Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hospital Malnutrition in Pediatric Patients: A Review

Malnutrition is common in pediatric inpatients, and nutritional status often deteriorates in the hospital. Although the prevalence of hospital malnutrition is high, this condition is ignored and consequently, not treated. The first step to fight malnutrition knows how to identify patients at greater risk of this condition. One way to identify them is by using risk screening tools, which should be used in all inpatients. Six screening tools have been created for pediatric patients, but none of these tools stood out. Nevertheless, the STRONGKids has been the most studied tool in many countries because of its ease and speed of use. In Brazil only STRONGKids has been translated and adapted, but just one study assessed its accuracy in our population, obtaining modest results. Hence, STRONGKids should be considered a preliminary tool, and its correlation with clinical data requires investigation.
Being Honest and Acting Consistently: Boundary Conditions of the Negativity Effect in the Attribution of Morality

Morality, which refers to characteristics such as trustworthiness and honesty, has a primary role in social perception and judgment. A negativity effect characterizes the morality dimension, whereby negative information is weighed more than positive information in trait attribution and impression formation. This article reviews the literature on the negativity effect in trait attribution and impression formation. We examine the main boundary conditions of the negativity effect by considering relevant moderators such as behavior consistency and evaluative extremity, level of categorization, and measurement type as well as some theoretical and empirical inconsistencies in the literature. We also review recent studies showing that social perceivers hold negative assumptions about people’s morality. We outline future directions for research on the negativity effect that should consider trait extremity, use alternative measures to the perceived frequency of behaviors, introduce more precise definitions of relevant constructs such as diagnosticity, and test different schemata of trait-behavior relations.
Calcium Sensors ALG-2 And Peflin Bind ER Exit Sites In Alternate States To Modulate Secretion In Response To Calcium Signaling

Penta EF-hand (PEF) proteins apoptosis-linked gene 2 (ALG-2) and peflin are cytoplasmic Ca2+ sensors for which physiological roles are still emerging. Here we demonstrate that adjustment of the ALG-2:peflin expression ratio can modulate basal ER export rates up or down by 107% of the basal rate. Through their ALG-2 subunit, ALG-2-peflin hetero-oligomers are shown to bind ERES and inhibit ER export of multiple cargo types, including collagen I, while ALG-2 by itself binds ERES to stimulate cargo sorting and ER export. During sustained Ca2+ signaling, peflin and ALG-2 are demonstrated to sharply lower ER export rates by 40% in a novel secretory response to demanding physiological conditions. However, in highly Ca2+-stressed cells, peflin9s suppressive role appears to promote pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling, indicating that the regulation is not necessarily pro-survival. Thus, regulation of secretion by PEF protein sub-complex binding to ERES in response to Ca2+ signals impacts key cellular decision processes relevant to aging, neurodegeneration and diabetes.
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccines against Human Papillomavirus Infections

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a large family of double-strand DNA viruses com- prising more than 180 types. Infection with HPV is associated with benign and malignant proliferation of skin and mucosae. Low-risk HPVs produce warts, whereas high-risk viruses induce tumors. Because there are no anti-viral drugs for HPV infection, there is a lot of interest in vaccines that can prevent the infection and also in vaccines that can be used to treat established infections and HPV-related tumors. Two prophylactic vaccines have been approved for preventing HPV infection. They seem to be effective when very young people are vaccinated. Unfortunately, many older people are still at risk of infection, mainly in countries where vaccination coverage is not efficient and for those people, novel therapeutic vaccines are being developed. This chapter describes the properties of HPV vaccines used today and the current status of several therapeutic vaccines been developed to treat HPV-induced lesions.
The influence of U.S. equity returns on Asian-Pacific equity markets

This paper examines monthly and daily returns in eleven Asian-Pacific equity markets and the U.S. market, showing that the Asian-Pacific markets systematically follow the returns in the U.S. market (S&amp;P 500 index). For investment managers, the important findings include the fact that each Asian-Pacific market moves differently in response to U.S. market changes over a given time period and the response of most of these markets to changes in the U.S. market is not stable over time. Therefore, in their attempt to diversify a portfolio using individual Asian-Pacific country equities, past correlations and covariances are not necessarily a good predictor of future values, especially for the less developed countries. On average, more developed markets react more strongly to U.S. market changes than do the less developed markets. All markets exhibit asymmetries relative to the U.S. market, where reactions are stronger following down-days than following up-days. Finally, the tests suggest that the Asian-Pacific markets have little or no influence on U.S. market returns.
Prevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors at a Tertiary care Teaching Hospital in Southern Rajasthan

