Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ion energy scaling under optimum conditions of laser plasma acceleration from solid density targets

A new, maximum proton energy, e, scaling law with the laser pulse energy, EL, has been derived for solid density foils from the results of 3D particle-in-cell simulations. Utilizing numerical modeling, protons are accelerated during interactions of the femtosecond relativistic laser pulses with the plain semitransparent targets of optimum thickness. The scaling, e ∼ E 0.7 L , has been obtained for the wide range of laser energies, different spot sizes, and laser pulse durations. Our results show that the proper selection of foil target optimum thicknesses results in a very promising increase of the proton energy with the laser intensity even in the range of parameters below the radiation pressure (light sail) regime. The proposed analytical model is consistent with numerical simulations.
Genetic Loci in Phospholipase C-Like 1 (PLCL1) are Protective Factors for Allergic Rhinitis in Han Population of Northern Shaanxi, China

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common allergic disease in otolaryngology. Its pathogenesis is still unclear. PLC1 plays a key role in calcium homeostasis and immune response, which is potentially related to AR. We aimed to explore the association between PLCL1 genetic loci and susceptibility to AR. Methods We recruited 1975 volunteers to perform an association analysis through SNPStats online software. False-positive report probability (FPRP) analysis was used to detect whether the positive findings were worth noting. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis were completed through Haploview and SNPStats. The influence of SNP-SNP interaction on AR susceptibility was evaluated through multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). Results The results showed that four genetic loci in PLCL1 (rs2139049, rs212164068, rs2228135, and rs6738825) are associated with AR susceptibility under multiple genetic models. Allele “A” of PLCL1-rs2139049 (OR = 0.85, p = 0.031) or of -rs212164068 (OR = 0.85, p = 0.030), and allele “G” of PLCL1-rs6738825 (OR = 0.84, p = 0.022) are significantly associated with reduced AR risk. PLCL1-rs2228135 is associated with an increased risk of AR in males or participants older than 43 years of age. FPRP analysis showed that most of positive results are noteworthy findings. Three loci model composed of rs2139049, rs2164068, and rs2228135 is the best model for predicting AR risk (p = 0.0022). In addition, the haplotype “Grs2139049Ars6738825Ars2164068Ars2228135” (OR = 0.50, p = 0.033) can reduce the AR risk. Conclusion Allele “A” of PLCL1-rs2139049, allele “A” of -rs212164068, and allele “G” of PLCL1-rs6738825 are protective factors of AR in Han population from northern Shaanxi, China.
Observation of CP violation in $D^0$→$K^-π^+$ as a smoking gun for new physics

In this paper, we study the Cabibbo favored nonleptonic D0 decays into K-π+ decays. First we show that, within the Standard Model (SM), the corresponding charge conjugation and parity (CP) asymmetry is strongly suppressed and out of the experimental range, even taking into account the large strong phases coming from final state interactions. We show also that although new physics models with extra sequential generation can enhance the CP asymmetry by a few orders of magnitude, the resulting CP asymmetry is still far from the experimental range. The most sensitive new physics models to this CP asymmetry come from nonmanifest left-right models, where a CP asymmetry up to 10% can be reached, and the general two-Higgs model extension of the SM, where a CP asymmetry of order 10-2 can be obtained without being in contradiction with the experimental constraints on these models.
Genetic Parameters of Direct and Maternal Effects for Birth Weight of Friesian Calves under Egyptian Farm conditions

