Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum Information with Continuous Variables

Preface. About the Editors. Part I: Quantum Computing. 1. Quantum computing with qubits S.L. Braunstein, A.K. Pati. 2. Quantum computation over continuous variables S. Lloyd, S.L. Braunstein. 3. Error correction for continuous quantum variables S.L. Braunstein. 4. Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm for continuous variables A.K. Pati, S.L. Braunstein. 5. Hybrid quantum computing S. Lloyd. 6. Efficient classical simulation of continuous variable quantum information processes S.D. Bartlett, B.C. Sanders, S.L. Braunstein, K. Nemoto. Part II: Quantum Entanglement. 7. Introduction to entanglement-based protocols S.L. Braunstein, A.K. Pati. 8. Teleportation of continuous uantum variables S.L. Braunstein, H.J. Kimble. 9. Experimental realization of continuous variable teleportation A. Furusawa, H.J. Kimble. 10. Dense coding for continuous variables S.L. Braunstein, H.J. Kimble. 11. Multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for continuous variables S. Massar, S. Pironio. 12. Multipartite entanglement for continuous variables P. van Loock, S.L. Braunstein. 13. Inseparability criterion for continuous variable systems Lu-Ming Duan, G. Giedke, J.I. Cirac, P. Zoller. 14. Separability criterion for Gaussian states R. Simon. 15. Distillability and entanglement purification for Gaussian states G. Giedke, Lu-Ming Duan, J.I. Cirac, P. Zoller. 16. Entanglement purification via entanglement swapping S. Parke, S. Bose, M.B. Plenio. 17. Bound entanglement for continuous variables is a rare phenomenon P. Horodecki, J.I. Cirac, M. Lewenstein. Part III: Continuous Variable Optical-Atomic Interfacing. 18. Atomic continuous variable processing and light-atoms quantum interface A. Kuzmich, E.S. Polzik. Part IV: Limits on Quantum Information and Cryptography. 19. Limitations on discrete quantum information and cryptography S.L. Braunstein, A.K. Pati. 20. Quantum cloning with continuous variables N.J. Cerf. 21. Quantum key distribution with continuous variables in optics T.C. Ralph. 22. Secure quantum key distribution using squeezed states D. Gottesman, J. Preskill. 23. Experimental demonstration of dense coding and quantum cryptography with continuous variables Kunchi Peng, Qing Pan, Jing Zhang, Changde Xie. 24. Quantum solitons in optical fibres: basic requisites for experimental quantum communication G. Leuchs, Ch. Silberhorn, E. Konig, P.K. Lam, A. Sizmann, N. Korolkova. Index.
On the apparent coupling of neutral hydrogen and dark matter in spiral galaxies

We have studied a mass model for spiral galaxies in which the dark matter surface density is a scaled version of the observed H I surface density. Applying this mass model to a sample of 24 spiral galaxies with reliable rotation curves, one obtains good fits for most galaxies. The scaling factors cluster around 7, after correction for the presence of primordial helium. For several cases, however, different, often larger, values are found. For galaxies that cannot be fitted well, the discrepancy occurs at large radii and results from a fairly rapid decline of the Hr surface density in the outermost regions. Because of such imperfections and in view of possible selection effects, it is not possible to conclude here that there is a real coupling between HI and dark matter in spiral galaxies.
A MODEL OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HAND GRIP MUSCLE FORCE BASED ON ELITE FEMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS OF VARIOUS AGES

The aim of the study was to establish trends in the development of contractile characteristics of hand grip in terms of the maximum and relative force, as a test for upper body strength. The sample consisted of 207 female handball players organised into age categories; 52 senior (age = 24.5 ± 3.3), 51 junior (U18, age = 17.4 ± 0.7), 45 youth (U16, age = 15.5 ± 0.9), and 49 young players (U14, age = 13.4 ± 0.5). There is a statistically significant difference of absolute and relative maximal hand grip muscle force between all age groups (Wilks’s lambda = 0.416, p = 0.000). The results showed that the values of the maximum right hand grip force ranged from 430.7 N to 297.7 N and from 405.5 N to 268.6 N for left hand for senior to young players, respectively (Table 1). Also, according to the results it was determined that trend of change in observed contractile characteristics according to the age groups are 44.7N and 43.6N for absolute, and 0.462 and 0.463 N·BW-1 for relative values of maximal hand grip force for the right and the left hand, respectively.
Missed Cystic Fibrosis Newborn Screening Cases due to Immunoreactive Trypsinogen Levels below Program Cutoffs: A National Survey of Risk Factors

