Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Species diversity of eukalyptorhynch flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela) from the coastal margin of British Columbia: Polycystididae, Koinocystididae and Gnathorhynchidae

ABSTRACT Kalyptorhynchs are abundant members of meiofaunal communities worldwide, but knowledge on their overall species diversity and distribution is poor. Here we report twenty species of eukalyptorhynchs associated with algae and sediments from the coastal margin of British Columbia. Two species, Paulodora artoisi sp. nov. and Limipolycystis castelinae sp. nov., are new to science and described based on their unique stylet morphology. New observations on two morphotypes of Phonorhynchus helgolandicus and two morphotypes of Scanorhynchus forcipatus suggest that the different morphotypes represent different species; accordingly, Phonorhynchus contortus sp. nov., Phonorhynchus velatus sp. nov. and Scanorhynchus herranzae sp. nov. are described here as separate species. Furthermore, we report on the occurrence and morphology of Polycystis hamata, Polycystis naegelii, Austrorhynchus pacificus, Austrorhynchus californicus, Paraustrorhynchus pacificus, Alcha evelinae, Duplacrorhynchus minor, Yaquinaia microrhynchus, Gyratrix hermaphroditus s. l. , Scanorhynchus forcipatus, Rhinolasius dillonicus, Itaipusa biglandula, Utelga heinckei, Neognathorhynchus suecicus and Zonorhynchus seminascatus.
Interaction of Warfarin with Herbs Based on Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Parameters

Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant that has been widely used and has strong efficacy, but the use of warfarin is still a concern because of its narrow therapeutic index which cause interactions when co-administration with drugs, herbs or food. This interaction can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin and the most fatal effect from warfarin interactions is bleeding. In this review article data on warfarin-herbs interactions were collected based on pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC0-∞, Cmax, T1/2, Cl/F, and V/F), while pharmacodynamic parameters (International normalized ratio (INR), platelet aggregation, AUC INR and Protombine Time). As a result some herbs had significant interactions with warfarin. Herbs that affect warfarin pharmacokinetic were Danshen gegen, echinacea, St. John's wort and caffeine and herbs that affect pharmacodynamic were policosanol, Ginkgo biloba, cranberry, St. John's wort, ginseng, pomegranate, Psidium guajava and curcumin, so co-administration warfarin with herbs need to be considered.Keywords: Warfarin, Interactions, Herbs, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics
SSR identification and marker development for sago palm based on NGS genome data

Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is one of the most productive carbohydrate-producing crops. Unfortunately, only limited information regarding sago palm genetics is available. This study aimed to develop simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers using sago palm NGS genomic data and use these markers to evaluate the genetic diversity of sago palm from Indonesia. De novo assembly of partial sago palm genomic data and subsequent SSR mining identified 29,953 contigs containing 31,659 perfect SSR loci and 31,578 contigs with 33,576 imperfect SSR loci. The perfect SSR loci density was 132.57/Mb, and AG, AAG and AAAT were the most frequent SSR motifs. Five hundred perfect SSR loci were randomly selected and used for designing SSR primers; 93 SSR primer pairs were identified. After synteny analysis using rice genome sequences, 20 primer pairs were validated using 11 sago palm accessions, and seven primers generated polymorphic alleles. Genetic diversity analysis of 41 sago palm accessions from across Indonesia using polymorphic SSR loci indicated the presence of three clusters. These results demonstrated the success of SSR identification and marker development for sago palm based on NGS genome data, which can be further used for assisting sago palm breeding in the future.
A model for enhancing innovative work behavior

Innovation has changed the business paradigm globally in recent years. A model for enhancing innovative work behavior needs to be developed. This study aims to examine and determine the relationship between organizational learning and perceived organizational support for innovative work behavior through work engagement mediation. The study was conducted on 210 employees of CV. Laksana using the incidental sampling technique. This study used a questionnaire as a data collection technique. Researchers used SmartPLS 3.0 as an analysis tool. Researchers tested the relationship with various tests, namely the validity test, reliability test, hypothetical and simultaneous hypothesis testing. From the research result, it can be concluded that organizational learning has a significant effect on innovative work behavior. While the perception of organizational support has no significant effect on innovative work behavior. Furthermore, work engagement mediates the relationship between organizational learning and perceived organizational support for innovative work behavior. It is suggested for further research that researchers may use other variables to improve employees’ innovative work behavior. It is also suggested for companies to be more concerned about the welfare of employees by fulfilling their rights and giving responsibilities following the work performed.
CHARACTERIZATION OF HONEYS FROM ALGERIA ACCORDING TO CLIMATIC ORIGIN BASED ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES.

