Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EmergencyNet: Efficient Aerial Image Classification for Drone-Based Emergency Monitoring Using Atrous Convolutional Feature Fusion

Deep learning-based algorithms can provide state-of-the-art accuracy for remote sensing technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)/drones, potentially enhancing their remote sensing capabilities for many emergency response and disaster management applications. In particular, UAVs equipped with camera sensors can operating in remote and difficult to access disaster-stricken areas, analyze the image and alert in the presence of various calamities such as collapsed buildings, flood, or fire in order to faster mitigate their effects on the environment and on human population. However, the integration of deep learning introduces heavy computational requirements, preventing the deployment of such deep neural networks in many scenarios that impose low-latency constraints on inference, in order to make mission-critical decisions in real time. To this end, this article focuses on the efficient aerial image classification from on-board a UAV for emergency response/monitoring applications. Specifically, a dedicated Aerial Image Database for Emergency Response applications is introduced and a comparative analysis of existing approaches is performed. Through this analysis a lightweight convolutional neural network architecture is proposed, referred to as EmergencyNet, based on atrous convolutions to process multiresolution features and capable of running efficiently on low-power embedded platforms achieving upto $20\times$ higher performance compared to existing models with minimal memory requirements with less than $\text{1}\%$ accuracy drop compared to state-of-the-art models.
Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Growth and Utilization of Protein and Energy by Juvenile Mangrove Red Snapper （ Lutjanus argentimaculatus ）

A feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating water system to investigate the effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed utilization, hepatosomatic index and liver lipid deposition of juvenile red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus(average initial wet weight 8.0 ± 0.39 g and total length 3.14±0.3 cm). In the experiment, six fishmeal-based diets were formulated to contain various protein levels (20% to 45% in 5% increments), with dietary energy ranging from 2 210.7 kJ 100 g to 2 250.2 kJ 100 g dry matter. The protein to energy ratios of diets ranged from 8.58 mgprotein kJ-1 to 20.03 mgprotein kJ-1.Diets were fed for 90d to triplicate groups of fish stocked in 0.128 m3 seawater tanks, 25 individuals each. The daily ration of 2% wet body weight was offered to the fish thrice a day. The fish at the end of the study had more than ten-fold (77.0 g) increase in weight compared to the initial (8.0 g). Fish fed diets of 40% and 45% protein produced significantly (P ＜ 0.05) higher weight gain of 77.2 g and 76.5 g, and specific growth rate (SGR) of 2.65% and 2.62% than those of 67.0 g and 68.3 g,and 2.49% and 2.51% of the other diets. The broken-line regression of SGR against dietary protein level yielded an optimum dietary protein requirement of 42.6% ( Y=- 1.6295 + 0.1114 X2, P ＜ 0.05). Survival remained 100% among groups. Feed conversion ratio decreased from 0.45 for fish fed 20% dietary protein to 0.35 for fish fed 45% dietary protein. Nitrogen intake increased with an increase in dietary protein, which in turn resulted in an increase in nitrogen gain of fish whole body.Fish fed 40% and 45% protein diets showed higher (P ＜ 0.05) nitrogen gain (0.27 g and 0.26 g) than those (0.23 g and 0.25 g)fed all other diets. Gross energy intake (GEI)in fish fed 45% protein was lower (600.67 kJ)than that (607.97 kJ) of 40%protein diet, though the differences were not statistically significant (P ＞0.05); GEI ranging from 677.31 kJ to 663.20 kJ at remaining four diets (20% to 35% protein) did not appear to differ si
Zebra finches show spatial avoidance of near but not far distance traffic noise

Traffic noise is on the rise worldwide. Birds have been reported to decrease in number and diversity near highways. This could be indirectly caused by traffic if birds avoid overall poorer habitat quality near highways or directly if birds actively avoid noisy conditions. To test whether traffic noise directly affects birds’ spatial preferences, we designed a preference test where zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) could move freely between noisy and quiet aviaries that only differed in the type of noise playbacks. During playback of high amplitude traffic noise recorded near from highways (5–15 m), birds spent significantly more time in the quieter aviary. Such spatial preferences were not observed during playbacks of moderate amplitude traffic noise recorded further away (200–400 m). Our result provides experimental support for the growing notion that traffic noise itself rather than the presence of vehicles may suffice to deter birds from busy roads.
Packaging strategies: knowledge outlook on consumer buying behaviour

