Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Attribution Bias and Framing Negative on Commitment Escalation in Investment Decisions

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of the effect of attribution bias on commitment escalation and the effect of negative framing on commitment escalation in investment decisions of Small and Micro Enterprise (SMEs) in West Sumatra. The total respondent of this study was 90 respondents. Data collection technique used was questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software. There is no difference in the commitment escalation, whether the decision maker links the cause of the project error with internal factors or the decision maker that causes the project error with external factors. Decision makers are more likely not to escalate commitments or prefer to delay project operations.
Kinetics of oxygen reduction on Pt(hkl) electrodes : Implications for the crystallite size effect with supported Pt electrocatalysts

The kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Pt(hkl) surfaces is found to vary with crystal face in a different manner depending on the electrolyte. In perchloric acid, the variation in activity at 0.8 to 0.9 V is relatively small between the three low index faces, with activity increasing in the order (100) < (110) {approx} (111). A similar structure sensitivity was observed in KOH, increasing in the order (100) < (110) < (111), but with larger differences. In sulfuric acid, the variations in activity with crystal face were much larger, with the difference between the most active and the least active being about two orders of magnitude, and increased in the opposite order (111) {much_lt} (100) < (110). The variations in activity with crystal face in perchloric acid and KOH arise from the structure sensitive inhibiting effect of OH{sub ads}, i.e., a strongly inhibiting effect on (100) and smaller effects on (110) and (111). The variations in activity with crystal face in sulfuric acid arise from highly structure specific adsorption of sulfate/bisulfate anions in this electrolyte, which has a strongly inhibiting effect on the (111) surface. The crystallite size effect for the ORR reported for supported Pt catalystsmore » in sulfuric acid at ambient temperature is fully explained by applying the single crystal results to classical models of the variation in particle shape with size. « less
Exploratory Study on Cyclones of Modified Designs

This paper introduces a new design of cyclone, named triple cyclone, created by adding two more cylinders to the conventional cyclone. The performance of the triple cyclone was evaluated systematically together with the previously reported double cyclone. The tests showed that the collection efficiencies of double and triple cyclones were lower than those of the conventional cyclone with the same body diameter and identical gas inlet and outlet size. Of the three designs, the collection efficiency of the triple cyclone was the lowest. Accordingly, the highest pressure drop was observed for the conventional cyclone, and the pressure drop for the triple cyclone was the lowest. These results are probably attributed to the relatively weak vortices formed within triple and double cyclones.
Real-time Energy Management of Grid-connected Microgrid with Flexible and Delay-tolerant Loads

For optimal operation of microgrids, energy management is indispensable to reduce the operation cost and the emission of conventional units. The goals can be impeded by several factors including uncertainties of market price, renewable generation, and loads. Real-time energy management system (EMS) can effectively address uncertainties due to the online information of market price, renewable generation, and loads. However, some issues arise in real-time EMS as battery-limited energy levels. In this paper, Lyapunov optimization is used to minimize the operation cost of the microgrid and the emission of conventional units. Therefore, the problem is multi-objective and a Pareto front is derived to compromise between the operation cost and the emission. With a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system, general algebraic modeling system (GAMS) is utilized for implementing the proposed EMS on two case studies to verify its applicability.
Direction Dynamics Study of the Hydrogen Abstraction Reaction CH2O + NH2 → CHO + NH3

The hydrogen abstraction reaction CH2O + NH2 → CHO + NH3 has been studied using direct ab initio dynamics method. All of the information along the minimum energy path (MEP) was calculated at the UMP2/6-311+G(d, p) level of theory. Energetic data along the MEP were further refined using the scheme G2 with the UMP2/6-311+G(d, p) optimized geometries. The barrier heights for the forward and reverse reactions were obtained as 5.89 and 24.44 kcal/mol, respectively. Reaction rate constants and activation energies were calculated for the temperature range 250−2500 K by the improved canonical variation transition state theory (ICVT) incorporating a small-curvature tunneling correction (SCT). The rate constant at the room temperature was predicted to be 5.25 × 10-17 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, which is about 2 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the hydrogen abstraction reaction of acetaldehyde with aminogen.
EFFECT OF CROPPING AND LOW-CHEMICAL INPUT SYSTEMS ON SOIL PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS

The adoption of alternative management practices has been shown to increase soil organic matter. However, the effect of adopting these practices on soil phosphorus (P), especially organic P, is not clear. We evaluated the effect of such practices-mainly no-tillage, zero and low-chemical input, organic-based, row crop agricultural systems-on soil P and compared them with conventional agriculture and perennial farming systems. We also compared soil P under conventional agriculture to an adjacent forest site and a never-tilled native successional community site in southwest Michigan. Sequential fractionation analysis of soil inorganic and organic P fractions showed that long-term conventional row crop agriculture resulted in a 79% reduction of NaOH-extractable organic P compared with adjacent forested sites. The calcium phosphate pool and the residual P fraction, however, increased under conventional agriculture compared with the forest site, probably because of fertilizer inputs. Adoption of no-tillage and low-chemical input systems with a winter leguminous cover crop in the rotation for 7 years did not increase organic P significantly in any of the fractions extracted from the annual cropping systems. However, organic P extracted by NaOH increased to 22.1% after adoption of continuous alfalfa for the same period compared with 11.4% extracted under conventionally tilled annual cropping systems. We conclude that continuous alfalfa can help restore soils to their native P fertility levels by taking up P from the stable residual fraction and transforming it into moderately labile organic P through root death. We found no evidence that low chemical input organic based systems are sustainable with regard to P as there is no evidence that organic P is accumulating as a result of the use of cover crops. Further investigation is warranted after these soils become P limiting and more years have passed under the same treatments.
Fast-Turnaround Design and Modeling Techniques for a Fast-Transient Digital Low-Dropout Regulator With 3 mV Ripples

This article presents a low-complexity digital low-dropout regulator (DLDO) design featuring a novel voltage regulation and transient enhancement scheme, and a charge-redistribution-based ripple suppression (CRRS) technique that smooths output by redistribution of excessive energy via a small capacitor. Also proposed is a fast-turnaround general DLDO design approach comprising a hybrid discrete-continuous DLDO model and techniques for modeling nonlinear performance enhancement techniques, with which a DLDO's performances for given specifications can be evaluated in the early design stage to shorten the development time. A DLDO test chip fabricated using 110 nm CMOS technology shows a fast settling time of 67 and 250 ns for light-to-heavy (i.e., 2.5 and 50 mA) and heavy-to-light transient, and an output voltage ripple as low as 3 mV with proposed CRRS. The core occupies only 0.022 mm2, thanks to the resource-sharing architecture of a proposed digital controller and hardware simplicity. With an input voltage of 1 V and output voltage of 0.85 V, proposed design achieves a peak current efficiency of 99.6% with a 100 MHz operating clock frequency.
The role of O2 (a1Δg) metastables and associative detachment in discharges in oxygen

A model of discharges in oxygen is developed which takes into consideration the role that the long-lived metastable state O2 (a1Δg) can play in their dynamics. This enables the electron temperature (Te) versus pressure×plasma dimension (pL) characteristic to be found over the range 1 mTorr cm to 1 Torr cm. The conclusion is reached that only at the very low pressure end and high electron densities is oxygen a recombination-dominated gas and that generally at higher pressures it is detachment dominated. In between, both recombination and detachment are important to describe the loss of negative ions. The paper brings together two separate approaches to discharges in oxygen and demonstrates that each has its own place, while at the same time making it clear that oxygen is a special case rather than an exemplar for electronegative gases in general.
Passive acoustic monitoring reveals spatiotemporal segregation of two fish-eating killer whale Orcinus orca populations in proposed critical habitat

Competition for prey resources among ecologically similar populations that occur in sympatry can be reduced by spatiotemporal resource partitioning. Understanding patterns of habitat use of cetaceans can be difficult since they are highly mobile and can have large home ranges. We used passive acoustic monitoring at 15 sites along the coast of Washington State, USA, to assess habitat use patterns of 2 sympatric populations of fish-eating killer whales Orcinus orca: northern residents (NRKW) and southern residents (SRKW). This area is part of the ocean distributions of a number of important runs of Chinook salmon Oncorhyncus tshawytscha, the preferred prey of both populations, and is proposed critical habitat for SRKW. We compared monthly occurrence of both populations at recorder locations grouped by their proximity to the Strait of Juan de Fuca to the north and the Columbia River to the south in one analysis and by their distance from shore in a second analysis. NRKW and SRKW were detected throughout the year with spring and fall peaks in occurrence. The northernmost sites accounted for 93% of NRKW detections, while less than half of SRKW detections were at these sites. SRKW were most frequently detected at nearshore sites (83% of detections), while the majority of NRKW detections were at mid-shelf and deep sites (94% of detections). This study provides further information about the habitat use of these resident killer whale populations with implications for their management and conservation.
Traffic Control System Technologies for Road Vehicles: A Patent Analysis

Traffic control systems (TCSs) are an emerging focus area among transportation technologies. More than 55,435 TCS technologies were patented during the last decade, and researchers, policy makers, and decision makers are increasingly interested in turning TCSs into safe and environmentally friendly transportation realities. This article analyzes all TCS-related patents issued during the period of 2009? 2018 to provide an overview of TCS technological developments during this period. To this end, we analyzed all TCS patents filed under the G08G1 International Patent Classification (IPC) code and identified trends and growth in national distribution, subfields, and applicants. We also reported on various countries? areas of TCS technology specialization.
Crystal Structure of a 2:1 Complex of Indomethacin and Lidocaine

Crystals of a 2:1 complex, (Cl9H16ClNO4)2·C14H22N2O, between indomethacin and lidocaine were grown by slow evaporation from an ethanol solution. Two different indomethacin (I and II) molecules showed different conformations. The proton of the carboxyl group of indomethacin II was transferred to an amino group of lidocaine. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds and CH/π interactions were observed.
A monolayer of a Cu2+-tetraazamacrocyclic complex on glass as the adhesive layer for silver nanoparticles grafting, in the preparation of surface-active antibacterial materials

A silane-derivatized tetraaza Cu2+ macrocyclic complex is prepared, which forms monolayers on glass surfaces, capable of allowing the further deposition of a stable monolayer of silver nanoparticles, obtaining by this, surfaces that display an enhanced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Efficient Synthesis of 3,5,6‐Trisubstituted‐1,2,4‐triazines in the Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid, 1‐n‐Butylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate ([Hbim]BF4)

Abstract 3,5,6‐Trisubstituted‐1,2,4‐triazines were synthesized in a one‐pot reaction with acid hydrazide, 1,2‐diketone, and ammonium acetate in the Brønsted acidic ionic liquid, 1‐n‐butyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Hbim]BF4).
Rendering Depiction: A Case Study of an American Sign Language/English Interpreter

In this study, the work of an American Sign Language/English interpreter was video-recorded and then analyzed to describe the interpreter’s rendering of American Sign Language depiction from American Sign Language into spoken English and from spoken English into American Sign Language. Results indicate that interpreters navigate the complex cognitive and linguistic task of rendering various types of American Sign Language depiction between both languages. The data also suggest that syntactic input may not be the only factor in an interpreter’s decision-making processes when rendering depiction; rather pragmatic considerations appear to be a major contributing factor. This study serves as a primer to future investigations into examining the rendering of signed language depiction as a possible directional effect in bimodal interpreters.
A nonequilibrium argon-oxygen planar plasma jet using a half-confined dielectric barrier duct in ambient air

A nonequilibrium argon plasma jet with oxygen addition, generated in a planar dielectric duct and issuing into ambient air with one edge stuck on a dielectric plane, is reported for the first time. This argon-oxygen plasma jet can be operated at low applied voltage as a filamentary discharge at atmospheric pressure. The addition of a small amount of oxygen results in the increase of produced ozone concentration and continuous emissions of centering at about 185 nm, 205 nm, 230 nm, and 253 nm. The synergistic generation of short wavelength ultraviolet emissions and active species is significantly important for plasma applications.
Investigating the Impact of the FAVA Well-Being Protocol on Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being With At-Promise High School Students

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF THE FAVA WELL-BEING PROTOCOL ON PERCEIVED STRESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING WITH AT-PROMISE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Renee L. Fensom Old Dominion University, 2019 Chair: Dr. Christopher Sink An elevation in stress levels can be caused by many contributing factors, which can ultimately interfere with the learning of young people. Fortunately, an increase in wellbeing can help promote resilience, creating a buffer to stress. Therefore, the current study investigated the influence of a positive psychology intervention aimed at lowering perceived stress and increasing well-being among at-promise students. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Ryff’s Model of Psychological Well-Being (PWB). The specific intervention used was the Well-being Therapy School Protocol developed by Fava and associates, based off of Carol Ryff’s Model of PWB (Fava, 2016). Well-Being therapy is fairly new and only a few studies have studied the effectiveness in school settings. Those studies took place with international samples and yielded positive results with students. The current study took place in the Southeastern part of the United States, with a high proportion of economically marginalized, African-American students that attended a high school with chronic attendance issues. The intervention was delivered through classroom lessons led by a professional school counselor, who serves a critical role in teaching mindsets and behaviors (ASCA, 2014). Participants completed two questionnaires: the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983) and the 18-item Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff, 1989). Descriptive statistics and 2-way mixed factorial ANOVAs were conducted to answer each research question. In addition, one-way ANOVAs were used to seek improvements in perceived stress of female students. The results indicated an increase in overall well-being, as well as increases in environmental mastery and personal growth. There were no significant decreases in overall perceived stress for the combined participants. However, female students reported a significant decrease in perceived stress over time. The results of this study suggest Ryff’s Theory of Psychological Well-Being and the WBSP appears to be a useful framework that can be added to the professional school counselor’s intervention toolbox. Implications for school counseling practice and recommendations for future research are later discussed.
Exercise Motivations

