Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strengthening the Ties That Bind: An Evaluation of Cross-disciplinary Communication Between Invasion Ecologists and Biological Control Researchers in Entomology

Abstract To control non-native species, resource managers may import and introduce biocontrol agents. Like accidentally introduced insects, biocontrol agents must overcome several abiotic and biotic obstacles to establish successfully. They can also have varying efficacy and negative or positive impacts on native species and ecosystems. Given the similarities between accidentally introduced insects and biocontrol agents, researchers studying these organisms can more effectively communicate and actively link data to improve overall understanding and management of non-native species within the framework(s) of invasion theory. To assess interdisciplinarity between invasion ecologists and biocontrol practitioners that study insects in forests, we identified 102 invasion ecology and 90 biocontrol articles published from 2006 to 2018. These articles helped us determine which broad disciplines (invasion ecology, biocontrol, other control, other ecological, and nonecological) and publication formats (e.g., journals and books) the authors cited most. We found 1) invasion ecologists primarily cite other invasion ecology research; 2) biocontrol researchers cite biocontrol and invasion ecology research; 3) both disciplines primarily cited peer-reviewed journal articles; and 4) there was 65–70% overlap in the top 20 journals cited in primary invasion ecology and biocontrol literature. Though we found some cross-communication, it is currently mostly unidirectional, whereby invasion ecology informs biocontrol. We identify and discuss three areas—1) ecological principles governing success or failure of introduced species, 2) the invasion process, and 3) negative impacts on native species—for which the disciplines possess substantial overlap to demonstrate that biocontrol agents can provide invasion ecologists with an unconventional model to study the mechanisms of species invasion.
Time series analysis of the enhanced vegetation index to detect coffee crop development under different irrigation systems

Abstract. The coffee crop spectral behavior identification throughout its cycle can contribute to its development monitoring under pest incidence. We aim to identify coffee development through time signatures of enhanced vegetation index (EVI), as well as to evaluate the use of seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models to identify coffee trees spectrum-time patterns under different irrigation management and design future scenarios. Three coffee fields were selected under different irrigation systems, whose EVI data of 8 years were obtained from the moderate resolution image spectroradiometer sensor. Each coffee crop model was subjected to residual autocorrelation test and classified according to information criteria, while its accuracy was assessed by means of prediction error measures and agreement index. The estimated and observed EVI values were similar, even for the predicted year. However, in agricultural years during which coffee diseases occurred, the crops showed vegetative vigor below the expected. We concluded that SARIMA models enabled the establishment of a reliable spectral signature expected for coffee crop, which could help with crop management defining, regardless of the irrigation system adopted. Based on the evaluation of divergence between expected and observed spectral signatures, early signs of coffee underdevelopment were detected, which could reduce economic loss risks on its commercial chain.
Soft, Sweet, and Colorful: Stratified Sampling Reveals Sequence of Events at the Onset of Grape Ripening

Asynchronous development of grape berries leads to high variation among berry samples collected during veraison. We applied a stratified sampling method that groups berries by firmness to the touch and visible skin color to study the sequence of physical and chemical changes occurring at the onset of and during ripening. Method robustness and reproducibility were tested by measuring berry weight, diameter, deformation, and total soluble solids (TSS) in samples collected from 10 wine, table, and juice grape cultivars varying in skin color. Additionally, Syrah berries sampled by five different individuals were compared in one year, and Syrah and Merlot berry samples and cluster images were evaluated over three years to account for environmental variation. Merlot berries collected in one year were classified into seven developmental stages to measure changes in berry weight, elastic modulus, TSS, titratable acidity (TA), pH, malate, tartrate, and anthocyanins. Stratified sampling reliably differentiated among developmental stages when applied by different individuals and in different cultivars and years. Once the berries softened, they took 11 to 14 days to complete their color change. Softening occurred mostly before sugar accumulation and renewed berry expansion began. Sugar accumulation was concurrent with malate degradation, but its onset preceded anthocyanin accumulation. The increase in TSS was closely associated with decreases in elastic modulus, TA, and malate and increases in berry weight, skin mass per area ratio, and pH. Ripening-related changes in TA and pH were strongly driven by changes in malate but not tartrate. The stratified sampling method allows novel insights into the timing of physical and chemical changes that occur in grape berries during the period commonly referred to as veraison.
Examining the Antecedents of User Donation Intentions Toward Social Media Articles: Moderation Effects of Social Contagion

