Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science-2501-1235

The aim of this study is to compare the recreational barriers of mothers with 0-2-year-old children according to some demographic variables. The study is a descriptive study and is limited to mothers with children between the ages of 0-2. The random sampling method was used in this study and the sample group consisted of 213 mothers (Xage = 29.33 ± 4.78). In this study, a questionnaire form consisting of two parts was used as a data collection tool. There were questions about the demographic information of mothers in the first part, and there was Mothers' Recreational Barriers Scale (RBOMS-02) developed by Ardahan and Yakut Tekmenüray (2022) in the second part. The questionnaire was applied to mothers who were waiting at the pediatric outpatient clinics of Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine and Antalya Training and Research Hospital, and who voluntarily participated in the study, in stores selling baby/child supplies in the city center of Antalya between 1st October and 15th December 2019. In the evaluation of the data, besides descriptive statistics, Independent-Samples T Test in independent samples, ANOVA test and LSD test were used to determine between which groups the difference was. The results were questioned at the 0.01 and 0.05 significance level. When the recreational barriers of mothers are examined according to the "education level" variable; there is a statistically significant difference in the disadvantage of primary school graduate mothers in sub-dimensions of physical perception and health, family and others' pressure. When the recreational barriers of mothers are examined according to the variable "place of work", there is a statistically significant difference in favor of housewife, i Correspondence: ardahan@akdeniz.edu. tr; belginyakut@gmail.com Faik Ardahan, Belgin Yakut Tekmenüray COMPARISON OF THE RECREATIONAL BARRIERS OF THE MOTHERS WITH 0-2 YEARS OLD CHILDREN ACCORDING TO SOME DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science Volume 10 │ Issue 1 │ 2023 49 unemployed and student mothers in the "caregiver-sourced" sub-dimension. When the recreational barriers of mothers are analyzed according to the "family income" variable, there is a statistically significant difference in the disadvantage of low-income mothers in sub-dimensions of insufficient budgets/access to expensive and transportation barriers. As a result, in a society where it is difficult to be a woman, having children between the ages of 0-2 puts a burden on mothers' lives and causes them to continue their lives with many recreational obstacles.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor Prevents Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Rabbits by Promoting Angiogenesis and Inhibiting Apoptosis

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(EDHB) on steroid-associated femoral head osteonecrosis(ONFH) in a rabbit model. New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (prevention group and model group), each containing 24 rabbits. Osteonecrosis was induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) combined with methylprednisolone(MPS). The prevention group received an intraperitoneal injection of EDHB at 50 mg/kg body weight every other day starting three days before establishing rabbit models of osteonecrosis, for a total of nine doses. Osteonecrosis was verified by haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Angiogenesis, apoptosis and microstructural parameters were also analyzed. The rabbit models of osteonecrosis were successfully established and observed by HE staining. Histopathological observations indicated that EDHB reduced the rate of empty lacunae and the incidence of osteonecrosis. Immunohistochemical staining for HIF-1α and VEGF suggested that EDHB therapy inhibited degradation of HIF-1α and promoted expression of VEGF. Ink artery infusion angiography and microvessel density analysis revealed that there were more microvessels in the prevention group than in the model group. The TUNEL apoptosis assay suggested that EDHB intervention could reduce the number of apoptotic cells in avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Micro-CT scanning indicated that the treatment group had better microstructural parameters than the model group. EDHB prevents steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis of bone cells and hematopoietic tissue.
Degenerate preconditioned backward-backward splitting for inclusion problem

In this work, we introduce the notion of warped Yosida regularization and study the asymptotic behavior of the orbit of dynamical systems generated by warped Yosida regularization, which includes Douglas-Rachford dynamical system. We analyze an algorithm where the inclusion problem is first approximated by a regularized one and then the preconditioned regularization parameter is reduced to converge to a solution of the original problem. We propose and investigate backward-backward splitting using degenerate preconditioning for monotone inclusion problems. The applications provide a tool for finding a minima of a preconditioned regularization of the sum of two convex functions.
Segmental analysis of aortic basal ring dimensions in normal and dilated tricuspid aortic roots

