Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BEHAVIOR OF MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS UTILIZING NANOPOWDER IRON

Iron nanopowders for use in magnetorheological (MR) fluids were synthesized using a Microwave Plasma Synthesis technique developed at Materials Modification Inc (Fairfax VA). Transmission electron microscopy and surface area analysis measured iron particle size at 15–25 nm. The nanopowders were mixed into hydraulic oil to create nano-scale MR fluid. A micro-scale fluid was created using 45 μm iron particles as well as a hybrid fluid using a 50/50 mix of micro- and nanoparticles. All three fluids had a solids loading of 60% (w/w or weight by weight fraction). The fluids were tested in a flow mode rheometer fabricated from a modified damper using a sinusoidal input dynamometer over a speed range of 12.7 to 177.8 mm/s (0.5 to 6 in/s) and an input current range of 0 to 2 A. The yield stress and plastic viscosity of the MR fluid were characterized using a Bingham plastic model.
Hemodialysis Parameters and Pulse Wave Velocity

Abstract Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of ultrafiltration on the mechanical properties of the aorta using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) before and after hemodialysis (HD). Patients and Methods: This study included 80 patients who were on a long-term HD program. The input variables were anamnestic data, body composition monitor (BCM) parameters, and echocardiography findings. The assessment of hydration status was determined by BCM, whose work is based on the principle of multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy. Another diagnostic procedure was the use of an arteriograph apparatus to assess PWV and Augmentation Index (AIx). All measurements were performed before and after dialysis on the middle dialysis day of the week. Results: The participants were divided into two groups based on hydration status: the experimental group consisted of 40 overhydrated participants and the control group consisted of 40 normovolemic participants. Statistically, the following BCM parameters correlated significantly positively with PWV: total body fat (r = 0.222; P < 0.05), overhydration (r = 0.290; P < 0.001), and relative overhydration (r = 0.290; P < 0.001). From echocardiography findings, only left atrial diameter correlated statistically significantly positively with PWV (r = 0.359; P < 0.001). Comparison of the mean PWV values within the experimental group before and after HD showed a statistically significant decrease from 14.32 ± 2.34 m/s to 8.72 ± 1.52 m/s (Z = 3.254; P = 0.0001). Mean PWV values within the control group did not decrease significantly from 13.39 ± 1.32 m/s to 10.39 ± 1.18 m/s (Z = 0.524; P = 0.742). If we compare the mean values of PWV between groups, then before HD treatment, there was no statistically significant difference between groups with PWV values in the experimental group of 14.32 ± 2.34 m/s and the control group of 13.39 ± 1.32 m/s (Z = 0.762; P = 0.852). According to the results of univariate regression analysis before and after HD treatment, only overhydration showed an absolute effect on PWV before and after HD. Conclusion: Overhydration showed an effect on brachial-ankle PWV before and after HD, and brachial-ankle PWV should be followed in HD patients.
Streaming sausage, kink and tearing instabilities in a current sheet with applications to the earth's magnetotail

In this paper, the growth rate and eigenmode structures of the streaming sausage and kink instabilities in a current sheet with a super-Alfvenic flow are studied. Based on the linearized compressible MHD equations, we employ an initial-value method to obtain the growth rate and eigenmode profiles of the fastest growing mode which is either the streaming sausage mode or kink mode. The streaming sausage and kink instabilities, similar to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, are caused by the sheared plasma flow. The results show that for V0m = 2 VA∞ the sausage mode grows faster than the kink mode when β∞ 1.5, the streaming kink instability has a higher growth rate. Here VA∞ is the Alfven velocity and β∞ is the ratio between the plasma and magnetic pressures far away from the current layer, and V0m is the maximum velocity of plasma flow at the current sheet. In addition, an analytical dispersion equation is obtained for an ideal four-layer model of the current sheet in the incompressible limit. In the presence of a finite resistivity, the mixed sausage-tearing mode or the streaming tearing mode may be excited, which leads to the formation of plasmoids in the magnetotail. As an application to the Earth's magnetotail, where super-Alfvenic plasma flows are observed in the plasma sheet and β∞ ≃ 0.1–0.3 in the lobes, it is suggested that the streaming sausage and streaming tearing instabilities may occur in the magnetotail. Some of the north-then-south or south-then-north Bz signatures observed in the distant magnetotail may be associated with the streaming sausage mode or the mixed sausage-tearing mode. It is also pointed out that kink modes are unlikely to occur in the magnetotail.
Traditional veterinary practices associated with cattle healthcare in Marwar region of Rajasthan

