Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The biomechanics and motor control of human gait

In a sodium-sulphur battery cell of tubular form, the sulphur compartment is provided inside a tubular solid electrolyte. The sodium compartment is provided by the annular space between the solid electrolyte and a metal casing. A carbon current collector extends into the sulphur compartment. A stainless steel mesh disposed in the sodium compartment adjacent to the solid electrolyte acts as a wick for sodium.
Development and Integration of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Methods for Detection of Mitochondrial DNA and Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH Gene as Novel Microbial Source Tracking Tools

A novel microbial source tracking (MST) method based on the detection of human and non-human markers was developed and applied to track the origin of fecal pollution in water systems. Mitochondrial DNA sequences were used to develop new quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays for dog, poultry, and gull. The targets were included as part of a toolbox including human, cow, pig, and sheep assays. A primer and probe set for the detection of the human-specific nifH gene of Methanobrevibacter smithii was also designed as an indicator of human fecal contamination. The assays were tested for specificity and applied to fecal-spiked surface waters and environmental samples collected from two river catchments impacted by sources of human and non-human fecal contamination. The MST methods described were applicable to both spiked waters and environmental samples, and using the two approaches the origin of fecal pollution could be successfully determined in mixed source fecally polluted waters.
Conservation status of chafer beetles Prodontria bicolorata and P. modesta: distribution and ecological observations.

The distribution of chafer beetles Prodontria bicolorata Given and P. modesta (Broun) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is presented. The known range of P. bicolorata is extended and an area of sympatry between the two identified. Observations of adult beetles show a degree of resilience to habitat perturbations.
Effect of milk pasteurization on lipolysis during ripening of ovine cheese manufactured at different times of the year

Lipolysis was studied in cheeses manufactured with pasteurized and raw ovine milk with a starter culture added in winter, spring and summer, up to 180 d of ripening. Pasteurized milk cheeses had significantly lower levels of lipolysis than raw milk cheeses in winter after 180 d of ripening and in spring both after 90 and 180 d of ripening. The relative amounts of individual FFA after 180 d of ripening changed from winter to summer, both in pasteurized and in raw milk cheeses. In pasteurized milk cheeses made in winter the predominant FFA were C18:1 (2152 ∠ 386 μmol.kg -1 ), C4 (1 954 ∠ 354 μmol.kg -1 ), C16 (1 541 ∠ 406 μmol.kg -1 ) and C10 (1 452 ∠ 188 μmol.kg -1 ). In con- trast, in pasteurized milk cheeses made in summer C16 (2860 ∠ 1305 μmol.kg -1 ) and C18:1 (2677 ∠ 973 μmol.kg -1 ) were the major FFA. The percent FFA composition of both types of cheeses changed during ripening: short-chain (C4 to C10) FFA increased from approximately 25% to approximately 40 to 45%, whereas long chain (♢ C16:0) FFA decreased from approximately 55% to approximately 40 to 45% in winter and spring. However, in both types of cheese made in summer long chain FFA represented 52% and volatile FFA represented approximately 28 to 32% of the total after 180 ripen- ing days. Milk pasteurization reduced the levels of acetic acid by 99% after 90 ripening days at the three times of the year studied.
GC-MS STUDIES OF CLITORIA TERNATEA L. - A MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANT

Article history Medicinal plants are sources of important therapeutic aids for alleviating human ailments. Clitoria ternatea L.var ternatea is one of medicinally important plants belonging to the family Fabaceae, commonly known as "Neela Gokern" in Maharashtra. Through GCMS study different compounds analyzed from these plants. Nineteen chemical constituents have been identified, among that the major constituents are Z, Z- 8, 10-Hexadecadien-1-ol (28.69%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (26.60%), Pentadecane 2, 6, 10, 13- tetramethyl (15.87%), 9-Octadecenoic acid (z)-2-hydroxy-1(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (14.51%), Hexacontane (12.88%) and other minor constituents were also identified. The presence of these constituents in the plant extract provides the scientific evidences to justify the use of whole plant for various ailments by traditional practitioners and enhances usage of C.ternatea which contains some identified and unidentified compounds. By separating and identifying these compounds formulated new drugs to treat various diseases.
Rankin 1 Monosodium Glutamate: An Assessment of Health Implications in Human and Animal Studies

This review assesses many of the health implications associated with monosodium glutamate (MSG) in humans and animals. MSG is a salt derivation of the amino acid glutamate. The prevalence of this salt as a food additive in Asian cuisine and other diets makes MSG a relevant aspect of the human diet worldwide. Debate over the healthiness of MSG and its effects on human obesity and other health problems has led to a negative public opinion of the additive. This literature review assesses studies that pertain to weight gain and obesity in rats and humans after consumption of MSG, as well as studies concerning the effects of MSG consumption on asthma attacks in humans and behavior and memory in rats. Findings suggest that MSG is neurotoxic in rats when injected neonatally. When consumed orally, the effects of MSG are reduced. The food additive is correlated with obesity in weight gains and humans, but there is no evidence that suggests MSG causes weight gain or increased body mass in humans. Findings suggest that MSG is part of an interaction between metabolism and neuronal inhibition in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus that can increase leptin resistance, inhibit growth hormone (GH), and increase central adiposity and body mass. Both humans and rats are likely to consume high fat foods that contain MSG and other substances such as trans fatty acid (TFA) that could increase adiposity, body mass, and lead to weight gain. High fat TFAs and MSG combined account for greater negative findings that MSG or TFAs and high fat alone. The amount of MSG consumed daily varies from . 3 to 5 grams according to several studies. The dosage level in both rats and humans has mixed effects. While the effects of MSG on rats seem directly related to the neurotoxicity of neonatal injections, human studies fail to assess the neurotoxic levels reached in rats. Increased
High Relative Humidity Reduces Anther Dehiscence in Apricot, Peach, and Almond

The regulation of anther dehiscence by relative humidity (RH) was assessed for detached anthers and detached whole flowers from a limited selection of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch), and almond (P. dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb, syn. P. amygdalus Batsch; P. communis (L.) Arcangeli, non Huds. ) genotypes, as well as an almond X peach F2 progeny. Dehiscence was evaluated at 33, 64, 87, 93 and 97% RH for detached anthers, and at 33, 64 and 97% RH for whole detached flowers. Anther dehiscence was suppressed with increasing RH for all genotypes. Apricot anthers showed the greatest dehiscence at low RH and measurable dehiscence at high RH even when detached. Anther dehiscence in almond appeared more suppressed than in apricot at all RH levels tested, being completely suppressed by high RH in detached anthers. Peach genotypes exhibited the full range of variability between apricot and almond patterns. Evidence for transgressive segregation of RH-controlled anther dehiscence was observed in the occurrence of cleistogamy in an almond x peach F2 progeny. Rates of anther dehiscence were approximately linear with change in RH in detached anthers but exhibited a more buffered, step-wise response when detached whole flowers were tested. Results are consistent with field observations, and highlight the low but measurable risk of cleistogamy in these species, as well as opportunities to modify the breeding systems and crossing environments to facilitate controlled hybridization, and to reduce pollination vulnerability to adverse environments.
New Reﬂections on Visual Search Interitem Symmetry Matters!

— A 90 1 rotation of a display can turn a relatively easy visual search into a more difﬁcult one. A series of experiments examined the possible causes of this effect, including differences in overall item shape and response mapping (Experiment 1), the interpretation of scene lighting (Experiment 2), the axis of internal symmetry of the search items (Experiment 3), and the axes of interitem symmetry between target and distractor items (Experi-ment 4). Only the elimination of differences in interitem mirror symmetry resulted in equal search efﬁciency in the upright and rotated displays. This ﬁnding is strong support for the view that visual search is guided by an analysis that considers interitem relations.
Ligninolytic enzyme activities in mycelium of some wild and commercial mushrooms

