Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HOTS-Based Learning in Junior High Schools and Its Implication on Teachers’ Professional Development

AbstractRecently, there have been lots of trainings aimed at equipping teachers with knowledge and skills in designing HOTS-based learning and assessment, but do teachers transfer what they have acquired to the classroom appropriately? This descriptive qualitative research then seeks to reveal how HOTS-based learning conducted by teachers who have joined trainings on HOTS-based learning and assessment, and its implication toward their professional development in Junior High Schools. The subjects of the research were 3 teachers teaching English in 3 different Junior High Schools in West Sumatera. The data were obtained through interview. The results of the research indicate that the teachers have already had clear understanding on the nature of HOTS, but HOTS-based learning is not yet optimally conducted at school due to the teachers’ less capability in translating the knowledge on HOTS into practical activities. Furthermore, it is found that HOTS-based trainings and workshops offered so far seem more intended to equip teachers to design HOTS-based questions for testing purposes. Hence, the results imply that the upcoming trainings or workshop provided for the teachers should balance the needs for assessment and the needs for learning materials and activities. They should also be strengthened with coaching programs to help the teachers correctly apply what they have acquired, especially in designing materials and learning activities. AbstrakBelakangan ini banyak pelatihan yang ditujukan untuk membekali guru dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam merancang pembelajaran dan penilaian berbasis HOTS, tetapi apakah guru sudah mengaplikasikan apa yang telah mereka peroleh di kelas dengan tepat? Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana pembelajaran berbasis HOTS dilakukan oleh guru yang telah mengikuti pelatihan pembelajaran dan asesmen berbasis HOTS, serta implikasinya terhadap pengembangan profesional mereka di SMP. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 3 guru yang mengajar bahasa Inggris di 3 SMP yang berbeda di Sumatera Barat. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru sudah memiliki pemahaman yang baik mengenai hakikat HOTS, namun pembelajaran berbasis HOTS belum optimal dilakukan di sekolah karena guru kurang mampu menerjemahkan pengetahuan tentang HOTS ke dalam kegiatan praktik. Lebih lanjut, ditemukan bahwa pelatihan dan lokakarya berbasis HOTS yang ditawarkan selama ini tampaknya lebih ditujukan untuk membekali para guru dalam merancang soal-soal ujian berbasis HOTS. Hasil ini menyiratkan bahwa pelatihan atau lokakarya yang akan datang yang disediakan untuk para guru harus menyeimbangkan kebutuhan asesmen dengan kebutuhan materi dan kegiatan pembelajaran. Mereka juga harus diperkuat dengan program pendampingan untuk membantu para guru menerapkan dengan benar apa yang telah mereka peroleh, terutama dalam merancang materi dan kegiatan pembelajaran.
X-RAY AND RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF THE MASSIVE STAR-FORMING REGION IRAS 20126+4104

We present results from Chandra ACIS-I and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array 6 cm continuum observations of the IRAS 20126+4104 massive star-forming region. We detect 150 X-ray sources within the 17′ × 17′ ACIS-I field, and a total of 13 radio sources within the 9. ′2 primary beam at 4.9 GHz. Among these observtions are the first 6 cm detections of the central sources reported by Hofner et al., namely, I20N1, I20S, and I20var. A new variable radio source is also reported. Searching the 2MASS archive, we identified 88 near-infrared (NIR) counterparts to the X-ray sources. Only four of the X-ray sources had 6 cm counterparts. Based on an NIR color–color analysis and on the Besançon simulation of Galactic stellar populations, we estimate that approximately 80 X-ray sources are associated with this massive star-forming region. We detect an increasing surface density of X-ray sources toward the massive protostar and infer the presence of a cluster of at least 43 young stellar objects within a distance of 1.2 pc from the massive protostar.
ELLIPTICAL-WEIGHTED HOLICs FOR WEAK LENSING SHEAR MEASUREMENT. II. POINT-SPREAD FUNCTION CORRECTION AND APPLICATION TO A370

We developed a new method (E-HOLICs) of estimating gravitational shear by adopting an elliptical weight function to measure background galaxy images in our previous paper. Following the previous paper, in which an isotropic point-spread function (PSF) correction is calculated, in this paper we consider an anisotropic PSF correction in order to apply E-HOLICs to real data. As an example, E-HOLICs is applied to Subaru data of the massive and compact galaxy cluster A370 and is able to detect double peaks in the central region of the cluster consistent with the analysis of strong lensing. We also study the systematic error in E-HOLICs using STEP2 simulation. In particular, we consider the dependences of the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of background galaxies in the shear estimation. Although E-HOLICs does improve the systematic error due to the ellipticity dependence as shown in Paper I, a systematic error due to the S/N dependence remains, namely, E-HOLICs underestimates shear when background galaxies with low S/N objects are used. We discuss a possible improvement of the S/N dependence.
Studies in the Glossopteris flora of India - 44. Aniganj plant Megafossils and Microspores from Auranga Coalfield, Bihar

