Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A simple microstructural explanation of the concavity of price impact

This article provides a simple explanation of the asymptotic concavity of the price impact of a meta‐order via the microstructural properties of the market. This explanation is made more precise by a model in which the local relationship between the order flow and the fundamental price (i.e., the local price impact) is linear, with a constant slope, which makes the model dynamically consistent. Nevertheless, the expected impact on midprice from a large sequence of co‐directional trades is nonlinear and asymptotically concave. The main practical conclusion of the proposed explanation is that, throughout a meta‐order, the volumes at the best bid and ask prices change (on average) in favor of the executor. This conclusion, in turn, relies on two more concrete predictions, one of which can be tested, at least for large‐tick stocks, using publicly available market data.
Molecular Layer Deposition of Alucone Polymer Films Using Trimethylaluminum and Ethylene Glycol

Polymeric films can be grown by a sequential, self-limiting surface chemistry process known as molecular layer deposition (MLD). The MLD reactants are typically bifunctional monomers for stepwise condensation polymerization and can yield completely organic films. The MLD of organic–inorganic hybrid polymers can also be accomplished using a bifunctional organic monomer and a multifunctional inorganic monomer. In this work, the growth of a poly(aluminum ethylene glycol) polymer is demonstrated using the sequential exposures of trimethylaluminum (TMA) and ethylene glycol (EG). These hybrid polymers, known as alucones, were grown over a wide range of temperatures from 85 to 175 °C. In situ quartz crystal microbalance and ex situ X-ray reflectivity experiments confirmed linear growth of the alucone film versus number of TMA/EG reaction cycles at all temperatures. The alucone growth rates decreased at higher temperatures. Growth rates varied from 4.0 A per cycle at 85 °C to 0.4 A per cycle at 175 °C. In situ Fo.
Applicability of Aquacycle model to urban water cycle analysis

The Aquacycle model was used in this study to test its applicability for an analysis of an urban water cycle. A sensitivity analysis was initially performed for the Goonja drainage basin in the metropolitan Seoul region to identify sensitive parameters. Based on the sensitivity analysis, using a condition number, which is the degree of variations in the output corresponding to variations in the parameter, the base flow index (BI) was found to be the most sensitive parameter during the wet season, followed by the effective road area, effective roof area, effective paved area and pervious storage 2 capacity. During the dry season, the base flow recession constant was the most sensitive parameter, followed by the BI. The calibration parameters were then estimated using the 2006 rainfall and discharge data. The model was verified for 2007 rainfall and discharge data using the calibrated parameters (r=0.97). The calibrated parameters were found to give satisfactory performance statistics for verification of a .
A New Method for Retrieving Particle Refractive Index and Effective Density from Aerosol Size Distribution Data

As part of the Big Bend Regional Aerosol Visibility and Observation study (BRAVO) in July-October 1999, dry aerosol size distributions were measured over the size range of 0.05 < Dp < 20 w m using a TSI differential mobility analyzer (DMA), a PMS LASAIR 1003 optical particle counter (OPC), and a TSI aerodynamic particle sizer 3320 (APS). Extensive calibrations were performed to characterize the response of the OPC and APS to particles of different size and composition. This paper describes a new method that was developed to align size distributions in the instrument overlap regions, allowing for the retrieval of aerosol real refractive index and effective density. To validate the method, retrieved particle real refractive index was compared with volumeweighted model estimates based on measured PM 2.5 chemical composition. The study average retrieved real refractive index was m r = 1.566 - 0.012, and the average computed PM 2.5 refractive index was m r = 1.56 - 0.02; the agreement is well within experimental uncertainties. The average value of computed PM 2.5 bulk density was 1.85 - 0.14 g cm -3 . The average value of retrieved effective density, a function of particle dynamic shape factor, was 1.56 - 0.12 g cm -3 . The comparisons of effective density to computed bulk density suggested an average particle dynamic shape factor of h = 1.2. Sensitivity studies showed that real refractive index could be retrieved with uncertainties on the order of 2-3%, and effective density was retrieved with uncertainties on the order of 20-30%.
Relationship between soil-test P and K and yield response of runner peanuts to fertilizer

Abstract Direct fertilization of peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.) with P and K has generally shown few yield responses, resulting in only limited information concerning critical soil‐test levels of P and K. The purpose of the experiments in this report was to determine the critical soil‐test levels of P and K for runner peanuts using the double‐acid extraction procedure. Fertilizer experiments were conducted on farmers’ fields from 1973 to 1986. Site selection was based on soil test data that indicated “medium”; or “low”; levels of available P or K but “high”; in Ca and Mg. Phosphorus and potassium were applied together at all sites at rates of 20 and 74 kg/ha, respectively, as concentrated superphosphate and potassium chloride. There were yield increases to fertilizer in 6 of the 39 experiments. Soil‐test P for these six ranged between 4 and 53 kg/ha; soil‐test K ranged between 10 and 31 kg/ha. Delineating the yield effect into their P and K components with the aid of multiple regressions of yield on soil te.
Cash Holdings and Corporate Governance in Business Group Affiliated Firms

