Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Pigtail Catheter Drainage in the Management of Liver Abscess – A Retrospective Analysis

Introduction – Liver abscess (especially amoebic) is an important health concern in tropical countries. Effective management of liver abscess included appropriate antibiotics and drainage of abscess cavity. Percutaneous abscess drainage by pigtail catherization is now gaining popularity. We analysed the role of pigtail catheter drainage in the treatment of liver abscess.Method and Material – This was a retrospective analytical study conducted in a tertiary care center in western India. Data of total 64 patients admitted with diagnosis of liver abscess were analyzed. To find the effectiveness of treatment data were analyzed in three groups based on treatment strategies, Group A (Conservative treatment), Group B (Percutaneous needle aspiration) and Group C (Pigtail catheter drainage). Results – A total of 64 patients of liver abscess were analyzed. There was male predominance (93.75%). Mean abscess volume in Group C (307.9 ± 212.8 ml) was significantly higher when compared to Group A (130.8 ± 72.9 ml, p = 0.03) and Group B (177.2 ± 129.5; p = 0.024). Duration of hospital stay and residual abscess volume at the time of discharge did not show statistically significant difference between treatment groups. Pigtail catheterization of abscess with volume >150ml shortened the hospital stay, whereas it prolonged the hospital stay in patients with abscess volume <150ml.Conclusion - Percutaneous pigtail catherization would be an operative decision for management of liver abscess. We concluded that use of pigtail catherization of patients with abscess volume > 150ml improved the clinical outcome.
Investigating the behaviour of sovereign risk for Eurozone countries

ABSTRACT The article examines the determinants of sovereign risk for European Monetary Union countries taking into consideration the global financial crisis, which emerged as a sovereign debt crisis in Europe. Using CDS prices, as a proxy of sovereign risk, this study finds that bond yields, equity prices and exchange rate are the key drivers of CDS prices. Moreover, our findings support models with dynamic components and regional effects between core and peripheral Eurozone countries, providing evidence of major differences in risk evaluation.
Exploring the effectiveness of emotional and rational user-generated contents in digital tourism platforms

User-generated content (UGC) is one of the most important notions that influences tourists’ decision-making. However, the nature of UGC is still underexplored in the literature. The present study aimed to examine the impact of two different forms of UGC (i.e., emotional and rational) on tourists’ perceived values and their subsequent behavioural responses. Using the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model, the two forms of UGC were conceptualised as informational stimuli, while tourists’ overall value assessment (i.e., perceived values, including emotional, functional, relational, and entitativity values) of the utility of tourism activities in the tourism platform were conceptualised as organisms. Tourists’ behavioural responses were demonstrated by impulse buying and future purchase intention. Data from 538 respondents were collected using online survey and analysed using PLS-SEM. The results revealed that both emotional and rational UGC have a significant impact on tourists’ perceived values, which in turn strengthen impulse buying and future purchase intention. This study not only contributes to the tourism marketing literature by empirically examining the impacts of two forms of UGC on tourists’ organisms and responses, but also provides meaningful insights for tourism marketers to facilitate UGC to drive tourists’ perceived values and their subsequent behaviour.
Test cases for grid-based direct kinetic modeling of plasma flows

Grid-based kinetic models are promising in that the numerical noise inherent in particle-based methods is essentially eliminated. Here, we call such grid-based techniques a direct kinetic (DK) model. Velocity distribution functions are directly obtained by solving kinetic equations, such as the Vlasov equation, in discretized phase space, i.e., both physical and velocity space. In solving the kinetic equations that are hyperbolic partial differential equations, we employ a conservative, positivity-preserving numerical scheme, which is necessary for robust calculations of problems particularly including ionization. Test cases described in this paper include plasma sheaths with electron emission and injection and expansion of neutral atom flow in a two-dimensional configuration. A unifying kinetic theory of space charge limited sheaths for both floating and conducting surfaces is presented. The improved theory is verified using the collisionless DK simulation, particularly for small sheath potentials that particle-based kinetic simulations may struggle due to statistical noise. For benchmarking of the grid-based and particle-based kinetic simulations, hybrid simulations of Hall thruster discharge plasma are performed. While numerical diffusion occurs in the phase space in the DK simulation, ionization oscillations are well resolved since ionization events can be taken into account deterministically at every time step.
Distress and Resilience in Days of COVID-19: International Study of Samples from Israel, Brazil, and the Philippines

