Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic review on current antiviral therapy in COVID-19 pandemic.

INTRODUCTION Currently, there are several attempts to find an effective antiviral drugs against the COVID-19. Although majority of the COVID-19 patients have mild to moderate clinical events, up to 5-10% may have severe, life threatening events that urgently require effective drugs. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of antiviral therapies in the treatment of COVID-19. METHODS An extensive search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), prospective case series studies that evaluated therapies COVID-19. The outcomes searched for were mortality, recovery rate, length of hospital stay and clinical improvement from January to May 15, 2020. Independent reviewers searched, identified, screened, and related studies were included. RESULTS Total of five RCTs on 439 patients and seventeen case series involving 1656 patients were found in the specified review period that reported the use of Lopinavir, Ritonavir, Remdesivir. Oseltamivir, Ribavirin in patients with COVID-19; but none of which showed efficacy of antiviral therapy. Such current findings impede researchers from recommending an appropriate and effective antiviral therapy against COVID-19, making it a serious concern for the global community. DISCUSSION In the present pandemic and any future epidemics, all the related authorities should pursue many more RCTs, cohort and case series for a prospective outcome in the management and treatment guidelines.
Study on the correlation between self-efficacy and ability of clinical communication among nursing undergraduates in a University of traditional Chinese medicine

Objective To investigate the correlation between self-efficacy and ability of clinical communication among nursing undergraduates, so as to provide reference for communication education of nursing. Methods General Self-Efficacy Scale and Interpersonal Relationship Scale were used among 104 nursing undergraduates in a University of traditional Chinese medicine. Results Average score of communication of nursing undergraduates was (49.21 ±7.32), and that of self-efficacy was (25.84 ±5.35). Self-efficacy was found positively correlated to each factor of communication (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions Better understanding of the relationship between clinical communication and self-competence could help nursing educators take targeted measures to improve ability of clinical communication among nursing undergraduates. Key words: Nursing; Communication; Serf-efficacy
Novices Perform Like Experts on a Closed Card Sort but Not an Open Card Sort

Developing good psychological measures benefits from the input of content experts. For many constructs or domains, however, who constitutes an ‘expert’ might be ill-defined. Novices—such as students, customers, or co-workers—may possess the same knowledge as experts. Moreover, as convenience samples, novices are more readily available and less costly. Card sorting is a technique frequently used in human factors to elicit expert knowledge. This study compared novice and expert performance on a card sort task under two conditions, an open sort and a closed sort. Because the closed sort offered a category structure for sorting, it was predicted and found that novices in the closed sort tended to match expert sorting results more closely than in the open sort. The structure also made novice solutions better approximate the expert open sort. This suggests that novices can be useful in the follow-up stage of measure development, but not in the initial stage.
SPRAY SPECTRA, DEPOSITION AND SEDIMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS FOR LOW PRESSURE LIQUID ATOMIZERS

