Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effective ventilation strategies for net zero-energy buildings in Mediterranean climates

ABSTRACT The impact of ventilation strategies on the energy performance of new and existing buildings located in the Mediterranean is the main objective of the study. Several design criteria have been implemented in a base case reference model of a residential building, in order to achieve the net zero-energy balance target. The basic ventilation scenario adopted in the study as a reference, involved the moderate application of natural ventilation in summer months. Various modifications of this ventilation strategy that include the gradual scaling-up of the ventilation rate and the application of mechanical ventilation have been simulated, and their effect on primary energy demand required photovoltaic (PV) capacity and indoor thermal conditions evaluated. The results of the analysis indicate that the application of mechanical ventilation resulted in considerable increase of energy demand, up to 20%. Although the implementation of mechanical ventilation provides better control of indoor temperature distribution, the induced increase of energy consumption along with the installation and maintenance costs render such a solution less suitable for residential buildings in the Eastern Mediterranean, compared to natural ventilation.
Response of integrated nutrient management on flowering, fruit setting, yield and fruit quality in mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. HIMSAGAR

To observe the response of integrated nutrient management on the flowering, fruit setting, yield and fruit quality parameters were subjected to 1000:500:500 g NPK/tree (control) (T 1 ), T 1 + Zn (0.5%) + B (0.2%) + Mn (1%) + Ca (0.6%) as foliar application twice (Aug. and Oct.) (T 2 ), T 1 + organic mulching (10 cm thick of dry leaves) (T 3 ), T 2 + organic mulching (10 cm thick of dry leaves) (T 4 ), ½ T 1 + 50kg FYM + 250g Trichoderma (T 5 ), ½ T 1 + 50 kg FYM + 250g Azospirillium (T 6 ), ½ T1+ Azotobacter (250g) + 50 kg FYM (T 7 ) and ½ T 1 + Azotobacter (250g) + 250 g Azospirillium (T 8 ). The observation revealed that the date of first and last flowering initiation was first recorded in T 4 on 12 th February and T 7 on 22 nd February. Highest ratio of hermaphrodite flower / panicle was observed in T 4 (28.06%) and minimum in T 1 (21.40 %). Fruits / panicle in pea stage and marble stage was highest in T 5 (13.24) and T 6 (8.53) and lowest in T 7 (10.80) and T 1 (5.16), respectively but the total number of fruits / tree in harvest stage was recorded highest in T 6 (333.70) and lowest in control (176.00). Average fruit weight was also recorded highest in T 6 (244.22 g) and lowest in T 8 (216.28 g). Fruit length and breadth was recorded maximum in T 4 (6.88 cm) and T 2 (5.80 cm) and minimum in control (6.22 cm) and (5.04 cm), respectively. Seed weight and peel weight was observed highest in T 8 (38.30g) and T 5 (33.10g) but lowest in T 6 (26.18g) and T 4 (24.50g), respectively but pulp weight was noted maximum in T 6 (189.86g) and minimum in T 1 and T 8 (151.48g). The quality parameters viz., total soluble solid, reducing sugar and total sugar were observed maximum in T 6 (19.24 0 Brix), (4.44 %) and (15.48 %), respectively but minimum in T 2 (17.50 0 Brix), T 2 and T 5 (3.66 %) and T 7 (14.04 %), respectively. Acidity was found highest in T 5 (0.21 %) and lowest in T 6 (0.14 %). The overall performance of T 6 treatment was better both in yield and quality parameters which can be recommended for mango plantation in new-alluvial zone of West Bengal in future.
Infusing Multicultural Instruction: An Experiential Learning Project

Abstract The study investigated the effectiveness of a multicultural project implemented for the purpose of infusing multicultural instruction into a graduate level infant language disorders class in a speech-language pathology graduate program. The participants were 24 graduate students who ranged in age from 23-32, 20 were white, 4 were Black. A pretest and posttest survey were implemented along with journal entry thematic analysis to evaluate qualitative changes in learning. The results of the survey indicate that this experiential learning project can promote increased understanding, awareness and confidence in students related to multicultural issues. The journal analysis revealed that students were provided an opportunity to understand the impact of structural inequities related to intersectionality.
Pathways to hot carrier solar cells

