Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of TARP Factor in Social Network Advertising in Brand Awareness and Purchase Intention of Sport Brands

Background. Nowadays, one of the factors affecting the social network advertising is the numbers or frequencies of sending an advertisement. Objectives. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the Target Audience Rating Point factor in social network advertising in brand awareness and purchase intention of sport brands. Methods. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on a sample of 225 sport science students at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The subjects completed the standard purchase intention and brand awareness questionnaires and the obtained data were analyzed through ANOVA, Tukey and Dunnett’s T3 tests. Results. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference among the mean scores of purchase intention and brand awareness in the three groups. In other words, the purchase intention and brand awareness were significantly higher in the group that viewed the advertisement at TARP standard level compared to two groups that viewed the advertisement more than or less than the standard TARP level. Also, the purchase intension and brand awareness levels were significantly higher in the group that viewed the advertisement more than the standard TARP level, compared to the group that viewed the advertisement less than the standard level. Conclusion. The number of advertisements sending on social networks based on the TARP phenomenon is an effective factor in brand awareness and purchase intention of sport brands. Also, increasing and decreasing the number of advertisements compared to standard TARP reduces the effect of advertising on brand awareness and purchase intention.
Sacralization in the
 Mary Rose
 and
 Kronan
 assemblages: An inconsistently recorded anomaly

This study aims to promote consistent observations of sacralization, a relatively common form of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV). Sacralization can inform on genetic affiliation. There are four types, ranging from enlarged transverse processes to bony ankylosis. Complete sacralization reportedly occurs in 1.5% – 14% of archeological and modern populations, yet clinical studies can conflate types, resulting in rates as high as 46%. Archeologically obtained sacra and lower lumbar vertebrae from two historical shipwrecks (16th century English warship Mary Rose and 17th century Swedish warship Kronan) are compared via gross observation. These semi-documented individuals, fit enough to be on a warship during battle, have a documented cause, manner, and date of death. The assemblages yield 120 sacra; complete sacralization is compared between the crews. Both crude and true prevalence of bony ankyloses are recorded with χ 2 analyses testing significance. Both samples have 16.7% true prevalence of complete sacralization, with 38.3% of Mary Rose sacra and 26.7% of Kronan sacra showing some variant of LSTV. It is possible the high rates of sacralization shown in both crews are related to the samples being drawn from similar populations: a Swedish clinical study finds a similar rate of 13.9% for “ complete ” sacralization. However, reported rates of less than 1.0% in other archeological samples suggest that true sacralization is inconsistently recognized. Finally, clinical and archeological studies either conflate all types or fail to state their diagnostic criteria, reducing the ability to accurately compare findings.
The Effect of Human Capital on CO2 Emissions: Macro Evidence from China

We study the effect of human capital on CO2 emissions using the Chinese provincial panel over the period 1997-2016. Allowing for cross-sectional dependence and structural breaks, we find a negative association between human capital and CO2 emissions in the long run and attribute it to the influences from younger workers and workers with advanced human capital. In particular, our results suggest that a one-year increase in average schooling reduces CO2 emissions by 12 per cent. Using disaggregated emission dataset by energy sources and end emitters, we demonstrate this negative association is likely to manifest through technology effect and the improvement in energy efficiency. These manifestations are limited to production sector. Our finding suggests a promising avenue for abating greenhouse gases without impeding economic growth.
Superior Sodium Sulfate Resistance of a Chemically Activated Phosphorus Slag–Based Composite Cement

AbstractThis study is devoted to durability performance of a chemically-activated phosphorus slag-based composite cement (CAPSCC) against sodium sulfate attack. For this purpose, enough mortar specimens were prepared from phosphorus slag (80% by weight), Type II portland cement (14% by weight), and a compound chemical activator (6% by weight) at water-to-cement ratio of 0.37 and exposed to 5% sodium sulfate solution after being cured. Mortar specimens of both Types II and V portland cements (PC2 and PC5) were also prepared and used as control for comparison purposes. Based on experimental test results, after 12 months of exposure to 5% sodium sulfate solution, PC2, PC5, and CAPSCC exhibited 12.7, 7.5, and 2.1% loss in compressive strength, respectively. Measurements of expansion and weight changes were also done. Advanced studies by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy were performed to characterize the products of the degradation process. All obtained results together confirmed the super.
Genomic investigation of milk production in Italian buffalo

