Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes of admission and outcomes of white-tailed eagles Haliaeetus albicilla in wildlife rescue centres in the Czech Republic during 2010–2020

Admission records from wildlife rescue centres can help identify causes of morbidity for species of conservation concern, and to assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation. This study documents the causes of admission and outcomes of treatment in 68 white-tailed eagles admitted to rescue centres in the Czech Republic. We determine the factors that contribute to the outcome of rehabilitation. Most admitted birds were juveniles (1st calendar year [CY]; n = 25), followed by immatures (2nd–4th CY; n = 23) and adults (≥5 CY; n = 17). We categorised admission causes into (1) trauma-related cases (most often unknown trauma, followed by collision and intraspecific fights), (2) non-trauma cases (weakness, toxicosis and becoming stuck in mud or entangled in rope) and (3) orphaned young birds. Trauma-related admissions were most numerous totalling 59%, non-trauma admissions accounted for 35% with the remaining 6% comprising orphaned young birds. At least a third of eagle admissions were caused by anthropogenic factors. In total, 40% of admitted eagles were released back to the wild, 35% died or were euthanized and 25% remained permanently in captivity. Eagles admitted due to non-trauma-related causes had a significantly higher probability of being released into the wild than those admitted due to trauma. Immature eagles were less likely to be released than juvenile individuals. Admissions data are valuable for conservation research, allowing for trends in threats towards species of conservation concern to be quantified, over time, throughout human-dominated landscapes.
‘Fall to Rise’ : A Quest to Revive Performance of Sri Lanka’s Boutique Hotels in Post-Easter Attack

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the business performance of boutique hotels in Sri Lanka, in particular, those factors that impact the most post-Easter Sunday attacks. Three major factors were identified based on past literature; these were operators’ experience and strategies, financial structure and marketing strategies. During May to July, 2020, data were collected via a questionnaire to respondents, who are owners of 53 boutique hotels. Snowball sampling was used as the sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS stastical software and multiple regression was used to identify the factors that influence the performance of boutique hotels the most. The study findings conclude that the -operator’s previous experience and strategies- is the factor that influences business performance the most. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted to investigate/examine how boutique hotels have regained their business performance in the aftermath of the Easter Sunday attack. The analysis revealed that boutique hotels have adopted the local market strategy, the social media marketing strategy, discounts and promotional strategies, the employee lay off strategy and the employee training & development strategy to regain business performance post-Easter Sunday attacks. This study is significant for boutique hotel owners to maximize their profits and for the government to implement better tourism-related policies, to revive Sri Lanka’s tourism industry.
Psychological Condition of Women Who Divorced Due to Husbands’ Infidelity

The divorce experience of a woman caused by her husband's infidelity will impact her life. This study aimed to understand the psychological impacts of divorced women due to their husbands’’ infidelity. The research used a phenomenological method of qualitative approach. Research participants were five women who experienced a divorce caused by husbands’ infidelity selected using the purposive sampling technique. The age range of the participants was 26 to 38 years. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results of this study showed that the psychological condition of women who divorced because of infidelity included feelings of inferiority and worthless, fear and worry about the future, feelings of sadness and misery, regret and disappointment because the reality was different from expectations, anger, hate and heartache, hopeless, difficulty trusting men because of feeling betrayed. During the infidelity, the husband and wife relationship experienced conflict, which worsened the situation until they decided to divorce. Even after the divorce, the negative psychological conditions were still felt and caused doubts about the self’s ability to be responsible for growing up children and making them happy.
Comparison of Heat and Drought Stress Responses among Twelve Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) Varieties

The use of orphan crops could mitigate the effects of climate change and improve the quality of food security. We compared the effects of drought, high temperature, and their combination in 12 varieties of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum). Plants were grown at 21/19 °C or 28/26 °C under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Plants were more discriminated according to environmental conditions than variety, with the exception of Islek that was smaller and produced fewer leaves, inflorescences, and seeds than the other varieties. The combination of high temperature and water stress had a stronger negative impact than each stress applied separately. The temperature increase stimulated leaf and flower production while water stress decreased plant height. Leaf area decreased with both temperature and water stress. High temperature hastened the seed initiation but negatively affected seed development such that almost all seeds aborted at 28 °C. At 21 °C, water stress significantly decreased the seed production per plant. At the physiological level, water stress increased the chlorophyll content and temperature increased the transpiration rate under well-watered conditions. High temperature also increased the polyphenol and flavonoid concentrations, mainly in the inflorescences. Altogether, our results showed that water stress and temperature increase in particular negatively affected seed production in F. tataricum.
Longitudinal Changes of Axial Length and Associated Factors in Congenital Ectopia Lentis Patients