Abstract. Hot carrier solar cells (HCSCs) were first proposed many decades ago. Over the intervening years, there has been a continuing quest to create these cells that hold promise to shatter the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit on single-junction solar cells. While there have been many positive and suggestive results in recent years, there remains no true operational HCSC. There are perhaps many reasons for this state. Here, many of the requirements for achieving such an HCSC will be discussed and some approaches will be modernized in terms of their science. Valley photovoltaics, in which carriers are transferred to higher-lying valleys of the conduction band will be described and the recent progress is discussed.
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA DAN ECENG GONDOK SERTA VARIASI UKURAN PARTIKEL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET

This research used raw material water hyacinth and coconut shell. The purpose of this research is to get briquettes with high heating value and to obtain briquettes with good quality. Comparison of the base material mixed water hyacinth and coconut shell in this research is 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 with variations in particle size of 10 mesh, 42 mesh and 60 mesh, and using an adhesive tapioca 10% from the weight of raw material. The results of measurement in this research was compared to the quality parameters such as SNI, Japan standard, British, and America. The survey results revealed that the ideal composition made from a mixture of water hyacinth and coconut shell is briquette in comparison 1:4 with particle size 60 mesh and have the highest of heating value is 6.851,3311 cal/g, the lowest ash content is 8,1918%, the lowest of moisture content is 1,0140%, levels of substance evaporates is 13,7890%, the value of density is 0.9836 g/cm 3 , the firing rate is 2,9x10 -3 g/sec and the compressive strength is 11,3234 kg/cm 2 . The results are in accordance to SNI, Japan standard, British, and America, while the compression pressure of briquette only accordance to British standard.
Determining the asset value and average depreciation key of a tolled road network

In the framework of the first revision of toll rates calculated before the launch of the HU-GO truck toll collection system in Hungary, in July 2013, the re-determination of the infrastructure costs related to the tolled road network became necessary. Replacement costs of the main road components (considered as being a substitute of asset values) were to be calculated using the so called Synthetic Method, since the net asset values of the tolled road networks weren’t recorded separately in the books of the national road administration. Basic assumptions as well as main steps and results of the calculation of replacement cost (asset value), as well as of the average depreciation key are presented and some relevant conclusions are formulated.
Low-temperature curing of adhesives – Large-scale experiments

ABSTRACT In contrast to mechanical joining techniques, which can be manufactured under any ambient conditions, adhesively bonded joints always require some minimum temperatures – typically above 10 °C – in order to cure safely. Due to this limitation, either many technical applications exclude adhesives right from the start or practitioners at high costs are forced to adapt their production processes to the specific environmental requirements of the polymers to be cured. As a response to these manufacturing challenges, a new process for accelerated curing – induction heating with Curie particles (CP) – was studied to cure three different structural adhesives (two epoxy resins and one polyurethane) at low temperatures. The CP are added to the adhesives as a typical filler material and can only be heated by an externally applied electromagnetic field up to their material-specific Curie temperature T c. Thus, a self-regulating process is created, which effectively prevents the adhesives from overheating while simultaneously eliminating the need to control curing temperatures by external measures like IR cameras. Recently, the authors published a series of papers in which CP were used to cure at ambient temperatures (+23 °C); the results of which are now to be extended towards low-temperature curing. For that, an experimental campaign was carried out using the exemplary connection type of Glued-in Rods (GiR), which are frequently used in various timber engineering applications. In detail, the heating behaviour of inductively cured GiR conditioned at –10 °C and –30 °C was compared to GiR inductively cured starting from +23 °C. In addition, reference sets with and without added CP were produced, whereby all GiR were subjected to tensile tests in the following. Afterwards, the series were compared on the level of load–displacement curves, failure loads, as well as observed fracture patterns. The results proved that CP-curing is capable of curing adhesives in temperature ranges currently not intended for structural adhesives by technical regulations. When cured under low-temperature conditions, the GiR involving epoxy adhesives showed a fracture behaviour that proved to be equal to that of the references. The failure loads of the 2 K-PUR dropped to 50–75% of the reference values, which, however, is strongly assumed to be related to moisture on the cold adherends and not to a general unsuitability of polyurethane adhesives for the process – an assumption that will be validated by low-temperature experiments using single lap shear joints presented in a subsequent study.
KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT DALAM UDARA AMBIEN PADA BEBERAPA KOTA DI INDONESIA

