Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moral distress: evaluating nurses’ experiences

Moral distress is considered as an important issue in nursing. Nurses participation in ethical decision making and taking deliberate action are facing them with many ethical challenges in their work environment. Confronting those challenges can lead to moral distress. This descriptive study was conducted to determine moral distress and its contributing factors from the perspective of oncology nurses in Tehran teaching hospitals in 2011. Data collection was done through a demographic questionnaire, the Moral Distress Scale – revised (MDS-R) and a questionnaire on moral distress related factors administered to all oncology nurses with inclusion criteria. Findings showed that nurses reported a high level of moral distress overall. The highest level of moral distress was associated with giving inadequate information to patients about informed consent and carrying out a physicians’ order for unnecessary tests and treatments. A significant correlation was found between oncology nurses’ age, their work experience and employment status with moral distress. Institutional factors such as managers’ support, nurses’ autonomy and having determined duties had the greatest effect on moral distress from oncology nurses’ view. Oncology nurses commonly encounter situations that are associated with high levels of moral distress, and therefore strategies need to be developed in order to mitigate moral distress.
Discrimination of wild and hatchery trout by natural chronological patterns of elements and isotopes in otoliths using LA‐ICP‐MS

The potential to discriminate between wild and hatchery trout [Salmo trutta f. fario L. and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] by chronological microchemical patterns of different otolith regions was tested. Central and rim regions of otoliths were analysed for life stage specific elemental patterns of strontium (Sr), sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) as well as of 87Sr/86Sr ratios using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Classification to life stage specific habitats was achieved with 100% accuracy by 88Sr/43Ca, 23Na/43Ca and 87Sr/86Sr ratios resulting in a discrimination of hatchery fish from wild fish. 87Sr/86Sr ratios and Sr concentration in otoliths were positively correlated with the ratio and amount in the water. Na content in otoliths did not directly reflect the concentration in the water, although the 23Na/43Ca ratio in otoliths contributed to the discrimination. Clear differences in otolith chemistry were found for fish experiencing different geological units or a groundwater-fed environment in a hatchery. Natural chronological microchemical patterns in otoliths proved to be a valuable tool for discriminating wild and hatchery fish without the necessity to use marking methods. LA-ICP-MS is well suited for this application because of its limited need for sample preparation, its potentially high sample throughput and the possibility of simultaneous measurement of multiple elemental and isotopic fingerprints.
Persistent vs. ephemeral invasions: 8.5 years of zooplankton community dynamics in the Columbia River

Nonindigenous aquatic species are becoming increasingly common in coastal and inland waters, largely due to the global transport of zooplankton via commercial shipping and recreational boating. The cost of mitigation and lost income due to invasive zooplankton is estimated in the billions of dollars annually, yet we know little about the temporal dynamics of these invaders. Analysis of an 8.5‐year (June 2005–December 2013) zooplankton time series from the Columbia River revealed contrasting patterns of invasion dynamics between species, cyclical periods of community invasion, and key environmental variables that constrain populations of invasive zooplankton. We identified four seasonal zooplankton communities (autumn/invaded, winter/barren, spring/rotifer, and transitional) that are strongly correlated with changes in chlorophyll content and water temperature, with peak abundances of invasive zooplankters occurring during periods of maximum water temperature. Additionally, we observed contrasting patterns of phenology between persistent and ephemeral invasive populations, with successful invaders exhibiting delayed annual peaks in population abundance. Two invasive zooplankters—the copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi and larval Asian clam Corbicula fluminea—dominate the zooplankton community in late summer and early autumn. Likewise, our results support conclusions from a growing body of literature that delayed phenology may be a key functional trait for successful invaders.
Impact of work and family involvement on work-family conflict of non professional Igbo Nigerian employees

