Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Erythrocyte membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles are associated with systemic inflammation and fish consumption in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study

Objective This study aimed to assess polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status and association with systemic inflammation and fish consumption in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Parameters of PUFA status including the proportion of omega-6 and -3 fatty acids in highly unsaturated fatty acids (omega-6%, omega-3%), essential fatty acids linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the omega-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (ARA) and the sum of key omega-3 PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid (omega-3 status) were measured by gas chromatography in 68 SLE patients (88.2% female, aged 45.7±12.5 years). Associations with serum CRP, disease activity, damage and fish consumption were assessed by linear regression modelling adjusted for age, sex and body mass index. Associations are reported in terms of regression coefficients (β). Results Omega-6 PUFA were associated with higher CRP: omega-6% (β = 0.052, p = 0.02), the ratio of LA/ALA (β = 0.007, p = 0.02) and ARA (β = 0.308, p = 0.001). Conversely, omega-3% was associated with lower CRP (β = −0.051, p = 0.02). Increased dietary PUFA consumption from fish (g/day) was linked to a higher omega-3 status (β = 2.21, p = 0.02) and lower self-reported damage (Brief Index of Lupus Damage; β = −3.22, p = 0.02). Conclusions Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid status differentially reflect systemic inflammation in SLE and are linked to fish consumption.
Associations Among Childhood Household Dysfunction, Sexual Orientation, and DSM-5 Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substance Use Disorders in Adulthood: Evidence From a National U.S. Survey

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objectives: This study examined the associations between childhood household dysfunction and adulthood past-year DSM-5 alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use disorders across sexual orientation subgroups (eg, lesbian/gay, bisexual, and heterosexual). Methods: Prevalence estimates were based on National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III) data collected from structured diagnostic face-to-face interviews in a nationally representative sample of 36,309 U.S. adults. Multivariable regression was used to examine associations between childhood household dysfunction and past-year substance use disorders in adulthood. Results: Sexual minorities, particularly sexual minority women, reported higher rates of childhood household dysfunction (eg, parental/household history of substance-related problems) and adulthood DSM-5 alcohol, tobacco, and substance use disorders. Results of multivariable analyses indicated that childhood histories of parental/household substance-related problems were associated with greater odds of past-year substance use disorders among sexual minorities than heterosexuals, and that such histories may moderate differences among sexual orientation subgroups. The risk of substance use disorders among sexual minority women relative to exclusively heterosexual women (ie, heterosexual-identified women without same-sex attraction or behavior) remained high, even when accounting for household dysfunction. In contrast, there were no such differences between sexual minority men and exclusively heterosexual men. Conclusions: Sexual minorities are more likely to have childhood household dysfunction which in turn is associated with a higher risk of developing DSM-5 alcohol, tobacco, and substance use disorders in adulthood, especially among sexual minority women. Healthcare providers who care for individuals raised in dysfunctional households should carefully assess risk for substance use disorders and intervene as needed.
Clofarabine, cytarabine, and mitoxantrone in refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: High response rates and effective bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Clofarabine is active in refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this phase 2 study, we treated 18‐ to 65‐year‐old AML patients refractory to first‐line 3 + 7 daunorubicin/cytarabine induction or relapsing after 3 + 7 induction and high‐dose cytarabine consolidation, with clofarabine (30 mg/m2/d, Days 1‐5), cytarabine (750 mg/m2/d, Days 1‐5), and mitoxantrone (12 mg/m2/d, Days 3‐5) (CLAM). Patients achieving remission received up to two consolidation cycles of 50% CLAM, with eligible cases bridged to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). The mutational profile of a 69‐gene panel was evaluated. Twenty‐six men and 26 women at a median age of 46 (22‐65) years were treated. The overall response rate after the first cycle of CLAM was 90.4% (complete remission, CR: 69.2%; CR with incomplete hematologic recovery, CRi: 21.2%). Twenty‐two CR/CRi patients underwent allo‐HSCT. The 2‐year overall survival (OS), relapse‐free survival (RFS), and event‐free survival (EFS) were 65.8%, 45.7%, and 40.2%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that superior OS was associated with CR after CLAM (P = .005) and allo‐HSCT (P = .005), and superior RFS and EFS were associated with allo‐HSCT (P < .001). Remarkably, CR after CLAM and allo‐HSCT resulted in 2‐year OS of 84.3% and 90%, respectively. Karyotypic aberrations and genetic mutations did not influence responses or survivals. Grade 3/4 neutropenia/thrombocytopenia and grade 3 febrile neutropenia occurred in all cases. Other nonhematologic toxicities were mild and uncommon. There was no treatment‐related mortality and the performance of allo‐HSCT was not compromised. Clofarabine, cytarabine, and mitoxantrone was highly effective and safe in refractory/relapsed AML. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02686593).
THE STUDY "REGISTER OF PATIENTS AFTER ACUTE STROKE (REGION)". PART 2. OUTPATIENT PROSPECTIVE REGISTER OF PATIENTS AFTER ACUTE STROKE (ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF THE PILOT PHASE OF THE STUDY)

