Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes of Allergenicity and Conformational Structure of Egg Ovomucoid by Gamma Irradiation in the Basic Condition

This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of gamma radiation for reducing egg allergies through the observation of conformational, allergenic changes of egg ovomucoid (OM) in basic pH conditions. An OM solution of 2.0 mg/mL was individually prepared with different pH conditions, pH 7.0, 9.0 or 10.0,, was irradiated with the absorbed dose of 10 kGy. Irradiated OM solutions were tested by Ci-ELISA formatted with egg-hypersensitive patients' IgE. Binding abilities of IgE to OM in irradiated solution decreased with the increase of pH. Turbidity of the solution highly increased by irradiation, the increase of pH. A yellowish color was observed in the irradiated OM solution of basic condition. Coagulation of OM by irradiation decreased with the increase of pH, when observed by SDS-PAGE.
Macrobenthic ecology of the West Shetland Slope

An unusual and complex hydrographic regime in the Faeroe-Shetland Channel makes it one of the best-studied oceanographic provinces in the world. However, few benthic ecological studies of the region have been undertaken since the early 1880s. The present study examines the influence of a number of environmental variables on macrobenthic faunal distribution on the West Shetland Slope. Macrobenthic samples were collected by corer and grab along a depth transect in 1996 and 1998. The macrofauna studied were retained on 500 m and 250 m sieves enabling comparisons to be made between samples taken using these two sieve sizes. The addition of the 250 m-to-500 m size fraction to the >500 m size fraction resulted in an increase in species diversity (31% at the 150 m station) and species richness (38% at the 800 m station). Faunal abundance was also seen to increase by an average of 40% per station when combining the smaller size fraction. The results also illustrated that water temperature appears to be the major environmental variable controlling benthic macrofaunal distribution (especially in terms of standing stock), polychaete species diversity, feeding modes and restriction of polychaete species to specific temperature bands. Other environmental variables such as sediment grain size and total organic carbon also influenced macrofaunal distribution although to a lesser degree. The level of taxonomic resolution required was investigated and the conclusion drawn was that to achieve adequate discrimination between stations for this area, the macrofauna should be identified to species level.
Genome evolution and speciation : insights from cichlid, coelacanth, and Xiphophorus fish

Cichlid fishes are famous for large, diverse and replicated adaptive radiations, most dramatically in the Great Lakes of East Africa. To understand both the molecular mechanisms underlying cichlid phenotypic diversity and the stunning number of diverse species, we sequenced the genomes and transcriptomes of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a weakly radiating ancestral lineage, and four members of the East African lineage: Neolamprologus brichardi/pulcher (representing an older radiation in Lake Tanganyika), Metriaclima zebra (recent Lake Malawi radiation), Pundamilia nyererei (very recent Lake Victoria radiation), and Astatotilapia burtoni which lives in and around Lake Tanganyika but has not radiated. We found that East African cichlids are characterized by an excess of gene duplication compared to Tilapia and other teleosts; an abundance of non-coding and coding sequence whose evolution has accelerated; expression divergence associated with transposable element insertions in orthologous gene pairs; and regulation by novel miRNAs. Rapid cichlid speciation is associated with genomically widespread diversifying selection on coding and regulatory variants, some of which were recruited from ancient polymorphisms. Synthesis of these data suggests that periods of relaxed purifying selection and amassing standing variation shaped cichlid genomes and preceded subsequent evolutionary diversification based on a variety of genomic changes. Chapter 5 –African cichlid genome evolution
Momento de aplicação do nitrogênio e algumas variáveis estruturais e bromatológicas do capim-massai

