Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social media markets for prescription drugs: platforms as virtual mortars for drug types and dealers

Internet use has changed the mechanics of drug dealing. Although this has spurred some initial academic interest in how markets and their users have been changing, the issue is still under-researched. The purpose of this paper is to understand how the organisation of the distribution of prescription drugs and other illegal drugs overlap in these online markets by analysing data gathered from observation of the Swedish Facebook drug market and its participants. ,Data were gathered during three months of digital ethnography conducted among Swedish Facebook posters supplemented by 25 interviews with sellers (20) and buyers (5). Screenshots and interview data were coded by carrying out an NVivo-based content analysis. The analysis is based on descriptive statistics of drug types, co-occurrence with other drugs, group size and the demographic characteristics of sellers. Additionally, the interviewees’ descriptions of the marketplace and their drug dealing or buying activities were included in the analysis. ,In total, 57 Swedish Facebook groups that sold illegal substances were located. The groups rarely specialised in specific drug types, but were convened around demographic factors, such as specific cities and locales. The sales of prescription drugs were part of the overall activity of groups selling other illegal drugs, but they were more often sold in separate Facebook posts, possibly by specialist sellers. Swedish Facebook sales primarily concerned alprazolam, tramadol, pregabalin and clonazepam, and were sold by both professional and amateur sellers. ,This study reports findings from a Nordic comparative study on social media drug dealing, representing the first in-depth study of digitally mediated prescription drug dealing outside of cryptomarkets.
Is Exclusion Effective?

Many believe that investors can contribute to a more sustainable world by divesting from firms with the worst sustainability profiles. However, exclusion comes down to a transfer of ownership from sustainability-minded investors to other investors, and it is not obvious how this is supposed to lead to changes for the better in society. This article critically examines the arguments for exclusion and concludes that the effectiveness of exclusion policies is questionable. Investors may well achieve more by exerting influence as an active shareholder through voting and engaging with firms. TOPICS: ESG investing, portfolio theory, portfolio construction Key Findings • Excluding firms with the worst sustainability profiles boils down to a transfer of ownership. It is not obvious how this is supposed to lead to changes for the better in society. • We challenge the effectiveness of four frequently used arguments in favor of exclusion policies: increasing a firm’s cost of capital, pushing a firm out of business, improving investment performance, and signaling stakeholders to change behavior. • Altogether, the effectiveness of exclusions is questionable. Investors may well achieve more by exerting influence as an active owner, through voting and engaging with firms.
Recent arrivals or established tenants? History of wolf presence influences attitudes toward the carnivore

Human dimensions are a critical part of large carnivore conservation. We investigated how the historical presence of wolves ( Canis lupus ) in ﬂ uences public attitudes toward the carnivore and its manage ment in rural areas of Poland. From March 2016 to March 2017, we used a self ‐ administered questionnaire to assess attitudes of rural residents ( n = 292 ) and foresters ( n = 325 ) in 6 regions where wolves have either been continuously present, or where they have recently recovered after a period of absence. While we found that attitudes toward wolves were generally neutral or positive, di ﬀ erences in attitudes did exist across target groups and regions with long and short histories of wolf presence. Foresters tended to have more negative attitudes toward wolves than did rural residents, and their attitudes remained stable across regions. In contrast, rural residents from the regions with an uninterrupted history of wolf presence, which also su ﬀ er greater rates of livestock depredation, tended to have less positive attitudes than did residents from regions where wolves have recovered more recently. Knowledge of wolves and wildlife value orientations were also positive predictors of attitudes. Negative attitudes among local residents and lower support for wolf conservation in response to wolf attacks on livestock could be a major obstacle for the continued recovery of wolves in Europe. Our results reinforce the need for proactive approaches, involving both information campaigns and actions to mitigate wolf predation on livestock, to maintain local support for wolf conservation. © 2019 The Authors. Wildlife Society Bulletin published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
What can social work do to mitigate caregiver-perpetrated physical aggression? A study among caregivers of orphaned and vulnerable female adolescents in South Africa

ABSTRACT Many children in South Africa live outside of parental care due to orphanhood, parental labour migration, unemployment, and unstable formal partnerships. Few studies have examined risk factors for parent-to-child physical aggression (PCPA), a term encompassing varying severities of physically aggressive acts, among children residing outside of parental care. In this context prior custody preparation is uncommon,and alternative caregivers have been found to experience high levels of psychological distress and burden. This study examined these risk factors using secondary analysis of baseline cross-sectional survey data drawn from a bereavement support group evaluation. A logistic regression analysis was applied among a subgroup of 190 female adolescents residing with alternative caregivers, in an effort to inform preventative social work interventions. Half of the adolescents in the subgroup had lost a parent, while a third were double orphans. Eleven per cent of adolescents reported experiencing PCPA from their caregiver in the prior four weeks. Increasing levels of caregiver age and burden (a construct reflecting the physical, emotional and financial hardships associated with providing care) were associated with greater odds of PCPA. Sixty-one per cent of caregivers reported prior custody planning with the adolescents’ biological parent(s), and this preparation reduced the odds of physical aggression by 71%. Levels of caregiver depression and the caregiver’s relationship to the adolescent were not associated with PCPA, nor was the duration of care provided. Interventions for families at high risk of parental loss and absence should encourage custody planning and offer support to alternative caregivers in order to mitigate PCPA and its sequelae among adolescents.
Validation of the Online version of the Previous Day Food Questionnaire for schoolchildren

1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. Correspondência para/Correspondence to: R ENGEL. E-mail: <raquelengel_nutri@hotmail.com>. Support: Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, Departamento de Ciência, Tecnologia e Insumos Estratégicos. Article based on the master’s thesis of R ENGEL, entitled “Comparação da avaliação entre as versões on-line e impressa do Questionário Alimentar do Dia Anterior para escolares”. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; 2014. Validation of the Online version of the Previous Day Food Questionnaire for schoolchildren
Responsiveness of the Box and Block Test with Older Adults in Rehabilitation

ABSTRACT Aims: Study the responsiveness of the Box and Block Test (BBT) with older adults in rehabilitation. Methods: For a larger study on the responsiveness of several outcome measures, 264 older adults were recruited in rehabilitation units (RU) and day hospitals (DH) and assessed four times during their rehabilitation. For the present study, only the data for participants who had an impairment in at least one upper extremity were used (n = 87). The standardized response mean (SRM) and Guyatt Index (GI) were calculated. Analyses by sub-group were also performed. Results: The BBT's responsiveness coefficients were moderate (SRM: 0.59; GI: 0.60). They were higher for participants treated in a RU (0.80 and 0.69) and participants who had had a stroke (0.67 and 0.83). Conclusion: The BBT can detect changes in dexterity in older adults undergoing rehabilitation, especially those being treated in a RU and those who have had a stroke.
Inventors’ working relationships and knowledge creation: a study on patented innovation

This study explores the knowledge-creation process that arises from inventors’ working relationships and its impact on company innovation. Innovation is measured by a company’s patenting activities. Our analysis is based on an original database built using OECD micro data obtained from patent applications at the European Patent Office (EPO). An empirical analysis was carried out on a body of firms located in the Italian region of Veneto. Our results reveal that the inventors’ working relationships have a significant impact on a company’s innovation – innovation which is also dependent upon both geography and timescales. Inventors’ working relationships thus produce productivity effects, in terms of patenting activity, both in the short and long term and these impacts are also dependent upon geographical distance.
Correlation between Prostate-Specific-Antigen (PSA) Level and Prostate Volume in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram

Prostate enlargement is the most quality of life-impacted problem in elderly. Proper diagnoses and prostate volume prediction are important in considering the best treatment. PSA is a glycoprotein specifically secreted by prostate glands and influenced by various condition, such as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). The aim of this study is to identify the correlation between PSA serum level and prostate mass volume. This was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design that conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram on April 2015. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression logistic, to determine the relationship between PSA serum levels and prostate mass volume. The average PSA level was 34,62 ng/mL (1,82-30,70 ng/mL), and the average prostate mass volume were 72,57cc. There was correlation between PSA serum levels with prostate mass volume ( r = 0,384, p = 0,815). Conclusion, there is a relationship between PSA levels with prostate volume in BPH patients in Bhayangkara Mataram hospital. Keywords: Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram, BPH, prostate volume, PSA
Urban expansion and neighbourhood commuting patterns in the Beijing metropolitan region: A multilevel analysis

