Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of resistant, relapsed, and neglected clubfoot

From virgin to neglected clubfoot, situations are variable and strategies different when surgery is necessary. If conservative treatment is no longer effective, surgery should be considered. Mini-invasive surgery is a complementary procedure to nonoperative treatment (surgery “à la carte”). Conservative treatment reduces but does not eliminate the need for mini-invasive surgical procedures. Resistant clubfeet are those not fully respondent to standard methods of orthopaedic treatment. Relapsed clubfeet are those patients with a history of soft-tissue releases followed by a rapid relapse. Neglected clubfeet are those resulting from failure to treat the deformity at birth or in early infancy or to provide adequate treatment during infancy and early childhood. Relapsed and neglected clubfeet are some of the most difficult pediatric orthopaedic problems to treat. Every effort should be made to prevent them from occurring. The purpose of this work is to present an overview of treatment options for resistant, relapsed, and neglected clubfoot.
Evaluation of computer-assisted digital microscopes for evaluation of blood films1)

Abstract Currently, automated microscopes are increasingly entering clinical and private labs, making necessary a critical review of their performance. Within two trials, the two most advanced systems were compared with a hematology analyzer, a manual whole blood differential and an immunophenotypic approach. The diverse handling of nuclear shadows leads to the largest differences, followed by different classification schemes for lymphocytes and judgement of red cells and platelets. The implementation of these instruments into hematological step by step diagnostic schemes will be discussed. Because of poor low count statistics, an automated hematology analyzer differential and an immunological differential were included for comparison.
Diamminedichloroplatinuin(II)1'2

When NovikofT hepatoma-bearing rats were given injections of a therapeutic dose of cM-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (rA²-DDP) (7 mg/ kg), DNA-protein cross-links could be detected by using antisera to dehistonized chromatin, nuclear matrix, or Novikoff hepatoma i->(Â»skel etal preparation. The extent of cross-linking increased in time up to 24 h after the injection, after which time the DNA-protein cross-links were gradually repaired, with no cross-links detectable at 72 h. trans-OOP in equitoxic (40 mg/kg) dose was very efficient in forming DNA-protein cross-links. Although formed more rapidly, these rraiw-DDP-mediated cross-links were repaired faster, within 48 h after the injection. The repair of cross-links at equimolar trans-OOP dose (7 mg/kg) was even more rapid. The principal proteins cross-linked to the DNA by both cisor trans-OOP were Novikoff hepatoma cytokeratins (M, 39,000, 49,000, 56,000, and an additional protein band reacting with the antiserum to Novikoff hepatoma cytoskeletal preparation at M, -68,000).
Vision and expertise for interceptive actions in sport.

Exquisite visually-guided movements underpin expertise in fast interceptive sports. The assumption that skilled performance relies on superior visual skills has been challenged by studies of sporting expertise which typically advocate vision to be a poor predictor of sporting success. This discordance is addressed in this thesis by examining whether visual degradation (in the form of blur) affects the performance of an interceptive action where successful execution demands precise spatial and temporal visual-motor control. The vision of skilled cricket batters was blurred using contact lenses (four increasing levels: plano, +1.00, +2.00, +3.00) in each of two experimental phases. In the first phase batters faced a bowling-machine and in-situ bowlers to examine the effect of blur on bat-ball interception. The highest level of blur (+3.00) was required to produce a significant decrease in batting performance when facing the bowling-machine at medium-paced ball-velocities (105-115 kph). A similar effect of blur was found when facing in-situ bowlers of comparable ball-velocity, however performance was found to be affected by a lower level of blur (+2.00) for faster-paced ball-velocities (120-130 kph). The +1.00 blur was concluded even at this higher ball-velocity to have no measurable effect on interceptive performance in a natural setting. The second phase sought to investigate the effect of blur on anticipation: a perceptual skill established to be an important component of expertise in many interceptive sports. It was established, using temporal occlusion of a bowling sequence, that optimal anticipation required an opportunity for bat-ball interception (facilitating close coupling between perception and action). Coupled anticipation demonstrated velocity-dependent resilience to blur; +3.00 and +2.00 were required for respective decreases in the anticipation of actionsequences for mediumand fast-paced ball-velocities. Remarkably, results suggest that blur
Lower Urinary Tract Infections among Patients Diagnosed of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia in Federal Medical Centre, Bida, North Central, Nigeria

