Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The nonlinear free vibration of a damped elastic string

A theoretical analysis of the large‐amplitude free vibration of a damped elastic string shows that the perturbation in vibrational frequency and the precession of any orbital motion of the string about its equilibrium position resulting from nonlinearity is simply related to the mean‐square radius and area of the orbital motion. A computer simulation of the coupled nonlinear equations of motion and measurements made on a loosely stretched string confirm our theoretical predictions, which differ from those of an earlier analysis by Anand [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 45, 1089–1096 (1969)]. The significance of nonlinear string vibration is considered for musical instruments.
Effect of maternal dietary habits and gestational weight gain on birth weight: an analytical cross-sectional study among pregnant women in the Tamale Metropolis

Introduction dietary intake and optimal gestational weight gain are important factors leading to a positive outcome for both mothers and their infants. Women who consume inadequate diet and gain inadequate weight during pregnancy are at risk of bearing a baby with low birth weight, whereas those who gain excessive weight are at increased risk of preeclampsia, having macrosomal babies, and gestational diabetes. The study aimed to assess the effect of maternal dietary intake, gestational weight on birth weight among pregnant women in Tamale Metropolis. Methods the study was a health-facility-based analytical cross-sectional study that involved 316 postnatal mothers. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data collected were analyzed using STATA version 12. Multiple logistic regression model was estimated to determine the predictors of birth weight. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results the study showed 17.8%, 55.9%, and 26.4% prevalence of inadequate, adequate, and excessive gestational weight gain, respectively. Although, all respondents consume supper every day, only 40.0% consumes snacks daily, 97.5% and 98.7% consumes breakfast and lunch daily respectively. Majority of the respondents (92.4%) had acceptable minimum dietary diversity. About 11.0% and 4.0% of the babies were low birth weight and macrosomic, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of inadequate and adequate dietary intake was, respectively, 7.6% and 92.4%. The results showed that underweight before pregnancy (BMI<18Kg/m2) (AOR=8.3, 95% CI: 6.7-15.0) and inadequate weight gain during pregnancy (AOR=4.5, 95% CI: 3.9-6.5) were significant determinant of low birthweight baby. Conclusion on the whole, maternal body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy were strong predictors of low birth weight. Low birth weight is a major public health concern and the causes multifaceted in natures. Therefore, to deal with low birth weight, a more holistic and multi-sectoral approaches such as behaviour change communication and comprehensive preconception care are required.
Economic Growth, Human Capital, Public Investment, and Poverty in Underdeveloped Regions in Indonesia

Poverty is a worldwide issue since its effects are widespread. In Indonesia, most pockets of poverty are found in rural or underdeveloped areas. This research is essential as a reference for addressing the issue of poverty in Indonesia's undeveloped regions, as few studies have analyzed the causes of poverty in underdeveloped regions. This study analyses the impact of economic growth, human capital, and public investment on the alleviation of poverty in Indonesia’s undeveloped regions. This study employs panel data from 62 underprivileged regions in Indonesia according to Presidential Decree No. 63 of 2020 with an observation period of 2010-2020. The analytical method used is the ECM panel model. The unit root test indicates that the research data is steady and cointegrated at the first level of differentiation. This study demonstrates that economic growth does not have a substantial influence on poverty levels in underdeveloped areas of Indonesia, although human capital and public investment do, both in the short and long term. Human capital contributes more to reducing poverty in disadvantaged areas, but state investment increases the number of poor in Indonesia's underdeveloped regions.
SCATTERING OF 200-Mev POSITRONS BY ELECTRONS

Scattering of positrons by electrons has been investigated by bombarding a beryllium target with 200-Mev positrons and observing the recoil electrons in a diffusion cloud chamber located behind the target. The cloud chamber was in a magnetic field which permitted the yield of recoil electrons to be measured as a function of their energy W. The experiment covered the range 88<~W<~200 Mev. The positron beam also traversed the cloud chamber and the total number of incident positrons was determined by track-counting. The total electron yield for 88<~W<~200 Mev is (113±9)% below that predicted by the first-order Bhabha theory. This difference cannot be interpreted until radiative corrections to the theory have been evaluated. A calculation of these corrections which is valid for the conditions of this experiment is not available. The shape of the electron energy spectrum is in good agreement with the Bhabha theory, and inconsistent with the theory if annihilation terms are omitted.
Vector potentials and physical optics

The general problem considered is to obtain solutions w to the vector equation v = curl(w), where v is a given divergence−free vector field with singularities. Two methods are discussed: A special method, which applies when v is of the type which occurs in the Kirchhoff theory of diffraction, and a general method, which applies to any divergence−free vector field whatever. As an example the general method is used to obtain the Maggi−Rubinowicz representations of the Kirchhoff−Helmholtz (double) integral as a line integral. The singularities of the solutions w are known to produce important optical effects, and the nature of these singularities is largely determined by topological properties of the domain on which v is regular.
CPD providers can positively impact practice by better understanding how APNs are educated, licenced, and certified

ABSTRACT Advanced practice nurses (APNs) care for various patient populations in a wide variety of settings. The four types of APNs in the USA (certified nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse-midwife, and certified registered nurse anaesthetist) have differences and commonalities related to education, licensure, and certification. Care provided by APNs has been demonstrated to be of high quality, and APNs are active and engaged participants in continuing professional development (CPD) as CPD is required to maintain licensure and board certification. APNs also frequently function as clinical and academic faculty.
The displacement of the sun from the galactic plane using IRAS and faust source counts

I determine the displacement of the Sun from the Galactic plane by interpreting IRAS point-source counts at 12 and 25 microns in the Galactic polar caps using the latest version of the SKY model for the point-source sky (Cohen 1994). A value of solar zenith = 15.5 +/- 0.7 pc north of the plane provides the best match to the ensemble of useful IRAS data. Shallow K counts in the north Galactic pole are also best fitted by this offset, while limited FAUST far-ultraviolet counts at 1660 A near the same pole favor a value near 14 pc. Combining the many IRAS determinations with the few FAUST values suggests that a value of solar zenith = 15.0 +/- 0.5 pc (internal error only) would satisfy these high-latitude sets of data in both wavelength regimes, within the context of the SKY model.
Two-channel AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistor for high power applications

We report on a double-channel AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistor (HFET) for high power applications, where the bottom channel is formed by a GaN/AlGaN/GaN semiconductor–insulator–semiconductor structure. The band structure and the charge distribution are strongly influenced by the piezoelectric effect caused by the mismatch between AlGaN and GaN. This new design demonstrates that the current carrying capability of AlGaN/GaN HFETs can be enhanced using multichannel structures.
Molecular Detection of Salmonella spp. and E. coli non-O157:H7 in Two Halal Beef Slaughterhouses in the United States

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria on halal beef carcasses and environmental surfaces in two halal beef slaughterhouses in the United States. To evaluate halal beef slaughter operations, 144 beef carcass samples (pre- and post-evisceration), and 24 environmental site samples (slaughter hall floor, brisket saw, and offal’s table) were collected in two halal beef slaughterhouses during June to September 2017. All carcass and environmental samples were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella spp. , Escherichia coli O157:H7, and shiga toxin-producing E. coli (non-O157 STEC). Results revealed that Salmonella spp. was isolated and confirmed for the presence of invA gene in 5/36 samples (13.8%) and 5/36 samples (13.8%) at pre-evisceration in plants A and B, respectively. Salmonella spp. was isolated in 2/9 samples (5.6%) of plants A and was not detected in any sample at post-evisceration process. E. coli O157:H7 was not detected in any sample collected from plant A and B. E. coli non-O157 was isolated and confirmed for the presence of virulence genes in 4/36 samples (11.1%) and 2/36 samples (5.5%) at post-evisceration in plants A and B, respectively. Salmonella spp. was detected based on the presence of the Salmonella invA gene in the slaughter hall floor (4/4) and the offal’s table (2/4) samples using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR). In plant B, Salmonella spp. was also confirmed in the slaughter hall floor (2/4) and brisket saw (2/4) samples. On the other hand, one isolate of E. coli O157:H7 and one non-O157 STEC were obtained from the slaughter hall floor of plant A. The E. coli O157:H7 isolate was positive for stx1, stx2, eaeA, and EHEC-hly genes. Two isolates of non-O157 STEC (2/4) were detected in the environmental site samples, one from the slaughter hall floor, and one from an offal’s table sample of plant B. These data can be used to inform food safety interventions targeting halal meat operations in the southeastern United States.
Big Profits, Big Harm? Exploring the Link Between Firm Financial Performance and Human Rights Misbehavior

We examine whether, relative to their global peers, the financial performance of firms from developing countries leads to increases in human rights abuses. We also study the institutional conditions that qualify this relationship. Based on a combination of behavioral and neo-institutional theories, we suggest there is a positive relationship between financial performance and human rights misbehavior as home country liabilities motivate firms to misbehave to achieve their primary goal of economic leadership. We also suggest that strong regulatory and normative pressures attenuate the abovementioned positive relationship, as failure to comply with norms endangers such firms’ secondary goal of achieving international legitimacy. Our analysis, based on a sample of 245 large companies from eight developing countries studied over a 20-year period, supports our hypotheses. Our empirical results suggest that such companies misbehave when they endeavor to strike a balance between maintaining their global economic leadership and sustaining their social legitimacy.
Effects of cracks on chloride‐induced corrosion initiation and propagation of carbon and stainless steel rebar

Current durability design models for reinforced concrete structures in chloride‐contaminated environments do not consider the effects of cracks, which in practice are almost inevitable. Literature reports controversial results on corrosion propagation time of carbon steel (CS) in cracked concrete, while fewer information can be found on stainless steel (SS) rebar, which can be employed as additional protection strategy. In this experimental study, corrosion initiation and propagation of CS and SS rebar in uncracked and cracked concrete are presented. Prismatic specimens, reinforced with CS and 304L SS bars were subjected to a loading procedure to induce longitudinal micro‐cracks and exposed to a 3.5% NaCl solution for more than 2 years. Corrosion was monitored with electrochemical techniques and at the end of exposure corrosive attacks were observed. Results demonstrate the fundamental contribution of micro‐cracks in accelerating corrosion phenomena for CS, while SS is still in passive conditions also in cracked concrete.
String stability of relative-motion PID vehicle control systems

An important performance criterion for moving vehicle longitudinal control systems is string stability in the face of perturbations in the motion of individual vehicles. Systems employing a moving-cell reference for each vehicle always exhibit string stability since there is no vehicle interaction within the string. This correspondence investigates the string stability for a class of relative-motion systems where a moving-cell position reference is not available. It is shown that string stability can be achieved only by using both forward and rearward intervehicle separation measurements.
An Attachment-Based Management Framework of Destination Attributes: Drawing on the Appraisal Theories of Emotion

A management framework for destination attributes is critical for the reasonable allocation of resources. However, existing management frameworks for destination attributes estimate the management value of attributes by calculating their contribution to cognitive satisfaction, which deviates from the “cognition-affection” relationship in psychology. In this scenario, destination attachment is an important concept reflecting the emotional values of attributes. This study proposes an attachment-based management framework for destination attributes based on the appraisal theories of emotion in the context of the progressive development of Hangzhou, China, as a typical mature destination. A networking method is applied to develop the management framework. This is the first study to establish an emotion-based management framework for destination attributes from a psychological perspective. Implications regarding the framework development method and destination attribute management are also provided.
Enhanced electron injection in organic electroluminescence devices using an Al/LiF electrode

A bilayer is used as an electrode for organic electroluminescent devices. The bilayer consists of an ultrathin LiF layer adjacent to an electron-transporting layer and an aluminum outerlayer. Devices with the bilayer electrode showed enhanced electron injection and high electroluminescence efficiency as compared with a Mg0.9Ag0. 1 cathode. Similar effects were observed when replacing MgO for LiF. The improvements are attributed to band bending of the organic layer in contact with the dielectrics.
Hydraulics of developing chute flow

A turbulent boundary layer develops if water flows down a chute. This region is referred to as the developing zone, where a turbulent boundary layer coexists with a irrotational flow above it. No computational approach is currently available for the developing zone based on the simultaneous solution of the momentum equation inside the boundary layer and the energy equation for the irrotational flow zone. An analytical solution of the energy, and the von Karman momentum equations using a power law velocity profile inside the boundary layer yield explicit equations for the free surface and the turbulent boundary layer profiles. The model developed is applicable to an uncontrolled spillway crest followed by a steep chute of constant slope. The analytical results obtained herein proved to be a close fit to both experimental data and detailed solutions of the Reynolds equations for chute flow. Itwas demonstrated herein that the Colebrook–White equation generally underestimates the friction factor in developing chute flow.
Beneficial, Harmful, or Both? Effects of Corporate Venture Capital and Alliance Activity on Product Recalls

Despite growing numbers of corporate venture capital (CVC) deals and alliances, their effectiveness is not guaranteed. This paper investigates the positive and negative impacts of CVC and alliance activity on product safety under different levels of market turbulence. Using a resource-based learning perspective and panel data from large U.S. firms, we find that both CVC and alliance activity have inverted U-shaped relationships with product recall likelihood. Market turbulence moderates both relationships, but differently. We discuss how learning theory complements the resource-based view to understand why no or rather bold external venturing are less harmful than small-scale “stuck-in-the-middle” initiatives.
Vibrations of a Timoshenko Beam, Using Finite‐Element Approach

The finite‐element method for solution of problems in structural mechanics is extended to vibration of beams, including shear and rotary inertia effects. Use is made of a consistent mass matrix in conjunction with the corresponding stiffness matrix. The method is applicable to uniform and nonuniform beams with any boundary conditions. Excellent agreement with exact results has been obtained, even for a very coarse subdivision of the beam.
Theory of longitudinal magnetoimpedance in wires

A theory of giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) in anisotropic magnetic wires is presented. The theory is valid over a broad field and frequency range. The emphasis is put on the GMI response in the low field region, where the wire is not saturated. The behavior of the wire may be described using three magnetic modes of mixed electromagnetic and spin wave character and one nonmagnetic mode, which is uncoupled from the magnetic response of the material. The properties of these four modes are discussed, with particular attention to the exchange-conductivity effects, which play a decisive role at moderate frequency. Application of the theory to real material is examined, with an outline of its applicability and its limitations. Predictions of the model compare well with experimental data on CoFeSiB wire.
The experience of deaf students in secondary mainstream classrooms

This article aims to explore the classroom experience of students of secondary age who are deaf and who are being educated in mainstream secondary schools in England. In this approach, there is considerable emphasis on hearing the authentic voice of the students separate from the influence of their teachers and parents.In-depth interviews were conducted in the students’ homes. Recordings of the interviews were transcribed and employed to identify themes in the data, adopting a ‘Grounded Theory’ approach. Further analysis of the themes led to a consideration of what implications there may be for the students, for the adults who support their learning, including educational psychologists, and for policymakers.The findings indicate that both the medical and social models of disability may need to be reappraised in terms of the framework they provide for guiding schools in educating their students. An alternative model, the risk and resilience model, is considered, which recognises the importance of the active contribution which the students may make in maintaining their placement in their schools.The evidence arising from this investigation suggests that the learning outcomes for deaf students in mainstream classrooms are finely balanced. Not to learn from the students about their experience would be to overlook a rich source of information on how schools and teaching might be improved and the underperformance of deaf children addressed.
Folic-Acid-Conjugated Thermoresponsive Polymeric Particles for Targeted Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil to CRC Cells

Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the third most frequently diagnosed form of cancer associated with high mortality rates. Recently, targeted drug delivery systems have been under increasing attention owing to advantages such as high therapeutic effectiveness with a significant depletion in adverse events. In this report, we describe the biocompatible and thermoresponsive FA-conjugated PHEA-b-PNIPAAm copolymers as nanocarriers for the delivery of 5-FU. The block copolymers were obtained using RAFT (Reversible Addition–Fragmentation chain Transfer) polymerization and were characterized by methods such as SEC (Size Exclusion Chromatography), NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), UV–Vis (Ultraviolet–Visible), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy, and TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis). Nanoparticles were formed from polymers with and without the drug-5-fluorouracil, which was confirmed using DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), zeta potential measurements, and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) imaging. The cloud points of the polymers were found to be close to the temperature of the human body. Eventually, polymeric carriers were tested as drug delivery systems for the safety, compatibility, and targeting of colorectal cancer cells (CRC). The biological evaluation indicated high compatibility with the representative host cells. Furthermore, it showed that proposed nanosystems might have therapeutic potential as mitigators for 5-FU-induced monocytopenia, cardiotoxicity, and other chemotherapy-associated disorders. Moreover, results show increased cytotoxicity against cancer cells compared to the drug, including a line with a drug resistance phenotype. Additionally, the ability of synthesized carriers to induce apoptosis and necrosis in treated CRC cells has been confirmed. Undoubtedly, the presented aspects of colorectal cancer therapy promise future solutions to overcome the conventional limitations of current treatment regimens for this type of cancer and to improve the quality of life of the patients.
Are Z Camelopardalis–Type Dwarf Novae Brighter at Standstill?

Average V‐band brightnesses over multiple outbursting and standstill intervals are computed for the light curves of five Z Cam–type dwarf novae: RX And, Z Cam, SY Cnc, AH Her, and HX Peg. Both CCD photometry from RoboScope and AAVSO visual estimates are used in the analysis, with consistent results from the two databases for the stars in common. In four of the five stars, the standstills are as bright as or brighter than the mean V‐band brightness during outbursting intervals. This is consistent with Z Cam stars being near the upper stability boundary in M for operation of the thermal limit cycle that is thought to be responsible for dwarf nova outbursts. However, the unusual standstills or hesitations observed in SY Cnc are sometimes fainter than the mean brightness during outbursting intervals. From several well‐observed examples we describe the light curves of Z Cam stars as they enter standstill. During this characteristic damped oscillation the amplitude decreases with a timescale approximately equal to the mean outburst recurrence interval, and the period of the oscillation decreases with P≃ -0.4 as standstill is approached. The exits from standstill usually change abruptly into outbursting mode by emerging from standstill into a decline from outburst.