Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrient Digestibility and Retention of Potential Feed Ingredients for Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.) Aquaculture in Iran

To overcome the aquafeed challenges for aquaculture in Iran, the world’s largest rainbow trout producer, the nutrient digestibility and retention of eight rendered poultry by-products, and two plant protein sources were investigated. The test ingredients were added to a casein-based semipurified reference diet as control diet and fed to juvenile rainbow trout in three runs. During the experimental runs, test ingredients were added to the control diet in a ratio of 30 : 70. The diets were then fed to the animals in four replicates. TiO2 was used as marker and feces were collected by settling method. The apparent protein digestibility coefficient for poultry by-product meals (PBM), feather meals (FeM), poultry protein concentrate (PPCon), blood meal (BM), canola meal (CM), and Iranian soybean meal (IRSBM) were 73%–93%, 73%–96%, 100%, 87%, 94%, and 97%, respectively. The nitrogen productive value for PBM ranged 27%–46%, both PPCon and IRSBM 37%, CM 24%, BM 23%, and FeM from −6% to 18%. Citric acid supplementation of the alkaline thermochemically hydrolyzed FeM improved the digestibility of crude lipid and organic matter from 6% and 88% to 55% and 92%, respectively. The assessment of digestibility as well as nutrient retention analysis for tested feed components indicated that refined PBM and PPCon, both CM and IRSBM could be used in rainbow trout diets as value-added and eco-friendly protein sources. The findings of this study can assist fish nutritionists and key players in the aquafeed industry in adopting a sustainable approach to aquaculture by selecting locally available raw materials that demonstrate high nutrient retention in rainbow trout.
O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza-CE: análise dos arranjos institucionais Minha Casa Minha Vida Program in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza: an analysis of institutional arrangements

Considering the State of Ceara (northeastern Brazil), the results obtained so far reveal the concentration of the housing estates of the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program in some metropolitan cities, as well as the low dissemination of the program across the regional centers authorized to obtain funding from Fundo de Arrendamento Residencial and from Fundo de Garantia por Tempo de Servico (FGTS). In light of this panorama, we aimed to understand the reasons for the low effectiveness of the program through a comprehensive analysis of institutional arrangements, considering the role of the various actors involved, in particular the practices of the business, real estate and building sectors, the State's actions in the different spheres of government, and the contents of the instruments for planning and managing urban land and housing.
Correlation analysis between initial preliminary breakdown process, the characteristic of radiation pulse, and the charge structure on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Using synchronous data from a three‐dimensional lightning VHF radiation source mapping system, broadband electric field changes, and the radiation intensity of lightning on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, we divided the preliminary breakdown process into two processes by subdividing the original definition: an initial preliminary breakdown process and a subsequent preliminary breakdown process. We comparatively analyzed the initial preliminary breakdown process and the initial pulse cluster for different types of lightning in a thunderstorm and studied the correlation between the propagation direction of the initial streamer and the polarity of the initial pulse cluster, as well as the correlation between the propagation path of the initial streamer and the charge structure of the thunderstorm. The statistical analysis shows that the streamer propagation distance of the initial preliminary breakdown process maintained good consistency with the number of the initial pulse clusters generated in the initial preliminary breakdown process. When the initial preliminary breakdown process included multiple pulse clusters, the initial streamer exhibited a discontinuous discharge channel through a stepped development traveling upward or downward. Each step corresponded to a pulse cluster. The amplitude of the radiation and the broad electric field change pulse first increased and then decreased in each pulse cluster. The polarity of the initial pulse cluster was consistent with the propagation direction of the initial streamer in the initial preliminary breakdown process, and the propagation direction of the initial streamer was consistent with the charge structure of the thunderstorms.
Computational investigations of the coupling between transient flame dynamics and thermo-acoustic instability in a self-excited resonance combustor

