Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unusual Fundus Autofluorescence Image in Acute Syphilitic Posterior Placoid Chorioretinitis Associated with Visual Field Defect

Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) is an uncommon but very characteristic ocular syphilitic manifestation. ASPPC presents itself as an oval or circular lesion at the posterior pole, corresponding to outer retinal and choroidal inflammation. Here we describe a case of a 42-year-old man diagnosed with ASPPC, presenting an unusual fundus autofluorescence (FAF) pattern. A mottling aspect of hypo and hyperautofluorescence was observed, different from the typical homogeneous hyperautofluorescence described in the literature. Six months after treatment, a new FAF revealed shrinking, but not disappearing, of the hyperfluorescent spots, and a visual field test performed elucidated a defect, which corresponded to the ASPPC lesion.
Serum Magnesium Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

introduction: Magnesium defi ciency is proposed as a factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Hypomagnesemia can be both a cause and a consequence of diabetic complications. Materials and Methods: This study was undertaken at MGM Hospital, Warangal, from August 2014 to October 2015. A total of 75 cases of Type 2 diabetes mellitus were taken for the study after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The serum magnesium levels among cases and controls were 1.88 ± 0.28 mg/dl and 2.1 ± 0.29 mg/dl, respectively. Conclusion: There was a signifi cant reduction in serum magnesium levels in diabetics compared to the controls. There was a signifi cant correlation between magnesium levels and level of control of diabetes. Uncontrolled diabetics had a low level of serum magnesium.
Long-Term Use Of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomies: A Survey Of Duration Of Use And Level Of Maintenance

Background: There is a conspicuous absence of guidelines from the various manufacturers regarding the recommended time for replacement of a PEG (Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy). Currently, the methodology that influences a decision for PEG replacement is unknown and empiric. Methods: 100 patients from chronic care hospitals or nursing homes with PEG tubes in place for more than six months were examined using a checklist of relevant data. Parameters considered included time since placement, quality of skin around PEG and quality of tube components. Results: Skin breakdown became common, as was decayed PEG tube and stopcock, all beginning about eight months after PEG insertion (p<0.01). Over half of patients had abnormal skin condition around the PEG consisting of either inflammation, infection, or signs of obvious discharge. Most patients had PEG tubes with varying degrees of occlusion. Conclusion: PEG tubes should be replaced after approximately eight months in order to prevent skin infection around the PEG and fungal growth. We recommend replacement of PEG tubes by a skilled physician in the hospital at regular eight-month intervals.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: CONCEPTS, PERSPECTIVES, AND LINK WITH CORPORATE PERFORMANCE: LITERATURE REVIEW

Nowadays, the term of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) becomes increasingly important. The growing trend of CSR becomes an interested challenge for companies and their management. There is an integration of positive attitudes, practices, or programs into company’s business strategy at the top management level. For companies and their management, it is important to know if CSR activities lead to financial and non-financial benefits. The paper reviews the CSR concepts, definitions and the link between this concept
Chaotic behaviour of multiparticle production in relativistic heavy ion collisions

An attempt has been made to understand the chaotic behaviour of multiparticle production in relativistic heavy ion collisions. For this goal first we have measured the distributions of Scaled Factorial Moments (SFMs) and found a scaling behaviour, which supported to chaoticity or spatial fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at high energies. Finally, the values of entropy indices, q are calculated which indicate the chaotic nature of multiparticle production system with a specific self-similar structure.
Participatory Management of Natural Forests in Sudan – Case of El Rawashda Forest Reserve ; Gedaref State

 Abstract— The study focused on the trend of management of natural forest reserves from past to present and future expectations with consideration to collaborative approach. El-Rawashda and Wad Kabo natural forest reserves, covering an area of about 120,000 feddans (approximately 50400 ha) are taken as a case study in Gedaref State. Questionnaire data were collected at two periods of time. Four categories of stakeholders represented the data of 1986 and 2011, including villagers living inside and around the forest reserve; the nomads passing annually through the forest; mechanized farmers from Gedaref town and the refugees in camps north of the forest reserve. Structured interviews using questionnaires were used for the four target groups in the communities consisting of 250 respondents: 150 for the villagers; 40 for the nomads; 40 for the refugees; and 20 for the large mechanized farmers in Gedaref town. The results of the (1986) and that of (2011) were in agreement that all the community stakeholders have the perception that the forest is very important for their lives. The majority of the target groups in the two periods have the understanding that the existence of the forest is important for the supply of their needs for forest products and services. Comparison between the results of the two surveys of 1986 and (2011) indicated the occurrence of major changes in the forest condition. The result showed that the forest was richer in the past than at present. Negative changes in structure, composition and stocking density of the forest have been detected during 2011 as compared with 1986. The forest exhibited decreasing stocking density, particularly in relation to Acacia seyal the most economic species, while there is an increase in the density of Acacia mellifera and Acacia oerfota. The stakeholders indicated their willingness to participate in the rehabilitation process and the management system based on tree planting and the Agroforestry system through which the integration of resource management with trees and crops is practiced. The stakeholders are convinced that it is arduous for the Forests National Corporation to protect and manage the forest without people involvement. The study concluded that the forest reserve is under threat and may lose its historical values and multiple benefits obtained from the diversity of tree species unless a rehabilitation program is developed.
Analysis of production-decline data: Case of geothermal wells as renewable energy

