Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 3-position transmission/reflection method for measuring the permittivity of low loss materials

A 3-position transmission/reflection method for measuring the permittivity of low loss materials is presented. In this method, the measurement errors of the permittivity due to (1) the mismatch at the connections, (2) the metallic loss of the holder, (3) the uncertainty of sample position in the airline, and (4) the imperfection of the calibration kit can be removed by the measured data for a sample at three different positions. Experimental results for a low loss engineering plastic (tan /spl delta//spl cong/0.025) are included. >
Characterization of nutritional and functional properties of Lima bean flour (Phaseolus Lunatus L.)

Lima beans (Phaseolus Lunatus L.) are underutilized crops with an excellent profile. Processing to flour to enhance the starch and protein content, reducing anti-nutritional components and the same time diversifies their use as ingredients by altering their functional properties. The study aims to characterize nutritional, amino acids, anti-nutritional, pasting and functional properties of Lima bean flour from Indonesia’s cultivated plant. The results showed that the Lima bean flour has a high carbohydrate concentration, moderate protein concentration, and low fat concentration. This flour has a balanced amino acid profile, rich in essential amino acids, highlighting them as a source of good quality protein for the food formulation of protein-enriched. The Lima bean flour contained 10.36 mg/g phytic acid, lower in phenolic content (0.63 mg/g) and concentration of HCN (8.83 mg/kg). The functional properties of the Lima bean flour swelling power, solubility, water absorption capacities, and oil absorption capacities were 6.88 g/g, 18.68%, 1.93 g/g, and 1.56 g/g respectively. Pasting properties of Lima bean flour exhibited peak, breakdown, final, and setback viscosity in 1172 cP, 83 cP, 2377 cP, 1288 cP respectively, and temperature pasting was high in 870C. The study may provide useful information to consumers and food manufacturers that Lima bean flour is significant potential used to enhance the nutritional value of cereal-based foods.
Bubble dynamics and mechanistic boiling heat transfer prediction on a scored copper surface

In this study, pool boiling heat transfer of de-ionized water was experimentally studied on a scored copper surface at a heat-flux range of 0 - 60 W/cm2. Bubble dynamics in an isolated bubble region were carefully investigated, including bubble departure diameters, bubble departure frequencies, and active nucleation site densities. The bubble dynamics were compared with available models, indicating the suitable models regarding the present experimental results. Then, based on the bubble dynamics, a mechanistic heat transfer model, developed in our previous studies, was employed to predict the present boiling curve. In the mechanistic model, heat fluxes from natural convection, transient heat conduction, and microlayer evaporation were incorporated.
Compositional Variation of the Dayside Martian Ionosphere: Inference from Photochemical Equilibrium Computations

The Martian ionosphere plays a crucial role in driving the interactions of the planet with solar photons and solar wind particles. The variations of the dayside Martian ionosphere with several controlling factors, including the solar extreme ultraviolet radiation, the background atmosphere, and the underlying thermal structure, have been the topic of extensive research in terms of electron distribution. In contrast, how the ionospheric composition varies has not been systematically investigated, a topic that is attempted in this study based on photochemical equilibrium computations performed at 100–200 km altitude, including a large number of reactions. Our calculations reveal the following compositional variations as natural outcomes of the ionospheric chemistry on Mars. (1) With increasing solar irradiance, the proportions of the majority of nonterminal ions are enhanced at the expense of reduced proportions of terminal ions, including O2+ , HCO+, NO+, and H3O+. (2) At high electron temperatures, the proportion of NO+ is modestly reduced, whereas the proportions of the other species are nearly unaffected. (3) The response of the ionospheric composition to the upper atmospheric composition is complicated, showing the strong negative response of many trace ions to ambient CO2, O, and CO, as well as the strong positive response of protonated ions to H2, nitrogen-bearing ions to N and N2, water-group ions to H2O, and HO2+ to O2. As an application of the model results, the recent ion measurements made on board the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution are used to provide hints about the realistic composition of the Martian upper atmosphere.
Design of a website-based traceability information system on subsidized fertilizer supply chain

Fertilizer is an important part of agriculture. To ease the burden on farmers, the government assists in the form of subsidized fertilizers to farmers. Limited information on the availability of subsidized fertilizer supplies in stores often makes it difficult for farmers to obtain them. Therefore, a traceability information system is needed that can help farmers to obtain information on the availability of these fertilizers. This information system will also help the supply chain of subsidized fertilizers to be more effective and efficient. This research was conducted for one year to study the supply chain traceability process and the development of a website-based subsidized fertilizer information system. The method used in this research is to use the unified modelling language (UML) method. The UML used to design the system consists of use case diagrams, class diagrams, activity diagrams, and sequence diagrams. The traceability system that has been designed is implemented into a website-based information system. This research produces a website-based information system of the supply chain traceability information system for subsidized fertilizers.
Control of Multiproduct Bulk Service Diffusion/Oxidation Processes

