Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discrepancy analysis comparing molecular and histology diagnoses in kidney transplant biopsies

Discrepancy analysis comparing two diagnostic platforms offers potential insights into both without assuming either is always correct. Having optimized the Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System (MMDx) in renal transplant biopsies, we studied discrepancies within MMDx (reports and sign‐out comments) and between MMDx and histology. Interpathologist discrepancies have been documented previously and were not assessed. Discrepancy cases were classified as “clear” (eg, antibody‐mediated rejection [ABMR] vs T cell–mediated rejection [TCMR]), “boundary” (eg, ABMR vs possible ABMR), or “mixed” (eg, Mixed vs ABMR). MMDx report scores showed 99% correlations; sign‐out interpretations showed 7% variation between observers, all located around boundaries. Histology disagreed with MMDx in 37% of biopsies, including 315 clear discrepancies, all with implications for therapy. Discrepancies were distributed widely in all histology diagnoses but increased in some scenarios; for example, histology TCMR contained 14% MMDx ABMR and 20% MMDx no rejection. MMDx usually gave unambiguous diagnoses in cases with ambiguous histology, for example, borderline and transplant glomerulopathy. Histology lesions or features associated with more frequent discrepancies (eg, tubulitis, arteritis, and polyomavirus nephropathy) were not associated with increased MMDx uncertainty, indicating that MMDx can clarify biopsies with histologic ambiguity. The patterns of histology‐MMDx discrepancies highlight specific histology diagnoses in which MMDx assessment should be considered for guiding therapy.
Head-Shaking Nystagmus in the Early Stage of Unilateral Meniere's Disease.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of head-shaking nystagmus (HSNy), evoked after the resolution of a vertigo spell, to predict an imminent crisis in the early stage of Meniere's disease (MD). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 20 patients in the early stage of MD were included in the study. The head-shaking test (HST) was performed twice, during the first visit within 24 h of vertigo spell (T0) and 48 h later (T1). The onset of a new vertigo episode during the 2 weeks following the first visit was recorded in each patient's medical record. The sensitivity and specificity of HSNy toward predicting a new vertigo episode were calculated. RESULTS At T0, an evoked ipsilesional HSNy in 15 (75%) patients was observed; in four of them, the HSNy had a biphasic component. The HSNy was present and persistent at T1 in 8 (42.1%) patients; among these cases, 6 patients had ipsilesional HSNy, and 2 patients a contralesional HSNy. None of the patients presented with a biphasic HSNy at T1. Seven (36.8%) patients experienced the recurrence of a vertigo crisis. Among these, 6 patients had ipsilesional HSNy at T1. Only 8 patients with ipsilesional HSNy at T0 did not have recurrence. The sensitivity of the ipsilesional HSNy in predicting the recurrence of vertigo in patients with MD was 100% at T0 and 85.7% at T1. The specificity was 46.6% and 100% at T0 and T1, respectively. CONCLUSION The HST can be a useful test in the early stages of MD to predict a new vertigo attack.
Microfluidic Transportation Control of Larval Zebrafish through Optomotor Regulations under a Pressure-Driven Flow

To perform zebrafish larvae-related experiments within a microfluidic environment, the larvae need to be anesthetized and subsequently transported into respective test sections through mechanical or manual means. However, anesthetization tends to affect larval sensory perceptions, hindering their natural behaviors. Taking into account that juvenile larvae move naturally within their environment by accessing visual as well as hydromechanical cues, this work proposes an experimental framework to transport nonanesthetized larvae within a microfluidic environment by harmonically tuning both of the aforementioned cues. To provide visual cues, computer-animated moving gratings were provided through an in-house-developed control interface that drove the larval optomotor response. In the meantime, to provide hydromechanical cues, the flow rate was tuned using a syringe pump that affected the zebrafish larvae’s lateral line movement. The results obtained (corresponding to different test conditions) suggest that the magnitude of both modalities plays a crucial role in larval transportation and orientation control. For instance, with a flow rate tuning of 0.1 mL/min along with grating parameters of 1 Hz temporal frequency, the average transportation time for larvae that were 5 days postfertilization was recorded at 1.29 ± 0.49 s, which was approximately three times faster than the transportation time required only in the presence of hydromechanical cues.
Neurocognitive Mechanism of Human Resilience: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Review

