Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DE7_OA_Aasim edit

Background : Periodontitis is result of cumulative exposure of dental plaque, thus the main aim of periodontal therapy is the prevention of plaque accumulation and maintain periodontal health. The clinical effect of scaling and root-planning (SRP) are well documented . Antimicrobial agents act as an adjunct to periodontal therapy. One of the most frequently used antimicrobial agents is chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), it is a broad spectrum antiseptic with a pronounced antimicrobial effect Clinical improvements after SRP are associated with microbiological changes that include a decrease in microbial load and a mean percentage change of certain periodontal pathogens , such as Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tarnella forsythus. These species are gram negative anaerobes which possess, an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing synthetic trypsin substrate, BANA. Methods : This study included 30 individuals who were randomly distributed in two groups test (SRP + CHX) and control (SRP) Results : The results of the study stated that the treatment with SRP and CHX improved clinical and microbiological parameters compared to the SRP alone as a monotherapy. Conclusion : CHX rinsing and repeated professional plaque removal could have equivalent therapeutic benefits, the use of CHX offers the great advantage of not requiring the patient’s presence in the dental office.
Physiochemical, Nutritional and Functional Properties of Doum (Hyphene thebaica) Powder and Its Application in Some Processed Food Products

The nutritive value of the products mentioned above is not high. Therefore, there is a need to increase it by adding something like Doum fruit powder. This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of utilization Doum fruit powder through determination of proximate analysis as well as the functional characteristics so that to optimize the ratio of addition and then to assess it as a supplementary in some food products including cake and Tahina as source nutrients and mineral as well as increase the acceptability for the consumer. The standard methods were used to determine the proximate analysis, minerals, functional properties and sensory evaluation. The proximate composition of Doum powder was determined. Protein, fat, fiber and total carbohydrates were 6.40, 0.91, 12.30, 6.45 and 62.45%, respectively. Among the functional properties, water, and oil absorption capacities and bulk density were 3.20g/g, 2.31g oil/g, 0.95g/mL, while the least gelation capacity was 26.0% at the highest concentration (10%). The cake was made of different concentrations of Doum powder 5, 10 and 15%, while Tahina was made of 15, 25 and 35%. The nutritional value of the processed cake and Tahina (crude protein, crude oil, fiber and ash) was found to be increased with the increase of Doum flower addition except for the total carbohydrates compared with the control sample (without addition of Doum powder). The same trend was investigated in minerals content (Ca, K and Na). The viscosity and density of processed Tahina were found at the highest addition (35%) were 45.50 cp and 1.089g/mL, respectively. The sensory evaluation results illustrated the presence of significant differences (p<0.005) among the samples which increased in the acceptability by increasing the Doum powder substitution comparing with the control sample. Tahina and cake samples with highest Doum powder addition had the highest overall consumer acceptability score. The results have demonstrated that the Doum powder possesses good nutritional and functional properties and can be used for various important applications in food industry. It can be recommended that further study on the purification and identification of the bioactive compounds that can be found in Doum flour and assess it as an in vivo antioxidant activity by using the animals test.
Bacteriological profile of diabetic foot infection with special reference to ESBL and MRSA in a coastal tertiary care teaching hospital

Introduction: One of the most important complications of diabetes mellitus is foot infection. Bacterial spectrum of diabetic foot infections vary greatly. The increasing association of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in diabetic foot infections further complicates therapy. Hence, we aimed at determining the prevalence of bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers and their anti-biogram. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, observational study. A total of 217 infected diabetic wound samples (pus swab/discharge) were collected from patients seen both IP department and OP departments of Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College & Hospital. Antimicrobial resistance pattern was performed, as per standard microbiological procedures including methicillin resistant S. aureus and extended spectrum of beta lactamase (ESBL). Results: Overall 207 bacteria were isolated. Among them, 122 (58.94%) were Gram negative bacilli and others were Gram positive cocci, 85(41.06). The most common isolate was Pseudomonas (23.67%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22.70%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (15.94%), Klebsiella species (14.97%), Escherichia coli (9.18%). Among 122 Gram negative bacilli, 57 were identified as ESBL producing strains. A total of 47 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were recorded, 22 were identified as MRSA strains. Majority of Gram negative isolates were susceptible to piperaciillin/tazobactum followed by amikacin. All isolates remained susceptible to cefeperazone/sulbactum and imipenam except non fermenting Gram negative bacilli. Conclusion: Regular monitoring of bacterial susceptibility patterns helps in guiding clinician to choose apt antibiotic to treat infected diabetic foot. Treatment should be initiated only after performing culture and sensitivity testing. Therefore, the rapid propagation of multi drug resistance can be prevented.
CORRELATION OF SERUM MAGNESIUM, ZINC AND COPPER WITH GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN (HbA1C) IN T2DM PATIENTS

Background: Diabetes is a long-standing disease characterized by hyper glycemia. This hyper glycemia considered as a primary culprit of diabetic complications and is associated with increased metabolic processes and oxidative stress. The trace elements are important co-factors in these events. Objectives: In the present study we estimated the serum zinc, magnesium, copper and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. A correlation of serum zinc, magnesium and copper with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is done in diabetic subjects. Material and methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry on 360 subjects in the age group of 35-70 years, attended OP in Hind Institute of Medical Sciences. Among them 180 healthy subjects enrolled as control group remaining 180 T2DM patients were served as case group. Fasting venous blood sample was analysed for fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum zinc, serum magnesium, serum copper and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Statistical analysis was done using student‘t’ test . Pearson’s correlation between the study variables was performed to establish the relationship. Results: The FBS, serum copper and HbA1c levels were significantly elevated in diabetics compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). There was significant decrease in the levels of serum zinc and magnesium levels in diabetics compared to the controls (p<0.001). There is a positive correlation between serum copper with HbA1c, while there a highly significant negative correlation between serum zinc and magnesium with HbA1c in diabetic patients. Conclusion: Diabetic patients showed a positive correlation between serum copper with HbA1c and a negative correlation between serum zinc and magnesium with HbA1c.
Abdominal Tuberculosis in Uttarakhand: A diagnostic Dilemma

Background: Abdominal tuberculosis has become one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. It can involve any part of gastrointestinal tract. It is a major public health problem in developing countries. Abdominal tuberculosis still presents a diagnostic challenge as clinical symptoms are nonspecific and mimic various gastrointestinal disorders. Aim: To analyse role of various clinical, histopathological and microbiological findings in confirming the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis. Materials and Method: A retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary teaching hospital in Uttarakhand and all cases diagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis were included in the study. All relevant data were collected from medical records. Histopathological examination along with Ziehl-Neelsen staining was done in all the cases to detect acid fast bacilli. Results: Out of the 68 cases of abdominal tuberculosis, intestinal tuberculosis had highest incidence of 45.59%, out of which ileum was the most frequent site . This was followed by peritoneal tuberculosis (33.82%) and nodal tuberculosis (14.71%). Stricture was seen in 41.18% cases. It was seen that in intestinal tuberculosis caseating granuloma had 29.03% positivity for acid fast bacilli while non-caseating had a positivity of 12.90%. In lymph node tuberculosis acid fast positivity was 40% in caseating and 10% in non-caseating granuloma. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) level was raised in 100% cases of ascitic type peritoneal tuberculosis. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 21 to 40 years. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom observed in all cases (100%) of abdominal tuberculosis. Conclusion: Significant variations are seen in the clinical presentation of abdominal tuberculosis. Symptoms are non-specific and diagnostic criterias are limited. Advanced tests are required to diagnose the disease accurately. However, in a low resource setting tissue biopsy is the ultimate tool for diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis.
SPECTRUM AND MICROBIOLOGY OF DIABETIC FOOT ULCER

Foot Ulcer is one of the leading causes of hospitalization among diabetic patients. The present study observed the microbiological profile of Diabetic Foot with special emphasis to the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Samples were collected for microbiological analysis and the antimicrobial sensitivity test was performed against the commonly used antibiotics. This study observed the predominance of monomicrobial gram‐negative bacteria than gram‐positive bacteria. The isolated bacteria showed differential sensitivity pattern against commonly used antibiotics.
Re-Structuring the Implementation of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) for Accelerated National Development

-This paper discussed the need to re-structure the implementation of TVET in Nigeria for accelerated national development. This is because the novel changes in the world of work have been fueled by myriad competitiveness in industry and also the fact that TVET plays a key role in poverty alleviation of a country. This has presented a need for policy makers and administrators to equip the TVET schools with the right equipment and also the students with the right skills. This paper also x-rays the history of TVET in Nigeria, Employment and workplace pressure for change, problems of TVET in Nigeria as well as the need to Re-structure TVET for National Development. A number of recommendations were made which includes the need for a strong linkage and collaboration between training institutions and the industry and also thatthe initial TVET curriculum should be adjusted to the current and future skills needs of the industry.
Int. J. Biosci

The oilseed plant castor bean (Ricinuscommunis L.) has many applications in medicine, industry and agriculture. This study aims to evaluate the growth of castor bean on different soils as affected by wastewater (sewage effluent) irrigation. Thus, castor bean seeds were sown in six different soils (sandy soil sandy soil + compost polluted soil clay soil calcareous soil saline soil) and irrigated using equal amounts of sewage effluent. The physical and chemical properties of the soils used and the chemical constituents of sewage effluent were investigated. The results showed that the highest percentage of germination of castor bean seeds (96.6%) were achieved in the clay as well as sandy soil with added compost, followed by sandy soil (92.2%). On the other hand the lowest germination percentages were shown with the seeds sown in calcareous soil (50.3%) and saline soil (30.3%). The time duration required for the radical protrusion was also shortest (quick germination) and longest in the polluted, calcareous, and saline soils. There has been also a marked impact on the plant growth, fresh weight and dry weight gain of, where highest values were shown with the plants cultivated in clay soils followed by sandy soil with added compost. These plants exhibited in addition best criteria (weight, length, width). Thus, the results obtained confirmed the ability of castor beanto grow in different types of soils under irrigation by sewage effluent. * Corresponding Author: EzzatKotb ezzatkotb2000@yahoo.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 6, No. 10, p. 15-22, 2015
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anxiety among Patients withHypertension on Follow Up at Menelik-II Referral Hospital, Addis AbabaEthiopia

Background: Anxiety disorders are common among people living hypertension. The co-existence of these disorders are associated with barriers to treatment and worsening medical outcomes, including treatment resistance, increased risk for suicide, greater chance for recurrence and utilization of medical resources and/or increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, assessing depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients has a pivotal role for further interventions. Methods: Institution based cross sectional study was used by face to face interview using standardized questioner, Amharic Version of Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale (HADS), which has scores for classifying the participants having anxiety symptoms, was applied in systematic random sampling of 417 adult participants. Data entry was performed by using EPI info 3.5. 3 and SPPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression analysis (multivariate analysis) was used to identify associated factors. Result: The study revealed that the prevalence of anxiety was 28.5%. Stressful life events (AOR 1.69, 95%CI (1.03, 2.79), being female (AOR 2.57, 95% CI (1.42, 4.56), co-morbid diabetes illness (AOR 2.98, 95%CI (1.61, 5.53), unable to read and write (AOR 2.72, 95% CI (1.33, 5.58) and poor social support (AOR 6.98, 95% CI (3.48, 13.96) had statistically significant association with anxiety with p-value <0.05. Conclusion and Recommendation: Prevalence of anxiety was high. Co-morbid diabetes mellitus, low social support, being female sex, having stressful life events and unable to read and write educational status were associated with anxiety. Clinicians who provide service for patients with hypertension should focus on patients who have co-morbid of other illness such as, diabetes mellitus, and who have stressful life events in the last six months to assess the presence of anxiety. In additions ministry of health should give training on how to screen anxiety hypertensive patients and should develop guidelines to screen and treat among hypertensive patients.
Effect of applying nurses driven electrolyte repletion protocol on electrolyte disturbances control among critically ill patients

Background and objective: Electrolyte disturbances remain a common lifesaving issue in the intensive care units. They are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. They are mostly resulted secondary to critical illness itself or associated treatment modalities. Therefore, electrolytes repletion should be done effectively and timely. This could be ensured using nurse driven protocols rather than traditional methods of repletion. These protocols are nurse initiated and collaboratively developed. They have been shown to improve patient care outcomes through the provision of high quality care. They are increasingly being used in the critical care setting. Objective: Determine the effect of applying nurses driven electrolytes repletion protocol on electrolyte disturbances control among critically ill patients. Methods: Quasi experimental research design was used. Sixty two critically ill patients with electrolyte loss were enrolled in the study at Alexandria Main University Hospital intensive care units, Egypt. All episodes of electrolyte loss were evaluated. Repletion of electrolyte loss was done according to unit routine for the control group and nurses driven electrolytes repletion protocol for the study group. Episodes of electrolyte disturbances, adverse events and timing of repletion were evaluated. Results: Neurological disorders represent the most encountered diagnosis. The most common cause of electrolyte loss was the use of diuretics. Furthermore, there was a highly statistical difference between the two groups as regard electrolytes levels, effectiveness and timing of replacement. Conclusions: Application of nurses driven electrolyte repletion protocol resulted in improvement in the effectiveness and timeliness of electrolyte replacement.
Deltamethrin induced Changes in the Testicular Adenosine Triphosphatases (ATPases) activities in the Adult rats

