Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statical and dynamical study on faulting mechanism of the 1923 Kanto earthquake.

An inverse method to find optimum fault parameters from geodetic data with random errors is extended so as to be applicable to a case of the data including a systematic error caused by movements of reference points in triangulation. Application of the new inverse method to static displacement data associated with the Kanto earthquake of 1923 yields a dislocation source model which adequately explains both the seismological and the geodetic data.From the geodetic data, it is found that the fault motion of the Kanto earthquake is a reverse, right-lateral slip of 4.8m with a slip-angle of 140° on a plane which dips 25° towards N24°E, where the slip-angle is measured counterclockwise from a strike on the fault plane. The fault length, width, and the depth to the upper fault margin are determined as 95km, 54km, and 1.5km respectively. The seismic moment and stress drop of this earthquake are estimated to be 8.4×1027 dyne·cm and 45 bars, respectively.Taking the static fault solution as the basic model, the dynamic process of the fracture is investigated on the basis of the long-period seismograms recorded at Hongo, Tokyo. The result shows that the rupture starts from a relocated hypocenter, 35.41°N, 139.22°E and 13.5km (depth), and extends outwards on the fault plane with a propagating velocity of the rupture front of 2.0km/sec. The rise time of the source time function is assumed to be 5.0sec. The maximum amplitude of acceleration for a frequency range of 0.0-3.3Hz at Tokyo is estimated to be about 280gal for the horizontal component and to be 60gal for the vertical component, by applying an empirical formula to the calculated ground displacements.
Seasonal and Spatial Distribution Patterns of Ichthyoplankton Along the West Coast of Sri Lanka

Fundamental understanding of fish resources has become a crucial need in Sri Lanka for the sustainable management of fish stocks. Knowledge of ichthyoplankton essential in identifying the spawning dynamics of fish is scarce in this region of the Indian Ocean. A survey was conducted in 2018 covering different monsoon seasons to monitor the abundance, distribution, and diversity of ichthyoplankton along the west coast of Sri Lanka. Samples collected using vertical and horizontal WP2 hauls showed a total of 4095 fish eggs, with identification possible only to 3 families: Clupeidae, Engraulidae, and Cynoglossidae and 465 larval fish belonging to 23 families. The most dominant families recorded were the Siganidae, Blenniidae, Clupeidae, Gobiidae, and Engraulidae, which highlight the importance of pelagic and demersal fish along the west coast. A significant temporal pattern in egg abundance was observed with the highest abundance in March (535 10 m-3) in vertical WP2 net hauls. Furthermore, significant differences in spatial patterns of larval abundance were seen in vertical and horizontal samples. High larval fish abundances were recorded in March and during September - November, with northern regions generally having the highest abundances (~36 larvae 10 m-3). The spawning coincides with the productive southwest monsoon period (May to September). The high diversity and abundance of eggs and larvae recorded in this study indicate that the west coast is likely an important spawning and nursery ground for demersal and pelagic fish.
Polarization properties of laser solitons

The objective of this paper is to summarize the results obtained for the state of polarization in the emission of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with frequency-selective feedback added. We start our research with the single soliton; this situation presents two perpendicular main orientations, connected by a hysteresis loop. In addition, we also find the formation of a ring-shaped intensity distribution, the vortex state, that shows two homogeneous states of polarization with very close values to those found in the soliton. For both cases above, the study shows the spatially resolved value of the orientation angle. It is important to also remark the appearance of a non-negligible amount of circular light that gives vectorial character to all the different emissions investigated.
Impact of the model life cycle on the residual car value in the leasing industry

Setting the residual value is a difficult task, as it involves making estimates about the future. In line with literature and company experts it is hypothesized in this thesis that the model life cycle of cars has a negative effect on the residual value. In order to test this hypothesis a multivariate analysis is applied to test whether cars whose model design becomes older have a more negative effect on the residual value than cars whose model design is still new. The regression results show in a few cases a negative effect on residual car value by the model life cycle. However, those results often lack significance, which does not allow to draw conclusions for each and every car model. Possible explanations for the results are consumer perceptions, market conditions, and seasonal fluctuations which cannot be captured in the analysis. Overall, the findings for age and kilometers are consistent with previous findings, however, the findings show different effects (negative) for diesel which is a determinant with a positive effect in previous studies. Engine power (kW) shows a positive effect on residual car value, but results are not consistent for all models.
A Framework for Debt-Maturity Management

