Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revisiting integrated marketing communication (IMC): a scale to assess IMC in higher education (HE)

ABSTRACT Integrated marketing communication (IMC) has attracted the interest of marketing and management scholars since it was first introduced. A theoretical debate on definitional and measurement issues has also been growing. Thanks to the benefits that IMC can offer organizations, it is interesting to study it with regards to the higher education (HE) environment since higher education institutions (HEIs) have been focusing on the potential of different and new ways of communication and their integration. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to explore the concept of IMC in HE. And second, to present a tool that measures the level of integration of marketing and communication achieved in the HE context in a non-English speaking country, while also considering different perceptions in the same organization. The methodology of this paper is based on a multi-stage research design adopting qualitative and quantitative approaches. The main contributions are a reliable and valid adaptation of a tool that measures the level of IMC in a set of selected HEIs and a proposal of five dimensions that explain IMC in HE context. This will help to build a more robust theoretical body of knowledge regarding not only IMC but also higher education marketing (HEM).
A pilot plant for mammalian cell culture

Studies of the possible viral etiology of human leukemia have required large quantities of cultured cells derived from human hematopoietic tissues. Since cultures sufficiently large and free from contamination could not readily be produced according to existing methods, a pilot, cell culture plant has been constructed for the production of mammalian cells in mass quantity. 500‐ml to 20‐liter trophocell units have already proved to be scientifically and economically practical, as they provide good reliability, excellent growth rates, and sustained yield of human cells. 200‐liter stainless steel culture units have now been added to the trophocell system. Five complete 200 liter units are now in operation. The design of the original stainless steel unit was based on that of a stainless steel, jacketed soup kettle. There are no openings in the vessel other than those in the lid, which provide convenient access points for sampling, sensor probes, etc. Environmental parameters, e.g., liquid level, temperature, and pH, are monitored and controlled with commercially available apparatus. Many initial problems connected with the new 200 liter units have been resolved, but operational and design problems remain in the areas of stable instrumentation, cell harvesting, salvaging and reuse of unspent media components, establishment of physiologic steady stale, recovery of virus‐containing cells with reculture of the remaining unaffected cells, and the recovery and separation of cell components and special products such as immunoglobulins, interferons, and hormones. A definitive cell plant with culture units of 20, 50, 250, and 1250 liters is now being constructed.
Aspects on the seasonal dynamics and the vertical distribution of the crustacean zooplankton community and the Dreissena polymorpha larvae in Lake Trichonis

In Lake Trichonis 9 crustacea species and the molluscan larvae of Dreissena polymorpha were recorded during four seasonal samplings from summer 2002 to spring 2003. Mean integrated values of crustacea abundance ranged from 4.5 to 12.9 ind/L and were mainly dominated by the calanoida Eudiaptomus drieschi . The abundance values recorded, as well as the seasonal dynamics, followed the monoacmic pattern of oligotrophic lakes. However, the presence of Daphnia cucullata , a typical representative of eutrophic lakes, the decrease of the calanoida participation in the crustacea community and the succession in the cladocera community, could probably indicate a tendency towards a change of the trophic condition of Lake Trichonis.Along the vertical axis the maximum abundance of the zooplankton community was recorded in the surface 0-10 m. Mollusca larvae were present in all seasons and their highest abundance was recorded in the surface layer 0-10 m. Temperature, competition and predation seemed to be the main factors regulating vertical distribution.
The Nesting Biology of the Chowchilla, Orthonyx spaldingii (Orthonychidae)

SummaryFifty-two nests of the Chowchilla Orthonyx spaldingii were examined on the Paluma Range and Atherton Tableland, north Queensland. Nests took from two weeks to several months to be completed. A single egg was laid in a dome-shaped, bulky, stick nest built on the ground (44%) or on sites < 3.3 m above ground. Nesting occurred throughout the year, with peak activity during July-December producing most fledglings (84%) during September-February. Fresh egg weight represented 10.6% of adult female weight. Incubation was 25 days and the nestling period 22–27 days, both being long for a tropical passerine. At Paluma hatching success was 75% and fledging success 67% at those nests where the fate of the egg or nestling was known. Only the female incubated, brooded and fed young, although she was often provisioned by one, or rarely two, male members of her group. Because no group member other than the female parent has been seen to provision the nestling/fledgling, Chowchillas cannot be considered cooperative.
Survey on cognitive anti-jamming communications

