Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Study on Evaluation Model of Port Service Quality : Based upon SERVPERF

Due to increasing cargo traffic by sea transportati on, shipping companies have focused on large container vessels and “Hub & Spoke” strate gy for economy of scale. Thus, ports have struggled to concentrate on port develop ment, port marketing, hinterland development, incentive policy, etc. However, it is necessary for ports to be aware of port service quality to take competitive advantage for p ort competition. The purpose of this study is to suggest evaluation m del of port service quality and find out causality of port service quality which affect customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. In this paper, we examined the impact of p rt service quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty based on suggeste d evaluation model. From 137 acceptable data from questionnaire survey responded by shipping companies calling to ports in Korea, we conduct factor analysis and Stru ctural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SPSS 15.0 and AMOS 7.0. We establish 8 hypotheses based on SERVPERF in orde r to test correlation of 5 dimensions of port service, port service quality, c ustomer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. From the result of the hypothesis testing, we accept 6 hypotheses out of 8 with high Significance level and reject 2 hypotheses. Su rprisingly, the result shows that customer satisfaction and port service quality do n ot affect customer loyalty in spite of
Dilution Ratio and the Resulting Composition Profile in Dissimilar Laser Powder Bed Fusion of AlSi10Mg and Al99.8

A variant of a hybrid manufacturing process combines the benefits of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and conventional manufacturing. Hybrid manufacturing can result in dissimilar material combinations which are prone to process errors. This study is motivated by the future application of a hybrid manufacturing variant and focusses on dissimilar aluminium alloys were hot cracks are the dominant process errors. A theoretical model was derived for the composition profile based on the dilution ratio known from fusion welding. The theory was validated with penetration depth measurements and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy line scans on samples manufactured by LPBF (powder AlSi10Mg, building platform Al99.8 and line energies Pv−1 = 0.26–0.42 J·mm−1). A material combination with a low hot crack susceptibility was chosen to establish the theory. The results suggest that the dilution ratio is dependent on the penetration depth and the layer thickness. The used line energies result in a dilution ratio of 67–86% which results in 2–6 re-melted and mixed layers per added layer. A specific process design metric, the mixture height, is proposed to estimate the spatial effect of the dilution. The results can be used to adjust process parameters to lessen the effect of process errors in dissimilar hybrid manufacturing and increase mechanical performance.
Blood gases and metabolite content and ruminal fermentation in response to diets with different fermentability in Holstein dairy cows

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of diets having different fer- mentability on blood gases, blood metabolites and ruminal fermentation parameters in Holstein dairy cows. Four multiparous Holstein dairy cows (665 ± 25 kg BW, 170 ± 7.0 DIM and 15±1.5 kg of milk yield), fitted with rumen cannulae, were used in a 4×4 Latin Square design with 28-d periods. Corn starch and sucrose were added to diets and corn starch was replaced with sucrose at 0 (diet 1), 25 (diet 2), 50 (diet 3) and 75 g (diet 4) per kg diet dry matter in diets containing 600g concentrate and 400g forage. Dry matter intake (DMI), body weight changes (BWC) and milk yield were not affected by the diets (P > 0.05). Milk fat content increased by replacing starch with sucrose (P ≤ 0.05). Milk protein concentration (%) tended to increase by replacing starch with sucrose (P = 0.06). Inclusion of sucrose in the diet did not affect ruminal pH (averaged 6.41) but reduced (P ≤ 0.05) ruminal NH3- N concentration. Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and molar proportion of most of the individual VFA were unaffected by diets except for the molar proportion of butyrate that was increased with increas- ing levels of sucrose (P ≤ 0.05). Total branched chain VFA also tended (P = 0.06) to increase with sugar levels. Blood gases and metabolites were not affected but blood urea N which was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) by increasing the level of sucrose in the diets. In conclusion, dairy cows fed diets contain- ing sucrose had lower ruminal NH3 and BUN concentrations without any adverse effects on rumen fermentation characteristics, and blood gases and metabolites. This indirectly shows reduced nitrogen excretion to the environment which is critical for decreasing environmental pollution. Keywords: diet fermentability, gases, metabolites, fermentation, dairy cows
Impaired autologous mixed-lymphocyte reaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes in adult periodontitis

