Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Curing Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Styrene-NR Elastomers Containing Natural Rubber-Graft- Polystyrene

The copolymerization of styrene on natural rubber latex was prepared by an emulsion polymerization using potassium persulfate and sodium laurylsulfate as an initiator and emulsifier, respectively. The vulcanization characteristics of styrene-NR elastomers were studied using moving die rheometer. The effect of vulcanization on styrene-NR elastomer containing natural rubber-graftpolystyrene was investigated in accelerated-sulphur curing system containing 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 phr of sulphur with various temperatures ranging from 130 C to 160 C. Increase of tensile strength resulted from an increase of the crosslink density of vulcanization when compared to uncured sample. Furthermore, the accelerating action of temperature in curing system could be confirmed by increase of curing rate index and rate constant. The value of activation energy of the cure reaction could be calculated as 72.278 kJ/mol.
Treatment Outcome of Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Registered at DOTS Centre in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India

Aim: To compare the personal variables, clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) patients. Settings and Design: A Retrospective observational study was conducted in Directly Observed Treatment Short term (DOTS) centre of teaching hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka state in India from December 2019 to December 2020. Methods and Materials: All newly diagnosed patients were registered and followed up during their course of treatment to assess treatment outcome. Data is collected by using personal variable proforma and clinical characteristic form. Original Research Article Noronha et al.; AJRID, 8(4): 107-116, 2021; Article no.AJRID. 79344 108 Results: Among 197 tuberculosis (TB) patients’ 120(60.91%) were suffering with EPTB and the remaining 77(39.08%) have the PTB. Majority 101(51.26%) patients were diagnosed by microbiological confirmation and remaining 96(48.73%) were clinically diagnosed. Even though majority 140 (71.06%) completed the treatment only 10(5.07%) were cured. About 16(8.12%) TB patients have treatment failure and were lost to follow up. The treatment success rate was (0.5%). Confirming the presence of TB by microbiologically and clinically is having influence in diagnosis of EPTB, as well as consumption of alcohol was having statistical significance inferring these clinical characteristics having influence in developing EPTB. Residence of the patient is a risk factor for the treatment outcome as per calculated odds ratio Conclusion: The mean treatment success rate of PTB patients was 80.59% and in EPTB was 73.33%. The treatment success rate was not significantly affected by gender, age and type of TB.
Irreversibly sickled erythrocytes: a consequence of the heterogeneous distribution of hemoglobin types in sickle-cell anemia

The amount of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) in erythrocytes of patients with sickle cell anemia (Hb SS disease) was measured by two methods: (a) photometry of individual cells stained for Hb F by the Kleihauer-Betke technique; and ( b) chemical assay of alkali-resistant hemoglobin in cells distributed according to specific gravity by ultracentrifugation. Irreversibly sickled cells (ISC), which could be identified directly during photometry and which were found to gather in high concentration at the bottom of ultracentrifuged cell columns, contained significantly less Hb F than non-ISC. Cell content of total Hb was constant regardless of cell size, shape, or ultracentrifugal behavior: thus absolute amounts of Hb F and S varied reciprocally from cell to cell.
Parametric Study and Optimization for Welding Processes Using Machine Learning

Optimization facilitates in attainment of maximum strength, efficiency, reliability, productivity and longevity. In this work, data from three material joining processes - Ultrasonic welding of polymers, arc welding as Metal Inert Gas and Tungsten Inert Gas are analysed for establishing quantitative relationship between the process parameters and for prediction of weld features using Multivariate Linear Regression algorithm. The various dependency coefficients and characteristics generated with the ML algorithms are in agreement with the inherent dependency as obtained from experimental data and simulation results. This investigation is a preliminary attempt with a limited set of data to manifest the suitability of machine learning techniques; nevertheless, the results are far from conclusive owing to small data set and hence may be extended to precisely model joining processes with higher number of process parameters, degree of freedom and responses.
ALKALINE PRE-TREATMENT OF WHEAT STRAW FOR PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL USING S. cerevisiae SS-4 IMMOBILIZED IN NANOPARTICLES

This study was designed to evaluate cost effective bioprocess to enhance production of bioethanol by utilizing immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae SS-4 in calcium alginate (Ca) beads and calcium alginate magnetic nanoparticles (Ca-MNP) beads to improve bio ethanol production using wheat straw. The method of pre-treatment had a pronounced effect on the yield of reducing sugars. Maximum delignification (58%) and 36.31% saccharification was observed with 2.5% (v/v) NaOH. As concentration of NaOH increaseD, cellulose content decreaseD while increase in weight loss was observed. Results showed that immobilized cells of S. cerevisiae SS-4 in Ca-MNP gave high yield of ethanol (49.71g/L) compared to immobilized cells of S. cerevisiae SS-4 in Ca (45.66 g/L) and free cells (36.52g/L) at pH 4.5, 28 oC for 72 hrs. Magnet recovery method was used to recover nanoparticles and reusability was evaluated after five time usage.
S-TRANSFORM-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF POWER QUALITY DISTURBANCE SIGNALS BY SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES

Based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) and S-transform, a novel approach to detect and classify various types of electric power quality disturbances is presented. The S-transform is an extension of the continuous wavelet transform and short time Fourier transform, it uses an analysis window whose width is decreasing with frequency and then providing a frequency dependent resolution. For its good time-frequency characteristic, it is suitable for feature extraction of power quality disturbance signals. At first the S-transform is applied to obtain useful features of the non-stationary power quality disturbance signals. Then disturbance types are identified through the pattern recognition classifier based on SVM. Numerical results show that the proposed classification method is an effective technique for building up a pattern recognition system for power network disturbance signals.
DEVELOPMENT OF FOXTAIL MILLET BASED EXTRUDED FOOD P RODUCT

editor@tjprc.org DEVELOPMENT OF FOXTAIL MILLET BASED EXTRUDED FOOD P RODUCT GEETHA H P , P F MATHAD , UDAYKUMAR NIDONI 3 & C T RAMACHANDRA 4 Head, Department of Processing & Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, UAS, Raichur, Karnatak a, India Assistant Professor Department of Processing & Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, UAS, Raichur, Karnataka, I ndia ABSTRACT
Colour Doppler Ultrasound Versus CT Angiography or MR Angiography in Diagnosis of Lower Limb Ischaemia

Background: Limb Ischemia is an obstruction of the arteries which reduces blood flow to the extremities (hands, feet and legs) and has progressed to the point of severe pain and even skin ulcers, sores, or gangrene. The pain caused by ischaemia can -wake up an individual at night. This pain is often in the leg and can be relieved temporarily by hanging the leg over the bed or getting up to walk. The complications of diabetic vasculopathy commonly include two categories: microvascular and macro-vascular complications. Macro vascular disease is the most common reason of mortality and morbidity in diabetes and is responsible for high incidence of vascular diseases such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular diseases (PAD). Epidemiological evidence has confirmed an association between diabetes and increased prevalence of PAD. The duration and severity of diabetes correlate with incidence and extent of PAD. Diabetes changes the nature of PAD. Aim of the Work: The aim of this present study is to evaluate the role of colour Doppler Ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of lower limb ischaemia. Patients and Methods: In this study, 40 diabetic patients with ischemic limb underwent arterial Original Research Article El-Hamid et al.; JAMMR, 33(23): 292-300, 2021; Article no.JAMMR. 77832 293 reconstruction or intervention bypass surgery at Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tanta University Hospitals. The age of our selected patients ranged from 40-80 years showing that about 2/3 patients in this study were above the age of 60 years and this was found in 24 patients (60%) this is due to high incidence of ischemia and prevalence of atherosclerosis in old age. Results: There are variable risk factors were present. DM was present in 100% of patients followed by hypertension was found in 30 patients (75%) coronary heart disease was found in 9 patients (22.5%) and at least cigarettes smoking was found in 12 patients (30%). Regarding the clinical presentation, intermittent claudication pain was the most frequent symptoms and was present in 26 patients (65%), followed by persistent pain and delayed healing foot ulcer was present in 9 patients (22.5%), followed by rest pain was present in 4 patients (10%) at least amputated leg was present in one patient (2.5%). Colour Doppler US has some limitation eg. In ability to see particular vessels wall due to wall calcification, gases and vessels tortuously. Colour Doppler US sometimes failed to differentiate between tight stenosis and total occlusion. CTA still had an important role especially in the infra-popliteal region and peri-vascular masses. Conclusion: Our study suggested that computed tomography angiography can be used to assess the entirety of lower extremity arterial inflow and runoff, with volumetric data that demonstrate robust arterial enhancement and minimal venous opacification. Nevertheless, computed tomography angiography cannot be considered a viable clinical alternative to colour Doppler US until its diagnostic accuracy and effectiveness are determined.
Effect of process parameters on the mechanical properties of a Titanium alloy fabricated by Electron Beam Melting (EBM)

