Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between Productive Roles and Frailty Factors among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

The employment rate of older people in Japan is expected to increase in the future owing to the increase in the retirement age. Preventing frailty is imperative to maintaining productive roles of older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between productive roles and frailty factors among community-dwelling older adults. A total of 135 older adults, enrolled in 2017, participated in the study. Productive roles and domains related to frailty were measured. We measured usual gait speed and grip strength for the physical domain; Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) scores for the cognitive and mental domains; and social role and group activity for the social domain. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models revealed that having productive roles was associated with faster usual gait speed (odds ratios [OR] = 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.08; p = 0.005) and lower GDS-15 score (OR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.97; p = 0.023). These results suggest that health promotion to maintain gait speed and prevent depressive symptoms may contribute to maintaining productivity in community-dwelling older adults.
Hate-motivated Crime/Incidents Against Asians in the United States of America: A Systematic Review

Although hate-motivated incidents and crimes against Asians are not a new phenomenon, there has been a lack of scholarly attention on the topic. Using a systematic review, we examine, assess, and analyze 23 published peer-reviewed articles that have explored hate-motivated crime/incidents against Asians in the United States of America between 2000 and 2020. We found all studies included in this systematic review examined microaggressions and/or discrimination, and tended to lump all different Asian subgroups into “Asians. ” In addition, most studies focused on the consequences of hate-motivated incidents, such as mental and physical health. We suggest a future research agenda and direction that fills the gap in scholarly journal articles on Asian hate-motivated incidents in the United States.
Lattice QCD study of octet hyperon semi-leptonic decays

We present a calculation of vector and axial-vector form factors for each of the octet hyperon semi-leptonic transition matrix elements by using the techniques of lattice QCD where simulations were performed with Nf = 2 + 1 flavours of dynamical O(a)-improved Wilson fermions. We also study the electromagnetic form factors, axial charges and other properties of octet baryons. Errors due to extrapolation to zero transferred momentum are reduced by applying a twist to the boundary conditions on the lattice. Our form factor results compare favourably with experiment and other lattice QCD determinations. By considering an expansion about the SU(3)-flavour symmetric limit we seek to investigate and quantify the symmetry breaking effects in these matrix elements due to the mass splitting between the strange and light quarks. We find good agreement with the Ademollo-Gatto theorem for the vector form factor, a measurable amount of breaking in the axial-vector form factor and significant effects in the weak magnetism form factor. Knowledge of the parameterisation of SU(3)-flavour symmetry breaking allows for a series of constrained fits to be made to the form factor results which are used to arrive at a ‘baryonic’ estimation of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vus|.
Improving Branch-and-Price Algorithms and Applying Them to Stochastic Programs

Abstract : The first phase of this research demonstrates improvements in the performance of branch-and-price algorithms (BP and, some problems that could not be solved by standard branch and bound on the standard model formulation have become easy. In the second phase, this research shows how to solve a class of difficult, stochastic mixed-integer programs using BP i.e., for deterministic problems. B&P also solves SFLP exactly when random parameters are modeled through certain continuous probability distributions. In practice, these problems solve more quickly than comparable scenario-based problems.
Electrical properties, texture, and microstructure of vicinal YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films

Vicinal YBa2Cu3O7? (YBCO) thin films of thickness h = 20–480? nm are grown by pulsed-laser deposition on 10° miscut (001) SrTiO3 substrates. The anisotropic resistivities, c-axis texture, and critical temperature drastically depend on the thickness of vicinal films. High-resolution electron microscopy reveals a defect microstructure with strong bending of the YBCO lattice near the SrTiO3 interface and improved film microstructure at larger distances to the substrate. The required layer thickness for microstructure relaxation and increase of electrical conductivity are significantly larger than the critical thickness of c-axis oriented YBCO films.
The use of isotretinoin in acne therapy in early childhood and its effect on the occurrence of acne symptoms later in life. Eight-year follow-up

