Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CMOS-RRAM Based Non-Volatile Ternary Content Addressable Memory (nvTCAM)

We propose a Non-Volatile Ternary Content Addressable Memory (nvTCAM) by utilizing two Resistive Random-Access Memory (RRAM) cells integrated with individual selector transistors (i.e., 2-Transistor, 2-RRAM). A 2T2R cell configured either in complementary resistive switching mode (i.e., if one 1T1R cell is in low resistance state then the other cell will be in high resistance state or vice-versa) or both RRAMs in high resistance state is utilized to implement a single nvTCAM unit. Through Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations and power supply scaling (i.e., <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{DD}$</tex-math></inline-formula> varying from 1.4 V to 2.2 V) effects, reliability of the proposed cell was studied. Moreover, we performed the simulations for various sizes of word length from 1-bit to 64-bits and calculated the energy and delay parameters. We compared the proposed nvTCAM cell with various existing CMOS/NVM (Non-Volatile Memory) designs. Our proposed nvTCAM design provides <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\geq 2\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> area efficiency as compared to CMOS-NVM counterparts and even upto <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 6\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> area saving with respect to CMOS-based volatile TCAM. The proposed design achieves atleast 1.68× to 2.27× energy efficiency, as compared to existing CMOS/RRAM implementations. Moreover the energy saving is further increased upto <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 1400\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> as compared to magnetic/ferroelectric-based nvTCAM counterparts.
Local bubble gas hold-up and expansion of gas/solid fluidized beds

En partant de la classification des solides de Geldart dans les lots fluidises, on derive des relations pour la retenue des bulles et la hauteur du lit fluidise, sur la base de mesures locales des bulles dans des lits de dimensions variables. Ces relations ont ete verifiees experimentalement. Les relations donnees permettent de predire la fraction de bulle locale et la hauteur du lit en fonction des proprietes physiques du solide, de la vitesse superficielle du gaz, du diametre du lit fluidise et de la masse des solides dans le lit fluidise. On tient compte en particulier de l'influence de l'extrapolation
Neonates and Infants with Left Heart Obstruction and Borderline Left Ventricle Undergoing Biventricular Repair: What Do We Know about Long-Term Outcomes? A Critical Review

Background: The decision to perform biventricular repair (BVR) in neonates and infants presenting with either single or multiple left ventricle outflow obstructions (LVOTOs) and a borderline left ventricle (BLV) is subject to extensive discussion, and limited information is known regarding the long-term outcomes. As a result, the objective of this study is to critically assess and summarize the available data regarding the prognosis of neonates and infants with LVOTO and BLV who underwent BVR. Methods: In February 2023, we conducted a review study with three different medical search engines (the National Library of Medicine, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library) for Medical Subject Headings and free text terms including “congenital heart disease”, “outcome”, and “borderline left ventricle”. The search was refined by adding keywords for “Shone’s complex”, “complex LVOT obstruction”, “hypoplastic left heart syndrome/complex”, and “critical aortic stenosis”. Results: Out of a total of 51 studies, 15 studies were included in the final analysis. The authors utilized heterogeneous definitions to characterize BLV, resulting in considerable variation in inclusion criteria among studies. Three distinct categories of studies were identified, encompassing those specifically designed to evaluate BLV, those focused on Shone’s complex, and finally those on aortic stenosis. Despite the challenges associated with comparing data originating from slightly different cardiac defects and from different eras, our results indicate a favorable survival rate and clinical outcome following BVR. However, the incidence of reintervention remains high, and concerns persist regarding residual pulmonary hypertension, which has been inadequately investigated. Conclusions: The available data concerning neonates and infants with LVOTO and BLV who undergo BVR are inadequate and fragmented. Consequently, large-scale studies are necessary to fully ascertain the long-term outcome of these complex defects.
Interactions of arctic clouds, radiation, and sea ice in present-day and future climates

INTERACTIONS OF ARCTIC CLOUDS, RADIATION, AND SEA ICE IN PRESENT-DAY AND FUTURE CLIMATES The Arctic climate system involves complex interactions among the atmosphere, land surface, and the sea-ice-covered Arctic Ocean. Observed changes in the Arctic have emerged and projected climate trends are of significant concern. Surface warming over the last few decades is nearly double that of the entire Earth. Reduced sea-ice extent and volume, changes to ecosystems, and melting permafrost are some examples of noticeable changes in the region. This work is aimed at improving our understanding of how Arctic clouds interact with, and influence, the surface budget, how clouds influence the distribution of sea ice, and the role of downwelling longwave radiation (DLR) in climate change. In the first half of this study, we explore the roles of sea-ice thickness and downwelling longwave radiation in Arctic amplification. As the Arctic sea ice thins and ultimately disappears in a warming climate, its insulating power decreases. This causes the surface air temperature to approach the temperature of the relatively warm ocean water below the ice. The resulting increases in air temperature, water vapor and cloudiness lead to an increase in the surface downwelling longwave radiation, which enables a further thinning of the ice. This positive iceinsulation feedback operates mainly in the autumn and winter. A climate-change simulation with
Histopathological and Tumor Characteristics Associated with False Negative Axillary Ultrasonography Results in Breast Cancer.

AIMS As the false-negative rates of axillary ultrasonography (AUS) (21%-48%) are not optimal, the demand for axillary surgery remains even if AUS is negative. The aim of this study is to determine the histopathological and tumor characteristics associated with false-negative AUS results. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with normal AUS were divided into two groups as true-negative and false-negative according to the histopathology results of axillary lymph nodes. Two groups were compared in terms of age, histological grade of the primary tumor, histological size of the primary tumor, histological type, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and ultrasonography BI-RADS classification of the primary tumor. The number of metastatic lymph nodes, size of the largest metastatic lymph node and the number of micrometastatic lymph nodes were also noted in the false-negative group. RESULTS There were 152 patients with normal preoperative AUS in the study group. The false-negative AUS rate was 20.4%. The incidence of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and the mean tumor size was significantly greater in the false-negative group. Micrometastasis was present in 3 patients (3/31, 9.6%), the mean of the largest metastatic lymph nodes was 12.5 mm, the mean total number of malignant lymph nodes was 1.9 in the false-negative group. In 25/31 (80.6%) of the patients, there were less than or equal to 2 metastatic lymph nodes. The presence of LVI was higher in the false-negative group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the other parameters. CONCLUSION Before stating that the axilla is normal on ultrasonography, a careful evaluation should be made in patients with a mass >2 cm in size and/ or ILC diagnosis.
Examining impacts of mass‐diameter (m‐D) and area‐diameter (A‐D) relationships of ice particles on retrievals of effective radius and ice water content from radar and lidar measurements

Mass‐diameter (m‐D) and projected area‐diameter (A‐D) relations are often used to describe the shape of nonspherical ice particles. This study analytically investigates how retrieved effective radius (reff) and ice water content (IWC) from radar and lidar measurements depend on the assumption of m‐D [m(D) = a Db] and A‐D [A(D) = γ Dδ] relationships. We assume that unattenuated reflectivity factor (Z) and visible extinction coefficient (kext) by cloud particles are available from the radar and lidar measurements, respectively. A sensitivity test shows that reff increases with increasing a, decreasing b, decreasing γ, and increasing δ. It also shows that a 10% variation of a, b, γ, and δ induces more than a 100% change of reff. In addition, we consider both gamma and lognormal particle size distributions (PSDs) and examine the sensitivity of reff to the assumption of PSD. It is shown that reff increases by up to 10% with increasing dispersion (μ) of the gamma PSD by 2, when large ice particles are predominant. Moreover, reff decreases by up to 20% with increasing the width parameter (ω) of the lognormal PSD by 0.1. We also derive an analytic conversion equation between two effective radii when different particle shapes and PSD assumptions are used. When applying the conversion equation to nine types of m‐D and A‐D relationships, reff easily changes up to 30%. The proposed reff conversion method can be used to eliminate the inconsistency of assumptions that made in a cloud retrieval algorithm and a forward radiative transfer model.
Mimicking Facial Expressions Facilitates Working Memory for Stimuli in Emotion-Congruent Colours

It is one thing for everyday phrases like “seeing red” to link some emotions with certain colours (e.g., anger with red), but can such links measurably bias information processing? We investigated whether emotional face information (angry/happy/neutral) held in visual working memory (VWM) enhances memory for shapes presented in a conceptually consistent colour (red or green) (Experiment 1). Although emotional information held in VWM appeared not to bias memory for coloured shapes in Experiment 1, exploratory analyses suggested that participants who physically mimicked the face stimuli were better at remembering congruently coloured shapes. Experiment 2 confirmed this finding by asking participants to hold the faces in mind while either mimicking or labelling the emotional expressions of face stimuli. Once again, those who mimicked the expressions were better at remembering shapes with emotion-congruent colours, whereas those who simply labelled them were not. Thus, emotion–colour associations appear powerful enough to guide attention, but—consistent with proposed impacts of “embodied emotion” on cognition—such effects emerged when emotion processing was facilitated through facial mimicry.
Genetic interrelationship among quantitative traits and path analysis of some West African okra (Abelmoschus caillei) genotypes

