Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
in bipolar

Most genetic risk for psychiatric disease lies in regulatory regions, implicating pathogenic dysregulation of gene expression and splicing. However, comprehensive assessments of transcriptomic organization in disease brain are limited. Here, we integrate genotype and RNA-sequencing in brain samples from 1695 subjects with autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and controls. Over 25% of the transcriptome exhibits differential splicing or expression, with isoform-level changes capturing the largest disease effects and genetic enrichments. co-expression networks isolate disease-specific neuronal alterations, as well as microglial, astrocyte, and interferon response modules defining novel neural-immune mechanisms. We prioritize disease loci likely mediated by cis-effects on brain expression via transcriptome-wide association analysis. This transcriptome-wide characterization of the molecular pathology across three major Longer read sequencing, which provides a more precise means for isoform quantification, will be of great utility as it becomes more feasible at scale. Several broad shared patterns of gene expression dysregulation have been observed in post mortem brain in previous studies, most prominently, a gradient of downregulation of neuronal and synaptic signaling genes, and upregulation of glial-immune or neuroinflammatory signals. Here, we refine these signals by distinguishing both up and downregulated neuron-related processes that are differentially altered across these three disorders. Furthermore, we extend previous work that identified broad neuroinflammatory dysregulation in SCZ, ASD, and BD, by identifying specific pathways involving IFN-response, NFkB, astrocytes and microglia that manifest distinct temporal patterns across conditions. A module enriched for microglial-associated genes, for example, shows a clear distinction between disorders, with strong upregulation observed on ASD and significant downregulation in SCZ and BD. Overall, these results provide increased specificity to the genes from SFARI Gene database; Vulnerable ASD genes (98); Genes with probability of loss-of-function intolerance (pLI) > 0.99 as reported by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (99); Genes with likely-gene-disruption (LGD) or LGD plus missense de novo mutations (DNMs) found in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders
Murine Lyme Borreliosis Cutting Edge: T Cell-Mediated Pathology in

Even in the absence of an appropriate model or direct evidence, T cells have been hypothesized to exacerbate the manifestations of Lyme disease. To deﬁne deﬁnitely the role of T cells in Lyme disease, the course of disease in immunocompetent and B cell-deﬁcient mice was compared. By 8 wk postinoculation, immunocompetent mice resolved both carditis and arthritis, whereas foci of myocarditis and severe destructive arthritis characterized disease of B cell-deﬁcient mice. Cell transfer experiments using infected B6- Rag1 knock out mice demonstrated that: 1) innate immunity mediated the initial sequelae of infection, 2) transferring both naive T cells and B cells induced resolution of carditis and arthritis, 3) infected mice reconstituted with T cells developed myocarditis and severe destructive arthritis, and 4) CD4 1 T cells were responsible for the observed immune-mediated pathology. These data demonstrate directly the deleterious effect of T cells in Lyme disease. The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 165: 6096–6099. Borrelia
Assessment of S100β in Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy

Aim: Assess the serum levels of S100β in the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy and its sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of different types of hepatic encephalopathy. Also, compare these results with ammonia levels in the same groups of patients. Patients and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 60 patients (36 males and 24 females) of hepatic cirrhosis post chronic hepatitis C viral infection along with 60 ages and sex-matched healthy subjects (34 males and 26 females). The patients group classified into; Compensated group, Decompensated with covert hepatic encephalopathy group, and Decompensated with grade I-II hepatic encephalopathy. The studied groups were subjected to thorough clinical history and examination, neuropsychological testing, plasma ammonia level, and serum S100β. Results: There was a significant increase of S100β throughout the studied groups (16.75, 38.15, 57.00, and 86.20 ng/ml), P-value <0.001. Also, there was a significant increase of ammonia throughout the studied groups (21.50, 81.00, 98.50, and 188.50 µg/dl), P-value <0.001. Serum S100β >77.5 ng/ml has a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 85% for hepatic encephalopathy diagnosis while plasma ammonia >165 ug/dl sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 100%. S100β >42 ng/ml has a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 65% for the diagnosis of covert hepatic encephalopathy while plasma ammonia >92 ug/dl with the sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 75%. Conclusion: S100β candidate to be diagnostic serum marker of minimal hepatic encephalopathy.
Effect of sublethal concentrations of insecticides on the feeding indices of Spodoptera litura under e CO 2 and e Temp conditions

