Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Group size and termite consumption in the armadillo lizard, Cordylus cataphractus

We investigated possible differences in the consumption of termites ( Microhodotermes viator ) by individuals in different sized groups of Cordylus cataphractus during different times of the year. Scats, collected once a month from small (2-3 individuals), medium (4-10 individuals) and large C. cataphractus groups (more than 10 individuals), from January to December 2005, were analysed for the presence of termite head material. We found termite consumption to be generally greater in larger than smaller groups throughout the year, but only significantly so during the dry months, March and April. Individuals in all group categories utilized termites throughout the year, but consumption was low at the end of winter, a time when general insect abundance is high. We conclude that termitophagy is important to individuals living in large groups, particularly during the dry period of the year, most probably to reduce intragroup competition for food.
MIMETIC ISOMORPHISM AS A REASON FOR PREPARING SUSTAINABILITY REPORT

Abstrak: Isomorfisme Mimetik sebagai Alasan Pembuatan Laporan Keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah perusahaan di Indonesia membuat laporan keberlanjutan karena isomorfisme mimetik dan apakah pemegang saham menghargai laporan keberlanjutan tersebut. Regresi logistik dan regresi efek tetap digunakan sebagai metode pada perusahaan nonkeuangan yang terdaftar pada tahun 2014-2016 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketika perusahaa di Indonesia membuat laporan keberlanjutan berdasarkan isomorfisme mimetik, investor meresponnya dengan hati-hati. Mereka sangat cermat dalam merespon setiap informasi yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan harus menunjukkan kepedulian mereka pada CSR dengan kualitas laporan keberlanjutan mereka. Abstract: Mimetic Isomorphism as a Reason for Preparing Sustainability Report. This study aims to examine whether companies in Indonesia make sustainability reports because of mimetic isomorphism and whether shareholders appreciate the sustainability report. Logistic regression and permanent regression are used as a method for non-financial companies listed in 2014-2016 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research shows that when companies in Indonesia produce sustainability reports based on mimetic isomorphism, investors respond carefully. They are meticulous in responding to every available information. Therefore, companies must show their concern for CSR with the quality of their sustainability reports.
First data on population estimates and dispersal of Montenegrina subcristata – a field study at Virpazar, Montenegro

Background. In this study a population of the rock dwelling terrestrial gastropod Montenegrina subcristata was monitored over one season and data about life cycle, population density and dispersal were gathered. Three study sites (A, B, C) near Virpazar, Montenegro were selected. Snails were categorized into three size classes. (1) The smallest juveniles were counted but not marked because of their tiny and dainty shell, middle sized snails (2) were marked with a dot and (3) larger subadults and adults were marked with an individual number. The sites were observed 25 times from April to October 2017. The study sites were equipped with data loggers to register microclimate data like temperature and humidity. Based on counts and recapture counts population estimates were calculated. Positions of the snails were recorded throughout the season and minimum distances between each two observations were calculated.Results. Small juveniles (not marked) were observed in high numbers at the beginning of the season and disappeared during summer. Site C had to be excluded from the calculations because snails nearly disappeared as early as the second visit. Population size estimations of sites A and B provided similar results for the beginning of the season, whereas for June the high estimates stood in high contrast to the number of observed snails in that period. Concerning "minimum distances" (MD; distance between two subsequent observations), the majority of MDs with a 1-week interval resulted in 0–0.1m. Yet, some individuals were more mobile, with sums of MDs over the season of up to 8.0 m. The sum of MDs over the season was on average 1.6 m (sites A+B). The temperature and humidity curves of the data loggers showed a seasonal pattern. The average temperatures of all three sites were rather similar. However, daily oscillations in temperature and humidity were high in some periods and differed between sites. In site C temperature and humidity extremes and fluctuations were pronouncedly higher, with the highest temperatures reaching more than 60 °C and relative humidity dropping each day below 3.7% in June.Conclusions. Dispersal ability is in general low but single individuals might cover distances of at least several meters over the season. Together with further observations we conclude that fluctuations of population size can be considerable and might be strongly influenced by climatic conditions. On the other hand, also population estimates may be influenced by climatic conditions. This study provided first hints to assess the potential of migration, local extinction and recolonization in Montenegrina and other rock dwelling snails.
Phenotypic plasticity of body size in Drosophila: effects of a daily periodicity of growth temperature in two sibling species

Abstract. Variation of wing and thorax length under thermoperiodic growth conditions was analysed in four strains of two sibling species, Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans, from two European localities. Results were compared to those obtained with constant temperatures ranging from 12 to 31 °C.
A review of Bahamian ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) biogeography

Abstract. The results of recent surveys for ants on Staniel Cay, Exumas (and surrounding small cays) and the northeastern region of Andros are presented. These records are compiled with all previously published collection records of ants from the Bahamas into a single database. A list of all known Bahamian species is presented, in accord with current taxonomy. Distributions within the Bahamas are given, along with the status of each species with reference to its origin (endemic, native, or exotic). At present seventy‐five named species of ants are known from the Bahamas, which shares 60% of its ant fauna with Florida and 71% with Cuba. More than one third of the species (37%) are exotics, which appear to exist primarily in areas characterized by human disturbance, and apparently have not invaded the native vegetation to a large degree.
Germinação e crescimento in vitro de Cattleya bicolor Lindley (Orchidaceae)

A germinacao de sementes de orquideas in vitro vem sendo utilizada desde o inicio do seculo passado. Apesar disso, o conhecimento disponivel a respeito da composicao nutricional dos meios de cultura que favorecem a germinacao e o crescimento in vitro de orquideas ainda e bastante escasso. Diante da ameaca de extincao da Cattleya bicolor e devido a escassez de conhecimento a respeito da germinacao e do crescimento in vitro dessa especie, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influencia do meio de cultura na germinacao in vitro de suas sementes, no desenvolvimento inicial dos protocormos ate a formacao das plântulas, bem como avaliar o crescimento das plântulas ate os primeiros doze meses de cultivo in vitro. Os resultados mostraram que o meio de cultura ideal para a germinacao in vitro das sementes e para o desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas de Cattleya bicolor e o de Vacin & Went. Recomenda-se que apos seis meses de cultivo as plântulas sejam transferidas para o meio MS ou VW, que promovem o desenvolvimento das plântulas, e mante-las em um destes meios de cultura ate o inicio da aclimatizacao. Tais informacoes sao de grande importância para a otimizacao do processo de propagacao das especies de orquideas nativas do Brasil.
The blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Bioko (Republic of Equatorial Guinea) and the Gulf of Guinea with a description of the larvae of the ‘Pomeroy’ form of Simulium cervicornutum

Abstract Like many other organisms, Simuliidae often show a high degree of endemism on oceanic islands, and the Gulf of Guinea, including its islands, is a region of general biogeographical interest in view of the uniqueness of its flora and fauna. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Simuliidae in the region, and is the first faunistic record of blackflies from Bioko. Simuliidae (larvae, pupae and neonate adults) were collected from Bioko and from around Mount Cameroon and compared with previous findings from Mount Cameroon, Príncipe and São Tomé. Twenty‐seven species are known from the region. Twenty‐five species have been recorded around Mount Cameroon, eight species on Bioko, three species on São Tomé and one species on Príncipe. Two taxonomic ‘forms’ (one on Bioko alone, and one on both Bioko and around Mount Cameroon) and one species (found only on São Tomé) are endemic to the region. A study of the variation in the morphology of Simulium cervicornutum revealed two morphotypes, one from Bioko and around Mount Cameroon and the other from the rest of Africa. The speciation and biogeography of the Simuliidae in the Gulf of Guinea are discussed.
The nutrient intake of laying hens given a choice of diets, in relation to their production requirements

