Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of Turbine Stator Well Rim Seal, Re-Ingestion and Interstage Seal Flows Using Gas Concentration Techniques and Displacement Measurements

Gas turbine engine performance requires effective and reliable internal cooling over the duty cycle of the engine. Life predictions for rotating components subject to the main gas path temperatures are vital. This demands increased precision in the specification of the internal air system flows which provide turbine stator well cooling and sealing. This in turn requires detailed knowledge of the flow rates through rim seals and interstage labyrinth seals. Knowledge of seal movement and clearances at operating temperatures is of great importance when prescribing these flows. A test facility has been developed at the University of Sussex, incorporating a two stage turbine rated at 400 kW with an individual stage pressure ratio of 1.7:1. The mechanical design of the test facility allows internal cooling geometry to be rapidly re-configured, while cooling flow rates of between 0.71 CW, ENT and 1.46 CW, ENT, may be set to allow ingress or egress dominated cavity flows. The main annulus and cavity conditions correspond to in cavity rotational Reynolds numbers of 1.71 × 106 < Reϕ <1.93 × 106. Displacement sensors have been used to establish hot running seal clearances over a range of stator well flow conditions, allowing realistic flow rates to be calculated. Additionally, gas seeding techniques have been developed, where stator well and main annulus flow interactions are evaluated by measuring changes in gas concentration. Experiments have been performed which allow rim seal and re-ingestion flows to be quantified. It will be shown that this work develops the measurement of stator well cooling flows and provides data suitable for the validation of improved thermo-mechanical and CFD codes, beneficial to the engine design process.
A bacterial effector counteracts host autophagy by promoting degradation of an autophagy component

Beyond its role in cellular homeostasis, autophagy plays anti‐ and promicrobial roles in host–microbe interactions, both in animals and plants. One prominent role of antimicrobial autophagy is to degrade intracellular pathogens or microbial molecules, in a process termed xenophagy. Consequently, microbes evolved mechanisms to hijack or modulate autophagy to escape elimination. Although well‐described in animals, the extent to which xenophagy contributes to plant–bacteria interactions remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence that Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) suppresses host autophagy by utilizing type‐III effector XopL. XopL interacts with and degrades the autophagy component SH3P2 via its E3 ligase activity to promote infection. Intriguingly, XopL is targeted for degradation by defense‐related selective autophagy mediated by NBR1/Joka2, revealing a complex antagonistic interplay between XopL and the host autophagy machinery. Our results implicate plant antimicrobial autophagy in the depletion of a bacterial virulence factor and unravel an unprecedented pathogen strategy to counteract defense‐related autophagy in plant–bacteria interactions.
ARareComplication of Fine-NeedleAspiration ofNeck Structures

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a generally accepted tool for safe diagnostic evaluation in the workup of lesions and masses. Aside from the commonly discussed risks of infection and minor bleeding related to skin puncture, other more serious complications have been reported sparingly.We present two cases of pneumothorax from FNA of neck structures, which have been theorized but not previously reported to our knowledge. Discussion of cases of this complication rather than solely a theoretical understanding of it will aid in diagnosis and management of this complication.
Windcatchers in Modern UK Buildings: Experimental Study

Abstract Top down natural ventilation systems, usually referred to as ‘windcatchers’, have been used recently in modern non-domestic buildings in the UK. These systems combine inlet and outlet into a single roof mounted terminal, which is split into sections. Literature exists on theoretical, scale modelling and wind tunnel tests to evaluate the performance of the systems; however there is a scarcity of performance in-use tests. This paper presents the results of air exchange rate tests using the tracer gas decay method carried out in three operational buildings with windcatchers. It was found that air exchange rates are related to wind speed. However, for low wind speeds a correlation was found to internal external temperature difference indicating the effect of buoyancy forces. It was also identified that, during periods when wind and buoyancy pressures are of a similar magnitude, then the determination of the air exchange rate within the space becomes more complex.
Implementation of a Diabetes Rating Scale Can Reduce DMEK Graft Preparation Failure Among Less Experienced Technicians

