Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stem fly, Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) (Insecta: Diptera: Agromyzidae) a major insect: a review

The present study was conducted on Stem Fly or bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli Tryon. their biology, damage, identification and management with the objectives of arriving at the crucial conclusion on the most suitable techniques to decrease pest infestation for high potential yield and productivity with least damage to the environment and also need to develop a reliable technique that would help to positively identify resistant lines.
Bio-efficacy of bas 306 02 I 240 SC against major insect pests of chilli during rabi season 2016-17 to 2017-18 Man

An experiment was conducted to observe the “Bio-efficacy of BAS 306 02 I 240 SC against major insect pests of chilli during Rabi Season 2016-17 and 2017-18” at Horticulture farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (IGKV), Raipur. During the bio efficacy trial among the insecticidal treatments, T3 @ 240g a.i. /ha BAS 306 02 I 240 SC were showed significantly superior mortality over untreated control in effectively control the major insect pests population of chilli. All the tested doses of insecticides, there was no phytotoxicity symptoms were recorded in chilli crop. Among all the insecticidal treatment minimum coccinellids beetle population was observed in (T4) BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 288 g a.i. /ha (0.17 coccinellids beetle per plant), followed by (T3) BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 240 g a.i./ha (0.26 coccinellids beetle per plant),(T2) BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 192 g a.i. / ha (0.24 coccinellids beetle per plant), and were found statistically at par. There was maximum coccinellids beetle population (0.36 coccinellids beetle per plant) in untreated control (T7). On the basis of pooled data 2016-17 and 2017-18 the highest average yield of 106.11 q/ha was recorded in the T3 plot treated with BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 240 g a.i./ha followed by T4-BAS 306 02 I 240 SC @ 288 g a.i./ha (106.11 q/ha) as compared to the control (78.00 q/ha).
TENSILE AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF CEMENT SILICA FUME CONCRETE

Silica fume is a concrete modifier used to enhance its strength up to some extent. This study was conducted for better understanding of influence of silica fume on tensile and flexural strengths of concrete. 168 cylinders and 56 beams were cast with 0% to 9% cement silica fume replacement and water binder ratios of 0.4, 0.45, 0.5 and 0.55. Spitting tensile and flexural strengths were obtained on 7 and 28 day curing. The results indicate significant improvement in tensile and flexural strengths of concrete. The cement silica fume concrete showed 26% higher splitting tensile strength and 22% higher flexural strength than that of cement concrete when 6 to 7.5% of cement was replaced with silica fume and concrete was cured for 7 days. While for 28 days strength, cement silica fume concrete showed 20% higher splitting tensile strength and flexural strength than that of cement concrete at 6% cement replacement with silica fume.
Assessment of safety of flubendiamide 20 WG against non-target organisms

Laboratory studies were conducted to assess the safety of flubendiamide 20 WG on non-target organisms viz., Egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis, Predator, Chrysoperla zastrowii silemi and four different species of honey bees. Flubendiamide 20 WG at higher doses (70 and 60 g a.i. ha) was better than stand alone products viz., quinalphos 25 EC, novaluron 10 EC and emamectin benzoate 5 SG in terms of toxicity to non-target organisms. The hatchability and parasatisation of T. chilonis was not affected by flubendiamide 20 WG at 70 and 60 g a.i. ha as they recorded more than 65 per cent of hatchability and parasitisation. Flubendiamide 20 WG 70 and 60 g a.i. ha was found safer to predator C. zastrowi sillemi as the hatchability per cent was above 50 per cent and grub mortality was below 50 per cent. The contact toxicity of flubendiamide 20 WG to honey bees viz., Apis cerana indica F. , A. florea F. , A. dorsata F. and Trigona iridipennis at 70, 60, 50 and 40 g a.i. ha recorded the lowest mortality (<40%) when compared to standard checks viz., quinalphos 25 EC, novaluron 10 EC and emamectin benzoate 5 SG at 24 HAT.
INTERNATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF SMES: THE ROLE OF FOREIGN CAPITAL

