Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE WAVENUMBER ON COMPRESSION IN A WAVELET BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE HELMHOLTZ EQUATION

We examine how the wavenumber influences the compression in a wavelet boundary element method for the Helmholtz equation. We show that for wavelets with high vanishing moments the number of nonzeros in the re-sulting compressed matrix is approximately proportional to the square of the wavenumber. When the wavenumber is fixed, the wavelet boundary element method has optimal complexity with respect to the number of unknowns. When the mesh spacing is proportional to the wavelength, the complexity of the wavelet boundary element method is approximately proportional to the square of the number of unknowns.
Estimating Euler pole parameters for eastern Canada using GPS velocities

Eastern Canada is characterized by many intraplate earthquakes mostly concentrated along the Saint Lawrence River and Ottawa River valleys. After the rigid plate rotation of North America, the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) is by far the largest source of geophysical signal in eastern Canada. We estimate a set of Euler pole parameters for this area using a velocity field of 19 continuously operating GPS stations out of 112, and show that they are different from the overall rotation of the North American plate. This difference potentially reflects local stresses in this seismic region, and the difference in intraplate velocities between the two flanks of the Saint Lawrence River valley accumulate stress along the river.
Effect of organic manure and chemical fertilizer on soil nutrient

Effects of 20 years continuous long-term application of organic manure,chemical fertilizer and organic-chemical combined fertilizer on the results of soil nutrients variation were studied at Yucheng experiment area of Shandong Province.The experimental results indicated that at equal fertilization condition years after years,fertilizing organic manure not only had markedness fuctions at increasing soil's organic nutritions and improving quality of soil organic matter,but also could increase soil availabale nutrients more than chemical fertilizer.
Comparison of ( (cid:1) )- 11 C-McN5652 and 11 C-DASB as Serotonin Transporter Radioligands Under Various Experimental Conditions

There has been considerable interest in the development of a PET radioligand selective for the serotonin (5-hydroxytrypta-mine [5-HT]) transporter (SERT) that can be used to image 5-HT neurons in the living human brain. The most widely used SERT radiotracer to date, trans -1,2,3,5,6,10- (cid:2) -hexahydro-6-[4-(meth-ylthio)phenyl[pyrrolo-[2,1-a]isoquinoline (( (cid:1) )- 11 C-McN5652), has been successful in this regard but may have some limitations. Recently, another promising SERT radiotracer, 3- 11 C-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl)benzonitrile ( 11 C-DASB), has been described. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast ( (cid:1) )- 11 C-McN5652 and 11 C-DASB under various experimental conditions. Methods: Radioligand comparisons were performed in a control baboon, a baboon with reduced SERT density (( (cid:3) )-3,4-methylenedioxymetham-phetamine [MDMA] lesion), and a baboon with reduced SERT availability (paroxetine pretreatment). Under each of these experimental conditions, repeated (triplicate) PET studies were performed with each ligand. Results: Both radiotracers bound preferentially in brain regions known to contain high SERT density. For both ligands, there was a high correlation between the amount of regional brain ligand binding and the known regional brain concentration of SERT. Binding of both ligands was decreased after MDMA neurotoxicity (reduced SERT density), and ( (cid:1) )- 11 C-McN5652 and 11 C-DASB were comparably effective in detecting reduced SERT density after MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity. Pretreatment with paroxetine dramatically altered the metabolism and kinetics of both tracers and appeared to displace both ligands primarily from regions with high SERT density. Compared with ( (cid:1) )- 11 C-McN5652, 11 C-DASB had higher brain activity and a faster washout rate and provided greater contrast between subcortical and cortical brain regions. Conclusion: 11 C-DASB and ( (cid:1) )- 11 C-McN5652 are suitable as PET ligands of the SERT and for detecting MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity. 11 C-DASB may offer some advantages. Additional studies are needed to further characterize the properties and capabilities of both ligands in health and disease. 2-mL arterial plasma samples were obtained at 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min after injection and were analyzed for tracer metabolism. Missing data points were obtained by based on a function that described the disappearance of the percentage of nonmetabolized tracer from Calculations were repeated with a biexpo-nential ﬁt of the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) data but these calculations resulted in higher parameter variance. Thus, data are shown with the ﬁrst solution only.
The Tyrrhenian back－arc basin and subduction of the Ionian lithosphere

