Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovering the Protective Effects of Quercetin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity in Bovine Foetal Hepatocyte-Derived Cells (BFH12)

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induces lipid peroxidation and mortality in bovine foetal hepatocyte-derived cells (BFH12), with underlying transcriptional perturbations associated mainly with cancer, cellular damage, inflammation, bioactivation, and detoxification pathways. In this cell line, curcumin and resveratrol have proven to be effective in mitigating AFB1-induced toxicity. In this paper, we preliminarily assessed the potential anti-AFB1 activity of a natural polyphenol, quercetin (QUE), in BFH12 cells. To this end, we primarily measured QUE cytotoxicity using a WST-1 reagent. Then, we pre-treated the cells with QUE and exposed them to AFB1. The protective role of QUE was evaluated by measuring cytotoxicity, transcriptional changes (RNA-sequencing), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde production), and targeted post-transcriptional modifications (NQO1 and CYP3A enzymatic activity). The results demonstrated that QUE, like curcumin and resveratrol, reduced AFB1-induced cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation and caused larger transcriptional variations than AFB1 alone. Most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in lipid homeostasis, inflammatory and immune processes, and carcinogenesis. As for enzymatic activities, QUE significantly reverted CYP3A variations induced by AFB1, but not those of NQO1. This study provides new knowledge about key molecular mechanisms involved in QUE-mediated protection against AFB1 toxicity and encourages in vivo studies to assess QUE’s bioavailability and beneficial effects on aflatoxicosis.
Bleeding at the Margins: Understanding Period Poverty among SC and ST Women Using Decomposition Analysis

Abstract Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) women in India have relatively lower usage of period products than women of the General category. This paper attempts to understand and uncover the social factors explaining inequalities in the period product usage among these groups. This paper uses data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), conducted in 2019–21, for this study, with a sample of 49,136 SC, 44,392 ST, and 41,045 General caste women in the age group of 15 to 24 years. Using the Fairlie decomposition method, we explain the inequalities in the period product usage between SC, ST, and general categories. Differences in wealth index (SC-Gen: 49.54%; ST-Gen: 46.6%), respondent’s education level (SC-Gen: 22.85%; ST-Gen: 17.3%), watching television (SC-Gen: 09.44%; ST-Gen: 10.1%), reading newspaper (SC-Gen: 08.71%; ST-Gen: 05.09%), and toilet facility (SC-Gen: 06.36%; ST-Gen: 03.05%) account for a large portion of the gap in the period product usage among these groups. Government, policymakers, and NGOs should focus on creating comprehensive menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) programmes, including educational programmes and mass media campaigns, while increasing focus on disadvantaged communities, viz. SCs and STs to make the necessary nudge for girls and women to adopt hygienic menstrual practices.
Détermination des forces de traction au cours de la migration de cellules cancéreuses sur des gels

Le processus de migration est un processus moleculaire integre qui contribue in vivo a de nombreux processus physiologiques de motilite, comme le developpement, la surveillance immunitaire et les metastases du cancer. Pour comprendre la migration cellulaire, il est necessaire de considerer l'environnement de la cellule, le type de cellules et la morphologie ainsi que l'organisation interne, i.e. son cytosquelette et ses adherences focales. Ce travail se concentre sur l'etude de la migration de cellules cancereuses de la vessie sur des supports deformables. L'analyse de trois lignees cellulaires de capacite metastatique differente est presentee. La capacite des cellules cancereuses a reagir a leur environnement est analysee et le processus de migration est decrit en termes de contraintes de traction. La reorganisation interne de la structure des cellules est etudiee par l'observation microscopique des filaments d'actine, des moteurs de myosine et des sites de transmission de force, i.e. les adhesions focales. On s'interesse a la relation de complementarite entre les differentes capacites invasives des cellules cancereuses, les forces de traction ainsi que les forces exercees sur le lamellipode et les structures internes des cellules. Il est constate que plusieurs parametres peuvent etre utilises pour discriminer la capacite metastatique, comme le type de migration, les forces de traction, les zones focales d'adhesion, ainsi que l'indice de diffusivite de migration. Cette etude constitue donc une premiere tentative pour differencier diverses cellules invasives en utilisant la migration sur des substrats mous.
ROLE OF IMBUING INTERACTIONS ON THE SOCIAL FABRIC OF GOND TRIBE - A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