The aim of the present study was to document ethnoveterinary plants and their formulation techniques in an unexplored region of India and to select candidate medicinal plants with high consensus factor and fidelity value for further in vitro investigation. Informants (55) were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 50 plants belonging to 35 families were used to treat cattle ailments in study area. Mostly whole plant and leaves (36 and 30%) were used in recipes formulation mostly in the form of decoction. Almost all plant parts were being used for medicinal purposes but whole plant (36%) was the most frequently used plant part followed by leaves (30%) and roots, fruits, seeds and others (8% each), respectively. Local farmers used these ethnomedicines to treat their cow. Gastrointestinal infections were found more common and majority of the plants were used against cow ailments. Recovery time of majority of the recipes was three to four days. Aged farmers and nomads had more traditional knowledge as compared to younger ones. Plants with high plants values could be further investigated in vitro for the search of some novel bioactive compounds and young generation should be educated regarding ethnoveterinary practices.
Tuning the local temperature during feedback controlled electromigration in gold nanowires

Feedback controlled electromigration (FCE) in metallic nanowires has been widely used for various purposes. However, the control of the local temperature during FCE remains a challenge. Here, we report that the environment temperature can be used as a knob to tune the local temperature during FCE in gold nanowires. FCE was performed in gold nanowires at various environment temperatures ranging from 4.2 K to 300 K. We find that the dissipated power normalized by the cross section area of the nano constriction is linearly proportional to the environment temperature. Interestingly, the estimated local maximum temperature parabolically depends on the environment temperature. A minimum in the local temperature can be reached if an appropriate environment temperature is chosen. Our findings are well supported by the finite element simulation. Moreover, the data indicates the coupling between FCE triggering current density and local temperature.
DETERMINING LEARNERS' BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS IN A TECHNOLOGY AND ANALYTICS ENHANCED ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENT

Within digitally-supported learning environments, learners need to observe themselves so that they can reflect on their strengths and weaknesses and take a step toward autonomous learning. Within the scope of this research, a technology and analytics enhanced assessment environment in which students can assess themselves was implemented and tested. In order to determine N = 108 students' ability to use the assessment environment, behavioral patterns were determined based on their individual characteristics, system interactions, lesson performances, achievement motivation, confidence, and study interest. Findings indicate different system usage and behavioral engagement with the assessment system. The outcomes of this design-based research project indicate hints on how such assessment systems can be made more effective in future implementation stages.
The Stars Surrounding WR 55

Photoelectric UBV photometry is presented for stars in a field closely adjacent to the Wolf‐Rayet star WR 55 (WN7) in a search for a possible parent cluster. There is a group of at least eight stars ∼7′ south‐southeast of the WR star forming a newly discovered, sparsely populated open cluster (designated C1331−622), but the stars are only 819 ± 26 pc distant, less than a quarter of the predicted distance to WR 55.
THE IMPACT OF AUTOMOBILE POLLUTED SOIL ON SEEDLING GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN SOME HIGHER PLANTS

Rapid increase in automobile density and discharge of different types of pollutants from automobile are a serious issue for whole civilized world and in Bhakkar also.Vehicle emission from automobiles released an enormous quantity of toxic pollutants likewise nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon mono oxide, heavy metals particularly lead, cadmium in environment and produced harmful effects on germination and growth of plants. This study was aim to investigate the effect of automobile polluted soil on the growth of some tree species. In present study the variation in seedling growth performance of three different selected tree species namely, Acacia nilotica L. , Albizia lebbeck L. (Benth.) and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. raised in roadside polluted soils of District Bhakkar, Pakistan were recorded in the pots. Results showed that root, shoot, seedling length, number of leaves, and seedling dry weight of Acacia nilotica grown in polluted road soils of Bhakkar-Khansar road showed a significant (p<0.05) decline. Statistical analysis of recorded data showed that root growth and leaf area of Albizia lebbeck in the soil of Bhakkar-Khansar road soil significantly (p<0.05) decreased as compared to control. Similarly, a significant (p<0.05) reduction in shoot, seedling length, number of leaves, leaf area and seedling dry weight performance of E. globulus in polluted soils of Bhakkar-Notak was recorded.
A quasi-static model of drop impact

We develop a conceptually simple theoretical model of non-wetting drop impact on a rigid surface at small Weber numbers. Flat and curved impactor surfaces are considered, and the influence of surface curvature is elucidated. Particular attention is given to characterizing the contact time of the impact and the coefficient of restitution, the goal being to provide a reasonable estimate for these two parameters with the simplest model possible. Approximating the shape of the drop during impact as quasi-static allows us to derive the governing differential equation for the droplet motion from a Lagrangian. Predictions of the resulting model are shown to compare favorably with previously reported experimental results.
Establishment and verification of a nomogram to predict tumor-specific mortality risk in triple-negative breast cancer: a competing risk model based on the SEER cohort study

Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the subtype of breast cancer with the worst prognosis, and traditional survival analysis methods are biased when predicting mortality. To predict the risk of death in patients with triple-negative breast cancer more precisely, a competing risk model was developed. Methods The clinicopathological data of the TNBC patients from 2010 to 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The data were assigned into a training set and testing set at a ratio of 7:3 in a randomized pattern. Univariate and multivariate competing risk models were applied to find the independent prognostic factors. A prediction nomogram for cancer-specific mortality (CSM) risk was constructed. The accuracy and discrimination of the nomogram were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC), concordance index (C-index), and a calibration curve using the training and testing sets, respectively. Results A total of 28,430 TNBC patients were randomly grouped into the training set (n=19,900) and the testing set (n=8,530). The median time for follow-up was 59 [1–107] months. A total of 7,014 (24.67%) patients died, among whom 4,801 (68.45%) died from breast cancer and 2,213 (31.55%) due to non-breast cancer events. The independent risk factors were primary site of tumor, grade, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, T stage, approach of surgery, chemotherapy, axillary lymph node metastases, brain metastases, and liver metastases. The prediction nomogram was constructed by using the aforementioned variables. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year AUC of CSM were predicted to be 0.856, 0.81, and 0.782, respectively, in the training set, and 0.856, 0.81, and 0.782 in the testing set, respectively. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.801 and 0.799 in the training and testing sets, respectively. As confirmed by the validation and training calibration curves, the nomogram was consistent with the results. Conclusions We used competing risk models to identify risk factors for CSM and constructed a CSM risk prediction nomogram for TNBC patients, that may be utilized to predict CSM risk in TNBC patients clinically and assist in the creation of individualised clinical treatment options.
Fuzzy Bayesian networks-a general formalism for representation, inference and learning with hybrid Bayesian networks

The paper proposes a general formalism for representation, inference and learning with general hybrid Bayesian networks. The formalism fuzzifies a hybrid Bayesian network into two alternative forms, which are called fuzzy Bayesian network (FBN) form-I and form-II. The first form replaces each continuous variable in the given directed acyclic graph (DAG) with a partner discrete variable and adding a directed link from the partner discrete variable to the continuous one. The second form only replaces each continuous variable whose descendants include discrete variables with a partner discrete variable and adding a directed link from that partner discrete variable to the continuous one. For the two forms of FBN, general inference algorithms exist which are extensions of the junction tree inference algorithm for discrete Bayesian networks.
Effects of phonetic experience on neural processing of English /r/ and /l/ by Korean and Japanese listeners

The effects of phonetic experience on behavioral and neurophysiological processing of English /r/ and /l/ by Koreans and Japanese were compared to speakers of American English. Although English /r/ and /l/ are not phonemic in both Korean and Japanese languages, Koreans have a pseudo phonetic [ɾ]-[ll] model available for perception of English, /r/-/l/ sounds in medial position, while Japanese do not. Speech stimuli were a continuum of synthetic stimuli ranging from perceived /iri/ to perceived /ili/. To date, five subjects in each language group have been tested. As predicted, behavioral results show that English medial /r/ and /l/ were perceived in a categorical manner by Americans, in a categorical-like manner by Koreans and in a non-categorical manner by Japanese. Neural responses tapped by the ACC did not differ significantly between language groups for P1-N1-P2, suggesting little effect of phonetic experience on the encoding of these sounds. In contrast, the T-complex (Tb latency and Ta morphology) di.
Manifesting Epoxide and Hydroxyl Groups in XPS Spectra and Valence Band of Graphene Derivatives

The derivatization of graphene to engineer its band structure is a subject of significant attention nowadays, extending the frames of graphene material applications in the fields of catalysis, sensing, and energy harvesting. Yet, the accurate identification of a certain group and its effect on graphene’s electronic structure is an intricate question. Herein, we propose the advanced fingerprinting of the epoxide and hydroxyl groups on the graphene layers via core-level methods and reveal the modification of their valence band (VB) upon the introduction of these oxygen functionalities. The distinctive contribution of epoxide and hydroxyl groups to the C 1s X-ray photoelectron spectra was indicated experimentally, allowing the quantitative characterization of each group, not just their sum. The appearance of a set of localized states in graphene’s VB related to the molecular orbitals of the introduced functionalities was signified both experimentally and theoretically. Applying the density functional theory calculations, the impact of the localized states corresponding to the molecular orbitals of the hydroxyl and epoxide groups was decomposed. Altogether, these findings unveiled the particular contribution of the epoxide and hydroxyl groups to the core-level spectra and band structure of graphene derivatives, advancing graphene functionalization as a tool to engineer its physical properties.
The Effect of Workload and Autonomy on Organizational Commitment with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable in Permanent Lecturers at Hang Tuah University Surabaya

