Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flow rate perturbations in a black smoker hydrothermal vent in response to a mid‐ocean ridge earthquake swarm

Although there is indirect evidence for strong connections between tectonic processes and mid‐ocean ridge hydrothermal flow, there are no direct observations of these links, primarily because measuring flow in these systems is difficult. Here we use an optical analysis technique to obtain a 44 day record of flow rate changes in a black smoker vent in the Main Endeavour field of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. We show that variations in the flow rate coincide with an earthquake swarm observed using an ocean bottom seismometer array. These observations indicate that connections between tectonics and flow are indeed strong, that hydraulic connections within this hydrothermal system are long ranging, and that enhanced tidal pumping of fluids may be initiated by earthquake activity. Because the effects of the swarm cross over an intervening vent field, we infer that the upflow zones feeding this field are narrow. Using the time lag between the swarm onset and the flow rate changes we estimate that the bulk permeability of the crust on the Endeavour segment ranges from 3.0 × 10−13 m2 to 6.0 × 10−12 m2.
A multiple-time-scale comparative study for the added value of magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics in predicting pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer

Objective Radiomics based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows potential for prediction of therapeutic effect to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC); however, thorough comparison between radiomics and traditional models is deficient. We aimed to construct multiple-time-scale (pretreatment, posttreatment, and combined) radiomic models to predict pathological complete response (pCR) and compare their utility to those of traditional clinical models. Methods In this research, 165 LARC patients undergoing nCRT followed by surgery were enrolled retrospectively, which were divided into training and testing sets in the ratio of 7:3. Morphological features on pre- and posttreatment MRI, coupled with clinical data, were evaluated by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis for constructing clinical models. Radiomic parameters were derived from pre- and posttreatment T2- and diffusion-weighted images to develop the radiomic signatures. The clinical-radiomics models were then generated. All the models were developed in the training set and then tested in the testing set, the performance of which was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Radiomic models were compared with the clinical models with the DeLong test. Results One hundred and sixty-five patients (median age, 55 years; age interquartile range, 47–62 years; 116 males) were enrolled in the study. The pretreatment maximum tumor length, posttreatment maximum tumor length, and magnetic resonance tumor regression grade were selected as independent predictors for pCR in the clinical models. In the testing set, the pre- and posttreatment and combined clinical models generated AUCs of 0.625, 0.842, and 0.842 for predicting pCR, respectively. The MRI-based radiomic models performed reasonably well in predicting pCR, but neither the pure radiomic signatures (AUCs, 0.734, 0.817, and 0.801 for the pre- and posttreatment and combined radiomic signatures, respectively) nor the clinical-radiomics models (AUCs, 0.734, 0.860, and 0.801 for the pre- and posttreatment and combined clinical-radiomics models, respectively) showed significant added value compared with the clinical models (all P > 0.05). Conclusion The MRI-based radiomic models exhibited no definite added value compared with the clinical models for predicting pCR in LARC. Radiomic models can serve as ancillary tools for tailoring adequate treatment strategies.
Multiply Relapsed Secondary CNS Non-Germinal Center Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Successfully Treated with CNS-Centric Therapy

Abstract Secondary central nervous system involvement by systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) carries a very poor prognosis. We present a female patient who had two episodes of intracerebral central nervous system (CNS)-only relapse of systemic non-germinal center diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (NGC-DLBCL). Her treatment at initial diagnosis consisted of induction with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) and intrathecal (IT) - methotrexate (MTX) followed by consolidation with autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) after high-dose carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) chemotherapy. She had the first CNS-only relapse 1.5 years post-ASCT and received whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). She developed the second intracerebral CNS-only relapse 2 years post-WBRT. A CNS-centric therapeutic approach with salvage chemoimmunotherapy incorporating rituximab, high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), high-dose cytarabine (HiDAC), and ibrutinib was utilized for her second CNS-only relapse. She underwent consolidation with a second ASCT following high-dose carmustine (BCNU) and thiotepa chemotherapy. Given her high risk of CNS recurrence, she was started on maintenance ibrutinib. To date, she has remained in complete remission for 3 years. In our experience, multiply relapsed secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL) with this response is very rare. We suggest one CNS-centric therapeutic approach that can potentially salvage patients with SCNSL who have not had prior exposure to adequate CNS-directed therapies but acknowledge that additional research is necessary to validate our findings.
Drought stress amelioration in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings by biostimulant as regenerative agent

Drought adversely affects many physiological and biochemical events of crops. This research was conducted to investigate the possible effects of biostimulants containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant growth parameters, chlorophyll content, membrane permeability (MP), leaf relative water content (LRWC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), hormone content, and antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) activity of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings under different irrigation levels. This study was carried out under controlled greenhouse conditions with two irrigation levels (D0: 100% of field capacity and D1: 50% of field capacity) and three biostimulant doses (B0: 0, B1: 4 L ha-1, and B2: 6 L ha-1). The results of the study show that drought stress negatively influenced the growth and physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings while biostimulant applications ameliorated these parameters. Water deficit conditions (50% of field capacity) caused decrease in indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA), cytokine, zeatin, and jasmonic acid content of tomato seedlings by ratios of 83%, 93%, 82%, 89%, 50%, and 57%, respectively, and shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area decreased by 43%, 19%, 39%, 29%, 20%, 18%, and 50%, respectively, compared to the control (B0D0). In addition, 21%, 16%, 21%, and 17% reductions occurred in LRWC, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll contents with drought compared to the control, respectively. Biostimulant applications restored the plant growth, and the most effective dose was 4 L ha-1 under drought condition. Amendment of biostimulant into the soil also enhanced organic matter and the total N, P, Ca, and Cu content of the experiment soil. In conclusion, 4 L ha-1 biostimulant amendment might be a promising approach to mitigate the adverse effects of drought stress on tomato.
Heavy metals and health risk analysis of arable farmlands in selected local government areas of Taraba State, Nigeria

The soil environment is a reservoir of nutrients as well as pollutants, and because of this, most of our food items are ladened with lots of pollutants ranging from fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides to heavy metals (HM). The consumption of these contaminated food items has serious implication on the health and economic status of the populace. These pollutants have also been implicated in causing several problems to plants. This study investigated heavy metals and health risk analysis of arable farmlands in selected Local Government Areas (Donga, Ussa and Takum) of Taraba state Nigeria. Samples obtained were processed and the concentration of following heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, and As) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that Chromium had a very high concentration across all the study areas with values ranging from 1.40mg/kg to 2.30 mg/kg. The concentration of Cadmium and Arsenic were moderate, with values ranging from 0.03mg/kg to 0.08mg/kg while Lead and Mercury had the lowest concentration of less than 0.03mg/kg across the three LGAs respectively. The following ecological and health risk assessments parameters; Target Cancer Risk or Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI) and Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) were determined to assess the carcinogenic health risks by consuming produce from such farmlands. Ussa LGA recorded the highest concentration of heavy metals, with the highest health risk index followed by Takum whereas Donga had the lowest risk factors from the analysis. The study showed bioaccumulation of toxicants from the soil to crops and grazing plants across the study areas which was as a result of chemical farming that polluted and contaminated the soil, thus posing risk to the populace.
Music, literature, and community: Reflections on a framework for learning through and from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander music

Inspired by a desire to explore ways in which non-Indigenous Australians can meaningfully connect with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, this article reflects on my doctoral studies and the role educators can have in holding space for First Nations peoples to directly contribute toward the creation of mutually rewarding teaching and learning experiences. It specifically evaluates the processes involved in establishing and implementing a project centered on my senior secondary music class as the students engaged in the collaborative reworking of two songs shared by Ngiyampaa composer and dancer, Peter Williams. The article is intentionally reflexive as it interrogates the journey and motivations behind conducting the study. As a non-Indigenous teacher-researcher, I table three foundational pillars behind my personal growth in understanding Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories and cultures: the music, the academic literature, and most importantly, the local community. The article then discusses the challenges and factors that lead to the success of the musical interactions in the doctoral study—a process understood as co-composition—and critically, the transformative learning experiences gained as reciprocal relationships were forged during various stages of the project. Rather than promoting co-composition as a pedagogical strategy, this article encourages a heuristic approach to increased and effective inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander music in secondary music classes. By setting out in autoethnographic form the experience of implementing a considered, decolonial, and ethical approach to learning from and through Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander music, I hope to encourage educators to imagine themselves in a narrative of their own, one that includes their students and members of the local First Nations community, leading to rich and rewarding musical collaborations and ongoing fruitful relationships.
Insights into the Mechanism of Curaxin CBL0137 Epigenetic Activity: The Induction of DNA Demethylation and the Suppression of BET Family Proteins

The development of malignant tumors is caused by a complex combination of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations, the latter of which are induced by either external environmental factors or signaling disruption following genetic mutations. Some types of cancer demonstrate a significant increase in epigenetic enzymes, and targeting these epigenetic alterations represents a compelling strategy to reverse cell transcriptome to the normal state, improving chemotherapy response. Curaxin CBL0137 is a new potent anticancer drug that has been shown to activate epigenetically silenced genes. However, its detailed effects on the enzymes of the epigenetic system of transcription regulation have not been studied. Here, we report that CBL0137 inhibits the expression of DNA methyltransferase DNMT3a in HeLa TI cells, both at the level of mRNA and protein, and it decreases the level of integral DNA methylation in Ca Ski cells. For the first time, it is shown that CBL0137 decreases the level of BET family proteins, BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4, the key participants in transcription elongation, followed by the corresponding gene expression enhancement. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CBL0137 does not affect the mechanisms of histone acetylation and methylation. The ability of CBL0137 to suppress DNMT3A and BET family proteins should be taken into consideration when combined chemotherapy is applied. Our data demonstrate the potential of CBL0137 to be used in the therapy of tumors with corresponding aberrant epigenetic profiles.
Citation Analysis: A Method for Collection Development for a Rapidly Developing Field

Citation analysis was used to determine if the Sciences-Engineering Library at the University of California at Santa Barbara is meeting the needs of an interdisciplinary group of 60 faculty members at the new California NanoSystems Institute. The latest three publications of each faculty member (published within the last two years) were analyzed in two ways using the Science Citation Index: 1) the journals they were published in, and 2) the journals where cited articles were published. The results indicate that the library subscribes to 98 percent of the journals in which faculty members are published or are citing frequently. This information is useful to map the citation patterns of a new interdisciplinary field and can be used for future collection management decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Health of College Students in India

Uncertainty arose by the unprecedented spread of COVID-19 throughout the world, imposing a great challenge on students' psychological resilience. The current study aimed to do a nationwide survey on college students to understand the level of mental impact, stress, and anxiety among them amidst the coronavirus outbreak. We prepared a questionnaire packet having three sections viz. demographic information, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and possible stressors to collect the responses of students. Out of 414 responses, 32% of students unveiled mild anxiety symptoms, 16.7% moderate level anxiety, and 12% reported severe level anxiety. Demographic factors like age, marital status, degree and year had no significant impact on the anxiety level, whereas COVID-19 stressors such as the impact on academic activities worry about academic delays, and change in daily routine life had a remarkable positive impact on the anxiety level. Residing in an urban area and relative or acquaintance diagnosed with COVID-19 also noticeably triggered the mental sound health of the students. Our finding suggests that looking at the severity of the forthcoming situation, there is an urgent need to develop psychological interventions as a coping mechanism against anxiety to nurture the mental health of these vulnerable college students. © 1999. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Supercritical CO2 Processing of White Grape Must as a Strategy to Reduce the Addition of SO2

In winemaking, sulfur dioxide addition is the most common procedure to prevent enzymatic and microbial alterations. However, the enological industry looks for safer alternatives to preserve enological products, and high-pressure treatments with supercritical CO2 are a suitable alternative. This study evaluates the effectiveness of this process in the stabilization and preservation of white grape must, studying the influence of time, pressure, and CO2 percentage on must characteristics. In spite of the percentage of CO2 turned out to be the variable that affects the most the process, no remarkable differences were observed in pH, acidity, and color intensity between untreated and treated musts. Moreover, this technique has proven to be very efficient in the reduction of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms as well as in the reduction of residual polyphenol oxidase activities, being lower than those obtained with SO2 addition (60 and 160 mg/L). Based on the results, the most convenient conditions were 100 bar and 10% CO2, for 10 min treatment.
Importance of Academic Legacy on Student Success in First- and Second-Semester General Chemistry

This investigation sought to elucidate the influence of students' academic legacy on their prior knowledge and course outcomes providing crucial insights for educators who teach general chemistry. This six-semester analysis involved 6,914 students enrolled in classes across nine Texas universities. Explored were personal circumstances associated with students' successes and failures that influenced performance in on- and off-sequence, first- and second-semester general chemistry (Chem 1 and Chem 2). Students' academic legacy based on their categorization as first generation (neither grandparent nor parent/guardian with a 4-year bachelor's degree), second generation (at least one grandparent or parent/guardian with a bachelor's degree), or third generation (at least one grandparent and at least one parent/guardian hold a bachelor's degree) was investigated. Of the students in the dataset 33.8% (n = 2,340) self-identified as Hispanic. Results for Hispanic and non-Hispanic students indicated that first-generation students struggled more with Chem 1 and Chem 2 than students in the other two legacy groups. As students' academic legacy extended, they were more apt to succeed in general chemistry. Second- and third-generation students demonstrated stronger prior high-school chemistry backgrounds and were enrolled in more advanced mathematics courses. As expected, students with stronger academic backgrounds in chemistry and mathematics scored higher on the diagnostic MUST (Math-Up Skills Test), had greater self-efficacy relative to their preparation to succeed, and reported fewer paid work hours. First-generation students on the average entered with lower diagnostic MUST scores, felt less prepared to succeed, and disclosed a greater need to be employed.
High Impedance Fault Detection on Microgrids Considering the Impact of VSC Based Generation

This paper presents an evaluation of the impacts of simulation models for high impedance faults detection in microgrids with distributed generators interfaced by voltage source converters. Detailed simulation models are used to consider the high frequency switching of power electronics and, consequently, the associated harmonic distortions. Thus, for systems with a higher degradation of the current sine waveform, the high impedance fault characteristics such as nonlinearity, asymmetry, and randomness may remain hidden, compromising the performance of some existing detection techniques. Such models are not commonly used in the high impedance fault detection literature. To evaluate the impact of the simulation model’s complexity, a pretrained deep convolutional neural networks on the imageNet database is adapted to classify current waveform based on a time-frequency representation image. The proposed method is designed and tested using a microgrid model based on the CIGRE European medium voltage distribution network benchmark. The simulation data set considers microgrid operating in islanded and connected manner, radial and ring topology, with transients at different locations of the network. The results indicate that high impedance fault detection methods for microgrid with voltage source converters generators need to be designed using detailed simulation models to achieve better accuracy, and the proposed classifier presented accurate and robust high impedance fault detection.
Survey of Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy Dosing Experiences in Adults with Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

Objectives: Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is essential for treating exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), a condition where the pancreas does not produce adequate enzymes for digestion. This study delves into the real-world experiences of individuals with EPI regarding their PERT usage. Methods: A study was executed using a tailored survey targeting individuals with EPI. Quantitative data analysis assessed factors such as age, duration of EPI, elastase levels, choice of PERT, perceived effectiveness of titration, and the time taken for effective titration. Results: The study comprised 111 participants, predominantly female (93%) and hailing from North America (79%). Of these, 36.7% had been diagnosed with EPI for 3 or more years. A significant 72% felt they were not consistently consuming adequate enzymes, with only 22% believing their intake was sufficient. There were 44 participants (42%) still in the process of adjusting their enzyme doses. In contrast, 17 participants (16%) took a few weeks, 21 (20%) a few months, 11 (10%) over six months, 10 (9%) more than a year, and 3 (3%) several years for dose adjustment. Regarding enzyme titration advice, 30 participants (29%) received vague guidance, while 22 (21%) found the advice beneficial. Conclusions: This study underscores the pressing need for enhanced PERT dosing guidance. The insights gleaned spotlight the prevalent undertreatment across the entire EPI demographic, including in those with lesser-studied co-conditions.
Brassinosteroids Regulate the Water Deficit and Latex Yield of Rubber Trees

Brassinolide (BR) is an important plant hormone that regulates the growth and development of plants and the formation of yield. The yield and quality of latex from Hevea brasiliensis are regulated by phytohormones. The understanding of gene network regulation mechanism of latex formation in rubber trees is still very limited. In this research, the rubber tree variety CATAS73397 was selected to analyze the relationship between BR, water deficit resistance, and latex yield. The results showed that BR improves the vitality of rubber trees under water deficit by increasing the rate of photosynthesis, reducing the seepage of osmotic regulatory substances, increasing the synthesis of energy substances, and improving the antioxidant system. Furthermore, BR increased the yield and quality of latex by reducing the plugging index and elevating the lutoid bursting index without decreasing mercaptan, sucrose, and inorganic phosphorus. This was confirmed by an increased expression of genes related to latex flow. RNA-seq analysis further indicated that DEG encoded proteins were enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction and sucrose metabolism. Phytohormone content displayed significant differences, in that trans-Zeatin, ethylene, salicylic acid, kinetin, and cytokinin were induced by BR, whereas auxin, abscisic acid, and gibberellin were not. In summary, the current research lays a foundation for comprehending the molecular mechanism of latex formation in rubber trees and explores the potential candidate genes involved in natural rubber biosynthesis to provide useful information for further research in relevant areas.