Objective: This study was aimed to identify the aetiology of bacteria associated with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolated organisms in the community. Study Design: Data were obtained from Medical Microbiology Department register from February 2009 through December 2013, and was exempted from ethical approval. Urine samples were collected from a total of 536 patients with indwelling urinary catheter on hospital admissions that were clinically diagnosed of BPH. Subjects were between the ages of 41 and 100 years. Data was coded, computed and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and p values ≤0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Original Research Article Akobi et al.; BJMMR, 14(7): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BJMMR. 23744 2 Results: Our research showed that the incidence of urinary tract infections in this study population was (62.5%), and statistically not significant (pvalue = 0.296, mean age=5.13, mode=4.00 and S.D ±2.03). Escherichia coli 247(67.7%) was the most prevalent uropathogen followed by Staphylococcus aureus 34(9.3%), Pseudomonas species 29(7.9%), Klebsiella species 10(2.7%), Proteus species 10(2.7%), Candida albicans 4(1.1%) and Staphylococcus albus 1(0.3%) being the least isolates. The highest uropathogen was susceptible to Nitrofurantoin (61.9%) followed by Levofloxacin (44.1%) and least susceptible to Gentamycin (12.1%), Nalidixic acid (12.1%), Augmentin (7.7%) and Ampicillin (0.4%). Conclusion: Our research showed high incidence rate of 62.5% of UTIs among patients with indwelling urinary catheter and diagnosed of benign prostate hyperplasia in our community. This is of serious concern to all stake holders in health industry.
Histopathologic patterns of malignant tumours of the oropharynx of the Jos University Teaching Hospital

Malignant tumours of the oropharynx are usually insidious and potentially life threatening. With increased association with risk factors in our environment, its incidence is gradually increasing. This study aim to describe the histopathologic patterns of malignant Oropharygeal tumours as seen in our institution. This is a descriptive retrospective study of all histhologically diagnosed malignant orpharyngeal tumours gotten from the Histopathology Department of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (J.U.T.H.), Jos within the period of study (January 2000 to December 2010). 62 oropharyngeal surgical biopsies were analysed out of which 22 were malignant lesions. Out of the 62 oropharygeal surgical biopsies, 22 (35.5%) were malignant; Males were commonest with 72.7% and females 27.3%. Age range was between 30 to 49 years and highest frequency in age range 50 to 59 years. Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the highest histologic type (63.6%). Followed by non Hogkins lymphomas (22.7%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (1.6%), respectively. Commonest histologic pattern is the squamous cell carcinoma (well differentiated). It is said to have a good prognosis thus early detection should be encouraged to reduce mobidity and mortality. Avoidance of risk factors should also be emphasized. Key words: Oropharynx, malignant tumours, histologic, Nigeria.
The Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil on Lipid Profile and Fasting Blood Sugar: A Phase I Clinical Trial

