Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative fruit quality parameters of several Japanese plum varieties in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Summary The fruit quality parameters of several Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina Lindl) were studied in two experimental orchards under organic and conventional management. The study was performed during 2008–2010 in the province of Seville (SW Spain). Colour, weight, size, firmness, soluble solid concentration and acidity were measured for fruit quality evaluation. Yield was also determined. In general, the organic fruit was of smaller size and weight. There was little difference in the colour of most of the varieties, but some varieties such as ‘Friar’ and ‘Black Amber’ were more colourful in the organic orchard. The soluble solid concentration and acidity were similar in the fruit from both orchards. The organic plums showed firmness equal to or slightly greater than conventional ones. Dry matter and nitrites were analysed in 2010, and no significant differences were observed in most of the varieties. The accumulated fruit yield was significantly superior in the conventionally managed orchard.
Charge Ordered State in Yb4As3 Studied by a Resonant X‐ray Scattering Technique

The charge ordered state in Yb4As3 has been studied by a resonant x‐ray scattering (RXS) technique near the Yb L3‐edge. The anomalous scattering factors, f′ and f″, of Yb3+ and Yb2+ have been determined using the absorption spectrum of the Yb4As3. Based on the anomalous scattering factors, the valences of the two inequivalent Yb sites, +2 25 −δ and +2 25 + 3δ, have been evaluated by the RXS intensity corresponding to the charge ordering. The fully charge ordered state of δ = 0 25 ± 0 02 was elucidated.
Children in dual-residence arrangements: a literature review

ABSTRACT Dual residence is a post-divorce living arrangement where children spend up to 50% of their time in each parent’s household after separation or divorce. Reflecting societal changes and shifting norms, these arrangements have increased in many Western societies during recent years. The consequences for children have attracted much interest, resulting in a growing body of research. This literature review has a broad scope, reviewing three decades’ international research about children’s dual-residence arrangements (111 peer-reviewed articles in total) with the aim of analysing the development of the research field. Findings demonstrate that research on the topic has progressed since the first-generation studies and reached several important conclusions. However, it is geographically restricted and heterogeneous in terms of disciplinary perspectives, the choice of aspects to investigate, methodology, data and research design. Furthermore, diverse terms, definitions and cultural, demographic and jurisdictional contexts complicate cross-country comparisons. While some distinct components of dual-residence arrangements seem to increase the likelihood of positive outcomes for children, this study points out the difficulties in using the cumulative body of research in the field when drawing conclusions and making recommendations for practice. Despite the rapidly growing body of research, essential gaps in our understanding of dual residence still remain.
Formation of the mass density peak at the magnetospheric equator triggered by EMIC waves

We report a simultaneous observation of two band electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves and toroidal Alfvén waves by the Van Allen Probe mission. Through wave frequency analyses, the mass density ρ is found to be locally peaked at the magnetic equator. Perpendicular fluxes of ions (< 100 eV) increase simultaneously with the appearances of EMIC waves, indicating a heating of these ions by EMIC waves. In addition, the measured ion distributions also support the equatorial peak formation, which accords with the result of the frequency analyses. The formation of local mass density peaks at the equator should be due to enhancements of equatorial ion concentrations, which are triggered by EMIC waves’ perpendicular heating on low energy ions.
Macroscopic parameters for two-phase flow

