Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of 30-day unplanned hospital readmission among adult patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Adult patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) represent one-fifth of all 30-day unplanned hospital readmissions but some may be preventable through continuity of care with better DM self-management. We aim to synthesize evidence concerning the association between 30-day unplanned hospital readmission and patient-related factors, insurance status, treatment and comorbidities in adult patients with DM. We searched full-text English language articles in three electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL) without confining to a particular publication period or geographical area. Prospective and retrospective cohort and case–control studies which identified significant risk factors of 30-day unplanned hospital readmission were included, while interventional studies were excluded. The study participants were aged ≥18 years with either type 1 or 2 DM. The random effects model was used to quantify the overall effect of each factor. Twenty-three studies published between 1998 and 2018 met the selection criteria and 18 provided information for the meta-analysis. The data were collected within a period ranging from 1 to 15 years. Although patient-related factors such as age, gender and race were identified, comorbidities such as heart failure (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.67 to 1.96) and renal disease (OR=1.69, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.12), as well as insulin therapy (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.71) and insurance status (OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.63) were stronger predictors of 30-day unplanned hospital readmission. The findings may be used to target DM self-management education at vulnerable groups based on comorbidities, insurance type, and insulin therapy.
Potential Honey Bee Plants of Egypt

Abstract There are various plants with potential feeding importance to honey bee, Apis mellifera, colonies as source of pollen, nectar or both. Selection of suitable regions for apiaries mainly depends on the availability of honey bee plants in the apiary region. Identifying honey bee plants in specific region is very essential for honey and pollen production from honey bee colonies. Lacking the information about the beneficial plants for honey bees including; plant name, flowering time and potential benefit to honey bee colonies could be considered as a limitation for beekeeping development. So far honey bee plants are not well studied in Egypt. This review paper presents potential honey bee plants in Egypt using the available publications. The studies on honey bee plants in Egypt were also reviewed. This work can be considered as a guide for beekeepers and researchers. Moreover, the presented plants here can be used in comparing honey bee plants of Egypt with other countries to get a better understanding of honey bee flora. More detailed investigations on honey bee plants are strongly required to be done at all Egyptian Governorates
Neuromuscular junction mitochondrial enrichment: a “double-edged sword” underlying the selective motor neuron vulnerability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Motor neurons are highly polarized cells, with long axons that extend to more than 1 m in the adult human. The axons further arborize into a specialized synaptic compartment, the motor unit , contain ing up to 2000 neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). While the size of other neuronal synapses can be up to 1 μm, the NMJ is much larger and can reach 10–30 μm (Jones et al., 2017). The vast size of the motor unit requires motor neurons to evolutionally adapt and supply this distal portion with a sufficient amount of ATP, as well as to replenish the axonal protein pool in order to maintain their synapses. To address its substantial energetic needs, the NMJ is enriched with a vast network of mitochondria. This is supported by ultrastructural studies using electron and confocal microscopy, which revealed that only ~50% of active synapses in the adult rodent central nervous system (CNS) contain any mitochondria, whereas all NMJs are enriched with a tightly packed mitochondrial network (Misgeld and Schwarz, 2017; Altman et al., 2019). The mechanisms leading to this distinct enrichment, as well as its implications and functional meaning in the context of neurodegeneration, remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss and suggest a possible explanation for how the mitochondrial enrichment of the NMJ can be relevant to the selective vulnerability of motor neurons in motor neuron diseases, and in particular amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Comparison of electric hand dryers and paper towels for hand hygiene: a critical review of the literature

