Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High task demand in dual-target paradigm redirects experimentally increased anxiety to uphold goal-directed attention

Previous research has shown that state anxiety facilitates stimulus-driven attentional capture and impairs goal-directed attentional control by increasing sensitivity to salient distractors or threat cues or narrowing spatial attention. However, recent findings in this area have been mixed, and less is known about how state-dependent anxiety may affect attentional performance. Here, we employed a novel dual-target search paradigm to investigate this relationship. This paradigm allowed us to investigate attentional control and how focus narrows under different anxiety states. Participants watched a short movie—either anxiety-inducing or neutral—before engaging in the dual-target visual search task. We found that they performed faster and more accurately in trials without the salient distractor compared to those with distractors, and they performed better in tasks presented on the center than the periphery. However, despite a significant increase in self-reported anxiety in the anxiety-inducing session, participants’ performance in terms of speed and accuracy remain comparable across both anxious and neutral sessions. This resilience is likely due to compensatory mechanisms that offset anxiety, a result of the high demands and working memory load inherent in the dual-target task.
Competence And Acceptance: Two Core Components Within the Process of Resilience.

Resilience is a complex concept that poses challenges when it comes to defining it in contemporary research. While numerous factors contributing to the resilience process have been identified, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. As an increasing number of findings emerge regarding environmental and personal factors that can serve as predictors of resilience, there is growing insight into the universality of the resilience process. This article aims to offer an inclusive overview of various resilience definitions. It delves into the protective factors linked to resilience, emphasizing two core concepts: competence and acceptance. To be more specific, the present study delves into the realm of competence by exploring the interplay between resilience, self-efficacy, and personality traits. Furthermore, in the subsequent section, this study delves into the impacts of emotion regulation strategies and cultural values. Furthermore, the article briefly investigates the mechanisms underpinning resilience and examines the universally observed connection between protective factors and resilience.
Effective stress based bearing capacity equations for shallow foundations on unsaturated soils

The bearing capacity of shallow foundations is conventionally estimated using the equations derived for saturated or dry soils. Recent research shows a growing interest in the bearing capacity of unsaturated soils due to the conservative results of the conventional bearing capacity equations. In this study, alternative equations are proposed based on the effective stress principle, to estimate the bearing capacity of shallow footings on unsaturated soil considering both uniform and varied suction profiles. The validity of the proposed equations is established by comparing their predictions with experimental data available in the literature. The main purpose of this work is to provide equations those can be easily used by the practising engineers for preliminary or final estimations of bearing capacity of shallow footings on unsaturated soils. These equations require a small number of soil properties which can be easily obtained.
Water quality in relation to plankton abundance and diversity in river Ogun, Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria

Aims: Plankton abundance and diversity are governed by certain aquatic environmental factors which collectively determine the health of the aquatic ecosystem. This study was aimed at investigating the water quality of lower Ogun River, Abeokuta, in relation to plankton abundance and diversity. Materials and Methods: The dataset consists of physicochemical and plankton data collected for 7 months within the period of December 2011 and June 2012 in four stations. Spatial correlations were determined between physicochemical parameters, plankton abundance, and diversity. Physicochemical parameters that exhibited strong correlation with plankton abundance and diversity were used in the calculation of a water quality index (WQI) for the protection of aquatic life. Results: Results showed highly significant correlations (P ≤ 0.05) between plankton abundance, diversity, and the physicochemical parameters monitored during the study period excluding alkalinity and phosphates. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment WQI showed that the river water quality in all the sampled stations (A, 63; B, 63; C, 56; and D, 64) was marginal in classification. Conclusion: It was concluded that River Ogun is polluted beyond doubt. Hence, corrective measures should be put in place so as to prevent total ecological collapse.
Joint Modeling and Operational Optimization of a Reverse Osmosis–Mechanical Vapor Recompression System for Coal-Fired Power Plant Wastewater

The operation of coal-fired power plants generates a large amount of wastewater. With the issuance of increasingly strict drainage standards, the cost of wastewater treatment is increasing, and the need to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment is becoming increasingly urgent. Thus, based on the principles of reverse osmosis (RO) and mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) in wastewater treatment, the operational optimization of an RO-MVR joint system was studied in this work with the consideration of reducing the operating costs of wastewater treatment under given operational conditions. Firstly, based on the basic principles of RO and MVR, corresponding mechanism models were established and their accuracy was verified. Then, an economic model of the RO-MVR joint system was established, with the goal of minimizing the water production unit price and daily operating costs of the joint system for optimization analysis. Finally, we analyzed the cost and water production performance of the RO-MVR joint system before and after optimization under different operating conditions. The results show that this optimization based on the RO-MVR joint system will reduce the unit price of water production to 3.16 CNY/m3, with the daily operating costs being decreased by 22% compared to before optimization. This result helps to reduce the cost of zero-discharge wastewater treatment in coal-fired power plants.
ReliDispProto: Reliability and Dispersion-Infused Prototypical Network for Class-Incremental Few-Shot Relation Classification

