Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Racemic Ketamine as an Alternative to Electroconvulsive Therapy for Unipolar Depression: A Randomized, Open-Label, Non-Inferiority Trial (KetECT)

Abstract Background Ketamine has emerged as a fast-acting and powerful antidepressant, but no head to head trial has been performed, Here, ketamine is compared with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the most effective therapy for depression. Methods Hospitalized patients with unipolar depression were randomized (1:1) to thrice-weekly racemic ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) infusions or ECT in a parallel, open-label, non-inferiority study. The primary outcome was remission (Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score ≤10). Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs), time to remission, and relapse. Treatment sessions (maximum of 12) were administered until remission or maximal effect was achieved. Remitters were followed for 12 months after the final treatment session. Results In total 186 inpatients were included and received treatment. Among patients receiving ECT, 63% remitted compared with 46% receiving ketamine infusions (P = .026; difference 95% CI 2%, 30%). Both ketamine and ECT required a median of 6 treatment sessions to induce remission. Distinct AEs were associated with each treatment. Serious and long-lasting AEs, including cases of persisting amnesia, were more common with ECT, while treatment-emergent AEs led to more dropouts in the ketamine group. Among remitters, 70% and 63%, with 57 and 61 median days in remission, relapsed within 12 months in the ketamine and ECT groups, respectively (P = .52). Conclusion Remission and cumulative symptom reduction following multiple racemic ketamine infusions in severely ill patients (age 18–85 years) in an authentic clinical setting suggest that ketamine, despite being inferior to ECT, can be a safe and valuable tool in treating unipolar depression.
Two- and Three-Dimensional Displays for Aviation: A Theoretical and Empirical Comparison

The requirements for a modem comparison of two-dimensional planar and three-dimensional perspective displays for aviation are outlined. Previous studies making such a comparison are reviewed; they are found to lack the displays and tasks required in order to fully evaluate the relative tradeoffs of two- and three-dimensional displays, as predicted by the proximity compatibility principle (PCP; Wickens & Andre, 1990). Two displays incorporating prediction and preview were designed and compared: one display with three orthogonal spatial views and one display with a single, three-dimensional, inside-out perspective view. Performance measures included (a) flight-path tracking accuracy during routine flight and during events designed to precipitate the loss of situational awareness; (b) accuracies and response times for three different judgment events as suggested by the PCP; (c) the incidence of integrated control actions in several dimensions; and (d) subjective workload ratings. The results show that the pe.
Minimizing Transfer Times in Public Transit Network with Genetic Algorithm

This paper presents a systemwide approach based on a genetic algorithm for the optimization of bus transit system transfer times. The algorithm attempts to find the best feasible solution for the transfer time optimization problem by shifting existing timetables. It makes use of existing scheduled timetables and ridership data at all transfer locations and takes into consideration the randomness of bus arrivals. The complexity of the problem is mainly due to the use of a large set of binary and discrete variables. The combinatorial nature of the problem results in a significant computational burden, and thus it is difficult to solve with classical methods. Scheduling data from Broward County Transit, Florida, were used to calculate total transfer times for the existing and proposed systems. Results showed that the algorithm produced significant transfer time savings.
Acupuncture for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Potential Mechanism from an Anti-Inflammatory Perspective

The low adverse effects of acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhea (PD), known as one of the most commonly reported gynecological debilitating conditions affecting women's overall health, have been thus far confirmed. Moreover, it has been increasingly recognized that inflammation is involved in such menstrual cramps, and recent studies have further shown that the anti-inflammatory effects of acupuncture are helpful in its control. This review portrays the role of inflammation in PD pathophysiology, provides evidence from clinical and animal studies on acupuncture for inflammation-induced visceral pain, and reflects on acupuncture-related therapies for dysmenorrhea with regard to their anti-inflammatory characteristics. Further research accordingly needs to be carried out to clarify the effects of acupuncture on proinflammatory factors in PD, particularly chemokines and leukocytes. Future studies on this condition from an anti-inflammatory perspective should be also performed in line with the notion of emphasizing stimulation modes to optimize the clinical modalities of acupuncture. Additionally, the effects and mechanism of more convenient self-healing approaches such as TENS/TEAS for PD should be investigated.
Tanzanian Bat Guano as an Alternative Source of Phosphorus for Organic Rice Production

