Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimisation du procédé d’hydrolyse enzymatique appliqué à l’extraction du pigment rouge, la R-phycoérythrine à partir de Mastocarpus stellatus et Gracilaria gracilis

Mastocarpus stellatus et Gracilaria gracilis sont des algues rouges presentes a la fois sur les cotes atlantiques francaises et vietnamiennes. Elles constituent une biomasse disponible et valorisable au travers de leur pigment la R-PE. L’objectif de ce travail est d’une part d’acquerir des connaissances sur la composition biochimique de ces macroalgues et d’autre part d’optimiser les parametres d’extraction de la R-PE a partir de ces deux modeles d’etude. Ainsi, deux methodes d’extraction ont ete mises en œuvre: la maceration classique (eau, tampon) et l’extraction assistee par enzyme (cellulase, xylanase, B-glucanase). Le pretraitement de l’algue a aussi ete etudie. Les meilleurs rendements d’extraction de la R-PE ont ete obtenus a partir des algues lyophilisees et cryobroyees en mettant en œuvre le genie enzymatique. L’utilisation des plans d’experience utilisant la methodologie des surfaces de reponse ont permis d’optimiser les conditions d’hydrolyse (temperature, pH, rapport E/S). L’enzyme ainsi que les conditions d’hydrolyse different selon l’espece. Parallelement, un protocole de purification par chromatographie echangeuse d’anions a permis d’obtenir un pigment concentre et purifie (IP = 3,25) a partir d’un extrait de Gracilaria gracilis.
Gender, Sense of Power, and Desire to Lead: Why Women Don’t “Lean In” to Apply to Leadership Groups That Are Majority-Male

We investigated why women may have lower desires and intentions to apply to become a member of a leadership group (i.e., committee) than men when the majority of its members are men. In four studies, we examined the interaction between gender and gender composition of the leadership group on leader candidates’ sense of power, desire to lead, and intentions to apply to become a member of a leadership group. Informed by research on gender, perceived power, and the model of goal-directed behavior, we found that women, compared to men, expected lower sense of power when considering applying to a majority-male (vs. gender-balanced) online leadership committee (Study 1A, N = 294; Study 1B, N = 278). This pattern observed for women in majority-male leadership committees was not, however, evident for men in majority female leadership committees (Study 2, N = 560). Furthermore, women’s lower sense of power explained why they expressed lower desires to lead and intentions to apply for a majority-male leadership committee compared to men. Finally, we found that increasing women’s sense of power increased their desires and intentions to lead in a majority-male committee (Study 3, N = 460). We contribute to understanding why there still exists a discrepancy in the number of men versus women in leadership groups despite ongoing efforts to reduce it. We hope readers will apply these findings by identifying ways to increase women leader candidates’ sense of power in order to increase women’s representation on leadership committees and groups (e.g., boards). Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub. com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684320939065
Effects of Aggressive Movies on Children’s Aggressive Behaviour

This study was about effects of aggressive movies on children‟s aggressive behaviour. Forty (40) pupils were randomly selected from Korle Abansoro Primary School, Koforidua, Eastern Ghana, to participate in the study. An adapted version of peer nomination instrument for aggression designed by Crick & Grotpeter in 1995 was used to acquire the data. Half the participants watched an aggressive movie while the other half watched non-aggressive movie for thirty minutes each after which the participants were assessed using the aggressive behavioral checklist or scale. The independent „t‟ test was used to analyze the results. Two of the hypotheses were confirmed while the other two were rejected. This indicated that children who watched an aggressive movie exhibited more aggressive behavior than children who watched non-aggressive movie and males were not more aggressive than females. Two of the findings were consistent with previous findings. The implication of these results was discussed.
Subjective well-being in university students: what are the impacts of procrastination and attachment styles?

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of attachment styles and academic procrastination on subjective well-being in university students. In line with the causal research design, the sample consisted of 733 university students, 513 female and 220 male. The Subjective Well-Being Scale, the Academic Procrastination Scale, the Relationship Scales Questionnaire and a Personal Information Form were used for data collection. Data were subjected to path analysis. The findings from the study show that a preoccupied attachment style has a direct, positive effect on academic procrastination, while academic procrastination has a direct, negative effect on subjective well-being. We concluded that a preoccupied attachment style has an indirect effect on subjective well-being.
Clinical efficacy and safety of Tanreqing injection combined with antibiotics versus antibiotics alone in the treatment of pulmonary infection patients after chemotherapy with lung cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tanreqing injection (TRQi) in the treatment of pulmonary infection after chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, VMIS, Wan‐Fang, and CBM databases were comprehensively searched from established to March 2020. randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TRQi were selected. The evaluation manual of Cochrane RCT was used to evaluate the methodological quality of all included studies, Stata 13.0 and Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta‐analysis. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020175533). Eighteen RCTs with a total of 1,438 patients were met the inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis showed that compared with antibiotics alone, TRQi plus antibiotics could significantly improve the clinical efficacy, defervescence time, lung rale disappearance time, cough disappearance time, and average hospitalization time, reduce white blood cell, C‐reactive protein, and procalcitonin levels, and adverse reactions. However, due to the small sample size and low quality of the study, more rigorous and more RCTs are needed for further verification. In conclusion, this study provides useful evidence for the efficacy and safety of TRQi combined with antibiotics in the treatment of pulmonary infection after chemotherapy with lung cancer.
Mapping the fractional cover of non-photosynthetic vegetation and its spatiotemporal variations in the Xilingol grassland using MODIS imagery (2000−2019)

Abstract Obtaining accurate information on the fractional cover of non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) (f NPV) on grasslands is essential for monitoring soil erosion risk, assessing grassland productivity and managing grassland ecosystems. However, few studies have monitored f NPV in the Xilingol grassland region (XGR) and its spatiotemporal variations based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. In this study, we determined the upper dead fuel index (DFI) threshold for NPV in the XGR. Then, a remote-sensing inversion model for f NPV was established based on the ground-measured f NPV and the DFI derived from MODIS images. Based on the inversion model, we obtained the spatial distribution and spatiotemporal variations in f NPV from 2000 to 2019. The results indicated that the DFI can reflect the NPV in the XGR with an upper threshold of 27.2. The DFI-f NPV linear regression model showed a good performance, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.60 and a root mean square error of leave-one-out cross-validation (RMSECV) of 0.1574. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of f NPV exhibited significant heterogeneity, and f NPV decreased from the northeastern XGR to the southwestern XGR. The overall trend of the interannual f NPV in the XGR increased in a fluctuating manner during 2000–2019. The f NPV increased in 66.92% of the XGR and decreased in a relatively small proportion (18.21%) of the XGR.
Slow Stick‐Slip Failure in Halite Gouge Caused by Brittle‐Plastic Fault Heterogeneity

Slow earthquakes, including low‐frequency earthquakes and tremor, occur in the brittle‐ductile (plastic) transition zone on plate boundary faults. To understand how transitions in deformation mechanisms can influence seismic behavior, we conducted stick‐slip experiments on halite gouge at normal stresses (σn) of 8 to 113 MPa. In the brittle regime (σn ≤ 18 MPa), the halite gouge showed fast and regular stick‐slip associated with velocity‐weakening behavior. In contrast, increasing the normal stress within the semibrittle regime (σn ≥ 27 MPa) led to a significant decrease in slip velocity and stress drop, which was associated with a transition from velocity‐weakening to velocity‐strengthening behavior. Local stress measurements along the simulated faults, made using strain gauges, revealed that the critical nucleation length (Lc) increased with increasing normal stress. Macrostructural and microstructural observations showed that the transition from fast dynamic slip to slow quasi‐static slip could be attributed to an increasing contribution from semibrittle/plastic deformation occurring within domains that are heterogeneously distributed within the gouge layer. Our findings suggest that brittle‐plastic fault heterogeneity, which may be generated by spatial variations in pore fluid pressure and/or lithology, contributes to the emergence of slow earthquakes.
Interactive regulations by viruses and dissolved organic matter on the bacterial community

Viruses and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are major top–down and bottom–up factors, respectively, which control the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities. However, the relative strength and interaction between these two regulators in different marine ecosystems are not fully understood. We applied viral reduction and cross‐transplantation of eutrophic estuarine and pristine coastal waters to examine the separate and combined effects of viruses and DOM on the bacterial community composition. We showed that bacteria were more abundant in the virus‐depleted groups, particularly in those from the eutrophic estuarine water (i.e., > 7 times higher, when compared with the virus‐rich groups). Cluster analyses showed that the bacterial communities in the virus‐rich groups were most similar to the in situ populations. Bacterial community richness, evenness and diversity were reduced at high DOM concentrations but were sustained by viruses. This allowed bacteria that were less vulnerable to viral infection to thrive (such as those in the families Alteromonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and SAR11), while suppressing those capable of fast growth at elevated DOM concentrations but which were more vulnerable to viral attack (such as those from the family Vibrionaceae). Our results showed that viral regulation occurring at the strain level can affect the bacterial community structure at higher phylogenetic levels. In addition, some less abundant groups, such as Vibrio and Alteromonas, might actually win the competition for resources, providing viral control is removed. Our results also showed that the population dynamics of certain bacterial groups was controlled by viruses, and the strength of such control was modulated by the concentration of DOM. We suggest that the composition of the bacterial community in aquatic environments results from the interactive regulation by DOM and viruses among other regulators.
Individual differences in narrative production in late childhood: Associations with age and fiction reading experience