Numerous studies are published on the benefits of electric hand dryers vs paper towels (PT) for drying hands after washing. Data are conflicting and lacking key variables needed to assess infection risks. We provide a rapid scoping review on hand‐drying methods relative to hygiene and health risks. Controlled vocabulary terms and keywords were used to search PubMed (1946–2018) and Embase (1947–2018). Multiple researchers independently screened abstracts for relevance using predetermined criteria and created a quality assessment scoring system for relative study comparisons. Of 293 papers, 23 were included in the final analysis. Five studies did not compare multiple methods; however, 2 generally favoured electric dryers (ED); 7 preferred PT; and 9 had mixed or statistically insignificant results (among these, 3 contained scenarios favourable to ED, 4 had results supporting PT, and the remaining studies had broadly conflicting results). Results were mixed among and within studies and many lacked consistent design or statistical analysis. The breadth of data does not favour one method as being more hygienic. However, some authors extended generalizable recommendations without sufficient scientific evidence. The use of tools in quantitative microbial risk assessment is suggested to evaluate health exposure potentials and risks relative to hand‐drying methods. We found no data to support any human health claims associated with hand‐drying methods. Inconclusive and conflicting results represent data gaps preventing the advancement of hand‐drying policy or practice recommendations.
Epineurial Pseudocyst of the Intratemporal Facial Nerve: A Case Series Study.

OBJECTIVES The goal of this case series was to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of epineurial pseudocysts of the intratemporal facial nerve (EPIFs) and to discuss the relevance in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective case series of 10 consecutive patients with EPIFs identified through computed tomography (CT), between 2009 and 2018. Morphological characteristics, coexisting pathology, facial nerve function, and evolution over time were analyzed. RESULTS A unilateral EPIF was found in 5 patients (50%) and a bilateral EPIF was found in the other 5 (50%). The largest dimensions were observed in the coronal plane, with an average craniocaudal length of 6.0 mm (range, 3-9 mm). None of the patients presented with facial nerve dysfunction. Growth could not be observed in any of the patients. In 5 cases (33.3%), CT imaging showed a reduced transmastoid access to the facial recess caused by the EPIF. CONCLUSION All EPIFs in this study were incidental findings. Facial nerve function was normal in all patients. Knowledge of EPIFs is important to perform safe cholesteatoma and cochlear implant surgery and to prevent unnecessary follow-up imaging.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SABATH methyltransferases in tea plant (Camellia sinensis): insights into their roles in plant defense responses

ABSTRACT SABATH methyltransferases convent plant small-molecule metabolites into volatile methyl esters, which play important roles in many biological processes and defense reactions in plants. In this study, a total of 32 SABATH genes were identified in the Camellia sinensis var. sinensis (CSS) genome, which were renamed CsSABATH1 to CsSABATH32. Genome location annotation suggested that tandem duplication was responsible for the expansion of SABATH genes in tea plant. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that the CsSABATHs could be classified into three groups (I, II and III), which were also supported by gene structures and conserved motifs analysis. Group II contained only two CsSABATH proteins, which were closely related to PtIAMT, AtIAMT and OsIAMT. The group III SABATH genes of tea plant exhibited expansion on the CSS genome compared with Camellia sinensis var. assamica (CSA) genome. Based on RNA-seq data, the CsSABATHs exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns, and the members with high expression in buds and young leaves were also obviously upregulated after MeJA treatment. The expression of many transcription factors was significantly correlated with that of different members of the CsSABATH gene family, suggesting a potential regulatory relationship between them. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) expression analysis showed that CsSABATHs could respond to exogenous JA, SA and MeSA treatments in tea plants. RNA-seq data analysis and qPCR validation suggested that CsSABATH8, 11, 16, 25, 29 and 32 might play a special role in plant defense against insect herbivory. These results provide references for evolutionary studies of the plant SABATH family and the exploration of the potential roles of CsSABATHs in tea plant defense responses.
A Model for Intracolonial Population Dynamics of the Honeybee in Temperate Zones

SummaryA simple system of differential equations is presented to simulate the intracolonial population dynamics of non-swarming colonies of the honeybee (Apis mellifera) in temperate zones. The model generates colony growth patterns that are in agreement with empirical data. A new hypothesis based on the model is proposed to explain the occurrence of the brood-rearing peaks in non-swarming colonies. It focuses on the importance of the initiation of swarming behavioural patterns when the population density of workers exceeds a critical number. A sensitivity analysis of the model revealed considerable variation among the different parameters integrated in the model with regard to influence on colony dynamics. The information potential in a dynamic model of this kind is discussed.
The evolutionary implications of alternative larval development in ascidians

