Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological diagnosis of type-I abomasal ulceration in cattle and buffaloes

This study was undertaken to document the occurrence of Type I abomasal ulceration in apparently healthy dairy cattle and buffaloes. Thirteen hundred thirty two high yielding dairy animals (572 buffaloes and 760 cows) were screened for presence of type I abomasal ulceration on the basis of faecal occult blood test (FOBT). Positive FOBT was taken as confirmatory diagnostic test for type I ulceration. The occurrence of Type I abomasal ulceration in cattle and buffaloes was 0.92 percent and 0.69 percent, respectively, with an overall occurrence of 0.83 percent. All the 11 animals were found to be normal on clinical examination. The only observation was slight reduction in milk yield (2-3kg per day) over last 10–15 days in three cows and two buffaloes. The mean and median values of haematological parameters were within the normal reference range. The activity of Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was increased and that of superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GPx) was decreased. Increased pepsinogen level was a consistent finding so it could be used as an indicator of type I abomasal ulceration in apparently healthy animals.
Validation in Brazil of a Questionnaire on Quality of Life in Chronic Venous Disease (Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire for Brazil/AVVQ-Brazil)

BackgroundThere is growing global interest in validated health assessment instruments. In order to use these instruments in different countries, it is necessary to conduct translation, cultural adaptation and validation in the target language. In Brazil, there are few instruments for assessment of the impact of chronic venous disease (CVD) on the quality of life (QoL) of patients.ObjectiveTo validate the AVVQ-Brazil.MethodThis was an analytical, observational study to validate the AVVQ questionnaire with 107 individuals with CVD. The version of the AVVQ adapted for Brazilian Portuguese was administered three times. The first two administrations were successive, with a 30-minute interval (interobserver reproducibility) and the third administration took place 7 to 15 days later (intraobserver reproducibility). Internal consistency and validity were also assessed.ResultsA total of 107 people took part, 87.9% were female, mean age was 50.1 years ± 14.7; the majority had spent long periods standing up (57.0%) throughout their lives and did not engage in physical exercise (96.3%). Many had not completed primary education (25.2%); were members of economic class C2 (36.4%); and had disease severity class C4 (22.4%) or C6 (23.3%) on the CEAP scale. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the AVVQ were excellent. Internal consistency was excellent to moderate for the majority of domains. Spearman correlations showed that total AVVQ score and its Pain and Dysfunction domains were negatively correlated with all SF-36 domains. The Mann-Whitney test showed that patients with CEAP 1, 2 or 3 exhibited differences that were statistically significant from those with CEAP 4, 5 or 6 for total AVVQ scores and for Complications domain scores.ConclusionsThe AVVQ has been validated for Brazil and can now be used.
Knowledge and Attitude of College Students about Breastfeeding

Introduction: The demands of modern living, loss of support for the mothers, misconceptions about breastfeeding have affected breastfeeding practices and subsequently its duration in many developing countries. Inadequate knowledge, poor management capabilities coupled with negative attitude among physicians and other health care professionals have contributed in declining the breastfeeding rates. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and attitude of college students regarding breastfeeding and determine the factors associated with breastfeeding. To educate them regarding breastfeeding Methodology: A cross sectional survey of medical, nursing, dental & pharmacy students was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire from August 2011- February 2012. Results: A total of 356 students from Medical (30.6%), Nursing (50.3%), Dental (9.3%) and Pharmacy (9.8%) colleges participated in the study. 64% students have average and 30.10% students have high level of knowledge about breastfeeding. Knowledge of students regarding breastfeeding in special situation was very low. Majority of students showed positive attitude towards breastfeeding. The level of knowledge and faculty of the student as well as sex of the student showed statistically significant association. Conclusion: Knowledge of students regarding breastfeeding was generally inadequate. The students were aware about the benefits of breastfeeding to baby but majority of them could not give correct responses to questions related to advantages of breastfeeding to mother and breastfeeding in special situations. A majority of students showed positive attitude towards breastfeeding. Their attitudes towards breastfeeding and sexuality turned out to be negative. Breastfeeding being the most effective means of reducing the child mortality, should be given greater emphasis in the books and taught in detail to these future healthcare professionals.
Optimization, Transesterification and Analytical Study of Rhus typhina Non-Edible Seed Oil as Biodiesel Production