Description of the subject: Honey is studied in different countries and regions because of the interest of consumers in its benefits for health, natural origin, and quality; this quality is linked with floral and geographic origin which is associate with climatic conditions. We focused on this aspect to assess quality of Algerian honey. Objective: The aim of the present study was to characterize the honey collected in the different regions all along the North of Algeria with humid, subhumid, arid and semi-arid climate, in order to determine the existing correlations between abiotic factors including hydroxymethylfrufural (HMF) linked to the quality of honey and climate effect. Methods: Six standard physico-chemical parameters were determined according to the international legislation (Electrical conductivity, moisture, Brix degree, pH, free acidity and HMF). Results: The results obtained were in agreement with international regulations for 89% of samples. Then, results were analyzed by principal component analysis applying forward selection. The analysis allowed us to show climatic origin impact on quality of honey samples analysed. Conclusion: Algerian beekeepers and authorities will have to work for the labeling of honeys, starting possibly by that of the arid regions of Ain oussara and Djelfa, according to a geographical controlled appellation of origin, the climate of these regions allows having a honey with low moisture content and therefore more stable and keeps its organoleptic properties longer.
Use of medicinal plants in traditional health care practices: A case study in Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda District, Punjab (India)

A comprehensive study was conducted to document the available medicinal plants and their traditional applications among the local people from July 2018 to June 2019 in Talwandi Sabo town of Bathinda District of Punjab. Purposive sampling method was used to select traditional medicinal practitioners of the study area. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and personal interviews were conducted to gather firsthand information about ethno-medicinal plants. Analysis of data revealed the use of 88 medicinal plant species belonging to 77 genera and 42 families for the treatment of about 60 ailments. The highest number of plants were used for gastrointestinal problems, skin problems followed by respiratory diseases, skeletomuscular diseases and dental problems. Traditional healers are still playing a great role in the primary health care system of Talwandi Sabo. Some practitioners were ensuring the 100% results of their formulations against many serious diseases. Further, the scientific validation of these formulations should be done for getting new alternative medicines against these diseases.
Periphyton structure and function in constructed headwater streams of the Appalachian coalfield

Streams are often constructed on reclaimed coal mines to offset stream losses caused by mining disturbance in the Appalachian coalfield of the Eastern USA. Periphyton is an important component of the organic matter resources in these lotic ecosystems. We compared both short-term (∼2 mo) and long-term (9–11 mo) dynamics of periphyton in 8 recently (most <10 y old) constructed, low-order streams in mined areas with that in 4 forested reference streams. We used artificial substrates to quantify periphyton biomass as ash-free dry mass (AFDM), viable algal standing crop as chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration, organic matter from senescent autotrophic cells as phaeopigment (phaeo) concentration, and periphyton structure as the autotrophic index (AI) and Chl a:phaeo ratio. We compared short-term periphyton accrual rates of AFDM (rAFDM) and Chl a (rChla) between the stream types. In constructed streams, we also evaluated relationships between environmental factors and both rChla and peak algal standing crop. Over the long term, mean AFDM and Chl a in constructed streams were ∼4 and 2× higher, respectively, than in reference streams. The constructed streams also had greater mean AI values relative to reference streams, indicating lower relative abundances of viable algae in the periphyton. Short-term periphyton structural differences were similar to long-term differences, with AFDM and mean Chl a in constructed streams exceeding those of reference streams. Accrual rates were higher in constructed streams during summer and fall seasons, suggesting that higher relative light availability during leaf-on seasons in constructed streams is a primary cause of differences in periphyton production. During fall, warmer temperatures in the constructed streams also appear to have increased algal accrual. The shading of benthic habitats by planting native trees in riparian areas of constructed streams may promote autochthonous organic matter dynamics similar to that of reference streams.
A partial articulated hadrosaurid skeleton from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Ganzhou area, Jiangxi Province, China

ABSTRACT We describe the first partial articulated skeleton from the Ganzhou area, Jianxi Province, China. This basin has not been forthcoming in yielding hadrosaurid remains. The new specimen consists of an articulated rib cage belonging to a relatively large (no less than 9 m in length) hadrosaurid. It was collected from Maastrichtian strata of the Hekou Formation. This is the first partial skeleton of a large hadrosaurid dinosaur recovered from South southern China and confirms the presence of relatively large members of the clade previously suggested by ichnological evidence.
Effects of reduced spacing on maize productivity, CO2 assimilation and gas exchange

