Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunopeptidome Diversity in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Identifies Patients with Favorable Disease Outcome

Simple Summary Immunosurveillance of cancer is mediated by T cell-based recognition of tumor-associated antigens, i.e., short peptides that are presented on the surface of cells on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. This encourages the analysis of the entirety of HLA-presented peptides, the so-called immunopeptidome, of malignant and benign cells, in order to identify novel therapeutic targets presented exclusively on malignant cells. In the present study, we aim to investigate the role of previously described immunopeptidome-defined antigen presentation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients for clinical characteristics and disease outcome. We observed that higher yields of presented total and CLL-exclusive peptides were associated with a more favorable disease course, suggesting efficient immunosurveillance in a subgroup of patients and the possibility of further investigating T cell-based therapeutic approaches for CLL. Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by recurrent relapses and resistance to treatment, even with novel therapeutic approaches. Despite being considered as a disease with low mutational burden and thus poor immunogenic, CLL seems to retain the ability of eliciting specific T cell activation. Accordingly, we recently found non-mutated tumor-associated antigens to play a central role in CLL immunosurveillance. Here, we investigated the association of total and CLL-exclusive HLA class I and HLA class II peptide presentation in the mass spectrometry-defined immunopeptidome of leukemic cells with clinical features and disease outcome of 57 CLL patients. Patients whose CLL cells present a more diverse immunopeptidome experienced fewer relapses. During the follow-up phase of up to 10 years, patients with an HLA class I-restricted presentation of high numbers of total and CLL-exclusive peptides on their malignant cells showed a more favorable disease course with a prolonged progression-free survival (PFS). Overall, our results suggest the existence of an efficient T cell-based immunosurveillance mediated by CLL-associated tumor antigens, supporting ongoing efforts in developing T cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies for CLL.
Efficient polarization-entanglement purification based on parametric down-conversion sources with cross-Kerr nonlinearity

We present a way for entanglement purification based on two parametric down-conversion (PDC) sources with cross-Kerr nonlinearities. It is comprised of two processes. The first one is a primary entanglement purification protocol for PDC sources with nondestructive quantum nondemolition (QND) detectors by transferring the spatial entanglement of photon pairs to their polarization. In this time, the QND detectors act as the role of controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates. Also they can distinguish the photon number of the spatial modes, which provides a good way for the next process to purify the entanglement of the photon pairs kept more. In the second process for entanglement purification, new QND detectors are designed to act as the role of CNOT gates. This protocol has the advantage of high yield and it requires neither CNOT gates based on linear optical elements nor sophisticated single-photon detectors, which makes it more convenient in practical applications.
BSM MODELS FACING THE RECENT LHCb DATA: A FIRST LOOK

During last decade a number of detailed analyses of flavour observables and of their correlations within more than a dozen specific BSM models have been performed at the TUM. One of the goals of these analyses was to investigate which model is capable of obtaining large mixing induced CP asymmetry in the Bs system, S �, and to find out what this would imply for other flavour observables. In this context also the rare decays Bs,d → � + � − have been considered. In some models their branching ratios can be enhanced by orders of magnitude above the SM expectations. The recent data on Sand Bs,d → � + � − from the LHCb put an end to these very optimistic hopes modifying significantly the allowed patterns of devia- tions from SM predictions for flavour observables in concrete BSM models. We make a first semi-quantitative assessment of the most important mod- ifications in the predictions of the BSM models in question including also recently analyzed models and taking into account the most recent lattice input. Our presentation is dominated by quark flavour observables in Bs,d and K + (K 0 ) meson systems. For some BSM models the LHCb data turned out to be a relief. On the other hand the SM, models with CMFV and MFV models without flavour blind phases appear to have significant difficulties in describing allF = 2 observables in Bs,d and K 0 meson systems simul- taneously. However, definite conclusions will only be possible when |Vub| and γ will be known from tree level decays with a much better precision and the lattice input will further improve. Finally, we propose to regard the stringent CMFV relations between various observables as standard candels of flavour physics. The pattern of deviations from these relations may help in identifying the correct NP scenario.
Evaluating the Effects of Social Capital, Self-Stigma, and Social Identity in Predicting Behavioral Intentions of Agricultural Producers to Seek Mental Health Assistance

Mental illness significantly impacts agricultural producers, whose occupation puts them at increased risk for compromised mental health and related disorders. Help-seeking intention, which can be mediated by variables such as social identity, social capital, and self-stigma, can lead to improved mental health outcomes. This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the intention of agricultural producers to seek mental health assistance and determine whether these three variables are associated with help-seeking intention. Researchers administered a cross-sectional survey of agricultural producers from two regions in 32 Texas counties. Researchers surveyed a sample of Texas agricultural producers (n = 429) to understand their social identity, social capital, and degree of self-stigma, and their intent to seek help for personal or emotional problems and for suicide ideation. Researchers identified a relationship between social identity and social capital, which indicated that social identity is moderately associated with greater levels of social capital. The multiple linear regression analyses confirmed that social capital and self-stigma are significant predictors of producers’ help-seeking intention for both help-seeking types. These results signify the importance of efforts to increase social capital, increase mental health literacy and tailor training to address self-stigma and enhance positive help-seeking behavior among agricultural producers.
Henky's elasticity model with the logarithmic strain measure: a study on Poynting effect and stress response in torsion of tubes and rods

Hencky's elasticity model is a finite strain elastic constitutive equation derived by replacing the infinitesimal strain measure in the classical strain-energy function of infinitesimal isotropic elasticity with Hencky's logarithmic strain measure. Anand [1,2] has demonstrated that, with only the two classical Lame elastic constants measurable at infinitesimal strains, predictions of the just-mentioned simple model for a wide class of materials for moderately large deformations may be in better agreement with experimental data than other known finite elasticity models. The deformation modes considered in Anand's work are simple tension and compression, simple shear, and simple torsion and combined extension-torsion of solid cylinders, etc. Here, we indicate some remarkable properties of this Hencky model and, mainly, we investigate the large deformation responses of this model in torsion of cylindrical tubes and rods with free ends. It is pointed out that if in inelastic modeling, especially in modeling of metal plasticity, the widely-used hypoelastic formulation for the elastic rate of deformation is required to be exactly integrable to an elastic relation, as it should be, then the resulting elastic relation is just the Hencky model, and, further, this model is hyperelastic and the only possible one. In the main aspect, i.e. for the torsion of cylindrical tubes and rods with free ends, we derive explicit analytical solutions for the case of compressible small deformations and for the case of incompressible large deformations. The results derived show, in a clear and direct manner, second order effects, including the well-known Poynting effect regarding the length change in the axial direction. It is noticeable that, with only the material properties measurable at infinitesimal strains, the Hencky model can predict the just-mentioned second order effects, in particular the Poynting effect, and its predictions are in good accord with experiments reported in the literature.
SRDD: a lightweight end-to-end object detection with transformer

Computer vision is now playing a vital role in modern UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) systems. However, the on-board real-time small object detection for UAVs remains challenging. This paper presents an end-to-end ViT (Vision Transformer) detector, named Sparse ROI-based Deformable DETR (SRDD), to make ViT model available to UAV on-board systems. We embed a scoring network in the transformer T-encoder to selectively prune the redundant tokens, at the same time, introduce ROI-based detection refinement module in the decoder to optimise detection performance while maintaining end-to-end detection pipeline. By using scoring networks, we compress the Transformer encoder/decoder to 1/3-layer structure, which is far slim compared with DETR. With the help of lightweight backbone ResT and dynamic anchor box, we relieve the memory insufficient of on-board SoC. Experiment on UAVDT dataset shows the proposed SRDD method achieved 50.2% mAP (outperforms Deformable DETR at least 7%). In addition, the lightweight version of SRDD achieved 51.08% mAP with 44% Params reduction.
Zinc–Acetate–Amine Complexes as Precursors to ZnO and the Effect of the Amine on Nanoparticle Morphology, Size, and Photocatalytic Activity

Zinc oxide is an environmentally friendly and readily synthesized semiconductor with many industrial applications. ZnO powders were prepared by alkali precipitation using different [Zn(acetate)2(amine)x] compounds to alter the particle size and aspect ratio. Slow precipitations from 95 °C solutions produced micron-scale particles with morphologies of hexagonal plates, rods, and needles, depending on the precursor used. Powders prepared at 65 °C with rapid precipitation yielded particles with minimal morphology differences, but particle size was dependent on the precursor used. The smallest particles were produced using precursors that yielded crystals with low aspect ratios during high-temperature synthesis. Particles produced during rapid synthesis had sizes ranging from 21–45 nm. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, BET, and diffuse reflectance. The materials prepared using precursors with less-volatile amines were found to retain more organic material than ZnO produced using precursors with more volatile amines. The amount of organic material associated with the nanoparticles influenced the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO, with powders containing less organic material producing faster rate constants for the decolorizing of malachite green solutions under ultraviolet illumination, independent of particle size. [Zn(acetate)2(hydrazine)2] produced ZnO with the fastest rate constant and was recycled five times for dye degradation studies that revealed minimal to no reduction in catalytic efficiency.
A crash course on data analysis in asteroseismology

In this course, I try to provide a few basics required for performing data analysis in asteroseismology. First, I address how one can properly treat times series: the sampling, the filtering effect, the use of Fourier transform, the associated statistics. Second, I address how one can apply statistics for decision making and for parameter estimation either in a frequentist of a Bayesian framework. Last, I review how these basic principle have been applied (or not) in asteroseismology.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Party Preferences in Multiparty Contexts: Examining Parental Socialization Processes in the Netherlands

Research shows that parents have a strong influence on the party preferences of their children. Yet little is known about how such preferences are transmitted in multiparty systems with weak party identification and high electoral volatility. We propose a model of intergenerational transmission that includes both direct effects of parents’ party preferences on those of their children, as well as indirect effects through left– right and issue positions. We test this model with original survey data of Dutch adolescents (14– 20 years old) and their parents (N = 751 adolescent-parent pairs). We find two paths through which parents exert influence on the party preferences of their adolescent children. On the first path, parental party preferences function as a direct predictor of adolescent party preferences. On the second path, adolescent left– right and issue positions function as a mediator between parental left– right and issue positions and adolescent party preferences, with the effect of left– right positions being stronger than that of issue positions. The frequency with which adolescents discuss political topics with their parents moderates these effects.
Distributive politics as behavioral localism: Evidence from a vignette experiment in Hungary

Recent literature on friends-and-neighbors voting focused on explaining citizens’ motives behind supporting local candidates; the cue-based account suggests that local ties signal accountability, constituency service orientation, and policy representation. Localism was also posited to serve as a cue for distributive politics, but assumptions of voters making inferences about receiving tangible benefits once a politician from their own stock is elected were not corroborated empirically. Drawing on a survey experiment (N = 2000) fielded in Hungary, the paper provides a test of pork barrel politics and clientelism serving as manifestations of behavioral localism; that is, if voters formulate expectations of politicians engaging in aforementioned practices based on their local roots. Respondents in treatment and control group were shown the same candidate profile, fictive politicians differing only in their local roots. Results demonstrate that respondents who were told that the candidate was born and living in their hometown were more likely to believe that the politician will “bring home the bacon” as opposed to those confronted with a randomly selected Hungarian settlement as the candidate’s birthplace and residence. Findings refine our understanding of friends-and-neighbors voting, as well as voters’ expectations about likely non-programmatic behavior of elected candidates.
CFBDSIR J1458+1013B: A VERY COLD (>T10) BROWN DWARF IN A BINARY SYSTEM,,

We have identified CFBDSIR J1458+1013 as a 0. ″11 (2.6 AU) physical binary using Keck laser guide star adaptive optics imaging and have measured a distance of 23.1 ± 2.4 pc to the system based on near-IR parallax data from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope. The integrated-light near-IR spectrum indicates a spectral type of T9.5, and model atmospheres suggest a slightly higher temperature and surface gravity than the T10 dwarf UGPS J0722−05. Thus, CFBDSIR J1458+1013AB is the coolest brown dwarf binary found to date. Its secondary component has an absolute H-band magnitude that is 1.9 ± 0.3 mag fainter than UGPS J0722−05, giving an inferred spectral type of >T10. The secondary's bolometric luminosity of ∼2 × 10−7 L☉ makes it the least luminous known brown dwarf by a factor of 4–5. By comparing to evolutionary models and T9–T10 objects, we estimate a temperature of 370 ± 40 K and a mass of 6–15 MJup for CFBDSIR J1458+1013B. At such extremes, atmospheric models predict the onset of novel photospheric processes, namely, the appearance of water clouds and the removal of strong alkali lines, but their impact on the emergent spectrum is highly uncertain. Our photometry shows that strong CH4 absorption persists in the H band, the J − K color is bluer than the latest known T dwarfs but not as blue as predicted by current models, and the J − H color delineates a possible inflection in the blueward trend for the latest T dwarfs. Given its low luminosity, atypical colors, and cold temperature, CFBDSIR J1458+1013B is a promising candidate for the hypothesized Y spectral class. However, regardless of its ultimate classification, CFBDSIR J1458+1013AB provides a new benchmark for measuring the properties of brown dwarfs and gas-giant planets, testing substellar models, and constraining the low-mass limit for star formation.
Pharmaceutical care and telemedicine during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study based on pharmacy students, pharmacists, and physicians in Jordan

