Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STRUCTURAL BRAIN LESIONS ON CT BRAIN IN CASES OF NON-FOCAL DEFICIT HEADACHE

: Headaches are common clinical presentations. These are non-specific on one hand and on other they are predictor of severe underlying causes. The persistent headache without any focal deficit needs further investigations. Objective; To determine the frequency of structural brain lesion in patients presenting wit non-focal deficit headache on CT brain. Methods; It was a cross sectional study which was conducted at Department of Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore during January 2016 to December 2016 in which 160 cases selected via non probability consecutive sampling, presenting with non focal deficit headache as per operational definition were included. Their detailed demographic data and other history regarding focal lesions was taken and recorded. They then underwent CT brain plain at Radiology department of the same institute. The different lesions detected were noted. Results; In this study there were total 160 cases presenting with the history of headache and out of these 96 (60%) were females and 64 (40%) males. The mean age at presentation was 29.46±4.48 years. In 110 (68.75%) cases, the CT was absolutely normal. Regarding different lesions detected sinusitis was seen in 38 (23.75%) cases, CSOM in 6 (3.75%), brain abscess in 4 (2.50%) and SOL in only 2 (1.25%) cases. Regarding the lesions among gender stratification 76 (69.09%) females had normal CT as compared to 34 (30.91%) males while sinusitis was common in males affecting 24 (63.16%) cases as compared to 14 (36.84%) females with a near significance of 0.07. Conclusion; Headache is a common presentation at hospitals and in two third of cases the CT brain done reveals no pathology.
Physiological mechanisms behind RYGB surgery

Obesity and its related comorbidities can be detrimental for the affected individual, and challenge public health systems worldwide. Currently, the only available treatment options leading to clinically significant and maintained body weight loss and reduction in obesity related morbidity and mortality are based on surgical interventions. Apart from the “gold standard” Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), the vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and gastric banding (GB) are two frequently performed procedures. This review will discuss animal experiments designed to understand the underlying mechanisms of body weight loss after bariatric surgery. While caloric malabsorption and mechanical restriction are not major factors in this respect, alterations in gut hormone levels are invariably found after RYGB. However, their causal role in RYGB effects on eating and body weight has recently been challenged. Other potential factors contributing to the RYGB effects include increased bile acid concentrations and an altered composition of gut microbiota. RYGB is further associated with remarkable changes in preference for different dietary components such as a decrease in the preference for high fat or sugar; it is important to note that the contribution of altered food preferences to the RYGB effects on body weight is not clear.
Visualization of early chromosome condensation: a hierarchical folding, axial glue model of chromosome structure

urrent models of mitotic chromosome structure are based largely on the examination of maximally condensed metaphase chromosomes. Here, we test these models by correlating the distribution of two scaffold com-ponents with the appearance of prophase chromosome folding intermediates. We conﬁrm an axial distribution of topoisomerase II (cid:1) and the condensin subunit, structural maintenance of chromosomes 2 (SMC2), in unextracted metaphase chromosomes, with SMC2 localizing to a 150– 200-nm-diameter central core. In contrast to predictions of radial loop/scaffold models, this axial distribution does not appear until late prophase, after formation of uniformly condensed middle prophase chromosomes. Instead, SMC2 associates throughout early and middle prophase chromatids, frequently forming foci over the chromosome exterior. Early prophase condensation occurs through folding of large-scale chromatin ﬁbers into condensed masses. These resolve into linear, 200–300-nm-diameter middle prophase chromatids that double in diameter by late prophase. We propose a uniﬁed model of chromosome structure in which hierarchical levels of chromatin folding are stabilized late in mitosis by an axial “glue. ”
Individual Design Experiences Improve Students’ Self-Efﬁcacy on Team-Based Engineering Design Projects

Amy Trauth, Ph.D., is the Senior Associate Director of Science Education at the University of Delaware’s Professional Development Center for Educators. In her role, Amy works collaboratively with K-12 science and engineering teachers to develop and implement standards-based curricula and assessments. She also provides mentoring and coaching and co-teaching support to K-12 teachers across the entire trajectory of the profession. Her research focuses on teacher education, classroom assessment, and P-16 environmental and engineering education.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATED FROM MILK

