Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS JAHE-JAHEAN LIAR (ZINGIBERACEAE) DI KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG AMBAWANG KECAMATAN KUBU KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA

Zingiberaceae is the family of flowering plants commonly known by the people of Indonesia as the Jahe-jahean. This plant is widely used for many things such as spices, medicine, ornamental plants, cosmetic ingredients, beverage ingredients, hair tonic, etc. The aim of the study is to know the species diversity of wild ginger in Gunung Ambawang Protected Forest Area, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. The method of the reseacrh used exploration and specimen colection with observation in the research areas. According to the research in the field was found 10 species of wild Gingers who belong to the 7 different generaon the transect.The species that dominated in all of transect are Elettaria surculosa (K. Schum.) B.L. Burt & R.M. Sm. and Globba atrosanguinea Teijsm. & Binn. Keywords :Gunung Ambawang, Wild Gingers, Zingiberaceae.
QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE JARACATIÁ SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES PERÍODOS DE SOMBREAMENTO EM VIVEIRO

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different periods of shade/sun in seedlings of jaracatia using quality parameters. Three assessments were performed at 100, 120, 140 days after emergence (DAE), and the treatments 60, 80, 100 DAE (evaluation 1), 60, 80, 100 and 120 DAE (evaluation 2) and 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 DAE (evaluation 3) were shading. Jaracatia seedlings submitted to different periods under shade conditions had changes in morphological parameters and indices for quality evaluation. Seedlings that were under longer periods of shading at 100 DAE achieved greater shoot height, higher relations of shoot height/stem diameter and dry weight of shoot/dry weight of the root system. In this evaluation, plants also showed the lower diameter of root collar, dry weight of roots and Dickson quality index. Increasing the period of shading reflected negatively on the seedling root system growth at 100, 120 and 140 DAE. At 120 DAE, the quality standards considered as more suitable for planting were achieved. The best treatment was the one in which the seedlings remained for 60 days in shading followed by 60 days at full sun.
Venous Thromboembolism and Its Association with COVID-19: Still an Open Debate

Asreported by the World Health Organization, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified as the causative virus of new viral pneumonia of unknown etiology by Chinese authorities on 7 January 2020. The virus was named COVID-19 and because of its ability to cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (i.e., SARS) this infection has also been defined as SARS-CoV2.Furthermore, an association between COVID-19 infection and venous thromboembolism has been reported in several series around the world.For this reason, methods used to improve diagnostic tools, pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and type of anticoagulants are discussed in this expert opinion.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in Africa: Early Insights from the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abstract. Little is known about the clinical features and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Africa. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 10, 2020 and July 31, 2020 at seven hospitals in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Outcomes included clinical improvement within 30 days (primary) and in-hospital mortality (secondary). Of 766 confirmed COVID-19 cases, 500 (65.6%) were male, with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 46 (34–58) years. One hundred ninety-one (25%) patients had severe/critical disease requiring admission in the intensive care unit (ICU). Six hundred twenty patients (80.9%) improved and were discharged within 30 days of admission. Overall in-hospital mortality was 13.2% (95% CI: 10.9–15.8), and almost 50% among those in the ICU. Independent risk factors for death were age < 20 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 6.62, 95% CI: 1.85–23.64), 40–59 years (aHR = 4.45, 95% CI: 1.83–10.79), and ≥ 60 years (aHR = 13.63, 95% CI: 5.70–32.60) compared with those aged 20–39 years, with obesity (aHR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.24–4.27), and with chronic kidney disease (aHR = 5.33, 95% CI: 1.85–15.35). In marginal structural model analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in odds of clinical improvement (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.88–2.67, P = 0.132) nor risk of death (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.35–1.20) when comparing the use of chloroquine/azithromycin versus other treatments. In this DRC study, the high mortality among patients aged < 20 years and with severe/critical disease is of great concern, and requires further research for confirmation and targeted interventions.
Bacterial and viral infections and related inflammatory responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, bacterial and viral infections play a relevant role in worsening lung function and, therefore, favour disease progression. The inflammatory response to lung infections may become a specific indication of the bacterial and viral infections. We here review data on the bacterial–viral infections and related airways and lung parenchyma inflammation in stable and exacerbated COPD, focussing our attention on the prevalent molecular pathways in these different clinical conditions. The roles of macrophages, autophagy and NETosis are also briefly discussed in the context of lung infections in COPD. Controlling their combined response may restore a balanced lung homeostasis, reducing the risk of lung function decline. KEY MESSAGE Bacteria and viruses can influence the responses of the innate and adaptive immune system in the lung of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The relationship between viruses and bacterial colonization, and the consequences of the imbalance of these components can modulate the inflammatory state of the COPD lung. The complex actions involving immune trigger cells, which activate innate and cell-mediated inflammatory responses, could be responsible for the clinical consequences of irreversible airflow limitation, lung remodelling and emphysema in COPD patients.
Epithelial barrier function properties of the 16HBE14o- human bronchial epithelial cell culture model