Purpose To investigate the longitudinal changes and associated factors of axial length (AL) in congenital ectopia lentis (CEL) patients. Methods In this retrospective study, medical records of CEL patients were reviewed from January 2014 to December 2019 at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic (ZOC) in China. Patients were divided into the surgery group and the nonsurgery group. Data of refractive power, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as ocular biometrics including AL, corneal curvature, white-to-white (WTW), and central corneal thickness (CCT) were collected at baseline and each follow-up visit. Multiple linear regression was performed to assess the potential associated factors for axial length growth in congenital ectopia lentis patients. Results Compared with the nonsurgery group, the change rate of AL among children aged 3 to 6 years old was slower in the surgery group (0.443 ± 0.340 mm/year vs. 0.278 ± 0.227 mm/year, P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference for the change rate of AL was detected between the surgery group and the nonsurgery group (P > 0.05) among patients aged 7 years or older. For the surgery group, the results of the linear regression model showed that a higher change rate of AL was associated with younger age (older age: β = −0.009, 95% CI: −0.014 to −0.003, and P=0.002) and worse baseline BCVA (logMAR) (β = 0.256, 95% CI: 0.072 to 0.439, and P=0.007). As for the nonsurgery group, younger baseline age (older age: β = −0.027, 95% CI: −0.048 to −0.007, and P=0.01) and longer baseline AL (β = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.023 to 0.122, and P=0.006) were associated with a higher change rate of AL. Conclusions The AL change rate was clearly associated with age both in the surgery group and in the nonsurgery group. Intervention strategies such as surgery should be performed earlier for CEL that meets the surgical criteria. Worse baseline BCVA and longer baseline AL are associated factors that would affect the growth rate of AL in the surgery and nonsurgery group, respectively.
Reconstruction of Violent Tornado Environments in Europe: High‐Resolution Dynamical Downscaling of ERA5

Approximately 1–3 violent tornadoes hit Europe each decade. We use the ERA5 reanalysis and WRF model to reconstruct environments for 12 cases between 1957 and 2021. Violent tornadoes in Europe occur in a variety of synoptic and mesoscale patterns, but they share environmental similarities with significant tornadoes from the United States. Downscaling simulations to 3 km grid‐spacing showed the added value of improved resolution in representing local convective environments. In 8 out of 12 simulations, the model indicated updraft helicity (UH) tracks in a favorable convective environment in spatial (+/−50 km) and temporal (+/−3 hr) proximity to the tornado report. Tornadoes were accompanied by a mean 0–6 km wind shear of 24.3 m s−1 and mean convective available potential energy of 1678 J kg−1. The combination of UH tracks with convective environments offers promising results for operational forecasting in Europe, and should be explored in future studies.
Deep Learning-Based Model Significantly Improves Diagnostic Performance for Assessing Renal Histopathology in Lupus Glomerulonephritis

Background: Assessment of glomerular lesions and structures plays an essential role in understanding the pathological diagnosis of glomerulonephritis and prognostic evaluation of many kidney diseases. Renal pathophysiological assessment requires novel high-throughput tools to conduct quantitative, unbiased, and reproducible analyses representing a central readout. Deep learning may be an effective tool for glomerulonephritis pathological analysis. Methods: We developed a murine renal pathological system (MRPS) model to objectify the pathological evaluation via the deep learning method on whole-slide image (WSI) segmentation and feature extraction. A convolutional neural network model was used for accurate segmentation of glomeruli and glomerular cells of periodic acid-Schiff-stained kidney tissue from healthy and lupus nephritis mice. To achieve a quantitative evaluation, we subsequently filtered five independent predictors as image biomarkers from all features and developed a formula for the scoring model. Results: Perimeter, shape factor, minimum internal diameter, minimum caliper diameter, and number of objects were identified as independent predictors and were included in the establishment of the MRPS. The MRPS showed a positive correlation with renal score (r = 0.480, p < 0.001) and obtained great diagnostic performance in discriminating different score bands (Obuchowski index, 0.842 [95% confidence interval: 0.759, 0.925]), with an area under the curve of 0.78–0.98, sensitivity of 58–93%, specificity of 72–100%, and accuracy of 74–94%. Conclusion: Our MRPS for quantitative assessment of renal WSIs from MRL/lpr lupus nephritis mice enables accurate histopathological analyses with high reproducibility, which may serve as a useful tool for glomerulonephritis diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Bias and Reporting Quality of Clinical Prognostic Models for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective This study aims to evaluate the risk of bias (ROB) and reporting quality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) prediction models by assessing characteristics of these models. Methods The development and/or validation of IPF prognostic models were identified via an electronic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (from inception to 12 August, 2021). Two researchers independently assessed the risk of bias (ROB) and reporting quality of IPF prediction models based on the Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) and Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prognostic model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) checklist. Results Twenty prognostic model studies for IPF were included, including 7 (35%) model development and external validation studies, 8 (40%) development studies, and 5 (25%) external validation studies. According to PROBAST, all studies were appraised with high ROB, because of deficient reporting in the domains of participants (45.0%) and analysis (67.3%), and at least 55% studies were susceptible to 4 of 20 sources of bias. For the reporting quality, none of them completely adhered to the TRIPOD checklist, with the lowest mean reporting score for the methods and results domains (46.6% and 44.7%). For specific items, eight sub-items had a reporting rate ≥80% and adhered to the TRIPOD checklist, and nine sub-items had a very poor reporting rate, less than 30%. Conclusion Studies adhering to PROBAST and TRIPOD checklists are recommended in the future. The reproducibility and transparency can be improved when studies completely adhere to PROBAST and TRIPOD checklists.
Causes of Botulinum Toxin Treatment Failure

