Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sedimentary budget of the Northwest Sub-basin, South China Sea: controlling factors and geological implications

ABSTRACT We calculated the sedimentary budget of the Northwest Sub-basin (NWSB), South China Sea for different geological times based on interpretations of four multichannel seismic profiles across the basin with constraints from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expeditions 367 and 368 drilling results. Sedimentation was generally dominated by regional tectonic events and climate change, but complicated by local tectonic events and geographic position, which resulted in a specific sedimentary budget in the NWSB compared with other marginal basins and the Southwest Sub-basin. The sedimentation rate was relatively low following the opening of the NWSB but increased gradually during the Middle Miocene, corresponding to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the Asian monsoon. It reached its peak in the Late Miocene, corresponding to uplift of the Dongsha Island region that caused intensive bypass of eroded sediments from the Baiyun Sag into the abyssal basin, and reduced again during the Pliocene because of sediment storage on the wide northern continental shelf area compared to the abyssal basin during a period of high-stand sea level. Increase in sedimentation during the Pleistocene suggests that continental erosion and sediment transport to the abyssal basin were enhanced by an intensified Asian summer monsoon and glacial-interglacial climate fluctuations. Since the opening of the NWSB, the primary sediment provenance has been from southern China, with minor contributions from the Red River, Hainan Island, as well as local uplifts on the continental shelf.
Wave‐Driven Sediment Resuspension Within a Model Eelgrass Meadow

Wave velocity and suspended sediment concentration were measured over a sand bed with and without a model eelgrass meadow. The model meadow was geometrically and dynamically similar to the marine eelgrass Zostera marina. Meadows were constructed with three stem densities: 280, 600, and 820 stems/m2. Ripples formed within the meadow only when the spacing between stem rows was larger than the wave excursion. When ripples formed, the ripple geometry was the same as that observed for bare bed. When ripples were present, the near‐bed turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) was dominated by the ripple‐generated turbulence, and both the near‐bed TKE and averaged suspended sediment concentration were similar across all meadow densities and bare bed at the same wave velocity. When ripples were absent, the near‐bed TKE was dominated by the stem‐generated turbulence, and the averaged suspended sediment concentration was reduced, compared to cases with ripples but at the same wave velocity. For conditions with and without a model meadow, the sediment diffusivity inferred from vertical profiles of suspended sediment concentration increased linearly with distance from the bed.
Comparative Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury Models and Related Fibrogenic Responses: Convergence on Methylation Patterns Regulated by Cold Shock Protein

Background: Fibrosis is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix formation in solid organs, disrupting tissue architecture and function. The Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) regulates fibrosis-related genes (e.g., Col1a1, Mmp2, and Tgfβ1) and contributes significantly to disease progression. This study aims to identify fibrogenic signatures and the underlying signaling pathways modulated by YB-1. Methods: Transcriptomic changes associated with matrix gene patterns in human chronic kidney diseases and murine acute injury models were analyzed with a focus on known YB-1 targets. Ybx1-knockout mouse strains (Ybx1ΔRosaERT+TX and Ybx1ΔLysM) were subjected to various kidney injury models. Fibrosis patterns were characterized by histopathological staining, transcriptome analysis, qRT-PCR, methylation analysis, zymography, and Western blotting. Results: Integrative transcriptomic analyses revealed that YB-1 is involved in several fibrogenic signatures related to the matrisome, the WNT, YAP/TAZ, and TGFß pathways, and regulates Klotho expression. Changes in the methylation status of the Klotho promoter by specific methyltransferases (DNMT) are linked to YB-1 expression, extending to other fibrogenic genes. Notably, kidney-resident cells play a significant role in YB-1-modulated fibrogenic signaling, whereas infiltrating myeloid immune cells have a minimal impact. Conclusions: YB-1 emerges as a master regulator of fibrogenesis, guiding DNMT1 to fibrosis-related genes. This highlights YB-1 as a potential target for epigenetic therapies interfering in this process.
Multi‐Modal Analysis of Deciduous Tree Stands Toward Ash Tree Inventory: Biomass Estimation and Genus‐Level Discrimination in a Mixed Deciduous Forest

