Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Ink Transfer Rate of 3D Additive Printing Using EGBO Optimized Least Squares Support Vector Machine Model

Ink transfer rate (ITR) is a reference index to measure the quality of 3D additive printing. In this study, an ink transfer rate prediction model is proposed by applying the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). In addition, enhanced garden balsam optimization (EGBO) is used for selection and optimization of hyperparameters that are embedded in the LSSVM model. 102 sets of experimental sample data have been collected from the production line to train and test the hybrid prediction model. Experimental results show that the coefficient of determination (R2) for the introduced model is equal to 0.8476, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is 6.6 × 10 (−3), and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 1.6502 × 10 (−3) for the ink transfer rate of 3D additive printing.
Biosolubilization of rock phosphate by Pleurotus ostreatus with brewery sludge and its effect on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract Rock Phosphate (RP) is a natural phosphorus source which can be an alternative to chemical fertilizers; but unfortunately, we lack technologies to make it applicable in alkaline soils. Therefore the aim of this work was to study the effects of phosphorous solubilizing fungus Pleurotus ostreatus on rock phosphate solubilization and its effect on growth of Zea mays L. incorporated with brewery sludge. The activity of the selected strain indicates the formation of the halo zone supplemented with rock phosphate. The maximum concentration of soluble phosphorus (P) was found at the 9th day of incubation in Pikovskaya’s broth containing rock phosphate as P source. The inoculation of P. ostreatus with RP and brewery sludge significantly increased the root length (49%), shoot length (27%), root fresh weight (20%), root dry weight (46%), shoot fresh weight (89%), shoot dry weight (87%), chlorophyll content (79%) and nutrient accumulation, i.e., P (2.13), K (4.48), Ca (134.21), Mg (38.09), Cu (1.70), Mn (5.15), Zn (12.08), S (78.25) times greater than control in Zea mays L. The phosphatic residues after microbial solubilization showed structural and elemental changes confirmed by SEM and FE-SEM attached with energy-dispersive X-ray. The XRD and FTIR pattern shows that the mineral constituent of the treated sample signifies the proper P solubilization. Though few reports are available on P. ostreatus but biosolubilization with rock phosphate in the presence of brewery sludge is not yet reported. Overall, these findings suggest a possible application of the abundant waste materials on the sustainable growth of the plants.
Seasonal Effect on Hemispheric Asymmetry in Ionospheric Horizontal and Field‐Aligned Currents

We present a statistical investigation of the seasonal effect on hemispheric asymmetry in the auroral currents during low (Kp < 2) and high (Kp ≥ 2) geomagnetic activity. Five years of magnetic data from the Swarm satellites has been analyzed by applying the spherical elementary current system (SECS) method. Bootstrap resampling has been used to remove the seasonal differences between the hemispheres in the data set. In general, the currents are larger in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) than in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Asymmetry is larger during low than high Kp and during local winter and local autumn than local summer and local spring. For all Kp conditions together, the NH/SH ratio for FACs in winter, autumn, spring, and summer are 1.17 ± 0.05, 1.14 ± 0.05, 1.07 ± 0.04, and 1.02 ± 0.04, respectively. The largest asymmetry is observed during low Kp in local winter, when the excess in the NH currents is 21 ± 5% in FAC, 14 ± 3% in curl‐free (CF) and 10 ± 3% in divergence‐free (DF) current. We also find that evening sector (13–24 MLT) contributes more to the high NH/SH ratio than the morning (01–12 MLT) sector. The physical mechanisms producing the hemispheric asymmetry are not presently understood. We calculated the solar‐induced ionospheric conductances during low Kp conditions from the IRI model. The model conductance NH/SH ratios are above 1 in autumn and spring, similar to the currents, but below 1 for winter, which is in contradiction with the currents. Therefore, we do not consider solar‐induced conductances as the main explanation for hemispheric asymmetry.
Bubble coalescence in low-viscosity power-law fluids

