Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hábitos alimenticios y ejercicio físico ante el confinamiento en casa por COVID-19 en universitarios

El objetivo fue probar modelos de percepción de dieta a partir de los predictores hábitos alimenticios, ejercicio físico y agencia personal para la actividad física de estudiantes universitarios mexicanos durante su estancia en casa por COVID-19. Se seleccionó por conveniencia una muestra no probabilística de 553 estudiantes de dos universidades del noroeste de México, previo consentimiento informado de participación, durante mayo-junio del 2020. Mediante un formato de Google se aplicaron dos cuestionarios, el de agencia personal en actividad física (AF) con los factores intencionalidad, previsión, auto-reactividad y autorreflexión; y un cuestionario de hábitos alimenticios. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y un modelo lineal generalizado. Perciben la dieta como mala-regular (58 %) y excelente (3.5 %). Refieren consumir frutas y verduras frecuentemente (60 %), fibra (50 %), alimentos frescos (48 %) y guisados con escasa grasa (44 %). Casi una tercera parte no practica AF (30.1 %) y menos de la mitad (45.8 %) realiza de 90 a 150 minutos de AF a la semana; pocos cumplen algún programa de ejercicio (30 %) y la mayoría opina poseer tiempo para efectuar AF (74 %). Los estudiantes con mayor consumo de alimentos saludables poseen una percepción de dieta adecuada y realizan ejercicio en comparación con los que no practican AF. El tiempo dedicado a AF está determinado por el tipo de alimentos, la AF y el grado de intencionalidad para realizarla.
Clinical Profile of Ectopic Pregnancy

Background: A ruptured ectopic pregnancy is a true emergency and remains the leading cause of pregnancy related first trimester deaths. Methods: Hospital based Retrospective study conducted on women who presented to our hospital with ectopic pregnancy were analysed from the available hospital documents (bedside records, history, operation theatre records and yearly audit report). Results: The mean age - 27 ± 3 years.The majority of patients (47.36%) were within the age group 25–29years. A significant proportion (53%) of these were multiparous, while only 26.31%were nuliparous. Majority of the patients had amenorrhea of ? 7 weeks. The commonest site of ectopic gestation was the ampullary region while the tubo-ovarian site had the lowest occurrence. Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy remains a gynecological emergency in developing countries and a major challenge to the reproductive performance of women worldwide, it should be considered a relevant public health issue in India Keywords: Ectopic, Pregnancy, Amenorrhoea.
An informed audience: The effects of constructive television news on emotions and knowledge

The aim of this study was to gain more insight in the way people process information after watching constructive news. In this regard, an experiment (N = 575, 18 – 90 years old) was conducted to investigate how constructive, compared to nonconstructive, news reporting affected information processing (i.e., factual and perceived knowledge) of television news, and whether emotions caused by the news mediated this relation. For this experiment the topics of two socially relevant issues were used; plastic waste in the ocean and the housing market. Results showed that constructive reporting elicited lower levels of negative emotions and higher levels of positive emotions compared to nonconstructive news. Moreover, we found that the mediation of emotions was largely dependent on the topic of the news. While more negative feelings led to more factual knowledge of the housing market topic, an increase of positive emotions led to higher perceived knowledge scores on both the housing market and plastic waste topic. These results stress the importance for both researchers and journalists to balance constructive news elements in news reporting in order to optimize information processing of the audience.
Characterization of Aspergillus terreus Accessory Conidia and Their Interactions With Murine Macrophages

All Aspergillus species form phialidic conidia (PC) when the mycelium is in contact with the air. These small, asexual spores are ideally suited for an airborne dissemination in the environment. Aspergillus terreus and a few closely related species from section Terrei can additionally generate accessory conidia (AC) that directly emerge from the hyphal surface. In this study, we have identified galactomannan as a major surface antigen on AC that is largely absent from the surface of PC. Galactomannan is homogeneously distributed over the entire surface of AC and even detectable on nascent AC present on the hyphal surface. In contrast, β-glucans are only accessible in distinct structures that occur after separation of the conidia from the hyphal surface. During germination, AC show a very limited isotropic growth that has no detectable impact on the distribution of galactomannan. The AC of the strain used in this study germinate much faster than the corresponding PC, and they are more sensitive to desiccation than PC. During infection of murine J774 macrophages, AC are readily engulfed and trigger a strong tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) response. Both processes are not hampered by the presence of laminarin, which indicates that β-glucans only play a minor role in these interactions. In the phagosome, we observed that galactomannan, but not β-glucan, is released from the conidial surface and translocates to the host cell cytoplasm. AC persist in phagolysosomes, and many of them initiate germination within 24 h. In conclusion, we have identified galactomannan as a novel and major antigen on AC that clearly distinguishes them from PC. The role of this fungal-specific carbohydrate in the interactions with the immune system remains an open issue that needs to be addressed in future research.
Military Conscription and Nonviolent Resistance

