Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security Enhancement via Antenna Selection in MIMOME Channels With Discrete Inputs

Transmit antenna selection (TAS) is an emerging technology in physical layer security. To provide new insights into the achievable secrecy performance of TAS in practical communication systems, this paper investigates the average secrecy rate (ASR) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) under practical modulation schemes in TAS aided multiple-input multiple-output multiple-antenna eavesdropper (MIMOME) wiretap channels over Rayleigh fading. Particularly, this research concentrates more on the square $M$ -ary quadrature amplitude modulation ( $M$ -QAM). Furthermore, in the considered MIMOME channel, a single antenna is selected to transmit the secret message, and selection combining (SC) or maximal-ratio combining (MRC) is utilized at the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper. Based on this system model, novel expressions for the ASR and SOP are formulated to characterize the secrecy performance of the finite-alphabet driven MIMOME channel. Besides exact analysis, an asymptotic analysis is performed using the considered performance metrics in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Theoretical analyses suggest that the asymptotic ASR and SOP converge to finite constants in high SNR regime due to the discrete constellation constraint, and we find that the asymptotic behaviour of discrete inputs differs from that of Gaussian inputs. Furthermore, we derive concise expressions to characterize the rate of convergence (ROC) of the ASR and SOP, respectively. To unveil more system design insights, we discuss the relationship between the ROC and several important system parameters such as the antenna number and the modulation order.
Adaptabilidade e estabilidade produtiva de feijão-caupi

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate thegrain yield stability and adaptability of 15 cowpea ( Vignaunguiculata ) genotypes using the additive main effectsand multiplicative interaction model. The trials werecarried out at 13 environments of Piaui and Maranhao,Brazil, from 1999 to 2001. Genotype showed low effect,but environment, genotype x environment interaction, andthe first tree axes of the principal components analysiswere highly significant (P<0.01). The principalcomponents analysis explained 72.82% of the sum ofsquares of the genotype x environment interaction. Evx91-2E and Evx 63-4E genotypes showed high adaptabilityand stability and can be cultivated in all environments.Evx 47-6E and Evx 92-49E genotypes were adapted tolow yield environments, while Evx 63 - 10E genotype hadthe highest yield averages, and specific adaptation tohigh quality environments. Brejo, MA, 2001, and BomJesus, PI, 2000 environments were the most previsionalones, while Teresina, PI, 2001, and Baixa Grande doRibeiro, PI, 2001, were higly unstables. The genotype xenvironment interaction is variable inside andhomogeneous between the states of Piaui and Maranhaoin terms of environmental quality.
Keep Calm and Pump Up the Jams: How Musical Mood and Arousal Affect Visual Attention

Music is a prevalent part of everyday life and there has been a great deal of interest in the possibility that music facilitates cognition, including memory. Listening to background music has a modulatory effect on internal mood and arousal states, putting the listeners at the optimal levels necessary to enhance memory performance. However, there has been little research on how music-induced mood and arousal influence other aspects of cognition, in particular attention. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of background music on visual attention. Participants rated an assortment of music clips on mood and arousal levels. The clips that participants rated most positive or negative in mood and highest or lowest in arousal were used during an adaptation of the Posner cueing task (Posner, 1980). This visual attention task was either performed in silence or while listening to background music. A significant interaction between mood and arousal was observed. Participants were fastest when listening to high arousal positive music and slowest when listening to high arousal negative music. Intermediate performance occurred for low arousal negative and low arousal positive music. Thus, changes in music-induced mood and arousal can indeed alter reaction times, with opposite effects observed for high arousal music based on whether it is perceived as positive or negative in mood. However, there is no evidence that musical mood and arousal affect attention because mood and arousal levels do not alter the effect of congruency on either reaction times or accuracy. Thus, although reaction times are faster in the presence of high arousal positive music, this appears unrelated to effects on attention.
The Precautionary Approach and risk management: can they increase the probability of successes in fishery management?

