Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-proliferating effect of Ocimum sanctum and Centella asiatica plant extract on growth of human glioblastoma cells: An in vitro study

Glioblastoma is aggressive brain tumour with poor prognosis with conventional chemotherapy, hence there is need to find alternative targets for developing newer treatment. Advent of new treatment methods involving medicinal plants have shown to reduced Cancer mortalities and prevents development of drug resistance for chemotherapy. Present study aimed at investigates the anti-proliferating activity of two promising medicinal plants, Ocimum sanctum and Centella asiatica . We studied the effect of their plant extract on U87MG Glioblastoma cells proliferation, survival effect and apoptosis. Cytotoxic activity was assessed, after the plant extract treatment on U87MG using MTT assay with dose of 1 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL and apoptosis assess was done using Annexin V assay with the three dose (1.5 mg/mL, 2 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL). Survivin gene expression was studied using QRT-PCR (Rotar gene Q, Qiagen) has a marker of proliferation. Ocimum sanctum and Centella asiatica treatment of U87MG cells with dosage of 1.5 mg/mL, 2.0 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL showed increase in mean apoptotic cells 2.8 %, 4.9%, 10 % and 3.1%, 5.8% and 7.2%, respectively, compared to untreated U87MG cells. Survivin gene analysis of U87MG cells showed down-regulation in gene expression and differences was significant in comparison to untreated control group with both the plant extract, Centella asiatica showed more down-regulation (97% with 2.5 mg/mL) than Ocimum sanctum . Ocimum sanctum and Centella asiatica exhibited promising anti-proliferating activity and induces apoptosis by down regulation of survivin gene expression.
Assessment of nutritional status and adequacy of fiber intake in a group of obese children and adolescents

Background: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Its prevalence has increased at an alarming rate according to recent WHO reports. Some studies suggest this increase to changes in diet patterns with the shift to a processed low-fiber diet. Dietary fiber has shown different protective health benefits against obesity and its comorbidities. Current dietary fiber intake status in obese children and adolescents is understudied. Aim of the work: to assess the adequacy of fiber intake in obese children and adolescents. Methods: A observation of a group of obese pediatric patients. All included patients were subjected to detailed medical history and clinical examination obtained from interviews with them or their medical records with special emphasis on anthropometric measures in form of weight, height and waist circumference, age of diagnosis, dietary intake, lifestyle, drugs, and possible complications. Dietary assessment through 24 h recall from all participants with an analysis of fiber according to 2nd Edition food composition tables for Egypt of National Institute of Nutrition Results: obese children and adolescents in the current study consumed less than 25% of their daily required intake.
The effect of neutrinos on the matter distribution as probed by the intergalactic medium

We present a suite of full hydrodynamical cosmological simulations that quantitatively address the impact of neutrinos on the (mildly non-linear) spatial distribution of matter and in particular on the neutral hydrogen distribution in the Intergalactic Medium (IGM), which is responsible for the intervening Lyman-α absorption in quasar spectra. The free-streaming of neutrinos results in a (non-linear) scale-dependent suppression of power spectrum of the total matter distribution at scales probed by Lyman-α forest data which is larger than the linear theory prediction by about 25 % and strongly redshift dependent. By extracting a set of realistic mock quasar spectra, we quantify the effect of neutrinos on the flux probability distribution function and flux power spectrum. The differences in the matter power spectra translate into a ∼ 2.5% (5%) difference in the flux power spectrum for neutrino masses with Σmν = 0.3 eV (0.6 eV). This rather small effect is difficult to detect from present Lyman-α forest data and nearly perfectly degenerate with the overall amplitude of the matter power spectrum as characterised by σ8. If the results of the numerical simulations are normalized to have the same σ8 in the initial conditions, then neutrinos produce a smaller suppression in the flux power of about 3% (5%) for Σmν = 0.6 eV (1.2 eV) when compared to a simulation without neutrinos. We present constraints on neutrino masses using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey flux power spectrum alone and find an upper limit of Σmν < 0.9 eV (2σ C.L.), comparable to constraints obtained from the cosmic microwave background data or other large scale structure probes.
Weak lensing mass map and peak statistics in Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 survey

We present a weak lensing mass map covering similar to 124 deg(2) of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey (CS82). We study the statistics of rare peaks in the map, including peak abundance, the peak-peak correlation functions and the tangential-shear profiles around peaks. We find that the abundance of peaks detected in CS82 is consistent with predictions from a I > cold dark matter cosmological model, once noise effects are properly included. The correlation functions of peaks with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are well described by power laws, and there is a clear cross-correlation between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III/Constant Mass galaxies and high SNR peaks. The tangential-shear profiles around peaks increase with peak SNR. We fit analytical models to the tangential-shear profiles, including a projected singular isothermal sphere (SIS) model and a projected Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW) model, plus a two-halo term. For the high SNR peaks, the SIS model is rejected at similar to 3 sigma. The NFW model plus a two-halo term gives more acceptable fits to the data. Some peaks match the positions of optically detected clusters, while others are relatively dark. Comparing dark and matched peaks, we find a difference in lensing signal of a factor of 2, suggesting that about half of the dark peaks are false detections.
A measurement of neutrino oscillations with muon neutrinos in the MINOS experiment

