Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of Sodic Soil for Wheat Cultivation Using Bioaugmented Organic Soil Amendment

A novel bioaugmented organic amendment (SFOA) [consisted of vermicompost (pre‐enriched with plant growth promoting fungi) mixed with pressmud and Azadirachta indica (A. Juss.) seed cake] was developed to reclaim sodic soil and support wheat production. A field trial of the SFOA application with/without chemical fertilizers conducted in completely randomized design with four replications to compare growth, yield and seed protein contents of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on sodic soil. The favourable changes occurred in different properties of amended soils were studied. A combined application of chemical fertilizer and SFOA significantly (p < 0·05) increased the number of spikelet per plant (63%) and weight of grains per ear (65%) in the amended soil compared with the control. Likewise, the grain yield, weight of 1000 grains and seed protein contents of wheat were significantly (p < 0·05) increased in the combined application compared with other treatments. The expression of protein bands with molecular weights of 36, 52 and 66 kDa were higher in seeds of wheat under the combined treatment. The improvement in wheat production was attributed to significant favourable changes in different soil characteristics such as bulk density, total organic C, alkaline phosphatase, β‐glucosidase, dehydrogenase and cellulase activities that were increased by 234%, 181%, 234%, 176%, 189% and 150%, respectively, in case of amended soil under the combined treatment compared with the control. The tested SFOA may be recommended as soil amendment for reclaiming sodic soil and supporting wheat cultivation with better crop growth and yield in combination with chemical fertilizers on sodic soil. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pelvic‐Floor‐Muscle Training Adherence: Tools, Measurements and Strategies—2011 ICS State‐of‐the‐Science Seminar Research Paper II of IV

This paper on pelvic‐floor‐muscle training (PFMT) adherence, the second of four from the International Continence Society's 2011 State‐of‐the‐Science Conference, aims to (1) identify and collate current adherence outcome measures, (2) report the determinants of adherence, (3) report on PFMT adherence strategies, and (4) make actionable clinical and research recommendations.
Factors contributing to suboptimal rates of childhood vaccinations in Vermont

Childhood immunizations are invaluable in preventing contagious diseases. Nonetheless, vaccines have become increasingly controversial with growing numbers of caregivers refusing to vaccinate their children. The percentage of fully vaccinated children in Vermont is one of the lowest nationally. This study set out to determine Vermont caregivers’ attitudes toward immunizations to better explain why the percentage of fully vaccinated children has fallen in Vermont. A survey regarding caregivers’ health care knowledge about children, their vaccination concerns, and their children’s vaccination status was sent to participants in the Vermont Women, Infants and Children’s Program from two districts. In total, 83% (n = 379) of respondents reported their children received all recommended vaccinations for their age. Respondents who considered themselves highly knowledgeable regarding their children’s health care and confident about the safety of vaccinations were significantly associated with reporting their children as being current on vaccinations and with their intent to continue vaccinations. Respondents indicated highest concern regarding the safety and number of vaccinations administered during one visit. Primary care providers were indicated as important resources for addressing concerns about vaccinations and health care knowledge of children. The results help to understand low vaccination rates in Vermont and can be used for targeting health campaigns to improve vaccination rates.
Direct assessment of groundwater vulnerability from single observations of multiple contaminants

Groundwater vulnerability is a central concept in pollution risk assessment, yet its estimation has been largely a matter of expert judgment. This work applies a method for the direct calculation of vulnerability from monitoring well observations of pesticide concentrations. The method has two major advantages: it is independent of the compounds being examined, and it has a direct probabilistic interpretation making it ideal for risk assessment. The methodology was applied to data from a groundwater monitoring program in the midwestern United States. The distribution of the vulnerabilities was skewed toward zero. Spatial distribution of the vulnerabilities shows them to be controlled by both regional and local factors. Methods are presented for estimating the necessary sample sizes for vulnerability studies. The further application of the approach developed in this study to understanding groundwater pollution is discussed.
Self-reported dietary changes among L.A. county adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

Poor diets are historically the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States (U.S.), causing over 44,000 deaths each month. Dietary patterns have likely changed during the COVID-19 pandemic due to major shifts and crises in social, economic, and food systems. This study examines self-reported dietary changes in Los Angeles (L.A.) County during COVID-19, and identifies factors associated with making healthy and unhealthy changes. Data are from the Understanding Coronavirus in America Study, an internet panel of adults representative of L.A. County households (N = 1080). Multinomial logistic regression was used to test if self-reported change in diet healthiness assessed in July 2020 was associated with socio-ecological factors known to be associated with diet, assessed between April–July 2020. More than half of L.A. County residents reported making changes to their diet: 28.3% reported eating healthier food since the beginning of the pandemic, while 24.8% reported eating less healthy food. Individuals who were significantly more likely to report healthy changes were Non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic/Latino (vs. Non-Hispanic White), had received unemployment insurance, or had larger social networks. Individuals who were significantly more likely to report unhealthy changes were younger, of mixed race, had children in their household, had transportation barriers, or had obesity. Individuals who were significantly more likely to report both healthy and unhealthy changes were Asian, had experienced food insecurity, or had challenges getting food due to store closures. The pandemic may be exacerbating diet-related disease risk in some groups, such as communities of color, and among individuals with obesity and those facing transportation barriers.
USING EPILITHIC ALGAL COMMUNITIES TO ASSESS TROPHIC STATUS IN IRISH LAKES 1

Relationships between taxonomic composition of shallow epilithic algal communities and nine environmental variables in 32 lakes of different trophic states in Ireland were explored using gradient analysis. A canonical correspondence analysis using four representative environmental variables, alkalinity (correlated with pH and conductivity), maximum phytoplankton chl a (CHLmax) (correlated with total P, total N, and chl), turbidity, and water color explained 21% of the variance in taxa distributions. The first two axes were significant and accounted for 77% of the variance in the periphyton–environmental relationship. The first axis was strongly related to alkalinity and color, which reflected geology and land use in the watersheds. The second axis was most correlated with CHLmax, and separation of lakes corresponded to their Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) trophic classification based on water chemistry. Eutrophic lakes were characterized by cyanobacteria taxa and Stigeoclonium sp. Diatoms and desmids were generally more abundant in oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes. Values for diatom trophic indices were poor indicators of trophic state. Weighted averaging regression and calibration techniques were used to develop transfer functions between 84 taxa and total P, total N, and CHLmax. The total P inference model predicted OECD trophic classification correctly for 84% of the lakes. Values for taxa preferences resulting from such models can provide the foundation for biomonitoring schemes using extant periphyton communities. The turnover time of periphyton taxa should integrate changes in environmental conditions at a temporal scale intermediate to surface‐sediment fossil diatom assemblages and water column variables, which may be more appropriate for detecting annual changes.
Is physician‐diagnosed allergic rhinitis a risk factor for the development of asthma?

To cite this article: van den Nieuwenhof L, Schermer T, Bosch Y, Bousquet J, Heijdra Y, Bor H, van den Bosch W, van Weel C. Is physician‐diagnosed allergic rhinitis a risk factor for the development of asthma? Allergy 2010; 65: 1049–1055.
The Dirty Energy Dilemma via Financial Development and Economic Globalization in Pakistan: New Evidence from Asymmetric Dynamic Effects

Energy policy has been important strand in the view of economists in achieving rapid development process of any country. Recent wave of globalization exert pressure on energy consumption via financial development and ultimately vindicates economic growth. The study has covered the period of 1976-2015 using annual data for the empirical analysis and constructed a growth equation as the main equation and the energy consumption equation as a channel equation. The empirical investigation has been undertaken by performing Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) techniques. The result of bound tests suggested that there is long run relationship in both channels. In long run energy consumption and economic globalization has significant positive effect on economic growth whereas the financial development has no effect on the economic growth of Pakistan. Long run results of channel equation suggests that increasing price of crude oil leads to decrease in energy consumption and the increasing imports of energy products and increasing urbanization are conducive for energy consumption in Pakistan. On the basis of NARDL model, our empirical findings provide strong support for the presence of asymmetric co-integration relationship among underlying variables of study.
Evolución paleoambiental del sector meridional del Parque Nacional de Doñana desde el Plioceno Inferior a la actualidad

The analysis of the geological units and the ostracod assemblages of a long core collected in the southern Donana National Park (SW Spain) permits to deduce an evolution from shallow marine palaeoenvironments (Lower Pliocene) to a brackish lagoon (Upper Pleistocene-Holocene) and the deposit of aeolian sediments (<1900 yr BP), with an intermediate alluvial stage during the Pleistocene. In the Late Holocene, a tsunamigenic event was detected, with the erosion of aeolian sediments and a subsequent deposit on subtidal environments.
Anxiolytic-Like Effect of Natural Product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone Isolated From Croton Anisodontus in Adult Zebra�sh via Serotonergic Neuromodulation Involvement of the 5-ht System

Benzodiazepines are highly effective in combating anxiety; however, they have considerable adverse effects, so it is important to discover new safe anxiolytic agents. This study was designed to investigate the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effect of natural product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone (HTMCX) and its possible mechanisms of action in adult zebra�sh. The open �eld and light / dark tests (n = 6 animals/group) were used to assess anxiety and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) as a seizure inducer. The 96-hour acute toxicity of HTMCX was also investigated. HTMCX (1, 3, and 10 mg / Kg; v.o.) was not toxic and affected locomotor activity. The highest doses (3 and 10 mg / Kg; v.o.) produced signs of anxiolytic action in the light / dark test, and this effect was abolished by the pizotifen (antagonist 5HTR1 and 5HTR2A / 2C), having the potential to form a complex in the same region of the site indicating that the anxiolytic effect via the serotonergic mechanism. However, the anxiolytic effect of HTMCX has not been abolished by �umazenil (antagonist GABAR A ), cyproheptadine (antagonist 5HTR2A), and granisetron (antagonist 5HTR3A / 3B). Therefore, HTMCX demonstrated an anxiolytic effect, suggesting that the 5HTR1 and 5HTR / 2C receptors may be involved in the pharmacological performance of this acetophenone in the central nervous system.
Differential modulation of drug-induced structural and functional plasticity of

Drug-induced plasticity of excitatory synapses has been proposed to be the cellular mechanism underlying the aberrant learning associated with addiction. Exposure to various drugs of abuse cause both morphological plasticity of dendritic spines and functional plasticity of excitatory synaptic transmission. Chronic activation of μ -opioid receptors (MOR) in cultured hippocampal neurons causes two forms of synaptic plasticity: loss of dendritic spines and loss of synaptic AMPA receptors. Using live imaging, patch clamp electrophysiology, and immunocytochemistry the present study reveals that these two forms of synaptic plasticity are mediated by separate, but interactive, intracellular signaling cascades. The inhibition of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) with KN-62 blocks MOR-mediated structural plasticity of dendritic spines, but not MOR-mediated cellular redistribution of GluR1 and GluR2 AMPA receptor subunits. In contrast, the inhibition of calcineurin with FK506 blocks both cellular processes. These findings support the idea that drug-induced structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines are mediated by divergent, but interactive signaling pathways. These results demonstrate that MOR-This alteration in the amount of functional AMPA receptors in dendritic spines or changes in spine morphology. The present study demonstrates that these two forms of drug-induced plasticity can be mediated through separate but interactive intracellular cascades. The new concept of separate but interactive mediators for functional and structural synaptic plasticity caused by drugs of abuse should significantly advance our understanding of the diverse cellular mechanisms underlying addictive behaviors.
The Newmont drill‐hole EMP system—Examples from eastern Australia

Surface and drill‐hole EMP (ElectroMagnetic Pulse) surveys are routinely carried out by Newmont in various countries around the world. Results from drill hole EMP surveys on three base metal deposits in New South Wales are presented and discussed. Interpretation of the EMP data is aided by computer modeling of the results to determine location, depth, strike, dip, and quality of conductors. Computer models for all three deposits give excellent agreement with geology and drill intersections.
An Evaluation of Road Network Patterns Based on the Criteria for Fire-Fighting

We propose the following method for evaluating road network patterns. An evaluation of these patterns is important not only for an understanding of the structure of a city, but also for compliance with the rule in the Building Standards Law (the basic law related to buildings and cities in Japan), that makes it possible to preserve lanes (i.e., narrow roads less than four meters wide). This rule, however, does not provide a method for judging whether or not road network patterns are laid out in a suitable manner. We conducted an interview at a local administrative office and found that this provision is closely related to the need to ensure access for fire-fighting equipment and personnel. Thus, by determining whether, in an area encircled by wide roads, there is a ‘fire-inextinguishable area’ (FIA) more than 140 meters from the nearest wide roads (i.e., an area where fires cannot be put out effectively), we can determine whether or not road networks are appropriately laid out. In addition, we present a mathematical formula showing that if there is no ‘fire-inextinguishable area’ (FIA) in an encircled area, there will not be an unsuitable, blocked position for putting out fires. Observing this difference, as well as the ease in turning right or left at intersections in the areas encircled by wide roads, we found that grid road network patterns are appropriately set up. Also, by using indices based on graph theory as a complementary method for evaluating road network patterns, we found that while almost all narrow road networks are classified as belonging to the tree pattern, some of these narrow networks are considered to be almost in the grid pattern, and are directly connected to wide roads. This indicates that actual road networks in Tokyo have weak connectivity, which may cause difficulties in ensuring two-way escape.
Curating Brain Images in a Psychiatric Research Group: Infrastructure and Preservation Issues SCARP Case Study No. 1

Description Curating neuroimaging research data for sharing and re-use involves practical challenges for those concerned in its use and preservation. These are exemplified in a case study of the Neuroimaging Group in the University of Edinburgh's Division of Psychiatry. The study is one of the SCARP series encompassing two aims; firstly to discover more about disciplinary approaches and attitudes to digital curation through 'immersion' in selected cases, in this case drawing on ethnographic field study. Secondly SCARP aims to apply known good practice, and where possible to identify new lessons from practice in the selected discipline areas; in this case using action research to assess risks to the long term reusability of datasets, and identify challenges and opportunities for change.
Performance of the Straumann Bone Level Implant system for anterior single-tooth replacements in augmented and nonaugmented sites: a prospective cohort study with 60 consecutive patients.

AIM The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate radiographic, clinical and aesthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction of cases treated with platform-switched single implant restorations in the aesthetic region of the maxilla. Furthermore, the influence of an augmentation procedure 3 months before implant placement and the type of restoration (screw-retained vs. cement-retained) was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty patients with a missing anterior tooth in the maxilla were treated with a Straumann Bone Level Implant. Bone augmentation was performed in 29 patients at 3 months before implant placement. Implants were loaded after 3 months of submerged healing. Follow-up was conducted at 7 and 18 months after implant placement. Peri-implant mucosa and implant crown aesthetic outcomes were determined using the Implant Crown Aesthetic Index (ICAI) and the Pink Esthetic Score-White Esthetic Score (PES-WES). RESULTS No implants were lost. At 18 months after implant placement, mean bone level change was -0.10 ± 0.27 mm and mean probing pocket depth was 2.57 mm. No differences were found between augmented and nonaugmented sites (P = 0.28). The ICAI indicated satisfactory mucosa and crown aesthetics in 67% and 75% of the cases, respectively, while the PES score was 14.4. ICAI mucosa (P = 0.004) and PES (P = 0.02) scores were significantly less favourable for augmented sites compared with nonaugmented sites. Patient satisfaction was high (8.9 ± 1.1 on VAS-score). CONCLUSIONS From the present prospective, clinical study, it can be concluded that the Straumann Bone Level Implant shows an excellent survival rate, marginal bone stability and good clinical and aesthetic results. Bone augmentation before implant placement does not lead to more marginal bone loss. However, less favourable pink aesthetic outcomes were found in augmented sites compared with nonaugmented sites, while no differences were found between cement-retained and screw-retained restorations.
Taehwa Research Forest: A receptor site for severe pollution events in Korea during 2016