Lack of access to the patient medical record (90.6%) was the major barrier for the integration of pharmaceutical care into practice. The majority of participants (93.0%) encouraged creating a website that provides pharmaceutical care. Furthermore, 45.1% would pay for such a service if present. Moreover, the majority (89.8%) agreed that creating a comprehensive database for patients’ data will help in decreasing medical errors. Among the four aspects of pharmaceutical care (technical, psychosocial, communication and administrative) that were assessed for students and pharmacist’s, general weakness in all aspects was noticed. This study highlights that absence of proper documentation of patient medical information raises the risk of medical problems and is considered the most documented barrier for the integration of pharmaceutical care. This emphasizes the future role of telemedicine and the availability of a specialized website and database repository that stores patient’s information to ensure the continuity of care even during pandemics.
Racial Diversity in Private Capital Fundraising

Blackand Hispanic-owned funds control a very modest share of assets in the private capital industry and encounter difficulties in raising first-time funds, despite the fact that their performance is indistinguishable from other funds’ returns. We explore this seeming paradox. We find that the size of the follow-on funds raised by minority managers is less sensitive to the performance of the previous fund than that of other private capital groups. The sensitivity of inflows to performance increases sharply during periods of high racial awareness. We also document minority-owned groups’ difficulty in raising first-time funds. Together, the results support the hypothesis that the limited representation of Blackand Hispanic-owned firms in private capital stems at least partially from the nature of investor demand, rather than the supply of available fund managers. JEL: G32, G34
The formation of CDM haloes – I. Collapse thresholds and the ellipsoidal collapse model

In the excursion set approach to structure formation initially spherical regions of the linear density field collapse to form haloes of mass $M$ at redshift $z_{\rm id}$ if their linearly extrapolated density contrast, averaged on that scale, exceeds some critical threshold, $\delta_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$. The value of $\delta_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$ is often calculated from the spherical or ellipsoidal collapse model, which provide well-defined predictions given auxiliary properties of the tidal field at a given location. We use two cosmological simulations of structure growth in a $\Lambda$ cold dark matter scenario to quantify $\delta_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$, its dependence on the surrounding tidal field, as well as on the shapes of the Lagrangian regions that collapse to form haloes at $z_{\rm id}$. Our results indicate that the ellipsoidal collapse model provides an accurate description of the mean dependence of $\delta_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$ on both the strength of the tidal field and on halo mass. However, for a given $z_{\rm id}$, $\delta_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$ depends strongly on the halo's characteristic formation redshift: the earlier a halo forms, the higher its initial density contrast. Surprisingly, the majority of haloes forming $today$ fall below the ellipsoidal collapse barrier, contradicting the model predictions. We trace the origin of this effect to the non-spherical shapes of Lagrangian haloes, which arise naturally due to the asymmetry of the linear tidal field. We show that a modified collapse model, that accounts for the triaxial shape of protohaloes, provides a more accurate description of the measured minimum overdensities of recently collapsed objects.
Spin-flip Raman scattering of the neutral and charged excitons confined in a CdTe/(Cd,Mg)Te quantum well

Spin-flip Raman scattering of electrons and heavy-holes is studied for resonant excitation of neutral and charged excitons in a CdTe/Cd$_{0.63}$Mg$_{0.37}$Te quantum well. The spin-flip scattering is characterized by its dependence on the incident and scattered light polarization as well as on the magnetic field strength and orientation. Model schemes of electric-dipole allowed spin-flip Raman processes in the exciton complexes are compared to the experimental observations, from which we find that lowering of the exciton symmetry, time of carrier spin relaxation, and mixing between electron states and, respectively, light- and heavy-hole states play an essential role in the scattering. At the exciton resonance, anisotropic exchange interaction induces heavy-hole spin-flip scattering, while acoustic phonon interaction is mainly responsible for the electron spin-flip. In resonance with the positively and negatively charged excitons, anisotropic electron-hole exchange as well as mixed electron states allow spin-flip scattering. Variations in the resonant excitation energy and lattice temperature demonstrate that localization of resident electrons and holes controls the Raman process probability and is also responsible for symmetry reduction. We show that the intensity of the electron spin-flip scattering is strongly affected by the lifetime of the exciton complex and in tilted magnetic fields by the angular dependence of the anisotropic electron-hole exchange interaction.