Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HAEMORRHAGIC VERSUS NON-HAEMORRHAGIC ASCITES IN CIRRHOSIS

: Objectives: To evaluate the impact of haemorrhagic ascites on prognosis of patients with advance cirrhosis, this study was further aimed to assess the relationship between haemorrhagic ascites and advance cirrhosis and its effect on prognosis. Methods: Eight hundred and thirty-eight patients having liver cirrhosis with ascites were analyzed retrospectively (over three years) while segregated into two groups haemorrhagic and non haemorrhagic ascites. Patient outcome variables were identified among both groups and independent predictors for survival were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates determined survival rate comparison between groups. Results: Haemorrhagic ascites was detected in (26.6%) patients. Spontaneous haemorrhagic ascites (79%) was the main cause of haemorrhagic ascites followed by hepatocellular carcinoma (14%) and iatrogenic (7.6%). Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and acute kidney injury were statistically significant (p= 0.0001, 0.0001) among groups. Overall mortality at year three was higher (83%) in haemorrhagic ascites group. Survival among both groups (haemorrhagic versus non haemorrhagic) at one month, one year and three year was found to be significant (p= 0.000, 0.000 and 0.000). Conclusion: Haemorrhagic ascites impact overall survival with more mortality in comparison to non haemorrhagic ascites. Haemorrhagic ascites was an independent predictor of survival. Haemorrhagic ascites is possibly considered another predictor of survival among advance cirrhosis.
OPTH_A_325037 4081..4090

1Departamento de Oftalmologia, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 2Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 3Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; 4Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 5Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 6Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
Journal Pre-proof Motor imagery alone drives corticospinal excitability during simultaneous action observation and motor imagery

We studied the motor simulation processes involved in concurrent action observation and motor imagery (AO+MI) using motor evoked potentials induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation. During congruent AO+MI, participants were shown videos of a model’s hand performing rhythmical finger movements, and they imagined moving the same finger of their own hand in synchrony with the observed finger. During incongruent AO+MI, the imagery task involved a different finger from the observed one. As expected, congruent AO+MI yielded robust facilitatory effects, relative to baseline, only in the effector involved in the task. Incongruent AO+MI produced equally pronounced effects in the effector that was engaged in MI, whilst no corticospinal facilitation was found for the effector corresponding to the observed action. We further replicated that engaging in pure AO without MI does not produce reliable effects. These results do not support the proposal that observed and imagined action are both simulated at the level of the primary motor cortex. Rather, motor imagery alone can sufficiently explain the observed effects in both AO+MI conditions. This bears clear implications for the application of AO+MI procedures in sport and neurorehabilitation.
Working capital management and Firm performance - In Swedish listed firms

Purpose: Present paper aims to help managers in their working capital management decisions by answering: Does the cash conversion cycle and its individual components affect firm performance of Swedish listed firms? Design/Methodology/approach: Present paper applies the cash conversion cycle and its individual components as working capital management measures to investigate the impact of working capital management on market value and profitability. During the period 2012-2015, 707 observations are made. These observations are based on non-financial firms listed on Stockholm OMX, operating in seven different industries. Findings: Present study finds no statistically significant impact of the cumulative cash conversion cycle on neither market value nor profitability. Present study further find no support for an impact of the separate cash conversion cycle components on market value or profitability. Originality/value: Present paper contributes to the research area of working capital management by studying the impact of the cash conversion cycle and its individual components on both market value and profitability in Swedish listed firms. The paper provides insights applicable for managerial decision-making.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Feedback-based debugging Feedback-based debugging

—Software debugging has long been regarded as a time and effort consuming task. In the process of debugging, developers usually need to manually inspect many program steps to see whether they deviate from their intended behaviors. Given that intended behaviors usually exist nowhere but in human mind, the automation of debugging turns out to be extremely hard, if not impossible. In this work, we propose a feedback-based debugging ap- proach, which (1) builds on light-weight human feedbacks on a buggy program and (2) regards the feedbacks as partial program speciﬁcation to infer suspicious steps of the buggy execution. Given a buggy program, we record its execution trace and allow developers to provide light-weight feedback on trace steps. Based on the feedbacks, we recommend suspicious steps on the trace. Moreover, our approach can further learn and approximate bug-free paths, which helps reduce required feedbacks to expedite the debugging process. We conduct an experiment to evaluate our approach with simulated feedbacks on 3409 mutated bugs across 3 open source projects. The results show that our feedback-based approach can detect 92.8% of the bugs and 65% of the detected bugs require less than 20 feedbacks. In addition, we implement our proof-of-concept tool, Microbat , and conduct a user study involving 16 participants on 3 debugging tasks. The results show that, compared to the participants using the baseline tool, Whyline , the ones using Microbat can spend on average 55.8% less time to locate the bugs.
Effect of Exosomes on Histological Changes of Spinal Cord Injury on Wistar Rats

Introduction: Spinal cord injury is a neuro-damage occurring from a complete or incomplete, traumatic or non-traumatic that results to degeneration, structural, biochemical, and physiological changes of tissue. Subventricular Zone (SVZ) is a neurogenic region where stem cells produced the immature neuroblast that can be transported to the olfactory bulb and differentiate into interneurons and oligodendrocytes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny lipid membrane bilayer vesicles secreted by different type of cells; they have an important physiological role to play in cell-cell communication, the application of EVs was very productive in neuro-protection, increasing successful brain remodeling, functional recovery. Objective: The aims of this research is to determine the effect of EVs on histological changes occurring as a result of spinal cord injury (SCI) on rats. Methods: The rats were allocated in to three groups: Sham group: Laminectomy without SCI (8 rats); SCI without treatment group: With SCI but no any treatment (8 rats); SCI + EVS group: SCI treated with dose of extracellular vesicles derived from SVZ (8 rats). Spinal cord injury was formed through weight compression method. Spinal cord was harvested on the epicenter of the injury, it was processed and stained by H &E and Cresyl violet staining techniques. Results: An injury was formed on the spinal cord, through observation of black dot on the injured area. H & E and cresyl violet staining shows much recovery of neural cells in EVs group compared to SCI group. Conclusion: It was concluded that EVs can pass freely through CSF into the injured area and make recovery
Non-invasive imaging in cardiac resynchronization therapy – part selection of patients

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established therapy for patients with advanced heart failure, depressed left ventricular function and wide QRS complex. However, individual response varies, and a substantial amount of patients do not respond to CRT. Recent studies observed that assessment of inter- and particularly intraventricular dyssynchrony may allow identification of potential responders to CRT. In addition, presence of scar tissue and venous anatomy may play a role in the selection of candidates. In this review, an extensive overview of the available dyssynchrony measurements is provided using echocardiography as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear imaging. Furthermore, other information derived from MRI, nuclear imaging and computed tomography useful for the selection of potential candidates for CRT will be discussed.
BARGAINING REGIMES AND WAGE DISPERSION Erling

eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a dynamic research platform to scholars worldwide. Abstract: The paper studies the relationship between wage dispersion and centralization. We distinguish between two sources of wage differentials: Heterogenous -workers with different skills and firms with varying levels of economic rent per employee. The corresponding dimensions of centralization, i.e. coordination across skills or across firms and industries, are studied separately. The analysis shows that centralization may produce both lower and higher skills differentials, depending on the relative factor shares of the different types of workers. Inter-firm or -industry wage differentials among workers of identical productive characteristics, on the other hand, is always reduced with a higher degree of centralization. With a high- and a low-wage sector, the central union tends to gain from the shift in employment associated with a narrowing of the wage gap since more workers are employed in the high-wage sector. Abstract The paper studies the relationship between wage dispersion and centralization. We distinguish between two sources of wage differentials: Heterogenous -workers with different skills and firms with varying levels of economic rent per employee. The corresponding dimensions of centralization, i.e. coordination across skills or across firms and industries, are studied separately. The analysis shows that centralization may produce both lower and higher skills differentials, depending on the relative factor shares of the different types of workers. Inter-firm or -industry wage differentials among workers of identical productive characteristics, on the other hand, is always reduced with a higher degree of centralization. With a high- and a low-wage sector, the central union tends to gain from the shift in employment associated with a narrowing of the wage gap since more workers are employed in the high-wage sector.
Program on International Migration Social the importance of the family for naturalisation decisions of the 1.5 generation

How do migrants make the decision to naturalize? The majority of the literature focuses on the economic costs and benefit calculus of individual migrants, usually those who arrived as adults. Yet a large and growing population of foreign-born individuals arrived as children. Despite spending their formative years in the United States, many remain foreign nationals into adulthood. Based on results from a discrete-time event history model of naturalization of 1.5 generation respondents in California we argue that the cost-benefit tradeoffs underlying most accounts of naturalization decisions will apply in different ways to this population. We show that especially for this population the decision to naturalize cannot be conceptualized as an individual choice but is strongly embedded within the family and co-ethnic context which, in turn, introduces symbolic concerns and country of origin related factors into the decision.
Statistical Inference and Simulation for Spatial Point Processes

