Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beneficiamento e qualidade de sementes de café arábica

A coffee seed lot of Catuai Amarelo cultivar was processed by air-screen machine and gravity table in order to study the effect of processing on seed quality. Samples were obtained in each step of the process constituting the treatments. It were evaluated on to germination, at 15 and 30 days, emergence index and speed in green house, and seedling dry matter. Water content, shape (peaberry and flat seeds) and the amount of seeds processed were also determined. Processing in air screen machine and gravity table improved the physiological quality of the coffee seeds; the equipments were efficient to separate a coffee seed lot into fractions of distinct physiological quality. Both, small and the light seeds showed inferior physiological quality compared to the other types. Peaberry seeds may have physiological quality similar to flat seeds.
Germination Ecology of Hairy Fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) and Its Implications for Weed Management

Abstract Hairy fleabane [Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist] is a problematic weed in Australian no-till cropping systems. Consequently, a study was conducted to examine the effect of temperature, light, salt stress, osmotic stress, burial depth, and sorghum crop residue on germination and emergence in two populations (C and W: collected from chick pea [Cicer arietinum L.] and wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] fields, respectively) of C. bonariensis. Both populations were able to germinate over a wide range of alternating day/night temperatures (15/5 to 35/25 C); however, the C population had optimum (and similar) germination over the range of 20/10 and 30/20 C, while the W population showed maximum germination at 25/15 C. A negative relationship was observed between osmotic potential and germination, with 31% and 14% germination of the C and W populations at –0.6 MPa, respectively. These observations suggest that population C was more tolerant to higher osmotic potentials than population W. Seeds of both populations germinated when exposed to a wide range of sodium chloride levels (NaCl, 0 to 200 mM); however, beyond 200 mM NaCl, no germination was observed in either population. Maximum germination of the C (70%) and W (41%) populations was observed on the soil surface with no emergence from a burial depth of 1 cm. The application of sorghum residue at an amount of 6,000 kg ha–1 reduced emergence of the C and W populations by 55% and 58%, respectively, compared with the no-residue treatment. Knowledge gained from this study suggests that the following strategies could be used for more efficacious management of C. bonariensis: (1) a shallow-tillage operation to bury weed seeds in conventional tillage systems, and (2) retention of sorghum residue on the soil surface in no-till systems.
A qualitative investigation of flow experience in group creativity

ABSTRACT The role of flow experience in a group creativity task, contemporary dance improvisation, was explored through qualitative content analysis. Our focus was upon the creative process itself, rather than upon creative outcomes. Six dancers took part in an improvisation workshop, reflecting on their creative practice and any associated flow. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with all participants supported by a video-cued recall of experience from the workshop. We interpreted their responses using qualitative content analysis. Effortless attention and enjoyment were predominant themes that emerged from the dancers’ reports while describing the flow. When experienced in collaboration, the flow was described as ‘becoming one with the group’. Dancers commonly associated flow with a highly creative state where they tended to find surprising, very ‘organic and natural’ movement solutions. Moreover, flow and group settings facilitated creativity through maintaining a desired creative focus for longer, lowering self-judgment and inspiring novel solutions. While findings concerning movement may be specific to dance, others are more generic to the process of group creativity. Our results confirm previous findings that associated flow with a state in which the person feels simultaneously cognitively efficient, motivated, and happy, and that these states can be facilitated in groups characterised by trust.
Leaf and Simulated Whole‐Canopy Photosynthesis in Two Co‐Occurring Tree Species

The goal of this study was to explore how leaf and canopy level difference interact in determining total canopy productivity. Maximum rates of carbon gain and transpiration were found to be higher in leaves of the deciduous oak quercus lobata than in the co—occurring evergreen oak Quercus agrifolia. However, the efficiency of water and nitrogen use is greater in leaves of Q. agrifolia. A biochemically based model of annual leaf photosynthesis using environmental field data indicates that the evergreen habit in Q. agrifolia partially compensates for the lower photosynthetic capacity of leaves and increases the amount of photosynthate produced per unit water or nitrogen. Simulations indicate that with low N or water availability, the evergreen species can produce canopies with greater annual production than the deciduous species; the converse is true at higher levels of resource supply. Some of the patterns of distribution of these species in northern California may be explained by examining the relationshi.
Knowledge acquisition strategy, speed of capability development and speed of SME internationalisation

From a study following two sequential on-site data collection stages at 618 internationalising SMEs in Sweden, Poland and China, we identify and validate four distinct international knowledge acquisition strategies. In contrast to traditional theories suggesting that firms develop capabilities by generating their own experience, we show that Grafters and Pragmatists have a higher speed of international capability development than Experiencers and Networkers. Subsequently, by drawing on capability development theory, we show that the speed of capability development has a curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) effect on the speed of spread between international markets. These findings have consequences both for practitioners and theory.
INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY OF SEED MORPHOLOGY IN CAPPARIS SPINOSA L.

