Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Mn doping on temperature-dependent magnetic properties of L10 FeMnPt

We report the effect of Mn doping on temperature-dependent magnetic properties of L10 FeMnPt (001) epitaxial films. (001) textured L10 Fe50−xMnxPt50 (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 at. %) films were prepared by cosputtering Fe, Pt, and Mn onto MgO single crystal substrates at 550 °C. θ–2θ XRD scans indicated the lattice parameter c increased whereas the ordering parameter S decreased with Mn doping. The thermal magnetic properties measured using a superconducting quantum interference device showed that Curie temperature TC could be reduced to 500 K with 15 at. % Mn doping, but Ku was decreased to 1.6 × 107 erg/cm3. The relation of temperature-dependent anisotropy and saturation magnetization showed that it did not obey the Callen–Callen theory.
Dietary zinc restriction affects the expression of genes related to immunity and stress response in the small intestine of pigs

Abstract Zinc (Zn) is an essential mineral and its deficiency manifests in non-specific clinical signs that require long time to develop. The response of swine intestine to Zn restriction was evaluated to identify early changes that can be indicative of Zn deficiency. Twenty-seven pigs (body weight = 77⋅5 ± 2⋅5 kg) were assigned to one of three diets: diet without added Zn (Zn-restricted diet, ZnR), and ZnR-supplemented with either 50 (Zn50) or 100 mg of Zn/kg of diet (Zn100) of Zn supplied by ZnCl2. After 32 d consuming the diets, serum Zn concentration in ZnR pigs was below the range of 0⋅59–1⋅37 μg/ml considered sufficient, thereby confirming subclinical Zn deficiency. Pigs showed no obvious health or growth changes. RNA-seq analysis followed by qPCR showed decreased expression of metallothionein-1 (MT1) (P < 0⋅05) and increased expression of Zn transporter ZIP4 (P < 0⋅05) in jejunum and ileum of ZnR pigs compared with Zn-supplemented pigs. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that Zn50 and Zn100 induced changes in genes related to nucleotide excision repair and integrin signalling pathways. The top gene network in the ZnR group compared with Zn100 was related to lipid and drug metabolism; and compared with Zn50, was related to cellular proliferation, assembly and organisation. Dietary Zn concentrations resulted in differences in genes related to immune pathways. Our analysis showed that small intestine presents changes associated with Zn deficiency after 32 d of Zn restriction, suggesting that the intestine could be a sentinel organ for Zn deficiency.
Characteristic Properties of Two Different Viscous Cosmology Models for the Future Universe

We analyze characteristic properties of two different cosmological models: (i) a one-component dark energy model where the bulk viscosity $\zeta$ is associated with the fluid as a whole, and (ii) a two-component model where $\zeta$ is associated with a dark matter component $\rho_{\rm m}$ only, the dark energy component considered inviscid. Shear viscosity is omitted. We assume throughout the simple equation of state $p=w\rho$, with $w$ a constant. In the one-component model we consider two possibilities, either to take $\zeta$ proportional to the scalar expansion (equivalent to the Hubble parameter), in which case the evolution becomes critically dependent on the value of the small constant $\alpha=1+w$ and the magnitude of $\zeta$. Second, we consider the case $\zeta=~$const. , where a de Sitter final stage is reached in the future. In the two-component model we consider only the case where the dark matter viscosity $\zeta_{\rm m}$ is proportional to the square of $\rho_{\rm m}$, where again a de Sitter form is found in the future. In this latter case the formalism is supplemented by a phase space analysis. As a general result of our considerations we suggest that a value $\zeta_0\sim 10^6~$Pa s for the present viscosity is reasonable, and that the two-component model seems to be favored.
High-dimensional integration: The quasi-Monte Carlo way*†