The focus of this investigation was on assessing the feasibility of the evaluation new developing nozzles that will target and spray the biological pest control materials and herbicides. As well as comparing the spray characteristics for external mixing twin fluid nozzles with the low liquid atomizers motorized Backpack mistblower and ProptecTM rotary atomizer. The Stihl SR 340 Powerful knapsack Mist-blower 2.6 kW, rotary atomizer, Ledebuhr Industries, Inc. 11429 Upton Road Bath, Michigan-48808) and five developed an external mixing twin fluid (EMTF) nozzles were tested under laboratory condition to measure the spray droplet spectra, the spray deposition and sedimentation. Droplet size spectra produced by three atomizers, mistblower, rotary cage and EMTF nozzles were measured using the Malvern laser (particle size analyzer). The three atomizers were tested at flow-rate 0.5 l min -1and 1 l min -1. As well as, the motorized Backpack Mistblower and ProptecTM rotary cage atomizer were tested under four levels for rotational speed. The rotational speeds for ProptecTM Rotary cage atomizer were 3000 r.p.m, 3500 r.p.m 4600r.p.m and 5000 r.p.m; and its were 3000 r.p.m, 4000 r.p.m, 5000 r.p.m and 6000 r.p.m for Backpack Mistblower. On the other hand, the five EMTF nozzles were tested at 150 kPa air pressure. The three atomizers was operated at low various pressures, five external twin-fluid nozzles at 30 kPa , mistblower at 28 kPa and rotary atomizer at 90 kPa liquid pressures. The different atomizers were compared by using the spray spectra, spray deposition and spray sedimentation parameters. The result indicated that, the rotary cage atomizer generally gave droplet spectra with lower Dvo.1 , D vo.5 and Dvo.9 values than the Backpack motorized Mistblower and the five EMTF air-shear nozzles. The ProptecTM rotary cage atomizes gave very fine droplets spectra with higher deposition than the Backpack mistblower and the five EMTF air-shear nozzles. The spray spectra D0.1, Dv0.5 and D0.9 for EMTF nozzles at 0.5 l min -1 flow rate were 42.7 µm, 100.9 µm and 195.4 µm; and 46.7 µm, 107.0 µm and 206.1 µm for both N3 and N5 respectively. The deposition percentage for N3 (Lechler FT 5 – 608 + Lechler LU 120-015 POM) and N5 (Lechler FT 5 - 608 + Tee Jet XR8004 VK) were 57.7 % and 58.8 % at flow-rate 1.0 l min-1. The sediment percentage for N3 (Lechler FT 5 – 608 + Lechler LU 120-015 POM) and N5 (Lechler FT 5 - 608 + Tee Jet XR8004 VK) were 16.3 % and 14.6 % at flow-rate 0.5 l min-1.
Evaluation of Glycerol and Waste Alcohol as Supplemental Carbon Sources for Denitrification

In order to comply with strict total nitrogen (TN) limits, supplemental carbon must be added to improve biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes. This research investigated alternatives to methanol that can be used in full-scale applications, such as glycerol (also known as glycerin). The objective was to attempt to carefully profile glycerol alongside methanol in order to verify two unusual observations reported for glycerol supplementation for denitrification: increasing COD demand over time (yield) and partial denitrification resulting in nitrite buildup. Three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated to assess 100% reagent grade methanol, 100% reagent grade glycerol, and a biodiesel glycerol waste. The methanol reactor performed as expected. Over-dosing carbon led to very low levels of residual nitrogen in all the reactors, while under-dosing resulted in incomplete removal of TN. Nitrite accumulation in the glycerol reactors was consistent and significant, whereas the methanol reactor did not exhibit this phenomenon. Increased yield over time after startup and anoxic storage of COD were apparent for both glycerol reactors.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH HUMIC ACID AND GREEN MICROALGAE EXTRACT ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF GARLIC PLANT GROWN IN SANDY SOIL

The present work was carried out in vegetable private farm at El-Kassasein Distract, Ismailia governorate during two successive winter seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, to evaluate the effect of foliar spray with both humic acid (HA) at 0, 0.1and 0.2 % and green microalgae extract (GMAE) of Scenedesmus sp. at 0, 0.1 and 0.2 % as well as their interactions on nutrient content and uptake as well as photosynthetic pigments. Consequently, growth and yield of garlic (sids-40) under sandy soil conditions using drip irrigation system. Spraying garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % or with GMAE at 0.2 % recorded the maximum values of N,P and K uptake in bulb and N,P and K total uptake, chlorophyll a, b, total (a+b) and carotenoids, total dry weight, average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. without significant differences by spraying with GMAE at 0.1 % with respect yield and its components. The interaction between spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% was the best interaction treatment for enhancing N,P and K total uptake, total dry weight, while average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. were increased with the interaction between HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.1 or 0.2 % . Conclusively, from foregoing results of this study, it could be concluded that spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% increased mineral uptake, plant growth and total yield of garlic under sandy soil conditions. Keywords : Garlic, humic acid, green microalgae extract, NPK uptake and total yield. The present work was carried out in vegetable private farm at El-Kassasein Distract, Ismailia governorate during two successive winter seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, to evaluate the effect of foliar spray with both humic acid (HA) at 0, 0.1and 0.2 % and green microalgae extract (GMAE) of Scenedesmus sp. at 0, 0.1 and 0.2 % as well as their interactions on nutrient content and uptake as well as photosynthetic pigments. Consequently, growth and yield of garlic (sids-40) under sandy soil conditions using drip irrigation system. Spraying garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % or with GMAE at 0.2 % recorded the maximum values of N,P and K uptake in bulb and N,P and K total uptake, chlorophyll a, b, total (a+b) and carotenoids, total dry weight, average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. without significant differences by spraying with GMAE at 0.1 % with respect yield and its components. The interaction between spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% was the best interaction treatment for enhancing N,P and K total uptake, total dry weight, while average bulb weight , yield of grades 1 and 2 and total yield/fed. were increased with the interaction between HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.1 or 0.2 % . Conclusively, from foregoing results of this study, it could be concluded that spraying of garlic plants with HA at 0.2 % and GMAE at 0.2% increased mineral uptake, plant growth and total yield of garlic under sandy soil conditions.
Differences in Depression Level among Rural and Urban Adolescents of Haryana, India

