Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides used in cotton crop on the mealybug endoparasitoid Aenasius arizonensis

Abstract Lethal effects of eight insecticides at field dosages recommended in cotton crop were assessed against Aenasius arizonensis (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a key endoparasitoid of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Based on adult mortality, spiromesifen, buprofezin and flonicamid were categorized as slightly harmful, whereas, profenophos, sulfoxaflor, diafenthiuron, imidacloprid and thiodicarb were categorized as harmful insecticides according to the classification proposed by International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC). On exposure of mummies to insecticides, spiromesifen, buprofezin and flonicamid were categorized as harmless, whereas, profenophos and sulfoxaflor were highly toxic on the basis of reduction in adult emergence. Afterward, adults of A. arizonensis emerged from mummies exposed to four insecticides (spiromesifen, flonicamid, buprofezin and imidacloprid) were evaluated for sublethal effects in the subsequent generation. Spiromesifen and flonicamid caused the lowest reduction in parasitism rate of the parasitoid (harmless), while imidacloprid and buprofezin the most (slightly harmful). Imidacloprid significantly prolonged the development time and also reduced the longevity of A. arizonensis. However, buprofezin had no effect on development time of the parasitoid. All these four insecticides did not have any negative effect on the sex-ratio of A. arizonensis. Buprofezin, spiromesifen and flonicamid could facilitate biologically-based integrated pest management programs in cotton agroecosystem
Missing Impact of Ratings on Platform Participation in India: A Call for Research in GREAT Domains

In this study, we propose that research conducted in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) domains does not necessarily generalize to the rest of the world. Growing, rural, eastern, aspirational, transitional (GREAT) domains now account for a significant proportion of world economic output and, thereby, warrant special attention. We submit that a tolerant stance under which scholars investigate GREAT domains with an open mind that allows for theoretical plurality will likely enrich IS theories. To exemplify this stance, we consider how online ratings affect ratee decisions to participate in financial transactions on a digital platform in a GREAT economy. The production and consumption of food affects every strata of society, and, thus, we choose to investigate our research question in the context of platform-enabled food delivery. We applied decision tree induction on a population-level dataset that included restaurants, their features, online ratings, and financial participation decisions from a major food discovery and delivery platform in India. Tree induction makes no distributional assumptions and makes no a priori assumptions on the combinations of factors, which allows one to put forth the most lenient test for uncovering any impact that online ratings have on the decisions that rates make tacitly. After conducting multiple computational experiments, we consistently found that online restaurant ratings did not have a significant bearing on their decision to participate on the food-delivery platform. Our counterintuitive finding serves as an example WEIRD domain logic that does not generalize to a GREAT domain and forms a credible basis for our call for additional research in GREAT domains.
Personal Wealth and Self-Employment

We examine how wealth windfalls affect self-employment decisions using data on cash payments from claims on Texas shale drilling to people throughout the United States. Individuals who receive large wealth shocks (greater than $50,000) have 51% higher self-employment rates. The increase in self-employment rates is driven by individuals who lengthen existing self-employment spells, and not by individuals who leave regular employment for self-employment. Moreover, the effect of wealth reverts for individuals whose payments run out. Rather than alleviating a financial constraint, our evidence suggests that unrestricted cash windfalls affect self-employment decisions primarily through self-employment’s non-pecuniary benefits.
SECTORAL COMPOSITION AND TAX REVENUE PERFORMANCE IN ECOWAS COUNTRIES

The study investigates sectoral composition and tax revenue performance in ECOWAS countries. Specifically, the study examines taxable capacity, tax efforts and tax structure of thirteen Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) countries taking into account three major sectors comprising agriculture, service and industrial sectors for the period 2000 to 2015. This is meant to bridge the gap in the extant literature which mainly focused on tax revenue to gross domestic product without taking into account taxable capacity and tax efforts with respect to specific sectors of the economy. The study employed stochastic frontier, forecast error variance decomposition, vector autoregression and the generalized methods of moment accordingly in the empirical analysis. The result from the analysis shows that the hypothesis of a low taxable capacity and tax efforts in the agricultural, industrial and service sectors in ECOWAS countries should be rejected. Specifically, the result revealed that though the three sectors are yet to be maximally exploited, the taxable capacity of ECOWAS countries is reasonably high. Also, the service and industrial sectors express more favourable responses to the tax revenue performance compared to the agricultural sector. It was recommended among others that on the average the governments of ECOWAS countries should formalize and strengthens tax revenue collections in the agricultural, service and industrial sectors.
Outsized effect of predation: Wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing ecosystem engineers

