Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of planting density on yield components and yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties at Abeya, Borena Zone Southern Ethiopia

Determining optimum plant density for groundnut varieties is imperative to maximize productivity of the crop. A field experiment was conducted at Abeya District Borena Zone, southern Oromia Ethiopia, from May to October in 2013 and 2015 to determine the effect of plant density on yield components and yield of groundnut varieties. The experiment was laid out in RCBD in factorial arrangement with three varieties of groundnut (Tole1, Fayo and NC-4x) and five plant densities (142847, 166666, 200000, 250000 and 333333 plants ha-1) in three replications. There was significant interaction effect of varieties and plant density on above ground dry biomass, number of pegs per plant, total pods per plant, number of matured pod per plant, dry pod yield, seed yield and harvest index. The highest above ground dry biomass (6050 kg ha-1) recorded for the variety “NC-4x” at the highest plant density of (333333 plants ha-1). The variety “Tole-1” at plant density of (142857 plants ha-1) gave the highest number of pegs per plant (78.83 pegs per plant) and total pod per plant (77.33 pods per plant). Likewise, the variety “Tole-1” at plant density of (142857 plants ha-1) gave the highest number of matured pod per plant (73 pods per plant). The variety “Tole-1” at plant density of (250,000 plants ha-1) gave the highest dry pod yield (3,831 kg ha-1) and the highest seed yield (2,790 kg ha-1) as well as highest harvest index (36.5). From this study it can be concluded that the appropriate plant densities for higher seed yield for varieties ‘Tole-1’ and NC-4x’ was 250,000 plants ha-1 (40cm × 10cm), while 200,000 plants ha-1 (50 cm × 10cm), for the variety ‘Fayo’. Among the varieties, ‘Tole-1’ was found to be high yielder in the study area.
Effects of Geogebra Instructional Package on Secondary School Students Achievement in Geometry in Makurdi Metropolis of Benue State

The research was concerned with the effects of Geogebra Instructional Package on secondary school students achievement in Geometry in Makurdi Metropolis of Benue State, Nigeria. Two research questions were asked and answered while two hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The design of the study was quasi-experimental design of pretest-post test non equivalent control group. The sample of the study was 205 students. The experimental group was taught using Geogebra Instructional package while the control group was taught using the expository method. The data collected at the end of the research was analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation to answer research questions while the hypotheses were tested using analysis of covariance. The result of the study revealed that students taught geometry using Geogebra Instructional Package achieved higher mean scores than those taught using Expository method. The result also revealed no significant difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female students taught geometry using Geogebra Instructional Package.
IMPACT OF A DESIGNED SELF-CARE PROGRAM ON SELECTED OUTCOMES AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS

Self care program empowers patients to move toward their self-care abilities. The aim was to evaluate the effect of a designed self-care program on selected outcome s a ong patients undergoing hemodialysis. Quasi-exp erimental design was chosen to conduct study. Results, there were high statistical significant di fferences in the total mean scores of knowledge, Nottingham scale and total practice of t he patients in the study group compared to the cont rol group and compared to their own baseline in the post and foll ow up periods. Conclusion, the designed self care p rogram was effective for improving patients' knowledge, practice and lev e of dependence of hemodialysis patients.
Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Candida albicans of Human Saliva ( in vitro study ) 1

The potential use of zinc oxide and other metal oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine are gaining interest in the scientific and medical communities, largely due to the physical and chemical properties of these nanoparticles, therefore there is an urgent need to develop new classes of antimicrobial agents, and recent studies demonstrate that hold a considerable promises. Candida albicans were isolated from saliva of forty eight volunteers of both sexes their age range between 18-22 years and then purified and diagnosed according to morphological characteristic and biochemical tests. Different concentrations of ZnO NPs were prepared from the stock solution; all the experiments were conducted in vitro. Disk diffusion method was used to study the sensitivity of Candida albicans to different concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles in comparison to effect of de-ionized water. Candida albicans were sensitive to all cocentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3 and 5.8 mg/ml) of the zinc oxide nanoparticles solution in comparison to de-ionized water, revealing a highly significant difference in all concentrations. This study revealed that zinc oxide nanoparticles were effective against Candida albicans.
Substance Abuse among Adolescents: 2. Prevalence and Patterns of Cigarette smoking among senior secondary school students in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Cigarette smoking is an important health hazard and a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. More young people are getting involved in tobacco use in Nigeria. This is of great concern. This study determined the prevalence and patterns of Tobacco use among Senior Secondary School Students in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. Four randomly selected schools and 456 students were surveyed in a crosssectional study with a structured questionnaire that addressed the objectives of the study. Data was analyzed with SPSS Version 20. Response rate was 87.7%. Majority (97%) of the respondents fell within the age group of 11-20 years; males (52%); Christians (95%) and 77% lived with both parents. Smoking prevalence rate was 7% with more male students being involved. Initiation age was 12-15 years (66%); 50% were current smokers; 64% smoked at weekends. Popular venues for smoking were at parties (68%), in the bush (43%) and home of friends (25%). Majority (46%) smoked 1 stick of cigarette per day. Relief of stress (65%) was the major reason for indulgence; Specialization was associated with smoking habit whereas Gender and Religion were not. Although smoking prevalence seems low, school-based preventive awareness programs are strongly recommended to reverse the trend.
A STUDY OF CLINICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN A TERTIARY CARE REFERRAL CENTER OF KERALA, SOUTH INDIA