Many tropical and subtropical soils are low in phosphorus. This is partly because of excessive weathering, high phosphorous (P) fixation rates, and low P levels in soil parent materials. Continuous removal of P from soils by crops, coupled with limited application of P fertilizers, is also among the contributing factors for low P in soils. Phosphorus is among the most limiting macronutrient in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. This study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of bat guano collected from Kisarawe (BGK-A and BGK-B) and Sukumawera caves (BGS) in Tanzania. The screen-house experiment at the Sokoine University of Agriculture was designed as a 4 × 6 factorial experiment conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Guano and triple superphosphate (TSP) were used as standard fertilizer at six P application rates. The yield of rice in response to applied TSP was comparable to applied guano but in the order TSP > BGK-A > BGS > BGK-B. All parameters increased with an increase in applied amounts of P from guano and TSP. Besides this study revealed the significant (P = .05) interaction between P sources and P rates on plant height (PH), micronutrient concentration and dry matter (DM). The study showed the correlation between grain yield (GY) and other crop components of dry matter (DM), the number of panicles (NP), Panicle height (PAH), plant height (PH) and number of tillers (NT). A significant and positive correlation was found for the GY-DM (r = 0.58, P = .05), GY-PAH (r = 0.65, P < .001), and GY-NT (r = 0.420, P = 0.1). But strong positive correlation was found between GY-PH (r = 0.76, P < .001) and GY-NP (r = 0.84, P < .001). It was concluded that studied guanos can be used as an alternative source of P, especially for smallholder farmers.
Development of new fertility breeding values in the dairy industry

This paper provides the basis for a new method for calculating fertility breeding values. The objective of this study was to: firstly, investigate the data extract of mating and calving records from Livestock Improvement's national database to identify improvements, secondly investigate the definition of the fertility trait from percent of calves born from artificial insemination (AI) to 42 day calving rate, and thirdly explore the inclusion of milk production and body condition score information. The overall aim was to improve the accuracy of the fertility breeding values available when a sire's daughters have completed their first lactation (i.e., the time of the sire's first proof). A new procedure for routine national evaluation of these traits is outlined. Results from the new system are given. Possible future enhancements to the new system are discussed. The new method improves the accuracy of the fertility breeding value for first crop sires with 80 daughters from 45% to 52%. The inclusion of body condition score and milk production in the calculation of the fertility breeding value improves the response to selection for fertility within breeding worth index by 34% per annum. The improvement in response to selection is worth 0.18 $/cow/year or approximately $700,000 annually to the dairy industry.
Zn2+ acts as a brake signal for axonal transport by directly inhibiting motor protein progression

Accurate delivery of cargo over long distances through axonal transport requires precise spatiotemporal regulation. Here we discover that Zn2+, either released from lysosomes through TRPML1 or influx via depolarization, inhibits axonal transport. Zn2+-mediated inhibition is neither selective for cargo nor for cell type because elevated Zn2+ (IC50 = 5 nM) reduces both lysosomal and mitochondrial motility in primary rat hippocampal neurons and HeLa cells. We further reveal that Zn2+ directly binds to microtubules and inhibits movement of kinesin motors. Loss of TRPML1 function, which causes Mucolipidosis Type IV (MLIV) disease, impairs lysosomal Zn2+ release, disrupts Zn2+-mediated regulation of axonal transport, and increases overall organellar motility. In addition, MLIV patient mutations in TRPML1 have decreased Zn2+ permeability, which parallels disease severity. Our results reveal that Zn2+ acts as a critical signal to locally pause axonal transport by directly blocking the progression of motor proteins on microtubules.
Lessons from the first year of compliance sampling under Michigan's revised Lead and Copper Rule and national Lead and Copper Rule implications

