Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

To evaluate prevalence of depression and anxiety among Tuberculosis patients. A Prospective Study was carried out at Department of Bakhtawar Amin Hospital Multan from July 2021 to July 2022. The study was conducted on 400 patients. HADS, a 14-item questionnaire, was used to assess depression and anxiety. The 14 items were subdivided into 7 items for depression (HAD-D) and anxiety (HAD-A). Data was analyzed using SPSS v23. Independent association of variables was identified by calculating adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI. Prevalence of depression and anxiety were 224 (56%) and 220 (55%) respectively. Depression was more common in females, 127 (67%), as compared to males, 99 (47%). Anxiety was also common among females 131, (69%). Low body mass index, lack of formal education and perceived TB stigma was significantly associated with depression. More than half of the sample had depression and anxiety. Intensive treatment phase, high perceived stress and perceived stigma were associated with anxiety and depression.
Do topology and ferromagnetism cooperate at the 
EuS/Bi2Se3
 interface?

We probe the local magnetic properties of interfaces between the insulating ferromagnet EuS and the topological insulator Bi$_2$Se$_3$ using low energy muon spin rotation (LE-$\mu$SR). We compare these to the interface between EuS and the topologically trivial metal, titanium. Below the magnetic transition of EuS, we detect strong local magnetic fields which extend several nm into the adjacent layer and cause a complete depolarization of the muons. However, in both Bi$_2$Se$_3$ and titanium we measure similar local magnetic fields, implying that their origin is mostly independent of the topological properties of the interface electronic states. In addition, we use resonant soft X-ray angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SX-ARPES) to probe the electronic band structure at the interface between EuS and Bi$_2$Se$_3$. By tuning the photon energy to the Eu anti-resonance at the Eu $M_5$ pre-edge we are able to detect the Bi$_2$Se$_3$ conduction band, through a protective Al$_2$O$_3$ capping layer and the EuS layer. Moreover, we observe a signature of an interface-induced modification of the buried Bi$_2$Se$_3$ wave functions and/or the presence of interface states.
Energy-resolved supercurrent between two superconductors

In this paper I study the energy-resolved supercurrent of a junction consisting of a dirty normal metal between two superconductors. I also consider a cross geometry with two additional arms connecting the above mentioned junction with two normal reservoirs at equal and opposite voltages. The dependence of the supercurrent between the two superconductors on the applied voltages is studied.
The fate of axial U(1) in 2+1 flavor QCD towards the chiral limit

The region of the Columbia plot with two light quark flavors is not yet conclusively understood. Non-perturbative effects, e.g. the magnitude of the anomalous U(1) axial symmetry breaking, decides on the nature of the phase transition in this region. We report on our study of this region of the Columbia plot using lattice techniques. We use gauge field ensembles generated within the Highly Improved Staggered Quark discretization scheme, with the strange quark mass fixed at its physical value and the light quark mass varied such that $m_l=m_s/27$ and $m_s/40$, where $m_l=m_s/27$ corresponds to the physical light quark mass. We study the eigenvalue spectrum of QCD using the overlap Dirac operator on these gauge field ensembles at finite temperature around the chiral transition temperature $T_c$, as the light quark masses approach the chiral limit, and infer about the fate of the anomalous $U_A(1)$ symmetry breaking.
Impact of Dimensionality on PN Junctions

Low dimensional material systems provide a unique set of properties useful for solid-state devices. The building block of these devices is the PN junction. In this work, we present a dramatic difference in the electrostatics of PN junctions in lower dimensional systems, as against the well understood three dimensional systems. Reducing the dimensionality increases the fringing fields and depletion width significantly. We propose a novel method to derive analytic equations in 2D and 1D that considers the impact of neutral regions. The analytical results show an excellent match with both the experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The square root dependence of the depletion width on the ratio of dielectric constant and doping in 3D changes to a linear and exponential dependence for 2D and 1D respectively. This higher sensitivity of 1D PN junctions to its control parameters can be used towards new sensors.
Satellite thermographies as an essential tool for the identification of cold air pools: an example from SE Spain

