Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding and measuring continuity of care in stroke.

Background: This study investigated care for patients following an acute stroke. The focus was on the patient’s experience, with particular reference to their impressions of the continuous and discontinuous aspects of care. The study aimed to explore the meaning of continuity of care for stroke patients, the feasibility of measuring patient-perceived continuity of care in stroke, and to examine its effect on outcomes. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used, starting with a systematic review of the literature and a qualitative exploration of patients’ experiences of care. A case note review was also conducted. An existing quantitative measure of patient-perceived continuity was applied in a sample of patients [N = 310]. Two new measures of continuity of care (one patient-centred and one record-based) were developed and tested in a further sample [N = 178]. Finally, a qualitative study examined the views that stroke care professionals held on communication and continuity of care. Results: Accepted models of continuity of care did not readily transfer to the type of care or the services received by stroke survivors. Patients could, either directly or indirectly, comment on the quality of the individual elements of care they had received, and rate their feelings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with them. They could not distinguish the overall process of care. “Achieved care” and “perceived care” could be measured quantitatively by including components of the physical, psychological and cognitive status of the patient in addition to the two new indices. An association between the measures of care and outcomes was found. Patterns of care were identified that indicated that care networks exist in stroke services. The findings suggest that it is the connectedness of individuals within these networks rather than the longevity or predictability of individual relationships that delivers good care. Conclusions: Continuity of care is a professional concept focused on the provision of statutory services. Current ideas of continuity privilege factors such as relational continuity (seeing the same person) in primary care; managerial continuity in acute care and informational continuity in areas like mental health which emphasises care planning not consultant led care. In measurement from the patient’s perspective, continuity is intimately linked to related concepts such as quality of care and patient satisfaction.
Study on current staffmg of nurses and need of hospital nursing human resources in China

Objective To investigate the current staffing of nurses and need of hospital nursing human resources in China.Methods Data were collected from 181 secondary and tertiary hospitals and 9774 nurses in mainland China by questionnaires.Results The average doctor-nurse ratio was 1 ∶ 1.39 in tertiary hospitals and 1 ∶ 1.31 in secondary hospitals.The doctor-nurse ratios in 164 hospitals (97.6％) and the proportion of nurses in health care staff in 105 hospitals (61.8％) had not reached the standard set by the Ministry of Health of China.62. 3％ nurses held secondary diploma for their initial nursing education.The constituent ratio of nurses held secondary diploma decreased,while the ratio of nurses held advanced diploma and bachelor degree increased in the last 5 years from 2003 to 2007.Sixty percent of newly employed nurses were contract nurses in 2003.The proportion increased to 78％ in 2007,and in some regions it accounted for more than 90％ of new nurses.The needs and constituent ratio of nurses with.secondary diploma and advanced diploma would decrease while nurses with bachelor degree and master degree would increase in the next 5 years (from 2009 to 2013). Conclusions The nursing shortage is still severe in China,and nursing staff mainly held secondary diploma for their initial nursing education.Most of new nurses were employed as conwact nurses.The need of hospitals for nurses has increased,especially for nurses with higher educational level such as bachelor degree and master degree,while the need for secondary diploma hold ers have decreased.The need for advanced diploma holders has increased in the last 5 years and would decrease in the next 5 years,but they would still be the majority of employed nurses.The authors suggested that the staffing of nursing manpower,the work environments and career development of contract nurses should be improved,and the initial nursing education should be upgraded to meet the needs of hospitals. Key words: Nursing; Human resources; Education; Need
The phylogeny of robber flies (Asilidae) inferred from ultraconserved elements

Robber or assassin flies (Asilidae) are a diverse family of venomous predators. The most recent classification organizes Asilidae into 14 subfamilies based on a morphological phylogeny, but many of these are not supported by molecular data. To test the monophyly of various clades in Asilidae, we used the recently developed Diptera‐wide ultraconserved element bait set to compile seven datasets comprising 151 robber flies and 145–2496 loci. We also compared the performance of various nodal support metrics. Our Maximum Likelihood phylogeny was fully resolved and well supported, but partially incongruent with the coalescent phylogeny. Further examination of datasets suggested that GC bias had influenced gene tree inference and subsequent species tree analyses. The subfamilies Brachyrhopalinae, Dasypogoninae, Dioctriinae, Stenopogoninae, Tillobromatinae, Trigonomiminae and Willistonininae were not recovered as monophyletic. The inter‐subfamily relationships are summarized as follows: Laphriinae and Dioctriinae (in part) successively sister to the remaining subfamilies, which form two clades: the first consists of a grade of Stenopogoninae (in part), Willistonininae (in part), Bathypogoninae+Phellinae, Stichopogoninae, Leptogastrinae, Ommatiinae and Asilinae; the second clade consists of a paraphyletic assemblage of genera from Dioctriinae (in part), Trigonomiminae, Stenopogoninae (in part), Tillobromatinae, Brachyrhopalinae and Dasypogoninae. This phylogeny demonstrates that the higher classification of Asilidae is far from settled, but does provide a much‐needed foundation for a thorough revision of the subfamily classification.
Structural studies on copper and nitrogen doped nanosized anatase

Abstract Pure TiO2, N- and Cu-doped and double-doped (Cu, N) samples were synthesized via sol–gel route in order to investigate the local and average structure of the crystalline TiO2 synthesized under different pH conditions. Samples are mainly constituted of anatase phase, even though low but significant amounts of secondary brookite grew in most samples. A detailed structural characterization was performed by means of synchrotron X-ray elastic scattering experiments; structural data of the different samples were obtained by means of the Rietveld refinement, whereas insights about their local structure were gained by means of the pair distribution analysis.
Bribing to Queue-Jump: An experiment on cultural differences in bribing attitudes among Greeks and Germans

We study the role of culture on bribing attitudes in a new dynamic bribery game, where the purpose of bribing is to receive a service earlier by bribing to queue-jump. Our queue-jumping game allows us to distinguish between two classes of bribes: (i) queue-jumping bribes, which aim to increase the briber's expected earnings by jumping the queue, and (ii) counter bribes, which aim to maintain the briber's expected earnings by upholding the current order in the queue. In a laboratory experiment, comprised of four treatments that differ in the number of Greeks and Germans in each group, we analyze both cross-cultural and inter-cultural differences in bribing attitudes. In our cross-cultural treatments, we find that Greeks tend to bribe more often than Germans, but only in the early periods of the game. As time progresses, the Germans quickly catch-up, bribing as often as the Greeks. However, the observed differences in bribe rates in the early periods of the game are driven by queue-jumping bribes rather than counter-bribes. As the ratio of counter-bribes to queue-jumping bribes is significantly lower among Greeks relative to Germans, bribing to queue-jump is more profitable in the Greek groups. In our inter-cultural treatments, we find that minorities, irrespective of nationality, bribe less, despite there are no prospects for monetary or reputational gains. We interpret this result as evidence of outgroup favoritism by minority groups.
Effect of combined oral contraceptives on orthodontic tooth movement in a female rat model

Abstract Background To investigate the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COC) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and periodontal remodelling in a female rat model. Methods A total of 80 three-month-old female, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The maxillary first molars were moved mesially using nickel-titanium coil springs (50 g force). The experimental group (N = 40) ingested 1.5 ml COC (Marvelon, 0.12 mg/d, N.V. Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) daily. The control group (N = 40) ingested 1.5 ml saline (0.9% sodium chloride) daily. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of force application, 10 rats in each group were euthanased and a vernier calliper was used to measure the orthodontic movement of the first molar. Root resorption at pressure areas was assessed by H and E staining. Micro-CT was used to detect alveolar bone mineral density. Results and conclusion The amount of OTM in the experimental group (0.46 ± 0.16 mm) was significantly less than in the control group (0.85 ± 0.25 mm; p = 0.003) during the 28 days of observation. There were significantly smaller (p = 0.002) root resorption lacunae in the experimental group (111710 ± 4037 pixels) compared with the control group (204962 ± 21318 pixels) after 28 days. There was no statistically significant difference in the bone mineral density between the experimental and control groups throughout the study period (p > 0.05 at each time point). The short-term administration of COC may retard tooth movement and reduce the level of root resorption during OTM in female rats.
The effect of impurities on the structure and energy of a crystal surface: Mg impurities in calcite as a case study

A new calculation methodology adopted for the study of crystal surfaces when impurities are present was developed. Moreover, a new way to estimate the surface energy of a doped crystal face was proposed. We have applied the method to study how the structure and energy of the (10.4) crystal face of calcite (CaCO3) are modified when magnesium (Mg2+) impurities are present. In particular, we determined at the empirical level (i) the energy distribution within a (10.4) slab of calcite in which both the percentage and configuration of the Mg2+ ions in the layers forming the slab were varied, and (ii) the surface energy of these Mg-doped slabs. The work methodology described in this paper is extremely versatile and can be applied to the study of any face and crystal. It can be applied to study how vacancies or other point defects affect the structure and energy distribution in a crystal surface. It can also be used to investigate the effect of other impurities (e.g., Mn2+) on the same crystal face, as well as to compare the modifications introduced by the same impurity on different calcite surfaces.
To Classify Cyber-Security Threats in Automotive Doming Using Different Assessment Methodologies

Safety and security are both qualities that concern the overall system. However, these disciplines are traditionally treated independently in the automotive domain. Replacement of classical mechanical systems with safety-critical embedded systems raised the awareness of the safety attribute and caused the introduction of the ISO 26262 standard. In contrast to this, security topics are traditionally seen as attacks of a mechanical nature and as only affecting single vehicles (e.g. door lock and immobilizer related). Due to the increasing interlacing of automotive systems with networks (such as Car2X), new features like autonomous driving, and online software updates, it is no longer acceptable to assume that car fleets are immune to security risks and automated remote attacks. Consequently, future automotive systems development requires appropriate systematic approaches to support cyber security and safety aware development. Therefore, this paper examines threat and risk assessment techniques that are available for the automotive domain and presents an approach to classify cyber-security threats, which can be used to determine the appropriate number of countermeasures that need to be considered. Furthermore, we present a combined approach for safety and security analysis to be applied in early development phases, which is a pre-requisite for consistent engineering throughout the development lifecycle.
First Principles Calculations of Graphene Doped with Al, P and Si Heteroatoms

In this work, studies of the doping effects on the electronic and structural properties of graphene were performed. Calculations have been done within the periodic density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in PWscf code of the Quantum Espresso Package. Graphene layers have been modeled using the 4x4 periodic supercells. The doping is explored considering phosphorus (P), aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si) heteroatoms. One heteroatom per supercell was considered. Electronic structure results show that the pristine graphene has a linear dispersion at high symmetry K point and zero gap. Band structure of graphene doped with Al atoms exhibit a metal behavior since a valence band crosses the Fermi level. Graphene doped with P also presents a metal behavior but in this case a conduction band crosses the Fermi level. In addition, when the dopant is Si the band structure shows a semiconductor behavior with a 0.3 eV gap. In all cases, the zero gap energy characteristic of graphene was changed by dopant heteroatom. The Dirac lineal dispersion relation is preserved only in the pristine graphene.
Soil responses to non-nitrogenous amendments in a nitrogen-saturated temperate forest: an unexpected decrease in methane oxidation after phosphorus and lime addition

Abstract: We measured soil greenhouse gas fluxes and nutrient pools in a nitrogen (N)-polluted north-temperate forest and report relatively small N2O effluxes and high CH4 uptake. Six years after application, non-N fertilizers (P + K, lime) did not significantly reduce soil respiration or increase N2O efflux; however, rates of CH4 oxidation were significantly suppressed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Liquid-Crystalline Networks: Toward Autonomous Shape-Memory Actuation

In this paper, epoxy-based shape-memory liquid-crystalline lightly cross-linked networks (LCN) are synthesized and characterized with a view to the future development of two-way autonomous shape-memory actuators by coupling the LCN with an external epoxy-matrix. Carboxylic acids of different aliphatic chain lengths are used as curing agents for a rigid-rod epoxy-based mesogen. Thermal and liquid-crystalline (LC) properties of the LCN are investigated through calorimetric and X-ray diffraction analysis on unstretched and stretched samples. Structural and thermomechanical properties are studied by means of tensile and dynamic-mechanical analyses and the shape-memory capabilities are analyzed in terms of actuation strain and stress under partially- and fully constrained thermomechanical procedures. The results have shown the possibility to obtain LCN with isotropization temperatures above 100 °C, controlled degree of liquid crystallinity, and high actuation stress and strain by simply varying the aliphatic c.
Removal of copper(II) ions from Aqueous Media by Chemically Modified MCM‐41 with N‐(3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ethylenediamine and Its 4‐hydroxysalicylidene Schiff‐base

The adsorption capacities of mesoporous silica modified with N‐(3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ethylenediamine (MCM‐41‐NH2) and its 4‐hydroxysalicylidene Schiff‐base, MCM‐41‐N‐Hdhba, as sorbents for removal and recovery of copper(II) ions from aqueous media have been investigated. The sorption uptake is highly dependent on the pH, contact time, temperature, diverse ions, mass of sorbent as well as initial Cu(II) ions concentration. At pH 6, the two sorbents, MCM‐41‐NH2 and MCM‐41‐N‐Hdhba, show 96.4% and 99.9% Cu(II) ions removal, respectively. Langmuir isotherm gave the best fit of the experimental data with maximum adsorption capacities 138.8 and 222.2 mg g−1 for MCM‐41‐NH2 and MCM‐41‐N‐Hdhba, respectively. The uptake kinetics were modeled using a pseudo‐second‐order rate equation and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔG° and ΔS°) verified favorable, spontaneous, and exothermic for MCM‐41‐NH2 and endothermic for MCM‐41‐N‐Hdhba adsorption processes. Successive adsorption–desorption studies indicated that MCM‐41‐NH2 and MCM‐41‐N‐Hdhba maintain their adsorption and desorption efficiencies constant over five cycles. Of particular importance is the fact that MCM‐41‐NH2 and MCM‐41‐N‐Hdhba were able to remove 95% of Cu(II) ions from polluted river and tap water. The structures and physicochemical properties of the sorbents before and after adsorption of Cu(II) ions were characterized by using spectroscopic (FTIR and XRD), morphological (TEM‐EDX), thermal, elemental analysis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 746–760, 2018
The preservation and postglacial history of Ice Age Holarctic beetles, as inferred from museum and ancient DNA

Degraded DNA can be recovered from specimens that are preserved in museums and the natural environment. Data generated from such DNA have provided valuable evidence for the assessment of a suite of biologically important questions. However, research of this nature is limited for invertebrate taxa, despite their diversity and ecological necessity. Using DNA data from dry-stored museum and permafrostpreserved ancient specimens, this thesis greatly extends the study of degraded DNA from invertebrates. The thesis focuses on two arctic ground beetle species (Amara alpina, Pterostichus brevicornis), which are abundant in museum collections and permafrost deposits. A lack of data that characterises the preservation and potential of degraded beetle DNA, and thereby assessment of future possibilities for this emerging field, provided the impetus for the first three results chapters. Using two different sequencing approaches, the preservation of DNA in museum and ancient specimens was investigated. In addition, the taxonomic utility of DNA extracted from these specimens was assessed. These chapters demonstrate that DNA could be routinely recovered from museum specimens. DNA from ancient specimens could be recovered from A. alpina but not P. brevicornis. In most cases therefore, degraded DNA from these beetles could be used to address further questions. The final two results chapters focus on the response of the two study species to a past period of climatically driven change, using DNA data from museum and ancient specimens. In these chapters, the mode of postglacial colonisation of Canada at the end of the last ice age was investigated. It was found that existing models of this process were broadly, but not wholly, correct. This may have implications for models of how beetles will respond to future climatic change. Although some challenges lie ahead, this thesis demonstrates the potential for museum and ancient permafrost-preserved beetle specimens in future, DNA-based, large-scale investigations.
The influence of physicochemical characteristics of a non-edible oil of yellow oleander seed on its fuel properties

In this study, oil was extracted from yellow oleander (YO) seed and the yield was found to be 64.7% . The physico-chemical parameters of the yellow oleander seed oil (YO) were assessed following the ASTM standard methods, and found to have iodine value of 75.82 and calorific value of 13.79 MJ/Kg. Other physicochemical parameters determined were acid value (1.26), peroxide value (3.0 meq/kg) and specific gravity (0.88406 g/cm 3 ). Some Fuel properties of the oil include high flash points (192 o C), kinematic viscosity (23.23 mm 2 /s) and cloud point of 14 o C. The FTIR analyses of the YO showed the carbonyl functional group of the triglycerides at 1739 cm -1 to 1745cm -1 as the most intense and prominent bands. The fatty acid composition of the oil was determined using the Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the saturated fatty acid of yellow oleander seed oil was found to be 38.11% with palmitic acid (23.61%) and stearic acid (10.78%). The GC-MS result showed about 80% saturated/ monounsaturated fatty acids in the YO, signifying high potential for biodiesel production. Keywords: yellow oleander seed oil, biodiesel, fuel , triglyceride, saturated fatty acid
PATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF NON - NEOPLASTIC DISEASES IN THE NEPHRECTOMY SPECIMENS

: INTRODUCTION: There is an increase in the number of nephrectomies with the extensive use of imaging techniques in the recent years. In India management of chronic kidney diseases is posing a great challenge as dialysis and kidney transplantations are expensive for the patients. OBJECTIVES: 1. To analyze all the nephrectomy specimens received over a period of ten years, from 2004 to 2014 at K.I. M.S. Hospital and Research center, Bengaluru. 2. To determine the age and sex distribution in various non-neoplastic diseases. 3. To categorize the various types of non-neoplastic conditions of the kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included retrospective and prospective cases over a period of ten years between 2004 to 2014. For the retrospective cases, blocks, slides and records were retrieved and studied. For the prospective cases, nephrectomy specimens sent for histopathological evaluation were studied. Along with routine hematoxylin - eosin stain, special stains were done when required. RESULTS: Our study included a total of 116 nephrectomy specimens of which 84(72.41%) were non-neoplastic and 32(27.59%) were neoplastic lesions. Of the 84 non-neoplastic lesions age distribution varied from 1 month to 70 years. Gender distribution included 54.76% males and 45.23 % females. The male to female ratio being 1.2:1. The commonest non-neoplastic lesion was chronic pyelonephritis (54.31%) and cystic lesions were the least. CONCLUSION: We observed that the number of nephrectomies has increased gradually over the years. Amongst non-neoplastic diseases of kidney chronic pyelonephritis is the commonest cause leading to nephrectomy. in a 48 year old male. Simple cysts are rare in younger individuals and incidence is low in females. A study by Ken Marumo.et. al, showed higher incidence in females. Our study had 1 case of Adult polycystic kidney. Grossly kidney was enlarged showed multiple cysts of varying sizes. Histology showed cyst lined by cuboidal epithelium and hyperplasia of tubular epithelium with papillary formations. Various studies showed higher number of cases of Adult polycystic kidney disease. I. A Mungadi. et. et. al, 8 out of 33 and 24 out of 189 cases respectively.