Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DA LEI SECA NA MORTALIDADE POR ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO IMPACT OF THE DRINK-DRIVING LAW ON MORTALITY FROM TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS EL IMPACTO DE LA LEY SECA EN LA MORTALIDAD POR ACCIDENTES DE TRÁFEGO

This descriptive study aimed to determine the frequency of mortality from traffic accidents in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro in July 2007 as compared with July 2008, and to characterize the traffic accidents and the socio-demographic profile of fatal casualties in July 2008. Data were collected from victims' medical records at the Rio de Janeiro municipal forensic institute. Demographic data were collected from the national health service data base (DATASUS), and were compiled and tabulated using the statistics program Epi-Info 2000. Mortality from traffic accidents was around 12.9% lower in July 2008 than in July 2007, in terms of the gross population rate for the period. This result underscores the importance not only of preventive measures, but of effective, direct surveillance for ongoing law enforcement.
Woody plant species used in urban forestry in West Africa: Case study in Lomé, capital town of Togo

Many studies have been conducted on the flora of Togo. However, none of them is devoted to the ornamental flora horticulture. This survey aims to establish an inventory of the woody plant species in urban forests of Lome, the capital town of Togo. It covers the trees planted along the avenues, in the gardens, courtyards, shady trees and trees used as fences for houses or trees at the seaside. In total, 297 plant species belong to 141 genera and 48 families were recorded. They are dominated by 79% of dicotyledonous, 13% of monocotyledonous and 8% of gymnosperms. Families that are best represented in terms of species are those of the Euphorbiaceae, Arecaceae and Acanthaceae. Alien species represent 69% and African species represent 31% out of which 6% are from Togo. According to the current threatening of the natural habitat by human activities, African native plant species could be more useful for ornamental purposes than exotic plants. Key words: Ornamental horticulture, plant flora, green areas, valorisation, native flora.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on female sexual life among a sample of Egyptian women

Aim: The pandemic of COVID-19 is caused by coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) and leads to severe acute respiratory syndrome. It has dominated people’s life including their psychosexual health. Consequently, we wanted to examine this pandemic effect on female sexual functions in a sample of Egyptian women. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology of Benha University Hospitals. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic on 100 married females of 18–45 years’ old. Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to evaluate sexual function, while the psychological aspect was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), social readjustment rating, Hamilton anxiety rating, and perceived stress scales. The participants were evaluated by answering retrograde questions about their sexual and psychological state before the pandemic. Then they reanswered the questionnaires about their present state during the pandemic. Results: Total FSFI scores of the participants showed significant reduction during the pandemic when compared with prepandemic scores ( P <0.001). Desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction scores reduced, but pain score increased ( P <0.001). Concerning psychological evaluation, participants suffered from higher depression, stress, and anxiety levels as evidenced by Beck depression inventory (BDI), Hamilton anxiety rating, Social readjustment rating, and perceived stress scores that increased significantly during the pandemic ( P <0.001). A negative correlation was observed between FSFI scores and BDI, Hamilton anxiety rating, social readjustment, and stress scores ( P <0.01, r=-0.958, -0.956, -0.987, and-0.986, respectively). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a deleterious impact on female sexual behavior, which can be attributed to elevated stress, anxiety, and depression indices observed throughout the pandemic.
Milk Yield Prediction and Economic Analysis of Optimized Rearing Environment in a Cold Region Using Neural Network Model

The milk yield of dairy cows in a non-stressed state in the cold region in China is lower during cold seasons. In this study, the correlations between indoor environmental factors and milk production were analyzed. Temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity were found to be the main factors affecting milk yield. The warning values of these factors for lower milk production were 5 °C, 60%, and 300 lx, respectively. A neural network model predicting milk yield based on environmental factors was established, and the optimal model parameters were determined, resulting in a high accuracy of R2 = 0.802. This model was used to investigate the optimal measure for improving the indoor environment, which helps to increase milk production and economic benefits, including LED lights, heating radiators, and dehumidifiers. In conclusion, each type of device led to the growth of milk yield, reaching 2.341, 1.706, and 1.893 kg cow−1 Day−1. The combination of heating radiator and LED light resulted in the highest increased net benefit of 16.802 CNY cow−1 Day−1. This is the first time that a neural network model was successfully built to predict milk yield based on climatic features which was also applied to economic analysis of indoor environment improvement for dairy barns in extreme cold regions.
The effect of pre-class quizzes assisted flipped classroom learning on student learning outcomes in the biochemistry course of fatty acid metabolism

