Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Transformer-Based Regression Scheme for Forecasting Significant Wave Heights in Oceans

In this article, we present a novel approach for forecasting significant wave heights in oceanic waters. We propose an algorithm based on the WaveWatch III, differencing, and a transformer neural network (Transformer). The data becomes stationary after first-order differencing, performed with the observed significant wave height and the wave height forecasts obtained from WaveWatch III. We perform a case study on a group of 92 buoys using WaveWatch III hindcasts. The Transformer model then provides the statistical forecasts of the residuals. The Transformer-based proposed framework obtains the root mean square error of 0.231 m for two days ahead forecasting. Our proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art machine learning and numerical approaches for significant wave heights prediction. Our results suggest that combining numerical and machine learning approaches gives better performance than using either alone.
Classification of Stratosphere Winter Evolutions Into Four Different Scenarios in the Northern Hemisphere

Among the 70 northern hemisphere winters from 1950 to 2020, 61 have been classified into four independent scenarios with a new technique based on analyzing empirical orthogonal functions of stratospheric zonal wind fluctuation patterns at the edge of the polar vortex. These four scenarios represent a typical zonal wind evolution in the stratosphere modulated by timings of stratospheric warmings occurring in winter. First, there are three scenarios (January mode, February mode, and Double mode) for which the polar vortex generally breaks down with a reversing of zonal winds in midwinter, known as sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) events, at different times. The last one is a non‐perturbed scenario with two under‐modes for which only the timing of the polar vortex transition to its summer state differs, either radiative or dynamical. Consistently with these wind patterns, the wave‐1 and wave‐2 anomaly evolutions confirm that these scenarios are associated with independent dynamics behaviors and significant differences between wave‐1 and wave‐2 activities. We found that the wave‐1 anomaly evolutions drop systematically for each scenario when the stratospheric winds weaken, while this correlation with the wave‐2 anomaly evolutions is not observed for all scenarios. These different dynamical behaviors confirm that the scenarios are either mainly dynamically driven by wave‐1 or both driven by wave‐1 and wave‐2. Until early December, the modes possess similar increasing evolutions of the wave‐1 activity due to the seasonal cycle. After, the scenarios separate, suggesting that the mechanisms responsible for the winter unfolding act in the previous months.
Terrestrial Stilling Projected to Continue in the Northern Hemisphere Mid‐Latitudes

The near‐surface wind speed over land has declined in recent decades, a trend known as terrestrial stilling (TS). However, recent studies have indicated a reversal of the TS during the last decade, triggering renovated interest in the future wind speed changes. This study examines the TS over the Northern Hemisphere (NH) land areas and explores its future changes under Model Inter‐comparison Projection Phase 6 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) scenarios. The results show that the NH mid‐latitude TS will likely continue during the whole 21st century under mid‐to‐high greenhouse warmings (SSPs‐245, 370, and 585). Nevertheless, if the world reduces carbon emissions substantially (SSP‐126), the TS will be interrupted and likely reversed after the mid‐21st century. The projected TS shows seasonal differences, with the largest (smallest) decreasing trends of wind speed in boreal summer (winter). Moreover, the TS reversal during the last decade is suggested as a multi‐decadal fluctuation related to the Pacific and Atlantic multi‐decadal oscillations. In addition, this study proposes that increased upper‐air warming in the future climate could play a key role in reducing the NH mid‐latitude surface wind speed. The continuing TS provides strong implications for the near‐surface environment and wind energy development, particularly for countries in the NH mid‐latitudes.
The osteology and affinities of Eotyrannus lengi, a tyrannosauroid theropod from the Wealden Supergroup of southern England

Eotyrannus lengi Hutt et al., 2001 from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation (part of the Wealden Supergroup) of the Isle of Wight, southern England, is described in detail, compared with other theropods, and evaluated in a new phylogenetic analysis. Eotyrannus is represented by a single individual that would have been c. 4.5 m long; it preserves the anterior part of the skull, a partial forelimb and pectoral girdle, various cervical, dorsal and caudal vertebrae, rib fragments, part of the ilium, and hindlimb elements excluding the femur. Lack of fusion with regard to both neurocentral and sacral sutures indicates subadult status. Eotyrannus possesses thickened, fused, pneumatic nasals with deep lateral recesses, elongate, tridactyl forelimbs and a tyrannosaurid-like scapulocoracoid. The short preantorbital ramus of the maxilla and nasals that are approximately seven times longer than they are wide show that Eotyrannus was not longirostrine. A posterodorsally inclined ridge on the ilium’s lateral surface fails to reach the dorsal margin: a configuration seen elsewhere in Juratyrant. Eotyrannus is not arctometatarsalian. Autapomorphies include the presence of curving furrows on the dentary, a block-like humeral entepicondyle, and a distoproximally aligned channel close to the distolateral border of the tibia. Within Tyrannosauroidea, E. lengi is phylogenetically intermediate between Proceratosauridae and Yutyrannus and the clade that includes Xiongguanlong, Megaraptora, Dryptosaurus and Tyrannosauridae. We do not find support for a close affinity between Eotyrannus and Juratyrant. Our analysis supports the inclusion of Megaraptora within Tyrannosauroidea and thus increases Cretaceous tyrannosauroid diversity and disparity. A proposal that Eotyrannus might belong within Megaraptora, however, is based on character states not present in the taxon. Several theropods from the Wessex Formation are based on material that overlaps with the E. lengi holotype but none can be shown to be synonymous with it.
Lamiaceae Plants in Bulgarian Rural Livelihoods—Diversity, Utilization, and Traditional Knowledge

Lamiaceae comprises widely distributed medicinal and aromatic plants, many of which are traditionally used in European countries. The current study aimed to document Lamiaceae taxa used in rural Bulgaria (Southeast Europe) and to explore the related local knowledge and cultural practices that influence their utilization for various purposes. Field work included inventory of Lamiaceae diversity in home gardens and semi-structured interviews focused on the cultivation, collection, and utilization practices common among elderly inhabitants of 34 settlements in rural Bulgaria. We report the utilization of 27 Lamiaceae taxa, 9 of which were collected from the wild. Traditional and contemporary ways of utilizing Lamiaceae taxa as culinary and medicinal plants, in herbal teas, as repellents, ritual plants, etc., are presented. Recent knowledge on medicinal properties contributed to the introduction of new taxa in gardens (wild and cultivated), while traditional culinary practices were found to sustain the diversity of local forms (landraces).
Effects of Health Shocks, Insurance, and Education on Income: Fresh Analysis Using CHNS Panel Data

The most important asset for a person is their health and wellbeing. While it is possible to keep one’s health at its best, it is common for people to have health shocks (HSs; negative shocks to an individual’s health). In this study, using Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) panel data, we studied the impact of different HSs on income using new modified methods. Thus, we considered the substantial links among different HSs, levels of education, and insurance types, as well as their impact on people’s wealth defined by their income. The core aim of this study is to help devise and guide new policies to reduce the effect of these HSs through the proper use of education and insurance channels. In this research, we used simple pooled OLS regression to measure the different causality estimates of HSs, education, and insurance, as well as their interactions. Obtained through the use of up-to-date panel data, the study results are consistent with previous research using different HS and education measures. The findings of this research suggest revising previous policies concerning education levels and health insurance schemes.
M&A Under Financing Friction: Evidence from Credit Supply Shorfalls

Despite empirical evidence showing that ﬁrms’ investments decrease during periods of credit supply shortfalls, little is known about how ﬁrms can eventually circumvent such ﬁnancing frictions, thereby attenuating the adverse effects of negative credit supply shocks. In this paper, we show that ﬁrms can relieve ﬁnancing frictions during banking crisis periods by selling equity stakes to outside investors. We exam-ine Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) transactions worldwide between 1990-2019 and the outcomes of targeted ﬁrms ex-post the deal. By exploring cross-sectional variation in the supply of credit induced by banking crises, we ﬁnd that ﬁrms that have higher levels of expiring debt maturities in the year of the credit shock are more likely to become targets in M&A deals. Moreover, we ﬁnd strong evidence that target ﬁrms invest more and issue more debt after the deal relative to other ﬁnancially constrained ﬁrms that did not undergo such transactions. Our results remain robust after controlling for alternative explanations and show that M&As can work as leeway to relieve ﬁnancing frictions in periods when credit supply frictions are more prevalent.
The relationship between perceived economic standing and happiness

ABSTRACT We examine the importance of perception in the relationship between income and happiness. Using Icelandic data, we show that people’s perception of their economic standing is more telling of their happiness than their actual income. We find a stronger association between happiness and a negative perception of one’s economic standing than happiness and a positive perception.
Reliability and Sensitivity of Nocturnal Heart Rate and Heart-Rate Variability in Monitoring Individual Responses to Training Load.

PURPOSE To assess the reliability of nocturnal heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) and to analyze the sensitivity of these markers to maximal endurance exercise. METHODS Recreational runners recorded nocturnal HR and HRV on nights after 2 identical low-intensity training sessions (n = 15) and on nights before and after a 3000-m running test (n = 23). Average HR, the natural logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences (LnRMSSD), and the natural logarithm of the high-frequency power (LnHF) were analyzed from a full night (FULL), a 4-hour (4H) segment starting 30 minutes after going to sleep, and morning value (MOR) based on the endpoint of the linear fit through all 5-minute averages during the night. Differences between the nights were analyzed with a general linear model, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for internight reliability assessments. RESULTS All indices were similar between the nights followed by low-intensity training sessions. A very high ICC (P < .001) was observed in all analysis segments with a range of . 97 to . 98 for HR, . 92 to . 97 for LnRMSSD, and . 91 to . 96 for LnHF. HR increased (P < .001), whereas LnRMSSD (P < .01) and LnHF (P < .05) decreased after the 3000-m test compared with previous night only in 4H and FULL. Increments in HR (P < .01) and decrements in LnRMSSD (P < .05) were greater in 4H compared with FULL and MOR. CONCLUSIONS Nocturnal HR and HRV indices are highly reliable. Demanding maximal exercise increases HR and decreases HRV most systematically in 4H and FULL segments.
Double Fault-Tolerant LLC Resonant Converter With Reconfiguration Method

A fault-tolerant converter is widely used in high-reliability applications. To satisfy the high-reliability requirements, fault tolerance is an essential feature and can be achieved by redundant converters. However, a large number of redundant converters degrade the overall power density and cost. This article proposes a novel fault-tolerant LLC converter, which can reduce the number of redundant converters. Its structure is based on the input-parallel, output-series two half-bridge LLC converters, and a midpoint connection on the secondary side. The proposed converter can withstand double short-circuit faults (SCFs) by utilizing only two converters instead of three converters. The redundant converter is used to achieve a single fault-tolerant capability against an SCF. When a second SCF occurs in the switch, the proposed converter is reconfigured to regulate the output voltage without additional semiconductor components. By analyzing the proposed converter, it is demonstrated that the proposed converter achieves high-power density and low cost without degradation of efficiency. In addition, it can be easily extended to have multiple fault-tolerant capabilities. Finally, the performance and feasibility of the proposed converter were confirmed with a 100 V/12 A 1200 W prototype.
The Strategy of Workforce Management Based on Risk Assessment of Manual Handling Work with Suitability of Work Environment in Makasar Industrial Area, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: A good work environment suitability has a major impact on health and safety, and it encourages a more productive workforce. When it is incompatible with labor, it can lead to unintended impacts and various risks. AIM: We aimed to investigate the strategy of workforce management based on risk assessment of manual handling work with suitability of work environment in Makasar industrial area, Indonesia. METHODS: Twenty three workforce samples are selected from Makassar Industrial Area (KIMA), Indonesia. The risk of manual handling work is assessed based on the suitability of the work environment to the workforce’s response using Guttman scale, in which the answer YES = 1 means there is a risk, while the answer NO = 0 means there is no risk. However, the scales are the reproducibility coefficient ≥ 0.90 and scalability coefficient ≥0.60, and Guttman scale score is calculated from Tn = total answers of “YES” for the KPI in the scale. Meanwhile, the SWOT-4Q is used to analyze the strategy of industry supervisor samples. RESULTS: For the workforce, eight of nine risk assessments do not show risk, and only “high vibration intensity in the workplace,” with a percentage of 78.26%, affects the excessive condition. The strategy used by the supervisors in quadrant I is in accordance with the strength of the risk assessment and has a great opportunity to reduce risk. The management maximally exploits the big opportunity of the manual handling work. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that most of the workforce did not experience the risk of manual handling work with the suitability of the work environment. In addition, industrial supervisors should implement a growth strategy because they can enlarge the industry by taking advantage of the advantages of manual handling work to maximize the exploitation of large manual handling work opportunities.
Reorganizing construction logistics for improved performance

Abstract Previous research indicates that logistics reorganizing can contribute to improved performance in the construction industry. In this paper, the opportunities for such reorganizing are investigated by focusing on the connection between logistics operations at the construction site and operations undertaken before building materials land at sites. The aims of the study are: (1) to empirically explore strategic actions to reorganize construction logistics by improving the connections between on-site and off-site logistics, and (2) to develop a theoretical framework for analysis of potential options for reorganizing. The empirical inquiry involves a case study of a logistics specialist’s efforts to reorganize on-site logistics and the associated consequences for off-site operations. The study is based on 28 interviews with representatives of 13 organizations. The study provides two types of contributions. First, the theoretical framework, rooted in industrial network theory, enables analysis of reorganizing of activities, resources and actors to improve logistics performance. Second, the empirical study shows that a logistics specialist can improve on-site logistics substantially. However, such reorganizing requires adjustments of off-site logistics that may be resource demanding. Therefore, effective connecting of on-site and off-site operations calls for extended interaction between the actors in terms of joint planning and exchange of information.
Partogram in trial of labor after cesarean section

Background: In recent decades, the proportion of caesarean sections to vaginal delivery has increased substantially for various reasons, and a trial of vaginal birth after a caesarean section may save many pregnant women from recurrent cesarean sections and their complications. Aim: Aim is to detect whether partogram is applicable in the monitoring of a trial of labor after cesarean section. Patients and methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted at AL-ELWIYAH maternity teaching hospital. Partogram was studied for (200) term pregnancy patients with previous one cesarean section for a non-recurring cause. Both the advantages and disadvantages of vaginal birth after cesarean section and a repeat cesarean section were explained and an informed consent is obtained. Their partograms were studied and at any time during the trial if an indication of cesarean section appeared the trial would be abandoned and an emergency repeat cesarean section would be performed. Result: Among the (200) patients included in the trial the following results were obtained: (170) patients delivered vaginally hence success rate was (85%).
Phytochemical analysis and alpha-amylase inhibitory property of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves extracts

Evaluation of medicinal plants for their antidiabetic activities has increased considerably around the world as well as in Algeria. Olea europaea, commonly called Zeytoune, is traditionally used by Tlemcen population in Algeria, for treating diabetes mellitus. In this work, we evaluate the capacity of O. europaea leaves crude extracts to inhibit in vitro α-amylase activity. The qualitative phytochemical screening carried out on O. europaea leaves extracts showed the presence of tannins, sterols and triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids and terpenoids. A quantitative analysis of the crude extracts showed significant levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in hydroacetonic extract, with an amount of 802.57 ± 0.001 mg GAE/ g and 359 ± 0.002 mg CE/ g, respectively. In vitro tests carried out on the inhibitory of α-amylase activity, revealed an inhibitory effects, specifically with hydroacetonic extract in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 0.27 ± 0.02 mg/mL. These findings reveals that O. europaea leaves extracts could represent an interesting source of bioactive compounds and allow to the development of new antidiabetic agents.
Pathways From Prosocial Behaviour to Emotional Health and Academic Achievement in Early Adolescence

This study examined pathways from prosocial behaviour in the beginning of the school year to emotional health and academic achievement in the end of the year, taking into account the mediating role of peer acceptance. Participants were 734 grade 4 to 7 students in public elementary schools (51% female) in Western Canada. As expected, pathway analyses taking into account the clustered structure of the data indicated that self-reported prosocial behaviour in the beginning of the school year was significantly related higher levels of self-reported optimism, lower levels of depressive symptoms, and better grades in the end of the year; the association was mediated by peer-reported peer acceptance in the classroom. Findings support the role of peer acceptance as an underlying mechanism involved in the association between prosocial behaviour and positive developmental health outcomes in early adolescence. Findings are also practically relevant as they inform school-based social-emotional competence promotion through interventions.
The Mean ApoC1 Serum Level in Postoperative Samples from Neurosurgical Patients Is Lower than in Preoperative Samples and during Chemotherapy

Simple Summary Apolipoprotein C1 is mainly synthesized in the liver and helps in the digestion of fatty acids and in their clearance from the bloodstream. Recent reports have described the role of ApoC1 in malignant tumors of internal organs, exerting an impact on tumor growth and prognosis. Only little is known about ApoC1 in patients with diseases affecting the nervous system, so in this study, samples from neurosurgical patients were examined. A total of 219 samples from 85 patients with brain tumors was compared to 11 samples from patients undergoing non-tumor spine surgery. After drawing the blood sample, it was centrifuged to yield the serum supernatant, which was then assessed by a photometric antibody test (ELISA). The results give the concentration of ApoC1 in the probed blood in µg/mL. From a single sample, it was not possible to determine the underlying disease, such as lumbar disc herniation or brain tumor. Of note, the ApoC1 levels of glioblastoma patients fell significantly after the neurosurgical resection of the tumor and then rose again during chemotherapy. Ongoing research deals with a detailed statistical analysis to determine whether ApoC1 serum levels qualify for use as a blood biomarker for glioblastoma. Abstract Serum levels of apolipoprotein ApoC1 have been described in a number of systemic tumor entities as potential biomarkers, but little is known about ApoC1 in neurosurgical patients. A total of 230 serum samples from 96 patients were analyzed using an ELISA technique. Patient diagnoses comprised 70 glioblastomas WHO IV°, 10 anaplastic astrocytomas III°, one anaplastic oligodendroglioma III°, one oligodendroglioma II°, one diffuse astrocytoma II°, one pilocytic astrocytoma I°, and a single case of a spindle cell tumor without WHO grading, as well as 11 spinal interventions. The mean ApoC1 level of the 230 samples was 132.03 µg/mL (median 86.83, SD 292.91). In the 176 glioblastoma samples, the mean ApoC1 level was 130.0 µg/mL (median 86.23, SD 314.9), which was neither different from the whole group nor from patients with spinal interventions (215.1 μg/mL, median 63.6, SD 404.9). In the postoperative samples, the mean ApoC1 level was significantly lower (85.81 μg/mL) than in the preoperative samples (129.64 μg/mL) and in samples obtained during adjuvant chemotherapy (168.44 μg/mL). While absolute ApoC1 serum levels in a patient do not allow for the distinction between neurosurgical histological entities, future analyses will examine whether the time course of ApoC1 in an individual patient can be related to certain treatment stages.