Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A census of AGB stars in Local Group galaxies: II. NGC 185 and NGC 147

We present results of our ongoing photometric survey of Local Group galaxies, using a four filter technique based on the method of Wing (1971) to identify and characterise the late-type stellar content. Two narrow band filters centred on spectral features of TiO and CN allow us to distinguish between AGB stars of different chemistries (M-type (O-rich) and C-type (C-rich)). The major parts of two dwarf galaxies of the M 31 subgroup - NGC 185 and NGC 147 - were observed. From photometry in V and i we estimate the tip of the RGB, and derive distance moduli respectively. With additional photometric data in the narrow band filters TiO and CN we identify 154 new AGB carbon stars in NGC 185 and 146 in NGC 147. C/M ratios are derived, as well as mean absolute magnitudesMi� , bolometric magnitudes Mbol, luminosity functions, and the spatial/radial distributions of the C stars in both galaxies.
Stormier Southern Hemisphere induced by topography and ocean circulation

Significance Storms and extreme weather events are stronger in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere. Using an energetic perspective, observations, and climate model simulations, we show that the stormier Southern Hemisphere is induced by topography and the ocean circulation, which transports energy from the Southern to the Northern Hemisphere. We also show that the recent increase in Southern Hemisphere storminess is connected to changes in implied ocean energy transport in the Southern Ocean. Northern Hemisphere storminess has not changed significantly because the ocean changes are opposed by the absorption of sunlight due to the loss of sea ice and snow. These observed changes are qualitatively consistent with climate model projections.
Reliable Robust H∞ Fuzzy Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems With Markovian Jumping Actuator Faults

This paper is concerned with the design of reliable robust H ∞ fuzzy control for uncertain nonlinear continuous-time systems with Markovian jumping actuator faults. The Takagi and Sugeno fuzzy model is employed to represent an uncertain nonlinear system with Markovian jumping actuator faults. First, based on the parallel distributed compensation (PDC) scheme, a sufficient condition such that the closed-loop fuzzy system is robustly stochastically stable and satisfies a prescribed level of H ∞ -disturbance attenuation is derived. In the derivation process, a stochastic Lyapunov function is used to test the stability and H ∞ performance of the system. Then, a new improved linear matrix inequality (LMI) formulation is applied to this condition to alleviate the interrelation between the stochastic Lyapunov matrix and system matrices containing controller variables, which results in a tractable LMI-based condition for the existence of reliable and robust H ∞ fuzzy controllers. A suboptimal fuzzy controller is proposed to minimize the level of disturbance attenuation subject to the LMI constraints. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
‘Nobody comes to help us’: lived experiences and needs of older adults who lost their only child in China

ABSTRACT Purpose This qualitative study aimed to gather insights into the experiences of older adults after losing their only child and explore meaningful life needs as a basis for social interventions. Methods We conducted individual face-to-face interviews with 29 participants from 10 communities in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and then analysed using the inductive category development of conventional content analysis. Results The experience of losing an only child was devastating and linked with a helpless life in old age. The analysis generated the following three themes encompassing their lived experiences and needs: afraid of getting sick, lying on the edge of misery and surrounded by loneliness. Conclusions Losing an only child triggered older adults’ feelings of being misunderstood, disconnected and hopeless. They had an increased likelihood of lacking more on love and belonging, esteem and self-actualization needs than their physiologic and safety needs. Findings from our study will raise awareness on this vulnerable group and help design intervention programmes targeting the specific needs of this neglected segment of the population.
Existence of Forced Oscillations for Some Nonlinear Differential Equations.

Abstract : This article studies the existence of T-periodic solutions for systems of nonlinear second order ordinary differential equations. Assuming function V to be superquadratic, it is shown that this system possesses infinitely many T-periodic solutions. The proof of this result rests on showing that certain homotopy groups of level sets of the functional associated with the system are not trivial. Some more general results concerning systems of another type are also presented.
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOMAGNETIC PULSATIONS AT FREQUENCIES NEAR 1 c/s

