Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OH column abundance over Table Mountain Facility, California: Annual average 1997–2000

The column abundance of OH over Table Mountain Facility, California, (TMF) has been measured regularly since July 1997 using the Fourier‐transform Ultraviolet Spectrometer. The annual average OH column observed for 1998–2000 is 10–20% larger than that observed by another group over Tokyo for 1992–1995; 30–65% smaller than that observed by other groups over Colorado and New Mexico for 1980–1996; and 15–30% smaller than calculated by photochemical models. The Tokyo annual average and model estimates are within the range of geophysical variability for the OH column observed over TMF but the Colorado and New Mexico annual averages are not. This suggests the possibility of systematic errors in one or more of the data sets.
Subjective Well-Being in People with Nephrotic Syndrome: Exploring Role of Lifestyle and Self-Confidence

Sufferers of nephrotic syndrome can be found in both developed and developing countries. All individuals afflicted with nephrotic syndrome, including both children and adults, often experience a loss of hope and find it challenging to attain subjective well-being in their lives. Therefore, this research aims to determine the portrait of subjective well-being in people with nephrotic syndrome by examining the components and factors that influence subjective well-being. The method employed in this research is descriptive qualitative phenomenology. The data collection process in this study utilizes data triangulation, including observation, interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using interactive data analysis methods. The findings of this study indicate that, in general, individuals suffering from nephrotic syndrome tend to have low subjective well-being or face difficulties in achieving it in their lives. This is primarily due to individuals being unable to fulfill the components and factors of subjective well-being, often experiencing higher negative affect than positive affect. Additionally, researchers have identified new factors that influence subjective well-being, namely lifestyle and self-confidence.
Assessing variation in faecal glucocorticoid concentrations in gray whales exposed to anthropogenic stressors

Abstract Understanding how individual animals respond to stressors behaviourally and physiologically is a critical step towards quantifying long-term population consequences and informing management efforts. Glucocorticoid (GC) metabolite accumulation in various matrices provides an integrated measure of adrenal activation in baleen whales and could thus be used to investigate physiological changes following exposure to stressors. In this study, we measured GC concentrations in faecal samples of Pacific Coast Feeding Group (PCFG) gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) collected over seven consecutive years to assess the association between GC content and metrics of exposure to sound levels and vessel traffic at different temporal scales, while controlling for contextual variables such as sex, reproductive status, age, body condition, year, time of year and location. We develop a Bayesian Generalized Additive Modelling approach that accommodates the many complexities of these data, including non-linear variation in hormone concentrations, missing covariate values, repeated samples, sampling variability and some hormone concentrations below the limit of detection. Estimated relationships showed large variability, but emerging patterns indicate a strong context-dependency of physiological variation, depending on sex, body condition and proximity to a port. Our results highlight the need to control for baseline hormone variation related to context, which otherwise can obscure the functional relationship between faecal GCs and stressor exposure. Therefore, extensive data collection to determine sources of baseline variation in well-studied populations, such as PCFG gray whales, could shed light on cetacean stress physiology and be used to extend applicability to less-well-studied taxa. GC analyses may offer greatest utility when employed as part of a suite of markers that, in aggregate, provide a multivariate measure of physiological status, better informing estimates of individuals’ health and ultimately the consequences of anthropogenic stressors on populations.
THE EFFECT OF FIRE ON SOIL QUALITY IN SEMI-STEPPE RANGELANDS OF KARSANAK, CHAHARMAHAL AND BAKHTIARI

1 Occurring fire in rangelands is one of the main degradation factors of soil and ecosystem. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of fire on some crucial factors of soil quality in semi-steppe rangeland of Karsanak region in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Therefore, several sites which were affected by fire at three, two and one years before this study (i.e. 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively) were chosen. Soil water infiltration was measured using tension infiltrometer in 54 points of the study sites. Since the soil samples were taken from depths (0-10 and 15-25 cm) of each site, the numbers of soil samples for laboratory analysis were 108. Independent t-test (P=5%) was used to assess the difference between the measured properties at the burnt and control sites. The results showed that in the burnt areas compared with control areas, saturation hydraulic conductivity and basic water infiltration decreased significantly in 1, 2 and 3 years after fire. Also, the soil organic matter and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD) in surface layer reduced significantly in 1 and 2 years after fire. Particulate organic matter (POM) significantly decreased in surface layer of the burnt areas compared with the control areas, while their differences were not significant in sub-surface layer. Furthermore, soil water dispersible clay (WDC) and bulk density increased significantly in surface layer of all burnt areas compared with control areas. The study results showed that fire had immediate and direct impact on soil physical properties and organic matter and therefore reduced the soil quality of rangelands.
Effect of different composition and emulsifier types on the stability of red palm oil emulsified powder​

Red palm oil (RPO) has high nutritional content such carotene and vitamin E. However, those components in RPO are unstable and sensitive when exposed to light or temperature. Thus, the sensitive and unstable of nature components of red palm oil highlights the importance of encapsulation process via emulsification in early stage. The objective of this study was to investigate the stability of β-carotene in RPO encapsulated powder using α-cyclodextrin as wall material with the comparison of the emulsifier used between sodium caseinate (NaCAS) and lecithin in terms of production of RPO encapsulated powder. The protective effects provided by encapsulated powder process were evaluated in terms of the degradation kinetics of β-carotene at 60 ℃ for 25 days. Stability of β-carotene in RPO emulsified powder was fitted well using a first kinetic model. Degradation of β-carotene in encapsulated powder could be correlated using the first kinetic model. The stability of β-carotene with lecithin as emulsifier in both solid contents (25 wt.% and 35 wt.%) were more stable with degradation rate constant 0.018 day−1day−1 and 0.016 day−1day−1, respectively. Encapsulation process protected RPO during storage, with lecithin emulser performing better than NaCAS emulsifier.
Situated Learning and Education: Development and Validation of the Future Teacher Attitudes Scale in the Application of Augmented Reality in the Classroom

This research article focuses on the design and validation of a questionnaire to analyse future teachers' perceptions of professional skills through the use of Augmented Reality (AR) in higher education, specifically for students in the field of Educational Sciences. The sample consisted of 575 students of Early Childhood Education, Primary Education and Pedagogy during the academic year (2021/2022). The focus of this study is to authenticate a questionnaire that measures the influence of Augmented Reality (AR) on aspects such as situated learning, motivation, and the necessary instructional preparations for the successful integration of AR within classroom educational encounters. The questionnaire is an online Likert-type scale developed based on three dimensions: situated learning, motivation and training. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 and JASP 0.17. 1. The questionnaire met the standards recommended for validation. However, improvements to the instrument are suggested. In conclusion, validation of instruments is necessary to gain a rigorous understanding of the impact of new learning environments.
Strategy Comparison of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gallbladder Drainage to Percutaneous Transhepatic Gallbladder Drainage, Following Failed Emergent Endoscopic Transpapillary Gallbladder Drainage

Endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGBD) is recommended for patients with acute cholecystitis at high risk for surgery/percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD). Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has higher success and mortality rates than ETGBD. Optimal endoscopic drainage remains controversial. Patients with moderate/severe acute cholecystitis and high risk for surgery/PTGBD who underwent ETGBD were enrolled. In the new-ETGBD (N-ETGBD)/traditional-ETGBD (T-ETGBD) strategy, patients in whom the initial ETGBD failed underwent rescue-EUS-GBD in the same endoscopic session/rescue-PTGBD, respectively. Therapeutic outcomes were compared. Patients who could not undergo rescue-EUS-GBD/PTGBD owing to poor general conditions received conservative treatment. Technical success was defined as successful ETGBD or successful rescue-EUS-GBD/PTGBD. Forty-one/forty patients were enrolled in the N-ETGBD/T-ETGBD groups, respectively. The N-ETGBD group had a higher, though non-significant, technical success rate compared to the T-ETGBD group (97.6 vs. 90.0%, p = 0.157). The endoscopic technical success rate was significantly higher in the N-ETGBD than in the T-ETGBD group (97.6 vs. 82.5%, p = 0.023). The clinical success/adverse event rates were similar between both groups. The hospitalization duration was significantly shorter in the N-ETGBD than in the T-ETGBD group (6.6 ± 3.9 vs. 10.1 ± 6.4 days, p < 0.001). ETGBD with EUS-GBD as a rescue backup may be an ideal hybrid drainage for emergency endoscopic gallbladder drainage in high-risk surgical patients.
Nutrient Fluxes, Porewater Profiles and Denitrification in Sediment Influenced by Algal Sedimentation and Bioturbation by Monoporeia affinis

The effects of addition of algae (340 mg C m−2) and of the amphipod Monoporeia affinis (1500 ind m−2) on denitrification; porewater nutrient profiles; nutrient fluxes between sediment and water; and bacterial production were studied. A laboratory experiment was conducted using cores filled with sediment from the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Denitrification (isotope pairing method) was dramatically reduced in the cores enriched with algae (from 200–300 to 10–20 μmol N m−2 day−1). However, the addition of M. affinis together with algae negated this effect. Monoporeia affinis alone increased the coupled nitrification-denitrification as compared to the control cores. Bioturbation by the amphipods oxidised the sediment surface layers and consequently, PO43−concentration in the porewater decreased. In the cores enriched with algae, the loss of N from the sediment porewater was dominated by the efflux of NH4+which formed 90% of the loss. In the M. affinis enriched cores, the share of the NH4+efflux was 60% of which the excretion by M. affinis was 5–10%. The effects of M. affinis were found to be caused mainly by the improved O2conditions in the sediment.
Membrane Localization and Phosphorylation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 (IDO2) in A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells: First Steps in Exploring Its Signaling Function

