Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Liquidity in Asian Financial Markets: Crowding Out or Spillover Effect

The paper attempts to explore the relationship between the stock market and the corporate bond market, with a focus on the inter-dependency of liquidity between the two markets. The study employs a panel dataset to assess the impact of stock market liquidity on the corporate bond market liquidity for top five Asian economies (ranked by GDP) for the period 2008-2017. In contrast to limited number of earlier studies that reported a spillover effect of liquidity among the markets for stock and government bonds, the results of the present study convey that an increase in stock market liquidity tends to eat up the liquidity of the corporate bonds, even after controlling for government bond yield and inflation rate changes. The findings indicate a crowding out effect instead of a spillover effect, as indicated by related studies. The ‘flight-to-quality’ argument provides one possible explanation of liquidity moving away from one market to the other. This has an implication that if regulators’ policies are focused in developing only one type of market, it may crowd out the liquidity and the development of the other market. The study suggests the government to focus more on corporate bond market, which is yet to flourish in the Asian markets as compared to its stock market counterparts. The paper is one of the few attempts that focus on the corporate bond market and its liquidity and aims to ignite a debate on the possible linkages between liquidity of corporate bond market and the stock market.
The Origin and Evolution of Antistasin-like Proteins in Leeches (Hirudinida, Clitellata)

Abstract Bloodfeeding is employed by many parasitic animals and requires specific innovations for efficient feeding. Some of these innovations are molecular features that are related to the inhibition of hemostasis. For example, bloodfeeding insects, bats, and leeches release proteins with anticoagulatory activity through their salivary secretions. The antistasin-like protein family, composed of serine protease inhibitors with one or more antistasin-like domains, is tightly linked to inhibition of hemostasis in leeches. However, this protein family has been recorded also in non-bloodfeeding invertebrates, such as cnidarians, mollusks, polychaetes, and oligochaetes. The present study aims to 1) root the antistasin-like gene tree and delimit the major orthologous groups, 2) identify potential independent origins of salivary proteins secreted by leeches, and 3) identify major changes in domain and/or motif structure within each orthologous group. Five clades containing leech antistasin-like proteins are distinguishable through rigorous phylogenetic analyses based on nine new transcriptomes and a diverse set of comparative data: the trypsin + leukocyte elastase inhibitors clade, the antistasin clade, the therostasin clade, and two additional, unnamed clades. The antistasin-like gene tree supports multiple origins of leech antistasin-like proteins due to the presence of both leech and non-leech sequences in one of the unnamed clades, but a single origin of factor Xa and trypsin + leukocyte elastase inhibitors. This is further supported by three sequence motifs that are exclusive to antistasins, the trypsin + leukocyte elastase inhibitor clade, and the therostasin clade, respectively. We discuss the implications of our findings for the evolution of this diverse family of leech anticoagulants.
Pengaruh Knowledge Management terhadap Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia dan Kinerja Karyawan Perhotelan di Sulawesi Selatan

Many studies have linked knowledge management and human resource development to create standardized services. However, the relationship between the two in the hospitality industry is still lacking as an object of research. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of knowledge management on the development of hospitality HR in South Sulawesi. This research uses a quantitative approach with inferential statistical analysis. This research was conducted in three selected districts, namely, Bone Regency, Soppeng Regency, and Wajo Regency, which were the research locus. The population in this study were all-star and non-star hotel employees in the three districts. The total sample is 200 hotel employees and respondents are selected using the accidental method. Data collection using a questionnaire that was built based on previous research. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling, which is processed in Linear Structural Relation software (LISREL 8.5). The results indicated that there was a significant influence on the development of human resources in hospitality. This means that to improve the outcome of hospitality HR including education, training and the development of the hospitality industry is required to be able to maintain and maintain knowledge management through the implementation of job procedures, able to transfer personal knowledge and technological mastery. Knowledge management directly has a little positive and significant impact on employee performance, but simultaneously Knowledge Management has a very positive and significant effect on employee performance through HR development. This research implies that performance-based training and development and application of knowledge management should be carried out simultaneously in the hospitality industry to produce standardized services in each district.Keywords: Employee Performance; Human Resource Development; Knowledge Management; Linear; Structural Equation Modeling; and Structural Relation software.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND LOW BACK PAIN IN MUNICIPALITY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAMS FOR FEMALE PARTICIPANTS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between low back pain (LBP) and factors such as education level and years of work in 131 women aged 42±1.10 years, participating in the "Sports for All" municipal physical activity (PA) programs in Greece. To evaluate how PA affects the intensity of pain, the questionnaires “Grading the Severity of Chronic Pain-GSCP” and the “A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire-FABQ” were used. Analysis of Variation and the Tuckey post hoc tests calculated the difference among the questions of each of the questionnaires. Statistically significant differences were determined for three questions. Female participants with a medium or low level of education show less or no improvement in LBP. Concerning years of work, participants with fewer years of work suffer from higher LBP levels than the ones already working for longer time. Future studies of the relationship between specific PA programs, the content and nature of one’s job and the appearance of LBP are needed.
Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Sorghum bicolor L. under Intercropping with Legumes and Different Weed Control Methods

