Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The measurement of carbon in soils using a microprocessor‐controlled resistance furnace

Abstract The determination of carbon in soils using the Leco CR‐12 resistance furnace has been investigated. The microprocessor‐ controlled furnace, and aspects of its use and performance, are described with particular attention to the routine analysis of soil materials. Some of the effects of furnace temperature, sample weight, fine grinding, ‘comparator’ setting and nature of the carbon on carbon determination and analysis time have been investigated on a range of soils. The furnace method has been compared with a wet oxidation technique and the possibility of characterization of soil carbon ‐ organic and inorganic ‐ was briefly investigated. The system was found to be well suited to soil analysis, being fast, reliable, precise and accurate as well as being easy to use.
Prediction of traumatic pericarditis in cows using some serum biochemical and enzyme parameters.

An observational study was carried out to determine the indices in serum biochemical and enzyme parameters that would be useful in predicting the early diagnosis of traumatic reticulopericarditis (TRP) in cows. Serum glucose, protein, fibrinogen, bilirubin, BHB, Ca, IP, Mg, ALT, ALP and AST were investigated in 19 TRP cows confirmed by radiography and the results were compared to 10 healthy ones in Urmia, Iran. The mean values for glucose, Ca, Mg, IP and ALT in TRP cows were lower than in healthy cows (p<0.01), while for protein (Ptn), fibrinogen, bilirubin, BHB, ALP and AST were higher than in healthy cows (p<0.01). The correlations among parameters under study revealed that glucose, electrolytes and AST showed the greatest relationships among themselves and others. The regression results showed equations among glucose, Mg, AST (R2=0.47, SE=12.1) and Ca, IP, Mg, (R2 = 0.89, SE = 0.35). Thus, it is concluded that the serum glucose and Ca concentrations could be the main indices in early diagnosis of TRP in cows. Serum glucose (mg/dl) = 50.7 – [(8.9±3.3) Mg + (.015±0.06) AST] Serum calcium (mg/dl) = 5.38 - [(0.7±0.2) IP + (0.52±0.14) Mg].
MEASUREMENT OF FETAL ABDOMINAL SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE THICKNESS BY ULTRASOUND IN PREDICTION OF BIRTH WEIGHT AT TERM PREGNANCY

Background: Assessment of fetal weight is a vital and universal part of antenatal care, not only in the management of labor and delivery but often during the management of high risk pregnancies and growth monitoring. The common methods to estimate fetal birth weight are clinical and sonographic estimation with a wide range of accuracy. Objective: To correlate fetal abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness (FASTT) measured by abdominal ultrasound at term and birth weight measured immediately after delivery and to obtain a cut-off value of FASTT to predict large and small for gestational age babies in our population at Alsayed Galal Hospital and Damanhur medical national institute (D.M.N.I). Patients and methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at Alsayed Galal Hospital and Damanhur medical national institute (D.M.N.I). A total of 200 pregnant women at term admitted to the labor ward for delivery at Alsayed Galal Hospital and D.M. N.I. between June 2019 and March 2020. Results: Of the 200 neonates of the included women, 148 (74.0%) had birth weight (2500-4000) g 14 (7.0%) had birth weight 4000 g. There was a significant positive correlation between fetal anterior abdominal wall fat thickness and birth weight. FAST was a significant predictor of Birth weight > 4000 g, as indicated by the significant large area under the curve (AUC). Conclusion: FASTT is a good indicator of birth weight. It is a better parameter for LGA than SGA. It showed a high statistically significant correlation with AC. Yet, it is less accurate than AC as an indicator of fetal macrosomia. FASTT is not affected by fetal gender and has no direct relation to the mode of delivery. FAST can be combined with weight estimation formulas as a method to increase its accuracy especially at birth weight extremities. However, a large study conducted on a wider scale of Egyptian population should be done in attempt to generate formulas for the estimation of fetal weight based on the Egyptian ethnic group and be the reference of medical practice in Egypt.
Stress development kinetics in plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited silicon nitride films

The kinetics of post-deposition irreversible tensile stress development on annealing in plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited silicon nitride films are described. Films were deposited at 150, 250, and 300 °C, and in situ stress measurements were performed during thermal cycling and annealing at various temperatures up to 500 °C and for annealing times up to 36 h. A constitutive relationship between stress development and hydrogen concentration change based on a modified first-order rate law that assumes a spread in activation energies for hydrogen reaction and exsolution is proposed and found to adequately describe stress development kinetics. The long-standing belief that stress development is generated by the evolution of bonded hydrogen is validated on comparison of film stress and hydrogen concentration, as measured by forward recoil spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. Stress development is found to be proportional to the reduction in hydrogen concentration throughout annealing with a proportio.
An Experimental Study of L2 Acquisition of Mandarin Unaccusative Verbs by English-Speaking Learners