The objective of this study is to evaluate the interference of reduced spacing in the physiological and characteristics production components of maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). Four line spacings (95, 80, 60 and 40 cm) were tested using three commercial hybrids (H1, H2 and H3) in Senador Guiomard, Acre, Brazil. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks was used in subdivided plots. The experiment lasted four months, where the parameters measured were CO2 assimilation and gas exchange, water use and carboxylation efficiencies and productivity. Reduction in spacing did not influence the photosynthesis, with slightly differences at stomatal conductance and transpiration. However, it was observed that the H3 presented higher efficiency of water use and carboxylation at the larger spacings. Moreover, there was an increase in the number of ears and grain yield per hectare in reduced spacing, with H3 plants presenting a superior mass of 100 grains among the cultivars. It is concluded that H3 (P4285YHR) presents essential physiological characteristics favouring yields at reduced spacings compared to crops requiring larger spacing. In addition, reduced spacing lines for the maize crop do not reduce atmospheric CO2 assimilation, resulting in larger productivity per cultivated area among the three tested hybrids. Key words: Production, photosynthesis, Zea mays.
O que Dados Transcriptômicos Revelam sobre a Biodiversidade e Evolução de Loricarioidei (Siluriformes)

Biodiversity is a multidimensional entity, which refers to different elements and levels of variability of life on Earth. Nucleic acids high-throughput sequencing technologies, coupled with computational biology, have enabled a broader and deeper characterization of biodiversity and its complex interactions among ecosystem integrity, human well-being and the health of other living beings. Of all the vertebrate diversity, approximately 50% of the species are fish, 50% of which are freshwater species. The Neotropical region has the greatest richness of fish species in the world and a high degree of endemism. Among the endemic families, the Loricariidae family stands out as the fifth most diverse family among vertebrates, with more than 900 valid species. Genomic methods allowed several fish species to emerge from genomic ignorance, turning them into a new army of species models making possible a comprehensive analysis of the genetic basis of evolution. This thesis has as its main purpose to use computational biology for the integration of discovery science and hypothesis guided science in the investigation of the biodiversity of the suborder Loricarioidei (Siluriformes), with emphasis on the Loricariidae family Using high-throughput sequencing, we generated and analyzed 40 transcriptomes of 34 species, including 31 loricariids species. The mining of these transcriptomes made possible new uses for RNA-Seq sequences, such as the assembly of mitochondrial genomes, described and discussed in Chapter One of this thesis. This approach also enabled the measurement of mitochondrial transcripts expression levels, the punctuation pattern of post-transcriptional editing and detection of heteroplasmies. The developed methodology allowed assembling the mitochondrial genomes described in Chapters Two and Three. Combining this methodology to an evolutionary perspective made it possible to test phylogenetic hypotheses and to investigate the structural evolution of these genomes, as described in Chapter Four. In Chapter Five, we extended the research object of mitochondrial transcripts to the whole transcriptome of the species Pterygoplichthys anisitsi, where a great diversity of transcripts was found that encode enzymes involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics, which may contribute to the resistance of this species to organic xenobiotics. This thesis is the first work to make use of high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing for the study of Loricarioidei species, increasing the knowledge about the genetic, taxonomic, phylogenetic, structural, functional and phenotypic diversity of Neotropical fish fauna.
Evidence-based mapping of the wildland-urban interface to better identify human communities threatened by wildfires

The wildland-urban interface (WUI) is the spatial manifestation of human communities coupled with vegetated ecosystems. Spatial delineation of the WUI is important for wildfire policy and management, but is typically defined according to spatial relationships between housing development and wildland vegetation without explicit consideration of fire risk. A fire risk-based definition of WUI can enable a better distribution of management investment so as to maximize social return. We present a novel methodological approach to delineate the WUI based on a fire risk assessment. The approach establishes a geographical framework to model fire risk via machine learning and generate multi-scale, variable-specific spatial thresholds for translating fire probabilities into mapped output. To determine whether fire-based WUI mapping better captures the spatial congruence of houses and wildfires than conventional methods, we compared national and subnational fire-based WUI maps for Chile to WUI maps generated only with housing and vegetation thresholds. The two mapping approaches exhibited broadly similar spatial patterns, the WUI definitions covering almost the same area and containing similar proportions of the housing units in the area under study (17.1% vs. 17.9%), but the fire-based WUI accounted for 13.8% more spatial congruence of fires and people (47.1% vs. 33.2% of ignitions). Substantial regional variability was found in fire risk drivers and the corresponding spatial mapping thresholds, suggesting there are benefits to developing different WUI maps for different scales of application. We conclude that a dynamic, multi-scale, fire-based WUI mapping approach should provide more targeted and effective support for decision making than conventional approaches.
The Human Default Consciousness and Its Disruption: Insights From an EEG Study of Buddhist Jhāna Meditation

