Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Alfvén wave revisited

We develop a series of new analytical expressions describing the physical properties of the kinetic Alfven wave. The wave becomes strongly compressive when is of the order of the ion inertial length. Thus, in a low-β plasma, the kinetic Alfven wave can be compressive at values of k⊥ for which the dispersion relation departs only slightly from that of the usual MHD Alfven wave. The compression is accompanied by a magnetic field fluctuation δB‖ such that the total pressure perturbation δptot ≈ 0. Thus the wave undergoes transit-time damping as well as Landau damping; the two effects are comparable if the ion thermal speed is of the order of the Alfven speed. We find that the transverse electric field is elliptically polarized but rotating in the electron sense; this surprising behavior of the polarization of the Alfven branch was discovered numerically by Gary [1986]. We derive a new dispersion relation which explicitly shows how the kinetic Alfven wave takes on some properties of the large-k⊥ limit of the slow mode. We also derive approximate dispersion relations valid for a multi-ion plasma with differential streaming. We suggest that the kinetic Alfven wave may be responsible for the flattening of density fluctuation spectra observed at large wavenumbers in the corona and in the solar wind. We also find that our derived properties of the kinetic Alfven wave are consistent with its presence in the dissipation range of MHD turbulence [Leamon et al., 1998a, b].
An Audit of Histopathology Reports of Invasive Breast Carcinomas with Reference to Adequacy and Amendments

Background: Periodic auditing of histopathology report (HPR) of breast cancer, monitors compliance and increases the standards of reporting. This study was done to audit the completeness of breast cancer HPR in accordance with the CAP protocol and to analyse the amendments in tumour summaries. Methods: Retrospective review of HPR of invasive breast carcinoma resections from 2016-2020. Core (CE) and non-core elements (NCE) evaluated using CAP protocols. Outcome measures analyzed: (i) overall report completeness for CE (ii) element specific completeness for all reports. Amendments were reviewed. Results: Breast cancer reports included 246 resections. Most common histological variant was ductal type, NOS. Overall completeness was seen in 87%. Biomarker status was available in 83.1%. Reporting format was synoptic-like structured format. CAP protocol underwent five revisions between 2016-2019 with shifting of parameters between CE and NCE. Adequately represented CE: procedure, tumour size & type, Nottingham score, grade, stage, DCIS, margin status, lymph nodes and lymphovascular invasion. Less commonly reported CE: laterality, extent of involvement, size of largest metastatic deposit and extranodal extension. Frequently reported NCE: LVI, architecture/grade of DCIS, findings in adjacent breast. Biomarker reporting and treatment effect was complete in all reports. Amended reports were 4.8%. Majority were transcriptional errors. Conclusion: Common CE were satisfactorily represented in majority. Reasons for deficiencies were frequent change in CAP protocols and flexibility in synoptic-like structured format over synoptic format. The study underscores the need for periodic auditing of breast cancer summaries to monitor gaps in CE reporting. Synoptic reporting with additional free text field will improve compliance and overcome deficiencies.
Lattice Kinetic Schemes for Magnetohydrodynamics

Lattice kinetic equations for simulating incompressible magnetohydrodynamics in two or three dimensions are constructed. The fluid is simulated via a conventional low Mach number lattice Boltzmann scheme, modified to include the Lorentz force due to the magnetic field. The magnetic field is represented by a separate vector-valued magnetic distribution function which obeys a vector Boltzmann–BGK equation. The two distribution functions are only coupled via the macroscopic density, momentum, and magnetic field evaluated at lattice points. This allows a reduced lattice to be used for the magnetic distribution function, with a corresponding saving in storage, which becomes comparable to that for the scalar hydrodynamic distribution function. The magnetic diffusivity may be adjusted independently of the fluid viscosity, unlike an earlier formulation. Numerical experiments with Hartmann flow, the Orszag–Tang vortex, and the doubly periodic coalescence instability compare favorably with results obtained using a spectral method, and with previously published results. The scheme preserved a consistent approximation to the divergence-free condition ∇·B=0 to round-off error.
Factors affecting consumer acceptance and use of mobile delivery applications in South Africa

Background: During the 2020 global coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, mobile delivery applications flourished, facilitating consumer access to groceries. Research has shown, however, that usage remains low in developing countries such as South Africa. Objectives: This research identifies factors that affect the acceptance and use of a mobile delivery application. It provides recommendations for application designers to improve application functionality and usability and for retailers to better understand customer needs. Method: This research adopted an interpretivist stance, utilising the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use 2 (UTAUT2) as a theoretical framework. Data were collected and analysed from 4159 Google Play Store customer reviews using thematic content analysis. Reviews were anonymised, coded and categorised according to the UTAUT2 model constructs. Results: Performance expectancy and facilitating conditions were found to affect acceptance and use of the application. Effort expectancy, hedonic motivation and cost price had a moderate effect. Social influence, habit and price value did not impact the use of the mobile delivery application. Users will depend not only on recommendations from friends and family but also on service costs. Conclusion: This research revealed that users are more likely to accept and use a mobile delivery application if they find it helpful and receive quick assistance when facing technical challenges. Contribution: This research identifies factors that affect the acceptance and use of a mobile delivery application in a geographical area where usage remains low. Retailers may attract more customers and find more success in mobile delivery services by addressing customer concerns and challenges.
Displaying Difference, Displaying Sameness: Mixed Couples’ Reflexivity and the Narrative-Making of the Family

