Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Authentication of organic Lampung robusta ground roasted coffee by UV-visible spectroscopy and PLS-DA method

In this research, a potential application of UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) method to discriminate Lampung robusta coffee with different fertilizer treatment was evaluated. The fully red ripened coffee beans were selectively harvested by hand from coffee plantation located in Lampung Barat of Lampung province from two different fertilizer treatments: chemically fertilized and organically fertilized. A number of 200 ground roasted coffee samples of each treatment (1 gram of each samples) was used as samples, respectively. The all coffee samples were extracted using hot distilled water. The aqueous coffee samples were pipetted into 10 mm of cuvette and the spectral data was obtained using a UV-Vis spectrometer in the range of 190-1100 nm. Principal component analysis (PCA) and PLS-DA method was used as unsupervised and supervised classification methods to discriminate the organic and non-organic coffee. The results showed that using the first two principal components (PCs), a clear separation between organic and non-organic coffee samples was achieved using modified spectral data in the range of 230-450 nm. The classification of organic and non-organic coffee using PLS-DA method resulted in high accuracy both for calibration and prediction steps. The overall result showed that UV-visible spectroscopy combined with PLS-DA method could be used as a low-cost, relative fast and green method to discriminate between organic and non-organic Lampung robusta ground roasted coffee.
Green machining for the dry milling process of stainless steel 304

Dry machining represents an eco-friendly method that reduces the environmental impacts, saves energy costs, and protects operator health. This article presents a multi-response optimization which aims to enhance the power factor and decrease the energy consumption as well as the surface roughness for the dry machining of a stainless steel 304. The cutting speed (V), depth of cut (a), feed rate (f), and nose radius (r) were the processing conditions. The outputs of the optimization are the power factor, energy consumption, and surface roughness. The relationships between inputs and outputs were established using the radial basis function models. The experimental data were normalized, with the use of the Grey relational analysis. The principal component analysis is applied to calculate the weight values of technical responses. The desirability approach is used to observe the optimal values. The results showed that the technical outputs are primarily influenced by the feed rate and cutting speed. The reductions of energy consumption and surface roughness are approximately 34.85% and 57.65%, respectively, and the power factor improves around 28.83%, compared to the initial process parameter settings. The outcomes and findings of the investigated work can be used for further research in sustainable design and manufacturing as well as directly used in the knowledge-based and expert systems for dry milling applications in industrial practices.
Drug-Related Identity Change: Theoretical Development and Empirical Assessment

Our study targets an understanding of the drug-related identity change process, which may offer important sociological insights into the etiology of drug abuse. Our work is grounded in symbolic interactionism, cultural studies, and an extant drug-identity model (Anderson 1994). We use a quantitative survey instrument and retrospective accounts to test our model with a representative sample of white and black females and males seeking treatment for drug abuse in mid-Michigan. Our data show that for many drug-related identity change began in childhood and early adolescence with marginalizing experiences that helped create ego identity discomfort and lost control in defining an identity before drug use. Identification with a drug subculture offered alternative identities to resolve such predicaments. Additionally, we found that identification with a drug subculture significantly reduced ego identity discomfort during drug use, which, thereby, substantiates the claim that subcultures can act as solutions to individual problems and predicaments.
Identification of the Application of School Counseling Practices Carried Out by Students in Counseling and Guidance Undergraduate Program

This study aims to identify the school practices of fourth grade students enrolled in the counseling and guidance undergraduate programs in Turkey. These practices were studied according to (a) development of counseling and guidance programs, (b) program evaluation and accountability practices, (c) administration of psychological tests, (d) performance of selfreports and interview techniques, and (e) other practices (coordination, peer helpers, referrals, consultation, and orientation). The study sample consists of 345 fourth year students in 2006. The results obtained demonstrated that the candidate counselors failed to carry out the practices required for efficacy in the skills given above. The most common practices were concerned with self-reports and interview techniques. The results were discussed in the light of the relevant literature and some suggestions were presented.
Performance of FRP confined and unconfined geopolymer concrete exposed to sulfate attacks

In this study, the effects of magnesium sulfate on the mechanical performance and the durability of confined and unconfined geopolymer concrete (GPC) specimens were investigated. The carbon and basalt fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) fabrics with 1-layer and 3-layers were used to evaluate the performances of the specimens under static and cyclic loading in the ambient and magnesium sulfate environments. In addition, the use of FRP materials as a rehabilitation technique was also studied. For the geopolymerization process of GPC specimens, the alkaline activator has selected a mixture of sodium silicate solution (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) with a ratio (Na2SiO3/NaOH) of 2.5. In addition to GPC specimens, an ordinary concrete (NC) specimens were also produced as a reference specimens and some of the GPC and NC specimens were immersed in 5% magnesium sulfate solutions. The mechanical performance and the durability of the specimens were evaluated by visual appearance, weight change, static and cyclic loading, and failure modes of the specimens under magnesium sulfate and ambient environments. In addition, the microscopic changes of the specimens due to sulfate attack were also assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the macroscale behavior of the specimens. Results indicated that geopolymer specimens produced with nano-silica and fly ash showed superior performance than the NC specimens in the sulfate environment. In addition, confined specimens with FRP fabrics significantly improved the compressive strength, ductility and durability resistance of the specimens and the improvement was found higher with the increased number of FRP layers. Specimens wrapped with carbon FRP fabrics showed better mechanical performance and durability properties than the specimens wrapped with basalt FRP fabrics. Both FRP materials can be used as a rehabilitation material in the sulfate environment.
MBE growth and characterization of InAs/GaSb core/shell nanowire arrays

III-V semiconductor compounds InAs and GaSb are almost lattice matched and when in contact, the heterostructure appears to have a broken gap alignment at their interface[1]. In a core/shell nanowire (NW) geometry, these particularities make this combination interesting for low power electronic devices (Tunneling Field E ect Transistors) as well as the study of fundamental physical properties such as quantum e ects arising due to electron interference. This thesis reports on the MBE growth as well as the structural and electrical characterization of InAs/GaSb NW arrays. For the growth, a Si(111) substrate is covered with a thin thermal SiO2 lm in which two-dimensional, periodic arrays of nano-sized holes are patterned. The InAs NW growth is optimized regarding the yield and morphology of the wires. Substrate preparation thereby is crucial for achieving a high NW yield. The subsequent growth of the GaSb shell has been investigated and optimum growth conditions have been achieved. The e ect of doping of the GaSb shell and substrate temperature, during shell deposition, is also studied. NW morphology and structural characteristics have been investigated. The small lattice mismatch between InAs and GaSb combined with the one-dimensional geometry result in a mis t dislocation free core shell NW hetero-interface. Post-growth, the GaSb shell is etched from part of the NW to have access to the InAs core in order to study the transport at the hetero-junction. Dry and wet etching techniques provide di erent results, both of which can be used for fabricating NW devices. Metallic contacts have been fabricated on di erent parts of these partially etched core/shell NWs as well as on non-etched wires. This process is optimized for the dimensions of these core/shell NWs with respect to reproducibility. Electrical characterization includes gate dependent measurements, which have been carried out at room temperature as well as at low temperatures down to 1.5K using a cryogenic setup. Magneto-transport measurements are used to probe electron transport in these nanoscopic systems. Characterization therefore includes the observation of quantum mechanical electron interference e ects probed at di erent temperatures and di erent angles of the magnetic eld with respect to the NW axis. Analysis on this data includes approximations of typical gures of merit like the phase coherence length or the elastic mean free path but also includes a proper analysis of the size and possible locations of the electron interference loops.
Effect of cervical lymphatic blockage on blood pressure in conscious unrestrained rats

AIM:To investigate the effect of cervical lymphatic blockage(CLB)on blood pressure(BP)in conscious unrestrained rats.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were adopted and randomly divided into two groups as Sham operated group and CLB group.By means of monitoring hemodynamic change in conscious unrestrained rats,twenty-four-hour blood pressure(SBP,DBP and MAP),blood pressure variability(BPV),heart rate(HR)and heart rate variability(HRV)were respectively measured before sham and cervical lymphatic blockage operation as their baseline and at 1st,3rd,7th,11th,15th days after operation.Meanwhile,arterial baroreflex sensitivity(BRS)was measured before and at 1st,7th,15th days after operation.RESULTS:SBP,DBP,MAP and HR significantly decreased at 1st day after CLB operation and their lowest values appeared at 7th day.The tendency of their alternation was descending early and then ascending whereas reverse alterations of BPV and HRV were observed.BRS reduced in CLB rats with no apparent recovery from 7th day.CONCLUSION:CLB results in reduction of blood pressure and dysfunction of nervous regulation on cardiovascular system in conscious unrestrained rats.
Using ePortfolios to Measure Student Learning in a Graduate Preparation Program in Higher Education.

Ten second-year master’s students in a higher education program participated in this study, which was designed to assess their experience with an electronic portfolio that had been introduced recently as a primary component of their comprehensive exam. This qualitative study used a focus group and long-interview methods for data collection. Participants responded to an interview protocol of several open-ended questions that allowed them to discuss their experiences and challenges with this capstone experience. Through a variety of coding techniques, five themes emerged: (a) students have difficulty adapting to change; (b) reflection and decision-making takes time; (c) students need regular reassurance; (d) students learn a great deal about themselves; and (e) the ePortfolio is a very powerful experience. Findings suggest several implications for practice, including preparing new professionals, being a new professional, and supervising new professionals.
Electron properties of semiconductor surface studied by the electroreflectance spectroscopy method

Relations between the Keldysh-Franz oscillations with electron parameters of semiconductor materials were used to derive qualitative data for homoepitaxial films nGaAs (100) from their electroreflectance spectra. The spectra were measured using the Shottky barrier method at the temperature 300 K and non-polarized light from the range 1.3-1.65 eV in vicinity of E0 transition (Г8v → Г6с). The spectral data enabled to get values of the following electron parameters: the energy of the electron transition, electrooptical energy, surface electric field, phenomenological parameter of widening, charge carrier relaxation time by energy, relative phase factor, extension of the wave function oscillation and the value of electron mobility. The obtained values are in a good agreement with known data for structurally perfect n-GaAs with the electron concentration n = 10 – 10 cm .
Threaded fasteners with applied medium or high strength threadlockers: effect of different tightening procedures on the tribological response

ABSTRACT Threaded joints are widely used in the automotive industry, where threadlockers can be applied to prevent self-loosening and to possibly achieve a friction drop upon tightening. This study deals with this topic, investigating threadlocker tribological response before polymerization takes place. These lubricating properties are usually not considered in adhesive datasheets, but can be highly beneficial from the point of view of the achievable preload, thus preventing self-loosening. The topic was tackled experimentally, running an extensive campaign that involved a medium and a strong threadlocker (LOCTITE 243 and LOCTITE 270, respectively), used for tightening zinc-plated and black-oxidized screws. The testing procedure was inspired by a protocol being used by most manufacturers in the automotive field: in particular, the impacts of pre-tightening speed and of the time interval between pre-tightening and final tightening were investigated. The retrieved results indicate a lubricating effect of the medium threadlocker with achievable friction coefficients in the order of 0.11. Moreover, for both the threadlockers, a generally decreasing trend for the thread friction upon tightening for increasing time interval before tightening was observed. This is a particularly original outcome that could have remarkable implications for optimizing the assembly tasks of large sets of bolts.
Effect of gas flow rate on the double gas-assisted extrusion forming of plastic pipes

To overcome the extrusion problems of plastic pipes, the double gas-assisted extrusion method was used in this paper. To investigate the effect of gas flow rate on the double gas-assisted extrusion forming of the plastic pipes, the numerical simulations based on the finite element method were performed. Numerical results show that with the increase of the gases flow rate, the inner radius increases and the outer radius decreases, which lead to decrease the wall thickness of plastic pipes. At the same time, the flow velocity changes of melt under the different gases’ flow rate were obtained and compared. To ascertain the mechanisms of shrinkage phenomenon of wall thickness, the normal stress and first normal stress difference distribution nephograms of melt under the different gases flow rates were obtained. Results show that the normal stress effect of assisted gases on the melt is the main reason that the wall thickness is decreased by the larger assisted gases flow rates.
A case-control study of vitamin D status and asthma in adults

It has been suggested that the rapid increase in the prevalence of asthma in developed countries in recent decades may be the result of changes in diet and lifestyle. Asthma is associated with an alteration in the balance of T-helper lymphocytes with an increase in proinflammatory Th2 cells. As vitamin D may directly suppress Th2 differentiation, it has been hypothesised that low vitamin D status, as a consequence of sun avoidance behaviours and an increasingly indoor lifestyle, could contribute to the rising prevalence of asthma. The present study was designed to compare the vitamin D status of age and sex-matched adults with and without physician-confirmed asthma. The study was conducted in the Chest Clinic, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and the Department of Respiratory Medicine; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norfolk. One hundred and sixty participants aged between 18 and 50 years were recruited, 80 with physician-confirmed mild/moderate asthma and 80 age and gender-matched controls. Cases and controls were assessed within a month of each other to control for seasonal variation of sunlight exposure. Controls were individuals without asthma who had a smoking history of <10 pack-years. The majority of controls (70%) were recruited from local daycase surgery units, the remainder bring recruited after advertising in local press. Ninety-four participants were recruited in Aberdeen between June 2007 and April 2008, and 66 in Norwich between October 2007 and September 2008. Vitamin D status was assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 measured by HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration was 8.68 ng/ml (95% CI 7.60, 9.75), being lower in Aberdeen 6.78 ng/ml (95% CI 5.32, 8.25) than Norwich 11.5 ng/ml (95% CI 10.2, 12.8). In Aberdeen, 76% of the participants had serum levels below the generally accepted cut-off for a deficiency of 10 ng/ml. In Norwich, this figure was 42%. In winter (December–February), these proportions rose to 92.3% and 46.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations between cases and controls: 8.50 ng/ml (95% CI 7.06, 9.95) v. 8.86 (95% CI 7.22, 10.5). Conditional logistic regression adjusting serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels for age, gender, smoking status, BMI and season of assessment revealed no difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels between cases and controls (OR asthma v. control 0.98 (95% CI 0.91, 1.04), P = 0.50). Similar multivariable analysis demonstrated association neither between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and asthma severity nor lung function (FEV1 % predicted). This study does not find evidence to support the use of vitamin D as an adjunct to conventional therapy in asthma in adults.
Photopatterned azo poly(amide imide) layers as aligning substrates of holographic liquid crystal diffraction gratings for beam steering applications

