LRFD Steel Design Using Advanced Analysis

Trend Toward Advanced Analysis Introduction Design Formats Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Plastic Design (PD) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Advanced Analysis/Design AISC-LRFD Design Method Overview of AISC-LRFD Design Equations Column Curves Beam-Column Interaction Equations Effective Length Factor Moment Amplification Factor Illustrative Example 1: Two-Bay Unbraced Frame Illustrative Example 2: Leaning Column Frame Semi-Rigid Frames Methods of Advanced Analyses Plastic-Zone Method Quasi-Plastic Hinge Method Elastic-Plastic Hinge Method Notional-Load Plastic-Hinge Method Refined-Plastic Hinge Method Why Advanced Analysis Summary Practical Advanced Analysis Introduction Key Factors Influencing Steel Frame Behavior Gradual Yielding Associated with Flexure Gradual Yielding Associated with Residual Stresses Second-Order Effects Geometric Imperfections Connection Nonlinearity Desirable Attributes for Practical Advanced Analysis Second-Order Refined Plastic Hinge Analysis Stability Functions Accounting for Second-Order Effect Incremental Force-Displacement Relationship Cross-Section Plastic Strength Modification of Element Stiffness for the Presence of Plastic Hinges Tangent Modulus Model Associated with Residual Stresses Two-Surface Stiffness Degradation Model Associated with Flexure Analysis of Semi-Rigid Frames Types of Semi-Rigid Connections Practical Modeling of Connections Formulation of Initial Stiffness and Ultimate Moment Capacity Empirical Equation for Shape Parameter Practical Estimation of Three-Parameters Using Computer Program Incremental Force-Displacement Relationship Accounting for Semi-Rigid Connections Geometric Imperfection Methods Explicit Imperfection Modeling Method Equivalent Notional Load Method Further Reduced Tangent Modulus Method Numerical Implementation Summary Verifications Introduction Axially Loaded Columns Isolated Beam-Columns Mathematically Identical Columns Rigidly Jointed Truss Braced Frames Sway Frames Kanchanalai's Frames in Strong-Axis Bending Kanchanalai's Frames in Weak-Axis Bending Vogel's Frames Special Frames Braced Column with K-Factor Greater Than 1.0 Unbraced Frame with K-Factor Less Than 1.0 Semi-Rigid Frames Displacement Characteristics Comparison with Analytical Result Comparison with Experimental Result Summary Analysis and Design Principles Introduction Design Format Loads Dead Load Live Load Highway Live Load Impact Load Wind Load Earthquake Load Snow Load Rain Load Load Combinations Resistance Factors Establishment of Structural System Low-Rise Structures Multistory Structures Forms of Bracing Other Design Considerations Section Application Preliminary Member Sizing Approximate Analysis Approximate Member Sizing Modeling of Structural Members Number of Elements for a Beam Subjected to Distributed Transverse Loads Number of Elements for a Column Without Geometric Imperfections Number of Elements for a Column with Geometric Imperfections Modeling of Geometric Imperfection Explicit Imperfection Modeling Equivalent Notional Loads Modeling Further Reduced Tangent Modulus Modeling Load Application Proportional Loading Incremental Loading Analysis Load-Carrying Capacity Serviceability Limits Ductility Requirements Compactness Lateral Torsional Buckling Adjustment of Member Sizes Summary Computer Program Introduction Program Overview Nonlinear Analysis Routines Organization of Computer Program Hardware Requirements Execution of Program User's Manual General Rules Input Instructions Example Frame Configuration and Load Condition Input Data Preparation Program Execution Output Interpretation Modification of In-House Program Stability Function Cross-Section Plastic Strength CRC Tangent Modulus Parabolic Function Geometric Imperfection Semi-Rigid Connection Summary Design Examples Introduction Simple Structures Three-Span Continuous Beam Two-Story Column Truss Structures Roof Truss Pratt Truss Braced Frames Simple Braced Frame Braced Eight-Story Frame Unbraced Frames One-Story Two-Bay Frame Leaning Column Frame Two-Story Frame Eight-Story Frame Five-Bay Four-Story AISC Frame Semi-Rigid Frames Two-Story One-Bay Semi-Rigid Frame Two-Story Four-Bay Semi-Rigid Frame Summary Index