Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Home NIV: results and lessons from a European survey

The prevalence of chronic respiratory failure in Europe continues to rise, mostly because of an aging population demographic but also because of an increase in the uptake of smoking in Russia and the former Eastern Bloc countries [1, 2]. This has been accompanied by the expansion [3–5] over the last three decades in the use of home mechanical ventilation (HMV) to treat chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure. HMV is usually delivered as noninvasive ventilation (NIV), with the majority of patients using only nocturnal or nocturnal plus part-daytime NIV, and in many cases has been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity [6, 7] and to improve quality of life [8]. The magnitude of the rise in HMV is impressive, with the numbers of patients receiving home ventilatory support increasing from 130 patients, in one survey, in 1988 to 3,120 patients in 1998 [3]. This expansion has been driven by not only the growing population of individuals with chronic respiratory failure but also the increasing recognition that NIV can be of benefit in many different causes of ventilatory failure [9]. Technological advances have meant that ventilators are easier to use and that the interfaces are more comfortable. Additionally, HMV offers the individual the advantage of retaining an independent lifestyle and it offers the state a health–economic benefit as it is less costly when compared with invasive mechanical ventilation [10]. As well as the patient, there are industrial manufacturers and distributors of the machines, who will also benefit from the increasingly widespread use of HMV. It is, of course, important that the growth of HMV in Europe is on a properly planned basis and not simply driven by market considerations. However, it will be seen from the present chapter that the use of HMV in Europe is not presently standardised, regulated or consistent. The present chapter will describe and explore the wide variation in practises that occur within and between the countries of Europe with regards to HMV. Firstly, it will look at predominantly national surveys which took place in the 1990s before progressing to the most recent pan-European survey which took place in 2001–2002.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN DESAIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN ( STUDI KASUS DI DEPARTEMEN GIGI DAN MULUT RSUP DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG )

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competence and job design partially or simultaneously and which variables are more dominant effect on the performance of employees of the Dentistry Department of RSUP Dr . Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. This study used a survey method with descriptive approach. Subjects in this study were all employees of the Dentistry Department of RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang as many as 36 people. The results showed that the competence (X 1 ) and job desig n (X 2 ) partially (t-test) have a positive influence on employee performance (Y) Dentistry Department of RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang . This is indicated by the value of eac h t hitung > t table and probability value < level of significance. Simultaneous test results ( F test ) showed that the competence and job design simultaneously positive effect on the performance of employees of the Dentistry Department of RSU P Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang with R value of 0.924, which means very strong. The independent variable which gives a more dominant effect on performance, namely competence (X 1 ). This shows that the better their competence will better the performance of the resulting employee Dentistry Department of RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.
Some Physico-chemical Properties of Mahonia acquifolium Fruits

Mahonia aquifolium fruits were investigated for some technological and chemical properties such as: dimensions, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, bulk density, fruit density, volume, terminal velocity, rupture strength, porosity, moisture, reducing sugar, total anthocyanin and phenolics, crude protein, crude oil, crude energy, crude fiber, ash, pH, acidity, alcohol soluble extract and color. Mineral content of Mahonia aquifolium fruits growing in Turkey were established by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). Mahonia aquifolium fruit contained high amounts of K, P, Ca, Na and Mg. The average pulp mass ratio, thickness, width, length, mass, volume, geometric mean diameter, sphericity and projected area were measured to be 88.21 %, 7.05 mm, 7.85 mm, 9.10 mm, 0.28 g, 233 mm, 7.92 mm, 0.88 and 68.40 mm, respectively. The energy, reducing sugar, protein, cellulose, oil, ash, acidity, total phenolics, total anthocyanin and soluble solid matter values of Mahonia aquifolium fruits were determined to be 47.85 kcal/100g, 47.6 g/kg, 30.8 g/kg, 17.8 g/kg, 21.7 g/kg, 11.0 g/kg, 33.7 g/kg, 4574.6 mg/kg, 655.64 mg/kg and 176.0 g/kg, respectively. It is very important to evaluate the technological properties of equipment used harvesting, transportation, storage and processing of fresh fruits. In additon, the information supplied on the chemical properties of the Mahonia aquifolium fruits serves as food in human nutrition.
Prognostic significance of Blood Urea Nitrogen in comparison to Creatinine levels in mortality assessment of patients at admission with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Shivamogga district, Karnataka

