Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Horizontal and Vertical Defect Management with a Novel Degradable Pure Magnesium Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) Membrane—A Clinical Case

Background and objectives: In guided bone regeneration (GBR), large defects comprising both horizontal and vertical components usually require additional mechanical support to stabilize the augmentation and preserve the bone volume. This additional support is usually attained by using non-resorbable materials. A recently developed magnesium membrane presents the possibility of providing mechanical support whilst being completely resorbable. The aim of this case report was to describe the application and outcome of the magnesium membrane in combination with a collagen pericardium membrane for GBR. Materials and methods: A 74 year old, in an otherwise good general health condition, was presented with stage 2 grade A periodontitis and an impacted canine. After extraction of the impacted canine, a defect was created with both vertical and horizontal components. The defect was augmented using the magnesium membrane to create a supportive arch to the underlying bone graft and a collagen pericardium membrane was placed on top to aid with the soft tissue closure. Results: Upon reentry at 8 months, complete resorption of the magnesium devices was confirmed as there were no visible remnants remaining. A successful augmentation outcome had been achieved as the magnesium membrane in combination with the collagen membrane had maintained the augmented bone well. Two dental implants could be successfully placed in the healed augmentation. Conclusions: In this case, the magnesium membrane in combination with a collagen pericardium membrane presented a potentially viable alternative treatment to titanium meshes or titanium-reinforced membranes for the augmentation of a defect with both horizontal and vertical components that is completely resorbable. It was demonstrated that it is possible to attain a good quality and quantity of bone using a resorbable system that has been completely resorbed by the time of reentry.
Explosive volcanic eruptions — IV. The control of magma properties and conduit geometry on eruption column behaviour

Summary Plinian air-fall deposits and ignimbrites are the principal products of explosive eruptions of high viscosity magma. In this paper, the flow of gas/pyroclast dispersions and high viscosity magma through various magma chamber/conduit/vent geometries is considered. It is argued that after the first few minutes of an eruption magma fragmentation occurs at a shallow depth within the conduit system. Gas pressures at the fragmentation level are related to exsolved gas contents by consideration of the exsolution mechanism. The sizes of blocks found near vents imply that gas velocities of 200 to 600 m s−1 commonly occur. These velocities are greater than the effective speed of sound in an erupting mixture (90-200 m s−1) and the transition from subsonic to supersonic flow is identified as occurring at the depth at which the conduit has its minimum diameter. The range of values of this minimum diameter (∼ 5 to ∼ 100 m) is estimated from observed and theoretically deduced mass-eruption rates. The energy and continuity equations are solved, taking account of friction effects, for numerous geometries during the evolution, by wall erosion, of a conduit. Conduit erosion ceases, near the surface, when an exit pressure of one atmosphere is reached. Eruption velocities are found to depend strongly on exsolved magma gas content and weakly on radius of conduit and friction effects. Assuming water as the main volatile phase, velocities of 400-600 m s−1 for plinian events imply magma water contents of 3-6 per cent by weight. Three scenarios are presented of eruptions in which: (1) conduit radius increases but gas content remains constant; (2) conduit radius increases and gas content decreases with time; and (3) conduit radius remains fixed and gas content decreases. These models demonstrate that the reverse grading commonly observed in plinian air-fall deposits is primarily a consequence of conduit erosion, which always results in increasing eruption intensity and eruption column height with time. The models also show that a decrease in gas content as deeper levels in a magma chamber are tapped or an increasing vent radius as conduit walls are eroded leads to the prediction of a progression from air-fall activity through ignimbrite formation to cessation of eruption and caldera collapse.
Gondwana-derived terranes in the northern Hellenides

The Hellenides constitute an integral part of the Alpine orogenic system in southeast Europe. Despite the recognition of several subparallel zones, which are interpreted as terranes separated by ophiolitic sutures (e.g., Pindos and Vardar sutures), the classical view of an orogen with a foreland fold-and-thrust belt, a central crystalline zone, and a rather undeformed hinterland is still under discussion. This paper concentrates on basement terranes of exotic provenance in two of the internal zones of the Hellenides that support the interpretation of the Hellenides as an accretionary orogen formed by amalgamation of crustal segments during the subduction of Tethyan oceanic basins. The oldest of these terranes, the Florina terrane in the Pelagonian zone, is composed of Neoproterozoic arc-related orthogneisses. Two other exotic terranes occur east of the Vardar zone within the Serbo-Macedonian Massif. The Pirgadikia terrane is a microterrane in the southern Chalkidiki Peninsula that consists of PanAfrican mylonitic orthogneisses with volcanic arc–related trace-element geochemistry and Sr isotopic composition. The Vertiskos terrane occupies the northwestern part of the Serbo-Macedonian Massif and is primarily composed of coarse-grained, volcanic arc–related peraluminous orthogneisses of Silurian age. These terranes are exotic in relation to the other parts of the Hellenides. The provenance of the late Proterozoic Pan-African Florina and Pirgadikia terranes is assumed to be Gondwanan, whereas the Silurian Vertiskos terrane may have been part of the so-called Hun terrane, which formed at the northern active continental margin of Gondwana in the early Paleozoic.
Chemomechanical model of sperm locomotion reveals two modes of swimming