Packaging is a mantra for encountering a period of immense potential. It keeps on being seen as a key component in the buying decision, and also it is exhibited as a brand communication gadget that goes past the products and can interface with customers in both the physical and virtual forms. The research aspiration is to establish that the speculation of packaging approaches will influence on buyers’ purchasing mode. An attempt has been made to examine and present the results. This research facilitates to discern the perception of consumer in the direction of packaging strategies and to spot the power of packaging factors, elements and strategies of product packaging on purchasing mode of buyers. ,Data were collected from 836 respondents from the four major cities of two states in India through structure questionnaire. Every age of the respondents was targeted in the this study to get their perception and buying mode of them, and the analysis was done by using analysis of variance, correlation and regression analysis by using 23.0 version of SPSS. ,The consequence of research reveals that media exposures, packaging strategies and elements have better influence on the buyers’ buying mode. Business people must produce innovative bundling designs for their items to market. These allow the keeping and catching the new and existed customers, because packaging has superior influence and also helps in acquiring and retaining the new consumers for their new products. ,This study being at micro level considered that the city customers may not be similar to the rural customers. Hence, the perception of rural and urban may not be much different. A sample size is 836 drawn from the four major cities of two states in India; therefore, the sample may not represent the whole population of India. Hence, the limitation of generalization will be there. The elicited opinion of consumers may not be reliable all the times, and study considered only some of FMCG products. ,The study theme is to establish the theory as stated earlier, and it's proved consumers are considering the packaging styles and designs while purchasing the products, which promotes to meet the expectations of the present and potential customers.
Physicochemical, antioxidant and sensory characteristics of cookies supplemented with different levels of spent coffee ground extract

Azuan, A. A. Mohd Zin, Z. ,Hasmadi, M. ,Rusli, N.D. and Zainol, M.K. Faculty of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia Institute of Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
Anomalous dynamic response and failure of sandwich structures subjected to underwater impulsive loads

Dynamic response of metallic sandwich structures subjected to water-based impulsive loadings is analyzed experimentally. The effects of the core, the impulsive intensity, and the loading area on the transmitted impulse, transverse deflection, failure modes, and associated mechanisms are identified and quantified. The four kinds of sandwich structures with the weak face–core interface strength are subjected to underwater impulses of three intensities, with a divergent underwater explosive simulator. The results show that the asymmetric failure mode and reverse deformation caused by the counterintuitive behavior are significant failure modes for the sandwich structures. This anomalous response is confirmed to depend on the effects of the core, the impulsive intensity, and the loading area. The core effect influences the magnitude and the asymmetric distribution of transmitted impulse, which is considered as the main reason for the counterintuitive behavior of sandwich structures. The deflection of the sandwich panels, as well as the failure modes, is also discussed.
Experimental Assessment of Dust Emissions on Compacted Soils Degraded by Traffic

Haul traffic on earthworks runways during construction works is an important factor of dust emission. Compacted soils surface become progressively degraded as the number of wheels passing increases. Fine particles are then segregated from the soil surface and lifted when the shear stress generated by the flow above the surface increases, leading to the worsening of air quality and reduction of visibility. Laboratory tests were performed to assess dust emissions on traffic degraded soils. Mixtures of kaolin clay and sand were compacted using a laboratory roller compactor and were degraded using a vehicle simulator. Models describing the evolutions of soil degradation and Particle Size Distribution (PSD) during traffic were established. Then, the velocity profiles above each soil sample were obtained in a wind tunnel. The experimental results were analyzed to determine the Reynolds shear stresses generated by the turbulence of the flow. PSD, degradation and stresses were implemented in the Convective Turbulent Dust Emission (CTDE) model to estimate the dust emission flux of the soils for several passes of the wheel. A comparison between results from the model and field measurements underlines that turbulence is not the main contributor to dust emissions when a vehicle is in motion.
Biologia e consumo do predador Cal/ida sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) criado em Anticarsia gemmatalis I-Iübner, 181

Com o objetivo de conhecer a biologia e o potencial de consumo do carabideo predador Cal/ida sp. , conduziram-se estudos de laboratorio em Londrina, PR. Sob as condicoes de 260C ± 20C de temperatura e 60% ± 10% de umidade relativa, a duracao media para o periodo de ovo a adulto foi de 32 dias, verificando- se que a maior mortalidade ocorreu no terceiro instar larval (26,67%). Quanto ao peso do corpo das larvas, constatou-se que o acrescimo maior (7,73 mg) ocorreu tambem no terceiro instar. O consumo total medio do periodo larval foi de 65.58 lagartas do segundo instar deAnticarsia geitunatalis 1-lubner, 1818, sendo que 83,3% do alimento foi consumido pelas larvas de terceiro instar. O consumo diario medio das diferentes larvas foi de 0,63, 1,93 e 6,20 lagartas para o primeiro, segundo e terceiro instares, respectivamente. Considerando-se que os adultos de Cal/a/a sp. consumiram uma media diaria de 48,10 lagartas pequenas e tiveram uma longevidade media de 49,22 dias, conclui-se que o seu potencial de consumo durante esta fase e sigmftcativo, mostrando, entretanto, preferencia pelas lagartas do segundo instar de A. geminatalis.
Assessing the Role of a Putative Response Regulator in Sunscreen Biosynthesis in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133

