Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault imaging of Hibernia three-dimensional seismic data using edge detection and coherency measures

Seismic methods play a key role in exploration and reservoir characterization of the offshore Newfoundland Hibernia oil field. Seismic data is traditionally processed to image continuous reflections rather than to image discontinuities such as faults. Thus, when interpreting such 3D seismic data it is often difficult to obtain a clear and unbiased view of faults. Due to the complex structure of offshore Newfoundland fields, fault imaging is extremely important since field production may be affected by sealing faults, and may effect hydrocarbon production and development strategies. -- In recent years, companies have produced algorithms for enhanced fault detection. The edge detection differencing method, as presented by Lou et al., (1996), measures changes in the subsurface such as faults using differencing of seismic traces. The C1 coherency algorithm, as described by Marfurt et al., (1998), uses cross-correlation between seismic traces. Another method used for fault detection is second derivative maps which take the second derivative of the seismic traces. -- The main objective of the this study is to compare different fault detection algorithms using both synthetic (Kelly, 1998) and real seismic data from the Hibernia fields (1991 and 1997 surveys). For each data set, a representative of the data volume containing the Murre fault was chosen for comparison purposes. Results indicating that the coherency method produces best results with the second derivative produce good results for the model data. The use of EDGE and Poststack/PAL software proved to image more subtle faulting than large scale faulting such as the Murre fault.
Review and Evaluation of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) for Electric Transit Applications

This research report provides a status review of emerging and existing Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technologies applicable to electric bus (EB) and rail transit. The WPT technology options discussed, especially Inductive Power Transfer (IPT), enable rapid in-station or opportunity (boost) dynamic recharging of electric bus batteries for range extension and promise economic, convenience, and safety benefits. Based on a comprehensive literature review, international and U.S. WPT bus and light rail systems deployed, demonstrated, or planned are described, noting their respective providers, system specifications and attributes, and Technology Readiness Level (TRL). Federal Transit Administration (FTA)-funded WPT demonstrations currently underway or planned are also highlighted. Industry technical and safety standards (frequency, power, and interoperability) are currently in development. Regulations and consensus standards for emissions and human exposure safety to electromagnetic radiation and fields (EMR/EMF) and protection from electromagnetic Interference (EMI) are reviewed. Measured EMR/EMR levels for various WPT electric bus systems comply with applicable occupational and public safety, health, and environmental exposure standards. Information on the cost-benefit, reliability, durability, and safety of WPT infrastructure and vehicle systems is scant. Research gaps, as well as challenges and opportunities for WPT commercial deployment, are identified.
Ureaplasma urealyticum and chlamydia trachomatis among general married migrants in three cities of China: a workplace-based study

Background Genital tract infections with ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and chlamydia trachomatis (CT) are the most frequent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The aim of this study is to understand the prevalence of UU and CT among general internal married migrants and to explore some possible influencing factors, so as to provide some evidences for STIs prevention in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities of China from March 2016 to February 2017. A total of 3180 internal-married migrants were included. The structured questionnaire survey, gynecological or andrology examination and laboratory detection were conducted by the trained research fellow s. The prevalence of UU and CT was laboratory-confirmed in this study. Results The prevalence of laboratory-confirmed UU and CT were 45.41%, 5.75%, respectively. The co-infection rate was 4.09%. The rates of UU and CT of Shanghai participants (54.01%, 7.35%) were the highest, and the lowest were that of Yinchuan (37.74%, 4.52%). In Urumqi, the prevalence of UU and CT were 44.77%, 5.42%, respectively, but it has the highest co-infection rate. The multiple stepwise logistic regressions found that the prevalence of UU among three cities were different, and the male’s UU infection was lower than that of women (OR=0.71, 95%CI:0.61-0.83), and the 20-34 age group participants had lower UU and CT risk, compared with that of 45-49 age group. Moreover, the white-collar workers had lower risk of UU infection (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.49-0.83), compared with laborer, and using condom could reduce the UU infection (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.87). Compared with urban migrants, the rural participants had higher risk of CT infection (OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.12-2.52), and sex behavior during menstruation could increase the prevalence of CT (OR=1.49, 95%CI: 1.05-2.11). Conclusion The prevalence of UU and CT were high and the co-infection was also serious among general internal married migrants. More health promotion measures about UU and CT should be taken to help general migrants of China, especially women and those with lower social-economic status (laborers from rural area), risky sexual behaviors such as having sex during menstruation should be warned of and condom-use should be promoted.
Polymer Micro Photosynthetic Power Cell: Design, Fabrication, Parametric Study and Testing