Purpose The purpose of this article is to review the cause of botulinum toxin (BT) failure and determine the ways to minimize the risks of its occurrence. Methods A PubMed and Google Scholar literature search was conducted with the search terms botulinum toxin, treatment, failure, causes, and prevention. Fifteen relevant articles were found and used as the scientific base for this article. Results The failure of BT therapy is associated with immunogenic and non-immunogenic causes and the formation of neutralizing antibodies toward the active components of BT or the complexing proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing and mouse hemidiaphragm assay (MHA) can diagnose the failure. The risk of developing treatment failure can be minimized by using complexing protein-free formulations, selecting a treatment regimen with the least immunogenicity, proper injection technique, and gentle product handling. Conclusion The treatment failure can compromise the success of BT treatment. Current medical literature shows controversial evidence for and against BT immunogenicity. Therefore, the cause of BT failure is likely to be multifactorial.
Testing superconducting pairing symmetry in multiterminal junctions

An approach to distinguish p-wave from s-wave superconducting pairing symmetry and thus to select potential platforms for Majorana fermions is proposed in terms of electronic transport differences in a four terminal junction consisting of superconducting (S) and normal (N) terminals in the diffusive regime. The Keldysh Green’s function equations are derived in the θ-parametrisation, incorporating terms previously neglected in the literature. A stable procedure to solve these equations is presented. The supercurrent and differential conductance between two superconducting electrodes were calculated in the Keldysh–Usadel approximation. The N-terminals can be used to manipulate the energy distribution functions of electrons in the junction in order to control the overall charge transport. Our results provide a new experimental test to detect potential p-wave superconductivity. In fact, we show that the differential conductance of junctions containing p-wave superconductors is distinctly different from the differential conductance in junctions with s-wave superconductors, whereas the supercurrent through the junction is qualitatively similar. This is of importance for the search for Majorana fermions since it may help to design experiments to detect signatures of p-wave symmetry, which may lead to potential platforms for Majorana fermions.
Microfluidics-assisted electrospinning of aligned nanofibers for modeling intestine barriers

During electrospinning, the fibers deposited on the collector are usually randomly oriented in a disordered form. Researchers hope to generate periodic structures to expand the application of electrospinning, including improving the sensing properties of electronic and photonic devices, improving the mechanical properties of solid polymer composites and directional growth of human tissues. Here, we propose a technique to control the preparation of aligned foodborne nanofibers by placing dielectric polymers on microfluidic devices, which does not require the use of metal collectors. This study was conducted by introduced PEDOT:PSS polymer as a ground collector to prepare aligned foodborne nanofibers directly on the microfluidic platform. The fluidity of the electrolytic polymer collector makes it possible to shape the grounding collector according to the shape of the microcavity, thus forming a space adjustable nanofiber membrane with a controllable body. The simplicity of dismantling the collector also enables it extremely simple to obtain a complete electrospun fiber membrane without any additional steps. In addition, nanofibers can be easily stacked into a multi-layer structure with controllable hierarchical structures. The Caco-2 cells that grow on the device formed a compact intestinal epithelial layer that continuously expresses the tightly bound protein ZO-1. This intestinal barrier, which selectively filters small molecules, has a higher level of TEER, reproducing intestinal filtration functions similar to those of in vivo models. This method provides new opportunities for the design and manufacture of various tissue scaffolds, photonic and electronic sensors.
Statement on safety of cannabidiol as a novel food: data gaps and uncertainties