Background: Safe blood transfusion is of utmost importance as an unsafe blood transfusion bears lot of burden on human life and economy. Amongst the blood transfusion complications, transmission of certain infections like HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis are most significant for the long term detrimental side effects. The present study was carried out with an aim to assess the trend and seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) among blood donors at our blood bank. Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out at blood bank attached to Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan after ethical committee approval. Data regarding sex of the donor, type of donors and screening test results were collected from the records of blood bank over a period of 3 years (May 2014 - June 2016). Result: Total 2015 donors were registered of which 1944 (96.5%) were males and 71 (3.5%) were females. Replacement donors (68.7%) were more compared to voluntary donors (31.3%). Overall prevalence of TTIs in our blood bank is 2.38% of which prevalence of Syphilis (1.2%) was highest followed by HBV (0.89%), HIV (0.14%), and Malaria (0.1%). Conclusion: TTIs were more common in replacement donors than in voluntary donors, hence more voluntary donations need to be encouraged. Extensive donor screening by more sensitive methods to detect infections early can reduce the risk of TTIs. Despite high financial cost, adoption of newer screening methods like NAT can help in reducing the prevalence rate of TTIs to a large extent. DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1095
Preliminary Study of the Relationship Between Age and Gender using Sounds Generated from the Nostrils and Pharynx During Swallowing in Healthy Subjects

Although many studies have evaluated swallowing using sounds from the pharynx, few studies have evaluated it using sounds from the nostrils. Therefore, in this study, we placed two microphones near the nostrils and pharynx and recorded sounds produced while swallowing five grams of solid jelly. The participants included 16 healthy volunteers (eight in their early twenties (22-24 years old; younger group) and eight early elderly (66-74 years old; elder group), four males and four females in each group) over eight trials. We then examined the peak sound pressure levels of the nostrils and pharynx waveforms and investigated the time lags between the sounds generated by the nostrils and pharynx in each subject. As a result, although the time lags varied across the subjects, the minimum time lags observed in the elder group (0.32 – 0.78 s) were significantly longer than those of the younger group (0.04 – 0.44 s. $F_{1:15}$ = 30.10, $p \lt 0.05$, repeated two-way ANOVA), and the maximum time lags observed in the female subjects were significantly longer (1.04 – 2.30 s) than those of males (0.20 – 1.43 s. $F_{1:15}$ = 5.57, $p \lt 0.05$, repeated two-way ANOVA). It was suggested that measuring the sounds from both the pharynx and nostrils during swallowing helps in evaluating the swallowing function with aging, and considering gender differences.
Increasing Home Health Face-to-Face Certification: Impact of a Hospital-Based Intervention

Medicare requires that home health patients have a face-to-face visit with a physician when services are initiated and that physicians provide certification of this encounter before home health agencies (HHAs) can be reimbursed. We assessed an intervention to increase completion of face-to-face certification by hospital physicians at discharge using a retrospective chart review. We found a shift in the source and timeliness of certification among intervention hospitals. Pre-intervention, hospital physicians completed face-to-face certifications for 18.7% of patients and community physicians completed certifications for 47.2% (p < .001), compared with 44.4% and 24.3% (p < .001) post-intervention. Shifting the source of certification from community to hospital physicians helped HHAs by reducing the burden of tracking down certification from community physician offices and facilitating timely care for recently hospitalized patients.
Credible and economic multimedia service optimization based on game theoretic in hybrid cloud networks

The cloud network has the advantages in efficiently offloading the large‐scale Internet traffic, which is considered as a promising architecture to provide the satisfactory multimedia services for mobile users. However, most current studies lack the joint consideration of economic and security of services in hybrid cloud networks. In this paper, a novel multimedia service optimization mechanism is proposed hereby to meet the user's requirements mentioned above while guaranteeing the reliability of service. Firstly, a credible scheme is designed to help the mobile users distinguish the reliable cloud providers. Meanwhile, a blockchain‐based content credibility approach is further designed to guarantee the reliability and integrity of video contents. Moreover, a noncooperative Stackelberg game model is presented to maximize the profit of each party. Furthermore, the equilibrium of this game is achieved by the methods of backward induction and gradient descent. Finally, extensive simulations demonstrate that our solution has efficient performance in terms of secure service ratio, utility, service pricing, etc.
A Class of Single-CFOA-based Sinusoidal Oscillators

