Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WOMEN'S TRAVEL FOR SHOPPING IN TRADITIONAL NEIGHBORHOODS: HOW DOES A WOMEN'S ROLE IN THE HOUSEHOLD AFFECT ACTIVITY AND TRAVEL FOR SHOPPING

In recent years a group of architects, real estate developers, and environmentalists have argued for a new form of urban development, called the "New Urbanism" or neo-traditional development. The New Urbanists advocate a form of development that typically includes mixed-use development, a grid street pattern, and increased density, especially around transit stations. This paper considers the differences in the shopping activity and travel of men and women in six traditional shopping areas in the Oakland-Berkeley area of the San Francisco region. These shopping areas were specifically chosen because they have a higher level of density than traditional suburban developments and include the mix of services and resident that should provide access for women.
The Changing Forests of Central Oklahoma: A Look at the Composition of the Cross Timbers Prior to Euro-American Settlement, in the 1950's, and Today

Prior to Euro-American settlement, the Cross Timbers of the Southern Plains marked the edge of “civilization,” beyond which lay a prairie ecosystem ruled primarily by Plains Indian tribes. War, trade, and pasture for cattle brought an increased Euro-American presence by the middle of the 19th century. In the early 1870s a large portion of what was to become the state of Oklahoma was surveyed by the General Land Office (GLO). Although these surveys were not conducted for ecological purposes, they have provided information on pre-settlement vegetation that has been invaluable for researchers seeking to reconstruct the historical landscape. Perhaps the most beneficial information for historical ecologists and biogeographers comes from data on bearing trees recorded by GLO surveyors, which have given present-day researchers a good idea of the species composition of Cross Timbers forests during this time. When compared to modern studies of the Cross Timbers, it documents a change in species composition over time, believed to be the result of fire suppression and perhaps the beginning of a wetter climate cycle. In central Oklahoma, this has meant a shift from forests dominated by Quercus marilandica and Quercus stellata (with the former being more abundant) to forests containing an equal abundance of these two species, and an increase in Carya texana, Juniperus virginiana, and other mesophytic and invasive woody species.
Retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes of ACL reconstruction-A retrospective study

Background: Ligament disruption occurs without a fall or direct contact where deceleration along with valgus external rotation or hyper extension force comes into play. Objective: to determine the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction in ACL tear patients reconstructed by semitendinosus and gracillis autograft by retrospective study. Methods: Patients presenting with unilateral knee complaints in the orthopedic outpatient department of the hospital were evaluated by a thorough general and local clinical examination of the knee. Uninjured knees of normal subjects in supine position were taken as reference. Results: Nearly all the patients have shown maximum improvement after the surgery with no instability whatsoever during routine and exertional activities. The quality of life of the patient has not been affected by the surgery and is same as it was before the trauma. Conclusion: ACL reconstruction by semitendinosus-gracilis autograft with a torn anterior cruciate ligament in nearly all the patients who were available for follow up. Significant improvements in functional scores were
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Central Metabolism Is Key Regulator of Macrophage Pyroptosis and Host Immunity

Metabolic dysregulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis results in increased macrophage apoptosis or pyroptosis. However, mechanistic links between Mycobacterium virulence and bacterial metabolic plasticity remain ill defined. In this study, we screened random transposon insertions of M. bovis BCG to identify mutants that induce pyroptotic death of the infected macrophage. Analysis of the transposon insertion sites identified a panel of fdr (functioning death repressor) genes, which were shown in some cases to encode functions central to Mycobacterium metabolism. In-depth studies of one fdr gene, fdr8 (BCG3787/Rv3727), demonstrated its important role in the maintenance of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG redox balance in reductive stress conditions in the host. Our studies expand the subset of known Mycobacterium genes linking bacterial metabolic plasticity to virulence and also reveal that the broad induction of pyroptosis by an intracellular bacterial pathogen is linked to enhanced cellular immunity in vivo.
Meteorological drought assessment in north east highlands of Ethiopia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the patterns and trends of drought incidence in north east highlands of Ethiopia using monthly rainfall record for the period 1984-2014. Design/methodology/approach – Standard precipitation index and Mann – Kendal test were used to analyze drought incident and trends of drought occurrences, respectively. The spatial extent of droughts in the study area has been interpolated by inverse distance weighted method using the spatial analyst tool of ArcGIS. Findings – Most of the studied stations experienced drought episodes in 1984, 1987/1988, 1992/1993, 1999, 2003/2004 and 2007/2008 which were among the worst drought years in the history of Ethiopia. The year 1984 was the most drastic and distinct-wide extreme drought episode in all studied stations. The Mann – Kendal test shows an increasing tendencies of drought at three-month (spring) timescale at all stations though signi ﬁ cant ( p < 0.05) only at Mekaneselam and decreasing tendencies at three-month (summer) and 12-month timescales at all stations. The frequency of total drought was the highest in central and north parts of the region in all study seasons. Originality/value – This detail drought characterization can be used as bench mark to take comprehensive drought management measures such as early warning system, preparation and contingency planning, climate change adaptation programs.
The effect of plasma shape and neutral beam mix on the rotation threshold for RMP-ELM suppression