Abstract As two spherical gas bubbles of radii $\tilde {R}$ are brought together inside a liquid of density $\tilde {\rho }$, viscosity $\tilde {\mu }$ and surface tension $\tilde {\sigma }$, the liquid sheet separating them drains, thins and ultimately ruptures. The instant and location at which the bubbles make contact, and whereby a circular hole of vanishingly small radius is formed in the thin sheet, represent the occurrence of a finite-time singularity. The large curvature near the edge of the sheet where the hole has just formed, and where the two bubbles are now connected via a microscopic gas bridge, drives liquid to flow radially outward, causing the sheet to retract and the radius of the hole $\tilde {R}_{min}$ to increase with time. Recent work in this area has uncovered self-similarity and universal scaling regimes when two bubbles coalesce in a Newtonian fluid. Motivated by applications in which the exterior is a deformation-rate-thinning, power-law fluid, recent studies on bubble coalescence in Newtonian fluids are extended to coalescence in power-law fluids. In such fluids, viscosity decreases with deformation rate $\dot {\tilde {\gamma }}$ raised to the $n - 1$ power where $0 < n \le 1$ ($n = 1$ for a Newtonian fluid). Attention is focused here on power-law fluids that are slightly viscous at zero deformation rate, i.e. when the Ohnesorge number $Oh = \tilde {\mu }_{0}/(\tilde {\rho } \tilde {R} \tilde {\sigma })^{1/2}$ is small ($Oh \ll 1$) and where $\tilde {\mu }_0$ is the zero-deformation-rate viscosity. A combination of thin-film theory and three-dimensional, axisymmetric computations is used to probe the dynamics in the aftermath of the singularity. Heretofore unexplored regimes are uncovered, and criteria are developed for transitions between different regimes. The existence of a truly inviscid regime, predicted long ago by Keller (Phys. Fluids, vol. 26, 1983, pp. 3451–3453) and which comes into play as a purely geometrical limit of the free-surface shape, is also reported. New insights are presented on the much studied Newtonian limit beyond the initial regime reported by Munro et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 773, 2015, R3). The paper concludes with a phase diagram in $(n, \tilde {R}_{min}/\tilde {R})$-space, where the index $n$ characterizes the fluid and $\tilde {R}_{min}/\tilde {R}$ the extent of coalescence, that highlights the various regimes and transitions between them.
A synthesis of carbon dioxide and methane dynamics during the ice‐covered period of northern lakes

The ice‐covered period on lakes in the northern hemisphere has often been neglected or assumed to have less importance relative to the open water season. However, recent studies challenge this convention, suggesting that the winter period is more dynamic than previously thought. In this review, we synthesize the current understanding of under‐ice carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) dynamics, highlighting the annual importance of CO2 and CH4 emissions from lakes at ice‐melt. We compiled data from 25 studies that showed that the ice‐melt period represents 17% and 27% of the annual CO2 and CH4 emissions, respectively. We also found evidence that the magnitude and type of emission (i.e., CO2 and CH4) varies with characteristics of lakes including geographic location, lake morphometry, and physicochemical conditions. The scarcity of winter and spring carbon data from northern lakes represents a major gap in our understanding of annual budgets in these lakes and calls for future research during this key period.
Managing pediatric haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in a resource limited setting-A 3 years experience

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and fatal entity in children with fever, organomegaly, cytopenias, liver dysfunction and coagulopathy and does not respond to conventional therapies. It is categorized into two types: Primary (inherited) and Secondary (associated with infection, malignancy, autoimmune diseases, etc.). Prognosis of primaryHLH is poor, whereas in secondary HLH outcome depends upon the underlying disease. This study is a retrospective analysis of case records of children admittedwith adiagnosis ofHLH from January 2016 toDecember 2019 in the Pediatrics department of a teaching hospital in Odisha, India. It describes the clinical features, laboratory indings, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of children with HLH.Thirteen children were diagnosed as HLH for 36months in the age range from 1month 11 days to 14 years. Fever and splenomegaly were present in 100% of cases while hepatomegaly in 69.2% and rash in 15.3% of cases. Anaemia, hyperferritinemia were detected in 100% whereas neutropenia in 76.9% and thrombocytopenia in 38.4%. Bone marrow aspiration was done in 7 patients out of whom 6 revealed haemophagocytosis. Serum ibrinogen was low in 8 cases. Out of 13 cases, 7 patients received corticosteroid, and 3 of them also received Cyclosporine alongwith Steroids. Two cases left against medical advice, 7 had infectious aetiology, and 3 cases were diagnosed as Systemic onset Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA). Seven patients required ICU care. Ten cases recovered, and one died asHLH is a rare entity and has a high chance of fatality early diagnosis and prompt therapy results in a better outcome.
Palm species richness, latitudinal gradients, sampling effort, and deforestation in the Amazon region