Adolescence, a sensitive period marked with events such as puberty and identity crisis, on its own, can play a significant role in the development of an individual’s selfperception. Adolescence marks a period of not only dramatic hormonal and biological maturation, but social and identity manifestations tend to occur as well. Adjustment during adolescence can be challenging and unpredictable (Elalky et al., 2015). Depression is a mood disorder characterized by the presence of sad, empty or irritable feelings accompanied by somatic and cognitive changes that significantly affect the individual’s capacity to function. Depression affects a human’s daily living activities such as work, sleeping, eating and concentration on the tasks. People with depression may avoid any social contacts and some of them may have thoughts of death or suicide. Studies illustrate the increase in aggressiveness, depression and suicidal cases among adolescents (American Psychiatric International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 9 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Low-temperature strength tests and SEM imaging of hydroxide catalysis bonds in silicon

Silicon is under consideration as a substrate material for the test masses and suspension elements of gravitational wave detectors of improved sensitivity. Hydroxide catalysis bonding is a candidate technique for jointing silicon elements with the potential for both high strength and low mechanical loss. A future detector with quasi-monolithic silicon final stages may operate at cryogenic temperatures. Here we present the first studies of the strength of silicon–silicon bonds at 77 K (liquid nitrogen temperature) and show characteristic strengths of ∼44 MPa. When comparing cryogenic to room temperature results, no significant difference is apparent in the strength. We also show that a minimum thickness of oxide layer of 50 nm is desirable to achieve reliably strong bonds. Bonds averaging 47 nm in thickness are achieved for oxide thicknesses greater than 50 nm.
Carrier Dynamics in Mid-Infrared Quantum Well Lasers Using Time-Resolved Photoluminescence

Abstract : Research in mid-infrared laser technology has uncovered numerous applications for commercial and government use. A limiting factor for mid-infrared semiconductors is nonradiative recombination, which is a process that produces excess heat without emitting a photon. Nonradiative recombination mechanisms occur over a short time period and difficult to measure. Growth methods have significantly reduced the nonradiative recombination in some materials. The objective of this research is to further the understanding of how quantum well structures impact carrier recombination. InAsSb/InAlASb and InAs/GaInSb quantum well structures were studied with time-resolved photoluminescence utilizing upconversion, a non-linear wave mixing technique. This research reports Shockley-Read-Hall, radiative, and Auger recombination coefficients at 77k. The luminescence rise times of type I and type II structures are also compared. The number of states available within the quantum well was found to dictate how quickly carriers were able to recombine radiatively. Finally, spectral data was taken to examine the spectral decay of the luminescence. Carrier temperatures were extracted from the spectral data. Type I structures were found to have hotter carrier temperatures and higher Auger coefficients than type II structures.
CITATION ANALYSIS OF JOURNAL OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (2004-2009)

