Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A multi-particle abrasive model for investigation of residual stress in belt grinding of titanium alloys

The titanium alloy blade is a key part of an aero-engine, but its high surface efficiency and precision machining present technical problems. Belt grinding can effectively prolong the fatigue life of the blade and enhance the service performance of the aero-engine. However, the residual stress of the workpiece after belt grinding directly affects its service performance and life. The traditional single particle abrasive model simulation is limited in exploring the influence of grinding process parameters on surface residual stress. In this study, an ABAQUS simulation model of multi-particle belt grinding is established for titanium alloy material, a finite element (FE) simulation is conducted with different technological parameters, and the results are analysed. The critical belt grinding experiment is conducted on thin-walled titanium alloy parts, and the distribution characteristics of surface residual stress after grinding are studied to understand the influence of grinding parameters on the formation of surface residual stress. Comparing the results of the FE simulation and the grinding experiment, the common law of stress change and the prediction model are obtained. The results show that the multi-particle belt grinding simulation is consistent with the belt grinding experiment in terms of the influence of grinding parameters on residual stress. The simulation can serve as a guide in actual belt grinding to some extent. Directions for improving the multi-particle abrasive simulation model are discussed.
Dating Lake Sediments Using Compound‐Specific 14C Analysis of C16 Fatty Acid: A Case Study From the Mount Fuji Volcanic Region, Japan

Lake sediments in volcanic regions contain continuous records of past eruptions and their environmental consequences. However, the frequent scarcity of plant material in lake sediments makes it difficult to provide robust age estimates. In this study, we performed compound‐specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) of fatty acids in a sediment core from Lake Kawaguchi in the Mount Fuji volcanic region, Japan, to assess their potential for dating sediments. The C16 fatty acid in the core top sediments exhibits an almost identical age (983 ± 56 years BP) to that of dissolved inorganic carbon in the modern lake surface water, which confirms that the carbon of this compound is derived from lake phytoplankton. Comparison of the 14C age between the C16 fatty acid and a plant leaf at the widespread (Amagi‐Kawagodaira) tephra layer revealed a lake reservoir age of 1,003 ± 73 14C years at ca. 3,150 cal BP, which is consistent with the modern lake reservoir age and the 14C age of the C16 fatty acid in the core top sediments, within error. The reservoir‐corrected 14C age of the C16 fatty acid yielded a modeled age of 2,837 ± 78 cal BP for the Mount Fuji Tephra (Omuro scoria‐fall deposit) in the core. This age is in good agreement with the age determined from plant remains in the same core (2,938 ± 29 cal BP), indicating that CSRA of C16 fatty acid has the potential to date lake sediments after reservoir age correction, even in sediments with limited occurrence of plant macrofossils.
Post-annealing effects on ZnS thin films grown by using the CBD method

Herein, the structural, morphological, and optical properties of zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films deposited via the chemical bath deposition method are reported. These films were deposited on soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates by using ZnSO4, thiourea, and 25% ammonia at 90 °C. The effect of changing the annealing temperature from 100 °C to 300 °C on the properties of the ZnS thin films was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the ZnS thin film annealed at 100 °C had an amorphous structure; however, as the annealing temperature was increased, the crystalline quality of the thin film was enhanced. Moreover, transmission measurements showed that the optical transmittance was about 80% for wavelengths above 500 nm. The band gap energy (Eg) value of the film annealed at 300 °C was decreased to about 3.82 eV.
Seasonal Changes and Distribution of Nutritional Elements in Thompson Seedless Grapevines

A four-year study was conducted on seasonal changes and quantitative distribution of the important mineral nutrients in 9Thompson Seedless9 petioles and shoot tips. Year-to-year variations in nitratenitrogen and potassium levels were great. The period bracketing bloom showed the most rapid change in nitrate-nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels. The most stable period was 3 to 4 weeks after bloom. Of the nutrients studied, potassium showed the only distinct positive correlation with bloom. The position on the shoot of the petiole sampled influenced the levels of potassium, calcium, and magnesium. However, nitrate-nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, zinc, iron, and manganese levels were not greatly affected by petiole position. The possible influence of seasonal temperature differences on changes in nutrient levels in the Fresno area is discussed.
Homogenization and trends analysis of the Belgian historical precipitation time series

