Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Heterogeneity of Brain-Derived Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis

Microglia are important for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and first to respond to tissue damage and perturbations. Microglia are heterogeneous cells; in case of pathology, microglia adopt a range of phenotypes with altered functions. However, how these different microglia subtypes are implicated in CNS disease is largely unresolved. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the CNS, characterized by inflammation and axonal degeneration, ultimately leading to neurological decline. One way microglia are implicated in MS is through stimulation of remyelination. They facilitate efficient remyelination by phagocytosis of myelin debris. In addition, microglia recruit oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to demyelinated areas and stimulate remyelination. The development of high-resolution technologies to profile individual cells has greatly contributed to our understanding of microglia heterogeneity and function under normal and pathological conditions. Gene expression profiling technologies have evolved from whole tissue RNA sequencing toward single-cell or nucleus sequencing. Single microglia proteomic profiles are also increasingly generated, offering another layer of high-resolution data. Here, we will review recent studies that have employed these technologies in the context of MS and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, recent developments that allow for (single) cell profiling while retaining spatial information and tissue context will be discussed.
Machine Learning for Modeling the Singular Multi-Pantograph Equations

In this study, a new approach to basis of intelligent systems and machine learning algorithms is introduced for solving singular multi-pantograph differential equations (SMDEs). For the first time, a type-2 fuzzy logic based approach is formulated to find an approximated solution. The rules of the suggested type-2 fuzzy logic system (T2-FLS) are optimized by the square root cubature Kalman filter (SCKF) such that the proposed fineness function to be minimized. Furthermore, the stability and boundedness of the estimation error is proved by novel approach on basis of Lyapunov theorem. The accuracy and robustness of the suggested algorithm is verified by several statistical examinations. It is shown that the suggested method results in an accurate solution with rapid convergence and a lower computational cost.
Hierarchical Distribution Matching for Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping

Probabilistic amplitude shaping—implemented through a distribution matcher (DM)—is an effective approach to enhance the performance and the flexibility of bandwidth-efficient coded modulations. Different DM structures have been proposed in the literature. Typically, both their performance and their complexity increase with the block length. In this work, we present a hierarchical DM (Hi-DM) approach based on the combination of several DMs of different possible types, which provides the good performance of long DMs with the low complexity of several short DMs. The DMs are organized in layers. Each upper-layer DM encodes information on a sequence of lower-layer DMs, which are used as “virtual symbols”. First, we describe the Hi-DM structure, its properties, and the encoding and decoding procedures. Then, we present three particular Hi-DM configurations, providing some practical design guidelines, and investigating their performance in terms of rate loss and energy loss. Finally, we compare the system performance obtained with the proposed Hi-DM structures and with their single-layer counterparts: a 0.19dB SNR gain is obtained by a two-layer Hi-DM based on constant composition DMs (CCDM) compared to a single-layer CCDM with same complexity; a 0.12dB gain and a significant complexity reduction are obtained by a Hi-DM based on minimum-energy lookup tables compared to a single-layer DM based on enumerative sphere shaping with same memory requirements.
Assessment of Total Parenteral Nutrition administration among Intensive Care Unit patients at Omdurman Military Hospital, Sudan

Total parenteral nutrition is one of the important types of nutrition among patients with intestinal failure. This research was intended to assess total parenteral nutrition administration of the intensive care unit patients at the Military hospital, Sudan. A cross-sectional hospital-based study assessed the patients records in the period between April 2014- November 2015, data were analyzed through chi- square test, it was considered significant when p[≤] 0.05. Twenty patients who received total parenteral nutrition were assessed, 60% were males, while 40% were females. The most frequent indication for total parenteral nutrition was laparotomy (35% of patients). The duration of total parenteral nutrition was assessed, 70% of patients had duration between 1-20 days. Regarding total parenteral nutrition complications, the most frequent complication was hypokalemia (45% of patients), refeeding syndrome occurred in 10 % of patients. A statistically significant association was found between total parenteral nutrition duration when assessed with age and indication (p= 0.005 and 0.000 respectively). Patients suffering from electrolytes imbalance need more care to avoid the development of refeeding syndrome, as well as high level of hygiene is strictly required to overcome septic complications. There is a need to consider specialized care team composed of nurses, clinical pharmacists and nutritionists.
Explaining the role and relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety and test anxiety in students: Application of path analysis

Objective: Spiritual intelligence is manifested when a person spends his life in complete spirituality. Anxiety and test anxiety are among the most common psychological and emotional problems during student life that have a negative impact on students' mental health and academic performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the role and relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety and test anxiety. Methods: This analytical study was performed on 503 nursing and midwifery students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran (2018) using the available sampling method. King spiritual intelligence scale, Sarason's test anxiety scale, and Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire were used to collect data. To analyze the data, statistical methods of path analysis and correlation coefficients were used. Results: The overall effect of test anxiety variable on spiritual intelligence variable is 0.1632 and the overall effect of hidden anxiety variable on spiritual intelligence variable is -0.07. Spiritual intelligence has a significant relationship with test anxiety, so that with increasing mental intelligence, test anxiety is decreased. While in the case of significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and hidden anxiety, with increasing spiritual intelligence, hidden anxiety is also increased. There was no significant relationship between hidden anxiety and test anxiety. The two variables of hidden anxiety and test anxiety have a very weak effect on spiritual intelligence. The effect of hidden anxiety is not significant at all, and the effect of test anxiety is very weak, although being significant. Conclusion: High spiritual intelligence indicates lower test anxiety, while it is inversely related to hidden anxiety. As a result, high spiritual intelligence does not indicate less hidden anxiety in individuals. So it cannot be said for sure that spiritual intelligence plays an important role in reducing anxiety. 446 * Corresponding Author:
Analysis of oceans’ inluence on spring time rainfall variability over Southeastern South America during the 20th century

Southeastern South America (SESA) rainfall is inluenced by the tropical Paciic, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. At the same time, these tropical oceans interact with each other inducing sea surface temperature anomalies in remote basins through atmospheric and oceanic teleconnections. In this study, we employ a tool from complex networks to analyse the collective inluence of the three tropical oceans on austral spring rainfall variability over SESA during the 20th century. To do so we construct a climate network considering as nodes the observed Niño3. 4, Tropical North Atlantic (TNA), and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) indices, together with an observed and simulated precipitation (PCP) index over SESA. The mean network distance is considered as a measure of synchronization among all these phenomena during the 20th century. The approach allowed to uncover two main synchronization periods characterized by different interactions among the oceanic and precipitation nodes. Whereas in the 1930s El Niño and the TNA were the main tropical oceanic phenomena that inluenced SESA precipitation variability, during the 1970s they were El Niño and the IOD. The inluence of El Niño on SESA precipitation variability might be understood through an increase of the northerly transport of moisture in lower-levels and advection of cyclonic vorticity in upper-levels. On the other hand, the interaction between the IOD and PCP can be interpreted in two possible ways. One possibility is that both nodes (IOD and PCP) are forced by El Niño. Another possibility is that the Indian Ocean warming inluences rainfall over SESA through the eastward propagation of Rossby waves as suggested previously. Finally, the inluence of TNA on SESA precipitation persists even when the El Niño signal is removed, suggesting that SST anomalies in the TNA can directly inluence SESA precipitation and further studies are needed to elucidate this
Severe, Fatal Spirorchiidiasis in Confiscated, Smuggled Black Pond Turtles (Geoclemys hamiltonii) in Thailand, a Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract In 2013, hundreds of South Asian turtles and tortoises were confiscated from an animal smuggler in the Suvarnabhumi Airport. Many of the seized animals were suspected to have died due to the stress of the smuggling operation, which was compounded by concurrent diseases; the vast majority of necropsied animals had significant endoparasitism. Two black pond turtles (Geoclemys hamiltonii) were found to be severely affected by systemic vascular spirorchiidiasis, causing significant granulomatous disease in the lungs, kidneys, mesentery, intestines, and liver, and in one of the two animals, within the heart. This is the first report of spirorchiidiasis in black pond turtles.
Determination of Leopard Gecko (Eublepharis macularius) Packed Cell Volume and Plasma Biochemistry Reference Intervals and Reference Values

Abstract Despite the popularity of leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) in the pet trade, packed-cell-volume (PCV) and biochemistry reference intervals are still lacking for these animals. The risk of inducing tail autotomy during venipuncture is of particular concern in this species. Blood samples were obtained from 26 healthy subadults (14 females and 12 males) from the ventral coccygeal vein or the cranial vena cava under general anesthesia with isoflurane. Plasma biochemistry panels were performed by a reference laboratory and PCV was measured. Reference intervals were established following the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines. Reference values were established for parameters with less than 20 available results because of limited sample volumes. Results were computed using the Reference Value Advisor software. Venipuncture was performed safely, without tail autotomy, in all 26 individuals. No lymph contamination was detected macroscopically. Reference intervals were 21–40% for PCV, 33–394 µmol/L for uric acid (0.5 to 6.6 mg/dL), 0–3,701 IU/L for creatine kinase, and 0.6–37.5 µmol/L for bile acids. Reference values were established for the following parameters: 0.5–5.3 mmol/L for phosphorus (1.5–16.4 mg/dL), 24–80 g/L for total protein (2.4–8.0 g/dL), 3.5 to >9.25 mmol/L for total calcium in females (14 to >37 mg/dL), and 11–65 IU/L for aspartate aminotransferase. Biochemistry results in leopard geckos were similar to those reported in crested geckos (Rhacodactylus ciliatus).
COVID-19's unfortunate events in schools: mitigating classroom clusters in the context of variable transmission

Widespread school closures occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Because closures are costly and damaging, many jurisdictions have since reopened schools with control measures in place. Early evidence indicated that schools were low risk and children were unlikely to be very infectious, but it is becoming clear that children and youth can acquire and transmit COVID-19 in school settings and that transmission clusters and outbreaks can be large. We describe the contrasting literature on school transmission, and argue that the apparent discrepancy can be reconciled by heterogeneity, or ``overdispersion'' in transmission, with many exposures yielding little to no risk of onward transmission, but some unfortunate exposures causing sizeable onward transmission. In addition, respiratory viral loads are as high in children and youth as in adults, pre- and asymptomatic transmission occur, and the possibility of aerosol transmission has been established. We use a stochastic individual-based model to find the implications of these combined observations for cluster sizes and control measures. We consider both individual and environment/activity contributions to the transmission rate, as both are known to contribute to variability in transmission. We find that even small heterogeneities in these contributions result in highly variable transmission cluster sizes in the classroom setting, with clusters ranging from 1 to 20 individuals in a class of 25. None of the mitigation protocols we modeled, initiated by a positive test in a symptomatic individual, are able to prevent large transmission clusters unless the transmission rate is low (in which case large clusters do not occur in any case). Among the measures we modeled, only rapid universal monitoring (for example by regular, onsite, pooled testing) accomplished this prevention. We suggest approaches and the rationale for mitigating these ``unfortunate events'', even if they are expected to be rare.
Intestinal-peritoneal Coelioscopy for the Diagnosis of a Mesothelioma in a Pet Chicken

Abstract: An adult female chicken, from a small backyard flock, was presented to the Ontario Veterinary College Avian and Exotics Service for evaluation of dyspnea and recurrent ascites. An antemortem diagnostic evaluation included a coelomocentesis, coelomic ultrasound, and a coelioscopy procedure. A sample of the fluid collected during the coelomocentesis was submitted for analysis and was determined to be a nonspecific modified proteinaceous transudate. The coelomic ultrasound examination identified numerous coalescing fluid-filled and solid nodules throughout the coelom. However, no site of origin of the nodules could be identified. A coelioscopy of the intestinal-peritoneal cavity was performed by a ventral midline approach, and biopsies collected during the procedure were submitted for histologic examination. The pathologic diagnosis of the biopsy samples was a disseminated neoplasia, presumptively coelomic adenocarcinoma. The chicken received palliative treatment which included periodic coelomocentesis, meloxicam, antibiotics, and deslorelin following the diagnosis of a disseminated neoplasia. Three months following initial presentation the patient was euthanatized. A postmortem examination with histopathology confirmed the tissue biopsy results of coelomic neoplasia. Further immunohistochemistry supported mesothelioma as the definitive diagnosis. This case documents the usefulness of intestinal-peritoneal coelioscopy in identifying neoplasia as the cause of ascites in a pet chicken as well as describing the clinical features and progression of a mesothelioma in this species.
Application and Evaluation of Novel Chromatographic Techniques to Detect and Quantitate 108 Pesticides and Metabolites in Muscle Samples From Wild Birds of Prey

Abstract: The application and evaluation of highly efficient chromatographic techniques with tandem mass spectrometry for the detection and quantitation of 108 pesticides and metabolites, some considered persistent organic pollutants, was performed in muscle samples obtained from 25 birds of prey belonging to the families Accipitridae, Falconidae, and Strigidae presented dead in 2013 to Grupo de Rehabilitación de la Fauna Autóctona y su Hábitat, in Madrid, Spain. Pesticides with prohibited use were detected at high concentrations in the muscle samples analyzed. Based on its high sensitivity to detect pesticides in muscle, the described chromatographic techniques with tandem mass spectrometry should be considered an alternative testing methodology to those commonly used for routine application in ecotoxicological forensic research.
Daily evidence from the U . S . ☆

Article history: Received 23 June 2020 Received in revised form 14 September 2020 Accepted 8 October 2020 Available online 22 October 2020 JEL classification: I10 I18 R41 Daily data at the U.S. county level suggest that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths are lower in counties where a higher share of people have stayed in the same county (or travelled less to other counties). This observation is tested formally by using a difference-in-difference design controlling for county-fixed effects and time-fixed effects, where weekly changes in COVID-19 cases or deaths are regressed on weekly changes in the share of people who have stayed in the same county during the previous 14 days. A counterfactual analysis based on the formal estimation results suggests that staying in the same county has the potential of reducing total weekly COVID-19 cases and deaths in the U.S. as much as by 139,503 and by 23,445, respectively.
Do sustainability and transparency influence the decision-making process of the Brazilian investor? A study with business management university students

The literature points out that the disclosure of accounting information is essential for making investment decisions. However, each individual processes the financial information differently to make decisions (HENDRIKSEN; VAN BREDA, 1999). It is argued that is rational to invest in sustainable and transparent enterprises as they tend to perform better (BODHANWALA; BODHANWALA, 2018). Considering this theoretical panorama, this study sought to investigate the possible effects that sustainability and a Bacharel em Administração de Emrpesas pelo Tecnológico de Costa Rica (2016). Mestre em Administração pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (2019). Universidade Federal de Uberlândia -Brasil. E-mail: carr.dannie@gmail.com b Doutora em Administração pelo Centro de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisas em Administração da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (2012), com período sanduíche no Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Mestre em Administração pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (2005). Professora Adjunta na Faculdade de Gestão e Negócios da UniversidadeFederal de Uberlândia, na área de Finanças. Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração (PPGA) da FAGEN/UFU, na Linha Finanças e Controladoria. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brasil. E-mail: fmacielpeixoto@gmail.com c Professor Adjunto da Faculdade de Gestão e Negócios (FAGEN) da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU). Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração (PPGA) da FAGEN/UFU. Coordenador do MBA em Gestão Empresarial da FAGEN/UFU. Doutor em Administração pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), com período sanduíche no Instituto Superior de Gestão e Economia (ISEG) da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (UTL), em Portugal bolsista CAPES. Mestre em Administração pela UFU, MBA em Gestão Estratégica de Marketing pela Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV) e graduado em Administração pela UFU. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brasil. E-mail: andre.fagundes@ufu.br d Doutoranda em Contabilidade Financeira pela Faculdade de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (2018 a 2021). Mestra em Gestão Financeira e Controladoria pela Faculdade de Gestão e Negócios da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (2016). Especialista em Gestão Financeira e Controladoria pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial (2012). Docente na linha de finanças para a Universidade Federal de Uberlândia e para a Faculdade do Trabalho. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brasil. E-mail: claudiamamede@yahoo.com. br Received: 10/05/2019 | Accepted: 28/04/2020 Dannie Delanoy Carr Quirós, Fernanda Maciel Peixoto, André Francisco Alcântara Fagundes, Cláudia Olímpia Neves
Características produtivas de Kinosternon scorpioides nas fases de acasalamento, postura e eclosão, criados em cativeiro na Amazônia

The aim of this article was to study the indexes of mucua (Kinosternon scorpioides) productive characteristics during copulation, egg laying and hatching, in order to provide an adequate management for the sustainability of the activity. 84 couplings, 742 egg laying and 1,979 births in captivity were analyzed, from which we determined the reproductive season and distribution of couplings; coupling duration; the sexual reason; duration of the egg development period (EDP), frequency of multiple egg laying; duration of nesting period; correlation between nesting time and the number of eggs; the number of viable eggs; the correlation between egg number, weight, length and the descriptive analysis for biometric characteristics and egg weight; duration of the incubation period; the season for births; descriptive analyses of hatchling weight, body measurements and the correlation between variables. The reproductive period is seasonal, concentrating couplings during the rainy season, and the average coupling duration was 00:23:00 h, with sexual reason of 2.38 ± 1.67:1. The EPD was 122.98 ± 45.38 days. Nesting distribution showed a climax tendency between the of June and August. The nesting average was 02:57:00h. The egg viability was 20%. The correlation between biometric characteristics, weight, and the number of eggs laid were positive. The egg biometric results were 34.5 mm long and 18 mm wide, with weight of 7.90 g. The incubation period was 129.31 ± 19.57 days, with births concentrating between the months of September and December. All correlations of biometric characteristics with hatching weight were positive.
Radiographic Reference Intervals of the Cardiac Silhouette Width in the Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Abstract: Radiograph imaging is an important diagnostic tool for assessing cardiac size in avian patients. The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalis), once on the United States Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, is now a thriving species in the United States. However, there is surprisingly little information regarding bald eagle cardiac reference values obtained through radiographic imaging for use in assessment of cardiac disease in this species. This study was performed to establish reference values of cardiac size in the bald eagle. Ventrodorsal radiographic images were taken from 9 healthy birds obtained from a raptor rehabilitation facility. Cardiac silhouette width to thorax width, cardiac silhouette width to sternum width, cardiac silhouette width to hepatic silhouette width, and cardiac silhouette width to coracoid width were obtained. Ratios were calculated between the respective areas measured. The results showed that the cardiac silhouette averages 44%–52% of the thoracic width, 71%–86% of the sternal width, 94%–117% of the width of the hepatic silhouette, and 500%–920% of the coracoid width. In the individuals studied there was a strong correlation between cardiac silhouette width to thoracic and sternal width whereas cardiac width with hepatic and coracoid widths had a moderate to weak correlation respectively. The values obtained in this study can be used to radiographically assess the cardiac size of bald eagles, thus aiding in the diagnosis of cardiomegaly in this species.