Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic and proteomic identification of Late Holocene cetaceans

A critical challenge of the 21st century is to understand and minimise the e ﬀ ects of human activities on bio-diversity. Cetaceans are a prime concern in biodiversity research, as many species still su ﬀ er from human impacts despite decades of management and conservation e ﬀ orts. Zooarchaeology constitutes a valuable approach for informing conservation and management decisions by providing baseline information on the past distribution and human uses of species. However, traditional morphological species identi ﬁ cation of mixed assemblage bones can be challenging, particularly in the case of cetaceans. To address this issue, we applied and evaluated the performance of three biomolecular approaches – Sanger sequencing, shotgun sequencing and collagen peptide ﬁ ngerprinting (ZooMS) – for species identi ﬁ cation in a mixed assemblage of 800 to 1600 years old odontocete (toothed whale) samples from the site of Chersonesus in Crimea, Ukraine. We found that ZooMS allowed for identi ﬁ cation to the taxonomic level for 28 of our 30 samples (> 90%), identifying them as either “ porpoise ” or “ dolphin ” , and approximately half of those samples could be further identi ﬁ ed to species level with the shotgun sequencing approach. In addition, shotgun sequencing produced several complete ancient odontocete mito-genomes and auxiliary nuclear genomic data for further exploration in a population genetic context. In contrast, both morphological identi ﬁ cation and Sanger sequencing lacked taxonomic resolution and/or resulted in mis-classi ﬁ cation of samples. We found that the combination of ZooMS and shotgun sequencing provides a powerful tool in zooarchaeology, and here allowed for a deeper understanding of past marine resource use and its implication for current management and conservation of Black Sea odontocetes.
EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON ATMOSPHERIC PITTING CORROSION OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL BENEATH MGCL 2 DROPS

One of the main issues for intermediate-level nuclear waste (ILW) is atmospheric corrosion in stainless steel. The impact of microstructure on the pit shapes on three orientations of the duplex stainless steel DSS 2205 plate and the relative humidity impact on the atmospheric corrosion pits of DSS beneath MgCl 2 drops is determined through the use of four characterization tools: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
A RATIONALE FOR THE MANDATORY LIMITATION OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING

Summary The great value of artificial outdoor lighting has largely obscured the social, ecological and environmental problems resulting from present lighting practice. The exponential growth of outdoor lighting observed in Australia and elsewhere is unsustainable and greatly at odds with the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Artificial skyglow resulting largely from wasteful lighting design and overuse of lighting is increasingly hampering astronomical research and education. Stray light entering bedrooms at night disturbs sleep and contributes to sleepiness and fatigue, known factors in traffic and industrial accidents. Exposure to artificial light at night is also a known risk factor for breast cancer and other cancers, and it may be an underlying cause of widespread obesity. Outdoor lighting does not inhibit crime but increases it. Drastic reductions in outdoor ambient light levels are justified and will require legislation to be achieved.
Economic incentives and social preferences: substitutes or complements?

Explicit economic incentives designed to increase contributions to public goods and to promote other pro-social behavior sometimes are counterproductive or less effective than would be predicted among entirely self-interested individuals. This may occur when incentives adversely affect individuals’ altruism, ethical norms, intrinsic motives to serve the public, and other social preferences. In the 50 experimental studies that we survey these effects are common, so that incentives and social preferences may be either substitutes (crowding out) or complements. We provide evidence for four mechanisms that may account for these incentive effects on preferences, based on the fact that incentives may (i) provide information about the person who implemented the incentive, (ii) frame the decision situation so as to suggest appropriate behavior, (iii) compromise a control averse individual’s sense of autonomy and (iv) affect the process by which people learn new preferences. An implication of the fact that incentives affect preferences is that the evaluation of public policy must be restricted to allocations that are supportable as Nash equilibria when account is taken of these crowding effects. We show that well designed fines, subsidies and the like minimize crowding out and may even do the opposite, making incentives and social preferences complements rather than substitutes
Tropical Africa: Land Use, Biomass, and Carbon Estimates for 1980 (NDP-055)

