Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure of the breeding bird assemblage of a primaeval beech-fir forest in the Šrámková National Nature Reserve, the Malá Fatra Mts

The structure of a breeding bird assemblage of a primeval beech-fir forest in the Malá Fatra Mts, the Western Carpathians was studied in the period 1997–2001. A 27.5 ha (500 × 550 m) forest interior study plot was established for bird censusing. Population abundances were estimated by means of an improved version of the mapping method from April to mid-July. Altogether, 57 bird species (52 breeders) were recorded within the reserve during the 5-year period. Of these, 48 species bred in the study plot reaching a mean density of 58.17 ± 3.60 pairs/10 ha (CV = 6.18%). The year assemblage densities varied between 52.15–61.20 BP/10 ha. The Shannon diversity index (H′) varied between 4.10–4.36 bites. The evenness index (J ′) reached values between 0.78– 0.82. The year rarefaction estimates [E (S100 pairs)] were 22.77–25.16 species. The year rarefaction estimates on area [E (S10 ha)] varied between 19.46–21.30 species. Bird species diversity was comparable to other mixed primeval stands in the Western Carpathians e.g. Dobroč and Badín reserves. In total, seven species were characterized as dominant (≥ 5%): Fringilla coelebs, Erithacus rubecula, Sylvia atricapilla, Parus ater, Phylloscopus collybita, Regulus regulus, and Prunella modularis. The species structure and relative abundance of the bird assemblage showed high temporal stability. Major differences were found in assemblage composition in comparison to the past survey in the reserve. A serious need for reevaluation and new rigorously designed quantitative inventory surveys of the Slovak reserve network is stressed.
EFFECT OF BREED, BODY CONDITION SCORE AND AGE ON SOME ECONOMIC TRAITS OF LOCAL FLOCKS EWES

This study aimed to estimate the effect of breed, Body Condition Score (BCS) and age on some economic traits of local flock’s ewes. The ewes studied in the present investigation represent three local breeds (53 karadi, 44 Awassi and 47 Mamesh) bred in Erbil plain during the period from January/ 2009 to June /2010.The results showed a highly significant breed effect (p <0.01) on all the studied traits. Mamesh ewes surpassed both Karadi and Awassi ewes in milk yield (102.269, 88.254 and 92.684 kg), respectively, besides the lambs of the same breed were superior in birth weight (4.885kg) and weaning weight (27.612kg) compared with karadi and Awassi lambs. Greasy fleece weights of the Karadi, Awassi and Mamesh ewes were 2.220, 1.829 and 2.585kg respectively. The superiority of Mamesh ewes were found to be highly significant (p <0.01). The study also revealed that the (BCS) exerts an important effect on milk yield, greasy fleece weight and birth weight. Ewes with (BCS) 4 showed a higher milk yield (102.883kg) as comparing with ewes having (BCS) 3(95.083kg) and that having (BCS) 2 (86.391kg) . Correlation coefficient highly significant (p <0.01) between birth weight and milk yield was 0.32and between birth weight and weaning weight was 0.38and between ewes body weight and greasy fleece weight was 0.43.
UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ School of Business and Economics THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE USE OF CONTACTLESS PAYMENTS

Author Roope Luomala Title The factors affecting the use of contactless payments Subject Marketing Type of degree Master’s Thesis Time of publication 2016 Number of pages 52 + appendices Abstract Mobile technology has become a significant part of our everyday life. The technology develops rapidly and in the past few years numerous of companies have made payments possible trough mobile equipments. The most used technology for conducting such a payments is called near field communication (NFC), which enables fast and convenient payments using countless of different instruments for paying. The objective of this research is to shed light on the use of contactless payments via NFC. To achieve the objective we explored the factors that might have influence on intention to use and use of contactless payments. Thus, the research questions are: IsMobile technology has become a significant part of our everyday life. The technology develops rapidly and in the past few years numerous of companies have made payments possible trough mobile equipments. The most used technology for conducting such a payments is called near field communication (NFC), which enables fast and convenient payments using countless of different instruments for paying. The objective of this research is to shed light on the use of contactless payments via NFC. To achieve the objective we explored the factors that might have influence on intention to use and use of contactless payments. Thus, the research questions are: Is there significant relationship between the chosen factors and continuous use of contactless payments? How do the chosen factors affect the continuous use of contactless payments? The theoretical background of this research lies strongly on the UTAUT2 model by Venkatesh et al. (2012). In our research we modify the initial UTAUT2 by adding there constructs that are noticed in prior literature to have influence on customer’s behaving. The added constructs are perceived risk, overall satisfaction, affective engagement, cognitive engagement and commitment. The constructs adopted from UTAUT2 model are habit, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, intention to use and use. Because we wanted to explore the relationships between the constructs, a quantitative research method was used. The data of 1165 respondents was first analyzed in SPSS Statistic 22 program and the further and deeper analysis was made via SmartPLS 2.0. The questionnaire was developed by using existing and according to the prior literature relevant questions and scaling. The results of the study indicate that habit has very strong influence on the use of contactless payments. The findings of prior literature in technology acceptance context in general have also discussed about the strong role of habit. Hence, our research supports such statements. However, if habit is removed from the model, the impact of intention to use grows significantly. Overall, the study enhances the understanding of customer technology acceptance in payment context.
Development of a Customer Loyalty System