Geothermal reservoirs could recover their conditions after a shut-down period by this reason are considered as renewable energy. In order to optimize the availability of this source, a sustainable exploitation strategy should always be designed. In contrast with oil systems which are practically isolated, geothermal reservoirs are open systems in which the flow of recharge due to the pressure drops is possible. Due to depth of geothermal reservoirs indirect methods based on monitoring data of wells are used to study their evolution. In this work, models widely used for the analysis of production decline data in oil wells have been adapted in order to include the analysis of geothermal wells. From them, important reservoir information needed to design optimal exploitation strategies is obtained. The analysis of production decline in wells is based either on analytical methods or on type curves fitting approaches. With the decline results of wells and considering their economic limit of production, the remaining useful life and the feasible reserves to be extracted from the source, can also be estimated. In this work the analysis of production decline methodology of wells is given and illustrative examples are discussed, highlighting the renewability of geothermal systems respect to oil reservoirs.
PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF ANTIBIOTICS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN PAEDIATRIC POPULATION

: Background: Antibiotics are the most frequently prescribed drugs in paediatrics. However, the threat of antibiotic resistance among children is a reason for apprehension. The frequent use of antimicrobial drugs, primarily antibiotics has become a predictable practice for the treatment of paediatric infections. Methods: A study of the prescription patterns of antibiotics in respiratory tract infections was carried out on children admitted to a paediatric ward of tertiary care hospital for a period of 8 months, using a prepared structured questionnaire/proforma. Accuracy of doses was assessed by the guidelines of Indian Academy of Paediatrics. Results: The total number of cases collected in the ward in a period of 8 months was 80, out of which there were 51 male child (63.5%) and 29 female child (36.5%) treated with antibiotics for respiratory tract infections. Most of the children were admitted with the symptoms of cold (98.75%) n=79 and fever (86.25%) n=69. Amoxicillin and gentamicin was the most common drug prescribed. Conclusion: Inaccurate dose of antibiotics were seen in the prescription, which may lead to resistance. In order to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance of bacteria, appropriate usage of antibiotics should be carefully instituted and implemented.
Foreign Direct Investment, Social Factors & Poverty Reduction In West Africa (1980-2015)

The study investigated the effect of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and social factors on poverty reduction and the joint effect of social factors and FDI on poverty reduction in West Africa, between 1980 and 2015. Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Mean Group estimator, Common Correlated Effects Mean Group estimator (CCEMGE), and Average correlation coefficients (ACC) methods were used for the analysis of the data collected. The results show that FDI reduced poverty in West Africa. These results were not statistically significant when OLS and CCEMGE methods were used, but it was significant when ACC method was used. We found that population that is working reduced poverty, while population not working promoted poverty level. This result was statistically significant under the non-working population. Life expectancy on its own failed to reduce poverty except on the average and when CCEMGEE method was used and the result was statistically significant. Our results also show that working population, and life expectancy rate enhanced the performance of FDI in reducing poverty in West Africa. The study suggested that improvement in social factors as well as provision of employment for the non working population in West African Countries will go a long way in reducing poverty level among the populace. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Social Factors, Poverty, West Africa
Screening of phytochemical compounds in brown seaweed (Turbinaria conoides) using TLC, UV-VIS and FTIR analysis

