Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Return On Assets and Return On Equity To Earning Per Share and Price Book Value In Sub-Sectors of Construction Companies Listed In Indonesia Stock Exchange In 2015-2018

The purpose of the research is to analyze the effect of return on assets and return on equity on earnings per share and price book value in building construction sub sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2018. The population of this research was the building construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2015-2018. The sample used was 10 construction companies with a purposive sampling method. Data collection techniques used in the documentation were in the form of secondary data and library research. The analysis was using path analysis. It was revealed that the return on assets has a significant negative effect and return on equity have a significant positive effect on earnings per share. While return on equity has a significant positive effect and earnings per share has a significant negative impact on price book value. However, return on assets does not have a significant effect on price book value.
The Linear and Non-Linear Effects of Internal Control and Its Five Components on Corporate Innovation: Evidence from Chinese Firms Using the COSO Framework

This study examines the impact of internal control and its five components on corporate innovation using the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) framework with a sample of Chinese firms. The impact of the internal control system as a whole, as well as the impact of the five components of internal control individually (i.e. control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information & communication, and monitoring), are analyzed. Our results suggest that internal control, as an integrated system, has significant positive impact on firm innovation, as measured by patent applications. We document that the magnitude of impact on innovation varies across different subcategories (components) of internal control, with control environment, control activities, and information & communication components exhibiting stronger impacts on innovation than those of risk assessment and monitoring components. In addition, we find that a high level of control environment, control activities, and information & communication (risk assessment and monitoring) components have a stronger (weaker) impact on innovation compared to a low level.
Does the Process of Passive Forest Restoration Affect the Hydrophysical Attributes of the Soil Superficial Horizon?

There has been an increase in the area of secondary tropical forests in recent years due to forest restoration in degraded areas. Recent analyses suggest that the success of passive forest restoration is highly uncertain and needs to be better understood. This study aimed to investigate the behavior of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and some hydrophysical soil attributes between agricultural land uses, restored forests, and a degraded forest fragment. The areas evaluated are located in the municipality of Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil, under different types of land use: (i) two areas in the process of passive forest restoration: one of 18 and another of 42 years (NR18 and NR42); (ii) a degraded forest fragment (FFD); (iii) pasture (P), and (iv) sugarcane (SC). The hydraulic soil conductivity characterization was performed using the Beerkan method. Dry soil bulk density (BD), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (Mac), microporosity (Mic), penetration resistance (PR), mean aggregate diameter (MWD), and soil organic carbon (OC) were also determined. The comparative analysis of the hydrophysical attributes of the soil superficial horizon in agricultural land uses (P and SC), restored forests (NR18 and NR42), and a degraded forest (DFF) confirms that the recovery of soil hydrological functioning in ongoing forest restoration processes can be a relatively slow process. In addition, the intensity of previous land use leaves footprints that can affect passive restoration areas for decades after agriculture abandonment, increasing the time for the recovery of Ks and soil hydrophysical attributes.
Afforestation in barren laterite lands with Swietenia macrophylla G. King and plant growth promoting microbes

Barren laterite lands are available plenty in Kasargode District of Kerala, India and being used mainly for extracting laterite bricks for building construction. These lands are found barren due to lack of vegetation and rocky nature. Afforestation in these lands is very essential to avoid extraction of laterite bricks so as to prevent degradation of lands. To develop vegetation in these laterite lands the soil properties of laterite was examined as a first step of afforestation process. It was found that the soils have lack of plant growth promoting microbes (PGPM) and poor in major nutrients (N, P, K). Therefore, the PGPM specifically arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasciculatum and Glomus geosporum) and bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus megaterium) were used for afforestation in laterite lands along with Swietenia macrophylla G. King a commercially important tree of Kerala, India. The laterite soils were collected and used as potting media for growing seedlings of S. macrophylla in nursery and the cultured PGPM were inoculated in to the seedlings of S. macrophylla and maintained for 3 months. The PGPM inoculated seedlings showed improved growth, biomass and nutrient uptake. Thereafter the seedlings were transplanted at laterite lands at Karmanthodi, Bovikanam, Kasargode, Kerala, India and monitored their growth for 12 months. The seedlings inoculated with PGPM showed up to 98% survival rate with improved growth. From this study it was understood that PGPM have the potential to increase the efficiency of plant growth system in S. macrophylla seedlings through supply of essential levels of N, P and K that helped for successful afforestation in hardy laterite lands.
Reference‐free approach for mitigating human–machine conflicts in shared control of automated vehicles

