Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soil Chemical and Biological Activities under Vegetable Intensive Colocasia-based Cropping System in Indian Sub-Himalayas

ABSTRACT Lack of crop diversification with suitable vegetable-based cropping system is a major constraint in limiting the productivity and sustainability of north-western Indian sub-Himalayas. To find out a sustainable vegetable-based cropping system in this region, a three year colocasia-based vegetable intensive experiment was conducted at Hawalbagh, Almora, India in a sandy clay loam soil under sub-temperate climatic conditions. Seven colocasia-based vegetable cropping systems along with rice–wheat system were compared under recommended package and practices. The system productivity in terms of colocasia equivalent yield was highest under colocasia–onion–frenchbean (52.38 Mg ha−1) system. Sustainable yield index was highest with colocasia–gardenpea–frenchbean system (0.86). After 3 years, total soil organic carbon (0–5%), available N (2–22%), P (–7% to 14%) and K (3–15%) concentrations were increased in all cropping systems except rice–wheat system, where negative balance of available P (7%) was observed over that of initial soil. Significantly higher soil microbial activity, soil carbohydrate, dehydrogenase, protease, acid and alkaline phosphatases activity were observed under colocasia–onion system. The results suggest that colocasia–onion–frenchbean system with higher productivity improves soil fertility and enhances enzymatic activities.
Accelerated aging for evaluation of vigor in Brachiaria brizantha ‘Xaraés’ seeds

Abstract: The aim of this study was to adjust the accelerated aging test to evaluate the physiological potential of seed lots of Brachiaria brizantha ‘Xaraés’, represented by four lots. Seeds were tested by traditional accelerated aging and with saturated NaCl solution in five aging periods: 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The profile of the lots was determined by the following measures: moisture content, germination test, first germination count, germination speed index, initial stand, emergence, and emergence speed index. The accelerated aging test makes it possible to separate the lots by the method of saturated NaCl solution for 24 hours and it is appropriate for evaluation of seed physiological potential.
Glutathione Reductase from Human Erythrocytes

Glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes exists predominantly as an entity of 100000 molecular weight under various conditions of pH and ionic strength. The s20,w of 5.5 S and D20,w of 50 μm2/s correlate with the molecular weight determined by sedimentation equilibrium. The homogeneity of this species is primarily dependent on the presence of thiols and secondarily on high concentrations of salt. The amino-acid composition of the enzyme shows similarities both with glutathione reductases from other sources and with lipoamide dehydrogenase. From the flavin content and dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis it is inferred that the native enzyme is a dimer composed of similar subunits of 50000 molecular weight. In the absence of thiols, glutathione reductase shows a tendency to form tetramers and larger aggregates. Although these larger species are also catalytically active, under cellular conditions the presence of its product, reduced glutathione, should maintain the enzyme as the dimeric entity.
Facilitating Efficiency and Flexibility Ambidexterity in Project-Based Organizations: An Exploratory Study of Organizational Antecedents

Through an exploratory multiple-case study in the context of project-based organizations in China, this study aims to identify the antecedents that facilitate three prevalent types of ambidexterity, namely, structural, sequential, and contextual ambidexterity. To understand and theorize on this phenomenon, seven case studies with 76 qualitative interviews were held. The results show that unpredictable and changing environments set the enabling context for ambidexterity, whereas design choices involving dimensions of structure, processes, empowerment, rewards, and human resource policies serve as structural antecedents. The managers and employees who respectively behave in supportive and initiative ways ultimately trigger different types of ambidexterity.
Traumatic Dislocation of Three Major Joints in the Lower Limb: Management and Outcome

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 SUMMARY Introduction. Traumatic knee dislocation is a serious lesion which represents an orthopaedic emergency. It is a rare condition that requires appropriate diagnosis therapeutic iter. Case report. A 63 year old male was admitted to the emergency department after an agricultural vehicle accident in which his lower limbs were caught in a tractor. Clinical examination showed bilateral exposed knee dislocation. In addition there emerged right hip dislocation and composed acetabular fracture. There were no vascular arteries injuries, whilst there emerged an external popliteal sciatic nerve palsy to the left site. We performed the reduction manoeuvre revealing bilateral joint instability. For this reason the stabilization was made by external fixators. Due to right knee severe valgus instability, we performed medial collateral ligament reconstruction by intraosseous suture anchor using Leeds-Keio artificial implant after 1 month. Conclusions. In our case, due to the involvement of three major joints and nerve palsy, we had to perform the reduction manoeuvre, exploration and suture of peroneal nerve and stabilization by the external fixator. The opportuneness of ligament reconstruction may be evaluated at a second step in relation to functional expectancy and skin condition of the donor site.
Testing the Validity and Reliability of Metaseller Tutoring Module for the Purpose of Mathematics Learning Intervention