The autologous mixed-lymphocyte reactions (AMLR) of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 80 patients with adult periodontitis were examined. Some but not all patients showed clearly low AMLR responses; 31 of 80 subjects (39%) showing consistently low responses in AMLR (less than the mean--2 standard deviations of the healthy control group values) were designated low-AMLR patients, whereas the 42 patients (53%) who showed normal AMLR responses were designated normal-AMLR patients. However, there were no significant differences in the clinical parameters between these two groups of patients. The phenotypic analysis of T-cell fractions revealed a lower percentage of CD45RA-positive cells in CD4-positive cells (CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells) in the low-AMLR patients than those in normal-AMLR patients and healthy control subjects. No significant differences were demonstrated between the two groups in terms of the proportion of CD4-positive and CD8-positive cells in the T-cell fractions or in the expression of human leukocyte antigen DR of the monocytes and B cells in the non-T-cell fractions. In the low-AMLR patients, the allogeneic MLR was found to be normal, but the interleukin 2 production in the AMLR was found to be significantly depressed. The depressed AMLR responses and the lower percentage of CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells in the low-AMLR patients were found to be normalized following the periodontal therapy. These results might reflect changes in regulatory T-cell function induced by development of periodontal diseases.
Augmenting Epithelial Barrier Function

The simplest multicellular animal organisms, coelenterates, are essentially floating intestines in the sea. More fundamentally, they are ‘barrier tubes’ that attempt to compartmentalize the environment they exist in. It is said that ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny. It is thus interesting that the blastocyst, among the earliest multicellular embryonic structures, is essentially a sac comprised of polarizing cells. Like the coelenterate, it is also compartmentalizing the environment that it exists in, creating an internal fluid compartment distinct from an external one. So on both an evolutionary basis and a developmental basis, the singular importance of fluid compartmentation and barrier cell linings was a concept that nature apparently grabbed hold of with both hands and never let go, as it kept ramifying the theme. The human body is in a sense a manifold of many different sacs and tubes: a respiratory tract, a GI tract, a urinary tract, the skin, a reproductive tract, a vasculature, a central nervous system encased in a medium (cerebrospinal fluid) quite distinct from blood. We are intimately and fundamentally divided into luminal and abluminal compartments.
Comparative phylogeography of two codistributed subgenera of cave crickets (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Ceuthophilus spp.)

We compare the phylogeographical structure among caves for co‐occurring cave dwelling crickets (Ceuthophilus) in two subgenera Ceuthophilus (Ceuthophilus) (hereafter, called Ceuthophilus) and Ceuthophilus (Geotettix) (hereafter, called Geotettix). In our study area (central Texas), cave‐inhabiting members of the subgenus Ceuthophilus are trogloxenes, roosting in the caves but foraging above ground and occasionally moving between caves, whereas members of the subgenus Geotettix are near‐obligate cave dwellers, which forage inside the caves, and only rarely are found above ground. Differences in potential dispersal ability and ecology provide a framework for understanding their effects on the phylogeographical structure and isolation of populations of cave dwelling organisms.
Relationship of infant mortality to the availability of obstetrical care in Indiana.

BACKGROUND Projects that are currently under way in Indiana to improve access to obstetrical care have not addressed the availability of these services in nonmetropolitan areas. This study was designed to identify all physicians who were providing obstetrical services in every county throughout the state to determine if there is a correlation between the availability of these services and the infant mortality rate in nonmetropolitan counties. METHODS A state-wide physician profile maintained by the Indiana Academy of Family Physicians was cross-referenced with a telephone survey of all hospitals in the state to identify those physicians providing obstetrical services within each county in Indiana. The number of physicians in each county was then compared with the number of births per year by mothers from that county to determine whether nonmetropolitan counties had sufficient physicians to provide obstetrical services. Finally, these findings were compared with the most recent infant mortality rate for each nonmetropolitan county. RESULTS A total of 610 family physicians, 311 obstetricians, and 75 general practitioners were providing obstetrical care in Indiana. There were 10 counties that did not have a physician who delivered babies practicing in that county. Thirty-two counties had more women who needed obstetrical care than the current number of physicians could serve. There was a negative correlation between physician availability and infant mortality in Indiana's nonmetropolitan counties (r = -.38; P less than .02). CONCLUSIONS Access to care for pregnant patients is a major problem in rural Indiana and hampers Indiana's ability to reduce its current infant mortality rate.
Antioxidative activity of camel milk casein hydrolysates

