Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections after removal of peripherally inserted central catheters in preterm neonates

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) have become essential for a safe and reliable long term venous access in all neonatal intensive care units (NICU) for providing long term intravenous fluids and medications. However, they associated with central line blood stream infections (CRBSI) infections and it is postulated that this risk is more on during their removal but the true incidence is not known. The objective was to evaluate the incidence and identify risk factors associated with CRBSI following the PICC removal in preterm neonates.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study was done on <37 weeks premature neonates. Data included patient particulars, location of PICC placement, days of PICC, antibiotics and TPN through PICC, infections noted during or within 48 hours of PICC removal.Results: A total of 238 PICC removals in 215 neonates were analysed which did not show a significant difference in the prevalence of CRBSI within 48 hours of PICC removal. However, there was an increase in odds for sepsis following PICC removal in less than 29 weeks gestation and if it was not used for antibiotic infusion for more than 48 hours preceding its removal.Conclusions: This study does not support the use of prophylactic antibiotics during PICC removal in neonates as there was no increase in the incidence of CRBSI following PICC removal. However, they may have a role in very low gestation age, low birth weight infants who have not recently received antibiotics prior to PICC removal.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Latihan Rehabilitasi Jantung terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kemampuan Mobilisasi Dini pada Pasien Congestive Heart Failure (Chf)

Abstract The purpose of this research was to identify the effect of health educati on of cardiac rehabilitation exercise to knowledge and ability of early mobilization in patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). This study used pra-experimental methods with pre and post-test without control. This research was conducted at Flamboyan ward Arifin Achmad Hospital Pekanbaru with 3 0 respondents.This research used purposive sampling technique. Measuring instrument of this research used questionnaire and observation sheet. The analysis used univariate and bivariate with using wilcoxon test. The results showed the effect of health education of cardiac rehabilitation exercise to knowledge with ρ value 0,004 and ability of early mobilization in patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) with ρ value 0,0 00. It is recommend ed to the hospital to include cardiac rehabilitation exercise program so that patients can do early mobilization activities within there capabilities for hospitalized Keywords: Ability, CHF, cardiac rehabilitation exercise, health education, and knowledge Bibliography: 42 (2000-2014)
Early Onset of Obesity and Treatment Outcome in a Behavioral Weight Loss Program

Dr. Robert A. Carels, Advisor The present study examines whether self-efficacy, binge/emotional eating, body image, selfesteem, self-reported difficulties and outcome expectancies mediate the relationship between onset of obesity and percent of body weight lost/change. Forty-four sedentary, obese adults participated in a six-month behavioral weight loss program (BLWP) and six-month maintenance phase. At baseline, early onset of obesity was associated with increased BMI levels. However, early onset was not associated with percent weight lost/change during the treatment or maintenance phases and was not consistently associated with any other psychological or physiological outcome. Findings and methodological limitations are discussed.
STUDY ON ACQUIRED FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ABNORMALITIES IN ADULT BUFFALO SLAUGHTERED IN PARETABAD, HYDERABAD SLAUGHTER HOUSE

The study was conducted to investigate the gross pathological abnormalities of uterus in buffalo slaughtered in Peretabad, Hyderabad slaughter house. Two hundred uteri of adult female buffaloes were randomly collected and examined for gross pathological abnormalities. Out of these, 56.5% were abnormal, 26.0% normal, while 17.5% were pregnant, otherwise they were also normal. The individual pathological lesions observed on the surface of the organ were; cysts 2%, adhesion 28.5% and asymmetry of uterine horns 22%, while gross pathological conditions observed in the lumen of the uteri were endometritis 47%, mucometra 9%, hydrometra 4% and pyometra 3%. The incidence of endometritis was found to be the highest amongst all other abnormalities in buffaloes. It was observed that a large number of buffaloes sent for slaughter were suffering from minor reproductive abnormalities, which were treatable and animals could have been retained for future breeding. The slaughtering of pregnant buffaloes as found in the present study signifies the importance of reproductive health management program, which is lacking in the area under study.
Acute kidney injury as a predictor of poor outcome post cardiopulmonary bypass in children

Background: We objective of the current study was to identify the prevalence of AKI and classify them based on Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) staging system. We also evaluated the outcome of patients developing AKI and identified the associated risk factors. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in pediatric cardiac ICU of a tertiary care hospital. Patient 24 hours and > 72 hours, length of ICU stay > 5 days and in hospital mortality. Conclusions: AKI following cardiac surgery is common. Although majority of the cases are mild disease and self-limiting it can significantly affect the outcome of these patients.
Long-term in vivo biocompatibility of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Over the past two decades, measurements of carbon nanotube toxicity and biodistribution have yielded a wide range of results. Properties such as nanotube type (single-walled vs. multi-walled), purity, length, aggregation state, and functionalization, as well as route of administration, greatly affect both the biocompatibility and biodistribution of carbon nanotubes. These differences suggest that generalizable conclusions may be elusive and that studies must be material- and application-specific. Here, we assess the short- and long-term biodistribution and biocompatibility of a single-chirality DNA-encapsulated single-walled carbon nanotube complex upon intravenous administration that was previously shown to function as an in-vivo reporter of endolysosomal lipid accumulation. Regarding biodistribution and fate, we found bulk specificity to the liver and >90% signal attenuation by 14 days in mice. Using near-infrared hyperspectral microscopy to measure single nanotubes, we found low-level, long-term persistence in organs such as the heart, liver, lung, kidney, and spleen. Measurements of histology, animal weight, complete blood count, and biomarkers of organ function all suggest short- and long-term biocompatibility. This work suggests that carbon nanotubes can be used as preclinical research tools in-vivo without affecting acute or long-term health.
Perceptions Towards Obese Adults and Children Among Senior-level Female Nutrition and Non-nutrition Students

Perceptions Towards Obese Adults and Children Among Senior-level Female Nutrition and Non-nutrition Students Andrea Ann Alicia Starr Advisor University of Guelph, 2014 Dr. John J.M. Dwyer This thesis, guided by a phenomenological approach, utilized mixed-methodology to explore senior-level female undergraduate students’ perceptions towards obesity. Twenty nutrition students (i.e., group of interest) and 20 non-nutrition students (i.e., comparison group) completed questionnaires and a semi-structured interview. Quantitative analysis highlighted similar implicit and explicit weight-bias attitudes among nutrition and non-nutrition students. Qualitative analysis identified similar perceptions towards obesity among both groups. Thematic analysis identified various themes for (a) causes, treatment, and prevention of adult and childhood obesity, (b) material regarding obesity, weight-bias, and fitness in university curriculum, and (c) the influence of education on attitudes towards obesity. The similar attitudes and perceptions towards obesity among both groups of participants suggest that obesity, weight bias, and fitness warrant more coverage in the nutrition curriculum. These findings can be used to address perceptions towards obesity in nutrition curriculum and can help to develop interventions to tackle stereotypes and stigma towards obesity.
Glucose and Lipid Abnormalities in Newly Diagnosed Acromegalic Patients

Abstract Background and Aims. Acromegaly is frequently associated with abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of our study was to analyze the prevalence of glucose and lipid metabolism abnormalities in newly diagnosed acromegaly patients. Material and Methods. This retrospective study included 14 patients (F/M=10/4), mean age 49.5 ± 10.6 years, registered with acromegaly between January and December 2013. In all the cases the values of blood glucose (fasting and during the oral glucose tolerance test), total cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed. The glucose disorders were classified according to the current criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Regarding the lipid metabolism, the cases were classified as having normal cholesterol, normal triglycerides, high cholesterol and high triglycerides. Results. A number of 7 patients (50%) presented abnormalities of glucose metabolism. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (14.3%) was lower compared to that reported by other studies (15.5%- 56%). Abnormalities of lipid metabolism were present in 8 patients (57.2%): high cholesterol was detected in 2 cases and 6 cases presented increased values for both cholesterol and triglycerides. Only 4/14 cases (28.6%) presented normal values for all glucose and lipid metabolisms parameters. Conclusions. Abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolisms are very common in acromegalic patients.
Prevalência de casos de tricomoníase em laudos citopatológicos de um laboratório particular da cidade do Crato- Ceará

Objetivo: o presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de mulheres infectadas pelo protozoário Trichomonas vaginali (T.vaginali) em um laboratório particular da cidade do Crato, Ceará. Metodologia: tratou-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada em um Laboratório particular de Análises Clínicas, localizado na cidade de Crato-CE, cujo grupo de estudo foi todas as mulheres, com idade entre 17 e 87 anos, que realizaram o exame de Papanicolau no período de 2014 a 2016. Resultados: foram quantificados os percentuais de amostras positivas para a tricomoníase e outras patologias correlatas obtendo-se como resultado que entre os anos de 2014 a 2016 foram realizados 28.910 exames citopatológicos, dos quais 2,22 % foram positivos para tricomoníase. Dentre os casos positivos 22,15% apresentaram co-infecção com outros microrganismos,sendo a Gardnerella vaginalis a principal bactéria encontrada, obtendo um total de 80,99% dos casos, Cândida sp com 11,97% dos casos, Leptothrix com 5,63% e Papilomavírus humano (HPV) com 1,41% dos casos. Observou-se que a faixa etária com maior incidência de tricomoníase é entre 26 a 45 anos, com um percentual de 65,21%, sendo possível notar a alta prevalência de tricomoníase na população feminina. Conclusão: os resultados foram apresentados a Secretaria de Saúde da cidade de Crato – Ceará com o intuito de alertar os profissionais de saúde com relação ao número de casos, incentivando a periodicidade do exame de Papanicolau e outros exames voltados ao diagnóstico dessa patologia, além de uma atenção especial ao tratamento das mulheres já infectadas.
Effect of caffeine intake on blood pressure and heart rate variability after a single bout of aerobic exercise : original research article

Background: The consumption of a dose of caffeine (CAF) may attenuate post-exercise hypotension. Research question: The purpose was to verify the effect of a dose of CAF on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) after a session of aerobic exercise in normotensive individuals. Type of study: Randomized controlled study. Methods: Ten healthy, physically active men (24.4 ± 4.5yrs; 74.3 ± 11.8kg; 172.8 ± 8.6m; 36.8 ± 5.7ml.kg-1.min-1) were randomly submitted to two experimental protocols in distinct days, in a cross-over double-blind design, with the ingestion of 4mg.kg-1of CAF or placebo and performance of an aerobic exercise in a cycle ergometer at 60% VO2peak. SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and HRV components were assessed at the pre-exercise rest period, 60 min after substance ingestion and during 60min post-exercise. Results: At the post-ingestion period, there were reductions on basal HR on both sessions and mean rises of 5mmHg on SBP, of 7-8mmHg on DBP and of 6-7mmHg on MAP on the caffeine session. After exercise, there were reductions of 5-7mmHg on SBP, significant on the 30th and 40th min, on the placebo session. During the caffeine session, maintenance of raised HR levels, no difference in relation to the pre-exercise period for SBP and MAP, and higher blood pressure compared to the placebo session. HRV was altered in each session; however there were no differences between the experimental sessions. Conclusion: The ingestion of a 4mg.kg-1dose of CAF apparently does not significantly interfere on the cardiovascular behaviour after a session of aerobic exercise.
Bioresorbable scaffolds: History and current knowledge

In recent years, the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease has achieved rapid development. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become the first choice of treatment for patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease. Over the last decade, drug-eluting stents (DESs) have remarkably reduced restenosis and the need for iterance after implantation of metallic stents. However, the implanted permanent metallic endovascular devices in the coronary artery to reestablish the patency of a stenotic artery have inherited pitfalls, including vascular inflammation, restenosis, and stent thrombosis. Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRSs) exhibit a new approach in coronary stent technology. In contrast to DESs, they offer transient scaffolding, thereby safeguarding acute gain and early vessel patency. The aim of this review is to describe the history and provide an update on the status of BRS, present the evidence from the clinical evaluation of BRS, and discuss this innovative technology and prospects for improved interventional cardiology.
Innovation and adaptation in advocacy organizations throughout the digital eras

ABSTRACT This special issue explores how digitally-native advocacy organizations evolve and whether they influence the organizational norms of other NGOs and advocacy groups. The volume offers three contributions to the literature on digital advocacy groups. Firstly, we argue that different periods of ‘internet time’ influence the tactics, strategies, and structural form of political organizations. Secondly, we examine different ways that organizations empower members and/or the broader public to make decisions using digital technology. Thirdly, we trace the diffusion of digital engagement practices, as well as how legacy advocacy groups have adapted these practices. Finally, we provide an agenda for future research. Specifically, research is needed on changes in digital organizing in Africa, Asia, and Latin Amerca, and center-right and far-right advocacy organizations. Further work is also necessary to identify the conditions that lead to innovation in digital advocacy.
Influence of Relative Humidity on Germination and Metal Accumulation in Vigna radiata Exposed to Metal-based Nanoparticles

The effect of single (0.1, 1, and 10 mg L−1) and binary mixtures (0.1 + 0.1, 1 + 1, and 10 + 10 mg L−1) of metal-based nanoparticles (CdO and CuO) on the germination of Vigna radiata was studied under two humidity ranges (70% and 80%). Filter paper-based tests were conducted. The surface-sterilized seeds were exposed to CdO and CuO under controlled environmental conditions (70% and 80% humidity at 35 °C). Germination rates were scored after 24 h and 48 h. The accumulation of metals was tested in seedlings after 48 h using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Compared with 70% humidity, the germination rate was higher under 80% humidity in all tested conditions. The germination rate of the CdO + CuO treatment was less than that of the single metal exposure under both humidities (70% and 80%) at 48 h. By two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), we found that germination was greatly influenced by humidity. The accumulation of metal was higher in the CuO test than in the CdO test. Metal accumulation was concentration and humidity dependent, except for Cd accumulation in the CdO + CuO treatment. Here we show that the germination of seeds depends on the humidity and concentration of metal oxide nanoparticles. Understanding these strategies in seeds might help to avoid environmental and chemical stress and improve crop yield.
Vertical Divergence of Cultivable Microfungal Communities Through Biocrusted and Bare Soil Profiles at the Tabernas Desert, Spain

Abstract We examined the depth-wise distribution of microfungi through 0–30 cm soil profiles under different surface types—cyanobacterial crusts, three lichen-dominated crusts, and non-crusted bare surface located at the north-oriented slope and sun-exposed plain at the Tabernas Desert, Spain. A total of 116 species from 60 genera was isolated using the soil dilution plate method. High ultraviolet and solar radiation, high temperatures and desiccation caused the dominance of species with the protective dark pigmentation and partly with the protective many-celled spore morphology in the majority of uppermost communities. At the same time, deeper layers were mostly inhabited by light-colored fungi producing a high amount of small thin-walled spores—thermotolerant Aspergillus spp. (at the depth of 1–5 cm) and mesophilic Penicillium spp. (at the depth of 10–20-cm, with the increase much more pronounced in the north-oriented profiles). Limited water infiltration in the fine-grained Tabernas soil causing the deposition of spores of aspergilli and penicillii at the depth of 1–10 cm most likely led to the substantial increase of isolate densities at these depths. Among environmental aspects, soil depth most strongly governed the microfungal communities, highly significantly influencing all their characteristics; meanwhile, habitat position and surface type significantly affected only the communities’ composition.
Scaling Up Nutrition in the Arab Republic of Egypt: Investing in a Healthy Future

Malnutrition is a huge burden on the Arab Republic of Egypt's economy. Undernutrition manifested by poor linear growth (stunting), wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies in children, and by anemia among women of reproductive age collectively saps an estimated two percent of Egypt’s annual gross domestic product (GDP) through forgone productivity and health care costs, representing an economic hemorrhaging of billions of U.S. dollars per year. Adding to this challenge is the co-occurence of overweight and obesity among children, leading to a malnutrition double burden. Scaling up Nutrition in the Arab Republic of Egypt aims to inform the development of a nutrition policy and strategy and to guide nutrition investments over the coming years. It reviews Egypt’s nutrition situation, the interventions currently in place, and opportunities to scale up the response. In addition, it analyzes the fiscal implications of scaling up key interventions, including estimates of the costs and benefits and an assessment of the required fiscal space. It argues that any interventions to address the burden of malnutrition need to also take into account the coexistence of overweight and obesity.
EFFECT OF PHOTOTHERAPY ON HYPOCALCEMIA

Jaundice is the most common and important abnormal physical problem in the first week of life. Due to immaturity of the bilirubin metabolism approximately 60% of term new borns and 80% of preterms(1) develop jaundice in the first week of life which may require phototherapy. The commonly known side effects of phototherapy are loose stools, hyperthermia, dehydration fluid loss, skin burn, photoretinitis, low platelet count, increased red cell osmotic fragility, bronze baby syndrome, riboflavin deficiency and DNA damage. (1,2) A lesser known side effect, but potential complication of phototherapy is hypocalcemia. (3) An observational study was done in department of pediatrics, Kempegowda institute of medical sciences, Bangalore during the period December-2014 and January 2015. All the terms and preterms requiring photo therapy were enrolled in the study. Duration of phototheraphy was ranging from 24 to 48 hours. Serum calcium was measured pre and post phototherapy 80% of babies developed hypocalcemia following phototherapy and also noticed that longer the duration of phototherapy more severe the hypocalcemia.
An analysis of the level of knowledge about diabetes among pregnant women

Background. Diabetes in pregnancy is a condition which includes pre-pregnancy diabetes in women already suffering from diabetes who become pregnant, and hyperglycaemia first diagnosed during pregnancy, defined as a disorder of carbohydrate tolerance resulting in increased blood glucose concentrations, which were first diagnosed in pregnant healthy women. women’s knowledge about the disease and the practical use of this knowledge play an important role in the healing process. Objectives. The assessment of the state of knowledge about diabetes in pregnant women diagnosed with hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. Material and methods. The study involved 127 pregnant women with hyperglycemia which was first diagnosed during pregnancy. The median age of the subjects was 32.1 (19–45). a diagnostic survey was a research method. a self-prepared survey questionnaire was the research tool. The results were statistically analyzed. Results. The surveyed women assessed their knowledge about gestational diabetes as good and very good. The study showed, however, very poor knowledge about the clinical signs of diabetes among the subjects. The most frequently cited risk factors for gestational diabetes include: the presence of diabetes in one’s family, overweight states or obesity, and diabetes in previous pregnancy. The internet was the main source of knowledge about diabetes among the subjects. Conclusions. 1. The level of knowledge in women about gestational diabetes is insufficient. 2. There is a need to extend educational activities related to the symptoms of diabetes and the principles of its prevention among pregnant women. 3. The participation of general practitioners in the education of women about diabetes in pregnancy is insufficient.