Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antidepressant Treatment of Depression in the Elderly: Efficacy and Safety Considerations

Depression in the elderly is a significant clinical problem which is likely to endure as an ongoing issue as the cohort of individuals aged over 65years continues to increase as a proportion of the total population. While there are a multiplicity of approaches to the treatment of depression, the mainstay for moderate to severe cases is pharmacotherapy. The majority of extant antidepressants have demonstrated efficacy, at least in short term (6-12weeks) clinical evaluations. There is demonstrable efficacy over and above that of placebo in the majority of clinical trials for most agents. Within the classes of antidepressants there is no difference between individual agents, while between classes differences have not been demonstrated consistently. Thus, there appears to be little to choose between the various agents. However, considerations other than efficacy play a role in the choice of an antidepressant for an individual patient. A systematic review of the efficacy of antidepressant agents based on trials in elderly populations is presented. Factors influencing the choice of a medication over and above efficacy are presented along with a brief review of adverse events of particular concern in elderly patients. A considerable proportion of elderly patients have comorbid medical conditions, which may also influence the choice of agent due to drug-drug interaction considerations. A brief overview of interactions likely to influence medication selection is also canvassed. While there is every reason to be optimistic about outcomes in elderly patients, there are still unanswered questions about antidepressant efficacy in this population: effectiveness in long-term treatment and in the population of so-called ‘old-old’ elderly are principal among them.
PRNet: A Progressive Recovery Network for Revealing Perceptually Encrypted Images

Perceptual encryption is an efficient way of protecting image content by only selectively encrypting a portion of significant data in plain images. Existing security analysis of perceptual encryption usually resorts to traditional cryptanalysis techniques, which require heavy manual work and strict prior knowledge of encryption schemes. In this paper, we introduce a new end-to-end method of analyzing the visual security of perceptually encrypted images, without any manual work or knowing any prior knowledge of the encryption scheme. Specifically, by leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs), we propose a progressive recovery network (PRNet) to recover visual content from perceptually encrypted images. Our PRNet is stacked with several dense attention recovery blocks (DARBs), where each DARB contains two branches: feature extraction branch and image recovery branch. These two branches cooperate to rehabilitate more detailed visual information and generate efficient feature representation via densely connected structure and dual-saliency mechanism. We conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate that PRNet works on different perceptual encryption schemes with different settings, and the results show that PRNet significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art CNN-based image restoration methods.
Level of fibrinogen, D-dimers and C-reactive protein, and correlations between these parameters in ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke

Introduction and objective. Fibrinogen (FIB) and C-reactive protein (CRP) play an important role in any inflammatory response. FIB levels may be higher in stroke patients compared to non-stroke patients. CRP is used to detect inflammation due to its high sensitivity in aseptic inflammation. Blood levels of d-dimer (DD) are used to determine the amount of fibrin formed and distributed. Inflammation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of haemorrhagic stroke causing primal damage, and in ischemic stroke causing secondary damage due to a decrease in perfusion in the brain. The aim of the study is to prove the hypothesis that the inflammatory process is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic and haemorrhagic
Assessing Employee Engagement in a Post-COVID-19 Workplace Ecosystem

This article has aimed to better understand employee engagement in a post-COVID-19 workplace ecosystem. We identified a knowledge gap in the relationship between employee engagement and the physical workplace environment through an interdisciplinary literature review. We subsequently tested this gap by comparing employee engagement metrics proposed by leading academics in the field of organisational psychology with a sample of commonly used real estate industry approaches to monitoring workplace design/management. We focused specifically on industry-projected post-COVID-19 workplace ecosystem scenarios, and the results suggest that traditional employee engagement metrics and industry approaches to monitoring workplace design and management do not fully reflect the recent shift to hybrid work patterns. We shed light on the implications that this can have on our existing knowledge of “sustainable” property markets in a wider city context.
The impact of psychological well-being and ill-being on academic performance: a longitudinal and cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Objective: There is limited empirical research investigating the relationship between well-being and academic achievement and existing studies are largely conducted using cross-sectional methodology constraining conclusions regarding causality.Method: This study conducted at a South Australian high school addresses this gap by longitudinally investigating well-being and 10 academic achievement. Separate hierarchical regressions were run for Semesters 1 and 2 measures of academic achievement using ill-being, well-being, and gender as predictors.Results: In each case, ill-being and gender made a significant contribution to the prediction of academic achievement on the first step of the hierarchical regression. However, when well-being was added in the second step, ill-being no longer made a significant contribution. Each well-being 15 subscale positively correlated with academic achievement with the strongest effect being for perseverance.Conclusion: Positive education may therefore offer educators an avenue for simultaneously improving the well-being of students and their academic achievement.
Intracameral injection of antigen potentiates the production of antigen-specific T cell proteins in serum after the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity.