Using an integration of the agency theory with the institutional perspective and performing multivariate regression analyses, this paper aims to examine the relationship between corporate governance and corporate cash holdings for business group affiliated firms listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and in the Over-The-Counter market. The empirical results reveal that affiliated firms with stronger corporate governance, that have higher growth opportunities and operating cash flows, are small in size, have lower net working capital, are younger, and pay out more dividends, hold more cash than nonaffiliated firms.
Assessing Floodplain Regulation in Glen Williams, Ontario, Canada

Concerns have been expressed about Ontario's floodplain management policy. Specifically, it has been argued that the policy: (1) lacked an effective conceptual and practical basis; (2) did not clarify the issue of jurisdiction over riverine lands; (3) did not come to grips with financial arrangements; (4) provided inadequate enforcement procedures; and, (5) inadequately addressed communications problems. This paper reviews these issues through an examination of the implementation of floodplain land use regulations in Glen Williams, Ontario, Canada. Utilizing a mix of data sources available through the Credit Valley Conservation Authority office, questionnaires administered to floodplain residents and interviews with relevant government officials, the study concludes that despite the continued presence of these concerns, the regulatory process is working reasonably well. There is some concern regarding the interpretation of the one-zone policy between 1984 and 1988. In the near future, the ability of this and similiar regulatory efforts in the Province of Ontario could become more difficult with increased demands and fewer resources. Implications for future activities are noted.
Nonprofit Policy Forum

Sovereign nations have the right to regulate the activities and operations of civil society organizations (CSOs) within their jurisdiction. The nature of official policy controls bears important implications for the breath and health of associational life, to the degree that they are relaxed, restrictive, or intrusive. Since nations in Africa have often been seen to subvert the growth and impact of CSOs, this article traces the policy controls that govern CSOs in Nigeria and Zimbabwe. Within the context of policy change, the article employs the Advocacy Coalition Framework in an effort to trace the policy process in these two countries. It particularly focuses on CSOs-focused policies and on clarifying the role and influence of non-state actors. Although political elites continue to dominate the policy process, non-state actors increasingly permeate the process through various formal and informal strategies, including the use of venues and influencing public opinion. Overall, CSOs-focused policies reflect distorted beliefs originating from the West’s preoccupations with a homogeneous, governance-focused African civil society.
Regulation of markets with sluggish supply structures

in Norwegian: CREE Working Paper 02/2018 Det grønne skiftet: regulering og omstillingsdynamikk Halvor Briseid Storrøsten Bedrifter bruker tid til å tilpasse seg nye reguleringer som krever arbeidere med ny kompetanse eller utskiftning av maskiner og bygninger. Dette essayet presenterer en dynamisk modell for omstilling av elektrisitetssektoren på veien mot lavutslippssamfunnet. Modellen viser at annonsering av nye utslippsskatter har tre effekter på utslipp allerede før skattene innføres: 1. Redusert etterspørsel etter fossilt brensel. De annonserte skattene øker kostnaden ved å forbrenne kull og gass i fremtiden. Dette gjør det mindre gunstig å vedlikeholde eller investere i fossile varmekraftverk og senker dermed etterspørselen etter fossile brensler. 2. Økt tilbud av elektrisitet fra relativt rene energikilder. Utslippsskattene vil gjøre fossil kraftproduksjon dyrere i fremtiden, hvilket innebærer at relativt ren energi blir mer konkurransedyktig. Dette gjør investeringer i blant annet fornybar energi mer attraktivt. Det økte tilbudet av ren elektrisitet reduserer konsumet av elektrisitet fra utslippsintensive varmekraftverk. 3. Økt produksjon av begrensede fossile ressurser som olje og gass. Dette skjer fordi de fremtidige skattene reduserer verdien i å spare resursene for senere produksjon. Ergo er det mer gunstig å utvinne mer nå. Denne mekanismen refereres gjerne til som det «grønne paradokset». Mens (1) og (2) er etterspørselssideeffekter som bidrar til å redusere utslippene, er (3) en tilbudssideeffekt som drar i retning av økte utslipp. Fra et teoretisk ståsted er det dermed tvetydig om annonsering av fremtidige skatter vil øke eller senke dagens utslipp. Numeriske simuleringer gir imidlertid sterke indikasjoner på at (1) og (2) dominerer (3), dvs. at utslippene vil falle. Når det gjelder optimal politikk viser analysen at fremtidige utslippsreduksjoner bør møtes med handling allerede i dag. Dette fordi det tar tid å bygge opp produksjonskapasitet i ren energi, og ned produksjonskapasiteten i eksisterende forurensende kraftverk. Videre er det ikke optimalt å holde utslippskatten lav i starten for å gi bedrifter tid til å tilpasse seg fremtidig regulering. Analysen viser at virkemiddelbruken på veien mot lavutslippssamfunnet bør annonseres tydelig og være forutsigbar, da annonseringen i seg selv har effekt og stor verdi. Et effektivt grønt skifte vil kreve en kombinasjon av skatter/subsidier på investeringer i tillegg til skattlegging av utslipp i en overgangsfase dersom bedrifter diskonterer fremtiden hardere enn det som er optimalt fra et velferdsperspektiv. Regulation of markets with sluggish supply
Role of Flow between Job Demand and Job Resources among the Hotel Employees in Sarawak