Drawing on qualitative research involving Christian-Muslim couples in Italy, France and Belgium, the article explores the concept of mixedness by employing Finch’s concept of ‘displaying family’ to reach two goals: how the concept of mixedness bears multiple meanings and how the narrative tool of display works in the life story approach. The analysis distinguishes three main dimensions partners deploy to articulate the concept of mixedness. These are: (1) mixedness as a stigma to reject; (2) mixedness as difference that emerges in a couple’s daily life; and (3) mixedness as a resource to be valued by society. The analysis reveals how partners contest and redefine the concept of mixedness and how narratives work as a tool of family display through which partners: deny a socially ascribed negative definition of their family, narratively articulate the activity of ‘doing family’ on a daily basis and (re)signify a contested definition of family.
Vortex dynamics and the existence of solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations

The Biot–Savart model for a vortex filament predicts a finite time singularity in which the maximum velocity diverges as (t*−t)−1/2 for the time t tending to t*. The filament pairs with itself, yet remains locally smooth even though the characteristic length scales as (t*−t)1/2. A multiscale perturbative treatment of the Euler equations is developed for solutions that are locally a two‐dimensional vortex dipole centered on a slowly varying three‐dimensional space curve. For short periods of time the Euler and Biot–Savart solutions agree. Provided this correspondence persists, a sufficiently small viscosity ν will not control the divergence in the maximum velocity until it is of order exp(cst/ν), where cst is a constant of order the filament circulation. Singularities in the Navier–Stokes equations cannot be easily dismissed. The most questionable step in the arguments presented occurs for ν=0, namely whether the Euler vortex dipole solutions break down when they self‐stretch.
Development of a novel angiogenesis-related lncRNA signature to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme

Background Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) can regulate tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, proliferation, and other tumor biological behaviors, and is closely related to the growth and progression of glioma. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of angiogenesis-related lncRNA in the prognosis and immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Methods Differential analysis was carried out to acquire angiogenesis-related differentially expressed lncRNAs (AR-DElncRNAs). The AR-DElncRNAs were then subjected to univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses to construct a prognostic model. Based on the median risk score, patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to estimate the prognostic value of the prognostic model. In addition, a nomogram was built to predict individual survival probabilities by combining clinicopathological characteristics and a prognostic model. Furthermore, immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity analyses were administered to investigate the differences between the high- and low-risk groups. Results We identified 3 lncRNAs (DGCR5, PRKAG2-AS1, and ACAP2-IT1) that were significantly associated with the survival of GBM patients from the 255 AR-DElncRNAs based on univariate Cox and LASSO analyses. Then, a prognostic model was structured according to these 3 lncRNAs, from which we found that high-risk GBM patients had a worse prognosis than that of low-risk patients. Moreover, the risk score was determined to be an independent prognostic factor [hazard ratio (HR) =1.444; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.014–2.057; P<0.05]. The immune microenvironment analysis revealed that the immune score, stromal score, and Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) score were significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. Neutrophils, macrophages, immature dendritic cells (iDCs), natural killer (NK) CD56dim cells, activated DCs (aDCs), and uncharacterized cells were different in the high- and low-risk groups. In addition, the high-risk group had a stronger sensitivity to immunotherapy. Furthermore, the sensitivity of 28 potential chemotherapeutic drugs differed significantly between the high- and low-risk groups. Conclusions A novel angiogenesis-related lncRNA signature could be used to predict the prognosis and treatment of GBM.
Large-Scale ADMM-based Co-Design of Legged Robots

This paper considers the problem of designing legged robots for traversing uneven terrain, wherein terrain characteristics represent uncertainty for the design process. When this process encompasses a wider variety of terrains, the likelihood of the designed robot falling in the real world should decrease. However, computational scalability limits the number of terrains that can be taken into account during design. The proposed framework uses the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) to solve large-scale concurrent design (co-design) problems. The ADMM coordinates the solution of small-size sub-problems and enforces constraints to reach a consensus on the best design. The framework uses stochastic programming (SP) to account for terrain uncertainty and trajectory optimization (TO) to co-optimize a nominal trajectory alongside hardware parameters and a feedback controller. Case studies demonstrate application for a monopod and a quadruped. For the monopod, ADMM facilitated an increase in the number of terrains considered within co-design by 400% compared to SP alone, which contributed to robustifying the design and decreasing its failure probability to under 1% in an anticipated operating space. A multi-scenario co-design implementation for the quadruped had previously been intractable due to scalability limitations. The ADMM framework, by contrast, shows tractability running with 30 terrain types, opening the horizon for designing more complex systems.
Melatonin supplementation improves the intactness of plasma membrane and acrosomal membrane of cryopreserved spermatozoa in Hariana bull

Supplementation of MT @ 2 mM was more beneficial in cryopreservation of Hariana bull spermatozoa as evidenced from post-thawed sperm membrane integrity and acrosomal intactness. Melatonin can be recommended to be used @ 2 mM concentration into the semen extender to increase the post thaw sperm functional attributes in Hariana bull.
“I'mConfident This Will End Poorly”: Robot Proficiency Self-Assessment in Human-Robot Teaming

Human-robot teams are expected to accomplish complex tasks in high-risk and uncertain environments. In domains such as space exploration or search & rescue, a human operator may not be a robotics expert, but will need to establish a baseline understanding of the robot's capabilities with respect to a given task in order to appropriately utilize and rely on the robot. This willingness to rely, also known as trust, is based partly on the operator's belief in the robot's task proficiency. If trust is too high, the operator may unknowingly push the robot beyond its capabilities. If trust is too low, the operator may not utilize it when they otherwise could have, wasting precious time and resources. In this work, we discuss results from an online human-subjects study investigating how a robot communicated report of its task proficiency with respect to an operator's expectations affects trust and performance in a navigation task. Our results show that communication of a robot self-assessment helped operators understand when reliance on the robot was appropriate given the task and conditions. This led to improvements in task performance, informed choices of autonomy level, and increased trust.
Thermal and AC breakdown properties of polypropylene/ethylene-butene elastomer blends

Recently, many types of elastomers have been explored in polypropylene (PP) blend systems as they can modify the mechanical and electrical properties of PP. However, the addition of elastomer to PP may negatively affect the electrical properties of the final blend and hence become the main challenge in PP modification. In this paper, the electrical properties and thermal behaviour of polypropylene/ethylene-butene elastomer (PP/EBE) blends were evaluated. Six samples were prepared by a melt-mixing technique, including pure PP and PP/EBE blends at different elastomer contents. The thermal behaviour of PP blends was characterized by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The obtained results indicated that the addition of 20 wt. % of EBE led to the highest AC breakdown strength. EBE content beyond 30 wt. % appeared to reduce breakdown strength significantly. Meanwhile, the inclusion of EBE in PP blend did not remarkably affect the thermal properties. The crystallinity reduced as the EBE content increased.
Analysis of Biochemical and Hematological Parameters During the First and Second Wave of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among North-East Indian Cancer Patients

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) affects respiratory airways as well as the kidneys, hearts etc. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 infection on biochemical and hematological parameters in cancer patients of North-East India. Methods: The study includes biochemical parameters for 907 and hematological parameters for 1103 cancer patients who were tested for COVID-19 between 1st June 2020 and 1st June 2021. All the data were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS (ver20). Results: AST (p = 0.023), GGT (p = 0.026) and Urea (p = 0.004) significantly increased in COVID-19 positive cancer patients compared to negative cancer patients. Eosinophils (p=0.01), eosinophils absolute (p=0.01), monocyte (p=0.04) and MCHC (p=0.01) were significantly decreased in COVID-19 positive cancer patients compared to negative. Various biochemical and haematological parameters analysed in our study were found to be altered between the COVID-19 positive and negative group but their association was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: We conclude that in cancer patients of North-East India, significant alterations of biochemical and hematological parameters AST, GGT, Urea, Eosinophils, eosinophils absolute, monocyte and MCHC were found in COVID-19 positive cancer patients compared to negative cancer patients.
Group galaxies around giant radio galaxy NGC 6251

We have investigated galaxies around NGC 6251 to search for an associated group. Our main goal is to study the environment around the giant radio galaxy to better understand the reasons for its size and structure. To this end, we have made spectroscopic observations with the 2.16-m optical telescope at Xinglong Station of the National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC) and obtained spectra of 45 objects (including four likely stars). The redshifts give us 10 new galaxies in a group, which are in addition to seven previously known members. The 17 galaxies' positions are compared with the radio emission. The optical velocity dispersion of group members within 0.7 Mpc of NGC 6251 is not consistent with that expected from correlation curves of X-ray luminosity Lx versus velocity dispersion σr. We briefly discuss this result, suggesting that in the NGC 6251 group, the density of X-ray emitting gas is unusually low, and this is the main reason for the size of the radio source.
Solar Subsurface Fluid Dynamics Descriptors Derived from Global Oscillation Network Group and Michelson Doppler Imager Data

We analyze Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) and Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) observations obtained during Carrington rotation 1988 (2002 March 30-April 26) with a ring-diagram technique in order to measure the zonal and meridional flow components in the upper solar convection zone. We derive daily flow maps over a range of depths up to 16 Mm on a spatial grid of 7. °5 in latitude and longitude covering ±60° in latitude and central meridian distance and combine them to make synoptic flow maps. We begin exploring the dynamics of the near-surface layers and the interaction between flows and magnetic flux by deriving fluid dynamics descriptors such as divergence and vorticity from these flow maps. Using these descriptors, we derive the vertical velocity component and the kinetic helicity density. For this particular Carrington rotation, we find that the vertical velocity component is anticorrelated with the unsigned magnetic flux. Strong downflows are more likely associated with locations of strong magnetic activity. The vertical vorticity is positive in the northern hemisphere and negative in the southern hemisphere. At locations of magnetic activity, we find an excess vorticity of the same sign as that introduced by differential rotation. The vertical gradient of the zonal flow is mainly negative except within 2 Mm of the surface at latitudes poleward of about 20°. The zonal-flow gradient appears to be related to the unsigned magnetic flux in the sense that locations of strong activity are also locations of large negative gradients. The vertical gradient of the meridional flow changes sign near about 7 Mm, marking a clear distinction between near-surface and deeper layers. GONG and MDI data show very similar results. Differences occur mainly at high latitudes, especially in the northern hemisphere, where MDI data show a counter cell in the meridional flow that is not present in the corresponding GONG data.
Fast Switching of Vertical Alignment Liquid Crystal Cells with Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks

This paper reports on the electro-optic characteristics of vertical alignment (VA) liquid crystal (LC) cells with liquid crystalline polymer networks. Optical bouncing, that occurs during the turn-on of VA cells, can be eliminated by introducing in-cell polymer networks. Furthermore, the turn-off also becomes much faster because of the anchoring effect caused by the anisotropy in the molecular shape of the liquid crystalline polymers. These response times have been found to vary for different LC/prepolymer mixtures. When the concentration of the liquid crystalline prepolymer in the initial LC/prepolymer mixture was 3, 5, or 10 wt %, the response times were measured to be 34, 56, and 87% faster than those of a VA cell with pure LC. These switching behaviors of VA cells with liquid crystalline polymer networks are demonstrated and compared with those using pure LC and with polymer networks made of isotropic prepolymers.
Acoustic absorption properties of open-cell Al alloy foams with graded pore size

By adjusting the size of preform particles and their stacking routes, the open-cell Al alloy foams with graded pore size were prepared by the melt infiltration method. The effects of pore structures and air gap on the acoustic absorption properties of open-cell Al alloy foams have been investigated. The results show that whether there is an air gap, the open-cell Al alloy foam with graded pore size exhibits better acoustic absorption properties (maximum absorption coefficient, noise reduction coefficient (NRC) and half-width of the absorption peak) than the foams with uniform pore size. The typical maximum absorption coefficient, NRC and half-width of the absorption peak are 0.96–0.99, 0.40–0.64 and 1600–3200 Hz, respectively.
A System Approach for Efficiency Enhancement and Linearization Technique of Dual-Input Doherty Power Amplifier

In this paper, we propose an efficient system approach to improve the power efficiency of dual-input Doherty power amplifier (DIDPA) with maintaining its linearity level. An auto-tuning process based on a hybrid heuristic search control (HHSC) is applied to optimally define DIDPA configuration by optimizing its free parameters. Digital predistortion (DPD) is then integrated to linearize DIDPA using an optimal reduced-complexity model based on the segmentation approach. An optimal pruning process of the free parameters, based on hill-climbing (HC) heuristics, is proposed to reduce the HHSC complexity in order to refine the optimal DIDPA configuration. The system approach has been approved by experimental results, in different scenarios, using an LTE 20 MHz signal with a PAPR of 8 dB. DPD linearization under optimal DIDPA configuration improved linearity using a low-complex model with only 30 coefficients, which exhibited an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 2.5% and an adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) of −50 dB at an averaged output power of 34 dBm. By updating the cost function coefficients and pruning the free parameters, DIDPA exhibited an EVM of 3%, an ACPR of −50 dB, and a drain efficiency of 47% at an average output power of 39 dBm.
Superconductivity and heavy fermion behavior in PrOs 4 Sb 12

Superconductivity has been observed in PrOs 4 Sb 1 2 at T C = 1.85 K and appears to involve heavy fermion quasiparticles with an effective mass m * ∼50 m c as inferred from the jump in the specific heat at T C , the upper critical field near T C , and the normal state electronic specific heat. Thermodynamic and transport measurements suggest that the heavy fermion state has a quadmpolar origin, although a magnetic origin cannot be completely ruled out.