A total of 200 samples of raw and pasteurized milk (100 of each) were collected from supermarkets in Qaluobia Governorate and examined for prevalence and characterization of P. aeruginosa . The incidence of P.aeruginosa isolated from raw and pasteurized milk was 40 %and 16%, respectively. Serogrouping of P.aeruginosa isolated from examined samples revealed that serogroupes K, H and, A isolated from raw milk at frequency percentage of 40, 35, and 25, respectively, while from pasteurized milk at frequency percentage of 25, 50 and 25, respectively. For the detection of the enzyme Hameolysine, Phospholipase, Caseinase and Gelatinase revaled that for serogroupe K it were 60,50,100 and 90 % respectively while for serogroupe H it were 54.5,45.5,100 and 81.8 % respectively and it were 42.8,28.5,100and85.7% for serogroupe A, respectively. Concerining the pathogenicity test of P.aeruginosa isolated from milk samples it was in percent 100, 100 and 57.14 for serogroupes K, H and A, respectively. P.aeruginosa varied in its resistance to different antibacterial agents, ciprofloxacin was the most effective drug against P.aeruginosa (60.7%), followed by enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and lomefloxacin (53.6%). P.aeruginosa was low in susceptibility to tobromycin (25.0%), gentamycin (21.4%) ceftriaxone (17.9%) streptomycin (10.7%) erythromycin (3.6%) tetracycline (3.6%). The organism was completely resistant to trimethoprim, naldixic acid and doxycen. For identification of P. aeruginosa strains at the DNA level, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used based on specific primer for 16S rRNA, PCR has found to be rapid and more sensitive and specific in identification of P. aeruginosa, and the bands appeared at 956 bp.
Predicting MEG brain functional connectivity from microstructural information

Understanding how human brain microstructure inﬂuences functional connectivity is an important endeavor. In this work, magnetic resonance imaging data from ninety healthy participants were used to calculate structural connectivity matrices using the streamline count, fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity and a myelin measure (derived from multicomponent relaxometry) to assign connection strength. Unweighted binarized structural connectivity matrices were also constructed. Magnetoencephalography resting-state data from those participants were used to calculate functional connectivity matrices, via correlations of the Hilbert envelopes of beamformer timeseries at the delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands. Non-negative matrix factorization was performed to identify the components of the functional connectivity. Shortest-path-length and search-information analyses of the structural connectomes were used to predict functional connectivity patterns for each participant. The microstructure-informed algorithms predicted the components of the functional connectivity more accurately than they predicted the total functional connectivity. This provides a methodology for better understanding of functional mechanisms. The shortest-path-length algorithm exhibited the highest prediction accuracy. Of the weights of the structural connectivity matrices, the streamline count and the myelin measure gave the most accurate predictions, while the fractional anisotropy performed poorly. Overall, different structural metrics paint very different pictures of the structural connectome and the structural connectome and for its relationship to electrophysiological functional connectivity. The number of streamlines and the myelin measure were the best predictors of the NMF components of the observed functional connectivity, when used with the shortest-path-length algorithm. Our results indicate that the accuracy of the predictions of similar studies can be improved if well-considered structural metrics are used in the analyses.
ASSESSMENT OF INHALER DEVICES TECHNIQUE AMONG ADULT ASTHMATIC PATIENT THAT VISIT PULMONARY CLINIC AT DAMMAM CENTRAL HOSPITAL AND QATIF CENTRAL HOSPITAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY 2019-2020

: Background: Bronchial asthma is a major health problem nationally and internationally. Bronchial asthma manged usually by inhaler therapy to control symptoms. Correct use of the inhaler devices is important as the incorrect use of the inhaler devices leads to poor control of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the technique of inhaler devices among asthmatic adult Patient that visit Pulmonary clinic at Dammam Central Hospital and Qatif Central Hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study among asthmatic patient that attend pulmonary outpatient clinics at Dammam central hospital and Qatif central hospital. Questioners were filled by the patient about the demographical data and the level of control of the disease then the inhaler technique for each patient was assessed using a validated checklist. Result: From 106 asthmatic patients, Only 16 % of patients use the inhaler correctly. According to asthma control test 52 (49.06%) of the patient was uncontrol, 36 (33.96%) was partially control and 18 (16.98%) was uncontrol. 97 patients (91.5%) received education about the use of inhalers. There was a significant relationship between the control of the disease and the correct use of inhaler devices. Also, there was a significant relationship between the higher level of education and the correct use of inhaler devices. Conclusion : Improper use of inhaler devices among asthmatic patients was observed in this study. And this is associated with improper control of the disease.
Tracking Down the Origin of Stem Cell Programs in Cancer Cells

in human cord blood (CB) cells, followed by xenotransplantation in NOD-SCID mice or inoculation in cultures with mouse stromal cells, MS5. The results showed the self-renewal potential of the population in both experimental systems and thus demonstrated the population contained pre-LSCs [1]. Modern advanced genetic techniques, including deep sequencing, have been used to determine founder mutations that may generate a pre-malignant ancestral cell of cancer. Pre-leukemic HSCs have been recently identified in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after the initiating mutation DNMT3A mut was determined [2]. We investigated the early reprogramming process of leukemogenesis by obtaining samples from pre-malignant cells and subjecting them to RNA array analysis. We determined that modeled pre-LSCs were located at the differentiation stage between HSCs (CD19 − , CD34 + , and CD38 − ) and pro-B cells (CD34 + and CD19 + ). Functional assay results showed that pre-LSCs were primed with multi-lineage potential; hence, stem cell programs in pre-LSCs may be retained from HSCs, rather than converted from B progenitor cells. This assumption was proven by the results of leukemogenesis targeting experiments, in which only cells that possess self-renewal potential (that
DMSO_A_253097 3075..3087

1Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Rheumatology, Jiaozuo People’s Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Endocrinology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to have beneficial impacts on improving human’s metabolism and ameliorating insulin resistance. While insulin is another important and conventional drug in diabetes treatment, but it has an adverse effect on weight gain. Purpose: To make sure whether GLP-1 and insulin play different roles in human adiposederived stem cells (hADSCs). Methods: We examined the in vitro roles and molecular mechanisms of liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, and human insulin on hADSCs isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue. Different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100nM) of liraglutide and insulin were added to proliferation and differentiation medium of hADSCs, respectively. Results: Liraglutide inhibits while insulin promotes the proliferation and differentiation at the concentration of 100nM. Moreover, the levels of GSK-3 increase during differentiation and liraglutide could down-regulate it when compared with insulin. We also find that the activation of phosphorylated GSK-3α and GSK-3β is involved in the differentiation roles. And classical and non-classical Wnt pathways all play roles in the differentiation, which are characterized with the up/down-regulation of the expression of adipogenesis genes such as PPAR-γ and CEBP-α. Conclusion: Liraglutide and insulin have contrary effects on the proliferation and adipogenesis via Wnt pathway in primary cultured ADSCs. Those effects could partly explain the different roles of GLP-1 and insulin on weight gain and insulin resistance.
Efeitos do intervalo de recuperação entre as séries sobre a pressão arterial após exercícios resistidos

FUNDAMENTO: Apesar de os estudos demonstrarem a ocorrencia da hipotensao pos-exercicio (HPE) em exercicios resistidos, ainda nao ha consenso sobre um protocolo ideal. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes intervalos de recuperacao (IR) entre series de exercicio resistido (ER) na pressao arterial (PA) pos-exercicio. METODOS: Dezesseis homens jovens sedentarios e nao hipertensos realizaram, de forma contrabalanceada tres protocolos de ER com 1 (P1), 2 (P2) e 3 (P3) minutos de IR entre as series, e um protocolo controle (CON). Os protocolos de ER consistiram em tres series de oito repeticoes em seis exercicios. As cargas utilizadas na 1a, 2a e 3a serie dos exercicios foram respectivamente 80, 70 e 60% de 1 repeticao maxima (1RM). As medidas foram realizadas em repouso (REP), 15 (T15), 30 (T30), 45 (T45), 60 (T60), 75 (T75) e 90 (T90) minutos apos a sessao. Foi realizada uma analise de variância fatorial (ANOVA) com post hoc LSD. RESULTADOS: Nao foi encontrada alteracao significativa na PA sistolica apos os protocolos. Foi encontrado um aumento significativo da PA diastolica, apos o CON, nos momentos T45 e T90. Ocorreu reducao significativa na PA diastolica apos P1 e P3, com duracao de 30 e 15 minutos respectivamente. Nao foram encontradas diferencas significativas nas respostas da PA sistolica e diastolica entre os protocolos com diferentes IR. CONCLUSAO: Parece que o IR nao influencia a reducao da PA sistolica apos uma sessao de ER. No entanto, foi encontrada uma queda na PA diastolica (P1 e P3) com duracao de ate 30 minutos.
Quantification and Classification of Cortical Perfusion during Ischemic Strokes by Intraoperative Thermal Imaging

Thermal imaging is a non-invasive and marker-free approach for intraoperative measurements of small temperature variations. In this work, we demonstrate the abilities of active dynamic thermal imaging for analysis of tissue perfusion state in case of cerebral ischemia. For this purpose, a NaCl irrigation is applied to the exposed cortex during hemicraniectomy. The cortical temperature changes are measured by a thermal imaging system and the thermal signal is recognized by a novel machine learning framework. Subsequent tissue heating is then approximated by a double exponential function to estimate tissue temperature decay constants. These constants allow us to characterize tissue with respect to its dynamic thermal properties. Using a Gaussian mixture model we show the correlation of these estimated parameters with infarct demarcations of post-operative CT. This novel scheme yields a standardized representation of cortical thermodynamic properties and might guide further research regarding specific intraoperative diagnostics.
Contact Hypersensitivity Trafficking in the Sensitization Phase of Contribution of Dermal Macrophage

