Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Preventive Intervention with Ketogenic Diet Mediated by the Histone Acetylation of mGluR5 PromotorRegion inRatParkinson’sDiseaseModel:ADual-Tracer PET Study

Background and Objectives. e exact pathological mechanism of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains elusive, and the existing therapies fail to reverse the disease progression. is study intended to explore the epigenetic anti-inammatory mechanism of ketogenic diet (KD). Materials and Methods. e neuroprotective eect of ketosis state prior to the onset of PD (preventive KD, KDp) was compared with that receiving KD after the onset (therapeutic KD, KDt) in the lipopolysaccharide(LPS-) induced rat PD model. A total of 100 rats were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups: sham, LPS, LPS +KDp, and LPS +KDt groups. Results. Signicant dopamine decient behaviors (rotational behavior and contralateral forelimb akinesia), upregulation of proinammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), loss of dopaminergic neurons, reduction of mGluR5 microglia cells, increase of TSPOmicroglia cells, reduction of H3K9 acetylation in themGluR5 promoter region andmGluR5mRNA expression, and decline in the phosphorylation levels of Akt/GSK-3β/CREB pathway were observed after the intervention of LPS (P< 0.01). TSPO and DAT PET imaging revealed the increased uptake of F-DPA-714 in substantia nigra and decreased uptake of F-FPCIT in substantia nigra and striatum in LPS-treated rats (P< 0.001). ese impairments were alleviated by the dietary intervention of KD, especially with the strategy of KDp (P< 0.05). Conclusions. e anti-inammatory eect of KD on PD was supposed to be related to the modulation of Akt/GSK-3β/CREB signaling pathway mediated by the histone acetylation of mGluR5 promotor region. e KD intervention should be initiated prior to the PD onset in high-risk population to achieve a more favorable outcome.
Factors associated with treatment success after combined transforaminal epidural steroid injection and dorsal root ganglion pulsed radiofrequency treatment in patients with chronic lumbar radicular pain

Recommended Citation TÜRKYILMAZ, GÜLÇİN GAZİOĞLU (2022) "Factors associated with treatment success after combined transforaminal epidural steroid injection and dorsal root ganglion pulsed radiofrequency treatment in patients with chronic lumbar radicular pain," Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences: Vol. 52: No. 4, Article 44. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.5429 Available at: https://journals.tubitak. gov.tr/medical/vol52/iss4/44
Mediterranean diet related metabolite profiles and cognitive performance in a Greek population

Abstract Background: Evidence suggests that adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) affects human metabolism and may contribute to better cognitive performance. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Objective: We generated a metabolite profile for adherence to MedDiet and evaluated its cross-sectional association with aspects of cognitive performance. Methods: A total of 1,250 healthy Greek middle-aged adults from the Epirus Health Study cohort were included in the analysis. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS); cognition was measured using the Trail Making Test, the Verbal Fluency test and the Logical Memory test. A targeted metabolite profiling (n = 250 metabolites) approach was applied, using a high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance platform. We used elastic net regularized regressions, with a 10-fold cross-validation procedure, to identify a metabolite profile for MEDAS. We evaluated the associations of the identified metabolite profile and MEDAS with cognitive tests, using multivariable linear regression models. Results: We identified a metabolite profile composed of 42 metabolites, mainly lipoprotein subclasses and fatty acids, significantly correlated with MedDiet adherence (Pearson r = 0.35, P-value = 5.5 x 10-37). After adjusting for known risk factors and accounting for multiple testing, the metabolite profile and MEDAS were not associated with the cognitive tests. Conclusions: A plasma metabolite profile related to better adherence to the MedDiet was not associated with the tested aspects of cognitive performance, in a middle-aged Mediterranean population. Keywords: Mediterranean diet, metabolomics, cognition, executive function, memory
Load and fatigue monitoring in instrumental musicians using an online app: A Pilot Study

Background/Aims: High occupational injury rates are reported in musicians, with a career prevalence of up to 89%. Fatigue and playing (over)load are identified as key risk factors for musicians injuries. Self-report fatigue management strategies in sport have demonstrated preventive effects. A self-report fatigue management tool for musicians was developed based on a Delphi survey of international experts and hosted in an online app. The aims of this study are to evaluate the content validity and uptake of this new tool, and explore associations between collected performance quality, physical/psychological stress, pain, injury and fatigue data. Methods: University and professional musicians were asked to provide entries into the online app twice per week for one to six months. Entries into the app were designed to take 2-3 minutes to complete and consisted of the following: 6 questions regarding playing load over the previous 72 hours; 5 questions regarding current levels in key physical/ psychological stress domains (sleep, recovery, overplaying, pain, fitness); one question self-rating of performance quality over the previous day; one question regarding current musculoskeletal symptoms; a reaction time task to evaluate psychomotor fatigue. Results: N=96 participants provided an average of 2 app entries (range 0 to 43). Increased playing time, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and feelings of having to play too much were consistently associated with increased self-rated performance quality (p<.004; 6.7<t<2148.5). Increased ratings of feeling fit and recovering well were consistently associated with reduced pain severity (p<.001; 3.8<t<20.4). Pain severity was increased (6.5/10 vs. 2.5/10; p<.001) in participants reporting playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs; symptoms affecting playing). Conclusion: The prospective value of regular individual self-report playing load, stress, and performance data collection in musicians is clear. However, limited uptake of the online fatigue management app piloted in this study indicates that new approaches to the collection of these data are needed to realize their potential impact.
Neural mechanisms of emotional health in traumatic brain injury patients undergoing rTMS treatment

