Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bridging the Divide: Does Social Capital Moderate the Impact of Polarization on Health?

Rising partisan polarization in the American public over the last decade has been linked to stress and anxiety, raising questions about how communities and public health experts should respond. As the strength of an individual’s social network correlates with better health outcomes, could building a diverse set of connections moderate the effect of political polarization on an individual’s health? This study examines the role of social capital as a key intervening variable in the relationship between polarization and health. Drawing on a nationally representative survey of 2,752 U.S. residents conducted in December 2019 compared with county-level data, we use negative binomial, logit, and gamma models to examine the interaction between indicators of political polarization and bonding, bridging, and linking social capital on physical and mental health outcomes. We find consistent evidence that bonding social ties intervene to improve the physical and mental health of individuals in polarized communities, while bridging ties are related to worse health for politically isolated residents. By highlighting the relationship between polarization, social networks, and health, our findings shed light on how public health experts, and policymakers can improve health outcomes in polarized communities.
Complicated pressure–temperature path recorded in the eucrite Padvarninkai

High‐pressure minerals in the eucrite Padvarninkai were investigated. Parts of anorthitic plagioclase and tridymite in the host rock of Padvarninkai vitrified, indicating that the shock pressure was 22–27 GPa. Tissintite, coesite, and a majorite‐bearing garnet occurred in the shock‐melt veins of Padvarninkai as high‐pressure minerals. Tissintite, kyanite, corundum, and dense plagioclase have occurred in the anorthitic plagioclase grains. The anorthitic plagioclase was melted and tissintite crystallized from the melt after the crystallization of kyanite and corundum. The residual melt became dense plagioclase by quenching. Tridymite has also melted and coesite crystallized from the melt. The formation of tissintite and coesite indicates that the shock pressure recorded in the veins was 2–13 GPa. The temperature increased drastically in the veins (>˜3000 K) compared with the host rock (<˜800 K). Parts of the tissintite and coesite became, respectively, amorphous (or anorthite) and quartz. Two different impact events may be recorded in Padvarninkai: The first impact event brecciated a part of the host rock, and the second impact event induced the melting of the brecciated portion, resulting in the formation of shock‐melt veins where the conditions are a high temperature and a relatively low pressure. In the veins, tissintite and coesite formed first, and parts of them underwent a back‐transformation due to a long cooling time.
Progressive Point Cloud Upsampling via Differentiable Rendering

In this paper, we propose one novel progressive point cloud upsampling framework to tackle the non-uniform distribution issue during the point cloud upsampling process. Specifically, we design an Up-UNet feature expansion module which is capable of learning the local and global point features via a down-feature operator and an up-feature operator, respectively, to alleviate the non-uniform distribution issue and remove the outliers. Moreover, we design a hybrid loss function considering both the multi-scale reconstruction loss and the rendering loss. The multi-scale reconstruction loss enables each upsampling module to generate a denser point cloud, while the rendering loss via point-based differentiable rendering ensures that the proposed model preserves the point cloud structures. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of both qualitative and quantitative evaluations.
Numerical Modelling of Permafrost Dynamics under Climate Change and Evolving Ground Surface Conditions: Application to an Instrumented Permafrost Mound at Umiujaq, Nunavik (Québec), Canada

ABSTRACT Numerical simulations were carried out based on a conceptual cryohydrogeological model of a permafrost mound near Umiujaq, Nunavik (Québec), Canada, to assess the impacts of climate warming and changes in surface conditions on permafrost degradation. The 2D model includes groundwater flow, advective-conductive heat transport, phase change and latent heat. Changes in surface conditions which are characteristic of the site were represented empirically in the model by applying spatially- and temporally-variable ground surface temperatures derived from linear regressions between monitored surface and air temperatures. After reaching a transient steady-state condition close to present-day conditions, the simulations were then extended to 2100 under hypothetical climate warming scenarios and using imposed changes in surface conditions consistent with observed on-site evolution. The simulations show that the development of a thermokarst pond and shrubification respectively induce ground warming of up to 0.5°C and 1.5°C, upward migration of the permafrost base by up to 2 and 4 m, and a decrease in the lateral permafrost extent of 1 and 7 m, relative to a reference case without changes in surface conditions. Feedback from permafrost degradation which drives changes in ground surface conditions should be included in future numerical modelling of permafrost dynamics.
The Role of the Leader in Fostering Employee Resilient Behaviors

Building employee resilience is important in contemporary work places. This study provides concrete leads for practice regarding how leaders -by enacting servant leadership and resilient behavior and through their psychological capital- can stimulate resilient behaviors in employees. Objective This study aims to uncover the relationship between leadership behaviors (servant and resilient), leaders’ psychological capital, and employee resilient behaviors over time, and we assess whether employee resilient behaviors and employee psychological capital mediate this relationship. Methods Based on dyadic 3-wave data collected from 111 unique leader-follower pairs, we use time-lagged path analysis to test our hypotheses. Results Servant leadership and leaders’ psychological capital may strengthen employees’ psychological capital, which in turn may foster resilient behaviors in employees over time. Resilient leadership was, however, negatively related to employee psychological capital on the short term but positively related to employee resilient behaviors over a 6-week time window. Conclusions Enacting servant leadership and resilient behavior and through their psychological capital leaders can foster resilient behaviors in employees.
Dividend policy, earnings management and the moderating effect of corporate governance in the French context

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of corporate governance on the impact of earnings management on dividend policy. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors selected French non-financial companies listed on the CAC All Tradable index during the 2008–2015 period. Feasible generalized least square regression method is used to estimate the econometric models. Findings The empirical results allowed the authors to confirm and/or reject certain hypotheses. First, the ownership concentration seems to positively moderate the impact of earnings management on dividend policy. Another conclusion that the authors have been able to draw is that the effect of earnings management on dividend policy is more favorable in the case of firms with a small director’s board. Practical implications Our results have shown that French firms run earnings to inform the market that they can distribute dividends. Therefore, we recommend that the various partners of the firm pay more attention to the governance mechanisms of these types of companies and, in particular, in countries where foreign investors suffer from weak legal protection (Easterbrook, 1984; Gomes, 2000; La Porta et al., 2000 and Athari et al., 2016). In fact, standardization bodies, the Ministry of Finance, external auditors and stock exchange organizer must focus on sophisticated governance mechanisms to ensure better quality of financial reporting. Originality/value To our knowledge, no other research has examined whether the impact of earnings management on dividend policy varies significantly with the moderating effect of certain governance mechanisms in France.
Motives for not drinking alcohol: why adults in late middle age abstain

Abstract Background Older individuals are not only more sensitive to the impact of alcohol but also face significant health risks from alcohol–drug interactions. To alter current drinking patterns, it is crucial to understand the motives for abstention of adults in late middle age. Objectives We hypothesized that, for adults in late middle age, socio-demographic characteristics and health-related factors predict alcohol abstinence; and that current motives for abstention vary between subgroups of abstainers. Method Data on adults aged 50–64 years (n = 2,308) came from the German Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA). Logistic regression was used to examine the association between different types of abstinence and socio-demographic and health-related variables. Results Low income, low education and poor self-rated physical health predicted 12-month abstinence. Men with a chronic disease had a 9.5 % chance to be abstinent, whilst it was 17.7 % for women. Main motives for older lifetime abstainers were ‘dislike of taste or smell’, ‘loss of control’ and ‘family constraints’. For 12-month abstainers, it was ‘loss of control’, ‘health constraints’ and ‘dislike of taste or smell’. Conclusion Poor health in middle-aged drinkers offers an opportunity to recommend reduction or cessation of alcohol use by explaining the negative health effects from alcohol. Future research investigating abstention needs to differentiate between lifetime and 12-month abstainers.
Analyzing the Direct Relationship between Every-Single Dimensions of Service Quality and WOM with a Particular Multidimensional Scale of WOM Behavior

ABSTRACT There are remarkable researches about the relationship between word of mouth (WOM) and service quality, but there are very limited researches that explain the direct relationship between every single dimension of service quality and three major dimensions of WOM (value, intensity, and content) in the resort hotel industry. So, the research mainly aims to determine the direct relationship between every single dimension of service quality and the three major dimensions of WOM in the (resort) hotel industry. The secondary purpose of the research is to determine significant differences between sociodemographic characteristics and the three major dimensions of WOM if there are any. Additionally, the most preferred WOM channels and the most discussed WOM content were determined in this study. The research was conducted for 416 domestic tourists who have accommodation experiences in four and five stars resort hotels in Muğla province, Turkey, and quantitative data analysis was used through IBM SPSS. The findings of the research show that there are significant relationships between the three major WOM dimensions and service quality dimensions (apart from physical characteristics). Based on the important results of the research, managerial implications and theoretical contributions were discussed thoroughly in “Results and discussion” and “Conclusion and implications. ”
A Novel Graph Metalearning Method for SAR Target Recognition