Long series of climate observations are essential to understand past and present climate change. However, the study of climate change from raw instrumental data poses a number of specific problems. Firstly, any observations are likely to contain erroneous values. Secondly, measurement conditions have generally changed over time which may introduce artificial breaks in the data that do not reflect the real variations of the climate. This article presents a new dataset of quality controlled and homogenized monthly precipitation series for Belgium. After in‐depth data quality control, monthly precipitation time series have been homogenized with the HOMER software on the basis of available metadata. Homogenization results are provided for 110 series over the period 1951–2019 and for 18 series starting before 1912 including nine covering the full time period 1880–2019. The new dataset of monthly homogenized series allows us to make a robust analysis of the precipitation evolution in Belgium from 1880 to nowadays. The comparison between the average of the last 30 years (1990–2019) with that of the first 30 years (1880–1909) of the considered time period, reveals an average increase in precipitation in the order of 15.5%. However, this average representation of the increase masks important seasonal and regional differences across Belgium.
Even a Small Conductor Can Lead a Large Orchestra: How Startups Orchestrate Ecosystems

Contrary to existing literature, startups can be successful orchestrators of ecosystems. Based on nine qualitative case studies, this article introduces four archetypes that shed light on how a startup can fulfill the tasks of an orchestrator and overcome challenges. The findings identify dimensions of standardization/customization and sources of value creation as defining the role of ecosystem orchestrators and demonstrate the consequences for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), corporates, investors, and accelerators involved in such ecosystems.
Subtitling as a Vector for the Promotion of Bilingualism and Patriotism

This paper is aimed at showing that subtitling can be used to foster bilingualism and patriotism in Cameroon. The objectives are to investigate how deeply rooted the practice of audiovisual translation is in local media outlets, focusing on how it can help in promoting bilingualism; promote the use of subtitling in the Cameroonian audiovisual media landscape; and assess the pivotal role of the audiovisual translator in this sector. A sample of 151 persons was used. Questionnaires were administered to respondents and stakeholders were interviewed in two media houses: Hi TV and CRTV. Hi TV is based in an English-speaking region, and CRTV is a State-owned media house and believed to have the widest audience in the country. Findings revealed that subtitling does not only provide TV viewers with information in their second official language, but also enables them to improve on their reading and writing skills, as well as their bilingualism, among others. Subtitling is not advanced in media houses in Cameroon. Recommendations were made to improve on the practice of subtitling in media houses in Cameroon. These include increasing the level of subtitled programmes broadcast on TV stations, raising awareness on the importance of media information access by the hearing impaired; creating an audiovisual translation unit in each TV broadcasting house and recruiting audiovisual translators; voting of laws to make the subtitling of some, if not, all TV programmes broadcast by Cameroonian TV channels mandatory; educating the public on the importance of subtitling by gradually introducing them to viewers through TV programmes, so that their eyes and mind could progressively get used to watching subtitled material and thus avoid total rejection of the subtitles; and training more audiovisual translators in Cameroon.
Chemical and mechanical properties of snake fangs

The composition of dental tissues and their interaction determines its mechanical properties. The mechanical properties and chemical composition of the teeth of extant reptiles are still poorly studied areas. As a preliminary study the fangs of four species of snakes and a human tooth were investigated through nanoindentation and Raman spectroscopy. The average elastic modulus values for the main body of the fangs ranged from 15.3 GPa to 24.6 GPa, and 19.1 GPa for the human dentine. Raman spectroscopy and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that snake fangs are similar in composition to human dentine, both of which comprised of hydroxyapatite and an organic matrix. The elastic modulus and hardness data were correlated to the Raman spectra using partial least squares regression (PLS). The spectral features which correlated with the elastic modulus would suggest that elastic modulus is dependent on the relative protein to mineral amounts in the tooth. The form of the phosphate and the relative levels of phosphate to organic components also appear to be governing factors for elastic modulus. The PLS of Raman spectra against the hardness gave very similar results. The small differences between snake fangs and human dentine appeared to be because of carbonate content, with higher levels of carbonate in the human tooth than the snake fangs. Snake fangs should be able to withstand large lateral forces. Human dentine aids in dissipating imposed loads. This similarity in the chemical composition of the snake fangs and human dentine supported the findings of the similarities in mechanical properties, which may be attributed to the similar functional demands of these biocomposites. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Newly Graduate Registered Nurses’ Experiences of Transition to Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review

