Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of using a wound‐specific oral nutritional supplement to support wound healing in a rehabilitation setting

Chronic wounds adversely affect patient quality of life, increase the risk of mortality, and impose high costs on healthcare systems. Since protein‐energy malnutrition or specific nutrient deficiencies can delay wound healing, nutritionally focused care is a key strategy to help prevent or treat the occurrence of non‐healing wounds. The objective of our study of inpatients in a rehabilitation hospital was to quantify the effect of daily wound‐specific oral nutritional supplementation (WS‐ONS) on healing chronic wounds. Using electronic medical records, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with chronic wounds. We identified records for (a) a treatment group who received standard wound care + usual hospital diet + daily WS‐ONS for ≥14 days, and (b) a control group who received standard wound care + a usual hospital diet. We collected data for demographics, nutritional status, and wound‐relevant health characteristics. We examined weekly measurements of wound number and sizes (surface area for superficial wounds or volume for non‐superficial wounds). There were 341 patients identified, 114 with 322 wounds in the treatment group and 227 patients with 420 wounds in the control group. We found that rehabilitation inpatients who were given nutritional support had larger wounds and lower functional independence on admission. At discharge, wound area reduction (percent) was nearly two‐fold better in patients who were given daily WS‐ONS + usual hospital diet compared to those who consumed usual diet only (61.1% vs 34.5%). Overall, weekly wound improvement (lowered wound area or wound volume) was more likely in the WS‐ONS group than in the Control group, particularly from the start of care to week 2. Inpatients with largest wounds and lowest functional independence on admission were most likely to be given WS‐ONS, an indication that caregivers recognised the need for supplementation. Week‐to‐week improvement in wound size was more likely in patients who received WS‐ONS than in those who did not. Specifically, wound areas and wound volumes were significantly lower at discharge among patients who were given specialised nutritional support. More research in this field is needed to improve care and reduce healthcare costs.
A Psychometric Analysis of the Health Literate Health Care Organization-10 Item Questionnaire

The concept of a Health Literate Healthcare Organization (HLHO) is a relatively new approach to health literacy that moves the focus from the individual patient to the overarching health care system. The HLHO-10 questionnaire was developed internationally to assess the 10 Attributes of HLHOs as described by participants of the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Health Literacy. The purpose of this study was to establish reliability and validity of the HLHO-10 among a sample of United States hospitals. Reliability and validity were established through assessing the factor structure for the HLHO-10 and psychometric evaluation. The HLHO-10 was found to be reliable with a Cronbach's alpha of . 855 and a two-factor structure was revealed through exploratory factor analysis. Additional research is needed to further validate use of the HLHO-10 in the U.S., but initial findings of this emerging tool are promising and timely as the issue of health literacy comes to the forefront of U.S. health care systems and associated regulatory agencies. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2022;6(2):e137–e141. ]
Four types of change and self‐other agreement on change in personality traits during college years: A multi‐informant longitudinal study

Abstract Research in personality trait change has largely relied on mean‐level and rank‐order change across the lifespan. The current research expanded the literature in several ways: analyzing four types of change and correlated change patterns, obtaining multi‐informant reports, including lower‐order personality traits, and collecting multiple assessments during a short yet important time for college‐attending emerging adults (baseline N = 259, M age = 18.79). There was little evidence for mean‐level change, yet participants showed significant individual differences such that rank‐ordering and ipsative profiles were much more dynamic than mean score patterns. Informant‐reports from close others demonstrated largely similar patterns: little to no mean‐level change, significant increase in rank‐ordering, and about half of participants reporting configural change mostly in elevation and scatter rather than in profile shapes. Interestingly, there was no correlated change between self and other‐reports. This indicated that close others do not share individuals' perception of their own personality trait change, at least not in the demographic group studied. By examining individual‐level, sample‐level, and multi‐informant perspectives, our thorough investigation provided useful benchmarks for future research to examine the source of variability in change trajectories.
Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles as potent antibacterial effective against multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most worrisome infectious bacteria due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance against several antibiotics and the recalcitrance of its infections; hence, the development of novel antimicrobials effective against multidrug‐resistant P. aeruginosa is mandatory. In this work, silver nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis using a leaf extract and fungi were tested against a battery of clinical strains from cystic fibrosis, pneumonia and burnt patients, some of them with multidrug resistance. Both nanoparticles showed a potent antibacterial effect, causing severe damage to the cell wall, membrane and DNA, and inducing the production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the nanoparticles derived from fungi showed synergistic antibacterial effects with the antibiotics meropenem and levofloxacin for some clinical strains and both kinds of nanoparticles were nontoxic for larvae of the moth Galleria mellonella, encouraging further research for their implementation in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
NSS_A_193115 27..34

