Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Moderating Role of Political Ideology: Need for Cognition, Media Locus of Control, Misinformation Efficacy, and Misperceptions About COVID-19

Along with the horrific impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been another attack alongside termed as the “infodemic. ” The main purposes of the current study are to examine (1) the association between literacy variables and misperceptions about COVID-19 and (2) the moderating role of political ideology on these relationships. The findings from a survey conducted in the United States show that self-identified liberals, need for cognition, and misinformation efficacy were negatively related to misperceptions about COVID-19. Findings from Hayes’s PROCESS model 1 show meaningful moderating effects of need for cognition, media locus of control, and misinformation efficacy with political ideology. Implications are discussed. process arguments by considering their strengths and engaging in more systematic processing of information DeCoster, In a recent experimental study, Leding and Antonio found that participants who scored high on NFC were “less susceptible to misinformation” (p. 409). These results make sense because high-NFC individuals engage in systematic processing of information. High-NFC individuals would monitor information more carefully, which would make them less vulnerable to mis- and disinformation. Based on this literature, the first hypothesis is proposed.
Inﬂuence of the Stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Madden–Julian Oscillation during Austral Summer

Inﬂuence of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and its statistical signiﬁcance are examined for austral summer (DJF) in neutral ENSO events during 1979– 2013. The amplitude of the OLR-based MJO index (OMI) is typically larger in the easterly phase of the QBO at 50 hPa (E-QBO phase) than in the westerly (W-QBO) phase. Daily composite analyses are performed by focusing on phase 4 of the OMI, when the active convective system is located over the eastern Indian Ocean through the Maritime Continent. The composite OLR anomaly shows a larger negative value and slower eastward propagation with a prolonged period of active convection in the E-QBO phase than in the W-QBO phase. Statistically signiﬁcant differences of the MJO activities between the QBO phases also exist with dynamical consistency in the divergence of horizontal wind, the vertical wind, the moisture, the precipitation, and the 100-hPa temperature. A conditional sampling analysis is also performed by focusing on the most active convective region for each day, irrespective of the MJO amplitude and phase. Composite vertical proﬁles of the conditionally sampled data over the most active convective region reveal lower temperature and static stability around the tropopause in the E-QBO phase than in the W-QBO phase, which indicates more favorable conditions for developing deep convection. This feature is more prominent and extends into lower levels in the upper troposphere over the most active convective region than other tropical regions. Composite longitude–height sections show similar features of the large-scale convective system associated with the MJO, including a vertically propagating Kelvin response.
Long-Run and Multi-Generational Impacts of Investments in Child Health: Evidence from a Government Trial

We transcribe handwritten nurse records on Danish children born in the 1960s and link them to administrative population data to study how preventive health care for toddlers affects them in the long run. We exploit variation from a government trial at scale, extending a universal home visiting program to not only cover infancy but two additional years for ten percent of Copenhagen children, those born on the first three days of the month. We find health improvements over the life course for treated children on measures of childhood health, an adult good health index, and shortand long-run mortality. While we do not find impacts on a combined education and labor market index, treated girls experience significant improvements in labor market outcomes likely related to improved health. For children with initial health disadvantages long-run health impacts are largest and may even extend to their own offspring. Our findings demonstrate that universal early-life health policies during childhood can contribute to the alleviation of adult health inequalities at very modest per-child costs.
COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Two Pandemic Waves in Poland and Predictors of Poor Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospitalized Young Adults

