Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants Capital Structure of Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the determinants of capital structure. The independent variables in this study are corporate taxes, company size, tangible assets, corporate risk, profitability, non-debt tax protection, and liquidity. While the dependent variable is short-term debt, long-term debt, and total debt. The sample of this study uses 61 Small and Medium Enterprises companies listed on the Pefindo Index for the period of 2019-2021. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling and the analysis method uses panel data regression. The results explained that corporate taxes, tangible assets, and non-debt tax shields do not affect capital structure. Company size does not affect short-term debt and total debt. However, it has a significant negative effect on long-term debt. Company risk and liquidity significantly negatively affect short-term debt and total debt. However, it does not affect long-term debt. Profitability has a significant positive effect on short-term debt and a significant negative effect on long-term debt. The implication of the research that has been done is to provide direction for financial managers regarding the optimal use of capital structure to achieve the company's goal of increasing the welfare of shareholders. As for investors, investors should choose companies that have high company size, low risk, and high liquidity.
The Model of Supervisor Support, Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment on IT Employee Performance Moderated by Demographic Factors

This study aims to explore the effect of Supervisor Support (SS), Work-Life Balance (WLB), Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance moderated by age, gender, education, and marital status on IT employees. Refer to the theory and empirical evidence from previous research, we collect the data by distributing online questionnaires from November to December 2020 at some IT sector companies in the cities of Tangerang and Jakarta. The respondents are IT employees who were selected by purposive sampling method with the category non-managerial level. This study uses the PLS-SEM method. The results prove that SS, WLB, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment all have positive effects on IT employee performance. While the moderation results in this study as a whole there are no significant differences between groups of age, gender, education, and marital status with the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on IT employee performance. The important managerial implications for the companies to improve the performance of IT employees are by changing the company's internal culture to be more open, creating or strengthening the warm and ‘kinship’ work environment, and organize a routine togetherness program. This will encourage positive changes for employees and be a benefit for the company. Keywords—Supervisor Support; Work-Life Balance; Job Satisfaction; Organizational Commitment; Employee Performance; Demographic Factors
The T‐matrix approach for scattering by a traction‐free periodic rough surface

A T matrix is formulated to characterize scattering by a traction‐free periodic rough surface and numerical results for several surface profiles are presented. The normalized reflected intensities are computed, for the cases of longitudinal (P) as well as shear (SV) wave incidence, as functions of the angle of incidence and frequency of the incident wave. The anomalous behavior of the reflected waves are explained in terms of their conversion from evanescent to propagating waves, as well as in terms of Rayleigh surface waves. Hybridization of the T‐matrix scheme with a point‐matching procedure is also discussed.
The MASTER (Motivating, Acquiring, Searching, Triggering, Exhibiting, Reflecting) Learning Model Based on Edutainment and Motivation: the Impact and Interaction on Mathematical Connections Skills

This study aimed to determine 1) the influence application of the MASTER learning model (Motivating, Acquiring, Searching, Triggering, Exhibiting, and Reflecting) based on Edutainment on students' mathematical connection skills in terms of learning motivation; 2) the influence of students' learning motivation on mathematical connection skills; and 3) the interaction between the groups of learning models (MASTER and Conventional) and the groups of learning motivation (high, moderate, and low) on students' mathematical connection skills. A quantitative research method with a quasi-experimental design was used in this study. The sample of the study was determined using cluster random sampling. The hypothesis was tested using two ways analysis of variance of unequal cells, provided that the data must be normally distributed and homogeneous. The results of the study show that 1) there was an influence of the MASTER learning model based on Edutainment on mathematical connection skills; 2) there was an influence of learning motivation on mathematical connection skills; and (3) there was no interaction between the groups of learning model (MASTER and Conventional) and the groups of learning motivation (high, moderate, and low) on mathematical connection skills.
Evaluation of Tonal Aeroacoustic Sources in Subsonic Fans Using Inverse Models

This paper aims at quantifying the most acoustically radiating modes of the blade unsteady lift and inflow velocity in the circumferential spectral domain and at localizing "hot spot" interaction areas over the fan. The proposed method is based on the inversion of the Blake model for tonal noise from subsonic fans. The unsteady lift formulation is first used to reconstruct the circumferential blade loading variations from the tonal noise radiation in free field. Then the unsteady lift is related to the inflow velocity distortions by a compressible blade response function. Discretizing the lift and velocity in the direct model leads to ill-conditioned aeroacoustic transfer matrices. The Tikhonov regularization technique is used to stabilize the inversion. The curvature of the L-curve is used to choose the regularization parameter such that the sources' strength vectors are optimally reconstructed. The singular value decomposition and the discrete Picard condition are also used to analyze the stability of the sources' reconstructions. One experimental case is considered to demonstrate the capability of the inverse model to qualitatively reconstruct the blade loading and inflow velocity variations from acoustic pressure measurements in the case of an automotive engine cooling fan.
Structure and Energy of One‐Dimensional Domain Walls in Ferromagnetic Thin Films