Simon S Smith Shannon L Edmed Sally L Staton Cassandra L Pattinson Karen J Thorpe 1Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 2Brain Tissue and Injury Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA Purpose: Major changes in the timing, duration, and function of sleep occur during childhood. These changes include the transition from habitual napping to infrequent napping. This transition is likely to reflect, at least in part, neurocognitive development. This study sought to identify factors that discriminate between four groups of children with different teacher-reported responses to naptime in childcare: those who nap (nappers), sometimes nap (transitioners), do not nap (resters), and neither nap, nor lie still (problem nappers). Methods: Standardized observations of sleep and sleep behaviors, daytime behaviors across a number of domains, and direct neurocognitive assessment of 158 preschool aged children (aged 49–72 months; 54% male) attending childcare centers in Queensland (QLD), Australia, were adopted as part of a large longitudinal study of early childhood, the Effective Early Education Experiences (E4Kids) study. Discriminant function analysis was used to examine how age, parent education, nighttime sleep duration, cognitive functioning, behavior problems, and temperament differentiated the four groups. Results: Three discriminant functions were identified and defined as maturation (strong loadings of nighttime sleep duration, cognitive function, and age), socioeconomic status (parental education), and behavioral problems (externalizing behavior, temperament, and internalizing behavior). These functions accounted for 62.9%, 32.6%, and 4.5% of the between-groups variance, respectively. Children defined as nappers (n=44) had significantly shorter duration of nighttime sleep, were younger, and had lower cognitive functioning scores than did other groups. Problem nappers, (n=25) were more likely to have parents with lower levels of education than did transitioners (n=41). Standard behavior and temperament measures did not significantly differentiate the groups. Conclusion: The findings support an interaction between cognitive development, sleep behaviors, and the individual needs and circumstances of children. Further research in this area could make a strong contribution to theory and practice in early childhood education, and a strong contribution to understanding of children’s development.
Betahistine Attenuates Seizures, Neurodegeneration, Apoptosis, and Gliosis in the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in a Mouse Model of Epilepsy: A Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study

Abstract Abstract Epilepsy is a prevalent and chronic neurological disorder marked by recurring, uncontrollable seizures of the brain. Chronic or repeated seizures produce memory problems and induce damage to different brain regions. Histamine has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. Betahistine is a histamine analogue. The current research investigated the effects of convulsions on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of adult male albino mice and assessed the possible protective effect of betahistine. Four groups of 40 adult male mice were organized: control, betahistine (10 mg/kg/day), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (40 mg/kg/ on alternate days), and Betahistine-PTZ group received betahistine 1 h before PTZ. PTZ induced a substantial rise in glutamate level and a considerable decrease in histamine level. Structural changes in the cerebral cortex and cornu ammonis (CA1) of the hippocampus were detected in the pattern of neuron degeneration. Some neurons were shrunken with dark nuclei, and others had faintly stained ones. Focal accumulation of neuroglial cells and ballooned nerve cells of the cerebral cortex were also detected. Cleaved caspase-3, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 showed substantial increases, while synaptophysin expression was significantly reduced. Interestingly, these changes were less prominent in mice pretreated with betahistine. In conclusion, betahistine had shown neuroprotective properties against brain damage induced by convulsions.
The dsRBP Staufen2 governs RNP assembly of neuronal Argonaute proteins