EXAMPLES OF SPATIAL POINT PATTERNS INTRODUCTION TO POINT PROCESSES Point Processes on R^d Marked Point Processes and Multivariate Point Processes Unified Framework Space-Time Processes POISSON POINT PROCESSES Basic Properties Further Results Marked Poisson Processes SUMMARY STATISTICS First and Second Order Properties Summary Statistics Nonparametric Estimation Summary Statistics for Multivariate Point Processes Summary Statistics for Marked Point Processes COX PROCESSES Definition and Simple Examples Basic Properties Neyman-Scott Processes as Cox Processes Shot Noise Cox Processes Approximate Simulation of SNCPs Log Gaussian Cox Processes Simulation of Gaussian Fields and LGCPs Multivariate Cox Processes MARKOV POINT PROCESSES Finite Point Processes with a Density Pairwise Interaction Point Processes Markov Point Processes Extensions of Markov Point Processes to R^d Inhomogeneous Markov Point Processes Marked and Multivariate Markov Point Processes METROPOLIS-HASTINGS ALGORITHMS Description of Algorithms Background Material for Markov Chains Convergence Properties of Algorithms SIMULATION-BASED INFERENCE Monte Carlo Methods and Output Analysis Estimation of Ratios of Normalising Constants Approximate Likelihood Inference Using MCMC Monte Carlo Error Distribution of Estimates and Hypothesis Tests Approximate MissingData Likelihoods INFERENCE FOR MARKOV POINT PROCESSES Maximum Likelihood Inference Pseudo Likelihood Bayesian Inference INFERENCE FOR COX PROCESSES Minimum Contrast Estimation Conditional Simulation and Prediction Maximum Likelihood Inference Bayesian Inference BIRTH-DEATH PROCESSES AND PERFECT SIMULATION Spatial Birth-Death Processes Perfect Simulation APPENDICES History, Bibliography, and Software Measure Theoretical Details Moment Measures and Palm Distributions Perfect Simulation of SNCPs Simulation of Gaussian Fields Nearest-Neighbour Markov Point Processes Results for Spatial Birth-Death Processes References Subject Index Notation Index
Bayesian Modeling in Genetics and Genomics Bayesian Modeling in Genetics and Genomics

This chapter provides a critical review of statistical methods applied in animal and plant breeding programs, especially Bayesian methods. Classical and Bayesian procedures are presented in pedigree-based and marker-based models. The flexibility of the Bayesian approaches and their high accuracy of prediction of the breeding values are illustrated. We show a tendency of the superiority of Bayesian methods over best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) in accuracy of selection, but some difficulties on elicitation of some complex prior distributions are investigated. Genetic models including marker and pedigree information are more accurate than statistical models based on markers or pedigree alone.
(2016). Identification and analysis of low-molecular-weight dissolved organic carbon in subglacial basal ice ecosystems by ion chromatography. (12),

Determining the concentration and composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in glacial ecosystems is important for assessments of in situ microbial activity and contributions to wider biogeochemical cycles. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge of the abundance and character of DOC in basal ice and the subglacial environment and a lack of quantitative data on low-molecular-weight (LMW) DOC components, which are believed to be highly bioavailable to microorganisms. We investigated the abundance and composition of DOC in basal ice via a molecular-level DOC analysis.
Investigation of observer variability using a new method for determining color matching functions

The Munsell Color Science Laboratory has developed a new method for determining color matching functions. It relies on a mathematical model that expresses color matching functions as the product of linear transforms of the cone action spectra and variable transmittances of the lens and macula for each observer. With this model, the full spectral tristimulus functions can be computed from a minimum of five visual matches. A visual colorimeter was designed to implement the MCSL model. The current instrument utilizes CRT primaries and seven interference filters to make matches to simulated daylight in a 2 bipartite field. The system was designed to minimize the strain on observers. Color matching functions of naive observers can be measured in approximately 30 minutes. Results from an individual observer correlated well with data collected on the National Research Council of Canada's Trichromator. Color matching data for a single observer for 20 repetitions and 18 observers were measured. The variability for the single observer for 20 repetitions over a month's time was found to be similar to the uncertainty of matching within a measurement session. The variability of the 18 observers was found to be much larger. The results were compared with the CIE standard deviate observer. The CIE standard deviate observer showed variability similar to that of the single observer but much larger than the variability of the 18 observers evaluated in this research.
A New Look at Chern-Simons on Circle Bundles I: The Caloron Correspondence

We consider Chern-Simons theory on 3-manifold $M$ that is the total space of a circle bundle over a 2d base $\Sigma$. We show that this theory is equivalent to a new 2d TQFT on the base, which we call Caloron BF theory, that can be obtained by an appropriate type of push-forward. This is a gauge theory on a bundle with structure group given by the full affine level $k$ central extension of the loop group $LG$. The space of fields of this 2d theory is naturally symplectic, and this provides a new formulation of a result of Beasley-Witten about the equivariant localization of the Chern-Simons path integral. The main tool that we employ is the Caloron correspondence, originally due to Murray-Garland, that relates the space of gauge fields on $M$ with a certain enlarged space of connections on an equivariant version of the loop space of the $G$-bundle. We show that the symplectic structure that Beasley-Witten found is related to a looped version of the Atiyah-Bott construction in 2-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. We also show that Wilson loops that wrap a single circle fiber are also described very naturally in this framework. This first paper focuses on the classical aspects of this correspondence.
Solution of the Static Deflection Mode Shape Function of the Cantilever Beam under Transverse Flow Based on the Boundary Shooting Method

According to the characteristics of the reactor internal structure of nuclear power plants, the vibration of the secondary core support pillar in water can be modeled as the vibration of the cantilever beam structure under the action of transverse flow, and its first beam mode is highly likely to be activated. It is thus necessary to dedicate a separate study on the first-order beam mode. In this work, we study the secondary core support pillar in nuclear reactor AP1000 under the action of transverse flow and focus on the derivation of its static cantilever deflection mode shape function in order to lay a foundation for the calculation of hydrodynamic addedmass and frequency for the nuclear reactor internal components and their structural integrity evaluation. First, we proposed a set of nonlinear differential equations for the analysis of the single cantilever beam. Second, to solve the nonlinear differential equations, we used a boundary shooting framework in combination with the Runge–Kutta method. e results of the numerical simulation agree with the analytical solution to a very high degree, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the simulation method. Finally, we solved the static deflection mode shape function of the secondary core support pillar under the normal operating conditions.e nonlinear differential model and simulation method proposed in this paper can be used to solve the static cantilever deflection mode shape function of the equipment support tube.
T HE CONSEQUENCES OF REWARDLESSNESS IN ORCHIDS : REWARD - SUPPLEMENTATION EXPERIMENTS WITH A NACAMPTIS MORIO (O RCHIDACEAE ) 1

Pollinators are expected to respond to low reward availability in an inﬂorescence by visiting fewer ﬂowers before departure, thus potentially causing reduced visitation, but also reduced geitonogamous selﬁng. I tested this hypothesis using Anacamptis morio , an orchid that does not reward its pollinators. Supplementation of inﬂorescences with artiﬁcial nectar did not result in an increase in fruit set on supplemented inﬂorescences compared to control inﬂorescences and tended to reduce pollinia removal. Supplementation resulted in reduced fruit quality, but there was no evidence that this was as a result of inbreeding depression. Behavioral experiments showed that pollinating bumble bees, as predicted, visited more ﬂowers on supplemented inﬂorescences. Bumble bees also deposited more self-pollen on supplemented inﬂorescences, but this was marginally signiﬁcant. Bumble bee queens removed signiﬁcantly more pollinia from control inﬂorescences, while Bombus terrestris and B. lucorum workers did not. I conclude that while pollinators behaved as predicted, there was weak evidence that pollinia removal, pollen deposition, and fruit set followed the predictions of the hypothesis. I argue that this was probably because some pollinators were more efﬁcient at removing and depositing pollen on control inﬂorescences, while others were not.
OTT_A_309091 3309..3318

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: The cyclin D1 protein regulates cell cycle progression which is mediated by its interactions with cyclin-dependent kinases. Over-expression of cyclin D1 has been observed in several human cancers. This study was conducted to evaluate cyclin D1 expression in a large cohort of Middle Eastern breast cancers and determine its prognostic significance. Patients and Methods: Cyclin D1 expression was assessed immunohistochemically and its association with clinico-pathological parameters was analyzed in 1003 breast cancer patients. Results: Cyclin D1 was over-expressed in 59.4% (596/1003) of cases and significantly associated with a subset of breast cancers having favorable prognostic features, such as low grade (p < 0.0001), low stage (p = 0.0276), estrogen receptor (p < 0.0001) and progesterone receptor positive (p < 0.0001) tumors. An inverse association was found with triple negative breast cancers (p < 0.0001). More importantly, cyclin D1 expression was an independent predictor of favorable overall survival in our cohort (hazard ratio = 0.70; 95% confidence interval = 0.50–0.98; p = 0.0395). Also, tumors that highly expressed cyclin D1 had a longer recurrence-free survival. However, this significant association was seen only in univariate analysis. We also found cyclin D1 to be associated with phospho-Rb in luminal subtype of breast cancer and co-expression of both these markers was an independent predictor of luminal A breast cancer. Conclusion: Our results reinforced the role of cyclin D1 in breast cancer pathology and revealed its expression as a valuable independent prognostic indicator for breast cancer from Middle Eastern ethnicity.