This study aimed at examining the impact of work and family involvement in work-family conflict. Two hundred self selected non professional Igbo workers (95 males and 125 females) participated in the study. Carlson, Kacmar and William’s 18-item work-family conflict scale was used to assess workers’ experience of work-family conflict. In addition, Job involvement and family involvement questionnaires were employed to assess workers’ level of work and family involvement. The design of the study was a four group cross-sectional survey design. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Results revealed that work involvement had no significant influence on workers’ experience of work-family conflict. Family involvement was shown to have a significant influence on workers’ experience of work-family conflict (F (1, 192) = 11.95 P>. 001. The results further revealed a significant interaction effect between work involvement and family involvement on work-family conflict (F (1,192) = 8.90, P>. 01. The results were discussed in relation to Nigerian work ethics and the Nigerian family culture where more value is placed on caring for members of one’s family than being more committed to one’s job duties. Key words: Work-family conflict, work involvement and family involvement.
Effect of sulfometuron methyl and nicosulfuron on development and metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis: Impact of purity

Analytically impure (∼85–88%) and purified (99.5%) preparations of two sulfonylurea herbicides, sulfometuron methyl and nicosulfuron, were evaluated for short‐ and long‐term developmental effects on organogenesis (0–4 d) and limb development (0–30 d), and impact on metamorphosis (tail resorption [50–64 d]). Overall, the analytically impure sulfonylurea herbicides were more developmentally toxic than the purified preparations. Purified preparations did not induce early embryo–larval developmental effects or effects on hind limb development, although the rate of tail resorption was slowed at relatively high concentrations. Tail resorption rates were slowed significantly and abnormal limb development was induced by the analytically impure sulfonylurea herbicides. The process of organogenesis as monitored by the traditional frog embryo teratogenesis assay—Xenopus (FETAX) test was the least sensitive stage of development monitored in this study. Although some maldevelopment was induced at the limit of aqueous solubility of the analytically impure material, the severity of the malformations with the impure preparations was moderate. Based on this study, the analytically impure herbicides were more developmentally toxic than purified preparations of the same herbicides, which exerted little effect at maximum soluble concentrations. Thus, the capacity of purified nicosulfuron and sulfometuron methyl to interfere with amphibian development and maturation seems to be relatively low.
Survival in soil of genetically engineered Escherichia coli as related to inoculum density, predation and competition

Abstract The factors responsible for the regulation of engineered Escherichia coli population density were investigated in soil microcosms. In sterile soil, the E. coli populations increased up to an equilibrium level of 108 CFU.g−1 regardless of the inoculum size. In natural soil, E. coli populations exhibited a decrease in number which could be well described by polynomial equations on a log-scale. Increase in the initial density led to enhanced persistence: E. coli viable counts rapidly fell under the detection limit (102 CFU g−1) when introduced at 106 and 107 CFU g−1, or remained constant at this level for a high inoculum (108 CFU g−1). Soil indigenous predators and competitors were both involved in the regulation of the E. coli population density. The role of protozoan predation in E. coli population decline was demonstrated by the simultaneous increase of the indigenous amoeba counts and the decline of E. coli cell number. The absence of amoebae delayed the fall in abundance of E. coli populations. The presence of a protozoa-free microflora resulted in a 104-fold reduction of the final population size reached by E. coli in sterile soil, highlighting the role of soil competitors in E. coli die-out from soil. Although the engineered and wild-type E. coli displayed similar dynamics in sterile and non sterile soil, simultaneous inoculation of both populations led to a competitive disadvantage for the engineered strain in all microcosms tested. The ecological effects of the release of genetically engineered E. coli should be evaluated on a case by case basis for each soil with regards to the structure of the soil microflora. Furthermore, in situ intraspecific competition studies can provide additional knowledge about the relative fitness of a modified bacterium as compared to a wild-type counterpart.
Maximizing the Productivity of Olives by Using Some Materials and Its Impacts on the Quality Indices of Picual Olive Oil