Abstract. Thirty-six entries of a half diallel cross were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farm, Adamawa State University, Mubi in 2012 and 2013 under rain fed conditions. The investigation was conducted to study inter-character correlations and path coefficient analyses of yield related traits in West African okra. Fresh pod yield exhibited highly significant (P≤0.01) positive correlation with pods/plant, pod length, branches/plant, pod diameter and leaves/plant. Pod length recorded a highly significant positive correlation with plant height, pod diameter, number of leaves/plant, branches/plant and pods/plant. Similarly, pod diameter had a highly significant positive correlation with plant height, number of leaves, branches and pods/plant. Furthermore, number of pods/plant and branches/plant recorded highly significant positive correlation among yield related traits except plant height. The path coefficient analysis of fresh pod yield and yield related traits showed that number of pods/plant gave the highest direct contribution and percentage yield contribution of 47.83%, followed by pod diameter which contributed 4.58%. Also the highest combined contribution of 14.43% came from pods/plant and pod diameter. Residual percentage contribution was 30.64% revealing that pod yield attributes in this study explained 69.36%. This investigation suggests that pods/plant and pod diameter can be considered as selection criteria for the improvement of West African okra genotypes.
Neural and Onconeural Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Markers in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for High-Grade Primary Brain Tumour

Radiotherapy (RT) plays a key role in brain tumours but can negatively impact functional outcomes and quality of life. The aim of this study was to analyse anti-neural and onconeural autoantibodies and markers of blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in patients with primary brain cancer undergoing RT. Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted on 45 patients with a brain tumour scheduled for intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Assessments were performed at baseline, post-RT, and at three months. We measured serum levels of BBB disruption biomarkers and anti-neural, onconeural, and organ-specific antibodies. Results. Antibodies against nucleosome antigens and neuronal surface antigens were detected in 85% and 3% of cases, respectively; anti-neural and onconeural antibodies were observed in 47% and 5.8%. In 44% patients, ≥2 antibody types were detected. No significant changes in BBB biomarkers were observed. Conclusion. The findings of this study show that a humoral immune response is common in patients undergoing RT for brain cancer. This response appears to be non-organ specific but rather directed against nucleosome antigens, but onconeural antibodies were uncommon, suggesting a low risk of a neurological paraneoplastic syndrome. Our data suggested that radiotherapy may not affect BBB integrity, but larger studies are needed to better characterise the pathophysiological effects of RT.
Sexual behavior of university students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the sexual behaviors of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Mixed study, carried out on four campuses of a public university in Paraíba, Brazil, between March 2021 and April 2022. The research followed ethical precepts. Results: 404 university students were included, with an average age of 23.7 years, predominantly female, brown and single. The prevalence of self-reported sexually transmitted infections was 7.9%. Male students were more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior. Multiple logistic regression indicated that university students aged 25 or over who had engaged in casual sex in the last 12 months and had received or paid for sex were more likely to have sexually transmitted infections. The content analysis showed that social isolation was reflected in reduced consumption of alcohol and other substances, reduced sexual practices, increased use of social networks, as well as low adherence to condoms. Conclusion: Physical distancing has an impact on the sexual behavior of university students, as well as on the consumption of alcohol and other substances.
Effects of tillage and compost amendment on infiltration in compacted soils

Soils are compacted during land development through soil excavation and heavy equipment traffic. Compacted soils have limited infiltration and are susceptible to erosion. Infiltration can be enhanced by various approaches including tillage and compost addition. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of tillage and adding compost to reduce stormwater runoff and sediment loss by improving infiltration in simulated postconstruction soils. Tillage treatments were tested at two sites in the Piedmont region of North Carolina (Piedmont 1 and 2). Prior to applying tillage and amendment, soils at both sites were graded to remove the surface horizon and compacted with a vibratory roller. At Piedmont 1, the treatments were compacted with no tillage, shallow (15 cm [5.9 in] depth) tillage (ST), and deep (30 cm [11.8 in] depth) tillage (DT). At Piedmont 2 the treatments were compacted, DT, and DT with incorporated compost (DT+Com). The grass seed mixtures recommended by the North Carolina Department of Transportation for the location (Piedmont) and time of planting were applied at each site. Runoff volumes (RV) and total suspended solids were measured after each of the first 12 and 13 storm events at Piedmont 1 and 2, respectively. Infiltration rate (IR) and bulk density (BD) were determined five and seven months after establishment at Piedmont 1 and 2, respectively. At both sites, RV and total amount of soil loss were reduced with tillage by 60% to 82% during the monitoring period. Neither deeper tillage nor incorporating compost significantly affected these results. Grass establishment was significantly better with tillage. The IRs measured at the end of the monitoring period were around 1 cm h−1 (0.4 in hr−1) in the compacted treatment but ranged from 19 to 33 cm h−1 (7.5 to 13 in hr−1) in the tilled treatments, again with no effects of tillage depth or compost. The results suggest that tillage to a depth of at least 15 cm (6 in) can be highly effective for improving soil conditions and reducing runoff and erosion from soils compacted as the result of construction activities.
ENHANCE: a comparative prospective longitudinal study of cognitive outcomes after 3 years of hearing aid use in older adults