Results: Of 3,376 donor corneas processed for DMEK following diabetes scale implementation, 24.6% had diabetes. Grafts rated 4-5 with rating known to the technician (i.e. after scale implementation) (n=314) had a GPF rate of 5.4%. Post-hoc analysis of tissues with the same rating but unknown to the technician (n=60) had a GPF rate of 25.0% (P<0.01). For grafts rated 1-3, the GPF rate was 4.6% vs. 3.3% before and after implementation of the scale, respectively (P=0.48). For experienced technicians (>150 tissues processed), no significant difference was seen in GPF rates for diabetic tissue following implementation of the diabetes rating scale (4.6% vs. 3.7%, p=0.70). For inexperienced technicians, however, the GPF rate fell significantly after the scale (15.0% vs. 6.3%, p=0.02).
FEMORAL FRACTURE IN THE ELDERLY: SURGERY WAITING TIME AND HOSPITALIZATION OUTCOME

Objective: To analyze the waiting time for femoral fracturerepair, its associated factors, and the outcome of hospitalization. Method: This is a cross-sectional exploratory study involving an elderly population aged ≥60 years old and admitted to hospital for femoral fracture from 2015 to 2017. Data were collected from physical medical records, with statistical analyses considering p < 0.05 as the level of statistical significance. Results: Of the studied elderly patients, 61.4% are female. Those who stayed for more than seven days waiting for surgery showed association with a hospital stay longer than 10 days, pressure injuries (p<0.001), and death as outcome (p=0.003). The average hospital stay was 13.8 days, and the expected time until surgery was 6.6 days. Waiting for the surgical risk assessment and waiting for a vacancy in the intensive care unit were factors that caused delay in the surgery among 23.2% of the elderly. Conclusion: Waiting for surgery for more than seven days increased the length of hospital stay and the mortality rate. In addition, the absence of intensive care unit beds and waiting for the surgical risk assessment contributed to the delay in the surgery and its outcome.
Development of Concretes with Resistance to High Temperatures in the Czech Republic and Surrounding European Countries

The resistance of concrete constructions to high temperatures at present is a much monitored issue for many scientific teams and experts in the stated area. This fact is mainly caused by fatal consequences originating in the case when concrete constructions are loaded by the effect of fire and consequent loss of their load-bearing capacity, for the population and the environment of our planet, in which we live in. The development of society goes hand in hand with the development of new building materials and as a consequence the requirements for building constructions increase which bring about extraordinary strict regulations in the area of fire safety. So, many high, non-traditional or specific constructions originate, e.g. nuclear power plants due to permanently higher demand for transport linkage and many tunnels have originated between European countries as a result. Unfortunately, in this relation the threat of terrorist attacks increases and unexpected natural disasters which also threaten the stability of the mentioned constructions. The objective of the article is to familiarize readers with the results of research concerning the improvement of the resistance of the concrete to high temperatures originated during fire instances.
FAKE NEWS DETECTION MODEL BASED ON CREDIBILITY MEASUREMENT FOR INDONESIAN ONLINE NEWS

The spread of fake news is a problem faced by all active internet users, especially in Indonesian society. Fake news can have an impact on readers' misperceptions, causing harm to certain individuals or groups so that the Indonesian government issued Law number 19 of 2016 which serves to protect internet users from misinformation from fake news. The research that has been done in detecting fake news in Indonesian is still very much dependent on the results of detection from third parties and the Indonesian government in determining whether a news title is included in fake news or not, but if no similarity is found it will be considered as factual news so that this research proposes a fake news detection model based on the level of credibility of online news headlines. This model has 5 stages, namely: Scrapping Web, Document Similarity, Online News Search, Online News Scoring, and Classification. This research has also tested the use of the K-Means, Support Vector Machine with various kernel, and Multilayer Perceptron methods to obtain optimal classification. The results showed that at the Document Similarity stage an optimal threshold value is needed at 0.6, while the Classification stage determines that the most effective method on the data used is the Multilayer Perceptron with the provisions of Hidden Layer 30,20,10 so that you get a mean accuracy of 0.6 and accuracy maximum of 0.8.
A DESIGN OF MULTI-FUNCTIONAL MOUSE WHEEL AND AN ASSESSMENT OF USER ACCEPTANCE

