Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eocene euthecosomatous pteropoda (gastropoda) of North America

Thirty-four species of Eocene pteropods (minute, shell-bearing, planktonic gastropods) are added to the 11 previously known from North America. They can, on occasion, be used effectively for global correlation of synchronous strata. As pteropods receive further attention, the number and accuracy of these correlations will increase. Pteropods are one of the most abundant and ubiquitous members of the plankton community in modern oceans. They were just as diverse and abundant in Eocene seas. There are about 28 modern euthecosome species. The authors identified 45 Eocene species in North America, 7 of which were already known in England and Europe; 27 are new. They were collected from outcrops in Texas and Alabama and from exploratory wells in Louisiana and the Nova Scotian shelf. All euthecosomatous pteropods have aragonitic shells but there are at least 3 different kinds of microstructure: (1) most spirally coiled species (family Spiratellidae) have crossed-lamellar microstructure, (2) straight or bilaterally symmetrical shells (family Cavoliniidae and Creisidae) have a helical microstructure, and (3) the Eocene species, Plotophysops bearnensis Curry (family Spiratellidae), has both crossed-lamellar and helical microstructure. Helical microstructure, first described in pteropods by Be, MacClintock, and Chew-Currie in the modern species, Cuvierina columnella Rang, is now known tomore » exist in other molluscan groups. The helical rods are nested in such a manner as to give maximum strength to the thin fragile shell, a decided advantage for an organism with a planktonic life style. « less
Asymptomatic Pigmented Plaque over the Index Finger in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Patient Clinicopathologic Challenge

Received: 19-Feb-2020. Revised: 21-Jun-2020. Accepted: 20-Jul-2020. Published: 08-Nov-2020. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non‐commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Interventions to reduce antibiotic prescribing for lower respiratory tract infections. Happy Audit study

This before-after study was aimed to evaluate the effect of two interventions on lowering the prescription of antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in Spain. General practitioners (GP) registered all cases with LRTIs during 3-week periods before and after an intervention, in 2008 and 2009. Two types of intervention were considered: full intervention (FIG) consisting in discussion sessions of the results of the first registry, courses for GPs, guidelines, patient information leaflets, workshops on rapid tests and use of the C-reactive protein (CRP) test. GPs in the partial intervention group (PIG) underwent all the above intervention except for the workshop on rapid tests and they did not have access to CRP. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed considering the prescription of an antibiotic as the dependent variable. Two hundred ten physicians were assigned to FIG and 70 to PIG. In 2009, 58 new physicians were included as a control group. 5,385 LRTIs were registered. Compared with the control group the odds ratio of antibiotic prescription after the intervention in the PIG was 0.42 (95%CI: 0.22-0.82), being 0.22 (95%CI: 0.12-0.38) in the FIG. Intervention led to a reduction in the prescription of antibiotics, mainly when CRP testing was available. purulence of sputum-, diagnosis –acute bronchitis, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD), pneumonia-, aetiologic suspicion (viral bacterial), performance of chest X-ray and CRP rapid tests, antibiotic
Sediment deposition in a forested inland wetland with a steep-farmed watershed

ABSTRACT: Recent sediment deposition rates were investigated using cesium-137 dating techniques in a 950-ha (2,350-acre) area of Grassy Island wetland. The wetland is on the eastern shore of Reelfoot Lake in northwestern Tennessee. The forested wetland traps sediment transported by Reelfoot Creek from 31,000 ha (76,600 acres) of easily eroded ioess bluff hills and uplands, of which 16,000 ha (39,500 acres) were cropland. Sediment deposition in the study area amounted to 3 million Mg (3.3 million tons) in the 21-year period from 1964 to 1985. Average sediment deposition rates were high, with 2.6 cm/yr (1.0 inch/year) in the area where silt sediment was accumulating and 1.3 cm/yr (0.5 inch/year) in the remaining study area. Deposition rates coincided with estimated high erosion rates from cropland on the watershed, but only about 21% of the erosion from cropland was accounted for in sediment deposition. The capacity of the wetland to trap sediment, though considerable, was limited in comparison to soil erosion from steep cropland where no conservation measures were used.
Studying Land Subsidence of Bandung Basin (Indonesia) Using GPS Survey Technique

Abstract Bandung basin is a large intra-montane basin surrounded by volcanic highlands, inhabited by more than five million people. Based on four GPS (Global Positioning System) surveys conducted on February 2000, November 2002, July 2002 and June 2003, it can be concluded that in the period of 2000 to 2003 several locations in Bandung basin have experienced land subsidence. In this period of about 3 years, land subsidence in a few locations can reach the amount of 40 to 50 cm, with the speed of about 1-2 cm/month. This paper describes the technical and practical aspects of GPS surveys for land subsidence study in Bandung basin along with the obtained results. This study shows that the amount of land subsidence in several locations of Bandung basin do not show significant correlation with the registered abstraction volume of groundwater in that locations. Paper will sum up with some conclusions and recommendations.
Sacred groves of Phulbani Forest Division of Odisha: socio cultural elements and plant biodiversity.