In order to evaluate the quantity and quality of forage when intercropping forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) with lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), and using different weed management methods such as double cropping, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the research station of the University of Zanjan over two growing seasons (2015 and 2016). In this experiment, the intercropping of forage sorghum with lathyrus and hairy vetch at six levels with single cropping of forage sorghum, lathyrus, and hairy vetch, and three weed management strategies (no weed control, full weed control, and single weed control) was evaluated. The results showed that most forage sorghum traits were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected by different sowing ratios. The highest fresh forage yield of sorghum (77.9 ton/ha) and lowest (49.0 ton/ha) were obtained with sorghum + 33% hairy vetch and sorghum + 100% lathyrus, respectively. Forage qualitative traits were also affected by intercropping and weed management. The highest average acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and total ash percentage (ASH) were obtained with 100% sorghum + 66% lathyrus and 33% hairy vetch. The results showed that sorghum intercropping with 33% lathyrus led to a significant reduction in dry matter intake and relative feed value with no weed control and single weed control. This study demonstrated that, by selecting the appropriate intercropping ratios and forage legumes, we could largely control sorghum weeds in addition to improving the quantitative and qualitative yield of sorghum forage.
Assessment of Factors Governing Biodegradability of PAHs in Three Soils Aged Under Field Conditions

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants of great environmental concern due to their toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. This study correlates soil characteristics (i.e. soil organic matter, particle- and pore-size distribution) with extractability and toxicity data (LUMIStox, Ostracod) to investigate factors that govern biodegradability of PAHs in three historically contaminated soils. Desorption of PAHs occurred most readily from soil TA1 (82%), followed by soil AS3.7 (69%) and soil WG2 (20%). This is in line with toxicity data, as the soil in which the greatest contaminant desorption (SFE) was observed exhibited the highest toxicity (TA1). Of the three soils, pronounced biodegradation of 2-4-ring, and slight biodegradation of 5-ring PAHs was observed only in AS3.7, while no decrease of PAHs was reported for soils WG2 and TA1 during the degradation experiment. Strong sorption reduced pollutant bioavailability in WG2 and hence hampered biodegradation. By contrast, pollutant sorption was weak in TA1 and microbial activity was most likely inhibited due to high toxicity in this soil. Based on our results we conclude that biodegradation of PAHs in soils is determined by a number of phenomena with complex interactions between them. Consideration of a single factor will be misleading and may result in false prediction of the biodegradation potential.
Assignment of Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata to Its Origin through Scale Shape and Microchemistry Composition: Management Implications for Aquaculture Escapees

This study tests the suitability of the gilthead seabream scales as a proxy for origin selection in wild and anthropogenically pressured environments. Scale morphology and microchemistry were used to discriminate the habitat selection of two wild, farmed and wild farm-associated populations where landmark and outline-based scale morphometrics, trace-element chemistry and scale microstructure characteristics were analysed. The morphometric techniques successfully differentiated between the farmed and wild origin scale phenotypes. Reduced discrimination sensitivity between the wild and wild farm-associated origin was, however, reported. The discrimination based on microchemistry (B, Ba, Mn, K, Sr and Zn) classified the scales with high accuracy according to their origin (wild vs. farmed vs. wild farm-associated) and sampling locations, thus proving itself as a powerful tool in provenance study of gilthead seabream. Disparity in scale microstructure characteristics accounted for radii, circuli and inter-circulus spacing, hence unveiling the differences in growth and environmental conditions between the wild and farmed fish. In brief, scale shape was found to be a potent exploration tool for farmed fish identification, whereas scale microchemistry yielded a good resolution in identifying gilthead seabream membership among different habitats. Considering the importance of this species in aquaculture and fisheries throughout the Mediterranean, more research is needed to assess the usefulness of scales as nonlethal biogeochemical tags.
Penetration Enhancement Effect of Turpentine Oil on Transdermal Film of Ketorolac

