Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
One-step synthesis of polyaniline nanofibers decorated with silver

Polyaniline (PANI)/silver (Ag) nanocomposites containing PANI nanofibers decorated with well-dispersed Ag nanoparticles were obtained with interfacial polymerization. It was interesting that silver nitride affected not only the diameter and crystallinity of the PANI nanofibers but also their room-temperature conductivity. The conductivity increased with increasing Ag loading up to 10 (molar ratio of aniline to silver nitride), but the conductivity moderately decreased with further increasing Ag loading. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis results indicate that the diameter of the PANI nanofibers became smaller and smaller, and their crystallinity got better and better with increasing Ag loading. However, Fourier transform infrared analysis proved that the balance of oxidized and reduced units of PANI became big with increasing Ag loading, which may have resulted in the decreasing conductivity of PANI. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Graft copolymers of methy methacrylate onto canna starch using manganic pyrophosphate as an initiator

In this article, the graft copolymerization of methy methacrylate with canna-starch under the initiating of manganic pyrophosphate was investigated systemly. It was found that the percentage of grafting, grafting efficiency, and rate of grafting were all dependent, to some extent, on the concentration of the initiator, monomer and starch, as well as reaction time and temperature. The rate equation of graft copolymerization established from the experimental results was similar to the equation derived from the reaction mechanism. The graft copolymer was investigated with an infered spectroscope, scanning electron microscope, and x-diffraction methods. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Atomic-scale simulation of the thermodiffusion of hydrogen in palladium

We report molecular-dynamics simulations of Pd:H to elucidate transport properties, with special focus placed on determining the temperature dependence of the heat of transport Q*. Simulation results are analyzed using the Green-Kubo approach. It is found that Q* describing the thermodiffusion of hydrogen increases linearly with temperature. By contrast, the reduced heat of transport Q*′=Q*−h2, with h2 the partial enthalpy of hydrogen, is approximately temperature independent. By computing separately the potential, kinetic, and virial contributions to Q*, it is possible to understand key features of the thermodiffusion process. In particular, the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of hydrogen atoms is increased above that of an average hydrogen atom by an amount comparable to the migration energy during a successful hop. However, the virial term in the energy flux is less than what would be expected based on the average local stress contribution due to the hydrogen atoms. Detailed calculations show t.
X-Ray Diffraction, FTIR, and NMR Characterization of Sol–Gel Alumina Doped with Lanthanum and Cerium

Alumina doped with La and Ce was prepared by using the sol–gel technique. The doping concentrations were alternatively 2 and 5 wt% for each element. Samples were characterized as a function of temperature by using X-ray powder diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. MAS-NMR studies showed that lanthanum and cerium interacted with alumina and produced a compound with aluminum ions in tetrahedral symmetry. These interactions stabilized alumina structure and shifted its transformations to higher temperatures. When cerium-doped samples were heated at temperatures higher than 1000°C, CeO2was segregated. For La doping such segregation was not observed. Bronsted acid sites were generated for the low doping concentrations of both elements. At the high doping concentration, however, only Lewis acid sites existed in a higher concentration than in undoped alumina.
Bubble formation at a single orifice in highly viscous liquids

Bubble formation at an orifice submerged in highly viscous liquid was studied. The volume and shape of the bubble formed at an orifice and the pressure fluctuation in the gas chamber were measured experimentally. A revised nonspherical bubble formation model is proposed to describe the bubble formation mechanism and to estimate the bubble volume and shape and the pressure change in the gas chamber. The bubble volume, bubble shape and gas chamber pressure calculated by the present model agreed relatively well with the values obtained experimentally in a wide range of viscosity: μ = 0.001 to 1.1 Pas.
Simplicity in melt densification in multicomponent magmatic reservoirs in Earth’s interior revealed by multinuclear magnetic resonance