Morphological description of seeds is a required step for analysis of biodiversity in natural populations and may give clues to adaptive strategies in species evolution. A cardioid is the curve described by a point of one circumference rolling around another circumference of equal radius. Models based on adjustment of seed shape with cardioid curves have been described for Arabidopsis thaliana and the model legumes Lotus japonicus and Medicago truncatula. In this work the model is applied to analyze seed morphology in populations of two subspecies of Capparis spinosa growing in Tunisia. Adjustment of seed images to cardioid curves, followed by statistical analysis of similarity in the complete images as well as in each of four quadrants, allows an accurate description of seed shape. The results show differences in morphology between subspecies. Seeds of subsp. rupestris present higher diversity of shape than seeds of subsp. spinosa. This may indicate primitiveness of C. subsp. rupestris seeds, associated with nonspecialization. The results are discussed in relation to the ecological strategies of both subspecies in their evolution.
Remembering possible times: Memory for details of past, future, and counterfactual simulations.

People’s capacity to mentally simulate future events ( episodic future thinking ) as well as what could have occurred in the past but did not ( episodic counterfactual thinking ) critically depends on their capacity to retrieve episodic memories. All 3 mental simulations are likely adaptive in that they involve rehearsing possible scenarios with the goal of improving future performance. However, the extent to which these mental simulations are useful at a later time depends on how well they are later remembered. Unfortunately, little is known about how such simulations are remembered. In the current study, we explored this issue by asking participants to retrieve episodic memories and generate future and counterfactual simulations in response to 4 cues: particular places, people, objects, and times. A day later participants received 3 of the 4 cues and were asked to recall the remaining 1. Our results indicate that people and locations are equally well remembered, regardless of the temporal orientation of the mental simulation. In contrast, objects in future simulations are recalled less frequently than are those in memories. Time was poorly remembered across conditions but especially when remembering a future or a counterfactual simulation. In light of these results, we discuss how temporal information may be incorporated into our hypothetical episodic simulations.
#Missing to #Found: Exploring police Twitter use for missing persons investigations

ABSTRACT Thousands of people go missing each year in Canada, with recent figures noting over 70,000 reports generated in 2019. While missing person cases can place strains on police resources, the use of Internet technology can attenuate some of the demands by aiding with the investigations. As a result, this exploratory study examines one social media tool, Twitter, for missing person investigations by police in Canada. Through logistic regression, we analyze 373 missing person tweets posted over two years (2017–2019) from 15 Canadian police services on Twitter to estimate which features are likely to increase public engagement (retweets, likes, and comments) with these tweets. Results reveal that there are several features significantly associated with higher engagement, such as images and hashtags, ergo increasing community outreach and participation, as well as the likelihood of efficiently and successfully solving these cases. Therefore, we suggest that having standardized components to missing person tweets will enhance the usefulness of this tool.
Examining the interplay between big data analytics and contextual factors in driving process innovation capabilities

ABSTRACT The potential of big data analytics in enabling improvements in business processes has urged researchers and practitioners to understand if, and under what combination of conditions, such novel technologies can support the enactment and management of business processes. While there is much discussion around how big data analytics can impact a firm’s incremental and radical process innovation capabilities, we still know very little about what big data analytics resources firms must invest in to drive such outcomes. To explore this topic, we ground this study on a theory-driven conceptualisation of big data analytics based on the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm. Based on this conceptualisation, we examine the fit between the big data analytics resources that underpin the notion, and their interplay with organisational contextual factors in driving a firm’s incremental and radical process innovation capabilities. Survey data from 202 chief information officers and IT managers working in Norwegian firms are analysed by means of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Results show that under different combinations of contextual factors the significance of big data analytics resources varies, with specific configurations leading to high levels of incremental and radical process innovation capabilities.
Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea)

Fifty‐three European species of Metaphycus are revised. Three generic synonymies are proposed, nine species are described as new, sixteen new specific synonymies and four new combinations are proposed and lectotypes are designated for three species (lounsburyi, philippiae, timberlakei). A dichotomous key to the species is provided, each species is further characterized by a description and notes are provided on their distribution and known hosts. A host‐parasitoid index for all known European species is provided as an appendix.
The karyotic mineralization window (KMW)

