Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage in C57BL/6J mice increases motor stereotypies and compulsive-like behaviors

ABSTRACT Objective Long-term behavioral, mood, and cognitive deficits affect over 30% of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of the present study was to examine the neurobehavioral outcomes following endovascular perforation induced SAH in mice. Methods C57BL/6 J (B6) mice were exposed to endovascular perforation induced SAH or control surgery. Three weeks later, mice received a series of behavioral tests, e.g. motor function, stereotypy, learning, memory, behavioral flexibility, depression and anxiety. The immunohistologic experiment examined neuronalloss in the cortex following SAH. Results SAH mice exhibited increased marble burying and nestlet shredding compared to that of control mice. Although SAH did not affect memory, learning or reversal learning,mice displayed greater overall object exploration in the novel object recognition test, as well as elevated perseveration during probabilistic reversal learning.In the forced swim and open field tests, SAH mice performed comparably to that of control mice. However, SAH mice exhibited an increased frequency in ‘jumping’ behavior in the open field test. Histological analyses revealed reduced neuron density in the parietal-entorhinal cortices of SAH mice on the injured side compared to that of control mice. Discussion The findings suggest that parietal-entorhinal damage from SAH increases stereotyped motor behaviors and ‘compulsive-like’ behaviors without affecting cognition (learning and memory) or mood (anxiety and depression). This model can be used to better understand the neuropathophysiology following SAH that contributes to behavioral impairments in survivors with no gross sensory-motor deficits.
Burden of Neurological Disorders Across the US From 1990-2017

Key Points Question What is the current burden of neurological disorders in the US by states, and what are the temporal trends (from 1990 to 2017)? Findings Systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study shows that, in 2017, the 3 most burdensome neurological disorders in the US were stroke, Alzheimer disease and other dementias, and migraine. The burden of individual neurological disorders varied moderately to widely by states (a 1.2-fold to 7.5-fold difference), and the absolute numbers of incident, prevalent, and fatal cases and disability-adjusted life-years of neurological disorders (except for traumatic brain injury incidence; spinal cord injury prevalence; meningitis prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years; and encephalitis disability-adjusted life-years) across all US states increased from 1990 to 2017. Meaning A large and increasing number of people have various neurological disorders in the US, with significant variation in the burden of and trends in neurological disorders across the US states, and the reasons for these geographic variations need to be explored further.
Collecting Deer Keds (Diptera: Hippoboscidae: Lipoptena Nitzsch, 1818 and Neolipoptena Bequaert, 1942) and Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) From Hunter-Harvested Deer and Other Cervids

Abstract Deer keds (Diptera: Hippoboscidae: Lipoptena Nitzsch, 1818 and Neolipoptena Bequaert, 1942) are blood-feeding ectoparasites that primarily attack cervids and occasionally bite humans, while ticks may be found on cervids, but are more generalized in host choice. Recent detection of pathogens such as Anaplasma and Borrelia in deer keds and historical infections of tick-borne diseases provides reason to investigate these ectoparasites as vectors. However, previous methods employed to sample deer keds and ticks vary, making it difficult to standardize and compare ectoparasite burdens on cervids. Therefore, we propose a standardized protocol to collect deer keds and ticks from hunter-harvested deer, which combines previous methods of sampling, including timing of collections, dividing sections of the deer, and materials used in the collection process. We tested a three-section and a five-section sampling scheme in 2018 and 2019, respectively, and found that dividing the deer body into five sections provided more specificity in identifying where deer keds and ticks may be found on deer. Data from 2018 suggested that deer keds and ticks were found on all three sections (head, anterior, posterior), while data from 2019 suggested that more Ixodes scapularis were found on the head and deer keds were found on all body sections (head, dorsal anterior, dorsal posterior, ventral anterior, and ventral posterior). The protocol provides an efficient way to sample deer for deer keds and ticks and allows researchers to compare ectoparasite burdens across geographical regions. Furthermore, this protocol can be used to collect other ectoparasites from deer or other cervids.
Quantification of NG2‐positivity for the precise prediction of KMT2A gene rearrangements in childhood acute leukemia

