Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiological determinants of storage root yield in three cassava genotypes under different nitrogen supply

SUMMARY Physiological traits can be used to improve the efficiency of selecting suitable genotypes to grow under nitrogen (N) limitation. The objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between physiological characteristics and storage root yield of three cassava genotypes under three rates of N fertilizer. The experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 at farm fields in Thailand. A split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Three different rates of N fertilizer, i.e., 46·9, 90·0 and 133·2 kg N/ha and three cassava genotypes, Rayong 9, Rayong 11 and Kasetsart 50, were used. Kasetsart 50 had the highest mean performance for most crop traits. Growth rate of stem (SGR), storage root (SRGR) and crop (CGR) during 180–210 days after planting (DAP) and leaf area index (LAI) at 120 DAP were related to storage root dry weight for all three rates of N fertilizer. Storage root growth during 90–120 DAP, CGR during 180–210 DAP and specific leaf area (SLA) at 210 DAP contributed most to storage root dry weight of the three genotypes grown at 46·9 kg N/ha, while the combination of SRGR during 90–120 DAP, SRGR during 180–210 DAP, LAI at 210 DAP and SLA at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 90·0 kg N/ha and the combination of leaf growth rate (LGR) during 180–210 DAP and LAI at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 133·2 kg N/ha.
Some new results on likelihood ratio ordering and aging properties of generalized order statistics

Abstract In this article, we first study the likelihood ratio ordering of generalized order statistics (GOS) in both one-sample and two-sample problems. Then, we establish the transmission of the increasing hazard rate and decreasing reversed hazard rate aging properties of GOS. To do this, we extend Karlin’s basic composition theorem for the functions of three variables. Then, we settle certain open problems in this regard by providing some counterexamples. We further investigate similar transmission cases which have not been addressed in the literature so far.
The Effect of Muslim Religiosity and Innovation Capability on Firm Survival: A Study on Small Enterprises During the Covid-19 Pandemic

This research aimed to examine and analyze the effect of Muslim religiosity and innovation capability on firm survival. Also, this research investigated the moderation role of environmental uncertainty on the effect of Muslim religiosity and innovation capability on firm survival. The study was conducted during the covid-19 pandemic. The analysis unit of this research was the owners of processed food small enterprises fostered by the regional government of Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. The number of respondents involved in this research was 120 Muslim entrepreneurs. Data were collected using closed questionnaires distributed online, than processed using SEM-WarpPLS. The results showed that the Muslim religiosity and innovation capability significantly affected firm survival. Environmental uncertainty significantly weakened the effect of innovation capability on firm survival. However, environmental uncertainty insignificantly weakened the effect of Muslim religiosity on firm survival. These research results indicate the importance of religious formation for small entrepreneurs in this crisis time. Innovation is also important in increasing the firm survival of small companies during the covid-19 pandemic.
Mapping groundwater discharge to a coastal lagoon using combined spatial airborne thermal imaging, radon (222Rn) and multiple physicochemical variables

Coastal lagoons are significant wetland environments found on coastlines throughout the world. Groundwater seepage may be a key component of lagoon water balances, though only a few studies have investigated large (>100 km2) coastal lagoons. In this study, we combined airborne thermal infrared imagery with continuous measurements of radon (222Rn—a natural groundwater tracer), conductivity, water temperature and dissolved oxygen to map groundwater seepage to a large coastal lagoon in New Zealand. We found evidence of seepage along the margins of the lagoon but not away from the margins. Our findings confirmed previously known seepage zones and identified new potential locations of groundwater inflow. Both point source and diffuse seepage occurred on the western and northwestern margins of the lagoon and parallel to the barrier between the lagoon and sea. These observations imply geologic controls on seepage. The combination of remote sensing and in‐situ radon measurements allowed us to effectively map groundwater discharge areas across the entire lagoon. Combined, broad‐scale qualitative methods built confidence in our interpretation of groundwater discharge locations in a large, dynamic coastal lagoon.
Distinct Patterns of the Autofluorescence of Body Surface: Potential Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction

Searches for new biomarkers of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) are critical for therapeutic efficacy of the diseases. In this study we tested our hypothesis that distinct patterns of autofluorescence (AF) of skin and fingernails may become novel diagnostic biomarkers for MI and SCAD. Our study has indicated that SCAD and MI have distinct patterns of AF of their body surface: First, the AF intensity of the MI patients is significantly higher than that of the Healthy and Low-Risk group in their right and left Centremetacarpus, Ventroforefinger, Dorsal Index Finger and Ventribrachium, while the AF intensity of the SCAD patients is significantly higher than that of the Healthy and Low-Risk group in their right and left Index Fingernails and Dorsal Antebrachium; and second, the AF asymmetry of the MI patients is significantly higher than that of the Healthy and Low-Risk group in their Centremetacarpus, Ventroforefinger, Index Fingernails and Dorsal Antebrachium, while the AF asymmetry of the SCAD patients is significantly higher than that of the Healthy and Low-Risk group in their Ventroforefinger, Dorsal Index Finger, Dorsal Centremetacarpus and Index Fingernails. Moreover, the AF pattern of acute ischemic stroke is markedly different from those of SCAD and MI. The oxidative stress in the plasma of the MI and SCAD patients may cause the increased AF by altering the AF of keratins. Collectively, our study has indicated that SCAD and MI patients have distinct patterns of AF changes, which may become novel diagnostic biomarkers for SCAD and MI.
EFFECT OF NUTRIENT LEVELS AND LIME ON PRODUCTIVITY 0F HYBRID PIGEON PEA (Cajanus Cajan L.)

In Jharkhand, HYVs of pigeonpea are grown with recommended dose of fertilizer but its yield potential is very low. To increase productivity and production of pigeonpea, hybrid pigeonpea has been introduced. Fertilizer a key component of management influences growth, development and yield of hybrid pigeonpea. A full plant expression in hybrid pigeonpea can be achieved with a proper and well defined fertilizer schedule. Growth and yield determination of hybrid pigeonpea are favorably influenced by a recommended dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur application in adequate amount. Acidity in uplands is a great problem which can be minimized by liming. The application of lime reduces soil acidity (pH increases) which reduces soluble aluminum and manganese to nontoxic levels and creates a suitable environment for Rhizobium bacteria. Hybrid has great yield potential to obtain 35-36 per cent more yield compared to HYVs. For obtaining maximum yield from hybrid pigeonpea, fertilizer dose and lime yet to be decided. Keeping this in view, a field experiment was carried out at Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi during kharif season 2009 to study the “Effect of nutrient levels and lime on productivity of hybrid pigeonpea”. The soil was sandy loam in texture, medium acidic in nature (5.8 pH) having organic carbon (0.35%), available nitrogen (232 kg/ha), phosphorus (19.7 kg/ha), potassium (186.4 kg/ha) and sulphur (12.6 kg/ha). The treatment consisted of 3 levels of nutrient (100% RDF, 150% RDF, 200% RDF) and lime (0, 200, 400 kg/ha) were evaluated in Randomised Block Design with 3 replications. The Recommended dose of fertilizer was 20 kg N, 40 kg P205, 20 kg K2O and 20 kg S/ha. Application of nutrient (NPKS) markedly improved all the growth and yield attributes, yield (grain & stover), protein content, uptake of nutrients (NPKS) and economics. Among the nutrient levels, 200 per cent recommended dose of fertilizer (40:80:40:40 N:P:K:S kg/ha) significantly increased the growth and yield grain (17.90 q/ha) & stover yield (51.45 q/ha), protein content (22.17% in Grain & 5.40% in Stover), total uptake of N (108.16 kg/ha), P (8.3 kg/ha), K (98.1 kg/ha) and S (25.2 kg/ha) and gross return (Rs/ha 52,477), net return (Rs/ha 36,716) and benefit: cost ratio (2.38) of hybrid pigeonpea. But it was statistically at par with 150% RDF (30:60:30:30 N:P:K:S kg/ha) in terms of growth, yield attribute, yield and economics. Application of 400 kg lime/ha significantly improved the growth, yield attributes and yield (18.28 q/ha Grain & 52.15 q/ha Stover), uptake of N (111.07 kg/ha), P (8.7kg/ha), K (101.86 kg/ha) and S (26.57 kg/ha) as well as economics of hybrid pigeonpea and it was at par with 200 kg lime/ha. On the basis of experimental findings it may be concluded that application of 30:60:30:30, N:P:K:S Kg/ha (150% RDF) and 200kg lime/ha in hybrid pigeonpea improves growth and development of the crop resulting in higher productivity and economic returns and help in maintaining soil health.
Genome feature optimization and coronary artery disease prediction using cuckoo search

