Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Narratives of Black Women STEM Faculty: Breaking Barriers to Promote Institutional Transformation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Women faculty at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), experience many barriers. HBCUs’ rich histories of advancing racial equity have often outweighed a focus on gender equity, with issues at the intersection of race and gender receiving minimal attention. This study highlights the need for institutional transformation at HBCUs by identifying the structural factors that promote and inhibit Black women STEM faculty advancement. Interviews (n=15) were conducted with HBCU Black women STEM faculty using the Life Interview approach. The three major themes related to barriers included: (a) greater likelihood of having their expertise questioned, (b) increased pressure to work harder, and (c) sexism, racism, and gendered racism. This study expands upon existing research in the literature by focusing on an understudied population, Black women STEM faculty at HBCUs. Findings suggest that to advance institutional transformation diversity, equity, and inclusion goals, colleges and universities must establish infrastructures that include supports of benefit to the professional advancement of all faculty.
Regional Human Resource Development in ASEAN: An Institutional Theory Perspective

With the growing influence of intergovernmental organizations such as the European Union and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the scope and complexity of human resource development (HRD) activities have expanded. Informed by an institutional theory perspective, we examined the evolution of HRD as well as HRD-related programs in ASEAN to illuminate the mechanisms and conditions shaping HRD in ASEAN. Our primary sources were archival data from ASEAN from 1967–2021 and relevant publications of international development agencies that feature HRD-related activities in the region. Our analysis suggests that the establishment of an intergovernmental organization (i.e., ASEAN), with its continuing efforts towards economic cooperation and community building among its member states, was central to the emergence and development of Regional HRD in Southeast Asia. This inquiry advances understanding of the role of intergovernmental institutions in influencing HRD activities. The study also showcases the critical role of HRD in furthering common interests around economic and socio-cultural initiatives in ASEAN.
Electrolyzer Performance Loss from Accelerated Stress Tests and Corresponding Changes to Catalyst Layers and Interfaces

Stress tests are developed for proton exchange membrane electrolyzers that utilize low catalyst loading, elevated potential, and frequent cycling with square- and triangle-waves to accelerate anode catalyst layer degradation during intermittent operation. Kinetics drive performance losses (ohmic/transport secondary) and are accompanied by decreasing exchange current density, decreasing cyclic voltammetric capacitance, and increasing polarization resistance. Decreased kinetics is likely due to a combination of iridium (Ir) migration into electrochemically inaccessible locations in the anode or membrane, Ir particle growth (supported by X-ray scattering), changes in the extent of the Ir oxidation state (supported by X-ray absorption spectroscopy), and anode catalyst layer reordering. Decreasing catalyst/transport layer contact and catalyst/membrane interfacial tearing may add contact resistances and account for increasing ohmic losses. Performance losses for low and moderate catalyst loading, as well as from accelerated and model wind/solar cycling protocols, were likewise dominated by kinetics but vary in severity. Accelerated cycling (1 cycle per minute) appears to reasonably accelerate relevant loss mechanisms and can be used to project electrolyzer lifetime from anode deterioration. Ongoing accelerated stress test development and studies into performance loss mechanisms will continue to be critical as electrolysis shifts to intermittent power and low-cost applications.
Detection of Biomarkers for Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition with Single-Cell Trajectory Inference.

BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recognized as playing a crucial role in cancer progression. Among the studies on EMT, biomarker detection has been one of the important topics to understand the biology and mechanism of EMT related to tumor progression and treatment resistance. The existing methods often identified differentially-expressed genes as potential markers by ranking all genes by their variances. This paper proposes a novel method to detect markers for respective lineages in the EMT process. METHODS AND RESULTS Our method consists of three steps: first, perform trajectory inference to identify the lineage of transitional processes in EMT progression, and secondly, identify the lineage for EMT reversion in addition to EMT progression, and thirdly detect biomarkers for both of the EMT progression and reversion lineages with differential expression analysis. Furthermore, to elucidate the heterogeneity of the EMT process, we performed a clustering analysis of the cells in the EMT progression and reversion conditions. We then explored branching trajectories that order clusters using time information of the time-course samples. Using this method, we successfully detected two potential biomarkers related to EMT, phospholipid phosphatase 4 (PLPP4) and lymphotoxin-beta (LTB), which have not been detected by the existing method. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we propose a method for the detection of biomarkers of EMT based on trajectory inference with single-cell RNA-seq data. The performance of the method is demonstrated by the detection of potential biomarkers related to EMT.
Efficacy of Cognitive Therapy on the Management of Psychological Distress among Adolescents with Hearing Impairment in Oyo State