Background: Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding is a common medical emergency with a hospital mortality of approximately 10 percent. The presentation of bleeding depends on the amount and location of hemorrhage and the endoscopic profile varies according to different etiology. Despite advancements in medical intervention UGIB still carries considerable morbidity, mortality and economic burden on health care system. Aims: The aim was to study the clinical and endoscopic profile of patients presenting with acute UGIB admitted, at our Gastroenterology center. Methods: A hospital based, prospective study was conducted in Gastroenterology unit of Medical Trust Hospital Kochi –Kerala, one of the tertiary care referral centre in South India over a period of one year, from march 2016 to march 2017. During this study period, 120 patients were identified who came to Emergency Department with UGIB and were subjected to endoscopy to identify the etiology. The clinical and endoscopic profile was analyzed and mortality pattern was studied. Results: The present study comprised of 120 patients of acute UGI bleeding. The age ranged from 14 to 88 years, mean age being 48.76+17.19. Ninety patients (75%) were male and 30 patients (25%) were female with M: F = 3:1. Eighty six patients (71.7%) presented with both hematemesis and malena, while 24 patients (20%) presented with only hematemesis and 10 patients (8.3%) presented with only melana. Upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed esophageal varices in 57 patients (47.5%), Peptic ulcer disease in 40 (33.3%), Mallory Weiss tear in 10 (8.3%), Erosive mucosal disease 6 (5%), malignancy in 4 (3.2%) and GAVE (2.5%). Comorbidities were present in 43.3%. 11 patients (9.1%) expired. Risk factors for death being heavy alcoholic consumption, advanced World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 8.074 Volume 8, Issue 1, 855-862. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 Article Received on 23 October 2018, Revised on 13 Nov. 2018, Accepted on 03 Dec. 2018 DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20191-13853 *Corresponding Author Waseem Raja Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Trust Hospital, KochiKerala. India. Waseem et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research www.wjpr. net Vol 8, Issue 1, 2019. 856 cirrhosis, massive rebreeding, and associated co morbidities. Conclusions: Acute Upper Gastrointestinal bleeding is a medical emergency. In the present study, variceal bleed was the most common cause of UGIB, followed by peptic ulcer bleed. However, majority of mortality was seen in portal hypertension related bleeding. Urgent, appropriate hospital management definitely helps to reduce morbidity and mortality.
An evaluation of the awareness of breast cancer and screening practices among women in some rural communities of Nigeria

All over the world, the damage that befalls women diagnosed of breast cancer remains inestimable. Early detection remains a major effective approach that should be employed to combat the disease. The issue of concern, however, is whether women in the rural underserved areas are aware of these early detection methods. This study was designed to assess rural women’s awareness and knowledge of breast cancer and their screening practices. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study utilizing self developed structured questionnaire. Reliability of the instrument was determined and alpha correlation values range between 0.81 and 0.95 for the different components of the questionnaire. Data was processed using descriptive analysis and associations tested with Chi-square at 5% level of significance. The results of the findings showed that 52.7% of the women had adequate knowledge about breast cancer risk factors and symptoms. Regarding the women’s awareness about breast cancer screening methods, 52.8 and 51.7% of women have heard about Breast Self-Examination (BSE) and Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) respectively. However, few numbers of respondents (3.9%) were aware about mammography and these are people who did it for the purpose of diagnosing breast problem. Majority of the women (72.8%) did not practice BSE which is the most readily available screening method. Considering the lack of sophisticated diagnostic technology such as mammography for breast screening in the rural areas, BSE provided a unique opportunity for the women to be breast aware and to identify breast problems which may constitute danger to their health in the future. Health care professionals, most especially those at the primary health care level, should enhance the women’s skills to use this simple procedure effectively to promote their health.
Antibody-mediated rejection and aHUS in renal graft recipient