Electron Beam Melting is a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing technique which proved to be very efficient and versatile in the fabrication of medical devices and automotive or aerospace components. Due to the highly innovative character of the technology, its potential is not yet fully exploited and a comprehensive understanding of how the different processing parameters may affect the mechanical performance of the resulting materials still deserves to be achieved. Tensile tests on a Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V-ELI) are ran at static rates for investigating the effects of different fabrication parameters on the material response, namely the speed function, the line offset, the focus offset, the number of contours and the horizontal-vertical growing direction of the specimens. A combination of such parameters is identified as a “process setup” and different setups are adopted for producing corresponding series of specimens, machined after fabrication according to ASTM F2924 and ASTM E8 regulations. The experimental procedure relies on enhanced true stress-true strain data based on the optical measurement of the neck cross section of the specimen, as an alternative to the traditional elongation-based approach to the true stress-true strain evaluation. This approach allows to better highlight the effects of the different process setups on the material performance, by focusing on the most stressed/strained material points within the overall specimen volume. The true curves allow to relate the material performance in terms of both strength and ductility to each process setup, allowing to outline the influence of single/combined fabrication parameters on the two above performance indicators.
Polyaromatic Units Set the Albedo of Dark Extraterrestrial Materials

Primitive extraterrestrial materials are generally dark, a characteristic often associated with the presence of polyaromatic organic material and/or sulfides. We show in this study that the reflectance level measured at 0.55 μm of IDPs and some meteorites is correlated to the degree of graphitization of the polyaromatic organic matter. The reflectance level of the primitive surfaces therefore allows us to obtain information on the polyaromatic organic material present on the surface of solar system small bodies observed by remote sensing or visited by space missions. We discuss our results in view of the sample return missions Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Patients' Practices, Knowledge and Attitudes of Antibiotics among Iraqi Population.

INTRODUCTION The misconception and misuse of antibiotics among the public has been widely outlined to be one of the main reasons for bacterial resistance. The aim of the present study was to assess the practices, level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the rational and self-medication use of antibiotics in the general public in different districts of Baghdad province, Iraq. METHODOLOGY A descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 384 participants through an interview using a structured 3-parts questionnaire, consisting of 24 items assessing the demographic characteristics, practices, level of knowledge and attitude towards rational antibiotics use. RESULTS 45.8% of the study participants reported self-medication of antibiotics without prescription. Flu/common cold and sore throat represented the majority of medical conditions for antibiotics intake without prescription (44.9%, 31.3%) respectively. Oral amoxicillin (34.1%) was the most common non-prescription antibiotic. 50.3% had education about the rational use of antibiotics. 41.4% reported intake of antibiotics after having medical advice, 44% suggested their antibiotics not to be used by other members, and 52.9% stated the importance of antibiotic education among the public. However, 57% of the respondents had negative attitudes regarding antibiotics use for sore throat/fever, the effectiveness of antibiotics for cold/flu (54.7%) and cough (49.2%), to keep antibiotics for future use (40.9%) and not completing the antibiotic course after feeling well (49.2%). CONCLUSIONS A widespread use of antibiotics without prescription was reported, providing some crucial gaps and a lower level of practice, knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of antibiotics among a sample of the Iraqi population.
Estimating the Volatility of Market Risk of Viet Nam Telecom and Education Industry after the Low Inflation Period 2015-2017

The last decade has seen the emergence of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) as a technique to underpin organizational performance improvement in improving customer retention, customer satisfaction and customer value. However, despite many studies conducted on customer relationship management in various industries in the past 20 years, there is still significant disagreement about its definition and meaning, and the framework for the effective implementation and evaluation of customer relationship management practice. Moreover, there is a lack of systematic empirical evidence regarding the success factors for the CRM performance. Objective: To address these issues, this study examines the influence of top management and customer orientation on CRM performance. Results: In this quantitative study, a total of 133 Jordanian hotels participated in this study by voluntarily completing the survey questionnaire, constituting an overall 66% response rate. From the analysis undertaken, it was found that Top Management significantly influence CRM performance But. this research found insignificant relationship between customer orientation and CRM performance Conclusion: The results suggest that hotels should have processes to maintain, analyze, and integrate customer information. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.
Endophytic isolates of Bacillus subtilis: prospects of application for improving the quality of food raw materials

Endophytic microorganisms are most closely in contact with agricultural plants, inhabit their internal tissues, provide protection from pathogens, and have a direct impact on plant health and productivity. This is the relevance of studying the properties of endophytic organisms for the regulation of population density of pathogenic micromycetes. In this work, a comparative assessment of the antifungal activity of endophytic isolates B. subtilis EFS3, B. subtilis EFS9, B. subtilis EFS13 was carried out with respect to field isolates of microscopic fungi of the genera Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor. The studied endophytic bacilli inhibited the growth of micromycetes both due to the antibiotic substances produced and by direct contact, i.e., antibiotic and alimentary types of antagonism were noted in the mechanism of antifungal action. Thus, the studied endophytic bacteria are able to influence the development of pathogenic fungi and can be used to develop biological products that contribute to improving the quality of food raw materials of plant origin.
Type II Opsins in the Eye, the Pineal Complex and the Skin of Xenopus laevis: Using Changes in Skin Pigmentation as a Readout of Visual and Circadian Activity

