Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Microbial Link to Weathering of Postglacial Rocks and Sediments, Mount Viso Area, Western Alps, Demonstrated through Analysis of a Soil/Paleosol Bio/Chronosequence

Understanding the mechanism associated with rates of weathering and evolution of rocks→sediment→soil→paleosol in alpine environments raises questions related to the impact of microbial mediation versus various diverse abiotic chemical/physical processes, even including the overall effect of cosmic impact/airburst during the early stage of weathering in Late Glacial (LG) deposits. This study is of a chronosequence of soils/paleosols, with an age range that spans the post–Little Ice Age (post-LIA; <150 yr), the Little Ice Age (LIA; AD 1500–1850), the middle Neoglacial (∼3 ka)–Younger Dryas (YD; <12.8 ka), and the LG (<15 ka). The goal is to elicit trends in weathering, soil morphogenesis, and related eubacterial population changes over the past 13–15 k.yr. The older LG/YD paleosols in the sequence represent soil morphogenesis that started during the closing stage of Pleistocene glaciation. These are compared with undated soils of mid- to late Neoglacial age, the youngest of LIA and post-LIA age. All profiles formed in a uniform parent material of metabasalt composition and in moraine, rockfall, protalus, and alluvial fan deposits. Elsewhere in Europe, North America, and Asia, the cosmic impact/airburst event at 12.8 ka often produced a distinctive, carbon-rich “black mat” layer that shows evidence of high-temperature melting. At this alpine site, older profiles of similar LG age contain scorched and melted surface sediments that are otherwise similar in composition to the youngest/thinnest profiles developing in the catchment today. Moreover, microbial analysis of the sediments offers new insight into the genesis of these sediments: the C and Cu (u = unweathered) horizons in LG profiles present at 12.8 ka (now Ah/Bw) show bacterial population structures that differ markedly from recent alluvial/protalus sample bacterial populations. We propose here that these differences are, in part, a direct consequence of the age/cosmic impact/weathering processes that have occurred in the chronosequence. Of the several questions that emerge from these sequences, perhaps the most important involve the interaction of biotic-mineral factors, which need to be understood if we are to generally fully appreciate the role played by microbes in rock weathering.
Thyroid Cancer Knowledge and Awareness in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Thyroid cancer incidence has been increasing worldwide over the last few decades. It is the most common endocrine cancer and is most common among females. The study contributes to filling the knowledge gap among Saudi people regarding thyroid cancer. Objectives This research aims to investigate the level of thyroid cancer knowledge and awareness in Saudi Arabia, identify potential knowledge gaps, and develop targeted strategies for enhancing public awareness and education. Methods A cross-sectional, voluntary online survey was conducted from 1st August 2023 to 1st October 2023 among residents living in Saudi Arabia over 18 years of age. The participants included were 2030 respondents. Data analysis was performed using RStudio (R version 4.3.0; R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Results Among the participants, the majority were female (60.4%). A total of 49.7% of the individuals reported having a moderate to high level of knowledge about thyroid cancer. While 63.9% knew the association of a lump in the neck to thyroid cancer, 82.6% affirmed to consult a doctor upon discovering a lump, 72.1% knew that regular monitoring of neck lumps is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment of precancerous conditions, 38.7% were aware of females being prone to thyroid cancer, and 59.2% were aware of the link between lifestyle and increased risk. Higher awareness scores were positively associated with female gender, previously having thyroid function tests done, and previously undergoing a US scan of the thyroid. Conclusion In this study, Saudi individuals are reported to lack some aspects of knowledge and perception of thyroid cancer. This study emphasizes filling the existing knowledge gap in thyroid cancer awareness in the Saudi population.
Patient Reported Outcome of Palatal Donor Site After Harvesting Connective Tissue Graft With or Without Platelet-rich Fibrin: A Prospective Clinical Study

Aim: To evaluate the palatal donor site after harvesting connective tissue graft with or without platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Material and Methods: Forty-two patients requiring connective tissue grafting were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental palatal donor site (n = 21) received PRF before suturing, and the control palatal donor site (n = 21) was sutured without any PRF. Results: Among 42 enrolled patients requiring connective tissue grafting, 34 patients completed the study. After 10 days, there was an increase in the average thickness of the palatal surgical test site in PRF-treated patients, whereas it decreased in non-PRF-treated patients. Patients’ response and acceptance for the surgical treatment modality in terms of Patient Comfort Score (PCS) and Patient Appearance Score (PAS) showed less discomfort and better/pleasing appearance in the experimental group after treatment as compared with the control group. “Absolute contour match” of the healing lesion to adjacent mucosa was observed in 76.5% of experimental sites, and no “absolute contour match” was observed with the adjacent non-surgical tissue in the control group, whereas, at 3 and 12 weeks, a 100% “absolute match” with the adjacent tissue was observed for all esthetic parameters in both groups. Conclusion: PRF usage at the donor site seems to be a simple less-invasive approach of high significance resulting in more accelerated physiological healing phenomenon and better early healing response.
Benefit Realization Measurement: Do Electronic Medical Records Improve the Effectiveness of Data Management?

