Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algebraic Relations among Matching Constraints of Multiple Images

Given a set of $n\ge2$ uncalibrated views, for any corresponding point across $n$ views, there exist three types of matching constraints: bilinear constraints(for $n\ge2$), trilinear constraints (for $n\ge3$, \cite{shashua94c- }) and quadrilinear constraints (for $n \ge 4$, \cite{hartley94d,triggs95a,fau- geras95a}). The exact algebraic relations among these multi-linear constraints have not been elucidated by previous authors. This paper examines the relations between these matching constraints by singling out the degenerate view and point configurations. The key result that will be established is that for generic view configurations and generic points, all multi-linear constraints may algebraically be reduced to the algebraically independent bilinear constraints- . In other words, all matching constraints are contained in the ideal generated only by the bilinear constraints for generic views and points. As a consequence, $2n-3$ algebraically independent bilinearities from pairs of views completely describe the algebraic/geometric structure of $n$ uncalibrated views for generic views and points. For degenerate points of generic views, each type of constraint reduces differently. The exact reduced form of the matching constraints are also made explicit by computer algebra.
The Microbiological Context of HIV Resistance: Vaginal Microbiota and Mucosal Inflammation at the Viral Point of Entry

Immune activation is increasingly recognized as a critical element of HIV infection and pathogenesis, causing expansion of virus founder populations at the mucosal port of entry and eventual exhaustion of cellular immune effectors. HIV susceptibility is well known to be influenced by concurrent sexually transmitted infections; however, the role of commensal vaginal microbiota is poorly characterized. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a risk factor for HIV acquisition in studies worldwide; however, the etiology of BV remains enigmatic, and the mechanisms by which BV increases HIV susceptibility are not fully defined. A model of how vaginal microbiota influences HIV transmission is considered in the context of a well-established cohort of HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) commercial sex workers (CSW) in Nairobi, Kenya, many of whom have increased levels of anti-inflammatory factors in vaginal secretions and reduced peripheral immune activation (immune quiescence). Elucidation of the relationship between complex microbial communities and inflammatory mucosal responses underlying HIV infection should be a priority for future prevention-focussed research.
Assessing Specific Oligonucleotides and Small Molecule Antibiotics for the Ability to Inhibit the CRD-BP-CD44 RNA Interaction

Studies on Coding Region Determinant-Binding Protein (CRD-BP) and its orthologs have confirmed their functional role in mRNA stability and localization. CRD-BP is present in extremely low levels in normal adult tissues, but it is over-expressed in many types of aggressive human cancers and in neonatal tissues. Although the exact role of CRD-BP in tumour progression is unclear, cumulative evidence suggests that its ability to physically associate with target mRNAs is an important criterion for its oncogenic role. CRD-BP has high affinity for the 3′UTR of the oncogenic CD44 mRNA and depletion of CRD-BP in cells led to destabilization of CD44 mRNA, decreased CD44 expression, reduced adhesion and disruption of invadopodia formation. Here, we further characterize the CRD-BP-CD44 RNA interaction and assess specific antisense oligonucleotides and small molecule antibiotics for their ability to inhibit the CRD-BP-CD44 RNA interaction. CRD-BP has a high affinity for binding to CD44 RNA nts 2862–3055 with a Kd of 645 nM. Out of ten antisense oligonucleotides spanning nts 2862–3055, only three antisense oligonucleotides (DD4, DD7 and DD10) were effective in competing with CRD-BP for binding to 32P-labeled CD44 RNA. The potency of DD4, DD7 and DD10 in inhibiting the CRD-BP-CD44 RNA interaction in vitro correlated with their ability to specifically reduce the steady-state level of CD44 mRNA in cells. The aminoglycoside antibiotics neomycin, paramomycin, kanamycin and streptomycin effectively inhibited the CRD-BP-CD44 RNA interaction in vitro. Assessing the potential inhibitory effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics including neomycin on the CRD-BP-CD44 mRNA interaction in cells proved difficult, likely due to their propensity to non-specifically bind nucleic acids. Our results have important implications for future studies in finding small molecules and nucleic acid-based inhibitors that interfere with protein-RNA interactions.
Optimization of Aqueous Extraction of Polyphenols from Cuminum cyminum Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology and Assessment of Biological Activity

