Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review on Intelligence Dehazing and Color Restoration for Underwater Images

Underwater image processing is an intelligence research field that has great potential to help developers better explore the underwater environment. Underwater image processing has been used in a wide variety of fields, such as underwater microscopic detection, terrain scanning, mine detection, telecommunication cables, and autonomous underwater vehicles. However, underwater imagery suffers from strong absorption, scattering, color distortion, and noise from the artificial light sources, causing image blur, haziness, and a bluish or greenish tone. Therefore, the enhancement of underwater imagery can be divided into two methods: 1) underwater image dehazing and 2) underwater image color restoration. This paper presents the reason for underwater image degradation, surveys the state-of-the-art intelligence algorithms like deep learning methods in underwater image dehazing and restoration, demonstrates the performance of underwater image dehazing and color restoration with different methods, introduces an underwater image color evaluation metric, and provides an overview of the major underwater image applications. Finally, we summarize the application of underwater image processing.
Animated Video Media on Breakfast Behavior Analysis of Nutritional Education Effect Through

A preliminary study of 10 Alue Buloh students showed that 8 of them did not know the benefits of breakfast and the impact of not having breakfast and overall they had mistaken perceptions about proper nutritional intake for their morning activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nutritional education through animated video media on breakfast behavior in elementary school children. The research design used was quasi experiment, with a pre-test and post-test design applying one group with a total sample size of 50 students. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The criteria were: willing to be the sample, never received counseling about breakfast, and were in good health condition Interventions were carried out at 6 times with a span of 2 months. The data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the Dependent t test. The results showed that there was an effect of nutritional education using animated video media on knowledge with p value p(sig) = 0.000, there is an effect of nutritional education using animated video media on student attitudes, there is an effect of nutritional education using animated video media on student actions. Therefore, it is suggested that socialization and education is absolutely needed to be
Optics of light scattering caused by liquid-crystal-director fluctuations

ABSTRACT We have applied the light-scattering equation caused by liquid-crystal (LC)-director fluctuations as derived by De Gennes [1] to the case where the polarization direction of the incident light is at an arbitrary angle with respect to the LC directors within the cell. Based on the De Gennes’s equation, we have used an out-of-plane (OPR) cell-rotation method to measure the pretilt angles of a tilted-homogeneously aligned LC cell. Our measured pretilt angles are in good agreement with that obtained by the published OPR-rotation method [2] based on a different mechanism. Our method is simple in setup and requires no complicated data-fitting calculations when the pretilt angles are below about 30°. In addition, there is no need to know cell parameters except the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the LC medium at the wavelength of incident light. Graphical Abstract
Characterisation of GaAs:Cr pixel sensors coupled to Timepix chips in view of synchrotron applications

In order to meet the needs of some ESRF beamlines for highly efficient 2D X-ray detectors in the 20–50 keV range, GaAs:Cr pixel sensors coupled to TIMEPIX readout chips were implemented into a MAXIPIX detector. Use of GaAs:Cr sensor material is intended to overcome the limitations of Si (low absorption) and of CdTe (fluorescence) in this energy range The GaAs:Cr sensor assemblies were characterised with both laboratory X-ray sources and monochromatic synchrotron X-ray beams. The sensor response as a function of bias voltage was compared to a theoretical model, leading to an estimation of the μτ product of electrons in GaAs:Cr sensor material of 1.6×10−4 cm2/V. The spatial homogeneity of X-ray images obtained with the sensors was measured in different irradiation conditions, showing a particular sensitivity to small variations in the incident beam spectrum. 2D-resolved elemental mapping of the sensor surface was carried out to investigate a possible relation between the noise pattern observed in X-ray images and local fluctuations in chemical composition. A scanning of the sensor response at subpixel scale revealed that these irregularities can be correlated with a distortion of the effective pixel shapes.
The influence of world view of optimism, perception of new vaccines, and perception of threat on Covid-19 vaccination attitude and behavior

Perceived vaccine effectiveness is an important vaccination attitude in determining vaccination behavior (vaccination intent, vaccination advocacy, and willingness to pay for vaccination) in terms of vaccination promotion as an effort to prevent infectious diseases. This study aims to identify the influence of world optimism (belief in the world's positivity and orderliness), perceived vaccine novelty, and perceived threats (susceptibility and severity) on attitudes and behavior related to vaccination. This research was conducted by a purposive sampling method using an online questionnaire to 160 respondents. Data analysis using Structural Equation Model (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The results found in this study were that belief in the world's positivity and orderliness did not affect perceived vaccine effectiveness. Perceived vaccine effectiveness positively affects vaccination intent and willingness to pay for vaccination but has no effect on vaccination advocacy. Meanwhile, the negative moderating effect of the perceived vaccine novelty does not affect all vaccination behavior. Perceived susceptibility significantly affects vaccination intent and advocacy but does not affect willingness to pay for vaccination. Furthermore, the perceived severity does not significantly influence all vaccination-related behavior. The managerial implication of this research for vaccination marketers and policymakers is that paying attention to several factors, namely perceived vaccine effectiveness and perceived susceptibility, will encourage people to increase vaccination-related behavior.
Therapists’ experiences with providing guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with mild and moderate depression: a thematic analysis

