Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathways Linking Mental Health Literacy to Professional Help-Seeking Intentions in Korean College Students.

INTRODUCTION There is a high prevalence of mental health problems among college students in Korea. Although the usage rate for mental health services among Korean college students was not reported, it is known that the usage rate for Koreans is low compared to that in the U.S. AIM To explore the relationships linking mental health literacy to intentions of help-seeking in a sample of Korean college students. METHOD Using a cross-sectional study, data from 200 participants were analyzed using a structural equation modeling approach. RESULTS Mental health literacy (MHL) had both direct and indirect effects on attitudes toward help-seeking and an indirect effect on attitudes toward help-seeking through stigma. The direct effect of MHL on attitudes toward help-seeking was fully mediated by stigma. DISCUSSION Mental health nursing professionals have a responsibility and a challenge to enhance MHL in college students through individual or group interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE MHL plays a significant role in individuals' willingness to seek professional help when in need of mental health care. Thus, mental health nursing interventions that include MHL improvement strategies would favorably enhance students' use of adequate sources of care, and contribute to the prevention of mental health problems in college students.
Complementary and alternative medicine use decreases adherence to prescribed medication in diabetes patients

Context: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is common among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Indonesia and may potentially affect adherence to prescribed diabetes medication, leading to uncontrolled blood sugar levels and complications. Aims: The objectives of this study were to analyze the association of CAM use with adherence to prescribed diabetes medication and to identify predictors of low adherence to prescribed diabetes medication. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional survey was done in a secondary health care facility in Bandung city, Indonesia. Data were collected between February and April 2014 from 114 respondents selected through consecutive sampling. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test and ordinal logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The result showed that 64.9% of the respondents used CAM with herbal products (54.4%), ceragem (16.7%), and massage (12.3%) as the most widely used types. CAM use was found to significantly decrease adherence to prescribed diabetes medication (P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis suggested that the predictors of low adherence were CAM used [adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) 6.16; 2.44-15.52], gender (ORadj2.57; 1.05-6.31), and age (ORadj4.25; 1.53-11.31). Conclusions: CAM use decreased adherence to prescribed medication in T2DM patients. Gender and age were also associated with adherence. Instead of ignoring CAM use among patients, health professionals should have increased awareness and better training about CAM so that they can provide patients with relevant information and assist them in their decision-making regarding CAM use.
Ecotypes of Aquatic Plant Vallisneria americana Tolerate Different Salinity Concentrations

Increased salinity caused by saltwater intrusion or runoff from de-icing salts can severely affect freshwater vegetation and deteriorate aquatic ecosystems. These habitats can be restored with freshwater ecotypes (locally adapted populations) that tolerate above-normal salinity. Vallisneria americana is a prominent species in many freshwater ecosystems that responds differently to abiotic conditions such as substrate composition and fertility, so, in this study, we evaluated the effects of salt stress on 24 ecotypes of V. americana. Instant Ocean aquarium salt was used to create saline solutions (0.2 to 20.0 parts per thousand (ppt)), then plants were abruptly exposed to these solutions and maintained in these concentrations for five weeks before being visually assessed for quality and destructively harvested. Analysis of variance and nonlinear regression were used to calculate LC50 values—the lethal concentration of salt that reduced plant biomass and quality by 50% compared to control treatment. Growth rate and visual quality varied significantly among ecotypes, and ecotypes that were most and least sensitive to salt had 50% biomass reductions at 0.47 and 9.10 ppt, respectively. All ecotypes survived 10.0 ppt salinity concentration but none survived at 20.0 ppt, which suggests that the maximum salinity concentration tolerated by these ecotypes is between 15.0 and 20.0 ppt.
Avian community composition and West Nile Virus amplification in Atlanta , GA

Avian community composition and West Nile Virus amplification in Atlanta, GA By Christopher Hoover Since first being detected in the United States in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has become the most common vector-borne virus in the country. The environment to which it was introduced included the amplifying hosts – birds of the order Passeriformes – and vectors – mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex– necessary for the virus to spread. In the U.S. outbreaks of WNV periodically occur in cities across the country in the late summer months, with peaks occurring in July or August, and urbanization has been shown to increase the risk of WNV exposure both in birds and in people. To investigate the role of urbanization on avian community structure and the subsequent impact on avian communities’ ability to amplify WNV, we estimated community reservoir competence and reproductive rates of avian communities using data collected in two parks, two residential areas, and two forest patches in urban Atlanta, GA. We found that forested habitats were poor at amplifying the virus as evidenced by low seroprevalence rates (13.40%) compared to parks (29.90%) and residential areas (34.13%), but obtained insufficient bloodfed mosquitoes to investigate them further. We found that American Robins were the main contributors to amplification in parks whereas Northern Cardinals contributed the most to amplification in residential areas. Furthermore, we estimate the Cardinal-driven residential habitat to be more suited to WNV amplification (R0=2.01, average of both years tested) than Robin-dominant system in parks (R0= 1.38). A variety of other avian species including Blue Jays, House Finches, Common Grackles, and Song Sparrows were also important to amplification depending on the habitat and year tested, indicating that amplification in urban Atlanta is not reliant on a single species such as the American Robin as has been suggested in other urban areas across the eastern United States. Avian community composition and West Nile Virus amplification in Atlanta, GA
Oral Lesions: PoorMarkers of Virologic Failure in HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy

1 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA Department of Behavioral Science, e University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St., Unit 1330, CPB3.3202, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA Department of Predoctoral General Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA 7 Sparkman Center for Global Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
Navigating between Tea and Rubber in Xishuangbanna, China: When New Crops Fail and Old Ones Work

Following the massive expansion of rubber plantations in China, considerable research has been conducted on the impact of these landscape changes. The general consensus is that there have been negative impacts on the environment and positive impacts on local economies. However, since rubber prices dropped after 2011, the economic benefit to the local people is challenged and the impact on the local people and communities remains unclear. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, this longitudinal study investigates how the drop in rubber prices has affected a local community and the local people in Manlin, Xishuangbanna, China. It investigates local coping strategies and the importance of alternative income sources and shows how differentiated access to alternative lands creates increased economic inequality within the village when prices fluctuate. Three general coping strategies were identified amongst local rubber farmers: doing business as usual, changing rubber management practices, and stopping- or decreasing tapping frequency. Differences in coping strategies are linked to factors including access to alternative income sources and rubber perceptions. Moreover, households with access to tea land were found to have experienced negligible impacts of decreasing rubber prices as income from tea has increased more than income from rubber has decreased, leading to increasing intra-village economic inequality. We conclude that while this is a clear case of how income diversification is important for reducing livelihood vulnerability, it also shows that the large focus on rubber farming has created benefits in terms of improved infrastructure and connectivity that has helped expand the market for tea as well.
(Evidence from Damot Pulasa District, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia)

Coping with increased population and running a profitable venture are major problems in developing countries of which Ethiopia is one. In Ethiopia, agriculture is leading sector in meeting these big concerns and maize is one of the most important crops in the country. Thus the main objective of this study was to analyze profit efficiency of maize production among smallholder famers and to assess the effects of socio-economic variables on the profit inefficiency in Damot pulasa district; wolayta zone of SNNPRS. Data for the study were collected using the multi-stage sampling technique, and administering structured questionnaires to a total of 246 randomly selected respondents from five kebeles. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and econometric models. The study employed translog stochastic frontier profit function model. The results showed that profit efficiencies of the farmers varied widely between 24.6% and 99% with a mean of 78.4% suggesting that an estimated 21.6% of the profit was lost due to a combination of both technical and allocative ineffiaciencies in maize production. From the inefficiency model, it was found that education; experience, extension, soil conservation practice, credit service, non-farm employment and access to markets were significant factors influencing profit efficiency. This implies that profit inefficiency in maize production can be reduced significantly with improvement in the level of education of sampled farmers. As maize is one of the most important staple foods of great socioeconomic value in the study area, an improvement in the understanding of the level of profitability can greatly aid policy makers in enhancing policies that will promote profitability in production of the crop. In addition, acquisition of formal education, improving rural financial markets and strengthening the existing extension services were recommended to improve profitability in maize production in the area. Furthermore, the study will go a long way to help other researchers and research institutions in further research for more effective combinations of resources for better efficiencies as well as increase output and productivity in the farming business, it would also help the government, policy makers and other donor agencies in planning, designing and formulations of agricultural programs that would tend towards increase resource, resource availability as well as affordability.
Blood pressure profile, urinary sodium and body weight in the 'Oraon' rural and urban tribal community.

