Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health measurement

Jamaicans are not atypical in how they conceptualize health and/or how they address patient care as the antithesis of diseases or dysfunctions ( i.e. health conditions). In the 1900s and earlier, Western Societies were using the biomedical model in the measurement and treatment of health, health attitudes and the utiliza-tion of health services. This approach emphasizes sickness, dysfunction, and the identification of symptomology or medical disorders to evaluate health and health care. Such an approach places significance on the end ( i.e. genetic and physical conditions), instead of the multiplicity of factors that are likely to result in the existing state, or issues outside of the space of dysfunctions. Notwithstanding the limitations of the biomedical approach, it is still practiced by many Caribbean societies, and this is fundamentally the case in Jamaica. The current paper is an examination of health measurement, and provides at the same time a rationale for the need to have a more representative model as opposed to the one-dimensional approach of using pathogens in measuring health. Owing to the importance of health in development, patient care and its significance for other areas in society, this paper seeks to broaden more than just the construct, as it goes to the core of modern societies in helping them to understand the constitution of health and how patient care should be treated. Thus, it provides a platform for the adoption of the biopsychosocial model, which integrates biological, social, cultural, psychological and environmental conditions in the assessment of health and the outcome of research, by using observational survey data.
Myxomycetes associated with the aerial litter microhabitat in a temperate deciduous forest

: The myxomycetes associated with the aerial litter microhabitat were investigated in a temperate deciduous forest in southwestern Virginia, USA. Samples of aerial litter were collected from herbaceous and woody plants and used to prepare a series of 48 moist chamber cultures. Sixty-five percent of these yielded evidence (plasmodia and/or fruiting bodies) of myxomycetes. Eleven species in nine genera were recorded, but Diderma effusum , Physarum cinereum , and Arcyria cinerea made up 66% of all specimens. Samples from herbaceous plants were relatively more productive (78% positive cultures, eight species) than those from woody plants (60% cultures, six species).
The effect of feeding Gum Arabic on serum total and lipoproteins cholesterol in Hypercholesterolemic Rats

of this study to evaluate the effect of Gum Arabic mixed diet on serum concentration of total cholesterol (TC), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed diet supplemented with cholesterol. and E. The present study concluded that the addition of Gum Arabic to rat’s diet has positive effect in lowering serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels.
Buying Imported Products Online

1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . 2 1 INTRODUCTION . 6 1.1 ONLINE SHOPPING . 6 1.2 CHINA’S BACKGROUND . 7 1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT . 9 1.4 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES . 10 2 THEORY REVIEW AND HYPOTHESIS . 11 2.1 CONSUMER BEHAVIOR TO IMPORTED PRODUCTS . 11 2.2 ONLINE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR . 12 2.3 THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR . 13 2.3.1 Intention . 13 2.3.2 Perceived Behavioral Control . 14 2.3.3 Subjective Norms . 15 2.3.4 Attitude . 16 2.4 FACTORS THAT FORM THE ATTITUDE . 17 2.4.1 Perceived risk . 17 2.4.2 Service Quality . 18 2.4.3 Website factors . 19 2.4.4 Product Variety . 20 2.4.5 Country of Origin . 21 2.4. 6 Price . 22 2.5 DEMOGRAPHICS . 23 2.5.1 Education . 24 2.5.2 Income . 24 2.5. 3 Gender . 24 2.5. 4 Age . 25 2.6 CONCEPTUAL MODEL . 26 3 METHODOLOGY . 27 3.1 RESEARCH METHOD . 27 4 3.2 SURVEY RESEARCH STRATEGY . 28 3.3 SAMPLE SELECTION . 29 3.4 DATA COLLECTION . 29 3.5 QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN . 30 3.5.1 Focus group . 30 3.5.2 Measurement . 31 3.5. 3 Pilot Testing . 34 3.6 DATA ANALYSIS . 34 3.6. 1 Factor Analysis . 35 3.6. 2 Reliability and Validity . 36 3.6. 3 Logistic Regression Analysis . 37 3.6. 4 T-­‐test . 38 3.7 RESEARCH MODEL . 38 4 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS . 39 4.1 SAMPLES AND RESPONSE RATE . 39 4.2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS . 39 4.3 RESULTS OF FACTOR ANALYSIS . 40 4.3.1 Assumptions of Factor Analysis . 40 4.3.2 Factor Analysis Results . 41 4.4 ASSESSMENT OF RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY . 42 4.4.1 Validity . 42 4.4.2 Reliability . 43 4.5 LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS . 43 4.5.1 Assumptions for Logistic Regression . 43 4.5.2 Results from Logistic Regression . 44 4.5. 3 Results relating to H1-­‐H8 . 46 4.5. 4 Results relating H9-­‐H12 . 47 4.5. 5 T-­‐test results . 48 5 DISCUSSION . 50 5.1 DISCUSSION RELATED TO THE RESULTS OF FACTORS . 50 5.1.1 H1 -­‐ Perceived Behavioral Control . 50 5.1.2 H2 -­‐Subjective norms . 50 5.1.3 H3 -­‐ Perceived risk . 51 5 5.1.4 H4 -­‐ Service quality . 52 5.1. 5 H5 -­‐ Website factors . 52 5.1. 6 H6 -­‐ Product variety . 53 5.1. 7 H7 -­‐ Country of origin . 53 5.1. 8 H8 -­‐ Price . 54 5.2 DISCUSSION ABOUT DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS . 55 6 IMPLICATION
Pre-proof Metaheuristics “ In the Large ”

Following decades of sustained improvement, metaheuristics are one of the great success stories of optimization research. However, in order for research in metaheuristics to avoid fragmentation and a lack of reproducibility, there is a pressing need for stronger scientific and computational infrastructure to support the development, analysis and comparison of new approaches. To this end, we present the vision and progress of the Metaheuristics In the Large project. The conceptual underpinnings of the project are: truly extensible algorithm templates that support reuse without modification, white box problem descriptions that provide generic support for the injection of domain specific knowledge, and remotely accessible frameworks, components and problems that will enhance reproducibility and accelerate the field’s progress. We argue that, via such principled choice of infrastructure support, the field can pursue a higher level of scientific enquiry. We describe our vision and report on progress, showing how the adoption of common protocols for all metaheuristics can help liberate the potential of the field, easing the exploration of the design space of metaheuristics.
Sensitivity Analysis of Simulation Study Results on Safety Stock Relaxation in Material Requirement Planning

—In Material Requirement Planning, the lack of capacity constraints can lead to production plans, which cannot be fulfilled on time. One countermeasure for coping with capacity problems is a temporary relaxation of safety stock, which can be implemented in different ways. In this paper, three variants for relaxing safety stock are presented and compared in a simulation study for a simple manufacturing structure. All three methods reveal a significant potential of improvement in comparison to MRP. In a sensitivity analysis, the influence of two MRP planning parameters, i.e., safety stock and production lot size, on the overall costs and the relationship between these two parameters are examined.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING FACTORY BASED LEARNING TO STRENGTHEN ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES AND INTENTIONS

