Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fit-Model Sustainable Competencies of Palangka
Raya Indonesia Peat Lands in the Environmental
Literacy (P-PSEL) Questionnaire
for Teacher-Candidates

Policies or actions on climate must be based on real community conditions. The sustainable competence of student teacher candidates in areas with peat lands characteristics can be measured by the P-PSEL. The P-PSEL questionnaire with three variables, namely knowledge, competence, and behavior, as well as 19 valid and reliable indicators, is the structure of the fit model as a measuring tool for environmental literacy in peat lands areas. The knowledge variable positively affects the competency variable, and the competency variable positively affects the behavior. The formation of peat lands environmental behavior can be started with the formation of knowledge and competence for the sustainable development of prospective teacher-candidates.
Study on the Effect of Metal Mesh on Pulsed Eddy-Current Testing of Corrosion under Insulation Using an Early-Phase Signal Feature

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a major threat to the structural integrity of insulated pipes and vessels. Pulsed eddy-current testing (PECT) is well known in the industry for detecting CUI, but its readings can be easily influenced by nearby conductive objects, including the insulation supporting metal mesh. As a sequel to our previous study, this paper focuses on the surface distribution of eddy currents at the time of the turning off of the driving voltage instead of examining the overall process of eddy current diffusion. Based on the fact that CUI takes place on the outside of the insulated specimen, the probe footprint was calculated only on the specimen surface. The corrosion depth was regarded as an increment to the probe lift-off, whose information was carried in the early PECT signal. Finite element simulations were performed to facilitate the calculation of the probe footprint and predict the signal behavior. The peak value, which appeared in the early phase of the differential PECT signal, was found to be well correlated with the corrosion depth. Further studies revealed that the mild steel mesh could result in the enlargement of the probe footprint and a decrease in the change rate of the peak value in relation to the corrosion depth. Finally, experiments were conducted to verify the simulation results. The presented findings are consistent with the previously reported results and provide a potential alternative to evaluate CUI in specific scenarios where the insulation has a fixed and uniform thickness.
Model predictive control of legged and humanoid robots: models and algorithms

ABSTRACT Model predictive control (MPC) of legged and humanoid robotic systems has been an active research topic in the past decade. While MPC for robotic systems has a long history, its paradigm such as problem formulations and algorithms has changed along with the recent drastic progress in robot hardware, computational processors, and algorithms. This survey paper reviews recent progress on MPC for legged and humanoid robotics from the following three points of view. First, we review a variety of dynamical models of robotic systems used in the MPC formulation. Second, we give an overview of MPC algorithms, particularly focusing on suitable ones for robotic problems. Finally, we introduce methods and applications of MPC for practical robotic problems from MPC based on reduced-order models to recent progress on MPC based on whole-body models. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Functional characterization of TSPAN7 as a novel indicator for immunotherapy in glioma

Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in clinical practice. Most adult diffuse gliomas have poor efficacy after standard treatment, especially glioblastoma. With the in-depth understanding of brain immune microenvironment, immunotherapy as a new treatment has attracted much attention. In this study, through analyzing a large number of glioma cohorts, we reported that TSPAN7, a member of the tetraspanin family, decreased in high-grade gliomas and low expression was associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients. Meanwhile, the expression pattern of TSPAN7 was verified in glioma clinical samples and glioma cell lines by qPCR, Western Blotting and immunofluorescence. In addition, functional enrichment analysis showed that cell proliferation, EMT, angiogenesis, DNA repair and MAPK signaling pathways were activated in the TSPAN7 lower expression subgroup. Lentiviral plasmids were used to overexpress TSPAN7 in U87 and LN229 glioma cell lines to explore the anti-tumor role of TSPAN7 in glioma. Moreover, by analyzing the relationship between TSPAN7 expression and immune cell infiltration in multiple datasets, we found that TSPAN7 was significantly negatively correlated with the immune infiltration of tumor-related macrophages, especially M2-type macrophages. Further analysis of immune checkpoints showed that, the expression level of TSPAN7 was negatively correlated with the expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4. Using an independent anti-PD-1 immunotherapy cohorts of GBM, we demonstrated that TSPAN7 expression may had a synergistic effect with PD-L1 on the response to immunotherapy. Based on the above findings, we speculate that TSPAN7 can serve as a biomarker for prognosis and a potential immunotherapy target in glioma patients.
Geographical, temporal, and individual‐based differences in the trophic ecology of female Cape fur seals