Resilience is an innate human capacity that holds the key to uncovering why some people rebound after trauma and others never recover. Various theories have debated the mechanisms underlying resilience at the psychological level but have not yet incorporated neurocognitive concepts/findings. In this paper, we put forward the idea that cognitive flexibility moderates how well people adapt to adverse experiences, by shifting attention resources between cognition–emotion regulation and pain perception. We begin with a consensus on definitions and highlight the role of cognitive appraisals in mediating this process. Shared concepts among appraisal theories suggest that cognition–emotion, as well as pain perception, are cognitive mechanisms that underlie how people respond to adversity. Frontal brain circuitry sub-serves control of cognition and emotion, connecting the experience of physical pain. This suggests a substantial overlap between these phenomena. Empirical studies from brain imaging support this notion. We end with a discussion of how the role of the frontal brain network in regulating human resilience, including how the frontal brain network interacts with cognition–emotion–pain perception, can account for cognitive theories and why cognitive flexibilities’ role in these processes can create practical applications, analogous to the resilience process, for the recovery of neural plasticity.
Occlusion at 5 Years of Age Following Hard Palate Closure With Vestibular Flap

Objective: This study aims to assess occlusal relationships and frequency of oronasal fistula at 5 years of age following 2 hard palate closure techniques and to compare results. Design: Retrospective longitudinal study. Setting: Institutional study. Patients: Study patients included 57 patients with nonsyndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate who were consecutively treated. All patients underwent our early 2-stage protocol for palatoplasty, which consisted of soft palate plasty at 1 year of age and hard palate closure at 1.5 years of age. Twenty-nine patients underwent hard palate closure using vestibular flap (VF group) technique (2009-2011) and 28 patients underwent conventional hard palate closure with local palatal flap (LPF group) technique (2006-2008). Main Outcome Measures: Occlusal relationships were assessed with 5-year-olds’ index, and frequency of oronasal fistula was investigated. Results: Average 5-year-olds’ index scores for VF and LPF groups were 3.11 and 3.57, respectively (P < .001). Oronasal fistula occurred in approximately 7% of patients in the VF group and in 18% of patients in the LPF group. Conclusion: Hard palate closure with VF technique may provide better occlusal relationships at 5 years of age than does conventional local closure with the LPF.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF A VISCOUS FLUID FLOW PAST A CIRCULAR CYLINDER IN AN UNBOUNDED DOMAIN

This paper describes a numerical study on heat transfer and fluid flow for unsteady, incompressible, Newtonian fluid past a circular cylinder in an unbounded domain based on Thompson, Thames, Mastin (TTM) method of automatic boundary fitted co-ordinate generation system. Finite difference implicit method, based on vorticity-stream function formulation with uniform inlet flow conditions, is employed for unsteady state computations for Reynolds numbers in the range 20-200. Length of recirculation zone and separation angle measured and the results are validated with previous work. Time-dependent periodic behavior of stream lines for Reynolds number from 50 up to 200 shows periodicity of flow field. The unsteady periodic shedding regime of vorticity isolines for Reynolds numbers are shown. The anti-clockwise positive vortices shed from the lower side of the cylinder and occupy the lower portion of the street. The clockwise negative vortices shed from upper side of the cylinder and occupy the upper portion of the street. The time-evolution of Nusselt number, averaged over the surface of the cylinder, for different Reynolds numbers are shown. The frequency of vortex shedding and the amplitude of the fluctuating average Nusselt number increases with Reynolds number.
CHANGES IN EXTRA-TROPICAL STORM TRACKS AND CYCLONE ACTIVITY AS DERIVED FROM TWO GLOBAL REANALYSES AND THE CANADIAN CGCM2 PROJECTIONS OF FUTURE CLIMATE