Background: Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is promoted as a dietary supplement for people with various ailments. However, there have been few formal scientific studies to validate its health benefits. Objective: To determine the effect of VCO on lipid profile, FBS, weight and body mass index (BMI) of healthy humans and evaluate its safety profile by determining effect on creatinine, potassium, AST, ALT and CBC Methods: Weight and height were obtained from 30 healthy males and BMI was computed on first visit. Baseline laboratories were taken: FBS, 2-hour glucose after 75 gram oral glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, creatinine, potassium, AST and ALT, and CBC. Each subject took VCO 15 mL t.i. d. before meals. After 6 weeks, repeat laboratory examinations were done. Weight was taken and BMI recomputed. Adverse events were reported. Results: There was significant increase in mean FBS (76.03, 6.62 mg/dl to 80.11, 9.04 mg/dl, p=0.024), significant decrease in HDL (47.58, 7.54 to 44.09, 7.10, p=0.028), significant increase in creatinine (76.44, 9.88 umol/L to 82.99, 11.29 umol/L, p = 0.0002) and platelet count (281.03, 52.6 x 109/L to 295.1, 58.06 x 109/L, p = 0.040) and significant decrease in WBC count (7.63, 1.74 x 109/L to 6.85, 1.5 x 109/L, p = 0.012). There was no effect on the rest of the laboratory examinations done. Twenty participants reported mild gastrointestinal (GI) complaints, including diarrhea (8), abdominal pain (3), diarrhea and abdominal pain (5), and diarrhea and vomiting (4). Conclusion: VCO significantly increases FBS and decreases HDL. VCO also increases creatinine and platelet count and decreases WBC count. Mild GI complaints were the most commonly reported adverse events. Further studies may be needed in order to validate the results of this exploratory study and elucidate the metabolic effects of VCO. Keywords: virgin coconut oil; metabolic effect; lipid profile Philippine Journal of Internal Medicine, Vol. 48 No. 2: Jul-Sep 2010, pp 1-6
Endobutton fixation of distal biceps tendon injuries: outcomes in a private practice setting

BackgroundDistal biceps tendon avulsion injuries account for approximately 10% of all biceps brachii ruptures. Surgical repair in the appropriate patient has been shown to improve functional outcome, but there is no consensus regarding the best surgical approach or technique. The purpose of this study was to report the functional outcomes of repair of distal biceps tendon rupture with the use of the Endobutton fixation technique (Acufex, Microsurgical, Inc., Mansfield, MA). MethodsThis report reviews the clinical outcome of 31 patients treated at a private orthopaedic practice for both acute and chronic distal biceps tendon injuries using a single anterior approach and Endobutton fixation. ResultsThere were no complications, such as nerve injuries, heterotopic ossification, or radioulnar synostoses in this series of patients, as have previously been reported with other approaches and techniques. Baltimore Therapeutic Equipment (BTE, Baltimore, MD) testing of 13 patients revealed that grip strength averaged 90 lbs (101% of contralateral), flexion strength averaged 43 lbs (98% of contralateral), and supination strength averaged 80 inch-lbs (92% of contralateral). ConclusionsAn Endobutton fixation technique using a single anterior approach appears to be safe and effective in the community setting for treating distal biceps tendon injuries. Level of EvidenceLevel IV, case series.
Tardive Dyskinesia in Long Term Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia

Objective: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a group of delayed-onset iatrogenic movement disorders caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents. TD prevalence is estimated as 20-50% of all patients treated with neuroleptics. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of TD in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Method: We recorded age, gender, duration and type (first/second generation or mixed) of medication both at the time of interview and over preceding years. Dyskinesia was assessed by using the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS). We also used the Simpson–Angus Scale for tardive parkinsonism. Akathisia was measured using the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS). Results: Mean duration of the longest used antipsychotic was 206.63 months. Probable TD was found in 18 (22.5%) of patients. None of the patients had tardive akathisia. Relation between type of the longest used treatment and prevalence of TD was not statistically significant. Relationship between type of ongoing treatment and prevalence of TD was not determined statistically significant either. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean age and TD. Discussion: Despite very long duration of antipsychotic use, 22.5% rate of prevalence is still lower than expected. This can be explained that these patients are under direct and close follow-up of healthcare providers and in hospital conditions, so that risky conditions can be intervened rapidly. Another noteworthy finding of our study is that there is no statistically significant difference betwen first and second generation antipsychotic use and TD prevalence.
Pathogens in otitis externa: diagnostic techniques to identify secondary causes of ear disease