Combustion instability due to thermo-acoustic interactions is a critical combustion problem that requires a thorough understanding because of its adverse impact on stable and reliable operation of combustors in high-speed propulsion devices like gas turbines and rockets. This work conducts computational investigations of the coupling between the transient flame dynamics such as the ignition delay and local extinction and the thermo-acoustic instability developed in a self-excited resonance combustor to gain deep insights into the mechanisms of thermo-acoustic instability. A 2D modelling framework that employs different flamelet models (the steady flamelet model and the flamelet/progress variable approach) is developed to enable the examination of the effect of the transient flame dynamics caused by the strong coupling of the turbulent mixing and finite-rate chemical kinetics on the occurrence of thermo-acoustic instability. The models are validated by using the available experimental data for the pressure signal. Parametric studies are performed to examine the effect of the occurrence of the transient flame dynamics, the effect of artificial amplification of the Damköhler number, and the effect of neglecting mixture fraction fluctuations on the predictions of the thermo-acoustic instability. The parametric studies reveal that the occurrence of transient flame dynamics has a strong influence on the onset of the thermo-acoustic instability. Further analysis is then conducted to localise the effect of a particular flame dynamic event, the ignition delay, on the thermo-acoustic instability. The reverse effect of the occurrence of the thermo-acoustic instability on the transient flame dynamics in the combustor is also investigated by examining the temporal evolution of the local flame events in conjunction with the pressure wave propagation. The above observed two-way coupling between the transient flame dynamics (the ignition delay) and the thermo-acoustic instability provides a plausible mechanism of the self-excited and sustained thermo-acoustic instability observed in the combustor despite the fact that the results are obtained from 2D simulations. The same analysis is expected to be extensible to fully 3D simulations.
New Primula-type Flavones from Exudates of Selected Dionysia spp. (Primulaceae)

Hitherto unstudied Dionysia leucotricha and D. denticulata as well as new accessions of already studied species were analyzed for their exudate flavonoid profile. Results were compared with those of closely related species by HPLC-reinvestigation of existing exudate solutions. In addition to already known compounds typical of the Primula assemblage, three compounds were isolated from D. bryoides and identified as 2’-hydroxy-3’-methoxyflavone (1), 2’,3’-dimethoxyflavone (2) and 3’,5’-dimethoxyflavone (3), respectively, by HPLC and NMR. All compounds are new for the genus Dionysia, with compound 3 being novel and yet only described from synthesis. The occurrence of Primula-type flavones in Dionysia and the rare reports from genera outside Primulaceae are commented briefly.
A Systematic Role for Extreme Ocean‐Atmosphere Oscillations in the Development of Glacial Conditions Since the Mid Pleistocene Transition

We introduce a new hypothesis concerning the role of internal climate dynamics in the non‐linear transitions from interglacial to glacial (IG‐G) state since the Mid Pleistocene Transition (MPT). These transitions encompass large and abrupt changes in atmospheric CO2, ice volume, and temperature that we suggest involve critical interactions between insolation and high amplitude oscillations in ocean/atmosphere circulation patterns. Specifically, we highlight the large amplitude of millennial‐scale climate oscillations across the transition from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 to 4, which we argue led to amplified cooling of the deep ocean and we demonstrate that analogous episodes of extreme cooling systematically preceded glacial periods of the last 800 kyr. We suggest that such cooling necessitates a reconfiguration of the deep ocean to avoid a density paradox between northern and southern‐sourced deep waters (SSW), which could be accomplished by increasing the relative volume and or salinity of SSW, thus providing the necessary storage capacity for the subsequent (delayed) and relatively abrupt drawdown of CO2. We therefore explain the transient decoupling of Antarctic temperature from CO2 across MIS 5/4 as a direct consequence of millennial activity at that time. We further show that similar climatic decoupling typically occurred during times of low obliquity and was a ubiquitous feature of IG‐G transitions over the past 800 kyr, producing the appearance of bimodality in records of CO2, benthic δ18O and others. Finally we argue that the apparent lack of bimodality in the pre‐MPT record of benthic δ18O implies that the dynamics associated with IG‐G transitions changed across the MPT.
The link between extreme precipitation and convective organization in a warming climate: Global radiative‐convective equilibrium simulations

The rate of increase of extreme precipitation in response to global warming varies dramatically across climate model simulations, particularly over the tropics, for reasons that have yet to be established. Here we propose one potential mechanism: changing organization of convection with climate. We analyze a set of simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 with an idealized global radiative‐convective equilibrium configuration forced by fixed sea surface temperatures varying in 2° increments from 285 to 307 K. In these simulations, convective organization varies from semiorganized in cold simulations, disorganized in warm simulations, and abruptly becomes highly organized at just over 300 K. The change in extreme precipitation with warming also varies across these simulations, including a large increase at the transition from disorganized to organized convection. We develop an extreme precipitation‐focused metric for convective organization and use this to explore their connection.
Diversity and molecular identification of endosymbionts of the white-flies Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum

The infection of insects with symbiotic bacteria has significant implications for the evolution and ecology of the hosts. Maternally inherited symbionts associated with B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum whiteflies play a vital role in their fitness and survival. Whitefly symbionts have been identified in many countries, but no study has been undertaken in Iraq and the UK. For the first time in both countries, the molecular identification and diversity of the symbionts of both whiteflies have been investigated in the present study. Fourteen populations of B. tabaci from Iraq and twenty populations of T. vaporariorum from the UK were used to detect and identify seven common endosymbiont bacteria associated with whitefly using the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA nuclear markers. All females and males of B. tabaci harboured one primary symbiont, Portiera aleyrodidarum, and almost all of both sexes of all B. tabaci species have the two secondary symbionts Hamiltonella sp. and Rickettsia sp. The primary symbiont P. aleyrodidarum was also detected in both sexes of T. vaporariorum, whereas only one secondary symbiont, Arsenophonus sp. , was detected in almost all females but not in the males. Additionally, an investigation into genetic diversity using three genes of the Arsenophonus sp. populations showed no variation among different populations. The results supported the notion that Arsenophonus sp. might play an important role in the survival of T. vaporariorum females and maybe a killer of male whiteflies. Also, secondary symbionts Hamiltonella sp. and Rickettsia sp. with B. tabaci could support their host’s fitness and survival. These findings reveal the endosymbionts associated with B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum in Iraq and the UK, respectively. Further investigation is needed to understand the roles of these symbionts in both countries
Effectiveness of the Treatment of Physiotherapy in the Congenital Muscular Torticollis: A Systematic Review

A single congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a postural musculoskeletal deformity and is characterized by the shortening or stiffness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The reported incidence of CMT ranges from 0.2% to 2%. The objective is to evaluate the effect of physical therapy programs on CMT. For the search, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro and Cochrane databases were used. Randomized controlled trials published between 2018 and 2023 have been included. This study follows the PRISMA 2020 statement and has been registered in the PROSPERO database. Finally, six studies were included. The cervical range of motion (ROM) in rotation was the most analyzed variable, followed by the ultrasound evaluation; one of the studies included the analysis of children’s motor development with the Alberta scale. All research found benefits associated with soft tissue mobilization, passive stretching techniques and manual therapy of the cervical spine. In conclusion, it is possible to recommend manual therapy and passive stretching techniques for the treatment of CMT, with significant results on the cervical ROM.
Middle Pleistocene glaciation, alluvial fan development and sea-level changes in the Bay of Kotor, Montenegro

Abstract A coarse-grained alluvial fan at Lipci in the Bay of Kotor, western Montenegro, was deposited in the Middle Pleistocene by a high-energy, steep gradient proglacial stream draining an outlet glacier on the Orjen massif. The fan apex is currently about 50 m above sea-level, but the majority (c. 60%) of this landform now lies offshore. Field mapping, sedimentological analysis and uranium-series dating were combined with a marine bathymetric survey and seismic profiling to explore the morphology and history of the entire fan complex. The Lipci fan was deposited on the margin of a large polje downstream of moraines that formed during the Middle Pleistocene (Marine Isotope Stage 12). The sea-level may have been more than 120 m lower than present during the glacial stages of the Middle Pleistocene. The sediments on the terrestrial portion of the fan are strongly cemented by secondary calcite and the oldest uranium-series ages show that the fan was deposited before 320 ka. These ages are consistent with a larger uranium-series dataset (n=39) from other glacial and glacio-fluvial formations surrounding Mount Orjen. Seismic profiling of the submerged portion of the fan in the Bay of Kotor shows well-preserved palaeochannels with inset terraces. The Lipci fan is unusual because even its distal segments are well preserved after exposure to multiple post-Marine Isotope Stage 12 regression–transgression cycles. This is probably due to the strong cementation of the fan sediments and its sheltered location in the Bay of Kotor.
Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches in Obesity-Related Knee Osteoarthritis

The knee is the joint most frequently involved in osteoarthritis, a common joint disorder in the adult population that is associated with significant chronic joint pain, reduced mobility and quality of life. Recent studies have established an association between obesity and the development of knee osteoarthritis that goes beyond the increased mechanical load on the knees as weight-bearing joints. This link is based on the maintenance of a chronic low-grade inflammation, altered secretion of adipokines by the adipose tissue and development of sarcopenia. Major adipokines involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related knee osteoarthritis include adiponectin, which appears to have a protective effect, as well as leptin, resistin and visfatin, which are associated with higher pain scores and more severe structural damage. Joint pain in knee osteoarthritis may be both nociceptive and neuropathic and is the result of complex mechanisms driven by nerve growth factor, calcitonin gene-related peptide and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The role of endogenous cannabinoids and gut microbiota in common mechanisms between obesity and knee pain has recently been studied. The aim of the present review is to highlight major pathogenic mechanisms in obesity-related knee osteoarthritis with special attention on pain and to comment on possible therapeutic approaches.
Voices of climate justice. Ecosocial work and the politics of recognition

