Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial Distribution and Abundance of Invasive Alien Plant Species in Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia

Introduction and spread of invasive alien plant species is affecting natural environment, economy, and society, including human health. The current threats posed by existing invasive alien plant species are significant and are growing at an alarming rate . As a result, Habitats such as roadsides, arable lands, grazing lands, villages and towns are in a great challenge of suffering from the invasion of IAPS in the study area . Therefore, mapping the spatial distribution of invasive alien plant species was carried out in Gamo Gofa Zone. The objective of this study was to examine the distribution and abundance of invasive alien plant species and develop the distribution map of major invasive alien plant species that is crucial for environmental monitoring and early warning systems. In order to achieve the objectives latitude and longitude coordinates was recorded at 10 kms intervals using hand held GPS in 12 accessible Districts and presence/absence and abundance of invasive alien plant species was observed and recorded. The distribution maps of invasive alien plant species were prepared using latitude and longitude coordinates recorded by GPS in different locations of the study area. The results of the study indicated that major invasive alien plant species that are found in Gamo Gofa Zone include Parthenium hysterophorus, Prosopis juliflora and Lantana camara. Other invasive alien plant species observed and recorded as minor invaders in the study area were; Senna occidentalis, Xanthium strumarium, Parkinsonia acuelata and Calotropis procera. During field observation, heavy infestation of invasive alien plant species was recorded on the roadsides followed by arable land. On the other hand, natural forest is the least infested habitat in the study area. Generally, disturbed habitats are more infested by invasive alien plant species than natural habitats.
Mean and fluctuating basal forces generated by granular flows: Laboratory observations in a large vertically rotating drum

A flowing granular mass generates forces on the boundary that drive near‐bed grain dynamics, bed surface erosion, and energy dissipation. Few quantitative analyses exist of the controls on the dynamically fluctuating force caused by granular flows with wide‐grain‐size distributions and a liquid phase in the pores. To study the mechanisms controlling the boundary forces, we used a 225 cm2 load plate to measure the bed‐normal force from a suite of granular flows in a 4 m diameter, 80 cm wide vertically rotating drum. We analyzed the time series of bed forces generated in flows composed of granular material for both narrow (gravel‐water) and wide (muddy, sand‐gravel‐cobble) grain‐size distributions. The tail of the force distribution was captured more closely by a generalized Pareto distribution than an exponential distribution, suggesting a way to predict empirically the force distribution. We show that the impulse on the bed, related to kinetic energy transferred to the bed from the granular collisions, is quantified by the standard deviation of the force. The mean bulk force equaled the static weight of the flow, whereas the force fluctuations, represented by the standard deviation and the averaged top 1% of force, were a near‐linear function of effective grain diameter and flow velocity, and a ∼0.5 power function of an inertial stress scaling term. The force fluctuations depend on both Savage and Bagnold numbers. The correlations revealed in this study suggest that it may be possible to estimate dynamic forces on the bed from gross properties of the flows.
Association of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation With All-Cause Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about unprecedented global health challenges, with its impact extending beyond respiratory manifestations to encompass cardiovascular complications, including arrhythmias. Dysrhythmias in COVID-19 are multifactorial, ranging from direct myocardial insult due to the cytokine storm to metabolic derangements. Objective In this study, we aim to examine the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation and to study its association with all-cause mortality of COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Cabell Huntington Hospital, West Virginia, utilizing electronic medical records of COVID-19 patients from 2020 to 2021. Inclusion criteria comprised patients aged >18 years with COVID-19 diagnosis and cardiac arrhythmias during hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between demographic and clinical variables and in-hospital mortality. Results Of the 264 eligible patients, those aged >66 years had lower odds of in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001), while gender, ejection fraction, and diabetes mellitus did not significantly predict mortality. Atrial fibrillation (p = 0.011) and heart failure (p = 0.030) were associated with increased odds of mortality, while hypertension showed no significant predictive power (p = 0.791). Conclusion This study highlights the significance of atrial fibrillation and heart failure as predictors of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. Our findings underscore the importance of recognizing and managing arrhythmias in COVID-19 and call for further research on the mechanisms and long-term effects of these cardiac complications in the context of the pandemic. These insights can guide clinical practice and interventions to optimize patient outcomes.
Investment, Funding Decisions, Firm Value with Corporate Governance as Variable Moderation in Indonesia Stock Exchange

Purpose : This study aims to examine the effect of investment decisions and funding decisions on company value with good corporate governance as a moderating variable in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and included in the CGPI rating for the period 2017 -2021. The sampling technique was used for 5 years. Method : The sample for this research was purposive sampling with a total sample of 17 state-owned and non-state-owned mining companies. Analysis technique research model using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Findings : The research results show that investment decisions affect firm value. Investment decisions moderated by corporate governance have a positive effect on firm value, while funding decisions moderated by corporate governance have a negative effect on firm value. Novelty: The presence of corporate governance as a moderating variable on the influence of investment decisions and funding decisions on firm value Keywords: Investment Decisions; Funding; Firm Value; Corporate Governance
Relationship of Vegetation Distribution to Soil Properties in Kärkevagge, Swedish Lapland

