Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conservation of N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid-mediated systemic acquired resistance in crop plants

Signal propagation and the coordination of whole-organism responses in plants rely heavily on small molecules. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is one such process in which long-distance signaling activates immune responses in uninfected tissue as a way to limit the spread of a primary, localized infection. Recently, N-hydroxy pipecolic acid (NHP) was discovered and shown to coordinate SAR in Arabidopsis. Here, we provide metabolic and biochemical evidence that NHP is conserved across the plant kingdom and demonstrate a role for NHP in mediating SAR responses in tomato and pepper. We reconstituted the NHP biosynthetic pathway in planta and show that transient expression of two NHP biosynthetic genes in tomato induces enhanced resistance to a bacterial pathogen in distal tissue. Our results suggest engineering strategies to induce NHP-mediated SAR are a promising route to improve broad-spectrum pathogen resistance in crops. IN BRIEF Engineering NHP production is a promising strategy to enhance disease resistance in crops. HIGHLIGHTS Arabidopsis N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid (NHP) pathway is conserved across the plant kingdom Application of NHP to tomato and pepper plants induces a robust SAR response Metabolic engineering of the Arabidopsis NHP pathway in Solanum lycopersicum leads to enhanced NHP production and defense priming Genetic engineering for enhanced NHP production is a promising strategy to protect crop plants from multiple pathogens
Effect of a Multifaceted Intervention on Hand Hygiene compliance among Healthcare Workers at the Medicine Wards and Icu in a tertiary Hospital Setting

Background. While hand hygiene is recognized as the cornerstone for reducing risk for nosocomial infections, compliance in our institution remains low. Previously identified barriers include poor access to hand hygiene products, lack of reminders, and poor knowledge on indications. Methods. At the medical wards and ICU of a tertiary hospital, a group of medical students, residents, and nurses was exposed to interventions addressing the identified barriers. Alcohol handrub was provided at each bedside, visual reminders were placed at critical locations, and commonly missed opportunities were reinforced at the start of the study. Hand hygiene compliance was covertly evaluated after two weeks and compared against that of an
Interference and Control of ALS-Resistant Mouse-Ear Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) in Winter Wheat

Abstract In 2015, winter wheat growers in Virginia reported commercial failures of thifensulfuron to control mouse-ear cress. This was the first reported case of field-evolved acetolactate synthase (ALS) resistance in mouse-ear cress, so research was conducted to evaluate alternative herbicide options as well as to document potential yield loss in winter wheat from mouse-ear cress. Efficacy studies were conducted at three site-years in 2015 to 2016 and 2016 to 2017 as well as a POST greenhouse trial. In the PRE study, flumioxazin, pyroxasulfone, saflufenacil, and metribuzin resulted in more than 80% mouse-ear cress control 15 wk after planting across all sites with no observable wheat injury. No differences were observed in wheat yield in two of three sites in the PRE herbicide study; yield differences were attributed to common chickweed and not to mouse-ear cress. In the POST herbicide study, 2,4-D, dicamba, and metribuzin resulted in greater than 75% control in the field and greenhouse. Metribuzin, dicamba, and pyroxsulam resulted in crop injury 3 wk after treatment at some sites, but injury was transient. Yield from all POST treatments was similar to the nontreated plots. No yield loss was observed by mouse-ear cress densities greater than 300 plants m-2, indicating that mouse-ear cress is not very competitive with winter wheat. Growers should make herbicide decisions based on other weeds in the field and can incorporate the aforementioned herbicides for mouse-ear cress control. Nomenclature: Dicamba; flumioxazin; metribuzin; pyroxasulfone; pyroxsulam; saflufenacil; thifensulfuron; 2,4-D; common chickweed, Stellaria media L. ; mouse-ear cress, Arabidopsis thaliana L. ; wheat, Triticum aestivum L.
STUDY OF WORD NETWORKS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE OF INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, KHARAGPUR IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY

A study of the word interaction networks of Bengali in the framework of complex networks is ﬁrst done. The topological properties of these networks reveal interesting insights into the morpho-syntax of the language, whereas clustering helps in the induction of the natural word classes leading to a principled way of designing POS tagsets. Then, different network construction techniques and clustering algorithms based on the cohesiveness of the word clusters measured against two gold-standard tagsets by means of the novel metric of tag-entropy . The approach is then extended to any ﬁve other languages-English, German, Hindi, Hebrew and Finnish to ﬁnd their word network properties. Since the clusters on manual inspection reveal word classes hinting at morpho-syntax, we propose a framework for the named entity recognition ( NER ) and a creation of semi-supervised NER engine. And ﬁnally, we create a word network from part-of-speech ( P OS ) tagged corpus of 2 languages to study the network structure and verify the P OS induction in word networks.
The Effect of Different Malting Periods on the Nutritional Composition of Malted Sorghum-Soy Composite Flour