The objective of this work was study that the effect using one treatment of (Girdling at first week of January and Kaolin sprayed at rate 5% mid December) and chemical (Calcium carbonate, sprayed at rate 5% mid December, Naphthalene acetic acid at 100ppm mid December and Boric acid (17.50%) at 300ppm in first week of March) on oil yield, quality indices, minor components and fatty acids composition of olive Picual cv. during seasons 2012-2013. Yield/tree, fruit weight, seed weight, flesh weight, flesh/fruit weight, flesh/stone, moisture and oil contents (%) were determined. Quality indices (acid value, peroxide value, absorbance at K232nm, K270 nm and ∆k, value), sensory evaluation, total polyphenol, tocopherol, bitter index at K225, pigments content, oxidative stability and Fatty acid composition were determined. Results indicated that the treated tree (Picual cv.) by Girdling, Boric acid, Naphthalene acetic acid and Kaolin gave a higher content in oil percentage/tree. Also, same the treatments gave best values in quality indices, total polyphenol, tocopherol and oxidative stability compared with untreated and treated samples with calcium carbonate. On the other hand, the treated trees by Girdling, Boric acid, Naphthalene acetic acid and Kaolin surpassed on untreated and treated samples with calcium carbonate in oleic acid levels. Generally, can be used (Girdling, Boric acid, Naphthalene acetic acid and Kaolin) to increase the productivity of olive trees Picual cv. and also improve the quality attributes of the oil extracted. Also these treatments increased the oleic acid more than untreated sample.
EFFECT OF TYPE OF GRAIN AND OIL SUPPLEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE, BLOOD LIPOPROTEINS, EGG CHOLESTEROL AND FATTY ACIDS OF LAYING HENS

3 Abstract: The effects of type of grain (wheat vs. sorghum) and oil supplement/kg diet (0, 20g olive oil (OL), 20g safflower oil (SO), 10 g OL plus 10 g SO (OLSO)), over a 12-week period on the performance, plasma and lipoproteins lipids (cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TG), phospholipid (P)), and yolk C and fatty acids concentrations of laying hens were studied. Hens fed on the sorghum diet had significantly (P<0.05) higher yolk oleic acid concentration and oleic:linoleic acid ratio and plasma TG concentration in the low density plus high density lipoproteins (LDL plus HDL) fraction when compared with hens fed on the wheat diet. Birds fed on the OL diet had significantly (P<0.05) higher yolk oleic acid concentration and oleic:linoleic acid ratio, and plasma TG concentration in the VLDL fraction and lower plasma TG concentration in the LDL plus HDL fraction (P<0.01) when compared with those fed on the control diet. Hens fed on the SO diet had significantly (P<0.05) higher concentration of yolk linoleic acid and plasma lipids in the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) fraction and lower yolk oleic:linoleic acid ratio and plasma TG concentration in the LDL plus HDL fraction (P<0.01) than hens fed on the control diet. Whilst, birds fed on the OLSO diet produced significantly (P<0.05) higher yolk unsaturated:saturated fatty acids ratio and lower palmitic and stearic acids concentrations when compared with those fed on the control diet. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect the weight gain, feed intake, rate of lay, egg and yolk weights, yolk lipid and C concentrations, daily C output, plasma total lipid concentration, plasma C and P concentrations in the LDL plus HDL fraction of hens. It was concluded that hens fed a sorghum based diet or a diet supplemented with olive oil produced eggs with high concentration of oleic and oleic:linoleic acid ratio and that hens fed a diet supplemented with safflower oil produced eggs with high concentration of linoleic and lower oleic:linoleic acid ratio and that hens fed a diet supplemented with olive plus safflower oils produced eggs with high concentration of unsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio and lower palmitic and stearic acids.
Effects of late-season catch and release angling on anaerobic metabolism, acid–base status, survival, and gamete viability in wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

