Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New findings based on long-term photometric observations of the eclipsing binary V471 Tauri

The post-common envelope and pre-cataclysmic binary V471 Tau has been observed by the authors since 1973. At least a complete light curve in B and V bands and more than two eclipse timings were obtained in each year. All the available data published so far (including the authors') have been collected and analysed for the brightness and orbital period changes. The system brightened about 0.22 mag in both B and V bands more or less regularly up to 1997 and started to decrease afterwards. A search for periodicity of this variation yields a period longer than 85 yr. In addition to this long-period variation, a small amplitude of about 0.08 mag and short time-interval fluctuations on the mean brightness have been detected. The variations of the mean brightness have been discussed and plausible causes suggested. The changes of the apparent period have been attributed to a third body. Analysis of all the ‘observed−calculated’ (O−C) data yields a period of 32.4 yr, with a semi-amplitude of 151 s and an eccentricity of 0.30 for the third-body orbit. For orbital inclinations greater than 34° the mass of the third body would possibly match to a brown dwarf. One of the most interesting features in the light curve of V471 Tau is the decrement of the eclipse depth with time. The depth of the eclipse in the B band has been decreased from 0.082 to 0.057 mag over 34 yr. Subtracting the variation of the depth due to the brightening of the red dwarf star, the actual variation in depth, originated from from the white dwarf, was found to be about 0.012 mag. This change in the brightness of the compact object has been attributed to the mass accretion from its primary component via thermally driven wind and/or flare-like events.
Metric Nearness with Minimum Distortion: Optimal and Approximation

In many applications in data science and the Internet, there are standard computational tasks such as data clustering and proximity search which typically involve metric distance functions. For various reasons though, this basic property may not be satisfied. Metric nearness problem was defined as follows: Given a semi-metric (i.e., triangle inequalities may be violated) space, find the closest metric space in the p-norm distance, where the nearness is quantified by the distortion between input and output distances.We study a variant of the metric nearness problem: given a semi-metric (i.e., triangle inequalities may be violated), the goal is to find a closest metric space with minimum distortion. In the perspective of embedding, the distortion measure may make more sense than distance measure, as the low factor distortion means minor changes to each entry of the distance matrix during the process of metric nearness, while their distances only bound the total sum changes in previous works. We show that finding a metric with optimal distortion factor can be solved in computing all pairwise shortest path distances. We then propose a constant approximation algorithm that takes subquadratic time and linear space. Additionally, we present a heuristic approximation algorithm, which takes linear time to output a metric distance matrix.
Randomized Scheduling of ADMM-LP Decoding Based on Geometric Priors

We present a randomized schedule for alternating direction method of multipliers with linear programming (ADMM-LP) decoding of low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. The randomized schedule is based on horizontal layered decoding, where nodes are updated sequentially. Unlike existing layered decoding frameworks where all check nodes are updated exactly once per iteration, we propose a randomized schedule where more problematic nodes are updated more frequently. To do so, we sample from a probability mass function (PMF) over all check nodes and the check with sampled index is updated. The probability of each check to be updated is determined by its state. The PMF is constructed based on the distribution of replica (check) vectors inside or on the parity polytope. The randomized decoder usually converges faster than both standard and horizontal layered decoders, making it suitable for limited-iteration decoding in high-throughput applications.
Time resolved optical emission spectroscopy of an inductively coupled plasma in argon and oxygen

We present the space-time resolved excitation data for a single coil inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor operating in collision dominated regime in argon and oxygen at 13.56 MHz. Robot assisted scanning was used in order to obtain Abel inverted radial profiles of emission and subsequently of the net excitation rate as well as the number density of excited states. The net excitation rate in argon has modulation close to the walls due to the azimuthal field time dependence and a large bulk value independent of the time presumably due to low energy electron-metastable atom collisions. The time resolved profile in oxygen shows a much more pronounced modulation due to the azimuthal field and a much lower degree of excitation for the center of the tube. At low pressures a structure is observed in the temporal dependence of the net excitation rate that is consistent with two different mechanisms of electron acceleration with phase shift of $\ensuremath{\pi}/4$: (I) by azimuthal field and (II) due to the drift motion in crossed electric and magnetic fields that leads to a motion in the azimuthal or radial direction and consequently to energy gain.
EAMR: An Emotion-aware Music Recommender Method via Mel Spectrogram and Arousal-Valence Model