RSI Jemursari has implemented the electronic medical records system since 2016 to solve problems related to the management of medical record data. To determine the achievement of the objectives of implementing the system, it is necessary to measure the benefits realization. The method used to measure the benefits is the benefits realization management. The research stages include developing benefit result chain, developing benefits register, and benefit measurement. The results of this study indicate that all the benefits expected from the implementation of the electronic medical records system have been realized. The use of racks as many as 27 units was replaced with 1 server. 93% of medical record officers and 60% of registration officers agree that this system reduces paper usage and reduces file accumulation. Paper procurement costs of 150 million and storage space of 1 billion 410 million no longer need to be spent after electronic medical records are used. In terms of data, retrieval becomes faster. The previous search time of 5-15 minutes became 3.36 minutes. As many as 80% of respondents from medical record officers agree that this system make it easier to access. Overall, an increase in the effectiveness of data management was achieved.
A QoS Improving Downlink Scheduling Scheme for Slicing in 5G Radio Access Network (RAN)

The 5G standard is aimed at supporting Quality of Service (QoS)-constrained traffic types, enabling new services to be reliably built into scenarios such as industrial automation and smart cities. The support comes via a strong emphasis on resource virtualization in the form of slices. Due to the strong QoS constraints of each slice, determining how to actually split the radio resources among different slices, while considering simultaneously the priority of slices, network efficiency, and each slice's target QoS, is very challenging. In this paper, we propose a radio resource scheduling scheme, designed on the basis of a strong theoretical analysis, to address the challenges. We formulate a Chance-constrained optimum resource allocation problem, which is then converted into a low complexity deterministic knapsack problem utilizing the concept of effective bandwidth. The performance analysis proves that our proposal is better in efficiency than the existing schemes, under different network conditions and QoS constraints. Results clearly show the effectiveness of our scheme in the considered 5G scenarios.
The effect of perceived influence on brand loyalty mediated by brand trust among automotive consumers in YouTube

This study examines the impact of perceived influence on word-of-mouth and repurchase intentions, with brand trust as a moderator. This is an explanatory study using a quantitative approach. The study population consisted of Indonesians who had purchased a Yamaha brand motorcycle and followed automotive influencers on YouTube social media. Purposive sampling was utilized for the study. There were 206 samples in the study sample. This study collected data through surveys and documentation, and the instrument was tested using Likert scales. The data were analyzed using structural equation model partial least squares (SEM-PLS) modeling. The results of this study showed that Perceived Influence can increase attitude loyalty and behavioral loyalty of Yamaha motorcycle consumers. In Addition, Brand trust can increase behavioral loyalty and consumer attitudes influenced by automotive influencers on YouTube and social media. Brand Trust plays a partial mediating role in the influence of Perceived Influence on attitude and behavioral loyalty. The findings of this study suggest that Yamaha must pay attention to building attitudinal and behavioral consumer loyalty.
HCFC‐22 flux estimates over East Asia by inverse modeling from hourly observations at Hateruma monitoring station

[1] A series of high-frequency observations of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) at Hateruma Island (latitude 24.1°N, longitude 123.8°E) was used to evaluate the strength of various sources in East Asia by a tracer transport inversion. The forward calculation was conducted with a regional meteorological model using an online tracer transport scheme, and the inversion calculation used a Bayesian approach. On the basis of winter observations during 2005-2007, we estimated the annual HCFC-22 emission from China to be 32 Gg, which is nine times current estimates. The total uncertainty of the Chinese emission was reduced from 50% (a priori) to 15% (a posteriori) by the inversion calculation. A sensitivity study showed that the a posteriori values for China showed little dependency on the a priori values, whereas those for Japan, Korea, and Taiwan were considerably affected by the a priori values used. This can be explained by the more frequent high-concentration events from China observed at the Hateruma site. The a posteriori emission estimates from central China accounted for half of the total emissions from China.
A Continental Drift Flipbook

