Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation structure and stability in models of opposite-signed vortex pairs

We employ a recently developed numerical method to examine in detail the properties of opposite-signed, translating vortex pairs. We first consider a uniform-vortex approximation; for this flow, previous studies have found essential differences between rotating and translating configurations, and have encountered numerical difficulties at the boundary between the two types of equilibria. Recently, Luzzatto-Fegiz and Williamson (2012 J. Fluid Mech. 706 323–50) used an imperfect velocity-impulse (IVI) diagram to show that the rotating pairs have a translating counterpart, arising from a bifurcation of the classical translating configurations. In this paper, we expand this IVI diagram to find two new branches of steady vortices, including antisymmetric pairs, as well as vortices without any symmetry. We next consider more realistic models for flows at moderate Reynolds number Re, by computing solution families based on a discretized Chaplygin–Lamb dipole. We find that, as the accuracy of the discretization improves, the bifurcated branches shrink rapidly, while the unstable portion of the basic solution family becomes smaller. These results indicate that the bifurcation structure of moderate-Re flows can be very different from that of solutions that use a single patch per vortex.
InAs self‐assembled quantum dots on InP by molecular beam epitaxy

We present results of room temperature photoluminescence (PL) emission from a 0‐dimensional system in the ∼1.4 to ∼1.7 μm spectral region. Molecular beam epitaxy was used to grow InAs self‐assembled quantum dots in AlInAs on an InP substrate. Preliminary characterizations have been performed using PL and transmission electron microscopy. The low temperatures PL spectra also display excited state emission and state filling as the excitation intensity is increased.We present results of room temperature photoluminescence (PL) emission from a 0‐dimensional system in the ∼1.4 to ∼1.7 μm spectral region. Molecular beam epitaxy was used to grow InAs self‐assembled quantum dots in AlInAs on an InP substrate. Preliminary characterizations have been performed using PL and transmission electron microscopy. The low temperatures PL spectra also display excited state emission and state filling as the excitation intensity is increased.
Community building in schools: Developing a circle of friends

Circles of friends is an inclusive approach to supporting children in school and within the community. This paper considers experiences of creating circles of friends for children in mainstream schools across the age range. These circles have supported youngsters with a range of needs (such as displaying challenging behaviour, being isolated and without friends) and children who have previously attended segregated provision. The emphasis is upon increasing inclusion and reducing experiences of exclusion for these children. Circles of fiends is a practical approach with minimal resource implications The various steps involved in creating a circle of friends for a child in a mainstream school are considered.
The Generation of a Tollmien–Schlichting Wave by a Sound Wave

A spectral numerical method is used to study the two-dimensional unsteady flow over a flat plate in the presence of a plane sound wave propagating parallel to the flow. For s = Qx/Ua. > 0(1), no observable interaction or energy interchange between the sound wave and the TollmienSchlichting wave is present. In the region s < 0(1), near the leading edge, an interaction occurs; the magnitude of this interaction is computed. A plane sound wave with dimensionless frequency (o/Ul = 56 x 10-6 generates a Tollmien-Schlichting wave of the same frequency, and of amplitude, at the first neutral point, 1O-4 of that of the sound wave. Computations at a second, lower frequency result in a smaller neutral point amplitude. The response of the boundary layer to large unsteady disturbances is discussed, and compared with published behaviour based on the boundary layer equations. Solutions of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation are
Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Possible Innovative Therapeutic Tool in Facial Nerve Injury Treatment

Facial nerve palsy is a serious neurological condition that strongly affects patient everyday life. Standard treatments provide insufficient improvement and are burdened with the risk of severe complications, e.g., facial synkinesis. Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies are a novel and extensively developed field which offers new treatment approaches with promising results in regards to the nervous tissue regeneration. The potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to aid the regeneration of damaged nerves has been demonstrated in several preclinical models, as well as in several clinical trials. However, therapies based on cell transplantation are difficult to standardize in the manner similar to that of routine clinical practices. On the other hand, treatments based on mesenchymal stromal cell secretome harness the proregenerative features of mesenchymal stromal cells but relay on a product with measurable parameters that can be put through standardization procedures and deliver a fully controllable end-product. Utilization of mesenchymal stromal cell secretome allows the controlled dosage and standardization of the components to maximize the therapeutic potential and ensure safety of the end-product.
Performance of waveguide-based two-dimensional photonic-crystal mirrors studied with Fabry-Perot resonators