Abstract Blood pressure and nutritional profiles in the 'Oraon' tribal community of India living in rural and urban areas were studied between 1981-85 after a house to house survey of 4523 rural tribal people (RT) and 935 of their urban tribal counterparts (UT). Prevalence of hypertension was found to be 4.8/1000 males and 4.3/1000 females in rural tribal group giving an overall rate of 4.6/1000. In contrast the same were 27.1/1000 males and 21.4/1000 females in UT group, overall rate being 25.6/1000. Average calorie consumption were 1750 and 2280 and mean 24 hour-urinary sodium excretions 58 and 118 milliequivalents in RT and UT groups respectively. Of the total of 21 subjects in RT and 24 in UT detected to be hypertensive, 7 had common family inheritance. Increased mean arterial pressure correlated with increased sodium consumption and body weight. Hypertensives from both the groups showed higher urinary sodium excretion (P < 0.05). This epidemiologic study proves the role of a genetic factor/defect complicated by higher salt consumption in causation of increased blood pressure.
O-034 Carotid Artery Angioplasty versus Stenting in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Introduction Acute ischemic stroke secondary to cervical carotid artery occlusion can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Acute carotid occlusion may be managed by carotid angioplasty, stenting, or both. The use of carotid stents requires patients to be placed on dual antiplatelet agents, which may contribute to increased haemorrhage risk. We undertook this study to evaluate outcomes for angioplasty alone versus stenting in the setting of acute carotid occlusion. Methods All patients treated from 2008 to 2013 with acute cervical internal carotid artery occlusions that had intervention within eight hours of symptom onset were included. NIHSS were recorded preceding intervention, and clinical outcomes were assessed using mRS at 90 days. All imaging and angiographic data were reviewed for pre-procedural ASPECT scores, pre- and post- TICI reperfusion scores, and intracranial haemorrhage as defined by PH grading score for haemorrhage. Demographic and treatment factors were correlated with good functional outcome (mRS < 2 at 90 days and a comparison was made for patients undergoing angioplasty alone versus stenting. All patients who underwent carotid stent were placed on dual antiplatelet agents while angioplasty patients received aspirin only. Results Twenty-four patients (15 males, 9 females; mean age, 67 years) satisfied the inclusion criteria. Seventeen patients underwent placement of carotid stent and 7 patients had angioplasty alone. Patients in both subgroups were comparable across characteristics including comorbidities, time for onset to recanalization, ASPECTS, and IV tPA use. 35% of patients who underwent stenting had good functional outcomes, versus 71% of patients treated with angioplasty alone, although these differences were not statistically significant. No differences were seen for the two treatment groups comparing time from onset to recanalization, baseline ASPECTS, and IV tPA use. Additionally, increased age (p = 0.049) and post-treatment parenchymal haemorrhage- PH1 or PH2 (p = 0.016) correlated with poor outcomes (mRS > 2). All parenchymal haemorrhages (6/17) and deaths (5/17) fell within the stenting subgroup (35.3% and 29.4%, respectively). Conclusions This data suggest that patients undergoing angioplasty alone in the setting of acute internal carotid artery occlusion may have improved functional outcome at 90-day compared to those undergoing stenting. This study was limited by a small sample size and a larger study would be needed to confirm these findings. Keywords angioplasty, stenting, acute ischemic stroke, carotid occlusion. Disclosures O. Choudhri: None. M. Gupta: None. A. Feroze: None. G. Albers: None. M. Lansberg: None. H. Do: None. R. Dodd: None. M. Marcellus: None. M. Marks: None.
SIM: smart irrigation from soil moisture forecast using satellite and hydro –meteorological modelling

(1) Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy, (2) Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands (3) Chinese Academy of Science, RADI-CAS, Beijing, China (4) University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Majorca, Spain (5) University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (6) Modellistica e Monitoraggio Idrologico, Milan, Italy (7) Meteo Operations Italia – Centro Epson Meteo, Milan, Italy (8) Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, (9) CREA, Rome, Italy
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212

Enterococcus faecalis can withstand harsh environmental conditions in the root canal and cause a secondary infection. Myrmecodia pendens is an herbal medicine rich in polyphenol compounds that have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Objectives: To analyze the effects of M. pendens fraction combination on the sensitivity of E. faecalis. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a serial microdilution method, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by adding the test sample to sterile Mueler Hinton agar medium. Results: The MIC of combination 1 (hexane-ethyl acetate, HE) was 0.049 mg/mL, whereas those of combinations 2 (hexane-water, HA) and 3 (ethyl acetate-water, EA) were 0.098 and 0.390 mg/ mL, respectively. The MIC of NaOCl was 0.390 mg/mL, and that of methanol extract was 0.390 mg/mL. The MBC of combination 1 (HE) was 12.50 mg/mL, whereas that of combinations 2 (HA) and 3 (EA) was 50 mg/mL. The MBC of NaOCl was 25 mg/mL and that of methanol extract was 50 mg/mL against E. faecalis. This study showed that fraction combinations increase the antibacterial effect of M. pendens against E. faecalis ATCC 29212. Conclusion: The HE fraction combination showed the best effect against E. faecalis and can be developed as an alternative endodontic irrigant.
Second-line Drug Resistance Characterization in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Genotype MTBDRsl Assay

