Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DETERMINING THE MAGMATIC EVOLUTION AND DEGREES OF CONTAMINATION IN PEGGY'S COVE MONZOGRANITE, HALIFAX PLUTON, NOVA SCOTIA

In dirty peraluminous granites such as the South Mountain batholith (SMB; Lackey et al., this volume, Fig. 1), distinguishing between magmatic and post-magmatic processes presents a critical challenge to understanding their contamination history. Oxygen isotope ratios are useful for understanding the complex record of magmatic, hydrologic, and thermal alteration in the Earth’s crust (Taylor and Sheppard, 1986). These isotope data can fingerprint supracrustal contributions to magmas; rocks that have interacted with the Earth’s surface at some stage in their evolution become enriched in 18O (Taylor, 1968). The refractory mineral zircon retains magmatic δ18O values due to slow oxygen diffusion (Valley, 2003), and thus analysis of oxygen isotopes in whole zircons is a valuable tool for differentiating magmatic chemical evolution from post-crystallization processes.
The Cambrian period

Summary Fifteen selected radiometric ages are used to construct a time-scale for the Cambrian System. Maximum thicknesses are not considered to be useful in constructing a Cambrian time-scale. Ages of 495 m.y. and 570 m.y. are suggested for the top and base of the system, with ages of 540 m.y. and 515 m.y. for the Lower-Middle and Middle-Upper Cambrian.
Towards Using AEM for Sensitive Clay Mapping - A Case Study from Norway

An AEM survey has been carried out supporting a highway construction project in Norway in order to obtain information about possible sensitive clay (leached marine clay, also called quick clay). In addition, an ERT profile was acquired along a flight line in an area where geotechnical boreholes indicate a layer of sensitive clay. AEM and ERT data agree very well, indicating only small changes in electrical resistivity throughout the sediment layer. The AEM data show more structures than ERT, demonstrating that resolution and accuracy of AEM are high enough to resolve subtle changes in resistivity charecterizing different clay units. Based on our results, AEM can be used to target zones of possible sensitive clay which can subsequently be investigated in more detail through geotechnical analyses like boreholes and sampling. Thus, using AEM to design the geotechnical program has the potential to provide significant cost reductions for similar projects.
Tracing terrestrial DOC in the Baltic Sea—A 3‐D model study

The fate of terrestrial organic matter brought to the coastal seas by rivers and its role in the global carbon cycle are still not very well known. Here the degradation rate of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOCter) is studied in the Baltic Sea, a subarctic semienclosed sea, by releasing it as a tracer in a 3‐D circulation model and applying linear decay constants. A good agreement with available observational data is obtained by parameterizing the degradation in two rather different ways: one by applying a decay time on the order of 10 years to the whole pool of DOCter and one by dividing the DOCter into one refractory pool and one pool subject to a decay time on the order of 1 year. The choice of parameterization has a significant effect on where in the Baltic Sea the removal takes place, which can be of importance when modeling the full carbon cycle and the CO2 exchange with the atmosphere. In both cases the biogeochemical decay operates on time scales less than the water residence time. Therefore, only a minor fraction of the DOCter reaches the North Sea, whereas approximately 80% is removed by internal sinks within the Baltic Sea. This further implies that DOCter mineralization is an important link in land‐sea‐atmosphere cycling of carbon in coastal and shelf seas that are heavily influenced by riverine DOC.
Peran Indeks Massa Tubuh, Tanda Vital dan Sosiodemografi terhadap Kebugaran Peserta Klub Jantung Sehat, Jakarta Timur

Kebugaran jasmani adalah kemampuan tubuh untuk melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari tanpa menimbulkan kelelahan yang berarti. Banyak faktor yang berperan terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani antara lain sosiodemografi dan status gizi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peran faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap tingkat kebugaran seseorang. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang dengan responden peserta senam Klub Jantung Sehat Kecamatan Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur. Data diambil pada bulan Juli 2009; 41 orang responden dipilih dengan convenient sampling. Tingkat kebugaran dinilai dengan nilai prediksi VO menggunakan six minutes walk test dan kuesioner. Berdasarkan status gizi dan tanda vital responden, didapatkan rerata frekuensi nadi 79,59x/menit (±7,8), sebanyak 15 orang (36,6%) memiliki kategori IMT obesitas I, 25 orang (61,0%) memiliki tekanan darah pretest tidak normal, 27 orang (65,9%) memiliki tekanan darah posttest tidak normal. Disimpulkan mayoritas peserta klub jantung sehat memiliki tingkat kebugaran rendah (70,7%), serta terdapat hubungan negatif antara VO 2max 2max responden dengan usia (r=-0,325; p=0,038) dan hubungan positif dengan frekuensi nadi (r=0,343; p=0,028). Variabel lain seperti jenis kelamin, jenis pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, dan IMT tidak berhubungan dengan nilai prediksi VO . Kata kunci: tingkat kebugaran, indeks massa tubuh, frekuensi nadi, tekanan darah
Optimal centrifugal isolating of liposome–protein complexes from human plasma