Abstract OBJECTIVES In patients with aortic root aneurysm, the aortic basal ring is frequently dilated. It has been speculated that the muscular part of the basal ring dilates most. The purpose of this study was to analyse the segmental dilatation of the basal ring, comparing normal and dilated roots in patients with tricuspid aortic valves. METHODS Retrospective analysis of computed tomography studies in patients with normal and dilated aortic roots was performed. Lengths of segments of the basal ring corresponding to each of the 3 sinuses, and to the muscular and fibrous parts were measured. Fractions of these segments relative to the total basal ring perimeter were calculated. RESULTS We analysed 152 normal and 126 dilated aortic roots and 86 propensity-matched pairs. Basal ring dilatation was present in all segments of dilated aortic roots with subtle differences between the segments corresponding to the 3 sinuses. The muscular part of the basal ring dilated proportionately to its fibrous part, with no difference in fractions of measured muscular part in normal and dilated roots [42.2% (interquartile range 4.3%) vs 42.1% (interquartile range 6.3%)]. CONCLUSIONS Basal ring dilatation was present in all segments corresponding to the 3 sinuses in dilated aortic roots. Both muscular and fibrous parts dilated equally, supporting the need to stabilize the entire basal ring when performing aortic valve repair surgery.
Impact of interior living walls on indoor air quality : study in a dynamic environment

Interior living walls are promoted partly due to their ability to improve indoor air quality, and possibly reduce energy consumption related to ventilation. However, the studies done to demonstrate this ability are largely conducted in conditions that differs from those of building environments, and they have only focused on a single factor that impacts indoor air quality. This study examined several factors that living walls can affect indoor air quality (volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, relative humidity, and bioaerosols) and evaluated how each of these may improve or reduce indoor air quality. A test chamber was designed to simulate building environment conditions, including temperature, lighting, and ventilation. Three volatile organic compounds and CO2 were added into the test chamber to simulate occupancy. Samples were taken in the test chamber with and without a living wall to determine differences due to the presence of a living wall. The interior living wall removed CO2 and one of the three volatile organic compounds in the test chamber, increased relative humidity, and promoted the increased presence of bioaerosols. While living walls may improve some aspect of indoor air quality, considerations must be taken to mitigate the other impacts on indoor air quality.
Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and biventricular involvement

Abstract Aims Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) improves VT-free survival in ‘classic’ arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). This study aims to investigate electrophysiological features and ablation outcomes in patients with ARVC and biventricular (BiV) involvement. Methods and results We assembled a retrospective cohort of definite ARVC cases with sustained VTs. Patients were divided into the BiV (BiV involvement) group and the right ventricular (RV) (isolated RV involvement) group based on the left ventricular systolic function detected by cardiac magnetic resonance. All patients underwent electrophysiological mapping and VT ablation. Acute complete success was non-inducibility of any sustained VT, and the primary endpoint was VT recurrence. Ninety-eight patients (36 ± 14 years; 87% male) were enrolled, including 50 in the BiV group and 48 in the RV group. Biventricular involvement was associated with faster clinical VTs, a higher VT inducibility, and more extensive arrhythmogenic substrates (all P < 0.05). Left-sided VTs were observed in 20% of the BiV group cases and correlated with significantly reduced left ventricular systolic function. Catheter ablation achieved similar acute efficacy between these two groups, whereas the presence of left-sided VTs increased acute ablation failure (40 vs. 5%, P = 0.012). Over 51 ± 34 months [median, 48 (22–83) months] of follow-up, cumulative VT-free survival was 52% in the BiV group and 58% in the RV group (P = 0.353). A multivariate analysis showed that younger age, lower RV ejection fraction (RVEF), and non-acute complete ablation success were associated with VT recurrence in the BiV group. Conclusion Biventricular involvement implied a worse arrhythmic phenotype and increased the risk of left-sided VTs, while catheter ablation maintained its efficacy for VT control in this population. Younger age, lower RVEF, and non-acute complete success predicted VT recurrence after ablation.
Overview of the TREC 2004 Question Answering Track

The TREC 2004 Question Answering track contained a single task in which question series were used to deﬁne a set of targets. Each series contained factoid and list questions and related to a single target. The ﬁnal question in the series was an “Other” question that asked for additional information about the target that was not covered by previous questions in the series. Each question type was evaluated separately with the ﬁnal score a weighted average of the different component scores. Applying the combined measure on a per-series basis produces a QA task evaluation that more closely mimics classic document retrieval evaluation. The goal of the TREC question answering (QA) track is to foster research on systems that return answers themselves, rather than documents containing answers, in response to a question. The track started in TREC-8 (1999), with the ﬁrst several editions of the track focused on factoid questions. A factoid question is a fact-based, short answer question such as How many calories are there in a Big Mac? The task in the TREC 2003 QA track was a combined task that contained list and deﬁnition questions in addition to factoid questions [3]. A list question asks for different instances of a particular kind of information to be returned, such as List the names of chewing gums . Answering such questions requires a system to assemble an answer from information located in multiple documents. A deﬁnition question asks for interesting information about a particular person or thing such as Who is Vlad the Impaler? or What is a golden parachute? Deﬁnition questions also require systems to locate information in multiple documents, but in this case the information of interest is much less crisply delineated.
Rheological Characterization of a Thixotropic Semisolid Slurry by Means of Numerical Simulations of Squeeze-Flow Experiments

We propose a methodology for the rheological characterization of a semisolid metal slurry using experimental squeeze-flow data. The slurry is modeled as a structural thixotropic viscoplastic material, obeying the regularized Herschel–Bulkley constitutive equation. All rheological parameters are assumed to vary with the structure parameter that is governed by first-order kinetics accounting for the material structure breakdown and build-up. The squeeze flow is simulated using finite elements in a Lagrangian framework. The evolution of the sample height has been studied for wide ranges of the Bingham and Reynolds numbers, the power-law exponent as well as the kinetics parameters of the structure parameter. Systematic comparisons have been carried out with available experimental data on a semisolid aluminum alloy (A356), where the sample is compressed from its top side under a specified strain of 80% at a temperature of 582 °C, while the bottom side remains fixed. Excellent agreement with the experimental data could be achieved provided that at the initial instances (up to 0.01 s) of the experiment, the applied load is much higher than the nominal experimental load and that the yield stress and the power-law exponent vary linearly with the structure parameter. The first assumption implies that a different model, such as an elastoviscoplastic one, needs to be employed during the initial stages of the experiment. As for the second one, the evolution of the sample height can be reproduced allowing the yield stress to vary from 0 (no structure) to a maximum nominal value (full structure) and the power-law exponent from 0.2 to 1.4, i.e., from the shear-thinning to the shear-thickening regime. These variations are consistent with the internal microstructure variation pattern known to be exhibited by semisolid slurries.
Age of the Subducting Philippine Sea Slab and Mechanism of Low‐Frequency Earthquakes

Nonvolcanic low‐frequency earthquakes (LFEs) usually occur in young and warm subduction zones under condition of near‐lithostatic pore fluid pressure. However, the relation between the LFEs and the subducting slab age has never been documented so far. Here we estimate the lithospheric age of the subducting Philippine Sea (PHS) slab beneath the Nankai arc by linking seismic tomography and a plate reconstruction model. Our results show that the LFEs in SW Japan take place in young parts (~17–26 Myr) of the PHS slab. However, no LFE occurs beneath the Kii channel where the PHS slab is very young (~15 Myr) and thin (~29 km), forming an LFE gap there. According to the present results and previous works, we think that the LFE gap at the Kii channel is caused by joint effects of several factors, including the youngest slab age, high temperature, low fluid content, high permeability of the overlying plate, a slab tear, and hot upwelling flow below the PHS slab.
ENERGY APPROACH TO FATIGUE FOR PAVEMENT DESIGN

The paper establishes a practical and simple approach that can be applied directly in a pavement thickness design method. The fatigue behavior of a range of mix types, representative of base course and wearing course mixes in various countries, has been evaluated. The various fatigue curves obtained have been reduced to a few representative curves. For practical design purposes the permissible strain value can be determined easily from these curves. Some examples of design curves, based on the asphalt fatigue strain criterion, for a few typical mixes possessing similar stiffness values but different fatigue properties, are given.
E(cid:14)cient Parameterizable Type Expansion for Typed Feature Formalisms

Over the last few years, constraint-based grammar formalisms have become the predominant paradigm in natural language processing and computational linguistics. From the viewpoint of computer science, typed feature structures can be seen as data structures that allow to represent linguistic knowledge in a uniform fashion. Type expansion is an operation that makes constraints of a typed feature structure explicit and determines its satis(cid:12)ability. We describe an e(cid:14)cient expansion algorithm that takes care of recursive type de(cid:12)nitions and allows to explore di(cid:11)erent expansion strategies through the use of control knowledge. This knowledge is speci(cid:12)ed on a separate layer, independent of grammatical information. The algorithm, as presented in the paper, has been fully implemented in Common Lisp and is an integrated part of a large NL system.
Proxy Caching for Video on Demand Systems in Multicasting Networks

Streaming high quality videos consumes a signiﬁcant amount of network resources. Researchers proposed preﬁx caching schemes to reduce bandwidth usage costs in streaming videos. In this paper, we introduce a wide-scale cost model for proxy caching that takes bandwidth consumption into consideration over an entire network for diﬀerent multicasting tree topologies. The new cost model quantiﬁes the overall usage of network resources more accurately. We have also investigated the feasibility of preﬁx caching at proxies in multicasting networks, and, contrary to a recent claim, found out that preﬁx caching is cost eﬀective in a wide range of diﬀerent network conditions and service request rates. Abstract- Streaming high quality videos consumes a significant amount of network resources. Researchers proposed prefix caching schemes to reduce bandwidth usage costs in streaming videos. In this paper, we introduce a wide-scale cost model for proxy caching that takes bandwidth consumption into consideration over an entire network for different multicasting tree topologies. The new cost model quantifies the overall usage of network resources more accurately. We have also investigated the feasibility of prefix caching at proxies in multicasting networks, and, contrary to a recent claim, found out that prefix caching is cost effective in a wide range of different network conditions and service request rates.
Measuring Disagreement in Science

Disagreement is essential to scientific progress. However, the extent of disagreement in science, its evolution over time, and the fields in which it happens, remains largely unknown. Leveraging a massive collection of scientific texts, we develop a cue-phrase based approach to identify instances of disagreement citations across more than four million scientific articles. Using this method, we construct an indicator of disagreement across scientific fields over the 2000-2015 period. In contrast with black-box text classification methods, our framework is transparent and easily interpretable. We reveal a disciplinary spectrum of disagreement, with higher disagreement in the social sciences and lower disagreement in physics and mathematics. However, detailed disciplinary analysis demonstrates heterogeneity across subfields, revealing the importance of local disciplinary cultures and epistemic characteristics of disagreement. Paper-level analysis reveals notable episodes of disagreement in science, and illustrates how methodological artefacts can confound analyses of scientific texts. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of disagreement and establish a foundation for future research to understanding key processes underlying scientific progress. Significance Statement Disagreement is essential to scientific progress. We leverage full-text of scholarly publications and develop a cue-word-based approach to quantify disagreement across fields of science. Social sciences and humanities have the highest level of disagreement, and physics and mathematics the least, though there is substantial heterogeneity across sub-fields. Our transparent methodology illustrates key lessons for future analyses of scientific text and lays out a path for future research on disagreement in science.
Causal Testing: Finding Defects' Root Causes

—Isolating and repairing unexpected or buggy software behavior typically involves identifying and understanding the root cause of that behavior. We develop Causal Testing, a new method of root-cause analysis that relies on the theory of statistical causal inference to identify a set of executions that likely hold the key causal information necessary to understand and repair buggy behavior. Given one or more faulty executions, Causal Testing ﬁnds a small set of minimally different executions that do not exhibit the faulty behavior. Reducing the differences any further causes the faulty behavior to reappear, and so the differences between these minimally different executions and the faulty executions capture causal execution information, which can aid system understanding and debugging tasks. Evaluating Causal Testing on a subset of the Defects4J benchmark, we ﬁnd that Causal Testing could be applied to 71% of real-world defects, and for 77% of those, it can help developers identify the root cause of the defect. We implement and make public Holmes, a Causal Testing Eclipse plug-in that automatically computes and presents causal information. A controlled experiment with 16 developers showed that Holmes improves the subjects’ ability to identify the cause of the defect: Users with standard testing tools identiﬁed the cause 81% of the time, whereas users with Holmes did so 92% of the time.
Analogy as relational priming: The challenge of self-reflection

Abstract Despite its strengths, Leech et al.'s model fails to address the important benefits that derive from self-explanation and task feedback in analogical reasoning development. These components encourage explicit, self-reflective processes that do not necessarily link to knowledge accretion. We wonder, therefore, what mechanisms can be included within a connectionist framework to model self-reflective involvement and its beneficial consequences.
Neurobiology of Aging

Surgical procedures in the geriatric population are steadily increasing, driven by improved healthcare technologies and longer lifespans. However, effective postoperative pain treatments are lacking, and this diminishes quality of life and recovery. Here we present one of the ﬁrst preclinical studies to pursue sex-and age-speciﬁc differences in postoperative neuroimmune phenotypes and pain. We found that aged males, but not females, had a delayed onset of mechanical hypersensitivity post-surgery and faster resolution than young counterparts. This sex-speciﬁc age effect was accompanied by decreased paw innervation and increased local inﬂammation. Additionally, we ﬁnd evidence of an age-dependent decrease in hyper-algesic priming and perioperative changes in nociceptor populations and spinal microglia in the aged. These ﬁndings suggest that impaired neuronal function and maladaptive inﬂammatory mechanisms in-ﬂuence postoperative pain development in advanced age. Elucidation of these neuroimmune phenotypes across age and sex enables the development of novel therapies that can be tailored for improved pain relief.