Introduction Guided internet-delivered therapy has shown promising results for patients with mild and moderate depressive disorder, but several challenges with the format have been reported. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate therapists’ experiences providing guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with mild and moderate depression. Material and methods Twelve therapists were interviewed, and the interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results and conclusion Three themes were created: (1) For the right person, at the right time. This theme is about therapists’ experiences appointing patients to the program. It is challenging to predict which patients will benefit from it, and it is not the right option for all patients. (2) It is not like chatting on Facebook. The second theme was about the experiences with demands on clinics, therapists and patients that must be considered. The internet-delivered treatment should not be viewed as a simple treatment option, and the value of having contact with the patients during treatment was emphasized. (3) It is like a railroad, but without the switches. This theme was about the experiences with how the treatment content was conveyed to the patients, how the therapists expressed concerns with the usability of the program and the reported need for more possibilities in tailoring treatment for each patient.
Persistent and transient olfactory deficits in COVID-19 are associated to inflammation and zinc homeostasis

Introduction The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly a respiratory syndrome that can affect multiple organ systems, causing a variety of symptoms. Among the most common and characteristic symptoms are deficits in smell and taste perception, which may last for weeks/months after COVID-19 diagnosis owing to mechanisms that are not fully elucidated. Methods In order to identify the determinants of olfactory symptom persistence, we obtained olfactory mucosa (OM) from 21 subjects, grouped according to clinical criteria: i) with persistent olfactory symptoms; ii) with transient olfactory symptoms; iii) without olfactory symptoms; and iv) non-COVID-19 controls. Cells from the olfactory mucosa were harvested for transcriptome analyses. Results and discussion RNA-Seq assays showed that gene expression levels are altered for a long time after infection. The expression profile of micro RNAs appeared significantly altered after infection, but no relationship with olfactory symptoms was found. On the other hand, patients with persistent olfactory deficits displayed increased levels of expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response and zinc homeostasis, suggesting an association with persistent or transient olfactory deficits in individuals who experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vapor-Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium (VLLE) Data for the Systems Ethyl acetate + Water, Toluene + Water and Toluene + Ethyl acetate + Water at 101.3 kPa. Using Modified Equilibrium Still

Isobaric Vapor-Liquid-Liquid equilibrium data for the binary systems ethyl acetate + water, toluene + water and the ternary system toluene + ethyl acetate + water were determined by a modified equilibrium still, the still consisted of a boiling and a condensation sections supplied with mixers that helped to correct the composition of the recycled condensed liquid and the boiling temperature readings in the condensation and boiling sections respectively. The VLLE data where predicted and correlated using the Peng-Robinson Equation of State in the vapor phase and one of the activity coefficient models Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC and the UNIFAC in the liquid phase and also were correlated using the Peng-Robinson Equation of State in both the vapor and liquid phases.
Indigenous pest control: The case of Meranao farmers in Southern Philippines

The effectiveness of indigenous pest control shown by various research findings are quite motivating. Likewise, the diminishing of IKS due to a lack of proper documentation of those indigenous practices that is found to be effective, particularly in farming and more specifically in pest control is also a challenging. This paper aimed to explore the indigenous peat control of some selected Meranao Farmers in Northern Mindanao. A case study design and mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approached was used in documenting the 30 Meranao farmers’ indigenous pest control. Survey questionnaire and informal interview was used as the data collection tools. Findings revealed that the farmers use an amalgamation of traditional, indigenous and conventional methods of pest management control on their farm. Their indigenous knowledge (IK) on pest management have helped them control and sustainably manage pest problems and meet their subsistence needs without depending on costly energy-based inputs. The continued utilization may be attributed to the effectiveness, affordability, communicability, ecological soundness and sustainability of these practices in controlling pests, and diseases. Since practices of IKS for pest management is eco-friendly and cost-effective, it is therefore recommended that the IKS of a different Indigenous group of people may be recorded and be used for innovative research before it will vanish in history.
Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction: Performance as a Mediation Variable