Testing immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) is the first step in cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening. While high IRT is associated with CF, some cases are missed. This survey aimed to find factors associated with missed CF cases due to IRT levels below program cutoffs. Twenty-nine states responded to a U.S-wide survey and 13 supplied program-related data for low IRT false screen negative cases (CFFN) and CF true screen positive cases (CFTP) for analysis. Rates of missed CF cases and odds ratios were derived for each factor in CFFNs, and two CFFN subgroups, IRT above (“high”) and below (“low”) the CFFN median (39 ng/mL) compared to CFTPs for this entire sample set. Factors associated with “high” CFFN subgroup were Black race, higher IRT cutoff, fixed IRT cutoff, genotypes without two known CF-causing variants, and meconium ileus. Factors associated with “low” CFFN subgroup were older age at specimen collection, Saturday birth, hotter season of newborn dried blood spot collection, maximum ≥ 3 days laboratories could be closed, preterm birth, and formula feeding newborns. Lowering IRT cutoffs may reduce “high” IRT CFFNs. Addressing hospital and laboratory factors (like training staff in collection of blood spots, using insulated containers during transport and reducing consecutive days screening laboratories are closed) may reduce “low” IRT CFFNs.
The Hazards of Unwinding the Prescription Opioid Epidemic: Implications for Child Maltreatment

Child maltreatment has significant and long-lasting consequences. We examine how two interventions designed to curtail prescription opioid misuse, the reformulation of OxyContin and the implementation of must-access prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs), affected child maltreatment. Our results suggest counties with greater initial rates of prescription opioid usage experienced relatively larger increases in child physical abuse and neglect after OxyContin’s reformulation. We also find some evidence of increases in alleged physical abuse and neglect due to must-access PDMP implementation. Our results uncover unintended consequences for children of reducing the supply of an addictive good without adequate support for dependent users. (JEL I12, I18, J13, K32, K42, L65)
The ideational meaning of Covid-19 health promotion posters: Multimodal discourse

Indonesian Government has used online posters to deliver the information regarding Covid-19 which is known as the new variant of virus spreading in the world. Covid-19 posters as multimodality discourse coming with two different semiotic modes that explains ideas and information related to Covid-19. The problem of this study was how the posters deliver and represent the idea of Covid-19 discourse through two semiotic modes. This study aims to describe the ideational and representational meaning of two semiotic modes, verbal and visual. This study used qualitative descriptive method. Verbal data was clauses and visual data was images on the poster of Covid-19. The source of data was the poster downloaded from a website https://promkes.kemkes. go.id/. This study used Systemic Functional Linguistics Theory of Halliday (2004) to analyze ideational meaning of the verbal text and Visual Grammar Theory of Kress and Van Leeuwen (2021) to identify representational meaning of the images on the poster. Based on the analysis, verbal text represents the dominance of material process while the images describe the symbolic process. The dominance of material process means the strong intention that the messages deliver to encourage the readers to carry out the activities. Then, conceptual symbolic process and narrative act process represents meaning and experience of the verbal text.
PIECEWISE LINEAR RISK FUNCTION AND PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION

A new portfolio optimization model using a piecewise linear risk function is proposed. This model is similar to, but has several advantages over the classical Markowitz's quadratic risk model. First, it is much easier to generate an optimal portfolio since the problem to be solved is a linear program instead of a quadratic program. Second, integer constraints associated with real transaction can be incorporated without making the problem intractable. Third, it enables us to distinguish two distributions with the same first and second moment but with different third moment. Fourth, we can generate the capital-market line and derive CAPM type equilibrium relations. We compared the piecewise linear risk model with the quadratic risk model using historical data of Tokyo Stock Market, whose results partly support the claims stated above.
Evaluation of Intraperitoneal [18F]-FDOPA Administration for Micro-PET Imaging in Mice and Assessment of the Effect of Subchronic Ketamine Dosing on Dopamine Synthesis Capacity

