Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Reminiscence Bump in the Temporal Distribution of the Best Football Players of All Time: Pelé, Cruijff or Maradona?

The reminiscence bump is the tendency to recall more autobiographical memories from adolescence and early adulthood than from adjacent lifetime periods. In this online study, the robustness of the reminiscence bump was examined by looking at participants' judgements about the quality of football players. Dutch participants (N = 619) were asked who they thought the five best players of all time were. The participants could select the names from a list or enter the names when their favourite players were not on the list. Johan Cruijff, Pelé, and Diego Maradona were the three most often mentioned players. Participants frequently named football players who reached the midpoint of their career when the participants were adolescents (mode = 17). The results indicate that the reminiscence bump can also be identified outside the autobiographical memory domain.
Grazing systems on the Edwards Plateau of Texas: Are they worth the trouble?. II. Livestock response.

Huston, J.E. , B.S. Rector, L.B. Merrill, and B.S. Engdahl. 1981. Nutritional value of range plants in the Edwards Plateau region of Texas. Agr. Exp. Bull. B-1357. 16 pp. Kothmann, M.M. 1980. Integrating livestock needs to the grazing systems. In: Proceedings Grazing Management Systems for Southwest Rangelands Symposium. pp 65-83. The Range Improvement Task Force, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM. McCalla, G.R. , W.H. Blackburn, and LB. MerrIll. 1984. Effects of livestock grazing on sediment production, Edwards Plateau of Texas. J. Range Manage. 37:291 -294. Ralphs, M.H. , M.M. Kothmann, and C.A. Taylor, Jr. 1990. Vegetation response to increased stocking rates in short-duration grazing. J. Range Manage. 43:104-108. Smelns, F.E. 1980. Natural role of fire on the Edwards Plateau. pp. 4-16. In: (Edited by L.D. White). Prescribed range burning on the Edwards Plateau of Texas. Tex. Agr. Ext. Serv. , College Station, Tex. 74 p. Smelns, F.E. , T.W. Taylor, and L.B. MerrIll. 1976. Vegetation of a 25-year exciosure on the Edwards Plateau, Texas. J. Range Manage. 29:24-29. Taylor, C.A. , Jr., M.M. Kothmann, L.B. Merrill, and D. Elledge. 1980. Diet selection by cattle under high-intensity low-frequency, short duration and Merrill grazing systems. J. Range Manage. 33:428-434. Thurow, T.L. , W.H. Blackburn, and C.A. Taylor, Jr. 1986. Hydrologic characteristics of vegetation types as affected by livestock grazing systems, Edwards Plateau, Texas. In: Sheep and Goat, Wool and Mohair. CPR 4565-4591. pp. 4-5. Thurow, T.L. , W.H. Blackburn, S.D. Warren, and C.A. Taylor, Jr. 1987. Rainfall interception by midgrass, shortgrass, and liveoak mottes. J. Range Manage. 37:291—294. Thurow, T.L. , W.H. Blackburn, and C.A. Taylor, Jr. 1988. Some vegetation responses to selected livestock grazing strategies, Edwards Plateau, Texas. J. Range Manage. 39:505-509. Warren, S.D. , W.H. Blackburn, and C.A. Taylor, Jr. 1986a. Effects of season and stage of rotation cycle on hydrologic condition of rangeland under intensive rotation grazing. J. Range Manage. 39:486-491. Warren, S.D. , W.H. Blackburn, and C.A. Taylor, Jr. 1 986b. Soil hydrologic response to number of pastures and stocking density under intensive rotation grazing. J. Range Manage. 39:500-504. Youngblood, B. , and A.B. Cox. 1922. An economic study of a typical ranching area on the Edwards Plateau of Texas. Tex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 297. 437 p.
Heart Failure Resulting From Age-Related Cardiac Amyloid Disease Associated With Wild-Type Transthyretin A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study Heart Failure