In this study, the authors review various jamming and anti-jamming strategies in the context of cognitive radios (CRs). The study explores different jamming models and classifies them according to their functionality. Furthermore, a study of jamming detection techniques is provided to enable a CR to identify different jamming signals. Finally, anti-jamming communications are discussed in detail to encounter different types of jamming attacks. The focus of the study is on advanced anti-jamming approaches that are based on learning strategies including, for example, game theoretic learning, reinforcement learning and deep learning. They show differences and similarities between these approaches and the conditions under which each of the algorithms can be useful.
Density‐dependent Survival in Seedlings Differs among Woody Life‐forms in Tropical Wet Forests of a Caribbean Island

Negative density dependence contributes to seedling dynamics in forested ecosystems, but the relative importance of this factor for different woody plant life‐forms is not well‐understood. We used 1 yr of seedling survivorship data for woody seedlings in 17 different plots of lower to mid‐montane rain forests on the island of Dominica to examine how seedling height, abiotic factors, and biotic factors such as negative density dependence are related to seedling survival of five different life‐forms (canopy, midstory, and understory trees; shrubs; and lianas). Across 64 species, taller seedlings in seedling plots with higher canopy openness, greater seedling density, lower relative abundance of conspecific seedlings, and lower relative abundance of conspecific adults generally had a greater probability of surviving. Height was the strongest predictor of seedling survival for all life‐forms except lianas. Greater seedling density was positively related to survival for canopy and midstory trees but negatively related to survival for the other life‐forms. For trees, the relative abundance of conspecific seedling and adult neighbors had weak and strong negative effects on survival respectively. Neither shrub nor liana seedling survival was affected by the relative abundance of conspecific neighbors. Thus, negative density dependence is confirmed as an important structuring mechanism for tree seedling communities but does not seem to be important for lianas and shrubs in Dominican rain forests. These results represent the first direct assessment of controls on seedling survival of all woody life‐forms – an important step in understanding the dynamics and structure of the entire woody plant community.
A taxonomic reassessment of the Drunella lata (Morgan) species complex (Ephemeroptera:Ephemerellidae) in northeastern North America

Abstract For many years the Drunella lata complex of eastern North America consisted of 4 recognized species: 3 described from the Northeast, Drunella lata (Morgan), Drunella cornuta (Morgan), and Drunella cornutella (McDunnough), and 1, Drunella longicornis (Traver), from the southern Appalachian Mountains region. Recently, all 4 were synonymized to a single species (D. lata [Morgan], by priority) because morphological variation was perceived to be continuous and historical characterizations of species were viewed as arbitrary. We used genetic, morphometric, and life-history data to reevaluate D. lata, D. cornuta, and D. cornutella in northeastern North America, where all 3 morphotypes coexist in certain catchments and often in the same reach of stream. Pairwise genetic comparisons of coexisting morphotypes revealed fixed allelic differences at 6 to 10 of 19 allozyme loci, showing reproductive isolation among D. cornuta, D. cornutella, and D. lata even within the same reach of stream. Morphometric studies confirmed their distinction by uncovering significant differences in a suite of characters, some with nonoverlapping ranges (i.e., diagnostic). The 3 taxa also were shown to be segregated ecologically by consistent differences in seasonality, thermal requirements, and spatial distribution. We conclude that D. cornuta, D. cornutella, and D. lata are all worthy of full species status, and so reinstate D. cornuta and D. cornutella. Diagnostic descriptions are provided and existing keys emended.
Effects of seed size of wind‐dispersed pines (Pinus) on secondary seed dispersal and the caching behavior of rodents

Seeds and nuts dispersed by scatter-hoarding animals are relatively large compared to propagules dispersed by other means. Possible selective forces in the evolution of large seed size include the selectivity of foraging animals and the ways that food-storing animals treat seeds and nuts after harvest. Treatment by rodents, primarily yellow pine chipmunks (Tamias amoenus), of four species of pine seeds that vary in size was studied in the Carson Range of western Nevada. The pines, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta, 8.7 mg), ponderosa pine (P. ponderosa, 55 mg), Jeffrey pine (P. jeffreyi, 157 mg), and sugar pine (P. lambertiana, 213 mg), produce winged seeds that are initially wind-dispersed but are gathered by rodents and cached in the soil. Radioactive scandium-46 was used to follow the fates of seeds of all fours species placed around three source trees during autumn 1998 to 2000. Rodents gathered the seeds of all four species, but they took fewer of the lodgepole pine seeds and only six lodgepole seed caches (n=2106 total caches) were found during the three years. Among the other three species, number of seeds per cache decreased with increasing seed mass. However, the product of number of seeds per cache and seed mass was similar for all species. Sugar pine seeds were cached slightly deeper than ponderosa and Jeffrey pine seeds. For the species examined, seed size appeared to have had little effect on several other attributes, including mean dispersal distance, substrate choice, and microhabitat choice. Large size decreases wind dispersibility of pine seeds, but secondary dispersal by scatter-hoarding rodents compensates for poor wind dispersal so that total dispersibility of large-seeded pines is not compromised.
Growth and Physiological Responses of Sugarcane to Drought Stress at an Early Growth Stage

A pot experiment was conducted in a net house to evaluate the effects of drought stress (a 20-day water withholding treatment from 100120 days after planting) on the growth and physiology of five sugarcane cultivars. The results showed that water stress at an early stage significantly affected sugarcane growth and physiology. Water stress resulted in reductions in plant height, stalk diameter, and leaf number of sugarcane, in addition to reductions in the photosynthetic pigment content, Fv/Fm, and SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) readings after the 20-day withholding water period (120 DAP), and in stem, root, and leaf fresh weights, and leaf area at 150 DAP. Besides, drought stress led to increases in stomata density and decreases in stomata length. Variation was also found among the cultivars in response to water stress. Significant genotypic differences in stem fresh weight and leaf area under water stress among the cultivars were observed. The highest value of stem fresh weight under stressed conditions was recorded in ROC22 (50.6g), followed by QĐ159 (46.5g), ROC16 (46.2g), ROC10 (46.1g), and VL06 (44.4g). However, the highest DTI was recorded in ROC16, followed by VL06, ROC10, QĐ93159, and ROC22, respectively.
The Effect of Intra-articular versus Intravenous Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Experimentally-Induced Knee Joint Osteoarthritis

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative debilitating disease, primarily affects joints, particularly weight-bearing areas. The surface layer of the articular cartilage breaks down and wears away leading to rubbing of bones, pain, swelling, and joint stiffness. Aim and Objectives: This study investigates the possible therapeutic effects of intra-articular versus intravenous injection of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) against mono-iodoacetate-induced OA of the knee joints in male albino rats, using histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Materials and Methods: Thirty male adult albino rats were randomized into five groups as follows: Group (I) and (II): Served as control. Group (III): Osteoarthritic group. Group IV: Osteoarthritic and intraarticularly-injected MSCs. Group V: Osteoarthritic and intravenously-injected MSCs. Animals were sacrificed 1 month after stem cell injection, the right knee was prepared for histological techniques (Hematoxylin and Eosin and Toluidine blue stains) and immunohistochemical technique (Bax stain). Prussian blue stain was used to assess homing of MSCs in Groups IV and V. Results: Knee joint surface was irregular, fissured, and fragmented in Group III. In Groups IV and V, affected area was filled with newly formed tissue. Toluidine blue showed a decrease in matrix staining in Group III compared to both control and MSCs-treated groups. Chondrocytes in Group III showed strong Bax immunoreactivity and this reaction decreased in Group IV and V; however, Group V immunoreactivity was more than Group IV. Prussian blue stain showed labeled UCB-MSCs in many chondrocytes in Group IV and few chondrocytes in Group V. Conclusion: Intraarticularly-injected UCB-MSCs showed better healing of knee OA than intravenously-injected UCB-MSCs.
Growth Depensation in Year-0 Largemouth Bass: The Influence of Diet

Abstract Young-of-the-year largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in Lake Opinicon, Ontario, displayed a divergence in size over their first summer. The range in total body lengths was 11 mm when year-0 fish were first captured on June 22–25, and this range increased to 26 mm by September 8–12. The size divergence was not due to a protracted or disrupted spawning period and, instead, appeared to be underlain by differences in diet and prey availability. Diets of small and large year-0 largemouth bass (less than and greater than the cohort mean length, respectively) differed progressively over the summer. Large year-0 fish maintained a diverse diet of which fish prey always constituted 25–30% by volume. In contrast, small year-0 largemouth bass shifted from a diet comprised of zooplankton, aquatic insects, and larval fish in July to one dominated by zooplankton, and including no fish, in September. The diet shift of the small individuals occurred when fish prey became too large to handle. However, some fora.
Low level laser application reduces the effect of 5 fluorouracil/leucovorin combination on human breast cancer cells

Aim : 5-fluorouracil has been widely used in breast cancer treatment. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been shown to modulate biological processes and used in cancer treatment. It has been reported that apoptosis is induced by stimulation of transient receptor potential protein channels in numerous cancer cells, including breast cancer. We aimed to reveal the effects of 5-fluorouracil / Leucovorin (5-FU/LV) and . low level laser on apoptosis via transient receptor protein ancyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels. Material and Methods: Breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were cultured and cells were divided into seven main groups. Cells were incubated with 5-FU/LV and LLLT exposure separately and together performed on MCF-7 cell cultures. Cell cultures incubated with TRPV1 channel antagonist capsazepin and stimulator capsaicin. The effects of 5-FU and LLLT were investigated on all molecular pathways of apoptosis. Results: It was found that the levels of apoptosis in 5-FU/LV group were significantly increased in cancer cells compared to control group . TRPA1 channel stimulator administration resulted in significantly increased apoptosis levels compared to the control group, in 5-FU/LV + low level laser group the apoptosis level significantly reduced compared to 5-FU/LV-only group. (p<0.001) Conclusion: It has been shown that 5-FU/LV significantly increases apoptosis in breast cancer cells, however low level laser administration decreases apoptosis and suppressed apopitotic effect of 5-FU/LV significantly on breast cancer cells.
Exploration of FPGA-Based Hardware Designs for QR Decomposition for Solving Stiff ODE Numerical Methods Using the HARP Hybrid Architecture

In this article, we focus on the acceleration of a chemical reaction simulation that relies on a system of stiff ordinary differential equation (ODEs) targeting heterogeneous computing systems with CPUs and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Specifically, we target an essential kernel of the coupled chemistry aerosol-tracer transport model to the Brazilian developments on the regional atmospheric modeling system (CCATT-BRAMS). We focus on a linear solve step using the QR factorization based on the modified Gram-Schmidt method as the basis of the ODE solver in this application. We target Intel hardware accelerator research program (HARP) architecture with the OpenCL programming environment for these early experiments. Our design exploration reveals a hardware design that is up to 4 times faster than the original iterative Jacobi method used in this solver. Still, even with hardware support, the overall performance of our QR-based hardware is lower than its original software version.
Time of infection and control of. Phomopsis fruit rot of grape

Inoculations of Vitis labrusca «Concord» clusters at or shortly after bloom using 1×10 7 alpha spores per milliliter resulted in 16-30% fruit rot at harvest. Inoculations at earlier or later growth stages did not result in fruit rot significantly higher than that in nontreated controls. Berries inoculated in the laboratory were progressively less susceptible bto infection and colonization as they aged from pea-size to ripe stages of growth. Two applications of mancozeb during bloom significantly reduced fruit rot and rachis lesions on cv. Delaware during the 1987 growing season
The Crag at Bramerton, Near Norwich, Norfolk