This essay aims to provide an overview of the guiding principles of an ecosocial approach to social work. It discusses this approach from an ethical-political perspective that considers the climate crisis as a multiplier of inequalities and injustice issues. It discusses the question of how the climate crisis affects our understanding of justice and the role social work should play in promoting justice. Apart from economic fair distribution, justice should also involve the recognition of voices that are not being heard. For that reason, the essay addresses the notions of recognition and epistemic justice more deeply.
An in-depth study of the biology, trophic ecology and catchability of the invasive pufferfish Lagocephalus sceleratus from southern Turkey, eastern Mediterranean Sea

The silver-cheeked toadfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) is an invasive species of highest concern. Its population must be controlled to mitigate its negative impacts on marine ecosystems, fishers, fisheries and human health. This study thoroughly investigates the biology, diet and catchability of the L. sceleratus stock from Finike, Turkey from March 2017 to February 2018 in order to better manage its invasion. A total of 751 specimens were sampled for this study with a M/F ratio of 1.25/1. The species becomes sexually mature at three and a half years of age, and Lm50 was 41.39 cm for males and 42.08 cm for females. Its spawning season in this region was from June to August, peaking in July. Its diet was mostly crustaceans in spring, fish in summer and both fish and crustaceans in winter. This species consumed a large amount of other pufferfish species, resulting in over a quarter of its fish diet. The trophic level of L. sceleratus was 4.41, demonstrating that it is indeed a top predator carnivore in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Ingested fishing gear parts such as net pieces and hooks were found in about 10% of the fish. A slight modification of longlines using steel branch lines and a swivel hook resulted in double the catch per unit effort than standard longlines, so this technique can be used to target and control more of this invasive species, which is a national priority.
APPLYING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS TO SOIL-LANDSCAPE RESEARCH-QUANTIFYING THE SUBJECTIVE

Principal component analysis is a multivariate statistical procedure that can be used to identify factors (correlated subsets of variables) in large data sets. This statistical method appears useful for scientists investigating soil processes, but it has received little attention. Reported applications of principal component analysis share a common fault--subjective, user-specified analytical options apparently are not recognized, for they are not discussed. Reported data sets are often small, have low observations-per-variable ratios, and lack tests of robustness. A large soil data set is used to demonstrate systematic procedures for an optimum rotated principal component solution. This solution retained 21 variables aligned among four "clean" and "logical" factors, and extracted 79% of the variance. Robustness was confirmed by comparison with comll1on factor analysis solutions. ltiThen carefully applied, the presented guidelines should enhance scientists' abilities to iden~ify and transfer knowledge about multivariate data sets, and should allow different scientists to independently arrive at similar factor solutions.
The Effect of Profitability and Liquidity on Dividend Policy

This study examines the relationship between profitability projected by ROE and liquidity by CR to predict its effect on projected dividend policy with dividend payout ratio (DPR) in food and beverage sector manufacturing companies listed on the stock exchange market. Design and method of analysis, estimation of pandel data regression models with CEM, FEM and REM approaches using the EViews v.12 program. Approach model selection with Chow test, Hausman test, and LM test. The classical assumption test refers to the results of the best panel data regression model selected. The feasibility evaluation of the model was carried out by regression analysis of panel data, and analysis of the coefficient of determination, as well as the t test and F test, at a = 0.05. The results of the study, FEM as a regression model of selected panel data. Evaluation of the feasibility of the model, ROE and CR can predict changes in DPR behavior, although there is an inverse relationship of CR with DPR. The joint contribution of ROE and CR has a high ability to predict and influence the DPR. ROE has a significant negative effect on the DPR. CR has no influence on the DPR. Together, ROE and CR have proven to have a significant positive effect on the DPR.
Verification of the effectiveness of digital therapeutics principle textbooks for elementary and secondary school teachers

As the digital transformation of medical systems accelerates, digital therapeutics based on digital technology is attracting attention. Research on digital therapeutics has just begun, and the digital therapeutic market is growing internationally. For students to prepare for an intelligent information society, teachers must be prepared to lead and teach the principles of promising convergence technologies in the future. In this paper, we developed textbooks that can teach the principle of digital therapeutics (DTx) to elementary and secondary school teachers. Textbooks for elementary school teachers were designed with the principle of DTx for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and textbooks for middle school teachers were developed with DTx corresponding to digital dramas as the central theme. The textbooks were developed based on the analyze learners, state objectives, select methods, media, and materials, utilize media and materials, require learner participation, evaluate and revise (ASSURE) model and included teaching and learning plans, worksheets, and reading materials for immediate use in the school field. In addition, textbooks can be used in non-face-to-face classes by using customized online teaching tools. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the developed textbooks, we applied the textbooks to 33 Korean teachers. As a result, teachers’ teaching and learning competency and information teaching efficacy were improved in preparation for the intelligent information society of elementary and secondary school teachers. It was a statistically significant result.