We characterize the optimal debt-maturity management problem of a government in a small open economy. The government issues a continuum of finite-maturity bonds in the presence of liquidity frictions. We find that the solution can be decentralized: the optimal issuance of a bond of a given maturity is proportional to the difference between its market price and its domestic valuation, the latter defined as the price computed using the government’s discount factor. We show how the steady-state debt distribution decreases with maturity. These results hold when extending the model to incorporate aggregate risk or strategic default.
Effect of Chlorpyrifos and Neem seed extract ( Azadirechtein ) on hepatopancreatic cellular structures of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii

Histological and ultrastructural studies on the normal structures of hepatopancreas of P. clarkii showed three main cell types, secretory, absorptive and fibrillar cells. The ultrastructural alterations in the hepatopancreas of the red swamp crayfish P. clarkii exposed to sublethal concentrations of Chlorprifos and neem seed extract (Azadirechtein) pesticides were studied. LC 25 of Chlorpyrifos (0.0075 ppm) produced deformation of the apical surface of absorptive cell, dispersedmicrovilli, mitochondrial swelling with ballooned cristae, deformed cisternae of RER, lytic and vacuolated cytoplasm and pyknosis of nuclei. On the other hand, LC 25 of Azadirechtein (4.99 ppm) caused deformation of mitochondria with the sparce of their cisternae, fragmentation of microvilli, ruptured RER beside the presence of autophagic vacuole containing dark granules and finally bizzar nuclei having segregated nucleoli and irregular clumps of their chromatin. Chlorpyrifos was found to be more toxic than Azadirechtein on P. clarkii.
Yang-Baxter algebras as convolution algebras: The Grassmannian case

We present a simple but explicit example of a recent development which connects quantum integrable models with Schubert calculus: there is a purely geometric construction of solutions to the Yang-Baxter equation and their associated Yang-Baxter algebras which play a central role in quantum integrable systems and exactly solvable lattice models in statistical physics. We consider the degenerate five-vertex limit of the asymmetric six-vertex model and identify its associated Yang-Baxter algebra as convolution algebra arising from the equivariant Schubert calculus of Grassmannians. We show how our method can be used to construct (Schur algebra type) quotients of the current algebra $\mathfrak{gl}_2[t]$ acting on the tensor product of copies of its evaluation representation $\mathbb{C}^2[t]$. Finally we connect it with the COHA for the $A_1$-quiver.
Mentat in Hyperactivity and Attention Deficiency Disorders - A double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Behaviour disorders present a very important problem in paediatric practice. They may be associated with normal physical development and intelligence or may be associated with some degree of disturbance of cerebral functions. Various therapies have been tried with varying results. In ancient Indian medical literature, many drugs have been advocated for mental disorders. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out to confirm the efficacy of Mentat in 60 children with behavioural problems. Thirty patients in each group received either placebo or Mentat syrup in a random manner at a dose of 1-2 tsp. for 12 weeks. Evaluation was carried out by using Yale’s Behaviour Inventory Scale at week 0, 6 and 12. Significant improvement was noted in the parameters following Mentat treatment as compared to placebo and the pre-treatment period. Improvement was evident in hyperactivity, social behaviour and attention.
Dietary Patterns Associated with Metabolic Syndrome : A Study Conducted in Khorramabad

1 Nutrition Health Research Center, School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. 2 Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. 3 Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. 4 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. 5 School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Acceptability of the COVID-19 Vaccine among Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study of the General Population in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia

Vaccines afford protection against infectious diseases. However, a sizeable part of the population refuse vaccinations and continue to dispute the evidence supporting vaccinations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and its determinants among the Saudi population in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey studied COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in adults in Saudi Arabia, targeting the general population in the southwestern region. Data were collected through an online survey questionnaire tool. All data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0. The majority (57.29%) of the participants were willing to receive the new COVID-19 vaccine, whereas almost 64% believed it is necessary to take the COVID-19 vaccine to protect oneself and that the vaccine is safe, efficient and effective. The data showed that perceived risk of COVID-19 (p = 0.015), history of previous vaccination against seasonal influenza (p = 0.000), and trust in the healthcare system (p = 0.025) were significant predictors for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. We conclude that participants’ trust in the healthcare system, perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, and history of previous vaccination against seasonal influenza were significant predictors for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Knowing the acceptance rates for the COVID-19 vaccination can aid state agencies, medical practitioners, and other entities in reducing the impact of vaccine avoidance.
Prograde rotation of protoplanets by accretion of pebbles in a gaseous environment

We perform hydrodynamical simulations of the accretion of pebbles and rocks on to protoplanets of a few hundred kilometres in radius, including two-way drag force coupling between particles and the protoplanetary disc gas. Particle streams interacting with the gas within the Hill sphere of the protoplanet spiral into a prograde circumplanetary disc. Material is accreted on to the protoplanet due to stirring by the turbulent surroundings. We speculate that the trend for prograde rotation among the largest asteroids is primordial and that protoplanets accreted 10-50 per cent of their mass from pebbles and rocks during the gaseous solar nebula phase. Our model also offers a possible explanation for the narrow range of spin periods observed among the largest bodies in the asteroid and trans-Neptunian belts, and predicts that 1000-km-scale Kuiper Belt objects that have not experienced giant impacts should preferentially spin in the prograde direction.
Fornax A, Centaurus A, and other radio galaxies as sources of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays

The origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is still unknown. It has recently been proposed that UHECR anisotropies can be attributed to starbust galaxies or active galactic nuclei. We suggest that the latter is more likely and that giant-lobed radio galaxies such as Centaurus A and Fornax A can explain the data.
A retrospective case series analysis on a novel acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnostic and treatment approach , and its efficacy results in treating Allergic Rhinitis

This retrospective case series analysis investigated a novel acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnostic and treatment approach, and its efficacy results in treating Allergic Rhinitis. The primary question associated with this research capstone was: “Does the novel integrative Blood plus Balance Method approach of Tan’s Strong Blood Strong Immunity, provide better efficacy and long term outcomes? ” The historical cases were reviewed in a quantitative manner using weeks to symptom abatement, and weeks to (any) new onset in comparison to current studies as outcome measures. After a thorough review and analysis of the studies, the hypothesis was confirmed—not only does the Tan Strong Blood Strong Immunity produce quicker efficacy, it also provides longevity with no recurrence at a faster rate than the current studies. The results were discussed with implications for practice and recommendations for future research.
Benzoyl-xanthone derivative induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by binding TRAF6

TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) has been reported to be associated with the development of cancer. Nevertheless, the exact role of TRAF6 in cancer remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to explore the mechanism of 2-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one leading to the inhibition of the activation of AKT and TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), and to the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Using a computational docking program and examination of AKT and TAK1 level changes, a new small molecule was identified, 2-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one, which competitively bound to TRAF6. Next, the effect of this new compound on MCF-7 cells' biological behavior was studied in vitro. MTT assays were used to investigate cell viability; flow cytometry and invasion assays were performed to detect early apoptosis and invasion in MCF-7 cells, respectively. Immunoprecipitation, western blotting and caspase-3/9 activity assays were carried out to explore changes in protein expression. Briefly, the present data indicated that 2-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one could suppress proliferation, induce early apoptosis and inhibit invasion in MCF-7 cells by suppressing the expression of Bcl-2 and promoting the expression of Bax, caspase-9, and caspase-3. These findings indicated that 2-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one could induce apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of AKT and TAK1, and affecting the Bcl-2/Bax-caspase-9-caspase-3 pathway by competitively binding with TRAF6.
Strain partitioning in front of an obliquely convergent indenter

A model is presented that combines the traditional approach to transpression with the thin viscous sheet approx- imation of the lithosphere, to study deformation in front of an obliquely colliding indenter. The model produces a zone dominated by lateral simple shear (orogen parallel transcur- rent movements) close to the indenter and a zone of dom- inant pure shear (orogen perpendicular pure shear/thrusting regions) further away from the indenting boundary. The rel- ative width of simple shear dominated zone with respect to the more distant pure shear domain in terms of the angle of convergence is discussed. The possibility of development of transcurrent faults in front of an indenting plate is enhanced by the reactivation of fabric anisotropy created progressively during indentation.
Crack identification in composite beam using causal B-spline wavelets of fractional order

An application of composite elements in machinery design became very popular due to the unique properties of these materials. Therefore, it is obvious to develop appropriate methods for their diagnostics and monitoring. One the group of methods, intensively developed in the last decades, is the analysis of vibration data of the structures using wavelet transform. The method proposed in this paper is based on the analysis of normal modes of vibration of damaged elements in order to detect and identify singularities in the signal, based on which the conclusion about damage presence and location could be made. The application of fractional B-spline wavelets during wavelet transform of the signal improves the sensitivity of the method and allows for tuning-up the order of an applied wavelet for achieving the most adequate result for the investigated problem.
Mindfulness-based psychological intervention for coping with pain in endometriosis