Narrative production draws upon linguistic, cognitive and pragmatic skills, and is subject to substantial individual differences. This study aimed to characterise the development of narrative production in late childhood and to assess whether children’s cumulative experience of reading fiction is associated with individual differences in narrative language skills. One-hundred-and-twenty-five 9- to 12-year-old children told a story from a wordless picture book, and their narratives were coded for syntactic, semantic and discourse-pragmatic features. The grammatical complexity and propositional content of children’s narratives increased with age between 9 and 12 years, while narrative cohesion, coherence and use of mental state terms were stable across the age range. Measures of fiction reading experience were positively correlated with several indices of narrative production quality and predicted unique variance in narrative macrostructure after controlling for individual differences in vocabulary knowledge, word reading accuracy and theory of mind. These findings are discussed in terms of the continued importance of ‘book language’ as part of the language input beyond early childhood.
Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Perspectives about Addressing Mental Health across School-Based Settings in Southern California

ABSTRACT This study explored the role of occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) in school-based practice addressing mental health (MH) needs of all students. A sequential explanatory mixed method design which included two stages. Stage One: 61 OTPs in Southern California completed an online survey. Stage Two: 15 OTPs engaged in either an interview or a focus group. The survey data revealed that OTPs spent less time addressing MH issues than their caseload seemed to require. Autism spectrum disorder and anxiety disorder were addressed more frequently in comparison to grieving, thought disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and self-harm. Respondents were more likely to address MH issues using individual intervention and prevention strategies rather than a promotional approach. The majority of respondents were unfamiliar with the American Occupational Therapy Association School MH Tool Kit. Four themes emerged from qualitative data: Process of receiving support and services, OTPs perceived scope of practice in school-based settings, Approaches to address MH, and Barriers to address MH needs in school-based practice. Currently OTPs in Southern California face a number of challenges in addressing MH problems among children in school-based settings.
The face of crime: Apparent happiness differentiates criminal and non-criminal photos

ABSTRACT In two studies we tested the hypothesis that observers can accurately distinguish between convicted criminals and matched controls, merely by scrutinizing facial photographs. Based on the Eudaimonic Activity Model, we further hypothesized that criminals and non-criminals differ in their apparent emotional positivity. Finally, based on honest signaling theory, we hypothesized that such emotionality differences can explain observers’ ability to distinguish criminals and non-criminals. In Study 1 participants evaluated photos of people later convicted of crimes, and photos of matched controls. In Study 2 participants evaluated photos of Catholic priests later convicted of sexual offenses, and photos of the priests who replaced them at their parishes. All three hypotheses were supported. Furthermore, in Study 2, participants’ own facial photos were rated by assistants. Consistent with honest signal theories, observer’s facial positivity, as well as their self-rated positive affect, predicted their ability to perceive positive emotions in non-criminal faces.
Effects of an Intervention in the Physical Education Class on Physical Activity and Well-Being of Primary School Students

Background: An importance issue for pediatric health is to understand how to enhance the level of physical activity of children and adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a physical education-based intervention on promoting physical activity and well-being of primary school’s students of Urmia city, West Azerbaijan province, in 2019. Materials and Methods: The present causal-comparative field study was conducted on 300 primary school girls (mean age: 10.72±0.73 years) of Urmia city, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, in 2019. The participants were randomly and equally allocated into two groups including intervention and control groups. Participants of intervention group were exposed to a six months’ intervention and 2 sessions per weekbased on social cognitiveand social-ecological theories within the physical education classes, while those in control group followed their regular school tasks. Physical activity behavior and physical and psychological well-being were measured as dependent variables. Independent t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to analyze the data. Results:Age of participants in intervention and control group was not significantly different. Results of pretest showed that the participants of both group had similar physical activity behavior and well-being at baseline. However, in the posttest the participants in the intervention group reported higher physical activity level (F = 17.11, P < 0.001) and physical (F = 30.76, P < 0.001) and psychological (F = 36.03, P < 0.001) well-being in comparison to those in control group. Conclusions:These results highlight the importance of developing physical education-based interventions for improving physical activity level and well-being of primary school-aged children.
Evaluation of the School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene National Strategic Implementation Plan (2012 -2017) in Ukerewe District, North-Western Tanzania

