Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An improved estimation of iron losses in rotating electrical machines

Core losses in rotating electrical machines have been estimated through direct use of the standard Epstein loss data of the employed magnetic laminations, without introducing empirical correcting factors. The prediction is based on a numerical finite element approach to magnetic flux distribution, coupled to a physical model of losses in ferromagnetic laminations under generic flux waveform, which takes into account the specific role of the hysteresis and classical and excess loss components. An application has been made to the case of a 7.5-kW four-pole induction motor under no-load conditions. The predicted core losses turn out to be about 20% lower than the measured ones, a fact which points to an appreciable contribution of the rotor cage Joule losses and to the detrimental role played in the material properties by the residual and applied stresses introduced by lamination punching and core assemblage. >
On the constants associated with a reversible summability matrix

where Ck (k=O, 1, ) and bkn (k, n=O, 1, ) are constants depending only on A and not on the particular sequence y = {IyYn} chosen. Banach's further statement that { ck } is a bounded sequence was shown to be incorrect by Macphail [3] after Zeller [8] had thrown doubt on the statement. We now discuss some properties of the constants Ck and bkn and among other results obtain an extension of the following theorem due to Wilansky [5]:
Multikeyword-Ranked Search Scheme Supporting Extreme Environments for Internet of Vehicles

In recent years, the cloud infrastructure has been developed as a promising sharing system for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) communication. During the information exchange, search service over ciphertext called searchable encryption (SE) is an extraordinary method to prevent data breaches. However, two open problems still need to be solved for ranked search, which hinders the application practicality in IoV. First, each data owner must store the extra information to distribute weight values dynamically. Second, ranking in the cloud has not been supported by most existing schemes. In this article, to address the above problems and fit the characteristics of real-time data exchange in IoV, we present a multikeyword-ranked search scheme supporting extreme environments for the IoV. Specifically, our system designs a unique encrypted index tree structure to realize the multikeyword-ranked retrieval, the weight value dynamic adaptive calculation, and dynamic updating in IoV. Moreover, we use a primary–secondary dual-server model to cope with extreme environments and propose a “greedy breadth-first search” algorithm to achieve an effective sublinear search. Finally, comprehensive security analysis and experimental simulation for the proposed system prove that our system can guarantee user privacy and acceptable efficiency.
Pancreatitis-Associated Medication Use in Hospitalized Pediatric and Young Adult Patients With Acute Pancreatitis

Objective: The objective of this study is (1) to describe the prevalence of pancreatitis-associated medication (PAM) use at admission and discharge in pediatric and young adult patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis (AP) and (2) to describe the prevalence of PAM use at admission in patients classified as having idiopathic AP. Study Design: A single-center retrospective study of patients <21 years who were hospitalized with AP or acute recurrent pancreatitis from March 2015 to July 2017 was performed. Charts were reviewed for demographic data, etiology of pancreatitis, comorbidities, and use of PAMs at admission and discharge. PAMs were defined and scored based on an evidence-based classification system, with class I PAMs having strongest evidence for causation. Standard descriptive statistics were used to report prevalence data. Results: Our cohort was comprised of 119 patients; 50% of patients were using a PAM at admission and 67% were taking a PAM at discharge, reflecting a significant change (P = 0.0009); 44% of patients classified as having idiopathic pancreatitis were taking a PAM on admission, reflecting a possibly missed role of medication in their presentation. Comorbidities significantly associated with PAM use included seizure disorder (P = 0.005) and oncologic disease (P = 0.005). The most commonly used class I PAMs were omeprazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethazole, valproic acid, and 6-mercaptopurine. The increase in prevalence of PAM use at discharge compared to admission was partially driven by addition of omeprazole to the outpatient medication regimen during the hospital stay (P = 0.07). Conclusion: Medications likely play an under-recognized role in pediatric AP. The practice of using proton pump inhibitors in management of AP warrants further study.
The validity of modulation equations for extended systems with cubic nonlinearities