Introduction and Objectives: Several studies have hypothesized the relation of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and serum Creatinine level with the severity of coronary artery disease. The basis of this study is to show the prognostic significance of BUN and serum Creatinine levels at admission for assessing the risk of mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This study also undertakes the comparative prognostic significance of BUN over serum creatinine as an indicator of risk of mortality in patients with ACS. Materials and Methods & Results: This was a prospective study of all patients admitted with suspected (n=1019) and retrospectively confirmed (n=65) Myocardial Infarction (MI) or Unstable Angina. The Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis established that the area under the curve for BUN was higher than that of Creatinine 0.71 (95% CL 0.65 to 0.78) and 0.63 (95% CL 0.59 to 0.66), respectively (p=0.005). The threshold level was 8.6mmol/L for BUN and 110μmol/L for Creatinine. Sensitivity was 61% and 56% for threshold levels of BUN and Creatinine, and specificity was 84% and 78%, respectively. It is seen only an increase of BUN and a combination of increased BUN and Creatinine levels, as risk factors of mortality with ACS. Isolated increase in creatinine levels was not found to be significant. Separate inclusion of BUN and Creatinine as continuous variables in the regression model showed that both were associated with the risk of mortality. Odds Ratio (OR) 1.18 (95% CL 1.12 to 1.25) and 1.08 (95% CL 1.011 to 1.019) per unit increase (R =12.5 and 8.1% respectively). When both were simultaneously included, only the increased BUN level was persistent with the prognosis of ACS: OR after multivariate adjustment 1.14 (95% CL 1.04 to 1.18). Conclusion: An increased level of BUN is a more significant prognostic marker of mortality assessment at admission in ACS than that of serum Creatinine.
Association between Clinical Malaria and Blood Lipids in North Eastern India

Background: Changes in lipid profile are seen in many patients infected with malaria parasite. The malaria parasite causes hepatocellular damage and disturbs lipid handling by the liver. Inside Original Research Article Warjri et al.; BJMMR, 16(1): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BJMMR. 23751 2 hepatocytes and erythrocytes the parasite replicates rapidly scavenging cholesterol and lipids required for its growth and metabolism from the host. It also requires host lipids for detoxification of free heme to form the malarial pigment, haemozoin. The important question is whether these changes are characteristic for malaria infection or are they simply part of an acute phase reaction? This study analyzes the correlation between malaria infection and derangements in lipid profiles. Materials and Methods: This study comprised of 29 confirmed malaria cases, and 29 subjects in apparent good health, without the infection were included as control cases. Malaria cases were confirmed using rapid antibody-based diagnostic card tests that detect histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) or lactate dehydrogenase antigens in finger-prick blood samples followed by microscopic confirmation of malaria parasite. A 12 -hour fasting lipid profile was estimated by enzymatic method on day 2. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using Student’s t Test, assuming p<0.05 as significant. All issues related to ethics were taken care of during the whole course of study. Results: As compared with control subjects, patients with malaria showed low HDL (16.48±6.490 mg/dL versus 41.38±15.110 mg/dL), low LDL (70.45±22.720 mg/dL versus 104.46±27.353 mg/dL), low cholesterol (103.52±35.331 mg/dL versus 169.45±34.040 mg/dL) and elevated triglycerides (214.24±109.365 mg/dL versus 131.15±30.813 mg/dL). The observations show a statistically significant difference in HDL, LDL, cholesterol and triglycerides between malaria patients and control subjects (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results show a characteristic pattern of derangements of lipid profile in malaria. Further studies are required to understand the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications of these derangements.
ESTIMATING ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS THRESHOLD FOR NIGERIA: A GUIDE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

This study empirically evaluates whether Green House Gases (GHGs) significantly increase with the rising population and urban growth in Nigeria. In addition, the study examine whether the energy demand also influences Nigerian contribution of global pollution emissions. The results of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration test indicated long-run and stable relationships among the variables. For affluence, we find evidence that, in the long run, domestic per capita income significantly increases carbon dioxide emissions and then falls after a certain extreme point, providing evidence of an inverted EKC hypothesis in Nigeria. The EKC finding was further supported by appropriate inverted U test. The results also demonstrated that both urbanisation and population change do not have a long term effect on emissions; although urbanisation seems to significantly raise emissions in the short-run. Energy demand has been found to have a significantly positive elasticity effect on carbon dioxide emissions both in the long- and short-run. The short-run Granger causality results indicate that, all variables make a short-run adjustment to correct any deviation from the long-run equilibrium. In addition, analysis of the error correction models reveals that all of the variables contribute to their stable long-run relationship.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR TRAINING NEEDS