(1) Background: Cumin seeds, extracted from the plant Cuminum cyminum, are abundant in phenolic compounds and have been extensively researched for their chemical makeup and biological effects. The objective of this research is to enhance the water extraction of polyphenols through the water bath (WB) technique and to evaluate the antiradical, antibacterial, and anticancer effects of the extract. (2) Methods: Response Surface Methodology was used to find the best parameters to extract polyphenols. Three experimental parameters, time, temperature, and solid-liquid ratio, were tested. The disc diffusion method has been used to determine the antimicrobial activities against Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The antiradical activity was performed using the DPPH method, while total phenolic content was performed using Folin–Ciocalteu. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was conducted to analyze the phytochemical profile of WB extracts. The anticancer activity of the lyophilized extract was assessed against three cancer cell lines (colon (HT29), lung (A549), and breast (MCF7) cancer cell lines). ; (3) Results: The optimal conditions for water extraction were 130 min at 72 °C. The total phenolic compounds yield (14.7 mg GAE/g DM) and antioxidant activity (0.52 mg trolox eq./mL) were obtained using a 1:40 solid–liquid ratio. The primary polyphenols identified were the flavonoids rutin (0.1 ppm) and ellagic acid (3.78 ppm). The extract had no antibacterial or antifungal activities against the microorganisms tested. The extract showed anticancer activity of about 98% against MCF7 (breast cancer cell line), about 81% against HT29 (colon cancer cell line), and 85% against A549 (lung cancer cell line) at high doses. (4) Conclusions: Extraction time and a high solid–liquid ratio had a positive impact on polyphenol recovery and in maintaining their quantity and quality. Furthermore, the optimal aqueous extract exhibited strong antiradical activity reflected by the inhibition of free radicals in addition to a significant specificity against the tested cancer cell lines.
Fortifying Life Skills and Family Guardianship at the “KAMPUS BUNDA” Literacy Hub

Inisiatif "KAMPUS BUNDA" di Desa Sekayu bertujuan untuk menyediakan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi dan seksual yang komprehensif bagi perempuan dan ibu, mengatasi masalah-masalah kompleks, dan menekankan pengawasan orang tua serta perlindungan dari ancaman digital. Dengan rencana implementasi selama tiga tahun dan dipandu oleh proyeksi kegiatan, program ini menunjukkan adaptabilitas terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Double Diamond Design Thinking, implementasi mencakup identifikasi kebutuhan masyarakat, observasi lapangan, dan keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan. Kurikulum mencakup berbagai aspek kehidupan dengan menggunakan berbagai metode pembelajaran. Hasil program meliputi buku pengembangan keterampilan lunak bersertifikat, ringkasan eksekutif, dan dokumentasi yang disebarluaskan melalui media sosial. Hasil tambahan mencakup kurikulum bersertifikat IPR, artikel ilmiah, publikasi media massa, modul/panduan pembelajaran, dan video pendidikan, menunjukkan komitmen untuk mendukung inisiatif berkelanjutan dan berdampak di Desa Sekayu.Kata Kunci: Pengawasan Orang Tua, Remaja, Implementasi, Double Diamond The "KAMPUS BUNDA" initiative in Sekayu Village aims to provide comprehensive reproductive and sexual health education for women and mothers, addressing complex problems and emphasizing parental supervision and protection against digital threats. Structured with a three-year implementation plan and guided by activity projections, the program exhibits adaptability to community needs. Employing a qualitative approach with the Double Diamond Design Thinking method, the implementation includes identifying community needs, field observations, and stakeholder engagement. The curriculum covers diverse life aspects, using varied learning methods. Program outputs include a certified soft skills development book, an executive summary, and disseminated documentation through social media. Additional outcomes feature an IPR-certified curriculum, scientific articles, mass media publications, learning modules/manuals, and educational videos, illustrating a commitment to fostering a sustainable and impactful initiative in Sekayu Village.
Prediction of body temperatures during exercise in flying clothing.