Purpose: To prepare transdermal films of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) and study the effect of turpentine oil as a penetration enhancer for the drug. Methods: Transdermal films of KT were prepared with Carbopol-934 and ethyl cellulose, with turpentine oil as the penetration enhancer, using solvent evaporation method. The films were characterized for physicochemical properties, ex vivo permeation, as well as in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in Wistar rats. Results: The transdermal films were uniform in weight and thickness, flat, with high drug content (93.9 to 98.5 %) and of high folding endurance (134.0 to 180.0). Drug permeation through excised rat abdominal skin was prolonged, with the total drug release ranging from 58.88 to 88.98 % in 24 h. The films containing penetration enhancer showed higher drug permeation than the one without the enhancer; furthermore, drug permeation increased with increase in the concentration of the enhancer. The films were non-irritant to the skin. The transdermal films prepared with permeation enhancers showed greater anti-inflammatory activity (87.55 ± 2.50 and 83.24 ± 2.29 % inhibition of rat paw edema at the end of 12 h for formulations F2 and F3, respectively, compared to that of the formulation without enhancer with 69.99 %) as well as greater analgesic activity (quicker onset of analgesia in 1.5 h with longer duration of 10 to 12 h). Conclusion: Transdermal films of ketorolac have a potential for use in the treatment of pain andinflammation. Incorporation of turpentine oil in the films enhances not only drug flux but also analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in rats.
Developmental idiosyncratic i-deals and its influence on promotability decisions: the joint roles of proactive personality and developmental challenge

Abstract This study explores the role of idiosyncratic developmental deals (i-deals) in shaping the career of employees. The study tests how employees use i-deals to influence promotability decisions legitimately. The study proposes that i-deals develop new skills through the developmental challenge to navigate future growth. Since proactive employees are more likely to negotiate developmental i-deals to obtain developmental challenge, the study evaluates the moderating role of proactive personality. Strong performance in a developmental challenge influences promotability decisions as it signals what employees can do. Multi-source data were collected from junior mangers and their supervisors at different time points from a large information technology organization based in India. Data analyses comprised of regression analyses to test the hypotheses followed by process modeling to examine the conditional indirect effects was conducted. The results indicate the moderating role proactive personality between developmental i-deals and developmental challenge. Additionally, developmental challenge mediates the moderation effects of proactive personality, thereby, confirming the mediated moderation. The study highlights the implications for i-deals and personality research.
Early Vital Indicators of Newborns Born After Medically Assisted Reproduction

1 Institute of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Croatia 2 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Genetics, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Paediatric Clinic, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Croatia 3 Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Croatia 4 Institute of Cardiology, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Croatia 5 Paediatric Clinic, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Croatia
The Impact of Intergovernmental Transfers on Fiscal Behaviour of Local Governments in Ethiopia

This paper examines the effect of intergovernmental fiscal transfers on the fiscal behaviour of local governments in Ethiopia for the period 2004-2018. The empirical findings suggest that central government grants bolster state-level employment and expenditure. However, grants from the central government to states do not crowd out state-level revenue collection. Hence, this paper argues that fiscal decentralisation in Ethiopia has mostly, at least in theory, taken the form of devolution of the power to tax and spend public money. However, on average state-level revenue can only finance up to 26 per cent of their annual expenditure. As a result, fiscal federalism in Ethiopia appears to be a form of delegation of spending responsibilities. It has to be considered in the context of a decentralised tax system, but with a transfer scheme and political hierarchy. The results are found to be robust to alternative econometric estimation techniques.
The Effect Of Saving And Deposit Of Sharia Banks To Gross Domestic Product

This topic was chosen because the author wants to know the effect of Islamic bank savings and deposits on Gross Domestic Products so that they can be input for Islamic banks in Indonesia. The research methods used in this research are research flow diagrams, data collection, literature study, problem identification, preprocessing, data analysis (data analysis used is multiple linear regression, normality test, classic assumption test (multicollinearity test and autocorrelation test), statistics (coefficient of determination (R 2 ), statistical F test, and statistical t test), results of data analysis, final evaluation, research approaches, and research hypotheses.The results of this study are sharia bank savings variables have no effect and are not significant on the Gross Domestic Product variable while sharia bank deposit variables influence and significantly influence the Gross Domestic Product variables, then sharia bank savings variables and sharia bank deposit variables simultaneously significantly influence the Gross Domestic Product variables.This topic is important because sharia bank deposits and deposits are investment vehicles for the people who will certainly influence for economic growth and Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product Keywords: S avings, Deposits, Gross Domestic Product, Islamic Banks S avings, Deposits, Gross Domestic Product, Islamic Banks.
Priority species to support the functional integrity of coral reefs