Entrepreneurship is the core of economic development. It is a multidimensional task and essentially a creative activity. Entrepreneur is key factor of entrepreneurship. Women entrepreneurship is a recent phenomenon and in the process have to face various problems. Entrepreneurial talents and capabilities are latent in all communities but their translation to innovative action depends on appropriate stimuli and environment and these stimuli can be generated trough training. Training women for entrepreneurial and managerial capabilities should be conceived as one of the most important factors for accelerating growth. Efforts are being made along these lines, however they are limited only to bring changes quantitatively but not qualitatively. Hence appropriate training and interventions are needed to bring qualitative changes in the situation. Therefore, this study was conducted on hundred women entrepreneurs selected through random and snowball sampling technique from four zones of Faridabad, India. Nursing homes, boutiques, beauty parlours and general stores were the enterprises selected for study. The objectives of the endeavour were to ascertain the financial and constraints faced by women in their enterprises; assessment of their health status, work place facilities and to develop guidelines for becoming a successful entrepreneur. An attempt was made in this study to examine the quality of management by women in socio-cultural milieu and to project the management training needs of women entrepreneurs. Keeping in view the findings of the study and perceptions of women entrepreneurs confidence building, competence, connections and capital are projected as essential management training needs. Poor location of unit, tough competition from larger and established units, lack of transport facility, lack of rest and sleep, competitions from male counterparts and nonavailability of raw material were the significant problems faced by entrepreneurs. The factors causable to these problems were; difficulty in affording own vehicle, not being popular, heavy schedule of work, non-supportive family and long working hours. Common entrepreneurial problems can be dealt by formulating self help mutually aided groups. Support mechanism such as institutional credit need to be strengthened to keep entrepreneurs aware about loaning schemes/credit facilities for further expansion.
Biological control of tomato damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani

In vitro evaluation was conducted with twenty four isolates representing two different species Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride and twelve different Baccillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescence. These potential biocontrol agents were tested for their efficacy against phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani through dual culture technique. Therefore, these effective biocontrol agents can be used for greenhouse studies to confirm the feasibility of using in tomato damping off disease management. The lowest incidence (38.33 per cent) of pre emergence damping off was recorded in T6 (seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescence-2 + soil application with Trichoderma harzianum -1). Among the bio-control treatments the lowest (43.75 and 48.33) post emergence damping off incidence was recorded in T6 (seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescence-3 + soil application with Trichoderma harzianum -1) at 30 and 50 DAS. The combination Trichoderma harzianum -1and Pseudomonas fluorescence-2 bacterial biocontrol agents (T5 and T6) treatment also proved effective in increasing the shoot and root weight and fresh and dry weight of tomato plants when inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani.
Effect of Balance Training Using Different Compliant Surfaces on Performance of One Leg Stance Test and Star Excursion Balance Test

In this study, the aim was to determine the effect of balance training using two different compliant surfaces (Sanddune® vs. AirEx® balance pad) on performance of One Leg Stance Test (OLST) (eyes open and eyes closed) and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in healthy young adults. A repeated-measures design was used. Forty subjects participated in this study. Twenty participants were in each group (Sanddune® group and AirEx® group). Subjects performed the OLST to determine static balance and the SEBT to determine dynamic balance. One group of participants performed balance exercises on the AirEx® balance pad over a 6-week period of time twice per week, and the second group of participants performed balance exercises on the Sanddune® over a 6-week period of time twice per week. ANOVA (repeated measures and two ways) was used to analyse the data. The results showed that, The differences between the pre-test and post-test scores and the eyes-open and eyes-closed scores of the OLST were statistically significant, but there was no statistically significant interaction between variables. Statistically significant differences were also found between the pre-test and post-test scores with the right-leg and left-leg tests on the SEBT, and statistically significant interactions were also found between the pre-test and post-test and the three normal reaches. The results suggested that both devices significantly changed balance results on the OLST and the SEBT. These results will enable physical therapists to better advice and incorporate balance exercise protocols using compliant surfaces for their patients/clients to enhance balance.
Lecturers’ Competences and Students’ Academic Performance

The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of lecturers’ competences on Students’ academic performance among higher education and training students. A sample of 115students was selected and used for the study using simple random sampling procedure. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data on students’ level of agreement on the extent to which distinct variables measuring lecturers’ determine their academic performance. The data collected using the survey instrument was processed and analysed using SPSS statistical package. The scale reliability Cronbach’s alpha of 0.822 and the sampling adequacy Keiser-MeyerOlkin of 0.769; with a total declared variance of 66.519 percent were obtained from the analysis. Four hypotheses were tested using Stepwise regression approach. Results indicate that subject knowledge, teaching skills, lecturer attendance and lecturer attitude have significant positive influence on students’ academic performance.
An Improved Numerical Approach for Photovoltaic Module Parameters Acquisition Based on Single-Diode Model