Emotional dysregulation such as that seen in depression, are a long-term consequence of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), that can be improved by using neuromodulation treatments such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Previous studies provide insights into the changes in functional connectivity related to general emotional health after the application of rTMS procedures in patients with TBI. However, these studies provide little understanding of the underlying neuronal mechanisms that drive the improvement of the emotional health in these patients. The current study focuses on inferring the effective (causal) connectivity changes, after rTMS treatment of cognitive problems in TBI patients (N=32), and their association with emotional health. Specifically, we used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging together with spectral dynamic causal model to investigate changes in brain effective connectivity, before and after the application of high frequency (10 Hz) rTMS over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We investigated the effective connectivity of the cortico-limbic network comprised of 11 regions of interest which are part of the default mode, salience and executive control networks, known to be implicated in emotional processing. The results indicate that overall, among extrinsic connections, the strength of excitatory connections decreased while that of inhibitory connections increased indicating reduction in the activity of all the inspected brain regions after the neuromodulation. The cardinal region in the analysis was dorsal anterior cingulate cortex which is considered to be the most influenced during emotional health disorders. Our findings implicate the altered connectivity of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex with left anterior insula and medial prefrontal cortex, after the application of rTMS, as a potential neural mechanism underlying improvement of emotional health. Our investigation highlights the importance of these brain regions as treatment targets in emotional processing in TBI.
Spectroscopic follow-up of 70-μm sources in Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic Legacy Survey

We present spectroscopic follow-up observations of 70-μm selected galaxies from the Spitzer Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic Survey XMM-LSS and Lockman Hole fields. We have measured spectroscopic redshifts for 293 new sources down to a 70 μm flux limit of 9 mJy and r < 22 mag. The redshift distribution peaks at z ∼ 0.3 and has a high redshift tail out to z = 3.5. We perform emission line diagnostics for 91 sources where [O III], Hβ, [Nn], Hα and [S n] emission lines are available to determine their power source. We find in our sample 13 quasi-stellar objects, one type 2 Seyfert galaxy, 33 star-forming galaxies, 30 composite galaxies, five LINERs and 21 ambiguous galaxies. We fit single temperature dust spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to 81 70-μm sources with 160-μm photometry to estimate dust temperatures and masses. Assuming the dust emissivity factor (β) as 1.5, we determine dust temperatures in the range ∼20―60K and dust masses with a range of 10 6 ―10 9 M ⊙ . Plotting these objects in the luminosity-temperature diagram suggests that these objects have lower dust temperatures than local IR luminous galaxies. The Herschel Space Observatory will be crucial in understanding the nature of these sources and to accurately determine the shape of the Rayleigh-Jeans tail of the dust SED. We then model SEDs from optical to far-IR (FIR) for each source using a set of galaxy and quasar templates in the optical and near-IR and with a set of dust emission templates [cirrus, M82 starburst, Arp 220 starburst and active galactic nucleus (AGN) dust torus] in the mid-IR to FIR. The numbers of objects fitted with each dust template are 57 Arp 220, 127 M82, nine cirrus, one AGN dust torus, 70 M82 and cirrus, 26 M82 and AGN dust torus, and three Arp 220 and AGN dust torus. We determine the total IR luminosity (L IR ) in range 10 8 ―10 15 L ⊙ by integrating the SED models from 8 to 1000 μm.
SATURATION OF THE MAGNETO-ROTATIONAL INSTABILITY IN STRONGLY RADIATION-DOMINATED ACCRETION DISKS