As a step toward the use of photonic crystals in optoelectronic devices, we present a thorough study of 2-D photonic-crystal mirrors etched into a GaAs-AlGaAs planar waveguide. Fabry-Perot resonators are fabricated to deduce the reflectivity, transmission, losses, as well as the penetration lengths of these mirrors. The guided photoluminescence of InAs quantum dots embedded in GaAs is used to obtain the transmission spectra of these cavities. The varying thickness between the mirrors allows a scan across the whole bandgap spectral range. Quality factors (up to 200) and peak transmissions (up to 0.3) are measured showing that mirrors of four rows of holes have 88% reflectivity, 6% transmission and 6% losses. Losses are also related to a two-dimensional transfer matrix method calculation including a recently introduced scheme to account for losses.
The α decay spectroscopic factor of heavy and superheavy nuclei

The spectroscopic factor which refers to the preformation probability of an α cluster inside parent radioactive nuclei is investigated. The study is based on the cluster model of α decay that is extended to account for the deformation degrees of freedom. The calculations are carried out for 179 even(Z)-even(N) parent nuclei in the mass region of A = 144–294. Taking into account the deformations of daughter nuclei, the semi-microscopic calculations of the α–daughter interaction potential are performed using the Hamiltonian energy density approach in terms of the SLy4 Skyrme-like effective interaction. The calculated potential is then implemented to find both the assault frequency and the penetration probability of the α particle by means of the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation at different orientations of the deformed daughter. By averaging the obtained decay widths over different orientations, the half-lives of the mentioned α decays are then estimated. Taking into account the errors on both the released energy and the experimental half-life times, the extracted half-lives are employed in turn to deduce the α spectroscopic factor. The results show a periodic behaviour of the spectroscopic factor as a function of the charge and neutron numbers characterized by several local maxima and minima. The predicted minima are mainly related to the proton and neutron shell and subshell closures. In addition to the well-known closed shells of the nucleonic numbers 50, 82, and 126, the obtained values of the spectroscopic factor give some evidence for the presence of closed subshells of nucleonic numbers 70, 102 (104) and 152 (150). A simple formula is suggested to roughly estimate the spectroscopic factor in terms of the numbers of protons and neutrons of the parent nucleus outside its closed shells. The parameters of this formula are fitted to the deduced values of the spectroscopic factor.
Himalayan hazard cascades – modern and medieval outburst floods in Pokhara, Nepal

In May 2012, a sediment‐laden flood along the Seti Khola (= river) caused 72 fatalities and widespread devastation for > 40 km in Pokhara, Nepal's second largest city. The flood was the terminal phase of a hazard cascade that likely began with a major rock‐slope collapse in the Annapurna Massif upstream, followed by intermittent ponding of meltwater and subsequent outburst flooding. Similar hazard cascades have been reported in other mountain belts, but peak discharges for these events have rarely been quantified. We use two hydrodynamic models to simulate the extent and geomorphic impacts of the 2012 flood and attempt to reconstruct the likely water discharge linked to even larger medieval sediment pulses. The latter are reported to have deposited several cubic kilometres of sediment in the Pokhara Valley. The process behind these sediment pulses is debated. We traced evidence of aggradation along the Seti Khola during field surveys and from RapidEye satellite images. We use two steady‐state flood models, HEC‐RAS and ANUGA, and high‐resolution topographic data, to constrain the initial flood discharge with the lowest mismatch between observed and predicted flood extents. We explore the physically plausible range of simplified flood scenarios, from meteorological (1000 m3 s−1) to cataclysmic outburst floods (600,000 m3 s−1). We find that the 2012 flood most likely had a peak discharge of 3700 m3 s−1 in the upper Seti Khola and attenuated to 500 m3 s−1 when arriving in Pokhara city. Simulations of larger outburst floods produce extensive backwater effects in tributary valleys that match with the locations of upstream‐dipping medieval‐age slackwater sediments in several tributaries of the Seti Khola. Our findings are consistent with the notion that the medieval sediment pulses were linked to outburst floods with peak discharges of >50,000 m3 s−1, though discharge may have been an order of magnitude higher.
Stability of Electrically Charged Viscous Cylinders

A characteristic equation describing the stability of an electrified fluid cylinder is derived taking into account effects due to the electric field, surface tension, viscosity, and inertia. The electric field causes the cylinder to be unstable subsequent to nonaxisymmetric deformations of the interface. For relatively inviscid fluids electrification can make the growth rates for nonaxisymmetric disturbances almost as large as the rates for axisymmetric forms. It is found that viscous effects tend to damp axisymmetric motions more than motions accompanying a sinuous deformation; thus, the sinuous mode may be the most unstable form of disturbance in many situations. The combined effects of viscosity and the electric field act so that the cylinder manifests the greatest instability at wavelengths about as large as the circumference of the cylinder, when viscous effects are paramount, in contrast to Rayleigh's result for an unelectrified fluid cylinder.
The charging of spacecraft surfaces

The buildup of static charge on satellite surfaces is an important issue in the utilization of satellite systems. The analysis of this phenomenon has required important advances in basic charging theory and the development of complex codes to evaluate the plasma sheaths that surround satellites. The results of these theories and calculations have wide application in space physics in the design of systems and in the interpretation of low-energy plasma measurements. In this review, those aspects of charge buildup on satellite surfaces relevant to the space physics community are summarized. The types of charging processes, models of charge buildup, satellite sheath theories, and charging observations are described with emphasis on basic concepts.
The Stability of Matter in Quantum Mechanics

Preface 1. Prologue 2. Introduction to elementary quantum mechanics and stability of the first kind 3. Many-particle systems and stability of the second kind 4. Lieb-Thirring and related inequalities 5. Electrostatic inequalities 6. An estimation of the indirect part of the Coulomb energy 7. Stability of non-relativistic matter 8. Stability of relativistic matter 9. Magnetic fields and the Pauli operator 10. The Dirac operator and the Brown-Ravenhall model 11. Quantized electromagnetic fields and stability of matter 12. The ionization problem, and the dependence of the energy on N and M separately 13. Gravitational stability of white dwarfs and neutron stars 14. The thermodynamic limit for Coulomb systems References Index.
Influence of the SST Rise on Baroclinic Instability Wave Activity under an Aquaplanet Condition

Abstract The influence of the sea surface temperature (SST) rise on extratropical baroclinic instability wave activity is investigated using an aquaplanet general circulation model (GCM). Two types of runs were performed: the High+3 run, in which the SST is increased by 3 K only at high latitudes, and the All+3 run, in which the SST is increased uniformly by 3 K all over the globe. These SST rises were intended to reproduce essential changes of the surface air temperature due to global warming. Wave activity changes are analyzed and discussed from the viewpoint of the energetics. In the High+3 run, midlatitude meridional temperature gradient is decreased in the lower troposphere and the wave energy is suppressed in the extratropics. In the All+3 run, although the large tropical latent heat release greatly enhances the midlatitude meridional temperature gradient in the upper troposphere, global mean wave energy does not change significantly. These results suggest that the low-level baroclinicity is much mo.
Lifetime of nonequilibrium zone-center longitudinal optical phonons in zinc-blende materials

We employ a theoretical model to assess the importance of Ridley’s channel in limiting the lifeitime of nonequilibrium zone-center LO phonons in zinc-blende materials. For comparison, we also present results for the decay through Klemens’s channel as well as via Vallee–Bogani’s intraband combination channel.
Period–luminosity relation for M-type semiregular variables from Hipparcos parallaxes

We have studied the period–luminosity (P–L) relationships of oxygen-rich semiregular (SR) variables in several wavelength bands using Hipparcos parallaxes with an accuracy of better than 10 per cent. We have shown that there is a clear dependence on period of absolute magnitude in the U, B, V, R, IC, J, H, K, L, M, N, [12], [25], [60] and [100] bands, and that the slope of the linear Mλ– logP relation is a smooth function of wavelength. We point out that this relation can in principle be used to derive absolute bolometric magnitude as a function of period. The behaviour of the second periods of SR variables in the P–L relation in the V and K bands is also discussed.
Comparison of Protein B Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) With IS6110 PCR for Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis Patients

Purpose Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a diagnostic challenge. With the conventional staining and culture techniques being too insensitive and time-consuming, and the commercial detection systems being costly, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) seems lucrative for routine laboratories. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of protein b antigen polymerase chain reaction (Pab PCR) for TBM, in comparison to IS6110. Another purpose was to compute a cut-off at which adenosine deaminase (ADA) could diagnose TBM. Material and methods This is a prospective case-control study to measure the diagnostic accuracy of PCR, BACTEC culture, Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture, ADA, and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear tests in TBM. CSF from 50 TBM patients (10 confirmed, 40 clinically suspected) and 40 controls was subjected to Pab PCR and IS6110 PCR, and performance was compared against culture and composite reference standards. Results The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of Pab PCR in diagnosing TBM were 82%, 100%, 100%, and 81.63%, respectively, and that of IS6110 PCR were 74%, 100%, 100%, and 75.47%, respectively. Both PCRs outperformed culture (p<0.001). Though performance of both PCRs was comparable (p=0.335) with excellent agreement (k=0.86), Pab PCR detected four additional cases, one culture-positive and three culture-negative clinically suspected. ADA of 6.5 IU/L was able to differentiate between TBM and non-TBM with 86% sensitivity and 63% specificity. Conclusions Molecular tools such as PCR have the potential to increase the clinician's ability to diagnose tuberculous meningitis. Pab PCR is a rapid and reliable method for diagnosing TBM in routine microbiology laboratories.
Balance between Smog Control and Economic Growth in China: Mechanism Analysis Based on the Effect of Green Technology Innovation

The balance between smog pollution (SP) control and economic growth (EG) is currently a major problem facing China’s development. Green technology innovation (GTI) is an effective way to promote ecological civilization and realize green development. Thus, whether GTI can facilitate a win–win situation of SP control and stable EG is an important issue of academic concerns. In this paper, the mechanisms of the role of GTI, SP and EG were systematically demonstrated. The corresponding research hypotheses were proposed. Based on the data book of 278 Chinese cities from 2008 to 2020, the effects of GTI on SP and EG were systematically investigated using the econometric estimation method of dynamic spatial panel simultaneous equations. The results show that GTI can reduce SP directly, or indirectly by promoting EG. Although GTI can promote EG, EG may be inhibited due to GTI-induced SP reduction. Inter-regional SP showed significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. EG had significant spatial correlation effects. GTI in neighboring regions can also facilitate local SP control. Further analysis shows that compared with green utility model innovation (GUMI), green invention and innovation (GII) had a more significant effect on reducing SP and promoting EG. In addition, the analysis of the comprehensive effect of GTI on SP and EG shows that GTI can achieve the overall balanced development of SP prevention and EG regardless of GTI types.
Regular and irregular semiclassical wavefunctions

The form of the wavefunction psi for a semiclassical regular quantum state (associated with classical motion on an N-dimensional torus in the 2N-dimensional phase space) is very different from the form of psi for an irregular state (associated with stochastic classical motion on all or part of the (2N-1)-dimensional energy surface in phase space). For regular states the local average probability density Pi rises to large values on caustics at the boundaries of the classically allowed region in coordinate space, and psi exhibits strong anisotropic interference oscillations. For irregular states Pi falls to zero (or in two dimensions stays constant) on 'anticaustics' at the boundary of the classically allowed region, and psi appears to be a Gaussian random function exhibiting more moderate interference oscillations which for ergodic classical motion are statistically isotropic with the autocorrelation of psi given by a Bessel function.
THE ACS SURVEY OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. V. GENERATING A COMPREHENSIVE STAR CATALOG FOR EACH CLUSTER

The ACS Survey of Globular Clusters has used Hubble Space Telescope's Wide-Field Channel to obtain uniform imaging of 65 of the nearest globular clusters to provide an extensive homogeneous data set for a broad range of scientific investigations. The survey goals required not only a uniform observing strategy, but also a uniform reduction strategy. To this end, we designed a sophisticated software program to process the cluster data in an automated way. The program identifies stars simultaneously in the multiple dithered exposures for each cluster and measures them using the best available point-spread function models. We describe here in detail the program's rationale, algorithms, and output. The routine was also designed to perform artificial-star tests, and we ran a standard set of ∼105 tests for each cluster in the survey. The catalog described here will be exploited in a number of upcoming papers and will eventually be made available to the public via the World Wide Web.
Short-time critical behaviour of anisotropic cubic systems with long-range interaction

The renormalization group approach is applied to the study of the short-time critical behaviour of the d-dimensional n-component anisotropic cubic spin systems with long-range interaction of the form pσsps-p in momentum space. Firstly, the system is quenched from a high temperature to the critical temperature and then relaxes to equilibrium within the model A dynamics. The asymptotic scaling laws and the initial slip exponents θ' and θ of the order parameter and the response function, respectively, are calculated to the second order in ϵ = 2σ-d. For 1⩽d<2σ and n>nc, the cubic anisotropy affects the short-time critical behaviour.
Imaginary Confidence Limits of the Slope of the Major Axis of a Bivariate Normal Distribution: A Sampling Experiment

Abstract A Monte Carlo study of confidence limits for the slope of the major axis of a bivariate normal distribution confirms that, when imaginary limits are interpreted as corresponding to an infinite interval covering all possible values of the parameter, the confidence interval behaves satisfactorily under repeated sampling. The excess of the actual over the nominal significance level is negligible even if samples are small and correlation is moderate. The probability of detecting a relationship correctly is never smaller for the major axis than for ordinary regression. Imaginary and exclusive confidence limits do not create problems in practice.
Simulation of Monsoon Disturbances in the LMD GCM

Abstract The monsoon depressions that form over India during the summer are analyzed using simulations from the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique general circulation model. This type of synoptic system often occurs with a frequency of one to two per month and can produce a strong Indian rainfall. Two kinds of analyses are conducted in this study. The first one is a subjective analysis based on the evolution of the precipitation rate and the pattern of the sea level pressure. The second one is an objective analysis performed using the TRACK program, which identifies and tracks the minima in the sea level pressure anomaly field and computes the statistics for the distribution of systems. The analysis of a 9-yr control run, which simulates strong precipitation rates over the foothills of the Himalayas and over southern India but weak rates over central India, shows that the number of disturbances is too low and that they almost never occur during August, when break conditions prevail. The generated distu.