A total of 4889 birth weight (BW) records on calves of 1609 Friesian cows in Sakha experimental farm were collected between 1975 and 2020 year. The analytical model included the fixed effects of the parity, calving year and season, age at first calving, gestation period length and calf sex. Variance components, heritabilities, direct maternal correlations and breeding values (BV) were estimated using VCE6 program . Genetic trends of calves BW were evaluated by regressing BV on years of calving using GLM process of SAS software. Results showed highly (P≤ 0.001) significant effects of all studied fixed effects on BW. Direct (h 2a ), sire (h 2s ), maternal (h 2m ) and total (h 2t ) heritabilities and direct maternal correlations (r am ) estimates were 0.01, 0.10, 0.05, 0.09 and 0.01, respectively. Estimated BVs of calves, sires and dams ranged from -6.71 to 6.84, -6.04 to 4.38 and -7.29 to 8.86 kg, respectively. Range of BVs for dams was higher than for sires and calves, but the accuracy of calves BVs were higher than others. The genetic trend was not different from zero showing no indication of change in the genetic merit of BW in this farm during the period of study.Dam selection proved to be important for inducing high genetic progress in BW during the subsequent generation. Moreover, BV estimates of calves BW achieved higher accuracy ranging from 0.69 – 0.81% comparing to those for sires and dams by indirect selection. However, improvement in calves BW may also be achieved by practicing better management programs in this herd.
The Outcome of Daily Low Dose of Tadalafil in Diabetic Men with Erectile Dysfunction

Background: Men with diabetes mellitus frequently experience erectile dysfunction (ED). Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not 5 mg of tadalafil daily is effective in treating erectile dysfunction in men who are diabetic. Patients and methods: In this trial, 50 diabetic males with ED were given 5 mg of tadalafil once daily for 12 weeks. Using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and penis-specific Color Duplex Doppler Ultrasonography, researchers evaluated tadalafil's effects on erection quality and duration. Results : Age of 45 was the median, and the average body mass index was 30.3 kg/m², 54 % of them were smokers. We found statistical significant (p-value < 0.001) increased 12 weeks IIEF score (median = 18.5, IQR = 13 – 22) when compared baseline IIEF score (median = 12.4, IQR = 10 – 17). Our results showed statistical significant (p-value < 0.001) increased 12 weeks PSV (median = 36, IQR = 35 – 37) when compared with baseline PSV (median = 33, IQR = 30 – 35). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we demonstrated that smoking, BMI, dyslipidemia and bad glycemic control were predictive factors for ED severity. Conclusion : Taking 5 milligrams of tadalafil once a day may help diabetic men's erectile dysfunction.
Antibiotic-Loaded Hyperbranched Polyester Embedded into Peptide-Enriched Silk Fibroin for the Treatment of Orthopedic or Dental Infections

The development of innovative osteoconductive matrices, which are enriched with antibiotic delivery nanosystems, has the invaluable potential to achieve both local contaminant eradication and the osseointegration of implanted devices. With the aim of producing safe, bioactive materials that have osteoconductive and antibacterial properties, novel, antibiotic-loaded, functionalized nanoparticles (AFN)—based on carboxylic acid functionalized hyperbranched aliphatic polyester (CHAP) that can be integrated into peptide-enriched silk fibroin (PSF) matrices with osteoconductive properties—were successfully synthesized. The obtained AFNPSF sponges were first physico-chemically characterized and then tested in vitro against eukaryotic cells and bacteria involved in orthopedic or oral infections. The biocompatibility and microbiological tests confirmed the promising characteristics of the AFN-PSF products for both orthopedic and dental applications. These preliminary results encourage the establishment of AFN-PSF-based preventative strategies in the fight against implant-related infections.
Factors Influencing marine wildlife voluntourists’ satisfaction and post-experience attitudes: evidence from Southern Africa

ABSTRACT Marine wildlife voluntourism (MVT) is a niche with potential that warrants research on the dynamics underpinning MVT experiences, to steer sustainable development. This study investigated influential factors in marine wildlife voluntourists’ satisfaction and post-experience attitudes, through structural equation modelling (SEM). Southern Africa was the location of the research, given its growing popularity as an MVT destination and its need for marine conservation efforts. From June 2019 to June 2020, a questionnaire survey was administered to 142 tourists at three MVT organisations in South Africa, Mozambique and Madagascar. SEM identified ecocentric motivations and the perceived ethical conduct of MVT organisations as positively influencing satisfaction and post-experience attitudes towards education, the environment, compliance and advocacy, volunteering, citizen science, career choices, and paying for conservation. This study emphasised the importance of coupling the right tourist mindset with ethical roundness to make MVT a successful form of tourism with multiple direct and indirect benefits.
Challenging Behaviors as a Relational Phenomenon: Findings From a Qualitative Study in a Nursing Home in Norway

