Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of exercise on sleep, melatonin level, and behavioral functioning in children with autism

Poor sleep quality and low behavioral functioning are commonly reported in children with autism spectrum disorder. This study examined the impact of exercise on sleep on melatonin level and behavioral functioning in the population. Children with autism spectrum disorder(n = 55; age = 10.97 ± 1.90) were randomly allocated to a morning jogging intervention group or a control group. Participants’ sleep was measured using actigraphy and sleep log assessments. Twenty-four-hour and first morning urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin were used to determine whether the exercise intervention could elicit changes in melatonin levels. Behavioral functioning of the participants was assessed by the repetitive subscale of the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale–3rd edition. All assessments were carried out in baseline, post-intervention, or regular treatment, and follow-up to elucidate the sustainability of the exercise effects. Positive changes were observed between baseline and post-intervention in actigraphy-assessed sleep efficiency and wake after sleep onset, as well as melatonin level and behavioral functioning within the intervention group (ps < 0.017). However, no significant changes were observed in all measurements between post-intervention and follow-up (ps > 0.05). The findings suggest that physical exercise is effective to improve sleep with an increase in melatonin level. It can also reduce repetitive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder. Lay abstract This study examined the impact of physical exercise on sleep and behavioral functioning in children (aged 8–12 years) with autism spectrum disorders. It also investigated whether exercise would alter endogenous melatonin level among the population. Participants were divided into two groups: exercise group (12–week, 30-min morning jogging intervention) and a control group (i.e. did not receive any physical exercise intervention during the study period). Significant improvements on sleep and behavioral functioning were found in the exercise group, but not in the control group Moreover, a significant increase in melatonin level was also shown in the exercise group. Findings of this study reconfirmed the sleep and behavioral benefits of exercise in children with autism spectrum disorder. Melatonin-mediated mechanism should be further explored to develop an effective treatment intervention.
A programmable and skin temperature–activated electromechanical synergistic dressing for effective wound healing

Mechanical regulation and electric stimulation hold great promise in skin tissue engineering for manipulating wound healing. However, the complexity of equipment operation and stimulation implementation remains an ongoing challenge in clinical applications. Here, we propose a programmable and skin temperature–activated electromechanical synergistic wound dressing composed of a shape memory alloy-based mechanical metamaterial for wound contraction and an antibacterial electret thin film for electric field generation. This strategy is successfully demonstrated on rats to achieve effective wound healing in as short as 4 and 8 days for linear and circular wounds, respectively, with a statistically significant over 50% improvement in wound closure rate versus the blank control group. The optimally designed electromechanical synergistic stimulation could regulate the wound microenvironment to accelerate healing metabolism, promote wound closure, and inhibit infection. This work provided an effective wound healing strategy in the context of a programmable temperature-responsive, battery-free electromechanical synergistic biomedical device.
In Vivo Effects of Prostaglandin Analogues Application by Topical Drops or Retrobulbar Injections on the Orbital Fat of a Rat Model

ABSTRACT Purpose To assess the in vivo effects of bimatoprost 0.03% (Lumigan®) on the orbital fat in a rat model. Methods Twenty rats were randomly divided into two groups: bimatoprost was administrated to the right eye by topical drops (group 1) or retrobulbar injection (group 2), and saline was administrated to the left eye by similar administration routes (controls). Four weeks later, all rats were sedated and euthanized, both orbits exenterated, and thin sections through the intraconal orbital fat were obtained. Results Average adipocyte cell count was significantly lower in the bimatoprost treated orbits (drops or retrobulbar injection, 29.5 vs. 67.5 cells per slide in the control globes, p=0.046). Fat cells were not detected in 9/20 (45%) bimatoprost treated orbits . Conclusions Orbits treated with bimatoprost by drops or retrobulbar injection demonstrated significant decrease in adipocytes cell count compared with controls. Bimatoprost could be an effective treatment for inactive thyroid eye disease.
Risks of ozonated oil and ozonated water on human skin: A systematic review

Ozonated water and oil are emerging as potential dermatologic therapeutics, particularly for the treatment of various wounds. However, the safety of these liquids has not been extensively studied. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the risks of ozonated liquids to human skin tissue based on the available literature. We completed a structured search of five scientific databases and identified 378 articles for consideration. Based on pre‐established inclusion/exclusion criteria, nine studies were included in this review. Two studies specifically evaluated the cytotoxicity of ozonated liquids on human cells, five studies evaluated ozonated liquids in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), one was a post‐market surveillance study, and one was a crossover study in humans. None of the included studies found any significant human dermatologic risks associated with ozonated water or liquid. Because of the small sample size, however, additional short‐ and long‐term RCTs specifically designed to evaluate the dermatological risks of ozonated liquids are recommended.
Can Mindfulness Improve Organizational Citizenship and Innovative Behaviors Through its Impact on Well-Being Among Academics?