SARS-CoV-2 variants pose a significant threat to global public health. However, their influence on disease severity, especially among young adults who may exhibit different clinical characteristics, is debatable. In this retrospective study of 229 young adults hospitalized with COVID-19, we investigated the differences between Poland’s second and third waves of the pandemic. To identify potential predictors of severe COVID-19 in young adults, we analyzed patient characteristics and laboratory findings between survivors and non-survivors and we performed logistic regression to assess the risk of death, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit treatment. We found no increase in COVID-19 severity comparing the third and second waves of the pandemic, indicating that the alpha variant had no influence on disease severity. In addition, we found that factors, such as obesity, comorbidities, lung involvement, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, higher IG count, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6, D-Dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, high-sensitive troponin I, creatine kinase-myocardial band, myoglobin, N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, creatinine, urea and gamma-glutamyl transferase, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, albumin, calcium and vitamin D3, possibly a decrease in red blood cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and an increase in creatine kinase during hospitalization may be associated with poor outcomes of COVID-19.
Micro- and Macroeconomic Impacts of a Place-Based Industrial Policy

We investigate the impact of a set of place-based subsidies introduced in Turkey in 2012. Using firm-level balance-sheet data along with data on the domestic production network, we first assess the policy’s direct and indirect impacts. We find an increase in economic activity in industry-province pairs that were the focus of the subsidy program, and positive spillovers to the suppliers and customers of subsidized firms. With the aid of a dynamic multi-region, multi-industry general equilibrium model, we then assess the program’s impacts. Based on the calibrated model, we find that, in the long run, the subsidy program is modestly successful in reducing inequality between the relatively underdeveloped and more prosperous portions of the country. These modest longerterm effects are due to the ability of households to migrate in response to the subsidy program and to input-output linkages that traverse subsidy regions within Turkey. JEL Codes: D57, F16, H25, J38, R12 *Atalay: Research Department, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, atalayecon@gmail.com; Hortaçsu: Department of Economics, University of Chicago, hortacsu@uchicago.edu; Runyun: Department of Economics, Boston College, runyun.mustafa@gmail.com; Syverson: University of Chicago Booth School of Business, chad.syverson@chicagobooth.edu; Ulu: College of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Koç University, mulu@ku.edu. tr. Ulu thanks TÜBİTAK (Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu; the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) for financial support related to this project. We thank seminar audiences at the 2022 CompNet Conference, the 2022 SED Meetings, the 2022 Summer Institute (Urban), the Central Bank of Chile, Columbia, Cornell, the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Georgetown, the National Bank of Ukraine, North Carolina State University, Nottingham, Princeton, Stanford, UC Santa Cruz, UNC Chapel Hill, Wharton, and our two conference discussants: Giacomo Ponzetto and Daisoon Kim. We thank, as well, Mehmet Fatih Kacır, İlker Murat Ar, Elif Tuğçe Çınar, Onur Sarıkaya, and Ramazan Seyfeli, and staff at the Turkish Entrepreneur Information System, part of the Turkish Ministry of Industry and Technology. This Philadelphia Fed working paper represents preliminary research that is being circulated for discussion purposes. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia or the Federal Reserve System. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the authors. No statements here should be treated as legal advice. Philadelphia Fed working papers are free to download at https://philadelphiafed.org/research-anddata/publications/working-papers .
Topological Imitations and Reni-Mecchia-Zimmermann's Conjecture

M. Reni has shown that there are at most nine mutually inequivalent knots in the 3-sphere whose 2-fold branched covering spaces are mutually homeomorphic, hyperbolic 3-manifolds. By observing that the Z-homology sphere version of M. Reni's result still holds, M. Mecchia and B. Zimmermann showed that there are exactly nine mutually inequivalent, knots in Z-homology 3-spheres whose 2-fold branched covering spaces are mutually homeomorphic, hyperbolic 3-manifolds, and conjectured that there exist exactly nine mutually inequivalent, knots in the true 3-sphere whose 2-fold branched covering spaces are mutually homeomorphic, hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Their proof used an argument of AID imitations published in 1992. The main result of this paper is to solve their conjecture affirmatively by combining their argument with a theory of strongly AID imitations published in 1997.
Grain size dependence of relaxor behavior in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