: Shared control is a promising approach that can facilitate the mutual understanding and cooperative control between human and machine. In this study, a novel reference-free framework for shared control of automated vehicles is proposed with the aim of mitigating conflicts between the human driver and the automatic system during their interactions. Position constraint and time to collision are deployed to prevent collision and guarantee stability by limiting the yaw rate and sideslip angle of the vehicle. The design of the shared controller is formulated as a model predictive control problem. It determines vehicle state based on the current driver command and implements control actions only if the vehicle state induced by the human driver violates the pre-defined constraints. The system models, safety constraints and the proposed shared controller are then integrated. The algorithm is validated through computer simulation under two different driving scenarios. The simulation results show that the proposed reference-free approach can offer the human driver more degrees of freedom during shared control, effectively mitigating human–machine conflicts, compared to the previous work. In addition, the algorithm ensures the safety and stability of the system under risky driving conditions, validating its feasibility and effectiveness.
Did the Consumption Voucher Scheme Stimulate the Economy? Evidence from Smooth Time-Varying Cointegration Analysis

Background: The stimulus coupon plan is one of the economic relief plans used to boost Taiwan’s slumping economy in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. In order to obtain prior information to understand whether or not the stimulus coupon plan would effectively revive the economy in advance, the purpose of this study is to learn lessons from Taiwan’s consumption voucher scheme initiated during the 2007–2009 global financial crisis through evaluating the effect of the consumption voucher scheme on private consumption expenditure. Methods: The smooth time-varying cointegration analysis was applied to estimate the income elasticity of consumption, indicating the individual’s reaction to consumption vouchers in terms of private consumption expenditure, and then the multiple structural change model was estimated to identify endogenous regime changes of the income elasticity of consumption. Results: We found that the income elasticity of consumption dramatically decreased after 2007Q1, a period that covered the subprime mortgage crisis in 2007–2009 and the time of issuance of the consumption vouchers in 2009. Conclusions: We concluded that Taiwan’s consumption voucher scheme might have had either no or little effect on stimulating the economy, so policymakers should be cautioned concerning the potential ineffectiveness of the stimulus coupon plan in the future.
Accounting Measurement Intensity

We propose an empirical measure of metering problems, i.e., the difficulties of measuring productivity and rewards in firms. We build on the insight that these metering problems are reflected in the intensity with which firms apply Generally Accepted Accounting Principles when preparing their financial statements to capture economic transactions. We adapt a simple computational linguistics algorithm to identify textual patterns that uniquely signify heightened use of accounting measurement in preparation of accounting reports. We validate the output of this algorithm before computing time-varying, firm-level scores of accounting measurement intensity (AMI). We then show that AMI is associated with the decisions of professional users of accounting information. We also document that AMI is correlated with the cross-section of expected equity returns and with the cost of debt and non-price terms in the private loan market. In CEO compensation contracts, we see lower pay-performance sensitivity to accounting performance metrics as AMI increases. Finally, we report that AMI correlates with investment and hiring decisions in firms; factor productivity, as well as the efficiency of resource allocation. Together, these findings are consistent with the predictions in Alchian and Demsetz (1972) about how metering problems affect the boundary of the firm.
IMPACT OF JOB SATISFACTION ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG THE ACADEMIC LEADERS OF TAMIL NADU UNIVERSITIES

Virtuous, enthusiastic, satisfied, involved and committed people are the actual assets of the organization. Without quality human resource nothing can ever be accomplished. Satisfaction in job and commitment towards the organization is the foundation for developing the above qualities in an individual. When it comes to academic leaders of universities, the study on job satisfaction and organizational commitment sounds more significant as they are the pillars of higher education system. So the researcher investigated the relationship and influence of job satisfaction on organizational commitment among the Academic Leaders of Tamil Nadu Universities. Job satisfaction is considered as the independent variable and organizational commitment is used as the dependent variable. 145 Data were gathered using purposive stratified random technique from the academic leaders of Tamil Nadu universities. To collect the job satisfaction and organizational commitment details self -administered questionnaire was used by the researcher. The collected data was analyzed with the tools like ANNOVA, Correlation and Regression. The researcher found positive and significant relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
Diversity of saprophytic fungi in the rhizoplane of plant communities naturally recolonizing oil ponds in the Amazonian areas

Oil pollution in the Ecuadorian Amazonian hyper diverse rain forest is one of the major environmental liabilities inherited from the 70ies and represents a major threat to the local biodiversity. In the Ecuadorian rain forest, the most emblematic pollutions are the “oil ponds”. These “oil ponds” were dug in the forest and filled by bad quality crude oil, then left over by the oil industries. Over time, these ponds were covered by organic debris fallen form the neighboring canopy, accumulating and forming a floating mat of organic matter. This organic, compost-like matter, progressively, were colonized by plants, mostly herbaceous species, which root system plunging into the crude oil. We aimed to evaluate the diversity of the root endophytic and saprotrophic rhizoplane fungi in these plants. A total of 1077 strains have been obtained from 208 herbaceous plants. For a more depth taxonomic studies, the Consolidated Species Concept (CSC) was applied as result of this study, seve. Document type : Thèse (Dissertation) Référence bibliographique Gordillo, Ana. Diversity of saprophytic fungi in the rhizoplane of plant communities naturally recolonizing oil ponds in the Amazonian areas. Prom. : Declerck, Stephan ; Decock, Cony Université catholique de Louvain Faculté des bioingénieurs Earth and Life Institute Pole of Applied Microbiology Laboratory of Mycology Diversity of saprophytic fungi in the rhizoplane of plants communities naturally recolonizing oil ponds in the
Constraints Perceived by the Farmers of Himachal Pradesh in Organic Farming

Organic farming is one among the broad spectrum of production methods that are supportive of the environment through minimizing the use of chemical inputs and through use of on-farm resources efficiently. The present study was conducted in all the four zones of Himachal Pradesh with one representative district from each zone. Three blocks from each district was selected and from each block 12 organic farmers were selected. Thus, a sample size of 144 organic farmers was selected from all the four agro-climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh. Pre- tested schedule was used to collect relevant information from the farmers. Garret ranking technique was employed to prioritize the imminent constraints like production, marketing and ecological constraints. Highly severe constraints that were being faced by the farmers-practicing organic farming in the study area were small land holding, decline in crop productivity, higher incidence of pests and diseases, non availability of market place, lack of minimum support prices for organic products, wild animals menace, less erratic monsoon, fluctuation in temperature and humidity. These factors highlight the weak links, which need to be strengthened for promoting organic farming widely.
Biometric and sexual dimorphism variation of Hydromedusa tectifera in Brazil

Body size has a strong influence on the ecology and evolution of organisms’ life history. Turtle species can exhibit variation in body size and shape between populations of conspecifics through usually broad geographical scales. This prediction is timely to be tested in this study with the species Hydromedusa tectifera. We aimed to evaluate the variation in body size between and sexual dimorphism within populations of H. tectifera in two areas in Brazil. Sampling occurred in Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul states in order to obtain morphometric measures of carapace and plastron of the individuals. We observed sexual dimorphism within populations. In Rio Grande do Sul state, females were larger than males in most of the carapace and plastron measures. In Minas Gerais state, males were larger than females regarding maximum carapace width. Overall, individuals from Rio Grande do Sul state were larger than those from Minas Gerais state. We discuss possible factors that might cause variation in morphology within and between populations of conspecifics. Research on morphology is encouraged to facilitate comparisons among populations in geographically broad areas.
The effect of international development assistance (IDA) on conflict. A fuzzy regression discontinuity approach

In this paper we try to explore the relationship between the World Bank’s international development assistance (IDA) and domestic conflict. As IDA is distributed only to countries that fall below an (ad hoc) income threshold, we employ a (fuzzy) regression discontinuity approach to estimate the causal effect of IDA on conflict. Our results suggest that IDA leads to a decrease in minor conflict events, such as anti-government demonstrations and riots and in an increase in major conflict events like assassinations of political leaders and revolutions. Moreover, IDA is associated with an increase in coup attempts and autocratic regime transitions. These results suggest that foreign aid may “win the hearts and minds of the population”, by increasing popular support for the government, and at the same time increase conflict over lootable aid rents.
Green Manuring Effect on Changes of Soil Nitrogen Fractions, Maize Growth, and Nutrient Uptake

Green manure is a promising, at least partial, substitution for chemical fertilizer in agriculture, especially for nitrogen (N), which in soil can be radically changed by exogenous input. However, it is not well understood how, after green manure incorporation, soil N changes coordinate with crop N uptake and consequently contribute to fertilizer reduction in a maize–green manure rotation. A four-year field study was performed consisting of (1) control, no fertilization; (2) F100, recommended inorganic fertilization alone; (3) G, green manure incorporation alone; (4) F70 + G (70% of F100 plus G); (5) F85 + G; and (6) F100 + G. The results show that treatments with 15–30% reduction of inorganic fertilizer (i.e., F70 + G and F85 + G) had similar grain yield, dry matter (DM) accumulation, and N uptake as F100 treatment. F100 + G maize had 17% greater DM and 15% more N uptake at maturity relative to F100. Of the five soil N fractions examined, dissolved organic N (DON) and mineral N (Nmin) explained over 70% of the variation of maize DM and N accumulation. Partial least squares path modeling further revealed that soil N fractions had positive indirect effects on DM production through N uptake, which might be coordinated with improved DON and Nmin status at both early and mid-late stages of maize growth. Overall, the results highlight enhanced maize production with reduced fertilizer inputs based on green manure incorporation in temperate regions.
Teaching people to read comics: the impact of a visual literacy intervention on comprehension of educational comics

ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that children’s abilities to comprehend information can vary, which may lead to miscommunication and impact on future life outcomes. Previous research suggests that visual literacy interventions may be helpful for children who need to interpret visual sources of information. Recently there has been renewed interest in the potential of comics as assistive tools in pedagogical settings, which are a highly visual medium. However, no research has yet investigated whether a visual literacy intervention can assist children in their comprehension of comics. The current experiment set out to determine if a visual literacy intervention constructed around comics would improve comprehension of educational comics in primary school children. The study consisted of a pre- and post-intervention procedure. Previous comic reading experience was included as a variable. In each session, comprehension and inferential understanding was assessed. Both comprehension and inferential understanding improved following the comics literacy intervention. These results demonstrate that visual literacy instruction can enhance comprehension of educational comics. Findings can be applied to educational settings and have the potential for improving educational outcomes.
Effect of Shorea robusta methyl ester biodiesel blends on the exergy and sustainability analysis of diesel engine

ABSTRACT In this experimental investigation, the impact of engine load, compression ratio, and percentage blends of biofuel on exergy, energy, and sustainability parameters for the samples of diesel based (10–40% v/v) biodiesel blends were performed on variable compression ratio engine. The brake thermal efficiency, exergy efficiency, engine sustainability, exergy destruction rate, and other exergy parameters were found to escalate with the escalating engine load, compression ratio, and percentage of Shorea robusta methyl ester biodiesel fuel blends. The exergy and energy efficiency of the engine with diesel fuel were 2.05%, 6.98%, and 10.63%, respectively higher than 10%, 30%, and 40% Shorea robusta methyl ester fuel and 2.23%, 8.67%, and 9.22%, respectively at 50% engine load and 1500 rpm engine speed. The influence of compression ratio, engine load, and fuel blends on the exergetic performance parameters revealed a similar trend with energetic parameters, but the magnitude of exergy parameters was found lower than the energetic parameters. The application of Shorea robusta methyl ester biodiesel blends improved the combustion characteristics with a small drop in energy and exergy performance parameters and sustainability of the engine. The exergy destruction rate and entropy generation rate for shorea robusta methyl ester biodiesel blend were found lower than the conventional fuel. Therefore, the fuel blend have a high potential to be an alternate to the conventional fuel without any design modification of diesel engines.
In-Hospital Elderly Mortality in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Care Center

Introduction: The elderly represent a significant proportion of the populace and their mortality index is of public health significance. With dearth of vital registration, in-hospital based studies remains a desirable alternative. This study hopes to determine the epidemiologic pattern of elderly mortality with respect to sex, age, date and cause of death. Methods: This is descriptive retrospective study of elderly deaths among hospitalized patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Care Center. The age, sex, date and causes of death were analyzed using SPSS 21 and results summarized in tables and figures. Results: Elderly death constitute 24.7% of all hospital deaths with a crude mortality of 25.3%. Males constitute majority of the cases and 81.6% of the deaths occur within the 7th and 8th decades. Non-communicable diseases, communicable diseases and injuries constitute 80%, 12.5% and 7.6% of the cases respectively. Major specific causes of death include cerebrovascular accident, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, sepsis, diabetes mellitus, road traffic accident, prostate and colorectal cancers accounting for 28.8%, 8.7%, 5.7%, 5.3%, 4.9%, 3.8%, 3.4% and 3.0% of all cases respectively.
Geo‐hydromorphological assessment of Europe's southernmost blanket bogs

Blanket bogs are a globally rare type of ombrotrophic peatland internationally recognized for long‐term terrestrial carbon storage, the potential to serve as carbon sinks, habitat provision and for their palaeoenvironmental archive. This habitat is protected in the European Union under the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), but a number of blanket bogs located in the Cantabrian Mountains (northern Spain), representing the southernmost known edge‐of‐range for this habitat in Europe, are currently not recognized and are at increased threat of loss.
Mg-Based Metallic Glass-Polymer Composites: Investigation of Structure, Thermal Properties, and Biocompatibility

In this work, the biomedical applicability and physical properties of magnesium-based metallic glass/polycaprolactone (PCL) composites are explored. The composites were fabricated via mechanical alloying and subsequent coextrusion. The coextrusion process was carried out at a temperature near to the supercooled liquid region of the metallic glass and the viscous region of the polymer. The structures, as well as thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained samples were characterized, and in vivo investigations were undertaken. The composite samples possess acceptable thermal and mechanical properties. Tensile tests indicate the ability of the composites to withstand more than 100% deformation. In vivo studies reveal that the composites are biologically compatible and could be promising for biomedical applications.