Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Indirect Coded Versus Indirect Non-Coded Corrective Feedback On Improving Students’ Grammatical Accuracy Of EFL Writing Class

The current research aimed at investigating (1) a significant difference of effectiveness that indirect coded CF and indirect non-coded CF have on improving grammatical accuracy with self-editing in the second draft of writing under teachers’ correction, (2) a significant difference of effectiveness using indirect coded CF, indirect non-coded CF, and that of control group on improving grammatical accuracy in the second draft of writing, (3) a significant difference of effectiveness that indirect coded CF and indirect non-coded CF have on improving grammatical accuracy in a new draft of writing, (4) a significant difference of effectiveness using indirect coded CF, indirect non-coded CF, and that of control group on improving grammatical accuracy in a new draft of writing. Self-editing strategy was utilized as the major criteria for assessing students’ writing accuracy. This research belonged to quasi-experiment with pretest posttest nonequivalent design. To conduct the research, 54 students majoring at English Letters study Program in Flores University were selected as the samples of the research. The three intact classes with 18 students of each class were randomly assigned to three groups, i.e., indirect coded corrective feedback group, indirect non-coded corrective feedback group, and control group. Free writing, as the major source of data, involved seven different topics. The scoring scheme adopted based on the basis of five broad categories; content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics of writing that the students’ handwriting were set at 100. Two periods of posttest were settled as immediate and delayed posttests. The students in all groups were, in immediate posttest, required to write with self-editing the second drafts based on the indirect corrective feedback received from the teachers (control group received no corrective feedback), and then the students were involved in a new draft of writing in delayed posttest. The instrument reliability was assessed by the inter-rater technique. The data were analyzed by running ANCOVA continued by post hoc Scheffe analysis. The upshots of the research denote; firstly, indirect coded CF and indirect non-coded CF have a significant difference of effectiveness on improving students’ grammatical accuracy in the second draft with self-editing strategy; secondly, indirect coded CF is more effective than the use of indirect non-coded CF, and that of control group in the second draft with self-editing strategy; thirdly, indirect coded CF and indirect non-coded CF have a significant different in a new draft of students’ writing; fourthly, indirect coded CF is more effective than the use of indirect non coded CF, and that of control group in a new draft of writing.
Testing of a Statewide Initiative to Enhance Depression Care in Older Home Care Patients

Late-life depression is becoming increasingly prevalent among older adults in the United States and is predictive of a wide range of negative health-related outcomes. Fourteen home care agencies participated in a quasi-experimental, pre-test, post-test design of a depression screening training program nested within a two-cycle, phased introduction of the intervention. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the program at three levels of outcomes: the trainers, the trainees, and the agencies. There was a significant increase in the knowledge and self-efficacy of the trainers and trainees and a trend toward decreased hospitalization.
Population ecology and conservation of a marine long-lived species: the red gorgonian paramuricea clavata

El trabajo de esta tesis aborda la conservacion de una de las especies de gorgoninas mediterraneas mas emblematicas, la gorgonia roja Paramuricea clavata. Para ello se realizan diferentes estudios con el objetivo de: 1,- Conocer la distribucion y la estructura de sus poblaciones asi como su estado de salud. 2,- Estudiar las fases que se desconocian del ciclo biologico de esta especie y modelizar su dinamica poblacional. 3,- Estudiar los efectos de las perturbaciones mas importantes y por ultimo. 4,- Aportar soluciones para mejorar la conservacion de esta especie, mediante la modelizacion de los efectos a largo plazo de estas perturbaciones y la simulacion de posibles medidas de gestion asi como proponer una tecnica de restauracion para intentar mejorar la viabilidad e las poblaciones mas afectadas. Los resultados del primer apartado, muestran que es una especie con una distribucion muy restringida lo que sugiere que sea sensible a la variabilidad de los factores abioticos. Las estructuras de tallas son en general estructuras en forma de campana que parecen indicar un importante fallo en los proceso de reclutamiento. En el segundo bloque, primero se estudian las primeras fases de vida que se desconocian de esta especie mostrando que estas primeras etapas tienen una mortalidad muy elevada asi como una capacidad de dispersion muy moderada sugieren do graves problemas para la colonizacion de nuevas areas a traves de la reproduccion sexual. Con estos conocimientos pudimos modelizar la dinamica poblacional mediante modelos demograficos matriciales, con los que pudimos observar un importante declive de las poblaciones estudiadas con importantes probabilidades de extincion, que las tasas de crecimiento poblacional son mucho mas sensibles a la supervivencia de las colonias grandes y que para la viabilidad de las poblaciones tiene poca importancia el reclutamiento, que esta en concordancia con los resultados obte
Women and Healthcare in Appalachia: Impeding Circumstance and the Role of Technology

For decades, healthcare access and quality in central and southern Appalachia have trailed the rest of the country. Entrenched poverty and low educational attainment compound healthcare problems. This study examines the healthcare obstacles women encounter in southern and central Appalachia and analyzes how technology use, such as Internet searching and social media affect women's healthcare decisions. Data were analyzed from four focus groups conducted with women from the region. Results indicate that seeing a physician or not did not influence women's propensity to search the Internet for health-related information or to seek support through social media sites. Additionally, women reported facing many barriers including trust in local physicians, access, availability, cost, and quality of healthcare. These issues often impede women's access to preventative care and place burdens on their health and an already strained healthcare system. 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people who have offered me support, not only through the writing of this thesis but throughout my entire educational experience. First of all, I would like to thank my family. My husband Angel for your never-ending patience on all the sleepless nights, support on the days I was ready to quit, and unconditional love. My boys, Aydan and Ashton, for smiles on a rainy day and hugs and kisses that always make it better. Mom, thanks for watching the kids on a moment's notice and took my place as cook, chauffer, teacher, and anything else you needed to be at any time you were needed. Thank you Dr. Kelly Foster, you have been not only a mentor and teacher, but someone I can look up to and aspire to become. Many others told me I could be whatever I want to be, but you showed me how, with grace and compassion I will always admire. You let me in on this research and it was one of the most rewarding projects I've done. Ms. Cole, you will always be the first teacher who made me believe in myself and gave me the confidence to move on. Dr. Copp, thank you for always being on top of things, keeping me on top of things, giving me encouragement and thoughtful advice, for knowing my potential and my limitations sometimes better than I know them myself, and for always having an open door and willingness to listen. Thank you Dr. Schrift for never hesitating to say yes when I ask you for …
Regulating Effect and its Mechanism of Tibet Rhodiola crenulate on Blood Pressure in Spontaneous Hypertension Rat

Objective:To investigate the regulating effect and mechanism of the Tibet Rhodiola crenulata on blood pressure in spontaneous hypertension rat(SHR). Method: The male SHR of 13 weeks old were randomly divided into five groups: SHR control group(0.5%CMC),the high,middle,low dosage group of the R.Crenulata(crude drug 1.08,0.27,0.068 g·kg-1·d-1) and captopril group(0.015 g·kg-1·d-1). Twelve male Wistar-kyoto rats(WKY)were served as normal group(0.5%CMC). Different dose of Tibet R.Crenulata were administrated daily via gavage for 4 weeks.Systolic blood pressure(SBP) were measured respectively by tail-cuff technique before therapy,at the time after a single ig administration of Tibet R.Crenulata and at the time after amultiple ig adiministration.At end of the experiment,blood lipid parameters,the content of nitric oxide(NO),the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) were also detected and the ratios of left ventricle wet weight/body weigh left ventricutar mass index(LVMI) were calculated.Result: The SBP level of SHR in R.crenulata treatment groups was depressed notably(P0.05-P0.01),nevertheless the SBP level of SHR of model group was increased obviously comparing with normal group(P0.01) at the time after a single ig administration of R.crenulata for 12 h and at the time after amultiple ig adiministration of Tibet R.Crenulata for 4 weeks.Compare with model group.The level of LDL-C was decreased significantly(P0.05-P0.01) in Rhodiola treatment groups.The level of HDL-C was obviously increased and the level of FFA was decreased significantly.The level of TC was decreased(P0.05)in low-dose group of R.crenulata. The content of NO were increased significantly in high-dose and middle-dose group of R.Crenulata. The activity of SOD were increased significantly(P0.05-P0.01)in high-dose and low-dose group of R.Crenulata. LVMI were decreased significantly in R.Crenulata treatment groups.Conclusion:The hypotensive function of R.crenulata was significantly in SHR.Its mechanism may modulate the lipid metabolism,increase the content of NO,enhance the activity of SOD and improve left ventricular hypertrophy.
Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Cardiovascular Biomarker

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25 kDa glycoprotein found in many tissues, and has attracted increasing attention as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI). In the kidney, it is produced and released in response to ischaemic insults, and thus may also play a role in diagnostic and prognostic evaluation and management of patients with AKI, including those with acute cardiorenal syndromes. In the cardiovascular system, NGAL has been implicated in endothelial apoptosis and atherosclerosis, as well as in the thrombi associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms. This review explores the novel roles of NGAL in the cardiovascular system, and highlights some of the key research findings in this rapidly evolving field.
Correlation and Partitioning of Some Heavy Metals in Aquatic Media Around a Make Shift Crude Oil Refining Area

The major aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentration levels of some heavy metals and their relationships between the bottom sediments, its overlaying (bottom) water and the surface water of the study area in Andoni local Government of Rivers State, Nigeria (Long.7° 20' 48.639''E and Lat.4 29 20.169N) using standard methods of analysis. The mean result showed variation patterns (P<0.05) of the metals in each of the medium as - surface water – Mg>N=Cu=Zn>Pb=Cd>V; bottom water – Mg>Cu>Ni=Zn>Pb=Cd>V and bottom sediments – Mg=Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu=Ni>V, while that of the media for each metal is Sediment >> Bottom water=Surface water. The sediments of the study area had more positive significant correlations among metal pairs than others indicating that metals were more bound to the sediments than in the water columns. V-Cd, V-Pb and V-Ni showed significant positive correlations in the water columns indicating that their input sources may likely be the same, which could have been from petroleum related activities. The level of contamination of the study area is relatively high when compared to related studies within and outside the region. It is therefore recommended that the activities of this make-shift refining of crude oil in the area should be stopped by the relevant regulatory agencies and also further studies on other media should be carried out.
Nocardial Menigitis: Case Reports and Review

Twenty-eight episodes of nocardial central nervous system infection fulfilling criteria for meningitis were reviewed. In 21 cases Nocardia was cultured from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Associated predisposing conditions were present in 75% of cases. The typical presentation was subacute to chronic meningitis characterized by fever (68%), stiff neck (64%), and headache (55%). CSF studies revealed neutrophilic pleocytosis (83% of cases, greater than 500 white blood cells/mm3), hypoglycorrhachia (64%, less than 40 mg of glucose/dL), and elevated protein level (61%, greater than 100 mg/dL). In 43% of cases there was an associated brain abscess. Patients with brain abscess had more frequent and severe aberrations in mental status as well as higher initial white blood cell counts in CSF. Mortality was 52% for the 23 cases diagnosed antemortem and 57% overall. Compared with patients who died, survivors were younger, had lower initial CSF glucose levels, and were less likely to have brain abscess. Diagnosis was often delayed, and nocardial infection was rarely suspected before positive culture reports or autopsy findings became available.
A clinical trial of estrogen-replacement therapy after ischemic stroke

Based on observational studies indicating a lower risk of stroke and death in women given estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), the Women's Estrogen for Stroke Trial was designed in 1993 as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation. Treatment with 1 mg of estradiol-17β daily was evaluated in 664 postmenopausal women whose mean age was 71, who within the past 90 days had suffered a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke. The study population, representing 26% of all those eligible for the study, was drawn from 21 U.S. hospitals and was followed up for 2.8 years on average. Control women received a matching placebo. Phone contacts were made every 3 months to screen for outcomes using a standardized questionnaire. There were 89 deaths and 103 nonfatal strokes during the trial; neither outcome differed significantly in the estradiol-treated and control women. Death due to stroke, however, was more common in the estradiol group (relative risk, 2.9); the difference was mainly in the incidence of ischemic stroke. Nonfatal ischemic stroke was comparably frequent in the two groups. Similar results were obtained after adjusting for baseline risk factors, including older age, past heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and current smoking. There were no significant group differences in transient ischemic attacks or nonfatal myocardial infarction. Estrogen-treated women were not at higher risk of venous thromboembolism, breast cancer, or hospital admission with fracture. They were, however, likelier to have vaginal bleeding and endometrial hyperplasia and to require hysterectomy Two women given estradiol developed endometrial adenocarcinoma. This trial, which continues, should clarify the role of estrogen in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, including stroke. The findings to date suggest that ERT not be started to secondarily prevent cerebrovascular disease They y also agree with the accumulating evidence that estrogen is not helpful to women with established vascular disease for prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Management of Bone and Joint Infections in Children: Recent Experience at an Urban Medical Center

Background The microbiology and treatment of bone and joint infections in children have changed over the past several decades. Uncertainty still exists as to the optimal duration of treatment, usually 1 to 2 months or longer, and the feasibility of outpatient treatment with either intravenously or orally administered antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to review the pathogens causing bone and joint infections and management of these infections in children seen in an inner-city medical center. Methods This was a retrospective chart review of children admitted to SUNY Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital in Brooklyn, NY, with a diagnosis of either osteomyelitis or septic arthritis from October 2002 to July 2008. Results Medical records of 46 patients, aged 19 days to 18 years, were analyzed. A microbiologic diagnosis was made in 76.7% of children with acute osteomyelitis and 100% of children with septic arthritis. The predominant pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, which was responsible for 22 cases (48%). Patients were initially treated as inpatients with intravenously administered antibiotics and then discharged home on either intravenous therapy via peripherally inserted central catheter line (46%) or oral antibiotics (54%). Home therapy was well tolerated and efficacious in all cases. Conclusions The results demonstrated that tailoring an effective home therapy regimen is feasible but requires a specific microbiologic diagnosis.
Land tenure challenges in Kisumu City, Kenya

Rapid urbanization often results in land tenure conflicts commonly in urban fringe areas. Overly, this is attributed to lack or in some instance unclear urban planning schemes. Kisumu city, the third largest city in Kenya has experienced rapid urbanization as a result of high rural-urban human migration in search of informal/informal employment. Consequently Kisumu urban sprawl is highly characterized by gentrification challenges and land tenure disputes in its fringes. The study sought to provide a comprehensive national and local overview of the historical and legal context of land tenure challenges as a result of urbanization in Kenya and Kisumu in particular. The study used document content analysis technique to review records at the lands office and county city planning office. Key informant interview and focus group discussion were conducted on different socio-economic group from the informal settlements of Nyalenda A and B. The study established that land ownership is an emotive issue. There are three types of land tenure namely; public, communal and individual land tenure. Further, the study found that urban population pressure and gentrification remain major challenges in Kisumu urban fringe land which were traditionally communally owned. In the two study areas: Nyalenda ‘A’ the population density is 8,953 per sq. km while Nyalenda B has a population density of 6,886 per sq. km, far above most residential areas of the city. The demographic growth in Kisumu is exerting pressure on housing development which typically is extending to the surrounding agricultural hinterlands which traditionally were owned by local communities. Consequently, the traditional communal land use practices such as subsistence farming and cattle herding is under threat of gentrification. According to the study respondents, a stylized continuum from: leaseholds to freehold to community land tenure system would be the best model to resolve land tenure challenges and enhance security of tenure in Nyalenda urban fringe. The study therefore recommend stylized model (model based on public participation) but anchored on the UN-HABITAT model (2008) to resolve conflicts over land tenure arising from Kisumu urban sprawl.
Revisiting the Cambrian Burgess Shale Palaeocommunity in Light of New Field Discoveries from Marble Canyon, Kootenay National Park, British Columbia

The 508-million-year-old Burgess Shale (British Columbia) is among the most important fossil localities in the world as it provides a direct window into the Cambrian Explosion, the phenomenon whereby most metazoan groups appeared rapidly in the fossil record for the first time. For over 100 years, Burgess Shale fossils have provided unique insights into the early evolutionary history of animal life, but a holistic description of the community ecology of the Burgess Shale has remained elusive. This dissertation aims to reinvestigate the Burgess Shale paleocommunity in light of the recently discovered Marble Canyon fossil site in Kootenay National Park, integrating this new dataset with those from the type areas in Yoho National Park, 40km to the northwest (Walcott Quarry, Raymond Quarry, and Tulip Beds). The first three chapters of this dissertation focus on the organismal level. An experimental decay study (Chapter 1) provides a framework for the interpretation of taphonomic bias in community reconstructions. The redescription of three enigmatic Cambrian taxa (Chapters 2 and 3) provide novel phylogenetic and ecological information for understanding the patterns of diversity and niche structure at Marble Canyon. The community analysis (Chapter 4) represents the largest quantitative study of the Burgess Shale to date. Patterns of faunal stasis between most adjacent bedding assemblages followed by periodic variations in abundance and
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF EAR DISCHARGE AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the most common condition encountered by otolaryngologists in day to day practice. The importance of chronic otitis media lies in its dreaded complications and deafness. AIM: This study was under taken to identify the microbiological isolates of the ear discharge in CSOM cases and their sensitivity to antibiotics. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Tertiary care hospital in north costal Andhra Pradesh. It was a Prospective study. MATERIALS & METHODS: About 100 patients having ear discharge who attended ENT outpatient department from July 2013 to Feb 2014 for a period of 8months were studied. Aural swabs were sent to microbiology lab for culture &sensitivity. RESULTS: Culture reports showed aerobic bacterial isolates in 85 cases, fungi in 7 cases and sterile in 8 cases. Of the 85 cases of aerobic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 34 cases (40%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 29 cases (34%), klebsiella in 16 cases (18.8%), E.coli in 4 cases (4.7%) and proteus in 2 cases. Antibiotic sensitivity reports showed Staphylococcus was more susceptible to netilmycin (97%), amoxiclav (91.7%) and least sensitive to ceftazidime (64.7%). Pseudomonas was more sensitive to amikacin (96.5%), gentamycin (93.1%) and least sensitive to amoxyclav (79.3%), ampicillin + sulbactum (82.75%). CONCLUSION: Mono microbial etiology, especially Staphylococcus species was found to be the most common organism causing chronic otitis media. Knowledge of the prevailing flora and their susceptibility to antimicrobials will guide the clinicians for early and effective treatment thereby avoiding complications.