—In the field of few-shot learning, the increasing emergence of novel relations poses a significant challenge to existing models that leverage knowledge from past relation classification tasks. This issue becomes more pronounced when the volume of novel relations overtakes that of existing ones, underscoring the need for models that are less dependent on base relations and more adept at learning from the novel ones. This paper addresses the challenging Class-Incremental Few-shot Relation Classification (CIFRC) problem by a model named ReliDispProto: Reliability and Dispersion-infused Prototypical network. ReliDispProto employs a sophisticated similarity metric that accounts for the reliability of query-to-prototype matches and the distribution dispersion of support classes. Based on the metric, unlabeled instances are efficiently classified into support classes across a series of sessions. While training on novel relations, ReliDispProto is fine-tuned by classification reliability assessed in each iteration. To further enhance its performance, we integrate teacher-student knowledge distillation and label smoothing techniques. These additions effectively alleviate issues such as catastrophic forgetting and overfitting. Experimental results on three public datasets reveal that ReliDispProto significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving up to 15.63% improvements in accuracy. The datasets and source code for ReliDispProto are accessible from
Association between RMTg Neuropeptide Genes and Negative Effect during Alcohol Withdrawal in Mice

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) frequently co-occur with negative mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression, exacerbating relapse through dopaminergic dysfunction. Stress-related neuropeptides play a crucial role in AUD pathophysiology by modulating dopamine (DA) function. The rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), which inhibits midbrain dopamine neurons and signals aversion, has been shown to increase ethanol consumption and negative emotional states during abstinence. Despite some stress-related neuropeptides acting through the RMTg to affect addiction behaviors, their specific roles in alcohol-induced contexts remain underexplored. This study utilized an intermittent voluntary drinking model in mice to induce negative effect behavior 24 h into ethanol (EtOH) abstinence (post-EtOH). It examined changes in pro-stress (Pnoc, Oxt, Npy) and anti-stress (Crf, Pomc, Avp, Orx, Pdyn) neuropeptide-coding genes and analyzed their correlations with aversive behaviors. We observed that adult male C57BL/6J mice displayed evident anxiety, anhedonia, and depression-like symptoms at 24 h post-EtOH. The laser-capture microdissection technique, coupled with or without retrograde tracing, was used to harvest total ventral tegmental area (VTA)-projecting neurons or the intact RMTg area. The findings revealed that post-EtOH consistently reduced Pnoc and Orx levels while elevating Crf levels in these neuronal populations. Notably, RMTg Pnoc and Npy levels counteracted ethanol consumption and depression severity, while Crf levels were indicative of the mice’s anxiety levels. Together, these results underscore the potential role of stress-related neuropeptides in the RMTg in regulating the negative emotions related to AUDs, offering novel insights for future research.
Post‐20 Ma Motion of the Adriatic Plate: New Constraints From Surrounding Orogens and Implications for Crust‐Mantle Decoupling

A new kinematic reconstruction that incorporates estimates of post‐20 Ma shortening and extension in the Apennines, Alps, Dinarides, and Sicily Channel Rift Zone (SCRZ) reveals that the Adriatic microplate (Adria) rotated counterclockwise as it subducted beneath the European Plate to the west and to the east, while indenting the Alps to the north. Minimum and maximum amounts of rotation are derived by using, respectively, estimates of crustal extension along the SCRZ (minimum of 30 km) combined with crustal shortening in the Eastern Alps (minimum of 115 km) and a maximum amount (140 km) of convergence between Adria and Moesia across the southern Dinarides and Carpatho‐Balkan orogens. When combined with Neogene convergence in the Western Alps, the best fit of available structural data constrains Adria to have moved 113 km to the NW (azimuth 325°) while rotating 5 ± 3° counterclockwise relative to Europe since 20 Ma. Amounts of plate convergence predicted by our new model exceed Neogene shortening estimates of several tens of kilometers in both the Apennines and Dinarides. We attribute this difference to crust‐mantle decoupling (delamination) during rollback in the Apennines and to distributed deformation related to the northward motion of the Dacia Unit between the southern Dinarides and Europe (Moesia). Neogene motion of Adria resulted from a combination of Africa pushing from the south, the Adriatic‐Hellenides slab pulling to the northeast, and crustal wedging in the Western Alps, which acted as a pivot and stopped farther northwestward motion of Adria relative to Europe.
Histological study of Culex pipiens pipiens larvae and adults infected with Beauveria bassiana

