Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unilateral reverse ocular bobbing caused by tuberous sclerosis

A female aged 12 months with developmental delay and left‐sided reverse ocular bobbing (rapid deviation of the eye upward and a slow return to the horizontal position) was observed. At birth, an upper left gingival mass, pathologically diagnosed as a benign granular cell tumour, was removed. On computed tomography (CT), left middle cerebral pedincular and midpontine lesions were seen. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed additional white matter hamartomas, corticosubcortical tubers, and subependymal nodules. The patient was re‐examined at 36 months. Her general developmental quotient was equivalent to 23 months of age. Third cranial nerve functions and auditory brainstem response were normal. Her abnormal eye movements were still present. Reverse bobbing is usually observed in patients who are unconscious and who have significant pontine pathology and disruption of the reticular formation. This case is the first tuberous sclerosis‐related ocular bobbing case to our knowledge and is interesting as the causative lesion was relatively mild, and ocular horizontal movements were preserved.
Effects of adult feeding on reproduction of the cotton bollworm female moth

Effects of adult feeding on longevity and fecundity of the female Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) were investigated quantitatively.Adult feeding had significant influence on both longevity and fecundity of cotton bollworm females.Females with supplementary food lived longer and deposited more eggs.With deterioration of adult food,fecundity was affected more than longevity.It is suggested that effects of supplementary food achieved by increasing female surviving and egg deposition during later stage,and food supplied during the early stage exerts greater effect than food supplied during later stage.Both adult food and female age significantly affected female fresh weight and dry weight of abdomens.Female fresh weight,dry weight and fat content of abdomens decreased less when the females were provided with supplementary food.Adult feeding may be an important factor in population ecology of the cotton bollworm,feeding during the early stage has an especially important role in female fitness.
Sleep disturbances in children with epilepsy compared with their nearest‐aged siblings

The aim of the study was to compare sleep patterns in children with epilepsy with those of their non‐epileptic siblings and to determine which epilepsy‐specific factors predict greater sleep disturbance. We conducted a case‐control study of 55 children with epilepsy (mean age 10y, range 4 to 16y; 27 males, 28 females) and their nearest‐aged non‐epileptic sibling (mean age 10y, range 4 to 18y; 26 males, 29 females). Epilepsy was idiopathic generalized in eight children (15%), symptomatic generalized in seven (13%), and focal in 40 (73%); the mean duration was 5 years 8 months. Parents or caregivers completed the Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for patients and controls, and the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy (QOLCE) for patients. Patients had a higher (more adverse) Total Sleep score (p<0.001) and scored worse than controls on nearly all subscales of the SBQ. In patients, higher Total Sleep scores were correlated with higher scores on the Withdrawn, Somatic complaints, Social problems, and Attention subscales of the CBCL, and significantly lower Total Quality of Life Scores. Refractory epilepsy, mental retardation, * and remote symptomatic etiology predicted greater sleep problems in those with epilepsy. We conclude that children with epilepsy in this current study had significantly greater sleep problems than their non‐epileptic siblings.
Physical capacity in non‐ambulatory people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy or spinal muscular atrophy: a longitudinal study

The purpose of this study was to describe functional ability, muscle strength, forced vital capacity, and clinical events in participants with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) or spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in the non‐ambulatory stages of the diseases. Nineteen non‐ambulatory participants with DMD (all males; 13 to 24 years) and 13 with SMA (six males, seven females; 11 to 57 years) were assessed once a year over 5 years. The assessments comprised functional ability measured with the EK scale and upper extremity grade, muscle strength measured with the manual muscle test, and forced vital capacity defined as a percentage of normal values (FVC%). In the DMD group all variables measured deteriorated and there was a direct correlation between them. In the SMA group only muscle strength and FVC% deteriorated and there was no close relation between the variables measured. In the DMD group, 16 participants had cardiorespiratory clinical events leading to death in five cases. In the SMA group only four participants had respiratory clinical events, none leading to death. Although the participants with SMA had been extremely weak and non‐ambulatory since early childhood they were older and less exposed to life‐threatening events than the participants with DMD.
Neuromotor development from 5 to 18 years. Part 1: timed performance