Aim. To study particularities of course and outcomes of acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA), quality of examination and medical treatment within a framework of an outpatient register. Material and methods . Two outpatient registries were organized on the base of one of Ryazan outpatient clinics within a framework of the pilot phase of the REGION study: the register of patients who had experienced ACVA of any remoteness (ACVA-AR register, n=200) and the register of patients who had visited the outpatient clinic for the first time after cerebral stroke (ACVA-FV register, n=115). Particularities of ACVA development, concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and noncardiac diseases were analyzed. We estimated accordance of methods of examination and prescribed medical treatment with clinical guidelines. Long-term outcomes were also evaluated in the course of prospective follow-up. Results. Patients of both registers had concomitant CVD (on an average 3 diagnosis) and noncardiac comorbidity (on an average 1 diagnosis). Majority of patients at the outpatient phase received inadequate treatment for cardiovascular risk decrease, especially before reference ACVA. The ACVA-FV register patients as compared to the ACVA-AR ones (who had experienced ACVA on an average 4.8 years earlier) were more often (p<0.05) examined by instrumental and laboratory methods of diagnostics during the post-stroke follow-up in outpatient settings. ACVA-FV register patients as compared to the ACVA-AR ones were also more often (p˂0.05) prescribed prognosis-modifying therapy (statins – 46.9% vs 11%, acetylsalicylic acid – 54.8% vs 28%, ACE inhibitors – 46.1% vs 29%, and anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation – 17.6% vs 2.3%, respectively). Mortality rates in the ACVA-AR and ACVA-FV registers for 2 years were 15.5% and 32.2%, respectively (p=0.005), incidence rates of myocardial infarction – 2.5% and 0%, respectively (p=0.09), recurrent ACVA – 14.5% and 11.3%, respectively, (p=0.42). Conclusion. Examination and medical treatment of the patients in the outpatient clinic were suboptimal especially before ACVA development. However examination and treatment quality had improved significantly (although insufficiently) during 5-year time span between ACVA development in the ACVA-AR and ACVA-FV registers. High mortality rate (22.7%) in the first 3 months of outpatient follow-up after ACVA is an unsolved challenge.
The Prostate

