Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development, verification and experimental analysis of high-fidelity mathematical models for control moment gyros

Abstract : In the operation of CMGs there exists a concept called ? back drive,? which represents a case where the coupling effects of the angular velocity of the body and the angular momentum of the CMG overwhelm the input torque and result in a lack of control. This effect is known but not well documented or studied in the literature. Starting from first principles, this thesis derives the full nonlinear dynamical equations for CMGs. These equations contain significantly more terms than are found in the literature. As a means to understand the implications of these terms, a reduced order model is derived. The full and reduced models are then validated by means of extensive simulations. Finally, experimental verification of the models confirms the finding that the reduced order model provides a reasonably high fidelity for dynamics.
Comparison of health behaviors of adult women in Korea before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: secondary analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020

Purpose This study investigated the changes in the health-related behaviors of adult women in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods Data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2020) were analyzed. The participants were 4,848 women aged 19 to 64 years in 2019 and 2020. Data analysis using the complex sampling design was performed using SPSS 20.1. Results Positive changes during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic in Korean adult women were found for improved subjective oral health perceptions (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; p<.001), increased moderate-intensity exercise in work and leisure activities (OR, 1.75; p<.001 and OR; 1.29, p=.004), and a decrease in secondhand smoke exposure at the workplace and in public places (OR, 0.64; p=.004 and OR, 0.60; p<.001). However, the following negative health behavior changes were found: decreased frequency of walking 5 days a week (OR, 0.81; p=.011) and an increase in unhealthy daytime sleep durations (OR, 1.40; p=006). Conclusion Compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic, Korean adult women perceived their subjective dental health more positively during the COVID-19 pandemic, decreased their exposure to secondhand smoke at work and in public places, decreased walking, and increased sleep duration during the week. Since this study only compared data between 1 year before and after the start of the pandemic, it is necessary to investigate a longer period of time in the future. A future study should attempt to identify the factors related to changes in health behaviors caused by the pandemic.
Association of Metabolic Signatures with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Pediatric Population

Several adult omics studies have been conducted to understand the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the histological features of children are different from those of adults, and the onset and progression of pediatric NAFLD are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the metabolome profile and metabolic pathway changes associated with pediatric NAFLD to elucidate its pathophysiology and to develop machine learning-based NAFLD diagnostic models. We analyzed the metabolic profiles of healthy control, lean NAFLD, overweight control, and overweight NAFLD groups of children and adolescent participants (N = 165) by assessing plasma samples. Additionally, we constructed diagnostic models by applying three machine learning methods (ElasticNet, random forest, and XGBoost) and multiple logistic regression by using NAFLD-specific metabolic features, genetic variants, and clinical data. We identified 18 NAFLD-specific metabolic features and metabolic changes in lipid, glutathione-related amino acid, and branched-chain amino acid metabolism by comparing the control and NAFLD groups in the overweight pediatric population. Additionally, we successfully developed and cross-validated diagnostic models that showed excellent diagnostic performance (ElasticNet and random forest model: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.95). Metabolome changes in the plasma of pediatric patients with NAFLD are associated with the pathophysiology of the disease and can be utilized as a less-invasive approach to diagnosing the disease.
Response to Anti-PD1/L1 Antibodies in Advanced Urothelial Cancer in the ‘Real-Life’ Setting

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are now the standard of care for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients. Our aim was to describe the activity of ICIs in mUC and find the clinical parameters associated with response. This is a retrospective, single-center chart review of mUC patients receiving ICIs. The overall survival (OS) was plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method and was compared using a log-rank test. Associations between the variables and responses were analyzed by univariate and multivariable analyses, using either logistic regression or a Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test. Ninety-four patients received ICIs, 85% of which were in the second line or beyond; the median age was 71.8 years, and 82% were men. Six (6.4%), 11 (11.7%), 7 (7.4%) and 70 (74.5%) patients achieved a complete response (CR), partial response (PR), mixed response/stable disease (M/SD) or progressive disease (PD), respectively. The median overall survival was 3.2 months for the entire cohort and was significantly different according to the response pattern—not reached, 32.3, 6.4 and 2.0 months for CR, PR, M/SD and PD, respectively. The response was not significantly associated with the line of treatment. ‘Site of metastasis’ was associated with the response, and the absolute neutrophil count was borderline associated with the response. In summary, we found a substantial variance in the potential benefit from ICIs in mUC, emphasizing the need for predictive biomarkers and frequent monitoring of mUC patients receiving ICIs.
Complete Mitogenomes of Polypedates Tree Frogs Unveil Gene Rearrangement and Concerted Evolution within Rhacophoridae

