Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Treatment Strategies of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients With a Survival Longer than 5 Years

Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high malignancy and a poor prognosis. Patients with TNBC who survive longer than 5 years represent a unique portion of the population. This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features, explore prognostic factors, and evaluate treatment options for these patients. Methods A total of 24,943 TNBC patients were enrolled from the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between January 2010 and December 2016. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1, survival time <3 years; group 2, 3–5 years; and group 3, survival time ≥5 years. The overall survival (OS) and breast cancer cause-specific survival (BCSS) were primarily assessed in this study. A propensity score analysis was used to avoid bias caused by the data selection criteria. We used a Cox hazard ratio analysis to determine prognostic factors, which were selected as nomogram parameters to develop a model for predicting patient survival. Results Patients who survived longer than 5 years were more likely to be younger than 55 years, Caucasian, and exhibit a lower AJCC stage, N stage, distant metastasis, lymph node (LN) involvement, and tumor size than those with a shorter survival time (p < 0.05). The multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that age, race, tumor size, LN status, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. Subgroup analyses for patients with tumors ≤20 mm displayed a superior OS and BCSS for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) not treated with a mastectomy. BCS provided at least an equivalent prognosis to a mastectomy in patients with tumors larger than 20 mm. A nomogram with a C-index of 0.776 (95% confidence interval: 0.767–0.785) was developed to predict the 3- and 5-year survival probability for the patients with TNBC. Conclusion A localized surgical approach may represent a superior choice for TNBC patients with a survival time longer than 5 years. Our study indicated that age, race, tumor size, LN status, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. A prognostic nomogram directly quantified patient risk and was better able to predict long-term survival in TNBC patients.
The Developmental Process of Peer Support Networks: The Role of Friendship

This study investigated the characteristics and development of peer support networks in an effort to unravel the role of friendship in this developmental process. The relationships between friendship networks and peer support networks were explored, and the influence of dyadic and triadic friendships on the development of peer support relationships was examined. Two waves of data were collected among a sample of adolescents in six Chinese junior high schools (n = 913 students from 28 classrooms; mean age = 14.13 years; 50.49% boys), and classroom friendship networks and peer support networks were analyzed. The results showed that peer support networks were sparse, hierarchical, and sex-segregated. Furthermore, peer support networks and friendship networks partially overlapped. Friends tended to have similar support-seeking and support-providing ties. Longitudinal multiplex social network analysis revealed that peer support networks changed moderately over time, and friendships played various roles in the development of peer support networks. Dyadic friendships improved the formation of peer support ties. A mutual friend improved the formation of support relationships between two students when the mutual friend chose the two students as friends, but a mutual friend also hindered or had no effects on the formation of support relationships in other cases. The implications for educators to improve peer support networks are presented, and directions for future research are discussed.
Predicting Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using Smartphone and Wearable Data

Background: Depression and anxiety are leading causes of disability worldwide but often remain undetected and untreated. Smartphone and wearable devices may offer a unique source of data to detect moment by moment changes in risk factors associated with mental disorders that overcome many of the limitations of traditional screening methods. Objective: The current study aimed to explore the extent to which data from smartphone and wearable devices could predict symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methods: A total of N = 60 adults (ages 24–68) who owned an Apple iPhone and Oura Ring were recruited online over a 2-week period. At the beginning of the study, participants installed the Delphi data acquisition app on their smartphone. The app continuously monitored participants' location (using GPS) and smartphone usage behavior (total usage time and frequency of use). The Oura Ring provided measures related to activity (step count and metabolic equivalent for task), sleep (total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset and time in bed) and heart rate variability (HRV). In addition, participants were prompted to report their daily mood (valence and arousal). Participants completed self-reported assessments of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) at baseline, midpoint and the end of the study. Results: Multilevel models demonstrated a significant negative association between the variability of locations visited and symptoms of depression (beta = −0.21, p = 0.037) and significant positive associations between total sleep time and depression (beta = 0.24, p = 0.023), time in bed and depression (beta = 0.26, p = 0.020), wake after sleep onset and anxiety (beta = 0.23, p = 0.035) and HRV and anxiety (beta = 0.26, p = 0.035). A combined model of smartphone and wearable features and self-reported mood provided the strongest prediction of depression. Conclusion: The current findings demonstrate that wearable devices may provide valuable sources of data in predicting symptoms of depression and anxiety, most notably data related to common measures of sleep.
The Polymycovirus-Mediated Growth Enhancement of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana Is Dependent on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism

Polymycoviridae is a growing family of mycoviruses whose members typically have non-conventional capsids and multi-segmented, double-stranded (ds) RNA genomes. Beauveria bassiana polymycovirus (BbPmV) 1 is known to enhance the growth and virulence of its fungal host, the entomopathogenic ascomycete and popular biological control agent B. bassiana. Here we report the complete sequence of BbPmV-3, which has six genomic dsRNA segments. Phylogenetic analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) protein sequences revealed that BbPmV-3 is closely related to the partially sequenced BbPmV-2 but not BbPmV-1. Nevertheless, both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 have similar effects on their respective host isolates ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm, affecting pigmentation, sporulation, and radial growth. Production of conidia and radial growth are significantly enhanced in virus-infected isolates as compared to virus-free isogenic lines on Czapek-Dox complete and minimal media that contain sucrose and sodium nitrate. However, this polymycovirus-mediated effect on growth is dependent on the carbon and nitrogen sources available to the host fungus. Both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 increase growth of ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm when sucrose is replaced by lactose, trehalose, glucose, or glycerol, while the effect is reversed on maltose and fructose. Similarly, both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 decrease growth of ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm when sodium nitrate is replaced by sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate, or ammonium nitrate. In conclusion, the effects of polymycoviruses on B. bassiana are at least partially mediated via its metabolic pathways.
Physical Activity in Crisis: The Impact of COVID-19 on Danes' Physical Activity Behavior

Objectives: Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, societies have been shut down, changing the lives of citizens worldwide, including their physical activity (PA) behavior. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of the shutdown on Danish citizens' leisure PA throughout different stages of life: 15–18, 19–29, 30–59, and 60+ years. Methods: Between April 3 and 15, 2020, while Denmark was shut down, a survey was distributed through online platforms. Danish citizens (>15 years) could participate in the study, answering questions about their PA behavior before, and during the shutdown. Results: The number of total participants was 1,802; 7.9% teens, 21.5% younger adults, 58.7% adults, and 11.9% older adults. Mean minutes of PA decreased 16.1% from before to during the shutdown. Teens had the largest decrease in PA (36.6%) followed by older (24.9%) and younger adults (21.3%). Low educated (31.5%) and those living in rural areas (30.9%) experienced the largest decrease in PA. Main factors for not doing PA during the shutdown were that they missed what they used to do, lacked social support, and did not have access to the right facilities. Conclusions: During the shutdown, the Danish population struggled even more to comply with national PA guidelines compared with before the shutdown. Although social distancing and shutting down sports facilities are important for preventing the spread of the virus, it can have negative consequences for teens' and younger and older adults' opportunities and motivation for PA, leading to an alarming decrease in PA, and, consequently, will have major public health consequences.
MIND-VR: Design and Evaluation Protocol of a Virtual Reality Psychoeducational Experience on Stress and Anxiety for the Psychological Support of Healthcare Workers Involved in the COVID-19 Pandemic

To ensure the continuity of healthcare and to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors and nursing staff at hospitals must face an insidious, invisible danger that is stretching the healthcare system far past its capacity. Excessive workload, inadequate protection from contamination, the need to manage patients experiencing extreme suffering and being kept apart from their families put medical personnel at high risk to experience stress and anxiety. Numerous scientific studies have shown that, among various therapeutic programs, virtual reality represents a highly specialized and effective tool for the prevention and treatment of stress and anxiety. However, the solutions developed using this technology for the management of stress and anxiety induced by the COVID-19 pandemic are still very limited, and none of these have been developed specifically for use with healthcare professionals. Therefore, this paper will detail the design and evaluation protocol of MIND-VR, a virtual reality-based psychoeducational experience on stress and anxiety developed following a user-centered design approach. The virtual experience will be tested on a sample of Italian hospital healthcare personnel involved in the COVID-19 pandemic emergency. MIND-VR is available free of charge, both in Italian and English, on the project website (https://mind-vr.com/).
Electron transfer reaction in the radiation chemistry of some biologically important disulphlde compounds

Abstract It is found that some biologically important organic disulphides behave in an unique way under gamma irradiation when they are added in small amounts to the well-known Fricke dosimetry solution. On irradiation, it is noted that addition of these organic solutes reduces the G(Fe+2 → Fe+3) yield instead of the usual increase found in the case of most other organic compounds. It is argued that these compounds behave as sacrificial radiation protective agents. The observation has been explained on the basis of an electron transfer reaction between the disulphides and OH radical. The resulting radical cations of these compounds then dissociate into non-chain propagating species. An attempt has been made to correlate the protective ability of such compounds towards (Fe+2 → Fe+3) system with their biological radiation Drotective abilities. The electron transfer mechanism also seems to operate into their radiation protective action towards biological systems.
Reversible Tau Phosphorylation Induced by Synthetic Torpor in the Spinal Cord of the Rat

Tau is a key protein in neurons, where it affects the dynamics of the microtubule system. The hyperphosphorylation of Tau (PP-Tau) commonly leads to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, as it occurs in tauopathies, a group of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's. Hypothermia-related accumulation of PP-Tau has been described in hibernators and during synthetic torpor (ST), a torpor-like condition that has been induced in rats, a non-hibernating species. Remarkably, in ST PP-Tau is reversible and Tau de-phosphorylates within a few hours following the torpor bout, apparently not evolving into pathology. These observations have been limited to the brain, but in animal models of tauopathies, PP-Tau accumulation also appears to occur in the spinal cord (SpCo). The aim of the present work was to assess whether ST leads to PP-Tau accumulation in the SpCo and whether this process is reversible. Immunofluorescence (IF) for AT8 (to assess PP-Tau) and Tau-1 (non-phosphorylated Tau) was carried out on SpCo coronal sections. AT8-IF was clearly expressed in the dorsal horns (DH) during ST, while in the ventral horns (VH) no staining was observed. The AT8-IF completely disappeared after 6 h from the return to euthermia. Tau-1-IF disappeared in both DH and VH during ST, returning to normal levels during recovery. To shed light on the cellular process underlying the PP-Tau pattern observed, the inhibited form of the glycogen-synthase kinase 3β (the main kinase acting on Tau) was assessed using IF: VH (i.e., in motor neurons) were highly stained mainly during ST, while in DH there was no staining. Since tauopathies are also related to neuroinflammation, microglia activation was also assessed through morphometric analyses, but no ST-induced microglia activation was found in the SpCo. Taken together, the present results show that, in the DH of SpCo, ST induces a reversible accumulation of PP-Tau. Since during ST there is no motor activity, the lack of AT8-IF in VH may result from an activity-related process at a cellular level. Thus, ST demonstrates a newly-described physiological mechanism that is able to resolve the accumulation of PP-Tau and apparently avoid the neurodegenerative outcome.
Factors Associated With Food Texture Acceptance in 4- to 36-Month-Old French Children: Findings From a Survey Study

Food texture plays an important role in food acceptance by young children, especially during the complementary feeding period. The factors driving infant acceptance of a variety of food textures are not well-known. This study summarizes maternal reports of children's ability to eat foods of different textures (here: acceptance) and associated factors. Mothers of 4- to 36-month-old children (n = 2,999) answered an online survey listing 188 food-texture combinations representing three texture levels: purees (T1), soft small pieces (T2), hard/large pieces, and double textures (T3). For each offered combination, they reported whether it was spat out or eaten with or without difficulty by the child. A global food texture acceptance score (TextAcc) was calculated for each child as an indicator of their ability to eat the offered textured foods. The results were computed by age class from 4–5 to 30–36 months. The ability to eat foods without difficulty increased with age and was ranked as follows: T1> T2 > T3 at all ages. TextAcc was positively associated with exposure to T2 (in the age classes between 6 and 18 months old) and T3 (6–29 months) and negatively associated with exposure to T1 (9–36 months). Children's developmental characteristics, as well as maternal feeding practices and feelings with regard to the introduction of solids, were associated with texture acceptance either directly or indirectly by modulating exposure. Children's ability to eat with their fingers, gagging frequency, and to a lesser extent, dentition as well as maternal feelings with regard to the introduction of solids were the major factors associated with acceptance. This survey provides a detailed description of the development of food texture acceptance over the complementary feeding period, confirms the importance of exposure to a variety of textures and identifies a number of additional person-related associated factors.
Survival Predictors of Heart Rate Variability After Myocardial Infarction With and Without Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Background Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) dynamics are used to predict the survival probability of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the association has been established in patients with mixed levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Objective We investigated whether the survival predictors of HRV and HR dynamics depend on LVEF after AMI. Methods We studied 687 post-AMI patients including 147 with LVEF ≤35% and 540 with LVEF >35%, of which 23 (16%) and 22 (4%) died during the 25 month follow-up period, respectively. None had an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator. From baseline 24 h ECG, the standard deviation (SDNN), root mean square of successive difference (rMSSD), percentage of successive difference >50 ms (pNN50) of normal-to-normal R-R interval, ultra-low (ULF), very-low (VLF), low (LF), and high (HF) frequency power, deceleration capacity (DC), short-term scaling exponent (α1), non-Gaussianity index (λ25s), and the amplitude of cyclic variation of HR (Acv) were calculated. Results The predictors were categorized into three clusters; DC, SDNN, α1, ULF, VLF, LF, and Acv as Cluster 1, λ25s independently as Cluster 2, and rMSSD, pNN50, and HF as Cluster 3. In univariate analyses, mortality was best predicted by indices belonging to Cluster 1 regardless of LVEF. In multivariate analyses, however, mortality in patients with low LVEF was best predicted by the combinations of Cluster 1 predictors or Cluster 1 and 3 predictors, whereas in patients without low LVEF, it was best predicted by the combinations of Cluster 1 and 2 predictors. Conclusion The mortality risk in post-AMI patients with low LVEF is predicted by indices reflecting decreased HRV or HR responsiveness and cardiac parasympathetic dysfunction, whereas in patients without low LVEF, the risk is predicted by a combination of indices that reflect decreased HRV or HR responsiveness and indicator that reflects abrupt large HR changes suggesting sympathetic involvement.
Preparation of supported hydrodesulfurization catalysts with enhanced performance using Mo-based inorganic–organic hybrid nanocrystals as a superior precursor

This article presents a novel strategy to prepare alumina-supported Mo and MoNi hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts using Mo-based inorganic–organic hybrid nanocrystals (HNCs) as a superior precursor under moderate hydrothermal conditions. The characterization results revealed that each HNC in the aqueous solution has a size of ca. 2.5 nm and shows a core–shell structure with one Mo8O264− as the inorganic core and long-chain quaternary ammonium cations as the organic shell. The proposed approach not only significantly promotes the dispersion of supported Mo species, but also greatly enhances the stacking of MoS2 active phase, endowing the resulting catalysts with sufficient and accessible Ni–Mo–S active sites and thereby with a remarkably enhanced HDS performance as compared to their counterparts prepared by the conventional impregnation method. Thereby, a novel precursor for preparing Mo-based catalysts was successfully developed and the roles of the HNC-derived preparation method in tuning the size and morphology of supported metal sulfide nanoparticles in HDS catalysts were demonstrated, shedding a light on the rational design and controllable fabrication of supported metal sulfide catalysts.
Predictive Values of Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression for Prognosis, Clinicopathological Factors, and Response to Programmed Cell Death-1/Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Inhibitors in Patients With Gynecological Cancers: A Meta-Analysis

Background The prognostic value of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in gynecological cancers has been explored previously, but the conclusion remains controversial due to limited evidence. This study aimed to conduct an updated meta-analysis to re-investigate the predictive significance of PD-L1 expression. Methods PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The associations between PD-L1 expression status and prognosis [overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) or disease-free survival (DFS)], clinical parameters [FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM), tumor size, infiltration depth, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) or grade] and response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment [objective response rate (ORR)] were analyzed by hazard ratios (HR) or relative risks (RR). Results Fifty-five studies were enrolled. Overall, high PD-L1 expression was not significantly associated with OS, PFS, RFS, CSS and DFS of gynecological cancers. However, subgroup analysis of studies with reported HR (HR = 1.27) and a cut-off value of 5% (HR = 2.10) suggested that high PD-L1 expression was correlated with a shorter OS of gynecological cancer patients. Further sub-subgroup analysis revealed that high PD-L1 expressed on tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) predicted a favorable OS for ovarian (HR = 0.72), but a poor OS for cervical cancer (HR = 3.44). PD-L1 overexpression was also correlated with a lower OS rate in non-Asian endometrial cancer (HR = 1.60). High level of PD-L1 was only clinically correlated with a shorter PFS in Asian endometrial cancer (HR = 1.59). Furthermore, PD-L1-positivity was correlated with LNM (for overall, ovarian and endometrial cancer expressed on tumor cells), advanced FIGO stage (for overall, ovarian cancer expressed on tumor cells, endometrial cancer expressed on tumor cells and TICs), LVSI (for overall and endometrial cancer expressed on tumor cells and TICs), and increasing infiltration depth/high grade (only for endometrial cancer expressed on TICs). Patients with PD-L1-positivity may obtain more benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment than the negative group, showing a higher ORR (RR = 1.98), longer OS (HR = 0.34) and PFS (HR = 0.61). Conclusion Our findings suggest high PD-L1 expression may be a suitable biomarker for predicting the clinical outcomes in patients with gynecological cancers.