Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPARC: Optimal Estimation and Asymptotic Inference under Semiparametric Sparsity

We propose a new inferential framework called semiparametric regression via chromatography (SPARC) to handle the challenges of complex data analysis featured by high dimensionality and heterogeneity. The proposed model is semiparametric, including the generalized linear models (GLMs) as special cases. Under a semiparametric sparsity assumption, we develop a regularized statistical chromatographic estimation method, and establish the nearly optimal parameter estimation error bounds under Lq norms with 1 ≤ q <∞. Furthermore, we propose a unified framework for statistical inference based on the score functions under the SPARC model. The asymptotic properties of these tests are established in high dimensions. Our theory does not require the irrepresentable condition or any assumption on the minimal signal strength. We further examine the impact of model misspecification on parameter estimation and hypothesis tests. We also show that the proposed methods are applicable to the challenging settings with missing values or selection bias. Finally, we establish the corresponding theory for the multitask learning problem to handle the data with heterogeneity. In particular, under the semiparametric group sparsity assumption, we demonstrate that the resulting estimator can achieve an improvement in the estimation errors as compared to the L1-regularized estimator. These theoretical results are illustrated through simulation studies, and a real data example. Keyword: Central limit theorem, Confidence interval, Estimation error bounds, Generalized linear model, Group Lasso, Lasso, Score test, Semiparametric sparsity, U-statistics, Wald test
γ-δ Routh approximation for interval systems

The paper presents the /spl gamma/-/spl delta/ Routh approximation for interval systems. The interval /spl gamma/s and /spl delta/s are evaluated for the higher order interval systems, and then an rth-order approximant is obtained by retaining the first r, interval /spl delta/s, and /spl gamma/s. A numerical example illustrates the procedure.
On the index of reducibility of parameter ideals and Cohen-Macaulayness in a local ring

Let A be a Noetherian local ring with maximal ideal in an d a be an m-primary ideal o f A . Then Northcott proved that the number of irreducible components of a, which is called the index of reducibility of a, is equal to the length of HomA(A/m, A/a) [10]. In general, le t M be a finitely generated A-module and N be a submodule of M such that MIN has finite length. Then the number of irreducible components of N in M , which is also called the index of reducibility of N in M, is equal to the length of HomA(A/m, M IN ). It is well-known that if M is a Cohen-Macaulay A-module of dimension d, then the index of reducibility of a submodule x M of M , where x = • • • , xd is a system of parameters for M, depends only on M, and not on the choice of the system of parameters. On the other hand, it is known that in a local ring A , if the index of reducibility of any parameter ideal is equal to one, then A is Cohen-Macaulay, and hence Gorenstein [11]. But there are examples of a non-Cohen-Macaulay ring such that the index of reducibility of any parameter ideal is equal to a constant not depending on the choice of the system of parameters [3]. Concerning these results, the following question may be raised:
Improved approach to delay-dependent stability analysis of discrete-time systems with time-varying delay [Brief Paper]

This study focuses on studying the asymptotical stability analysis problem for discrete-time systems with time-varying delay. By utilising the S-procedure and an inequality technique, a novel delay-dependent stability criterion is derived in terms of two linear matrix inequalities. Since no slack variable is introduced, less decision variables are involved in the stability condition and the burden of numerical computation is thus reduced. It is also rigorously proved that the authors' result is less conservative than some recent ones. Furthermore, the developed approach is extended to address the stability analysis problem of delayed discrete-time systems with norm-bounded uncertainties. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Flexible Parametric Models for Long-Tailed Patent Count Distributions

This article explores alternative approaches to modeling the relationship between the number of patents and research and development expenditure. Patent counts typically exhibit long upper tails that are inadequately modeled by standard Poisson and negative binomial regression models. We compare the performance of two relatively new "semiparametric" approaches with two flexible parametric approaches in analysing two patent data sets. Copyright 2002 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Time reversed acoustics