Abstract The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of genomic selection in the Italian Mediterranean water buffalo, which is farmed mainly in the south Italy for milk, and mozzarella, production. A total of 498 animals were genotyped at 49,164 loci. Test day records (80,417) of milk (MY), fat (FY) and protein (PY) yields from 4127 cows, born between 1975 and 2009, were analysed in a three-trait model. Cows born in 2008 and 2009 with phenotypes and genotypes were selected as validation animals (n = 50). Variance components (VC) were estimated with BLUP and ssGBLUP. Heritabilities for BLUP were 0.25 ± 0.02 (MY), 0.16 ± 0.01 (FY) and 0.25 ± 0.01 (PY). Breeding values were computed using BLUP and ssGBLUP, using VC estimated from BLUP. ssGBLUP was applied in five scenarios, each with a different number of genotypes available: (A) bulls (35); (B) validation cows (50); (C) bulls and validation cows (85); (D) all genotyped cows (463); (E) all genotypes (498). Model validation was performed using the LR method: correlation, accuracy, dispersion, and bias statistics were calculated. Average correlations were 0.71 ± 0.02 and 0.82 ± 0.01 for BLUP and ssGBLUP-E, respectively. Accuracies were also higher in ssGBLUP-E (0.75 ± 0.03) compared to BLUP (0.57 ± 0.03). The best dispersions (i.e. closer to 1) were found for ssGBLUP-C. The use of genotypes only for the 35 bulls did not change the validation values compared to BLUP. Results of the present study, even if based on small number of animals, showed that the inclusion of genotypes of females can improve breeding values accuracy in the Italian Buffalo. Highlights The genotypes of males did not improve the predictions. Genotypes of females improve breeding values accuracy. Slight increase in prediction accuracy with weighted ssGBLUP.
The Potential of Albanian Tourism Sector

The aim is to develop a profile of Albania’s hotels based on a critical analysis of the attitude of foreign tourists visiting the country. COVID-19 negatively affected the Albanian tourism sector because 2,657,818 foreign citizens visited Albania in 2020, which is 41.49% less than in 2019. To investigate the potential of Albanian tourists, this study employs a quantitative analysis and a Regression Model. The results demonstrate that the tourist is a rational decision-maker and our findings indicate that there are differences in expectations and perceptions among respondents. These differences are not significantly correlated with the respondents’ gender, but in terms of education level, the differences are significant for empathy, where the respondents with a college degree have a higher level of expectations than respondents that have higher education. Our findings highlight the practical implications of research for managers of hotels because they have to take into account that tourists are very sensitive to the level of understanding of their specific needs by hotel staff. Recently, more than before pandemic COVID-19, the relationship between expectations and perceptions of tourists visiting Albania is strongly influenced by tangible elements of the touristic package.
Removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater using MFI zeolite membrane supported on inexpensive tubular ceramic substrate

A mordenite framework inverted (MFI) type zeolite membrane was produced on inexpensive tubular ceramic substrate through hydrothermal synthesis and applied for the removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater. The fabricated ceramic substrate and membrane was characterized by diverse standard techniques such as X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, porosity, water permeability and pore size measurements. The porosity of the ceramic substrate (53%) was reduced by the deposition of MFI (51%) zeolite layer. The pore size and water permeability of the membrane was evaluated as 0.272 μm and 4.43 × 10 –7 m 3 /m 2 s.kPa, respectively, which are lower than that of the substrate pore size (0.309 μm) and water permeability (5.93 × 10 –7 m 3 /m 2 s.kPa) values. To identify the effectiveness of the prepared membrane, the applied pressure of the filtration process and initial chromium concentration and cross flow rate were varied to study their influence on the permeate flux and percentage of removal. The maximum removal of chromium achieved was 78% under an applied pressure of 345 kPa and an initial feed concentration of 1,000 ppm. Finally, the efficiency of the membrane for chromium removal was assessed with other membranes reported in the literature.
Photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance of Ta3N5 microcolumn films fabricated using facile reactive sputtering

This paper presents the photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of Ta3N5 microcolumn films. The highlights include (1) overcoming the fundamental barrier of standard reactive sputtering for fabricating microcolumns; (2) preventing unnecessary complexity from complicating facile sputtering; (3) an alternative but effective approach for fabricating Ta3N5 without using caustic NH3 gases; (4) investigating morphology tuning for favorable photocatalysis and PEC reactions; and (5) elucidating the relationships of the structures, morphologies, and properties of Ta3N5 microcolumns. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selective-area electron diffraction verified the polycrystallinity of Ta3N5 microcolumns, of which the elemental compositions and stoichiometry were measured using electron-probe energy dispersive spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The corresponding band gap was determined to be approximately 2.1 eV. The sample exhibited .
Collaborative innovation and activation in urban labour markets