Donations to articles on social media, as a new behavior, have been trending in recent years. Unlike donations to a charitable and nonprofit organization or victims, donations to social media articles have been accorded minimal attention from academic researchers. From the stimuli–organism–response framework, this study proposed a model to investigate the factors that influence the donation intentions of users on social media toward articles. Our results demonstrate that the credibility of the article determines users’ donation intentions. The results also indicate that the perceived value (usefulness and enjoyment) of the article mediates the effects of article credibility on users’ donation intentions. The social contagion nature of the article is also proven to moderate the magnitude of impacts on donation intention by users’ perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perception of article credibility.
Effects of a Public Awareness Campaign on Time to and Way of Hospital Admission After Stroke

Public education campaigns are recommended to increase awareness for stroke. The effect of a public advertising and education campaign in an urban region in Germany was assessed and compared with a control region. We hypothesized that such a campaign would increase the number of patients being admitted by emergency medical services (EMS). A multimedia campaign and targeted education of health care professionals and the public was employed in Berlin during six consecutive months to disseminate knowledge about stroke symptoms and appropriate actions to take. Data on time to hospital admission and details on transport were retrieved from registries for the episode before, during, and after the campaign. To test the effect of the campaign, it was compared with another urban region in Germany (Ruhr-Area), where no campaign had been conducted. Between January 2010 and February 2011, 9,166 patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were documented in Berlin and 9,994 in the Ruhr-Area. In both regions, following the campaign period, patients were more often admitted to hospital within the first 2 hr after onset (Berlin: odds ratio [OR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.02, 1.32]; Ruhr-Area: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.34]). Patients were more likely being admitted via EMS after the campaign (Berlin: OR = 1.71, 95% CI = [1.50, 1.94]; Ruhr-Area: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = [1.17, 1.53]). The results suggest that an increased uptake of EMS triggered shorter time to hospital admission. A reduction in delay to hospitalization and an increased uptake of EMS were observed over the study period for both regions. No effect of the campaign was identified.
Effect of thickeners on the texture of stirred yogurt

The effect of the addition of gelatin and starch on the rheological properties of sweetened plain stirred yogurt was studied by manufacturing six samples: two with gelatin (3000 and 6000 ppm), three with starch (1000, 5000, 10000 ppm) and a sample without thickener (control). Rheological characterization of the samples was performed using a coaxial cylinder Haake VT500 viscometer. Yield stress ( ) and hysteresis were also determined. Syneresis (%) was measured by centrifugation at 1100 rpm for 10 minutes. Sensory characterization was performed with a panel of trained sensory assessors, who evaluated the following texture attributes: viscosity, ropiness, creaminess and mouthfeel. All samples showed thixotropic and pseudoplastic behaviour. Since the upward curve did not fit a unique model, it was divided in two regions. The first one fitted Herschel-Bulkley’s model. The addition of gelatine decreased flow behaviour index (n), whereas yield stress significantly increased with the addition of both thickeners. Gelatine was more efficient in reducing syneresis than starch. The addition of thickeners significantly increased all the studied sensory texture attributes. Non-oral and oral parameters were highly correlated witch each other and witch rheological parameters. KEYWORDS: Yogurt; texture; thickeners.
Characterization of DNA Probes Immobilized on Gold Surfaces

We have characterized thiol-derivatized, single-stranded DNA (5‘-HS-(CH2)6-CAC GAC GTT GTA AAA CGA CGG CCA G-3‘, abbreviated HS-ssDNA) attached to gold via a sulfur−gold linkage using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and 32P-radiolabeling experiments. We found that hybridization of surface-bound HS-ssDNA is dependent on surface coverage. The buffer concentration of the HS-ssDNA solution was found to have a profound effect on surface coverage, with adsorption greatly reduced at low salt concentration. More precise control over surface coverage was achieved by creating mixed monolayers of the thiol-derivatized probe and a spacer thiol, mercaptohexanol (MCH), by way of a two-step method, where first the gold substrate is exposed to a micromolar solution of HS-ssDNA, followed by exposure to a millimolar solution of MCH. A primary advantage of using this two-step process to form HS-ssDNA/MCH mixed monolayers is that nonspecifically adsorbed DNA is largely removed from the surface. Thus, th.
How populism and conservative media fuel conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 and what it means for COVID-19 behaviors

