Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONSTRAINING THE VELA PULSAR'S RADIO EMISSION REGION USING NYQUIST-LIMITED SCINTILLATION STATISTICS

Using a novel technique, we achieve ∼100 picoarcsec resolution and set an upper bound of less than 4 km for the characteristic size of the Vela pulsar's emission region. Specifically, we analyze flux-density statistics of the Vela pulsar at 760 MHz. Because the pulsar exhibits strong diffractive scintillation, these statistics convey information about the spatial extent of the radio emission region. We measure both a characteristic size of the emission region and the emission sizes for individual pulses. Our results imply that the radio emission altitude for the Vela pulsar at this frequency is less than 340 km.
Evaluation of visual field changes with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in primary congenital glaucoma

Purpose: To evaluate visual field changes in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness on optical coherence tomography. Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, consecutive PCG children who underwent combined trabeculotomy with trabeculectomy and on regular follow-up were enrolled. All patients were aged over four years and co-operative for RNFL OCT and visual field examination. Perimetry was done on Humphrey visual field (HVF) analyzer using 30-2 and 10-2 SITA standard algorithms as appropriate. If a reliable automated perimetry was not feasible, kinetic perimetry was done. The following were noted at baseline and every follow-up: age, sex, visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), cup–disc ratio (CDR), corneal diameters, refraction, any topical antiglaucoma medications, surgeries underwent, age at surgery and duration between surgery and final examination. Results: Forty-eight eyes of 34 children operated for PCG and 19 eyes of 17 controls were analyzed. A statistically significant thinner average RNFL thickness of 87.2 ± 28 μm was noted in PCG eyes as compared to controls with 100.6 ± 7.2 μm (P = 0.04). The mean cup–disc area ratio on OCT in PCG eyes was 0.43 ± 0.2 (0.02–0.93) and in control eyes was 0.23 ± 0.07 (0.1–0.4) (P < 0.001). On RNFL OCT, there was significant focal RNFL loss in temporal superior (P = 0.003), nasal inferior (P = 0.037) and temporal inferior (P < 0.001) quadrants compared to controls. Among PCG eyes, 20/48 eyes (41.7%), had definitive, reproducible glaucomatous VF defects. Mean baseline IOP in PCG eyes with VF defect was 28.7 ± 5.7 mmHg and in eyes with normal VF was 24.6 ± 5.9 mmHg (P = 0.03). On univariate regression analysis, higher baseline IOP was significantly associated with both RNFL loss (odds ratio (OR): −2.17) and VF defects (OR: 3.35). Fluctuation in follow-up IOP (OR: 3.33) was also significantly associated with the presence of VF defects. On multivariable regression analysis maximum, IOP was significantly associated with RNFL loss and VF defects. Conclusion: Peripapillary RNFL thickness could be used to identify PCG eyes having visual field loss and possibly poor visual function from PCG eyes without visual field defects. Baseline and follow-up IOP, significantly correlated with RNFL thickness in PCG eyes.
Inflamed actinic keratoses as a biomarker in repositioning of chemotherapeutics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Inflammation of actinic keratoses (AK) was originally described with systemic 5-fluorouracil, and led to the development of topical fluorouracil. Similar observations using different chemotherapeutics may point to other drugs with a potential for repositioning. Objective This systematic review aims to evaluate chemotherapeutic agents linked to inflammation-induced cure of AK. Methods This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022346168) and followed PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search for eligible original articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals until July 13, 2022 was conducted in MEDLINE and Embase. Results 28 articles met inclusion criteria accounting for 36 patients (mean age 68.4 ± 8.3 years) with inflamed AK, exposed to 21 different chemotherapeutic agents – 21/36 (58.3%) received monotherapy and 15/36 (41.7%) received multidrug combinations. Regression was complete in 13/28 (46.4%) and partial in 14/28 (50.0%) of inflamed AK. Cure rates of inflamed AK in multidrug combinations were not superior to monotherapies (p = .252), leading to the observation that the majority of the former (14/15; 93.3%) encompassed one of five chemotherapeutic agents linked to AK inflammation also as a monotherapy. Conclusion Overall, inflammation partially/completely cured AK in 96.4% of patients (27/28). Taxanes, pemetrexed, and doxorubicin might have the potential for the management of AK.
Evaluating the Importance of Monetary Policy Uncertainty: The Long- and Short-Term Effects and Responses

