Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerodynamic Influence of Rim Seal Purge Flow Injection on the Main Flow in a 1.5-Stage Axial Turbine with Non-Axisymmetric End Wall Contouring

This paper presents an investigation of the aerodynamic influence of rim seal purge flow injection on the main flow in a 1.5-stage turbine with non-axisymmetric end walls and a bowed stator using experimental flow measurements and unsteady RANS simulations. The study focuses on the secondary vortex structures formed in the rotor passages of the 1.5- stage axial turbine rig. Through performance map measurements, it was found that the efficiency gain of the non-axisymmetric configuration is partially eliminated by the injection of purge flow. Numerical investigations, which are supported by detailed flow measurements with five-hole probes and hot-wire probes, revealed that the injection of purge air flow intensifies vortex structures near the hub, thereby generating additional losses. These resulting vortex structures are highly similar both in the axisymmetric baseline and the non-axisymmetric configuration and are the result of jet-like vortices emerging from the cavity. From these findings, it can be concluded that the non-axisymmetric contour and the bowed stator no longer provides any efficiency benefit near the hub. Only the near the casing, where the flow is not affected by the purge flow, the optimized configuration continues to improve the efficiency of the rig by homogenizing the stator outflow and thus reducing the secondary flow structures in the rotor passages.
Kinetics of cold crystallization in two liquid crystalline ﬂuorinated homologues exhibiting the vitriﬁed smectic C A * phase Molecular

Dielectric relaxation processes in the supercooled antiferroelectric smectic C A * phase and crystallization kinetics of two chiral ﬂuorinated 5HF6 and 6HF6 compounds from the same homologous series are investigated. Fragility parameters are determined from the relaxation time of the a -process, including s HN from the Havriliak-Negami formula and s peak denoting the position of the absorption peak. The coupling coefﬁcient n between the characteristic time of isothermal cold crystallization and relaxation time of the a -process is obtained. Despite similar values of the fragility index, the even 6HF6 homologue undergoes cold crystallization much faster than the odd 5HF6 homologue, with signiﬁcantly different n coefﬁcients. Inﬂuence of the relaxation time of the P H process (anti-phase phason) in the smectic C A * phase on the crystallization kinetics is presumed. (cid:1) 2022 Author(s). the BY-NC-ND
The Milky Way in Molecular Clouds: A New Complete CO Survey

New large-scale CO surveys of the first and second Galactic quadrants and the nearby molecular cloud complexes in Orion and Taurus, obtained with the CfA 1.2 m telescope, have been combined with 31 other surveys obtained over the past two decades with that instrument and a similar telescope on Cerro Tololo in Chile, to produce a new composite CO survey of the entire Milky Way. The survey consists of 488,000 spectra that Nyquist or beamwidth ( °) sample the entire Galactic plane over a strip 4°-10° wide in latitude, and beamwidth or ° sample nearly all large local clouds at higher latitudes. Compared with the previous composite CO survey of Dame et al. (1987), the new survey has 16 times more spectra, up to 3.4 times higher angular resolution, and up to 10 times higher sensitivity per unit solid angle. Each of the component surveys was integrated individually using clipping or moment masking to produce composite spatial and longitude-velocity maps of the Galaxy that display nearly all of the statistically significant emission in each survey but little noise. The composite maps provide detailed information on individual molecular clouds, suggest relationships between clouds and regions widely separated on the sky, and clearly display the main structural features of the molecular Galaxy. In addition, since the gas, dust, and Population I objects associated with molecular clouds contribute to the Galactic emission in every major wavelength band, the precise kinematic information provided by the present survey will form the foundation for many large-scale Galactic studies. A map of molecular column density predicted from complete and unbiased far-infrared and 21 cm surveys of the Galaxy was used both to determine the completeness of the present survey and to extrapolate it to the entire sky at |b| < 32°. The close agreement of the observed and predicted maps implies that only ~ 2% of the total CO emission at |b| < 32° lies outside our current sampling, mainly in the regions of Chamaeleon and the Gum Nebula. Taking into account this small amount of unobserved emission, the mean molecular column density decreases from ~ 3 × 1020 cm-2 at |b| = 5° to ~ 0.1 × 1020 cm-2 at |b| = 30°; this drop is ~ 6 times steeper than would be expected from a plane-parallel layer, but is consistent with recent measurements of the mean molecular column density at higher latitudes. The ratio of the predicted molecular column density map to the observed CO intensity map provides a calibration of the CO-to-H2 mass conversion factor X ≡ N/WCO. Out of the Galactic plane (|b| > 5°), X shows little systematic variation with latitude from a mean value of (1.8 ± 0.3) × 1020 cm-2 K-1 km-1 s. Given the large sky area and large quantity of CO data analyzed, we conclude that this is the most reliable measurement to date of the mean X value in the solar neighborhood.
Correlation and path analysis for yield and attributing traits in rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