Research examining attitudes and behaviors of Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic has largely focused on partisanship as a lens through which many Americans see the coronavirus. Given the importance of partisan affiliation and the degree of partisan polarization in the American society, that is certainly an important driver of public opinion, and a necessary one to understand. But an overlooked set of predispositions might also shape COVID beliefs and attitudes: populism. It is a worldview that pits average citizens against “the elites” and, importantly in the context of a pandemic, it includes anti-intellectual attitudes such as distrust of experts (including scientists). We find that populism is correlated with conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19, above and beyond partisanship. Furthermore, we find that conservative media consumption tends to be a stronger predictor of conspiracy belief among those high in populism than among those low in populism. We also show that these beliefs have consequences: those who believe the conspiracy theories about COVID-19 are less likely to adapt behaviors recommended by public health officials.
Behavioral Correlates of GPS Device Usage Among Small-Scale Fishers in Malaysia

This article aims to examine the relationship between selected behavioral factors and Global Positioning System (GPS) usage among small-scale fishers in Malaysia. An adapted version of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was tested among a sample of 400 small-scale fishers to examine the relationship between technology-related behavioral constructs (compatibility, social influence, effort expectancy, learning culture, and performance expectancy) and GPS usage. The sample was selected from 12 fishery districts in Malaysia. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed that all five technology-related behavioral constructs included in the model recorded a significant relationship with GPS usage. The results extend the generalizability of the UTAUT to a previously understudied setting of community technology usage. Understanding GPS usage among small-scale fishers from the extended UTAUT perspective can provide policy makers, public, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and other concerned parties with knowledge that can build awareness and shape capacity building efforts for small-scale interventions to increase the use of GPS. This will, in turn, reduce the risks associated with fishing routines and enhance fishing yields.
Whipping and jailing: The Kapuria jail, indigenous self-government and the hybridization of punishment in Colombia

There are currently 105,148 people imprisoned in Colombia; of these, 777 are indigenous. Although this may seem a small number (especially when compared with the disproportional presence of indigenous people in countries such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand), their imprisonment shows the persistence of colonial practices within the predominant legal discourse that undermine the indigenous peoples’ right to self-government. However, they also reveal a process of hybridization of punishment, where traditional punishments (whipping) and Western forms of punishment (jailing) meet and transform each other, leading to different forms of punishment—and resistance. This article studies how some of the most representative indigenous communities in Colombia have appropriated prison as a form of punishment, the factors that have influenced this process, and its possible outcomes.
Je ne parle pas français—So what? The impact of language on skilled German migrant women’s employment in France

This paper uncovers language-related issues that skilled female migrants face and what their strategies are to (re-)build their careers after migrating. Using an inductive, interpretative research methodology, the author conducted 19 in-depth interviews with skilled German women who had migrated to France. Contrary to the findings of extant research, the study revealed that host country language proficiency played a minor role in the migration motivation, choice of destination, and labor market integration in this sample. However, the informants’ mother tongue (German) and their proficiency in English were perceived as competitive advantages when it came to integrating into the labor market. For some, these particular language skills even led to a conscious change of career. The findings demonstrate that language proficiency goes beyond grammatical mastery but relates, more importantly, to culture-sensitive communication skills underlining the importance of investigating language associated with the concept of culture. This study contributes to the language-related literature on international migration by combining different strands of research and levels of analysis to obtain a more holistic picture of the complex impact of language and its culture-relatedness.
Who Likes What Kind of News? The Relationship Between Characteristics of Media Consumers and News Interest

Stimulated by the uses-and-gratification approach, this study examined the joint relation of several consumer characteristics to news interest. In total, 1,546 German-speaking participants rated their interest in 15 major news categories and several personal characteristics, including gender, age, the Big Five personality traits, self-esteem, as well as general positive and negative affect. Regression analyses examined the amount of interindividual variance in news interest that can be explained by this set of consumer characteristics. Overall, the amount of explained variance differed remarkably across news categories, ranging from 4% for entertainment-related news to 25% for news about technology. The most powerful explaining variables were participants’ gender, age, openness to experiences, and their amount of general positive affect. The results suggest that news interest should be defined and operationalized as a concept with multiple facets covering a huge range of content. Also, the results are important for media producers and journalists with respect to the conflict between increased need gratification of consumers and information filtering via personalized news content.
Distance Makes the Heart Grow Fonder: An Examination of Teleworkers’ and Office Workers’ Job Satisfaction Through the Lens of Self-Determination Theory

Although research on teleworking dates back about a decade, much remains unknown with regard to how teleworking impacts employees’ experience at work. Based on self-determination theory, this research seeks to understand the dynamics underlying the impact of teleworking on employees’ job satisfaction. The study was conducted in an organization with a formal teleworking program; 448 respondents (211 teleworkers and 237 office workers) completed an online questionnaire. The results of structural equation model analysis indicate that teleworking is a better way of meeting workers’ psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In addition, our results indicate that there is a moderating effect on the relationship between these three types of psychological needs and employees’ job satisfaction, supporting the idea that the satisfaction of psychological needs does not operate in the same way for teleworkers and office workers.
Racism, Interculturality, and Public Policies: An Analysis of the Literature on Migration and the School System in Chile, Argentina, and Spain