Experimental evidence has established that neutrino flavor states evolve over time. A neutrino of a particular flavor that travels some distance can be detected in a different neutrino flavor state. The Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS) is a long-baseline experiment that is designed to study this phenomenon, called neutrino oscillations. MINOS is based at Fermilab near Chicago, IL, and consists of two detectors: the Near Detector located at Fermilab, and the Far Detector, which is located in an old iron mine in Soudan, MN. Both detectors are exposed to a beam of muon neutrinos from the NuMI beamline, and MINOS measures the fraction of muon neutrinos that disappear after traveling the 734 km between the two detectors. One can measure the atmospheric neutrino mass splitting and mixing angle by observing the energy-dependence of this muon neutrino disappearance. MINOS has made several prior measurements of these parameters. Here I describe recently-developed techniques used to enhance our sensitivity to the oscillation parameters, and I present the results obtained when they are applied to a dataset that is twice as large as has been previously analyzed. We measure the mass splitting {Delta}m{sub 23}{sup 2} = (2.32{sub -0.08}{sup +0.12}) x 10{sup -3} eV{sup 2}/c{sup 4} and the mixing angle sin{sup 2}(2{theta}{sub 32}) > 0.90 at 90% C.L. These results comprise the world's best measurement of the atmospheric neutrino mass splitting. Alternative disappearance models are also tested. The neutrino decay hypothesis is disfavored at 7.2{sigma} and the neutrino quantum decoherence hypothesis is disfavored at 9.0{sigma}.
Applications of a finite-volume algorithm for incompressible MHD problems

We present the theory, algorithms and implementation of a parallel finite-volume algorithm for the solution of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations using unstructured grids that are applicable for a wide variety of geometries. Our method implements a mixed Adams-Bashforth/Crank-Nicolson scheme for the nonlinear terms in the MHD equations and we prove that it is stable independent of the time step. To ensure that the solenoidal condition is met for the magnetic field, we use a method whereby a pseudo-pressure is introduced into the induction equation; since we are concerned with incompressible flows, the resulting Poisson equation for the pseudo-pressure is solved alongside the equivalent Poisson problem for the velocity field. We validate our code in a variety of geometries including periodic boxes, spheres, spherical shells, spheroids and ellipsoids; for the finite geometries we implement the so-called ferromagnetic or pseudo-vacuum boundary conditions appropriate for a surrounding medium with infinite magnetic permeability. This implies that the magnetic field must be purely perpendicular to the boundary. We present a number of comparisons against previous results and against analytical solutions, which verify the code's accuracy. This documents the code's reliability as a prelude to its use in more difficult problems. We finally present a new simple drifting solution for thermal convection in a spherical shell that successfully sustains a magnetic field of simple geometry. By dint of its rapid stabilization from the given initial conditions, we deem it suitable as a benchmark against which other self-consistent dynamo codes can be tested.
Compacted tunable split-ring resonators

We propose tunable superconducting split-ring resonators (SRRs) employing nonlinear Josephson inductance. A fraction of SRR is replaced by Nb-AlOx-Nb Josephson tunnel junctions connected in parallel and forming a superconducting quantum interference device, whose inductance is sensitive to the external dc magnetic field. Due to the lumped nature of the Josephson inductance, the SRR can be made very compact, and its resonance frequency can be tuned by applying magnetic field. We present the model, results of extensive electromagnetic-simulation and experimental data for the SRR weakly coupled to a transmission line within frequency range of 11–13 GHz.
On Polynomial Extensions of Principally Quasi-Baer Ring

A ring R is called a right principally quasi-Baer (or simply right p.q.-Baer) ring if the right annihilator of a lprincipal right ideal is generated by an idempotent. Weshow that a ring R is right p.q. -Baer if and only if R[x]is right p.q. -Baer. This result allow us to generalize results of E. P. Armendariz and S. J
ON THE SPIN-DOWN OF INTERMITTENT PULSARS