The present study investigates the acquisition of Chinese Mandarin unacussative verbs by English-speaking L2 leaners of Chinese, in light of Universal Grammar and Interlanguage (IL) phenomenon. The results of the experiment show that there is no strong evidence for the overpassivization of Mandarin unaccusative verbs, which calls into question the claim that the overpassivization phenomenon of unaccusative verbs is universal in second language acquisition (SLA). The L2 learners in our experiment performed better with non-alternating unaccusative verbs than alternating unaccusative verbs, which might suggest that learners were probably treating the alternating unaccusative verbs in our experiment as underlyingly transitive and thus accepted the ungrammatical passivized unaccusative verbs in the Grammaticality Judgement task. This phenomenon is consistent with child’s L1 development. We attribute the overpassivization of the Chinese unaccusative verbs in our experiment to the hypothesis of non-target lexical causativization as in L2 acquisition of English.
Influence of Pulsed Electromagnetic Seed Treatment on Seed Yield in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill)

Soybean is one of the world’s most versatile and fascinating crop and is recognized as the important oil seed in the world in terms of total production and international trade. In last 30 years, soybean revolutioned and transformed into an export oriented crop. It is the single largest oilseed produced in the world. It alone contributes about 58 per cent of the global oil seed production. Today, it ranks first in oil seed production followed by rapeseed (13%), groundnut (8%) and sunflower (7%). Due to its diversified use, the global EXIM trade of soybean has been continuously increased year after year. In spite of this, the national and state productivity are low in comparison with world’s average and reasons for this low productivity are large scale cultivation under rainfed and low input conditions.
Grade Prediction Model Based on DeepCycle Neural Network Classification Algorithm

There are many factors affecting students’ grades, which make the prediction of students’ grades present high dimensional and nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, the traditional method has a large error in the prediction results, which is difficult to meet the practical needs. With the rapid development of artificial neural network (Ann), the deep cycle neural network algorithm based on Ann provides a new approach for student achievement prediction. In order to further improve the accuracy of student achievement prediction, this paper proposes a performance prediction model based on deep cycle neural network algorithm. First, principal component analysis is used for data dimensionality reduction processing of the established student writing evaluation system, and the first five principal components are extracted. Then, these principal components are taken as the input of the neural network to construct a three-layer neural network prediction model. The experimental results show that, compared with the single RBF neural network and BP neural network, the prediction model under deep cycle neural network is simple in structure, fast in convergence and 21.6% higher in prediction accuracy, which verifies the effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper.
Structure and properties of constituents in hexane extract of frankincense

Frankincense has a unique odor and is an important fragrance material for Japanese incense. The constituents of frankincense vary according to the species of tree from which the resin is derived. The aroma profile of the frankincense used in Japanese incense showed that the important odor components were diterpenes, and incensole and its derivatives. These compounds have not been previously recognized as important odor compounds, and the relative stereochemistry of the diterpenes has not been assigned. We investigated the stereochemical structures of these compounds through synthetic studies with respect to 2. Incensole epoxide was isolated as pure crystals, and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The stereochemistry of the diterpenes was assigned by synthetic methods. Incensole and incensole acetate in the hexane extracts gradually oxidized to their epoxides, although this was not observed in the isolated pure compounds. These results indicate that incensole epoxides are not primary constituents of frankincense, but secondary products.
The effect of planting, seeding and soil preparation on the regeneration success of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on drained peatlands – 10-year results

We studied the effect of regeneration (planting/seeding) and soil preparation methods (no soil preparation/scalping/mounding) on the regeneration success of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on three drained peatland Scots pine stands in northern Finland. After ten years, planting and sowing showed no differences in the total number of Scots pine seedlings (one seedling per sowing spot accepted) with the exception of the Sievi experiment. Without soil preparation the total number of Scots pine seedlings was 350–600 per ha. Scalping increased the number of Scots pine seedlings to 550–900 per ha, with the exception of seeding at Sievi. In mounded plots, with the exception of seeded plots at the Sievi site, the number of planted or seeded seedlings was 1,325–2,350 per ha. The number of crop seedlings in all the experiments and for all the soil preparation treatments reached the target of 2,000 seedlings per ha if naturally regenerated Scots pine, Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. ) or birch (Betula spp.) seedlings were accepted as such. Moose (Alces alces L.) damage in Scots pine crop seedlings ranged from 4% in Sievi to 65% in Simo. The proportion of planted or seeded Scots pines of the crop seedlings was 23% in unprepared plots, 30% in scalped plots and 75% in mounded plots. Mounding increased the share of Scots pine seedlings in the overall crop seedlings. Planted seedlings were taller than seeded seedlings. Planting in mounds gave the best overall results in terms of the number of crop seedlings and their height ten years after the treatment.
Shape-memory polymer networks from oligo(?-caprolactone)dimethacrylates