Introduction Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous follicles that affects patients of all ages. Aim Use of isotretinoin in the early stages of the disease to prevent subsequent lesions of acne, including prolonged treatment and acne scars at a later age. Material and methods A retrospective, comparative study was carried between January 2010 and November 2018. The study population consisted of 90 children aged 9–18 years with acne. During treatment by isotretinoin the clinical evaluation was done every month. Patients were divided into three groups according to age. One of the qualification criteria was follow-up visits. Results A total of 90 children (67.8% females; mean age: 13.5 years) were enrolled. In group A (30 individuals – aged 9–11) and B (30 individuals – aged 12–13), treatment was terminated 2 months after clinical improvement (mean: 3 months). In control group C (30 individuals – aged 14–18), treatment was carried out using average cumulative dose 135 mg/kg bw/day. All groups showed up for follow-up. after 1 to 8 years. In groups A and B, 13 people underwent a second acne treatment; in 3.33% oral isotretinoin was used, in 18.33% topical treatment. In group C, 30 (100%) individuals underwent a second acne treatment; in 20% oral isotretinoin was used, and 80% required a topical treatment. Acne scars and post acne hyperpigmentation have been documented in 73.33% in group C. Conclusions Early, reasonable and short-term use of isotretinoin can reduce the incidence of acne in the future and reduce the occurrence of secondary acne symptoms.
Information Asymmetry, Institutional Ownership, Related Party Transactions and The Board Size to Real Earnings Management

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between information asymmetry, institutional ownership, related party transactions and the board size on real earnings management. This research was conducted because there are still inconsistencies in the results of previous studies. Research Method – This study uses a sample of manufacturing companies listed on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) in the period 2018-2020. The sample in this study was obtained using purposive sampling method. There are 213 data that meet the sample selection criteria. As for testing the hypothesis of this study using multiple regression analysis. Findings – The results of this study indicate that information asymmetry, institutional ownership and related party transactions have a positive effect on real earnings management. Meanwhile, the board size has no relationship to real earnings management. Implication – The implication of this research is to provide additional perspective on the positive effect of information asymmetry, institutional ownership and (RPT) related party transactions on real earnings management. The high level of information asymmetry, institutional ownership and related party transactions will encourage real earnings management. In addition, the implications of this study for financial statements user, especially to decisions making for investors, are to pay attention to and consider factors that can affect real earnings management such as the high level of information asymmetry, institutional ownership and the related party transactions size.
The Appraisal of Self-Care Agency Scale-Revised (ASAS-R): Reliability and Validity among Portuguese Medical Students

Self-care agency plays an important role in an individual’s health. Considering the particularities of their education, it can be a protective factor for the mental health of medical students. This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale-Revised (ASAS-R) in Portuguese medical students. A cross-sectional, quantitative, and analytical online study was conducted between 23 April 2021, and 15 July 2021. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to test the internal structure of the ASAS-R. Correlations with the SHS (Subjective Happiness Scale), SWLS (Satisfaction with Life Scale), and MHI (Mental Health Inventory) were calculated using Pearson’s coefficient so as to test convergent validity. Internal consistency was evaluated using inter-item correlation, corrected item-total correlation, and Cronbach’s alpha. The total sample included 781 individuals. EFA yielded a 3-factor solution accounting for 53.9% of the explained variance. Pearson’s coefficients obtained between the 3 factors of ASAS-R and the total scores of the 3 construct-related scales demonstrated adequate convergent validity. Total Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.85, while the Cronbach’s alpha of the three factors was 0.81, 0.55, and 0.83, respectively. This study demonstrated that ASAS-R is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring self-care agency among Portuguese medical students.
Defining and Predicting Consumers Bread Choices based on Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Healthy Living Orientations

The bread still constitutes an essential part of meeting the daily nutritional requirement. The primary purpose of this study is to examine the socio-demographic characteristics of individuals and their bread consumption preferences and perceptions with a focus on quality and healthy life. The data are obtained digitally with 9583 consumers from survey questions created on google form throughout Turkey throughout the year 2020. First, descriptive statistics of the answers to the comprehensive survey questions are revealed. Then, correlation analysis is conducted to show the relationships between the variables, in line with each sub-objective set up under the primary purpose. Finally, by using some data mining and machine learning algorithms, it is tried to reveal future expectations based on some main determinant parameters such as health and quality expectation for bread consumption of consumers. All statistical and inferential evaluations are made using the Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) analytics platform. The findings discover that increasing income and education level in bread consumption improves the level of awareness about health and quality of life in people, and these attitudes and perceptions bring about a proportional decrease in bread consumption of individuals. On the other hand, as a vicious circle, it reveals that the sedentary life brought by work-life in modern society causes an increase in body weight and an unhealthy living ecosystem. This study, it is tried to define and predict the behavioral attitudes of consumers toward bread consumption. The findings can offer meaningful advice to all actors and political decision-makers involved in the bread market and supply chain and consumers.
Orbital evolution of the Carina dwarf galaxy and self-consistent determination of star formation history