In the last decades, Chile has become a receiving society of migrants, and this has overtaxed the social services in this country, among them the school system. According to the literature, the issue is that migration has not been addressed with a proper response from public policies. This article aims to examine recommendations for the development of these policies. To undertake this task, we have conducted a systematic review of the literature on this issue in Chile, Argentina, and Spain (1990–2018). The three cases show the presence of discrimination and racism, with a common response taking the form of intercultural education. In terms of differences, only in Spain there is a consolidated body of research and public policies that focus on migration. That said, although the policies are more robust in Spain, several studies critically assess them. Hence, this country is a good example to know what to do and what to avoid. That information is exactly what is needed in countries like Chile where migration has become pressing issue that demands a proper response.
Occupational Risk Perception and the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): A Study Among Informal Automobile Artisans in Osun State, Nigeria

Informal workers in developing countries are exposed to various occupational hazards that may cause accidents, injuries, or diseases. Personal protective equipment (PPE) can be an essential tool for preventing workers from exposure to these hazards. Despite the widely acknowledged benefits of PPE usage, many informal automobile artisans in Nigeria do not use PPE. This study examines factors that predict PPE usage among these artisans, particularly their occupational risk perception. This cross-sectional study adopted a multistage method to select 632 automobile artisans (mechanics, panel beaters, painters, and vulcanizers) in Osun State, Nigeria. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on the dependent variable (the use of PPE) and the independent variables (occupational risk perception and risk tolerance). STATA 14 was used for the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Workers who perceive themselves at high risk of occupational health problems are more likely to use PPE (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1, p = .03), as are those who are very worried about getting accidents/illnesses (OR = 2.6, p = .03) or believe that these health problems are preventable (OR = 2.3, p = .01). Contrary to expectation, workers who experienced accidents/illnesses in the past are less likely to use PPE (OR = 0.3, p = .00) than those who did not. The established positive relationship between occupational risk perception and PPEs’ usage provides information to various stakeholders for designing safety programs that can reduce exposure to the occupational risks for informal automobile artisans in Nigeria.
Combined Effects of Drivers and Impact of Customer Satisfaction on Brand Loyalty: The Contingent Effect of Social Trust

We strived to examine the combined effects of drivers and consequences of customers’ satisfaction particularly in quick-meal restaurants besides examining the interaction effect of social trust on the association between customers’ satisfaction and brand loyalty. Offline survey was conducted to approach the respondents of fast-food visitors. The valid data were assessed and analyzed through structural equation modeling and moderation step-by-step approach. The findings demonstrate that restaurant stimuli—food, service, atmosphere, location, price, and a variety of food—have robust effects on customers’ satisfaction and eventually on brand loyalty. Social trust has rigorous effect on the association between customers’ satisfaction and brand loyalty. Customers with high social trust have a positive strong bonding with restaurants than those holding low social trust. Theoretical and practical implications have been deliberated and offer some valuable recommendations along for future scholars.
Urban and Spatial Planning: Pragmatic Considerations for Plan Implementation Improvements (A Case Study of the City of Bor)

The main task of planning documents is to achieve maximal rationality in the use of space, spatial resources, and balanced territorial development. The preparation of plans is regulated by a legislative framework, which embraces multiple phases and stakeholders. In a perfect planning process, it would be expected that all the elements are well coordinated and brought to common understanding, but in reality, obstacles and challenges can occur in any of these steps, especially in the implementation phase. Although a plan is fully prepared to be practiced, its implementation might be omitted. Therefore, this article analyzes the full process of spatial and urban planning from the perspective of plan implementation. The methodology is based on a combination of different data collection methods (interviews, fieldwork, direct observation) with the analysis of plans and the particular mention of those plans that picture the implementation issues the most. Also, legislative acts and semi-annual and annual reports on the achievements of the local government budget are analyzed. The approach indicates that plan implementation depends the most on the willingness of the government to perform changes in the system and to peruse punitive policy comprehensively. Although it is about implementation at the local level, the success primarily depends on clear definitions given in the legislative acts, freedom of the local communities to make their own decisions, and financial decentralization, side by side with the regional and local circumstances, institutional technical and staff capacities, and application of participatory planning that involves actors from various sectors.