Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radial parallel plate flow with mechanical agitation

Computer processors have significant and rising cooling requirements, with electronics cooling estimated to consume 1% of global energy consumption. An integrated fan heat sink was designed to help alleviate this issue, and is designed to simultaneously improve heat transfer and efficiency. Current designs chiefly focus on improving heat transfer without concern for overall energy efficiency. The novel heat sink integrates fans directly into a heat pipe loop, with impellers located in between series of parallel condensers, with a single evaporator located on the interface of the heated chip. The proximity of the fans to the hot surfaces improves overall heat transfer while maintaining a high efficiency. The impellers push air radially outward through parallel heated plates, with an air intake from the center. Little research has been done on the fluid mechanic properties of this physical situation, particularly with an impeller agitating the air stream. For the design of the integrated heat sink, it is desirable to understand the thermal properties of the channel in terms of various parameters such as impeller geometry and speed, gap thickness, and mass flow rates. Experiments were performed to determine the local heat transfer coefficient between two heated plates with the presence of an impeller with different parameters. The results from these tests were used to infer the properties of the flow. These experiments are designed to replicate the flow in one distinct channel in the integrated fan heat sink, and can be expanded to observe the convective heat transfer characteristics of the entire device. It was found that the impellers enhance heat transfer significantly beyond that of inducing flow, by up to five times. It was then shown that the presence of impeller blades have a direct effect on the heat transfer by comparing different size impellers. Both mass flow rate (radial Reynolds number) and rotational velocity of the impeller were found to have significant, independent, effects on heat transfer. The cause of the increase in heat transfer from the blades is from an increase in turbulent mixing. Thesis Supervisor: J.G. Brisson Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering
The representation of native and non bilinguals

In a series of two experiments the representation of L2 words and non-words was analyzed. Catalan-Spanish bilinguals, differing in their L1, were asked to perform a lexical decision task on Catalan words and non-words. Non-words were based on real words, but with one vowel replaced. Critically, this vowel change could involve a Catalan contrast which Spanish natives find difficult to perceive. The results confirmed and extended our previous results in that in spite of early and intensive exposure, Spanish-dominant bilinguals fail to perceive some Catalan-contrasts and that this failure has consequences at the
The Effect of Dividend Policy, Profitability, and Leverage on Firm Value

The purpose of this study is analyze the effect of dividend policy, profitability and leverage on firm value. The population in this study were banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 study period using 39 observation samples for 13 sample companies. The sample was selected by purposive sampling. The analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that dividend policy has no effect on firm value, profitability has a positive effect on firm value, and leverage has a positive effect on firm value.
Informal social interactions, behavior, and academic achievement

We study the e ects of informal social interactions on academic achievement and behavior using idiosyncratic variation in peer groups stemming from changes in bus routes across elementary, middle, and high school. In early grades, a one standarddeviation change in the value-added of same-grade bus peers corresponds to a 0.01 SD change in academic performance and a 0.03 SD change in behavior; by high school, these magnitudes grow to 0.04 SD and 0.06 SD. These ndings suggest that student interactions outside the classroom especially in adolescence may be an important factor in the education production function. ∗Matthew A. Lenard mlenard@g.harvard. edu; Mikko Silliman silliman@g.harvard. edu. We are grateful to current and former Wake County Public Schools System sta for their support, especially Elc Estera, Brad McMillen, Bob Snidemiller, and Je rey Tsai. We are thankful to seminar participants at Harvard, IZA, VATT, and AEFP, and Scott Carell, Raj Chetty, Christopher Cleveland, David Deming, Elias Einiö, Ingo Isphording, Martti Kaila, Ezra Karger, Michal Kurlander, Luke Miratrix, Amanda Pallais, Eric Taylor, Marty West, and Ulf Zoelitz for comments. This research received IRB approval from Harvard University (IRB Protocol Number: 21-0771).
Investigation of the intrameniscal forces : experiment on porcine knee joints and formulation of mathematical models.