Varying the neutral beam injection (NBI) mix reveals a clear pedestal-top rotation threshold for edge localized mode (ELM) suppression by resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs). Guided by expectations for the RMP penetration mechanism, the rotation threshold is found to correspond to a critical radius for the rotation zero-crossing. No such critical radius is observed for the electron perpendicular rotation zero-crossing. Varying the amount and ratio of power in different NBI source geometries (termed the NBI mix) also reveals that the rotation threshold can be crossed at widely varying total injected NBI torques. Computing the local torque density at the edge, the rotation threshold is found to be crossed when the local edge NBI torque is negative in nearly all discharges. Reducing the upper triangularity from the ITER-similar value of 0.3 to 0.1 significantly reduces the pedestal height and width. This in turn: (1) increases the rotation threshold and yields a more outward critical rotation zero-crossing location, (2) decreases the density threshold, consistent with a comparable collisionality range at lower pedestal temperatures, and (3) increases the input torque requirement due to observed lower confinement and smaller intrinsic torque. These findings represent an important step along the road to predicting ELM suppression access conditions in future tokamaks such as ITER, where the toroidal rotation is expected to be low and consequently the rotation zero-crossing is far from the pedestal top.
Skin autofluorescence in diabetes mellitus

Introduction Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. We recently reported the association between skin autofluorescence, as a measure of tissue AGE accumulation, and diabetic neuropathy in a selected diabetic population. In this study, we investigated the relation between skin autofluorescence and clinical variables including micro-and macrovascular complications in a type 2 diabetes primary care population. Methods Clinical data and skin autofluorescence were obtained in the type 2 diabetes group (n=973) and in a control group (n=231). Skin autofluorescence was assessed by illumination of the lower arm with a fluorescent tube (peak intensity ~370 nm). Results Skin autofluorescence was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients compared with control subjects in each age category. Multiple regression analysis showed significant correlation of skin autofluorescence with age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, smoking, HbA1c, plasma creatinine, HDL cholesterol, and albumin-to-creatinine ratio in the type 2 diabetes group (R 2 =25%) and with age and smoking in the control group (R 2 =46%). Skin autofluorescence was significantly higher in the type 2 diabetes group, with both micro-and macrovascular disease, compared with the group without complications and the group with only microvascular complications. Conclusion This study confirms in a large group of type 2 diabetic patients that skin autofluorescence is higher compared with age-matched control subjects and is associated with the severity of diabetes-related complications. Skin autofluorescence reflecting vascular damage might be a rapid and helpful tool in the diabetes outpatient clinic for identifying diabetic patients who are at risk for developing complications.
Géochimie du mercure dans des sédiments estuariens et côtiers : cas de la Seine (France) et de la baie de Kaštela (Croatie)

La distribution et la speciation du mercure (mercure total et monomethylmercure) ont ete etudiees sur les differentes phases (solide ,et eau interstitielle) de sediments estuariens (Seine, France) et cotiers (baie de Kastela, Croatie). Les sediments de la baie de Kastela sont fortement contamines (4. 0 a 65. 0 mg Hg. Kg-1) par l'activite d'une usine de production de chlore et de soude. Les sediments des vasieres d'eaux douces (vasiere de Oissel) et salines (vasiere Nord) de l'estuaire de la Seine presentent des teneurs plus faibles (0. 1 a 2. 2 mg. Kg-1), temoignant d'une contamination moyenne d'origine industrielle et agricole. Une etude approfondie des carottes prelevees pour ces trois systemes aquatiques, nous a permis de mettre en evidence l'influence des cycles du soufre et du carbone sur la repartition et l'abondance du mercure total et du monomethylmercure dans les differentes phases de la colonne sedimentaire, ainsi que d'estimer les facteurs controlant la methylation du mercure dans ces sediments. Enfin une autre partie de ce travail a ete consacree a la mise au point d'extractions specifiques permettant d'isoler et de determiner les parts relatives de mercure reactif et de mercure sous forme de cinabre et / ou metacinabre (HgS) presentes dans les sediments.
Dysfunction of the intestinal microbiome in inflammatory bowel