This article describes the diagnostic techniques needed in the approach to otitis externa in the dog with particular emphasis on the correct identification of microbes causing secondary and perpetuating features of the disease. The common organisms are described, along with the numbers and features that determine whether treatment is necessary, with the emphasis on the correct use of the microscope and cytological interpretation.
Evidence That Dioxygen and Substrate Activation Are Tightly Coupled in Dopamine β-Monooxygenase

Oxygen activation occurs at a wide variety of enzyme active sites. Mechanisms previously proposed for the copper monooxygenase, dopamine β-monooxygenase (DβM), involve the accumulation of an activated oxygen intermediate with the properties of a copper-peroxo or copper-oxo species before substrate activation. These are reminiscent of the mechanism of cytochrome P-450, where a heme iron stabilizes the activated O2 species. Herein, we report two experimental probes of the activated oxygen species in DβM. First, we have synthesized the substrate analog, β,β-difluorophenethylamine, and examined its capacity to induce reoxidation of the prereduced copper sites of DβM upon mixing with O2 under rapid freeze-quench conditions. This experiment fails to give rise to an EPR-detectable copper species, in contrast to a substrate with a C–H active bond. This indicates either that the reoxidation of the enzyme-bound copper sites in the presence of O2 is tightly linked to C-H activation or that a diamagnetic species \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{Cu(II)}-\mathrm{O}_{2}^{{\cdot}}\) \end{document} has been formed. In the context of the open and fully solvent-accessible active site for the homologous peptidylglycine-α-hydroxylating monooxygenase and by analogy to cytochrome P-450, the accumulation of a reduced and activated oxygen species in DβM before C-H cleavage would be expected to give some uncoupling of oxygen and substrate consumption. We have, therefore, examined the degree to which O2 and substrate consumption are coupled in DβM using both end point and initial rate experimental protocols. With substrates that differ by more than three orders of magnitude in rate, we fail to detect any uncoupling of O2 uptake from product formation. We conclude that there is no accumulation of an activated form of O2 before C-H abstraction in the DβM and peptidylglycine-α-hydroxylating monooxygenase class of copper monooxygenases, presenting a mechanism in which a diamagnetic Cu(II)-superoxo complex, formed initially at very low levels, abstracts a hydrogen atom from substrate to generate Cu(II)-hydroperoxo and substrate-free radical as intermediates. Subsequent participation of the second copper site per subunit completes the reaction cycle, generating hydroxylated product and water.
Role of 15-F2T-Isoprostane in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury : a novel therapeutic approach to cardioprotection with propofol

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major pathophysiologic factor contributing to post-operative cardiac dysfunction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)mediated lipid peroxidation plays a critical role in mediating myocardial IRI. This thesis reports the results of four studies designed to investigate the role of 15-F2. -isoprostane, a reliable measure of lipid peroxidation that has bioactivity, in the pathogenesis of myocardial IRI and to explore the therapeutic potential of propofol. In the first study we demonstrated for the first time that significant in vivo lipid peroxidation occurs early during myocardial ischemia and continues during reperfusion rather than primarily only during reperfusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass. The plasma decay patterns of 15-F2t-isoprostane during reperfusion parallel post-operative cardiac functional recovery. In an in vitro study, a unique therapeutic regimen of propofol was developed to best utilize its antioxidant properties in order to attenuate ROS generation during myocardial ischemia and early reperfusion in isolated rat hearts. Propofol provides better cardiac protection when applied at clinically achievable high concentration before ischemia and during global myocardial ischemia and continued during early reperfusion, followed by a relatively lower concentration during the later phase of reperfusion. Of particular relevance is our identification, using the isolated perfused rat hearts, that 15F2t-isoprostane is produced in situ during global myocardial ischemia. This finding provides evidence to support the use of antioxidant interventions during ischemia which would target the coronary endothelium and/or the cardiomyocytes.
Effective Treatments of Late-Life Depression in Long-Term Care Facilities