The dielectric properties show a typical ferroelectric relaxor behavior in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics with different grain sizes in the temperature range of 400–600K. The relaxation strength and the frequency dispersion increase with grain size decreasing, which can be due to the different stresses in grains with different sizes. These variations have been confirmed by the modified Curie-Weiss law. The results fitted well by the Volgel-Fulcher relationship and the variations in the slim current-voltage loops are correlated with the microstructures closely. It can be proposed that the grain size is one of the main factors of affecting the relaxor behavior.
Emoji2022 2022 The Fifth International Workshop on Emoji Understanding and Applications in Social Media Proceedings of the Workshop

We study the extent to which emoji can be used to add interpretability to embeddings of text and emoji. To do so, we extend the POLAR-framework that transforms word embeddings to interpretable counterparts and apply it to word-emoji embeddings trained on four years of messaging data from the Jodel social network. We devise a crowdsourced human judgement experiment to study six usecases, evaluating against words only, what role emoji can play in adding interpretability to word embeddings. That is, we use a revised POLAR approach interpreting words and emoji with words, emoji or both according to human judgement. We find statistically significant trends demonstrating that emoji can be used to interpret other emoji very well.
Land Market Frictions in Developing Countries: Evidence from Manufacturing Firms in India*

This paper examines how land market frictions can hinder the growth of manufacturing firms in developing economies. Land market frictions are the result of increased land fragmentation, poor land records, and restrictive land use policies. Using manufacturing census from India with unique land data, I document that in regions with smaller land parcel size, firms acquire many small parcels slowly over time, expand building with 4% lower probability, and are 22% smaller in size. I build a dynamic structural model that flexibly captures firm land adjustment costs which vary with the size of adjustment and region. I find that land frictions reduce lifetime producer profits by 6.5%. In some regions, firms pay 119% in additional land aggregation costs over and above the dollar value of land. My results are also consistent with the hypothesis that government-affiliated firms face lower land frictions. I find that private firms pay three times more for land aggregation than governmentaffiliated firms. I use the model to analyze the effects of a proposed government land-pooling policy on producer profits, firm growth, and land misallocation; and to quantify the expected losses to firms from the 2015 eminent domain restrictions. JEL Codes: D25, R52, O14
SLA Framework Development for Content Aware Networks Resource Provisioning

— This paper develops a Service Level Agreement (SLA) framework as a part of a complex networked media multi-domain eco-system, aiming to deliver multimedia Quality of Services (QoS) enabled services over multiple domain network infrastructures. It continues a previous work which defined the management architecture of a networked media oriented system - based on new Virtual Content Aware Networks (VCAN) concepts. The contribution of this work, beyond traditional SLA usage, consists in fully specifying and then implementing the dynamic SLA-based management for VCAN resources provisioning in a multi-provider, multi-domain network environment.
Detection by Immunoﬂuorescence Assay of Bartonella henselae in Lymph Nodes from Patients with Cat Scratch Disease

Laboratory diagnosis of Bartonella henselae infections can be accomplished by serology or PCR assay on biopsy samples. The purpose of our work was to assess immunoﬂuorescence detection (IFD) in lymph node smears using a speciﬁc monoclonal antibody directed against B. henselae and a commercial serology assay (IFA) compared with PCR detection. Among 200 lymph nodes examined from immunocompetent patients, 54 were positive for B. henselae by PCR, of which 43 were also positive by IFD. Among the 146 PCR-negative lymph nodes, 11 were positive by IFD. Based on PCR results, the speciﬁcity of this new technique was 92.5%, the sensitivity was 79.6%, and the positive predictive value was 79.6%. At a cutoff titer of 64, the sensitivity of the IFA was 86.8% and the speciﬁcity was 74.1%. Diagnosis of cat scratch disease (CSD) may be improved, with a speciﬁcity of 100%, when the two tests (IFD and IFA) were negative; the sensitivity was 97.4% if one of the two tests was positive. Since PCR-based detection with biopsy samples is available only in reference labora-
Short, P. S. 1985. "A revision of Actinobole Fenzl ex Endl. (Compositae: Inuleae: Gnaphaliinae)." Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 6(1), 9?22.