Abstract Information on resource use and trophic dynamics of marine predators is important for understanding their role in ecosystem functioning and predicting population‐level responses to environmental change. Where separate populations experience different local environmental conditions, geographic variability in their foraging ecology is often expected. Within populations, individuals also vary in morphology, physiology, and experience, resulting in specialization in resource use. In this context, isotopic compositions of incrementally grown tissues such as keratinous hairs offer a valuable opportunity to study long‐term variation in resource and habitat use. We investigated the trophic ecology of female Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) using carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of serially sampled whiskers collected at four breeding sites along the coast of South Africa. Drawing on over 900 isotopic measurements, we assessed geographic variability in isotopic niche width between colonies and the degree of individual specialization. We found slight, but clear geographic differences in isotopic ratios and isotopic niche widths, seemingly related to ecological setting, with niche widths being proportional to the area of available shelf and shelf‐slope habitat surrounding the colony. We further identified periodic oscillations in isotopic ratios, which likely reflect temporal patterns in foraging distribution and prey type, linked to shifts in the availability of prey resources and their interaction with constraints on individual females throughout their breeding cycle. Finally, individual specialization indices revealed that each of the study populations contain specialist individuals that utilize only a small subset of the total population niche width. The degree of individual specialization was, however, not consistent across colonies and may reflect an interactive influence between density‐dependent effects and habitat heterogeneity. Overall, this study provides important information on the trophic ecology of Cape fur seals breeding in South Africa and highlights the need to consider geographic and individual variability when assessing the foraging ecology of marine predators.
GENERALIZED COUPLED THERMOELASTICITY OF DISKS BASED ON THE LORD–SHULMAN MODEL

A one-dimensional generalized thermoelasticity model of a disk based on the Lord–Shulman theory is presented. The dynamic thermoelastic response of the disk under axisymmetric thermal shock loading is studied. The effects of the relaxation time and coupling coefficient are studied. The Laplace transform method is used to transform the coupled governing equations into the space domain, where the Galerkin finite element method is employed to solve the resulting equations in the transformed domain. The dimensionless temperature, displacement, and stresses in the transformed domain are inverted to obtain the actual physical quantities using the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform method.
Automated Battery Making Fault Classification Using Over-Sampled Image Data CNN Features

Due to the tremendous expectations placed on batteries to produce a reliable and secure product, fault detection has become a critical part of the manufacturing process. Manually, it takes much labor and effort to test each battery individually for manufacturing faults including burning, welding that is too high, missing welds, shifting, welding holes, and so forth. Additionally, manual battery fault detection takes too much time and is extremely expensive. We solved this issue by using image processing and machine learning techniques to automatically detect faults in the battery manufacturing process. Our approach will reduce the need for human intervention, save time, and be easy to implement. A CMOS camera was used to collect a large number of images belonging to eight common battery manufacturing faults. The welding area of the batteries’ positive and negative terminals was captured from different distances, between 40 and 50 cm. Before deploying the learning models, first, we used the CNN for feature extraction from the image data. To over-sample the dataset, we used the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) since the dataset was highly imbalanced, resulting in over-fitting of the learning model. Several machine learning and deep learning models were deployed on the CNN-extracted features and over-sampled data. Random forest achieved a significant 84% accuracy with our proposed approach. Additionally, we applied K-fold cross-validation with the proposed approach to validate the significance of the approach, and the logistic regression achieved an 81.897% mean accuracy score and a +/− 0.0255 standard deviation.
Good Governance and Ethics in Institutional Leadership: A Review of County Governments in Kenya

, Hassan (2019) distinguishes between unethical leadership and absence of ethical leadership. The former is said to be ethically neutral leadership, while the latter refers to leader behaviours and actions that are illegal or violate the existing moral standards. Abstract: Good governance is essential in providing structures and processes that ensure accountability, responsiveness, transparency and adherence to the rule of law. It entails rules, policies, laws that guide activities which entrench of a culture of excellence. Consequently, leaders steer their administrations in the right direction by implementing sound governance systems. On the other hand, ethics provides a moral compass, which is critical in determining right and wrong actions. This enhances personal responsibility and promotes social order. Good governance and ethics are therefore complimentary concepts that are significant in ensuring that institutions achieve their mandate. The role of good governance and ethics in the political leadership in Kenya cannot be overlooked. The enactment of The Constitution of Kenya, 2010 saw the establishment of a decentralised system of government, comprising 47 Counties. This presented a new frontier for accelerating development and service delivery to the citizenry. However, Counties have been marred with political, fiscal and administrative challenges. It is therefore essential to assess the role of good governance and ethics in Kenya’s decentralized system, which can contribute in addressing these emerging challenges. This includes addressing the capacity of the leaders, governance systems and structures as well the need for establishing an ethical culture.
The Weak Lefschetz Property for monomial complete intersection in positive characteristic