In this study, a cyclone detection/tracking algorithm was used to identify cyclones from three gridded 6-hourly mean sea level pressure datasets: the ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses for 1958-2001, and the Canadian CGCM2 projections for 1975-94 and 2080-99 under the IS92a forcing scenario. The changes are discussed in terms of storm tracks position, lifespan of cyclone-tracks, and cyclone occurrence frequency and its distribution over its intensity. The results show that the most substantial changes of cyclone activity are associated with the number and track of strong cyclones (central pressure < 990 hPa), especially in the northern hemisphere. This is true for both the observed and the CGCM2 projected climates. In the past half century, the changes are characterized by a significant increase in the number of strong winter and spring cyclones over the North Pacific (NP) sector, and strong autumn and winter cyclones in the North Atlantic (NA) sector. In particular, the mean track of strong cyclones in the NA sector has shifted slightly northward in winter. Also, the ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses show generally comparable changes in the storm tracks and cyclone activity. In the NP sector, CGCM2 projects a clockwise rotation of the NP storm track in winter and a northward shift of the NP storm track with an anti-clockwise rotation of the eastern Asia storm track in spring. In the NA sector, the projected changes are characterized by a significant increase in the number of strong cyclones over northern Eurasia in all seasons except summer (also over the Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea in autumn and winter). In general, changes are often characterized by increases in the number of cyclones in cold seasons but by longer lifespan of cyclone-tracks in the warm seasons. The changes projected for the southern hemisphere are less notable than those for the northern hemisphere and are characterized by significant deductions in the number of strong cyclones in the region between 45°S and 60°S.
Make-believe Politics: Gaming for Democratic Competences

This article is based on a master’s thesis written during the spring and summer of 2018. The project employs a mixed methods design to investigate development of democratic competence in an educational roleplaying game administered by the Swedish parliament. The qualitative leg of the study uses a practice theoretical approach to address the experience of enacting democratic practices and thereby development of democratic know-how. The quantitative leg uses pre and post game survey data to investigate effects of the game on democratic attitudes. The quantitative analysis does not show any significant effects on democratic attitudes. The qualitative analysis shows an ambiguous practice where role performances take many forms and the enactment of democratic practices is heterogeneous. The article concludes that for the game to be a successful representation of real democratic practices and function as an educational game, a balance needs to be found between ambiguity and didactical structure.
Micronuclei Formation and Comet Assay in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Recently the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been linked with DNA damage and genomic instability. Amis of this study to evaluated some parameters of genetic instability such as micronuclei and comet assay score in women with PCOS. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of DNA damage were evaluated by measured of micronuclei and comet assay in 25 patients with PCOS and 15 normal menstrual women as control group. The results showed higher significant differences in the level of micronuclei and comet score in patients with PCOS compared with normal women. We concluded that, the genetic instability more occurred in patients with PCOS when compared with control group.
The Relationship Between Dividend Policy And Financial Performance: A Review Of Literature

The importance of dividend policy in the current business world of significant agency problems between the principal and agent cannot be over emphasized. Those saddled with the responsibility to oversee the affairs of the organization are confronted with the decisions to improve the firm value; such decisions bother on financing structure, investment in assets and dividend policy. Dividend policies are crucial aspect of organization management and it serves as a mechanism for rewarding owners of a company for their investment. According to Nssim and Ziv (2001) dividend policies provide a guideline for deciding dividend payments to shareholders dividend represents the return accruing to shareholders for investing in an organization in order to acquire stocks (Eriki and Okafor,2002) dividend policy on the other hand deals with the division of profit (Net) between shareholders. Financial performance on the other hand, can be viewed as how well a firm enhances its shareholders’ wealth and the capability of the firm to generate earnings from the capital invested by shareholder. Financial statements are yardsticks for measuring a firm’s performance. Dividend payout can be used as a device to communicate information about a company’s financial performance to investors. Cash dividend announcement conveys valuable information which shareholders do not have about management and assessment of a firm’s future profitability thus reducing information asymmetry. Such information can be used by investors in assessing the firm’s financial performance and making investment decision (Murekefu et al., 2012) Dividend decisions are important because they determine what funds flow to investors and what funds are retained by the firm for investment (Ross et al., 2002). Firm investment determines future earnings and future potential dividend, and influence the cost of capital (Foong et al., 2007).
The First Description of the Larva of Neoperla