This study aimed to show the histological changes that 0ccured in Culex pipiens pipiens larvae and adults infected with Beauveria bassiana . The 4th instar larvae and adult mosquitoes were infected with B.bassiana in 10-4 spore/ml dilution, after 96 hours histological section was studied showing that the fungi infected all the body parts specially Cuticle , Epiderms, fat bodies and midgut. After 120 hours of exposure to the fungi the insect have a white appearance and covered with a thick coat of hyphea. Thus study shows biological control of B . bassiana on mosquitoes.
Alterations in the white matter structure of major depressive disorder patients and their link to childhood trauma

Objectives Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is significantly influenced by childhood trauma (CT), affecting brain anatomy and functionality. Despite the unique disease trajectory in MDD patients with CT, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective is to investigate CT’s impact on the white matter structure of the brain in patients with MDD. Methods This research employed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to detect variations between groups in Fractional Anisotropy (FA) throughout the whole brain in 71 medication-free MDD patients and 97 HCs. Participants filled out the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and assessments for depression and anxiety symptoms. The relationship between FA and CTQ scores was explored with partial correlation analysis, adjusting for factors such as age, gender, educational background, and length of illness. Results Compared to HCs, the MDD group showed decreased FA values in the right posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC), the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Simple effects analysis revealed that compared to HC-CT, the MDD-CT group demonstrated decreased FA values in right PLIC, IFOF, and bilateral SLF. The MDD-nCT group showed decreased FA values in right PLIC and IFOF compared to HC-nCT. The total scores and subscale scores of CTQ were negatively correlated with the FA in the right SLF. Conclusion The right SLF may potentially be influenced by CT during the brain development of individuals with MDD. These results enhance our knowledge of the role of the SLF in the pathophysiology of MDD and the neurobiological mechanisms by which CT influences MDD.
Senior Banking Leaders and Emotional Intelligence

: U.S.-based financial institutions have experienced significantly higher failure rates since the mid-1980s. The problem within the U.S.-based banking industry is that the focus of leadership development has been primarily on cognitive abilities, whereas interpersonal skills, such as emotional intelligence, have been neglected. Research has focused on U.S. bank failures from a risk mitigation, economic, or legislative perspective, creating a gap in research on leadership behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine whether leaders of U.S.-based small business lending banks demonstrated above average levels of emotional intelligence. The theoretical framework compared intelligence types to leadership styles to explain leadership behavior. A convenience sample of leaders within the Qualtrics database of small business-bankers was surveyed from a composite survey for levels of servant leadership and emotional intelligence simultaneously. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was performed to test the hypothesis. A statistically significant relationship was found between servant leadership and emotional intelligence. Positive economic, social, and environmental benefits could be gained through improved employee engagement and retention through the identification of leaders high in emotional intelligence and servant leadership style.
Personalized Recommendation Algorithm Based on Trajectory Mining Model in Intelligent Travel Route Planning

—With the increasing demand for personalized travel, traditional travel route planning methods are no longer able to meet the diverse needs of users. In view of this, on the ground of the analysis of user trajectory data at the temporal and spatial levels, a new scenic spot recommendation model is proposed by combining personalized recommendation algorithms. Meanwhile, improved genetic algorithm and minimum spanning tree algorithm were introduced to adjust the structure of the personalized recommendation model. After matching the visit sequence of scenic spots, the final new personalized tourism route recommendation model was proposed. The experiment demonstrates that the optimal pause time for the personalized scenic spot recommendation model is 45 minutes, the pause distance is 15 meters, and the clustering radius is 500 meters. And the model has the highest accuracy in the Tok-10 testing environment, with a maximum value of 90%. In addition, the new personalized tourism route recommendation model has the highest accuracy of 85.6%, the highest recall rate of 88.7%, the highest F1 value of 92.4%, and an average convergence rate of 88.9%. In summary, the new scenic spot and route recommendation model proposed in the study can achieve more intelligent and personalized travel route planning, providing new guidance for the intelligent development of travel route recommendation.
The Spatial Dependence of Flood Hazard and Risk in the United States

In this paper we seek to understand the nature of flood spatial dependence over the conterminous United States. We extend an existing conditional multivariate statistical model to enable its application to this large and heterogenous region and apply it to a 40‐year data set of ~2,400 U.S. Geological Survey gauge series records to simulate 1,000 years of U.S. flooding comprising more than 63,000 individual events with realistic spatial dependence. A continental‐scale hydrodynamic model at 30 m resolution is then used to calculate the economic loss arising from each of these events. From this we are able to compute the probability that different values of U.S. annual total economic loss due to flooding are exceeded (i.e., a loss‐exceedance curve). Comparing these data to an observed flood loss‐exceedance curve for the period 1988–2017 shows a reasonable match for annual losses with probability below 10% (e.g., >1 in 10‐year return period). This analysis suggests that there is a 1% chance of U.S. annual fluvial flood losses exceeding $78Bn in any given year, and a 0.1% chance of them exceeding $136Bn. Analysis of the set of stochastic events and losses yields new insights into the nature of flooding and flood risk in the United States. In particular, we confirm the strong relationship between flood affected area and event peak magnitude, but show considerable variability in this relationship between adjacent U.S. regions. The analysis provides a significant advance over previous national flood risk analyses as it gives the full loss‐exceedance curve instead of simply the average annual loss.
Pathological characteristics and long-term prognosis of submucosal carcinoma of the colon and rectum below 2 cm confirmed by endoscopic submucosal dissection

