Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suitability Study of Using UAVs to Estimate Landfilled Fly Ash Stockpile

The decrease in fly ash production due to the shift in coal industries toward a green environment has impacted many concrete industries as fly ash is a significant component in cement and concrete. It is critical for concrete industries to identify the availability of fly ash in landfills to meet their demand if the supply decreases. This paper aims to analyze the suitability of UAVs in determining the fly ash stockpile volumes. A laboratory test is performed to validate the proposed UAV method. Then, a real quarry site is selected to demonstrate the suitability in a large scale. The results indicate that the UAVs estimate the most accurate volume of the stockpile when the flight height is about five times the stockpile height. A considerable range of 3.5–5 times the stockpile height is most suitable for quantity takeoff. The findings of this study provide a recommendation for choosing the most appropriate technology for the quantitative estimation of fly ash in existing landfills on a large scale.
Systemic Antifungal Therapy for Invasive Pulmonary Infections

Antifungal therapy for pulmonary fungal diseases is in a state of flux. Amphotericin B, the time-honored standard of care for many years, has been replaced by agents demonstrating superior efficacy and safety, including extended-spectrum triazoles and liposomal amphotericin B. Voriconazole, which became the treatment of choice for most pulmonary mold diseases, has been compared with posaconazole and itraconazole, both of which have shown clinical efficacy similar to that of voriconazole, with fewer adverse events. With the worldwide expansion of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus and infections with intrinsically resistant non-Aspergillus molds, the need for newer antifungals with novel mechanisms of action becomes ever more pressing.
Mechanisms of microhole formation on glasses by an abrasive slurry jet

Abrasive jet micromachining is considered as a promising precision processing technology for brittle materials such as silicon substrates and glasses that are increasingly used in various applications. In this paper, the mechanisms of microhole formation on brittle glasses by an abrasive slurry jet are studied based on the viscous flow and erosion theories. It is shown that the hole cross section is characterized by a “W” shape and can be classified into three zones caused, respectively, by jet direct impact, viscous flow, and turbulent flow induced erosion. An analysis of the surface morphology shows that ductile-mode erosion is dominant. The effect of process parameters on material removal is studied which shows that increasing the pressure and erosion time increases the hole depth, but has little effect on the hole diameter.
Building blocks of polycentric governance

Success or failure of a polycentric system is a function of complex political and social processes, such as coordination between actors and venues to solve specialized policy problems. Yet there is currently no accepted method for isolating distinct processes of coordination, nor to understand how their variance affects polycentric governance performance. We develop and test a building-blocks approach that uses different patterns or “motifs” for measuring and comparing coordination longitudinally on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Our approach confirms that polycentric governance comprises an evolving substrate of interdependent venues and actors over time. However, while issue specialization and actor participation can be improved through the mobilization of venues, such a strategy can also fragment overall polycentric capacity to resolve conflict and adapt to new problems. A building-blocks approach advances understanding and practice of polycentric governance by enabling sharper diagnosis of internal dynamics in complex environmental governance systems.
Vector magnetic field map at the photospheric level below and around a solar filament (neutral line)

We present a vector magnetic field map obtained on 7 December 2003, below and around a filament located not so far from the active region NOAA 517, whose one spot is also found on the map of 240 × 340 arcsec. This region was itself located near the disk center, so that the longitudinal (resp. transverse) field is nearly the vertical (resp. horizontal) one. The THEMIS telescope was used in its spectropolarimetric multiline mode MTR ("MulTiRaies"). The noise level is 5−10 Gauss in the longitudinal field and 50−100 Gauss in the transverse field, while the pixel size is 0.45 arcsec. Fundamental ambiguity is not solved, and the atmosphere is assumed to be homogeneous. The magnetic field derivation method described in this paper was validated on eight test points submitted to the UNNOFIT inversion code, and the results are found in agreement within 14% discrepancy. Two main results appear on the map: (i) a strong spatial correlation between the longitudinal and transverse field resulting in an inclined field vector (making a most probable angle of 60 ◦ or 120 ◦ with the line-of-sight in the filament region); and (ii) homogeneity of the field direction (inclination and azimuth) in the filament region. Parasitic polarities were also detected: first those located at the filament feet, as theoretically expected, on the one hand; and then weak opposite polarity regular patterns that appear between the network field (strong field at the frontiers of supergranules), on the other. The exact superimposition of the magnetic field map derived from the Fe  6302.5 A line and of the Hα map, which enabled association of the parasitic polarities with the filament feet, was possible because these two maps were simultaneously obtained, thanks to a unique facility available in the multiline mode of THEMIS.
Omicron Waves in Argentina: Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages BA.1, BA.2 and the Emerging BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5