Short, P. S. A revision of Actinobole Fenzl ex Endl. (Compositae: Inuleae: Gnaphaliinae). MueUeria 6(1): 9-22. (1985). — The endemic Australian genus Actinobole Fenzl ex Endl. is revised. Four species are recognised and two of them, A. drnmmondiana P. S. Short and A, oldfieldiana P, S. Short, are described as new. The grounds for their delimitation, primarily on anther characteristics and pollen-ovule ratios, are discussed.
Information and Disparities in Health Care Quality: Evidence from GP Choice in England

Why do low income patients tend to go to lower quality health care providers, even when they are free? We show that differential information about provider quality is an important determinant of this disparity. Our empirical strategy exploits the temporary presence of a website that publicly displayed summary star ratings of general practitioner (GP) offices in England. Regression discontinuity estimates show that patient demand responds sharply to the information on the website, and that this response is almost entirely driven by residents of low income neighborhoods. The results are consistent with high income patients having better private information about quality. We incorporate our estimates into a structural model of demand that allows for heterogeneity in information, preferences, and consumer inertia. We find that information differences explain 24 percent of the relationship between income and GP quality and reinforce disparities in access to care. JEL Classification: L15, I11, I14, D83 *We are grateful to Martin Gaynor, Matt Grennan, Ben Handel, Maria Polyakova, Carol Propper, and seminar participants at APPAM, Arizona, Berkeley, Caltech, the CEPR virtual IO seminar, Duke, Groningen, GSU, Johns Hopkins, Maryland, Michigan, NBER Summer Institute, SITE, Toulouse, Tsinghua, UC Irvine, UGA, WBEC, and the ZEW Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for valuable comments. We thank Radoslaw Kowalski for sharing data.
Addressing Endogeneity of Casino, Crime and Regional Economy: A Case of Las Vegas, Nevada

Addressing Endogeneity of Casino, Crime and Regional Economy: A Case of Las Vegas, Nevada by Wei Bao, Master of Science Utah State University, 2013 Major Professor: Dr. Man-Keun Kim Department: Applied Economics This paper presents an approach to investigate the statistical relationship among casino activities, crime rates and number of visitors in Las Vegas, NV. Numerous studies have attempted to answer the question whether casino gaming increases crime rates. Casino gaming is statistically correlated with more crimes when researchers use the reported crime rate, i.e., ratio of the number of crimes to local population. However, there is no statistical relationship between the two when researchers use the visitor adjusted crime rate (henceforth adjusted crime rate), i.e., ratio of the number of crimes to local population and visitors, in their analyses. Somewhat surprisingly, previous studies have failed to consider the endogeneity issue, i.e., coincidental impacts of casino activities and crimes. This paper addresses endogeneity among variables by estimating the impact of casino activities on crimes and also impact of crimes on casino activities. To deal with endogeneity, a system of three equations representing casino activities, the number of visitors, and visitor adjusted crime rates is estimated using three stage least squares.
Sparse Production Networks

Firm-to-firm connections in domestic and international production networks play a fundamental role in economic outcomes. Firm heterogeneity and the sparse nature of firm-to-firm connections implicitly discipline network structure. We find that a large group of well-established statistical relationships are not useful in improving our understanding of production networks. We propose an “elementary” model for production networks based on random matching and firm heterogeneity and characterize the families of statistics and data generating processes that may raise underidentification concerns in more complex models. The elementary model is a useful benchmark in developing “instructive” statistics and informing model construction and selection.
Development of DNA Aptamers against Plasmodium falciparum Blood Stages Using Cell-SELEX