Production of biodiesel from non-edible oils is one of the effective methods to reduce production costs and alleviate the obstacle of traditional raw material supply. Rhus typhina L. (RT) is a promising non-edible plant because it grows fast and has abundant seeds. But previously reported oil content of RT was only 9.7% and 12%. Further research into improving the biodiesel production of RT seed oil is urgently needed. Here we obtained the biodiesel production of RT with a maximum oil content of 22% with a low free fatty acid content of 1.0%. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) of the RT seed oil was produced by a standard optimized protocol use KOH as a catalyst with the highest yield of 93.4% (w/w). The quality and purity of RT FAMEs, as well as the physio-chemical characterizations of the biodiesel products, were investigated and compared with the international standard of ASTM D6751 and EN 14214. The values of fuel properties are comparable with mineral diesel and environmentally friendly. Overall, the proposed RT seed oil could be a potential source of raw materials for producing high-quality biodiesel after the optimization and transesterification.
Effect of quick lime, lime dust from separators and phosphoric acid on stabilisation of sewage sludge

Wastewater treatment plants intended for treatment of municipal wastewaters produce considerable quantities of raw sewage sludge which requires additional treatment to eliminate hygienic and environmental risks related to its disposal. Treated sludge is defi ned as having undergone biological, chemical or heat treatment, long-term storage or any other appropriate process so as signifi cantly to reduce its fermentability and the health hazard resulting from its use. In the present study we investigated stabilisation of sewage sludge originating from a wastewater treatment plant treating municipal wastewaters produced by source of about 100 000 inhabitants. The sludge (S) was treated with quick lime (S+LK), lime dust from separators (S+L) and phosphoric acid (S+P), using 3% addition by weight. We decided to test phosphoric acid because it is recommended as a suitable disinfectant for manure and soil. The investigations were carried out for 20 days. Of the chemical parameters determined we present changes in pH and ammonium nitrogen. The pH level was affected initially by all substances added until about day 13 after which the differences in individual substrates were minimal. The level of ammonium nitrogen in water extracts was affected the most by addition of phosphoric acid and also by lime dust. From the bacteriological point of view, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci are the most important parameters refl ecting hygiene quality of the sludge and potential risk related to its disposal. Faecal coliforms were decreased signifi cantly only for one day by addition of lime dust and for about 10 days by addition of quick lime. Regarding the plate counts of faecal streptococci, quick lime and lime dust resulted in a pronounced decrease which, however, persisted only for up to 13 days of storage. Phosphoric acid had practically no effect on fecal coliforms and faecal streptococc
PSYCHOSIS IN THREE PATIENTS WITH VITILIGO

Abstract: Psychotic disorders have been observed in association with some autoimmune disorders. Moreover, autoimmune mechanisms have been recently considered in evaluation of schizophrenia spectrum disease managements. Vitiligo is one of the autoimmune diseases, but there is no report of vitiligo association with psychosis. We report three patients with vitiligo and schizophrenia spectrum disease that are indicative of the role of autoimmunity in psychosis. Moreover, unusual manifestation and poor response to treatment in the reported cases show that autoimmunity can complicate the prognosis of psychosis. Keywords: Vitiligo, Autoimmune, Schizophrenia, Psychosis
EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT FOR PRACTITIONERS OF STRENGTH TRAINING