Malted sorghum-soy composite flour was developed from sorghum grains and soy beans. The sorghum grains were subjected to different malting periods of 2, 3, 4, and 5 days respectively and then blended with soy in the ratio 2:1. The composite flour was analysed for proximate and specific mineral composition and sensory evaluation was carried out on the porridge made from the composite flour. The results of sensory evaluation showed general decrease in sensory attributes with increased malting period, but day 2 malted sorghum compared well (P≥0.05) with the non-malted period in all attributes. The proximate analysis showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in moisture content at day 2 malting but a significant (P<0.05) decrease in ash and crude fat content with increased malting compared to the non-malted (day 0). While the crude fibre was significantly (P<0.05) increased at day 3, 4 and 5 of malting, total carbohydrate was at day 2 only compared with day 0. The crude protein showed no significant (P≥0.05) difference at day 4 compared with day 0. The specific mineral analysis revealed a significant (P<0.05) increase in Zn, Fe, Mn and Mg but not Ca and Cu on day 3 malting compared with day 0. The study revealed improved mineral and fibre content of the composite with malting and a demonstration of the potential of the malting process in reducing anti-nutrients and increasing the presence of rich phytochemicals. Hence, malted sorghum with soy possibly complements the nutrient demand of the malnourished groups, especially of developing countries.
Environmental Effects on a Suspension Bridge’s Dynamic Response

Past research has demonstrated that a bridge’s dynamic performance may be influenced by the environmental loading to which it is subjected, such as thermal effects. This is certainly the case for the Tamar Suspension Bridge in south west England, which also exhibits this behavior, since the modal frequencies fluctuate in a daily cycle. One significant aim of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) research is to filter out these environmental effects to reveal effects of damage or other anomalous behavior. More than three years of continuously monitored data for the Tamar Suspension Bridge are available, collected from a large array of sensors. The dynamic response is monitored by accelerometers in the bridge’s deck and the stay cables, and a robotic total station (RTS) monitors its static performance. In addition, there are numerous sensors monitoring the local environmental conditions of the bridge. A detailed Finite Element (FE) model was also developed with the research to predict the behavior of Tamar Suspension Bridge under particular environmental conditions, such as thermal and traffic loading. The natural frequencies of the bridge have been shown to drop quite significantly in the day; in particular the first lateral symmetric mode varies by 10%. It has been noted, both from the monitored results and the FE model, that this may be a result of either the thermal expansion of the bridge elements, or the cumulative mass of the traffic on the bridge.
Studies on effect of addition of Bajra flour on chemical properties of Dahi

In the present study dahi was prepared by replacing milk solids with biofortified bajra flour. Bajra flour of biofortified hybrid AHB-1200 was used which is rich in iron and zinc than local varieties/hybrids. Dahi was prepared from buffalo milk by blending with bajra flour at 2 per cent, 4 per cent, 6 per cent and 8 per cent. The requisite samples of dahi with different treatments were subjected for proximate analysis viz. Acidity, pH, fat, protein, total sugar, moisture, total solid and ash. It was observed that as the blending of bajra flour decreased there was increase in protein, carbohydrate, total solids, ash, iron and zinc whereas, decrease in moisture content of dahi.
Improved error estimates for optimal control of the Stokes problem with pointwise tracking in three dimensions

This work is motivated by recent interest in the topic of pointwise tracking type optimal control problems for the Stokes problem. Pointwise tracking consists of point evaluations in the objective functional which lead to Dirac measures appearing as source terms of the adjoint problem. Consider- ing bounds for the control allows for improved regularity results for the exact solution and improved approximation error estimates of its numerical coun- terpart. We show a sub-optimal convergence result in three dimensions that nonetheless improves the results known from the literature. Finally, we oﬀer supporting numerical experiments and insights towards optimal approximation error estimates.
The Influence of Administering Propolis CMCE Extract on FSH, LH, and Testosterone Levels in MSG-Induced Male Wistar Rat

Introduction: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) increase free radicals and effecting on male reproductive hormone balance. CMCE propolis extract can be used as supplement to protect cells from free radical.Objective : To prove the effect of CMCE propolis extract to increase FSH, LH and Testosterone levels in male Wistar rats induced by MSG.Methods : This research was an experimental with post test only control group design used 18 male Wistar rats and divided into 3 groups. Each group on Control (K), P1 and P2 were induced by MSG of 140mg, then on P1 added 8,3mg CMCE propolis extract and P2 10,8mg for 21 days. Then on 22th day of blood was taken through the orbitalis sinus and serum was used for the analysis FSH, LH and Testosteron levels with ELISA method.Results : ANOVA analysis test showed significant differences each group p=0,000(p˂0,05). Post hoc LSD test showed FSH, LH and Testosterone levels in the 8,3mg dose CMCE propolis extract and 10,8mg were significant different compared with control group p=0,000(p˂0,05). CMCE propolis extract 10,8mg dose had the significantly highest effect of FSH, LH and Testosterone levels than CMCE propolis extract 8,3 mg.Conclusion : CMCE propolis extract 10,8mg/day for 21 days is proven to increase FSH, LH and testosterone levels in male Wistar rats induced by MSG.
International diversification and economic development in a regional context: a dynamic capabilities approach