New biomarkers have to be developed in order to increase the performance of current antigen-based malaria rapid diagnosis. Antibody production often involves the use of laboratory animals and is time-consuming and costly, especially when the target is Plasmodium, whose variable antigen expression complicates the development of long-lived biomarkers. To circumvent these obstacles, we have applied the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment method to the rapid identification of
Bank Funding Risk, Reference Rates, and Credit Supply

Pre-committed revolving credit lines tend to be drawn heavily when bank funding markets are stressed, presenting an important funding risk to banks. Until recently, banks have mitigated this funding risk by linking the interest paid on lines to risksensitive reference rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). We show that incentives to provide credit lines are dampened by the debt-overhang cost to bank shareholders associated with funding stressed-market drawdowns. However, the associated adverse effect on credit supply is attenuated if: (1) drawdowns are expected be left on deposit at the same bank, which occurred at the largest banks during the COVID shock of March 2020, and (2) revolvers are linked to creditsensitive reference rates that reduce borrower incentives to draw more heavily on their lines during stressed markets. We estimate how the replacement of LIBOR with risk-free alternative reference rates will affect the supply of revolving credit. JEL: G00, G01, G02, G20, G21, E4, E43
A CLASS OF PRESCRIBED SHIFTED GAUSS CURVATURE EQUATIONS FOR HORO-CONVEX HYPERSURFACES IN H n +1

Inspired by the generalized Christoﬀel problem, we consider a class of prescribed shifted Gauss curvature equations for horo-convex hypersurfaces in H n +1 . Under some suﬃcient conditions, we prove the a priori estimates for solutions to the Monge-Amp`ere type equation det( κ − 1 ) = f ( X,ν ( X )). More- over, we obtain an existence result for the compact horo-convex hypersurface M satisfying the above equation with various assumptions.
Multiple classifier systems for the classification of hyperspectral data

In this thesis, we propose several new techniques for the classification of hyperspectral remote sensing images based on multiple classifier system (MCS). Our proposed framework introduces significant innovations with regards to previous approaches in the same field, many of which are mainly based on an individual algorithm. First, we propose to use Rotation Forests with several linear feature extraction and compared them with the traditional ensemble approaches, such as Bagging, Boosting, Random subspace and Random Forest. Second, the integration of the support vector machines (SVM) with Rotation subspace framework for context classification is investigated. SVM and Rotation subspace are two powerful tools for high-dimensional data classification. Therefore, combining them can further improve the classification performance. Third, we extend the work of Rotation Forests by incorporating local feature extraction technique and spatial contextual information with Markov random Field (MRF) to design robust spatial-spectral methods. Finally, we presented a new general framework, Random subspace ensemble, to train series of effective classifiers, including decision trees and extreme learning machine (ELM), with extended multi-attribute profiles (EMAPs) for classifying hyperspectral data. Six RS ensemble methods, including Random subspace with DT (RSDT), Random Forest (RF), Rotation Forest (RoF), Rotation Random Forest (RoRF), RS with ELM (RSELM) and Rotation subspace with ELM (RoELM), are constructed by the multiple base learners. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques is illustrated by comparing with state-of-the-art methods by using real hyperspectral data sets with different contexts.
Spillover Effects of Immigration Policies on Children's Human Capital

We study the spillover effects of immigration enforcement policies on children’s human capital, concentrating on language proficiency as one of the most important skills. Exploiting the temporal and geographic variation in the enactment of immigration enforcement policies, we find that English language skills of US-born children with at least one undocumented parent are negatively affected by the introduction of immigration enforcement laws. Our estimates are of comparable size but opposite sign as important childhood interventions aimed at improving skills. The reduction in children’s English skills is caused by changes in parental investment behavior. Parents are less likely to enroll their children in formal non-mandatory preschool, substituting formal non-mandatory preschool education with parental time spent at home. Parents also reduce time spent socializing, as a response to immigration laws. We interpret this as evidence that parents’ behavioral change is likely driven by increasing fear of being detected and deported. Ultimately, these developments lead to a reduction in children’s language skills.