Considering traits that facilitate and inhibit evolutionary diversification can best be done with traits where the genetic and developmental basis is known. My PhD. research has focused on the evolutionary implications of larval development in molgulid ascidians. Ascidians or sea squirts, are a group of tunicates, which phylogenomic evidence suggests is sister-group to the vertebrates. Most ascidians develop as tadpole larvae that have an eyespot, gravity-sensing otolith, and a notochord, which converges and extends to form a tail that is used for dispersal. In molgulid ascidians, there have been 15 species described from at least four separate evolutionary origins that have lost the eyespot, otolith, and tail in their larval stage. Using transcriptome data for a species with normal tadpole larval development, a species with tailless larval development, and their hybrid, I have found that molgulid ascidians express genes normally expressed at metamorphosis early in development, and hypothesize this early expression is driving the tailless phenotype. Additionally, using molecular phylogenetic comparative methods in ascidians, I found species with the derived, tailless, less-dispersive larvae have lower speciation rates and smaller geographic ranges. Lower speciation rates in lineages with the derived, less dispersive larval development is in contrast to speciation rates estimated from molecular phylogenies in gastropods, and from fossil gastropods and echinoderms, and this difference suggests that the demography of species with different larval development may be important to consider.
Assessment of the genetic diversity of pummelo germplasms using AFLP and SSR markers

The genetic diversities of 110 pummelo germplasms and 12 of their relatives were analyzed by SSR and AFLP methods. Approximately 99.1% of the 335 SSR loci were polymorphic, and 9.85 alleles per SSR locus were identified. The gene diversity values changed from 0.1939 to 0.9073, and 46 SSR polymorphic bands were scored. 72% of the 343 AFLP loci were polymorphic, and 82 polymorphic loci per AFLP were identified. Heterozygosity changed from 0.21863 to 0.28445, and 44 AFLP polymorphic bands were scored. The UPGMA result showed that 122 pummelo genotypes and their relatives could be divided into eight groups, and the pummelo genotypes composed mainly of Shatian pummelo varieties group, Wendan pummelo vareties group and a huge hybrid pummelo varieties group. The classification result was expected to widen the genetic background of pummelos using various target varieties.
Rootstocks Affect Tree Growth, Yield, and Juice Quality of ‘Marsh’ Grapefruit

Two adjacent rootstock trials were conducted in the east coast Indian River region of Florida with 'Marsh' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) scion. The objective was to find rootstocks to replace sour orange (C. aurantium L.) because of losses to citrus tristeza virus, and to replace Swingle citrumelo ½C. paradisi · Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. � because of its limited usefulness in certain poorly drained coastal sites. The trials were conducted in randomized complete blocks with 12 single-tree replicates spaced 4.6 · 6.9 m. The soils were of the Wabasso and Riviera series. The first trial consisted largely of trees on citrange ½C. sinensis (L.) Osb. · P. trifoliataand citrumelo rootstocks, 'Cipo' sweet orange (C.sinensis), and various hybrid rootstocks. The second trial involved mandarin rootstocks (C.reticulata Blanco) and sour orange and related rootstocks. Trees were grown for 7 years and yield and juice quality data were collected for the last 4 years of that period. Those rootstocks identified as the most promising, based on combinations of smaller tree size and high productivity and juice quality, were two Sunki mandarin · Swingle trifoliate orange (TF) hybrids (C-54, C-146), a Sunki mandarin · Flying Dragon TF hybrid, C-35 citrange, and a Cleopatra mandarin · Rubidoux TF hybrid (·639). The trees on these five rootstocks cropped well leading to soluble solids (SS) values of 3000 to 4000 kg/ha when they were 7-years old. The trees on C-54 and C-146 were relatively large, somewhat taller than trees on sour orange, whereas those on C-35 and the Sunki · Flying Dragon hybrid were smaller and similar to sour orange in tree height. Fruit quality among the trees on C-35 and the Sunki · Flying Dragon hybrid had relatively high SS concentration (better than sour orange), and the other three rootstocks had relatively lower solids concentration (poorer than sour orange). The trees on C-35 and the Sunki · Flying Dragon hybrid would be good candidates for higher density orchards.
Genetic Diversity in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