PURPOSE To determine whether the introduction of antigen into the anterior chamber induces the production of extracellular antigen-specific T cell proteins (T cell antigen-binding molecules [TABM] specific for the antigen. METHODS Balb/c mice received an intracameral or subconjunctival injection of trinitrophenylated spleen cells (TNP spleen cells) before skin sensitization and challenge with picrychloride. The production of TNP-specific TABM in serum was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based antigen binding and immunoblotting using a rabbit antiserum raised against a monoclonal antigen-specific T cell protein that induces suppressor T cells. RESULTS Intracameral, but not subconjunctival, injection of TNP spleen cells before contact sensitization increased the level of TNP-specific TABM in serum. At 2 days, TABM levels began to rise and peaked at 5 days after contact sensitization. Anterior chamber injection of TNP spleen cells alone into nonimmunized mice did not induce a detectable increase of TNP-specific TABM in serum. Mice that did not receive an intracameral TNP spleen cell injection but were made contact sensitive to TNP showed a diminished TNP-specific TABM response. Specificity of the TABM induced by intracameral-injection and sensitization for the TNP hapten was documented by showing that the induced TABM binds TNP-bovine serum antigen (BSA) but does not bind either BSA alone or azobenzenearsonate-ovalbumin and that immune sera raised against ovalbumin did not contain an increase in TNP-specific TABM. TNP-specific TABM in the sera of mice receiving an intracameral injection of TNP spleen cells, followed by contact sensitization with picrylchloride (PCl), were purified by affinity for TNP and were resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting as M(r) 110,000 polypeptides. CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of TNP-specific TABM induced by contact sensitization alone are enhanced fourfold to fivefold when sensitization is preceded by the intracameral, but not the subconjunctival, injection of TNP spleen cells. The authors propose that besides suppression of systemic delayed type hypersensitivity, the intracameral injection of antigen into nonimmune mice may prime an increased production of TABM, which may indicate systemic activation of the immunoregulatory T cell circuit.
Case Study of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Intervention to Reduce Pain in Appendicitis Patient

Objective: This case study was conducted to describe a progressive muscle relaxation intervention in reducing pain in appendicitis patients. Method: This study uses a case study design with an evidence-based practice approach that focuses on nursing interventions. This research was conducted at the BLUD RSU Banjar City on 27-31 May 2022. Participants in this study were Ny patients. C, 35 years old, female, complains of right lower quadrant abdominal pain. The process of assessing and establishing a diagnosis is focused on the main problem. Objective and subjective data becomes a reference for periodic evaluation of nursing implementation. Results: Patients gave recognition of decreased pain after being given a progressive muscle relaxation intervention with a pain scale of 4 out of 5 (0-10) and a scale of 3 out of 4 (0-10). Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation intervention should be suspected to be effective in reducing pain in appendicitis patients as evidenced by subjective patient recognition. Theoretically, this study does not conflict with previous research so that it can be a reference in future research. Theoretically, this research does not conflict with previous research so that it can be a reference in future research. Clinically, progressive muscle relaxation intervention can be an alternative intervention to reduce pain levels in patients with chronic diseases such as appendicitis in hospitals and health centers.
Short-term Reversal and Realized Profit: The Role of Mental Account Editing in Prospect Theory

Previous studies regard short-term reversal as compensation for liquidity risk. In this paper, we document that the reversal pattern depends on the prior realized profits that affect the risk attitude of the liquidity supplier. In the gain domain, a realized gain reduces the pain from a potential loss, making the liquidity supplier more risk-seeking. In the loss domain, a small realized loss motivates the break-even effect, but a substantial loss is too difficult to cover. Hence, there is an approximately U-shaped relation between the risk aversion of the liquidity supplier and realized loss. The empirical reWe thank Bing Han, Xuezhong He, Junqing Kang, Jianfeng Shen, Jianxin Wang, Xuewei Yang, Jianfeng Yu, and workshop participants at Nanjing University, Tianjin University, PBC School of Finance at Tsinghua University, 2019 CFAM conference for helpful comments and suggestions. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2019T120075; No.71790594; No.71532009). Shen Lin gratefully acknowledges research grants from Asset Management Research Center at PBC School of Finance, Tsinghua University and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2018M630127; No.2019T120075). Email: binguo@nankai.edu.cn (Bin Guo); linsh@pbcsf.tsinghua. edu.cn (Shen Lin); weiz@tju.edu.cn (Wei Zhang) ∗Corresponding author Preprint submitted to SSRN June 2, 2020 sults confirm the asymmetric impacts of realized gain and loss on short-term reversal.
Enduring COVID-19 lockdowns: Risk versus resilience in parents’ health and family functioning across the pandemic