Pressure-induced changes in properties of multicomponent silicate melts in magma oceans controlled chemical differentiation of the silicate earth and the composition of partial melts that might have formed hidden reservoirs. Although melt properties show complex pressure dependences, the melt structures at high pressure and the atomistic origins of these changes are largely unknown because of their complex pressure–composition dependence, intrinsic to multicomponent magmatic melts. Chemical constraints such as the nonbridging oxygen (NBO) content at 1 atm, rather than the structural parameters for melt polymerization, are commonly used to account for pressure-induced changes in the melt properties. Here, we show that the pressure-induced NBO fraction in diverse silicate melts show a simple and general trend where all the reported experimental NBO fractions at high pressure converge into a single decaying function. The pressure-induced changes in the NBO fraction account for and predict the silica content, nonlinear variations in entropy, and the transport properties of silicate melts in Earth’s mantle. The melt properties at high pressure are largely different from what can be predicted for silicate melts with a fixed NBO fraction at 1 atm. The current results with simplicity in melt polymerization at high pressure provide a molecular link to the chemical differentiation, possibly missing Si content in primary mantle through formation of hidden Si-rich mantle reservoirs.
Investigation of Selective Catalytic Reduction of N2O by NH3 over an Fe–Mordenite Catalyst: Reaction Mechanism and O2 Effect

We systematically investigated the reaction mechanism and effect of O2 on N2O reduction by NH3 over an Fe–Mordenite (MOR) catalyst. O2 has no inhibitory effect on N2O reduction, and NH3 selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of N2O is superior to NH3 oxidation by O2. We found that the mechanism of NH3 SCR of N2O involves the redox cycle of Fe(III)–OH sites, with Fe(III)–OH reduction by NH3 as the first and rate-determining step. Then N2O is activated at the reduced Fe(II)–OH sites into NO/N or N2/O, reoxidizing the Fe(II)–OH into Fe(III)–OH sites. Next, the NO formed in situ reacts with adsorbed NH2 to form NH2NO, which further decomposes to N2 and water. In addition, some NO may join with O to form NO2, which reacts with NH4+ to produce NH4NO2 and further decomposes to N2 and water. It is possible that under the steady state, N–NO breaking accounts for two-thirds of N2O splitting. The formation of NO intermediates plays a crucial role in this reaction. The structural arrangement of MOR zeolites and the high.
Interaction of NO with RuO2(110) surface: A First Principles Study

We report results of density functional theory calculations of the interaction of NO with the stoichiometric RuO2(110) surface that provide insights into the experimentally observed lack of reactivity for the system. We find that NO adsorbs on top of the undercoordinated Ru (Ru-cus) with an upright axis, and the adsorption energy (with zero-point contribution) changes from 1.61 eV for 0.5 ML to 1.49 eV for 1 ML coverage. Once all Ru-cus sites are occupied, NO adsorbs on O-bridge sites with adsorption energy of 0.66 eV, forming an asymmetric O···N−O surface complex. We also find a high dissociation barrier of 3.22 eV for NO on Ru-cus. Although the activation energy for oxidation of NO is calculated to be about 1.2 eV, the location of the final state makes the formation of NO2 only transient with a large probability of reverting back to NO. Additionally, the total energy difference for the reaction NO + NO → N2O + O on RuO2(110) is found to be about 1.35 eV. Comparison of results with those for a similar ov.
Aggregate stability as an index of erodibility of ando soils

Erosion experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions to determine the index of credibility of Ando soils. Eighteen soil samples were collected in Kyushu. A simple regression analysis was used to relate the amount of soil loss to the physical and chemical properties, including mechanical composition, clay ratio, aggregate stability, dispersion ratio, erosion ratio, air-dry ratio, organic matter content and pH. Among them, the aggregate stability (>53 μm) showed the highest and negative correlation coefficient (r = —0.956**) to the amount of soil loss, followed by the dispersion ratio (r=0.874**) and the erosion ratio (r=0.701**). Correlation coefficients of the other properties were not significant at level. The aggregate stability was proposed as an index of credibility of Ando soils. The breakdown of sand-size aggregates is the first manifestation of water erosion in Ando soils.
Measurements of atmospheric sea salt concentrations in Hawaii using a Tala kite

