Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Cuttings Concentration and Frictional Pressure Losses During Drilling Using Data-Driven Models

Drilling practice has been evolving parallel to the developments in the oil and gas industry. Current supply and demand for oil and gas dictate search for hydrocarbons either at much deeper and hard-to-reach fields, or at unconventional fields, both requiring extended reach wells, long horizontal sections, and 3D complex trajectories. Cuttings transport is one of the most challenging problems while drilling such wells, especially at mid-range inclinations. For many years, numerous studies have been conducted to address modeling of cuttings transport, estimation of the concentration of cuttings as well as pressure losses inside the wellbores, considering various drilling variables having influence on the process. However, such attempts, either mechanistic or empirical, have many limitations due to various simplifications and assumptions made during the development stage. Fluid thixotropy, temperature variations in the wellbore, uncertainty in pipe eccentricity as well as chaotic motion of cuttings due to pipe rotation, imperfections in the wellbore walls, variations in the size and shape of the cuttings, presence of tool joints on the drillstring, etc. causes the modeling of the problem extremely difficult. Due to the complexity of the process, the estimations are usually not very accurate, or not reliable. In this study, data-driven models are used to address the estimation of cuttings concentration and frictional loss estimation in a well during drilling operations, instead of using mechanistic or empirical methods. The selected models include Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forest, and AdaBoost. The training of the models is determined using the experimental data regarding cuttings transport tests collected in the last 40 years at The University of Tulsa – Drilling Research Projects, which includes a wide range of wellbore and pipe sizes, inclinations, ROPs, pipe rotation speeds, flow rates, fluid and cuttings properties. The evaluation of the models is conducted using Root Mean Square Error, R-Squared Values, and P-Value. As the inputs of the data-driven models, independent drilling variables are directly used. Also, as a second approach, dimensionless groups are developed based on these independent drilling variables, and these dimensionless groups are used as the inputs of the models. Moreover, performance of the data-driven model results are compared with the results of a conventional mechanistic model. It is observed that in many cases, data-driven models perform significantly better than the mechanistic model, which provides a very promising direction to consider for real time drilling optimization and automation. It is also concluded that using the independent drilling variables directly as the model inputs provided more accurate results when compared with dimensional groups are used as the model inputs.
Crushing performance and resource characteristic of printed circuit board scrap

The crushing performance of printed circuit board (PCB) was studied on several crushers. The results show that PCB is a material which is difficult to crush. The crushing performance of PCB with disk crusher, especially vibration grinding, which has cut or impact action, excels that of jaw crusher or roller crusher. The PCB scrap is worthwhile to recycle using variety of modern characterization methods. When compared with natural resources, this material stream remains a rich precious metal and nonferrous metals. In PCB scrap, metals account for 47% of the total material composition, in which there exists 19.66% copper, 11.47% iron, 3.93% lead, 300 g/t gold and 5-10 kg/t silver, etc. In addition, the PCB scrap contains 27% of plastics and 26% of refractory oxides.
The Effect of Liquidity, Leverage, and Profitability on Financial Distress with Audit Committee as a Moderating Variable

This study examines the effect of liquidity, leverage, and profitability on financial distress with the audit committee as a moderating variable. This study used secondary data from the annual reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2016 to 2019. The research sample was selected using purposive sampling, and 33 companies were obtained as the study samples. The data were then analyzed using the logistic linear regression method with SPSS ver 26 software. The study results found that liquidity and profitability had a negative effect on financial distress, whereas leverage had a positive effect on financial distress. In addition, the study also found that the audit committee enhanced the effect of liquidity and profitability on financial distress. In contrast, the audit committee reduced the effect of leverage on financial distress.
Effect of a nutrition education programme on metabolic risk factor and metabolic syndrome in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a Level 5 Hospital in Kenya: “a randomized controlled trial”

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus; a chronic disorder characterized by poor glycemic control, is a life threatening condition of global public health concern which worsens in the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated risks. However application of lifestyle intervention may reduce this risk. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition education programme with inclusion of peer to peer support on MetS and Mets risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups and one control. The intervention groups included nutrition education peer to peer support group (NEP) (n=51) and nutrition education group (NE) (n=51) which participated in an eight week (2 h per week) group nutrition education sessions and follow-up sessions for six month. The NEP in addition had a peer to peer support component on weekly basis for the eight weeks of training and monthly support for six months. The control group (C) (n 51) received standard care. Outcomes were assessed at 6 months. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted using analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). Results: Differences in MetS were -38.1 and -31.7% (P<0.01) at 6 months in the NEP group as per Harmonized and WHO criteria respectively. Significant improvement was seen in number of participant achieving recommended waist circumference; WC (33.9 %) and high density lipoprotein; HDL (35.2%) in the NEP group and blood pressure; BP (reduction by 39.2 and 31.6) as per harmonized and WHO criteria respectively in the NE group. six month post intervention Statistical mean change was also noted six month post intervention in; weight lost (-6.26kg), BMI (-2.37 kg/m2), waist hip ratio; WHR (-0.03), WC (-14.51 cm) and HDL (+0.34mmol/l in the NEP group and diastolic blood pressure; DBP (-5.17 mmhg) in the NE group. Comparison of the NEP and NE with control showed that NEP and NE had better outcome.Conclusions: Nutrition education with inclusion of peer to peer support was of clinical benefit in reducing metabolic outcomes and MetS in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Optimal goal setting and self-effective training could benefit future nutrition education programmes with peer to peer support component for people with Type 2 Diabetes and at risk of Mets.
Modeling of impedance of rectangular cross-section conductors

The frequency dependence of the per-unit-length parameters R, L, C, G of transmission lines often must be taken into account in transient simulations of interconnects in IC chips and packages. In the transient simulation of transmission lines, in order to achieve high simulation efficiency, empirical closed form models are often used to represent frequency-dependent resistance and inductance properties of metal conductors. This paper presents a new closed form model for the frequency-dependent resistance and internal inductance of rectangular cross-section conductors. The model is established from numerical computation results by the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method and is found to be more accurate than existing closed form models.
Systems Development and Trade Union Activities

Systems development is the process of constructing or modifying edp- based systems as a means of changing organizations. Since the early seventies Scandinavian trade unions have initiated a number of research projects within the field of edp-based systems and systems development as part of their endeavours to gain control over technological development. This paper contains a survey of these research activities. It describes the research methods applied. Edp- based systems and systems development are then discussed from a trade union point of view. Finally the research projects are related to other trade union activities and to activities within research and educational institutions.
MATCHING CASE METHODOLOGY FOR MEASURING RESTRAINT EFFECTIVENESS

The importance of the matching case methodology is that it utilizes field accident data exclusively -- accidents in which a specific restraint was used are compared to accidents of similar injury potential but whose occupants did not use the restraint being evaluated. The authors cite the Air Cushion Restraint System (ACRS) as an example of the matching case methodology's utility. ACRS effectiveness is about 18% (CI = - 23% to + 56%) for injured occupants at AIS levels equal to or greater than AIS 3, in deployment accidents. It is believed that this is the best, currently available estimate of ACRS field effectiveness.
On R&D, medium and high-tech industries and productivity: an application to the Portuguese case

This paper investigates the potential impact of increased R&D efforts and structural changes in Portugal on labour productivity. The paper addresses Portugal’s ambition, expressed in the 2005 Technological Plan. Based on existing literature on the relation between R&D expenditures, structural change and productivity, we evaluate the contribution of R&D and medium to high-tech industries on productivity over the last 30 years. Our results confirm the importance of governement’s R&D and of business R&D in the medium to high-tech sectors, as they stimulate productivity growth. However, we cannot hypothesize that productivity growth was primarily rooted on the development of medium-high technology industries.
ÇUMRA ZİRAAT MESLEK LİSESİNDE (KONYA) YETİŞTİRİLEN ESMER İNEKLERİN SÜT VERİM ÖZELLİKLERİ VE BU ÖZELLİKLERE AİT TEKRARLANMA DERECELERİÇUMRA ZİRAAT MESLEK LİSESİNDE (KONYA) YETİŞTİRİLEN ESMER İNEKLERİN SÜT VERİM ÖZELLİKLERİ VE BU ÖZELLİKLERE AİT TEKRARLANMA