Synopsis Modulation equations play an essential role in the understanding of complicated systems near the threshold of instability. Here we show that the modulation equation dominates the dynamics of the full problem locally, at least over a long time-scale. For systems with no quadratic interaction term, we develop a method which is much simpler than previous ones. It involves a careful bookkeeping of errors and an estimate of Gronwall type. As an example for the dissipative case, we find that the Ginzburg–Landau equation is the modulation equation for the Swift–Hohenberg problem. Moreover, the method also enables us to handle hyperbolic problems: the nonlinear Schrodinger equation is shown to describe the modulation of wave packets in the Sine–Gordon equation.
The Cubic-Spline Transform Method: Basic Definitions and Tests in a 1D Single Domain

Abstract The purpose of the paper is to describe the technical details of a numerical method that combines the cubic-spline representation of spatial variables in a finite domain with the logistics of the spectral transform method for the time integration of nonlinear meteorological equations. The reason for developing the method lies in its application to two-way interacting nested models of the atmosphere. When compared with the gridpoint representation, the cubic-spline representation allows direct evaluation of derivatives in the model equations, and leads to a substantial reduction of shortwave dispersion of advecting and propagating waves. When compared with the Fourier spectral representation, the cubic B-splines as basis functions provide simple but exact means of implementing a variety of boundary conditions that are needed at the domain interfaces, as well as at natural boundaries. A sharp (sixth order) low-pass filter, which is built into the cubic-spline transform, effectively eliminates adver.
Compressor Stage Broadband Noise Prediction using a Large-Eddy Simulation and Comparisons with a Cascade Response Model

The present work addresses the rotor-stator interaction broadband noise prediction. The objectives are first to develop a numerical acoustic method and second to deepen the understanding of this noise mechanism to improve an existing analytical model. The two steps of the numerical method consist in performing a Large-Eddy Simulation of an actual rotor-stator stage in order to directly extract the broadband pressure fluctuations on the stator vanes. Then the latter are used as equivalent noise sources in Goldstein acoustic analogy in the frequency domain. An axial flow compressor stage is used as a test case. The mean and unsteady components of the flow are analyzed. The turbulent properties of the flow needed in the analytical model are extracted from the LES. The unsteady pressure on the vanes predicted by the LES exhibits very different behaviors depending on the position on the vane that are attributed to several mechanisms such as turbulent wake interaction or boundary layer transition. The spanwise coherence length representing a crucial parameter for the analytical model is also investigated from the numerical vane response, showing a longer value than the one usually considered in the analytical model. The acoustic power spectra predicted by both approaches are compared and the effect of the spanwise coherence length is studied.
Lipid Emulsion Inhibits Amlodipine-Induced Nitric Oxide-Mediated Vasodilation in Isolated Rat Aorta

This study aimed to examine the effect of lipid emulsion on the vasodilation induced by a toxic dose of amlodipine in isolated rat aorta and elucidate its mechanism, with a particular focus on nitric oxide. The effects of endothelial denudation, NW-nitro-L-arginvine methyl ester (L-NAME), methylene blue, lipid emulsion, and linolenic acid on the amlodipine-induced vasodilation and amlodipine-induced cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production were examined. Furthermore, the effects of lipid emulsion, amlodipine, and PP2, either alone or combined, on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), caveolin-1, and Src-kinase phosphorylation were examined. Amlodipine-induced vasodilation was higher in endothelium-intact aorta than in endothelium-denuded aorta. L-NAME, methylene blue, lipid emulsion, and linolenic acid inhibited amlodipine-induced vasodilation and amlodipine-induced cGMP production in the endothelium-intact aorta. Lipid emulsion reversed the increased stimulatory eNOS (Ser1177) phosphorylation and decreased inhibitory eNOS (Thr495) phosphorylation induced via amlodipine. PP2 inhibited stimulatory eNOS, caveolin-1, and Src-kinase phosphorylation induced via amlodipine. Lipid emulsion inhibited amlodipine-induced endothelial intracellular calcium increase. These results suggest that lipid emulsion attenuated the vasodilation induced via amlodipine through inhibiting nitric oxide release in isolated rat aorta, which seems to be mediated via reversal of stimulatory eNOS (Ser1177) phosphorylation and inhibitory eNOS (Thr495) dephosphorylation, which are also induced via amlodipine.
Information Rigidity and the Expectations Formation Process: A Simple Framework and New Facts Prepared by Olivier Coibion and Yuriy Gorodnichenko 1

We propose a new approach to test the full-information rational expectations hypothesis which can identify whether rejections of the null arise from information rigidities. This approach quantifies the economic significance of departures from the null and the underlying degree of information rigidity. Applying this approach to U.S. and international data of professional forecasters and other agents yields pervasive evidence consistent with the presence of information rigidities. These results therefore provide a set of stylized facts which can be used to calibrate imperfect information models. Finally, we document evidence of state-dependence in the expectations formation process.
SPURIOUS REGRESSION BETWEEN I(1) PROCESSES WITH INFINITE VARIANCE ERRORS

This paper considers spurious regression between integrated processes with stable errors. Our results show that the t-ratios diverge at the rate of √T, which is identical to what Phillips (1986, Journal of Econometrics 33, 311–340) has obtained for the Gaussian case. Therefore, it is the long memory in the dependent variable and regressors, instead of the moment conditions of the error terms, that causes the spurious regression.
Fixed points and common fixed points theorems in pseudo-ordered sets

Under suitable conditions, we establish the existence of the greatest and the least fixed points of monotone maps defined on nonempty pseudo-ordered sets. Also, we prove that the set of all common fixed points of two categories of finite commutative family F of monotone maps f defined on a nonempty complete trellis is also a nonempty complete trellis.
Coding Unit-Based Region of Interest Encryption in HEVC/H.265 Video

The region of interest (ROI) encryption in the video can reduce the complexity of calculation and improve encryption speed by encrypting only the area containing critical visual information. Above all, ROI encryption can expand the utilization domain (e.g., video surveillance), unlike general encryption methods that de-identify the entire frame. However, the traditional ROI encryption process in high-efficiency video coding (HEVC)/H.265 is more complex than in advanced video coding/H.264, and the encrypted area tends to be wider than the ROI. Thus, cryptographic algorithms are applied outside the ROI, which wastes computing resources and restricts the visual information that needs to be provided. Therefore, this paper proposes a coding unit (CU)-based ROI encryption for HEVC/H.265 video. The proposed method selectively encrypts HEVC/H.265 parameters, such as the intra prediction mode, motion vector (MV), MV sign, transform coefficient (TC), and TC sign, which have significant visual influence, and adopts the tile concept for parallel processing frames. The CU-based ROI encryption reduces complexity by identifying the encryption area based on the CU coordinates, applying encryption only to the CUs associated with the ROI. This approach can preserve the area around the ROI by restricting the reference area. Moreover, it provides up to about 30% faster encryption speed than the traditional method while maintaining performance (i.e., peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index measure).
Fluoride Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Modified Zeolite—Kinetic and Isotherm Studies

