Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproductive parameters of primiparous Awassi sheep and mortality rates of their lambs in steppe climates

This study was aimed to investigate reproductive parameters, birth weight, weaning weight and survival rates of primiparousAwassi sheep, done by hand-mated, which were transferred from Ceylanpınar Agricultural Enterprise to İlciÇiçekdağı Agricultural Enterprise where the climate is colder than Ceylanpınar, has arid and hot climate conditions, also to check their adaptation and productivity in colder climates.The reproductive data was obtained from 985 primiparousAwassi yearling lambs, done controlled mating with 35 rams. The birth weight of newborn lambs was recorded and then the study was terminated with calculating weaning weight of the lambs.Estrousandlambing rate, litter sizewere calculated as 96.45%, 90.55%, 1.09 respectively. Twinning rate was found as 9.08%. Even though stillbirths were 0.12% for single lambs and 3.09% for twin lambs; mortality rate of lambs until weaning was found as 22.57% for single lambs and 20.57% for twin lambs. Lamb birth and weaning weights were determined as 4.75 and 29.52 kg for single lambs; 3.82 and 28.80 kg for twin lambs; 4.19 and 28.44 kg for females; 4.38 and 29.88 kg for males. Reproductive parameters of Awassi sheep raised in the unusual climate conditions such as rainy and cold weatherwere not affected as much as expected. Satisfactory results were obtained from the study regarding to reproductive parameters in different climates despite some management problems affecting lamb mortality rate. Genotypes and preservation of Awassi population in Ceylanpınar Agricultural Enterprise are said to be really in good conditions.
Influence of Mindset on Intellectual Performance

One of the priorities of education institutional existence is to empower student’s academic performance. Understanding their perception towards themselves and their mindset able to help students in their development. This study aims to identify the influence of mindset on intellectual performance. The population of this study sample covers 108 high school students ages 15 to 18 years old across Johor. The respondents of this research were selected through purposive sampling. In this research, student mindset had been measure using the growth mindset scale, and intellectual performance had been measured using 10 items of the psychometric and intellectual test. The data collected were analysed by using SPSS version 26. The results of this research showed that majority of the students has a growth mindset and majority of the students only able to achieve low intellectual performance level. In addition, the findings indicate that type of mindset did not influence intellectual performance.
Identifying the dimensions of successor development in central bank managers of the Islamic republic of Iran

This research aims to identify the dimensions, components, and indicators of successor development in central bank managers. The successor development plan provides the best staff in the critical jobs of the organization given the lack of necessary planning in the departure of managers and experienced people in the organization, along with the lack of identification of talented people to replace managerial positions. This applied research employed an exploratory method to conduct the study and used a mixed method to collect data in two quantitative and qualitative parts. The successor development indicators in the central bank were explained in the qualitative part using the content analysis method in two stages of document analysis and library studies, as well as semistructured interviews. The views of the sample in the quantitative section were examined with a researcher-made questionnaire compared to indicators calculated from the qualitative section. The statistical sample in the qualitative section consisted of 12 senior managers of the Central Bank who were collected by purposive and snowball sampling method to achieve theoretical saturation. A total of 285 basic, middle, and senior managers of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran were selected in the quantitative section by stratified random sampling using the Morgan table. Content analysis and coding method were performed for data analysis in the qualitative section. One sample t-tests were performed to explain and prioritize dimensions, components, and indicators in the quantitative part. According to the results, 68 indicators were identified, explained, and prioritized in 12 components and four dimensions of organizational readiness, competency development, human resource empowerment, and underlying factors. The highest frequency among the indicators in the quality sector is related to the component of "professional qualifications. " The dimension of "human resource empowerment" (mean=4.03) and the component of "education and development" (mean=4.036) were the most crucial successor development requirements for central bank managers.
An overview of organic, grassfed dairy farm management and factors related to higher milk production

Abstract Organic, grassfed (OGF) dairy, which requires higher pasture and forage dry matter intake compared with standard organic dairy practices, is unique both in its management needs and in production challenges. The OGF dairy sector is rapidly growing, with the expansion of this industry outpacing other dairy sectors. There is a lack of research outlining OGF dairy production practices, producer-identified research needs or social factors that affect OGF systems. The objectives of this study were to, with a group of OGF dairy producers, (1) assess information regarding current production practices and producer knowledge, and (2) identify agronomic and social factors that may influence milk production on OGF farms across the United States. A mail survey, focused on demographics, forage and animal management, knowledge, and satisfaction of their farm, was developed and distributed in 2019, with 167 responses (47% response rate). The majority of producers indicated they belonged to the plain, or Amish-Mennonite, community. Milk production was greater on farms that had Holstein cattle, as compared to farms with Jerseys and mixed breeds, and employed intensive pasture rotation. Furthermore, most producers reported the use of supplements such as molasses and kelp meal, which can improve milk production, but also increase feed costs. Producers who indicated that they were at least satisfied with their milk production also reported high levels of knowledge of grazing management and cow reproductive performance. Comparison of response data from plain/non-plain respondents revealed that those that did not identify as plain were more likely to utilize certain government programs, had different priorities and utilized technology more frequently. Based on these results, more research exploring financial and production benchmarks, effective communication strategies to reach OGF producers and methods to improve cattle production through improved forage quality is needed.
Stop Piling on: Assessing Efforts to Reduce Single-Use Water Bottles at Allegheny College

Plastic waste represents one of the largest environmental problems of the modern era and disposable water bottles comprise a substantial portion of that waste in the U.S. Colleges are in a unique position to create systems that foster sustainable behaviors among their constituents. Since 2015, Allegheny College has installed water refill stations, and initiated a free water bottle program and an awareness campaign to reduce single-use bottles on the college’s campus. Two surveys were distributed to the student body between 2018 and 2019 to assess the efficacy of those initiatives and learn about any barriers. Bottled water use has reduced significantly since 2014, with the majority of students stating that they most commonly drink water from refill stations while on campus. Demographic factors like income, sex, or place of origin were not related to the amount of bottled water consumption or type of water preference among students. The primary barrier to students eliminating disposable water bottle use was found to be a lack of water refill stations in dormitories. Research aimed at changing behaviors to benefit the environment should consider the barrier of convenience. This research provides a valuable lesson that can extend beyond college campuses and into public settings.
Participation experience for persons with oculomotor impairments after acquired brain injury

Introduction While individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) often receive occupational therapy, relatively little is known about how those with related oculomotor problems characterize their ability to participate in everyday activities and life roles. This study describes the difficulties experienced by this population. Method This study is a thematic analysis of qualitative responses to open-ended questions based on answers to a standardized assessment. Thirty rehabilitation outpatients with ABI-related oculomotor impairments participated in semi-structured interviews to describe their experiences of difficulties in everyday activities. Results Difficulties were associated with three themes: challenges of the activities and environments (activity requirements, physical and socioeconomic environments, and time), self-identified personal difficulties (physical, cognitive, and socioemotional), and changes in habits/roles/priorities (modifications to activities and environments, loss and negative consequences, and life management changes). Conclusion How people with ABI-related oculomotor impairments experience difficulties while participating in activities is dynamic and complex. Challenging activity requirements and environments often led to personal difficulties, which limited participation. Activity modifications, changes in priorities, and managing energy budget enhanced participation. A model of the experience is proposed. Findings suggest using activity analysis and teaching compensatory methods and life management strategies with individuals may assist in ability to participate.
Winning the Loyalty Cup: Impact of Symbol-related Brand Elements on Brand Loyalty of Sports Clubs

Extant research in marketing has recognized the importance of branding in sports. Professional sports clubs are considered to be big brands, and fan loyalty is a crucial factor in determining their success. Brand elements are the building blocks of brands and are used by brand managers to create distinct associations in consumers’ minds, resulting in brand recall and recognition. This study employs the context of football to explore the relationship between the symbol-related brand elements of a sports club and brand loyalty towards the club. We find that the brand elements, the history of the club, jersey and logo positively influence brand loyalty towards a sports club. The study sheds light on the importance of brand elements for a sports club brand and can help brand managers and sponsors to focus more on investments in brand elements that matter, as opposed to those which do not.
The Chicken and Egg of Pride and Social Rank

Prior research has found an association between pride experiences and social rank outcomes. However, the causal direction of this relationship remains unclear. The current research used a longitudinal design (N = 1,653) to investigate whether pride experiences are likely to be a cause, consequence, or both, of social rank outcomes, by tracking changes in individuals’ pride and social rank over time. Prior research also has uncovered distinct correlational relationships between the two facets of pride, authentic and hubristic, and two forms of social rank, prestige and dominance, respectively. We therefore separately examined longitudinal relationships between each pride facet and each form of social rank. Results reveal distinct bidirectional relationships between authentic pride and prestige and hubristic pride and dominance, suggesting that specific kinds of pride experiences and specific forms of social rank are both an antecedent and a consequence of one another.
Linking natural resource dependence and industrialization in sub-Saharan African countries