The larva of Neoperla gordonae Stark, 1983 has not been described in previous studies, and some characteristics of Cryptoperla meo Stark, 1989 in the larva stage do not resemble the previous descriptions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the morphological characteristics of the larva stage of Neoperla gordonae and Cryptoperla meo from Huai Nam Dung National Park, Thailand. The larvae of Neoperla gordonae were collected from two streams of Huai Nam Dung National Park: Huai Hea and Mae Yen Streams, whereas the larvae of Cryptoperla meo were collected from three streams: Nam Dung, Mae Jok, and Mae Ping Streams. The larvae of the two species were reared and emerged in the laboratory, that both larvae and adults could be used for the purpose of identification.
Population Structure Analyses Provide Insight into the Source Populations Underlying Rural Isolated Communities in Illinois

abstract We have previously hypothesized that relatively small and isolated rural communities may experience founder effects, defined as the genetic ramifications of small population sizes at the time of a community's establishment. To explore this, we used an Illumina Infinium Omni2.5Exome-8 chip to collect data from 157 individuals from four Illinois communities, three rural and one urban. Genetic diversity estimates of 999,259 autosomal markers suggested that the reduction in heterozygosity due to shared ancestry was approximately 0, indicating a randomly mating population. An eigenanalysis, which is similar to a principal component analysis but run on a genetic coancestry matrix, conducted in the SNPRelate R package revealed that most of these individuals formed one cluster, with a few putative outliers obscuring population variation. An additional eigenanalysis on the same markers in a combined data set including the 2,504 individuals in the 1000 Genomes database found that most of the 157 Illinois individuals clustered into one group in close proximity to individuals of European descent. A final eigenanalysis of the Illinois individuals with the 503 individuals of European descent (within the 1000 Genomes Project) revealed two clusters of individuals and likely two source populations; one British and one consisting of multiple European subpopulations. We therefore demonstrate the feasibility of examining genetic relatedness across Illinois populations and assessing the number of source populations using publicly available databases. When assessed, population structure information can contribute to the understanding of genetic history in rural populations.
Trade Liberalisation, Import of Capital Goods and Export Performance: Evidence from the Organised Manufacturing Sectors in India