Mechanisms of the knee joint have always been of interest to orthopaedic surgeons, prosthesis designers and biomechanical engineers. Meniscal injuries are common and the impact of such injuries on the patients is tremendous. Therefore, it is of great interest to investigate the load transmission mechanism in the knee and especially in the menisci. In this project, the load transfer mechanism was investigated through the direct measurement of the intrameniscal forces of the porcine knee joint using miniature sensors. Such attempts will provide quantitative indications into the load distribution and provide insights into the failure mechanism of the natural knee. In this report, variation of intrameniscal stress with joint angulations, applied torque and time were determined. This approach is unique as there has been no attempt in measurement of the forces inside the meniscus. In addition, mathematical models of the articular cartilage and meniscus are derived to explain the variation of intrameniscal stress with time. From the investigations done on the intrameniscal force, it was found that measurement of intrameniscal force is possible. In a porcine knee joint, anterior region of the lateral meniscus experienced high stresses during hyperextension. During hyperflexion, posterior regions of both lateral and medial menisci were under high stresses. Anterior region of the lateral meniscus was under highest stresses during external rotation and posterior region of the lateral meniscus was under highest stresses during internal rotation of the knee joint. In general, higher stresses were observed during external rotation as compared to internal rotation of the porcine knee. Highest stresses typically occur in extreme joint positions (hyperextension, hyperflexion, internal rotation and external rotation) and these suggest that extreme positions with high applied torque and a combination of extreme positions on the knee joint should be avoided. Experimental results for variation of intrameniscal stress with time implied that there was a load transfer from articular cartilage to meniscus with time. This load shift behaviour will protect the articular cartilage if the knee joint is under static loading. This stress versus time behaviour can be explained by a viscoelastic power-law model. i ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library
A STUDY OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PATIENTS OF WESTERN INDIA FOR PREVALANCE OF ANTI THYROID PEROXIDASE ANTIBODY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA

Background: In comparison to overt hypothyroidism Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is more common and considered as mild thyroid failure. SCH is also having high probability to convert into overt hypothyroidism. It is well established fact that overt hypothyroidism is associated with dyslipdemia but It is controversial in SCH and there are few Indian studies suggesting correlation between TPO positivity and lipid abnormalities in SCH. Hence, Aim of this study to find the association between dyslipidemia and TPO positivity in SCH patients. Methods: 175 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism were recruited fromOPD&IPD department of medicine Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital Jaipur. After overnight fasting blood samples were drawn in the morning and serum TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) levels, as well as lipid concentrations were measured. Results: Significantly high(p < 0.001) Cholesterol, LDL, TG level in Anti-TPO (+ ve) group while HDL level was significantly low(p=0.003) in Anti TPO (+ ve)group. Patients were divided according to levels of TSH. Significantly high(p value< 0.001) levels of Anti-TPO, Cholesterol, LDL was found in patients having TSH levels >10 in comparison to TSH levels ≤ 10. while there were no statistical difference (p value >0.05)in values of TG, VLDL, HDL levels between both groups. Conclusions: In SCH patients, dyslipidemia is significantly associated with TPO positivity and it may be associated with levels of TSH, such patients may convert into overt hypothyroidism in future. Hence to prevent adverse outcomes early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of SCH patients are recommended.
STRUCTURAL MODELING AND SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF CONDENSATE STORAGE TANKS

Condensate storage tanks (CSTs) are important facilities in nuclear power plants (NPPs) and classified as critical lifeline structures requiring good seismic performance since they store and provide cooling water used during normal NPP operation and in accidents. Relatively simple and sufficiently accurate structural models of CSTs are needed to evaluate the seismic safety and reliability of CSTs in NPPs in view of phenomenological and modeling uncertainties. The dynamic behavior of steel cylindrical CSTs wellanchored to the ground is studied using two simplified 2D numerical models and a detailed 3D finite element (FE) model. The simulations include the effects of fluid-structure interaction, predict the hydrodynamic pressure distribution of the liquid on tank body, and consider the sloshing behavior in CST when subjected to the selected ground motions. The dynamic characteristics and seismic response are investigated using the results from modal and time history analysis. The results of the time history analyses, including stress distribution, sloshing effects, base shear force, and overturning moments, are evaluated. The modeling results obtained from numerical simulations can be used in probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) of a NPP during a seismic event.
Study of P Nutrient Soil Test Calibration in Determining P Fertilization Recommendations Shallots in Ultisol Soil

The P calibration test was carried out from March 2015 to January 2016, the selected location was in Kentrong Village, Malangsari Village, Cipanas, Lebak, Banten Province. The research objective was to determine the recommendation for P fertilization of shallot plants in Ultisols using soil testing, with a single location approach. The study used a split-plot design with 5 replications.The main plot treatment was the soil P nutrient status, namely 0X, 1 / 4X, 1 / 2X, 3 / 4X, and X, where X is half the value of nutrient absorption P of 1033.3 kg P ha−1. The P application used phosphoric acid (H3PO4), the dosages of each level were 0, 258.3, 516.65, 775, and 1033.3 kg P ha−1, equivalent to 0, 0.97, 1.94, 2.9, and 3.87 kg P plot−1. Fertilization of P in subplots using SP-36, the doses of P fertilizer for subplots were 0, 591.6, 1183.3, 1774.9, and 2366.6 kg P2O5 ha−1, equivalent to 0, 0.44, 0.89, 1.33, and 1.77 kg P2O5 plot−1. The results showed that the interval limits for the availability of P nutrients extracted with Truog for very low, low, medium, high and very high classifications were <1, 1 - <9, 9 - <28, ≥ 28 ppm P. Maximum requirement for P fertilizer for shallot plants in ultisol soils in low and medium nutrient availability classes are 1850 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 1310 kg P2O5 ha-1. The optimum requirement for P fertilizer is 1315 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 765 kg P2O5 ha−1
Thermo-mechanical limits of a magnetically driven fast-ion loss detector in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

A real-time control system is being developed for a magnetically driven Fast-Ion Loss Detector (FILD) at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. The insertion of the diagnostic head will be adjusted in real-time to react to changes in the graphite head temperature, plasma position and appearance of MHD instabilities. The graphite probe head of the detector is exposed to an intense heat flux (located ∼3–5 cm from separatrix). The control algorithm performance is constrained by: the graphite head sublimation temperature, the ultimate stress limit, the reaction time of the controller and the retraction time. In this work, the temperature and thermal induced stress distribution on the probe head are assessed to determine what temperature-related magnitude is the limiting factor. The heat flux at the probe head has been estimated using the time-averaged parallel heat flux measured at the divertor target via infrared thermography. A field line tracing algorithm determines which regions of the probe head receives a weighted heat flux due to shadowing (self-induced or from other structures) and the incidence angle of the field lines. A finite element model is used to simulate the temporal evolution of the graphite head temperature and to obtain the induced thermal stress. The temperature spatial distribution at the probe head is validated against measurements of the probe head for different FILD systems showing a good agreement. These measurements have been obtained from visible cameras with an infrared filter. The model concludes that the maximum stress (∼100 MPa) does not overcome the graphite mechanical limit (170 MPa) and that the probe head is not affected by fatigue. Therefore, the graphite sublimation temperature (2000 °C) is set as the limiting factor of the new control system.
Extraction of essential oils, and active compounds from Matricaria chamomillal and their application in toilet soap

Essential oil was extracted from Matricaria Chamomilla L. Various compounds present in the essential oil were identified using thin layer and gas chromatographic techniques and then isolated into pure components using column chromatographic technique. Compounds present in the essential oil were confirmed by various spectrophotometric methods. IR and NMR spectra confirms the structures o f four natural occurring compounds. The major and stable components isolated were farnesene, chamazulene, {-)-alpha-bisabolol and bisabololoxides. The antifungal activity in vitro of the isolated compounds o f the chamomile oil, crude chamomile oil, aqueous flower extracts and toilet soap impregnated with various concentrations o f crude chamomile oil and bisabololoxides were tested against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and compared with the antifungal activity of griseofulvin, the most effective drug for the treatment o f fungal diseases. The toilet soap used was prepared from 80% tallow, 20% coconut oil and small amounts o f borax. The diameter of inhibition zone was used as a measure of the antifungal activity. Crude chamomile oil, farnesene, (-) -a//? /? a-bisabolol and bisabololoxides were active and so were crude chamomile oil and bisabololoxides incorporated in soap. Chamazulene and aqueous
Competitiveness analysis of Indonesian processes and non-processed agricultural commodities in the ASEAN Region

The commitment of the ASEAN Economic Community opens opportunities up for member countries including Indonesia to improve the trade balance, especially in processed and non-processed agricultural products. These opportunities should be followed by increasing the competitiveness of each country. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of exports of processed and non-processed Indonesian agricultural products in the ASEAN region and the competitiveness of exports of agricultural products in ASEAN countries to the main destination countries. TSI analysis was used to determine the development of exports, while the Constant Market Share (CMS) and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) approaches are used to analyze the competitiveness and competitive advantages of each ASEAN member country. The results showed that Indonesia was in the top position for the export of agricultural processed products in 2009 with a TSI reaching 0.87. Whereas non-processed agricultural products led by Thailand with TSI reached 0.89. Increased competitiveness of processed and non-processed products is more influenced by increased demand in export destination countries. The RCA index of non - processed agricultural products in Thailand reached a peak in 2014 at a 3.2 position, while Indonesia had the highest RCA index in agricultural processed products which reached 8.80. This shows that Indonesia has comparative advantages in agricultural processed products compared to other countries in ASEAN.
Predicting flood damage probability across the conterminous United States