This study aims to determine the effect of workload and autonomy on organizational commitment with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. This research was conducted at Hang Tuah University Surabaya with 64 permanent lecturers as respondents. Data were collected through a Likert scale 1-5 questionnaire given to respondents and several supporting documents from Hang Tuah University Surabaya. In this study, the data was processed using the PLS-SEM method with WARP-PLS as the analysis tool. The results obtained indicate that the workload has no significant effect on job satisfaction; autonomy has a significant effect on job satisfaction; job satisfaction has a significant effect on organizational commitment; workload has a significant effect on organizational commitment; autonomy has a significant effect on organizational commitment
Investigation of Salivary Biomarkers IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Context: This systematic review aimed to investigate the salivary biomarkers interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) to determine whether proinflammatory cytokines are effective in causing and sustaining pain due to nerve damage and whether some salivary interleukins are elevated in BMS patients. Evidence Acquisition: A systematic review was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus from 2000 to 2021. All information was categorized in tables. Results: We found 264 articles in abstract screening. After removing duplicates, 61 articles were selected. Further screening reduced the number of articles to 28. After reviewing the full texts, finally, 15 articles had the inclusion criteria and met the objectives of the present study. Conclusions: Burning mouth syndrome is a chronic disorder with an unknown origin that involves systemic and neuropathic factors. We require further studies due to inconsistent studies and very few clinical trials deciding whether there is an association between IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and BMS.
On the optimal assignment of servers and a repairman

We consider an N-server queue with arbitrary arrivals and service times which are random but with differing rates for different servers. Customers arriving when all servers are occupied do not enter the system. We show that the policy of always assigning an arrival to that free server whose service rate is largest (smallest) stochastically minimises (maximises) the number in the system. We then show that in a particular component-repair context with exponential repair times the policy of repairing failed components with the smallest failure rate stochastically maximises the number of working components.
Growth Intensity of Trichoderma Viride at Different Doses and Sources of Copper in the Medium

The biological properties of Trichoderma Viride fungi allow them to be effectively used in the technologies of crop waste disposal, production of organic, environmentally friendly fertilisers, and prevention of soil diseases of plants. The growth and development of these fungi depend on a number of trace elements that are found in the medium. Copper is of great importance among trace elements. The establishment of the ability to use copper as a stimulator of biomass accumulation of Trichoderma Viride fungi is of scientific and practical interest for national economic needs, which indicates the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study is to establish the effectiveness of the effect of various copper compounds on the growth and development of Trichoderma Viride. To investigate the effect of the metal-biotic on the growth of microorganisms, 0.5 to 10.0 mg/100 cm3 of the element in the form of copper sulphate, mixed ligand complex and copper glycinate were added to the medium with potato dextrose agar (PDA). In the control variant, the element was not added to the nutrient medium. The media were inoculated with the Viridin preparation. Trichoderma Viride growth was recorded on days 4 and 7 of the experiment. It has been experimentally established that the fungal population is affected by the content and source of copper in the medium. It was found that the presence of a biotic metal in the medium in mineral or chelated form is up to 1.0 mg/100 cm3 stimulates the build-up of fungal biomass. It was proved that on the 4th day of cultivation for the introduction of copper into the medium in the amount of 1.0 mg/100 cm3 in the mixed-ligand form, the population of Trichoderma Viride increased by 75.0%. On the 7th day, the increase in the number of fungal cells was 58.3%. It was found that with the introduction in the medium of more than 5.0 mg/100 cm3 copper in any form, the population growth of Trichoderma Viride fungi decreased. The higher the copper content in the medium, the greater the inhibition of fungal cell reproduction. It was generalised that comparing the action of the mixed ligand complex copper, copper glycinate, and copper sulphate, it was found that the latter compound is the most toxic against Trichoderma Viride
Optimizing and Evaluating Swin Transformer for Aircraft Classification: Analysis and Generalizability of the MTARSI Dataset

Aircraft classification via remote sensing images has many commercial and military applications. The Swin-Transformer has shown great promise, recently dominating general-purpose image classification benchmarks such as ImageNet. In this paper, we test whether the performance of the Swin-Transformer on general-purpose image classification translates to domain-specific aircraft classification using the Multi-Type Aircraft from the Remote Sensing Images dataset. We also investigate the effect of training procedure vs. model selection on the validation score. Our carefully trained Swin-Transformer model achieved an impressive 99.4 % validation set accuracy without super-resolution, and 99.5 % with super-resolution. Moreover, the generalization of models trained on the MTARSI dataset to real-world and synthetic aircraft classification is evaluated with some out-of-distribution samples. Our results demonstrate that the lack of complexity and heterogeneity of the MTARSI dataset, and the labeling errors resulted in models which struggle to achieve high accuracy on the adopted test samples despite near perfect validation scores.