Snyopsis. Biomineralization is frequently a transient and intermittent activity characterised as a phase change in a small fluid-filled space bounded by sensitive cells. It is therefore a difficult phenomenon to identify and to experiment upon. The possibility has therefore been pursued of obtaining a "Mineralization Window" onto this process by following the activities of mixtures of trace amounts of inorganic ions. The results of a number of such experiments are considered in relation to the three different types of calcifying systems originally identified by Wilbur. The method of metal ion pairs is also of value in probing the relationships between amorphous deposits and the various crys? talline minerals that may be formed from them.
Benefits and Limitations of the Artificial with Respect to the Traditional Learning of Mathematics

The present article focuses on the role that the artificial teaching and learning of mathematics could play for education in the forthcoming era of a new industrial revolution that will be characterized by the development of an advanced Internet of things and energy, and by the cyber-physical systems controlled through it. Starting with a brief review of the traditional learning theories and methods of teaching mathematics, the article continues by studying the use of computers and of applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in mathematics education. The advantages and disadvantages of artificial with respect to traditional learning in the classroom are also discussed, and the article closes with the general conclusions and a few comments on the perspectives of future research on the subject.
Society for Advanced Bronchoscopy Consensus Statement and Guidelines for bronchoscopy and airway management amid the COVID-19 pandemic

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerging zoonotic virus that was initially identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China on December 30, 2019 and spread rapidly via human-tohuman transmission chains that existed before containment control measures were implemented. At the time of this writing, cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, have been reported in 184 countries (https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html), leading to the outbreak being classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020 (1). COVID-19 infection, in many cases, requires specialized airway management in intensive care units (ICU). Similar to the SARS pandemic in 2003, this viral infection appears to be a highly transmissible pathogen in healthcare environments, including transmission to healthcare personnel. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves worldwide, healthcare systems and providers struggle to strike a balance between providing medical care to those in need while limiting disease spread and exposure to patients and staff. The Society for Advanced Bronchoscopy (SAB) has formulated guidelines regarding bronchoscopy and airway management in this setting in an effort to summarize the currently available information and provide practical, evidence-based recommendations for those caring for or being asked to consider performing these high-risk procedures. Members of the SAB established a panel of practitioners, prioritized current challenges in the field to effectively respond to the pandemic, agreed on group processes, and provided full declaration of conflicts of interest. In preparing this document, and to the best of our knowledge, we performed an in-depth review of existing medical literature. We subsequently developed sequential evaluations of the quality of evidence across studies for specific situations that we may encounter as advanced bronchoscopists and interventional pulmonologists. We based the grade of recommendation on the quality of supporting evidence and the balance between benefits and harms (Table 1) (2). In this rapidly changing public health environment, we also acknowledge that best practices may vary amongst institutions based on local resources, expertise, patient populations, and continual updating of recommendations from major health organizations such as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov) and the WHO (www.who.int). Therefore, we are planning to update the protocols and recommendations outlined here (www. Guideline
Mechanical Restoration of California Mixed‐Conifer Forests: Does it Matter Which Trees Are Cut?

The montane ecosystems of northern California have been subjected to repeated manipulation and active fire suppression for over a century, resulting in changes in community structure that contribute to increased wildfire hazard. Ecosystem restoration via reduction of stand density for wildfire hazard mitigation has received substantial attention in recent years; however, many ecological questions remain unanswered. This study compares belowground effects of two alternative forest thinning treatments designed to restore the large, old tree component of late‐seral structure, one of which focuses on restoring Pinus ponderosa dominance (Pine‐preference) and the other of which promotes development of large trees regardless of species (Size‐preference). We evaluated forest floor and soil chemical and microbial parameters in six experimental thinning treatment units of 40 ha each in the Klamath National Forest of northern California 5–6 years after thinning. Inorganic N availability, soil organic C content, phenol oxidase activity, and forest floor C:N ratio were greater in the Size‐preference treatment, whereas forest floor N and soil pH were greater in the Pine‐preference treatment. Our results indicate that these two thinning strategies produce differences in the soil environment that has the potential to affect growth rates of trees that remain, as well as the growth and survivorship of newly established seedlings. Thus, which species/individuals are removed during structural restoration of these mixed‐conifer forests matters both to the belowground components of the ecosystem today and the vegetation and productivity of the ecosystem in future decades.
The positive correlation between avian species richness and human population density in Britain is not attributable to sampling bias

