Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 2-MHz, 6-kVA voltage-source inverter using low-profile MOSFET modules for low-temperature plasma generators

This paper presents a 2 MHz, 6-kVA voltage source inverter for low-temperature plasma generators. A new MOSFET module referred to as a "Mega Pack" is specially designed and fabricated for high-frequency high power applications. It has a low-profiled package equipped with four terminal plates. The main circuit consists of a single-phase full-bridge inverter using the four new modules. The modules' layout is characterized by the two modules forming a half-bridge which are placed back-to-back with each other. Both device and circuit designs achieve great reduction of stray inductance in the main circuit. A prototype inverter shows stable operation around frequencies as high as 2 MHz.
Characterisation of Disease Patterns of Dermatomyositis with Different Initial Manifestations

Purpose To determine the characteristics and prognoses of dermatomyositis (DM) by comparing the difference in initial symptoms. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients diagnosed with DM from 1 January 2019 to 1 January 2021. Based on the firstly presented symptoms, patients were divided into five groups, namely rash group, muscle weakness group, arthritis group, respiratory symptom group and atypical symptom group. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded. All patients were followed up until 31 May 2021. Results In total 136 DM patients, rash (40%) was the most common initial symptom, followed by respiratory symptoms (22%), arthritis (20%), muscle weakness (10%) and atypical symptoms (8%). Rash group and atypical group had a higher positive rate of anti-TIF1γ antibodies than arthritis group and respiratory symptom group (P < 0.05). Respiratory symptom and arthritis groups had a higher positive rate of anti-Ro52 antibodies than rash and muscle weakness groups (P < 0.05). Respiratory group had a higher incidence of ILD than rash and atypical groups. The FVC and DLCO in respiratory group were significantly lower than rash group, arthritis group and atypical group (P < 0.05). The survival rate of rash group was significantly higher than muscle weakness group and arthritis group (P < 0.05). Conclusion DM patients with different initial manifestations had different myositis antibodies and prognoses.
"Clinical Improvement in COVID-19 After Use of Ivermectin: A Case Series"

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues unabated worldwide, with a paucity of effective medications against the disease. Ivermectin has been shown to inhibit in-vitro replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), with several studies demonstrating clinical effectiveness. We report a case series of COVID-19 patients with rapid symptomatic improvement after commencing Ivermectin. Case Presentation: Consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted in our facility between September and November 2020 received Ivermectin plus standard of care and followed up till clinical improvement or outcome (survived or died). Nine of our patients received Ivermectin plus standard of care during this period, with significant clinical improvement noted across all categories of patients, which was noted ≤3 days after commencement in 3(37.5%) and >3 days in 5(62.5%). Eight (88.9%) of our patients survived, with 1(11.1%) death. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for local clinical trials to assess Ivermectin’s effectiveness especially in resource poor areas.
Shock Destructive Reliability Analysis of Electromagnetic MEMS Micromirror for Automotive LiDAR

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) devices are preferred sensors in the field of automatic and intelligent driving. LiDAR based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) micromirrors has gained vital attention owing to the advantages of MEMS devices. In a harsh environment, the shock reliability of micromirrors has significantly constrained automotive applications, but such studies are rarely reported. In this work, the shock destructive reliability of electromagnetic MEMS micromirror in the $z$ -direction is investigated to accelerate the commercialization of MEMS-LiDAR. The drop fall tests cover from 100 to 800 g in the $z$ -direction, and the fracture emerges at the shock level of around 700 g. To comprehensively explore the factors of shock destructive reliability, finite element and dynamic models are completed. Finite element analysis is employed to investigate the stress distribution under shock loads, and the fracture is located at the position of maximum stress. The dynamic response and peak stress with shock pulses are explored numerically by the established dynamic model. The calculated results demonstrate that the response reaches a peak when the frequency of shock is the same as the natural frequency of micromirror. The results of peak stress with varied shock levels can be utilized to quickly predict the shock resistance. This work provides a deep insight into the optimization for the design of MEMS micromirror, which may promote the applications of MEMS-based LiDAR in autonomous driving. [2021-0200]
Machine Learning Technique to Detect Radiations in the Brain