Bu arastirmada, Cumra Ziraat Meslek Lisesinde yetistirilen Esmer ineklerin sut verim ozellikleri bakimindan performanslari ile bu ozelliklere ait tekrarlanma dereceleri belirlenmistir. Incelenen ozelliklere ait en kucuk kareler ortalamalari Laktasyon Suresi (LS), Laktasyon Sut Verimi (LSV), Gunluk Ortalama Sut Verimi (GOSV) ve Gunluk Maksimum Sut Verimi (GMSV) icin sirasiyla 266.33 ± 4.740 gun, 2578.71 ± 43.230 kg, 9.59 ± 0.469 kg ve 15.19 ± 0.217 kg olarak bulunmustur. Ayni ozelliklere ait tekrarlanma dereceleri ise sirasiyla 0.275 ± 0.0860, 0.255 ± 0.0870, 0.234 ± 0.0870 ve 0.172 ± 0.0880 olarak hesaplanmistir. Arastirmada yilin LSV (p<0.01), LS, GOSV ve GMSV’ye (p<0.05) etkisi istatistik olarak onemli bulunmustur. Laktasyon sirasinin LS (p<0.05), LSV, GOSV ve GMSV’ye (p<0.01) etkisi ve buzagilama mevsiminin incelenen ozelliklerin tamami uzerine etkisi (p<0.01) istatistik olarak onemlidir.
Optimizing the Touch Tablet: The Effects of Control-Display Gain and Method of Cursor Control

The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of control-display gain, method of cursor control, and target size on target selection performance with a touch tablet. In addition, an attempt was made to determine a definition of control-display gain that would generalize across different control-display combinations. The results indicated that a relatively low gain (approximately 0.8 to 1.0) resulted in more efficient target selection performance than did higher or lower gains. An absolute mode of cursor control, in which the cursor appears on the display in a position corresponding to the location of the finger on the touch tablet, resulted in faster selection rates and fewer target entries prior to confirmation than did a relative mode of cursor control. Selection of large targets was faster and more accurate than selection of small targets. Alternative explanations for performance differences are discussed.
Facilities management

8-1 Overview A Vermont municipalities maintain some public facilities to serve local residents, property owners, and businesses. Very early on, communities invested heavily in the development of local road networks to promote settlement and to access regional markets. Today, very rural towns may be able to afford only the basics: a town garage and highway equipment for road and bridge maintenance, a town office and vault to store land records, and some equipment. Larger urban or suburban communities may also support town halls and administrative offices, one or more public schools, municipal water and sewer systems, fire and police stations, libraries, public parks, sidewalks, recreation trails, cemeteries, and extensive equipment inventories. Ultimately, the facilities owned and maintained by a municipality reflect the types and levels of service that local residents are willing to fund, given available resources. One of the state planning goals under the Vermont Planning and Development Act (Chapter 117) states that a community’s rate of growth “should not exceed the ability of the community and the area to provide facilities and services” (§4303). Growing communities, especially those experiencing rapid growth, eventually face the need for new or larger facilities. If unmanaged, growing facility needs can overwhelm limited budgets. Even communities that are growing slowly, or are in decline, benefit from anticipating when existing facilities will require replacement or upgrades. Facilities management is a way to proactively identify facility needs and to balance the demands of growth and use with the financial resources of the community. Chapter 117 requires that municipal plans include a utility and facilities plan, which serves as the basis for local facility planning and asset management. Facilities management is very closely tied to the capital improvement program. (See topic paper, Capital Improvement Program.)
THE EFFECT OF TAXPAYER AWARENES AND FISKUS SERVICE ON PERFORMANCE OF TAX REVENUE WITH TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE AS INTERVENING VARIABLES

Tax receipt is a major source of government financing to build the infrastructure and operating costs of a country. The population of this study was 87,846 individual taxpayers who were registered in KPP Pratama Medan city. The samples of this research are 100 individual taxpayers. This study discusses the influence of taxpayer awareness (X1) on the performance of tax revenue (Y), the direct influence of fiskus service (X2) on the performance of tax revenue (Y), Taxpayers Awareness (X1) on Taxpayer Compliance (Z) H0 is rejected so that there is a significant influence. Analysis of direct influence of Fiskus Services (X2) on Taxpayer Compliance (Z), H0 is accepted so as not to have a significant effect. Analysis of the indirect effect of taxpayer awareness (X1) on the performance of tax revenues (Y) through taxpayer compliance (Z) that taxpayer compliance (X1) on the performance of tax revenue (Y) significant effect through taxpayer compliance (Z) or in other words taxpayer compliance variable is an intervening variable or a mediation variable. Analysis of the indirect effect of Fiskus Services (X2) on the performance of tax revenues (Y) through taxpayer Compliance (Z) shows that Fiskus Service (X2) do is not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance (Z) or in other words that taxpayer compliance variable is not an intervening variable or mediation variable.
Optimal algorithm design for transfer path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles

Over the past three decades unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have seen significant development with a current focus on automation. The main area of development that is pushing automation is that of path planning allowing a UAV to generate its own path information that it can then follow to carry out its mission. Little work however has been carried out on transfer path planning. This work attempts to address this shortcoming by developing optimal algorithms for a path planning task to move on to a circular flightpath to carry out a target tracking mission. The work is developed in three main sections. Firstly the transfer algorithm itself is derived including gradient analysis for the cost function being applied, adaptation of this cost function into two separate minimising actions and analysis of a cost function issue that introduces a separation distance constraint. The algorithm is tested proving correct constraint activation and cost selection. The second part of this work looks at validating the results of the transfer algorithm against the Dubin's car result and a receding horizon approach when applied to the transfer operation. Utilising the cost results from the transfer algorithm an efficiency analysis against the equivalent costs from the other methods is carried out. Lastly this work looks at the comparison between the developed transfer algorithm and a more flexible transfer approach by developing a new cost function form. A switching cost function is introduced where environmental parameters from the target tracking mission (i.e target position and velocity) are used to switch between a number of applicable cost functions (time minimal, distance minimal and minimum speed transfer). An analysis is carried out to investigate the performance of both the original algorithm and the newly developed switching function based on key target tracking parameters
Modeling distributions of travel time variability for bus operations

Bus travel time reliability performance influences service attractiveness, operating costs, and system efficiency. Better understanding of the distribution of travel time variability is a prerequisite for reliability analysis. A wide array of empirical studies has been conducted to model distribution of travel times in transport. However, depending on the data tested and approaches applied to examine the fitting performance, different conclusions have been reported. This paper aims to specify the most appropriate distribution model for the day-to-day travel time variability by using a novel evaluation approach and set of performance measures. Two important issues are explored using automatic vehicle location data collected on two typical bus routes over 6 months in Brisbane, namely, data aggregation influences on travel time distribution and comprehensive evaluation of performance of distribution models. The decrease of temporal aggregation of travel times tends to increase the normality of distributions. The spatial aggregation of link travel times would break up the link multimodality distributions for a busway route, but unlike for a non-busway route. The Gaussian mixture models are evaluated as superior to its alternatives in terms of fitting accuracy, robustness, and explanatory power. The reported distribution model shows promise to fit travel times for other services with different operation environments considering its flexibility in fitting symmetric, asymmetric, and multimodal distributions. The improved statistic fitting can support more effective service reliability analysis.
The Study of Histopathological Changes in Some of Intermediate Hosts Infected With Cystic Echinococcosis

:-The present study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes in liver and lung of sheep, cattle and buffaloes, spleen of cattle and lung of human infected with cystic echinococcosis (Hydatidosis). The infected organs with hydatid cysts were collected from abattoir of Nassiriyah municipality in Thi-Qar province, southern of Iraq and preserved immediately in 10% formalin solution. The gross examination noticed that liver and lung more affected organs with infection of cystic echinococcosis, also harden area was observed around the hydatid cyst and all these cysts were unilocular. The present study showed that the defensive response of hosts represented by formation of massive fibrous layer which surrounded the hydatid cysts in liver, lung and spleen of sheep, cattle and buffaloes. The fibrosis surrounded the hydatid cyst in lung of human was noticed in this study, also the blood vessels in lung were affected by complications of hydatid cyst. The infiltration of inflammatory cells against expanding cysts was observed in liver of sheep and cattle infected with hydatid cysts. The calcification associated with fibrosis in liver of cattle and buffaloes infected with hydatid cysts was noticed while did not demonstrate in liver of sheep. The degeneration of hepatocytes and enlargement of bile duct was recorded in infected cattle. The histopathological changes in lungs of infected hosts represented the dilatation of pulmonary alveoli in of sheep and cattle, also the cystic echinococcosis is on the bronchiole by of bronchial epithelium The massive fibrosis the bronchiole was observed in buffaloes, in addition to fibrosis in the bronchiole. The histopathological alterations in spleen of cattle infected with hydatid cyst represented by fibrosis and calcification surrounded the white pulp and distortion of lymphoid tissue.
Multiple manoeuvre model track-oriented MHT (multiple hypothesis tracking)

The problem of multiple-target tracking in a dense environment using the MHT (multiple hypothesis tracking) or the JPDA (joint probabilistic data association) has received a lot of attention in recent years. This paper provides a new technique for manoeuvring target tracking in a dense environment, using the track-oriented MHT which is a significant improvement of the original measurement-oriented MHT. This paper has shown the condition that this technique is equivalent to the M/sup 3/JPDA (multiple manoeuvre model JPDA). Here, the M/sup 3/JPDA for manoeuvring multitarget tracking is the extension and improvement of the conventional JPDA.