A mathematical model has been used to describe experimental results for core and skin temperatures in subjects undergoing a rest/activity cycle in two aircrew clothing assemblies at two environmental temperatures (wet bulb, globe temperature (WBGT) indices of 25.9 and 28.9 degrees C). The model presented compares well with published data for subjects in standard aircrew equipment assemblies. Aircrew flying at a WBGT of 28.9 degrees C in chemical defence clothing may reach an unacceptable level of mean body temperature within 40 min and deep body temperature will rise at 1 degree C.hr-1. To prevent deterioration in flying performance during repeated sorties, an alteration in the work/rest activity pattern or the introduction of effective cabin or personal conditioning systems may be required,
QoS Scalability for Streamed Media Delivery

Applications with real-rate progress requirements, such as media-streaming systems, are difficult to deploy in shared heterogenous environments such as the Internet. On the Internet, media-streaming systems must be capable of trading off resource requirements against the quality of the media streams they deliver, in order to match wide-ranging dynamic variations in bandwidth between servers and clients. Since quality requirements tend to be user- and task-specific, mechanisms for capturing quality of service requirements and mapping them to appropriate resource-level adaptation policies are required. In this paper, we describe a general approach for automatically mapping user-level quality of service specifications onto resource consumption scaling policies. Quality of service specifications are given through utility functions, and priority packet dropping for layered media streams is the resource scaling technique. The approach emphasizes simple mechanisms, yet facilitates fine-grained policy-driven adaptation over a wide-range of bandwidth levels. We demonstrate the approach in a streaming-video player that supports user-tailorable quality adaptation policies both for matching its resource consumption requirements to the capabilities of heterogeneous clients, and for responding to dynamic variations in system and network load.
A Planner for Plan Construction Dialogues for Multi- Agent Plans

A natural language dialogue planner is described that chooses dialogue moves to revise the beliefs of an agent. In particular those beliefs that refer to the mental state of another agent are revised. In a planning problem of repeated decisions, the future decision of the other agent is better predicted, and therefore the immediate plan decision of the first agent is a better one.
SUBTRACT: a program for the efficient evaluation of substrate parasitics in integrated circuits

Algorithms for the efficient evaluation of substrate parasitics in mixed-signal integrated circuits have been developed and incorporated in an extraction tool for substrate parasitics, SUBTRACT. Using a preprocessed, polynomial-based boundary element method, SUBTRACT enables the parasitic extraction process to be completely technology independent, allowing for fast evaluation. Additionally, techniques to accelerate the iterative solution of the resulting impedance matrix have been developed and employed to further improve the speed advantages that this method offers. The preprocessed boundary element method is more efficient than finite-difference schemes and orders of magnitude faster than general boundary element methods using a direct evaluation of Green's function. Results of employing SUBTRACT to the design and verification of a mixed-signal A/D converter IC are described.
A robust moving object segmentation algorithm using integrated mask-based background maintenance

In this paper a novel moving object segmentation algorithm is proposed. This algorithm utilizes an integrated mask-based background (BG) maintenance scheme. A rough foreground (FG) mask and a block-based FG mask are integrated by an OR operation to give the final update mask. Multiple updating rates are used for different regions under different circumstances. Additionally, by analyzing the distribution of pixel values of the temporal difference, we provide an effective detection scheme for sudden illumination change, after which the BG model is rebuilt. Experimental results based on the challenging I2R dataset show that our proposed method provides better performance in comparison with other classic and state-of-art algorithms such as GMM and Codebook, both qualitatively and quantitatively. According to the overall metrics of F1 score, our method achieves 23.74% higher quality of FG segmentation than GMM.
An Evaluation Mechanism for Saliency Functions Used in Localized Image Fusion Quality Metrics

