Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FNAC study of thyroid lesions using the Bethesda system

Background: The most reliable, safe, cost-effective and accurate way to evaluate thyroid nodule is cytology, which has become the standard of care. As there is a 10% lifetime risk of developing a thyroid nodule, screening thyroid nodules had turned out to become a common medical problem affecting the general population. According to the guidelines of American association of clinical endocrinologists, fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] is the gold standard method available for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid swelling and is the most commonly performed non-gynaecological cytological procedure. Aims: To study the cytomorphological features and to classify cytologically the thyroid lesions based on the Bethesda system. Methods and Material: The present descriptive study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 3 years to analyse the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions and classify them cytologically according to the Bethesda system. Results: 40 cases were classified as unsatisfactory, 328 cases as benign, 5 cases as AUS, 23 cases as FN/ HCN, 1 case as SFM and 3 cases as malignant. Out of 328 cases in benign category, 281cases belonged to BFNsubcategory which was the most common non-neoplastic lesion of thyroid.The age range of patients presenting with the thyroid lesion was from 7-75 years. Maximum number of cases i.e. 116 were in the age group 31-40 years followed by 95 cases in the age group 21-30 years. Maximum cases in the benign category belonged to the age group of 31- 40 years. Maximum cases [10 out of 23 cases] in the follicular neoplasm category were seen in the age group ranging 21-40 years. Out of 400 cases, females [359] cases outnumbered male [41] cases contributing 89.75% and 10.25% respectively with male to female ratio of 1:8.7. There was overall female preponderance seen in all diagnostic categories of TBSRTC. 5 cases diagnosed as AUS in our study were according to recommended criteria mentioned in Bethesda system i.e. less than 7%. One case each of PTC, MTC and UTC were seen in malignant category in our study. Conclusions: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) helped to communicate interpretations of thyroid FNAC to referring physicians in terms that are short, concise and clinically helpful and it will also be a source of information for pathologists as well.
An Incentive-Compatible Energy Trading Framework for Neighborhood Area Networks With Shared Energy Storage

Here, a novel energy trading system is proposed for demand-side management of a neighborhood area network (NAN) consisting of a shared energy storage (SES) provider, users with non-dispatchable energy generation, and an electricity retailer. In a leader–follower Stackelberg game, the SES provider first maximizes their revenue by setting a price signal and trading energy with the grid. Then, by following the SES provider's actions, the retailer minimizes social cost for the users, i.e., the sum of the total users’ cost when they interact with the SES and the total cost for supplying grid energy to the users. A pricing strategy, which incorporates mechanism design, is proposed to make the system incentive-compatible by rewarding users who disclose true energy usage information. A unique Stackelberg equilibrium is achieved where the SES provider's revenue is maximized and the user-level social cost is minimized, which also rewards the retailer. A case study with realistic energy demand and generation data demonstrates 28–45% peak demand reduction of the NAN, depending on the number of participating users, compared to a system without SES. Simulation results confirm that the retailer can also benefit financially, in addition to the SES provider and the users.
PIPE CATOCA, AN EXAMPLE OF THE WEAKLY ERODED KIMBERLITES FROM NORTH-EAST OF ANGOLA

Catoca pipe, which is located in the Catoca kimberlite field of the Lyuanda Norte Province, North-East of Angola, can be considered as a model of the wide range of weakly eroded diatrems founded in the region. These pipes are concentrated in the area of the Archaean basement consolidation (Craton Angola-Kassai) and their location controlled by the Lucapa regional faults zone of NE direction. The faults zone is 55-85km wide and 1200km long on the Angola territory, and can be traced for another 400km on the territory of Zair, where position of kimberlite bodies are also related to this zone (Reis, 1972). In the SouthWest part of this structure a lots of pipe-shaped carbonatite bodies and alkaline rocks massives are present together with kimberlites. Carbonatite bodies can be easy diagnosed when they outcrop on the surface, but partly they are covered by siliceous breccias and fenitized rocks. As a rule, kimberlite pipes are located in the zones of the intersection of the NE and NW direction faults. The faults are linear basement dislocations accompanied by the system of the peripheral faults. The territory along the Luembe, Chiumbe, Luachimo and Chicapa rivers is the most well studied part of the Catoca field.
Management of Acute Renal Failure in Iraqi Children below 3 years