Monetary policy changes have an irreplaceable impact on economic activity. Considering the close linkage among economic policies, we employ a bi-directional Granger causality test to investigate the potential linkages between monetary policy uncertainty (MPU) and other categorical economic policy uncertainty (CEPU) in the time and frequency domains. We consider all news-based U.S. categorical economic policy uncertainty indices (CEPU). All monthly CEPU indicators, covering January 1986 to January 2022, can be obtained from the website of Economic Policy Uncertainty. On an average, causality running from each CEPU to MPU is not apparent, while MPU can significantly affect six policy-related uncertainties: taxes, government spending, health care, national security, entitlement programs and regulation. A further frequency-domain study showed the dynamic changes in the relationship between them. For instance, we capture mid- and long-run causality running from tax uncertainty to MPU, while MPU has an impact on taxes in the medium run. Our findings provide policymakers with a better understanding of the nexus between MPU and other CEPU for formulating appropriate economic policies. Particularly, if a sectional government considers the long- and short-term effects of different policies when formulating strategies, risk transmission may be curbed to some extent.
Comparison of the Antibody Responses Following Vaccination with AstraZeneca and Sinopharm.

BACKGROUND Vaccines are the most effective way to prevent Coronavirus 2 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). OBJECTIVES To compare the antibody response of healthy individuals vaccinated with either the AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) or the Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) vaccine, in those who had no prior infection with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS Thirty seven participants were included, of which 17 were administered the AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine, while 20 were given the Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) vaccine. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels were checked 4 weeks after giving the first and the second dose of either vaccine using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. RESULTS The AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine exhibited a higher levels of anti-(RBD) IgG compared with the Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) in both the first (14.51 μg/ml vs. 1.160 μg/ml) and the second (46.68 μg/ml vs. 11.43 μg/ml) doses. About neutralizing Abs, the titer of the antibody was higher in the AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) recipients than in the Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) subjects after the first (7.77 μg/ml vs. 1.79 μg/ml, p < 0.0001) and the second dose (10. 36 μg/ml vs. 4.88 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Recipients vaccinated with two doses of the AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) had superior quantitative antibody levels than Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV)-vaccinated subjects. These data suggest that a booster dose may be needed for the Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) recipients, to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
Management of wounds with exposed bone structures using an induced‐membrane followed by polymethyl methacrylate and second‐stage skin grafting in the elderly with a 3‐year follow‐up

The treatment of traumatic wounds with exposed bone or tendons is often challenging. An induced membrane (IM) is used to reconstruct bone defects, as it provides an effective and sufficient blood supply for bone and soft‐tissue reconstruction. This study explored a novel two‐stage strategy for wound management, consisting of initial wound coverage with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and an autologous split‐thickness skin graft under the IM. Fifty inpatients were enrolled from December 2016 to December 2019. Each patient underwent reconstruction according to a two‐stage process. In the first stage, the defect area was thoroughly debrided, and the freshly treated wound was then covered using PMMA cement. After 4‐6 weeks, during the second stage, the PMMA cement was removed to reveal an IM covering the exposed bone and tendon. An autologous split‐thickness skin graft was then performed. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31 and CD34 were used to evaluate the IM and compare it with the normal periosteal membrane (PM). The psychological status and the Lower Extremity Function Scale (LEFS) as well as any complications were recorded at follow‐up. We found that all skin grafts survived and evidenced no necrosis or infection. H&E staining revealed vascularised tissue in the IM, and immunohistochemistry showed a larger number of VEGF‐, CD31‐ and CD34‐positive cells in the IM than in the normal PM. The duration of healing in the group was 5.40 ± 1.32 months with a mean number of debridement procedures of 1.92 ± 0.60. There were two patients with reulceration in the group. The self‐rating anxiety scale scores ranged from 35 to 60 (mean 48.02 ± 8.12). Postoperatively, the LEFS score was 50.10 ± 9.77. Finally, our strategy for the management of a non‐healing wound in the lower extremities, consisting of an IM in combination with skin grafting, was effective, especially in cases in which bony structures were exposed in the elderly. The morbidity rate was low.
Helicity selection rules and noninterference for BSM amplitudes

Precision studies of scattering processes at colliders provide powerful indirect constraints on new physics. We study the helicity structure of scattering amplitudes in the standard model (SM) and in the context of an effective Lagrangian description of beyond-the-SM (BSM) dynamics. Our analysis reveals a novel set of helicity selection rules according to which, in the majority of 2 -> 2 scattering processes at high energy, the SM and the leading BSM effects do not interfere. In such situations, the naive expectation that dimension-6 operators represent the leading BSM contribution is compromised, as corrections fromdimension-8 operators can become equally (if not more) important well within the validity of the effective field theory approach.
High frequency of CD8 escape mutations in elite controllers as new obstacle for HIV cure