Antioxidant activity of camel and cow milk hydrolysed casein was studied. Camel and cow milk casein were hydrolysed using trypsin enzyme for 0 to 180 min. Total phenol compounds, reducing power, 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and lipid hydroperoxide were determined as indicators for antioxidative potential of hydrolysed casein. Total phenol compounds; reducing power and DPPH scavenging activity of camel milk casein hydrolysate were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of cow milk casein hydrolysate. However, the lipid hydroperoxide formation was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in camel milk casein hydrolysate than in cow milk casein hydrolysate. The study indicated that the camel milk hydrolysate had higher antioxidative potential than cow milk casein hydrolysate. Moreover, the hydrolysis of caseins improved their antioxidant activity in both casein types.
Heterosis Studies in Bitter Gourd

ABSTRACT Improvement in yield quantity and quality of bitter gourd, Momordica charantia L. , cannot be accomplished through traditional methods. Heterosis breeding may be used to achieve this goal. A partial diallel mating design was used to evaluate standard heterosis to increase yield and quality by identification of a unique cross combination with desirable heterosis in bitter gourd. Five parents and 16 hybrids were evaluated from Oct. 2009 to Mar. 2010. Heterotic vigor was present for earliness, yield, and quality characters among hybrids. Significant differences for all characters indicated presence of genetic variability. The heterosis was negative for days to first harvest, fruit length and diameter, and single fruit weight and positive for number of fruit/plant and fruit yield/plant. Average fruit weight ranged from 115 to 249 g; the heaviest fruit were from hybrids from the crosses P1 × P3, P2 × P3, P3 × P1, P3 × P5, and P5 × P2; hybrids from the crosses P3 × P4, P4 × P3, and P5 × P4 had the smallest fruit. The longest fruit were from hybrids from the crosses P3 × P1, P2 × P3, and P1 × P3; the shortest fruit were from hybrids from the crosses P4 × P3, P4 × P2, and P3 × P4. The highest yield was from the hybrid from the cross P3 × P5 followed by hybrids from the crosses P4 × P1 and P4 × P3. Hybrids from crosses P5 × P4, P3 × P5, and P2 × P5 had 102%, 82.6%, and 82.4% higher heterosis over the better parent, respectively, for fruit yield/plant. Based on yield contributing characters and heterotic performance hybrids from crosses P5 × P4, P3 × P5, and P2 × P5 can be used to exploit develop improved commercial lines.
Galectin-1 in injury and regeneration

In higher vertebrates, injury to both sensory and motor axons within the central nervous system (CNS) results in permanent loss of sensation and paralysis. In contrast, peripheral nervous system (PNS) injuries are often followed by functional recovery. This disparity in the regenerative ability of the PNS and CNS is attributed to both the intrinsic gene response of injured neurons and the environment across which an injured axon must extend in order for successful regeneration to occur. Recent reports demonstrate that the carbohydrate-binding protein galectin (Gal)-l, which is expressed during the development of sensory and motor neurons and in the mature adult, is involved in regrowth of axotomized neurons following a peripheral nerve injury. Specifically, exogenous application of recombinant Gal l to injured peripheral nerves increased the rate of axonal growth into acellular grafts. However, the axotomy-induced changes of endogenous neuronal Gal l expression have not been examined. In this thesis, I demonstrate that axotomized neurons that were able to regenerate or initiate a growth response also had increased G a l l expression. Gal l returned to uninjured levels upon target re-innervation suggesting that the target may partially regulate Gal l expression. Furthermore, homozygous Gal l null mutant (-/-) mice showed an attenuated rate of functional recovery after a nerve crush. I also examined sensory responses of Gal l -/mice, since Ga l l is expressed during sensory neuronal development as well as within the adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG). The absence of Gal l in the Ga l l -/mouse led to an increased threshold for thermal nociceptive stimuli. This correlated with differences in nociceptive neuron proportions and their pattern of termination within the spinal cord. Taken together these data underscore an important contribution of endogenous Gal l to the regenerative process and to sensory neuronal development and/or maintenance.
Similarity and analogical reasoning: a synthesis