Polymer Micro Photosynthetic Power Cell: Design, Fabrication, Parametric Study and Testing Energy and its importance are undoubtedly some unquestionable topics of all times. Not only the environmental impact of our main energy source – fossil fuels – but also their limited quantity made the human-kind find alternate sources of energy. Moreover, in the recent years there has been lots of attention on green energy. The challenge however, is finding suitable energy sources and developing appropriate energy harvesting devices. Photosynthesis is among the most frequent and vital processes occurring all over the planet and recently, it has been found to be a potential promising energy source. The challenge still remains developing an appropriate energy harvesting device. Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) enables fabrication of devices that the human-kind was not able to produce before. So far there has been a vast research and investment on solar cells and fuel cells. However, the potential energy source mentioned earlier (photosynthesis) has not received as much attention. This work is an attempt to develop a device capable of harvesting energy from photosynthesis using nontraditional materials and processes used in MEMS. A Micro Photosynthetic Power Cell (μPSC) was fabricated and tested for performance. Then, using no-load performance optimal fabrication parameters were suggested. Some environmental and operational parameters were studied and properties such as voltage-current characteristics and long-term behavior were studied. The results and outputs of the μPSC developed in this study were presented in forms of power and current densities for comparison purposes and eventually, some points were suggested for future studies. Open circuit voltage of more than 900 mV was measured. The measured current varied from zero (open circuit) to 840 μA (short circuit). At the peak power generation of 175 μW, approximate voltage and current correspond to 400 mV and 400 μA. These results correspond to a noticeable power generation of 36.1 μW/cm2 which is comparable to that of μPSCs fabricated previously by other groups.
Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag and kaolin mixtures

Mineral carbonation has been utilised extensively worldwide as the most important way of permanently sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2). This study objective includes sequestering of CO2 gas from atmosphere via carbonation of magnesium and calcium. Waste materials such as ground granulated blast furnaces slag (GGBS) extracted through iron manufacturing as well as brown kaolin mixtures were employed. Acid digestion method as well as thermogravimetric analysis were employed to quantify CO2 sequestered by GGBS-kaolin mixtures.The outcomes indicated that the acid digestion technique is more dependable compared to TGA in measuring CO2. Nonetheless, both methods deduced that the quantity of CO2 sequestered is about 5% from the total dry mass of the mixtures. Thus, GGBS-kaolin mixtures effectively sequester a substantial quantity of CO2.
Preliminary Validation of a Methodology for Assessing Software Quality

Abstract : This report summarizes the results of research conducted by the University of Maryland to validate a method for predicting software quality. The method is termed the Reliability Prediction System (RePS). The RePS methodology was initially presented in NUREG/GR-0019. The current effort is a preliminary validation of the RePS methodology with respect to its ability to predict software quality (measured in this report and in NUREG/GR-0019 in terms of software reliability) and, to a lesser extent, its usability when applied to relatively simple applications. It should be noted that the current validation effort is limited in scope to assess the efficacy of the RePS methodology for predicting software quality of the application under study for one phase of software development cycle. As such, the results indicate that additional effort on a 'full scope' software development project is warranted. The application under validation, Personnel entry/exit ACcess System (PACS), is a simplified version of an automated personnel entry access system through a gate to provide privileged physical access to rooms/buildings, etc. This system shares some attributes of a reactor protection system, such as functioning in real-time to produce a binary output based upon inputs from a relatively simple human-machine interface with and end user/operator.
Large strain computational modeling of high strain rate phenomena in perforating gun devices by Lagrangian/Eulerian FEM simulations

The present doctoral thesis deals with the study and the analysis of large strain and high strain rate behavior of materials and components. Theoretical, experimental and computational aspects are taken into consideration. Particular reference is made to the modeling of metallic materials, although other kinds of materials are considered as well. The work may be divided into three main parts. The first part of the work consists in a critical review of the constitutive modeling of materials subjected to large strains and high to very high strain rates. Specific attention is paid to the opportunity of adopting so-called strength models and equations of state. Damage and failure modeling is discussed as well. In this part, specific interest is addressed to reviewing the so-called Johnson-Cook strength model, by critically highlighting its positive and negative aspects. One of the main tackled issue consists in a reasoned assessment of the various procedures adoptable in order to calibrate the parameters of the model. This phase is enriched and clarified by applying different calibration strategies to a real case, i.e. the evaluation of the model parameters for a structural steel. The consequences determined by each calibration approach are then carefully evaluated and compared. The second part of the work aims at introducing a new strength model, that consists in a generalization of the Johnson-Cook model. The motivations for the introduction of this model are first exposed and discussed. The features of the new strength model are then described. Afterwards, the various procedures adoptable for the determination of the material parameters are presented. The new strength model is then applied to a real case, i.e. a structural steel as above, and the results are compared to those obtained from the original Johnson-Cook model. Comparing to that, the obtained outcomes show that the new model displays a better capacity in reproducing experimental data. Results are discussed and commented. The third and final part of the work deals with an application of the studied topics to a real industrial case of interest. A device called perforating gun is analyzed in its structural problematics and critical aspects. This challenging application involves the modeling of several typologies of material, large strains, very high strain rate phenomena, high temperatures, explosions, hypervelocity impacts, damage, fracture and phase changes. In this regard, computational applications of the studied theories are presented and their outcomes are assessed and discussed. Several finite element techniques are considered. In particular, tridimensional Eulerian simulations are presented. The obtained results appear to be very promising in terms of the possibilities of a fruitful use in the design process of the device, in particular in order to achieve an optimization of its key features.
Efficacy of AS04-Adjuvanted Vaccine Against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Types 16 and 18 in Clearing Incident HPV Infections: Pooled Analysis of Data From the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial and the PATRICIA Study