Nonviolent campaigns against repressive regimes often turn on the military’s decision to either defend the ruler or make common cause with the ruled. Yet surprisingly little scholarship investigates opposition expectations for the military’s likely response to mass protest. We theorize that some determinants of the military’s willingness to repress are more observable to activists than others. In particular, we identify conscription as a highly salient indicator that soldiers will refuse to fire on protesters and hypothesize that nonviolent campaigns are more likely to materialize against regimes with conscripted armies than those with volunteer forces. We substantiate this theory with two sources of evidence: (1) a survey experiment conducted during the 2019 Algerian Revolution and (2) a cross-national analysis of the positive association between conscription and nonviolent campaign onset from 1945 to 2013.
Modelling of initial streamer discharge voltage of C4F7N/CO2 mixed gas considering electrode surface roughness

The traditional calculation model of streamer initial discharge is simplified and has huge errors from experiment if not considering the effect of actual electrode surface roughness, so it is necessary to improve the calculation model considering the influence of roughness. The main purpose of this paper is to improve the model by considering effect of electrode surface roughness. The power frequency discharge voltage of C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture under different roughness conditions is calculated. It is found that the influence of electrode surface roughness is stronger at higher pressures. Experiments are carried out to verify the model, which provides a reference for calculating the discharge field strength of C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture.
Air Injection Into Water‐Saturated Granular Media—A Dimensional Meta‐Analysis

Gas saturation degree and flow patterns are key factors for modeling and designing multiphase systems and operations. In turn, these factors are strongly related to the flow dynamics, which are controlled largely by the fluid and media properties. However, predicting the gas distribution and flow pattern remains elusive. Data from 11 series of steady air injection experiments into initially water‐saturated granular media, conducted with different media and flow geometries, are analyzed to identify the main factors governing air saturation and flow patterns. For air injection into otherwise water‐saturated granular media, the flow pattern is affected mainly by the ratio between the Capillary number (ratio of viscous to capillary forces) and the Bond number (ratio of gravitational to capillary forces), that is, by the ratio of viscous to gravitational forces. Moreover, the meta‐analysis presented here indicates that the steady air saturation degree is correlated strongly to flow velocity and grain diameter. Furthermore, analysis of experimental results from different studies of air injection into coarse, homogeneous, granular media (glass beads, sand) also suggests a significant effect of inertial forces. Both viscous and buoyancy forces increased air saturation, while capillary forces decreased the saturation degree. The ratio between capillary and buoyancy forces determines the air flow pattern during air injection into otherwise water‐saturated media.
Investigating 12th-Grade Students’ Prior Knowledge of Static Electricity Concepts

This study was aimed at describing the types of prior knowledge of the 12th-grade students of static electricity concepts. This study was done at public senior high schools in Singaraja-Bali. There were 117 students who participated in the study, they were between 16-17 years old. The data of students’ prior knowledge of static electricity were collected by using Three Tier Diagnostic Static Electricity Test (TTDSET) with the index of reliability r= 0.61. The data analysis was done by descriptive technique. The result showed that the students’ prior knowledge of static electricity concepts is very varied which can be categorized into four categories namely: Scientific Knowledge, Misconception, Lack Knowledge, and Error. The implication of the result in the teaching of physic is that the teacher needs to identify the student prior knowledge of static electricity concepts and design appropriate conceptual change strategies.
Three-dimensional porous framework constructed by hybrid of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanocoils for stable lithium metal anode

Lithium metal is regarded as the most potential anode material for its high specific capacity, but lithium dendrite growth and volume expansion problems limit its application. Herein, a simple vacuum filtration process is used to synthesize a porous network composed of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanocoils (CNCs) as the 3D lithium metal host. The high specific surface area and the good lithiophilicity of CNC@CNT structure promote the uniform lithium deposition and inhibit the formation of lithium dendrites. The introduction of super-elastic CNCs effectively prevents the agglomeration of CNTs, and provides fast transport paths and abundant space for lithium ions. Meanwhile, it releases partial stress during cycling. The electrode presents a low overpotential of 11.8 mV at 0.5 mA cm−2, and the average coulombic efficiency is 97.3% under nearly 200 long-time cycles, which provides a good idea for the improvement of 3D host for lithium metal anode.
Crosslinked Collagenic Scaffold Behavior Evaluation by Physico-Chemical, Mechanical and Biological Assessments in an In Vitro Microenvironment

Wound healing-associated difficulties continue to drive biotechnological creativeness into complex grounds. The sophisticated architecture of skin wound sites and the intricate processes involved in the response to the use of regenerative devices play a critical role in successful skin regeneration approaches and their possible outcomes. Due to a plethora of complications involved in wound healing processes as well as the coordination of various cellular mechanisms, biomimetic approaches seems to be the most promising starting ground. This study evaluates the behavior of a crosslinked, porous collagen scaffold obtained by lyophilization and dehydrothermal reticulation (DHT). We address the key physio-chemical and mechanical factors, such as swelling, density and porosity, mechano-dynamic properties, SEM and TG-DSC, as well as important biological outcomes regarding scaffold biocompatibility and cellular metabolic activity, cytokine expression in inflammation, apoptosis and necrosis, as well as hemocompatibility and biodegradation. The mechanical and visco-elastic behavior are correlated, with the samples found to present similar thermal behavior and increased rigidity after DHT treatment. High biocompatibility rates were obtained, with no inflammatory stimulation and a reduction in necrotic cells. Higher percentages of cellular early apoptosis were observed. The hemocompatibility rate was under 2%, coagulation effects expressed after 4 min, and the DHT scaffold was more resistant to the biodegradation of collagenase compared with the untreated sample.
A case of recurrent hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by DGKE gene mutation

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a form of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury [1]. In children, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) producing Shiga toxin is the most common cause of HUS (typical HUS), accounting for 90% of pediatric cases. However, some cases are associated with inherent dysregulation of the complement system (atypical HUS, aHUS), commonly caused by mutations in components of the complement system, including factor H (CFH), factor I, factor B, or complement 3 [2]. In the past, plasma therapy (plasma exchange or plasma infusion) Child Kidney Dis [Epub ahead of print] pISSN 2384-0242 · eISSN 2384-0250 https://doi.org/10.3339/ckd.22. 024
Comparative Study of the Es Layer between the Plateau and Plain Regions in China

The lower atmosphere forcing plays an important role in forming the sporadic E (Es) layer in the ionosphere. In this study, a comparative study of the Es layer recorded by ionosondes at the middle latitude regions was carried out between the plateau and plain regions in China. The two ionosonde stations (Zhangye, 39.21°N, 100.54°E and Beijing, 40.25°N, 116.25°E) are located at the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and North China Plain, respectively. The data during the year 2018 were used to reveal the characteristics of the Es layer. The occurrence probability, the critical frequency (foEs) and the base virtual height (h’Es) were considered in this study. Results show that: (1) The diurnal and seasonal variations of the occurrence probability between these two regions are similar. The maximum occurrence probability is at noontime and in the summer season. However, the Es at Zhangye occurred more frequently than Beijing at nighttime and in winter to early spring. (2) Similar to previous studies, the maximum value of foEs at Beijing mainly occurred in summer. Interestingly, the maximum value is in winter at Zhangye station. (3) The characteristics of the anomaly of the Es layer at Zhangye are mostly consistent with the characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Therefore, compared with observations at Beijing, the anomalies of the Es layer at Zhangye (at night and in winter to spring) might be attributed to gravity waves in the lower atmosphere over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) Concomitant with Sorafenib Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo

Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an advanced liver cancer, has poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy is a novel antimitotic treatment, delivering electric fields that induce death and inhibit replication of cancer cells. We aimed to determine the effect of TTFields in HCC cells and an animal model, alone or in combination with sorafenib, an approved HCC treatment option. Human HCC cells were treated with TTFields at various frequencies to identify the most effective frequency. TTFields at 150 kHz were shown to induce anti-cancerous effects and to amplify such effects displayed by sorafenib. In animals, TTFields concomitant with sorafenib were more effective than either TTFields or sorafenib alone in reducing tumor volume, with the combination also leading to more cases of stable disease. Overall, this research demonstrates potential for concomitant TTFields and sorafenib application in the treatment of HCC. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a highly aggressive liver cancer, is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are electric fields that exert antimitotic effects on cancerous cells. The aims of the current research were to test the efficacy of TTFields in HCC, explore the underlying mechanisms, and investigate the possible combination of TTFields with sorafenib, one of the few front-line treatments for patients with advanced HCC. HepG2 and Huh-7D12 human HCC cell lines were treated with TTFields at various frequencies to determine the optimal frequency eliciting maximal cell count reduction. Clonogenic, apoptotic effects, and autophagy induction were measured. The efficacy of TTFields alone and with concomitant sorafenib was tested in cell cultures and in an orthotopic N1S1 rat model. Tumor volume was examined at the beginning and following 5 days of treatment. At study cessation, tumors were weighed and examined by immunohistochemistry to assess autophagy and apoptosis. TTFields were found in vitro to exert maximal effect at 150 kHz, reducing cell count and colony formation, increasing apoptosis and autophagy, and augmenting the effects of sorafenib. In animals, TTFields concomitant with sorafenib reduced tumor weight and volume fold change, and increased cases of stable disease following treatment versus TTFields or sorafenib alone. While each treatment alone elevated levels of autophagy relative to control, TTFields concomitant with sorafenib induced a significant increase versus control in tumor ER stress and apoptosis levels, demonstrating increased stress under the multimodal treatment. Overall, TTFields treatment demonstrated efficacy and enhanced the effects of sorafenib for the treatment of HCC in vitro and in vivo, via a mechanism involving induction of autophagy.
Sampled-Hold-Based Consensus Control for Second-Order Multiagent Systems Under Aperiodically Intermittent Communication

In this paper, the consensus problem for a class of second-order multi-agent systems under aperiodically intermittent communication is investigated. First, a new sampled-hold-based intermittent control protocol is designed to achieve consensus and improve the consensus performance in the absence of continuous communication. Then, some necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for second-order consensus based on the relationship of the control gains, the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix, and the intermittent communication architecture. Moreover, if the sampled-hold-based aperiodically intermittent control is degenerated into the aperiodically intermittent control or the sampled-hold-based periodically intermittent control, some simpler consensus conditions are also given. Finally, some experimental simulations are shown to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Exploratory analysis and models for strategic learning towards equilibrium

This paper is about people's strategic behavior as observed through experiments. The research question posed in this paper is how players (primarily children) learn in complex strategic situations that they have never encountered before. We examine data from various games played during popular game theory lectures and present findings about players' strategic learning progress while competing with other players. Four ``pick a number'' games with similar-looking rules but very different properties were investigated. These games were presented to various groups of listeners. The collected data is available for replication and analysis in an open repository. In this paper, we analyze data and propose an agent-based model of a beauty pageant game to explain observed behavior. Finally, we discuss the findings, hypotheses to test, and open questions for future research.
Differential Trafficking and Expression of PIR Proteins in Acute and Chronic Plasmodium Infections

Plasmodium multigene families are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of malaria. Plasmodium interspersed repeat (pir) genes comprise the largest multigene family in many Plasmodium species. However, their expression pattern and localisation remain to be elucidated. Understanding protein subcellular localisation is fundamental to reveal the functional importance and cell-cell interactions of the PIR proteins. Here, we use the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi, as a model to investigate the localisation pattern of this gene family. We found that most PIR proteins are co-expressed in clusters during acute and chronic infection; members of the S7 clade are predominantly expressed during the acute-phase, whereas members of the L1 clade dominate the chronic-phase of infection. Using peptide antisera specific for S7 or L1 PIRS, we show that these PIRs have different localisations within the infected red blood cells. S7 PIRs are exported into the infected red blood cell cytoplasm where they are co-localised with parasite-induced host cell modifications termed Maurer’s clefts, whereas L1 PIRs are localised on or close to the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane. This localisation pattern changes following mosquito transmission and during progression from acute- to chronic-phase of infection. The presence of PIRs in Maurer’s clefts, as seen for Plasmodium falciparum RIFIN and STEVOR proteins, might suggest trafficking of the PIRs on the surface of the infected erythrocytes. However, neither S7 nor L1 PIR proteins detected by the peptide antisera are localised on the surface of infected red blood cells, suggesting that they are unlikely to be targets of surface variant-specific antibodies or to be directly involved in adhesion of infected red blood cells to host cells, as described for Plasmodium falciparum VAR proteins. The differences in subcellular localisation of the two major clades of Plasmodium chabaudi PIRs across the blood cycle, and the apparent lack of expression on the red cell surface strongly suggest that the function(s) of this gene family may differ from those of other multigene families of Plasmodium, such as the var genes of Plasmodium falciparum.