Background: Acute renal failure is a clinical syndrome in which a sudden deterioration in renal function results in the inability of the kidneys to maintain fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Objective: To study cases of acute renal failure in children below three years of age in respect to etiology, presentation, laboratory findings and management. Patients and Methods: A study of patients below 3 years of age with acute renal failure admitted at Al- No’man teaching hospital and were followed up in Pediatric Nephrology department in Al-Zahrawee hospital during the period from the 1st of October 2013 to the 1st of October 2015. Results: Forty patients with acute renal failure aging below three years old were included in this study. There were 29 (72.5%) male and 11(27.5%) female children giving male to female ratio of 2.6:1.Most common presentation was decreased urine output and acidotic breathing. Most common complication was seizure in 6(50%) cases. About 14(65.6%) cases needed peritoneal dialysis, 8( 34.4% ) cases responded to medical management, while8(15%) cases died. Conclusion : Acute renal failure in infants and young children below 3 years of age is not uncommon.It is a preventable disease because most cases are due to pre-renal causes. Prevention and rapid correction of severe dehydration may prevent acute renal failure and consequent complications and death.
Actual Temporal Resolution of Cardiac CT from Different Scanners and Actual Coronary Artery

Purpose: To provide better understanding in acquisition and interpretation of cardiac CT by analyzing actual temporal resolution (TR) of MDCTs and actual coronary artery movement. Material and Methods: The rotating phantom consisting of cylindrical polyethylene background with acetal cores was used. EKG gated cardiac CT scans of the phantom were taken under various protocols for four different CT machine on variable RPM with simulated EKG signals. Actual TR of the scan was calculated from the angle of the trace of acetal cores’ motion. Biplane coronary angiography was obtained from 20 patients. The anteroposterial and true lateral projections were separated into serial bitmap still images and the eight landmarks from branching points were selected. The scale was corrected from the Z-axis value and was converted to absolute scale. The three dimensional velocities and total path distances for 100 ms were calculated for each point by vector analysis. Results: The actual TR of cardiac scan was measured as 88.9 ms, 138.4 ms, 196.1 ms, 199.8 ms, 132.8 ms, and 90.8 ms from Siemens Somatom Definition Flash, Philips Brilliance iCT, GE
Enteric Diarrheal Disease in Sheep Specially Campylobacter Infection

TOTAL of 75 faecal samples were collected from 30 ……. apparently normal and 45 diarrheic sheep. The bacteriological examination revealed isolation of C. jejuni and C. coli from 9 (12%) and 3 (4%) of examined sheep respectively. The prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli were higher in the diarrheic sheep (15.6%) and (4.4%) than the apparently healthy (6.66%) and (3.33%) respectively. Campylobacter isolates were identified biochemically and serologically and using pathogenicity test two antigens cytotoxin and whole cell antigens associated with campylobacter. Campylobacter whole cell and cytotoxins were identified for their immunogenic activity by neutralization test and ELISA. Campylobacter isolates were also tested for susceptibility against 9 antibiotics.
Performance of herbicides in transplanted basmati rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

A field experiment was conducted in rice during kharif season 2017 at Shri Guru Ram Rai (P.G) Collage Dehradun, (Uttarakhand). The experiment was conducted in R.B. D with three replications comprising ten treatments of weed management viz., weedy in unpuddled condition, weed free in unpuddled condition, Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. /ha in unpuddled condition, Oxyflorfen @ 200 g a.i./ha in unpuddled condition, Pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g a.i./ha in unpuddled condition, weedy in puddled condition, weed free in puddled condition, Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. /ha in puddled condition, Oxyflorfen @ 200 g a.i./ha in puddled condition, Pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g a.i./ha in puddled condition. The results showed that chemical methods of weed control significantly reduced the weed population effectively over weedy check. The tallest plants, highest dry matter accumulation were recorded with the application of Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i./ha over rest of the herbicides in puddled and unpuddled conditions. With the application of Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i./ha the per cent increase in grains and straw yield was 46.1 & 39 and 40.15 & 47.78 as compared to weedy check in both conditions.
A STUDY OF PURCHASE INTENTION ON SMARTPHONES OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN HONG KONG