An inexpensive and convenient method to sample sea salt concentrations in the lowest few hundred meters of the atmosphere was tested in Hawaii. The string to a Tala kite flying at about 150 m was intersected by thin steel wires on which sea salt collected during one hour long flights. Measurements were taken at two beaches and inland of one of them. Sampled concentrations compared well with same day aircraft and tower measurements. A surf zone upwind of one of the beaches produced surface concentrations as high as 250 μg m -3 , while the other beach without such a zone had less than 35 μg m -3 . The high concentrations at the surf beach extended above 145 m. Concentrations at 100 m correlated best to wind speed at this level and less so to previous two-day mean upwind surf condition, cloudiness and shower activity. Simultaneous measurements at and inland of the surf beach showed the effects of boundary layer mixing with a much more uniformly decreasing concentration profile as opposed to a steep decrease up to about 40 m at the beach. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1989. tb00136.x
Investigation and Analysis on the Educational Needs of Parents Having School-Aged Children With Cerebral Palsy and Autism

Objective: it is to understand the status and influencing factors of educational needs of parents having school-aged children with cerebral palsy and autism. Method: a questionnaire survey was conducted on the parental education needs of parents of 202 school-aged children with cerebral palsy and autism in Sichuan Province. Results: The total parental education needs of parents having school-aged children with cerebral palsy and autism, the legal and policy needs, the information need of rehabilitation services, children's needs of physical and mental development and parenting skills, the professional guidance and professional cooperation needs, and parents' psychological construction and growth needs are respectively scored (4.01 ± 0.52) points, (4.17 ± 0.54) points, (4.01 ± 0.64) points, (4.00 ± 0.64) points, (3.99 ± 0.64) points, and (3.90 ± 0.76) points; children's living place, other diseases, and annual family income are the factors affecting the score of "the legal and policy needs"; disease diagnosis is the factor affecting the score of "the information need of rehabilitation services" and the score of "parents' psychological construction and growth needs"; disease diagnosis, mother's education level and living place are the factors affecting the score of "children's needs of physical and mental development and parenting skills" and the score of "the total parental education needs of parents having school-aged children with cerebral palsy and autism"; disease diagnosis, having other disease or not and mother's education level are the factors affecting the score of "the professional guidance and professional cooperation needs" (value P<0.05). Conclusion: the educational needs of parents having school-aged children with cerebral palsy and autism range very wide and are very urgent. Relevant personnel should carry out and strengthen targeted parental education services for parents of school-aged children with cerebral palsy and autism based on the factors affecting parental education needs, in order to promote the rehabilitation of the children and reduces the stress of the parents.
Elastic properties of icosahedral i-Cd84Yb16 and hexagonal h-Cd51Yb14

The elastic constants, their temperature and pressure derivatives, and coefficients of thermal expansion of the icosahedral quasicrystal i-Cd84Yb16and of the hexagonal phaseh-Cd51Yb14 have been studied by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, conventional ultrasonic resonance techniques and dilatometry, respectively. The elastic properties of both phases are very similar although they are structurally not related. Contrary to the assumption often found in quasicrystal literature, the similarity of particular physical properties is not necessarily an indication for structural similarity. Further, a first-order phase transition at about 111 K has been observed in h-Cd51Yb14 as indicated by a reversible discontinuity in the thermal expansion.
The use of fractal features for recognition of 3-D discharge patterns

This work presents further results on the use of fractal features for recognition of 3-D partial discharge patterns. Two fractal features, the fractal dimension and lacunarity were calculated from 3-D discharge patterns and their power to discriminate among various discharge patterns was analyzed. The results indicate that fractal features possess fairly reasonable discriminating abilities. >
Error Analysis for Electromagnetic Surface Velocity and Discharge Measurement in Rapid Mountain Stream Flow

