Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapy of Equine Sarcoids—From Early Approaches to Innovative Vaccines

Horses and other equid species are frequently affected by bovine papillomavirus type 1 and/or 2 (BPV1, BPV2)-induced skin tumors termed sarcoids. Although sarcoids do not metastasize, they constitute a serious health problem due to their BPV1/2-mediated resistance to treatment and propensity to recrudesce in a more severe, multiple form following accidental or iatrogenic trauma. This review provides an overview on BPV1/2 infection and associated immune escape in the equid host and presents early and recent immunotherapeutic approaches in sarcoid management.
eSEE-d: Emotional State Estimation Based on Eye-Tracking Dataset

Affective state estimation is a research field that has gained increased attention from the research community in the last decade. Two of the main catalysts for this are the advancement in the data analysis using artificial intelligence and the availability of high-quality video. Unfortunately, benchmarks and public datasets are limited, thus making the development of new methodologies and the implementation of comparative studies essential. The current work presents the eSEE-d database, which is a resource to be used for emotional State Estimation based on Eye-tracking data. Eye movements of 48 participants were recorded as they watched 10 emotion-evoking videos, each of them followed by a neutral video. Participants rated four emotions (tenderness, anger, disgust, sadness) on a scale from 0 to 10, which was later translated in terms of emotional arousal and valence levels. Furthermore, each participant filled three self-assessment questionnaires. An extensive analysis of the participants’ answers to the questionnaires’ self-assessment scores as well as their ratings during the experiments is presented. Moreover, eye and gaze features were extracted from the low-level eye-recorded metrics, and their correlations with the participants’ ratings are investigated. Finally, we take on the challenge to classify arousal and valence levels based solely on eye and gaze features, leading to promising results. In particular, the Deep Multilayer Perceptron (DMLP) network we developed achieved an accuracy of 92% in distinguishing positive valence from non-positive and 81% in distinguishing low arousal from medium arousal. The dataset is made publicly available.
Efficacy of repeat arterial spin labeling for angiogram-negative ruptured micro-arteriovenous malformation: A case report

Background: Diagnosing ruptured micro-arteriovenous malformation (AVM) could be difficult using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the acute stage, and a repeat DSA is recommended in DSA-negative cases. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a useful noninvasive tool for detecting AVM, but the efficacy of a repeat ASL for DSA and ASL-negative ruptured micro-AVM in the acute stage is unclear. Here, we report a case of ruptured micro-AVM that was not detected in the acute stage by ASL but in the chronic stage by ASL. Case Description: A 43-year-old man developed right upper-extremity paralysis, and computed tomography (CT) revealed a left frontal lobe hemorrhage. Magnetic resonance imaging, including ASL, CT angiography, and DSA, showed no abnormal findings associated with hemorrhage in the acute stage. The second ASL 93 days after the hemorrhage showed a high signal on the cortical vein of the left frontal lobe and superior sagittal sinus, and subsequent DSA detected a micro-AVM in the left precentral gyrus. Conclusion: Repeat ASL is less invasive and useful for detecting micro-AVMs which showed no findings on ASL and DSA in the acute stage.
Weil Representations of Symplectic Groups Over Rings

We are interested in Weil representations of Sp(2n, R), where R is the ring Z/plZ, p is an odd prime and l is a positive integer, or, more generally, R = O/pl, where O is the ring of integers of a local field, p is the maximal ideal of O and O/p has odd characteristic. One reason for this interest is that a continuous finite‐dimensional complex representation of Sp(2n, O) has to factor through a representation of Sp(2n, O/pl) for some l.
Breaks in the Asian Monsoon: The Influence of Southern Hemisphere Weather Systems

Abstract Atmospheric model results suggest that chaotic weather systems in the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes can trigger “breaks” in the Indian monsoon rainfall. Indeed, the mechanism may be able to trigger a more general break of the entire Asian monsoon. The mechanism proposed involves the injection of dry, high negative potential vorticity air from the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes into the low-level monsoon inflow. Observations from the 1994 monsoon season tend to support this mechanism and, if true, it may imply some predictive skill for shorter-range forecasting. However, the mechanism proposed may also imply that an accurate seasonal forecast of monsoon rainfall is an impossible objective, with important consequences for the agricultural economies of the region. Results are presented from both an idealized model and a full general circulation model.
Numerical modelling on polymer composites prepared via large area extrusion-deposition additive manufacturing: fibre orientation, material inhomogeneity, and thermal-mechanical responses during material loading process

The flow-induced fibre orientation formed during polymer extrusions causes the composite to exhibit non-homogeneous thermal-mechanical behaviours during Large Area extrusion-deposition Additive Manufacturing (LAAM) processes. This study numerically evaluates the fibre orientation state of a 20 wt. % short carbon fibre reinforced polyethylenimine fabricated by LAAM. The fibre orientation state of the solidified deposited bead is determined by a fully coupled flow/orientation simulation approach. The material properties of deposited composites are computed by assuming that the deposited bead has heterogeneous regions with varying local fibre orientation states. A finite element simulation is performed to model the LAAM process of a thin-wall structure, where the predicted inhomogeneous material properties are employed. Computed results show notable differences between simulations performed by employing homogenous properties and those obtained using heterogeneous properties. The bead-direction tensile stress contours computed under the heterogeneous assumption are comparable to experimental data in the literature, supporting our numerical approach.
The influence of magnetic fields on the hydrostatic structure of the atmospheres of chemically peculiar stars

We discuss the properties of atmospheres of chemically peculiar magnetic stars. The slow evolution of global mag- netic fields leads to the development of an induced electric current in all conductive atmospheric layers. The Lorentz force, which results from the interaction between a magnetic field and the induced current, may change the atmospheric structure and provide insight into the formation and evolution of stellar magnetic fields. We developed a model atmosphere code that takes into account the Lorentz force in the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium, and computed a number of model atmospheres for magnetic A and B stars. The surface distribution of a magnetic field was assumed to be a dipole, slightly distorted by the induced atmospheric electric current. The interaction between the magnetic field and electric current is modelled in detail, tak- ing into account microscopic properties of the stellar plasma. The presence of a significant Lorentz force leads to substantial modification of the atmospheric structure and in particular the pressure stratification, which in turn influences the formation of absorption spectral features, especially hydrogen Balmer lines. Furthermore, we find that rotational modulation of the disk- average parameters of a global stellar magnetic field causes characteristic rotational variability of hydrogen lines. With our model, observable effects correspond to induced electric currents of the order of 10 −11 cgs, which requires characteristic field evolution times 2-3 orders of magnitude shorter than the field decay time estimated for magnetic A and B stars assuming fossil dipolar field topology in the stellar interior. Using the computations of our model atmospheres we consider an observational aspect of the problem and attempt to interpret photometric data on the variability of hydrogen lines within the framework of simplest model of the evolution of global magnetic fields. With the hydrogen line data we find tentative support for the presence of a non-negligible Lorentz force in the atmospheres of some magnetic chemically peculiar stars.
Box-Type Approximations in Nonparametric Factorial Designs

Abstract Linear rank statistics in nonparametric factorial designs are asymptotically normal and, in general, heteroscedastic. In a comprehensive simulation study, the asymptotic chi-squared law of the corresponding quadratic forms is shown to be a rather poor approximation of the finite-sample distribution. Motivated by this problem, we propose simple finite-sample size approximations for the distribution of quadratic forms in factorial designs under a normal heteroscedastic error structure. These approximations are based on an F distribution with estimated degrees of freedom that generalizes ideas of Patnaik and Box. Simulation studies show that the nominal level is maintained with high accuracy and in most cases the power is comparable to the asymptotic maximin Wald test. Data-driven guidelines are given to select the most appropriate test procedure. These ideas are finally transferred to nonparametric factorial designs where the same quadratic forms as in the parametric case are applied to the vector .
Use of excess height and cluster extent in subtraction SPECT

Subtraction of ictal and interictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion images of the brain has the potential of locating the epileptogenic region. This region generally shows large differences between both images. However, differences can also be induced by noise in the projection data. We hypothesized that the extent, besides the intensity, of observed clusters of voxels in thresholded subtraction images, is an important parameter in the classification of clusters into real perfusion differences and noise-induced differences. To test this hypothesis, we performed a number of simulation experiments. Using a Monte Carlo approach, we constructed cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of the excess height (i.e., the largest difference in a cluster) and the cluster extent under the condition of no perfusion change (i.e., only noise-induced clusters). The reproducibility of the CDF curves was shown using measured patient data. Furthermore, a three-dimensional (3-D) brain software phantom experiment was used to examine the detection and classification of an induced region of hyperperfusion. In a first experiment, we compared two detection criteria: detection of the induced hyperperfusion based on the observed cluster with the largest excess height and based on the observed cluster with the largest extent. Detection based on the largest extent showed a better sensitivity. In a second experiment, we assigned to every observed cluster a probability, derived from the CDF curves, for excess height and extent. For different probability thresholds, sensitivity and specificity of the detection of the induced hyperperfusion based on its probability for excess height and cluster extent were measured. These measurements were combined in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. These ROC curves showed a better performance when using classification based on cluster extent. We conclude that the cluster extent is an important parameter in the characterization of clusters in thresholded subtraction of perfusion SPELT images of the brain.
The Large-Scale Inflow-Layer Structure of Hurricane Frederic (1979)