Let A = k[x1, . , xn]/(x1, . . . , x d n), where k is an infinite field. If k has characteristic zero, then Stanley proved that A has the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP). Henceforth, k has positive characteristic p. If n = 3, then Brenner and Kaid have identified all d, as a function of p, for which A has the WLP. In the present paper, the analogous project is carried out for 4 ≤ n. If 4 ≤ n and p = 2, then A has the WLP if and only if d = 1. If n = 4 and p is odd, then we prove that A has the WLP if and only if d = kq + r for integers k, q, r with 1 ≤ k ≤ p−1 2 , r ∈ { q−1 2 , q+1 2 } , and q = pe for some non-negative integer e. If 5 ≤ n, then we prove that A has the WLP if and only if ⌊ n(d−1)+3 2 ⌋ ≤ p. We first interpret the WLP for the ring k[x1, . , xn]/(x1 , . . . , x d n) in terms of the degrees of the non-Koszul relations on the elements x1 , . , x d n−1, (x1 + . . . + xn−1) d in the polynomial ring k[x1, . , xn−1]. We then exhibit a sufficient condition for k[x1, . , xn]/(x1, . . . , x d n) to have the WLP. This condition is expressed in terms of the non-vanishing in k of determinants of various Toeplitz matrices of binomial coefficients. Frobenius techniques are used to produce relations of low degree on x1 , . , x d n−1, (x1 + . . .+ xn−1) d. From this we obtain a necessary condition for A to have the WLP. We prove that the necessary condition is sufficient by showing that the relevant determinants are non-zero in k.
Spectroscopy of the growing circumstellar disk in the Delta Scorpii Be binary

We present the results of a spectroscopic monitoring program of the binary system Delta Scorpii, whose primary became a Be star after the last periastron encounter in the Summer of 2000. The observations cover a period of 2 years (March 2001–June 2003) and are a continuation of our previous campaign reported in Miroshnichenko et al. (2001). We found that the emission-line spectrum was gradually strengthening over the whole monitoring period.
Tax Aggressiveness: Financial Distress and Risk Management Committee

This study aims to examine the effect of financial distress and the Risk Management Committee on tax aggressiveness. This study uses quantitative and secondary data in the form of data on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2013 to 2019. The results show that 1) bfinancial distress has a negative effect on tax aggressiveness, which means that financial distress actually reduces the company's tax aggressiveness efforts. Maintaining the company's positive reputation through compliance with regulations is seen as more important to maintain the company's viability than the benefits of short-term funding 2) The Risk Management Committee does not affect the company's supervision in carrying out tax aggressiveness in financial distress conditions.
The growing self-avoiding trail

The author introduces a new random walk which can be used as a model for the theta polymer. The walk belongs to a different universality class from the usual SAW. Extensive Monte Carlo calculations have been performed to calculate the exponents gamma and nu . The author finds in two dimensions nu -0.535 and gamma =1.025 and in three dimensions nu =0.50 and gamma =1.0. This result strongly suggests that the upper critical dimension is equal to three.
Information Theory and its Two basic Applications

Entropy, relative entropy and mutual information which are three fundamental quantities in information theory are discussed. The difference between entropy of an information source and thermodynamic entropy is given. The meaning of the term information source is discussed in detail. Two applications of information theory: data compression and data transmission are given. Entropy also gives the lower limit up to which lossless compression can be achieved. When rate of transmission is less than or equal to the capacity of the channel, reliable communication can be obtained on a noisy channel. The theoretical limits given by information theory motivate researchers to find new practical systems to reach closer to these limits.
Global existence for coupled reaction-diffusion systems

Abstract We prove here global existence in time of classical solutions for reaction–diffusion systems with strong coupling in the diffusion and with natural structure conditions on the nonlinear reactive terms. This extends some similar results in the case of a diagonal diffusion-operator associated with nonlinearities preserving the positivity and the total mass of the solutions or for which the total mass is a priori bounded. Here, however, no positivity assumption is made since nondiagonal systems do not preserve it.
Determinants of poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study