The study aims to determine the effect of the flipped classroom learning model assisted by pre-class quizzes on student learning outcomes of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Mataram, in the subject of biochemistry, on fatty acid metabolism. The type of experimental research used in this study was a Quasi-Experimental Design with a Post-Test Only Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study was the sixth-semester students of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mataram University, for the 2022 academic year, totaling 60 people with a sampling technique using saturated sampling. In this research, two classes were used: the control and experimental classes. In the experimental class, namely class A, the flipped classroom learning model was treated with the help of pre-class quizzes, while the control class only used the flipped classroom model without pre-class quizzes. This study measured student learning outcomes from post-test question scores with 30 multiple-choice questions. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis test using paired sample t-test, and effect size test. Based on the results of data analysis using the normality test and homogeneity test that was carried out, the data was usually and homogeneously distributed, so hypothesis testing was carried out using the t-test and effect size test. Based on the hypothesis testing that has been carried out, there is an influence of the flipped classroom learning model assisted by pre-class quizzes on student learning outcomes in the biochemistry course on fatty acid metabolism. This can be seen from the sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 in the paired sample t-test, resulting in the interpretation that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. As for the magnitude of the effect of the flipped classroom model assisted by pre-class quizzes using the effect size calculation formula, the result was 1.33, which shows the criteria for a high effect value.
The effect of different post systems having various sizes on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. An in vitro study

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different post systems (fiber and titanium posts) with different post sizes on the fracture resistance of the endodontically treated single rooted teeth. Subjects and Methods : Fifty-four freshly extracted maxillary central incisors were selected and divided into three main groups according to the post system used. Group A were prepared to receive Rely-X posts with different sizes. Group B were prepared to receive titanium posts with different sizes. Group C were prepared to receive obturation only (control group). The specimens were prepared with Protaper Universal rotary files. Intervention groups A and B were divided, each into three sub groups. Group A was divided into Rely-X yellow coded, Rely-X Red Coded, Rely-X Blue Coded. While Group B was divided into Short Titanium Posts, Medium Titanium Posts and Long Titanium Posts. Specimens were then loaded to fracture in a universal testing machine. The maximum load at which the teeth fractured and the fracture patterns were recorded. Results: There was a statistically significant difference among all groups; the control group showed the highest fracture resistance followed by the Rely-X Red Coded (R.X.R.C.) group, while the Short Titanium Posts (S.T.P.) group showed the least fracture resistance. Conclusion: The control group (obturation only) recorded the highest fracture resistance while the short titanium posts (STP) recorded the least fracture resistance.
Some Environmental Effects of Flooding in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Some environmental effects of flooding in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was reviewed to provide the desired knowledge needed for the effective management of flooding. Floods are caused by many factors: Heavy rainfall, highly accelerated snowmelt, severe winds over water, unusual high tide, tsunamis, or failure of dams, levees, retention ponds, or other structures that retained the water. Flooding can be exacerbated by increased amounts of impervious surface or by other natural hazards such as wildfires, which reduce the supply of vegetation that can absorb rainfall. The effects of flooding from the sources outlined above are felt by various 'receptors'. These include, people, buildings, infrastructure, agriculture, open recreational space and the natural world. Flood warning is the provision of advance warning of conditions that are likely to cause flooding to property and a potential risk to life. The main purpose of flood warning is to save life by allowing people, support and emergency services time to prepare for flooding. The secondary purpose is to reduce the effects and damage of flooding. Floods renew wetland areas which in turn host a wide range of flora and fauna. Preventing flood waters from entering such wetland areas will create imbalance to the natural state of things resulting to destruction of natural habitats and even extinction of various species of animals and plants. Floods play an important part in various ecosystems. Humans, therefore, should be careful when they try to prevent or control floods. Oftentimes, human intervention causes more harm than good. The study discuses the meaning of flooding, basic background of the Niger Delta causes of flooding, types of flooding, factors determining the effect of flooding, the effects o flooding, benefits of flooding and control of flooding with emphasis on some countries to provide the desired knowledge needed for the effective management of flooding in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
Size-frequency distribution and palaeoecology of two micromorphic gastropod species from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden

Abstract Micromorphic gastropods, a few mm in size, are locally common in the Silurian faunas of Gotland. Two localities investigated, Mollbos 1 and Petsarve 9, contain many wellpreserved micromorphic gastropods. Size-frequency analyses of the most abundant species in each of the two fauans are presented. The Mollbos 1 species, trochinid sp. a, possibly being an oriostomatacean, shows almost normal size distribution, indicating a life assemblage produced by natural mortality among older individuals. The Petsarve 9 species, Oriostoma sp. a, shows a wide, irregular distribution, suggesting a life assemblage produced by event mass-mortality. The life strategy of many micromorphic gastropods is interpreted as an algal foliage dwelling mode of life. In the algal foliage they probably lived as microherbivorous browsers.
Effect of thinning on understory vegetation diversity and its nutrient stocks in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