We present a new study of the evolution of the Carina dwarf galaxy that includes a simultaneous derivation of its orbit and star formation history. The structure of the galaxy is constrained through orbital parameters derived from the observed distance, proper motions, radial velocity, and star formation history. The different orbits admitted by the large proper motion errors are investigated in relation to the tidal force exerted by an external potential representing the Milky Way. Our analysis is performed with the aid of fully consistent N-body simulations that are able to follow the dynamics and the stellar evolution of the dwarf system in order to determine the star formation history of Carina self-consistently. We also find a star formation history characterized by several bursts, partially matching the observational expectation. We find also compatible results between dynamical projected quantities and the observational constraints. The possibility of a past interaction between Carina and the Magellanic Clouds is also separately considered and deemed unlikely.
The Relationship Between Self Efficacy and Mother’s Experience in Assisting Adolescents Using Gadgets

Mother is the closest person to teenagers. In addition to caring, mothers also have the ability to supervise and assist teenagers in using gadgets. Self-efficacy is important in conducting supervision because it is a part of the cognitive competence. Tha purpose knowing the relationship between self-efficacy and mother's experience in assisting adolescents using gadgets. The research method uses quantitative research with 345 teenager mothers in public junior high schools in Denpasar. The result of the study is the most of the informants' mothers still had bad experiences, that is about 243 people (70.4%). The variables that have a significant effect on the dependent variable. DIII education increases the chance of 27 times (AOR = 27.54) the level of mother's efficacy in medium compared to other education. The results show that in general, most mothers still have low efficacy in terms of assisting early teenagerss who use gadgets before intervention. There is a significant positive relationship between mother's experience and mother's self-efficacy in assisting early teens who use gadgets. The suggestions that can be conveyed is Mothers are expected to be able to provide assistance to their children in the use of gadgets
Environmental DNA Metabarcoding: A Novel Contrivance for Documenting Terrestrial Biodiversity

Simple Summary The innovative concept of environmental DNA has found its foot in aquatic ecosystems but remains an unexplored area of research concerning terrestrial ecosystems. When making management choices, it is important to understand the rate of eDNA degradation, the persistence of DNA in terrestrial habitats, and the variables affecting eDNA detectability for a target species. Therefore an attempt has been made to provide comprehensive information regarding the exertion of eDNA in terrestrial ecosystems from 2012 to 2022. The information provided will assist ecologists, researchers and decision-makers in developing a holistic understanding of environmental DNA and its applicability as a biodiversity monitoring contrivance. Abstract The dearth of cardinal data on species presence, dispersion, abundance, and habitat prerequisites, besides the threats impeded by escalating human pressure has enormously affected biodiversity conservation. The innovative concept of eDNA, has been introduced as a way of overcoming many of the difficulties of rigorous conventional investigations, and is hence becoming a prominent and novel method for assessing biodiversity. Recently the demand for eDNA in ecology and conservation has expanded exceedingly, despite the lack of coordinated development in appreciation of its strengths and limitations. Therefore it is pertinent and indispensable to evaluate the extent and significance of eDNA-based investigations in terrestrial habitats and to classify and recognize the critical considerations that need to be accounted before using such an approach. Presented here is a brief review to summarize the prospects and constraints of utilizing eDNA in terrestrial ecosystems, which has not been explored and exploited in greater depth and detail in such ecosystems. Given these obstacles, we focused primarily on compiling the most current research findings from journals accessible in eDNA analysis that discuss terrestrial ecosystems (2012–2022). In the current evaluation, we also review advancements and limitations related to the eDNA technique.
Lack of Association between Epidermal Growth Factor or Its Receptor and Reflux Esophagitis, Barrett's Esophagus, and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Case-Control Study

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) gene-gene interactions were shown to increase the susceptibility to esophageal cancer. However, the role of the EGF/EGFR pathway in the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its complications (reflux esophagitis (RE), Barrett's esophagus (BE), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)) remains unclear. This association study is aimed at investigating functional EGF and EGFR gene polymorphisms, their mRNA expression in esophageal tissues, and EGF plasma levels in relation to RE, BE, and EAC development in the Central European population. 301 patients with RE/BE/EAC (cases) as well as 98 patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) and 8 healthy individuals (controls) were genotyped for +61 A>G EGF (rs4444903) and +142285 G>A EGFR (rs2227983) polymorphisms using the TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In random subgroups, the EGF and EGFR mRNA expressions were analyzed by reverse transcription qPCR in esophageal tissue with and without endoscopically visible pathological changes; and the EGF plasma levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. None of the genotyped SNPs nor EGF-EGFR genotype interactions were associated with RE, BE, or EAC development (p > 0.05). Moreover, mRNA expression of neither EGF nor EGFR differed between samples of the esophageal tissue with and without endoscopically visible pathology (p > 0.05) nor between samples from patients with different diagnoses, i.e., RE, BE, or EAC (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the lower EGF mRNA expression in carriers of combined genotypes AA +61 EGF (rs4444903) and GG +142285 EGFR (rs2227983; p < 0.05) suggests a possible direct/indirect effect of EGF-EGFR gene interactions on EGF gene expression. In conclusion, EGF and EGFR gene variants and their mRNA/protein expression were not associated with RE, BE or EAC development in the Central European population.
Predicting basin and landfalling hurricane numbers from sea surface temperature

We are building a hurricane number prediction scheme based on first predicting main development region sea surface temperature (SST), then predicting the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic basin given the SST prediction, and finally predicting the number of US landfalling hurricanes based on the prediction of the number of basin hurricanes. We have described a number of SST prediction methods in previous work. We now investigate the empirical relationship between SST and basin hurricane numbers, and put this together with the SST predictions to make predictions of both basin and landfalling hurricane numbers.
Utility of the Ratio between Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Activity and Total Nucleated Cell Counts in Effusions (LDH/TNCC Ratio) for the Diagnosis of Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

Simple Summary The concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the cavitary effusions from cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is high, as in other types of effusions, but the total nucleated cell count (TNCC) of the fluid is typically low in this disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that the LDH/TNCC ratio is higher in effusions from cats with FIP than in other effusions. To assess this hypothesis, the LDH/TNCC ratio recorded in 648 effusion of different types were classified based on the probability of FIP estimated through additional tests on fluids, blood or tissues. This approach confirmed that this ratio is higher in FIP effusions or with high probability of FIP. We provide some practical recommendation: when the laboratory receives and analyzes only the fluid, an LDH/TNCC ratio higher than 0.72 maximizes the possibility to correctly diagnose FIP (sensitivity and specificity of 79%). A ratio higher than 7.54 indicates a 6-fold higher probability to have FIP than another disease. Lower thresholds (0.54 and 2.27) have higher sensitivity and specificity (around 82%) respectively, or likelihood to have FIP (more than 10 times) when other changes consistent with FIP in blood or tissues are detected. Abstract Background: We tested the hypothesis that the ratio between lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and total nucleated cell counts (TNCC) in effusions may be useful to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Methods: LDH/TNCC ratio was retrospectively evaluated in 648 effusions grouped based on cytology and physicochemical analysis (step 1), on the probability of FIP estimated by additional tests on fluids (step 2) or on other biological samples (step 3, n = 471). Results of different steps were statistically compared. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were designed to assess whether the ratio identify the samples with FIP “probable/almost confirmed”. The cut-offs with the highest positive likelihood ratio (LR+) or Youden Index (YI) or with equal sensitivity and specificity were determined. Results: A high median LDH/TNCC ratio was found in FIP effusions (step1: 2.01) and with probable or almost confirmed FIP (step 2: 1.99; 2.20 respectively; step 3: 1.26; 2.30 respectively). The optimal cut-offs were 7.54 (LR+ 6.58), 0.62 (IY 0.67, sensitivity: 89.1%; specificity 77.7%), 0.72 (sensitivity and specificity: 79.2%) in step 2 and 2.27 (LR+ 10.39), 0.62 (IY 0.65, sensitivity: 82.1%; specificity 83.0%), 0.54 (sensitivity: 82.1%; specificity 81.9%) in step 3. Conclusions: a high LDH/TNCC ratio support a FIP diagnosis.
Danish-English Bilinguals’ Cognate Processing in L1 and L2 Visual Lexical Decision Tasks

Previous research and the BIA+ model support the hypothesis of language nonselective access during bilingual word recognition with language-ambiguous words like cognates organized in two distinct lexical representations. This paper adds to the existing literature by investigating how task demands and language proficiency influence cognate processing. Twenty-six Danish-English bilinguals with upper-intermediate to advanced L2 proficiencies performed four visual lexical decision tasks in which stimulus list composition (pure or mixed) and target language (L1 or L2) were varied. This study thus distinguishes itself from other studies by employing a within-subjects design to investigate a bilingual’s two languages. Significant cognate inhibition effects were found in the L2 mixed language condition while none of the other three tasks yielded significant results. Especially the absence of cognate facilitation effects in the L2 pure language condition was remarkable given the findings of previous literature. With reference to the BIA+ model’s assumptions of differing resting level activations for L1 and L2 lexical representations, the impact of L2 proficiency on cognate processing was tested in a post-hoc analysis dividing participants into two groups. This analysis revealed cognate facilitation effects for L2 upper-intermediate bilinguals in the L2 pure language condition while the results of the L1 tasks for both groups of bilinguals remained non-significant. The results therefore suggest that within-subject cognate processing is modulated by L2 proficiency in certain circumstances.