Eleven species of Glossopteris, viz., G. communis, G. sp. cf. G. nidpurensis, G. divergens, G. retifera, G. browniana, G. stricta, G. decipiens, G. fusa. G. sp. , G. conspicua, G. leptoneura and scale leaves have been described in detail. The miospore assemblage (18 genera & 36 species) is dominated by striate-disaccates and triletes alongwith a good percentage of Densipollenites. Three species, Faunipoilenites multistriatus, Striatopodocarpites haploxylonoides and Striatites obliquus are new.
Characterization of the Schottky barrier in SrRuO3∕Nb:SrTiO3 junctions

Internal photoemission spectroscopy was used to determine the Schottky barrier height in rectifying SrRuO3∕Nb-doped SrTiO3 junctions for 0.01 and 0.5wt% Nb concentrations. Good agreement was obtained with the barrier height deduced from capacitance-voltage measurements, provided that a model of the nonlinear permittivity of SrTiO3 was incorporated in extrapolating the built-in potential, particularly for high Nb concentrations. Given the generic polarizability of perovskites under internal/external electric fields, internal photoemission provides a valuable independent probe of the interface electronic structure.
A JVLA 10~degree^2 deep survey

(Abridged)One of the fundamental challenges for astrophysics in the 21st century is finding a way to untangle the physical processes that govern galaxy formation and evolution. Given the importance and scope of this problem, the multi-wavelength astronomical community has used the past decade to build up a wealth of information over specific extragalactic deep fields to address key questions in galaxy formation and evolution. These fields generally cover at least 10square degrees to facilitate the investigation of the rarest, typically most massive, galaxies and AGN. Furthermore, such areal coverage allows the environments to be fully accounted for, thereby linking the single halo to the two-halo terms in the halo occupation distribution. Surveys at radio wavelengths have begun to lag behind those at other wavelengths, especially in this medium-deep survey tier. However, the survey speed offered by the JVLA means that we can now reach a point where we can begin to obtain commensurate data at radio wavelengths to those which already exists from the X-ray through to the far-infrared over ~10 square degrees. We therefore present the case for a 10 square degree survey to 1.5uJy at L-band in A or B Array, requiring ~4000 hours to provide census of star-formation and AGN-accretion activity in the Universe. For example, the observations will allow galaxies forming stars at 10Msolar/yr to be detected out to z~1 and luminous infrared galaxies (1000Msolar/yr to be found out to z~6. Furthermore, the survey area ensures that we will have enough cosmic volume to find these rare sources at all epochs. The bandwidth will allow us to determine the polarisation properties galaxies in the high-redshift Universe as a function of stellar mass, morphology and redshift.
From Prison to Entrepreneurship: Can Entrepreneurship be a Reentry Strategy for Justice-Impacted Individuals?

Justice-impacted people face significant obstacles to employment. This article explores an alternative pathway for these individuals to find work and income: entrepreneurship. While anecdotal evidence suggests that entrepreneurship is common among people with criminal histories, it remains both theoretically and empirically underexamined. I conduct a synthesis of recent research to assess the viability of entrepreneurship as a path to reintegration for returning citizens. I highlight findings on the prevalence of entrepreneurial entry, the underlying mechanism behind entrepreneurship, the economic and social consequences of entrepreneurship, and the barriers and challenges that reentering entrepreneurs face. Finally, I draw attention to key policy implications and suggest new initiatives that can help enhance the viability of entrepreneurship as a reentry strategy for justice-involved individuals.
Himalaya: Geological aspect

In the present communication a generalized account of geology of the Himalaya has been discussed. This communication is rather an exercise for a beginning which should not be treated as a research note but a simplified version, taken from different published notes. Himalaya is beautiful but environmentally fragile, youngest mountain belt, prone to ecological unstability, intense seismicity but dotted with diverse mineral wealth of both non-renewable and renewable types. Hence, it is still an enigma to understand the mystery of Himalaya.
Correlation between Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness and Hyperglycemia in Critically Ill Geriatric Patients

Background: the incidence of ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW) is rising from 25 to 31% worldwide, with 3.25–6.2 million new patients annually. This may be due to the ageing process and the intensive care units (ICUs) stay. Objective: To determine the correlation between ICU-acquired weakness and hyperglycemia in critically ill geriatric patients. Design: A descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. The study was conducted at six intensive care units from Smouha university hospital and Alexandria main university hospital in Egypt. Tools: Two tools were used, tool one was patients’ clinical and demographic data. Tool two was patients Simplified Medical Research Council (SMRC) Scale . Sample : A purposeful sample of four hundreds and ninety newly admitted geriatric patients, aged > 60 years, Glasgow Coma Scale >9, oxygen saturation ≥88%, no brain stem problems, spinal cord lesions, myasthenia gravis or Guillain-Barre syndrome were included at this study. Results: the study showed that 37.1 % of geriatric patients had ICU-acquired weakness, 57% had hyperglycemia, and 33.7% of them had both ICU-acquired weakness and hyperglycemia. There was a highly statistically significant correlation (p=0.008) between the acquired muscle weakness and hyperglycemia among the geriatric patients. Conclusion: A significant correlation was found between ICUAW and hyperglycemia among critically ill geriatric patients. Recommendation s: Health education program should be offered to the critical care nurses who are working with critically ill geriatric patients to foster early detection of ICU-acquired weakness, and control of hyperglycemia.
Uncanny Valley Effects on Chatbot Trust, Purchase Intention, and Adoption Intention in the Context of E-Commerce: The Moderating Role of Avatar Familiarity

Abstract This study investigates the effect of chatbot humanization on the perception of eeriness, trust, and users’ behavioral intention. Specifically, this study employed a 2 (humanization of chatbot agent avatar: hyperrealistic-animated vs. cartoonish-still) × 2 (avatar familiarity: celebrity avatar vs. non-celebrity avatar) between-subjects experiment (N = 185), in which participants were asked to purchase a laptop from an e-commerce vendor by interacting with a chatbot agent. Based on predictions from the uncanny valley effect hypothesis (UVE), enhancing the human likeness of a chatbot agent through visual realism and animacy was predicted to negatively influence users’ trust in the chatbot agent and behavioral intention as a consequence of the activation of a negative affective state (i.e., a feeling of eeriness). Consistent with our predictions, the results from PLS-SEM showed that (a) enhancing the human likeness of a chatbot agent significantly increased users’ feeling of eeriness, (b) the feeling of eeriness negatively influenced users’ trust in the chatbot agent, c) trust, determined by the feeling of eeriness, significantly affected users’ purchase intention and willingness to reuse the chatbot, and d) the relationship between humanization and eeriness significantly moderated by the familiarity of the chatbot avatar. We discuss the theoretical implications of the current study on UVE as well as its practical implications for the implementation of anthropomorphized chatbot agents in the e-commerce context.
Effect of nonlocal transverse mixing on river flows dispersion: A numerical study

A series of Lagrangian numerical simulations is performed to examine the dispersion process in open channel flows and to explain through a simple conceptual model its systematic deviations from the ideal long‐term one‐dimensional regime even in the case of straight axis and fixed impervious bed. The starting point is represented by a suitably depth‐averaged transport equation, with generally nonlocal turbulent mixing, solved in terms of particles trajectories and their first‐ and second‐order moments. Input data refer to six rivers of southern Italy, for which the irregular section morphology is known from a field survey. As the governing equation predicts, and according to experimental observations, in the case of variable cross‐sectional diffusion the tracer cloud exhibits a permanent and asymmetric peripheral drift toward the shallow boundary zones, with a remarkable deceleration along the main flow direction. Longitudinal inertia moments tend to become linear after a period equal to twice the single river diffusive time and sometimes show an early anomalous change of slope. Transverse inertia moments experience an initial very fast increment as compared to the theoretical value corresponding to the uniform transverse concentration and, after a peak, tend to stabilize about a smaller constant. Centrifugal moments remain, in any case, relatively limited, indicating that longitudinal and transverse axes practically identify with the plume principal directions, no matter how irregular and asymmetric the river section is.
Captive Market Pricing and Lack of Transportation: A Survey of Undergraduate Food Insecurity at a Public University in New England

Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of food insecurity among college students and its relationship to on-campus food purchasing patterns and barriers to eating a healthy and sufficient diet, including the relative cost of food items on campus compared to national chain grocery stores. Design A campus-wide survey using stratified sampling among undergraduates and food audit. Setting An urban public university in New England. Subjects A total of 951 surveys completed by undergraduates. Measures Demographic characteristics, behavioral factors and food security status (measured using the USDA 6-item short form) were collected. Method Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted to describe differences between food insecure and food secure undergraduates. Results Overall, 35% of undergraduates experienced food insecurity in the past year (response rate = 92%). Food insecure undergraduates had different on-campus purchasing patterns than their food secure counterparts. Food insecure students were more likely to report barriers to healthy eating on all measures, including prices (AOR= 8.12, P < .0001), to experience housing insecurity (AOR= 2.64, P = .001) and to report that transportation is a barrier to buying groceries (AOR= 1.63, P = .01). After multivariable adjustment, food insecure undergraduates had higher odds of being African American (AOR= 1.57, P = .031) or other races (more than 1 race) (AOR= 3.35, P = .002) compared to white undergraduates. Conclusions Food insecure college students face a variety of barriers to healthy eating on campus, including high food pricing on campus and limited transportation options. Further research is needed to inform campus resource development, policies and programming focused on food insecurity prevention for college students.
Spacetime invariants and their uses

