Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ISG15/USP18/STAT2 is a molecular hub regulating autocrine IFN I-mediated control of Dengue and Zika virus replication

The establishment of a virus infection is the result of the pathogen’s ability to replicate in a hostile environment generated by the host’s immune system. Here, we found that ISG15 restricts Dengue and Zika viruses’ replication through the stabilisation of its binding partner USP18. ISG15 expression was necessary to control DV replication driven by both autocrine and paracrine type one interferon (IFN-I) signalling. Moreover, USP18 competes with NS5-mediated STAT2 degradation, a major mechanism for establishment of flavivirus infection. Strikingly, reconstitution of USP18 in ISG15-deficient cells was sufficient to restore the STAT2’s stability and restrict virus growth, suggesting that the IFNAR-mediated ISG15 activity is also antiviral. Our results add a novel layer of complexity in the virus/host interaction interface and suggest that NS5 has a narrow window of opportunity to degrade STAT2, therefore suppressing host’s IFN-I mediated response and promoting virus replication. IMPORTANCE Disease is an emergent property that results from a microorganism’s ability to replicate in a given host and the latter’s immune response. Here we describe how the immunoregulatory function of ISG15 (an interferon stimulated gene) affects Dengue and Zika virus replication by occupying a niche used by the virus non-structural protein 5 (NS5) to evade host’s immunity. In the absence of ISG15, NS5 efficiently degrades a main signalling hub of innate immunity (STAT2), leading to cell immune suppression and consequently virus growth. This sheds light into how flaviviruses intimately interact with the host immune system and could lead to a host-based therapy target.
Simulation of the influence of the ocean and the El-Niño – Southern Oscillation phenomenon on the structure and composition of the atmosphere

The influence of El-Niño and La-Niña on the Arctic stratosphere is studied. Sea surface temperature (SST), potential vorticity, air temperature, ozone mixing ratio, and column ozone ERA Interim data are analyzed for 1997, 1999, and 2016. It is shown that El-Niño leads to a series of sudden stratospheric warmings and, consequently, to instability of the polar vortex and to an increase in column ozone, whereas La-Niña leads to a stable polar vortex and low temperatures in the stratosphere and, therefore, to a decrease in column ozone. The influence of SST and CO2 levels on the air temperature in the troposphere and stratosphere, and ozone content from 1980 to 2015 is also studied. It is shown that there is warming of the ocean and the troposphere, as well as cooling of the stratosphere. It is also shown that the changes in air temperature in the troposphere are mainly due to changes in SST, whereas for the stratosphere the impact of CO2 variability prevails. It is also shown that ozone content varies little.
Socio-demographic determinants of physical activity (PA): A working class perspective

Abstract Physical activity (PA) has been confirmed by a dozen of studies to be an effective treatment for many diseases. Unfortunately, the habit of regularly engaging in it is rare among Africans, especially those caught in the web of time-consuming sedentary jobs. To contribute to a remedy of this problem, this study identifies relevant socio-demographic factors that determine engagement in PA by workers. A cross-sectional quantitative research technique was employed in this study. Participants were workers in Koforidua Township in Ghana. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data from 686 volunteer participants. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis was used to present results. Findings show that education, gender, marital status, alternative employment, whether or not one currently has or previously had a chronic disease, and the sector of a person’s employment are some of the determinants of PA. All socio-demographic determinants account for 96.3% of the total variation, indicating a strong fit of the OLS model. While education and some other variables promote engagement in PA, age, income, and alternative employment do otherwise. Improving individuals’ education, especially physical education, is recommended as a step towards enabling workers to inculcate the habit of regularly participating in PA.
ANALISIS SPASIAL HUBUNGAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI KECAMATAN GENUK KOTA SEMARANG

Diarrhea is still being one of health problem in Indonesian society. Based on Bangetayu Puskesmas and Genuk Puskesmas in 2015 show that the cases of diarrhea on childrenunder five years increases from the previous year. Environmental conditions in some areas of Genuk District that are experiencing floods can also causes diarrhea disease. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial relationship of environmental quality with the cases of diarrhea on children under five years in Genuk District, Semarang. Research method of this research applies observational analytic design by using a cross sectional study design.The location is in Genuk district, Semarang . The number of population of this research is 12.443 children under five years in 2015. The writer employed 43 respondents that are specified by incidental sampling technique. The analysis of the research is conducted by using Chi Square test. The resultsshow 72.1% incidence of diarrhea. Furthermore 81.4% bacteriological quality of water, 72.1% waste disposal facility conditions, 65.1% sewerage conditions, and 41.9% of clean and healthy behaviors are not eligible. The results of this research show that there are significant relationship between the conditions of disposal facilities garbage (p = 0.002), the condition of sewerage (p = 0.018), the behavior of healthy and clean living (p = 0.015) toward the incidence of diarrhea on children under five years. There is no relationship significantly between the quality of bacteriological water regarding the incidence of diarrhea on children under five years. Spatial analysis shows that the areas that very susceptible to affect a diarrhea disease caused by bacteriological quality of water, waste disposal facility conditions, the conditions of SPAL which are not complied with the requirement, and lack of clean and healthy behaviors are not eligible. In line with Spatial analysis, Genuksari(16.13%). ,Karangroto(16.13%), and Bangetayu Village Wetan (12.90%) villages provide high estimation toward diarrhea disease risks. It is highly recommended that society must attention to the environment as prevention of diarrhea on children under fiver years.
Validation of Wind Speeds From Brown-Peaky Retracker in the Gulf of Mexico and East Coast of North America

