Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing health facility delivery among women of reproductive age in Lilongwe District, Malawi: a cross-section study

Introduction utilization of health facility for delivery could save pregnant women from avoidable maternal deaths. However, use of health facility in deliveries remains inconsistent. The main study objective was to identify factors influencing health facility delivery among women of reproductive age in Lilongwe District. Methods a cross-sectional study using structured questionnaires administered to 210 women of reproductive age was used. Chi-square (or Fischer Exact Test), where appropriate was used to analyze data. Results the findings of the study revealed that the level of health facility delivery in Lilongwe District is 73.8%. It revealed that 97.1% of the respondents are aware of health facility delivery and most (89.5%) prefer health worker as the best person to assist pregnant women during delivery. There is a significant association between level of knowledge (p = 0.000), the level of education (p=0.000), employment (94.7%) and religious teachings (p=0.000) with delivery in a health facility. The study further shows that more Muslim´s women (91.7%) delivered at health facility compared to their counterparts from others religions and African traditionalists (20%). Conclusion in conclusion, the level of knowledge, age, level of education and marital status, Occupation, monthly income, and the amount spent during the past delivery, and the religious teachings influence health facility delivery. We recommend the sharing of the findings with different stakeholders in order to find the solutions and the need for dialogue with traditional chiefs and religious leaders on advocating for health facility delivery.
Cross-National Variation in the Relationship between Welfare Generosity and Single Mother Employment

Reform of the U.S. welfare system in 1996 spurred claims that cuts to welfare programs effectively incentivized single mothers to find employment. It is difficult to assess the veracity of those claims, however, absent evidence of how the relationship between welfare benefits and single mother employment generalizes across countries. This study combines data from the European Union Labour Force Survey and the U.S. Current Population Survey (1992-2015) into one of the largest samples of single mothers ever, testing the relationships between welfare generosity and single mothers’ employment and work hours. We find no consistent evidence of a negative relationship between welfare generosity and single mother employment outcomes. Rather, we find tremendous cross-national heterogeneity, which does not clearly correspond to well-known institutional variations. Our findings demonstrate the limitations of single country studies and the pervasive, salient interactions between institutional contexts and social policies.
An ultra-low-background detector for axion searches

A low background Micromegas detector has been operating in the CAST experiment at CERN for the search of solar axions since the start of data taking in 2002. The detector, made out of low radioactivity materials, operated efficiently and achieved a very low level of background (5×10-5 keV-1-cm-2-s-1) without any shielding. New manufacturing techniques (Bulk/Microbulk) have led to further improvement of the characteristics of the detector such as uniformity, stability and energy resolution. These characteristics, the implementation of passive shielding and the improvement of the analysis algorithms have dramatically reduced the background level (2×10-7 keV-1-cm-2s-1), improving thus the overall sensitivity of the experiment and opening new possibilities for future searches.
Confinement of Surface State Electrons in Fabry-Pérot Resonators

Ag(111) surface state electrons have been confined in symmetric and asymmetric Fabry-Perot resonators formed by two atomically parallel step edges. The local density of states in the resonators has been measured by means of low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy and can perfectly be explained with a simple Fabry-Perot-like model. The energy dependent reflection amplitudes and scattering phase shifts of the different kinds of Ag(111) step edges have been determined with high accuracy. The model character of the resonators opens up quantitative electron scattering experiments at test structures brought into the resonator.
A Low-Profile Energy Selective Surface With Ultra-Wide Absorption Band