The COVID-19 pandemic has lately been driven by Omicron. This work aimed to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages during the third and fourth waves of COVID-19 in Argentina. Molecular surveillance was performed on 3431 samples from Argentina, between EW44/2021 and EW31/2022. Sequencing, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses were performed. A differential dynamic between the Omicron waves was found. The third wave was associated with lineage BA.1, characterized by a high number of cases, very fast displacement of Delta, doubling times of 3.3 days and a low level of lineage diversity and clustering. In contrast, the fourth wave was longer but associated with a lower number of cases, initially caused by BA.2, and later by BA.4/BA.5, with doubling times of about 10 days. Several BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 sublineages and introductions were detected, although very few clusters with a constrained geographical distribution were observed, suggesting limited transmission chains. The differential dynamic could be due to waning immunity and an increase in population gatherings in the BA.1 wave, and a boosted population (for vaccination or recent prior immunity for BA.1 infection) in the wave caused by BA2/BA.4/BA.5, which may have limited the establishment of the new lineages.
Fear of Missing Out, Emotional Intelligence and Attachment in Older Adults in Argentina

In recent years, the rise of social networks has changed relationships and lifestyles around the world. This has led to the emergence of the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which consists of the need to constantly check social media and the anguish that comes from feeling a lack of rewarding experiences. The impact derived from the use of technologies in a digital environment has been widely studied in young people but not so much in older adults. The main aim of this study was to analyze FoMO levels in older adults and their relationships with sociodemographic and formative factors. Another aim of this study was to analyze whether the dimensions of emotional intelligence, the different forms of attachment and psychological symptomatology affect the FoMO levels of older adults. A total of 690 older adults from Argentina aged between 60 and 90 years (M = 69.01; SD = 5.48) participated, 54.5% of whom were women, responding using a geolocated online questionnaire. The main results confirmed that older people show FoMO levels similar to other general samples. In addition, results show several predictor variables with respect to FoMO: emotional attention, insecure attachment, depression and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. The implications of the results observed in older adults are discussed.
Reading Alterations in Parkinson's Disease Indicate Worse Cognitive Status

Reading difficulties are commonly reported in Parkinson's disease (PD). So far, only a few studies have assessed reading in PD, most of them confirming a different pattern in patients compared with healthy populations. Impaired oculomotor control is an early feature of PD. Cognitive deficits, on the other hand, may appear early, but they are most prominent at later stages. Although these two factors are thought to be responsible for the alterations in reading performance, it is unclear how each factor contributes to them.
Hecate: AI-driven WAN Traffic Engineering for Science

Science network traffic, captured from experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider, are significantly different than general internet traffic in data size, complexity and performance requirements. To deal with this complexity, Research & Education networks (R&E) like ESnet are specifically designed to carry science traffic across the world to other R&E networks, laboratories, and experiments. Designing optimum network topologies, where traffic flow is always efficient with minimal congestion points is imperative to guarantee successful science experimentations. In ESnet, we see a large percentage of long-running flows, mixed in with deadline-driven flows and remote analysis, which makes traffic engineering (TE) particularly challenging. In this paper, we divert from traditional TE approaches and use AI to improve real-time traffic path control such to improve flow quality and network performance proposing a deployable solution, Hecate. Hecate performs a two-stage optimization process, first learning traffic profiles and network health data to predict future statistics, and second, by leveraging deep reinforcement learning to optimize path routing over many optimization objectives. Hecate is designed to optimize network utilization and performance to reduce network hotspots over an operational network.
Ideas for macroeconomic surveillance: a comparative text analysis of country reports by global and regional financial organizations

Abstract Institutional proliferation in the global financial order raises concerns about a failure of coordination between global and regional organizations and the resulting confusion and conflict. One area of concern is macroeconomic surveillance, which is crucial for the detection of financial crises as a task subject to institutional overlaps. The existing literature does not provide systematic evidence on the extent and determinants of such coordination. To fill this lacuna, we compare the International Monetary Fund and the ASEAN Plus Three Macroeconomic Research Office, a surveillance agency in East Asia, using their country reports as outcomes of their surveillance of East Asian countries. We conduct dictionary-based text analyses to assess the usage patterns of key terms concerning particular economic ideas. The results demonstrate substantial similarities between the country reports as well as some residual differences. These findings suggest that they engage in informal coordination based on focal-point effects through the use of general and regional economic ideas for multifaceted surveillance. They further suggest that informality permits them to exercise discretion in deciding policy categories for aligned and autonomous actions, thereby providing an efficient solution to an autonomy–coordination dilemma. Through these discussions, our study suggests important implications for researchers and member governments.
Fabry-Perot observations of the ionized gas in the spiral galaxy NGC 6951