The objective of this paper is to show that time-reversal invariance can be exploited in acoustics to accurately control wave propagation through complex media and create a variety of useful instruments. To illustrate the robustness of time reversal mirrors, several experiments conducted in multiply scattering media, in waveguides and in reverberant cavities are presented. They show that, contrary to long-held beliefs, multi pathing and multiple scattering enhances resolution in time reversal focusing, by making the effective size of the time reversal mirror much larger than its physical size. Applications of time-reversal mirrors in pulse echo detection and particularly in nondestructive testing will be discussed.
Inequality in Administrative Democracy: Methods and Evidence from Financial Rulemaking

Research on inequality in American democracy has focused on legislative processes, largely overlooking administrative policymaking, where most U.S. law is now made under pressure from vast amounts of money, lobbying, and political mobilization. Leveraging a broad suite of measurements of organizations’ wealth, participation, and lobbying success during rulemaking, we provide the first large-scale assessment of wealth inequality in agency rulemaking. To do so, we collect an original database of over 260,000 comments on the agency rules implementing the Dodd-Frank Act, in which we identify the lobbying activities of over 6,000 organizations. We find that wealthier organizations are more likely to participate in the rulemaking process, advance more sophisticated comments, and enjoy more success in shifting the content of federal agency rules. Our findings show how an organization’s wealth translates into political power in a country increasingly governed through agency rulemaking.
Nanogel-mediated delivery of oncomodulin secreted from regeneration-associated macrophages promotes sensory axon regeneration in the spinal cord

Preconditioning nerve injury enhances axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons in part by driving pro-regenerative perineuronal macrophage activation. How these macrophages influence the neuronal capacity of axon regeneration remains elusive. We report that oncomodulin (ONCM) is produced from the regeneration-associated macrophages and strongly influences regeneration of DRG sensory axons. We also attempted to promote sensory axon regeneration by nanogel-mediated delivery of ONCM to DRGs. Methods: In vitro neuron-macrophage interaction model and preconditioning sciatic nerve injury were used to verify the necessity of ONCM in preconditioning injury-induced neurite outgrowth. We developed a nanogel-mediated delivery system in which electrostatic encapsulation of ONCM by a reducible epsilon-poly(L-lysine)-nanogel (REPL-NG) enabled a controlled release of ONCM. Results: Sciatic nerve injury upregulated ONCM in DRG macrophages. ONCM in macrophages was necessary to produce pro-regenerative macrophages in the in vitro model of neuron-macrophage interaction and played an essential role in preconditioning-induced neurite outgrowth. ONCM increased neurite outgrowth in cultured DRG neurons by activating a distinct gene set, particularly neuropeptide-related genes. Increasing extracellularly secreted ONCM in DRGs sufficiently enhanced the capacity of neurite outgrowth. Intraganglionic injection of REPL-NG/ONCM complex allowed sustained ONCM activity in DRG tissue and achieved a remarkable long-range regeneration of dorsal column sensory axons beyond spinal cord lesion. Conclusion: NG-mediated ONCM delivery could be exploited as a therapeutic strategy for promoting sensory axon regeneration following spinal cord injury.
Factors Affecting Consumer Attitudes towards Online Shopping

: The major aim of the research paper is to find out the factors affecting customer attitudes toward online shopping in Sri Lanka. Primary data has been collected from the Sri Lankan shoppers who used websites to purchase goods or services over the internet through online catalog retailers that provide a large variety of items for their selection within the last one-year period (2020). The convenience sampling method was employed for the data collection process using an online survey and obtained 340 responses from online customers. The collected data were examined using factor analysis, structural model analysis, t-test, and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results imply that trust and perceived website image have a direct positive influence on attitude while relative advantage and perceived website reputation have indirect positive influences on the attitude toward online shopping. There were no significant differences in the attitudes toward online shopping across the districts. Married customers have a more positive attitude than unmarried customers. Several insights for these influences and differences were discussed.
Effect of phosphorus, zinc and their liquid biofertilizers on growth, yield attributes and yield of lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.)