Citation analysis of all the journal articles published in the journal of Library and Information Science (JOLIS) from 2004-2009 is carried out. 72 articles were published in the journal during five (5) years covered. Highest number of (14) articles were published in 2007 and 2008.A total of 998 references were generated by the journals, indicating that 13.7 average citation per articles. The result shows that journals were the most cited materials as it accounted for 37.14% of the total citations, followed by books with 33.14%. The individual articles that had the highest citation had 44 references and was published in 2008. The findings further show that 62 library and information science (LIS) journals cited produced 172 citations. African Journal of Library, Archives and Information science led the ten (10) most cited library and information science journals (LIS) with 40 citations in the journal. 15(24.19%) of the (LIS) journals were published in Nigeria, 45(72.58%) were from outside African continent, while only 2 (3.22%) other journals were from Africa. The majority (38.2%) of materials cited was published in 1995 and beyond, authorship pattern shows that (79.85%) of the materials cited was written by single authors while only 8.8% of the total citations were Internet resources.
Regulatory T Cell Heterogeneity in the Thymus: Impact on Their Functional Activities

Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) maintain the integrity of the organism by preventing excessive immune responses. These cells protect against autoimmune diseases but are also important regulators of other immune responses including inflammation, allergy, infection, and tumors. Furthermore, they exert non-immune functions such as tissue repair and regeneration. In the periphery, Foxp3+ Treg have emerged as a highly heterogeneous cell population with distinct molecular and functional properties. Foxp3+ Treg mainly develop within the thymus where they receive instructive signals for their differentiation. Recent studies have revealed that thymic Treg are also heterogeneous with two distinct precursors that give rise to mature Foxp3+ Treg exhibiting non-overlapping regulatory activities characterized by a differential ability to control different types of autoimmune reactions. Furthermore, the thymic Treg cell pool is not only composed of newly developing Treg, but also contain a large fraction of recirculating peripheral cells. Here, we review the two pathways of thymic Treg cell differentiation and their potential impact on Treg activity in the periphery. We also summarize our current knowledge on recirculating peripheral Treg in the thymus.
Hairy root induction and secondary metabolite production in Perovskia abrotanoides Karel

Induction of hairy roots in Perovskia abrotanoides Karel, a medicinally important member of the Lamiaceae family, was evaluated using different strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and various carbon sources. An efficient Agrobacteriummediated transformation system was established for the first time for this plant species using the bacterial strains of ATCC15834, TR105, and R1000. Meanwhile, the effects of acetosyringone and carbon sources on both rooting and root biomass production were investigated and the potential of hairy root cultures for producing tanshinones was explored. Hairy root induction in the nodes of intact seedlings was found to be successful with all the bacterial strains tested but R1000 was found to be more effective than TR105. The highest transformation frequency belonged to the nodes infected with ATCC15834 (47.33%). Moreover, transformation frequency increased by up to 60.99% when 100 μM of acetosyringone was added. The strain ATCC15834 recorded the highest root dry and fresh weights per 50 mL of the nutrient medium (0.149 and 1.996 g, respectively) and root length (34.45 cm) in a medium containing 3% sucrose. However, R1000 induced maximum lateral root density in hairy roots (7.1 branches cm) in a medium containing 3% glucose. PCR analysis using rolC specific primer with an amplicon of 612 bp confirmed the transgenic nature of the hairy roots. Finally, HPLC analysis revealed that the cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA levels in the hairy roots induced by TR105 (clone T7) were 53.17±0.26 and 14.48±0.30 μg g DW, respectively.
The PL-detective revisited

The semantics of programming languages comprise many concepts that are alternatives to each other, such as by-reference and by-value parameter passing. To help teach these concepts, Diwan et al. introduced the programming language Mystery, with fixed syntax but configurable semantics, and described how this language enables new approaches to teaching programming languages concepts. In this paper, we reproduce the studies by Diwan et al. in a Swedish setting, describe extensions to the original system, and introduce a new technique for evaluating the utility of student experiments. We largely confirm the earlier findings and show how our evaluation technique helps us in our understanding of student experiments.
Effect of Continuous Cropping and Fertilization on Zinc Fractions and their Contribution to Plant Uptake under Rice-Wheat System