In the past few years, characterization of the protein corona (PC) that forms around liposomal systems has gained increasing interest for the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic technologies. At the crossroads of fast-moving research fields, the interdisciplinarity of protein corona investigations poses challenges for experimental design and reporting. Isolation of liposome–protein complexes from biological fluids has been identified as a fundamental step of the entire workflow of PC characterization but exact specifications for conditions to optimize pelleting remain elusive. In the present work, key factors affecting precipitation of liposome–protein complexes by centrifugation, including time of centrifugation, total sample volume, lipid : protein ratio and contamination from biological NPs were comprehensively evaluated. Here we show that the total amount of isolated liposome–protein complexes and the extent of contamination from biological NPs may vary with influence factors. Our results provide protein corona researchers with precise indications to separate liposome–protein complexes from protein-rich fluids and include proper controls, thus they are anticipated to catalyze improved consistency of data mining and computational modelling of protein corona composition.
Robust risk prediction with biomarkers under two‐phase stratified cohort design

Identification of novel biomarkers for risk prediction is important for disease prevention and optimal treatment selection. However, studies aiming to discover which biomarkers are useful for risk prediction often require the use of stored biological samples from large assembled cohorts, and thus the depletion of a finite and precious resource. To make efficient use of such stored samples, two‐phase sampling designs are often adopted as resource‐efficient sampling strategies, especially when the outcome of interest is rare. Existing methods for analyzing data from two‐phase studies focus primarily on single marker analysis or fitting the Cox regression model to combine information from multiple markers. However, the Cox model may not fit the data well. Under model misspecification, the composite score derived from the Cox model may not perform well in predicting the outcome. Under a general two‐phase stratified cohort sampling design, we present a novel approach to combining multiple markers to optimize prediction by fitting a flexible nonparametric transformation model. Using inverse probability weighting to account for the outcome‐dependent sampling, we propose to estimate the model parameters by maximizing an objective function which can be interpreted as a weighted C‐statistic for survival outcomes. Regardless of model adequacy, the proposed procedure yields a sensible composite risk score for prediction. A major obstacle for making inference under two phase studies is due to the correlation induced by the finite population sampling, which prevents standard inference procedures such as the bootstrap from being used for variance estimation. We propose a resampling procedure to derive valid confidence intervals for the model parameters and the C‐statistic accuracy measure. We illustrate the new methods with simulation studies and an analysis of a two‐phase study of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) subtypes for predicting the risk of coronary heart disease.
Polymorphism of Growth Hormone Gene in Selecting Etawah Crossbred (PE) Goats

Although Etawah Crossbred (PE) goat is considered to be dual purpose (meat and milk) goat, it is mainly raised for meat production. Since early 1990, there has been a growing interest of the farmer in some places to raise PE goat for milk production without sacrificing its role to produce kids for meat. Although milk yield of PE goat was not as high as milk yield of some other dairy goats, the ability of PE goat to cope with harsh local environment, particularly climate and feed conditions, was an advantage. Therefore, raising PE goat would still be an important part of farmer activities in the rural areas in Indonesia. Identification of the genes underlying livestock production traits leads to more efficient breeding programs and it is a promising way to improve production traits of farm animals. Growth hormone is a polypeptide hormone which is the major regulator of the metabolic procedures of growth and development and it is encoded by GH gene. The objective of this study was to detect the genetic polymorphism of GH gene in major Etawah Crossbred (PE) goat using PCR-RFLP. The PCR amplified fragment were digested with Hae III endonuclease and the result showed the presence of two genotype CC and CD. The total frequency were 47.0% and 53.0% for CC and CD genotype respectively in 94 tested goats. Statistical analysis showed that in the fragment amplified by the pair of primer, CD genotype had significant higher birth weight and weight of 100 days old (weaning weight) than CC genotype (P<0.01). In conclusion that GH gene may be a mayor gene or linked to the mayor gene to affect the weight traits and the polymorphic site could be used to select the goat weight in marker-assisted selection program.
Land use/cover classification of arid and semi‐arid Mediterranean landscapes using Landsat ETM

Land use/cover classification in heterogeneous east Mediterranean landscapes is challenging, e.g. Jordan. Digital land use/cover maps are needed at an appropriate cost, spatial and temporal coverage. North‐western Jordan is appropriate for exploring the use of Landsat ETM imagery in land use/cover delineations as its biogeographic zones are very diverse and heterogeneous. Supervised and unsupervised classification schemes were used with and without spatial enhancement techniques. Sources of classification errors were inspected statistically. Results indicated that Landsat ETM images are effective in classifying heterogeneous Mediterranean landscapes with an accuracy of up to 83%. Accuracy was enhanced by approximately 9% using supervised classification. Spatial enhancement improved accuracy of certain classes and reduced it for others. Results call for class‐specific classification schemes. Areas of the different land use/cover classes of the study area were estimated from the classified image. Urban, shrubland and rangeland areas were estimated for the first time. There is a growing concern about the governmental census estimates of certain classes.
Stratigraphic Expression of Intra-Point-Bar Erosion and Rotation