The invasive species Agrilus planipennis (Emerald Ash Borer or EAB) is currently impacting ash trees in a large part of the continental United States. One way of measuring the effect of this infestation on the US markets is to determine the spread of the species and the biomass destruction/loss due to this invasive pest. In order to assess such impacts, it is necessary to determine how and where ash trees are located toward accurately measuring the relevant ash species biomass and tree count. This study utilizes data captured over the campus of Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, NY. Hyperspectral data, captured by SpecTIR, and discrete LiDAR data collected by an ALS 50 are used in an attempt to accomplish two tasks: 1) estimate ash biomass and 2) create a discriminant model to determine what types of trees (genera) are located within our surveyed plots. We surveyed four deciduous plots on the RIT campus and integrated the surveyed areas, the LiDAR data, and the hyperspectral data into a single comprehensive dataset. Our assessment incorporated different underlying models, including hyperspectral data only, LiDAR data only, and a combination of hyperspectral and LiDAR data. The results indicate that we can predict biomass with an R2 value between 0.55‐0.69, at an α=0.01 statistical threshold and an R2 value between 0.85‐0.92 (α=0.05 threshold) with the best models. The results indicate that smaller plot radius hyperspectral plus LiDAR and larger radius hyperspectral approaches scored best for R2 values, but the best RMSE was returned by the model utilizing the larger‐radius hyperspectral data plus LiDAR returns. These indicated a slight difference in precision and accuracy between the models. The genus‐level classification analysis utilized a stepwise discriminant model to extract relevant variables, followed by a linear discriminant classification which classified each tree based on the stepwise results. These models found that one‐meter hyperspectral data plus LiDAR could accurately assess the genus level of the trees 86% of the time, with a KHAT score of 0.86. User and producer accuracies on that model vary from 73‐100%, depending on the genus. This study contributes to the effort for combining hyperspectral and LiDAR data to assess deciduous tree stands. Such an approach to biomass modeling is often used in coniferous forests with high accuracy; however, the variability in uneven‐aged and complex deciduous forest typically leads to poorer structural assessment outcomes, even though such species are spectrally more differentiable. Results here indicate that utilizing more robust LiDAR scans (point density) and techniques (data fusion), these methods could yield valuable genus‐level biomass or carbon maps per forest genus. Such maps in turn could prove useful to decision‐ makers from policy experts to conservationists.
Geoarchaeological Analysis of a Dunefield Shell Midden Site in Carrowdough Townland, County Sligo, Ireland

Abstract Few researchers have investigated shell midden sites in western Ireland. Here, we discuss the geoarchaeological approach undertaken at an Atlantic Ocean-facing dunefield shell midden site in County Sligo, Connacht. Ground penetrating radar, magnetic susceptibility, and apparent electrical resistivity were used to map subsurface features and identify possible locations for subsequent augering. Our results show that magnetic susceptibility was the most successful geophysical technique in terms of the identification of shell-rich deposits and hearth locations, indicating the value of this method for future studies in dunefield midden sites. Most of the midden material in the dunefield was found to be surface scatter subject to substantial mixing by aeolian events, common in stormy northwestern Ireland. This study illustrates the unique challenges and productive approaches to geoarchaeological surveys in dynamic dunefield environments and discusses insights into post-medieval exploitation of coastal environments in rural western Ireland.
Relationship between Skeletal Malocclusion and Radiomorphometric Indices of the Mandible in Long Face Patients

This study aimed to assess the relationship between skeletal malocclusion and radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in long face patients. This cross-sectional study evaluated 174 lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs of long face patients between the ages of 17 and 30 presenting at the Orthodontics Department of Qazvin Dental School. The gonial angle, antegonial angle, type of antegonial notch, and depth of antegonial notch were measured bilaterally on panoramic radiographs. The correlation between the radiomorphometric parameters and the type of occlusion was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test (alpha = 0.05). The mean size of gonial angle was significantly different among the three classes of occlusion (p = 0.046), while the difference was not significant regarding the antegonial angle size and antegonial notch depth (p > 0.05). An independent t-test showed that the mean sizes of gonial angle (p = 0.026) and antegonial angle (p = 0.036), and the antegonial notch depth (p = 0.046) in males, were significantly greater than the values in females. According to the Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test, the right antegonial notch type was significantly different among the three classes of malocclusion (p = 0.006), while this difference was not significant in the left side (p = 0.318). The right antegonial notch type II was more common in males, while the right antegonial notch type I was more common in females (p = 0.014). According to the results, the indices of gonial angle and type of antegonial notch can be clinically useful for predicting the growth rate of the mandible and designing the appropriate treatment in long face patients.
The accuracy of ridge mapping procedure in determining the alveolar ridge width

Background: Post-extraction alveolar ridge resorption is unavoidable phenomenon ending with insufficient ridge width. Measuring the physical dimensions of the available bone before implant surgery is an important aspect of diagnosis and treatment planning. Bone height can be calculated from radiographs, while bucco-lingual ridge width can be measured by conventional tomography, CT scanning and ridge mapping. Radiographic techniques have certain disadvantages. Therefore the ridge mapping technique was used as an option for determining alveolar ridge width. The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of alveolar ridge width measurements obtained with ridge mapping technique before surgical flap reflection against direct caliper measurement following surgical exposure of the bone. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational clinical study included 21 patients; 9 males (42.9%) and 12 females (57.1%) with mean age of 40.8. A vacuum formed acrylic stent was fabricated for each subject. The stent provided two buccal/lingual pairs of consistent measurement points to provide a reference of measurement for each implant site located 3 and 6 mm from the crest of alveolar soft tissue. Measurements (n=216) were made at 54 implant sites, the measurements obtained from the two techniques were compared and then accuracy of these methods was assessed. The mean, standard deviation, standard error of mean were calculated and subjected to statistical analysis using Student’s unpaired t- test, values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between ridge mapping technique and intra-operative measurement in determining alveolar ridge width. Conclusion: The ridge mapping technique is a useful method in determining alveolar ridge width for its exactitude, low cost, the immediate result and no need of radiation.
The Role of Higher Education in Shaping Essential Personality Traits for Achieving Success in Entrepreneurship in Spain

Research on university education and its role in developing personality traits essential to achieving success in entrepreneurship is required because of the significance of entrepreneurship for advancements in the economic, social, technological, and environmental spheres. Additionally, the value of a university education in shaping an individual’s personality, and the necessity of emphasizing entrepreneurship in higher education for students to achieve real success, should be a priority in our society. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explore how university education influences personality traits that are key to success in entrepreneurship in Spain. To achieve this objective, a qualitative methodology based on the study of 11 cases has been adopted. The results allow us to conclude that university education has a decisive influence on the development of the personality traits that integrally determine entrepreneurial success as the culmination of the final stage of the maturation process; however, a university education is not fundamental to the development of these traits. Nevertheless, entrepreneurs emphasized that the personality traits analyzed need to be reinforced explicitly in university education since they effectively positively impact the success of entrepreneurial initiatives.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Autoimmune Disorders: A Systematic Scoping Review of Published Cases

Introduction Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) features transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning. The underlying mechanism remains elusive; however, evidence suggests the role of different physical and psychological stressors. We systematically reviewed patients presenting with TCM and autoimmunity to explore the link between the two conditions. Methods We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) to report this review. Using keywords related to autoimmune/immune-mediated diseases and TCM, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and WOS in March 2022. The final results were added to a data extraction sheet. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 26.0. Results Our search yielded 121 studies, including 155 patients. Females were considerably predominant. Most patients had a history of autoimmune disease, and almost a third had a history of cardiovascular disease. Dyspnea and chest pain were the most common chief complaints. More than 70% of patients had experienced physical stress. Myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis were the most frequently reported autoimmune diseases. Conclusion There were similarities in age and sex compared to classic TCM. TCM should be considered as a differential diagnosis for ACS, especially in patients with a positive background of autoimmunity. A precise reporting system is required for further studies.
Analysis of the Relationship between Interest Rate, Exchange Rate and Economic Growth in Nigeria

This study analyses the relationship between interest rate, exchange rate and economic growth in Nigeria spanning from 1980-2022. Data for the study were obtained from World Development Indicators. The study undertook unit root test using the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) method. Consequently, based on the outcome of the ADF result, the research used Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model to determine the existence of a long-run interactive relationship between interest rate, exchange rate, and economic growth in Nigeria. The Auto-regressive distributive Lag (ARDL) bound test result of the long-run interactive relationship between the variables reported the existence of long-run relationship. The study further revealed that the interaction between real interest rate and exchange rate on growth of gross domestic product is negative, but statistically significant both in the long-run and previous period of the short-run. Similarly, the interaction between lending interest rate and exchange rate is negatively related with growth of gross domestic in the long-run. However, deposit interest rate and exchange rate recounted a positive but insignificant interactive relationship. It has been suggested, among other recommendations, that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), should raise deposit interest rate in order to incentivize individuals to save a greater portion of their income. This will enable financial institutions to enhance their capacity to allocate more cash towards investment, thereby fostering economic growth.
Abnormal Gravity Wave Activity in the Stratosphere Prior to the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes

Earthquake (EQ) prediction is an essential topic in recent geophysics and disaster management. In order to explain EQ precursory phenomena, especially the ionospheric perturbations, a few hypotheses have been proposed as the mechanism of lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling. The most reliable seems to be the atmospheric gravity wave (AGW) hypothesis, because a lot of subionospheric very low frequency (VLF) observations and also ground surface measurements support this hypothesis. However, no direct signature of AGW activity in the middle atmosphere has been yet obtained. So in this study, we have used the ERA5 reanalysis data to investigate the tempo‐spatial evolution of stratospheric AGW activity before a recent huge seismic event of the 2016 Kumamoto EQ on 15 April (Mw7.2). It was found that the AGW potential energy is enhanced significantly during about 1 week before the EQ. The enhancement was mainly distributed around the EQ epicenter and expanded toward eastern Japan. The AGW activity was highest around 11 April, then it calmed down and returned to the background level right before the EQ. These results were compared with the subionospheric VLF observations during the same period, and then the tempo‐spatial evolutions of the lower ionospheric perturbation are found to be very consistent with the stratospheric behavior. The present paper reports on the first finding that the abnormal AGW activity in the stratosphere is detected before a major EQ, and the coincidence of stratospheric AGW activity with VLF subionospheric perturbations provides further support to the AGW hypothesis of the lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling process.
Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus sp. in Diabetic Ulcer Patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang

The high prevalence of diabetic ulcers and the resistance of Staphylococcus sp. to antibiotics can complicate the treatment of diabetic ulcer patients with Staphylococcus sp. This study aimed to determine the pattern of susceptibility of Staphylococcus sp. in patients with diabetic ulcer at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang in January 2019-August 2022. This research was an observational descriptive study using total sampling conducted in September-November 2022 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. Data was obtained from patient medical records and laboratory results of patients with diabetic ulcer disease infected with Staphylococcus sp. from January 2019 to August 2022. Prevalence of Staphylococcus sp. infection in diabetic ulcer patients was low (15 of 77 diabetic ulcer patients, 19.5%). There were 19 bacterial isolates from 15 diabetic ulcer patients. A total of 8 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. (CoNS) and 11 coagulase-positive Staphylococcus sp. (CoPS) isolates were tested for their susceptibility to antibiotics. Both CoPS and CoNS bacteria in diabetic ulcer patients were most susceptible to linezolid (90.9% for CoPS and 100% for CoNS) and most resistant to benzylpenicillin (81.8% for CoPS and 87.5% for CoNS).
Re-Growth Yield and Nutritive Value of Winter Cereals

Cereal crops can be grazed in early winter or early spring when feed is scarce, or to utilize their high feeding value. In the early spring of 2011, the re–growth yield and nutritive value of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum), oat (Avena sativa L.), and triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) grown in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey, were evaluated after three successive weekly harvests (Cut 1, Cut 2, Cut 3) during the tillering to stem elongation stages. Plants were cut at a height of 5 cm then allowed to re-grow until when they were harvested again at the dough stage on 18 June. Dry matter (DM) production (kg/ha) and nutritive value of forage were compared to plots that were uncut (No Cut). Re–growth yield (DM t/ha) decreased (P<0.01) almost linearly with the delay in cutting time for each crop, but at different (P<0.01) rates. Re–growth was reduced by up to 72% in Cut 3 compared with No Cut. The cell-wall components of plant tissues decreased (P<0.001) in re-growth after Cut 2 and Cut 3 compared with No Cut. In–vitro DM digestibility was lowest (P<0.001) in cereals with No Cut at the dough stage. The results suggest that winter cereals can be grazed up to the stem elongation stage without causing large reductions in the overall forage yield. The fodder obtained from material re–grown after the initial grazing may also offer higher-quality feed for livestock than ungrazed crops.
The Ostracod Clumped‐Isotope Thermometer: A Novel Tool to Accurately Quantify Continental Climate Changes

This study presents a methodological advancement in the field of clumped‐isotope (∆47) thermometry, specifically tailored for application to freshwater ostracods. The novel ostracod clumped isotope approach enables quantitative temperature and hydrological reconstruction in lacustrine records. The relationship between ∆47 and the temperature at which ostracod shell mineralized is determined by measuring ∆47 on different species grown under controlled temperatures, ranging from 4 ± 0.8 to 23 ± 0. 5ºC. The excellent agreement between the presented ∆47 ostracod data and the monitored temperatures confirms that ∆47 can be applied to ostracod shells and that a vital effect is absent outside the uncertainty of measurements. Results are consistent with the carbonate clumped‐isotope unified calibration (Anderson et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl092069), therefore, an ostracod‐specific calibration is not needed. The ostracod clumped‐isotope thermometer represents a powerful tool for terrestrial paleoclimate studies all around the world, as lakes and ostracods are found in all climatic belts.
Rural Community Teachers’ Awareness and Attitude on Learning Challenges

In rural landscapes, teachers are unsung education heroes, facing challenges like limited professional growth, inadequate infrastructure, and the need to innovate teaching methods for diverse student needs. They shape their communities’ education through adaptability and evolution. A September 2022 study conducted in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu surveyed 149 rural primary school teachers, using self-developed questionnaires on background information, awareness of learning challenges, and attitudes toward them. Reliability, measured with Cronbach’s Alpha, showed scores of 0.829 for awareness and 0.854 for attitudes. Results revealed that most teachers had moderate awareness, with some displaying low awareness and many holding neutral attitudes, which could turn unfavorable over time. Linear regression highlighted associations with age, experience, and class type. Experience emerged as the main predictor for both awareness and attitude, implying that more experience leads to improved awareness and attitude. These findings can guide stakeholders in supporting rural educators, benefitting students across geographical boundaries.