Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear instability of scalar fields on extremal black holes

We prove a new type of finite time blow-up for a class of semilinear wave equations on extremal black holes. The initial data can be taken to be arbitrarily close to the trivial data. The first singularity occurs along the (degenerate) future event horizon. No analogue of this instability occurs for subextremal black holes or the Minkowski spacetime.
The Factors Influencing Chinese University Teachers’ Intentions for Using the Micro-Lecture in the Post COVID-19 Era

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a far-reaching influence on higher education and the teaching activities of teachers in Chinese universities. The intentions of teachers in universities for using the micro-lecture, one of the educational informationization products, and the influencing factors of the intentions for using micro-lectures, are changing in the post COVID-19 era. This paper, based on the Technical Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), constructed the research hypotheses for the influence factors of micro-lecture usage intentions of teachers in universities in the post COVID-19 era, and made corresponding verifications through the Structural Equation Model (SEM). As shown by the results therefrom: (1) the micro-lecture usage experience before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the usage intentions of teachers in universities; (2) the perceived usefulness influenced the usage intention directly, but the perceived ease of use did not directly produce influence; (3) policy impact had no significant influence on the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use of university teachers for micro-lecture use; (4) social relations and personal innovativeness have significant impacts on perceived usefulness, teaching objectives and micro-lecture characteristics have significant impacts on the perceived ease of use. In this paper, suggestions and opinions on popularizing micro-lecture usage in the post COVID-19 era were put forward on the basis of research conclusions therein.
Secretion pattern of canine amniotic stem cells derived extracellular vesicles

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells (SCs) have regenerative potential and the possibility of being used in treating chronic diseases. EVs present lower risk of tumorigenicity and easily to isolation and storage. Therefore, this research aims to compare the morphological characteristics of the EVs (up to 150nm) derived from stem cells obtained from canine amniotic membranes in different passages during the in vitro culture. For this, cells from the amniotic membranes were isolated, cultured, and characterized. In order to answer our aim, the number of cells was normalized at each passage to generate conditioned media for EVs separation. The cells were differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic tissue, to characterize these cells as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Moreover, flow cytometry analysis was performed and showed that the MSC were positive for CD90, CD105 and negative for CD34, CD45, mesenchymal and hematopoietic markers, respectively. For EVs analysis, MSC in different passages (P0-P2) were culture until 80% of confluence, then the medium was replaced by EVs depleted medium. After 48h, culture medium was collected and centrifuged to separate EVs, followed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. The EVs were also characterized by western blot and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). EVs were positive for Alix and negative for Cytochrome C as well as presented the traditional cup-shape by transmission electronic microscopy. Our results demonstrated that the concentration in the different passages was increased in P0 compared to P1 and P2 (p<0.05). No differences were found in EVs size (P0=132nm, P1=130nm and P2=120nm). Together, these results demonstrate that P0 of MSC is enriched of EVs when compared to later passages, suggesting that this passage would be the best to be applied in pre-clinical tests. Despite that, more studies are necessary to identify the EVs content and how the cells will respond to treatment with them.
Variational Formula for the Time Constant of First‐Passage Percolation

We consider first‐passage percolation with positive, stationary‐ergodic weights on the square lattice ℤd. Let T(x) be the first‐passage time from the origin to a point x in ℤd. The convergence of the scaled first‐passage time T([nx])/n to the time constant as n → ∞ can be viewed as a problem of homogenization for a discrete Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman (HJB) equation. We derive an exact variational formula for the time constant and construct an explicit iteration that produces a minimizer of the variational formula (under a symmetry assumption). We explicitly identify when the iteration produces correctors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Study of the Radiation Tolerance and Timing Properties of 3D Diamond Detectors

We present a study on the radiation tolerance and timing properties of 3D diamond detectors fabricated by laser engineering on synthetic Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) plates. We evaluated the radiation hardness of the sensors using Charge Collection Efficiency (CCE) measurements after neutron fluences up to 1016 n/cm2 (1 MeV equivalent.) The radiation tolerance is significantly higher when moving from standard planar architecture to 3D architecture and increases with the increasing density of the columnar electrodes. Also, the maximum applicable bias voltage before electric breakdown increases significantly after high fluence irradiation, possibly due to the passivation of defects. The experimental analysis allowed us to predict the performance of the devices at higher fluence levels, well in the range of 1016 n/cm2. We summarize the recent results on the time resolution measurements of our test sensors after optimization of the laser fabrication process and outline future activity in developing pixel tracking systems for high luminosity particle physics experiments.
Zinc’s Association with the CmPn/CmP Signaling Network in Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis

It is well-known that serum and cellular concentrations of zinc are altered in breast cancer patients. Specifically, there are notable zinc hyper-aggregates in breast tumor cells when compared to normal mammary epithelial cells. However, the mechanisms responsible for zinc accumulation and the consequences of zinc dysregulation are poorly understood. In this review, we detailed cellular zinc regulation/dysregulation under the influence of varying levels of sex steroids and breast cancer tumorigenesis to try to better understand the intricate relationship between these factors based on our current understanding of the CmPn/CmP signaling network. We also made some efforts to propose a relationship between zinc signaling and the CmPn/CmP signaling network.
Temperature Effects on Effluent Microgel Formation

Wastewater treatment plant effluent is considered an important hotspot of dissolved organic matter. The behavior and transformation of dissolved effluent organic matter (dEfOM) regulate particle sedimentation, pollutant fate, microbial attachment, and biofilm formation. However, studies have so far focused on the transformation of marine and riverine organic matter, and the current knowledge of dEfOM behavior is still limited. Fluctuations in water conditions, especially temperature, may directly alter the size, assembly speed, and structure of microgels, thereby potentially disturbing fate and the transportation of organic matter. In this study, we firstly investigated the effects of temperature on the behavior and capacity of dEfOM assembly into microgels and the possible mechanism. The microgel size and granularity of dEfOM were monitored by flow cytometry. Our results suggest that, with regard to microgels, a higher temperature leads to a higher assembly capacity but also a decrease in the size distribution. By contrast, assembly at 4 °C reduces the relative assembly capacity but increases the microgel size and granularity. The size distribution of the formed microgels at the various temperatures was ordered as follows: 4 °C > 20 °C > 35 °C. The size reduction in dEfOM assembly may be closely tied to the enhancement of hydrophobic interactions. The reduction in microgel granularity in warm conditions (35 °C) in terms of the effluent water may be caused by thermally induced condensation. Overall, the findings demonstrate the effects of temperature on dEfOM assembly and can facilitate further relevant studies on aquatic organic particle formation during current global warming scenarios.
Set-theoretic mereology

We consider a set-theoretic version of mereology based on the inclusion relation $\subseteq$ and analyze how well it might serve as a foundation of mathematics. After establishing the non-definability of $\in$ from $\subseteq$, we identify the natural axioms for $\subseteq$-based mereology, which constitute a finitely axiomatizable, complete, decidable theory. Ultimately, for these reasons, we conclude that this form of set-theoretic mereology cannot by itself serve as a foundation of mathematics. Meanwhile, augmented forms of set-theoretic mereology, such as that obtained by adding the singleton operator, are foundationally robust.
Hypergeometric Functions and Relations to Dwork Hypersurfaces

We give an expression for number of points for the family of Dwork K3 surfaces $$X_{\lambda}^4: \hspace{. 1in} x_1^4+x_2^4+x_3^4+x_4^4=4\lambda x_1x_2x_3x_4$$ over finite fields of order $q\equiv 1\pmod 4$ in terms of Greene's finite field hypergeometric functions. We also develop hypergeometric point count formulas for all odd primes using McCarthy's $p$-adic hypergeometric function. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between certain period integrals of these surfaces and the trace of Frobenius over finite fields. We extend this work to higher dimensional Dwork hypersurfaces.
Birational Self-maps and Piecewise Algebraic Geometry

Let X be a smooth projective complex variety, of di- mension 3, whose Hodge numbers h 3,0 (X) ,h 1,0 (X) both vanish. Let f : X ��� X be a birational map that induces an isomorphism U ∼ V on (dense) open subvarieties U, V of X. Then we show that the com- plex varieties (X \ U)red, (X \ V )red are piecewise isomorphic.
Vanishing dissipation limit for the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system

We consider the motion of a compressible, viscous, and heat conducting fluid in the regime of small viscosity and heat conductivity. It is shown that weak solutions of the associated Navier- Stokes-Fourier system converge to a (strong) solution of the Euler system on its life span. The problem is studied in a bounded domain in the three dimensional Euclidean space, on the boundary of which the velocity field satisfies the complete slip boundary conditions.
Exploring antecedents and consequences of tourists’ perceived relationship investment from new perspectives in the tour group context

