Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Prostacyclin on Cerebral Blood Flow and Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Randomized, Pilot Trial

Background and Purpose— Delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DINDs) are a major contributing factor for poor outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this trial, we investigated the therapeutic potential of prostacyclin, an endogen substance with known effect on vascular tone and blood flow regulation, on factors related to DIND. Methods— This trial is a single-center, randomized, blinded, clinical, pilot trial with 3 arms. Ninety patients were randomized to continuous infusion of prostacyclin 1 ng/kg per minute, prostacyclin 2 ng/kg per minute, or placebo. The intervention was initiated day 5 after subarachnoid hemorrhage and discontinued day 10. Primary outcome was the difference in change from baseline in global cerebral blood flow. Secondary outcome measures were occurrence of DIND, angiographic vasospasm, and clinical outcome at 3 months. Results— No statistically significant difference in change of global cerebral blood flow was found between the intervention groups. The observed incidence of DIND and angiographic vasospasm was markedly higher in the placebo group, although this difference was not statistically significant. No statistically significant differences in safety parameters or clinical outcome were found between the 3 groups. Conclusions— Administration of prostacyclin to patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage may be safe and feasible. Global cerebral blood flow after subarachnoid hemorrhage is not markedly affected by administration of prostacyclin in the tested dose range. It may be possible that the observed reduction in the point estimates of DIND and vasospasm in the prostacyclin groups represents an effect of prostacyclin as this trial was not powered to investigate the effect of prostacyclin on these outcomes. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01447095.
Raptor electrocution on power lines: Current issues and outlook

Electrocution on power lines is one of many human-caused mortality factors that affect raptors. Cost-effective and relatively simple raptor-safe standards for power line modification and construction have been available for over 25 years. During the 1970s and early 1 980s, electric industry efforts to reduce raptor electrocutions were very coordinated and proactive, but predictions about resolving the problem were overly optimistic. Today, raptors continue to be electrocuted, possibly in large numbers. The electrocution problem has not been resolved, partly because of the sheer number of potentially lethal power poles in use and partly because electrocution risks may be more pervasive and sometimes less conspicuous than once believed. Also, responses to the problem by individual utilities have not been uniform, and deregulation of the electric industry during the 1 990s may have deflected attention from electrocution issues. To control raptor electrocutions in the future, the industry must increase information sharing and technology transfer, increase efforts to retrofit lethal power poles, and above all ensure that every new and replacement line constructed incorporates raptor-safe standards at all phases of development. Finally, responsibility for the electrocution problem must be shared. Federal, state, and local governments, academic institutions, the conservation community, and the consumer all can play critical roles in an effort that will, by necessity, extend well into the new century.
On the universal sl2 invariant of Brunnian bottom tangles

Abstract The universal sl2 invariant is an invariant of bottom tangles from which one can recover the colored Jones polynomial of links. We are interested in the relationship between topological properties of bottom tangles and algebraic properties of the universal sl2 invariant. A bottom tangle T is called Brunnian if every proper subtangle of T is trivial. In this paper, we prove that the universal sl2 invariant of n-component Brunnian bottom tangles takes values in a small subalgebra of the n-fold completed tensor power of the quantized enveloping algebra Uh(sl2). As an application, we give a divisibility property of the colored Jones polynomial of Brunnian links.
How Can We Ignore the Why?

Abstract Katz's (1960) theory of the Functional Approach to Attitude Change is applied to the largely atheoretical world of health care professionals' attitudes toward older adults. A brief summary of the research on health care professionals' attitudes toward older adults is presented and the application of Katz's theory to these attitudes is explored in depth. Empirical studies which test even trace elements of this theory are examined. Directions for future research are suggested, and social workers, possessing so many relevant skills and holding positions in the health care arena, are encouraged to become actively involved.
What's in a Drink You Call a Chai?

Abstract Although India is a leading producer of tea, her export share is declining and her per capita consumption is extremely low. As a buffer against sluggish exports, managers of tea industry may want to expand domestic market. They may want to understand valuation consumers place on quality attributes of tea. Using exponential form of Box-Cox transformation, we applied hedonic price analysis to price and quality attributes of 43 Indian tea brands. Consumers attached importance to aroma and colour. Attribute magnitudes may be enhanced through selective plantation, processing, and blending of teas before marketing it through generic promotions or brand advertisements.
Incidence of occult metastasis in clinically N0 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and its association with tumor staging, thickness, and differentiation

