Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS FOR CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS

Objective The results of previous research into exercise interventions for children with cerebral palsy are inconsistent. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of such exercise interventions. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Systematic searches of the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials involving exercise interventions for children with cerebral palsy, from inception to January 2020, were performed. Pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for gross motor function, gait speed, and muscle strength were calculated using random-effects models. Results A final total of 27 trials, including 834 children with cerebral palsy, were selected for quantitative analysis. Exercise interventions had no significant effect on the level of gross motor function (WMD 1.19; 95% CI −1.07 to 3.46; p = 0.302). However, exercise interventions were associated with higher levels of gait speed (WMD 0.05; 95% CI 0.00–0.10; p = 0.032) and muscle strength (WMD 0.92; 95% CI 0.19–1.64; p = 0.013). Conclusion These results suggest that exercise interventions may have beneficial effects on gait speed and muscle strength, but no significant effect on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. LAY ABSTRACT Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of physical impairment in children. This study evaluated the effectiveness of exercise interventions for children with cerebral palsy. Exercise interventions were significantly associated with increased gait speed and muscle strength, while gross motor function was not affected. Exercise interventions should therefore be used for children with cerebral palsy.
Multicenter Validation of the max‐ICH Score in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Outcome prognostication unbiased by early care limitations (ECL) is essential for guiding treatment in patients presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The aim of this study was to determine whether the max‐ICH (maximally treated ICH) Score provides improved and clinically useful prognostic estimation of functional long‐term outcomes after ICH.
Genetically encoded multimode reporter of adaptor complex 3 traffic in budding yeast

AP‐3 (adaptor complex 3) mediates traffic from the late Golgi or early endosomes to late endosomal compartments. In mammals, mutations in AP‐3 cause Hermansky‐Pudlak syndrome type 2, cyclic neutropenias, and a form of epileptic encephalopathy. In budding yeast, AP‐3 carries cargo directly from the trans‐Golgi to the lysosomal vacuole. Despite the pathway's importance and its discovery two decades ago, rapid screens and selections for AP‐3 mutants have not been available. We now report GNSI, a synthetic, genetically encoded reporter that allows rapid plate‐based assessment of AP‐3 functional deficiency, using either chromogenic or growth phenotype readouts. This system identifies defects in both the formation and consumption of AP‐3 carrier vesicles and is adaptable to high‐throughput screening or selection in both plate array and liquid batch culture formats. Episomal and integrating plasmids encoding GNSI have been submitted to the Addgene repository.
Low utilisation of postnatal care among women with unwanted pregnancy: A challenge for Bangladesh to achieve Sustainable Development Goal targets to reduce maternal and newborn deaths.

Pregnancy complications are the major cause of maternal and newborn deaths in low- and middle-income countries that are more frequently associated with unintended pregnancy. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends postnatal care (PNC) for women and their newborns within 24 hr of birth to prevent pregnancy complications and associated adverse outcomes. We, therefore, examined the relationship between unintended pregnancy and PNC use in Bangladesh. Data from 4,493 women and newborn dyads were extracted from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey and analysed. PNC was classified as: no PNC; some level of PNC (either the woman or her newborn missed PNC within 24 hr of birth but had at least one PNC visit within 42 days of birth); and WHO's recommended level of PNC (at least one PNC use for both the woman and her child within 24 hr of birth). Pregnancy intention at conception for the last live birth was categorised as wanted, mistimed or unwanted. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression modelling was used to assess the association between pregnancy intention and PNC use, adjusting for possible confounders. We found around 27% of participants had adhered to WHO's PNC use recommendations. Around 26% of pregnancies that resulted in live births were unintended at conception, including 15% of which were classified as mistimed and 11% as unwanted. Following adjustment of confounders, a 37% (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.85) lower odds of using WHO's recommended level of PNC and a 33% (OR, 95% CI, 0.49-0.93) lower odds of some level of PNC were found for pregnancies that were unwanted relative to those that were wanted. No association was found between mistimed pregnancy and PNC use. Strengthening healthcare facilities and improving the linkage between women and existing healthcare facilities are important to ensure WHO's PNC recommendations are met for women experiencing an unwanted pregnancy.
Female-specific effects of the catechol-O-methyl transferase Val158Met gene polymorphism on working memory-related brain function

The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism has been associated with working memory (WM) in many studies, but the results have not been consistent. One plausible explanation is sex-specific effects of this polymorphism as reported in several studies. The current study aimed to explore the sex-specific effects of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism on WM-related brain function in an elderly sample. We found that Val homozygotes outperformed Met allele carriers on the backward digit span subtest for both males and females. The triangular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior temporal gyrus exhibited higher activation in Met allele carriers compared with Val homozygotes during the n-back task, while the background functional connectivity (bFC) between the left angular gyrus (ANG) and the right ANG was enhanced in Val homozygotes as compared to Met allele carriers. Finally, the associations between brain activation, bFC (among various regions), and WM performance were identified only in specific genotype groups of the female participants. These findings provide new insights into the role of COMT Val158Met gene polymorphism in brain function, particularly its female-specific nature.
Response of lemongrass and menthol mint to salinity stress in vertisol.

The pot culture and field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati, Karnataka on a saline vertisol during 2004-05 and 2005-06 to study the salinity-yield relationships in lemongrass and menthol mint. Plant height, number of branches/tillers and dry matter yields of lemongrass and menthol mint were highest at 1.73 dS m and decreased significantly with increase in salinity. Irrespective of the crop, nutrients such as Ca, K and S decreased while Na and Mg increased in the plant tissue with increased soil salinity. Both K/Na and Ca/Na ratios also significantly decreased with increase in salinity. The mean transpiration rate and stomatal conductivity were higher in menthol mint. Lemongrass with higher mean tissue K and K/Na ratio and lesser tissue Na was found relatively more salt-tolerant than menthol mint. The ability of lemongrass to maintain higher mean transpiration rate and stomatal conductivity compared to menthol mint across varied salinity levels seems to have helped in maintaining relatively lesser leaf temperature favouring its higher tolerance to salinity stress. The salinity-yield response curves were found linear for both the crops with no break points. However, a relatively higher slope was recorded in menthol mint (b=-1.0399x) compared to lemongrass (b=-0.8754x) indicating its higher susceptibility to salinity stress.
Changes in the faecal bacterial microbiota during hospitalisation of horses with colic and the effect of different causes of colic.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified alterations in the faecal microbiota of horses with colic; however, further work is needed to interpret these findings. OBJECTIVES To compare the faecal microbiota of horses presenting for colic at hospital admission, day 1 and day 3/discharge and with different colic duration and lesion locations. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational clinical study. METHODS Faecal samples were collected from 17 colic cases at hospital admission, on day 1 and on day 3 post admission or at the time of hospital discharge if prior to 72 hours. Faecal samples were extracted for genomic DNA, PCR-amplified, sequenced, and analysed using QIIME. Species richness and Shannon diversity (alpha diversity) were estimated. The extent of the relationship between bacterial communities (beta diversity) was quantified using pairwise UniFrac distances, visualised using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and statistically analysed using PERMANOVA. The relative abundance of bacterial populations at the different time points and in different types of colic was compared using ANCOM. RESULTS There was a decrease in species richness from admission to day 3/hospital discharge (P < 0.05) and a lower species richness (P = 0.005) and Shannon diversity (P = 0.02) in horses with colic ≥60h compared to <60h. Based on PCoA and PERMANOVA, there was a significant difference in bacterial community composition for horses with different colic duration (P = 0.001) and lesion location (P = 0.006). Several differences in bacterial phyla and genera were observed at different time points and with different types of colic. MAIN LIMITATIONS Relatively low numbers and a diverse population of horses. CONCLUSIONS The microbiota changes from hospital admission to day 3/discharge in horses with colic and horses with colic ≥60h and large colon lesions have a distinct bacterial population compared to horses with colic <60h and small intestinal lesions.
Acute testicular torsion: A critical analysis of presentation, management and outcome in southeast Nigeria.

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of presentation, anatomic anomalies, and treatment outcomes in patients presenting with acute testicular torsion in a tertiary health institution in southeast Nigeria. Methods This was a prospective study of all consecutive patients with acute testicular torsion seen from January 2011 to November 2019 at our institution. Their demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Results Thirty-one acute testicular torsion cases were seen during the study period. Mean age was 22.6 (±7.3) years. Two peaks of incidence were observed. These were in the 14-19-year and 20-25-year age groups. The left testis was more commonly affected than the right; 15 cases (48.4%) versus 13 cases (41.9%). Past history of intermittent torsion was seen in 48.4% of cases. Abdominal pain was the commonest associated symptom followed by vomiting; 20 (64.5%) and 11 (35.5%). Seven cases (22.6%) of acute torsion occurred during sleep. Delay in presentation and delay in surgical intervention were observed. Only 22.6% of patients presented within 6 h of onset of symptoms and only 32.3% were operated on within 6 h of presentation. Transverse lie of the testes was the most common intraoperative finding (36%). Testicular salvage rate was 87.1%. Conclusions Acute testicular torsion is a disease of young adults in southeast Nigeria. It is commoner on the left side with transverse lie being the most common predisposing factor. A new peak incidence in the 20-25-year age group is demonstrated. Late presentation is common but did not impact testicular loss in this study.
Associations between exposures to occupation-related events, depression and intimate partner violence among women in the occupied Palestinian Territories

ABSTRACT War and conflict impact on women’s mental health and experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV), including in the occupied Palestinian Territories (oPT). Drawing on a cross-sectional population representative sample (n=534) collected in February 2017 in the oPT, we sought to (i) characterise the patterning of occupation-related events among women (18+) living in the oPT, (ii) to descriptively assess factors associated with this patterning, (iii) to assess the health impacts of occupation-related events by this patterning, specifically experience of IPV and poor mental health, and (iv) to assess the pathways through which occupation-related events are associated with IPV experience. Using Latent Class Analysis we identified three ‘classes’ of exposure to occupation-related events: 1 in 20 experienced multiple forms directed at themselves, their families and homes, 42.3% reported experiences against family members and their homes, and half reported relatively few direct experiences of occupation-related violence. Group membership was associated with increased past year IPV experience, and depressive symptoms. Using structural equation modelling we demonstrate that experiences of occupation-related events increased IPV experience via two mediated pathways; increased gender inequitable attitudes, and increased depressive symptoms and quarrelling with their husband. Preventing IPV requires addressing occupation-related events as well as transforming gender norms.
N‐acetylcysteine reduced the immunotoxicity effects induced in vitro by azoxystrobin and iprodione fungicides in mice

Azoxystrobin (AZO) and Iprodione (IPR) fungicides are extensively used worldwide, and therefore, contaminate all environmental compartments. The toxicity and the mechanisms by which they affected immune cells are complex and remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of AZO and IPR on the in vitro function of mice peritoneal macrophages including lysosomal enzyme activity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and nitric oxide (NO) production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, the proliferation of mice splenocytes stimulated by concanavalin (Con)A and LPS, and the production of the Th1cytokine interferon‐gamma (IFNγ) and the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐10 by ConA‐activated splenocytes. This is the first report indicating that AZO and IPR fungicides dose‐dependently inhibited mice macrophage lysosomal enzyme activity and LPS‐stimulated production of TNFα and NO. Mitogen‐induced proliferation of mice splenocytes was also suppressed by AZO and IPR in a dose‐dependent manner. More pronounced impact was observed on ConA‐induced response. The production of IFNγ by ConA‐stimulated splenocytes was dose‐dependently inhibited; however, the production of IL‐4 and IL‐10 increased in the same conditions. These results suggested that AZO and IPR polarized Th1/Th2 cytokine balance towards Th2 response. Overall, marked immunosuppressive effects were observed for AZO. The immunomodulatory effects caused by AZO and IPR were partially reversed by the pharmacological antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting that both fungicides exerted their actions through, at least in part, oxidative stress‐dependent mechanism. Collectively, our data showed that AZO and IPR fungicides exerted potent immunomodulatory effects in vitro with eventually strong consequences on immune response and immunologically based diseases.
Determination of acid value during edible oil storage using a portable NIR spectroscopy system combined with variable selection algorithms based on MPA-based strategy.

BACKGROUND The acid value is one of the significant indicators for evaluating the quality of edible oil during storage. Herein, this study employs a portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system to determine the acid value during edible oil storage. Four MPA-based variable selection methods, namely, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), variable iterative space shrinkage approach (VISSA), iteratively variable subset optimization (IVSO) and bootstrapping soft shrinkage (BOSS), were introduced to optimize the preprocessed NIR spectra. Then, support vector machine (SVM) models based on characteristic spectra obtained by different selection methods were established to achieve quantitative detection of the acid value during edible oil storage. RESULTS The results obtained revealed that compared to the full-spectrum SVM model, the SVM models established by the characteristic wavelengths optimized by the variable selection methods based on the MPA strategy exhibit a significant improvement in complexity and generalization performance. Furthermore, compared with the CARS, VISSA and IVSO methods, the BOSS method obtained the least number of characteristic wavelength variables, and the SVM model established based on the optimized features of this method exhibited the best prediction performance, with RMSEP = 0.11 mg g-1 , RP 2 =0.92 and RPD=2.82, respectively. CONCLUSION The overall results indicate that the variable selection methods based on the MPA strategy can select more targeted characteristic variables, which has good application prospects in NIR spectra feature optimization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The superstructure of domain‐twinned η'‐Cu6Sn5

The cell of the low-temperature modification of Cu 6 Sn 5 , the η-phase, has been determined by means of electron diffraction of single domains. The basic hexagonal NiAs (B8) type cell is pentupled, reflected in the reciprocal lattice by a fivefold superstructure running along [1121]. The extensive domain-twinning macroscopically gives rise to perfect hexagonal symmetry, which explains the previously proposed hexagonal cell [a=5a NiAs , c=5c NiAs ; Bernal (1928), Nature, 122, 54]. The structure was solved by occupying every fifth trigonal bipyramidal site of the NiAs-type structure and shifting the atoms surrounding these additional Cu atoms to form Edshammar 11 polyhedra with Cu-Sn and Cu-Cu distances in the range 2.60-2.74 A
Indwelling double-pigtail plastic stents for treating disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome-associated peripancreatic fluid collections: long-term safety and efficacy

Abstract Background Long-term transmural double-pigtail stent (DPS) placement is recommended for patients with disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) and peripancreatic fluid collections (peri-PFCs). The long-term safety and efficacy of indwelling DPSs were evaluated. Methods Medical files of patients treated with DPS for DPDS-associated peri-PFC and with a follow-up ≥ 48 months were reviewed. Early ( < 30 days) and late complications of DPS placement were evaluated and the primary endpoint, i. e. , incidence of late complications per 100 patient-years of follow-up, was calculated. Short- and long-term success rates of endoscopic treatment and rate of peri-PFC recurrence were among secondary endpoints. Results From 2002 to 2014 we identified 116 patients, with mean (SD) follow-up of 80.6 (34.4) months. Among early complications (n = 20), 6 occurred peri-interventionally. Late complications (n = 17) were mainly pain due to DPS-induced ulcer or erosion (n = 10) and 14 of these were treated conservatively or by stent removal; 2 gastro-pancreatico-colo-cutaneous fistulas and 1 persisting bleed required surgical intervention. No DPS-related deaths were recorded. The incidence rate (95 %CI) of late complications was 2.18 (1.27–3.49) per 100 patient-years of follow-up. Short- and long-term success rates (with 95 %CI) of endoscopic treatment were 97.4 % (94.5 %–100 %) and 94 % (89.6 %–98.3 %), respectively. The peri-PFC recurrence rate was 28 % (20.1 %–35.9 %), and 92.3 % of these occurred within the first 2 years. Stent migration, chronic pancreatitis, and length of stent (> 6 cm) were independently associated with higher rates of peri-PFC recurrence. Conclusions Long-term transmural drainage with DPS is a safe and effective treatment for DPDS-associated peri-PFCs. However, about one quarter of peri-PFCs will recur.
Bovine seminal plasma osteopontin: Structural modelling, recombinant expression and its relationship with semen quality

Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein that has been linked to fertility in bulls. However, the exact mechanism by which OPN contributes to fertilisation is yet unknown. The biotechnological use of OPN in bovine reproduction is promising but some gaps remain unfilled. The present work aimed: (a) to verify whether the seminal plasma OPN is associated with seminal traits and a standard breeding soundness exam; (b) to predict OPN interactions with integrins, CD44 and glycosaminoglycans through molecular docking; and (c) to develop a protocol for recombinant expression of OPN from vesicular gland cDNA. Ejaculates from top ranked bulls had higher amounts of seminal plasma OPN in comparison with bulls classified as questionable (p < .01). The structural modelling and molecular docking predictions indicated that bovine OPN binds to heparin disaccharide, hyaluronic acid and hyaluronan. In addition, docking studies described the binding complexes of OPN with CD44 and the integrin heterodimers α5β1 and αVβ3. Finally, expression of rOPN‐6His was successfully obtained after 3 hr of induction with 0.5 mM IPTG at 37°C and a denaturing purification protocol resulted in efficiently purified recombinant OPN. The present results contribute to the development of biotechnological uses of OPN as a biomarker in bovine reproduction.