Considerable progress has been made in the implementation of the Precautionary Approach to the protection of fish stocks, but applying the Precautionary Approach to the protection of fishing communities lags considerably. The principle of intergenerational equity, one of the main tenets of the Precautionary Approach, and the principle of sustainable utilization both imply that the Precautionary Approach should explicitly incorporate the protection of fishing communities, not only the resources they depend on. Risk assessment aims primarily at evaluating the consequences of various harvest strategies in terms of probabilistic statements about future trends in yields, biomass, and dangers to the stock, while risk management involves finding and implementing management policies, strategies, and tactics that reduce the risk to the communities exploiting them. Not all fishery management approaches deal equally well with risk, with some compounding rather than reducing risk. Portfolio management, whereby fishin.
Chromosomal aberrations and DNA repair gene variants in a radon-exposed population [abstract]

Polymorphisms of XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1), XRCC3 (X-ray repair crosscomplementing group 3), and hOGG1 (the human homologue of the yeast OGG1gene) DNA repair genes have been associated with altered DNA repair capacity and risk of various cancers. In the present study our goal was to clarify the influence of various DNA repair gene variants on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in subjects exposed to residential radon. The study group of 84 non-smoking, healthy individuals exposed to domestic radon were analysed using the fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) technique. No association between radon concentration and CA frequencies was observed. However, a significant increase with age was shown as well as a large variability in translocation frequencies between individuals within the same age group. In order to investigate the role of individual susceptibility to this variation, genotypes of DNA repair genes XRCC1 (codons 194, 280 and 399), XRCC3 (codon 241) and hOGG1 (codon 326) were determined from leukocyte DNA using methods based on polymerase chain reaction. Multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate the effect of the polymorphisms and the other confounding factors (age, exposure to radon etc.) to the frequency of CA. The preliminary statistical analyses showed that the different gene variants appeared not to be related to a pronounced increase in chromosome aberration frequencies observed by FISH painting. However, the analysis indicated that the homozygous variant of XRCC3 codon 241 was associated (P<0.05) with two-way translocations in conjunction with age. Larger studies, both with regard to the cohort and the number of gene variants, are needed to elucidate the influence of other DNA repair variants to the yield of chromosomal aberrations. The results indicate that the chromosomal translocations accumulated by age (spontaneous background) may be partly explained by defects in homologous recombination repair.
Comparison of Using Different Level of Black Pepper with Probiotic on Performance and Serum Composition of Broiler Chickens

In this study we tried to investigate the effect of different level of Black pepper with Probiotic on performance, serum composition and immunity parameters of broiler chickens. The study was carried out with 225 broiler chickens in 5 treatment groups and 3 repetitions for each group with 15 chickens. Experimental groups included T1, control group, T2,basal diet containing 1% probiotic(L. acidophilus and L. casei), T3, Using 0.5% of Black pepper, T4, Using 0.75% of Black pepper, T5, Using 1% Black pepper. The results showed that using different level of black pepper had significant effects on performance, carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters of broilers (p<0.05). The highest percent of breast were observed in the group 2 but the lowest percent of breast was observed in control group also the lowest percent of abdominal fat and the highest level of HDL and food intake were observed in group 5. The amount of total LDL was not significantly different among groups but the effects of all treatments groups on SRBC count were significantly higher than control group. The results evidence that the using different level of black pepper and probiotic, in broiler feeds have significantly effects on
Seasonal variations in the population biology of Salmostoma bacaila (Cyprinidae) from a tributary of the Payra River, Bangladesh

