Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of retirement goals and risk attitudes on Malaysian women’s retirement planning

Abstract The lack of retirement savings for the future lives of many individuals, and pre-retirees in particular, is an example of one of the most critical problems facing many emerging countries. Unfortunately, a lack of preparedness can have severe effects on Malaysian cultures, especially for women who are nearing retirement. The issues persist and, most likely, are becoming worse despite all the awareness campaigns that have been running for a while. In order to express fresh thoughts and suggest an extra approach or workable solution to supplement past research and conclusions, this study will analyse this dilemma from a women’s perspective of retirement planning. This study applies a quantitative approach, where primary data was acquired through online surveys of 443 workers in various locations in Malaysia. Validation of the measurement model in this study uses the structural equation model (SEM), which interprets that if the model fits, the strength of path estimates, validity, and reliability of the construct are estimated. The results of this study show that retirement goals affect an individual’s retirement planning, but risk perception does not affect an individual’s perspective on planning for a future retirement. This study also emphasises the significance of financial literacy in retirement planning, specifically how it will boost the confidence of these female workers as they approach retirement. These findings also have useful ramifications for financial planners and advisors, enabling them to better comprehend the variables influencing retirement saving behaviour.
Probing the Order within Neonatal Heart Rate Variability

The mechanism by which heart rate variability (HRV) changes during neonatal illness is not known. One possibility is that reduced HRV is merely a diminished or scaled-down version of normal. Another possibility is that there is a fundamental change in the mechanism underlying HRV, resulting in a change in the ordering of RR intervals. We investigated the nature and extents of order in RR interval time series from 25 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit patients with a spectrum of clinical illness severity and HRV. We measured predictability (deviation of predicted intervals from observed), and regularity (measured as approximate entropy) of RR interval time series showing different degrees of HRV. In RR interval time series where the effects of scaling were removed, we found 1) records showing normal HRV had more order than those showing low HRV; 2) the nature of the order was more like that of a periodic process with frequencies over a large range(time series whose log-log power spectrum had a 1/f distribution) than that of chaotic one (logistic map); and 3) the nature of order did not change greatly as HRV fell. We conclude that neonatal RR interval time series are ordered by periodic processes with frequencies over a large range, and that the extent of order is less during illness when HRV is low.
Recursion Operators for a Class of Integrable Third‐Order Evolution Equations

We consider ut=uαuxxx+n(u)uxuxx+m(u)u3x+r(u)uxx+p(u)u2x+q(u)ux+s(u) with α= 0 and α= 3, for those functional forms of m, n, p, q, r, s for which the equation is integrable in the sense of an infinite number of Lie‐Bäcklund symmetries. Recursion operators which are x‐ and t‐independent that generate these infinite sets of (local) symmetries are obtained for the equations. A combination of potential forms, hodograph transformations, and x‐generalized hodograph transformations are applied to the obtained equations.
A Prognostic Parameterization for the Subgrid-Scale Variability of Water Vapor and Clouds in Large-Scale Models and Its Use to Diagnose Cloud Cover

A parameterization for the horizontal subgrid-scale variability of water vapor and cloud condensate is introduced, which is used to diagnose cloud fraction in the spirit of statistically based cloud cover parameterizations. High-resolution cloud-resolving model data from tropical deep convective scenarios were used to justify the choice of probability density function (PDF). The PDF selected has the advantage of being bounded above and below, avoiding the complications of negative or infinite water mixing ratios, and can give both negatively and positively skewed functions as well as symmetric Gaussian-like bell-shaped curves, without discrete transitions, and is mathematically straightforward to implement. A development from previous statistical parameterizations is that the new scheme is prognostic, with processes such as deep convection, turbulence, and microphysics directly affecting the distribution of higher-order moments of variance and skewness. The scheme is able to represent the growth and decay of cirrus cloud decks and also the creation of cloud in clear sky or breakup of an overcast cloud deck by boundary layer turbulence. After introducing the mathematical framework, results using the parameterization in a climate model are shown to illustrate its behavior. The parameterization is shown to reduce cloud cover biases almost globally, with a marked improvement in the stratocumulus regions in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
The Wiener Index of Trees with Given Degree Sequences

The Wiener index is the sum of topological distances between all pairs of vertices in a connected graph such as represents the structural formula of a molecule. Firstly, we investigate some properties of the partially ordered set of all vectors associated with a tree with respect to majorization. Then these results are used to characterize the trees which minimize the Wiener index among all trees with a given degree sequence. Consequently, all extremal trees with the smallest Wiener index are obtained in the sets of all trees of order n with the maximum degree, the leaf number and the matching number respectively.
Magnetization process and thermal stability in longitudinal magnetic recording media with a stabilizing layer