Forty‐six miniature plate tectonic reconstructions are presented that can be assembled into a “flipbook” that illustrates the movement of the continents since the Late Precambrian, 750 m.yr. ago. Six principal lines of evidence have been used to reconstruct the past positions of the continents: (1) linear magnetic anomalies produced by sea floor spreading, (2) paleomagnetism, (3) hotspot tracks and large igneous provinces, (4) the tectonic fabric of the ocean floor mapped by satellite altimetry, (5) lithologic indicators of climate (e.g., coals, salt deposits, tillites), and (6) the geologic record of plate tectonic history. I discuss the probable uncertainties associated with the plate tectonic reconstructions and give an estimate of the uncertainty in the positions of the continents back through time.
Modelling of the long-term behaviour of historical masonry towers

In March 1989 the Civic Tower in Pavia, a Middle-Ages masonry building nearly 58 m high, suddenly collapsed, killing four people and destroying part of the adjacent Cathedral, along with some of the buildings overlooking the surrounding square [1]. No special event, to which the collapse might be attributed, was monitored in the preceding months. Also, no evidence of signifi cant soil settlements was found. The results of a number of accelerated creep tests performed on samples extracted from the debris, along with fi nite element (FE) analyses of the tower, indicated that a possible origin for the collapse was the cumulation of creep-induced damage in time (see also Section 1.2). Indeed, under sustained loading some of the specimens failed at stress levels (see Section 2.2) comparable to the maximum values yielded by the numerical analyses. This remark was the starting point for an extensive research programme aiming at (1) characterizing the creep behaviour of ancient masonry; (2) developing theoretical models suitable to the description of creep evolution and creep-induced damage; and, fi nally, (3) assessing the safety of ancient masonry buildings subjected to heavy persistent loads through nonlinear structural analyses. In this chapter, a theoretical model developed by the authors is fi rst described (Section 7.2); the procedure employed to identify the model parameters from results of accelerated creep tests is also outlined in Section 7.2. 3. Then, the numerical results of structural analyses of two masonry towers are presented (Section 7.3), with particular emphasis on the description of the damage evolution in time, up to the predicted creep time to failure for the building. Finally, the obtained results are critically reviewed, and future improvements for the theoretical model are pointed out (Section 7.4).
Decadal Behavior of Tidal Inlet–Associated Beach Systems, Northwest Ireland, in Relation to Climate Forcing

Abstract Shoreline and ebb channel evolution between 1834 and 2008 was recorded at three embayed beaches in northwest Ireland with historically stable relative sea level. The beaches are geologically constrained within bedrock valleys and have minimal contemporary sediment input. Their behavior is strongly influenced by tidal-inlet dynamics of adjacent estuaries; major observed changes in shoreline position are linked to fluctuations in inlet ebb-channel orientation. Comparison of the available historical record of geomorphological change with instrumental and proxy climate records suggests that inlet changes may be driven by fluctuations in average storminess: periods of high storminess perturb the inlet system, causing major changes in ebb-channel configuration, after which sediment redistribution returns the system to its former state over a prolonged period (years to decades).
Plant Functional Groups in Alpine Fellfield Habitats of the White Mountains, California

Abstract An alpine fellfield community on granite substrate (elevation 3750 m) near the University of California Barcroft Laboratory in the White Mountains of eastern California was studied during the 2000 growing season to determine whether classic perennial life forms can be treated as plant functional groups. A series of 1-m2 quadrat samples were measured to determine common species. The four species with greatest cover were Penstemon heterodoxus var. heterodoxus, Trifolium andersonii var. beatleyae, Poa glauca subsp. rupicola, and Eriogonum ovalifolium var. nivale. These and four additional common perennial species were selected for ecophysiological studies representing four distinct ecological life forms: chamaephytes, cushion plants (including mat formers), herbaceous dicot perennials, and graminoid perennials. Summer midday leaf temperatures for species with foliage held close to ground surface were up to 20°C higher than air temperatures, whereas on upright species, leaves away from the ground surface closely matched ambient temperatures. For the eight species, peak values of mean maximum photosynthetic rates ranged from 11.5–25.5 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1, typical of published values, although chamaephytes in the study showed higher rates comparable to herbaceous perennials. Water-use efficiency, as estimated by a ratio of internal to ambient CO2, was relatively high (ci:ca ratios of 0.43–0.59) compared to published data. During the stressful end of the growing season, neither predawn nor midday shoot water potentials ever reached low levels, presenting conflicting evidence for the role of soil moisture as a limiting factor. Overall, the data on plant functional attributes showed no strong patterns of differences between categories of life forms in the fellfield community, suggesting that classical life forms in this habitat do not represent plant functional groups.
Socioeconomic Status and Health

Socioeconomic status (SES) is consistently associated with health outcomes, yet little is known about the psychosocial and behavioral mechanisms that might explain this association. Researchers usually control for SES rather than examine it. When it is studied, only effects of lower, poverty level SES are generally examined. However, there is evidence of a graded association with health at all levels of SES, an observation that requires new thought about domains through which SES may exert its health effects. Variables are highlighted that show a graded relationship with both SES and health to provide examples of possible pathways between SES and health end points. Examples are also given of new analytic approaches that can better illuminate the complexities of the SES-health gradient. T hroughout history, socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to health. Individuals higher in the social hierarchy typically enjoy better health than do those below; SES differences are found for rates of mortality and morbidity from almost every disease and condition (Antonovsky, 1967; Ulsley& Baker, 1991). Despite recognition for decades of this fundamental association, the reasons for its existence remain largely obscure. Because SES is such a powerful risk factor, a search for other etiologic factors in disease end points is often regarded as suspect unless the influence of SES is controlled. As a result, SES has been almost universally relegated to the status of a control variable and has not been systematically studied as an important etiologic factor in its own right. As Marmot, Kogevinas, and Elston (1987) noted, it is generally included "with as much regularity but with as little thought as . gender" (p. 111). Socioeconomic status is "a composite measure that typically incorporates economic status, measured by income ; social status, measured by education; and work status, measured by occupation" (Dutton & Levine, 1989, p. 30). The three indicators are interrelated but not fully overlapping variables. Often researchers use one or another of the indicators as the measure of SES. The fact that associations between SES and health are found with each of the indicators suggests that a broader underlying dimension of social stratification or social ordering is the potent factor. In this article we consider SES effects broadly and examine studies using a variety of specific indicators. Of those studies that have examined the health effects of SES, most have compared the health of individuals at the very bottom of the SES hierarchy either …
Distinctive Volcanic Material for the Production of Campana A Ware: The Workshop Area of Neapolis at the Duomo Metro Station in Naples, Italy

Recent transportation infrastructure works in Naples, Italy, provided important discoveries related to the production of pottery in the Hellenistic workshop area of Piazza Nicola Amore. A minero‐petrographic investigation was conducted on 35 samples belonging to the widespread Campana A ware and production indicators (clayey raw materials, unfired Graeco‐Italic amphorae, kiln wastes, workshop tools). Additional analysis was conducted on black‐glaze and common ware samples for comparison. The analyses reveal compositional and technological homogeneity of Campana A ware. Samples are characterized by low CaO content with evidence of both volcanic and sedimentary components, suggesting that different clay sources were properly mixed to prepare a standard recipe. Production indicators, black‐glaze and common wares, have a composition well consistent with the calcareous clays from the island of Ischia. Leucite‐ and garnet‐bearing temper from the Somma Volcano were used for the preparation of coarse‐grained pastes, unfired Graeco‐Italic amphorae, and clayey raw materials, thus suggesting that they represented the clay sources for amphorae production. Our results reveal new technological and socioeconomic aspects of Hellenistic pottery production in the Bay of Naples, in particular for the Campana A ware, now representing a new reference group: Neapolis.
A stream length study

The length of flowing channel in a small clay basin in southeast England was observed once per week over a period of 1 year. The main controls of the total length of flowing channel were found to be the effective rainfall during the previous week and the length of stream flowing at the time of the previous week's observation. Variations in the lengths of streams of different orders were studied, first-order streams being found to vary most.
Mid‐ and late‐Holocene climatic changes: a test of periodicity and solar forcing in proxy‐climate data from blanket peat bogs

A wide range of palaeoenvironmental evidence from the Holocene has suggested periodicities in the Earth's climate of 10s to 1000s of years. Identifying these millennial‐, century‐ and decadal periodicities, and their impacts, is critical in developing a fuller understanding of natural climate variability. Any solar‐induced climatic change needs to be distinguished from other causes of natural climate variability and from short‐term catastrophic events induced either by external or internal processes. Such events might themselves generate a periodicity, or in combination with other forcing factors they may contribute towards a periodicity (and so spuriously imply a universal and continuing periodicity in the climate record), or they may resonate with a solar‐induced periodicity. Here, evidence from peat records for periodicity in climate change over the mid to late Holocene is reviewed and this is followed by a test of the replicability of claimed periodicities using blanket peat data covering the past 2000 yr from four sites in the British Isles. Results suggest that the mires studied do go through phases of being responsive to periodic forcing factors, with ca. 200, ca. 80 and 60–50 yr wavelengths reflected in some data sets. However, the patterns shown are not consistent. This could be the result of local conditions at individual mires (human impact, sensitivity and vegetation succession) or of changes in the strength or nature of global forcing factors. Assessing a solar–mire link remains difficult because the century‐scale variations of the Sun show different intervals between solar minima, the durations of which are themselves unequal, and because the proxy‐climate data‐sets from peat profiles may themselves not be dated with sufficient precision and/or accuracy. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.