Background Poor glycemic control is one of the most determinant factors for type 2 diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. The proportion of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with poor glycemic control remains high. Yet evidence on factors contributing to poor glycemic control remains scarce. The aim of this study is to identify determinants of poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at a diabetes mellitus clinic in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia Determinants of Poor Glycemic Control among Type 2 Diabetes mellitus Patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted from June to September 2020. Using convenience sampling techniques, a total of 90 cases and 90 controls with type 2 diabetes were recruited. The data were entered into Epidata version 4.6. 0.2 and analyzed by Stata version 14. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between independent variables and glycemic control. Both 95% CI and p-value<0.05 were used to determine the level and significance, respectively. Results The mean age ( ± standard deviations) for the cases and controls were 57.55± 10.42 and 61.03± 8.93% respectively. The determinants of poor glycemic control were age (Adjusted odd ratio (AOR)= 0.08; 95% CI= 0.02-0.33), inadequate physical exercise (AOR = 5.05; 95% CI = 1.99-11.98), presence of comorbidities (AOR = 5.50; 95% CI = 2.06-14.66), non-adherence to anti-diabetes medications (AOR= 2.76; 95% CI= 1.19-6.40), persistent proteinuria (AOR=4.95; 95% CI=1.83-13.36) and high-density lipoprotein less than 40 mg/dl (AOR=3.08; 95% CI= 1.30-7.31). Conclusions Age less than 65 years, inadequate physical exercise, presence of comorbidities, non-adherence to anti-diabetes medications, persistent proteinuria, and high-density lipoprotein less than 40 mg/dl were the determinants of poor glycemic control. Therefore, targeted educational and behavioral modification programs on adequate exercise and medication adherence should be routinely practiced. Furthermore, early guideline-based screening and treatment of comorbidities and complications is required to effectively manage diabetes mellitus.
Expanding Urban Tree Species Diversity in Florida (USA): Challenges and Opportunities for Practitioners

Abstract While many practitioners and scholars understand the risks associated with low urban tree diversity, they often lack the ability to rectify this challenge on their own. The complex system of tree production and procurement is shaped by market pressures, nursery and site constraints, local governance, and differing professional objectives among those who grow, specify, and plant trees. To understand constraints to and opportunities for increasing urban tree diversity, we conducted a series of focus groups comprised of nursery growers, landscape architects, and municipal tree managers. Our results highlight a significant list of considerations and constraints to diversity, with some issues shared among green industries and some specific to growers or purchasers. In light of our findings, we outline actionable strategies for increasing urban tree diversity.
Structural and transport studies of stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric thin films of the full Heusler alloy Co2MnSi

Co2MnSi Heusler alloy thin films have been grown by cosputtering from three elemental targets. Changes in growth temperature and stoichiometry affect the film texture and the temperature dependence of the resistivity. However, the spin polarization of the transport current is insensitive to these changes, being of the order of 54% as determined by point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy. Stoichiometric films are single phase, have a strong (110) texture, and a saturation magnetization of 1007 emu/cc (4.95 μB/formula unit) at 10 K.
Regimes in the wintertime circulation over northern extratropics. II: Consequences for dynamical predictability

A classification of hemispheric flow patterns into clusters corresponding to circulation regimes is used to analyse the errors in geopotential fields predicted by the ECMWF models in the medium range during winter. It is found that the probability distributions of both the r.m.s. error over the northern hemisphere and the amplitude of large-scale planetary waves are bimodal in the region of phase space where the fields have negative or small projection onto an EOF (empirical orthogonal function) that partially resembles the Pacific-North-American pattern, and where the separation between clusters is strongest. In addition to a true systematic error, a regime-dependent component exists in the error fields, whose pattern is opposite to the anomaly of the observed flow regime. In fact, the ECMWF model (especially its earlier versions) tends to relax the flow towards its most densely populated regime. These results are supported by an analysis of the frequencies of transitions between different clusters, and are interpreted on the basis of simple analytical solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation for stochastically-perturbed dynamical systems. Statistics computed for different ECMWF models show that a considerable improvement in both the systematic and the regime-dependent component of the medium-range error occurred with the T106 model, owing principally to its improved physical parametrization. However, even though the bias towards states with low wave amplitude has been strongly reduced in the T106 model, a loss of predictability is still associated with transitions to regimes with large amplitude of planetary waves.