Image fusion is a proven value adding technique for image analysis. Automated image fusion aims to give the fusion system the ability to select, analyze and evaluate fusion-worthy images. This paper examines the evolution of present techniques used for assessing quality of image fusion operators. It also presents an algorithm that objectively evaluates the realism of saliency functions used in image fusion quality measures. Most image fusion quality metrics depend on estimating the amount of information transferred from each source image into the fused image. This algorithm rebuilds the fused image using the estimated information from each source image and compares it to the original fused image.
Simultaneous Inference for Model Averaging of Derived Parameters

Model averaging is a useful approach for capturing uncertainty due to model selection. Currently, this uncertainty is often quantified by means of approximations that do not easily extend to simultaneous inference. Moreover, in practice there is a need for both model averaging and simultaneous inference for derived parameters calculated in an after‐fitting step. We propose a method for obtaining asymptotically correct standard errors for one or several model‐averaged estimates of derived parameters and for obtaining simultaneous confidence intervals that asymptotically control the family‐wise Type I error rate. The performance of the method in terms of coverage is evaluated using a simulation study and the applicability of the method is demonstrated by means of three concrete examples.
Lysosomal Pathology and Osteopetrosis upon Loss of H+-Driven Lysosomal Cl– Accumulation

Chloride Balancing Act The ionic composition of the cytosol and intracellular organelles must be regulated in the face of ongoing membrane traffic into and out of the cell. Now, two papers address the consequences of a change in the transport phenotype of an intracellular Cl− transport protein from a coupled exchanger to a passive Cl− conductor (see the Perspective by Smith and Schwappach). Novarino et al. (p. 1398, published online 29 April) investigated the consequence of a knock-in of the uncoupled ClC-5 transporter into mouse. The knock-out mouse of this endosomal kidney transporter has a severe endocytic phenotype believed to be due to a defect in vesicular acidification. The current study shows a similarly impaired endocytic phenotype for the uncoupled mutant, but the acidification of endosomes was unaffected. Weinert et al. (p. 1401, published online 29 April) used a similar strategy to investigate the consequence of the equivalent mutation in the lysosomal transporter ClC-7, which is highly expressed in the resorption lacuna of osteoclasts and whose knock-out in mice produces lysosomal storage disease and severe osteopetrosis. A similar (though less severe) phenotype was observed in the knock-in mice containing the uncoupled ClC-7, indicating that coupled transport plays a critical role in lysosomes. Chloride conductance and chloride-proton exchange have distinct effects on endolysosomal physiology in mice. During lysosomal acidification, proton-pump currents are thought to be shunted by a chloride ion (Cl–) channel, tentatively identified as ClC-7. Surprisingly, recent data suggest that ClC-7 instead mediates Cl–/proton (H+) exchange. We generated mice carrying a point mutation converting ClC-7 into an uncoupled (unc) Cl– conductor. Despite maintaining lysosomal conductance and normal lysosomal pH, these Clcn7unc/unc mice showed lysosomal storage disease like mice lacking ClC-7. However, their osteopetrosis was milder, and they lacked a coat color phenotype. Thus, only some roles of ClC-7 Cl–/H+ exchange can be taken over by a Cl– conductance. This conductance was even deleterious in Clcn7+/unc mice. Clcn7–/– and Clcn7unc/unc mice accumulated less Cl– in lysosomes than did wild-type mice. Thus, lowered lysosomal chloride may underlie their common phenotypes.
Cluster Subcutaneous Allergen Specific Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background Although allergen specific immunotherapy (SIT) represents the only immune- modifying and curative option available for patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), the optimal schedule for specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is still unknown. The objective of this study is to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of cluster SCIT for patients with AR. Methods By searching PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane clinical trials database from 1980 through May 10th, 2013, we collected and analyzed the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cluster SCIT to assess its efficacy and safety. Results Eight trials involving 567 participants were included in this systematic review. Our meta-analysis showed that cluster SCIT have similar effect in reduction of both rhinitis symptoms and the requirement for anti-allergic medication compared with conventional SCIT, but when comparing cluster SCIT with placebo, no statistic significance were found in reduction of symptom scores or medication scores. Some caution is required in this interpretation as there was significant heterogeneity between studies. Data relating to Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) in 3 included studies were analyzed, which consistently point to the efficacy of cluster SCIT in improving quality of life compared to placebo. To assess the safety of cluster SCIT, meta-analysis showed that no differences existed in the incidence of either local adverse reaction or systemic adverse reaction between the cluster group and control group. Conclusion Based on the current limited evidence, we still could not conclude affirmatively that cluster SCIT was a safe and efficacious option for the treatment of AR patients. Further large-scale, well-designed RCTs on this topic are still needed.
Image steganography using Discrete Wavelet Transformation and Artificial Bee Colony Optimization