We compared three types of resilience (individual, community, and national resilience), two indicators of distress (sense of danger and distress symptoms) and wellbeing, among samples from Israel, Brazil, and the Philippines, during the “first-wave” of COVID-19 pandemic. Though significant differences were found among the samples regarding all variables, similarities were also emerged. Individual resilience and wellbeing negatively predicted distress symptoms in each sample, and women of all samples reported higher level of distress-symptoms compared with men. The differences between the samples are presented and discussed. Understanding the similarities and the differences, between these cultures, may help developing efficient countermeasures tailored to each country. This knowledge may promote efficient health policy to foster people’s ability to cope with the hardship and to prevent future psychological and health implications.
Board Diversity and Monitoring: An Investigation of Gender and Task-Related Diversity

Abstract The boards of directors of state-owned enterprises and state institutions in South Korea is the subject of this research. These boards have not received significant attention in previous studies, despite their distinctive features and control role. The focus is on gender diversity with reference to task-related variables such as insider/outsider, tenure, and occupation. The extent of the board’s monitoring was measured following the rates of revision and rejection of management plans in the board’s minutes. The idea is to assess decision-making as a measure of the effectiveness of the boards. Based on longitudinal data on state-owned enterprises and state institutions in South Korea, gender diversity was positively associated with the extent of the board’s monitoring. Understanding of the positive impact of gender diversity was enhanced with the inclusion of task-related diversity variables in the model. Tenure and occupation diversity were positively associated with the extent of the board’s monitoring. It is proposed that the various diversity factors specific to organizational context be examined to improve understanding of diversity.
Linking the representation levels to a physical separation and purification method in chemistry: Understanding of distillation experiment

The present investigation aims to analyze the knowledge levels and chemical representation levels of pre-service primary school teachers (PPSTs) on the experiment of distillation. For this purpose, the cross-sectional survey technique, one of the quantitative research designs was employed. The study was carried out at a Faculty of Education in the Aegean Region of Turkey with 79 freshman pre-service teachers enrolled in the Department of Primary Education. This group is of particular interest as they are the last class who had taken the General Chemistry course since this course was removed from the curriculum in 2018. A Distillation Experiment Worksheet (DEW), which consisted of 9 open-ended questions involving the macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic representations was used as data collection instrument in the study. The worksheets were analyzed with the document analysis method according to the categories created within the scope of the chemical representation levels, and these categories were established in line with direct statements of the PPSTs. Results indicated that PPSTs confused the heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures, physical properties such as volatility and density, and they were unable to differentiate between boiling and evaporation. The most crucial result of the study was that the PPSTs had difficulties in establishing a relationship between macroscopic and sub-microscopic representations. For this reason, they could not demonstrate the interactions between solvent and solute molecules at the sub-microscopic level during molecular dissolution and they could not predict how the intermolecular interaction changes during the condensation and the distance between the particles. Based on the results of this analysis, our study provides several recommendations for lecturers in the last part of this paper.
Foot Arch and Plantar Pressure in the Age of 17-21 Years

Research on the plantar segment has not been widely carried out in Indonesia’s population, even though the plantar segment data will be essential in further research and therapy of plantar-related problems. Therefore, this research intends to describe the plantar profile: the foot arch and the plantar pressure difference between the right and left foot. This research applied a cross-sectional study. Subjects were recruited from the Faculty of Medicine students, Universitas Indonesia, class 2012, with inclusion criteria aged 17-21 years and normal gait. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria consisted of having postural abnormalities, a history of neuromusculoskeletal disorders in the lower limbs, a history of fractures in the spine and legs, a history of surgery on the spine and legs, and refusing to participate in the study. Research subjects stood on a plantar scanner, conducted at the Anatomy Laboratory, the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. The Mann-Whitney test was then used to analyze the difference in plantar pressure between the right and left foot. The results revealed that a hundred research subjects had a proportion of a low foot arch of 4%, a normal foot arch of 89%, and a high foot arch of 7%. The median right plantar pressure was 273.5 KPa, while the median left plantar pressure was 253.5 KPa. The Mann-Whitney test showed a p-value of 0.954 for the pressure difference between right and left foot. There was no plantar pressure difference between the right and left foot.
Structure and tree species composition of forest fringe of a forest fragment in an oil palm plantation at Suai, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Abstract. Jana CL, Jusoh I. 2021. Structure and Tree Species Composition of Forest Fringe of A Forest Fragment in an Oil Palm Plantation at Suai, Sarawak, Malaysian Borne. Biodiversitas 22: 3013-3019. Forest fragments in oil palm plantations are remnants of the original forest tract with various sizes and shapes after clearing forested lands for crops and roads. Fragmented forests usually created forest fringe or edge habitats that differ in light intensity, temperature, humidity, heavy rainfall, and strong winds from its core. The study was aimed to determine the structure and tree species composition of the forest fringe of a fragmented forest in an oil palm plantation Suai, Sarawak. This study established a total of 24 sampling plots within the forest fringe. Tree enumeration and species identification were conducted in all sampling plots to all trees with a diameter at breast height 5 cm and higher. A total of 59 families comprised of 274 species and 948 trees individuals were recorded. The aboveground biomass stand at 260 Mg ha? ¹. Species Elateriospermum tapos was predominant, and family Dipterocarpaceace dominated the forest fringe. Based on the calculated indices, species diversity and richness were considered high, while the dispersion of individual trees was random but unevenly distributed. Natural regeneration in the forest fringe is sustainable. The forest structure and species composition are intact, and without significant disturbance, the whole forest fragment is self-sustain.
French as a Heritage Language in Germany

