Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards syntax-aware token embeddings

Abstract Distributional semantic word representations are at the basis of most modern NLP systems. Their usefulness has been proven across various tasks, particularly as inputs to deep learning models. Beyond that, much work investigated fine-tuning the generic word embeddings to leverage linguistic knowledge from large lexical resources. Some work investigated context-dependent word token embeddings motivated by word sense disambiguation, using sequential context and large lexical resources. More recently, acknowledging the need for an in-context representation of words, some work leveraged information derived from language modelling and large amounts of data to induce contextualised representations. In this paper, we investigate Syntax-Aware word Token Embeddings (SATokE) as a way to explicitly encode specific information derived from the linguistic analysis of a sentence in vectors which are input to a deep learning model. We propose an efficient unsupervised learning algorithm based on tensor factorisation for computing these token embeddings given an arbitrary graph of linguistic structure. Applying this method to syntactic dependency structures, we investigate the usefulness of such token representations as part of deep learning models of text understanding. We encode a sentence either by learning embeddings for its tokens and the relations between them from scratch or by leveraging pre-trained relation embeddings to infer token representations. Given sufficient data, the former is slightly more accurate than the latter, yet both provide more informative token embeddings than standard word representations, even when the word representations have been learned on the same type of context from larger corpora (namely pre-trained dependency-based word embeddings). We use a large set of supervised tasks and two major deep learning families of models for sentence understanding to evaluate our proposal. We empirically demonstrate the superiority of the token representations compared to popular distributional representations of words for various sentence and sentence pair classification tasks.
It Is Time to Address Airborne Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

We appeal to the medical community and to the relevant national and international bodies to recognize the potential for airborne spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is significant potential for inhalation exposure to viruses in microscopic respiratory droplets (microdroplets) at short to medium distances (up to several meters, or room scale), and we are advocating for the use of preventive measures to mitigate this route of airborne transmission.
The Impact of Job Satisfaction on Turnover Rate in the Contact Center Environment in the Jordanian Labor Market

The Jordanian economy is declining due to the political and economic conditions in the region, which caused more scarcity of resources and lowering the investment rate. Therefore, the services sector has become more important in the Jordanian labor market and the Contact Center Environment has become even more important. Yet, one of the most brilliant goals for the Contact Center is to lower the turnover rate and deliver the best service to the clients. This paper measured the impact of job satisfaction on turnover rate in the Contact Center Environment. Service providers at inbound call centers answered the questionnaires designed to measure the impact of their job satisfaction with its elements (social satisfaction, salaries, benefits, career growth and safety, psychological and physical environment) on their intent to turnover. 100 questionnaires were distributed randomly in different Contact Centers in the Jordanian labor market. Sixty-eight respondents were received, and the valid ones for analysis were 58. The research identifies a significant impact of Job safety and career growth as major variables that affect the intention and the turnover rate among employees in the Contact Center.
Effectiveness of Functionally based Physical Activity Programs on Physical, Psychological, Cognitive, and Adverse Outcomes in Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes: Systematic Review

ABSTRACT This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of function-oriented physical activity programs on the physical, psychological, cognitive, and adverse outcomes of older adults living in nursing homes. An extensive search was conducted. Two reviewers independently applied eligibility criteria and assessed sources of bias using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials and the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions. Data were analyzed using a narrative synthesis. Twenty-three studies were included. Intervention type was categorized as walking programs (n = 9), activity of daily living practice (n = 6), and functional exercise programs (n = 8). Eighteen studies were rated as serious or high risk of bias and five were rated at moderate or some risk of bias. Walking interventions and functional exercise programs may be effective for improving physical outcomes in nursing home residents. None of the three types of physical activity demonstrated effectiveness for improving psychological outcomes. Cognitive outcomes were only evaluated by a small number of studies in the walking program category, which suggested mixed results. Adverse events were not associated with these interventions. Nursing home residents, including people with dementia, were able to safely engage with and experience benefits from functional physical activity interventions embedded into nursing home care.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ Is an Essential Transcriptional Regulator for Mitochondrial Protection and Biogenesis in Adult Heart