New graduate registered nurses encounter many difficulties such as unexpected role, stress and lack of support. Therefore, many of them consider leaving their nursing roles. This systematic review aims to explore the experiences of newly graduate registered nurses about the transition from student nurse to graduate nurse in clinical practice. A qualitative systematic review was conducted using inclusion and exclusion criteria and PRISMA guideline. Twenty-three studies are included in the review and analysed using thematic analysis. The four researchers managed quality appraisal and data extraction. Of 23 studies included in the review, 22 were qualitative studies, and one was mixed methods. Following the thematic analysis, four themes were identified: (i) the impact of the undergraduate experience (ii) mental stress and coping strategies (iii) Existing knowledge of organizational support and (iv) professional accountability and competency. Findings show that newly graduate registered nurses experience high levels of turnover due to work stress, lack of support and inadequate undergraduate preparation. The successful transition is influenced by educational preparation, hospital orientation, and organizational support. Further research is required to explore the experiences of newly graduate registered nurses in developing countries, as there is limited research, which has considered nursing education, healthcare facilities, and cultural influences in these countries. New graduate registered nurses play a signiﬁcant role in the provision of patient care and enhancing patient safety. This review explored their experiences about the transition from student to registered nurses to recommend comprehensive practical guidelines to support their involvement in patient safety and to provide insight for nurse’s leaders to understand the retention issues for new nurses. In addition to helping undergraduate nursing education programs to improve their strategies in preparing graduates for entry into professional practice.
Environmental impact and costs of externalities of using urban consolidation centres: a 24-hour observation study with modelling in four scenarios

ABSTRACT The literature presents a considerable number of practical experiences of urban consolidation centres (UCCs) and some estimates for vehicle reduction. Still, there is limited knowledge about the potential reduction of the environmental impact and the related externality costs. This paper evaluates the environmental impacts of consolidation in four scenarios of different consolidation set-ups. It aims to estimate and discuss how the transport-related externalities in these set-ups can be included in the financial evaluation of city logistics. A modelling framework is used to fulfil these aims. The research validates this modelling framework with empirical data from a city logistics case in Sweden, and then analyses the scenarios. The research presented extends the understanding of the costs of externalities related to UCCs by quantifying the reduction in these costs in the scenarios. The different scenarios provide insights into the transport and environmental effects of different consolidation set-ups.
YCeZrO Ternary Oxide Solid Solution Supported Nonplatinic Lean-Burn NOx Trap Catalysts Using LaCoO3 Perovskite as Active Phase

A series of nonplatinic ceria-based oxides supported catalysts LaCoO3/K2CO3/S (S=CeO2, Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 or 5%Y/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2) were prepared by successive impregnation and employed for lean-burn NOx trapping. It is found that the doping of Zr or YZr into CeO2 facilitates the formation of CeZrO binary or YCeZrO ternary solid solutions, increasing the specific surface area and improving the redox property of ceria. The results of EXAFS and H2-TPR reveal that the LaCoO3 in the solid solution supported catalysts possesses higher dispersion and better reducibility than that in CeO2 supported one. The result of O2-TPD shows that the surface active oxygen species are remarkably increased after loading LaCoO3 on the supports. The YCeZrO ternary solid solution supported catalyst containing 5 wt % K2CO3 exhibits the best performance for NO oxidation and reduction at 350 °C, showing a high NO-to-NO2 conversion (66.5%) at lean condition, and a very high NOx reduction percentage (98.2%) and an extremely high NOx-to-N2 s.
Serotonin, Sleep and Depression: A Hypothesis