We present two dimensional kinematic observations at high angular and velocity resolution measured via the H emission line in the active barred spiral NGC 6951, obtained using the TAURUS II Fabry-Perot system on the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope. From the radial velocity map we produced the rotation curve, which has a rapidly rising inner portion, and then remains remarkably flat to large radii. Subtracting a two-dimensional projected model of this rotation from the observed map yields a residual velocity map which shows signicant non-circular motions, above all in the circumnuclear zone, where they reach projected values of 45 km s 1 . T he kinematic and morphological properties of this zone, a narrow well-dened annular region, point to inflow of gas resulting from perturbation in the stream-lined gas flow due to the bar, as predicted in dynamical models. The overall gas kinematics leads us to infer the presence of an inner disc within the main galactic disc, whose presence is marked by two inner Lindblad resonances at 180 pc and 900 pc from the centre respectively. Our map of the H velocity dispersion shows characteristic values of 20 km s 1 for the Hii regions, and an obvious correlation between higher values and the brightest Hii regions. The value rises to >100 km s 1 as the nucleus is approached.
A numerical study of pressure fluctuations in three‐dimensional, incompressible, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence

Pressure fluctuations in incompressible turbulence are studied by direct numerical simulations of the three‐dimensional (3‐D) Navier–Stokes equations. The pressure probability distribution function (PDF) is shown to have an exponential tail on the negative side, and to be independent of the Reynolds number for Reλ≲60. At higher Reynolds numbers, the low pressure part of the pressure PDF becomes super exponential. The joint PDFs of strain, vorticity, and pressure (considered pairwise) show a strong dissymmetry between positive and negative pressure fluctuations. The results obtained from the numerical solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations are compared with a Gaussian velocity field. The two statistical ensembles are shown to lead to quantitatively different results.
Environmental factors affecting fear of crime among young women on streets in Seoul

ABSTRACT In modern society, the fear of crime and actual criminal activities influences the quality of daily life. Individuals vulnerable to crime are more impacted by its fear than its potential direct damage. This study aims to determine the factors affecting the fear of crime, experienced by women in open public spaces, which city dwellers use every day. We visited a specific area to survey the points, reasons, and intensity of this fear in 195 female pedestrians belonging to the age group of 20–29. After the data collection on factors influencing fear of crime (human factors, crime prevention facilities, and spatial structural factors), the effect of each element was analyzed. Through a step-by-step regression analysis, “human factors” and “crime prevention facilities” were found to largely influence the fear of crime in women. This study subdivided the demographic characteristics affecting the frequency and intensity of the fear of criminality. Thus, the study is expected to be used as a basis for instituting policies to reduce the fear of crime in women.
Dynamics and Energy Balance of the Hadley Circulation and the Tropical Precipitation Zones: Significance of the Distribution of Evaporation

Abstract A series of numerical experiments is performed using a general circulation model with an idealistic ocean-covered boundary condition. The meridional structure of the Hadley circulation system, which is a combined structure of the Hadley circulation and the tropical precipitation zone, is examined from the standpoints of the water vapor and the energy budgets. Although the prescribed SST distribution has a broad peak centered at the equator, the distribution of the precipitation has two peaks straddling the equator. The distribution of the evaporation rate is revealed to be an important factor in the formation of this structure. The evaporation rate is smaller near the equator than in the subtropics because of its dependence upon the wind speed. If this dependence is removed from the parameterization of the evaporation, the latitudinal distribution of evaporation becomes flat and the precipitation concentrates at the equator to form a single band structure. Qualitatively similar results are obtain.
Patients’ Evaluation of Causes of Hospital Food Waste in Surgical Wards