Some biological parameters of Salmostoma bacaila – including sex ratio, length-frequency distributions (LFDs), size at sexual maturity, spawning season, length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factor – were studied. Samples were collected seasonally during June 2017 to May 2018 from a tributary of the Payra River. The overall sex ratio was significantly different from the expected value of 1:1 (p < 0.001), in favour of male specimens. Females were significantly larger than males. Size at sexual maturity was estimated at 7.6~7.7 cm total length. Seasonal variations in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) indicate that the main spawning season is from spring to summer. The LWRs showed negative allometric growth in both sexes, but with clear seasonal variation. Fulton’s condition factor varied in both sexes and was attributed to variations in GSI with maturity. The fin¬dings of this study will be helpful for management and conservation of S. bacaila populations.
Yogurt production from reconstituted skim milk powders using different polymer and non-polymer forming starter cultures

Summary Using polymer producing (ropy) strains of lactic acid bacteria it was possible to reduce considerably the syneresis of yogurt, even with 12% total milk solids. The viscosities obtained with these strains were also similar to those obtained using normal strains and milk with 17% total solids content. The concentration of milk and the polymer produced by ropy starters had a synergic effect in increasing viscosity. Polymer production was not affected in most cases by milk concentration. One type of ropy culture (Wiesby) seemed to produce a different kind of polymer as it could not be determined by alcohol precipitation, in spite of being able to reduce syneresis and increase viscosity in yogurt. A limited number of yogurts were evaluated organoleptically, one prepared with a ropy starter strain (NCFB at 12, 14·5 and 17% total solids) and one prepared with a non-ropy strain (LL-I at 17% total solids). The results suggest that the ropy strain yogurts had different mouthfeel from the non-ropy strain yogurts; the most acceptable product overall was the ropy strain made with 12% total solids.
Genetics of Length of Dormancy Period in Malus Vegetative Buds

In a study of chilling requirement in Malus, broad-sense heritability estimates for the length of vegetative bud dormancy in 43 clones growing under simulated subtropical winter conditions were 0.76 ± 0.04 in 1986 and 0.81 ± 0.04 in 1987. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were 0.66 ± 0.13 in 1986 and 0.69 ± 0.13 in 1987. Seedlings with low chilling requirements (CR) were not observed in crosses where both parents had high bud-chilling require- ments. 'Koningszuur' did not transmit its long CR to its seedlings. Open-pollinated (OP) seedling populations from the Malus × domestics Borkh. cultivars Anna, Dorsett Golden, Ein Shemer, Khashabi, Winter Banana, and Zabaoani, and the species and interspecific hybrids M. baccata L. DE#98, M. brevipes Rehd. , M. ×robusta (Carr.) Rehd. DE#485, M. × robusta No. 5 ('R5'), M. rockii, M. turesi Rehd. PI 34143, and 'Rosedale' had at least 5% of their descendants in the lower CR classes. In all but one instance, 50% or more of 'Anna' descendants had low CR. Many of these seedlings were within a few classes of the extreme low CR. It is postulated that the low-CR character present in 'Anna' is controlled by at least one major dominant gene and that minor genes interact to modulate its effects. Very low-CR cultivars have a shallow bud dormancy. This highly heritable component for low bud CR is related to a failure to develop a deep dormancy state, rather than to acceleration of the termination of the dormancy process. In many subtemperate and subtropical regions, winter tem- peratures are not low enough for long enough to satisfy the CR of temperate-zon e apples. Application of chemicals has been necessary to achieve budbreak and cropping. The low-CR apple cultivars now commercially available are lacking in fruit qual- ity. Developing higher-quality, low-chilhng cultivars for sub- temperate and subtropical regions requires the hybridization of parents having high quality but high CR with parents having low CR but low quality. Knowledge of the inheritance pattern of the amount of chilling required to break dormancy is impor- tant for developing effective breeding strategies. Heritability (H') expresses the proportion of the variation of a trait that has a genetic origin. The most important function of heritability is its predictive role, expressing the reliability of the phenotypic value as a guide to breeding value (Falconer, 1981). Parent- offspring regression is the most reliable predictor of response to selection and is probably the most widely used predictor in
Seed Germination and Radicle Growth of a Halophyte, Kalidium caspicum (Chenopodiaceae)