Correspondence Thorsten Derlin, MD, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl‐Neuberg‐Str 1, D‐30625 Hannover, Germany. Email: Derlin.Thorsten@mh-hannover.de Abstract Background and Aim: Corticosteroids alone or in combination therapy are associated with favorable biochemical responses in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We speculated that the intermittent addition of dexamethasone may also enhance the antitumor effect of radioligand therapy (RLT) with Lu‐prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐617. Patients and Methods: Seventy‐one patients with mCRPC were treated with 1 to 5 cycles of Lu‐PSMA‐617 (6.0‐7.4 GBq per cycle) at 6 to 8 weeks intervals. Based on the clinical decision (eg, in the case of vertebral metastases), 56% of patients received 4mg of dexamethasone for the first 5 days of each cycle. Biochemical response rates, PSA decline and progression‐free survival (PFS) were analyzed after one, three, and five cycles of RLT. Results: PSA response rates were not significantly different between patients receiving Lu‐PSMA‐617 plus dexamethasone and those receiving Lu‐PSMA‐617 alone after one, three, and five cycles (33% vs 39%, P = .62; 45% vs 45%, P = 1.0; and 38% vs 42%, P = .81). However, there was a nonsignificant trend for a more pronounced PSA decline in patients with bone metastases receiving adjunct dexamethasone (−21% ± 50% vs +11% ± 90%, P = .08; −21% ± 69% vs +22% ± 116%, P = .07; −13% ± 76% vs +32% ± 119%, P = .07). Median PFS tended to be longer in patients with bone metastases receiving Lu‐PSMA‐617 plus dexamethasone (146 vs 81 days; hazard ratio: 0.87 [95% confidence interval: 0.47‐1.61]; P = .20). Multiple regression analysis showed that age (P = .0110), alkaline phosphatase levels (P = .0380) and adjunct dexamethasone (P = .0285) were independent predictors of changes in PSA in patients with bone metastases.
Physiological and Perceptual Demands of Running on a Curved Nonmotorized Treadmill Compared With Running on a Motorized Treadmill Set at Different Grades.

Schoenmakers, PPJM, Crisell, JJ, and Reed, KE. Physiological and perceptual demands of running on a curved nonmotorized treadmill compared with running on a motorized treadmill set at different grades. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The current study compared the physiological and perceptual demands of running on a commercially available curved nonmotorized treadmill (cNMT) with different incline grades on a motorized treadmill (MT). Ten male team-sport athletes completed, after a familiarization session, a 6-minute run at a target velocity of 2.78 m·s on the cNMT (cNMTrun). The mean individual running velocity of cNMTrun was then used as warm-up and experimental running velocity in 3 subsequent visits, in which subjects ran for 6 minutes on the MT set at different grades (4, 6, or 8%). In all experimental trials (cNMTrun, 4MTrun, 6MTrun, and 8MTrun) and in the warm-up of the subjects' third visit (1MTrun), oxygen consumption (V[Combining Dot Above]O2) and heart rate (HR) were monitored, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were obtained. The HR in cNMTrun was significantly higher compared with all MT trials. V[Combining Dot Above]O2 and RPE were significantly higher in cNMTrun compared with 1MTrun and 4MTrun, but not different from 6MTrun and 8MTrun. The relationship between V[Combining Dot Above]O2 and MT grades was highly linear (V[Combining Dot Above]O2 = 34.36 + 1.7 MT grade; r = 0.99), and using linear interpolation, the concave curved design of the cNMT was estimated to mimic a 6.9 ± 3% MT grade. On matched running velocities, V[Combining Dot Above]O2 and RPE responses while running on the cNMT are similar to a 6-8% MT grade. These findings can be used as a reference value by athletes and coaches in the planning of cNMT training sessions and amend running velocities accordingly. Future studies are needed to determine whether this estimate is similar for female runners, or those of a lower body mass.
Effects of dairy products, calcium and vitamin D on ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis of twenty-nine epidemiological studies