Abstract Kärkevagge, an alpine ecosystem in the subarctic, has been the subject of scientific study for half a century. We investigated the relationship of its vegetation to soil properties. At the lowest elevations, on stable portions of the landscape dominated by Betula and Empetrum, are found Spodosols developed in glacio-fluvial sediments. Cryosaprists occur in scattered bedrock depressions with bog-type vegetation. Cryofluvents are found in flood-prone areas covered by dwarf-willow thickets. Intermediate elevations have meadow-type vegetation with Cryofluvents on floodplains and on lower colluvial slopes, Cryaquents in wetter areas, and Cryorthents on steeper soliflucted slopes. Above that, on steep, west-facing Dryas-covered colluvial slopes, soils are Ca-rich Eutrocryepts and Haplocryolls. The highest-elevation soils are infertile with poor horizonation, despite their possible antiquity, and vegetation that is largely cryptogams. Dystrocryepts occur on more stable alpine locations; Cryorthents on soliflucted areas; and Haploturbels, with shallow permafrost, above 1400 m. Measured annual soil temperatures range from +2.4°C at a Dryas site to −3.4°C at 1585 m at an alpine cryptogam site. Vegetation distribution in Kärkevagge is related to climatic factors, which are controlled by elevation and landscape position, and edaphic factors, which control soil moisture and nutrient availability.
Mentoring as complementary support for learner engagement

Student engagement is linked to student success and shaped by the availability of student support through their academic journeys. Improving engagement with adequate support strategies is a continuous challenge for open and distance learning (ODL) institutions. However, there is limited understanding of how student engagement experience can be influenced by a support team outside the instructional context of faculty presence. In 2020, the Open Polytechnic (OP) Te P? kenga, a specialist provider of open distance education in New Zealand, implemented a three-tiered framework for student support. This system includes technology-supported mentoring interventions that are aligned to, and separate from, academic faculty support; the mentoring system gives students access to consistent engagement opportunities during their course journeys. The current project examines how students perceived these mentoring interventions, and this paper specifically examines the perceptions of newly enrolled online students on their experiences of the mentoring interventions during onboarding. Students in two introductory level block courses participated in an online, qualitative survey and their responses were thematically analysed following a deductive approach. Key themes in the data were related to the concepts of transactional presence and emotional engagement. These findings demonstrate the value of complementary non-academic support during student onboarding.
Low Turn-On Voltage and High-Power Figure-of-Merit GaN HEMTs With Reverse Blocking Capability

In this article, we demonstrate high-performance reverse blocking GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with a recessed-drain structure on AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN double heterostructure. By using a low damage recessed-drain structure, the turn-on voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {ON}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as small as 0.35 V is achieved. Furthermore, owing to enhanced carrier confinement, a low subthreshold swing (SS) of 63 mV/decade and a high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {ON}} / {I}_{\text {OFF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ratio of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{{10}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are attained. Meanwhile, the threshold voltage shift is less than 0.15 V under the gate bias stresses of −20, −10, and 2 V. The fabricated devices show an excellent gate-bias-induced threshold voltage stability. Furthermore, the proposed devices present a high forward breakdown voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {FBR}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 2732 V, a high reverse breakdown voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {RBR}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of −2764 V, and a low reverse leakage current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {R}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.6 nA/mm at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {DS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = −2500 V. The forward and reverse power figures-of-merits (FOMs) of the fabricated devices are 526 and 538 MW/cm2, respectively, which are the highest among all existing GaN HEMTs with reverse blocking capability.
Growth and development of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as affected by different methods of pendimethalin application.

Weed management is one of the most important factors in obtaining maximum crop productivity. An experiment was carried out consecutively for two years at the Research Farm of Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan during 2007 and 2008 to investigate the most appropriate and the safest method of pendimethalin application and its effects on % weed control, seed cotton yield and its components. Cotton cultivar CIM-496 was sown during the 3 rd week of May in both the seasons on silty loam soil. Five different methods were evaluated which included application of pendimethalin 33% @ 2.5 litres ha -1 (0.825 kg ha -1 ) on prepared land and incorporated into the soil followed by making bed furrow, application on prepared seed bed before making bed furrow, application on dry bed furrow before dibbling and applying irrigation, immediately after planting in standing water and 24 hours after planting in moist soil. Results indicated that application of pendimethalin 33% on dry bed furrow before applying irrigation produced 82.5 % broad leaf and 84.1 % narrow leaf weed control which ultimately led towards obtaining seed cotton yield of 2689 kg ha -1 which was 115.1% higher than the weedy check. However, spray on dry soil and incorporation, which gave 2547 kg ha -1 was also statistically at par with the top
THE TRAVERSETTE (ITALIA) ROCKFALL: GEOMORPHOLOGICAL INDICATOR OF THE HANNIBALIC INVASION ROUTE*

Numerous small, low volume rockfalls around the crest of the Italian and French Alps, principally formed from calcareous mica schist and metabasalt, have impeded travel across the major cols for millennia. As documented by Polybius and Livy in the ancient literature, Hannibal's Army was blocked by a two-tier rockfall on the lee side of the Alps, a rubble sheet of considerable volume that delayed his exit into the upper Po River Country. An in-depth study of the possible cols reveals that the only such two-tier landform lies below the Col de la Traversette, at ∼2600 m above sea level. In addition, it represents a problem in applied geomorphology, namely, to accurately determine the nature of the surface rubble sheet in Hannibal's time (218 BC ). A reconstruction of the initial deposit, likely Late Glacial, following the retreat of the Po Glacier, is based upon an analysis of the source rock and geological setting. Further specifications on the geometry of the Neoglacial cover sediment are based on weathering characteristics, lichen cover and soil development. The 'myth' that Hannibal fired the rockfall to comminute boulders is plausible given the vegetation records which support tree growth nearby, but is unsubstantiated by the lack of any carbonized rock.
Wolf–Darwin lineament and plume–ridge interaction in northern Galápagos

The Wolf–Darwin Lineament (WDL), located in the northwestern sector of the Galápagos Archipelago, lies between the focus of the Galápagos hot spot and the Galápagos Spreading Center. Consequently, most researchers have attributed its origin to the interaction between the plume and the adjacent ridge. We propose that the WDL is caused only partially by the plume–ridge interaction, and instead that it is primarily the result of tensional stresses emanating from the inside corner of the transform fault at 91°W. An additional factor that amplifies the tension in this region is the oblique orientation of the major transform fault with respect to the Nazca plate's spreading direction. This setting creates a transtensional zone whereby strain is partitioned into strike‐slip motion along the transform and extension throughout the inside corner of the ridge–transform system. The area under tension is magmatic owing to the overlapping effects of the ridge and the Galápagos plume. The extensional model predicts no age‐progressive volcanism, which is supported by observed age relationships. The WDL volcanoes define two distinct chemical groups: lavas erupted south of Wolf Island have compositions similar to those produced along the GSC west of 93°W, while those from the northern WDL resemble GSC lavas from the segment directly north of the lineament. This geographic distribution implies that the WDL is supplied by the same type of plume‐affected mantle as the segment of the GSC that produced the lithosphere underlying the volcanoes. The observed WDL geochemical gradients are consistent with the extension model; the region under tension simply taps hybrid products of mixing at the margins of the subridge convection system and the periphery of the plume. Essentially, the stress field around the transform fault, normally not observable in a typical midocean ridge setting, is illuminated by the presence of melt from the adjacent hot spot.
Basin compartmentalization and drainage evolution during rift inversion: evidence from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia

Abstract The Cenozoic stratigraphic infill of hinterland and foreland basins in central Colombia holds the record of basin development during tectonic inversion of rift in the context of subduction orogenesis. A comprehensive review of detrital U–Pb geochronologic and thermochronologic data reveals that activation of interconnected fault systems in the hinterland Magdalena Valley and the Eastern Cordillera occurred coevally since Paleocene time. Longitudinal basins were fed by detritus shed from the Central Cordillera carried along axial drainage systems in open basins in times where slow deformation rates prevailed. Faster deformation since Oligocene resulted in the transient formation of internally drained basins. Differential along-strike exhumation and subsidence patterns in the Eastern Cordillera and the foredeep, respectively, document tectonic acceleration since late Miocene, which we attribute to superimposed collision of the Panama arc leading to oroclinal bending in the Cordillera. Our data documents that the inherited structural grain led to the formation of longitudinal drainage patterns, even in closed basins, which seem to be a general feature of early stages of inversion. We hypothesize that the presence of more humid climatic conditions and faster tectonic rates along the range’s eastern margin favoured the development of internally drained basins, as has also been shown in the Central Andes. Supplementary material: Methods details (zircon grains preparation, zircon U–Pb measurements, laboratory conditions and input constraints for AFT thermal modelling) and repository are available at http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18628
Distribution of Ribbed Moraine in the Lac Naococane Region, Central Québec, Canada

