Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Public food forest opportunities and challenges in small municipalities

The opportunities and challenges associated with public food forest initiatives in small municipalities are understudied compared with large metropolitan counterparts. Research in small population centers is needed to identify and understand factors affecting the growth of public food forests where resources more commonly available in cities often are lacking. To study these factors, we surveyed mayors in Virginia, United States, serving communities with populations under 25,000. Out of 176 mayors who received a paper survey through the mail, 68 (39%) responded. Mayors perceived long‐term maintenance as the greatest barrier to public food forests and education, recreation, and spiritual experience as the most desirable benefits. Nearly 70% noted that their town has some form of food production on public land but only one‐fifth include food‐producing trees and shrubs. Most municipalities (78%) do not have food‐producing trees and shrubs land use codes. Summated variables representing mayoral ratings of public support and physical space for food forests in their municipalities were used in a k‐means cluster analysis to group towns into four types: (a) ambivalent and resource‐poor, (b) optimistic and capable, (c) doubtful and unsupported, and (d) unsure with potential. Each community has unique challenges and opportunities, but mayors stressed that providing sociocultural programs and education rather than food access is the most compelling aspect of a public food forest.
Better corporate governance leads to better performance: evidence from Asian countries

The most contentious element in debate regarding corporate governance is the association of corporate governance (CG) with firm performance. This research employed the 2SLS regression model on a panel data, collected from 24 Asian multinationals from 2006 to 2015. The firm performance was measured in two ways; accounting measure (ROA and sales growth) and market measure (Tobin’s Q). The outcomes demonstrate that quality of corporate governance (QCG) index has a significant association in enhancing the performance of firms in Asian economies. Furthermore, these results also indicate that explicit corporate governance variables such as board independence, audit committee independence, ownership concentration and CEO duality, also have significant association with the performance of companies in Asian countries which is in accordance with the agency theory.
Informing the Public About a Pandemic

This paper explores how governments may efficiently inform the public about an epidemic to induce compliance with their confinement measures. Using an information design framework, we find the government has an incentive to either downplay or exaggerate the severity of the epidemic if it heavily prioritizes the economy over population health or vice versa. Importantly, we find that the level of economic inequality in the population has an effect on these distortions. The more unequal the disease’s economic impact on the population, the less the government exaggerates and the more it downplays the severity of the epidemic. When the government weighs the economy and population health sufficiently equally, however, the government should always be fully transparent about the severity of the epidemic. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management.
Effect of Season and Year of Birth on Pubertal Age, Body Weight and Scrotal Circumference of Kankrej Bulls at First Semen Collection

Data on 26 bulls of Kankrej cattle (birth date from 2006 to 2017) inducted at a semen station from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed to study the effects of season and year of birth on age, body weight and scrotal circumference of bull at first semen collection. The overall least-squares means for age, body weight, and scrotal circumference of bulls at first semen collection were 1122.36 ± 86.9 days, 537.69 ± 10.51 kg and 30.86 ± 1.60 cm. Non-genetic factors like season and year of birth did not contribute significantly (p>0.05) to these parameters’ variations. Results of the study revealed well adaptation of Kankrej cattle breed to seasonal changes and farm management took care of yearly variation in such a way that age, body weight and scrotal circumference of Kankrej bulls at first semen collection did not vary significantly.
Studies On Hypoglycemic And Cardiotonic Effects Of Roots Of Cocculus Hirsutus

Methanol extract of roots of Cocculus hirsutus was tested for its hypoglycemic and cardiotonic effects on diabetic rats and isolated perfused frog heart respectively. The methanol extract exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity on diabetic rats and cardiotonic activity on normal and hypodynamic frog heart preparation. Activity-guided fractionation of methanol extract was carried out. Butanol fraction of methanol extract of roots of C. hirsutus was found to have significant cardiotonic activity comparable to that of ouabain. Total alkaloid fraction prepared from methanol extract showed considerable hypoglycemic activity on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The TLC profile of total alkaloid fraction showed the presence of four alkaloids, whereas the TLC profile of butanol fraction showed the presence of steroids and/or triterpenoids.
Analysis of the Effect of Fraud Pentagon Factors on Fraudulent Financial Statement with Audit Committee as Moderating Variable