Have the demands of the COVID-19 pandemic risked declines in parents’ health and family functioning, or have most parents been resilient and shown no changes in health and family functioning? Assessing average risk versus resilience requires examining how families have fared across the pandemic, beyond the initial months examined in prior investigations. The current research examines changes in parents’ health and functioning over the first 1.5 years of the pandemic. Parents (N = 272) who had completed general pre-pandemic assessments completed reassessments of psychological/physical health, couple/family functioning, and parenting within two mandatory lockdowns in New Zealand: at the beginning of the pandemic (26 March–28 April 2020) and 17 months later (18 August–21 September 2021). Parents exhibited average declines in psychological/physical health (greater depressive symptoms; reduced well-being, energy and physical health) and in couple/family functioning (reduced commitment and family cohesion; greater problem severity and family chaos). By contrast, there were no average differences in parent-child relationship quality and parenting practices across lockdowns. Declines in health and couple/family functioning occurred irrespective of pre-pandemic health and functioning, but partner support buffered declines in couple/family functioning. The results emphasize that attending to the challenges parents and couples face in the home will be important to mitigate and recover from the impact of the pandemic on parents’ and children’s well-being.
Simplified methodology for testing common rail piezoelectric injectors taking into account reference characteristics

The article presents the methodology of testing Continental/Siemens VDO piezoelectric injectors. To determine the correctness of their operation, the reference characteristics were used, which, due to the lack of guidelines from the manufacturer, constituted the only reference base for the obtained expenses and the intensity of fuel overflows. Simultaneously, the phase of the active experiment was simplified by limiting the number of measuring points, and then estimating the missing data using the Aitken iterative technique. Automation of the calculation process was obtained thanks to the proprietary numerical algorithm, whose formulas were introduced into a standard spreadsheet.
An Investigation of the Validity of the Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT) in Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)

Abstract Objectives: Social cognition is frequently impaired following an acquired brain injury (ABI) but often overlooked in clinical assessments. There are few validated and appropriate measures of social cognitive abilities for ABI patients. The current study examined the validity of the Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT, Baksh et al., 2018) in measuring social cognition following an ABI. Methods: Forty-one patients with ABI were recruited from a rehabilitation service and completed measures of general ability, executive functions and social cognition (Faux Pas; FP, Reading the Mind in the Eyes; RME, Social Norms Questionnaire; SNQ and the ESCoT). Forty-one controls matched on age, sex and years of education also performed the RME, SNQ and ESCoT. Results: A diagnosis of ABI was significantly associated with poorer performance on all ESCoT measures and RME while adjusting for age, sex and years of education. In ABI patients, the ESCoT showed good internal consistency with its subcomponents and performance correlated with the other measures of social cognition demonstrating convergent validity. Better Trail Making Test performance predicted better ESCoT total, RME and SNQ scores. Higher TOPF IQ was associated with higher RME scores, while higher WAIS-IV working memory predicted better FP performance. Conclusions: The ESCoT is a brief, valid and internally consistent assessment tool able to detect social cognition deficits in neurological patients. Given the prevalence of social cognition deficits in ABI and the marked impact these can have on an individual’s recovery, this assessment can be a helpful addition to a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.
970: EXTENDED STABILITY OF VASOPRESSIN INJECTION IN POLYVINYL CHLORIDE BAGS AND SYRINGES

Learning Objectives: Weaning prolonged opioid infusions in the pediatric critical care setting remains problematic. Methadone is traditionally used in this population, but the potential for dosing errors is high due to the lack of a standard liquid concentration and the need to manually manipulate doses based on the desired weaning schedule. In addition, methadone’s long half-life leads to complicated dose titrations and the potential for side effects and breakthrough withdrawal. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of fentanyl patches for weaning in critically ill pediatric patients. Methods: A single-center, retrospective, Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved chart review was conducted of patients under 18 years old who were treated with a fentanyl patch for weaning between July 1, 2012 to July 31, 2017. The primary end point was the rate of treatment failure defined as requiring a change from a fentanyl patch to oral methadone. The secondary endpoint was the rate of withdrawal episodes requiring treatment with shortacting opioids. Results: Seventeen patients were identified for inclusion in this study. The median duration of fentanyl infusion was 13.5 days (range 8.5–16 days) with dosing ranging from 9 to 167 mcg/hr. Among the 14 patients that had overlapping IV and transdermal fentanyl, the median overlap was 7 hours (range 5.7–12.8 hours). The median duration of transdermal fentanyl treatment was 11 days (range 2–23 days). For the primary outcome, 2 (12%) patients experienced treatment failure requiring a transition from a fentanyl patch to methadone. Of these patients, one required 13 doses of a short-acting opioid during the 53 hours leading to therapy change, and one patient did not receive breakthrough analgesia during the 124 hours of fentanyl patch therapy, with an unclear reason for therapy change. Twelve patients (71%) required breakthrough analgesia during fentanyl patch therapy, while 5 (29%) received no breakthrough medication. On average 1.36 doses/ day (range 0.1–6.5 doses/day) of breakthrough analgesia were required during fentanyl patch therapy. Among the patients treated with a fentanyl transdermal patch, none experienced respiratory depression requiring reversal with naloxone. One patient received a dose of naloxone after being transitioned from a fentanyl transdermal patch to methadone. Conclusions: The use of fentanyl patches for weaning in the pediatric intensive care population may be a viable alternative to methadone if appropriately dosed and monitored.
Financial Inclusion and Bank Stability in Zimbabwe

The relevance of financial inclusion is increasing rapidly as it is becoming a policy issue especially in developing countries. However, financial inclusion can cause stability or fragility in the financial sector. The nexus between the two has to be clarified before fostering major strategies of financial inclusion. This study employed a system Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) to investigate this relationship. The results of this study suggest that financial inclusion can increase stability in the banking sector. This entails a positive, holistic approach towards implementation of agenda 2016-2020. In essence, financial inclusion is designed to bring about capacity to the economically and socially excluded population by creating equal opportunities. In order to achieve a sustainable financial inclusion framework there is need for viable business models (such as mobile money services), efficient, cheap and non-complicated technology contained in an appropriate regulatory approach by the Central Bank.
Social networking amid social differentiation in the adoption of improved technologies: A case study in Rajasthan, India

(IFPRI), established 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition. IFPRI’s strategic research aims to foster a climate-resilient and sustainable food supply; promote healthy diets and nutrition for all; build inclusive and efficient markets, trade systems, and food industries; transform agricultural and rural economies; and strengthen institutions and governance. Gender is integrated in all the Institute’s work. Partnerships, communications, capacity strengthening, and data and knowledge management are essential components to translate IFPRI’s research from action to impact. The Institute’s regional and country programs play a critical role in responding to demand for food policy research and in delivering holistic support for country-led development. the Abstract This paper evaluates the role of social networks in the adoption of mustard hybrids. The objectives of the paper are (i) to examine how the farmer’s adoption decision relates to the adoption choices of their network members particularly in case of hybrids; (ii) to test whether the lower-caste (Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe [SC/ST]) farmers relied more on social networks for information as compared to the higher-caste (non-SC/ST) farmers; and (iii) to explore whether social network effects are more pronounced when farmers interact within their caste as compared to outside the caste, the issue of homophily versus heterophily. The paper follows the model of social learning in Bandiera and Rasul (2006) extended by introducing the individual level covariates of network members. Further, we try to address endogeneity concerns by including village fixed effects and by analyzing the social network effects in a dynamic adoption framework. We establish evidence of endogenous effects in the adoption choices of hybrids i.e. more pronounced for the lower caste (schedule caste/tribe) vis-a-vis the higher caste. Further, network effects are stronger with homophily within the same caste.
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Chemically de ﬁ ned medium is widely used for culturing mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), in which N2B27 works as a substitution for serum, and GSK3 β and MEK inhibitors (2i) help to promote ground-state pluripotency. However, recent studies suggested that MEKi might cause irreversible defects that compromise the developmental potential of mESCs. Here, we demonstrated the de ﬁ cient bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signal in the chemically de ﬁ ned condition is one of the main causes for the impaired pluripotency. Mechanisti-cally, activating the BMP signal pathway by BMP4 could safeguard the chromosomal integrity and proliferation capacity of mESCs through regulating downstream targets Ube2s and Chmp4b . More importantly, BMP4 promotes a distinct in vivo developmental potential and a long-term pluripotency preservation. Besides, the pluripotent improvements driven by BMP4 are superior to those by attenuating MEK suppression. Taken together, our study shows appropriate activation of BMP signal is essential for regulating functional pluripotency and reveals that BMP4 should be applied in the serum-free culture system.