To better understand the sublethal effects of insecticides (Spinosad, emamectin benzoate, thiodicarb, monocrotophos and fenvalerate) on Spodoptera litura , under e CO 2 and e Temp several studies were carried out to investigate the sublethal effects on the developmental stages and feeding indices of S. litura . The Relative Growth Rate, Relative Consumption Rate, Efficiency of Conversion of Digested food and Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested food decreased with increase in temperatures after exposure to sublethal doses (LC 10 and LC 30 ) of spinosad and fenvalerate . Contrastingly, higher feeding indices were recorded in the larvae treated with Emamectin benzoate, monocrotophos and thiodicarb.
Essays in Industrial Organization

The relationship between acquisitions and investment in research and development can be either directly or inversely related. The three arguments that explain the correlation between the acquisition likelihood and research intensity are managerial myopia, leveraged buyouts and strategic sale of the company motive. In the first chapter of my dissertation, I show that probability of failures and takeovers are negatively associated with firms’ research intensity in the biotechnology industry, which supports the managerial myopia argument. The second chapter of my dissertation is based on personality traits as an alternative approach to explain the backward induction failures. In this second essay, we demonstrate that risk taking and assertiveness reduce; self-esteem and intellect traits raise the probability of subgame perfect equilibrium plays in centipede games.
Non-spaced inverted DNA repeats are preferential targets for homology-directed gene repair in mammalian cells

DNA repeats constitute potential sites for the nucleation of secondary structures such as hairpins and cruciforms. Studies performed mostly in bacteria and yeast showed that these non-canonical DNA structures are breakage-prone, making them candidate targets for cellular DNA repair pathways. Possible culprits for fragility at repetitive DNA sequences include replication and transcription as well as the action of structure-specific nucleases. Despite their patent biological relevance, the parameters governing DNA repeat-associated chromosomal transactions remain ill-defined. Here, we established an episomal recombination system based on donor and acceptor complementary DNA templates to investigate the role of direct and inverted DNA repeats in homologous recombination in mammalian cells. This system allowed us also to ascertain in a stringent manner the impact of repetitive sequence replication on homology-directed gene repair. We found that non-spaced DNA repeats can, per se , engage the homologous recombination pathway of the cell and that this process is primarily dependent on their spacing and relative arrangement (i.e. parallel or anti-parallel) rather than on their sequence. Indeed, our data demonstrate that contrary to direct and to spaced inverted repeats, non-spaced inverted repeats are intrinsically recombinogenic motifs in mammalian cells lending experimental support to their role in genome dynamics in higher eukaryotes. gene repair Taken together, these data indicate that under experimental replication of acceptor DNA molecules carrying a palindrome, a direct repeat or a spaced inverted repeat does not significantly homology-directed gene repair.
Children and Gender Inequality Evidence from Switzerland

Despite significant international initiatives, the gender wage gap seems to persist and in the more recent past has even shown effects of reinforcement. While traditional factors such as education, at least in developed countries, seem to play a negligible role, more modern influences such as the division of labor, mostly based on the birth of children, are having an impact on wage discrepancies between men and women. Using data from the Swiss Household Panel, this paper analyses if this so-called motherhood wage penalty for women exists in Switzerland and what its effects are. The findings from the event-driven regression method show, that depending on the years since the birth of the first child, women earn between 20 and 40% less than men, controlling for characteristics such as age, education and labor-related features. According to the analysis, most of the motherhood wage penalty is due to a significant reduction in women’s workload compared to men’s, which also results in lower career op-portunities. Furthermore, findings from robustness checks show that even when controlling for full-time individuals, there seems to be a motherhood wage penalty, as women’s wages tend to grow at slower rate than men’s after the birth of the first child.
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Rabbits

| P. multocida is the main bacterial pathogen causing respiratory manifestations (snuffles) in rabbits with significant economi c losses and poor prognosis in Egypt. So, this study aims to detect and identify P. multocida isolated from rabbits by molecular techniques. To establish this goal, lungs, liver, and heart (50 for each organ) were collected from 50 diseased rabbits (suffering from respiratory signs) from backyard rabbits at different localities in Sohag governorate, Egypt. All samples were submitted for PCR test and other conventional methods of identification. Recovery of P. multocida isolates of diseased rabbits from lung, liver, and heart were 23 (46%), 11 (22%), 13 (26%), respectively, with a total incidence of 47 (31.3%). Biochemical reactions proved that 20 (42.5%) out of 47 isolates had the typical biochemical properties of P. multocida . However, only 10 isolates were identified as P. multocida using species-spe-cific primers by conventional PCR with an incidence of 6.7%, besides belonging to serogroup A by multiplex PCR. Serologically only eight isolates belong to somatic serotypes 1, 3, and 12 with a percentage of 20%, 10%, and 10% respectively, while other isolates were untypable. All the recovered isolates were further subjected to multiplex PCR screening of some common virulence genes and revealed the presence of pfhA , hgbB, tbpA , toxA , sodA , ptfA , sodC , nanB, and oma87 with percentages of 30%, 60%, 10%, 100%, 70%, 90%, 90%, 90%, and 100% respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility tests of the recovered isolates revealed that they were all multidrug-resistant (MDR) with a predominance of resistance to erythromycin and oxytetracycline. In conclusion, these findings evidenced that clinically diseased rabbits have a high frequency of MDR and virulent Pasteurella multocida strains.
Socio-Economic Potentials of Plants Used for Blood-Cleansing in Selected Local Government Areas of Oyo and Ogun States, Southwestern Nigeria

: The role of forests as custodians of plants for alternative medicine cannot be overemphasized and cleansing blood is one of the most important activities in the alternative medicine for achieving optimum wellness. This study examined the socio-economic potentials of blood cleansing plants in selected Local Government Areas of Oyo and Ogun States, Southwestern, Nigeria. A Multistage sampling technique of four stage design was adopted. Data were obtained through questionnaire administered to 150 respondents - herbalists, herb sellers and individuals who had knowledge of plants for medicinal purposes. Data were collected on respondents’ socio-economic characteristics, plants used for blood cleansing and economic costs and returns of blood-cleansing herbs preparation. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and budgetary analysis. The results revealed mean age of respondents in both States as 56 years with well pronounced gender dichotomy of male (70%) and female (30%). Majority had no formal education (69.3%). The study further revealed that 78% of the respondents came into tradomedical activities through family heritage, 18.7% through training while 3.3% combined the two methods. A total of 123 plants species belonging to 57 families were recorded with Fabaceae having the highest number of species. Bark and root with 28.9% each were the plant parts frequently used for blood-cleansing purposes, followed by leaves with 27.2%, twig was the least part used with 1.7%. The benefit-cost ratio of the enterprise was 4:21 while the rate of return on investment was 1.17 indicating a profit of 17kobo on every ₦1 invested.
Learning the Pareto Front with Hypernetworks

objective preference at inference time. We name this learning setup Pareto front learning (PFL). We implement our idea using hypernetwork and evaluated on a large and diverse set of tasks and datasets. Our experiments show signiﬁcant gains in both runtime and performance on all datasets. This novel approach provides the user with the ﬂexibility of selecting the operating point at inference time, and open new possibilities where user preferences can be tuned and changed at deployment.
The railway superstructure monitoring in bratislava tunnel no. 1 – section of ballastless track and its transition areas

The requirements for the quality of the railway track with emphasis on its long service life, low maintenance costs and the required parameters of the track geometry have led railway infrastructure manager on the territory of the Slovak Republic – Zeleznice Slovenskej republiky (ZSR) – to modernize or to realize reconstructions of railway lines on the appropriate track sections with the application of the unconventional construction of the railway superstructure (ballastless track). The Department of Railway Engineering and Track Management currently performs the monitoring of two sections with the application of ballastless track construction. This paper is aimed to the monitoring of the ballastless track section and presents the results obtained so far in one of the monitored sections in the Bratislava tunnel No. 1.
Mutations of the PML tumor suppressor gene in APL

The PML tumor suppressor of APL is essential for a number of pro-apoptotic and growth suppressive pathways as well as for the activity of differentiating agents such as RA. In human APL, the dose of PML is reduced to heterozygosity given that one allele is involved in the chromosomal translocation while the status of the remaining PML allele is unknown. We have therefore screened by single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing analysis, DNA from APL patients for mutations at the PML locus. We identified DNA sequence variations resulting in a truncated PML protein in APL cases that displayed RA resistance and a very poor prognosis. Mutation analysis also led to the identification of aberrant PML sequence variations in other hemopoietic malignancies. Complete functional loss of PML is therefore selected by the APL phenotype and associates with poor prognosis and RA unresponsiveness. The mutations were compared to the PML gene sequence, mRNA NM-033238 and confirmed by bi-directional analysis. Forty-four anonymized DNA samples healthy were analyzed as
Access Control in a Form of Active Queuing Management in Multipurpose Operation Networks

— Internet processes information in the form of distributed digital resources, which have to be available for authorized usage and protected against unauthorized access. The implementation of these requirements is not a simple task because there are many ways for its realization in the modern congested multipurpose operation networks. The problem of access control can be presented as the task of identifying the characteristics of virtual connections by calculating the appropriate access code. The paper considers the aspects of the filtering algorithms that reduce the computational requirements of the access code and the dynamic priority processing of the packets in the buffer firewall.
Radardetected englacial debris in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Structural glaci ‐ geological processes can entrain basal sediment into ice, leading to its transportation and deposition downstream. Sediments potentially rich in essential nutrients, like silica and iron, can thus be transferred from continental sources to the ocean, where deposition could enhance marine primary productivity. However, a lack of data has limited our knowledge of sediment entrainment, transfer, and distribution in Antarctica, until now. We use ice ‐ penetrating radar to examine englacial sediments in the Weddell Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Radargrams reveal englacial re ﬂ ectors on the leeside of nunataks and subglacial highlands, where Mie scattering analysis of the re ﬂ ectors suggests particle sizes consistent with surface moraine sediments. We hypothesize that these sediments are entrained at the thermal boundary between cold and warm ‐ based ice. Conservative estimates of >130 × 10 9 kg of englacial sediment in Horseshoe Valley alone suggest that the ice sheet has signi ﬁ cant entrainment potential unappreciated previously. In this paper ice ‐ penetrating radar is used to detect sediments in the Weddell Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. We identify sediment near the glacial surface, and further down the ice column, along partially buried mountain ranges and bedrock hills beneath the ice. Our conservative estimates reveal >130 million metric tonnes of englacial sediment in a single valley. These sediments are entrained at the ice/bed interface and transported to mountain fronts and the coast by local and regional ice ﬂ ow.
Online Supplement for “Parametric demand learning with limited price explorations in a backlog stochastic inventory system” by

Proof. We verify that our problem satisfies all the conditions in Theorem 36.3 of Borovkov (1998). For the well-separated case, ẑi in Algorithm I, condition 1) is satisfied by Definition 1, condition 4) is satisfied by Assumption 1-i), and conditions 2) and 3) can be justified by Assumption 1-ii) and the compactness of P and Z, the details are referred to Broder and Rusmevichientong (2012) and Chen, Jasin and Duenyas (2018). For the general case of ẑ in Algorithm II, conditions in
Variants in FTO gene are not associated with obesity in a Chinese Han population

Objective. Recently, genome-wide association studies have provided evidence that several common variants within fat mass and obesity associated gene ( FTO ) gene were significantly associated with obesity in populations of European origin. However, their effects in other ethnic populations remain to be elucidated. Research Design and Methods. In this study, we examined the association between three FTO variants (rs8050136, rs9939609 and rs9930506) and obesity and related traits in a population-based study of 3,210 unrelated Chinese Hans from Shanghai and Beijing. In secondary analyses, we also tested for association with type 2 diabetes and related traits. Logistics regression and generalized linear models were used to test for additive and dominant effects of the risk alleles. Results. The minor allele frequencies (MAF) in our population (0.12, 0.11, and 0.20, respectively) were substantially lower than those observed for populations of European descent (e.g. for CEU population of HapMap: 0.45, 0.48, and 0.45, respectively). Despite our study being sufficiently powered to detect effects similar to those previously reported, none of the FTO SNPs were found to be associated with obesity, overweight, BMI, waist circumference and body fat percentage. In addition, none of the SNPs exhibited significant associations with fasting levels of plasma glucose, HbA1c, insulin and β -cell function (estimated as HOMA-B) under either additive or dominant model in the quantitative trait analyses. Analyses stratified by sex or geographical region did not change these observations. Conclusion. Therefore, our data do not support that the FTO common variants are major contributors of obesity or type 2 diabetes in the Chinese Han population.
Revealing Hydrogen States in Carbon Structures by Analyzing the Thermal Desorption Spectra

: An effective methodology for the detailed analysis of thermal desorption spectra (TDS) of hydrogen in carbon structures at micro- and nanoscale was further developed and applied for a number of TDS data of one heating rate, in particular, for graphite materials irradiated with atomic hydrogen. The technique is based on a preliminary description of hydrogen desorption spectra by symmetric Gaussians with their special processing in the approximation of the ﬁrst- and the second-order reactions. As a result, the activation energies and the pre-exponential factors of the rate constants of the hydrogen desorption processes are determined, analyzed and interpreted. Some ﬁnal veriﬁcation of the results was completed using methods of numerical simulation of thermal desorption peaks (non-Gaussians) corresponding to the ﬁrst- and the second-order reactions. The main research ﬁnding of this work is a further reﬁnement and/or disclosure of poorly studied characteristics and physics of various states of hydrogen in microscale graphite structures after irradiation with atomic hydrogen, and comparison with the related results for nanoscale carbon structures. This is important for understanding the behavior and relationship of hydrogen in a number of cases of high energy carbon-based materials and nanomaterials.
Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Duguna Fango District, Southern Ethiopia

Two doses of maternal tetanus toxoid vaccination to pregnant women can reduce much of neonatal tetanus infection. However, low level of this immunization coverage often due to missed opportunities is a problem in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess tetanus toxoid vaccination coverage during pregnancy and associated factors among women in Duguna Fango district, Southern Ethiopia. We conducted a community based survey in April, 2016 involving 462 women. A multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select the study participants. Data was collected by using interviewer administered questionnaire, entered in Epi info version 3.5. 4, and analyzed in SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify predictors after adjusting for potential confounders. We reported Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). About 69.3% women who had child birth in the last one year had two and more tetanus toxoid vaccination. Women who received advice on tetanus toxoid vaccination [AOR=7.15 (CI: 3.29, 15.52)], recent child birth at health facility [AOR=1.87(CI= 1.22, 2.87)], and good knowledge on tetanus toxoid vaccination [AOR=2.45(1.59, 3.75)] were independent predictors for tetanus toxoid vaccination coverage in this study. About 49.4% of children who were born in the last pregnancy were protected from tetanus at birth. Institutional delivery, maternal knowledge and health workers advice on tetanus vaccination were major predictors for tetanus toxoid vaccination coverage among women in their recent pregnancy. Tetanus toxoid vaccination and institutional delivery should be strengthened for women to protect their children at birth against neonatal tetanus.