The Job Demand-Resources (JD-R) Model has been used to investigate many work outcomes. However, few focused its effects to in-role performance work outcomes and none on flow as mediator in an eastern context. Thus, the objectives of this study are to examine the relationship between flow and in-role performance as well as whether flow mediates the relationship between antecedents (job demand and job resources) and inrole performance among East Malaysian hotel employees. 290 full time frontline and backline employees from fourand five-star rated hotel in Sarawak responded the self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 22 and PROCESS approach. Results confirmed that flow experience positively correlates with in-role performance while also imposes a robust mediating effect between job resources and in-role performance. However, results have shown that flow has no mediation impact on the relationship between job demand and in-role performance. Precisely, hotel employees with provision of sufficient job resources (such as autonomy, social support, performance feedback, possibilities for professional development) are further likely to encounter flow experience, and as a result, are likely to exhibit better inrole performance. Thus, hotel management should redesign jobs and commensurate tasks to encourage flow experiences, which in return lead to better in-role performance that directly contributes to overall performance of the hotel. In addition, management should provide for job resources to encourage task autonomy and better social support systems.
Geodesic rays and stability in the cscK problem

We prove that any finite energy geodesic ray with a finite Mabuchi slope is maximal in the sense of Berman-Boucksom-Jonsson, and reduce the proof of the uniform Yau-Tian-Donaldson conjecture for constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics to Boucksom-Jonsson’s regularization conjecture about the convergence of non-Archimedean entropy functional. As further applications, we show that a uniform K-stability condition for model filtrations and the JKX -stability are both sufficient conditions for the existence of cscK metrics. The first condition is also conjectured to be necessary. Our arguments also produce a different proof of the toric uniform version of YTD conjecture for all polarized toric manifolds. Another result proved here is that the Mabuchi slope of a geodesic ray associated to a test configuration is equal to the non-Archimedean Mabuchi invariant.
Topochemical investigation on phenolic deposits in the vessels of afzelia (Afzelia spp.) and merbau (Intsia spp.) heartwood

Abstract The topochemical distribution of phenolic deposits in the vessels of afzelia (Afzelia spp.) and merbau (Intsia spp.) heartwood was investigated by means of cellular UV microspectrophotometry (UMSP) to characterise the chemical composition and synthesis by pit membrane-associated enzymes. UV absorbance spectra of the deposits attached to the vessel walls of merbau are characterised by a distinct maximum at a wavelength of 368 nm representing the UV absorbance of pure robinetin (C15H10O7). Deposits in the vessels of afzelia display a typical spectrum of kaempferol (C15H10O2) with two distinct maxima at 270 and 350 nm. The pit membranes and pit canals of associated vessel and parenchyma cells are impregnated by these compounds. These results verify the assumption that the synthesis of deposits in afzelia and merbau is regulated by pit membrane-associated enzymes.
Keynote talk: Mining Events from Multimedia Streams

We present a framework to detect or cluster social events in web photo collections, retrieve associated photos and classify these photos according to event types. Compared to traditional approaches that often consider only textual or visual features without the notion of social events, our approach jointly utilizes both features while also incorporating other event-related contextual cues like date and time, location and usernames. Experiments based on the MediaEval Social Event Detection Dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our combined constraint-based clustering and classification model.
Accurate Kirkwood–Buff integrals from molecular simulations

A method is proposed for obtaining thermodynamic properties via Kirkwood–Buff (KB) integrals from molecular simulations. In order to ensure that the KB integration converges, the pair distribution function is extrapolated to large distances using the extension method of Verlet, which enforces a theoretical limiting behaviour on the corresponding direct correlation function. The method is evaluated for the pure Lennard-Jones and Stockmayer fluids. The results are verified by comparing pure fluid isothermal compressibilities obtained from the KB integrals with values from derivatives of equations of state fitted to simulation results. Good agreement is achieved for both fluids at densities larger than 1.5 times the critical density.
Free Trade in Africa: Macroeconomic Convergence, Possibilities and Prospects

For a free trade area to deliver good results, macroeconomic convergence and policy coordination are critical. Inflation, fiscal balance, trade balance, per capita incomes, national debt and real exchange rate are crucial macroeconomic factors which should be taken into account in a pursuit of a free trade area. In particular, to deal with economic shocks in a coordinated manner, it is necessary that macroeconomic policies in African countries are harmonized so that the recently unveiled African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) can be successful. The paper explores the AfCFTA and macroeconomic convergence – a stable macroeconomic environment (i.e. low inflation, low budget deficits etc.) would imply that there is macroeconomic convergence. Also drawing from the experiences of other regions [e.g. European Union in Europe, Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and Mercosur (Bienvenidos al Mercado Común del Sur) in Latin America, the paper makes suggestions that will help African countries go about ensuring macroeconomic convergence. In particular, broadly, it is important that sufficient planning is undertaken for the AfCFTA to be effective. Besides issues of coordination and convergence, decisions need to be made regarding the interface between the AfCFTA and other existing free trade arrangements in Africa. For instance, there must be in-depth research and rigorous policy analysis (also dealing with legal aspects) in relation to the interface between the AfCFTA and the Regional Economic Communities and other relevant issues, including the Tripartite FTA.
at the northern limit : ecophysiological peculiarities

By the bank of the Northern Dvina River for the first time Nymphoides peltata was registered in 2014. In the course of 4 years the area occupied by the popula­ tion increased twofold and the projective cover degree of floating leaves also rose from 50 % in 2014 to 100 % with a considerable overlap of leaf blades in 2018. Structural­functional adaptations (high values of SLA and leaf thickness) are aimed at the acceleration of photosynthesis and growth. The analysis of the ra pid light curves of chlorophyll fluorescence demonstrated that the species is well­adapted to the medium range of light values (400–600 μmol m­2 s­1). The op ti mal values of the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm = 0.81) are indicative of the absence of stress conditions. Our data indicate that Nymphoides peltata is well­adapted to the environment in the studied habitat, have the high capacity for extending over a new territory and demonstrates signs of an invasive species. K e y w o r d s : aquatic plants, adaptation, chlorophyll fluorescence, invasive species, leaf anatomy, SLA
Morphology mirrors ploidy and reproductive modes in Pilosella officinarum

Pilosella officinarum is represented predominantly by tetraploid (2n = 36), pentaploid (2n = 45) and hexaploid (2n = 54) cytotypes reproducing, to various degrees, both sexually and apomictically. Its current intraspecific taxonomical treatment is based mainly on selected apomictic lineages, the large number of which makes the treatment confusing and not generally applicable. We therefore tested the breeding modes of a representative set of plants from central Europe, cultivated under experimental conditions. Each ploidy level was associated with a different reproductive pattern (4x – sexual, 5x – prevalently apomictic and 6x – sexual and apomictic). Whereas sexual tetraploids occurred in the western part of the study area (the Czech Massif), apomictic pentaploids and hexaploids were scattered in its eastern part (Western Carpathians and Pannonia). Moreover, the hexaploid cytotype formed a distinct exclusively sexual group restricted to steep river canyons of the Czech Massif. Morphometric analyses were performed to determine the set of characters which distinguish major lineages characterized by different ploidy and reproductive modes. Their results confirm the existence of morphological differences between plants of different ploidy levels and, in the case of the hexaploid cytotype, different modes of breeding. Knowledge of ploidy and reproductive modes is therefore essential for elucidating the reticulate infraspecific structure of Pilosella officinarum.
Differences in word learning in children: Bilingualism or linguistic experience?

Abstract The current study examines how monolingual children and bilingual children with languages that are orthotactically similar and dissimilar learn novel words depending on their characteristics. We contrasted word learning for words that violate or respect the orthotactic legality of bilinguals’ languages investigating the impact of the similarity between those two languages. In Experiment 1, three groups of children around the age of 12 were tested: monolinguals, Spanish–Basque bilinguals (orthotactically dissimilar languages), and Spanish–Catalan bilinguals (orthotactically similar languages). After an initial word-learning phase, they were tested in a recognition task. While Spanish monolinguals and Spanish–Catalan bilingual children recognized illegal words worse than legal words, Spanish–Basque bilingual children showed equal performance in learning illegal and legal patterns. In Experiment 2, a replication study was conducted with two new groups of Spanish–Basque children (one group with high Basque proficiency and one group with a lower proficiency) and results indicated that the effects were not driven by the proficiency in the second language, as a similar performance on legal and illegal patterns was observed in both groups. These findings suggest that word learning is not affected by bilingualism as such, but rather depends on the specific language combinations spoken by the bilinguals.