Abstract Findings for the roles of dairy products, Ca and vitamin D on ovarian cancer risk remain controversial. We aimed to assess these associations by using an updated meta-analysis. Five electronic databases (e.g. PubMed and Embase) were searched from inception to 24 December 2019. Pooled relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI were calculated. A total of twenty-nine case–control or cohort studies were included. For comparisons of the highest v. lowest intakes, higher whole milk intake was associated with increased ovarian cancer risk (RR 1·35; 95 % CI 1·15, 1·59), whereas decreased risks were observed for higher intakes of low-fat milk (RR 0·84; 95 % CI 0·73, 0·96), dietary Ca (RR 0·71; 95 % CI 0·60, 0·84) and dietary vitamin D (RR 0·80; 95 % CI 0·67, 0·95). Additionally, for every 100 g/d increment, increased ovarian cancer risks were found for total dairy products (RR 1·03; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04) and for whole milk (RR 1·07; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·11); however, decreased risks were found for 100 g/d increased intakes of low-fat milk (RR 0·95; 95 % CI 0·91, 0·99), cheese (RR 0·87; 95 % CI 0·76, 0·98), dietary Ca (RR 0·96; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·98), total Ca (RR 0·98; 95 % CI 0·97, 0·99), dietary vitamin D (RR 0·92; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·97) and increased levels of circulating vitamin D (RR 0·84; 95 % CI 0·72, 0·97). These results show that whole milk intake might contribute to a higher ovarian cancer risk, whereas low-fat milk, dietary Ca and dietary vitamin D might reduce the risk.
Contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning among HIV-positive women: A hospital-based study.

Background For women living with HIV who do not want to become pregnant or who wish to delay pregnancy, contraception has the added public health benefit of reducing the number of infants who might acquire HIV. The unmet need for contraception must be addressed to prevent unintended pregnancies among HIV-positive women and consequently mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Objectives The objectives of this study were to assess the contraceptive usage and its various determinants and to find out the unmet need for family planning among HIV-positive women. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based study conducted among 235 HIV-positive women attending the ART center of a medical college. Data were collected using a questionnaire-containing sociodemographic details, obstetric history, treatment information, contraceptive usage, and their fertility desires. Data analysis was performed using MS Excel and the SPSS version 20.0 using frequencies, Chi-squared test, and multiple logistic regression. Results The mean (standard deviation) age of the study participants was 28.8 (5.5) years. Majority (96.6%) of them were married and were illiterate (34.4%). The prevalence of unmet need for family planning was found to be 17%, and the prevalence of consistent contraceptive use was 74.5%. The most common family planning method used by women was male condom. Not having HIV-positive children, HIV-negative partner, and discussing contraceptive with partner were observed to be significant predictor of consistent contraceptive use on multiple logistic regression. Conclusion There is a need to boost family planning counseling and address the unmet need and contraceptive use among HIV-infected women.
Advances in the role of helper T cells in autoimmune diseases

Abstract Autoimmune diseases are primary immune diseases in which autoreactive antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes destroy and damage tissue and cellular components, resulting in tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Helper T cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases under certain conditions. This review summarizes recent research on the role of helper T cells in autoimmune diseases from two aspects, helper T cell-mediated production of autoantibodies by B cells and helper T cell-induced activation of abnormal lymphocytes, and provides ideas for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The abnormal expression of helper T cells promotes the differentiation of B cells that produce autoantibodies, which leads to the development of different diseases. Among them, abnormal expression of Th2 cells and T follicular helper cells is more likely to cause antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases. In addition, abnormal activation of helper T cells also mediates autoimmune diseases through the production of abnormal cytokines and chemokines. Helper T cells play an essential role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, and a full understanding of their role in autoimmune diseases is helpful for providing ideas for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Are there differences in the biochemical profile of bilateral normal testes? A 3.0 T 1H‐MR spectroscopy study

Bilateral normal testes asymmetry represents an interesting phenomenon. The aim was to assess possible differences in the biochemical profile of bilateral normal testes by 3.0 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS). Twenty‐one men were examined with scrotal 3.0 T MRI, including a single‐voxel point‐resolved spectroscopy sequence. MR spectra were obtained by placing a volume of interest in the middle of each normal testis. Normalised metabolite concentrations, defined as ratios of the calculated metabolite concentrations relative to creatine (Cr) concentration, were compared between bilateral normal testes using Mann–Whitney U test. 1H‐MRS allowed the detection of certain testicular metabolites, including total choline, Cr, myo‐inositol, Glx, total lipids and macromolecules resonating at 0.9, 1.3 and 2.0 ppm. Normal left testis had higher median normalised concentrations of Glx (p = .002) and lactate (p = .041) compared with the normal right testis. Differences in concentrations of Glx were attributed to differences in glutamate (p = .020). Normal testes asymmetry is confirmed in this study by differences in the biochemical testicular profile, as assessed by 3.0 T 1H‐MRS. Increase in levels of glutamate and lactate in normal left testis should be correlated with changes in metabolic pathways, specifically glycometabolism and amino acid metabolism.
Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on outcomes in appendiceal cancer