ABSTRACT This study attempts to emphasize perceived relationship investment (PRI) in the tour group context and broaden its antecedents and consequences from new perspectives. Specifically, it explores how tour guides’ appropriate humor (TGAH) influences tourists’ PRI through service quality perception and how tourists’ PRI enhances tourist citizenship behavior (TCB) through tourist trust. Structural equation modeling is applied to analyze 352 questionnaires collected from tour group tourists. Findings indicate that TGAH is positively associated with tourists’ PRI and tourists’ PRI can foster TCB. Additionally, findings support the partial mediating role of service quality perception between TGAH and tourists’ PRI and that of tourist trust between tourists’ PRI and TCB. These findings theoretically advance the PRI literature by enriching its drivers from a novel insight into the humor usage of tour guides and extending its outcomes to the extra-role actions of tourists. Practical implications can help tour guides to enhance tourists’ PRI and TCB.
Conserved energies for the cubic NLS in 1-d

We consider the cubic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLS) as well as the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation in one space dimension. We prove that for each s > − 1 2 there exists a conserved energy which is equivalent to the H norm of the solution. For the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation there is a similar conserved energy for every s ≥ −1.
Comparison of the Virulence of Korean African Swine Fever Isolates from Pig Farms during 2019–2021

African swine fever (ASF) was first reported in South Korea in September 2019, and as of 31 December 2021, a total of 21 cases in domestic pig farms and 1875 ASFV-infected wild boars have been confirmed in the country. With the continued circulation of ASF in wild boars, and subsequent outbreaks in domestic pigs, concerns were raised about the possible changes in virulence occurring among African swine fever viruses (ASFV) circulating in South Korea. In this study, four Korean ASFV strains isolated from domestic pig farms at different time points between 2019 and 2021 were chosen, and used to experimentally infect domestic pigs by intramuscular inoculation to compare their virulence. All challenged pigs died at 4–9 days post-inoculation, with many showing clinical symptoms of fever, depression, loss of appetite, and recumbency. Gross lesions observed at necropsy included enlargement and hemorrhage of the lymph nodes and hydropericardium. The study showed that all four Korean ASFV isolates caused acute forms of illness, which supports the view that virulence among the circulating ASFV isolates in South Korea remained unchanged and highly virulent during this period.
Pulmonary and Functional Rehabilitation Improves Functional Capacity, Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Post COVID-19 Patients: Pilot Clinical Trial

Background: Patients affected by COVID-19 may develop an impaired lung function, with reduced lung capacities and volumes, respiratory muscle weakness, changes in radiographic and tomographic findings, limitations in exercising, decreased functional capacity, depression, anxiety and reduced quality of life. Thus, we aimed to analyze the effects of a pulmonary and functional rehabilitation program on the functional capacity, lung function and respiratory muscle strength in patients who were affected by COVID-19 syndrome. Methods: This is a pilot clinical trial, composed of post-COVID-19 patients with mild, moderate or severe involvement, in which, they underwent a pulmonary and functional rehabilitation program. Patients were evaluated for functional capacity by the 6 min walk test, pulmonary function by spirometry, respiratory muscle strength by manovacuometry, handgrip strength by dynamometry, quality of life by the COPD Assessment Test and functional status by the PCFS. After the initial assessments, the patients performed the rehabilitation protocol in 16 sessions (inspiratory muscle training, aerobic exercise and peripheral muscle strength) and, at the end, they were evaluated again. Results: A total of 29 patients completed the program (12.7 ± 2.7 sessions). The functional capacity increased in meters walked from 326.3 ± 140.6 to 445.4 ± 151.1 (p < 0.001), with an increase in the predicted value from 59.7% to 82.6% (p < 0.001). The lung function increased in liters from 2.9 ± 0.8 to 3.2 ± 0.8 (p = 0.004) for forced vital capacity and from 2.5 ± 0.7 to 2.7 ± 0.7 (p = 0.001) for forced expiratory volume in the first second. The respiratory muscle strength increased in cmH2O from 101.4 ± 46.3 to 115.8 ± 38.3 (p = 0.117) for inspiratory pressure and from 85.8 ± 32.8 to 106.7 ± 36.8 (p < 0.001) for expiratory pressure. Conclusions: The pulmonary and functional rehabilitation program provided an improvement in the functional capacity, pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in post-COVID-19 patients, restoring their quality of life.
Novel Alligator Cathelicidin As-CATH8 Demonstrates Anti-Infective Activity against Clinically Relevant and Crocodylian Bacterial Pathogens

