Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kontekst ja viitamine: argivestlused, legod ja narratiivid

Kaesolev artikkel kasitleb konteksti ja viitamisvahendeid, mis loovad konteksti. Kasitlus pohineb eelkoige kolmel eraldi labiviidud uurimusel, milles koigis oli pohitahelepanu algselt suunatud viitamisvahenditele. Vaatleme kontekstualiseerimisvotteid spontaansetes argivestlustes ja kahes katselises olukorras: katses legoklotsidega, milles uks katsealune ehitab klotsidest maja teise katsealuse juhendamisel, ja pildiseeria pohjal jutustatud narratiivides. Artiklis vorreldakse, mis nendes kolmes kontekstis oli sarnast ja mis erinevat eelkoige vestlustegevuse alguses: tegevuse olemusest marku andmises ja referentide loomises. Kuna uks osa vaadeldavaid narratiive parineb lastelt, puudutab artikkel monevorra ka erinevate vanuseliste gruppide viitamisstrateegiaid. Context and reference: everyday conversations, Lego blocks and narratives. The article discusses context and context-creating means of reference. It is mainly based on three separate studies, all of which originally concentrated on referential devices. We examine contextualizing techniques in spontaneous everyday conversations and in two experimental situations: in an experiment with Lego blocks where one of the subjects builds a house using Lego blocks while being instructed by the other subject, and in narratives based on a picture sequence. The article compares the similarities and differences between these three contexts, concentrating particularly on the beginning of the conversational activity: signalling the nature of the activity and creating referents. Since some of the narratives are told by children the article also touches briefly the reference strategies of different age groups.
Translation as a profession

Translation as a profession provides an in-depth analysis of the translating profession and the translation industry. The book starts with a presentation of the diversity of translations and an overview of the translation-localisation process. The second section describes the translation profession and the translators’ markets. The third section considers the process of ‘becoming’ a translator, from the moment people find out whether they have the required qualities to the moment when they set up shop or find a job, with special emphasis on how to find and hold on to clients, avoiding basic mistakes. The fourth section concentrates on the vital professional issues of costs, rates, deadlines, time to market, productivity, ethics, standards, qualification, certification, and professional recognition. The fifth section is devoted to the developments that have provoked ongoing changes in the profession and industry, such as ICT, and the impact of industrialisation, internationalisation, and globalisation. The final section is devoted to the major issues involved in translator training. A glossary is provided, together with a list of Websites for further browsing.
A functional evaluation of the AIMSUN, PARAMICS and VISSIM microsimulation models

Microscopic traffic simulation models are becoming increasingly important tools in modelling complex transport networks and evaluating various traffic management alternatives in order to determine the optimum solution for traffic problems that cannot be studied by other analytical methods. Several traffic simulation tools are used in Australia, especially PARAMICS, AIMSUN and VISSIM. While these packages have many similarities, each has its own specific characteristics that make it more or less suitable for certain modelling purposes. This paper is based on a study of the available documentation of the three models, a literature review and other information collected from the model users and developers; it evaluates and compares the functional capabilities, specific strengths and weaknesses, limitations and user opinions as at the time of writing (2004), and offers conclusions and recommendations on the suitability of each package for various modelling tasks. (a)
Experimental Validation of Bracing Recommendations for Long-Span Concrete Girders

During bridge construction, flexible support conditions provided by steel-reinforced neoprene bearing pads supporting precast, prestressed concrete girders may allow the girders to become unstable, rolling about an axis parallel to the span of the girders. Additionally, skew and/or slope angles significantly reduce bearing pads roll stiffness, which reduces girder buckling capacity under gravity and wind loading conditions. In this project, roll stiffnesses for bearing pads under skewed and sloped conditions were determined from experimental data gathered using a test device designed to measure such values. The test device reproduced the forces and deformation that act on a bearing pad in the field while simultaneously permitting axial load, skew angle, and slope angle to be controlled independently, so that the effect of each on bearing pad roll stiffness could be quantified. In total, 108 bearing pad tests were performed on three different standard types of bearing pad, with varying severities of imposed skew and slope angle. Full-scale girder buckling tests, designed and conducted to experimentally quantify the influence of bearing pad roll stiffness on girder buckling capacity, were also included in this project. The pads used to support each end of the test girder during the buckling tests were the same pads previously tested to determine roll stiffness. In total, nine girder buckling tests were conducted, with various skew and slope conditions imposed on the bearing pads. Following completion of the experimental tests, analytical (finite element) models of the experimental test conditions were developed and validated by comparing buckling capacities quantified from analytical simulations to experimental tests results. Analytical buckling capacities were found to differ from experimental test results by no more than 15% over a range of ideal, skewed, and sloped bearing pad support conditions. Based on this favorable level of agreement, the analytical modeling and analysis techniques employed in this study were deemed suitable for use in developing bracing recommendations for long-span concrete girders supported on reinforced elastomeric bearing pads.
The usefulness of a self-assessment approach based on a business excellence model : case studies of textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam

Since Vietnam became an official member of WTO in 2006, enterprises need to pay attention and invest in their management capacities in order to build robust strategies and improve their competitive advantage. The application of self-assessment (SA), an advanced management tool, based on a business excellence model (BEM) has been recognised as improving organisational performance by providing a referenced framework and a common language to direct organisations’ focus on improvement and to assist them to deliver both financial and nonfinancial performance enhancement. This study focuses on the investigation of BEM-based selfassessment experiences of two Vietnamese enterprises. The two case study companies, both in the garment and textile industry, undertook SA using a simple EFQM questionnaire tool. Subsequently, this study used semi-structured interviews with senior managers in order to gather data evaluating the benefits of SA to the companies and to identify factors influencing the success of the implementations. Template analysis and Nvivo software were used for the data analysis. Findings provide several insights into how SA outcomes benefit Vietnamese enterprises. Firstly, out of six intended benefits of this SA tool identified in the literature, managers strongly confirmed only one — the benefit of helping them to identify their current position and to determine future directions and priorities — as being useful in improving company performance. Two additional benefits were confirmed relating to the use of SA in identifying the company’s strengths and weaknesses and in enhancing organisational learning and awareness. In relation to factors influencing the success of implementation, several were identified as being crucial: a lack of scorer understanding of SA and BEM knowledge; a risk of emphasis on high scores; and the unique ‘encouraging scoring’ style in Vietnam. Significantly, training was regarded as crucial in overcoming these difficulties, and was as important to managers as top level commitment for successful SA. The research confirms that SA is useful for Vietnamese companies in enabling benefits which should enhance performance. However, training is crucial in overcoming implementation issues which may impact on success. Whilst benchmarking is normally closely associated with SA and BEM, it had limited relevance in the case companies due to the prevalence of high-scoring, which limited the usefulness of comparisons, and the current low levels of comparative data available in Vietnam.
Basketball: Steps to Success

Master all the important skills of basketball and take your game to the next level. "Basketball, Second Edition: Steps to Success" provides in-depth, progressive instruction in techniques and tactics, including detailed tutoring on shooting and 111 drills featuring a scoring system to gauge your progress. As you build your skill base, you'll learn how to make all the right moves in game situations, whether it's executing the correct footwork when defending screens or making the right pass for a winning basket. Highly regarded coach, teacher, and clinician Hal Wissel will help you execute each technique proficiently and consistently on the court. Improve your game. "Basketball, Second Edition: Steps to Success" will help you develop the total package of tools to achieve your goals on the court. See all the titles available in the Steps to Success Series.
Application of Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Pavement Construction Control

A comprehensive testing program was conducted to evaluate the potential use of the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) in the quality control–quality assurance procedure during the construction of pavement layers and embankments. The laboratory tests were conducted on different materials prepared inside two test boxes measuring 1.5 m x 0.9 m x 0.9 m (5 ft x 3 ft x 3 ft) located at the Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC). The field tests were performed on different highway sections in Louisiana. In addition, nine test sections were constructed and tested at the pavement research facility site of the LTRC. In all laboratory and field tests, DCP tests were carried out in conjunction with the plate load test (PLT). Also, falling weight deflectometer (FWD) tests were carried out on the field sections. California bearing ratio (CBR) laboratory tests were performed on samples collected from the tested sections. Regression analysis was carried out on the collected data to correlate the DCP penetration rate with the three reference tests used in this study (PLT, FWD, and CBR). Further field tests were conducted to verify the developed regression models. The results showed that the developed models yielded good predictions of the measured FWD moduli and CBR values. This suggests that these models can be used reliably to evaluate the stiffness and strength of pavement materials.
Numerical simulation of sharp-crested weir flows