Abstract A 46-year-old female who lost her native kidney function due a biopsy proven collapsing type of FSGS, had a living kidney transplant after which, she developed acute renal allograft dysfunction, thrombocytopenia and microangiopathichemolytic anemia five days post-transplant. Renal biopsy revealed acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Genetic studies showed that this patient has a homozygous mutation of complement factor B (CFB) gene and heterozygous variant of C 3 gene consistent with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome type 4. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IV IG) and plasma exchange did not resolve these abnormalities. Eculizumab and bortezomib, on other hand, were very effective.
International Journal of Current Research in

Article Info To study characteristics of women undergoing induced abortion and associated complications. Case series study. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan. 100 patients of reproductive age providing history of induced abortion during a period of 1 year 3 months were included in study and statistically analyzed. Mean age of the patients was 31.02±5.83 years (18-45 years). Most of the study population (98%) comprised of married, multi parous women (mean parity 4.95±2.12 children). Those who procured abortion during 1 st trimester of pregnancy were 86%. Induced abortions were mostly carried out (61%) by Dais (traditional birth attendants) while 15% and 10% by local lady health visitors and nurses respectively. In 2% of cases doctors induced abortion and 2% were selfinduced. 10% did not disclose the operator. Vaginal bleeding is the most common symptom, present in 82% of cases followed by abdominal pain in 51% and fever in 24%. Most frequent complication was anemia (96%), followed by hypo volumic shock (57%). Sepsis was present in 55% of cases, peritonitis in 19%, renal failure in 19%, disseminated intravascular coagulation in 11%, hepatic dysfunction in 6%of cases and direct maternal death in 3%. Married multi parous women who already completed their families are the main who go for pregnancy termination. Induced abortions are mostly performed by untrained personnel in unhygienic conditions. Delay in reporting to hospital results in morbid complications. Accepted: 28 October 2017 Available Online: 20 November 2017
The Patient Waiting List Dilemma. Strategies Options to Solve a Social Injustice

“Organ shortage” still remains a dramatic problem faced by patients awaiting organ transplantation. Getting organs for transplantation depends on people's decisions; thus, public opinion is essential to finding a solution to this problem. Paradoxically, although the mortality of people waiting for organs increases each year, the characteristics of social education programs have remained unchanged. The classic slogan "to donate is to give life" remains solidly valid throughout the world. Several surveys regarding the usefulness of current programmatic strategies to change social attitude toward donation have not demonstrated a definite positive result in changing people’s behavior. Fear of death and mutilation, a distrust of medical teams, hostility towards new ideas and religious uncertainties have all been suggested as more relevant barriers to donation than lack of education and information. Education should be used to reshape public opinion about the use of organs for transplantation. However, essentially innovative programs, proposing new suggestions to the public, should be attempted to improve current social response towards organ donation. Society should accept that using organs for transplantation is moral and offers a source of health for everybody. The concept that using the organs of a deceased individual implies sharing a source of health could be, with time and understanding, a social agreement between all members of society. Suggestions to change people’s attitudes t wards organ donation and improving organ shortages may include the following catchphrases: a. During life, everybody may be a potential organ receptor. b. The organs of the deceased are an irreplaceable sources of health; and c. The body after death is a chance to “share” health with everyone. A recent survey of medical professionals with university activity has shown that the already defined lack of knowledge in the problem of organ donation and transplants is practically unchanged at the level of current medical education in the universities. Finally, in an attempt to improve the present reality, education in schools, colleges and universities, with programs that consider new encouraging options of social communication, should be seriously evaluated and put into practice by those responsible for international education plans.
Effect of Calcium Chelators on Improving the Heat Stability of Liquid Micellar Casein Concentrate

Micellar casein concentrate (MCC) (18.5% w/w protein) were treated with varying concentration of sodium phosphate (SP) and trisodium citrate (TSC) in the range of 1 to 10 mM. The samples were analyzed for heat stability and particle size. The MCC samples treated with > 5 mM TSC showed significant improvement in the heat stability, and reduction in particle size as the TSC concentration increased from 7.5 to 10 mM. The MCC samples treated with TSC (7.5 and 10 mM) and SP (10 mM) remained in the liquid state after heat treatment at 140°C, whereas the control samples were coagulated. The improvement in the heat stability of MCC treated with TSC and SP solution was attributed to the ability of these calcium chelators to reduce the calcium ion activity by forming the complex with calcium and hence reducing the calcium induced aggregation of protein.
Gender Differences in Prosocial Behaviour

The objective of current research was to examine the gender differences in prosocial behaviour. Total 60 students (N = 60, 30 Males and 30 Females) participated in the current study from Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India. The Prosocial Personality Battery (PSB) consisting seven dimensions including social responsibility (SR), emphatic concern (EC), perspective taking (PT), personal distress (PD), other oriented moral reasoning (O), mutual concern moral reasoning (M) and self report altruism (SRA) has been used in the study to collect the data. The results revealed significant gender differences on two dimensions of prosocial personality battery, i.e. perspective taking (t = 2.04, p
Detection of NSCLC in a Young Non-Smoker Patient: A Case Report

Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancers account for 80 percent of lung malignancies [1] and of these, roughly 50 percent are adenocarcinomas. Therefore, it is the most common type of lung cancer [2]. Case Presentation: A 29-year old non-smoker presented with dyspnea, blood-tinged and significant loss of weight over the preceding 3 months. His examination detected right supraclavicular lymph node enlargement and bilateral inspiratory rhonchi. CXR and CT scan revealed encroachment of the trachea by a right-sided soft tissue mediastinal mass with right upper lobe nodule. Sonar guided biopsy from the supraclavicular node confirmed invasive adenocarcinoma with PD-L1 expression of more than 50%. Therefore, he was treated with pembrolizumab. Discussion: This patient diagnosis was mistaken for bronchial asthma because of the wheeze and his young age. However, about 15% of lung cancer cases occur among nonsmokers, and each year about 20,000 people who never smoked die of lung cancer [3].
Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance: A Narrative Mini-review of Relevant Literature

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are known to cause significant morbidity and mortality around the world, and, therefore, need precise terminology and prevention strategies to reduce the global burden on public health and increase safety of patient population. Pharmacovigilance is a powerful tool that detects, assesses and analyses spontaneously reported Mini-review Article Bakhsh et al.; JAMPS, 11(1): 1-18, 2016; Article no.JAMPS. 30653 2 suspected serious and non-serious ADRs by healthcare professionals and patients, and provides important insights for preventing ADRs in healthcare settings. Poor quality reports and underreporting of ADRs limit the efficiency of pharmacovigilance. Objective: The aim of this mini-review is to describe precisely definitions of ADRs, adverse drug events (ADEs) and other related terms, their underreporting, pharmacovigilance, and how to optimize ADRs reporting by professionals and patients to pharmacovigilance. Methods: Electronic searches of relevant databases were conducted using keywords for retrieving relevant articles for inclusion in this study. Results: Several studies and healthcare organizations have clearly defined ADRs and ADE. Underreporting and poor quality reporting of ADRs remains a global problem. Continuous training of professionals and patients in ADR reporting to PV is one of the best strategies to optimize the spontaneous reporting of ADRs to pharmacovigilance for early signal detection and prevention of ADRs. Conclusion: The standardized use of ADRs terminology tends to focus attention on efforts aimed at eliminating preventable harm from ADEs. ADRs associated with high economic costs need to be prevented by optimal, better quality reporting of ADRs to pharmacovigilance. The key role of healthcare professionals and patients to report ADR spontaneously need no overemphasis and all stakeholders need continuous training in ADRs and pharmacovigilance.
ME11_OA_Medicine_FH EDIT

Background: Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is characterized by gradual, progressive and permanent decrease in the renal functions. Moreover, CRF adversely effects the functioning of the various other organs. Dyslipidemia is the characteristic of the CRF, moreover lipid profile disorder appear from the onset of the CRF. However, severity of disturbance depends on the stage of CRF. MDA one of the important marker of oxidative stress is the product of lipid peroxidation, which is produced by oxidation of poly unsaturated fatty acid. Increased oxidative stress leads to distruction of bio-molecules, protein, DNA and RNA of the cells. Methods: This was a cross sectional type of study conducted in the TMMC & RC, Moradabad (U.P.). Total sixty patients of CRF patients > 20 years were included in the study. Lipid profile which included serum concentration of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were calculated enzymatic method CHOD-POD method, GPO-PAP method, CHOD-POD/ Phosphotungstate method respectively Results: There was a significant difference between the mean values of TC (< 0.001), TG (< 0.001), LDL (< 0.001), VLDL (< 0.001) of CRF patients and Control group III. MDA level was significantly high in group I and group II compare to group III. Further, the levels of MDA were significantly high in group I CRF patients on dialysis when compared to group II conservatively managed patients (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed that there is increased oxidative stress level as well elevated risk of CVD in CRF patients on dialysis. More of altered level of lipids induces atherosclerosis in CRF patients. Therefore, the present study suggest that management lipids and oxidative stress should be included during the treatment of CRF patients.