(ATTRwt) is an underappreciated cause of morbidity and mortality in the aging population. The aims of this study were to examine features of disease and to characterize outcomes in a large ATTRwt cohort. Methods and Results —Over 20 years, 121 patients with ATTRwt were enrolled in a prospective, observational study. Median age at enrollment was 75.6 years (range, 62.6–87.8 years); 97% of patients were white. The median survival, measured from biopsy diagnosis, was 46.69 months (95% confidence interval, 41.95–56.77); 78% of deaths were attributable to cardiac causes. By Kaplan–Meier analysis, 5-year survival was 35.7% (95% confidence interval, 25–46). Impaired functional capacity (mean V o 2 max, 13.5 mL · kg −1 · min −1 ) and atrial fibrillation (67%) were common clinical features. Multivariate predictors of reduced survival were elevated serum brain natriuretic peptide (482±337 pg/mL) and uric acid (8.2±2.6 mg/dL), decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (50% median; range, 10%–70%), and increased relative wall thickness (0.75±0.19). clinical brain natriuretic peptide and uric acid, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, increased relative wall thickness associated with limited survival of only 35.7% at 5 years for the group as a whole. the of ATTRwt, future sensitive and disease-specific treatments for this observations. Univariate analysis was initially performed to identify factors associated with survival from demographic, clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic, and Doppler echocardiographic variables. Multivariate analysis was used to further quantify the survival risks with adjustment for age at biopsy. Overall survival was measured from biopsy diagnosis to death. A survival curve was estimated with the Kaplan–Meier method. Receiver-operating characteristic curves were calculated, and area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the ability of each predictor to identify patients who died within 24 months of diagnosis. All analyses were conducted in SAS 9.3 (SAS Institute, Inc, Cary, NC). A value of P <0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.
Lithosphere of the Dharwar craton by joint inversion of P and S receiver functions

SUMMARY The Archean Dharwar craton in south India is known for long time to be different from most other cratons. Specifically, at station Hyderabad (HYB) the Ps converted phases from the 410and 660-km mantle discontinuities arrive up to 2 s later than in other cratons of comparable age, which implies lower upper mantle velocities. To resolve the unique lithosphere‐asthenosphere system of the Dharwar craton, we inverted jointly P and S receiver functions and teleseismic P and S traveltime residuals at 10 seismograph stations. This method operates in the same depth range as long-period surface waves but differs by much higher lateral and radial resolution. We observe striking differences in crustal structures between the eastern and western Dharwar craton (EDC and WDC, respectively): crustal thickness is of around 31 km, with predominantly felsic velocities, in the EDC and of around 55 km, with predominantly mafic velocities, in the WDC. In the mantle we observe significant variations in the P velocity with depth, practically without accompanying variations in the S velocity. In the mantle S velocity there are azimuthdependent indications of the Hales discontinuity at a depth of ∼100 km. The most conspicuous feature of our models is the lack of the high velocity mantle keel with the S velocity of ∼4.7 km s −1 , typical of other Archean cratons. The S velocity in our models is close to 4.5 km s −1 from the Moho to a depth of ∼250 km. There are indications of a similar upper mantle structure in the northeast of the Indian craton and of a partial recovery of the normal shield structure in the northwest. A division between the high S-velocity western Tibet and low S-velocity eastern Tibet may be related to a similar division between the northeastern and northwestern Indian craton.
Antiviral and Virucidal Properties of Essential Oils and Isolated Compounds – A Scientific Approach

Essential oils and isolated essential oil compounds are known to exert various pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Based on selected articles, this review deals with the potential antiviral and virucidal activities of essential oils and essential oil compounds together with their mechanism of action as well as in silico studies involving viral and host cell-specific target molecules that are indispensable for virus cell adsorption, penetration, and replication. The reported in vitro and in vivo studies highlight the baseline data about the latest findings of essential oils and essential oil compounds antiviral and virucidal effects on enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, taking into account available biochemical and molecular biological tests. The results of many in vitro studies revealed that several essential oils and essential oil compounds from different medicinal and aromatic plants are potent antiviral and virucidal agents that inhibit viral progeny by blocking different steps of the viral infection/replication cycle of DNA and RNA viruses in various host cell lines. Studies in mice infected with viruses causing respiratory diseases showed that different essential oils and essential oil compounds were able to prolong the life of infected animals, reduce virus titers in brain and lung tissues, and significantly inhibit the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In addition, some in vitro studies on hydrophilic nano-delivery systems encapsulating essential oils/essential oil compounds exhibited a promising way to improve the chemical stability and enhance the water solubility, bioavailabilty, and antiviral efficacy of essential oils and essential oil compounds. Antiviral and Virucidal Properties of Essential Oils and Isolated Compounds – A Scientific Approach Reviews
Intracoronary Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Single Ventricle Physiology The PERSEUS ( Cardiac Progenitor Cell Infusion to Treat Univentricular Heart Disease ) Randomized Phase 2 Trial