A Field experiment was conducted in Rabi season 2019 at Instructional farm, College of Agriculture Kota, Rajasthan using lentil as a test crop to studies on effect of phosphorus, zinc and their liquid bio fertilizers on growth, yield attributes and yield of lentil. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 10 treatments viz. T 1 - Absolute control, T 2 - Recommended phosphorus dose (40 kg ha -1 ), T 3 - ZnSO 4 25 kg ha -1 soil application, T 4 - Biophos @ 5 ml kg -1 , T 5 - Biozinc @ 5 ml kg -1 , T 6 - Biophos @ 5 ml kg -1 + Biozinc @ 5 ml kg -1 , T 7 - 50% RD phosphorus + Biophos @ 5ml kg -1 , T 8 - 12.50 kg ZnSO 4 + Biophos @ 5ml kg -1 , T 9 - 50% RD phosphorus + Biophos @ 5ml kg -1 + Biozinc @ 5ml kg -1 , T 10 - 50% RD phosphorus + 12.5 kg ZnSO 4 + Biophos @ 5 ml kg -1 + Biozinc @ 5 ml kg -1 and three replications with lentil variety Kota Masoor-3. The result of field trial on response of lentil to application of phosphorus, zinc and their liquid biofertilizers showed synergistic effect on growth, yield attributes and yield of lentil. The results emerged out clearly indicated that use of 50% RD phosphorus + 12.5 kg ZnSO 4 + Biophos @ 5 ml kg -1 + Biozinc @ 5 ml kg -1 was found to be effective and significantly increase the growth and yield attributes of lentil crop viz . Plant height (25.97 cm), Chlorophyll content (3.05 mg g -1 ), number of nodules plant -1 (30.62), Fresh weight of nodules (37.04 mg plant -1 ), number of pods plant -1 (199.11), and number of seed pod -1 (1.71), seed yield (2337 kg ha -1 ) and stover yield (4630 kg ha -1 ), biological yield (6967 kg ha -1 ) were also obtained. Among the treatments, application of Biophos @ 5 ml kg -1 + Biozinc @ 5 ml kg -1 combination along with 50% RD phosphorus + 12.5 kg ZnSO 4 inoculation showed superiority over all the treatments for improving growth, yield attributes and yield of lentil. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of Biophos @ 5 ml kg -1 + Biozinc @ 5 ml kg -1 combination along with 50% RD phosphorus + 12.5 kg ZnSO 4 recorded statistically superior in growth, yield attributes and yield of lentil as compared to alone application of recommended dose of phosphorus.
Accurate Dependency Parsing and Tagging of Latin

Having access to high-quality grammatical annotations is important for downstream tasks in NLP as well as for corpus-based research. In this paper, we describe experiments with the Latin BERT word embeddings that were recently be made available by Bamman and Burns (2020). We show that these embeddings produce competitive results in the low-level task morpho-syntactic tagging. In addition, we describe a graph-based dependency parser that is trained with these embeddings and that clearly outperforms various baselines.
Perceived stress, burnout and compassion fatigue among frontline health workers during COVID-19 pandemic

Background: Among all groups, frontline health workers are at high risk of work-related stress, burnout and secondary traumatic stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Objectives: To assess the level of perceived stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, to see the association of these variables and to predict the value of the perceived stress and burnout for compassion fatigue among frontline health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Method : The study was a web-based cross-sectional study on 79 participants who were working as frontline health workers in any organization/hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were included in the study using the snowball sampling method. To assess perceived stress, compassion fatigue and burnout, Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale and Compassion Fatigue/Satisfaction self-test were used. Results: About 50.6% had moderate stress, 65.8% of total participants had an extremely low risk of burnout and 51.9% had an extremely high risk of compassion fatigue. The result showed a positive correlation between perceived stress and compassion fatigue (0.46), burnout and compassion fatigue (0.78), perceived stress and burnout (0.55) at p<. 01. Considering the finding of this study it is concluded that major steps need to be taken to improve the mental health of the frontline health care workers during the pandemic. To improve the current scenario of health care workers in regards to mental health, several steps need to be taken e. g. policy-making could be a good step, psychological intervention can be given to those health care workers who need it.
THE NATURE OF TYPE IV SOLAR RADIO BURSTS

