Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent transportation systems leveraging next-generation mobile devices, sensors, and networks

Urban transportation is becoming increasingly intelligent and connected, with the potential for high societal, economic, and environmental impact as it changes the way we work and live in cities. Mobile apps today already provide navigation, transit prediction, mobility-on-demand, and other transportation services. Other urban transportation challenges, such as managing traffic congestion with high granularity and wide coverage, accessing real-time transportation and city information on-thego, and deploying driver-less vehicles at scale, are still difficult to address pervasively because existing approaches require costly and slow-to-deploy infrastructure. Our goal is to leverage the technological and marketplace forces of the mobile revolution to build and rapidly deploy pervasive, widespread, infrastructure-less intelligent transportation systems (ITS) that can address the needs of future smart cities. This thesis presents fully-integrated hardware and software systems with working, phonebased prototype deployments in cities. By focusing on pushing new technologies into the device rather than infrastructure, we can realize future ITS for smart cities more rapidly. Together, these systems enable a foundation for resilient, next-generation ITS apps that blur the line between city and software. In the first part of this thesis, we observe the trend of increasingly diverse and varied wireless communications interfaces available on mobile phones, and design and build a prototype of an 802.11p radio that is suited for the power and size constraints mobile devices, allowing them to communicate directly with each other without routing through a router or cellular network. Our evaluation shows reductions in power consumption of 47-56% compared to an off-the-shelf 802.11p radio, and a significantly reduced system footprint, showing that 802.11p can be integrated as a future wireless communications interface on mobile devices. We then propose and design a future ITS application that leverages device-todevice (D2D) communications to enable highly granular, widespread traffic management in cities: RoadRunner. We evaluate RoadRunner with both simulation studies and an experimental deployment on real vehicles to show that it achieves fine-grained traffic management and reduces traffic congestion, while eliminating the need for the
Deep analysis of the transient behavior of centrifugal pumps during startup and shutdown

The transient startup and shutdown of centrifugal pumps is inevitable and its transient performance has thus attracted increasing attention in recent years. This study aims to reveal the transient characteristics of centrifugal pumps during the start-stop process by using the dimensionless analysis method and quasi-steady-state method. The research objects are three typical centrifugal pumps with an impeller structure. The startup process includes quick and slow startup, and the shutdown process includes low-speed and high-speed idle rotation. Results show that the similarity law of centrifugal pumps can be applied to transient hydraulic performance prediction under full flow conditions during slow startup and under small flow conditions during quick startup and idle shutdown. Quick or slow startup does not affect the evolution of the dimensionless power coefficients. The research result may be useful for the design of the new fluidmachinery equipment by utilizing transient hydraulic performance.
Design and verification of novel powertrain management for multi-geared battery electric vehicles

Despite the long-term benefit of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to customers and the environment, the initial cost and limited driving range present the significant barriers for wide spread commercialization. The integration of multi-speed transmission to BEVs’ powertrain systems, which is in place of fixed ratio reduction transmission, is considered as a feasible method to improve powertrain efficiency and extend limited driving range for a fixed battery size. Additionally, regenerative braking also extends the mileage by recapturing the vehicle’s kinetic energy during braking, rather than dissipating it as heat. Both of these two methods reduce the requirement of battery pack capacity of BEVs without loss of performance. However, the motor-supplied braking torque is applied to the wheels in an entirely different way compared to the hydraulic friction braking systems. Drag torque and response delay may be introduced by transmitting the braking torque from the motor through a multi-speed transmission, axles and differential to the wheels. Furthermore, because the motor is usually only connected to one axle and the available torque is limited, the traditional friction brake is still necessary for supplementary braking, creating a blended braking system. Complicated effects such as wheel slip and locking, vehicle body bounce and braking distance variation, will inevitability impact on the performance and safety of braking. The aim of this thesis is to estimate if the multi-speed transmission and the mechanicelectric blended braking system are worthwhile for the customers, in terms of the price/performance relationship of others’ design solutions;
The first molecules in the intergalactic medium and halos of the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn

We study the formation and destruction of the ﬁrst molecules at the epochs of the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn to evaluate the luminosity of the protogalaxy clumps (halos) in the molecular lines. The cosmological recombination is described using the RecFast model of an e ﬀ ective three-level atom, while the chemistry of the molecules is examined using the relevant basic kinetic equations. We then studied the e ﬀ ect of collisional and radiative excitation of molecules on the intensity of molecular emission in both warm and hot halos. Using the Planck data on the reionization of the intergalactic medium at z ∼ 6 − 8 , we evaluated the upper limits of the light energy density for four models of thermal light from the ﬁrst sources that appeared in the Cosmic Dawn epoch. Assuming that in the halos, the light energy density may essentially be even higher, we estimated the impact of the light from the ﬁrst sources (the ﬁrst light) on the formation and destruction of the ﬁrst molecules in them as well as between them. We show that the molecules H 2 and HD are destroyed by photodissociation processes shortly before the full reionization in the inter-halo medium, in the medium of both types of halos and for all models of the ﬁrst light. At the same time, the number density of helium hydride ions, HeH + , shows essentially more complicated dependences on the kinetic temperature of halos and the models of the ﬁrst light. These features characterizing the abundance of molecules also determine the intensity of the halos luminescence during their evolution. Furthermore, we calculated the evolution of the brightness temperature of the individual halo in the rotational lines of H 2 , HD and HeH + molecules relative to the temperature of the cosmic microwave background at redshifts corresponding to the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn epochs. It does not exceed the microkelvin, but its detection may be an important source of information about the physical processes taking place at the beginning of the formation of the ﬁrst stars and galaxies at the epochs of the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn. Its numerical the temperature range (bottom small panel of the left ﬁgure). We also in the main panel of the right ﬁgure the analytical approximation by & Jappsen (2007); Schleicher et al. for comparison. We can see that in the low temperature range ( T they are close. We assume here that the rate of direct photodissociation of molecule HD (HD is the same for molecule
Gated SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging at status-post Thrombolysis with Streptokinase

Background: Adequate reperfusion by thrombolysis (TL) with streptokinase (STK) after an ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with better patient outcome. This study described theattributes of patients who at status-post TL underwent gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (GSMPI). Patients and methods: This cross sectional retrospective study was conducted in 2017 on a group of patients who were referred to Nuclear Cardiology Division of National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS) from February 2005 to October 2016 for GSMPI. Archive was reviewed to include those who received STK with diagnoses of an acute MI, then underwent coronary angiogram (CAG) and then underwent GSMPI. Findings from status-post TL CAG reports were compared with that from GSMPI. Results: Among 1347 patients, 59 (4.4%) were eligible for analysis with mean age of 51.2 ± 9.5 years. GSMPI revealed normal perfusion in 16 (27%), abnormal perfusion in 43 patients with mean LV infarct size at rest of 48.6 ± 17.2% and ischemia in 13 patients with mean ischemic LV of 12.1 ± 9.6%. Mean LVEF in normally perfused LV and in those with perfusion defects were 50.0 ± 18.7% and 39.5 ±14.9%respectively (p = 0.04). CAG was normal in one among 43 patients with abnormal myocardial perfusion. CAG was abnormal in 75% (12 of 16)of patients with normal perfusion. Six (10% of 59) among that 12 with abnormal CAG and normal perfusion had further coronary revascularization (CR). Conclusions: In this series, 27% (16/59) patients who had received STK had normal perfusion and at least in 10% (6/59) the normal perfusion despite an abnormal CAG and without further CR may indicate adequacy of TL using STK. Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 23(1&2): 29-36, 2020
Effectiveness and Implementation Outcome Measures of Mental Health Curriculum Intervention Using Social Media to Improve the Mental Health Literacy of Adolescents

Purpose Globally, adolescent mental health problems reportedly manifest more severely in individuals with lower mental health literacy. Mental health curriculum interventions using social media have been associated with positive implementation outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether such an intervention significantly improves adolescent mental health literacy and is associated with positive implementation outcome measures. Methods This study employed a quasi-experimental design, comparing the before-and-after difference between the intervention group (n1=77) and the control group (n1=76). A mental health literacy module was delivered using social media. Data were collected using validated questionnaires. Effect size and difference-in-differences model calculations (and associated 95% confidence intervals, CI) were conducted alongside other descriptive analyses. Results The estimated intervention effect size and difference-in-differences estimates were greater than zero. The effect was greater in the intervention than in the control group (p<0.05) despite sex and age differences. The effect size estimate provided by Cohen’s d and Hedges’ g values was medium-to-large (d/g=0.429–0.767, p<0.05). The difference-in-differences reflected a significant effect (DID=0.348, CI: 0.154–0.542, p<0.001) in increasing mental health literacy despite differences associated with sex, age, and school grade. The intervention program was acceptable, appropriate, feasible, and satisfactory, and more than 80% of participants said they agree to completely agree with these implementation outcomes. Resources and personal and family-related factors were among the perceived influencing factors determining the effectiveness and implementation outcome measures. Conclusion The intervention program effectively improved the mental health literacy of adolescents. It has been highlighted that social media interventions for mental health promotion could be practical and scalable; however, there is a need to take into account socio-demographic differences and barriers to inclusion/compliance.
Fatigue strength of Bassi LogicTM and Hyflex EDM endodontic instruments in an artificial canal with an extreme curvature