Survival in children born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome or related single ventricle physiology has improved dramatically in recent years because of advances in 3-stage surgical reconstruction to establish right heart–based systemic circulation. However, a recent single ventricle reconstruction trial has shown that transplantation-free survival at 3 years did not differ in patients randomized to receive a right ventricleto-pulmonary artery shunt compared with those who received a modified Blalock–Taussig (BT) shunt during first-stage Clinical Track
Reduced Listener-speaker Neural Coupling Underlies Speech Understanding Di�culty in Older Adults

An increasing number of studies have highlighted the importance of listener-speaker neural coupling in successful verbal communication. Whether the brain-to-brain coupling changes with healthy aging and the possible role of this change in the speech comprehension of older adults remain unexplored. In this study, we scanned with fMRI a young and an older speaker telling real-life stories, and then played the audio recordings to a group of young (N = 28, aged 19-27y) and a group of older adults during scanning (N = 27, aged 53-75y), respectively. The older listeners understood the speech less well than did the young listeners, and the age of the older listeners was negatively correlated with their level of speech understanding. Compared to the young listener-speaker dyads, the older dyads exhibited reduced neural couplings in both linguistic and extra-linguistic areas. Moreover, within the older group, the listener’s age was negatively correlated with the overall strength of interbrain coupling, which in turn was associated with reduced speech understanding. These results reveal the de�cits of older adults in achieving neural alignment with other brains, which may underlie the age-related decline in speech understanding.
Geomorphic Factors Related to the Persistence of Subsurface Oil from the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill

ABSTRACT Nixon, Z. ; Michel, J.; Hayes, M.O. ; Irvine, G.V. , and Short, J., 2013. Geomorphic factors related to the persistence of subsurface oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Oil from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill has persisted along shorelines of Prince William Sound, Alaska, for more than two decades as both surface and subsurface oil residues. To better understand the distribution of persistent subsurface oil and assess the potential need for further restoration, a thorough and quantitative understanding of the geomorphic factors controlling the presence or absence of subsurface oil is required. Data on oiling and geomorphic features were collected at 198 sites in Prince William Sound to identify and quantify the relationships among these geomorphic factors and the presence and absence of persistent subsurface oil. Geomorphic factors associated with the presence of subsurface oil were initial oil exposure, substrate permeability, topographic slope, low exposure to waves, armoring on gravel beaches, tombolos, natural breakwaters, and rubble accumulations. Geomorphic factors associated with the absence of subsurface oil were impermeable bedrock; platforms with thin sediment veneer; fine-grained, well-sorted gravel beaches with no armor; and low-permeability, raised bay-bottom beaches. Relationships were found between the geomorphic and physical site characteristics and the likelihood of encountering persistent subsurface oiling at those sites. There is quantitative evidence of more complex interactions between the overall wave energy incident at a site and the presence of fine-scale geomorphic features that may have provided smaller, local wave energy sheltering of oil. Similarly, these data provide evidence for interactions between the shoreline slope and the presence of angular rubble, with decreased likelihood for encountering subsurface oil at steeply sloped sites except at high-angle sheltered rubble shoreline locations. These results reinforce the idea that the interactions of beach permeability, stability, and site-specific wave exposure are key drivers for subsurface oil persistence in exposed and intermittently exposed mixed gravel beach and rocky shoreline environments.
Mollusk-isotope records of Plio-Pleistocene marine paleoclimate, U. S. Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain

Stable oxygen and carbon isotope profiles from fossil scallop shells provide detailed paleoenvironmental information for the Pliocene and early Pleistocene of the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain. Scallop specimens were collected from strata which represent at least five major marine transgressions. Minimum and maximum paleotemperatures were calculated from the {delta}{sup 18}O ranges recorded in each shell profile, after adjusting for changes in seawater {delta}{sup 18}O related to changes in global ice volume. Paleotemperature ranges from each stratigraphic unit were compared with modern conditions on the shelves of the Middle and South Atlantic Bight, and with paleotemperatures estimated by Hazel (1971b, 1988) from the ostracode faunas. The mollusk-isotope records indicate that the marine climate of the Atlantic Shelf was mild temperate during the deposition of the Sunken Meadow Member of the Yorktown Formation in the early Pliocene. The climate became warm temperate during the middle and late Pliocene transgressions which deposited the Rushmere, Morgarts Beach and Moore House Members of the Yorktown Formation and the Chowan River Formation. During the deposition of the James City Formation in the early Pleistocene, temperatures returned to a mild temperate climate similar to that of the modern Virginia Bight shelf. The character of the isotope profilesmore » indicates that hydrographic conditions were generally stable and similar to those of the modern Middle Atlantic Bight. The {delta}{sup 13}C profiles of most of the shells show trends suggestive of spring phytoplankton blooms and summer water-column stratification. Anomalies in several profiles are interpreted as reduced salinity events, probably related to river discharge, which most commonly occur in the spring. There is no convincing evidence in the shell profiles for upwelling. « less
Melamine-Induced Renal Toxicity Is Mediated by the Gut Microbiota

Melamine is converted to cyanuric acid by the gut microbe Klebsiella, leading to melamine-cyanurate-urate coprecipitation that is associated with nephrotoxicity. An Unwitting Microbial Culprit in Melamine Toxicity? A tragic incident in China in 2008 involving the deliberate and illicit supplementation of milk with melamine resulted in the deaths of children from renal failure and highlighted the toxicity of this compound. In a new study, Zheng et al. study the toxicity of melamine in rats and report that microbial metabolism of melamine is crucial for forming the key metabolite that causes kidney damage. They discover that a species of Klebsiella can form cyanuric acid from melamine, which then forms complex precipitates that lead to kidney stone formation. The gut microbiota in general play an important role in human health and are known to affect the metabolism and toxicity of a number of drugs. The new findings suggest that individual variation in the gut microbial composition of children exposed to melamine may have been important in the observed patterns of mortality in exposed individuals. Melamine poisoning has become widely publicized after a recent occurrence of renal injury in infants and children exposed to melamine-tainted milk in China. This renal damage is believed to result from kidney stones formed from melamine and uric acid or from melamine and its cocrystallizing chemical derivative, cyanuric acid. However, the composition of the stones and the mechanism by which the stones are formed in the renal tubules are unknown. We report that cyanuric acid can be produced in the gut by microbial transformation of melamine and serves as an integral component of the kidney stones responsible for melamine-induced renal toxicity in rats. Melamine-induced toxicity in rats was attenuated and melamine excretion increased after antibiotic suppression of gut microbial activity. We further demonstrated that melamine is converted to cyanuric acid in vitro by bacteria cultured from normal rat feces; Klebsiella was subsequently identified in fecal samples by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. In culture, Klebsiella terrigena was shown to convert melamine to cyanuric acid directly. Rats colonized by K. terrigena showed exacerbated melamine-induced nephrotoxicity. Cyanuric acid was detected in the kidneys of rats administered melamine alone, and the concentration after Klebsiella colonization was increased. These findings suggest that the observed toxicity of melamine may be conditional on the exact composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiota.
Automated multimode phase speed measurements for high-resolution regional-scale tomography: application to North America

