Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Covering #MeToo across the News Spectrum: Political Accusation and Public Events as Drivers of Press Attention

Garnering coverage across the political spectrum is a major challenge for burgeoning social movements. The #MeToo movement stands out due to the volume of attention it generated. Yet, it is unclear how news media across the partisan spectrum covered the movement using different sexual violence language markers, latent topic, and word choices and which accusations and events drove media attention. To examine this, we used Media Cloud to extract 17,877 news articles from nine media outlets across the political spectrum, containing specific n-grams or co-occurrences of (1) “metoo,” (2) “sexual misconduct,” (3) “sexual harassment,” and (4) “sexual assault” from October 2017 through February 2018. The analyses first examined whether language and attention differed across the ideological news ecology and then turned to time-series modeling of these discourses to examine what drove press coverage and structural topic modeling (STM) and term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) analysis to understand latent topics and language usage. Findings reveal that (1) left-leaning media dedicated more relative attention across all topics—#MeToo, sexual misconduct, sexual harassment, and sexual assault—relative to centrist and right-leaning media. Moreover, across the right, left, and centrist media, the language markers “misconduct,” “harassment,” and “assault” decreased over the study period, while the mentions of #MeToo movement increased during the same period; (2) stories relating to entertainment and those accusing politicians, especially those belonging to the party in power at the Federal level, seemed to be by far the strongest driver of news media attention; and (3) we further observed partisan differences in topics of news coverage and language usage.
Phytochemical investigation of Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl and evaluation of its antibacterial activity

A phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Wissadula periplocifolia using chromatographic techniques has led to the isolation of sitosterol (1a), stigmasterol (1b), sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2a), stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2b), phaeophytin A (3), 132-hydroxy-(132-S)-phaeophytin A (4), phaeophytin B (5), 173-ethoxyphaeophorbide (6), 3,4-seco-urs-4(23),20(30)-dien-3-oic acid (7), 3-oxo-21β-H-hop-22(29)-ene (8), dammaradienone (9a), and taraxastenone (9b). The isolated compounds were characterised by spectroscopic analysis. A preliminary assay to evaluate the antibacterial activity of W. periplocifolia extracts and fractions showed that the dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions were active against Enterococcus faecalis.
A study on stigma and apprehensions related to COVID-19 among healthcare professionals in Delhi

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The pandemic has not only overburdened the healthcare system but owing to its nature and perceived threat, it has led to elevation of the mental stressors among the healthcare professionals (HCPs). Communicable diseases like ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), H1N1 etc. had already witnessed, social isolation and stigma among the infected as well as the cured survivors. Weiss et al. defined stigma as, “a social process or related personal experience characterized by exclusion, rejection, blame, or devaluation that results from experience or reasonable anticipation of an adverse social judgment about a person or group identified with a particular health problem”. The secondary epidemic of prevailing stigma following COVID-19 has crept in almost all the geographical regions including Mexico, Malawi and India. In a developing country like India, where an immense lacunae already exist ABSTRACT
Interpolated multichannel singular spectrum analysis: A reconstruction method that honors true trace coordinates

The multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA) reconstruction algorithm denoises and reconstructs seismic traces on a regular grid. We have developed a modified version of MSSA that can cope with denoising and reconstruction of traces with irregular coordinates. The proposed method, interpolated multichannel singular spectrum analysis (I-MSSA), connects off-the-grid observations to the desired gridded data via a linear interpolation operator. The algorithm consists of two steps. In the first step, we use the steepest-descent method to estimate the gridded data that honors off-the-grid observations. The second step guarantees convergence to a solution by applying the MSSA filter to the gridded data. The final solution is the reconstructed volume that honors off-the-grid observations. We use the algorithm to process synthetic and field data. We also provide an application in which 3D prestack data corresponding to an orthogonal survey are fully reconstructed using cross-spread gathers. We use I-MSSA to restore each subset individually. The output is a complete seismic volume described in a regular common-midpoint grid.
Influence of crystallinity on the Rayleigh instability of gold nanowires

The influence of the crystalline structure of nanowires on their thermal instability has been systematically investigated. Both poly- and single-crystalline (SC) cylindrical nanowires with diameters 87 and 132 nm transform into chains of spheres during annealing at 600–700 °C. SC nanowires oriented along the ⟨1 1 0⟩ direction are found to be more stable, i.e. longer annealing times are needed for their complete transformation into sphere chains. Sphere size and spacing between adjacent spheres formed after decay are controlled by the crystallinity of the wires and both are larger in the case of SC nanowires.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Screening in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Primary Care Setting