The effects of catch and release angling on muscle physiology, survival and gamete viability were examined in wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), just prior to spawning. Lactate in the white muscle increased to 37.4 μmol∙g−1 after angling and recovered within 4 h. Muscle pH decreased from 7.46 at rest to 6.80 following angling, but returned to resting levels within 2 h. White muscle concentrations of PCr, ATP, and glycogen were depleted by 74, 46, and 73%, respectively, following angling. ATP and PCr returned to resting levels within 2 h, but glycogen did not recover until 12 h. The absence of significant changes in blood glucose indicated that the stress response was minimal in salmon angled under these conditions (6 °C). There were also no mortalities among 20 salmon that were angled and transported to the hatchery. Multi-sea-winter (MSW) salmon (> 63 cm) required a longer period to angle to exhaustion than grilse (< 63 cm), but the physiological disturbance was less in MSW salmon. The survival of eggs .
Lateral pedicle graft: A treatment modality for root coverage of localized gingival recession: A case report

Gingival recession has been defined as the apical shift of gingival margin from its physiologic level (1 to 2 mm coronal to cementoenamel junction) causing pathologic exposure of root surfaces. Mucogingival esthetic surgery is all about treatment of mucogingival esthetic alterations. Mucogingival problems may be caused by gingival recession often in association with non-carious cervical lesion or by root caries or by altered passive eruption. Patient with gingival recession frequently report to dental clinics which could lead to pain or hypersensitivity, esthetic problem, retention of plaque hence inflamed gingiva, root caries, abrasion and fear of tooth loss. Gingival recession can be treated by surgical or non-surgical means. Nonsurgical means include - restorations, crowns, veneers and gingival masks whereas surgical approaches includes various methods of increasing the width of keratinized tissue such as frenectomy in case of high frenal attachment & root coverage procedures. The lateral displaced pedicle flap was first described by Grupe and Warren in 1956. It was used to cover the isolated, denuded root surfaces that have adequate amount of donor tissue adjacent to the recipient site. The vestibular depth must be adequate to laterally slide the pedicle. A case of gingival recession is presented that was managed using LPG technique. This technique was selected because of certain advantages – single surgical area, preservation of blood supply of flap, the postoperative color being in harmony with surrounding tissue. Keywords: Lateral pedicle, Graft, Gingival recession.
Biological responses to permafrost thaw slumping in Canadian Arctic lakes

Summary 1. Rapid environmental change occurring in high-latitude regions has the potential to cause extensive thawing of permafrost. Retrogressive thaw slumps are a particularly spectacular form of permafrost degradation that can significantly impact lake–water chemistry; however, to date, the effects on aquatic biota have received little attention. 2. We used a diatom-based palaeolimnological approach featuring a paired lake study design to examine the impact of thaw slumping on freshwater ecosystems in the low Arctic of western Canada. We compared biological responses in six lakes affected by permafrost degradation with six undisturbed, reference lakes. 3. Slump-affected lakes exhibited greater biological change than the paired reference systems, although all systems have undergone ecologically significant changes over the last 200 years. Four of the six reference systems showed an increase in the relative abundance of planktonic algal taxa (diatoms and scaled chrysophytes), the earliest beginning about 1900, consistent with increased temperature trends in this region. 4. The response of sedimentary diatoms to thaw slumping was understandably variable, but primarily related to the intensity of disturbance and associated changes in aquatic habitat. Five of the slump-affected lakes recorded increases in the abundance and diversity of periphytic diatoms at the presumed time of slump initiation, consistent with increased water clarity and subsequent development of aquatic macrophyte communities. Slump-affected lakes generally displayed lower nutrient levels; however, in one system, thaw slumping, induced by an intense fire at the site in 1968, ostensibly led to pronounced nutrient enrichment that persists today. 5. Our results demonstrate that retrogressive thaw slumping represents an important stressor to the biological communities of lakes in the western Canadian Arctic and can result in a number of limnological changes. We also show that palaeolimnological methods are effective for inferring the timing and response of aquatic ecosystems to permafrost degradation. These findings provide the first long-term perspective on the biological response to permafrost thaw, a stressor that will become increasingly important as northern landscapes respond to climate change.
From Animalcules to an Ecosystem: Application of Ecological Concepts to the Human Microbiome