The propulsion of mammalian spermatozoa relies on the spontaneous periodic oscillation of their ﬂagella. These oscillations are driven internally by the coordinated action of ATP-powered dynein motors that exert sliding forces between microtubule doublets, resulting in bending waves that propagate along the ﬂagellum and enable locomotion. We present an integrated chemomechanical model of a freely swimming spermatozoon that uses a sliding-control model of the axoneme capturing the two-way feedback between motor kinetics and elastic deformations while accounting for detailed ﬂuid mechanics around the moving cell. We develop a robust computational framework that solves a boundary integral equation for the passive sperm head alongside the slender-body equation for the deforming ﬂagellum described as a geometrically nonlinear internally actuated Euler-Bernoulli beam, and captures full hydrodynamic interactions. Nonlinear simulations are shown to produce spontaneous oscillations with realistic beating patterns and trajectories, which we analyze as a function of sperm number and motor activity. Our results indicate that the swimming velocity does not vary monotonically with dynein activity, but instead displays two maxima corresponding to distinct modes of swimming, each characterized by qualitatively different wave forms and trajectories. Our model also provides an estimate for the efﬁciency of swimming, which peaks at low sperm number.
Can Dual Infrared–Visual Thermography Provide a More Reliable Diagnosis of Perforator Veins and Reflux Severity?

The accurate identification of perforator veins (PV) in asymptomatic veins that do not meet the criteria established by venous Doppler (VD) is a complex challenge, considered the gold standard in diagnosis, and is operator-dependent. This study explored the potential of dual infrared–visual thermography (IRVT) to identify PV in 99 patients aged 29 to 80 years. IRVT was conducted using a high-definition hyperspectral visual–infrared sensor. The temperature difference (ΔT) between maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin) within the region of interest (ROI) served as an indicator for assessing vascular dysfunction severity. Comparative analysis was performed with VD results obtained using a Doppler ultrasound unit equipped with a 7.5 MHz linear transducer. Significant statistical differences (p < 0.05) in ΔT (Tmax−Tmin) were observed among PV sites categorized by reflux severity: no reflux (ΔT = 1.2 °C), mild reflux (ΔT = 1.8 °C), moderate reflux (ΔT = 2.9 °C), and severe reflux (ΔT = 3.6 °C). This study concludes that IRVT effectively distinguishes varying degrees of vascular reflux severity. IRVT shows promise as a non-invasive, radiation-free tool to enhance PV identification, especially in challenging cases, potentially improving patient outcomes and healthcare management. Further research is required to validate and refine its diagnostic utility.
Exploring the Influence of Cultural Intelligence on the Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Chinese Expatriate Workers: A Phenomenological Analysis

This study delves into the experiences of a small section of Chinese expatriate workers in the UAE, investigating the roles of Guanxi and cultural acclimatisation as critical adjustment factors. Using a phenomenological technique, we explore the influence of cultural intelligence on the cross-cultural adaptation of workers in the construction sector. As part of a more extensive study, the initial findings suggest that Chinese migrants resort to reconnecting with their families back home to mitigate the linguistic and cultural challenges faced whilst abroad. At the same time, feelings of isolation and loneliness were dealt with through recreational activities and building social capital.
Early Survival and Growth of Six Afforestation Species on Abandoned Cropping Sites in Irrigated Drylands of the Aral Sea Basin

