Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Persuasive design strategies Means to improve the use of information organisation and search features in web site information architecture?

Many information retrieval systems contain advanced information organisation and search features that are seldom utilized fully by end-users. Users are quickly browsers with a poor understanding of information needs and how to develop effective search strategies. Searching aids are needed to assist the user through the search process. The paper presents the concept of persuasive technology and investigates persuasive principles as a means to guide users and improve their understanding and use of information organization and search features. The assumption is that persuasive principles can be used in information retrieval to enable particular searching behaviors by making them simpler, easier, and thus more attractive to the user. The analysis is based on a case study approach. Persuasive principles are analysed and compared to features at the public portal Startvækst (StartGrowth) that provide information and services for entrepreneurs and growth businesses. The analysis shows that persuasive principles of tailoring, reduction, and tunnelling may ease complex query formulation through simplifying the user-system interaction. The principles suggestion, surveillance , and monitoring may be used to inform and encourage the user to take advantage of system features. The principles are not revolutionary, but they provide a useful tool for analysis and generation of ideas how to implement supportive features in Web site information architecture. The analysis exposes several challenges to investigate in future research: Kairos, the opportune moments to present persuasive principles; zones of intervention, when do the user need support in the retrieval process; what data about user behaviour is useful for surveillance and monitoring; usability, ethics and user satisfaction, what is the appropriate mode for surveillance, control
Evaluation of an innovative strategy for teaching systems of linear equations in terms of classroom environment, attitudes and conceptual development

x Acknowledgements xiii Chapter 1 – Background to the Study 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Introduction 2 1.3 Background to the Study 3 1.4 Rationale for the Present Study 5 1.5 Context of the Study 7 1.5. 1 Education System in California and Students’ Demography 7 1.5. 2 Teaching and Learning Context 8 1.6 Learning Environments 9 1.7 Specific Research Questions 11 1.8 Outline of Other Chapters 12 1.9 Significance of the Research 13 1.10 Limitations 14 1.11 Summary of the Chapter 15 Chapter 2 – Literature Review 2.1 Overview 17 2.2 Theoretical and Historical Background 18 2.3 Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods 20 2.3. 1 Quantitative Methods 22 2.3. 2 Qualitative Methods 23 2.4 Learning Environment Questionnaires 24 2.4. 1 Overview of a Variety of Questionnaires 25
The Impact of College Students’ Creativity on Their Innovation Behavior in the “Internet +” Era: The Mediating Role of Creative Self-Efficacy

Social progress is driven by innovation; especially, in the context of “Internet +” innovation and entrepreneurship, college students serve as a frontier group that brings new ideas and new technologies into society, and as such college students’ creativity and innovation behavior are important for their country’s future social and economic development. Therefore, China vigorously advocates the cultivation of college students’ innovative ability to meet the needs of the development of the times. Determining the key factors currently influencing innovation behavior by college students is an area of current research interest. Building on the literature, this study uses the questionnaire survey method to analyze data from 226 college students relating to creativity, innovation behavior, and creative self-efficacy, exploring the mechanisms by which the students’ creativity affects their innovation behavior in the context of “Internet +” innovation and entrepreneurship. The results show that creativity has a significant positive effect on innovation behavior among college students and that creative self-efficacy plays a mediating role in this relationship.
Surface Based Microseismic Monitoring of a Hydraulic Fracture Well Stimulation in the

Summary Microseismic monitoring of well stimulation by hydraulic fracturing is now an accepted technology. Most such monitoring is achieved with a downhole array of geophones located at or near the reservoir level in a nearby observation well. The need for an available observation well and the limited view such a well provides are impediments to the potential usefulness of the technology. The ability to monitor hydraulic fracture growth from the surface allows for larger array apertures and increases subsurface coverage with while maintaining reasonable resolution and detection limits. Stacking over a large number of stations effectively cancels the surface noise and enables seismic signal detection at levels that are comparable to downhole techniques. More importantly, the surface array is able to detect these comparable signals over a larger subsurface area and shed more light on the extent of the reservoir volume being stimulated.
Working toward a fire-scar network for the Cumberland Plateau—Fire history results from Bridgestone Nature Reserve at Chestnut Mountain, Tennessee