Polymer networks showing a thermally induced shape-memory effect were prepared through the crosslinking of oligo(ϵ-caprolactone)dimethacrylates under photocuring with or without an initiator. The influence of the molecular weight of the oligo(ϵ-caprolactone)dimethacrylates and the initiator concentration on the macroscopic properties of the polymer networks was investigated. The isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of the polymer networks was evaluated as a basic principle of the functionalization process. Shape-memory properties such as the strain fixity and strain recovery rate were quantified with cyclic thermomechanical tensile experiments for different maximum elongations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1369–1381, 2005
Accuracy of CBCT, Digital and Conventional Radiography in Evaluating the Shaping Performance of a Novel NiTi Rotary System ( An in Vitro Study)

Aim: This study was designed to evaluate and compare the shaping abilities of ProTaper Gold and the ProTaper Universal systems using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), digital and conventional radiography. Materials and Methods: Forty mesiobuccal root canals of extracted mandibular first molars with curvature ranging between 25-60° according to Schneider’s technique were selected and prepared using either ProTaper Gold (group I) or ProTaper Universal (group II). Root canals were scanned using CBCT, digital and conventional radiography before and after preparation for measurement of canal transportation and centering ratio at three levels (3, 6 and 9 mm) from the apex. Results: ProTaper Gold instruments resulted in lower mean canal transportation and higher mean centering ratio compared to ProTaper Universal instruments at 3, 6 and 9mm levels when conventional, digital radiographic or CBCT radiography were used, with a statistically significant difference, at 9 mm when the conventional and digital radiographic methods were used; and at 3 mm when CBCT radiographic method was used. Conclusions: ProTaper Gold instruments are more able to maintain the original canal configuration than did ProTaper Universal instruments considering canal transportation and centering ability. CBCT proved to present more details than conventional and digital periapical radiographs at the three tested levels
Utilisation of isoelectric precipitation to recover fish protein isolate from seafood processing waste

Threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) is an important marine fish species used in the preparation of surimi. The waste generated from surimi production contains large quantity of recoverable proteins, which could be utilised for byproduct development. In this study, Isoelectric precipitation (IEP) technique as a method to recover proteins from fish processing waste was attempted. The alkali aided IEP process extracted the fish protein isolate (FPI) efficiently with a yield of 84.13±0.11%. The highest protein yield was recorded at a homogenised sample to water ratio of 1:9. Maximum protein content was found at pH 13 with 19.63 ±0.52% yield. FPI extracted had higher protein content, less ash and low lipid contents compared to the fish processing waste. The mean yield and protein composition of FPI extracted atdifferent treatments of pH and sample to water ratiowere found to be significantly different (p<0.05). Sample to water ratio of 1:9 and pH 13 was found to be the best combination among the different treatments attempted for FPI extraction from threadfin bream processing waste.
Impacts of tropical forest modification on soil microbial community attributes and function in Southeast Asia

Tropical forests are vital global reservoirs of biodiversity and carbon (C). Deforestation and degradation of these ecosystems greatly threatens their capacity to provide crucial ecosystem functions and services, by altering complex plant-soil interactions and biogeochemical cycles underpinned by soil microbes. Forest disturbance is accelerating in Southeast Asia, through widespread selective logging (SL) and forest conversion to oil palm plantation (OP). This has major implications for soil microbial communities and functions, although effects of tropical forest disturbance on belowground biodiversity and the resistance and resilience of soil microbial nutrient and C-cycling are unresolved. The potential to restore soil microbial communities and essential functions is also largely unknown. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate impacts of tropical forest modification (degradation, conversion and restoration) on soil microbial community attributes, and implications for ecosystem biogeochemical cycling. The rainforests of Borneo were used as a model study system, representing a hotspot of biodiversity and forest degradation. I conducted survey and experiments across land-use contrasts of old-growth (OG), SL and restored forest and OP. SL and OP significantly affected relative abundances of mycorrhizal fungal types, with implications for soil C storage. Mycelial productivity was not affected by SL but was negatively impacted by OP, indicating potential for SL forest rehabilitation but consequences for OP nutrient cycling and restoration. Logging gaps in SL forest significantly altered bacterial and fungal community structure, reducing mycorrhizal abundance and altering supply rates of key nutrients. Logging gaps may also supress microbial C cycling, implied by reduced soil respiration, although soil functioning appeared more resilient to drought than adjacent closed canopy forest. Prolonged increases in soil respiration in SL forest soils after rewetting highlight sensitivity of tropical forest to future climate change perturbations. Overall, soil microbial communities did not recover with restoration of SL forest, suggesting current management practices select for different microbial taxa which may impede rehabilitation of ecosystem functions. Overall findings demonstrate human modification of tropical forest affects key soil microbial groups, with potential consequences for biogeochemical cycling and atmospheric C feedbacks at the landscape scale. This highlights the need to incorporate evaluation of belowground communities and function in predicting impacts of land-use and climate change, as well as effective ecosystem rehabilitation for biodiversity conservation and provision of essential ecosystem services by these vital, hyperdiverse environments.
The Contribution of Online Resources to Fostering Digital Learning and Effective Teaching