The effect of continuous cropping and fertilization on Zn fractions in soil and their relation with Zn uptake in rice-wheat system was studied in an Aquic Hapludoll of the G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during 2004–2005. Application of 100% recommended dose of NPK + Zn increased the ammonium acetate-extractable, HCl-extractable, residual and total Zn in the soil. Combined use of 100% NPK + FYM resulted in highest content of copper acetate-extractable as well as pyrophosphate-extractable Zn while the highest content of CBD-extractable Zn was found in the unfertilized fallow soil. All soil Zn fractions except CBD-extractable Zn, were significantly correlated among themselves indicating existence of a dynamic equilibrium with each other. Zinc uptake by rice-wheat was improved with conjoint use of 100% NPK and FYM. The most important chemical fraction of soil Zn with respect to the crop uptake was the HCI-extractable Zn.
Cell Block as a Tool of Diagnostic Refinement in Cytological Examination of Pleural and Peritoneal Effusions

Cytological examination of body fluids enables us to examine and differentiate between inflammatory, benign and malignant effusions. Cell block (CB) technique is method of cytological examination of serous fluids besides conventional smear (CS) technique. The aim of this study was to compare the role of cell block technique over the conventional smear technique in the cytological diagnosis of serous fluids. This was a prospective study done at our medical college and tertiary care hospital between 2017 to 2020. A total of 114 patients were included in the study that underwent paracentesis for effusion cytology. Equal quantities of pleural and peritoneal fluid received and prepared into CS and CB for examination. Cellularity, architecture patterns, morphological features and yield for malignancy were compared, using the two methods. 71 were pleural fluid and 43 were peritoneal fluids. CS and CB comparison for cellularity showed statistically significant (p<0.05) and comparison of malignant effusion done with McNemar’s test for CB showed that CS method was not superior to CB method in pleural, peritoneal and total body effusions. The stastistical analysis of malignant effusions (n=114) for cell block method for sensitivity was 100%, specificity 79.63%, positive predictive value 21.43% and negative predictive value 100%. The CB method provides high cellularity, better architectural patterns, morphological features and an additional yield of malignant cells than CS method. CB method is superior to CS method.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma Symptoms in Adult Sudanese Using a Modified ISAAC

Asthma prevalence in Sudanese children was found to be 12.5% as a part of the international study of asthma and allergies in children (ISAAC) . The present study aimed at estimating the prevalence of asthma symptoms in different regions of Sudan and to identify risk and trigger factors influencing disease prevalence and exacerbation. A cross-sectional study was performed in Elobeid (western), Dongola (northern), Kassala (eastern) and Khartoum (capital and central) of Sudan during 2009 2012. A modified ISAAC questionnaire was distributed to University students, academic staff, employee and workers chosen randomly. Any subject with asthma symptoms was interviewed by another questionnaire especially designed for asthma patients. A total of 3974 respondents (1807 males and 2167 females), aged 18 and above were included. Prevalence of asthma depending on wheezing symptom in the past 12 months was 6.7% in Elobeid, 9.6% in Dongola, 10.8% in Khartoum, 13% in Kassala with an overall average of 10 %. Most of asthmatic subjects (88%) have intermittent symptoms. Young age, first degree family history, indoor air pollution, active tobacco smoking, domestic animals and dust are the major trigger factors for asthma symptoms. In conclusion, asthma prevalence is high in adult Sudanese with some regional variation.
LINKING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TO ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR IN PAKISTAN

This paper aims to investigate the influence of performance indicators (PIs) on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in banking sector. This novel theoretical conception is investigated through mix methodology technique to find concrete evidences of CSR and its competitive abilities. Results of the study suggested that CSR is positively impacted by ROE, ROD and EPS predictors. Through in-depth interviews, it was surfaced that CSR is in infancy stage in Pakistan and there is a dire need to harmonize society requirements with CSR programs.