Preface Similarity and analogical reasoning: a synthesis Stella Vosniadou and Andrew Ortony Part I. Similarity and the Structure of Concepts: 1. Similarity, typicality, and categorization Lance J. Rips 2. Similarity and decision making Edward E. Smith and Daniel N. Osherson 3. Intraconcept similarity and its implications for interconcept similarity Lawrence W. Barsalou 4. Two-tiered concept meaning, inferential matching, and conceptual cohesiveness Ryszard S. Michalski 5. From global similarities to kinds of similarities: the construction of dimensions in development Linda B. Smith 6. Comments on Part I. Psychological essentialism Douglas Medin and Andrew Ortony Part II. Analogical Reasoning: 7. The mechanisms of analogical learning Dedre Genter 8. A computational model of analogical problem solving Keith J. Holyoak and Paul R. Thagard 9. Use of analogy in production system architecture John R. Anderson and Ross Thompson 10. Toward a microstructural account of human reasoning David E. Rumelhart 11. Analogy and the exercise of creativity Philip N. Johnson-Laird 12. Comments on Part II. Levels of description in information-processing theories of analogy Stephen E. Palmer 13. Comments on Part II. The role of explanation in analogy or, the curse of an alluring name Gerald Dejong Part III. Similarity and Analogy in Development, Learning and Instruction: 14. Analogical learning and transfer: what develops? Ann L. Brown 15. Analogical reasoning as a mechanism in knowledge acquisition: a developmental perspective Stella Vosniadou 16. Remindings in learning and instruction Brian H. Ross 17. New approaches to instruction: because wisdom can't be told John D. Bransford, Jeffery J. Franks, Nancy J. Vye and Robert Sherwood 18. Multiple analogies for complex concepts: antidotes for analogy-induced misconception in advanced knowledge acquisition Rand J. Spiro, Paul J. Feltovich, Richard L. Coulson and Daniel K. Anderson 19. Comments on Part III. The activation and acquisition of knowledge William F. Brewer Afterword Allan Collins and Mark Burstein Name index Subject index.
The Educational Migration of Sub-state Ethnic Minorities on the Outskirts of the EU

The goal of this paper is to present an analysis of the status and career choices of Hungarian, Slovak, and Romanian ethnic minority high school graduates in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, the northern province of Serbia. We implemented a purpose-built, paper-based-questionnaire process of data collection that involved 2,192 ethnic minority high school students who were finishing high school in their mother tongues in 16 municipalities in Vojvodina. The results of the analysis showed that almost 40 per cent of the sample of ethnic minority high school graduates planned to leave Serbia to study in their mother tongues in nearby European Union (EU) countries. While this brain drain is not a new trend, our research shows that there are new and different reasons for it and it was caused by the insufficiency of Serbian language skills of the ethnic minority studnets. The results of the research show that the main reason for this educational migration is thus the aspiration to obtain a diploma from an EU-based institution, which (1) grants immediate access to the EU’s integrated labor market, and (2) is perceived to improve social status compared to that of remaining in Serbia after graduating. Despite this new motive for educational migration, language barriers are still relevant determinants of the latter. A gender-sensitive analysis of the responses was undertaken that showed that there are gender-based differences in terms of which students continue their studies after high school, and in the reasons for staying in Serbia.
Spatial distribution of roots in Sweetgum and Loblolly Pine monocultures and relations with above-ground biomass and soil nutrients