Clinical trial data and real-world evidence suggest that the AS04-adjuvanted vaccine targeting human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 (AS04-HPV-16/18) vaccine provides nearly 90% protection against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or higher irrespective of type, among women vaccinated before sexual debut. This high efficacy is not fully explained by cross-protection. Although AS04-HPV-16/18 vaccination does not affect clearance of prevalent infections, it may accelerate clearance of newly acquired infections. We pooled data from 2 large-scale randomized controlled trials to evaluate efficacy of the AS04-HPV-16/18 vaccine against clearance of nontargeted incident infections. Results of our analysis do not suggest an effect in expediting clearance of incident infections. The NCI and Costa Rica investigators are responsible for the design and conduct of CVT. GSK and the PATRICIA investigators are responsible for the design and conduct of the PATRICIA study. The NCI pooled the CVT and PATRICIA data. The NCI conducted the analysis of the pooled data in parallel with GSK. The NCI in-terpreted the results and prepared the manuscript, in conjunc-tion with GSK and the authors. J. E. T. wrote the manuscript.
High-Lift Systems on Commercial Subsonic Airliners

The early breed of slow commercial airliners did not require high-lift systems because their wing loadings were low and their speed ratios between cruise and low speed (takeoff and landing) were about 2:1. However, even in those days the benefit of high-lift devices was recognized. Simple trailing-edge flaps were in use, not so much to reduce landing speeds, but to provide better glide-slope control without sideslipping the airplane and to improve pilot vision over the nose by reducing attitude during low-speed flight. As commercial-airplane cruise speeds increased with the development of more powerful engines, wing loadings increased and a real need for high-lift devices emerged to keep takeoff and landing speeds within reasonable limits. The high-lift devices of that era were generally trailing-edge flaps. When jet engines matured sufficiently in military service and were introduced commercially, airplane speed capability had to be increased to best take advantage of jet engine characteristics. This speed increase was accomplished by introducing the wing sweep and by further increasing wing loading. Whereas increased wing loading called for higher lift coefficients at low speeds, wing sweep actually decreased wing lift at low speeds. Takeoff and landing speeds increased on early jet airplanes, and, as a consequence, runways worldwide had to be lengthened. There are economical limits to the length of runways; there are safety limits to takeoff and landing speeds; and there are speed limits for tires. So, in order to hold takeoff and landing speeds within reasonable limits, more powerful high-lift devices were required. Wing trailing-edge devices evolved from plain flaps to Fowler flaps with single, double, and even triple slots. Wing leading edges evolved from fixed leading edges to a simple Krueger flap, and from fixed, slotted leading edges to two- and three-position slats and variable-camber (VC) Krueger flaps. The complexity of high-lift systems probably peaked on the Boeing 747, which has a VC Krueger flap and triple-slotted, inboard and outboard trailing-edge flaps. Since then, the tendency in high-lift system development has been to achieve high levels of lift with simpler devices in order to reduce fleet acquisition and maintenance costs. The intent of this paper is to: (1) review available high-lift devices, their functions, and design criteria; (2) appraise high-lift systems presently in service on commercial air liners; (3) present personal study results on high-lift systems; (4) develop a weight and cost model for high-lift systems; and (5) discuss the development tendencies of future high-lift systems.
Stage-Specific Effects of Organizational Structure and Boundary-Spanning on the Performance of New Product Development Teams

