Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VIRTUAL CLASSROOM: LEARNERS' INSIGHT ON ENGAGING ZOOM AS A PLATFORM FOR LEARNING SPEAKING

Keterampilan berbicara merupakan suatu proses yang memerlukan latihan secara berkala. Namun, pandemi Covid-19 mempengaruhi semua aspek khususnya pendidikan. Pemerintah memerintahkan agar belajar mengajar dilakukan secara online atau belajar dan menagajar dari rumah. Zoom adalah media online yang digunakan untuk menunjang pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan Zoom sebagai media online dalam belajar bahasa Inggris (kemampuan berbicara). Metode penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Sampel penelitan ini adalah mahasiswa keperawatan Universitas Mohammad Natsir Bukittinggi angkatan 2019 (Kelas A &B), berjumlah 68 orang. Instrumen penelitian adalah kuisioner. Peneliti menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan STATCAL dalam menganalisa hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa setuju dengan beberapa pernyataan bahwa belajar secara virtual dengan menggunakan Zoom sesuai dengan situasi saat ini karena dapat memperlancar proses pembelajaran dan tetap dapat mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Sementara itu, mahasiswa merespon dengan hasil positif atau menyetujui semua komponen yang diberikan terkait persepsi mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan Zoom sebagai media pembelajaran untuk kelas speaking. Penjelasan lebih rinci dijelaskan dalam hasil dan pembahasan. Kata Kunci: online-learning, zoom, keterampilan berbicara, persepsi mahasiswa
Altered Blood–Brain Barrier Dynamics in the C9orf72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

For peripherally administered drugs to reach the central nervous system (CNS) and treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), they must cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). As mounting evidence suggests that the ultrastructure of the BBB is altered in individuals with ALS and in animal models of ALS (e.g., SOD1G93A mice), we characterized BBB transporter expression and function in transgenic C9orf72 BAC (C9-BAC) mice expressing a hexanucleotide repeat expansion, the most common genetic cause of ALS. Using an in situ transcardiac brain perfusion technique, we identified a 1.4-fold increase in 3H-2-deoxy-D-glucose transport across the BBB in C9-BAC transgenic (C9) mice, relative to wild-type (WT) mice, which was associated with a 1.3-fold increase in brain microvascular glucose transporter 1 expression, while other general BBB permeability processes (passive diffusion, efflux transporter function) remained unaffected. We also performed proteomic analysis on isolated brain microvascular endothelial cells, in which we noted a mild (14.3%) reduction in zonula occludens-1 abundance in C9 relative to WT mice. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted trends in changes to various BBB transporters and cellular metabolism. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate altered BBB function in a C9orf72 repeat expansion model of ALS, which has implications on how therapeutics may access the brain in this mouse model.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR UNTUK MEMPERSIAPKAN PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21

Pendidikan seharusnya mampu memberikan pengajaran-pengajaran untuk meningkatkan keterampilan abad 21 agar generasi muda dapat menghadapi tantangan, masalah, kehidupan dan karir di abad 21 ini (Mutiani & Faisal, 2019). Berdasarkan pemaparan National education Association, keterampilan abad 21 teridentifikasi sebagai “The 4Cs” yang meliputi critical thinking, creativity, communication dan collaboration. Hal ini sesuai dengan konsep pendidikan yang digunakan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia dalam mengembangkan Kurikulum yaitu keterampilan abad 21 (21st Century Skills). Kurikulum merdeka merupakan kurikulum yang diharapkan mampu memberikan proses pembelajaran untuk mempersiapkan tuntutan kecakapan di abad 21. Beberapa satuan pendidikan di Indonesia telah mengimplementasikan kurikulum merdeka, tetapi pendidikan di Indonesia masih dalam masa pemulihan pembelajaran tahun 2022-2024, sehingga pengimplementasian kurikulum merdeka masih menjadi opsi dan belum dilaksanakan secara serentak. Beberapa sekolah yang telah melaksanakan kurikulum merdeka menilai masih terdapat banyak tantangan yang harus dihadapi salah satunya adalah mindset guru. Pada kurikulum merdeka, guru memiliki peran penting, tetapi pada implementasinya banyak guru yang belum siap dan mampu menyusun RPP yang baik, selain itu guru dan siswa lebih banyak yang belum paham konsep Merdeka Belajar. Hal ini menunjukkan masih kurangnya keterampilan abad 21 pada implementasi kurikulum merdeka
Omentin as an Independent Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Among Adolescents in Northeast China

Purpose We investigated the association of omentin with metabolic syndrome (MetS), MetS components, and obesity in adolescents. Methods A total of 742 middle-school students from Liaoyang City were enrolled in this cross-sectional study using the stratified cluster sampling method. Clinical information and blood samples were collected, and serum omentin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Mean plasma omentin levels were lower in male than in female participants (88.25 (interquartile range 63.02–133.61) vs 99.46 (interquartile range 69.08–188.35) ng/L, P = 0.004). The participants were divided into four groups according to the quartile (Q) values of omentin from low to high. With increasing omentin levels from Q1 to Q4, the age of adolescents and the proportion of males gradually increased (P < 0.05), whereas the body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.05) and prevalence of MetS (P > 0.05) tended to decrease. Omentin levels were significantly and negatively correlated with waist circumference and BMI (correlation coefficients of ˗0.099 and ˗0.115, respectively). Regression analysis showed that omentin level was independently associated with the risk of MetS (Odds ratio, OR = 0.639, 95% confidence interval, CI (0.432, 0.945)), which was attributed to the association with central obesity (OR = 0.775, 95% CI (0.605, 0.993)) among MetS components. Increased omentin levels also indicated a reduced risk of obesity (OR = 0.700, 95% CI (0.563, 0.870)). Conclusion Omentin is an independent predictor of MetS and obesity among adolescents in northeast China.
Unraveling Genomic Regions Controlling Root Traits as a Function of Nitrogen Availability in the MAGIC Wheat Population WM-800

An ever-growing world population demands to be fed in the future and environmental protection and climate change need to be taken into account. An important factor here is nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE), which is influenced by the root system (the interface between plant and soil). To understand the natural variation of root system architecture (RSA) as a function of nitrogen (N) availability, a subset of the multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) winter wheat population WM-800 was phenotyped under two contrasting N treatments in a high-throughput phenotyping system at the seedling stage. Fourteen root and shoot traits were measured. Subsequently, these traits were genetically analyzed using 13,060 polymorphic haplotypes and SNPs in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). In total, 64 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected; 60 of them were N treatment specific. Candidate genes for the detected QTL included NRT1.1 and genes involved in stress signaling under N−, whereas candidate genes under N+ were more associated with general growth, such as mei2 and TaWOX11b. This finding may indicate (i) a disparity of the genetic control of root development under low and high N supply and, furthermore, (ii) the need for an N specific selection of genes and genotypes in breeding new wheat cultivars with improved NUpE.
Cucumber Mosaic Virus-Induced Systemic Necrosis in Arabidopsis thaliana: Determinants and Role in Plant Defense

Effector-triggered immunity (ETI) is one of the most studied mechanisms of plant resistance to viruses. During ETI, viral proteins are recognized by specific plant R proteins, which most often trigger a hypersensitive response (HR) involving programmed cell death (PCD) and a restriction of infection in the initially infected sites. However, in some plant–virus interactions, ETI leads to a response in which PCD and virus multiplication are not restricted to the entry sites and spread throughout the plant, leading to systemic necrosis. The host and virus genetic determinants, and the consequences of this response in plant–virus coevolution, are still poorly understood. Here, we identified an allelic version of RCY1—an R protein—as the host genetic determinant of broad-spectrum systemic necrosis induced by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection in the Arabidopsis thaliana Co-1 ecotype. Systemic necrosis reduced virus fitness by shortening the infectious period and limiting virus multiplication; thus, this phenotype could be adaptive for the plant population as a defense against CMV. However, the low frequency (less than 1%) of this phenotype in A. thaliana wild populations argues against this hypothesis. These results expand current knowledge on the resistance mechanisms to virus infections associated with ETI in plants.
A clinical prediction of skin to subarachnoid space depth in parturients undergoing caesarean delivery in a Nigerian population

Abstract Few studies on the prediction of skin to subarachnoid space depth (SSD) in African parturients undergoing caesarean delivery are available. We undertook a prospective observational study of 402 parturients scheduled for elective caesarean delivery to determine simple and clinically applicable formulae for predicting skin to SSD. Additionally, the impact of patient characteristics and variables such as age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area on SSD was studied. We employed a Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression Model to predict SSD in normal weight, overweight, and obese parturients using previously described formulae and compared our derived SSDs to these previous formulae for concordance. (Craig, Abe, Stocker, Chong’s modified, Prakash, Ma, Hazarika, Taman and Celik). Mean SSD was 6.62 ± 1.07 cm in the overall population. SSD in normal weight patients was (6.19 ± 0.92 cm), overweight (6.44 ± 0.92 cm) and obese (6.97 ± 1.17 cm). There was a correlation between SSD and BMI (p = 0.001). Formulae for predicting SSD in the overall population, normal weight, overweight and obese parturients were 4.34 + weight × 0.03, 4.43 + weight × 0.03, 4.54 + weight × 0.03 and 3.56 + weight × 0.03, respectively. We also found the Prakash formula to correlate best with our observed SSD. We concluded that SSD correlated well with weight in the overall parturient population and that Prakash’s formula was the most accurate of the other previously described formulae in predicting SSD in this subset of African parturients. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Various formulae exist for predicting skin to subarachnoid space depth in adult patients and parturients. What the results of this study add? New formulae for predicting skin to subarachnoid space in a subset of African parturients are described and only one of the previously described formulae was found to reliably predict depth of the subarachnoid space in this cohort. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Formulae for the determination of skin to subarachnoid space depth using weight alone can be predictive for normal, overweight and obese parturients. Knowledge of the predicted depth can help guide appropriate needle selection and minimise wastage, especially in resource poor countries.
Insights into the interaction between the kusaginin and bovine serum albumin: Multi‐spectroscopic techniques and computational approaches

Kusaginin, as a phenylethanoid glycoside, which has exhibited wide antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The molecular mechanism underlying the broad biological activities of kusaginin has not yet been well documented. In this paper, the interaction of kusaginin with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been explored by fluorescence spectra, UV‐vis absorption spectra, and circular dichroism (CD) spectra along with computational approaches. The fluorescence experiments showed that kusaginin could strongly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA through both dynamic and static quenching mechanisms. The thermodynamic analysis suggested that hydrophobic force was the main force in stabilizing the BSA‐kusaginin complex. In addition, conformation changes of BSA were observed from three‐dimensional and synchronous fluorescence spectra, UV spectra, and CD spectra under experimental conditions. All these experimental results have been complemented and validated by the molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies, which revealed that kusaginin was bound on the hydrophobic cavity in subdomain IIA of BSA and formed a stable BSA‐kusaginin complex. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculation further implied that hydrogen bonds also support stabilizing the BSA‐kusaginin complex. This research may aid in understanding the pharmacological characteristics of kusaginin and provide a vital reference modeling for the design of analogues drugs.
A pattern recognition receptor C‐type lectin TcCTL14 contributes to immune response and development in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

Evidence is accumulating that pattern recognition receptor (PRR) C‐type lectins (CTL) play essential roles in recognition of pathogens. TcCTL14 (accession no. TC00871) contains the most domains among all CTL of Tribolium castaneum. Yet the biological function of TcCTL14 remains unclear. In this study, TcCTL14 exhibiting typical motif and domain of CTL was cloned from T. castaneum. The expression pattern analysis showed that TcCTL14 was highly expressed in late pupae and central nervous system, and was upregulated after treatment with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Analysis of binding affinity revealed that recombinant TcCTL14 not only could bind to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan in a dose‐dependent fashion, but possibly could bind to and agglutinate different bacteria in a Ca2+‐dependent fashion. Knockdown of TcCTL14 before injection with bacteria led to the downregulation of nuclear factor‐κB transcription factors of Toll/IMD and 4 antimicrobial peptides. Knockdown of TcCTL14 also caused suppressed metamorphosis, reduced fecundity, and delayed embryogenesis of T. castaneum. Further observation discovered that knockdown of TcCTL14 inhibited the development of ovaries and embryos. The detection of signaling pathways revealed that TcCTL14 may be involved in metamorphosis and fecundity by impacting 20‐hydroxyecdysone and vitellogenin, respectively. Overall, these results indicate that TcCTL14 may contribute to immune response by agglutination or regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides by the Toll/IMD pathway, and is required for T. castaneum development including metamorphosis, fecundity, and embryogenesis. These findings will improve the functional cognition of PRR CTL in insects and provide the new strategy for pest control.
Relationship of tonal masking to speech intelligibility in noise for listeners with sensorineural hearing damage

The present investigation sought to establish empirical evidence for the audiological observation that listeners with normal pure‐tone thresholds below 2000 Hz and selective high‐frequency sensorineural hearing loss often experience great difficulty perceiving speech in a noise background. For patients with either noise trauma or presbyacusis, masked‐speech intelligibility thresholds (S/N) were about 10 dB higher than for normal observers. In an effort to provide a psycho‐acoustical explanation for the speech communication deficit, pure‐tone masking patterns were measured. Relative to the normal control group, listeners with high‐frequency hearing loss showed as much as 30 dB more upward spread of masking, often in frequency regions of normal pure‐tone threshold. The strong positive relationship between the masked‐speech intelligibility threshold and the upward spread of masking suggests that it may be possible to predict the patient's speech perception handicap in noise from audiometric measurements of m.
Benchmark of Electricity Consumption Forecasting Methodologies Applied to Industrial Kitchens

Even though Industrial Kitchens (IKs) are among the highest energy intensity spaces, very little work has been done to forecast their consumption. This work explores the possibility of increasing the accuracy of the consumption forecast in an IK by forecasting disaggregated appliance consumption and comparing these results with the forecast of the total consumption of these appliances (Virtual Aggregate—VA). To do so, three different methods are used: the statistical method (Prophet), classic Machine Learning (ML) method such as random forest (RF), and deep learning (DL) method, namely long short-term memory (LSTM). This work uses individual appliance electricity consumption data collected from a Portuguese restaurant over a period of four consecutive weeks. The obtained results suggest that Prophet and RF are the more viable options. The former achieved the best performance in aggregated data, whereas the latter showed better forecasting results for most of the individual loads. Regarding the performance of the VA against the sum of individual appliance forecasts, all models perform better in the former. However, the very small difference across the results shows that this is a viable alternative to forecast aggregated consumption when only individual appliance consumption data are available.
Information Security Behavior in Health Information Systems: A Review of Research Trends and Antecedent Factors

This study aims to review the literature on antecedent factors of information security related to the protection of health information systems (HISs) in the healthcare organization. We classify those factors into organizational and individual aspects. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Academic articles were sourced from five online databases (Scopus, PubMed, IEEE, ScienceDirect, and SAGE) using keywords related to information security, behavior, and healthcare facilities. The search yielded 35 studies, in which the three most frequent individual factors were self-efficacy, perceived severity, and attitudes, while the three most frequent organizational factors were management support, cues to action, and organizational culture. Individual factors for patients and medical students are still understudied, as are the organizational factors of academic healthcare facilities. More individual factors have been found to significantly influence security behavior. Previous studies have been dominated by the security compliance behavior of clinical and non-clinical hospital staff. These research gaps highlight the theoretical implications of this study. This study provides insight for managers of healthcare facilities and governments to consider individual factors in establishing information security policies and programs for improving security behavior.
Noise fluxes produced by the cavity Langevin force in above-threshold single-mode class-B lasers

It has been customary to ignore the key role of the cavity Langevin force on the laser noise fluxes. Here, the noise fluxes of the laser pump and spontaneous and stimulated emission (laser) radiation are calculated for class-B lasers by considering the cavity Langevin force alone. They have a symmetrical double-peak profile around the cavity resonance frequency, which is in complete agreement with the experimental results of the heterodyne gain profile of class-B laser amplifiers. This agreement indicates the lasers undertake the same mechanism in amplifying an input signal as superimposing noise fluxes on their variables. Meanwhile, the noise flux profiles of the cavity Langevin force are consistent with those produced by two other Langevin forces, associated with atomic population inversion and the atomic dipole moment. Finally, the noise fluxes generated by the cavity Langevin force are confirmed by demonstrating the flux conservation law.
Outcomes from a brief group behavior therapy approach for social anxiety disorder in adolescence: An exploratory clinical trial

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) usually develops in adolescence and is maintained by avoidance and safety seeking behaviors, which are the focus of behavioral therapy (BT). This work explored the outcomes of a brief group BT for SAD in adolescence, combining exposure with skills training. Fourteen adolescents (aged 14-18 years old) diagnosed with SAD received the intervention. BT was compared to a waiting list condition (n = 10) from pre- to post-intervention; how change in avoidance and safety behaviors predicted post-intervention social anxiety was also tested. Significant improvement was limited to anxiety and avoidance when interacting in new social situations, which may be due to skills training having been focused on general interaction. Only change in avoidance predicted post-intervention social anxiety. Though exploratory, current findings suggest BT to be a relevant approach to SAD. As such, it may inform future more robust studies on interventions tailored to specific core social fears.
Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301 Exerts Anti-Obesity Effects in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice Model by Regulating Lipid Metabolism.

SCOPE Chronic hypernutrition promotes lipid accumulation in the body and excessive lipid accumulation leads to obesity. An increase in the number and size of adipocytes, a characteristic of obesity is closely associated with adipose dysfunction. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that probiotics may prevent this dysfunction by regulating lipid metabolism. However, the mechanisms of action of probiotics in obesity are not fully understood and their usage for treating obesity remains limited. METHODS AND RESULTS Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301 is selected for its anti-obesity potential after evaluating inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase and cholesterol reducing activity. Next, this study investigates the roles of B. lactis IDCC 4301 on lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. B. lactis IDCC 4301 inhibits cell differentiation and lipid accumulation by suppressing the expression of adipogenic enzymes in 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, the administration of B. lactis IDCC 4301 decreases body and adipose tissue weight, improves serum lipid levels, and downregulates adipogenic mRNA expression in HFD-fed mice. Additionally, metabolomic analysis suggests that 2-ketobutyrate should be a possible target compound against obesity. CONCLUSIONS B. lactis IDCC 4301 may be used as an alternative treatment for obesity.
Photoionization-regulated Star Formation and the Structure of Molecular Clouds

A model for the rate of low-mass star formation in Galactic molecular clouds and for the influence of this star formation on the structure and evolution of the clouds is presented. The rate of energy injection by newly formed stars is estimated, and the effect of this energy injection on the size of the cloud is determined. It is shown that the observed rate of star formation appears adequate to support the observed clouds against gravitational collapse. The rate of photoionization-regulated star formation is estimated and it is shown to be in agreement with estimates of the observed rate of star formation if the observed molecular cloud parameters are used. The mean cloud extinction and the Galactic star formation rate per unit mass of molecular gas are predicted theoretically from the condition that photionization-regulated star formation be in equilibrium. A simple model for the evolution of isolated molecular clouds is developed. 128 refs.