Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Src activates retrograde membrane traffic through phosphorylation of GBF1

The Src tyrosine kinase controls cancer-critical protein glycosylation through Golgi to ER relocation of GALNTs enzymes. How Src induces this trafficking event is unknown. Golgi to ER transport depends on the GTP Exchange factor (GEF) GBF1 and small GTPase Arf1. Here we show that Src induces the formation of tubular transport carriers containing GALNTs through the activation of a GBF1-Arf1 complex. The complex is initiated by phosphorylation on GBF1 on 10 tyrosine residues; two of them, Y876 and Y898 are located near the C-terminus of the Sec7 GEF domain. Their phosphorylation promotes partial melting of the Sec7 domain, favoring binding to the GTPase. Perturbation of these rearrangements prevent GALNTs relocation. In sum, Src promotes GALNTs relocation by favoring binding of GBF1 to Arf1. Regulation of a GEF-Arf axis by tyrosine phosphorylation appears to be a highly conserved and wide-spread mechanism.
How and When Does Inclusive Leadership Curb Psychological Distress During a Crisis? Evidence From the COVID-19 Outbreak

Traumatic events such as a pandemic shatter the assumption of the workplace as a safe place. Nurses face risks of life-threatening infection, which can create psychological distress. Quality of care for infected patients depends on mental well-being of nurses which calls for research on predictors of stress among health care workers. Responding to a call for research on the effects of leadership styles on psychological distress during traumatic events, this paper uses the theoretical lens of social exchange theory and contributes to literature on relationships between inclusive leadership, psychological distress, work engagement, and self-sacrifice. Participants of this cross sectional study included 497 registered nurses from five hospitals in Wuhan. Data were collected with temporal separation through an online questionnaire. Partial least-squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze data. Results show inclusive leadership has a significant negative relationship with psychological distress. Work engagement mediates this relationship, and nurses’ self-sacrificial behavior moderates it. Findings indicate inclusive leadership style serves as a sustainable mechanism to reduce psychological distress during pandemics. It can operationalize the delivery of mental health support in real-time in work settings. Results provide empirical support for social exchange theory through high work engagement to help control psychological distress among nurses.
A Study on the Use of Organic Additives on the Protocorm-like Bodies (PLBS) Growth of Phalaenopsis violacea Orchid

The potential of different concentrations of various banana cultivars extracts, papaya extract, tomato extract and coconut water (0, 10, 20, 30%) to the control (without carbon source and plant growth regulator free medium) for reliable proliferation of Phalenopsis violacea protocorm-like bodies (PLB) under in vitro condition. The results indicated that organic extracts were taken up from the media as shown by the increased in percentage of PLB proliferation rate. Maximum growth of PLB was obtained in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) semi-solid medium supplemented with 10% of Mas (AA) banana pulp extract. However, it has been noticed that at a higher concentrations of organic extract tend to be inhibitory to the PLB proliferation which could be due to the osmotic stress. PLBs grown in half-strength MS supplemented with papaya extract had the lowest PLB proliferation rate among the different organic extracts. It can be concluded that, adding Mas (AA) banana pulp extract at concentration of 10% can be a potential replacement of sucrose in the media. Therefore, the short time length of in vitro culture and its high efficiency makes addition of suitable organic extracts well suited for mass propagation of Phalenopsis violacea orchid.
Assessment of Health Literacy in Orthopedic Trauma Patients in a Major Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background: Health literacy is defined as the degree of a person’s ability to retain, process, communicate, and comprehend basic health information. Inadequate health literacy impacts individuals of all ethnicities, ages, and educational levels. This study aimed to measure the level of comprehension in orthopedic trauma patients regarding their injuries, operations, postsurgical instructions, and general orthopedic health literacy. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study that utilized a self-administered questionnaire was handed out conveniently to 245 patients attending the trauma orthopedic clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh. The questionnaire was composed of 3 parts: the first was demographic data, second was about questions pertaining to the comprehension of their injury, the third was questions measuring general orthopedic literacy. Results: Mean age was 41 years old, and 75.1% were males. Out of all patients, 87% (n=213) successfully named the bone that they injured. On the other hand, only 11% (n=27) were able to select the correct answer regarding general X-ray facts. The group with a higher financial status scored higher on general orthopedic literacy questions (41% ± 20.5) than the group with a lower financial status (34% ± 22.8) (p=0.03). Forward logistic regression revealed that females were significantly more capable to tell what’s not true about X-rays than males (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.66). Conclusion: Our orthopedic trauma population highlighted a significant lack of comprehension to their injuries, post-operative instruction, the course of their treatment and general orthopedic knowledge. Audits and development strategies, if implemented, followed by long-term studies of an improved method of communication between health care provider and the patient can shed light on potential risk factors and ensure an effective level of understanding for the patient.
Increasing Co-occurrence of Additional Autoimmune Disorders at Diabetes Type 1 Onset Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed in Years 2010–2018—Single-Center Study