Rationale: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) (α, γ, and δ/β) are nuclear hormone receptors and ligand-activated transcription factors that serve as key determinants of myocardial fatty acid metabolism. Long-term cardiomyocyte-restricted PPARδ deficiency in mice leads to depressed myocardial fatty acid oxidation, bioenergetics, and premature death with lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. Objective: To explore the essential role of PPARδ in the adult heart. Methods and Results: We investigated the consequences of inducible short-term PPARδ knockout in the adult mouse heart. In addition to a substantial transcriptional downregulation of lipid metabolic proteins, short-term PPARδ knockout in the adult mouse heart attenuated cardiac expression of both Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and manganese superoxide dismutase, leading to increased oxidative damage to the heart. Moreover, expression of key mitochondrial biogenesis determinants such as PPARγ coactivator-1 were substantially decreased in the short-term.
Identification of Factors Involved in 18S Nonfunctional Ribosomal RNA Decay and a Method for Detecting 8-oxoguanosine by RNA-Seq

The translation of mRNA into functional proteins is essential for all life. In eukaryotes, aberrant RNAs containing sequence features that stall or severely slow down ribosomes are subject to translation-dependent quality control. Targets include mRNAs encoding a strong secondary structure (No-Go Decay; NGD) or stretches of positively-charged amino acids (Peptide-dependent Translation Arrest/Ribosome Quality Control; PDTA/RQC), mRNAs lacking an inframe stop codon (Non-Stop Decay; NSD), or defective 18S rRNAs (18S Nonfunctional rRNA Decay; 18S NRD). Previous work from our lab showed that the S. cerevisiae NGD factors DOM34 and HBS1, and PDTA/RQC factor ASC1, all participate in the kinetics of 18S NRD. Upon further investigation of 18S NRD, our research revealed the critical role of ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), thus adding to the emerging evidence that the ribosome senses its own translational status. While aberrant mRNAs mentioned above can occur endogenously, damaging agents, such as oxidative stress or UV irradiation, can negatively affect the chemical integrity of RNA. Such lesions could lead to translation errors and ribosome stalling. However, current tools to monitor the fate of damaged RNA are quite limited and only provide a low-resolution picture. Therefore, we sought to develop a deep-sequencing method to detect damaged RNA, taking
Using canopy greenness index to identify leaf ecophysiological traits during the foliar senescence in an oak forest

Camera-based observation of forest canopies allows for low-cost, continuous, high temporalspatial resolutions of plant phenology and seasonality of functional traits. In this study, we extracted canopy color index (green chromatic coordinate, Gcc) from the time-series canopy images provided by a digital camera in a deciduous forest in Massachusetts, USA. We also measured leaf-level photosynthetic activities and leaf area index (LAI) development in the field during the growing season, and corresponding leaf chlorophyll concentrations in the laboratory. We used the Bayesian change point (BCP) approach to analyze Gcc. Our results showed that (1) the date of starting decline of LAI (DOY 263), defined as the start of senescence, could be mathematically identified from the autumn Gcc pattern by analyzing change points of the Gcc curve, and Gcc is highly correlated with LAI after the first change point when LAI was decreasing (R = 0.88, LAI < 2.5 m/m); (2) the second change point of Gcc (DOY 289) started a more rapid decline of Gcc when chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis rates were relatively low (13.4 10.0% and 23.7 13.4% of their maximum values, respectively) and continuously reducing; and (3) the third change point of Gcc (DOY 295) marked the end of growing season, defined by the termination of photosynthetic activities, two weeks earlier than the end of Gcc curve decline. Our results suggested that with the change point analysis, camera-based phenology observation can effectively quantify the dynamic pattern of the start of senescence (with declining LAI) and the end of senescence (when photosynthetic activities terminated) in the deciduous forest.
GM-CSF Deficiency Reduces Macrophage PPAR-γ Expression and Aggravates Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice

Objective— Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions but its significance for lesion development is unknown. Consequently, we investigated the significance of GM-CSF expression for development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice. Methods and Results— We generated apoE−/− mice deficient in GM-CSF (apoE−/−.GM-CSF−/− mice), fed them a high-fat diet, and compared lesion development with apoE−/− mice. We measured lesion size, macrophage, smooth muscle cell, and collagen accumulation at the aortic sinus, and expression of genes that regulate cholesterol transport and inflammation. No differences in serum cholesterol were found between the 2 groups. Lesion size in hyperlipidemic apoE−/−. GM-CSF−/− increased by 30% (P<0.05), macrophage accumulation doubled, and collagen content reduced by 15% (P<0.05); smooth muscle cell accumulation and vascularity were unaffected. Analysis of PPAR-γ, ABCA1, and CD36 in lesions showed redu.
INFLUENCE OF DIETARY THREONINE AND TRYPTOPHAN SUPPLEMENTATIONS ON BROILER PRODUCTIVITY TRAITS UNDER EGYPTIAN SUMMER CONDITIONS

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding different levels of threonine and tryptophan on growth performance, some serum parameters and carcass traits of broiler chicks under Egyptian summer conditions. Three hundred and sixty Ross 308, one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allocated into nine treatments with 4 replicates of 10 chicks each. Three levels of threonine (100, 150 or 200 %) and three levels of tryptophan (100, 150 or 200%) according to dietary requirements for Ross 308 chick's guidebook were used in a factorial design arrangement to obtain nine experimental treatments. Two periodical diets were used (starter phase 1-21 days and grower phase 22-35 days). Growth performance traits including live body weight (LBW), Body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption (FC) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded at the end of each week. Carcasses were manually eviscerated and weighed. Components of total protein, albumin, cholesterol, and triglycerides were analyzed by using commercial kits. The results showed that chicks fed diet containing 200 % threonine had an improvement in live body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The performance index increased with the addition of threonine and tryptophan in the broiler diets. Serum total protein and globulin concentrations were affected by supplemental threonine and tryptophan. Dietary threonine, tryptophan did not affect serum albumin and triglycerides. Total cholesterol was increased with supplementation of threonine, tryptophan and interaction between them. Chicks fed 100% dietary threonine had the significantly better results in terms of the relative weights of carcass, edible parts and bursa compared to the chicks fed other dietary threonine levels, although tryptophan amino acid had not any significant effect on the above-mentioned traits. Giblets, liver, and heart weights percentage increase with increasing tryptophan level in the broiler diets. The relative weight of gizzard reduced with increasing level of both amino acids in the diets. In this study, it concluded that supplementation of threonine and tryptophan improves productive performance and health status of broiler chicks without imposing any toxicity as all blood components were in normal range.
Edukasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dalam Pencegahan COVID-19 Kepada Anak-Anak di Panti Asuhan

