Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bonds, Bondholders Protection and Asset Allocation of Multimarket Funds

This paper aims to create a bondholders’ protection index (BPI) and to investigate what the influence of this index would be on multimarket funds’ allocation in corporate bonds. Understanding this relation is relevant because only about 1.36% of multimarket funds’ portfolios correspond to debentures. This study advances the literature by covering a topic little discussed in a Brazilian context, proposing the creation of a BPI, which would be related to the number of automatic maturity clauses, which guarantee immediate payment to bondholders in cases of the rupture of a contract. This research comprised 926 debentures series issued in Brazil from 2009 to 2017, and 1,753 multimarket funds, which allocated some portfolios’ percentage in these securities. In creating the BPI, we contemplated 15 restrictive clauses, which the most common correspond to negligent business performance, liquidation, dissolution and bankruptcy, and restrictions related to company structure. Moreover, we examined less common restrictive clauses as well, including indebtedness policy, shares issuance and amortization, and ratings downgrading. Regarding data analysis, we employed multiple linear regression models, with pooled estimators, applying the standard error correction by White’s robust matrix (1980). The main results suggest that BPI positively effects multimarket funds’ allocation in debentures. Furthermore, this influence is more intense in indentures with higher number of clauses with automatic maturity. Thus, this study contributes to literature about restrictive clauses, since it demonstrates that debentures’ flexible and adaptable structure seems to be interesting for the main bondholders in Brazil.
The role of iron oxidizing bacteria to the quality of leachate on acid sulphate soil

The problem encountered in acid sulphate soil is the presence of pyrite (FeS2) which causes soil to have highly acid reaction when the pyrite is oxidized. The decline in quality not only occurs on the soil but also on the quality of the surrounding waters. One way to improve the quality of the leachate is by draining it through biofilter plants in the form of purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) and bulu babi (Eleocharis retroflaxa) which can absorb or neutralize these elements. The purpose of this research was to know the inoculant influence of iron oxidizing bacteria to leachate quality in acid sulphate soil. The research was conducted on a pot scale in greenhouse. The research was in randomized block design (RBD) of 3-factors with 3 replications. The first factor was inoculants, the second factor was water management, and the third one was phytoremediation material (Eleocharis dulcis and Eleocharis retroflaxa). The results showed that the plant height in the inoculant treatment+wood charcoal was in the range of 89.33−95.33 cm, while that in the inoculant treatment+husk charcoal was in the range of 89.50­­­−93.00 cm. Meanwhile, the yield of rice with bacteria oxidizing iron inoculant+wood charcoal was higher, which was at 6.77 ton.ha -1 than inoculant treatment of oxidizing iron+husk charcoal which was only 5.95 ton.ha -1 .
T HESES OF THE DOCTORAL DISSERTATION

Committee members: President: József Rácz, PhD, DSc, professor, Eötvös Loránd University Opponents: Éva Szabó, PhD, habil. associate professor, University of Szeged Adrienn Ujhelyi, PhD, assistant professor, Eötvös Loránd University Secretary: Anna Kende, PhD, habil. associate professor, Eötvös Loránd University Members: Márta Csabai, PhD, professor, University of Szeged Mónika Szabó, PhD, assistant professor, Eötvös Loránd University Piroska Balog, PhD, assistant professor, Semmelweis University Lan Anh Nguyen Luu, PhD, habil. associate professor, Eötvös Loránd University
Taxonomic Diversity and Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrates of Taabo Lake (Basin of Bandama; Ivory Coast)