Endometriosis is an important cause of pain and fatigue in fertile women. The disease is often overlooked in general medical practice, and significant delay from onset of symptoms to diagnosis and treatment is common. Severe cases cause chronic pain and reduce work ability and quality of life even after optimal medical treatment. We suggest a psychological intervention based on mindfulness techniques for dealing with pain, and report results from a pilot study with 10 endometriosis patients with chronic pain problems. Participants’ level of distress was measured with self-report questionnaires of general health status (SF-36) and endometriosis health profile (EHP-30) pre- and post-intervention and at six- and 12-month follow-ups. Results indicate significant and lasting effects on participants’ pain level, well-being, and ability to function in daily life. Although conclusions remain preliminary until tested in a randomized controlled trial, it should be noted that our findings are in line with qualitative studies in women with endometriosis, and with data on the effects of mindfulness in other chronic pain domains. We encourage further studies on this kind of intervention for women with endometriosis.
Corporate Social Responsibility Concepts by a Brazilian Manufacturer of Airplanes : a case study

There are many definitions for the term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), but it can broadly be understood as a commitment that an organization must have towards society, expressed through actions and attitudes that affect it positively. In Latin America, in particular, this topic is still in maturing phase and few companies can actually develop CSR practices integrated into their management system. This paper aims to present CSR projects developed by a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer, Embraer, considered a reference in sustainable management practices and also verify if these activities are integrated into the company’s management model in a mature way, as proposed by the literature. The research method was a
On Existence and Uniqueness of Equilibrium in a Class of Noisy Rational Expectations Models

I study a general class of noisy rational expectations models that nests the standard Grossman and Stiglitz (1980) and Hellwig (1980) models, but relaxes the usual assumption of joint normality of asset pay-offs and supply, and allows for more general signal structures. I provide a constructive proof of existence of equilibrium, characterize the price function, and provide sufficient conditions for uniqueness within the class of equilibria with continuous price functions, which are met by both the Grossman and Stiglitz (1980) models and the Hellwig (1980) models with a continuum of investors. My solution approach does not rely on the typical "conjecture and verify" method, and I exhibit a number of non-normal examples in which asset prices can be characterized explicitly and in a closed form. The results presented here open up a broad class of models for applied work. To illustrate the usefulness of generalizing the standard model, I show that in settings with non-normally distributed pay-offs, shocks to fundamentals may be amplified purely due to learning effects, price drifts can arise naturally, and the disagreement–return relation depends in a novel way on return skewness.
Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability in Kaduna Metropolis, Northwest Nigeria

DRASTIC index model was employed in the assessment of the intrinsic groundwater vulnerability to contamination in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria. The model evaluates the contribution of seven environmental parameters (Depth to water level, Net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone, and Hydraulic Conductivity) in the protection of groundwater against contamination. The mapping was conducted within the framework of Geographical Information System. The study area has very low, low to slightly moderate vulnerability with highest and lowest DRASTIC values of 131 and 77 respectively. To have better understanding of the spatial vulnerability of groundwater in the area, the DRASTIC map was reclassified into five (very high, high, moderate, low and very low) vulnerability zones. Generally, the distribution of the vulnerability classes indicated the low to moderate vulnerability status of the majority parts of the study area, with high vulnerability at the center. Strict control measures should be put in place when locating land uses with high potential hazards in the high and very high vulnerability areas.
Observation and modelling of main-sequence stellar chromospheres - VII. Rotation and metallicity of dM1 stars

We have measured v sini and metallicity from high-resolution spectroscopic observations of a selected sample of dM1-type stars. To measure v sini, we first selected three template stars known for their slow rotation or their very low activity levels and then cross-correlated their spectra with those of our target stars. The excess broadening of the cross-correlation peaks gives v sini. For metallicity, we compiled all available measurements from the literature and correlated them with the stellar radius. Provided the parallax is known, this new method allows us to derive metallicities for all our target stars. We measured v sini to an accuracy of 2 km s −1 . These values were combined with other measurements taken from the literature. We have detected rotation in seven dM1e stars and 11 dM1 stars and upper limits for 20 other dM1 stars. Our results show that the distribution of the rotation period may be bimodal for dM1 stars, i.e. there are two groups of stars: the fast rotators with Prot ∼ 6 d and the slow rotators with Prot ∼ 24 d. There is a gap between these two groups. We obtained a correlation between metallicity and stellar radius which allows us to derive metallicities for all stars in our sample and more generally for all dM1 stars with [M/H] in the range −1.5 to 0.5 dex, with a reasonable accuracy. We compare this correlation to models and find a significant disagreement in radii. However, the observed shape of the correlation is globally reproduced by the models. We derive the metallicity for 87 M1 dwarfs and subdwarfs.