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Managing Musculoskeletal Pain in Older Adults Through a Digital Care Solution: Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Clinical Study

Background Aging is closely associated with an increased prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions. Digital musculoskeletal care interventions emerged to deliver timely and proper rehabilitation; however, older adults frequently face specific barriers and concerns with digital care programs (DCPs). Objective This study aims to investigate whether known barriers and concerns of older adults impacted their participation in or engagement with a DCP or the observed clinical outcomes in comparison with younger individuals. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of a single-arm investigation assessing the recovery of patients with musculoskeletal conditions following a DCP for up to 12 weeks. Patients were categorized according to age: ≤44 years old (young adults), 45-64 years old (middle-aged adults), and ≥65 years old (older adults). DCP access and engagement were evaluated by assessing starting proportions, completion rates, ability to perform exercises autonomously, assistance requests, communication with their physical therapist, and program satisfaction. Clinical outcomes included change between baseline and program end for pain (including response rate to a minimal clinically important difference of 30%), analgesic usage, mental health, work productivity, and non–work-related activity impairment. Results Of 16,229 patients, 12,082 started the program: 38.3% (n=4629) were young adults, 55.7% (n=6726) were middle-aged adults, and 6% (n=727) were older adults. Older patients were more likely to start the intervention and to complete the program compared to young adults (odds ratio [OR] 1.72, 95% CI 1.45-2.06; P<.001 and OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.97-2.92; P<.001, respectively) and middle-aged adults (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03-1.45; P=.03 and OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.14-1.68; P=.001, respectively). Whereas older patients requested more technical assistance and exhibited a slower learning curve in exercise performance, their engagement was higher, as reflected by higher adherence to both exercise and education pieces. Older patients interacted more with the physical therapist (mean 12.6, SD 18.4 vs mean 10.7, SD 14.7 of young adults) and showed higher satisfaction scores (mean 8.7, SD 1.9). Significant improvements were observed in all clinical outcomes and were similar between groups, including pain response rates (young adults: 949/1516, 62.6%; middle-aged adults: 1848/2834, 65.2%; and older adults: 241/387, 62.3%; P=.17). Conclusions Older adults showed high adherence, engagement, and satisfaction with the DCP, which were greater than in their younger counterparts, together with significant clinical improvements in all studied outcomes. This suggests DCPs can successfully address and overcome some of the barriers surrounding the participation and adequacy of digital models in the older adult population.
Reaching Those in Need: Estimates of State Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation Rates in 2012

Recent studies have examined Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) national participation rates as well as participation rates for socioeconomic and demographic subgroups. This document presents estimates of SNAP participation rates for all eligible people and for the working poor, by state, for fiscal year 2012. These estimates can be used to assess recent program performance and focus efforts to improve access.
State Classification in Injection Molding Cycles using Transformation of Acceleration Data into Images

In this paper, we present a method to distinguish the different states of an injection molding process which is an important basis for monitoring and subsequently optimizing the production process and its efficiency. For this purpose, a triaxial accelerometer is used, which can be easily and inexpensively retrofitted on the machine. The signals from the accelerometer are transformed into images using various algorithms known from the literature (especially for human activity recognition). Afterwards, these images are classified using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The classification results of different transformation methods and CNNs are combined by weighted majority voting to achieve higher robustness of the classification. The results show high accuracy and are promising for further developments in this area.
Recent Advances in RP-POL-In-SAR Hazard Monitoring of Tectonic Stress and Land-Slides

Worldwide, medium- to short-term earthquake prediction is becoming ever more essential for safeguarding man due to an un-abating population increase, but hitherto there have been no verifiable methods of reliable earthquake prediction developed. This dilemma is a result of previous and still current approaches to earthquake prediction which are squarely based on the measurement of crustal movements, observable only after a tectonic stress-change discharge (earthquake) has occurred. During the past decades it was proved and shown that it is not possible to derive reliable models for earthquake predictions from crustal movement measurements alone, and that an entirely new approach must be taken and rigorously pursued over years and decades to come. In support of this conclusion, there have been reported throughout the history of man anecdotal historical up to scientifically verifiable earthquake precursor or "seismo-genic" signatures of various kind - biological, geological, geo-chemical and especially a rather large plethora of diverse electromagnetic ones on ground, in air and space, denoted as "seismo-electromagnetic" signatures. Taiwan is one of the few regions where those phenomena may best be observed. In this overview a systematic analysis of main historical records, a summary of pertinent "seimogenic" as well as observed "seismo-electromagnetic" effects and modern ground-based to air- and space-borne metrological signature investigations are presented placing major emphasis on ongoing studies in Taiwan.
Image-Based Indoor Localization Using Smartphone Cameras In Textureless Environment