ABSTRACT Accumulation of mutations in epitopes of cytolytic-T-lymphocytes immune response (CTL) in HIV-reservoir seems to be one of the reasons for shock-and-kill strategy failure. Ten non-controller patients on successful cART (TX) and seven elite controllers (EC) were included. HIV-Gag gene from purified resting memory CD4+ T-cells was sequenced by Next-Generation-Sequencing. HLA class-I alleles were typed to predict optimal HIV-Gag CTL epitopes. For each subject, the frequency of mutated epitopes in the HIV-Gag gene, the proportion of them considered as CTL-escape variants as well as their effect on antigen recognition by HLA were assessed. The proportion (%) of mutated HIV-Gag CTL epitopes in the reservoir was high and similar in EC and TX (86%[50–100] and 57%[48–82] respectively, p=0.315). Many of them were predicted to negatively impact antigen recognition. Moreover, the proportion of mutated epitopes considered to be CTL-escape variants was also similar in TX and EC (77%[49–92] vs. 50%[33–75] respectively, p=0.117). Thus, the most relevant finding of our study was the high and similar proportions of HIV-Gag CTL-escape mutations in the reservoir of both HIV-noncontroller patients with cART (TX) and patients with spontaneous HIV-control (EC). Our findings suggest that escape mutations of CTL-response may be another obstacle to eliminate the HIV reservoir and constitute a proof of concept that challenges HIV cure strategies focused on the reactivation of reservoirs. Due to the small sample size that could impact the robustness of the study, further studies with larger cohorts of elite controller patients are needed to confirm these results.
THE PERSISTENCE OF COOL GALACTIC WINDS IN HIGH STELLAR MASS GALAXIES BETWEEN z ∼ 1.4 AND ∼1

We present an analysis of the Mg ii λλ2796, 2803 and Fe ii λλ2586, 2600 absorption line profiles in co-added spectra of 468 galaxies at 0.7 < z < 1.5. The galaxy sample, drawn from the Team Keck Treasury Redshift Survey of the GOODS-N field, has a range in stellar mass (M*) comparable to that of the sample at z ∼ 1.4 analyzed in a similar manner by Weiner et al. (W09), but extends to lower redshifts and has specific star formation rates which are lower by ∼0.6 dex. We identify outflows of cool gas from the Doppler shift of the Mg ii absorption lines and find that the equivalent width (EW) of absorption due to outflowing gas increases on average with M* and star formation rate (SFR). We attribute the large EWs measured in spectra of the more massive, higher-SFR galaxies to optically thick absorbing clouds having large velocity widths. The outflows have hydrogen column densities N(H) ≳ 1019.4 cm−2 and extend to velocities of ∼500 km s-1. While galaxies with SFR>10 M☉ yr−1 host strong outflows in both this and the W09 sample, we do not detect outflows in lower-SFR (i.e., log M*/M☉ ≲ 10.5) galaxies at lower redshifts. Using a simple galaxy evolution model that assumes exponentially declining SFRs, we infer that strong outflows persist in galaxies with log M*/M☉ > 10.5 as they age between z = 1.4 and z ∼ 1, presumably because of their high absolute SFRs. Finally, our spectral analysis, combined with high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging, weakly suggests that outflow absorption strength increases with galaxy SFR surface density.
Serum total folate, 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate and vitamin B12 concentrations on incident risk of lung cancer

Tobacco smoking is a major known risk factor for lung cancer. While micronutrients, especially those involved in maintaining DNA integrity and regulating gene expression, may be protective, research on this association is limited. This report aimed to investigate associations of total folate, 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate (5‐mTHF) and vitamin B12 with incident risk of lung cancer, and whether the associations vary by smoking status. A nested case‐control study with 490 incident lung cancer cases and 490 controls matched by age (±1 year), sex, residence, and center, drawn from a community‐based prospective study in China, was conducted from 2016 to 2019. 5‐mTHF accounted for the majority of total folate. Only 4.4% had detectable unmetabolized folic acid. Lung cancer cases had lower levels of 5‐mTHF compared to controls. There was an inverse, nonlinear association between 5‐mTHF and lung cancer, which persisted after adjustment for covariables (P for trend = .001). Compared to the lowest 5‐mTHF quartile, those in higher quartiles had lower risks of lung cancer: second quartile OR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.45‐0.93; third quartile OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.34‐0.74; fourth quartile OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38‐0.83. This inverse association was more pronounced among ever smokers; consistently, the highest risk of lung cancer (OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.97‐5.24) was observed among ever smokers with low 5‐mTHF levels compared to participants who never smoked and had higher 5‐mTHF levels. Vitamin B12 was not associated with lung cancer risk. In this sample of Chinese adults without confounding by unmetabolized folic acid, higher levels of 5‐mTHF were associated with lower risk of incident lung cancer.
Per1 mutation enhances masking responses in mice

