Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mixed cropping effects on growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietenum L.).

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of mixed cropping of wheat and chickpea on their growth and nodulation in chickpea. The plants were grown to maturity alone and in a mixture and data on different plant parameters collected after 2, 3, and 4 (maturity) months of seed sowing. When grown in mixture, wheat had an inhibitory effect on root proliferation, total biomass and grain yield of chickpea; the value of different parameters in mixture being one third of that determined when chickpea was grown as a sole crop. This inhibition was also reflected in the number of nodules per plant and was assumed to result at least partially from physiological malfunctioning of roots as reflected by a drastic and significant decrease (p = 0.05) in tissue water concentration. The inhibition intensified with time and severity of damage to chickpea roots maximized at maturity as suggested by a sharp decrease in root/shoot ratio. Interestingly, the weight of individual nodules was significantly better when chickpea was grown in mixture. Contrary to chickpea, biomass yield of wheat increased by >100% due to the companion crop. The improvement was observed in all the plant components except for 100-grain weight that showed a significant decrease (p = 0.05); harvest index and green-ness of flag leaf was not affected.
AzTEC 1.1-mm images of 16 radio galaxies at 0.5 < z < 5.2 and a quasar at z= 6.3

We present 1.1-mm observations for a sample of 16 powerful radio galaxies at 0.5 < z < 5.2 and a radio-quiet quasar at z = 6.3, obtained using the AzTEC bolometer array mounted on the Atacama Submillimetre Telescope Experiment (ASTE) or the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). This paper more than doubles the number of high-z radio galaxies imaged at millimetre/submillimetre wavelengths. We detect probable millimetre-wave counterparts for 11 of the active galaxies. The six active galaxies that do not have a probable millimetre counterpart in our images nevertheless have one or more likely associated millimetric source. Thus, we conclude that powerful (radio-loud) active galaxies at high-z are beacons for finding luminous millimetre/submillimetre galaxies at high-z. The flux densities of our AzTEC counterparts imply star formation rates ranging from <200 to ∼1300 M⊙ yr−1. In addition, we find that for the radio galaxies the 1.1-mm flux density is anticorrelated with the largest angular size of the radio source. We also present new Spitzer imaging observations of several active galaxies in our sample. Combining these with archival data, we examine the mid-infrared colours of our sample. We find that radio galaxies for which we have detected a probable 1.1-mm counterpart have mid-infrared colours consistent with dusty starbursts, and are usually bluer than high-z Spitzer-selected active galaxies. In addition, we find arcs of 24-m sources extending across ∼200–500 kpc, apparently associated with three of the radio galaxies.
Characterisation and Antibiotic Resistance of Selected Bacterial Pathogens Recovered from Dairy Cattle Manure during Anaerobic Mono-Digestion in a Balloon-Type Digester

Dairy cattle manure serves as a potential source of contamination and infection of animals, humans and the environment. Manure samples withdrawn from a balloon-type digester during anaerobic digestion were evaluated for the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. The bacterial load of the samples was determined via a viable plate count method and the recovered isolates were subjected to characterisation and identification. These isolates were employed in antibiotic susceptibility testing using a disc diffusion method against a suite of 10 conventional antibiotics. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index was calculated and MAR phenotypes were generated. Although all the bacterial pathogens showed a certain degree of resistance to the studied antibiotics, a marked resistance was demonstrated by Campylobacter sp. to co-trimoxazole (87.5%) and nalidixic acid (81.5%). Remarkably, a high resistance (82.42%) was demonstrated against the antibiotic class, macrolide, followed by beta-lactams (40.44%), suggesting that bacterial resistance depended on the chemical structure of the antibiotics. However, individual bacterial isolates varied in resistance to particular antibiotics. Of the 83 bacterial isolates, 40(48.19%) observed MAR > 0.2 and, thus, were described as multidrug-resistant isolates. A total of 28 MAR phenotypes were revealed with the highest frequency of MAR phenotypes (37.5%) expressed against 3 antibiotics. Results indicated a high risk of exposure to various antibiotics and wide diversity of antibiotic resistance.
Multiscale dual-level network for hyperspectral image classification

Abstract. We propose a new dual-level convolutional neural network model based on Inception modules and residual connections. First, Inception has filters with different kernel sizes, and its output feature maps contain different scales of receptive fields. The feature map with the wide receptive field receives the global information, while the feature map with the small receptive field contains some local information. The multiscale feature provides more comprehensive information. Second, with the help of residual connections, the training process is simple and can avoid overfitting. Third, the proposed network adopts two levels, i.e., a low level and a high level, and uses the feature fusion operation to take full advantage of the complementary and correlated information of the two levels. Fourth, we combine the spatial features and the spectral features of hyperspectral image (HSI). The pixels to be classified with their neighborhood information serve as the input of the neural network to realize spectral–spatial classification for HSI. Experimental results show that our model performs better than other state-of-the-art methods.
From Victim to Criminal and Back: The Minority Threat Framework's Impact on Latinx Immigrants

Extreme poverty, violence, or persecution have traditionally been viewed as legitimate reasons for resettlement in another country. After all, theUnited States “founding fathers” fled Great Britain in pursuit of religious freedom. However, although countries benefit from incoming immigrants, increasing flows of migration from select “sending” countries has generated hostility from the native-born of “receiving” countries. During migration, the view of immigrants as victims needing humanitarian aid shifts to that of criminals requiring control. This shift perpetuates a feedback loop, confounding the status of immigrants as victims and criminals simultaneously. Migrants experience numerous vulnerabilities that increase victimization risk in their homeland and throughout the migration process. Meanwhile, the perceived threat of immigrants entering the United States (regardless of legality) increase restrictive policies. The enforcement and publicity of such policies simultaneously stigmatize immigrants and fuel the perception of vulnerability, leaving immigrants susceptible to targeting and victimization on U.S. soil. This essay begins with a brief overview of immigration and immigration policy, followed by a discussion on the Minority Threat Framework (MTF) (King andWheelock 2007) and its present focus on Latinx immigrants. “Solutions” to the immigrant “threat” are then examined in relation to subsequent postmigration immigrant victimization.
Changes in the behavior of economies in a DSGE model in thecourse of time

The contribution uses a NK DSGE model as a tool for analysis of model behavior. The used macroeconomic model is a SOE model derived from microeconomic foundations and presumes four types of agents. Aim of the contribution is to identify changes in behavior of modeled economies during dramatic economic events and explain observed changes in the mechanics of the model. The method proceeds from Bayesian estimates of parameters and impulse response functions. In order to analyze changes in parameter estimates and impulse response functions in time, a number of estimation procedures are carried out. Each estimation involves the same baseline model with the same prior setting and varies only in the time-frame of the data set. Resulting changes in the estimates of parameters and different shapes of impulse response functions may point to changes in behavior of the system caused only by using different data span. Such model results may be explained in the context of changed behavior of economic agents.
The Other Side of Learning: Allocating Resources To Restore Well-Being.

This paper presents findings of a study that examined the effects of age and gender on the ways in which students in The Netherlands coped with academic and interpersonal stressors. Two types of coping strategies were examined problemfocused and emotion-focused. Problem-focused coping refers to attempts to alter the stressor through confrontation or planful problem solving. Emotion-focused coping involves attempts to regulate negative emotional reactions to the stressor. The methods used included administration of the Stress and Coping Inventory (SCI) to 1,638 students (418 fifth-graders and 1,265 students in the second grade of secondary education). Interviews were also conducted to determine the extent to which students experienced psychoFomatic symptoms. Findings showed that the girls reported more stress than did boys. Students reported more problem-focused coping in response to academic stressors and more emotion-focused coping in response to interpersonal stressors. In addition, emotion-focused coping increased with age. Girls and boys used similar coping strategies in response to academic stressors. However, girls tended to adopt a double-focused approach to interpersonal stressors. These findings indicate that the conflict of interest between allocating resources to gain mastery and maintaining emotional well-being may be stronger in females than in males. In some stressful academic situations, an ambivalent coping strategy may chronically tax personal resources for marginal benefits. In situations involving interpersonal stressors, active coping, coupled with self-management techniques, may enhance female students' stress resistance. Five tables are included. Contains 22 references. (LMI) *********************************************************************** , Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Clinical neuromodulation in psychiatry: the state of the art or an art in a state?

Clinical neuromodulation began in psychiatry with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but in recent years several new techniques have been developed: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). Each works in a different way, although the principle remains to effect therapeutic change through physically modifying brain activity. Their use in different clinical groups varies between techniques, as does their underlying evidence base. Most support currently exists for rTMS, with a more modest, but growing database for tDCS. Understandably, but problematically, most research in the other techniques has, to date, been in unmasked open trials. This article describes the mechanism of action and current evidence base for each technique, and notes the challenges facing future work in this potentially important field and new clinical avenue.
Development of a Rapid RT-PCR Test for the Detection of Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid, Pear Blister Canker Viroid, Hop Stunt Viroid and Apple Scar Skin Viroid in Fruit Trees from Tunisia

A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was developed to investigate the occurrence ofpeach latent mosaic viroid� (PLMVd), � pear blister canker viroid� (PBCVd), � hop stunt viroid� (HSVd) andapple scar skin viroid� (ASSVd) on fruit trees (peach, pear, almond and apple) in Tunisia. The test was initially performed with total RNA preparations from selected isolates and then applied to total RNA preparations from leaf or bark tissues of fruit trees collected in the north of Tunisia and the Sahel. PLMVd was found to occur in peach and pear trees, HSVd in pear, peach and almond trees, and PBCVd in pear trees. Mixed PBCVd-HSVd and PLMVd-HSVd infections occurred naturally in pear trees. ASSVd was not detected in any samples from apple trees. The identity of the detected viroids was confirmed by comparing their sequences with those of other previously characterized isolates. The test was then simplified by direct use of diluted crude plant extracts. The results obtained from crude sap extracts of leaves or bark tissues and from total RNA preparations were identical. This improved test is thus quick and useful for large-scale routine analy- sis. It can be used in a certification programme to con- tribute to prevention of the occurrence and spread of PLMVd, HSVd, PBCVd and ASSVd in Tunisia.
Our Current Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A—Now 20 Years Old

ABSTRACT The DRI values for vitamin A were last reviewed and defined in 2001. At the time, there was very sparse data that could be used to set the DRI values for pregnancy, lactation, and infancy. In the subsequent 20 y since the last formal review, a number of findings relevant to the adequacy indicator of visual dark adaptation in pregnancy, the usual vitamin A content of breast milk across lactation stages, and vitamin A metabolism in women and children have been published. Furthermore, identification of genetic variables affecting the bioconversion of provitamin A carotenoids to vitamin A have provided an improved explanation for interindividual variability in responses to provitamin A carotenoids. The purpose of this collection of articles, introduced herein, is to review and apply recent findings about vitamin A status, address current gaps in knowledge, and suggest avenues for future research needed to refine the DRI values for pregnancy, lactation, and early life.
1 Non-flat Earth Recalibrated for Terrain and Rugged Soil Relief 2

Earth’s land surface area is raised from conventionally flat 15 to 64 Gha to account for hilly 8 undulation and soil relief detail. Three main aspects are: topography, rugosity/tortuosity and micro9 relief/porosity of vegetation-free ground. Recalibration is arrived at from four approaches: first, 10 direct empirical estimates from the few compiled satellite or LiDAR data with means of +2.5–26% 11 progressively overlain by +94% at cm2 scale for soil ruggedness then +108% for mm2 micro-relief; 12 second, from digital elevation models with 1.6–2.0 times flat areas; third, by ‘reverse engineering’ 13 global soil bulk densities and carbon reserves requiring x 2–6 land. Finally, a Fermi estimation 14 conveniently sets the World’s new surface area – that exposed to Sun, air and rain – at 100 Gha (with 15 36 Gha flat ocean). Soil organic carbon (SOC) is thence raised to 8,580 Gt mainly in SOM/humus 16 with its biotic complexity plus roots, VAM-fungi and leaf-litter, that itself = 17,800 Gt. Although four 17 to six times IPCC’s or NASA/NOAA’s calculations of just 1,500–2,300 Gt SOC, this is likely an 18 underestimation. Global biomass and biodiversity are at least doubled (x 2–3.5) and net primary 19 productivity (NPP) similarly increased on land to >270 Gt C yr-1 due to terrain. 20
Pengaruh Religiusitas dan Kelompok Referensi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian

In recent years the growing fashion trend in Indonesia is a muslim fashion trend. The current trend of muslim clothing in Indonesia such as Rabbani muslim clothing that is in accordance with the teachings of Islamic religion is polite, closed and designed with materials that are not thin or dreamy. This study aims to analyze and discuss the effect of Religiosity and Reference Groups on Purchasing Decisions. This study uses a nonprobability sampling method with judgmental sampling method. The number of samples in this study were 220 respondents were selected were respondents who had bought Muslim clothing Rabbani and aged 17-60 years. The measurement scale uses a likert scale. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis tools. Distribution questionnaires are done offline. The results of this study indicate that Religiosity does not significantly influence Purchasing Decisions. The results also showed that the Reference Group had a significant effect on Purchasing Decisions.
Lifetime Versus Annual Tax‐And‐Transfer Progressivity: Sweden, 1968–2009

In this paper, we analyze the evolution of tax-and-transfer progressivity in Sweden over both annual and lifetime horizons. Using a rich micro panel covering the period 1968–2009, we calculate tax rates over a cohort's entire working life cycle. Our main finding is that taxes are considerably less progressive over the lifetime than in any single year. Social insurance transfers to transitory low-income earners account for most of this result. We offer a number of robustness checks of the measurement of lifetime incomes and progressivity, but none of them changes our overall findings.
Commercial Naphtha Blends for Partially Premixed Combustion

Partially Premixed Combustion has shown the potential of low emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot with a simultaneous improvement in fuel efficiency. Several research groups have shown that a load range from idle to full load is possible, when using low-octane-number refinery streams, in the gasoline boiling range. As such refinery streams are not expected to be commercially available on the short term, the use of naphtha blends that are commercially available could provide a practical solution. The three blends used in this investigation have been tested in a single-cylinder engine for their emission and efficiency performance. Besides a presentation of the sensitivity to injection strategies, dilution levels and fuel pressure, emission performance is compared to legislated emission levels. Conventional diesel combustion benchmarks are used for reference to show possible improvements in indicated efficiency. Analysis of the heat release patterns revealed an interesting and strong correlation between the premixed fraction and the amount of soot produced. To be specific, each of the fuels showed a decrease in this fraction as either fuel pressure was lowered or load was increased, showing a transition from more premixed to mainly mixing-controlled combustion, with the corresponding soot emissions. For one blend, over the whole load range EURO VI PM levels were approached or achieved, combined with a peak gross indicated efficiency of 50% clearly indicating the potential of this concept.
Positive psychological capital and emotional labor: A study in educational organizations

Abstract This study aims to explore the effects of teachers’ psychological capital competencies on their emotional labor competencies based on their perceptions. It follows a quantitative research design adopting survey method. Data were collected from 266 teachers working in Siirt Province, Turkey. The results show that teachers have high levels of positive psychological capital (all self-efficacy, optimism, trust, extraversion, and hope dimensions) and though relatively low compared to psychological capital competencies, they often display emotional labor behaviors. It was also found out that PsyCap competencies teachers possess have an impact on their tendency to display emotional labor behaviors. The study presents valuable theoretical and practical implications for research on PsyCap and emotional labor at school organizations.
Breaking the rule: multiple patterns of scaling of sexual size dimorphism with body size in orthopteroid insects

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) although a widespread phenomenon among animals, is both enigmatic as to its proximate and ultimate causes and the scaling relationships between SSD and body size (Rensch’s rule). We analyzed SSD at the intraand interspecific levels in a number of representative species and genera of the major orthopteroid orders: Orthoptera, Phasmatodea, Mantodea, Blattodea, Dermaptera, Isoptera, and Mantophasmatodea. The vast majority of the species showed female biased SSD but numerous exceptions occur in cockroaches and earwigs. Rensch’s rule and its converse are not common patterns at both, intraand cross-species level, most species and genera showing an isometric relationship between male and female body sizes. In some but not all cases, the demonstrated allometric patterns could be related to geographic body size variation. We also showed that not all body size estimators produce the same degree of SSD and that dimorphism can be strongly influenced by a number of living conditions and the patterns of nymphal development. Finally, we discuss our results in relation to BIDAU, Claudio J. 1, Alberto TAFFAREL2,3 & Elio R. CASTILLO2,3 ISSN 0373-5680 (impresa), ISSN 1851-7471 (en línea) Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina 75 (1-2): 11-36, 2016 Trabajo Científico Article
Erythrocytes response to aerobic exercises in aging versus young anemic women

1Department of Physical Therapy, Kerdasa Hospital, Giza, Egypt Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular, Respiratory Disorders, and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular, Respiratory Disorders, and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular, Respiratory Disorder, and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (permanent). And Associate prof. at faculty of medical rehab science, Taibah University Egypt Department Internal Medicine, Kasr Alaini, Faculty Medicine, Cairo University Egypt
The Cryosphere Relative effect of slope and equilibrium line altitude on the retreat of Himalayan glaciers

It has been observed that a majority of glaciers in the Himalayas have been retreating. In this paper, we show that there are two major factors which control the advance/retreat of the Himalayan glaciers. They are the slope of the glacier and changes in the equilibrium line altitude. While it is well known, that these factors are important, we propose a new way of combining them and use it to predict retreat. The functional form of this model has been derived from numerical simulations using an ice-flow code. The model has been successfully applied to the movement of eight Himalayan glaciers during the past 25 years. It explains why the Gangotri glacier is retreating while Zemu of nearly the same length is stationary, even if they are subject to similar environmental changes. The model has also been applied to a larger set of glaciers in the Parbati basin, for which retreat based on satellite data is available, though over a shorter time period.