Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inclusion complexes of amylose: morphogenesis, crystal structure and release of bioactive molecules. (Complexes d'inclusion de l'amylose: morphogenèse, structure cristalline et relargage de molécules bioactives)

L'amylose est un homopolymere quasi-lineaire d'unites glucosyles liees en α(1,4) qui, extrait de l'amidon natif, possede la propriete remarquable de former des complexes cristallins avec une grande variete de petites molecules organiques. Ces complexes sont regroupes sous le terme generique d'amylose V. Nous avons teste la capacite de 120 composes a induire la cristallisation de l'amylose a partir de solutions aqueuses diluees. La morphologie et la structure des cristaux lamellaires formes ont ete caracterises par microscopie electronique en transmission ainsi que par diffraction des electrons et des rayons X. Les donnees revelent que les structures de ces complexes peuvent etre classees en 10 familles dont 5 sont decrites pour la premiere fois. Des spectres de resonnance magnetique nucleaire du solide du 13C montrent clairement que l'helicite de l'amylose V est correlee a la resonnance du carbone C1 qui se deplace vers les champs faibles lorsque le nombre d'unites glucosyles par tour augmente. Des modeles geometriques preliminaires ont ete proposes pour tous les allomorphes, la structure de cristaux de V1-butanol ayant ete analysee en detail en combinant des calculs de conformation et d'energie d'empilement avec un affinement de structure de polymere cristallin classique. Tous les allomorphes contiennent des simples helices d'amylose d'ordre 6, 7 ou 8 et les molecules invitees peuvent etre localisees dans ces helices, entre elles ou les deux. Chaque type d'allomorphe peut etre obtenu avec differents complexants et la conformation de l'helice d'amylose depend de la taille du complexant. De plus, un ligand donne est susceptible d'induire la formation de plusieurs allomorphes. Le polymorphisme cristallin de l'amylose serait donc une caracteristique plus generale que ce qui avait ete rapporte auparavant. La propension au polymorphisme depend non seulement de la nature du complexant mais aussi des conditions de cristallisation. Le degre de polymerisation de l'amylose, sa concentration et celle du complexant, la temperature de melange ou de cristallisation et la composition du solvant ont un impact significatif sur la formation de cristaux et la structure de l'amylose V. Par ailleurs, nous avons utilise des complexes avec l'ibuprofene comme modele afin d'evaluer le potentiel de l'amylose V comme systeme de delivrance de principes actifs. Differentes fractions d'ibuprofene, probablement correlees aux positions possibles de la molecule dans le cristal, sont selectivement relarguees en variant le pH du milieu de dissolution. Puisque le relargage intervient principalement a pH eleve, ces complexes d'inclusion sont donc potentiellement interessants pour cibler une liberation intestinale et pourraient donc ameliorer l'effet therapeutiques de l'ibuprofene.
Trustworthiness Perceptions of Social Media Resources Named after a Crisis Event

People often create social media accounts and pages named after crisis events. We call such accounts and pages Crisis Named Resources (CNRs). CNRs share information about crisis events and are followed by many. Yet, they also appear suddenly (at crisis onset) and in most cases, the owners are unknown. Thus, it can be challenging for audiences in particular to know whether to trust (or not trust) these CNRs and the information they provide. In this study, we conducted surveys and interviews with members of the public and experts in crisis informatics, emergency response, and communication studies to evaluate the trustworthiness of CNRs named after the 2017 Hurricane Irma. Findings showed that participants evaluated trustworthiness based on their perceptions of a CNR's content, information source, profile, and owner. Findings also show that if people perceive that a CNR owner has prior experience in crisis response, can help the public to respond to the event, understands the situation, has the best interests of affected individuals in mind, or will correct misinformation, they tend to trust that CNR. Participant demographics and expertise showed no effect on perceptions of trustworthiness.
Duality for dyadic intervals

In an earlier paper, Romanowska, Ślusarski and Smith described a duality between the category of (real) polytopes (finitely generated real convex sets considered as barycentric algebras) and a certain category of intersections of hypercubes, considered as barycentric algebras with additional constant operations. This paper is a first step in finding a duality for dyadic polytopes, analogues of real convex polytopes, but defined over the ring [Formula: see text] of dyadic rational numbers instead of the ring of reals. A dyadic [Formula: see text]-dimensional polytope is the intersection with the dyadic space [Formula: see text] of an [Formula: see text]-dimensional real polytope whose vertices lie in the dyadic space. The one-dimensional analogues are dyadic intervals. Algebraically, dyadic polytopes carry the structure of a commutative, entropic and idempotent groupoid under the operation of arithmetic mean. Such dyadic polytopes do not preserve all properties of real polytopes. In particular, there are infinitely many (pairwise non-isomorphic) dyadic intervals. We first show that finitely generated subgroupoids of the groupoid [Formula: see text] are all isomorphic to dyadic intervals. Then, we describe a duality for the class of dyadic intervals. The duality is given by an infinite dualizing (schizophrenic) object, the dyadic unit interval. The dual spaces are certain subgroupoids of the square of the dyadic unit interval with additional constant operations. A second paper deals with a duality for dyadic triangles.
Factors impacting usage patterns of collaborative tools designed to support global virtual design project networks

The purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the competing factors that impact the usage patterns and adoption of collaborative tools designed to support global virtual collaborative work. Through an analysis of frequency data and recorded interactions, we present findings from a semester-long study of design collaboration in the CyberGRID (Cyber-enabled Global Research Infrastructure for Design), a virtual collaborative space developed in Second Life to support design work in global virtual networks. We discuss tools designed to facilitate the collaborative interaction of seven global virtual networks of designers composed of students from The University of Twente (The Netherlands), Columbia University (United States), the University of Washington (United States), The Indian Institute of Technology – Madras (India) and the Helsinki University of Technology (Finland). Each domestic team was responsible for one component of an integrated design task including the creation of a work schedule, 3D building model, 4D model mapping the work schedule to the 3D model, and a cost estimate. We demonstrate that a number of factors impact tool usage patterns and adoption, including the simplicity of the tool, whether the tool promotes group cohesion, the emergent need for the tools, and local factors specific to the experiences of the domestic teams. We conclude with a discussion of the viability of Second Life as a platform for virtualizing the engineering workforce and highlight challenges of researching and developing tools to support global virtual networks of designers executing complex projects.
COCHIS: Stable and coherent implicits

Abstract Implicit programming (IP) mechanisms infer values by type-directed resolution, making programs more compact and easier to read. Examples of IP mechanisms include Haskell’s type classes, Scala’s implicits, Agda’s instance arguments, Coq’s type classes and Rust’s traits. The design of IP mechanisms has led to heated debate: proponents of one school argue for the desirability of strong reasoning properties, while proponents of another school argue for the power and flexibility of local scoping or overlapping instances. The current state of affairs seems to indicate that the two goals are at odds with one another and cannot easily be reconciled. This paper presents COCHIS, the Calculus Of CoHerent ImplicitS, an improved variant of the implicit calculus that offers flexibility while preserving two key properties: coherence and stability of type substitutions. COCHIS supports polymorphism, local scoping, overlapping instances, first-class instances and higher-order rules, while remaining type-safe, coherent and stable under type substitution. We introduce a logical formulation of how to resolve implicits, which is simple but ambiguous and incoherent, and a second formulation, which is less simple but unambiguous, coherent and stable. Every resolution of the second formulation is also a resolution of the first, but not conversely. Parts of the second formulation bear a close resemblance to a standard technique for proof search called focusing. Moreover, key for its coherence is a rigorous enforcement of determinism.
Agent simulation-based ordinal optimisation for new product design

Abstract A decision tool that can accurately predict the market diffusion of a new product can be helpful in the establishment of product design. This study simulates product diffusion through multi-agent simulation (MAS) and determines product specifications that can maximise future sales by adapting ordinal optimisation. MAS constructs a virtual market of agents (consumers) and predicts the sales volume by simulating the product selection process of individual agents. By interacting with the MAS, the ordinal optimisation rapidly determines the product specifications of maximum sales with few computations. An empirical experiment conducted on the Korean smartphone market yielded interesting results, i.e., it is desirable for companies with high brand values not to offer low-performance products but to make additional efforts to increase satisfaction with hardware specifications, while a high-end policy of product quality and a low-price sales strategy may be more beneficial for increasing sales volumes for companies with low brand values.
Food Science of Animal Resources

This study aimed to develop a bile-responsive expression system for lactobacilli. The promoters of four genes, encoding phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase (mannose-specific), L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), HPr kinase, and D-alanine-D-alanine ligase, respectively, which were highly expressed by bile addition in Lactobacillus johnsonii PF01, were chosen. Each promoter was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and fused upstream of the β-glucuronidase gene as a reporter, respectively. Then, these constructs were cloned into E. coli-Lactobacillus shuttle vector pULP2, which was generated by the fusion of pUC19 with the L. plantarum plasmid pLP27. Finally, the constructed vectors were introduced into L. plantarum for a promoter activity assay. The LDH promoter showed the highest activity and its activity increased 1.8-fold by bile addition. The constructed vector maintained in L. plantarum until 80 generations without selection pressure. A bile-responsive expression vector, pULP3-PLDH, for Lactobacillus spp. can be an effective tool for the bile-inducible expression of bioactive proteins in intestine after intake in the form of fermented dairy foods.
Relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and osteoporosis in Han Chinese men over the age of 50 years