This is a report of some particular charac teristi cs of unique natural electromagnetic field varia· tions in the frequ ency range of 3.3 cis to 0.15 cis observed at the earth' s surface. The signals usually exhibit a rising frequency fin e st ructure but variat.ions are observed . The mid period and emission ele ment recurrence period of an event are linearly related. The bursts of activity usually last about 1/2 hr, but a gross recurre nt patte rn may persist, on rare occasions, as long as 12 hr. Pulsations asso· ciated with field lines reaching the greater radial di stances occur near the noon meridian ; midfre· quencies are lower at this time. S ignals are generally not simultaneous at most high latitude stations in the same hemispheres, but the world level of high activity usually persist for several days. AJ· though no seasonal or 27·day solar controlled periodicity was observed the emissions are more likely to occur during high solar activity and in the week following large major magnetic di sturbances. No ionospheric effects associated with the fi eld variations were clearly found . Although no great differ· ence in the number of events was noticed for high and middle latitudes, there was a scarcity of such signals at the equator . Conjugate point stations show uniquely similar activity. There may be an alternation of the fine structure between sta tions in opposite hemispheres on the same earth 's mag· ne tic field line. In the high latitudes, the magnetic flux de nsity vector of the e mission appears to de· scribe a plane perpendicular to the earth's field line, polarized in a counter clockwise sense, and elliptically elongated in the NS direction.
Periodic ferrite–semiconductor layered composite with negative index of refraction

We have studied the index of refraction of periodic layered semiconductor–ferrite composite. Both the transmission matrix analysis and full-wave simulations confirm the existence of a negative index of refraction in the composite. We find that the magnitude of the negative index of refraction and its frequency range depend on the ratio of the semiconductor and ferrite layer thicknesses and the doping content of the semiconductor. At the long-wave approximation, we have obtained the explicit expression of the effective index of refraction, effective permittivity and effective permeability. The result shows that it is possible to fabricate a uniform negative index material with the layered composite.
Host and viral RNA dysregulation during BK polyomavirus infection in kidney transplant recipients

Early detection of BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) would enhance their quality of life and save the allograft. Still, many patients lose their grafted kidneys because of this infection. BKPyV microRNAs (miRNAs) have been detected in KTRs during viral infection. BKPyV produces two mature miRNAs that are named BKV‐miR‐B1‐5p and BKV‐miR‐B1‐3p. Additionally, BKPyV associated nephropathy (BKVAN) in kidney transplanted patients cause changes in the expression level of host genes and miRNAs such as IFN‐ɣ, BCLA2A1, has‐miR‐10, and has‐miR‐30a. BKVAN can alter viral genes and miRNAs expression level, too, like viral miRNAs and T‐Ag. However, their potential value as viral infection markers and the regulatory network produced by their expression during viral‐host interactions needs more consideration since there are no approved medications for treating BKPyV‐related diseases in KTRs. Hence, it is vital to recognize complicated facts regarding the impact of BKPyV infection on the distribution of miRNAs and mRNAs within the host cell and the virus.
Association of Substantia Nigra Degeneration with Poor Neurological Recovery in Basal Ganglia Infarctions

Kijeong Lee, HyungWoo Lee, Young Dae Kim, Hyo Suk Nam, Hye Sun Lee, Joonsang Yoo, Sunghee Cho, Ji Hoe Heo Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, USA Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA Journal of Stroke 2022 Dec 6. [Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.5853/jos.2022. 02145
Application of numerical inner-outer factorization to computation of H/sup /spl infin//-optimal performance

Completes the description of the numerical computation of optimal H/sup /spl infin// performance for single-input/single-output plants. It was previously shown by the authors (1992) that inner-outer factorizations could be computed numerically with uniform accuracy under certain convergence conditions. In the present work, the authors go on to show that convergence of inner factors in the uniform norm leads to convergence of the computed optimal performance. This is because when the values of the plant inner factor are computed with sufficient accuracy, they are the exact values of another inner function that is uniformly close to the true inner function. Since the H/sup /spl infin// performance criteria depend continuously on the inner factors, the authors conclude that computation of these criteria using numerically computed inner factors is robust. In addition, a numerical method for computing coprime factors of a plant is presented. Coprime factorization of the plant is required to compute the H/sup /spl infin// optimal performance when the plant is unstable. Given a single stabilizing compensator, one can use the method described here to obtain a numerical coprime factorization to use in computing the H/sup /spl infin// optimal performance. <<ETX>>
Are the filaments real

The extent to which two selection effects, visual bias and random accidents, enter into the perception of filaments in the CfA catalog is investigated. The minimal spanning tree (MST) algorithm is used to identify the filaments, and a data-permuting technique is used to determine their statistical significance. The suitability of the MST for this purpose is demonstrated. It is found that the filaments are not accidental alignments or illusions; they disappear when the small-amplitude correlations at large scale lengths are removed. This is the first objective, statistical evidence for the physical existence of the filaments. 29 references.
Management of inflammation in dry eye disease: Recommendations from a European panel of experts