We demonstrate that custom synthesized azobenzene-functionalized poly(amide imide) enables fabrication of tunable liquid crystal photonics devices. Firstly, it is shown that the studied azo poly(amide imide) exhibits a very large and stable photoinduced optical anisotropy arising from directional orientation of its azo chromophores due to irradiation with linearly polarized blue light. Secondly, it is proved that the polymer layers with light-induced anisotropy possess an excellent capability to align nematic liquid crystals. The azimuthal anchoring energy characterizing this capability is significantly higher than the highest anchoring energy reported so far for the class of amorphous azo polymers, reaching simultaneously the level of anchoring energies found for photo-crosslinking materials. Furthermore, we demonstrate that it is possible to inscribe a specific polarization hologram in the azo poly(amide imide) layers, and then to transfer the generated azo chromophore pattern to liquid crystal molecules brought into contact with the polymer substrates. As a consequence, a diffraction grating allowing for complete redirecting of the passing light from its initial propagation direction into the first diffraction order(s) is obtained. A specific form of the Euler–Lagrange equations regarding reorientation of liquid crystal molecules has been derived and then solved numerically in the case of biasing the structure with a low external electric voltage. The obtained results make it possible to predict and explain the device performance observed under experimental conditions.
Intense terahertz light-quantum quench and control of superconductivity

This thesis summarizes my PhD work on intense Terahertz (THz) light-quantum quench and control of superconductivity. BCS superconductor Nb3Sn and iron based superconductor Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2 are studied by intense THz/optical pump/-weak THz probe ultrafast spectroscopy. I design and develop the experiment setup that reaches the strongest THz pump reported so far in similar tabletop configurations. Single cycle THz pulses up to MV/cm peak E field open up a new regime to explore the quantum dynamics and emergent phase in condensed matter system, including superconducting (SC) condensate, topological Dirac fermions, exciton phase transition, quantum coherence in perovskite solar cell and 2D materials.
First-principles high pressure structure searching, longitudinal-transverse mode coupling and absence of simple cubic phase in sulfur

We use first-principles density functional theory to conduct an extensive structure search using the AIRSS package for elemental sulfur in the range 50–550 GPa. We then obtain the low-temperature phase diagram of sulfur in the same pressure range, including vibrational effects through the harmonic approximation. We do not find any structures lower in energy than those already reported in experiment, although the phase diagram below 100 GPa is found to be crowded with structures separated by only a few meV. We report the transition sequence I 4 1 / acd → P 1 ¯ → ICM → C 2 / m → R 3 ¯ m → I m 3 ¯ m and obtain accurate pressures for each transition, although we find the second-order C 2 / m → R 3 ¯ m transition particularly difficult to define. Contrary to previous first-principles works (Pavel et al; Rudin and Liu 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 3049–52), we do not reproduce a trigonal → simple cubic transition at either the static lattice or harmonic level. We also undertake a detailed analysis of the incommensurately modulated (ICM) phase of sulfur phase using a commensurate approximant found in the structure search. We find that the modulation amplitude is zero above 96 GPa; some 40 GPa below the experimentally reported transition to the unmodulated phase. We find that the body-centred atoms in the relaxed ICM approximant are, in addition to the dominant transverse modulation (which is a frozen-in optical phonon mode), slightly displaced longitudinally in the b-direction. We subsequently discover that this (small) longitudinal modulation is coupled to the transverse mode, and hence report previously unnoticed weak-mode coupling between transverse and longitudinal optical phonons in the ICM phase.
Finding and Keeping Child Welfare Workers

Summary Administrators in public human services are constantly involved in the exhausting challenge of recruiting and training staff in the child welfare arena. This article describes a program that the Commonwealth of Kentucky developed in order to address the recruitment and retention issue. The Public Child Welfare Certification Program is a special multi-university preparation program designed to recruit excellent workers from BSW programs who are prepared to take on complex cases with normal supervision within weeks of employment and to sustain those workers over time. Evaluation of the pilot indicates that the program is a great success in preparing students for child welfare work. Implications are discussed.