The purpose of this thesis is the determination of effective flow parameters for a flow process of two immiscible fluids in a heterogeneous porous medium. In par¬ ticular the radial displacement of water by air in a two-dimensional medium with constant inflow rate was considered. This process is relevant for the performance of gas pressure tests in a fracture. In order to determine effective parameters, the heterogeneous medium is described as an equivalent homogeneous one on a scale which is much larger than the scale of the heterogeneities. As a first step, laboratory experiments with artificial heterogeneous porous me¬ dia were performed which were subsequently analysed with an invasion percolation model. It was shown that effective parameters do not capture the impact of the heterogeneities if heterogeneous capillary entrv pressures dominate the flow beha¬ viour. This is due to the fractal properties of the air clusters. In the following, flow conditions which lead to such a flow behaviour were therefore excluded. Another part of this work is the study of numerically generated ensembles of air saturation fields. The time behaviour of generic properties such as the roughness of an gas saturation isoline in the vicinity of the front zone or the variance of the ensemble averaged gas saturation was calculated. The aim was to develop a qualitative understanding of the relevant processes. A reproduction of the averaged fields with a modified homogeneous model was also achieved. Effective flow parameters were also determined analytically with a second order perturbation theory. As a first step the linear system was considered, which is equi¬ valent to solute transport in a radially diverging flow field. It was shown that the heterogeneities cause two important effects m an intermediate time regime. First, a macrodispersion is obtained, which is caused by the fluctuations of the advective flow and which is proportional to the flow velocity. As the velocity decreases with L/r, after some time the influence of the diffusion becomes noticeable which leads to a different time behaviour. The second effect is an increase of the diffusion by the variance of the random field due to the heterogeneities. The fully nonlinear system without capillarity effects was investigated with a second order perturbation theory and with homogenization theory. The results suggest an effect similar to that observed in the linear system. A macrodispersion is obtained, which is proportional to the total flow velocity and which depends on the saturation in a nonlinear way. As opposed to the solute transport case, the description of the influence of the heterogeneity as a macrodispersion which is proportional to the flow velocity has no counterpart in the homogeneous model in the two-phase flow equations. The analytically calculated macroscopic effects were qualitatively confirmed by the numerical computations.
A social capital view of women on boards and their impact on firm performance

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to leverage a two-sided view of social capital to develop a model of board gender diversity and firm performance using social capital data from Northeast Regional Center of Rural Development.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine a large sample of 2,322 US publicly listed firms over the period 1996 to 2009. The final sample consists of 14,634 firm-year observations.FindingsThe authors find that when a firm's social network is not supportive of gender diversity, corporate boards have lower levels of female representation. The strength of a social network's social ties exacerbates the relationship between social capital and board gender diversity. The authors also report a negative relationship between female board membership and firm performance in social networks that are not pro-diversity. Robustness tests reveal that the authors’ social capital view of board diversity also applies to board ethnic diversity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focuses primarily on blue chip firms due to data constraints. It will be interesting for future researchers to investigate a broader spectrum of firms from a broader perspective of diversity beyond the study’s gender and ethnicity findings. Furthermore, this study assesses the US context, and future research could investigate firm sociability in other national contexts.Practical implicationsThis study contributes new insights to the discourse on gender diversity on corporate boards which stand to inform both policy and practice. The results of the study can inform the position of an industry association on board gender diversity, with guidance on how messaging across networks can be more effective should it account for the hidden bias that the authors uncover in the current study. From a manager's perspective, this study can help those managers and boards trying to enhance board gender diversity by providing a more complete understanding of the factors that can limit progress.Originality/valueThis study contributes a social capital view of board gender diversity to the growing literature of corporate governance, board diversity and local environmental influences on corporate policies.
Larviposition site selection mediated by volatile semiochemicals in Glossina palpalis gambiensis

1. Tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) are K‐strategist species and deposit a single larva at 10‐day intervals in specific sites. As larviposition site selection strongly impacts reproductive success, the selection of larviposition sites is unlikely to be random and will be subject to strong selective processes, probably mediated by specific cues.
“How to Sustain National Security”: A Case Study of the Celebrations of the Slovak National Uprising as a Securitization Platform