Under the rapid development of recent years, the demand for smartphones is becoming morea and more important for people. It has become one of the indispensable communication tools in our lives. College students as important consumer of the electronic markets became the objectives of our research. They also determine the mainstream development trend of the smartphone markets. This research provides a marketing strategy for the smartphone market by understanding the consuming characteristics of college students and the factors in purchasing mobile phone brands combined with their needs. This research can help the mobile phone companies understand college students’ requirements for selecting smartphones and understand the factors that can affect college students in making decision when they are buying mobile phones. This study selected five factors to study the relationship between perceived quality, brand loyalty, electronic word of mouth, product design, brand awareness and purchase intention. The relationships between brand loyalty, brand awareness and purchase intention are proved to be significant whilst perceived quality, electronic word of mouth and product design do not affect purchase intention from the findings in this research. Therefore, smartphone manufacturers should pay attention to brand loyalty and brand awareness, thereby increasing the purchase intention of Hong Kong college students.
Genetic Diversity in Exotic Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.)

: Genetic divergence among 11 eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) genotypes was estimated using Mahalanobis D Statistic. The 11 genotypes were grouped into four distinct clusters. Cluster I comprises 4 2 genotypes, cluster II had 3, Cluster III and IV had 2 genotypes respectively. The highest and the lowest intra cluster distance were observed in cluster II (1.216) and cluster IV (0.047), respectively. The highest inter cluster distance was between clusters I and III (8.757) while it was the lowest between clusters I and II (2.203). Fruit weight, Fruit length, flower petiole length, fruit breadth, plant height and yield per plant had the highest contribution towards total divergence. Cluster III recorded the highest means for number of flowers per inflorescence, north-south plant canopy, leaf petiole length, leaf blade length, number of secondary branches per plant and no. of fruits per plant. Whereas, number of nodes of first flowering, east-west plant canopy, flower pedicel length, leaf petiole diameter, fruit length plant height and yield per plant were in cluster IV with the highest means. Cluster IV also contained the lowest mean for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and days to fruit maturity which is desirable for earliness. Cluster I have the highest mean values for flower pedicel diameter, leaf blade width, number of primary branches per plant, fruit weight and fruit breadth. Therefore more emphasis should be given on cluster I, III and IV for selecting genotypes as parents for future breeding program which may produce new recombinants with desired traits. Moderate to high Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index was found among the genotypes for most of the studied characters.
Transfer Learning for Rain Detection in Images

Extreme weather conditions seem to occur stronger and more frequently due to climate change. Very expensive technology is used to predict them, which results problematic when they have to be used in less developed countries. An alternative could be to employ digital sensors, such as phone cameras or existing webcam infrastructures, widely distributed in many countries in the world, and to analyse the captured images. Many methods have been proposed for weather detection including also Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The latter have recently become very popular in the field of computer vision due to their excellent performance in image recognition tasks. However, CNNs are characterized by a high number of learnable parameters that need an equally high number of data points to achieve good performance. Since very big dataset are hardly available, techniques that help to overcome this problem, such as transfer learning, can be used. Different are the transfer learning approaches: the fine-tuning approach, i.e. re-training all the network layers, and the freezing layers approach, i.e. re-training just a subset of the network layers. In collaboration with IBM Netherlands Center for Advance Studies, we optimized a ResNet-18 architecture, modifying the architecture depth and applying regularization methods, to perform weather detection of images showing rain or no-rain conditions. The architecture was previously trained on the ImageNet dataset and then, through the fine-tuning approach, we re-trained the network layers using as training data points weather images captured by webcams distributed in The Netherland, Belgium and London. In particular, we collected a dataset composed by 397041 images showing scenarios such as city roads, urban and rural areas. We also adopted the freezing layer approach on an optimized ResNet-18 architecture and made comparison between the two approaches in relation to weather detection task.
Bacteriological and Proximate Analyses of Hogplum [ Spondias Mombins ] and African Star Apple [ Chrysophyllum Albidium ] Fruits in ADO-EKITI STATE. EKITI STATE, NIGERIA.

