Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Adding New Flavors to the Pizza

Simple Summary Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a rare pathology. In the era of precision oncology, the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) allowed a better understanding of molecular differences between each tumor. Alterations in genes such as the FGFR, HER2, IDH1, and BRAF, result in cancer development, growth, and proliferation. Recent drug development allowed for the use of medications that can target these alterations and inhibit cancer progression. Additionally, the understanding of how the immune system interacts with cancer cells also resulted in the use of immunotherapy in this difficult scenario, although we still do not know how to select the patients with a higher chance of response. Here, we review the most recent data regarding targeted treatment and immunotherapy in the scenario of BTC treatment, discussing not only the role that these medications have in modern oncology, but also the future perspectives for this challenging disease. Abstract Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a rare pathology and can be divided into four major subgroups: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer. In the era of precision oncology, the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) allowed a better understanding of molecular differences between these subgroups. Thus, the development of drugs that can target these alterations and inhibit the abnormal pathway activation has changed the prognosis of BTC patients. Additionally, the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and a better understanding of tumor immunogenicity led to the development of clinical trials with immunotherapy for this scenario. The development of biomarkers that can predict how the immune system acts against the tumor cells, and which patients benefit from this activation, are urgently needed. Here, we review the most recent data regarding targeted treatment and immunotherapy in the scenario of BTC treatment, while also discussing the future perspectives for this challenging disease.
Restriction to hypersurfaces of non-isotropic Sobolev spaces

Let X1 . , X2 . be smooth linearly independent vector fields in an open set Q C R2n+l. We form the nonisotropic Sobolev spaces S2 for a > 0, by measuring smoothness in terms of the X3 's. These function spaces are the natural ones to consider when dealing with operators of the form X2 + . + X22n. In particular, in the Dirichlet problem associated with these operators the problem of restriction to the boundary comes up naturally. Let M be a smooth hypersurface of f. In this thesis the restriction problem is investigated. It is shown that many results that hold, concerning the restriction problem, for the isotropic Sobolev space L2 have analogues in the nonisotropic setting, in particular the result L 2|M = L 2_ . When the index a is small } < a < 1, we have complete characterization of the space of restrictions; S.Im = F 2_ (M), this latter space is described by similar smoothness conditions to the classical Sobolev spaces using the first diffrences. We merely replace the distance function by the nonisotropic one and the surface measure by a weighted measure, this weight is precisely the angle made by the tangent space and the span of the vector fields X,'s. If do denotes the surface measure on M, we show also that the space S2 admits restrictions to M that are members of L 2(do), this result is sharp; in the case of surfaces where the span of the X,'s is nowhere tangent the condition is a > }. For higher indices a, we use a method due to Jonsson and Wallin to describe the restriction spaces. Thesis Supervisor : David Jerison Title : Professor of Mathematics
Corifolitropin-Alfa plus Five Days Letrozole Versus Daily Recombinant-FSH in Expected Normo-Responder Patients: A Retrospective Comparative Study

Background: In recent times, different novel GnRH-antagonist protocols with various combinations of gonadotropins and other molecules (e.g., aromatase inhibitors, selective estrogen receptor modulators) have been proposed for expected normal ovarian responders undergoing assisted reproductive treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel ovarian stimulation protocol based on the combination of corifollitropin-alfa plus five days of letrozole in E-NOR women undergoing IVF as compared with a daily recombinant-FSH regimen. Methods: We conducted a retrospective-controlled study on 182 couples undergoing their first IVF attempt. In Group A (experimental), letrozole (2.5 mg daily) was administered from day 2 (up to day 6 of the cycle), followed by corifollitropin-alfa on day 3 and daily recombinant FSH from day 10. In Group B, recombinant FSH from day 2 were administered (150 IU-225 IU daily). Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS Statistics. The primary outcome was the total number of MII oocytes retrieved. Results: Group A showed similar results compared to Group B in terms of MII oocytes, live birth, implantation, and clinical pregnancy rates (p = ns). Nevertheless, the experimental group was associated with a trend towards a higher number of developing follicles, total oocytes, and embryos (p < 0.05) with lower estradiol and progesterone values at ovulation induction compared to Group B, resulting in an increased chance of performing a fresh embryo transfer (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The combination of CFα plus five days of letrozole was associated with a trend towards a higher number of developing follicles, total oocytes, and obtained embryos. Moreover, the experimental protocol resulted in lower estradiol and progesterone values at ovulation induction compared to daily rFSH, with an increased chance of performing a fresh embryo transfer (with no OHSS occurrence). Given the observational design of our study, further well-conducted RCTs are needed.
New trends and future perspectives on plasma focus research

This paper includes a brief overview of the contributions and results of several groups working in plasma focus (PF) devices around the world in the last few years. In section 2 a summary of the most important results of the dense transient plasma research programme of the Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear is presented. An approach to an integrated vision of the present PF research status is presented in the next section. Some parameters that remain practically constant in PF devices that operate in a wide range of energies from 1 MJ to tens of joules are discussed. These parameters (‘plasma energy density parameter’ and ‘drive parameter’) are used as a design tool to achieve an ultra-miniature pinch focus device operating at energies less than 1 J. Preliminary results of such an ultra-miniature device are presented. Applications to non-destructive tests, detection of substances, pulsed radiation in biology and material sciences are also briefly discussed in this paper.
Improved Coastal Precipitation Forecasts with Direct Assimilation ofGOES-11/12Imager Radiances

AbstractThe Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) imager provides observations that are of high spatial and temporal resolution and can be applied for effectively monitoring and nowcasting severe weather events. In this study, improved quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) for three coastal storms over the northern Gulf of Mexico and the East Coast is demonstrated by assimilating GOES-11 and GOES-12 imager radiances into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Both the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) analysis system and the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) are utilized to ingest GOES IR clear-sky data. Assimilation of GOES imager radiances during a 6–12-h time window prior to convective initiation and/or development could significantly improve the precipitation forecasts near the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico. The 3-h accumulative precipitation threat scores are increased by about 20% after 6 .
Algebraic and Combinatorial Aspects of Group-Based Models

1\. Preliminaries 2\. Combinatorial Proof of a Theorem by Buczynska and Wiśniewski 3\. Hilbert Polynomial of the Kimura 3-Parameter Model 4\. Degrees of Minimal Generators of Phylogenetic Semigroups 5\. Low Degree Minimal Generators of Phylogenetic Semigroups 6\. Group-Based Models and Berenstein- Zelevinsky Triangles
Multiple use confidence regions in multivariate calibration

Abstract The problem of multivariate calibration is considered in the setup where a normally distributed response variable is related to an explanatory variable through a multivariate linear model. The variance covariance matrix of the response variable is assumed to be a multiple of the identity matrix. The calibration data, that is, data obtained on the response variable corresponding to known values of the explanatory variable, are to be used for the construction of confidence regions for unknown values of the explanatory variable. The calibration problem addressed in this article deals with the construction of multiple use confidence regions; that is, the calibration data will be used repeatedly in order to construct a sequence of confidence regions for a sequence of unknown values of the explanatory variable. Such a procedure is characterized using two coverage probabilities, say 1 — α and 1 — β. Given that the confidence regions are constructed using the same calibration data, the proportion of conf.
An efficient method for radiation hydrodynamics in models of feedback-regulated star formation

Title of Dissertation: AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR RADIATION HYDRODYNAMICS IN MODELS OF FEEDBACK-REGULATED STAR FORMATION Michael Aaron Reed Skinner, Doctor of Philosophy, 2013 Dissertation directed by: Professor Eve C. Ostriker Department of Astronomy We describe a module for the Athena code that solves the gray equations of radiation hydrodynamics (RHD), based on the first two moments of the radiative transfer equation. We combine explicit Godunov methods to advance the gas and radiation variables including non-stiff source terms with a local implicit method to integrate stiff source terms. We adopt the M1 closure relation, including leading source terms to O(βτ) and employ the reduced speed of light approximation (RSLA) with subcycling of the radiation variables to reduce computational costs. We consider self-gravitating fragmentation and evolution of turbulent gaseous clouds, modeling the propagation and interaction of radiation from embedded star clusters that form with the surrounding gas. To model the luminosity sources, we use the star particle algorithm of Gong and Ostriker (2013) based on the particle mesh (PM) method combined with an efficient open boundary condition Poisson solver for the self-gravitational potential. Our code is dimensionally unsplit in one, two, and three space dimensions and is parallelized using MPI. The streaming and diffusion limits are well-described by the M1 closure model, and our implementation shows excellent behavior for a problem with a concentrated radiation source containing both regimes simultaneously. Our operator-split method is ideally suited for problems with a slowly-varying radiation field and dynamical gas flows in which the effect of the RSLA is minimal. We present an analysis of the dispersion relation of RHD linear waves highlighting the conditions of applicability for the RSLA. To demonstrate the accuracy of our method, we utilize a suite of radiation and RHD tests covering a broad range of regimes, including RHD waves, shocks, and equilibria, showing second-order convergence in most cases, and a test to demonstrate the accuracy of particle orbits obtained using our method. Applying our method to the study of feedback-regulated star formation in models of giant molecular clouds (GMCs), we conclude that the radiation force on dust from reprocessed radiation is an efficient mechanism for cloud disruption, which may be particularly important in super star clusters with deep gravitational potential wells. AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR RADIATION HYDRODYNAMICS IN MODELS OF FEEDBACK-REGULATED STAR FORMATION by Michael Aaron Reed Skinner Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland at College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2013
Hybrid Event-Triggered Cooperative Output Regulation of Multiagent Systems With Unreliable Communication Link

This article studies the event-triggered cooperative output regulation problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems with external disturbances and unreliable communication link (i.e., packet losses occur intermittently). A novel hybrid event-triggering mechanism (ETM) is proposed, which imposes a strictly positive lower bound for triggering intervals, and an internal variable with jump dynamics is introduced to design triggering condition. A hybrid model is constructed to describe the closed-loop system with both flow and jump dynamics. Then, based on the hybrid model, Lyapunov-based consensus analysis, hybrid ETM design, and robust performance analysis results are developed. Compared with the existing results, the minimum triggering interval (MTI) can be prespecified, and Zeno behavior is ensured to be excluded no matter there exist disturbances or not, which is useful for control implementation. Besides, the packet losses are allowed to be nonidentical, that covers identical packet losses as a special case. Moreover, the tradeoff between MTI and the number of maximum-allowable successive packet losses is explicitly given. Finally, simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Considerations on minimum friction velocity

The concept of the minimum friction velocity is studied using three different methods of scalar averaging for the calculation of the stresses. Particular emphasis is given to the extraction of the influence of a non‐zero ambient wind shear observed in field measurements. Data from three different experimental sites in Athens with high roughness values are analysed in order to provide information concerning the dependence of the dimensionless minimum friction velocity on the dimensionless roughness length. Data from the BOREX‐95 experiment have also been re‐analysed according to the methodologies presented in this study. The results are compared to the large‐eddy simulations that are considered to be a reference study on shear‐free convection. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society
A Meta-Methods Analysis of Academics’ Challenges Affecting Research Productivity During COVID-19: Insights from a South African University

The purpose of this research study was to examine challenges experienced by academics at Stellenbosch University that hinder their research productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic, involving 248 academics who completed an online questionnaire. A qualitative analysis of open-ended responses revealed five themes that characterized the extent that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted these academics’ research productivity: Online Teaching, Increase in Research Productivity, No Difference to Research Productivity, Reduced Research Productivity, and No Research Productivity. A mixed methods analysis revealed that only 25% of academics were not adversely affected by online teaching in terms of research productivity. Two thirds of the academics experienced either a reduction in productivity or reported no research productivity at all. Compared to academics who reported an increase in productivity, academics who reported undertaking no research productivity at all tended to be women, not to hold a professor position, not to have a doctorate degree, to have less experience as academics, to have access at home to a tablet, but not to have access at home to cellphone data.
A Vector-Based Backward Projection Method for Robust Detection of Occlusions When Generating True Ortho Photos

One of the problems in detecting occlusions when generating true ortho photos is false occlusion and false visibility caused by rolling terrain, and the resolution difference between the digital surface model (DSM) and the images. Published methods are plagued by unstable computation and have considerable noise. The paper presents a vector-based backward projection (VBP) method for detecting occlusions. First, the method projects vector polygons representing the surface of buildings to image space. Next, it derives their true coverage by judging the occupancy priority for the overlap. It then determines the visibility of building and digital elevation model (DEM) grids. Finally, it generates a true ortho image by differential rectification. In addition, this paper develops methods to keep all steps robust, such as dubious region growing methods for rasterization and judgment formulas for boundary noise elimination, which makes VBP practical. Experiments using the Z-Buffer method, the projection-ray-angle-based method and VBP with a typical image and DSM prove VBP has 100% detection accuracy, and is robust and efficient.
Heterogeneously Integrated Filtering Power Amplifier for Radio Determination Satellite Service

This brief presents a heterogeneously integrated 5W filtering power amplifier (PA) with high harmonic suppression in the 2- $\mu {\mathrm{ m}}$ InGaP/GaAs HBT process. The PA includes an HBT die and a laminate. The HBT die is designed with a two-stage differential amplifier architecture, using an adaptive bias circuit with a negative feedback network to improve the linearity. Two off-chip baluns are designed for single-to-differential transformation and power combination. Importantly, a low loss lumped-element low-pass output matching network is employed to provide high harmonic rejection over a wide bandwidth. From the measured results, the small signal gain of the designed PA module is about 30.5 ± 0.65 dB within the frequency from 1.5 to 1.8 GHz. Using a TDD LTE QPSK signal with a signal bandwidth of 10 MHz, an averaged saturated output power from 36.8 to 37.7 dBm and peak power-added efficiency (PAE) from 41 to 48% are obtained, which shows favorable performance in Radio Determination Satellite Service (RDSS) applications.
Entrepreneurship educators: a configurational analysis of factors influencing pedagogical choices

PurposeEntrepreneurship education (EE) is critical for developing the skills of tomorrow's entrepreneurs and leaders. While significant research examines the content, student learning processes and outcomes, less studied are the entrepreneurship educators and their pedagogical preferences. Following a cognitive process model of decision-making, this study explores how self-efficacy, philosophy of teaching, entrepreneurship training and teaching experience influence entrepreneurship educator preferences to follow either a teacher-centric or a student-centric approach. This study also includes gender in a secondary analysis of the relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from 289 entrepreneurship educators in 2021, and fuzzy-set comparative qualitative analysis (fsQCA) was used to obtain configurations of conditions (causal recipes) that lead to teacher-centric or student-centric model. A secondary analysis explores whether there are different configurations of conditions when gender is added to the analysis.FindingsThe results of our fsQCA analysis reveal multiple configurations of conditions (causal recipes) that result in a preference for either a teacher-centric or student-centric approach to teaching entrepreneurship. The authors find that teaching experience is the main condition for the teacher-centric model, while self-efficacy and entrepreneurship training are the main conditions for the pathways leading to student-centric model. The fsQCA results also show that the configurations are affected when gender is taken into account in the analysis.Originality/valueThis study, one of the first of its kind, uses a configurational approach to examine pathways that contribute to the teaching preferences of entrepreneurship educators. This paper uses self-efficacy, teaching philosophy, teaching experience and entrepreneurship training as conditions to identify multiple unique pathways that result in either a teacher-centric or student-centric pedagogical model in EE. Notably, differences by gender are also found in this study.
The k ‐ Very Ampleness and k ‐ Spannedness on Polarized Abelian Surfaces

We give a numerical criterion for an ample line bundle on an abelian surface to be it‐very ample for a nonnegative integer k. This result implies the equivalence of k‐very ampleness and k‐spannedness. We also give a complete classification of polarized abelian surfaces with k ‐ very ample polarizations. Our results extend those of Bauer and Szemberg [BaSzl] and Ramanan [Ra].
Secondary Predication and Aspectual Structure

This paper presents an analysis of secondary predicates as aspectual modifiers and secondary predication as a summing operation which sums the denotation of the matrix verb and the secondary predicate. I argue that, as opposed to the summing peration involved in simple conjunction, there is a constraint on secondary predication; in the 0 case of depictives, the event introduced by the matrix verb must be PART-OF the event introduced by the secondary predicate, where e, is PART-OF e, if the running time of e, is contained in the running time of e" and if e, and e, share a grammatical argument. I argue resultative predication differs from depictive predication in that the PART-OF constraint holds in resultative constructions between the event which is the culmination of e, and e,: formally, while depictive predication introduces the statement PART-OF(e"e,), resultative predication introduces the statement PART-OF(cul(e,),e,). I show that this is all that is necessary to explain the well-known properties of resultative predication.
Noncausal behavior of classical tachyons

It is shown by example that causality violation can take place through the transmission of classical tachyons between three or more observers in such a way that each observer receives and emits only tachyons whose energies he measures to be positive. Such examples are not open to the ambiguities of interpretation proposed by Feinberg; they imply that a classical-particle description of tachyons is not physically viable.
SNUX2.0: A Social Network Model for Cohort Behavior Analysis as Support for Purchasing Tourism Products and Services

Abstract One of the major communication paradigms for corporations and organizations consists of understanding which is the best format in which to communicate, and the effect that each type of content has on the different generations that coexist in the digital ecosystem. Tourism is one of the industry’s most sensitive to this ecosystem, as, nowadays, all stages of the travel decision process are mainly processed digitally. Products are researched, disseminated, and often acquired on digital platforms. This paper uses social media to analyze the online behavior of potential tourists from different generations when searching for commercial and detailed information concerning tourism products. A survey was prepared based on the experience economy theory and disseminated online through social networks. A Social Networks User Experience model, SNUX 2.0, was proposed to analyze the experiences of users from different generations, associated with the use of social networks as a medium through which to find information about tourism products and services. Structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 3.0 was used to analyze the proposed model. The study concluded that social networks can contribute to influencing the purchasing intent of the different generations, mainly when commercial information has an educational nature for all generations, accompanied by different dimensions depending on the consumer’s generation.