An experiment was conducted in the field of department of molecular biology and biotechnology comprising of 46 lines of crosses Swarna x IBD-1, yield data were recorded on each lines and data were subjected to statistical analysis to estimate correlation and path analysis, which result revealed that significant differences present among genotypes for various yield attributing traits. Here we found that number of tillers, total number of spikelet’s, panicle length, thousand grain weight, biological yield per plant and harvest index were significantly associated with grain yield and also showed positive direct effect toward yield, hence these traits can be used for yield enhancement.
SPHERE/SHINE reveals concentric rings in the debris disk of HIP 73145

The debris disk of HIP73145 has been detected in scattered light in the near-IR, and at far-IR wavelengths before, but no substructure has been seen so far. Detection of such substructures in combination with detailed modeling can hint at the presence of perturbing planetary bodies, or reveal other mechanisms acting to replenish gas and dust reservoirs and forming structures such as spirals or rings. We obtained multiwavelength images with SPHERE in the near-IR in the H2 and H3 bands with the IRDIS camera and a 0.95-1.35 micron spectral cube with the IFS. Data were acquired in pupil-tracking mode, thus allowing for angular differential imaging. The SPHERE standard suite of angular differential imaging algorithms was applied. ALMA Band 6 observations complement the SPHERE data. We detect a bright ring of scattered light plus more structures inside, at least one of them forming a secondary, concentric ring with the first. This is the first detection of this disk in total-intensity scattered light. A second object is detected in the field at high contrast but concluded to be a background star. Forward modeling yields information on the primary parameters of the disk and confirms that the detected substructures are not due to the data analysis approach, which sometimes leads to spurious structures. We detect a series of concentric rings in the disk around HIP73145. This is one of the rare cases where multiple components are necessary to fit the SED and are also detected in scattered light. The presence of such ring structures somewhat questions the nature of the object as a pure debris disk, but the gas and dust content would presumably offer sufficient explanations for such structures to form.
A Theoretical Study on Solving Continual Learning

Continual learning (CL) learns a sequence of tasks incrementally. There are two popular CL settings, class incremental learning (CIL) and task incremental learning (TIL). A major challenge of CL is catastrophic forgetting (CF). While a number of techniques are already available to effectively overcome CF for TIL, CIL remains to be highly challenging. So far, little theoretical study has been done to provide a principled guidance on how to solve the CIL problem. This paper performs such a study. It first shows that probabilistically, the CIL problem can be decomposed into two sub-problems: Within-task Prediction (WP) and Task-id Prediction (TP). It further proves that TP is correlated with out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, which connects CIL and OOD detection. The key conclusion of this study is that regardless of whether WP and TP or OOD detection are defined explicitly or implicitly by a CIL algorithm, good WP and good TP or OOD detection are necessary and sufficient for good CIL performances. Additionally, TIL is simply WP. Based on the theoretical result, new CIL methods are also designed, which outperform strong baselines in both CIL and TIL settings by a large margin.
Does the Black Hole Merger Rate Evolve with Redshift?

We explore the ability of gravitational-wave detectors to extract the redshift distribution of binary black hole (BBH) mergers. The evolution of the merger rate across redshifts 0 < z ≲ 1 is directly tied to the formation and evolutionary processes, providing insight regarding the progenitor formation rate together with the distribution of time delays between formation and merger. Because the limiting distance to which BBHs are detected depends on the masses of the binary, the redshift distribution of detected binaries depends on their underlying mass distribution. We therefore consider the mass and redshift distributions simultaneously, and fit the merger rate density, dN/dm1 dm2 dz. Our constraints on the mass distribution agree with previously published results, including evidence for an upper mass cutoff at ∼40 M⊙. Additionally, we show that the current set of six BBH detections are consistent with a merger rate density that is uniform in comoving volume. Although our constraints on the redshift distribution are not yet tight enough to distinguish between BBH formation channels, we show that it will be possible to distinguish between different astrophysically motivated models of the merger rate evolution with ∼100–300 Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory/Virgo detections (to be expected within 2–5 years). Specifically, we will be able to infer whether the formation rate peaks at higher or lower redshifts than the star formation rate, or the typical time delay between formation and merger. Meanwhile, with ∼100 detections, the inferred redshift distribution will place constraints on more exotic scenarios such as modified gravity.
Introducing Probability Theory through Heuristics: A Laboratory for High School Students