Abstract Aircraft, rawinsonde, satellite, ship, and buoy data collected over a 40-h period were composited to analyze the inflow-layer structure of Hurricane Frederic (1979) within a radius of 10° latitude of the storm center. To improve the quality of the composite analyses, the low-level cloud-motion winds (CMWs) employed in this study were assigned a level of best fit (LBF). An LBF was assigned to each CMW by determining the level at which the closest agreement existed between CMW and ground-truth wind data (e.g., rawinsonde, aircraft, ship, and buoy). The CMWs were then adjusted vertically to uniform analysis levels, combined with ground-truth wind data, and objectively analyzed. These objectively analyzed wind fields were used to obtain kinematically derived fields of vorticity, divergence, and vertical velocity. An angular-momentum budget was also computed to obtain estimates of surface drag coefficients. The low-level CMWs in this study were found to have LBFs ranging from 300 to 4000 m. It was sho.
An instability test for nonrotating galaxies

A sufficient condition is established for dynamical instability of model galaxies. The test requires the linear response of the model to an imposed perturbation of the potential, whose functional form may be freely chosen. Unless the trial function has special symmetries, the test is applicable only to systems whose equilibrium distribution function is independent of the sign of the velocities; nevertheless, the test is applicable to a large class of models for elliptical galaxies. 25 references.
Locally most powerful rank tests of independence for copula models

A formula is given for the statistic that provides the locally most powerful rank test of independence against alternatives expressed by copula models. The Savage, Spearman and van der Waerden statistics are seen to be optimal in special cases of interest. The asymptotic relative efficiency (ARE) of any linear rank procedure with respect to the optimal test is expressed as a squared correlation in which the bivariate dependence structure of the data only enters through the copula. In contrast, the margins are shown to influence the ARE of the best rank test, compared to the standard test of independence based on Pearson’s correlation. An extensive simulation study is used to assess the effect of both the margins and the dependence structure on the power of several parametric and nonparametric procedures in small samples from a variety of bivariate distributions.
Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence, Burnout, Work Engagement, and Self-Efficacy during COVID-19 Lockdown

Teachers’ psychological well-being is a crucial aspect that influences learning in a classroom climate. The aim of the study was to investigate teachers’ emotional intelligence, burnout, work engagement, and self-efficacy in times of remote teaching during COVID-19 lockdown. A sample of 65 teachers (Mage = 50.49), from early childhood through lower secondary education, were recruited during a period of school closure to answer self-report questionnaires and other measures assessing study variables. Results showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers reported higher levels of burnout and lower levels of self-esteem due to multiple challenges related to remote teaching and the growing sense of insecurity regarding health safety in the school environment. However, the negative effects of COVID-19 on teachers’ self-efficacy, work engagement, and burnout varied according to their own levels of emotional intelligence. These results demonstrate that emotional intelligence may support teachers in facing these challenges.
Pain during Rapid Maxillary Expansion: A Systematic Review

Aim: The aim of the present systematic review is to evaluate the pain perceived by patients during rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in relation to factors such as demographic characteristics, appliance type, activation protocol, and the eventual use of medication or pain management strategies. Materials and methods: An electronic search of available articles on the subject was conducted on three electronic databases, using predefined keywords. Sequential screenings based on pre-established eligibility criteria were performed. Results: Ten studies were ultimately included in this systematic review. The main data of the reviewed studies were extracted according to the PICOS approach. Conclusions: Pain is a common effect of RME treatment that tends to decrease over time. Gender and age differences in pain perception are not clear. Perceived pain is influenced by the expander design and expansion protocol used. Some pain management strategies can be useful for reducing RME-associated pain.
The correlates of statistics anxiety: Relationships with spatial anxiety, mathematics anxiety and gender

This study investigates the correlates of statistics anxiety. Considering that statistics anxiety and spatial anxiety have been separately correlated with related constructs (e.g., mathematics anxiety, academic performance, etc.), the possibility that spatial anxiety plays a role in statistics anxiety is explored. When facing statistics or mathematics operations, people may imagine or visualize the task operations they must do to obtain the result. To examine this hypothesis, 778 students in a Social or Health Sciences program, enrolled in a –often mandatory– statistics course from Canadian, French and Belgian universities completed an online survey. The results show moderate to strong positive correlations between all three types of anxiety (spatial, mathematics, and statistics). In addition, a mediation analysis reveals the intermediate role played by mathematics anxiety in the relationship between spatial and statistics anxieties. Nonetheless, the direct link from spatial anxiety to statistics anxiety is non-negligible in the model. Finally, the results also indicate that women report higher levels of statistics anxiety, which may be partly explained by their higher level of spatial anxiety.
Immediate and Long-Term Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Static Stretching on Joint Range of Motion, Flexibility, and Electromyographic Activity of Knee Muscles in Older Adults

