Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomy of a Psychological Theory: Integrating Construct-Validation and Computational-Modeling Methods to Advance Theorizing

Discussions about the replicability of psychological studies have primarily focused on improving research methods and practices, with less attention paid to the role of well-specified theories in facilitating the production of reliable empirical results. The field is currently in need of clearly articulated steps to theory specification and development, particularly regarding frameworks that may generalize across different fields of psychology. Here we focus on two approaches to theory specification and development that are typically associated with distinct research traditions: computational modeling and construct validation. We outline the points of convergence and divergence between them to illuminate the anatomy of a scientific theory in psychology—what a well-specified theory should contain and how it should be interrogated and revised through iterative theory-development processes. We propose how these two approaches can be used in complementary ways to increase the quality of explanations and the precision of predictions offered by psychological theories.
The Influence of Pain on Frailty among the Elderly: Based on Korea Health Panel

Background: Interests between pain and frailty have been increasing in aging or aged societies. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of pain and frailty and to find the influence of pain on frailty. Methods: Subjects were selected with aged 65 yr or older among pooled Korea Health Panel data from 2009 to 2013. The prevalence of pain was determined by combining some pain and extreme pain and also, frailty was defined when subjects had at least one of the following 6-domain frailty: physical inactivity, mobility reduction, dependence of daily life, depression, multimorbidity, and disability. Results: The prevalence of pain and frailty was 56.1% and 59.8%. It was significantly higher in female (66.1% and 65.2%) and the oldest-old (69.4% and 71.8%). After adjusting for gender, age group, spouse, illiteracy, and economic activity, odds ratios of frailty for some pain and extreme pain were 2.8 (95% CI 2.6–3.0) and 10.5 (95% CI 8.0–13.8) in total subjects. The odds ratios of each 6-domain frailty for some and extreme pain were also significant. Among them, mobility reduction was 5.1 (95% CI 4.5–5.8) and 16.5 (95% CI 13.6–20.1), and dependence of daily life was 3.9 (95% CI 3.5–4.5) and 12.4 (95% CI 10.2–15.1). Conclusion: Among the elderly, prevalence of frailty (59.8%) was somewhat higher than that of pain (56.1%). Female and oldest-old had higher prevalence of pain and frailty. In addition, some pain and extreme pain had a decisive influence on frailty and each 6-domain frailty. Therefore, pain control is essential to prevent or manage frailty.
CHANGES IN ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED AND MARKET VALUE ADDED IN COMPANIES LISTED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE BEFORE AND AFTER MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS : AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Objectives: to find out the empirical evidence of the differences in Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market Value Added (MVA) before and after the companies carry out mergers and acquisitions. Methods: the research method used is quantitative with a comparative study. The study sample included 17 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the year of observation, which is 2010 to 2012. The sample provisions were companies that merged and acquired conducted an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in the year before the company carried out mergers and acquisitions. The dependent variable used is Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market Value Added (MVA). Results: the means value of EVA companies before and after mergers and acquisitions respectively were 16.76 and 18.24. The mean MVA of companies before and after mergers and acquisitions respectively were 16.23 and 19.83. The significance of the increase in EVA and MVA of companies before and after mergers and acquisitions respectively were 0.831 and 0.309 (significance level α <0.05). Implications: the results of the study indicate that there was an increase in EVA and MVA after mergers and acquisitions. It will be better if the company can choose investments in the form of mergers and acquisitions that are able to produce high returns for investors. Therefore, performance appraisal with EVA and MVA can provide improved or good results Changes in Economic Value Added and Market Value Added in Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange before and after Mergers and Acquisitions : An Empirical Study http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 2040 editor@iaeme.com
Multisensory Therapy in Letter Reversal of Dyslexic Pupils

This research is conducted to examine the problem of letters reversal among dyslexic pupils. The purpose of this study is to describe the multisensory therapy to solve the problem. The study sample consisted of ten dyslexic pupils from Malaysia Dyslexia Association at Ampang, Kuala Lumpur who have serious letters reversal problems. In this study, the researcher limited the problem to reversal of letters of similar shape, namely /b/, /d/, /p/, /q/, /m/, /w/, /n/ and /u/ based on Levinson's Dyslexia Theory Syndrome (1994). In addition, a multisensory approach is used to solve the problem. This research uses observation, interviews and questionnaires methods. The research tools used are questionnaires and field notes. The results show that all the subjects in this study had the letter reversal problem of the eight letters, but the types of the letters that were reversed are different depending on the individuals. To solve this problem, the researchers developed ten therapies using multisensory approach and found that all of the therapies were able to solve the problem of letters reversal among the subjects. Through this research, teachers and parents can know the type of letters reversal among dyslexic pupils. This study also helps educators and parents plan appropriate and effective activities in solving the problem of the letters reversal that faced by their pupils and their children.
The titer base line of Brucella antigens in the healthy persons at rural community around Kirkuk city

One hundred eighty three serum samples were collected from healthy persons living in villages around Kirkuk city and tested for the presence of brucella antibodies using slide agglutination test. The results showed that 123 sample gives positive results ranged between 1/20 to 1/320 (67.2%), in addition Coomb ́s test was used also to test the serum samples which give negative result with slide agglutination test show 16.3% chronic cases. The investigations indicate that the populations of these villages are highly susceptible to Brucella antigens, so the normality of antigen 1/160 suggested being the base line for diagnosis of Brucellosis in these rural areas. Introduction Brucella spp. , like other pathogens, must cope with the environment of diverse host niches during the infection process (Diana et al, 2007). Brucellosis is a worldwide disease of humans and &livestock that is caused by a number of a very closely related classical Brucella species (Shirley et al, 2005). Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection transmitted from animals to humans by ingestion of infected food products, direct contact with an infected animal, or inhalation of aerosols. This last method of transmission is remarkably efficient given the relatively low concentration of organisms (as few as 10-100 bacteria) needed to establish infection in humans and has brought renewed attention to this old disease. (Mert et al, 2003). The genus Brucella consist of 6 recognized bacterial species & 2 proposed new species recently isolated from marine mammals (Garcia et al, 2006). In Iraq, human brucellosis is a widely distributed disease (Althuwani et al, 2001). Laboratory diagnosis of human brucellosis in Iraq has relied on serological tests, because blood culture is often negative. Sera of previous or latent infections showed agglutinins for Brucella antigens in low dilutions (Al-nadawi et al, 1994; Al-shaarbaf et al, 1988). Interpretation of standard Brucella agglutination tests; therefore needed to be based on the level of Brucella antibodies in the sera of the healthy population (Omer etal, 1978). Accordingly a number of surveys have previously been carried
Monte Carlo Simulations of Diblock Copolymer Thin Films Confined between Chemically Heterogeneous Hard Surfaces

Thin films of symmetric diblock copolymers confined between two hard, flat and parallel surfaces have been investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations on a simple cubic lattice. The upper surface is homogeneous, either neutral or preferential to one of the two blocks, and the lower surface is stripe-patterned, with all the stripes having the same width Ls/2 and alternatively preferring A and B blocks with the same strength of preference. We studied the effects of surface configuration (including surface type, surface pattern period, and surface separation) on the morphology of confined diblock copolymer thin films. Our results show that two conditions are essential for obtaining macroscopically ordered (over micrometers) perpendicular lamellae in the confined films (with film thickness no less than the bulk lamellar period L0): a stripe-patterned substrate with pattern period Ls comparable to L0, which directs the ordering of perpendicular lamellae over a macroscopic scale, and a neutral or weakly p.
GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT AMONG SOME FICUS SPECIES USING MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND AFLPS

In the present investigation seventeen Ficus species grown in Egypt, collected from two botanical gardens, were studied using twenty leaf morphological characters based on the Fig (Ficus carica L.) IPGRI descriptor, and seven AFLP primer combinations. The morphological characters, included four measured and sixteen descriptive characteristics. The one-way ANOVA test for the measured traits showed significant differences among the seventeen Ficus species. F. microcarpa Hawai showed the lowest value for both leaf length and leaf width, while the highest leaf length and leaf width were revealed by F. hispida and F. carica, respectively. Moreover, Ficus carica possessed the distinctive unique descriptive character of leaf lobation, as it was the only species with five latate lobed leaf, while the other species had entirely unlobed blades. Ficus hispida and F. elastica Decora showed the largest leaf area (400-550 cm). Also, they were the only two species with serrate dentate leaf margin. On the other hand, the seven AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 662 amplicons across the seventeen species and 652 amplicons were polymorphic with a polymorphism rate of 98.49%. AFLP markers characterized each species with unique positive and/or negative markers. F. hispida amplified the highest number of unique markers (11positive markers) while, F. microcarpa Hawai revealed only 1 unique positive marker. The similarity index value ranged from 0.29 to 0.66 in species (F. microcarpa Hawai and F. carica) and (F. microcarpa Hawai and F. benjamina), respectively. The dendrograms constructed from UPGMA clustering algorithm for the morphological and AFLP datasets revealed different topologies. Nevertheless, these dendrograms showed some similarities, for example, the grouping F. lutea and F. afzelii. Also, the grouping of F. virens and F. trijuja based on morphological and AFLP markers.
The Effects of Period and Nonlinearity on Energy Demands of MDOF and E-SDOF Systems under Pulse-Type Near-Fault Earthquake Records

The use of the concept of earthquake input energy under far-filed earthquakes and types of internal energy in structures has recently been mentioned to develop the performance-based design method. However, the extension of these studies to near-fault pulse-like earthquakes has been less considered. This paper calculates the applied ratios of energy types in the E-SDOF and MDOF systems and identifies the relationship between them. For this purpose, five steel frames (4, 10, 15, 20, and 30 story steel MRFs with 3-span) were designed, and obtained the E-SDOF structure equivalent to the first mode, using modal pushover analysis (MPA) method. All models were analyzed under 10 near-fault pulse-like earthquake records using nonlinear time history analysis. The results show that the total dissipated energy of the structure (TDE) depends on its nonlinear degree and period. The TDE of the MDOF and E-SDOF systems is equal for long periods, and its size is independent of the design resistance (R) and the degree of nonlinearity. However, in short periods, this ratio is close to the effective modal mass coefficient corresponding to the first mode. The story normalized hysteretic energy ratio is also a function of the height, nonlinear degree and period of the structure.
Teachers’ Perception about Terrorism in Swat: A Qualitative Study

This qualitative study explored the perceptions of teachers about the causes and consequences of terrorism in Swat, Pakistan. Pakistan in general and Swat in particular have witnessed terrorism on a large scale during the recent decades. Education has been a consistent target of terrorist attacks in Pakistan in recent years. Teachers are one of the most important elements in the education sector, therefore this study explored teachers’ perceptions regarding the issue. Data were collected from 20 teachers (10 men, 10 women) from district Swat. The sample was selected through purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the respondents to collect data. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings indicate that lack of education, lack of good governance, flawed security policies, corruption in the society, poverty and unemployment, religious extremism, economic inequality, weak judicial system, social injustice and lack of tolerance were major causes of terrorism in the area. The main consequences of terrorism included fear, insecurity, economic hardships and psychological problems among the populace. The study has important implications for policy makers, educational leaders, academics in Pakistan and elsewhere.
Electric properties of KTiOPO4 and NaTiOPO4 from temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction

Single crystals of KTiOPO4 (KTP) and NaTiOPO4 (NaTP) show pronounced pyroelectric behaviour. In order to determine the origin of this property on an atomic scale, X-ray diffraction measurements have been carried out at several temperatures between 100 and 600 K. Modelling of the electron density and the evolution of the structure as a function of temperature has enabled the determination of values for the spontaneous polarization of the compounds and the pyroelectric coefficient of KTP, principally due to the alkaline-ion displacements with a value of 2.0 nC cm−2 K−1. Structure modifications, compared with NaTiOPO4, and the calculation of the electrostatic potential explain the anisotropic behaviour of ionic conductivity of KTP single crystals.
Lower-Limb Falling Detection System Using Gated Recurrent Neural Networks

—Accidental falls are one of the most common causes of premature disability and mortality related to unnatural causes. This affects mainly the elderly population. With the current aging of the population, the rate of accidental falls increases. Computer systems for gait analysis and fast assistance in ubiquitous environments can be effective tools to prevent these accidents. In this article we present the advances in the creation of an intelligent device for detecting falls and risk situations based on accelerometer signals registered on the user’s ankle. The proposed method makes use of Deep Learning techniques, speciﬁcally Gated Recurrent Neural Networks. The results show that the proposed model is a viable alternative to detect falls and fall risk, which can be implemented in low performance devices for greater autonomy, lower cost and comfortable portability. These results open the possibility of combining fall detection with a biomechanical analysis system to identify gait deﬁciencies and their relation with falls.
A Retrospective Study on Reasons for Seeking Treatment for Dental Caries and the Associated Factors

Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases globally and have serious health and economic burdens, greatly reducing the quality of life. The most prevalent and consequential oral diseases globally are dental caries and periodontal disease. Dentistry is perceived to be a useful service only when necessary. People often delay visiting a dentist until they have an acute dental problem. However, there are several advantages of seeking oral care at early stages of oral diseases. First the treatment can be undertaken before the disease process has caused much damage to the oral structures, thus improving the success rate of the treatment. Secondly, the treatment thus rendered would be less expensive because treating early oral lesions is cheaper in terms of shorter treatment time and less material used for the treatment compared to treating advanced lesions. Thirdly, early oral lesions cause less or no pain at all. Therefore the impact of oral disease to the quality of life and to the economic activities of an individual is minimized. Dental caries is one of the most common preventable diseases which is recognized as the primary cause of oral pain and tooth loss. It is a major public health oral disease which hinders the achievement and maintenance of oral health in all age groups . The available literature revealed the scarcity of studies on dental treatment seeking behaviour of people. Hence, the present study was conducted with an objective of finding out the reason for seeking treatment for dental carious lesions and the associated factors like Age, Gender. This retrospective study was carried out at Saveetha dental college. A total of 1818 patient records were screened and data like age, gender, chief complaints were collected and tabulated in excel sheets. Chi square test was done to check the association between these factors. Out of 1818 cases, 36% cases had reported for pain, 5% reported for spots, 0.6% reported for dislodged old restoration, 11% for general dental check up. Within the limitation of the study, most of the cases reported for pain and sensitivity followed by discoloration (spots) on teeth and fractured teeth.
EFFECTS OF FERTILIZER TYPES ON THE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ATTRIBUTES OF MUSKMELON (CUCUMIS MELO L. CV. AHLAM) UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS

Nowadays, consuming biological fertilizers and natural compounds is considered as the major basis of sustainable agriculture in order to reduce or remove chemical substances. In this case, the effects of the Nitroxin bio-fertilizer and fertilizers (more/less common) in different drought stresses (50, 75 and 100% of field capacity), was assessed within three intervals in Khonj, Fars, Iran during two successive years. The results revealed that drought stress and fertilizer type had a significant effect on the physiological and chemical attributes of muskmelon fruit. The lowest electrolyte leakage (EL) was observed in fertilizer treatment (0 and 60 kg/h) and 100% irrigation that has shown the fertilizers reduced EL in the treated plant. Since drought stress accompanied by the fertilizers, leaf relative water content was reduced, however, the application of both chemical and biological fertilizers increased the photosynthetic pigments including chlorophyll and carotenoid. Drought stress and application of fertilizers solely, increased malondialdehyde (MDA), phenol and antioxidant enzymes activities. According to the obtained results, using chemical and biological fertilizers in the low-irrigation conditions can improve the muskmelon tolerance for overcoming the negative effects of drought stress.
DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN NON-FINANCIAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN: A CASE OF LISTED COMPANIES IN KSE

83 DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN NON-FINANCIAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN: A CASE OF LISTED COMPANIES IN KSE Faiza Khalil* Shahid Obaid** ABSTRACT This research is an effort to empirically test the factors influencing financial leverage of firms listed at Karachi Stock Exchange of non-financial sector in Pakistan. For this purpose, 322 firms are incorporated in the study and nine years of annual data from 2006 to 2014 related to capital structure of these firms is investigated. Liquidity, profitability, firm size and growth are taken as determinants of financial leverage and regression analysis is used to analyze their relation and significance level. Results are found to be as expected however few converse relations between variables are identified.
A High-Mobility Low-Bandgap Poly(2,7-carbazole) Derivative for Photovoltaic Applications

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Senior Citizen Centers Utilization: Role of Socio-Demographic Factors, Life Satisfaction and Health Condition in Korea

경로당 이용과 인구사회학적 요인, 삶의 만족도, 건강상태에 관한 연구* 송그룸, Bimala Sharma, 남은우 연세대학교 연세글로벌헬스센터, 연세대학교 일반대학원 보건행정학과, 네팔 포카라대학교 간다키의학대학 지역의료학과 Senior Citizen Centers Utilization: Role of Socio-Demographic Factors, Life Satisfaction and Health Condition in Korea Geurum Song, Bimala Sharma, Eun Woo Nam Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea, Department of Health Administration, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea, Community Medicine Department, Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal
Use of ultra-high-pressure homogenization to preserve apple juice without heat damage

Ultra-high-pressure homogenization (UHPH) is a technology for continuous treatment of fluid food products and can be applied to avoid thermal treatment of fruit juices. Treatment of fresh apple juice at homogenization pressures from 100 to 300 MPa and inlet temperatures of 4 °C or 20 °C caused important decreases in microbial counts when treatment pressure reached at least 200 MPa. After the treatment, counts were<1 log cfu/ml when homogenization pressure reached at least 200 MPa, and remained stable for more than 2 months at 4 °C. Hydroxymethylfurfural for thermal-treated juice reached values 100-fold higher than for its UHPH-treated or raw counterparts. Browning index was higher in non-thermal-treated juice, and it had an inverse correlation with the severity of UHPH treatment. Part of this browning occurred during Pilot Plant processing, but it kept on browning during preservation in juices in which PPO was not fully inactivated. UHPH treatment of apple juice may be an alternative to conventional thermal processing.
Controlling the alignment of neutral molecules by a strong laser field

A strong nonresonant nanosecond laser pulse is used to align neutral iodine molecules. The technique, applicable to both polar and nonpolar molecules, relies on the interaction between the strong laser field and the induced dipole moment of the molecules. The degree of alignment is enhanced by lowering the initial rotational energy of the molecules or by increasing the laser intensity. The alignment is measured by photodissociating the molecules with a femtosecond laser pulse and detecting the direction of the photofragments by imaging techniques. The strongest degree of alignment observed is 〈cos2 θ〉=0.81.