This document describes the contents of a digital database containing maximum potential aboveground biomass, land use, and estimated biomass and carbon data for 1980. The biomass data and carbon estimates are associated with woody vegetation in Tropical Africa. These data were collected to reduce the uncertainty associated with estimating historical releases of carbon from land use change. Tropical Africa is defined here as encompassing 22.7 x 10{sup 6} km{sup 2} of the earth's land surface and is comprised of countries that are located in tropical Africa (Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Benin, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Guinea-Bissau, Zimbabwe (Rhodesia), Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Burkina Faso (Upper Volta), Zaire, and Zambia). The database was developed using the GRID module in the ARC/INFO{trademark} geographic information system. Source data were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the U.S. National Geophysical Data Center, and a limited number of biomass-carbon density case studies. These data were used to derive the maximum potential and actual (ca. 1980) aboveground biomass values at regional and country levels. The land-use data provided were derived from a vegetation map originally produced for the FAO by the International Institute of Vegetation Mapping, Toulouse, France.
EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTING TRIAGE TRAINING COMPETENCIES ON NEWLY GRADUATED NURSES WORKING IN EMERGENCY HOSPITAL

: Triage is one of the most important managerial and decision making concepts in emergency, it brings the most benefit to the greatest number of patients. Triage is important for redistributing and reducing waiting times and enhancing patient and family satisfaction and improving the quality of health care . Therefore, the aim of this study to determine the effect of implementing triage training competencies on newly graduated nurses (NGNs') working in emergency department (ED) at emergency hospital. Patients and Methods: A quasi experimental research design was utilized during the current study and it was conducted on 50 NGNs' who have a bachelor degree of nursing and are involved in providing direct care for emergency patients in the Emergency Hospital at Mansoura University and who are willing to participate in the study was constitute the study sample (study group). While control group of (25 nurses) who have a bachelor degree of nursing and are involved in providing direct care for emergency patients in Talkha Hospital. Results : The mean triage knowledge score increased immediately and post program implementation for the study group from (32.9±1.73 to 32.6±1.78 out of a total score of 35) compared with (13.44±1.78) to (13.52±2.04) for the control group. Also, triage performance increased immediately and post program implementation for the study group from (135.5±4.26 to 134.42±2.41 out of a total score of 140) compared with (56.44±8.21) to (56.76±7.79) for the control group. Moreover, there was a highly statistical significance difference between the study group and control group in relation to NGNs' knowledge and practice in post and two month post program implementation *p = 0.001. While there was no statistical significant difference between study group and control group in pre program implementation. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that there are deficits in triage knowledge and skills of NGNs' working in the ED of the emergency hospital. With these findings it is therefore imperative to establish proper triage training program that will help to establish and improve NGNs’ knowledge and skills on triaging in emergency hospital.
Unaccompanied children’s education in the United States: Service provider’s perspective on challenges and support strategies Educación para niños no acompañados en los Estados Unidos: La perspectiva de los proveedores de servicios sobre los desafíos y las estrategias de apoyo

Introduction : Newcomer students seek routine and safety in schools, but often experience a “hard landing” when they begin school in the United States. Objective: While there is substantial literature on the academic and language achievement of emergent bilingual students, there is less specifically on unaccompanied immigrant students, and even less on their social and emotional well-being. Methodology : This study uses a human rights framework to analyze qualitative data from service providers ( n = 79) for unaccompanied children. Results : Challenges to meeting the needs of this population include the limited capacity of schools and school districts, students’ language ability and preparedness for school, cultural differences, and individual health and mental health considerations. Supports to help immigrant students include academic and language assistance, cooperation among service providers, and emotional and behavioral programs. Conclusions : Recommendations include building community partnerships, creating more welcoming policies, school-assessments of programming compared to needs of newcomer students, and more research.
Decolonising the concept of knowledge

Controlling the definition of what was essentially a subjugated culture, the colonisers reserve the power to distinguish authentic aspects of the living traditions of the colonised. If the colonised argue political demands by reference to their culture, the colonisers are quick to adjudicate what is genuine in such claims. (Fannon, 1967) Since colonial invasions, Australia’s Indigenous people have weathered rapid change. While the origins of Australia’s Indigenous peoples continues to be an archaeological interest for many, how Indigenous cultures have survived, transformed and retained a sense of ‘difference’ is fundamental to understanding the diversity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures within this continent as both contemporaneous and historical. It is important that teachers, students and researchers within Indigenous studies remind themselves that much of the literature on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders can be ideologically traced back to the emergence of ‘knowledge’ about native peoples in the context of European imperialism and expansion from the fifteenth century. Care must therefore be taken in not conveying ‘scientific’ rational knowledge as perhaps the hidden agenda or notion of assumptions of European ‘superiority’ and non-European inferiority. The recognition by the High Court of Australia (1992) abandoned the legal myth of terra nullius which based the dispossession of Indigenous land on the basis of it being considered an empty land. It could also be argued that this decision recognised that distinct customs and traditions continue to exist within the social and cultural ‘knowledge’ of Indigenous peoples of Australia. General issues and concerns relating to research design, methodology and articulation within QUT are not just confined to this university and the research project presented as a case study but are important in dealing with how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students and academics participate or are employed within the university. We feel that the design and methodology of research that either covertly or overtly focuses on Indigenous Australians can no longer presume that all research will naturally follow protocols that are culturally appropriate as this appropriateness is usually defined by the institution. By no means do we feel that research should be debilitated as a result of raising these issues, but that collaborative approaches within the ‘process’ of research will address Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and communities as much as the intended outcomes of research itself.
Title: Comparative differences in musculoskeletal pain consultation and analgesic prescription for people with dementia: a UK wide matched cohort study

Painful musculoskeletal conditions are common in older adults, however pain identification, assessment, and management are reported to be suboptimal for people with dementia. Adequate pain management is an integral aspect of care for people with dementia to prevent or delay negative outcomes, such as behavioural and psychological changes, emergency department attendance, and premature nursing home admission. This study aims to examine musculoskeletal consultations and analgesic prescriptions for people with dementia compared to people without dementia. A dementia cohort ( n =36,582) and matched cohort were identified in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (a UK wide primary care database). Period prevalence for musculoskeletal consultations and analgesic prescriptions were described and logistic regression applied to estimate associations between dementia and musculoskeletal consultation/analgesic prescription from time of dementia diagnosis to 5 years post diagnosis. P eople with dementia had a consistently (over time) lower prevalence and odds of musculoskeletal consultation and analgesic prescription compared to people without dementia. The evidence suggests that pain management may be suboptimal for people with dementia. These results highlight the need to understand more about practical methods to increase awareness of pain and to employ better methods of pain assessment, evaluation of treatment response and acceptable and effective management for people with dementia, in primary care.
ANNALES DE L’INSTITUT FOURIER

— This paper is the first in a series of two articles whose aim is to extend a recent result of Guillarmou and of the second author on the local rigidity of the marked length spectrum from the case of compact negatively-curved Riemannian manifolds to the case of manifolds with hyperbolic cusps. In this first paper, we deal with the linear (or infinitesimal) version of the problem and prove that such manifolds are spectrally rigid for compactly supported deformations. More precisely, we prove that the X-ray transform on symmetric solenoidal 2tensors is injective. In order to do so, we expand the microlocal calculus developed by Bonthonneau and Bonthonneau–Weich to be able to invert pseudo-differential operators on Sobolev and Hölder–Zygmund spaces modulo compact remainders. This theory has an interest on its own and will be extensively used in the second paper in order to deal with the nonlinear problem. Résumé. — Cet article est le premier d’une série de deux, dont le but est d’étendre un récent résultat de Guillarmou et du second auteur sur la rigidité locale du spectre marqué des longueurs, du cas des variétés riemanniennes compactes à courbure négative au cas des variétés à pointes hyperboliques. Dans ce premier article, nous traitons la version linéaire (ou infinitésimale) du problème et prouvons que de telles variétés sont spectralement rigides pour des déformations à support compact. Plus précisément, nous prouvons que la transformée en rayons X sur les 2-tenseurs symétriques solénoïdaux est injective. Pour ce faire, nous développons un calcul microlocal introduit par Bonthonneau et Bonthonneau–Weich, nous permettant d’inverser des opérateurs pseudodifférentiels sur des espaces de Sobolev et de Hölder–Zygmund, modulo des restes compacts. Cette théorie, qui a un intérêt en soi, sera utilisée de façon cruciale dans notre second article pour traiter le problème non linéaire.
Sediment metagenomics reveals the impacts of poultry industry Sediment metagenomics reveals the impacts of poultry industry wastewater on antibiotic resistance and nitrogen cycling genes in wastewater on antibiotic resistance and nitrogen cycling genes in tidal creek ecosystems tidal creek ecosystem

,especiallynear the wastewaterdischarge. Abundancesof ARGs conferring resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines, and streptogramins were also higher in the impacted creek than the reference creek. From the N cycling genes detected in the metagenomes, nrfA ,thegeneticmarkerfordissimilatorynitratereductionto ammonia(DNRA),hadthestrongestpos-itive relationship with the total abundance of ARGs, which may indicate an increased potential of eutrophication in ARG-impacted ecosystems due to nitrogen retention. This study demonstrates that wastewater dischargefrom a poultry processing plant can increase the spread of ARGs, which may result in negative impacts on ecosystem health.
Clot Management in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Fighting Your Enemy

Clot is often the enemy during primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Taking inspiration from the ancient wisdom of fighting a war, an interventionist should first look into the strength of the enemy, i.e. assess the thrombus burden, by both Thrombolysis in MI thrombus grade and angiographic features. This is to be followed by choosing the appropriate strategy: to attack – aspiration and mechanical thrombectomy; to surround – pharmacological therapy, including oral and parenteral antiplatelet therapy and intracoronary thrombolytic therapy; to avoid – stenting strategies including direct stenting and deferred stenting; to battle – stenting under a distal protection device or stenting across local obstructive thrombus; or to flee – to move from percutaneous coronary intervention to optimal antithrombotic therapy and circulatory support when flow fails to be regained. Of note, most of these strategies have not been demonstrated to be beneficial on routine use. The key remains to adopt different strategies selectively and appropriately in different scenarios.
Influence of Idealized Heterogeneity on Wet and Dry Planetary Boundary Layers Coupled to the Land Surface. 1; Instantaneous Fields and Statistics

This is the first in a two-part series of manuscripts describing numerical experiments on the influence of 2-30 km striplike heterogeneity on wet and dry boundary layers coupled to the land surface. The strip-like heterogeneity is shown to dramatically alter the structure of the free-convective boundary layer by inducing significant organized circulations that modify turbulent statistics. The coupling with the land-surface modifies the circulations compared to previous studies using fixed surface forcing. Total boundary layer turbulence kinetic energy increases significantly for surface heterogeneity at scales between X/zi = 4 and 9, however entrainment rates for all cases are largely unaffected by the strip-like heterogeneity.
Psychometric properties of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills in patients undergoing rehabilitation following hand-related disorders

Introduction Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) has been proven to be a suitable measurement tool for assessing performance-based ADL ability; however, its reliability and validity have not been tested on patients with hand-related disorders. Methods Patients referred for outpatient hand rehabilitation were assessed with AMPS, The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), dynamometer and goniometer at baseline and after eight weeks of hand therapy. Construct validity and responsiveness of AMPS were assessed by hypothesis testing. Construct validity was assessed by correlating the baseline score of AMPS with the baseline score of the other measurement tools. Responsiveness was assessed by correlating the change scores of each measurement tool with a Global Rating Scale. Results Fifty-one patients were recruited. The construct validity of AMPS indicated that the various measurement tools captured different aspects to functioning from the AMPS, as the correlations between AMPS and the other measurement tools were generally weak to low (r < 0.25 to 0.49). AMPS was less responsive than COPM when correlated with the GRS. The correlation between COPM and GRS was r = 0.62 compared with the AMPS motor, r = 0.45 and AMPS process, r = 0.33. Relative responsiveness of AMPS is similar to that of the dynamometer (r = 0.39) and goniometer (r = –0.34). Discussion In a sample of 51 patients, this study found that the construct validity of AMPS seemed to be moderate, while the responsiveness of AMPS seemed to be poor. However, due to the small sample size no conclusions can be made, and should be further assessed in larger studies.
Application of Dipping in CaCl 2 Solution as a Postharvest Treatment to Maintain the Quality of Pineapple during Storage

— Pineapple is a perishable agricultural product, therefore an appropriate treatment at the postharvest stage Is required to maintain the quality and prolong the shelf life. Recently, several efforts have been conducted to achieve the purposes. Moreover, appropriate treatments are still required for alternative solution for pineapples producers. This study aims to determine the effect of the dipping in CaCl 2 solution at various concentrations on physical (mold incidence and mold severity), chemical (pH value), and sensory properties (color, texture, aroma, taste, and overall acceptance) of pineapple during storage. The dipping of the fruits was conducted at 50 ℃ ). The samples were MD-2 pineapple with two different classifications of shell color (shell color 0 and shell color 2). The results showed that there was no significant effect of dipping in the CaCl 2 solution at 50 ℃ on the parameters of pH value, mold The mold incidence and mold severity were detected after 16 th day of storage on treated samples and control. After storage for 40 th days, the treated sample had better sensory properties compared to untreated ones, particularly on texture, color, and overall acceptance.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma: proposal for a monitoring protocol

: BackgroundAim of the study was to report 4 cases of breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) from a single institution and to propose a multidisciplinary protocol. MethodsFrom 2012-2014, four BIA-ALCL cases were diagnosed. The authors performed the original operation and no patients were referred to their practice. Case-1, -2, -4 were a CD4+/CD30+/ALK-ALCL with previous textured-implant reconstruction, while case-3 was a CD8+/CD30+/ALK-ALCL with previous polyurethane-implant augmentation. A retrospective study of all patients who underwent breast implant positioning was performed to identify any misdiagnosed cases