It has long been known that there is a link between neuron glial antigen 2 (NG2) surface expression and KMT2A gene rearrangements in acute leukemia (AL). However, the exact levels of NG2 positivity that predict the presence of KMT2A rearrangement are not known. The current study focuses on a cohort of 505 pediatric AL patients who showed any level of positive NG2 expression (greater than 1% of cells) for whom comprehensive genetic data were available. NG2 expression was measured as either the percentage of positive cells or the number of molecules on the cell surface. KMT2A gene rearrangements were identified by FISH. The fusion partner was detected with RT‐PCR, LDI‐PCR or anchored multiplex PCR followed by high‐throughput sequencing. KMT2A‐positive samples comprised a substantial proportion of the NG2‐positive cohort (180 of 505, 36%), with a total of 19 different types of translocation. Despite its occurrence in other AL genetic subgroups, NG2 expression was significantly increased in AL patients with KMT2A rearrangements in terms of both the cell percentage and number of molecules per cell. The threshold levels (TL) for NG2‐positivity were established by ROC analysis of the whole cohort and separately for children less than 1 years old and older with lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloid (AML) leukemia. The lowest TL was defined in infants with ALL (7%), while in older children, the threshold was higher (12%). In AML patients, the situation was reversed, with 28% NG2‐positivity in infants and 14% in patients >1 year old. The defined TLs resulted in improved diagnostic performance compared to the conventional thresholds of 10% and 20% for all patient groups.
Joint estimation of case fatality rate of COVID‐19 and power of quarantine strategy performed in Wuhan, China

From the first case of COVID‐19 confirmed in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China, in early December 2019, it has been found in more than 160 countries and caused over 11,000 deaths as of March 20, 2020. Wuhan, as the city where the epidemic first broke out, has made great sacrifices to block the possible transmission. In this research, we estimate the case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID‐19 and quantify the effect of quarantine strategy utilized in Wuhan by developing an extended Susceptible–Infected–Recovered (SIR) model. The outcomes suggest that the CFR is 4.4% (95% CI [3.6%, 5.2%]) and the effect of the quarantine strategy is 99.3% (95% CI [99.2%, 99.5%]), which implies that such a method can significantly reduce the number of infections.
Superresolution architecture of pluripotency guarding adhesions

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) can generate almost all adult cell lineages. While it is clear that key transcriptional programmes are important elements for maintaining pluripotency, the equally essential requirement for cell adhesion to specific extracellular matrix components remains poorly defined. Our recent observation that hPSC colonies form unusually large “cornerstone” focal adhesions (FA), distinct from parental somatic cells, that are lost following differentiation, emphasises the potential of these atypical FA as gatekeepers of pluripotency. Here, using nanopatterns, we further demonstrate that physical restriction of adhesion size, in hPSC colonies, is sufficient to trigger differentiation. Using superresolution two-colour interfero-metric photo-activated localization microscopy (iPALM), we examined the three-dimensional architecture of these cornerstone adhesions and report vertical lamination of FA proteins with three main structural peculiarities: 1) integrin β5 and talin are present at high density, at the edges of cornerstone FA, adjacent to a vertical kank-rich protein wall. 2) Vinculin localises higher than expected with respect to the substrata and displays a head-above-tail orientation, and 3) surprisingly, actin and α-actinin are present in two discrete layers, a previously undescribed localisation for these proteins. Finally, we report that depletion of kanks diminishes FA patterning, and actin organisation within the colony, indicating a key role for kanks in hPSC colony architecture.
Corporate Attributes and Earnings Quality: The Moderating Effect of Corporate Age

It has been argued that corporate age is more than a surrogate that only serves as a control variable, and thus, the debate between young and old firms in itself requires a revision. Therefore, this study provides a unique finding of the influence of corporate's age diversity on the relationship between corporate attributes and earnings quality of listed companies in Nigeria. The study employs 616 firm-year observations for the period of 2012 to 2018. The data for the study are extracted from the annual reports of the listed firms and Thompson Reuters DataStream. Accruals model developed by Collins et al. (2017) is used as a proxy for earnings quality. A robust model is used to estimate the primary model of the study. The study documents that corporate size is less likely to reduce earnings manipulation than larger firms. It also reveals that corporate leverage, corporate board expertise and corporate age plays a crucial role in preventing earnings manipulation. The study also shows that corporate age moderates the negative relationship between corporate growth and earnings quality of listed companies in Nigeria. This suggests that older firms are more manured, and thus, they are more likely to protect their reputational capital than younger firms.
Ameliorative effect of Tribulus terrestris on haematological parameters against acephate induced subacute toxicity in Wistar rats

In the present research work ameliorative effect of Tribulus terrestris on subacute acephate induced toxicity was studied from general performance and evaluation of haematological parameters in male Wistar rats”. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided equally into five groups, group I served as a control and treated with normal saline while group II treated with acephate @ 75 mg/kg bw p.o. once daily for 15 days and acephate was withdrawn for next 15 days. Group III treated with acephate @ 75 mg/kg bw for 30 days, group IV treated initial 15 days with acephate @ 75 mg/kg bw and Tribulus terrestris @ 100 mg/kg bw for rest of 15 days p.o. once daily and group V treated with acephate @ 75 mg/kg bw + Tribulus terrestris @ 100 mg/kg bw from day 1-30. From the results of study significant reduction (P≤0.05) was observed in mean body weight of rats from group II and III treated with acephate. However, combination groups (acephate + Tribulus terrestris) IV and V showed least decrease in mean body weight as compared to acephate alone treated groups. Rats treated with acephate alone showed significant (P≤0.05) decrease in Hb, PCV, TEC and TLC values. Tribulus terrestris treated groups IV and V showed least change in Hb, PCV, TEC and TLC values. In differential leucocytes count, the mean neutrophil count was found significantly (P≤0.05) higher in group II and III as compared to control. However, group IV and V showed least alteration in neutrophil count. The mean lymphocyte and monocyte count in group II and group III treated rats decreased significantly (P≤0.05) as compared to control however, group IV and V rats indicated non-significant differences as comparable to control group. In conclusion, acephate produces signs of deleterious effect on haematological parameters which were ameliorated by treatment with hydroethanolic fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris.
Employee Remuneration and the Financial Performance of Selected Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