Policymakers in the UK, having long supported centralised and marketised models of governance and delivery in the field of labour market activation, have recently begun to acknowledge the benefits of more localised, collaborative approaches to organising public services. Evidence from other European welfare states suggests that the case in favour of localised innovation may be particularly compelling in urban labour markets, where there can be pockets of severe disadvantage, but also networks of community stakeholders better able to support collaboration and innovation through user engagement. Drawing on the conceptual and empirical literature on ‘collaborative innovation’, this article discusses an example of good practice in innovative localised activation in city labour markets (‘Making It Work’ services targeting unemployed single parents in Scotland’s two largest cities). Our analysis is based on 92 in-depth interviews with single parents and key stakeholders involved in service design and delivery. We identify benefits associated with multi-stakeholder collaborative governance, distributive leadership in programme management, and practices promoting the co-production of innovative services with single parents at the frontline. However, we also note tensions between localised services committed to innovation and empowerment, and an increasingly less interventionist but more punitive liberal welfare state. We conclude by identifying potential lessons for the governance, management and delivery of activation services in urban areas.
An Investigation of the Geometric Thinking Levels of Middle School Mathematics Preservice Teachers According to SOLO Taxonomy: "Social Distance Problems"

The aim of this study is to examine the geometric thinking levels of middle school mathematics preservice teachers regarding the problem situations regarding the concept of social distance according to the SOLO taxonomy. The research was conducted using the special case method, one of the qualitative research methods. The working group, studying at a state university in Turkey in middle school mathematics teaching department consists of 80 preservice teachers. While determining the participants, purposeful sampling method was used because the preservice teachers who took "Basics of Mathematics II" and "Special Teaching Methods II" courses were selected. In the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 preservice teachers since it was aimed to examine remarkable situations from the answers given to open-ended questions. Descriptive analysis technique was used while analyzing the data. Most of the answers given in the study were found to be below the relational geometric thinking level. As a result, it was determined that most of the answers given reflected quantitative learning. In line with this result obtained in the study, it is suggested that open-ended questions about life should be included frequently in teaching in order to reach the relational and extended abstract level answers that reflect qualitative learning.
Biological activities of Umbilicaria crustulosa (Ach.) Frey acetone extract

This paper reports for the first time the effect of an acetone extract of Umbilicaria crustulosa on the micronucleus distribution of human lympho­cytes, and on the cholinesterase activity and antioxidant activity by the cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. Additionally, the total phenolic compounds (TPC) and the antioxidant properties were estimated via DPPH, ABTS and TRP assays. Moreover, the antibacterial activity against two Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria were determined. Acetone extract of U. crustulosa at concentration of 1 and 2 µg mL-1 decreased a fre­quency of micronuclei (MN) by 10.8 and 16.8 %, respectively, acting more or slightly less than the synthetic protector amifostine (AMF, WR-2721, 11.4 %, at concentration of 1 µg mL-1). The tested extract did not inhibit cholinesterase activity nor did it exhibit activity toward the examined bacteria. The extract reduced the concentration of DPPH and ABTS radicals by 88.7 and 96.2 %, respectively. Values for total reducing power (TRP) and cupric reducing cap­acity (CUPRAC) were 0.6197±0.0166 µg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE) per mg of dry extract, and 19.7641±1.6546 µg trolox equivalents (TE) per mg of dry extract, respectively. The total phenol content was 350.4188 ±14.587 µg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per mg of dry extract. The results of the present study showed that U. crustulosa acetone extract is a promising candidate for in vivo experiments considering its antioxidant activity and protective effect on human lymphocytes.
The construction of teachers’ professional identity: An analysis of subjective learning experiences

ABSTRACT This article explores the construction of teachers’ professional identity through analysis of subjective learning experiences. In order to report on the progress of our work, we present a discourse analysis of three experiences considered to be of particular relevance by a final-year pedagogy student. The analysis yielded four important conclusions: i) The process of teachers’ professional identity construction is based on comparing and contrasting different experiences and culminates in the construction of new identity positions; ii) this process must involve experiences that call into question existing meanings of self; iii) future teachers must engage in productive dialogue with other significant actors in order to identify and recognise the value of certain positional objects; and iv) certain subjective learning experiences have a greater impact on the reconstruction of identity positions. Finally, we propose an analysis model based on subjective learning experiences for the construction of teachers’ professional identity.
Secreted therapeutics: monitoring durability of microRNA-based gene therapies in the central nervous system