The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between additional surgery and the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer, as well as its impact on patient prognosis. A total of 119 patients with early colorectal cancer were selected and divided into an additional surgery group (28 cases) and a non-ad-ditional surgery group (91 cases). According to the tumor size
A Hierarchy Model for Dynamic Replacing of Distributed Components

In this paper, we present a hierarchy model for dynamic updating of distributed components based on message-passing communication mechanism. In this model, multi-components' updating is divided into two level: multi-components' sequential updating from lower to higher level between groups; multi-components' sequential updating from lower to higher in a group. Our model may preserve system state's consistency through coordinating multi-components' updatable-state's arriving and may update multi-components concurrently in different nodes to make updating effective. Accordingly, we propose a prototype framework of a component server supporting this model.
Archaeomagnetic field intensity evolution during the last two millennia

New microwave (MW) paleointensity data on historical bricks from Northeast Brazil presented a bias towards higher fields when compared to previous cooling-rate corrected double-heating paleointensity estimates; the same relates to the previously reported values for pottery from Southwestern Pacific islands. A simple theoretical approach suggests that the MW bias in both collections is due to a cooling-rate effect on MW estimates. We then experimentally corrected the MW cooling-rate effect on Brazilian fragments, increasing the degree of consistency between the previous and new results (reducing discrepancies from 25% to 8%). Results indicate similar experimental behavior between microwave and thermal procedures despite the different ways in which the energy is transferred into the spin system. Finally, they allow cooling-times of less than 90 seconds to be empirically estimated in most of these MW experiments highlighting the need for systematic cooling-rate corrections to be applied in similar MW paleointensity studies in the future.
Xylene v ersus Isopropanol for Paraﬃn Wax Processing of Lung Tissue

: The microscopic observation of lung tissue is challenging due to its fragile nature. Xylene and isopropanol are common tissue-clearing reagents used before paraﬃn embedding, yet no studies have compared these two reagents in lung tissue processing. Due to the well-known health risks xylene could introduce to operators, as well as its environmental hazards, it has long been desired that a less harmful alternative to xylene with the same staining eﬀects be introduced. Thus, we systematically assessed the eﬃcacy of isopropanol as a substitution for xylene. Lung tissue obtained from diseased donors and explanted lungs from recipients were processed simultaneously using either xylene or isopropanol prior to paraﬃn embedding. Scoring of the overall staining quality after H&E staining, along with the ease of sectioning, was compared systematically. Fluorescent staining was performed to explore alveolar morphology and the overall lectin ﬂuorescence signal between groups. To understand diﬀerences in antibody staining, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of smooth muscle actin (SMA) and elastin was examined. No diﬀerence was observed with regard to ease of sectioning, staining quality, alveolar circularity, alveolar wall thickness or the SNR between slides processed with xylene or isopropanol. This study demonstrated comparable outcomes of iso-propanol and xylene in lung tissue processing, suggesting isopropanol as a more favorable, opera- tor-and environment-friendly substitute for xylene with regards to tissue processing.
The deviatoric behaviour of peat: a route between past empiricism and future perspectives

The geotechnical description of peats represents one of the main challenges in the Netherlands to assure the required safety standard and performance of the flood defence infrastructure. Almost a third of the country is situated below the sea and the rivers level with about 60% to 70% of the population and economic assets concentrated in low-laying areas prone to flooding. Flood protection in the Netherlands is assured by a vast system of primary and secondary dykes, of which 14000 km are regional dykes. Design and assessment procedure of these dykes is not straightforward, especially when peats layers are encountered. Adequate geotechnical description of the behaviour of peats at the engineering scale represents one of the biggest concerns that public water authorities and geotechnical engineers are currently facing. The majority of the previous investigations have regarded the volumetric and time dependent behaviour of peat, both from the experimental and the modelling viewpoints. However, the information on the deviatoric counterpart is still scarce and contradictory. This has contributed to generate geotechnical uncertainties on the deviatoric behaviour of peats with severe overly conservative approaches in the current engineering practice and diffuse misconceptions within the research community on traditional experimental tests.