The continuous magnetization of a 180° one‐dimensional interdomain wall in a ferromagnetic thin film is replaced by a discrete distribution for which the magnetostatic energy can be calculated rigorously. The general functional form of the direction of magnetization within the wall is not restricted by this replacement, and minimization of the total energy with the aid of a digital computer yields both the equilibrium wall structure and its corresponding energy. It is found that only Bloch and Neel types of one‐dimensional walls result. The magnetization distribution of a typical Bloch wall is shown, and the Bloch wall energy and wall thickness are calculated as functions of film thickness and compared with values from the literature. Finally, some detail of the Neel wall structure is presented, and it is shown that the transition from one‐dimensional Bloch to Neel walls should occur at much larger film thickness than has been reported previously.
Minoxidil Regulates Aging-Like Phenotypes in Rat Cortical Astrocytes In Vitro

Mainly due to the slanted focus on the mechanism and regulation of neuronal aging, research on astrocyte aging and its modulation during brain aging is scarce. In this study, we established aged astrocyte culture model by long-term culturing. Cellular senescence was confirmed through SA-β-gal staining as well as through the examination of morphological, molecular, and functional markers. RNA sequencing and functional analysis of astrocytes were performed to further investigate the detailed characteristics of the aged astrocyte model. Along with aged phenotypes, decreased astrocytic proliferation, migration, mitochondrial energetic function and support for neuronal survival and differentiation has been observed in aged astrocytes. In addition, increased expression of cytokines and chemokine-related factors including plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 (PAI-1) was observed in aged astrocytes. Using the RNA sequencing results, we searched potential drugs that can normalize the dysregulated gene expression pattern observed in long-term cultured aged astrocytes. Among several candidates, minoxidil, a pyrimidine-derived anti-hypertensive and anti-pattern hair loss drug, normalized the increased number of SA-β-gal positive cells and nuclear size in aged astrocytes. In addition, minoxidil restored up-regulated activity of PAI-1 and increased mitochondrial superoxide production in aged astrocytes. We concluded that long term culture of astrocytes can be used as a reliable model for the study of astrocyte senescence and minoxidil can be a plausible candidate for the regulation of brain aging.
UNIFORM APPROXIMATION BY RATIONAL MODULES ON NOWHERE DENSE SETS

We prove that the rational module ^t(X~st is always uniformly dense in C(X) if the compact set X has no interior. Let Ibea compact subset of the complex plane C. Let the module ty,(Xy$m be the space ft(Jf) + %(X)z +■■■ + <&(X)zm = {r0(z) + rx(z)z +■■■ +rm(z)zm},
Aches and Pains: How Do They Affect Transitions From Driving?

Abstract Background and Objectives Chronic pain, which affects more than 1 in 4 middle-aged and older adults, can have profound implications for everyday behaviors like driving. The literature examining it, however, is relatively small and is limited by its reliance on patient populations and its lack of attention to some driving-related behaviors and self-assessments that may signal the start of a transition from driving. Research Design and Methods We address these issues using data from an online survey of Floridians aged 50 and older that was conducted between December 2020 and April 2021 and funded by the Florida Department of Transportation (n = 3,832). We ran multivariate regression analyses to examine the association between pain’s interference with driving and 5 driving-related outcomes: self-rated driving ability, driving frequency, self-regulated driving, perceived nearness of driving retirement, and planning for driving retirement. Results Results indicate that experiencing more pain that interferes with driving is associated with worse self-rated driving ability, more frequent self-regulated driving, and greater planning for driving retirement. It is not associated with driving frequency or with anticipating that driving retirement will occur in the next 5 years. Discussion and Implications These findings indicate that greater pain may hasten the transition from driving, along with planning for it. These patterns suggest that pain may increase people’s risk of isolation and other negative outcomes that can follow driving retirement; however, pain’s effect on planning may reduce these risks. By focusing on transitioning from driving, our study reveals a largely overlooked benefit of reducing pain—It could extend people’s years behind the wheel.
Sparse Parameter Estimation and Imaging in mmWave MIMO Radar Systems With Multiple Stationary and Mobile Targets