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health problem worldwide and the most common chronic liver disease. NAFLD currently affects approximately one in every four people in the United States, and its global burden is expected to rise in the next decades. Despite being a prevalent disease in the general population, only a minority of patients with NAFLD will develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with advanced liver fibrosis (stage 3‐4 fibrosis) and liver‐related complications. Certain populations, such as patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are recognized to be at the highest risk for developing NASH and advanced fibrosis. Both the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes recommend screening of all T2DM for NAFLD. Incorporating a simple noninvasive algorithm into the existing diabetic care checklists in the primary care practice or diabetologist’s office would efficiently identify patients at high risk who should be referred to specialists. The proposed algorithm involves a first‐step annual fibrosis‐4 score (FIB‐4) followed by vibration‐controlled transient elastography (VCTE) for those with indeterminate or high‐risk score (FIB‐4 ≥1.3). Patients at low‐risk (FIB‐4 <1.3 or VCTE <8 kPa) can be followed up by primary care providers for lifestyle changes and yearly calculation of FIB‐4, while patients at high risk (FIB‐4 ≥1.3 and VCTE ≥8 kPa) should be referred to a liver‐specialized center. Conclusion: Patients with T2DM or prediabetes should be screened for NASH and advanced fibrosis. The proposed simple algorithm can be easily incorporated into the existing workflow in the primary care or diabetology clinic to identify patients at high risk for NASH and advanced fibrosis who should be referred to liver specialists.
Thermodynamically Stable Single-Side Hydrogenated Graphene

H. J. Xiang,1 E. J. Kan,2 Su-Huai Wei,3 X. G. Gong,1 and M. -H. Whangbo2 1Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Ministry of Education, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China 2Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA 3National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA Received 29 August 2010; published 13 October 2010
Water Footprints and Virtual Water Flows Embodied in the Power Supply Chain

Water use within power supply chains has been frequently investigated. A unified framework to quantify the water use of power supply chains deserves more development. This article provides an overview of the water footprint and virtual water incorporated into power supply chains. A water-use mapping model of the power supply chain is proposed in order to map the analysed research works according to the considered aspects. The distribution of water footprint per power generation technology per region is illustrated, in which Asia is characterised by the largest variation of the water footprint in hydro-, solar, and wind power. A broader consensus on the system boundary for the water footprint evaluation is needed. The review also concludes that the water footprint of power estimated by a top-down approach is usually higher and more accurate. A consistent virtual water accounting framework for power supply chains is still lacking. Water scarcity risks could increase through domestic and global power trade. This review provides policymakers with insights on integrating water and energy resources in order to achieve sustainable development for power supply chains. For future work, it is essential to identify the responsibilities of both the supply and demand sides to alleviate the water stress.
Relationship between online corporate governance and transparency disclosures and board composition: evidence from JSE listed companies

ABSTRACT In the aftermath of corporate collapses and scandals, transparent communication with stakeholders is vital in rebuilding trust. Notwithstanding sound theoretical arguments advocating the importance of board diversity, e.g. improved corporate governance, empirical results remained mixed. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of board composition on companies’ use of their websites as voluntary communication channel for corporate governance and transparency disclosures. A quantitative methodology was used to measure corporate governance and transparency disclosures available on corporate websites for a sample of JSE-listed companies. By means of multiple regression analysis, findings showed that companies with more board members, a higher percentage of female directors and directors over the age of 50 years excel in the disclosure of corporate governance and transparency-related information. Pertaining to strategic information, companies with more independent non-executive directors disclosed more strategic information and companies with more ethnic directors scored higher on attempts to level the accessibility of information to all stakeholders. Overall, the findings, therefore, suggest that as board diversity may improve both corporate governance and transparency; stakeholders may also benefit from well-diversified boards. Finally, support is provided for the Employment equity and Broad-based employment equity Acts, as well as the Women Empowerment and Gender Equality Bill implemented in South Africa to encourage more gender and ethnic diversity.
The laser lightning rod project

Lightning is highly destructive due to its high power density and unpredictable character. Directing lightning away would allow to protect sensitive sites from its direct and indirect impacts (electromagnetic perturbations). Up to now, lasers have been unable to guide lightning efficiently since they were not offering simultaneously terawatt peak powers and kHz repetition rates. In the framework of the Laser Lightning Rod project, we develop a laser system for lightning control, with J-range pulses of 1 ps duration at 1 kHz. The project aims at investigating its propagation in the multiple filamentation regime and its ability to control high-voltage discharges. In particular, a field campaign at the Säntis mountain will assess the laser ability to trigger upward lightning.
Ownership concentration, firm life cycle, and leverage: Evidence from Italian family firms