The performance of Brown-Peaky (BP) retracker on retrieving the backscatter coefficients, and then wind speeds, in coastal zones has been examined in this article. Eight years of Jason-2 waveforms are reprocessed by the BP retracker. An empirical wind speed model is used to obtain the altimeter wind speeds based on the BP-derived backscatter coefficients. The validation of BP-derived wind speeds is conducted through comparisons with wind speeds from the in situ anemometer and Jason-2 official altimeter product. The along-track root mean square errors (RMSEs) and biases between altimeter and anemometer wind speed time series are calculated pointwise to evaluate the data quality. The orthogonal regression analysis is computed to evaluate the overall data quality. The validation results show that the BP-derived backscatter coefficients are highly correlated with the square of the off-nadir angles. By removing this correlation-induced error, the quality of BP-derived backscatter coefficients is comparable to that obtained from the three-parameter maximum likelihood estimator (MLE3). The improved backscatter coefficients are beneficial for retrieving reliable along-track wind speed observations, which allows for lower and smoother RMSEs and biases. The 1- and 2-Hz BP-derived wind speeds achieve similar performance, implying that the application of high rate altimeter wind speeds in coastal zones is possible. We also find that the altimeter wind speeds are significantly dependent on the sea state in the last 20-km distance to the coast, where the bias between altimeter and anemometer wind speeds increases remarkably and varies inversely with the offshore distance.
A Shift-Reduce Dependency Parser Based on Reinforcement Learning

Dependency parsing is a task of extracting the relationships between words in a sentence. Researchers have achieved great success in transition-based and graph-based methods recently. However, there are problems of error propagation and high time complexity. This paper proposes dependency parser based on reinforcement learning to improve transition-based parser. We regard the actions in transition-based method as RL agent’s actions. Meanwhile, we introduce a BACK action, so that the agent can get back to the previous state after entering the error state. We use the Universal Dependencies dataset to make experiments on different language. Experiments show that this method effectively solves the problem of error propagation of transition-based method and improve the accuracy significantly.
Complementary and alternative medicines used by cancer patients to cope with nausea

Background: Cancer is a common health problem in the world. Nausea is one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients. Cancer patients often apply to complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in symptom management. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the CAM methods used by cancer patients to cope with nausea. Material and Method: The study has a descriptive design and its data were collected in an adult oncology unit of a university hospital between July and September 2019. A total of 205 patients diagnosed with cancer for at least 6 months were included in the study. Data were collected by using the Individual Identification Form and Attitude Scale against Holistic Complementary Medicine. Data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 package program. Written permission was obtained from the relevant ethics committee, hospital and participants to conduct the study. Results: Sixty and a half percent of the subjects were female and the mean age was 50.64 ± 15.27. While 31.7% of the patients had information about CAM, the main source of information was the internet and social media (64.6%). It was found that 14.63% of the patients applied to a CAM to cope with nausea. The most commonly used method is phytotherapy with 86.67%. The total score environment of the Holistic Complementary Medicine Attitude Scale was 33.49 ± 4.63. Conclusions: It was found that the rate of using CAM in coping with nausea in cancer patients was lower than other symptoms in the literature and the most commonly used method was phytotherapy. Patients' attitudes towards CAM were found to be positive.
Knowledge and Clinical Competence of Medical Emergencies Students in Facing Trauma