This study adopts a spatial perspective to analyse the complex commuting patterns of the Beijing metropolitan region. By combining measures of the built environment, neighbourhood characteristics and development time periods, a four-fold neighbourhood classification was derived by cluster analysis to reflect different urbanisation contexts. Commuting flows were mapped to illustrate the spatial mismatch of home–work locations during the rampant urbanisation process. The novel use of a multilevel modelling approach shows how individual socio-economic attributes and neighbourhood factors, and their interactive effects, explain the varied commuting patterns. The cross-level interactions of variables highlight the predominant influence of individual attributes, which also interact with locational conditions of neighbourhood with differential explanatory power, on commuting patterns.
Semen Characteristics in German Shepherd Dogs

The key aspects of Breeding Soundness Evaluation are body condition score, testicular volume and semen evaluation. Body condition score was used to assess the general health of dogs on a scale of 1-9, where 1 refers to emaciated animal and 9 indicates grossly obese dog (Edney and Smith, 1986). Testicular biometry was calculated by measuring testicular length and width by using vernier caliper (Harriet et al., 2002). The most commonly used method for semen collection in dogs is by digital manipulation (Kutzler, 2005). Semen parameters such as semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, live and dead spermatozoa and sperm morphology in the whole ejaculate are frequently examined to assess the quality of semen (Gunzel-Apel, 1994). The functional integrity of the sperm plasma membrane is crucial for the viability and fertilizing ability of spermatozoa (Hafez, 1993). The Hypo-Osmotic swelling test by using distilled water has been effectively used to assess the functional integrity of sperm plasma membrane (Lomeo and Giambersio, 1991). The determination of intact acrosome is another essential tool to evaluate indirectly the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 03 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA IN END STAGE RENAL DISEASE: PREVALENCE AND PATIENTS CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIETHNIC POPULATION OF UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Objective: Hyperphosphatemia is significantly associated with increased mortality among end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis. There is paucity of data on hyperphosphatemia in ESRD patients of the multiethnic population of United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of hyperphosphatemia in ESRD patients of the multiethnic population of UAE undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: Adults ESRD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for more than six months at the study site were included. Demographic, clinical and biological data of the patients were collected. Patient characteristics were compared as per the serum phosphate level, between patients with or without hyperphosphatemia. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify the predictors of hyperphosphatemia. Results: Hyperphosphatemia was present in 73.8% of the study population, while 31.3% presented with high calcium-phosphate product. Univariate logistic analysis revealed that hyperphosphatemia was inversely correlated with age, hemoglobin, serum calcium, and hypertensive nephropathy as cause of renal disease, and positively correlated with female gender, expatriate status, body mass index (BMI), higher number of comorbidities, calcium-phosphate product and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that only age, BMI, hemoglobin and PTH independently correlated with hyperphosphatemia. Conclusion: We report a high prevalence of hyperphosphatemia in multiethnic study population undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at a secondary care hospital in UAE. In this study population, only age, BMI, hemoglobin and PTH were identified as independent predictors of hyperphosphatemia.
First-time mothers' experiences and the perception of nurses' provision of postnatal care

In this study I explore and describe first-time mothers' initial experiences of motherhood and postnatal care. The women selected were in-patients in a postnatal care setting in Switzerland. The women's expectations of motherhood and postnatal care were investigated through conversations prior to birth. Further data about their experiences and postnatal care provision were obtained from conversations with participating women and nurses, observations of day-to-day practice and related documentary materials during the six-month period of fieldwork. Follow-up conversations were conducted after discharge. For its theoretical underpinnings the study draws especially on the theory of 'becoming a mother' by Barclay and colleagues (1997) and on Swanson's theory of caring (1991; 1993). The data analysis was organised around two main themes: experience of 'being on postnatal journeys' and 'caring relationships'. The women's initial journeys into motherhood were intertwined with their journeys through the postnatal unit. The study explores the tensions and discontinuities between these two journeys, notably in relation to the availability of competent care and support; the mothers' requirements in terms of recovery and recuperation; and the tensions between individualised and routinised care. It identifies the extent to which women were able to regain physical strength, attain competence and develop confidence as caring mothers during their days in the unit. The study also explores how women anticipated their return to life at home with their baby and experienced the process of discharge. The second main theme concerns caring relationships. The study investigates these from the perspectives of the nurses and the unit's mission as well as those of the first-time mothers. It identifies how the participating nurses and firsttime mothers related to each other as well as examining continuity and consistency in care provision. The study further explores the tensions of structural influences on care provision and first-time mothers' and nurses' satisfaction with received and provided care respectively. This study specifically raises the issues of fragmented care provision, a lack of family-centeredness and the anxiety that arises at discharge. It further calls into question whether in-hospital postnatal care as it is organised and structured today is still appropriate. The findings of this study will be useful in effecting change in the provision of postnatal care to women and their families, and implications for nursing practice and education as well as research and policy are therefore highlighted.
Distribution of injuries among patients of Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine of Independent Public Teaching Hospital No. 1 in 2011

Abstract Introduction. Injuries are an extremely important public health problem, in both developed and developing countries. Various traumas contribute to some one third of deaths of the entire human population followed by cardiovascular diseases and cancer only. Understanding the epidemiology of trauma might improve hospitals’ ability to provide proper diagnoses and treatment. Aim. The aim of this study was to provide epidemiological characteristics of injuries in the analyzed group of patients. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of patients admitted in state of emergency and hospitalized in the Department of Trauma Surgery and Emergency Medicine at the Medical University of Lublin due to injuries that occurred from January 1st 2011 till December 31st 2011 was conducted. Mechanism of injury, mortality rate, age and gender correlations were studied. Results. Some 485 patients were looked at in the study. The mortality rate reached 4.52% and was highest among males. Falling was the leading cause of injuries among patients Discussion. The results of this study correspond with the observations of other authors concerning the age distribution. Mortality rates noticed in this study were lower than in other studies. Conclusions. Trauma in elderly patients is a growing problem in trauma centers. Moreover, in the analyzed material incidence of blunt and non-transport related injuries increased.
Efektivitas Lilin Penolak Lalat (Repelen) Dengan Bahan Aktif Limbah Penyulingan Minyak Nilam

Telah dilakukan uji efektivitas lilin dari ekstrak limbah penyulingan minyak nilam di Laboratorium Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian, Bogor dan di Laboratorium Entomologi FKH-IPB, Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan limbah penyulingan minyak nilam yang kemudian diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol 1:4. Ekstrak limbah tersebut diformulasikan menjadi 9 formula lilin dengan kombinasi bahan aktif sebagai berikut; a) ekstrak limbah penyulingan minyak nilam dan minyak sereh wangi (1: 1) dengan konsentrasi 12,5%, 25%, dan 50%. b) ekstrak limbah penyulingan minyak nilam dan minyak cengkeh (1: 1) dengan konsentrasi 12,5, 25%, dan 50%. c) minyak sereh wangi (25%). d) minyak cengkeh (25%). e) Lilin tanpa bahan aktif (kontrol). Selanjutnya dilakukan uji efektivitas terhadap day a tolak (repelen) lalat menggunakan udang busuk 12 jam, pengujian menggunakan 25 ekor lalat umur 2-5 hari kenyang air gula. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap menit dengan menghitung jumlah hinggapan lalat ke udang tiap menitnya sampai menit ke-60, pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan glass chamber. Hasil pengujian efektivitas lilin terhadap lalat rumah menunjukkan bahwa formula 113 dengan kombinasi bahan aktif ekstrak limbah penyulingan minyak nilam dengan minyak cengkeh (konsentrasi 50%), merupakan formula paling optimal dibandingkan dengan formula lainnya dengan daya tolak sebesar 87,6% pada menit ke 10 dan 100% pada menit ke 60. The Effectiveness of repellent candle with the extract solution of patchouly distillation waste as the active component The effectiveness of repellent candle was examined at laboratory of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development and Entomology Laboratory of VeterinaryFaculty of Bogor Agricultural University. Patchouly distillation waste was extracted using methanol with ratio of 1:4 and then formulated into 9 formulas of candle. The combination of active compound in the formula were: (a) mixing of patchouly distillation waste and citronella oil (I: I) with of 12.5%; 25% and 50% concentration; (b) mixing of patchouly distillation waste and clove oil (1:1) with 12.5%; 25% and 50% concentration; (c) citronella oil (25%); (d) clove oil (25%) and (e) without active compound as control. The effectiveness determination of repellent activity on flies was conducted using 12 hours decayed shrimp. The trial was using 25 flies 2-5 days age which already fully fed with sugar solution. The observation was conducted every minute in glass chamber by counting flies which lied on the decayed shrimps, for the period of 60 minutes. The results showed that the optimum formula was combination of active compound of distillation waste from patchouly and clove oil (concentration 50%) with 87.6% repellent activity at the tenth minutes and 100% at the sixtieth minutes.
Nurses' experience in caring for patients with traumatic spinal cord injury

                   Nurses’ Experience In Caring For Patients With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury