Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BLOOMS OF Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum AND ROCK OYSTER TOXICITY IN COSTA CHICA, GUERRERO, MEXICO

Blooms of Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum were detected from July to December 2010 in Costa Chica, Guerrero. To estimate the cell abundance of this dinoflagellate, phytoplankton samples were collected from 7 July to 9 December 2010 at five sampling sites. Wild rock oysters and specimens from fishing cooperatives were only collected during November-December 2010. Abundance of P. bahamense var. compres- sum ranged from < 1000 to 194000 cells L-1 in the first three samplings performed in July. Low densities (< 9000 cells L-1) were observed at the end of November and December. Rock oyster toxicity from the fishing areas ranged from 46.24 to 788.85 μg STXeq 100 g-1. Rock oyster samples collected in the fishing cooperatives had toxicity from 52.2 to 440.88 μg STXeq 100 g-1. Although rock oysters were collected at the end of the blooms, their toxicity could be associated to this dinoflagellate both during this period and during previous blooms that occurred from on July-August in the study area.
Ergonomics Evaluation of Control Room Operators in Selected Oil and Gas Installations in Delta and Rivers States

: This study evaluated ergonomic hazards faced by control room workers in selected oil and gas establishments in Delta and Rivers states. The study focused on data collected from 110 operators in control rooms using a self-administered questionnaire. Data gathered from the study were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The results showed considerable work station ergonomic deficiencies which included lack of rest breaks, absence of display screen antiglare, lack of foot rest, uncomfortable cold control room temperature and poor workplace ergonomic practices. The study also showed that the ergonomics deficiencies had serious health implications on control room workers as there seems to be a prevalent health hazard called computer vision syndrome (CVS). The results from the study confirmed that poor work station ergonomics impacted negatively on the wellbeing of operators in the control room. The result of the study established prevalence of CVS among control room operators in the sampled area and identified substantial work station ergonomic lapses such as lack of intermitted work breaks, display screen glare, cold working environment, poor ergonomic practices as ergonomic risk factors for CVS. The study recommends some basic ergonomic modifications in the design of oil and gas control rooms, also operators of control rooms should engage in intermitted rest breaks to reduce work-related symptoms such as eye strain, back pain, headache, and physical discomfort. Lastly, operators of control room should be trained periodically on ergonomic awareness and supervised on compliance to ergonomic work practices.
An Overview of Earnings Management Detection Approaches

Earnings management could be considered as a matter ofserious concernby the financial accounting literature. Several approaches for detecting earnings management have been provided by the previous studies. This study aimsto review the different approaches used to identify earnings management and makes a critical evaluation on the weaknesses and strengths of these methods. Despite the fact that accrual-based earnings management is the most widely used approach for detecting earnings management, it has a number of drawbacks. We have attempted to shed more light on the strengths and drawbacks that should be considered when identifying earnings management behaviour.
The prodelta environment of a fjord: suspended particle dynamics

The dynamics of suspended particles within a fjord's estuarine circulation are investigated and the results compared with larger non-enclosed prodelta environments. In the upper prodelta, the seaward-flowing river plume flows over the ambient marine water depositing much of the initial riverine suspended load. Sedimentation is dominated by coarse silt and fine-grained sand particles with coarseness determined by the tidal and fluvial stage. Particles less than 10 μn have similar settling velocities regardless of size because they settle in flocs: the settling velocity at a water depth of 5 m is 30 m day-1 and increases with depth so that at 30 m the particles settle at 100 m day-1. For larger particles, the downward settling velocity enhancement due to flocculation decreases with increasing grain size. Hydraulic sorting allows the preferential settling of feldspar and quartz over mica. Particle dynamics in the lower prodelta are dependent on the character of the freshwater wedge that thins seaward of the upper prodelta. The vertical flux of particles is controlled by biogeochemical interactions such as pelletization of fine particles and flocculation (which occurs within rather than below the surface layer in contrast to the upper prodelta). The pellets are produced by indiscriminate filter feeding zooplankton. Across the lower prodelta the suspensate character, recognized in the composition of both flocs and pellets, changes from a dominance of mineral grains to that of autochthonous organic matter. The interaction of bacteria with the suspended particles increases with depth and seaward distance. At depth, the mucoid filaments form stable interconnecting webs. Particle concentration in the surface layer decreases at a rate proportional to the negative one-half and three-halves power of the distance seaward over the upper and lower prodelta, respectively. This relationship is hypothesized as being universal for large marine deltas dominated by buoyancy flow dynamics, regardless of the levels of initial riverine particle concentration or their composition.
Corn Processing Co-Products Manual CORN PROCESSING CO-PRODUCTS MANUAL A REVIEW OF CURRENT RESEARCH ON DISTILLERS GRAINS AND CORN GLUTEN

Brought to you by Nebraska corn producers through their corn checkoff dollars— expanding demand for Nebraska corn and value-added products. INTRODUCTION Across the United States, ethanol production continues to expand with monthly production records being set.With the continued expansion in production, co-products have emerged as excellent feed sources for livestock. For purposes of this manual, co-products is defined as the feed product that remains following the wet mill or dry mill process. Research by various institutions and private companies continues to look at the characteristics and usages of co-products.This manual will provide you with an overview of research that has been completed, as well as a quick futuristic view of what may still need to be completed to help answer additional questions. The production of ethanol is broken down into two main processes, the wet mill and dry mill. Each process produces different co-products. The wet mill process starts with the corn kernel being soaked to soften the kernel.This is done to facilitate the separation of the various component parts, prior to it being processed into ethanol. From this wet mill process comes two feed co-products in corn gluten feed and corn gluten meal. Shown below is a flow chart for the wet mill process. In the dry mill process, the entire corn kernel is ground into a meal and then fermented into alcohol. From this process, one of the co-products is distillers wet grains, which can be dried. Shown below is a flow chart for the dry mill process. On page 28 you will find definitions for the terms that are used in the research reviews of this manual. We hope that you find this manual to be a valuable source of information on the usage and characteristics of the various co-products. Thanks to Dr.
Sediment Geochemistry and Climatic Influences in a River Influenced by Former Mining Activities: the Case of Ribeira de Iguape River, SP-PR, Brazil

The Ribeira de Iguape River (RIR) was historically contaminated by residues from mining activities. These activities ceased in the late 1990’s, but the residues remained deposited along the river banks. This study aimed to evaluate the sediment characteristics of the RIR in different hydro-meteorological conditions and detect eventual changes in the geochemistry. Three sampling surveys were conducted, in which sediments were collected in 6 sites, and then analyzed for sediment textures and metals concentrations. Sediments were predominantly sandy, and samples collected downstream to the mining areas tended to be enriched by metals, especially Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. Concentrations of metals in sediments tended to be higher after rainstorm episodes, evidencing the pollution sources are not totally controlled and that the stormwater runoff may carry metals to the RIR.
Analysis of Technical and Vocational Education Training Institute Learners’ English Language Skills Needs and the Instructional Modes Employed: Academic and Career Contexts

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the level of importance of the four English language macro skills needed by the undergraduate trainees at the Ethiopian Federal Technical and Vocational Education Training Institute. It also aimed to assess whether or not the instructional modes the trainers employed in teaching English suits the needs of trainees’ specific academic fields. The study employed descriptive design and two data collection tools, namely close-ended questionnaire and semi-structured interview. By using simple random sampling technique, 80 trainees among second and third year trainees were selected and four Communicative English Language Skills course teachers took part. Moreover, 30 former graduates and 30 major course trainers were included using simple random sampling technique. The data collected through the questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively using SPSS version 20 and qualitative data was analyzed using thematic approach. The study showed that receptive skills were slightly found to be more important than productive skills in academic contexts. Specifically, though all macro skills are important, reading becomes the most needed skill by the trainees in both academic and occupational contexts. The study also revealed that there is a mismatch among the prescribed instructional approach, trainees’ preferred learning modes and instructional modes employed by the English trainers in the Federal TVET Institute (FTI).
Nanoconfined Water in Pillared Zeolites Probed by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Here, we report the results of our 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of the dynamics of water molecules confined in zeolites (mordenite and ZSM-5 structures) with hierarchical porosity (micropores in zeolite lamella and mesopores formed by amorphous SiO2 in the inter-lamellar space). 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra show that water experiences complex behavior within the temperature range from 173 to 298 K. The temperature dependence of 1H spin-lattice relaxation evidences the presence of three processes with different activation energies: freezing (about 30 kJ/mol), fast rotation (about 10 kJ/mol), and translational motion of water molecules (23.6 and 26.0 kJ/mol for pillared mordenite and ZSM-5, respectively). For translational motion, the activation energy is markedly lower than for water in mesoporous silica or zeolites with similar mesopore size but with disordered secondary porosity. This indicates that the process of water diffusion in zeolites with hierarchical porosity is governed not only by the presence of mesopores, but also by the mutual arrangement of meso- and micropores. The translational motion of water molecules is determined mainly by zeolite micropores.
Assessment of viability, quality and deterioration in stored groundnut seeds

In India, particularly in Karnataka, more land is now being used for the cultivation of groundnut seeds. Seeds of ggroundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) are inherently less viable because of high oil content and more hygroscopic. Additionally, storing groundnut seeds in poor or unfavourable environmental conditions causes a major issue known as seed degradation or deterioration, which is characterised by a loss of viability, vigour and quality of the seed. As a result, there is a considerable demand in the supply for high quality groundnut seeds. The literature on groundnut seed viability, quality, deterioration and improvements under storage has therefore been examined in this article. The studies concluded that groundnut seeds viability and vigour may be preserved for more than a year under proper storage materials and conditions.
Exponential data ﬁtting

In this initial chapter we consider some of the basic methods used in the ﬁtting of data by real and complex linear combinations of exponentials. We have selected the classes of methods that are most frequently used in many diﬀerent ﬁelds: variable projections for solving this separable nonlinear least squares problem, derivatives and variants of Prony’s method, which rely on evenly sampled data and take special advantage of the particular form of the approximation and ﬁnally the matrix-pencil method. We also have implemented some of these techniques and compared them in a few examples to support some comments on their advantages and disadvantages and exem-plify their performance in terms of computing time and robustness, specially considering that this is a notoriously ill-conditioned problem in many cases.
238U-230Th-226Ra disequilibria constraints on the magmatic evolution of the cumbre vieja volcanics on la palma, Canary Islands

A suite of 48 samples, including both historical and prehistoric lavas and some plutonic rocks, have been analysed from the Cumbre Vieja rift, La Palma, Canary Islands. Additionally, mineral–melt partition coefficients have been measured for clinopyroxene, plagioclase, amphibole, titanite and apatite in selected rocks. The lavas range from basanite to phonolite (SiO2 = 41·2–57·5 wt % and MgO = 10–0·8 wt %) in composition and form coherent, curvilinear major and trace element arrays in variation diagrams, irrespective of eruption age. The mafic lavas have typical ocean island incompatible trace element patterns and Sr, Nd and Pb isotope compositions show little variation but have a HIMU-type character. Generation of the parental magmas is inferred to have involved ∼4% dynamic melting of a garnet lherzolite source that may have previously been metasomatized by melts derived from a recycled mafic component containing residual phlogopite. The major process of differentiation to phonotephrite involved fractional crystallization of basanitic magmas that evolved along the same liquid line of descent under similar pressure–temperature conditions. Numerical simulations using the MELTS algorithm suggest that this occurred across a temperature interval from c. 1320 to 950°C at 400 MPa and an oxygen fugacity equivalent to quartz–fayalite–magnetite (QFM), with an initial H2O content of 0·3 wt %. The later stages of differentiation (<5 wt % MgO) were dominated by mixing with partial melts of young syenites formed from earlier magma batches. All of the lavas are characterized by 230Th and 226Ra excesses and (230Th/238U) decreases with decreasing Nb/U and increasing SiO2, with no accompanying change in (226Ra/230Th). To explain the observations, we propose a model in which there was a significant role for amphibole, and more importantly accessory titanite, in decre'asing Nb/U, Ce/Pb and Th/U ratios and increasing or buffering (226Ra/230Th) ratios during the later stages of differentiation and magma mixing. These processes all occurred over a few millennia in small magma batches that were repeatedly emplaced within the mid-crust of the Cumbre Vieja rift system prior to rapid transport to the surface.
SGX-Step: An Open-Source Framework for Precise Dissection and Practical Exploitation of Intel SGX Enclaves

This short paper presents insights from our experience in maintaining SGX-Step, an open-source attack framework designed to facilitate vulnerability research on Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX) enclave technology. At a high level, SGX-Step enables precise “single-stepping” of hardware-isolated victim enclaves without native debugging capabilities. By strategically triggering page faults and timer interrupts, SGX-Step can seamlessly interleave arbitrary attacker code at a maximal temporal resolution, i.e., after every individual victim instruction. Since its original release in 2017, SGX-Step has been widely utilized in over 38 academic papers, driving an ongoing line of high-resolution, interrupt-driven enclave side-channel attacks. Its impact also extends beyond Intel SGX, directly inspiring similar tools for alternative hardware enclave technologies and even finding applications in non-enclave settings. From a defensive perspective, SGX-Step has permanently refined the trusted-execution threat model and guided recent defensive works that now properly account for single-stepping adversaries. Highlighting its continued relevance, SGX-Step has prompted recent architectural extensions to Intel SGX’s hardware specification, introducing interrupt-awareness for enclaves to enable the development of principled mitigations against interrupt-driven attacks in software. A first such mitigation that thwarts deterministic single-stepping has already been included in the Intel SGX-SDK.
INFLUENCE OF BACKTRACKING AT SOLAR-TRACKING PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANTS FOR GENERATION AND PROTECTION

Photovoltaic plants appear as an option for a more environmentally friendly centralized generation. Solar-tracking is used for efficiency gain presenting better performance than fixed tilted plants. However, the system suffers generation and protection problems without the use of backtracking algorithms. Shading conditions can prejudice the energy generation and cause diode failure. This paper studies the influence of backtracking for protection and generation. For protection, it is shown that the bypass diode takes time to activate, generating hotspots. For efficiency, the production and plant size gains are highlighted.
Historical reconstruction of organic carbon inputs to the East China Sea inner shelf: Implications for anthropogenic activities and regional climate variability

A gravity core collected from the East China Sea (ECS) inner shelf was analyzed for elemental and stable isotopic composition, lignin-phenols, and sedimentary pigments to investigate changes of organic carbon (OC) inputs during the past two centuries. In particular, we examined the linkages between terrestrial and marine OC inputs with climate variability and anthropogenic activities. The decrease of terrestrial OC contribution (from 41% to 28%) and increasing diagenetic indices of lignin-phenols (P/(S + V): from 0.12 to 0.22; 3,5-Bd/V: from 0.03 to 0.09) after the 1970s were possibly attributed to intensified deforestation, dam construction, and channel erosion. Lignin content (Λ8) ranged from 0.35 mg/100 mg OC to 6.92 mg/100 mg OC, with lower values corresponding to the worst flooding events in the Changjiang watershed and weaker East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM), while higher Λ8 was more correlated to the strengthening of EAWM. This indicates that terrestrial inputs to Zhe-Min Coast are different from those in Changjiang Estuary during flooding events and strongly linked with regional climate variability. The total contents of sedimentary chloropigments (i.e. pheophorbide-a, pheophytin-a, pyropheophytin-a, sterol chlorin esters, and carotenol chlorin esters) ranged from 663.4 to 74.9 nmol g−1 OC, and decreased exponentially downwards. Sedimentary chloropigments that were used to document historical change of phytoplankton biomass were decoupled with historical changes of Changjiang riverine nutrient inputs but corresponded well to the fluctuation of regional climate variability. Higher phytoplankton biomasses usually were observed during positive phases of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and/or warm El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, and lower algal biomass usually corresponded to the negative phase of PDO and/or cold ENSO events.
The Relationship between Calorie Labeling, Weight Concern, and Weight Perception among Females in Saudi Arabia

The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) initiative by determining whether participants' food selection behavior has changed since calorie information has been listed on restaurant menus, as well as to look into the relationships be-tween calorie information on restaurant menus, body weight, and weight perception in Saudi Ara-bian women. To carry out a quasi-experimental design, this study used a convenience sample of 333 undergraduate female students with an average age of 20.38±1.77 years. The control group (non-calorie listed menu169, 50.7 %) and the experimental group (calorie listed menu169, 50.7 %) were divided into two groups based on the type of menu used (calorie listed menu164, 49.3 % ). When compared to the control group's mean calorie intake, the experimental group's mean calorie consumption reduced by 59 calories, showing a significant difference between the two groups. The presence of calories impacts a greater number of people in the experimental group (64.6%), who have a significantly higher mean weight concern (7.94±3.13) and mean behavioral intention (11.82±4.65) than the control group. Participants in the experimental group who were classed as obese or overweight had the highest level of weight perception and concern, despite significant changes in calorie consumption. In adults, calorie counting has a considerable influence on calorie reduction and weight maintenance. This effort is a useful, low-cost, and easy-to-understand tool, as well as a great place to start for people and communities interested in obesity prevention and reduction.
UNDERSTANDING STUDENT-ATHLETES’ SPORT MOTIVATION: IMPACT OF SCHOLARSHIPS, PERCEIVED COACHING BEHAVIORS, AND CLASS RANK

Despite motivation often being overlooked at the highest sporting level, it is this ability to initiate and persist at a task that is the foundation of athletic accomplishment (Psychology Today, 2009). According to Self-Determination Theory (SDT), our motivation falls along this continuum ranging from amotivation to intrinsic motivation. This study examines motivation among a sample of division one student-athletes from the University of Arizona, and specifically looks at whether scholarship status/type, class rank, or perceptions of coach’s leadership behaviors impact one’s motivation. I found that overall student-athletes were more extrinsically motivated, there were no statistically significant differences in motivation based on scholarship status/type or class rank, but that a coach’s autocratic leadership behavior significantly predicted external motivation, and training and instruction, autocratic behavior, and social support were all significant predictors of amotivation. These findings suggest that the way in which a coach instructs their athletes is important in determining the athlete’s motivation. This study could be expanded across different colleges across the country, across a larger variety of sports, and even into the professional sporting environment.