Covid-19 has brought about more higher education institutions confronted with the challenge of how to uphold continuity of learning and teaching while at the same time confronting the threat of extended closures. Thus, it is the primary intention of the researchers to determine how these online resources contribute to fostering digital learning and effective teaching in a state university in the Philippines during such unprecedented times. A qualitative method, employing the grounded theory approach was used to achieve this aim. To obtain in-depth information, twenty (20) participants were chosen from different academic units of the university. Ten (10) were faculty members who had been teaching for at least 5 years and ten (10) students who are at least on their second collegiate year level. Based on the themes generated from the statements of the participants, the researchers came up with the emerging concept on how to foster digital learning and effective teaching through online resources. The factors discussed in the paper together with proper utilization of online resources are expected to be addressed and be made available in order to maximize the use of online resources in 2020 and beyond.
EVALUATION OF A CORRELATION BETWEEN SLEEP HOURS, SLEEP QUALITY AND SALIVARY LEVELS OF 8-HYDROXY-2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Aims: To determine if there was a correlation between sleep hours, sleep quality with the salivary levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine in chronic periodontitis patients, and to decide its relationship with the established clinical periodontal parameters. Settings and Design: Observational analytical study with 100 patients based on the inclusion criteria, who visited the Department of Periodontology of a tertiary care setting. Methods and Material: Bleeding on probing, pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index score were recorded. Sleep behaviour longer than a month time stretch was surveyed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a validated questionnaire. 8-OHdG levels in un-stimulated saliva of all subjects were examined by ELISA. Statistical analysis used: Sleep-hour correlations with sleep quality at salivary 8-OHdG levels as well as clinical periodontal parameters were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 17.0. Results: Salivary 8-OHdG levels and clinical parameters (PPD, CAL, PI) were significantly higher among sleep deprived individuals. On comparison, subjects with a poor quality of sleep (PSQI score>5) showed a significantly higher 8-OHdG levels. Conclusions: Short sleep durations and poor sleep quality can instigate inflammation and oxidative stress and could be a risk factor for periodontitis.
In-situ Moisture Conservation in Rainfed Stressed Regions for Increasing Productivity of Cotton Crop

Cotton is important commercial crop of Gujarat. In saurashtra region cotton is the second most grown crop after groundnut. Gujarat is the single largest cotton producer state with 36 % (101 lakh bales) of the total national production from the area about 25.00 lakh hectares. Saurashtra account 65 % of the state and contributes 68 % in the total production of the state. However, cotton productivity in rainfed areas is still below the potential productivity, mainly due to erratic distribution of rainfall and moisture stress during crop growth period which may results in partial failure of crops. Therefore there is a need of simple in-situ moisture conservation practices that meet out the adverse effect of moisture stress in standing crop.
THE IMPACT OF MANAGING REARING CALVES ON THEIR PERFORMANCE IN A COMMERCIAL HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN FARM

This study was conducted in a commercial cattle farm named El-Baiomy dairy farm located in GamasaDakahlia province-Egypt to evaluate the effect of management system on calves performance. Records of 3691 Holstein Friesian calves were used in this study from 2013 up to 2019. This study included management factors such as dam effect (dry period, parity, calving interval and previous milk production) and calves management (housing system, suckling system, season and gender) and their effects on birth weight (kg), weaning weight (kg), weaning age (day) and daily gain (kg). There was significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) of housing system, suckling system and season of calving on weaning age and daily gain of calves. The lowest birth weight was reported in winter (31.34 kg) however, the heaviest one was reported in winter (93.88 kg). The heaviest birth weight was reported in male (32.93 kg) but female was 31.63 kg only. On the other hand weaning age found to be 81.31 and 79.14 days in female and male, respectively. There were no significant effects (P˃ 0.05) in dry period length, parity, calving interval and previous milk production of dam on calf's performance. The lowest birth weight was found to be in first parity cows (31.63 kg), while the heaviest one was found to be in third parity cows (33.00 kg).