ABSTRACT The processes involved in the formation of nocturnal temperature inversions (NTIs) are of great relevance throughout the year, notably influencing the surface distribution of minimum temperatures during nights of atmospheric stability. The low density of surface meteorological stations in the study area motivated the use of thermographies for the mapping and identification of cold air pools CAPs. Thermal distribution during stable nights leads to the formation of CAPs in valley areas and depressed areas, and in areas with warmer air (WAM) in orographically complex areas. The thermographies carried out with satellite products from AQUA and SUOMI-NPP (MODIS and VIIRS LST) represent the only tool capable of fully radiographing the territory under study, thus overcoming the limitations in the interpolation of minimum surface temperatures. The main objective of the research was, therefore, to value thermography as an important tool in the identification of CAPs. The products used were subjected to statistical validation with the surface temperatures recorded in meteorological observatories (R2 0.87/0.88 and Bias −1.2/-1.3) with a new objective of making thermal distribution maps in nocturnal stability processes …
Organisational capabilities for successful digital transformation: a global analysis of national football associations in the digital age

PurposeThe aim of this study is to identify organisational capabilities (OC) for a successful digital transformation (DT) and associated structures of internal teams to orchestrate and support DT.Design/methodology/approachAn explorative, qualitative study, comprising semi-structured interviews with 82 executives from 43 diverse National Football Associations (NFA) spread across five continents was conducted.FindingsThe results show that organisational culture, strategic sensitivity, up-to-date ICT-infrastructure, a digitally skilled workforce, leadership support, knowledge management and internal DT-teams are important capabilities to enable successful DT.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the different levels of maturity of digitalisation and the financial constraints, not every NFA intends or is able to assign a full-time staff member exclusively to digital issues. Therefore, the most appropriate person was interviewed in each NFA.Practical implicationsAdapting an organisational culture to the requirements of the digital age is one of the most important steps in implementing DT. It is equally important for the leadership to form the strategic framework and enable the necessary training of employees to improve the results of the digitalisation processes.Originality/valueThis is the first study investigating NFA's DT from a worldwide perspective, identifying the most important factors for successful DT-processes.
Spin axis orientation of 2060 Chiron from dust coma modeling

The numerical inverse model of comet dust tails (Fulle 1989) is improved in order to take into account possible effects of the nucleus rotation on the dust shell axis orientation, and is applied to the asymmetric dust coma image of 2060 Chiron (West 1991). Tests of the model allow to prove that the dust shell axis orientation (i) strongly affects the coma image fits, (ii) is uniquely determined and (iii) introduces changes of the second order in the solutions (loss rates and size distribution) with respect to other non-linear free parameters (time and size dependence of the dust velocity and ejection anisotropy). The comparison of our results with those of coma photometry allows to infer the most probable spin axis orientation: retrograde rotation and obliquity of about 135°
The Rest-Frame Optical Luminosity Functions of Galaxies at 2≤z≤3.5

We present the rest-frame optical (B, V, and R band) luminosity functions (LFs) of galaxies at 2 ≤ z ≤ 3.5, measured from a K-selected sample constructed from the deep NIR MUSYC, the ultradeep FIRES, and the GOODS-CDFS. This sample is unique for its combination of area and range of luminosities. The faint-end slopes of the LFs at z > 2 are consistent with those at z ~ 0. The characteristic magnitudes are significantly brighter than the local values (e.g., ~1.2 mag in the R band), while the measured values for Φ⋆ are typically ~5 times smaller. The B-band luminosity density at z ~ 2.3 is similar to the local value, and in the R band it is ~2 times smaller than the local value. We present the LF of distant red galaxies (DRGs), which we compare to that of non-DRGs. While DRGs and non-DRGs are characterized by similar LFs at the bright end, the faint-end slope of the non-DRG LF is much steeper than that of DRGs. The contribution of DRGs to the global densities down to the faintest probed luminosities is 14%-25% in number and 22%-33% in luminosity. From the derived rest-frame U - V colors and stellar population synthesis models, we estimate the mass-to-light ratios (M/L) of the different subsamples. The M/L ratios of DRGs are ~5 times higher (in the R and V bands) than those of non-DRGs. The global stellar mass density at 2 ≤ z ≤ 3.5 appears to be dominated by DRGs, whose contribution is of order ~60%-80% of the global value. Qualitatively similar results are obtained when the population is split by rest-frame U - V color instead of observed J - K color.
The mathematical theory of plasticity