From an analysis of spectral observations at Michigan, Fort Davis, and Sydney in the 25-600 Mc/s range, combined with simultaneous interferometric and single frequency observations in the range of frequencies 10009400 Mc/s and on 87 and 340 Mc/s, it is found that type IV emission in the range of frequencies 25- 580 Mc/s occurs in two distinct phases: (a) the first phase, usually observed at frequencies higher than about 250 Mc/s, appears to be an extension of the associated centimeter-wave burst which is also a broadband continuum emission. This emission occurs earlier than the associated type II burst and can even occur independent of any type II burst. The source of this emission is situated low in the chromosphere, has no significant movement and has a small angular size, usually less than 4'. The observed properties of this phase of continuum emission are consistent with the suggestion that it is caused low in the chromosphere by synchrotron radiation of electrons generated during the flare. When this phase occurs alone, the geomagnetic activity index increases slightly, 2-5 days after the type IV burst. (b) the second phase, usually more » observed at frequencies lower than about 250 Mc/s, is closely associated with a type II burst preceding it. The source of this continuum emission is situated high in the corona and moves with velocities of more than 1000 km/s. It has a large anguiar size, usually 10' or larger. This second phase of type IV emission was previously explained as due to synchrotron radiation of electrons higher in the corona, when a cloud of gas with a shock front (which excites the type II burst) moving at high velocities carries a frozen-in magnetic field to the appropriate heights in the corona. There is a great increase in geomagnetic activity index, 1-2 days after the second phase of type IV burst. (auth) « less
Effect of Planting Geometry and Duration of Intercrops on Performance of Pigeonpea-Finger Millet Introcropping Systems.

A field experiment was conducted during the wet seasons of 2001–2003 to study the effect of planting geometry and duration of intercrops on production potential, economics and energy relationship of pigeonpea[Cajanus cajan(L.) Milsp. ] + finger millet [Eleusine coracana(L.)Gaertn] intercropping systems. Early duration pigeonpea (UPAS 120) and intercropping at 2:4 row ratio was found superior to medium duration pigeonpea (TTB 7), and intercropping at 2:8 row ratio with regard to productivity, economics and energy output. Both long (‘PR 202’) and medium (‘Bhairabi’) duration finger millet varieties remained at par with each other on the above aspects. Among the intercropping systems ‘UPAS 120" pigeonpea + ‘Bhairabi’ finger millet at 2:4 row ratio appeared to be compatible, biologically efficient and economically viable with significantly higher pigeonpea seed equivalent yield (1.32 t/ha), land equivalent ratio (1.42), area time equivalent ratio (1.38), monetary advantage (Rs 5868), net return (Rs 8566/ha), return/rupee investment (1.74), energy output (93700 MJ/ha), energy-use efficiency for economic (237 g/MJ) and biological produce (747 g/MJ). It was closely followed by ‘UPAS 120’ pigeonpea + ‘PR 202’ finger millet at 2:4 row ratio.
Heavy Quark Symmetry

New symmetries of the strong interactions appear in heavy quark physics. They can be used to predict many properties of hadrons containing a single heavy quark. Some of these predictions are expected to play an important role in determining the values of elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix.
Maternal Outcomes of Severe Preeclampsia / Eclampsia and Associated Factors among Mothers Admitted in Referral Hospitals, North West Ethiopian Context, 2018 Clinics in Mother & Child Health

Objective Severe preeclampsia/eclampsia is a multi-systemic disorder of pregnancy occurring after 20 weeks of gestation associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The study`s objective was to assess factors associated with unfavorable maternal outcomes of severe preeclampsia/eclampsia, North West Ethiopian context, 2018. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among severe preeclamptic/Eclamptic mothers admitted in Amhara regional state referral Hospitals, Northern part of Ethiopia, 2018. All severe preeclamptic/Eclamptic mothers available during the data collection period were included as a census sampling technique. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was employed. Variables with P-Value <0.05 at 95% CI level was taken as statistically significant. Data were collected with pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire, entered into Epi-info and exported to SPSS for analysis. Results The study shows that the overall unfavorable maternal outcomes of severe preeclampsia/eclampsia were found to be 37.7% which is tragically high when compared with different previous study findings mentioned in the discussion section. Variables which were positively associated with unfavorable maternal outcomes were: Maternal educational status (AOR= 4.5, 95% CI: 1.95, 12.31), Residence (AOR= 2.1, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.72), Monthly family income (AOR= 2.7 95% CI: 1.25, 6.12), Parity (AOR= 6.7, 95% CI: 1.55, 12.6), History of abortion perceived (AOR= 3.5, 95% CI: 1.63, 7.58),
η−η′mixing: From electromagnetic transitions to weak decays of charm and beauty hadrons

It has been realized for a long time that knowing the η and η ' wave functions in terms of quark and gluon components probes our understanding of nonperturbative QCD dynamics. Great effort has been given to this challenge, yet no clear picture has emerged even with the most recent KLOE data. We point out which measurements would be most helpful in arriving at a more definite conclusion. A better knowledge of these wave functions will significantly help to disentangle the weight of different decay subprocesses in semileptonic decays of D + , D + and B + mesons. The resulting insights will be instrumental in treating even nonleptonic B transitions involving η and η ' and their CP asymmetries; thus they can sharpen the case for or against new physics intervening there.
Search for cold gas in z>2 damped Lyman-alpha systems: 21-cm and H_2 absorption

(Abridged) We present the results of a systematic GBT and GMRT survey for 21-cm absorption in a sample of 10 DLAs at 2 2 is predominantly constituted by WNM. The detection rate of 21-cm absorption seems to be higher for systems with higher N(HI) or metallicity. However, no clear correlation is found between the integrated 21-cm optical depth (or spin temperature) and either N(HI), metallicity or velocity spread of the low ionization species. There are 13 DLAs in our sample for which high resolution optical spectra covering the expected wavelength range of H_2 absorption are available. We report the detection of H_2 molecules in the z_abs = 3.3871 21-cm absorber towards J0203+1134 (PKS 0201+113). In 8 cases, neither H_2 nor 21-cm absorption are detected. The lack of 21-cm and H_2 absorption in these systems can be explained if most of the HI in these DLAs originate from low density high temperature gas. In one case we have a DLA with 21-cm absorption not showing H_2 absorption. In two cases, both species are detected but do not originate from the same velocity component. In the remaining 2 cases 21-cm absorption is not detected despite the presence of H_2 with evidence for the presence of cold gas. All this is consistent with the idea that the H_2 components seen in DLAs are compact (with sizes of < 15 pc) and contain only a small fraction (i.e typically <10%) of the total N(HI) measured in the DLAs.
Effects of thermal treatment on physical properties of teak veneer (Tectona grandis)

Thermo treatment on veneer has been recognized as environmentally friendly and can modify wood properties. The objectives of this study were to investigate mass loss of thermo-teak veneer, to assess the density changes, and to examine shrinkage based on different levels of temperature at different time lengths. The temperatures were 180, 200, 220, and 240 °C applied at three different lengths of time, i.e., 4, 8, and 12 min on teak veneer sheets. The results showed that the mass loss at the temperature of 180, 200, 220, and 240 °C were not significantly different. Density changes were significant depending on the level of temperatures. Percentage of density decrease changed from 3.85% to 15.69% at temperatures ranging from 180 to 240 °C but the length of time (4, 8, and 12 min of thermal treatment) did not have a significant effect. The mass loss ranged from 5.90% to 17.66%.