EAects of temperature, light, NaCl and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 on seed germination and radicle growth in a halophytic shrub, Kalidium caspicum (L.) Ung. -Sternb. were investigated. When seeds were incubated in deionized water at constant temperatures between 10 and 308C, the percentage germination in the dark exceeded 75%; light suppressed seed germination at alternating temperatures. Incubating seeds with a hypersaline solution of NaCl for 30 d had no adverse eAect on their germinability. The percentage germination of seeds incubated with aˇ0. 8M Pa NaCl solution was 73, 80 and 54% at 10, 20 and 308C, respectively, but all radicles died before their length exceeded 5 mm. In contrast, when seeds were incubated with aˇ0. 8 MPa PEG solution at 208C, 68% of seeds germinated, and 95% of the emerging radicles survived beyond 5 mm. The high sensitivity of small radicles of this species to salinity indicated that salt must be removed from the soil surface for seedling establishment. # 2000 Annals of Botany Company
SOME EFFECTS OF NITROGEN SUPPLY ON THE INFECTION OF TOMATO PLANTS WITH TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS

The susceptibility of tomato plants to systemic infection by tomato spotted wilt virus was increased by increasing nitrogen supply to levels above that optimal for growth. The virus content, estimated by local-lesions counts, was also raised by increasing nitrogen. The period between inoculation and the appearance of systemic symptoms was decreased by increasing nitrogen to a point slightly greater than the optimal level for growth, but increased by additional applications. Infected plants receiving more nitrate or ammonium compounds than were needed for optimal growth showed abnormal leaf symptoms and no bronzing. N, P and Mg analyses showed that these symptoms were related primarily to nitrogen content. Such leaves contained more virus than bronzed leaves.
Response of Nodularia spumigena to pCO2 - Part 1: Growth, production and nitrogen cycling

Abstract. Heterocystous cyanobacteria of the genus Nodularia form extensive blooms in the Baltic Sea and contribute substantially to the total annual primary production. Moreover, they dispense a large fraction of new nitrogen to the ecosystem when inorganic nitrogen concentration in summer is low. Thus, it is of ecological importance to know how Nodularia will react to future environmental changes, in particular to increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and what consequences there might arise for cycling of organic matter in the Baltic Sea. Here, we determined carbon (C) and dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates, growth, elemental stoichiometry of particulate organic matter and nitrogen turnover in batch cultures of the heterocystous cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena under low (median 315 μatm), mid (median 353 μatm), and high (median 548 μatm) CO2 concentrations. Our results demonstrate an overall stimulating effect of rising pCO2 on C and N2 fixation, as well as on cell growth. An increase in pCO2 during incubation days 0 to 9 resulted in an elevation in growth rate by 84 ± 38% (low vs. high pCO2) and 40 ± 25% (mid vs. high pCO2), as well as in N2 fixation by 93 ± 35% and 38 ± 1%, respectively. C uptake rates showed high standard deviations within treatments and in between sampling days. Nevertheless, C fixation in the high pCO2 treatment was elevated compared to the other two treatments by 97% (high vs. low) and 44% (high vs. mid) at day 0 and day 3, but this effect diminished afterwards. Additionally, elevation in carbon to nitrogen and nitrogen to phosphorus ratios of the particulate biomass formed (POC : POP and PON : POP) was observed at high pCO2. Our findings suggest that rising pCO2 stimulates the growth of heterocystous diazotrophic cyanobacteria, in a similar way as reported for the non-heterocystous diazotroph Trichodesmium. Implications for biogeochemical cycling and food web dynamics, as well as ecological and socio-economical aspects in the Baltic Sea are discussed.
Teacher burnout in the light of workplace, organizational, and social factors