Research on child heritage speakers (HSs) has shown successful language acquisition, comparable to monolinguals, whereas research on adult HSs often claims incomplete acquisition. This seems to be an evident contradiction in the current state of research, which may be explained by a possible language shift during adolescence or adulthood, but which does not necessarily have to be equated with a lack of competence. In an overview of the existing studies on child and adult HSs of French in Germany, we show that HSs are not incomplete acquirers of French and we suggest theoretical and practical implications following these findings. Our aim is to show, first, that HSs of French in Germany are not unanimously disadvantaged compared with French speakers in countries where French is a majority language, and second, that complete acquisition is independent of language dominance, a notion that has received particular attention in studies on multilingual and HL acquisition.
Effects of Domestic and Wild Ungulate Management on Young Oak Size and Architecture

Scattered oaks in traditional silvopastoral systems (i.e., “dehesas”) provide important ecological services. However, livestock intensification applied to these systems over the last century has affected the architecture of young oak plants. This unsuitable rangeland management practice jeopardizes the long-term system sustainability. Here we examine the alterations in architecture of regenerating oak plants in Mediterranean dehesas under three representative management regimes: (1) traditional management with extensive sheep grazing; (2) commercially driven management with extensive cattle grazing, and (3) native deer grazing at moderate stocking rates (<0.11 livestock units × ha−1). Plant architecture was considerably altered in cattle-grazed “dehesas”, finding a 50% reduction in plant height–diameter ratios, compared to sheep-grazed dehesas where plants with higher height–diameter ratios predominated. Young oak plants, however, showed less altered architecture and less probability of damage on shoot apex (0.20-fold difference) in areas with deer grazing at moderate stocking rates. In addition, those young oak plants with multi-stemmed individual architecture were more stunted (lower values of crown height–diameter ratio) in areas with livestock grazing than wildlife areas (0.78-fold difference). Shrub presence, under all management schemes, helped to increase in plant height, except when shrubs were located under tree canopies. Conversely, plants without shrub protection showed stunted architecture with well-developed basal diameters but short stature. Appropriate sustainable practices should include cattle stocking rate reduction, traditional sheep grazing promotion, nurse shrub preservation and fencing stunted individuals along with pruning basal sprouts. Our study indicates that management may have important consequences on dehesa regeneration via alterations of plant architecture and therefore on system sustainability.
Aktualisasi nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi melalui pelokalan kebijakan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) di daerah

Penegakan hak asasi manusia (HAM) salah satunya dilakukan melalui pemenuhan hak-hak dasar manusia. Upaya pemenuhan hak-hak dasar manusia di daerah ini turut menjadi perhatian dari pemerintah pusat melalui program Kabupaten/Kota Peduli Hak Asasi Manusia (KKP HAM) yang dilaksanakan oleh Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia (Kemenkumham). Namun sayangnya, hanya 59 persen dari total kabupaten/kota di Indonesia yang dinyatakan peduli terhadap HAM. Tentu kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa penegakan HAM masih belum merata di setiap daerah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu memberikan telaah terkait perwujudan nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi dalam penegakan HAM yakni melalui pelokalan kebijakan HAM di daerah yang selama ini belum optimal dan belum melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat secara menyeluruh. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Dari hasil penelitian mengetengahkan suatu konsepsi terkait penegakan HAM yang tidak boleh terpisahkan dari nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi. Aktualisasi nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi dapat dikatakan merupakan ruh dalam penegakan HAM. Karena berhasil tidaknya suatu penegakan HAM sangat bergantung dari sejauh mana nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi dilaksanakan dalam tertib kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Sehingga dalam konteks aktualisasi nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi melalui pelokalan kebijakan HAM di daerah, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terkait upaya penghormatan dan kepedulian terhadap HAM.
High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica)

