Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Структура узорка у односу на пол , старост , годину и степен студија приказана је у Табели 1

Introduction. As the number of older persons continues to increase, there is a need to validate a reliable instrument to examine attitudes towards this population in Serbia. This research aimed to examine the validity and reliability and to determine the factor structure, that is, to adapt the Serbian version of the Kogan‘s Attitude towards the Old People scale. Method. The research was conducted on a planned sample of 321 respondents, students of social science and humanities, mostly gathered in the territory of Belgrade and Novi Sad. Results. Achievements at the level of the whole scale ranged from 67 to 121 (M = 100, SD = 7.83). The obtained Content Validity Index (CVI = 0.90) indicated a high level of validity in this assessment domain. The Cronbach‘s alpha Coefficient of reliability for items given in a positive connotation was α = 0.77, while slightly higher value was obtained for the items given in a negative connotation (α = 0.83). At the level of the entire instrument, after recoding the inversely defined items, the value α = 0.88 was calculated, indicating a high level of reliability of the scale used. Except for item 13, statistically significant correlation (p<0.000) between the whole scale and individual attitudes about the elderly was found in all 33 items. The factor analysis identified five latent dimensions with the eigenvalue of 1 or more (KMO = 0.798), explaining 34.58% of total variance: Social desirability (α = 0.69), Hygiene (α = 0.73), Criticism (α = 0.60). Equality (α = 0.59) and Communication (α = 0.73). Conclusion. The Serbian version of the Kogan‘s Scale can be considered as a valid and reliable instrument in the study of attitudes toward the elderly.
Efficiency of commercial banks in India after global financial crises

This study contributes to the bank efficiency literature by estimating the technical efficiency of banks in four different ownership groups in India during the post global financial crisis period, 2009-2018 utilizing the technical efficiency effects model for panel data. It finds that despite the consolidation of information technology efforts, the efficiency of Indian banking industry deteriorated during the post global financial crisis period. This may be due to the mounting pile of non-performing assets. Interestingly, the public banks seem to be more efficient than their private counterparts. The results also indicate that banks with lager capital adequacy ratio or older banks or banks with more branches are less inefficient in generating interest income. It is our hope that findings of this study would be useful to international agencies and other stakeholders in evaluating and improving the performance of Indian banks.
Ease of Doing Business and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows: Evidence from Emerging Economies

Emerging and developing countries has become major attraction for FDI inflows in recent years. Even though existing studies examine the role of host country factors in determining FDI inflows, there is only limited evidence on the role of governance and restrictions in determining FDI inflows. This paper examines the impact of Doing Business Rankings data from Ease of Doing Business report published by World Bank to account for DBR and the restrictions firms face for operating in their country. Using a panel data of 84 emerging countries from 2006 – 2018 the study examine the effect of improvement in Doing Business Rankings (DBR) on FDI inflows. The key questions examined are 1) whether ease of doing business improves the FDI inflows to the country 2) whether improvement of DBR effects FDI inflows to the country. Using Arellano-Bond dynamic panel GMM, the study suggests that improvements in doing business rankings leads to significant improvement in FDI inflows. However, large improvements in DBR does not result in attracting more FDI inflows.
TRACE FOSSILS FROM THE ABAZINSKAYA FORMATION (UPPER PALEOCENE; SOUTHERN CISCAUCASUS)

A careful investigation of trace fossils is one of the crucial tools for a precise reconstruction of depositional environment. Ichnofacies analysis, which is based upon the characteristics of recurring trace fossil assemblages, has been proven in numerous studies as a valuable instrument for environmental interpretations (e.g., Seilacher, 1964, 1967, 2007; Ekdale et al., 1984; Pemberton et al., 1992; McCann, 1993; Bromley, 1996; Hasiotis, 2006). This has led to recognition of archetypical ichnofacies in shallowto deep-water deposits. A certain combination of diagnostic parameters of basin bathymetry recorded in trace fossil assemblages might be used as an indicative feature of relative sea level change (Ekdale, 1988). The relationship between ichnofacies and bathymetry is passive and, therefore, there might be local exceptions to the general distribution of marine ichnofacies (Seilacher, 1967; Frey et al., 1990). Transitions between ichnofacies may be gradual (Osgood, 1970). Still, the importance of trace fossils for sequence stratigraphic constraints has been demonstrated for marine sedimentary successions (e.g., Savrda, 1991). As trace fossils occur commonly in situ within the fossil records, they provide a valuable clue to understanding of different settings colonized by different groups of organisms and their behavioral activity. It appears to be urgent the usage of trace fossils to broaden our knowledge on the geological development of the Caucasian sector of the northern Neotethyan margin. New findings Olga B. Kopenok
Teacher-Student Based Domain Adaptation for Person Re-identification

In traditional deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based person re-identification (Re-ID) methods, there must be thousands of training samples with annotated information under the same data distribution, in other words, the data used to train the CNN model is collected from the same scene. However, if we need to deploy a trained Re-ID model at the airport, but the data for training the model is collected on campus, the traditional methods will suffer considerable performance degradation because the data come from different distributions. It is a non-trivial task to straightforwardly re-collect sufficient annotations from the new scene, due to the high cost of time and human labor. Therefore, the domain adaptation paradigm is used to resolve the data distribution problem. Specifically, an efficacious method for domain adaptive person Re-ID based on the teacher-student framework is proposed in our research. Our method has been evaluated by numerous experiments and proved its effectiveness.
YOLOv5-based Defect Detection Model for Hot Rolled Strip Steel

In the defect detection of hot-rolled strip steel, there are often problems of too small target size and unclear features that lead to wrong detection and missed detection, for which a YOLOv5-based defect detection method for hot-rolled strip steel is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the overall architecture of the method is proposed, and then the algorithm implementation process is highlighted. Experimental analysis shows that the average detection accuracy using YOLOv5 is improved by 11.9% compared to YOLOv4 improved, with stronger generalization capability, faster detection speed, and lower error and miss detection rate.
Nutritional composition and mineral analysis of the by-products from tropical marine fish, purple-spotted bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus Richardson, 1846) and barracuda (Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional composition, macro- and micro-elements from purple-spotted bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus) and barracuda (Sphyraena obtusata) by product which are extensively used for surimi. The proximate composition showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for all parameters. The moisture, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate contents of purple-spotted bigeye sample ranged from 56.22-79.26%, 12.46-31.14%, 0.24-1.29%, 1.27-22.86% and 0.42-0.98%, respectively. Meanwhile, barracuda recorded 55.76-79.86% moisture, 18.46-27.29% protein, fat 0.05-2.55% fat, 1.22-24.36% ash and 0.41-0.88% carbohydrate contents. For macro-elements analysis, both fish species contained high concentration of calcium, especially in fins, bone and skin. For other macro-elements, all samples recorded lower than 4.5 mg/g. Although the concentration of micro-element zinc and copper were dominant in all samples examined, their levels were still below the permissible limits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) and the Malaysian Food Regulations (MFR). More importantly, chromium, cadmium and lead were far below the toxic levels regulated by the FAO/WHO and the MFR. Thus, the by-products used may be applied for potential food ingredients and for baseline information in the further experimentation.
3D bioprinted tumor model with extracellular matrix enhanced bioinks for nanoparticle evaluation

The traditional evaluation of nanoparticles (NPs) is mainly based on 2D cell culture and animal models. However, these models are difficult to accurately represent human tumor microenvironment (TME) and fail to systematically study the complex transportation of NPs, thus limiting the translation of nano-drug formulations to clinical studies. This study reports a tumor model fabricated via 3D bioprinting with adipose decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) enhanced hybrid bioink. Compared with 2D cultured cells, the 3D printed tumor models with multicellular spheroids formation are closer to real tumor in protein, gene expression and tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Two characteristics of TME, ECM remodeling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, are tracked simultaneously under 3D conditions. Furthermore, the cellular uptake efficiency of two different NPs is significantly lower in the printed 3D tumor model than the 2D individual cells, and higher drug resistance is observed in 3D group, which suggest the ECM barrier of tumor can significantly affect the permeability of NPs. These results suggest that this 3D printed tumor model is capable of mimicking the multiple TME, potentially providing a more accurate platform for the design and development of NPs before moving into animal and clinical trials.
A computational approach for generating continuous estimates of motor unit discharge rates and visualizing population discharge characteristics

Objective. Successive improvements in high density surface electromyography and decomposition techniques have facilitated an increasing yield in decomposed motor unit (MU) spike times. Though these advancements enhance the generalizability of findings and promote the application of MU discharge characteristics to inform the neural control of motor output, limitations remain. Specifically, (1) common approaches for generating smooth estimates of MU discharge rates introduce artifacts in quantification, which may bias findings, and (2) discharge characteristics of large MU populations are often difficult to visualize. Approach. In the present study, we propose support vector regression (SVR) as an improved approach for generating smooth continuous estimates of discharge rate and compare the fit characteristics of SVR to traditionally used methods, including Hanning window filtering and polynomial regression. Furthermore, we introduce ensembles as a method to visualize the discharge characteristics of large MU populations. We define ensembles as the average discharge profile of a subpopulation of MUs, composed of a time normalized ensemble average of all units within this subpopulation. Analysis was conducted with MUs decomposed from the tibialis anterior (N = 2128), medial gastrocnemius (N = 2673), and soleus (N = 1190) during isometric plantarflexion and dorsiflexion contractions. Main result. Compared to traditional approaches, we found SVR to alleviate commonly observed inaccuracies and produce significantly less absolute fit error in the initial phase of MU discharge and throughout the entire duration of discharge. Additionally, we found the visualization of MU populations as ensembles to intuitively represent population discharge characteristics with appropriate accuracy for visualization. Significance. The results and methods outlined here provide an improved method for generating estimates of MU discharge rate with SVR and present a unique approach to visualizing MU populations with ensembles. In combination, the use of SVR and generation of ensembles represent an efficient method for rendering population discharge characteristics.
A Light Model for Super-Resolution of Remote Sensing Images

Remote sensing image super-resolution is an important research topic, which helps to improve the quality of remote sensing images. However, because remote sensing images are usually quite large while the satellite equipment often have low computing capacity and small memory, it is appealing to develop lightweight and fast models to perform the super-resolution task for the remote sensing images. In this paper, we empirically study the effectiveness of conventional super-resolution approaches for remote sensing images, and propose an effective way to reduce the model parameters and computational cost. Specifically, motivated by Res2Net, we design a new multi-scale hierarchy residual block to replace the ResBlock in EDSR to provide a more diverse receptive field for each residual block. The proposed modified method has fewer parameters and faster speed compared with the original EDSR. Moreover, we also build two benchmark super-resolution datasets (i.e., DOTA-SR and LEVIR-SR) from DOTA and LEVIR-CD, respectively, for experimental evaluation. We perform experiments on the two datasets, and results show that our method is light and have comparable performance over the existing super-resolution baselines.
Hybrid Pruning Method Based on Convolutional Neural Network Sensitivity and Statistical Threshold

The hybrid pruning algorithm can not only ensure the precision of the network, but also achieve a good balance between pruning ratio and computation. However, traditional pruning algorithms use coarse-grained or fine-grained pruning networks, which have the tradeoff problem between pruning rate and computation amount. To this end, this paper presents. A hybrid pruning method of sensitivity and statistical threshold. Firstly, coarse-grained pruning is carried out on the network, and a fast sensitivity test is conducted on the convolutional layer of the network to determine the channels that need pruning within the tolerance range of network precision decline. Then, fine-grained pruning is performed on the network. Count the weights of the pruned network, calculate the thresholds of the weights of each layer, and delete the weights less than the thresholds so as to further reduce the size of the network and the amount of calculation. Hybrid pruning performs very well in AlexNet and Resnet networks. In particular, the method proposed in this paper is used in CIFAR-10 dataset, and the compression of FLOPs is 60%, while the compression of parameter number is nearly 80%. Compared with single pruning method, Hybrid pruning is better.
The Origins of Unemployment Insurance in Britain: A Cross-Class Alliance Approach

Britain's 1911 National Insurance Act ranks as the world's first compulsory program of unemployment insurance and was a key element of the Liberal government's reforms. Yet by failing to incorporate differences in actor preferences toward insurance, existing theories of social policy origins provide incomplete explanations for its timing and scope. The objective of this article is to improve on accounts of the 1911 unemployment insurance scheme using a cross-class alliance approach. It argues that employers and workers in capital-intensive trades formed an alliance in support of the scheme, whereas their counterparts in relatively labor-intensive trades were unable to strike a similar bargain. Unlike other frameworks, this approach is amenable to explaining why the unemployment scheme was designed as a contributory system that excluded many trades. The study's findings carry implications for social historians, political economists, and sociologists alike.
Precis of Origins of the modern mind : Three stages in the evolution of culture and cognition

of the original article: This book proposes a theory of human cognitive evolution, drawing from paleontology, linguistics, anthropology, cognitive science, and especially neuropsychology. The properties of humankinds brain, culture, and cognition have coevolved in a tight iterative loop; the main event in human evolution has occurred at the cognitive level, however, mediating change at the anatomical and cultural levels. During the past two million years humans have passed through three major cognitive transitions, each of which has left the human mind with a new way of representing reality and a new form of culture. Modern humans consequently have three systems of memory representation that were not available to our closest primate relatives: mimetic skill, language, and external symbols. These three systems are supported by new types of "hard" storage devices, two of which (mimetic and linguistic) are biological, one technological. Full symbolic literacy consists of a complex of skills for interacting with the external memory system. The independence of these three uniquely human ways of representing knowledge is suggested in the way the mind breaks down after brain injury and confirmed by various other lines of evidence. Each of the three systems is based on an inventive capacity, and the products of those capacities such as languages, symbols, gestures, social rituals, and images continue to be invented and vetted in the social arena. Cognitive evolution is not yet complete: the externalization of memory has altered the actual memory architecture within which humans think. This is changing the role of biological memory and the way in which the human brain deploys its resources; it is also changing the form of modern culture. Did courtship drive the evolution of mind?
Is nonresponding behavior?

of the original article: Maximization theory, which is borrowed from economics, provides techniques for predicting the behavior of animals including humans. A theoretical behavioral space is constructed in which each point represents a given combination of various behavioral alternatives. With two alternatives behavior A and behavior B each point within the space represents a certain amount of time spent performing behavior A and a certain amount of time spent performing behavior B. A particular environmental situation can be described as a constraint on available points (a circumscribed area) within the space. Maximization theory assumes that animals always choose the available point with the highest numerical value. The task of maximization theory is to assign to points in the behavioral space values that remain constant across various environmental situations; as those situations change, the point actually chosen is always the one with the highest assigned value. Maximization theory is an alternative to reinforcement theory as a description of steady-state behavior. Situations to which reinforcement theory has been directly applied (such as reinforcement of rats pressing levers and pigeons pecking keys in Skinner boxes) and situations to which reinforcement theory has occasionally been extended (such as human economic behavior and human self-control) can be described by maximization theory. This approach views behavior as a quantitative outcome of the interaction of the putative instrumental response, the reinforcer, and the other activities available in the situation. It provides new insight into these situations and, because it takes context into account, has greater predictive power than reinforcement theory. Is nonresponding behavior?
A numerical and experimental investigation of rolling and sliding motion of rotating spheres inside a cylinder

Abstract Rotating spheres in cylindrical channels roll or slide along the channel depending on the physical and geometric conditions. For a thorough investigation of the phenomenon, finite-element modelling is utilized to obtain the resistance coefficients for the motion of a sphere in a cylindrical channel, with an emphasis on near-wall motion. Extracted coefficients are compared with the data in the literature and utilized in exploring the conditions for rolling versus sliding along the channel. Sliding occurs due to the pressure build-up in the nip region between the wall and the rotating sphere in small confinement ratios, whereas rolling occurs when the shearing forces on the sphere are dominant in larger ratios. According to numerical results, a flow reversal takes place in the nip region and reduces the shear as well. Rolling versus sliding is demonstrated in experiments by using magnetic spherical particles, which are rotated by means of an external magnetic field inside cylindrical channels filled with viscous fluids. Faster axial velocities are observed in narrow channels while sliding than in wider channels while rolling for the same rotation rate of the sphere. Experiment observations are compared with the velocities evaluated from the resistance coefficients, showing that the distance between the sphere and the wall, which is dominated by roughness, plays an important role in the velocity of the sphere.
Allometricks: Confusion about phylogenetic “progression” in brain evolution?

of the original articles We review the evidence for the concept of the "initial" or prototype brain. We outline four possible modes of brain evolution suggested by our new findings on the evolutionary status of the dolphin brain. The four modes involve various forms of deviation from and conformity to the hypothesized initial brain type. These include examples of conservative evolution, progressive evolution, and combinations of the two in which features of one or the other become dominant. The four types of neocortical organization in extant mammals may be the result of selective pressures on sensory/motor systems resulting in divergent patterns of brain phylogenesis. A modular "modification/multiplication" hypothesis is proposed as a mechanism of neocortical evolution in eutherians. Representative models of the initial ancestral group of mammals include not only extant basal Insectivora but also Chiroptera; we have found that dolphins and large whales have also retained many features of the archetypal or initial brain. This group evolved from the initial mammalian stock and returned to the aquatic environment some 50 million years ago. This unique experiment of nature shows the effects of radical changes in environment on brain-body adaptations and specializations. Although the dolphin brain has certain quantitative characteristics of the evolutionary changes seen in the higher terrestrial mammals, it has also retained many of the conservative structural features of the initial brain. Its neocortical organization is accordingly different, largely in a quantitative sense, from that of terrestrial models of the initial brain such as the hedgehog. with phyiogenetic "progression" in brain ®¥@! utlon
IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE DIFFRENECE ON EMPLOYEE JOB PERFORMANCE DURING MERGER THE CASE OF ETHIOPIAN PETROLEUM SUPPLY ENTERPRISE

xi CHAPTER ONE . 1 1.1 Background of the study . 1 1.2 Overview of organization under study . 2 1.3 Statement of the problem. 3 1.4 Research questions . 4 1.5 Objectives of the study . 5 1.6 Definition of terms . 5 1.7 Significance of the study . 5 1.8 Delimitation/Scope of the study . 6 1.9 Organization of the research report . 6 CHAPTER TWO. 7 2.1 The concept and Definition of merger. 7 2.1.1 Types of mergers and acquisitions . 7 2.1.2 The motives for mergers and acquisitions . 8 2.1.3 Consequences of mergers and acquisitions . 9 2.1.4 Human Issues of mergers and acquisitions . 11 2.1.5 Why are employee reactions to M&As so negative? 11 2.1.6 Attitudes of employees to each other during merger . 12