A deep, narrow, and distorted Benioff zone, plunging from the Ionian Sea towards the southern Tyrrhenian basin, is the remnant of a long and eastward migrating subduction of eastern Mediterranean lithosphere. From Oligocene to Recent, subduction generated the Western Mediterranean and the Tyrrhenian back-arc basins, as well as an accretionary wedge constituting the SouthernAoenninic Arc.In the Tyrrhenian Sea, stretching started in late Miocene and eventually produced two small oceanic areas: the Vavilov Plain during Pliocene (in the centralsector) and the Marsili Plain during Quaternary (in the southeastern sector). They are separated by a thicker crustal sector, called the Issel Bridge. Back-arc exten-sion was rapid and discontinuous, and affected a land locked area where continental elements of various sizesoccurred. Discontinuities in extension were mirrored bychanges in nature of the lithosphere scraped off to form the Southern Apenninic Arc. Part of the tectonic units of the southern Apennines, accreted into the wedge from late Miocene to Pliocene, had originally been laid down on thinned conti-nental lithosphere, which should constitute the deep portion of the present slab. After Plio-cene, only Ionian oceanic lithosphere wassubducted, because the large buoyancy of thewide and not thinned continental lithosphere of Apulia and Africa (Sicily) preserved the seelements from roll back of subduction. After Pliocene, the passively retreating oceanic slabhad to adjust and distort according to the geometry of these continental elements.The late onset of arc volcanism in respect to the duration of extension in the Tyrrhenian-Ionian system may find an expla-nation considering an initial stage of subduc-tion of thinned continental lithosphere. The strong Pleistocene vertical movements that occurred in the whole southeastern system(subsidence in the back-arc basin and upliftin the orogenic arc) may instead be related to the distortion of the oceanic slab.
Geochemistry of volcanic rocks from the Naga Hills Ophiolites, northeast India and their inferred tectonic setting

Highly disrupted and deformed slices of ophiolitic rocks occurring along a linear belt in Nagaland and Manipur states, NE India, are known as the Naga Hills Ophiolites (NHO). The principal rock types include dunite, harzburgite, lherzolite, wehrlite, pyroxenite and mafic volcanics. The volcanic rocks of NHO have been classified into low-Ti and high-Ti groups with 2 wt. % TiO2 as the boundary, which is corroborated by the differences in their immobile trace element and Rare Earth element characteristics. The two groups are probably not cogenetic; their chemical differences reflect variable source composition. Within group variation of incompatible elements such as La/Ta in the high-Ti group may be related to varying degrees of partial melting. The Ti/V ratios and REE distribution pattern of low-Ti group show overlapping Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt and island arc-like characteristics, and possibly suggest back-arc basin setting. The high-Ti group, on the other hand, has similarities with within-plate basalts erupted at off-axis sea-mounts and ocean islands. The sea-mounts and ocean islands brought to the subduction zone acted as barriers. Within the imbricate fault slices are components from the oceanic crust which were accreted to the continental margin and which represent clipped off portions from these barriers.
Measurements of the properties of Λ_{c}(2595), Λ_{c}(2625), Σ_{c}(2455), and Σ_{c}(2520) baryons

Recommended Citation Aaltonen, T. , Ãlvarez González, B. , Amerio, S. , Amidei, D. , Anastassov, A. , Annovi, A. , Antos, J., Apollinari, G. , Appel, J., Apresyan, A. , Arisawa, T. , Artikov, A. , Asaadi, J., Ashmanskas, W. , Auerbach, B. , Aurisano, A. , Azfar, F. , Badgett, W. , Barbaro-Galtieri, A. , Barnes, V. , Barnett, B. , Barria, P., Bartos, P., Bauce, M. , Bauer, G. , Bedeschi, F. , Beecher, D. , & Behari, S. (2011). Measurements of the properties of Λc(2595), Λc(2625), Σc(2455), and Σ c(2520) baryons. Physical Review D Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, 84 (1) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.84. 012003
Magnetic Susceptibility Features and Environmental Records of the Xiashu Loess in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province