Strength training has grown in recent years to improve physical condition and/or get an ideal bodyconditioning model. The recent development boosted the market of supplements which are used to obtain more efficient and faster results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge about supplements and nutritional aspects by bodybuilders and practitioners of strength training. 105 people (aged from 18-49 years old) were interviewed in three gym academies in Aguaí, São Paulo, Brazil. Most of people rated their own knowledge about nutrition and supplements as "very good" or "good". Supplement consume was higher among women, but men used them for longer periods. Frequently personal trainers (Physical Education professional) prescribed these substances and people rarely looked for a Nutritionist to evaluate the use of supplements. The results showed that there is a need of greater knowledge about the correct use of supplements to obtain efficient and safe results.
Prospective Comparative Trial of Ceftriaxone versus Ceftazidime as Prophylactic Perioperative Antimicrobials in Neurosurgery

Background: Previous reports have suggested that both ceftriaxone and ceftazidime are effective as prophylactic perioperative antibiotics in neurosurgery. This study was designed to compare the infection rates following the use of these antibiotics as prophylactic agents during neurological surgery in our centre. In a tertiary hospital Methods: This was a prospective study in which patients were allocated into two groups. One group received ceftriaxone (Roche-rocephine) and the other group received ceftazidime (GlaxoSmithKline – fortum). Patients were followed up for evidence of surgical site infections for up to 6 weeks after discharge. Clinical and or laboratory evidence of wound infection were used as outcome measure. Results: There were 118 patients, 58 patients received ceftriaxone and 60 patients received ceftazidime. Infection occurred in 4 (6.9%) in the ceftriaxone group and in 9 (15%) in the ceftazidime group. The difference was not statistically significant. The infection rate following ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting procedure was similar (11.8%) in both groups. Conclusion: Our study confirmed the efficacy of ceftriaxone and ceftazidime in preventing surgical site infection that may follow neurosurgical procedures, but the difference in infection rates following the use of their use was not statistically significant.
Transscleral ultrasonographic measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter and a regression analysis with morphometric measures of the globe in dogs

To describe transscleral ultrasonography as a novel alternative approach for visualising the optic nerve sheath and measuring its diameter and to analyse the linear regressions of the optic nerve sheath diameter value with the weights and morphometric measurements of the globe in dogs. Forty healthy dogs admitted for routine sterilisation were examined. Under general anaesthesia, a B-mode ultrasonography with a linear probe (9–18 MHz) was applied transscleral in the dorso-temporal quadrant. The optic nerve sheath diameter was measured 3 mm behind the caudal aspect of the globe. The morphometric measurements, including the axial globe, lens thickness and vitreous chamber, were estimated by two observers using the direct corneal approach. Univariate and multivariate multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the associations of the independent predictors with dependent variables. The optic nerve sheath diameter intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses revealed interobserver 0.91 (ICC = 0.83–0.95) and intraobserver 0.93 (ICC = 0.87–0.96) reliability. The multiple regression analysis revealed that the optic nerve sheath diameter was associated with the weight (R2 = 0.60, P < 0.0001) but not with the axial globe (P = 0.48), the lens thickness (P = 0.73) or the vitreous chamber (P = 0.99). The findings of this study suggest that transscleral ultrasonography may be a valid alternative approach for the optic nerve visualisation and optic nerve sheath diameter measurements with excellent intraand interobserver repeatability. The optic nerve sheath diameter was associated with the body weight, but not with the morphometric measurements of the globe.
Head and Neck Trauma in a Rapidly Growing African Metropolis: A Two-Year Audit of Hospital Admissions

Understanding injury-related burdens is an essential part of trauma quality improvement programs aimed at decreasing morbidity and mortality. This is especially the case in low and middle-income country settings where data on injuries remains limited. The aim of this study was to audit the types of head and neck injuries, which have been diagnosed among patients admitted to a major national hospital in the context of a rapidly growing sub Saharan city. Data were collected retrospectively for head and neck trauma from the Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from the years 2016 and 2017. Distribution of ICD-10 codes by age and sex for the five most common diagnoses were determined using frequencies and percentages. The most common diagnosis was ICD-10-S02 (fracture of skull and facial bones) with 277 cases (44.1%), which was followed by S05 (injury of the eye and orbit), 114 cases (18.2%), and S09 (other and unspecified injuries of head) 77 cases (12.3%). The mean ages of admission for these three diagnoses were 28.1 (SD: 11.6), 23.8 (SD: 18.9), and 30.8 (SD: 18.0) years, respectively. This study provides information on the overall burden of head and neck trauma at a major regional tertiary care facility. It provides an initial understanding of the burden of head and neck trauma and suggests follow-up in the form of clarification of injury mechanisms and contextual factors for future work.
Impact of various planting directions and plant densities on yield and its components in maize (Zea mays L.)

Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture (Moshtohor), Benha University, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt during two summer growing seasons (2014 and 2015) to evaluate yield and its components of maize variety Hi-tech 2031 under six planting directions: straight (North-South (N-S); East-West (E-W); diagonal (North. Eastern (N.E); North. Western (N.W)); others (Perpendicular (Perp) and Circular (Circ)) using three plant population densities of 16000, 24000 and 32000 plants/feddan (one feddan = 0.42 ha). Results could be concluded as follows: Planting directions, showed that the North.Western rows orientations was superior in producing grain yield, stover yield, plant and ear height, ear weight, ear diameter, number of rows/ear, shelling percentage and cob weight with significant differences of various magnitudes. Meanwhile, the East-West sowing direction was superior for number of kernels/row and light radiation intensity. Also, the highest ear length and seed index were obtained for planting in North.Eastern direction. Plant population densities, clarified that yield and yield components characters were generally increased as plant population density increased with various variable significant differences except for ear length, ear weight, cob weight, number of kernels/row and seed index.
Deep-ACTINet: End-to-End Deep Learning Architecture for Automatic Sleep-Wake Detection Using Wrist Actigraphy

Sleep scoring is the first step for diagnosing sleep disorders. A variety of chronic diseases related to sleep disorders could be identified using sleep-state estimation. This paper presents an end-to-end deep learning architecture using wrist actigraphy, called Deep-ACTINet, for automatic sleep-wake detection using only noise canceled raw activity signals recorded during sleep and without a feature engineering method. As a benchmark test, the proposed Deep-ACTINet is compared with two conventional fixed model based sleep-wake scoring algorithms and four feature engineering based machine learning algorithms. The datasets were recorded from 10 subjects using three-axis accelerometer wristband sensors for eight hours in bed. The sleep recordings were analyzed using Deep-ACTINet and conventional approaches, and the suggested end-to-end deep learning model gained the highest accuracy of 89.65%, recall of 92.99%, and precision of 92.09% on average. These values were approximately 4.74% and 4.05% higher than those for the traditional model based and feature based machine learning algorithms, respectively. In addition, the neuron outputs of Deep-ACTINet contained the most significant information for separating the asleep and awake states, which was demonstrated by their high correlations with conventional significant features. Deep-ACTINet was designed to be a general model and thus has the potential to replace current actigraphy algorithms equipped in wristband wearable devices.
Hunting for Dwarf Galaxies Hosting the Formation and Coalescence of Compact Binaries

Here we introduce the latest version of the GAMESH model, capable to consistently account for the formation and evolution of compact binary systems along the cosmic assembly of a Milky Way (MW)-like galaxy, centered on a local group volume resolving a large population of dwarf satellites. After describing the galaxy assembly process and how the formation of binary systems is accounted for, we summarize some recent findings on the properties and evolution of low-metallicity dwarf galaxies hosting the birth/coalescence of stellar/compact binaries generating GW150914-like signals. Finally, we focus on the mass and orbital properties of the above compact binary candidates assessing their impact on the resulting coalescence times and on selecting suitable galaxy hosts.
Clinical Validation of Mobile Cardiotocograph Device for Intrapartum and Antepartum Monitoring Compared to Standard Cardiotocograph: An Inter-Rater Agreement Study