Introduction Early initiation of anti-inflammatory therapies is recommended for dry eye disease (DED) to break the vicious cycle of pathophysiology. However, there is limited guidance on how to implement topical ciclosporin (CsA) and corticosteroid treatment into clinical practice. This expert-led consensus provides practical guidance on the management of DED, including when and how to use topical CsA. Methods A steering committee (SC) of seven European DED experts developed a questionnaire to gain information on the unmet needs and management of DED in clinical practice. Consensus statements on four key areas (disease severity and progression; patient management; efficacy, safety and tolerability of CsA; and patient education) were generated based on the responses. The SC and an expanded expert panel of 22 members used a nine-point scale (1 = strongly disagree; 9 = strongly agree) to rate statements; a consensus was reached if ≥75% of experts scored a statement ≥7. Results A stepwise approach to DED management is required in patients presenting with moderate corneal staining. Early topical CsA initiation, alone or with corticosteroids, should be considered in patients with clinical risk factors for severe DED. Patient education is required before and during treatment to manage expectations regarding efficacy and tolerability in order to optimise adherence. Follow-up visits are required, ideally at Month 1 and every 3 months thereafter. Topical CsA may be continued indefinitely, especially when surgery is required. Conclusion This consensus fills some of the knowledge gaps in previous recommendations regarding the use of topical corticosteroids and CsA in patients with DED.
Spectroscopic characterization of a sample of southern visual binaries

Aims. We present the spectroscopic characterization of 56 pairs of visual binaries with similar components, based on high resolution spectra acquired with FEROS at ESO La Silla. Methods. For all stars, we measured radial and rotational velocities and CaII H&K emission. Results. Five previously unknown double lined spectroscopic binaries were found. Six other pairs show velocity differences that are not compatible with the orbital motion of the wide pair, indicating the presence of further companion(s) in the system. The fraction of visual binaries that contain additional spectroscopic components is 27 ± 10%, compatible with other literature estimates. The ages of the components of the pairs derived from chromospheric activity typically show apparent differences of about 0.2 dex. A few pairs show a rather large difference in activity level, but in most cases this is consistent with the variability of chromospheric emission observed for the Sun along its magnetic cycle.
Grammar in ‘agrammatical’ aphasia: What’s intact?

Background Aphasia following cerebro-vascular accidents has been a primary source of insight for models of language in the brain. However, deviant language patterns in aphasia may reflect processing limitations and cognitive impairment more than language impairment per se. Aims We sought to obtain new evidence from spontaneous speech in Broca’s aphasia (BA) for the intactness of grammatical knowledge, operationalized as the preservation of the basic hierarchical structure of syntactic projections. Methods & procedures Speech obtained with the AphasiaBank protocol from 20 people with BA, which were independently rated as also being agrammatic, was analyzed and compared to 20 matched non-brain-damaged controls. We quantified (i) marking of Aspect, Tense, and Modality (A-T-M), which are located at specific (high) layers of the syntactic hierarchy and ordered in relation to one another ([M…[T…[A…]]]); (ii) hierarchies of clausal units ([C…[C]]); (iii) discourse markers embedding clauses, located at the highest layer of the hierarchy; and (iv) attachment of adjuncts at different heights of a given hierarchical syntactic structure. Supplementary evidence was obtained from a typology of errors and from pauses subcategorized according to their hierarchical syntactic position. Outcomes & results Groups did not quantitatively differ on rates of either Aspect or Modality but underproduced T and embedded clauses. Evidence for compensatory effects was seen in both of the latter two cases. While all adjunct types were underproduced in BA, and pauses overproduced, both showed the same relative proportions within both groups. Errors were largely restricted to omissions, of a kind that would also be expected in condensed neurotypical speech. Conclusions Overall, these patterns support the hypothesis of intactness of grammatical knowledge in BA clinically rated as agrammatic, questioning it as a disease model of language impairment.
Training Practices of Football Players During the Early COVID-19 Lockdown Worldwide.