While the brain’s “default mode network” (DMN) and the “neural correlates of consciousness” are familiar topics in neuroscience research, this paper focuses instead on the underlying human default consciousness, of which we consider the DMN to be the outer expression. Task-based studies of the DMN by their nature recruit one part of the cortical network to study another, and are therefore both limited and compromised as to what information they can reveal about consciousness itself. The only situations to give a glimpse of consciousness as a whole, or its absence, are severely disrupted states such as anaesthesia, coma, deep non-rapid eye movement (nREM) sleep, or some extreme pathological states, all of which are essentially involuntary, and generally regarded as “unconscious”. An exception to involuntary disruption can be found in Buddhist jhāna meditation, whose implicit aim is to intentionally withdraw attention from the everyday default consciousness to an inward-directed state of stillness, referred to as jhāna consciousness, as a basis from which to develop insight. In this context the human default consciousness is regarded as a sensory consciousness, where information about, and our experience of, the outer world is evaluated against personal and organic needs and forms the basis of our ongoing self-experience. This paper is a preliminary report on the first detailed EEG study of this form of meditation, with findings radically different to EEG studies of more familiar and less focused forms of meditation. A high proportion of subjects display “spindle” activity in their EEG, superficially similar to spindles seen in the approach to nREM sleep, while more-experienced subjects display high voltage slow-wave EEG activity reminiscent, but significantly different, to the slow waves of deep nREM sleep, or even high-voltage delta coma. Some others show brief posterior spike-wave bursts, again similar, but with significant differences, to absence epilepsy. Some subjects also develop the ability to consciously evoke clonic seizure-like activity at will, under full control. We suggest that the intensity and remarkable nature of these observations reflects a profound disruption of the human DCs when the personal element is progressively withdrawn.
Use of partial information to learn to read Chinese characters in non-native Chinese learners

The ability to decode new words of varying degrees of orthographic-phonological mapping is an important word recognition skill across languages. Chinese characters represent three types of phonetic regularity: regular, semi-regular, and irregular depending on the degree of reliability of the pronunciation information provided by the phonetic component. This study investigated whether adult non-native Chinese learners can use partial phonological information encoded in semi-regular characters to learn the pronunciations of new characters. A total of 55 college students, enrolled in an intensive Chinese program with varying proficiency levels, were taught the pronunciations of 18 novel compound characters of three phonetic regularity types over three trials. Non-native Chinese learners of advanced and intermediate levels learned the pronunciations of regular characters (initial-same and final-same), which contain full information about pronunciation, and semi-regular characters (initial-different, final-same), which contain partial information about pronunciation, significantly better than irregular characters (initial-different and final-different), which contain misleading pronunciation information. The performance difference between semi-regular and irregular characters decreased over trials. Novice students demonstrated limited ability in using partial information to learn to pronounce characters compared to intermediate and advanced students. These results provide implications for effective character instruction for adult learners of Chinese with varying Chinese proficiency levels.
Student opinions regarding strengths and weaknesses of face to face and online teaching

DOI: 10.31704/ijocis.2020. 009 This qualitative case study was carried out to identify the strengths and weaknesses of face to face and online teaching. The study group of the research study consisted of a total of 47 students attending a public university, 36 of whom are female and 11 of whom are male students. In the study, semi-structured interview form was used as the data collection tool. The data obtained within the scope of the research were analyzed by means of content analysis. When the findings were evaluated in general, it was seen that students mostly prefer face to face teaching. Besides it was also seen that both online and face to face teaching have strengths and weaknesses relative to each other. However, it has emerged that face to face teaching has more strengths than online learning. Although this view comes into prominence, online applications which are one of the important tools of accessing information in today's conditions, should also be used in the learning and teaching process. Especially in situations where face to face teaching is not available, online applications can be used as an important tool in order to establish the communication link between the learner and teacher and also to maintain learning. Article History: Received Revised Accepted Online 08 April2020. 22 April 2020 03 June 2020 19 June 2020
Profit Efficiency as a Measure of Performance and Frontier Models: A Resource-Based View

Although the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm is one of the most accepted theories of strategic management, it has been criticized for its limited empirical support. The RBV basically predicts the relationship between the firm’s resources and its performance. This study argues that it is more appropriate to measure firm performance using profit efficiency than traditional financial or accounting measures and that frontier models have great potential in empirical research on the RBV. To test this idea empirically, we used a stochastic frontier model with random coefficients to evaluate the impact of corporate reputation on profit efficiency. Finally, implications of the aforementioned focal points are discussed. JEL classification: C11, L25, M10, M20