Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) and herbal supplements on growth performance and nutrient utilisation of broiler chickens

The use of antimicrobial growth promoters in European poultry production will be banned in 2006, which has made it economically viable to investigate the use of other acceptable compounds, such as botanical products. Botanical products have a wide range of known pharmacological effects which could be exploited, for example carvacrol, found in oregano, has antibacterial properties. Six experiments investigated the effects of botanical products on broiler growth performance. Two experiments were carried out to identify potentially useful products from a choice of six (garlic - Allium sativum, horseradish - Amoracia rusticana, juniper - Juniper communis, milk thistle - Silybum marianum, oregano - Origanum vulgare and yarrow - Achillea millefolium). Garlic powder and yarrow supplementation improved FCE (P>0.05) by 12 and 13% relative to controls in the second experiment. Two further experiments were floor-pen studies to examine the effects of both garlic and yarrow on growth performance. No performance benefits were associated with garlic supplementation (P>0.05). Feeding yarrow supplemented diets resulted in improved weight gain (P 0.05) Yarrow contains 'bitter' sesquiterpene compounds (cadinene and germacrene), which may stimulate digestive enzyme production, so the fifth experiment examined the effects of dietary yarrow on digestive enzyme activity and nutrient availability of birds fed control and low nutrient density basal diets. Yarrow supplementation increased intestinal lipase activity and improved diet AME in birds fed high nutrient density diets but not in birds fed low nutrient density diets (yarrow x diet density interaction P<0.05). Therefore, the final experiment examined the interactions between yarrow supplementation and fat source. Yarrow supplementation improved growth performance (P<0.01) of birds fed saturated fat sources with a concomitant increase in gizzard bile acid concentrations (P<0.01), which may indicate increased gastrointestinal reflux.
Renoprotective effect of inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by captopril versus losartan on drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common health problem especially the drug induced AKI is a side or toxic effect during treatment of different medical disorders. The present study was aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by captopril versus losartan on drug induced acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study sixty (60) male albino rats divided into six groups (10 rats/group); control, AKI. AKI+captopril, AKI+losartan, captopril and losartan have been used. GFR (glomerular filteration rate) and SBP (systolic blood pressure) have been measured. For measurement of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), urea, NGAL (Neutrophil gelatinase – associated lipocalin, ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule -1), cystatin-C and creatinine serum samples were collected. Kidney tissues for measurement of tissue of KIM-1 (Kidney injury molecule-1), MDA (malondialdehyde) and renal expression of megalin were removed. Both losartan and captopril attenuated drug induced acute kidney injury (AKI) as revealed from the measured tissue parameters and serum. As compared to losartan, captopril was found to be superior on normalizing KIM-1, megalin and ICAM-1 while as compared to captopril, losartan improved more GFR. In AKI, groups treated with captopril and groups treated with losartan showed no significant difference in such type of measured parameters. Both are used for acute kidney injury and losartan slow the rate of progression of the experimental renal disease as compared to captopril in future case.
Pengaruh Exchange Rate dan GDP Terhadap Ekspor dan Impor Indonesia

The purpose this research is to examine the impact of Exchange Rate and GDP on Indonesia’s Export and Import. Tools analysis is Dynamics Ordinary Least Square (DOLS): Error Correction Model (ECM). The result are: 1. GDP influence positif and significant in short-term and longterm relationship on Indonesia’s impor; 2. Exchange Rate influence positif and significant in short-term and longterm relationship on Indonesia’s impor; 3. GDP influence positif and significant in short-term but negatif and significant in longterm relationship on Indonesia’s export; 4. Exchange rate influence positif and significant in short-term but negatif and significant in longterm relationship on Indonesia’s export. Keywords: error correction model, gdp, exchange rate, impor, ekspor
MANAGEMENT OF PARTHENIUM WEED USING METABOLITES OF Alternaria japonica