Positron emission tomography (PET) using the radiotracer [18F]-FDOPA provides a tool for studying brain dopamine synthesis capacity in animals and humans. We have previously standardised a micro-PET methodology in mice by intravenously administering [18F]-FDOPA via jugular vein cannulation and assessment of striatal dopamine synthesis capacity, indexed as the influx rate constant KiMod of [18F]-FDOPA, using an extended graphical Patlak analysis with the cerebellum as a reference region. This enables a direct comparison between preclinical and clinical output values. However, chronic intravenous catheters are technically difficult to maintain for longitudinal studies. Hence, in this study, intraperitoneal administration of [18F]-FDOPA was evaluated as a less-invasive alternative that facilitates longitudinal imaging. Our experiments comprised the following assessments: (i) comparison of [18F]-FDOPA uptake between intravenous and intraperitoneal radiotracer administration and optimisation of the time window used for extended Patlak analysis, (ii) comparison of KiMod in a within-subject design of both administration routes, (iii) test-retest evaluation of KiMod in a within-subject design of intraperitoneal radiotracer administration, and (iv) validation of KiMod estimates by comparing the two administration routes in a mouse model of hyperdopaminergia induced by subchronic ketamine. Our results demonstrate that intraperitoneal [18F]-FDOPA administration resulted in good brain uptake, with no significant effect of administration route on KiMod estimates (intraperitoneal: 0.024 ± 0.0047 min−1, intravenous: 0.022 ± 0.0041 min−1, p = 0.42) and similar coefficient of variation (intraperitoneal: 19.6%; intravenous: 18.4%). The technique had a moderate test-retest validity (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.52, N = 6) and thus supports longitudinal studies. Following subchronic ketamine administration, elevated KiMod as compared to control condition was measured with a large effect size for both methods (intraperitoneal: Cohen's d = 1.3; intravenous: Cohen's d = 0.9), providing further evidence that ketamine has lasting effects on the dopamine system, which could contribute to its therapeutic actions and/or abuse liability.
Numerical Simulation Study on Lining Damage of Shield Tunnel under Train Load

Under the long-term dynamic load influence of trains, shield tunnel structures are damaged. With the increase in operating number, cumulative damage gradually increases. When cumulative damage increases to a certain value, the tunnel lining produces cracks and loses tensile strength, which leads to tunnel deformation, damage, etc. In serious cases, the tunnel ceases operation, causing traffic accidents and casualties. Based on the finite element software ABAQUS, this paper analyses the change rule of tunnel lining damage under long-term dynamic train load and explores the influence of tunnel buried depth on the change rule of tunnel lining damage. The excitation force function is used to generate a series of dynamic and static loads superimposed by sine functions to simulate the dynamic loads of trains. Load is applied above the tunnel by writing DLOAD subprogram. The results show that the damage of tunnel lining mainly occurs at the arch foot and the structural damage in other places can be neglected. Under the same loading condition, the greater the tunnel lining damage is. Under the same loading conditions, the tunnel lining damage increases with the increase in buried depth. According to the test results, the mathematical expressions of cumulative damage value versus loading times at the location prone to fatigue damage. It provides theoretical reference for safety evaluation and protection of tunnel structure under long-term train load.
‘To engage or not to’: translating civic education to civic engagement