Afforestation is known as a low-input measure to rehabilitate marginalized irrigated croplands with a shallow, saline groundwater table. This study assessed the potential of extending afforestation to sites long-term abandoned from cropping in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River, Central Asia. Tree survival and establishment were monitored during two growing seasons following afforestation with six tree species at two abandoned cropping sites. The sites, characterized by soil salinity and different depth to the groundwater table, received deficit irrigation of 154 mm yr−1. Afforestation was feasible with Elaeagnus angustifolia, Ulmus pumila, Morus alba, and Populus nivea x tremula given their survival rates of 75–91% on both sites after two years. N2-fixing E. angustifolia was assessed as most promising among all species evidenced by highest survival and largest above-ground biomass increment (up to 904 kg ha−1 yr−1). The principal species of the native floodplain forest, Populus euphratica and Salix nigra, failed to establish, showing survival rates <19%. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed differences in tree survival between the sites, indicating the necessity of a site-specific evaluation of the afforestation species. Both current plant-available water and soil salinity in the root zone significantly affected tree survival, with distinct differences in the stress tolerance among the species. Afforesting long-term abandoned cropland is associated with higher risks and lower outputs than tree planting in marginal agricultural areas, implying the necessity of a site-dependent evaluation including cost-benefit analyses of afforestation as opposed to natural re-vegetation of abandoned sites.
Recent progress in MnBi2nTe3n+1 intrinsic magnetic topological insulators: crystal growth, magnetism and chemical disorder

ABSTRACT The search for magnetic topological materials has been at the forefront of condensed matter research for their potential to host exotic states such as axion insulators, magnetic Weyl semimetals, Chern insulators, etc. To date, the MnBi2nTe3n+1 family is the only group of materials showcasing van der Waals-layered structures, intrinsic magnetism and non-trivial band topology without trivial bands at the Fermi level. The interplay between magnetism and band topology in this family has led to the proposal of various topological phenomena, including the quantum anomalous Hall effect, quantum spin Hall effect and quantum magnetoelectric effect. Among these, the quantum anomalous Hall effect has been experimentally observed at record-high temperatures, highlighting the unprecedented potential of this family of materials in fundamental science and technological innovation. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress in this intrinsic magnetic topological insulator family, with a focus on single-crystal growth, characterization of chemical disorder, manipulation of magnetism through chemical substitution and external pressure, and important questions that remain to be conclusively answered.
British HIV Association guidelines on the management of opportunistic infection in people living with HIV: The clinical investigation and management of pyrexia of unknown origin 2023

AFB, acid-fast bacilli; ANA, anti-nuclear antibody; ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; CK, creatine kinase; CMV, cytomegalovirus; CNS, central nervous system; CrAg, cryptococcal antigen; CRP, C-reactive protein; CT, computed tomography; EBV, Epstein – Barr virus, ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FBC, full blood count; HHV8, human herpes virus 8; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LFT, liver function test; LP, lumbar puncture; MC&S, microscopy, culture and sensitivity; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RDT, rapid diagnostic test; RhF, rheumatoid factor; TTE, trans-thoracic echocardiogram.
Steady plumes in viscously stratified, vigorously convecting, three‐dimensional numerical mantle convection models with mobile plates

We present results from three‐dimensional (3‐D) Cartesian geometry computations featuring vigorous (high Rayleigh number) mantle convection in a system incorporating stiff tectonic plates with dynamically determined, time‐dependent velocities. We track plume‐related hot spot motion while calculating associated synthetic hot spot tracks, allowing us to estimate plume migration rates relative to plate motion rates. Plate‐like surface motion is achieved explicitly by specifying both the plate geometry and rigidity; however, plate velocities evolve dynamically in response to the buoyancy distribution within the convecting system, including buoyancy within the plate itself. We find that convection is characterized by downwelling sheets and varying numbers of 3‐D upwelling structures when the lower mantle to upper mantle viscosity ratio is varied from 9 to 90. As the lower mantle viscosity is increased relative to the upper mantle viscosity, the upwellings in the calculations evolve into vigorous (active) plumes characterized by long, narrow, thermal conduits with broad, disk‐like heads. The total number, shape, and persistence of the plumes are affected by the specified viscosity stratification in the calculations. Our findings indicate that hot spots associated with mantle plumes drift by smaller distances in comparable amounts of time when the lower mantle viscosity is increased relative to the upper mantle viscosity. In cases with a high lower mantle to upper mantle viscosity ratio, the depth of the flow aligned with plate motion is diminished and the plate‐scale return flow is integrated into a deep, unorganized, sluggish layer. As a result, plume conduit morphology in the lower mantle of such calculations is less influenced by plate motion than in calculations with a small difference between upper mantle and lower mantle viscosity. For lower mantle viscosities 30 times and 90 times greater than the upper mantle viscosity, the lower mantle velocity field is dominated locally by active plumes anchored in the lower thermal boundary layer of the convecting system and plume migration rates are typically only about 10% of the overriding plate velocity. In such cases, we also find that plume‐related hot spots persist for periods that we estimate to be between 0.55 and 1.1 plume‐transit times.
Green Innovation, Carbon Storage and Perceived environmental quality in Lagos State University, Nigeria