October-December 2015 952 JCPS Volume 8 Issue 4 Screening of phytochemical compounds in brown seaweed (Turbinaria conoides) using TLC, UV-VIS and FTIR analysis J.Jayabarath and K.Jeyaprakash PG & Research Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur-05. * Corresponding Author: E-Mail: barath_bio@yahoo.co.in; Phone: 9944040699 ABSTRACT The present work was carried out to investigate the medicinally active compounds present in the methanolic extract of Turbinaria conoides by using the analysis of TLC, UV-VIS and FTIR. In the present investigation, chromatographic techniques such as thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis was used to separate and isolate flavonoid compound from the crude extract of Turbinaria conoides. The solvent system of TLC was n-Butanol, Acetic acid and water in the ratio of 4:1:5 was used and its Rf value was detected. For UV-VIS Spectrophotometric analysis, the extract of Turbinaria conoides was scanned in the wavelength ranging from 190‐800 nm by using Perkin Elmer Spectrophotometer and the characteristic peaks and their absorption values were detected. For FTIR Analysis, the extract of Turbinaria conoides was focused in the transmittance ranging between 400-4000cm on a Perkin Elmer Spectrophotometer system and the characteristic peak values and their functional groups were detected. From TLC analysis result, a spot was identified with Rf value was 0.66. This Rf value was compared with literature data showed that the presence of flavonoid compound as Quercetin-3-galactoside. The UV‐VIS profile showed the peaks at 200,224,232, and 669 nm with the absorption values 3.15, 4.25, 3.65 and 0.25 respectively. The result of UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis confirms the presence of phenols and Flavonoids in the Turbinaria conoides extract. The results of the present FTIR study confirms the presence of Phenol, Alkane, Alkene, Carboxylic acid, Aromatic compound, Nitro compound, Alcohol, Silicon, Ketones, Benzene and Bromo alkanes compounds. The results of the present study were revealed that the presence of phenols, flavonoids and functional groups of the Turbinaria conoides which indicates the medicinal importance of this Seaweed.
Determinants of Audit Fees for Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange

The objective of the study was to find out the determinants of audit fees for firms listed in the NSE. The analysis revealed. that the audit market for listed firms is dominated by the Big 4 firms and most companies (72.9%) financial years end at December 31. The multiple linear regression results revealed that auditor experience; auditor reputation; client size; and client complexity had positive and significant relationships with audit fees for Kenyan firms. On the other hand, a negative relationship was documented with size of the audit firm and client profitability. The results, however, did not support any relationship between audit fees; client risk and the reporting season. Keywords: Audit fees; Auditor characteristics; Auditee characteristics; Big 4
Mobile Right Colon Syndrome: Obscure Cause of Lower Right Abdominal Pain

Context: The mobile right colon is a developmental aberration. During the development and rotation of the gut, the cecum and ascending colon are the last to take their final position and fuse with the posterior abdominal wall. Evidence Acquisition: Though a mobile right colon may be present in 20% 30% of the population but causes symptoms in very few. The patients present intermittent colicky right lower quadrant abdominal pain with associated abdominal distention and symptomatic relief after passing flatus or having a bowel movement. Results: Non fixation along with heavy load of the right colon drags the cecum and ascending colon down and leads to stasis, obstruction or volvulus. The diagnosis of this entity is very difficult as radiological studies are not conclusive. Conclusions: The mobile colon syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of right lower quadrant pain from obscure causes. A proper detailed history is a must to consider this as differential diagnosis. Laparoscopy offers diagnostic and therapeutic treatment. Colopexy provides dramatic relief in carefully selected patients.
Description of a Screening Instrument Identifying Newborn Infants with Low Level of Self-Regulation

Low level of self-regulation in newborn infants has an impact on mother infant interaction and may hinder the child’s optimal development. The objective with this study was to describe a hierarchical, conditional, global instrument for assessing the level of self-regulation in newborn infants and apply this instrument on a healthy group of optimally, healthy newborn infants.
A UK survey of rosuvastatin in general practice : reaching cholesterol targets

Data from 101 practices that had completed a survey of cholesterol target achievement using rosuvastatin in routine general practice were pooled to assess effectiveness at a national level. A total of 10,396 patients, who had total cholesterol (TC) measured prior to, and on, rosuvastatin 10 mg daily, were included in the analysis. Of these, 6,375 patients had not received a statin prior to rosuvastatin. The remainder had been switched from another statin. Significant reductions were observed in TC (28%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40%) when comparing prior to and on rosuvastatin 10 mg (p<0.001). A significantly greater proportion of patients achieved the General Medical Services (GMS) Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) target of TC ≤5 mmol/L with rosuvastatin 10 mg compared with prior to rosuvastatin (81% vs. 19%; p<0.0001). Of the 580 patients who had failed to reach target on atorvastatin 10 mg daily, 70% reached target on rosuvastatin 10 mg. Similarly, 68% of 246 patients who had failed to reach target on simvastatin 40 mg daily reached target on rosuvastatin 10 mg. General practitioners across the UK also substantially achieved other national and international cholesterol targets in patients treated with rosuvastatin 10 mg, including second line to simvastatin 40 mg and where higher doses of other statins had failed to reach target.
The Cultural Contours of Democracy: Indigenous Epistemologies Informing South African Citizenship

