Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of benign from malignant follicular-cell-derived thyroid lesions: an immunohistochemical study

Background Histopathological criteria in some cases do not allow the differentiation between benign and malignant follicular-cell-derived thyroid tumors/lesions, making the distinction between these two groups quite subtle and challenging. Consequently, immunohistochemistry may provide additional support in the evaluation and diagnosis of these thyroid tumors/lesions. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of insulin-like growth factor mRNA binding protein-3 (IMP-3), galectin-3, cytokeratin-19 (CK-19), and fragile histidine triad (FHIT), used alone and in different combinations, in differentiating benign from malignant follicular-cell-derived thyroid lesions. Materials and methods The study was carried out on 60 selected archival cases (20 benign and 40 malignant thyroid lesions). Paraffin sections of 4–5 &mgr;m thickness were stained with H&E to confirm their histological diagnosis and with IMP-3, galectin-3, CK-19, and FHIT for immunohistochemical evaluation. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio were calculated for each of the markers and for different combinations of these markers in the benign versus malignant. Results Comparison between immunohistochemical expressions of IMP-3, galectin-3, CK-19, and FHIT in different thyroid lesions revealed a significant difference between benign thyroid lesions and malignant lesions with the exception of FHIT, which did not reach statistical significance for distinction between different thyroid lesions. Therefore, this marker was excluded from the combination of immunohistochemical markers. Immunohistochemical expression of combined markers (galectin-3 and CK-19; galectin-3 and IMP-3; and CK-19 and IMP-3) showed highest statistical difference between malignant and benign thyroid lesions, but did not markedly increase the sensitivity or specificity over using a single marker (galectin-3 for differentiating benign from malignant lesions). Conclusion Combined use of markers such as galectin-3 and CK-19 and IMP-3 did not markedly increase the sensitivity or specificity over using a single marker. Each studied marker has sensitivity and specificity for certain thyroid lesion. Immunohistochemical stains of galectin-3, CK-19, and IMP-3, especially when used in combination, can be a useful adjunct in the histopathological diagnoses of thyroid lesions.
HABERTOR: An Efficient and Effective Deep Hatespeech Detector

We present our HABERTOR model for detecting hatespeech in large scale user-generated content. Inspired by the recent success of the BERT model, we propose several modifications to BERT to enhance the performance on the downstream hatespeech classification task. HABERTOR inherits BERT's architecture, but is different in four aspects: (i) it generates its own vocabularies and is pre-trained from the scratch using the largest scale hatespeech dataset; (ii) it consists of Quaternion-based factorized components, resulting in a much smaller number of parameters, faster training and inferencing, as well as less memory usage; (iii) it uses our proposed multi-source ensemble heads with a pooling layer for separate input sources, to further enhance its effectiveness; and (iv) it uses a regularized adversarial training with our proposed fine-grained and adaptive noise magnitude to enhance its robustness. Through experiments on the large-scale real-world hatespeech dataset with 1.4M annotated comments, we show that HABERTOR works better than 15 state-of-the-art hatespeech detection methods, including fine-tuning Language Models. In particular, comparing with BERT, our HABERTOR is 4~5 times faster in the training/inferencing phase, uses less than 1/3 of the memory, and has better performance, even though we pre-train it by using less than 1% of the number of words. Our generalizability analysis shows that HABERTOR transfers well to other unseen hatespeech datasets and is a more efficient and effective alternative to BERT for the hatespeech classification.
Puyehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Diptera: Opetiidae): Remnant of a Cretaceous Biota in Chile

ABSTRACT The first Opetiidae known from the Southern Hemisphere is described—Puyehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov., sp. nov.—based on a female specimen collected in Valdivian forest in the Province of Osorno, south Chile. The Palearctic species Opetia nigra Meigen was also studied, allowing detailed comparisons. Features of the antenna, mouthparts, wing, and terminalia allowed the issue of the position of the family within the Eremoneura to be revisited. The inclusion of Opetiidae in the Platypezoidea is corroborated, possibly in a clade also including Lonchopteridae and Phoridae. The 3-articled condition of the styluslike arista in Puyehuemyia corroborates the hypothesis that the 2-articled condition in Opetia is independently derived, as it is in the Empidoidea and many schizophorans. Puyehuemyia chandleri has female terminalia typical of parasitoid groups, as does Opetia, although their life history is not known. Described Platypezoidea Cretaceous amber fossils are reviewed, and Lonchopterites is considered to be sister to the crown group of Opetiidae. The presence of an Early Cretaceous biogeographical layer in the Valdivian forest, associated with plant and animals disjunct from New Zealand, and similar to the beech forests in the Northern Hemisphere, is discussed.
Extraction and evaluation of gibberellic acid from Pseudomonas sp.: Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

In current investigation thirty isolates of Fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. were isolated from apple and pear rhizosphere and characterization of 30 native fluorescent Pseudomonas strains was done phenotypically (Gram’s staining, oxidase, catalase test, gelatin liquification, denitrification test, gelatin liquification, MR/VP, citrate utilization, indole production) and genotypically (16S rRNA). They were investigated for gibberellins production. The range of the production of gibberellins was found 116.1 -485. 8μg/ml. Two isolates viz., An-1-kul and An-13-kul were selected on the basis of higher production of gibberellins. The gibberellins produced by best isolates (An-1-kul and An-13-kul) were extracted and partially purified and characterized by TLC (thin layer chromatography) and estimated via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in liquid culture. Extracted gibberellins gave gray coloured spot with Rf value 0.78 and 0.79 of gibberellins for An-1-kul and An-13-kul respectively. Gibberellins extracted from Pseudomonas sp. were further evaluated for alpha-amylase activity. The range of gibberellins production from fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates An-1-kul and An-13-kul was 485. 8μg/ml and 419. 2μg/ml culture with a retention time of 2.35 and 2.32 respectively.
Nutrient Composition of Pre-treated Foxtail Millet Rice

In recent years, millets have been recognized as important substitutes for major cereal crops to cope up with the world foods storage and to meet the demands of increasing population of both developing and developed countries (Shree et al., 2008). Millets are very high in their nutrition content. Millets are rich in B vitamins, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, also gluten-free and has low-GI (Glycemic index). Minor millets are the storehouse of many chemical components including nutrients, phyto-chemicals and nonnutritive functional constituents. The nutritive value of millets is comparable to other cereals with slightly higher content of protein and minerals (Gopalan et al., 2007). The average protein content in foxtail millet was reported to be about 11.07 per cent (Veena et al., 2005). Kumar and Parameshwaran (2006) found that foxtail millet recorded a fat content International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 02 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Production Potential, Economics and Nutrient Uptake of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Under Different Organic Nutrient Management Practices in Rainfed Region of Rajasthan

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season 2010 to 2012 at Dryland Farming Research Station, Bhilwara (Rajasthan) to evaluate the effect of organic nutrient management practices on production, economics and nutrient uptake of sesame (Sesamum indicum). Application of enriched compost @ 4 t/ha along with biodynamic manure (BD) 500 @ 62.5 g/ha in 40 L water and BD 501 @ 2.5 g/ha in 40 L water with PSB and Azotobacter produced higher growth and yield attributes, yield (788 kg/ha) and economics (3.84) of sesame. On average, significant increase in seed yield due application of enriched compost @ 4 t/ha + BD 500 + BD 501 + Azotobacter + PSB was 18.5, 28.8 and 14.2% over the application of FYM @ 8 t/ha + Azotobacter + PSB, vermicompost @ 4 t/ha + Azotobacter + PSB and enriched compost @ 2 t/ha + Azotobacter + PSB, respectively. Biodynamic manure 500 and 501 in combination with enriched compost @ 4 t/ha gave an additional yield of 98 to 259 kg/ha as compared to sole application of enriched compost, FYM or vermicompost to sesame. Application of enriched compost @ 4 t/ha + BD 500 + BD 501 + Azotobacter + PSB also resulted in maximum net return (52704/ha), B: C ratio (3.84) and also had significant effect on uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash by sesame.
Socioeconomic status associated with carpal tunnel syndrome: A retrospective nationwide 11-year population-based cohort study in South Korea

Importance There have only been a few large-scale studies that have included a risk factor analysis for CTS. No prior study has investigated the relationship between the occurrence of CTS and stratified socioeconomic status, which is closely related to a person’s type of job. Objective To confirm the known risk factors for CTS and also to determine the correlation between stratified socioeconomic status and the occurrence of CTS. Design We conducted this study using a retrospective cohort model based on the combined databases of the Korean National Health Insurance System from 2003–2013, a database compiled using information from a national periodic health-screening program that is used for reimbursement claims. Setting The setting was a population-based retrospective cohort study. Participants First, we randomly sampled 514,795 patients who represented 10% of the 5,147,950 people who took part in periodic health screenings from 2002–2003. Existing CTS patients were excluded from this group. Therefore, this study finally included 512,942 participants and followed their medical records from 2003–2013. Main Outcomes and Measures Desired outcomes were the incidence rate of CTS and the hazard ratios according to stratified socioeconomic status. Results A correlation analysis showed that CTS was more likely to occur in patients from a lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions and Relevance CTS was associated with people of a lower socioeconomic status who work in simple but repetitive manual labor jobs. We believe that the results of our study will be helpful to determine the pathophysiology of CTS and to set up a new industrial health policy for this condition. Key Points Question What is the relationship between stratified socioeconomic status and the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)? Findings In this retrospective population-based cohort study that included 512,942 participants sampled from the Korean National Health Insurance System(KNHIS) database, the incidence rate and hazard ratios for CTS tended to increase with lower socioeconomic status. Implications Low socioeconomic status was identified as a risk factor for the incidence of CTS.
Offshoring and Inflation

Did trade integration suppress inflation in the United States? We say no, in contradiction to the conventional wisdom. Our answer leverages two basic facts about the rise of trade: offshoring accounts for a large share of it, and it was a long-lasting, phased-in shock. Incorporating these features into a New Keynesian model, we show trade integration was inflationary. This result continues to hold when we extend the model to account for US trade deficits, the pro-competitive effects of trade on domestic markups, and cross-sector heterogeneity in trade integration in a multisector model. Further, using the multisector model, we demonstrate that neither cross-sector evidence on trade and prices, nor aggregate time series price level decompositions are informative about the impact of trade on inflation.
MONOCOT POLLEN FLORA OF PASCHIM MEDINIPUR DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL WITH A NOTE ON POLLEN DISPERSAL MECHANISM

During the present investigation pollen morphological studies of 66 species belonging to 19 families of monocots in Paschim Medinipur district have been worked out by light microscopy. The studied families are Agavaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Arecaceae, Asphodelaceae, Cannaceae, Colchicaceae, Commelinaceae, Costaceae, Cyperaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Iridaceae, Liliaceae, Limnocharitaceae, Musaceae, Poaceae, Pontederiaceae, Typhaceae and Zingiberaceae. The apertural patterns are mostly belong to two different categories viz. monosulcate form (Agavaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Arecaceae, Asphodelaceae, Colchicaceae, Commelinaceae, Costaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Iridaceae, Liliaceae, Limnocharitaceae, Musaceae, Poaceae, Pontederiaceae) and anaporate type (Cyperaceae, Poaceae and Typhaceae). The shape of the pollen grains with monosulcate apertures are mostly oblate to peroblate type whereas taxa showing anaporate apertures are more or less spheroidal. Regarding the mode of pollen dispersal plant taxa with monosulcate apertures and apiculate surface ornamentations (e.g., reticulate, rugulate, spinulate, verrucate) are entomophilous (mainly melittophilous) whilest anaporate with smooth or minutely apiculate surface features are anemophilous. Here, entomophilous taxa provide rewards as pollen grains and nectar to the honeybee speecies, therefore, contribute as resource mobilizer for sustainance of honeybee colonies.
Effects of landscape setting on oyster reef structure and function largely persist more than a decade post‐restoration

Long‐term monitoring is vital to understanding the efficacy of restoration approaches and how restoration may enhance ecosystem functions. We revisited restored oyster reefs 13 years post‐restoration and quantified the resident and transient fauna that utilize restored reefs in three differing landscape contexts: on mudflats isolated from vegetated habitat, along the edge of salt marsh, and in between seagrass and salt marsh habitat. Differences observed 1–2 years post‐restoration in reef development and associated fauna within reefs restored on mudflats versus adjacent to seagrass/salt marsh and salt marsh‐only habitats persisted more than 10 years post‐restoration. Reefs constructed on open mudflat habitats had the highest densities of oysters and resident invertebrates compared to those in other landscape contexts, although all restored reefs continued to enhance local densities of invertebrate taxa (e.g. bivalves, gastropods, decapods, polychaetes, etc.). Catch rates of juvenile fishes were enhanced on restored reefs relative to controls, but to a lesser extent than directly post‐restoration, potentially because the reefs have grown vertically within the intertidal and out of the preferred inundation regime of small juvenile fishes. Reef presence and landscape setting did not augment the catch rates of piscivorous fishes in passive gill nets, similar to initial findings; however, hook‐and‐line catch rates were greater on restored reefs than non‐reef controls. We conclude that ecosystem functions and associated services provided by restored habitats can vary both spatially and temporally; therefore, a better understanding of how service delivery varies among landscape setting and over time should enhance efforts to model these processes and restoration decision‐making.
Effect of soil exchangeable potassium content on cesium absorption and partitioning in buckwheat grown in a radioactive cesium-contaminated field

Abstract The effect of soil exchangeable (plant-available) potassium (ExK) content on cesium (Cs) absorption and translocation in buckwheat was evaluated in a field contaminated with radioactive Cs (134Cs and 137Cs, RCs) in 2013. The RCs concentration in buckwheat was significantly positively correlated with the naturally occurring stable Cs (133Cs, SCs) concentration, and was lower at higher soil ExK content. The RCs and SCs were actively absorbed by buckwheat until the flowering stage. The soil ExK content was significantly negatively correlated with soil exchangeable RCs and SCs (ExRCs and ExSCs) concentrations. Greater RCs and SCs absorption by buckwheat in soils with low ExK contents was mainly due to higher soil ExRCs and ExSCs concentrations. Reproductive organs showed the largest differences in SCs concentration between low-ExK and high-ExK plots. The root–shoot and shoot–reproductive organs translocations of SCs markedly decreased with increasing soil ExK content. In the root–shoot and shoot–reproductive organs translocations, the discrimination of SCs and K decreased with decreasing soil ExK content. Our main findings were as follows: (1) because RCs are mainly taken up at the earlier growth stage, potassium should be applied as a basal fertilizer to decrease the RCs concentration in buckwheat; (2) lower soil ExK content led to higher soil ExRCs concentrations, resulting in greater RCs absorption by buckwheat; (3) the high Cs absorption and translocation and weaker discrimination between Cs and K in low ExK content soil may be due to the expression of K transporter(s) with weak discrimination between Cs and K.
Identification of protein-RNA and protein-protein interactions by the neuronal HuC protein of Mus musculus.

ii Abbreviations: . iv Chapter 1 – Introduction: . 1 1.1 Post-Transcriptional Gene Regulation: . 2 1.2 – The Hu Family of RNA-Binding Proteins: . 3 1.2.1 – Identification and Expression: . 3 1.2. 2 – Conserved Domain Structure: . 5 1.2. 3 HuA and Post-Transcriptional Gene Regulation: . 10 1.2. 4 – Neuronal Hu – Role in Neuronal Differentiation: . 10 1.2. 5 – Identifying Putative Neuronal Hu Targets – The CLIP Method: . 14 1.2. 6 – Protein-Protein Interactions in Post-Transcriptional Gene Regulation: 17 1.3 – Aims & Approaches: . 20 1.3. 1 – Understanding the Role of the Hu Proteins in Neuronal Differentiation:. 20 1.3. 2 – Identification of Neuronal Hu RNA Targets: . 20 1.2. 3 – Identification of Neuronal Hu Protein Interactors: . 21 Chapter 2 – Materials & Methods: . 24 2.1 – Materials: . 25 2.1.1 – Bacterial Strains: . 25 2.1.2 – Yeast Strains: . 25
Patterns and correlates of within-season breeding dispersal: A common strategy in a declining grassland songbird

ABSTRACT Dispersal is a ubiquitous behavior with important consequences for gene flow, demography, and conservation. Some birds engage in between-year breeding dispersal, but the factors shaping variation in this behavior are not well understood. In mid-continental grasslands, preliminary evidence suggested that Grasshopper Sparrows (Ammodramus savannarum) dispersed not only between seasons, but also within breeding seasons—an apparently uncommon avian behavior. We studied a population of Grasshopper Sparrows breeding in northeastern Kansas, USA, to document the spatial and temporal patterns of within-season breeding dispersal in an experimentally managed tallgrass prairie from 2013 to 2015. We combined color-band resighting, territory mapping, and radio telemetry to quantify changes in territory density, turnover of territorial males, and dispersal distances. Density of Grasshopper Sparrows varied seasonally in management-specific ways, simultaneously increasing and decreasing in watersheds that differed in management regime. Turnover was unexpectedly high, with over half of territorial males being replaced each month. We documented over a third of males dispersing up to ∼9 km between breeding attempts. Our study provides the first comprehensive description of the patterns of within-season breeding dispersal in a grassland songbird. Our results reveal the remarkable prevalence of within-season movement in this system and the relatively large distances over which birds disperse. Such mobility has important implications for survey design and habitat management, as birds select habitat at much larger spatial scales than is generally appreciated. These results also provide foundational information for tests of alternative hypotheses explaining the ecological and evolutionary basis for such movements.
Computer-assisted Biology Learning Materials: Designing and Developing an Interactive CD on Spermatogenesis

The purpose of this article is to design and develop an interactive CD on spermatogenesis. This is a research and development. Procedure of development is making an outline of media program, making flowchart, making story board, gathering of materials, programming and finishing. The quantitative data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Qualitative data obtained were analyzed with Miles and Huberman techniques. The instrument used is a validation sheet. The result of CD design with a Macro flash MX program shows there are 17 slides generated. This prototype obtained a valid value after a self-review technique with many revisions, especially on sound and programming. This finding suggests that process-oriented spermatogenesis can be audio-visualized into a more comprehensive form of learning media. But this interactive CD product needs further testing to determine consistency and resistance to revisions.
Changes in sorghum production, soil P forms and P use efficiency following long-term application of manure, compost and straw in a Ferric Lixisol

ABSTRACT Low phosphorus availability in cultivated soils limits sustainable crop production in sub‐Saharan Africa. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of long‐term application of different types of organic amendments on soil P forms, P use efficiency and sorghum yields. A long term experiment established in 1980 at Saria in Burkina Faso, comparing the effects of manure, compost and sorghum straw was used. Manure and compost significantly increased organic P and resin‐P by about 35% and 64%, respectively after 10 and 32 years of sorghum cultivation, and HCl‐P after 32 years of cultivation compared to the control. Manure significantly increased NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Pi by 63% and 26%, respectively compared to the control. Sorghum straw had little effect on measured soil P forms. Manure and compost were the best in increasing sorghum grain yield, which effect were strongly correlated to soil pH, carbon and nitrogen. The partial factors productivities of P resulting from the application of studied organic amendments were similar and low, but significantly higher than that of the control treatment. Organic amendments with high P content, maintaining soil carbon and pH could be used to improve soil P availability, sorghum yield and reduce the demand for mineral phosphorus fertilizers.