The taxonomic diversity and structure of benthic macroinvertebrates of Taabo Lake (Ivory Coast), from November 2017 to October 2018 were evaluated. Water quality parameters, such as temperature (T °C), water transparency (cm), dissolved oxygen (mg.L-1), pH, turbidity (NTU), electrical conductivity (EC, µS.cm-1) were measured in situ using a multi-parameter probe HANNA, from four sampling points (littoral and sub-littoral zones) in Taabo Lake. Benthic macroinvertebrates sampling were collected by using Van veen in stainless steel. A total of 63 benthic macroinvertebrates taxa belonging to 23 Families, 8 Orders, 2 Classes and 2 Phylums (Molluscs and Arthropods) were identified. The most abundant of benthic macroinvertebrates were Mesogastropoda (66%) represented in all sampling points. They were followed by Diptera (25%), Odonata (3%), Ephemeroptera (3%), Basommatophora (2%), Heteroptera (1%), Lepidoptera and Coleoptera (less than 1%). The values of diversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in Taabo Lake showed no significant variations between sampling points.
A Preclinical Porcine Model of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Cirrhosis

Background This study aimed at presenting a novel method of developing a porcine model of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhosis by intravenous administration of thrombin and insertion of a fibered coil. We further investigated changes of biochemical parameters, coagulation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the cirrhosis-PVT group. Methods Twelve male pigs were randomized into the control group (n = 3) and cirrhosis group (n = 9). In cirrhotic pigs, three were randomly selected to establish PVT by ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture of the main portal vein (MPV) followed by intravenous thrombin administration and fibered coil insertion. Thrombosis in the MPV was detected by abdominal enhanced computer tomography (CT). The changes of hepatic function, coagulation system, and inflammation cytokines were compared among normal, cirrhosis, and cirrhosis with PVT groups. Results As manifested by the presence of a filling defect in MPV on portal venous-phase CT angiography, fibrin thrombi were formed in the MPV in cirrhotic pigs within one week and persisted for four weeks. Five weeks after surgery, abnormal liver functions occurred in association with PVT formation in cirrhosis. Both coagulation and thromboelastography parameters showed that cirrhosis-PVT pigs exhibited a procoagulant state through hyperfunction of platelets and clotting factors. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) as a potential inflammatory marker stimulated PVT-mediated inflammation activation in cirrhosis. Conclusions Our study provides in vivo evidence that intravenous injection of a coil and thrombin into MPV under interventional guided devices enables a feasible method in thrombus creation. Further exploration and validation of large-sample cases are required to characterize utilities of this model.
Erratum for “Scheduling real-time mixed-criticality jobs”

—This is an erratum for “Scheduling real-time mixed-criticality jobs” (IEEE Transactions on Computers 2012 [1]) pointing out an error concerning the complexity status, namely the membership in the class NP of deciding schedulability of mixed-criticality (MC) instances. Mem-bership was based on a lemma that appeared not to be true if jobs have release dates. In this erratum we repair the result by a direct argument.
Data Broadcasting in Wireless Environment Using Spectral Approach

Data broadcasting is an efficient approach for disseminating data in the mobile computing environment. To shorten the mobile clients’ average access time, many strategies have been proposed to schedule the order of data items on the broadcast channel. However, the issues of a client accessing multiple data items on the broadcast channel are less discussed. In this paper, we propose an efficient approach using eigenvector to improve the quality of data placement for accessing multiple data items in wireless environment. Experiments are performed to compare to the previous scheduling approach [8] and then show the promise of our data scheduling algorithm.
A Through-Life Cost Analysis Model to Support Investment Decision-Making in Concentrated Solar Power Projects

This research paper aims to propose a through-life cost analysis model for estimating the profitability of renewable concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies. The financial outputs of the model include net present value (NPV) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of the project, internal rate of return (IRR) and discounted payback period (DPBP) of the investment, and levelized cost of energy (LCoE) from the CSP technology. The meteorological data for a specific location in the city of Tucson in Arizona is collected from a network of automated weather stations, and the NREL System Advisor Model (SAM) is applied to simulate hourly energy output of the CSP plant. An Excel spreadsheet tool is designed to calculate, in a bottom-up approach, the financial metrics required for approval of CSP projects. The model is tested on a 50 MW parabolic trough CSP plant and the results show an annual energy production of 456,351,232 kWh, NPV of over $64 million and LCoE of 0.16 $/kWh. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the factors which have the most significant effect on the economic performance of CSP technologies. The proposed model can provide valuable guidance to support the strategic planning and investment decision-making in CSP projects.
Effectivity of Trichoderma harzianum as Bio-fungicide Against Moler Disease and Bio-stimulator of Shallot Growth

