Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Variation in the Most Common Shade of Anterior Teeth among Malaysian Students: A Cross-sectional Study

Aim: Determination of the most common shade of anterior teeth in Malaysian students of different ethnicities. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 subjects, 40 each from different ethnicities (Malay, Chinese, and Indian) aged 18-22 years were evaluated for tooth shade using the VITA Classical shade guide. The subject was asked to sit in an up-right position with teeth at the clinician’s eye level and the subject was instructed to remove makeup or tinted eyewear which may affect the result. The procedure was done in natural daylight. The shade tabs were positioned adjacent to the maxillary central incisor and the middle 1/3rd of the facial surface was assessed by experts to determine the correct tooth shade. The data was statistically analysed. Results: The differences in tooth shade were seen among the subjects of different ethnicities. The Malay ethnicity has B1 (37%) as the most common tooth shade whereas Chinese has C1 (27%) and Indian C1 (40%). Conclusions: Under the limitation of the study, it was found that there is a relationship between tooth color and ethnic background. Malay students tend to have brighter teeth as compared to Chinese and Indian students. Keywords: Tooth; Incisor; Color; Colorimetry; Ethnicity; Malaysia.
Modulatory effect of Origanum majorana leaves extract against diabetic induced changes in spleen of adult rats

For decades, traditional plant medicines have been utilized to treat diabetes. In traditional medicine, Origanum majorana L. , known as sweet marjoram, is used to cure a variety of illnesses. It belongs to the Lamiaceae family. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the ameliorative and antihyperglycemic effects of O. majorana leaves extract (OMLE) on the splenic tissue of diabetic rats. The following four groups (n=10) of adult male albino rats were divided as; group (Gp1) was used as the negative control. For four weeks, Gp2 had been administered OMLE (20 mg/kg b.wt) orally every day. Streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg b.wt) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.), once, into Gp3 and Gp4. OMLE (20 mg/kg b.wt) was subsequently given orally to Gp4 only daily for four weeks. Blood glucose and insulin levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and white blood cell count (WBCs) were measured. Spleen tissues were investigated histologically. Diabetic rats had a noteworthy increase in blood glucose and MDA levels, accompanied by a noteworthy fall in plasma insulin levels, SOD, and CAT activities, white blood cell count and GSH level (p < 0.01). The findings showed that the spleen tissue of diabetic rats had many histological alterations. The biochemical indicators and histological structure significantly improved when diabetic rats were treated with OMLE. In conclusion, OMLE may have a protective effect and reduce diabetic complications in the spleen tissues of diabetic rats.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Stranded Loggerhead Sea Turtles on the Croatian Adriatic Coast

Simple Summary The Adriatic Sea is a crucial area for sea turtles, with identified hotspots of presence and areas of high risk. This research identifies distinct patterns in seasonal strandings, indicating season-specific abundance and age-specific mortality, particularly in the crucial neritic habitat of the northern Adriatic, whilst emphasizing key areas in Istria, Lošinj, Zadar, and Šibenik. High-density stranding occurrences, linked to factors like population density and tourism, have been observed in these regions. Fishing-induced mortality, collision with vessels, and potential cold stunning emerge as major threats to loggerhead turtles. Post-mortem investigations underscore the age-specific significance of longline fishing gear and vessel collisions in contributing to mortality, emphasizing the need for focused conservation efforts in high-risk areas. Recognizing and addressing mortality hotspots is essential for understanding and mitigating human–turtle interactions in the Adriatic. Abstract This study investigates the spatiotemporal trends of loggerhead turtles along the Croatian Adriatic coast by using stranding data and post-mortem analyses. Information on 620 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), collected in the period between 2010 and 2022, has been analysed. Seasonal stranding variations reveal distinct patterns, indicating season-specific abundance and age-specific mortality in different areas, particularly in the key neritic habitat of the northern Adriatic. The analysis identifies four critical areas in the northeast and central Adriatic showing high stranding densities and provides regional managers with a tool with which to effectively conserve and manage this species. Fishing-induced mortality, collision with vessels, and potential cold stunning are identified as major threats to loggerhead turtles. Post-mortem investigations reveal that longline fishing gear and collisions with vessels are significant age-specific mortality contributors, underscoring the need for targeted conservation efforts in high-risk areas. The study acknowledges potential biases in strandings records but highlights the importance of post-mortem investigations in understanding mortality causes. The findings provide valuable insights for improving conservation strategies, emphasizing the importance of focused surveillance and conservation efforts in identified high-risk locations to mitigate human–turtle interactions.
Shrinking VOD Traffic via Rényi-Entropic Optimal Transport

In response to the exponential surge in Internet Video on Demand (VOD) traffic, numerous research endeavors have concentrated on optimizing and enhancing infrastructure efficiency. In contrast, this paper explores whether users' demand patterns can be shaped to reduce the pressure on infrastructure. Our main idea is to design a mechanism that alters the distribution of user requests to another distribution which is much more cache-efficient, but still remains 'close enough' (in the sense of cost) to fulfil each individual user's preference. To quantify the cache footprint of VOD traffic, we propose a novel application of Rényi entropy as its proxy, capturing the 'richness' (the number of distinct videos or cache size) and the 'evenness' (the relative popularity of video accesses) of the on-demand video distribution. We then demonstrate how to decrease this metric by formulating a problem drawing on the mathematical theory of optimal transport (OT). Additionally, we establish a key equivalence theorem: minimizing Rényi entropy corresponds to maximizing soft cache hit ratio (SCHR) --- a variant of cache hit ratio allowing similarity-based video substitutions. Evaluation on a real-world, city-scale video viewing dataset reveals a remarkable 83% reduction in cache size (associated with VOD caching traffic). Crucially, in alignment with the above-mentioned equivalence theorem, our approach yields a significant uplift to SCHR, achieving close to 100%.
Estimation of permeability of soil using easy measured soil parameters: assessing the artificial intelligence-based models

ABSTRACT In this study, the support vector machine (SVM) technique was used to estimate the permeability of the soil. The performance of SVM model was equated with another type of artificial intelligence techniques such as Gaussian process (GP), random forest (RF) and multi-linear regression (MLR)-based models. While a GP, RF, and MLR model gives a good estimation performance, the SVM model outperforms them. Two kernel functions, Pearson VII and radial basis kernel function, were used in SVM and GP regression models. For this study, a data set contaning 95 observations collected from laboratory experiments. Out of 95, a total of 66 data sets were selected for preparing different algorithms whereas rest 29 data sets were selected to test the models. Input variables include percentage of sand (S), percentage of fly ash (Fa), specific gravity (G), time (T) and head (H), whereas coefficient of permeability (k) is considered as output. A comparison was also done with the various study, which shows poor relationship between the values of permeability. Sensitivity analysis concludes that the parameter, time and water head are the most effective parameters for the estimation of permeability of soil.
‘Out of pipe’ dewatering of thickened tailings during deposition

One of the challenges and opportunities in managing the deposition of surface deposited thickened tailings is the potential for a change in the rheological properties after they exit the pipe during deposition. As tailings flow away from the deposition point, for a slow enough flow, there may be sufficient time for water loss due to “bleeding” and possibly capillary action by underlying desiccated tailings. This was studied using single and multilayer tests in a flume, in which tailings were deposited at a variety of flow rates. Changes in the rheological properties were evaluated by fitting the lubrication theory equations (Henriquez and Simms 2009; Liu and Mei, 1989) to equilibrium profiles. The rheological properties of the tailings were characterised using slump tests and a vane rheometer. The geometry of the flows was visualised using high speed cameras. The water flux out of the flowing tailings into underlying desiccated tailings was tracked using tensiometers installed in the bottom layer. Preliminary results indicate that the yield stress can substantially increase while the tailings are still flowing by both settling and capillary action into underlying desiccated tailings.
Variability in surface rupture between successive earthquakes on the Suusamyr Fault, Kyrgyz Tien Shan: implications for palaeoseismology

Interpretation of surface fault scarps and palaeoseismic trenches is a key component of estimating fault slip rates, earthquake recurrence rates and maximum magnitudes for hazard assessments. Often these analyses rely on the assumption that successive earthquakes all breached the surface and that the ruptures are recorded topographically, or by the deposits exposed in a trench. The M w 7.2 1992 Suusamyr earthquake, Kyrgyzstan, is an apparently problematic case for such analyses because its ruptures show signiﬁcant displacement but are only mapped as having broken the surface along small, disparate portions of the fault. Here we present the results of surveys conducted along the Suusamyr Fault to establish whether that is the case. Two sets of ruptures were identiﬁed following the earthquake. They are unusually short for their displacement and are separated by a 25 km gap. Using satellite imagery, high-resolution digital elevation models and palaeoseismic trenching we ﬁrst reassess the distribution of the 1992 ruptures and then reconstruct the Holocene earthquake record to establish the extent to which the 1992 earthquake is representative of the rupture behaviour of this fault. We ﬁnd evidence for at least two prehistoric surface rupturing earthquakes in the Holocene: one ∼ 3 ka and one > 8 ka that, along with the modern event, gives recurrence intervals of ∼ 3 kyr and ∼ 5 kyr. Within spatial gaps between segments of the 1992 ruptures there are clear prehistoric surface ruptures and the ruptures in each prehistoric earthquake were discontinuous. We conclude that there is signiﬁcant variability in the surface rupture pattern of successive earthquakes on the Suusamyr Fault, with implications for the completeness of palaeoseismic records obtained from thrust scarps.
Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus among Medical Students in Suez, Egypt

Background: Healthcare professionals, particularly the younger medical students, can be very helpful in advising patients on how to prevent or treat human papilloma virus (HPV)-related cervical cancer (CC). However, it is frequently noted that medical students, who provide first-line support for managing patients, have a poor awareness of CC and HPV. Objective: To evaluate medical students' awareness and knowledge on cervical cancer by testing their understanding of clinical diagnosis and screening, risk factors, human papilloma virus, and other related topics in Suez, Egypt. The purpose of the study is to shed light on how this information might improve community awareness of cervical cancer. Subjects and Methods : An organized online survey was used to conduct an observational cross-sectional study on people's knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer. 92 medical students from Suez University participated in the study. Results : Of the total, 81.5% of the students were aware of the connection between the human papilloma virus and its role in cervical cancer; 93.5% knew it is sexually transmitted; 87.0% knew an HPV infection may not cause any symptom; 87.0% had heard of an HPV vaccine; and 41.3% believed that girls as young as 15 years old could receive it. Conclusion : An acceptable degree of awareness and understanding regarding HPV, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccine was found in our study. We discovered that increasing knowledge of the etiology of cervical neoplasia, the availability of the HPV vaccine, and its preventive efficacy is positively impacted by medical education.
Impact of Workplace Bullying on Employee Intentions to Leave and Mediating Role of Employee Engagement: Banking Sector of Pakistan

Employee intentions to leave may entail expensive consequences for the organization. This study examined the mediating impact of employee engagement on the relationship between workplace bullying and employee intentions to leave. This study adopts a quantitative approach to find the relationship between variables. The data was collected from the banking sector of Pakistan through a random sampling technique using a self-administered questionnaire where 350 was the sample. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis showed that employee engagement substantially mediates the relationship between workplace bullying and the intention to leave the organization. However, workplace bullying and the intention to leave the organization are positively associated. The results were integrated from a conservation of resources perspective and recommendations for practice were made.
The Role of Product Visual Appeal and Sale Promotion Program on Consumer Impulsive Buying Behavior

The study aims at investigating the impact on relationships among visual appeals of products, sales promotion programs, and instant gratification factors on consumers’ impulsive buying behavior. The study comprises two stages using both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In detail, qualitative research is applied in the first stage to explore the factors that might influence consumers' online impulsive buying behavior and examine the relationship among the factors. The quantitative research is conducted in Vietnam. The 362 Vietnam-collected valid questionnaires were analyzed using Cronbach alpha, exploring factor analysis (EFA), confirmed factor analysis (CFA), and structural equal model (SEM) to check the measurement values and test the proposed hypotheses. The result shows that product visual appeal and sales promotion programs have a positive impact on instant gratification factors and impulsive buying behaviors. Moreover, the research proved the direct influence of instant gratification factors on consumers’ impulsive buying behavior. The findings contribute to expanding measured values and provide several suggested solutions for the practical management of business strategy. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-021 Full Text: PDF
Three essays on the economic impact of natural disasters

Les desastres naturels ont des consequences particulierement devastatrices dans les pays en developpement ou les individus sont hautement vulnerables et les institutions inefficaces. Neanmoins, leurs impacts sur le bien etre des menages et le role des autorites publiques restent encore mal compris. En outre, alors que la plupart des etudes se focalisent sur le risque climatique, les desastres geologiques, et les eruptions volcaniques en particulier, restent peu etudies. Pourtant, meme si elles representent une fraction marginale des desastres naturels au niveau mondial, les eruptions volcaniques sont une menace majeure dans certains pays tels que l’Indonesie ou l’Equateur. La presente these tente donc de contribuer a la litterature a travers trois essais empiriques traitant de l’effet a long terme du risque volcanique sur l’accumulation de capital des menages, de l’impact d’une eruption sur le capital social ainsi que du role des autorites publiques dans les decisions de migration.
Understanding the functional role of large benthic foraminifera on coral reefs in a changing climate

1 Chapter 1 General Introduction Fate of calcifying tropical symbiontbearing large benthic foraminifera: Living sands in a changing ocean. 6 1.1 Effects of climate change on the world’s oceans . 6 1.2 Foraminifera as carbon sinks . 7 1.3 Methodology for meta-analysis . 9 1.4 Effects of ocean acidification on LBFs . 9 1.4. 1 Methodology of ocean acidification response studies . 9 1.4. 2 Calcification . 10 1.4. 3 Dissolution . 12 1.4. 4 Photosynthesis . 13 1.4. 5 Key issues unsolved: contrasting calcification responses between hyaline and porcelaneous taxa . 15 1.5 Ocean warming . 16 1.5. 1 Short-term experimental findings (5 hours – 6 days) . 16 1.5. 2 Longer-term experimental findings (3 – 6 weeks) . 18 1.5. 3 Field observations of warming impacts . 18 1.6 Insights of multiple-stressor experiments on LBF physiology . 19 1.7 The role of algal substrata in LBF resilience . 20 1.8 Carbonate contribution of LBFs to coral reef sediments and potential alteration of reef carbonate budgets due to climate change . 21 1.9 Conclusions . 24 1.10 Key organisms in this thesis . 24 1.10. 1 Marginopora vertebralis . 24 1.10. 2 Other large benthic foraminifera . 25 1.10. 3 Halimeda tuna . 26 1.10. 4 Laurencia intricata . 26 1.11 Thesis Outline . 27 1.11 Appendices . 29
The WRF Simulation Influence of Assimilating GNSS Water Vapor and Parameterization Schemes on Typhoon Rumbia

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to simulate Typhoon Rumbia in this paper. The sensitivity experiments were conducted with 16 different parameterization combination schemes, including four microphysics (WSM6, WSM5, Lin, and Thompson), two boundary layers (YSU and MYJ), and two cumulus convection (Kain–Fritsch and Grell–Freitas) schemes. The impacts of 16 parameterization combination schemes and the data assimilation (DA) of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) water vapor were evaluated by the simulation accuracy of typhoon track and intensity. The results show that the typhoon track and intensity are significantly influenced by parameterization schemes of cumulus and boundary layers rather than microphysics. The averaged track error of Lin_KF_Y is 104.73 km in the entire 72-h simulation period. The track errors of all the other combination schemes are higher than Lin_KF_Y. During the entire 72-h, the averaged intensity error of Thompson_GF_M is 1.36 hPa. It is the lowest among all the combination schemes. As for data assimilation, the simulation accuracy of typhoon tracks can be significantly improved by adding the GNSS water vapor. Thompson_GF_M-DA combination scheme has the lowest average track error of 45.05 km in the initial 24 h. The Lin_KF_Y-DA combination scheme exhibits an average track error of 32.17 km on the second day, 28.03 km on the third day, and 35.33 km during 72-h. The study shows that the combination of parameterization schemes and the GNSS water vapor data assimilation significantly improve the initial conditions and the accuracy of typhoon predictions. The study results contribute to the selection of appropriate combinations of physical parameterization schemes for the WRF-ARW model in the mid-latitude region of the western Pacific coast.
EFFECT OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT ON NURSES TURNOVER
INTENTION IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN PLATEAU STATE

This research sought to establish the impact of perceived organizational support dimensions on nurses’ turnover intention in public hospitals in Plateau State as the study setting. Data were collected through a questionnaire from the three public hospital nurses, consisting of 318 respondents. A survey design was applied to 318 nurses from the public hospitals in Plateau State. The result showed that an employee’s welfare is significantly associated with turnover intention; an employee’s career development is significantly associated with turnover intention; role clarity is significantly associated with turnover intention; and employee recognition is significantly associated with turnover intention. This study is significant as it provides a better understanding of the reasons that lead nurses to consider leaving the organization where they work and the difference between nursing professionals in public hospitals.
Mediating Character of Commitment between Brand Image and Customer Loyalty: A Study of Banking Sector of Pakistan

This paper attempts to inspect the mediating role of commitment in enhancing customer loyalty and to explore the impact of brand image on commitment, and ultimately toward customer loyalty. Survey method is employed in this study. Questionnaires were distributed to 450 respondents who have a personal bank account in any commercial bank of Pakistan. Out of 450 questionnaires distributed, 379 valid responses are analyzed in the study. The findings of the study revealed that existence of commitment enhances the impact of brand image on the loyalty of the customer. The findings of the study are useful for the marketing departments of financial institutions e.g. commercial banks so they can understand the role of building bank image to enhance customer loyalty. It is recommended that marketing strategies of the bank should focus on improving their brand image which in turn will lead to the higher customer loyalty. Banks in Pakistan may target establishing their bank image via offering range of services and their service quality so that they can ensure loyal customer that can ultimately enhance their profitability.
Coloring complex shapes decreases patient anxiety in three care environments: a pilot study with color analysis

Introduction This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of coloring activity of circular symmetrical shape with complex patterns, so-called mandala, on anxiety associated with chronic illness in three different ambulatory medical situations (general consultation, psychiatric day hospital, and hemodialysis session). Methods Thirty patients were included in three groups and came from three different ambulatory medical situations: a hemodialysis group (n = 10), a psychiatric day hospital group (n = 10), and a nephrology consultation group (n = 10). We asked the patients to fill STAI-S and STAI-T questionnaires before to color complex circular shape with complex patterns, then to fill the STAI-S questionnaire again and a questionnaire on the experience of the activity. Results The results show that the STAI-S score was significantly lower after coloring for the hemodialysis (p = 0.02) and psychiatric groups (p = 0.005) but not for the general consultation group (p = 0.26). STAI-T scores did not differ between groups. The distribution of colors in the mandala was different in the three groups of patients. A positive subjective experience of the activity was found in all groups. Discussion These results show the effectiveness of a coloring activity of a circular shape with complex patterns on anxiety associated with chronic illness in care environment. The different distribution of the colors of the mandala in the three groups raises the question of the influence of the context on the mood of the patients and the deeper meaning of the choice of colors and their placement in the mandala. Our study reinforces the multiple applications of art activities in different medical disciplines and encourages their development within healthcare settings.