The brain of humans and other organisms is affected in various ways through the electromagnetic field (EMF) radiations generated by mobile phones and cell phone towers. Morphological variations in the brain are caused by the neurological changes due to the revelation of EMF. Cellular level analysis is used to measure and detect the effect of mobile radiations, but its utilization seems very expensive, and it is a tedious process, where its analysis requires the preparation of cell suspension. In this regard, this research article proposes optimal broadcasting learning to detect changes in brain morphology due to the revelation of EMF. Here, Drosophila melanogaster acts as a specimen under the revelation of EMF. Automatic segmentation is performed for the brain to attain the microscopic images from the prejudicial geometrical characteristics that are removed to detect the effect of revelation of EMF. The geometrical characteristics of the brain image of that is microscopic segmented are analyzed. Analysis results reveal the occurrence of several prejudicial characteristics that can be processed by machine learning techniques. The important prejudicial characteristics are given to four varieties of classifiers such as naïve Bayes, artificial neural network, support vector machine, and unsystematic forest for the classification of open or nonopen microscopic image of D. melanogaster brain. The results are attained through various experimental evaluations, and the said classifiers perform well by achieving 96.44% using the prejudicial characteristics chosen by the feature selection method. The proposed system is an optimal approach that automatically identifies the effect of revelation of EMF with minimal time complexity, where the machine learning techniques produce an effective framework for image processing.
GARCH (1,1) Models and Analysis of Stock Market Turmoil during COVID-19 Outbreak in an Emerging and Developed Economy

COVID-19 pandemic has led to uncertainties in the financial markets around the globe. The pandemic has caused volatilities in the financial market at varying magnitudes, in the emerging versus developed economy. To examine this phenomenon, this study investigates the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on stock market returns and volatility in an emerging economy, i.e., Indonesia, versus developed country, i.e., Hungary, using an event-study approach methodology utilizing GARCH (1,1) model. In this study, the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) and the b (BUX) data were obtained from Investing and Bloomberg, covering two global events observed within the selected period from 27 September 2006 to 31 August 2021. The data is compared with the stock market volatility data from the global financial crisis in 2007/08. Findings reveal that the recent COVID-19 pandemic had negative stock market returns at a greater magnitude compared to the global financial crisis, in both the emerging and developed economy’s equity market. Stock markets in Indonesia and Hungary have experienced volatility during the crisis. While comparing the result between COVID-19 and the global financial crisis, we found that the volatility on the stock markets is higher in the COVID-19 pandemic than during the global financial crisis. The higher stock market negative returns and volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic triggered the lockdown and limited economic activities, which impacted supply and demand shock. The virus’s propagation and mutation are continually evolving, reminding us that the pandemic is far from over. Developed countries with larger fiscal space seem to find it easier to make responsive policies than countries with a tighter financial budget. Fiscal and monetary policies seem to be a quick solution to stabilize the economy and maintain investor confidence in the Indonesian and Hungarian capital markets. Furthermore, the extension of stock market volatility understanding ensures relevant information for investors, which benefits to mitigate the risk and build sustainable investments of the unprecedented events and enables the promotion of Sustainable Development Goal number 8 (SDG8) to communities, with access to financial products including the stock market, especially during economic and financial uncertainties.
A comparative study on the value of accounting for possible relationships between decision variables when solving multi-objective problems

The cross-entropy method for multi-objective optimisation (MOO CEM) was recently introduced by Bekker & Aldrich (2010) and Bekker (2012). Results presented by both show great promise. The MOO CEM assumes that decision variables are independent. As a consequence, the question arises: under which circumstances would an algorithm that accounts for relationships between decision variables outperform the MOO CEM? Two algorithms reported to account for relationships between decision variables, the multi-objective covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (MOCMA-ES) and Pareto differential evolution (PDE), are selected for comparison. In addition, two hybrid algorithms (Hybrid 1 and Hybrid 2) based on the MOO CEM are created. These five algorithms are applied to a set of 46 continuous problems, six instances of the mission-ready resource (MRR) problem, and three instances of a dynamic, stochastic buffer allocation problem (BAP). Performance is measured using the hypervolume indicator and Mann-Whitney U-tests. One of the primary findings is that accounting for relationships between decision variables is beneficial when solving small to medium-sized problems. In these cases, the MO-CMA-ES typically outperforms the other algorithms. However, on large problems, Hybrid 1 and the MOO CEM typically perform best. iv Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Bacillus cereus as a Major Cause of Discarded Pasteurized Human Banked Milk: A Single Human Milk Bank Experience