The sharp-crested weir in a rectangular open channel can be used as a simple and accurate device for flow measurement and control in open channels. However, in the past, the solution to this problem was found mainly on the basis of experimental data or through the development of simplified theoretical expressions. In the present study, k-e turbulence model is applied to obtain the flow parameters such as pressure head distributions, velocity distributions, and water surface profiles. The predictions of the proposed numerical model are validated using existing experimental data. The k-e turbulence model developed is used to predict the characteristics of a sharp-crested weir in a rectangular open channel. The volume of fluid (VOF) scheme is used to find the shape of the free surface. A properly validated model permits one to obtain the flow characteristics of the sharp-crested weir for a wide range of weir and hydraulic parameters without recourse to expensive and more time consuming experimental methods.
The COVID States Project #57: Social media news consumption and COVID-19 vaccination rates

Earlier this month, we witnessed a vigorous back and forth between the White House and Facebook regarding the role of the company in circulating health misinformation. On the White House side, the Surgeon General released an Advisory declaring misinformation a public health threat to the nation, highlighting, in part, the role of social media. This was followed the next day by a pointed statement by President Biden-- “They’re killing us! ” Facebook responded with a blog entry, Moving Past the Finger Pointing, asserting that it was not responsible for the plateauing vaccination rates in the US. The company pointed to the fact that 85% of Facebook users in a large survey by Carnegie Mellon (supported by Facebook) reported being vaccinated or wanting to be vaccinated. This exchange begs an obvious question: who has it right? Answering this question is tricky; but at minimum, rebutting the President’s accusation would require more information than is provided in Facebook’s blog post. For one thing, it fails to compare Facebook users to non-users. It also does not provide information on vaccination rates among those Facebook users who actually get information regarding COVID-19 from Facebook. As most Americans use Facebook, the vaccination rates among users will inevitably be similar to those of the general population. But only a subset of those users go to Facebook specifically to get news and information about COVID-19. These are the people who the Biden administration worries are at risk of exposure to vaccine misinformation.
Factors Affecting Completion Rates at the Open University of Tanzania

This study explored factors affecting completion rates in open and distance learning institutions, using the Open University of Tanzania (OUT) as a case study. The study was done in Dar es Salaam, Kagera, Mwanza, Shinyanga, Singida, Dodoma, Kilimanjaro and Tanga regions. The study employed a mixed methods design, with emphasis on qualitative approach. It involved 224 respondents reached through questionnaires, focus group discussions, and interviews. The findings indicated that students failed to complete studies on time because of poor examination feedback, low students’ commitment to studies, students’ low income, shortage of study materials, library materials, and supervision problems. The study established opportunities to be harnessed to improve completion rate to be, printed study materials, science laboratories, TV and radio programmes, forging partnerships, as well as investing more in Open Educational Resources (OERs). The strategies to improve completion rate that were found included, use of e-counseling, mobile phones, group discussions with emphasis on interaction and networking, enhanced face to face sessions, enhanced orientation seminars and institutionalizing on demand examinations (ODEX). The recommendations made to improve completion rate at OUT were to adopt a study materials policy that would demand course tutors to ensure that within two years of their teaching they should have developed course materials for their respective courses. Information Communication Technologies (ICT) training programmes should feature in every face to face and orientation programmes that is organized. The Government of Tanzania was called upon to improve electrical power supply in rural areas to facilitate rural based students to learn using OERs.
Laboratory studies of THGEM-based WELL structures with resistive anode

In this work we investigate three variants of single amplification-stage detector elements; they comprise THGEM electrodes closed at their bottom with metallic or resistive anodes to form WELL-type configurations. We present the results of a comparative study of the Thick-WELL (THWELL), Resistive-WELL (RWELL) and Segmented Resistive WELL (SRWELL) focusing on their performance in terms of spark-quenching capability, gain variation with position and counting rate, pulse shapes and signal propagation to neighboring readout pads; the study included both 30 × 30 and 100 × 100 mm2 detectors. It was shown that the WELL structures with resistive anodes offer stable operation even in a highly ionizing environment with effective spark quenching, as well as higher gain than the standard THGEM/inductiongap configuration. Cross talk between neighboring readout pads (here 10 × 10 mm2 in size) was shown to be effectively eliminated in the segmented detector with a conductive grid underneath the resistive layer. The latter multiplier should allow for the design of very thin detectors, e.g. sampling elements in digital hadronic calorimeters planned for experiments in future linear colliders.
New migrant activism: Frame alignment and future protest participation