Abstract We examine the impact of ownership concentration, firm life cycle, and family ownership on leverage using a sample of listed Italian firms. The study findings reveal that family businesses in Italy have high ownership concentration and use less debt than non-family firms. The study results show that there is a nonlinear relationship between ownership concentration and leverage, and between the firm life cycle and leverage. Furthermore, the study contributes to the literature by showing that firm age positively moderates ownership concentration and leverage linkage. Besides we provide evidence that debt and ownership alternate as disciplining devices at different ownership concentration levels and life cycle stages. Our policy contribution encourages regulators to enforce laws that protect minority shareholders in businesses with high ownership concentration.
Digital instructional practices to promote pedagogical content knowledge during COVID-19

ABSTRACT This report documents the adaptations made by three teacher educators in an early childhood teacher preparation programme in New York City when classes were transitioned to digital environments due to COVID-19. Through qualitative methods that included reflection, observation notes, and systematic discussion, four themes emerged of promising digital practices that model effective teaching and promote pedagogical content knowledge. These practices include the use of breakout groups, an interactive whiteboard, an interactive agenda, and community-building activities. The authors hope to support teacher educators globally by illustrating specific practices that facilitate student engagement and model pedagogical practices for pre-service teachers.
Field level study to understand dimensions of antimicrobial use in dairy farms of Punjab

© Abstract: As a disease control measure on dairy farms for diseased animals, ensuring prudent antimicrobial use is a necessary step. In this perspective, Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has been an emerging global threat cutting across boundaries which is a serious threat to humans and dairy animals. Thus research on antimicrobial use practices and veterinarian prescribing behaviour is critical in achieving national efforts of managing AMR as far as dairy sector is concerned. In this context of antimicrobial use in dairy farming, the study was conducted in Punjab state of Northern India. Multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to get the first hand information from 180 farmers and 60 veterinary doctors. None of the dairy farmers in the study area were following withdrawal period after their sick animal was administered with antimicrobial. Garett method of ranking on importance of treatment sources by respondents ranked the veterinary doctor first position with paravet ranked second. Prescribing behaviour of the veterinary doctors revealed prior experience of treatment and prompt results i.e. quick relief to animals as decisive factor in antimicrobial administration. Empirical research findings on dimensions of antimicrobial use in dairy farms can be vital in designing future strategies for tacking AMR in dairy
Appraisal of the Nexus among Currency Depreciation, Money Demand and Trade Balance in Nigeria (1986-2018)

The aim of this study is to appraise the current state of literature and assess the nexus among currency depreciation, money demand and trade balance in Nigeria from 1986 to 2018. Previous studies appeared to have concentrated on the effects of currency depreciation on macroeconomic policy, while its relationship with money demand and trade balance is scantly documented in the literature. This study therefore, explored this relationship between currency depreciation, money demand and trade balance by reviewing the literature and appraising the relationships. This paper is a review article and provides a survey of the alternative theories that focus on the effect of currency depreciation, money demand and trade balance. Nigeria secondary annual time series data from 1986 to 2017, obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, 2017 was used for the study. The results of the descriptive statistics revealed that currency depreciation exhibited a procyclical trend occasioned by the policies adopted by different administrations in the management of foreign exchange and exchange rates. Trends in currency depreciation and trade balance exhibited structural breaks and occasional spikes revealing that trade balance responded positively to currency depreciation. The study concluded that depreciation of the naira against other foreign currencies and money demand enhances Nigerian trade balance. It thus recommended that, government should create policies towards improving exportation and enhance flow of credit to the real sector to stimulate economic growth. Keywords: Currency Depreciation; Money Demand; Trade Balance; Economic growth; exportation
Correlation between patient complaint, temporomandibular disorder diagnosis and mandible head morphology

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between patient complaints, clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) based on the diagnostic criteria for TMD, and morphology of the mandibular condyle obtained by cone-beam computed tomography (CB-CT). Data were collected from 40 patients. The anatomy of the mandibular condyle was assessed using CB-CT, the diagnosis of TMD according to diagnostic criteria for TMD, and patients' complaints was registered at the appointment. Data were explored and all statistical references were completed in bicaudal tests, with 95% confidence level (α=0.05). The Chi-squared test was used with Bonferroni correction (z-tests). Main complaints found were grouped as muscular, articular, muscular and articular, or headache and articular symptoms. Clinical diagnosis of TMD involved myalgia, local myalgia, myofascial pain, myofascial pain with reference, myofascial pain with arthralgia, arthralgia, or disc displacement with reduction. At least one joint showed condylar flattening, erosion, sclerosis, or osteophytes. No correlation was observed between main complaints, clinical diagnosis, and morphology of the mandibular condyle in all comparisons. The findings suggest that due to the absence of clinical and morphological correlation, CB-CTs should be requested only in specific cases, when doubt remain after careful TMD diagnosis, to avoid their over-indication.
Ensemble of ERDTs for Spectral–Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using MRS Object-Guided Morphological Profiles

