Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Success Rate of Volume Based Feeding in Intensive Care Unit, An Observational Study

1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum Email: vk_sureshkumar@yahoo.co.in, Mob: 9846644468 2 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum Email: deepak.v@kimsglobal.com, Mob: 9895223210 3 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum Email: raamrocks24.7@gmail.com, Mob: 9966309982 4 Department of Clinical Nutrition, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum Email: dietary.tvm@kimsglobal.com, Mob: 7012704147 Abstract Background: Administration of early enteral feeding in critically ill patients was shown to improve outcome. However achieving target calorie and protein is found to be sub optimal in a proportion of critically ill patients. Fixed rate feeding and frequent feed interruptions for interventions are a major contributing factor for suboptimal energy and protein delivery. However volume based feeding in which target volume delivered over a given time with adjustable infusion rate is recommended by American Society of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition. In this study we tried to find out the success rate of volume based feeding. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Proportion of feed days in which more than 80 % feed volume achieved was the primary objective and proportion of feed days in which more than 80 % calorie and protein achieved was the secondary objective. A volume based feeding protocol was implemented in the unit. Patients were followed up until they were transferred out from intensive care unit or until tube feeding stopped. Daily feed volume, calorie and protein achieved were audited. Results: More than 80% prescribed volume, calorie and protein were delivered in 95%, 85.7% and 56.12% of enteral nutrition days respectively. In 98.7% of enteral nutrition days volume based feed is tolerated without any adverse events. Conclusions: Volume based feed is safe and with prompt training of staff in delivering volume feeds, adequate nutrition can be delivered for patients in case of any interruption of feed.
Case Report of Two Cases on Effect of Combined Bee Venom and CS Pharmacopuncture with Koream Medicine Treatment on HIVD of L-spine

Objective : This case study reports the therapeutic effect of Korean Medicine (KM) treatments including CS(care special pain) and BV(bee venom) pharmacopuncture on herniated intervertebral disc(HIVD) of lumbar spine(L-spine). Methods : Two patients diagnosed with HIVD of L-spine were treated with CS and BV pharmacopuncture on GV3 and EX-B2, acupuncture, cupping, and herbal medicine. The Numeric Rating Scale(NRS), the Oswestry low back pain Disablility Index(ODI) and the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire(RMDQ) scores were evaluated before and after treatment for comparison. Results : Low back pain(LBP) and radiating pain was improved with a decrease in patients' NRS, ODI and RMDQ scores. Conclusion : These results suggest that KM treatments including combined CS and BV pharmacopuncture could be an effective treatment on patients with HIVD of L-Spine.
Reading Tea Leaves: How Humans Interpret Topic Models

Probabilistic topic models are a popular tool for the unsupervised analysis of text, providing both a predictive model of future text and a latent topic representation of the corpus. Practitioners typically assume that the latent space is semantically meaningful. It is used to check models, summarize the corpus, and guide exploration of its contents. However, whether the latent space is interpretable is in need of quantitative evaluation. In this paper, we present new quantitative methods for measuring semantic meaning in inferred topics. We back these measures with large-scale user studies, showing that they capture aspects of the model that are undetected by previous measures of model quality based on held-out likelihood. Surprisingly, topic models which perform better on held-out likelihood may infer less semantically meaningful topics.
The Influence of Enjoyment of Web Experience and Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence on The Hedonic Consumer Lifestyle

The lifestyle of shopping in the era of e-commerce is now an interesting phenomenon. This research aimed to prove the effect of enjoyment of web experience and susceptibility to interpersonal influence on the hedonic consumer lifestyle. The validity test of the instrument used the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) method and research data analysis techniques used multiple regression analysis. Activity Interest Opinion (AIO) was used to retrieve the hedonic consumer lifestyle variable data (Kwan et al. 2008). Enjoyment of Web Experiences Scale developed by Lin et al. (2008) is used to retrieve data from the Enjoyment of web experience. Susceptibility to interpersonal influence data uses a SUSCEP scale measuring tool developed by Park and Lessig (1977). Data analysis proved that there was a significant influence of enjoyment of web experience and susceptibility to interpersonal influence on the hedonic consumer lifestyle. The proportion of all independent variable variants namely engagement, positive affect, fulfillment, normative influence and informational influence on the hedonic consumer lifestyle was 11.7% while the remaining 88.3% is influenced by other variables out of this study. The minor hypothesis test found that only one significant regression coefficient was fulfillment, meant that the fulfillment variable had a significant effect on the hedonic consumer lifestyle. While other variables, namely engagement, positive affect, normative influence, and informational influence, did not influence significantly the hedonic consumer lifestyle.
Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma, a Difficult Pathological Entity to Diagnose Pre-Operatively-Review of Literature