Under exposure to ultra violet radiation (UVR), some cyanobacteria can produce scytonemin, which is a yellow to brown, lipid-soluble, nonfluorescent, very stable sunscreen compound. A genomic region associated with scytonemin biosynthesis has been identified in the filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133 (PCC 73102) that contains 18 adjacent genes transcribed in a single direction. Most of the genes in the upstream region of the cluster code for unique proteins and are expected to be involved directly in scytonemin biosynthesis. Further genomic characterization of this gene cluster has revealed a putative twocomponent regulatory system (NpF1277 and NpF1278) upstream from the cluster that is conserved and is likely involved in scytonemin regulation. In this study, we will inactivate the putative response regulator NpF1278 to determine its relationship with the scytonemin biosynthetic gene region. To accomplish this, we prepared a plasmid construct by fusion PCR which contains an in-frame knock out of NpF1278. The sequence of the knock out on the plasmid has been confirmed and we are currently inserting the plasmid into N. punctiforme through bi-parental conjugation. Once the mutant strain is complete we will observe the effect of knocking out this gene on sunscreen production. Furthermore, to observe the interaction of NpF1278 with the putative promoter region of the scytonemin gene cluster, we have expressed the protein with IPTG and are now in the process of purification followed by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). If the protein binds to the promoter region then it is likely that NpF1278 initiates synthesis of scytonemin.
Recession analysis revisited: impacts of climate on parameter estimation

Abstract. Recession analysis is a classical method in hydrology to assess watersheds' hydrological properties by means of the receding limb of a hydrograph, frequently expressed as the rate of change in discharge ( - d Q / d t ) against discharge ( Q ). This relationship is often assumed to take the form of a power law - d Q / d t = a Q b , where a and b are recession parameters. Recent studies have highlighted major differences in the estimation of the recession parameters depending on the method, casting doubt on our ability to properly evaluate and compare hydrological properties across watersheds based on recession analysis of - d Q / d t vs. Q . This study shows that estimation based on collective recessions as an average watershed response is strongly affected by the distributions of event inter-arrival time, magnitudes, and antecedent conditions, implying that the resulting recession parameters do not represent watershed properties as much as they represent the climate. The main outcome from this work highlights that proper evaluation of watershed properties is only ensured by considering independent individual recession events. While average properties can be assessed by considering the average (or median) values of a and b , their variabilities provide critical insight into the sensitivity of a watershed to the initial conditions involved prior to each recharge event.
Relative pollen productivities of the major plant taxa of subtropical evergreen–deciduous mixed woodland in China

Quantifying the relationship between pollen and vegetation is an essential step in the pollen‐based quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation cover. In this study, we use the Extended R‐Value (ERV) model and a modern dataset of pollen (collected from moss polsters) and related vegetation from 50 sites in the Daba Mountains (subtropical China) to (i) estimate the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) of the moss samples and the relative pollen productivities (RPPs) of nine major plant taxa‐characteristic of the region, and (ii) evaluate the obtained RPPs. The RSAP estimates of moss polsters vary between 225 and 610 m depending on the ERV submodels and models of pollen dispersal and deposition used. The RPP estimates are different from values published in previous studies from temperate and subtropical China. This may be explained by differences in methodology, climate and vegetation (species composition and spatial distribution), of which vegetation is probably the most important factor. The ranking of the RPP estimates for the nine taxa is Pinus > Juglandaceae > D − Quercus (deciduous Quercus) > Poaceae > Rosaceae > Cyperaceae > Anacardiaceae > Castanea > Fabaceae. We use a ‘leave‐one‐out’ cross‐validation strategy and the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) for pollen‐based reconstruction of regional and local plant cover to evaluate the ERV model‐based RPP estimates. Both the REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites)‐based and the LOVE (LOcal Vegetation Estimates)‐based plant cover using the RPP estimates are closer to the modern vegetation composition than pollen percentages, thus confirming the applicability of the ERV model and the LRA approach in subtropical China.
Late Palaeozoic fault-controlled hydrothermal Cu–Zn mineralisation on Vanna island, West Troms Basement Complex, northern Norway