New migrant movements increasingly rely on unconventional forms of protest, which they strategically frame in rational terms, rather than as ‘acts of desperation’ that dominate public representations. This article demonstrates this empirically through a prototypical case of new migrant activism, employing discourse analysis to explore the collective framing of a hunger strike involving irregular migrants in Greece, which was, however, contested by other protest users. Drawing on rare and pertinent data collected through face-to-face interviews with hunger strikers, we find that the strategic or rationalist framing of the hunger strike, promoted by its leaders, was largely shared with individual protesters at the basis of the mobilisation, contrary to the publicly proliferated affective frames. Using quantitative methods, we show, for the first time, that the degree of frame alignment is not only important for the legitimacy of a movement but is also a significant predictor of future remobilisation in radical types of protest activity.
LARGE EDDY SIMULATIONS OF FLOWS OVER A SUBMERGED WEIR

Local scour downstream of a weir is a common problem that can result in serious damages to the weir itself. This study presents results from large eddy simulations (LESs) for surface jets over a submerged weir. Turbulent surface jets were computed over the flat and deformed beds due to scour for the same approach flow. The mean flow and turbulent statistics are presented for both flat and deformed bed conditions. Turbulent flows with the scour hole show that the reattachment region starting from the edge of the weir is located further downstream compared to the flows without scour. Furthermore, due to the presence of the scour hole, both average kinetic energy (AKE) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) increases and vertical gradient of the AKE become steeper compared to the flat bed case. This demonstrates that the capability of energy transfers from the AKE to the TKE increases by forming the scour hole on the flat bed.
Towards an Understanding of Army Enlistment Motivation Patterns

Abstract : This report summarizes information from the ARI New Recruit Surveys for 1982 and 1983 related to enlistment motivations of new Army recruits. In addition to presenting cross-tabulated responses for survey questions, principal component analyses (PCA) were completed on recruits' responses to questions on their reasons for enlistment. The PCA indicated that recruits enlist for a variety of economic and psychological reasons, such as self improvement, economic advancement, military service, time out, travel, and education money.
An efficient and accurate procedure to evaluate distortion in SOI FD MOSFET

The total harmonic distortion (THD) and the third harmonic distortion (HD3) of the output current-voltage characteristics of SOI FD MOSFET is calculated using a new integral method. The method is based on the calculation of two functions, which we call D and D3 and are based on a specific integration of the DC current-voltage characteristic of the device. We demonstrate that function D can be related with the THD and function D3 with the HD3, so that both THD and HD3 can be determined in a much simpler way, with no need to use derivatives, Fourier coefficients or Fast Fourier Transforms. The new method is applied to calculate the harmonic distortion of a SOI FD MOS transistor in the triode regime, when used as an active resistor at the input of an operational amplifier in a MOSFET-C filter configuration. It is also demonstrated that the values of THD and HD3 obtained in a very simple and straightforward way by our new method have an excellent coincidence with values obtained by calculating Fourier coefficients for experimental, simulated or calculated I/sub DS/-V/sub DS/ characteristics and with AC measured values.
Structure and dynamics of electronically excited molecular systems

Structure and dynamics of electronic excited states of molecular systems is of contemporary interest to understand a rich variety of processes ranging from molecular spectroscopy to reaction dynamics. Developments over the past decades have established that coupling of electronic and nuclear motion is a generic feature in polyatomic molecular systems which causes a breakdown of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Such a coupling leads to conical intersections in non‐linear and glancing degeneracy in linear polyatomic systems. While the former case is quite general and has wide variances depending on the nature of the coupling on the symmetry ground, the latter one is specific to the linear systems having axial symmetry. The Jahn–Teller (JT) systems form a subclass in the former category and the latter category constitutes the Renner–Teller (RT) systems. These systems are characterized by high point group symmetry and orbital degeneracy. The latter splits upon distortion along suitable symmetry reducing nuclear displacement. The JT or the RT split component states may undergo symmetry allowed coupling among another JT or RT split component states or with some non‐degenerate states. These are termed as the pseudo‐JT and pseudo‐RT coupling, respectively. We have studied a variety of photo‐induced molecular processes with the aid of ab initio quantum chemistry and first principles quantum dynamics methods. We will document here some of the important developments in the field focusing on the work done on the JT and RT systems primarily in our own laboratory.