Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alternative measures of accuracy in plant spacing for planters using single seed metering

For a planter using a single seed metering mechanism, the ability to place seeds a given distance apart in a row is an important factor in evaluating a planter’s performance. Data collected to measure a planter’s accuracy often consist of a series of distances between plants. The distance between plants within a row is influenced by a number of factors including multiple seeds dropped at the same time, failure of a seed to be dropped, failure of a seed to emerge, and variability around the drop point. The objective of this article is to compare alternative measures of accuracy in seed placement for planters using single seed metering mechanisms. The measures compared are the mean, standard deviation, quality of feed index, multiples index, miss index, and precision. Of the measures considered, both the mean and standard deviation were judged to be inappropriate measures of accuracy.
INJECTION MATCHING STUDIES USING TURN BY TURN BEAM PROFILE MEASUREMENTS IN THE CERN PS

The very small emittance beam needed for the LHC requires that the emittance blow-up in its injector machines must be kept to a minimum. Mismatch upon the beam transfer from one machine to the next is a potential source of such blow-up. The CERN PS ring is equipped with 3 Secondary Emission Grids (SEM-Grids) which are used for emittance measurement at injection. One of these has been converted to a multi-turn mode, in which several tens of consecutive beam passages can be observed. This allows the study of mismatch between the PS-Booster and the PS. This paper describes the instrument and experimental results obtained during the last year. 1 MOTIVATION Since the construction of the PS Booster (PSB) the transfer line between the PSB and the PS has been operated with a rather large dispersion mismatch. This was acceptable for beams with relatively large transverse emittance and small momentum spread. For LHC-type beams however, due to their low emittance requirements, it is essential to improve the dispersion matching. The method described was used to measure this mismatch and to investigate new quadrupole settings in the transfer line in order to reduce it[1].
Ethanolamine Exposures of Workers Using Machining Fluids in the Automotive Parts Manufacturing Industry

Abstract Ethanolamines (EAs) are present in machining and grinding fluids and have the potential to act as respiratory irritants and sensitizing agents. EA levels in bulk cutting fluids were determined and compared with information available in the material safety data sheets (MSDSs), and the exposure to EAs of workers in the auto parts manufacturing industry was characterized. Monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA) were all present in bulk machining fluids at levels ranging from 1 percent to 11 percent, 4 percent to 5 percent, and 0.3 percent to 40 percent, respectively. The MSDSs provided a general guideline to the presence or absence and relative levels of alkanolamines as a class, but were not generally useful as a guide to the presence or relative amount of specific EAs. This was particularly the case with MEA. Air levels of TEA in the personal samples were generally higher for transfer operations and lowest for assembly workers, who do not use machining fluids in the.
Irrigation Scheduling Using Complex Machine Scheduling

AbstractIrrigation schedules are used in many irrigation schemes that operate on a rotational or arranged-demand basis. Determining these schedules is a complex problem, especially when done by hand. Operations research tools such as single machine scheduling are already used to schedule irrigation turns in systems where only one single user can irrigate simultaneously. This paper shows how multimachine scheduling can be used to determine arranged-demand schedules for systems where two or more users can irrigate at the same time. Two models are presented, as follows: (1) the simple multimachine scheduling model that establishes a schedule for systems where all outlets/user discharges are identical, and (2) the complex multimachine scheduling model that determines the schedule when flows to individual outlet/users are not necessarily identical.
Reconfigurable ultra-wide band monopole antenna with a continuously tunable band notch

In this study, the authors introduce a reconfigurable ultra-wide band (UWB) antenna, which exhibits novel behaviour and could potentially be used in future cognitive radio or software defined radio systems. It is based on an UWB monopole antenna and features a narrow-band rejection, which can be tuned over the whole matched bandwidth. Reconfigurability is achieved through the use of active semiconductor-based components. Biasing circuits and components have been taken into account, for simulations as well as measurements, both antennas being prototyped with the embedded active components.
Numerical models of the exchange flows between Hamilton Harbour and Lake Ontario

Accurate simulations of the flow and the transport of water quality constituents in such coastal zones of large lakes as the western end of Lake Ontario and Hamilton Harbour are needed to assess the impact on pollutant levels of cleanup operations and sewage diversions. Coastal models in temperate zone lakes are classified in terms of density stratification, uniform in winter and stratified during summer. During the winter period a 1-D model of the flow between a lake and adjacent harbour is shown to agree favourably with advanced acoustic measurements of the flow in the connecting passage, but does not account for the observed winter buildup of salinity in the harbour. A calibrated 2-D hydrodynamic and salt transport model is used to show that significant exchange does not take place unless the excursion of the inflow is several times greater than the length of the connecting channel, an infrequent occurrence. The exchange is also shown to depend on the flow field at the entrances of the channel. In summ.
Simplified Earthquake Analysis of Multistory Structures With Foundation Uplift