One hundred cowpea genotypes were evaluated for eleven metric characters to quantify the genetic diversity existing among them by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The genotypes fell into eleven clusters. Among the eleven quantitative characters studied, 100-seed weight contributed maximum (75.73%) towards divergence followed by plant height (8.28%) and seed yield (6.30%). Cluster VI had minimum days to first flower opening and days to maturity, and also had maximum number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod and seed yield. Cluster IX exhibited lowest means for seed yield, 100 seed weight, number of seeds per pod, pod length, primary branches and plant height. The genotypes from Cluster VI and IX, which have high and low cluster means for the majority of the characters are suggested as parents for hybridization.
Implementation of a noisy hyperlink removal system: A semantic and relatedness approach

As the volume of data on the web grows, the web structure graph, which is a graph representation of the web, continues to evolve. The structure of this graph has gradually shifted from content-based to non-content-based. Furthermore, spam data, such as noisy hyperlinks, in the web structure graph adversely affect the speed and efficiency of information retrieval and link mining algorithms. Previous works in this area have focused on removing noisy hyperlinks using structural and string approaches. However, these approaches may incorrectly remove useful links or be unable to detect noisy hyperlinks in certain circumstances. In this paper, a data collection of hyperlinks is initially constructed using an interactive crawler. The semantic and relatedness structure of the hyperlinks is then studied through semantic web approaches and tools such as the DBpedia ontology. Finally, the removal process of noisy hyperlinks is carried out using a reasoner on the DBpedia ontology. Our experiments demonstrate the accuracy and ability of semantic web technologies to remove noisy hyperlinks
Allelopathic effects of Phragmites communis leaves on the growth and physiobiochemical characteristics of Solidago canadensis

A sandy culture experiment was conducted to study the allelopathic effects of different concentrations(0,0.025g DW/mL,0.05g DW/mL and 0.1g DW/mL)of aqueous extract fromPhragmites communis leaves on the growth and physiobiochemical characteristics of the invasive plant species Solidago canadensis.During the test(0-45d),cumulative growth of basal diameter and height of S.canadensis was significantly reduced with stronger extract concentrations while the mortality significantly increased.Chlorophyll content continued to decrease with time,and the higher the extract concentration the lower the chlorophyll content,while carotenoid content initially increased but then decreased.When treated at a low concentration(0.025g DW/mL),the activities of peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)increased as processing time was prolonged,but when the concentration continued to rise,they both increased initially but then decreased.Catalase activity(CAT)and malondialdehyde(MDA)content increased when the concentration of extract increased,and both increased with processing time.Soluble protein content and root activity decreased at higher concentrations,and the trend was exacerbated with prolonged processing.The results indicate that allelopathic effects of P.communis on S.canadensis became stronger with increased concentration and processing time.
An SMA Survey of Chemistry in Disks Around Herbig AeBe Stars

Protoplanetary disks around Herbig AeBe stars are exciting targets for studying the chemical environments where giant planets form. Save for a few disks, however, much of Herbig AeBe disk chemistry is an open frontier. We present a Submillimeter Array ∼213–268 GHz pilot survey of millimeter continuum CO isotopologs and other small molecules in disks around five Herbig AeBe stars (HD 34282, HD 36112, HD 38120, HD 142666, and HD 144432). We detect or tentatively detect 12CO 2–1 and 13CO 2–1 from four disks, C18O 2–1 and HCO+ 3–2 from three disks, HCN 3–2, CS 5–4, and DCO+ 3–2 from two disks, and C2H 3–2 and DCN 3–2 from one disk each. H2CO 3–2 is undetected at the sensitivity of our observations. The millimeter continuum images of HD 34282 suggest a faint, unresolved source ∼5. ″0 away, which could arise from a distant orbital companion or an extended spiral arm. We fold our sample into a compilation of T Tauri and Herbig AeBe/F disks from the literature. Altogether, most line fluxes generally increase with millimeter continuum flux. Line flux ratios between CO 2–1 isotopologs are nearest to unity for the Herbig AeBe/F disks. This may indicate emitting layers with relatively similar, warmer temperatures and more abundant CO relative to the disk dust mass. Lower HCO+ 3–2 flux ratios may reflect lower ionization in Herbig AeBe/F disks. Lower detection rates and flux ratios for DCO+ 3–2, DCN 3–2, and H2CO 3–2 suggest smaller regimes of cold chemistry around the luminous Herbig AeBe/F stars.
STUDIES OF THE ECDYSIOTROPIC ACTIVITY OF JUVENILE HORMONE IN PUPAE OF THE TOBACCO HORNWORM, MANDUCA SEXTA