Abstract The preclinical development of microRNA-based gene therapies for inherited neurodegenerative diseases is accompanied by translational challenges. Due to the inaccessibility of the brain to periodically evaluate therapy effects, accessible and reliable biomarkers indicative of dosing, durability and therapeutic efficacy in the central nervous system are very much needed. This is particularly important for viral vector-based gene therapies, in which a one-time administration results in long-term expression of active therapeutic molecules in the brain. Recently, extracellular vesicles have been identified as carriers of RNA species, including microRNAs, and proteins in all biological fluids, whilst becoming potential sources of biomarkers for diagnosis. In this study, we investigated the secretion and potential use of circulating miRNAs associated with extracellular vesicles as suitable sources to monitor the expression and durability of gene therapies in the brain. Neuronal cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells were treated with adeno-associated viral vector serotype 5 carrying an engineered microRNA targeting huntingtin or ataxin3 gene sequences, the diseases-causing genes of Huntington disease and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, respectively. After treatment, the secretion of mature engineered microRNA molecules was confirmed, with extracellular microRNA levels correlating with viral dose and cellular microRNA expression in neurons. We further investigated the detection of engineered microRNAs over time in the CSF of non-human primates after a single intrastriatal injection of adeno-associated viral vector serotype 5 carrying a huntingtin-targeting engineered microRNA. Quantifiable engineered microRNA levels enriched in extracellular vesicles were detected in the CSF up to two years after brain infusion. Altogether, these results confirm the long-term expression of adeno-associated viral vector serotype 5-delivered microRNAs and support the use of extracellular vesicle-associated microRNAs as novel translational pharmacokinetic markers in ongoing clinical trials of gene therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Governance, Environmental Vulnerability, and PM2.5 Concentrations: International Evidence

We extend the EKC framework to examine the role of governance quality and environmental vulnerability in PM2.5 concentrations using a global panel dataset of 128 countries between 2000 and 2014. The results show that governance and education reduce PM2.5 concentrations while environmental vulnerability increases the concentrations. Promoting good governance and education as well as reducing environmental vulnerability can thus contribute to cleaner air. We find qualitatively similar results for the sub-sample of high-income countries, but governance has relatively weaker or insignificant effects for the sub-samples of upper-middle-income and lower-middle-and-low-income countries. High-income countries have strong institutional frameworks that facilitate enforcement of environmental regulations, which are conducive for protecting air quality, whereas other countries have relatively weak institutional capacity. This suggests a need for substantial economic, technological, and financial support from the international community for strengthening the environmental institutional capacity of developing countries.
Principal component analysis identifies different representative match load profiles in international women’s field hockey based on playing positions. [El análisis de componentes principales identifica diferentes perfiles de rendimiento en función de las posiciones en partidos internacionales de hoc

The aim of this study was to assess the principal components (PC) of women’s field hockey players´ TL distinguishing by playing positions (i.e., back, midfielder, forward). Data were collected from sixteen players belonging to the Spanish National women’s field hockey team during 13 official matches from the European Championship, World Series, and Pre-Olympic tournament. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) grouped a total of 16 variables in five to six PC, explaining between 68.6 and 80% of the total variance. Different variables formed the PC that explain the player’s performance in different field positions. There were differences by positions in the distance covered at 21 to 24 km·h-1 (midfielders>forwards), decelerations from 5 to 4 m·s-2 (midfielders>forwards), and in maximum accelerations (midfielders>backs). Overall, strength and conditioning coaches should combine exercises which induce a high degree of aerobic endurance and power. However, some specification should be made by playing position: (1) defenders should perform training sessions with at least the same amount of volume as in the matches; (2) forwards should perform training efforts that ensure high repeated sprint ability; and (3) midfielders should perform a high training volume to develop high-intensity aerobic endurance, in combination with short-term efforts.
Four-Year Study on the Bio-Agronomic Response of Biotypes of Capparis spinosa L. on the Island of Linosa (Italy)

The caper plant is widespread in Sicily (Italy) both wild in natural habitats and as specialized crops, showing considerable morphological variation. However, although contributing to a thriving market, innovation in caper cropping is low. The aim of the study was to evaluate agronomic and production behavior of some biotypes of Capparis spinosa L. subsp. rupestris, identified on the Island of Linosa (Italy) for growing purposes. Two years and seven biotypes of the species were tested in a randomized complete block design. The main morphological and production parameters were determined. Phenological stages were also observed. Analysis of variance showed high variability between the biotypes. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis highlighted a clear distinction between biotypes based on biometric and production characteristics. Production data collected in the two-year period 2007–2008 showed the greatest production levels in the third year following planting in 2005. In particular, biotype SCP1 had the highest average value (975.47 g) of flower bud consistency. Our results permitted the identification of biotypes of interest for the introduction into new caper fields. Further research is needed in order to characterize caper biotypes in terms of the chemical composition of the flower buds and fruits.