ABSTRACT This paper draws from a broader study on citizenship education in Western Uganda to explain how civic education knowledge translates into civic engagement through people’s lived experiences. The paper addresses two questions, that is the contextual understandings of civic education and civic engagement by the partner NGO. Secondly, what explains people’s decision to engage or not to engage. We employed critical research methodologies with multiple data collection methods as a means of empowering rural community members to dialogue with stakeholders in civic education. We present the findings based on three themes, that is rationality, power dynamics, and mutual interests. We draw on Rational Choice Theory to theorise reasons for civic engagement. We particularly argue that drivers for and against civic engagement are largely individual and driven by assumed benefits and losses. Individual assumptions can also translate to group or larger social conclaves based on common drivers, beliefs and interests. We conclude by noting that actors in civic education and awareness programmes ought to note that civic engagement is rooted in individual rationality albeit contextual.
Development of Improved Groundnut Varieties for Dietary Upliftment among Households in Homa Bay County, Kenya

Low dietary diversity is one of the major causes of malnutrition in Kenya. As a result, the government of Kenya and its partners have promoted the uptake of plant based legumes such as Improved Groundnut Varieties to offer solution to the rising cases of poor nutrition. Understanding the impact of Improved Groundnut Varieties on dietary diversity is critical but evidence shows that it’s not yet explored. This study sought to estimate the impact of Improved Groundnut Varieties (IGVs) on dietary diversity among smallholder farmers in Homa Bay County, Kenya. The study used multi-stage sampling procedure where the sub-counties and wards were purposively selected. The villages and respondents were selected using simple random sampling. Cross-sectional data was collected through interview schedules on a random sampling of 384 households. Both descriptive statistics and econometric methods, Propensity Score Matching method were used. The results pointed out that Improved Groundnut Varieties had a positive and significant impact on the diets of the farmers. Households cultivating IGVs had better dietary diversity non-adopters. Overally, this study recommends sensitization of farmers to adopt IGVs and the need for the government to facilitate extension service provision, trainings and access to credit to increase yields and incomes. Again, the study recommends formation of farmers groups that are business hubs as opposed to social welfare to enhance bargaining power and access to inputs and outputs market. Additionally, there is need for intersectoral collaboration between agriculture and health sector to sensitize farmers on the importance of diversifying diets and consuming the crops grown in the farms.
Nonlinear coupler operating on Werner-like states—entanglement creation, its enhancement, and preservation

We discuss a model of two nonlinear Kerr-like oscillators, mutually coupled and excited by parametric process. We show that the system’s evolution, starting from Werner-like states, remains closed within a small set of two-mode n-photon states and that a pure two-qubit entangled state can be generated. For some initial Werner-like states, delayed entanglement generation can be observed. We investigate the influence of two damping mechanisms on the system’s evolution. We show that, for both cases, entanglement can survive despite the presence of damping, and that the effects of sudden entanglement death and its rebirth can appear in the system.
Thermo-diffusion effect on magnetohydrodynamics flow of fractional Casson fluid with heat generation and first order chemical reaction over a vertical plate

Analytical solution of thermo diffusion effect on magnetohydrodynamics flow of fractionalized Cassonfluid over a vertical plate immersed in a porous media is obtained. Moreover, in the model of the problem, additional effects, like a chemical reaction, heat source/sink, and thermal radiation are also considered.The model is solved by three approaches, namely, Atangana-Baleanu, Caputo-Fabrizio, and Caputo fractionalderivative of non-integer order γ. The governing dimensionless equations for temperatures, concentrations,and velocities are solved using Laplace transform method and compared graphically. The effects of different parameters like fractional parameter γ, Thermo diffusion Sr, and magnetic parameter M are discussedthrough numerous graphs. Furthermore, comparisons among ordinary and fractionalized velocity fields arealso drawn. It is found that the velocity obtained with Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative is less than thatobtained by Caputo, Caputo-Fabrizio, or ordinary derivatives.
Morphology and structure of extremely red objects at z ∼ 1 in the CANDELS-COSMOS field