The sacred groves in the Phulbani Forest Division of Odisha were studied to understand the richness of plant biodiversity and traditional socio cultural elements of the local people. Sampling method was adopted to study the biodiversity and growth of trees followed by a questionnaire survey in the sacred grove areas with special interaction with the VSS and sacred grove committee members. Most of the sacred groves were named after the deity dwelling in the respective sacred groves. Trees like sal ( Shorea robusta ) and rohini ( Somida febrifusa ) are worshipped in the sacred places by the local people of the area. Apart from common festivals, Mati Yagna and Indra Yagna are also celebrated in the sacred grove areas of this division to obtain a good harvest and timely rain. It was found that various traditional customs associated with sacred groves were in practice by the Kondh tribe. From the sampling enumeration, it was confirmed that the sacred groves were rich in plant genetic diversity and were composed of many medicinally useful species, wild edible fruits, fodder, fuel wood and timber yielding species. The Shannon Weiner Index of individual sacred groves was calculated for knowing the weightage of species by their frequencies.
Use of Digital Elevation Model for Study of Drainage Morphometry and Identification Stability and Saturation Zones in Relations to Landslide Assessments in Parts of the Shahbazan Area, SW Iran

The south-western trans Iranian railway line connecting Tehran, Iran to Khoramshahr in the southwest crosses the great Zagros range. One of the localities on this line is the Shahbazan railway station. Shahbazan station is located in the Alwar section of the central Zagros belt in the southwest of Iran. Complex geological-geomorphological activities have created an immature and rugged landscape which in turn imposes various natural hazards (landslide, erosion and flash flooding) to both people and the railway infra-strucutre. In order to address these problems on a regional scale, a digital elevation model (DEM) was used in conjunction with selected field visits during which various parameters related to lithology (dip, strike and rock types), structures (joints, fracturres, faults and folds), soil types, landuse and land cover were obsereved and measured. For the creation of a DEM, a digital topographic map prepared by the Iranian Surveying Organization was used. The DEM was computed using x, y, z attributes in text format. The methodology includes an interactive visual calibration that adjusts parameters while referring to observed landslides. Based on field data collected, the DEM was calibrated to generate stability zone map and saturation zone map of the study area which address to natural hazards like landslide. The analyses of drainage morphometery, relief and saturation maps reveals zones of stability-instability and saturation within the study area which are in harmony with landslide and rock fall zones. However, the study also indicates that the DEM provides a useful tool for rapid evaluation of natural hazards and mapping of large areas with less time and good results.
Mercury content in the superficial geological formations of Hungary

Abstract Among the periodic system's elements, mercury (Hg) is most liable to dispersion and, simultaneously, most liable to secondary enrichment. Consequently, mercury enrichments can occur as a result of a number of geologic as well as anthropogenic processes. If the geologic processes cease, quite extended dispersion halos can form around a former accumulation center. Hydrothermal mineralization is a typical process giving rise to mercury concentration. As a result, regional mercury impacts can occur in the floodplains of rivers flowing from the mining and heavy industrial regions of Transylvania and Slovakia. Elsewhere, mercury anomalies detectable at the intermediate scale (1:50,000) can be found in the Zemplen and Matra Mountains and, subordinately, in the Borzsony Mountains. Typically mercury anomalies develop above major structural lineaments as well, unless they are buried under thick young sediments. A remarkable example is the deep fault separating the Pilis and Visegrad Mountains. Another grou.
Yield, Vitamin and Mineral Content of Four Vegetables Grown with Either Composted Manure or Conventional Fertilizer