Deep neural networks have been successfully applied to synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition (SAR-ATR). The high performance of related methods relies on a large amount of training data. However, in practical applications, collecting SAR data is an expensive and time-consuming process, which results in few data available for training. Recognition with limited training data has become an essential issue in SAR-ATR. To solve this problem, we propose a novel graph metalearning method, in which the graph neural network is combined with metalearning to recognize SAR targets using few labeled SAR images. First, we use simulated SAR data to acquire metaknowledge in the form of feature extractor parameters. The feature extractor is then employed to encode the labeled and unlabeled real SAR images into embedding vectors. Second, the embedding vectors are constructed as a fully connected graph, where each node represents an image and each edge is the similarity between two nodes. After iteratively updating the graph by neighborhood aggregation, the new representations of the nodes and their relationship are obtained. Finally, we generate a prediction distribution on the target classes by fusing the node and edge information of the unlabeled image. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method’s superiority in recognition accuracy with few training data.
Prevalence of surgical site infection post caesarean with increased patient load during COVID-19 pandemic in tertiary care centre

Background: Increased referrals and workload during the pandemic lead to overcrowding in hospitals and increase in LSCS rates. Surgical site infection is one of the most common complication post LSCS causing physical and mental duress to the patients. The objective of the study was to analyse the effect of COVID-19 on SSI, the incidence, commonly associated factors and bacteriology of SSI. The design was prospective study design.Methods: 577 patients undergoing LSCS were studied from Day 1 till 30 days post LSCS from 1st August 2020 to 31st October 2020.Results: Out of 577, 28 (4.85%) patients developed SSI. 60% of SSI in our study were unbooked, 50% had haemoglobin less than 9.9 g/dl. Most common risk factor for developing of SSI included pre-eclampsia (32.14%) followed by previous LSCS (28.57%). Common organism isolate was MRSA (25%) and 75% required surgical management.Conclusions: Regular ANC visits can help in managing comorbidities at an earlier stage leading to reduction in SSI. Strict aseptic precautions should be followed to reduce SSI in cases with PROM and second stage arrest. SSI rate is not influenced by COVID-19 status but hospital facilities and overcrowding definitely have an effect.
Technological Innovation and Circular Economy Practices: Business Strategies to Mitigate the Effects of COVID-19

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a tough test on companies in the global food sector supply chain, exacerbating the realities and deficiencies it presents in developing economies. This situation has been reflected in the firm’s performance (F.P.) due to the lack of business conditions to respond to the current pandemic. However, in some companies, the adverse effects of COVID-19 have been counteracted due to endowment and technological capabilities. Thus, this study examined the role of technological innovation (T.I.) and business data analytics (B.D.A.) in the F.P. of foods in Ecuador during COVID-19. A questionnaire collected the information from the food firms. Then, Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling processed the collected information. We found that (B.D.A.) mechanisms and different levels of T.I. within the developing market significantly shape the F.P. The results showed that the B.D. A. enables circular economy (C.E.) practices and the improvement of product delivery services, which constitutes an improvement of the F.P. The COVID-19 outbreak did not significantly affect T.I. , unlike what happened with B.D. A. This study concluded that firms with the most extraordinary technological production processes have been the least affected during COVID-19. This study suggested that policy measures should boost food firms’ technological endowment to improve their resilience in uncertainty and risk scenarios.
Inappropriate antibacterial use in layer poultry farms in Gombe Metropolis, Northeast Nigeria, may constitute public health challenges

Antibacterial is extensively used in poultry to enhance productivity. Inappropriate use could yield unsafe edible poultry products. The study aimed to investigate the pattern of antibacterial use in commercial layer poultry farms in Gombe metropolis. Semi-structured questionnaire was designed and validated. The questionnaire was administered to 38 layer poultry farms to obtain information on poultry farm practices. Data was analysed by inferential statistics using SPSS (Version 20). Of the 38 administered questionnaires, 33 (86.8%) were returned and analysed. Most farms had over 500 birds (69.7%, 23/33) and Isa Brown was the most predominant strain (x2= 63.11, df=3, p< 0.05). Most farms conduct routine vaccination (93.9%, p<0.05) and use mixed formulations (78.6%, p<0.05) for prophylaxis (87.9%, p<0.05). Seven of the nine used formulations (77.8%, p<0.05) contain unapproved drugs. Farmers were aware of withdrawal period (84.8%) and the consequences of residues (60.6%) but most (75.8%) do not observe withdrawal period. The inappropriate antibacterial use in layer poultry in Gombe was high and oxytetracycline was the most predominant. Such practice could yield unsafe table eggs with dire health consequences. Key words: Antibacterial, residues, public health risks, layer poultry farms, table eggs.
Pycnodonts were polyphyodont animals