Research has been considered “negligent” in seeing performance as mediation on the relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction, even more so in village governance. The study aimed to test performance directly related to the relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction. This research was conducted in South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province. The total population in this study was 249 people, and samples were conducted by the purposive sampling method. A total of 179 respondents were involved in the survey. The validity and reliability test uses factor analysis with factor loading values ≥ 0.5 and Cronbach alpha ≥ 0.7. Simple regression and hierarchical analysis are used to test research hypotheses. The results showed that the performance variables were as complete as mediation in the study.
A full wave model of high-harmonic EMIC wave propagation in sheared magnetic fields

ABSTRACT A new dispersion relation, with finite Larmor orbit effects, for oblique propagating electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in a magnetized plasma medium, is derived including the magnetic shear effect. The approximate, yet accurate, dispersion relation is used to implement the ray tracing model. A parabolic magnetic field is considered to model the geomagnetic field in the magnetosphere. Energetic protons are also considered as resonant particles. The propagation characteristics of EMIC waves in the vicinity of the ion cyclotron resonances are investigated in some detail. The results reveal adiabatic oscillating motion for wave and magnetic field fluctuations where high harmonics limit the wave damping and confines the magnetic fluctuations. For inward propagating EMIC waves we find (1) turning points which depend on the wave launch position, and (2) wave trapped areas playing a role in quasi-coherent wave-particle interaction in agreement with the observational and theoretical studies. This wave trapping is an effective process for particle acceleration in the context of space plasmas.
Performance Enhancement of Biobattery from Tropical Almond Paste Using Acetic Acid Addition

Biobattery is an alternative energy device that uses organic waste without hazardous chemicals. It is further reported that tropical almond (Terminalia catappa L.) is rich in glucose content, making it a potential electrolyte for a biobattery device, although the power performance is not optimal. Therefore, this research aims to improve the performance of biobattery from tropical almond paste with the addition of acetic acid. Biobattery cells were constructed using the galvanic cell method, while the tropical almond paste as an electrolyte was stored in a box container with a volume of 600 cm³, then attached with copper and zinc metal plate as cathode and anode. Five typical devices of biobattery were made with various acid concentrations of 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80% which were added to the electrolyte. The results showed a significant enhancement of power performance, from 0.25 mW without any acid up to 1.62 mW with acid addition. The biobattery from tropical almond paste added with acetic acid of 20% had the best performance. Based on the results, the characterization of this device had an open cell voltage of 0.93, and the power curve showed a peak value of 1.62 mW at a current of 3.29 mA, with a stable current lasting up to 200 hr.
Cold Surge Effect on Vertical Profile Atmosphere over Meteorological Station of Ranai Natuna: Case Study Asian Winter Monsoon 2019/2020

During the Asian Winter season, which spans from November to February, the phenomenon of cold surge often occurs, leading to increased convective activity over the western Indonesian Maritime Continent. The location of Natuna Island, situated in the southern part of the South China Sea, is of particular importance for studying cold surges due to their propagation over this area. In this study, the vertical structure of the atmosphere was analyzed using radiosonde observation data collected at the Meteorological Station of Ranai Natuna. The analysis focused on physical parameters such as air temperature and relative humidity, atmospheric kinematics including wind direction and speed, as well as atmospheric thermodynamic parameters such as Lifting Condensation Level (LCL), Level of Free Convection (LFC), Equilibrium Level (EL), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), and Convective Inhibition (CIN). The results indicate that during the passage of a cold surge, air temperature (T) tends to be higher in the lower troposphere, including at the surface, but lower in the middle and upper troposphere. Relative humidity (RH) also tends to be higher during cold surges, with a significant increase in the middle and upper troposphere. In the lower troposphere, the wind direction shifts from east to northeast at a higher speed compared to when a cold surge is absent. Furthermore, the LCL and LFC heights are elevated during the presence of a cold surge, while the EL height shows an insignificant decrease. It is worth noting that intense rainfall occurs, particularly when the cold surge is more pronounced, even though the values of CAPE and CIN do not change significantly.
Students’ challenges with polar functions: covariational reasoning and plotting in the polar coordinate system