This exploratory study proposes a theoretical framework grounded on the dynamic capabilities approach to facilitate understanding of the role of managerial resources and dynamic capabilities in international diversification (ID) initiatives in a changing business environment in the context of Western Australia (WA). Data were gathered through interviews with representatives of this state's chambers of commerce, government agencies and town halls. While the identified ID strategies will not replace the state's ubiquitous mining industry, these were nevertheless perceived as significant contributors to its future economic performance. The strategies primarily emphasised the potential and value of further developing tourism, international education, innovative and technological resources, and premium agricultural products. The proposed framework provides an interpretative and guiding tool, which highlights the strategic importance of a region's alternative resources as contributors to its diversification, economic development, and competitive advantage. In addition, the study will discuss various implications from the findings and identify future research strands.
Transcription factor motifs in anterior insula gene-expression are altered in mood disorder Brains

1Center for Biomedical Research Support, University of Texas at Austin 2Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany 3Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Germany 4Department of Psychiatry, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin 5The Mulva Clinic for Neurosciences, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin 6Institute of Early Life Adversity Research 7Institute of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin 8Department of Integrative Biology, the University of Texas at Austin 9Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin
Study on growth and yield characteristics of twelve cherry tomato lines

Cherry tomato is a high value vegetable and demand increased in the market. The study was conducted in the Sher-e-Bangla agriculture university at Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Dhaka, during the period from November 2016 to March 2017. Twelve cherry tomato lines under study, viz., L1, Jhumka-red; L2, Sweetie; L3, Cherry Sweet red; L4, SAU Olive cherry; L5, Chinese; L6, Jhumka-yellow; L7, Clamentine; L8, Golden juble; L9,SAU Black cherry; L10, Whitest; L11, Orange; L12, JP-13. The data obtained for different characters were statistically analyzed by MSTAT-C computer package program. Three randomly selected competitive plants from each cherry tomato line in all plot, and were tagged plants used for recording observed for few characters. The quality of fruits and vegetables can be characterized by attributes such as appearance, flavor, texture, nutritional value and safety. However cherry tomato is a small size and has deferent color and shape, so we have the advantage going our market. Together with these factors arises the issue of how important the knowledge about growth conditions is for preference. This study has result that the highest fruit yield/hectare in L7 (clementine) is attributed to better vegetative growth and quality yield.
Genetic Diversity of Durum Wheat Genotypes Using Morpho-protein Analysis

Knowledge of morpho-protein patterns of genetic diversity improves the efficiency of germplasm conservation and development. The objective of present study was to evaluate 116 genotypes of Triticum turgidum from seven countries in terms of morphological traits and seed protein banding patterns. The results showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for the traits. The correlation between grain yield and weight per spike was significant and positive, while the correlation between days to heading, length of peduncle and plant height was significant and negative. The factor analysis classified the traits in to four main groups which accounted for 74.4% of the total variability. Sixteen allelic compositions were identified in the genotypes for high molecular weight glutenin subunits. The three alleles were present at the Glu-A1 locus and 8 alleles at Glu-B1. The null allele was observed more frequently than the 1 and 2 alleles. Two alleles, namely 17 + 18 and 20, represented more frequent alleles at Glu-B1 locus. The genetic variability in Glu-A1and Glu-B1 loci were 0.42 and 0.81, respectively. The cluster analysis based on morphological traits and HMW-GS clustered the genotypes in to six and seven groups, respectively. The results indicated the presence of high genetic variability among the genotypes. Our findings suggest that the plants belong to different clusters can be used for hybridization to generate useful recombinants in the segregating generations, the genetics and breeding programs for improvement of durum wheat.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEAFLET BASED ON THE BRUNER THEORY ON THE MATERIALS OF THE TWO-VARIABLE LINEAR EQUATION SYSTEM