Aim The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and osteoporosis (OP) in Han Chinese men over the age of 50 years. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study of 775 male patients aged over 50 years was performed at our hospital in 2011. The patients were divided into a normal glucose metabolism group, an impaired glucose regulation (IGR) group, and a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group. Differences in their bone mineral densities (BMDs), OP detection rates, and indices of bone metabolism were assessed. Results After adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI), there were no significant differences in lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD values in the three groups (P>0.05) nor in OP detection rates (P=0.19). However, there were some significant differences in bone metabolism markers between the groups after adjusting for age, BMI, and serum creatinine (Cr): 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was positively correlated with the presence of abnormal glycometabolism (r=0.08; P<0.01), while β-carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein (BGP; osteocalcin [OC]), and procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) were negatively correlated (r=−0.13, −0.21, −0.14, respectively; P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis of the data indicated that BGP was the only bone metabolism marker significantly influenced by abnormal glucose metabolism (OR =0.96). Conclusion There were no significant differences in BMD or OP detection rates between the three glycometabolism groups after adjusting for age and BMI. However, the bone metabolism marker, BGP, was significantly negatively correlated with abnormal glucose metabolism.
miR-140-3p inhibits breast cancer proliferation and migration by directly regulating the expression of tripartite motif 28

The present study aimed to determine the expression profile and significance of microRNA-140-3p (miR-140-3p) in breast cancer (BC). miR-140-3p expression in BC tumor tissues and cell lines was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Luciferase activity reporter assay and western blotting were used to assess the effect of miR-140-3p expression on tripartite motif 28 (TRIM28). Cell growth, migration, and invasion were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, wound-healing assay and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. miR-140-3p expression was significantly reduced in BC tumor tissues compared with in adjacent normal tissues. Additionally, low miR-140-3p expression was found to predict poor prognosis of patients with BC. TRIM28 expression was significantly reduced by miR-140-3p overexpression in BC cell lines, and was inversely correlated with miR-140-3p in BC tissues. Overexpression of miR-140-3p also inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion compared with in the control group. In conclusion, the present study revealed that miR-140-3p inhibited the progression of BC partially by regulating TRIM28.
Meta-analysis of the prognostic value of C-C chemokine receptor type 7 in patients with solid tumors

Background Expression of C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) is associated with the prognosis of several cancers. The aim of this study was to conduct the meta-analysis to determine the prognostic value of CCR7 expression in solid tumors. Materials and methods We searched for relevant literature in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases (last updated on January 15, 2018). The associations of CCR7 expression with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progress-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were estimated. Results In total, 30 qualified studies including 3,413 patients were enrolled. The results revealed that higher expression of CCR7 predicted poorer OS (pooled HR =1.79; 95% CI =1.49–2.16; P<0.001) and PFS (pooled HR =2.18; 95% CI =1.49–3.18; P<0.001), but was not associated with DFS (pooled HR =1.69; 95% CI =0.79–3.61; P=0.175), RFS (pooled HR =1.29; 95% CI =0.48–3.44; P=0.618), or DSS (pooled HR =3.06; 95% CI =0.38–24.83; P<0.294). Conclusion From this meta-analysis, we concluded that high expression of CCR7 in tumor tissue is associated with poor survival in patients with solid tumors, and may be a prognostic biomarker for tumor progression.
Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Tool to assess the efficacy of acute treatment

Background and objective The Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Tool-Patient-Reported Outcomes (EXACT-PRO) has been suggested as a reliable and valid measure for early assessment of COPD exacerbations and perceived recovery. However, there has been no evidence for EXACT-PRO efficacy in assessing recovery from treatment in a randomized controlled trial. The study evaluated the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of EXACT-PRO for the evaluation of the efficacy of acute treatment in patients with COPD exacerbation. Methods In a Phase III randomized controlled study for assessing the efficacy of antibiotic treatment on COPD exacerbation, EXACT-PRO was evaluated in the responders and non-responders. Results A total of 295 patients were analyzed (259 responders and 37 non-responders). Cronbach’s α was 0.96 for EXACT total, 0.96 for the breathlessness domain, 0.89 for the cough and sputum domain, and 0.93 for the chest symptoms domain. The EXACT score correlated with the COPD assessment test (CAT) score (r=0.8, P<0.01). A stronger decrease in the EXACT score was found in the responder group than in the non-responder group from the fifth day after treatment. The difference in the EXACT score from exacerbation onset to recovery was -6.3 in responders and -1.9 in non-responders (P=0.01). Conclusion EXACT-PRO is a comprehensive and sensitive method for assessing symptomatic resolution of COPD exacerbations during treatment.
Pain incidence, assessment, and management in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study of 12,136 respondents