A class of second order sinusoidal oscillators is presented which employs a single Current feedback-operational amplifier, four capacitors and four to five resistors which can be realized by CMOS linear voltage controlled resistors (VCR). The proposed circuits are simultaneously single resistance controlled oscillators (SRCO) as well as single capacitor controlled oscillators (SCCO) providing independent control of condition of oscillation and frequency of oscillation through independent resistors as well as independent capacitors. To the best knowledge of the authors, any single-CFOA-based oscillators which are simultaneously SRCOs as well as SCCOs have not been reported in the literature earlier. SPICE simulation results using 0. 18μm CMOS technology have been given which confirm the validity of the proposed circuits.
A Meta-Analysis of Acculturation and Enculturation: Bilinear, Multidimensional, and Context-Dependent Processes

Acculturation and enculturation are currently conceptualized as bilinear, multidimensional, and context-dependent cultural socialization processes (Yoon et al., 2013). Yet, this conceptualization requires further specification and empirical evidence. Our work is timely given the downward shift in productivity of traditional acculturation research and the need for a new direction. We examined the constructs and processes of acculturation and enculturation by meta-analytically synthesizing the findings of 255 publications (343 independent samples). In support of a bilinear (vs. unilinear) conceptualization, we found that acculturation and enculturation were only slightly associated with each other, r = −. 18. In support of multidimensionality and context-dependency, their relationship varied by dimension (e.g., nonsignificant association of mainstream and ethnic identities vs. significant associations in other dimensions), geographic region, and race. Additionally, acculturation and enculturation rates/patterns varied by dimension; extrinsic changes (e.g., behavior) proceeded faster than intrinsic changes (e.g., values, identity). We discuss a direction for future research and implications for practice, advocacy, and education/training.
Effects of Delayed Cord Clamping on Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants

Background: One of the benefits of delayed cord clamping is a reduction in the rate of intraventricular hemorrhage. The findings in this regard are controversial and some negative effects of the procedure have been reported. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of delayed cord clamping on intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. Methods: This clinical trial was carried out on 70 preterm neonates delivered via cesarean section. Their gestational age was less than 32 weeks and the birth weight less than 1500 grams. Neonates were randomly assigned to two groups of early cord clamping (less than 10 seconds) or delayed clamping of the umbilical cord (30 - 45 seconds after birth). 3 to 7 days after birth, presence of Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in both groups was checked by ultrasonography (Mindray machine, model m7) and. Rate and severity of IVH was compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in mean gestational age, birth weight, gender distribution and medications in both groups of delayed cord clamping and early clamping of the umbilical cord. The incidence of seizures in the early clamping was 8.6% and in the delayed clamping zero (P = 0.239). The incidence rate of IVH and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) was 11.43% and 5.7%, respectively in the early clamping, while this rate was zero in the delayed clamping group. This difference was not statistically significant in both indicators (P = 0.12 and P = 0.493, respectively). Conclusions: The results showed that intraventricular hemorrhage in premature neonates with delayed clamping was less prevalent than those with early clamping, and may be used as a reliable method.
Use of Erythropoietin in the Severely Anemic Jehovah's Witness Patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Objective: To describe and discuss the use of erythropoietin as a therapeutic option for treatment of severe anemia in a patient whose religious beliefs preclude the use of blood products. Case Summary: A 23-year-old male Jehovah's Witness patient presented to the emergency department with multiple fractures and significant blood loss secondary to trauma experienced in a motor vehicle accident. The patient refused transfusion because of his religious beliefs. He was given oxygen and lactated Ringer's solution, and phlebotomy was kept to a minimum. Erythropoietin was recommended to increase production of red blood cells. Review of the product information revealed that all available erythropoietin products contain human albumin as a stabilizer. After discussion with the clinical pharmacist, the patient and his family agreed to the use of erythropoietin. The patient's hematocrit and hemoglobin improved sufficiently for him to be taken to surgery on hospital day 12, and on hospital day 23 he was discharged. Discussion: Because Jehovah's Witnesses refuse to receive blood products, alternative methods for treatment of severe anemia must be used. Although some options are clearly unacceptable, certain volume expanders can be used in conjunction with oxygen and intravenous or oral iron that do not violate the patient's religious convictions. Erythropoietin is acceptable to most Jehovah's Witnesses; however, it contains human album (2.5 mg/mL), which may be of concern to some of these patients. Conclusions: Effective communication with the patient and the patient's family regarding all treatment options is required for treatment of severe anemia in the Jehovah's Witness patient. Erythropoietin, in conjunction with iron, adequate oxygenation, and good nutritional support, sometimes is an acceptable alternative in Jehovah's Witnesses.
Reconstruction of ruptured archilles tendon using peroneus brevis tendon transfer to OS calcis