Topical administration of a juvenile hormone analog (JHA) to pupae of the tobacco hornworm accelerated the initiation of adult development and proved to be an ecdysiotropic stimulus even in the absence of the brain. Nevertheless, individuals developing in response to JHA were never normal. In fact, doses of JHA too low to accelerate development often provoked typical abnormalities in the resulting moths. Allatectomy of either diapause-destined or non-diapause pupae failed to alter the time course of adult development. In line with this finding, corpora allata (CA) from both diapause-destined and non-diapause pupae were without activity in two juvenile hormone (JH) bioassays. These results suggest that JH is not involved in the normal initiation of adult development. Indeed, it must be absent for normal development to proceed. Evidently, the ecdysiotropic effect of exogenous JH in pupae reflects a sensitivity to JH retained from the larval period.
Inhibition of MAN2A1 Enhances the Immune Response to Anti–PD-L1 in Human Tumors

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockade has shown remarkable efficacy, but in only a minority of patients with cancer, suggesting the need to develop additional treatment strategies. Aberrant glycosylation in tumors, resulting from the dysregulated expression of key enzymes in glycan biosynthesis, modulates the immune response. However, the role of glycan biosynthesis enzymes in antitumor immunity is poorly understood. We aimed to study the immunomodulatory effects of these enzymes. Experimental Design: We integrated transcriptional profiles of treatment-naïve human tumors and functional CRISPR screens to identify glycometabolism genes with immunomodulatory effects. We further validated our findings using in vitro coculture and in vivo syngeneic tumor growth assays. Results: We identified MAN2A1, encoding an enzyme in N-glycan maturation, as a key immunomodulatory gene. Analyses of public immune checkpoint blockade trial data also suggested a synergy between MAN2A1 inhibition and anti–PD-L1 treatment. Loss of Man2a1 in cancer cells increased their sensitivity to T-cell–mediated killing. Man2a1 knockout enhanced response to anti–PD-L1 treatment and facilitated higher cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in tumors under anti–PD-L1 treatment. Furthermore, a pharmacologic inhibitor of MAN2A1, swainsonine, synergized with anti–PD-L1 in syngeneic melanoma and lung cancer models, whereas each treatment alone had little effect. Conclusions: Man2a1 loss renders cancer cells more susceptible to T-cell–mediated killing. Swainsonine synergizes with anti–PD-L1 in suppressing tumor growth. In light of the limited efficacy of anti–PD-L1 and failed phase II clinical trial on swainsonine, our study reveals a potential therapy combining the two to overcome tumor immune evasion. See related commentary by Bhat and Kabelitz, p. 5778
Deep Margin Elevation for Indirect Bonded Restorations: A Clinical Report

DOI: 10.21276/sjds.2018. 5.1. 2 Abstract: Localized subgingival margins can complicate the use of indirect bonded restorations (isolation, impression taking, and luting) and subsequently impede their durability and relationship with the periodontal tissues. This article proposes a technique involving placement of a sectional matrix followed by immediate dentin sealing and coronal elevation of the deep margin to a supragingival position using a direct bonded composite resin base. The deep margin elevation technique may be a useful noninvasive alternative to surgical crown lengthening. This technique is a relatively recent technique whose benefits seem recognized.