: A more motivating way of introducing students to probability theory is through real-world problems. Since heuristics play an important role in our probabilistic judgement, knowing how to avoid incorrect probabilistic reasoning, which leads to several biases, could help students to develop more critical thinking skills. In this paper, we present a different way of introducing students from a linguistic lyceum (high school) in Italy to probability theory. In our laboratory, we introduced students to the three most studied heuristics: representation, availability, and anchoring. The aims of our laboratory were two-fold: (1) motivate the students to learn probability theory through the presentation of the most common mistakes (biases) that are made due to erroneous probabilistic judgements; (2) increase students’ awareness of the “tricky” questions that could be present in the national assessment of knowledge of mathematics for grade 10 students. The results of our laboratory show an increase in students’ participation in the class activities, as well as increased motivation.
Human Perception Engineering

In this chapter, we propose the foundations of a new field, perception engineering, to unify and guide XR research in human perception. The key idea is that designing, creating, implementing, and analyzing perceptual illusions themselves are the engineering focus, rather than devices. Perception engineering follows a dynamical systems approach to the human–XR device pairing by leveraging techniques from mathematical modeling, perceptual psychology, neuroscience, and robotics to better understand how the perceptual experience itself may be engineered. We then give attention to the current state and potential shortcomings of human perception and XR research, and set goals for the field to aspire toward best practices, inclusivity, and open-source modular technology.
Indoor Navigation with Cellular Signals Utilizing Synthetic Aperture for Multipath Mitigation

OF THE THESIS Indoor Navigation with Cellular Signals Utilizing Synthetic Aperture for Multipath Mitigation By Ali A. Abdallah Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California, Irvine, 2022 Professor Zaher (Zak) M. Kassas, Chair People nowadays spend a tremendous amount of time in indoor structures, causing them to be known as the “indoor generation. ” For example, Americans spend, on average, 90% of their time indoors. In light of this, demand for accurate indoor navigation and localization systems has been more than ever before. Not only accurate indoor navigation enables emerging applications, e.g., location-based services (LBS), it is vital for public safety, e.g., first responders. Numerous competing approaches have been proposed over the past couple of decades for indoor navigation and localization; however, there is no single technology that has emerged as a clear winner in solving this problem. Among all approaches, cellular long-term evolution (LTE)-based approaches are particularly attractive as they are infrastructure-free, and if properly exploited, can lead to a practical, affordable, and accurate localization system. This is due to the inherent desirable characteristics of LTE signals [2, 3]: abundance, geometric diversity, high bandwidth (up to 20 MHz), high received power (carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0) ranges between 50 and 80 dB-Hz in different indoor conditions), and some of their downlink signals are free to use. Exploiting LTE-based signal for indoor localization comes with several challenges: (i) specialized receivers to opportunistically extract navigation observables from received LTE signals must
Choice of milk marketing channels and factors influencing the marketing channels in rural areas of Bikaner district of Rajasthan

The present study was undertaken in Bikaner district of Rajasthan. The specific objective of this study has look into the choice of milk marketing channels and factors influencing the choice of milk marketing channels. A total of 180 sample farmers were randomly selected from list of farmers rearing at least two adult milch animals. Majority of the milk producers were selling the milk through Informal channel i.e., to private middlemen (62.77per cent) followed by cooperatives channel (18.90 per cent) and direct to consumer (18.33per cent). High price of milk, less herd size, more experience in dairy farming and less milk production per day per household increased the likelihood of selecting channel directly to consumer. On the other hand more price of milk, less duration in payment, type of milch animals and higher milk production per household increased the likelihood of selecting channel through private traders. The study shows per liter price of milk is positive and significant in the case of direct sales to consumers and informal marketing channels because informal channel give higher price compare to formal marketing channel. This showed that if herd size increases, milk sold directly to consumers decreases as then farmers want to sell more quantity of milk to cooperatives. Milk households who own high potential exotic breeds have better likelihood of selling to informal channel through private traders.
Differential rotation measurement of soft X-ray corona

The aim of this paper is to study the latitudinal variation in the solar rotation in soft X-ray corona. The time series bins are formed on different latitude regions of the solar full disc (SFD) images that extend from 80°S to 80°N. These SFD images are obtained with the soft X-ray telescope (SXT) on board the Yohkoh solar observatory. The autocorrelation analyses are performed with the time series that track the SXR flux modulations in the solar corona. Then for each year, extending from 1992 to 2001, we obtain the coronal sidereal rotation rate as a function of the latitude. The present analysis from SXR radiation reveals that: (i) the equatorial rotation rate of the corona is comparable to the rotation rate of the photosphere and the chromosphere, (ii) the differential profile with respect to the latitude varies throughout the period of the study; it was more in the year 1999 and least in 1994, and (iii) the equatorial rotation period varies systematically with sunspot numbers and indicates its dependence on the phases of the solar activity cycle.
The Mediating Effect of Firm Risk on Corporate Governance, Firm Performance, and Earnings Management

This study investigates whether corporate governance (CG) is associated with firms’ financial outcomes and whether this relationship is mediated by firm risk. Analysis of non-financial listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand between 2015 and 2019 shows that CG quality is positively associated with firm performance. However, although CG effectively constrains accrual earnings management, firms with good CG quality engage in high real earnings management. In addition, mediation analysis reveals that firm risk partially mediates the association between CG and firms’ financial outcomes. Specifically, firms with enhanced CG quality experience risk reduction, leading to better firm performance and less earnings management. Findings present practical implications for regulators and capital market stakeholders.
Political Institutions, Stock Market Liquidity and Firm Dividend Policy

Motivated by recent research on the dividend irrelevance proposition and research on the importance of political institutions in international financial markets, this cross country study examines whether political institutions affect the substitution effect between stock market liquidity and firm’s dividend policy. Using a sample of 52 countries, we show that the negative association between dividends and stock market liquidity is more pronounced in countries with stronger political rights and constraints. We also find that this relationship is weaker for countries with poor investor protection and low accounting transparency suggesting that both variables moderate the political institutions/substitution effect relationship, ceteris paribus. Acknowledgements: We thank Helen Lu, Keshab Shrestha, Wilson Tong and seminar/conference participants at Monash University, Sunway Campus and 2014 AFAANZ for their helpful comments. We also acknowledge the support given by the Internal Competitive Research Grant at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (G-UB27).
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS BEFORE AND AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PATTERNS OF REGIONAL GENERAL SERVICES AGENCY AT CUT MEUTIA REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, ACEH UTARA REGENCY

This study analyzed differences in financial performance before and after the implementation of the Financial Management Pattern of the Regional Public Service Agency (PPK-BLUD) at Cut Meutia Public Hospital, North Aceh Regency. Financial performance was proxied by the ratio of profitability, liquidity, solvency, and activity. The periods used were 2012-2015 (Before KDP-BLUD) and 2016-2019 (After KDP-BLUD). This study used secondary data in the form of quantitative data. The data analysis method used was Paired T-Test. The results showed that in financial performance ratios, there were significant differences in the ratio of profitability, liquidity, and activity before and after the implementation of PPK-BLUD, but the solvency ratio did not differ before and after the implementation of PPK-BLUD at Cut Meutia Hospital, North Aceh Regency.
Morphometric examination of trigeminal nerve and its adjacent structures in patients with trigeminal neuralgia: a case-control study

Background/aim Morphological differences that can lead the trigeminal nerve to neurovascular conflict and a new solitary pontine lesion are associated with the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). In this case-control study, we aimed to contribute to the current discussions about the pathogenesis of TN by investigating the anatomical structures that may have an effect on the morphometric parameters of the trigeminal nerve. Materials and methods This study included 25 patients with TN followed up for pain in the Department of Algology, Faculty of Medicine, and 25 age- and gender-matched controls. We performed morphometric measurements including the length and volume of the trigeminal nerve, cerebellopontine cistern, pons, and posterior fossa in the MRIs of these individuals. Comparative analyses were performed for the mean of the affected and unaffected sides of the TN patients and the right, left, and both sides of the control group. Results In patients with TN, on the affected side, length and volume of the trigeminal nerve and cerebellopontine cistern volume were found smaller than controls (p < 0.05). Pons volume was higher in patients with TN compared to controls (p < 0.05). The length of the affected nerve was significantly related to prepontine cistern length and cerebellopontine cistern volume (p < 0.05). Conclusion The cerebellopontine cistern volume has a significant impact on the morphometric characteristics of the trigeminal nerve. Especially, whether the increase in the volume of pons causes a decrease in the volume of cerebellopontine cistern should be clarified with further research.
Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series Peer Learning in Teams and Work Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment

A novel field experiment shows that learning activities in pairs with a greater spread in abilities lead to better individual work performance, relative to those in pairs with similar abilities. The positive effect of the former is not limited to their performance in peer learning material, but it also spills over to their performance in other areas. The underlying improvement comes from the stronger increased performance of those whose achievements were weak prior to peer learning. This implies that exogenously determining learning partners with different abilities helps improve productivity through knowledge sharing and potential peer effects. Abstract: A novel field experiment shows that learning activities in pairs with a greater spread in abilities lead to better individual work performance, relative to those in pairs with similar abilities. The positive effect of the former is not limited to their performance in peer learning material, but it also spills over to their performance in other areas. The underlying improvement comes from the stronger increased performance of those whose achievements were weak prior to peer learning. This implies that exogenously determining learning partners with different abilities helps improve productivity through knowledge sharing and potential peer effects.