The Government of the Republic of Indonesia issued Presidential Instruction No. 9/2016 on the revitalization of vocational high schools (SMK). Various vocational high schools were selected to participate in the revitalization program. Schools that are selected in the revitalization program are required to implement teaching factory-based learning (TF). SMK 1 Jombang, SMK 1 Magetan, and SMK PGRI 1 Giri Banyuwangi are 3 vocational high schools in East Java that have participated in the revitalization program since 2016, so they have implemented TF activities. This study intends to examine how the impact of the implementation of TF-based learning for strengthening students' entrepreneurial competencies and intentions. There are 4 TF models implemented by schools that are: Production Based Learning (PBL), Internship (INTRNSHP), Cooperative Education Placement (CEP), and School-Based Enterprises (SBE). This study revealed there are 2 TF-based learning models that had a very strong influence in developing entrepreneurial competencies and intentions, namely: PBL and SBE. PBL and SBE are proven capable of developing entrepreneurial competencies, both for the aspects of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. PBL has a very strong impact on the development of students’ entrepreneurial competencies, especially for the following indicators: mentality as an entrepreneur, competent in utilizing resources, capable of making business strategies, passion for entrepreneurship, and strengthening perseverance. SBE has proven to be able to foster a very strong intention in entrepreneurship, for indicators: preparing themselves as entrepreneurs, fostering a strong desire to become entrepreneurs, and reinforcing the decision of students to establish the entrepreneurial profession as the first choice. This study also revealed that the longer involvement in TF-based learning, the higher score of entrepreneurial competencies and intentions. Besides, this study also found that the sequence of effective learning models in strengthening students’ entrepreneurial competencies is: PBL, SBE, CPE, and INTRNSHP. While the sequence of effective learning models in strengthening student’ entrepreneurial intentions are: PBL, SBE, INTRNSHP, and CPE. To see the consistency of the effectiveness of the TF-based learning model in improving students' competency and entrepreneurial intention, there needs to be further research on the research theme. learning models for developing entrepreneurial competencies and fostering students' entrepreneurial intention.
Strong field induced charge transfer in bulk insulators

The rapid improvement of laser technology in the last decades enables scientists to explore ever shorter timescales of physical processes. Waveform controllable ultrashort high-intensity laser pulses can be utilized to investigate electron motion on the subfemtosecond timescale in atoms, molecules, and even solid matter. A promising branch for new technologies of this so-called field of attosecond physics is summarized by the term “lightwave electronics” based on the controlled steering of electrons by light oscillations with the vision of realizing electronic devices operating with clock speeds orders of magnitude faster than present conventional semiconductor devices. By investigating the microand macroscopic charge transfer occurring in bulk insulators this work aims at increasing the understanding of the underlying physics. The involved quantum mechanical processes are modelled by ab-initio simulations based on time-dependent density functional theory for two materials, diamond and α-quartz. This microscopic model is coupled to the macroscopic regime by combining time-dependent functional theory with Maxwell’s equations. Furthermore, a semiclassical model, intended to support the interpretation of the quantum mechanical results, is presented. Whereever possible, the results are compared to existing experimental findings. These models are applied to strong ultra-short laser pulses interacting with α-quartz and diamond in single cell and macroscopic simulations. A strong dependence of the amount of transferred charge on the carrier-envelope phase is found and explained by the semiclassical model. Investigating effects of symmetry breaking due to laser fields composed of two colors reveal strong variations of the amount of transferred charge as a function of the phase relation of the two pulses as well. These results open the pathway to designing ultra-fast light-driven switching devices for future petahertz electronics. Moreover, the applicability of time-dependent density functional theory to obtain an accurate description of the involved process can be confirmed.
Tropical Cyclone Kinematic Structure Retrieved from Single-Doppler Radar Observations. Part III: Evolution and Structures of Typhoon Alex (1987)