A low-profile energy selective surface (ESS) with an ultra-wide absorption band is proposed in this article. It consists of a switchable layer and an absorptive layer. The switchable layer uses p-i-n diodes to adaptively adjust the operating mode. When the incident wave power is low, the ESS operates in transmission mode. It behaves as a bandpass frequency selective surface (FSS) having an ultra-wideband (UWB) absorption out of the passband. As high-power microwaves (HPMs) are incident, the ESS changes to shield mode. The HPM in the passband are reflected, while those out of band are absorbed. As a result, stealth and shielding are realized at the same time. By loading metal patches on both sides of the dielectric substrate, the number of transmission zero out of the passband is increased. As a result, the shielding and absorption bandwidth (AB) are widened. The wide absorption band can absorb detection signals before the diodes are triggered and provide a shield in advance. The experimental results show that the ESS has an insertion loss (IL) of 0.6 dB at 3.8 GHz and an absorption band range of 5.97–13.97 GHz in transmission mode. While in shield mode, a shielding effectiveness (SE) of 13 dB and an absorption band range of 5.74–12.82 GHz are obtained. This novel ESS simultaneously achieving high-power electromagnetic (EM) protection and stealth in a wide band has various prospects of applications in EM protection, EM compatibility, and EM interference along with stealth technology.
Photonic Generation of Background-Free Phase-Coded Pulses With Low Power Fluctuation Over the Multi-Octave Frequency Range

In this article, a photonic microwave signals generation scheme for background-free phase-coded (PC) radar pulse with multioctave tuning is experimentally demonstrated. Firstly, an optical frequency comb (OFC) demultiplexing technology based on optical injection locking (OIL) provides a power-equalized coherent optical local oscillator (LO) with ultra-broadband tuning capability. Then, a phase-modulated optical signal is produced based on the conversion intensity modulation to phase modulation. Finally, a background-free phase-coded signal can be obtained by beating the optical signal with LO at a balanced photodetector (BPD). The proposed scheme features a flat frequency response over an ultra-wideband frequency range without needing a broadband modulator and radio frequency (RF) synthesizer. A proof-of-concept experiment demonstrates that the power fluctuation of 0.5 Gbps background-free PC pulses is lower than 3.12 dB within 3∼24 GHz carrier frequency. Furthermore, the pulse compression performance and system stability are investigated, respectively.
Piezoelectric properties of irradiation-crosslinked polypropylene ferroelectrets

The cellular irradiation-cross-linked polypropylene films treated by a hot-press process are corona charged to be piezoelectric. For the samples charged at room temperature, quasistatic piezoelectric d33 coefficients up to 400pC∕N are obtained. The d33 coefficients are slightly dependent on pressure in the range up to 50kPa. The d33 values decrease to 30% when the samples are exposed to 90°C for 1day; a preaging treatment improves the thermal stability of d33. The dominant drift path of the detrapped charges is from one void surface to the adjacent void surface through the bulk of the solid.
Computation of highly swirling confined flow with a Reynolds stress turbulence model

The ability of a turbulence model to capture the interaction between swirl and the turbulent stress field is, therefore, crucial to the predictive performance of the computatinal scheme as a whole. A finite-volume procedure is used here to contrast the performance of the k-epsilon eddy-viscosity model with that of a Reynolds-stress transport closure. It is shown that the former returns a seriously excessive level of turbulent diffusion and misrepresents the experimentally observed flow characteristics. In contrast, the Reynolds-stress model successfully captures the subcritical nature of the flow by returning significantly lower levels of the shear stress components and predicts velocity and turbulence fields that are in good agreement with corresponding measurements. 22 references.
Pytinicarpa (Asteraceae, Astereae) in New Caledonia

The genus Pytinicarpa G.L. Nesom is taxonomically revised in New Caledonia with four species recognised. The circumscription of one previously published species, P. sarasinii (Däniker) G.L. Nesom, is discussed and updated, and P. neocaledonica (Guillaumin) G.L. Nesom is placed in its synonymy. The name P. comptonii Gâteblé, Lannuzel & M.Pignal, nom. nov. is proposed to accommodate the former Lagenophora neocaledonica S.Moore in Pytinicarpa, and its lectotype is designated. Two new narrowly endemic species are also described. The first is from the top of Mount Kaala massif with the name P. kaalaensis Lannuzel, Gâteblé & M.Pignal, sp. nov. The second, P. tonitrui Lannuzel, Gateblé & M.Pignal, sp. nov. is from the Babouillat peninsula, and is supposedly extinct, as extensive field research did not allow to find it. The four species are fully described, illustrated, and keyed. The distribution, ecological affinities, and threats for the four species are discussed to support the assessments of conservation status for two of them as Endangered (EN), one as Critically Endangered (CR) and one as Extinct (EX), following the IUCN Red List guidelines and criteria.
Chaos and chaotic control in a fractional-order electronic oscillator

In this paper, we study the chaotic behaviours in a fractional-order chaotic electronic oscillator. We find that chaos exists in the fractional-order electronic oscillator with an order being less than 3. In addition, we numerically simulate the continuance of the chaotic behaviours in the electronic oscillator with orders ranging from 2.8 to 3.2. Finally, we further investigate the method of controlling a fractional-order electronic oscillator based on adaptive backstepping. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness and feasibility of this approach.
A General Lower Bound for Regret in Logistic Regression

—We study logistic regression with binary features in which the number (or degree) of occurring features determines the label probability. This model ﬁts one of social networks, where the number of friends determines the likelihood of outcomes instead of the identity of the friends, or more generally, a graph model, where the degree of a node can determine its behavior. It includes the case in which weights can be viewed as i.i. d. (e.g., in Bayesian modeling). For such a model, we introduce the maximal minimax regret that we analyze using a unique combination of analytic combinatorics and information theory. More importantly, the resulting regret is a general lower bound for the pointwise regret of a general logistic regression over all algorithms (learning distributions). We show that the introduced worst case (maximum over feature sequences) maximal minimax regret grows asymptotically as ( d/ 2) log T + ( d/ 2) log( π/ 2) + O ( d/ √ T ) for dimensionality d = o ( √ T ) , which is a lower bound for a regret of a general logistic regression. We extend our results to loss functions other than logistic loss and non-binary labels. Finally, if label probabilities are restricted to be monotonic with the degree of the example, we provide precise results for the minimax regret showing that the leading term decreases to ( d/ 2) log( T/d 3 ) for large d .
Trait Mindfulness and Physical Health among Chinese Middle-Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Mental Health

Few studies have focused on the specific effects of trait mindfulness on physical health status, especially from a resilient aging perspective. This study examined the mediating role of mental health in the association between trait mindfulness and physical health status among middle-older adults in urban China. The participants included 188 individuals who were recruited from a community senior university and five community senior care centers. The findings reveal: (1) trait mindfulness has a strong effect on two physical health indicators (self-rated physical health and subjective sleep quality); (2) mental health is a significant mediator in the relationship between trait mindfulness and physical health status; and (3) the mediation role of mental health is more evident in the self-rated physical health model (24.15%) than subjective sleep quality (18.10%). This study improves our knowledge of how trait mindfulness can lead to a better physical health in middle-older adults and can lead to the development of social value communication and effective prevention.
Carbon Abatement Costs for Hydrogen Fuels in Hard-to-Abate Transport Sectors and Potential Climate Policy Mixes

We use a holistic cost model of hydrogen value chains to estimate abatement costs of replacing fossil fuels with renewable hydrogen, ammonia, or e-fuel for freight applications across trucking, shipping, and aviation. We estimate abatement costs of €530-1,345/tCO 2 in 2020. Concerted efforts by governments and industry could decrease these costs to €50-493/tCO 2 in 2050. This work also analyzes how different climate policies – including carbon pricing, subsidies, and de-risking policies that influence the cost of capital – could impact the competitiveness of hydrogen-based fuels. the abatement costs of fuel use in freight trucking, shipping, and aviation with hydrogen fuels. trucking, short-sea We
Smart Decision-Support System for Pig Farming