We investigated cellular trafﬁcking of dermal macrophages that express a macrophage calcium-type lectin (MMGL) during the sensitization of delayed-type hypersensitivity. In skin, dermal macrophages, but not epidermal Langerhans cells, have been shown to express MMGL. Epicutaneous sensitization by FITC produced a transient increase in MMGL-positive cells in regional lymph nodes. To directly investigate whether the increase was due to cell migration from dermis, MMGL-positive cells puriﬁed from skin were intradermally injected into syngeneic mice after labeling with a ﬂuorescent cell tracer, followed by epicutaneous sensitization over the site of injection. MMGL-positive cells containing the tracer were found in the regional lymph nodes after sensitization. The majority of the MMGL-positive cell migrants were negative for FITC ﬂuorescence despite the presence of FITC-labeled cells that included Langerhans cell migrants. Because the extent of MMGL-positive cell migration was greatly inﬂuenced by the selection of vehicles to dissolve FITC, the efﬁciency of sensitization was compared using the ear swelling test. Migration of both Langerhans cells (FITC-labeled cells) and MMGL-positive cells contributed positively to the efﬁciency of sensitization. Interest-ingly, MMGL-positive cell migration was induced by vehicle alone, even in the absence of FITC. These results suggest that migration of dermal MMGL-positive cells accounts for the adjuvant effects of vehicles at least in part. The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 161: 6835–6844.
Effects of resveratrol alone or in combination with piperine on cerebral blood flow 1 parameters and cognitive performance in humans : a randomised , double-blind , placebo-2 controlled , crossover investigation

29 Previous research has shown that resveratrol is able to increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the 30 absence of improved cognitive performance, in healthy, young humans during cognitively 31 demanding tasks. This lack of cognitive effects may be due to low bioavailability and, in turn, 32 reduced bioefficacy of resveratrol in vivo. Piperine is able to alter polyphenol pharmacokinetics but 33 previous studies have not investigated whether this affects the efficacy of the target compound. 34 Taken together, the objective here was to ascertain if piperine co-supplementation might affect the 35 bioavailability and efficacy of resveratrol with regards cognition and CBF. This investigation 36 utilized a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, within subjects design, where 23 adults 37 received placebo, trans-resveratrol (250mg), and trans-resveratrol with 20mg piperine, on separate 38 days at least a week apart. After a 40min rest/absorption, participants performed a selection of 39 cognitive tasks and CBF was assessed throughout, in the frontal cortex, using Near-Infrared 40 Spectroscopy (NIRS). The presence of resveratrol and its conjugates in plasma were confirmed by 41 LC-MS following the same doses in a separate cohort (N=6). The results indicated that when co42 supplemented, piperine and resveratrol significantly augmented CBF during task performance in 43 comparison to placebo and resveratrol alone. Cognitive function, mood and blood pressure were not 44 affected. Plasma levels of resveratrol and its metabolites were not significantly different between 45 treatments which indicates that piperine co-supplementation enhances the bioefficacy of resveratrol 46 with regards CBF effects, but not cognitive performance, and does this without altering 47 bioavailability. 48
The identification and distribution of the mucous secreting cells in the integument of the Schaap’s dragonet, Callionymus schaapii , Bleeker, 1852

The microanatomical structure of mucous secreting cells (Ms) in fish has been widely found; however, there is a lack of research on the Schaap’s dragonet, Callionymus schaapii , which is regarded as an important benthic fish. The identification and distribution of Ms in different areas along the integumentary system of Callionymus schaapii were therefore demon strated and compared using histochemical techniques. The integument system of this fish consists of two layers: an outer epidermis and an underlying dermis. In particular, the Ms can be classified because they were positively stained with periodic acid-schiff and alcian blue methods. As a result, the distribution of Ms could be observed in all areas (lateral head, pectoral – pelvic, middle trunk and caudal areas) and along with the integumentary system, respectively. The observation confirmed that the highest number of Ms was found in the pectoral-pelvic area. The caudal area had the lowest number of this cell. The localization and abundance of Ms in the integument may support the behavior and enhance swimming to the area under the estuarine conditions.
ROLE OF MR DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING IN THE EVALUATION OF ADULT INTRACRANIAL NEOPLASMS

Aim : The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of Diffusion weighted imaging in predicting the histology of intracranial neoplasms and to correlate with WHO grading. Methods and Materials : This prospective study was performed in 41 patients with intracranial tumours.Diffusion gradients and ADC maps were calculated within the tumor, the peritumoral region, and the contralateral normal appearing white matter . The ratios were calculated by dividing the maximum value in the tumor and in the peritumoral region by the value in the contralateral normal-appearing white matter. For statistical analysis Student independent t-test and ROC curve analysis was performed. Results: The difference in the mean ADCt ratios of high and low grade gliomas were statistically significant. To identify high-grade gliomas, a cut off of < 1.217 for ADCt yielded 70 % sensitivity and 20 % specificity. ADCt and ADCp ratios showed no significant difference to differentiate between high grade glioma and metastasis. Conclusion: Diffusion weighted images showed very good diagnostic accuracy in grading glial tumors, however had limitation in differentiate between high grade glioma and metastasis.