Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Honey on Monosodium Glutamate Induced Nephrotoxicity ( Histological and Electron Microscopic Studies )

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is frequently used as a flavor enhancer, the fact of which makes it one of the most applied food additives in the modern nutrition all over the world. The aim of this work was to study the effect of bees honey on MSG-induced kidney damage. Sixty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group I animals served as control were given saline for 30 days. Group II animals were given MSG in saline for 30 days. Animals of group III were treated with 6mg/g b.wt MSG and 2mg / rat / day of bees honey for 30 days. Light and transmission electron microscopic examination was used for study the histological changes. Light microscopic examination of the cortex in kidney after administration of MSG, revealed severe dilatation of Bowman's capsule and shrinkage of glomeruli. Loss of brush border of proximal convoluted tubules and dilatation of both proximal and distal convoluted tubules were noticed, in addition to areas of huge vacuole were also observed. The medulla of MSG treated rats showed sever histological changes in collecting tubules and collecting duct showed thin rim of cytoplasm and small deeply stained nuclei. Most of loops of Henle are undifferentiated with the presence of several areas of syncytium. Moreover PAS positive reaction was decreased. Results obtained by electron microscopic examination revealed that there was partial loss of brush border of proximal convoluted tubules with destruction of most cytoplasmic organelles and thickening of basement membrane. In addition, the lumen of several tubules was filled with cell debris. The nuclei of podocytes and endothelial cells frequently appeared irregular with nuclear condensation, moreover thickening of basal lamina were observed also. It is noticed that concurrent administration of bees honey with MSG improved histological changes in kidney by light and electron microscope. It could be concluded that honey via its antioxidant activity has the ability to protect against MSG induced histopathological, and ultrastructural alterations to near normal. [Amal A. Afeefy Marwa S.Mahmoud and Mona A.A. Arafa. Effect of Honey on Monosodium Glutamate Induced Nephrotoxicity (Histological and Electron Microscopic Studies). J Am Sci 2012;8(1s):146-156]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org. 23
A RESEARCH GAP ON AUTOMATIC INDIAN SIGN LANGUAGE RECOGNITION BASED ON HAND GESTURE DATASETS AND METHODOLOGIES

: Sign language plays vital role in the life of any auditory impaired individual but it does not get same status as any other language. Hand gestures are most widely used as medium of sign language based communication framework among various forms of gestures. Recognizing gestures under dynamic parameters such as lighting conditions, multiple hands as background, left handed person, right handed person, size of finger etc. are thought-provoking field in automate Indian sign language recognition . A review is based on datasets of hand gestures alphabets, digits, words and sentences with various real time conditions used by different researchers at national and international level. The detailed summarization of various methodologies to automate Indian sign language is tabularized. A review is utilized to find out research gaps in existing system and give inspiration to develop interpreter for Indian sign language.
Inspiratory muscle training in addition to physical exercise for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Background: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has beneficial effects on dyspnoea, physical function and health related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with COPD but has not yet been evaluated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The aim of the study was to compare IMT and physical exercise (PE) with PE alone in patients with IPF. Method: In a randomised controlled study, patients with IPF were randomised to IMT(n=14) or sham IMT(n=10) during an 8-week exercise programme. Exercise capacity was assessed with six minute walking test (6 MWT), respiratory muscle strength (PI,max, PE,max), dyspnea by modified Medical Council Scale and quality of life with Chronic respiratory disease questionnaire (CRQ-SAS) including the dimension of dyspnoea, at baseline and after 8 weeks PE. In addition, lung function test was measured. Results: Patients performing IMT and PE had a significant reduction in the dimension dyspnoea of CRQ-SAS(p≤0.05) compared to controls. The IMT-group improved their walking distance from 466(±66) to 513(±102) m (p≤0.05), PI,max, from 90(±24) to 112(±29) cmH 2 O (p≤0.001), PE,max, from 109(±27) to 121(±37) cmH 2 O (p≤0.05). Fatigue (p≤0.05) and total score (p≤0.05) of CRQ-SAS was also improved. The IMT sham group improved significantly PI,max(p≤0.05) after eight weeks. Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training in combination with exercise in patients with IPF showed a significant improvement in dyspnoea compared with sham IMT and exercise. The study also showed a positive trend in favour of IMT in addition to exercise compared to exercise alone in exercise capacity, fatigue and HRQL in patients with IPF. IMT may therefore be a valuable addition to PE in patients with IPF.
Design of New Four Bit Reversible Array Multiplier Architecture and Its Performance Comparison

