Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wallhead of teaching : Instruction , feedback , and activity level Behaviors of students and teachers in the command , practice , and inclusion styles

Validating selected theoretical assumptions associated with the Spectrum of Teaching Styles is critical to the pursuit of knowledge about effective instructional strategies. To assess these styles, a total of 77 college-aged students at one university enrolled in four physical activity classes and participated in three 50-minute lessons with different teaching styles. One lesson was delivered in the command teaching style, one in the practice teaching style, and one in the inclusion teaching style. All 12 lessons (three to each class) were taught by one Spectrum trained teacher. Students performed the same series of five Pilate’s abdominal exercises in all three lessons. Three observation instruments were used to systematically code instructional climate (Stewart, 1989), time-on-fitness (Chung, 1989), and teacher feedback (Dodds, 1989; Mosston and Ashworth, 2002). Descriptive statistics were computed for the student and teacher behaviors. One-way ANOVAs were used to examine behavior differences among teaching styles. The results revealed that the amount of time spent in instruction was higher in the inclusion style of teaching and amount of time spent in activity was lower. Within active fitness time, no differences were revealed across teaching styles. Individual skill feedback was provided at a higher rate in the practice and inclusion styles of Corresponding author: Mark Byra, Division of Kinesiology and Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Wyoming, Dept. 3196, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, USA. Email: byra@uwyo.edu European Physical Education Review 2014, Vol. 20(1) 3–19 a The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1356336X13495999 epe.sagepub.com
Reduced Compsilura concinnata parasitism of New England saturniid larvae

In the northeastern U.S.A. , the non‐native generalist parasitoid Compsilura concinnata, introduced in the early 20th Century to control forest pests, has been linked to the decline of giant silk moths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Field research conducted in New England in the late 1990s on two saturniid species, Hyalophora cecropia and Callosamia promethea, found that C. concinnata parasitized 81% and 68%, respectively, when larvae were reared outdoors and replaced weekly. These parasitism rates, extrapolated over the larval period, would prevent any larvae from reaching pupation. In 2017 and 2018, this field experiment was repeated using these same two saturniid species for the same duration and at the same site, location and time of year. In 2017, C. concinnata parasitized only 19% of H. cecropia larvae and 1% of C. promethea larvae; in 2018, parasitism rates were 3% and 0%, respectively.
Physical Activity, Obesity, Family History, and Their Associations with Hypertension among the Elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh

Background: Hypertension is an important global health challenge due to its high prevalence and resulting cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity, obesity, family history, with hypertension among the elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study carried out in Aceh Singkil, Aceh, Indo­ne­sia. A sample of 132 elderly was selected for this study, consis­t­ing 66 elderly with hyper­tension and 66 elderly without hypertension. The depen­dent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were physical activity, obesity, and fa­mily history. Hypertension data was measured by sphygmo­ma­nometer. The other data were collected by qu­e­s­tionnaire. The data were analy­zed by a multiple logistic regression model. Results: Hypertension was associated with phy­sical inactivity (OR= 5.12; 95% CI=2.41 to 10.86; p<0.001), obesity (OR= 3.30; 95% CI= 1.61 to 6.74; p<0.001), and family history (OR=7.73; 95% CI=3.56 to 16.78; p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical activity, obesity, and fa­mily history, are associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Keyword s : physical activity, obesity, family history, hypertension Correspondence: Ricca Nophia Amra. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera. Email: ricca.ubudiyah­@­gmail. ­com. Mobile: 085260686305 Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 5(1): 45-51 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020. 05.01. 05
Correlation studies for shoot fly [Atherigona soccata (Rondani)] resistance traits in F3 generation of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

Field screening of 120 F3 families of sorghum lines against shoot fly resistance was carried out at Millet Breeding Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University during Summer 2018. Leaf trichome density on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces showed significant negative correlation with oviposition preference of shoot fly on 14 and 21 days after emergence and dead heart incidence on 21 and 28 DAE. Leaf glossiness and seedling vigour rating scale showed high significant positive correlation with shoot fly oviposition and dead hearts. Genotypic correlation confirmed that the number of trichomes on both surfaces of lamina, leaf glossiness and seedling vigour contributed resistance to shoot fly. Thus these characters can be used as selection criteria for breeding shoot fly resistance genotypes.
External Engagement: Explaining the Spread of Electoral Participation Provisions in Civil Conflict Settlements

Author(s): Matanock, AM | Abstract: ©The Author(s) (2018). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Studies Association. All rights reserved. When do settlements to civil conflict bring former combatants into normal politics as political parties? Prior work shows that electoral-participation provisions in settlements correlate with enduring peace; such provisions help end some of the longest and deadliest civil conflicts. But they are not always included in negotiated settlements. This article presents original data showing that no settlements included electoral-participation provisions until the end of the Cold War. Since then, they appear in almost half of all settlements. What explains this pattern? I argue that combatants include electoral-participation provisions to engage international actors; through these provisions, international actors can often enforce negotiated deals by monitoring and providing incentives conditioned on combatant compliance. This helps to overcome commitment problems that often prevent peaceful settlements of civil conflicts. An analysis of data on civil conflicts and settlements since 1975, as well as illustrative case evidence, provides support this argument.
Field-warmed soil carbon changes imply high 21st-century modeling uncertainty

Abstract. The feedback between planetary warming and soil carbon loss has been the focus of considerable scientific attention in recent decades, due to its potential to accelerate anthropogenic climate change. The soil carbon temperature sensitivity is traditionally estimated from short-term respiration measurements – either from laboratory incubations that are artificially manipulated or from field measurements that cannot distinguish between plant and microbial respiration. To address these limitations of previous approaches, we developed a new method to estimate soil temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil carbon directly from warming-induced changes in soil carbon stocks measured in 36 field experiments across the world. Variations in warming magnitude and control organic carbon percentage explained much of field-warmed organic carbon percentage (R2 = 0.96), revealing Q10 across sites of 2.2 [1.6, 2.7] 95 % confidence interval (CI). When these field-derived Q10 values were extrapolated over the 21st century using a post hoc correction of 20 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) Earth system model outputs, the multi-model mean soil carbon stock changes shifted from the previous value of 88 ± 153 Pg carbon (weighted mean ± 1 SD) to 19 ± 155 Pg carbon with a Q10-driven 95 % CI of 248 ± 191 to −95 ± 209 Pg carbon. On average, incorporating the field-derived Q10 values into Earth system model simulations led to reductions in the projected amount of carbon sequestered in the soil over the 21st century. However, the considerable parameter uncertainty led to extremely high variability in soil carbon stock projections within each model; intra-model uncertainty driven by the field-derived Q10 was as great as that between model variation. This study demonstrates that data integration should capture the variation of the system, as well as mean trends.
Effects of Adding Coated Urea on in vitro Gas Production of Dairy Cow

In this experiment the effects of different urea products (urea, Paraffin-sulfur Coated Urea (PSCU) and controlled release urea product (Optigen, Alltech Inc., Lexington, KY)) on rumen fermentation were investigated in dependence of different diet sources by using in vitro techniques. The experiment followed a completely randomized design using four N-source treatmentes (urea, Paraffin-sulfur Coated Urea, Optigen and canola meal) in four diets (wheat straw+ %3 isonitrogenous of each N-source, barley grain+ %3 isonitrogenous of each N-source, barley grain+ molasses+ %3 isonitrogenous of each N-source and formulated TMR diets for dairy cow+ %3 isonitrogenous), the cumulative gas production (96 hours) influenced by diets and N-source treatments was different, which was higher gas production in formulated TMR diets for dairy cow and least gas production in wheat straw. The result indicated that Optigen (90.82) and then PSCU (90.81) the highest gas producer in the formulated TMR diets for dairy cow and the canola meal (69.04) and urea (69.43) had the least gas production in wheat straw (P<005). As a result, little difference between treatments for slow-release urea with control (canola) was observed in animal experiments. And therefore reducing feed costs and increasing the efficiency of the rumen microorganisms can be used NPN sources as a replacement for part of dietary protein.
Regulation of Myofilament Contractile Function in Human Donor and Failing Hearts

Heart failure (HF) often includes changes in myocardial contractile function. This study addressed the myofibrillar basis for contractile dysfunction in failing human myocardium. Regulation of contractile properties was measured in cardiac myocyte preparations isolated from frozen, left ventricular mid-wall biopsies of donor (n = 7) and failing human hearts (n = 8). Permeabilized cardiac myocyte preparations were attached between a force transducer and a position motor, and both the Ca2+ dependence and sarcomere length (SL) dependence of force, rate of force, loaded shortening, and power output were measured at 15 ± 1°C. The myocyte preparation size was similar between groups (donor: length 148 ± 10 μm, width 21 ± 2 μm, n = 13; HF: length 131 ± 9 μm, width 23 ± 1 μm, n = 16). The maximal Ca2+-activated isometric force was also similar between groups (donor: 47 ± 4 kN⋅m–2; HF: 44 ± 5 kN⋅m–2), which implicates that previously reported force declines in multi-cellular preparations reflect, at least in part, tissue remodeling. Maximal force development rates were also similar between groups (donor: ktr = 0.60 ± 0.05 s–1; HF: ktr = 0.55 ± 0.04 s–1), and both groups exhibited similar Ca2+ activation dependence of ktr values. Human cardiac myocyte preparations exhibited a Ca2+ activation dependence of loaded shortening and power output. The peak power output normalized to isometric force (PNPO) decreased by ∼12% from maximal Ca2+ to half-maximal Ca2+ activations in both groups. Interestingly, the SL dependence of PNPO was diminished in failing myocyte preparations. During sub-maximal Ca2+ activation, a reduction in SL from ∼2.25 to ∼1.95 μm caused a ∼26% decline in PNPO in donor myocytes but only an ∼11% change in failing myocytes. These results suggest that altered length-dependent regulation of myofilament function impairs ventricular performance in failing human hearts.
Effect of oxygenated water as a new treatment modality on experimentally induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis

The aim of the present study was directed to investigate the effect of oxygenated water as a new treatment modality on experimentally induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis. Material and methods: Eighty-five Syrian male hamsters, five weeks old, weighing 80-120g. The experimental animals were divided into three groups, GI (negative control): 5 animals left untreated. GII {Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) treated group}: 30 animals were painted with 0.5% DMBA in paraffin oil using 3 times a week for 4 weeks (GIIA), 8 weeks (GIIB) and12 weeks (GIIC). GIII (oxygenated water treated group): 45 animals, following each period of DMBA-treatment, were treated in the normal drinking (free access) in addition to once daily obligatory by oral tube for 5 weeks which divided into 3 subgroups GIIIA, GIIIB and GIIIC. Results: Gross observation and histopathological findings revealed a-GI: normal stratified squamous epithelium b- GIIA, GIIIA and GIIIB: mild epithelial dysplasia c: GIIB: moderate and severe epithelial dysplasia d: GIIC and GIIIC: well and moderately differentiated SCC. Immunohistochemical results revealed variable observations among the treated groups (GII and GIII) compared to that observed in group GI. Conclusion: Oxygenated water is considered as a promising treatment agent in preventing of induced HBP carcinogenesis (epithelial dysplasia & invasive carcinoma).
Validation of processed animal proteins (mono-PAPS) in experimental diets for juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata
 L.) as primary fish meal replacers within a European perspective

Experimental diets were formulated to evaluate a “pure” poultry meat meal (PMM) source in diets formulated for juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.). The digestible protein contribution of fish meal in a control diet was substituted by 25%, 50% and 75% of a processed poultry meat meal (PMM) on a digestible crude protein (DCP) basis and by 5% and 10% for an enzyme‐treated feather meal (EFM) and also a spray‐dried haemaglobin meal (SDHM), respectively. In a consecutive trial, diets were designed to assess the value of a “pure” (defatted) poultry protein substituting the fish meal (FM) protein content. Experimental diets included: a control diet, two test diets where 75% of FM was replaced by a full‐fat PMM (PMM75) or a defatted grade of PMM (dPMM75) and two test diets where 50% of FM was substituted for defatted PMM (dPMM50) or a 50:50 blend of soya bean meal and defatted PMM (SBM/dPMM) to produce a composite product. This soya bean/dPMM blend was tested to enhance the nutritional value of this key plant ingredient commonly employed in sea bream diets that can be deficient in specific amino acids and minerals. In the first trial, gilthead sea bream grew effectively on diets containing up to the 75% replacement of FM attaining a mean weight of 63.6 g compared to 67.8 g for the FM control fed group. For the consecutive trial, the fishmeal‐based control diet yielded the highest SGR followed by dPMM50 and SBM/dPMM blend inclusion but was not significant. Carcass FA profiles of gilthead sea bream conformed to the expected changes in relation to the dietary FA patterns, with the 18:1n‐9 representative of the poultry lipid signature becoming more apparent with PMM inclusion. The ratio of n‐3/n‐6 fatty acids was greatly affected in sea bream fed the full‐fat PMM at 75% inclusion due to fish oil exclusion. Defatted dPMM, however, allowed more of the fish oil to be used in the diet and reducing this latter effect in sea bream carcass, hence restoring the higher total omega‐3 HUFA fatty acids namely EPA and DHA and n‐3/n‐6 ratio. It is concluded that poultry meat meal can be modestly incorporated into formulated diets for sea bream and can be used in conjunction with soya bean meal without any fundamental changes in performance and feed efficiency.
Place Determinants for the Personalization-Privacy Tradeoff among Students

Aim/Purpose This exploratory study investigates the influential factors of users’ decisions in the dilemma of whether to agree to online personalization or to protect their online privacy. Background Various factors related to online privacy and anonymity were considered, such as user’s privacy concern on the Web in general and particularly on social networks, user online privacy literacy, and field of study. Methodology To this end, 155 students from different fields of study in the Israeli academia were administered closed-ended questionnaires. Findings The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that as the participants’ privacy concern increases, they tend to prefer privacy protection over online personalization. In addition, there were significant differences between men and women, as men tended to favor privacy protection more than women did. Impact on Society This research has social implications for the academia and general public as they show it is possible to influence the personalization-privacy tradeoff and encourage users to prefer privacy protection by raising their concern for the preservation of their online privacy. Furthermore, the users’ preference to protect their privacy even at the expense of their online malleability may lead to the reduction of online privacy-paradox behavior.
Unraveling Tumor-Immune Heterogeneity in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Uncovers Immunogenic Effect of Chemotherapy