This paper is the third of a series that focuses on the applications of the ground-based velocity track display (GBVTD) technique and the GBVTD-simplex center ﬁnding algorithm developed in the previous two papers to a real tropical cyclone (TC). The evolution and structure of Typhoon Alex (1987), including full tangential winds, mean radial winds, one component of the mean ﬂow, and their derived axisymmetric angular momentum and perturbation pressure ﬁelds are reconstructed from 16 volume scans (6.5 h of data with a 2-h gap) from the Civil Aeronautic Administration (CAA) Doppler radar while Typhoon Alex moved across the mountainous area in northern Taiwan. This analysis retrieves a plausible and physically consistent three-dimensional primary circulation of a landfalling TC using a single ground-based Doppler radar. Highly asymmetric wind structures were resolved by the GBVTD technique where the maximum relative tangential wind at z (cid:53) 2 km evolved from 52 m s (cid:50) 1 (before landfall), to less than 40 m s (cid:50) 1 (after landfall), to less than 35 m s (cid:50) 1 (entering the East China Sea). Alex’s eye began to ﬁll with precipitation while its intensity decreased rapidly after landfall, a characteristic of circulations disrupted by terrain. The mean radial wind ﬁeld revealed a layer of low-level inﬂow in agreement with past TC observations. The outward slope of the eyewall reﬂectivity maximum was consistent with the constant angular momentum contours within the eyewall. After Alex entered the East China Sea, its circulation became more axisymmetric.Theaxisymmetric perturbation pressure ﬁeld was retrieved using the gradient wind approximation, which, when used in conjunction with one or more surface pressure measurements within the analysis domain, can estimate the central pressure. The retrieved perturbation pressure ﬁelds at two time periods were compared with surface pressures reported in northern Taiwan. Considering the assumptions involved and the inﬂuence of terrain, good agreement (only 1–2-mb deviation) was found between them. This agreement indicates the relative quality of the GBVTD-retrieved axisymmetric circulation and suggests GBVTD-retrieved quantities can be useful in operational and research applications.
Relection from a multi-species material and its transmitted efective wavenumber

We formally deduce closed-form expressions for the transmitted effective wavenumber of a material comprising multiple types of inclusions or particles (multi-species), dispersed in a uniform background medium. The expressions, derived here for the ﬁrst time, are valid for moderate volume fractions and without restriction on the frequency. We show that the multi-species effective wavenumber is not a straightforward extension of expressions for a single species. Comparisons are drawn with state-of-the-art models in acoustics by presenting numerical results for a concrete and a water–oil emulsion in two dimensions. The limit of when one species is much smaller than the other is also discussed and we determine the background medium felt by the larger species in this
E�cacy of Smartphone-Based Mobile Learning Versus Lecture-Based Learning for Instruction of Cephalometric Landmark Identi�cation

Background: Considering the increasing popularity of electronic learning, particularly smartphone-based mobile learning, and its reportedly optimal e�cacy for instruction of complicated topics, this study aimed to compare the e�cacy of smartphone-based mobile learning versus lecture-based learning for instruction of cephalometric landmark identi�cation. Methods: This quasi-experimental interventional study evaluated 53 dental students (4 th year) in two groups of intervention (n=27; smartphone instruction using an application) and control (n=26, traditional lecture-based instruction). Two weeks after the instructions, dental students were asked to identify four landmarks namely the posterior nasal spine (PNS), orbitale (Or), articulare (Ar) and gonion (Go) on lateral cephalograms. The mean coordinates of each landmark identi�ed by orthodontists served as the reference point, and the mean distance from each identi�ed point to the reference point was reported as the mean consistency while the standard deviation of this mean was reported as the precision of measurement. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 via independent sample t-test. Results: No signi�cant difference was noted between the two groups in identi�cation of PNS, Ar or Go (P>0.05). However, the mean error rate in identi�cation of Or was signi�cantly lower in smartphone group compared with the traditional learning group (P=0.020). Conclusions: Smartphone-based mobile learning had a comparable, and even slightly superior, e�cacy to lecture-based learning for instruction of cephalometric landmark identi�cation, and may be considered, at least as an adjunct, to enhance the instruction of complicated topics.
Optimal operative choice for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents: a comparative study of intramedullary flexible nails and plating