ABSTRACT Covariational reasoning has been the focus of many studies but only a few looked into this reasoning in the polar coordinate system. In fact, research on student's familiarity with polar coordinates and graphing in the polar coordinate system is scarce. This paper examines the challenges that students face when plotting polar curves using the corresponding plot in the Cartesian plane. In particular, it examines how students coordinate the covariation in the polar coordinate system with the covariation in the Cartesian one. The research, which was conducted in a sophomore level Calculus class at an American university operating in Lebanon, investigates in addition the challenges when students synchronize the reasoning between the two coordinate systems. For this, the mental actions that students engage in when performing covariational tasks are examined. Results show that coordinating the value of one polar variable with changes in the other was well achieved. Coordinating the direction of change of one variable with changes in the other variable was more challenging for students especially when the radial distance r is negative.
Distance-from-the-wall scaling of turbulent motions in wall-bounded flows

An assessment of self-similarity in the inertial sublayer is presented by considering the wall-normal velocity, in addition to the streamwise velocity component. The novelty of the current work lies in the inclusion of the second velocity component, made possible by carefully conducted subminiature ×-probe experiments to minimise the errors in measuring the wall-normal velocity. We show that not all turbulent stress quantities approach the self-similar asymptotic state at an equal rate as the Reynolds number is increased, with the Reynolds shear stress approaching faster than the streamwise normal stress. These trends are explained by the contributions from attached eddies. Furthermore, the Reynolds shear stress cospectra, through its scaling with the distance from the wall, are used to assess the wall-normal limits where self-similarity applies within the wall-bounded flow. The results are found to be consistent with the recent prediction from the work of Wei et al. [“Properties of the mean momentum bala.
Purposes, Problems and Prospects of Piggery Development in West Jaintia Hills District of Meghalaya, India

Pigs are prolific and fast growing livestock that are early converter of feed and food waste to valuable products and its rearing among the tribes of the North-East Region (NER) is prevailing since time immemorial. A study was taken up in the West Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya to understand the purposes, problems and prospects of Piggery Development in the state of Meghalaya where pork is one of the best preferred meats for all sections of the population. A structured, pre-tested, reliable and valid interview schedule was used to interview 100 randomly selected pig farmers from two Development Blocks namely, Laskein and Thadlaskein blocks where pig farming was in higher concentration. Areas such asrecycling waste food (100.00%), additional income (99.00%), mark of insurance (97.00%), profit in short time (96.00%) and primary income (50.00%) were identified as the purposes of pig rearing. Problems of concentrate feed (99.00%), medicines and vaccines (97.00%), input supply (95.00%), economic problem (94.00%), non-availability of feed and fodder (93.00%), transportation (93.00%), access to market (88.00%), absence of cooperatives/self-help groups (SHGs) (85.00%), market place (76.00%) and bank linkages (58.00%) were the major concerns. Making provisions of feed, water, treatment, linkages and marketing could be able to make the piggery sector prosper in the state. The results issued that interdisciplinary approaches could do well with farming, marketing, linkage, convergence and other related issues.
Comprehensive analysis of ferritinophagy-related genes and immune infiltration landscape in diabetic retinopathy

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is deemed a microangiopathy and neurodegenerative disorder, which is a primary reason of visual impairment in the world. Ferritinophagy is a critical regulator of ferroptosis and has a vital part in the etiopathogenesis of DR. Nevertheless, its molecular mechanism in DR remains to be expounded. Methods The GSE146615 dataset was adopted to identify ferritinophagy-related differentially expressed genes (FRDEGs). The interactions and biological functions of the genes were described by means of functional enrichment analysis (FEA). The enriched gene sets were analyzed utilizing gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Identification of hub genes was performed utilizing protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis. mRNA–miRNA, mRNA–transcription factors (TF), mRNA–drugs, mRNA–RNA-binding proteins (RBP) interaction networks were constructed. In addition, datasets GSE60436 and GSE94019 were utilized for validation. The diagnostic performance of FRDEGs was assessed by means of receiver-operating characteristic curve monofactor analysis, followed by immune infiltration analysis. Lastly, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was implemented to analyze the validation of genes. Results In total, the identification of eight FRDEGs was completed utilizing differential expression analysis. FEA mainly implicated the autophagy of mitochondrion, mitochondrion disassembly, autophagosome assembly, and organization pathways. GSEA and GSVA mainly implicated the interferon alpha response, ultraviolet response up, interferon gamma response, apical junction, pical surface, and allograft rejection pathways. BECN1 and HERC2 displayed high diagnostic accuracies in validation sets. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that several immune cells related to ferritinophagy may be play potential roles in DR. Finally, qRT-PCR was utilized to validate the upregulated expression of BECN1 as well as the downregulated expression of BCAT2 and ATG7 in the DR model. Conclusion BECN1, HERC2, ATG7, and BCAT2 act as potential biomarkers for DR and might regulate ferritinophagy and the immune microenvironment to influence its development and progression. This research can provide new insights into pathogenesis of DR related to ferritinophagy.