Background: Increase in the incidence of reruptures after non operative management of ruptured Achilles tendon and advances in operative modalities led to primary surgical management of Achilles tendon ruptures in the majority. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effectiveness of operative management of ruptured Achilles tendon by reconstructing it with Peroneus brevis tendon transfer and evaluate the benefits and risks of this technique in acute and chronic ruptures. Method: This study comprised of 37 patients with Achilles tendon rupture which were primarily operated upon at Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool (OT), A.P. between october 2013 and october 2015. All patients were treated by reconstruction of ruptured tendon with peroneus brevis tendon transfer. Results: Maximum numbers of patients were in the 41-50 year age group (49%). Most of the patients sustained injuries on their right lower extremity (78.3%). Stumbling in the fields (dorsiflexion injury) was the mechanism of injury in the majority (59.4%), while it was fall at bathroom in the aged population. Acute ruptures were 22 and chronic ruptures were 15 patients. The average follow-up was 11.3 months (6-12 months). Functional scoring was done Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS). We could achieve functionally excellent result in both acute and chronic ruptured patients. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that reconstruction of ruptured Achilles tendon can be successfully done by peroneus brevis tendon transfer with achievement of excellent functional outcome and plantar flexion in both acute and chronic ruptures with very minimal complications.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Chilli Seed Production

In agriculture, the cost-benefit is often used to assess different adaptation approaches while cropping by the farmers. The present study intends to investigate the cost-benefit associated with chili seed production by farmers in monetary terms and identify the economics of seed production based on general information and responses of farmers. The study area is Arasikere, which is located in Harapanahalli taluk. The study addresses the profitability of farmer-based chilly seed production. The study used data collected from farmers who are producing the chilly seed. The quality seed characterized by high germination and vigor, genetically and physically pure, free from borne diseases, and insect post with relatively low moisture contain. Primary data has been collected by the farmers through a structured questionnaire, and a random sampling technique was used while selecting the respondents. For analyzing the costs and benefits of seed production, average costs, average revenue, and average return are calculated.
A Synergistic Effect of Blockings on a Persistent Strong Cold Surge in East Asia in January 2018

A persistent strong cold surge occurred in East Asia in late January 2018, causing mean near-surface air temperature in China to hit the second lowest since 1984. Moreover, the daily mean air temperature remained persistently negative for more than 20 days. Here, we find that a synergistic effect of double blockings in Western Europe and North America plays an important accelerating role in the rapid phase transition of Arctic Oscillation and an amplifying role in the strength of cold air preceding to the cold surge outbreaks by the use of an isentropic potential vorticity analysis. In mid-January, an Atlantic mid-latitude anticyclone merged with Western Europe blocking, which led to a strengthening of the blocking. Simultaneously, the Pacific-North American blocking was also significantly strengthened. The two blockings synchronously deeply stretched towards the Arctic, which resulted in, on the one hand, warm and moist air of the Pacific and the Atlantic being excessively transported into the Arctic, and on the other hand, the polar vortex being split and cold air being squeezed southwards and accumulating extensively on the West Siberian Plain. After the breakdown of the double blocking pattern, which lasted for about 10 days, the record-breaking cold surge broke out in East Asia. It was discovered that the synergistic effect of double blockings extending into the Arctic, which is conducive to extreme cold events, has been rapidly increasing in recent years.
AUToSen: Deep-Learning-Based Implicit Continuous Authentication Using Smartphone Sensors

Smartphones have become crucial for our daily life activities and are increasingly loaded with our personal information to perform several sensitive tasks, including, mobile banking and communication, and are used for storing private photos and files. Therefore, there is a high demand for applying usable authentication techniques that prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information. In this article, we propose AUToSen, a deep-learning-based active authentication approach that exploits sensors in consumer-grade smartphones to authenticate a user. Unlike conventional approaches, AUToSen is based on deep learning to identify user distinct behavior from the embedded sensors with and without the user’s interaction with the smartphone. We investigate different deep learning architectures in modeling and capturing users’ behavioral patterns for the purpose of authentication. Moreover, we explore the sufficiency of sensory data required to accurately authenticate users. We evaluate AUToSen on a real-world data set that includes sensors data of 84 participants’ smartphones collected using our designed data-collection application. The experiments show that AUToSen operates accurately using readings of only three sensors (accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer) with a high authentication frequency, e.g., one authentication attempt every 0.5 s. Using sensory data of one second enables an authentication F1-score of approximately 98%, false acceptance rate (FAR) of 0.95%, false rejection rate (FRR) of 6.67%, and equal error rate (EER) of 0.41%. While using sensory data of half a second enables an authentication F1-score of 97.52%, FAR of 0.96%, FRR of 8.08%, and EER of 0.09%. Moreover, we investigate the effects of using different sensory data at variable sampling periods on the performance of the authentication models under various settings and learning architectures.