Floods are the leading cause of natural disaster damages in the United States, with billions of dollars incurred every year in the form of government payouts, property damages, and agricultural losses. The Federal Emergency Management Agency oversees the delineation of floodplains to mitigate damages, but disparities exist between locations designated as high risk and where flood damages occur due to land use and climate changes and incomplete floodplain mapping. We harnessed publicly available geospatial datasets and random forest algorithms to analyze the spatial distribution and underlying drivers of flood damage probability (FDP) caused by excessive rainfall and overflowing water bodies across the conterminous United States. From this, we produced the first spatially complete map of FDP for the nation, along with spatially explicit standard errors for four selected cities. We trained models using the locations of historical reported flood damage events (n = 71 434) and a suite of geospatial predictors (e.g. flood severity, climate, socio-economic exposure, topographic variables, soil properties, and hydrologic characteristics). We developed independent models for each hydrologic unit code level 2 watershed and generated a FDP for each 100 m pixel. Our model classified damage or no damage with an average area under the curve accuracy of 0.75; however, model performance varied by environmental conditions, with certain land cover classes (e.g. forest) resulting in higher error rates than others (e.g. wetlands). Our results identified FDP hotspots across multiple spatial and regional scales, with high probabilities common in both inland and coastal regions. The highest flood damage probabilities tended to be in areas of low elevation, in close proximity to streams, with extreme precipitation, and with high urban road density. Given rapid environmental changes, our study demonstrates an efficient approach for updating FDP estimates across the nation.
Internal factors and competency on the performance model of self-support agricultural extensional agents in Serang City

This study was conducted to analyze the internal factors that affect the competence and performance of self-support agricultural extension agents in Serang City. The study was designed as explanatory research, which explains the variables’ position and the causal relationship between variables with a quantitative approach using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. Data collection was carried out from April to June 2021 with 34 respondents. The types of data collected were primary and secondary data. The data scale in this study was in the form of ratio data for internal factor variables and ordinal data for competence and performance variables. Based on the data processing results on the performance model of self-support agricultural extension agents in Serang City, it can be concluded that internal factors have a significant direct influence on competence with an influence value of 0.354. Internal factors also significantly influence the performance of self-support agricultural extension agents either directly with a value of 0.297 or indirectly through the competence variable with a value of 0.223. Competence also has a significant effect on performance, with a value of 0.631. Internal factors include training, experience, cosmopolitanism, and social status aspects. Competence must be enhanced to increase the performance of self-supporting agricultural educators. Competence of self-support agricultural teachers refers to the ability and capacity of self-support agricultural instructors to perform their duties. Enhancing the competence and performance of self-supporting agricultural extension workers can be accomplished by boosting their internal factors such as training, experience, and global exposure through training, internships, courses, and coordination meetings. Meanwhile, when recruiting independent agricultural extension workers, socioeconomic status might be considered.
Searches for sub-PeV photons in coincidence with neutrinos

The mechanisms of origin of ultrahigh-energy gamma radiation are poorly studied. One way to find out is to search for temporal and directional coincidences of high-energy galactic neutrinos with photons of similar energies. The results of such a search could provide indications of the hadronic origin of this radiation. In this paper, we report on the search for photons with energies above 300 TeV in coincidence with high–energy neutrinos. The searches of ultrahigh–energy gammas were carried out at the Carpet–2 EAS array, using three years of data taking.
Genetic variability and Heritability of Agronomic Traits of Selected Green Super Rice (GSR) Lines in Indonesia

GSR have been designed to have high and stable yields either under optimum or less chemical and water input conditions which is much required to meet the challenge of maintaining food security in Indonesia. This research aimed to test heritability and genetic variability of agronomic traits of GSR lines selected in Indonesia. Eighteen promising GSR lines identified from the second and third batch of IRRI bred GSR lines were tested along with Ciherang and Inpari 13 as check. The trial was conducted under irrigated conditions during WS2013 at ICRR Experimental Station in Sukamandi by transplanting at 21 days old seedlings with 20 x 20 cm spacing in a 6 m2 plot size laid out in a randomized complete block design of 3 replications. Heritability analysis showed that all traits had high heritability unless seed set and yield. All Traits had wide genetic variability unless yield. The tested lines had comparable yield with both checks. Among the lines, HHZ5-DT1-DT1 had been released for rainfed lowland named Inpari 46 GSR TDH.
Effect of FPI in Debt on Yields of Indian Government Securities

Yields of government securities of various maturities give us the interest rate term structure This is used for pricing of financial instruments and making macroeconomic policies . Macroeconomic variables like output, inflation, fiscal deficit, call money rate and exchange rate have been shown to affect the gsec yields. This study focuses on effect of FPI in debt on yields. In India the FPI regime started in 2014.Since then the limits of debt investments by FPIs have been raised. An increase in FPI in gsec is expected to increase their prices and lower their yields. A regression analysis is conducted to study the effect of FPI in debt on yields of gsec of 1,5 and 10 years maturity. Findings show that an increase in FPI lowered gsec yields during the period of study April 2014 to March 2020 , though for some maturity the coefficient was not statistically significant.