Timed performance in specific motor tasks is an essential component of a neurological examination applied to children with motor dysfunctions. This article provides centile curves describing normal developmental course and interindividual variation of timed performances of non‐disabled children from 5 to 18 years. In a cross‐sectional study (n=662) the following motor tasks were investigated: repetitive finger movements, hand and foot movements, alternating hand and foot movements, sequential finger movements, pegboard, and dynamic and static balance. Intraobserver, interobserver, and test‐retest reliability for timed measurements were moderate to high. Timed performances improved throughout the entire prepubertal period, but differed among various motor tasks with respect to increase in speed and when the‘adolescent plateau' was reached. Centile curves of timed performance displayed large interindividual variation for all motor tasks. At no age were clinically relevant sex differences noted, nor did socioeconomic status significantly correlate with timed performance. Our results demonstrate that timed motor performances between 5 and 18 years are characterized by a long‐lasting developmental change and a large interindividual variation. Therefore, a well standardized test instrument, and age‐specific standards for motor performances are necessary preconditions for a reliable assessment of motor competence in school‐age children.
THE IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL GENETIC MARKERS IN SUGARCANE VARIETIES FOR THE PREDICTION OF DISEASE AND PEST RESISTANCE RATINGS

The use of genetic markers that are linked to specific traits in sugarcane has the potential to increase the efficiency of the selection of improved varieties. Conventionally, markers are identified by analysing the segregation of potential markers and traits in the progeny of single crosses. However, this approach is not practical for sugarcane breeding programmes where replicated, well characterised progenies do not exist. The objective of this project was to investigate the potential of using commercial varieties for identifying markers associated with some of the important traits in sugarcane. This approach would be far more effective than dealing with single progenies since the traits of commercial varieties have already been charac­ terised. The DNA of fifty commercial varieties of sugarcane was amplified by RAPD PCR using 41 arbitrary decamer primers. Analysis of the resulting banding profiles, obtained by agarose gel electrophoresis, yielded 54 reliable polymorphic fragments. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify putative markers associated with the traits of resistance to eldana, sugarcane mosaic virus and smut, and the predictive power of the markers was determined. Further analysis of sugarcane varieties using additional polymorphisms has the potential to identify markers linked to important traits. These markers could be used for marker-assisted selection to increase the efficiency of selecting for improved sugarcane genotypes for commercial release.
Reduced visual resolution acuity and cerebral white matter damage in very‐low‐birthweight infants

Neonatal cerebral white matter echolucencies predict visual resolution acuity deficits in very‐low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants. We examined maternal sociodemographic, lifestyle, intrapartum, infant birth/perinatal, and ocular motor/refractive characteristics to determine whether they accounted for this association in infants who were tested once between postnatal age 25 and 56 weeks (corrected for gestational age at birth). Cranial ultrasound scans were read by consensus to identify echolucency in a population of VLBW infants with no known ocular abnormalities. Visual resolution acuity was measured with the Acuity Card Procedure (ACP) in 14 infants with echolucency and compared with that of 81 VLBW infants born in the same hospitals with normal ultrasound scans. In time‐oriented logistic regression models, echolucency remained a consistent predictor of abnormal visual resolution acuity after adjustment for covariates in three developmental periods (pre‐, peri‐, and postnatal). Odds ratios ranged from 19.3 (95% confidence interval, 4.5 to 82.2;p=0.001) to 10.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 81.9; p=0.03). Reduced visual resolution acuity in VLBW infants appears to be due to cerebral white matter damage.
Dynamics of Aphis gossypii and its predatory natural enemies in organic agricultural cotton filed.

In this paper,the numbers of Aphis gossypii and its predatory insects in organic agricultural and conventional cotton fields were estimated in June-August 2005. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the dynamics of A. gossypii and its predator populations between organic agricultural and conventional cotton fields. In organic agricultural cotton field,the individuals of the aphid,adult and larval ladybird,adult and larval lacewing,hoverfly,and spider were 3.17,2.22,2.70,0.33,2.00,1.89,and 2.47 times higher than those in conventional cotton field,respectively. It was suggested that in the production of organic agricultural cotton,spraying plant source-pesticides could be helpful to suppress A. gossypii in organic agricultural cotton fields.
CJZ3, a lomerizine derivative, reverses P‐glycoprotein‐mediated multidrug‐resistance in doxorubicin‐resistant human myelogenous leukemia (K562/DOX) cells

P‐glycoprotein‐mediated drug efflux can yield a multidrug‐resistance (MDR) phenotype that is associated with a poor response to cancer chemotherapy. The development of safe and effective MDR‐reversing agents is an important approach in the clinic. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of CJZ3, a lomerizine derivative, on the inhibition of P‐gp function and P‐gp‐mediated MDR in K562/DOX cells and parental K562 cells. Incubation of K562/DOX cells with CJZ3 caused a marked increase in accumulation and uptake and a notable decrease in efflux of Rh123, No such results were found in parental K562 cells. The inhibitory effect of the agent on P‐gp function was reversible, but it persisted for at least 90 min after removal of 2.5 &µM CJZ3 from the incubation medium. The doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell‐cycle perturbations were significantly potentiated by CJZ3. The intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin was enhanced in the presence of various concentrations of CJZ3. The CJZ3 exhibited potent effects in vitro in the reversal of P‐gp‐mediated MDR, suggesting that the compound may be an effective MDR reversing agent in cancer chemotherapy. Drug Dev. Res. 67:862–869, 2006. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Open VS laparoscopic appendicectomy: A comparative study

Background: Appendicectomy is the most common surgical procedure performed in emergency surgery. Because of lack of consensus about the most appropriate technique, appendectomy is still being performed by both open (OA) and laparoscopic (LA) methods. Laparoscopic appendicectomy is likely to have less postoperative pain, early discharge, decreased wound infection, better cosmesis and also early return to routine work. The advantages of laparoscopic appendicectomy over open appendicectomy are questioned over and over. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to compare the laparoscopic approach and the conventional technique in the treatment of acute appendicitis. Materials and Methods: The study included 200 cases, 100 open appendicectomy cases and 100 laporoscopic appendicectomy cases, which were randomly selected and were operated in department of surgery, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad. The following parameters were observed during follow up in comparison between two procedures, post operative pain; duration of analgesic use; post operative complications like vomiting, ileus, abdominal abscess and wound infection. Chi-square test and student t- test were used for statistical analysis.Results: Pain score was relatively high for open group when compared to laparoscopic group. Post operative complications like vomiting and ileus were lower in laparoscopic group. There is significant reduction in incidence of post operative wound infection in laparoscopic group. Laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with a shorter hospital stay. The return to normal activity was low for laparoscopic group compared to open group. Operative time was significantly shorter in the open group. Conclusions: The laparoscopic approach is a safe and efficient operative procedure in appendectomy and it provides clinically beneficial advantages over open method.
Some aspects of the biology of Tachysurus tenuispinis day from Veraval

The regression coefficients in length-weight relationship of males and females of Tachysurus tenuispinis differ significantly. The relative condition factor was calculated for females in re' tdion to various lengths and months. The sex ratio in the catch varied widely in the different months. The number of eggs ranged from 72 to 89 for the fish of length 394 to 570 mm. Empty stomachs occurred in a very high percentage (63.55") of the total stomachs examined. This is a bottom carnivorous feeder. The main food items found in the guts in order of preference were crustaceans, polychaetes, molluscs, fishes and echinoderms.
Comparative study of inter‐ and intrahemispheric somatosensory functions in children with partial and complete agenesis of the corpus callosum

Inter‐ and intrahemispheric somatosensory functions were evaluated in blinded tests of 11 children with partial and complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (age range 2 years 8 months to 11 years 9 months) and compared with those of age‐ and sex‐matched control individuals both normally developing and with neurological impairment. Tests included uni‐ and bimanual measures of stereognosis, haptic visual discrimination, kinaesthesis, and texture matching. Children with callosal absence displayed significant difficulties with many somatosensory functions, but most deficits were no greater than those of the children who had neurological dysfunction and an intact corpus callosum. Children with callosal absence, however, had significantly greater difficulty with bimanual texture matching, seemingly because this task required refined spatial interpretation of somatosensory input. Response times for the individuals with callosal absence were significantly greater than those for control participants with neurological impairment on several tasks in which overall accuracy of performance among groups did not significantly differ. These findings suggest that children with agenesis of the corpus callosum may have less efficient and slower processing capacity for certain types of somatosensory information. Possible compensatory mechanisms are discussed.
Adolescents with my elomeningocele: activities, beliefs, expectations, and perceptions

The Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, USA has identified activities, beliefs, and perceptions critical for healthy development. The aim of this study was to measure the activities, beliefs and expectations, and perceived outcomes of adolescents with myelomeningocele. In this descriptive study, 66 adolescents with myelomeningocele, aged 12 to 21 years and functioning at grade level, completed a structured interview. Thirty‐eight (58%) of the participants were female. The level of lesion was distributed as follows: 30% had thoracic level lesions, 32% had lumbar level lesions, 15% had lumbosacral level lesions, and 23% of the sample had sacral level lesions. Instruments used had both established reliability and validity (WeeFIM, Harter's Self‐Perception Profile, Austin's Child Attitude Toward Illness Scale, and Snyder's Hope Scale, Adolescent Decision‐Making Inventory, Adolescent Coping Scale) or were scales developed for this study (Adolescent Activities Inventory, Future Expectations Scale, Communication Efficacy, and Adolescent Self‐Management and Independence Scale). Scale reliabilities ranged from 0.70 to 0.88. These participants, though hopeful and positive in their attitudes toward myelomeningocele and generally able to perform activities of daily living independently, are not engaging in the full range of adolescent activities (decision making, friendship activities, and household responsibilities) and achieving positive outcomes (self‐management and job) necessary to make a successful transition to adulthood. This might explain why so many individuals with myelomeningocele are underemployed and are not living independently as young adults.
Effect of foliar application of nutrients on nutrient content, uptake and yield of Bt Cotton

A field experiment was conducted on farmers field at Kautha, Tq. Kandhar, Dist. Nanded, Maharashtra during Kharif-2018 to find out the effect of foliar nutrition on leaf reddening of Bt (Gossypium spp.) cotton under rainfed condition. The experimental result indicated that among the various treatments application of 100 per cent RDF + foliar spray of DAP @ 1% + KNO3 @ 1% + MgSO4 @ 1% and micronutrient grade II @ 0.5% followed by 100% RDF + 19:19:19 @ 1%+ MgSO4 @ 1% + Micronutrient grade II @ 0.5% at critical growth stages helps in increase the leaf nutrient status, uptake of N, P, K, S, B, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and increases the yield of Bt cotton under rainfed condition.
Early prognostic factors for intellectual outcome in CHARGE syndrome

CHARGE syndrome (coloboma, heart disease, atresia of the choanae, retarded growth and mental development, genital anomalies, and ear malformations and hearing loss) is a heterogeneous condition for which early prediction of intellectual outcome is important but difficult. The psychomotor milestones and intellectual outcome of a consecutive series of children with CHARGE syndrome who were observed by the same team from the neonatal period to the time of study were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty‐one children (11 males and 10 females, aged from 5 to 12 years, mean 8 years 7 months, SD 2 years 5 months) were included. The influence of 19 early identifiable parameters that could be considered as deleterious for intellectual outcome was recorded. Generally, the main psychomotor milestones (0 to 4 years) were severely delayed, although intellectual outcome (at primary‐school age) was satisfactory for half the children in this series. We show that extensive bilateral coloboma resulting in low vision, microcephaly, and brain malformation were the only three parameters that were predictive of poor intellectual outcome. Conversely, severe neonatal medical conditions, such as tracheotomy, conditions requiring long stays in hospital, or cardiac surgery were not predictive of poor intellectual outcome. Severe hearing loss was not found to be negatively correlated with intellectual outcome once coloboma had been taken into account.
Hearing loss in early infancy affects maturation of the auditory pathway

The influence of early cochlear hearing loss on maturation of the auditory pathway was studied by measuring auditory brainstem responses (ABR). In a retrospective study, 85 children with normal hearing (46 males, 39 females; age range 2 months to 14 years) and 165 children with binaural cochlear hearing impairment (89 males, 76 females; age range 1 month to 16 years) were examined. A significant positive correlation (p<0.001) between the degree of hearing loss and interpeak latencies I‐V (IPLI‐V) of the ABR was observed. No significant correlation (p=0.85) was found between hearing loss and interpeak latencies I–III (IPLI–III). These findings can be interpreted as indicating a marked delay in maturation of higher brainstem structures due to reduced auditory input during infancy. The correlation differs notably from results of comparable studies of adults published in recent literature. This leads to the assumption that the developing human brain is particularly sensitive to auditory deprivation. Thus, our results indicate the importance of a normal acoustic environment during sensitive periods in early childhood to ensure normal hearing and speech development.
Explicit memory performance in infants of diabetic mothers at 1 year of age

The aim of the present research was to investigate the impact of abnormal fetal environment on explicit memory performance. Based on animal models, it was hypothesized that infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) experience perturbations in memory performance due to exposure to multiple neurologic risk factors including: chronic hypoxia, hyperglycemia/reactive hypoglycemia, and iron deficiency. Memory performance, as measured by the elicited/deferred imitation paradigm, was compared between 13 IDMs (seven females, six males; mean age 365 days, SD 11) and 16 typically developing children (seven females, nine males; mean age 379 days, SD 9). The IDM group was characterized by shorter gestational age (mean 38w, SD 2), greater standardized birth weight scores (mean 3797g, SD 947), and lower iron stores (mean ferritin concentration 87μ/L, SD 68) in comparison with the control group (mean gestational age: 40w, SD 1; mean birthweight: 3639g, SD 348; mean newborn ferritin concentration 140μg/L, SD 46). After statistically controlling for both gestational age and global cognitive abilities, IDMs demonstrated a deficit in the ability to recall multi‐step event sequences after a delay was imposed. These findings highlight the importance of the prenatal environment on subsequent mnemonic behavior and suggest a connection between metabolic abnormalities during the prenatal period, development of memory, circuitry, and behavioral mnemonic performance.