A simplified analysis procedure is developed to consider the beneficial effects of foundation‐mat uplift in computing the earthquake response of multistory structures. This analysis procedure is presented for structures attached to a rigid foundation mat which is supported on flexible foundation soil modeled as two spring‐damper elements, Winkler foundation with distributed spring‐damper elements, or a viscoelastic half space. In this analysis procedure, the maximum, earthquake induced forces and deformations for an uplifting structure are computed from the earthquake response spectrum without the need for nonlinear response history analysis. It is demonstrated that the maxr imum response is estimated by the simplified analysis procedure to a useful degree of accuracy for practical structural design.
Enhancement of the finite-element method for the analysis of vertical train—track interactions

The accuracy of the simulation of train—track interaction can be improved by adding a node at the point of loading, when a contact force exists within the beam element that models the rail. This causes difficulties in the formulation and entails large computational times since the node moves along with the point of contact. In this study, a more simplified method that can represent the discontinuities of slope deflection at the location of both the sleeper and of the moving contact force, while employing the customary finite-element method, has been presented. The simulation of the existence of such an added node without explicitly including it is realized by modifying the Hertzian spring coefficient and adding the additional mass matrix to the existing mass matrix. Also, to enhance the convergence and to overcome the computational burden of load vector calculations at all iterations, a modified Newmark-β integral scheme is proposed. The suggested model was validated by comparing the results with field-test data and other numerical models reported in the literature by other researchers.
Asset Growth Anomaly of Corporate Bonds: A Decomposition Analysis

The asset growth anomaly – an inverse relationship between security performance and asset growth rates – prevails not only in the equity market but also the corporate bond market. This can be attributed to risk and return tradeoff that bonds of high asset growth firms are better collateralized, driving lower default risk and expected return, or due to mispricing that investors under-estimate default probabilities of high asset growth issuers leading to a poor realized performance. We differentiate between these two possibilities by decomposing bond performance to yields and yield changes. We find that the underperformance of high asset growth bond issuers is mainly from the changes of bond yields. Among non-investment grade bonds where the anomaly effect is most intensive, the difference in bond performance caused of yield spread changes between extreme asset growth deciles is more than twice of the performance difference coming from yields spreads. We also show that bond issuers’ collateral growth contributes significantly to the changes in yield spreads, and corroborating the mispricing interpretation, the collateral effect intensifies when bond market sentiment is high. JEL Codes: G11; G22
Interlaboratory Study on Measuring Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete

Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is one of the sensitive inputs in the new Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The most widely used test method to measure CTE of concrete is outlined in AASHTO TP60-00, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Concrete. Several state highway agency materials laboratories and university research centers have custom-built manually operated or automated CTE measuring devices based on recommendations from AASHTO TP60. Automated CTE devices are also commercially available. With many states in the process of implementing the MEPDG, it is important that the CTE measurements from the various devices provide accurate and comparable results. Results from a nationwide CTE interlaboratory study conducted by FHWA are presented. Eleven custom-built and seven commercially purchased CTE units were used in the study. The 18 CTE devices were divided into four groups, with each group testing one 410 stainless steel (SS) specimen and two concrete specimens with low and high CTE. Statistical analysis was performed to determine overall variability of the CTE measurements from the various devices. Additionally, variability was determined between custom-built and commercially available CTE units and between two CTE measuring methodologies (AASHTO TP60 and Texas test method). Accuracy of the CTE measurements from the interlaboratory study was determined from the CTE value of a 410 SS specimen measured according to ASTM E228-06, Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials with a Push-Rod Dilatometer.
Caracterização da água da microbacia do córrego rico avaliada pelo índice de qualidade de água e de estado trófico

The evaluation of water quality index (WQI) and mean trophic state index (mTSI) may be useful for management and administration projects of water systems. Quality of water from the stream Rico micro-basin that supplies the town of Jaboticabal - SP, Brazil, with fresh water has been evaluated, using WQI and mTSI. Collects were undertaken between September 2007 and August 2008, at three sites: a) one of the sources, b) after the Sewage Treatment Stations of Monte Alto city, and c) in the abstraction of water for public supply of Jaboticabal. It was analyzed the physical, chemical and microbiological variables of the water: temperature, pH, BOD5, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, turbidity, total residue, dissolved oxygen, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-a. According to the results, it was concluded: (a) the anthropic activities developed in the neighborhood of the Rico Stream reduces the quality of the water during different times of the year; (b) the average values of WQI in three points analyzed showed a direct relationship with the average values of mTSI, but there was more discrimination of water quality by mTSI, identifying different trophic degrees for points and periods of sampling; (c) the WQI showed better differentiation of water quality in dry period and the mTSI showed better differentiations in the rainy season; (d) the natural depuration and the confluence of the Tijuco Stream with the Rico Stream contribute to better water quality, making it suitable for urban supply after conventional treatment.
Mothers’ and Teachers’ Autonomy Support in Relation to Children’s Academic Procrastination: Self-Efficacy for Self-Regulated Learning as a Mediator