Objectives: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in children is growing, but its relation to other autoimmune disorders that coexist since the onset of diabetes is not recognized. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of T1D and the prevalence of autoimmune illnesses additionally coexisting since the diabetes mellitus onset in children during a period of 9 years' observation. Methods: In this retrospective study, the incidence rate (IR) of the T1D was calculated as the total number of all cases that were newly diagnosed per 100,000 population people between 0 and 18 years of age. The selected age groups (0–4, 5–9, 10–14, and 15–18 years) were examined, respectively. The studied group included 493 children (264 [53.55%] boys) between 0 and 18 years old newly diagnosed with T1D in one of the Polish centers in the years 2010–2018. Other autoimmune illnesses diagnoses were obtained from medical records taken from the first hospital treatment, when T1D was recognized. Results: The annual standardized IR of T1D increased from 19.2/100,000 in year 2010 to 31.7/100,000 in 2018 (1.7-fold over 9 years' observation), with an increase in the incidence rate ratio (IRR) by 4% per year. The highest growth in IR was recorded in 5- to 9-year-olds (from 19.61 in 2010 to 43.45 in 2018). In 61 (12.4%) of the studied group, at least one additional autoimmune disease was diagnosed. The prevalence doubled from 10.4% in the year 2010 to 20.8% in the year 2018. Autoimmune thyroid illnesses were found in 37 children (7.5%); their incidence increased from 6.3% to almost 2-fold, 12.5%, in 2018. In 26 children (5.3%), celiac disease was recognized; the prevalence increased from 4.2 to 9.8% in the study period. The prevalence of additional autoimmune thyroid disease was higher in glutamic acid decarboxylase–positive antibodies (χ2 = 3.4, p = 0.04) patients, the oldest age group (15–18 years) (χ2 =7.1, p = 0.06), and in girls (χ2 =7.1, p = 0.007). Conclusions:The standardized IR of T1D in children increased 1.7-fold over the 9-year observation period, and IRR increased 4% per year. Additional autoimmunity represents a significant comorbidity in patients with new-onset T1D. The number of children diagnosed with additional autoimmune diseases that accompany T1D is rapidly growing in all age groups throughout recent years.
Change management practices for adopting new technologies in the design and construction industry

The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has often been accused of being slow to adopt change. Yet the breadth of available technology solutions in the modern AEC industry continues to grow. Companies therefore must be adept at organizational change management; otherwise, the full benefits of technology solutions may never be realized when a company fails to achieve successful change adoption. The objective of this study was to identify the relationships between specific change management practices and organizational adoption of new technology solutions. An industry-wide approach was taken, wherein an online survey methodology was used to collect 167 cases of organization-wide change from AEC firms across the United States and Canada. The method of analysis included a correlation analysis between change management practices and change adoption. Reliability testing and principal components analysis were used to extract a single construct measure of change adoption. Rank-based nonparametric testing investigated if there are statistically significant differences between different groups of participants and technologies. Results include a rank-order of specific change management practices most associated with successful technology adoption. Change-agent effectiveness, measured benchmarks, realistic timeframe, and communicated benefits are the four change management practices that had the strongest association strength with successful change adoption. The discussion addresses how these leading change management practices compare with previous literature. Also, it was found that organization type and job position were correlated with the levels of change-adoption success compared to other listed factors. This study contributes an industry-wide view of change management practices within the context of technology-based change adoption and may assist practitioners to better manage technology adoptions in their organizations.
Bergapten Improves Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice via Cholinergic and Antioxidative Mechanisms

Bergapten is a furanocoumarin naturally occurring in the Apiaceae family and it is a well-known photosensitizing agent used in photochemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the influence of bergapten on cognitive function and mechanism underlying these effects in scopolamine-induced memory impairment in male Swiss mice. The passive avoidance test was used to evaluate the efficiency of memory acquisition and consolidation. The results demonstrated that both single and repeated administration of bergapten improved not only the acquisition but also consolidation of memory. The behavioral tests showed that bergapten prevented memory impairment induced by administration of scopolamine. Observed effects may result from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Also, bergapten caused significant anti-oxidative effects. These new findings provide pharmacological and biochemical support for the development of the coumarin’s potential in cognitive deficits.
Long-read assembly of a Great Dane genome highlights the contribution of GC-rich sequence and mobile elements to canine genomes

Significance Advancements in long-read DNA sequencing technologies provide more comprehensive views of genomes. We used long-read sequences to assemble a Great Dane dog genome that provides several improvements over the existing reference derived from a Boxer. Assembly comparisons revealed that gaps in the Boxer assembly often occur at the beginning of protein-coding genes and have a high-GC content, which likely reflects limitations of previous technologies in resolving GC-rich sequences. Dimorphic LINE-1 and SINEC retrotransposons represent the predominant differences between the Great Dane and Boxer assemblies. Proof-of-principle experiments demonstrated that expression of a canine LINE-1 could promote the retrotransposition of itself and a SINEC_Cf consensus sequence in cultured human cells. Thus, ongoing retrotransposon activity is a major contributor to canine genetic diversity. Technological advances have allowed improvements in genome reference sequence assemblies. Here, we combined long- and short-read sequence resources to assemble the genome of a female Great Dane dog. This assembly has improved continuity compared to the existing Boxer-derived (CanFam3.1) reference genome. Annotation of the Great Dane assembly identified 22,182 protein-coding gene models and 7,049 long noncoding RNAs, including 49 protein-coding genes not present in the CanFam3.1 reference. The Great Dane assembly spans the majority of sequence gaps in the CanFam3.1 reference and illustrates that 2,151 gaps overlap the transcription start site of a predicted protein-coding gene. Moreover, a subset of the resolved gaps, which have an 80.95% median GC content, localize to transcription start sites and recombination hotspots more often than expected by chance, suggesting the stable canine recombinational landscape has shaped genome architecture. Alignment of the Great Dane and CanFam3.1 assemblies identified 16,834 deletions and 15,621 insertions, as well as 2,665 deletions and 3,493 insertions located on secondary contigs. These structural variants are dominated by retrotransposon insertion/deletion polymorphisms and include 16,221 dimorphic canine short interspersed elements (SINECs) and 1,121 dimorphic long interspersed element-1 sequences (LINE-1_Cfs). Analysis of sequences flanking the 3′ end of LINE-1_Cfs (i.e., LINE-1_Cf 3′-transductions) suggests multiple retrotransposition-competent LINE-1_Cfs segregate among dog populations. Consistent with this conclusion, we demonstrate that a canine LINE-1_Cf element with intact open reading frames can retrotranspose its own RNA and that of a SINEC_Cf consensus sequence in cultured human cells, implicating ongoing retrotransposon activity as a driver of canine genetic variation.
Breeding for Early Bearing in Olive

The initial results of a comparative field trial of the first 15 selections of the olive (Olea europaea L.) breeding program of Cordoba, Spain, are presented. These selections came from crosses among 'Arbequina', 'Frantoio', and 'Picual' that were also included in the trial as controls. The trial was planted in July 2001 in a randomized block design with 16 replications and was systematically evaluated for earliness of bearing, vigor, crop, and yield efficiency from 2001 to 2005. Significant differences among selections were found for all characters measured. A greater proportion of early-bearing genotypes than in previous cultivar collections were found, whereas mean accumulated yield was similar to former evaluations. Therefore, the shorter unproductive period obtained in this work seems to indicate that the selection of seedlings for a short juvenile period has provided a shorter unproductive period of the subsequent new cultivars. No correlation between vigor at the seedling stage and vigor in the corresponding adult vegetative propagated selection was found. If the data presented here are confirmed further, some early-bearing cultivars could be suggested as new olive cultivars, the first obtained by cross-breeding in Spain. Additionally, some of them also show a low vigor and could be adapted to high-density hedgerow orchards.
Validation of User Preferences and Effects of Personalized Gamification on Task Performance

Personalized gamification is the tailoring of gameful design elements to user preferences to improve engagement. However, studies of user preferences have so far relied on self-reported data only and few studies investigated the effects of personalized gameful systems on task performance. This study shows that personalized gamification works in practice as predicted by survey studies and leads to higher task performance. We asked 252 participants in two studies to interact with a customized (experimental) or a generic (control) online gameful application to classify images. In the customized version, they could select the game elements that they wanted to use for their experience. The results showed significant correlations between participants' choice of gameful design elements and their Hexad user type scores, which partly support existing user preference models based on self-reported preferences. On the other hand, user type scores were not correlated with participants' preferred game elements rated after interacting with the gameful system. These findings demonstrate that the Hexad user types are a viable model to create personalized gameful systems. However, it seems that there are other yet unknown factors that can influence user preferences, which should be considered together with the user type scores. Additionally, participants in the experimental condition classified more images and rated their experience of selecting the game elements they wanted to use higher than in the control, demonstrating that task performance improved with personalization. Nonetheless, other measures of task performance that were not explicitly incentivized by the game elements did not equally improve. This contribution shows that personalized gameful design creates systems that are more successful in helping users achieve their goals than generic systems. However, gameful designers should be aware that they must balance the game elements and how much they incentivize each user behavior, so that the business goals can be successfully promoted. Finally, we analyzed participants' qualitative answers about their experience with the generic and the customized gameful applications, extracting useful lessons for the designers of personalized gameful systems.
Working and Reference Memory tasks trigger opposed long-term synaptic changes in the rat dentate gyrus

Long-term storage of information into memory is supposed to rely on long-term synaptic plasticity processes. Detection of such synaptic changes after training in long-term or reference memory (RM) tasks has yet been scarce, variable and only studied on a short time scale. On the other hand, short-term or working memory (WM) is largely known to depend on persistent neuronal activity or short-term plasticity processes. However, processing information into WM could also involve long-term synaptic changes that could be responsible for the erasure/forgetting of items previously stored in WM playing the role of proactive interference. In order to study long-term synaptic changes associated with RM or WM, we trained chronically implanted rats in three different radial maze tasks: a classical RM task and two WM tasks involving different levels of proactive interference. Synaptic responses at the perforant path to dentate gyrus synapse were recorded on a long-time scale (24h) in freely-moving rats after training in one of these three tasks. We found that consolidation of long-term information leads to a delayed synaptic potentiation, occurring 9 hours after RM training and predicting good behavioral performance on the following day. In contrast, optimal information processing into WM triggers a synaptic depression immediately observed after training and lasting 3 hours, that could act as a mechanism for interference erasure/forgetting.
Overexpression of αvβ6 integrin in serous epithelial ovarian cancer regulates extracellular matrix degradation via the plasminogen activation cascade

Recent evidence suggests that integrins are involved in the multi-step process of tumour metastasis. The biological relevance of alphav integrins and associated beta-subunits in ovarian cancer metastasis was examined by analysing the expression of these cell surface receptors in nine ovarian cancer cell lines and also in the primary human ovarian surface epithelial cell line (HOSE). beta1, beta3 and beta5 subunits were present in all ten ovarian cell lines. beta6 subunit was present at varying levels in eight out of nine cancer cell lines but was absent in the HOSE cell line. Immunohistochemical staining showed that beta6 was present in both non-invasive (borderline) and high-grade ovarian cancer tissues but was absent in benign and normal ovarian tissue. High alphavbeta6 integrin expressing ovarian cancer cell lines had high cell surface expression of uPA and uPAR. Ovarian cancer cell lines expressing high to moderate level of alphavbeta6 integrin demonstrated ligand-independent enhanced levels of high molecular weight (HMW)-uPA and pro-matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9) expression in the tumour-conditioned medium. High and moderate expression of alphavbeta6 integrin correlated with increased plasminogen-dependent degradation of extracellular matrix which could be inhibited by inhibitors of plasmin, uPA and MMPs or by monoclonal antibody against uPA, MMP-9 or alphavbeta6 integrin. These results suggest that endogenous de novo expression of alphavbeta6 integrin in ovarian cancer cells may contribute to their invasive potential, and that alphavbeta6 expression may play a role in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis.
Home-EEG assessment of possible compensatory mechanisms for sleep disruption in highly irregular shift workers – The ANCHOR study

Study objectives While poor sleep quality has been related to increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, long-time shift workers (maritime pilots) did not manifest evidence of early Alzheimer’s disease in a recent study. We explored two hypotheses of possible compensatory mechanisms for sleep disruption: Increased efficiency in generating deep sleep during workweeks (model 1) and rebound sleep during rest weeks (model 2). Methods We used data from ten male maritime pilots (mean age: 51.6±2.4 years) with a history of approximately 18 years of irregular shift work. Subjective sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A single lead EEG-device was used to investigate sleep in the home/work environment, quantifying total sleep time (TST), deep sleep time (DST), and deep sleep time percentage (DST%). Using multilevel models, we studied the sleep architecture of maritime pilots over time, at the transition of a workweek to a rest week. Results Maritime pilots reported worse sleep quality in workweeks compared to rest weeks (PSQI=8.2±2.2 vs. 3.9±2.0; p<0.001). Model 1 showed a trend towards an increase in DST% of 0.6% per day during the workweek (p=0.08). Model 2 did not display an increase in DST% in the rest week (p=0.87). Conclusions Our findings indicated that increased efficiency in generating deep sleep during workweeks is a more likely compensatory mechanism for sleep disruption in the maritime pilot cohort than rebound sleep during rest weeks. Compensatory mechanisms for poor sleep quality might mitigate sleep disruption-related risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. These results should be used as a starting point for future studies including larger, more diverse populations of shift workers.