Moler disease is the primary disease that disturbs the shallot’ cultivation. Hence, it is beneficial to have preventive measures to mitigate the risk and to improve growth. The research objective is to know the effectivity of Trichoderma harzianum suspension as a bio-fungicide and bio-stimulator. The study used seven treatments, i.e., immersion of shallot seeds on negative control (distilled water), positive control (synthetic fungicide+ZPT 1g/liter), T.harzianum suspension with different concentrations of 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm, and 10 ppm, assigned in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment that results in a significant level will be continued to the Least Significance Different (LSD) 5% test. The observed variables are the intensity of moler disease and the growth of shallot seeds. Experiment results show the significant difference between treatments. The optimal treatment to reduce the percentage of moler disease intensity is the immersion of shallot seeds in 10 ppm-concentrated T.harzianum suspension, while to improve the shallot growth is in 8 ppm-concentrated T.harzianum suspension. The intensity of moler disease has a negative correlation to the plant’s height and leaf’s diameter but shows no correlation pattern to the number of leaves, wet weight, dry weight, and length of roots.
The consequences of specialised governance on spending and expansion of public transit

ABSTRACT Special-purpose governments are commonly characterised as hidden governments with less taxpayer accountability and can issue debt. However, little research has been conducted to see if operating and capital expenses are driven by the public’s perception of need or are a policy consequence of functional specialisation. The following study tests how problem salience and form of government interact to impact local governments’ expenditures. We use National Transit Data (2013–2014) to test these moderating relationships. Our findings indicate that at least in the context of public transit, service area characteristics play a larger role in the spending and expansion than either the form of government or issue salience (as measured in this paper). This also indicates that the moderating effect of salience and governance does not appear to be significant for public transit policy.
Population and Health Students Knowledge, Attitude and Perception towards Epilepsy Patients

Purpose: This study was carried out to determine knowledge and attitude towards epilepsy among University of Cape Coast Population and Health students, Ghana. Methods: This is study was conducted among Population and Health students in the University of Cape Coast by distributing questionnaires constructed in English language. Questionnaires were administered to 200 randomly selected students. Results: Out of the 200 questionnaires collected and analyzed, majority of the students (97.5%) have heard of epilepsy as a disease with the common source of information coming from the University teaching (66.0%). Most of the students (78.0%) reported that epilepsy is a psychiatric disease and about 69% believe that the disease is not treatable and a significant number of the respondents (79.5%) indicated that it is a hereditary disease. The negative attitudes reported by the students include people with epilepsy should not marry close relatives of theirs (53.5%) or shake hands with epileptic patients (54%) while 83% reported that epileptics should not have children and 80.5% indicated not to study or work with epileptics. Conclusion: Students have knowledge about the disease but they have bad or negative attitudes towards epilepsy which need to be improved by enhancing more information through education to improve their knowledge.
UNPACKING THE INFLUENCE OF MAJOR CITIES ON CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE IN CHINA: A PERSPECTIVE OF SPATIAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER

As one of the most concerned topics in environmental and ecological research, the environmental performance of firms is extensively studied while little notices the relationship between firms’ geo-location and major cities. Focusing on the spatial agglomerations of corporate environmental performance (CEP) surrounding major cities in China, we examine the research question of “How could major cities affect firms’ environmental performances”. We propose that major cities affect CEP through knowledge spillover, while the strength of influences depends on firms’ spatial proximity to the central area of major cities. Besides, we argue that CEP knowledge spillover principally consists of knowledge transfer and knowledge conversion, the two modes via which CEP knowledge spills over. Based on a sample of 193 Chinese firms, we find that Firms in spatial proximity to major cities centers could obtain more knowledge transfer and conversion on CEP, and thereby improving their environmental performance. Finally, we discuss the research findings, limitations, and future research directions.
The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Internal Audit Implementation of Quality of Financial Statement through Intellectual Capital in Pt Jakarta Tourisindo

This study aims to: 1) test and analyze the effect of the implementation of good corporate governance influence intellectual capital at PT Jakarta Tourisindo, 2) test and analyze the effect of internal audit on intellectual capital at PT Jakarta Tourisindo, 3) test and analyze the effect of the application of good corporate governance affect the quality of financial statements at PT Jakarta Tourisindo, 4) test and analyze the effect of internal audit affect the quality of financial statements at PT Jakarta Tourisindo, 5) test and analyze the effect of intellectual capital affect the quality of financial statements at PT Jakarta Tourisindo and 6) test and analyze the effect of the implementation of good corporate governance and internal audit affect the quality of reports through intellectual capital at PT Jakarta Tourisindo. The study was conducted at PT Jakarta Tourisindo with a sample of 100 respondents. The sampling technique uses a random sampling technique. The method of data analysis uses descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results showed that: 1) there was a positive and significant effect between good corporate governance on intellectual capital, 2) there was a positive and significant effect between internal audit on intellectual capital, 3) there was a positive and significant effect between the application of good corporate governance on the quality of financial statements, 4) there is no positive and significant influence between internal audit on the quality of financial statements, 5) there is no positive and significant influence between intellectual capital on the quality of financial statements, and 6) there is a positive and significant effect between good corporate governance and internal audit on quality financial statements through intellectual capital.
The Effects of starvation and refeeding on growth and digestive enzymes activity in Caspian brown trout (Salmo caspius Kessler, 1877) fingerlings

240 Caspian brown trout (Salmo caspius) fingerlings with initial weight of 13.74±0.63 g were stored in 300 L tanks to investigate the effect of starvationand refeeding on compensatory growth and digestive enzymes activity. The fish were introduced to four different periods of starvationduring 10 weeks including control (with no starvation: C), 2 weeks (S2), 4 weeks (S4) and 6 weeks (S6) and then fed to satiation during the refeeding period. Sampling for growth and enzymes activity measurements was conducted three times: day 1 (T1), after starvation(T2), after 2 weeks (R2) and 4 weeks [X1] (R4) of refeeding. Results have indicated a significant decrease in growth performance after starvation(p 0.05). Generally, results declared that Caspian brown trout fingerlings could recover digestive capacity after 2 weeks of starvationby appropriate refeeding with no negative impact on growth performance.
Point by point reply to the Referees comments

Line 65 – somewhere in the abstract, specify the number of sites included in this analysis This was added to lines 65-66: ‘. in combination with eddy covariance CO2 exchange fluxes from a Europe-wide network of 22 forest flux towers. ’ Line 67-71 – The reduction of dC/dN from considering factors other than N deposition was for GPP, not NEP, right? that should be clear in the abstract, which describes this response in terms of C sequestration, which generally aligns more closely with NEP. Similarly, be clear about which C cycle term yielded the 40-50 gC/gN response. The sentence on lines 67-69 was rephrased thus: y = 0.74x + 0.12 R 2 = 0.90 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Ndep In Situ (g (N) m -2 yr -1 ) N d e p E M E P ( g ( N ) m 2 y r 1 ) ‘. The response of forest net ecosystem productivity to nitrogen deposition (dNEP/dNdep) was estimated after accounting for the effects on gross primary productivity (GPP) of the co-correlates by means of a meta-modelling standardization procedure, which resulted in a reduction by a factor of about 2 of the uncorrected, apparent dGPP/dNdep value. ’ Line 71: dC/dN was changed to dNEP/dNdep Line 74 – text indicates that the dC/dN response saturates above 2.5-3.0 gN/m2/yr “due to” leaching and other losses. but the latter don’t appear to be measured here? If this attribution is from the model analyses, do indicate that as a modeled result. Leaching and other (gaseous) N losses were measured at some sites, and the results were shown and discussed in the companion (Part I) paper. The model also indicated increased N loss fractions at the upper end of the Ndep range. However, we agree that the causality implied by ‘due to’ was inappropriate in this sentence, and, in response to a comment by the other Referee (#1), we have modified the sentence in the following way: ‘. patterns of gross primary and net ecosystem productivity versus Ndep were non-linear, with no further growth responses at high Ndep levels (Ndep > 2.5–3 g (N) m yr) but accompanied by increasingly large ecosystem N losses by leaching and gaseous emissions. ’
Temporal Evolution of the Bromine Alpha Factor and Equivalent Effective Stratospheric Chlorine in Future Climate Scenarios

Abstract. Future trajectories of the stratospheric trace gas background will alter the rates of bromine- and chlorine-mediated catalytic ozone destruction via changes in the partitioning of inorganic halogen reservoirs and the underlying temperature structure of the stratosphere. The current formulation of the bromine alpha factor, the ozone-destroying power of stratospheric bromine atoms relative to stratospheric chlorine atoms, is invariant with climate state. Here, we refactor the bromine alpha factor, introducing climate normalization to a benchmark climate state, and reformulate Equivalent Effective Stratospheric Chlorine (EESC) to reflect changes in the rates of both chlorine- and bromine-mediated ozone loss catalysis with time. We show that the ozone-processing power of the extrapolar stratosphere is significantly perturbed by future climate assumptions. Furthermore, we show that our EESC-based estimate of the extrapolar ozone-recovery date is in closer agreement with extrapolar ozone recovery dates predicted using more sophisticated 3-D chemistry-climate models than prior formulations of EESC that employ climate-invariant values of the bromine alpha factor.
COPD_A_242767 745..754

James F Donohue 1 Ayca Ozol-Godfrey Thomas Goodin Shahin Sanjar 2 1Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; 2Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Marlborough, MA, USA Purpose: Rescue medication use is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and tends to increase with symptoms and disease severity. An analysis of baseline rescue medication use was conducted to inform on patient phenotypes and subsequent effects on lung function, symptoms, and safety following 12 weeks of nebulized glycopyrrolate (GLY) 25 μg twice daily or placebo in patients with moderate-tovery-severe COPD. Patients and Methods: Pooled data from the 12-week, placebo-controlled GOLDEN 3 and 4 studies (n=781) were used to assign patients into quarters based on baseline rescue medication use (ie, average puffs-per-day) during the run-in period. Placebo-adjusted trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score and EXAcerbations of COPD Tool-Respiratory Symptoms (EXACTRS) total score data were reported; safety was evaluated by reviewing the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs (SAEs). Results: Baseline rescue medication use was a proxy for disease severity, evidenced by decreased lung function, increased health status scores, symptom scores and use of background long-acting β2-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids across quarters and treatment groups. Treatment with GLY led to greater improvements from baseline in trough FEV1, SGRQ and EXACT-RS scores compared with placebo in all rescue medication use quarters. Additionally, the SGRQ and EXACT-RS exhibited greater improvement with increased baseline rescue medication use with GLY treatment. In the Q4 patients, SGRQ (≥4-unit reduction) or EXACT-RS (≥2-unit reduction) responders were significantly greater with GLY compared with placebo. AE and SAE incidences were similar across quartiles. Conclusion: These results suggest that baseline rescue medication use assessments may be useful in the management of COPD. Treatment with nebulized GLY improved lung function and symptom scores, regardless of baseline rescue medication use. These results support the use of nebulized GLY for the treatment of COPD, independent of baseline rescue medication use.