This study investigated the association between children’s perceptions of autonomy support from mothers and teachers in relation to academic procrastination. It also examined the role of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning in mediating these effects. The sample comprised 372 fifth and sixth grade elementary school students from Seoul, Korea. Each completed a questionnaire regarding mothers’ and teachers’ autonomy support, children’s self-regulated learning efficacy, and academic procrastination. The results indicated that whereas mothers’ autonomy support had a direct effect on children’s academic procrastination, teachers’ support did not. In other words, children who perceived higher levels of autonomy support from mothers tended to exhibit less academic procrastination. Regarding indirect paths, children who perceived higher levels of mothers’ and teachers’ autonomy support displayed greater efficacy for selfregulated learning, which corresponded to lower levels of academic procrastination. The discussion highlights the vital roles of autonomy support from mothers and teachers in enhancing children’s feelings of effective self-regulated learning and encouraging them to complete academic tasks. Furthermore, the present study considered not only outward behavioral factors but also the underlying cognitive and affective aspects of delaying behavior that underpin the effects of self-regulated learning efficacy and autonomy support of mothers and teachers on academic procrastination.
Factors that Influence the Propensity to Patent

Abstract: This article provides a decision framework on the practice of engineering management regarding protection of product and process innovation through patents. It studies the influence that the innovation effort of a company and degree of codification of the innovations has on the propensity to patent. Additionally, we analyze how the sector that the company is engaged in and the type of innovation affect these relationships. The conclusions indicate that both the innovation effort of a company and the degree of codification of the innovations have a positive influence on this propensity, and that this influence is greater in some sectors of activity and also is greater for product and radical innovations.
How Travel Attributes Affect Planning Time Horizon of Activities

This study focuses on incorporating the travel attributes (time, cost, and availability of modes) in the activity planning time horizon analysis and presents mixed logit models estimated separately for different activity groups. Although the effects of many other variables are estimated, the focus is on the effects of location (in-home versus out-of-home) and log-sum (measure of travel characteristics) variables. The inclusion of several other variables (household and individual characteristics and activity attributes) allows controlling for many factors affecting this choice and increases the explanatory power of the models. The results of the models reveal that the effects of location and travel characteristics on planning time horizon choice vary among different activity types. Toward a better understanding and quantification of the effects of location and travel attributes, the probabilities of planning the activities in different time horizons are estimated separately for in-home and out-of-home, and with an incremental increase in the logsum. Results reveal that the household obligations and active activities are very sensitive to travel characteristics; therefore, significant changes in the planning and execution of these activities may be expected with changes in the transportation system characteristics. The results of this study enhance the understanding of relationships between travel time, cost, availability of transportation modes, and the activity planning process.
Digitization of Theses and Dissertations: Status Quo India

The fruits of research from the formal research programmes of conventional universities and academic research institutions in India were under-utilized as the access to theses, dissertations and research reports were very limited to the next generation researchers and scholars. Modern information and communication technology (ICT) acts as an effective intervener for paradigm shifting from closed access theses and dissertations to open access electronic theses and dissertations (ETD). The present study brings out the ETD initiatives undertaken in India. These initiatives are presented under national and institutional level. 6 national and 17 institutional ETD repositories are studied in the paper. It also discusses National Policy framework in India for building ETD repositories. UGC Regulations 2005 and 2009, INDEST Consortium, ICSSR – NASSDOC and National Knowledge Commission have provided guidelines to improve the quality of research and also to provide world wide access to research under open access. The paper aims to take an overview of the contents of these repositories and to highlight the problems in self archiving approach of researchers in India.
Establishment of the epigenetic landscape in mammalian embryonic stem cells