Mindfulness has received considerable interest due to its positive outcomes for individuals however our understanding of how it may also result in positive outcomes for organizations is not fully understood. Using data collected from university academics (N = 255) in Northern Cyprus, we examine mindfulness as a factor that leads to Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Innovative Work Behaviors (IWB). We expect that eudaimonic well-being serves as the mechanism that links mindfulness to IWB and OCB. Our results show mindfulness improves eudaimonic well-being. Eudaimonic well-being fully mediates the Mindfulness—IWB relationship and partially mediates the Mindfulness—OCB relationship. Since the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of OCB and IWB for universities, our study has important implications for university managers and policymakers.
Anonymous Reporting Systems for School-Based Violence Prevention: A Systematic Review

Anonymous reporting systems (ARS) have been widely implemented in schools across the United States as a violence prevention strategy. The current study systematically reviewed the published literature on ARS in U.S. schools (including public and private k-12 schools, colleges, and universities) over the past 25 years to examine the effectiveness of ARS as a school safety and violence prevention strategy. We conducted a comprehensive literature search which identified just four studies pertaining to ARS in schools. Of note, only one of these studies was published in a peer-reviewed journal. Results from this systematic review point to the need for more empirical studies on the effectiveness of ARS as a violence prevention strategy. Findings from this review also highlight the wide variation across schools in the type of ARS used, the mode of implementation, and associated educational and training components. This review is a first step in documenting an evidence-base for ARS which will be useful in guiding educators and policymakers about best practices for the use of ARS in schools. Impact Statement Anonymous reporting systems (ARS) have been used as a violence prevention strategy in schools by providing a means for individuals within a school community to safely and securely report information about potential violence or concerns about mental health, for example, through an anonymous hotline or reporting app. Despite widespread implementation of ARS in schools, as well as mandates for reporting systems in schools in 21 states, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of ARS for school violence prevention, and information about best practices for ARS implementation is lacking. This systematic review aims to summarize the current research on the effectiveness of ARS as a school safety and violence prevention strategy, which is an important step in building an evidence-base to guide schools and policymakers about best practices.
The Immunomodulating Effects of Thalidomide and Dexamethasone in a Murine Cardiac Allograft Transplantation Model

Purpose The immunomodulatory effects of thalidomide (TM) and dexamethasone (DX) on immune cells and their co-stimulatory, co-inhibitory molecules in vitro and in vivo have been previously reported. The current study investigated the effects of TM and the combinatorial treatment with DX on immune cells using a murine cardiac allograft transplantation model. Materials and Methods Intraabdominal transplant of cardiac allografts from BALB/c (H-2d) donors to C57BL/6 (H-2b) recipients was performed. After transplantation, mice were injected daily with TM or DX or a combination of both TM and DX (TM/DX) by intraperitoneal route until the time of graft loss. CD4+ T cell subsets and CD11c+ cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and spleen were examined and quantified with flow cytometry. Serum IL-6 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on day 7. Results The mean graft survivals were 6.86 days in the untreated group, and 10.0 days in the TM/DX group (p<0.001). The TM/DX treatment affected the CD4+ T cell subsets without suppressing the total CD4+ T cell population. The CD4+FOXP3+/CD4+CD44hi T cell ratio increased. Increase in cell counts and median fluorescence intensity on CD11c+CD85k+ with TM/DX were observed. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 was also observed. Conclusion These outcomes suggest the immunomodulating effect of the TM/DX combinatorial treatment. In conclusion, TM/DX combination may be a promising immunomodulatory approach for preventing allograft rejection and improving graft survival by inducing tolerance in transplantation.
Comparative Single-Dose mRNA and ChAdOx1 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Including Variants of Concern: Test-Negative Design, British Columbia, Canada

Abstract Background In British Columbia, Canada, most adults 50–69 years old became eligible for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in April 2021, with chimpanzee adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1) restricted to ≥55-year-olds and second doses deferred ≥6 weeks to optimize single-dose coverage. Methods Among adults 50–69 years old, single-dose messenger RNA (mRNA) and ChAdOx1 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization, including variant-specific, was assessed by test-negative design between 4 April and 2 October 2021. Results Single-dose VE included 11 861 cases and 99 544 controls. Median of postvaccination follow-up was 32 days (interquartile range, 15–52 days). Alpha, Gamma, and Delta variants comprised 23%, 18%, and 56%, respectively, of genetically characterized viruses. At 21–55 days postvaccination, single-dose mRNA and ChAdOx1 VE (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 74% (71%–76%) and 59% (53%–65%) against any infection and 86% (80%–90%) and 94% (85%–97%) against hospitalization, respectively. VE (95% CI) was similar against Alpha and Gamma infections for mRNA (80% [76%–84%] and 80% [75%–84%], respectively) and ChAdOx1 (69% [60%–76%] and 66% [56%–73%], respectively). mRNA VE was lower at 63% (95% CI, 56%–69%) against Delta but 85% (95% CI, 71%–92%) against Delta-associated hospitalization (nonestimable for ChAdOx1). Conclusions A single mRNA or ChAdOx1 vaccine dose gave important protection against SARS-CoV-2, including early variants of concern. ChAdOx1 VE was lower against infection, but 1 dose of either vaccine reduced the hospitalization risk by >85% to at least 8 weeks postvaccination. Findings inform program options, including longer dosing intervals.
ERG amplification is a secondary recurrent driver event in myeloid malignancy with complex karyotype and TP53 mutations

ERG is a transcription factor encoded on chromosome 21q22.2 with important roles in hematopoiesis and oncogenesis of prostate cancer. ERG amplification has been identified as one of the most common recurrent events in acute myeloid leukemia with complex karyotype (AML‐CK). In this study, we uncover three different modes of ERG amplification in AML‐CK. Importantly, we present evidence to show that ERG amplification is distinct from intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21), a hallmark segmental amplification frequently encompassing RUNX1 and ERG in a subset of high‐risk B‐lymphoblastic leukemia. We also characterize the association with TP53 aberrations and other chromosomal aberrations, including chromothripsis. Lastly, we show that ERG amplification can initially emerge as subclonal events in low‐grade myeloid neoplasms. These findings demonstrate that ERG amplification is a recurrent secondary driver event in AML and raise the tantalizing possibility of ERG as a therapeutic target.
Violence against girls during COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors in Gondar city, North West Ethiopia

Abstract In Ethiopia, the magnitude of violence against girls during COVID-19 in the study area is not known. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the violence and associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic among Gondar city secondary school girls in North West Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2021. Data were collected from four public and two private Gondar city secondary schools. Investigators used stratified simple random sampling to select participants and the investigators used roster of the students at selected schools. Investigators collected the data using self-reported history of experiencing violence (victimisation). Investigators analysed data using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. Investigators invited a total of 371 sampled female students to complete self-administered questionnaires. The proportion of girls who experienced violence was 42.05% and psychological violence was the highest form of violence. Having a father who attended informal education (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.08–3.51), ever use of social media 1.65 (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.02–2.69), ever watching sexually explicit material (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.24–3.36) and use of a substance (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI 1.17–3.15) were significantly associated variables with violence. Almost for every five girls, more than two of them experienced violence during the COVID-19 lockdown. The prevalence of violence might be under reported due to desirability bias. Therefore, it is better to create awareness towards violence among substance users, fathers with informal education and social media including user females.
The Effect of Mat Pilates Training Combined with Aerobic Exercise Versus Mat Pilates Training Alone on Blood Pressure in Women with Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mat Pilates (MP) versus MP plus aerobic exercise (AE) compared with the effects of no intervention on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in women with hypertension. METHODS This 3-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial assessed 60 women who had hypertension and were 30 to 59 years old. The intervention lasted 16 weeks, and the participants were allocated into 3 groups: mat Pilates only (MP group), mat Pilates with alternating bouts of AE on a treadmill (MP + AE group), and control group (CG), with no exercises. Primary outcomes were the effects of the interventions on ambulatory BP assessed in the 24-hour, awake, and asleep periods of analysis. RESULTS A 2-way analysis of variance did not reveal statistically significant differences in between-group comparisons in the 24-hour period of analysis for systolic BP (CG versus MP = 3.3 [95% CI = -7.1 to 13.8]; MP versus MP + AE = 0.7 [95% CI = -4 to 5.4]; CG versus MP + AE = 4.0 [95% CI = -5.2 to 13.4]), diastolic BP (CG versus MP = 2.2 [95% CI = -5.6 to 10.0]; MP versus MP + AE = 1.1 [95% CI = -4.3 to 6.5]; CG versus MP + AE = 3.3 [95% CI = -3.8 to 10.4]), and heart rate (CG versus MP = 3.4 [95% CI = -2 to 8.8]; MP versus MP + AE = 2.0 [95% CI = -3.4 to 7.5]; CG versus MP + AE = 5.4 [95% CI = -0.8 to 11.8]). The awake and asleep periods of analyses also showed similar behavior and did not reveal statistically significant between-group differences. Furthermore, in the responsiveness analysis based on the minimal clinically important difference, no differences were observed between groups. CONCLUSION The magnitudes of the decrease in systolic BP during the 24-hour period of analysis were - 3 and - 5.48 mm Hg for the MP and MP + AE groups, without differences for responsiveness between groups. The results suggest that MP supplemented with AE or not supplemented with AE may be an alternative adjuvant treatment for women who have hypertension and are using antihypertension medication.Impact. Sixteen weeks of MP training reduced ambulatory BP in women who had hypertension. The MP + AE group displayed a BP reduction similar to that of the MP group. A reduction in ambulatory BP can decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Association between Vitamin D deficiency and Neurologic Outcomes in Patients after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

ABSTRACT Aim: We investigated the association between vitamin D deficiency and neurologic outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method: Data from the prospective cardiac arrest registry in the emergency department between October 2019 and April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Blood samples were obtained during cardiopulmonary resuscitation wherein 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were analyzed; deficiency was defined as levels < 10 ng/mL. The primary outcome was neurologic outcomes at 3 months assessed using the modified Rankin Scale. Result: A total of 195 patients (mean age, 64.5 ± 16.1 years; 135 [69.2%] men) were included. A significantly greater proportion of patients with poor outcomes had vitamin D deficiency compared with those with good outcomes (49.4% vs. 18.2%, P = 0.001). The area under the curve for a sustained return of spontaneous circulation and 3-month poor neurologic outcomes was 0.595 (P = 0.031) and 0.704 (P < 0.001), respectively. In a multivariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio [OR]: 10.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47–70.82, P = 0.019), initial shockable rhythm (OR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.00–0.84, P = 0.040), low flow time (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03–1.16, P = 0.003), and thrombocytopenia (OR: 10.66; 95% CI: 1.13–100.41, P = 0.039) were significantly associated with 3-month poor neurologic outcomes. Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with cardiac arrest was 44% and was associated with poor neurological outcomes at 3 months.
Development of Rasmussen’s risk management framework for analysing multi-level sociotechnical influences in the design of envisioned work systems

Abstract Besides radically altering work, advances in automation and intelligent technologies have the potential to bring significant societal transformation. These transitional periods require an approach to analysis and design that goes beyond human-machine interaction in the workplace to consider the wider sociotechnical needs of envisioned work systems. The Sociotechnical Influences Space, an analytical tool motivated by Rasmussen’s risk management model, promotes a holistic approach to the design of future systems, attending to societal needs and challenges, while still recognising the bottom-up push from emerging technologies. A study explores the concept and practical potential of the tool when applied to the analysis of a large-scale, ‘real-world’ problem, specifically the societal, governmental, regulatory, organisational, human, and technological factors of significance in mixed human-artificial agent workforces. Further research is needed to establish the feasibility of the tool in a range of application domains, the details of the method, and the value of the tool in design. Practitioner summary: Emerging automation and intelligent technologies are not only transforming workplaces, but may be harbingers of major societal change. A new analytical tool, the Sociotechnical Influences Space, is proposed to support organisations in taking a holistic approach to the incorporation of advanced technologies into workplaces and function allocation in mixed human-artificial agent teams.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss During the COVID-19 Pandemic Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an emergency otologic condition with unknown pathophysiology that is mainly idiopathic. However, a viral cause was reported in temporal bone studies.1 Several reports have suggested that there is an increased risk of SSNHL after COVID-19.2 We aimed to compare the incidence of SSNHL during the COVID-19 pandemic with the incidence during 2018 and 2019 and to assess the association of lockdowns with incidence of SSNHL.
A pilot study to explore societal, patient, and public authority perception on ‘Value-Added Tax’ system for healthcare financing in Zimbabwe: A case for cancer treatment

Background Many of the cancer cases in Zimbabwe are HIV related, making it a significant health concern in the country. This concern requires innovative ways, such as implementing Value-Added Tax (VAT) to finance cancer management through health insurance. The study explores the general public, cancer patients, and public authorities' perception regarding using the VAT system for financing cancer treatment. Method A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the perception of study participants on ‘Value Added Tax’ as a source of healthcare financing in Harare. This was done through the use of in-depth interview guides. A total of 25 participants took part in the study. Fifteen were members of the general public, 5 were cancer patients, and 5 were key informants representing public authority. Members of the general public and cancer patients were conveniently selected, while key informants were purposively selected. Data were analyzed descriptively and by grounded theory whereby codes were developed by induction. Results The general public and cancer patients perceived cancer treatment as generally unaffordable and showed readiness to pay for a cancer levy through VAT. Cancer patients expressed disappointment at the low support for cancer treatment compared to HIV treatment concerning the already established AIDS levy. Public authorities also perceived the VAT system as an appropriate programme for health care financing. Conclusion This preliminary study found that a ‘Value-Added-Tax’ system could potentially be an acceptable model to finance public healthcare, including cancer treatment in highly informal settings like Zimbabwe.