Models of plant-plant interactions often assume that root systems are symmetrically arranged around individual plants and, therefore, below-ground competition intensity is a function of inter-plant distance. To explore this assumption, we measured three-dimensional distributions (horizontal and vertical dimensions) of roots in one plot each of a 3-year-old Sweetgum Sprout (root-stock : 4 years) and 3-year-old Loblolly Pine monoculture. In each plot, 0.5 m grids were set and all roots in each 0.25 m 2 section (horizontal dimensions) were washed from the soil in four horizons (vertical dimension) down to a total depth of 60 cm. Fine-root biomass summed across the vertical dimension was not correlated with local above-ground biomass, an indication that distance-dependent patterns of root distribution were not strong, at least in the scale of this study. Three-dimensional fine root density was, however, correlated with levels of soil P and K but not soil N or organic matter. Compared to a null model of symmetrical horizontal root distribution, actual root systems of individual plants appeared to avoid inter-plant overlap. Compared with Loblolly Pine, Sweetgum root systems were less concentrated in the upper 10 cm and more symmetric overall. We propose that distance-dependent patterns of below-ground plant-plant interactions will be diminished by the tendency for roots to forage for nutrients and avoid overlap with roots of other plants, and by differences among species in root system behaviour.
Estimation of avian species richness: biases in morning surveys and efficient sampling from acoustic recordings

Species richness estimation is an important component of ecological studies and conservation planning. Limited resources necessitate that sampling protocols be as efficient and accurate as possible. For birds, automated acoustic sampling offers potential advantages of abundant data at reduced cost for field observers, and enhanced diel coverage, but neither of which may accrue if surveys are biased and/or too costly to analyze in the lab. Here, we assessed bias in estimates of species and higher order taxonomic richness obtained from standard morning point counts, and from morning‐only acoustic recordings, relative to estimates from 72, 10‐min acoustic recordings conducted hourly over 3 d. Furthermore, we compared 10‐min subsamples of 24‐h recordings across five statistical estimators to establish which combination of number of samples, from which times of day, and with which statistical estimator, best approximated total observed species richness. Total observed species richness was the total number of species detected per site over 720 min of 10‐min recordings. Standard morning point counts and morning‐only acoustic recordings consistently underestimated both total species and higher order taxonomic richness. Species not detected were those that irregularly or nocturnally vocalize. Without statistical estimators, the greatest number of species per unit sample effort was detected from 10‐min, on‐the‐hour samples between 07:00 and 12:00, and at 21:00, over 3 d. With the jackknife estimator, three 10‐min samples (one at each of 08:00, 09:00, and 12:00, over 3 d) most efficiently estimated within 5% of total observed species richness. Researchers can subsample in combination with statistical estimators to increase analytical efficiency for species richness using acoustic recordings.
Ameliorative Effect of Mentha spicata on Dichlorvos-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Rat Brain

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.4. 13 Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the protective role of aqueous extract of Mentha spicata (MSE) leaf on dichlorvos (DDVP) induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Male rats were divided into 4 groups, the first group served as control (C). Group (E1) received 5.33mg/Kg BW of DDVP and group (E2) received 5.33mg/Kg BW of DDVP with MSE (100.0 mg/kg) and the group (E3) received MSE (100.0 mg/kg). Rats under all the groups were treated with their respective constituents for 30 days. The results suggested that rats under E1 suffered from significant (p<0.01) decline in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase with a significant elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde of their brain. Histological changes were also found to be prominent in the brain of E1 group as compared to others. Rats under E2 showed recuperation tendencies which were evidenced by partial restoration of antioxidant enzyme activity and the lesser degree of damage in histological aspect as compared to E1. No significant changes were observed in either biochemical constituents or histological aspects of rats under E3. The current study suggests that DDVP can cause oxidative damage and brain injury in male rats and coadministration of MSE with the selected dose partially attenuates the toxic effect caused by DDVP.