The human body is inhabited by billions of microbial cells and these microbial symbionts play critical roles in human health. Human-associated microbial communities are diverse, and the structure of these communities is variable across body habitats, through time, and between individuals. We can apply concepts developed by plant and animal ecologists to better understand and predict the spatial and temporal patterns in these communities. Due to methodological limitations and the largely unknown natural history of most microbial taxa, this integration of ecology into research on the human microbiome is still in its infancy. However, such integration will yield a deeper understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and an improved ability to test ecological concepts that are more difficult to test in plant and animal systems.
THE LIVING MARINE RESOURCES OF THE WESTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC

• 3 volumes, 2,127 pages, fully indexed. • 84 contributing authors. • Nearly 1200 species accounts each with species illustration and distribution map. • Includes Molluscs, Crustaceans, Fishes, Sea Turtles and Marine Mammals. • All 262 families of fishes occurring in the region covered! • Information on habitat, biology, fisheries, and general distribution. • Illustrated technical terms and measurements. • Illustrated keys to species. NOW available: SPECIES IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
Sentiment classification for early detection of health alerts in the chemical textile domain

In the chemical textile domain experts have to analyse chemical components and substances that might be harmful for their usage in clothing and textiles. Part of this analysis is performed searching opinions and reports people have expressed concerning these products in the Social Web. However, this type of information on the Internet is not as frequent for this domain as for others, so its detection and classication is dicult and time-consuming. Consequently, problems associated to the use of chemical substances in textiles may not be detected early enough, and could lead to health problems, such as allergies or burns. In this paper, we propose a framework able to detect, retrieve, and classify subjective sentences related to the chemical textile domain, that could be integrated into a wider health surveillance system. We also describe the creation of several datasets with opinions from this domain, the experiments performed using machine learning techniques and dierent lexical resources such as WordNet, and the evaluation focusing on the sentiment classication , and complaint detection (i.e., negativity). Despite the challenges involved in this domain, our approach obtains promising results with an F-score of 65% for polarity classication and 82% for complaint detection.
Reproduction performances of a synthetic rabbit line and rabbits of of local populations in Algeria, in 2 breeding locations

The aim of this study was to compare the production of a synthetic line (Syn) of rabbits to that of 2 local Algerian populations (W and Loc). The Syn line was obtained from the crossbreeding of a well adapted local population frequently used in Algerian familial farms (Loc) with a more productive French strain. The W population is maintained by a public cooperative and is used mainly in Kabylia region; it is called “white” because of its albino phenotype. Rabbits were placed under the same experimental conditions in 2 rabbitries of a state technical institute. In Baba Ali (Algiers), 50 does of each genotype were raised during 2 yr. In Lamtar (Sidi Bel Abbes), 30 does of the Syn line and 30 of Loc population were compared during 16 mo of production. Natural mating was used 10-11 d after parturition. Kits were weaned at 33-35 d. Litter size and litter weights were measured at birth and weaning. In both locations Syn dams were heavier than those of the other genotypes: (3616, 3464 and 3305 g for Syn, W and Loc in Baba Ali, and 3592 and 3173 for Syn and Loc in Lamtar; P<0.001). The observed litter sizes showed a superiority (P<0.001) of the Syn line compared to W and Loc does at birth time (8.76, 6.78 and 6.19 for Syn, W and Loc in Baba Ali, and 8.02 and 5.90 for Syn and Loc in Lamtar) and at weaning (6.85, 5.83 and 5.44 for Syn, W and Loc in Baba Ali, and 6.61 and 5.15 for Syn and Loc in Lamtar; P<0.001). Most probably as a consequence of the important difference in litter sizes, average individual weight at weaning was weaker for the synthetic line than for the Loc population: 543 vs. 563 g in Baba Ali and 561 vs. 621 g in Lamtar. For the W population in Baba Ali, the weaning weight was similar to that of the Loc population: 565 vs. 563 g. There were no genotype×season interactions which changed the genotypes ranking, and the Syn line performances were more regular from one season to the other than those of the 2 other genotypes. This means that the synthetic line is well adapted to local climatic conditions. Thus, this comparison confirms the interest of this more prolific and more regular synthetic line to develop rabbit production in Algeria.