A sustainable university has been defined as a higher educational institution that addresses, involves and promotes the minimization of negative environmental, economic, societal, and health effects generated in the use of their resources in order to fulfil its functions of teaching, research, outreach and partnership, and stewardship in ways to help society make the transition to sustainable lifestyles. Earlier studies on green innovations have basically centered on the environmental benefits and were purely descriptive in nature. Several others examined the effect of green innovation on soil organic carbon by comparing street trees of species. The present study would contribute to literature using a mixed research approach to empirically investigate the contributions of green innovation on carbon storage and perceived environmental quality in Lagos State University, Nigeria. Data for the study were obtained by collecting 100 surface (0 – 15cm) soil samples with the aid of a soil auger under campus trees, grasses, ornamental trees and vegetables (Amaranthus and green vegetable farms) across different land uses on campus. Also, data on green characteristics (tree height, tree size, canopy cover, density of herbs, basal cover and herbaceous cover) were measured using different ecological procedures, while 655 questionnaire copies were administered to staff and students to ascertain their perceived environmental quality of green innovation. Data obtained were analyzed using averages, simple percentages, One-Way Analysis of Variance, multiple regression analysis and principal components analysis. The results obtained showed that carbon storage significantly varied among the green innovation components with canopy cover contributing over 55% of carbon storage. The study revealed that canopy cover and tree size substantially contributed in carbon storage with canopy cover being more effective. PCA result identified beautification of LASU (19.8%), flood control (18.8%), promotion of urban ecology (15.8%) and improvement in air quality (9.5%) as the principal dimensions or perceived environmental quality of green innovation. The result further showed that green innovation characteristics have significant relationship with carbon storage. The study shows the importance of campus tree in carbon reduction and recommends the need for universities to give necessary recognition and incorporate these green components in physical planning.
Is perceived value enough to create loyalty for m-wallets? Exploring the role of trust and satisfaction

Abstract This study explores the role of perceived customer value and loyalty relationships in mobile wallet (M-wallet). The study further investigates trust and satisfaction as drivers of loyalty and examines the role of trust in the traditional value-satisfaction-loyalty relationship. A total of 214 responses from M-wallet users were captured using a structured questionnaire in a cross-sectional survey design. The data collected was analyzed with the help of structural equation modeling. Trust and satisfaction in M-wallet are both found to be mediating the perceived customer value and loyalty relationship. Furthermore, results also confirm the sequential mediation impact of trust and satisfaction between the perceived customer value and loyalty relationship. The findings help practitioners in tailoring their customer relationship strategies to promote M-wallet loyalty. Finally, this study recommends that managers should emphasize leveraging trust and satisfaction to shape loyalty in addition to customer value. They should focus on initiatives to win trust, satisfy the customers, and enhance long-term customer relationships.
The Effect of Germination and Fermentation on the Physicochemical, Nutritional, and Functional Quality Attributes of Samh Seeds

This study investigated the effects of fermentation and germination on the physicochemical, nutritional, functional, and bioactive quality attributes of samh seeds. Regardless of the processing treatment, samh seeds were found to be a rich source of phenolic compounds, namely gallic acid (79.6–96.36 mg/100 g DW), catechol (56.34–77.34 mg/100 g DW), and catechin (49.15–84.93 mg/100 g DW), and they possessed high DPPH antiradical activity (65.27–78.39%). They also contained high protein content (19.29–20.41%), essential amino acids content (39.07–44.16% of total amino acids), and unsaturated fatty acid content (81.95–83.46% of total fatty acids) and a low glycemic index (39.61–41.43). Fermentation and germination increased L*, b*, foaming capacity, oil absorption capacity (OAC), water absorption capacity (WAC), swelling power, microbial counts, antioxidant activity, total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), in vitro protein digestibility, protein efficiency ratio, and total essential amino acids and reduced water solubility, emulsion stability, tannin, and phytate contents compared to raw samh seeds (p < 0.05). The highest levels of pH, ash, carbohydrate, fiber, and glycemic index were observed in raw samh seeds, and both germination and fermentation processes reduced these attributes to various degrees (p < 0.05). Germination increased the redness (a*), moisture content, essential and non-essential amino acids, potassium, zinc, phosphorous, stearic acid, and oleic and unsaturated fatty acids and reduced total solids, fat content, iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sodium, palmitic acid, and total saturated fatty acids of the samh seeds compared to the raw ones. Fermentation increased the total solid, acidity, fat, protein, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorous, iron, zinc, palmitic acid, and total saturated fatty acids and reduced the a* value, moisture, non-essential amino acids, and total unsaturated fatty acids of the samh seeds compared to the raw ones. In conclusion, samh seeds are a rich source of nutrients that could generally be enhanced by germination and fermentation processes. The reported information facilitates strategies towards the application of these underutilized seeds in foods.