Background With an aging population, the prevalence of hearing loss and dementia are increasing rapidly. Hearing loss is currently considered the largest potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia. The effect of hearing interventions on cognitive function should therefore be investigated, as if effective, these may be successfully implemented to modify cognitive outcomes for older adults with hearing loss. Methods This prospective longitudinal observational cohort study compared outcomes of a convenience sample of prospectively recruited first-time hearing aid users without dementia from an audiology center with those of community-living older adults participating in a large prospective longitudinal cohort study with/without hearing loss and/or hearing aids. All participants were assessed at baseline, 18 months, and 36 months using the same measures. Results Participants were 160 audiology clinic patients (48.8% female patient; mean age 73.5 years) with mild–severe hearing loss, fitted with hearing aids at baseline, and 102 participants of the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Aging (AIBL) (55.9% female patient; mean age 74.5 years). 18- and 36-month outcomes of subsets of the first participants to reach these points and complete the cognition assessment to date are compared. Primary comparative analysis showed cognitive stability for the hearing aid group while the AIBL group declined on working memory, visual attention, and psychomotor function. There was a non-significant trend for decline in visual learning for the AIBL group versus no decline for the hearing aid group. The hearing aid group showed significant decline on only 1 subtest and at a significantly slower rate than for the AIBL participants (p < 0.05). When education effects on cognitive trajectory were controlled, the HA group still performed significantly better on visual attention and psychomotor function (lower educated participants only) compared to the AIBL group but not on working memory or visual learning. Physical activity had no effect on cognitive performance trajectory. Conclusion Hearing aid users demonstrated significantly better cognitive performance to 3 years post-fitting, suggesting that hearing intervention may delay cognitive decline/dementia onset in older adults. Further studies using appropriate measures of cognition, hearing, and device use, with longer follow-up, are required.
Preferences for childbirth delivery and pain relief methods among pregnant women in Vietnam

Background Understanding childbirth delivery and pain relief method preferences is important as a part of the shared decision-making process between pregnant women and health professionals. This study aimed to examine the preferences for childbirth delivery modes and pain relief methods and factors related to these preferences among pregnant women in Vietnam. Methods A cross-sectional survey on pregnant women was conducted in two obstetrics hospitals in Vietnam. Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire were performed to collect information about sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy characteristics, preferences for different childbirth delivery modes, and pain relief methods. Multivariate logistic regression was employed for determining associated factors with the preferences. Results Of 576 pregnant women, 34% of participants preferred cesarean section. Most of the sample did not have any preferences for specific pharmacological pain relief methods (70.1%), while support from partner/relatives was the most preferable non-pharmacological method (61.3%), following by water birth (11.1%) and acupuncture (9.9%). Desire to have another baby, relatives’ experience, selection date of birth, and instrumental social support were major drivers of the cesarean section selection. This preference was an important factor in the preference for pharmacological pain relief. Meanwhile, high levels of informational and emotional support were associated with non-pharmacological method preference. Conclusion This study highlighted a high preference rate for cesarean section in urban pregnant women in Vietnam. Holistic approaches from family, health facility, and policy should be performed to diminish the cesarean rate preference and promote the use of non-pharmacological pain relief methods during birth.
Navigating the Frontier: Emerging Techniques for Detecting Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Review

This review comprehensively explores emerging techniques for detecting microvascular complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), addressing the critical need for advancements in early detection and management. As T2DM continues to rise globally, microvascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality associated with the condition. The review synthesizes key findings, revealing various emerging technologies, from advanced imaging modalities to genomic and proteomic approaches. It underscores the potential for personalized medicine, emphasizing the importance of tailoring diagnostic strategies to individual patient profiles. Challenges, including the lack of standardized criteria and issues related to patient adherence, highlight the necessity for collaborative efforts. The conclusion issues a call to action, advocating for enhanced collaboration, increased research investment, patient empowerment through education, and seamless integration of emerging diagnostic techniques into routine clinical care. The review envisions a transformative shift in detecting and managing microvascular complications in T2DM, ultimately improving patient outcomes and contributing to a healthier future for individuals affected by this prevalent metabolic disorder.