There are various types of global and local spacetime invariant in general relativity. Here I focus on the local invariants obtainable from the curvature tensor and its derivatives. The number of such invariants at each order of differentiation that are algebraically independent will be discussed. There is no universally valid choice of a minimal set. The number in a complete set will also be discussed. The invariants can then be used to characterize solutions of the Einstein equations (locally), to test apparently distinct solutions for equivalence, and to construct solutions. Other applications concern limits of families of spacetimes, and the characterization of horizons and singularities. Further uses are briefly mentioned.
Silent Lupus Nephritis: Renal Histopathological Profile and Early Detection with Urinary Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1

Objective Lupus nephritis (LN) affects almost half of all individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Overt LN (OLN) symptoms might vary from asymptomatic microscopic hematuria to renal failure. However, when there are no clinical or laboratory indicators of renal involvement, some people with silent LN (SLN) may have pathological evidence of renal involvement identified by renal biopsy. Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP-1) is a chemotactic factor that promotes leukocyte migration to the kidney. MCP-1 urine levels (uMCP-1) have been demonstrated to be high in individuals with active LN. The purpose of this study was to discover the occurrence of SLN, as well as the possible variations between overt LN (OLN) and SLN across SLE patients based on the histopathological assessment, as well as the role of uMCP-1 in the early detection of SLN. Methods An overall of 144 patients with SLE were included in the current research. Patients were subsequently divided into two groups: individuals who did not have clinical evidence of LN (84 patients) and those with OLN (60 patients). All the patients were subjected to the following investigations: uMCP-1, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), complement C3 (C3), complement C4 (C4), creatinine, albumin/creatinine ratio (uACR), creatinine clearance, quantitative assessment of proteinuria by 24-hour urine proteinuria (24hr UP) and percutaneous renal biopsy. Results Sixty patients from group I (71.4%) showed glomerular lesions on renal biopsy (SLN), and class II was the predominant class. uMCP-1 had a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specificity of 98% in the detection of SLN, and uMCP-1 values were markedly higher in patients with OLN in comparison to SLN. Conclusion The actual frequency of SLN may be higher than expected. High levels of uMCP-1 may have warranted the early activity of LN. uMCP-1 can be used as a non-invasive, useful tool for the prediction of LN.
Evaluation of Surface Roughness Parameters of HDF for Finishing under Industrial Conditions

One of the most important properties of the surface of wood-based panels is their roughness. This property determines the way of working with the material in the processes of gluing and surface varnishing. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various sanding belt configurations and the feeding speed of the conveyor belt during grinding on the surface roughness of high-density fiberboards (HDF). The research material was prepared under industrial conditions. Three types of boards were selected for the tests. After grinding, the roughness parameters were measured both transversely and longitudinally relative to the grinding direction, using a Mitutoyo SJ-210 profilometer and the optical method. Based on ANOVA analysis of the data, it was found that the type of HDF boards used and the configuration of the abrasive belts had a statistically significant impact on the roughness. The samples for which the grinding process was performed with sanding belts of the highest grain size had the lowest roughness. For the amplitude roughness parameters, the direction of roughness measurement had a significant influence. These results may provide valuable guidance for the furniture industry in the preparation of HDF for furniture production.
Effectiveness of Booster Doses of the SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine KCONVAC against the Mutant Strains

As the COVID-19 epidemic progresses with the emergence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants, it is important to know the effectiveness of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines against the variants. To maximize efficiency, a third boost injection of the high-dose SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine KCONVAC was selected for investigation. In addition to the ancestral strain, KCONVAC boost vaccination induced neutralizing antibodies and antigen-specific CD8 T cells to recognize several variants, including B.1. 617.2 (Delta), B.1. 1.529 (Omicron), B.1. 1.7 (Alpha), B.1. 351 (Beta), P.3, B.1. 526.1 (Lota), B.1. 526.2, B.1. 618, and B.1. 617.3. Both humoral and cellular immunity against variants were lower than those of ancestral variants but continued to increase from day 0 to day 7 to day 50 after boost vaccination. Fifty days post-boost, the KCONVAC-vaccinated CD8 T-cell level reached 1.23-, 2.59-, 2.53-, and 1.01-fold that of convalescents against ancestral, Delta, Omicron and other SARS-CoV-2 variants, respectively. Our data demonstrate the importance of KCONVAC boosters to broaden both humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants.