Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying Preoperative Predictors for 24-Hour Discharge After Elective Hip and Knee Arthroplasties

Introduction The resumption of elective medical services post-pandemic has brought to the forefront the importance of outpatient arthroplasty services in promoting efficiency and mitigating hospital-acquired infections. This study aimed to identify preoperative factors that predict the success of outpatient lower limb arthroplasty surgeries. Methods Our investigation involved a retrospective review of 606 patients who underwent elective hip and knee arthroplasty. We documented variables such as the hospital length of stay, patient demographics (age and gender), Oxford Joint Scores, body mass index, socioeconomic status, American Society of Anaesthesiologists' (ASA) physical status classification, comorbid conditions, the Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI), preoperative blood test results, implant types, scheduling details of the surgery, and rates of readmission within 30 days post-surgery. A two-step analysis using univariate and multivariate regression models was performed to pinpoint preoperative indicators that could predict same-day discharge following arthroplasty. Results Forty-five patients (7.4%) were discharged within 24 hours of surgery. Early discharge did not correlate with higher rates of readmission within 30 days (p>0.05). Neither weekend nor afternoon surgeries significantly extended the length of stay beyond 24 hours (p>0.05). No significant differences in the prevalence of comorbidities, FCI scores, socioeconomic status, or preoperative blood test results were found when comparing patients discharged within 24 hours to those who stayed longer. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients younger than 65 years (relative risk (RR) 2.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-5.74) and those receiving partial knee arthroplasty (RR 8.91; 95% CI 3.05-26.04) were more likely to be discharged within 24 hours. Conclusions Outpatient arthroplasty is a viable option, especially for individuals younger than 65 years undergoing partial knee arthroplasty, independent of other patient-related factors, comorbidities, and specifics of the hospital episode.
Combined 18F‐FDG PET‐CT markers in dementia with Lewy bodies

18F‐Fluoro‐deoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) is a supportive biomarker in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) diagnosis and its advanced analysis methods, including radiomics and machine learning (ML), were developed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the FDG‐PET diagnostic performance in predicting a DLB versus Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis.
Research on Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Scenic Tourist Activity Based on Sina Microblog:A Case Study of Nanjing Zhongshan Mountain National Park

With the rapid development of the social network and information communication technology,social network service information represented by the microblog has increased gradually and also been recognized as new data sources and perspectives for the study of tourists′activity behaviors.This paper focused on the Sina Microblog and introduced the LBS check-in data,which can be divided by gender and regional properties,then studied by " horizontal", " vertical" time layering method.In this way,the empirical research can be achieved,which aims at the study of the space-time evolution characteristics of tourists′activities in Nanjing Zhongshan Mountain National Park.The study found that it demonstrates remarkable gender characteristics in virtual social network and physical geographical space,especially the social constraints of female characteristics in real life that cannot be reflected in the virtual network space.At the same time,the activity characteristics of local visitors and foreign visitors in the scenic spot also present clear differences;foreign visitors′activities have more significant time evolution rules.In addition,the non-scenic spots leisure areas have been regarded as important components of virtual network space,which will reveal the tourists′activity characteristics in the scenic spot indirectly.
Human Metapneumovirus in Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect segments of the M (matrix), N (nucleoprotein), and F (fusion) genes of human metapneumovirus in bronchoalveolar fluid from 30 infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Seventy percent of them were coinfected with metapneumovirus. Such coinfection might be a factor influencing the severity of bronchiolitis.
Combined Less-invasive Surgical and Endovascular Technique to Minimise Operative Trauma and Treat Excessive Aortoiliac Thrombotic Obliteration with Popliteo-crural Involvement and Acute Limb Ischaemia

This article demonstrates a less-invasive combined surgical and endovascular alternative approach in a case in which an excessive thrombotic formation in the infrarenal aorta caused occlusion of the iliac artery and the ipsilateral crural arteries. A 51-year-old man was admitted to the authors’ hospital with symptomatology of acute lower limb ischaemia. He had undergone endovascular treatment with placement of kissing stents in the common iliac arteries 2 years previously. A CT angiography scan revealed an extensive thrombus formation in the entire infrarenal aorta occluding the distal infrarenal aorta, the iliac artery and the crural arteries. He underwent a hybrid approach, with exposure of only the right common femoral artery and over-the-wire embolectomy of the infrarenal aorta and the iliac artery, and after the restoration of the inflow, an embolectomy of the peripheral vessels was carried out. To cover the residual aortic thrombus and to restore the severe in-stent restenosis of the previously deployed bare stents, three covered balloon-expandable stents were deployed in kissing technique. The patient was discharged on the fourth postoperative day with palpable peripheral pulses. Combined surgical and endovascular techniques minimise the operative trauma and length of hospital stay for the patient, successfully restoring the perfusion in a physiological manner.
Hand and wrist complaints in dialysis nurses in Germany: a survey of prevalence, severity, and occupational associations

Abstract Background and Objective Occupations involving repetitive movements of the wrists, activities that require a lot of force, and hand-arm swinging are particularly likely to contribute to the development of hand and wrist complaints. The daily setup and dismantling of dialysis machines as part of the dialysis treatment process can strain the wrists and fingers of nurses. However, evidence regarding the relationship between the work activities of dialysis nurses and the incidence of hand and wrist complaints is limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of hand and wrist complaints among dialysis nurses in Germany and to relate these to their work activities. Methods An online survey was created and sent to 836 dialysis centres in Germany. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used in an online survey to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in the hands and wrists. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) was used to assess symptom severity. Dialysis nurses rated the effort required to set up dialysis machines using the BORG-CR10 scale. The analysis was descriptive. Results A total of 122 dialysis nurses (18 male, 104 female; mean age 45 ± 12 years) participated in the survey, and 59% of them reported developing hands or wrist complaints in the last 12 months. According to BCTQ, the average severity of these complaints is 2.0 ± 0.8 (N = 72). The severity of symptoms increased significantly with the number of setups performed by a dialysis nurse per day (rs = 0.35, P = 0.003, N = 72). The nurses rated the effort required to set up the dialysis machines as 2.8 ± 1.8 on the BORG-CR10 scale (N = 101). Discussion The results of the online survey showed that dialysis nurses were more likely than the general population to experience hand and wrist complaints. The repetitive activities of the hands and wrists while setting up a dialysis machine are thought to be the cause. Conclusions Preventive measures are needed to reduce hand and wrist strain in dialysis nurses.
Variability in feed intake the first days following weaning impacts gastrointestinal tract development, feeding patterns, and growth performance in nursery pigs

Abstract The present study investigated the effects of voluntary feed intake (FI) the first days after weaning on gastrointestinal development and protein fermentation the first week after weaning and growth performance and feeding patterns during the nursery phase. A total of 144 mixed-sex weaned pigs (24 ± 2 d old; 7.2 ± 0.8 kg body weight [BW]) were allocated to 12 pens with 12 pigs/pen. Each pen was equipped with an electronic feeding station for monitoring individual FI during a 40-d study. Pigs were classified based on their cumulative FI over the initial 3 d after weaning (FId1-3) being above or below their pen median FId1-3 (high = 919 ± 244 g or low = 507 ± 222 g FId1-3). Similarly, weaning BW classes (BW0; high = 7.72 ± 0.59 kg or low = 6.62 ± 0.88 kg BW) were created to study interactions with FId1-3. Two female pigs with either a high or a low FId1-3 per pen (n = 24) were selected for sampling at d6 and were used to study gastrointestinal development and fermentation products in the small intestine. Feeding patterns per day, FI, and growth performance were measured individually. Low FId1-3 pigs had lower (P < 0.05) daily FI during d0 to d8, d8 to d15, and d22 to d28, BW on d15, d22, d29, and d40, and average daily gain during d0 to d8, d22 to d29, and d29 to d40 compared to high FId1-3. High FId1-3 pigs increased (P < 0.05) the number of visits to the feeder between d1 to d13 and d31 to d35, and the time spent per visit only for d1 to d4 (P < 0.05). The daily rate of FI (g/min) was higher (P < 0.05) for High FId1-3 pigs on d6, d8, d9, and d10, and again several days later (d20 to d39). In addition, the high FId1-3 × high BW0 interaction improved daily FI during d18 to d40 compared to low FId1-3 × low BW0 class (P < 0.05). For the sampling on d6, low FId1-3 pigs had a lighter small intestine, colon, and pancreas, and reduced villi length, smaller villi surface area, and a lower number of goblet cells size in jejunum (P < 0.05), while concentrations of lactic acid, histamine, and cadaverine in small intestinal content were increased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, pigs with high FId1-3 became faster eaters with higher FI and growth rates toward the second half of the nursery, which was similar and additive for pigs with higher weaning BW. High FId1-3 was also associated with greater development of the gastrointestinal tract and a reduced protein fermentation 1-wk after weaning.
The role of artificial intelligence and convolutional neural networks in the management of melanoma: a clinical, pathological, and radiological perspective

Clinical dermatoscopy and pathological slide assessment are essential in the diagnosis and management of patients with cutaneous melanoma. For those presenting with stage IIC disease and beyond, radiological investigations are often considered. The dermatoscopic, whole slide and radiological images used during clinical care are often stored digitally, enabling artificial intelligence (AI) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) to learn, analyse and contribute to the clinical decision-making. A keyword search of the Medline database was performed to assess the progression, capabilities and limitations of AI and CNN and its use in diagnosis and management of cutaneous melanoma. Full-text articles were reviewed if they related to dermatoscopy, pathological slide assessment or radiology. Through analysis of 95 studies, we demonstrate that diagnostic accuracy of AI/CNN can be superior (or at least equal) to clinicians. However, variability in image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, and feature extraction remains challenging. With current technological abilities, AI/CNN and clinicians synergistically working together are better than one another in all subspecialty domains relating to cutaneous melanoma. AI has the potential to enhance the diagnostic capabilities of junior dermatology trainees, primary care skin cancer clinicians and general practitioners. For experienced clinicians, AI provides a cost-efficient second opinion. From a pathological and radiological perspective, CNN has the potential to improve workflow efficiency, allowing clinicians to achieve more in a finite amount of time. Until the challenges of AI/CNN are reliably met, however, they can only remain an adjunct to clinical decision-making.
Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Impaired Muscle Strength And Physical Performance In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Findings From The English Longitudinal Study Of Ageing

Purpose Maintaining skeletal muscle function throughout life is a crucial component of successful ageing. Adequate vitamin D status may be important in preserving muscle function. We aimed to determine the association between impaired muscle function and serum vitamin D status in community-dwelling older adults. Falls were explored as a secondary aim. Methods Data were analyzed from adults aged ≥60 years, from Wave 6 of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA). Handgrip strength (HGS) and the short physical performance battery (SPPB) were employed as measures of muscle strength and physical function, respectively. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was assessed with concentration <30 nmol/L classed as vitamin D deficient. Results The study comprised 4157 community-dwelling adults with a mean age of 69.8 (SD 6.9). Overall, 30.6% had low HGS and 12.7% had low SPPB (≤6). Participants with the lowest serum 25(OH)D (<30 nmol/L) had the highest prevalence of impaired muscle strength and performance (40.4% and 25.2%) compared with participants with levels ≥50 nmol/L (21.6% and 7.9%). Consistent with this, vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L) was a significant determinant of low HGS (OR 1.44 [1.22, 1.71], p<0.001) and poor physical performance (OR 1.65 [1.31, 2.09], p<0.001) in the logistic regression models. Older adults partaking in regular moderate physical activity had significantly lower odds of impaired muscle strength (OR 0.65 [0.58, 0.79]) and physical function (OR 0.30 [0.24, 0.38]), p <0.001, respectively. Single or multiple falls (15.8% and 10.5% in past year) were not associated with vitamin D status. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency was associated with impaired muscle strength and performance in a large study of community-dwelling older people. It is generally accepted that vitamin D deficiency at the <30 nmol/L cut-off should be reversed to prevent bone disease, a strategy that may also protect skeletal muscle function in ageing.
Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of China Aster ( Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) cv. POORNIMA

The present investigation was carried out at Horticulture Research Station, Jambavadi Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat) during October 2014 to March 2015. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design. The treatments comprised of two factors (1) nitrogen with four level viz., 150 kg N ha -1 (N 1 ), 200 kg N ha -1 (N 2 ), 250 kg N ha -1 (N 3 ), 300 kg N ha -1 (N 4 ) and three levels of phosphorus i.e. 100 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 (P 1 ), 150 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 (P 2 ), 200 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 (P 3 ) with three replications. Both the highest levels of N and P significantly improved growth parameters i.e. plant height (51.56 cm), plant spread (328.67 cm 2 ), secondary branches per plant (17.67), fresh weight (137.22 g) and dry weight (69.78 g) in treatment N 4 (300 kg N ha -1 ) whereas, in case of phosphorus the plant height (47.08 cm), plant spread (316.00 cm 2 ), number of branches per plant (16.92), fresh weight (132.00 g) and dry weight (72 g) was noted in treatment P 3 (200 kg P 2 O 5 kg ha -1 ). Maximum flowering span (79.11 days), number of flowers per plant (24.78) and yield of flowers (22.67 t ha -1 ) were registered in 300 kg N ha -1 treatment. Similarly, maximum flowering span (71.58 days), number of flowers per plant (23.58) and yield of flowers (22.08 t ha -1 ) were registered in P 3 (200 kg P ha -1 ). Thus, cultivation of China aster in medium black soil, the fertilizer application at the rate of 300 kg N ha -1 in two splits (first half as basal application and remaining half at 30 days after transplanting) and 200 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 as basal dose has been found the best.
Cross-Modal Object Tracking via Modality-Aware Fusion Network and A Large-Scale Dataset

Visual tracking often faces challenges such as invalid targets and decreased performance in low-light conditions when relying solely on RGB image sequences. While incorporating additional modalities like depth and infrared data has proven effective, existing multi-modal imaging platforms are complex and lack real-world applicability. In contrast, near-infrared (NIR) imaging, commonly used in surveillance cameras, can switch between RGB and NIR based on light intensity. However, tracking objects across these heterogeneous modalities poses significant challenges, particularly due to the absence of modality switch signals during tracking. To address these challenges, we propose an adaptive cross-modal object tracking algorithm called Modality-Aware Fusion Network (MAFNet). MAFNet efficiently integrates information from both RGB and NIR modalities using an adaptive weighting mechanism, effectively bridging the appearance gap and enabling a modality-aware target representation. It consists of two key components: an adaptive weighting module and a modality-specific representation module.
Balancing Energy Efficiency and Distributional Robustness in Over-the-Air Federated Learning

The growing number of wireless edge devices has magnified challenges concerning energy, bandwidth, latency, and data heterogeneity. These challenges have become bottlenecks for distributed learning. To address these issues, this paper presents a novel approach that ensures energy efficiency for distributionally robust federated learning (FL) with over air computation (AirComp). In this context, to effectively balance robustness with energy efficiency, we introduce a novel client selection method that integrates two complementary insights: a deterministic one that is designed for energy efficiency, and a probabilistic one designed for distributional robustness. Simulation results underscore the efficacy of the proposed algorithm, revealing its superior performance compared to baselines from both robustness and energy efficiency perspectives, achieving more than 3-fold energy savings compared to the considered baselines.
Canonical Correspondence Analysis for Soil Properties and Heavy Metal Pollution from Pb-Zn Mine Tailings in Different Land Use Types

The collapse of the lead-zinc mine tailing dam in Sidi village( Yangshuo,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and SW China) led to the spread of mining waste spills on the farmland along the river. Past reports concentrated on environmental pollution caused by metal mining process,and were less focused on the special pattern of heavy metal pollution caused by the dam collapse. Canonical correspondence analysis( CCA) was employed to reveal the relationship between heavy metal contamination and soil properties in different land use types around the polluted area. 12 soil samples from rice paddy fields,12 from corn fields and 9 from citrus orchards were collected from the surface layer( 0- 20 cm) to analyze SOC,AN,AP,AK,CEC,C /N,pH,total and DTPA-extractable Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd. The results show that Pb-Zn mine tailing sand is a multi-mineral orebody of which Pb,Zn and Cd are the main pollutants and Cd is the environmental risk key factor controlling the soil quality. The spatial distribution pattern of Pb and Zn affected by land use type is more obvious. Moreover,from the arrow distribution of heavy metals,it can be seen that the heavy metal pollution was relatively more serious in the rice paddy fields than in the corn fields and citrus orchards. From the distance between the heavy metals arrow and the soil properties point,the combined pollution of Pb,Zn,Cu and Cd decreased CEC content and increased SOC concentration,but had only small effects on soil pH value and available nutrients( AN,AP,AK). There existed positive significant correlations between heavy metals and SOC. The SOC content in rice paddy fields was 18. 14 g /kg,and had the significant statistical differences with other land use types. In summary,Pb-Zn tailing sands as the sustained release source of heavy metals have the consecutive inputting mechanism into the soil,which inhibited microbial communities' metabolism,resulting in carbon accumulation,and then influenced the carbon cycle in the area.
A Generalized Shuffle Framework for Privacy Amplification: Strengthening Privacy Guarantees and Enhancing Utility

The shuffle model of local differential privacy is an advanced method of privacy amplification designed to enhance privacy protection with high utility. It achieves this by randomly shuffling sensitive data, making linking individual data points to specific individuals more challenging. However, most existing studies have focused on the shuffle model based on (ε0,0)-Locally Differentially Private (LDP) randomizers, with limited consideration for complex scenarios such as (ε0,δ0)-LDP or personalized LDP (PLDP). This hinders a comprehensive understanding of the shuffle model's potential and limits its application in various settings. To bridge this research gap, we propose a generalized shuffle framework that can be applied to PLDP setting. This generalization allows for a broader exploration of the privacy-utility trade-off and facilitates the design of privacy-preserving analyses in diverse contexts. We prove that the shuffled PLDP process approximately preserves μ-Gaussian Differential Privacy with μ = O(1/√n). This approach allows us to avoid the limitations and potential inaccuracies associated with inequality estimations. To strengthen the privacy guarantee, we improve the lower bound by utilizing hypothesis testing instead of relying on rough estimations like the Chernoff bound or Hoeffding's inequality. Furthermore, extensive comparative evaluations clearly show that our approach outperforms existing methods in achieving strong central privacy guarantees while preserving the utility of the global model. We have also carefully designed corresponding algorithms for average function, frequency estimation, and stochastic gradient descent.
Multimodal Attention Merging for Improved Speech Recognition and Audio Event Classification

Training large foundation models using self-supervised objectives on unlabeled data, followed by fine-tuning on downstream tasks, has emerged as a standard procedure. Unfortunately, the efficacy of this approach is often constrained by both limited fine-tuning compute and scarcity in labeled downstream data. We introduce Multimodal Attention Merging (MAM), an attempt that facilitates direct knowledge transfer from attention matrices of models rooted in high resource modalities, text and images, to those in resource-constrained domains, speech and audio, employing a zero-shot paradigm. MAM reduces the relative Word Error Rate (WER) of an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model by up to 6.70%, and relative classification error of an Audio Event Classification (AEC) model by 10.63%. In cases where some data/compute is available, we present Learnable-MAM, a data-driven approach to merging attention matrices, resulting in a further 2.90% relative reduction in WER for ASR and 18.42% relative reduction in AEC compared to fine-tuning.