ABSTRACT Despite the growing literature on natural resources, little is known about the effect of natural resources on industrialization, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap by assessing how natural ressources affect the industrialization process in 27 sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2000–2016. To carry out our investigation, we used several estimation methods including Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Fixed Effect (FE) and Generalized Moments Methods (GMM). The results show that there is a negative relationship between natural resource dependence and industrialization. A U-shaped relationship between natural resource dependence and industrialization is established. Furthermore, the disaggregation of natural resource rents shows that while oil rent, gas rent and mineral rent hamper the industrialization process, the effect of forest rent and coal rent on the industrialization is positive. Finally, we show that governance plays an important role in mitigating the negative impact of natural resources on industrialization. Thus, governance can be an effective way to break the resource curse in sub-Saharan African countries.
Cotton Yield and Climate Change Adaptation in Pakistan: Application of Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression Model

Purpose:Cotton is the backbone of Pakistan economy, as country is the 4th largest producer of cotton in the world. Despite this importance there is steep decline in cotton production over time due to climate change. The need to evaluate the potential of adaptation in improving cotton yield has necessitated this study. Design/Methodology/Approach:This study is based on the farm household survey of four cotton producing districts, two from each Punjab and Sindh that were purposively selected from heat stress regions of Pakistan. Data were analyzed through multinomial endogenous switching regression model and treatment effect framework. Findings:Farm management practices were evaluated for their significance in reducing adverse impacts of climatic extremes on cotton yield. Adaptation in the combination of first three strategies observed to be the most successful strategies in increasing yield. Implications/Originality/Value:For effective adaptation access to credit and extension, education, farming experience, and sources of information revealed to be important predictors
Tool Wear Analysis during Ultrasonic Assisted Turning of Nimonic-90 under Dry and Wet Conditions

Nickel-based superalloys are widely used in the aerospace, automotive, marine and medical sectors, owing to their high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. However, they exhibit poor machinability due to low thermal conductivity, high shear modulus, strain hardening, etc. Various modifications have been incorporated into existing machining techniques to address these issues. One such modification is the incorporation of ultrasonic assistance to turning operations. The assisted process is popularly known as ultrasonic assisted turning (UAT), and uses ultrasonic vibration to the processing zone to cut the material. The present article investigates the effect of ultrasonic vibration on coated carbide tool wear for machining Nimonic-90 under dry and wet conditions. UAT and conventional turning (CT) were performed at constant cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The results show that the main wear mechanisms were abrasion, chipping, notch wear and adhesion of the built-up edge in both processes. However, by using a coolant, the formation of the built-up edge was reduced. CT and UAT under dry conditions showed an approximate reduction of 20% in the width of flank wear compared to CT and UAT under wet conditions. UAT showed approximate reductions of 6–20% in cutting force and 13–27% in feed force compared to the CT process. The chips formed during UAT were thinner, smoother and shorter than those formed during CT.
Disperse Solid-Phase Extraction Cleanup for the Determination of 1-Deoxynojirimycin in Mulberry Leaves with Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A new determination method of 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) in mulberry leaves based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) has been developed. Dried and crushed mulberry leaves’ sample was extracted by MeCN-water solvent, purified by graphitized carbon black (GCB) and primary secondary amine (PSA) to remove organic acids and pigments, and then analyzed after attenuation and filtration. The calibration curve showed linearity in the concentration range of 10–500 ng/mL, with the correlation coefficient of 0.998. Recoveries of spiked 1-DNJ at three fortification levels ranged from 94.6% to 96.4%, with relative standard derivation below 1.2%. Additionally, the matrix effect was assessed as negligible. Compared with methods by gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) via real sample detection, the proposed method acquired better stability and detection efficiency. These results proved that this method has advantages of simple operation, complete purification, small pretreatment loss, good precision and accuracy, and high determination specificity, which is suitable for massive monitoring and precise quantitation of 1-DNJ in mulberry leaves.
The Unknowability of Autonomous Tools and the Liminal Experience of Their Use