Introduction and Objective: Previously, various stretching techniques were compared to study their effects on the different physiological parameters of hamstring muscles in the elderly population. There is no research that compares the immediate and long-term effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation-contract–relax (PNF-CR) and static stretching (SS) techniques on knee range of motion (ROM), hamstring flexibility, and knee flexor muscle EMG activity in the elderly. This study intends to compare the same. Methods: A total of 30 males aged 55–75 years were randomly assigned into the PNF-CR group (n = 10), SS group (n = 10), and control group (n = 10). The PNF-CR group received four trials of the contract–relax technique, the SS group received passive stretching of an 80 s duration by the therapist, and the control group received no intervention. A total of 12 sessions were given during the four-week period. Knee range of motion, electromyographic activity of the biceps femoris, and the sit-and-reach test were taken for the dominant side thrice: pre-intervention, immediately after stretching, and after the training period. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of biceps femoris between the PNF and the control groups (p = 0.01) after four weeks of intervention. The knee ROM and hamstring flexibility for the PNF group showed significant improvement immediately post-test (p = 0.01) and after four weeks of training (p = 0.07 and p = 0.001). SS showed significant results for both ROM and flexibility after four weeks of intervention (p = 0.001), and significant immediate post-test improvements were seen for ROM only (p = 0.007). Conclusions: PNF stretching has an immediate, as well as long-term, effect on knee ROM and hamstring flexibility, whereas it has only a long-term effect on muscle electromyographic activity. SS has an immediate, as well as long-term, effect on knee ROM and only a long-term effect on hamstring flexibility, without any immediate or long-term effects on muscle electromyographic activity.
Numerical Simulation of Sediment-Laden Jets in Static Uniform Environment using Eulerian Model

Abstract Sediment-laden jets were simulated with an Eulerian two-phase model that implements Euler-Euler coupled governing equations for fluid and solid phases. Both flow-particle and particle-particle interactions were considered in this model. A modified k-ε turbulence model was chosen to close the fluid phase equations. The computational results compared well with previous laboratory measurements. The characteristics of the flow fields of the two phases and the influences of hydraulic and geometric parameters on the distribution of the sediment-laden jet were analyzed on the basis of computational results. The calculation results reveal that if the initial velocity of the sediment-laden jet is high, the jet is sprayed higher and spreads further in the radial direction. The turbulent kinetic energy k and turbulent dissipation rate ε, whose decay rates are higher than that of the jet velocity, decrease rapidly after the sediment-laden jet enters the nozzle. For different values of the exit densimetric Froude number F, the profiles of deposited sediment and the axial distributions of the jet velocity, density deficit and turbulent kinetic energy are self-similar on a certain jet axis. The decay rate of the sand velocity is higher than that of water velocity along the axis of the sediment-laden jet, and if the sediment particle has a higher settling velocity, it has higher inertia and spreads less radially.
Does The Use of Mobile Phones by Farmers Have an Impact on Agricultural Productivity in East Java?

This study examines the use of mobile phones on agricultural productivity in East Java Province and its comparison with peer provinces. This study uses a Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach with a probit model to analyze the impact of using mobile phones for agricultural business activities on the amount of rice output in the form of rice. The data used in this study is IFLS wave 5 2014. The estimation results show that, in general, age, education, marital status, the natural logarithm of income, the number of paddy fields, and location affect the probability of using mobile phones for agricultural purposes. On the other hand, this study also found results that the probability of using a cell phone by individuals in East Java Province is influenced by their level of education. Individual education level in East Java Province positively relates to mobile phone use. It means that the level of education can increase the probability of using mobile phones for agricultural business purposes. Furthermore, the results of the impact of mobile phone use on the amount of rice output found that, on average, individuals who use mobile phones for farming purposes in East Java will get a higher amount of rice output by 841.3 kg compared to individuals who do not use mobile phones for business agriculture.
Introducing the Minimalist Program to students of English*

In this review we evaluate two textbook introductions to the Minimalist Program (MP), the most recent incarnation of the Chomskyan paradigm: Analysing English sentences and An introduction to English sentence structure, both by Andrew Radford. Since there are no significant differences between the two books, our review focuses on the first version, which is slightly longer than the second.