Abstract Fixed Electromagnetic Wave Surface Velocimetry (Fixed EWSV) has been started to be used to measure flood discharge in the mountain stream, since it has various advantages such that it works well to continuously measure stream discharge even in the night time as well as very strong weather. On the contrary, the Fixed EWSV only measures single point surface velocity, thus it does not consider varying feature of the transverse velocity profile in the given stream cross-section. In addition, a conventional value of 0.85 was generally used as the ratio for converting the measured surface velocity into the depth-averaged velocity. These aspects could bring in error for accurately measuring the stream discharge. The capacity of the EWSV for capturing rapid flow velocity was also not properly validated. This study aims at conducting error analysis of using the EWSV by: 1) measuring transverse velocity at multiple points along the cross-section to assess an error driven by the single point measurement; 2) figuring out ratio between surface velocity and the depth-averaged velocity based on the concurrent ADCP measurements; 3) validating the capacity of the EWSV for capturing rapid flow velocity. As results, the velocity measured near the center by the fixed EWSV overestimated about 15% of the cross-sectional mean velocity. The converting ratio from the surface velocity to the depth-averaged velocity was 0.8 rather than 0.85 of a conventional ratio. Finally, the EWSV revealed unstable velocity output when the flow velocity was higher than 2 m/s.
Flavonoids and Triterpenoids from the Roots of Rosa laevigata

La investigacion quimica de las raices de R. laevigata condujo al aislamiento de dos nuevos flavonoides, 8-(+)-catequin-acido acetico (1) y eter 4-metilico de guibourtacacidina (2); un flavonoide conocido, guibourtacacidina (3), y siete triterpenos conocidos, acido euscafico (4), kajichi-gosido F1 (5), nigaichigosido F2 (6), rubusido J (7), acido tomentico (8), rosamutina (9) y acido betulinico (10). Las estructuras fueron establecidas de acuerdo a las evidencias espectroscopicas y comparaciones con los datos informados en la literatura. Los compuestos 1, 2 y 3 mostraron actividad atrapadora de radicales en el ensayo del 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidracilo (DFPH)
Extractive Desulfurization of Gasoline Using Imidazolium-Based Phosphoric Ionic Liquids

Sulfur partition coefficients for sulfur compounds 3-methylthiophene (3-MT), benzothiophene (BT), and dibenzothiophene (DBT) between phosphoric ionic liquids (ILs), namely, N-methyl-N-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ([MMIM][DMP]), N-ethyl-N-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ([EMIM][DEP]), and N-butyl-N-methylimidazolium dibutyl phosphate (BMIM][DBP]), and gasoline were determined experimentally at 298.15 K over a wide range of sulfur content and compared with other IL extractants. The solubility of sulfur (as DBT, BT) in ILs aqueous solution at 298.15 K and varying water content was also measured. It was shown that the desulfurization ability of the ILs for each sulfur component (DBT, BT, 3-MT) followed the order of [BMIM][DBP] > [EMIM][DEP] ≫ [MMIM][DMP], and the sulfur removal selectivity for a specified IL followed the order of DBT > BT > 3-MT. The phosphoric ILs are insoluble in gasoline while the fuel solubility in ILs is noticeable and follows the order of [BMIM][DBP] ≫ [EMIM][DEP] > [MMIM][D.
Thermal Stability of Cation-exchange Resins

Experimental work on the thermal stability of cation-exchange resins in air, water, certain aqueous solutions, and also organic media is summarised for the first time. Conclusions are reached about the effect of various factors on the thermal stability and about the nature of the processes responsible for the decrease in exchange capacity. Special attention is paid to the existence of an inherent relation between the thermal stability and the catalytic activity of ion-exchange materials. A list of 235 references is included.
Endophytic bacteria associated with tissue culture and leaves of Plinia peruviana