Magnetospheres of pulsars are thought to be filled with plasma, and variations in plasma supply can affect both pulsar emission properties and spin-down rates. A number of recently discovered “intermittent” pulsars switch between two distinct states: an “on,” radio-loud state, and an “off,” radio-quiet state. Spin-down rates in the two states differ by a large factor, ∼1.5–2.5, which is not easily understood in the context of current models. In this Letter, we present self-consistent numerical solutions of “on” and “off” states of intermittent pulsar magnetospheres. We model the “on” state as a nearly ideal force-free magnetosphere with abundant magnetospheric plasma supply. The lack of radio emission in the “off” state is associated with plasma supply disruption that results in lower plasma density on the open field lines. We model the “off” state using nearly vacuum conditions on the open field lines and nearly ideal force-free conditions on the closed field lines, where plasma can remain trapped even in the absence of pair production. The toroidal advection of plasma in the closed zone in the “off” state causes spin-downs that are a factor of ∼2 higher than vacuum values, and we naturally obtain a range of spin-down ratios between the “on” and “off” states, ∼1.2–2.9, which corresponds to a likely range of pulsar inclination angles of 30°–90°. We consider the implications of our model to a number of poorly understood but possibly related pulsar phenomena, including nulling, timing noise, and rotating radio transients.
Current status of the T2K experiment

The T2K long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiment was started in January 2010 for the purpose of physics data-taking. Until the massive earthquake on March 11, 2011 in Japan, 1.43 × 1020 pot data were accumulated. In this data, 6 possible νe appearance candidates are found for expected background of 1.5±0.3(syst.) if sin2 2θ13 = 0 is assumed. The probability that 6 or more events can be observed for 1.5±0.3 expected events is 7×10−3, equivalent to 2. 5σ significance. This is the first indication of a νe appearance or, in other words, the first indication of a non-zero sin2 2θ13.
Large-scale atmospheric features favoring the tropical cyclone activity affecting the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China

This study analyzes the large-scale circulation associated with the tropical cyclones (TCs) affecting the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) in southern China during the peak TC season (July–September) from 1980 to 2019. The results show that the frequency of the TCs affecting the GBA is closely tied to a meridional Rossby wave train from Southeast Asia to Northeast Asia, manifested by the important roles of the variability of the monsoon trough (MT) and the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH). In the active GBA TC years, intensified and westward-shifted MT and northeastward-shrunk WNPSH cause anomalous southeasterly wind over the southeast coast of China, and hence more TCs move northwestward to the GBA. Furthermore, the cyclonic convergent conditions related to the tacit-and-mutual configurations of MT and WNPSH favor more TC genesis in the west of 140° E over the WNP via significant larger meridional shear vorticity of the zonal winds, ascending motions, and positive vorticity. Opposite features of wind anomalies and TC genesis are seen in the inactive GBA TC years. Both statistical and numerical analyses confirm that the meridional Rossby wave train is associated with a Matsuno–Gill response to the anomalous convective activity over the western Pacific warm pool, which is maintained by the ascending branches of the La Niña-type Walker circulation over the Pacific and the monsoon-enhanced Walker circulation over the Indian Ocean.
THE CURIOUS CASE OF Lyα EMITTERS: GROWING YOUNGER FROM z ∼ 3 to z ∼ 2?

Lyα emitting (LAE) galaxies are thought to be progenitors of present-day L* galaxies. Clustering analyses have suggested that LAEs at z ∼ 3 might evolve into LAEs at z ∼ 2, but it is unclear whether the physical nature of these galaxies is compatible with this hypothesis. Several groups have investigated the properties of LAEs using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, but direct comparison of their results is complicated by inconsistencies in the treatment of the data and in the assumptions made in modeling the stellar populations, which are degenerate with the effects of galaxy evolution. By using the same data analysis pipeline and SED fitting software on two stacked samples of LAEs at z = 3.1 and z = 2.1, and by eliminating several systematic uncertainties that might cause a discrepancy, we determine that the physical properties of these two samples of galaxies are dramatically different. LAEs at z = 3.1 are found to be old (age ∼1 Gyr) and metal-poor (Z < 0.2 Z☉), while LAEs at z = 2.1 appear to be young (age ∼50 Myr) and metal-rich (Z > Z☉). The difference in the observed stellar ages makes it very unlikely that z = 3.1 LAEs evolve directly into z = 2.1 LAEs. Larger samples of galaxies, studies of individual objects, and spectroscopic measurements of metallicity at these redshifts are needed to confirm this picture, which is difficult to reconcile with the effects of 1 Gyr of cosmological evolution.
Functional connectivity subtypes associate robustly with ASD diagnosis

Our understanding of the changes in functional brain organization in autism is hampered by the extensive heterogeneity that characterizes this neurodevelopmental disorder. Data driven clustering offers a straightforward way to decompose autism heterogeneity into subtypes of connectivity and promises an unbiased framework to investigate behavioral symptoms and causative genetic factors. Yet, the robustness and generalizability of functional connectivity subtypes is unknown. Here, we show that a simple hierarchical cluster analysis can robustly relate a given individual and brain network to a connectivity subtype, but that continuous assignments are more robust than discrete ones. We also found that functional connectivity subtypes are moderately associated with the clinical diagnosis of autism, and these associations generalize to independent replication data. We explored systematically 18 different brain networks as we expected them to associate with different behavioral profiles as well as different key regions. Contrary to this prediction, autism functional connectivity subtypes converged on a common topography across different networks, consistent with a compression of the primary gradient of functional brain organization, as previously reported in the literature. Our results support the use of data driven clustering as a reliable data dimensionality reduction technique, where any given dimension only associates moderately with clinical manifestations.
On the existence of a glass transition in a random energy model