The thermal stability in an exchange coupled CoPtCrB trilayer structure medium (TL) is discussed and compared to that for the corresponding single layer (SL) medium. The time dependence of magnetization shows a nonlinear behavior. The magnetization decay rate is found to be reduced in TL when the applied field is close to the coercivity. The DC demagnetization (DCD) reversal mechanisms are investigated by magnetic force microscopy. It is observed that for the reversed field close to remanent coercivity of the TL and SL, very coarse magnetic structures appear.
RF measurement of impact ionization and its temperature dependence in AlSb/InAs HEMTs

The RF characteristics of impact ionization in AlSb/InAs HEMTs were examined by measuring the behavior of S/sub 22/ in the frequency range from 300 kHz to 3 GHz. By varying the drain bias, the onset of impact ionization can be clearly observed. In the ionization region, high gate current, inductive output impedance, current instability with hysteresis, and an increase in low-frequency noise were observed. With decreasing temperature, these effects diminish. The results were compared with measurements made on InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HEMTs. In both transistors, impact ionization as well as deep-level trapping were observed. <<ETX>>
Conceptual Relationship between Corporate Governance and Audit Quality in Shari’ah Compliant Companies Listed on Bursa Malaysia

The issue of corporate governance has been a focus among researchers after the 1997/98 financial crisis. Many countries have implemented codes and guidelines of corporate governance to promote effective boards overseeing the operations of companies. In the case of Shari’ah compliant companies, boards still play a significant role and are responsible to ensure Shari’ah compliance. This paper reemphasises the conceptual relation between corporate governance mechanisms and audit quality. The corporate governance mechanisms are measured by board size, CEO duality, independent directors, financial experts on the audit committee, and the existence of an internal Shari’ah committee. There are numerous methods to measure audit quality including using audit fee and auditor reputation as proxies. The findings are mixed. This means that there is no consistent relationship between good corporate governance mechanisms and audit quality.
Effect of Geometry and Flow Conditions on Particulate Fouling in Plate Heat Exchangers

This article describes particulate fouling experiments performed on small-scale and full-scale plate heat exchangers for three different corrugation angles (30 deg, 45 deg and 60 deg). The velocity effect has been studied as well as the particle type and concentration effects. The test duration ranges between 20 and 1,500 h in order to reach asymptotic behavior. The results clearly indicate that the corrugation angle has a major influence on the asymptotic fouling resistance. Increasing the corrugation angle leads to lower values for the fouling resistance. Furthermore, for a given corrugation angle, the asymptotic fouling resistance is inversely proportional to the velocity squared. Finally, the asymptotic fouling resistance is proportional to the particle concentration. Fouling mitigation can be obtained by taking into account at the design stage the heat exchanger geometry and fluid velocity.
Study on the Relationship and Predictive Value of First-Trimester Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A, Maternal Factors, and Biochemical Parameters in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Large Case-Control Study in Southern China Mothers

Objective To investigate the relationship and predictive value of first-trimester pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), maternal factors, and biochemical parameters with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in southern China mothers. Methods This study recruited 4872 pregnant women. PAPP-A, the free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-HCG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high- and low-density lipoproteins (HDL, LDL) were measured at 11–13+ weeks of gestation. GDM was diagnosed based on a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks of gestation. We performed stepwise logistic regression analysis to determine the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of GDM. We used Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves with the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate the predictive value of PAPP-A, maternal factors, and biochemical markers. The significance of the differences between the AUC values was assessed using the DeLong test. Results GDM was diagnosed in 750 (15.39%) women. Independent factors for GDM were age, pre-gestational BMI, GWG before a diagnosis of GDM, previous history of GDM, family history of diabetes, FPG, TG, LDL, PAPP-A, and TC. The AUC of PAPP-A was 0.56 (95% CI 0.53–0.58). The AUC of a model based on combined maternal factors, biochemical markers, and PAPP-A was 0.70 (95% CI 0.68–0.72). Differences in AUC values between PAPP-A alone and the model based on combined maternal factors, biochemical markers, and PAPP-A were statistically significant (Z= 9.983, P<0.001). Conclusion A Low serum PAPP-A level in the first trimester is an independent risk factor for developing GDM later in pregnancy. However, it is not a good independent predictor although the predictive value of a low serum PAPP-A level increases when combined with maternal factors and biochemical markers.
Effect of compression on grain growth in Al films