A systematic study, performed from 2017–2020 looked at the rate of positive post-pasteurization B. cereus findings, the quantity of B. cereus in pasteurized banked human milk (PBM), and the rate of B. cereus toxicogenic isolates from PBM. During the study period, 6815.71 L (30,943 tested bottles) of PBM were tested, with an average amount per year of 1703.93 L (7736 tested bottles). The PBM discard rate per year due to bacterial contamination varied between 8.7–10.0% and contamination with B. cereus was the most frequent reason. The total number of B. cereus positive tests was 2739 and the proportion of its positivity from all positive tests was between 56.7–66.6%. The prevalence of B. cereus positive tests rose significantly in the summer months. The production of enterotoxin was found in 3 of the 20 tested samples (15.0%). The B. cereus CFU-quantities in the PBM were below 10 CFU/mL in 80% of cases (16 of 20 samples tested). The quantitative data can be used in the risk assessment of cold storage of PBM at temperatures above zero and manipulation of PBM prior to its administration.
Pulmonary specialist involvement in critical asthma in the pediatric intensive care unit: A retrospective review

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. There is a scarcity of published literature on critical asthma, considered acute asthma requiring pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. The goal of this study was to describe the clinical care of children with critical asthma admitted to a single center PICU and to determine whether pulmonary medicine consultation during admission impacted outcomes.
Enrolment motivation of accounting doctoral students: professionally qualified and non-professionally qualified accountants

ABSTRACT The gap between accounting research and practice can be bridged by academic faculty who are professionally qualified and research trained. However, accounting suffers an acute shortage of accounting doctoral graduates, especially those with a professional accounting qualification, due to a lack of enrolments. This study examines the motivation of 36 accounting doctoral students, including 13 professionally qualified and 23 non-professionally qualified, to provide insights on what makes accounting doctoral education attractive to potential doctoral applicants. Their motivation is analysed using self-determination theory (SDT), which predicts that enrolment to doctoral education is more likely with self-motivated or self-determined individuals. Motivations for enrolling for doctoral education include expectations of a career in academia, enjoyment of research or interest in the topic, status of the PhD qualification and work-life balance. Professionally qualified doctoral students were motivated to enrol because of dissatisfaction with their professional career and lack of autonomy. The paper identifies five motivations for enrolling for doctoral education not reported in the prior literature.
An analytic three-terminal band-to-band tunneling model on GIDL in MOSFET

An analytic three-terminal band-to-band tunneling current model for the gate-induced drain leakage current (GIDL) in an n-MOSFET is developed. This model considers impurity doping concentration, vertical field, lateral field, and so-induced electron momentum enhancement, as well as the surface electro-static potential in the gate-to-drain overlapped region. Based on a constant surface-potential approximation, a closed-form equation has been obtained instead of the complex integral-form in previous works. The results from this new model show good agreement with the measurement data over a wide range of gate and drain biases and device channel lengths. This work is useful for GIDL analysis in transistor design as well as in circuit simulation.
Thermal design of integrated circuit devices

An analytical solution derived by the authors (1986) for the thermal analysis of multisource, four-layer ICs has been useful in simulating device thermal properties. However, in the simulation of structures with large chip-to-heat-source size ratios, the computer program based on the exact solution requires a substantial amount of CPU time, making it impossible to carry out real-time thermal design of ICs having large numbers of small heat sources. A method is presented for the computer-aided thermal design of ICs in real time. This method uses a multiple regression technique whose input is the thermal profile due to a unit heat source over a multilayered unit structure. The profile in two dimensions is matched to an equation having several parameters. The temperature profiles of other devices having the same layered structure is computed by superposing the profile generated by the matched equation, shifted in position according to the source location and weighted by the source power. <<ETX>>
Effect of Protracted Free-Choice Chlortetracycline-Medicated Mineral for Anaplasmosis Control on Escherichia coli Chlortetracycline Resistance Profile from Pastured Beef Cattle

Anaplasmosis is an economically-significant, hemolytic, tick-borne disease of cattle caused by Anaplasma marginale which can cause clinical anemia and death. Current control options are limited, and FDA-approved antimicrobial control options do not have a defined duration of use. A practical and routinely used anaplasmosis control method involves feeding free-choice chlortetracycline (CTC)-medicated mineral to pastured cattle for several months. Constant antimicrobial use poses the risk of expediting the development and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in off-target commensal bacteria in the bovine gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this study was to determine the CTC-susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from anaplasmosis endemic beef cattle herds provided different FDA-approved free-choice CTC-medicated mineral formulations, all intended to provide cattle a dosage of 0.5 to 2.0 mg CTC/lb bodyweight per day. A closed-herd, comprised of Hereford-Angus cows, naturally endemic for anaplasmosis, were grazed in five different pastures with one herd serving as an untreated control group. The other cattle herds were randomly assigned one of four FDA-approved CTC-medicated mineral formulations (700, 5000, 6000, and 8000 g CTC/ton) labeled for “the control of active anaplasmosis” and provided their respective CTC-medicated mineral formulation for five consecutive months. Fecal samples were collected monthly from a subset of cows (n = 6 or 10) per pasture. Fecal samples were cultured for E. coli isolates and the minimal inhibitory concentration of CTC was determined. Baseline CTC-susceptibility of E. coli was variable among all treatment and control groups. The susceptibility of E. coli isolates was significantly different between study herds over the treatment period (p = 0.0037 across time and 0.009 at the final sampling time). The interaction between study herds and treatment period was not significant (p = 0.075).
Maximizing the Use of Local, Polish Susceptible Aggregates to Minimize Costs and Environmental Impacts