SUMMARY A fully automated method for obtaining multimode phase speed measurements from a single seismogram has been developed and applied to a large data set of three-component longperiod seismograms in North America, constructing high-resolution phase speed maps on a continental scale. The method of our phase speed estimation is based on a fully non-linear waveform inversion by Yoshizawa & Kennett working with a global search method (the Neighbourhood Algorithm). The entire process of waveform fitting and the evaluation of the estimated phase speed have been fully automated employing several empirical quantitative measures, assessing the quality of waveform fit and the relative contributions of each mode in a chosen time window. The measured phase speed data undergo automatic screening for quality control, comprising the threshold evaluation of their reliability and outlier detection and removal. This new automated method has been applied to a large data set recorded at North American stations, including the latest transportable stations of USArray. Using long-period three-component seismograms recorded during the past eight years, we have successfully retrieved large numbers of regional surface wave paths, including over 20000 paths for the fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves over a wide range of frequencies, and over 10000 paths for the higher mode Rayleigh as well as the fundamental-mode Love waves. The consistentresultsoftheautomatedmeasurementproceduresuggestthatthemethodworkswell at regional distances, allowing us to perform a high-resolution mapping of multimode phase speeds in North America. The results of the automated waveform analysis also indicate some intrinsic limitations in the higher mode phase speed measurements from a single seismogram particularly in the short period range, mainly due to the overlapping of higher mode arrivals as well as coupling between mode branches. Despite such an innate difficulty in the higher mode dispersion measurements, the automated method allows us to construct reliable multimode phase speed maps. The current data set of ray paths is significantly biased towards the western half of North America, resulting in non-uniform horizontal resolution across the continent. This issue will be resolved by the future migration of the USArray stations to cover the central and eastern United States. The new automated method can be a useful tool for high-resolution mapping of regional 3-D shear wave structure including possible anisotropy.
Model simulations of the drift and spread of the Exxon Valdez oil spill

Abstract In this paper the drift and spread of the Exxon Valdez oil spill that occurred on 24 March 1989 are simulated using a modified version of the Canadian Atmospheric Environment Service oil spill behaviour model. The model simulations show that the movement of the oil out of Prince William Sound and beyond is sensitive to the wind/ocean current combination. The net drift of the oil with wind and ocean currents taken into account is three to four times that with either wind or ocean currents alone. Although a 12‐d drift of the spill containing the higher concentrations of oil parcels is in very good agreement with observations, model simulations show the presence of oil farther to the south, albeit in lower concentrations. The lateral spread of the oil is also very well simulated by the model.
Age and geometry of an aborted rift flank collapse: the San Andres fault system, El Hierro, Canary Islands

The catastrophic slope failures and landslides that occur in the final stages of lateral collapses of volcanoes destroy much of the evidence for precursory deformation and the early stages of the collapses concerned. Aborted or incomplete collapse structures, although rare, are rich sources of information on these stages of development of catastrophic collapses. The San Andres fault system, on the volcanic island of El Hierro, is a relatively young (between about 545 and about 261–176 ka old) but inactive lateral collapse structure. It appears to represent an aborted giant landslide. It is developed along the flank of a steep-sided volcanic rift zone, and is bounded by a discrete strike-slip fault zone at the up-rift end, closest to the centre of the island. This geometry differs markedly from that of collapse structures on stratovolcanoes but bears some similarities to that of active fault systems on Hawaii. Although the fault system has undergone little erosion, cataclasites which formed close to the palaeosurface are well exposed. These cataclasites are amongst the first fault rocks to be described from volcano lateral collapse structures and include the only pseudotachylytes to have been identified in such structures to date. Their development at unusually shallow depths is attributed to large movements on the fault in a single event, the inferred aborted landslide, and a lack of pressurized pore water. The absence of pressurized fluids in the slumping block may have caused the San Andres fault system to cease moving, rather than develop into a giant volcanic landslide. The recognition that the San Andres fault system is inactive greatly reduces the estimated volcanic hazard associated with El Hierro. However, the lack of evidence for precursory deformation prior to the aborted landslide event is disturbing as it implies that giant lateral collapses can occur on steep-sided oceanic islands with little warning.