The objective of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the fatigue strength of NiTi instruments in an in vitro model (artificial canal). Ten Hyflex EDM instruments (tip: 10; taper: .05) (Coltene/Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland) and ten Bassi LogicTM instruments (tip: 15; taper: .05) (Bassi Endo, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) were used. For the static bending fatigue strength test, we used a stainless-steel artificial canal with a 5-mm curvature radius, 90º curvature, and inner diameter of 1.5 mm. The instruments were run in the artificial canal until the occurrence of fracture. The time was recorded and the number of cycles was calculated. The length of the fragments was measured and three samples from each group were analyzed using scanning electron micrscopy for the characterization of metal fatigue. The data were compared using the nonparametric Man-Whitney test (samples with non-normal distribution), with the significance level set at 5% (p<0.05). Bassi LogicTM instruments tolerated a greater number of cycles compared to the Hyflex EDM (p < 0.05). Significant differences in fragment size were also found between groups (p < 0.05). Mean fragment size was larger among the Hyflex EDM instruments compared to the Bassi LogicTM instruments.The Bassi LogicTM 15.05 exhibited greater fatigue strength in artificial canals with an accentuated curvature compared to Hyflex EDM 10.05.
Can Blood Ammonia Level, Prehospital Time, and Return of Spontaneous Circulation Predict Neurological Outcomes of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients? A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: This study aimed to test if blood ammonia levels at hospital arrival, considering prehospital time and the patient’s condition (whether return of spontaneous circulation [ROSC] was achieved at hospital arrival), can predict neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study on data from a nationwide OHCA registry in Japan. Patients over 17 years old and whose blood ammonia levels had been recorded were included. The primary outcome was favorable neurological outcome at 30 days after OHCA. Blood ammonia levels, prehospital time, and the combination of the two were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict favorable outcomes. Then, cut-off blood ammonia values were determined based on whether ROSC was achieved at hospital arrival. Results: Blood ammonia levels alone were sufficient to predict favorable outcomes. The overall cut-off ammonia value for favorable outcomes was 138 μg/dL; values were different for patients with ROSC (96.5 μg/dL) and those without ROSC (156 μg/dL) at hospital arrival. Conclusions: Our results using patient data from a large OHCA registry showed that blood ammonia levels at hospital arrival can predict neurological outcomes, with different cut-off values for patients with or without ROSC at hospital arrival.
Perception of Head Teachers and Education Secretaries on Home Grown School Feeding Program in Nigeria

The study investigated head teachers, and, education administrators’ view of the Home Grown School Feeding Program and the associated sociodemographic variables. The study adopted a descriptive cross sectional design. Fifty-four government owned primary schools in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, participated in the study. Head teachers and education secretaries completed a paper-and-pen questionnaire and described their perception about Home Grown School Feeding Program impact on pupil registration, presence, retention, dropout, and the problems that may be associated with the program implementation. SPSS version 23 was used to interpret the data. Results showed that head teachers perception on HGSFP was good on its effect on pupils’ enrolment, attendance, retention, and dropout. Nonexistence of lawful framework and strategy for sustenance of HGSFP, insufficient funding, inability to monitor food preparation, inadequate teaching space and equipment to deal with extra admission were challenges perceived. Sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, education level, and location were not significant (p > .05). Head teachers perception was good though they have their concerns on aspects of implementation. Program implementation agencies should improve funding, monitoring, and educational infrastructure for the smooth running of the program.
Motivated inquiry: ideology shapes responses to the Christian Porter rape allegation

ABSTRACT Objective After learning of the rape allegation against the Attorney-General, Australians were divided in their support for an inquiry. We hypothesised that motivated reasoning on this issue would be associated with ideological preferences. We therefore examined whether perceptions of arguments about the inquiry could be explained by participants’ political orientation, preference for hierarchy (SDO), and motivation to justify the gender status quo (GSJ). Method Three months after the allegation was made public, we recruited a gender-balanced sample of 554 Australians to complete an online survey. Results Participants believed that an article arguing for an inquiry was stronger than an article arguing against an inquiry. However, this effect was weaker among those on the right of the political spectrum and those high on SDO. Political orientation was also associated with differing evaluations of the article’s authors: left-leaning participants found the pro-inquiry author more credible, but right-leaning participants did not. GSJ was not associated with differing evaluations of the articles or their authors. Conclusions These findings suggest that ideological preferences are associated with motivated reasoning when evaluating partisan allegations of sexual misconduct. Evaluations of such allegations appear to vary according to people’s political attitudes and preferences for social equality or hierarchy. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) In early 2021, Australians were deeply divided in their support for an inquiry into the rape allegation against Christian Porter. (2) Individuals tend to respond to political sexual misconduct allegations with a partisan bias. (3) Gender system justification (GSJ) and social dominance orientation (SDO) are associated with the denial of injustice towards women, and the maintenance of social hierarchies, respectively. What this topic adds: (1) Ideological preferences can help to explain how people evaluate arguments about the inquiry. (2) Participants on the political left and those low on SDO evaluated a pro-inquiry article as significantly stronger than the anti-inquiry article, but this effect was reduced amongst those on the right and those high on SDO. (3) These findings provide evidence that political orientation and SDO are associated with motivated reasoning when evaluating partisan allegations of sexual misconduct.
Combined Process of Biogenic Manganese Oxide and Manganese-Oxidizing Microalgae for Improved Diclofenac Removal Performance: Two Different Kinds of Synergistic Effects

Biogenic manganese oxides (Bio-MnOx) have attracted considerable attention for removing pharmaceutical contaminants (PhCs) due to their high oxidation capacity and environmental friendliness. Mn-oxidizing microalgae (MnOMs) generate Bio-MnOx with low energy and organic nutrients input and degrade PhCs. The combined process of MnOMs and Bio-MnOx exhibits good prospects for PhCs removal. However, the synergistic effects of MnOMs and Bio-MnOx in PhCs removal are still unclear. The performance of MnOMs/Bio-MnOx towards diclofenac (DCF) removal was evaluated, and the mechanism was revealed. Our results showed that the Bio-MnOx produced by MnOMs were amorphous nanoparticles, and these MnOMs have a good Mn2+ tolerance and oxidation efficiency (80–90%) when the Mn2+ concentration is below 1.00 mmol/L. MnOMs/Bio-MnOx significantly promotes DCF (1 mg/L) removal rate between 0.167 ± 0.008 mg/L·d (by MnOMs alone) and 0.125 ± 0.024 mg/L·d (by Bio-MnOx alone) to 0.250 ± 0.016 mg/L·d. The superior performance of MnOMs/Bio-MnOx could be attributed to the continuous Bio-MnOx regeneration and the sharing of DCF degradation intermediates between Bio-MnOx and MnOMs. Additionally, the pathways of DCF degradation by Bio-MnOx and MnOMs were proposed. This work could shed light on the synergistic effects of MnOMs and Bio-MnOx in PhCs removal and guide the development of MnOMs/Bio-MnOx processes for removing DCF or other PhCs from wastewater.
PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY OF PURULENT WOUNDS IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS

The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of the method of photodynamic therapy of purulent wounds in conditions of experimental diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on 30 mature male Wistar rats, which were injected with diabetogenic cytotoxin streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also simulated a purulent wound. Various combinations of topical treatments have been used for treatment. A comparative analysis of the use of various methods of treating purulent wounds was carried out using the following methods: clinical, bacteriological, planimetric, histological, and statistical data processing. Results and discussion. In the course of clinical observation, it was found that a day after the modeling of infected wounds, the general condition of the animals could be assessed as moderate: the animals were lethargic, inactive, some of them had sanious discharge from the nose. Wounds in all animals had signs of suppuration: accumulation of liquid fibrinous-hemorrhagic exudate was noted in the cavity of the ring, in some animals there was no exudate. in two experimental groups (B and C), PDT sessions were performed according to the plan; in the control group (A), the wounds were treated with chlorhexidine solution. During the experiment, it was shown that the proposed method for the treatment of purulent wounds against the background of diabetes mellitus makes it possible to optimize the wound process, reduce the time for the appearance of granulations and the filling of mature granulation wounds. The use of photodynamic therapy contributed to the rapid cleansing of wounds, the appearance and marginal epithelization. Microbiological examination testified to the rapid decontamination of wounds. Сonclusions. The use of the photosensitizer 5-ALA in the complex of wound treatment under conditions of photoactivation enhances the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects; This opens up the possibility of a promising use of this complex for antibacterial photodynamic therapy as a new method for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the skin and soft tissues in diabetes mellitus.