Ecosystem-based management on coral reefs has historically focussed on biodiversity conservation through the establishment of marine reserves, but it is increasingly recognised that a subset of species can be key to the maintenance of ecosystem processes and functioning. Specific provisions for these key taxa are essential to biodiversity conservation and resilience-based adaptive management. While a wealth of literature addresses ecosystem functioning on coral reefs, available information covers only a subset of specific taxa, ecological processes and environmental
Efficacy of Nigella sativa oil and its chitosan loaded nanoparticles on experimental cystic echinoncoccosis with immunological assessment

ABSTRACT Background:Cystic echinococcosis is frequent worldwide disease. Surgery is the main policy of treatment. The benzimidazoles are the drug of choice as adjuvant therapy besides surgery, but they have some drawbacks, so there is a pressing need to develop other safe and cheap drugs as an herbal extract. Objective:In this study, Nigella sativa oil (NSO) was used either as monotherapy or with combination with Albendazole. To increase its efficacy we used Chitosan nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for both drugs. Methodology:Mice were infected with nearly 1000 protoscolices /each mouse and subdivided into 7 groups, group2 (non treated),G3 treated with Albendazole,G4 with NSO,G5 treated with NSO and Albendazole,G6 treated with Albendazole loaded on Chitosan nanoparticles,G7 treated with NSO loaded on Chitosan nanoparticles and G8 infected and treated with Albendazole loaded on Chitosan nanoparticles and NSO loaded on Chitosan nanoparticles in addition to G1 which is the healthy normal group. Serum was collected for biochemical and serological assay and the liver was collected for histopathology. Results:The results revealed that a significant increase of IL5 in all treated groups to reach the highest value in group 8. There was a significant decrease of TNF-α in all treated groups in comparison to groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001). Nitric oxide (NO) level, there was a significant increase in its mean value in groups loaded on Chitosan nanoparticles in comparison to G2. Conclusion:Chitosan nanoparticles has modified the character of NSO and increased its efficacy.
After-service gifts: evaluating how presence, context and value impact customer satisfaction and customer delight

ABSTRACT Many firms aim to create positive emotional experiences, and even delight, for their customers with the end desire of creating loyal customers. However, there is a lack of research evaluating tactics that firms can employ to create these emotions. In response, the current research evaluates the impact of an after-service gift on customer emotions and ultimately recommendation intentions. Across two studies, results show the effectiveness of the after-service gift in creating customer delight, but not customer satisfaction. Both context (degree of luxury) and value of the after-service gift moderate the relationships between the gift and the customer reaction.
Effect of Neodymium Doping on the Structure and Optical Properties of Mesoporous TiO2 Thin Films

Mesoporous TiO2 thin films doped with varying amounts of neodymium have been synthesized via a copolymer templated sol‐gel route. The films exhibited highly ordered mesostructures at low levels of neodymium doping, and disordered mesostructures at high dopant levels (i.e., Nd/Ti ≥ 30 mol%). As the neodymium concentration increased, the films showed degradation in the nanocrystallinity, indicating that the presence of neodymium dopants adversely affects the growth of titania nanocrystallites. Moreover, the addition of neodymium resulted in a marked blue shift of the absorption edge and an evident increase in bandgap energy for the mesoporous TiO2 thin films.
The effect of audit partner style on financial statement comparability

ABSTRACT Several studies provide evidence that auditors play an important role in the implementation of accounting comparability. We extend this line of research by examining whether comparability in accounting earnings between two firms is affected by auditor industry expertise measured at the partner level. Using 45,741 pairs of firms over the period 2003–2016, we find that the accounting comparability between two firms in a pair is higher when they are audited by the same expert partner than when they are audited by the same non-expert partner. The findings suggest that the degree of accounting comparability within a partner’s clientele is influenced by the industry expertise of the individual audit partner. Specifically, expert partners are more likely to provide consistent implementation of auditing standards and enforcement of accounting standards across their client base. These findings are robust to various sensitivity tests including using alternative measures of comparability, industry expertise and pair-matching methods.