Tropical forage plants have a high potential for mass production of fodder, subject to soil and climatic conditions, especially with nitrogen fertilization. The magnitude of the response depends on the timing of availability of nutrients and forage plant needs in the regrowth. Thus, this work was carried out to evaluate structural and bromatologic characteristics of the Panicum maximum Jacq cv. Massai in response to four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120mg/dm3) and with three application times after cutting (one, three and seven days) in a 4 x 3 factorial treatment combination, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The increase in the rate of tillering, tiller population density, dry mass total leaf production and crude protein levels was 42%, 65%, 770% and 35%, respectively for the dose of 120mg / dm³ regarding the absence of fertilization. The neutral detergent and acid detergent fibers showed a decrease of 6% and 9% with nitrogen addition. Dry mass total leaf production responded to times of nitrogen application after cutting, with little significant values. Nitrogen fertilization has a positive effect on the variables studied, but new studies should be conducted to define the timing of nitrogen fertilization after cutting, for better utilization of this nutrient by plants.
Dicynodont (Therapsida) bone histology: phylogenetic and physiological implications

The bone histology of humeri of a number of taxonomically well established and easily defmable dicynodont genera is described and compared. The bone of Aulacephalodon, Cistecephalus, Dicynodon, Endothiodon, Lystrosaurus, Kannemeyeria and Oudenodon consists of alternating fibro-lamellar and lamellated bone tissue, while that of Diictodon consists only of fibro-lamellar tissue. The presence of fibro-lamellar bone in all the genera studied, indicates that the bone was deposited rapidly, but the occurrence of lamellated bone tissue suggests that all the genera except Diictodon, also had intermittent periods of slow growth. This is the first time that a comparative study of bone histology of different dicynodont genera has been attempted by using one particular bone element to standardise intergeneric comparisons.
Response of yield and quality of winter guava to severity of summer pruning

An experiment was undertaken to improve the fruit yield and quality of monsoon flushed guava crop by regulating flowering of spring-flushed crop using varying shoot pruning intensities (25 to 75%) under subtropical condition of Western Uttar Pradesh. Summer pruning of spring flushed bearing shoot of current season was found significantly effective in increasing the production of superior quality fruits in winter guava. With the increase in summer pruning severity, yield and quality of winter guava was improved significantly up to 33% pruning intensity. On the other hand, rainy season crop showed almost a reverse trend and fruit yield was inversely related to severity of pruning. The maximum yield in rainy season was recorded with unpruned shoot trees, while fruit yield was significantly reduced in trees receiving severe pruning. However, the fruit quality of rainy season guava was improved maximum with moderate pruning (33%). Among all the shoot pruning treatments, the maximum total cumulative yield (57.30 kg/tree) and better quality fruits of both the seasons were obtained with moderately pruned trees. Hence, moderate pruning of bearing shoot of current season's growth just before bud opening in summer was significantly most effective in improving the production of monsoon flushed crop and fruit quality of spring and monsoon flushed crops in guava.
Aspergillus flavus

Global food safety issues of peanut consumption I: Aflatoxin contamination and prevention ISU GLOBAL KEAMANAN PANGAN KACANG TANAH I: Kontaminasi Aflatoksin dan Cara Pencegahan Saat Prapanen Berdasar Bioekologi Aspergillus flavus
INSULIN-MEDIATED REGULATION OF MUSCLE PROTEIN TURNOVER IN HEALTHY HUMANS

Only basal concentrations of insulin (i.e., 3-10 /lUemrl) appear to be required for the maximal stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) during sustained hyperaminoacidemia in healthy adult humans at rest and during resistance exercise recovery. Whether plasma insulin at greater than basal concentrations can further stimulate MPS after the feeding of an MPS-saturating bolus dose of whole protein remains unexplored. We investigated the potential for insulin, via increased carbohydrate consumption, to augment mixed MPS, femoral artery blood flow, and muscle anabolic signalling at rest and after resistance exercise when co-ingested with whey protein at a dose previously shown to maximally stimulate MPS. Nine men (23.0 ± 1.9 y, 24.2 ± 2.1 kgem-) performed two trials consisting of a bout of unilateral knee extension exercise (4 sets x 8-12 RM to failure) followed by ingestion ofa drink containing 25g of whey protein (PRO) or 25g of whey protein-plus-50g ofmaltodextrin (PRO+CARB). The trials were conducted in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over fashion. Muscle biopsies and stable isotope methodology were used to measure MPS. The areas under the glucose and insulin curves were l7-fold (P < 0.05) and 5-fold (P < 0.05) greater, respectively, for PRO+CARB than for PRO. Femoral artery blood flow was increased after exercise (P < 0.05) but was not different between PRO and PRO+CARB. Exercise increased MPS (P < 0.05), but there were no differences between PRO and PRO+CARB in the resting or exercised legs. Phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) was greater in the PRO+CARB than the PRO trial (P < 0.05), and phosphorylation of Akt (P = 0.05) and acetyl coA carboxylase-p (ACC; P < 0.05) was greater after exercise than at rest. There was no
Aquatic territory defence by male harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) at Miquelon - relationship between active defence and male reproductive success