Fluorine is a very common element in the Earth’s crust and is present in the air, food, and in natural waters. It never meets in the free state in nature due to its high reactivity, and it comes in the form of fluorides. Depending on the concentration of fluorine absorbed, it may be beneficial or harmful to human health. Similar to any trace element, fluoride ion is beneficial for the human body at low levels, but as soon as its concentration becomes too high, it is toxic, inducing dental and bone fluorosis. The lowering of fluoride concentrations that exceed the recommended standards in drinking water is practiced in various ways around the world. The adsorption process has been classified as one of the most efficient methods for the removal of fluoride from water as it is environmentally friendly, easy to operate, and cost-effective. The present study deals with fluoride ion adsorption on modified zeolite. There are several influential parameters, such as zeolite particle size, stirring rate, solution pH, initial concentration of fluoride, contact time, and solution temperature. The maximum removal efficiency of the modified zeolite adsorbent was 94% at 5 mg/L fluoride initial concentration, pH 6.3, and 0.5 g modified zeolite mass. The adsorption rate increases accordingly with increases in the stirring rate and pH value and decreases when the initial fluoride concentration is increased. The evaluation was enhanced by the study of adsorption isotherms using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Langmuir isotherm corresponds with the experimental results of the fluoride ions adsorption with a correlation value of 0.994. The kinetic analysis results of the fluoride ions adsorption on modified zeolite allowed us to demonstrate that the process primarily follows a pseudo-second-order and then, in the next step, follows a pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated, and the ΔG° value is found to be in the range of −0.266 kJ/mol up to 1.613 kJ/mol amidst an increase in temperature from 298.2 to 331.7 K. The negative values of the free enthalpy ΔG° mean that the adsorption of fluoride ions on the modified zeolite is spontaneous, and the positive value of the enthalpy ∆H° shows that the adsorption process is endothermic. The ∆S° values of entropy indicate the fluoride adsorption randomness characteristics at the zeolite-solution interface.
Estimation of GCF and Salivary Levels of NT-proBNP in Systemically Healthy Subjects with Severe Chronic Periodontitis Before and After Periodontal Flap Surgery

Purpose The aim of the study was to estimate and compare the Saliva and GCF levels of NT-proBNP in systemically healthy subjects with severe chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal flap surgery. Materials and Methods Twenty subjects were selected and divided into two groups based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Healthy Controls: 10 periodontally and systemically healthy subjects. Presurgery Group: 10 systemically healthy subjects with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. Postsurgery Group included Presurgery Group subjects who will undergo periodontal flap surgery. After the periodontal parameters were measured, GCF and saliva samples were collected. Postsurgery Group subjects underwent periodontal flap surgery and both periodontal parameters and GCF and saliva levels were reassessed after 6 months. Results Presurgery Group showed a higher mean value of plaque index, modified gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level when compared to Healthy Controls and it was found to decrease after periodontal flap surgery (Postsurgery Group). Intergroup comparison (Presurgery Group vs Postsurgery Group) of the mean difference of salivary NT-proBNP was found to be statistically significant. GCF levels of NT-proBNP also decreased after periodontal flap surgery but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion NT pro-BNP levels were found to be higher in periodontitis group as compared to the controls. The levels decreased following surgical periodontal therapy, elucidating the role of periodontal treatment on the expression of NT-proBNP as a salivary and GCF marker. NT-proBNP could serve as a potential biomarker for periodontitis in saliva and GCF in future.
Handling Qualities Assessment of Manual Lunar Landing with Display Augmentation

Research and development is being conducted to support data-driven design decisions for manual control and human involvement in the lunar landing task under the Human Landing System (HLS) program within the Artemis campaign. A human-in-the-loop simulator evaluation of the manual control of a lunar landing vehicle in the final approach and landing phase was conducted at NASA Langley Research Center in the Lunar Flight Deck simulator using the Altair Design and Analysis Cycle (DAC)-2 government reference vehicle. The objective was to perform a direct comparison of control law types with display aiding for various rotational control powers being considered under HLS. Ten subjects (four NASA test pilots and six current pilot astronauts) provided Cooper-Harper ratings, NASA Task Load Index workload ratings, and qualitative comments. The piloting task was to assume manual control of the vehicle (including vertical descent rate) at 150 m above the landing zone, fly to a redesignated landing target (which was up to 75 m radially from the center of the landing zone) and to touch down within a position accuracy of 5m. The data showed that the display augmentation in the form of a “hover cue” significantly improved the pilot's ability to control translation and create satisfactory handling qualities for otherwise sluggish configurations; however, the investigation also showed that display augmentation is not a panacea. Handling qualities problems, including pilot-induced oscillations, and higher workload for the lowest control powers can still be evident.
Soft Error Rate Predictions for Terrestrial Neutrons at the 3-nm Bulk FinFET Technology