: Fruits are among the most important foods of mankind. Microbiological and Proximate/analyses of two Fruits [Hogplum [ Spondias mombins ] and African star Apple [ Chrysophyllium albidium ]] were studied. The samples were plated using pour plate methods. The total plate count was 3.8 x 10 4 CFU/g and the total coliform count was 2.1 x 10 4 CFU/g for S. mombins and 5.2 x 10 4 CFU/g and 1.9 x 10 4 CFU/g for C. albidium . A total of 29 bacteria were isolated with seven [7] bacteria genera were identified from the two fruit samples. Bacillus cereus 7[24.1%], Staphylococcus aureus 6[20.7%], Pseudomonas vulgaris 6[20.7%], Escherichia coli 5[17.2%], Bacillus licheniformis 2[6.9%], Enterobacter aerogenes 2[6.9%] and Lactobacillus plantarum 1[3.5%]. The nutritional and antinutitional antibiotics, since antimicrobials are used in fruits production to control pathogens on the field. The antibiotics used includes; Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Nitrofurantoin, Erythromycin, Cefuroxime, Ceftazidine, Cefoxin, Tetracycline, Streptomycin, Co-trimoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, Augumentin, Chloramphenicol and Ofloxacin. Therefore, S. mombins and C. albidium amongst the wild fruits in the tropical forest that can serve as good source of vitamins and minerals and can be recommended as fruit snacks for the obese and diabetics.
A puri¢ed mutant HemA protein from Salmonellaentericaserovar Typhimurium lacks bound heme and is defective for heme-mediated regulation invivo

Archaea, plants, and most bacteria synthesize heme using the C5 pathway, in which the ﬁrst committed step is catalyzed by the enzyme glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR or HemA). In some cases, an overproduced and puriﬁed HemA enzyme contains noncovalently bound heme. The enteric bacteria Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli also synthesize heme by the C5 pathway, and the HemA protein in these bacteria is regulated by proteolysis. The enzyme is unstable during normal growth due to the action of Lon and ClpAP, but becomes stable when heme is limiting for growth. We describe a method for the overproduction of S. enterica HemA that yields a puriﬁed enzyme containing bound heme, identiﬁed as a b -type heme by spectroscopy. A mutant of HemA (C170A) does not contain heme when similarly puriﬁed. The mutant was used to test whether heme is directly involved in HemA regulation. When expressed from the S. enterica chromosome in a wild-type background, the C170A mutant allele of hemA is levels of of status. These results strongly suggest that the presence of bound heme targets the for degradation and is required for normal regulation. enterica bound heme. We been able to show a single mutation (C170A) two effects: it blocks regulation by stabilizing HemA, and it results in the production of protein that not bound heme. We suggest that these effects are related and that they support the regulatory model in which binding of heme to the HemA enzyme in vivo triggers protease attack. Interference with this binding is likely to be part of the mechanism of stabilization.
Twelve weeks of sprint interval training increases maximal cardiac output

The improved maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O 2max ) after traditional moderate intensity continuous 20 training (MICT) is generally attributed to increased maximal cardiac output (Q̇ max ). Sprint 21 interval training (SIT) increases V̇O 2max similar to MICT despite a lower training volume, but the 22 effect on Q̇ max is unclear. Purpose: To determine the effect of ~30 sessions of SIT over 12 weeks 23 on Q̇ max and its association with the change in V̇O 2max . Methods: 15 healthy untrained adults [6 24 males, 9 females; 21±2 y (mean±SD)] performed a SIT protocol involving 3x20-s ‘all-out’ 25 cycling bouts (581±221 W) within a 10-min period. V̇O 2max was determined using a ramp test to 26 exhaustion. Q̇ max was determined using inert gas rebreathing over a 2-min period at a workload 27 that elicited V̇O 2max during the measurement period. All variables were assessed twice at baseline 28 following familiarization and again after 2, 6 and 12 weeks of SIT. Reproducibility of V̇O 2max 29 and Q̇ max , determined using the baseline measures and expressed as a coefficient of variation, 30 were 5.8 and 4.7%, respectively. Results: V̇O 2max increased from 2.65±0.85 at baseline to 31 2.85±9.6, 3.03±1.1 and 3.18±1.1 L/min after 2, 6 and 12 weeks, respectively (p<0.001 for all). 32 Q̇ max increased from 17.2±3.8 at baseline to 18.1±4.6 L/min after 12 weeks (p=0.04) but was not 33 different after 2 (17.2±4.2; p=0.96) or 6 weeks (17.9±4.4; p=0.14). The changes in V̇O 2max and 34 Q̇ max from baseline to 12 weeks were positively correlated (r 2 =0.46, p=0.005). Secondary 35 exploratory analyses revealed that males increased Q̇ max after 6 and 12 weeks, but there was no 36 change in females. Conclusion: The increase in V̇O 2max after 12 weeks of SIT is associated with 37 an increase in Q̇ max , and there may be sex-specific differences in this regard.
Factors Influencing Assessment Conceptions among Basic School Teachers: A Multiple Analysis of Variance