Due to rapid global economic growth, the competition within markets has increased, requiring organizations to acquire and sustain a competitive advantage in today's informationbased on digital business environment. Organizations must take more creative steps in their use of information technology to make their business more attractive to customers rather than their competitors. Loyalty programs are a prime example of keeping a competitive edge in today’s market. The success of these programs rely on keeping track of the activities and accounts of many, perhaps even millions of customers, which would not be without a customer loyalty system. Thus, this paper introduces the development of a customer loyalty system which can compute, generate, and provide reports to the business stakeholders concerning their work, customers, and their market share (growth). Managers can then easily learn how to use this system and integrate it within their other business applications.
Phenotypic and molecular identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli in healthy broiler at the west region of Iran

Aim: The presence of fecal carriers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes in poultry is worrisome because it is likely to spread to a human being. This study was proposed to estimate the frequency of ESBLs carriers in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broiler’s gut in west of Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 fecal samples were collected from apparently healthy broiler. E. coli strains were isolated, confirmed molecularly and studied using disk combination method, antimicrobial susceptibility test and ESBL-detection polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Results: Two hundred and eighty five strains of E. coli were isolated biochemically and all were confirmed in a species-specific PCR reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility test on 156 ESBL-producing E. coli identified by phenotypic method revealed that 100 % of them were resistant to at least one antibiotic, while all were sensitive to imipenem. The prevalence of blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV genes was 52.63%, 38.59%, and 30.17% respectively. The simultaneous existence of several ESBL genes was identified in 52.61% of the isolates. Conclusions: The vast prevalence of ESBL carriers with multiple resistance in poultry is a threat to public health. Consistent monitoring and proper use of antibiotics in the region’s poultry industry should be applied.
Prevalence of Ruminants Gastro-Intestinal Parasites in Kirkuk province, Iraq

The present study was established on the slaughtered ruminants in Kirkuk central abattoir between June 1 st till December, 31 st 2015. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites (GIP s ) of slaughtered grazing ruminants in Kirkuk province. Fresh faecal specimens (n=276) were obtained from slaughtered grazing ruminants (85 sheep, 71 goats and 120 Cattle) in Kirkuk province. The investigational processing represented as direct and concentration methods were carried out using faecal direct smear, flotation and sedimentation protocol to investigate the fecal specimens to determine eggs/oocysts/trophozoites of the parasites. The obtained data showed that overall prevalence of GIP s among slaughtered ruminants was 78.98%. Six different GIP s species were recognized in the present study, namely: Haemonchus contortus , Strongyloides papillosus , Trichuris spp. Ostertagia spp. , Entodinium caudatum , and Eimeria spp. The highest prevalence of GIP s was among goats (91.55%). While, lowest infections was observed among cattle (69.17%). The highest recorded results was Eimeria spp. among adult goats (42.2%), followed by S. papillosus (28.6%) in young sheep. The lowest infection was 5.33% in adult cattle by Trichuris spp. By age groups, young and adult goats showed the most prevalence of GIP s with infection ratio of 93.33% and 88.46%, respectively. Data in the present study revealed that the GIP s prevalent rates among grazing ruminants in Kirkuk province was about 79%. Adult goats seem to be the most infected ruminants GIP s with Eimeria spp. , followed by young sheep with S. papillosus . This finding may be due to using unorganized traditional management systems in which huge numbers of the animals are kept together.
Association between Age Group and Perception towards ‘Women's Career Success and Barriers’1