- Reversible logic circuits are the circuits having same number of inputs and outputs, and have one-to-one mapping between vectors of inputs and outputs. Consequently, a computation is reversible, if it is always possible to recover the input for the given output. Multipliers play a vital role in today’s digital signal processing and various other applications.It is an important hardware unit which decides the speed in any processor. The existing array multiplier is designed using Feynman, Toffoli and New reversible gates. In the existing array multiplier architecture the power consumption is high and the performance is low. In order to overcome these disadvantages, this work presents a reversible synthesis of array multipliers implemented with reversible k-CNOT gates(CC,CASS and CTRL). This work has been simulated using the xilinx simulator and verilog code, its parameters are compared with existing reversible array multipliers.
Clinical implication of ACE gene polymorphism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients

Copyright: © Author, This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial No Derives License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a complex genetic disease, associated with environmental and genetic factors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in the development of SLE, is expressed in a wide range of tissues including lung, vascular endothelium, kidney, cardiac muscles and testis. ACE gene I/D polymorphisms, particularly the DD genotype has been associated with lupus susceptibility and with risk of renal and cardiovascular disease. This study analysed the ACE gene polymorphic variants among the recruited 48 SLE patients (SLE was confirmed by Anti nuclear antibody (ANA) and dsDNA tests) associated with the cardiovascular and renal disease and 48 controls. The present study also analyzed the biochemical parameters (total serum cholesterol HDL, LDL, VLDL, TGL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in SLE patients and controls. Our study found that, SLE patients had higher levels of cholesterol (40%) than controls and the and CRP was found to be higher in SLE patients in comparison with controls and established normal reference range (<5mg/L). The distribution of genotype in SLE patients was DD 62.50%, ID 20.83% and II 16.66%. A significantly higher frequency of DD genotype (p<0.0004) was observed in SLE patients in comparison with controls.
Study on the performance of some Genotypes of China aster [Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness] under Shade net Conditions in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh

The present investigation was carried out during the year 2017-18 at College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S. R Horticultural University, Anantharajupeta, Y.S. R. Kadapa Dist. of Andhra Pradesh. The experiment consisted of 7 China aster genotypes, laid out in randomized block design with four replications under 50 per cent shade net condition. The data recorded on biometric observations revealed that, significantly taller plant (86.15 cm), higher leaf count plant-1 (180.30) at the time of first harvest, higher number of branches plant-1 at full bloom (13.15) and maximum plant spread (1330.67 cm2) were recorded in genotype Arka Archana. Among flowering attributes, the genotype Arka Archana took minimum duration for days to first flower opening after flower initiation (6.00), 50 per cent flowering advancement was observed in Arka Shashank (92.70 days), while the genotype Arka Aadya arrived for days to first harvesting of mature flower by taking limited period (69.25 days). Larger flower head circumference (16.12 cm) and flower diameter (5.13 cm) was found in Arka Aadya, while longest flower stalk (19.88 cm) and longer duration of vase life (7.70 days) in normal tap water was recorded in genotype Arka Shashank.
Reproductive Toxicity of Copper Nanoparticles in Male Albino Rats

Received: 01 Feb 2018 Accepted: 25 Feb 2018 Objective: Recent studies have reported that metallic nanoparticles and ions from Copper nanoparticles had potential adverse effects. However, the biological effects of Copper nanoparticles on male reproductive function remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the reproductive toxicity in adult male rats following oral administration of Copper nanoparticles. Methodology: Poly vinylpyrrolidone coated Copper nanoparticles of average particles size 60 and 40 nm were used to analyze reproductive toxicity. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. The control group received only the vehicle (distilled water) whereas animals in Groups II, III, IV, and V received Cu NPs dissolved in distilled water orally at the dose level of 1 and 2 mg/kg b wt/day, respectively of each size for 45 days. The effects on male reproductive function were observed, including testicular to body weight, the epididymal sperm parameters. The level of male sex hormones in serum and protein, glycogen, sialic acid, and cholesterol were evaluated in the testes. Results: The result showed a significant decline in sperm density and motility in treated rats. A decrease in sex hormones levels was observed in all the treated groups. Post fertility test showed 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% negative results. In biochemical parameters, testicular protein and cholesterol level were significantly improved while the glycogen and the sialic acid content decreased significantly. Conclusion: Copper NP exposure not only altered the hormonal and biochemical structure but also reduced male fertility in adult Wistar rats.
Accurate leakage current models for MOSFET nanoscale devices

This paper underlines a closed forms of MOSFET transistor’sleakage current mechanisms inthe sub 100nmparadigm.The incorporation of draininduced barrier lowering (DIBL), Gate Induced Drain Lowering (GIDL) and body effect (m) on the sub-threshold leakage (Isub) wasinvestigated in detail. The Band-To-Band Tunneling (IBTBT) due to the source and Drain PN reverse junction were also modeled witha close and accurate model using a rectangularapproximation method (RJA). The three types of gate leakage (IG) were also modeled and analyzed for parasitic (IGO), inversion channel (IGC), and gate substrate (IGB). In addition, the leakage resources due to the aggressive reduction in the oxide thickness (<5nm) have been investigated. Simulation results using HSPICEexhibits a tremendous agreement with the BSIM4 model. The dominant value of the sub-threshold leakage was due to the DIBL and GIDL effects. Various recommendations regarding minimizing the leakage current at both device level and the circuit level were suggested at the end of this paper
Dimension Reduction in Intrusion Detection Features Using Discriminative Machine Learning Approach

With the growing need of internet in daily life and the dependence on the world wide system of computer networks, the network security is becoming a necessary requirement of our world to secure the confidential information available on the networks. Efficient intrusion detection is needed as a defence of the network system to detect the attacks over the network. Using feature selection, we reduce the dimensions of NSL-KDD data set. By feature reduction and machine learning approach, we are able to build Intrusion detection model to find attacks on system and improve the intrusion detection using the captured data
SLAUGHTERED CATTLE AND REASONS FOR SLAUGHTERING COWS IN EMBER MONTHS AT LAFENWA ABATTOIR IN ABEOKUTA, NIGERIA

High incidence of slaughtering of gravid cows has damnable effects on productivity of animal protein to the ever-increasing population in Nigeria. This study was conducted to evaluate the foetal losses from the slaughtering of pregnant cows at Lafenwa abattoir –Abeokuta, Ogun state. Information on demographical pattern of the butchers, herd size and composition of slaughtered animals as well as the reasons for slaughtering were assessed through the use of a structured questionnaire. Most of the butchers fell within the active age (31-40 years), married (83.3%) and having formal education at various levels. It was found that a total of 15112 cattle were slaughtered of which 76.7% were cows. The percentage of foetal wastage was 10.7%, while one foetus was lost for every nine cattle and seven cows slaughtered. Pregnant cows were mostly slaughtered for ceremonies and festivals while sometimes, it was due to poverty or disease condition of the animal. Control of foetal wastage in abattoirs will go a long way in increasing the population of livestock in Nigeria. Knowledge of the magnitude of bovine foetal wastage in abattoirs is necessary to forestall further occurrences.
Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics and exercise intensity : inferences and implications

The kinetic features of the pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO2) response to exercise provide insight into the functional status of the cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular systems, in terms of exercise tolerance in health and disease. The focus of the current research was to improve current understanding of VO2 kinetics, with particular reference to reliable and accurate modelling and interpretation. Three studies have been carried out: 1. The dependence of VO2, intramuscular oxygenation status and arterialised blood lactate response on the work-recovery duty cycle duration during intermittent cycling suggests that the functional intensity of dynamic exercise is determined not only by the work rate per se, but also the manner of its imposition. Differences in the average VO2 relationship with lactate concentration, compared to constant work rate exercise, demand revision of conventional exercise intensity description. 2. A "priming" bout of supra-critical power cycling significantly reduces the magnitude of the VO2 slow component, with no discernible effect on the fundamental component VO2 kinetics, during subsequent sub-critical power, but supra-lactate threshold, cycling. The tolerable duration of this exercise was reduced in some, but not all, subjects, raising interesting questions regarding the determinants of the power-duration hyperbola and its relationship with VO2 kinetics. 3. Demonstration that the duration of the Phase I portion of the VO2 response during the rest-to-20W transition is prolonged in some, but not all, patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has called into question traditional modelling strategies employed to characterise the VO2 fundamental component in this population. Speeding of the overall VO2 kinetics as a result of an 8- week exercise-training programme is demonstrated by a significantly speeded fundamental VO2 component. Exact details of the mechanisms underpinning VO2 kinetics in health and disease remain conjectural, but discussion has now directed opinion to the potential for VO2 kinetics to be obscuring regional differences within the exercising musculature. That VO2 kinetics can be determined using sub-maximal exercise, even in severely debilitated patient populations, highlights the utility of this approach when assessing the combined function of the respiratory, cardiovascular and muscular systems responsible for O2-delivery and O2-utilisation in patient populations. However, subsequent modelling of the VO2 kinetics must be physiologically justified and the interpretation appropriate.
Design and implementation of an 18-dof six-legged robot : ABR 1