In spectral-spatial classification of hyperspectral image tasks, the performance of conventional morphological profiles (MPs) that use a sequence of structural elements (SEs) with predefined sizes and shapes could be limited by mismatching all the sizes and shapes of real-world objects in an image. To overcome such limitation, this paper proposes the use of object-guided morphological profiles (OMPs) by adopting multiresolution segmentation (MRS)-based objects as SEs for morphological closing and opening by geodesic reconstruction. Additionally, the ExtraTrees, bagging, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and MultiBoost ensemble versions of the extremely randomized decision trees (ERDTs) are introduced and comparatively investigated for spectral-spatial classification of hyperspectral images. Two hyperspectral benchmark images are used to validate the proposed approaches in terms of classification accuracy. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed spatial feature extractors and ensemble classifiers.
Stolbur and Clover Proliferation Phytoplasma Infections in Tomato from Bingöl province, Turkey

Bingol ilinde yetistiriciligi yapilan domates (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) tarlalarinda fitoplazma benzeri belirtiler gorulmustur. Dikkat ceken belirtiler arasinda cadi supurgesi, rozetleme, mor renkli kivrilmis ve gevrek yapraklar, ust dallarda kucuk yapraklilik ve asiri uzamis kaliks yer almaktadir. Toplanan 8 simptomlu ve simptomsuz bitkinin yapraklarindan muhtemel patojeni belirleyebilmek icin genomic DNA izolasyonu yapildi. Universal primer setleri kullanilarak gerceklestirilen Nested-PCR testinde, 8 ornegin 4’unde beklenen yaklasik 1200 bp buyuklugunde DNA bandlari elde edilmistir. R16F2n/R16R2 primerleri ile band veren orneklerden rastgele ikisi secilerek uygun bir plasmid vektorde klonlanmistir. Saflastirilan rekombinant plasmid DNA’si cift yonlu olarak dizilenmistir. 16S rDNA dizisinin molekuler analizleri, infekteli domates orneklerinde ‘Canditatus Phytoplasma solani’ (16SrXII-A grup) (benzerlik katsayisi 1.00) (Ulasim no: MT279680) ve ‘Canditatus Phytoplasma trifolii’(16SrVI-A grup) (benzerlik katsayisi 1.00) (Ulasim no: MT279852) dogrulamistir. Domates fitoplazma ile iliskili izolatlar ‘Bingol D11’ digerine ise ‘Bingol D90’ izolati olarak isimlendirilmistir. Olusturulan filogenetik dendrogram da her iki patojenin ait oldugu yeri dogrulamistir. Mevcut bu calisma Bingol ilinde domatesi dogal olarak enfekte eden "Ca. P. solani" ve "Ca. P. trifolii" nin ilk raporudur.
Solar Cycle Dependence of Solar Wind Coupling With Giant Planet Magnetospheres

In the outer heliosphere, higher upstream Alfvénic Mach number (MA) values have been theorized to limit the solar wind forcing at all giant planet magnetospheres. To determine the true impact of MA on the ability for magnetopause reconnection to occur, we perform a comprehensive analysis using data collected throughout the heliosphere. We find that solar cycle variations in solar wind magnetic pressure lead to wide ranges of upstream MA in the outer heliosphere, where MA at solar maximum appears Earth‐like. These considerable MA variations combined with the significant magnetic dipole tilts at Uranus and Neptune suggest that magnetopause reconnection may yet play an important role at the ice giants, in particular at solar maximum.
Consumers’ Food Waste Knowledge in Austria

In times of increasing environmental awareness, the topic of food waste receives a lot of attention from practitioners and scholars alike. In this study, we analyze how well-informed Austrian consumers regard food waste and what factors might influence this knowledge. In a consumer survey (n = 470), we examined consumer food and food handling knowledge, cooking skills, place of residence, personal ties to agriculture, engagement in initiatives against food waste, and their effect on food waste knowledge. To understand what effect social desirability might have on participants’ answers, we administered the survey in both online and face-to-face settings. Amongst others, our findings suggest a positive relationship between knowledge about food and food handling and knowledge about food waste prevention as well as a social desirability bias in reporting one’s own knowledge about food waste prevention. We could not find a statistically significant relationship between food and food handling knowledge, and food waste knowledge. Furthermore, we did not find evidence that a personal connection to agriculture or a rural place of residence leads to better food waste knowledge. Finally, the unexpected influence of cooking skills is at least surprising to a certain extent. We conclude this study by outlining potential areas for future research as well as managerial implications.