Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lyapunov and Hartman-Wintner type inequalities for a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem with generalized Hilfer derivative

In this work, we obtain a Lyapunov-type and a Hartman-Wintner-type inequalities for a linear and a nonlinear fractional differential equation with generalized Hilfer operator subject to Dirichlet-type boundary conditions. We prove existence of positive solutions to a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem. As an application, we obtain a lower bound for the eigenvalues of corresponding equations.
Dimension reduction for rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with anisotropic confinement

We consider the three-dimensional time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation arising in the description of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates and study the corresponding scaling limit of strongly anisotropic confinement potentials. The resulting effective equations in one or two spatial dimensions, respectively, are rigorously obtained as special cases of an averaged three dimensional limit model. In the particular case where the rotation axis is not parallel to the strongly confining direction the resulting limiting model(s) include a negative, and thus, purely repulsive quadratic potential, which is not present in the original equation and which can be seen as an effective centrifugal force counteracting the confinement.
Parallelization of the Evolution Strategy for Discrete Structural Optimization Problems

The parallelization of a modified multimembered evolution strategy for solving structural optimization problems with discrete variables is described. Evolution strategies imitate biologic evolution and combine the concept of artificial survival of the fittest with evolutionary operators to form a robust search mechanism. An important characteristic of evolution strategies that differs from other conventional optimization algorithms is that instead of a single design point, the evolution strategies work simultaneously with a population of design points in the space of variables. This allows for an implementation in a parallel computing environment. In this paper two ways for the parallel implementation of evolution strategies, and their realization in two parallel computing environments are presented.
Quantum automorphisms of folded cube graphs

We show that the quantum automorphism group of the Clebsch graph is $SO_5^{-1}$. This answers a question by Banica, Bichon and Collins from 2007. More general for odd $n$, the quantum automorphism group of the folded $n$-cube graph is $SO_n^{-1}$. Furthermore, we show that if the automorphism group of a graph contains a pair of disjoint automorphisms this graph has quantum symmetry.
Some theorems on Leibniz $n$-algebras from the category $\textbf{U}_n(\textbf{Lb})$

We study the Leibniz $n$-algebra $\textbf{U}_n(\mathfrak{L})$, whose multiplication is defined via the bracket of a Leibniz algebra $\mathfrak{L}$ as $[x_1,\dots,x_n]=[x_1,[\dots, [x_{n-2},[x_{n-1},x_n]]\dots]]$. We show that $\textbf{U}_n(\mathfrak{L})$ is simple if and only if $\mathfrak{L}$ is a simple Lie algebra. An analogue of Levi's theorem for Leibniz algebras in $\textbf{U}_n(\textbf{Lb})$ is established and it is proven that the Leibniz $n$-kernel of $\textbf{U}_n(\mathfrak{L})$ for any semisimple Leibniz algebra $\mathfrak{L}$ is the $n$-algebra $\textbf{U}_n(\mathfrak{L})$.
Computation of extremal eigenvalues of high-dimensional lattice-theoretic tensors via tensor-train decompositions

This paper lies in the intersection of several fields: number theory, lattice theory, multilinear algebra, and scientific computing. We adapt existing solution algorithms for tensor eigenvalue problems to the tensor-train framework. As an application, we consider eigenvalue problems associated with a class of lattice-theoretic meet and join tensors, which may be regarded as multidimensional extensions of the classically studied meet and join matrices such as GCD and LCM matrices, respectively. In order to effectively apply the solution algorithms, we show that meet tensors have an explicit low-rank tensor-train decomposition with sparse tensor-train cores with respect to the dimension. Moreover, this representation is independent of tensor order, which eliminates the so-called curse of dimensionality from the numerical analysis of these objects and makes the solution of tensor eigenvalue problems tractable with increasing dimensionality and order. For LCM tensors it is shown that a tensor-train decomposition with an a priori known TT rank exists under certain assumptions. We present a series of easily reproducible numerical examples covering tensor eigenvalue and generalized eigenvalue problems that serve as future benchmarks. The numerical results are used to assess the sharpness of existing theoretical estimates.
The conservative treatment of congenital scoliosis with hemivertebra: Report of three cases