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (IDO2) is a paralog of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a tryptophan-degrading enzyme producing immunomodulatory molecules. However, the two proteins are unlikely to carry out the same functions. IDO2 shows little or no tryptophan catabolic activity and exerts contrasting immunomodulatory roles in a context-dependent manner in cancer and autoimmune diseases. The recently described potential non-enzymatic activity of IDO2 has suggested its possible involvement in alternative pathways, resulting in either pro- or anti-inflammatory effects in different models. In a previous study on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, we found that IDO2 expression revealed at the plasma membrane level of tumor cells was significantly associated with poor prognosis. In this study, the A549 human cell line, basally expressing IDO2, was used as an in vitro model of human lung adenocarcinoma to gain more insights into a possible alternative function of IDO2 different from the catalytic one. In these cells, immunocytochemistry and isopycnic sucrose gradient analyses confirmed the IDO2 protein localization in the cell membrane compartment, and the immunoprecipitation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins revealed that kinase activities can target IDO2. The different localization from the cytosolic one and the phosphorylation state are the first indications for the signaling function of IDO2, suggesting that the IDO2 non-enzymatic role in cancer cells is worthy of deeper understanding.
The Impact of Self-Paced Online Training on Self-Efficacy and Work Engagement In Private Universities, Bali, Indonesia

: The Covid-19 pandemic has brought changes in the socio-cultural, economic and educational fields. This event is an important concern in maintaining the performance and condition of lecturers when all activities carried out must use online media. Work enthusiasm is the key to maintaining the desire to work without coercion. This can be achieved if lecturers remain engaged through self-paced online training and self-efficacy. The specific objective of this study is to determine the effect of self-paced online training on self-efficacy and work engagement in Private Universities, Bali, Indonesia. The population is all lecturers at private universities in Bali. The sample in this study were 100 people. The sampling technique used snowball sampling. Data collected through questionnaires followed by validity and reliability tests. Data were analysed using SEM-PLS. The results showed that (1) self-paced online training had a positive and significant effect on work engagement, (2) self-paced online training had a positive and significant effect on self-efficacy, (3) self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on work engagement. This has the implication that through online training activities can increase confidence in the abilities possessed by lecturers so as to make them more attached to their work.
The genesis of late Quaternary caliche nodules in Mission Bay, Texas: stable isotopic compositions and palaeoenvironmental interpretation

Caliche is a fairly widespread pedogenic carbonate that commonly has been used to reconstruct palaeoclimatological conditions. Stable isotopic analyses of three types of caliche nodules from Mission Bay, Texas, provide insights into the values and limitations in palaeoenvironmental interpretations. Soft incipient nodules (type I) and partially lithified chalky nodules (type II), composed of low Mg‐calcite, are in situ pedogenic products in the late Quaternary soils; they represent young to intermediate caliche nodules with no obvious diagenesis and, with constraints, can be used to investigate palaeoenvironmental conditions. The well‐lithified hard nodules (type III) dispersed on the beach and shallow bay exhibit complex shapes, fabrics, mineralogy and geochemical compositions. They are mature nodules that have undergone substantial diagenesis and, therefore, are believed to have lost their initial environmental signatures. The incipient nodules in the presently active grey soil and the older subjacent brown soil display significantly different δ13C values, −8·4 and −4·4‰, respectively, which indicates a change in palaeovegetation from C3/C4 mixed to C3‐dominated flora. The δ13C values probably reflect a marked climate shift from warm and dry to cool and wet conditions in the middle Holocene. However, in the same grey soil, there is a sub‐set of incipient caliche nodules with δ13C values around 0·1‰, which is probably due to the input of localized carbon sources in the soil (e.g. shell fragments). The occurrence of essentially identical nodules appearing from the same modern soil horizon with significantly different δ13C values questions the universal reliability of this type of data for palaeoenvironmental interpretation. This study demonstrates that, whereas the stable isotopic compositions of caliche nodules can be used for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, diagenesis and the influence of localized carbonate sources in the soils could lead to erroneous interpretations.
Pengaruh Proses Rekrutmen dan Seleksi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan

PT. Whitesky Aviation is one of the companies engaged in the aviation industry in the field of services with a charter system or non-scheduled flights to continue to improve the professionalism of the services it provides through quality human resources because a good recruitment and selection process will produce qualified human resources. quality. such that it has a significant impact on how well Whitesky Aviation staff operate at the Cengkareng Heliport. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which the recruitment and selection of personnel at PT. Whitesky Aviation's Cengkareng Heliport had an impact on their performance. This study uses a sequential discovery paradigm of quantitative and qualitative analysis known as mixed methods research (Sequantional Explanatory). 35 respondents became research subjects, and interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data. Quantitative data were processed using SPSS version 22 to test the research instrument hypotheses and multiple linear regression, and qualitative data to support quantitative data. The results of this study indicate that the variables of recruitment and selection have a partial or simultaneous effect on the performance of employees of PT. Whitesky Aviation at Cengkareng Heliport. In addition, the R-Square value of recruitment and selection is 35.0%, while the remaining 65.0% is influenced by other variables not included in this study. Abstrak: PT. Whitesky Aviation merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam industri penerbangan dalam bidang pelayanan dengan sistem charter atau penerbangan tidak berjadwal dalam upayanya untuk terus meningkatkan profesionalisme pelayanan yang diberikannya melalui sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas, karena proses rekrutmen dan seleksi yang baik akan menghasilkan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. sedemikian rupa sehingga memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap seberapa baik staf Whitesky Aviation beroperasi di Heliport Cengkareng. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perekrutan dan pemilihan personel di PT. Heliport Cengkareng milik Whitesky Aviation berdampak pada kinerja mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma penemuan sekuensial analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang dikenal dengan penelitian metode campuran (Sequantional Explanatory). 35 responden menjadi subjek penelitian, dan wawancara serta kuesioner digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Data kuantitatif diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 22, untuk menguji instrumen penelitian hipotesis dan regresi linear berganda, dan data kualitatif sebagai pendukung data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel rekrutmen dan seleksi berpengaruh secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Whitesky Aviation di Cengkareng Heliport. Selain itu nilai R-Square dari rekrutmen dan seleksi sebesar 35,0% sedangkan sisanya 65,0% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini.
Causal relationships between type 2 diabetes, glycemic traits and keratoconus

Purpose The relationship between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the potential causal relationships among type 2 diabetes, glycemic traits, and the risk of keratoconus. Methods We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design based on genome-wide association summary statistics. Fasting glucose, proinsulin levels, adiponectin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and type 2 diabetes with and without body mass index (BMI) adjustment were used as exposures and keratoconus was used as the outcome. MR analysis was performed using the inverse-variance weighted method, MR-Egger regression method, weighted-mode method, weighted median method and the MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (PRESSO). Results Results showed that genetically predicted lower fasting glucose were significantly associated with a higher risk of keratoconus [IVW: odds ratio (OR) = 0.382; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.261–0.560; p = 8.162 × 10−7]. Genetically predicted lower proinsulin levels were potentially linked to a higher risk of keratoconus (IVW: OR = 0.739; 95% CI = 0.568–0.963; p = 0.025). In addition, genetically predicted type 2 diabetes negatively correlated with keratoconus (IVW: BMI-unadjusted: OR = 0.869; 95% CI = 0.775–0.974, p = 0.016; BMI-adjusted: OR = 0.880, 95% CI = 0.789–0.982, p = 0.022). These associations were further corroborated by the evidence from all sensitivity analyses. Conclusion These findings provide genetic evidence that higher fasting glucose levels are associated with a lower risk of keratoconus. However, further studies are required to confirmed this hypothesis and to understand the mechanisms underlying this putative causative relationship.
Time and Space Variations in the Radiant Energy Fluxes Over Sloping Forested Terrain and Their Influence on Seasonal Heat and Water Balances at a Middle Latitude Site

Calculations of direct beam radiation are combined with diffuse radiation measurements to produce maps of the global radiation for all slope facets of a forested hill at latitude 45°. Net radiation is derived from the global radiation calculations to give the radiant heat energy available for evapotranspiration and the sensible heating of air and soil on north and south slopes. Measurements of weekly evapotranspiration, the seasonal regimes of soil moisture, snow accumulation and melt, and air and soil temperatures are presented for northand south-facing slopes. The greatest slope differences in global radiation occur in the fall and winter, whereas in summer, variations due to exposure are minimal. Accumulative evapotranspiration over the growing season shows little difference between north and south slopes although substantial differences were noted before leaf development. Differential snow melt leads to complete snow removal from south slopes which is three weeks in advance of those facing north. As a result, north slope soils have stored 50 % more water than their southern counterparts by early spring. Trend surface analysis shows that the spatial distribution of surface soil moisture is correlated with the cubic shape of the hill in early spring and that this pattern persists for at least three months. The greater consumption of available heat for evapotranspiration from northfacing sites results in lower air and soil temperatures than on south-facing ones.