Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Larval Fish Habitats and Deoxygenation in the Northern Limit of the Oxygen Minimum Zone off Mexico

The present state of deoxygenation in the northern limits of the shallow oxygen minimum zone off Mexico is examined in order to detect its effects on larval ﬁ sh habitats and consider the sensitivity of ﬁ sh larvae to decreased dissolved oxygen. A series of cruises between 2000 and 2017 indicated a signi ﬁ cant vertical expansion of low oxygen waters. The upper limit of suboxic conditions (<4.4 μ mol/kg) has risen ~100 m at 19.5°N off Cabo Corrientes and ~50 m at 25°N in the mouth of the Gulf of California. The larval habitat distribution was related to the geographic variability of dissolved oxygen and water masses between these two latitudes. One recurrent larval habitat, with Bregmaceros bathymaster larvae as the indicator species, extended throughout the water column off Cabo Corrientes from Subtropical Subsurface Water (suboxic conditions) to the surface (220 μ mol/kg). The second recurrent habitat was located between the oxycline (>44 μ mol/kg) and the surface in association with the Gulf of California Water, with Benthosema panamense as the indicator species. During the warm El Niño event of 2015 – 2016, a tropical larval ﬁ sh habitat ( Auxis spp.) associated with Tropical Surface Water appeared to change the larval habitat distributions. These results indicate that some species are resilient to changes of
In Silico Design and Evaluation of scFv-CdtB as a Novel Immunotoxin for Breast Cancer Treatment

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among the female population, and about 15% to 20% of patients with breast cancer is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive. The current cancer treatment methods such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are not sufficiently effective in decreasing mortality rates; however, immunotherapy is a novel approach in the treatment of cancer that is more efficient and less harmful to the body. Anti-cancer immunotoxins are chimeric molecules containing two parts, namely the immuno part, which is an antibody or a binding segment of antibody, and toxin part, which is a killer toxin molecule.ObjectivesIn this study, we sought to design a novel immunotoxin, including the anti-HER2 receptor, trastuzumab, derived from a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) with a connection to the functional part of Campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin (Cj-CdtB). MethodsThe chimeric protein’s physicochemical properties, solubility, and secondary structure were analyzed, using ProtParam, PROSO II, and GORV, respectively. A three-dimensional (3D) model was built, using I-TASSER and refined, using GalaxyRefine. The model’s structure was evaluated before and after refinement, using PROCHECK and RAMPAGE. The AlgPred server was employed to predict immunotoxin allergenicity, and mRNA stability was evaluated by RNAfold. Finally, the immunotoxin and HER2 were docked, using ZDOCK.ResultsAnalysis showed that the chimeric protein could be a stable and soluble protein and the secondary structure of its parts would not change and the protein had a robust 3D structure that might have a stable mRNA structure and could bind to HER2 receptor.ConclusionsThe designed immunotoxin was a stable and soluble protein with the ability to bind to HER2 receptors, making it an appropriate immunotoxin candidate for breast cancer treatment. The results of the current work could be useful for future experimental studies.
Acute myeloid leukemia presenting as pancytopenia—a rare case -

Pancytopenia is a diagnostic dilemma that can be caused in several conditions. Patients with pancytopenia should be evaluated thoroughly to find the causative factors using detailed clinical history and investigations. While megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, and infections are common causes of pancytopenia, marrow space occupying lesions are rare causes of it. We present a case of an elderly patient with pancytopenia and no immature cells on peripheral smear. His bone marrow aspiration and biopsy studies along with immunophenotyping suggested a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia.
The Effect of Economic and Fundamental Factors on the Australian Property Performance

This study examines the effect of the trade weighted index (TWI) return on the volatility of Australian Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). This study also contributes to the existing literature by measuring the impact of the macroeconomics and fundamental factors on the real estate market for three major states in Australia including New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. Using monthly house and unit prices and covering the period from 2009 to 2016, this research uses both fixed and random effect panel data models and the vector autoregressive (VAR) model. The findings of the study suggest that the movement of the TWI has positive and statistically significant impact on Australian REITs suggesting the real estate investors expect risk premium on exchange rate factor. The results also purport that both house and unit prices in Australia are exposed to the fluctuations of the fundamental risk factors. Rental yield, a return component, has a positive relationship with the real estate market in New South Wales and Queensland. The findings of the study provide significant insight to the investors in their portfolio formation since they have the understanding of the priced risk factors.
A study of empathy across students from 4 health disciplines among 1st years and Final years.

Aim and Objectives: This cross-sectional study examines the self-reported empathy levels of undergraduate students especially among 1st years and final years in four different health sciences disciplines.Background: Empathy is a central component in effective healthcare provider-patient relationships, yet evidence exists that healthcare professions students lack empathy. The highest mean empathy scores on entry to university were noted . A questionnaire with 20 questions are issued to the students and finally the mean empathy scores are noted among medical, nursing, physiotherapy and dental students achieving statistical significance. Reason: This study aims at expanding the current understanding of empathy and what may influence empathy levels in students planning to enter healthcare.
Obesity Epidemic, Medical and Quality of Life Consequences: A Review

Obesity is excessive body weight that leads to bad health. The scourge of obesity is a serious public health problem that has reached epidemic proportions in both developed and developing countries. The epidemic has to be addressed and given serious attention because of its medical, health, economic and quality of life consequences at local, national and global levels. Besides the high cost of treating obesity or associated diseases, there is loss of work productivity and loss of earning power as well as loss of quality of life in people living with excessive weight gain and obesity. This paper will address the growing obesity epidemic and its various consequences. It will review several published studies as well as some unpublished anecdotal reports on the consequences of obesity in different populations. It is hoped that this review may contribute in raising awareness on the burden of obesity; it may also stimulate interest in weight management and inspire some individuals to take action to control their excessive body weight. In addition, discussion of the consequences may act as a deterrent or wakeup call in those individuals who are complacent and unrestrained in their dietary consumption, or those who feel unconcerned by their excessive body weight. Highlighting the serious consequences of obesity may also ignite the public to take action to curb the epidemic and improve the lives of people living with this chronic disease. The collaborative efforts of government, industry, health professionals, nutritionists as well as affected individuals will help to reduce the obesity epidemic, minimize its consequences and ensure good health and wellness in many populations.
Identifying the Causal Role of CO2 during the Ice Ages

We investigate past climate variability over the Ice Ages, where a simultaneous-equations system is developed to characterize land ice volume, temperature and atmospheric CO2 levels as non-linear functions of measures of the Earthâ€™s orbital path round the Sun. Although the orbital variables were first theorised as the fundamental causes of glacial variation by Croll in 1875 following Agassizâ€™s conception of a â€˜Great Ice Ageâ€™ in 1840, their minor variations were thought insufficient to drive such major changes, especially the relative rapidity of shifts between glacial and warmer periods. The changes over the ice ages in atmospheric CO2 closely matched changes in land ice volumes, and since temperature changes are in turn affected by CO2 and also closely tracked ice volumes, a key identification issue is the causal role of CO2 in the process. As any links between CO2 and temperature above the forces from the orbital drivers (which of course are still operating) must have been natural ones hundreds of thousands of years ago, understanding their interactions at that time is important now that additional CO2 emissions are anthropogenic. We develop a simultaneous equation system over the last 800,000 years that allows a test of the role of CO2 as endogenously driven by the orbital variations, or an â€˜exogenousâ€™ influence as it now is.
The essence of professional development experience from the perspective of English teachers in private schools in the UAE

This study aimed at exploring the essence of professional development experience from the perspective of English teachers in private schools in the UAE. To achieve the goal of the study an explanatory mixed method design was used. In the first phase of the study, English teachers (n=200) responded to Professional Development Questionnaire of English Teachers (PDQET). The second phase of the study featured a qualitative method by interviewing a few participants (n=10) from the initial pool sample in the first phase of the study. The study also looked at the English teachers’ ranking of professional development models in terms of their actual availability, preference and motivation. The results gleaned from qualitative data helped in explaining the quantitative data. In general the participants perceived professional development experience positively as the Efficacy Category (M= 3.78) ranked first among all professional development categories. The results gleaned from the survey gleaned that teachers seek out PD opportunities to enhance their instructional abilities (37.5%), equip themselves with the latest in the field (30%), and enhance their students’ learning (28%). However, a small percentage of teachers (3%) disclosed that they seek professional development to impress their principals (1.5%). This reflects that English teachers in private schools are intrinsically motivated to pursue professional development. Moreover, the study revealed most English teachers (42%) employed in private schools preferred workshops to other professional development models. The study highlighted key issues pertinent to English teachers’ professional development and it gives some recommendation for professional development implementation practices and some venues for future research.
Interplay between Fluid Extraction Mechanisms and Antigorite Dehydration Reactions (Val Malenco, Italian Alps)

We investigate the feedback between antigorite dehydration reactions and fluid extraction mechanisms through the analysis of field-scale structures and microtextures formed by antigorite dehydration reactions producing olivine and talc in the Bergell intrusion contact aureole at Alpe Zocca (Malenco Unit, Northern Italy). The reactions, which resulted in the replacement of serpentinites by metaperidotites, occurred under quasi-static conditions. The main reaction front, which defines the equilibrium isograd, is an ∼150 m wide zone composed of variably reacted rocks with an irregular distribution at scales ranging from a few centimeters to a few meters. Veins composed of the prograde mineral assemblage occur downstream (<100 m) of this front. They are often surrounded by centimeter- to decimeter-scale dehydration reaction zones that propagate into the serpentinite wall-rock. Olivine in the metaperidotites and partially reacted serpentinites has a crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) correlated with the antigorite CPO, with [010]Ol axes parallel to [001]Atg. This CPO is accompanied by a shape-preferred orientation (SPO) that marks the foliation in both rock types. Olivine crystals in Ol–Tlc dehydration veins also have SPO and CPO that define a jackstraw texture within the plane of the vein. They are elongated parallel to [001] within the vein plane and have their [010]Ol axes normal to the vein. We interpret the olivine–talc assemblage in the veins as resulting from dehydration reactions at lower temperature than the equilibrium conditions owing to fluid extraction from the wall-rock into the veins. The jackstraw texture indicates fast kinetics, with the crystal orientation controlled by anisotropic growth under a fluid pressure gradient. We interpret the foliated metaperidotites as formed at near equilibrium conditions, with pervasive fluid extraction from the metaperidotite by viscous metamorphic compaction. Olivine CPO in these rocks may result from topotaxy, oriented growth in the presence of an anisotropic (foliation-controlled) fluid flow, and/or solid reorientation of the anisometric olivine crystals accommodated by the deformation of the weaker talc (± chlorite) matrix during compaction.
Comparison of Capillary and Schirmer Strip Tear Fluid Sampling Methods Using SWATH-MS Proteomics Approach

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the protein profile differences between capillary and Schirmer strip tear fluid samples. Methods Both capillary and Schirmer strip tear samples were collected from 31 healthy participants at the same visit, and the samples were analyzed with nanoflow liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometer (NanoLC-MSTOF), implementing a sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS). Sample type-specific and combined spectral libraries were used to evaluate the differences between the sample types in protein expression levels and biological functions. Results In proportion, more extracellular proteins connected to immune response were quantified from the capillary samples while Schirmer strip samples contained more intracellular proteins. The sample types yielded similar counts of quantified proteins when a combined spectral library including both sample types was implemented. The differential expression analysis between the sample types identified proteins increased in the capillary samples (e.g., immunoglobulins) and Schirmer strip samples (e.g., heat-shock proteins, annexins, and S100 proteins). Conclusions Tear proteomics data originating from the same participants vary depending on whether the sample is collected with capillary or Schirmer strip, although there is also overlap between the two sample types when a combined spectral library is implemented in the SWATH-MS analysis. In discovery-based proteomics research of tear fluid, appropriate sampling method should be chosen carefully based on the research focus. Translational Relevance Currently, there is no consensus on how the tear fluid sampling methods affect the resulting proteomics data, and hence, identification of the most suitable sampling methods for clinical researchers with varying research interests is important.
Web-Based Intervention Effects on Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Apolipoprotein E Genotype: Quasi-Experimental Study

Background Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Computer-based training programs can improve cognitive performance in elderly populations. However, the effects of computer-based interventions on MCI APOE ε4 carriers have never been studied before. Objective The effects of different web-based interventions and the APOE isoform-specific differences in training outcomes are investigated. Methods Using a quasi-experimental study design, 202 participants with MCI aged 60 years and older took part in three different intervention programs (physical and cognitive [Long-Lasting Memories, or LLM], cognitive [Active Control, or AC], or physical intervention [Physical Training Control, or PTC]) via an innovative information and communication technologies exergaming platform. Participants in each interventional group were subdivided into APOE ε4 carriers and non–APOE ε4 carriers. All participants underwent an extensive neuropsychological evaluation before and after the training, blood tests, and brain imaging. Results All interventions resulted in multiple statistically significant cognitive benefits after the intervention. Verbal learning (California Verbal Learning Test: immediate recall test score—LLM: P=.04; AC: P<.001), working memory (digit span forward and backward test scores—AC: P=.03; PTC: P=.02 and P=.006, respectively), and long-term memory (California Verbal Learning Test: delayed recall test score—LLM: P=.02; AC: P=.002; and PTC: P=.02) were improved. There was no statistically significant difference among the intervention effects. APOE ε4 presence moderates intervention effects as the LLM intervention improved only their task-switching processing speed (Trail Making Test, Part B: P=.03) and the PTC intervention improved only the working memory (digit span backward: P=.03). No significant performance alteration was noted for the APOE ε4+ cognitive AC training group. Conclusions None of the applied interventions could be identified as the optimal one; it is suggested, however, that combined cognitive and physical training and physical training via exergaming may be more effective for the high-risk MCI ΑPOE ε4+ subgroup.
TECHNICAL NOTES Postpartum Concentrations of Thyroxine in Plasma of Dairy Cows