Introduction Scoliosis is the most common type of congenital vertebral disease. This spinal disorder may be due to a failure of formation, segmentation, or a combination thereof. Complete failure of formation causes hemivertebra which can lead to unbalanced growth and deformation. Statistically, 25% of congenital curves do not evolve, 25% progress slightly, while the remaining 50% develop quickly and require treatment. Hemivertebrae can be divided into three types: non-segmented, semi-segmented, and fully-segmented. The fully-segmented types are most likely to progress. Hemivertebra in the thoracolumbar region shows higher rates of progression compared with those in the lumbar area. The treatment may be either conservative or surgical. In general, bracing is not recommended in short and rigid curves, although it may help process secondary curves. Objective To assess the effectiveness of bracing in congenital scoliosis due to hemivertebra. Cases presentation Searching in our database, we found three cases of patients with congenital scoliosis due to fully-segmented hemivertebra. The first of them was 6 years old at the time of diagnosis with a fully-segmented hemivertebra in L5, determining an L1-L5 (S1) lumbar curve. The second one was 10 years old at the time of diagnosis with a fully-segmented hemivertebra in L2 and a T11-L4 (L5 sacralized) thoracolumbar curve. The last one was 3 years old at the time of diagnosis with a fully-segmented hemivertebra in L3 (in six lumbar bodies), determining a thoracolumbar curve T12-L4. Results We utilized a Milwaukee brace for the first patient, a Boston brace for the second patient, and a Progressive Action Short Brace (PASB) for the third patient. At the beginning of the treatment, the Cobb angles measured 23°, 53°, and 25°, respectively. During treatment, the Cobb angles measured 22°, 35°, and 15°, respectively. At the end of treatment, the Cobb angles measured 18°, 45°, and 12°, respectively. At long-term follow-up, the curves measured 20°, 45°, and 12° Cobb angles, respectively. Conclusions Comparing our cases with those found in the literature we can confirm the ability of conservative treatment to change the natural history of congenital lumbar scoliosis due to failure of formation. From our experience, in all cases of CS with hemivertebra, before considering a surgical approach, conservative treatment should be implemented as early as possible without waiting for the progressive deformation of the adjacent normal vertebrae.
Detection of virulence associated genes in Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from bovine mastitis

Background: Mastitis is one of the most expensive diseases in the dairy industry. It causes heavy monetary losses by decreasing milk production and treatment cost. Streptococcus agalactiae, the cause of contagious bovine mastitis, possesses various virulence factors that contribute to pathogenicity. Aims: The main aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of virulence genes of S. agalactiae. Methods: In the current work, 98 Streptococcus species were isolated from 320 milk samples, collected from Veterinary Clinical Complex, Junagadh. Out of the isolates, 42 S. agalactiae isolates were used for virulence genes detection. Results: All Streptococcus spp. were confirmed at genus level by targeting tuf gene, and S. agalactiae was identified at species level by targeting 16S rRNA gene. For virulence gene detection, scpB, cfb, and cylE genes were targeted. Of 42 S. agalactiae isolates, 15, 16, and 10 isolates possessed scpB, cfb, and cylE genes, respectively. Conclusion: This study aids us to know virulence characteristics and mechanisms responsible for the development of new strains in mastitis epidemiology in response to prevention and control strategies.
Expression of α- and ε-toxin genes in Clostridium perfringens type D vaccine strain in contact with the Caco-2 cell line