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is among the major health ailment issue leading to millions of deaths every year. In recent past, analyzing gene expression data, particularly using machine learning strategies to predict and classify the given unlabeled gene expression record is a generous research issue. Concerning this, a substantial requirement is feature optimization, which is since the overall genes observed in human body are closely 25000 and among them 636 are cardio vascular related genes. Hence, it complexes the process of training the machine learning models using these entire cardio vascular gene features. This manuscript uses bidirectional pooled variance strategy of ANOVA standard to select optimal features. Along the side to surpass the constraint observed in traditional classifiers, which is unstable accuracy at k-fold cross validation, this manuscript proposed a classification strategy that build upon the swarm intelligence technique called cuckoo search. The experimental study indicating that the number of optimal features those selected by proposed model is substantially low that compared to the other contemporary model that selects features using forward feature selection and classifies using SVM classifier (FFS&SVM). The experimental study evinced that the proposed model, which selects feature by bidirectional pooled variance estimation and classifies using proposed classification strategy that build on cuckoo search (BPVE&CS) outperformed the selected contemporary model (FFS&SVM).
Phytochemicals, antioxidant, and antityrosinase activities of Achillea sivasica Çelik and Akpulat

ABSTRACT The present study is the first report on essential oil (EO) composition, phytochemicals, and biological potential of Achillea sivasica tested against free radicals, oxidative damage, and tyrosinase enzyme. Gas-Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses revealed that β-pinene (11.5%, 9.3%, and 6.7%), β-pinene (7.0%, 3.0%, and 6.9%), 1,8-cineole (18.0%, 22.1%, and 6.7%), and camphor (7.6%, 4.1%, and 9.0%) were the major constituents in the EOs from the herb, flower, and leaves, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, luteolin, apigenin, patuletin, isorhamnetin, cirsimaritin, and santin. The leaf extracts demonstrated strongest free radical scavenging, cupric reducing, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and antityrosinase activities.
Passiflora plastome sequencing reveals widespread genomic rearrangements

Although past studies have included Passiflora among angiosperm lineages with highly rearranged plastid genomes (plastomes), knowledge about plastome organization in the genus is limited. So far only one draft and one complete plastome have been published. Expanded sampling of Passiflora plastomes is needed to understand the extent of the genomic rearrangement in the genus, which is also unusual in having biparental plastid inheritance and plastome‐genome incompatibility. We sequenced 15 Passiflora plastomes using either Illumina paired‐end or shotgun cloning and Sanger sequencing approaches. Assembled plastomes were annotated using Dual Organellar GenoMe Annotator (DOGMA) and tRNAscan‐SE. The Populus trichocarpa plastome was used as a reference to estimate genomic rearrangements in Passiflora by performing whole genome alignment in progressiveMauve. The phylogenetic distribution of rearrangements was plotted on the maximum likelihood tree generated from 64 plastid encoded protein genes. Inverted repeat (IR) expansion/contraction and loss of the two largest hypothetical open reading frames, ycf1 and ycf2, account for most plastome size variation, which ranges from 139 262 base pairs (bp) in P. biflora to 161 494 bp in P. pittieri. Passiflora plastomes have experienced numerous inversions, gene and intron losses along with multiple independent IR expansions and contractions resulting in a distinct organization in each of the three subgenera examined. Each Passiflora subgenus has a unique plastome structure in terms of gene content, order and size. The phylogenetic distribution of rearrangements shows that Passiflora has experienced widespread genomic changes, suggesting that such events may not be reliable phylogenetic markers.
The Relationship between Depression Symptoms and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Angiography

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Depression is one of the effective factors in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery stenosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression symptoms and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients scheduled for angiography. Method : This prospective, cross sectional research was conducted on as many as 401 patients scheduled to undergo angiography at Dr. Heshmat heart hospital as the referral center in the north of Iran in 2016. Before cardiac catheterization, patients' demographic information (age, gender, level of education, and place of residence) and patients’ medical history (history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and family history of cardiac disease) were obtained. Also, Beck Depression Questionnaire 2 (BDI II) was completed by a psychologist before angiography. After collecting the data, SPSS v.21 and statistical tests such as Spearman correlation, and Mann-Whitney U regression were used to analyze the data. Results: After controlling for age, sex, and having history of diabetes mellitus, no relation was found between having depression symptoms and more frequency of vessel involvement (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.98, P =0.130) or higher severity of CAD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.28, P = 0.087). The results were similar for the relation between severity of depression symptoms and CAD extent or CAD severity. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in patients undergoing angiography, depression symptoms were not related to CAD severity and number of involved vessels. Depression was associated with angina, independently of CAD severity. Our study found no significant correlation between CAD severity and severity of depression. The reason may be that measuring depression at a single time point cannot accurately reveal the impact of this problem on the trend of atherosclerosis over time.
Prolonged stopover and consequences of migratory strategy on local-scale movements within a regional songbird staging area

ABSTRACT Geolocator technology has recently demonstrated that many songbird species exhibit prolonged stopovers during migration that may be analogous to the staging behavior typically attributed to shorebirds. Although staging areas can act as ecological bottlenecks, there is little information on how or why songbirds engage in prolonged stopover and whether this behavior differs among individuals. We used automated radio telemetry along the eastern coastline of North America to compare stopover and migration behavior of Blackpoll Warblers (Setophaga striata) and Red-eyed Vireos (Vireo olivaceus), species that differ markedly in migratory strategy during fall migration. We also tested whether migratory behaviors differed within each species by capture date or breeding origin. Prolonged stopover was more common and longer for Blackpoll Warblers, which suggests that it may be a particularly adaptive behavior for supporting the transatlantic endurance flights they make from the region. Both species made prolonged stopovers that consisted of extended stops at one site, as well as multiple shorter stops within a geographically broad stopover landscape. Later migrants of both species and Blackpoll Warblers from more northwestern origins exhibited migratory traits consistent with a time-minimization strategy.
Making Best Friends From Other Groups and Mental Health of Chinese Adolescents

Friendship may be significantly associated with adolescents’ psychological well-being. Among various kinds of friendships, this study investigated two types of intergroup friendships among Chinese adolescents, specifically cross-hukou-location and cross-gender friendship. Fixed-effects modeling with a two-wave national dataset—the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS)—was performed to evaluate the relationship between within-individual changes in cross-hukou-location friendship, cross-gender friendship, and mental health status (N = 5,297, boys: 50.18%, average age: 12.92 at wave 1). The relationship pattern among different genders was also explored. The results showed that cross-hukou-location friendship is positively associated with male adolescents’ mental health status. The cross-gender relationship is negatively related to mental health in the overall sample and female subsample. The findings not only emphasized the vital role of intergroup contact but also shed light on understanding the role of gender in intergroup friendship-making and the relationship with psychological well-being.
Correlation studies in temperate maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines.

The present investigation was conducted to assess the correlation coefficients among fifty maize inbred lines using eleven quantitative parameters viz., days to 50 per cent tasseling, days to 50 per cent silking, days to maturity, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows ear-1, number of kernels row-1, 100 grain weight and grain yield plant1during Kharief 2014 and 2015. All other possible correlations were positive and significant. Plant height, ear height, ear girth, number of kernel rows ear-1, number of kernels row-1 and 100 grain weight showed positive and significant correlation coefficients with grain yield plant-1 at genotypic level hence, direct selection for these traits would be beneficial. Other traits viz., days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking and days to maturity were found to have negative and significant association with grain yield hence suggesting selection of early maturity lines. Ear girth exhibited highest positive correlation with grain yield plant-1.
Biosafety Concerns Related to Brucella and Its Potential Use as a Bioweapon

Three virulent species of Brucella are currently listed as biological select agent and toxins (BSAT) in the United States. During recent biannual reviews of listed agents and toxins, these virulent species of Brucella have been recommended for removal although they currently remain listed as BSAT. Discussions during review indicated differences of opinion in regards to clinical, biological and epidemiological properties of Brucella. Material presented in this paper is an attempt to provide published scientific data relevant to possession, use, and/or transfer of Brucella spp. and pertinent to discussions of the agent as a BSAT. It is intended that this review will promote informed discussion, be beneficial to personnel interested in biological properties of Brucella, and encourage further research and publication of relevant data.
Discovery and characterization of novel bioactive peptides from marine secondary products

Research on marine bioactive peptides has mainly focused on characterization of peptides in hydrolysates prepared with commercial industrial enzymes and the usefulness of such hydrolysates in health and functional foods. However, a relevant question is whether digestion of fish proteins with gastrointestinal proteases per se generates peptides that also can have health promoting properties and can reduce, e.g., diabetes 2, inflammation and hypertension either in relation to gastrointestinal digestion or as alternative to industrial proteases. The aim of the study was to investigate hydrolysates obtained from in vitro sequential digestion of salmon muscle and skin with gastrointestinal proteases including pepsin, pancreatic and pancreatic + mucosal proteases for their ability to scavenge ABTS radicals and inhibit activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4). Furthermore, it was the aim to study the inhibitory mechanism and stability towards ACE and DPP-4 activity. Analysis of < 10 kDa hydrolysates showed that gastrointestinal proteases generated peptides with clear radical scavenging activity and DPP-4 and ACE inhibiting activity as well. Hydrolysates from pepsin digestion exhibited the lowest EC50 values for radical scavenging activity and ACE inhibition, whereas EC50 increased in hydrolysates after subsequent digestion with pancreatic and mucosal proteases. Interestingly, EC50 values for the DPP-4 inhibition were hardly affected by sequential digestion. Inhibition modes for the muscle hydrolysates were both competitive and non-competitive, but prolonged incubation showed that the inhibitory properties were unstable and therefore they were probably digested as competitive substrates by gastrointestinal proteases.
Application of the Fuzzy System for an Emotional Pattern Generator

Nowadays, the end-user’s emotional engagement on commercial products has become more and more highlighted. Product developers’ and designers’ jobs are beyond the aesthetic face to new requirements that improve the user experience. One of the most important user demands is customization. Based on the new manufacturing technologies, there are some new opportunities to customize mass production output. Many automotive companies offer a wide variety of car components produced by request on the customers. The customization establishes the emotional engagement, but specific psychological background required to achieve it. This article deals with the scientific background of users’ emotions and geometric patterns (as an important feature of product customization). The related research covers the algorithmic generation of these patterns and soft computing control on this procedure. The method was developed based on fuzzy logic, which integrates the psychological aspects in the mathematical method.