For most cases of endogenous depression (major depression), the hypothesis of monoamine deficiency, despite a number of limitations it faces, is still considered the most acceptable explanation. The main difficulty faced by this hypothesis is the reason for the decrease in the level of cerebral monoamines (primarily serotonin) during depression. It is assumed either increased activity of the MAO enzyme, which metabolizes serotonin, or a mutation with the loss of function of the gene of the Tph-2 enzyme, which synthesizes serotonin, as possible causes. In this review, a third cause is proposed, which can explain a number of cases of «spontaneous» onset of depressive symptoms in apparently healthy people, as well as links the hypotheses of “monoamine deficiency” and “disturbances in circadian rhythms. ” It is assumed that the formation of endogenous depression is due to a combination of two factors: a reduced “basal” level of cerebral serotonin and excessively long pre-morning periods of REM sleep, during which the release of cerebral monoamines stops altogether. As a possible way to of non-drug treatment of depression, not deprivation, but fragmentation of this phase of sleep is suggested, that is much easier for patients to tolerate.
Dental avulsion management by emergency professionals and efficacy of education

This intervention study evaluated knowledge of first responders regarding the emergency clinical protocol in cases of dental avulsions and impact of an informative campaign. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate effect of provided information on knowledge among emergency service professionals regarding the management of avulsion of teeth: before campaign (T0) and after campaign (T1). Participants were invited to attend the dental trauma awareness campaign that was carried out by the researchers. The campaign addressed main doubts and difficulties regarding emergency dental trauma care. Data were statistically analyzed (p <0.05). There was significant increasing in the knowledge of professionals regarding the possibility (from 74% to 88%) and ability (5% to 32%) of first responders perform tooth replantation; about the ideal time to perform the replantation (from 30% to 59%); about the correct handling (from 52% to 85%) and the need for cleaning (from 60% to 79%) of an avulsed tooth for replantation. It can be concluded there is a lack of knowledge of emergency service professionals about tooth avulsion management. The strong message is the importance not only of identifying the lack of knowledge of the professionals about tooth injuries, but also perform the education that can significantly improve the professional knowledge.
REACTIONS OF 3-ACYL-4-HYDROXY-2(1H)-QUINOLONES WITH NITROGEN BASES

3-Acyl-4-hydroxy-2-quinolones 1 react with amines to yield 3-aminomethylene quinolinediones 2. With hydroxylamine the corresponding oximes 3 are obtained, which cyclize on heating via a thermal Beckmann rearrangement to oxazolo[5,4-c]quinolones 4. The oxazoles can be ringopened in the presence of acids to give 3-acylamino-4-hydroxyquinolones 5. The hydrazones 6, obtained from 3-acyl-4-hydroxy-2-quinolones 1 and hydrazines, cyclize either to pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolones 7 or give mixtures of 7 and the dimeric azino-diethylidenequinolones 8. INTRODUCTION 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolines, their oxygen derivatives and the monocyclic debenzo derivatives having aliphatic acyl groups in position 3 have found great interest in the last years because of their biological properties (4). Reaction of the keto group of this class of compounds with nitrogen bases such as amines, hydroxylamines and hydrazines offers an entry to nitrogen containing carbonyl derivatives. Some of them have caused great interest because of their biological (5) or technical properties (6). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We have shown recently, that 3-acyl-4-hydroxyquinolones of type 1 could be aminated in an equilibrium process at the keto moiety of the 3-acyl substituent by reaction with aqueous ammonia or amines with acetic acid as catalyst (7). The isomeric 4-amino-3-acylquinolones could be excluded by synthesis of the corresponding compounds via an independent pathway. Aliphatic and aromatic amines could be shown to react with 1a-f in ethanol as solvent also by using dimethylaminopyridine as basic catalyst to obtain the 4-hydroxy-3-iminoethyl-2-quinolones 2a-l in good yields. H NMR spectroscopic studies have shown that compounds of this type deriving from 3-carbaldehydes (instead of 3-acyl groups in 2) exist mainly in the tautomeric enaminoketone form (8) by using the aldehydic/olefinic proton as probe. The lack of this proton in 2 does not allow a similar assignment, and the carbonyl frequencies of the 4-oxo group in infrared spectra, which are usually a good hint for discussion of tautomers (9), are not helpful because of hydrogen bondings between the 4-hydroxy/4-oxo group with the imino/amino group, resp. Investigations by deuterium isotope effects on C NMR chemical
Love or Bread? Public Service Motivation and Fringe Benefits in the Retention of Police Forces in Beijing City