A tribal community is symbolic of a country’s culture and its values. Comprising 8.6 percent of India’s population, the tribal population is a unique microcosm representative of India’s history, art, culture, rituals, and its people. The Gond tribe is one such Indian tribe, spread across central India whose roots go back far in history to the times when Gondwana existed. Gond dynasty was powerful and culturally significant from the ninth to the sixteenth century.This review paper aims to present a concise compilation of the ethnography of the second-largest tribe residing in India and enumerates their kingdom and victories. It also sheds light on the dispersion of Gond population till present time. The paper also attempts to bring forth the role of their various interactions with other societies and how it influenced their social and cultural practices.
Mistletoe Extracts during the Oncological Perioperative Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: We aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mistletoe extract (ME) use during the oncological perioperative period. Methods: Details registered a priori on PROSPERO (CRD42018086168). Results: Seven RCTs (comprising 663 participants in nine reports) and three nonrandomized studies were included. In five RCTs, ME was evaluated as adjunctive care and the control group had no additional intervention, whereas in two RCTs, ME was compared head-to-head against common cancer treatments (i.e., etoposide or bacillus Calmette-Guérin) with the intervention groups not receiving standard care. Meta-analyses found no evidence for a difference between ME and no added therapy for mortality and recurrence (RR, 95% CI: 1.00, 0.79–1.27; and 1.03, 0.79–1.33, respectively). Two RCTs reported beneficial effects of ME on immune cells, specifically natural killer cells, in colorectal cancer, and one RCT reported quality of life improvement. Two RCTs reported ME discontinuations due to adverse events and grade 3/4 toxicities. Nevertheless, no safety signals were detected from these 10 studies. Quality appraisal revealed a substantial risk of bias. Conclusions: Preliminary data are encouraging for mistletoe extracts, particularly in the context of colorectal cancer. However, the evidence is limited by the number of studies, an evaluation of different outcomes, and methodological limitations. Further high-quality research is warranted.
The Challenges of Pre-Service Teachers in the New Normal Set up of Field Study Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic

The pandemic had a huge impact on many things and situations, particularly the new normal. The researchers decided that field study of pre-service teachers is one of them because no one has ever taken the course under the new COVID-19 setup. The researchers aim to inform their readers about how the COVID-19 pandemic challenge will affect every pre-service teacher in the new set-up of education through online learning. Purposive homogenous sampling was used to choose 12 students from Rizal Technological University-Boni and Pasig Campuses. Researchers chose typical students, non-workers, and university scholars as participants. Age, gender, and geography vary among participants. Researchers used interviews and supported by an interview script to gather replies. Pandemic-related preparations have been taken. Thematic analysis is used to understand pre-service teachers' challenges in the new field study setup. Pre-service teachers face challenges in this setting, according to the research most are struggling because of the rapid move from traditional classes to the new typical format, causing unpreparedness and lack of expertise when they face more complex situations. In addition, slow internet and a lack of resources make it difficult to attend classes and meet prerequisites. Some have many restrictions, especially on classroom monitoring because of the pandemic. The findings imply that the study's premise is significant and relevant in today's environment, especially for individuals pursuing an education degree and becoming pre-service teachers. Pre-service teachers face new obstacles in the new normal.
A pH-responsive bi-MIL-88B MOF coated with folic acid-conjugated chitosan as a promising nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery of 5-Fluorouracil

Cancer has remained one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with a lack of effective treatment. The intrinsic shortcomings of conventional therapeutics regarding tumor specificity and non-specific toxicity prompt us to look for alternative therapeutics to mitigate these limitations. In this regard, we developed multifunctional bimetallic (FeCo) bi-MIL-88B-FC MOFs modified with folic acid—conjugated chitosan (FC) as drug delivery systems (DDS) for targeted delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). The bi-MIL-88B nanocarriers were characterized through various techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Interestingly, 5-FU@bi-MIL-88B-FC showed slower release of 5-FU due to a gated effect phenomenon endowed by FC surface coating compared to un-modified 5-FU@bi-MIL-88B. The pH-responsive drug release was observed, with 58% of the loaded 5-FU released in cancer cells mimicking pH (5.2) compared to only 24.9% released under physiological pH (5.4). The in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular internalization experiments revealed the superiority of 5-FU@bi-MIL-88B-FC as a highly potent targeted DDS against folate receptor (FR) positive SW480 cancer cells. Moreover, due to the presence of Fe and Co in the structure, bi-MIL-88B exhibited peroxidase-like activity for chemodynamic therapy. Based on the results, 5-FU@bi-MIL-88B-FC could serve as promising candidate for smart DDS by sustained drug release and selective targeting.
Young People’s Stories of School Failure and Remedial Trajectories – Clues to Prevention of School Absenteeism and Early School Leaving

Abstract This article aims to increase knowledge of ways to counter school absenteeism and early school leaving. It analyses stories of youths who either attended or probably would be referred to a Swedish remedial program because of failure to complete compulsory education. Histories of school absenteeism were frequent in both groups. Most participating students reported that a holistic approach, individually adapted support, and a respectful socio-emotional environment helped them to regain self-esteem and school motivation. The findings indicate essential factors for prevention of school absenteeism and early school leaving.
Contribution of Dynamic Rheology Coupled to FTIR and Raman Spectroscopies to the Real-Time Shaping Ability of a Hyperbranched Polycarbosilane

In the field of non-oxide ceramics, the polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) approach appears to be very promising, especially for obtaining easily shaped and homogeneous materials in terms of structure and composition. However, in order to reach a suitable form during the process, it is often necessary to study the rheology of preceramic polymers while they are modified during polymerisation or crosslinking reactions. Given this need in the understanding of the real-time rheology of macromolecules during their synthesis, a rheometer coupled with both an infrared spectrometer and a Raman probe is described as a powerful tool for monitoring in situ synthesised polycarbosilanes. Indeed, this original device allows one to control the viscosity of a hyberbranched polycarbosilane from defined difunctional and tetrafunctional monomers. Meanwhile, it links this evolution to structural modifications in the macromolecular structure (molar masses, dispersity and conformation), based on SEC-MALS analyses, synchronised by the monomer conversion determined by using Raman and infrared spectroscopies, a common denominator of the aforementioned instrumental platform.
Patients’ Clinical and Psychological Status in Different COVID-19 Waves in Italy: A Quanti-Qualitative Study

Background: COVID-19 waves have been characterized by different clinical manifestations, a decrease of functional abilities, and the presence of psychological symptoms. The aims of this study were to investigate differences in physical and psychological symptoms during the three Italian waves of the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: Patients undergoing a functional, cardiological and pneumological check-up follow-up at ICS Maugeri Institutes, 2–3 months after recovery from COVID-19 were consecutively recruited to participate in the study, completing a quanti-qualitative questionnaire about anxiety, depression, PTSD symptoms, and personal resources. Results: 104 patients were recruited: 44 and 60 during the first and second/third pandemic waves, respectively. Physical comorbidities were more present in the second/third waves compared to the first one, while no significant differences were found in anxious and depressive symptoms, which were significantly higher than normal during the three waves; PTSD symptoms were reported by 56.3% of patients. Family, social support, and a positive mindset were described as resources to cope with the COVID-19 burden. Negative affects arose during outbreaks (panic) and the disease (fear), while positive affect (joy) characterized only the follow-up period. Conclusion: This study shows how psychophysical symptoms might change during the pandemic waves and highlights the importance of protective factors to balance the subjective distress.
Chapter 91: SIGNALING MODELS AND PRODUCT MARKET GAMES IN FINANCE: DO WE KNOW WHAT WE KNOW?*

Important results in a large class of financial models of signaling and product market games hinge on assumptions about the second order complementarities or substitutabilities between arguments in the maximand. Such second order relationships are determined by the technology of the firm in signaling models, and market structure in product market games. To the extent that the underlying economics (in theoretical specifications) or the data (in empirical tests) cannot distinguish between such complementarities and substitutabilities, the theoretical robustness and the empirical tests of many models are rendered questionable. Based on three well-known models from finance literature, we discuss the role that these assumptions play in theory development
The Effect of Economic Growth, Unemployment Rate and Human Development Index on Poverty Rate in North Jakarta

Poverty is a complex problem, many factors affect the poverty rate in North Jakarta. This study aims to analyze the effect of economic growth, open unemployment rate, and human development index on the poverty rate in North Jakarta.iod 2009 to 2021, data was obtained through the Central Statistics Agency using multiple linear analysis methods using SPSS 27. The results of this study show that simultaneously Economic Growth, Unemployment Rate, and Human Development Index affect the Poverty Rate. Partial Economic Growth has no effect on the Poverty Rate, the Unemployment Rate has a positive impact in the Poverty Rate and the Human Development Index has a positive impact on the Poverty Rate.
Spatiotemporal Pattern of Invasive Pedicularis in the Bayinbuluke Land, China, during 2019-2021: An Analysis Based on PlanetScope and Sentinel-2 Data

The accurate identification and monitoring of invasive plants are of great significance to sustainable ecological development. The invasive Pedicularis poses a severe threat to native biodiversity, ecological security, socioeconomic development, and human health in the Bayinbuluke Grassland, China. It is imperative and useful to obtain a precise distribution map of Pedicularis for controlling its spread. This study used the positive and unlabeled learning (PUL) method to extract Pedicularis from the Bayinbuluke Grassland based on multi-period Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope remote sensing images. A change rate model for a single land cover type and a dynamic transfer matrix were constructed under GIS to reflect the spatiotemporal distribution of Pedicularis. The results reveal that (1) the PUL method accurately identifies Pedicularis in satellite images, achieving F1-scores above 0.70 and up to 0.94 across all three datasets: PlanetScope data (seven features), Sentinel-2 data (seven features), and Sentinel-2 data (thirteen features). (2) When comparing the three datasets, the number of features is more important than the spatial resolution in terms of use in the PUL method of Pedicularis extraction. Nevertheless, when compared with PlanetScope data, Sentinel-2 data demonstrated a higher level of accuracy in predicting the distribution of Pedicularis. (3) During the 2019–2021 growing season, the distribution area of Pedicularis decreased, and the distribution was mainly concentrated in the northeast and southeast of Bayinbuluke Swan Lake. The acquired spatiotemporal pattern of invasive Pedicularis could potentially be used to aid in controlling Pedicularis spread or elimination, and the methods proposed in this study could be adopted by the government as a low-cost strategy to identify priority areas in which to concentrate efforts to control and continue monitoring Pedicularis invasion.
A UNIFIED THEORY OF TRUTH AND PARADOX

Abstract The sentences employed in semantic paradoxes display a wide range of semantic behaviours. However, the main theories of truth currently available either fail to provide a theory of paradox altogether, or can only account for some paradoxical phenomena by resorting to multiple interpretations of the language, as in (Kripke, 1975). In this article, I explore the wide range of semantic behaviours displayed by paradoxical sentences, and I develop a unified theory of truth and paradox, that is a theory of truth that also provides a unified account of paradoxical sentences. The theory I propose here yields a threefold classification of paradoxical sentences—liar-like sentences, truth-teller–like sentences, and revenge sentences. Unlike existing treatments of semantic paradox, the theory put forward in this article yields a way of interpreting all three kinds of paradoxical sentences, as well as unparadoxical sentences, within a single model.
Genetic assessment of the effect of red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) as a feed additive on mycotoxin toxicity in laying hens

Toxic fungal species produce hazardous substances known as mycotoxins. Consumption of mycotoxin contaminated feed and food causes a variety of dangerous diseases and can even lead to death of animals and humans, raising global concerns for adverse health effects. To date, several strategies have been developed to counteract with mycotoxin contamination. Red yeast as a novel biological dietary agent is a promising strategy to eliminate mycotoxicity in living organisms. Poultry are most susceptible animals to mycotoxin contamination, as they are fed a mixture of grains and are at higher risk of co-exposure to multiple toxic fungal substances. Therefore, this study investigated the genetic mechanism underlying long-term feeding with red yeast supplementation in interaction with multiple mycotoxins using transcriptome profiling (RNA_Seq) in the liver of laying hens. The results showed a high number of significantly differentially expressed genes in liver of chicken fed with a diet contaminated with mycotoxins, whereas the number of Significantly expressed genes was considerably reduced when the diet was supplemented with red yeast. The expression of genes involved in the phase I (CYP1A1, CYP1A2) and phase II (GSTA2, GSTA3, MGST1) detoxification process was downregulated in animals fed with mycotoxins contaminated diet, indicating suppression of the detoxification mechanisms. However, genes involved in antioxidant defense (GSTO1), apoptosis process (DUSP8), and tumor suppressor (KIAA1324, FBXO47, NME6) were upregulated in mycotoxins-exposed animals, suggesting activation of the antioxidant defense in response to mycotoxicity. Similarly, none of the detoxification genes were upregulated in hens fed with red yeast supplemented diet. However, neither genes involved in antioxidant defense nor tumor suppressor genes were expressed in the animals exposed to the red yeast supplemented feed, suggesting decreases the adsorption of biologically active mycotoxins in the liver of laying hens. We conclude that red yeast can act as a mycotoxin binder to decrease the adsorption of mycotoxins in the liver of laying hens and can be used as an effective strategy in the poultry feed industry to eliminate the adverse effects of mycotoxins for animals and increase food safety for human consumers.
Cytomegalovirus Infection after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation under 100-Day Letermovir Prophylaxis: A Real-World 1-Year Follow-Up Study

The prevention and management of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is important to improve the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients. The aim of this study was to analyze real-world data regarding the incidence and characteristics of CMV infections until 1 year after allo-HCT under 100-day letermovir prophylaxis. A single-center retrospective study was conducted between November 2020 and October 2021. During the study period, 358 patients underwent allo-HCT, 306 of whom received letermovir prophylaxis. Cumulative incidence of clinically significant CMV infection (CS-CMVi) was 11.4%, 31.7%, and 36.9% at 14 weeks, 24 weeks, and 1 year post-HCT, respectively. Through multivariate analysis, the risk of CS-CMVi increased with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) ≥ grade 2 (adjusted odds ratio 3.640 [2.036–6.510]; p < 0.001). One-year non-relapse mortality was significantly higher in letermovir breakthrough CS-CMVi patients than those with subclinical CMV reactivation who continued receiving letermovir (p = 0.002). There were 18 (15.9%) refractory CMV infection cases in this study population. In summary, letermovir prophylaxis is effective at preventing CS-CMVi until day 100, which increased after the cessation of letermovir. GVHD is still a significant risk factor in the era of letermovir prophylaxis. Further research is needed to establish individualized management strategies, especially in patients with significant GVHD or letermovir breakthrough CS-CMVi.