This work conceives novel target detection and parameter estimation schemes in millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar (mMR) systems for both stationary and mobile targets/radar platform. Initially, the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP)-based mmR (OmMR) algorithm is proposed for stationary targets to estimate their radar cross-section (RCS) coefficients, angle, range locations together with the number of targets. Next, mMR systems with mobile targets and platform are considered, followed by development of the simultaneous OMP (SOMP)-based mMR (SmMR) algorithm for RCS, angle/range estimation together with their Doppler velocities. The proposed algorithms lead to a significant improvement in performance since they exploit the inherent sparsity of the mMR scattering scene in contrast to the conventional schemes. Two-dimensional (2D) mMR imaging procedures are also presented for both scenarios in the angle, range, and Doppler dimensions. Analytical expressions are derived for the Cramér-Rao bounds (CRBs) for the mean-squared error (MSE) of joint estimation of the RCS coefficients and Doppler velocities. Simulation results demonstrate that proposed schemes perform well even in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios with a few snapshots of the scattering environment and yield improved performance in comparison to existing sparse as well as non-sparse schemes.
Local foliations by critical surfaces of the Hawking energy and small sphere limit

Local foliations of area constrained Willmore surfaces on a 3-dimensional Riemannian manifold were constructed by Lamm et al (2020 Ann. Inst. Fourier 70 1639–62) and Ikoma et al (2020 Int. Math. Res. Not. 70 6538–68), the leaves of these foliations are in particular critical surfaces of the Hawking energy in case they are contained in a totally geodesic spacelike hypersurface. We generalize these foliations to the general case of a non-totally geodesic spacelike hypersurface, constructing an unique local foliation of area constrained critical surfaces of the Hawking energy. A discrepancy when evaluating the so called small sphere limit of the Hawking energy was found by Friedrich (2020 arXiv:1909.02388v2 [math.DG]), he studied concentrations of area constrained critical surfaces of the Hawking energy and obtained a result that apparently differs from the well established small sphere limit of the Hawking energy of Horowitz and Schmidt (1982 Proc. R. Soc. A 381 215–24), this small sphere limit in principle must be satisfied by any quasi local energy. We independently confirm the discrepancy and explain the reasons for it to happen. We also prove that these surfaces are suitable to evaluate the Hawking energy in the sense of Lamm et al (2011 Math. Ann. 350 1–78), and we find an indication that these surfaces may induce an excess in the energy measured.
Risk factors of mortality in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy in a tertiary newborn care unit in Zimbabwe over a 12-month period

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) accounts for ~23% of the 2.4 million annual global neonatal deaths. Approximately 99% of global neonatal deaths occur in low-resource settings, however, accurate data from these low-resource settings are scarce. We reviewed risk factors of neonatal mortality in neonates admitted with neonatal encephalopathy from a tertiary neonatal unit in Zimbabwe. A retrospective review of risk factors of short-term neonatal encephalopathy mortality was conducted at Sally Mugabe Central Hospital (SMCH) (November 2018 –October 2019). Data were gathered using a tablet-based data capture and quality improvement newborn care application (Neotree). Analyses were performed on data from all admitted neonates with a diagnosis of neonatal encephalopathy, incorporating maternal, intrapartum, and neonatal risk predictors of the primary outcome: mortality. 494/2894 neonates had neonatal encephalopathy on admission and were included. Of these, 94 died giving a neonatal encephalopathy-case fatality rate (CFR) of 190 per 1000 admitted neonates. Caesarean section (odds ratio (OR) 2.95(95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39–6.25), convulsions (OR 7.13 (1.41–36.1)), lethargy (OR 3.13 (1.24–7.91)), Thompson score “11–14” (OR 2.98 (1.08–8.22)) or “15–22” (OR 17.61 (1.74–178.0)) were significantly associated with neonatal death. No maternal risk factors were associated with mortality. Nearly 1 in 5 neonates diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy died before discharge, similar to other low-resource settings but more than in typical high-resource centres. The Thompson score, a validated, sensitive and specific tool for diagnosing neonates with neonatal encephalopathy was an appropriate predictive clinical scoring system to identify at risk neonates in this setting. On univariable analysis time-period, specifically a period of staff shortages due to industrial action, had a significant impact on neonatal encephalopathy mortality. Emergency caesarean section was associated with increased mortality, suggesting perinatal care is likely to be a key moment for future interventions.
Evaluation of Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in the Context of Long-Term Herd Immunity

After the pertussis vaccine had been introduced in the 1940s and was shown to be very successful in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease, the possibility of improving both vaccine composition and vaccination schedules has become the subject of continuous interest. As a result, we are witnessing a considerable heterogeneity in pertussis vaccination policies, which remains beyond universal consensus. Many pertussis-related deaths still occur in low- and middle-income countries; however, these deaths are attributable to gaps in vaccination coverage and limited access to healthcare in these countries, rather than to the poor efficacy of the first generation of pertussis vaccine consisting in inactivated and detoxified whole cell pathogen (wP). In many, particularly high-income countries, a switch was made in the 1990s to the use of acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, to reduce the rate of post-vaccination adverse events and thereby achieve a higher percentage of children vaccinated. However the epidemiological data collected over the past few decades, even in those high-income countries, show an increase in pertussis prevalence and morbidity rates, triggering a wide-ranging debate on the causes of pertussis resurgence and the effectiveness of current pertussis prevention strategies, as well as on the efficacy of available pertussis vaccines and immunization schedules. The current article presents a systematic review of scientific reports on the evaluation of the use of whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines, in the context of long-term immunity and vaccines efficacy.
Evolutionary adaptation of bovine coronavirus (BCoV): Screening of natural recombinations across the complete genomes

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a member of pathogenic Betacoronaviruses that has been circulating for several decades in multiple host species. Given the similarity between BCoV and human coronaviruses, the current study aimed to review the complete genomes of 107 BCoV strains available on the GenBank database, collected between 1983 and 2017 from different countries. The maximum‐likelihood based phylogenetic analysis revealed three main BCoV genogroups: GI, GII, and GIII. GI is further divided into nine subgenogroups: GI‐a to GI‐i. The GI‐a to GI‐d are restricted to Japan, and GI‐e to GI‐i to the USA. The evolutionary relationships were also inferred using phylogenetic network analysis, revealing two major distinct networks dominated by viruses identified in the USA and Japan, respectively. The USA strains‐dominated Network Cluster includes two sub‐branches: France/Germany and Japan/China in addition to the United States, while Japan strains‐dominated Network Cluster is limited to Japan. Twelve recombination events were determined, including 11 intragenogroup (GI) and one intergenogroup (GII vs. GI‐g). The breakpoints of the recombination events were mainly located in ORF1ab and the spike glycoprotein ORF. Interestingly, 10 of 12 recombination events occurred between Japan strains, one between the USA strains, and one from intercontinental recombination (Japan vs. USA). These findings suggest that geographical characteristics, and population density with closer contact, might significantly impact the BCoV infection and co‐infection and boost the emergence of more complex virus lineages.
Decadal trends of the annual amplitude of global precipitation

In this study, decadal trends of the annual amplitude of global precipitation are compared in Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP), Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP), and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data sets. The analysis reveals decreasing trends in the CMAP and reanalysis data and a flat trend in the GPCP data. The decreasing trends are mainly associated with the increasing trend of low annual minimum precipitation rate in the CMAP data and high annual minimum precipitation rate in the reanalysis data. The trend in the GPCP data is flat because of the balance between decreasing trends along equatorial oceans and increasing trends over subtropical oceans.
The free compressible viscous vortex

The effects of compressibility on free (unsteady) viscous heat-conducting vortices are investigated. Analytical solutions are found in the limit of large, but finite, Reynolds number, and small, but finite, Mach number. The analysis shows that the spreading of the vortex causes a radial flow. This flow is given by the solution of an ordinary differential equation (valid for any Mach number), which gives the dependence of the radial velocity on the tangential velocity, density, and temperature profiles of the vortex; estimates of the radial velocity found by solving this equation are found to be in good agreement with numerical solutions of the full equations. The experiments of Mandella (1987) also report a radial flow in the vortex, but their estimates are much larger than the analytical predictions, and it is found that the flow inferred from the iexperiments violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics for two-dimensional axisymmetric flow. It is speculated that three-dimensionality is the cause of this discrepancy. To obtain detailed analytical solutions, the equations for the viscous evolution are expanded in powers of Mach number, M. Solutions valid to O(M2), are discussed for vortices with finite circulation. Two specific initial conditions – vortices with initially uniform entropy and with initially uniform density – are analysed in detail. It is shown that swirling axisymmetric compressible flows generate negative radial velocities far from the vortex core owing to viscous effects, regardless of the initial distributions of vorticity, density and entropy.
DISLOCATION MOVEMENT THROUGH RANDOM ARRAYS OF OBSTACLES

A computer program that determines the stress required to move a dislocation through an array of obstacles distributed at random on a slip plane has been written. This program has been used to measure the critical shear stress of random arrays of (a) obstacles of various equal strengths, (b) obstacles with two differing strengths, (c) obstacles with a square spectrum of strengths, and (d) circular prismatic loops lying on {110} planes in a face-centered cubic crystal.
Effects of foam claddings for structure protection against blast loads

A load-cladding-structure (LCS) model is developed to investigate the protective effects of foam claddings on the main structure subjected to blast loads. The properties of the blast load and the foam cladding as well as the main structure are all considered in the analytical model. Two nondimensional parameters are introduced to describe the relations between the foam cladding and the main structure. Parametric study by characterizing the pressure-impulse diagrams for structures with and without foam cladding is carried out. Based on the LCS model and the pressure-impulse diagram analysis, the maximum allowable intensity of the blast load can be predicted for a given cladding protected structure. Equally, the foam cladding can be appropriately designed to protect a particular structure against a certain range blast load. It is found that the blast resisting capacity of the structure system may be greatly enhanced if the foam cladding is properly designed. The maximum allowable external blast load depends on the properties of the particular foam cladding and the specific main structure.