Drawing upon the job demands-resources model (JD-R) and self-determination theory, this study investigates whether a set of fringe benefit initiatives taken by the police organization was able to relieve perceived work–family conflict and further reduce policemen’s intention to leave the job. A survey of 421 respondents from Beijing City Police Bureau revealed a positive relationship between work pressure, work–family conflict (WFC), and turnover intention (TI), showing that the satisfaction of fringe benefits (SFB) can moderate the linkage between WFC and TI. However, the moderating role of SFB would be crowded out when the participants possess higher level of public service motivation (PSM). This suggests that organizational support via fringe-benefit policy helps to decrease turnover intention only among employees who possess lower PSM. These findings demonstrate a special interaction of external benefits and PSM in the context of retaining police forces.
Physicochemical Properties and Consumer Acceptability of Break Fast Cereal Made from Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L) Soybean (Glycine max), Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranean) and Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)

The present study was aimed at the assessment of physicochemical and consumer acceptability of breakfast cereals developed from locally-sourced materials (sorghum, soybean, Bambara groundnut and groundnut). Ten samples were formulated by mixing the flours in different ratios while the formulated flours were subjected to various analyses including proximate composition, functional properties, vitamins and microbial evaluation and consumer acceptability. The results revealed the following ranges in the proximate parameters: moisture (6.45 – 10.46%), protein (10.26 –19.64%), fat (3.89–11.42%), ash (1.48 – 2.69%), crude fiber (1.94–3.72%), carbohydrates (56.09 – 72.06%), and energy (363.52 – 405.64 Kcal). The functional properties of the formulated breakfast cereal were bulk density (0.65-1.14 g/cm3), water absorption capacity (70.45-82.45 ml/g), swelling index (7.05-10.95%), solubility (73.55-88.84%), and viscosity (22.96-38.84 cP). Appreciable quantities of vitamins were present in the formulated breakfast cereal including vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, and folic acid. The sensory evaluation on the formulated breakfast cereal revealed that sample F (5% Malted sorghum flour + 65% Unmalted Sorghum flour + 30% Soybean flour) was rated the highest in terms of appearance, taste, and overall acceptability. The comparative advantage of this formulated cereal meal is that the ingredients used (soybean, sorghum, Bambara groundnut and groundnut) are easily grown in the tropical areas with high yield and are locally available.
Ultraconserved elements reconstruct the evolution of Chagas disease‐vectoring kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae)

Triatominae are the largest radiation of haematophagous species within the true bugs (Hemiptera) and the sole vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected human disease that affects millions. We used a combined ultraconserved element (UCE) and ribosomal dataset from ethanol‐preserved and pinned specimens in a museomics approach to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among triatomines, including taxa of four of the five tribes with substantial representation of the Old World fauna. We conclude that: (i) Triatominae are monophyletic and Opisthacidius Berg is their predatory sister taxon; (ii) the three large genera (Rhodnius Stål, Triatoma Laporte and Panstrongylus Berg) are not monophyletic; (iii) Triatomini fall into nine well‐supported clades, only two of which are identical in composition to previously recognized groups; and (iv) the Old World clade is deeply nested within Triatomini. Ancestral character state reconstructions of specific character traits provide insights into the evolutionary history of Triatominae.