This study investigates employee remuneration and the performance of selected Nigeria manufacturing companies using five companies that had the highest asset base from the quoted manufacturing companies. A non-experimental research design was adopted using a dataset for the period 2009–2018 collated from the annual reports and financial statement of the selected manufacturing companies. Three hypotheses were proposed and tested using a multiple regression model. The findings revealed that there is a statistically significant relationship between staff salaries, post-employment benefits, and Profit after tax of selected Nigeria manufacturing companies with P-value of 0.0090 and 0.0006, respectively. The findings show that staff cost is not significantly related to profit with P-value of 0.8894. The study recommended that manufacturing companies should intensify training and retraining programmes for all staff, particularly the management staff, to improve management efficiency.
GROUND-MOTION ATTENUATION MODELLING IN AUSTRALIA; IMPLICATIONS FOR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD AND RISK

Ground-motion attenuation models have been derived for the Australian crust. These models employ both empirical and stochastic methods and are the first spectral groundmotion models to be based entirely on Australian ground-motion data. Two key datasets have been employed to derive empirical ground-motion attenuation models for Australia; one from data recorded in the Palaeozoic crust of southeastern Australia (SEA) and the other from the Archean shield region of southwestern Western Australia (WA). Empirical ground-motion models are derived for each of these datasets. In general, low-frequency (e.g. 1 Hz) ground-motion energy appears to attenuate less in WA than in SEA. These empirical models suggest that SEA has similar near-source attenuation with eastern North America. Stochastic methods are employed to simulate ground-motions for larger earthquakes in regions where recordings from real events are not available. These models are largely based upon source and attenuation parameters derived from empirical studies. Stochastic models are derived for SEA only. Spectral ground-motion predicted by these models are generally lower than ground-motion predicted by eastern North American models, particularly at high-frequencies ( f > 2 Hz). Results from this study have significant implications for earthquake hazard and risk in Australia. They suggest that we may be currently overestimating earthquake hazard in SEA. Furthermore, they suggest that we cannot simply rely on North American ground-motion models to predict earthquake ground motions in Australia.
The association between pneumothorax onset and meteorological parameters and air pollution

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relation of meteorological parameters and air pollutant particle concentrations with the incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in the Bolu region of Turkey. Methods Between January 2015 and February 2019, a total of 200 patients (175 males, 25 females; mean age 42.5±19.9 years, range, 10 to 88 years) with spontaneous pneumothorax were retrospectively analyzed. For each day, standard weather parameters including daily average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, actual pressure, and daily total precipitation and concentration of air pollutants (PM10 and SO2) were recorded. Results During the study period, there were 200 cases with spontaneous pneumothorax within 178 days. The number of days with spontaneous pneumothorax represented 11.8% of the total number of days (1,504 days). In the study, 76.9% of the days with spontaneous pneumothorax were clustered. All meteorological (temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed, and precipitation) and air pollution parameters (PM10 a nd SO2) were available for 1,438 days (95.61%) and 853 days (56.71%), respectively. There was a significant relationship between spontaneous pneumothorax and air temperature (r=-0.094, p=0.001), and air pollution (PM10, r=-0.080, p=0.020; SO2, r=-0.067, p=0.045). Conclusion Our study results show a relationship between spontaneous pneumothorax and air temperature, and air pollution. Preventing air pollution, which is a public health problem, can lead to a reduction in spontaneous pneumothorax.
X-RADIOGRApHy OF KNOSSIAN BRONzE AGE vESSELS: ASSESSING OUR KNOWLEDGE OF pRIMARy FORMING TECHNIqUES1