The level of mastery of mathematics is evidence to evaluate the excellence of the school mathematics curriculum. However, the effectiveness of the delivery of mathematical learning remains an issue when the level of mastery is still low. Therefore, curriculum transformation is required to ensure that mathematical mastery is at a satisfying level. Various suggestions and interventions have been undertaken to enhance the mastery of students' mathematical concepts and achievements, including through the construction of teaching modules. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop the Meta-Seller Tutoring Module (M-ST) and subsequently determine the validity and reliability of the module. This M-ST module is developed through a design and development research that takes the ADDIE Model as an instructional design guide. This M-ST module incorporates peer tutoring and metacognitive learning strategy models as it is content and module activities to help the improvement in students' mastery of mathematics. A total of 10 experts, a mathematics teacher, and 31 students participated in the study to determine the content validity and reliability of the module. The results of the analysis of the content validity of the module found that it is in an excellent rank with a validity index of 0.86. While the value of the reliability coefficient is 0.953 which also indicates that this module is at a very high level of trust. Based on the results, it can be concluded that this module is very useful and can be used as an intervention in mathematics learning. Teachers can integrate this module into teaching and learning to produce effective mathematics learning. By using this module, teachers can provide students with learning aids through interactive materials to create active learning.
Long‐term trends (1958–2017) in snow cover duration and depth in the Pyrenees

This study investigated the temporal variability and changes in snow cover duration and the average snow depth from December to April in the Pyrenees at 1,500 and 2,100 m a.s. l. for the period 1958–2017. This is the first such analysis for the entire mountain range using SAFRAN‐Crocus simulations run for this specific purpose. The SAFRAN‐Crocus simulations were evaluated for the period 1980–2016 using 28 in situ snow depth data time series, and for the period 2000–2017 using MODIS observations of the snow cover duration. Following confirmation that the simulated snow series satisfactorily reproduced the observed evolution of the snowpack, the Mann–Kendall test showed that snow cover duration and average depth decreased during the full study period, but this was only statistically significant at 2,100 m a.s. l. The temporal evolution in the snow series indicated marked differences among massifs, elevations, and snow variables. In general, the most western massifs of the French Pyrenees underwent a greater decrease in the snowpack, while in some eastern massifs the snowpack did not decrease, and in some cases increased at 1,500 m a.s. l. The results suggest that the trends were consistent over time, as they were little affected by the start and end year of the study period, except if trends are computed only starting after 1980, when no significant trends were apparent. Most of the observed negative trends were not correlated with changes in the atmospheric circulation patterns during the snow season. This suggests that the continuous warming in the Pyrenees since the beginning of the industrial period, and particularly the sharp increase since 1955, is a major driver explaining the snow cover decline in the Pyrenees.
Small mammals in fragments of Atlantic Forest: species richness answering to field methods and environment

Abstract Small mammals can be used as environmental indicators and have been intensively studied in fragmented landscapes of Atlantic Forest, with a wide range of field methods. Our aim in this study was two-fold: we tested for the effects of methods and for the effects of the main environmental variables on observed small mammal richness in fragments of Atlantic Forest. We gathered information on small mammal richness, methods and environmental variables from 122 fragments of Atlantic Forest through literature review. These data were analysed using linear models and model selection based on AIC values along with a regression tree analysis. We found that studies will record more species with bigger trapping effort, using pitfall traps and sampling all forest strata. We also confirmed two important ecological assumptions: fragments at lower latitudes and bigger fragments were the ones with higher species richness. Methodological and environmental variables were analysed together on a regression tree, where trapping effort was the most important variable, surpassing any environmental effect. Considering that a significant number of the studies on Atlantic Forest fragments did not use pitfall traps or sample all forest strata, their results on forest fragmentation were affected by sampling bias.
Patterns of genetic variation in isolated Danish populations of the endangered butterfly Euphydryas aurinia