In 2018, Michigan revised its Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) compliance sampling requirements to better represent the potential lead contribution from lead service lines (LSLs). The first year of sampling results under the new requirements were analyzed to determine their impact on lead sampling results. The dataset reveals statistically significant higher detected lead levels, both at individual sample sites and in some water system 90th percentiles. Michigan's LCR results reveal the percentage of public water systems with LSLs exceeding the lead action level (15 ppb) increasing to 13% compared to 2% under the previous sampling protocol. Michigan's experience demonstrates that solely collecting first‐liter data, consistent with current LCR requirements, is inadequate for detecting the higher range of lead concentrations commonly found in LSL samples. As the 2021 EPA LCR revision includes fifth‐liter and removes first‐liter compliance sampling, Michigan's lessons portend national implications. This paper evaluates Michigan's novel 2019 LCR results, compares the results to previous sampling periods, and shares lessons learned for timely national policy decisions.
Attention-Inception and Long- Short-Term Memory-Based Electroencephalography Classification for Motor Imagery Tasks in Rehabilitation

In recent years, the contributions of deep learning have had a phenomenal impact on electroencephalography-based brain-computer interfaces. While the decoding accuracy of electroencephalography signals has continued to increase, the process has caused deep learning models to continuously expand in terms of size and computational resource requirements. However, due to their increased size and computational requirements, it has become difficult to embed, store, and execute deep learning models for artificial intelligence of things, cloud-based, or edge devices used in rehabilitation. Hence, this article proposes a novel deep learning-based lightweight model based on attention-inception convolutional neural network and long- short-term memory. The proposed model achieves excellent accuracy on public competition datasets while requiring few parameters and low computational time. Using the BCI competition IV 2a dataset and the high gamma dataset, the proposed model achieved 82.8% and 97.1% accuracies, respectively.
Use of a digital image correlation method for full-field shrinkage measurement in injection molding

An original methodology using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) has been designed to precisely measure full-field shrinkages of injection molded polymer plates and then to give the opportunity to compare quantitatively extensive numerical simulations to experiments. The principle of the methodology is based on the full-field strain determination between a reference image of the mold and that of injection-molded parts, which are 275 × 100 × 2.2 mm3 plates. To allow for DIC calculation, 50 µm-depth engravings were machined by electro-discharge process at the surface of the mold. The result of the analysis is a 2D full-field shrinkage map over the whole plate surface (i.e. flow and transverse), with a standard deviation of 0.03%. The marking density has been shown to have a roughly linear influence on the precision of shrinkage measurement. This methodology allows the quantification of the effect of several injection parameters on in-plane shrinkage fields: holding pressure, injection flow rate and direction, geometry of injection gates, or geometrical constraints. Once the best set of parameters of material constitutive laws is identified for the simulation of polymer plates, the simulation procedure is ready to be applied on more complex 3D geometries.
Evaluation of a New Formulation of Reward Landscape and Aquatic Herbicide for Control of Duckweed, Waterhyacinth, Waterlettuce, and Hydrilla

A new formulation of Reward Landscape and Aquatic Herbicide (Reward QIT) was recently developed by Syngenta to alleviate problems associated with particulates in the former formulation (Reward). Reward QIT was tested in outdoor tanks to compare its herbicidal activity to the older Reward formulation. No differences in herbicidal activity were observed between the two formulations when applied to hydrilla ( Hydrilla verticillata L.f. Royle) at 0.25 ppm diquat dibromide cation or 0.25 ppm diquat dibromide cation plus 1.0 ppm copper. Also, no differences in herbicidal activity were observed between the two formulations when applied to, duckweed ( Lemna minor L.), waterhyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes Mart Solms), or waterlettuce ( Pistia stratiotes L.). Greater than 95% control was observed against all floating species tested when either formulation was applied at 4.7 or 7.0 l/ha. Reward QIT applied at 2.3 l/ha resulted in 92% control of duckweed and waterhyacinth and 96% control of waterlettuce. Additional waterlettuce plants were treated with 0.09, 0.18, 0.28, 0.56, or 0.84 l/ha of either formulation to determine if subtle differences in herbicidal activity could be observed at the lower rates. No differences were observed between equal rates of the two formulations at these lower rates, and all rates resulted in lower dry weights of waterlettuce after 24 days as compared to untreated plants.
Quality and Quantity of Sanitary Landfill Leachate

This paper presents the results of leachate quantity and quality measurement at 20 landfills in the northern part of West Germany over an average period of 3 years. The leachate flow rate could only be estimated as a percentage of annual precipitation (measured precipitation 501-1057 mm year-1). The values for compaction with crawler tractors are 25-50% and with steel wheel compactors, 15-25%. The organic contents of leachate are dependent upon the kind of decomposition conditions (aerobic, anaerobic acetic production or anaerobic methane production). With anaerobic acetic production the volatile fatty acids produced in leachate have a high COD and BOD5. In the following methane production phase these acids are converted to CO2 and CH4 with low organic leachate contents. The concentrations of some inorganic components, such as Fe and Ca, are parallel as a result of changes in pH. Ammonia shows a slow increase with landfill age. In most cases the contents of heavy metals are lower than 1 mg 1-1.
Structure-driven effects on genomic DNA damage propensity at G-quadruplex sites

Our genome contains about half a million sites capable of forming G-quadruplex (G4) structures. Such structural formations, often localised at important regulatory loci, have high capability of altering the predisposition of corresponding genomic spans to endogenous and exogenous DNA damage. In this work, we devised an approach to systematically enrich and zoom onto structure-driven effects on the propensity to undergo 9 types of DNA damage: ultraviolet radiation-induced pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproduct PP and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer CPD couplings (two dyad-based subtypes in each), cisplatin-mediated G-G crosslinks, reactive oxygen species induced 8-oxoguanine damage, DNA fragmentation upon natural decay and fossilisation, breakages from artificial enzymatic cleavage and ultrasound sonication. Our results indicate that the structural effects on DNA damageability at G4 sites are not a simple combination of shielding (G4 strand) and de-shielding (opposite strand) against damaging factors, and the outcomes have different patterns and variation from one damage type to another, highly dependent on the G4 strength and relative strand localisation. The results are accompanied by electronic structure calculations, detailed structural parallels and considerations. Graphical Abstract. An illustration of the considered damage factors acting on G-quadruplex sites, through strand-specific (two pointing thunder signs) and strand-invariant (a single pointing thunder sign) manner.
Assessing the relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index and mortality in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Background This study investigates the predictive value of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), which was calculated as platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, for all-cause mortality in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods A total of 360 HCM patients were enrolled. They were divided into three groups based on the tertiles of baseline SII. The association between SII and all-cause mortality was analyzed. Results There were 53 HCM patients who died during a mean follow-up time of 4.8 years (min: 6 days and max: 10.8 years), and the mortality rate was 3.0 per 100 person years. The cumulative mortality rate was significantly different among the three tertiles of SII (P = 0.004), and the mortality rate in tertile 3 was much higher than that in the first two tertiles. In reference to tertile 1, the fully adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality were 1.02 for the tertile 2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45–2.31, P = 0.966) and 2.31 for tertile 3 (95% CI: 1.10–4.87, P = 0.027). No significant interactions between SII and other variables were observed during subgroup analysis. The discriminative power was better for mid-term outcome than that for short-term or long-term outcomes. Sensitivity analyses including patients with normal platelet and white blood cell count have revealed similar results. Conclusion SII was a significant risk factor for all-cause mortality in HCM patients. However, the discriminative power was poor to moderate. It could be used in combination with other risk factors in mortality risk stratification in HCM.
Experimental investigation on adhesive bonding of similar and dissimilar weld joint used for automotive applications