We consider a generalized version of the random energy model in which the energy of each configuration is given by the sum of N independent contributions (local energies) with finite variances but otherwise arbitrary statistics. Using the large deviation formalism, we find that the glass transition generically exists when local energies have a smooth distribution. In contrast, if the distribution of the local energies has a Dirac mass at the minimal energy (e.g., if local energies take discrete values), the glass transition ceases to exist if the number of energy levels grows sufficiently fast with system size. This shows that the statistical independence of energy levels does not imply the existence of a glass transition.
CHARACTERISTIC STUDY OF INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE, TREATMENT AND THEIR DISPOSAL MECHANISM

This research papers is the characteristic study and suggestive measure for disposal mechanism for the sludge. Sludge is one of the important common waste materials which is generated in tons per day from many industries. The different types of waste materials can undergo various treatment based upon its characteristics which also resulted in the variation for the treatment like Stabilization before disposal, Direct Landfill (DLF), Alternative Fuel and Raw material (AFRF), Incineration, Solvent recovery, Chemical treatment, Recycling of metals and others for the Hazardous waste management process. The various physicochemical, gravimetric and spot test were carried out in order to determine the quality of the waste and its suitability for the disposal by following different national and international methods. Further, Heavy metals were also analyzed by AAS obtained by following different methods in different forms like TM, TCLP and WLT which also indicated that the heavy metals are within the limits. Overall, the results obtained were found to be within the limits provided by the CPCB guidelines and the waste is suitable for the direct landfill disposal mechanism. KEYWORDS: Industrial Sludge, Hazardous Waste Management, Heavy metals
Relativistic (lattice) Boltzmann equation with nonideal equation of state

The relativistic Boltzmann equation for a single particle species generally implies a fixed, unchangeable equation of state that corresponds to that of an ideal gas. Real-world systems typically have more complicated equation of state which cannot be described by the Boltzmann equation. The present work derives a 'Boltzmann-like' equation that gives rise to a conserved energy-momentum tensor with an arbitrary (but thermodynamically consistent) equation of state. Using this, a Lattice Boltzmann scheme for diagonal metric tensors and arbitrary equations of state is constructed. The scheme is verified for QCD in the Milne metric by comparing to viscous fluid dynamics.
How Female-Female Competition Affects Male-Male Competition: Insights into Postcopulatory Sexual Selection from Socially Polyandrous Species

Sexual selection is a major driver of trait variation, and the intensity of male competition for mating opportunities has been linked with sperm size across diverse taxa. Mating competition among females may also shape the evolution of sperm traits, but the effect of the interplay between female-female competition and male-male competition on sperm morphology is not well understood. We evaluated variation in sperm morphology in two species with socially polyandrous mating systems, in which females compete to mate with multiple males. Northern jacanas (Jacana spinosa) and wattled jacanas (J. jacana) vary in their degree of social polyandry and sexual dimorphism, suggesting species differences in the intensity of sexual selection. We compared mean and variance in sperm head, midpiece, and tail length between species and breeding stages because these measures have been associated with the intensity of sperm competition. We found that the species with greater polyandry, northern jacana, has sperm with longer midpieces and tails as well as marginally lower intraejaculate variation in tail length. Intraejaculate variation was also significantly lower in copulating males than in incubating males, suggesting flexibility in sperm production as males cycle between breeding stages. Our results indicate that stronger female-female competition for mating opportunities may also shape more intense male-male competition by selecting for longer and less variable sperm traits. These findings extend frameworks developed in socially monogamous species to reveal that sperm competition may be an important evolutionary force layered atop female-female competition for mates.
The Principal's Role as Education Supervisor in Improving Teacher Professionalism

Professional teachers are not only required to master the fields of science, teaching materials, learning methods, and student motivation. They have high skills and broad insight into the world of education. This is inseparable from the guidance of a supervisor. Supervision is carried out to form and improve abilities in the teaching and learning process. Maintenance can help enhance teachers' professional skills so that teachers can carry out the teaching and learning process that they do in class well. Besides that, a teacher can also act as a professional educator in carrying out their duties and responsibilities in guiding and teaching, creating a comfortable learning atmosphere, and good communication. This article aims to describe the role of the principal as a supervisor to assist the teaching profession. The research method used in this article is a qualitative method with a case study approach.