The COVID-19 lockdown challenged the training options of athletes worldwide, including players from the most popular sport globally, football/soccer. PURPOSE The authors explored the training practices of football players worldwide during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS Football players (N = 2482, 30% professional, 22% semipro, and 48% amateur) completed an online survey (May-July 2020) on their training practices before versus during lockdown (March-June 2020). Questions were related to training frequency and session duration, as well as training knowledge and attitudes. RESULTS Before lockdown, more professional (87%) than semipro (67%) and amateur (65%) players trained ≥5 sessions/wk, but this proportion decreased during the lockdown to 55%, 35%, and 42%, respectively. Players (80%-87%) trained ≥60 minutes before lockdown, but this proportion decreased to 45% in professionals, 43% in amateurs, and 36% in semipros during lockdown. At home, more than two-thirds of players had training space (73%) and equipment (66%) for cardiorespiratory training, while availability of equipment for technical and strength training was <50% during lockdown. Interactions between coach/trainer and player were more frequent (ie, daily) among professional (27%) than amateur (11%) and semipro (17%) players. Training load monitoring, albeit limited, was mostly performed by fitness coaches, more so with professionals (35%) than amateurs (13%) and semipros (17%). The players' training knowledge and attitudes/beliefs toward training were relatively modest (50%-59%). CONCLUSION COVID-19 lockdown negatively affected training practices of football players worldwide, especially amateurs and semipros, for example, in training frequency, duration, intensity, technical, recovery, and other fitness training and coaching-related aspects. During lockdown-like situations, players should be monitored closely and provided appropriate support to facilitate their training.
On discontinuous additive functionals and Lévy measures of a Markov process

Introduction.1) In M. Motoo-S. Watanabe [5] we have investigated the class m of square-integrable additive functionals which are martingales. The first purpose of this paper is to determine the structure of the subspace md which is defined as the orthogonal complement of the space mc formed of all continuous elements of m. As a corollary we can obtain the general form of the quasi-left continuous purely discontinuous additive functionals which was first obtained by M. Motoo.2) At the same time we see that we can give a definition of the Levy measure by means of these additive functionals and we shall discuss some properties of it. The author wishes to express his hearty thanks to Prof. M. Motoo for his kind encouragement and valuable suggestions.
Development of Nd-doped solid-state laser materials for 944 nm operation

We have grown neodymium-doped mixed apatite crystals [(Sr/sub 1-x/Ba/sub x/)/sub 5/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/F, Sr/sub 5/(P/sub 1-x/V/sub x/O/sub 4/)/sub 3/F, and Ba/sub 5/(P/sub 1-x/V/sub x/O/sub 4/)/sub 3/F] and spectroscopically studied them as potential gain media for a laser source for atmospheric water sensing operating at 944.11 nm. We conclude that an appropriate apatite host material for a 944.11 nm laser should be a mixture of Sr/sub 5/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/F. With a small fraction of Ba/sub 5/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/F. Precise wavelength tuning around 944.11 nm can be accomplished by varying the host composition, temperature, and threshold population inversion. In apatite crystals of mixed composition, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) loss at 1.06 /spl mu/m is predicted to be significantly smaller than that in the end members.
Impact location and load identification through inverse analysis with bounded uncertain measurements

The growing demand for real-time damage assessment necessitates development of an efficient inverse analysis algorithm with consideration of practical issues such as uncertainty in measurement. A mathematical model-based inverse analysis scheme is proposed to identify impact locations and reconstruct impact load time history of a simply supported plate through multiple levels of analysis. The proximity of the impact location is first determined by the triangulation method and the impact location is then refined by minimization of an objective function through the particle swarm optimization method (PSO). Loss of data due to filtration is addressed in a further level by performing an interval analysis based on extreme measurement errors. The outcome of the analyses is a mean impact location, a load time history, and a range of likely deviations. The extreme deviation in impact location is shown by bounding lines, which form a rectangle. The deviation in load time history is also shown by upper and lower bounding sinusoidal curves. The results of the analyses indicate that the proposed method can effectively locate the impact point and reconstruct the load time history even with the existence of noise in the measured response.
Large deviations and law of the iterated logarithm for partial sums normalized by the largest absolute observation

Let (X n , 1 ≤ n < ∞) be a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables in the domain of attraction of a stable law with index 0 < α < 2. The limit of x n -l log P(S n /max|Xi| ≥ x n ) is found when x n - α and x n /n - 0. The large deviation result is used to prove the law of the iterated logarithm for the self-normalized partial sums.
SEVERE CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019: FROM PATHOGENESIS TO THERAPY

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has been a challenge to propose efficient therapies. Because severe SARS-CoV2 infection is a viral sepsis eventually followed by an immunological autoinflammatory phenomenon, many approaches have been inspired by the previous attempts made in bacterial sepsis, while specific antiviral strategies (use of interferon or specific drugs) have been additionally investigated. We summarize our current thinking on the use of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals, corticosteroids, anti–IL-1, anti-IL-6, anti-C5a, as well as stem cell therapy in severe COVID-19. Patient stratification and appropriate time window will be important to be defined to guide successful treatment.