In this work, we present chemical stratigraphies of two sampling lines collected within a 4 m depth snow pit dug in Dome C during the Antarctic summer Campaign 2017/2018, 12 years after the last reported snow pit. The first sampling line was analyzed for nine anionic and cationic species using Ion Chromatography (IC); the second sampling line was analyzed for seven major elements in an innovative way with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after sample pre-concentration, allowing the study of deposition processes of new markers especially related to crustal source. This coupled analysis, besides confirming previous studies, allowed us to investigate the depositions of the last decades at Dome C, enriching the number of the detected chemical markers, and yielding these two techniques complementary for the study of different markers in this kind of matrix. As a result of the dating, the snow layers analyzed covered the last 50 years of snow depositions. The assessment of the accumulation rate, estimated about 9 cm yr−1, was accomplished only for the period 1992–2016, as the eruption of 1992 constituted the only tie-point found in nssSO42− depth profile. Na, the reliable sea salt marker, together with Mg and Sr, mainly arose from marine sources, whereas Ca, Al and Fe originated from crustal inputs. Post-depositional processes occurred on Cl− as well as on NO3− and methanesulfonic acid (MSA); compared to the latter, Cl− had a more gradual decrease, reporting a threshold at 2.5 m for the post-depositional process completion. For NO3− and MSA, instead, the threshold was shallower, at about 1 m depth, with a loss of 87% for NO3− and of 50% for MSA.
Interannual Variability of Stormy Day Over Turkey

The effects of climate variability are seen in many areas of the globe. In addition to the changes experienced in climates for many years, the variability in climate elements due to the effects of climate change in recent years is critical. In this study, spatial and temporal changes of the year to year experienced variability and trends in storm records in Turkey were examined. Also, atmospheric teleconnections that control storm frequency were examined within the scope of the study. According to the results of the study, significant reductions in recent years in the frequency of storm events are being experienced across Turkey. Stormy days show statistically significant upward trends in the interior and eastern half of Turkey. All coastal regions of Turkey, especially the western coasts and terrestrial areas in the eastern parts of the Mediterranean region experienced statistically significant downward trends. In Turkey, the NAO’s activity on the number of stormy days is quite evident in winter. NCP and frequency of storms is characterized by significant positive correlations in eastern Turkey. When evaluating the relationships between Turkey’s storm frequency and Atmospheric oscillations, one can say that NAO and AO are atmospheric oscillation indices that best explain storm frequency across the country.
The Emotional Impact of Unfulfilled Career Aspirations for Stay-at-Home Mothers in Australia

Australia has a relatively high proportion of stay-at-home mothers, despite most young women aspiring to combine motherhood with paid work. Using two waves of quantitative data from the 1973–1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health, and interviews with a subsample of stay-at-home mothers, we aimed to understand the role of agency in women’s work–family outcomes and the impact upon their well-being. More than four out of five stay-at-home mothers (83%) had previously aspired to combine motherhood with paid work. There were no differences in mental health scores of stay-at-home mothers according to prior work aspirations. However, stay-at-home mothers had marginally lower life satisfaction, and were more dissatisfied with the progress of their career when they had previously aspired to paid work, compared with unpaid work. Although women described their current situation as a ‘choice’, their choices were deeply embedded within gendered, social and economic contexts.
Assessing thermal neutral zones in Sri Lanka for ten different dairy cattle breeds and crosses: An approach using temperature humidity index (THI)

The magnitude of heat stress in dairy cattle is assessed using temperature humidity index (THI) widely in the world. The present study was conducted to assess the appropriateness of incorporating THI in recommending dairy cattle breeds to different areas of Sri Lanka. The study considered 10 different cattle genotypes commonly reared for milk production in the country. Daily THI values were computed by employing a thermal model, THI = Tdb - [0.55 - (0.55 × RH/100)] × (Tdb - 58) using data collected from 26 meteorological stations from 2005-2014. The THI values for different regions and the threshold THI values for milk production of 10 genotypes were used to produce THI maps. Among the crosses, Jersey crossbreds, except Jersey × Friesian cross, showed a high coping ability with comparatively high milk production capacity. Local cattle were not affected within the THI range observed in the country. THI based recommendation for distribution of dairy cattle could be made by identifying the variation of coping ability of cattle genotype and minimizing the vulnerability to climate change. Therefore, costly management interventions needed to mitigate the heat stress and related low productivity of dairy cattle under smallholder production systems could be abated. Key words: Climate change, dairy cattle breeds, heat stress.