Pencemaran udara terutama di kota-kota besar (ibukota provinsi) telah menjadi salah satu masalah yang serius. Kontribusi pencemar terbesar berasal dari emisi gas buang kendaraan bermotor, industri, pembangkit listrik, dan kegiatan rumah tangga. Bahan pencemar udara yang ditimbulkan dapat berupa gas maupun partikulat debu. Di Indonesia, saat ini belum tersedia data series khususnya data logam berat di udara ambien. PUSARPEDAL sesuai dengan tugas pokok dan fungsinya melakukan pemantauan bekerjasama dengan Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (BATAN) dalam rangka pemanfaatan iptek nuklir untuk perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Pengambilan contoh uji menggunakan alat Gent Staked Filter Unit sampler seminggu sekali pada tahun 2012 pada 10 kota di Indonesia. Analisis logam berat dilakukan dengan menggunakan Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF). Kisaran kadar unsur (ng/m3) Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, dan Pb, secara berurut adalah; 1,90 – 667; 1,33 – 786; 0,13 – 1020; 0,2 – 744; 2,54 – 1397; 3,7 – 640; 0,48 – 381; 1,3 – 7,2 ; 0,02 – 22,5; 1,94 – 1561; 0,018 – 18,52; 0,26 – 13; 0,05 – 18,79; 2,9 – 913; 0,2 – 2664,2
Emission comparison of turbofan and open rotor engines under special consideration of aircraft and mission design aspects

Abstract An integrated parametric model involving the design of propulsion system, airframe and flight mission is presented. Based hereon, the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission characteristics of advanced direct-drive turbofan and open rotor powered aircraft are analysed against pertinent aircraft and propulsion system design parameters. In addition, initial concept-specific trend statements on nitrogen oxides (NOx) as well as propulsor noise emission characteristics are derived. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of more appropriate aircraft design attributes for advanced system architectures.
Can Funded Development Projects Be Sustainable? The Case of Limpopo IDC Nguni Cattle Development Project, Limpopo Province, South Africa

The typical cases of funded development projects are donor-funded. One of the major problems faced by donor-funded projects is that after the withdrawal of donor funding, the projects are not sustainable. Literature has identified some of the factors that cause lack of sustainability including low stakeholder ownership and commitment, lack of understanding of community context, lack of community empowerment, leadership, technology choice, and over-ambitious objectives. I use the social constructivist approach to study the Limpopo IDC Nguni Cattle Development Project in Limpopo Province of South Africa which I got in contact with through student supervision. The project is based on a livestock pass-on system using the indigenous Nguni cattle. The objectives of the project are to reintroduce the Nguni cattle to their original owners, to contribute to livelihoods, to alleviate poverty, and to contribute towards food security. I collected data from three key informants who have been involved with project formation and management and are still involved with it. I collected data through recorded interviews and analyzed them using thematic analysis. I concluded that this project, not only demonstrates the ability of the government to take over projects from donors and run them successfully/sustainably, but it also provides a model of how this can be done. The critical question is: Can the projects for which this model is appropriate be identified a priori as this would increase their sustainability.
Generation of human embryonic stem cell-derived lung organoids

Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections are a major threat worldwide. HAdV-3 is one of the most predominant respiratory pathogen types found in children. ABSTRACT Human adenoviruses type 3 (HAdV-3) and type 55 (HAdV-55) are frequently encountered, highly contagious respiratory pathogens with high morbidity rate. In contrast to HAdV-3, one of the most predominant types in children, HAdV-55 is a reemergent pathogen associated with more severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults, especially in military camps. However, the infectivity and pathogenicity differences between these viruses remain unknown as in vivo models are not available. Here, we report a novel system utilizing human embryonic stem cells-derived 3-dimensional airway organoids (hAWOs) and alveolar organoids (hALOs) to investigate these two viruses. Firstly, HAdV-55 replicated more robustly than HAdV-3. Secondly, cell tropism analysis in hAWOs and hALOs by immunofluorescence staining revealed that HAdV-55 infected more airway and alveolar stem cells (basal and AT2 cells) than HAdV-3, which may lead to impairment of self-renewal functions post-injury and the loss of cell differentiation in lungs. Additionally, the viral life cycles of HAdV-3 and -55 in organoids were also observed using Transmission Electron Microscopy. This study presents a useful pair of lung organoids for modeling infection and replication differences between respiratory pathogens, illustrating that HAdV-55 has relatively higher replication efficiency and more specific cell tropism in human lung organoids than HAdV-3, which may result in relatively higher pathogenicity and virulence of HAdV-55 in human lungs. The model system is also suitable for evaluating potential antiviral drugs, as demonstrated with cidofovir. IMPORTANCE Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections are a major threat worldwide. HAdV-3 is one of the most predominant respiratory pathogen types found in children. Many clinical studies have reported that HAdV-3 causes less severe disease. In contrast, HAdV-55, a reemergent acute respiratory disease pathogen, is associated with severe community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Currently, no ideal in vivo models are available for studying HAdVs. Therefore, the mechanism of infectivity and pathogenicity differences between human adenoviruses remain unknown. In this study, a useful pair of 3-dimensional (3D) airway organoids (hAWOs) and alveolar organoids (hALOs) were developed to serve as a model. The life cycles of HAdV-3 and HAdV-55 in these human lung organoids were documented for the first time. These 3D organoids harbor different cell types, which are similar to the ones found in humans. This allows for the study of the natural target cells for infection. The finding of differences in replication efficiency and cell tropism between HAdV-55 and -3 may provide insights into the mechanism of clinical pathogenicity differences between these two important HAdV types. Additionally, this study provides a viable and effective in vitro tool for evaluating potential anti-adenoviral treatments.
The humanitarian frame of war: how security and violence are allocated in contemporary aid delivery

Abstract This article analyses the reasons behind local aid workers’ asymmetrical exposure to violence in contemporary humanitarian action. Taking Judith Butler’s theorisation of ‘interpretive frames’ as its analytical starting point, the article traces the process by which the humanitarian system distinguishes between lives that are to be protected and those that are dispensable. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Syrian aid workers and other experts, the article shows how the humanitarian frame makes it difficult to correctly recognise local actors’ security needs and vulnerabilities. Moreover, the normative and temporal limits of the humanitarian security project exclude certain types of threats from the view and make it difficult for local aid actors to articulate their need for protection. To address these issues, the article calls for more critical reflection regarding the marginalising and silencing effects of the existing security framework.
Racing ahead or lagging behind? Territorial cohesion in human development around the globe

ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether global improvements in human development involve subnational regions in a territorially cohesive way. We use a subnational human development index (SHDI) for 1778 regions within 163 countries over three decades, and propose measures for relative over- and under-performance. We find that frequently observed reductions of within-country inequality are not necessarily accompanied by reductions in under- and over-performance. Moreover, from a global perspective, we detect the presence of a non-negligible set of under-developing subnational regions spanning across 30 plus countries that fail to catch-up with the world average human development.
Factors Affecting Compliance with Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: A Qualitative Study Comparing English and Spanish Speakers