The age factor plays a vital role in the perception of human beings on different issues. Regarding this, the main objective of this study is to examine the association between age group and perception of Nepali universities female teachers in the issues of women's career success and barriers such as individual factor, family factor, organizational factor, and socio-cultural factor. With judgmental sampling technique, only 202 responses were selected and usable out of 275 questionnaires distributed to female University teachers. This study has tested the reliability by using Cronbach alpha. Using likelihood ratio, it was found that there is only a significant association of agegroup and perception of female teachers in the issue of women’s career success but there is no significant association in the issues of individual factor, family factor, organizational factor, and socio-cultural factor. From this output, it concluded that perceptions of women university teachers are different with different age-group in the issue of women’s career success. This study could be useful for University/college management, trainers, and human resource developers to assist the career success of female university teachers.
A robust initialization method for accurate soil organic carbon simulations

Abstract. Changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are a major source of uncertainty for the evolution of atmospheric CO2 concentration during the 21st century. They are usually simulated by models dividing SOC into conceptual pools with contrasted turnover times. The lack of reliable methods to initialize these models, by correctly distributing soil carbon amongst their kinetic pools, strongly limits the accuracy of their simulations. Here, we demonstrate that PARTYsoc, a machine-learning model based on Rock-Eval® thermal analysis optimally partitions the active and stable SOC pools of AMG, a simple and well validated SOC dynamics model, accounting for effects of soil management history. Furthermore, we found that initializing the SOC pool sizes of AMG using machine-learning strongly improves its accuracy when reproducing the observed SOC dynamics in nine independent French long-term agricultural experiments. Our results indicate that multi-compartmental models of SOC dynamics combined with a robust initialization can simulate observed SOC stock changes with excellent precision. We recommend exploring their potential before a new generation of models of greater complexity becomes operational. The approach proposed here can be easily implemented on soil monitoring networks, paving the way towards precise predictions of SOC stock changes over the next decades.
Growth Performance and Haematological Indices of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus Burchell 1822) Fed Graded Levels of Processed Jatropha Curcas Leaf Meals in Southeastern Zone Of Nigeria

An experiment which lasted for twenty four (24) weeks was conducted to determine the growth response of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed processed Jatropha curcas leaf meal (JLM). Four experimental diets were formulated at 0%, 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% inclusion levels and at substitution levels of SBM at 0%, 3.5%, 7.0% and 10.5% to represent T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The fifth treatment group (T5) was the internationally made diet (coppens) which equally served as control. A total of six hundred (600) fingerlings were used for this study. They were replicated thrice given a total of fifteen treatment groups. Each treatment group contains fourty fingerlings that were given a particular diet based on five percent of their body weight. At the end of the trial the growth performance and the haematological indices were determined. The results showed that J. curcas leaf meal was able to improve the performance of African catfish fed the treatment diets. The response variables increased as the inclusion levels of J. curcas leaf meal increased to a certain level and were statistically different (p<0.05) in almost all the parameters evaluated. The haematological parameters showed that there was significant (p < 0.05) increase in the performance of those catfish fed the treatment diets. This however revealed that JLM did not show any detrimental effects but rather had some beneficial implications on the C. gariepinus. And finally, T3 performed better (p< 0.05) than the control diet in most of the parameters evaluated. Therefore indicating that J. curcas leaf meal could serve as a veritable source of protein ingredient in the diets of aquaculture that could help beat down cost of production.
The Plant-Level View of an Industrial Policy: The Korean Heavy Industry Drive of 1973

Does industrial policy work? This is a subject of long-standing debates among economists and policymakers. Using newly digitized microdata, we evaluate the Korean government’s policy that promoted heavy and chemical industries between 1973 and 1979 by cutting taxes and building new industrial complexes for them. We show that output, input use, and labor productivity of the targeted industries and regions grew significantly faster than those of non-targeted ones. While the plant-level total factor productivity also grew faster in targeted industries and regions, the misallocation of resources within them got significantly worse, especially among the entrants, so that the total factor productivity at the industry-region level did not increase relative to the non-targeted industries and regions. In addition, we provide new evidence on how industrial policy reshapes the economy: (i) The establishment size distribution of targeted industries and regions shifted to the right with thicker tails due to the entry of large establishments and (ii) the targeted industries became more important in the economy’s input-output structure in the sense that their output multipliers increased significantly more.
Salinity tolerances in crops and wild plants — and the effect of a root apoplastic barrier to radial oxygen loss on salt intrusion in rice

Salinity stress adversely affects plant productivity and yield and thus may represent vast losses to agricultural production worldwide. This study investigated whether wild plants are more tolerant of salinity than crops by analysing 62 published studies on responses to salinity in biomass and tissue salt concentrations. I found that increased salinity in the growth medium resulted in significantly increased accumulation of salt in shoots more so than in roots. While plants have different mechanisms to tolerate and combat the effects of salinity stress, salinity tolerances of crops and wild plants as a whole did not differ significantly. However, tolerances between several subgroups did. Halophytes had significantly higher salinity tolerances than other groups, but accumulate high concentrations of salt in the shoot, and may, therefore, be of interest for their high tissue tolerance. In contrast, rice had the lowest tolerance of all groups analysed. Through a preliminary experiment, the study identified a strong possibility of an exodermal apoplastic barrier in roots of rice contributing to ion exclusion. Ultimately, there is potential for engineering crops to be more tolerant of salinity.
Crude Oil Polluted Niger Delta Environment: Conservation Techniques for Survival

The environment is the home of man, and anything that affects it affects man. In exploration of crude oil in the Niger delta of Nigeria, there is abundant risk to man and his environment. From inception of crude oil exploration in Niger Delta in 1956 till date the soil, river, animals, fishes, man and the environment has suffered terribly as a result of on form of pollution or another. It has been observed among other things that the release of crude oil and refined petroleum products in terrestrial and aquatic environment results in long term threat to all forms of life. It has also been observed that the presence of crude oil and spent lubricating oil in the soil adversely affects the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of the soil. It has also been discovered that crude oil affect the germination, maturity and growth of crops. Crude pollution also destroys aquatic lives and incapacitates flying creatures. Majority of Niger Deltans depend on agriculture, therefore to survive there must be a conservation and remediation techniques. This work discovered that the most effective remediation techniques that can be used in the Niger Delta region include organic treatments and inorganic treatment. The available types of remediation include Physiochemical processes, Thermal processes, and Biological processes, Biodegradation, Bioremediation and Phytoremediation. The aforementioned remediation techniques will go a long way to improve the environment. However, the best form of oil exploration in Niger delta should be the one with zero pollution tolerance. Keyword: Contaminated soil, Crude oil, Niger delta, Oil pollution. Remediation and soil fertility. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited.
Analysing the Impact of Coaching on Teachers' and Students' Performance

The expansion of coaching in firms reflects its potential use as a tool to improve human capital and the firm itself. Nevertheless, coaching in secondary school students is lagging some way behind the practice, and there is a need to expand this kind of research of explaining how the coaching process proceeds and its outcomes. The objective of the paper is to report the pre-post programme result before the coaching process has begun. The sample consists of 47 form-six students and 26 teachers in one public school in Kuala Terengganu as a pilot project. Our results show that the students and teachers expect different expectations of the programme. These include obtaining good results in the exam, increasing students' motivation and confidence level, guiding the students in problem solving, and gaining various learning skills. We hope coaching will help the students improve their academic performance and help them self-coach to find the solutions.
KING STEPHEN’S REIGN: A REASSESSMENT OF THE NUMISMATIC EVIDENCE

It is well known that the English coinage, unified from the late tenth century under royal control, fractured into a series of official, irregular and baronial coin types during the reign of King Stephen (1135–54). This was caused by the arrival from Normandy in 1139 of Henry I’s daughter Matilda and her half-brother Earl Robert of Gloucester, which precipitated a civil war that lasted until 1153. The last major study of the coinage of Stephen’s reign was undertaken by Mark Blackburn in 1994.1 Despite his masterful survey of the numismatic corpus as it existed in the early 1990s, the increasing popularity of metal-detecting has expanded the volume and variety of the present corpus of these coins significantly. Therefore, an analysis of these new coins and the implications of this upon our existing understanding of the period is needed just two decades on. Stephen inherited a strong, centralised and long-established monetary system. The late Anglo-Saxon kings from Athelstan onwards enshrined in law that only officially-struck royal coins were to circulate within the territories under their control and they ensured that imported foreign coin were converted into English coin at the mints.2 King Edgar’s reform of the coinage in c. 973 saw a uniform design for all English coins. The obverse showed a standardised portrait of the king with his name around the circumference; the reverse displayed the name of the moneyer and the name of the mint. These designs were changed every few years, and there were to be over fifty changes of type between c. 973 and 1135.3 Henry I reduced the number of mints from 53–4 to 21 in 1125, and it appears that he had also decided to abandon the system of regular coin issues in favour of a fixed coin type in that year, for the remainder of his reign.4 To assist the king in his control of the coinage moneyers were responsible for running the mints. In 1153/4–58 there were approximately 100 moneyers across the kingdom striking Stephen’s type 7.5 The nature and effects of the breakdown of this system during Stephen’s reign are the matters that this article will investigate.