Thinning changed stand structure,which influenced growth and development of understory vegetation.Long term effect of thinning on understory vegetation diversity is still poorly understood.Simpson index、Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index were used to evaluate understory vegetation diversity in three thinning treatments in Chinese fir plantations in Kaihua County,Zhejiang Province,China.Change of nutrient contents and current nutrient stocks of the understory vegetation in the three thinning treatments were also studied.Traditional silviculture operation as a control(stand was thinned approximately 15%(T1) at the 14thyear during a rotation),moderate(total thinning intensity approximately 35%,T2) and heavy intensity(total thinning intensity approximately 50%,T3) thinning treatments were thinned twice(in the 7th year and 14th year). 15 years after thinning,the number of plant species in the three thinning treatments was 18(T1),17(T2) and 20(T3),respectively.Total plant density and coverage of the understory vegetation increased with the increase of thinning intensity.The Simpson index、Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index of the understory vegetation were no significant differences among the three thinning treatments(P0.05). Total carbon(TC),total phosphorus(TP) and total potassium(TK) contents of the understory vegetation were not significantly different among these three thinning treatments(P0.05). Total nitrogen(TN) content reduced with increasing thinning intensity,TN in T3 treatment was significantly lower than that in T1 treatment(P0.05). The biomass of understory vegetation increased with the increase of thinning intensity.No significant difference was detected in TC,TN,TP or TK stocks of understory vegetation among the three thinning treatments(P0.05). These results illustrate thinning intensity may not have a significant impact on understory vegetation diversity and nutrient accumulation in Chinese fir plantation after 15 years treatment.
Bacteria-Induced Carbonate Degradation: A Taphonomic Case Study of Cibicides lobatulus from a High-Boreal Carbonate Setting

The process of bacterial degradation of skeletal-binding organic matter forces selective carbonate dissolution in aerobic and turbulent coarsegrained environments. This is demonstrated in a Scanning Electron Microscope study on the benthic foraminifer Cibicides lobatulus from a coastal platform in northern Norway. High CO2 partial pressures are created by rod-shaped bacteria colonies under the protective extracellular polymer surface (EPS) film. The impact of degradative bacteria on biogenic carbonates is strongly controlled by a) the microstructural composition of the infested particles, and b) the distribution and supply of organic compounds on and within the skeletal construction. Both factors have strong influences on variations in rates of decay, biasing fossil preservation. In aerobic systems, carbonate dissolution may be regarded as a metabolic by-product through bacterial-induced decomposition of skeletal-binding organic matter. This study supports the increasing amount of evidence pointing to carbonate dissolution and maceration phenomena from shelf environments, especially from cold sea environments, and stresses microbial input in early diagenesis. INTRODUCTION
TEMPORAL BEHAVIOR OF NDVI MEASURED WITH AN ACTIVE OPTICAL SENSOR FOR DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF SUGARCANE / COMPORTAMENTO TEMPORAL DO NDVI MENSURADO COM SENSOR ÓPTICO ATIVO PARA DIFERENTES VARIEDADES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

Sensores oticos ativos sao uma nova opcao para o manejo da aplicacao localizada de nitrogenio em tempo real e tem sido empregados com sucesso em culturas de graos. Este trabalho consistiu em avaliar o comportamento do NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) obtido com um sensor otico ativo comercial, em 28 variedades de cana-de-acucar, assim como analisar o comportamento temporal deste indice para as diferentes variedades ao longo dos primeiros 150 dias de seu ciclo. Os dados do NDVI foram coletados longo dos primeiros 150 dias de seu ciclo. Os dados do NDVI foram coletados aos 90, 120 e 150 dias apos o plantio (DAP). Realizou-se analise estatistica descritiva dos dados e teste de Tukey para contrastar as medias do NDVI. Os resultados indicaram que as variedades interferem nas leituras do NDVI, assim como, de forma geral, as leituras aos 90 DAP foram diferentes das realizadas aos 120 e 150 DAP, tendendo a se estabilizar ao longo do tempo para cada variedade.
Coastal Water Clarity in Shenzhen: Assessment of Observations from Sentinel-2