Outsized effect of predation: Wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing ecosystem engineers. Gray wolves are a premier example of how predators can transform ecosystems through trophic cascades. However, whether wolves change ecosystems as drastically as previously suggested has been increasingly questioned. We demonstrate how wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing dispersing beavers. Beavers are ecosystem engineers that generate most wetland creation throughout boreal ecosystems. By studying beaver pond creation and recolonization patterns coupled with wolf predation on beavers, we determined that 84% of newly created and recolonized beaver ponds remained occupied until the fall, whereas 0% of newly created and recolonized ponds remained active after a wolf killed the dispersing beaver that colonized that pond. By affecting where and when beavers engineer ecosystems, wolves alter all of the ecological processes (e.g., water storage, nutrient cycling, and forest succession) that occur due to beaver-created impoundments. Our study demonstrates how predators have an outsized effect on ecosystems when they kill ecosystem engineers.
A trade-off between classical and quantum circuit size for an attack against CSIDH

Abstract We propose a heuristic algorithm to solve the underlying hard problem of the CSIDH cryptosystem (and other isogeny-based cryptosystems using elliptic curves with endomorphism ring isomorphic to an imaginary quadratic order 𝒪). Let Δ = Disc(𝒪) (in CSIDH, Δ = −4p for p the security parameter). Let 0 < α < 1/2, our algorithm requires: A classical circuit of size 2O˜log(|Δ|)1−α. $2^{\tilde{O}\left(\log(|\Delta|)^{1-\alpha}\right)}. $ A quantum circuit of size 2O˜log(|Δ|)α. $2^{\tilde{O}\left(\log(|\Delta|)^{\alpha}\right)}. $ Polynomial classical and quantum memory. Essentially, we propose to reduce the size of the quantum circuit below the state-of-the-art complexity 2O˜log(|Δ|)1/2 $2^{\tilde{O}\left(\log(|\Delta|)^{1/2}\right)}$ at the cost of increasing the classical circuit-size required. The required classical circuit remains subexponential, which is a superpolynomial improvement over the classical state-of-the-art exponential solutions to these problems. Our method requires polynomial memory, both classical and quantum.
An Assessment of Work Ability, Psychosocial Status, and the Quality of Life among Physiotherapists in Lagos State, 2017

Article Info Background: There are many factors affecting work ability among health practitioners, but none has been investigated among physiotherapists in Nigeria. This study investigated the correlation among work ability, psychosocial status, and the quality of life among physiotherapists in Lagos State, Southwestern Nigeria. Materials & Methods: A survey was carried out among 111 physiotherapists (52 males and 59 females) using 3 standard questionnaires; work ability index, SF-12 quality of life questionnaire and Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire that captured information on work ability, quality of life, and psychosocial status. Inferential statistics of Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the correlation between variables. Results: The highest scores of the work ability, quality of life and psychosocial status among the respondents were found to be 58.60%, 89.90%, and 55.80%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation (rs= 0.262, p= 0.007) between work ability and psychosocial status; but a negative correlation (rs= 0.072, p=0.456) between work ability and the quality of life among the respondents. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation (rs= 0.224, p= 0.022) between the quality of life and psychosocial status. Conclusions: This study showed high work ability, a moderate quality of life, and good psychosocial status among physiotherapists in Lagos State, Southwestern Nigeria. According to the results, work ability had no effect on the quality of life but had an effect on psychosocial status among physiotherapists in Lagos State. In addition, their quality of life had an effect on psychosocial status.
Control of volatile organic compound emissions using a compost biofilter

Laboratory and field experiments were conducted using a pilot-scale compost biofilter (approximately 5.7 m 3 /min) to determine the potential of using biofiltration for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from gas streams at publicly owned treatment works. Six compounds commonly found in wastewaters (benzene, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, tetrachloroethene, and trichloroethene) were selected for quantitative evaluation of removal efficiency. Gas fluxes through the biofilters ranged from 0.3 to 1.8 m 3 /m 2 . min with corresponding pressure drops of 0.1 to 0.7 kPa. Removals of aromatic VOCs averaged greater than 80% during an 8.5-month field study and were typically greater than 90 to 95%, despite highly variable inlet concentrations. Removals of chlorinated VOCs were inconsistent and ranged from none to more than 60%. Low removals of the chlorinated compounds were believed to be due, in part, to the low inlet airstream concentrations, which were generally less than 70 ppb. Removal of H 2 S and odors was excellent throughout the studies, consistent with the findings of other investigators.
Applied Combustion Diagnostics

Preface 1. Introduction Part I. Techniques 2. Detection of Minor Species with Laser Techniques Kermit C Smyth and David R Crosley 3. Coherent Techniques for Measurements with Intermediate Concentrations Thomas Dreier and Paul Ewart 4. Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy for Concentration Measurements Andrew McIIroy and Jay B Jeffries 5. Short-Pulse Techniques: Picosecond Fluorescence, Energy Transfer and 'Quench-Free' Measurements Andreas Brockhinke and Mark A Linne 6. Measurement of Temperature in Laboratory Flames and Practical Devices Winifried P Stricker 7. Flow Field Diagnostics Richard B Miles 8. Multi-Dimensional Diagnostics in Space and Time Clemens F Kaminski and Marshall B Long 9. Laser-Induced Incandecence Robert J Santoro and Christopher R Shaddix Part II. Applications 10. Fuel-Rich Chemistry and Soot Precursors Burak Atakan, Heidi Bohm and Katharina Kohse-Hoinghaus 11. Combustion Chemistry of Fire Supression Bradley A Williams 12. Sum-Frequency Generation (SFG) Vibrational Spectroscopy As a Means for the Investigation of Catalytic Combustion Hans-Robert Volpp and Jurgen Wolfrum 13. Pah and Soot Diagnostics by Optical Techniques Alfred Leipertz, Frederik Ossler and Marcus Alden 14. Multiscalar Diagnostics in Turbulent Flames Robert S Barlow, Campbell D Carter and Robert W Pitz 15. Laser Diagnostics for Droplet Measurements for the Study of Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbines and I C Engines Douglas A Greenhalgh and Mark Jermy 16. Optical Measurements in Di Diesel Engines Thierry Baritaud 17. Optical Diagnostics in Di Gasoline Engines Werner Hentschel 18. Tunable Diode Laser Sensing and Combustion Control Mark G Allen, Edward R Furlong and Ronald K Hanson Part III. Perspectives 19. Diagnostics for Detailed Kinetic Modeling Gregory P Smith 20. Diagnostics For Catalytic Combustion Olaf Deutschmann and Jurgen Warnatz 21. Sensor Requirements for Combustion Control Nicolas Docquier and Sebastien Candel 22. Diagnostic Challenges for Gas Turbine Combustor Model Validation Andreas Dreizler and Johannes Janicka 23. Opportunities for Diagnostics in the Combustion Synthesis of Materials Kenneth Brezinsky 24. Diagnostic Requirements for Toxic Emission Control Catherine P Koshland and Susan L Fischer 25. On-Line Trace Analysis for Time-Resolved Monitoring of Organic Combustion Effluents Ulrich Boesl 26. Tunable Infrared Laser Differential Absorption Spectroscopy (Tildas) Sensors for Combustion Exhaust Pollutant Quantification M S Zahniser, D D Nelson and C E Kolb 27. Continuing Developments Abbreviations Permissions Index
Abundance and Distribution of Zooplankton in Pindiga Lake, Gombe State, Nigeria

Zooplankton abundance and distribution of Pindiga Lake, Gombe State were evaluated. Four sampling sites (A, B, C, and D) with distance of 500 meters were selected. Physico-chemical characteristic were measured in situ and zooplanktons sampled fortnightly for three months. Zooplanktons collected were identified using taxonomic keys. Simpson’s and Margalef richness indices were employed for analyses. The results showed a total of 524 individual species of zooplankton in 26 genera among the three zooplankton taxa of Cladocera, Copepoda and Rotifera. The genera abundance of Pindiga Lake arranged in lessening trend as Copepoda > Rotifera > Cladocera, with respective total zooplankton values of 47.3%, 30.0%, and 22.7%. The number of individual zooplanktons and their genera for the respective sites were: A, 150 individuals in 26 genera; B, 127 individual in 22 genera; C, 123 individuals in 22 genera; and D, 124 individuals in 24 genera. The Simpson’s species diversity index for the three zooplankton taxa of Cladocera, Copepoda and Rotifera were 0.05124, 0.2235 and 0.08937 respectively; while the Margalef index of genera richness of Cladocera, Copepoda and Rotifera were 1.9272, 5.0116 and 3.1878 respectively. The zooplankton abundance and distribution observed in this study showed Pindiga Lake as a very productive ecosystem that can support other higher organisms and a potential for broader ecological studies. There is the need to maintain its ecological integrity through sustainable utilization of its other resources. Keywords: Diversity index Pindiga Lake; Species abundance; Zooplankton
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION BY GATED PIPES AND TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH MIXED WATER ON SOIL, DRAINAGE WATER AND CROP

This study was carried out in Sahl El-Tena (North West of Sinai Peninsula, Egypt; Latitude 30o 59 7 \ and longitude 32o 26 55 \) during the growth seasons 2013, 2014 and 2015. The experimental area was 11.49 hectares,and the experimental site was characterized by a Mediterranean arid climate, with a mean annual rainfall of 33.3 mm and a mean daily temperature of 21.8°C. The main source of irrigation water is El-Slam Channel where water is a mixure of both waste water and Nile fresh water at a ratio of 1:1. Two crops: maize (Zea mays l.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) were chosen and grown because of their high economic and strategic values. Crop yield, water use efficiency and soil properties were concerned under two types of surface irrigation system which were traditional and modified surface irrigation by gated pipes. Statistical analysis was carried out by the SPSS program to drive the significant variance between means. The obtained results revealed that, values of yield and water use efficiency (WUE) with gated pipes were higher than the corresponding ones under the traditional system for the two crops under study. Also, using gated pipes increased both soil EC by small values during the growth seasons but it increased by about 3 (ds m-1­) at 14 August, 2013 and 6 April, 2015. Moreover, the quantity of drainage water under traditional system was higher than under the gated pipe system, therefore, the EC of drainage water under gated pipes system was higher than the corresponding one under the traditional method.
MIGRANTS’ REMITTANCES AND PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION NEXUS: EVIDENCE FROM AN OIL-DEPENDENT ECONOMY

This study examined migrants’ remittances, public expenditure on education and their implications for educational development in Nigeria, using Secondary School enrolment rates (SSER) as a proxy for the latter for the period 1981 to 2017. The study utilised Cointegration and error correction modelling approach in order to minimise the likelihood of producing explosive regression estimates. The empirical findings of the study indicate that Migrants’ remittances received, Public expenditures on Education and Per Capita Income growth rate exert statistically significant positive impacts on educational development in the country, while the association turned negative in the case of population growth rate. The fundamental role played by both migrant’s remittances received and Public expenditures on Education in stimulating educational development was evidently established in the study. The study therefore recommends, among others, the adoption of strategic measures that will help boost the rate of school enrolment in the country by encouraging migrants’ remittances through continuous engagement of Nigerians in the Diaspora in the country’s political and socio-economic affairs, progressive increment in budgetary allocations to the nation’s education sector, as well as enhancing the per capita income of the country through investments in key sectors of the nation’s economy.
Effect of Coping Strategies Program on Quality of Life among Emergency Clinic Nurses Working at Night Shift

Context: The night shift work can have a negative impact on job performance, sleep, physical and emotional health, social life, family life, and level of job –related stress for nurses. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of coping strategies program on quality of life among emergency clinic nurses working at night shift. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to fulfill the aim of this study. The study conducted at Emergency Clinic affiliated to Benha University Hospital. A convenience sample used to achieve the aim of this study. It includes all nurses (60 nurses) who worked at night shift at Emergency Clinic. Three tools utilized in this study: A Structured interviewing questionnaire to assess a nurses' socio-demographic characteristics, Ways of Coping Scale for measuring coping abilities of nurses, and Quality of life Scale for measuring the quality of life for nurses. Results: A result reveals that there is a significant difference between the nurses' quality of life and their coping abilities post-program implementation. Conclusion: This study concluded that coping strategies program was effective, and its results had a drastic improvement in coping abilities and quality of life for nurses working at night shift. The study suggested establishing continuous educational programs for nurses who are working at night shift at Emergency Clinic unit about coping strategies & its effect on their quality of life.
The Aspergillus flavus Susceptibility of Hazelnut Varieties (Corylus avellana L.) in Laboratory Conditions

Iran has suitable conditions for cultivating high-quality varieties of hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.). Most of hazelnut orchards in Iran have been established by planting native genotypes. Aspergillus flavus Link. (AF) is a filamentous fungus affecting hazelnut kernels in orchards and during storage conditions. The most widely explored strategy for reducing aflatoxin contamination is the development of host resistance. The relative susceptibility of 12 native and exogenic hazelnut varieties including Soorii, Gerd-e-Eshkevarat, Gerd-e-Shouk, Navan 1, Fertil du Cortard, Pashmineh 89, Rasmi, Gerje, Ronde du pimount, Shastak, Negret, Gerdooii, to AF contamination was evaluated as in vitro by the kernel screening assay. Hazelnut kernels were surface sterilized and then inoculated with spore suspension (1×106 spores/ml) of AF by dipping method. Experiments were done in a completely randomized design with four replications. After five days of inoculation and incubation at 28 °C, the criteria of the AF growth (sporulation density, SD %) and sporulation rate (SR, spores/ml) on whole (intact) and wounded (cut) kernels of hazelnuts were measured. Results revealed statistical significant differences among hazelnut varieties for the SD% and SR parameters (ρ≤0.05). The Averages SD% and SR of A. flavus on intact and wounded kernels ranged from 16.50-75.14%, 48.25-100% and 14.6×105-16.7×106, 12.6×107-47.6×107, respectively. The highest and lowest SD% on whole and wounded kernels was related to hazelnut varieties Pashmeneh 89 and Gerde-Eshkevarat, respectively. The cultivated variety Gerde-Eshkevarat was recorded as an important potential source of resistance to AF.
Endovascular thrombectomy in patients with large core ischemic stroke: a cost-effectiveness analysis from the SELECT study

Background It is unknown whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is cost effective in large ischemic core infarcts. Methods In the prospective, multicenter, cohort study of imaging selection study (SELECT), large core was defined as computed tomography (CT) ASPECTS<6 or computed tomography perfusion (CTP) ischemic core volume (rCBF<30%) ≥50 cc. A Markov model estimated costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of EVT compared with medical management (MM) over lifetime. The willingness to pay (WTP) per QALY was set at $50 000 and $100 000 and the net monetary benefits (NMB) were calculated. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEAC) for EVT were assessed in SELECT and other pivotal trials. Results From 361 patients enrolled in SELECT, 105 had large core on CT or CTP (EVT 62, MM 43). 19 (31%) EVT vs 6 (14%) MM patients achieved modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–2 (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.11 to 9.62, P=0.03) with a shift towards better mRS (cOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.05 to 4.31, P=0.04). Over the projected lifetime of patients presenting with large core, EVT led to incremental costs of $33 094 and a gain of 1.34 QALYs per patient, resulting in ICER of $24 665 per QALY. EVT has a higher NMB compared with MM at lower (EVT -$42 747, MM -$76 740) and upper (EVT $155 041, MM $57 134) WTP thresholds. PSA confirmed the results and CEAC showed 77% and 92% acceptability of EVT at the WTP of $50 000 and $100 000, respectively. EVT was associated with an increment of $29 225 in societal costs. The pivotal EVT trials (HERMES, DAWN, DEFUSE 3) were dominant in a sensitivity analysis at the same inputs, with societal cost-savings of $37 901, $86 164 and $22 501 and a gain of 1.62, 2.36 and 2.21 QALYs, respectively. Conclusions In a non-randomized prospective cohort study, EVT resulted in better outcomes in large core patients with higher QALYs, NMB and high cost-effectiveness acceptability rates at current WTP thresholds. Randomized trials are needed to confirm these results. Clinical trial registration NCT02446587