Abstract Mature microRNAs are bound by a member of the Argonaute (Ago1-4) protein family, forming the core of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Association of RISC with target mRNAs results in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) assembly involved in translational silencing or RNA degradation. Yet, the dynamics of RNP assembly and its underlying functional implications are unknown. Here, we have characterized the role of the RNA-binding protein Staufen2, a candidate Ago interactor, in RNP assembly. Staufen2 depletion resulted in the upregulation of Ago1/2 and the RISC effector proteins Ddx6 and Dcp1a. This upregulation was accompanied by the displacement of Ago1/2 from processing bodies, large RNPs implicated in RNA storage, and subsequent association of Ago2 with polysomes. In parallel, Staufen2 deficiency decreased global translation and increased dendritic branching. As the observed phenotypes can be rescued by Ago1/2 knockdown, we propose a working model in which both Staufen2 and Ago proteins depend on each other and contribute to neuronal homeostasis.
Intergenerational Proximity to Aging Parents and Depression Among Married Persons in China

Using data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N = 3864), we examined the relationship between proximity to aging parents and depression among middle-aged (45–64 years) married individuals in China. Our study depicted and explained the declining coresident rate and showed a majority of adult children live separately from their parents. Children living in different households had higher levels of depression than coresident children, including those living adjacently. Furthermore, having a coresident spouse increased the levels of depression of sons living in an adjacent dwelling and in the same city, and reduced the levels of depression of daughters living farther away. More intergenerational economic support increased the levels of depression of daughters living in an adjacent dwelling. These findings may offer a reference for married adult children to reconstruct intergenerational proximity and adjust intergenerational relations.
Adaptive Event-Triggered Sliding-Mode Control for Consensus Tracking of Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Unknown Perturbations

The adaptive tracking control problem of leader-following nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) subject to unknown perturbations and limited network bandwidth is investigated by the robust adaptive event-triggered sliding-mode control method. A distributed integral sliding mode is established to realize the finite-time reachability of the states of the leader-following nonlinear MAS. An adaptive triggering control mechanism is then put forward to dynamically adjust the triggering interval, thus reducing the actuator wear and unnecessary network resource consumption. The positions and velocities of the leader-following nonlinear MAS subject to unknown external disturbances are, respectively, driven to the equilibrium point by constructing a distributed event-based robust adaptive sliding-mode protocol. Via the Lyapunov stability theory and Barbalat lemma, sufficient conditions to ensure the adaptive tracking performance are derived for leader-following nonlinear MASs. Three simulation examples to verify the efficacy of the proposed event-based robust adaptive sliding-mode controller design are presented.
The AREDOC project and its implications for the definition and measurement of the bipolar disorders: A summary report

Objectives: Judging that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria for defining mania/hypomania (and thus bipolar I/II disorders, respectively) would benefit from review, we formed an expert taskforce to derive modified criteria for consideration. The aim of this paper is to summarise the component stages and detail the final recommended criteria. Methods: We first sought taskforce members’ views on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria and how they might be modified. Next, members recruited patients with a bipolar I or II disorder, and who were asked to judge new definitional options and complete a symptom checklist to determine the most differentiating items. The latter task was also completed by a small comparison group of unipolar depressed patients to determine the mood state items that best differentiate unipolar from bipolar subjects. Subsequent reports overviewed analyses arguing for bipolar I and II as being categorically distinct and generated empirically derived diagnostic criteria. Results: Alternatives to all the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria were generated. Modifications included recognising that impairment is not a necessary criterion, removing hospitalisation as automatically assigning bipolar I status, adding an irritable/angry symptom construct to the symptom list, deleting a mandatory duration period for manic/hypomanic episodes, and requiring a greater number of affirmed symptoms for a bipolar diagnosis to manage the risk of overdiagnosis. Granular symptom criteria were identified by analyses and constructed to assist clinician assessment. A potential bipolar screening measure was developed with analyses showing that it could clearly distinguish bipolar versus unipolar status, whether symptom items were assigned as having equal status or weighted by their quantified diagnostic contribution. Conclusion: While requiring further validation, we suggest that the revised criteria overcome several current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) limitations to defining and differentiating the two bipolar sub-types, while still respecting and preserving the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders template. It will be necessary to determine whether the bipolar screening measure has superiority to currently accepted measures.
Inequality in Pulmonary Rehabilitation – The challenges magnified by the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has served to expose and amplify existing inequalities in chronic respiratory disease and the social determinants of health. In this article, we summarise evidence of existing disparities associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary rehabilitation; highlighting limitations of existing data. To reduce health inequalities in pulmonary rehabilitation, there is a need to identify and target factors influencing fair access and personal agency to engage. With consideration of the influence of culture on beliefs, expectations and health behaviours, we propose a renewed approach toward progressively achieving health equity in pulmonary rehabilitation based on principles of cultural safety and adaptation. This is a key priority in improving the quality of life of people living with chronic respiratory disease. Building comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation service delivery models based on an understanding of the holistic needs of the local population should be a priority for service providers and researchers.
Effect of physical exercise on muscle strength in adults following bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of different muscle strength assessment tests