Purpose The purpose of this study was to understand individual-, social-, and system-level factors that affect compliance with recommended diabetic retinopathy (DR)-evaluations, and how these factors vary between English and Spanish speakers. Patients and Methods We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Study subjects included Kaiser Permanente Southern California members with type II diabetes mellitus at least aged 26 years who spoke English or Spanish. Patients were divided into groups based on their adherence with DR evaluations. Our main outcome measure was the major themes expressed by patients that explained their compliance with DR evaluation. Results Fifty-one participants were enrolled: 30 English speakers (11 nonadherent, 19 adherent) and 21 Spanish speakers (8 nonadherent, 13 adherent). Adherent patients were more likely to have had experience with diabetes and identify as being responsible for their own care. Substantially more non-adherent patients suggested that beliefs and attitudes were the reasons people missed retinopathy appointments. More English-speaking participants tended to be self-directed in managing their healthcare, whereas more Spanish speakers relied on others for help. English speakers also noted better relationships with their physicians. Spanish speakers outlined problems with insurance coverage and costs as barriers. Conclusion These data suggest two specific intervention strategies that eye care providers could implement to improve adherence with diabetic retinopathy screening and follow up: incorporating a person with DR-related visual loss into the team of staff delivering diabetes support programs and communication campaigns including specific messaging to address fears related to vision loss.
Effectiveness of a Self-instructional Module on Knowledge and Observed Practices of Nurses with Regard to Prevention of Central Line–Associated Blood Stream Infection:A Before–After Intervention Study

Background: Healthcare-associated infections, a significant burden to patients and public health, are a major cause of increased mortality in critically ill patients. They not only cause increased functional disability and emotional stress but also cause a huge burden financially. Many healthcare professionals have found that education programmes and use of prevention bundles have resulted in decreased incidence of these infections. The present study was a quality improvement initiative by the investigator to improve the knowledge and practices of nurses related to prevention of central line–associated bloodstream infection. Methods: A before–after research design was used. Nurses (n = 51) working in critical care areas of a 1,200-bedded tertiary care hospital were recruited by purposive sampling. The intervention comprised of a structured self-instructional module which included general information on central line catheters as well as specific information on infection prevention in central line catheters. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention guideline on prevention of 2011 update formed the basis of the module development. A 28-item knowledge questionnaire and an observational checklist were the tools utilised in the study. Results: The post-test mean knowledge and practice scores were significantly higher than the pretest scores (P < 0.05). There was a 36% increase in knowledge, and the competencies had enhanced by 41% post-intervention. Hand hygiene compliance, which was 47.1% pre-intervention, had increased to 78.4% post-intervention. Conclusion: Frequent ongoing education programmes on infection control are essential for improving the knowledge as well as practices of nurses working in critical care areas.
Exploring relative resilience of Airbnb and hotel industry to risks and external shocks

ABSTRACT Using Airbnb and hotel data from the Nordic and American markets, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relative resilience of Airbnb and the hotel industry against risks and external shocks by comparing key hotel and Airbnb industry indicators (i.e. occupancy, ADR, and RevPAR) at two points during the global pandemic of COVID-19. The study results confirmed that the key industry indicators revealed diminished relative effects in Airbnb performance indicators during the pandemic. This is explained by the Airbnb's ability to quickly adjust supply schedules in response to external shocks in the pandemic. The results suggest compared to the hotel industry, Airbnb is more resilient to potential external shocks from demand or/and supply arising from risks, including economic crises or natural disasters. The study increases the importance for the hotel industry to project and simulate their relative resilience as compared to Airbnb or similar competitors, as it may give way to enhanced strategies allowing for innovative adjustments to lower the total impact of various shocks. Furthermore, the study gives rise to the need for more specific research on resilience, allowing for the potential mitigation of risk across housing sectors during crises.