Concentrations of thyroxine in blood plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay in 32 dairy cows postpartum and during estrous cycles. Mean concentrations of thyroxine declined from 1 to 2 days postpartum to 5 or 6 days postpartum. Concentrations of thyroxine remained low at 7 to 10 days postpartum and during the first estrous cycle. During subsequent estrous cycles concentrations of thyroxine were elevated to those 1 or 2 days postpartum.
Gender identity: Exploring struggles & school support among New Zealand senior secondary students

This research was undertaken with an intention to contribute to the existing literature and research on issues related to struggles and support for gender diverse students in New Zealand secondary schools. Gender diversity is a classification of individuals who do not see themselves as just male or female. LGBTQIA [lesbians, gays, bisexual, transgender and Queer] has been an acronym used to describe individuals of alternative lifestyles. The main objective of this study was to investigate in-depth to understand the positive and negative experiences of gender diverse students in New Zealand Secondary schools. A qualitative research approach was utilised and pragmatics as the research paradigm, as the focus was on the experiences of the learners and view of the teachers. Semi-structured interviews were used as this is regarded as a process of in-depth inquiry which has generated detailed descriptions. The outcomes of this research have been in line with the current and existing literature related to the experiences of gender diverse students in secondary schools in New Zealand. A review of existing literature indicates that gender diverse students are subjected to negative academic and social experiences such as verbal slurs, emotional harassment and abuse. Further, the disengagement of the curriculum and the support of the teachers in schools. The positive indication of this research was the support of the heterosexual students and teachers in the school however, there is a need for more support. It is recommended from this research that the school needs to provide professional development for its teachers and design their curriculum to create equality in the school.
The effect of using negative knowledge based intelligent tutoring system evaluator software to the academic success in English language education

ABSTRACT This research was conducted to determine the effects of the using negative knowledge-based Intelligent Teaching System (ITS) evaluator software in the assessment and evaluation processes of English Teaching as a Foreign language. Experimental design with the pretest-posttest control group was used in this study. The study group consists of 67 students who are studying at the Vocational College of Technical Sciences located in Canakkale/Turkey. In this study, educational evaluator software based on correcting misconceptions developed by the researcher was used within the education process only in the experimental group. At the end of the fifth week following the 4-week experimental procedure, the academic achievement of the students was determined by a posttest. As a result, it was found to be a significant difference [t(33) = −7.13, p < . 05] between the pretest-posttest academic achievement of the experimental group. In addition, there was no significant difference [t(65) = −1.15, p > . 05] between the pretest scores of the experimental and control groups. There was a significant difference [t(65) = −2.25, p < . 05] in posttest scores’ of control and experimental group students. As a result, using knowledge-based ITS evaluator software increased academic achievement much more than traditional education.
Bias, its minimization or circumvention to simplify internal quality assurance

Abstract Several concepts of analytical bias and remedies to minimize bias have been suggested with the ultimate goal to disregard it. Short-term bias (within one control cycle) should be treated as a random error if it is less than the permissible limits. Long-term bias should be eliminated if it is known or circumvented by estimating intra-laboratory reference limits (RLs). Consequently, analytical uncertainty could be reduced to permissible imprecision. Then, models combining imprecision and bias would become irrelevant, and the numerical value of total analytical error would become identical with imprecision. The purpose of the present report is to simplify quality assurance schemes considerably by disregarding bias either by estimating RLs or by verifying the applied reference limits (checking the transferability) as requested by ISO and CLSI.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF MICROALBLUMINURIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OF NEPAL

Background: Microalbuminuria is an indicator of diabetic nephropathy as well as a marker for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of microalbuminiuria and identify the associated risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in a private hospital of Nepal. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was used for the collection of data. The study sample consists of 282 type 2 diabetes patients who met the inclusion criteria. The study was conducted for a duration of 3 months from July, 2014 to September, 2014 at the Endocrine Department of Alka Hospital Pvt. Ltd., Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review board of Alka Hospital. Results: A total of 363 patients were included in this study.Microalbuminuria was observed in 35.5% of the patients who met the inclusion criteria of the study. Parameters such as duration of diabetes and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in patients with microalbuminuria as compared to those with normoalbuminuria. Conclusion: A high prevalence of microalbuminuria was observed in patients with diabetes. Early screening and detection of patients with diabetes is thus essential to reduce the future consequences of chronic kidney diseases.