In this paper, we analyze the influence of organizational design and boundary-spanning activities on the performance of new product development teams, differentiated by the stage of the innovation process. The organizational antecedents considered are organic vs. mechanistic tructures of such teams. It is proposed that due to differing information needs and different levels of uncertainty, organic structures are more suited in the early initiation stage, while mechanistic structures are more appropriate in the following implementation stage. Boundary spanning is proposed to influence performance positively in both the early and the late stage. We test our hypotheses using a sample of 133 new product development (NPD) projects. The analysis yields that not all organic structures are beneficial (detrimental) to the early (late) stage. Similarly, not all mechanistic structures are beneficial (detrimental) to the late (early) stage. This suggests that a more differentiated approach to the organizational design of NPD teams is needed. As proposed, boundary-spanning activities are positively associated with team performance in both project stages. Managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Passenger experience at airports : An activity-centred approach

This project has provided a new understanding of the passenger experience in Australian international airport departure terminals. A novel understanding of the passenger experience developed by observing the activities passengers carried out on their day of travel, and interviewing passengers and staff members. The development of the Taxonomy of Passenger Activities (TOPA) has been an important outcome of this research. It provides a new understanding of the airport passenger experience at departure. The Taxonomy of Passenger Activities identifies the activities that improve the experience of passengers and the processing efficiency of the airport terminal.
Ergonomics and Safety in Hand Tool Design

History of Hand Tools Human Factors and the Hand Tool Epidemiology of Tool Use Pathology and Physiology of Hand and Arm Anatomy of the Upper Extremity Anthropometry of the Hand Kinesiology of the Arm and Hand Biomechanics and Hand Tools Ergonomics and Hand Tools Safe Design and the Hand Tool Safe Design and Use of Hand Tools Programs Validation Procedures.
Inculcating generic skill for civil engineering students through final year project

Final Year Project is a compulsory subject to be taken by the final year students in the Faculty of Civil Engineering as part of the requirement to obtain their first degree. This subject provides the opportunity for the students to exercise and develop their generic skill that are essential and needed for leading roles in civil engineering works. Each student will be given a specific topic and supervised by lecturer. At the end of the project the students are required to write a full report comprising of all the work that have been done. They are also required to present their findings orally in English in a Final Year Project Seminar. The students are expected to show that they are able to work independently, solve problems, adapt to various situations, and have self-confidence. The project enables students to enhance their generic skills through various means such as communicating with expert from industries, discussion with lecturer/supervisor and colleagues, self-learning, writing report, and oral presentation. Generally, after the completion of the project most of the students are able to acquire, show, and practice the relevant quality in generic skill required for engineers to be successful in their profession.
Design Studio Pedagogy: Horizons for the Future

This groundbreaking book is a new comprehensive round of debate developed in response to the lack of research on design pedagogy. It provides thoughts, ideas, and experiments of design educators of different generations, different academic backgrounds, who are teaching and conducting research in different cultural contexts. It probes future universal visions within which the needs of future shapers of the built environment can be conceptualized and the design pedagogy that satisfies those needs can be debated. Addressing academics, practitioners, graduate students, and those who make decisions about the educational system over twenty contributors remarkably introduce analytical reflections on their positions and experience. Two invited contributions of. N. John Habraken and Henry Sanoff offer visionary thoughts on their outstanding experience in design pedagogy and research.Structured in five chapters, this book introduces theoretical perspectives on design pedagogy and outlines a number of thematic issues that pertain to critical thinking and decision making; cognitive and teaching/learning styles; community, place, and service learning; and the application of digital technologies in studio teaching practices, all articulated in a conscious endeavor toward the betterment of the built environment.
A Wind-Tunnel Investigation of the Effects of Flap Span and Deflection Angle, Wing Planform and a Body on the High-Lift Performance of a 28 deg Swept Wing.

Abstract : Lift, drag and pitching moment have been measured over an extensive range of configurations of the high-lift system on a wing of basic aspect ratio 8.35 and with a trailing-edge planform extension and a body added. The results were analysed and compared with two linear-theory prediction methods. The measured increments in lift generated by the various elements of the high-lift system were lower than the predicted levels. An exploratory analysis of the drag results showed that the lift-dependent drag factor was considerably underestimated by linear theory, particularly when the slat was deployed. The limitations of the planar vortex sheet used in the theory and the neglect of viscous effects are suggested as the principal reasons for the differences between experiment and theory. Deflection of the flap produced a load, which acted at a distance forward of the mean quarter chord of the flap, that was practically independent of incidence and flap span. The wing/body interference effect was insensitive to flap span and there was some evidence of a download being generated on the rear body when the high-lift system was deployed. The performance of the high-lift system was downgraded when the wing planform was extended in the root region and this was attributed to the greater non-uniformity of the spanwise loading. (Author)