The eye, the pineal complex and the skin are important photosensitive organs. The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, senses light from the environment and adjusts skin color accordingly. For example, light reflected from the surface induces camouflage through background adaptation while light from above produces circadian variation in skin pigmentation. During embryogenesis, background adaptation, and circadian skin variation are segregated responses regulated by the secretion of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and melatonin through the photosensitivity of the eye and pineal complex, respectively. Changes in the color of skin pigmentation have been used as a readout of biochemical and physiological processes since the initial purification of pineal melatonin from pigs, and more recently have been employed to better understand the neuroendocrine circuit that regulates background adaptation. The identification of 37 type II opsin genes in the genome of the allotetraploid X. laevis, combined with analysis of their expression in the eye, pineal complex and skin, is contributing to the elucidation of the role of opsins in the different photosensitive organs, but also brings new questions and challenges. In this review, we analyze new findings regarding the anatomical localization and functions of type II opsins in sensing light. The contribution of X. laevis in revealing the neuroendocrine circuits that regulate background adaptation and circadian light variation through changes in skin pigmentation is discussed. Finally, the presence of opsins in X. laevis skin melanophores is presented and compared with the secretory melanocytes of birds and mammals.
The Greats: Perspectives on Excellence in Forensic Psychiatry

realm, the writing process is “when some insights are achieved . when some hypotheses get discarded and others confirmed. ” Hence, we might say that the process of medicolegal reasoning is inseparable from that of researching and writing. The process of organizing empirical data facilitates both conceptual synthesis (new insights) and ongoing critical examination of the data and preliminary attempts to explain the phenomenon in question (hypotheses). Thus, the report is not only a communication tool, but it is also a practical record of and critical tool in the reasoning process—the integration of a large amount of information into a tightly reasoned, highly relevant representation of thought.
The Next Needed Thing: The Impact of the Jeanes Fund on Black Schooling in the South, 1900–1930

I estimate the impact of two large-scale interventions aimed at improving the quality of black schooling in the South between 1900 and 1930. The first, The Julius Rosenwald Fund, focused on physical infrastructure by building nearly 5,000 schoolhouses. The second, The Anna T. Jeanes Fund, built a corps of trained supervisors whose contributions ranged from teacher training to fundraising, hence their motto: "The next needed thing. " Variation in the timing and placement of these programs allows me to evaluate impacts of each, and to compare per-dollar effects of investments in human resources (Jeanes) versus physical capital (Rosenwald) on educational inequality.
How to purchase an order from brick and mortar retailers during COVID-19 pandemic? A rise of crowdshipping

Article history: Received: March 21, 2021 Received in revised format: April 25, 2021 Accepted: April 29, 2021 Available online: April 29, 2021 This paper aims to determine factors that affect consumers’ intention to re-purchase by combining consumers’ attitudes and satisfaction in mobile shopping via sharing economy platforms. The research sample consists of 367 valid participants in the metropolitan area of Ho Chi Minh City who experienced buying products from brick and mortar retailers by using crowdshipping service, using PLS-SEM. The results confirm that Personal Innovativeness significantly affected Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and trust. Consumers' attitudes toward buying products via crowdshipping services in sharing economy platforms are determined by PEOU and trust, and their satisfaction of an purchasement is impacted by Check out attributes and Delivery attributes, leading to re-purchase an order via this platform. Brick and mortar retailers need to create a corporation with crowdshipping service platforms to increase sales during COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, shipping quality should be ensured to satisfy consumers which leads to long-term usage. © 2021 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada.
SSELDNET: A FULLY END-TO-END SAMPLE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK FOR SOUND EVENT LOCALIZATION AND DETECTION Technical

Sound event localization and detection (SELD) is a multi-task learning problem that aims to detect different audio events and estimate their corresponding locations. All of the previously proposed SELD systems were based on human-extracted features such as Mel-spectrograms to make the prediction, which required speciﬁc prior knowledge in acoustics. In this report, we investigate the possibility to apply representation learning directly to the raw audio and propose an end-to-end sample-level SELD framework. To improve generalization, we applied three data augmentation tricks: sound ﬁeld rotation, time masking and random audio equalization. The proposed system is evaluated on the TAU-NIGENS Spatial Sound Events 2021 development dataset. The experimental results will be submitted to DCASE 2021 challenge task 3.