There are multiple participants, such as farmers, wholesalers, retailers, financial institutions, etc., involved in the modern food production process. All of these participants and stakeholders have a shared goal, which is to gather information on the food production process so that they can make appropriate decisions to increase productivity and reduce risks. However, real-time data collection and analysis continue to be difficult tasks, particularly in developing nations, where agriculture is the primary source of income for the majority of the population. In this paper, we present a smart decision-support system for pig farming. Specifically, we first adopt rail-based unmanned vehicles to capture pigsty images. We then conduct image stitching to avoid double-counting pigs so that we can use image segmentation method to give precise masks for each pig. Based on the segmentation masks, the pig weights can be estimated, and data can be integrated in our developed mobile app. The proposed system enables the above participants and stakeholders to have real-time data and intelligent analysis reports to help their decision-making.
Assessment of 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone, Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Diacrylate Poly(ethylene glycol) Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Notwithstanding the advances achieved in the last decades in the field of synthetic bone substitutes, the development of biodegradable 3D-printed scaffolds with ideal mechanical and biological properties remains an unattained challenge. In the present work, a new approach to produce synthetic bone grafts that mimic complex bone structure is explored. For the first time, three scaffolds of various composition, namely polycaprolactone (PCL), PCL/hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANp) and PCL/HANp/diacrylate poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGDA), were manufactured by extrusion. Following the production and characterisation of the scaffolds, an in vitro evaluation was carried out using human dental pulp stem/stromal cells (hDPSCs). Through the findings, it was possible to conclude that, in all groups, the scaffolds were successfully produced presenting networks of interconnected channels, adequate porosity for migration and proliferation of osteoblasts (approximately 50%). Furthermore, according to the in vitro analysis, all groups were considered non-cytotoxic in contact with the cells. Nevertheless, the group with PEGDA revealed hydrophilic properties (15.15° ± 4.06) and adequate mechanical performance (10.41 MPa ± 0.934) and demonstrated significantly higher cell viability than the other groups analysed. The scaffolds with PEGDA suggested an increase in cell adhesion and proliferation, thus are more appropriate for bone regeneration. To conclude, findings in this study demonstrated that PCL, HANp and PEGDA scaffolds may have promising effects on bone regeneration and might open new insights for 3D tissue substitutes.
Impact of Urban Residents’ Environmental Cognition on Voluntary Carbon-Reduction Behavior: The Mediating Role of Environmental Emotion

Urban residents play an essential role in the carbon-reduction process, and it is significant to effectively guide them to reduce carbon voluntarily to achieve the “double carbon” target. In this study, a model was developed to investigate the influence of the environmental cognition (EC), environmental emotion (EE), and voluntary carbon-reduction behavior (VCB) of urban residents. Based on a sample of 978 urban residents in Jiangsu province, we used a multiple regression analysis to investigate the mechanisms of EC and EE on VCB. The results showed that: (1) both EC and EE positively affected residents’ VCB, and EC had a higher impact than EE; (2) the three dimensions of EC (cognition for carbon-reduction knowledge, cognition for environmental issues, and cognition for individual responsibility) and the two dimensions of EE (positive environmental emotion and negative environmental emotion) all had a significant positive effect on voluntary carbon-reduction behavior; and (3) EE played a partial mediating role in the relationship between EC and VCB, and there was no significant difference in the strength of the mediating effect between positive and negative environmental emotion. In conclusion, raising environmental awareness and stimulating environmental emotion have the potential to promote voluntary carbon-reduction behavior among residents.
Rastall gravity extension of the standard CDM model: theoretical features and observational constraints

We present a detailed investigation of the Rastall gravity extension of the standard CDM model. We review the model for two simultaneous modifications of different nature in the Friedmann equation due to the Rastall gravity: the new contributions of the material (actual) sources (considered as effective source) and the altered evolution of the material sources. We discuss the role/behavior of these modifications with regard to some low redshift tensions, including the so-called H0 tension, prevailing within the standard CDM. We constrain the model at the level of linear perturbations, and obtain the first constraints through a robust and accurate analysis using the latest full Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data, with and without including baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) data. We find that the Rastall parameter (null for general relativity) is consistent with zero at 68% CL (with a tendency towards positive values, −0.0001 < < 0.0007 (CMB+BAO) at 68% CL), which in turn implies no significant statistical evidence for deviation from general relativity, and also a precision of O(10−4) for the coefficient −1/2 of the term gμνR in the Einstein field equations of general relativity (guaranteeing the local energy-momentum conservation). We explore the consequences led by the Rastall gravity on the cosmological parameters in the light of the observational analyses. It turns out that the effective source, with a present-day density parameter X0 = −0.0010±0.0013 (CMB+BAO, 68% CL), dynamically screens the usual vacuum energy at high redshifts, but this mechanism barely works due to the oppoa e-mail: akarsuo@itu.edu. tr b e-mail: nihan.katirci@itu.edu. tr c e-mail: suresh.kumar@pilani.bits-pilani.ac. in (corresponding author) d e-mail: rafadcnunes@gmail.com e e-mail: ozturkburc@itu.edu. tr f e-mail: p20170025@pilani.bits-pilani.ac. in sition by the altered evolution of cold dark matter. Consequently, two simultaneous modifications of different nature in the Friedmann equation by the Rastall gravity act against each other, and do not help to considerably relax the low redshift tensions, including the so-called H0 tension. Our results may offer a guide for the research community that studies the Rastall gravity in various aspects of gravitation and cosmology.
Convergence properties of η → 3 π decays in chiral perturbation theory

The convergence of the decay widths and some of the Dalitz plot parameters of the decay η → 3 π seems prob-lematic in low energy QCD. In the framework of resummed chiralperturbationtheory,weexplorethequestionofcompat-ibility of experimental data with a reasonable convergence of a carefully deﬁned chiral series. By treating the uncertainties in the higher orders statistically, we numerically generate a large set of theoretical predictions, which are then confronted with experimental information. In the case of the decay widths, the experimental values can be reconstructed for a reasonable range of the free parameters and thus no tension is observed, in spite of what some of the traditional calculations suggest. The Dalitz plot parameters a and d can be described very well too. When the parameters b and α are concerned, we ﬁnd a mild tension for the whole range of the free parameters, at less than 2 σ C.L. This can be interpreted in two ways – either some of the higher order corrections are indeed unexpectedly large or there is a speciﬁc conﬁguration of the remainders, which is, however, not completely improbable.
Investigation of the lightest hybrid meson candidate with a coupled-channel analysis of ¯ p p -, π − p - and π π -Data

A sophisticated coupled-channel analysis is presented that combines different processes: the channels π 0 π 0 η , π 0 ηη and K + K − π 0 from ¯ pp annihilations, the P-and D-wave amplitudes of the πη and πη (cid:2) systems produced in π − p scattering, and data from ππ -scattering reactions. Hence our analysis combines the data sets used in two inde-pendent previous analyses published by the Crystal Barrel experiment and by the JPAC group. Based on the new insights from these studies, this paper aims at a better understanding of the spin-exotic π 1 resonances in the light-meson sector. By utilizing the K-matrix approach and realizing the analyticity via Chew-Mandelstam functions the amplitude of the spin-exotic wave can be well described by a single π 1 pole for both systems, πη and πη (cid:2) . The mass and the width of the π 1 -pole are measured to be ( 1623 ± 47 + 24 − 75 ) MeV / c 2 and ( 455 ± 88 + 144 − 175 ) MeV.
Estimation of Υ (1S) production in ep process near threshold

The near-threshold photo-productions of heavy quarkonia are important ways to test the QCD-inspired models and to constrain the gluon distribution of nucleon in the large x region. Investigating the various models, we choose a photon–gluon fusion model and a pomeron exchange model for J /Ψ photo-production near threshold, emphasising on the explanation of the recent experimental measurement by GlueX at JLab. We ﬁnd that these two models are not only valid in a wide range of the center-of-mass energy of γ and proton, but also can be generalized to describe the Υ (1S) photo-production. Using these two models, we predict the electro-production cross-sections of Υ (1S) at EicC to be 48 fb to 85 fb at the center-of-mass energy of 16.75 GeV.