Abstract The European Commission has determined that cannabidiol (CBD) can be considered as a novel food (NF), and currently, 19 applications are under assessment at EFSA. While assessing these, it has become clear that there are knowledge gaps that need to be addressed before a conclusion on the safety of CBD can be reached. Consequently, EFSA has issued this statement, summarising the state of knowledge on the safety of CBD consumption and highlighting areas where more data are needed. Literature searches for both animal and human studies have been conducted to identify safety concerns. Many human studies have been carried out with Epidyolex®, a CBD drug authorised to treat refractory epilepsies. In the context of medical conditions, adverse effects are tolerated if the benefit outweighs the adverse effect. This is, however, not acceptable when considering CBD as a NF. Furthermore, most of the human data referred to in the CBD applications investigated the efficacy of Epidyolex (or CBD) at therapeutic doses. No NOAEL could be identified from these studies. Given the complexity and importance of CBD receptors and pathways, interactions need to be taken into account when considering CBD as a NF. The effects on drug metabolism need to be clarified. Toxicokinetics in different matrices, the half‐life and accumulation need to be examined. The effect of CBD on liver, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, nervous system and on psychological function needs to be clarified. Studies in animals show significant reproductive toxicity, and the extent to which this occurs in humans generally and in women of child‐bearing age specifically needs to be assessed. Considering the significant uncertainties and data gaps, the Panel concludes that the safety of CBD as a NF cannot currently be established.
Gender Differences in Tournament Choices: Risk Preferences, Overconfidence or Competitiveness?

A long line of laboratory experiments has found that women are less likely to sort into competitive environments. Although part of this effect may be explained by gender differences in risk attitudes and self-confidence, previous studies have attributed the majority of the gender gap to gender differences in a competitiveness trait. I re-examine this result using a novel experiment that allows me to separate competitiveness from alternative explanations using causal treatments. In contradiction to the main conclusion drawn in a long literature, my results imply that the entire gender gap is driven by gender differences in risk attitudes and self-confidence, which has implications for policy and research.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Bank Risk: Evidence from Banking Sectors of Bangladesh

The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of intellectual capital efficiency (ICE) also known as knowledge capital along with its components human capital efficiency (HCE) and structural capital efficiency (SCE) on bank risk-taking behavior in Bangladesh. To reveal this effect, the study uses generalized method of moment (GMM) estimator and Two Stages Least Square estimator (to check the Robustness) and unbalanced panel data of 32 commercial banks of Bangladesh consisting of 530 bank-year observations during the year 2003-2020. The main results of the study are: (a) ICE is significantly and positively connected with a bank’s credit risk which indicates credit risk grows up with the increase of Intellectual capital efficiency, and (b) Both the human capital efficiency and structural capital efficiency positively impacts credit risk but the impact of SCE is not significant as HCE, (c) Bank performance (ROA), RWATA, macro variable inflation, and size have a negative impact on bank risk whereas ID and GGDP insignificant positively impact on bank’s risk. Finally, the results of the study will assist the stakeholders, policymakers, and academicians for future research.
Influence of Variously Modified Surface of Aluminium Alloy on the Effect of Pulsating Water Jet

Erosion effects of a pulsating water jet impinging the surface of aluminium alloy samples pre-treated by various techniques (rough and fine milling, planing and rolling) were studied. The influence of the initial surface topography on the final topography of the sample exposed to the pulsating water jet was investigated. Based on roughness parameter Ra erosion of surface layers was analysed and discussed in relation to the traversing speed of the jet. It was found that initial surface pre-treatment have a significant impact on the final topography of the surface affected subsequently by pulsating water jet. Surfaces, whose properties are significantly affected by the action of some machining processes (i.e. milling) show much greater resistance to pulsating water jet than unpaved surfaces (i.e. rolling) and surfaces have smaller roughness. While milled (rough or fine) or planed surface roughness has approximately the same increase of Ra parameter, only rolled surfaces are up to 150 times rougher after pulsating water jet treatment. This is due to the small hardening of the surface layers and reduced durability against pulsating water jet in comparison with others investigated techniques. The highest roughness was achieved on all pre-treated surfaces at the lowest speeds, because the pulsating water jet affects the surface for a longer time.
Physician Practice Style for Mental Health Conditions: The Case of ADHD

There is a robust literature documenting the importance of physician practice style (e.g., the propensity to perform certain operations) in explaining outcomes related to patients’ physical health. Yet little is known about the role of physicians in explaining patients’ mental health outcomes. This paper uses novel data on doctor note text together with natural language processing techniques to estimate and document heterogeneity in physician practice style for diagnosing Attention Deﬁcit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). I ﬁnd signiﬁcant variation in both diagnostic intensity (the mean propensity to diagnose) and diagnostic compliance (the weight that physicians place on medical guidelines). Physician characteristics can explain some of this heterogeneity. Speciﬁcally, both female physicians and recent graduates have higher diagnostic compliance and lower diagnostic intensity than their respective counterparts. Mental health diagnostic errors lead to excess medical and societal spending. Given the costs of such errors, the ﬁndings in this paper encourage a re-evaluation of the mental health identiﬁcation process, though perhaps targeted at speciﬁc sub-groups of physicians.