The aim of this paper is to empirically examine the relationship between the firms’ ownership and control structure, in particular the presence of foreign capital, and their internationalization levels. The internationalization of Portuguese SMEs depends on a multitude of factors, being the impact of foreign investment inflows directed to industrial SMEs a usually forgotten factor. This paper fills that gap using a balanced panel data of 5,722 firms for an eight year period beginning in 2010, researching if the presence of foreign capital influences the level and scope of internationalization, and controlling for the effects of variables such as profitability, age, size, indebtedness and sector of activity. The country of origin of the foreign capital is considered and possible non-linear effects are also tested. The results evidence that the presence in SMEs of foreign shareholders positively influences internationalization. Also, there seems to exist a non-linear relation between the development level of the country of origin of the share capital and internationalization, with the results indicating that firms with capital originated from more advanced countries attain a higher degree of internationalization.
Field efficacy of a mix formulation, emamectin benzoate 0.25 + cartap hydrochloride 7.5 GR against Scirpophaga incertulas in paddy

Comparative field efficacy of emamectin benzoate + cartap hydrochloride was judged against Scirpophaga incertulas in paddy during kharif 2017 and winter 2017-18. Seven treatments (3 different doses of emamectin benzoate + cartap hydrochloride, cartap hydrochloride, emamectin benzoate, chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam and untreated control) were applied to find out percent reduction of damage, yield, benefit cost ratio (B:C) and safety to natural enemies. Emamectin benzoate + cartap hydrochloride @ 9 kg/ha resulted highest reduction of dead heart (97.5%) and white ear (93.4%) over control. It was at par with 7.5 kg/ha resulting respective reduction by 96.7 and 92.8%. The highest yield measuring 44.7 and 45.4 q/ha & B:C with 10.5 and 12.8 respectively during kharif, 2017 and winter, 2017-18 were also obtained in Emamectin benzoate + cartap hydrochloride @ 9 kg/ha. Again, it was statistically at par with 7.5 kg/ha in respect to yield (43.6 and 44.7 q/ha) and B: C (11.1 and 14.3), respectively. In both doses, no detrimental effect was noticed against available natural enemies of insects. Considering highest B:C, the lower dose @ 7.5 kg/ha could be recommended for economic use in rice for effective control of S. incertulas.
Comparison of conception rate following CIDR ± post insemination treatment with CIDR in repeat breeder cows

The high incidence of Repeat breeding is one of the most common problems faced by the farmers and veterinarians in India and it causes huge economic loss to the farmers. A total of 90 repeat breeder cows that were either brought to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli, or to the infertility camps at nearby villages of Tirunelveli formed the experimental animals for the present study. The repeat breeder cows were randomly and equally assigned to one of the three groups. viz. control (Group I; n=30) CIDR (Group II; n=30) and CIDR + post AI CIDR (Group III; n=30). The pregnancy status was checked 60 to 90 days post insemination by rectal palpation. The conception rate following controlled breeding with CIDR (group II) was (P
Effect of dietary supplementation of fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) on production performance of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

A total of 300 day old Japanese quail chicks were used to assess the effect of dietary supplementation of fennel seeds on the production performance of Japanese Quails. Fennel seed powder was supplemented with basal ration at 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% levels. The groups supplemented with fennel seeds at 1.0 and 1.5% levels had resulted in significantly (P
PCR FOR DETECTION OF VIRULANCE AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS AT AL-GHARBIA GOVERNORATE

Three hundred and fifty quarter milk samples were collected from apparently healthy cows at Al-Gharbia governorate, Egypt. Samples were tested using California Mastitis Test (CMT) and somatic cell count, of which 235 samples were detected as positive. Overall, 168-quarter milk samples (71.48%) were found to be e contaminated with coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus with mean count of 64x10 3 ± 19x10 3 cfu/ml. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains were tested for methicillin to identify Methicillin resistant strains (MRSA). Antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out by using two antibiotic disks against fourty six identified Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The obtained results indicated that resistance against cefoxitin was 34.78% and sensitivity was 65.21%, while the resistance against vancomycin was 26.08% and sensitivity was 73.91%. PCR technique was used to detect presence of mecA gene that coded for penicillin-binding protein 2a. The results on sixteen positive isolates, which suspected to have mecA gene by antibiotic sensitivity test were 93.75%. The total of subclinical mastitis cases infected with MRSA was 6.38%. The results provided evidence that the presence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Methicillin-resistant strains have become remarkably widespread in subclinical mastitis quarter milk samples. This calls for better control of the sources of milk contamination as well as spread of antimicrobial resistance organisms.
Meta-analysis of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection and high-risk type distribution in Chinese women