For music platforms, the cold start of new songs is a big challenge for recommendation systems. Most existing methods adopt music content (i.e., the audio signal) to alleviate this problem. But these approaches typically overlook the emotional characteristics embedded in the music, which is particularly important for modeling the characteristics of the songs. Considering the existence of negative and positive classifications of songs and the existence of alternating processes of calmness and excitement in song melodies. We propose an emotion-aware music recommender method (EAMR) via Mel spectrogram and the arousal-valence model. First, each audio clip is transformed into a log-Mel spectrogram, and a deep neural network extracts the emotional features. Meanwhile, each audio clip is dimensionally reduced to a 16-dimensional feature vector normalized to obtain each sentiment feature vector of songs. Second, the Euclidean distance of the song feature vector is calculated to recommend the song with the highest similarity to the user's current favorite. Finally, taking into account the impact of features extracted by different convolutional kernels on the model, the ability of model feature extraction is further improved by introducing an attention mechanism called Att-EAMR. The proposed methods are tested on the public Spotify Million Playlist dataset and the free music archive dataset FMA. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform the other comparison approaches when the system faces a cold start.
Voltage Control and Power-Shortage Mode Switch of PV Inverter in the Islanded Microgrid Without Other Energy Sources

The growing installation capacity of distributed photovoltaic inverter needs change of the operation method in the modern power grid. Recently, to better integrate into the grid, the active power control is investigated in photovoltaic inverter. Meanwhile, without energy storage, the photovoltaic inverter can use voltage control method to further support the grid voltage and frequency. Due to the stochastic photovoltaic power, the mode switch is needed when the maximum power still cannot meet the grid demands. The operation of PV inverter in this power shortage mode has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, this paper investigates the mode switch method for voltage-controlled two-stage photovoltaic inverter. The power conversion principle of synchronous generator is realized in the inverter and the dc/dc converter maintains the dc-side voltage. The mode switch method between normal operation and power-shortage state is proposed. With this method, the PV inverter can real-time adjust the output power of photovoltaic battery and match the load demand without support from other energy source even under PV output power's intense change.
Power Loss Estimation of Isolated Coupled Inductor based Dual Active Bridge Converter using GaN Devices

The interleaved coupled inductor-based dual active bridge (CIDAB) converters are capable to improve the efficiency over a wide range of loads as compared to conventional dual active bridge (DAB) converters. Using the traditional phase-shifting control method, this study examines the power losses of the CIDAB converter in forwarding mode i.e. low to high voltages, and reverse mode i.e. high to low voltages power flow operations. The silicon (Si) and gallium nitride (GaN) switching devices are considered for this analysis and their characteristics are extracted from the datasheet. The goal of this work is to create a power loss model which can be utilized in estimating the power losses of the CIDAB converter using GaN semiconductor devices and to compare it to the current literature. Further, the simulation studies are performed through the MATLAB software and the results are discussed. It is observed that the GaN-based CIDAB converter is in great competition with the existing similar topologies.
Bayesian Change-Point Detection via Context-Tree Weighting