COVID-19 menyebabkan penyakit yang menyerang sistem pernapasan pada manusia. Virus ini telah menginfeksi jutaan orang sehingga menyebabkan angka kematian yang tinggi bagi penderitannya di seluruh dunia. Anak-anak termasuk juga anak-anak yatim piatu yang tinggal di panti asuhan sangat rentan terhadap penularan COVID-19. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan pendampingan kepada anak-anak panti asuhan Kasih Sayang Kota Bengkulu untuk menerapkan pola perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) agar terhindar dari penularan COVID-19. Kegiatan ini juga diikuti dengan pemberian sembako kepada anak-agar panti asuhan agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhannya selama pandemi COVID-19. Edukasi dilakukan menggunakan metode kaji tindak dengan pendekatan partisipatif. Materi edukasi yang diberikan kepada anak-anak panti asuhan diantaranya pengenalan COVID-19 dan gejalanya, cara mencuci tangan yang baik dan benar, cara menerapkan etika batuk, cara physical distancing, serta cara menerapkan pola hidup bersih dan sehat. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan terhadap PHBS dalam pencegahan COVID-19 dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab, dan demontsrasi. Penyampaian materi juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran berupa poster. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar angket untuk mengetahui pengetahuan peserta sebelum dan setelah diberikan edukasi. Hasil kegiatan menujukkan bahwa edukasi yang diberikan oleh fasilitator dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan anak-anak panti asuhan terhadap perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dalam pencegahan COVID-19. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari persentase pengetahuan peserta sebelum diberikan edukasi yaitu sebesar 74,48% yang kemudian meningkat menjadi 86,49% setelah diberikan edukasi.
What Are the Trends in PCAOB Inspections and the Reported Audit Deficiencies?

Although the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) inspections commenced in 2003, few studies have analyzed the recurring nature of audit deficiencies both within and across U.S. and non-U.S. firms. This study investigates longitudinal trends in PCAOB Part I audit deficiencies and compares these deficiencies between initial and subsequent inspections. We classify the audit deficiencies contained in the inspection reports into three categories relating to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS), and Internal Controls over Financial Reporting (ICFR). Using 1,551 inspections conducted over the period 2003–2017, we find that 67% of Part I audit deficiencies in the related reports pertain to GAAP and that triennially inspected audit firms have the highest occurrence of these deficiencies. On average, 22% of audit deficiencies relate to GAAS, with the highest incidence of these deficiencies attributable to annually inspected audit firms. Although ICFR has the least audit deficiencies (11%), we find a significant increase from 2009. We find no significant differences in the mean number of GAAP, GAAS, and ICFR audit deficiencies between first- and second-round inspections. However, we find a significant increase in the mean number of ICFR audit deficiencies between the third- to fifth-round inspections. The audit areas of “revenue recognition,”“inventory,” and “fair value measurements” (i.e., those requiring significant auditor judgment) are the most frequent audit deficiencies identified by the PCAOB. This study provides insights into the frequency and nature of audit deficiencies to stakeholders such as investors, auditors, audit committees, and users of financial statements.
Highlighting declines of cold‐demanding plant species in lowlands under climate warming

High rates of species extinction have been predicted for the next century as a consequence of climate change. Although species range shifts have been widely reported, evidence of changes in species frequency linked to recent climate change is scarce. Moreover, studies have mainly focused on mountainous ecosystems and species. There is thus a clear lack of understanding of the recent changes in species frequencies linked to climate change across their whole range. Using a large forest vegetation-plot database, we investigated changes in cold and warm-demanding forest plant species frequencies between the periods 1914–1987 and 1997–2013 in French lowlands and highlands. Changes in frequencies were assessed for 185 lowland (warm-demanding), 135 sub-montane (intermediate) and 104 montane (cold-demanding) forest plant species. Observed changes were compared to predicted changes derived from species distribution model predictions. The frequency of montane and sub-montane species strongly declined, whereas the frequency of lowland species remained steady in lowland areas. In highlands, the frequency of lowland, sub-montane and montane species increased, remained steady and decreased, respectively. Predicted and observed trends of changes in the frequency of forest plant species were in agreement. These results clearly show that cold-demanding species are currently declining in lowlands that correspond to their warm range margins, whereas warm-demanding species are expanding in highlands that correspond to their cold range margins. These trends can be seen as early signs of future regional extinction and reshuffling of the spatial presence of species due to climate warming.
Modelling leadership and team performance: the moderation of politics and leadership self-efficacy