ABSTRACT Under the trend of software design, the demand of mouse wheel use will increase. In such situation, a single mouse wheel may be insufficient in the future. The primary goal of this research is to implement a new mouse wheel design multi-functional mouse wheel. Through this design, a single mouse wheel can turn into virtually multiple mouse wheels to extend the application of mouse wheel and to enhance the efficiency of software operation. Besides, this research also examined the user acceptance of “multi-functional mouse wheel” based on a technology acceptance model (TAM). The empirical results indicated that users are approve of perceived usefulness and ease of use of multi-functional mouse wheel, and the perception had a positive influence on the user attitude, therefore to affect user intension.
Emergence and development of high-tech activity in three European university locations

This paper describes and compares the genesis and development of high-tech activity in three well-known European university environments, Cambridge in the UK, Grenoble in France and Lund in Sweden. The paper attempts to explain why, despite major differences in initial conditions, these three cases present striking similarities related to the start of science parks and subsequent growth of high-tech activity in the regional areas. In the 1970s Cambridge was a typical British university town with virtually no industry, Grenoble was an industry town with strong applied research centres and Lund was a university town with some industry. Grenoble had well developed relations between industry and academia, while in Cambridge and Lund the relations were few and weak. Despite these differences high-tech activity emerged at similar times in a unique local dynamic environment. The start of science parks played a major role in all three locations for the emergence and subsequent growth of high-tech activity. The paper describes and analyses the similarities and differences in the development paths followed at the three university centers. Finally, current constraints to further development and new dynamics of development are discussed.
Study of genetic architecture for yield related traits in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

The investigation on study of genetic architecture for yield related traits in pearl millet [ Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ] was carried out with an aim to study the combining ability and gene action for yield and yield contributing characters. The combination JMSA 20102 × 42182 R recorded highest magnitude of sca effect followed by JMSA 20071 × 42182 R, ICMA 08444 × GP-5 R, ICMA 03666 × GP-5 R and JMSA 20102 × 30133 R for grain yield per plant. Similarly, the combinations JMSA 20071 × 30133 R (ear head girth), ICMA 08444 × GP-5 R (number of effective tillers per plant), ICMA 05888 × GP-5 R (ear length), ICMA 03666 × 41530 R (test weight), JMSA 20071 × 42182 R (days to flowering, days to maturity), JMSA 20071 × 41530 R (plant height), JMSA 20102 × 42182 R (grain yield per plant, harvest index, protein content and zinc content) and JMSA 20102 × 41530 R (iron content) exhibited highly significant and maximum sca effects for the respective characters. The hybrid JMSA 20102 × 42182 R and ICMA 03666 × GP-5 R showed high per se performance and significant positive specific combining ability effect for grain yield per plant and some other important characters. Thus, these hybrids could commercially be exploited through heterosis breeding programme after testing in multi-location trials.
Coupling Continuous and Discontinuous Descriptions to Model First Body Deformation in Third Body Flows

The present paper proposes an extension of the classical discrete element method used to study third body flows. Based on the concept of the tribological triplet proposed by Godet and Berthier, the aim of this work is to enrich description, by accounting for the deformation of the first body and investigating its influence on third-body rheology. To achieve this, a novel hybrid approach that combines continuous and discontinuous descriptions is used. To illustrate the advantage of such modeling, comparisons with the classical approach, which considers the first body as rigid, are performed in terms of macroscopic friction coefficient and velocity and stress profiles.
Precision agriculture in Australia: present status and recent developments

A brief account of the present status of Precision Agriculture (PA) in Australia is presented, and areas of opportunity in the grains, sugar and wine industries are identified. In particular, these relate to the use of spatially-distributed experimentation to fine-tune management so as to achieve production efficiencies, reduced risk of environmental impact and enhanced food security, and the management of crop quality through selective harvesting and product streaming. The latter may be an important avenue by which farmers can take a more active role in the off-farm part of agricultural value chains. The important role of grower groups in facilitating PA adoption is also discussed.
Agrifood systems and food literacy: Insights from two high schools’ programs in Ontario

Following the increased industrialization and globalization of the prevailing agrifood system, researchers and practitioners have highlighted the detrimental impacts of this model on human health, food security, and the environment. As such, experts and citizens are calling for an increased awareness, through food literacy (FL), to improve health and justice and to transition towards sustainable agrifood systems. Building on field research, critical pedagogy, and existing FL analyses, we argue for incorporating both health and well-being, and agrifood systems dimensions into FL programming. By doing so, FL can contribute to promote individual health, as well as more sustainable agrifood systems policies and practices based on the principles of food sovereignty. Through qualitative research with students and teachers in two Ontario high schools, we explore the content and approaches taken in food-related programming. Aspects of FL among students are also explored in order to highlight their strengths and limitations. Further, we point to the challenges faced by teachers in delivering food-related courses. We propose a conceptual framework that highlights the benefits of including the multiple dimensions of FL as a way to test and improve existing FL programs, and eventually train future generations of teachers, students, and citizens.
Optimal Growth of IPV Lags AMV Modulations by up to a Decade

The Interdecadal Pacific Variability (IPV) has global climate effects but its decadal prediction is a challenge. Here, we use linear inverse models to study the optimal growth of the IPV and reveal important precursor patterns. We find that the optimal growth of the IPV exists in observations due to interference among various sea surface temperature (SST) decadal variations. Small SST anomalies extending from the northeastern subtropical Pacific to the central tropical Pacific, in concert with thermocline dynamics, can develop into a mature phase of the IPV after ∼3 years. Furthermore, the initial SST anomalies lag the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) by up to a decade, suggesting the potential importance of the AMV in IPV decadal predictability. As climate models commonly underestimate the AMV trans‐basin effect, our study calls for more efforts on reducing the model bias to improve IPV decadal prediction.
Incidence of Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) Storage Rot in Latvia

Abstract The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a promising perspective and marketable crop both in Latvia and foreign markets, but an important problem is fruit rot in storage. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of cranberry fruit rot in storage from fruit collected in different locations in Latvia. In 2007-2011, two hundred sound berries (total 1200) were randomly collected by hand along a diagonal from six different cranberry plantations from locations all over Latvia in every year. Berries were kept in plastic polyethylene (PE-LD 04) bags for four months, refrigerated at +7 °C, 83% relative humidity. At the end of each month, berries were evaluated and rotten berries were separated from the sound ones. Over the period of 2007-2011, the optimal time for cranberry storage was two months, when losses due to fruit rot reached up to 18-21%. The incidence of storage rot at the end of storage period after four months (February) reached 50-88%. The hot and rainy summer of 2010 significantly reduced the quality of fruit in storage, and spoilage reached on the average 88% (74-100%) of berries in the plantations. The incidence of fruit rot varied among the surveyed cranberry growing sites. Storage rot is a problem in cranberry samples from all inspected plantations in Latvia and in the future, the incidence of fruit rot is expected to increase, because the greatest part of growers believe that American cranberries can grow in the same way as wild cranberries, without fertilisation and pesticide use Lielogu dzērvenes (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) ir pieprasītas gan Latvijas, gan ārvalstu tirgū, līdz ar to ir iespēja attīstīt lielražošanu, taču lielas problēmas rada ogu puve glabāšanas laikā. Pētījuma mērķis bija noteikt lielogu dzērveņu ogu puves attīstības dinamiku glabāšanas laikā dažādās Latvijas vietās. No 2007. gada līdz 2011. gadam ražas laikā tika ievāktas 200 nebojātas ogas (kopā 1200) randomizēti izvēlētās vietās sešos dažādos lielogu dzērveņu stādījumos Latvijā. Ogas tika uzglabātas plastmasas maisiņos un turētas četrus mēnešus +7 °C vēsā kamerā. Katra mēneša beigās ogas pārlasītas, atšķirojot no veselām puves bojātās. Pētījuma laikā noskaidrots, ka lielogu dzērvenes var uzglabāt tikai vienu līdz divus mēnešus, jo ogu puve šajā laikā jau sasniedza 18-21%. Savukārt līdz februāra beigām puves izplatība jau sasniedza 50-88%. 2010. gada nokrišņiem bagātā vasara būtiski ietekmēja ogu kvalitāti glabāšanas laikā, bet kopumā var novērot tendenci katru gadu ogu puves izplatībai palielināties glabāšanas laikā. No puves bojātām ogām izolēti vairāki patogēni: Fusiccocum putrefaeiens, Coleophoma empetri, Phomopsis vaccinii, Botrytis cinerea, Allantophomopsis cytisporea, Phyllosticta elongata un Physalospora vaccinii, no kuriem galvenokārt izplatīti bija F. putrefaeiens un C. empetri. Novērots, ka apsekotajos lielogu dzērveņu stādījumos atšķīrās ogu puves un to ierosinātāju izplatība glabāšanas laikā un turpmāk tā var sagādāt lielākus zaudējumus, jo ar katru gadu ogu puves izplatība pieaugs.
Naphthenic Acids: Formation, Role in Emulsion Stability, and Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Analytical Methods

Naphthenic acids (NAs) are compounds naturally present in most petroleum sources comprised of complex mixtures with a highly variable composition depending on their origin. Their occurrence in crude oil can cause severe corrosion problems and catalysts deactivation, decreasing oil quality and consequently impacting its productivity and economic value. NAs structures also allow them to behave as surfactants, causing the formation and stabilization of emulsions. In face of the ongoing challenge of treatment of water-in-oil (W/O) or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions in the oil and gas industry, it is important to understand how NAs act in emulsified systems and which acids are present in the interface. Considering that, this review describes the properties of NAs, their role in the formation and stability of oil emulsions, and the modern analytical methods used for the qualitative analysis of such acids.
Correction to Parshall Flume Calibrations at Low Discharges

An inspection of the original study that developed the rating equations for Parshall flumes indicates that the calibration tests were not conducted for as low of flows as currently recommended for their use. An experimental investigation for one flume size indicates that the rating equations significantly overpredict discharge at low flow rates. The discrepancy can be as much as 25% for the range of flows recommended. An alternate rating equation is developed for use with these low flow rates.
Preventing disproportionate collapse

“Disproportionate collapse” is structural collapse disproportionate to the cause; it is often, though not always, progressive, where “progressive collapse” is the collapse of all or a large part of a structure precipitated by damage or failure of a relatively small part of it. There have been many attempts to develop design guidelines and criteria that would reduce or eliminate the susceptibility of buildings to this form of failure. In recent years, the particular focus has been on the prevention of progressive collapse due to deliberate attack. The present study suggests, however, that these guidelines and criteria may be of limited value. Arguably the most important deficiency in the state of the art of design to prevent disproportionate or progressive collapse is uncertainty about the design event: We have the technology now to design for almost anything, but most recent building failures due to explosions and terrorist attacks have involved insults to the building not anticipated in design guidelines.
THE IMPACT OF TAX AUDIT AND CORRUPTION PERCEPTION ON TAX EVASION

This study is aimed to determine the impact of tax audit intensity and perception of corruption on tax evasion activities. Some research that explains the impact of tax audit on tax evasion tends to give a varied result one and another. It is reasonable to assume that there is another factor that simultaneously influences tax evasion. Tax audit and perception of corruption were chosen because of their relevance and intertwine relation in tax authorities function and program, namely tax enforcement and the eradication of corruption. This research is also in line with the challenges faced by many countries in increasing tax compliance. We conduct a panel data regression method with a fixed effect model. We found that tax audit proved insignificant to tax evasion, and perception of corruption positively significant to tax evasion. We conclude that corruption significantly increases tax evasion and undermine the benefit of tax audit