Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research of the major clinical findings of the use of reciprocant files: a systematic review

Introduction: In the context of root canal treatments, nickel-titanium endodontic rotary instruments fracture due to torsional overload or cyclic fatigue. Channels with bends located closer to the channel orifice and channels with double bends (S-shaped channels) have been shown to increase the risk of fatigue failure of rotating instruments. Thus, Yared was the first to report the use and effectiveness of reciprocating motions for rotary files, as he demonstrated that a single reciprocating file was sufficient to replace several files used in continuous rotation. Objective: A concise systematic review was carried out on the main results of clinical studies on the use of reciprocating files, to externalize the scientific evidence of these files to files used in continuous rotations. Methods: The present study followed the model of systematic literature review (PRISMA). The research was carried out from January 2022 to March 2022 and was developed based on Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Scielo, and the Cochrane Library. The quality of scientific evidence of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 85 articles were found. After the process of analyzing the quality of scientific evidence, 32 articles were selected. After analyzing the risk of bias, 8 recent clinical studies, from 2019 to 2022, were selected to compose this systematic review. Based on the clinical studies presented in the present study, it was evidenced that there is a significant statistical difference in the number of cycles in and out movement and wear time to failure between reciprocating and continuous rotary files. Furthermore, an endodontic treatment combining a single reciprocating file with a single cone showed similar clinical efficacy to treatment with hand file instrumentation and lateral compaction obturation. However, randomized clinical studies have shown that reciprocating instruments have less resistance to cyclic fatigue when operated in canals with curvatures in the coronal and middle thirds when compared with curvatures in the apical thirds.
Mantle Wedge Water Contents Estimated From Ultrasonic Laboratory Measurements of Olivine‐Antigorite Aggregates

While it is known that serpentinized peridotite acts as a water reservoir in the mantle wedge of a subduction zone, the spatial distribution and quantity of the water stored in these reservoirs, as well as the acoustic velocity of the olivine‐antigorite aggregates, are not well constrained. Here, we report the propagation of seismic waves through synthetic olivine–antigorite aggregates, which are used as proxies for various mantle wedge lithologies, by varying the amount of antigorite at pressures up to 8 GPa. Our results indicate that the acoustic velocity is strongly dependent on the proportion of antigorite in the sample and somewhat dependent on pressure. We empirically explore the relationship between the acoustic velocity and the degree of serpentinization as well as pressure to map the water content in the mantle wedge. Our estimations show that the water content among the subducting slabs around the Pacific Ocean is between 0.5 and 5.0 wt%.
Bearing Capacity of Annular Foundations on Rock Mass with Heterogeneous Disturbance by Finite Element Limit Analysis

Estimating the performance of foundations on rock mass is essential in designing buildings. Stability assessment of weathered rocks under foundation load is a complicated task if there is an internal opening within the foundation. This study applies finite element limit analysis to evaluate the bearing capacity of annular foundations resting on medium to highly weathered rocks following the modified Hoek–Brown rock mass. Special attention is focused on the effect of rock mass disturbance. The level and heterogeneity of rock mass disturbance are considered as constant or linearly varying disturbance factors with depth, which capture the damage level and zones due to construction and blasting. The results obtained from the analysis compare well with the existing solutions. The numerical results are presented in the familiar form of bearing capacity factors as a function of the dimensionless parameters related to foundation perforation and rock mass properties as well as the foundation-rock interface. The failure patterns of annular foundations are also investigated for a few cases with different levels of disturbance and foundation roughness.
Identifying Feasibility Region Boundaries in Power Systems With Multiple VSCs