Abstract. We reconstructed historical fire regime characteristics at the Bridgestone Nature Reserve at Chestnut Mountain using tree-ring dated fire scars on live and dead shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) trees. Fire-scar records described the historical fire frequency and seasonality from the mid-18th century to present. Overall, we found historical fires occurred relatively frequently, predominantly in the dormant season, and were likely low-severity events. Mean fire intervals (MFIs) were slightly longer in the pre-Euro-American period (1744–1834; MFI = 9.6 yrs) versus the post-Euro-American period (1834–1935; MFI = 5.6 yrs). No fires were recorded after 1940, which in combination with past logging and land uses, is likely a major contributor to the ongoing decline of shortleaf pine and pyrophytic oak species observed here. Surprisingly, the majority of fire event years after 1834 were also recorded at Savage Gulf State Natural Area (52 km to the south), raising questions about potential historical fire sizes, patterns, and driving factors across the Cumberland Plateau landscape. In a landscape where fire-scarred remnants are present but relatively scarce and rapidly disappearing, these data are important for evidencing historical fire regimes and developing a more comprehensive regional network of fire history sites that could reveal valuable historical ecological information for the Cumberland Plateau.
Development of Reliable Erosion Indices for Climate-Informed Soil Conservation in the Southeastern United States

ii Acknowledgments. iii List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii List of Abbreviations . xii Chapter 1: Introduction to Study.1 1.1 Motivation . 2 1.2 Research Outline and Purpose . 6 1.2. 1 Objectives . 6 1.2. 2 Experimental Design . 7 1.2. 3 Anticipated Outcomes . 8 1.2. 4 Broader Impacts . 9 1.3 Soil Background . 10 1.3. 1 Soil Forming Factors.10 1.3. 2 Soil Loss Mechanisms and Modeling . 12 1.3. 3 Physical vs. Empirical Models . 13 1.3. 4 The State of Erosion Prediction Technology . 14 1.4 Climate Background . 16 1.4. 1 Climate Modeling . 17 1.4. 2 Climate Change . 18 1.4. 3 Climate Variability.20
A connectivity model of the anatomic substrates underlying Gerstmann syndrome

Abstract The Gerstmann syndrome is a constellation of neurological deficits that include agraphia, acalculia, left–right discrimination and finger agnosia. Despite a growing interest in this clinical phenomenon, there remains controversy regarding the specific neuroanatomic substrates involved. Advancements in data-driven, computational modelling provides an opportunity to create a unified cortical model with greater anatomic precision based on underlying structural and functional connectivity across complex cognitive domains. A literature search was conducted for healthy task-based functional MRI and PET studies for the four cognitive domains underlying Gerstmann’s tetrad using the electronic databases PubMed, Medline, and BrainMap Sleuth (2.4). Coordinate-based, meta-analytic software was utilized to gather relevant regions of interest from included studies to create an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) map for each cognitive domain. Machine-learning was used to match activated regions of the ALE to the corresponding parcel from the cortical parcellation scheme previously published under the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Diffusion spectrum imaging-based tractography was performed to determine the structural connectivity between relevant parcels in each domain on 51 healthy subjects from the HCP database. Ultimately 102 functional MRI studies met our inclusion criteria. A frontoparietal network was found to be involved in the four cognitive domains: calculation, writing, finger gnosis, and left–right orientation. There were three parcels in the left hemisphere, where the ALE of at least three cognitive domains were found to be overlapping, specifically the anterior intraparietal area, area 7 postcentral (7PC) and the medial intraparietal sulcus. These parcels surround the anteromedial portion of the intraparietal sulcus. Area 7PC was found to be involved in all four domains. These regions were extensively connected in the intraparietal sulcus, as well as with a number of surrounding large-scale brain networks involved in higher-order functions. We present a tractographic model of the four neural networks involved in the functions which are impaired in Gerstmann syndrome. We identified a ‘Gerstmann Core’ of extensively connected functional regions where at least three of the four networks overlap. These results provide clinically actionable and precise anatomic information which may help guide clinical translation in this region, such as during resective brain surgery in or near the intraparietal sulcus, and provides an empiric basis for future study.
Recovery of Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm after Photodynamic Therapy with Erythrosine and LED Light Source

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of erythrosine-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on Streptococcus mutans biofilm recovery by counting its colony-forming units (CFUs) and via confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis at different time points following PDT. In PDT, photosensitizer was an erythrosine. S. mutans ATCC25175 biofilms were irradiated using an LED curing light. Chlorhexidine (CHX) was used as positive control. After each antimicrobial treatment, samples were cultured to allow biofilm recovery. Viability was measured by calculating the CFU counts after treatment and after every 3 hours for up to 24 hours. Immediately after treatment, the PDT and CHX groups showed equally significant decreases in S. mutans CFU counts compared to the negative control. After 12 hours of reculture, the PDT group showed no significant difference in the decrease in CFU count compared to the negative control, whereas the CHX group showed significantly lower CFU counts throughout the 24-hour period. Erythrosine-mediated PDT can effectively inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation. However, biofilm recovery occurred earlier in the CHX group after PDT. This study provides insights into the clinical effectiveness of PDT in preventing dental caries.
HDR luminance normalization via contextual facilitation in highly recurrent neuromorphic spiking networks