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most frequent head and neck cancer. The metastatic dissemination of these tumours usually occurs through the lymphatic system. The presence of occult lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor. The high incidence of occult lymph nodal metastasis is a strong argument for the indication of elective neck dissection. However, there is a high percentage of patients who do not have metastasis in the pathological exam (pN0). Taking a homogenous group of patients all of whom received primary surgical treatment, at the same institution without prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy, applying stringent patient selection criteria, and standard pathological evaluation methods across the group, this study aims to establish predictors of cervical node metastasis in squamous carcinomas of the oral tongue. Result: During the study period, a total of 112 patients (98 males and 14 females; Mean age 49.7 years (range 15-70)) underwent resection of the primary tumor with SOND for N0 lymph node status of neck. A total of 1489 lymph nodes were analyzed in this study. Occult metastasis was found in 26 patients (23.2%). T-stage 4 was found to be a statistically significant predictor of occult lymph node metastasis in a cN0 neck. (95% CI, p-value 0.02). There was no correlation between gender, tumor thickness, and tumor differentiation and occurrence of occult metastasis. Discussion: Controversy exists over management of the neck in patients with cN0 oral SCC. As is evident there is no consistent statistically significant factor that can be attributed as a predictor of occult metastasis in head and neck cancer of the oral cavity. The search to identify reliable and accurate predictor(s) of occult metastases, or approaches to the management of patients with cN0 oral SCC, must continue. In absence of such predictors, keeping the high incidence of occult metastasis in mind, we recommend END in all cases of N0 OSCC.
Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane/PMMA/Clay Hybrid Materials

Abstract Waterborne polyurethane/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) hybrid materials reinforced with exfoliated organoclay were prepared. The emulsion particle size increased as the contents of PMMA or organoclay was increased. X-ray diffraction patterns showed the effective exfoliation of the silicate layer in the polymer matrix. Tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, scratch resistance, water resistance, and thermal resistance of cast film samples were enhanced compared with the pristine polymer, when reinforced with 1 ∼ 5 phr organoclay, with marginal reduction in transparency.
THE FORUM

Climate change is an ever-growing problem that requires a network of policy solutions. There exists variation in state-level responses to climate change, firmly placing it within the context of state-level representation. There are various explanations for policy outcomes at the state level, including public opinion, institutional control, interest group activity, among others. With respect to climate change, another potential explanation provided by scholars for the variation in policy responses is the degree of risk posed by climate change to a particular state. However, climate change serves as a somewhat unique policy position as it is highly visible and has been a polarizing issue in American political discourse. This paper analyzes how risk, political control, and opinion affect policy responses to climate change. Employing multiple measures for state-level action on climate change as well as state-level opinion on the existence and perceived threat of climate change, this analysis theorizes that given the polarized nature of the climate change debate in the United States, public opinion on the realities of climate change and partisan control of state government influences policy outcomes more so than any level of quantified threat from climate change. The causal reasoning for this dual effect is the impact of citizen demands and overarching party ideologies. Even when controlling for wealth, energy industry activity, and political lobbying within states, findings indicate a strong relationship between citizen opinion and partisan control on state-level action on climate change, posing a challenge for combatting long-term impacts of climate change.
Applying Queer Theory in Practice with College Students

Abstract Grounded in a narrative inquiry study of traditional-aged lesbian college students' perceptions of the relationships among their multiple social identities, this article explores implications of queer theory in practice with college students. This case study examines the emancipatory impact of queer notions and a queer theoretical framework on one of the study participant's evolving perceptions of her sexual, gender, and ethnic identities, and discusses the broader implications of queer theory in higher education and student affairs practice.
Full Employment Target: What Lessons for a Post-2015 Development Agenda?

Abstract Traditional development aid interventions, as formulated in the Millennium Development Goals, might not be the most effective response for the poor to grow out of poverty due to the triple crises of nutrition, finance and environment, in addition to the changing geopolitical landscape. New challenges therefore need to be confronted in a post-2015 agenda, which could be the best part of a global social contract in which all concerns should therefore be discussed in order to reach the goal of full and productive employment. Coherent policies both at national and international levels are needed that go far beyond concerns of development aid and successful technical assistance projects. The challenge is to have these policies well articulated in a post-2015 development agenda, otherwise full employment would remain a lofty and elusive goal.
Transition Facilitating Behavior Bridging Attachment Theory and British Object Relations

Transition facilitating behavior is introduced as a concept bridging attachment theory and British object relations theory. Examples of this behavior are given as they manifest themselves in normal mother-infant interaction. The origin of this normative pattern of behavior is examined in light of both the earlier-mentioned theoretical frameworks and its implications for development. Detailed examples are presented through infant observation in a newborn intensive care unit, and breakdown of the behavior is presented through clinical vignettes. Transition facilitating behavior is identified as an indication of the “containing process” present in the mind of the caretaking figure and as evidence of the “caretaking system” activated in the mother.
Musculoskeletal modelling to analyse and treat anterior cruciate ligament deficiency

