Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ALMA Detections of CO Emission in the Most Luminous, Heavily Dust-obscured Quasars at z > 3

We report the results of a pilot study of CO(4 − 3) emission line of three Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)-selected hyper-luminous, dust-obscured quasars (QSOs) with sensitive ALMA Band 3 observations. These obscured QSOs with Lbol > 1014 L⊙ are among the most luminous objects in the universe. All three QSO hosts are clearly detected both in continuum and in CO(4 − 3) emission line. Based on CO(4 − 3) emission line detection, we derive the molecular gas masses (∼1010−11 M⊙), suggesting that these QSOs are gas-rich systems. We find that the obscured QSOs in our sample follow the similar relation as unobscured QSOs at high redshifts. We also find the complex velocity structures of CO(4 − 3) emission line, which provide the possible evidence for a gas-rich merger in W0149+2350 and possible molecular outflow in W0220+0137 and W0410−0913. Massive molecular outflow can blow away the obscured interstellar medium and make obscured QSOs evolve toward the UV/optical bright, unobscured phase. Our result is consistent with the popular active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback scenario involving the co-evolution between the supermassive black holes and host galaxy.
Does a relationship between type of hip fracture and osteoarthritis exist?

Background/Aim: Many factors have been associated with the etiology of falls and hip fractures in the elderly. However, only a few studies have examined the relationship between osteoarthritis and hip fractures, which are common in this age group. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) and the type of hip fracture. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department between January 2017 and December 2021 were eligible to participate in this retrospective cohort study. Patients who were 60 years and older with a hip fracture and adequate medical records and radiographs of bilateral hip and knee joints met the inclusion criteria. Data concerning patient co-morbidities, type of hip fracture, whether they had OA in their hip and knee joints, and the severity of their OA were assessed. The severity of the osteoarthritis presence was categorized with using the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) classification. To categorize the patients, three groups were identified: (1) femoral neck, (2) trochanteric, and (3) subtrochanteric fracture groups. The presence and severity status of OA in the hip and knee joints and co-morbidity data were compared between the groups. Results: Three-hundred forty-one patients with a M/F ratio of 148/193 are included in this study. Femoral neck fractures occurred in 142 (41.6%), trochanteric fractures in 147 (43.1%), and subtrochanteric fractures in 52 (15.2%) patients. The mean age of the cohort was 76.72 (10.165); The mean age of the patients in the trochanteric group was higher than in the subtrochanteric group (P = 0.001). No effect of any existing co-morbidities on fracture type was observed. The overall prevalence of OA in the cohort that was observed in the hip joint was 34.3% with 33.7% in males and 35.3% in females. These rates were 66.6%, 53.4%, and 76.7% in the knee joint, respectively. No difference could be observed between hip OA presence and any type of hip fracture group (P = 0.833 for right hip, P = 0.865 for left hip). Similar rates of moderate and severe hip OA were found in the femoral neck and trochanteric fracture groups. However, the frequency of moderate hip OA was lower and the frequency of severe hip OA was higher in subtrochanteric fracture group compared to other groups (P = 0.164 for right hip, P = 0.241 for left hip. Knee OA was observed to be more common in the trochanteric fracture group (P = 0.003 for the right knee, P = 0.002 for left knee) and also, the rate of severe OA was higher in the trochanteric fracture group compared to other groups (P = 0.013 for right knee, P = 0.006 for the left knee). Conclusion: In contrast to OA presence in the hip, knee OA presence and severity can be significant risk factors for occurrence of trochanteric type fractures in the elderly.
Utilization of Melon Skin Waste (Cucumis Melo L.) in Syrup Preparations as an Immunostimulant to Prevent Covid-19

Today, the world is being shaken by a great pandemic called Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease). The increase from day to day in the number of patients infected with the Covid-19 virus is already difficult to control. A clear and straightforward plan is needed from the government to tackle this problem. Efforts to increase the body's resistance so as not to be easily attacked by viruses are also important. The immune system can be increased by consuming nutritious foods and sources of bioactive components that have immunostimulant activity. Natural ingredients that can be used to prevent Covid-19 are melons. The utilization of melon peel waste is currently still not optimal, this melon skin actually contains a lot of substances that are useful for health. Melon peel is rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates (69.77%) and ash (3.67%). They contain a large amount of total dietary fiber (41.69%) and antioxidants as polyphenols and flavonoids (332mg/100g extract and 95.46mg/100g extract, respectively). Identification and quantification of melon peel phenolic compounds. showed that hydroxybenzoic acid and flavones constituted their main phenolic class. 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid was the main phenolic compound in melon peel at 33.45mg/100g, followed by apigenin-7-glycoside (29.34mg/100g. This research was conducted by formulating melon peel extract in three concentration variations, namely FI (extract 10) %) FII (15% extract) and FIII (20% extract). The syrup preparation of melon peel extract obtained was then subjected to accelerated stability test. The phagocytosis test was carried out by calculating the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells. Data analysis using the Graphad Prism® application. The results obtained the watermelon rind extract syrup formula is stable after storage and can act as an immunostimulant.
Effect of Capital Expenditure and Corporate Hedging on Firm Value with Exchange Rate as Moderating Variable

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of capital expenditure and corporate hedging on firm value, and the effect of the exchange rate on the relationship between capital expenditure and corporate hedging and firm value. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020. By using purposive sampling method, obtained 119 companies that meet the criteria as research samples with an observation time of 5 years, so that the total final sample is 595 observational data. This study uses secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. In this study, the analysis method is moderated regression analysis (MRA) with testing tools using the IBM SPSS version 25 data processing application. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Capital expenditure has no effect on firm value (2) Corporate hedging has an effect on firm value (3) Exchange rate as a moderating variable cannot moderate the relationship between capital expenditure and firm value (4) Exchange rate as a moderating variable cannot moderate the relationship between corporate hedging and firm value
Risk Assessment for Newly Diagnosed Fit Young Patients with Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Treatment Modalities: Should There Be Additional Factors Taken into Consideration??

Introduction The optimal treatment for young patients with high-risk newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) remains a challenge. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 58 NDMM patients younger than 55 years treated in our center from 2010 to 2021 with the current recommended protocols. Results After a median follow-up of 48 months, median overall survival (OS) was not reached; however, approximately 25% of them died within 4 years after diagnosis. Advanced disease stage, presence of extramedullary disease, elevated LDH, and less than very good remission before autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation adversely affected patient survival. Based on these factors, we created a risk-assessment scoring system that sufficiently discriminated young NDMM patients at risk of poor outcome. The 4-year OS was superior for patients with zero to two factors to those with three to five factors (86% vs 44%, p<0.001). Conclusion The proposed scoring system could be reliably used at diagnosis and at interim disease evaluation in aiming for personalized treatment for young NDMM patients.
Deficiency of IRG1/ itaconate aggravates endotoxemia-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting autophagy in mice

Itaconate, produced by aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1), which is encoded by immune-responsive gene 1 (Irg1), is one of the metabolites derived from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It has been reported that exogenous itaconate plays an anti-inflammatory role in the progression of multiple diseases and pathological processes, including activated macrophage, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and acute lung injury. However, the role and specific mechanism of endogenous itaconate in endotoxemia-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. The animal model of ALI in wild-type and Irg1−/− mice was constructed by LPS intraperitoneal injection. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis was performed to measure the quantity of endogenous itaconate. The protective effect of itaconate was investigated by the behavioral assessment and the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Acute lung injury was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, total protein in BALF, and Evans blue leakage. Western blotting was used to detect the IRG1 expression and autophagic protein in the lung. We demonstrated that IRG1 was highly expressed in ALI and that endogenous itaconate was produced simultaneously and was 100 times higher. Using Irg1−/− mice, we found that endogenous itaconate was likely to exert an anti-inflammatory effect by activating NRF2 and promoting autophagy. Furthermore, autophagy was restrained by LPS but enhanced by 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) pretreatment. Our study illustrated that a deficiency of IRG1/Itaconate aggravates ALI and that the IRG1/itaconate pathway protects against ALI. The protective mechanisms could be related to the facilitation of autophagy. Such findings may provide a theoretical foundation for the treatment of endotoxemia-induced ALI.
Responsive Neurostimulation for Seizure Control: Current Status and Future Directions

Electrocorticography (ECoG) data are commonly obtained during drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) workup, in which subdural grids and stereotaxic depth electrodes are placed on the cortex for weeks at a time, with the goal of elucidating seizure origination. ECoG data can also be recorded from neuromodulatory devices, such as responsive neurostimulation (RNS), which involves the placement of electrodes deep in the brain. Of the neuromodulatory devices, RNS is the first to use recorded ECoG data to direct the delivery of electrical stimulation in order to control seizures. In this review, we first introduced the clinical management for epilepsy, and discussed the steps from seizure onset to surgical intervention. We then reviewed studies discussing the emergence and therapeutic mechanism behind RNS, and discussed why RNS may be underperforming despite an improved seizure detection mechanism. We discussed the potential utility of incorporating machine learning techniques to improve seizure detection in RNS, and the necessity to change RNS targets for stimulation, in order to account for the network theory of epilepsy. We concluded by commenting on the current and future status of neuromodulation in managing epilepsy, and the role of predictive algorithms to improve outcomes.
Astronomical detection of C$\mathsf{_{4}H^-}$, the second interstellar anion

Aims. Following the recent detection of C 6 H - in the laboratory and in space we have succeeded in studying the microwave spectrum of C 4 H - . We report here the first detection in space of this negative ion. Methods. We have observed in the envelope of the carbon star IRC +10216 five lines corresponding to the J = 9-8, 11-10, 12-11, 14-13 and 15-14 rotational transitions of C 4 H - . The C 4 H - lines have a cusped shape, denoting that this ion is formed in the outer part of the envelope, like its neutral counterpart C 4 H. Results. The abundance of C 4 H - in IRC+10216 is 1/6 of the abundance of C 6 H - and 1/4200 of that of C 4 H. Conclusions. The detection of C 4 H - , after that of C 6 H - , confirms the theoretical prediction that C-chain anions are abundant in interstellar clouds and yields a first measurement of the electron radiative attachment rates.
Air Quality Dispersion Modelling to Evaluate CIPP Installation Styrene Emissions

Cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) is one of the most popular in situ rehabilitation techniques to repair sewer and water pipes. While there are multiple approaches to curing CIPP, steam-curing of styrene-based resins has been found to be associated with air-borne chemical emissions. Health officials, utilities and industry representatives have recognized the need to know more about these emissions, especially styrene. Such concern has led to multiple studies investigating the concentrations of volatile organic compounds on CIPP installation sites. This study expands upon previous effort by modeling worst-case, steam-cured CIPP emissions over a 5-year weather record. The effort also includes calibration of the model to emissions averages over the work day rather than instantaneous field measurements. Dispersion modelling software, AERMOD, was utilized to model the styrene component of CIPP emissions on two CIPP installation sites in the US. Based on the analysis results, it was found that the styrene emitted from stacks dissipates rapidly with styrene concentrations only exceeding minimum health and safety threshold levels at distances close to the stack (2 m or less). The values predicted by the model analysis are comparable with the field measured styrene concentrations from other studies. Current safety guidelines in the US recommend a 4.6-m (15-ft) safety perimeter for stack emission points. The results of this study indicate that significant and lasting health impacts are unlikely outside recommended safety perimeter. The results also validate the importance of enforcing recommended safety guidance on steam-cured CIPP sites.
Astrometric Constraints on the Masses of Long-period Gas Giant Planets in the TRAPPIST-1 Planetary System

Transit photometry of the M8V dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 (2MASS J23062928-0502285) has revealed the presence of at least seven planets with masses and radii similar to that of Earth, orbiting at distances that might allow liquid water to be present on their surfaces. We have been following TRAPPIST-1 since 2011 with the CAPSCam astrometric camera on the 2.5 m du Pont telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. In 2016, we noted that TRAPPIST-1 lies slightly farther away than previously thought, at 12.49 pc, rather than 12.1 pc. Here, we examine 15 epochs of CAPSCam observations of TRAPPIST-1, spanning the five years from 2011 to 2016, and obtain a revised trigonometric distance of 12.56 ± 0.12 pc. The astrometric data analysis pipeline shows no evidence for a long-period astrometric wobble of TRAPPIST-1. After proper motion and parallax are removed, residuals at the level of ±1.3 mas remain. The amplitude of these residuals constrains the masses of any long-period gas giant planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system: no planet more massive than ∼4.6 MJup orbits with a 1 year period, and no planet more massive than ∼1.6 MJup orbits with a 5 year period. Further refinement of the CAPSCam data analysis pipeline, combined with continued CAPSCam observations, should either detect any long-period planets, or put an even tighter constraint on these mass upper limits.
Examining the Interplay between Self-regulated Learning Activities and Types of Knowledge within a Computer-simulated Environment

This study examined the temporal co-occurrences of self-regulated learning (SRL) activities and three types of knowledge (i.e., task information, domain knowledge, and metacognitive knowledge) of 34 medical students who solved two tasks of varying complexity in a computer-simulated environment. Specifically, we explored the effects of task complexity on SRL activities, types of knowledge, and their interplay using epistemic network analysis (ENA). We also compared the differences between high and low performers. The results showed that the use of SRL activities, especially the planning and monitoring activities, was more intensive in a difficult task compared to an easy task. Students also used more domain knowledge to solve the difficult task. For both tasks, domain knowledge and metacognitive knowledge co-occurred most frequently, followed by the co-occurrence of domain knowledge and planning. Nevertheless, the interplay of SRL activities and types of knowledge is generally different between the two tasks. Moreover, we found that high performers used significantly more metacognitive knowledge than low performers in the easy task. However, no significant differences were found in the use of SRL activities between high and low performers in both tasks. This study makes theoretical, methodological, and practical contributions to the area of SRL in clinical reasoning.
Cyclical period changes in Z Chamaeleontis

We report the identification of cyclical changes in the orbital period of the eclipsing dwarf nova Z Cha. We used times of mid-eclipse collected from the literature and our new eclipse timings to construct an observed-minus-calculated diagram covering 30 yr of observations (1972-2002). The data present cyclical variations that can be fitted by a linear plus sinusoidal function with period 28 ′ 2 yr and amplitude 1.0 ′ 0.2 min. The statistical significance of this period by an F-test is larger than 99.9 per cent. The derived fractional period change, ΔP/P = 4.4 x 10 - 7 , is comparable to that of other short-period cataclysmic variables (CVs), but is one order of magnitude smaller than those of the long-period CVs. Separate fits to the first and second halves of the data lead to ephemerides with quite different cycle periods and amplitudes, indicating that the variation is not sinusoidal or, most probably, is not strictly periodic. The observed cyclical period change is possibly caused by a solar-type magnetic activity cycle in the secondary star. An incremental variation in the Roche lobe of the secondary star of ΔR L 2 /R L 2 ≃ 1.7 x 10 - 4 is required in order to explain both the observed period change and the modulation of the quiescent brightness previously reported by Ak, Ozkan & Mattei.
Sudakov electroweak effects in transversely polarized beams

We study Standard Model electroweak radiative corrections for fully inclusive observables with polarized fermionic beams. Our calculations are relevant in view of the possibility for Next Generation Linear colliders of having transversely and/or longitudinally polarized beams. The case of initial transverse polarization is particularly interesting because of the interplay of infrared/collinear logarithms of different origins, related both to the nonabelian SU(2) and abelian U(1) sectors. The Standard model effects turn out to be in the 10% range at the TeV scale, therefore particularly relevant in order to disentangle possible New Physics effects.
THE PERCEIVED RISKS THAT INFLUENCE THE INTENTION OF CONSUMERS TO DO ONLINE PURCHASES IN EAST MALAYSIA

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceived risks that influence the intention of consumers to do online purchase in East Malaysia. The researchers adopted the Theory Planned behaviour (TPB) in this study, followed by the independent variables (financial risk, product risk, security risk, time risk, social risk, and psychological risk), and dependent variable (intention of consumers to do online purchase) respectively, to achieve the study’s objectives. In this case, the researchers applied convenience sampling, which involved selecting samples based on the volunteers’ flexibility and readiness to complete the survey. Considering the time issue, the researchers can only collect 140 respondents as the primary data. These data are obtained from the Google Form questionnaire for citizens with online shopping experience in East Malaysia. After that, the researchers exported the data to the 27th edition of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for analysis. In short, there are four analyses that was run by the researchers, namely factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis for demographic profile, and regression analysis. The result of the reliability analysis indicated that the questionnaire was a reliable instrument to measure the objectives of this study. On the other hand, regression analysis has been done and the result showed all of the hypotheses in this study were accepted where all of dimensions in perceived risks have influence the intention of consumers to do online purchase in East Malaysia.
Deep Intermediate-Band Surface Photometry of NGC 5907

Intrigued by the initial report of an extended luminosity distribution perpendicular to the disk of the edge-on Sc galaxy NGC 5907, we have obtained very deep exposures of this galaxy with a Schmidt telescope, large-format CCD, and intermediate-band filters centered at 6660 Å and 8020 Å. These two filters, part of a 15-filter set, are custom designed to avoid the brightest (and most variable) night skylines. As a result, our images are able to go deeper with lower sky noise than those taken with broadband filters at similar effective wavelengths: e.g., 0.6 e- arcsec-2 s-1 for our observations versus 7.4 e- arcsec-2 s-1 for the R-band measures of Morrison et al. In our assessment of both random and systematic errors, we show that the flux level where the errors of observation reach 1 mag arcsec-2 are 29.00 mag arcsec-2 in the 6660 Å image (corresponding to 28.7 in the R band) and 27.4 mag arcsec-2 in the 8020 Å image (essentially on the I-band system). In a previous paper we have shown that NGC 5907 has a luminous ring around it, most plausibly caused by the tidal disruption of a dwarf spheroidal galaxy by the much more massive spiral. Here we show that, for values fainter than 27 R mag arcsec-2, the surface brightness around NGC 5907 is strongly asymmetric, being mostly brighter on the northwest (ring) side of the galactic midplane. This asymmetry rules out a halo as the cause of the faint surface brightness we see. We find this asymmetry is likely an artifact resulting from a combination of ring light and residual surface brightness at faint levels from stars that our star-masking procedure cannot completely eliminate. The possible existence of an optical face-on warp in NGC 5907, suggested by our Very Large Array H I observations, is too confused with foreground star contamination to be independently studied. Good agreement with the surface photometry of NGC 5907 by other observers leads us to conclude that their data are similarly affected at faint levels by ring light and the residual effects of star masking procedures. Inspection of published images confirm this to be the case. Thus, we conclude that NGC 5907 does not have a faint extended halo.