This study investigated the efficacy of Cognitive Therapy (CT) on the managementof Psychological Distress (PD) among adolescents with hearingimpairment in Oyo State. The pretest-posttest control group, quasi experimentalresearch design was employed. A total of 53 adolescents with hearingimpairment from three integrated secondary schools in two senatorial districtsof Oyo State were purposively selected for the study. Kesler PsychologicalDistress Scale with the index score of 19 and above was the screeningtool used to determine the adolescents with PD. Participants were randomlyassigned to CT (31) and control (22) groups. The treatment lasted 10 weeks.Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (r=0.71), Rosenberg Self-esteem,Rating (r=0.58) and Kesler Psychological Distress (r=0.63) scales were usedfor data collection. Data collected were analysed using Analysis of Covarianceand Bonferronni post-hoc test at 0.05 level of significance. Results showedthat participants in the CT group managed their PD better than those in thecontrol group. Participants with high self-esteem benefitted from the treatmentthan those with moderate and low self-esteem. Based on these findings,special educators, counselling and clinical psychologists and social workersare advised to use the therapy to manage psychological distress among adolescentswith hearing impairment.
Adopting combined feed forward solution in HVM fab to improve on product overlay

As 3D NAND advanced technology moves to increasingly denser storage capacity, the film stacks required to create these devices correspondingly increase in quantity and height, creating additional manufacturing and yield challenges. This is especially true for photolithography and specifically for on-product overlay (OPO) control. [1] Multiple sources of process variation impacting overlay need to be considered, controlled, and optimized to yield functional products: complex alignment and overlay schemes, etch tilt effect for deep, high aspect ratio contact etch processes, high order in-die stress overlay, and more. Traditional lithography feedback control is insufficient to cover all these sources of process variation and requires a potentially high Pi-run rate and rework rate, which in turn results in higher costs and lower revenues. Generally, data feedforward is the right solution to handle large lot-to-lot (LxL) overlay process variation. However, as more variation factors interact in the 3D NAND manufacturing processes, a simple feed-forward methodology is insufficient to keep OPO in spec. One critical challenge is that when the alignment and overlay reference layer are not the same, feed-forward will over-correct based on alignment [2]. Further, as other sources of variation may come from different layers and components, feed-forward from only one single layer becomes inadequate for accurate, robust, and optimal OPO control. In this work, we deploy a methodology and corresponding system to provide a feed-forward solution for critical layers. With a workflow from the latest generation 5D Analyzer® data analytics solution, inline OPO is simulated with this new feed-forward strategy. A run-to-run (R2R) system is deployed and validated in a real manufacturing production line. Finally, we observed inline OPO results have improved 50%, and the rework rate has been reduced to <10%.
Man versus machine: on artificial intelligence and hedge funds performance

ABSTRACT Employing partially hand-collected data, sample hedge funds are formed into four categories depending on their level of automation. We find that hedge funds with the highest level of automation outperform other hedge funds with more reliance on human involvement. Also, we find that a man versus machine zero-cost strategy that is long hedge funds portfolio with highest level of automation and short those with highest level of human involvement yields a highly significant spread of at least 50 basis points per month. We conclude that automation plays an important role in the profitability of the hedge fund industry.
Use of Artificial Intelligence-Based Strategies for Assessing Suicidal Behavior and Mental Illness: A Literature Review

Mental illness leading to suicide attempts is prevalent in a large portion of the population especially in low and middle-income nations. There remains a significant social stigma associated with mental illness that can lead to stigmatization of patients. Hence, patients are reluctant to communicate their problems to health care providers. Physicians have difficulty in timely identification of patients at risk for suicide. Novel and rigorously designed strategies are needed to determine the population at risk for suicide. This would be the first step in overcoming the multitude of barriers in the management of mental illness. Clinical tools and the use of electronic medical records (EMR) are time intensive. Recently, several artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive technologies have gained momentum. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent advances in this landscape.
Field-Based Assessment of Jump Landing Mechanics following Participation in Traditional versus Plyometric Lower Extremity Injury Prevention Programs

8 Introduction . 10 Methods . 13 Design . 13 Participants . 14 Instrumentation . 15 Experimental Procedures . 17 Muscle Fatigue Protocol . 20 Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) . 22 Lower Extremity Injury Prevention Exercise Protocols . 27 Statistical Analysis . 31 Results . 32 Hip Abduction Strength Measures . 34 Closed Kinetic Chain (CKC) Leg Press . 35 Less Test Scores . 35 Discussion . 39 Conclusions . 52
A Non-Intrusive Identification Method of Harmonic Source Loads for Industrial Users

Existing non-intrusive load identification methods face with the difficulty of being applied to industrial users whose operation and ON/OFF status are hard to be acquired. Focusing on the above challenge, this paper proposes a non-intrusive identification method of harmonic source loads for industrial users. Utilizing Clarke transform, an equation with respect to voltage and current is formulated to calculate the integrated equivalent impedance, which is then decomposed with the improved complex local mean decomposition (CLMD) and complex fast independent component analysis (C-FastICA) achieving non-intrusive separation of the equivalent impedance signals of individual branches. The separated impedance signals will be used as the basis for load type identification. The proposed method is validated by numerical simulations as well as actual three-phase voltage and current monitoring data. The case study shows that it can effectively identify the types of harmonic source loads while being resistant to noise and impacts of sampling accuracy and diverse load capacities, which obviously demonstrates its practical applicability.
Effects of reducing postprandial hyperglycemia and metabolism of acetate wheat starch on healthy mice

Recently, the acetate wheat starch (AWS) has been prepared by acetylation with an acetyl content of 2.42%, containing of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) with 25.0%; 22.9% and 34.5%, respectively. In this study, this kind of starch was continuously evaluated with the postprandial blood glucose response and determined short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolized from AWS in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy mice by HPLC. The result showed that the mice fed with AWS exhibited a very limited increase in blood glucose level and remained stable for 2 hours after meals efficiently comparing with the control group fed with natural wheat starch (NWS). Simultaneously, the content of SCFAs produced in the caecum of the mice fed with AWS was significantly higher than mice fed with NWS, especially with acetic and propionic acids by 28% and 26%, respectively. Thus, AWS has shown to limit the postprandial hyperglycemia in mice effectively through the resistance to amylase hydrolysis in the small intestine. When going into the caecum, it is fermented to form SCFAs providing a part of energy for the body’s activities, avoiding rotten fermentation causing digestive disorders which are inherent restrictions of normal high cellulose and fiber food.
p97/UBXD1 Generate Ubiquitylated Proteins That Are Sequestered into Nuclear Envelope Herniations in Torsin-Deficient Cells

DYT1 dystonia is a debilitating neurological movement disorder that arises upon Torsin ATPase deficiency. Nuclear envelope (NE) blebs that contain FG-nucleoporins (FG-Nups) and K48-linked ubiquitin are the hallmark phenotype of Torsin manipulation across disease models of DYT1 dystonia. While the aberrant deposition of FG-Nups is caused by defective nuclear pore complex assembly, the source of K48-ubiquitylated proteins inside NE blebs is not known. Here, we demonstrate that the characteristic K48-ubiquitin accumulation inside blebs requires p97 activity. This activity is highly dependent on the p97 adaptor UBXD1. We show that p97 does not significantly depend on the Ufd1/Npl4 heterodimer to generate the K48-ubiquitylated proteins inside blebs, nor does inhibiting translation affect the ubiquitin sequestration in blebs. However, stimulating global ubiquitylation by heat shock greatly increases the amount of K48-ubiquitin sequestered inside blebs. These results suggest that blebs have an extraordinarily high capacity for sequestering ubiquitylated protein generated in a p97-dependent manner. The p97/UBXD1 axis is thus a major factor contributing to cellular DYT1 dystonia pathology and its modulation represents an unexplored potential for therapeutic development.
Gendered Experiences of Parent–Child Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues: A Qualitative Study Employing Community-Based Participatory Methods among Primary Caregivers and Community Stakeholders in Rural South-Western Uganda

Open and positive parent–child communication about sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is known to reduce negative SRH outcomes for young people. However, socio-cultural influences can inhibit meaningful SRH communication. Restrictive gender norms threaten the SRH of adolescents, as they make adolescent boys more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior and make girls more vulnerable to negative SRH outcomes. This study intended to critically understand the impact of gender norms and expectations on parent–child SRH communication in rural south-western Uganda. Methods: The study adopted a community-based participatory approach using community stakeholder engagement meetings (n = 2), in-depth interviews (n = 12), and three focus group discussions with parents (n = 18). The study considered biological parents, step-parents, grandparents, uncles and aunties, as long as they were primary caregivers of adolescents aged 10–14. Results: Participants elaborated on the socio-cultural aspects that shaped their experiences of parent–child SRH communication such as cultural gender norms, religion, and media influences. They also referred to socio-economic challenges, lack of knowledge, and the role of peers and schools. Conclusions: There is need for community-based interventions to improve parent–child SRH communication to address the deeply rooted cultural and gender contexts in rural south-western Uganda.
Playing Chess or Painting Pictures? Unpacking Entrepreneurial Intuition

We present a longitudinal, empirical study of the entrepreneurial opportunity development process, focused specifically on intuition in multiple forms. By following the opportunity development process for several participants over a two-year period, we were able to extract empirical instances of various types of intuition applied to the development of entrepreneurial opportunities. We found that the entrepreneurs in the study used at least four distinct types of intuition: problem-solving, creative, social, and temporal. Of these, we propose temporal intuition as a type not yet discussed in extant literature, while the others have not previously been studied in the entrepreneurial context. There are strong connections between these various aspects of intuition, and we discuss how the four types interact in a dynamic, unfolding process we tentatively define as opportunity intuition.
Performance study of terrestrial multi-hop OFDM FSO communication systems with pointing errors over turbulence channels

Abstract The free-space optical communication systems attract significant research and commercial interest the last few years, due to their high performance and reliability characteristics along with their, relatively, low installation and operational cost. Moreover, due to the fact that these systems are using the atmosphere as propagation path, their performance is varying according to its characteristics. Here, we present the performance analysis of a serially relayed radio-on-free-space-optical (RoFSO) communication system which employs the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technique, with a quadrature amplitude modulation scheme, over atmospheric turbulence channels modelled by either the Gamma–Gamma or the Gamma distribution model. For this RoFSO communication link, we derive closed-form mathematical expressions for the estimation of its average bit error rate and outage probability, taking into account the relays’ number, the atmospheric turbulence and the pointing errors effect. Furthermore, for realistic parameter values, numerical results are presented using the derived mathematical expressions, which are verified through the corresponding numerical simulations.
Infrageneric Plastid Genomes of Cotoneaster (Rosaceae): Implications for the Plastome Evolution and Origin of C. wilsonii on Ulleung Island

Cotoneaster is a taxonomically and ornamentally important genus in the family Rosaceae; however, phylogenetic relationships among its species are complicated owing to insufficient morphological diagnostic characteristics and hybridization associated with polyploidy and apomixis. In this study, we sequenced the complete plastomes of seven Cotoneaster species (C. dielsianus, C. hebephyllus, C. integerrimus, C. mongolicus, C. multiflorus, C. submultiflorus, and C. tenuipes) and included the available complete plastomes in a phylogenetic analysis to determine the origin of C. wilsonii, which is endemic to Ulleung Island, Korea. Furthermore, based on 15 representative lineages within the genus, we carried out the first comparative analysis of Cotoneaster plastid genomes to gain an insight into their molecular evolution. The plastomes were highly conserved, with sizes ranging from 159,595 bp (C. tenuipes) to 160,016 bp (C. hebephyllus), and had a GC content of 36.6%. The frequency of codon usage showed similar patterns among the 15 Cotoneaster species, and 24 of the 35 protein-coding genes were predicted to undergo RNA editing. Eight of the 76 common protein-coding genes, including ccsA, matK, ndhD, ndhF, ndhK, petA, rbcL, and rpl16, were positively selected, implying their potential roles in adaptation and speciation. Of the 35 protein-coding genes, 24 genes (15 photosynthesis-related, seven self-replications, and three others) were found to harbor RNA editing sites. Furthermore, several mutation hotspots were identified, including trnG-UCC/trnR-UCU/atpA and trnT-UGU/trnL-UAA. Maximum likelihood analysis based on 57 representative plastomes of Cotoneaster and two Heteromeles plastomes as outgroups revealed two major lineages within the genus, which roughly correspond to two subgenera, Chaenopetalum and Cotoneaster. The Ulleung Island endemic, C. wilsonii, shared its most recent common ancestor with two species, C. schantungensis and C. zabelii, suggesting its potential origin from geographically close members of the subgenus Cotoneaster, section Integerrimi.
A Survey of Research on the Effect of CEO Dominance and CEO Characteristics on Capital Structure

In this study, we outline papers connecting firms' capital structure to CEO dominance and CEO power. Most papers examining how the choice of capital structure is influenced by one or several specific variables related to the CEO. Whether the impact on changes in leverage on firm performance depends on CEO dominance is the focus on this paper. Research generally shows that entrenched CEOs will have an impact on a company's capital structure and lead to low levels of leverage. Our study aims to summarize some existing research and propose some possible future research directions to help researchers come up with new ideas and possible advances.
A Socioecological Perspective of How Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour at Home Changed during the First Lockdown of COVID-19 Restrictions: The HomeSPACE Project

The COVID-19 pandemic forced school closures, resulting in home schooling, more time spent at home and fewer opportunities for physical activity (PA). This study explored factors influencing PA and sedentary behaviours (SB) within the home environment during the first lockdown, starting in March 2020. Twenty semi-structured interviews (20 parents and 23 children, 12 years ± 1.25) were conducted. Data were coded using thematic analysis on NVivo© and concepts from McLeroy’s socioecological model for health promotion were used to analyse the data. Findings indicate that children’s PA and SB at home were influenced by: (i) individual-level factors (e.g., gender, competence, attitudes and motivation); (ii) interpersonal-level factors (e.g., siblings, parents, pets, friends and coaches); (iii) organisation-level factors (e.g., school, clubs and societies), (iv) community-level factors (e.g., home and local environment, access to facilities, social norms, time constraints and home equipment), and (v) policy-level factors (e.g., lockdown restrictions). Stay-at-home mandates resulted in perceived reductions in PA and increases in SB within the home; however, this provided alternative positive opportunities for families, including more time to spend together and exploring green and blue spaces in the local area.