2 Table of contents . 3 List of Figures . 5 List of Tables . 9 Abbreviations . 10 Acknowledgements . 11 Declaration of Originality . 12 CHAPTER 1 THESIS MOTIVATION AND SCOPE . 13 1.1 Problem Statement and Motivation . 14 1.2 Aim and Scope . 15 1.3 Thesis Objectives . 15 1.4 Thesis Outline . 16 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW AND BACKGROUND . 17 2.1 Functional Anatomy of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) . 18 2.2 Knee Muscles and the ACL . 22 2.3 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency (ACLD) . 24 2.4 Treatment of ACL Injury . 27 2.5 Reconstruction Surgery . 28 2.6 Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) . 30 2.7 Conclusion . 35 CHAPTER 3 MUSCULOSKELETAL MODELLING TO INVESTIGATE THE USE OF FES AT THE KNEE . 36 3.
Food Security and Senior Participation in the Commodity Supplemental Food Program

The Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP) provides supplemental food for pregnant and postpartum women, children under age 6, and seniors 60 years and older. This is the first formal evaluation of CSFP and examines whether participation in the program helps alleviate food insecurity among low-income seniors. A questionnaire was administered to seniors who live in housing that receives CSFP services and those living in housing that does not receive CSFP services. A total of 193 seniors completed the survey: 144 in CSFP sites and 49 in non-CSFP sites. The majority of respondents had no (n = 87; 45.1%) or little (n =49; 25.4%) food insecurity, whereas a small number (n = 18; 9.3%) indicated severe food insecurity. Seniors at CSFP sites had the same food security level as did seniors at non-CSFP sites. CSFP may substitute for other programs in helping seniors cope with food insecurity.
Spiritual behaviour in the workplace as a topic for research

Spirituality at work is a fascinating and complex variable. It is linked to findings for business management such that it makes organizations grow faster, increases efficiency, enhances organizational performance, improves communication and a greater sense of team and community, and is related positively to employee's attitudes towards their work. Consequently, more employers are encouraging the expression of spirituality in the workplace as a way to boost loyalty and increase morale. However, there is empirical evidence that runs contrary to the common assertion of employees that they desire or expect organizational and supervisory involvement in their spirituality in the workplace. With the aim of specifying the construct of spirituality at work, the article proposes a theoretical approach that assumes that spirituality in the workplace is not independent of environmental influence. It investigates the various processes and elements that interact at individual, organizational, and societal levels.
Tickled Pink: The Personal Meaning of Cause Related Marketing for Customers

There has been significant growth and interest in Cause Related Marketing over the past few years. (See Fellman 1999; Polonsky and McDonald 2002; Dupree 2002), An important element of cause related marketing is the level of customer awareness and involvement. However, in a review of previous studies conducted, it is clear that a limited amount of research has been conducted with regard to the role and involvement of consumers within Cause Related Marketing programmes. This paper reports on a qualitative research study of customers’ perceptions and levels of involvement in Cause Related Marketing activities. Focusing on a case study of Breast Cancer Awareness campaigns involving one retail and one product-based organization (ASDA and AVON), now running for several years, respondents offered some revealing and insightful commentary on their perceptions of the campaign. Among respondents in the study, the emotional level of individual involvement was found to be a key differentiating factor in customers’ awareness, perception and response to cause-related marketing campaigns. Findings also highlight the importance to customers of the credibility of the partner organization and their overall more positive view of business organizations that get involved in appropriate cause-related marketing.
What's in a Term? How Gay and Bisexual Men Understand Barebacking

SUMMARY This study examines conceptual understandings, definitions, and practices of barebacking in a sample of 227 gay and bisexual men recruited from four gay venues in the New York Metropolitan area. Findings demonstrated that 21% of the participants identified as HIV-negative (HIV−) and 61.7% as HIV-positive (HIV+). While 90% of the sample was familiar with the term “barebacking,” differences were noted in conceptual understandings and practices of bare-backing between HIV+ and HIV− men. In particular, the findings suggest that these men were more likely to socialize and have sex with seroconcordant partners and that these patterns of socialization may shape attitudes and practices about barebacking.
The recursive mind: the origins of human language, thought and civilization