The saturation level of the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in a strongly radiation-dominated accretion disk is studied using a new Godunov radiation MHD code in the unstratified shearing box approximation. Since vertical gravity is neglected in this work, our focus is on how the MRI saturates in the optically thick mid-plane of the disk. We confirm that turbulence generated by the MRI is very compressible in the radiation-dominated regime, as found by previous calculations using the flux-limited diffusion approximation. We also find little difference in the saturation properties in calculations that use a larger horizontal domain (up to four times the vertical scale height in the radial direction). However, in strongly radiation pressure dominated disks (one in which the radiation energy density reaches ∼1% of the rest mass energy density of the gas), we find that Maxwell stress from the MRI turbulence is larger than the value produced when radiation pressure is replaced with the same amount of gas pressure. At the same time, the ratio between Maxwell stress and Reynolds stress is increased by almost a factor of eight compared with the gas pressure dominated case. We suggest that this effect is caused by radiation drag, which acts like bulk viscosity and changes the effective magnetic Prandtl number of the fluid. Radiation viscosity significantly exceeds both the microscopic plasma viscosity and resistivity, ensuring that radiation-dominated systems occupy the high magnetic Prandtl number regime. Nevertheless, we find that radiative shear viscosity is negligible compared to the Maxwell stress and Reynolds stress in the flow. This may have important implications for the structure of radiation-dominated accretion disks.
Examples of finitely determined map-germs of corank 2 from $n$-space to $(n+1)$-space

We produce new examples supporting the Mond conjecture which can be stated as follows. The number of parameters needed for a miniversal unfolding of a finitely determined map-germ from $n$-space to $(n+1)$-space is less than (or equal to if the map-germ is weighted homogeneous) the rank of the $n$th homology group of the image of a stable perturbation of the map-germ. We give examples of finitely determined map-germs of corank 2 from 3-space to 4-space satisfying the conjecture. We introduce a new type of augmentations to generate series of finitely determined map-germs in dimensions $(n,n+1)$ from a given one in dimensions $(n-1,n)$. We present more examples in dimensions $(4,5)$ and $(5,6)$ based on our examples, and verify the conjecture for them.
Development and application of a novel AR-tool being used in energy renovations

The majority of the buildings in Sweden were constructed before national energy codes became effective. Although performing energy renovations and/or energy-related maintenances can significantly improve the energy performance of these buildings, the energy renovation rate is very low in Sweden. The low energy renovation rate is associated with various challenges including lack of technical drawings to specify the position of hidden objects and lack of information about material specifications. An augmented reality (AR) tool was therefore developed to not only locate the position of hidden objects but also create IFC files being used by BIM management systems. The tool was later applied in real practice to evaluate its effectiveness in detecting hidden objects. The analyses of results showed that the application of the AR tool in energy renovations and/or energy efficiency-related maintenances can be beneficial as it could successfully locate hidden objects. However, the application of the AR-tool had different limitations related to the sensitivity of sensors in detecting hidden objects, connections between the software programs and hardware devices to integrate the digital information into the real-life environment, and finally time required for setting up the AR tool.
Multielectron High Harmonic Generation: Simple Man on a Complex Plane

From the famous classical "simple man" model to the recent multichannel model for polyatomic molecules, this tutorial will guide you through the several landmarks in our understanding of high harmonic generation and high harmonic spectroscopy. Our goal was to provide recipes and insights for modelling the harmonic response in various regimes, from the single active electron regime typical for noble gas atoms to the laser-driven attosecond hole dynamics in polyatomics. We have tried to pay particular attention to both simple recipes and their limitations, including the connection of real-valued classical and complex-valued quantum times and velocities. In addition to physical pictures, general approaches and their practical realizations, we have also tried to discuss some of the sticky technical issues, such as the possibility to factorize high harmonic response into the three steps of ionization, propagation and recombination and practical ways to treat strong field ionization, search for the saddle points of multi-dimensional integrals, deal with poles arising in the quantum-mechanical integrands, remove divergences appearing in approximate saddle point expressions, etc.
Improved methodology for affordable, reliable deep building renovations

European Union energy efficiency goals put refurbishments in focus as the existing building stock takes a high share in the final energy consumption meanwhile current refurbishment rates are lower than expected. This research attempts to answer the question: How can renovation processes be improved to raise renovation rates? The methodology development process consisted of identifying the methodological background, the phases and steps of the renovation process and the validation strategies. As a result, five methodological phases were identified. Renovations start with the Feasibility phase where a simple financial and technical assessment is carried out. During the Preparation phase necessary information is collected which results in a calibrated simulation model that can support the design. In the Design phase the renovation options are developed and assessed together with a business plan for financing the implementation through renovation cycles. The renovation measures are carried out during the Implementation phase. In the Operation phase the performance of the refurbished building is monitored and improved. The developed methodology is expected to provide more affordable, reliable building renovations, which reduces the performance gap, the upfront investment and the disruption of user life by reducing overall time on site. This results in an increased investment efficiency leading to higher uptake of refurbishments.
Overview of renal osteodystrophy in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Epidemiologic profile of renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is changing over time and cross sectional studies provide essential information to improve care and health policies. The Brazilian Registry of Bone Biopsy (REBRABO) is a prospective, national multicenter cohort that aims to provide clinical information on ROD. Methods: From Aug/2015 to Dec/2021, clinical, demographic, laboratory and ROD information were included. Results: Data from 386 individuals were considered. Age was 52 (42 to 60) years; 198 (51%) were male; 315 (82%) were on hemodialysis; osteitis fibrosa (OF) [163 (42%)] and adynamic bone disease (ABD) [96 (25%)] were the most prevalent forms of ROD; 190 (49%) had the diagnosis of osteoporosis, 82 (56%) vascular calcification; 138 (36%) bone aluminum accumulation and 137 (36%) iron intoxication; patients with high turnover were prone to present a higher prevalence of symptoms. Conclusions: Elevated proportion of patients were diagnosed with OF and ABD, as well as osteoporosis, vascular calcification and clinical symptoms.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Getting COVID-19 Vaccine: Do Age, Gender, and Education Matter?