Abstract. During the May-June 2016 International Cooperative Air Quality Field Study in Korea (KORUS-AQ), light synoptic meteorological forcing facilitated Seoul metropolitan pollution outflow to reach the remote Taehwa Research Forest (TRF) site and cause regulatory exceedances on 24 days. Two of these severe pollution events are thoroughly examined. The first, occurring on 17 May 2016, tracks transboundary pollution transport exiting eastern China and the Yello Sea, traversing the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), and then reaching TRF in the afternoon hours with severely polluted conditions. This case study indicates that although outflow from China and the Yellow Sea were elevated with respect to chemically unperturbed conditions, the regulatory exceedance at TRF was directly linked in time, space, and altitude to urban Seoul emissions. The second case studied, occurring on 09 June 2016, reveals that increased levels of biogenic emissions, in combination with amplified urban emissions, were associated with severe levels of pollutions and a regulatory exceedance at TRF. The case studies are assessed with multiple aircraft, model (photochemical and meteorological) simulations, in-situ chemical sampling, and extensive ground-based profiling at TRF. These observations clearly identify TRF and the surrounding rural communities as receptor sites for severe pollution events associated with Seoul outflow, which will result in long-term negative effects to both human health and agriculture in the affected areas.
Applied Economics & Business

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing inland fish consumption of consumers in Sri Lanka using the conceptual framework of the theory of planned behaviour. The data were collected from 219 consumers through a well-structured questionnaire administered in two districts. The study analysed the relationships between inland fish consumption, purchase behaviour, intention, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to identify the variables having significant impact. The results indicated that buying inland fish was significantly (p<0.01) influenced by intention of consumers. Attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control were positively and significantly (p<0.01) correlated with the intention of the respondents. The consumption of inland fish was highly associated with the intention and perceived behavioural control of consumers. The study highlighted the importance of designing and implementing appropriate policies to educate people and enhance the consumption of inland fish with a view to improve their protein intake.
Enhanced immunogenicity of mitochondrial localised proteins in cancer cells

Epitopes derived from mutated cancer proteins elicit strong anti-tumor T cell responses that correlate with clinical efficacy in a proportion of patients. However, it remains unclear whether the sub-cellular localisation of mutated proteins influences the efficiency of T cell priming. To address this question we compared the immunogenicity of NY-ESO-1 and OVA localised either in the cytosol or in mitochondria. We showed that tumors expressing mitochondrial localised NY-ESO-1 and OVA proteins elicit significantly higher frequencies of antigen specific CD8 + T cells in vivo. We also demonstrated that such stronger immune response is dependent on the mitochondrial location of the antigenic proteins, which contributes to their higher steady state amount. Consistent with these findings, we showed that injection of mitochondria purified from B16 melanoma cells can protect mice from a challenge with B16 cells, but not with irrelevant tumors. Finally, we extended these findings to cancer patients by demonstrating the presence of T cell responses specific for mutated mitochondrial localised proteins. These findings highlight the importance of prioritising epitopes derived from mitochondrial localised mutated proteins as targets for cancer vaccination strategies.