Previous research has shown that many luminance normalization mechanisms are engaged when viewing scenes with high dynamic range (HDR) luminance. In one such phenomenon, areas of similar luminance contextually facilitate the perception of ambiguous textures. Using inspiration from biological circuitry, we developed a recurrent spiking neural network that reproduces experimental results of contextual facilitation in HDR images. The network uses correlations between luminance and texture to correctly classify and segment ambiguous textures in images. While many deep neural networks can successfully perform many types of image analysis, they have limited ability to process images under naturalistic HDR illumination, requiring millions of neurons and power hungry GPUs. It is an open question if a recurrent spiking neural network can minimize the number of neurons required to perform HDR image segmentation based on texture. To that end, we designed a biologically inspired proof-of-concept recurrent SNN that can perform such a task. The network is implemented using leaky integrate-and-fire neurons, with CuBa synapses. We use the Nengo LOIHI API to simulate the network, so it can be run on Intel’s LOIHI neuromorphic hardware. The network uses a highly recurrent structure to both group image elements based on luminance and texture, and to seamlessly combine these modalities to correctly segment ambiguous textures. Furthermore, we can continuously modulate how much luminance or texture contribute to the segmentation. We surmise that further development of this network will improve the resilience of optical flow computations under environments with complex naturalistic illumination.
INTRAUTERINE VERSUS SUBLINGUAL MISOPROSTOL FOR THE CONTROL OF INTRA AND POSTOPERATIVE BLEEDING DUE TO ATONIC UTERUS IN CESAREAN DELIVERY

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and intra-operative blood during cesarean delivery is a major concern to all obstetricians, misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 analogue with good uterotonic properties and has been evaluated for both prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. Objective: To compare between intrauterine and sublingual misoprostol for the prevention of intra and postoperative uterine atonic bleeding in cesarean delivery. Patients and methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. This study was carried out at conducted in the operative rooms of Bab Al-Sharia Maternity Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Azhar University, from July 2020 till January 2021. Two hundred pregnant women were recruited from the operative rooms of BabAl Sharia Maternity Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Azhar University. Result: There were insignificant difference between both groups as regards age, gravidity, parity, abortion, gestational age (in weeks), risk factor and previous surgery and side effects. There was significant difference between both groups as Blood loss (Intra-operative, Post-operative and overall. Conclusion: Intrauterine misoprostol (600 mg), is effective in decreasing the incidence of PPH and reducing the amount of postpartum blood loss. Also, it reduced the need for blood transfusion, the extra ecbolics, and additional intervention and with less reduction in postoperative hemoglobin (HB) level and hematocrit level when compared to oxytocin alone.
‘Here is my shameful confession. I don’t really “get” poetry’: discerning reader types in responses to Sylvia Plath’s Ariel on Goodreads

ABSTRACT This article considers how readers engage with Sylvia Plath’s poetry collection Ariel (1965) – deemed as particularly ‘difficult’ – on Goodreads, in the context of online amateur reviewing. George Steiner’s (1978) fourfold typology of difficulty (contingent, modal, tactical and ontological) informs our approach and leads us to explore the ways in which difficulty is talked about and dealt with, especially since the poetry genre faces resistance in educational settings, as Peter Benton (2015) points out. Our discussion stems from a qualitative analysis of 25 positive and 25 negative Goodreads reviews of Ariel, from which we derive an inductive typology of readerly attitudes. We find that, across the positive/negative spectrum, three readerly attitudes prevail that can be aligned with particular reader types: The Self-Deprecator, The Re-Reader, and The Senser. The Self-Deprecator emphasises their lack of poetic skills, which makes literary difficulty hard to overcome. The Re-Reader foregrounds their need to engage with Ariel further to increase their appreciation of it. The Senser focuses on the feelings and sensations experienced, which means that difficulty is not construed as a barrier to meaningful receptive experiences. We argue the above-mentioned categories enhance our comprehension of the wide array of readers discussing poetry online.
Hearing Benefits of Clinical Management for Meniere’s Disease