Article History: Received January 28, 2021 Accepted March 7, 2021 Available March 15, 2021 This study aims to analyze the effect of fraud pentagon on fraudulent financial statements with audit committee as moderating variable. The population of this study was the property, real estate, and construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2016-2018. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained 52 companies with 156 units of analysis. The data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis by IBM SPSS Ver.26. The results showed that company growth had a positive effect on fraudulent financial statements. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of supervision, quality of external auditors, the experience of directors, and CEO duality did not affect fraudulent financial statements. Audit committee significantly moderated the effect of company growth, the effectiveness of supervision, and the experience of directors on fraudulent financial statements. However, audit committee did not moderate the effect of quality of external auditors and CEO duality on fraudulent financial statements. This study concludes that the fraudulent financial statements will be higher when the company growth is higher. Audit committee weakens the effect of company growth, the effectiveness of supervision, and the experience of directors on fraudulent financial statements.
Dietary Supplementation of Calcium Propionate and Calcium Butyrate Improves Eggshell Quality of Laying Hens in the Late Phase of Production

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of calcium propionate and calcium butyrate on the laying performance, eggshell quality, and expression of genes related to calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the tibia. One hundred and twenty 70-week-old Isa Brown hens were randomly assigned to three treatments, and each treatment had four replicates of 10 birds fed a basal diet (control) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% calcium propionate (CP) or 0.5% calcium butyrate (CB) for 8 weeks. The CB and CP treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the laying rate, egg production, egg weight, and feed efficiency. The eggshell percentage was increased from week 2 (P<0.05) and eggshell thickness was elevated at week 8 (P<0.01) by both CP and CB treatments. Compared to the control treatment, the CB treatment increased serum calcium and phosphorus levels at week 4 (P<0.05), whereas the CP and CB treatments decreased serum phosphorus at weeks 6 and 8, respectively (P<0.05). Dietary supplementation had no effect on the bone index and bending strength of the tibia (P>0.05). The calcium and phosphorus content of the tibia was decreased by the CB treatment (P<0.05). In the spleen, NF-κB and IL-6 transcript levels were not influenced (P>0.05) but TNF-α transcript levels were decreased by the CP treatment (P<0.05). In the tibia, the expression levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-17 were not affected by the CP or CB treatment (P>0.05). The CP and CB treatments had no significant effect on the transcript levels of RANKL, OPG, RNUX2, OPN, α-Clotho, and VDR (P>0.05). In contrast, PHEX transcript levels were increased by the CP treatment (P<0.05). The expression levels of osteocalcin (P=0.094) and FGF23 (P=0.087) tended to decrease under the CB treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.5% calcium butyrate or 0.5% calcium propionate improved the eggshell quality of aged laying hens, possibly as a result of decreased deposition or enhanced mobilization of bone calcium and phosphorus.
Contraceptive situation and Influencing Factors in Guangdong Province: A comparative questionnaire study

BackgroundThe aim of our study is to describe the status of induced abortion and contraceptive use in reproductive women and make clear the correlated factors in Guangdong province.MethodA self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted separately in 1839 individuals aged 18–49 and 900 health care providers from Guangdong province. The content of questionnaire was based on status of induced abortion and contraceptive use for the former and problems concerning contraceptive services for the latter. Systematic random sampling was used and data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used in this study.Results30. 61% of participants experienced the induced abortion. The rate of repeated abortion was 19.96% and it was 20.45% in persons under 20 years old. 18.23% of 1839 individuals chose LARC as the main contraceptive method. The females with college degree(Odds ratio, OR = 1.867; 95% confidence intervals 95%CI: 1.175–2.969), technologists(OR = 2.291; 95%CI: 1.063–4.936) and the persons whose monthly income were of between 3000–5000¥(OR = 1.920; 95%CI: 1.204–3.065) were more likely to use LARC. The younger females less than 30 years old and never using PAC services had lower odds of using LARC. The rate of post abortion care performance was merely 12.23%. Age, monthly income, occupation, living conditions and obtaining free contraceptives in time were all strongerly influence factors for the use of post-abortion care(P < 0.01). The satisfaction rate of free contraceptive services was about 57.44%. Variety uniformity, obtaining inconveniently and worrying about the quality were the main reasons. 66.22% of hospitals set up the department of family planning in our study. Highly work intensity(54.67%) and less leadership (40.22%) influenced health care providers to provide family planning services.ConclusionThe abortion rate was high especially in young women. There were many problems affecting contraceptive services which damaged women’reproductive health. Increasing government investment for family planning services, strengthening the construction of the family planning department and performing post abortion care and long-acting reversible contraception by taking relevant steps would be useful measures for improving current contraceptive status.
Effectiveness of BPHTB Administration Services at the Makassar City Regional Revenue Agency