Introduction: Since pre-hospital care is the first line of trauma care, its right and accurate implementation can reduce problems such as long-term disabilities and mortality due to trauma. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate knowledge and clinical competence of bachelor of medical emergencies students in facing trauma. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional one. All the students of medical emergencies in Alborz University of Medical Sciences were included using convenience sampling. To gather data a demographic questionnaire, “clinical competence checklist” including 9 skills, and an oral test were used. Face and content validity, and reliability of the tool were evaluated and approved by 10 experts. In addition, reliability coefficient was calculated to be 0.82 for all the skills. Data gathering was done by taking oral and OSCE tests and observation of skill performance and filling the checklists. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and using univariate t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The findings of the study showed that 6.5% of the students had poor knowledge, 82.6% had fair, and 10.9% had good knowledge regarding trauma. In addition, 89.1% of the studied student had good clinical competences, and 10.9% had fair competence regarding trauma. In comparing the competence with an ideal state, there was a significant gap in all sub scales. There was a significant correlation between clinical competence level and work experience (p < 0.001, r = 0.595). However, no significant correlation existed between theoretical knowledge and clinical competence (p = 0.646, r = 0.07) or work experience (p = 0.478, r = -0.107). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that most bachelor of medical emergencies students in Alborz University of Medical Sciences had acceptable knowledge and competence regarding taking care of trauma patients in a pre-hospital setting. However, considering the significant gap between the acquired points and ideal state, continuous training in this regard seems necessary.
Relationship of the overtraining syndrome with stress, fatigue, and serotonin

The requirements of the competitive sports have caused severe consequences in athletes involved in high level training. The changing in the aesthetic standards has leaded individuals to search for physical exercises to reduce their body mass, to increase their muscular mass as well as their aerobic fitness. It is quite common that athletes and non-athletes exceed the limits of their physical and psychological capacities causing the development of the overtraining syndrome, which is defined as the neuroendocrine disorder (hypothalamohypophysial), resulting from the imbalance between the demand of the exercise and the possibility of assimilation of the training, causing metabolic changes with consequences comprising not only the performance, but also other physiological and emotional aspects. The high level of physical, sociocultural and psychic stress are factors that contribute to such outcome, as well as to neuroendocrine changes caused by nutritional aspects that lead to serotoninergic fluctuations. Changes in the brain serotonin level can be associated to the occurrence of the physical fatigue, and this may be chronically settled, constituting one of the symptoms of the whole overtraining syndrome. Deficiencies or imbalances in neurotransmitters and neuromodulators can also be caused by severe or prolonged stress. The aim of this reviewing study was to analyze those factors that synergistically contribute to the outcome of the overtraining syndrome.
The Persistence of Weapons: Global Evidence

This study investigates persistence (or hysteresis) in weapons using a panel of 163 countries for the period 2010 to 2015. The following are some main findings. (i) Compared to countries that are landlocked, persistence in heavy weapons is more apparent in nations that are open to the sea. (ii) Relative to the Middle East & North Africa (MENA), heavy weapons is more persistent in the East Asia and the Pacific countries. This tendency is consistent with â€œweapons importsâ€ . (vi) Evidence of persistence is not very apparent in â€œweapons importsâ€ with the exception of the fact that it is higher in low income countries, compared to their high income counterparts. Hence, there is less hysteresis in weapons exports when compared with heavy weapons when weapons exports. (v) The determinants of persistence employed in the conditioning information set are contingent on fundamental characteristics and panels. Policy implications are discussed.
Tail and ear biting lesions in pigs: an epidemiological study

Tail and ear biting lesions have a negative effect both on the animal welfare status of pigs (Sus scrofus) and the economical revenue of the pig farm. Tail biting behaviour is an unpredictable, abnormal behaviour that is thought to have a multifactorial origin. On-farm factors influencing tail biting have been described, but the real triggers are poorly understood. Much of the research into tail biting has been done on a small scale within a well-controlled environment and small sample sizes. This well-controlled environment is not always representative of the contemporary commercial conditions. Therefore, an observational epidemiological approach at farm level was adopted to gain a better insight into the factors influencing the occurrence of tail and ear biting lesions. Tail and ear biting lesions were observed at pen level three times a year on sixty farms across Belgium. A questionnaire was conducted to build a multifactorial model indicating different risk factors concerning the lesions scored. The temperature and the number of feeding places per animal in the nursery, the percentage of floor space covered with slats in the farrowing unit, the feed type in the growing unit and the overall hygiene policy were the most important indicators for the appearance of tail and ear biting lesions during fattening. The leave-one-out cross validation of the model demonstrated an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.55 between the predicted model outcomes and the observed data. This epidemiological study provides important potential risk factors in relation to the incidence of tail and ear biting lesions. However, experimental and/or longitudinal studies have to confirm that the correlations found in this work are causal factors.
What is the role of extracranial carotid artery stenosis in evaluation of brain CT perfusion in acute stroke

Poster: "ECR 2013 / C-1778 / What is the role of extracranial carotid artery stenosis in evaluation of brain CT perfusion in acute stroke? " by: "M. Radzina, G. Krumina, K. Kupcs, E. Miglane; Riga/LV"
Modelling Impacts of a Municipal Spatial Plan of Land-Use Changes on Surface Water Quality—Example from Goriška Brda in Slovenia