ABSTRACT Although there is a considerable amount of interest in organically produced crops, there is a lack of scientific research evaluating vegetable production from paired organic and conventional experimental plots. A comparative study was conducted for three years in a Pugwash sandy loam near Truro, N.S. Five replicates of two treatments (organic and conventional) were established annually for carrots, cabbages, potatoes and sweet corn. The addition of pesticides, lime and NPK fertilizer to the conventional plots followed the Nova Scotia Soil Test Recommendations; while lime, rotenone or Bt and composted manure were applied to the organic plots according to the guidelines established by the Organic Crop Improvement Association, Inc. (OCIA). The compost was made using chicken or beef manure and straw. Compost was analysed for total N and applied at rates appropriate to each crop assuming 50% N availability during the cropping season. Marketable yields were recorded and representative leaf samples and .
Physical Experiences of the Nuclear Explosions in the Semipalatinsk Area : Radiation Exposure Level and Distance from the Hypocenter

The present paper has three aims related to important, direct experiences of the nuclear explosions among persons living near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS). The first is to describe those experiences. The second is to examine their association with the radiation exposure. The third is to clarify their relationship with distance from the center of the nuclear test area. We examined responses to a questionnaire survey conducted from 2002 to 2005 and analyzed them using logistic regression analysis. The major results were: (1) approximately 94% of respondents reported having some direct experience from the nuclear tests; (2) approximately 66% of the respondents saw flashes, 50% felt the blasts, and 12% felt heat from the nuclear explosions; (3) the presence or absence of direct experiences from the nuclear explosions did not depend on radiation level but was associated with distance from the hypocenter of the SNTS. This research is the first attempt to describe human experiences of the nuclear explosions at the SNTS. We briefly draw parallels between experiences near the SNTS and experiences among Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb survivors. Our next goal in
Director Gender and Mergers and Acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.
Getting back to life after stroke: co-designing a peer-led coaching intervention to enable stroke survivors to rebuild a meaningful life after stroke. Running head Peer-led coaching intervention for stroke survivors

Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Masterson Algar, P., Burton, C. , Seddon, D. , Hoare, Z. , Morrison, V. , Arthur, C. , Elghenzai, S. , Williams, S. , & Radford, K. (2020). Getting back to life after stroke: Co-designing a peer-led coaching intervention to enable stroke survivors to rebuild a meaningful life after stroke. Disability and Rehabilitation, 42(10), 1359-1372. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2018. 1524521
Low expression of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase mRNA in primary colorectal cancer with the CpG island methylator phenotype

The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP+) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is defined as concomitant and frequent hypermethylation of CpG islands within gene promoter regions. We previously demonstrated that CIMP+ was associated with elevated concentrations of folate intermediates in tumour tissues. In the present study we investigated whether CIMP+ was associated with a specific mRNA expression pattern for folate and nucleotide metabolizing enzymes. An exploratory study was conducted on 114 CRC samples from Australia. mRNA levels for 17 genes involved in folate and nucleotide metabolism were measured by real-time RT-PCR. CIMP+ was determined by real-time methylation specific PCR and compared to mRNA expression. Candidate genes showing association with CIMP+ were further investigated in a replication cohort of 150 CRC samples from Japan. In the exploratory study, low expression of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) was strongly associated with CIMP+ and CIMP+–related clinicopathological and molecular features. Trends for inverse association between GGH expression and the concentration of folate intermediates were also observed. Analysis of the replication cohort confirmed that GGH expression was significantly lower in CIMP+ CRC. Promoter hypermethylation of GGH was observed in only 5.6% (1/18) CIMP+ tumours and could not account for the low expression level of this gene. CIMP+ CRC is associated with low expression of GGH, suggesting involvement of the folate pathway in the development and/or progression of this phenotype. Further studies of folate metabolism in CIMP+ CRC may help to elucidate the etiology of these tumours and to predict their response to anti-folates and 5-FU/leucovorin.
Phagocytosis and trypsin‐resistant glass adhesion by osteoclasts in culture

Osteoclasts were cultured in vitro and tested for the functions normally associated with cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. They were found to ingest glutaraldehyde-fixed red cells and latex, but not opsonised or complement-coated sheep red cells. Osteoclasts are glass-adherent and resist removal by trypsin. The implications of these findings for the identity of the osteoclast precursor cell and its mechanism of fusion are discussed.
Investigating storage‐discharge relations in a lowland catchment using hydrograph fitting, recession analysis, and soil moisture data