En Here, I demonstrate that pycnodonts were polyphyodont animals, through radiographic highlights of dental gems in various states of maturation that are present in both the prearticular and the vomer of at least some Cretaceous genera Neoproscinetes and Phacodus, and for the Eocene genus Pycnodus. I propose the hypothesis that polyphyodonts in pycnodonts involved a differentiated ontogenetic mechanism in young subjects compared to adult ones. In young fish, the growth of the dentition occurred through introdution of new teeth from behind. In adults, only worn teeth were replaced, regardless of their position. The cessation of the ameloblastic activity certainly marked the senescence of the pycnodonts, in which the exhaustion of the ameloblasts prevented dental replacement, making senile subjects edentulous, with bone atrophy and the consequent inability to feed, ultimately leading to the death of the fish. It L'autore dimostra che i picnodonti erano animali polifiodonti, in quanto ha evidenziato, anche radiograficamente, la presenza di gemme dentarie in vari stati di maturazione presenti sia nei pre-articolari che nel vomere almeno nei generi cretacei Neoproscinetes e Phacodus e nel genere eocenico Pycnodus. L'autore propone, inoltre, l'ipotesi che la polifiodontia nei picnodonti implicasse un'ontogenesi differenziata nei soggetti giovani (in accrescimento) rispetto agli adulti. Nei giovani, la crescita della dentatura avveniva attraverso l'apposizione di nuovi denti da dietro. Negli adulti, invece, l'attivita ameloblastica consentiva la sostituzione dei soli denti usurati. Verosimilmente, la cessazione dell'attivita ameloblastica segnava l'inizio della senescenza nei picnodonti, nei quali l'esaurimento degli ameloblasti impediva la sostituzione dentale, portando i soggetti senili all'edentulia, con atrofia ossea e con conseguente incapacita di nutrirsi e, infine, morte.
Efficient diagnostics of the electronic and optical properties of defective ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using the sol–gel method: experimental and theoretical studies

ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol–gel method with a variation on the sol aging time and refined structural data were taken to simulate the synthesized sample in a first-principles calculation. The ZnO nanoparticles aged at 36 h and showed profound properties with high crystallinity and good visual fit in a Rietveld analysis. Optical analysis revealed only small variation in energy band gap for all samples, ranging between 3.08–3.12 eV, with the presence of oxygen vacancy defects. In first-principles calculation, several exchange-correlation functionals, including LDA, GGA-PBE, GGA-PBESol, LDA + U, GGA-PBE + U and GGA-PBESol + U, were tested to converge with the lowest optimized lattice deviation. GGA-PBE + U (Ud,Zn = 10 eV and Up,O = 6.1 eV) showed the lowest lattice deviation and reproduced the experimental band gap. The ZnO supercell structure with an oxygen vacancy showed that a defect state appears in the valence band and acts as a deep donor.
Do English Language Development Curriculum Materials Matter for Students’ English Proficiency?

Castañeda v. Pickard mandated that educational programs for emergent bilinguals be tested for program efficacy. As English language development (ELD) curricular materials are one part of an instructional program, we assess this mandate by examining the effectiveness of ELD materials in Texas, a large, diverse U.S. state with large numbers of emergent bilingual (EB) students. Using local linear matching, we find robust evidence that schools that do not purchase any ELD curricula have significantly lower English language proficiency scores relative to schools that purchase state-adopted ELD materials. In contrast, there is no significant difference between schools that adopt the two most popular ELD curricula in the state. This study suggests that curriculum materials matter for EBs’ English proficiency and implies that states should take a more active role in ensuring students have access to these materials.
Modulation of high-affinity choline transport by cyclic AMP-dependent pathways /

These studies explored the regulation of high-affinity choline transport (HAChT) in the mouse brain through in vivo and in vitro methods. My research interest focused on the effect(s) that manipulating cyclic AMP-dependent systems might have on HAChT, and the consequences on acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis. Possible mechanism(s) underlying the regulation of HAChT were investigated. When cyclic AMP analogs and drugs which alter endogenous levels of cyclic AMP were injected intracerebroventricularly (icv) into the mouse brain, HAChT activity was increased in the striatum, hippocampus and frontal cortex, in a time-, doseand brain region-dependent manner. It appears that HAChT undergoes shortand long-term regulation and that phosphorylation/dephosphorylation might be involved in the early rise of HAChT. Cyclic AMP analogs elevated ACh synthesis, but not choline acetyltransferase. These results agree with the notion that HAChT is the ratelimited step for the synthesis of ACh.
A novel method to prepare two-dimensional manganese dioxide and its potential application as a sensor to detect hydrogen peroxide and L-ascorbic acid in water

ABSTRACT A sensitive sensor for the rapid detection of L-ascorbic acid (AA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was fabricated with two-dimensional MnO2 nanoparticles. The two-dimensional MnO2 nanoparticles are favorable for fabrication of sensors, due to its enhanced electrochemical property. The two-dimensional MnO2 nanoparticles were prepared in two different types of stirred media mills. The morphological characterization was conducted by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The crystal structure of MnO2 nanoparticles was characterized by X-Ray diffraction analysis. The sensor based on MnO2 nanoparticles exhibits high sensitivity due to the enhanced oxidation at two-dimensional MnO2 nanoparticles surface.