With the evolution of Internet Technology the need for the security of information during its transmission has also increased rapidly. Steganography plays a prominent role in the field of data hiding and providing a means for secret communication. Steganography basically refers to the process of secretly hiding messages into a cover medium in a way that only the receiver can suspect its existence. In this paper a new technique for image steganography has been discussed that utilizes the LSB substitution in the contour region of the image. The Pixel Value difference of the region has also been taken in to account in order to increase the embedding capacity of data. A new fitness function has been designed for the Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm that helps to calculate the best positions where data can be embedded. The results obtained using the proposed method provide an increase of approximately 33% in the hiding capacity as compared with the previous technique. It also results into an effective PSNR range varying from 60 to 75 thus increasing the visual quality of image.
Crystal Structure of the YgfZ Protein from Escherichia coli Suggests a Folate-Dependent Regulatory Role in One-Carbon Metabolism

ABSTRACT The ygfZ gene product of Escherichia coli represents a large protein family conserved in bacteria to eukaryotes. The members of this family are uncharacterized proteins with marginal sequence similarity to the T-protein (aminomethyltransferase) of the glycine cleavage system. To assist with the functional assignment of the YgfZ family, the crystal structure of the E. coli protein was determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction. The protein molecule has a three-domain architecture with a central hydrophobic channel. The structure is very similar to that of bacterial dimethylglycine oxidase, an enzyme of the glycine betaine pathway and a homolog of the T-protein. Based on structural superposition, a folate-binding site was identified in the central channel of YgfZ, and the ability of YgfZ to bind folate derivatives was confirmed experimentally. However, in contrast to dimethylglycine oxidase and T-protein, the YgfZ family lacks amino acid conservation at the folate site, which implies that YgfZ is not an aminomethyltransferase but is likely a folate-dependent regulatory protein involved in one-carbon metabolism.
Temporal oculomotor inhibition of return and spatial facilitation of return in a visual encoding task

Oculomotor inhibition of return (O-IOR) is an increase in saccade latency prior to an eye movement to a recently fixated location compared to other locations. It has been proposed that this temporal O-IOR may have spatial consequences, facilitating foraging by inhibiting return to previously attended regions. In order to test this possibility, participants viewed arrays of objects and of words while their eye movements were recorded. Temporal O-IOR was observed, with equivalent effects for object and word arrays, indicating that temporal O-IOR is an oculomotor phenomenon independent of array content. There was no evidence for spatial inhibition of return (IOR). Instead, spatial facilitation of return was observed: participants were significantly more likely than chance to make return saccades and to re-fixate just-visited locations. Further, the likelihood of making a return saccade to an object or word was contingent on the amount of time spent viewing that object or word before leaving it. This suggests that, unlike temporal O-IOR, return probability is influenced by cognitive processing. Taken together, these results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that IOR functions as a foraging facilitator. The results also provide strong evidence for a different oculomotor bias that could serve as a foraging facilitator: saccadic momentum, a tendency to repeat the most recently executed saccade program. We suggest that models of visual attention could incorporate saccadic momentum in place of IOR.