Simple Summary Duplicated control regions have been reported several times in the tree frog family Rhacophoridae, and previous studies have mostly relied on sequence analysis to reconstruct their evolution. This is the first study to employ a phylogenetic method to demonstrate the existence of concerted and parallel evolution succinctly and intuitively in the duplicated control regions of the family Rhacophoridae. Phylogenetic relationships were also used to illustrate the parallel evolution of ATP8 loss of function in the genus Polypedates. In general, this study elucidated the evolutionary patterns and pathways of mitochondrial gene rearrangement of the family Rhacophoridae from a phylogenetic perspective, which aids in understanding the evolutionary history of this fascinating tree frog taxon from a molecular evolution standpoint. Abstract New developments in sequencing technology and nucleotide analysis have allowed us to make great advances in reconstructing anuran phylogeny. As a clade of representative amphibians that have radiated from aquatic to arboreal habitats, our understanding of the systematic status and molecular biology of rhacophorid tree frogs is still limited. We determined two new mitogenomes for the genus Polypedates (Rhacophoridae): P. impresus and P. mutus. We conducted comparative and phylogenetic analyses using our data and seven other rhacophorid mitogenomes. The mitogenomes of the genera Polypedates, Buergeria, and Zhangixalus were almost identical, except that the ATP8 gene in Polypedates had become a non-coding region; Buergeria maintained the legacy “LTPF” tRNA gene cluster compared to the novel “TLPF” order in the other two genera; and B. buergeri and Z. dennysi had no control region (CR) duplication. The resulting phylogenetic relationship supporting the above gene rearrangement pathway suggested parallel evolution of ATP8 gene loss of function (LoF) in Polypedates and CR duplication with concerted evolution of paralogous CRs in rhacophorids. Finally, conflicting topologies in the phylograms of 185 species reflected the advantages of phylogenetic analyses using multiple loci.
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Breast Phantoms With 3D-Printed Anatomical Structure for Microwave Imaging of Breast Cancer

In this study, various breast phantom (BP) models for microwave breast imaging (MBI) are investigated and the creation and assessment of designed models are presented. Symmetrical and asymmetrical BP models have been constructed. based on 3D printed structures stuffed with various mixed material combinations that roles various breast tissue layers (skin, healthy fat tissue, glandular tissue, heterogeneous mix tissue, and tumor tissue) in terms of permittivity over the ultra-wide band frequency (3.1–10.6GHz) range. However, the main issue in making such phantoms is coming up with adequate material mixes that mimic those characteristics across the frequency band, as well as creating the phantom with realistic approach. The complex dielectric characteristics are tested after fabrication with a dielectric probe kit coupled to a VNA. Then, the measured complex dielectric properties are compared to the real human breast dielectric values. The symmetrical and asymmetrical phantoms’ integrated structure allows the tumor and BPs to be dynamically combined to provide a test setup based on MBI technologies. Once the breast phantom has been produced, antenna arrays are positioned around it to collect scattering parameter data for tumor characterization. Finally, the extracted feature data was used to reconstruct the image in order to find the undesirable tumor component within the breast phantom using an imaging algorithm.
Morphological and anatomical study of some plant species belonging to different families in the Bab Al-Moadham area

The current study included a comparative morphological and anatomical study of leaf epidermal cells with cross-sections of stems and peduncles of different types of plant species belonging to different families. The study included six species: Capparis spinosa, Lantana camara, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Hosta Venusta, Rumex vesic . The formal anatomical study of these species is very important to distinguish between them, as samples of the study were collected from the Bab al-Moadham area in Baghdad. And the diagnosis of species within the same family, and this research included pictures of field samples collected from different and multiple sites within Baghdad and some of its surrounding areas, and included many pictures of the sections that were studied for the different plant organs as well as many tables, and the results of this anatomical study were discussed, especially what is Related to the environment of these species. In this research, the phenotypic and anatomical characteristics of three species belonging to different families were studied: the oleander belonging to the family Oleander, the Nabek belonging to the Sidra family, and the caper belonging to the Qabar family. The six species were compared morphologically and anatomically.
Funciones con derivadas sucesivas grandes y pequeñas por doquier

In this paper we show that, given two double sequences of positive real numbers, $\alpha$ and $\beta$, the subset of all functions defined on an open real set which have big derivatives and small ones with respect to $\alpha$ and $\beta$, at every point, is residual in $\mathcal{C}^\infty$. As a corollary, we derive that Baire-almost every function of $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ has null radius of convergence at each point.
Six Decades of Thermal Change in a Pristine Lake Situated North of the Arctic Circle