As a paleo-climatic proxy index, magnetic susceptibility (MS) parameter that has been widely used in loess studies of northern China, is applied in studies on the Xiashu loess in the south of lower reaches of the Yangtze River. On the basis of systematic sampling and measurement, the magnetic susceptibility features and their climatic implications of the Xiashu loess in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu province are analyzed in this paper. Magnetic susceptibility curve of the Xiashu loess is characterized by cycle, which records 7～8 large climatic cycles since Middle-Pleistocene in the lower reach of the Yangtze River and that is similar to the climatic change features disclosed by the aeolian deposition sequence in Anhui, Shandong and northern China. Magnetic susceptibility features indicate that the deposition section of the Xiashu loess is discontinuous and soaking by groundwater exerted an obvious influence on background value of the magnetic susceptibility. Magnetic susceptibility record of the Xiashu loess since S2 stratum coincides with marine isotope record since stage 7 perfectly. The change feature corresponding to MIS 5a-5b-5c-5d-5e is found in the Xiashu loess record for the first time in this paper, but the change details contain certain differences between MS record and MIS record. The comparison indicates that the area of the Xiashu loess deposition has given a sensitive response to globe paleo-climatic changes since about 200 a BP. On the other hand, the climate changes in some stages recorded by the Xiashu loess has regional characteristic obviously, which might be result of the dual effect of globe climate changes and East-Asia monsoon climate changes. The Xiashu loess section in Zhenjiang containing globe change information with high precision should be related to its geographic position, latitude location and landform conditions.
Binary Frequencies in Globular Clusters

Binary stars are predicted to have an important role in the evolution of globular clusters, so we obtained binary fractions for 35 globular clusters that were imaged in the F606W and F814W with the ACS on the Hubble Space Telescope. When compared to the values of prior efforts (Sollima et al. 2007; Milone et al. 2012), we find significant discrepancies, despite each group correcting for contamination effects and having performed the appropriate reliability tests. The most reliable binary fractions are obtained when restricting the binary fraction to q > 0.5. Our analysis indicates that the range of the binary fractions is nearly an order of magnitude for the lowest dynamical ages, suggesting that there is a broad distribution in the binary fraction at globular cluster formation. Dynamical effects also appears to decrease the core binary fractions by a factor of two over a Hubble time, but this is a weak relationship. We confirm a correlation from previous work that the binary fraction within the core radius decreases with cluster age, indicating that younger clusters formed with higher binary fractions. The strong radial gradient in the binary fraction with cluster radius appears to be a consequence of dynamical interactions. It is often not present in dynamically young clusters but nearly always present in dynamically old clusters.
Measurement of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays at midrapidity in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The differential invariant yield as a function of transverse momentum ( p T ) of electrons from semileptonic heavy-ﬂavour hadron decays was measured at midrapidity in central (0–10%), semi-central (30–50%) and peripheral (60–80%) lead–lead (Pb–Pb) collisions at √ s NN = 5 . 02 TeV in the p T intervals 0.5–26 GeV/ c (0–10% and 30–50%) and 0.5–10 GeV/ c (60–80%). The production cross section in proton–proton (pp) collisions at √ s = 5 . 02 TeV was measured as well in 0 . 5 < p T < 10 GeV/ c and it lies close to the upper band of perturbative QCD calculation uncertainties up to p T = 5 GeV/ c and close to the mean value for larger p T . The modiﬁcation of the electron yield with respect to what is expected for an incoherent superposition of nucleon–nucleon collisions is evaluated by measuring the nuclear modiﬁcation factor R AA . The measurement of the R AA in different centrality classes allows in-medium energy loss of charm and beauty quarks to be investigated. The R AA shows a suppression with respect to unity at intermediate p T , which increases while moving towards more central collisions. Moreover, the measured R AA is sensitive to the modiﬁcation of the parton distribution functions (PDF) in nuclei, like nuclear shadowing, which causes a suppression of the heavy-quark production at low p T in heavy-ion collisions at LHC.
The influence of geological factor on the birth rates of twins in China

The birth records of twins in 1989 in China are utilized to analyze the regional distribution features of the birth rates of MZ and DZ twins sorted by Weinberg;s differential method. The results show that the birth rates of MZ and DZ twins are influenced by geological factors, whick have different regional distribution models.
Colossal Positive Magnetoresistance in Oxygen-Deficient Ca4Mn3O10

Huge changes in resistance induced by an external magnetic field, i.e., a colossal magnetoresistance effect, is a long-lived theme of the research due to both fundamental science and device applications. Careful analysis of oxygen-deficient Ca<sub>4</sub>Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, synthesized by the citric acid method, establishes a direct correlation between magnetic and electric properties. An electric resistive anomaly at the magnetic ordering temperature of ~115 K supports this correlation. We currently report on a colossal positive magnetoresistance up to ~1300% below the metal-to-insulator transition temperature for oxygen-deficient Ca<sub>4</sub>Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub>. The positive magnetoresistance effect in this system may be attributed to the field-induced carrier localization.
20. RADIOMETRIC AGES OF BASALTIC BASEMENT RECOVERED AT SITES 800, 801, AND 802, LEG 129, WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN1

ODP Leg 129 achieved one of its primary goals by recovering Jurassic-age ocean crust at Site 801 in the Pigafetta Basin, western Pacific Ocean. At Sites 800 and 802, although also located on presumed Jurassic-age crust, drilling terminated in the ubiquitous Cretaceous-age volcanic rocks that seem to blanket the Early Cretaceous and Jurassic basement of the western Pacific Ocean. Site 800 in the Pigafetta Basin penetrated 56 m of massive alkali dolerite sills. 40Ar/39Ar laser analyses of mineral separates revealed a crystallization age of 126.1 ± 0.6 Ma. The isotopic composition of these dolerite sills shows a strong HIMU component (high radiogenic Pb, low radiogenic Sr), nearly identical to similar age lavas recovered from nearby seamounts. Both the sills and seamounts of the Pigafetta Basin are Early Cretaceous products of the South Pacific Isotopic and Thermal Anomaly (SOPITA), which is responsible for the ocean islands and thermal (? ) swell found in the South Pacific today. Site 801, drilled into the Jurassic Quiet Zone crust of the Pigafetta Basin, penetrated 131m of basaltic flows divided into an upper sequence of alkalic basalts, an altered hydrothermal deposit, and a lower tholeiitic sequence. For the lower tholeiitic basalts, whole rock incremental- and laser-heating experiments revealed an age of 166.8 ± 4.5 Ma, almost exactly that predicted by simple linear extrapolation of the M-sequence magnetic lineation ages. The age and composition of the tholeiites offers important proof that the "Quiet Zone" crust of the western Pacific is indeed Jurassic mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), and not a product of mid-Cretaceous, intra-plate volcanic events. For the upper alkalic basalts at Site 801,40Ar/39Ar mineral incremental-heating and laser-fusion experiments yielded an age of 157.4 ± 0.5 Ma. About 10 m.y. younger than that predicted by extrapolation of the M-sequence anomalies, the alkalic basalts were erupted in an off-ridge environment, which is consistent with both the geochemistry of the basalts and the Bathonian to Callovian radiolarian age of the overlying sediments. The 157.4 Ma age also serves as an important calibration point on the Geologic Time Scale (GTS), but further work may be needed to verify the correlation of the radiolarian zonations in the Pacific with the time scale stages based on European sections. Site 802 in the East Mariana Basin penetrated 51 m of basaltic pillow units and flows. Whole rock 40Ar/39Ar incrementalheating analysis of two samples revealed a crystallization age of 114.6 ± 3.2 Ma. Although the isotopic composition of these basalts indicates an ocean island basalt component, the major and trace element chemistry shows a strong MORB affinity. This is very similar to the contemporaneous basalts recovered at Site 462A in the Nauru Basin, and both seem more closely related to the formation of Ontong Java Plateau, ca. 120 Ma, rather than to products of the SOPITA.
The ∆ θ-z s relation for gravitational lenses as a cosmological test

Recently, Park & Gott (1997) claimed that there is a statistically significant, strong, negative correlation between the image separation ∆θ and source redshift zs for gravitational lenses. This is somewhat puzzling if one believes in a flat (k = 0) universe, since in this case the typical image separation is expected to be independent of the source redshift, while one expects a negative correlation in a k = −1 universe and a positive one in a k = +1 universe. Park & Gott explored several effects which could cause the observed correlation, but no combination of these can explain the observations with a realistic scenario. Here, I explore this test further in three ways. First, I show that in an inhomogeneous universe a negative correlation is expected regardless of the value of k. Second, I test whether the ∆θ-zs relation can be used as a test to determine λ0 and Ω0, rather than just the sign of k. Third, I compare the results of the test from the Park & Gott sample to those using other samples of gravitational lenses, which can illuminate (unknown) selection effects and probe the usefulness of the ∆θ-zs relation as a cosmological test.
Upper Carboniferous cyclic shelf deposits, Kapp Kåre Formation, Bjørnøya, Svalbard: response to high frequency, high amplitude sea level fluctuations and local tectonism

The upper Bashkirian-Moscovian Kapp Kåre Formation is well-exposed in coastal cliff sections along the west coast of Bjørnøya, Svalbard. It is composed of stacked cycles of nixed siliciclastics and carbonates in the lower Bogevika Member and of cyclic shelf carbonates in the overlying Efuglvika Member. The uppermost Kobbebukta Member consists of shelf carbonates and syntectonic conglomerates and sandy turbidites. The shift in cycle types reflects an overall transgression of the region during the Moscovian combined with renewed tectonic activity and uplift of eastern Bjørnøya during the late Moscovian. Twelve carbonate facies and 6 siliciclastic facies are distinguished. The carbonate facies range from intertidal dolomitic mudstones with pseudomorphs after gypsum to subwavebase, intensely bioturbated wackestones. Most carbonates are deeper subtidal facies and shallow marine carbonate facies are only common in the transgressive part of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate cycles of the Bogevika Member. Incorporating the effects of high amplitude, high frequency glacioeustacy and active extensional tectonism, a dynamic model is developed to explain the spatial variability of facies observed within the Kapp Kåre Formation. Observations from Bjørnøya are placed within the context of the regional structural and stratigraphic framework so that significance of the study to ongoing exploration efforts in the Barents Sea can be evaluated. Most important, our observations suggest that dolomitized, porous carbonate buildups are most likely to be found in the upper Moscovian succession in areas where accommodation space increased temporarily due to local tectonism.
Emission and dispersion modelling of aerosols and human exposure to particulate matter

12 The impact of climate change on sea salt aerosol production, dispersion, and fate over the Europe is 13 studied using four offline regional chemistry transport models driven by the climate scenario SRES 14 A1B over two periods: 1990-2009 and 2040-2059. The study is focused mainly on European seas: 15 Baltic, Black, North and Mediterranean. The differences and similarities between predictions of the 16 individual models on the impact on sea salt emission, concentration and deposition due to changes 17 in wind gusts and seawater temperature are analysed. The results show that the major driver for the 18 sea-salt flux changes will be the seawater temperature, as wind speed is projected to stay nearly the 19 same. There are, however, substantial differences between the model predictions and their 20 sensitivity to changing seawater temperature, which demonstrates substantial lack of current 21 understanding of the sea-salt flux predictions. Although seawater salinity changes are not evaluated 22 in this study, sensitivity of sea-salt aerosol production to salinity is similarly analysed, showing 23 once more the differences between the different models. An assessment on the impact of SSA to the 24 radiative balance is presented. 25 26 Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. , doi:10.5194/acp-2015-1056, 2016 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Chem. Phys. Published: 16 February 2016 c © Author(s) 2016. CC-BY 3.0 License. 251260_PL_Joana Soares Vaitoskirja sisus.pdf 87 13.5. 2016 9.36