Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EBS Radionuclide Transport Abstraction

The purpose of this report is to develop and analyze the engineered barrier system (EBS) radionuclide transport abstraction model, consistent with Level I and Level II model validation, as identified in ''Technical Work Plan for: Near-Field Environment and Transport: Engineered Barrier System: Radionuclide Transport Abstraction Model Report Integration'' (BSC 2005 [DIRS 173617]). The EBS radionuclide transport abstraction (or EBS RT Abstraction) is the conceptual model used in the total system performance assessment for the license application (TSPA-LA) to determine the rate of radionuclide releases from the EBS to the unsaturated zone (UZ). The EBS RT Abstraction conceptual model consists of two main components: a flow model and a transport model. Both models are developed mathematically from first principles in order to show explicitly what assumptions, simplifications, and approximations are incorporated into the models used in the TSPA-LA. The flow model defines the pathways for water flow in the EBS and specifies how the flow rate is computed in each pathway. Input to this model includes the seepage flux into a drift. The seepage flux is potentially split by the drip shield, with some (or all) of the flux being diverted by the drip shield and some passing through breaches in more » the drip shield that might result from corrosion or seismic damage. The flux through drip shield breaches is potentially split by the waste package, with some (or all) of the flux being diverted by the waste package and some passing through waste package breaches that might result from corrosion or seismic damage. Neither the drip shield nor the waste package survives an igneous intrusion, so the flux splitting submodel is not used in the igneous scenario class. The flow model is validated in an independent model validation technical review. The drip shield and waste package flux splitting algorithms are developed and validated using experimental data. The transport model considers advective transport and diffusive transport from a breached waste package. Advective transport occurs when radionuclides that are dissolved or sorbed onto colloids (or both) are carried from the waste package by the portion of the seepage flux that passes through waste package breaches. Diffusive transport occurs as a result of a gradient in radionuclide concentration and may take place while advective transport is also occurring, as well as when no advective transport is occurring. Diffusive transport is addressed in detail because it is the sole means of transport when there is no flow through a waste package, which may dominate during the regulatory compliance period in the nominal and seismic scenarios. The advective transport rate, when it occurs, is generally greater than the diffusive transport rate. Colloid-facilitated advective and diffusive transport is also modeled and is presented in detail in Appendix B of this report. « less
Effects of the Support Surface Condition on Muscle Activity of Abdominalis and Erector Spinae During Bridging Exercises

The aim of this study was to determine the muscle activity of the abdominalis and erector spinae during bridging and unilateral bridging exercises on the firm surface, the sit-fit, and the foam roll. Eighteen healthy young subjects were recruited for this study. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activities were recorded from the both sides of the rectus abdominalis, external obliques, internal obliques, and erector spinae muscles during bridging and unilateral bridging exercises, A one-way repeated analysis of variance was used to compare the EMG activity of each muscle according to the support surface condition. Differences in the EMG activities between the bridging and unilateral bridging exercises, and between the right and left side were assessed using a paired t-test. The study showed that the EMG activities of all of the muscles were significantly higher when the bridging exercise was performed using the foam roll or sit-fit than on the firm surface. The EMG activities of the right rectus abdominis, right external obliques, the right internal oblique, and both erector spinae were significantly higher during unilateral bridging exercise using the foam roll or the sit-fit than on the firm surface. The EMG activities of all of the muscles were significantly higher during the unilateral bridging exercise than during the bridging exercise. Based on these finding, performing the unilateral bridging exercise using the sit-fit or the foam roll is a useful method for facilitating trunk muscle strength and lumbar stability.
Less is More - When IT Comes to Knowledge Management

In this work we take the point of departure from two thoroughly conducted case studies, in which we have analysed certain knowledge work activities with following implications for design. Both studies clearly stated the call for a ICT-support when searching information and sharing knowledge. For example, sharing bookmarks among knowledge workers seemed to be a necessary and useful activity. Important and valuable bookmarks often mirror what kind of information and knowledge people are looking for, and also what kind of forum they usually go to on the world wide web. In this work we have developed a prototype, KnowMan, which manages bookmarks on the world wide web. The prototype is designed as a user-friendly "pad-interface" in which bookmarks can be collaboratively collected, shared and further explored and annotated by other knowledge workers. We end up with a general discussion about the possible effects of using KnowMan and what further design aspects that should be considered.
Combating Digital Academic Dishonesty: A Scoping Review of Approaches