This paper focuses on the ways in which political actors make use of historical legacies to present their own determination to sustain their country’s national security. We use the example of the annual celebrations of the anniversary of the Slovak National Uprising (SNU) to demonstrate the ways in which similar celebrations can become a platform for political actors to express requests and address their audience. Using semi-participant observation, we have analyzed six years of these celebrations (2015–2020) and the securitizing strategies and moral panic creation strategies contained in the speeches of participating politicians. Our analysis shows that securitization is taking place, and labels of threat sources are being given not only to topics that are naturally linked to the celebrated event, but also topics that are in no way related to SNU. Despite this fact, politicians use the legitimacy of the event to manifest their own attempts at sustaining security.
Consequences of potassium, magnesium sulphate fertilization of high density Fuji apple orchards

Neilsen, G. H. and Neilsen, D. 2011. Consequences of potassium, magnesium sulphate fertilization of high density Fuji apple orchardsConsequences of potassium, magnesium sulphate fertilization of high density Fuji apple orchards. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 1013–1027. Three annual broadcast fertilizer treatments of 0, 100 or 200 kg K ha-1 as K, Mg sulphate (KMag) were applied in a randomized complete block design with six replicate multi-tree plots. The study was undertaken for three successive growing seasons in eight commercial apple orchards of fruiting ‘Fuji’/M.9 (Malus × domestica Borkh.) located on coarse-textured soils typical of the Okanagan valley fruit production region of southern British Columbia. After 3 yr, KMag fertilization increased the amount and proportion of exchangeable K and Mg at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth. Soil exchangeable Ca was generally decreased in the surface 0-10 cm layer although the Ca/∑[Ca+Mg+K] ratio decreased over the surface 20 cm. During the study, application of KMag fertilizer often increased leaf and fruit K concentrations, minimally affected leaf Mg and sometimes decreased fruit Ca concentration by years 2 and 3 and had little effect on fruit K/Ca or Mg/Ca ratio. KMag fertilization was effective in an orchard of marginal K nutritional status, increasing cumulative yield, fruit size and red colouration, implying an economic response to the K contained in the fertilizer. KMag fertilization was effective for maintaining leaf Mg concentration, but could not be relied upon to increase deficient leaf Mg. There were no widespread declines in fruit Ca concentration, nor increases in Ca-related harvest disorders after 3 yr of KMag fertilization, despite declines in exchangeable Ca and Ca/∑[Ca+Mg+K] in surface soil layers.
Optimasi Penambahan Gliserol sebagai Plasticizer pada Sintesis Plastik Biodegradable dari Limbah Nata de Coco dengan Metode Inversi Fasa

Limbah nata de coco merupakan nata yang tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai produk setelah proses sortasi sehingga menghasilkan limbah padat dan jarang dimanfaatkan. Kandungan selulosa pada limbah padat nata de coco sebesar 42,57%. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat plastik biodegradable dengan hasil limbah nata de coco dengan penambahan plasticizer . Metode yang digunakan pada pembuatan plastik biodegradable ini adalah metode inversi fasa dengan variasi berat selulosa 2%; 2,5%; dan 3% (b/v), variasi volume gliserol sebesar 2%, 3%, dan 5% (v/v), dan penambahan kitosan sebagai penguat. Karakteristik pastik biodegradable diuji menggunakan UTM ( Universal Testing Machine ) dan FTIR ( Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ). Plastik biodegradable yang dihasilkan dari berbagai perbandingan berat selulosa dan volume gliserol memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik optimal memiliki nilai kuat tarik optimal sebesar 4,34 MPa, nilai elongasi optimal sebesar 4,44% dan nilai ketahanan air optimal sebesar 65,20%. Pada analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan tidak ditemukan adanya gugus fungsi baru dalam plastik biodegradable selain gugus fungsi bahan pembentuknya. Pada uji biodegradabilitas, diperoleh nilai biodegradabilitas sebesar 80% – 100% setelah ditimbun di dalam tanah selama 14 hari. Nata de coco waste is nata that cannot be used as a product after the sorting process so that it produces solid waste and is rarely utilized. The cellulose content in nata de coco solid waste is 42.57%, the purpose of this study is to make biodegradable plastic with the results of nata de coco waste by adding plasticizers. The method used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics is the phase inversion method with cellulose weight variation; 2%; 2.5%; and 3% (w / v), variations in the volume of glycerol by 2%, 3%, and 5% (v/v), and the addition of chitosan as an amplifier. The biodegradable plastic characteristics were tested using UTM (Universal Testing Machine) and FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Biodegradable plastics that are produced from various weight cellulose and glycerol volume ratios have different characteristics. Biodegradable plastic with optimal characteristics has an optimal tensile strength value of 4.34 MPa, optimal elongation value of 4.44% and an optimal water resistance value of 65.20%. In the analysis of functional groups (FTIR) no new functional groups were found in biodegradable plastics in addition to the functional groups forming materials. In the biodegradability test, a biodegradability value of 80% - 100% is obtained after being buried in the ground for 14 days.
A Mega-Tsunami in the Baltic Sea 1171 BC: Geological Records with Special Reference to the Lake Mälaren Area in Sweden