It is anticipated that a large number of voltage source converters (VSCs) will be integrated into future power systems, which can potentially be detrimental to system stability. Previous work has utilized an impedance-based approach to analyze the feasibility region boundaries of power systems with multiple VSCs. However, impedance-based modeling limits the analysis of the system feasibility region to just two or three dimensions. Hence, this paper develops a methodology based on bifurcation theory that enables the system multi-dimensional feasibility region to be identified efficiently with consideration of multiple different varying parameters. The developed methodology is generalized so that it can be applied to identify system feasibility region boundaries in other power systems with multiple varying parameters. The partial Spearman correlation coefficient is adopted in this paper to identify the key parameters that affect the feasibility region boundary. Additionally, the calculated correlation indices quantify the interactions between the control loops VSCs in the system. The proposed methodology is verified against other analytical methods and the impact of key parameter variation on the system feasibility region boundaries is discussed.
Medicinal and Health-promoting Properties of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia) and Its Extracts

Numerous documented researches have been conducted to evaluate the potential of using different plants and herbs as traditional medicines. Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) is an agricultural commodity belonging to the plant kingdom and family Cucurbitaceae. Besides having a higher content of calcium and iron, this plant also possesses considerable numbers of vitamins such as B1, B2, B3, and C. These are great sources of some biologically active compounds such as momordicin I, II, and cucurbitacin B. The salutary perceptions have been also emphasized as they are useful in protecting from cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis thereby, regulating the blood cholesterol level in the body. Bitter gourd entire fruit, seeds, and leaves help lower the fat accumulation and also control the impaired antioxidant status. Though this plant could facilitate the balance effect of anti-HIV drugs, the contents of ration amino sugar variate by declined and inclined, observed in lungs, heart, liver, and spleen during diabetes.
Measuring Perceived Severity of Intimate Partner Violence against Women (IPVAW) among the General Population and IPVAW Offenders

ABSTRACT Public perceptions of the severity of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) incidents are an important factor that has been linked to key issues regarding this type of violence, such as acceptability or tolerance, personal sense of responsibility, attitudes toward intervention, and the public’s, professionals’, and victims’ responses to IPVAW. The aim of the present study was to provide further validity evidence for the perceived severity of IPVAW scale (PS-IPVAW), by assessing its measurement invariance between gender and age groups, and between men from the general population and male IPVAW offenders. Item response theory was also used to assess the discrimination of the items and their position on the measured latent trait continuum (i.e., perceived severity of IPVAW). To this end, the psychometric properties of the scale were examined in four different samples from the general population (N = 2,627) and in one clinical sample of male IPVAW offenders (N = 200). Our findings showed that the PS-IPVAW scale has excellent internal consistency (α = .89-.90) and a clear one-factor latent structure (CFI = .91-.96, RMSEA = .055-.086), and that partial strict invariance holds across different gender and age groups. We also found that IPVAW offenders’ perceptions of the severity of IPVAW may follow a different pattern to that of men from the general population. The PS-IPVAW scale is able to yield accurate assessments of the perceived severity of this type of violence among the general population and IPVAW offenders.
Urban Air Pollution Associated with the Incidence of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

Background: Endocrine disrupting air pollutants such as sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particle matter (PM2.5), and ozone (O3) can affect thyroid gland function on the level of synthesis, metabolism, and the action of its hormones. Objective: The aim of this study was to establish whether increased air pollution could contribute to an increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the medical records of 82000 patients at the University Clinical Centre in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The target group of this study comprised a total of 174 patients from the Lukavac area. Daily data on concentrations of air pollutants were collected from the air quality monitoring station located in Lukavac. The study covered the period from 2015 to 2020. Results: The results of the monitoring confirmed the presence of air pollutants in concentrations above the permitted limits throughout the entire observed period. Concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 were in the range of 1.90–431.40 μg/m3, 3.60-620.50 μg/m3, 3.40-66.20 μg/m3, 48.00-7002.00 μg/m3, and 0.70-89.40 μg/m3, with means of 64.08 μg/m3, 77.48 μg/m3, 22.57 μg/m3, 1657.15 μg/m3, and 31.49 μg/m3, respectively. During the six-year period, 174 cases of AITD were registered, of which 150 (86.21%) were women and 24 (13.79%) men. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was found in 33 patients (18.97%), whilst 141 patients (81.03%) were diagnosed with atrophic thyroiditis. The highest total incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis was recorded in 2017, when it reached 99.49, 95% CI. Conclusion: The effects of chronic exposure to a mixture of air pollutants on the function of the thyroid gland are still not sufficiently well-known, but the numerical tendency towards a higher incidence of AITD in this study, albeit without statistical significance (p>0.05), still underlines the need for additional research.
HIGH-RESOLUTION SURFACE CIRCULATION OF THE BAY OF BENGAL DERIVED FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATION DATA