The impact of using adjuvant chemotherapy following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma is not known. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy following complete cytoreduction in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma.
Erdheim-Chester disease: Consensus recommendations for the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment in the molecular era.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytosis that was recently recognized as a neoplastic disorder owing to the discovery of recurrent activating MAP-kinase (RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) pathway mutations. Typical findings of ECD include central diabetes insipidus, restrictive pericarditis, perinephric fibrosis, and sclerotic bone lesions. The histopathologic diagnosis of ECD is often challenging due to non-specific inflammatory and fibrotic findings on histopathologic review of tissue specimens. Additionally, the association of ECD with unusual tissue tropism and an insidious onset often results in diagnostic errors and delays. Most patients with ECD require treatment, except for a minority of patients with minimally symptomatic single-organ disease. The first ECD consensus guidelines were published in 2014 on behalf of the physicians and researchers within the Erdheim-Chester Disease Global Alliance. With the recent molecular discoveries and the approval of the first targeted therapy (vemurafenib) for BRAF-V600-mutant ECD, there is a need for updated clinical practice guidelines to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. This document presents consensus recommendations that resulted from the International Medical Symposia on ECD in 2017 and 2019. Herein, we include the guidelines for the clinical, laboratory, histologic, and radiographic evaluation of ECD patients along with treatment recommendations based on our clinical experience and review of literature in the molecular era.
Comparison of needle crystal and powder phosphor based CR detectors to a state-of-the art DR detector for neonatal chest imaging: a visual grading study

Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-0092 / Comparison of needle crystal and powder phosphor based CR detectors to a state-of-the art DR detector for neonatal chest imaging: a visual grading study" by: "M. -H. Smet, N. Marshall, H. Bosmans, L. Cockmartin, E. Salvagnini, E. Mussen, L. Breysem; Leuven/BE"
The Diethylcarbamazine Delays and Decreases the NETosis of Polymorphonuclear Cells of Humans with DM Type 2

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a disease that reports high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Between its complications, one of the most important is the development of plantar ulcers. The role of the polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) is affected by metabolic diseases like DM2. Fifteen years ago, reports about a new mechanism of innate immune response where PMNs generate some kind of webs with their chromatin were published. This mechanism was called NETosis. Also, some researchers have demonstrated that NETosis is responsible for the delay of the ulcer healing both in patients with DM2 and in animal models of DM2. Purified PMNs from healthy and DM2 human volunteers were incubated with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and then induced to NETosis using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). In a randomized blind study model, the NETosis was documented by confocal microscopy. On microphotographs, the area of each extracellular neutrophil trap (NET) formed at different times after stimuli with PMA was bounded, and the intensity of fluorescence (IF) from the chromatin dyed with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) was quantified. PMNs from healthy volunteers showed the development of NETs at expected times according to the literature. The same phenomenon was seen in cultures of PMNs from metabolically controlled DM2 volunteers. The use of DEC one hour before of the challenge with PMA delayed the NETosis in both groups. The semiquantitative morphometric analysis of the IF from DAPI, as a measure of PMN's capacity to forming NETs, is consistent with these results. The ANOVA test demonstrated that NETosis was lower and appeared later than expected time, both in PMNs from healthy (p ≤ 0.000001) and from DM2 (p ≤ 0.000477) volunteers. In conclusion, the DEC delays and decreases the NETosis by PMNs from healthy as well as DM2 people.