Shenzhen is a crucial city in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). With high-intensity land development and rapid population growth, the ocean has become an essential space for expansion, leading to significant variations in water quality in the coastal area of Shenzhen. Water clarity (Zsd) is a key indicator for evaluating water quality. We applied the quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA) to Sentinel-2 data and retrieved the Zsd of the coastal area of Shenzhen. By adjusting the red band for distinguishing water types, we avoided underestimating Zsd for clear water. This study pioneered the production of a 10 m Zsd product for the coastal area of Shenzhen from 2016 to 2021. The results showed that the coastal area of Shenzhen exhibited a spatial distribution pattern with low Zsd in the west and high in the east, with Pearl River Estuary (PRE: 0.41–0.67 m) and Shenzhen Bay (SZB: 0.30–0.58 m) being lower than Dapeng Bay (DPB: 2.7–2.9 m) and Daya Bay (DYB: 2.5–2.9 m). We analyzed the seasonal and interannual variations and driving factors of the four areas, where PRE and SZB showed similar variation patterns, while DPB and DYB showed similar variation patterns. PRE and SZB are important estuaries in southern China, significantly affected by anthropogenic activities. DPB and DYB are important marine aquaculture areas, mainly affected by natural factors (wind speed, precipitation, and sea level). The Zsd of the coastal area of Shenzhen, along with the analysis of its results and driving factors, contributes to promoting local water resource protection and providing a reference for formulating relevant governance policies. It also provides a practical method for assessing and monitoring near-shore water quality.
Interactive E-Module Based on Scientific Approach in Science Content Learning for Sixth-Grade Students

The low science learning outcomes of elementary school students are due to the need for more use of media and teaching materials that can attract students' interest in learning, so to overcome these problems, learning media such as e-modules based on a scientific approach are needed. This study aims to determine the design, feasibility, and effectiveness of scientific approach-based interactive e-modules in learning science content for sixth-grade elementary school students. This research belongs to the type of development research which was developed using the ADDIE model. The subjects involved in this study were 1 subject matter expert test, 1 instructional design expert, 1 instructional media expert, and two product test subjects, namely 3 individual test subjects and 9 small group tryouts. Data collection in the study was carried out using observation, interview, questionnaire, and test methods, with research instruments in the form of expert learning questionnaires and individual and small group trial instruments. The data obtained in the study were then analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques, quantitative descriptive data analysis, and inferential statistical data analysis techniques (t-test). The results of the data analysis showed that the results of the review by subject content experts obtained a percentage of 85.33% with good qualifications, the results of the review by learning design experts obtained a percentage of 95.71% with very good qualifications, the results of the review by learning media experts obtained a percentage of 92.5 % with very good qualifications, the results of reviews from students through individual trials obtained a percentage of 92% with very good qualifications, and the results of reviews from students through small group trials obtained a percentage of 95.77% with very good qualifications. So, interactive e-module media based on a scientific approach effectively improves science learning outcomes for sixth-grade elementary school students.
The photochemistry of atmospheric water vapor

Solar radiation dissociates water vapor into hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicles. Hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide molecules, and perhydroxyl radicles, are also produced as a result of subsequent chemical reactions with the allotropic forms of oxygen. The rate of the oxidizing processes falls off more rapidly with increase of altitude than does that of the reducing processes, and the hydrogen compounds are almost completely broken down at about the 90-km level (or even lower). There is a continual escape of the hydrogen atoms into interplanetary space; but the liberated oxygen atoms remain in the atmosphere, and the number that must thus have been added in geological time seems to be comparable with the number now present. Consideration of the general equilibrium reveals several features of interest, such as, for example, the existence of a thin layer of molecular hydrogen. In spite of the prominence of the Meinel bands, the concentration of hydroxyl radicles is quite small. It is thought that these radicles are excited during, rather than after, their formation. The mechanism proposed is two body collisions between hydrogen atoms and ozone molecules.
Regional Climate Change and Uncertainty Analysis based on Four Regional Climate Model Simulations over China

Abstract Four sets of climate change simulations at grid spacing of 50 km were conducted over East Asia with two regional climate models driven at the lateral boundaries by two global models for the period 1981–2050. The focus of the study was on the ensemble projection of climate change in the mid-21st century (2031–50) over China. Validation of each simulation and the ensemble average showed good performances of the models overall, as well as advantages of the ensemble in reproducing present day (1981–2000) December–February (DJF), June–August (JJA), and annual (ANN) mean temperature and precipitation. Significant warming was projected for the mid-21st century, with larger values of temperature increase found in the northern part of China and in the cold seasons. The ensemble average changes of precipitation in DJF, JJA, and ANN were determined, and the uncertainties of the projected changes analyzed based on the consistencies of the simulations. It was concluded that the largest uncertainties in precipitation projection are in eastern China during the summer season (monsoon precipitation).