The effect of compression on grain growth in Al and Al(Cu) films on oxidized Si substrates has been studied. Samples were compressed in a uniaxial press during annealing at 400 °C, and then examined using focused ion beam imaging. It was found that the compressed regions had a final grain size roughly a factor of 3 larger than in the uncompressed regions. This behavior is interpreted as due to a decrease in grain boundary grooving and the pinning forces associated with them, thus allowing enhanced grain growth.
Frailty and Age-Associated Assessments Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease and Transplantation Outcomes

Background Frailty is often defined as a decrease in physiological reserve and has been shown to be correlated with adverse health outcomes and mortality in the general population. This condition is highly prevalent in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patient population as well as in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Other age-associated changes include sarcopenia, nutrition, cognition, and depression. In assessing the contributions of these components to patient outcomes and their prevalence in the CKD and KT patient population, it can be determined how such variables may be associated with frailty and the extent to which they may impact the adverse outcomes an individual may experience. Objectives We sought to perform a systematic literature review to review published data on frailty and associated age-associated syndromes in CKD and KT patients. Results Over 80 references pertinent to frailty, sarcopenia, nutrition, cognition, or depression in patients with CKD or KT were identified. Systematic review was performed to evaluate the data supporting the use of the following approaches: Fried Frailty, Short Physical Performance Battery, Frailty Index, Sarcopenia Index, CT scan quantification of muscle mass, health-related quality of life, and assessment tools for nutrition, cognition, and depression. Conclusion This report represents a comprehensive review of previously published research articles on this topic. The intersectionality between all these components in contributing to the patient's clinical status suggests a need for a multifaceted approach to developing comprehensive care and treatment for the CKD and KT population to improve outcomes before and after transplantation.
Effects of Cancer Treatment on the Education and Cognition of South Florida Pediatric Cancer Survivors

Purpose As pediatric cancer survival rates have exponentially increased in the past decade, with the vast majority surviving five years or more, the long-term impacts of treatment on the quality of survivorship must be explored. This study examines the effects of pediatric cancer treatment regimens on education outcomes among a demographically diverse regional population. The primary objective is to identify potential factors that may impact the educational and cognitive quality of life in this population. Methods Four hundred sixty-eight pediatric oncology patients diagnosed at age <20 between January 1990 - August 2019 and treated for cancer with radiation therapy at a large public or a multi-center private hospital in South Florida were identified. A novel survey available in English and Spanish was electronically distributed at least three times to each patient from August 2020 - July 2021 via email, phone call, and text message. Variables relating to demographics, treatment, cognitive impairment, and school re-entry were collected through the survey and electronic medical record review. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results Of the patients, 10.5% responded to the survey (26 male, 21 female, two unidentified sex). The mean age was 8.9 years old (range 0-20) at diagnosis, 24.0 years old (range 8-39) at the time of survey completion, and 55.1% self-identified as Hispanic. Nearly one-quarter of respondents (22.4%) were unable to correctly identify the treatment modalities they received; Hispanic self-identifying patients were 1.75 times more likely than non-Hispanic patients to incorrectly report the treatment modalities received. One-quarter (26.5%) of respondents reported long-term cognitive deficits post-treatment, of which, over three-quarters (76.9%) identified as Hispanic. Conclusion This study illuminates patients' perspectives on their long-term cognitive impacts after pediatric cancer treatment. Given the diverse study population, ethnic disparities in post-treatment survivorship were explored. A substantial subset of Hispanic participants was unable to correctly identify their treatment regimen, and a disproportionately large group of Hispanic patients experienced cognitive long-term cognitive deficits, suggesting that ethnic disparities play a critical role in post-treatment survivorship. Further research on prioritizing educational intervention during and after treatment is essential to improving both the quality and equity of survivorship among pediatric oncology patients.
An obstacle to the late evolution of massive stars

During their evolution, massive stars first swell and thus become red supergiants, after which they shrink again to evolve to the blue supergiant phase. When, during this blueward loop, the effective photospheric temperature Tefl. has increased to values of about 7000 K, the main part of the photosphere becomes moderately unstable. Observations of the yellow hypergiant star HD 217476 = HR 8752 show that the approach to this instability region may lead to phases of enhanced mass loss and consequent reduced surface temperature, after which Tefl. slowly increases until it again 'bounces' against the atmospheric instability region. Two such bounces have been observed in the last 30 yr and a third seems imminent; frequent observations of this star are therefore useful. Other 'yellow hypergiants', like p Cas and IRC + 10420, seem to show the same behaviour. Repeated observations of these stars may help us to understand how massive stars pass the instability region during their evolution towards the blue supergiant phase.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INKLUSIF PADA KABUPATEN/KOTA DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT TAHUN 2016-2021

Pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif yaitu pertumbuhan ekonomi yang dapat menurunkan tingkat kemiskinan dan pengangguran, menciptakan pemerataan, serta mendorong percepatan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Salah satu strategi yang dapat ditempuh untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif adalah dengan pembangunan infrastruktur di seluruh sektor di seluruh wilayah secara merata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh infrastruktur jalan, listrik, air, pendidikan, dan pasar secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif kabupaten/kota di Provinsi NTB tahun 2016-2021 . Pengujian dilakukan pada 10 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi NTB dengan tahun pengamatan yaitu tahun 2016-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode asosiatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi, lalu dianalisis dengan analisis regresi data panel pendekatan Random Effect Model (REM) menggunakan software Eviews 12. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Infrastruktur jalan dan pendidikan berpengaruh tidak signifikan dan negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif. Infrastruktur listrik, air, berpengaruh signifikan dan positif, sedangkan infrastruktur pasar berpengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif. Infrastruktur jalan, listrik, air, pendidikan dan pasar secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan temuan baru mengenai pengaruh infrastruktur terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif dan sebagai bahan pertimbangan pemerintah dalam melakukan pembangunan infrastruktur yang optimal, sehingga pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif dapat tercapai.
A mixed finite element method for the generalized Stokes problem

We present and analyse a new mixed finite element method for the generalized Stokes problem. The approach, which is a natural extension of a previous procedure applied to quasi‐Newtonian Stokes flows, is based on the introduction of the flux and the tensor gradient of the velocity as further unknowns. This yields a two‐fold saddle point operator equation as the resulting variational formulation. Then, applying a slight generalization of the well known Babuška–Brezzi theory, we prove that the continuous and discrete formulations are well posed, and derive the associated a priori error analysis. In particular, the finite element subspaces providing stability coincide with those employed for the usual Stokes flows except for one of them that needs to be suitably enriched. We also develop an a posteriori error estimate (based on local problems) and propose the associated adaptive algorithm to compute the finite element solutions. Several numerical results illustrate the performance of the method and its capability to localize boundary layers, inner layers, and singularities. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formal and Informal Accountabilities and Accountability Management: Impact on Work Performance

This study empirically examines the relationship between several accountability aspects and perceived work performance in the specific context of child-welfare services in the State of Virginia. The results show mixed evidence. For example, legal and ethical accountabilities positively affect performance, but each type of accountability (formal and informal) influences the work performance of child-welfare caseworkers differently—directly or indirectly—through a compliance strategy. Hierarchical accountability and the adoption of a discretionary strategy do not affect performance, at least in this context. Accountability management appears to play a meaningful role as a mediator within the accountability-performance link.
Total cross sections for positron-hydrogen scattering

Experimental data for positron-hydrogen scattering have been made available in the recent literature. We have, therefore, recalculated the modified Glauber (MG) total cross sections for positron-hydrogen scattering with the consideration of an improved calculation for the second-Born term of the MG amplitude. The results were found to agree very well with experimental data at energies above about 40 eV.
Extreme ultraviolet lithography patterned mask defect detection performance evaluation toward 16- to 11-nm half-pitch generation

Abstract. High-sensitivity and low-noise extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask pattern defect detection is one of the major issues remaining to be addressed in device fabrication using extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). We have designed a projection electron microscopy (PEM) system, which has proven to be quite promising for half-pitch (hp) 16-nm node to hp 11-nm node mask inspection. The PEM system was integrated into a pattern inspection system for defect detection sensitivity evaluation. To improve the performance of hp 16-nm patterned mask defect detection toward hp 11-nm EUVL patterned mask, defect detection signal characteristics, which depend on hp 64-nm pattern image intensity deviation on EUVL mask, were studied. Image adjustment effect of the captured images for die-to-die defect detection was evaluated before the start of the defect detection image-processing sequence. Image correction of intrafield intensity unevenness and L/S pattern image contrast deviation suppresses the generation of false defects. Captured images of extrusion and intrusion defects in hp 64-nm L/S patterns were used for detection. Applying the image correction for defect detection, 12-nm sized intrusion defect, which was smaller than our target size for hp 16-nm defect detection requirements, was identified without false defects.