1. Introduction 2. Foundations of the thoery 3. General theorems 4. The solution of plastic-elastic problems I 5. The solution of plastic-elastic problems II 6. Plane plastic strain and the theory of the slip-line field 7. Two-dimensional problems of steady motion 8. Non-steady motion problems of steady motion 9. Non-steady motion problems in two dimensions II 10. Axial symmetry 11. Miscellaneous topics 12. Platic anisotropy
A green approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles in gelatin/poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) hydrogels with Verbascum Longipedicellatum extract and their antibacterial activity

Abstract This study aimed to explain the production and the characterization of gelatin/poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid), Gel/p(HEMA-co-AMPS), hydrogels including silver nanoparticles (AgNP) that were developed with a simple, cost-effective and environmentally-friendly process. Silver ions were added to the Gel/p(HEMA-co-AMPS) hydrogel matrix synthesized via free radical polymerization, and silver nanoparticles were developed by in-situ reduction of silver ions (Ag+) in the swollen hydrogel using Verbascum Longipedicellatum plant extract. The structure and morphology of the prepared nanocomposite hydrogel were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, the swelling properties of hydrogels were investigated and AgNPs embedded in the hydrogel network were found to absorb more water, improving the swelling properties of hydrogels. Finally, the antibacterial activity of silver nanocomposites against S. aureus, E. faecalis, B. Subtilis, B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa as bacterial agents and C. albicans as fungal agent was examined. Therefore, the present study offers a multi-component hydrogel containing AgNPs with low-cost and environmentally-friendly fabrication process for application as bactericidal materials in biotechnology and biomedical fields. Graphical Abstract
Stationary free surface viscous flows without surface tension in three dimensions

We consider an incompressible, viscous, free surface flow down a three dimensional channel. In the absence of surface tension, we prove the existence of a unique stationary solution in weighted Sobolev spaces. The result is based on a thorough study of the pseudodifferential operator relating the normal velocity of the fluid and the normal component of the associated stress tensor along the free surface, and requires the use of the Nash-Moser Implicit Function Theorem.
Triplet (FOLFOXIRI) Versus Doublet (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) Regimen as First Line Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma, a Prospective Phase II, Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The outcomes of treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is still unsatisfactory. Several trials approved that, the upfront treatment with triplet regimen included fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan and oxaliplatin improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic disease as compared to standard doublet regimen. The objective of our study is evaluating the impact of upfront treatment with triplet (FOLFOXIRI) regimen on both oncological outcomes (response rate and survival) and patients’ tolerability in comparison to the standard doublet regimen. Methods: We randomly enrolled 64 patients with a newly diagnosed unresectable mCRC to receive either FOLFOXIRI (experimental arm) or FOLFIRI or FOLFOX4 (control arm) biweekly up to 12 cycles. The primary endpoints are overall response rate (RR) and patients’ tolerability. The secondary endpoints are the progression free and overall survival. Result: There was a significantly increase in RR (59% vs 37%) and complete remission rate (CR) (6.3% and 3.1%, respectively (P = 0.045) for the triplet therapy group compared to control group. Consequently, an increased rate of secondary resection of metastasis (21.9% vs 3.1% respectively; P=0.023). The FOLFOXIRI regimen was associated with higher rate of grade 3/4 toxicity but not statistically significant except febrile neutropenia (6.2%; P=0.03). There was numerical prolongation in the median PFS in the FOLFOXIRI group on compared to control group but not significantly (9 versus 8 months; P=0.11). The median OS was 20 and 22 months in FOLFOXIRI arm and control arm respectively with no statistically significant difference (P=0.57). Conclusion: FOLFOXIRI had a higher efficacy and higher conversion rate to secondary resection over the doublet regimen as an upfront treatment option, coupled with a manageable adverse event, but failed to improve the survival outcomes.
Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi (KIPI) Vaksin Covid-19 Dosis Pertama dan Kedua

Vaccination is an effort to prevent Covid-19. The Covid-19 vaccine is still relatively new and people are still afraid of a follow-up event after immunization (AEFI). To increase public participation in vaccination, the AEFI Covid-19 vaccine needs to be evaluated. The purpose of the study was to compare the AEFI of the first and second doses of the Covid-19 vaccine. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. Data collection using the adverse events following immunization questionnaire. The number of samples is 95 people. The research was conducted in the city of Padang online via google form. The research inclusion criteria were aged 18-50 years, had received the first and second doses of the Covid-19 vaccine. The results showed that 73.7% of respondents received the Sinovac vaccine. The results of the comparison of the first and second doses of AEFI, there was an increase in complaints felt by respondents during the second dose, where 8.2% experienced redness in the injection area, 60.7% experienced pain in the injection area and the pain did not interfere with daily activities, 22, 4% experienced swelling in the injection area and swelling did not interfere with daily activities, 47.1% experienced fatigue but did not interfere with daily activities, 29.4% respondents experienced headaches but did not interfere with daily activities, 15.3% respondents had fever. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the AEFI experienced by the respondents did not interfere with their daily activities. To overcome the Covid-19 vaccine AEFI, the public is advised to limit activities and get adequate rest.
Spatially resolved observation of the spectral hole burning in the Xe(L) amplifier on single and double vacancy 3d → 2p transitions in the 2.62 Å < λ < 2.94 Å range

The analysis of spatially resolved Xe(L) spectra obtained with Z−λ imaging reveals two prominent findings concerning the characteristics of the x-ray amplification occurring in self-trapped plasma channels formed by the focusing of multi-TW subpicosecond 248 nm laser pulses into a high-density gaseous Xe cluster target. They are (1) strongly saturated amplification across both lobes of the Xe(L) hollow atom 3d → 2p emission profile, a breadth that spans a spectral width of ∼600 eV, and (2) new evidence for the formation of x-ray spatial modes based on the signature of the transversely observed emission from the narrow trapped zone of the channel. The global characteristics of the spectral measurements, in concert with prior analyses of the strength of the amplification, indicate that the enhancement of the x-ray emission rate by intra-cluster superradiant dynamics plays a leading role in the amplification. This radiative interaction simultaneously promotes (a) a sharp boost in the effective gain, (b) the directly consequent efficient production of coherent Xe(L) x-rays from both single and double vacancy 3d → 2p transition arrays, estimated herein at ∼30%, and (c) the development of a very short x-ray pulse width τx. In the limit of sufficiently strong superradiant coupling in the cluster, the system assumes a dynamically collective character and acts as a single homogeneously broadened transition whose effective radiative width approaches the full Xe(L) bandwidth, a breadth that establishes a potential lower limit of τx ∼5–10 as, a value substantially less than the canonical atomic time ao/αc ≅ 24 as.
THE EVOLUTION AND IMPACTS OF MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY IN MAGNETIZED CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE

We carried out two-dimensional axisymmetric MHD simulations of core-collapse supernovae for rapidly rotating magnetized progenitors. By changing both the strength of the magnetic field and the spatial resolution, the evolution of the magnetorotational instability (MRI) and its impacts upon the dynamics are investigated. We found that the MRI greatly amplifies the seed magnetic fields in the regime where the buoyant mode, not the Alfvén mode, plays a primary role in the exponential growth phase. The MRI indeed has a powerful impact on the supernova dynamics. It makes the shock expansion faster and the explosion more energetic, with some models being accompanied by the collimated jet formations. These effects, however, are not made by the magnetic pressure except for the collimated jet formations. The angular momentum transfer induced by the MRI causes the expansion of the heating region, by which the accreting matter gain additional time to be heated by neutrinos. The MRI also drifts low-Yp matter from deep inside of the core to the heating region, which makes the net neutrino heating rate larger by the reduction of the cooling due to the electron capture. These two effects enhance the efficiency of the neutrino heating, which is found to be the key to boosting the explosion. Indeed, we found that our models explode far more weakly when the net neutrino heating is switched off. The contribution of the neutrino heating to the explosion energy could reach 60% even in the case of strongest magnetic field in the current simulations.
Local Fractional Z Transform in Fractal Space

In this letter, we first introduce the Yang-Fourier and Yang-Laplace transform in fractal space. Then, by using the technique of the Yang-Laplace transform in fractal space, we point out the local fractional Z transforms in fractal space based on theory of the local fractional calculus of local fractional continuous complex functions of fractional-order complex variables. Finally, the relation between the Yang-Laplace, the Yang-Fourier, and the local fractional Z-transforms in fractal space are investigated in detail.
The Prevalence, Location, and Dimensions Of Interthalamic Adhesions and Their Clinical Significance: Corpse Brain Analysis

Abstract Background Interthalamic adhesion (ITA) or massa intermedia is a midline rod-like neural structure interconnecting the medial surfaces of two thalami. Its absence is considered as a midline defect associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence, location, and dimensions of the ITA in South Asian brains. Materials and Methods One hundred midsagittal sections of adult cadaveric brains were examined for the presence or absence of ITAs, their location about the lateral wall of the third ventricle, and their dimensions. Results ITA was found in 86 sections. In two cases, it was double. There was no significant relationship between the incidence of ITAs and sex ( p > 0.05). The ITA was most commonly located in the anterosuperior quadrant. The horizontal diameter was 4.61 ± 1.17 mm, and the vertical diameter was 3.10 ± 0.78 mm. In all cases, the horizontal diameter was longer than the vertical. The average area of the ITA was significantly larger in females (17.56 ± 5.26 mm 2 ) than in males (13.62 ± 5.22 mm 2 ) ( p = 0.025). Conclusion Presence of ITA is common in South Asian brains, with usual location in the anterosuperior quadrant of the lateral wall of the third ventricle. The cross-sectional area of the ITA was significantly larger in females than in males. No correlation was found between the surface area of the ITA and the length of the third ventricle.
Mortality in Elderly Patients Taking Furosemide: Prospective Cohorts Study

Objectives Low blood pressure (BP) has been proposed as a risk factor of death in elderly patients. However, this association could be partially accounted for by the deleterious effects of BP-lowering drugs. We analyzed whether these drugs are associated to an increased risk of death in elderly patients taking multiple potential confounders into account. Design This is a prospective cohort study. Setting and Participants. Probabilistic sample of 772 community-dwelling patients aged >65 years living in Spain, who were appointed for an initial clinical visit and followed up through telephone calls 4, 6, 9, 12, and 60 months afterwards. Methods At baseline visit, BP was measured using standardized methods, and BP medications and risk factors of death in elderly patients (BMI, oxygen saturation, toxic habits, comorbidity, muscular strength, and functional and cognitive capacity) were collected. During the follow-up, the vital status of patients and the date of death were ascertained. Results During a median 5-year follow-up, 226 all-cause deaths occurred among the 686 participants included in the analysis. In a Cox regression model that included all the BP drug classes, diuretics and nitrites were significantly associated with mortality (p < 0.005). Within diuretics, furosemide was found to be responsible for the association of the group. In multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for BP and the rest of the mortality risk factors, furosemide remained as the only BP drug that was independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio 2.34; p < 0.01). Conclusions Furosemide was prospectively associated with increased mortality in older people. If confirmed, this drug should be taken into account by prescribers and considered a confounder in BP studies.