Drawing upon the African concept of ubuntu, this article examines the epistemic orientations toward individualsociety relations that inform democratic citizenship and identity in South Africa. Findings from focus group interviews conducted with 50 Xhosa teachers from all seven primary and intermediate schools in a township outside Cape Town depict the cultural contours of democracy and how the teachers reaffirm and question the dominant Westernoriented democratic narrative. Through ubuntu, defined as the virtue of being human premised upon respect, the Xhosa teachers interrupt the prevailing rightsandresponsibilities discourse to interpose a conception of democracy based on rights, responsibilities, and respect. Society and schools, in their view, fall short in educating young learners for democratic citizenship in South Africa; their insights offer ways for formal schooling to improve upon its democratic mission. Submit a response to this article Submit online at democracyeducationjournal.org/home Read responses to this article online http://democracyeducationjournal.org/home/vol24/iss2/5 This qualitative case study, which applies the concept of ubuntu as its main theoretical perspective, examines the ways in which South African schoolteachers in a township outside Cape Town’s city center view democracy and the role of formal schools in educating for democracy. According to Kubow (2007), ubuntu is an organizing principle in African morality: a unifying vision, spiritual foundation, and social ethic for guiding interactions, which manifests itself through indigenous practices such as conflict management, the protection of orphans, reciprocity, and social welfare, as well as through jurisprudential practices such as restorative justice. As an indigenous value system embodied in African philosophy, ubuntu comprises “a morality of compassion, Patricia K. Kubow is a professor in Educational Leadership and Policy Studies and the Department of Curriculum and Instruction at Indiana University Bloomington. Her research interests focus on the comparative study of constructions of democracy and citizenship education in SubSaharan Africa and the Middle East. Mina Min is a PhD candidate in Curriculum Studies, with a special emphasis in elementary education and teacher education, in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction at Indiana University Bloomington. Her research interests focus on culturally relevant knowledge and curriculum, teaching and learning practices, and educational policy in relation to educational reform.
TANNASE PRODUCTION FROM AGRO-WASTES AS SUBSTRATE BY TRICHODERMA VIRIDE

Research on utilization of agro waste as raw materials for the production of industrially important products are gaining importance these days. Present study was focused on exploring the abilities of laboratory isolates of Trichoderma viride to produce a value added product, tannase by utilizing agro wastes such as Guava leaves, Eucalyptus leaves ,Rice husk and Sorghum husk. In a submerged fermentation system. To achieve this goal, an in vitro investigation was carried out to assess the enzyme production by the efficient tannolytic fungus Trichoderma viride isolated from tea waste decomposed soil. Among the number of mycoflora Trichoderma viride showed maximum hydrolyzing zone for tannolytic activity, it was selected as a candidate for enzyme study. Among the different agro wastes as substrates in different concentration (1%, 2%, 3% and 4%) maximum tannase activity of 4.34±0.004 Umg protein was observed in 3% Guava leaves. The least tannase activity of 0.06±0.005 Umg protein was recorded at 1% Eucalyptus leaves.
Prevalence of HBs Antigen carriage in a population of recruits of the National Gendarmerie of Ivory Coast in 2010

Antigen HBs carriage is a major Health problem due to such severe complications as cirrhosis and liver cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Antigen HBs carriage within the recruits of the Ivorian Gendarmerie. It was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted from April 7, to September 12, 2010 at the Military Hospital of Abidjan. We included 891 male recruits whose mean age was 22.5 years [1826 years]. The prevalence of AgHBs carriage in this population of recruits was 15.6%. The prevalence of AgHBs carriage was higher in recruits aged 18 (24%), in married ones (33.3%), in those who had more than three sexual partners during the last 6 months preceding the survey (19.4%). This prevalence of AgHBs carriage was also high in recruits who had never used condom (20.6%) and those who had received blood transfusion (27%). The prevalence of HBs Ag carriage was high in the recruits of the Ivorian gendarmerie in 2010 notably in younger ones, those who had received blood transfusion and those with risky sexual behaviors.
Investigating the Effects of Sectoral Diversification of Loan and Advances on Risk and Return of Indian Commercial Banks: Post-Financial Crisis of 2008

This paper seeks to investigate the effects of sectoral diversification of loan and advances on risk and return of Indian commercial banks in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008. Forty Indian commercial banks were taken up for the study during the period 2009–2013. Using the Hirschman-Herfindhl Index (HHI) as a measure of diversification, a panel data regression analysis was performed. It is found that the sectoral diversification of loan and advances helps in reducing the bank risk while its impact on bank return was found to be inverted U-shaped.