As the number of international and domestic college students has increased, the importance of developing healthy lifestyles has been getting significant attention from college administrators. The current study was designed to determine if differences occur in exercise motivation between international and domestic college students. A total of 155 college students from a southwestern U.S. university completed the Exercise Motivations Inventory–2 through the university’s online active research system. Analyses indicated that international students possessed a higher motivation to exercise for revitalization, while domestic students were more motivated for a challenge, competition, and social recognition. The findings suggest that campus health professionals or wellness administrators may need to utilize different strategies to promote the health of international college students through exercise programs.
International Journal of Food Engineering Optimization of Osmotic Dehydration of Radish in Salt Solution Using Response Surface Methodology

Response surface methodology was used to determine the optimum processing conditions that yield maximum water loss and weight reduction and minimum solid gain during osmotic dehydration of radish in salt solution. The experiments were conducted according to Central Composite Design (CCD). The independent process variables for osmotic dehydration process were temperature (25 – 45°C), processing time (30 -150 minutes), salt concentrations (5 25% w/w) and solution to sample ratio (5:1 – 25:1). The osmotic dehydration process was optimized for water loss, solid gain, and weight reduction. The optimum conditions were found to be: temperature – 36°C, immersion time 95 min, salt concentration – 25% and solution to sample ratio 15:1. At this optimum point, water loss, solid gain and weight reduction were found to be 34.5 (g/100 g initial sample), 2.2 (g/100 g initial sample) and 32.1 (g/100 g initial sample), respectively.
Understanding Tropical Cyclone induced changes in upper ocean temperature and salinity

Tropical Cyclones (TC) induce changes in both ocean temperature and salinity. This thesis uses available ocean in situ data to detect and quantify temperature and salinity changes for various TCs and determine the robustness of previous works. First, we present the Composite Tropical cyclone Footprint method (CTCFP), a new methodology developed during this thesis to compute the composite TC induced ocean response across multiple TC events. The method is applied to two case studies taken from the 2011 and 2014 TC seasons in the North Atlantic. Results show that the CTCFP mitigates the poor spatial and temporal representation of upper ocean state linked to the scarcity of in situ data within a given TC location. The CTCFP also proves to be a versatile tool amenable also to: 1) study TC induced changes at one TC location; 2) perform analyses of TC induced ocean response on local, regional and global scales; and 3) apply the same method to different data sources. The application of CTCFP to Argo data for TC Katia (2011) over the Amazon plume confirms a cooling of over 2˚C and an INCREASE of salinity up to 1 psu, in line with changes reported by previous studies. Similar effects are found also for TC Gonzalo (2014). However, CTCFP reveals other cases where the surface cooling after the passage of the TC is accompanied by cooling and salinity DECREASE. These results indicate that, whilst thermal TC induced changes seem always negative (cooling), the TC induced changes in salinity can be both positive (increased salinity) or negative (decreased salinity). Next, the CTCFP is applied to Argo temperature and salinity profiles from 2005 to 2015 to examine the composite signatures of TC with time and depth (top 400 m) in the North Atlantic. Results show that TC up to category 2 induce a cooling of -0.5˚C on average and a thermal recovery time between 20-25 days. Our observation-based analyses also confirm that slow moving TCs induce larger surface cooling. On average, TC induce changes in salinity of the order of 0.1 psu salinity increase, but TC induced changes in salinity are less clearly related to TC intensity than thermal changes. Finally, the CTCFP is applied to output from the data-assimilating FOAM system, indicating that while models capture the ocean thermal response to TCs relatively well, the TC induced
Clinical correlation and determination of Dkk-1 and sclerostin levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

The aim of this study is to compare serum Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) levels in patients with rheumatoid artrithis (RA) and healty controls to determine their clinical significance in patients with RA. Sixty with RA according to American Collage of Rhematology criteria and at least one year follow up, enrolled in this study and compared thýrty healty controls. To evaluate disease activity score 28 (DAS28) was calculated. Physical function capasity (disability) was asssessed with Health Assesment Quastionnarie (HAQ) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, C Reactive Protein, Rheumatoid Factor and anticyclic citrullinated peptide levels were determined by routine laboratory methods. Serum sclerostin and Dkk-1 levels of the patients with RA and healty controls were measured by ELISA. Radiographic assesment of hands joints was evaluated according to the modified Larsen score. Between patients with RA and healty controls, there was significant difference with respect to the age (respectively p=0.00) and significant difference with respect to gender (p=0.033). Serum sclerostin and dickkopf-1 levels were significantly higher (p=0.002, p=0.049) in patients with RA compared to healty controls. Serum sclerostin and dickkopf-1 levels were doesnt correlated with clinical and laboratory parameters of disease activity. There was no significant correlation between radiological scoring of joint damage and serum sclerostin and dickkopf-1levels (p 0.05). This study shows that Serum sclerostin and dickkopf-1 levels were increased in RA patients in comparison to control group but there was no significant correlation with the disease activity and joint damage. The sample of our study can be enlarged and further studies are required.