Using high-resolution HST/Wide Field Camera 3 F125W imaging from the CANDELS-COSMOS field, we report the structural and morphological properties of extremely red objects (EROs) at z ∼ 1. Based on the UVJ color criteria, we separate EROs into two types: old passive galaxies (OGs) and dusty star-forming galaxies (DGs). For a given stellar mass, we find that the mean size of OGs (DGs) is smaller by a factor of ∼ 2 (1.5) than that of present-day early-type (late-type) galaxies at a rest-frame optical wavelength. We derive the average effective radii of OGs and DGs, corresponding to 2.09 ± 1.13 kpc and 3.27 ± 1.14 kpc, respectively. Generally, the DGs are heterogeneous, with mixed features including bulges, disks and irregular structures, with relatively high M20, large size and low G. By contrast, OGs have elliptical-like compact morphologies with lower M20, smaller size and higher G, indicating a more concentrated and symmetric spatial extent of the stellar population distribution in OGs than DGs. These findings imply that OGs and DGs have different evolutionary processes, and that the minor merger scenario is the most likely mechanism for the structural properties of OGs. However, the size evolution of DGs is possibly due to the secular evolution of galaxies.
Towards a resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt law at high redshift

Massive galaxies in the distant Universe form stars at much higher rates than today. Although direct resolution of the star forming regions of these galaxies is still a challenge, recent molecular gas observations at the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer enable us to study the star formation efficiency on subgalactic scales around redshift z = 1.2. We present a method for obtaining the gas and star formation rate (SFR) surface densities of ensembles of clumps composing galaxies at this redshift, even though the corresponding scales are not resolved. This method is based on identifying these structures in position-velocity diagrams corresponding to slices within the galaxies. We use unique IRAM observations of the CO(3–2) rotational line and DEEP2 spectra of four massive star forming distant galaxies – EGS13003805, EGS13004291, EGS12007881, and EGS13019128 in the AEGIS terminology – to determine the gas and SFR surface densities of the identifiable ensembles of clumps that constitute them. The integrated CO line luminosity is assumed to be directly proportional to the total gas mass, and the SFR is deduced from the [OII] line. We identify the ensembles of clumps with the angular resolution available in both CO and [OII] spectroscopy; i.e., 1–1.5′′. SFR and gas surface densities are averaged in areas of this size, which is also the thickness of the DEEP2 slits and of the extracted IRAM slices, and we derive a spatially resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relation on a scale of ~8 kpc. The data generally indicates an average depletion time of 1.9 Gyr, but with significant variations from point to point within the galaxies.
The Potential Application of Human Gingival Fibroblast-Conditioned Media in Pulp Regeneration: An In Vitro Study

Regenerative endodontic treatment based on tissue engineering has recently gained interest in contemporary restorative dentistry. However, low survival rates and poor potential differentiation of stem cells could undermine the success rate of pulp regenerative therapy. Human gingival fibroblast-conditioned medium (hGF-CM) has been considered a potential therapy for tissue regeneration due to its stability in maintaining multiple factors essential for tissue regeneration compared to live cell transplantation. This study aimed to investigate the potency of hGF-CM on stem cells from human dental pulp (DPSC) in pulp regeneration. A series of experiments confirmed that hGF-CM contributes to a significant increase in proliferation, migration capability, and cell viability of DPSC after H2O2 exposure. Moreover, it has been proved to facilitate the odontogenic differentiation of DPSC via qRT-PCR, ALP (alkaline phosphatase), and ARS (Alizarin Red S) staining. It has been discovered that such highly upregulated odontogenesis is related to certain types of ECM proteins (collagen and laminin) from hGF-CM via proteomics. In addition, it is found that the ERK pathway is a key mechanism via inhibition assay based on RNA-seq result. These findings demonstrate that hGF-CM could be beneficial biomolecules for pulp regeneration.
Theory of polarization enhancement in epitaxial BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices

The spontaneous polarization of epitaxial BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices is studied as a function of composition using first-principles density-functional theory within the local density approximation. With the in-plane lattice parameter fixed to that of bulk SrTiO3, the computed superlattice polarization is enhanced above that of bulk BaTiO3 for superlattices with BaTiO3 fraction larger than 40%. In contrast to their bulk paraelectric character, the SrTiO3 layers are found to be tetragonal and polar, possessing nearly the same polarization as the BaTiO3 layers. General electrostatic arguments elucidate the origin of the polarization in the SrTiO3 layers, with important implications for other nanostructured ferroelectrics.