Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Garlic Accessions for Growth, Yield, Quality and Resistance to Stemphylium Blight Disease in Northern India

Garlic (Allium sativum L) is used in various forms worldwide. Twenty promising garlic genotypes were evaluated during rabi (October – April) season in 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09 and 2009–10 at National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation, Regional Research Station, Karnal, Haryana, India under All India Networking Research Project on Onion and Garlic (AINRPOG). The results indicated that the germplasm differ significantly as to the different morphological attributes, yield, disease resistance and other desirable traits. The height of plants varied from 85 to 95 cm in different genotypes whereas; there was a significant difference in number of leaves, neck thickness/plant, bulb diameter (cm), bulb sixe index (cm), no. of cloves/bulb and bulb diameter (cm). The total soluble sugar (TSS) and dry matter (%) were also varied significantly in each genotype. The entries showed variable degree of pungency. Per hectare yield (q/ha) of garlic genotypes varied from 133.7 - 150.1, being lowest in G-4 and highest in G-305. Considering the growth, yield, quality, disease resistance and other attributes characters as a positive trait of selection and yield potentiality also with other parameters, the lines G-189, G-176, G- 302, G- 304, G-369, G-366, G-222 and G- 378 were found promising compared to check varieties (G-1, G- 41, G-50, G-323 and G-282).
Spontaneous and Induced gpt and Spi− Mutant Frequencies in gpt delta Transgenic Rodents

Transgenic rodent mutation assays are useful models for investigating the genotoxicity of chemicals in vivo. Transgenic gpt delta mice contain multiple copies of chromosomally integrated lambda EG10 phage shuttle vector, which contains reporter genes that allow detection of mutations. This system can identify both point mutations by the gpt assay (6-thioguanine selection) and certain types of deletions using the Spi− assay. Transgenic gpt delta rats, which have the same lambda EG10 DNA copies as gpt delta mice, have also been developed. The average spontaneous gpt mutant frequency (MF) in both gpt delta mice and rats is approximately 4.5×10-6. In the Spi− assay, the average spontaneous Spi− MF is approximately 2.7×10-6 in gpt delta mice, similar to that of gpt delta rats. More than 20 chemicals and irradiations have been analyzed with these systems, and this review summarizes the MFs and treatment conditions. The data demonstrate that these transgenic rodent models are useful for detection and analysis of point mutations and deletions in vivo.
Distributed Variable Sample-Size Gradient-Response and Best-Response Schemes for Stochastic Nash Equilibrium Problems

This paper considers a stochastic Nash game in which each player minimizes an expectation valued composite objective. We make the following contributions. (I) Under suitable monotonicity assumptions on the concatenated gradient map, we derive optimal rate statements and oracle complexity bounds for the proposed variable sample-size proximal stochastic gradient-response (VS-PGR) scheme when the sample-size increases at a geometric rate. If the sample-size increases at a polynomial rate of degree $v > 0$, the mean-squared errordecays at a corresponding polynomial rate while the iteration and oracle complexities to obtain an $\epsilon$-NE are $\mathcal{O}(1/\epsilon^{1/v})$ and $\mathcal{O}(1/\epsilon^{1+1/v})$, respectively. (II) We then overlay (VS-PGR) with a consensus phase with a view towards developing distributed protocols for aggregative stochastic Nash games. In the resulting scheme, when the sample-size and the consensus steps grow at a geometric and linear rate, computing an $\epsilon$-NE requires similar iteration and oracle complexities to (VS-PGR) with a communication complexity of $\mathcal{O}(\ln^2(1/\epsilon))$; (III) Under a suitable contractive property associated with the proximal best-response (BR) map, we design a variable sample-size proximal BR (VS-PBR) scheme, where each player solves a sample-average BR problem. Akin to (I), we also give the rate statements, oracle and iteration complexity bounds. (IV) Akin to (II), the distributed variant achieves similar iteration and oracle complexities to the centralized (VS-PBR) with a communication complexity of $\mathcal{O}(\ln^2(1/\epsilon))$ when the communication rounds per iteration increase at a linear rate. Finally, we present some preliminary numerics to provide empirical support for the rate and complexity statements.
Mixed 2D/3D Convolutional Network for Hyperspectral Image Super-Resolution

Deep learning-based hyperspectral image super-resolution (SR) methods have achieved great success recently. However, there are two main problems in the previous works. One is to use the typical three-dimensional convolution analysis, resulting in more parameters of the network. The other is not to pay more attention to the mining of hyperspectral image spatial information, when the spectral information can be extracted. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a mixed convolutional network (MCNet) for hyperspectral image super-resolution. We design a novel mixed convolutional module (MCM) to extract the potential features by 2D/3D convolution instead of one convolution, which enables the network to more mine spatial features of hyperspectral image. To explore the effective features from 2D unit, we design the local feature fusion to adaptively analyze from all the hierarchical features in 2D units. In 3D unit, we employ spatial and spectral separable 3D convolution to extract spatial and spectral information, which reduces unaffordable memory usage and training time. Extensive evaluations and comparisons on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior performance in comparison to existing state-of-the-art methods.
Biomass and Productivity of Tropical Macroalgae on Three Nearshore Fringing Reefs in the Central Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Recently, concerns about human disturbance on coral reef communities have focused attention on macroalgae of nearshore fringing coral reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia (GBR). However, the scarcity of baseline information makes it difficult to establish whether nearshore reef communities in the central GBR are perturbed or in a 'natural' state. This study provides data on biomass and productivity of nearshore reef macroalgae to serve as background information for the detection of future community changes. Over a period of 15 months, we estimated: i) biomass of conspicuous macroalgae in transects at three nearshore fringing reefs and ii) in situ net growth rates and net production of Sargassum baccularia. In summer, biomass was significantly dominated by large Fucales, especially S. baccularia (up to 200 g ash free dry weight m~). Ephemeral algae (species of Padina, Hydroclathrus, Colpomenia, Chnoospora, Laurencia) were most abundant in austral spring (up to 40 g AFDW m~). Maximum growth rates of S. baccularia of 3-4% day" (entire thalli) occurred during the summer, preceding the reproductive period. Subsequent shedding of lateral branches resulted in negative growth rates during autumn/winter. In situ growth of excised shoots showed seasonal patterns comparable to entire thalli, except that growth rates were always positive. Biomass specific net production of excised shoots was significantly higher from spring to autumn than during winter. Areal productivity of S. baccularia had a significant maximum of 3 g C m~ day" in spring, a value comparable to the productivity of coral-reef epilithic algal communities or temperate kelp forests. The high standing biomass, high productivity and a presumably rapid turnover of biomass via detrital pathways suggest that fucoid macroalgae are important contributors to the stock of organic compounds on these nearshore reefs.
"Because of the baby": reduction on drug use during pregnancy

Abstract Objectives: evaluate changes in the use of psychoactive substances (PAS) throughout pregnancy. Methods: longitudinal study, with pregnant women users of PAS at a prenatal follow-up. Results: 76 pregnant women used: tobacco (84.2%, n=64), alcohol (73.7%, n=56), cocaine (27.6%, n=21), marijuana (26.3%, n=20) and crack (13.1%, n=10). Spontaneous interruption had occurred in 60% (n=6) of crack users, 57.1% (n=12) of cocaine and 50% (n=28) of alcohol. After the Brief Intervention, 78.9% (15 of the total of 19) of alcohol users and 70% (7 of the total of 10) of marijuana users discontinued the consumption and there was a reduction in smoking cigarettes. Conclusions: the spontaneous reduction in the consumption of PAS and after the interventions, pregnancy is a window of opportunity to reduce the use of drugs.
Asymmetrical Velocity Distribution in the Drag-Reducing Channel Flow of Surfactant Solution Caused by an Injected Ultrathin Water Layer

Although the turbulent intensity is suppressed in the drag-reducing channel flow by viscoelastic additives, the mean velocity distribution in the channel flow is symmetrical and tends to be similar to the laminar flow. In the study of near-wall modulation of the drag-reducing flow with an injected ultrathin water layer, an asymmetrical mean velocity distribution was found. To further investigate this phenomenon and the underlying cause, an experiment was carried out with the water injected from a porous channel wall at a small velocity (~10−4 m/s) into the drag-reducing flow of surfactant solution. The instantaneous concentration and flow fields were measured by using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) techniques, respectively. Moreover, analyses on turbulent statistical characteristics and spatial distribution of viscoelastic structures were carried out on the basis of comparison among various flow cases. The results showed that the injected ultrathin water layer under present experimental conditions affected the anisotropy of the drag-reducing flow. The characteristics, such as turbulence intensity, showed the zonal feature in the wall-normal direction. The Reynolds shear stress was enhanced in the near-wall region, and the viscoelastic structure was modified severely due to the redistributed stress. These results may provide experimental supports for the near-wall modulation of turbulence and the exploration of the drag-reducing mechanism by viscoelastic additives.
Categorization of Emotional Faces in Insomnia Disorder

It has been proved that emotionally positive facial expressions are categorized much faster than emotionally negative facial expressions, the positive classification advantage (PCA). In the present study, we investigated the PCA in primary insomnia patients. In comparison with controls, insomnia patients categorized emotional faces more slowly but there was no significant reduction in accuracy. In normal controls, happy faces were categorized faster than sad faces (i.e., PCA), which disappeared in the inverted condition. Insomnia patients did not show evident PCA except for the overall delayed response for the inverted compared to the upright condition. These data suggest the dysfunction of categorization of emotional faces in insomnia patients.
Zinc in Broiler Feeding and Nutrition

Zinc is an essential trace mineral for birds, functioning elaborately in enzyme systems and being involved in protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and many other biochemical reactions. Zinc is required for normal growth, reproduction, and glandular development of birds. A severe zinc deficiency causes numerous physical and pathological changes including skin lesions, decreased growth, general disability of bones and joints, very poor feathering, reproductive failure, and reduced immunity to infection of several diseases. In skin, it is five to six times more concentrated in the epidermis than the dermis. In addition, zinc is associated with wound healing because of its role in collagen and keratin syntheses. All proliferating cells, including inflammatory cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblast, require zinc. Furthermore, zinc is an essential element of more than 200 metalloenzymes and affects their conformity, stability, and activity. The superoxide dismutase, one of the zinc-containing antioxidant enzyme, has a critical role in keeping broiler skin healthy and increasing the shelf-life of broiler meat. However, a clear appreciation of the role of this element in broiler production is still limited. This article provides an overview on the role of zinc in broiler feeding and nutrition, immunity, reproduction, and meat quality in particular.
Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS): Translation and Validation in Urdu Language

Values in Action is a classification of 24 character strengths grouped under six virtue categories. This classification is claimed to be universal across cultures and religions (Peterson & Seligman, 2004) and its measure that is, Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) has been translated and validated in many languages. The present study aimed at its Urdu translation and validation on Pakistani adults taken from different educational institutes and workplaces. Study comprised two parts. Part I dealt with the translation and cross-language validation while in Part II, construct validation on a sample of 542 adults and convergent validity on a sample of 210 adult participants were determined. Findings revealed satisfactory alpha coefficients for Urdu version. Significant positive correlations with positive affect and life satisfaction and negative correlations with negative affect were indicators of its convergent validity. Age was negatively associated with five strengths whereas significant gender differences were found on seven strengths. Social desirability effects were nonsignificant. Strength-to-virtue level factor structure exploration resulted in a theoretically meaningful four factor structure. Factors were named as Interpersonal, Cognitive, Vitality, and Transcendence and were comparable to factor structures proposed in studies on VIA-IS from a few other cultures. The study offers a valid Urdu translation for use in future studies with adult Urdu speaking population.
Do New Technology Characteristics Influence Intention to Adopt for Manufacturing Companies in Malaysia?

Today, the world has acknowledged the importance of technology as a tool to enhance company’s performance. It is observed that industries globally have started to embrace new technology which is in line with fourth industrial revolution or better known as Industry 4.0 that occurs in the marketplace. In Malaysia however, the embracement of technology is observed to be quite slow compared to those neighboring countries such as Singapore and Thailand. This study thus investigates whether intention to adopt new technology of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) by selected manufacturing industries in Malaysia is influenced by characteristics of technology itself. For this study, four characteristics, namely, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity and trialability of technology are being investigated as possible influencers of company’s intention to adopt new technology. Based on statistical analyses on one hundred manufacturers that took part in the study’s survey, the findings show that compatibility of technology is the only factor that shows significant direct influence for new technology adoption intention while other three characteristics, namely, relative advantage, complexity and trialability show no significant relationship at all. The findings indicate that for manufacturing companies in Malaysia, their intention to adopt mainly depends on whether the new technology is compatible with the existing technology they have. This implies that the manufacturing industry in the country is a bit conservative in their decision making in relation to adoption of new technology.
Teores de carbono de cinco espécies florestais e seus compartimentos

Biomass and carbon quantification are important for assessing the potential of carbon sequestration for forest species. Part of biomass corresponds to the carbon that can be converted to CO 2 equivalent for use in CDM projects and other carbon offsets. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the carbon content of five tree species used in reforestation projects in five biomass compartments: roots, wood, bark, branches, and foliage. Through the analysis of variance of the species, it was possible to notice that the carbon content ranged from 39 to 49%, which indicates significant differences between the species and the carbon contents of the compartments. It was demonstrated that, in order to be treated, the contents of species and compartments need to be specified, when carrying out estimates for projects.
Effect of seed harvesting ants on the persistence of Wimmera ryegrass in pastures in north-eastern Victoria

In experiments at the Rutherglen Research Station in north-eastern Victoria, seed harvesting ants collected seeds of Wimmera ryegrass in preference to seeds of other pasture species. After spraying pasture with dieldrin to limit the activity of ants, it appeared that ants were responsible for the loss of appreciable amounts of ryegrass seed, and a consequent reduction in its natural regeneration. (The use of dieldrin on pastures is not recommended because of its subsequent accumulation in animal products.) It is suggested that ants may be responsible in part for the failure of Wimmera ryegrass to persist in pastures.
Truffle cultivation in Sweden: Results from Quercus robur and Corylus avellana field trials on the island of Gotland

Abstract The edible, ectomycorrhizal Burgundy truffle, Tuber aestivum Vitt. , grows naturally on the islands of Gotland and Öland, Sweden. In 1999, 240 inoculated Quercus robur and Corylus avellana seedlings inoculated with French T. aestivum were planted in 10 experimental truffle orchards (truffières) on Gotland to investigate the possibility of truffle cultivation in Sweden. Truffle orchard management, mycorrhizal development and seedling growth were studied. Fourteen additional truffle orchards containing more than 2000 Q. robur were established during 2000 and 2001. In 2004, T. aestivum mycorrhizae were detected in all truffle orchards. In 2005, the first T. aestivum truffle was found, 6 years after planting. This is the first cultivated truffle in Scandinavia and despite the northerly location they were produced within a timescale comparable with France. Tuber aestivum mycorrhizae survived in soils which differed from naturally producing locations by having a sand content > 95%, pH ≤6.4 and calcium content ≤0.1%. In a second series of experiments Swedish Q. robur, C. avellana and Carpinus betulus seedlings were inoculated with Swedish T. aestivum. Eleven months after inoculation T. aestivum mycorrhizae were found in 0–78% of the seedlings, depending on species, inoculation treatment and substrate. Because of the continuing decline of oaks in Sweden and associated fauna and flora, truffle cultivation may favour oak forest restoration programmes as well as making a direct contribution to rural economies.
A Quantitative Approach to Movement, Displacement, and Mobility of Protozoa

ABSTRACT Diffusion theory can completely describe the movement of a ciliate along a track of a certain length (L), travelled in a time (t), and with the extremes lying at a distance D. Three important descriptors of this behavior are: (1) the kinetic index (Ik= L/t), namely the average velocity in μm/s, which expresses the state of the “accelerator” of the ciliate; (2) the geometric index (Ig= D/L) measuring the straightness of the track by a dimensionless number. 0 ≤ Ig≤ 1, which expresses the state of the “steering wheel” and represents a sort of “directional efficiency”; and (3) the displacement rate (Rd= D/t), integrating the first two indices and expressing the combined effect of the “accelerator” and the “steering wheel” of the organism with a unique measure (in μm/s), which defines the average displacement rate or the effectiveness of the track in displacing the organism in space. A weighted estimate of general mobility is given by the mobility rate [Rmo= (R̄d.f)creeping‐ (R̄d.f)swimming], obtained by multiplying the average Rd of the creeping organisms and the average Rd of the swimming organisms by their relative frequencies of occurrence (f), and adding the two products. Values for experimental populations of Oxytricha bifaria (Ciliata, Hypotrichida) maintained at 24, 19, 14, and 9° C demonstrated both the appropriateness and the usefulness of these indices and rates to describe the tracks a posteriori, and to provide measures to reason about their possible adaptive significance.
Effects of In Situ Co or Ni Doping on the Photoelectrochemical Performance of Hematite Nanorod Arrays

Co-doped and Ni-doped hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanorod arrays were prepared on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass via aqueous chemical growth, in which the doping and the formation of nanorods occurred simultaneously (i.e., in situ doping). These samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectrophotometry, linear sweep voltammetry and Mott–Schottky (M–S) measurement. Results showed that the introduction of 5% Co or Ni into α-Fe2O3 (the molar ratio of dopant to Fe is 1:20) did not change its crystal phase, morphology, energy gap and flat band potential. Both the undoped and the doped α-Fe2O3 showed a direct band gap of 2.24 eV, an indirect band gap of 1.85 eV, and a flat band potential of −0.22 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE). At an applied potential of 0.2 V vs. SCE, the Co-doped and the Ni-doped α-Fe2O3 exhibited a photocurrent of 1.28 mA/cm2 and 0.79 mA/cm2, respectively, which were 2.1 times and 1.3 times that of the undoped α-Fe2O3. After the Co or Ni doping, the charge carrier concentration increased from 1.65 × 1025 m−3 to 3.74 × 1025 m−3 and 2.50 × 1025 m−3, respectively. Therefore, the increase in the photocurrent of the doped α-Fe2O3 was likely attributed to their enhanced conductivity.
Music-based discharge, healthy music use, and unhealthy music use explain adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies in adults hospitalized with cancer: A cross-sectional investigation

Background: Although people self-administer music for affect enhancement and self-regulation, there is a dearth of empirical inquiry investigating whether music-based regulatory factors and healthy and unhealthy music use explain coping strategies in adults hospitalized with cancer. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether music-based affect regulation and healthy and unhealthy music use explain coping strategies in adults hospitalized with cancer. Method: Participants (N = 139) were adults hospitalized on oncology units at a large teaching hospital. Participants completed the Brief Music in Mood Regulation scale, the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale, and the Brief COPE. Correlational and ensuing multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine whether music-based affect regulation factors and healthy and unhealthy music use explained coping strategies. Results: Regression results indicated that discharge explained humor and religion. Unhealthy music use explained self-distraction, denial, behavioral disengagement, venting, and self-blame. Healthy music use explained active coping, instrumental support, positive reframing, planning, and acceptance. Conclusions: Music use can explain both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies for adults with cancer. Education may enable people with cancer to make effective self-administered music listening choices that augment mood, quality of life, and recovery. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are provided.