Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Endophyte Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4 Induces the Systemic Release of Methyl Salicylate and (Z)-jasmone in Tomato Plant Affecting Host Location and Herbivory of Tuta absoluta

The use of endophytic fungi has dramatically increased plant performance through the enhancement of plant protection against abiotic and biotic stressors. We previously demonstrated that the endophytic fungus Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4 improves tomato defenses against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta through the reduction of oviposition, leafmining, pupation, and adult emergence. However, the underlying mechanism by which the presence of this endophytic fungus within tomato host plant affects T. absoluta host selection and life-history traits is unknown. We tested the behavioral responses of T. absoluta in Y-tube olfactometer bioassays and found that females preferred non-inoculated tomato plants against those inoculated by endophytes. Additionally, T. absoluta females were not attracted to non-inoculated infested nor to inoculated-infested tomato plants. Chemical analysis revealed the emission of methyl salicylate in inoculated tomato plant and an increase in the amounts of monoterpenes emitted from non-inoculated infested plants. Additionally, we found that upon herbivory, T. asperellum M2RT4 modulates tomato plant chemistry through the production of (Z)-jasmone thus activating both salicylic and jasmonic acid defense pathways. Further, T. absoluta females were attracted to monoterpernes including α-pinene, 2-carene, and β-phellandrene but repelled by methyl salicylate. Methyl salicylate could therefore be considered as a good semiochemical-based candidate for sustainable T. absoluta management using a “push-pull” approach. However, in dose-response bioassays, females of T. absoluta did not show any preference to the four component-blend (α-pinene, 2-carene, β-phellandrene, and methyl salicylate). (Z)-jasmone-treated tomato leaflets significantly reduced the leafmining activity of the pest at the concentration of 10 ng/μL and causing the highest larval mortality rate (83%) with the shortest LT50 (1.73 days) 7 days post-treatment. T. asperellum M2RT4 effect on herbivore performance was then (Z)-jasmone-mediated. These findings expand our understanding of how the endophytic fungus T. asperellum M2RT4 could mediate chemical interactions between T. absoluta and its host plant which are potentially important for development of environmentally friendly T. absoluta management programs.
A numerical investigation into the behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced soil segmental retaining walls

Geosynthetic-reinforced soil segmental retaining walls are now an economical solution. The design of these structures is carried out according to the Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials or the Federal Highway Administration design guidelines, which are based on the limit equilibrium approach. Many experimental, analytical, and numerical studies have identified several sources of conservatism in these design guidelines. This article focuses on a numerical study undertaken using the finite difference code Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions (FLAC3D), to investigate the influence of facing batter angle, soil/facing interface friction angle, and backslope angle on the behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced soil segmental retaining walls. The numerical results show that the design guidelines lead to overly conservative design where the soil/facing interface is rough and/or the backslope is present.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE TISSUE GRAFTING: THE GUM DROP TECHNIQUE

Aesthetics is a major concern for any person with gingival recession. Along with aesthetics, sensitivity also poses a problem, for which recession coverage is sought. Many root coverage procedures are now in vogue. The goal of these procedures is to provide complete root coverage and an optimal aesthetic appearance. The latest techniques for recession coverage are minimally invasive combining regenerative materials such as platelet concentrates, of which, A-PRF and i-PRF have evoked interest. The use of platelet concentrates removes the necessity of a donor site while increasing the thickness of the soft tissue. These are papilla-preserving techniques that give more aesthetic results. This case report throws light on a minimum invasive technique ‘The Gum Drop Technique’ (GDT), with the use of A-PRF and i-PRF.
A Study of Cytoplasmic Staining in Buccal Smears Using Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Extract as an Alternate to Eosin as Compared to H & E Staining Procedure

--- Eosin is an efficient synthetic dye belonging to xanthenes group. Eosin dyes are efficient but are hazardous to human and animal health. Owing to this, an alternative dye that has a good staining ability, eco-friendly, biodegradable & commercially available turmeric known as Curcuma longa was used. The intense yellow color of turmeric inspired us to explore its efficacy as an alternative for eosin in routine cytological procedure and compare it with routine H&E stain. The present study aims to explore the efficacy of turmeric extract as a cytoplasmic counter stain instead of eosin and a comparative assessment with routine H&E in cytological smear. A total of 30 individuals were initially included in the study, which comprised of 2 cytological smears were taken from each individual and each smear was stained with H&E and Curcuma longa respectively. All the slides were interpreted by 3 observers and findings were recorded separately. The intensity of staining was recorded as follow: 0 – Poor / no stain, 1 – Mild, 2 – Moderate, 3 – Intense. The results were analyzed using Spearsons correlation test.The results revealed that the staining intensity of Curcuma longa is similar to that of eosin. So, Curcuma longa can be suggested as an alternate for eosin in routine cytopathological procedure. Although in H&E staining procedure, Eosin is the most efficient cytoplasmic stain and a counter stain for hematoxylin. Curcuma longa also can be used as an alternative cytoplasmic stain due to its efficacy of staining cytoplasm and its eco-friendly nature. Until recently studies have been published using Curcuma longa in staining tissue sections. The present study is a preliminary attempt using Curcuma longa as a cytologic stain in cytosmears.
Perceptions of Organizational Support and Organizational Justice Its Influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at Pusat Sumber Daya Mineral, Batubara, dan Panas Bumi

Perception of Organizational Support and Organizational Justice is an important element in the company. When employees believe that their organization or company is related to employees and pays attention to the welfare of their employees, employees will respond more by working hard to fulfill their obligations to the organization or company.The methodology used in this study includes descriptive and verification methods. Then do the preparation of the review to the research hypothesis with the results of the questionnaire obtained from 62 respondents who were distributed. And the data is used as a source of data analysis by using the formula, namely slovin. The analysis of this research is processed using the SPSS application program v.22 for desktops. Then there are the results of the analysis using validity, reliability, and determination tests, multiple regression analysis includes 4 analyzes and hypothesis testing using f test and t test. The results of the research data test simultaneously show that, Perception of Organizational Support and Organizational Justice have a significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MARKING NUT SHELL LIQUID ( SEMECARPUS ANACARDIUM )

The physical properties of Marking Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) were studied using standard procedures. The physicochemical properties of crude oil and filter oil of marking nut shell liquid after extraction of liquid were analysed. The physical properties of the MNSL studied were moisture content, Specific gravity and Viscosity, pH, Refractive index. The chemical properties of the MNSL studied were Acid value, Saponication value, free fatty acid, Iodine value. The specific gravity, pH, refractive index and viscosity of the MNSL of crude oil and filter oil were (0.951), (3.227), (1.5006) and (1040 cP) and (0.948), (3.743), (1.5006) and (860 cp) respectively. The acid value, saponification value, iodine value and free fatty acid were (22.037 mgKOH/g), (119.407 mgKOH/g), (56.89 mgiodine/100g) and (11.018 mgKOH/g) (for crude oil) and (14.821 mgKOH/g), (137.682 mgKOH/g), (69.987 mg iodine/100g) and (7.41 mgKOH/g) (for filter oil). This is an indication that the oil is non-drying and may not be used for soap making. The investigation showed that MNSL is non-drying oil and it is useful in industries for paints, varnishes and surface coatings.
Design and Structural Analysis of a Tension Leg Platform for Offshore Wind Power

With the increasing global energy demands, offshore wind power presents itself as an efficient solution to reduce the dependence of fossil fuels, producing electricity without pollutant emissions. While offshore structures for shallow waters are already installed in many countries, the development of structures suitable for deep waters only started recently. This study focused on a structural analysis of the MIT/NREL TLP, a floating platform with a tensioned mooring system. The FAST 8 software was used to calculate all the loads applied to the structure, during normal operational conditions. After being pre-processed, these loads were inserted in ANSYS software, where structural analyses were performed, using the finite element method. The main objective of this study consisted on the evaluation of the structure suggested by the MIT/NREL consortium and, if required, on the improvement of said structure. The initial analyses proved the inaptitude of the original structure for its use under offshore conditions, hence the need to perform an iterative improvement process o the structure. This process was based on the use of structural reinforcements and thickness adjustments, with the limitation of not significantly changing the original structure. Many different hypotheses were considered and analysed, until a structure was obtained, which was able to satisfy all the rules and standards for offshore environment, established by the regulating entities.
The Rise of Abstract Thinking in History. The Developmental Approach Illuminates the Foundations of the Russian Socio-Historical Psychology

