Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen and Phosphorus budget for Nile tilapia hatchery

Tilapia hatcheries if not well managed, it can cause environmental damage. The present study was designed to quantify the impacts generated by Nile tilapia hatcheries, through applying environmental indicators, which is necessary for tilapia hatcheries sustainable development. Three culture trials, each of 15 days, have been carried out to determine environmental indicators: the nitrogen and phosphorus flux and nutrient mass balance based on inputs from feed and losses in fish harvest, nutrients load in the effluent water, and fish bio-solid wastes (sludge). In each, three cement ponds were assigned to determine the nutrients input and loss for 15 days intervals, fry production cycle. The results showed that every 1 Kg feed of 35% protein produce 420 g sludge, of which 262 gm fish excretion. Uneaten feed was found to represent 15.8-20% of the introduced feed and produce 37.6 - 43.2 % of sludge. Fish retained at least 25.8 ± 3.91 % and 2.74 ± 0.37 % of the input feed nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. While the sludge contained 11.3 ± 0.78 % and 32.62 ± 14.46 of the feed nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Effluent water contained 43.64 ± 6.45 % and 50.22 ± 16.63 % of feed nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively, distributed in three main fractions: particulate form; dissolved organic and dissolved inorganic forms. The feed nitrogen recovery in the present study was 80. 57%, while the phosphorus recovery reached 85.58% of the feed phosphorus content. Fry production is discussed in response to the feed protein content and feeding rate.
Evaluating the Impact of Assimilating Aerosol Optical Depth Observations on Dust Forecasts Over North Africa and the East Atlantic Using Different Data Assimilation Methods

This study evaluates the impact of assimilating moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) data using different data assimilation (DA) methods on dust analyses and forecasts over North Africa and tropical North Atlantic. To do so, seven experiments are conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting dust model and the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system. Six of these experiments differ in whether or not AOD observations are assimilated and the DA method used, the latter of which includes the three‐dimensional variational (3D‐Var), ensemble square root filter (EnSRF), and hybrid methods. The seventh experiment, which allows us to assess the impact of assimilating deep blue AOD data, assimilates only dark target AOD data using the hybrid method. The assimilation of MODIS AOD data clearly improves AOD analyses and forecasts up to 48 hr in length. Results also show that assimilating deep blue data has a primarily positive effect on AOD analyses and forecasts over and downstream of the major North African source regions. Without assimilating deep blue data (assimilating dark target only), AOD assimilation only improves AOD forecasts for up to 30 hr. Of the three DA methods examined, the hybrid and EnSRF methods produce better AOD analyses and forecasts than the 3D‐Var method does. Despite the clear benefit of AOD assimilation for AOD analyses and forecasts, the lack of information regarding the vertical distribution of aerosols in AOD data means that AOD assimilation has very little positive effect on analyzed or forecasted vertical profiles of backscatter.
A preliminary checklist of zooplanktons and macroinvertebrates of river Kashimbila, Taraba state, Nigeria

A preliminary study was conducted to determine the composition and abundance of zooplankton and macroinvertebrates of Kashimbila River, Takum LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria. Zooplankton samples were collected monthly from the River from August 2016 to March 2017 using plankton net of 55μm mesh size. The plankton was preserved using 4% formalin and three drops of Lugol’s solution and stored in plastic containers and taken to laboratory for further analysis. Zooplankton identification and counting were done by use of a binocular light microscope. Twenty one (21) species belonging to twelve (12) taxonomic groups were recorded. Macroinvertebrates were the dominant taxon with 38% followed by ciliophora with 14% while Cnidaria, Rotifera, Arthropoda, Nematoda, Amoebozoa, Copepoda, Diptera, Heterichida, Cladocera and Coleoptera with 4.76% each had one species. The findings indicate the unpolluted nature of the Kashimbila River and also provide useful information on the checklists and ecology of the zooplankton’s species which could be potentially used as bio-indicators for assessing and monitoring the River.
Thermodynamic analysis of high energy density conversion type cathode materials for Na‐ and K‐ion batteries

Conversion‐type materials attract increasing attention for rechargeable batteries because of their high energy density compared with intercalation‐type materials. However, the development of conversion materials for sodium and potassium ion batteries is in its beginnings, and a few materials have been studied. In this study, high‐throughput computational screening was performed to discover high energy density conversion cathode materials for sodium and potassium batteries. Conversion reactions of cathode materials were examined using the Materials Project database. The reaction voltage curves as a function of specific capacity were obtained using grand potential phase diagram. The calculation results indicated that fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and oxides are promising conversion cathode materials, exhibiting high reaction potential and capacity. The average reaction potentials of sulfides, selenides, phosphides, and nitrides indicated that they are not appropriate materials for conversion cathodes.
Tracking Control for General Second‐order Multi‐agent Systems with Communication Delay and Variable Topology

This article studies the consensus problem for a class of general second‐order multi‐agent systems (MASs) with communication delay and variable topology. We first consider the case with time delay but un‐variable topology and obtain sufficient conditions for exponential consensus. Then, based on the obtained conditions for the un‐variable topology case, the conditions of the consensus for the case with time delay and variable topology are analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness of the derived consensus conditions is illustrated by numerical examples.
The role of vitamin D in dental implants osseointegration

Dental implants currently constitute a well-established solution for both functional and aesthetic restoration of complete and partial edentulism. Osseontegration, however, is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon bearing concerns as to its strong association to implant, prosthetics and surgical protocols, as well to patients themselves. This literature review aims to research into potential correlations linking the osseointegration process in dental implants to low levels of vitamin D in dental patients. A number of scientific articles were retrieved from PubMed and MEDLINE databases, using the following key words: “vitamin D deficiency”; “osseointegration”; and “vitamin D AND dental implants”. Αll retrieved studies were limited to those involving human and animal experimental models, and only articles written in English. Nine animal studies investigated the osseointegration process in dental implants that may be attributed to the effects of vitamin D; and five studies used human subjects. However, none of the said studies demonstrated statistically significant differences. A number of patients, especially those with severe deficiency, reported beneficial outcomes following vitamin D systemic administration prior the surgery. In such patients, is important to maintain vitamin D levels, as it ensures bone reconstruction around the implant.
Sexual Communication: A Qualitative Study of Parents and Adolescent Girls Discussion about Sex

Poor parent–child communication on sexual issues show deficiency in adolescent’s sexual information seeking behaviour. Through the family communication pattern and attachment theory, the study adopted the qualitative research method with the use of focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview to examine communication between parents and adolescent girls. Twenty-four students were drawn from four secondary schools within Ibadan North LGA as sample for the FGD, while four parents each were selected from the schools for the in-depth interview through a simple random and purposive sampling. Female adolescents (students) are scared of sharing sexual problems with parents; hence, they seek information from informal sources such as Internet, friends and movies which has led them to follow a sexual risk lifestyle. Majority of parents are confronted with challenges when discussing sexual issues with their female children. And most mothers educate their girl child than fathers on sexual issues; hence, majority of female students confide more in their mothers than their fathers. Adolescent girls are at risk of receiving wrong information on sexual issues; thus, parents should promote an atmosphere of open communication with their adolescent girls about sexual-health-related issues to avoid any sexual problems in the future.
Thermal Evolution of Geopolymer in the Process of High-Temperature Treatment

More and more attention had been given to geopolymers (GPs) over the last decades because of an increasing urgency to search for high-performance and/or environment-friendly alternatives to traditional Portland cement. In addition, geopolymer technology could also provide an innovative approach to prepare advanced ceramic products by overcoming problems faced in the conventional preparation technology. With only the need to go through appropriate thermal treatment proce-dure, geopolymers could be directly in situ transformed into advanced ceramics such as leucite or pollucite with adjustable microstructures, mechanical properties, coefficient of thermal expansion, and melting points. In the process of high-temperature treatment, multiple parameters, such as the composition of geopolymer, treatment temperature, thermal insulation, etc., would affect the phase composition and microstructure of the resulting products. In the present chapter, two kinds of mixed-alkali metal ion-activated geopolymer systems, Cs (1- x ) Li x GP (where x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) and Cs (1- x ) Na x GP (where x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4), respectively, were designed and prepared. Phase composition, microstructure evolution, and thermal expansion behaviors of the ceramics derived from the geopolymers were characterized and the effects of ion substitution on the thermal evolution of geopolymer were evaluated.
Anticoagulant activity of ginger ( Zingiber officinale Rosc., Zingiberaceae) rizhome extract

Background : Herbal medicines with anticoagulant therapeutic claims could serve as veritable sources of new oral anticoagulant drugs with possible wider safety margins than the currently available ones Objectives : This work was aimed at evaluating a Ginger Rhizome Methanolic Extract in vivo in rats for its potential anti-coagulant activity. Materials and Methods : Thirty-six albino rats were randomized into 6 equal groups, comprising four extracttreated, one standard reference and one control groups. Each of the four extract-treated groups received one of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg ginger rhizome extract prepared in 2% Tween 20. The standard reference group received 1mg/kg warfarin while the control group received 10 ml/kg 2% Tween 20. These dosing were carried out daily concurrently for 14 consecutive days after which blood samples were collected from the animals and evaluated to obtain mean Prothrombin Time (PT), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and Thrombin Time (TT), comparing each test value with the control and standard reference using one way ANOVA followed by turkey comparisons. Results : The Ginger Rhizome Methanolic Extract significantly prolonged PT, aPTT and TT, compared to the control (p < 0.001). Warfarin did not significantly prolong TT and the extract’s TT prolongation effect was significantly greater than that of warfarin (p < 0.001). Conclusion : This work shows that Ginger Rhizome Methanolic Extract has anticoagulant activity and could therefore be a veritable source of new oral anticoagulants with possible better safety margins. Keywords : Anticoagulants, Ginger rhizome, Thrombosis, Ischaemic diseases
Breeding behaviour and time-activity budgets of Bonelli’s Eagles Aquila fasciata: marked sexual differences in parental activities

ABSTRACT Capsule: Differences in parental investment between sexes and stage of the breeding period were found in Bonelli’s Eagles Aquila fasciata. Aims: To describe the sexual differences in parental behaviour of Bonelli’s Eagles and to assess the sex-specific pattern of variation in parental investment in relation to the breeding period. Methods: Between 2006 and 2016, we monitored the parental behaviour of 11 pairs of Bonelli’s Eagles during the incubation and chick-rearing periods in southeastern Spain. Observations were made using 20–60× telescopes from points overlooking the territory at a distance of about 500–800 m from the nest. Results: Our results reveal a marked division in parental duties in Bonelli’s Eagles. Females invested more effort in incubation, nest attendance, chick feeding and nest-building, while males contributed more to food provisioning. Nest attendance and feeding by females decreased with time, and both parents adjusted their provisioning effort in relation to nestling age. Most changeovers took place during the middle of the day, when male provisioning rates and temperatures reach their maximum. Conclusion: Intersexual differences are discussed in the context of the prey capture difficulty hypothesis, which proposes that intra-pair prey differences, due to large sexual size dimorphism, should be particularly advantageous among raptors that pursue agile prey.
The efficacies of esomeprazole‐ versus pantoprazole‐based reverse hybrid therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication

Reverse hybrid therapy, modified from the hybrid regimen by changing the sequence of drug administration, achieves a high eradication rate for Helicobacter pylori and is superior to standard triple therapy. Currently, the impacts of different proton pump inhibitors on the efficacy of this novel therapy remain unanswered. This study was conducted to compare the efficacies of esomeprazole‐ and pantoprazole‐based reverse hybrid therapies for H. pylori eradication. From August 2015 to May 2016, H. pylori‐infected patients receiving either a 14‐day esomeprazole‐ or a pantoprazole‐based reverse hybrid therapy (esomeprazole or pantoprazole 40 mg and amoxicillin 1 g twice‐daily for 14 days, plus clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg twice‐daily for the initial seven days) for H. pylori eradication were included in the retrospective study. All the patients underwent a follow‐up endoscopy with a rapid urease test and histological examination or a urea breath test at eight weeks after the end of anti‐H. pylori therapy to assess H. pylori status. To determine the independent factors affecting the treatment response, 12 clinical and endoscopic parameters were analyzed by multivariate analysis. In all, 123 H. pylori‐infected outpatients were included for this study. Among them, 62 received the esomeprazole‐based regimen and 61 received the pantoprazole‐based regimen. Intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis demonstrated no differences in eradication rate between esomeprazole‐ and pantoprazole‐based groups (90% vs 97%; P = 0.273). Modified ITT (90% vs 98%) and per‐protocol analysis (92% vs 98%) yielded similar results (P = 0.115 and 0.116, respectively). Both groups had comparable frequencies of adverse events (16% vs 21%; P = 0.779) and drug compliance (98% and 93%; P = 0.207). The eradication rates were significantly related to increased body fat percentage (P = 0.002) and the presence of diabetes (P = 0.033). Multivariate analysis disclosed an increased body fat percentage (odds ratio: 0.072, 95% confidence interval: 0.008‐0.623), which was the only independent predictor of treatment failure. Esomeprazole‐ and pantoprazole‐based reverse hybrid regimens have comparable anti‐H. pylori efficacy and both achieve an eradication rate more than 90%. Increased body fat percentage is a clinical factor predicting eradication failure of reverse hybrid therapy.
QBO, ENSO, and Solar Cycle Effects in Short‐Term Nonmigrating Tidal Variability on Planetary Wave Timescales From SABER—An Information‐Theoretic Approach

Much progress has been made in delineating and understanding the “tidal climate” of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, that is, tidal variability on seasonal or longer timescales. Short‐term tidal variability on timescales of a few days is much less understood, mainly due to observational constraints imposed by satellite local solar time sampling. This paper presents a new approach to study the “tidal weather” in 16 years of SABER temperatures. Our focus is on the eastward‐propagating nonmigrating diurnal tide with zonal wave number 3 (DE3) that originates from tropical convection. The statistics of short‐term tidal variability derived from “tidal deconvolution” are analyzed using an information‐theoretic approach based on Bayesian statistics and time‐dependent probability density functions. The paper particularly discusses the statistical characteristics of interannual changes in short‐term DE3 variability on a quasi‐10‐day wave (Q10DW) timescale and relates it to various forcing and propagation conditions such as Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO), El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and solar cycle. Understanding the response to these drivers requires a separate treatment of symmetric and antisymmetric DE3 tidal modes. Symmetric DE3 mode variability is enhanced during the easterly phase of the QBO due to enhanced Q10DW activity and during the La Niña phase of ENSO due to enhanced convective forcing but does not show a solar cycle dependence because of stable polar vortex conditions in the southern hemisphere. Antisymmetric DE3 mode variability is enhanced in the westerly phase of the QBO during solar maximum due to Q10DW activity related to a more unstable polar vortex in the northern hemisphere.
Kuwaiti Families and Firm Performance in Non-Financial Listed Firms

Family variables positively affect firm performance from a theoretical and empirical perspective. However, this relationship has not been clearly examined in several countries, including Kuwait. This study explored family membersâ€™ role on boards of directors by investigating the relationship between family variables and firm performance using data from 93 non-financial firms listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE) from 2016 to 2018. This study divided family variables into family ownership, family directors, family CEO, and ruling family. The results indicated that the presence of ruling family members on boards provided greater value for Kuwaitâ€™s listed firms; other variables produced mixed results.
Kairomones effect on parasitic activity of Trichogramma japonicum against rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas

The yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas, is a borer pest of low‐land rice in tropical regions of the world, reducing production and productivity. Chemical control of YSB is challenging and often less effective due to its cryptic larval feeding behaviour inside the rice culm. Biological suppression of YSB, using egg parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum, has been well demonstrated. Kairomones, that are interspecific, play a vital role in deciding biocontrol efficiency of egg parasitoid against lepidopteran pests. However, the mechanisms involved in terms of emission of long‐ and short‐chain volatile chemicals from YSB and its by‐products and YSB damaged rice plants in attraction to T. japonicum to locate eggs of YSB are still poorly understood. In order to trace out the volatile compounds responsible for attraction of egg parasitoid, the hexane extract of YSB female whole body and acetone extract of YSB damaged rice culm were subject to GC‐MS analyses. Out of 20 chemicals, four chemicals belonging to carboxyl, alkane and saturated fatty acid [n‐hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), tetradecane, octadecane, n‐octadecanoic acid (stearic acid)] from female YSB hexane extract and three sesquiterpenoids (β pinene, α pinene and caryophyllene) from YSB damaged rice plant extracts were detected in greater concentrations. In laboratory assays with the synthetic form of seven chemicals, three, n‐hexadecanoic acid, n‐octadecanoic acid and octadecane, were promising in enhancing the parasitic activity of T. japonicum on YSB eggs from 26.4% to 92.6% at 200 ppm, 27.3% to 96.5% at 500 ppm and 23.6% to 82.8% at 500 ppm, respectively, in contrast to untreated eggs (87.3% at 7th day after exposure) and hexane washed eggs (16.7% at 7th day after exposure). Evaluation of these compounds revealed the key chemical cues of biocontrol potential (n‐hexadecanoic acid, n‐octadecanoic acid and octadecane) for enhancing egg parasitism activity of T. japonicum on YSB eggs.
Health Care Providers’ Awareness Regarding Quality Management System and Its Relation to Patient Satisfaction

Introduction: quality is emerging as a dominant and complex theme in today's competitive health care environment; it plays an important role in patients' choice of hospital. Quality of care is partly a function of the need for care and includes patients' satisfaction which is a function consistent with scientific knowledge and generally accepted professional standards. Aim: the present study aimed to assessing health care providers’ awareness regarding quality management system and it’s relation to patient satisfaction through assessing the awareness level of health care providers regarding quality management system, assessing the level of patient satisfaction regarding quality of health care provided, and finding out the relationship between health care providers’ awareness and patient satisfaction. Research Design: A descriptive, correlational design was used. Setting:. This study was conducted at 12 Benha Family Health Centers, 120 nurses,120 Physicians, and 300 patient from this twelve centers were included in the study. Tools of data collection: two different tools were used namely questionnaire for health care providers' awareness and patients satisfaction questionnaire. Results: The total healthcare providers’ awareness had increased due to higher scores in constant and quality unit parameters at the studied centers. as well as There was a higher total satisfaction scores for patients due to higher percentages in their ages and medical services provided to them. , also As the increasing of awareness regarding quality management system it had an impact on increasing the quality of health care services resulting in increasing of patients’ satisfaction. As the decreasing of awareness regarding quality management system had an impact on decreasing the quality of health care services resulting in decreasing of patient satisfaction. Conclusion: there was a strong positive correlation between health care providers' awareness and patients’ satisfaction: Recommendation: Improving the quality of health care provided to patients in the studied centers, suggestions and complaints of patients should be Taken into consideration to improve quality services and increase pt satisfaction. Keywords: Quality management system, health care providers, awareness and patients' satisfaction.