Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hamiltonians and canonical coordinates for spinning particles in curved space-time

The spin-curvature coupling as captured by the so-called Mathisson–Papapetrou–Dixon (MPD) equations is the leading order effect of the finite size of a rapidly rotating compact astrophysical object moving in a curved background. It is also a next-to-leading order effect in the phase of gravitational waves emitted by extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), which are expected to become observable by the LISA space mission. Additionally, exploring the Hamiltonian formalism for spinning bodies is important for the construction of the so-called effective-one-body waveform models that should eventually cover all mass ratios. The MPD equations require supplementary conditions determining the frame in which the moments of the body are computed. We review various choices of these supplementary spin conditions and their properties. Then, we give Hamiltonians either in proper-time or coordinate-time parametrization for the Tulczyjew–Dixon, Mathisson–Pirani, and Kyrian–Semerák conditions. Finally, we also give canonical phase-space coordinates parametrizing the spin tensor. We demonstrate the usefulness of the canonical coordinates for symplectic integration by constructing Poincaré surfaces of section for spinning bodies moving in the equatorial plane in Schwarzschild space-time. We observe the motion to be essentially regular for EMRI-ranges of the spin, but for larger values the Poincaré surfaces of section exhibit the typical structure of a weakly chaotic system. A possible future application of the numerical integration method is the inclusion of spin effects in EMRIs at the precision requirements of LISA.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER AND CLIMATE: DOES CLIMATE AFFECT THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS?

SUMMARY – Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis. The incidence of zoonotic diseases has been shown to be affected by climatic factors. In this study, we evaluated patients endemic to the CCHF region and examined the relationship between the number of patients and climatic properties of the region where they lived. The study included 548 CCHF patients. Along with the patient demographic and clinical characteristics, we recorded temperature, humidity and precipitation in the places where they lived at the time of their admission to the hospital. In addition to temperature, humidity and precipitation at the time of patient admission, these values were assessed at one month and three months prior to admission. The relationship between the number of patients and the above-mentioned values was examined. Humidity at the time of and one month prior to hospital admission, and precipitation three months prior to hospital admission were found to affect the number of patients admitted to the hospital for CCHF. In conclusion, climate appeared to affect the number of CCHF patients. We believe that the number of patients presenting to the hospital with CCHF could be predicted by taking into account climatic properties of the places where CCHF has been recorded, along with undertaking necessary measures.
Fields of locally compact quantum groups: Continuity and pushouts

We prove that discrete compact quantum groups (or more generally locally compact, under additional hypotheses) with coamenable dual are continuous fields over their central closed quantum subgroups, and the same holds for free products of discrete quantum groups with coamenable dual amalgamated over a common central subgroup. Along the way we also show that free products of continuous fields of [Formula: see text]-algebras are again free via a Fell-topology characterization for [Formula: see text]-field continuity, recovering a result of Blanchard’s in a somewhat more general setting.
Amazonian Dark Earths in Bolivia? A Soil Study of Anthropogenic Ring Ditches Near Baures (Eastern Llanos de Mojos)

tinise the importance of soil fertility. Therefore, various methods such as interviews, field surveys, soil profile discussions and laboratory analyses were applied. Results show that soils tend to have particular characteristics at ring ditches in contrast to surrounding areas. The combination of distinctively elevated phosphorus values, darker soil colour and the occurrence of potsherds indicate the presence of the Amazonian Dark Earth type "Terra Mulata" at ring ditch sites. Interviews reveal that local farmers are aware of the increased soil fertility of "Tierras Negras" within ring ditches. Nevertheless, incentives for using those soils are low due to the limited land use pressure and generally more favourable reference soils in contrast to central Amazonian Ferralsols. We finally discuss integrative approaches covering aspects of both physical and social science as pursued within the presented work in context of the dichotomy between human and physical geography. Zusammenfassung: Archaologische, bodenkundliche und ethnobotanische Forschungen der vergangenen Jahrzehnte brachten neue Anstose zur Betrachtung der Mensch-Umweltbeziehung in Amazonien. In diesem Kontext untersuchen wir mogliche Zusammenhange zwischen Terras Pretas do Indio (Amazonian Dark Earths), welche bislang vor allem im zentralen Amazonasbecken Brasiliens verortet werden, mit prakolumbianischen Erdwerken (Earthsworks, Rundgrabenanlagen) der Llanos de Mojos Boliviens. Dabei berucksichtigen wir ebenfalls die Wahrnehmung von Boden durch die lokale Bevolke rung und den allgemeinen Stellenwert von Bodenfruchtbarkeit. Hierfur wurden unterschiedliche Methoden angewandt, welche Interviews und Feldbegehungen sowie Profilansprachen und Laboranalysen umfassen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Boden an Rundgrabenanlagen bestimmte Eigenschaften im Vergleich zu Referenzflachen aufweisen. Die Kombination aus deutlich erhohten Phosphorwerten, dunkler Oberbodenfarbe und der Prasenz von Tonscherben deutet auf den anth ropogenen Schwarzerdetyp „Tierra Mulata". Interviews zeigen, dass die erhohte Fruchtbarkeit der „Tierra Negra" an den Rundgrabenanlagen durch die lokale Bevolkerung wahrgenommen wird. Jedoch sind Anreize zur besonderen Nutzung dieser Boden auf Grund des niedrigen Landnutzungsdrucks kaum vorhanden. Auch sind die Referenzboden im Vergleich zu den Ferralsolen von Zentralamazonien allgemein fruchtbarer. Integrative Ansatze, wie in dieser Studie verfolgt, werden abschliesend im Kontext der Dichotomie zwischen Humangeographie und der Physischen Geographie diskutiert.
1 FORECASTING INFLATION IN VIETNAM WITH UNIVARIATE AND VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS 1