Abstract Please click here to download the map associated with this article. Ribbed moraines are large subglacially formed transverse ridges that cover extensive areas of the beds of the former Laurentide, Fennoscandian and Irish ice sheets. Since the flow speeds and stability of ice sheets are known to be sensitive to conditions operating at the bed, a full understanding of the processes of ribbed moraine genesis are critical if we are to appreciate their role in ice sheet dynamics. To date, advances in knowledge on how ribbed moraines are formed rely on inferences drawn from their characteristics. However, this approach is problematic given that ribbed moraine characteristics are poorly known. Scrutiny of the literature reveals that detailed observations are limited to small areas and rely on small sample sizes. Thus, generalisations drawn from this base cannot be regarded as being representative and remain an inadequate data source for testing the various hypotheses. The map forms part of a large study that investigated ribbed moraine characteristics in Ireland, Canada and Sweden over a combined area of 81,000 km2 that has addressed this deficit. It shows the distribution of ribbed moraine ridges in the Lac Naococane region, central Québec and covers an area of 32,400 km2. It comprises over 12,800 individual ridges and forms part of a database of over 33,000 individually mapped landforms which reveal ribbed moraine characteristics to be more complex than has hitherto been reported.
Phenotypic characterization and diversity analysis of a collection of Gladiolus cultivars in India using morpho-physiological traits

Gladiolus is a beautiful ornamental geophyte valued for varieties with attractive florets and various colors. The genetic diversity of Gladiolus is tremendous due to species richness, outcrossing nature and heterozygosity. In the current study, phenotypic characterization and diversity assessment of 84 Indian and exotic-bred genotypes were investigated. Among different quantitative and qualitative traits, the coefficient of variation varied from 7.90% (androecium length) to 48.23% (chlorophyll ‘b’). All qualitative characteristics were polymorphic. In correlation analysis, 136 out of 253 pairwise inter-trait combinations revealed significant and positive correlations, although a significant and negative connection was found between the duration of flowering and the time of the beginning of flowering. Indirect selection for plant height, rachis length, and corm fresh weight may aid in the development of the linked traits. Principal component analysis revealed that six out of the 17 principal component axis had Eigen-values greater than one, accounting for 79.31% of the overall variability. The stable expression and better performance of Gladiolus genotypes for quantitative traits, such as plant height, length of the leaf blade, corm fresh weight, floret length, tepal length, and floret width would be useful in selection of superior offspring from hybridization. Cluster analysis divided whole germplasm into two major clusters: cluster I (29 genotypes) and cluster II (55 genotypes). Genotypes observed in subcluster Ia (08 genotypes) and subcluster IIc (13 genotypes) are relatively dissimilar from one another. Cultivar’ Victor’ is found to be relatively distinct among all genotypes because of taller plants, bigger corms, short flowering duration, and maximum corm fresh weight. Therefore, these set of genotypes can serve as a reference collection for DUS testing of novel varieties and genotype-specific information generated from this study can be useful for breeders to claim protection for their varieti
Three-dimensional structure of ionospheric currents 2. Currents caused by semidiurnal tidal winds

Ionospheric three-dimensional currents caused by semidiurnal tidal winds are examined by a magnetic field line coordinate system, assuming infinite parallel conductivity. Electrostatic potential generated by (2,2) tidal mode is mainly distributed in the low-latitude region, compared with that by (2,4) mode. Height integrated currents obtained by using the authors' assumed wind field are too strong and not similar to a normal Sq current system, unlike that of (1,−2) mode. Therefore these currents do not seem to flow normally, but their structure resembles that of equatorial counterelectrojet in the afternoon, and their variation may be one of the causes of day-to-day changes in Sq currents.
Composite minor intrusions, and the slieve gullion complex, ireland

The paper consists of two parts, both furnishing evidence that partially consolidated basalt can chill against penetrating acid veins. This recalls work by R. E. Wilcox on a mixed lava at Gardiner River, 1944. Part I is mainly concerned with certain composite intrusions where basic margins carry quartz xenocrysts and acid interiors carry quartz phenocrysts. It is argued that basalt magma rose from a deep source through quartz-porphyry rock, melting and incorporating contacts. Presently the quartz-porphyry melted bodily, and, no longer penetrable, followed its basaltic forerunner into the upper world. Being cooler than the basalt, it often appreciably chilled what it did not drive forward. Part II introduces some new features into the structural interpretation of the North-West Belt of intrusions at Slieve Gullion, and claims that these intrusions and also the ring-dyke of earlier date have been accompanied by marked distortion of country-rock. The granophyre of the North-West Belt seems to be essentially earlier than the associated dolerites. These latter melt the granophyre at contact and chill against rheomorphic veins. Much of D. L. Reynolds' work from 1937 onwards is accepted, including extensive remaking of Newry Devonian granodiorite under Tertiary conditions; but certain hypotheses of surface volcanitity and deep-seated metamorphism are criticised.