Aim To assess whether spatial variation in sampling effort drives positive correlations between human population density and species richness. Location British 10 × 10 km squares. Methods We calculated three measures of species richness from atlas data of breeding birds in Britain: total species richness, species richness standardised for sampling effort, and the number of species only recorded in supplementary casual records in a manner not standardised for survey effort. We then assessed the form of the relationship between these richness estimates and human population density, both with and without taking spatial autocorrelation into account. Results Both total and standardised species richness exhibit similar species richness–human population density relationships; species richness generally increases with human population density, but decreases at the very highest densities. Supplementary species richness is very weakly correlated with human population density. Main conclusions In this example, sampling effort only slightly influences the form of species richness–human population density relationships. The positive correlation between species richness and human population density and any resultant conservation conflicts are thus not artefactual patterns generated by confounding human density and sampling effort.
Floral Morphology of Artemisia annua with Special Reference to Trichomes

Floral morphology of Artemisia annua L. was described using light and scanning electron microscopy. Floral trichomes include nonglandular T-shaped filamentous trichomes, which occur on the basal bracts and pedicel of the capitulum, and 10-celled biseriate glandular trichomes on receptacle and bracts of capitula and corolla of florets. The heart-shaped biseriate glandular trichomes, composed of two columns of five cells each, are similar to those described for the leaf. During floral development, the cuticle surrounding the apical cells of biseriate glands detaches and forms a saclike reservoir for fluids excreted by the apical cells. The cuticle ruptures at anthesis, discharging its contents on the inflorescence. Artemisinin was detected by HPLC-EC from flowering branches dipped for 60 s in petroleum ether or acetonitrile, providing corroborating evidence that biseriate glandular trichomes were the likely site of artemisinin sequestration.
Pathogens of Ips amitinus: new species and comparison with Ips typographus

Ips amitinus and I. typographus are two serious pests of spruce in Europe, have similar bionomics and are likely to occur and meet on the same host trees. We therefore hypothesized that the two species support similar levels of similar pathogens. To test this hypothesis, we collected mature beetles from three trap trees at each of eight study sites and determined beetle numbers and pathogen infection levels. In total, 938 mature I. amitinus beetles and 3435 of I. typographus were dissected; five pathogens, as well as intestinal nematodes and endoparasitoids, were detected. The neogregarine Mattesia schwenkei is reported here for the first time as a new pathogen in 9.4% of I. amitinus individuals at one site. Average infection levels of most pathogens (Chytridiopsis typographi, Gregarina typographi, Mattesia schwenkei and parasitoids) were significantly higher in I. typographus than in I. amitinus. Metschnikowia typographi was confirmed only in Ips amitinus, while the microsporidium of Nosema typographi occurred only in I. typographus. Within‐season increases in G. typographi infection levels were documented in Ips amitinus.
Histochemical Studies on the Female Gametophyte of Argemone mexicana L

A qualitative histochemical analysis of insoluble polysaccharides, starch, RNA and total proteins during the development of female gametophyte of Argemone mexicana L. has been conducted. Ontogenetically, the plant exhibits a monosporic, Polygonum type of embryo sac.Cytoplasmic polysaccharides and starch grains exhibit considerable changes during megagametogenesis. At the archesporial stage, the nucellus stains uniformly. From the MMC to the tetrad stage, the walls of these cells take a deeper stain than the cytoplasm. The degenerating megaspores stain very intensely. Wall of the egg is weakly PAS positive in the chalazal region, but stains strongly in the micropylar region. Synergids also stain intensely in the micropylar region. Antipodals have a PAS positive wall all around, but the cytoplasm is weakly positive.Nucellar cells under the MMC start accumulating starch grains and the number increases till the formation of functional megaspore. In the coenocytic stages and the mature embryo sac, larger grains are found in cells closer to the embryo sac and smaller grains in cells away from the embryo sac.RNA and total proteins parallel each other in their distribution. The archesporial cell stains moderately for them. There is a decline in the staining intensity in MMC. There seems to be no conspicuous difference in the distribution of RNA and total proteins in the four megaspores in a tetrad. Nucellar cells near the MMC and subsequent stages of megasporo and megagametogenesis show lesser staining for these metabolites as compared to the cells away from MMC. This trend continues till the mature embryo sac stage, when the chalazal nucellar cells stain deeply for RNA and total proteins. Among the constituents of the embryo sac, the antipodals appear to be the most metabolically active, as is revealed by the staining intensity.