This study develops a research model that explains the development of team performance based on team reflexivity theory and social cognitive theory. In the model, team performance relates to considerate leadership and autocratic leadership indirectly via the mediation of team reflexivity. At the same time, politics and leadership self-efficacy are hypothesised as moderators in the model. Primary and secondary data were used via a two-wave investigation from three different sources for verifying our hypotheses. The team-level analyses show that team reflexivity mediates the positive relationship between considerate leadership and team performance. Politics positively moderates the relationship between autocratic leadership and team reflexivity. Leadership self-efficacy positively moderates the relationships between autocratic leadership and team reflexivity and between considerate leadership and team reflexivity. Finally, research implications based on our empirical results are discussed.
Effect of optimization of the levels of dissolved oxygen in semen extender on physico-morphological attributes and functional membrane integrity of crossbred bull spermatozoa

The objective of present study was to investigate the effects of two different levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) i.e. 4 and 8 ppm in the extenders on physico-morphological attributes and functional membrane integrity of crossbred bull spermatozoa following cryopreservation. Only those ejaculates that had a mass activity of ³ 3+ and individual progressive motility of ³ 70% were utilized. Each of the ejaculates were divided and extended to have 80×106 spermatozoa/ mL of extender in three groups i.e. Group I (control), Group II (4 ppm) and Group III (8 ppm). Progressive motility (%) was higher (p Lass Than 0.05) in Group II and III as compared to Group I at both pre-freeze and post-thaw stage. Per cent live sperm and HOST reactive sperm were higher (p Lass Than 0.05) in Group II and in Group II and III as compared to Group I at pre-freeze and post-thaw stage, respectively. Sperm abnormality (%) was lower (p Lass Than 0.05) in Group II at post-thaw stage. Per cent acrosome intact sperm did not differ (p>0.05) among the groups at pre-freeze stage, but, were higher (p Lass Than 0.05) in Group II and III as compared to Group I at post-thaw stage. In conclusion, cryopreservation of semen having DO level of 4 ppm in semen extender yielded better results followed by 8 ppm in terms of semen quality parameters and functional membrane integrity of crossbred bull spermatozoa.
Condition-Based Maintenance Optimization for Motorized Spindles Integrating Proportional Hazard Model with SPC Charts

Reliability of motorized spindles has a great effect on the performance and productivity of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools for intelligent manufacturing. Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is an efficient method to prevent serious failures, to improve system reliability, and to reduce management costs for motorized spindles. However, owing to various degradation features acquired during condition monitoring, the challenge is to propose an appropriate feature to evaluate the reliability level of motorized spindles and to set up optimal CBM policies. Based on the motivation, a three-stage approach is proposed in this paper. In the first stage, proportional hazard model (PHM) is developed to describe the reliability considering failure events together with multiple degradation features. Next, statistical process control (SPC) charts are constructed for condition monitoring and anomaly detection in order to achieve early detection of potential failures. At last, a CBM schedule is modeled in consideration of maintenance cost minimization; the maintenance plan is optimized by determining the optimal control limits of SPC charts.
Investigating the structure, adhesion and tribological properties of Al and Zr-doped TiN coatings with various substrate bias voltage and working pressure

In this study, TiAlZrN films were coated on the hardened 1.2344 (X 40 CrMoV 5 1) steels using DC power supplied closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) technique. Structural investigations of coatings were carried out using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The thickness of coatings was measured from the cross-sectional scanning electron microscope images, and the grain size value and residual stress were calculated by using X-ray diffraction data in the Scherrer formula. Nano indentation method was used to investigate the surface hardness for reducing the substrate effect due to very thin coating thickness (∼2–3 µm). Scratch test was performed for determining the adhesion strength of the coatings. As a tribo-test, a ball-on-disk system was used. From the results, it was understood why TiAlZrN coatings were attractive. The highest hardness was observed as 50.67 GPa, and the highest scratch resistance was reached to 56 N. Also, it was determined that the coating having the highest tribological properties (5.46 × 10−5 mm3/Nm) increased the wear resistance of the substrate six times (3.06 × 10−4 mm3/Nm).