Background: Traditionally, operative treatment for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents has been achieved by a plate and screws. However, a minimally invasive trend in most of the surgeries has led the pediatric orthopedic surgeons to use elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of adolescent patients who were surgically treated with the (ESIN) and plate for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Methods: A total of 73 patients, aged between 10 years and 14 years, with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures were treated surgically from January 2014 to January 2018. Patients were categorized into two groups, ESIN (n = 45; male 27, female 18) and plate (n = 28; male17, female 11) according to surgical technique. The preoperative data, including baseline information of the patients, radiographic parameters, and types of surgical procedure, were collected from the hospital database. The postoperative data, including clinical outcome and complications, were collected during the follow-up visit. Clinical outcome was evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES). Results: The average age of the patients in the ESIN group was 12.2±1.5 years, and that in the Plate group was 12.2±1.4 years. There was a significantly less operative time, reduced estimated blood loss (EBL), shortened hospital stay and smaller incision for ESIN group as compared to the Plate group (P<0.01). The rate of scar concern was much higher in plate (14/28, 50%) than ESIN (2/45, 4.4%) , (P <0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in shoulder function between the ESIN group (94.5±2.8) and the Plate group (95.1±2.7), P = 0.36. In all the cases, implant removal was performed between 4 and 12 months postoperatively, and the ESIN group had significantly less operative time, EBL and shortened hospital stay as compared to the plate for implant removal (P<0.01). Conclusion: Both the ESIN and Plate are safe and effective treatment methods for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in
GRAIN QUALITY AND PROTEIN YIELD OF THREE BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS AS AFFECTED BY SOME HUMIC ACID AND COMPOST FERTILIZER TREATMENTS UNDER NEWLY SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS

: Two field experiments were carried out during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 winter seasons at El-Qantara East. Station, Desert Res. Center, North Sinai, Egypt to investigate the effect of some humic acid and organic compost fertilizer treatments on total carbohydrates, protein contents and protein yield/fad. , of three bread wheat cultivars, grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil. Each experiment included 48 treatments which are the combinations between three wheat cultivars (Misr-1; Sakha-94 and Gemmeiza-11), four levels of humic acid (without humic acid; 1, 2 and 3 kg/fad.) and four levels of compost fertilizer (without compost, 5, 10 and 20 ton/fad.). The results revealed significant differences among wheat cultivars for protein percentage, protein yield and total carbohydrate contents in wheat grains. The results also showed that Misr-1 cultivar significantly surpassed the other two studied cultivars in carbohydrate percentage in both seasons. However, wheat cultivar Sakha-94 exceeded markedly the other two cultivars in protein percentage and protein yield. Application of either humic acid or compost fertilizer significantly enhanced protein percentage, protein yield and total carbohydrate content in wheat grains. The highest protein yield (238 in the 1 st season and 270 kg/fad., in the 2 nd one) was produced from Sakha-94 wheat cultivar with application of 20 ton/fad. , compost in both seasons under Qantara East Area, North Sinai of Egypt.
National statutory reporting: not even ticking the boxes? The quality of ‘Learning from Deaths’ reporting in quality accounts within the NHS in England 2017–2020

Introduction Regulation through statutory reporting is used in healthcare internationally to improve accountability, quality of care and patient safety. Since 2017, within the National Health Service (NHS) in England, NHS Secondary Care Trusts (NSCTs) are legally required to report annually both quantitative and qualitative information related to patient deaths within their care within their publicly available Quality Accounts as part of a countrywide patient safety programme: The Learning from Deaths (LfDs) programme. Method All LfDs reports published between 2017 (programme inception) and 2020 were reviewed and evaluated through a critical realist lens, quantitatively reported using descriptive statistics and qualitatively using reflexive thematic analysis. Results In 2017/2018, 44% of NSCTs reported all six statutory elements of the LfDs reporting regulations, in 2019/2020 35% of NSCTs were reporting this information. A small number of NSCTs did not report any parts of the LfDs regulatory requirements between 2017 and 2020. Multiple qualitative themes arose from this study suggesting problematic engagement with the LfDs programme, erroneous reporting accuracy and errors in written communication. Conclusions The LfDs programme has, to some extent, reduced variation and improved consistency to the way that NSCTs identify, report and investigate deaths. However, 3 years into the LfDs programme, the majority of NSCTs are not reporting as required by law. This makes the validity of National statutory reporting in Quality Accounts within the NHS in England questionable as a regulatory process.