Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
α-Mangostin Inhibited M1 Polarization of Macrophages/Monocytes in Antigen-Induced Arthritis Mice by Up-Regulating Silent Information Regulator 1 and Peroxisome Proliferators-Activated Receptor γ Simultaneously

Background α-Mangostin (MG) showed the potentials in alleviating experimental arthritis, inhibiting inflammatory polarization of macrophages/monocytes, and regulating peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signals. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlations among the above-mentioned properties. Methods Antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) was established in mouse, which was treated with MG in combination with SIRT1/PPAR-γ inhibitors to clarify the role of the two signals in the anti-arthritic actions. Pathological changes were systematically investigated. Phenotypes of cells were investigated by flow cytometry. Expression and co-localization of SIRT1 and PPAR-γ proteins in joint tissues were observed by the immunofluorescence method. Finally, clinical implications from the synchronous up-regulation of SIRT1 and PPAR-γ were validated by experiments in vitro. Results SIRT1 and PPAR-γ inhibitors (nicotinamide and T0070097) reduced the therapeutic effects of MG on AIA mice, and abrogated MG-induced up-regulation of SIRT1/PPAR-γ and inhibition of M1 polarization in macrophages/monocytes. MG has a good binding affinity to PPAR-γ, and MG promoted the co-expression of SIRT1 and PPAR-γ in joints. Synchronously activating SIRT1 and PPAR-γ was revealed to be necessary by MG to repress inflammatory responses in THP-1 monocytes. Conclusion MG binds PPAR-γ and excites this signaling to initiate ligand-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. Due to certain unspecified signal transduction crosstalk mechanism, it then promoted SIRT1 expression and further limited inflammatory polarization of macrophages/monocytes in AIA mice.
Unforeseen cytomegalovirus retinopathy following high dose thiotepa and proton irradiation in a pediatric patient with high-risk medulloblastoma: A case report

In immunocompetent individuals, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is usually mild but may cause severe complications such as retinitis, pneumonitis, and encephalitis in immunocompromised individuals. So far, cases of CMV retinitis in patients with medulloblastoma undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have not been reported. We herein report the case of a pediatric patient with high-risk medulloblastoma who experienced an unexpected CMV retinopathy and leukoencephalopathy following high dose thiotepa and proton irradiation. The patient underwent a four-course induction therapy (1st cycle: methotrexate and vinorelbine; 2nd cycle: etoposide and hematopoietic stem cells apheresis; 3rd cycle: cyclophosphamide and vinorelbine; 4th cycle: carboplatin and vinorelbine) and then a consolidation phase consisting in high dose thiotepa followed by autologous HSC transplant and proton cranio-spinal irradiation plus boost to the primary tumor site and pituitary site with concomitant vinorelbine. After two months of maintenance treatment with lomustine and vinorelbine, the patient showed complete blindness and leukoencephalopathy. A diagnosis of CMV retinopathy was made and oral valganciclovir was administered. CMV retinopathy was judged to be possibly related to the use of high dose thiotepa worsened by radiotherapy. This case report suggests that in pediatric patients undergoing immunosuppressive chemo-radiotherapy, CMV reactivation should be carefully monitored to prevent serious complications such as retinopathy and visual loss.
Diurnal variability of regional cloud and clear-sky radiative parameters derived from GOES data. Part II : November 1978 cloud distributions.

Abstract Regional (250 × 250 km2) diurnal cloud variability is examined using mean hourly cloud amounts derived from November 1978 GOES-East visible and infrared data with a hybrid bispectral threshold technique. A wide variety of diurnal variations in cloud cover is presented. A morning maximum in low cloudiness is found over much of the eastern Pacific. Many regions in the western Atlantic have peak low-cloud cover near noon. Low clouds reach a maximum most often near noon over most of South America and in the morning over North America. Midlevel clouds are most frequent in the evening over oceans and in the early morning over land. High-cloud maxima are found mainly in the late afternoon over land and in the midafternoon over the oceans. An early morning minimum in high-cloud-top temperature is observed over marine areas. The amplitude of the semidiurnal component of cloudiness is generally much less than that of the diurnal component. The largest diurnal cloud variations occur over the southeastern Pa.
MAGNETOSTATIC MODES IN NANOMETER-SIZED FERROMAGNETIC AND ANTIFERROMAGNETIC TUBES

A theory is presented for the magnetostatic modes in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic nanotubes, which have a large length-to-radius aspect ratio and an external magnetic field parallel to the cylindrical axis. The surface and bulk magnetic excitations (or magnetostatic spin waves) are studied for cases where the dipole–dipole interactions are dominant in the spin dynamics. This situation can be realized at sufficiently small wavevectors by inelastic light scattering or magnetic resonance techniques. A macroscopic continuum theory is developed, using the magnetostatic form of Maxwell's equations and the electromagnetic boundary conditions, and the characteristic equations (or dispersion relations) are deduced for the magnetostatic modes. Numerical calculations are presented for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic nanostructures, taking Ni80Fe20 and MnF2, respectively. The spatial variations of the mode amplitudes are also investigated.
Diversification of Nigeria’s Economy Through Agriculture and Solid Minerals in the Face of Dwindling Economy

This research work examined the diversification of the Nigeria’s economy through agriculture and solid minerals in the face of dwindling economy. The study is founded on simple micro-economic theory of demand and supply. Correlation, co-integration, and Ordinary Least Square Regression tests were adopted in this work. The result obtained in the study suggests that agricultural commodity export prices have positive impact on economic growth of Nigeria. This suggests that Nigeria has to encourage increase in agricultural products through developing the sector. Also, the findings of the study reveal that solid mineral production has significant short and long-run impact on the Nigerian economy. Based on the findings, to develop agricultural and solid minerals sector, which contributed over 90% of Nigeria’s economic growth before the discovery of oil, entails government making these sectors an interesting sector i.e. providing the capital required, both human and non-human, developing markets for agricultural output internationally. It is further recommended that the best policy objective of the government should carry out a comprehensive inventory of the country’s mineral resource potentials and actively promote the development of these resources for both local and foreign consumptions and hope that this will encourage the development of local sources of raw materials for the nations industries.
Nondiffusive photon migration in homogeneous and heterogeneous tissues

The propagation of photons in media for which the diffusion approximation does not hold is investigated. To that end simulations are performed with a finite-difference discrete- ordinate transport code and compared to analytical diffusion calculations. Differences between these transport simulations and diffusion calculations point to features specific for non-diffusive photon migration in homogeneous and heterogeneous tissues.
Enzymology of Ca2+-Mobilizing Second Messengers Derived from NAD: From NAD Glycohydrolases to (Dual) NADPH Oxidases

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its 2′-phosphorylated cousin NADP are precursors for the enzymatic formation of the Ca2+-mobilizing second messengers adenosine diphosphoribose (ADPR), 2′-deoxy-ADPR, cyclic ADPR, and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). The enzymes involved are either NAD glycohydrolases CD38 or sterile alpha toll/interleukin receptor motif containing-1 (SARM1), or (dual) NADPH oxidases (NOX/DUOX). Enzymatic function(s) are reviewed and physiological role(s) in selected cell systems are discussed.
Risk Factors, Impacts, and Therapy for Endometritis in Dairy Cows

Endometritis is diagnosed cytologically, as endometrial inflammation, or clinically as purulent or mucopurulent vaginal discharge. Cytological endometritis (CYTO) is based on an increased proportion of polymorphonuclear cells in endometrial cytology. Purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) has only moderate diagnostic agreement with CYTO. The prevalence of CYTO and PVD have been reported to be as high as 53 and 40%, respectively. Reported risk factors for PVD include dystocia, retained placenta (RP), and metritis. Little information is available on the risk factors for CYTO. Cytological endometritis and PVD were shown independently to have detrimental effects on subsequent reproductive performance. Conflicting results have been reported regarding the effect of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF) on uterine health and reproduction. The hypotheses were that CYTO and PVD would have different risk factors because they represent different reproductive diseases, and that treatment with PGF would mitigate the impact of CYTO and PVD. The objectives of this study were to investigate risk factors and impacts of CYTO and PVD in postpartum dairy cows, and to determine the efficacy of PGF for treating CYTO and PVD and for improving reproductive performance.
Preparation of c-Axis Oriented AlN Thin Films by Low-Temperature Reactive Sputtering

C-axis oriented aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films on (110) silicon were prepared by reactive RF magnetron sputtering in argon and nitrogen atmosphere without substrate heating. We investigated the dependence of some properties for the AlN thin film on sputtering conditions, especially N2 concentration. It was found that c-axis orientation tended to improve gradually with decreasing N2 concentration. The full width of half the maximum intensity (FWHM) of the rocking curve for a (002) plane of hexagonal AlN was 1∼2 degrees at a 10% N2 concentration. This was a suitable value for surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. IDT/AlN/(110)Si structure SAW resonators were fabricated. It was confirmed that the insertion loss was 14 dB and phase velocity was 4800 m/s, respectively.
Finding “g”: Easy Viewing Through Higher Order Factor Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the usefulness of higher order factor analysis in demonstrating the presence of general intelligence as the factor underlying performance on 13 indicators of four of Gardner's (1983) multiple intelligence. Data from Plucker, Callahan, and Tomchin (1996) was reanalyzed using maximum likelihood extraction with oblique rotation. The oblique correlation matrix was factor analyzed. Consistent with Carroll's (1993) factor analytic survey of human cognitive abilities, results indicated that a general intelligence factor underlies correlations between first-order factors.
A Systematic Review on the Visualization of Avatars and Agents in AR & VR displayed using Head-Mounted Displays

Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are pushing from the labs towards consumers, especially with social applications. These applications require visual representations of humans and intelligent entities. However, displaying and animating photo-realistic models comes with a high technical cost while low-fidelity representations may evoke eeriness and overall could degrade an experience. Thus, it is important to carefully select what kind of avatar to display. This article investigates the effects of rendering style and visible body parts in AR and VR by adopting a systematic literature review. We analyzed 72 papers that compare various avatar representations. Our analysis includes an outline of the research published between 2015 and 2022 on the topic of avatars and agents in AR and VR displayed using head-mounted displays, covering aspects like visible body parts (e.g., hands only, hands and head, full-body) and rendering style (e.g., abstract, cartoon, realistic); an overview of collected objective and subjective measures (e.g., task performance, presence, user experience, body ownership); and a classification of tasks where avatars and agents were used into task domains (physical activity, hand interaction, communication, game-like scenarios, and education/training). We discuss and synthesize our results within the context of today's AR and VR ecosystem, provide guidelines for practitioners, and finally identify and present promising research opportunities to encourage future research of avatars and agents in AR/VR environments.
Phenotypic Detection of Carbapenem Resistance in Clinical Isolate of Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Tertiary Care Hospital

The emergence and rapid spread of Multidrug resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae causing nosocomial infections, which require the great afford for the treating the patients by the clinician. The emergence of Metallo β-lactamase (MBL) producing isolates poses a challenge to routine microbiology laboratories. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of various phenotypic methods for detecting MBL production among K. pneumoniae isolate. The current study may provide the necessary data to formulate a hospital antibiotic policy and to prevent the spread of multidrug resistance in the community. Total 240 K. pneumoniae isolates were included in our study which was isolated from various clinical samples from patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in central India. A total of 148 (61.7%) of K. pneumoniae were isolated from male patients whereas 92 (38.3%) isolates were from female patients. Out of 240 K. pneumoniae, 102 (42.5%) was detected Imipenem resistance by conventional (Kirby-Bauer) disc diffusion method which was confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test (Epsilometer test). By the MIC Carbapenem resistance K. pneumoniae were confirmed for MBL producer by using phenotypic test. Combined disc synergy test (CDST) (Imipenem 10 mcg and Imipenem 10mcg + 0.5 m EDTA) and Modified Hodge test (MHT). The MHT test found most sensitive approach for detecting MBL in K. pneumoniae. This procedure is simple and clear and it may use in routine clinical labs for detection of MBL because carbapenems are last resort for treating bacterial infections. In recent years, carbapenem resistance has rampantly increased across the globe.
Association between Living Conditions and the Risk Factors, Etiology, and Outcome of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Objective In recent decades, living conditions have changed drastically. However, there are few data regarding the interaction between living conditions and the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) in young adults. The present study explored the association between living conditions or marital status and the risk factors, etiology, and outcome of IS in young adults. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients with incident IS who were 20-49 years old from 37 clinical stroke centers. We collected the demographic data, living conditions, marital status, vascular risk factors, disease etiology, treatment, and outcomes at discharge. A comparison group was established using the official statistics of Japan. We categorized patients into the two groups based on living conditions: solitary group and cohabiting group. Clinical characteristics were then compared between living conditions. Results In total, 303 patients were enrolled (224 men; median age at the onset: 44 years old). Significant factors associated with the incidence of IS were as follows: solitary status, body mass index >30 kg/m2, current smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Furthermore, in the solitary group, the proportions of men, unmarried individuals, and current smokers were significantly higher than in the cohabiting group. In addition, poor outcomes (modified Rankin Scale ≥4) of IS were more common in the solitary group than in the cohabiting group. Conclusion Our study showed that not only conventional vascular risk factors but also living conditions, especially living alone while unmarried, were independent risk factors for IS in young adults.
PC solutions for heat transfer and fluid flow downstream of an abrupt, asymmetric enlargement in a channel

An IBM PC was used to obtain finite-difference solutions to a complex heat transfer and fluid flow problem in which the solution domain contained nearly 6000 grid points. The investigated problem was the abrupt, asymmetric enlargement of a parallel-plate channel. The enlargement lakes the form of a backward-facing step, the presence of which causes separation of the flow. Heat transfer occurred at the channel wall which extended downstream from the foot of the step. The present velocity solutions were shown to be at least as accurate as prior numerical solutions and served to extend the range of investigated enlargements. The variation of the local Nusselt number with the Reynolds number took on different forms at various axial distances from the enlargement step. In a region extending downstream from the step, the Nusselt number actually decreased monotonically with increasing Reynolds number. Farther downstream, the Nusselt-Reynolds variation was monotonically increasing, while still farther downstream,.
A nonparametric estimator for pairwise-interaction point processes

SUMMARY The paper develops a nonparametric estimator for the class of pairwise-interaction point processes. The estimator is based on an approximation in statistical physics due to Percus and Yevick, which relates the interaction function of a pairwise-interaction point process to its second-order statistics via an integral equation. The results of a simulation study are presented.
A multipole magnetostatic volume wave resonator filter

A new configuration of a magnetostatic forward volume wave (MSFVW) resonator has been designed and tested. In order to avoid the off-resonance transmission of conventional MSFVW two-port resonators, a component consisting of two resonator sections coupled together through a grating reflecting waves only at the resonator frequency has been implemented. The device is fabricated on an epitaxial yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film grown on a gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate. Resonators with this configuration designed to operate at 300 μm and 150 μm wavelengths have been achieved and their performances evaluated. Typically, at 3 GHz, the insertion loss is 22 dB ; the rejection near resonance frequency is 15 dB ; the quality factor is ciose to 500 and the response is tunable between 2 GHz and 8 GHz.
Biomimetic Nanozymes Suppressed Ferroptosis to Ameliorate Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Synergetic Effect of Antioxidant Stress and GPX4 Restoration

Mitochondria-dependent ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC), which remains a clinical challenge due to the lack of effective interventions. Cerium oxide (CeO2), a representative nanozyme, has attracted much attention because of its antioxidant properties. This study evaluated CeO2-based nanozymes for the prevention and treatment of DIC in vitro and in vivo by adding nanoparticles (NPs), which were synthesized by biomineralization, to the culture or giving them to the mice, and the ferroptosis-specific inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) was used as control. The prepared NPs exhibited an excellent antioxidant response and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-depended bioregulation, with the additional merits of bio-clearance and long retention in the heart. The experiments showed that NP treatment could significantly reverse myocardial structural and electrical remodeling, and reduce myocardial necrosis. These cardioprotective therapeutic effects were associated with their ability to alleviate oxidative stress, mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential damage, with a superior efficiency to the Fer-1. The study also found that the NPs significantly restored the expression of GPX4 and mitochondrial-associated proteins, thereby restoring mitochondria-dependent ferroptosis. Therefore, the study provides some insights into the role of ferroptosis in DIC. It also shows that CeO2-based nanozymes could be a promising prevention and treatment candidate as a novel cardiomyocyte ferroptosis protector to mitigate DIC and improve prognosis and quality of life in cancer patients.
Discovery and Genome Characterization of a Closterovirus from Wheat Plants with Yellowing Leaf Symptoms in Japan

Many aphid-borne viruses are important pathogens that affect wheat crops worldwide. An aphid-transmitted closterovirus named wheat yellow leaf virus (WYLV) was found to have infected wheat plants in Japan in the 1970s; however, since then, its viral genome sequence and occurrence in the field have not been investigated. We observed yellowing leaves in the 2018/2019 winter wheat-growing season in an experimental field in Japan where WYLV was detected five decades ago. A virome analysis of those yellow leaf samples lead to the discovery of a closterovirus together with a luteovirus (barley yellow dwarf virus PAV variant IIIa). The complete genomic sequence of this closterovirus, named wheat closterovirus 1 isolate WL19a (WhCV1-WL19a), consisted of 15,452 nucleotides harboring nine open reading frames. Additionally, we identified another WhCV1 isolate, WL20, in a wheat sample from the winter wheat-growing season of 2019/2020. A transmission test indicated that WhCV1-WL20 was able to form typical filamentous particles and transmissible by oat bird-cherry aphid (Rhopalosiphum pad). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that WhCV1 was distantly related to members of the genus Closterovirus (family Closteroviridae), suggesting that the virus represents a novel species in the genus. Furthermore, the characterization of WhCV1-WL19a-derived small RNAs using high-throughput sequencing revealed highly abundant 22-nt-class small RNAs potentially derived from the 3′-terminal end of the WhCV1 negative-strand genomic RNA, indicating that this terminal end of the WhCV1 genome is likely particularly targeted for the synthesis of viral small RNAs in wheat plants. Our results provide further knowledge on closterovirus diversity and pathogenicity and suggest that the impact of WhCV1 on wheat production warrants further investigations.
Optimised conversion efficiency of a HTS MMIC Josephson down-converter

A high-Tc superconducting (HTS) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Josephson down-converter that approaches zero conversion loss is reported. The all-HTS YBa2Cu3O7−x thin-film circuit consists of a step-edge Josephson junction mixer, a 10–12 GHz bandpass filter for the RF input, a lowpass filter for the IF output and a resonant strip line for local oscillator isolation; all are integrated on a single 10 mm × 20 mm MgO substrate. The DC characteristics of the junction and its mixing properties have been experimentally studied and compared to the results of (a) a single Josephson mixer without the on-chip HTS filters, and (b) our previously reported MMIC down-converter which had very different junction characteristics. The Josephson junction parameters are analysed to give insight into their effect on the mixer performance.