Objective To describe the rate and demographics of pain among Vietnamese people in 48 provinces and describe the impact of pain on individuals, levels of satisfaction with treatment results, and behavior of pain sufferers. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in adults presenting to outpatient clinics throughout 48 provinces in Vietnam and were randomly selected for inclusion in this study. A physician trained to administer a questionnaire in a standardized fashion interviewed each patient and collected data regarding gender, age, career, acute and chronic pain, diagnoses, treatment, and satisfaction with treatment. Results There were 12,136 respondents (50.65% male and 49.35% female) from 48 of the 63 provinces in Vietnam. About 86.53% of respondents reported experiencing pain that affected their daily lives, with 24.10% complaining of acute pain and 62.43% having chronic pain. About 67.71% reported pain that affected job performance. Headache was the most common complaint in 35.43% of the respondents. Fewer than half (43.35%) of all patients with pain sought help from a doctor; only a quarter (27.50%) sought help within 1 month of experiencing that pain. A majority (61.98%) of patients who did seek help were satisfied with treatment results. The median cost of treatment was between 150 and 250 USD. Conclusion Pain severe enough to impact patients’ daily lives is common in Vietnam. Treatment costs are a significant economic burden and may help explain why only a minority of patients seek treatment. Access to lower cost, effective treatment for pain should be improved.
Gaucher Disease: An Underdiagnosed Pathology in the Eastern Moroccan Population

Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disease. It corresponds to a congenital deficit in β-glucocerebrosidase. This pathology should be considered in the presence of unexplained splenomegaly, with or without signs of haemorrhage, skeletal manifestations or hepatomegaly. The diagnosis is based on the measurement of the β-glucocerebrosidase activity but the preanalytical process should be respected in order to avoid the under-diagnosis of this disorder and the delay of its management. We report two cases of Gaucher disease collected at Mohammed VI University Hospital and Al Farabi regional hospital in Oujda. We have emphasized the need for a reference center for overload diseases.
Assessment of Physician Well-being, Part One: Burnout and Other Negative States

Physician well-being is a complex and multifactorial issue. A large number of tools have been developed in an attempt to measure the nature, severity, and impact of both burnout and well-being in a range of clinical populations. This two-article series provides a review of relevant tools and offers guidance to clinical mentors and researchers in choosing the appropriate instrument to suit their needs, whether assessing mentees or testing interventions in the research setting. Part One begins with a discussion of burnout and focuses on assessment tools to measure burnout and other negative states. Part Two of the series examines the assessment of well-being, coping skills, and other positive states.
Determination of the complexity and diversity of the TCR β-chain CDR3 repertoire in bladder cancer using high-throughput sequencing

The present study aimed to investigate the complexity and diversity of the T lymphocyte immune repertoire in patients with bladder cancer. To do so, the immune state of patients was assessed. The study also aimed to elucidate the aetiology and pathogenesis of bladder cancer to provide a novel theoretical basis for disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis monitoring. Cancerous and paracancerous (control) tissue samples were collected from five patients diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction and Illumina high-throughput sequencing were used to determine the characteristics and clonal diversity of the T-cell receptor (TCR) β-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) gene in the cancerous and paracancerous tissues of patients with bladder cancer. The degree of clonal expansion in malignant samples was significantly higher than in adjacent samples. Furthermore, ΤCRβ variable (TRBV), ΤCRβ diversity (TRBD) and ΤCRβ joining (TRBJ) repertoires were significantly different in cancerous samples compared with adjacent samples. In addition, 13 identified V-J pairs were highly expressed in cancerous samples whereas they had low expression in control samples. In conclusion, the degree of T-cell clonal expansion in bladder cancerous tissue was higher than in paracancerous tissue, whereas the immune diversity of the tissues of patients with bladder cancer was significantly lower. The DNA sequence and amino acid sequences, and V-J combination level may be used to comprehensively understand the diversity and characteristics of TCR CDR3 in bladder cancer and paracancerous tissues, and to evaluate the immune status of bladder cancer to develop therapeutic targets and biomarkers for prognosis monitoring.