Host defense peptides (HDPs) represent an alternative way to address the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Crocodylians are interesting species for the study of these molecules because of their potent immune system, which confers high resistance to infection. Profile hidden Markov models were used to screen the genomes of four crocodylian species for encoded cathelicidins and eighteen novel sequences were identified. Synthetic cathelicidins showed broad spectrum antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against several clinically important antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In particular, the As-CATH8 cathelicidin showed potent in vitro activity profiles similar to the last-resort antibiotics vancomycin and polymyxin B. In addition, As-CATH8 demonstrated rapid killing of planktonic and biofilm cells, which correlated with its ability to cause cytoplasmic membrane depolarization and permeabilization as well as binding to DNA. As-CATH8 displayed greater antibiofilm activity than the human cathelicidin LL-37 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a human organoid model of biofilm skin infection. Furthermore, As-CATH8 demonstrated strong antibacterial effects in a murine abscess model of high-density bacterial infections against clinical isolates of S. aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii, two of the most common bacterial species causing skin infections globally. Overall, this work expands the repertoire of cathelicidin peptides known in crocodylians, including one with considerable therapeutic promise for treating common skin infections.
On non-abelian extensions of Leibniz algebras

ABSTRACT In this paper, we study non-abelian extensions of Leibniz algebras using two different approaches. First we construct two Leibniz 2-algebras using biderivations of Leibniz algebras and show that under a condition on centers, a non-abelian extension of Leibniz algebras can be described by a Leibniz 2-algebra morphism. Furthermore, under this condition, non-abelian extensions are classified by homotopy classes of Leibniz 2-algebra morphisms. Then we give a description of non-abelian extensions of Leibniz algebras in terms of Maurer-Cartan elements in a differential graded Lie algebra.
Predictions for deep galaxy surveys with JWST from ΛCDM.

We present predictions for the outcome of deep galaxy surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) obtained from a physical model of galaxy formation in Lambda cold dark matter. We use the latest version of the GALFORM model, embedded within a new(800 Mpc)(3) dark matter only simulation with a halo mass resolution of M-halo > 2 x 10(9) h(-1) M circle dot. For computing full UV-to-mm galaxy spectral energy distributions, including the absorption and emission of radiation by dust, we use the spectrophotometric radiative transfer code GRASIL. The model is calibrated to reproduce a broad range of observational data at z less than or similar to 6, and we show here that it can also predict evolution of the rest-frame far-UV luminosity function for 7 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 10 which is in good agreement with observations. We make predictions for the evolution of the luminosity function from z = 16 to z = 0 in all broad-band filters on the Near InfraRed Camera (NIRCam) and Mid InfraRed Instrument (MIRI) on JWST and present the resulting galaxy number counts and redshift distributions. Our fiducial model predicts that similar to 1 galaxy per field of view will be observable at z similar to 11 for a 10(4) s exposure with NIRCam. A variant model, which produces a higher redshift of reionization in better agreement with Planck data, predicts number densities of observable galaxies similar to 5 x greater at this redshift. Similar observations with MIRI are predicted not to detect any galaxies at z greater than or similar to 6. We also make predictions for the effect of different exposure times on the redshift distributions of galaxies observable with JWST, and for the angular sizes of galaxies in JWST bands.
Chromosome Inequality: Causes and Consequences of Non-Random Segregation Errors in Mitosis and Meiosis

Aneuploidy is a hallmark of cancer and a major cause of miscarriages in humans. It is caused by chromosome segregation errors during cell divisions. Evidence is mounting that the probability of specific chromosomes undergoing a segregation error is non-random. In other words, some chromosomes have a higher chance of contributing to aneuploid karyotypes than others. This could have important implications for the origins of recurrent aneuploidy patterns in cancer and developing embryos. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the prevalence and causes of non-random chromosome segregation errors in mammalian mitosis and meiosis. We evaluate its potential impact on cancer and human reproduction and discuss possible research avenues.
Ergodicity of the Action of K* on

Connes gave a spectral interpretation of the critical zeros of zeta- and L-functions for a global field K using a space of square integrable functions on the space A_K/K* of adele classes. It is known that for K=Q the space A_K/K* cannot be understood classically, or in other words, the action of Q* on A_Q is ergodic. We prove that the same is true for any global field K, in both the number field and function field cases.
SYLLOGISTIC LOGIC WITH CARDINALITY COMPARISONS, ON INFINITE SETS

Abstract This article enlarges classical syllogistic logic with assertions having to do with comparisons between the sizes of sets. So it concerns a logical system whose sentences are of the following forms: All x are y and Some x are y, There are at least as many x as y, and There are more x than y. Here x and y range over subsets (not elements) of a given infinite set. Moreover, x and y may appear complemented (i.e., as $\bar{x}$ and $\bar{y}$), with the natural meaning. We formulate a logic for our language that is based on the classical syllogistic. The main result is a soundness/completeness theorem. There are efficient algorithms for proof search and model construction.