Objective The HPV infection rate and distribution of high-risk type in Chinese women of different regions were analyzed to provide basic scientific data for the development of effective regional control strategies and the development of HPV vaccine.Method By searching the literature,associated researches published in China before July 2011 were analyzed and evaluated comprehensively.Result HPV infection rate is 15.71%in ordinary women,and is lower than cervical lesions(15.71%vs 82.43%,P 0.05 ). Average infection rate of high-risk type is higher in northern China than in southern China(41.57%vs 14.81%,P 0.05). Average infection rate of high-risk type is higher in minority autonomous regions than others(56.36%vs 17.11%,P 0.05). The 6 most common HPV types in China are HPV-16, HPV-52,HPV-58,HPV-33,HPV-32,and HPV-31,with HPV-16 being the most frequently observed one among all types.The distribution of other common types in different regions varies.Conclusion The HPV infection rate and the distribution of high-risk type vary in different regions and diverse populations.HPV-16,HPV-52,HPV-58 are dominant infection types which are specific in China.
α-Aminoadipate Pathway for the Biosynthesis of Lysine in Lower Eukaryotes

Bacteria and green plants use the diaminopimelate pathway for the biosynthesis of the essential amino acid, lysine; however, yeast and other higher fungi use the alpha-aminoadipate (AA) pathway. The AA pathway has been investigated in detail biochemically, genetically, and in terms of regulatory mechanisms in the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The genetic analysis of lysine auxotrophs of S. cerevisiae revealed that there are more than 12 lysine genes for 8 enzyme-catalyzed steps. Lysine genes are not linked to each other and seven of the genes are mapped on six different linkage groups (chromosomes). The gene-enzyme relationships have been determined for ten of the lysine loci which include two unlinked gene functions required for each of AA reductase (LYS2 and LYS5) and Saccharopine reductase (LYS9 and LYS14). Five of the lysine enzymes are localized in mitochondria and three in cytosol. The lysine pathway of S. cerevisiae is regulated by feedback inhibition and end product repression. Two, and possibly three, of the enzymes exhibit general control of amino acid biosynthesis and at least five of the enzymes coded for, by unlinked genes, are simultaneously depressed in a regulatory (repressor) gene-mutant.
The Influence of Electronic Word-of-Mouth, Destination Image, Destination Familiarity and Attitude Toward Destination on Travel Intention to Lombok

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of electronic word of mouth, destination image, destination familiarity, and attitude towards destination in the tourism sector. In this case the researchers provide several limitations of research related to the object to be studied, namely online review with the destination of Lombok. Data obtained by distributing questionnaires to the sample as respondents who have criteria; have read online travel reviews for Lombok destinations and have never been to Lombok. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling approach. Samples collected were 163 respondents. Data analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS) and assisted by SmartPLS 3.0 software. The hypotheses formed for testing are: (1) e-wom influences travel intention, destination image, and attitude toward destination positively; (2) destination familiarity influences destination image and travel intention positively; (3) destination image influences attitude toward destination and travel intention, and (4) attitude toward destination influences travel intention positively. Based on the results of processing the statistical data it was found that all hypotheses were accepted.
Effect of liquid fertilizers on nutritional and cooking quality of organically grown green gram (Vigna radiata)

A field experiment on green gram consisting of twelve treatment combinations involving two varieties of green gram and different levels of liquid fertilizer in FRBD with three replications at Organic farm, NAU, Navsari was conducted during Rabi season of 2015-16. The significant variation was observed. Among the liquid fertilizer treatment L2 (2% Kappaphycus alverezii seaweed sap) recorded significantly highest value of protein (19.01%) and carbohydrate (62.70%)in seed, P (0.28%), Fe (142.50mg/kg), Mn (16.83 mg/kg), Zn(40.50 mg/kg) content in stover and P(0.13%), K(0.97%), Fe(59.59 mg/kg), Mn(19.35 mg/kg) and Cu(6.83 mg/kg) content in green gram seed, and all these parameters are significantly at par with L5 (1% enriched banana pseudostem) treatment. Variety V1 (CO-4) recorded the significantly highest value of Mn content in stover (15.11 mg/kg) and seed (16.51 mg/kg). With respect to cooking quality the L2 treatment secured highest swelling capacity (0.606 mL seed) and least hydration index (6.089) with less cooking time (16.75 minutes) compared to other treatments.
Studies on vegetative characterization of some elite Banana Genotypes (Musa spp.)