: This study examined teacher variables that influence assessment conceptions of basic school teachers in the Sissala East Municipality of Ghana. Gender, academic levels, class assigned, teaching experience, age and assessment-based training were investigated to determine the effects of these individual variables on the teachers’ conception of assessment. The data for this study were collected and analyzed using a strictly quantitative approach. Teachers Conception of Assessment III was used to collect data from 204 teachers. Using multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA), out of the six variables included in the study, the results revealed that the main effect for gender was significant, Wilks’ Lambda = . 95, F (4, 198) = 2.53, p < . 05; multivariate η2 = 0.05. A follow-up Bonferroni adjustment analysis, the dependent variables were verified individually, and the only variable to attain a difference in statistical significance was improvement assessment conception, F (1, 201) = 6.56, p = . 011, partial eta squared = . 03. An analysis of the mean scores revealed that females recorded marginally higher levels of improvement conception ( M = 4.84, SD = .55) than males ( M = 4.63, SD = .59). It is therefore recommended that stake holders should ensure the development of ways to improve the assessment literacy of especially male teachers.
MDM2 Protein-mediated Ubiquitination of NUMB Protein IDENTIFICATION OF A SECOND PHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTRATE OF MDM2 THAT EMPLOYS A DUAL-SITE DOCKING MECHANISM PHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTRATE

Background: MDM2 uses a dual-site mechanism to ubiquitinate p53, involving the acidic domain. Results: MDM2 acid domain binds NUMB and is critical for NUMB ubiquitination. Conclusion: Small molecule ligands that target the acid domain of MDM2 stabilize Numb and activate tumor suppressor activities of p53 in cells. Significance: NUMB regulates steady-state levels of p53 in cells by disrupting p53-MDM2 acidic domain interactions.
A p-extremal length and p-capacity equality

Let G be a domain in the compactified euclidean n-space R"=R"v {co}, let E and F be disjoint non-empty compact sets in the closure of G. We associate two numbers with this geometric configuration as follows. Let Mp(E, F,G) be the pmodulus (reciprocal of the p-extremal length) of the family of curves connecting E and F in G. Let capp (E, F, G) be the p-capacity of E and F relative to G, defined as the infimum of the numbers fG Vu(x)] p dm(x) where u is an ACL function in G with boundary values 0 and 1 on E and F, respectively. We show in this paper that capp (E, F, G)--Mp(E, F, G) whenever E and F do not intersect OG. This generalizes Ziemer's [7] result where he makes the assumption that either E or F contains the complement of an open n-ball. We also obtain a continuity theorem (Theorem 5.9) for the p-modulus and a theorem (Theorem 4.15) on the kinds of densities that can be used in computing the p-modulus.
On the Global Ecology of Elliptical Galaxies

A model is developed for determining the total mass of gas ejected by stars in elliptical galaxies and the total mass remaining in stars as the galaxies evolve for a wide range of power law initial mass functions (IMFs). The calculated stellar mass-to-light ratio must agree with observed values at the present time. This constraint significantly restricts the slope of the IMF. The current stellar mass-to-light ratio, the evolution of galactic colors, and the mass and metal abundance in the intracluster gas all indicate that the slope of the appropriate IMF for elliptical galaxies is in the range 0.7 + or - 0.3 rather than the Salpeter value of 1.35. With this restriction, it is possible to determine the excess mass that has cooled within ellipticals for any assumed time when galactic cooling flows began. Unless star formation or galactic winds persisted until 10 to the 9th yr, the mass of cooled-off gas can exceed both the mass of hot gas observed today and typical stellar-core masses. 45 references.