Intensive agriculture causes nutrient leaching and accelerates erosion processes, which threatens the good quality status of surface waters, as proposed by the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive. The purpose of this study was to define the impact of two alternative agricultural land-use change scenarios defined in a Municipal Spatial Plan on surface water quality by using the Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model. As experimental area, we chose a small Kožbanjšček stream catchment (1464 ha) situated in the Goriška Brda region in Slovenia. The area, due to favorable conditions for vineyards, is facing increasing deforestation. The change of 66.3 ha of forests to vineyards would increase the sediment, nitrate, and phosphorus loads in the stream by 24.8%, 17.1%, and 10.7%, respectively. With the implementation of vegetative buffer strips as a mitigation measure of the current situation, we could reduce the sediment, nitrate, and phosphorus loads by 17.9%, 11.1%, and 3.1%, respectively, while a combination of the two land-use change scenarios would result in a slight increase of the above-mentioned loads, corresponding to 0.61%, 2.1%, and 6.6%, respectively, compared to the baseline situation. The results confirm that, as we can increase pollution levels with deforestation, we can also reduce water pollution by choosing proper types of land management measures.
The nitrogen footprint of organic food in the United States

We estimated the reactive nitrogen (Nr) lost per unit food Nr consumed for organic food production in the United States and compared it to conventional production. We used a nitrogen footprint model approach, which accounts for both differences in Nr losses as well as differences in productivity of the two systems. Additionally, we quantified the types of Nr inputs (new versus recycled) that are used in both production systems. We estimated Nr losses from organic crop and animal production to be of comparable magnitude to conventional production losses, with the exception of beef. While Nr losses from organic vegetables are possibly higher (+37%), Nr losses from organic grains, starchy roots, legumes are likely of similar magnitude to conventional production (+7%, +6%, −12%, respectively). Nr losses from organic poultry, pigmeat, and dairy production are also likely comparable to conventional production (+9%, +10%, +12%, respectively), while Nr losses from organic beef production were estimated to be higher (+124%). Due to the high variability and high uncertainty in Nr efficiency in both systems we cannot make conclusions yet on the statistical significance of these potential differences. Conventional production relies heavily on the creation of new Nr (70%–90% of inputs are from new Nr sources like synthetic fertilizer), whereas organic production primarily utilizes already existing Nr (0%–50% of organic inputs are from new Nr sources like leguminous N fixation). Consuming organically produced foods has little impact on an individual’s food N footprint but changes the percentage of new versus recycled Nr in the footprint. With the exception of beef, Nr losses from organic production per unit N in product are comparable to conventional production. However, organic production requires the creation of less new Nr, which could reduce global Nr pollution.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEPENGARUHI AGRESIVITAS PAJAK PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTI DAN REAL ESTATE

Dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir realissasi penerimaan pajak selalu tidak pernah mencapai target. Salah satu indikasi selalu tidak tercapainya target pajak karena terdapat agresivitas pajak yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan. Agresivitas pajak adalah tindakan menurunkan penghasilan yang dikenaka pajak melalui kegiatan perencanaan pajak, baik secara legal maupun ilegal. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh Capital Intensity, Profitabilitas, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Inventory Intensity terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh perushaan Properti dan Real Estate yang terdaftar di BEI. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh 34 perusahaan. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa variavel Capital Intensity, Profitabilitas, dan Inventory Intensity berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak, sedangkan Leverage dan Ukuran Perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan teori serta pengetahuan dalam bidang akuntansi, khususnya dalam perpajakan yang berkaitan denagn agresivitas pajak dan bagi investor dapat menjadi pertimbangan saat menanamkan modalnya agar terhindar dari perusahaan yang melakukan tidakan pajak agresif.
The prognostic significance of MET overexpression in Chinese patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

53 Background: MET, receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), has been proposed as a therapeutic target in gastroesophageal cancer (GEC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate MET expression in Chinese patients with resectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma and to correlate expression with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis. Methods: MET protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in paraffin-embedded tissues from resected tumor specimens. MET IHC was conducted using the CONFIRM SP44 anti-MET monoclonal antibody (Ventana Medical Systems Inc., Tucson, AZ). Four MET IHC scores were defined: 3+ (≥50% of tumor cells staining with strong intensity); 2+ (≥50% of tumor cells with moderate or higher staining, but <50% with strong intensity); 1+ (≥50% of tumor cells with weak or higher staining, but <50% with moderate or higher intensity); or 0 (no staining, or <50% of tumor cells with any intensity) (Spigel et al, J Clin Oncol 2011;29:Suppl, Abst 7505).