Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generation of Vertebra Micro-CT-like Image from MDCT: A Deep-Learning-Based Image Enhancement Approach

This paper proposes a deep-learning-based image enhancement approach that can generate high-resolution micro-CT-like images from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). A total of 12,500 MDCT and micro-CT image pairs were obtained from 25 vertebral specimens. Then, a pix2pixHD model was trained and evaluated using the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and Fréchet inception distance (FID). We performed subjective assessments of the micro-CT-like images based on five aspects. Micro-CT and micro-CT-like image-derived trabecular bone microstructures were compared, and the underlying correlations were analyzed. The results showed that the pix2pixHD method (SSIM, 0.804 ± 0.037 and FID, 43.598 ± 9.108) outperformed the two control methods (pix2pix and CRN) in enhancing MDCT images (p < 0.05). According to the subjective assessment, the pix2pixHD-derived micro-CT-like images showed no significant difference from the micro-CT images in terms of contrast and shadow (p > 0.05) but demonstrated slightly lower noise, sharpness and trabecular bone texture (p < 0.05). Compared with the trabecular microstructure parameters of micro-CT images, those of pix2pixHD-derived micro-CT-like images showed no significant differences in bone volume fraction (BV/TV) (p > 0.05) and significant correlations in trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) (Tb.Th, R = 0.90, p < 0.05; Tb.Sp, R = 0.88, p < 0.05). The proposed method can enhance the resolution of MDCT and obtain micro-CT-like images, which may provide new diagnostic criteria and a predictive basis for osteoporosis and related fractures.
Mass bounds for baryogenesis from particle decays and the inert doublet model

In models for thermal baryogenesis from particle decays, the mass of the decaying particle is typically many orders of magnitude above the TeV scale. We will discuss different ways to lower the energy scale of baryogenesis and present the corresponding lower bounds on the particle's mass. This is done specifically for the inert doublet model with heavy Majorana neutrinos and then we indicate how to extrapolate the results to other scenarios. We also revisit the question of whether or not dark matter, neutrino masses, and the cosmic baryon asymmetry can be explained simultaneously at low energies in the inert doublet model.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF LASER IGNITION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS

In this paper the results of complex researches of the laser ignition in high-sized combustion chambers are presented. During this study the series of experiments and also the development of the numerical model of laser ignition were provided. Numerical simulations of mixing and ignition processes of nonhypergolic components of hydrogen-oxygen were integrated in a process of the development of the laser ignition system. The results of this work confirmed the possibility of prediction of laser ignition process using the numerical simulation.
Use of geomatic technologies to determine the basis for Terroir. Spatial variation in five Ontario Chardonnay vineyards

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that soil texture would play a minor role in the determination of yield components, fruit composition, and wine sensory attributes of Chardonnay (i.e. the terroir effect), and that vine size, crop size and associated fruit environment would play the major roles. Five Chardonnay vineyards in the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario, Canada were chosen for study. These vineyards were located on sites with heterogeneous soil types to allow study of the impact upon yield, fruit composition and wine sensory attributes of: 1. Soil texture with mesoclimate kept constant; 2. The comparative magnitude of effects of soil texture and vine vigor. Vineyard blocks were delineated using global positioning systems (GPS), and a series of 72 to 162 data vines per site were geo-located within a sampling grid imposed on each vineyard block. Data were collected on soil texture, soil composition, tissue elemental composition, vine performance (yield components and weight of cane prunings), and fruit composition. These variables were mapped using geographical information systems (GIS) software and relationships between them were elucidated. Soil texture and composition were occasionally correlated to yield components and fruit composition but often these relationships were site-specific. Spatial relationships were common between % sand and clay, vine size, yield, berry weight, soluble solids (Brix), and titratable acidity (TA); however, relationships were both vineyard and vintage dependent. Several spatial relationships were apparent as well between vine size, yield, Brix, TA, and various soil/petiole composition variables, including organic matter, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and soil/petiole N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and B. Spatial relationships between yield, berry weight, berry composition, vine size, and several soil physical variables suggest a likely soil basis to the so-called “terroir effect”. Vine size, yield, and berry weight were stable temporally within individual vineyards despite differences in annual climatic conditions. Soil texture (% sand) was frequently associated with high vine size, yield, and berry weight. Vine size directly correlated with berry weight. TA was often correlated with vine size. Soil composition had little relationship to petiole composition, fruit composition or yield except in a few specific cases, e.g., between pH and soil K.
The capacitated lot sizing problem with overtime decisions and setup times

The Capacitated Lot Sizing Problem (CLSP) consists of planning the lot sizes of multiple items over a planning horizon with the objective of minimizing setup and inventory holding costs. In each period that an item is produced a setup cost is incurred. Capacity is limited and homogeneous. Here, the CLSP is extended to include overtime decisions and capacity consuming setups. The objective function consists of minimizing inventory holding and overtime costs. Setups incur costs implicitly via overtime costs, that is, they lead to additional overtime costs when setup times contribute to the use of overtime capacity in a certain period. The resulting problem becomes more complicated than the standard CLSP and requires methods different from the ones proposed for the latter. Consequently, new heuristic approaches are developed to deal with this problem. Among the heuristic approaches are the classical HPP approach and its modifications, an iterative approach omitting binary variables in the model, a Genetic Algorithm approach based on the transportation-like formulation of the single item production planning model with dynamic demand and a Simulated Annealing approach based on shifting family lot sizes among consecutive periods. Computational results demonstrate that the Simulated Annealing approach produces high quality schedules and is computationally most efficient.
Body esteem in British children: differences due to weight status, ethnicity and gender

Body esteem is an important variable that has been linked to a range of negative health outcomes including depression, negative affect, obesity and increased risk of suffering from eating disorders. However, little information is available regarding ethnic differences in body esteem in British children. Objective: To examine gender, ethnic and weight status differences in body esteem in a sample of British children. Methods: The study was cross sectional in design and assessed body esteem and weight status in 756 children (394 boys, 362 girls, mean age 11.4 ± 1.6 years). Body esteem was determined using the body esteem scale for children. Height and body mass were measured directly. Body mass index was determined as kg/m. Overweight/obesity status was determined using childspecific, International Obesity task force cut-off points. Results: A 2 (gender) X 3 (ethnicity) X 2 (weight status) ways analysis of variance (ANCOVA) controlling for age indicated that body esteem was higher for normal weight boys compared to girls whereas body esteem scores were similar for boys and girls in the overweight/obese category (P = 0.044). Body esteem scores were higher in boys compared to girls from white and black ethnic groups but this pattern was reversed for Asian boys and girls (P = 0.039). Conclusions: Findings of this study indicate that body esteem interacts with weight status and ethnicity across gender groups in British children after controlling for age. In the context of the current study overweight children and Asian boys may be particular populations where future research needs to focus.
ACE I/D Gene Polymorphism in Athletes of Various Sports Disciplines

Purpose. Genetic factors play an important role in physical performance. In this study, the polymorphism of the angiotensinconverting enzyme gene (ACE) was analyzed in relation to the level of physical fitness, measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Methods. Molecular genetic research on the ACE gene was carried out on a group of 154 men and 85 women. All of the subjects were Polish students at the University School of Physical Education in Poznan and included professional athletes representing various sport disciplines and levels of fitness. Results. Allele I was found to have an advantageous effect on higher maximal oxygen uptake values and, in addition, a characteristic distribution of genotypes was found, where allele II was more common in individuals practicing aerobic sports and allele DD in individuals training anaerobic disciplines. Conclusion. No significant associations were found between I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and VO2max values but certain tendencies were found for those individuals with the ACE II genotype.
Predominance of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains in Peruvian Amazonian Fruits

Abstract The objective of this research was the identification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Peruvian Amazonian fruits. Thirty-seven isolates were obtained from diverse Amazonian fruits. Molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by ARDRA, 16S-23S ITS RFLP and rep-PCR using GTG5 primers. Identification was carried out by sequencing the 16S rDNA gene. Phenotypic characterization included nutritional, physiological and antimicrobial resistance tests. Molecular characterization by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and 16S-23S ITS RFLP resulted in four restriction profiles while GTG5 analysis showed 14 banding patterns. Based on the 16S rDNA gene sequence, the isolates were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum (75.7%), Weissella cibaria (13.5%), Lactobacillus brevis (8.1%), and Weissella confusa (2.7%). Phenotypic characterization showed that most of the isolates were homofermentative bacilli, able to ferment glucose, maltose, cellobiose, and fructose and grow in a broad range of temperatures and pH. The isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromicyn, penicillin, and tetracycline and showed great resistance to kanamycin, gentamycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and vancomycin. No proteolytic or amylolytic activity was detected. L. plantarum strains produce lactic acid in higher concentrations and Weissella strains produce exopolymers only from sucrose. Molecular methods allowed to accurately identify the LAB isolates from the Peruvian Amazonian fruits, while phenotypic methods provided information about their metabolism, physiology and other characteristics that may be useful in future biotechnological processes. Further research will focus especially on the study of L. plantarum strains.
Regulation of miRNA-29 c and its downstream pathways in preneoplastic progression of triple-negative breast cancer

Little is understood about the early molecular drivers of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), making the identification of women at risk and development of targeted therapy for prevention significant challenges. By sequencing a TNBC cell line-based breast cancer progression model we have found that miRNA-29c is progressively lost during TNBC tumorigenesis. In support of the tumor suppressive role of miRNA 29c, we found that low levels predict poor overall patient survival and, conversely, that ectopic expression of miRNA-29c in preneoplastic cell models inhibits growth. miRNA29c exerts its growth inhibitory effects through direct binding and regulation of TGFBinduced factor homeobox 2 (TGIF2), CAMP-responsive element binding protein 5 (CREB5), and V-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (AKT3). miRNA29c regulation of these gene targets seems to be functionally relevant, as TGIF2, CREB5, and AKT3 were able to rescue the inhibition of cell proliferation and colony formation caused by ectopic expression of miRNA-29c in preneoplastic cells. AKT3 is an oncogene of known relevance in breast cancer, and as a proof of principle we show that inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, a protein upstream of AKT3, suppressed proliferation in TNBC preneoplastic cells. We explored additional opportunities for prevention of TNBC by studying the regulation of miRNA-29c and identified DNA methylation to have a role in the inhibition of miRNA-29c during TNBC tumorigenesis. Consistent with these observations, we found 5 aza-cytadine to relieve the suppression of miRNA-29c. Together, these results demonstrate that miRNA-29c loss plays a key role in the early development of TNBC.
Constraints on the chiral magnetic effect using charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in pPb and PbPb collisions at the LHC

Charge-dependent azimuthal correlations of sameand opposite-sign pairs with respect to the secondand third-order event planes have been measured in pPb collisions at √ sNN = 8.16 TeV and PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is motivated by the search for the charge separation phenomenon predicted by the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in heavy ion collisions. Threeand two-particle azimuthal correlators are extracted as functions of the pseudorapidity difference, the transverse momentum (pT) difference, and the pT average of sameand opposite-charge pairs in various event multiplicity ranges. The data suggest that the charge-dependent three-particle correlators with respect to the secondand third-order event planes share a common origin, predominantly arising from charge-dependent two-particle azimuthal correlations coupled with an anisotropic flow. The CME is expected to lead to a v2-independent three-particle correlation when the magnetic field is fixed. Using an event shape engineering technique, upper limits on the v2-independent fraction of the three-particle correlator are estimated to be 13% for pPb and 7% for PbPb collisions at 95% confidence level. The results of this analysis, both the dominance of two-particle correlations as a source of the three-particle results and the similarities seen between PbPb and pPb, provide stringent constraints on the origin of charge-dependent three-particle azimuthal correlations and challenge their interpretation as arising from a chiral magnetic effect in heavy ion collisions. Published in Physical Review C as doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.97. 044912. c © 2018 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. CC-BY-4.0 license ∗See Appendix D for the list of collaboration members ar X iv :1 70 8. 01 60 2v 2 [ nu cl -e x] 2 5 A pr 2 01 8
Spiritual Well-Being for Croatian Cancer Patients: Validation and Applicability of the Croatian Version of the EORTC QLQ-SWB32

Spiritual well-being is a recognized predictor of health-related quality of life in palliative patients. No research in Croatia has yet addressed this field. This study, the first of its kind in Croatia, validated a Croatian translation of the EORTC QLQ-SWB32 measure of spiritual well-being with curative Croatian oncology patients and assessed its use and value. The study was conducted between July 2019 and January 2020 at the Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Rijeka, with 143 cancer patients, using the linguistically validated Croatian version of the measure. All patients found the measure acceptable. Confirmatory factor analysis aligned with the structure found in previous studies. Cronbach’s alpha confirmed internal consistency. Female participants scored higher on the RSG (Relationship with Someone or Something Greater), RG (Relationship with God), and EX (Existential) scales, and on Global-SWB. Patients with breast and gynecological tumors scored higher on RG. Older patients scored lower on RSG, RG and EX. Retirees and those with below-average incomes scored lower on EX. Participants who identified as having no religion scored lower on RSG. Stage I cancer patients scored higher on RG. The Croatian version of the EORTC QLQ-SWB32 is an acceptable, valid, and reliable measure of SWB for Croatian cancer patients.
The Effects of Co-Residence on the Subjective Well-Being of Older Chinese Parents