In this paper, I apply univariate and vector autoregressive (VAR) models to forecast inflation in Vietnam. To investigate the forecasting performance of the models, two naïve benchmark models (one is a variant of a random walk and the other is an autoregressive model) are first built based on Atkeson-Ohanian (2001), Gosselin-Tkacz (2001) and the specific properties of inflation in Vietnam. Then, I compute the pseudo out-of-sample root mean square error (RMSE) as a measure of forecast accuracy for the candidate models and benchmarks, using rolling window and expanding window forecasting evaluation strategies. The process is applied to both monthly and quarterly data from Vietnam for the period from 2000 through the first half of 2015. I also apply the forecastencompassing Diebold-Mariano test to support choosing statistically better forecasting models from among the different candidates. I find that VAR_m2 is the best monthly model to forecast inflation in Vietnam, whereas AR(6) is the best of the quarterly forecasting models, although it provides a statistically insignificantly better forecast than the benchmark BM2_q.
Pruning and Quantizing Neural Belief Propagation Decoders

We consider near maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of short linear block codes. In particular, we propose a novel decoding approach based on neural belief propagation (NBP) decoding recently introduced by Nachmani et al. in which we allow a different parity-check matrix in each iteration of the algorithm. The key idea is to consider NBP decoding over an overcomplete parity-check matrix and use the weights of NBP as a measure of the importance of the check nodes (CNs) to decoding. The unimportant CNs are then pruned. In contrast to NBP, which performs decoding on a given fixed parity-check matrix, the proposed pruning-based neural belief propagation (PB-NBP) typically results in a different parity-check matrix in each iteration. For a given complexity in terms of CN evaluations, we show that PB-NBP yields significant performance improvements with respect to NBP. We apply the proposed decoder to the decoding of a Reed-Muller code, a short low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, and a polar code. PB-NBP outperforms NBP decoding over an overcomplete parity-check matrix by 0.27–0.31 dB while reducing the number of required CN evaluations by up to 97%. For the LDPC code, PB-NBP outperforms conventional belief propagation with the same number of CN evaluations by 0.52 dB. We further extend the pruning concept to offset min-sum decoding and introduce a pruning-based neural offset min-sum (PB-NOMS) decoder, for which we jointly optimize the offsets and the quantization of the messages and offsets. We demonstrate performance 0.5 dB from ML decoding with 5-bit quantization for the Reed-Muller code.
Analysing Credit Default Swap Spreads of European Banks

This paper investigates the determinants of the credit default swaps changes of 34 European banks between January 2004 and December 2013. The sample period is further divided into four sub-periods covering both calm and turbulent times (pre-crisis, acute phase and less acute phase of the financial crisis, and the most recent European sovereign debt crisis). We show that CDS spread changes are not entirely driven by credit risk. Our main finding is that liquidity, and market and sector specific factors are embedded in the CDS spreads. Moreover, the influence of these determinants appears to be time-varying. We prove that the credit risk specific to the banking sector as well as the CDS liquidity manifest an influence on the changes in the CDS spread in all the sub-samples. Nonetheless, the market volatility changes do not seem to play any role, whereas equity liquidity has explanatory power only prior to the financial crisis. Moreover, we include an alternative channel for explaining CDS spread changes by means of which we control for time-specificity instead of including the market and sector specific variables. This analysis reveals that changes in accounting leverage do not explain CDS spreads fluctuations.
Do Start-ups Provide Employment Opportunities for Disadvantaged Workers?