Foreword to the Paperback Edition vii Preface xi Chapter 1 What Is Recursion? 1 PART 1: Language 17 Chapter 2: Language and Recursion 19 Chapter 3: Do Animals Have Language? 36 Chapter 4: How Language Evolved from Hand to Mouth 55 PART 2: Mental Time Travel 81 Chapter 5: Reliving the Past 83 Chapter 6: About Time 100 Chapter 7: The Grammar of Time 112 PART 3: Theory of Mind 129 Chapter 8: Mind Reading 131 Chapter 9: Language and Mind 151 PART 4: Human Evolution 167 Chapter 10: The Recurring Question 169 Chapter 11: Becoming Human 181 Chapter 12: Becoming Modern 208 Chapter 13: Final Thoughts 221 Notes 227 References 253 Index 281
An Empirical Examination of Consumer Adoption of Mobile Banking (M-Banking) in Jordan

Scant research attention has been given to how Jordanian consumers' perceive and respond to m-banking services, and more specifically, the particular factors that drive consumers to adopt m-banking. This lack of knowledge and limited previous research has highlighted the need for further research. Therefore, the primary focus of this research is to advance our current understanding of m-banking from the consumer's perspective. A model of consumers' adoption of m-banking is developed by integrating and incorporating TAM with other relevant variables such as perceived trust, and perceived credibility along with consumers' attitudes and intention to use m-banking. Theoretically, the current study is among the first studies to develop a model of the major factors that influence consumers' attitude and intention to use m-banking services in Jordan. Practically, the results of this study may provide marketers with information that could be useful in attracting and convincing customers to use m-banking.
Using social networking sites for language learning to develop intercultural competence in language education programs

ABSTRACT This article examines the ways a social networking site for language learning (SNSLL) enhances or hinders intercultural communicative competence (ICC). The study identifies the components of intercultural competence that emerge from students’ interactions and reflections about the SNSLL Livemocha. The research was conducted with second-year students of an English class in a Colombian university. Data were collected through screen recordings, students’ logs, surveys, and a focus group. Findings indicate that, of the five dimensions of ICC, the components of Attitudes, Knowledge, Skills of Interpreting and Relating, and Skills of Discovery and Interaction featured strongly on students’ exchanges and reflections. SNSLLs hold potential to enhance intercultural skills; however, pedagogical adjustment and refocusing of some of their activities are required to expand opportunities for intercultural engagement.
A holiday celebration in a binational context: Easter experiences at the US–Mexico border

As part of a larger research project examining cross-border culture in a recreational and tourism context, this brief research note describes how intangible heritage melds into Easter celebrations and provides some preliminary findings of interviews with borderlanders and their experiences with Easter memories. The Paso del Norte region of the US–Mexico border is composed of the Ciudad Juárez (Mexico) and El Paso and Las Cruces (USA) conurbation. Mexican culture with strong roots at north of the border, while American culture heavily influences the cities south of the line. There are five international border ports of entry, which have facilitated the growth of cross-border tourism and the flow of culture and ideas on both sides of the boundary. In this setting, the commemoration of ‘Bunny Day’, or Easter, has become an important borderland cultural phenomenon celebrated on both sides of the border at Chamizal Park in Ciudad Juárez and Chamizal National Memorial in neighboring El Paso, and has become a mark of local borderlands culture. This is unique to the Paso del Norte borderland, which is home to a highly conservative, Catholic society. It is a manifestation of blended American and Mexican religious holiday traditions that represent the US–Mexico border community
Three-dimensional force calibration of optical tweezers

Abstract We demonstrate a method for 3-dimensional force calibration of optical tweezers by recording the trapping dynamics of polystyrene beads. This is realized by time-resolved detection of the horizontal and vertical position of a bead which is drawn to the focus of a laser beam. The method provides real time characterization of the force profile of an optical trap in all directions.
Disadvantaged consumers' experiences of marketplace discrimination in customer services

Marketplace discrimination, which involves a differential treatment of customers in the marketplace based on perceived group-level traits, is common in service encounters. In the past, research has focused on discrimination experienced by members of ethnic minorities, however, not much is known about marketplace discrimination attributed to age, gender, physical ability and sexual orientation. The aim of this research is to develop a conceptual model that links perceived marketplace discrimination to individual-level and firm-level determinants as well as to customer outcomes. Drawing on Social Identification Theory, the antecedents-perceived discrimination link is examined. Based on a review of the literature, specific research propositions are developed. By applying insights from Fairness Theory and on the basis of 46 phenomenological interviews, the discrimination experienced by members of different disadvantaged groups and their response to perceived discrimination are explored. All participants claim to have experienced marketplace discrimination and many use subsequent coping strategies.