At about 3000 C14-year BP or 1200 cal. yrs BC, the Baltic Sea experienced a mega-tsunami with a wave-height of 10 m or more, and a run-up height of up to 16.5 m. This event had significant geological and archaeological effects. We explore the records from the Lake M? laren area in Sweden. The tsunami event is linked to seismic ground shaking and methane venting tectonics at several sites. The triggering factor is proposed to be the Kaali meteor impact in Estonia of the same age. The documentation of a mega-tsunami in the middle of the Bronze Age has wide implications both in geology and in archaeology. The archaeological key sites at Annelund and Apalle are reinterpreted in terms of tsunami wave actions remodelling stratigraphy. By extensive coring, we are able to trace the tsunami effects in both off-shore and on-shore environment. At the time of the event, sea level was at +15 m (due to isostatic uplift). The tsunami wave erosion is traced 13.5 m below sea level. The tsunami run-up over land is traced to +29.5 m to +31.5 m (occasionally even higher), implying a run-up of 14.5 - 16.5 m. In ? ngermanland, the tsunami event was absolutely dated at 1171 varve years BC. Archaeologically, the tsunami event coincides well with the transition between Periods II and III of the South Scandinavian Bronze Age. Period III has traditionally been difficult to identify in the cultural materials of the Lake M? laren region.
The Effect of Monetary Policy on Economy Growth of WAEMU Countries

This paper examines the relationship between economic growth and monetary policy. Using panel cointegration structure for the eight West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries, we examine the impact of monetary policy on growth covering the period of 1988-2018. The results from estimation analysis showed that money supply and gross fixed capital formation had positive and significant impact on economic growth. The finding also shows that the real interest rate had significant effect on economic growth. The domestic credit to the private sector and the official exchange rate indicated a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth.
Childhood Maltreatment and Risk of Harm to Self and Others: The Role of Sex and Polyvictimization

Objectives: Research has shown that children who experience abuse and neglect are at much higher risk of experiencing negative outcomes such as physical and mental health problems, social skill deficits, and poor quality of life. The goal of this paper was to examine the relationship between polyvictimization and risk of harm to self and others, taking into account both age and sex differences. Methods: A total of 8980 participants (4156 with maltreatment history) were recruited from over 50 mental health facilities in Ontario, Canada. Group comparisons were completed to examine types of trauma experienced, and risk of harm to self and others. Results: Among our sample, we found that 29% of children and youth had experienced multiple types of interpersonal trauma. We also found that while female children and youth who had experienced trauma were at greater risk of harm to themselves, males were at greater risk of harming others. Further, our results highlight that children and youth who had experienced multiple types of maltreatment, regardless of age or sex, were at the greatest risk of harm to self and others. Implications: Findings from this research highlight that interpersonal trauma is multifaceted and add to existing evidence that there is a cumulative relationship between experiencing multiple types of maltreatment and risk in relation to harming oneself or others. Our findings underscore the importance of a background assessment that takes into account all forms of maltreatment in order to properly understand risk of harm and inform intervention.
Causality between Economic Policy Uncertainty and Tourism Using Three-dimensional Wavelet-based Approaches

ABSTRACT This study provides new insights into the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and tourism activities in the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) countries. We used continuous three-dimensional wavelets based on Granger causality analysis to investigate the relationship between EPU and tourism using the annual data. The finding shows that the relationships between the variables evolve through time and frequencies. We uncover significant wavelet coherence and strong lead–lag relationships changing over time, displaying low- to high-frequency cycles over the whole sample period.
The use of Doppler ultrasound as a potential fertility predictor in male goats

Diego Luiz dos Santos RIBEIRO, Larissa Sarmento dos SANTOS, Itamara Gomes de FRANÇA, Héllyda Gomes PEREIRA, Joaquim de Sousa LIMA, Bento Douglas Brito MIRANDA, Alcina Vieira de CARVALHO-NETA, José Ribamar de Souza TORRES-JÚNIOR* Master in animal Science, Maranhão State University, São Luís/MA, Brazil Pathology Department, Maranhão State University, São Luís/MA, Brazil Biodiversity and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon (BIONORTE), Maranhão State University, São Luís/MA, Brazil Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha/MA, Brazil Chemistry and Biology Department, Maranhão State University, São Luís/MA, Brazil Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís/MA, Brazil
Shear dispersion from near‐inertial internal Poincaré waves in large lakes

In this work, we study mixed layer lateral dispersion that is enhanced by near‐inertial internal Poincaré waves in the offshore region of a large stratified lake, Lake Michigan. We examine the hypothesis that the vertical shear created by near‐inertial internal Poincaré waves is not only an energy source for vertical mixing in the thermocline and mixed layer, but also enhances horizontal dispersion via an unsteady shear flow dispersion mechanism. Complex empirical orthogonal function analysis reveals that the dominant shear structure is observed to mirror the thermal structure, with the location of maximum shear gradually lowered as the mixed layer deepens. This changing structure of shear and vertical mixing produces different characteristics in shear flow dispersion between the early and later stratified periods. The estimated depth‐averaged surface layer vertical turbulent diffusivity grows from 10−5 m2s−1 to 10−3 m2s−1 over the stratified period, and the associated lateral dispersion coefficients are estimated as 0.1 – 40 m2s−1 . The Poincaré waves are found to enhance greatly lateral dispersion for times less than the inertial period following release. In contrast, sub‐inertial shear is the dominant mechanism responsible for shear dispersion for times greater than the inertial period. A simple approximation of the dispersion coefficient for lateral dispersion is developed, which scales as the product of surface current velocity (or wind friction velocity) and mixed layer depth. The calculated dispersion coefficients agree well with Okubo's diffusion diagram for times up to a week, which suggests that unsteady shear dispersion is a plausible mechanism to explain observed dispersion rates in the mixed layer for early times after release.
Holistic or Traditional Conceptions of Heritage among Early-Childhood and Primary Trainee Teachers

This study examines the conception of heritage—holistic or traditional—among future early-childhood and primary teachers. In order to do this, our objective was to analyze trainee teachers’ perceptions surrounding the conception of heritage. To carry out the analysis, we designed and validated a questionnaire with closed-ended questions (Likert scale 1–5) and one open-ended question about the elements that respondents considered to be part of what we define as heritage. The participants (n = 602) study at the universities of Alicante, Murcia, and Córdoba, and the investigation took place during 2018/19 and 2019/20 academic years. The results show a traditional conception that is still attached to immovable monumental heritage, with lower scores for intangible and natural heritage. However, there were some high scores for traditions and popular festivals, which are a frequent educational resource in early-childhood and primary classrooms. In conclusion, this non-holistic conception of heritage could be changed if an active and varied use of heritage resources were introduced from the early stages of education.