Philipsen and Reichart classified ameloblastomas (AM) into 4 subtypes, according to their clinical and biological behavior: intraosseous (solid/multicystic), extraosseous, unicystic, and desmoplastic. Histopathologically, conventional ameloblastoma subdivided into 6 subtypes, plexiform, follicular, granular cell, acanthomatous, basaloid and desmoplastic ameloblastoma. According to the literature desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is a rare variant of ameloblastoma. It was first described by Eversole et al, in 1984 as an “ameloblastoma with pronounced desmoplasia” and later on it was further reviewed by Wardlon and El-Mofty et al, in 1987 and by Reichart et al, in 1995. In 2005 the World Health Organization declared DA as a distinct clinic-pathological entity. DA reportedly has a site predilection for the anterior regions of the jaw unlike other Ameloblastoma. Its unique radiographic appearance is that of a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion unlike the strictly radiolucent quality of other ameloblastomas. In spite of the several scientific literatures, the true biologic profile of DA is still not well understood.
Preliminary Outcomes of a Computerized CBT/MET Intervention for Depressed Cannabis Users in Psychiatry Care

Although depression is common among cannabis users, there is a paucity of targeted interventions addressing depression and cannabis use disorders concurrently. In the present pilot study, we examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a computer-assisted intervention combining cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational enhancement therapy (MET) techniques for adults with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) presenting for care in a psychiatric setting. Adults with MDD and CUD (N=26) recruited from mental health care settings were enrolled in a 10-week, computer-assisted psychosocial intervention: Self-Help for Alcohol and other Drug Use and Depression (SHADE). Feasibility, acceptability, perceived helpfulness, treatment retention, completion, and clinical outcomes including cannabis use and depression were assessed. Participants found the SHADE intervention to be acceptable and helpful in facilitating action towards their therapeutic goals concerning depression and cannabis use. Treatment completion, achieved by the majority (85%) of participants, was excellent. On average, participants reduced their past 30 day cannabis use from baseline (mean percentage of days using = 69%) to follow-up (M=44%) (t(22)= 2.3, p<0.05; Effect Size= 0.79). Concurrently, they evidenced reductions in depressive symptom severity, from the moderately severe range at baseline to the mild range at follow-up (t(24)=7.3, p<0.001; Effect Size=1.52). Addressing comorbid CUD and MDD using a computer-assisted, evidence-based treatment strategy is feasible in a psychiatric care setting, and may produce improvements in both depressive symptoms and cannabis use.
NEW OPENSEES MODELS FOR SIMULATION OF NONLINER FLEXURAL AND SHEAR-FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF RC WALLS AND COLUMNS

Existing approaches used to model the lateral load versus deformation responses of reinforced concrete (RC) members typically assume uncoupled axial/flexural and shear responses. A novel analytical model that captures interaction between axial/flexural and shear behavior in RC walls and columns under reversed-cyclic loading conditions has been developed and implemented into the computational platform OpenSees. The proposed modeling approach incorporates RC panel behavior described with a constitutive fixed-strut-angle panel model into a two-dimensional Multiple-Vertical-Line-Element-Model (MVLEM) formulation. This paper describes new classes added to the existing OpenSees library including: 1) baseline MVLEM element with uncoupled axial/flexural and shear behavior, 2) Shear-Flexure-Interaction MVLEM (SFI-MVLEM) element, 3) 2-D RC panel model based on the fixed-strut-angle approach, 4) uniaxial material model for concrete, and 5) uniaxial material model for steel. In addition, validation of the analytical models for quasi-static analysis of: i) RC column specimen using the SFI-MVLEM, ii) a relatively slender RC wall specimen with flexure-dominated response using the MVLEM, and iii) a moderate-aspect-ratio RC wall specimen with flexure-shear dominated response using the SFIMVLEM, are presented. Response comparisons reveal that the implemented analytical models capture well the experimentally-measured behavior of RC structural walls and columns. Based on the comparisons presented, model capabilities are assessed and potential model improvements are identified.
SENSITIVITY OF SYNTHETIC SEISMOGRAMS FOR DIFFERENT SEISMIC SCENARIOS IN NORTH CHILE

This research studies the sensitivity of spectral response values to various physical earthquake scenario parameters, the latter used to generate synthetic low frequency seismograms in North Chile. Ten earthquake scenarios have been defined using seed information from the slip model of the 2010, Maule earthquake, and different physically plausible interplate locking models in the region. Firstly, the Maule 2010 finite fault rupture model was resituated in the existing seismic gap in north Chile using a curved geometry according to the Slab 1.0 model. From this seed model, one synthetic scenario with constant moment magnitude Mw 8.8 was generated with the same slip distribution as the original 2010 slip model. Three other models with variations in the slip distribution were considered. In addition, three physically plausible fault rupture models based on previous studies of interplate locking were used. Each of these scenarios was capable of generating Mw 8.2 – 8.4 earthquakes with a maximum slip of 7.5 m, approximately. Patches of major slip were located along the coast line approximately in front of the cities of Arica, Iquique, and Tocopilla, respectively. Also, three additional scenarios with moment magnitudes in the range Mw 8.5 – 8.7 were built by connecting these physical scenarios into larger rupture areas. These combined interplate locking models represented the activation of two or more asperities, similar to the experience of the 2010 Maule earthquake. Using these scenarios we built low frequency synthetic seismograms at four control sites: Arica, Iquique, Tocopilla, and Calama. The sensitivity of these results was studied by deterministic analyses on some key rupture parameters, such as mean rupture velocity and slip rise-time. Sensitivity analysis used peak ground displacement (PGD) and acceleration (PGA), pseudo-acceleration spectra, Sa, and displacement spectra, Sd. The range of values considered for mean rupture velocity was vr = 2.2-3.0 km/s. Four points were considered in the vicinity of each specified velocity to compute sensitivities. First and second order derivatives of PGD, PGA, Sd, and Sa relative to the source parameters were then used to build a Taylor series expansion to predict PGD, Sa and Sd as a function of vr. This allows to consider uncertainty in this parameter and propagate such uncertainty into spectral response values. An analogous procedure was considered for rise-time tr in the range from 2 to 10s.
A Study to Assess The Efficacy of Balloon Angioplasty of The femoropopliteal Arteries in The Relief of Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of femoropopliteal arteries in patients with critical lower limb ischemia; Materials and methods: From June 2006 till May 2008, 40 patients underwent 40 PTA procedures, 18 were of the superficial femoral artery (SFA), 7 of the popliteal artery, 9 of both arteries and 6 of the common femoral artery (CFA). Twenty-nine procedures were performed for treatment of stenoses and 11 for occlusion. The patients were monitored clinically with non-invasive hemodynamic studies. Results: The technical success rate was 97.5%. Overall primary patency rates at 24 months were 67.5%. Primary patency rates in limbs with occlusion were 45.5% compared with 75.9 in limbs with stenoses. Two major amputations were performed. The overall survival rate was 95%. Conclusion: The 2 years results of femoropopliteal PTA performed for treatment of CLI seemed to be near the results of infrainguinal bypass grafting reported in literature. Because PTA does not preclude the performance of future surgery and associated with low morbidity and mortality rates, it should be a first choice treatment for patients with CLI for selected lesions.
Steadfastness to Memorize The Koran Viewed from Self-Efficacy, Self-Control, and Self-Management

