Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear DNA Amounts in Chinese Bryophytes Estimated by Flow Cytometry: Variation Patterns and Biological Significances

There exists an obvious gap in our knowledge of the nuclear DNA amount of bryophytes, not only in terms of the low number of species represented, but also in systematic and geographic representation. In order to increase our knowledge of nuclear DNA amounts and variation patterns in bryophytes, and their potential phylogenetic significances and influences on phenotypes, we used flow cytometry to determine the DNA 1C values of 209 bryophyte accessions, which belong to 145 mosses and 18 liverworts collected from China, by using Physcomitrella patens as a standard. We quantified the differences in DNA 1C values among different orders and families and constructed a phylogenetic tree of 112 mosses with four gene sequences (nad5, rbcL, trnL-F, and 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-26S). DNA 1C values were mapped onto the phylogenetic tree to test a potential phylogenetic signal. We also evaluated the correlations of the DNA 1C value with the sizes of individuals, leaves, cells, and spores by using a phylogenetically controlled analysis. New estimates of nuclear DNA amounts were reported for 145 species. The DNA 1C values of 209 bryophyte accessions ranged from 0.422 pg to 0.860 pg, with an average value of 0.561 pg, and a 2.04-fold variation covered the extremes of all the accessions. Although the values are not significantly different (p = 0.355) between mosses (0.528 pg) and liverworts (0.542 pg), there are variations to varying extents between some families and orders. The DNA 1C value size exerts a positive effect on the sizes of plants, leaves, and cells, but a negative effect on spore size. A weak phylogenetic signal is detected across most moss species. Phylogenetic signals are comparatively strong for some lineages. Our findings show that bryophytes have very small and highly constrained nuclear DNA amounts. There are nucleotype effects of nuclear DNA amounts for bryophytes at the individual, organ, and cell levels. We speculate that smaller nuclear DNA amounts are advantageous for bryophytes in dry environments. Significant differences in the DNA 1C values among some moss families and orders, as well as phylogenetic signals for some lineages, imply that nuclear DNA amount evolution in mosses seems to be unidirectional.
Engaging Leadership and Psychological Safety as Moderators of the Relationship between Strain and Work Recovery: A Cross-Sectional Study of HSS Employees

Work in the health and social sector (HSS) is highly straining and therefore recovery from work needs to be promoted. Less is known on how job resources can be used to alleviate job strain and increase recovery from work. Thus, we analyzed the following: the association between job demands and work recovery; the connections of engaging leadership and psychological safety to recovery from work; and the moderating effects of engaging leadership and psychological safety on the relationship between strain and recovery from work. This cross-sectional study of 18,155 HSS and 4347 eldercare employees in 2020 using linear regression analysis showed that job strain (p < 0.001) and moral distress (p < 0.001) were associated with decreased recovery from work. Engaging leadership (p < 0.001) and psychologically safe work community (p < 0.001) enhanced recovery from work independently. Engaging leadership mitigated the harmful effect of job strain (p < 0.01) and moral distress (p < 0.05), and psychological safety mitigated the effect of job strain (p < 0.001), but not moral distress (p > 0.05). Thus, it is important to reduce job strain so that employees recover from work. Further job resources such as engaging leadership and psychological safety are important in themselves as they support recovery from work and employees’ well-being, but also as they alleviate job demands.
Adaptive Mesh Reconstruction of Point Cloud with Feature Preserved

There is noise and defective data on the 3D scanning point cloud.A robust mesh reconstruction algorithm is proposed.Surface normals are estimated by tensor matrix with enhanced features.By computing 3D fast Fourier transform(FFT),discrete iso-surface is extracted.Points are moved onto the iso-surface by an iterative clustering along gradient field,where the noise and outliers are removed and defective data are repaired.Point cloud is decimated adaptively,and then a new triangle is generated using sphere-intersected method.The experimental results have shown that the algorithm is fast,robust and use low memory.
Dynamical downscaling of tropical cyclones from CCSM4 simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum

Dynamical downscaling of simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and late twentieth century (20C) were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with the aim of (1) understanding how the downscaled kinematic and thermodynamic variables influence simulated tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the western North Pacific during the LGM and the 20C periods and (2) to test the relevance of TC genesis factors for the colder LGM climate. The results show that, despite the lower temperatures during the LGM, the downscaled TC climatology over the western North Pacific in the LGM simulation does not differ significantly from that in the 20C simulation. Among the TC environmental factors, the TC potential intensity, mid‐tropospheric entropy deficit, and vertical wind shear during the LGM were consistent with previous analyses of TC genesis factors in LGM global climate model simulations. Changes in TC genesis density between the LGM and the 20C simulations seem to be well represented by the ventilation index, a nondimensional measure of the combined effects of vertical wind shear, and thermodynamic properties, suggesting the potential applicability of those factors for TC activity evaluation during the LGM and possibly other climates.
Model-free adaptive control based on prescribed performance and time delay estimation for robotic manipulators subject to backlash hysteresis

Aim to solve the problem of over-dependence on dynamics model and low tracking accuracy of robotic manipulators under uncertainties and backlash hysteresis, an adaptive continuous nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode controller combining time delay estimation (TDE) and prescribed performance control (PPC) is formulated. Firstly, TDE is applied to estimate the model information and external disturbances, so that the dynamics model of robotic manipulators is simplified into a local model. Then, an adaptive terminal sliding mode controller is established based on the local model and PPC, which solves the singularity problem of traditional terminal sliding mode and improves the transient and steady-state performance of robotic manipulators. Next, by combining the reaching law with the adaptive term, robotic manipulators achieve favorable tracking performance, fast convergence time, and chattering suppression under complex disturbances. And the Lyapunov theory is applied to prove that the robotic manipulators can reach the steady state in finite time. Meanwhile, a saturation compensator is formulated to settle actuator saturation and the compensator can converge within a finite time. Finally, the simulation is applied to verify the formulated control strategy can effectively improve the tracking performance and enhance the robustness against disturbances.
Tubulin Post-Translational Modifications: The Elusive Roles of Acetylation

Simple Summary Microtubules (MTs) are dynamic structures that compose part of the cell cytoskeleton. They play important roles in various cellular functions, such as intracellular transport, cell division, and cell movement. MTs are made up of α/β-tubulin heterodimers that present a diversity due to the existence of different isotypes and post-translational modifications (PTMs). One specific PTM, tubulin-acetylation, occurs inside the MT lumen and has been found to enhance MT flexibility and prevent structural damage. This PTM is also associated with cellular responses to stress and various human pathologies. The regulation of enzymes involved in tubulin acetylation and deacetylation is important for maintaining proper cell physiology. While the role of tubulin-acetylation in MT stability remains debatable, it is clear that PTMs contribute to the unique biochemical and biophysical properties of MTs, creating a code that allows for cellular responses to different environmental cues. Abstract Microtubules (MTs), dynamic polymers of α/β-tubulin heterodimers found in all eukaryotes, are involved in cytoplasm spatial organization, intracellular transport, cell polarity, migration and division, and in cilia biology. MTs functional diversity depends on the differential expression of distinct tubulin isotypes and is amplified by a vast number of different post-translational modifications (PTMs). The addition/removal of PTMs to α- or β-tubulins is catalyzed by specific enzymes and allows combinatory patterns largely enriching the distinct biochemical and biophysical properties of MTs, creating a code read by distinct proteins, including microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), which allow cellular responses. This review is focused on tubulin-acetylation, whose cellular roles continue to generate debate. We travel through the experimental data pointing to α-tubulin Lys40 acetylation role as being a MT stabilizer and a typical PTM of long lived MTs, to the most recent data, suggesting that Lys40 acetylation enhances MT flexibility and alters the mechanical properties of MTs, preventing MTs from mechanical aging characterized by structural damage. Additionally, we discuss the regulation of tubulin acetyltransferases/desacetylases and their impacts on cell physiology. Finally, we analyze how changes in MT acetylation levels have been found to be a general response to stress and how they are associated with several human pathologies.
Assessment of the Correlation between Implant Diameters and Cantilever Lengths to Anterior-Posterior Spread ratio utilizing Resonance Frequency Analysis (Implant Stability Quotient)

Objectives: This study aims to assess the correlation between different implant diameters and different cantilever lengths to anterior-posterior spread on the stability of implants placed in maxillary edentulous ridges. Materials and methods: In sixteen patients, a total of 96 implants were implanted, over which screw-retained implant-supported maxillary prostheses were constructed. The patients were divided into two groups using sealed envelopes for randomization: Group I received implants with a small diameter of 3.0 mm, while Group II received implants with a standard diameter of 3.7 mm. Patients in each group were further divided into two subgroups, Groups IA, IB, and Groups IIA, and IIB. The cantilevers lengths to anterior-posterior AP implant spread (CL: AP) in Groups IA and IIA was at a ratio of 1:3, whereas in Groups IB and IIB, the CL: AP was performed at a ratio of 1:2. Implant Stability Values were measured at 0, 4, 8, and 24 months after prostheses delivery. Results: The correlation between Implant Stability ISQ values and different implant diameters was calculated by using Spearman`s correlation coefficient which revealed a positive (+), weak (r=0.21), insignificant (P=0.16) correlation, while the Correlation between Implant Stability ISQ values and different cantilever lengths were calculated by using Spearman`s correlation coefficient which revealed a negative (-), weak (r=-0.529), significant (P<0.0001*) correlation. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that changing the AP spread to cantilever lengths and varying implant diameter may have an impact on the stability of implants supporting maxillary screw-retained prostheses.
Detection of millihertz quasi-periodic oscillations in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1730–22 with NICER