High-resolution surface circulation and its variability of the Bay of Bengal are derived by combining surface drifter and satellite observation data. The satellite altimetry data, satellitetracked surface drifter data and ocean surface winds from satellite scatterometers during 1993-2012 are used. The estimated velocities show good agreement with in-situ acoustic Doppler current profiler observations. The estimated velocity components are significantly correlated with monthly mean velocity components from Research Moored Array for African- Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction buoy data. The mean circulation exhibits the strong western boundary current, zonal currents and weak eastern boundary flow. Large spatial and temporal variations are found in the western boundary current and intense mesoscale eddy activity in the western Bay of Bengal. Significant changes in surface circulation during positive and negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events are evident. During positive IOD, the eastward equatorial jet is reversed and the western boundary current is much weakened. Meanwhile, the western boundary current is the prominent flow during negative IOD events. High eddy kinetic energy is found during strong IOD events.
Numerical Analyses of Centrifuge Models of the Bart Transbay Tube

Centrifuge model tests were performed to study the stability and uplift mechanisms of the BART Transbay Tube. The tube is a cut-and-cover subway tunnel located in a highly seismic area. The low relative density of the backfill material around the tunnel and the low unit weight of the tunnel might make tunnel suffer uplift movement due to buoyancy forces caused by liquefaction of the backfill material during an earthquake. Three uplift mechanisms were observed in the centrifuge model tests: (1) a cyclic ratcheting mechanism of sand moving under the tunnel associated with cyclic lateral deformations of the tunnel;(2) flow of water under the tunnel; and, (3) heave of the soft trench clay. The FLAC program was used to simulate the centrifuge model tests. A sensitivity study was performed to decide on the final mesh and treatment of interfaces in the numerical model. Results of the sensitivity study, numerical simulations and centrifuge model test results are presented and discussed in this paper.
Supplementation with High or Low Iron Reduces Colitis Severity in an AOM/DSS Mouse Model

The relationship between colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and the dysregulation of iron metabolism has been implicated. However, studies on the influence of dietary iron deficiency on the incidence of CAC are limited. This study investigated the effects of dietary iron deficiency and dietary non-heme iron on CAC development in an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) mouse model. The four-week-old mice were divided into the following groups: iron control (IC; 35 ppm iron/kg) + normal (NOR), IC + AOM/DSS, iron deficient (ID; <5 ppm iron/kg diet) + AOM/DSS, and iron overload (IOL; approximately 2000 ppm iron/kg) + AOM/DSS. The mice were fed the respective diets for 13 weeks, and the AOM/DSS model was established at week five. FTH1 expression increased in the mice’s colons in the IC + AOM/DSS group compared with that observed in the ID and IOL + AOM/DSS groups. The reduced number of colonic tumors in the ID + AOM/DSS and IOL + AOM/DSS groups was accompanied by the downregulated expression of cell proliferation regulators (PCNA, cyclin D1, and c-Myc). Iron overload inhibited the increase in the expression of NF-κB and its downstream inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα, iNOS, COX2, and IL-1β), likely due to the elevated expression of antioxidant genes (SOD1, TXN, GPX1, GPX4, CAT, HMOX1, and NQO1). ID + AOM/DSS may hinder tumor development in the AOM/DSS model by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway by increasing the expression of Ndrg1. Our study suggests that ID and IOL diets suppress AOM/DSS-induced tumors and that long-term iron deficiency or overload may negate CAC progression.
Application of Five Different Chlorella sp. Microalgal Strains for the Treatment of Vegetation Waters Derived from Unconventional Oil Extractions Enriched with Citrus Byproducts