Administrative services by Fees for Acquisition of Land and Building Rights at the Makassar City Regional Revenue Agency office have resulted in a good performance. The purpose of this research is to describe the effectiveness of administrative services of acquisition duties on land and building rights at the Makassar City Regional Revenue Agency office. This research is a quantitative descriptive. The results showed: shows that the effectiveness of administrative services for land and building rights in the office of the Regional Revenue Agency of Makassar City with the effective category of timeliness which is categorized as effective is 94.61%, the accuracy of services categorized as effective is 71.38%, politeness and friendly categorized as effective 94%, ease of getting services that were categorized as effective 94.46%, and comfort in getting services that were categorized as quite effective 54.30%. This proves that the administrative service of acquisition fees on land and building rights (BPHTB) at the Makassar City Regional Revenue Agency office has been able to carry out its duties and responsibilities and can implement an administrative service system properly.
Visualization of Facial Attractiveness Factors in Male and Female Images Using Convolutional Neural Network

: Research on attractiveness prediction using facial features has been actively conducted in recent years. The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has been reported to achieve highly accurate predictions. In this study, we investigated facial attractiveness factors by visualizing the hidden layer of the constructed CNN model and enabled the confirmation of features that are important for prediction. The features extracted from this model were moderately consistent with the findings of psychological research.
Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy Application to In Situ Monitoring of n-Heptane Sorption in Mesopores

The dynamics of n-heptane adsorption and desorption on two silicas (Si-A and SBA-15) with different porosity was studied using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Simplified method of spectra analysis consisting in the summation of counts in the long-lived part of PALS spectra was used. It allowed to observe changes occurring in the minute time scale. The dependence of the number of counts on time could be fairly well approximated by exponential functions. It was found that the time required for reaching equilibrium in long cylindrical pores is up to ten times longer than in bell-mouthed interconnected ones. The longest time constants (ca. 5 min in Si-A and ca. 60 min in SBA-15) were observed for desorption in both samples.
Determinants of Multidimensional Poverty among the Under-Five: Illustration Based on Data from the Congo Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

This research’s objectives were to discuss the measurement of multidimensional poverty among children under five years of age and research the explanatory factors of this poverty. Using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) carried out in 2015, a multidimensional poverty index for children under five years old was constructed using Alkire and Foster (2011). The private dimensions of children are early childhood education, health, and sanitation. Estimates carried out show that in 2015, multidimensional poverty affected 35 percent of children under five years old in Con-go-Brazzaville. Also, the factors explaining this poverty include, among other things, the mothers’ lack of education, place of residence, the household’s standard of living, and the presence of several children in the same house-hold. The results suggest the need to redress rural areas’ disadvantages, particularly regarding access to basic social services.
Electrochemically precipitated struvite effects on extractable nutrients compared with other fertilizer‐phosphorus sources

Recovery of struvite, or magnesium ammonium phosphate (MgNH 4 PO 4 · 6H 2 O), from wastewater streams may provide an alternative to traditional P fertilizers. Little research has assessed the behavior of struvite relative to other commercially available, fertilizer-P sources in historically row-cropped soils in the United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate total extractable P and other nutrients from electrochemically (ECST) and chemically precipitated struvite (CPST) compared with triple superphosphate (TSP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), and rock phosphate (RP) in a moist-soil incubation without plants using varying soil textures (loam, silt loam, and silty clay loam). A uniform application rate of 24.5 kg total P ha –1 was used for each fertilizer-P source. Soil sampling occurred six times over a 9-mo period (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 9 mo) to examine the change in soil pH and water-soluble (WS) and Mehlich-3-extractable nutrient concentrations (P, Ca, Mg, and Fe) from their initial levels over time. After 0.5 mo, WS-P concentrations increased the most in the ECST treatment (41.6 mg kg –1 ), which did not differ from that of DAP. Throughout the remaining 8.5 mo of incubation, WS-P concentrations generally decreased in most treatments but were still greater than the initial level by 9 mo and were often similar among ECST, CPST, MAP, DAP, and TSP treatments. Comparable WS-P concentrations among ECST and MAP, DAP, and TSP under soil conditions near field capacity ( ∼ 0.2 g g –1 ) support struvite’s potential as a sustainable fertilizer-P source, thus warranting further investigation of the plant response to struvite use as an alternative fertilizer-P source
Public Acceptance of INDOT’s Traffic Engineering Treatments and Services

As a public agency, interacting with and understanding the public’s perspective regarding agency activities is an important endeavor for the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT). Although INDOT conducts a biennial customer satisfaction survey, it is occasionally necessary to capture public perception regarding more specific aspects of INDOT’s activities. In particular, INDOT needs an effective way to measure and track public opinions and awareness or understanding of a select set of its traffic engineering practices. To evaluate public acceptance of specific INDOT traffic engineering activities, a survey consisting of 1.000 adults residing within the State of Indiana was conducted. The survey population was representative in terms of age and gender of the state as of the 2010 U.S. Census. The survey was administered during the months of July and August 2020. Public awareness regarding emerging treatments not currently implemented in Indiana is low and opposition to the same new technologies is prominent. Older or female drivers are less likely to be aware of emerging treatments, and older drivers are more likely to oppose potential implementation of these treatments. Although roundabouts are commonplace in Indiana, multi-lane roundabouts remain controversial among the public. Regarding maintenance and protection of traffic during work zones and considering full or partial roadway closure, public preference is for partial closure; this preference is stronger in rural areas. The public equally agrees and disagrees that INDOT minimizes construction related traffic delays. Approximately 76% of Indiana drivers believe themselves to above average drivers, while an additional 23% believe themselves to be average. Driver perceptions of average highway speeds speed are not aligned with posted speed limit as the perceived average speed on Indiana’s urban freeways and rural and urban state highways is considerably higher than the actual speed limit.
Integrated CWT-CNN for Epilepsy Detection Using Multiclass EEG Dataset

: Electroencephalography is a common clinical procedure to record brain signals generated by human activity. EEGs are useful in Brain controlled interfaces and other intelligent Neuroscience applications, but manual analysis of these brainwaves is complicated and time-consuming even for the experts of neuroscience. Various EEG analysis and classification techniques have been proposed to address this problem however, the conventional classification methods require identification and learning of specific EEG characteristics beforehand. Deep learning models can learn features from data without having in depth knowledge of data and prior feature identification. One of the great implementations of deep learning is Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which has outperformed traditional neural networks in pattern recognition and image classification. Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is an efficient signal analysis technique that presents the magnitude of EEG signals as time-related Frequency components. Existing deep learning architectures suffer from poor performance when classifying EEG signals in the Time-frequency domain. To improve classification accuracy, we propose an integrated CWT and CNN technique which classifies five types of EEG signals using. We compared the results of proposed integrated CWT and CNN method with existing deep learning models e.g., GoogleNet, VGG16, AlexNet. Furthermore, the accuracy and loss of the proposed integrated CWT and CNN method have been cross validated using Kfold cross validation. The average accuracy and loss of Kfold cross-validationfor proposed integrated CWT and CNN method are, 76.12% and 56.02% respectively. This model produces results on a publicly available dataset: Epilepsy dataset by UCI (Machine Learning Repository).
Subcortical syntax: Reconsidering the neural dynamics of language

Subcortical contributions to core linguistic computations (pertaining to syntax-semantics) remain drastically under-studied. We critique the cortico-centric focus which has largely accompanied research into these higher-order linguistic functions and suggest that, while much remains unknown, there is nevertheless a rich body of knowledge concerning the possible role of subcortex in language. We ultimately attempt to show that there is a clear place for subcortex in models of natural language syntax-semantics, including a role in binary set-formation, categorized object maintenance, lexico-semantic processing, morphosyntactic linearization, and cross-cortical representational integration. In particular, we consult models of language processing relying on oscillatory brain dynamics in order to investigate both the apparent and possible functional roles of subcortex in language.
Physical Transport Processes that Affect the Distribution of Oil in the Gulf of Mexico: Observations and Modeling

Physical transport processes such as the circulation and mixing of waters largely determine the spatial distribution of materials in the ocean. They also establish the physical environment within which biogeochemical and other processes transform materials, including naturally occurring nutrients and human-made contaminants that may sustain or harm the region’s living resources. Thus, understanding and modeling the transport and distribution of materials provides a crucial substrate for determining the effects of biological, geological, and chemical processes. The wide range of scales in which these physical processes operate includes microscale droplets and bubbles; small-scale turbulence in buoyant plumes and the near-surface “mixed” layer; submesoscale fronts, convergent and divergent flows, and small eddies; larger mesoscale quasi-geostrophic eddies; and the overall large-scale circulation of the Gulf of Mexico and its interaction with the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; along with air-sea interaction on longer timescales. The circulation and mixing processes that operate near the Gulf of Mexico coasts, where most human activities occur, are strongly affected by wind- and river-induced currents and are further modified by the area’s complex topography. Gulf of Mexico physical processes are also characterized by strong linkages between coastal/shelf and deeper offshore waters that determine connectivity to the basin’s interior. This physical connectivity influences the transport of materials among different coastal areas within the Gulf of Mexico and can extend to adjacent basins. Major advances enabled by the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative in the observation, understanding, and modeling of all of these aspects of the Gulf’s physical environment are summarized in this article, and key priorities for future work are also identified.