1. Sixty individually‐caged birds, each of two stocks, were offered either a complete diet (11.2 MJ ME, 173 g crude protein and 32 g Ca per kilogram) or a choice between the same diet and ground barley. All diets were offered ad libitum from 41 to 56 weeks of age. 2. Weight gain, rate of lay, mean egg weight, egg output, shell thickness and total food intake were unaffected by the treatments in either stock. 3. The mean intake of the complete diet was 825 and 845 g/kg of total intake with standard deviations between individuals of 73 and 61 g/kg respectively in the two stocks. 4. In birds given a choice of diet the one selected was related to output (P < 0.01).
Moderating Effect of Customer Engagement on New Product Development Capability and New Product Performance in Baby-Diaper Industry in Nigeria

been less significant of the total diaper market despite adopting low cost strategy (Euromonitor International, 2018). What is missing? One argument put forward by marketing scholars is that the processes involved in NPD has gone beyond it been an intra-organization responsibility, to one that involve obtaining information primarily from the customers (Fidel et al., 2015) particularly through customer engagement which involve creating platforms for customers to participate in the production process (cocreation responsibility) (Mu, 2015; Mu et al., 2018). While prior empirical studies on NPD have position its effect on organizational performance (Chang, Bai & Li, 2015; Feng et al., 2018; McCann & Bahl, 2016; Sok & O'Cass, 2015; Song & Chen, 2014), these studies did not consider the link between NPD and customer engagement and how it can influence new product performance. Abstract: Purpose: This study assessed the effect of new product development on new product performance of selected manufacturers of baby-diapers in Lagos State, Nigeria, more so, it examined the moderating effect of customer engagement on the relationship between new product development and new product performance. Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design and a sample of 262 employees of three manufacturers of baby-diapers in Lagos State, Nigeria. The hierarchical regression analysis to test two-way interaction hypotheses was conducted. Findings: The results show that new product development has a positive and significant effect on new product performance (R2 =0.273, F(1,260) =97.409, p =0.000). Further analysis shows that customer engagement explained the increase experienced in new product performance (ΔR2 = 0.168, ΔF(1,559) = 77.565, p =0.000) with the introduction of customer engagement as a moderator. Implications: The findings suggest the need for Product and Marketing managers in the baby-diaper industry to imbibe innovative production management process. This is because such innovative production process can serve as a strategy to manage erratic customer behaviours, disrupt competitive rivalry in new product development, and position the new product development offering to have unique appeal to the customers. Also it is imperative for management to create platforms to reach out to customers particularly during the new product development process; this is because it helps to harvest first-hand information regarding what the consumers will buy repeatedly.
The reef fisheries surrounding the south‐west coastal cities of Madagascar

The artisanal fishery in south-west Madagascar, around the coastal cities of Morondava, Morombe and Tulear, is particularly active. In the Morombe and Tulear regions, fishing pressure focuses on coral formations close to landing sites and reef fish constitute the main part of the catch (Lethrinidae, Haemulidae, Siganidae). In Morondava, fishing is practised very close to the shore on sandy substrates, but also on offshore reef shallows. The catches are more diverse and made up of reef fish (Serranidae, Lutjanidae) and non-reef species. Fishing from Morondava targets the highest trophic level of the coral reefs (piscivores/macroinvertebrate feeders: 87% of the catch) whereas in Tulear and Morombe the higher fishing effort means that lower trophic levels are targeted to maintain catches. Despite the high fishing effort, especially around Morombe and Tulear (standardizing fishing effort of 5200 hook h km–2 year–1 and of 12 300 hook h km–2 year–1, respectively), the catch per unit effort (CPUE) is still relatively high; it varies from 0.6 to 2 kg h-1 per person over the whole zone and seems to be more linked to the fishing method used and to the degree of professionalism than to variations in the abundance of the resources surrounding the three cities. The relatively high CPUE can probably be explained by a continual immigration and/or recruitment on these fishing grounds. The fish originate from sectors that are far from towns and weakly exploited. A sociological study was carried out concurrently with the fishing survey and focused on present-day transformations within the fishing community.
Distinct evolutionary histories of lowland biota on Italian and Balkan peninsulas revealed by the phylogeography of Arundo plinii (Poaceae)

Although recognized as hotspots of biodiversity, Mediterranean peninsulas have been poorly studied with regard to the evolutionary legacy of Quaternary environmental changes for endemic lowland biota. Using the phylogeography of the lowland Arundo plinii Turra (Poaceae), we evaluated two hypotheses regarding the genetic structure of southern European species, that there is: (H1) a decrease in regional genetic diversity with increasing latitude induced by past contractions towards southern refugia; and (H2) a strong differentiation between isolated refugia without a latitudinal gradient in genetic diversity.
Influence of Three Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphorus on Growth and Nutrient Status of Taro

Abstract Glasshouse and field experiments were conducted with micropropagated (tissue culture) taro plants and germinated corms to determine the arbuscular mycorrhizal dependency of taro. The micropropagated plants (cultivar Laiyu 3) were transplanted in plastic pots (3‐L) containing a mixture of vermiculite:perlite:peat:sand (2:1:1:1) with 0 or 8000 units of inoculum potential (UIP) of Glomus mosseae (Nicol & Gerd) Gerdemann and Trappe, Glomus versiforme (Karsten) Berch or Gigaspora rosea Nicolson & Schenck. Budded corms were planted in clay pots (8.5‐L) containing sterilized sandy loam mixed with 0 or 12,000 UIP of G. mosseae or G. versiforme, and 0 or 5 g Ca3(PO4)2 were added. In a field experiment, budded corms were placed in paper pots (0.5‐L) with sterilized sandy loam mixed with 0 or 4000 UIP of G. mosseae or G. versiforme and then planted directly in the field. Inoculation with AM fungi significantly increased survival rate and growth of tissue culture taro plants, and the contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), enhanced the formation of corms, numbers of second and third branch corms and corm yield, and enhanced the contents of crude protein, starch, and amino acids in the corms. Phosphorus fertilizer slightly increased plant yield but reduced plant absorption of Cu and Zn and root colonization by the AM fungi. Relative mycorrhizal dependence (RMD) of micropropagated plants was greater than that of corms.
Cardioprotective effects of KATP channel activation during hypoxia in goldfish Carassius auratus

SUMMARY The activation of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) ion channels in the heart is thought to exert a cardioprotective effect under low oxygen conditions, possibly enhancing tolerance of environmental hypoxia in aquatic vertebrates. The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility that hypoxia-induced activation of cardiac KATP channels, whether in the sarcolemma (sarcKATP) or mitochondria (mitoKATP), enhances viability in cardiac muscle cells from a species highly tolerant of low oxygen environments, the goldfish Carassius auratus. During moderate hypoxia (6–7 kPa), the activation of sarcKATP channels was indicated by a reduction in transmembrane action potential duration (APD). This response to hypoxia was mimicked by the NO-donor SNAP (100 μmol l–1) and the stable cGMP analog 8-Br-cGMP, but abolished by glibenclamide or l-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthesis. The mitoKATP channel opener diazoxide did not affect APD. Isolated ventricular muscle cells were then incubated under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Cell viability was decreased in hypoxia; however, the negative effects of low oxygen were reduced during simultaneous exposure to SNAP, 8-Br-cGMP, and diazoxide. The cardioprotective effect of diazoxide, but not 8-Br-cGMP, was reduced by the mitoKATP channel blocker 5-HD. These data suggest that hypoxia-induced activation of sarcKATP or mitoKATP channels could enhance tolerance of low-oxygen environments in this species, and that sarcKATP activity is increased through a NO and cGMP-dependent pathway.
Prevalence of Sorbitol-Negative Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Strain in Beef and Cattle Faeces in Jos South L.G.A Plateau State Nigeria

syndrome, characterized by acute renal failure affecting mainly children the immune Abstract: This research work was aimed at determining the prevalence of sorbitol-negative Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain in beef and cattle faeces in Jos South L.G. A Plateau state, A total of two hundred samples from beef and cattle faeces were collected. The samples were subjected to bacteriological analysis with one gram (1g) of each sample (beef and faeces) homogenized and inoculated into a prepared try tone soya broth and peptone water respectively and incubated at 3 7°C for 24hours for pre-enrichment. After which 0.1ml of the overnight culture was inoculated on a prepared MacConkey agar and later sub-cultured onto cefixime tellurite Sorbitol MacConkey agar and incubated at 37°C for 24hours for isolation of E. coli and E. coli 0157:H7 strains respectively. The result of this shows that out of the 200 samples cultured and analyzed, the overall prevalence of E. coli 0157. H7 was 13 (10.83%). Infection rates of 8 (10.8%) were observed in the meat sample which is higher compared to 5 (10.87%) from the faecal samples. There was no significant difference between the two sample’s type (p>0.05). The male subjects had higher prevalence rate ofE. coli O157:H7,11(8.8%) in both samples which is higher than that of the female 2(2.27%) with a significant difference between them (p<0.05). The most significant finding from this study is the isolation of E coli O1 57.H 7 from our food product sold in the market which has economic implication of health risk on the general public. These results are indication of the poor sanitary environment under which the animals are slaughtered and processed. Hence application of good hygiene practices in the abattoir, good animal husbandry, pre-skinning decontamination as well as incorporation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) in the abattoir is recommended. Coli and E.Coli O157:H7 Prevalence in the Meat and Faeces Samples Based on Locations
Factors influencing microbial mat composition, distribution and dinitrogen fixation in three western Indian Ocean coral reefs

Cyanobacteria have been found to be important for primary production and nitrogen supply on coral reefs. Here, the distribution of cyanobacteria that dominate microbial mats (identified by using microscopic and molecular tools), their abundance, and specific contributions and timing of N2 fixation, were studied in two coral reef systems of the western Indian Ocean: Mayotte (Comoros) and Tulear (Toliara, Madagascar). The results were compared with previously published data from the reefs of La Réunion Island (Mascarenes). Variations in nutrient levels, temperature and light penetration (Secchi) were also measured and compared. The reefs in Mayotte are situated in oligotrophic ocean waters and support coral reefs in good condition. The reef of Tulear was overgrown by algae. The shallow lagoon and reef in La Réunion showed signs of eutrophication and coral degradation. All three reefs maintained a diverse population of benthic cyanobacterial mats. A total of 13 different cyanobacterial morphotypes were encountered, belonging mainly to the genera Anabaena, Hydrocoleum, Leptolyngbya and Lyngbya (as identified by morphotypes and 16 S RNA analyses), but with variable abundances. Twelve of the 13 dominant cyanobacteria observed in the three sites fixed dinitrogen with daily rates of up to 42 nmol N2 µg−1 Chl a. Maximum values were achieved by the heterocystous Anabaena sp. during daylight in Mayotte, which exhibited strongly light‐stimulated nitrogenase activity. Mats dominated by non‐heterocystous cyanobacteria fixed both during daylight and the night, with daily rates up to 38 nmol N2 µg−1 Chl a (by Lyngbya majuscula, Mayotte). Hydrocoleum‐dominated mats fixed N2 at rates between 0 (H. glutinosum, Tulear) and 23.4 nmol N2 µg−1 Chl a (H. coccineum, Mayotte). Cyanobacteria are normal constituents of the benthic microflora in tropical regions, but their abundance, diversity and species composition changes with environmental conditions and so do the rates of N2 fixation on the lagoon floors.
The Relationships between Attitudes, Subjective Norm and Hiring Intention - Does Age Make a Difference?

1 Lecturer, Faculty of Business and Finance, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia: lausm@utar.edu. my 2 Asst. Professor, Faculty of Business and Finance, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia: choongyo@utar.edu. my 3 Lecturer, Faculty of Business and Finance, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia: chanlm@utar.edu. my 4 Lecturer, Faculty of Business and Finance, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia: thamildc@utar.edu. my
Irreversible visual loss and posterior uveitis as the initial manifestation of Behcet’s Disease

We report a rare case of rapid onset, severe visual loss in a young male patient with Behcet’s disease who had ocular disease as an initial manifestation. Vision was perception of light with inaccurate projection in both eyes. Anterior segment showed no inflammation. Fundus examination revealed vitritis, total optic atrophy, branch retinal vein occlusion and cellophane maculopathy. Visual evoked potential showed delayed P 100 responses in the left eye suggestive of left anterior visual pathway conduction defect. Systemic examination showed no active symptom complex. There was no response to oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs. Though rare in the Indian population, Behcet’s disease can be severe, progress rapidly and is less responsive to conventional treatment as in our patient. This case is presented for its rarity, as ocular features were the initial and only manifestation. Despite immediate therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressives, continued inflammation resulted in visual loss.