Pinnipeds have unique phylogenetic and environmental constraints which increase the potential for male polygyny. Most of the land-breeding species are polygynous. Less is known about the mating systems of water-breeding pinnipeds, like harbour seals. Harbour seals have many characteristics which suggest at least a low level of polygyny. The purpose of this study is to determine: 1) if male harbour seals are competing for females by displays and/or territorial maintenance and 2) whether these competitive tactics are linked to siring progeny. -- The paternity results from DNA fingerprinting, using Jeffreys' 33.15 and 33.6 probes on a captive group, indicated that this technique could be used successfully to determine paternities in harbour seals. Observed copulation did not predict male reproductive success. -- Paternity tests were conducted on five adult males and thirteen mother- pup pairs, caught in one study area at Miquelon. Two mother-pups pairs were excluded from the paternity analyses, as they had very low band-sharing coefficients suggesting that these females were fostering pups. Three of the displaying males had fathered pups, while one displaying male and non- displaying male had not. -- The aquatic display behaviour, haul-out patterns and aggressive interactions of nine identified males were video-taped during two consecutive breeding seasons. Site-specific simultaneous displays occurred regularly between neighbouring males, establishing territory boundaries. Males defending more boundaries displayed at significantly higher rates than males with fewer boundaries. These results indicated that displays were for boundary defence and not self-advertisement. Intruder males were forced from haul-out areas through aggressive interactions. Territorial males did father some pups suggesting that there is reproductive success associated with territory defence. Some males were never seen displaying and may have been adopting an alternate mating strategy. The deep channels at Miquelon create physically bounded-water ways through which females and pups must pass. The topography at Miquelon appears to facilitate aquatic territory establishment and the defence of areas proximate to females.
Chemical quality of strained honey consumed in Ankara

Bu calisma, Ankara’da tuketime sunulan suzme ballarin bazi kimyasal ozellikleri yonunden kalitelerini ve Turk Gida Kodeksi Bal Tebligine uygunluklarini belirlemek amaciyla yapilmistir. Bu kapsamda, analize alinan 35 suzme cicek ve 35 suzme cam bali ornegi olmak uzere toplam 70 suzme bal ornegi rutubet miktari, asitlik, diastaz sayisi, hidroksimetil furfurol, invert seker, sakkaroz, ticari glikoz, kul, nisasta ve polen yonunden incelenmistir. Analiz sonuclarina gore cicek bali orneklerinden % 80’ninin, cam bali orneklerinden % 31.43’unun Turk Gida Kodeksi Bal Tebligine uygun olmadigi belirlenmistir. Yapilan polen analizinde cicek ballarinin % 5.71’inde rhododendron polenleri saptanmistir. Sonuc olarak Ankara’da tuketime sunulan suzme ballarin uretiminde yetistiricinin bilgilendirilmesinin, uretim ve satis asamalarinda denetimin arttirilmasinin halk sagliginin ve tuketici haklarinin korunmasi acisindan gerekli oldugu gorusune varilmistir
Decreased expression of FcγRIII (CD16) by γδ T cells in patients withrheumatoid arthritis