We report the discovery of millihertz quasi-periodic oscillations (mHz QPOs) from the neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1730–22 using the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). After being inactive for almost 50 years, 4U 1730–22 went into outburst twice between June and August 2021, and between February and July 2022. We analyse all the NICER observations of this source, and detect mHz QPOs with a significance > 4 σ in 35 observations. The QPO frequency of the full data set ranged between ∼ 4.5 and ∼ 8.1 mHz with an average fractional rms amplitude of the order of ∼2 per cent. The X-ray colour analysis strongly suggests that 4U 1730–22 was in a soft spectral state during the QPO detections. Our findings are consistent with those reported for other sources where the mHz QPOs have been interpreted as the result of a special mode of He burning on the NS surface called marginally stable nuclear burning (MSNB). We conclude that the mHz QPOs reported in this work are also associated with the MSNB, making 4U 1730–22 the eighth source that shows this phenomenology. We discuss our findings in the context of the heat flux from the NS crust.
Does Ramadan intermittent fasting affect the intraday variations of cognitive and high-intensity short-term maximal performances in young female handball players?

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the effect of Ramadan fasting (RF) on the morning-afternoon differences of cognitive and short-term maximal performances. Fifteen young female handball players completed the attention (AT), simple reaction time (SRT), squat jump (SJ), Illinois agility (IAT) and 5-m shuttle run (5mSRT, to assess total (TD) and peak (PD) distances) tests at 08h00 and 1800 during ten days before Ramadan (BR), first ten days of Ramadan (F10R), last ten days of Ramadan (L10R) and ten days after Ramadan (AR). The results revealed that BR, SRT, AT, SJ, IA, TD and PD were greater in the afternoon compared to the morning (p<0.001). This morning-afternoon differences in physical and cognitive performances were reduced during F10R and were blunted or reversed during L10R (p<0.05). These findings suggest that the intraday differences in cognitive and physical performance in young female handball players might be blunted and/or reversed during RF.
On the effectiveness of the Moulinec–Suquet discretization for composite materials

Moulinec and Suquet introduced a method for computational homogenization based on the fast Fourier transform which turned out to be rather computationally efficient. The underlying discretization scheme was subsequently identified as an approach based on trigonometric polynomials, coupled to the trapezoidal rule to substitute full integration. For problems with smooth solutions, the power of spectral methods is well‐known. However, for heterogeneous microstructures, there are jumps in the coefficients, and the solution fields are not smooth enough due to discontinuities across material interfaces. Previous convergence results only provided convergence of the discretization per se, that is, without explicit rates, and could not explain the effectiveness of the discretization observed in practice. In this work, we provide such explicit convergence rates for the local strain as well as the stress field and the effective stresses based on more refined techniques. More precisely, we consider a class of industrially relevant, discontinuous elastic moduli separated by sufficiently smooth interfaces and show rates which are known to be sharp from numerical experiments. The applied techniques are of independent interest, that is, we employ a local smoothing strategy, utilize Féjer means as well as Bernstein estimates and rely upon recently established superconvergence results for the effective elastic energy in the Galerkin setting. The presented results shed theoretical light on the effectiveness of the Moulinec–Suquet discretization in practice. Indeed, the obtained convergence rates coincide with those obtained for voxel finite element methods, which typically require higher computational effort.
Properties of Naked Silver Clusters with Up to 100 Atoms as Found with Embedded-Atom and Density-Functional Calculations

The structural and energetic properties of small silver clusters Agn with n = 2–100 atoms are reported. For n = 2–100 the embedded atom model for the calculation of the total energy of a given structure in combination with the basin-hopping search strategy for an unbiased structure optimization has been used to identify the energies and structures of the three energetically lowest-lying isomers. These optimized structures for n = 2–11 were subsequently studied further through density-functional-theory calculations. These calculations provide additional information on the electronic properties of the clusters that is lacking in the embedded-atom calculations. Thereby, also quantities related to the catalytic performance of the clusters are studied. The calculated properties in comparison to other available theoretical and experimental data show a good agreement. Previously unidentified magic (i.e., particularly stable) clusters have been found for n>80. In order to obtain a more detailed understanding of the structural properties of the clusters, various descriptors are used. Thereby, the silver clusters are compared to other noble metals and show some similarities to both copper and nickel systems, and also growth patterns have been identified. All vibrational frequencies of all the clusters have been calculated for the first time, and here we focus on the highest and lowest frequencies. Structural effects on the calculated frequencies were considered.
Weakly 2-absorbing submodules of modules

Let $M$ be a module over a commutative ring $R. $ A proper submodule $N$ of $M$ is called weakly $2$-absorbing, if for $r,s\in R$ and $x\in M$ with $0\neq rsx\in N,$ either $rs\in (N:M)$ or $rx\in N$ or $sx\in N. $ We study the behavior of $(N:M)$ and $\sqrt{(N:M)},$ when $N$ is weakly $2$-absorbing. The weakly $2$-absorbing submodules when $R=R_1\oplus R_2$ are characterized. Moreover we characterize the faithful modules whose proper submodules are all weakly $2$-absorbing.
Control Parameters Optimization of Accumulator in Hydraulic Power Take-Off System for Eccentric Rotating Wave Energy Converter

To improve the efficiency and stability of an eccentric rotating wave energy converter (ERWEC), the adaptive hydraulic power-take-off (PTO) system with an accumulator is designed and developed. Experiments are performed to analyze the effects of trigger pressure, delay time, and open state duration on average output power and power fluctuation index. The results show that the effects of those three control parameters of accumulator on output power are strongly coupled. The experimental examples are designed based on the optimal Latin hypercube sampling (OLHS) method, and the nonparameterized agent models of control parameters to output power indices are established based on the Gaussian process regression (GPR) method. With the help of sensitivity analysis, it is found that the coupled effect of delay time and open state duration on the power fluctuation index is greater than that on the average output power. Furthermore, the optimal combination of control parameters is obtained by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III), which improves the amount and stability of output power from a hydraulic PTO system. This paper is of important significance for parameter setting of hydraulic PTO systems with an accumulator for wave energy converter, and provides the basis for the real-time adjustment of control parameters under complex sea conditions.
Distinct drivers of two size fractions of operationally dissolved iron in a temperate river

Riverine dissolved iron (Fe) affects water color, nutrients, and marine carbon cycling. Fe size and coupling with dissolved organic matter (DOM), in part, modulates the biogeochemical roles of riverine Fe. We used size fractionation to operationally define dissolved Fe (< 0.22 μm) into soluble (< 0.02 μm) and colloidal (0.02–0.22 μm) fractions in order to characterize the downstream drivers, concentrations, and fluxes of Fe across season and hydrologic regime at the freshwater Connecticut River mainstem, which we sampled bi‐weekly for 2 yrs. Drivers of colloidal and soluble Fe concentrations were markedly different. The response of colloidal Fe concentration to changes in discharge was modulated by water temperature; colloidal Fe decreased with increasing discharge at temperatures < 10.5°C, but increased with increasing discharge at temperatures > 10.5°C. Conversely, soluble Fe concentrations were only positively correlated to discharge at high temperatures (> 20°C). Soluble Fe was strongly positively correlated to a humic‐like DOM fluorescence component, suggesting coupling with DOM subsets, potentially through complexation. While average colloidal Fe fluxes varied twofold seasonally, soluble Fe fluxes varied ninefold; therefore, soluble Fe variability was more important to the overall dissolved Fe variability than colloidal Fe, despite lower concentrations. Seasonal Fe fluxes were decoupled from discharge: dissolved and soluble Fe fluxes were greatest in the fall, whereas discharge was greatest in the spring. Fluxes of soluble Fe, which may be more bioavailable and more likely to be exported to the ocean, were lowest in the summer when downstream biological demand is high, having implications for primary productivity and iron uptake.
Opioids for Osteoarthritis: Cross-Sectional Survey of Patient Perspectives and Satisfaction

Patients often take opioids to relieve osteoarthritis (OA) pain despite limited benefits and potential harms. This study aimed to compare cross-sectional perspectives of patients that were taking prescription opioid (N = 471) or nonopioid medications (N = 185) for OA in terms of satisfaction, expectations of effectiveness, and concerns. Patients prescribed opioids (>7 days) reported more prior treatments (2.47 vs. 1.74), greater mean pain intensity (5.47 vs. 4.11), and worse quality of life (EQ-5D-5L index value mean 0.45 vs. 0.71) than patients prescribed nonopioid medications (all p < 0.0001). Based on linear regression models adjusting for demographics and pain intensity, patients prescribed opioids were less satisfied with overall regimen (3.40 vs. 3.67, p = 0.0322), had less belief that medications were meeting effectiveness expectations (2.72 vs. 3.13, p < 0.0001), and had more concerns about treatments being “not very good” (3.66 vs. 3.22, p = 0.0026) and addiction (3.30 vs. 2.65, p < 0.0001) than patients prescribed nonopioid regimens. When the models were replicated for subgroups with ≥30 days’ medication regimen duration, the findings were consistent with the main analyses. Patients have concerns about the risk of opioid addiction, but those with greater disease burden and more prior treatments continue taking opioid regimens.