Deltamethrin (DM), a synthetic pyrethroid type II is used extensively in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, public health and households throughout the world. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of DM on the specific activities of Adenosine Triphosphatases (ATPases) in the testis of adult rats. Adult male rats (90 days old) of Wistar strain were exposed to DM at the dose of 1mg/kg body weight, orally for 60 days. The control group received corn oil alone as vehicle. Another group of rats were treated with DM and the same was withdrawn for a further period of 60days. After the treatment period rats were euthanized and the testes were immediately removed and used for estimating the enzyme activities. Administration of DM significantly decreased the activities of Na+ K+ dependent ATPase, Mg++ dependent ATPase and Ca++ dependent ATPase. However, the parameters from the animals after withdrawal of DM treatment were similar to those of control groups. Thus, the present study suggests that chronic low dose of treatment of DM is capable of inducing testicular toxicity.
Stock Returns and Fundamentals in the Australian Market

This study compares 10 widely used financial performance measures of stock return in the Australian stock market. The five financial measures are calculated on information provided in publicly available financial reports (accounting based financial measures) and the other five are calculated using market information as one of the key variable (market based financial performance). The sample includes companies from all major industries from 2001 to 2010. The panel data analysis shows that market based financial performance measures can better explain stock price variance compare to accounting based measures of financial performance. It has significance for researchers and practitioners seeking to select measures that can empirically explain the performance of company. It has also importance for shareholders tracking performance of companies in order to make profitable investments.
The Relationship Between Government Expenditure, Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria

This study examines the relationship between government expenditure, economic growth and poverty reduction in Nigeria using time series data over the period 1980-2013. Employing modern time series econometric techniques such as unit root tests, bound test co-integration approach and error correction techniques within an ARDL framework which yields more robust estimates.It is found that government spending affect economic growth positively and significantly by increasing real private investment and fixed capital accumulation which increase capital accumulation, reduction in current account deficit, external debt burden and improve education/skills of the households by improving human capital. Findings emerge from this study that government expenditure has significant short run impact on poverty reductions in its lag form in which it might be examined by the role of fiscal policy in alleviating poverty of current year in Nigeria.The study suggested policies the role of government should be extended to ensure the magnitude and the quality of private investment as high as possible.
The role of precision medicine for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma

ABSTRACT Introduction: The progressive understanding of the molecular and biochemical alterations of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has drastically changed the course of this tumor through the development of new molecular targeted drugs. Furthermore, an increasing knowledge of disease molecular pathways and genetic mutations are turning RCC in different kind of tumors each one with different clinical behaviours, outcomes and treatment chances. Areas covered: After angiogenetic inhibitors which are the current first treatment choice other target drugs are emerging as agents able to improve survival of patients with RCC. However, since that RCC involves different kind of tumors resulting by specific gene alterations the choice of the most favourable treatment could be difficult. Expert commentary: Which factors must be considered before planning treatment strategy? May a better genetic disease knowledge be a support able to help clinicians during decision making and tailored drugs development? These questions are an open challenge whose responses could revolutionise the course of this disease.
Two Years Follow Up After Iris Claw Intraocular Lens Implantation for Correction of Aphakia

AbstractAim: Aphakia with insufficient capsular support is a challenging situation that can be managed by multipleoptions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate iris claw IOL implantation as one available option as regards visualoutcome and complications.Methods: This was a prospective interventional study that included 26 eyes of aphakic patients with insufficientcapsular support diagnosed preoperatively or acquired intraoperatively. Data analyzed included best corrected visualacuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), central endothelial cell density (CECD) and anterior chamber angle depthby optical coherence tomography preoperatively and postoperatively for 24 months.Results: 26 eyes of 17 patients received iris claw IOL implantation for correction of aphakia with insufficientcapsular support. Mean age of the patients was 32.8 ± 20.9, 13 patients (50%) underwent secondary implantationand the other 13 (50%) underwent primary implantation of iris claw IOL. The mean preoperative LogMAR BCVA was1.11 ± 0.28 improved to 0.63 ± 0.18 at 9 months postoperatively p-value (<0.001). Preoperative IOP was 18.7 ± 4.9mmHg, postoperative was 15.9 ± 3.5 mmHg. Preoperative CECD was 3337.6 ± 801.9 cell/mm2 changed to 2837.4 ±640.9 cell/mm2 at 3 months then to 2676.1 ± 664.4 cell/mm2 at 9 months postoperatively p-value (0.03) and then to2636.6 ± 652.6 cell/mm2 at 24 months postoperatively. Preoperative anterior chamber angle depth was 41.1 ± 4.4and postoperative was 42.8 ± 2.9. Conclusion: Iris claw IOL implantation is a safe option in cases of aphakia with insufficient capsular support withsignificant improvement in final visual acuity and early loss of endothelial cell density.