WHEN Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays in 1895, this opened up a new way for people to ‘look through things’ (Röntgen 1896). While the first published images demonstrated the technique’s potential for medical uses, X-rays of peruvian and Egyptian mummies soon established its potential also for archaeological applications (Culin 1896; petrie 1898). However, it was only in the 1930s that archaeologists began to employ X-rays for artefacts. Since then, X-radiography has become a tried and tested tool for the investigation of paintings, metals, ceramics, textiles, stone, and paper objects as well as geoarchaeological applications to soils and sediments (for a useful summary, see Lang and Middleton 2005). Among the most common uses of X-radiography of cultural materials are: (1) identification of the object and its condition; (2) identification of manufacturing method(s); (3) identification of material(s); (4) identification of joins, faults, breaks, repairs and reuse; (5) identification of finishing methods and decoration; (6) identification of forgeries. Given its range of applications, X-radiography has become a particularly valued tool among museum and gallery conservators (Gilardoni 1994; Graham and Eddie 1985; Lang and Middleton 2005). More recently, scholars and practitioners have been exploring the potential of other radiological techniques, such as stereoradiography, computer-assisted tomography (CAT) and microfocus radiography; their application to cultural material, especially regarding the study of mummies, is expanding rapidly (Halmshaw 1995; vandiver et al. 1991; Lang et al. 2005).
Marine and Petroleum Geology

The large-scale stratigraphic architecture of forced regressive deposits has been documented in many previous studies. Bed-scale facies architectural analyses of these deposits, however, are still very limited. The Cretaceous Ferron “Notom Delta” in southern Utah, U.S.A. contains a 20 km dip-oriented exposure of a stepped, forced regressive systems tract. The main focus of this paper is to reconstruct the paleogeography and depositional history of the systems tract based on detailed stratigraphic and facies architectural analysis using 23 geological sections, photomosaics, and walking out of beds. Internally, the systems tract consists of 6 parasequences, 11f to 11a from the oldest to the youngest. During the progradation of parasequences 11f to 11b the paleoshorelines were wave-dominated, as indicated by the abundance of HCS and/or SCS beds, wave-ripple cross-laminated beds, and the occurrence of diverse and robust ichnological suites attributable to the Skolithos and Cruziana Ichnofacies. Progradation of the wave-dominated shorelines resulted in more homogeneous and laterally continuous sand bodies. From 11b to 11a, however, there is a distinct change in paleoshoreline regime from wavedominated to tide-influenced as indicated by the common occurrence of tidal facies in 11a, including: (1) lenticular, wavy, and flaser bedding and bidirectional dipping cross strata; (2) reactivation surfaces, double-mud drapes, and ripple cross lamination with opposing dips at the toe of large dune-scale cross sets; (3) inclined heterolithic strata (IHS) and sigmoidal bedding with tidal rhythmites; and (4) cyclic vertical variation in facies and bed thickness and the common occurrence of sand-mud couplets. These tide-influenced facies show overall lower bioturbation intensity (BI 0-3). Progradation of the tideinfluenced shoreline results in more heterolithic delta-front facies. Tidal and/or tidal-fluvial channels further dissect delta-front sandstones, forming more isolated sand bodies. Data from this study, as well as previous work, show that width and thickness of the forced regressive parasequences are small, typically less than 5 km and 20 m respectively. In subsurface studies, identifying and correlating such small-scale parasequences using sparse data involve significant uncertainties. A combination of the diagnostic features indicating forced regression and different data sets is essential to better constrain the geometry and architecture these small-scale bodies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Dynamics in the soil, weed control and selectivity of sulfentrazone for eucalyptus

Weed control and selectivity of sulfentrazone for eucalyptus is directly related to its dynamics in the soil in different application modes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of sulfentrazone applied at different rates, in different soil types, and with different application modes, the weed control, and the injuries to eucalyptus plants of different clones. Field experiments were conducted in Itatinga and in Paranapanema, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, on sandy and clayey soils, respectively. The different sulfrentrazone rates (300 and 400 g ha-1 – sandy soil and 500 and 600 g ha-1 – clayey soil) were applied before and after subsoiling of the planting row in total area. Sulfrentrazone contents were quantified in soil samples of the 0-20 and 20-40 cm layers in the planting row and inter-row, using a Liquid Chromatography Mass/Mass (LC-MS/MS) system. Injuries on the eucalyptus plants and weed control were also evaluated. The sulfrentrazone contents in the soil were proportional to the applied rates, regardless of the soil, in the 27 and 70 DAA (days after application) (clayey) and 16 and 48 DAA (sandy) evaluations. In the first evaluations, the application of sulfentrazone before subsoiling resulted in a lower content of this herbicide in the planting row, compared to the application after subsoiling, but the contents were similar in the last evaluations (109 and 140 DAA). Weed control by the herbicide at the higher rates was better in the sandy soil (400 g ha-1) than in the clayey soil (600 g ha-1). No injuries to the tested Eucalyptus grandis clones (SF, SP1048, SP1049 and SP0791) were found under the study conditions. The sulfrentrazone dynamics is initially affected by the application mode, but it does not affect its weed control and selectivity for eucalyptus.