Objective: Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) using cardiotocograph (CTG) is commonly used both to assess fetal wellbeing in late antepartum and for intervention during intrapartum period. We validated the performance of indigenously developed mobile cardiotocograph (CTG) device with wireless probes compared to standard CTG device. Materials and methods: We sequentially used mobile and standard CTG devices in 495 pregnant women in labour and 359 pregnant women with gestation > 32 weeks. The CTG interpreted by two independent obstetricians in a blinded manner were compared to estimate the agreement by kappa (k) statistic. Results: High level of agreements between mobile and standard CTG devices for both intrapartum (87.9%; kappa 0.61) and antepartum monitoring (91.2%; kappa 0.60) were observed. Most of the pregnant women (80% in intrapartum and 70% in antepartum groups) and all nurses and obstetricians preferred the mobile CTG device over standard CTG device. Conclusion: The mobile CTG device can reliably be used for both intrapartum and antepartum monitoring instead of the standard CTG devices. The smaller size, portability and ability to transmit the recordings for second opinion make it suitable for use by midwives for appropriate triaging and referral. Wider availability of CTG and interpretation support at the peripheral facilities would assist identifying at-risk pregnancies and foetuses for timely referral and appropriate action to reduce perinatal deaths, stillbirths and birth asphyxi.
Thermoeconomic Modelling and Parametric Study of a Simple ORC for the Recovery of Waste Heat in a 2 MW Gas Engine under Different Working Fluids

This paper presents a thermo-economic analysis of a simple organic Rankine cycle (SORC) as a waste heat recovery (WHR) systems of a 2 MW stationary gas engine evaluating different working fluids. Initially, a systematic methodology was implemented to select three organic fluids according to environmental and safety criteria, as well as critical system operational conditions. Then, thermodynamic, exergy, and exergo-economic models of the system were developed under certain defined considerations, and a set of parametric studies are presented considering key variables of the system such as pump efficiency, turbine efficiency, pinch point condenser, and evaporator. The results show the influence of these variables on the combined power of the system (gas engine plus ORC), ORC exergetic efficiency, specific fuel consumption (∆BSFC), and exergo indicators such as the payback period (PBP), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and the specific investment cost (SIC). The results revealed that heat transfer equipment had the highest exergy destruction cost rates representing 81.25% of the total system cost. On the other hand, sensitivity analyses showed that acetone presented better energetic and exergetic performance when the efficiency of the turbine, evaporator, and condenser pinch point was increased. However, toluene was the fluid with the best results when pump efficiency was increased. In terms of the cost of exergy destroyed by equipment, the results revealed that acetone was the working fluid that positively impacted cost reduction when pump efficiency was improved; and toluene, when turbine efficiency was increased. Finally, the evaporator and condenser pinch point increased all the economic indicators of the system. In this sense, the working fluid with the best performance in economic terms was acetone, when the efficiency of the turbine, pinch condenser, and pinch evaporator was enhanced.
Chemical and Enzymatic Treatment of Hemp Biomass for Bioethanol Production

In this study chemical and enzymatic treatment of hemp biomass were optimized to obtain maximum ethanol production. In the first stage, physical and chemical pretreatment of hemp biomass was carried out. It was found that the Tygra variety is susceptible to alkaline treatment at an optimum concentration of 2% NaOH. Next, the effect of NaOH on the value of reducing sugars and the chemical composition of the solid fraction before and after the treatment was determined. Hemp biomass before and after the chemical treatment was analysed by FTIR spectra and SEM. The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis, i.e., substrate content, temperature, time, pH and dose of enzyme by means of Response Surface Methodology on glucose content was determined. The highest glucose value was observed at 50 ◦C, in time process between 48 and 72 h, and the dose of enzyme was not less than 20 FPU·g−1. After the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis two processes of ethanol fermentation from hemp biomass, SHF and SSF, were carried out. In the SHF process a 40% higher concentration of ethanol was obtained (10.51 g/L). In conclusion, hemp biomass was found to be an interesting and promising source to be used for bioethanol production.