This article compares the hiring patterns of start-ups and incumbent firms to analyze whether start-ups offer relatively more job opportunities to disadvantaged workers. Using administrative linked employer–employee data for Germany that provide the complete employment biographies of newly hired workers, the authors show that young firms are more likely than incumbents to hire applicants who are older, foreign, or unemployed, or who have unstable employment histories, arrive from outside the labor force, or were affected by a plant closure. Analysis of entry wages shows that penalties for these disadvantaged workers, however, are higher in start-ups than in incumbent firms. Therefore, even if start-ups provide employment opportunities for certain groups of disadvantaged workers, the quality of these jobs in terms of initial remuneration appears to be low.
The ECB's Asset Purchase Programme: An Early Assessment

This paper analyses the effects of the European Central Bank's expanded asset purchase programme (APP) on yields and on the macroeconomy, and sheds some light on its transmission channels. It shows, first, that the January 2015 announcement of the programme has significantly and persistently reduced sovereign yields on long-term bonds and raised the share prices of banks that held more sovereign bonds in their portfolios. This evidence is consistent with versions of the portfolio rebalancing channel acting through the removal of duration risk and the relaxation of leverage constraints for financial intermediaries. It then presents a stylised macroeconomic model that incorporates the aforementioned transmission channels. The model suggests that the macroeconomic impact of the programme can be expected to be sizable. JEL Classification: E44, E52, G12
The impact of the permafrost carbon feedback on global climate

Degrading permafrost can alter ecosystems, damage infrastructure, and release enough carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to influence global climate. The permafrost carbon feedback (PCF) is the amplification of surface warming due to CO2 and CH4 emissions from thawing permafrost. An analysis of available estimates PCF strength and timing indicate 120 ± 85 Gt of carbon emissions from thawing permafrost by 2100. This is equivalent to 5.7 ± 4.0% of total anthropogenic emissions for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario and would increase global temperatures by 0.29 ± 0.21 °C or 7.8 ± 5.7%. For RCP4.5, the scenario closest to the 2 °C warming target for the climate change treaty, the range of cumulative emissions in 2100 from thawing permafrost decreases to between 27 and 100 Gt C with temperature increases between 0.05 and 0.15 °C, but the relative fraction of permafrost to total emissions increases to between 3% and 11%. Any substantial warming results in a committed, long-term carbon release from thawing permafrost with 60% of emissions occurring after 2100, indicating that not accounting for permafrost emissions risks overshooting the 2 °C warming target. Climate projections in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), and any emissions targets based on those projections, do not adequately account for emissions from thawing permafrost and the effects of the PCF on global climate. We recommend the IPCC commission a special assessment focusing on the PCF and its impact on global climate to supplement the AR5 in support of treaty negotiation.
An intelligent talent recognition of male youth field hockey players using physical fitness, anthro-energy intake and psychological variables

The aim of this study was to determine the most significant of physical fitness, anthro-energy intake and psychological variables in identifying the talented male youth field hockey players. 40 male players (age, 14.6 ± 1.2 years) from Terengganu sport academy were evaluated in different tests and measurements. The rotated PCs resulted 4 components were significant in physical fitness, 8 components were significant in anthro-energy intake and 7 components were significant in psychology. HACA classified the players into 3 groups: high, middle and low performance. The precision of classification using standard, forward and backward stepwise mode have yielded 85.00%, 95.00% and 97.50%. Thus, certain components significantly involved in the talent identification of field hockey players. Effective specified trainings should be considered to increase performance among them. Keywords: field hockey; physical fitness; anthro-energy intake; (TOPS); cluster analysis
TRANSLATIONAL ADDITION THEOREMS FOR PROLATE SPHEROIDAL VECTOR WAVE FUNCTIONS Mr AND Nr *

The translational addition theorems for prolate spheroidal vector wave functions Mr and Nr with reference to the spheroidal coordinate system at the origin 0 are obtained in terms of spheroidal vector wave functions with reference to the translated spheroidal coordinate system at the origin 0'. These addition theorems are absolutely necessary for the study of the multiple scattering of electromagnetic waves when the single electromagnetic scattering solution is also expressed in terms of spheroidal vector wave functions Mr and Nr.
Pinning, Flux Flow Resistivity, and Anisotropy of Fe(Se,Te) Thin Films From Microwave Measurements Through a Bitonal Dielectric Resonator