Email: Oesterdiekhoff@t-online.de Abstract: Luria's empirical study in Uzbekistan and Kirgistan belongs to the core of the Russian School of Socio-Historical Psychology. The goal of this article is to examine that research again and to disclose its true fundamentals. All the tests Luria had used in Central Asia come from developmental psychology. However, neither Luria nor his followers fully understood the foundations and consequences of that research, something the article makes very clear. The article exposes that the results show that illiterate people from Central Asia have the same negative test results as preschool or primary school children, while the literate people solved the test items as successfully as older school children do. The present paper shows firstly that Luria does not always make it clear that the test procedures originate in developmental psychology. The study secondly works out that Luria does not present the test results won by child psychology and does not compare them with his test results obtained in adults. It is demonstrated thirdly that the positions of Luria, Cole, and Scribner, according to which the test results are not useful for demonstrating similarities between children and adults of pre-modern cultures, are wrong. The article fourthly evidences the parallels between ontogenetic cognitive structures and those of pre-modern adult cognitive structures as something Luria had proven without realizing it. The article fifthly evidences that every single task Luria had used originates in developmental psychology. This study shows for the first time that neither Luria himself nor his subsequent interpreters have understood the scientific significance of his empirical results.
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Received Nov 23, 2021 Revised Feb 1, 2022 Accepted Feb 6, 2022 Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a technology that is considered the focus of scientists' attention for its development and creation to be compatible with many devices that are used today and also consider one of the green technology apps which means any technology can reduce the effect of people on the environment which is today grow continuously. In this paper, a wireless power transfer for a mobile charger had been discussed to get a maximum power and efficiency power transfer. WPT is considered as a reliable technology, efficient, fast, not using wires, and can be used for short and long-range. There are three methods for WPT, electromagnetic induction, magnetic resonance coupling, and radio waves which are classified by the distance that sends the power. Magnetic resonance coupling is the method that has been focused on in this paper because of compatibility with short or medium distances as battery chargers which depend on the magnetic field to transfer power without wires that can protect devices from damages and heating. As result the effect of distance on efficiency has been discussed with reached to nearer distance can improve efficiency however by using magnetic resonance technique, acceptable efficiency can be obtained with appropriate distance.
Cross Sectional Epidemiological Study of Obstruc- tive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) among Inpatient with Se- vere Mental Illness at Long Term Rehab Wards in Ku- wait

Individuals with schizophrenia are 2 times-3 times more likely to die at an early age because of cardiovascular, metabolic, and infectious diseases. Although sleep disturbances are not included in the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, they are consistently reported in those patients. A high prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is reported in patients with schizophrenia. Both genetically determined and medication-induced obesity can lead to OSA,” Schizophrenic patients who have OSA generally have worse outcomes, worse quality of life, higher mortality, and more severe symptoms. Methods: A cross sectional epidemiological study for a total number of 36 patients diagnosed with severe mental illness, 20 females and 16 males, chosen from two rehab wards of the long stay inpatient unite at Kuwait Centre for Mental Health. KCMH diagnosed as (Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective and Bipolar Disorder), with the aim of identifying and screening OSA. Results: By using stop bang scale, 18 patients (50%) had a score of 1, indicate mild risk of apnoea-12 patients (33.3%) had a score of 2 indicate moderate risk of apnea, and 6 patients (16.7%) has score of 3 indicate high risk of apnea. Four patients out of 36 have normal body weight (11.1%), 7 out of 36 have overweight (19.4%), 25 have obesity (69.4%). Regarding waist size more than 38 cm was in 29 patients (80%), indicating increase in developing truncal obesity. Conclusion: Stop bang is a brief, easy-to-use screening tool for OSA in individuals with severe mental illness. There is a high prevalence of OSA symptoms among in patients with schizophrenia in long stay rehab wards. Primary prevention of OSA by targeting obesity may be the most effective strategy to reduce OSA among individuals with severe mental illness.
Higher Incidence of Diabetes in Cancer Patients Compared to Cancer-Free Population Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Simple Summary Diabetes increases the risk of certain types of cancer. However, the literature regarding the incidence of diabetes after cancer diagnosis is inconsistent. We aimed to assess whether there was a higher incidence of diabetes among cancer patients by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of results from cohort studies. To the best of our knowledge, this review conducted the largest and most up-to-date meta-analysis to compare the incidence of diabetes between cancer patients and the cancer-free population. Our results suggest that new-onset diabetes is positively associated with cancer. Abstract Background: Diabetes increases the risk of certain types of cancer. However, the literature regarding the incidence of diabetes after cancer diagnosis is inconsistent. We aimed to assess whether there was a higher incidence of diabetes among cancer patients by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of results from cohort studies. Methods: A systematic electronic literature search was carried out from cohort studies regarding the incidence of diabetes in cancer patients, using the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool the estimates. Results: A total of 34 articles involving 360,971 cancer patients and 1,819,451 cancer-free controls were included in the meta-analysis. An increased pooled relative risk (RR) of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.54, I2 = 95, τ2 = 0.0551, p < 0.01) for diabetes in cancer patients was found compared with the cancer-free population. The highest relative risk was observed in the first year after cancer diagnosis (RR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.63–2.60). Conclusions: New-onset diabetes is positively associated with cancer, but this association varies according to cancer type. More prospective studies with large sample sizes and longer follow-up times are advocated to further examine the association and the underlying mechanisms.
Accuracy and Reproducibility of Laboratory Diffuse Reflectance Measurements with Portable VNIR and MIR Spectrometers for Predictive Soil Organic Carbon Modeling

Soil spectroscopy in the visible-to-near infrared (VNIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) is a cost-effective method to determine the soil organic carbon content (SOC) based on predictive spectral models calibrated to analytical-determined SOC reference data. The degree to which uncertainty in reference data and spectral measurements contributes to the estimated accuracy of VNIR and MIR predictions, however, is rarely addressed and remains unclear, in particular for current handheld MIR spectrometers. We thus evaluated the reproducibility of both the spectral reflectance measurements with portable VNIR and MIR spectrometers and the analytical dry combustion SOC reference method, with the aim to assess how varying spectral inputs and reference values impact the calibration and validation of predictive VNIR and MIR models. Soil reflectance spectra and SOC were measured in triplicate, the latter by different laboratories, for a set of 75 finely ground soil samples covering a wide range of parent materials and SOC contents. Predictive partial least-squares regression (PLSR) models were evaluated in a repeated, nested cross-validation approach with systematically varied spectral inputs and reference data, respectively. We found that SOC predictions from both VNIR and MIR spectra were equally highly reproducible on average and similar to the dry combustion method, but MIR spectra were more robust to calibration sample variation. The contributions of spectral variation (ΔRMSE < 0.4 g·kg−1) and reference SOC uncertainty (ΔRMSE < 0.3 g·kg−1) to spectral modeling errors were small compared to the difference between the VNIR and MIR spectral ranges (ΔRMSE ~1.4 g·kg−1 in favor of MIR). For reference SOC, uncertainty was limited to the case of biased reference data appearing in either the calibration or validation. Given better predictive accuracy, comparable spectral reproducibility and greater robustness against calibration sample selection, the portable MIR spectrometer was considered overall superior to the VNIR instrument for SOC analysis. Our results further indicate that random errors in SOC reference values are effectively compensated for during model calibration, while biased SOC calibration data propagates errors into model predictions. Reference data uncertainty is thus more likely to negatively impact the estimated validation accuracy in soil spectroscopy studies where archived data, e.g., from soil spectral libraries, are used for model building, but it should be negligible otherwise.
High Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio May Be Associated with All-Cause Mortality in the Elderly: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Artificial Intelligence and Conventional Analysis

Low serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and high aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/ALT ratio may be associated with high mortality in the elderly. We aimed to confirm this in an 8-year retrospective cohort study. Clinical data for 5958 people living in a city aged 67–104 years were analyzed for their relationships with all-cause mortality using artificial intelligence (AI) and conventional statistical analysis. In total, 1413 (23.7%) participants died during the study. Auto-AI analysis with five rounds of cross-validation showed that AST/ALT ratio was the third-largest contributor to mortality, following age and sex. Serum albumin concentration and body mass index were the fourth- and fifth-largest contributors. However, when serum ALT and AST were individually considered in the same model, the individual serum ALT and AST activities were the seventh- and tenth-largest contributors. Conventional survival analysis showed that ALT, AST, and AST/ALT ratio as continuous variables were all associated with mortality (adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals): 0.98 (0.97–0.99), 1.02 (1.02–1.03), and 1.46 (1.32–1.62), respectively; all p < 0.0001). In conclusion, both AI and conventional analysis suggest that of the conventional biochemical markers, high AST/ALT ratio is most closely associated with all-cause mortality in the elderly.