Soft error rates are predicted for the 3-nm bulk FinFET technology node using layout-informed Geant4 simulations and experimental data from the previous 7-nm and 5-nm bulk FinFET nodes. Single-event hit current and voltage transient characteristics are analyzed with literature-based models at the 7-nm, 5-nm, and 3-nm bulk FinFET nodes.
A Large Scale Perspective on Open Access Publishing: Examining Gender and Scientific Disciplines in 38 OECD countries

Gender inequality is a persistent issue in scientific publishing, but recent studies suggest that Open Access (OA) publishing can increase the visibility and impact of female scientists' research. To provide a comprehensive, large-scale view of OA publishing considering gender and individual scientific disciplines, we analyzed a dataset of OpenAlex. Our final sample contained over 20 millions publications, including closed OA status publications, and over 8 millions publications, excluding closed OA status publications. Using the Genderize.io tool, we determined the gender of the authors. Results showed that female scientists publish more in OA mode, especially in Gold OA. Male scientists, on the other hand, tend to use Green OA. Our results also revealed a decreasing trend of Bronze OA and a growing trend of Gold and Hybrid OA. Biology, Physics, and Mathematics have the largest share of OA publications. Overall, our study provides a global perspective on gender and OA publishing and contributes to efforts to promote gender equality and inclusiveness in science and research.
Adherence Assessment on Hypertension Therapy Using The Pill Count Method In Lubuk Kilangan Health Center, Indonesia

: Adherence is a major problem in hypertension treatment. Patients' adherence can be evaluated through pill count by counting the remaining amount of the patient's medication at the beginning and the end, using a pillbox as a tool to improve patient medication adherence. The purpose of this study was to describe the differences in adherence between patients who used the pillbox and without the pillbox. The research method used is Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The sample of this study is Prolanis (Chronic Disease Management Program) patients in 2021 at the Lubuk Kilangan Health Center in Padang City. They meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been set. Sampling was carried out by total sample and obtained 70 subjects divided into the treatment group and the control group. The research technique used a Home Medication Review (HMR). The results of the study using the Mann-Whitney Test statistical test on adherence (p = 0.007) showed a value (p<0.05). It can be concluded that there are differences in adherence before and after the intervention. This result indicates that adherence is higher in patients who use the pillbox than those without the pillbox .
Near-field motions from kinematic models of propagating faults

Adaptation of existing solutions to the problem of edge and screw dislocations, which propagate with constant velocity along the fault plane, leads to very compact expressions that can be used as elementary solutions in the construction of near-field motions from arbitrarily complicated faulting in a uniform material. Two obvious limitations, two-dimensionality and the approximation of the free surface, may not be as severe a restriction on the applicability of the method as commonly assumed. Application of the method includes calculation of a profile of displacement, velocity, and acceleration wave forms over a dipping thrust fault. The variation of peak amplitudes with distance for these profiles suggests that the difference in intensity of ground motion on either side of a dipping fault decreases with an increase in the predominant frequency of the motion; hence, particle velocity shows less difference than particle displacement. Other applications include interpretations of near-fault strong-motion recordings. These studies point up the importance of the component of motion perpendicular to the fault. The amplitude of this motion is a strong function of the ratio of rupture to shear velocity and can dominate the near-field motions. As a final application, the spectra of the motions show that the simple near-field spectrum proposed by Brune (1970) on the basis of instantaneous rupture does not hold, even for the parallel component of motion at a small distance from the fault. Brune's modifications for finite rupture propagation seem to be qualitatively correct: the modulation produces an additional ω −1 factor in the spectrum. This will have the effect of limiting the maximum particle acceleration, which, according to simple source theory, can be infinite even with modest stress drops.