Background: The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) defines food waste as food fit for human consumption that is thrown away, whether it has been held over its expiration date or has been allowed to expire. Food waste has drawn a lot of attention recently and is increasingly recognized as the root of a number of detrimental repercussions, including problems with health, the economy, society, and the environment. Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the causes of hospital food waste in surgical wards as mentioned by patients. Patients and methods: Design: A descriptive exploratory research design was used. Setting: The study was carried out in surgical wards of two hospitals, AL-Hussein and Bab-ELSharia University Hospitals, Egypt. Subjects: A convenient sample of 161 adult patients from both genders who agreed to participate in the study. Tools: Three tools were used to collect data; Patients personal data, Rate of food waste questionnaire and Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ACHFPSQ). Results: The participants’ ages ranged between <30and 75 years, 44.1% of them had appetite worse than normal in the hospital and 42.2% said that they had less than usual intake of food in the hospital. About 30.4% of the studied patients said that the hospital food rarely has been as good as they expected, and 31.7% of them said that they never be able to choose a healthy meal in hospital. Conclusion: The research provides a helpful foundation for understanding the meals that patients throw away. The findings reveal a concerning amount of food waste that calls for a determined action by hospital officials. The repercussions of this waste may not only have negative effects on the economy or the environment, but also adverse effects on patients' indirect health. Create a customized, flexible meal reservation procedure based on patient's unique needs, tastes, and dietary requirements raise the quality of the meal.
Hypnotizability and Disordered Personality Styles in Cluster A Personality Disorders

Aim: Interpersonal sensitivity and mistrust are the main characteristics of cluster A personality disorders (CAPD) which might be due to the high accessibility to negative suggestions from environments. Yet the exact associations between hypnotic suggestibility and their personality disorder functioning styles remain unclear. Methods: We invited 36 patients with CAPD and 115 healthy volunteers to undergo the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form C (SHSS:C) and Parker Personality Measure (PERM). Results: Compared to controls; patients scored higher on PERM paranoid; schizoid; schizotypal; borderline; avoidant; and dependent styles; on the SHSS:C total and “challenge suggestions”, and the passing rates of “hand lowering”, “arm rigidity”, “dream”, and “arm immobilization”. In patients, “dream” negatively predicted the schizoid; “hallucinated voice” negatively the schizotypal; “mosquito hallucination” positively the histrionic and dependent; and “arm immobilization” negatively the avoidant style. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the insusceptibility to perceptual suggestions from others and the high control over body contribute to the paranoid attitude and interpersonal avoidance in CAPD. These findings help to understand the cause of interpersonal problems in these patients and suggest the trial of hypnotherapy for them.
Novel Green Crosslinked Salecan Hydrogels and Preliminary Investigation of Their Use in 3D Printing

Salecan, a kind of polysaccharide, is produced by the Agrobacterium ZX09 salt tolerant strain. In this study, green crosslinked citric acid-salecan hydrogels are explored as novel materials with a high potential for use in regenerative medicine. The impact of salecan and citric acid on the final crosslinked hydrogels was intensively studied and estimated in terms of the whole physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity. FTIR spectra demonstrated the successful green crosslinking of salecan through its esterification with citric acid where the formation of strong covalent bonds collaboratively helped to stabilize the entire hydrogel systems in a wet state. Hydrogels presented a microporous morphology, good swelling capacity, pH responsiveness, great mechanical stability under stress conditions and good antibacterial activity, all related to the concentration of the biopolymers used in the synthesis step. Additionally, salecan hydrogels were preliminary investigated as printing inks. Thanks to their excellent rheological behavior, we optimized the citrate-salecan hydrogel inks and printing parameters to render 3D constructs with great printing fidelity and integrity. The novel synthesized salecan green crosslinked hydrogels enriches the family of salecan-derived hydrogels. Moreover, this work not only expands the application of salecan hydrogels in various fields, but also provides a new potential option of designing salecan-based 3D printed scaffolds for customized regenerative medicine.
Annual cycle of mesozooplankton at the coastal waters of Cyprus (Eastern Levantine basin)

Abstract This study is the first to explore monthly and seasonal succession of the zooplankton community in coastal waters of Cyprus using a 12-month period time series. A total of 192 taxa of mesozooplankton (MZ), 145 of which were copepods, were identified at three sites at the southern and one site at the northern coasts of the island. Zooplankton distribution and community structure were influenced mostly by stratification, temperature and Chl-a. The combination of upwelling and advection from the Rhodes Gyre during summer, causing cooler waters in the southern coast of Cyprus, seems to control the food supply and offered favorable feeding conditions to zooplankton, enhancing their numbers. The proximity to a fish farm also positively affected MZ abundance and biomass. This study also revealed the importance of smaller species (e.g. Clausocalanus paululus) and juvenile stages (e.g. Clausocalanus, Oithona and Corycaeus spp.) in composition, structure and functionality of the copepod community. These species seems to be more important in low Chl-a environments, where the relative size of primary consumers is expected to be smaller and the microbial components dominant. This baseline study paves the way for further investigation of the elements of marine food webs in the ultra-oligotrophic environment of the Eastern Mediterranean.