Previous study have shown that self-efficacy, self-control, and selfmanagement are important with steadfastness character for someone who memorize the Koran. This study aims to examine the theoretical model between the four variables, the effect of self-efficacy on steadfastness and self-control also selfmanagement as a moderator variable. Respondents in this study were 304 Koran reciters in the age range of 13 to 40 years in Indonesia. The scale used in this study consisted of two adaptation scales from the General Self-Efficacy Scale with α value of 0.813 and the Self-Control and Self-Management Scale with α value of 0.829. While one other scale called Steadfastness Scale in the Koran Memorization was made referring to Mujib's theory with α value of 0.849. Data analysis was performed by analyzing structural equation modeling technique with path analysis and using AMOS version 20.00 for Windows. The results of the study showed that this theoretical model is proven through the values of CFI and TLI that meet the standards. Indirectly, self-control and self-management can be a moderator variable for self-efficacy and steadfastness.
Online Markov Decision Processes Under Bandit Feedback

We consider online learning in finite stochastic Markovian environments where in each time step a new reward function is chosen by an oblivious adversary. The goal of the learning agent is to compete with the best stationary policy in hindsight in terms of the total reward received. Specifically, in each time step the agent observes the current state and the reward associated with the last transition, however, the agent does not observe the rewards associated with other state-action pairs. The agent is assumed to know the transition probabilities. The state of the art result for this setting is an algorithm with an expected regret of O(T2/3lnT). In this paper, assuming that stationary policies mix uniformly fast, we show that after T time steps, the expected regret of this algorithm (more precisely, a slightly modified version thereof) is O(T1/2lnT), giving the first rigorously proven, essentially tight regret bound for the problem.
TorusDesktop: pointing via the backdoor is sometimes shorter

When pointing to a target on a computer desktop, we may think we are taking the shortest possible path. But new shortcuts become possible if we allow the mouse cursor to jump from one edge of the screen to the opposite one, i.e., if we turn the desktop into a torus. We discuss the design of TORUSDESKTOP, a pointing technique that allows to wrap the cursor around screen edges to open this pointing backdoor. A dead zone and an off-screen cursor feedback make the technique more usable and more compatible with everyday desktop usage. We report on three controlled experiments conducted to refine the design of the technique and evaluate its performance. The results suggest clear benefits of using the backdoor when target distance is more than 80% the screen size in our experimental conditions.
The Factors Influencing the Risk of Perforation in Patients with Peptic Ulcers: A Cross-Sectional Study from Central Iraq

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors that influence the perforation, regardless of the presence of H. pylori infection, in a sample of Iraqi patients with peptic ulcers, admitted to Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital. A total of 90 patients who had perforated peptic ulcer participated in this study. The diagnosis was based on history, clinical examination, laboratory and radiological investigations and was confirmed intraoperatively. A number of probable risk factors for perforation were investigated. Eighty participants were males and 10 were females (male to female ratio 8:1). About 42.2% of patients were in their fifth decade of life. Forty-nine (54.4%) patients were asymptomatic before perforation occurred. Among the risk factors, smoking (66.7%), stress (60%) and blood group A (53.3%) play a significant risk for the occurrence of perforation. We concluded that smoking, stress, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and to a lesser extent fasting and blood group A, play a major role as risk factors for the occurrence of peptic ulcer perforation. Other factors seem to play a minor role in this respect.
EFFECT OF GRAPHENE NANOFLAKES ON THE STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE

ii Acknowledgments . iii Dedication . iv List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii 1 Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) . 1 1.2 Graphite . 2 1.3 Research background . 3 2 Chapter 2: Experimental methods . 5 2.1 Materials . 5 2.2 Injection Molding . 5 2.3 X-ray Diffraction . 7 2.4 Raman spectroscopy . 9 2.5 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy . 10
Primary Cilia in the Bovine Mammary Gland: Characterising Ciliary Distribution and Morphology During Lactation and Involution

ii Preface . iv List of Figures . viii List of Tables . ix Abbreviations . x Chapter 1 Introduction . 1 1.1 Overview . 1 1.2 Features of the lactating mammary gland . 2 1.2.1 Alveoli and ducts . 2 1.2.2 Secretory epithelial cells . 3 1.2. 3 Myoepithelial cells . 5 1.2. 4 Stromal tissue . 6 1.3. Mammary development and alveolar differentiation . 7 1.3.1 Early mammary growth and branching morphogenesis . 7 1.3.2 Mammary cell differentiation . 8 1.4 Regulation of milk production . 10 1.4.1 Endocrine regulation . 10 1.4.2 Local mammary regulation . 12 1.5 Mammary involution . 13 1.5. 1 Histological observations during involution . 14 1.5. 2 Gene transcription during involution . 15 1.5. 3 Proliferation, apoptosis and cell removal . 15 1.5. 4 Involution associated tissue remodelling . 18 1.5. 5 Immune responses to involution . 19 1.5. 6 Regulatory aspects of involution. 19 1.6 Primary cilia . 21 1.6. 1 Structure and attributes of the primary cilium . 21 1.6. 2 Assembly and disassembly of the primary cilium . 22 1.6. 3 Sensory functions . 24 1.6. 4 Signal transduction pathways mediated within primary cilia . 26 1.6. 5 Pathologies related to ciliary dysfunction . 28 1.7 Primary cilia in mammary tissue . 30 1.8 Aims of the research . 32 Chapter 2 – Materials and Methods. 34 vii 2.1 Histological analysis . 34 2.2 Fluorescent immunohistochemical procedures . 36 2.2.1 Optimisation of double-immunofluorescence primary cilia detection . 36 2.2.2 Immunofluorescent detection of primary cilia . 40 2.2. 3 Confocal imaging and analysis of primary cilia . 41 Chapter 3 – Results . 44 3.1 Analysis of H&E-stained time-course slides . 44 3.1.1 Qualitative histology assessment . 44 3.1.2 Semi-quantitative analysis . 53 3.2 Immunofluorescent identification of primary cilia components . 56 3.2.1 Confocal imaging of primary cilia in mammary tissue . 56 3.2.2 Primary cilia in myoepithelial cells . 63 3.3 Primary cilia analysis . 69 3.3.1 Primary cilium length . 69 3.3.2 Primary cilium morphology and orientation . 70 3.3.3 Examples of bent and deflected primary cilia . 70 3.3. 4 Primary cilia orientations in luminal SECs . 73 3.3. 5 Primary cilia orientations in myoepithelial cells . 75 3.3. 6 Primary cilia in stromal fibroblasts . 76 3.3. 7 Ciliary incidence in mammary alveoli during active lactation . 77 Chapter 4 – Discussion . 79 4.1 Lactating and involuting bovine mammary tissue . 80 4.1.1 Cellular and tissue changes following the abrupt cessation of milking . 80 4.1.2 Primary cilia in luminal secretory epithelial cells . 82 4.1.3 Primary cilia in myoepithelial cells . 84 4.1.4 Primary cilia in stromal fibroblasts . 85 4.1.5 Ciliary incidence in lactating mammary alveoli . 85 4.1.6 Fluorescent immuno-detection procedure considerations . 87 4.1.7 Comparisons with existing findings . 87 4.2 Interpretations of the present findings . 89 4.3 Future Research directions . 99 4.4 Conclusions . 102 References . 104
Lived Experiences of Obstetric Fistula Survivors in Africa:A Systematic Literature Review

Obstetric fistula (OF), a hole connecting bladder or rectum to the vagina, is common in Sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the plight of women living with OF helps policy makers in formulating appropriate intervention programs for affected women. This paper aims to identify, critically evaluate and integrate findings of studies done in Africa. A systematic literature review was conducted. Online literature search fordocumentation of experiences of women affected by OF was conducted from EBSCOHOST (MEDLINE) and HINARI. Websites for the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Population Fund (UNFPA) and Women and Health Alliance International (WAHA) were also searched.Majority of articles (16 out of 17) for this review showed that women affected by OF suffer physical, social, emotional, economical and psychological negative consequences from the fistula problem. However, there is one study which had totally divergent views from all observations of the other sixteen studies. It noted that women living with OF continue with their lives normally in all aspects and that researchers concluded their preconceived assumptions on the difficulties faced by OF survivors. Of the seventeen studies included in this review, only one was done in Zimbabwe.This review concluded that women affected by OF face emotional, physical, psychological and economic difficulties. Considering divergent views of one of the studies, it is recommended that more researchers from outside Africa conduct similar studies for comparison. This paper also recommends experiences of OF survivors in Zimbabwe to be documented extensively to provide guidance on programming.