Change-point detection for discrete time series is an important task with numerous applications. We develop a new hierarchical Bayesian framework for modelling inhomogeneous discrete time series with change-points. The distributions of different segments are modelled as variable-memory Markov chains, defining piece-wise homogeneous variable-memory chains. Building on the recently introduced Bayesian Context Trees framework, it is shown that the Context-Tree Weighting algorithm can be employed to compute the prior predictive likelihood of each segment, with all models and parameters integrated out. This is then used to develop a new class of effective Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for the posterior of the number and locations of change-points. These not only identify the most likely change-points, but also provide access to their entire posterior distribution. Estimates of the actual models in each segment can be obtained at negligible cost. Results on both synthetic and real-world data sets indicate that the proposed methodology performs better or as well as state-of-the-art techniques.
An Audit on Incorrect Blood Component Transfused at a Teaching Hospital in North-eastern Malaysia: a single centre experience

Clinical demand for blood transfusion is endless, and patients are exposed to the risk of transfusion error at any point along the transfusion chain which lead to incorrect blood component transfused (IBCT) if the standard transfusion practices have not complied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, sources, and causes of error among IBCT in Hospital USM. This retrospective study involved all packed red cell (PC) transfusion and reported IBCT in Transfusion Medicine Units, Hospital USM from January 2005 to December 2020. The recipient and transfusion data of IBCT were collected from the medical record and laboratory information system ( MyTransfusi ). A total of 193 697 PC transfusions were documented, and 14 IBCT were reported within 16 years of transfusion services. The incidence of IBCT was 1 in 13 836 of PC transfusion. Most of the IBCT contributed by ward error (64.3%). The major cause of error was patient miss identification (85.7%) either in patient sampling, blood component issuing and administration. Most ABO incompatibility IBCT (3 out of 5) end up with severe morbidity or mortality related to an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction. Most of the errors occurred in the wards. Patient misidentification is a major cause of IBCT, and it is preventable. Thus, preventive measures should emphasize on positive patient identification at every step of transfusion chain.
On Biological Function: A Critical Examination of Eliminativism

: Eliminativism is a peripheral (if not dead) position in the current biological function debate, and it is roughly presented as the thesis that function terms are eliminable in biological discourse. While eliminativism is often assumed inadequate, a detailed examination of eliminativism is lacking in current literature. Accordingly, this article provides a critical examination of eliminativism. This examination consists of three parts: a clarification of three supporting arguments for eliminativism (based on historical literature), a unified account of eliminativism (inspired in particular by Larry Wright 1976), and a discussion of its validity and some of its implications. This article concludes by briefly addressing the persistent presence of function terms in biological discourse
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Related to Transplantation: Insights From Japan

Infectious diseases after transplantation account for significant morbidity and mortality in children undergoing transplantation; the importance of pediatric transplant infectious disease (TID) specialists has therefore been recognized. Although tremendous advancement continues in transplantation medicine, pediatric-specific data and evidence are limited. In Japan, the majority of TIDs had not been managed by infectious disease specialists because pediatric infectious diseases have not been recognized as a solo subspecialty until recently in Japan. However, in the last decade, there was a new movement for pediatric TID in Japan; some pediatric infectious disease specialists trained outside Japan have been playing an important role in managing pediatric TID in a few academic and pediatric institutions. In this review article, we introduce the current status of infectious complications related to pediatric hematopoietic cell and solid organ transplantation, highlighting currently available local evidence, common practice and issues in the field of pediatric TID in Japan.
The role of HIV/hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus RNA+ triple infection in end-stage liver disease and all-cause mortality in Europe

Background: There are limited data on end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and mortality in people with HIV (PWH) coinfected with both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods: All PWH aged greater than 18 under follow-up in EuroSIDA positive for HBsAg (HBV), and/or HCVRNA+, were followed from baseline (latest of 1 January 2001, EuroSIDA recruitment, known HBV/HCV status) to ESLD, death, last visit, or 31 December 2020. Follow-up while HCVRNA- was excluded. In two separate models, Poisson regression compared three groups updated over time; HIV/HBV, HIV/HCV, and HIV/HBV/HCV. Results: Among 5733 included individuals, 4476 (78.1%) had HIV/HCV, 953 (16.6%) had HIV/HBV and 304 (5.3%) had HIV/HBV/HCV. In total, 289 (5%) developed ESLD during 34 178 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), incidence 8.5/1000 PYFU [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.5–9.4] and 707 deaths occurred during 34671 PYFU (incidence 20.4/1000 PYFU; 95% CI 18.9–21.9). After adjustment, compared with those with HIV/HCV, persons with HIV/HBV had significantly lower rates of ESLD [adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 0.53; 95% CI 0.34–0.81]. Those with HIV/HBV/HCV had marginally significantly higher rates of ESLD (aIRR 1.49; 95% CI 0.98–2.26). Those under follow-up in 2014 or later had significantly lower rates of ESLD compared with 2007–2013 (aIRR 0.65; 95% CI 0.47–0.89). Differences in ESLD between the three groups were most pronounced in those aged at least 40. After adjustment, there were no significant differences in all-cause mortality across the three groups. Conclusion: HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals had lower rates of ESLD and HIV/HBV/HCV had higher rates of ESLD compared with those with HIV/HCV, especially in those aged more than 40. ESLD decreased over time across all groups. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02699736.
The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (AHS) pada Populasi Indonesia: Struktur Faktor dan Properti Psikometris

The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (AHS) is the first and primary measure that evaluates the hope construct. However, the instrument’s factorial structure is still debatable. The present study aims to validate and evaluate the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of AHS. Participants were 221 Indonesian adults recruited via an online survey. Confirmatory Factor Analysis results showed that the two-factor model best represents the Indonesian version of AHS underlying factors (Δχ² (1) = 5.3774, p < 0.05). The Indonesian version of AHS also showed good validity and adequate internal consistency ( 𝝎 = .791). Therefore, findings from this study suggest supporting evidence for the two-factor model of AHS and indicate that the Indonesian version of AHS is a valid and reliable instrument to measure hope construct in the Indonesian adult population.
What Jobs Come to Mind? Stereotypes about Fields of Study

We document that US freshmen hold systematic misperceptions about the relationship between college majors and occupations. Students stereotype fields of study, greatly exaggerating the likelihood that majors lead to their distinctive jobs (e.g., counselor for psychology, journalist for journalism). In an experiment, a light-touch intervention aimed at correcting these beliefs shifts which majors students expect to pursue. Students considering “risky” majors—ones with rare stereotypical careers and low-paying alternatives—exhibit stronger treatment effects, consistent with a stylized model of major choice. Finally, we present a model of belief formation in which stereotyping arises as a product of associative memory. The same model predicts—and the survey data confirm—that students also overestimate outcomes to the extent that they are rare, concentrated within particular majors, or held by people they are personally close to (their parents and other role models). ∗Department of Economics, Stanford University. Conlon: johnconlon@g.harvard. edu. Patel: devpatel@g.harvard. edu. We thank the Exploration Program at Ohio State for their support in implementing our surveys, and Jenna Anders, Zach Bleemer, Pedro Bordalo, Emily Breza, Katie Coffman, Lucas Coffman, Meg Edison, Ben Enke, Nicola Gennaioli, Ed Glaeser, Claudia Goldin, Larry Katz, Gabriel Kreindler, Ross Mattheis, Gautam Rao, Matthew Rabin, Josh Schwartzstein, Andrei Shleifer, Evan Soltas, and Basit Zafar for helpful feedback. This study underwent human subjects review at Harvard University under IRB20-1581. We are grateful for financial support from the Lab for Economic Applications and Policy, the Mind Brain Behavior Initiative, the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant DGE1745303, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship in Behavioral Macroeconomics, awarded through the NBER. The experiment described in this paper was pre-registered at the AEA RCT Registry (ID AEARCTR-0008339). All errors are ours.
Biosynthesised Silver Nanoparticles Loading onto Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Antibacterial and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) serves as one of the substitutes for bone as it consists of an intimate mixture of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) in different ratios. BCP, because of its inbuilt properties such as osteoconductivity, biocompatibility, and biostability in several clinical models serves as a bone substituent for orthopedic applications. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) combined with BCP composites for the orthopedic sector of bone tissue regeneration and growth. In this regard, we first synthesized Ag-BCP microclusters by the double-emulsion method and then characterized the composite for various physicochemical properties, including the crystallinity and crystal structure, bonding and functionality, porosity, morphology, surface charges, topography, and thermal stability. In addition, the antibacterial activity of Ag-BCP was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Escherichia coli. Finally, the cytocompatibility of Ag-BCP was confirmed against the fibroblast cells in vitro.
Geometric Constraints In Stereo Vision

The correspondence problem, matching the same feature in two views, is a central problem of stereo vision. We examine geometric constraints on stereo correspondence and describe progress toward formulation from first principles of an evaluation function for selection of the best among alternative correspondences. Within a surface interpretation, conditions on correspondence of edges and surface intervals are shown. These conditions are useful with wide angle stereo and provide particularly tight constraints for narrow angle stereo. We invoke the general assumption that edge and surface orientations are not related to observer position. We are combining these general constraints with ongoing work in scene modeling of known regularities which include distributions with respect to the gravity vector (horizontal and vertical edges and surfaces), parallelism and alignment with local coordinate systems, and orthogonal corners. We will use them to calculate a likelihood measure for correspondences.
Persistent homoclinic tangencies for conservative maps near the identity

For families of conservative maps near the identity we prove the existence of open sets of parameters with persistence of homoclinic tangencies between stable and unstable leaves of ‘thick’ horse-shoes. Such families are obtained, for instance, by perturbing integrable Hamiltonian systems in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with a rapidly periodic oscillatory term and then performing a slowing change in the time variable.
Generalized p-Values in Significance Testing of Hypotheses in the Presence of Nuisance Parameters

Abstract This article examines some problems of significance testing for one-sided hypotheses of the form H 0 : θ ≤ θ 0 versus H 1 : θ > θ 0, where θ is the parameter of interest. In the usual setting, let x be the observed data and let T(X) be a test statistic such that the family of distributions of T(X) is stochastically increasing in θ. Define Cx as {X : T(X) — T(x) ≥ 0}. The p value is p(x) = sup θ≤θ0 Pr(X ∈ Cx | θ). In the presence of a nuisance parameter η, there may not exist a nontrivial Cx with a p value independent of η. We consider tests based on generalized extreme regions of the form Cx (θ, η) = {X : T(X; x, θ, η) ≥ T(x; x, θ, η)}, and conditions on T(X; x, θ, η) are given such that the p value p(x) = sup θ≤θ0 Pr(X ∈ Cx (θ, η)) is free of the nuisance parameter η, where T is stochastically increasing in θ. We provide a solution to the problem of testing hypotheses about the differences in means of two independent exponential distributions, a problem for which the fixed-level testing approach.
On the pseudo-conformal geometry of hypersurfaces of the space of $n$ complex variables

By a hypersurface we here mean a $(2n-1)$-dimensional real analytic submanifold of the space of $n$ complex variables, $i$ . $e$ . the n-dimensional complex Cartesian space $C^{n}(n\geqq 2)$ . A homeomorphism $f$ of one hypersurface $S$ onto another hypersurface $S^{\prime}$ is called a pseudo-conformal homeomorphism, if it can be extended to a complex analytic homeomorphism of a neighborhood of
Modulus of continuity for conditionally stable ill-posed problems in Hilbert space

Abstract One of the fundamental results in the theory of ill-posed inverse problems asserts that these problems can become conditionally well-posed when restricting the domain of the forward operator in an appropriate manner. This leads to the study of certain moduli of continuity for the associated restricted inverse operator. The authors systematically study this modulus of continuity and highlight its intimate connection to error bounds of various regularizing procedures. The contributions of V. K. Ivanov and his concept of quasi-solutions are fundamental for such analysis.