E-learning platforms are continuously evolving as a necessary support tool both for e-learning and blended learning in institutions of higher learning. Leveraging on the advancement of the Internet in the last decade, the proliferation of technologically enhanced teaching and learning tools present enormous benefits. Nevertheless, this massive digitization of education is also associated with the challenge of digital misconduct, which has become widespread amongst students, and now threatens academic integrity for blended and unsupervised e-assessments. Consequently, research on mitigating both traditional and digital academic dishonesty is gaining increasing attention in the last two decades. This increase in the volume of research as well as the huge threat that academic dishonesty poses to academic integrity makes it imperative to have a comprehensive and precise understanding of the current mitigating approaches and their corresponding results to guide future research. In an attempt to fill this gap, we conducted a scoping review to 1) determine the amount, focus, and nature of research on students’ digital academic dishonesty; 2) summarize results of current approaches to mitigate academic dishonesty; and 3) articulate a future research direction. Therefore, in this paper, we contribute to the existing body of knowledge by presenting a scoped summary of scholarly studies on academic dishonesty. The results show that the plague of academic dishonesty is both persisted and growing and that a virtue approach is a potent approach in mitigating this threat to academic integrity. As a future research direction, we leveraged on these findings, to propose the ethno-ethics paradigm, which advocates the integration of cultural beliefs into the process of building and enduring culture of academic integrity. Most importantly, our findings are crucial for guiding education policy direction and in shaping the service rendering options of e-learning service providers.
On Effect of TCSC Structure and Synchronization Response on Subsynchronous Damping

This paper illustrates the effect of thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) structure and synchronization response on subsynchronous damping. In spite of various studies concerning subsynchronous behaviour of TCSC, effect of these factors on subsynchronous damping are rarely discussed. Studies have been executed using PSCAD transient simulation program with general power system and TCSC simulation models. Studied system consisted of first IEEE benchmark model for subsynchronous resonance studies and TCSC model controlled with open-loop control mode. Open-loop control mode was used in order to isolate the effect of TCSC structure and synchronization from the effect of closed loop controls of TCSC on subsynchronous damping. It's evident that this approach has only minor significance regarding the effect of real TCSC installations on subsynchronous damping. Nevertheless, together with the results of similar analysis performed using different closed-loop control and firing pulse generation approaches, the results presented here will provide more insight on the effect of TCSC on subsynchronous damping and its subsynchronous response.
Using feedback and ePortfolios to support professionalcompetence in healthcare learners

This article presents a learner-centric approach to feedback for healthcare students based upon current research literature and the authors’ own research into student experiences of feedback using ePortfolios. Feedback is essential for all learners but for healthcare learners failure to engage with feedback may impact on patient care with potentially life-threatening consequences. Therefore, the aim of this practical approach is to support learners in the development of their professional competency and identity through deeper and broader engagement with feedback facilitated through learner-generated internal reflective and external dialogues. Such an approach requires learners to broaden their conceptual understandings of feedback, embracing its different forms and types regardless of when it is provided and by whom. Learners are also required to become active agents in the feedback process seeking out feedback opportunities in all their learning environments within and outwith academia. Fundamental to the approach is the ePortfolio providing a highly flexible, integrative environment for learners to create, record, collect and collate feedback over a period of study which can be used for reflective dialogue, appraisal of current progress and to plan for future learning activities. Practical tutor guidance is provided and the suitability of this approach for other disciplines is also discussed.
Compaction of Soil by Repeated Loading

Abstract Compaction of Soil by Repeated Loading Rouzbeh Roudgari Construction of roads is usually made by stripping the top soil (600 to 1000 mm), which often contains organic materials, and replacing it with a layer of subgrade material (crushed stones, well-graded sand). One of the main design requirements is that the subgrade material must be compacted up to a minimum of 95% of the Proctor maximum dry density, as determined from laboratory test results (AASHTO T99). This requirement is usually specified as a norm in any contract document involving field compaction. Soils can be compacted by repeated, systematic application of high energy using hammer. The imparted energy is transmitted from the ground surface to the deeper soil layer by propagating shear and compression waves types, which force the soil particles into a denser state (R. Massarsch, 1999) Research in this field has been directed to establish relationships between the water content, the dry density and the compacting effort, the type of soils which allow a higher level of compaction, and to develop field equipment and techniques which would be more effective in performing field compaction. Nevertheless, there are reports to confirm that achieving 95 % of the Proctor maximum dry density in the field compaction is impossible in some cases. The role of the surrounding soils, in particular the underlying layer, in determining the level of compaction, is a paramount parameter in achieving high level of compaction. This thesis presents a plane-strain numerical model using PLAXIS computer software to simulate shallow compaction of a subgrade layer underlain by a deep deposit of various stiffness levels. The compaction effort is applied by means of repeated loading on the ground and modeled as a static load applied to the soil through a rigid plate having similar properties of roller material. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be stated that the level of compaction achieved in the field depends on the thickness of the subgrade layer, stiffness of the lower layer, the number of load cycles, and the magnitude of the load applied. The results of this study are presented in the form of compression curves of the subgrade and lower layer, and accordingly, the level of compaction for a given soil/load/geometry conditions can be predicted. Design guidelines are presented for practitioners.
‘I stayed here just for my son:’ the experience of parents of children with intellectual disabilities who migrated from Turkey to Germany

ABSTRACT The present study focuses on individuals with intellectual disabilities among 2.7 million Turkish citizens who had migrated to Germany since the 1960s. The study aims to determine the services provided for individuals with intellectual disabilities who migrated with or were born to a family that immigrated from Turkey to Germany and explore their lives with qualitative inquiry. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 parents in Germany. Then, the interview transcripts were analysed utilising the content analysis method. The findings determined four themes that revealed that Turkish migrants in Germany were satisfied with the financial, childcare, psychological, and counselling services provided for their children. Parents stated that although they were often exposed to discriminatory behaviour in Germany interwoven with the various partials of their identities, they never experienced discrimination against their children. However, interviewees placed greater importance on speaking the local language than their previous generations. Nevertheless, certain participants indicated their preference for Turkish special education teachers over others. Furthermore, the parents who wanted to relocate to Turkey were unable to do so due to the services offered for their children with intellectual disabilities in Germany.
Biological evaluation of stabilized full fat black rice bran in hypercholsterolemic rats

This study was performed to investigate the effect of feeding on stabilized full fat black rice bran (SBRB) in hypercholesterolemic rats. Chemical composition and total phenolic compounds (TPC) of (S – BRB) was determined. Results revealed that (S–BRB) is a good source of crude protein being 15.45%, and crude fat was 16.31%, while the amount of ash and crude fiber were 9.10 and11.01% respectively. Also, total phenolic compounds of (S–BRB) contained (5.08 mg Tannic acid equivalent/g), obtained results illustrated that substitution of feeding hypercholesterolemic diet with (S–BRB) led to improvement the High lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C. Furthermore, hypercholesterolemic diet with (S– BRB) replacement at 75% and 100% also recorded the best and nearest of HDL-C to the negative control. It was observed also that LDLcholesterol value of negative control diets (G1) was 33.92mg/dl, but also the value of the hypercholesterolemic in control (G2) was 179.80 mg/dl. On the other hand, the LDL cholesterol of rats fed on hypercholesterolemic diet substitution with (S–BRB) 25, 50.75 and 100% (G3, G4, G5 and G6) being 77.04, 61.68, 54.51 and 50.98 mg/dl, respectively. At the final of experiment (10 weeks), ALT was significantly increased for the hypercholesterolemic control (G2) was 53.76 U/L, while negative control (G1) was 29.38 U/L respectively. Feeding on hypercholesterolemic diets substituted with (S–BRB) (G3, G4, G5 and G6) led to a more reduction at level 25, 50, 75 and 100% were 36.36, 34.35, 33.25 and 31.15 U/L, respectively comparing with hypercholesterolemic control (G2). Briefly it be could conclude that (S–BRB) has pronounced effect in lowering cholesterol serum levels and may be useful for patients suffering from liver and cholesterol diseases.
Pharmacological studies of Mangifera indica leaf extract

The present study was undertaken to explore the phytochemical screening, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant activities of the hydro-methanolic leaves extract of Mangifera indica using standard screening methods such as disc diffusion and DPPH methods. In phytochemical screening, Mangifera indicaextract showed presence of secondary metabolites such as carbohydrate, phenols, tanins and proteins whereas Saponins were absent. It also showed antibacterial activities against almost all the test organisms. The extracts possessed potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity against the positive control standard Ascorbic acid. Results denote the presence of hydroxyl radical scavenging principles in the extracts.
Diagnosis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects approximately 1% of the adult population. It is currently considered a chronic disease for which there is no cure, but remission has become an achievable goal with optimal treatment. Both disability and enormous cost are functions of the disease over time. It is therefore crucial to treat RA early and persistently until remission is present. The challenge of treatment of early RA is not the lack of effective medicine, but rather the ethical and economic considerations related to risk-benefit and cost-benefit. Overtreating patients with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is often feared, but the potential undertreatment of patients with RA can have accelerated structural consequences. This chapter covers diagnosis of RA, from the initial evaluation of patients with new-onset arthritis to important differential diagnoses. Critical diagnostic features are explained, and the 2010 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria are described and rationalized. The importance of distinction between classification and diagnosis is highlighted.
The Effects of Individual Augmentation (IA) on Navy junior officer retention