Abstract The human bronchial epithelial cell line, 16HBE14o- (16HBE), is widely used as a model for respiratory epithelial diseases and barrier function. During differentiation, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) increased to approximately 800 Ohms × cm2, while 14C-d-mannitol flux rates (Jm) simultaneously decreased. Tight junctions (TJs) were shown by diffusion potential studies to be anion-selective with PC1/PNa = 1.9. Transepithelial leakiness could be induced by the phorbol ester, protein kinase C (PKC) activator, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Basal barrier function could not be improved by the micronutrients, zinc, or quercetin. Of methodological significance, TER was observed to be more variable and to spontaneously, significantly decrease after initial barrier formation, whereas Jm did not significantly fluctuate or increase. Unlike the strong inverse relationship between TER and Jm during differentiation, differentiated cell layers manifested no relationship between TER and Jm. There was also much greater variability for TER values compared with Jm. Investigating the dependence of 16HBE TER on transcellular ion conductance, inhibition of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) chloride channel with GlyH-101 produced a large decrease in short-circuit current (Isc) and a slight increase in TER, but no significant change in Jm. A strong temperature dependence was observed not only for Isc, but also for TER. In summary, research utilizing 16HBE as a model in airway barrier function studies needs to be aware of the complexity of TER as a parameter of barrier function given the influence of CFTR-dependent transcellular conductance on TER.
Emergence of a virulent wildlife disease: using spatial epidemiology and phylogenetic methods to reconstruct the spread of amphibian viruses

Improved characterization of the disease process associated with ranavirus infection would enable a priori filtering of ranavirus-consistent reports and provision of better guidance to citizen-scientists about when, where and how to carry out surveillance. In addition, detection of ranaviruses is an ongoing challenge to S.J. PRICE EMERGENCE OF A VIRULENT WILDLIFE DISEASE 27
Influence of Mulch, Tillage, and Diphenamid on Weed Control, Yield, and Quality in No-Till Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various densities of four fall-seeded small grain mulches and diphenamid (N,N-dimethyl-α-phenyl benzeneacetamide) on weed control, yield, and quality in no-till flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘McNair 944’). A greenhouse study investigated the effects of non-soil-incorporated mulch from the same small grains plus alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on various growth parameters of tobacco (‘Speight G-70’). None of the mulches used in the greenhouse study adversely affected growth of the tobacco. Mulch from rye (Secale cereale L. ‘Abruzzi’) killed about 2 weeks before transplanting plus diphenamid provided better annual broadleaf weed control (85%) than wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘McNair’), barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Keowee’), and no mulch. Oat (Avena sativa L. ‘Brooks’) mulch resulted in 80% broadleaf weed control. There were no differences in annual grass control (which was short lived) among mulches but control was lower in the no-mulch treatment. Rye mulch resulted in a 22% increase in the control of broadleaf weeds compared to no-mulch. Yield of the no-till tobacco did not differ among mulches and averaged 82% of that conventionally grown. The quality was not affected. The rye mulch did not affect the yield or quality of tobacco when compared to a nonmulch, noncultivated treatment. The 18% decrease in the no-till yield was apparently the result of the lack of tillage and increased weed interference and was not due to adverse effects from the rye.
Altered Regional Cerebral Blood Perfusion in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients with Dizziness

Dizziness is a common symptom presenting with lightheadedness, vertigo, or disequilibrium. Previous studies reported that the prevalence of feeling dizziness is increased with age and chronic dizziness including vestibular vertigo and orthostatic hypotension may be associated with cognitive impairment and psychiatric illness. The aim of this study was to examine regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in mild cognitive impairment patients with or without dizziness using single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
Extracellular vesicle-associated VEGF-C promotes lymphangiogenesis and immune cells infiltration in endometriosis

Significance Endometriosis is a highly prevalent proinflammatory disease without reliable diagnostic biomarkers and cannot be cured by nowadays’ medical treatments. Herein, we identified that extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated VEGF-C, secreted by proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated endometriotic stromal cells, is a critical modulator for endometriosis progression by promoting lymphangiogenesis. Invaded lymphatic vessels may serve as a canal for the infiltration of immune cells, which further enhances the inflammatory status in the endometriotic microenvironment and produces more EV-VEGF-C. The elevated circulating EV-VEGF-C is a sensitive and reliable biomarker for detecting endometriosis. These data advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of endometriosis and suggest VEGF-C can be a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for endometriosis. Endometriosis is a highly prevalent gynecological disease with severe negative impacts on life quality and financial burden. Unfortunately, there is no cure for this disease, which highlights the need for further investigation about the pathophysiology of this disease to provide clues for developing novel therapeutic regimens. Herein, we identified that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, a potent lymphangiogenic factor, is up-regulated in endometriotic cells and contributes to increased lymphangiogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis and molecular biological characterization revealed that VEGF-C is negatively regulated by an orphan nuclear receptor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII). Further studies demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokines, via suppression of COUP-TFII level, induce VEGF-C overexpression. More importantly, we show that functional VEGF-C is transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs) to enhance the lymphangiogenic ability of lymphatic endothelial cells. Autotransplanted mouse model of endometriosis showed lenvatinib treatment abrogated the increased lymphatic vessels development in the endometriotic lesion, enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes, and immune cells infiltration, indicating that blocking VEGF-C signaling can reduce local chronic inflammation and concomitantly endometriosis development. Evaluation of EV-transmitted VEGF-C from patients’ sera demonstrates it is a reliable noninvasive way for clinical diagnosis. Taken together, we identify the vicious cycle of inflammation, COUP-TFII, VEGF-C, and lymphangiogenesis in the endometriotic microenvironment, which opens up new horizons in understanding the pathophysiology of endometriosis. VEGF-C not only can serve as a diagnostic biomarker but also a molecular target for developing therapeutic regimens.
Ocular Complications in the Prone Position in the Critical Care Setting: The COVID-19 Pandemic

Purpose: Ocular complications are common in the critical care setting but are frequently missed due to the focus on life-saving organ support. The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a surge in critical care capacity and prone positioning practices which may increase the risk of ocular complications. This article aims to review all ocular complications associated with prone positioning, with a focus on challenges posed by COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A literature review using keywords of “intensive care”, “critical care”, “eye care”, “ocular disorders”, “ophthalmic complications,” “coronavirus”, “COVID-19,” “prone” and “proning” was performed using the electronic databases of PUBMED, EMBASE and CINAHL. Results: The effects of prone positioning on improving respiratory outcomes in critically unwell patients are well established; however, there is a lack of literature regarding the effects of prone positioning on ocular complications in the critical care setting. Sight-threatening ophthalmic disorders potentiated by proning include ocular surface disease, acute angle closure, ischemic optic neuropathy, orbital compartment syndrome and vascular occlusions. Conclusions: COVID-19 patients may be more susceptible to ocular complications with increased proning practices and increasing demand on critical care staff. This review outlines these ocular complications with a focus on preventative and treatment measures to avoid devastating visual outcomes for the patient.
The Importance of Mask Selection on Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Outcomes for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains the major treatment option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The American Thoracic Society organized a workshop to discuss the importance of mask selection for OSA treatment with CPAP. In this workshop report, we summarize available evidence about the breathing route during nasal and oronasal CPAP and the importance of nasal symptoms for CPAP outcomes. We explore the mechanisms of air leaks during CPAP treatment and possible alternatives for leak control. The impact of nasal and oronasal CPAP on adherence, residual apnea–hypopnea index, unintentional leaks, and pressure requirements are also compared. Finally, recommendations for patient and partner involvement in mask selection are presented, and future directions to promote personalized mask selection are discussed.
Pre‐ and Post‐Radiotherapy Radiologic Nodal Features and Oropharyngeal Cancer Outcomes

To assess the prognostic value of pre‐/post‐radiotherapy (pre‐/post‐RT) radiologic lymph node (LN) features in human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive and HPV‐negative oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) patients treated with definitive (chemo‐)RT.
Antiretroviral treatment and its impact on oral health outcomes in 5 to 7 year old Ugandan children

