Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a 5th percentile human head finite element model based on the Chinese population

A high biofidelic 5th percentile human head finite element (FE) model, based on the Chinese population, was developed and validated. Geometrical characteristics of the finite element model were extracted from the medical CT scan images of a 5th percentile living human from the Chinese population, instead of using the scaling law copying down from a 50th percentile model. The newly created model incorporates the essential features of the human head, which include the scalp, three layers of skull, cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, corpus callosum, cerebrospinal fluid, ventricles, sinus, falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, pia mater, dura mater, facial bone, mandible, facial muscle, masseter, temporalis, submandibular soft tissue, detailed ocular structures and teeth. Model validations under different impact conditions from Nahum and Trosseille's experiments were carried out. Parametric studies were subsequently performed to investigate model responses with variations of tissue material properties. Furthermore, the effect of cavitation pressure was also investigated. Keywords: 5th percentile human head models; impact injury; brain pressure; Chinese population; finite element method; FEM; modelling; head injuries; China; model validation; tissue materials; cavitation pressure.
Wireless power transmission using ultrasonic guided waves

The unavailability of suitable power supply at desired locations is currently an important obstacle in the development of distributed, wireless sensor networks for applications such as structural health monitoring of aircraft. Proposed solutions range from improved batteries to energy harvesting from vibration, temperature gradients and other sources. A novel approach is being investigated at Cardiff University School of Engineering in cooperation with Airbus. It aims to utilise ultrasonic guided Lamb waves to transmit energy through the aircraft skin. A vibration generator is to be placed in a location where electricity supply is readily available. Ultrasonic waves generated by this device will travel through the aircraft structure to a receiver in a remote wireless sensor node. The receiver will convert the mechanical vibration of the ultrasonic waves back to electricity, which will be used to power the sensor node. This paper describes the measurement and modelling of the interference pattern which emerges when Lamb waves are transmitted continuously as in this power transmission application. The discovered features of the pattern, such as a large signal amplitude variation and a relatively high frequency, are presented and their importance for the development of a power transmission system is discussed.
A survey of Egyptian physicians’ awareness and use of coronavirus-related mHealth applications

The key purpose of this study is to look into Egyptian physicians' knowledge and use of coronavirus-related mHealth apps. The study used a quantitative approach in the form of a self-administered questionnaire in January 2021.The population of the study included 203 Egyptian physicians, 56% of whom were males and 43.8% of whom were females, ranging in age from 36 to 55 years and with work experience ranging from 11 to 25 years. Many Egyptian physicians were described as advanced mobile phone users who were aware of the use of coronavirus-related mHealth apps and had used them for one to two hours per day for seven to twelve months. Many physicians first learned about these apps through social media, family, and the media. Physicians' homes were discovered to be the most popular location for accessing these apps. The most popular platforms for physicians were those based on Android. According to many physicians, the most frequently recommended apps are “coronavirus symptoms apps” and “coronavirus health monitoring apps”. Accessing coronavirus-related services, communicating with peers, and sharing data were among the most important tasks for physicians. Many physicians agreed that these apps provide a lot of information about the coronavirus, increase access to information, and allow them to communicate with one another, but they also agreed that they take a long time, violate privacy, and may even lead to social isolation. Many physicians have expressed trust in these applications. More than half of the physicians stated that they “usually” recommend these apps to their patients. The most significant barriers to using coronavirus-related mHealth apps identified by Egyptian physicians surveyed in this study are a lack of time and concerns about personal data privacy and security.
The Impact of Assimilating Ionosphere and Thermosphere Observations on Neutral Temperature Improvement: Observing System Simulation Experiments Using EnKF

Accurate specification of the thermosphere states is crucial to the low Earth orbit satellite operation. In this work, the impact of different ionosphere and thermosphere observing systems on the improvement of neutral temperature of the data assimilation model has been investigated by a series of observing system simulation experiments. The selected observations include the Global Navigation Satellite System total electron content (e.g., MIT vertical total electron content [VTEC]) and the daytime Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) level‐2 disk temperature (Tdisk). Such observations are ingested into the coupled ionosphere and thermosphere model based on our developed ensemble Kalman Filter data assimilation systems on the basis of the ensemble Kalman filter algorithm and the National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model. The main findings are as follows: (a) A considerable improvement of the neutral temperature estimation of the physical‐based model can be obtained in the global region by assimilating either the MIT VTEC or the GOLD Tdisk observations; (b) the assimilation of the GOLD can further contribute to temperature improvement in the lower thermosphere (<200 km), relative to the MIT VTEC assimilation; and (c) simultaneously assimilating both observation types can better improve the quality of neutral temperature estimation over the global area during the whole data assimilation process. The current results demonstrate that assimilating GOLD observations is important to improve the forecast capability of the physical‐based model for the lower thermosphere states and can provide a possible reference for the joint assimilation of the ionosphere and thermosphere observations to better thermosphere specification.
Design of an Infinite-Swept-Wing Glove for In-Flight Discrete-Roughness-Element Experiment

The Subsonic Aircraft Roughness Glove Experiment is an in-flight experiment designed to meet the NASA Environmentally Responsible Aviation project requirements. The goal of the experiment was to demonstrate the discrete-roughness-element technology to delay transition on a swept wing at transport-relevant conditions and subject to crossflow instability. In this paper, a redesign of that experiment is described for a different aircraft (Gulfstream-IIB), meeting the same requirements, but using a new methodology that promotes infinite-swept-wing flow on the glove test article. The new glove has the designation TAMU-0706. Increasing the demonstrated capabilities of both natural laminar flow and discrete roughness elements is a large step toward practical laminar flow on transport aircraft. Moreover, the infinite-swept-wing flow methodology not only increases the effective test region of the wing glove, but is well adapted for code-validation studies of discrete roughness element and other laminar-flow-contro.
A coherency based rescheduling method for dynamic security

For power system online dynamic security analysis (DSA), preventive control or remedial action should be an integral part of the function if instability for a contingency is detected. Research done so far in online remedial action has been in rescheduling generation and most of the suggested methods for determining such preventive control use the sensitivities of the stability energy margin to the generator power injections. For any approach using the energy margin, computation time is a concern and a somewhat different approach was suggested that determines control action by maximizing coherency of the generators without the use of sensitivities. In this paper, a new coherency based sensitivity method is proposed for generation rescheduling. Different coherency indices have been defined and then compared by ranking the contingencies according to these indices as well as the energy margin index. Since the coherency indices are always functions of the rotor angles, the sensitivity trajectories of a coherency index, such as the most critical rotor angle, with respect to changes of generation can be calculated at every time step of the integration process. This paper suggests that these sensitivities calculated shortly after fault clearing be used for rescheduling the generation. The calculation of these sensitivities are obviously faster than the calculation of the energy margin sensitivities. This paper also shows, with test results using several different systems, that the rescheduling achieved by this method provides the necessary remedial action. It is also noted that this method is intuitively more direct as it uses the sensitivities of the worst affected generator angles for rescheduling.
First failure predictions for EPROMs of the type flown on the MPTB satellite

Extreme value analysis applied to ground test data provides a new method for predicting the first cell to fail in an array of EPROM memory cells exposed to ionizing radiation. Which cell fails first is a function of the dose absorbed by each as well as the cell-to-cell variations in manufacturing with processing variations apparently dominating fluctuations in absorbed dose. The method is applied to the ground controls of UVPROMs flown on MPTB. These procedures can be used to screen devices for flight parts. Power-law dependence between the rate of electrons leaving the floating gate and the absorbed dose is observed, and it may explain the SEU immunity observed in EPROM memory cells flown in space.
Islamic banking and customer satisfaction in Pakistan: evidence from internal and external customers

Purpose This study aims to find the determinants of internal and external customer satisfaction of Islamic banks of Pakistan through service quality indicators that are assurance, reliance, empathy, tangibility, responsiveness. Compliance has also been added as a determinant of customer satisfaction. In this study, customers are divided into two groups, internal customers are those who are an employee in the Islamic bank and also an account holder. While external customers are account holders only in Islamic banks of Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a quantitative research approach is used for analyzing the behavior of internal and external customers of Islamic banks in Pakistan. The instrument which is used to analyze the study’s data, is a structured five-point Likert-scale questionnaire. The structural model was analyzed with the help of the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach. Findings This study concluded that internal customers of Islamic banking are well aware and have full information and their level of satisfaction is positive toward the bank’s services. While external customers feel satisfied while using the Islamic banking services in Pakistan. Service quality indicators are positively and significantly related to customer satisfaction in the external customer model. On the other hand, some of the indicators are not showing a significant impact on the internal customer multi-group analysis shows a difference of coefficients are insignificant between internal and external customers. Practical implications This study helps policymakers, to understand the behavior of internal and external customers of Islamic banking in Pakistan for creating favorable policies for an interest-free banking service. Originality/value This research study provides an analysis of the customer satisfaction of Islamic banks in Pakistan by dividing Islamic bank customers into two groups (internal and external customers). The purpose for dividing Islamic bank customers into two groups is that this study wants to highlight that external customer’s perception is the same as internal customers or not? Before this study, it is difficult to find single research on this topic, whereas only one study is find-out on the factors that affect internet banking adoption among internal and external customers.
Profile of HIV/AIDS Patients Coinfected with Tuberculosis in Bumi Wonorejo Health Centre and Santo Rafael Clinic Nabire, Papua

HIV-TB co-infection still becomes a health problem in Indonesia, including in Nabire district, Papua province, which has the highest number of cases. HIV and TB infections are closely related and affect the epidemiology of one another. This study aims to determine the profile description of HIV-TB co-infected patients in Nabire. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design on 90 people with HIV/AIDS selected consecutively. Data were analyzed univariately and presented in the form of a frequency distribution table. The results showed that of 55 HIV/AIDS co-infected TB patients, almost all (90.9%) were Papuan ethnic, 70.9% were female and aged 30 to 49 years (50.9%) with a mean of 31.309. 36 years. The majority of HIV-TB co-infected patients were married (63.6%), holding secondary education (58.2%), working (67.3%), engaging in sexual activity after 17 years of age, only having one sexual partner, and did not use drugs or obtain blood transfusions. The clinical profile of HIV-TB patients showed that 67.3% of the patients were with baseline CD4 count ≤350 cells/mm3, 64.8% had CD4 count at the time of study >350 cells/mm3, and viral load values fewer than 5000 copies/ml (87.3%). The therapy most widely received for patients with HIV-TB coinfection was the combination of ARV 3TC+EFV+TDF (76.4%). The most common clinical symptoms of HIV/AIDS patients were weight loss (56.4%), cough (40%), recurrent oral thrush (36.4%), chickenpox (32.7%), and tuberculosis lymph nodes (18.2%).
Hurricane Gust Factors Revisited

This paper describes a re-examination of gust factors associated with hurricanes. The hurricane gust factors for the over-land and over-water cases are examined separately, with the observed gust factors compared to those determined using theoretically based models derived for extratropical storm winds. The results of the study suggest that in most cases hurricane gust factors can be described using models developed for standard neutral boundary layer flow conditions. Large, anomalous gust factors associated with convective gusts were found; however, these high gust factors were all observed well away from the hurricane eyewall in all cases.
Why antibiotics should not be used to treat Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections

Purpose of review There has been much debate about treating Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections with antibiotics. No data convincingly demonstrate that antibiotics are better than no antibiotic treatment at all, and many studies suggest antibiotics increase the risk of developing the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). This topic is timely, because emerging technology enables rapid identification of STEC-infected patients, and we anticipate questions about management will increase. This review is designed to familiarize readers with the series of observations that underlie our recommendations. Recent findings The long debate over antibiotics in STEC infections appears resolved by gradually accruing information that show that antibiotics do not benefit infected patients. In fact, they are associated with an increased likelihood of developing HUS. A meta-analysis published in 2016 demonstrated that low risk of bias studies find a clear association between antibiotic use and development of HUS. Subsequent publications do not refute these findings. Summary In high-income countries, antibiotics should not routinely be given to patients with acute diarrhea unless testing demonstrates a pathogen for which antibiotics are indicated, and STEC infection has been excluded. Future work to prevent HUS should focus on preventing primary infections, and mitigating extraintestinal consequences of STEC gut infections.
Laser Ablation Propulsion Tractor Beam System

R EALIZATION of a space tractor beam systemwould constitute a paradigm shift in the use of space and space systems. Here, a tractor beam is intended to mean a beam of energy that imparts an impulse to a remote object of interest to enable remote control. Potential applications include orbital debris removal, spacecraft rendezvous, satellite attitude and orbital adjustment, redundant systems for space rescue, etc. Assuming development is possible, what propulsion system is best? Field propulsion systems (such as laser tweezers [1]) typically operate on micrometerand nanometer-scale targets. Concepts such as magnetic tractor beams [2] are severely limited in range. Power beaming [3] with conventional propulsion systems can produce tractor-beam-like effects, but categorization as a tractor beam is questionable because the beam itself does not produce a significant impulse.
Lightweight boards from wood and rape straw particles