ABSTRACT Light can restrict the activity of an animal to a diurnal or nocturnal niche by synchronizing its endogenous clock (entrainment) which controls the sleep wake cycle. Light can also directly change an animal’s activity level (masking). In mice, high illumination levels decrease activity, i.e. negative masking occurs. To investigate the role of core circadian clock genes Per1 and Per2 in masking, we used a 5-day behavioral masking protocol consisting of 3 h pulses of light given in the night at various illuminances (4–5 lux, 20 lux and 200 lux). Mice lacking the Per1 gene had decreased locomotion in the presence of a light pulse compared to wild-type, Per2 and Per1 Per2 double mutant mice. Per2 single mutant and Per1 Per2 double mutant mice did not show significantly different masking responses compared to wild-type controls. This suggests that Per1 suppresses negative masking responses in mice.
Homological and homotopical constructions for functors on ordered groupoids

The main topic of this thesis is the generalization to ordered groupoids of some results and constructions that have arisen in groupoid theory and its applications in homological and homotopical algebra. We study fibrations of ordered groupoids, and show that the covering homotopy property and star-surjectivity are not equivalent properties. We establish some formal properties of functors having these properties, and define a new quotient construction for ordered groupoids that leads to a factorization of any functor of ordered groupoids as a star-surjective followed by a star-injective functor. We give a direct proof of Ehresmann’s Maximum Enlargement Theorem. Coupled with our quotient construction, The Maximum Enlargement Theorem gives a universal factorization of any functor of ordered groupoids as a fibration followed by an enlargement followed by a covering. We construct the mapping cocylinder M of an ordered functor φ : G → H , and show directly that the morphismM → H has the covering homotopy property. We construct the derived module Dθ of an ordered functor and use it to study two adjoint functors between the category of ordered crossed complexes and the category of ordered chain complexes. Finally, we consider the groupoid of derivations of crossed modules of groups and of ordered groupoids, and in the latter case we use semiregular crossed modules to derive results on homotopies and endomorphisms.
Self-protection of massive cosmological gravitons

Relevant deformations of gravity present an exciting window of opportunity to probe the rigidity of gravity on cosmological scales. For a single-graviton theory, the leading relevant deformation constitutes a graviton mass term. In this paper, we investigate the classical and quantum stability of massive cosmological gravitons on generic Friedman backgrounds. For a Universe expanding towards a de Sitter epoch, we find that massive cosmological gravitons are self-protected against unitarity violations by a strong coupling phenomenon.
Relativistic expansion of a magnetized fluid

We study semi-analytical time-dependent solutions of the relativistic MHD equations for the fields and the fluid emerging from a spherical source. We assume uniform expansion of the field and the fluid and a polytropic relation between the density and the pressure of the fluid. The expansion velocity is small near the base but approaches the speed of light at the light sphere where the flux terminates. We find self-consistent solutions for the density and the magnetic flux. The details of the solution depend on the ratio of the toroidal and the poloidal magnetic field, the ratio of the energy carried by the fluid and the electromagnetic field and the maximum velocity it reaches.
Facilitating Mental Health Treatment Through Proactive Screening and Concierge Services in the Workplace

A proactive employer-sponsored mental health program facilitated linkage to mental health services and prescription medications among participants who connected with a care concierge. Objective The aim of this study is to determine if a proactive employer-sponsored mental health program closed gaps in detection and treatment of mental health conditions. Methods Of n = 56,442 eligible, n = 8170 (14.5%) participated in the optional screening. Participants with mental health risk were offered care concierge services including support, care planning, and connection to care. Difference in behavioral health care utilization, diagnoses, and prescriptions were evaluated postintervention through claims analysis. Results Compared with controls (n = 2433), those receiving concierge services (n = 369) were more likely to fill mental health prescriptions (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 1.2; 1.0–1.5; P = 0.042), use professional mental health services (adjusted HR, 1.4; 1.1–1.8; P = 0.02), and use new mental health services (adjusted HR, 1.9; 1.2–2.8; P = 0.004) in the following 6 months. Conclusions This proactive mental health program with care concierge services identified risk, connected individuals to mental health care, and facilitated mental health treatment, among program participants.
Output squeezed radiation from dispersive ultrastrong light-matter coupling

We investigate the output generation of squeezed radiation of a cavity photon mode coupled to another off-resonant bosonic excitation. By modulating in time their linear interaction, we predict high degree of output squeezing when the dispersive ultrastrong coupling regime is achieved, i.e., when the interaction rate becomes comparable to the frequency of the lowest energy mode. Our work paves the way to squeezed light generation in frequency domains where the ultrastrong coupling is obtained, e.g., solid-state resonators in the GHz, THz and mid-IR spectral range.