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of co-residence on the parental subjective well-being among older Chinese parents. Our analysis included 2968 elderly parents. Parental subjective well-being was stratified into positive well-being (PWB) and negative well-being (NWB). Positive well-being was assessed through questions about life satisfaction, optimism, and happiness and NWB was measured by questions about fear, loneliness, and feelings of uselessness. We found co-residence with adult children resulted in a significant average increase in PWB by 0.17 points relative to those who did not cohabitate. In rural China, co-residence with adult children significantly increased PWB by 0.19 points, and co-residence with a son significantly increased parental PWB by 0.18 points. Negative well-being fell significantly by 0.63 points if co-residence was with an adult daughter. Our findings imply that support from adult children significantly improved parental PWB, especially for the elderly in rural China. Public policies that facilitate the strengthening of cohabitation may help improve the well-being for older Chinese residents. Our study makes two main contributions to the international literature: first, we strengthened the causal inferences regarding the effects of co-residence with adult children on parental well-being through the use of a longitudinal study design; and second, we introduced a difference-in-differences propensity score matching (PSM-DID) approach to address potential selection bias that has previously been ignored in the literature.
Generation of Rear-arc Magmas Induced by Influx of Slab-derived Supercritical Liquids: Implications from Alkali Basalt Lavas from Rishiri Volcano, Kurile Arc

Jaffey, A. H. , Flynn, K. F. , Glendenin, L. E. , Bentley, W. C. & Essling, A. M. (1971). Precision measurement of half-lives and specific activities of U and U. Physical Review C4, 1889^1906. Jicha, B. R. , Singer, B. S. , Brophy, J. G. , Fournelle, J. H. , Johnson, C. M. , Beard, B. L. , Lapen, T. J. & Mahlen, N. J. (2004). Variable impact of the subducted slab on Aleutian island arc magma sources: evidence from Sr, Nd, Pb, and Hf isotopes and trace element abundances. Journal of Petrology 45, 1845^1875. Jochum, K. P. & Verma, S. P. (1996). Extreme enrichment of Sb, Tl and other trace elements in altered MORB. Chemical Geology 130,
European Rice Cropland Mapping with Sentinel-1 Data: The Mediterranean Region Case Study

Rice farming is one of the most important activities in the agriculture sector, producing staple food for the majority of the world's growing population. Accurate and up-to-date assessment of the spatial distribution of rice cultivated area is a key information requirement of all stakeholders including policy makers, rice farmers and consumers. Timely assessment with high precision is, e.g., crucial for water resource management, market prices control and during humanitarian food crisis. Recently, two Sentinel-1 (S-1) satellites carrying a C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor were launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) within the homework of the Copernicus program. The advanced data acquisition capabilities of S-1 provide a unique opportunity to monitor different land cover types at high spatial (20 m) and temporal (twice-weekly to biweekly) resolution. The objective of this research is to evaluate the applicability of an existing phenology-based classification method for continental-scale rice cropland mapping using S-1 backscatter time series. In this study, the S-1 images were collected during the rice growing season of 2015 covering eight selected European test sites situated in six Mediterranean countries. Due to the better rice classification capabilities of SAR cross-polarized measurement as compared to co-polarized data, S-1 cross-polarized (VH) data were used. Phenological parameters derived from the S-1 VH backscatter time series were used as an input to a knowledge-based decision-rule classifier in order to classify the input data into rice and non-rice areas. The classification results were evaluated using multiple regions of interest (ROIs) drawn from high-resolution optical remote sensing (SPOT 5) data and the European CORINE land cover (CLC 2012) product. An overall accuracy of more than 70% for all eight study sites was achieved. The S-1 based classification maps reveal much more details compared to the rice field class contained in the CLC 2012 product. These findings demonstrate the potential and feasibility of using S-1 VH data to develop an operational rice crop monitoring framework at the continental scale.
An anatomical revisit into the pattern of extensor digitorum tendon distribution to the little finger

Introduction: Extensor digitorum (ED) muscle is one of the component of fourth compartment of extensor retinaculum along with extensor Indicis muscle. The muscle is morphologically described to divide into four tendons to the medial four digits. Yet, multitude of individual variations in the contribution of ED tendon to the extension of little finger along has been reported. And so this study was done to reconfirm the distribution pattern of extensor tendon to the little finger. Materials and Method: The upper extremities from 13 cadavers used for undergraduate routine dissection were observed. After dissection of the extensor compartment of the forearm and hand, the ED tendon in the dorsum of hand was delineated for focused study. The pattern of distribution of ED tendon to the little finger was noted in each hand. The morphology of extensor digiti minimi (EDM) and juncturae tendinum noted were also studied. Observation: In all 26 hands studied, ED tendon to little finger was found to be absent. Type III junction tendons, Type II connecting the slip of ED tendon for ring finger with EDM were observed in 24, 2 hands respectively. In all the studied hands, EDM was noticed to be of two tendon slips distal to retinaculum. Conclusion: The finding of absent tendon of ED for little finger deviates heavily from the generally accepted book description. It also necessitates double checking for the pattern of distribution during tendon transplant procedures involving ED to prevent accidental removal of EDM tendon.