As part of ongoing efforts to reduce initial construction costs, the Indiana Department of Transportation sponsored research to explore the possibility of increasing the use of locally available, polish-susceptible aggregates in asphalt surface courses for moderate and high traffic volume roadway surfaces. Increasing the use of local materials could also reduce the haul distance to bring in premium, high friction aggregates from limited sources in and outside the state, which would in turn reduce fuel usage and vehicle emissions. This increased use would also benefit local economies by creating markets for underutilized resources. This paper summarizes the results of a study to investigate the effects of various quantities of local, polish-susceptible limestones blended with high friction slags and sandstone on surface friction. The study led to increased use of local aggregates and a testing procedure now implemented in Indiana to evaluate aggregates for use in asphalt surface courses.
Prevention of viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients in the era of COVID-19: a narrative review

ABSTRACT Introduction In solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, viral infections are associated with direct morbidity and mortality and may influence long-term allograft outcomes. Prevention of viral infections by vaccination, antiviral prophylaxis, and behavioral measures is therefore of paramount importance. Areas covered We searched Pubmed to select publications to review current preventive strategies against the most important viral infections in SOT recipients, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, CMV, and other herpesvirus, viral hepatitis, measles, mumps, rubella, and BK virus. Expert opinion The clinical significance of the reduced humoral response following mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in SOT recipients still needs to be better clarified, in particular with regard to the vaccines’ efficacy in preventing severe disease. Although a third dose improves immunogenicity and is already integrated into routine practice in several countries, further research is still needed to explore additional interventions. In the upcoming years, further data are expected to better delineate the role of virus-specific cell mediated immune monitoring for the prevention of CMV and potentially other viral diseases, and the role of the letermovir in the prevention of CMV in SOT recipients. Future studies including clinical endpoints will hopefully facilitate the integration of successful new influenza vaccination strategies into clinical practice.
Design of a linear macro–micro actuation stage considering vibration isolation

In microelectronics manufacturing, macro–micro actuation stages are typically applied to obtain a high-precision positioning at a high acceleration. Macro–micro actuation stage comprises a voice coil motor that achieves a high-acceleration motion and a piezoelectric stack actuator which realizes nano-positioning motion. However, high acceleration and nano-positioning are a pair of interacted contradictions. Especially, vibration generated from the high-acceleration motion is the dominating obstacle for enhancement of the nano-positioning implementation. The concentration of the article is a design of a linear macro–micro actuation stage considering vibration isolation. In particular, a floating stator system is proposed to suppress the stage’s vibration and further guarantee a higher precision positioning. Additionally, a flexure hinge mechanism connected to the voice coil motor serially is proposed to achieve a linear motion guide and preload to the piezoelectric stack actuator. The results show that the isolate vibration of the floating stator system is effective in both the time and frequency domain analysis of test. And precision positioning is also further validated experimentally through the flexure hinge mechanism and other components.
Estimation of Partial Pressure of CO2 (pCO2) Around Mount Krakatau waters, Sunda Straits, Indonesia

The study aimed to develop the formula and validation the value of oceanic carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2sea) around Krakatau Waters in the Sunda Strait using parameters such as sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), and chlorophyll-a (Chl). Using observation data from different seasons (September 2017 and April 2018) The formulation of the empirical equation by using a multivariate polynomial regression method. The results of the study show that the empirical equation for estimating the pCO2 sea is as follows: : pCO2= -472.069+1044.043x log(SST) -435.897xlog(SSS) -5.03xlog (Chl). This formula can be applied for both seasons. The results of the analysis of the T-student test and p-value showed a strong relationship between the SST parameters and pCO2 with a correlation of 0.91 then followed by salinity with a correlation of -0.82. Whereas chlorophyll-a holds a weak proportion with a correlation of 0.32. The increase in SST accelerates the solubility of CO2 from atmosphere to the sea thereby increasing CO2 sea concentration and increasing pCO2 sea. While the increase in salinity and chlorophyll-a only gives a weak effect