The study investigates the properties of lightweight (350–550 kg/m 3 ) particleboards made using wood or rape particles and with veneers applied to their surfaces. Their suitability for the production of furniture and elements of interior design is discussed. Panels with veneer on their faces were made using a “one shot” pressing cycle. It was found that rape particles may be used for the production of lightweight particleboards, and that they are a good alternative to wood chips. Particleboards made of rape straw, covered with beech veneer during the pressing cycle in order to strengthen their subsurface layers, have better properties than the corresponding wood-chip-based particleboards. However, all the boards, throughout the whole density range, meet the requirements for P2 boards, i.e. boards intended for interior decoration and furniture production (MOR 11 N/mm 2 , MOE 1600 N/mm 2 , IB 0.35 N/mm 2 according to EN 312).
Modified waveguide model (MWGM) for rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA)

Based on the concept of effective dimensions, a modification to the conventional waveguide model (CWGM), usually used to predict the resonant frequency of rectangular DRA, is introduced. Compared with the experimental results, it is found that this newly introduced MWGM yields more accurate results for the resonant frequency than the CWGM. Accuracy of the results is also checked by comparison with numerically calculated values using a TLM-based commercial software. It is also found that the MWGM not only yields accurate values, but also results in considerable computation time savings. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 19: 158–160, 1998.
Correlation between Hemoglobin Reticulocytes and Ferritin in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at PKU Bantul

Abstract: As many as 7 – 12% of the world's population has chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD patients can experience various complications, one of which is anemia. Anemia can cause a variety of cardiovascular complications in CKD patients. Enforcement of the diagnosis of anemia and its type is carried out by laboratory examination, among others by examination of reticulocytes-hemoglobin (ret-he) and iron status such as serum ferritin. Examination of these parameters can help in planning the right treatment for CKD patients who have anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of Ret-he with ferritin levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at PKU Bantul Hospital. This study used cross-sectional method. The data source used was secondary data obtained from medical records and the Indonesian Renal Registry (IRR). Sampling research used consecutive sampling method. The analysis used univariate analysis which was frequency distribution table, and bivariate analysis. Univariate analysis obtained that average levels of ret-he from 50 subjects was 28.87 ± 3.75 pg and median serum ferritin levels were 118,1 (9,76 – 1615) mL. Bivariate analysis with pearson correlation test found a significant correlation between serum ret-he and ferritin levels (r = 0.498, p = 0.000). There was a significant correlation between he-ret levels and serum ferritin levels Keywords: chronic kidney disease, anemia, reticulocytes-hemoglobin, serum ferritin.
Estimating nearshore waves by assimilating buoy directional spectrum data in SWAN

This paper describes a variational data assimilation algorithm based on the SWAN near shore wave-spectrum model. The approach allows single-point wave spectrum observations to be used to estimate the wave field for a nearshore region under stationary conditions, assuming a spatially uniform incident wave spectrum at the offshore boundary. The assimilated data are in the form of Fourier directional coefficients, the standard output from operational wave buoys, and are used directly by incorporating the relationship between directional spectrum and the Fourier coefficients into the formulation. The algorithm was tested on data from nearshore buoys deployed off the coast of North Carolina in May 2012, and the estimated wave field is compared to both the input data and to independent observation data. The results compare favorably to the independent data with overall RMS errors of 10–20 percent for significant wave height, about half a second for mean wave period, and as much as 3–4 SWAN spectral grid cells for mean direction. Overall, the results show that the algorithm can be effectively used to estimate the offshore boundary spectrum and accurately reproduce wave conditions in the domain.
The Causes of Non-Compliance to Treatment Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Generally, type 2 diabetes mellitus can end with many complications, which leads to severe unwanted health problems that can be prevented by strict adherence to the prescribed methods of management conducted by the physician. So, this study was designed to evaluate the range of the patient’s compliance to therapy (drug, diet, and exercise). Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study evaluated 380 convenient samples with type 2 diabetes visiting private internal medicine clinics in AL-Kut city and over 18 years. All patients were consented to participate and full a pre-tested questionnaire consisting of questions related to the causes of non-compliance to the management protocol. Results: The sample consisted of 209(55%) females, 91.8% were from urban regions, and 43.2% had a college degree or above educational level. There were 64.2% who was continuously measuring their glucose level, but only 39.2% visiting the doctors regularly. On the other hand, most patients (78.4%) declared that they complied with drug therapy. On the other hand, only 20.5% of patients always follow the doctor’s instructions regarding a healthy diet, while 9.7% mentioned compliance with regular exercise. The significant causes of non-compliance to the drug were costly drugs in (25.4%) and (19.8%) for the forgetting. There were 123(62.4%) who did not care about healthy food, and 119(42%) could not practice exercise because they could not do that. Conclusion: The higher rate of non-compliance for diet and exercise focuses on the need for an actual intervention to increase the awareness about the importance of these two management types.