Lignin is probably one of the most recalcitrant compounds synthesized by plants. This compound is degraded by few microorganisms. White-rot fungi have been extensively studied due to its powerful ligninolytic enzymes. In this study, ligninolytic enzyme activities of different fungal species (six commercial and 13 wild) were investigated in solid and liquid culture media. It was postulated that, among the wild strains, only Pleurotus ostreatus-1 (MCC45), P. ostreatus-2 (MCC40), Pleurotus eryngii-1 (MCC25) and P. eryngii-2 (MCC26), and commercial strains P. ostreatus, P. sajor-caju, P. eryngii presented lignin peroxidase (LiP) activity. All enzymes tested in this study were not determined in Rigidoporus ulmarius, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Tricholoma caligatum as well as commercial strain Pleurotus citrinopileatus. Therefore, the results of the present study allow us to conclude that wild P. ostreatus and P. eryngii are good candidates for scale-up ligninolytic enzyme production.
Transanal total mesorectal excision: current updates

Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is the latest in a long list of developments in the surgical treatment of low rectal cancer. This article describes the evolution of the technique, a brief summation of the technical procedure, the current literature into its results, and the possible future direction that it might take. It is the authors’ opinion that TaTME will form another technique within the modern colorectal surgeon’s armament.
Managing Fintech’s Destruction through Innovative Banking: An Empirical Investigation

This study investigates the extent to which Nigerian banks manage fintech’s destruction through innovative banking. Guided by the sensing and responding theory, data was collected via a questionnaire and analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Post-hoc pairwise comparisons tests. The study found, among other things, that Nigerian banks are well aware of threats pose by fintech companies and are effectively managing the threats through competitive innovative banking products and services. Equally, the study found that Nigerian banks are not lagging in the provision of innovative banking services. The study concludes that fintech is destructive and Nigerian banks are proactive in managing it. Further studies are recommended to examine the effect of each of the banking products and services in managing the destruction from fintech.
Hormonal Contraception and Menstrual Change

Hormonal contraception is one of the many popular contraceptive alternatives to family planning programs. This program sets the birth time of a child to realize family quality. However, no contraceptive is 100% perfect. For hormonal contraceptives, both types of pills, implants, and injections, there are advantages and disadvantages. Of them, side effects were found in the field, such as the alteration of menstruation (irregular menstrual periods or not even at all). The motivation behind this research is to decide the relationship of hormonal contraceptives with menstrual changes in the Public Health Centre (Puskesmas) Kotabumi II North Lampung District, 2018. This study is a quantitative research utilizing the systematic survey strategy with the cross-sectional methodology. The population in this study is the EFA using hormonal contraception in Puskesmas Kotabumi II, as many as 2899 people, with a sample of 81 people. The sampling technique utilizes proportional random sampling. Data assortment uses interviews. Data were examined by univariate (average) and bivariate (Chi-square test). The results showed 60.49% combination hormonal contraceptives, no combinations of 39.51%, and 60.49% change menstruation and menstrual unchanged, 39.51%. There is a relationship between hormonal contraception with menstrual changes (p = 0.007). There is a need for increased counseling and education activities in particular on hormonal contraception so that the acceptor can knowingly choose a hormonal contraception combination, and there is a need for monitoring of side effects of hormonal contraception so that if there is a change of menstruation it can be immediately addressed.
Hospedeiros e parasitóides de Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) em Itaubal do Piririm, Estado do Amapá, Brasil

The occurrence of fruit flies on three host plants and their parasitoids was registered in Itaubal do Piririm, Amapa State, Brazil. Exactly 51 samples of fruits of 10 botanical species were collected and it totaled 69.5 kg. It was possible to obtain 1,169 puparia that emerged 568 Tephritidae and 105 parasitoids. Moreover, four species of Anastrepha were registered: A. antunesi Lima, A. distincta Greene, A. obliqua Macquart and A. striata Schiner. Spondias mombin, Psidium guajava and Inga edulis were the hosts of Tephritidae species, they had indexes of natural infestation of 1.3; 0.6 and 10.0 puparia/fruit and 141.1; 20.7 and 26.5 puparia kg-1 of fruit, respectively. Two species of Braconidae were obtained: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti) and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck).
Running head: GABA-A RECEPTORS AND TASTE PERCEPTION 1 The Specific Role of GABA-A Receptors in Modifying Taste Perceptions in Rats