This study aims to develop a leaflet based on Bruner's theory for the twovariable linier equation system, which is valid and describes its characteristics. Research development is used to take three stages, namely the prelimanary reseach, prototipe design and assessment. The instrument in the form of a product validation sheet was designed to obtain an assessment from an expert in mathematics, mathematics education and learning media. Aspects assessed include content validity, constructs, graphics and language. Data analysis uses the percentage formula and the results obtained compared with the validity qualification criteria of a product. Furthermore, the characteristics of the leaflet are described. Validation results for all aspects are classified as very valid. Bruner's theory-based leaflets that have been declared very valid by three validators still need improvement, especially aspects of language. Based on the validator's evaluation and validator's suggestion, finally obtained the characteristics of the Bruner theory-based leaflet for valid SPLDV material namely leaflets: in accordance with the learning objectives of SPLDV, suitable for students who have low interest in reading and understanding concepts, based on students' real experiences, containing unique drawings, attractive colors, and good writing forms, containing motivational sentences quoted from ISSN 2303-0992 ISSN online 2621-3176 Matematika dan Pembelajaran Volume 8, No. 1, June 2020, h. 74-86 Afriyani, D. 2020. Development of Leaflet Based on The Bruner Theory. Matematika dan Pembelajaran, 8(1), 75 of 86 famous figures, and containing material presented following the stages of Bruner's theory.
Alleviation of field water stress in wheat cultivars by using silicon and salicylic acid applied separately or in combination

The role of exogenous individual or combined application of silicon (Si) and salicylic acid (SA) (control, 6mm Si, 1mm SA, and 6mm Si+1mm SA) on grain yield and some key physiological characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cvv. Shiraz (drought-sensitive) and Sirvan (drought-tolerant) was investigated under field water-stress conditions (100% and 40% field capacity). Drought stress caused a considerable reduction in biological yield, yield and yield components, relative water content and leaf water potential of both cultivars. Application of Si and SA effectively improved these parameters in water-deficit treatments. Moreover, water-limited conditions markedly promoted the activities of key antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), while enhancing the accumulation of soluble sugars, potassium, magnesium and calcium in leaf tissues. Application of Si and SA further enhanced the activities of the key antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of osmolytes, and decreased the levels of H2O2 and MDA in drought-stressed plants; the positive effects of Si were greatest when it was applied with SA. Synergistic effects of Si+SA application on yield and physiological parameters were apparent compared with Si or SA applied separately. Water-stress alleviation and yield improvement in the wheat cultivars by Si and SA application was attributable to partly improved osmotic adjustment and antioxidant activity as well as to more favourable water status under stress conditions. Overall, Si and SA application proved to have great potential in promoting grain yield of wheat in drought-prone areas.
Discovery of psychoactive plant and mushroom alkaloids in ancient fungal cicada pathogens

Entomopathogenic fungi routinely kill their hosts before releasing infectious conidia, but select species keep their hosts alive while sporulating to enhance spore dispersal. Recent expression and metabolomics studies involving host-killing entomopathogens have helped unravel infection processes and host responses, yet the mechanisms underlying active host transmission in insects with Entomophthoralean fungal infections are completely unexplored. Here we report the discovery, through global and targeted metabolomics supported by metagenomics and proteomics, of the plant amphetamine, cathinone, in Massospora cicadina -infected periodical cicadas, and the mushroom tryptamine, psilocybin, in M. platypediae - and M. levispora -infected annual cicadas. The neurogenic activities of these alkaloids provide a hypothetical framework for a chemically induced extended phenotype of Massospora that alters cicada behavior by increasing endurance and suppressing feeding prior to death.
INFLUENCE OF TURBULENCE SCALE AND SHAPE OF LEADING EDGE ON FST-INDUCED LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION

Influence of turbulence scale and shape of leading edge on laminar turbulent transition in the boundary layer on the flat plate subjected to free-stream turbulence (FST) was studied experimentally. It was found that length scale of turbulence has a dramatic effect on disturbances growth in the boundary layer at the sharp-nosed plate. Enhanced receptivity of blunt-nosed plate boundary layer to FST was demonstrated. New linear receptivity theory describing these findings of experiment was developed.
Kontribusi Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah, Etos Kerja Guru, dan Kompetensi Pedagogik Terhadap Kinerja Guru

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besar kontribusi kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah, etos kerja guru, dan kompetensi pedagogik terhadap kinerja guru baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Ukuran populasi 117 orang guru dan ukuran sampel adalah 90 responden yang diambil dengan teknik incidental sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran angket. Analisis data meliputi statistik deskriptif, regresi ganda, simultan, koefisien determinasi, korelasi parsial, sumbangan efektif, dan sumbangan relatif. Koefisien determinasi sebesar 77,9%. Kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah, etos kerja guru, dan kompetensi pedagogik berpengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah berpengaruh positif yang tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Etos kerja guru dan kompetensi pedagogik masing-masing berpengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Sumbangan efektif kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 4,3%, sumbangan efektif etos kerja guru terhadap kinerja sebesar 31%, dan sumbangan efektif kompetensi pedagogik terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 42,6%.