This paper is a contemporary review of QMC (‘quasi-Monte Carlo’) methods, that is, equal-weight rules for the approximate evaluation of high-dimensional integrals over the unit cube [0,1]s, where s may be large, or even infinite. After a general introduction, the paper surveys recent developments in lattice methods, digital nets, and related themes. Among those recent developments are methods of construction of both lattices and digital nets, to yield QMC rules that have a prescribed rate of convergence for sufficiently smooth functions, and ideally also guaranteed slow growth (or no growth) of the worst-case error as s increases. A crucial role is played by parameters called ‘weights’, since a careful use of the weight parameters is needed to ensure that the worst-case errors in an appropriately weighted function space are bounded, or grow only slowly, as the dimension s increases. Important tools for the analysis are weighted function spaces, reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, and discrepancy, all of which are discussed with an appropriate level of detail.
Near- and off-resonant optical limiting properties of gold–silver alloy nanoparticles for intense nanosecond laser pulses

The near- and off-resonant optical limiting properties of gold, silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles in methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate for nanosecond laser pulses are presented. The nanoparticles are generated by picosecond pulsed laser ablation in liquid having hydrodynamic diameters from 26 to 30 nm. We use a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser working at a wavelength of 1064 or 532 nm, with a pulse width of 3 ns to characterize their behaviour by laser energy and fluence dependent transmittance measurements. To elucidate the contribution of nonlinear scattering to the optical limiting properties the scattered light energy at an angle of 90° is measured. The experimental results show that these nanoparticles have a strong nonlinear attenuation which can be attributed to intraband, interband and free carrier absorption and a thermal-induced scattering only at high input energies. Our results indicate in addition that the surface plasmon resonance does not contribute to the nonlinear processes at high input energies.
Representativeness of urban highest polluted zones for sitting traffic-oriented air monitoring stations in a Chinese City

Passive sampling technique was used to preliminary assess the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution in Suzhou (P.R. China) in 2003, with the aim to determine the representativeness of zones where to monitor air quality. 100 sites were selected to measure 15-days average concentrations of SO2, NOx, NO2, O3, NH3, Benzene, Toluene and Xylene in winter and summer. The distribution trend of NO and NO2, as well as the ratio of NO2/NOx was used to identify the heavy traffic polluted zones and design a network of monitoring stations (macrositing). NO2/NOx ratios varied throughout the two selected seasons and from site to site clearly demonstrating the different extent and completeness of NO → NO2 oxidation processes in time and space. The exceedance frequencies of pollutants was used to design the type of monitoring equipment to be installed at each station (micrositing). An air quality monitoring network composed by 9 monitoring stations has been finally established in 2004 according to the result of this survey and is now currently running.
ON THE INDEX AND SPECTRUM OF INTEGRAL OPERATORS OF POTENTIAL TYPE ALONG RADON CURVES

A study is made of how classical integral equations of mathematical physics are affected by nonregularity of the contour of integration. A criterion is obtained for a matrix integral equation with operator of potential type acting in to be Noetherian, and the index is computed. It is established that an integral equation corresponding to the interior Dirichlet problem for harmonic functions is Noetherian in for all except for a finite or countable number of values determined by the angles of the contour; the defect numbers, which depend on and the angles mentioned, are found. Analogous results are obtained for the system of integral equations of the planar theory of elasticity. The non-Noetherian spectrum of a matrix integral operator of potential type acting in a space of continuous vector-valued functions is described. This result is illustrated by an example of an operator in elasticity theory (for which, in particular, the Fredholm radius is found) and of the direct value of a double layer potential.
Stability of modulated plane Couette flow

The stability of modulated plane Couette flow, in which the channel walls oscillate out‐of‐phase with each other and also have a mean relative velocity, is analyzed using linear theory. The flow is characterized by the Reynolds number R based on the distance between the channel walls and their mean relative velocity, the nondimensional frequency Ω of the wall oscillations, and the amplitude ratio Δ of the modulation velocity to mean velocity. Numerical solutions show that the decay rates of spatially periodic disturbances are decreased, at certain values of Ω and Δ, from those in unmodulated Couette flow. At fixed Ω the decay rates decrease for Δ<1. The maximum reduction of the decay rates occurs at certain subharmonic frequencies Ω for low R, but for larger R the maximum reduction of the decay rates occurs at higher harmonic tuning.
Discovery of Nine Lyα Emitters at Redshift z ~ 3.1 Using Narrowband Imaging and VLT Spectroscopy

Narrowband imaging surveys aimed at detecting the faint emission from the 5007 Å [O III] line of intracluster planetary nebulae in Virgo also probe high-redshift z ~ 3.1 Lyα emitters. Here we report on the spectroscopic identification of nine Lyα emitters at z = 3.13 with fluxes between 2 × 10-17 and 2 × 10-16 ergs cm-2 s-1 obtained with the FORS spectrograph at Unit 1 of the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT UT1). The spectra of these high-redshift objects show a narrow, isolated Lyα emission with very faint (frequently undetected) continuum, indicating a large equivalent width. No other features are visible in our spectra. Our Lyα emitters are quite similar to those found by Hu, Cowie, and colleagues in 1998. For a flat universe with H0 = 70 km s-1 Mpc-1 and q0 = 0.5 (ΩΛ = 0), the Lyα luminosity of the brightest source is 1.7 × 109 L☉, and the comoving space density of the Lyα emitters in the searched volume is 5 × 10-3 Mpc-3. Using simple population synthesis models, on the assumption that these sources are regions of star formation, we conclude that the nebulae are nearly optically thick and must have a very low dust content in order to explain the high observed Lyα equivalent widths. For the cosmological and star formation parameters we adopted, the total stellar mass produced would seem to correspond to the formation of rather small galaxies, some of which are perhaps destined to merge. However, one of our sources might become a serious candidate for a protogiant spheroidal galaxy if we assumed continuous star formation, a low mass cutoff of 0.1 M☉ in the initial mass function (IMF), and a flat accelerating universe with Ω0 = 0.2 and ΩΛ = 0.8. The implied star formation density in our sampled comoving volume is probably somewhat smaller than, but of the same order of magnitude as, the star formation density at z ~ 3 derived by other authors from Lyman break galaxy surveys. This result agrees with the expectation that the Lyα emitters are a low-metallicity (or low-dust) tail in a distribution of star-forming regions at high redshifts. Finally, the Lyα emitters may contribute as many H-ionizing photons as QSOs at z ~ 3. They are therefore potentially significant for the ionization budget of the early universe.
Normal-mode analysis for collective neutrino oscillations

In an interacting neutrino gas, collective modes of flavor coherence emerge that can be propagating or unstable. We derive the general dispersion relation in the linear regime that depends on the neutrino energy and angle distribution. The essential scales are the vacuum oscillation frequency ω=Δ m2/(2E), the neutrino-neutrino interaction energy μ=√2GF; nν, and the matter potential λ=√2GF ne. Collective modes require non-vanishing μ and may be dynamical even for ω=0 (“fast modes”), or they may require ω¬=0 (“slow modes”). The growth rate of unstable fast modes can be fast itself (independent of ω) or can be slow (suppressed by √|ω/μ|). We clarify the role of flavor mixing, which is ignored for the identification of collective modes, but necessary to trigger collective flavor motion. A large matter effect is needed to provide an approximate fixed point of flavor evolution, while spatial or temporal variations of matter and/or neutrinos are required as a trigger, i.e., to translate the disturbance provided by the mass term to seed stable or unstable flavor waves. We work out explicit examples to illustrate these points.
Bosonic dark matter halos: excited states and relaxation in the potential of the ground state

An ultra-light axion field with mass $\sim 10^{-22}\ {\rm eV}$, also known as wave or fuzzy dark matter, has been proposed as a component of the dark matter in the Universe. We study the evolution of the axion dark matter distribution in the central region of a halo, assuming the mass is dominated by this axion field, and that gravity is the only important interaction. We calculate the excited axion states in the spherical gravitational potential generated by the self-gravitating ground-state, also known as soliton. These excited states are similar to the states of the hydrogen atom with quantum numbers $(n,l,m)$, here designating oscillation modes of a classical wave. At fixed $n$, the modes with highest $l$ have the lowest energy because of the extended mass distribution generating the potential. We use an approximate analytical treatment to derive the distribution of mass in these states when a steady-state is reached by dynamical relaxation, and find that a corona with a mass density profile $\rho \propto r^{-5/3}$ should be set up around the central soliton, analogous to the Bahcall-Wolf cusp predicted for the stellar distribution around a central black hole. The central soliton accretes dark matter from the corona as dynamical relaxation proceeds and negative orbital energy flows out. This density profile should remain valid out to the radius where the mass in the corona is comparable to the mass of the central soliton; further than that, the gravitational potential depends on the initial distribution of dark matter and the relaxation time increases rapidly with radius.
Growth performance of Sirohi goat kids under different feeding management systems

The present study was carried out at Livestock Research Station, Bojunda, Chittorgarh district of Rajasthan on twenty-one Sirohi goat kids of about 6 months’ of age with uniform body weight. The overall average total body weight gain entire trial of Sirohi goat kids under extensive system (T 1 ) group was recorded to be 2964 gm and semi-intensive system (T 2 ) group was 3638.62 gm and intensive system (T 3 ) group was recorded to be 4780.76 gm. Growth rate of intensive system (T 3 ) group and semi-intensive system (T 2 ) group was significantly ( P <0.01) higher than extensive system (T 1 ) group goat kids. Overall findings of the research, intensive and semi-intensive systems are the superior options for raising Sirohi goat breed.
150-mJ 1550-nm KTA OPO with good beam quality and high efficiency

We’ve demonstrated a nanosecond KTA OPO utilizing a high Fresnel-number quasi-monolithic image-rotating nonplanar-ring optical cavity to efficiently generate 1550 nm light with beam quality M2~4. The OPO was pumped at 1064 nm and injection-seeded at 1550 nm and was tested using either one or two 10×10×17 mm3 KTA crystals. Total measured conversion efficiencies were as high as 45% and 55% respectively, with corresponding 1550 nm energies of approximately 135 mJ and 170 mJ. While energy and efficiency were high, agreement with numerical models that included walkoff, diffraction, and geometry of the nonplanar-ring, was poor near the oscillation threshold. Single-crystal oscillation revealed different thresholds for each KTA crystal. When tested by observing unphasematched 2ω generation, each crystal appears to contain a single ferroelectric domain, suggesting that refractive index inhomogeneity, or some other type of defect, prevents perfect phasematching.
Oil Price Volatility, Organization Capital, and Firm Performance

We examine the relationship between oil price volatility and firm performance, and the moderating role of organization capital on this relationship. Using U.S. firm-level data during the period of 1986-2017, our analysis reveals several key findings. Consistent with the real option theory, we find that oil price volatility negatively affects firm performance. However, this adverse effect of oil price volatility is reduced for firms with high levels of organization capital. Interestingly, this moderating effect of organization capital is more pronounced for firms with large cash holdings. Overall, our findings substantiate the idea that firms with high levels of organization capital can hedge oil price related volatilities effectively. Findings from several robustness tests support our key results.
Robust nonhyperbolic dynamics and heterodimensional cycles

Abstract We describe an open set A of arcs of diffeomorphisms bifurcating through the creation of heterodimensional cycles for which every diffeomorphism after the bifurcation is nonhyperbolic or unstable. We also prove that generically in A the borning nonwandering set is transitive and local maximal for a full (Lebesgue) set of parameter values.
On the Appearance of Thresholds in the Dynamical Model of Star Formation

The Kennicutt–Schmidt (KS) relationship between the surface density of the star formation rate (SFR) and the gas surface density has three distinct power laws that may result from one model in which gas collapses at a fixed fraction of the dynamical rate. The power-law slope is 1 when the observed gas has a characteristic density for detection, 1.5 for total gas when the thickness is about constant as in the main disks of galaxies, and 2 for total gas when the thickness is regulated by self-gravity and the velocity dispersion is about constant, as in the outer parts of spirals, dwarf irregulars, and giant molecular clouds. The observed scaling of the star formation efficiency (SFR per unit CO) with the dense gas fraction (HCN/CO) is derived from the KS relationship when one tracer (HCN) is on the linear part and the other (CO) is on the 1.5 part. Observations of a threshold density or column density with a constant SFR per unit gas mass above the threshold are proposed to be selection effects, as are observations of star formation in only the dense parts of clouds. The model allows a derivation of all three KS relations using the probability distribution function of density with no thresholds for star formation. Failed galaxies and systems with sub-KS SFRs are predicted to have gas that is dominated by an equilibrium warm phase where the thermal Jeans length exceeds the Toomre length. A squared relation is predicted for molecular gas-dominated young galaxies.
Effect of Glass Wool Addition on Some Properties of Cement Mortar

This work presents an investigation of possible incorporation of the glass wool (fiberglass insulation) in cement mortar as an insulating building material. Mortar of ordinary Portland cement of (1:3) cement to sand ratio was mixed with glass wool at different weight percentages ranged between (0 – 0.24) wt%. Density, water absorption, thermal conductivity, compressive strength and flexural strength experimentally were investigated for mortar specimens after curing for (28 days). The results showed that the incorporation of glass wool decreases the density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength, but the flexural strength of cement mortar enhances. Thermal conductivity of the cement mortar has decreased by about 44 % by increasing of glass wool content up to 0.24 wt%. Thus, utilization of glass wool as constituents in cement mortar appears to be a promising opportunity that enables applying as thermal insulation materials in constructions.
Arch ī um Ateneo Arch um Ateneo Biodegradability of Single and Mixed Surfactant Formulations Biodegradability of Single and Mixed Surfactant Formulations

Even though detergent surfactants are mandated to be biodegradable, the environmental fate of these surfactants when mixed together in bodies of water is still not established. The study aimed to determine the biodegradability of NaLAS/CTAB surfactant combinations by measuring the amount of evolved CO 2 which was measured using the OECD 301b procedure. The 90/10 and 10/90 NaLAS/CTAB systems showed a decline in biodegradation behaviors which were recorded as 55.88% and 40.12% biodegradation, respectively, after a 28-day monitoring period. Conductivity results revealed changes in the availability of ions in the system. An inflection point was observed at a CTAB concentration of 700 ppm. The highest turbidity was noted at a NaLAS/CTAB molar ratio of 1.39:1 which indicated the formation of insoluble catanionic salts in the system. Conductivity and turbidity testing revealed the formation of anionic-cationic structures such as micelles and ion-ion complexes. These structures may alter the natural degradation mechanism of microorganisms, thus leading to the slower rate of biodegradation or incomplete degradation of the surfactants.
Strong-coupling theory of superconductivity in a degenerate Hubbard model

In order to discuss superconductivity in orbital degenerate systems, a microscopic Hamiltonian is introduced. Based on the degenerate model, a strong-coupling theory of superconductivity is developed within the fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation where spin and orbital fluctuations, spectra of electron, and superconducting gap function are self-consistently determined. Applying the FLEX approximation to the orbital degenerate model, it is shown that the ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave superconducting phase is induced by increasing the orbital splitting energy which leads to the development and suppression of the spin and orbital fluctuations, respectively. It is proposed that the orbital splitting energy is a controlling parameter changing from the paramagnetic to the antiferromagnetic phase with the ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave superconducting phase in between.
Two weeks versus four weeks of antibiotic therapy after surgical drainage for native joint bacterial arthritis: a prospective, randomised, non-inferiority trial

Objective The optimal duration of postsurgical antibiotic therapy for adult native joint bacterial arthritis remains unknown. Methods We conducted a prospective, unblinded, randomised, non-inferiority study comparing either 2 or 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy after surgical drainage of native joint bacterial arthritis in adults. Excluded were implant-related infections, episodes without surgical lavage and episodes with a follow-up of less than 2 months. Results We enrolled 154 cases: 77 in the 4-week arm and 77 in the 2-week arm. Median length of intravenous antibiotic treatment was 1 and 2 days, respectively. The median number of surgical lavages was 1 in both arms. Recurrence of infection was noted in three patients (2%): 1 in the 2-week arm (99% cure rate) and 2 in the 4-week arm (97% cure rate). There was no difference in the number of adverse events or sequelae between the study arms. Of the overall 154 arthritis cases, 99 concerned the hand and wrist, for which an additional subgroup analysis was performed. In this per-protocol subanalysis, we noted three recurrences: one in the 2-week arm (97 % cure); two in the 4-week arm (96 % cure) and witnessed sequelae in 50% in the 2-week arm versus 55% in the 4-week arm, of which five (13%) and six (13%) needed further interventions. Conclusions After initial surgical lavage for septic arthritis, 2 weeks of targeted antibiotic therapy is not inferior to 4 weeks regarding cure rate, adverse events or sequelae and leads to a significantly shorter hospital stay, at least for hand and wrist arthritis. Trial registration number NCT03615781.