We report on the anisotropy of the vortex motion surface impedance of a FeSe<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_x$</tex-math></inline-formula>Te<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{1-x}$</tex-math></inline-formula>thin film grown on a CaF<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_2$</tex-math></inline-formula>substrate. The dependence on the magnetic field intensity up to 1.2 T and direction, both parallel and perpendicular to the sample <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$c$</tex-math></inline-formula>-axis, was explored at fixed temperature at two distinct frequencies, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim\! 16$</tex-math></inline-formula> GHz and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim\! 27\;$</tex-math></inline-formula>GHz, by means of a bitonal dielectric resonator. The free flux flow resistivity <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho _{ff}$</tex-math></inline-formula>was obtained by exploiting standard models for the high frequency dynamics, whereas the angle dependence was studied in the framework of the well known and widely used Blatter-Geshkenbein-Larkin (BGL) scaling theory for anistropic superconductors. Excellent agreement with the scaling law prescription by the fluxon flux flow resistivity was obtained. From the scaling analysis, a low-field mass anisotropy <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim\! 1.8$</tex-math></inline-formula>was obtained, well within the value ranges reported in literature. The angular dependence of the pinning constant suggests that pinning is dominated by random, isotropic point pins, consistently with critical current density measurements.
Coverage Games for Energy-Aware Mobile Sensor Networks

Inspired by current challenges in data-intensive and energy-limited sensor networks, we formulate a coverage optimization problem for mobile sensors as a (constrained) repeated multiplayer game. Each sensor tries to optimize its own coverage while minimizing the processing/energy cost. The sensors are subject to the informational restriction that the environmental distribution function is unknown a priori. We present two distributed learning algorithms where each sensor only remembers its own utility values and actions played during the last plays. These algorithms are proven to be convergent in probability to the set of (constrained) Nash equilibria and global optima of a certain coverage performance metric, respectively. Numerical examples are provided to verify the performance of our proposed algorithms.
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MONOZYGOTIC AND DIZYGOTIC TWINS IN THE LABOUR MARKET

The paper accurately determines zygosity in a twins’ data set, presents a fairly detailed demographic and socio-economic profile of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins in the Ghanaian labour market and provides evidence of the similarities and differences between MZ and DZ twins. Predictive discriminant analysis is used to classify twins into MZ and DZ groups and descriptive analysis is performed to observe and explore patterns and relationships between sociodemographic variables. The discriminant analysis revealed that 99.2% of the twins were classified correctly into MZ and DZ twins groups. The descriptive analysis indicated that female twins slightly outnumber male twins and the sample of twins was largely youthful. It was also observed that more than half of the twins had completed only elementary schooling. However, MZ twins had higher educational attainment and higher earnings than DZ twins. The association between the educational levels and annual earnings of MZ twins were also found to be greater than that of DZ twins. The findings suggest that genes and environment play a major role in identifying similarities and differences in the socio-demographic characteristics of individuals in the workforce.
Towards Online Spam Filtering In Social Networks

With 20 million presents every day, outcast applications are a guideline clarification behind the reputation and addictiveness of Facebook. Lamentably, developers have comprehended the ability of using applications for spreading malware and spam. The issue is starting at now major, as we find that no under 13% of uses in our dataset are threatening to date, the investigation gather has focused on perceiving noxious posts and campaigns. In this paper, we suggest the conversation starter: given a Facebook application, would we have the capacity to pick if it is malignant? Our key duty is in making FRAppE Facebook's Rigorous Application Evaluator apparently the foremost instrument focused on finding dangerous applications on Facebook. To make FRAppE, we use information amassed by watching the posting behavior of 111K Facebook applications seen across more than 2.2 million customers on Facebook. In the first place, we perceive a game plan of components that aides us perceive noxious applications from kindhearted ones. For example, we locate that vindictive applications oftentimes confer names to various applications, and they usually request less assents than positive applications. Second, using these perceiving features, we display that FRAppE can recognize malignant applications with 99.5% precision, with no false positives and a low false negative rate (4.1%). Finally, we research the natural arrangement of noxious Facebook applications and see segments that these applications use to spread inquisitively, we locate that various applications plot and reinforce each other; in our dataset, we find 1,584 applications enabling the viral causing of 3,723 distinct applications through their posts. Whole deal, we view FRAppE as a phase towards making a free protect canine for application evaluation and situating, to alert Facebook customers before presenting applications.