Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological, Chemical and Molecular Evaluations For Several Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Races Grown Under Salt Stress Levels

A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station of the College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University during the summer season 2020. Pots of 15 cm diameter were used for planting the genotypes, with (SS, F-RCBD) and three replications. Ten different genotypes rice were used (FRI, FR2, FR15, FR16, FR17, FR18, FR21, FR25, FR27), as well as the rice varieties, which are Pokkali, Anber-33 and Jasmine, were irrigated by three levels of salty water (4.5, 7.5 and 15 ds/m). The results of the experiment showed that the tolerance of the genotypes FR21 and FR12 to salinity was associated with containing low concentrations of sodium (0.38 and 0.42%) respectively in the shoot, and a high concentration of potassium in the shoot (1.22 and 1.23%) respectively, and this result was reflected in the ratio of potassium to sodium in the shoot total was (3.30 and 2.95%) compared to the salt-tolerant variety Pokkali. Salinity caused a significant decrease in all the studied traits of the genotypes, especially at levels 7.5 and 15 ds/m, in growth traits (plant height, flag leaf area and panicle length), yield and its components (number of productive tillers, weight of 1000 grains and yield per plant). The most potent varieties in salt tolerance were FR12 and FR21, as they gave the highest yield of grains (11.72 and 16.67 g/plant, respectively), flag leave area (30.47 and 27.76 cm2 respectively). Detection for OsHKT4 and OsHKT6 by PCR proved the presence of primary locus that utilized by each gene with successfully fused genes as well as their stability under Iraqi cultivation circumstances, particularly in the case of FR12 and FR21 where OsHKT4 lanes were very obvious (2840 Kb) and the bands of OsHKT6 at (2324 Kb), which resemble to that in Pokkali Japanese salt tolerance rice. These results suggested the variation among investigated rice varieties in their tolerance to salts, where FR12 and FR21 were best in their performance under applied the salt levels conditions.
Cultural Perspectives of Disability and Its Effects on the Education and Rehabilitation of Children with Disabilities in Francistown, Botswana

This study discusses Cultural Perspectives of Disability and Its Effects on the Education and Rehabilitation of Children with Disabilities in Francistown, Botswana. Majorly, this study aims at exploring the perspective of three basic component parts of a society namely: family members, neighbours and the religious leaders. This study comprises of 45 participants who are residents of Francistown, Botswana. Face to face interview is used as a data collection technique. Purposive sampling and snowball are used to select the participants. The study finds out that disability in Botswana is mostly associated with sociocultural factors such as witchcraft; ancestors and God's will or test. Language and Religion are found to have both positive and negative effects on the education and rehabilitation of children with disabilities. The severity of the child's disability influences the attitudes of the respondents towards children with disabilities. It is concluded that culture influences people's perceptions about disability in Botswana. Therefore, there is need for the services to adopt a culturally sensitive approach.
Fiscal Federalism in Western European and Selected Other Countries: Centralization or Decentralization? What Is Better for Economic Growth?

Following a brief review of the theoretical literature on the benefits and shortcomings of fiscal decentralization this paper presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between per capita economic growth and its production function determinants, on the one hand, and constructed indicators of fiscal decentralization, on the other hand. The analysis suggests for high income countries, in particular Western European countries, a hump-shaped relation between per capita economic growth and capital formation, on the one hand, and fiscal decentralization, on the other hand. By contrast, for countries with middle income, the association between fiscal decentralization and economic growth and its determinants (capital formation and total factor productivity growth) becomes stronger as fiscal decentralization increases. Das Papier gibt zunachst einen Uberblick uber die theoretischen Argumente fur und gegen fiskalische Dezentralisierung. Fur westeuropaische Lander sowie ausgewahlte weitere Lander mit mittlerem Einkommensniveau wird dann eine empirische Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen Indikatoren des fiskalischen Dezentralisierungsgrades und dem wirtschaftlichen Wachstum durchgefuhrt. Als abhangige Variable in den Regressionen wird aber nicht nur das Wirtschaftswachstum berucksichtigt, sondern auch zwei Komponenten des Wirtschaftswachstums, namlich Kapitalbildung und Wachstum der totalen Faktorproduktivitat. Die Ergebnisse sind, das fur Lander mit hohem Einkommen und westeuropaische Lander kein linearer Zusammenhang zwischen Wirtschaftswachstum und seinen Komponenten -auf der einen Seite- und fiskalischer Dezentralisierung -auf der anderen Seite- zu bestehen scheint. Vielmehr scheint dieser Zusammenhang "glockenformig" zu sein. Dagegen gilt fur die Lander mit relativ niedrigem Einkommensniveau der Stichprobe (dies sind Lander mit mittlerem Einkommensniveau nach der Klassifizierung der Weltbank), das zunehmende fiskalische Dezentralisierung mit steigendem pro-Kopf Wirtschafswachstum und hoherer Kapitalbildung verbunden ist.
A Prospective Observational Study for Monitoring of Adverse Drug Reactions in Medicine Wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Purpose: Adverse Drug Reactions make contributions drastically to sufferers' morbidity and mortality, in addition to the cost for the health care system. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence and evaluate the pattern of ADRs in the inpatients for their causality, severity, preventability, and also promote safer use of drugs by reporting adverse drug reactions to the clinical pharmacologist of a tertiary care hospital. Method: This was a prospective observational study operated in three general medicine wards of tertiary care hospital for one year. The WHO definition of an ADR was adopted. Each ADR was assessed for its causality by using naranjo’s scale, severity was assessed using the criterion developed by Hartwig et al and preventability was assessed using the modified Schumock and Thornton's criteria. Result: A total of 1040 patients’ data was captured during the period of study. 30 patients were excluded for data analysis due to incomplete information and medical-legal case (MLC). The results were based on data from 1010 inpatients. A total of 90 ADRs were detected in patients' departments and confirmed with the clinician. Only one geriatric patient had two ADRs; 88 patients had suffered one ADR only. The overall prevalence of ADRs was found to be 8.9% (90/1010). Most of the ADRs were type-A reactions (89%). Cardiovascular and Anti-infective for systemic use were the most commonly associated drug classes with ADRs (39% and 17 % each) according to ATC Classification. The most commonly occurring reaction was constipation (18%), hypokalemia (15%), and skin rash (12%). Most of ADRs Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; 32(3) ISSN 2651-4451 | e-ISSN 2651-446X www.turkjphysiotherrehabil. org 29598 belonged to the category of ‘Possible’ (53%), followed by ‘probable’ (41%), in their causality, the majority (52.22%) of the reactions was moderate and 45.5% of ADRs were mild and around the majority of patients, ADRs (92%) were not preventable. Conclusion:The concurrent monthly feedback provided to the clinical pharmacologist showed a significant reduction in the occurrence of ADRs. This has demonstrated the role of clinical pharmacists in ensuring better patient care and promoting safer use of medications.
The Influence of Liquidity, Leverage, Profitability and Activity Against Growth of Profits at Property and Real Estate Companies Listed on BEI

This research aims to test the influence of liquidity, leverage, profitability, and activity against growth of profit at property and real estate companies listed on BEI. The population of this research is all the property and real estate companies listed in BEI during 2014-2016. Based on the method purposive sampling, samples of this research as much as 34 property and real estate companies listed on BEI. Type of data used in this research is secondary data obtained from (www.idx.co.id). Methods of analysis used are multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed liquidity and leverage do not have influence to the profit growth, while profitability and activity have influence to the profit growth.
FITNESS COST AND COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF RYEGRASS SUSCEPTIBLE AND WITH MULTIPLE RESISTANCE TO GLYPHOSATE , IODOSULFURON-METHYL , AND PYROXSULAM

ABSTRACT Ryegrass is an important weed in wheat cultivations due to the evolution of resistance to different mechanisms of action. This study aimed to compare the phenological development, fitness cost, and competitive ability between ryegrass biotypes susceptible and with multiple resistance to 5-enolpyruvylshikimate3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs) and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides. Fitness cost and phenological development were evaluated from biotypes grown in pots, and morphological growth variables were determined up to 140 days after emergence. Phenological development was evaluated with a fitness cost. Competitive ability was determined in a replacement-series experiment with proportions of resistant and susceptible ryegrass. The tested proportions were 100:0 (pure resistant ryegrass stand), 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100% (pure susceptible ryegrass stand), where the number of tillers, height, leaf area, and shoot dry matter were evaluated at 50 days after emergence. The longer tillering period of resistant ryegrass was the main factor involved in the difference in phenological development between biotypes. The resistant biotype was superior to the susceptible regarding height, shoot dry matter, and absolute growth rate, while the susceptible biotype had a higher number of tillers and leaf area ratio. Thus, the resistant biotype had no fitness cost. For competitive ability, no difference was observed between biotypes in the different tested proportions when they occupied the same ecological niche.
Alcohol Use Disorder among General Hospital Medical Inpatients

Objectives: We sought to examine alcohol use disorder (AUD) among general hospital medical inpatients with respect to identification, service utilization, and initiation of medication-assisted treatment. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review for all adult inpatients over one full calendar year. Subjects were separated into two categories: patients with chart documentation of an AUD diagnosis and those without such documentation. We extracted from the electronic health record and analyzed information on demographics, service utilization, and treatment initiation of medication-assisted treatment for AUD such as naltrexone, disulfiram, or acamprosate. Results: The study revealed three main findings: 1) Less than one percent of patients discharged from the hospital in one full calendar year had an identified AUD diagnosis. 2) Patients with an AUD diagnosis had a significantly higher number of emergency department (ED) visits and longer hospital length of stay (LOS) but did not have significantly higher 30-day hospital readmissions, compared to patients with no AUD diagnosis. 3) Among patients diagnosed with AUD, only 1.8% received FDA-approved medication-assisted treatment for AUD. Conclusions: The AUD identification rate we detected was markedly lower than prevalence rates reported in the literature. Patients who were identified with AUD had higher counts of ED visits and longer LOS. Initiation rates of medication-assisted treatment for AUD were low. The study findings suggest that concerted efforts are needed to improve detection and diagnosis of AUD in order to support the delivery of effective AUD treatment including the initiation of evidence-based pharmacotherapy for AUD in the general hospital setting.
Stochastic Stability via Robustness of Linear Systems

Robust stability and stochastic stability have separately seen intense study in control theory since its inception. In this work we establish relations between these properties for discrete-time systems. Specifically, we examine a robustness framework which models the inherent uncertainty and variation in the system dynamics which arise in model-based learning control methods such as adaptive control and reinforcement learning. We provide results which guarantee mean-square stability margins in terms of multiplicative noises which affect the nominal dynamics, as well as connections to prior work which together imply that robust stability and mean-square stability are, in a certain sense, equivalent.
Nutritional and Chemical Compositions of The Desert Truffle (Terfezia Claveryi) in Samawa City of Iraq

The present study was conducted to investigate the nutritional and phytochemical composition (amino acids, phenolic compounds) of Terfezia claveryi collected from Samawa city. The macro-Kjeldahl technique was used to determine the crude protein content (N6.25) of the samples. A Soxhlet device was used to determine the crude fat content. The identification of free amino acids and individual phenolic compounds were performed by an amino acid analyzer and High-Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC). Terfezia claveryi rich in carbohydrates, proteins and low in fat. protein percentage was 17.64%. Terfezia claveryi contain twelve amino acids, nine phenolic compounds, Rutin, Gallic acid, Sinapic acids and Chlorogenic acid were 6479.035, 3737.48, 1263.303, 1151.521 μg/gm identified as the major phenolic compound respectively. The protein content is significantly higher than most vegetables, which can use as a well-balanced diet. Owing to rich amino acids and phenolic profile Terfezia claveryi can be considered as a source of therapeutic agents.
Design and Testing of an Enhanced-Elongation Telescoping Self-Centering Energy-Dissipative Brace

AbstractThe self-centering energy-dissipative (SCED) brace is a new steel bracing member that provides both damping and recentering capability to a structure, while reducing or eliminating residual building deformations after major seismic events. Previous SCED brace designs exhibited full self-centering capability over frame lateral deformations ranging from 1.5 to 2.0% of a typical building story height owing to the elongation capacity of the tendons comprising the system. To overcome this limitation, a new enhanced-elongation telescoping SCED (T-SCED) brace has been developed that allows for self-centering response over two times the range achieved with the original SCED bracing system. A prototype design of this proposed system was fabricated and tested quasi-statically and dynamically in a full-scale vertical steel frame. It exhibited full self-centering behavior in a single story frame that was laterally deformed to 4% of its story height. This new T-SCED brace also satisfied standard testing protoc.
Drivers of intraspecific variation of plant functional traits, plant performance and root exudates in German grasslands

Questions: To what extent is trait variation in grasses and forbs driven by land-use intensity, climate, soil conditions and plant diversity of the local neighbourhood? Do grass and forb species differ in the degree of intraspecific trait variation? Location: Managed grasslands in three regions of Germany. Methods: Using a phytometer approach, we raised 20 common European grassland species (ten forbs and ten grasses) and planted them into 54 plots of different land-use types (pasture, meadow, mown pasture). After 1 yr in the field, we measured aboveand below-ground plant functional traits. Linear mixed effects models (LMEM) were used to identify the most powerful predictors for every trait. Variation partitioning was applied to assess the amount of interand intraspecific trait variation in grasses and forbs explained by environmental conditions (land-use intensity, climate and soil conditions) and plant species diversity of the local neighbourhood. Results: For 12 out of the 14 traits studied, either land-use intensity or local neighbourhood diversity were predictors in the best LMEM. Land-use intensity had considerably stronger effects than neighbourhood diversity. Root dry matter content and root phosphorus concentration of forbs were more affected by landuse intensity than those of grasses. For almost all traits, intraspecific trait variation of grasses was much higher than that of forbs, while traits of forbs varied more among species. Overall, interand intraspecific variation was of the same magnitude. Conclusion: The similar magnitude of intraand interspecific trait variation suggests that both sources should be considered in grassland studies at a scale similar to that of our study. The high amount of intraspecific trait variation that was explained by environmental factors and local neighbourhood diversity clearly demonstrates the high potential of species to adjust to local conditions, which would be ignored when only considering species mean trait values.
A Study On Problem Faced By The Women Workers In The Unorganised (construction) Sector In Trichy District

An Unorganized Sector can be dened as the sector where the elements of the Organized Sector are absent. The landscape of the unorganized sector becomes synonymous with the kaleidoscope of unregulated, poorly skilled and low-paid workers. At present scenario, women workers also equally working in the unorganized sectors like construction work, agriculture, textiles, and domestic work etc. Construction sector comes under unorganized sector of an economy. The term unorganized workers has been dened as those workers who have not been able to organize themselves in pursuit of their common interest due to certain constraints like casual nature of employment, ignorance and illiteracy, small and scattered size of establishment etc. The researcher concentrated only on the women workers who are working in the construction sector and how they are facing problems in the work place. Majority of the women constructive workers are facing lots of problems like absence of social security, low wages, sexual harassments, gender discrimination, unhygienic habits etc. Researcher adopted “Descriptive Research Design”. Data was collected from 30 women workers in Trichy District. The researcher has selected the “Simple Random Sampling” from Probability Sample Design. The data for this study has been collected through primary source. The primary data for this study was collected with the help of the questionnaire. The secondary data was collected from the library and computer. The major ndings of unorganized women worker's problem will be discussed in the full paper.
Effect of temperature on isothermal fatigue of solders

The effect of temperature on isothermal fatigue of low-tin lead-based and lead-tin eutectic solders was studied at low strain ranges (0.3-1.0% total strain) in tests without and with hold time in the cycle. While temperature almost does not affect the fatigue life of eutectic solder, the fatigue life of low-tin lead-based solder is a complex function of temperature. Extrapolation of fatigue data for this solder was possible only in a 25 to 80 degrees C temperature range using the values of apparent activation energy from 25 to 45 kJ/mol. depending on strain range, strain rate, and presence of hold time in the cycle. Variation in the values of activation energy was found to be associated with different failure modes under various testing conditions. The higher activation energy for fatigue of low-tin lead-based solder was associated with the mixed transgranular-intergranular mode of failure. Failure in grain boundaries was characterized by lower values of activation energy. <<ETX>>
The Effect of Some Chemical Compounds and Plants Water Extracts on Inhibiting The Nitrification in The Soil and Wheat (Triticum Aestivuim L.) Growth and Yield

A field experiment was carried out in Dhi Qar Governorate, Al-Fadhliya region, for season of 2018-2019. Chemical compounds DMPP, DCD, and ATS as well as aqueous extracts of capers seeds and palm bast, were added to inhibiting the nitrification in the soil, and some of the growth characteristics of the wheat. Three of nitrogen level were added as urea (46% N) fertilizer (100, 150 and 200 kg N per ha). Aqueous extracts of plants were added to the urea fertilizer at a concentration of 100 ml for each kg of fertilizer. The experiment designed used RCBD with three replications. Wheat seeds were sown at 11/15/2018. Soil samples were Collecting from the soil (0-30) cm during the growing season after (10, 20, 40 and 60) days after the fertilization. The amount of ammonium, nitrate and nitrite, were estimated. The results showed that the fertilizer level 150 kg N ha−1 with all extracts and chemical compound treatments were exceeded compared with 200 kg N ha−1 without treatments.
Factors Influencing Young Consumers Purchase Intention towards Biodegrable Clothing in Bangladesh

The study aims to identify the factors that influence young consumers’ purchase intention towards biodegradable clothing in the context of Bangladesh. A structured closed ended questionnaires was used for data collection through non-probability sampling method through a random distribution of 60 respondents who are university students and represent young population of Bangladesh.Using SPSS four independent variables were able to identify. After that hypothesis were tested through regression analysis. The study reveals that perceived behavioral control and moral obligation positively influence young Bangladeshi consumers’ purchase intention towards biodegradable clothing.The study provides valuable insights to apparel industry of Bangladesh specially brands who are focusing on biodegradability and concerned about environmental effects. This study will be also beneficial to the future researchers in this field.
Cycling for Everyone

This paper investigates how bicycling can be promoted as a safe and feasible means of transport for everyone and for all trip purposes. The policies and programs needed to encourage a broad spectrum of social groups to cycle are the same policies and programs that encourage high overall levels of cycling: extensive systems of separate cycling facilities, intersection modifications and priority bicycle traffic signals, traffic calming of neighborhoods, safe and convenient bike parking, coordination and integration of cycling with public transport, traffic education and training for both cyclists and motorists, and traffic laws that favor cyclists and pedestrians. To show how this multifaceted, coordinated approach actually works, the paper focuses on cycling trends and policies in the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany. The national-level comparative analysis is supplemented with case studies of large and small cities in each country.