Background: Clostridium perfringens commonly resides in the gastrointestinal tract and can survive in different environmental conditions. This pathogen produces several protein toxins including the potent ε-toxin which is classified as a category B toxin by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In several studies, the induction of C. perfringens type C or D to produce toxins much more rapidly by close contact of bacteria with Caco-2 cells has been reported. Aims: The effect of close contact of enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells with C. perfringens type D (vaccine strain) on the production time of ε- and α-toxins was studied. Methods: During C. perfringens type D contact with Caco-2 cells for 5 h, ε- and α-toxins expressions (at 0, 2, and 5 h) were evaluated by a quantitative real-time PCR assay. Non-contacted bacteria with cells were included as the negative control in this research. Results: Bacterial contact with the Caco-2 cells induces a significant effect on the mean expression of the ε-toxin gene (etx) (P<0.05). Two h after contact, the highest level of gene expression was detected in the experimental group. Bacterial harvesting time, cell treatment, and their interactions did not affect significantly the mean expression of the α-toxin gene (cpa) (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, 2 h of bacterial contact with Caco-2 cells could stimulate etx gene expression in the C. perfringens type D vaccine strain.
Role of feeding specialization in taste receptor loss: insights from sweet and umami receptor evolution in Carnivora

Abstract Controversy and misunderstanding surround the role of feeding specialization in taste receptor loss in vertebrates. We refined and tested the hypothesis that this loss is caused by feeding specializations. Specifically, feeding specializations were proposed to trigger time-dependent process of taste receptor loss through deprivation of benefit of using the receptor’s gustatory function. We propose that this process may be accelerated by abiotic environmental conditions or decelerated/stopped because of extragustatory functions of the receptor’s protein(s). As test case we used evolution of the sweet (TAS1R2+TAS1R3) and umami (TAS1R1+TAS1R3) receptors in Carnivora (dogs, cats, and kin). We predicted these receptors’ absence/presence using data on presence/absence of inactivating mutations in these receptors’ genes and data from behavioral sweet/umami preference tests. We identified 20 evolutionary events of sweet (11) or umami (9) receptor loss. These events affected species with feeding specializations predicted to favor sweet/umami receptor loss (27 and 22 species, respectively). All species with feeding habits predicted to favor sweet/umami receptor retention (11 and 24, respectively) were found to retain that receptor. Six species retained the sweet (5) or umami (1) receptor despite feeding specialization predicted to favor loss of that receptor, which can be explained by the time dependence of sweet/umami receptor loss process and the possible decelerating effect of TAS1R extragustatory functions so that the sweet/umami receptor process is ongoing in these species. Our findings support the idea that feeding specialization leads to taste receptor loss and is the main if not only triggering factor for evolutionary loss of taste receptors.
The Livšic periodic point theorem for non-abelian cocycles

For hyperbolic systems and for Hölder cocycles with values in a compact metric group, we extend Livšic's periodic point characterisation of coboundaries. Here we show that two such cocycles are cohomologous when their respective ‘weights’ (of closed orbits) coincide. When it is only assumed that they are conjugate, one of the cocycles must (in general) be modified by an isomorphism (which stabilises conjugacy classes) to obtain cohomology. When the group is Lie and when a transitivity condition is satisfied, conjugacy of weights ensures that the cocycles are cohomologous with respect to a finitely extended group.
Descent by quasi-smooth blow-ups in algebraic K-theory

We construct a semi-orthogonal decomposition on the category of perfect complexes on the blow-up of a derived Artin stack in a quasi-smooth centre. This gives a generalization of Thomason's blow-up formula in algebraic K-theory to derived stacks. We also provide a new criterion for descent in Voevodsky's cdh topology, which we use to give a direct proof of Cisinski's theorem that Weibel's homotopy invariant K-theory satisfies cdh descent.
Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in canaries (Serinus canaria Domestica): a case report