The objective of the study is to examine the impact of import of capital goods on the export performance of organised manufacturing sectors in India. Capital goods, often considered as the source of embodied technology, is a necessary and critical factor input in the production activities of modern manufacturing. We know that the majority of the production of capital goods are produced in the high-income countries whereas in the less income countries, characterised by resource scarcity and structural rigidities, the production of capital goods are often inadequate and inefficient. In this context, the economic integration through trade is expected to offer significant opportunity for domestic manufacturing firms to access and adopt these superior technologies in the production process. The wider choices and technical change from adopting knowledge-intensive inputs will help diffuse technology, improve production capability and increase cost efficiency and competitiveness of the manufacturing production and exports. In this context, the present study makes an attempt to assesses the impact of import of capital goods on the export performance of the manufacturing sector of India in the context of ongoing trade liberalisation process. The empirical analysis is carried out for 15 2-digit manufacturing sectors panel data collected from the PROWESS database (CMIE) during the period from 1997 to 2016. This unique dataset provides information on the export and import of capital goods by manufacturing firms at the 5-digit of NIC-2008. The empirical analysis is carried out using the standard econometric methodology including Fixed Effect(s) and OLS. The descriptive analysis reveals a considerable expansion of manufacturing production and trade, especially by the technology-intensive sectors. The panel regression results reveal that, after controlling for world demand, relative export prices and in-house R&D, the import of capital goods have a positive and statistically significant impact on the aggregate manufacturing sector. The sectoral level analysis based on OLS estimates, however, reveals wide variations in the relationship between capital goods import and exports across sectors. We find that in general, the engineering sectors such as metals, electrical and non-electrical machinery and transport equipment and some traditional labourintensive sectors such as textiles have witnessed considerable positive gains from large capital goods purchases from abroad. Overall, the empirical results reveal the prevalence of dynamic gains, as predicted by the new trade and endogenous growth models, in the Indian manufacturing sector since liberalisation.
Different Genres and Proficiency Levels: Relationships Among Syntactic Complexity, Genres and Students with Different L2 Proficiency Levels

The present study examines differences in syntactic complexity in English writing among writers at different levels and explores the relationship between syntactic complexity and writings with different genres. 20 students in grade three of a senior high school that were randomly selected from two brands of test scores were grouped into high and low proficiency groups. The 40 writings from the 20 students were examined. Writings were evaluated by L2SCA (L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyzer) gauging syntactic complexity at global, clausal and phrasal level. After obtaining the data, the complexity values were entered into SPSS 21.0 to do analysis. Results reveal that the difference of the two genres reaches a significant level in terms of C/T (clauses per T-unit) and CN/C (complex nominals per clause); there is no significant relationship between syntactic complexity and L2 proficiency levels and no significant interactive effect is found between the genre factor and proficiency factor. The results can yield implications for ESL writing pedagogy.
Research Article

Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms attached to surfaces or associated with interfaces. Since biofilm formation is influenced by the type of surface materials, in the current study it was aimed to compare copper, stainless steel, galvanized stainless steel, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ceramic and glass surfaces for biofilm formation rate. In this study, both monthly collected water and biofilm samples were analyzed in terms of total coliforms, faecal coliforms, Pseudomonas, aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria (at 22 and 37°C) and amoebas. We found that plastic polymers, especially polyethylene and polypropylene, supported the lowest total aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic bacterial numbers. Although the protozoa (amoeba) could found on to all of the surfaces, Pseudomonas species could harbour none of them. It can be concluded that selection of the suitable pipe material could reduce waterborne disease and minimize the possibility of biofilm development associated with the operation of cooling tower systems.
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF CAROB PULP (CERATONIA SILIQUA) ON LIPIDS PROFILE AND OXIDANT/ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN OBESE RATS

Description of the subject: Obesity is generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress, implicated in the development of different complications. Carob pulp naturally rich in antioxidants, represent a real preventive potential in this context. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-obesity effects of carob (Ceratonia siliqua) pulp administration in cafeteria diet-induced obesity in rat model. Methods: Male wistar rats weighing 120 to 150g were fed a standard chow or a cafeteria diet enriched or not with carob pulp (20%) for two months. Different biochemical parameters and oxidant / antioxidant status were determined at the end of the experiment. Results: Our results revealed that the cafeteria diet caused an alteration of the metabolic and the balance oxidant / antioxidant. However, the consumption of diet enriched with carob pulp, lead to a reduction in body weight, adipose tissue weight, and glycemia. Additionally, carob pulpl enriched diet was also found to improve the lipids profile and oxidant / antioxidant status. In fact, there was a reduction in plasma levels of malondialdehydes and hydroperoxides, and an increase in the levels of erythrocyte catalase activity and total antioxidant ability of plasma. Conclusion: The different alterations of the metabolism and the oxidant/antioxidant balance associated with nutritional obesity can be corrected by the regular consumption of carob pulp.