We studied teacher burnout and its relationship with job demands and resources, collective self-efficacy, and social support. Previous studies indicate that the factors of burnout (depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and reduced personal accomplishment) develop in work environment where demands exceed resources, and where social support and collective self-efficacy are both perceived to be low. Online survey method was used (N = 664) in this study. Organizational and social context was measured using the job demands and resources model, and measuring perceived collective self-efficacy of the workplace and social support of the coworkers. Based on the results of correlation analysis, different types of job demands are associated positively with burnout, while job resources, collective self-efficacy, and social support prove to have negative relationship with burnout. The ratio of demands and resources (workload index) also has a strong link to burnout scores. Using linear regression analysis to build a model revealed professional social support, possibility of personal development and job demands as significant predictors of burnout. These findings emphasize the importance of professional social support in the prevention of burnout. The results indicate that training programs which strengthen social support between coworkers are much needed, and that school psychologists can help teachers to develop more supportive communities.
Assessment of Success of Saman Insurance E-education System Using the Delone-Mclean Modified Model

Introduction: This study has used the Delone-McLean model of information success system to assess the degree of success of the Saman Insurance e-education system by focusing on individual application of information systems from the perspective of intra-organizational users.Methods: The descriptive-survey method and simple random sampling was employed for sampling. The statistical population consisted of 200 individuals who were managers, heads, and experts of Saman Insurance who had participated in e-education courses at least once. The structural equation model (SEM) was implemented using SMARTPLS version 2 to test the measurement method and SEM. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by expert opinion and Cronbach’s α was assessed the reliability of the questionnaire at 0.95. Results: The results revealed that the quality of the system, quality of information, and quality of services indirectly effect the success of e-education as determined by user satisfaction. The greatest changes in using the system, user’s satisfaction and net benefits were recorded from quality of information, using the system, and user satisfaction, respectively. Conclusion: Improving student satisfaction assures the success of an e-education system. The relevant factors for this are accessibility to a user-friendly and interactive e-education system, access to updated and relevant information required by users, and suitable support services.
Photosynthetic responses to temperature in tropical lotic macroalgae

A comparative analysis of the photosynthetic responses to temperature (10–30°C) was carried out under short‐term laboratory conditions by chlorophyll fluorescence and oxygen (02) evolution. Ten lotic macroalgal species from southeastern Brazil (20°11–20°48′S, 49°18–49°41′W) were tested, including Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Rhodophyta and Xanthophyta. Temperature had significant effects on electron transport rate (ETR) only for three species (Terpsinoe musica, Bacillariophyta; Cladophora glomerata, Chlorophyta; and C. coeruleus, Rhodophyta), with highest values at 25–30°C, whereas the remaining species had no significant responses. It also had similar effects on non‐photochemical quenching and ETR. Differences in net photosynthesisldark respiration ratios at distinct temperatures were found, with an increasing trend of respiration with higher temperatures. This implies in a decreasing balance between net primary production and temperature, representing more critical conditions toward higher temperatures for most species. In contrast, high net photosynthesis and photosynthesisldark respiration ratios at high and wide ranges of temperature were found in three species of green algae, suggesting that these algae can be important primary producers in lotic ecosystems, particularly in tropical regions. Optimal photosynthetic rates were observed under similar environmental temperatures for five species (two rhodophytes, two chlorophytes and one diatom) considering both techniques, suggesting acclimation to their respective ambient temperatures. C. coeruleus was the only species with peaks of ETR and 02 evolution under similar field‐measured temperatures. All species kept values of ETR and net photosynthesis close to the optimum under a broad range of temperatures. Increased non‐photochemical quenching, as a measure of thermal dissipation of excess energy, toward higher temperatures was observed in some species, as well as positive correlation of non‐photochemical quenching with ETR, and were interpreted as two mechanisms of adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to temperature changes. Different optimal temperatures were found for individual species by each technique, generally under lower temperatures by 02 evolution, indicating dependence on distinct factors: increases in temperature generally induced higher ETR due to increased enzymatic activity, whereas increments of enzymatic activity were compensated by increased respiration and photorespiration leading to decreases in net photosynthesis.