The Vannareid–Burøysund fault is a major, brittle, normal fault in northern Norway, with cohesive fault rocks (cataclasites) that host Cu–Zn - bearing quartz - carbonate veins. The fault is exposed on the island of Vanna in the Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic West Troms Basement Complex, separating variably deformed tonalitic gneisses in the footwall from mylonitised metasedimentary rocks and tonalites in the hanging wall. Radiometric dating (K–Ar illite) of normal fault movement along the Vannareid–Burøysund fault yielded a late Permian age, concurrent with incipient post - Caledonian continental rifting. The fault evolution and internal architecture of the Vannareid–Burøysund fault largely controlled the spatial distribution of mineralisation, and two main phases of the Cu–Zn mineralisation have been discerned. Early quartz - sphalerite veins are deposited in the cataclastic fault core zone, where initial movement along the fault created a fluid conduit that allowed for fluid flow and sphalerite deposition. With subsequent movement and widening of the fault zone, a later and spatially more extensive generation of quartz - chalcopyrite veins were deposited in both the fault core and the damage zones. Fluid inclusion micro - thermometry revealed that the ore - forming fluids were highly saline aqueous solutions (20 – 37 wt.% NaCl + CaCl 2 ) that carried base metals and sulphur. Further, the isotopic composition of hydrothermal carbonates indicates a magmatic source for the CO 2 . The structural data and obtained geochemical results indicate that the Cu–Zn mineralisation in the Vannareid–
Is invasiveness a legacy of evolution? Phylogenetic patterns in the alien flora of Mediterranean islands

1 The Mediterranean region has been invaded by a wide range of introduced plant species which differ greatly in their ecology, morphology and human utilization. In order to identify a suite of traits which characterize invasiveness, recent studies have advocated the use of evolutionary relationships to unravel highly confounded influences. 2 This study attempts to identify an evolutionary component to invasiveness and other complex invasion‐related traits in the Mediterranean alien flora using an autocorrelation technique, the ‘phylogenetic association test’. I compared a traditional hierarchical taxonomy with the recent phylogeny of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 3 Invasiveness did not have a significant phylogenetic component. Any weak clustering was generally at the genus level. 4 Several associated ‘meta‐traits’ (high introduction frequency, adaptation to several habitat types and favourability for different modes of introduction), exhibited stronger phylogenetic components. Although each of these conveys some of the attributes of invasiveness, their clustering patterns differed considerably, suggesting that they arise from independent evolutionary pressures. Furthermore, within each meta‐trait, different clusters may have been selected for different reasons. 5 Other reasons for the lack of a detectable evolutionary component to invasiveness are discussed. Firstly, the results of our test simulations suggested that incorrect phylogeny could result in a moderate degree of error. Secondly, over evolutionary time, complex or stochastic events such as ecosystem change could radically alter the adaptive advantages of particular traits. 6 Synthesis. Since invasiveness has little phylogenetic component, I argue that it is less likely to be predictable from as yet unidentified traits in any simple way. Although trait syndromes could develop without leaving a phylogenetic pattern, its absence probably indicates that the dominant selective forces are responses to short‐term ecological shifts, and a greater mechanistic understanding of these is needed.
Charging and Discharge Currents in Low-Density Polyethylene and its Nanocomposite

Charging and discharge currents measured in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and LDPE/Al2O3 nanocomposite are analyzed. The experiments were conducted at temperatures of 40–80 °C utilizing a consecutive charging–discharging procedure, with the charging step at electric fields varying between 20 and 60 kV/mm. A quasi-steady state of the charging currents was earlier observed for the nanofilled specimens and it was attributed to the enhanced trapping process at polymer–nanofiller interfaces. An anomalous behavior of the discharge currents was found at elevated temperatures for both the studied materials and its occurrence at lower temperatures in the nanofilled LDPE was due to the presence of deeply trapped charges at polymer–nanofiller interfaces. The field dependence of the quasi-steady charging currents is examined by testing for different conduction mechanisms. It is shown that the space-charge-limited process is dominant and the average trap site separation is estimated at less than 2 nm for the pristine LDPE and it is at about 5–7 nm for the LDPE/Al2O3 nanocomposite. Also, location of the trapping sites in the band gap structure of the nanofilled material is altered, which substantially weakens electrical transport as compared to the unfilled counterpart.
Association of carbohydrases and phytase in enriched diets for semi heavy layers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of carbohydrases and phytase in diets of laying hens. A total of 300 Isa Brown hens at 26 weeks were submitted to the following treatments: Positive Control: without enzyme and nutrient recovery, T2: enrichment by 1.5 and 6% AME (kcal kg) of corn and soybean meal, respectively, and reduction in nutrient levels as the nutrient matrix for the phytase; T3: EMA enrichment of corn and soybean meal (T2 identification) and reduced levels of calcium and phosphorus as the phytase nutrient matrix; T4: T2 supplemented with 100 g ton. of carbohydrases and 30 g ton. of phytase; T5: T3 supplemented with 100 g ton. of carbohydrases and 30 g ton. of phytase. We used a randomized design, six replications and split plot in time (6 periods of 21 days each). No significant effects of treatments were observed on production, consumption, egg weight and egg quality. The enrichment of nutrients preconized by the use of enzymes were technically efficient to maintain the performance and egg quality of laying hens in the evaluated conditions, requiring further research with greater reduction in energy levels to evaluate the effect of enzymes on the availability of energy.