An experiment entitled “Studies on vegetative characterization of some elite Banana Genotypes (Musa spp.)” was carried out at the field of the AICRP on Fruits (Banana), at Horticultural Research Station, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneswar during the year 2017-18. The experiment comprised of five (05) treatments replicated four times and was laid out in a Randomized block design. The 5 varieties of banana viz., BRS selection Popoulu (AAB), Nendran (AAB) as check, Manjari Nendran, NRCB Selection-10 (ABB) and Budubale(ABB) as check. The standard recommended packages of practices were followed in each treatment comprising of 20 plants. Observations in respect to vegetative characters of banana were analysed statistically and the result indicated that among all the genotypes studied, NRCB Selection-10 proved its superiority in terms of pseudostem girth, number of leaves, leaf area and number of suckers. The above genotype also has the least pseudostem height. The traits to earliness in shooting and harvest were more in BRS Selection Popoulu which makes it par with NRCB Selection-10 with respect to bunch weight and yield.
Effect of sowing method and density on the physical properties of the Seed bed and Oilseed rape yield.

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. napus), as a plant requiring shallow sowing, is sensitive to water deficiency in the soil during germination. The lack of rainfall results in the delay of emergence and a reduction in plant density before winter. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of various sowing methods (sowing with the furrow method – in furrows 6–8 cm deep; direct sowing into non-cultivated soil using disc coulters and conventional sowing) on the physical properties of the seed bed and winter oilseed rape yield depending on the sowing density (40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 seeds per m). The field study was carried out in 2011–2014, in Albic Luvisols with fine sandy loam texture. Furrow sowing and direct sowing provided higher seed bed moisture than conventional sowing. The use of furrow sowing resulted in the formation of a greater number of siliques per plant than in other sowing methods. Furrow sowing made it possible to produce a higher seed yield than direct sowing, however the oilseed rape yield did not increase significantly in relation to conventional sowing. The winter rapeseed yield after sowing 80–120 seeds per m was significantly higher than after sowing 40 and 60 seeds per m. When using low sowing densities (40 seeds per m), furrow sowing made it possible to produce a higher seed yield than conventional sowing. The possibility of improving oilseed rape yield by differentiating sowing methods at a density of 60–120 seeds per m was not demonstrated.
Essential oil composition from leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Callistemon viminalis originated from Malaysia

Leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Callistemon viminalis on hydrodistilation, gave 1.40 % and 0.80% w/w an oil dried weight basis, respectively. GC-MS analysis of the oils resulted in the identification of 18 and 7 constituents, repectively, representing 99.31% and 98.07%, respectively, of the oil. γ-Terpinene (71.36%) and o-cymene (17.63%) were the major components of E. camaldulensis. While 1,8cineole (61.51%) and α-pinene (21.53%) were the major components of C. viminalis. From the results; E. camaldulensis and C. viminalis leaf oils from Malaysia have great potential and can be utilized as cheap sources for the commercial isolation of γ-terpinene and 1,8-cineole.
Effect of soybean relayed into yam miniset/maize intercrop on the yields of component crops and soil fertility of yam based system