This paper presents an easy and an improved numerical approach of modeling photovoltaic (PV) modules. An accurate current-voltage (I-V) model of PV modules is inherently implicit and non-linear and calls for iterative computations to obtain an analytical expression of current as a function of voltage. In this paper, a numerical approach is proposed to forecast the PV module performance for engineering applications. The proposed approach was implemented in a Matlab script and the results have been compared with the datasheet values provided by manufacturers and other approaches in standard test conditions (STC). This approach permits to extract five unknown parameters and also allows quantifying the effects of panel temperature and irradiance on key cells parameters. The model is validated by covering a wade of operation conditions using only information provided by the manufacturer’s datasheet. The various equations of the model are presented in details in this paper. Unlike other cell modeling techniques, this proposed approach enables computation of model parameters at any environmental conditions. The advantage of this model is its ability to compute simultaneously all the model parameters. A modification is also reported in the Newton-Raphson’s solving to attain the best convergence.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Employees in the Hotel Sector Hatem

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has gained much attention in recent years. It provides companies with a signifi cant approach for achieving performance excellence and considered a source for enhancing competitive advantage. This paper comes to investigate CSR within the context of fi ve-star hotels in Hurgada, Egypt and assess its impact on employees’ job engagement, retention, attraction, and organizational commitment. Data was collected using multiple research methods, including: questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews, and content analysis. This research found that the majority of hotels did not consider their CSR to society but tackled their CSR to environment undertaking various measures to conserve resources. Hotels provided little support to most internal CSR practices identifi ed in this study. The study showed that internal CSR could be used as an important driver for enhancing employee job engagement and organizational commitment. However, CSR still not considered a signifi cant tool to attract and retain high potential candidates. This research concluded that hotels should show more commitment to serve the community and formulate their core business strategies accordingly. The governmental and environmental organizations’ intervention is essential to provide more awareness to hotel businesses regarding tackling their CSR.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Indochina: A holistic approach

This paper investigates the role of economic, instructional and political factors in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam CLV) economies. Using panel unitroot test and Random effects on panel data for 16 years from 1996 to 2012 to examine significant determinants of FDI in Indochina, the paper takes into account economic factors (inflation rate, trade openness, market size), institutional factors (corruption and rule of law), and political factors (political stability, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, voice and accountability) to explores the role of these determinants. The results show that market size, government effectiveness, rule of law and political stability are statistically significant and have positive influence on inward FDI.
A cross sectional descriptive study on hydatidiform mole at Gambian tertiary hospital

Hydatidiform mole (H. mole) belongs to a spectrum of disease known as gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), resulting from overproduction of the chorionic tissue, which is normally supposed to develop into the placenta. Hydatidiform mole (molar pregnancy) is the non-malignant form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.1,2 It is of clinical and epidemiological interest because of its significant complication in pregnancy. Hydatidiform moles are non-viable, genetically abnormal conceptions, showing excessive expression of paternal genes. In this condition, the placental tissues develop into an abnormal mass. Often, there is no fetal parts at all. However, partial moles may show presence of fetal tissue. This disease can occur even during or after intrauterine or ectopic pregnancy.
Cultural and Bio-Chemical Characterization of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri: Causing Citrus Canker

Bacterial canker of Kagzi lime is one of the major causes of yield losses in citrus growing areas of world (Graham et al., 1990). Reported that different pathovars and variants of the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis (Xac) were the cause of citrus canker disease, all cultivars of citrus are susceptible to canker, but grapefruit, Mexican lime and lemon are highly susceptible, whereas sour orange and sweet orange are moderately susceptible. Mandarins are moderately resistant (Gottwald et al., 1993).
The effect of p-nitrophenylglycerol on swarming and the production of some virulence factors in...

: Proteus vulgaris is an opportunistic pathogen, commonly responsible for urinary and septic infections; often nosocomial. Proteus vulagris has a number of putative virulence factors, including the secreted hemolytic, which has been suggested to contribute to host cell invasion and cytotoxicity, an inducible urease which, by generating ammonia, causes precipitation of bladder and kidney stones, fimbriae which promote bacterial adherence to the uroepithelium, a secreted protease able to digest immunoglobulins. In this study we have verified the ability of p-nitrophenylglycerol (anti-swarming agent of Proteus mirabilis ) to inhibit Proteus vulgaris swarming and the expression of some virulence factor (haemolysin and urease). Swarming inhibition was determined on Luria Bertani agar with PNPG and then bacteria was harvested to assay cell length and the production of haemolysin and urease. P-nitrophenylglycerol significantly inhibited swarming and virulence factor expression but its effect on growth rate was not significant. [Mohammed Ghaidaa, Wang Yanchang, and Hindi Abdallah. The effect of p-nitrophenylglycerol on swarming and the production of some virulence factors in Proteus vulgaris. N Y Sci J 2013;6(9):8-14]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).