Individuals following bariatric surgery are considered at high risk for the development of sarcopenic obesity (excess fat mass, low muscle mass and low physical function), and exercise may play an important role in its prevention and treatment. We systematically reviewed 5 scientific databases (Embase, Medline, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and 2 grey literature databases (ProQuest and Google Scholar) for clinical trials that evaluated the effect of exercise on muscle strength in adults following bariatric surgery and conducted a separate meta-analysis for studies that used different muscle strength tests. Random-effect models, restricted maximum likelihood method and Hedges’ g were used. The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42020152142). Fifteen studies were included (638 patients), none had a low risk of bias, and all were included in at least 1 of the 5 meta-analyses (repetition maximum [lower and upper limbs], sit-to-stand, dynamometer, and handgrip tests). Exercise interventions improved both upper (effect size, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.41–1.01; I2 = 0%) and lower (effect size, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.84–1.91; I2 = 46.14) limb muscle strength, as measured by repetition maximum tests. Results were similar for the sit-to-stand (effect size, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.20–1.01; I2 = 68.89%) and dynamometer (effect size, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.06–0.87; I2 = 31.03%), but not for the handgrip test (effect size, 0.11; 95% CI, -0.42–0.63; I2 = 73.27%). However, the certainty level of the meta-analyses was very low. Exercise with a resistance training component performed post bariatric surgery may improve muscle strength, which is related to sarcopenic obesity, functional capacity, and mortality risk, therefore should be included in the follow-up.
The impact of economic policy uncertainty on corporate social responsibility: A new evidence from food industry in China

The ability of the food industry to practice a high degree of corporate social responsibility is related to whether national food safety can be effectively guaranteed. By taking the food enterprises in China’s A-share listed companies from 2009–2018, this paper probes into the influence of China’s macroeconomic policy uncertainty on corporate social responsibility, and depicts the differencent impact of enterprise’s practice of social responsibility under government association and market association, respectively. The results firstly show that, the uncertainty of economic policy has a negative effect on the social responsibility of food enterprises, with a regression coefficient of -0.013. Secondly, nonstate-owned enterprises are more vulnerable to macroeconomic fluctuations in the practice of social responsibility. Thirdly, in the case of greater economic policy uncertainty, enterprises with stronger market connections in the food industry tend to be more conservative in their CSR. The above research results not only verify the path of transmission of economic policy uncertainty to corporate social responsibility, but also provide important ideas and references for improving the level of corporate social responsibility in the food industry and ensuring food safety.
Control of cotton boll rot through selected chemicals

An experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the kharif season of 2013-2014 to study the effect of some selected chemicals to control cotton boll rot disease. The experiment was carried out under in-vitro and in field conditions. The field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Cotton variety CB 9 was used in the experiment. Three of fungi viz: Fusarium spp. , Alternaria spp. , Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were isolated from seeds of cotton and diseased bolls of cotton. Sclerotium rolfsii was also isolated from infected bolls of cotton. Three chemicals namely Mancozeb, Cupravit 50 WP and Streptomycin sulphate were used against the fungi. In in-vitro test combined effect of Mancozeb and Cupravit 50 WP (0.4%) showed the best result which inhibited the radial mycelial growth of all fungal species followed by Cupravit while Streptomycin sulphate showed no effect on mycelial growth. In field condition, seed treatment with Mancozeb + Cupravit 50 WP (0.4%) along with three foliar sprays proved to be most effective to control boll rot of cotton followed by seed treatment with Cupravit 50 WP (0.4%) along with foliar spray for three times. Seed health study of harvested cotton seeds revealed that seed treatment followed by foliar spray with Mancozeb + Cupravit reduced the incidence of seed borne fungi partially compared to control. In all the cases Streptomycin sulphate (0.1%) showed no significant effect.