In metastatic cancer, the role of heterogeneity at the tumor-immune microenvironment, its molecular underpinnings and clinical relevance remain largely unexplored. To understand tumor-immune dynamics at baseline and upon chemotherapy treatment, we performed unbiased pathway and cell type-specific immunogenomics analysis of treatment-naive (38 samples from 8 patients) and paired chemotherapy treated (80 paired samples from 40 patients) high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples. Whole transcriptome analysis and image-based quantification of T cells from treatment-naive tumors revealed ubiquitous variability in immune signaling and distinct immune microenvironments co-existing within the same individuals and within tumor deposits at diagnosis. To systematically explore cell type composition of the tumor microenvironment using bulk mRNA, we derived consensus immune and stromal cell gene signatures by intersecting state-of-the-art deconvolution methods, providing improved accuracy and sensitivity when compared to HGSOC immunostaining and leukocyte methylation data sets. Cell-type deconvolution and pathway analyses revealed that Myc and Wnt signaling associate with immune cell exclusion in untreated HGSOC. To evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on the intrinsic tumor-immune heterogeneity, we compared site-matched and site-unmatched tumors before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Transcriptomic and T-cell receptor sequencing analyses showed that site-matched samples had increased cytotoxic immune activation and oligoclonal expansion of T cells after chemotherapy, which was not seen in site-unmatched samples where heterogeneity could not be accounted for. These results demonstrate that the tumor-immune interface in advanced HGSOC is intrinsically heterogeneous, and thus requires site-specific analysis to reliably unmask the impact of therapy on the tumor-immune microenvironment.
Modulation: A Translation Method to Obtain Naturalness in Target Language Texts

One of the requirements in order to produce equivalent translation is that the translation must sound natural for target language (TL) readers both lexically and grammatically. This naturalness can be obtained through the use of both lexical items and grammar familiar to the TL readers. However, naturalness in translation is not always easy to achieve. One of the causes is the difference in the way the source language (SL) and TL readers express a certain message in their languages. According to Vinay and Darbelnet (1995) this difference can be overcome by applying a translation method called modulation. Modulation is a method in which translators try to maintain naturalness by using various form the message done by changing the point of view. This procedure is usually chosen when translators find that literal translation would result in awkward or unnatural translation.Keywords: modulation, naturalness, equivalence
Patent Publication and Innovation

We measure how patent publication affects innovation by exploiting the American Inventor’s Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA), which accelerated public disclosure of US patents by about 1.5 years. We obtain causal estimates by comparing US patents subject to AIPA with “twin” European patents that were not. Post-AIPA, US patents receive more and faster follow-on citations, indicating greater technology diffusion. Technological overlap increases between distant but related patents and decreases between highly similar patents, and patent applications are less likely to be abandoned, suggesting less duplicative R&D. Publicly listed firms exposed to 1 standard deviation longer patent grant delays increased R&D by 4% post-AIPA.
Is Tuber brumale a threat to T. melanosporum and T. aestivum plantations?

Abstract: True truffles in the genus Tuber are the most valuable ectomycorrhizal fungi and their cultivation has become widespread around the world. Competition with other ectomycorrhizal fungi and especially with undesired Tuber species, like T. brumale, can threaten the success of a truffle plantation. In this work, the competitiveness of T. brumale towards T. melanosporum and T. aestivum was assessed in a 14 year-old plantation carried out planting seedlings inoculated with these three truffle species in adjacent plots. Analyses of both truffle ectomycorrhizas and extra-radical mycelium were carried out in the transects separating the T. brumale plot from T. melanosporum and T. aestivum plots. The results confirm the competitiveness of T. brumale against T. aestivum and T. melanosporum due to its major ability to colonize the soil around its ectomycorrhizas. However, its competitiveness is limited to the transect areas and it was never found inside T. melanosporum plot. These results remark that, in presence of optimal conditions for T. melanosporum and T. aestivum, the greatest risk of contamination with T. brumale is due to wrong greenhouse activity.
SOME SIMILARITY MEASURES FOR PICTURE FUZZY SETS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

In this work, we shall present some novel process to measure the similarity between picture fuzzy sets. Firstly, we adopt the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets and picture fuzzy sets. Secondly, we develop some similarity measures between picture fuzzy sets, such as, cosine similarity measure, weighted cosine similarity measure, set-theoretic similarity measure, weighted set-theoretic cosine similarity measure, grey similarity measure and weighted grey similarity measure. Then, we apply these similarity measures between picture fuzzy sets to building material recognition and minerals field recognition. Finally, two illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the similarity measures for building material recognition and minerals field recognition.