The objective of this work was to isolate endophytic bacteria from tissue culture and leaves of jaboticaba (Plinia peruviana) and to evaluate their potential as plant growth-promoting bacteria. The bacteria were isolated from nodal segments grown in vitro and from leaves from a tree under natural conditions, totaling 11 and 54 isolates, respectively. The isolates were characterized by colony morphology. The indolic compounds produced by the isolates, in the presence or absence of 100 mg L-1 tryptophan, were quantified. The greatest producers of these compounds were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and were inoculated on jaboticaba seeds, using Azospirillum brasilense (Ab-V6) as a positive control. The sensitivity of bacteria to eight antibiotics was also evaluated. All assessed bacteria produced indolic compounds, especially Bacillus sp. , with a content of 27.41 μg mL-1. The germination rate of the seeds inoculated with Stenotrophomonas sp. was high – 97.34% compared with that of 74.67% of the negative control. Bacillus sp. and Stenotrophomonas sp. also sped up germination. Chloramphenicol limited the growth of 82% of the isolates, followed by amoxicillin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, and tetracycline, which limited 70%; erythromycin was only effective against 35%. The endophytic bacteria isolated from jaboticaba show characteristics of plant growth-promoting bacteria, and Bacillus sp. and Stenotrophomonas sp. , obtained from tissue culture, are capable of enhancing jaboticaba seed germination.
Vertically Downward Two-Phase Flow, (I): Void Distribution and Average Void Fraction

Fully developed vertically downward two-phase flow of air-water mixture was investigated on void distribution and average void fraction among the three basic flow regimes; bubbly, slug and annular flows. The annular flow further was divided into two regimes of falling film flow and annular drop flow. Test channel is in form of inverted U-tube and tests were carried out at 100 tube diameters downstream from the curved part. Distributions of local void fraction were measured by means of a conductance needle probe method and the average void fraction was obtained from numerical integration of the measured local void fraction According to the results, profiles of local void fraction in bubby and slug flows showed characteristic natures with a peak in the middle region between the center and the wall of tube The average void fraction in downward flow depended greatly on the flow regimes. Accordingly correlation for each flow regime was developed to predict the average void fraction, based on flow mechanisms an.
(Acetonitrile‐N)(η5‐cyclopentadienyl)bis(triphenylphosphine‐P)ruthenium(II) Tetrafluoroborate

The title compound, [Ru(C5H5)(CH3CN){(C6H5)3P}2]BF4, crystallizes with C1 local point group symmetry. The Ru—P distances are 2.343 (1) and 2.365 (1) A, and the Ru—N—C angle is 169.8 (5)°.
A field-dependent injection-dissociation model for electrical conduction in nonpolar liquids

The conduction of dielectric liquids has been studied with a model that includes both the generation of charge carriers in the bulk and at the electrodes. Onsager's theory is applied to the dissociation of ionic pairs in the bulk. On the other hand, the injection of ions from the electrodes is described with a field dependent injection law. Recombination is allowed between electrolytic ions and injected ions. The electrical equations have been numerically integrated with a finite difference technique. The contribution of the dissociation and injection to the total current density has been discussed for several values of the relevant parameters. A procedure is also given to determine the experimental injected charge density from the measurement of the current-voltage characteristic. <<ETX>>
The effect of electron interaction on variable-range hopping

Abstract The effect of interaction between electrons on variable-range hopping is investigated. It is shown that interaction between electrons on localized states produces a band gap for single-particle excitations, but not for those of the many-electron system. Variable-range hopping with σ proportional to exp (– B/T1/4) still occurs in the limit of low T, but interaction may lead to deviations at higher T, and decreases the pre-exponential factor.
Avaliação da qualidade de caldo de cana envasado a quente e por sistema asséptico

The objective of this work is to evaluate two thermal processes in order to obtain sugarcane (Sacharum ssp.) juice stable at room temperature in glass bottles. An experimental methodology was applied to obtain the best combination between pH and °Brix based on the sensory results. There was a tendency for a better sensory acceptance for pH > 4.0 and °Brix > 15. Two thermal processes were applied to sterilize the juice. Firstly, the juice was submitted to 141 °C /10 s, and then aseptically filled in glass bottles previously sterilized. In the second process, the juice was submitted to 110 °C /10 s and filled into glass bottles at 90 ± 5 °C. Physical-chemical changes, microbiological counts and sensory acceptance were evaluated during the storage at room temperature. The shelf life of aseptically processed juice was 30 days and 60 days for the hot filled juice based on the sensory evaluation. These results indicated that the hot fill process was more efficient for sugarcane juice preservation in terms of sensory acceptance and physical-chemical changes, probably because of the thermal inactivation of the enzymes.