Recently companies are increasingly adopting intelligent technologies, such as autonomous tools and artificial intelligence, to assist complex knowledge works that are traditionally carried out by human experts. These tools can independently learn and execute novel actions. The input–output relationships of these tools, however, are unknowable to human experts. This calls for analysis of how humans may work differently while interacting with such tools. To this end, we conduct a comparative case study at one of the world’s largest semiconductor manufacturers. We investigate how chip designers interact with two families of design technologies: one following a traditional designer-centric approach in which the designer knows what outputs particular inputs to the tools will generate, and another relying on autonomous tools that continually surprise the user. Our inquiry reveals that, when using autonomous tools, designers can hardly understand the design generated by the tools and become more like laboratory experimentalists in that their primary job is experimenting with different inputs and assessing the quality of the finished design. Their interactions with the tools are marked by ambiguity, and the design is moved forward along multiple design trajectories in accordance with a multifarious temporality.
Sanctions and international interaction improve cooperation to avert climate change

Imposing sanctions on non-compliant parties to international agreements is advocated as a remedy for international cooperation failure. Nevertheless, sanctions are costly, and rational choice theory predicts their ineffectiveness in improving cooperation. We test sanctions effectiveness experimentally in international collective-risk social dilemmas simulating efforts to avoid catastrophic climate change. We involve individuals from countries where sanctions were shown to be effective (Germany) or ineffective (Russia) in increasing cooperation. Here, we show that, while this result still holds nationally, international interaction backed by sanctions is beneficial. Cooperation by low cooperator groups increases relative to national cooperation and converges to the levels of high cooperators. This result holds regardless of revealing other group members' nationality, suggesting that participants' specific attitudes or stereotypes over the other country were irrelevant. Groups interacting under sanctions contribute more to catastrophe prevention than what would maximize expected group payoffs. This behaviour signals a strong propensity for protection against collective risks.
Heterogeneous salinity in the root system of bell pepper in greenhouse

ABSTRACT The split-root technique was used as a strategy to reduce saline stress on pepper. A completely randomized design with six treatments and four replicates was used. The treatments consisted of six saline water application strategies (T1 - salinized nutrient solution (S1 = 1.4 dS m-1) during the whole cycle; T2 - salinized nutrient solution (S2 = 4.5 dS m-1) throughout the cycle, T3 - S1 and S2 throughout the cycle, using two emitters and without splitting the root system, T4 - S1 and S2, using two emitters and splitting the root system by a plastic film, T5 - S1 and S2, using two emitters and splitting the root system, alternating the solutions every 15 days, T6 - S1 and S2, using two emitters and without splitting the root system, alternating the solutions every 15 days). Five fruit harvests were performed, and the plants were harvested at 85 days after initiation of treatments and evaluated for the following variables: leaf number, leaf area, plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry matter (stem + leaves + fruits), root dry matter, number of fruits, fresh fruit weight and fruit production per plant. Most of the variables were reduced by the salinity of irrigation water. The highest fruit yields were obtained using low-salinity water, with the mixture of non-saline and saline waters, and alternating biweekly when the root system was split, demonstrating the viability of these three techniques.
Fear of Terrorism and Fear of Violent Crimes in the United States: A Comparative Analysis

The purpose of this study was to compare Americans’ fear of terrorism to fear of violent crimes (i.e., murder, mass shooting, and gang violence). Previous research suggested that similarities exist between terrorism and violent crimes, yet no study has compared the fear aspects of terrorism and violence in the United States. Using nationally representative data from the 2018 Americans’ Fears Survey (N = 1,190), we compared fear of terrorism to fear of violent crimes with a main focus on the effects of exposure to the media, political views, and religiosity of the adult Americans. The results of the analyses showed the roles of online media, religiosity, and politics differed significantly in shaping the sampled Americans’ fear of terrorism when compared to their fear of violent crimes. Despite the resemblance of terrorism and violence, the fear arising from the political nature of terrorism as a crime distinguishes the nature of fear from violent crimes.
Identifying the determinants of vacuum tube high-speed train development with technology roadmapping – a study from Poland

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to identify the conditions (both technical and non-technical) that determine the development of vacuum tube high-speed train technology. We employ technological roadmapping as a method. With this method, we analyze the planned process of the development of vacuum tube high-speed train technology in Poland. We have identified 65 conditions. They have been segregated into 4 groups (namely, legal, technological, economic, and social) and 20 development paths. These conditions are visible in the roadmap picturing the development process of vacuum tube high-speed train technology. Among the identified determinants, technical factors dominate; they relate to line infrastructure, stations, and vehicles. However, the development of technology is determined by legal, economic, and social conditions as well. Our study indicates that the successful implementation of the technology requires the management of all of the determining conditions and the mitigation of the impact of those that may be limited to others. The unveiled connotations among the examined factors can be implied by the decision-makers who are responsible for the development of transport infrastructure and vacuum tube high-speed train technology.