Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The combined effects of temperature and aromatase inhibitor on metamorphosis, growth, locomotion, and sex ratio of tiger frog (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) tadpoles

Background The tiger frog (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) is widely raised by many farms in southern region of China as an economically edible frog. The growth, development, and sexual differentiation of amphibians are influenced by temperature and steroid hormone level. However, the problem of hormone residues is caused by the addition of exogenous hormones in frog breeding, it is worth considering whether non-sterol aromatase inhibitors can be used instead of hormones. Methods In our study, H. rugulosus tadpoles were subjected to two water temperatures (29 °C and 34 °C) and three letrozole concentrations in the feed (0, 0.1 and 1 mg/g) to examine the effects of temperature, aromatase inhibitor and their interaction on metamorphosis, locomotion, and sex ratios. A G-test and contingency table were used to analyze the metamorphosis rate of tadpoles and the survival rate of froglets after feeding for 90 days. A G-test was also used to analyze sex ratios in different treatment groups. Results Metamorphosis time and body size (snout–vent length, body mass and condition factor) were significantly different between the two temperature treatments. Metamorphosis time was longer and body size was increased at 29 °C compared to those at 34 °C. Letrozole concentration and the temperature × letrozole interaction did not affect these variables. The jumping distance of froglets following metamorphosis was positively associated with the condition factor; when controlling for condition factor, jumping distance was not affected by temperature, letrozole concentration and their interaction. Temperature and letrozole concentration also did not affect metamorphosis and survival rate. Sex ratio of the control group (0 mg/g letrozole) was 1:1 at 29 °C, but there were more males at 34 °C. The sex ratios of H. rugulosus treated with letrozole at 29 °C and 34 °C were significantly biased toward males, and male ratio increased as letrozole concentration increased. Furthermore, more males were produced at 34 °C than at 29 °C at each letrozole concentration.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in early maturing pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) genotypes

In Ethiopia, there has been no detail information on the extent and patterns of variability present in pigeon pea genotypes so far. As a result, hundred pigeon pea genotypes were tested in a 10 × 10 simple lattice design at Areka Research Center, Ethiopia during 2009 cropping season. The objectives of the study were to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic divergence among 100 genotypes and cluster them in to genetically homogenous groups. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference (p≤ 0.01) for most traits. High phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was recorded for harvest index and biomass yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high expected genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for 100-seed weight, seed yield per plot, plant height, biomass yield per plant and harvest index. The genetic divergence was assessed using Mahalanobis D 2 statistics and the genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Distances between these clusters were significantly different for most of the cluster combinations. Therefore, the present study indicated that there is sufficient genetic diversity in pigeon pea germplasm that could be used as a base for improvement of the yield and other important attributes of this crop through direct selection and hybridization. Future work may also proceed in collecting and characterizing all the pigeon pea germplasms found in Ethiopia and developing short duration and high yielding varieties.
Training with Noise Adversarial Network: A Generalization Method for Object Detection on Sonar Image

Object detection tasks for sonar image confront two major challenges, scarcity of dataset and perturbation of noise, which cause overfitting to models. The state-of-the-art object detection designed for optical images cannot address the issues because of the inherent differentiation between the optical image and sonar image. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose an adversarial training method to generalize the detector by introducing perturbation with specific noise property of sonar images during training stage. We design a sideway network which we name Noise Adversarial Network (NAN). The NAN is embedded into the state-of-the-art detector to generate adversarial examples which serve as assistant decision-making items to predict both class and bounding box, aiming to improve the generalization and noise robustness of the detector. To provide prior knowledge of noise perturbation to NAN, we also design a Noise Block (NB) for introducing noise in the upstream layers, which further improves noise robustness. Following the Faster R-CNN framework, the results of our experiments indicate a 8.9% mAP boost on our sonar image dataset. The detector equipped with NAN and NB also outperforms the baseline on noised test sets. Furthermore, it gains a 2.4% mAP boost on the optical image dataset PASCAL VOC 2007.
Effects of Sequential Usage of Three Teaching Methods on Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students in Biology in Onitsha Education Zone

The study investigated the effects of sequential usage of three teaching methods on the academic achievement of senior secondary school students in biology. Four research questions and four hypotheses guided the study. The quasi-experimental design, specifically the pretest posttest nonequivalent group design was used. A sample of 154 Senior Secondary School year two (SS 2) biology students from Onitsha Education Zone of Anambra State were involved in the study. The instrument for data collection was Biology Achievement Test (BAT) validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was established using Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 which yielded coefficient of internal consistency of 0.94. The treatment involves exposing the three groups of students to the biological concept of osmosis and diffusion using a combination of three teaching methods presented in three different sequence. The data obtained were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that a significant difference exists in the mean achievement scores of students in the experimental groups, in favour of demonstration-laboratory students’ experiment and lecture sequence (DEL). No significant difference existedbetween the mean achievement scores of male and female students in the three sequences. The researcher recommended that state government should organize seminar, workshops and orientation exercise to familiarize basic science teachers on how to use students’ laboratory experiment as well as conduct good demonstration of concepts to enhance meaningful understanding.
The Ostrich in Us: Selective Attention to Personal Finances

Attention plays an important role in both microand macroeconomic theory but direct empirical evidence is scarce. In this paper, we analyze the determinants of attention to financial accounts using panel data from a financial aggregation platform, including daily logins, discretionary spending, income, balances, and credit limits. We find that income arrivals cause individuals to log in and pay attention to their finances. Moreover, individual attention increases in cash holdings, savings, and liquidity, while it decreases in spending and overdrafts, and jumps discretely when balances change from negative to positive. We document these patterns within individuals by comparing each person within his or her own history. We argue that our findings cannot easily be explained by rational theories of inattention, i.e., information costs and benefits. Instead, they suggest that information-dependent utility generates selective attention and Ostrich effects. In turn, we formally discuss in how far the most highly-cited information-dependent utility model can explain our findings and what are its shortcomings. Furthermore, we show that a standard general-equilibrium model generates very different aggregate dynamics if inattention is assumed to be selective instead of rational.
Risk aversion and preferences for redistribution: a laboratory experiment

Preferences for redistribution have been widely studied by the economic literature, but their relationship with risk preferences received only marginal attention. The aim of this work is to test the results obtained by the scarce literature on the issue with additional robustness checks. According to our results, it is possible to conclude that the more people are risk averse, the more they are likely to be favourable to high redistribution across members of a society that allows social mobility i.e. when there is uncertainty about the final position in the income distribution. JEL Codes: C91, D81, H24, H30.
Genetic Diversity among Different Samples of Camel’s Tick (Hyalomma dromedarii) in Taif city, Saudi Arabia

| The ticks (Hyalomma dromedarii) are significant disease transmit vectors to camel in Saudi Arabia. They transfer a range of pathogens such as bacteria, protozoa and viruses to people and animals. Their significance as a malady vector requires dependable molecular technique in the present research, the genetic variability of H. dromedarii from six farms located in Taif governorate of Saudi Arabia were investigated by using ISSR marker technique. Eight ISSR markers were chosen to deliver clear and reproducible polymorphic loci. The genetic variability within and among all samples of H. dromedarii were investigated via these markers. A total of 102 DNA loci were produced. Out of these loci, 63 were with ratio of 61.8%. The number of total bands varied from 8 to 16 bands, and the bands size ranging from 120 to 2100 bp. By using Neighbor-joining genetic distance method, the 12 samples were assembled into two main group with 0.56 genetic similarity. The first group contains two samples, number 2 and 11, from different farm. The other ten samples are located in second group which divided into two clusters. The value of genetic similarity varied from 0.877 for two samples, tick-9 and tick-12 to a lowest value of 0.056 for samples tick-3 and tick-11. The present data indicates that there is no remarkable correlation between the geographic distance and genetic similarity.
Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli from Processed Water in Gwagwalada, Nigeria

|This study was carried out to determine the occurrence and In-vitro antibiotic susceptibility patterns of E. coli from processed water consumed by humans in Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. A total of 240 samples; consisting of 60 bottled water, 150 sachet water and 30 tap water were randomly collected bi-monthly for six months. The samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli using culture, isolation and complete biochemical characterization to further confirm the isolates. The findings of this study showed an overall prevalence rate of 5.0%. However, E. coli were not isolated from bottled and sachet water samples. An In-vitro antibiotic sensitivity test conducted, indicated that all isolates had 100% susceptibility to gentamicin and 100% resistance to penicillin, flucloxacillin and ampicillin. The percentage susceptibilities to other antimicrobial agents were 83.3 for tetracycline, 50.0 for co-trimoxazole, 16.7 for cefuroxime and 8.3 for erythromycin. This study has clearly showed that E. coli isolates from tap water samples could contain pathogenic strains which may be relevant in the pathogenicity of colibacillosis. The varying degrees of susceptibility displayed by antimicrobial agents could be attributed to the use and misuse of antibiotics in the study area. This study has demonstrated the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of E. coli from processed water in Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. It is worth noting that the presence of E. coli as a food-borne pathogen in processed water in Gwagwalada area council serves as a public health threat to humans who may consume such water. It is therefore recommended that immediate screening of emerging E. coli strains be performed prior to therapy. Similarly, the presence of drug resistant E. coli in tap water samples in areas covered by this study suggests the need for public health intervention particularly from Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA), Abuja.
Retrospective study of tumor and tumor like conditions of ovary from a rural hospital in Kerala

The prevalence of ovarian cysts and tumor like conditions has been reported to be between 2 to 4% among gynecological admissions. About 95% of these tumors have been found to be benign. Ovarian malignancies represent the greatest clinical challenge of all the gynecological malignancies. During the reproductive years most of the ovarian tumors encountered are benign. About 2/3 of the ovarian tumors are encountered in this group only. The chance that an ovarian tumor is malignant in a patient younger than 45 years is 1 in 15. The pathology of ovarian tumors and tumor like conditions is one of the most complex areas in ABSTRACT
Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment ( ACCE ) : A Progress Report

This is the Executive Summary of the ACCE report as presented in the form of Information Paper 62 for the XXXI Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting and XI meeting of the Committee on Environmental Protection, in Kiev, June 2-13, 2008. SCAR’s AGCS programme was asked to take the lead in preparing the report, which considers the past and possible future changes in the physical environment of the Antarctic and the impact on the biota. Many individuals have contributed to the report and we now have a draft available for consultation. The full report is about 500 pages in length and is available as a single 15 MB PDF file. It can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.nerc-bas.ac. uk/pub/jtu/ACCE/. The file is called ACCE_Draft_9June. pdf.
Representation of Women in High-Performance Computing Conferences

—Women are severely underrepresented in the HPC workforce. Following the aphorism “if you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it,” this paper aims to provide tangible and reproducible data on this gender gap. Speciﬁcally, this paper provides statistics on women’s representation in HPC conferences, focusing mainly on authors of peer-reviewed papers, who serve as the keystone for future advances in the ﬁeld. To this end, we analyzed participant data from nine HPC and HPC-related peer-reviewed conferences from a single year. In addition to examining gender distributions, we looked at other demographic factors, such as the authors’ countries and sectors, and at post-publication statistics of the papers. Our main ﬁnding is that women represent only about 10% of all HPC paper authors, with some geographical variations. Representation of women is particularly low among industry researchers and at higher experience levels.
COMPARISON OF SERUM PROGESTERONE LEVEL IN PRETERM LABOR AND NORMAL PREGNANCY

This research is supposed to compare the progesterone serum level between women with preterm labor and normal pregnancy. This is an analytical study with cross sectional design to compare between serum progesterone level in preterm labor and normal pregnancy. Population are pregnant women in delivery room and outpatient clinic of obstetric and gynecology department at RSUP H Adam Malik and FK USU satellite hospitals in Medan . The sample of this study arepart of population which has fullfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, collected with consecutive sampling. Matching of gestational age was performed on sample and control group. From this study, 46 subjects were obtained, which divided equally between 2 groups, with preterm labor and normal pregnancy. Mean level of progesterone in preterm labor group is 103,22 ng/ml, lower if compared to normal pregnancy group with 200,22 ng/ml (p-value = 0,0001 ). Progesterone serum level in pregnant women with preterm labor is significantly lower compared to normal pregnancy. Keyword: Preterm Labor, Progesterone.
A Study of Prevalence & Pattern of Substance Use among the Patients Suffering From Psychotic Disorders

Introduction: The co-occurrence of Psychosis and Substance use is prevalent and is associated with significant clinical and social problems. More than three fourths of all schizophrenic patients smoke cigarettes; 30-50 % may meet diagnostic criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence. Aims & Objectives: 1.To evaluates the Prevalence and Pattern of Substance use in the patients with Psychotic disorders & to co-relate with various socio-demographic factors. 2. To find severity of Psychosis & substance use & to find correlation between them. Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out at, Psychiatry OPD, PDU Gov. Medical College & Hospital, Rajkot. Systematic randomization sampling method with fraction of 8 was used for case selection and total 200 patients were approached. BPRS, FTND & LDQ was used as instrument. Results & Discussion: We could find the comorbidity of substance use in 70.5% patients. The substance we found in our study was tobacco (68%), Alcohol (6%) & Cannabis (1%). There was statistically significant difference in prevalence of substance use co-morbidity with socio-demographic variables like gender, education, occupation & socioeconomic class. Conclusion: The Study suggests need for sensitization of psychiatrists to evaluate and treat co-morbid substance dependence in the patients with Psychosis.
Islamic Governance Theory in Moroccan Islamist Discourse

Political Islam is a very wide ideological concept that includes diverse political movements and trends (Khan, 2014). A common element to all of them is the use of the ‘Islamic reference’ (al-marji’iyya al-islâmiyya) as the foundation of their political practice. Establishing the ‘Islamic state’ (tatbîq al-dawla al-islâmiyya) is the main goal of their political action, and this very concept sets Islamist political action within the framework of political modernity. Yet, while Islamist movements try to track their political legitimacy to the ‘prophetic’ action, they have to face many ideological challenges to adapt Islamic concepts and theories from ‘classical’ jurisprudence to modern political competition. This is the case of Moroccan political Islam, including major actors as the Justice and Development Party (PJD) [1] and the Community of Justice and Spirituality (CJS) [2]. Both of them do develop an Islamic theory on governance in their discourse, trying to adapt classical concepts as ‘imamate’ (imâma) or ‘caliphate’ (khilâfa) to their own ideological conception of power and to their specific situation in political competition.
Notes on the breeding biology of the Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus in Etawah and Mainpuri districts, Uttar Pradesh, India

The breeding biology of the Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus was studied for three breeding seasons (1999–2002) in Etawah and Mainpuri districts, Uttar Pradesh, India. Twentynine pairs were differentiated over the study period in an area of 500 km2. Nests were found even in densely populated areas, frequently close to roads and habitation. Nest-building began in midAugust, immediately after the monsoon. Egg-laying began in early September, with most chicks hatching by mid-January and fledging by mid-March. Twenty-one pairs raised 50 young successfully to the age of dispersal from natal territories. Most pairs raised two chicks (range: 1–3), but most raised chicks in only one out of the three years, and only one pair successfully raised chicks in two consecutive years. Young usually remained on their natal territories for 14–18 months, but some remained up to 28 months. The population had relatively high productivity and low mortality, suggesting that it is at least stable. Further surveys are needed to ascertain if other healthy populations occur in similar areas of the Gangetic floodplain, and populations of Black-necked Storks outside protected areas need to be accorded increased attention. FORKTAIL 19 (2003): 15-20
Extracting identifying contours for African elephants and humpback whales using a learned appearance model

This paper addresses the problem of identifying individual animals in images based on extracting and matching contours, focusing in particular on the trailing edges of humpback whale flukes and the outline of the ears of African savanna elephants. A coarse-grained FCNN is learned to isolate the contour in an image, and a fine-grained FCNN is learned to provide more precise boundary information. The latter is trained by generating synthetic boundaries from coarse, easily-extracted training data, avoiding tedious manual effort. An A* algorithm extracts the final contour, which is converted to set of digital curvature descriptors and matched against a database of descriptors using local-naive Bayes nearest neighbors. We show that using the learned fine-grained FCNN produces more accurate contours than using image gradients for fine localization, especially for elephant ears where the boundaries are primarily texture. Matching using contours extracted using the fine-grained FCNN improves top-1 accuracy from 80% to 85% for flukes and 78% to 84% for ears.
Modulation of MDR/MRP by wild-type and mutant p53

Loss of wild-type p53 activity and acquisition of a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, two apparently key factors in the resistance of human cancers to chemotherapy, may be interrelated. Wild-type p53 represses expression of both the MDR-1 gene (encoding the prototypical MDR protein P-glycoprotein [PGP]) and MRP-1 (encoding the MDR-associated protein) (1, 2). Using a temperature-sensitive p53 mutant, Sullivan et al. (3) recently claimed in the JCI that the introduction of a mutant p53 variant promoted MRP expression and activity in a prostate cancer cell line. Our experience with transfection of p53 into other tumor cell lines casts their data in a different light. We transfected five previously characterized (4) human malignant glioma cell lines with the murine temperature-sensitive p53V135A mutant, which is dominant-negative over endogenous wild-type p53 at 38.5°C but assumes wild-type properties at 32.5°C, mediating the strong induction of p21 expression and causing G2/M arrest (5, 6). Control cell lines (hygro) were transfected with the same plasmid lacking a p53 cDNA insert. Changes in PGP or MRP protein levels were examined 48 hours after the cells were placed at the permissive temperature of 32.5°C (Table 1, upper part). At 32.5°C, expression of p53V135A caused a decline in PGP expression and activity in two cell lines (LN-18 and LN-308) but left these parameters unaffected in two cell lines (U87MG and [. ] Letter to the Editor
Exercise as medicine in rheumatoid arthritis

Collective research evidence reveals a beneficial impact of physical activity on a number of different health outcomes in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). However, RA patients still remain physically inactive due to factors involving both the patient and the health professional. In this review, we describe the beneficial effects of physical activity in RA and we explore the potential reasons why RA patients still remain physically inactive by a) investigating whether current provision for incorporating physical activity in clinical management is adequate/sufficient and b) discussing evidence from both from the patients’ and healthcare providers’ perspectives as to why RA patients still remain physically active. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2015; 26(2): 54-61