Some γδ T cells express a receptor for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (FcγRIII – CD16). The relevance of this Fc receptor to γδ T‐cell function is at present unclear. Our previous studies have shown that γδ T cells express activation markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we have examined the relative proportions of CD16+γδ T cells in the blood and synovial fluid of these patients compared with control blood. CD16+γδ T cells from RA patients were significantly reduced in synovial fluid compared with the circulation. That this was due to blocking of antibody binding to CD16 was unlikely as treatment of blood γδ T cells with RA synovial fluid (known to contain immune complexes) failed to alter expression of CD16. Treatment of blood γδ T cells with phytohaemagglutinin in vitro, resulted in a time‐dependent decrease in expression of CD16, with a concomitant increase in expression of human leucocyte antigen‐DR, at the single cell level. We conclude that expression of CD16 by γδ T cells is lost in the synovial compartment as the result of activation.
Critical Thinking Skills Used Among University Students in Reading Comprehension

The objective of this study was to investigate the frequencies of using critical thinking in reading among university students namely; interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. The quantitative method was used in this study. The respondents of this study were 100 second year undergraduate students of Ar-raniry State Islamic University, Banda Aceh. The data needed for the study were collected through a set of questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed quantitatively in the form of percentages. The results showed that inference was the critical thinking skill mostly about 54% of students used in reading comprehension. In addition, the next types of critical thinking skills used by students in order were analysis, explanation, evaluation, interpretation, and self-regulation. Self-regulation was the least skill about 5% of them practised by students in reading comprehension. It indicated that the frequency of using critical thinking skills among university students were more on inference level in reading comprehension.
Isolation and identification of moretenol from Ficus deltoidea leaves.

Ficus deltoidea or ‘mas cotek’ is among the most popular traditional medicinal plants in Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo Island. However, information on chemical constituents of this herb is very limited. This paper reports on the isolation of moretenol from the methanolic extract of Ficus deltoidea leaves using vacuum liquid chromatography and open column chromatography techniques. The structure elucidation of moretenol was carried out using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometer as well as mass spectrometer data. It was concluded that dried F. deltoidea leaves contained 0.04% moretenol and can be suggested as a chemical marker. Determination of moretenol levels can assist the selection and harvesting processes of F. deltoidea accessions for plantation or product development in the future. Keywords: isolation; Ficus deltoidea; moretenol; NMR; identification
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS DANLEVERAGETERHADAP KUALITAS LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage terhadap kualitas laba. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel dari 21 perusahaan manufaktur barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dimana hanya perusahaan yang melaporkan laporan keuangan dari tahun 2011-2013. Metode analisis dari penelitian ini menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat pengaruh negatif dan signifikan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kualitas laba. (2) tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan profitabilitas terhadap kualitas laba. (3) terdapat pengaruh negatif dan signifikan likuiditas terhadap kualitas laba. (4) tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan leverage terhadap kualitas laba. (5) terdapat pengaruh signifikan ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan leverage terhadap kualitas laba. Kata kunci: Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage, dan Kualitas Laba
Design and optimization of voltage clamps for voltage source inverters

The authors describe various voltage clamp circuits for voltage source inverters, operated either in the hard switching or soft switching mode. The characteristics of the different circuits are compared, and the theoretical results are supported by experimental measurements. Design procedures and design rules are set out and used to optimally design the clamp circuits. The designs are optimized with regard to design time, peak component voltage stresses, and the required minimum on- and off-states of the main switches. <<ETX>>
Diversidad intraespecífica y factores de virulencia en el “complejo de especies de Aeromonas hydrophila” (A. Hydrophila, A. Salmonicida, A. Bestiarum).

The genus Aeromonas comprises 26 currently recognized species, some of them divided in to several subspecies. They are ubiquitous in fresh water, but found in chlorinated, brackish and marine water. Aeromonas strains are obtained from a wide variety of foods, as well as clinical samples. Aeromonas species are the cause of intestinal and extra-intestinal infections although the mechanisms that cause bacterial diarrhoea are not yet clearly established. The “A. hydrophila complex” (A. hydrophila, A. salmonicida, A. bestiarum, A. piscicola and A. popoffii), includes A. salmonicida, an important pathogen of fish, and A. hydrophila, an opportunistic pathogen in humans. The virulence of these species is multifactorial and involves complex pathogenic mechanisms associated with toxins (cytotoxic and cytotonic), proteases, haemolysins, lipases, adhesins, agglutinins, pili, etc. A phylogenetic study was performed from a collection of 128 strains belonging to the “A. hydrophila complex", determining partial sequences of dnaJ, cpn60, gyrB and rpoD genes, this analysis allowed us to clarify the taxonomy of this group of Aeromonas species, showing a polyphyletic origin that challenges the existence of the group as such. The population analysis of the studied strains revealed as strong linkage disequilibrium, typical of a clonal population, and a high genetic diversity. We also studied the prevalence and distribution of different virulence factors in the population to establish its pathogenic potential. For this purpose, we determined several enzymatic activities and the antibiotic sensitivity profile of these strains. We also detected the presence of act (aerolysin), alt (cytotonic toxin) and ast (cytotonic toxin) genes by PCR as well as the adhesion capacity and cytopathic effect of the strains on the Caco-2 cell line. The results obtained revealed a high pathogenic of potential the studied Aeromonas strains, regardless of their origin.
Approximate polytope membership queries

We consider an approximate version of a fundamental geometric search problem, polytope membership queries. Given a convex polytope P in REd, presented as the intersection of halfspaces, the objective is to preprocess P so that, given a query point q, it is possible to determine efficiently whether q lies inside P subject to an error bound ε. Previous solutions to this problem were based on straightforward applications of classic polytope approximation techniques by Dudley (1974) and Bentley et al. (1982). The former yields minimum storage, and the latter yields constant query time. A space-time tradeoff can be obtained by interpolating between the two. We present the first significant improvements to this tradeoff. For example, using the same storage as Dudley, we reduce the query time from O(1/ε(d-1)/2) to O(1/ε(d-1)/4). Our approach is based on a very simple algorithm. Both lower bounds and upper bounds on the performance of the algorithm are presented. To establish the relevance of our results, we introduce a reduction from approximate nearest neighbor searching to approximate polytope membership queries. We show that our tradeoff provides significant improvements to the best known space-time tradeoffs for approximate nearest neighbor searching. Furthermore, this is achieved with constructions that are much simpler than existing methods.
Co)variance Components for Birth and Weaning Weights of Shorthorn Beef Cattle in Australia and the United States

(Co)variance components and genetic parameters for birth (BW) and weaning weights (WW) of Shorthorn beef cattle in Australia (AU) and the United States (US) were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Five different uni- and bivariate models were used to fit both traits within each country. In Model 1, only a direct genetic effect (a) was fitted. In Models 2 and 3, a maternal genetic effect (m) was added. A genetic covariance between direct-maternal effects [cov(a, m)] was ignored (model 2) or included (model 3). Models 4 and 5 both m and maternal permanent environment effects (pe), were allowed from model 1, and assumed cov(a,m) in the same manner as model 2 and 3, respectively. When ignoring m effect, the direct heritability estimates were inflated and differed markedly from other models. The likelihood ratio test showed that model 5 was the best fit for both traits in the US while models 2 and 4 were the fittest for BW and WW in AU, respectively. The estimates of direct, maternal, total heritabilities, and maternal permanent environment variance of the full model in AU and in the US (in parentheses) were 0.46 (0.48), 0.09 (0.05), 0.42 (0.42) and 0.00 (0.06) for BW, and 0.23 (0.32), 0.16 (0.09), 0.24 (0.26) and 0.13 (0.10) for WW, respectively. After m and pe were fitted, the estimate of total heritability decreased slightly for BW in both countries and for WW in AU, but decreased re-markedly for WW in the US. Estimate of direct-maternal genetic correlation was moderately negative and tended to be more negative after pe was fitted for both traits in the US. The parameters estimates using bivariate analysis were not different to the results from univariate analysis. This analysis yielded additive and maternal genetics correlations between BW and WW. These estimates were positive and medium to high correlation, which were higher in AU than in the US. Correlation of estimated breeding values for direct additive and maternal genetics between the full model and others were high and close to unity. The differences of some parameters between both countries indicate that joint genetic evaluation might require genotype by environment interaction to be considered.