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract Background: Antiretroviral therapy for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa has transformed the highly infectious virus to a stable chronic condition, with the advent of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The longterm effects of HAART on the oral health of children are understudied. Objective: To compare the effect of lopinavir-ritonavir and lamivudine on oral health indicators (dental caries, gingivitis, tooth eruption, and oral health related quality of life) in 5 to 7 year old HIV-1 exposed uninfected children from the ANRS 12174 trial. Methods: This study used data collected in 2017 among children aged 5 to 7 years from the Ugandan site of the ANRS 12174 randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT00640263) implemented between 2009 and 2012 in Mbale district, Eastern Uganda. The intervention was lopinavir-ritonavir or lamuvudine treatment to prevent vertical HIV-1 transmission. One hundred thirty-seven and 139 children were randomized to receive lopinavir-ritonavir or lamivudine treatment at day 7 postpartum to compare efficacy of prevention of vertical HIV-1 transmission. At follow up, the children underwent oral examination using the World Health Organization methods for field conditions. The oral health related quality of life was assessed using the early childhood oral health impact scale. Negative binomial and logistic regression were used for the analysis of data. Main outcome measures: Dental caries, gingivitis, tooth eruption, and oral health related quality of life) in 5 to 7 year old HIV-1 exposed uninfected children. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 48% in the study sample: 49% in the lopinavir-ritonavir arm and 48% in the lamivudine treatment group. The corresponding mean decayed missing filled teeth and standard deviation was 1.7 (2.4) and 2.3 (3.7) The mean number (standard deviation) of erupted permanent teeth was 3.8 (3.7) and 4.6 (3.9) teeth in the lopinavir- and lamivudine group, respectively. The prevalence of reported impacts on oral health was 7% in the lopinavir-ritonavir and 18% in the lamivudine group. Gingivitis had a prevalence of 7% in the lopinavir-ritonavir and 14% lamivudine treatment group. The regression analysis revealed 70% less reported impacts on oral health in lopinavir-ritonavir group than the lamivudine treatment group with an incidence rate ratio of 0.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.1–0.9). Conclusions: HIV exposed uninfected infants in the lopinavir-ritonavir group reported less impacts on oral health than the lamivudine treatment group. Dental caries, gingivitis, and tooth eruption were not significantly affected by the treatment lopinavir-ritonavir or lamivudine. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00640263.
From Inquilines to Gall Inducers: Genomic Signature of a Life-Style Transition in Synergus Gall Wasps

Abstract Gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) induce complex galls on oaks, roses, and other plants, but the mechanism of gall induction is still unknown. Here, we take a comparative genomic approach to revealing the genetic basis of gall induction. We focus on Synergus itoensis, a species that induces galls inside oak acorns. Previous studies suggested that this species evolved the ability to initiate gall formation recently, as it is deeply nested within the genus Synergus, whose members are mostly inquilines that develop inside the galls of other species. We compared the genome of S. itoensis with that of three related Synergus inquilines to identify genomic changes associated with the origin of gall induction. We used a novel Bayesian selection analysis, which accounts for branch-specific and gene-specific selection effects, to search for signatures of selection in 7,600 single-copy orthologous genes shared by the four Synergus species. We found that the terminal branch leading to S. itoensis had more genes with a significantly elevated dN/dS ratio (positive signature genes) than the other terminal branches in the tree; the S. itoensis branch also had more genes with a significantly decreased dN/dS ratio. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that the positive signature gene set of S. itoensis, unlike those of the inquiline species, is enriched in several biological process Gene Ontology terms, the most prominent of which is “Ovarian Follicle Cell Development. ” Our results indicate that the origin of gall induction is associated with distinct genomic changes, and provide a good starting point for further characterization of the genes involved.
Cross-sectional examination of musculoskeletal pain and physical function in a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of adults.

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal pain alters physiological function, which may be evidenced as early as middle age. Previous research has concluded that middle-aged adults are a high-risk group for musculoskeletal pain and report functional limitations similar to older adults. However, few studies have examined the relationships between musculoskeletal pain and physical function, using objective performance measures in a sample of racially and socioeconomically diverse adults. Thus, this study examined musculoskeletal pain in relation to physical function in middle-aged (30-64 years) White and Black adults, and investigated whether the relationship varied by sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS This cross-sectional examination incorporated data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span Study. Participants (n=875) completed measures of musculoskeletal pain and objective measures of physical performance (i.e., lower- and upper-body strength, balance, and gait abnormalities). Physical performance measures were standardized to derive a global measure of physical function as the dependent variable. RESULTS Approximately, 59% of participants identified ≥1 pain sites (n=518). Multivariable regression analyses identified significant relationships between greater musculoskeletal pain and poorer physical function (β=-0.07, p=.031), in mid-midlife (β=-0.04, p=.041; ages 40-54) and late-midlife (β=-0.05, p=.027; ages 55-64). CONCLUSIONS This study observed that musculoskeletal pain was associated with poorer physical function within a diverse group of middle-aged adults. Future research should longitudinally explore whether chronic musculoskeletal pain identified at younger ages is associated with greater risk for functional limitation and dependence in later life.