In this study, a six-legged robot is designed and implemented for real time walking over difficult terrains. A remote control and tracking interface program is designed to control robot in all direction and tracking the sensor data. Servo motors controlled via serial port are used as joint actuators. An FPGA based hardware designed as single chip is used for controlling the servo motors and computing the joint angels by kinematic calculations. In this way, load on the central processor is reduced and a low cost DSP used for executing the walking algorithm developed for producing the feet positions for walking on rough terrain. In addition, the mess of cable is reduced by using the FPGA based hardware and servo motors controlled via serial port. The robot has infra-red sensors for object detecting, force sensors for sensing the contact with ground and radio modules for wireless communication with computer. The success and performance of the robot is tested by simulations and real world experiments.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A P2P FILE ACCESS CONVENIENCE IN MOBILE UNEXPECTED NETWORKS ALTHOUGH REPLICATION FOR ECONOMICAL FILE SHARING

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is defined as a collection of autonomous sensors, which are mainly used to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as climate, terrestrial hazards, temperature, sound, pressure, etc.Now a day’s these WSN or MANETs have attracted more and more attention of users in communicating between each other for data transfer but fails in some properties. As we all know that WSN or MANETs don’t require the fixed topology for communication and due to its node mobility and limited communication range, it is always very difficult for a node to create a replica in the network.However, despite the efforts on file replication, there was no research done or focused on the concept like global optimal replica creation with a minimum average querying delay. In the current various replication protocols that was available in MANETs, there was some or other limitations that takes place during the replica generation. The first limitation what the primitive replication protocols lacks is they were unable to allocate limited resources to different files that are available in the network in order to reduce the average querying delay within the network. Next they always neglect the fact that file holders frequency to meet the other nodes plays a very important role rather than simply considering the available storage resources. In this paper we for the first time have implemented a novel concept of resource for file replication and also derive the advantage of node storage and also the meeting frequency for resource allocation in a distributed environment. By conducting various experiments on our proposed model, our simulation results clearly tells that this proposed mechanism with real traces can achieve shorter average querying delay at a lower cost than various baseline replication protocols.
mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Staphylococcus aureus strains are responsible for a range of acute to chronic infections in humans and other animals. There is scanty information about the genetic background of S. aureus strains in Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates as well as detect the presence of mecA gene among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Two hundred and five (205) non duplicate Staphylococcus aureus previously isolated from human sources were randomly collected from three health facilitiesUniversity of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital and De-Integrated Laboratoriesall located in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, for this study from August, 2012 to July, 2013. Isolates were grouped as hospital in-patient (Hospital-acquired – Nosocomial; n = 76) and out-patient cases (community-acquired; n = 129). Isolates were reconfirmed following standard laboratory protocols and stored in duplicate one set at +4°C (for phenotypic detection of MRSA) and another set at -70°C for molecular analysis. Using the disk diffusion method, detection of MRSA was carried out with 1μg of oxacillin (OXOID) placed on Mueller-Hinton agar with 4% NaCl supplementation). Molecular Analyses were carried out on all ORSA strains as followsBacterial genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification for detection of 16S rRNA and mecA genes. Amplified products were analyzed using 2.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and subsequently visualized on a UV transilluminator. About twelve percent (12.2%) of the 205 Staphylococcus aureus studied were resistant to oxacillin. MRSA detection was significantly higher in in-patient isolates (23.7% of 76) than out-patient (5.4% of 129) S. aureus (p = 0.00031). Urine samples accounted for majority of the isolates (52 of 205) but MRSA detection was highest in Wound swabs (9 of 48 isolates. Of the 25 MRSA, mecA gene was detected in 17, being significantly higher in in-patient MRSA (14) than out-patient MRSA (3) (p<0-05). This study has established the presence of the methicillin resistance encoding genemecA, among MRSA isolates in Port Harcourt and that this gene is largely responsible for the MRSA phenotype. Study further establishes that these MRSA are more frequent in the Hospital environment. Further studies on molecular epidemiology of S. aureus are recommended in this region. Improved infection control measures in the healthcare facilities as well as sustained surveillance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in this region are also advocated.
Anxiety among AIDS Patients: The Role of Age, Gender and Residence

The aim of the present study was to find out the difference in Anxiety with reference to age, gender and area of residence among AIDS patients. The participants were 360 AIDS patients was randomly selected from the Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay Government Hospital, ART center in the Rajkot city in Gujarat. The sample falls in the age range of 21-50 year. Anxiety scales constructed by Derogatis (1994) were used to measure Anxiety among AIDS patients. The data was analysedusing ‘F’ test and tukey test. The result revealed significant difference in anxiety between male and female AIDS patients. It was observed that the female had high anxiety than male AIDS patients, area group no difference and old age high anxiety than young age AIDS patients.