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause high mortality in birds. In recent years, small farming of canaries has been developed in Iran and infectious diseases are the main obstacle in the progress of these occupations which increases the importance of identification of pathogenic bacterial agents. Case description: A flock with 250 one-year-old canaries presented a history of anorexia, lethargy, mild diarrhea, and approximately 30% mortality. Physical examination revealed that the birds were severely debilitated, cachectic, dehydrated with ruffled feathers, and wet discolored stool around the cloaca. Necropsy findings revealed enlarged liver with multiple pale white, irregular foci on the surface of parenchyma, serosal petechial hemorrhages, and enlargement of lungs, liver, and kidneys. The entire intestine was intensely reddened with fibrinonecrotic exudate content. Histopathological findings of the liver elicited multifocal hepatocellular necrosis, hemorrhage, and also basophilic bacterial colonies. The results of biochemical and molecular tests confirmed K. pneumonia as the causative agent. Findings/treatment and outcome: Based on antimicrobial susceptibility test, K. pneumonia isolates were susceptible to gentamycin and ciprofloxacin which were administrated for the considered treatment protocol. Conclusion: K. pneumoniae is one of the most important causes of mortality in canaries with multiple antibiotic resistance, therefore assessments of health conditions can supply suitable information to help decision-making about the sanitary processes, control, prevention, and treatment.
Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Interventions on Pain During Wound Care in Burn Patients; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Burn patients undergo daily painful wound care procedures, including washing, debridement, and dressing. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of virtual reality (VR)-based interventions on pain during wound care in burn patients. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted on international electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science with keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Virtual reality", "Virtual reality therapy", "Virtual reality exposure therapy", "Virtual reality immersion therapy", "Exergaming”, “Active-video gaming”, “Burns”, “Wound healings”, “Pain”, and “Pain management” from the earliest to May 6, 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of randomized control trials and quasi-experimental studies. Results: 1,293 patients with burns were included in 30 studies, and their mean age was 22.89 (SD=7.63) years. 70.72% of the participants were male, and 67.05% were in the intervention group. This meta-analysis showed that VR significantly decreased pain severity in the intervention group compared to the control group (standard mean difference (SMD): -0.70, 95%CI: -0.97 to -0.43, Z=5.05, P<0.001, I2:82.0%). Immersive VR intervention showed statistically significant effects in reducing pain intensity among the intervention group, compared to the control group (SMD: -0.73, 95%CI: -0.97 to -0.49, Z=5.88, P<0.001, I2:69.3%); however, this finding was not the same for non-immersive VR (SMD: -0.62, 95%CI: -1.43 to 0.19, Z=1.51, P=0.132, I2:91.2%). Conclusion: It is suggested that health policymakers and managers equip burn wards with immersive VR devices to provide the basis for this intervention when caring for patients with burn wounds.
A Novel Trial of Mirabegron and Behavioral Modification Including Pelvic Floor Exercise for Overactive Bladder in Parkinson's Disease (MAESTRO)

Overactive bladder (OAB) is experienced by more than half of patients with untreated Parkinson's disease. Treatment of overactive bladder in these patients has included antimuscarinic anticholinergics, raising concerns about the possibility of exacerbating cognitive impairment or constipation. Mirabegron (Myrbetriq), a β3-receptor agonist, provides relief of OAB without increasing cognitive impairment. While prior studies have examined the effect of mirabegron on OAB in a variety of patient populations, this study is the first controlled, prospective study investigating the effect of mirabegron on overactive bladder in patients with Parkinson's disease. By studying effective treatments for overactive bladder, this trial emphasizes the importance of antimicrobial stewardship so that lower urinary tract symptoms are not treated as lower urinary tract infections with antimicrobials and instead overactive bladder can be treated appropriately with medication. The MAESTRO study compared the effect of adding mirabegron to behavioral modification (including pelvic floor exercises) to behavior modification alone. Results from this novel study show that both the mean absolute change in the volume of micturition (objective measure) and the mean percent change increased significantly between visits two and three in the experimental group using mirabegron. Moreover, improvements in micturition in this study indicate that a larger-scale study of mirabegron with pelvic floor exercises and behavior modification is warranted.
A preliminary evaluation of tick cement-cone protein extract for a vaccine against Hyalomma infestation

Background: Vaccines have been widely exploited to prevent tick-borne infections in cattle. Most vaccines have faced failure in the field because of inconsistency in an immune response. It is presumed that the cement-cone proteins of ticks that participate in the acquisition of blood meal for ticks possess strong immune-stimulating properties and, hence, could be a useful candidate in vaccine development. Aims: We evaluated cement-cone proteins of tick Hyalomma anatolicum as a vaccine candidate against infestations of H. anatolicum and H. aegyptium in cattle. Methods: The cement-cone proteins were extracted from H. anatolicum to develop stage-reactive and immunogenic cross-reactive vaccine against the infestation of two species of ticks H. anatolicum and H. aegyptium. The immune response of the vaccine was tested against cement-cone proteins starved, partially fed, and richly fed ticks. Results: The findings of the present study demonstrated the cross-reactivity among the two species of ticks that belonged to the same genus (Hyalomma). The antigenic similarity between the two ticks species suggests that a common antigen may possibly be suitable for a vaccine against the two different species of ticks. The results have also indicated that the 23 kDa cement-cone protein of H. anatolicum and H. aegyptium may be responsible for the induction, or elicitation of immunogenic, common stage reactive, and cross-reactive host immune responses with consistent intensity throughout the life stages of ticks. Conclusion: The vaccine based upon cement-cone proteins of ticks may be a useful deterrent against tick-borne infections in cattle in countries like Pakistan.
Solid hulls of weighted Banach spaces of entire functions

Given a continuous, radial, rapidly decreasing weight $v$ on the complex plane $\mathbf{C}$, we study the solid hull of its associated weighted space $H_v^\infty(\mathbf{C})$ of all the entire functions $f$ such that $v|f|$ is bounded. The solid hull is found for a large class of weights satisfying the condition (B) of Lusky. Precise formulations are obtained for weights of the form $v(r)=\exp(-ar^p), a>0, p>0$. Applications to spaces of multipliers are included.
Amalgamation and Symmetry: From Local to Global Consistency in The Finite

Amalgamation patterns are specified by a finite collection of finite template structures together with a collection of partial isomorphisms between pairs of these. The template structures specify the local isomorphism types that occur in the desired amalgams; the partial isomorphisms specify local amalgamation requirements between pairs of templates. A realisation is a globally consistent solution to the locally consistent specification of this amalgamation problem. This is a single structure equipped with an atlas of distinguished substructures associated with the template structures in such a manner that their overlaps realise precisely the identifications induced by the local amalgamation requirements. We present a generic construction of finite realisations of amalgamation patterns. Our construction is based on natural reduced products with suitable groupoids. The resulting realisations are generic in the sense that they can be made to preserve all symmetries inherent in the specification, and can be made to be universal w.r. t. to local homomorphisms up to any specified size. As key applications of the main construction we discuss finite hypergraph coverings of specified levels of acyclicity and a new route to the lifting of local symmetries to global automorphisms in finite structures in the style of Herwig-Lascar extension properties for partial automorphisms.
Fixed point sets of isotopies on surfaces

We consider a self-homeomorphism h of some surface S. A subset F of the fixed point set of h is said to be unlinked if there is an isotopy from the identity to h that fixes every point of F. With Le Calvez' transverse foliations theory in mind, we prove the existence of unlinked sets that are maximal with respect to inclusion. As a byproduct, we prove the arcwise connectedness of the space of homeomorphisms of the two dimensional sphere that preserves the orientation and pointwise fix some given closed connected set F.
Mapping for nonpulmonary vein atrial fibrillation sources: The road to improved ablation outcomes

Since the publication of seminal work demonstrating ablation of AF triggers within the pulmonary veins, significant focus has been placed upon finding adjunctive AF mapping and ablation strategies to improve the targeted treatment of this arrhythmia. Presently, wide-area circumferential ablation to achieve pulmonary vein isolation has become the standard of care for catheter-based management. However, despite significant work, a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of the sustaining mechanisms of AF remains elusive. The present study from Nagase and colleagues provides important insight derived from a multielectrode catheter-based mapping algorithm regarding the spatial relationships between identified targets, regions of low voltage, and complex fractionated atrial electrograms. Being spatially distinct and distributed in both atria, identified sites may represent novel targets for ablation therapy. Additional studies are required to better assess the impact of elimination of such foci. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.