In recent years, Location Based Services (LBS) have developed rapidly. There is an urgent need to establish a low-cost and convenient method to get precise positions indoors. Therefore, we choose an easier way of using monocular camera mounted on a mobile terminal to achieve indoor visual positioning. In this paper, two main problems are studied under this condition. Firstly, the feature extraction method is designed to minimize the loss of positioning information while processing quickly in textureless environment. Secondly, the relative direction vector obtained from the epipolar geometry cannot converge at the point to be located due to errors, so a position determination method is proposed to transform the problem of positioning into distance calculation. A WeChat mini program was built for users to obtain location information. Experimental results show that 90% positioning error was less than 0. 5m, and the average error was less than 0.32m.
Conservation of the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus):carnivore and people relationships in the southeast of Brazil

Maned wolves are endangered carnivores endemic to Brazil. This research aimed to compare the attitudes of interest groups towards the conservation of the maned wolf in urban and rural areas; to investigate how such attitudes may influence the maned wolf's status and conservation; and to recommend ways to incorporate such knowledge into strategies to conserve both wolf and habitat. The methodology used questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires targeted people living in the neighbourhood of conservation areas, staff and students (year 8 and sixth-form) of local schools; staff and visitors to conservation areas and zoos in three main research locations: Greater Sao Paulo, the Low Mogiana region and Sao Carlos city. Other conservation areas and zoos within the Sao Paulo state contributed further data. The relationship between socio-demographic factors and attitudes towards the maned wolf conservation was also investigated to identify the most positive and negative profiles of respondents. Overall, results indicate a lack of antagonism between urban and rural populations. Results suggest that negative attitudes towards the maned wolf related to: misconceptions about feeding habits and to a lack of clear differentiation between the maned wolf and Canis lupus; perceptions of threat connected to the presence of the maned wolf on people's properties; and possibly values undermining local wildlife. Results, however, consistently indicated local people's tolerance towards the species and towards occasional predation events. Results also indicate discrepancies existing between bio/education professionals' expectations of local people's attitudes and the actual attitudes displayed by the latter. Recommendations addressed misconceptions and values regarding the maned wolf, inclusion of the local community and their issues, and relationships between interest groups for the benefit of maned wolf conservation. The positive attitudes of a majority towards the maned wolf suggest they may support actions favourable to the species and maintain their position in case of conflict. However, further investigation is advised into local people's awareness of the causes of the decline of the maned wolf and of how their behaviour may affect populations of wolves.
Finite Element Analysis of GeTe / Ge2Sb2Te5 Interfacial Phase Change Memory Devices

High switching current and energy are major challenges yet to be overcome effectively in phase change memory for large scale industry-level production. Superlattice based interfacial phase change memory (iPCM) has shown great potential in recent years to provide reduced current density operation. In this work, we perform finite element method based computational study on GeTe/Ge2Sb2Te5 iPCM pillar cell and analyze the device performance for different material and structural parameters. The simulation results predict ~12.5% reduction in RESET energy in iPCM compared to the conventional PCM. We obtain ~4.6x decrease in RESET current when the device is scaled down from 50 nm to 10 nm. Increase in the number of periods of the superlattice results in less RESET current required, which can be attributed to the better thermal confinement due to additional thermal boundary resistances at the increased number of interfaces.
Analyses of Wildlife-Vehicle Collision Data: Applications for Guiding Decision-Making for Wildlife Crossing Mitigation and Motorist Safety: I. Limiting Effects of Road-Kill Reporting Data Due to Spatial Inaccuracy

To properly mitigate road impacts to wildlife and increase motorist safety, transportation departments need to be able to identify where particular individuals, species, taxa, and vertebrate communities are susceptible to high road-kill rates along roads. Research on wildlife-vehicle collisions has demonstrated that they do not occur randomly but are spatially clustered (Puglisi et al., 1974; Hubbard et al., 2000; Clevenger et al., 2001; Joyce and Mahoney, 2001). The presence of wildlife tends to be linked to specific habitats and adjacent land use types. Thus, landscape spatial patterns would be expected to play an important role in determining road-kill locations and rates (Forman and Alexander, 1998). Explanatory factors of wildlife road-kills vary widely between species and taxa. Thus, to understand the importance of such factors and processes, it is first necessary to be able to measure and describe the spatial pattern of road-kill aggregations.