A losna-branca (Parthenium hysterophorus) e uma especie invasora nao nativa que infesta varias partes do mundo, incluindo o Paquistao. Diversos herbicidas tem sido recomendados para o controle dessa planta daninha, mas eles apresentam riscos a saude humana e a seguranca ambiental. Neste estudo, o potencial herbicida de filtrados de cultura da especie fungica Alternaria japonica foi avaliado em comparacao a planta daninha losna-branca. A especie fungica foi cultivada em caldo de extrato de malte (CEM) e caldo de dextrose de batata (CDB) por 15 dias. Os filtrados das culturas foram obtidos pela passagem dos materiais atraves de um pano de musselina, seguido por filtracao em papel-filtro e, em seguida, em papel-filtro Millipore. Nos bioensaios em laboratorio, foi observado o efeito dos filtrados original (X) e diluido (1/2X) na germinacao de sementes, bem como o crescimento do sistema radicular e da parte aerea da losna-branca. Em geral, os filtrados da cultura fungica preparados em qualquer um dos meios de cultura gerou reducao significativa na germinacao e no crescimento das mudas de losna-branca. No entanto, os filtrados da cultura preparados em caldo de dextrose de batata apresentaram maior atividade herbicida do que os preparados em caldo de extrato de malte. Foram realizados bioensaios foliares por pulverizacao usando filtrados de cultura de A. japonica preparados em caldo de dextrose de batata. Neste experimento, mudas de losna-branca com uma, duas e tres semanas de idade foram pulverizadas quatro vezes com os filtrados inicial (X) e concentrado (2x) da cultura fungica, com intervalos de quatro dias. Em geral, as mudas de losna-branca com uma semana de idade mostraram alta sensibilidade a aspersao foliar de metabolitos fungicos. O presente estudo concluiu que os filtrados de cultura de A. japonica preparados em caldo de dextrose de batata contem componentes herbicidas potentes para o manejo da losna-branca.
Unveiling the nature of compact object in the LMXB MAXI J1957+032 using Swift-xrt

MAXI J1957+032 is a transient Low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) that underwent four short outbursts in 1.5 years since its discovery in 2015. The nature of the compact object in MAXI J1957+032 is not clear, but it was proposed to be a neutron star based on the short-duration of its outbursts. Here, we report the results obtained after performing spectral analysis using data obtained with the X-ray telescope aboard the Neil Gehrels Swift satellite. When describing the spectrum with an absorbed power law, we found that the spectra softens (the power-law index increases from 1.8 to 2.5) as the luminosity decreases. Near the end of its outbursts the observed value of power-law index (􀀀) is 2.5. To identify the nature of the compact object in this system, we used 􀀀 as a tracer of the spectral evolution with luminosity. We found that for the distance of 4 kpc, our results suggest that the source harbours a neutron star.
Caractérisation physico-chimique des sols en vue de l’amélioration de la productivité du manioc ( Manihot esculenta Crantz ) dans la région de Damara au centre-sud de Centrafrique

La presente etude vise a ameliorer la productivite du manioc ( Manihot esculenta ), aliment de base des centrafricains. Plus specifiquement, il s’agit de (i) caracteriser les proprietes physico-chimiques du sol et (ii) determiner les indicateurs de fertilite des sols etudies. La collecte des donnees a consiste a prelever le sol de la couche 0-20 cm, sur les champs de manioc du site experimental de LaSBAD. Les sols ont ete preleves suivant un dispositif de randomisation, en vue de constituer un echantillon composite de 1 kg par champs. Ils sont seches, tamises et analyses au laboratoire de sol du CIRAD-Montpellier-France. Les resultats analytiques de sol ont ete compares a des valeurs de references. Les sols etudies presentent une texture loameuse et un pH optimal de 5,5, favorable a la culture du manioc, et sont tres pourvus en matiere organique. Le bilan des elements nutritifs revele des carences en calcium et en echangeable. L’analyse en composantes principales a montre une correlation entre les indicateurs de la fertilite des sols. L’utilisation des legumineuses et la fertilisation organo-minerale a une dose adequate sont des solutions envisageables pour ameliorer la productivite du manioc en Centrafrique. Mots cles: indicateur de fertilite, productivite, manioc, propriete physico-chimique, Centrafrique English Title: Characterization physicochemical soils to improve productivity of cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz ) in the region of Damara in south-central of Central African Republic English Abstract The present study is a contribution to the improvement of cassava ( Manihot esculenta ) tubers’ productivity in the Republic of Central Africa. Especially it aims to characterize the physicochemical properties of soil and (ii) assess fertility indicators of soil. Data collection was consisted to sample the soil from horizon 0-20 cm in cassava fields of producers and the agricultural site of the LaSBAD. Soils were sampled randomly to form a composite sample of 1 kg per field. Soil samples were dried, sieved, and analysed within the laboratory of soil of CIRAD in Montpellier-France. The analytical results of soils were compared to reference values. The studied soils are in their surface organic loamy texture and optimal of 5.5 pH suitable for the cultivation of cassava. They are well supplied with organic matter. The nutrient balance showed that the most significant deficiencies include calcium and magnesium exchangeable. The principal component analysis showed a best correlation relationship between indicators of soil fertility. The use of legumes, and fertilization organicmineral at one dose adequate were possible conceivable solutions to improve cassava in Central African Republic. Keywords: Diagnosis of deficiency, soils’ fertility, cassava, savannah, Central African Republic
Records of the callianassid ghost shrimp Lepidophthalmus tridentatus (vonMartens, 1868) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea: Callianassidae) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Examination of samples collected from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, has revealed the common occurrence of the callianassid ghost shrimp Lepidophthalmus tridentatus (von Martens, 1868), although literature records of the species are rather scarce. The specimens examined in this study were collected from Amami-ohshima Island, the Okinawa Islands and the Yaeyama Islands. The species was found to burrow in soft sediments in intertidal to shallow subtidal zones, particularly in estuaries and mangrove areas. A detailed description of the species is provided to show evidence of the identification, as well as diagnostic details not mentioned in previous literature. Some comments on the taxonomy of the genus Lepidophthalmus are also given.
J ul 2 01 6 Anisotropic emission of direct photons and thermal dileptons from Au + Au collisions at √ s NN = 200 GeV with EPOS 3

Electromagnetic probes such as direct photons and dileptons are crucial to study the properties of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in heavy ion collisions. Based on the (3+1)-dimensional event-by-event viscous hydrodynamic model EPOS 3.102, we calculated the anisotropic emission of thermal photons and dileptons in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energy √ sNN = 200 GeV. Thermal emissions from both QGP phase and hadronic gas phase are considered, with AMY rate for photons and Lattice QCD based rates for dileptons in QGP phase. For emission from hadron gas phase, rates based vector meson dominant model are used for both photons and dileptons. Non-thermal contribution to direct photons is calculated with next to leading order QCD. STAR cocktail data are directly used for non-thermal contribution to dileptons. With the same space-time evolution of the collision systems, the two penetrating probes, photons and dileptonsshow some consistency, ie, the emission of both thermal photons and dileptons are underestimated, compared with the transverse momentum spectra of direct photons measured by PHENIX collaboration and the invariant mass spectra of dileptons measured by STAR collaboration, for all centrality classes. With a good constraint of anisotropy of the plasma via the elliptic flow and triangular flow of charged hadrons, the resulted elliptic flow and triangular flow of direct photons agree with PHENIX measurements reasonably well. Thus we made predictions to the flows of thermal dileptons. The elliptic flow of thermal dileptons is predicted larger than the available results from other models, and comparable to the STAR measurement referring to all dileptons (thermal + cocktail) for minimal bias collisions.
Building a 3D Integrated Cell

We present a conditional generative model for learning variation in cell and nuclear morphology and predicting the location of subcellular structures from 3D microscopy images. The model generalizes well to a wide array of structures and allows for a probabilistic interpretation of cell and nuclear morphology and structure localization from fluorescence images. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach by producing and evaluating photo-realistic 3D cell images using the generative model, and show that the conditional nature of the model provides the ability to predict the localization of unobserved structures, given cell and nuclear morphology. We additionally explore the model’s utility in a number of applications, including cellular integration from multiple experiments and exploration of variation in structure localization. Finally, we discuss the model in the context of foundational and contemporary work and suggest forthcoming extensions.
Influence of different levels of calcium, non-phytate phosphorus and phytase on apparent metabolizable energy, nutrient utilization, plasma mineral concentration and digestive enzyme activities of broiler chickens

ABSTRACT The study investigated the effect of different levels of dietary Ca, non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) and phytase on the nutrient utilization of broiler chickens. A total of 576 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were offered diets containing 3 concentrations of Ca (6, 8 or 10 g/kg diet), 2 concentrations of NPP (3 or 4 g/kg) and 2 concentrations of exogenous microbial phytase (0 or 500 FTU/kg). Diets with high Ca (10 g/kg) reduced (p < .001) the ileal digestibilities of P and protein. The digestibility of Ca and P was negatively (p < .001) affected by high Ca and low NPP (3 g/kg) diet supplemented with phytase. Phytase improved (p < .001) the digestibility of protein and P and also the retention of P and Ca. Phytase supplemented to diets containing 8 g Ca/kg improved (p < .030) the tissue protein content of jejunal mucosa, but reduced (p < .009) the Ca-ATPase activity. Supplemental phytase elevated the plasma P level, especially in birds fed diets containing 6 g/kg Ca and 4 g/kg NPP. In conclusion, phytase supplementation of diets reduced the excretion of minerals by improving their digestibilities; however, this response was dependent on the concentration of dietary Ca and NPP.
Role of mouse motor cortex in the behavioral response to unpredictable visual feedback

Movement is the way by which we interact with the world. This often only becomes apparent in case of motor apparatus dysfunction such as in neurological conditions of movement disorders highlighting how seemingly effortless the nervous system performs movement generation. Moreover, many animal species are capable of moving in a stunningly vast array of ways which underscores the requirement for sophisticated degrees of control. Furthering insight into motor control therefore underlies a fascination for the complexity of the nervous system as well as a substantial medical interest. To understand the role of motor cortex, a high-level brain area, in the control of sensory guided movements, I first trained head-fixed mice to navigate a two-dimensional virtual reality environment with occasional perturbations of the expected visual feedback. During learning, I used activity manipulation by optogenetics to understand the involvement of motor cortex in active behavior. Additionally, using activity recording by two-photon calcium imaging in genetically defined projection cell types, I probed for neuronal activity patterns potentially mediating this behavior. I found that motor cortex is a critical brain area for execution of visually guided behavior which mediates the learning of the navigation task. Activity recordings yielded a myriad of neuronal responses correlating with the mouse behavior, often multiplexed within the same cell. Critically, activity patterns during spontaneously executed, expected behavior differed from those during reactive behavior induced by unexpected perturbations of the virtual environment. These differences in neuronal activation could underlie the behavioral effects observed during optogenetic activity manipulations. Finally, I observed cell type-specific, learning-related changes. Notably, presumed motor output mediating cells increased in activation as mice became more efficient at executing the task. I discuss these findings in the context of recent theories of brain function suggesting that the nervous system not only predicts the dynamics of the subject’s environment but also generates movement in reaction to future predicted body states.
Depth-Aware Video Frame Interpolation

Video frame interpolation aims to synthesize nonexistent frames in-between the original frames. While significant advances have been made from the recent deep convolutional neural networks, the quality of interpolation is often reduced due to large object motion or occlusion. In this work, we propose a video frame interpolation method which explicitly detects the occlusion by exploring the depth information. Specifically, we develop a depth-aware flow projection layer to synthesize intermediate flows that preferably sample closer objects than farther ones. In addition, we learn hierarchical features to gather contextual information from neighboring pixels. The proposed model then warps the input frames, depth maps, and contextual features based on the optical flow and local interpolation kernels for synthesizing the output frame. Our model is compact, efficient, and fully differentiable. Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate that the proposed model performs favorably against state-of-the-art frame interpolation methods on a wide variety of datasets. The source code and pre-trained model are available at https://github.com/baowenbo/DAIN.
Physical properties and sensory acceptance of red palm olein-based low-fat ice cream added with guar gum and xanthan gum as stabilizers

Red palm olein (RPOL) is rich in nutritional and antioxidant compounds including carotenoids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols which makes it beneficial in food applications. However, to maintain the colloidal stability of RPOL in ice cream is challenging. Therefore, this study was carried out to formulate value-added ice creams supplemented with RPOL (0.1-5.0% w/w) in combination with guar gum (GG; 0.0-0.4% w/w) or xanthan gum (XG; 0.0-0.4% w/w) as stabilizers. Physical properties and sensory acceptance of these ice creams were determined in comparison with selected commercial ice cream samples (CM-ice creams). Ice cream with 0.1% RPOL and 0.4% guar gum resembled CM-ice creams in terms of viscosity (9.08±0.05 Pa.s.), hardness (3.59±3.12 kg), and amount of melted ice cream/30 min (62.00±2.83%). Meanwhile, ice cream with 0.1% RPOL and 0.4% xanthan gum was similar with CM-ice creams in their viscosity (9.19±0.04 Pa.s.) and hardness (0.60±0.25 kg), yet was relatively lower in the amount of melted ice cream/30 min (33.46±5.06%). All ice creams appeared red and yellow due to the presence of RPOL, and the colour intensity was enhanced with the presence of the stabilizers. The RPOL-based ice creams displayed lower score in sensory properties than those of CM-ice creams, thus highlighted the necessary attributes that need to be improved in future studies.
Synthesis of l-Ribose from d-Ribose by a Stereoconversion through Sequential Lactonization as the Key Transformation

Abstract l-Ribose, a key precursor of various l-nucleosides can only be synthesized from other sugars or other non-sugar precursors. Herein, the study involves the synthesis of naturally rare l-ribose from readily available d-ribose. Though, many synthetic strategies are developed to meet the increasing demands of l-ribose, seeking innovation, a synthesis employing sequential lactonization as the key transformation was explored. This novel conversion involves protection, oxidation, sequential lactonization, reduction with DIBAL-H, and deprotection.
Ion Imprinted Polymer Monoliths as Adsorbent Materials for the Removal of Hg(II) from Real-Time Aqueous Samples

Siti Khadijah Ab. Rahman, Nor Azah Yusof*, Faruq Mohammad*, Abdul Halim Abdullah and Azni Idris Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Institute of Advanced Technology, and Chemical Engineering and Environmental Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 43400 Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
User centered design approaches to measuring canine behavior: tail wagging as a measure of user experience

Animal Computer Interaction (ACI) aims to design user-centered interactions between animals and technology. In this regard, a major challenge for researchers is accurately assessing and interpreting animal behavior, in part, due to the invasive nature of data collection techniques and to the individuality of behavior. This paper presents a method that uses tail wagging, a communicative behavior in dogs used in animal behavior and welfare studies, as a non-invasive parameter used to measure canine user experience (UX). We present findings from a study based on an observational analysis of three mobility assistance dogs' tail wagging behaviors and canine personality scores. The findings show tail wagging is a communicative indicator, that the manner in which the tail is wagged correlates to personality, and that tail wagging provides a baseline to assess canine UX. A tail wagging ethogram was used as an evaluative tool for measuring canine UX during task training.