Objectives: COVID-19 disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities and vaccine can help mitigate infection and transition, decrease rate of hospitalization, lower mortality rate, and control the pandemic. This study aims to examine disparities in COVID-19 vaccination rate by age among Whites, Hispanics, Blacks, and Asian Americans, and the modification effects by gender and education. Methods: We used seven waves of biweekly surveys from the Household Pulse Survey collected between July 21, 2021, and October 11, 2021. Results: Asians reported the highest, Blacks reported the lowest vaccination rate, and gender differences were minimal. Increasing age was associated with higher vaccination rate except for the oldest age group. The decline was from 84.4% (70–79 years) to 41.1% (80–88 years: 41.1%) among Hispanics and 92.8% to 69.6% among Asians. Educational effect was the most salient among younger adults with the largest gaps observed in Blacks. Among 18–29-year Black participants, the vaccination rates were 31.1% (confidence interval [95% CI]: 25.7–37.1) for high school or lower, 58.9% (95% CI: 54.2–63.5) for some college or associate degree, and 74.2% (95% CI: 69.4–78.5) for bachelor or higher degrees, leaving a 43.1% gap between the lowest and the highest education levels. The gaps in this age group were 33.7% among Whites, 32.1% among Hispanics, and 20.5% among Asian Americans. Conclusion: Our study advances the existing literature on COVID-19 vaccination by providing empirical evidence on the dynamic race/ethnic–age–education differences across racial/ethnic groups. The findings from our study provide scientific foundation for the development of more strategies to improve vaccination rate for the minority populations.
Generalism drives abundance: A computational causal discovery approach

A ubiquitous pattern in ecological systems is that more abundant species tend to be more generalist; that is, they interact with more species or can occur in wider range of habitats. However, there is no consensus on whether generalism drives abundance (a selection process) or abundance drives generalism (a drift process). As it is difficult to conduct direct experiments to solve this chicken-and-egg dilemma, previous studies have used a causal discovery method based on formal logic and have found that abundance drives generalism. Here, we refine this method by correcting its bias regarding skewed distributions, and employ two other independent causal discovery methods based on nonparametric regression and on information theory, respectively. Contrary to previous work, all three independent methods strongly indicate that generalism drives abundance when applied to datasets on plant-hummingbird communities and reef fishes. Furthermore, we find that selection processes are more important than drift processes in structuring multispecies systems when the environment is variable. Our results showcase the power of the computational causal discovery approach to aid ecological research.
Protective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Lippia citriodora Kunth. on acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity

Objective: Acrylamide (ACR) neurotoxicity is induced by different mechanisms such as oxidative stress and apoptosis. Scientific researchs have indicated the antioxidative properties of Lippia citriodora. The protective effect of L. citriodora aqueous and ethanolic extracts on ACR-induced neurotoxicity was investigated. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 13 groups: (1) control, (2) ACR (50 mg/kg, i.p.), (3-6) ACR+aqueous extract (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.), (7-10) ACR+ethanolic extract (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.), (11) aqueous extract (100 mg/kg), (12) ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg), and (13) ACR+Vitamin E (200 mg/kg, every other day, i.p.). After 11 days, gait score, MDA, and GSH levels in brain cortical tissue were measured. In the in vitro test, the viability of PC12 cells (using MTT test), the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS; using DCFH-DA method), and the protein levels of Bax, Bcl2 and caspase 3 (by western blotting) were measured. Results: In the in vitro study, the IC50 for the treatment of PC 12 cells with ACR after 24 hr was 6 mM. ACR decreased cell viability, but increased ROS level, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and caspase-3 protein level. Pre-treatment by L. citriodora extracts (15-120 µg/ml) ameliorated the toxic effects of ACR on PC12 cells. In the in vivo experiment, ACR-induced movement disorders increased MDA but decreased GSH content. The extracts of L. citriodora improved ACR toxic effects. Conclusion: Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of L. citriodora were found to reduce ACR-induced neurotoxicity via inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis.