Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental testing of fly ash containing recycled aggregate concrete exposed to high temperatures

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of experimental studies which were carried out to investigate residual properties of heat-treated concrete mixes made with recycled aggregates by adding fly ash. Mixes made with natural aggregates were used as control mixes. Concrete cylinders made of both types of mixes were employed in the experimental programme. The cylinders were heat treated at temperature varying from 100°C to 1000°C in increments of 100°C and were tested in compression and tension to determine their respective residual strengths. The residual strengths of both types of mixes followed a similar pattern of reduction at higher temperature exposure. The residual compressive stress and elastic modulus became nearly 15% at 900°C and 700°C, respectively. A slightly higher mass loss was observed in RAC mixes due to the use of recycled aggregates which contained more free water and sustained larger thermal deformation on heating at high temperatures.
NUTRITION BEHAVIORS OF ADULTS TRAINING UNPROFESSIONALLY LONG - DISTANCE RUNNING WITH RESPECT TO THE NUTRITIONAL RECOMMENDATION FOR PEOPLE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE

Wstęp. Bie gi dłu go dy stan so we za li cza się do dys cy plin wy trzy ma ło ścio wych, w któ rych wła ści wie zbi lan so wa na die ta po pra wia wy dol ność or ga ni zmu, zwięk sza ma sę i si łę mię śnio wą, a ta kże przy spie sza po wrót or ga ni zmu do sta nu ho me osta zy po wzmo żo nym wy sił ku fi zycz nym. Ce lem ba da nia by ła ana li za i oce na za cho wań ży wie nio wych do ro słych osób ama tor sko tre nu ją cych bie gi dłu go dy stan so we w od nie sie niu do za le ceń ży wie nio wych dla osób ak tyw nych fi zycz nie. Ma te riał i me to dy. W ba da niu wzię ły udział 54 oso by z Czę sto cho wy i oko lic,w tym 22 ko bie ty i 32 mę żczyzn w wie ku 20-60 lat, ama tor sko tre nu ją ce bie gi dłu go dy stan so we. Za cho wa nia ży wie nio we oce nio no wy ko rzy stu jąc au tor ski kwe stio na riusz an kie ty. Wy ni ki. 56% ba da nych ostat ni po si łek spo ży wa ło na 1-2 go dzi ny przed wy sił kiem, na to miast 67% pierw szy po si łek po tre nin gu przyj mo wa ło w cią gu 30 mi nut. 52% osób pod czas wy sił ku wy pi ja ło po ni żej 100 ml pły nów. Naj czę ściej by ła to wo da. 57% ba da nych de kla ro wa ło, że spo ży wa 4-5 po sił ków dzien nie, a 56% że po sił ki te są re gu lar ne. 26% ba da nych przy zna ło, że przyj mu je su ple men ty, naj czę ściej są to kom plek sy wi ta mi no wo -mi ne ral ne. Wnio ski. Za cho wa nia ży wie nio we osób ama tor sko tre nu ją cych bie gi dłu go dy stan so we nie są zgod ne z za le ce nia mi dla osób ak tyw nych fi zycz nie. Bie ga cze przyj mu ją zbyt ma łe ilo ści pły nów w sto sun ku do po dej mo wa ne go wy sił ku fi zycz ne go oraz zbyt rzad ko spo ży wa ją ry by w od nie sie niu do za le ceń dla osób ak tyw nych fi zycz nie. Nie pra wi dło wo ści mo żna za uwa żyć rów nież w ilo ści przyj mo wa nych pły nów, szcze gól nie w trak cie tre nin gu. Za le ca się wpro wa dze nie edu ka cji ży wie nio wej wśród osób ama tor sko tre nu ją cych bie gi dłu go dy stan so we.
A ictiofauna do interflúvio Purus-Madeira e os fatores estruturantes em múltiplas escalas

O objetivo desta tese foi ampliar o nivel de conhecimento sobre a fauna de peixes de riacho do interfluvio Purus-Madeira e compreender quais os principais gradientes ecologicos que atuam na estruturacao das assembleias, incorporando tanto escalas espaciais quanto temporais. No primeiro capitulo nos apresentamos uma lista de ocorrencia dos peixes de riacho do interfluvio Purus-Madeira, construida a partir de novas expedicoes as drenagens de dificil acesso e tambem atraves da incorporacao dos registros previamente listados para a regiao. A lista final foi composta por 184 especies, das quais 43 foram apenas coletadas na nossa amostragem e cinco generos representam novos registros para a bacia do rio Madeira. O numero de especies registradas e maior do que aqueles usualmente encontrados em outros estudos de riachos na Amazonia e sugere que a regiao abriga uma biodiversidade cujos fatores estruturantes ainda precisam ser melhor compreendidos. No segundo capitulo nos buscamos compreender como os padroes de diversidade taxonomica e funcional das assembleias de peixes de riacho sao influenciados por variaveis locais e da paisagem. Nossos resultados mostram que em amplas escalas geograficas, a distância aos grandes rios e mais importante que a distância por agua e que as condicoes ambientais na determinacao de dissimilaridade taxonomica e funcional de assembleias e que riachos mais isolados tendem a ter menos especies e menos diversidade funcional. No terceiro capitulo, nos analisamos a variacao interanual da composicao das assembleias de peixes de 11 riachos intermitentes do interfluvio Purus-Madeira. A composicao das assembleias foi bastante variavel entre anos, entretanto os riachos mais conectados com a planicie de inundacao apresentaram assembleias mais estaveis e compartilharam mais especies entre anos, enquanto que as assembleias mais afastadas apresentam alta substituicao de especies ao longo do periodo analisado. Nossos resultados sao um indicio de que essas assembleias sao estruturadas tanto por processos estocasticos de dispersao e extincao local, quanto pela influencia das dinâmicas de recrutamento da planicie de inundacao.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TERHADAPKEPATUHAN PELAYANAN RUJUKAN ANTENATAL CAREPADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN KASUS PREEKLAMPSIA BERATDAN EKLAMPSIA

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia are the highest cause of maternal and infant’s death especially in developing country. Death by eclampsia increased more significantly than severe preeclampsia. The prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia varies in every country. A few affecting factors are pregnant women’s lack of knowledge, lack of Antenatal Care (ANC), diabetes mellitus, hidramnion, gemeli, and old age (>35 years old). Aims: Determining the effect of knowledge with antenatal care referral system obedience in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia cases in Semarang’s pregnant women. Method: Analytical observation with cross-sectional approach to pregnant women by houses and wards visit. Results: From 50 respondents, 18 respondents (36%) had the awareness towards good pregnancy and affecting the antenatal care referral system obedience significantly, 14 respondents (28%) had enough knowledge, and 18 respondents (36%) had low awareness towards good pregnancy. P value of p 0,05 was acquired from Spearman test using SPSS v.15 for windows. Conclusions: Level of awareness affects antenatal care referral system obedience in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. Key Word: Antenatal care, preeclampsia, knowledge, and eclampsia
Effectiveness of the strengthening of pelvic floor muscles, adductors of hip, gluteus maximus and gluteus medius in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: blind randomized clinical trial – partial results

Hypothesis / aims of study The strengthening of pelvic floor muscles (PFM) is recommended as first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), with the level A of scientific evidence. However, the relation between function and biomechanics of the hip muscles and the pelvic floor in the treatment of SUI has not been much discussed. The aim of this study is to assess whether the strengthening of PFM, hip adductor muscles, gluteus maximus and gluteus medius reduces the frequency of urinary losses more effectively than the isolated strengthening of PFM.
Electrical Defect State Distribution in Single Crystal ZnO Schottky Barrier Diodes

The characterization of defect states in a hydrothermally grown single crystal of ZnO was performed using deep-level transient spectroscopy in the temperature range of 77–340 K. The native intrinsic defect energy level within the ZnO band gap occurred in the depletion region of ZnO Schottky barrier diodes. A major defect level was observed, with a thermal activation energy of 0.27 eV (E3) within the defect state distribution from 0.1 to 0.57 eV below the conduction band minimum. We confirmed the maximum defect concentration to be 3.66 × 1016 cm−3 at 0.27 eV (E3). As a result, we clearly confirmed the distribution of density of defect states in the ZnO band gap.
“I am very critical of my body, but I am not a worthless person”: A qualitative investigation of internalized weight stigma in Denmark

Aim The aim of this study was to explore how two of the main dimensions of internalized weight stigma (IWS), namely weight-related self-devaluation and distress, play out in the lives of people with excess weight (EW), and to study whether there are further dimensions of IWS. Method Ten informants with EW were included in this study. The sample size was determined prior to data collection based on available resources at the time of data collection. All informants both participated in in-depth interviews and responded to the questionnaire WBIS-2F consisting of the two subscales: weight-related self-devaluation and distress. The interview accounts were thematically coded and compared with the informants’ scoring on WBIS-2F. Findings Seven themes were identified from the in-depth interviews: (1) devaluation of competencies, (2) self-blame, (3) bodily devaluation, (4) ambivalence, (5) anticipated stigma, (6) coping strategies, and (7) mental well-being. Overall, the informants scored low on the WBIS-2F subscale weight-related self-devaluation and high on the subscale weight-related distress. The qualitative findings echo the informants’ scoring on WBIS-2F. However, novel aspects of IWS not covered by WBIS-2F were also identified. In particular, bodily devaluation presented itself as an integral part of IWS. Conclusion The two current dimensions of WBIS-2F were retrieved, but important additional aspects of IWS were also identified. Future research is needed to evaluate and test both qualitatively and quantitatively whether the additional aspects of IWS identified in this exploratory examination are separate constructs of IWS.
Optimizing Sensor Configurations for the Detection of Slow‐Slip Earthquakes in Seafloor Pressure Records, Using the Cascadia Subduction Zone as a Case Study

We present seafloor pressure records from the Cascadia Subduction Zone, alongside oceanographic and geophysical models, to evaluate the spatial uniformity of bottom pressure and optimize the geometry of sensor networks for resolving offshore slow‐slip transients. Seafloor pressure records from 2011 to 2015 show that signal amplitudes are depth‐dependent, with tidally filtered and detrended root‐mean‐squares of <2 cm on the abyssal plain and >6 cm on the continental shelf. This is consistent with bottom pressure predictions from circulation models and comparable to deformation amplitudes from offshore slow slip observed in other subduction zones. We show that the oceanographic component of seafloor pressure can be reduced to ≤1‐cm root‐mean‐square by differencing against a reference record from a similar depth, under restrictions that vary with depth. Instruments at 100–250 m require depths matched within 10 m at separations of <100 km, while locations deeper than 1,400 m are broadly comparable over separations of at least 300 km. Despite the significant noise reduction from this method, no slow slip was identified in the dataset, possibly due to poor spatiotemporal instrument coverage, nonideal deployment geometry, and limited depth‐matched instruments. We use forward predictions of deformation from elastic half‐space models and hindcast pressure from circulation models to generate synthetic slow‐slip observational records and show that a range of slip scenarios produce resolvable signals under depth‐matched differencing. For future detection of offshore slow slip in Cascadia, we recommend a geometry in which instruments are deployed along isobaths to optimize corrections for oceanographic signals.
Tracking Selective Rehearsal and Active Inhibition of Memory Traces in Directed Forgetting

Selectively remembering or forgetting newly encountered information is essential for goal-directed behavior. It is still an open question, however, whether intentional forgetting is an active process based on the inhibition of unwanted memory traces or whether it occurs passively through reduced recruitment of selective rehearsal [1,2]. Here we show that intentional control of memory encoding relies on both, enhanced active inhibition and decreased selective rehearsal, and that these two processes can be separated in time and space. We applied representational similarity analysis (RSA [3]) and timefrequency analysis to EEG data during an item-method directed forgetting experiment [4]. We identified neural signatures of both the intentional suppression and the voluntary upregulation of item-specific representations. Successful active forgetting was associated with a downregulation of item-specific representations in an early time window, 500ms after the instruction. This process was initiated by an increase in oscillatory alpha (8-13 Hz) power, a well-established signature of neural inhibition [5,6], in occipital brain areas. During a later time window, 1500ms after the cue, intentional forgetting was associated with reduced employment of active rehearsal processes, as reflected by an attenuated upregulation of item-specific representations as compared to intentionally encoded items. Our data show that active inhibition and selective rehearsal are two separate mechanisms whose consecutive employment allows for a voluntary control of memory formation.
Analysis of the performance of a new developed shear stress transport model in a turbulent impinging jet flow

In this work, a developed Shear Stress Transport (SST) model has been used for numerically simulating the problem of turbulent round jet impingement heat transfer. Based on the cross-diffusion correction activated in the logarithmic and wake parts of a region by using a blending function in the destruction term of turbulent kinetic energy k, the developed SST model is capable of recovering the effect of the pressure gradient ignored by the standard SST model. Also, the Kato-Launder model is added in the production term of k to consider the stagnating flows. The developed model has been investigated for turbulent round jets with the nozzle-plate spacing of 2, 4, and 6. The model is verified by comparing with the measurements and the results of the standard SST model, the SST with low-Re model, the Launder and Sharma model with the Yap model, the k-ω model, and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large eddy simulation model. Comparing with other referred methods, the developed model obtains accurate prediction in terms of velocity and pressure. As for heat transfer, it also possesses appropriate performance. Moreover, the developed model is sensitive to the pressure gradient, which helps the model be capable of reproducing accurate flow structures. By using the present model, it has been found that the velocity profiles are dominated by the turbulent kinetic energy away from walls. Meanwhile, the results show that the inner peak of heat transfer is connected with the radial pressure gradient at the stagnation point.In this work, a developed Shear Stress Transport (SST) model has been used for numerically simulating the problem of turbulent round jet impingement heat transfer. Based on the cross-diffusion correction activated in the logarithmic and wake parts of a region by using a blending function in the destruction term of turbulent kinetic energy k, the developed SST model is capable of recovering the effect of the pressure gradient ignored by the standard SST model. Also, the Kato-Launder model is added in the production term of k to consider the stagnating flows. The developed model has been investigated for turbulent round jets with the nozzle-plate spacing of 2, 4, and 6. The model is verified by comparing with the measurements and the results of the standard SST model, the SST with low-Re model, the Launder and Sharma model with the Yap model, the k-ω model, and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large eddy simulation model. Comparing with other referred methods, the developed model obtains accurate predict.
Ethical concerns in the debate about pediatric vaccinations, with special reference to MMR (Mumps, Measles and Rubella)

This dissertation examines the ethical aspects of vaccination in children by focusing on vaccination against measles using the MMR vaccine. Applying a principlist ethical framework to the relevant medical and scientific facts, I articulate two ethical principles or action guides that can be used to formulate obligations resting on persons or institutions, as well as to guide measles vaccination policy. These ethical action guides are: (1) All children eligible for measles vaccination should be vaccinated against measles, at least to the point of sustained measles elimination. (2) Respect for parental decision-making and the parent-child relationship guide the response to parental vaccine refusals. Ethical action guide (1) describes the obligations of those who stand in significant relationships with children and of the just society – to protect children against measles using vaccination. Action guide (2) guides the individual and societal response to vaccine refusal, describing morally important considerations that should be kept in mind when responding to vaccine refusal. The dissertation proceeds as follows. First, the introductory chapter examines ethical tensions regarding measles vaccination in children, and identifies some deficiencies in the existing literature. Next, two chapters provide an overview of the scientific and medical facts regarding measles and MMR vaccination. Third, the principlist framework of Beauchamp and Childress is defended as an appropriate ethical framework for analysis of the problematic. Fourth, the individual case of measles vaccination is considered, using a medical decision-making framework based in the principlist approach. Fifth, the obligations of the just society with regards to measles vaccination is considered, using different conceptions of justice in turn. In the last section of this work, it is argued that action guides (1) and (2) bring all four principles into balance, a state of reflective equilibrium, and various ethical obligations and policy suggestions are derived from these two action guides. Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
Perceptions of a culturally responsive school-based oral language and early literacy programme

Abstract ‘Sounds, Words, Aboriginal Language and Yarning’ (SWAY) is a school-based oral language and early literacy programme based on Australian Aboriginal stories, knowledge and culture. It was developed by a multidisciplinary team in collaboration with Australian Aboriginal community members. SWAY aims to strengthen and support the communication skills of educators to facilitate language and literacy development of children in the early school years, particularly Australian Aboriginal children, within rural communities in New South Wales. Key features of SWAY include capacity building of educators and small group speech-language pathology intervention sessions, delivered remotely via telehealth. This study explored educator perceptions of SWAY training, mentoring and implementation, using a mixed methods approach. Findings revealed: use of culturally responsive strategies; positive educator perceptions of the SWAY programme, training and mentoring and positive changes to the confidence and behaviours of educators both supporting language and early literacy development, and embedding Australian Aboriginal perspectives in the classroom. Positive findings support and encourage the ongoing provision of SWAY. Findings also have implications for the future collaborative development and implementation of culturally responsive language and literacy programmes.
Respiratory and auditory health disorders among workers in a plastic factory (industrial zone, Queisna City, Menoufia Governorate)

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate auditory and respiratory health disorders among Egyptian workers in a plastic industry as well as assess the workplace environment in the same factory. Background The common health hazards associated with plastic manufacturing processes include noise, and exposure to respirable airborne particulates, especially polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and styrene, that lead to occupationally induced hearing loss and chronic effects such as decreased pulmonary function and lung disease. Participants and methods A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in 180 workers in a plastic factory in Queisna City, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt, and in 60 nonoccupationally exposed individuals, who served as the control group. An environmental study of dust, fumes, and noise levels was carried out. Spirometric measurements were taken and air conduction audiometric examination was performed. Results The mean values of PVC, styrene concentrations, and noise levels are higher than the national and international permissible levels. Plastic factory workers had a highly significant prevalence of chest and auditory manifestations as well as deteriorated spirometric measurements and abnormal audiometric findings. Conclusion Exposure to a high level of PVC, styrene, and noise is implicated in the increase in frequency of chest manifestations, early spirometric changes, and occupationally induced hearing loss. Use of an automated plastic grinding machine to decrease the exposure to dust as well as use of good-quality personal protective equipment, especially masks and ear mufflers, is recommended.
Effects on the plant stem arrangement onsediment transport capacity of croplands

Vegetation effectively prevents soil erosion; however, little information is available on the effects of plant stems on sediment transport capacity. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of plant stem arrangement patterns on sediment transport capacity and to quantify this relationship. Artificial plant stems (stem diameter, 0.01 m) were arranged in five patterns: tessellated, random, bead, zigzag, and banding. Two discharges, two slope gradients, and two plant basal cover conditions were used to conduct flume experiments. Results revealed that plant stem arrangement affected flow regime, hydraulic parameters, hydrological connectivity, and sediment transport capacity. The structural index of connectivity (i.e., the index of sediment connectivity) and the functional index of connectivity (i.e., flow velocity) were used to quantify the effects of plant stem arrangement on sediment transport capacity. The latter exhibited a significant linear function with hydraulic parameters, including flow velocity (p < .05). Unit stream power had the greatest adjusted R2 value and provided the best estimation of sediment transport capacity. Plant stem arrangement did not affect the relationship between sediment transport capacity and hydraulic parameters. These results are helpful and will enhance our predictions of different plant stem arrangement effects on sediment transport capacity.