Temporal and spatial variation of histone methylation is an important factor in mammalian development. Deciphering the details of such epigenetic phenomena has the potential to enrich both stem cell biology and therapeutics, as well as offer insight into various pathologies. While the enzymatic machinery responsible for these transitions is well known, it is their localization to specific genomic regions that controls cell fate, and this has largely remained a mystery. The goal of this thesis was to use an integrative genomics approach to elucidate the role of cis elements in the establishment of repressive chromatin domains. To this effect, we determined the genetic basis for localization of Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) in mammalian embryonic stem (ES) cells. First, by generating genomewide chromatin state maps in mouse and human by high throughput sequencing, we utilized a comparative and motif dictionary approach to computationally identify potential Polycomb recruitment elements. Surprisingly, we found that PRC recruitment is best explained by localization to clusters of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides, elements originally associated with gene activation. Next, in a series of transgenic assays involving human and E. coli sequence, we were able to reconstitute the chromatin state of an epigenetic memory element in mouse ES cells. Finally, we found that as somatic identity is reset during induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell reprogramming, these same elements are central to a coordinated response in which active chromatin domains are established prior to and independently of transcription. Taken together, these studies highlight the role of a particular cis element in the establishment of both active and repressive chromatin domains. Furthermore, this dynamic underscores how a static genetic element can be utilized to enable the chromatin-based plasticity required of stem cell differentiation and lineage specification.
Electrical Lifetime Estimation of a Relay by Accelerated Life Test

Abstract This paper proposes a way to predict electrical lifetime of a relay using Accelerated Life Testings (ALTs). The relay of interest mounting on printed circuit boards is usually under an inrush current stress. The inrush current is generated and accelerated through controlling a lamp switching device in the ALT. We find that the dominant failure mechanism under high levels of inrush current would be contact welding in the contact surface of the relay and the contact welding process is accelerated according to increase in inrush current. The electrical lifetime model based on Inverse Power Law in term of inrush current is proposed, and parameters characterizing relay’s lifetime distribution are statistically estimated using ALTA 6 PRO software. †책임저자, 회원, 한양대학교 신뢰성분석연구센터 E-mail : kimjaejung@hanyang.ac. kr TEL : (02)2282-1685 FAX : (02)2220-0218 * 회원, 한양대학교 신뢰성분석연구센터** 회원, 안동대학교 기계공학부 기호설명 : 척도모수(Scale Parameter)β : 형상모수(Shape Parameter) 1. 서 론 최근에 정보화 사회로의 지속적인 발전과 취약한 국내 산업 기반의 혁신을 위해 반드시 넘어야 할 관문인 부품과 제품의 원천기술 확보를 위한 신뢰성 기술이 절실히 요구되고 있다.
Effects of Hypoxia on Selected Psychophysiological Stress Responses of Military Aircrew

There is a lack of information on the psychophysiological response of pilots under hypoxic conditions. The study of the physiological, psychological, cardiorespiratory, neurological, behavioural, sensory, and cognitive symptoms that may appear during training in hypobaric chambers is essential to optimize the training processes of aircrew members. Thus, the present study is aimed at analyzing the psychophysiological responses of aircrew members in an incremental hypoxia training protocol. Psychophysiological responses of 44 aircrew members (34 males and 10 females) in an incremental hypoxia training protocol (3 minutes at 0 meters, 8 minutes at 5,000 meters, and maximum time at 7500 meters) were measured. Results suggested that the incremental hypoxia training protocol did not affect cortical arousal and handgrip strength; however, it increased the sympathetic tone, perceived stress, perceived effort, and heart rate and decreased forced expiratory volume and blood oxygen saturation. Thus, we concluded that acute hypoxic hypobaric exposure leads to decreased parasympathetic tone, blood oxygen saturation, and maximal spirometry values, without negatively affecting handgrip strength and cortical arousal. This information will lead to find specific training systems that meet the real needs of aircrew.
Radiation hard humidity sensors based on polyimide-coated fiber Bragg gratings

We report on a feasibility analysis for the development of fiber optic humidity sensors to be applied in high-energy physics applications and in particular in experiments actually running at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). Due to the stringent sensors requirements concerning radiation hardness capability and low temperature operation, we focus our attention on the investigation of fiber optic humidity sensors based on polyimmide (PI)-coated Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). Data here reported, obtained during a wide experimental campaign carried out in the laboratories of CERN, demonstrate that the selected technological platform is able to perform relative humidity (RH) measurements with percent resolution in the temperature range -15-20°C as well as in presence of ionizing radiations up to 10KGray, largely outperforming conventional humidity sensors, currently employed within CERN environment.
Making space for children’s agency with playful learning

ABSTRACT Playful learning has garnered supporters and research evidence, and also can be seen as nebulous and, therefore, reliant on practitioners’ intuitions in early education settings. In this paper, we offer an explicit theoretical account, grounded in developmental psychology of how play might support the acquisition of broad skills and dispositions for lifelong learning. We argue that play develops self-regulation and motivation, both of which support the child’s agency in their learning. We discuss a culturally inclusive view of agency that is distinct from autonomy, and which is visible in many existing early childhood pedagogies. We conclude by suggesting practical strategies that educators can adopt to enhance learning through play and children’s agency in their learning.