The relation between storage and discharge is an essential characteristic of many rainfall‐runoff models. The simple dynamical systems approach, in which a rainfall‐runoff model is constructed from a single storage‐discharge relation, has been successfully applied to humid catchments. Here we investigate (1) if and when the less humid lowland Hupsel Brook catchment also behaves like a simple dynamical system by hydrograph fitting, and (2) if system parameters can be inferred from streamflow recession rates or more directly from soil moisture storage observations. Only 39% of the fitted monthly hydrographs yielded Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiencies above 0.5, from which we can conclude that the Hupsel Brook catchment does not always behave like a simple dynamical system. Model results were especially poor in summer, when evapotranspiration is high and the thick unsaturated zone attenuates the rainfall input. Using soil moisture data to obtain system parameters is not trivial, mainly because there is a discrepancy between local and catchment storage. Parameters obtained with direct storage‐discharge fitting led to a strong underestimation of the response of runoff to rainfall, while recession analysis leads to an overestimation.
Isolating climatic and paleomagnetic imbricated signals in two marine cores using principal component analysis

High resolution measurements of climatic and magnetic parameters have been performed on two cores from the eastern China Sea and the western Caroline Basin. On both cores, magnetic parameters show a strong imprint of climatic changes but the absence of relationship between the inclination and the bulk density indicates that the directional changes do not depend on lithology. A weak 100 ka cycle is present in the China sea inclination variations, but this period is not in phase with the orbital eccentricity and thus not relevant. All normalization parameters yielded similar estimates of relative paleointensity (RPI), but we have noticed the persistence of climatic components in the signal. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to different parameters related to climate, lithology and paleointensity has allowed to extract a “clean” magnetic signal that we refer as “principal component of paleointensity (PCP)” which is in better agreement with the Sint‐2000 composite curve and provides a reliable record of relative paleointensity. The presence of climatic frequencies in RPIs most likely reflects the influence of lithology on the response of magnetization to field intensity. We suggest that PCA analysis can be very useful to approach these problems. Not only can the calculation separate overlapping climatic and magnetic signals, but it indicates what confidence should be given to the data. Incidentally, the present results emphasize the importance of carrying out detailed paleoclimatic analyses along with paleointensity studies.
The difficulty for subducted oceanic crust to accumulate at the Earth's core‐mantle boundary

Seismic tomography has revealed two large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) in the lowermost mantle beneath the central Pacific and Africa. The LLSVPs are further shown to be compositionally different from their surroundings. Among several hypotheses put forth in recent years to explain the cause of the LLSVPs, one postulates that they are thermochemical piles caused by accumulation of subducted oceanic crust at the core‐mantle boundary (CMB). Mineral physics experiments indicate that oceanic crust becomes denser than the surrounding mantle at lower mantle pressures. In addition, seismic observations provide evidence of subducted slabs arriving at the CMB. However, a major question pertains to whether subducted oceanic crust can survive viscous stirring associated with mantle plumes and accumulate into piles with the same spatial scale as LLSVPs. We perform a set of high‐resolution convection calculations to examine this hypothesis by investigating the interaction of thin oceanic crust (6 km) with mantle plumes. Our results show that as subducted oceanic crust is swept toward upwelling plume regions, the majority of it is viscously stirred into the surrounding mantle. Only a small amount of oceanic crust may accumulate at the base of plumes, but it is consistently entrained away into the plume at a rate equal to or greater than it is accumulated. We find that it is difficult for subducted oceanic crust to accumulate into large thermochemical piles at the CMB.
Cryptalgal-metazoan bioherms of early Ordovician age in the St George Group, western Newfoundland

Bioherms are common in the St George Group, a sequence of shallow-water carbonate rocks deposited on the western continental shelf of Iapetus Ocean. They range from small heads and metre-sized mounds to extensive banks and complexes many metres thick and hundreds of metres in lateral extent. The cores of these bioherms are principally composed of thrombolites (unlaminated, branching, columnar stromatolites), structures quite distinct from laminated stromatolites which are common in intertidal beds. Associated with thrombolites is a diverse fauna of burrowing invertebrates, trilobites, nautiloids, pelmatozoans, brachiopods, gastropods, rostroconchs and archaeoscyphiid sponges. On the basis of framework-building components, three main bioherm types are distinguished: (1) thrombolite mounds, (2) thrombolite-Lichenaria or -sponge mounds and (3) thrombolite-Lichenaria-Renalcis reef complexes. The framework of the last is the most complex, with abundant cavities and a demonstrably uneven growth surface of thrombolites, corals and free-standing Renalcis heads, walls and roofs. Some cavities were active sediment conduits while others were protected, their roofs draped with Renalcis and their walls coated by cryptalgal laminites. These bioherms possess the attributes of shallow-water ecologic reefs. They span a critical time gap in the development of reefs, the transition period from algal-dominated bioherms of the Precambrian and Cambrian to the metazoan-dominated bioherms of the Middle Ordovician and remaining Phanerozoic.