Challenging behaviors are common in nursing homes. Drawing on rich qualitative data from fieldwork and in-depth interviews with staff in a nursing home in Norway, we will explore (a) how challenging behaviors unfolded, and (b) how such incidents were handled and talked about among staff. Our data is presented firstly through Anna’s story as an introduction to discussing: (1) the problem of contrasting approaches to avoid challenging behaviors and (2) the importance of knowing the resident. Christopher’s story then works as an introduction to discuss (3) the importance of understanding how to prioritize, (4) the importance of caring with connection and concern, and (5) the importance of sharing success stories among staff. In conclusion we argue that we should develop a more flexible organizational culture and a staffing practice in which care workers are empowered to use their discretion and thus to care for the residents with more connection and sensitivity than is currently the case.
Changes in Nurses’ Sense of Calling During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

This study investigated changes in nurses’ sense of calling during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as possible reasons for these changes. A total of 440 nurses in Turkey responded to a single open-ended question about their work attitudes and experiences. Emergent Qualitative Document Analysis (QDA) was used to analyze the responses. Results demonstrated that nurses experienced both positive and negative changes to their sense of calling, sometimes simultaneously. The most frequently cited reasons for positive changes were nurses’ perceived job significance, their desire to serve humanity, and a sense of meaningful work. In contrast, terms describing their reasons for experiencing negative changes include exhaustion, underpaid, unappreciated, overwork, disengagement, risky, stress, and anxiety. This study provides the first evidence on how a sense of calling experienced by Turkish nurses has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Implications for theory, research, and practice are explored.
Proactive Immunotherapeutic Approaches against Inflammatory Breast Cancer May Improve Patient Outcomes

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is highly metastatic at the onset of the disease with no IBC-specific treatments, resulting in dismal patient survival. IBC treatment is a clear unmet clinical need. This commentary highlights findings from a recent seminal approach in which pembrolizumab, a checkpoint inhibitor against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), was provided to a triple-negative IBC patient as a neoadjuvant immune therapy combined with anthracycline–taxane-based chemotherapy. We highlight the findings of the case report and offer a perspective on taking a proactive approach to deploy approved immune checkpoint inhibitors. On the basis of our recently published research study, we propose in situ vaccination with direct injection of immunostimulatory agents into the tumor as an option to improve outcomes safely, effectively, and economically for IBC patients.
Targeted L1-Regularization and Joint Modeling of Neural Networks for Causal Inference

The calculation of the Augmented Inverse Probability Weighting (AIPW) estimator of the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) is carried out in two steps, where in the first step, the treatment and outcome are modeled, and in the second step, the predictions are inserted into the AIPW estimator. The model misspecification in the first step has led researchers to utilize Machine Learning algorithms instead of parametric algorithms. However, the existence of strong confounders and/or Instrumental Variables (IVs) can lead the complex ML algorithms to provide perfect predictions for the treatment model which can violate the positivity assumption and elevate the variance of AIPW estimators. Thus the complexity of ML algorithms must be controlled to avoid perfect predictions for the treatment model while still learning the relationship between the confounders and the treatment and outcome. We use two NN architectures with an L1-regularization on specific NN parameters and investigate how their certain hyperparameters should be tuned in the presence of confounders and IVs to achieve a low bias-variance tradeoff for ATE estimators such as AIPW estimator. Through simulation results, we will provide recommendations as to how NNs can be employed for ATE estimation.
EFFECT OF USING SINGLE AND COMPOSITE INOCULATION WITH Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum AND Glomus macrocarpus FOR IMPROVING GROWTH OF Zea mays

The interaction between single and/or composite inoculant of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria & VA mycorrhiza in association with Zea mays was investigated in a pot experiment in clayey soil under green house conditions. The inoculation significantly increased plant dry weight particularly by composite inoculant. The maximum increase in plant growth was recorded in triple inoculant treatments in the presence of the half-dose of N fertilizer. Significant increase in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content was observed in inoculated plants, particularly with inoculants of the three microbial form, phosphate-dissolving bacteria and phosphate-dissolving bacteria + VA mycorrhiza. Full dose of N fertilization inhibited nitrogenase activity. On the other hand, the highest acetylene reduction activity was observed among maize plants roots associated with Azospirillum either in single or composite biopreparations and in the presence of ¼ N dose after 30 and 60 days. Maize plants inoculation increased numbers of total viable bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, Azospirillum sp as well as the mycorrhizal colonization in the rhizosphere soil. The results obtained from this work demonstrate the potential benefit of inoculating Zea mays with a composite inoculum of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria and VA mycorrhiza.
Testing association between spatial processes

This paper addresses the study of association between two spatial processes. In particular, we consider the properties of modified tests of the empirical correlation coefficient between the processes. We show that by a simple adjustment, correct level of significance can be reached and that the power under a simple linear alternative is compatible with that of a standard test in an equivalent situation. These tests can be applied both to regularly and irregularly spaced points and can be considered as a first step in an analysis of association when detailed spatial modelling is not suitable. Application of these tests to data gives pivotal confidence interval for the regression coefficient. Furthermore, if one is prepared to model the observed covariance structure, Monte Carlo tests of association can be performed. In the examples investigated, which concern the relationship between lung cancer, smoking, and industrial factors,the results from the two types of testing procedures were close.
DISCOVERY OF z ∼ 8 GALAXIES IN THE HUBBLE ULTRA DEEP FIELD FROM ULTRA-DEEP WFC3/IR OBSERVATIONS

We utilize the newly acquired, ultra-deep WFC3/IR observations over the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) to search for star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 8–8.5, only 600 million years from recombination, using a Y105-dropout selection. The new 4.7 arcmin2 WFC3/IR observations reach to ∼28.8 AB mag (5σ) in the Y105J125H160 bands. These remarkable data reach ∼1.5 AB mag deeper than the previous data over the HUDF, and now are an excellent match to the HUDF optical ACS data. For our search criteria, we use a two-color Lyman break selection technique to identify z ∼ 8–8.5Y105-dropouts. We find five likely z ∼ 8–8.5 candidates. The sources have H160-band magnitudes of ∼28.3 AB mag and very blue UV-continuum slopes, with a median estimated β of ≲−2.5 (where fλ ∝ λβ). This suggests that z ∼ 8 galaxies are not only essentially dust free but also may have very young ages or low metallicities. The observed number of Y105-dropout candidates is smaller than the 20 ± 6 sources expected assuming no evolution from z ∼ 6, but is consistent with the five expected extrapolating the Bouwens et al. luminosity function (LF) results to z ∼ 8. These results provide evidence that the evolution in the LF seen from z ∼ 7 to z ∼ 3 continues to z ∼ 8. The remarkable improvement in the sensitivity of WFC3/IR has enabled Hubble Space Telescope to cross a threshold, revealing star-forming galaxies at z∼ 8–9.
An Experimental Study of Spatial Vocabulary Teaching in the Subject of English through Four Steps Strategy at Elementary Level

The study was an experimental study of spatial vocabulary in the subject of English. The subject was taught through four steps strategy at elementary level. Also the same subject was taught through lecture method. The major objectives of the study were: (i) to explore the effects of four steps strategy on the spatial vocabulary enhancement of elementary school students, (ii) to investigate the effect of four steps strategy on the spatial vocabulary enhancement of male elementary students, (iii) to measure the effect of four steps strategy on the spatial vocabulary enhancement of female elementary school students. To achieve the objectives, the following null hypotheses were tested: (i) there is no significant effect of four steps strategy on the spatial vocabulary enhancement of elementary school students, (ii) there is no significant effects of four steps strategy on the spatial vocabulary enhancement of male elementary school students. All the students of Grade-III from Army Public Schools and Colleges of province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were the population of this study. Sample of the study was 20 students (girls & boys) of Army Public School and College (Iqra) Risalpur Cantt District Nowshera by using random sampling technique. Pre-test and post-test single group four cycle designs were used as a tool for data collection in this study to measure the performance of the students. In four cycle experimental design, same group was exposed to experiment and lecture method of teaching. After the exposing, groups (experimental/control) were interchanged for getting accurate results. The data obtained was tabulated and analysed using paired t-test in the light objectives of the study. The analysis of the collected data revealed the following findings; it was revealed from the results that four steps strategy had significant effect on spatial vocabulary enhancement at elementary level. The result of the study showed that four steps strategy had significant effect on the spatial vocabulary enhancement of male and female elementary school students. It is recommended that the teacher should apply four steps strategy to foster the academic achievements of the students. This study will be beneficial for students, teachers and curriculum developer.
Hadronic Contributions to R and g-2 from Initial-State-Radiation Data

I review the recent efforts to improve the precision of the prediction of the anomalous moment of the muon, in particular of the hadronic contribution of the vacuum polarization, which is the contribution with the largest uncertainty. Focus is given to the recent result for e+e- -> pi+pi- by the BaBar collaboration, obtained using events with radiation in the initial state.
Successful Treatment of Severe Ulcerative Dermatitis in an Aubry's Flapshell Turtle (Cycloderma aubryi )

Abstract An adult, wild-caught, intact female Aubry's flapshell turtle (Cycloderma aubryi), that had been in the collection for 21 months, presented with rapid onset of multifocal, tan-white, 1.5 cm and smaller, crateriform, ulcerated lesions on the carapace and plastron. Empirical antibiotic therapy, initiated on the suspicion of an infectious etiology, yielded no clinical improvement and the disease progressed. Multifocal osteomyelitis was visible deep to the dermatological lesions on the carapace and plastron on computed tomography (CT) imaging, and culture results included Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Achromobacter (Alcaligenes) xylosoxidans. Two months after surgical debridement and ostectomy, healing of lesions was incomplete and slow to progress. Photobiomodulation (PBM) was initiated on some of the lesions, and the treated lesions showed grossly visible indications of progressive healing after 17 days; there were no indications of healing in the untreated lesions. All lesions were subsequently treated with PBM, and the patient made a full recovery. This case report describes successful treatment of severe ulcerative dermatitis in a softshell turtle using advanced imaging (CT), surgical debridement and ostectomy, supportive care, husbandry modifications, and PBM. This report highlights that PBM can be a valuable therapeutic tool that should be considered for treatment of ulcerative dermatitis in softshell turtles, especially in patients with delayed wound healing or chronic dermatologic lesions.
Airway Management during Massive Gastric Regurgitation Using VieScope or Macintosh Laryngoscope—A Randomized, Controlled Simulation Trial

In this model of massive gastric aspiration, we compared two different laryngoscopes (VieScope and Macintosh) in a randomized, controlled simulation study. The primary endpoint was time to intubation; the secondary endpoints were intubation success (i.e., tracheal tube position) and amount of pulmonary aspiration. Thirty-four anesthetists performed endotracheal intubation using VieScope and Macintosh laryngoscopy in a randomized order on an airway manikin simulating massive regurgitation of gastric fluid. The primary endpoint “time until intubation” could be achieved significantly faster (mean −12.4 s [95% confidence intervals (CI) −19.7 s; −7.3 s]) with Macintosh compared to VieScope (p < 0.001). Concerning “correct tube position”, no statistical difference was found between the devices (p = 1.0). The mean time to first ventilation was −11.1 s [95% CI −18.3 s; −5.3 s] when using Macintosh (p = 0.001). The mean volume of aspirated gastric fluid was lower in the Macintosh group: −90.0 mL [95% CI −235.0 mL; −27.5 mL] (p = 0.011). Data from this simulation study suggest that in a model of massive gastric regurgitation, airway management can be achieved faster and with less gastric aspiration when using a Macintosh laryngoscope compared to a VieScope laryngoscope.