Obesity is a growing problem in industrialized nations worldwide due to widespread availability of high-calorie, heavily processed foods. When the availability of these foods is coupled with access to certain prescription medications, the weight-gain effects can be compounded. Weight gain has been especially linked to the prescription of anxiolytic drugs. Many anxiety medications are benzodiazepines, which known to increase the hedonic value of tastants by increasing the inhibitory effects of GABAA receptors in the PBN and causing a hyperphagic effect. One aim of this study was to establish a dose-dependent effect of the benzodiazepine chlordiazepoxide. Another aim of this study was to compare the effects of buspirone, another anxiety treatment drug which is not a benzodiazepine and does not act on GABA receptors, to determine the effect of GABA on the taste perception pathway. Rats were injected with either CDP (5mg/kg), buspirone (3mg/kg), or the control saline and licking was measured during 15-second trials of six appetitive and aversive tastants (sucrose, NaCl, quinine-HCl, citric acid, saccharin, MSG), one non-tastant (capsaicin), and the control water. It was found that for CDP, the aversive tastants seemed less aversive and the appetitive tastants seemed more appetitive, while there was no effect on the non-tastant. These results indicated that CDP affected the taste perception pathway by making food more palatable. It was found that for buspirone, licking decreased across all tastants except at high concentrations of sucrose (75 mM) and MSG (1500 mM); however, licking also decreased to water, indicating a sedative drug effect.
Don't Stand So Close to Me

Three studies investigated the effects of self-construal activation on behavior conducive to interpersonal proximity. Study 1 revealed that compared with control participants, participants who were primed with the independent (or personal) self sat further away from where they anticipated another person would sit in a waiting room. Results of Study 2 indicated that participants primed with the interdependent (or social) self sat closer to the anticipated other person than did those primed with the independent self. Finally, Study 3 used the chronic self-construal of participants to predict the seating distance in dyadic settings. Results showed that greater independence of participants' self-construals was associated with greater spatial distance during the interaction. Together, the studies provide clear evidence that self-construal activation automatically influences interpersonal behavior as reflected in the actual distance between the self and others. Results are discussed in terms of the functions and motives connected to self-construals.
In Brief

There is a growing emphasis on building and managing brand equity as the primary drivers of a restaurant chain’s success. Effective brand management results from understanding and managing brand equity to produce solid operational performance. This study uncovers the underlying dimensions of brand equity and examines how they affect firms’ performance in quick-service restaurant (QSR) chains. Analyses on the data collected from a survey of 394 shoppers who were intercepted to fill out a questionnaire at a shopping mall in Korea show that brand awareness, perceived quality, brand loyalty, and brand image are important dimensions of customer-based brand equity. The results invite further research. Brand awareness appeared to be the dimension that gave the greatest boost to QSR firms’ performance, even though brand awareness had relatively less importance in the brand-equity construct itself. In contrast, brand loyalty, which was a large element of the construct of brand equity in QSR chains, did not exhibit a significant relationship with firms’ performance.
Conserving Acacia Mill. with a conserved type. What happened in Vienna

This note documents the events and conduct that led to the acceptance of Report 55 of the Permanent Committee for Spermatophyta concerning the conservation of Acacia Mill. with a new type. The procedures followed by the Nomenclature Section of the XVII th International Botanical Congress (IBC) held in Vienna, Austria, in July 2005, are also outlined and briefly described in accordance with the provisions of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) for dealing with committee reports. This controversial proposal to retypify Acacia Mill. from an African to an Australian type was accepted by the Committee for Spermatophyta, the General Committee, and the Nomenclature Section, a recommendation ratified by the final closing plenary session of the IBC. The ICBN emanating from the XVII th IBC will include Acacia Mill. , with a conserved type, in Appendix IIIA Nomina generica conservanda et rejicienda. For those who choose to follow the traditional classification system that applies the name Acacia in a broad sense to a heterogeneous assemblage of species comprising a number of subgenera, this decision holds no implications at generic level. However, should the alternative classification which segregates a broadly defined Acacia into a number of genera be followed, then the name Acacia would apply in a strict sense to the mainly Australian wattles (previously Acacia subg. Phyllodineae-now A. subg. Acacia-of the traditional system.).
Analysis of common glucocorticoid response genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in vivo identifies cell cycle but not apoptosis genes

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are an essential component of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. To identify genes mediating the anti-leukemic GC effects in vivo, we performed gene expression profiling of lymphoblasts from 46 children during the first 6-24h of systemic GC mono-therapy. Differential gene expression analysis across all patients revealed a considerable number of GC-regulated genes (190 induced, 179 repressed at 24h). However, when 4 leukemia subtypes (T-ALL, ETV6-RUNX1+, hyperdiploid, other preB-ALLs) were analyzed individually only 17 genes were regulated in all of them showing subtype-specificity of the transcriptional response. Cell cycle-related genes were down-regulated in the majority of patients, while no common changes in apoptosis genes could be identified. Surprisingly, none of the cell cycle or apoptosis genes correlated well with the reduction of peripheral blasts used as parameter for treatment response. These data suggest that (a) GC effects on cell cycle are independent of the cell death response and (b) GC-induced cell death cannot be explained by a single transcriptional pathway conserved in all subtypes. To unravel more complex, potentially novel pathways, we employed machine learning algorithms using an iterative elastic net approach, which identified gene expression signatures that correlated with the clinical response.
Griphotherion peiranoi, gen. et sp. nov., A New Eocene Notoungulata (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from Northwestern Argentina

ABSTRACT Griphotherion peiranoi, a new genus and species of notoungulate from northwestern Argentina, is presented here. The material studied consists of a nearly complete skull and part of the postcranial skeleton, recovered in the Lumbrera Formation (Eocene) at the locality of El Simbolar (Salta Province, northwestern Argentina). The specimen was evaluated in terms of a matrix of 28 craniodental characters and compared with 11 typotherian genera. Additionally, characters of the new taxon were compared to those included in a previously published data matrix that includes several native South American ungulates. The particular features present in the specimen indicate unequivocally that this is a new notoungulate taxon; nevertheless, due to its distinctiveness, we opted not to place the novel taxon in any of the known families of Notoungulata. The results of the analyses performed indicate that G. peiranoi is closely related to Mesotheriidae, Hegetotheriidae, and Archaeohyracidae. These families represent the ‘rodent-like’ notoungulates that evolved during the Late Paleogene and the Neogene. This new record contributes to our knowledge of the Eocene notoungulate fauna of northwerstern Argentina. It also supports the broader perspective that this region played an important role as an area of origin and diversification for several lineages of this remarkable order of endemic South American ungulates.
Measuring timeliness of annual reports filing by jump additive models

Foreign public issuers (FPIs) are required by the Securities and Exchanges Commission (SEC) to file Form 20-F as comprehensive annual reports. In an effort to increase the usefulness of 20-Fs, the SEC recently enacted a regulation to accelerate the deadline of 20F filing from six months to four months after the fiscal year-end. The rationale is that the shortened reporting lag would improve the informational relevance of 20-Fs. In this work, we propose a jump additive model to evaluate the SEC’s rationale by investigating the relationship between the timeliness of 20-F filing and its decision usefulness using the market data. The proposed model extends the conventional additive models to allow possible discontinuities in the regression functions. We suggest a two-step jump-preserving estimation procedure and show that it is statistically consistent. By applying the procedure to the 20-F study, we find a moderate positive association between the magnitude of the market reaction and the filing timeliness when the acceleration is less than 17 days. We also find that the market considers the filings significantly more informative when the acceleration is more than 18 days and such reaction tapers off when the acceleration exceeds 40 days.