Copyright: Joshua Patrick Ngimbwa @2020. This is an Open Access article published and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ISSN: 2643-9999 Volume 3, Issue 3, August 2020 Enliven: International Journal of Advances in Civil Engineering
Diploid genome architecture revealed by multi-omic data of hybrid mice

Although mammalian genomes are diploid, previous studies extensively investigated the average chromatin architectures without considering the differences between homologous chromosomes. We generated Hi-C, ChIP-seq, and RNA-seq data sets from CD4 T cells of B6, Cast, and hybrid mice, to investigate the diploid chromatin organization and epigenetic regulation. Our data indicate that inter-chromosomal interaction patterns between homologous chromosomes are similar, and the similarity is highly correlated with their allelic coexpression levels. Reconstruction of the 3D nucleus revealed that distances of the homologous chromosomes to the center of nucleus are almost the same. The inter-chromosomal interactions at centromere ends are significantly weaker than those at telomere ends, suggesting that they are located in different regions within the chromosome territories. The majority of A|B compartments or topologically associated domains (TADs) are consistent between B6 and Cast. We found 58% of the haploids in hybrids maintain their parental compartment status at B6/Cast divergent compartments owing to cis effect. About 95% of the trans-effected B6/Cast divergent compartments converge to the same compartment status potentially because of a shared cellular environment. We showed the differentially expressed genes between the two haploids in hybrid were associated with either genetic or epigenetic effects. In summary, our multi-omics data from the hybrid mice provided haploid-specific information on the 3D nuclear architecture and a rich resource for further understanding the epigenetic regulation of haploid-specific gene expression.
Modulation of the Earliest Component of the Human VEP by Spatial Attention: An Investigation of Task Demands

Abstract Spatial attention modulations of initial afferent activity in area V1, indexed by the first component “C1” of the human visual evoked potential, are rarely found. It has thus been suggested that early modulation is induced only by special task conditions, but what these conditions are remains unknown. Recent failed replications—findings of no C1 modulation using a certain task that had previously produced robust modulations—present a strong basis for examining this question. We ran 3 experiments, the first to more exactly replicate the stimulus and behavioral conditions of the original task, and the second and third to manipulate 2 key factors that differed in the failed replication studies: the provision of informative performance feedback, and the degree to which the probed stimulus features matched those facilitating target perception. Although there was an overall significant C1 modulation of 11%, individually, only experiments 1 and 2 showed reliable effects, underlining that the modulations do occur but not consistently. Better feedback induced greater P1, but not C1, modulations. Target-probe feature matching had an inconsistent influence on modulation patterns, with behavioral performance differences and signal-overlap analyses suggesting interference from extrastriate modulations as a potential cause.
A lattice of the paracomplete calculi

Paracomplete logic is intended to cope with the problem of vagueness, or uncertain and incomplete data. It deals with the situation when some propositions and their negations are allowed to be simultaneously false, which is obviously impossible in the classical and many non--classical propositional logics. In paracomplete logic, such classical laws as tertium non datur or consequentia mirabilis are not generally accepted. This implies that the logic is defined negatively. In this paper, we introduce a family of the paracomplete calculi that will be defined in a Hilbert-style formalization. We propose the so-called bi--valuational semantics and prove the key metatheorems for the calculi. We also discuss a generalization of the paracomplete calculus $QD^{1}$ to the hierarchy of related calculi.
Halal food: structured literature review and research agenda

PurposeThis study reviews and critiques the halal food literature, a growing field of research. In addition, the authors classify the significant themes in this research stream, outline opportunities for future research directions and offer a future research agenda.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 221 scholarly articles published from 1997 to 2020 was investigated using the structured literature review method of Massaro et al. (2016). The authors used the bibliometrix R-package and VOSviewer software to mine information about journals, articles, authors, citations, keywords and countries.FindingsThe analysis reveals five research clusters: halal food and the role of certifications, halal food and awareness, halal food production and quality, halal food in tourism management and halal food and the supply chain. The primary research flow comes from Asia. However, collaborations are also emerging in other continents. In addition, scholars should consider stressing the links among halal food and sustainability, innovation and technology.Research limitations/implicationsThe study analyses this field from a broad perspective, but only considers articles published in the Scopus database. Future research could extend the research methodologies used by, for example, considering mixed method analysis.Originality/valueDespite several studies in the field, no studies have thus far reviewed the literature on halal food to the best of the authors' knowledge. Hence, the presented analysis, using pioneering methods considering sustainability and innovation as priorities, provides a starting point for future research.