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effective treatment to manage the depression of older residents. Methods: Using Klein and Bloom’s criteria, we analyzed the number of subjects, designs and methodologies, residential types, intervention types and duration of treatment, standardized measures, and findings. Data searches were conducted to classify empirical studies and to review empirical literature published from 2007 to 2014. A systematic research synthesis of 25 articles was conducted to investigate how various treatments affected depression among older residents. Results: The results show that antidepressant medication treatment appears less efficacious in treating less severe depression. Discussion: These findings reveal that minor depression should be treated initially with a nonpharmacologic intervention to avoid unnecessary medication risks. The findings further suggest the need for more comprehensive analyses of longitudinal research and the need for more studies that examine the combination of medication and psychotherapy for depressed older adults.
The Use of DVD Simulation as an Interprofessional Education Tool with Undergraduate Occupational Therapy Students

Health care professionals, including occupational therapists, are required to work collaboratively with other disciplines in order to provide high-quality care to their clients. As such, it is paramount that health care professional students learn about the professional roles of others and teamwork through interprofessional education (IPE). However, students are often educated in isolation from other disciplines and difficulties with clinically-based IPE have been acknowledged. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate occupational therapy students' perceptions of the use of digital video disc (DVD) simulations as a learning tool for IPE and practice placement education. Eleven DVD simulations were developed by Monash University and a team of health care professionals. Students from the Bachelor of Occupational Therapy programme at Monash University viewed two or more simulations, and their perceptions were elicited using a mixed methodology approach consisting of a self-report questionnaire (n = 19) and three focus groups. Overall, the DVD simulations were perceived positively as a useful tool for IPE, to supplement practice placement education by occupational therapy students. Although the students did not feel that the simulations could replace actual practice placements, the cost benefit of using DVD simulations to teach, promote and facilitate IPE should be further investigated.
Ekspresi Imunohistokimia Sel Natural Killer Pada Endometrium Ektopik Penderita Endometriosis

Latar Belakang: Wanita dengan endometriosis mengalami gangguan pada selsel imunitas seluler (Sel NK, Makrofage, Limfosit dan apoptosis). Diduga penurunan sitotoksisitas sel NK pada cairan peritoneal disebabkan oleh defek kuantitatif dan kualitatif atau salah satu dari defek tersebut. Tujuan: mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi imunohistokimia sel NK pada endometrium ektopik penderita endometriosis dibandingkan endometrium normal. Metode: penelitian analitik dengan rancangan kasus kontrol, dilakukan di Dept. Obgin dan PA FK USU – RSUP H Adam Malik Medan mulai bulan April - Juli 2015. Kelompok kasus adalah parafin blok jaringan endometrium ektopik penderita endometriosis dan kontrol adalah parafin blok jaringan endometrium normal. Penilaian ekspresi sel NK menggunakan skor Allred. Analisa statistik dengan uji Fischer Exact dan t-test Independent dengan tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 95%, p <0,05 dianggap bermakna. Hasil: kasus endometriosis dan kontrol masing-masing sebanyak 23 orang. Dijumpai kasus endometriosis sebagian besar berumur di bawah 30 tahun sebanyak 11 orang (47,8%), kelompok non endometriosis berumur 30-40 tahun (52,2%). Kasus endometriosis seluruhnya paritas 0 (100%), sedangkan non endometriosis dengan paritas 2-4 sebanyak 9 orang (39,1%). Kasus endometriosis sebagian besar stadium 4 sebanyak 11 kasus (47,8%). Pada penelitian ini tidak dijumpai hubungan yang bermakna ekspresi sel NK berdasarkan skor Allred dengan kejadian endometriosis (p>0,05). Rerata total skor Allred ekspresi sel NK pada endometriosis dibandingkan dengan non endometriosis secara statistik tidak dijumpai perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Rerata total skor Allred ekspresi sel NK pada endometriosis dibandingkan dengan non endometriosis secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan bermakna