The automobile industry has started using adhesive bonding to join load bearing components which aerospace industry has been using for decades. Adhesive lap joints are used frequently in the manufacture of automobile. In present study, structural adhesives were used to join the aluminium alloy (AA5083 H111) with the HSS dual phase (DP780) steel. Adhesive bonding appears to be one of the appropriate methods of joining dissimilar materials. The aim of this work is to analyze the tensile strength of similar and dissimilar joints. The influence of various parameters was also investigated such as the overlap length and the bondline thickness of specimens. In DP steel, there is 22% increase in strength for similar lap joint when overlap length changes from 10 mm to 15 mm, while there is 45% increase in strength when it varies from 15 mm to 20 mm. Similarly in case of Al alloy, there is 26% increased strength for similar lap joints when length varies from 10 mm to 15 mm, while it increased to 42% when length changes from 15 mm to 25 mm and there is about 35% increase in strength for length varies from 20 mm to 25 mm. In case of dissimilar joints, firstly there is about 16% increase in strength then there is 5% decrease while after that there is 45% increase in strength. Adhesion failure, cohesion failure and mixed failure were obtained experimentally during failure mode analysis. As the strength of joint increases, failure mode shows a transition from adhesion failure to cohesion failure. From the literature survey it is evident that limited work has been carried out on analysis of shear-tensile strength of adhesively bonded steel and aluminium joint with variation in bonding parameters. Not much work on failure mode analysis of bonded joints during tensile testing has been reported. In present work a noval attempt has been made to analyze the shear-tensile strength and failure mode of adhesively bonded steel and aluminium joint with variation in bonding parameters.
Spatio-Temporal Self-Attention Network for Fire Detection and Segmentation in Video Surveillance

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based approaches are popular for various image/video related tasks due to their state-of-the-art performance. However, for problems like object detection and segmentation, CNNs still suffer from objects with arbitrary shapes or sizes, occlusions, and varying viewpoints. This problem makes it mostly unsuitable for fire detection and segmentation since flames can have an unpredictable scale and shape. In this paper, we propose a method that detects and segments fire-regions with special considerations of their arbitrary sizes and shapes. Specifically, our approach uses a self-attention mechanism to augment spatial characteristics with temporal features, allowing the network to reduce its reliance on spatial factors like shape or size and take advantage of robust spatial-temporal dependencies. As a whole, our pipeline has two stages: In the first stage, we take out region proposals using Spatial-Temporal features, and in the second stage, we classify whether each region proposal is flame or not. Due to the scarcity of generous fire datasets, we adopt a transfer learning strategy to pre-train our classifier with the ImageNet dataset. Additionally, our Spatial-Temporal Network only requires semi-supervision, where it only needs one ground-truth segmentation mask per frame-sequence input. The experimental results of our proposed method significantly outperform the state-of-the-art fire detection with a 2 ~ 4% relative enhancement in F1-score for large scale fires and a nearly ~ 60% relative improvement for small fires at a very early stage.
The characteristics of tunnel oxides grown on textured silicon surface with a simple and reliable process

In this work, a simple and reliable method to fabricate a textured Si surface and the characteristics of oxides grown on the textured Si surface are proposed. The concept of different oxidation rates in poly-Si grain and grain boundaries has been used to form textured Si surface which does not need to etch the surface of Si wafer and is without the constraint of stopping the oxidation process on the poly Si/Si-substrate interface to get better electrical characteristics. Tunnel oxide grown on the textured single crystalline Si exhibits much better electrical characteristics and reliabilities than those of oxides grown on poly-Si substrate (thin poly-Si film on Si substrate) and on untextured single crystalline Si substrate.