The effect of four varieties of soybean (TGX 1019-2 EB, TGX 1448 – 2E, TGX 1740 – 2F. TGX 1440 – IE) relayed into yam ministett/maize system on the yield of component crops and soil fertility of yam based system was investigated at National Root Crops Research Institute, substation Otobi, Benue State, Nigeria. Soybean relayed into yam minisett/maize intercrop did not significantly affect both yam tuber and maize grain yields but significantly increased the productivity of the cropping system from one hundred and ninety one thousand four hundred Naira per hectare obtained without soybean to two hundred and thirty eight thousand eight hundred Naira per hectare obtained with soybean variety TGX 1448-2E. Soybean mean grain yield of 0.56, 0.48, and 0.43 t/ha obtained with TGX 1448-2E, TGX 1440-1E, and TGX 1740-2F respectively were similar but higher than 0.22 t/ha obtained with TGX 1019-2 EB. Soybean in the cropping system ensured large qualities of nutrients in the legume haulms. Soybean variety TGX 1448 – 2E and TGX 1440 – 1E contained significantly higher nitrogen in the haulms with values of 28.52 t/ha and 25.14 t/ha respectively than TGX 1740 – 2F and TGX 1019 – 2EB which contained 12.50 t/ha and 6.03 t/ha respectively. Phosphorus, K, Ca and Mg contents of the haulms were also in the same order. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science Vol. 15 2005: 20-25
In vitro antifungal evaluation of various plant extracts against leaf blight disease of Jasminum grandiflorum caused by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler

Alternaria alternata is the wide spread pathogen causing leaf blight disease in Spanish jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum L.) an important flower crop of commerce widely grown in India. Generous spectrum of effective fungicides is in use against this pathogen. The indiscriminate use of chemical fungicides is not only expensive but also hazardous for all living organisms. With this view the study was conducted to find a bio fungicide against Alternaria alternata. Twenty-four plant extracts and four oils were screened for antifungal activity under in vitro condition. Among the tested plant oils and plants products clove extract of Allium sativum (5%) recorded the highest reduction of the mycelial growth of 100% followed by leaf extract (10%) of Datura metel (68.44%) and oil (3%) of Azadirachta indica (59.88%). The effective plant extracts and oils have potential to be developed as potent fungicides in organic farming.
Generation mean analysis for grain yield and its related traits in linseed

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate additive and dominance components including epistasis by three parameter model (joint scaling test) and gene action and genetic components by six parameter model for some quantitative and qualitative traits in linseed. The estimates of additive and dominance components through joint scaling test as well as epistasis interaction through six parameter model indicated that additive component has significant role in the expression of number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per capsule, capsule diameter and test weight indicating that transgressive segregants of these characters can be useful for improvement of these traits in segregating generations. Dominance component played a major role in controlling the expression of number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per capsule, seed yield per plant, test weight and rust disease reaction. Among epistatic gene interactions, additive x additive (i) and dominance x dominance (l) interactions effect showed significant impact in comparison to additive x dominance (j) interaction in controlling the expression of plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, capsule diameter, days to maturity, seed yield per plant, oil content, wilt disease reaction and rust disease reaction by additive x additive (i) interaction, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of capsules per plant and number of seeds per capsule by dominance x dominance (l) interaction and days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of capsules per plant, days to maturity, oil content, wilt disease reaction and rust disease reaction by additive x dominance (j) interaction.
Development of integrated pest management strategies for the management of cotton stem weevil, Pempherulus affinis (Faust)

In the present study, the effect of different Integrated Pest Management Strategies for the management of cotton stem weevil, Pempherulus affinis (Faust) was studied in cotton under field conditions at Agricultural Research Station, Kovilpatti. The incidence of stem weevil at four different dates of sowing revealed that the pre-monsoon crop (38th standard week) experienced minimum damage by stem weevil. Among the biointensive methods, application of neem cake 150 kg/ ha + carbofuran (1 kg a.i/ ha) at 10 days after sowing (DAG) reported minimum incidence of P. affinis (15.13 %) with a yield of 1102.88 kg/ ha. The cotton crop inter cropped with Cluster bean, Maize, Green gram and Field bean recorded significantly less plant mortality due to stem weevil (2.2 to 2.8 per cent). Highest cotton yield recorded with cotton crop inter cropped Cluster bean and Green gram (860 and 838 Kg/ha). Spray application of chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC at 0.3 ml/ l or clothianidin 50 WDG at 0.2 g/ l were equally effective which showed 74.54 and 60.02 per cent reduction of P. affinis over untreated check and recorded 1216.05 and 1203.35 kg/ ha cotton yield, respectively.