Palms are most diverse in warm and humid regions near the equator. Though palms remain relatively well conserved, they are under increasing pressure from deforestation. Here, we analyze patterns of palm species richness relative to latitudinal gradient, sampling effort, and deforestation in the Amazon, and compare patterns of richness and floristic similarity among Amazonian sub-regions. We built a database of 17,310 records for 177 species. The areas with the greatest richness were in the western, central and northeastern Amazon, principally at latitudes 0–5oS. Species richness and the number of records were highly correlated (R2=0.76, P<0.005). The highest rates of deforestation (>2000 km2) were found in the southern and eastern Amazon of Brazil, which coincide with low richness and gaps in records. Similarity analyzes resulted in two groups of sub-regions: the first included the Amazon s.s. , the Andes and the Guiana, while the second included the Plateau and Gurupi. We conclude that the highest species richness is at low latitudes, and observed richness is affected by sampling effort and is vulnerable to deforestation. Therefore, areas with low species richness, especially areas with data deficiency, need to be further studied for a better understanding of their patterns of diversity and richness.
The Novel HSP90 Inhibitor IPI-504 Synergizes with Bortezomib in Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cells by Targeting Both NF-kappaB Signaling and Unfolded Protein Response and Leading to Increased Mitochondrial Apoptosis.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B lymphoid neoplasm with a mature B-cell phenotype and genetically characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) leading to cyclin D1 overexpression with the consequent deregulation of cell cycle at the G1-S checkpoint. MCL cells present a constitutive activation of the NF-kappaB pathway which leads to the overexpression of several anti-apoptotic regulators. Recently, MCL cells have been shown to express high levels of the chaperone heat shock protein of 90 kDa (HSP90) and to respond well to the ansamycin derivative 17-AAG, an HSP90 inhibitor. We have analyzed the sensitivity to the novel, highly soluble, 17-AAG derivative IPI-504 (Infinity Pharmaceuticals) on a panel of eleven human MCL cell lines and primary cells from MCL patients, which differ in their p53-dependent pathway status, growth characteristics and sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. We observed that IPI-504 heterogeneously exerted cytostatic effect among MCL samples, with IC 50 ranging from 0.06 to 15.4 μM, irrespective of the mutational status of the client protein p53 and/or expression levels of other client proteins such as cyclin D1 and BCL-2. IPI-504 activity involved the downregulation of the client proteins IKKb and phospho-AKT, and consequent inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling. In the most sensitive samples, these events led to the induction of cell death characterized by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspases and phophatidylserine exposure. IPI-504 cytotoxic activity was increased by cotreatment with pharmacological inhibitors of IKK and AKT. Noteworthy, IPI-504 showed remarkable synergistic interaction with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, reaching combination indexes (CIs) between 0.53 and 1.094. Efficiency of this latest combination was found to be correlated with the ratio between HSP90 and the co-chaperone HSP70 (P
Fishing Livelihoods in the Mackenzie River Basin: Stories of the Délįne Got’ine

Climate change is among the greatest challenges facing Indigenous peoples. The impacts of climate change cannot be understood as only ecological or through models and projections. In this study, narratives from Indigenous peoples provide lived experience and insight of how social and ecological impacts are interconnected. Through collaborative research with the Sahtú Renewable Resources Board in the Northwest Territories Canada in the period 2018–2019, this paper shares the stories of the Délįne Got’ine peoples of Great Bear Lake (GBL), and how warming temperatures in the region impact fishing livelihoods. Specifically, we address the question, “What are the impacts of climate change on the fishing livelihoods of the Délįne Got’ine people? ” Narratives from 21 semi-structured interviews reveal insights on six dimensions of fishing livelihoods. Analysis suggests the specific indicators of ecological change of concern to fishers and how those impact livelihoods over the short and long term. Given that the majority of research on climate change involving Indigenous peoples in Canada has focused on the high arctic and marine environments, this work is unique in its focus on the subarctic region and on freshwater ecosystems and livelihoods.
Common Cancers in Karachi, Pakistan: 2010-2019 Cancer Data from the Dow Cancer Registry

Objectives: To present 2010-2019 cancer data from the Dow Cancer Registry representing all districts of Karachi (~17.4 million). Methods: The study was conducted at the Dow University of Health Sciences. After ethical approval, the Dow Cancer Registry was established at the largest government-run diagnostic and reference center of Karachi (Dow Labs). All cancers registered during 2010-2019 were analyzed. Patients >18years of age were labeled as adults while those with ages ≤18years were classified as children/young adults. Results: During 2010-2019, a total of 22,858 cancers were registered. Of these, 9,112(39.9%) cancers were diagnosed in males while 13,746(60.1%) in females. Incidence rates for all cancers (all ages) were 108/1,00,000 for males and 188.6/1,00,000 for females. In adult males, cancer of lip and oral cavity was the most frequently diagnosed cancer (33.6%), followed by non-melanoma –skin-cancer (NMSC) (7.2%), oesophagus (6.8%), colorectum (6.7%) and stomach (4.9%). In adult females, breast cancer was the most frequently recorded malignancy (53.2%), followed by cancers of lip and oral cavity (10.4%), oesophagus (5.3%), colorectum (3.3%) and NMSC (3%). In children, most common malignancy was that of brain and nervous system (15.3%), followed by Hodgkin’s lymphoma (14.2%), colorectum (8.1%), endocrine-&-related organs (8%) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (7.8%) Conclusion: Cancers of lip and oral cavity and breast cancer were the most common malignancies in males and females respectively. In paediatric group, cancers of brain and nervous system were most common. Alarmingly, Karachi males have highest ASR of cancers of lip and oral cavity compared to any other city of Pakistan.
Understanding Structural Factors and Actor Attributes That Impact the Development of Cohesion within a Participatory Modeling Process

Abstract Many “wicked” natural resources management problems today are utilizing more collaborative methods of decision making. Through involving stakeholders in decision-making, resource managers can induce engagement and support for final decisions and prevent future conflict. Additionally, participation is thought to yield increased group cohesion, where stakeholders better understand each other’s perspectives. Cohesion is essential for collaborative processes to develop a collective vision for management of the resource. While development of cohesion within collaborative decision-making processes has been discussed, changes in cohesion have not been quantitatively demonstrated or described during these processes. Using longitudinal social network analysis models, we illustrate changes in cohesion during OysterFutures, a participatory modeling process in the Chesapeake Bay. Results showed cohesion development was not homogeneous; structural network factors and stakeholder group co-membership impacted the overall group cohesion. This article concludes with a discussion on the value of temporal social network analysis and areas for future research.
Genome structure and content of the rice root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola)

Abstract Discovered in the 1960s, Meloidogyne graminicola is a root‐knot nematode species considered as a major threat to rice production. Yet, its origin, genomic structure, and intraspecific diversity are poorly understood. So far, such studies have been limited by the unavailability of a sufficiently complete and well‐assembled genome. In this study, using a combination of Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Illumina sequencing data, we generated a highly contiguous reference genome (283 scaffolds with an N50 length of 294 kb, totaling 41.5 Mb). The completeness scores of our assembly are among the highest currently published for Meloidogyne genomes. We predicted 10,284 protein‐coding genes spanning 75.5% of the genome. Among them, 67 are identified as possibly originating from horizontal gene transfers (mostly from bacteria), which supposedly contribute to nematode infection, nutrient processing, and plant defense manipulation. Besides, we detected 575 canonical transposable elements (TEs) belonging to seven orders and spanning 2.61% of the genome. These TEs might promote genomic plasticity putatively related to the evolution of M. graminicola parasitism. This high‐quality genome assembly constitutes a major improvement regarding previously available versions and represents a valuable molecular resource for future phylogenomic studies of Meloidogyne species. In particular, this will foster comparative genomic studies to trace back the evolutionary history of M. graminicola and its closest relatives.
Matching with Externalities: the Role of Prudence and Social Connectedness in Stability

Abstract In matching problems with externalities, prudence measures the importance an agent gives to others’ potential reactions when she considers deviating and social connectedness measures others’ capacity to react to the agent’s deviation. Assuming that externalities and preferences are random, the roles of prudence and social connectedness are studied. It is shown that asymptotic stability—a property that never holds in the absence of externalities—is achieved when the product of social connectedness and prudence grows at least exponentially with the population. Since social connectedness increases quickly in both the marriage and roommates markets, stability obtains even when prudence vanishes (sufficiently slowly).
Westward Expansion of the Evening Bat (Nycticeius humeralis) in the United States, with Notes on the First Record from New Mexico

Abstract. The general lack of trees in the Great Plains has limited colonization by eastern woodland mammals in the past, but recent expansion of forests in corridors along prairie waterways and in towns has enabled an assortment of woodland species to expand distributional ranges westward. The evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) historically occurred in woodlands throughout the eastern United States. Following our capture of the first evening bat in New Mexico, we updated the distributional range for this species by amassing recent records from published literature and museum voucher records west of its historic range published in 1981, the last time the species distribution was updated throughout its range. We document that evening bats, including some reproductively active populations, now occur across much of the central and southern Great Plains, including southwestern Nebraska, western Kansas, and western Texas. Such records should encourage researchers to factor in the possible occurrence of this species beyond published historic western limits for mist-netting and acoustic surveys. While it remains unclear if the single capture in southwestern New Mexico represented a wandering individual, these compiled records suggest that established populations might occur west of our updated distribution for the species.
Direct numerical simulations of a double-diffusive interface in the diffusive regime

The ‘diffusive interface’, separating homogeneous regions of cold fresh water above and warm salty water below, is studied using direct numerical simulations (DNS). The simulations are designed to replicate as closely as possible conditions present in the thermohaline staircase of Lake Kivu, as well as previous laboratory experiments. The results reveal that a ‘double boundary layer’ structure is present in which the temperature interface is thicker than the salinity interface by a factor of two. This boundary layer is found to supply the mixed layers above and below the interface with buoyancy through the formation of plumes and large scale convection rolls. We also examine the applicability of the 4/3 flux law in describing the heat flux across the interface, and compare with a previous theory.