Mollusc, foraminifer and pollen assemblages from sections at Bramerton, near Norwich, the type locality of the Norwich Crag, are described. It is shown that the marine sediments were deposited first under temperate conditions and later under colder conditions. The faunas and floras are compared with those elsewhere in the East Anglian crag and it is concluded that the temperate stage represented at Bramerton must be regarded as a new stage in the East Anglian Pleistocene succession, here named the Bramertonian, while the subsequent cold stage is equivalent to the Pre-Pastonian a substage of the Norfolk coast. It is likely that the Bramertonian stage also includes the Norwich Crag faunas of Suffolk at Chillesford, Aldeburgh, Thorpe Aldringham and Sizewell, together with the Westleton Beds. The first influx of quartz-quartzite-flint gravels in the Norwich area is shown to have occurred later than the deposition of the Bramertonian crag.
TO CROSS THE SEA OR TO FOLLOW THE COAST? FLIGHT DIRECTIONS AND BEHAVIOUR OF MIGRATING RAPTORS APPROACHING THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN AUTUMN

Summary We studied the flight behaviour of migrating raptors confronted with the Mediterranean sea at an average coast site near Malaga (Spain) in autumn by means of a tracking radar. Behavioural reactions to the water barrier were species-specific, but modified by environmental conditions. Honey buzzards Pernis apivorus and black kites Milvus migrans were reluctant to crossing the water and followed the east-west leading coast; the few honey buzzards crossing the sea at the end of the migratory period were probably juveniles. Considerable numbers of harriers Circus sp. , falcons Falco sp. and ospreys Pandion haliaetus crossed the Mediterranean sea. Falcons crossing the sea had higher flight altitudes than those following the coast or crossing the bay. Sea crossings occurred preferably in following winds and also in sidewinds, whereas no birds were observed to cross the sea in strong opposing winds. However, tailwind-support only partly explained for different migratory routes. Raptors crossing the sea in flapping-gliding flight increased airspeeds with sidewinds to reduce drift, but, different from theory, they did not decrease airspeed with increasing tailwind-support indicating that they minimised flight time above sea. Time and energy related consequences of different flight routes are discussed.
Morphometric variability on a microgeographical scale in two inshore seabirds

The range of morphometric variation among two inshore seabirds, the Kerguelen cormorant Phalacrocorax atriceps verrucosus and the gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua was investigated on the Kerguelen and Crozet archipelagos. Four measurements (weight, culmen, flipper and body length for gentoos; weight, culmen, wing and tarsus length for cormorants) were compared in the same seven localities on Kerguelen. In addition, culmen and wing length were compared in four localities on Crozet for gentoo penguins. The two species exhibited similar trends in variation within Kerguelen although the range of variation was greater in cormorants. Compared to the largest cormorants and gentoo of Kerguelen, the smallest stocks were 60 and 36% of the weights, respectively. There is little evidence elsewhere of similar broad morphometric variability in seabirds on a microgeographical scale. The variation observed did not follow a regular cline and appeared to be less related to physical factors (sea temperatures) than to the local biological factors during the breeding season.
Effect of Various Parameters on the Thermal Stability and Corrosion of CO2-Loaded Tertiary Amine Blends

In this study, the thermal stability and corrosivity of various CO2-loaded tertiary amine blends in both aqueous and non-aqueous form in stainless steel cylinders were studied for combined acid gas and water removal. The thermal stability was measured from the remaining amine concentration and the corrosivity was measured from the amount of various metals in blends using titration and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. The experimental data were used to calculate the rate constants of amine group loss. The developed model represented the experimental data very well. Solvent change from H2O to triethylene glycol (TEG) in blends decreased the thermal stability and vice versa for corrosivity. The amine stability was increased when contact with stainless steel was reduced. An increase in the amine concentration or CO2 loading at constant temperature decreased the thermal stability and vice versa for corrosivity.