Abstract : In 2000, the Navy started the Individual Augmentation (IA) deployment program. IA deployment provides a tool for military leaders to designate and assign specific individuals, not forces, to fill temporary duty jobs outlined by combatant commanders in support of National Command Authorities directed operations. IA is one of the Navy s means of contributing to the Global War on Terror (GWOT) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). This thesis uses standard statistical modeling techniques to quantify the effects of IA deployments on Navy junior officer retention. Using these models we found that the odds of retention for junior officers who went on IA deployments were statistically significantly higher than for those officers that did not. This is an important result because Navy leaders have said that IA deployments will continue in the future. Officers are the foundation of the Navy command and leadership structure; therefore, it is important to understand the effects these deployments have on their retention.
Feelings of not Mattering and Depressive Symptoms From a Temporal Perspective: A Comparison of the Cross-Lagged Panel Model and Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model

Are feelings of not mattering an antecedent of depressive symptoms, a consequence, or both? Most investigations focus exclusively on feelings of not mattering as an antecedent of depressive symptoms. Our current study examines a vulnerability model, a complication model, and a reciprocal relations model according to a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) and a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM). A sample of 197 community adults completed the General Mattering Scale (GMS), the Anti-Mattering Scale (AMS), and a depression measure at three time points (i.e., baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks). GMS and AMS scores were associated robustly with depressive symptoms at each time point. Other results highlighted the need to distinguish levels of anti-mattering and mattering. CLPM analyses supported a reciprocal relations model of anti-mattering (assessed by the AMS) and depressive symptoms and a complication model linking mattering (assessed by the GMS) and depressive symptoms. The RI-CLPM analyses provided tentative support only for a complication model of anti-mattering and depressive symptoms. Our findings highlight the differences between measures of the mattering construct and the need to adopt a temporal perspective that considers key nuances and the interplay among feelings of mattering, feelings of not mattering, and depression.
Development of a compressed natural gas (CNG) mixer for a two stroke internal combustion engine

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) has been accepted widely as an alternative to gasoline. More importantly the use of CNG in two stroke engines will drastically reduce the high emission output from these engines as these engines are widely used around the world. A conversion kit is used to apply the fuel in engines. A bi-fuel conversion system converts engines without much modification to other systems. They are normally produced for four stroke application. This kit has to be studied to be modified for two stroke application. The part that connects the engine to the kit is called a gaseous fuel mixer. This part mixes the air and fuel due to its venturi shape. A mixer provides fuel suction at different engine speeds due to pressure difference at the throat. The optimisation of the throat is important as a small throat will cause poor performance at high speeds while a large throat will reduce fuel suction. The smaller throat size creates higher velocity and lower pressure. This low pressure creates fuel suction into the mixer. The mixer was designed for a two stroke engine air flow. Computer aided design (CAD) and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software were used as a tool for the design. The design is optimised for inlet and outlet angles, number and size of the hole at the throat circumference and also the throat size. The prototype design was manufactured based on optimised dimensions of the mixer that were obtained from CFD analysis. The mixer was validated to show that the CFD analysis was correct. Testing apparatus were used to do the validation. The apparatus consists of a laminar flow element (LFE), a smoke generator, a digital manometer and a gaseous flow meter. It was used to validate the flow pattern, pressure drop from the mixer and the air fuel ratio given by the mixer
Simulation of expansion driven flow instabilities in long risers

A series of former small scale experiments on unstable gas lift conducted at the NTNU multiphase laboratory have become subject to numerical simulations with two different multiphase one-dimensional flow simulators. In the experimental setup the injected gas accumulates in a riser inlet bend configuration and then discharges into the riser due to expansion driven flow acceleration in the riser. This gives a cyclic flow, resulting in unstable production with characteristics similar to those associated with density wave instability. No similar experimental contributions have been found in the literature. Simulations with and without slug tracking have been performed with the commercially available simulator OLGA. The simulations without slug tracking have been conducted on a fine grid with a cell length in the order of one pipe diameter, thus representing a slug capturing approach. The OLGA simulations with slug tracking have been conducted on a coarser grid. The SLUGGIT simulator is a non-commercial in-house NTNU slug tracking simulator based on a moving grid formulation. This simulator exists in several versions which are all implemented in C++ by use of object oriented techniques. One of these versions has been modified to handle a gas source at any location along the pipeline. Both OLGA without slug tracking as well as the SLUGGIT have proven capable of reproducing the unstable expansion driven flows shown in the experiments.