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a main hurdle for national programs due to increase in drug resistance to antitubercular drugs. World Health Organization (WHO)-endorsed Line Probe Assay, Genotype MTBDRsl Ver 2.0, gives opportunity for rapid diagnosis and molecular characterization of different mutations in drug targets of fluoroquinolone (FQ) and second-line injectable drugs (SLID). We, retrospectively, analyzed the data of Genotype MTBDRsl Ver 2.0 from January 2018 to June 2018. A total of 863 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 687 rifampicin resistant and 176 isoniazid resistant only, were screened for drug resistance in FQ and SLID. All the isolates were tested for Genotype MTBDRsl Ver 2.0 according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The FQ and SLID resistance were detected in 295 (34.2%) and 70 (8.1%) isolates, respectively. Among newly diagnosed and follow-up rifampicin-resistant TB (RR TB) patients, the FQ resistance was 25.8% and 44.5%, respectively. The most common mutation (42.7%) in FQ-resistant isolates was MUT3C in gyrA gene. Both SLID and FQ resistance were detected in 59 (6.8%) RR TB isolates. The mono SLID resistance was detected in 12 (1.7%) isolates of RR TB. Genotype MTBDRsl Ver 2.0 assay is a rapid and important tool for the diagnosis and molecular characterization of second-line drug resistance under programmatic conditions.
The Efficacy of Er:YAG Laser on Intrapulpal Temperature Rise of Class V Cavity Preparation

The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of class V Er:YAG laser (2940 nm) cavity preparation and conventional bur cavity preparation regarding Intrapulpal temperature rise during cavity preparation in extracted human premolar teeth. Twenty non carious premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were used and class V cavity preparation was applied both buccal and lingual sides for each tooth . Samples were equally grouped into two major groups according to cavity depth (1mm and 2mm). Each major group was further subdivided into two subgroupsof ten teeth for each (twenty cavities for each subgroup). TwinlightEr:YAG laser (2940 nm) with 500mJ pulse energy, P.R. R of 10 Hz and 63.69 J/cm 2 energy density was used.The analysis of the data collected revealed that there was highly significant difference between subgroups of each group, i.e., (Er:YAG laser and conventional bur cavity preparation). Also there was a highly significant difference between both group1 and group 2 subgroups (with 1mm and 2mm cavity depth). Best results were obtained from subgroup A which represents class V cavities prepared using Er:YAG laser with energy density of 63.69 J/cm 2 . Er:YAG laser cavity preparation with energy density of 63.69 J/cm 2 was less temperature rise than conventional bur cavity preparation taking into account the invitro temperature rise of class V cavity preparation.
CREATES Research Paper 2008-20 Headlights on tobacco road to low birthweight outcomes Evidence from a battery of quantile regression estimators and a heterogeneous panel

Low birthweight outcomes are associated with considerable social and economic costs, and therefore the possible determinants of low birthweight are of great interest. One such determinant which has received considerable attention is maternal smoking. From an economic perspective this is in part due to the possibility that smoking habits can be influenced through policy conduct. It is widely believed that maternal smoking reduces birthweight; however, the crucial difficulty in estimating such effects is the unobserved heterogeneity among mothers and the fact that estimation of conditional mean effects seems potentially inappropriate. We provide a unified view on the estimation of relationships between prenatal smoking and birthweight outcomes with quantile regression approaches for panel data and emphasize their differences. This paper contributes to the literature in three ways: i) we focus not only on one technique, but provide evidence from several approaches and highlight a variety of statistical issues; ii) the performance of the methods are thoroughly tested in a simulated environment, and recommendations are given on their appropriate use; iii) our results are based on a detailed data set, which includes many relevant control variables for socio-economic, wealth and personal characteristics.
Bacterial Diversity in the Intestinal Mucosa of Dysbiosis Diarrhea Mice Treated with Qiweibaizhu Powder

The current research tried to explore the effect of Qiweibaizhu powder (QWBZP) on the bacterial diversity and community structure of the intestinal mucosa of dysbiosis diarrhea mice and provide a scientific basis for the efficacy of QWBZP on antibiotic-induced diarrhea. A dysbiosis diarrhea mouse model was constructed with broad-spectrum antibiotics through a mixture of cephradine capsules and gentamicin sulfate (23.33 mL·kg−1·d−1). Intestinal mucosa was collected, and DNA was extracted from each group. The bacterial characteristics in intestinal mucosa were analyzed by MiSeq sequencing based on the 16S rRNA sequencing platform. There were no significant differences in alpha diversity indices among the three groups. The sample distributions in both the normal and QWBZP groups were relatively concentrated, and the distance among individuals was close. However, an opposite result was obtained in the model group. Furthermore, the composition and abundance of species were similar between the normal group and the QWBZP group at both the phylum and genus levels. After treatment with QWBZP, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased, and Proteobacteria decreased, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio decreased to a normal level. Our results indicate that QWBZP can help repair mucosal bacterial structure and recover mucosal microbiota. Specifically, QWBZP increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bacteroidales S24-7 group norank.