In the present study, we report an investigation on molecular variation in the endangered univoltine butterfly Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775), a species heavily affected by habitat degradation and fragmentation in Denmark. Levels of genetic variation in extant populations were estimated using six variable number tandem repeat loci and were found to be low compared to other butterfly species with low migration rates. An analysis of genetic structure, based on both allele frequencies and genotype distributions, divided the entire sample into four distinct clusters. This was partially concordant with the a priori subdivision based on collection areas. An overall FST value of 0.16 (pairwise values ranging from 0.087-0.276) indicated restrictions of gene flow. Especially two populations had higher FST values than the others, suggesting their isolation, and showed signs of bottlenecks/ founder events. One population deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, suggesting a possible Wahlund effect or the presence of null alleles. The results suggest habitat fragmentation, resulting in genetic drift and possibly inbreeding. Future management is therefore recommended to increase gene flow between the remaining populations while habitats are restored in order to increase carrying capacity. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 95, 677-687.
The Role of Monitoring and Bonding Mechanisms of Good Corporate Governance Towards Banks Performance

Purpose of the study: This paper aims to examine the effects of the monitoring mechanism and bonding mechanism of corporate governance on the performance of the bank. The monitoring mechanism is divided into an external mechanism, represented by concentrated ownership, and the internal mechanism is represented by the proportion of independent board. Bonding mechanism is measured issuance of bonds as long-term debt financing. Methodology: This study is predictive and exploratory, so the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling using a WarpPLS60 application. Researchers use data from 24 banks that constantly has the value of bonds circulated, which from 2011 to 2018. There are consists of 4 state-owned commercial banks, 13 private banks, and 7 regional government-owned banks. Main Findings: The researcher found that external monitoring mechanisms as measured by ownership concentration, positively and significantly influence the performance at government-owned banks. Internal monitoring mechanism, as measured by the percentage of the number of independent commissioners, positively and significantly affects the performance at all the banks. The bonding mechanism as measured by issuing bonds negatively and significantly affects the performance of all the banks. Applications of this study: The integrative multi-theory model proposed by the authors in this study is a unique contribution to the intermediary financial literature. Banks seeking to maximize their performance must be balanced with the interests of shareholders and their stakeholders. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study examined the differences in behaviour and the role of monitoring and bonding mechanisms of corporate governance in state-owned banks and private. The results of this study contribute to the theory of entrenchment and financial intermediation.
Decoding travellers’ willingness to pay more for green travel products: closing the intention–behaviour gap

Abstract In the complex context of green consumption, researchers have examined the impact of many variables on pro-environmental behaviours, but have paid little attention to the effects of specific combinations of factors. This study fills this gap, using innovative methods to show how a combination of demographic variables, values, normative influence, personality traits and beliefs can stimulate travellers’ willingness to pay more (WLP), using one qualitative and two quantitative studies. In a strong methodological contribution, we develop a model based on complexity theory, which was validated using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 642 travellers. The results indicate that our integrated model has a favourable level of predictive power for travellers’ behaviour. Our findings suggest that no single factor is sufficient to drive travellers’ willingness to pay more, but the results of the fsQCA in four configurations propose eight causal recipes for achieving high WLP. Alongside its significant methodological contribution, our study makes strong theoretical and practical contributions, including how managers can target their green travel products more effectively.
Session RPE Breakpoints Corresponding to Intensity Thresholds in Elite Open Water Swimmers

This study aims to assess the correspondence between session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) breakpoints with both the first lactate threshold (LT1) and the second lactate threshold (LT2) in elite open water swimmers (OWS). Six elite OWS of the National Olympic Team specialized in distances between 5 and 25 km participated to the study. OWS performed a set of 6 times 500 m incremental swimming step test during which blood lactate concentration (BLC), split time (ST), stroke frequency (SF), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected. To assess the corresponding breakpoints, we considered LT1 as the highest workload not associated with rise in BLC and LT2 as the increase of 2mM above LT1. According to the LT1 and LT2, the identified zones were: Z1 ≤3, Z2 between 4 and 6, Z3 ≥ 7. In conclusion, the intensity zones determined for OWS resulted different from what previously reported for other endurance disciplines.
Spatial Orientation Skill Performance with a Workshop Based on Green Infrastructure in Cities

Better training of spatial skills of green infrastructure managers will contribute to better planning practices in this field. The professionals using geo-spatial technologies in sustainable city planning require, in their curriculum, specific training focused towards the acquisition of spatial skills. Using maps and geo-spatial technologies, spatial orientation skill is needed. In this research, a workshop based on a green infrastructure has been carried out. A specific teaching strategy for the improvement of spatial orientation skill has been performed. In the workshop, 3D technologies of graphic representation of an urban environment were used such as Cad Mapper, Sketch Up Make 2017 and Google Street View. Thirty-two students (22 treatment group, 10 control group) of agronomic engineering participated. The impact on spatial orientation skill was measured with the Perspective Taking-Spatial Orientation test, through pre- and post-tests. No gender differences were found. The Treatment Group obtained a significant increase of 19.27% in their spatial orientation skill. Participants of the Control group did not significantly increase their spatial orientation skill (3.21%). Specific teaching strategies such as those performed in this research can be effective for the training and development of spatial orientation skill, needed for geospatial planning in the field of Green Infrastructures.
Novel phylogenetic approaches to problems in microbial genomics

Present day microbial genomes are the handiwork of over 3 billion years of evolution. Comparisons between these genomes enable stepping backwards through past evolutionary events, and can be formalized using binary tree models known as phylogenies. In this thesis, I present three new phylogenetic methods for gaining insight into how microbes evolve. In Chapter 1, I introduce the algorithm AdaptML, which uses strain ecology information to identify geneticallyand ecologically-distinct bacterial populations. Analysis of 1000 marine Vibrionaceae strains by AdaptML finds evidence that niche adaptation may influence patterns of genetic differentiation in bacteria. In Chapter 2, I introduce the algorithm AnGST, which can infer the evolutionary history of a gene family in a chronological context. Analysis of 3968 gene families drawn from 100 modern day organisms with AnGST reveals genomic evidence for a massive expansion in microbial genetic diversity during the Archean eon and the gradual oxygenation of the biosphere over the past 3 billion years. Lastly, I introduce in Chapter 3 the algorithm GAnG, which can construct prokaryotic species trees from thousands of distinct gene trees. GAnG analysis of archaeal gene trees supports hypotheses that the Nanoarchaeota diverged from the last ancestor of the Archaea prior to the Crenarchaeota/Euryarchaeota split. Thesis Supervisor: Eric J. Alm Title: Assistant Professor
UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF MODERNIZATION THEORY ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND GRADUATES IN ZAMBIA

This ethnographic study explores the unintended consequences of the modernization theory on university students and graduates in Zambia. The study involved 40 participants from the University of Zambia, observed over periods of 9 to 14 years. The study has established that modernization theory has got further-reaching consequences on the participants and the whole Zambian society than what has been documented in the available literature. Whilst some of the consequences are not detrimental to the participants, most of the consequences seem to have negative effects on the Zambian society both in the short term and in the future. Policy implications on how to reverse the negative consequences of modernization theory on university students and graduates in Zambia have also be informed by the findings of the study.
A karyological study on taxa of Coronopus D.C. section of Plantago L. genus (Plantaginaceae) in Turkey

In this study the chromosome number and morphology of five taxa of the Coronopus D.C. section – Plantago coronopus subsp. coronopus L. , P. coronopus subsp. commutata (GUSS.) PİLGER, P. crassifolia FORSSKAL, P. maritima L. , and P. holosteum SCOP. (Plantaginaceae) – in Turkey were investigated using karyological techniques. The seeds of taxa were collected from natural habitats. The chromosome numbers are determined for four taxa (P. coronopus subsp. coronopus, P. coronopus subsp. commutata, P. crassifolia and P. maritima) as 2n = 4x =20 and one taxon (P. holosteum) as 2n = 2x = 12. The chromosome numbers and karyotype analysis of the species are reported for the first time for Turkey.
Experimental investigation on friction drag reduction on an airfoil by passive blowing

Friction drag reduction effect of a passive blowing on a Clark-Y airfoil is investigated. Uniform blowing, conducted in a wall-normal direction on a relatively wide surface, is generally known as an active control method for reduction of turbulent skin friction drag. In the present study, uniform blowing is passively driven by the pressure difference on a wing surface between suction and blowing regions. The suction and the blowing regions are respectively set around the leading edge and the rear part of the upper surface of the Clark-Y airfoil in order to ensure a sufficient pressure difference for passive blowing. The Reynolds number based on the chord length is 0.65×106 and 1.55×106. The angle of attack is set to 0◦ and 6◦. The mean streamwise velocity profiles on the blowing region and the downstream, measured by a traversed hot-wire anemometry, are observed to shift away from the wall by passive blowing. This behavior qualitatively suggests reduction of local skin friction on the wing surface. A quantitative assessment of the friction drag is performed using the law of the wall accounting for pressure gradients (Nickels, 2004), coupled with a modified Stevenson’s law (Vigdorovich, 2016) to account for the weak blowing. From this assessment, the local friction drag reduction effect of passive blowing is estimated to reach 4% − 23%.