The Mediterranean diet has, among its cornerstones, the use of olive oil for its nutraceutical and organoleptic properties. Despite the numerous merits, olive-oil mill wastewater (OMWW), which is generated by the olive-oil extraction process, is one of the most serious environmental pollutants in the Mediterranean countries. The polluting potential of OMWW is due to its high content of tannins, polyphenols, polyalcohols, pectins and lipids. In order to close the recovery cycle of a fortified citrus olive oils previously developed, we tested the ability of five microalgae of the Chlorella group (SEC_LI_ChL_1, CL_Sc, CL_Ch, FB and Idr) in lowering the percentage of total phenolic compounds in vegetation water. This was obtained with three different extraction processes (conventional, and lemon and orange peels) at three concentrations each (10%, 25% and 50%). The results showed that strains Idr, FB and CL_Sc from the Lake Massaciuccoli can tolerate vegetation water from conventional and lemon peel extractions up to 25%; these strains can also reduce the phenolic compounds within the tests. The application of microalgae for OMWW treatment represents an interesting opportunity as well as an eco-friendly low-cost solution to be developed within companies as a full-scale approach, which could be applied to obtain a fortified microalgal biomass to be employed in nutraceutical fields.
Improvement of the Clinical and Psychological Profile of Patients with Autism after Methylcobalamin Syrup Administration

(1) Background: Autism, also known as autism-spectrum disorder, is a pervasive developmental disorder affecting social skills and psychological status in particular. The complex etiopathogenesis of autism limits efficient therapy, which leads to problems with the normal social integration of the individual and causes severe family distress. Injectable methylcobalamin was shown to improve the clinical status of patients via enhanced cell oxidative status and/or methylation capacity. Here we tested the efficiency of a syrup form of methylcobalamin in treating autism. (2) Methods: Methylcobalamin was administered daily at 500 µg dose to autistic children and young adults (n = 25) during a 200-day period. Clinical and psychological status was evaluated by parents and psychologists and plasma levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione, vitamin B12, homocysteine, and cysteine were determined before the treatment, and at day 100 and day 200 of the treatment. (3) Results: Good patient compliance was reported. Methylcobalamin treatment gradually improved the overall clinical and psychological status, with the highest impact in the social domain, followed by the cognitive, behavioral and communication characteristics. Changes in the clinical and psychological status were strongly associated with the changes in the level of reduced glutathione and reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio. (4) Conclusion: A high dose of methylcobalamin administered in syrup form ameliorates the clinical and psychological status of autistic individuals, probably due to the improved oxidative status.
A Clinical Study on Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy and its Effect on the Fetomaternal Outcome

Background: Thyroid gland is the power house of human body. It provides energy for the various biochemical processes of the body and helps to maintain basal metabolic rate. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and to evaluate the obstetric and perinatal outcomes in such pregnancies Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur from 15 January 2021 to 15 JUNE 2021 Study Design: A Descriptive Case Series. Materials and Methods: A total of 292 cases of antenatal patients, irrespective of their period of gestation were enrolled in this study by random sampling method. Patients with multiple pregnancies and having bad obstetrical history were excluded. Detailed history and obstetrical examination, routine blood test and serum TSH were performed. These patients were followed during labour, delivery and puerperium and maternal outcome and neonatal outcomes were noted. Results: In this study we enrolled two hundreds and ninety two (292) antenatal women. Out of total 292 patients only 61 (20.9%) were nulliparous and rest of the patients were multiparous. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy was 8.2%. Out of this, 2.74 % patients had sub clinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Overt hypothyroidism (OH) was seen in 2.40%, sub clinical Hyperthyroidism in 1.71% & the incidence of overt hyperthyroidism was 1.37%. Maternal complication included: abortion (5.5%), pre-eclampsia (3.4%), abruption-placentae (4.1%), preterm labour (4.5%), PPH (4.2%) and puerperal sepsis (2.8%). Neonatal outcomes included: preterm births (5.4%),LBW (5.1 %), IUGR (6.2%), still birth (4.4%), neonatal death (5.1%), low APGAR score ( <7 at 5 minutes ) (6.9%). Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, though has a low incidence, but is associated with adverse maternal and fetal complications. Thus thyroid screening should be done in antenatal period to improve fetomaternal outcome. Keywords: Thyroid dysfunction, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Fetomaternal outcome, Overt Hypothyroidism, Subclinical Hypothyroidism.
Nodular Histiocytic/Mesothelial Hyperplasia Mimicking Mesenteric Metastasis

Nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia (NHMH) is a rare histologic entity, characterized by localized benign reactive proliferation of histiocytes and mesothelial cells. The presence of this rare entity poses a challenge in differential diagnosis, both in radiological findings and pathological interpretations under certain circumstances, and consequently has been misdiagnosed as malignancy. Here, we report a case of mesenteric NHMH in a patient with colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma. Histology shows numerous large calretinin (+) mesothelial cells mixed with CD68 (+) histiocytes by immunohistochemistry. In contrast to almost all previously reported cases with typical features of histiocytic predominance, the current case of NHMH mainly consists of mesothelial cells with intermixed histiocytes. The findings expand the histologic spectrum of NHMH and contribute to awareness of this entity in the differential diagnosis.
l-Serine Biosensor-Controlled Fermentative Production of l-Tryptophan Derivatives by Corynebacterium glutamicum

Simple Summary l-tryptophan is an amino acid found in proteins. Its derivatives, such as hydroxylated or halogenated l-tryptophans, find applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, for example, in therapeutic peptides. Biotechnology provides a sustainable way for the production of l-tryptophan and its derivatives. In the final reaction of l-tryptophan biosynthesis in bacteria, such as Corynebacterium glutamicum, another amino acid, l-serine, is incorporated. Here, we show that C. glutamicum TrpB is able to convert indole derivatives, which were added to cells synthesizing l-serine, to the corresponding l-tryptophan derivatives. The gene trpB was expressed under the control of the l-serine-responsive transcriptional activator SerR in the C. glutamicum cells engineered for this fermentation process. Abstract l-Tryptophan derivatives, such as hydroxylated or halogenated l-tryptophans, are used in therapeutic peptides and agrochemicals and as precursors of bioactive compounds, such as serotonin. l-Tryptophan biosynthesis depends on another proteinogenic amino acid, l-serine, which is condensed with indole-3-glycerophosphate by tryptophan synthase. This enzyme is composed of the α-subunit TrpA, which catalyzes the retro-aldol cleavage of indole-3-glycerol phosphate, yielding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and indole, and the β-subunit TrpB that catalyzes the β-substitution reaction between indole and l-serine to water and l-tryptophan. TrpA is reported as an allosteric actuator, and its absence severely attenuates TrpB activity. In this study, however, we showed that Corynebacterium glutamicum TrpB is catalytically active in the absence of TrpA. Overexpression of C. glutamicum trpB in a trpBA double deletion mutant supported growth in minimal medium only when exogenously added indole was taken up into the cell and condensed with intracellularly synthesized l-serine. The fluorescence reporter gene of an l-serine biosensor, which was based on the endogenous transcriptional activator SerR and its target promoter PserE, was replaced by trpB. This allowed for l-serine-dependent expression of trpB in an l-serine-producing strain lacking TrpA. Upon feeding of the respective indole derivatives, this strain produced the l-tryptophan derivatives 5-hydroxytryptophan, 7-bromotryptophan, and 5-fluorotryptophan.