Meniere’s disease is a progressive hearing–disabling condition. Patients can benefit from strict clinical management, including lifestyle and dietary counseling, and medical treatment. A prospective cohort study was carried out with 154 patients with definite Meniere’s disease, with an average age of 43.53 ± 11.40, and a male to female ratio of 0.97:1. The pure-tone thresholds of all 165 affected ears, over a one-year clinical management period, were analyzed. After one year, 87.27% of patients had improved or preserved their hearing at a low frequency, and 71.51% at a high frequency. The hearing threshold at frequencies from 250 Hz to 2000 Hz had improved significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.01), and deteriorated slightly at 8000 Hz (p < 0.05). Of all the patients, 40.00% had a hearing average threshold that reached ≤25 dB HL after the clinical management period, among whom 27.27% were patients in stage 3. The restoration time was 2.5 (1.0, 4.125) months, with a range of 0.5–11.0 months, and the restoration time was longer for stage 3 than for stages 1 and 2 (u = −2.542, p < 0.05). The rising curves improved the most (p < 0.05), with most becoming peaks, whereas most peaks and flats remained the same. Patients who were initially in the earlier stages (95% CI 1.710~4.717, OR 2.840, p < 0.001), have an increased odds ratio of hearing by an average of ≤25 dB HL. Age (95% CI 1.003~1.074, OR 1.038, p = 0.031), peak curve (95% CI 1.038~5.945, OR = 2.484, p = 0.041), and flat curve (95% CI 1.056~19.590, OR = 4.549, p = 0.042), compared with the rising curve, increase the odds ratio of hearing on average by >25 dB HL. Most patients can have their hearing preserved or improved through strict clinical management, and sufficient follow-up is also essential. Stage 3 patients also have the potential for hearing improvement, although the restoration time is longer than in the early stages. The initial hearing stage, age, and audiogram pattern are related to the hearing benefits.
Influence of Climate and Coastal Flooding on Eastern Red Cedar Growth along a Marsh-Forest Ecotone

Coastal forests in the Mid-Atlantic region are threatened by sea level rise through chronic and episodic salinization and hydrologic alterations, leading to inland marsh migration and the occurrence of ghost forests. This study uses dendrochronology to explore the impact of rising sea level on the annual growth of Juniperus virginiana (the Eastern red cedar) at the St. Jones component of the Delaware National Estuarine Research Reserve in Dover, DE. Chronologies from low and high elevations were developed, and a difference chronology (high–low) was generated. A rapid field assessment of tree stress indicated greater stress in low elevation trees, and low elevation soil tests showed higher soil moisture and salt content compared to samples from high elevation. Ring width indices were analyzed in relation to water level, precipitation, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, and temperature, with Pearson’s correlation analysis. Trees growing at low elevation showed greater climate sensitivity and responded favorably to cool, wet summers. Over time, correlations between growth and climate variables decreased, while negative correlations with tidal water level increased—a pattern that presented nearly a decade earlier in the low elevation system. Given the widespread distribution of the Eastern red cedar and its sensitivity to changes in sea level, this species may be particularly useful as a sentinel of change in coastal landscapes as sea levels rise.
Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Products Obtained from Technical Cashew Nutshell Liquid (tCNSL) Proposed as Larvicide to Control Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

The development of new insecticides for vector control that are toxicologically safe and eco-friendly (such as those obtained from industrial by-products) is an important public health concern. Previous research has shown that the obtained tCNSL (technical cashew nutshell liquid) + NatCNSLS (sodium tCNSL sulfonate mixture) emulsion displayed both surfactant properties and larvicidal activity (LC50-24 h 110.6 mg/L). Thus, the emulsion is considered a promising alternative product for the control of Aedes aegypti. The goal of this study was an ecotoxicological evaluation of the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion and its components. In addition, we compared the toxicity of the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion with toxicity data from larvicide currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Ecotoxicological tests were performed to assess acute toxicity, phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity using Daphnia similis, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Oreochromis niloticus, Allium cepa, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Regarding acute toxicity, D. similis was the most sensitive test organism for the three evaluated products, followed by P. subcapitata and O. niloticus. The highest acute toxicity product was tCNSL. The tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion did not show cytotoxic, genotoxic, or mutagenic effects, and showed low acute toxicity to D. similis. In addition, the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion presented a lower or similar toxicological classification to the larvicides recommended by the WHO. Therefore, ecotoxicological tests suggest that the tCNSL + NatCNSLS mixture emulsion can be considered a larvicide environmentally safe way to control Ae. aegypti.
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE INCIDENCE OF STUNTING IN TOODDLERS AGED 6-59 MONTHS

Based on WHO data (2018), the average prevalence of stunting under five in Indonesia in the 2005-2017 range is 36.4%. Indonesian Toddler Nutritional Status Survey (SSGBI) in 2019 shows the prevalence of stunting under five in Aceh province is 33.6%. Meanwhile, for West Aceh district, the prevalence of stunting under five is quite high, at 40.4%. The high prevalence of stunting in West Aceh is still an important health problem to overcome because children are the nation's assets in the future. Objective: to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in Kaway XVI sub-district. Methods: Quantitative research with Cross Sectional Study approach. The population in this study were all toddlers aged 0-59 months totaling 126 toddlers and the research sample was toddlers aged 6-59 months, with the sampling method using purposive sampling technique with a total of 117 samples. Results: The results showed that there was no significant effect between exclusive breastfeeding (p: 0.683), feeding patterns (p: 0.376), and mother's knowledge (p: 0.483) on the incidence of stunting, and there was a significant effect between maternal education (p: 0.018) on the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 6-59 months in Kaway XVI sub-district.