The majority of lake temperature studies have investigated climate‐induced changes occurring at the lake surface, primarily by analyzing detailed satellite images of surface water temperature. Whilst essential to observe long‐term change, satellite images do not provide information on the thermal environment at depth, thus limiting our understanding of lake thermal responses to a warming world. Long‐term in situ observational data can fill some of the information gap, with depth‐resolved field measurements providing a detailed view of thermal change throughout the water column. However, many previous studies that have investigated multi‐decadal changes in lake temperature, both at the surface and at depth, have typically focused on north temperate lakes. Relatively few studies have investigated temperature variations in lakes situated north of the Arctic Circle, which is one of the most rapidly warming regions on Earth. Here, using a 60‐year (1961–2020) observational data set of summer water temperature (July–September) from Lake Inari (Finland), we investigate changes in the thermal environment of this pristine lake. Our analysis suggests a statistically significant summer warming trend at the lake surface (+0.25°C decade−1, p‐value <0.1), whilst deepwater temperatures remain largely unchanged. This contrasting thermal response of surface and bottom water temperature to climatic warming has likewise resulted in a strengthening of summer stratification in this high latitude lake. Implications of the observed change in both temperature and stratification on the lake ecosystem will likely be extensive, including impacts on aquatic organisms which this lake supports. Our work builds on the ever‐growing literature regarding lake thermal responses to climate change.
Is There a Missing Link? Exploring the Effects of Institutional Pressures on Environmental Performance in the Chinese Construction Industry

Although institutional pressures have huge strategic implications for organizational activities, this certainly does not mean that organizations under institutional pressures can improve environmental performance automatically. Institutional pressures are critical but not sufficient to affect environmental performance directly. Therefore, additional research is needed to explore the missing link between institutional pressures and environmental performance. Based on the “pressure-response-performance” framework, this study integrates perspectives of institutional theory and organizational learning to argue the mediating role of organizational learning in the relationship between institutional pressures and environmental performance. Data were collected via 268 valid questionnaires from construction firms located in Shanxi Province in central China. Hypotheses in the conceptual model were tested with structural equation modeling. Empirical results reveal that both coercive and mimetic pressures have significantly positive effects on organizational learning, whereas normative pressures have a non-significant effect on organizational learning. Besides that, organizational learning has a significantly positive effect on environmental performance. In addition, organizational learning partially mediates the relationship between coercive pressures and environmental performance and completely mediates the relationship between mimetic pressures and environmental performance. By exploring the mediating role of organizational learning, the article uncovers the missing link in the relationship between institutional pressures and environmental performance.
RIP and OSPF Routing Protocol Analysis on Defined Network Software

In building a network, routing technology is needed to connect between networks. Software-Defined Network (SDN) is a network paradigm where the control plane is separate from the data plane, making it easier for us to configure on the control plane side, so in this research, a simulation is carried out to determine the performance of OSPF and RIP routing protocols on a small-scale SDN network using an emulator mininet and POX controller. The results of performance testing of RIP and OSPF routing implementations on SDN networks show that the value of service quality with a total of 128Kbps packets on RIP is 1.05Mbps throughput, 0.361ms delay, 0.0118ms jitter, and 0% packet loss. OSPF simulation includes 1.05 Mbps throughput, 0.06708ms delay, 0.0349ms jitter, and 0% packet loss. The results of comparing SDN simulation performance with OSPF routing and RIP routing in service quality prove that RIP is superior to OSPF for jitter parameters. At the same time, OSPF is better than RIP in delay parameters. Simulations were also carried out with the addition of traffic loads with several traffic capacities; from this result, the RIP protocol was better for packet loss and jitter parameters, while for OSPF throughput parameters, it was better. For the delay parameter, OSFP is better for heavy traffic.
Development of a carbon accumulation model for estimating the concentration of 14C in Japanese radish

ABSTRACT Atmospheric 14C released from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants can accumulate in crop plants. Japanese radish (daikon) is a major crop plant in the area surrounding the Japan’s first commercial nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in Rokkasho. We previously developed a dynamic two-compartment model for 14C accumulation in the leaves and roots of Japanese radish. This model was constructed using measured data obtained under controlled experimental conditions in a growth chamber; however, it was not capable of simulating plant carbon accumulation in actual fields resulting from photosynthesis and respiration under fluctuating environments. In order to apply our previous model to actual fields, the present study aims to modify the model by incorporating the environmental responses of photosynthesis and respiration. The modified model was validated with observed temporal changes in the carbon inventories of the leaves and roots of Japanese radish in the field. The model estimates were found to be in relatively good agreement with the observed data. In addition, our modified model provides reasonable simulation results for 14C accumulation in Japanese radish exposed to 14CO2 at different growth stages. The results of this study indicate that our modified model could contribute to the estimation of 14C accumulation in Japanese radish under field conditions. Graphical Abstract
Transition to emerging adulthood during the COVID-19 pandemic: Changes in anxiety and the role of inclusion/exclusion experiences

ABSTRACT The study investigated a developmentally sensitive group, emerging adults going through a critical post-secondary educational transition in tandem with the first wave of the COVID pandemic in Finland. The participants (n = 330) were surveyed initially during their first year in secondary education, and again during the pandemic, right after their graduation in summer 2020. According to latent change score models, there was a small mean level increase in anxiety but interestingly, the increase was stronger among individuals with fewer prior anxiety symptoms and fewer prior experiences of loneliness. However, during-pandemic experiences of social inclusion and living with parents were protective against an increase in anxiety symptoms. Findings from this longitudinal study add to the understanding of the complexity of the COVID impact on mental health and the intertwined dynamics of social relations and mental well-being among emerging adults.
A piecewise Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model construction and relaxation of stability conditions

We present a piecewise Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model and its stability analysis via a piecewise fuzzy Lyapunov function. A key feature of avoiding conservatism is that the piecewise fuzzy Lyapunov function mirrors the known structure of a piecewise Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. In addition, to construct a piecewise Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model from given nonlinear dynamics, we employ the so-called piecewise sector nonlinearity concept which is a new extensive idea for the global or semi-global sector nonlinearity concept. An example illustrates the effectiveness of our approach.
Genomic Characterization of a Clinical Listeria monocytogenes ST1 Isolate Recovered from the Blood Sample of a Woman with Third Trimester Stillbirth

Background Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne gram-positive bacterium which causes adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, the genomic and phylogenetic characteristics of a L. monocytogenes isolate obtained from blood sample of a third trimester pregnant woman with stillbirth are investigated. Methods Whole genome DNA of L. monocytogenes ST1 was sequenced with HiSeq X Ten platform. The NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline was used to annotate the genome sequence. The sequence type (ST) and antimicrobial resistance genes were then identified. The core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis with other closely related L. monocytogenes stored in the NCBI GenBank database was performed using BacWGSTdb 2.0. Results The complete genome sequence of L. monocytogenes ST1 is made up of 20 contigs totaling 2,914,725 bp, with 2886 protein-coding sequences and a GC content of 37.9%. Fosfomycin [fosX], Lincosamide antibiotic [lin] and peptide antibiotic [mprF] were discovered as antimicrobial resistance genes. In silico serogroup typing prediction revealed that L. monocytogenes ST1 belonged to serotype IVb. The closest relative of L. monocytogenes ST1, obtained from Poland in 2015, differs by only 15 cgMLST alleles. Conclusion We identified a L. monocytogenes ST1 strain from blood sample of a woman with third trimester stillbirth in China. These discoveries would aid in our understanding of the genomic characteristics, mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, and epidemiological features of this pathogen.
Effects of Pine Plantation on Native Ecuadorian Páramo Vegetation

Exotic pine plantations, installed mainly for timber production and carbon sequestration purposes, cover an ever-expanding area of equatorial and tropical regions; however, their economic and environmental benefits are under debate due to their potential negative effects on native plant species conservation. The native understory plant species richness and cover under pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) plantations were compared with natural grasslands in the Ecuadorian Páramo. We analyzed the vegetation in four zones: Antisana (8-year-old pines), Cajas (16-year-old pines), Tisaleo (41-year-old pines) and Cotopaxi (53-year-old pines). The total understory plant cover decreased between 29% and 90% under pine plantations in all zones. The mean species richness in the pine plantations decreased by 44% in Antisana, Cajas and Tisaleo but not in Cotopaxi. Pine plantations strongly reduced the abundance of herbaceous light-demanding species (59%), except small herbs whose cover increased under pine (17.6%). Shrub cover was also negatively affected in Tisaleo and Cotopaxi (7.4%). Pine afforestation effects on Páramo vegetation depend mainly on canopy cover which changes with age and growing conditions (altitude) and secondarily on the vegetation state at the time of planting, resulting from land use history and ecological conditions. The pine effect was therefore more pronounced in the young and dense plantations of Antisana and Cajas than in the old and open stand of Cotopaxi, whose understory vegetation was more similar to that of grasslands.