This paper demonstrates how knowledge of future arrivals can be used to control bulk service diffusion and oxidation processes. The objective of the research reported herein is to reduce the average time that lots spend waiting to be processed. A review of the current literature reveals that several researchers have dealt with the control of bulk service queueing systems; however, only one has addressed the use of knowledge of future arrivals and it only considered the case of a single product and a single server. This research reexamines the single product-single server case, and men explores the multiple products-single server case. For both cases, a control strategy is devised and evaluated through the use of systems simulation. The steady-state performance of each control strategy is then compared to the steady-state performance of the theoretical optimal control strategy not considering the timing of any future arrivals (i.e. a Minimum Batch Size strategy). The experimental results indicate that the .
Development of simple science kits as dynamic electricity learning media for junior high school

The aim of this study is to produce Simple IPA KIT as science learning media for dynamic electricity material. This Simple IPA KIT contains several puzzle blocks that could be set into several electrical circuits. The type of the study was Research and Development, which refers to the model of Puslitjaknov (a team in the Center for Policy and Inovation Studies). The five-scales Likert questionnaire were used to obtain the data. The product was assessed by the media and material experts, physics teachers and high school students. The result of media experts showed a percentage value of 85%, in “Very Good” category, while it was 80% in “Good” category for material expert assessment. Meanwhile, the responses of teachers and students showed 95.6% and 84%, respectively, with “Very Good” category. It indicates that the Simple KIT media is suitable for learning media.
The performance of the C12880MA MEMS sensor for classification of the roasting level of coffee bean

The cupping test has been widely used to assess the roasting level of coffee to produce high-quality coffee beans. However, the method requires a longer process and sophisticated sensory analysis. The procedure could only be assessed by the certified panellist. Lately, commercial microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology has been developed, which could be used for building a small spectrometer sensor. This gives the opportunity to adopt bench-top spectrometer sensing into the low-cost portable sensor. This research aims to study the performance test on the C12880MA MEMS sensor to determine the level of roasted coffee. A total of 90 samples from each 30 medium roasting level (Light to Medium, Medium, and Medium to Dark) was prepared. Spectrum data of samples were measured using a C12880MA sensor ranging from 312.162nm to 868.503nm. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was performed to classify the roasting level. The result showed that both LDA using full-spectrum and interval spectrum gave 100% accuracy with no falsely classified.
Consumer study of Indonesian coffee leaves tea as traditional drinks

Coffee leaf tea is a traditional drink obtained by processing coffee leaves and served as tea. Coffee leaf tea is often found in West Sumatra, known as kawa daun. However, coffee leaves have not been widely known in the general public so that coffee leaf tea consumers are rarely encountered. In this study, an analysis was carried out to see consumer preferences for coffee leaf tea. Coffee leaves as a by-product have been declared as a novel food by EU Commission in 2020. Thus, coffee leaf tea products have potential economic value that can be promoted. To determine consumer preferences of Indonesian coffee leaf tea, a descriptive analysis of the consumer using online questionnaire was conducted, followed by conjoint analysis and one-way ANOVA test. As resulted from conjoint analysis, the preferences of Indonesian coffee leaves tea consumer were sequentially driven by level of sweetness, darkness of the colour, and the strength of fragrant. It was observed that gender strongly affected the preference on coffee leaves tea (p-value<0.05).
Take it or leave it. Hidden labour along the crisis

The paper identifies the socio-economic characteristics of individuals involved in the Italian underground labour market, with a separate consideration of the periods before and in course of the global financial and euro-area sovereign debt crisis. We exploit the information on self-reported individuals’ social security status available from the Bank of Italy’s Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) in order to identify underground workers and derive measures of irregularity, updating to 2014 those presented in Cappariello and Zizza (2010). We show that social and economic characteristics (education, kind of job, sector) play a greater role if compared to demographic ones (gender and age) in shaping the probability of working underground. Moreover, the financial and economic crisis partially changed the potential impact of some determinants behind irregular employment. In particular, before the crisis women showed a higher probability of being in irregular employment than men; this divide lessens after 2008. Also age appears to change its impact before and during the crisis: as the labour market weakens, the probability of being in an irregular position is higher for core-age workers. JEL classification: H26, O17.
Influence of Vehicle Traffic Emissions on Spatial Variation of Ozone and its Precursors in Air of Port Harcourt City , Nigeria

This study aimed at assessing the influence of vehicle traffic on spatial variation of ozone (O3) and its vehicular emission precursors in the air of Port Harcourt city. Sampling was carried out in ten (10) sites, eight (8) located within the high traffic density area (study sites) and two (2) located within the very low traffic density area (reference sites). The precursor pollutants measured were nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCSs). Ozone and the precursor pollutants were measured in situ using AeroQUAL 500 series portable ambient air analyzer while traffic flow survey was achieved by direct counting. Measurements were carried out at morning, evening and off-peak traffic periods respectively. The mean concentrations of ozone and the precursor pollutants were significantly higher (p = 0.05) in the study sites than in the reference sites. Mean concentrations were higher at peak traffic periods than at off-peak traffic periods except for ozone that was higher at off-peak than at morning peak. There was significant correlation between traffic density and each of the pollutants including ozone. The spatial variability in concentration of pollutants was influenced by vehicular traffic. VOCs and NO2 levels were higher than the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) limit of 0.05 ppm and 0.04 – 0.06 ppm respectively, O3 concentration was below the standard limit (0.06 ppm) but was at the verge of exceeding. Traffic emission within the city was significant and could be mitigated through regular monitoring and control. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/jasem.v25i8. 11 Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Okon et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCL), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dates: Received: 10 May 2021; Revised: 28 June 2021; Accepted: 01 July 2021
Hybrid TDMA/CSMA protocol for self managing packet radio networks

This paper details work on a hybrid channel access protocol being undertaken at DRA Malvern. The protocol is based on both carrier sense multiple access and adaptive reservation time division multiple access channel access protocols. It is to be implemented on a packet radio demonstrator system currently employing a contention based CSMA protocol to access a single 25 kHz VHF channel. At high traffic loadings, system performance degrades due to an increase in clashes as more stations try to access the channel. The implementation of a protocol based on a time slot principle with the addition of carrier sensing within unused slots is shown to increase the channel efficiency under all traffic loading conditions and thus improve overall system performance.
The law of the land

Common notions about the source of communal land conflict in Africa have long explained it as growing out of conditions of environmental scarcity. This article argues instead that the institutional structure of the legal system is central to understanding which countries are prone to experience communal land conflict. When competing customary and modern jurisdictions coexist in countries inhabited by mixed identity groups, the conflicting sources of legal authority lead to insecurity about which source of law will prevail. Because the source of law is contested, conflict parties cannot trust the legal system to predictably adjudicate disputes, which encourages the use of extrajudicial vigilante measures. Using new data on communal violence in West Africa, this argument is examined for the period 1990–2009. The results show that in countries where competing jurisdictions exist, communal land conflict is 200–350% more likely. These findings suggest that researchers should consider the role of legal institutions and processes in relation to social unrest and collective violence.
The Effects of Pay-As-You-Throw Schemes on Economic, Political and Behavioral Outcomes. Evidence from Italian Municipalities

Using a generalized DiD in a staggered rollout design, we estimate the effects of the introduction of “Pay-As-You-Throw” schemes on municipal waste generation and management costs. We find that this policy is effective in reducing the amount of unsorted waste and increasing that of recycled waste. It also contributes to the reduction of municipal waste management costs. The introduction of PAYT has also positive effects on the propensity to vote for green parties, while it has no significant effects on water consumption.
Short term power availability forecast for EV charging hubs using Machine Learning techniques

Power consumption forecasting is a field of research that has been showing a great impact on the sustainability of buildings, and is labelled as a time series forecasting problem. In this sort of challenge, data-driven models are commonly applied. The Energias de Portugal (EDP) building located in Lisbon, Portugal, is equipped with a Photovoltaic (PV) system, and comprises an Electric Vehicle Central Charging System (EVCS), capable of adjusting the power used according to the overall available power in the building. It could be possible to optimize the EVCS operation by also feeding it with forecasts of the short-term available power. To meet this requirement, a system consisting of Machine Learning (ML) techniques was developed and both meteorological and energetic indicators were used. The solution was accomplished through the implementation and comparison of three distinct architectures: Vanilla Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Encoder-Decoder and One Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D CNN)-Encoder-Decoder. Additionally, it was introduced Monte Carlo Dropout (MCD), allowing a probabilistic interpretation of the results obtained. It was verified that the Vanilla approach outperformed the remaining architectures, having obtained an average Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 28.95 kW for the deterministic model, and 30.06 kW for the probabilistic model, which showed an improvement over the Naive Standard Approach. The work carried out, not only ensures the optimization of EVCS power usage, but also contributes to the sustainability of the building at a global scale.
Discipline and Experience: The Mathematical Way in the Scientific Revolution

Although the scientific revolution has long been regarded as the beginning of modern science, there has been little consensus about its true character. While the application of mathematics to the study of the natural world has always been recognized as an important factor, the role of experiment has been less clearly understood. Peter Dear investigates the nature of the change that occurred during this period, focusing particular attention on evolving notions of experience and how these developed into the experimental work that is at the centre of modern science. He examines 17th-century mathematical sciences - astronomy, optics and mechanics - not as abstract ideas, but as vital enterprises that involved practices related to both experience and experiment. Dear illuminates how mathematicians and natural philosophers of the period - Mersenne, Descartes, Pascal, Barrow, Newton, Boyle and the Jesuits - used experience in their argumentation, and how and why these approaches changed over the course of a century. Drawing on mathematical texts and works of natural philosophy from all over Europe, he describes a process of change that was gradual, halting, sometimes contradictory - far from the sharp break with intellectual tradition implied by the term "revolution. "
Consequence of Variations in Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O and Grog Percentages on the Properties of Dense Refractory Bricks

Development of high temperature dense refractory bricks using clay minerals and grog has been carried out with a view to determining the consequence of variation in percentages of Al2O3.2SiO2. 2H2O and grog on the properties of locally produced dense bricks. The raw materials were used to compose five batches (of five samples each) from all the clay minerals and their blends (ED1–EN5). The clay bodies were hydraulically shaped and oven dried at 1100C. The properties of the produced bricks investigated after sintering at 13500C indicated that samples ED1–EN5 had shrinkage ranging from 8.4%-11.5% with corresponding bulk density of 1.57g/cm3–2.26g/cm3 respectively. The investigation revealed that samples ED1–EN5 of the bricks as stated above had compressive strength ranging from 13.5MPa–23.1MPa with corresponding porosity ranging from 12.84% -23.39% respectively. The estimated refractoriness using shuen’s formula shows that samples ED–EN5 had 16660c-17680c, while the result of the refractoriness using pyrometric cone equivalent indicated that samples ED1–EN5 had cone 30(16600C)– <34(<17500C) respectively. The spalling-count test result revealed that samples as stated above had number of cycles ranging from 19-35 respectively. It was discovered that the higher the grog content, the lower the shrinkage, bulk density and compressive strength while the higher the porosity, spalling-count-cycle with refractoriness, and vice versa when considering blended samples with increase in Al2O3.2SiO2. 2H2O content. However, sample EN4 gave the most apposite result when considering the properties stated above. Therefore sample EN4 is recommended for mass production of dense refractory bricks for high temperature applications.
DRONE: Data-aware Low-rank Compression for Large NLP Models

The representations learned by large-scale NLP models such as BERT have been widely used in various tasks. However, the increasing model size of the pre-trained models also brings efﬁciency challenges, including inference speed and model size when deploying models on mobile devices. Speciﬁcally, most operations in BERT consist of matrix multiplications. These matrices are not low-rank and thus canonical matrix decompositions do not lead to efﬁcient approximations. In this paper, we observe that the learned representation of each layer lies in a low-dimensional space. Based on this observation, we propose DRONE ( d ata-awa r e l o w-ra n k compr e ssion), a provably optimal low-rank decomposition of weight matrices, which has a simple closed form solution that can be efﬁciently computed. DRONE can be applied to both fully-connected and self-attention layers appearing in the BERT model. In addition to compressing standard models, our method can also be used on distilled BERT models to further improve the compression rate. Experimental results show that DRONE is able to improve both model size and inference speed with limited loss in accuracy. Speciﬁcally, DRONE alone achieves 1.92x speedup on the MRPC task with only 1.5 % loss in accuracy, and when DRONE is combined with distillation, it further achieves over 12.3x speedup on various natural language inference tasks.
The Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment on The Relationship Between Human Resource Management and Service Quality in Jordanian Universities

This study aims to examine the mediating effect of organizational commitment (normative commitment, continuance commitment, and affirmative commitment) on the relationship between human resource management (ability, motivation, and career opportunity) and service quality from the perspective of employees in private universities in Jordan. The survey questionnaire was gathered from 311 employees who were working in three private universities in Jordan. The study used the software SmartPLS (version 3.3.2) in order to hypotheses testing. The results of this study indicate that human resource management (ability, motivation, and career opportunity) and organizational commitment (normative commitment, continuance commitment, and affirmative commitment) has a positive direct effect on service quality. Moreover, the results indicated that organizational commitment mediated the relationship between human resource management and service quality. Future studies should focus on more aspects of human resource management including compensation, training, performance appraisal, and promotion, to determine which are most important in achieved the desired employees’ outcomes. The study model developed in the current study could be used for future studies to link these employees’ outcomes with different aspects of the academicians' experience.