Abstract Meander belts are characterized by a complex amalgam of point bars and associated depositional elements, such as oxbow-lake fills. Point-bar deposits are composite elements often characterized by complex scroll-bar patterns formed in response to processes of expansion, rotation, and translation of a meander bend. Intra-point-bar erosion is commonly observed in modern river systems, yet its product is rarely described from the ancient record. Late Cretaceous meander-belt deposits, consisting of a transition from a point-bar to counter-point-bar deposit, as well as an associated abandoned channel fill, crop out in south central Alberta, Canada. The strata are characterized by widespread evidence for intra-point bar deposit erosion and punctuated rotation. In the stratigraphic record, intra-point bar deposit erosion and punctuated rotation is expressed by steeply dipping discordant surfaces (up to 20°), which truncate previously deposited lateral-accretion packages. Across these erosion surfaces the direction of bar migration often rotates significantly, up to 50°. Subsequent accretion surfaces onlap intra-point-bar-deposit erosion surfaces. The analysis reveals that point-bar surfaces are formed through a complex interplay of erosional and depositional processes along their length, resulting in stratigraphic surfaces that may be highly composite. This study departs from more simplistic process models of point bars that consider deposits to be the product of continuous lateral accretion, and as such has important implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions and subsurface reservoir characterization.
Variation in sexual communication and its role in divergence of two host strains of the noctuid moth Spodoptera frugiperda

The corn- and rice-strains of Spodoptera frugiperda exhibit several genetic and behavioral differences and appear to be undergoing ecological speciation in sympatry. Previous studies reported conflicting results when investigating male attraction to pheromone lures in different regions, but this could have been due to inter-strain and/or geographic differences. Therefore, we investigated whether corn- and rice-strain males differed in their response to two synthetic pheromone blends in different regions in North America, the Caribbean and South America. These two blends mirrored differences we had previously documented between females of both strains and trapped males were classified by a strain-specific mitochondrial DNA marker. We found that corn-strain males preferred Blend 1, i.e. 100% ( Z )-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:OAc), 13% (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:OAc), 2% ( Z )-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:OAc), 1% ( Z )-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:OAc), over Blend 2 (100% Z9-14:OAc, 8% Z11-16:OAc, 4% Z7-12:OAc, 2% Z9-12:OAc) in South America (Peru, Argentina) and half of the Puerto Rico and Florida field sites, but were equally attracted to both blends in Canada, North Carolina, and the other half of the Puerto Rico and Florida field sites. Furthermore, corn-strain males showed geographic variation in response to different doses of Z7-12:OAc. In contrast, rice-strain males showed almost no geographic variation in response to different pheromone blends. Addition of the minor compound ( E )-7-dodecenyl acetate to Z9-14:OAc was attractive to males in North Carolina, but not in Peru. Overall, our results suggest that corn-strain males are more restricted in their response to pheromone blends than rice-strain males and this specificity shows some geographic variation.
Modes of high‐latitude auroral conductance variability derived from DMSP energetic electron precipitation observations: Empirical orthogonal function analysis

We provide the first ever characterization of the primary modes of ionospheric Hall and Pedersen conductance variability as empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). These are derived from six satellite years of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) particle data acquired during the rise of solar cycles 22 and 24. The 60 million DMSP spectra were each processed through the Global Airlglow Model. Ours is the first large‐scale analysis of ionospheric conductances completely free of assumption of the incident electron energy spectra. We show that the mean patterns and first four EOFs capture ∼50.1 and 52.9% of the total Pedersen and Hall conductance variabilities, respectively. The mean patterns and first EOFs are consistent with typical diffuse auroral oval structures and quiet time strengthening/weakening of the mean pattern. The second and third EOFs show major disturbance features of magnetosphere‐ionosphere (MI) interactions: geomagnetically induced auroral zone expansion in EOF2 and the auroral substorm current wedge in EOF3. The fourth EOFs suggest diminished conductance associated with ionospheric substorm recovery mode. We identify the most important modes of ionospheric conductance variability. Our results will allow improved modeling of the background error covariance needed for ionospheric assimilative procedures and improved understanding of MI coupling processes.
Spatial and Temporal Evolution of the Geochemistry and Sedimentary Processes of Lake Saint-François in the 20th Century

A snapshot of trends in sediment geochemistry in Lake Saint-Francois during the past 20 years was produced by compiling and interpreting physical and geochemical data drawn from 27 sediment cores and three surface-sediment sampling campaigns. Certain anthropogenic events in Lake Saint-Francois during early industrial development of the Cornwall–Massena area greatly contributed to altering the lake’s hydrodynamics and changed the dynamics governing sediment deposition. The resulting major temporal and spatial modifications have caused annual sediment accumulation rates to vary from 0.2 to 1.9 cm and have led to variations in the particle-size distribution of particles deposited in the basin. Five sedimentary units were defined for recent sediments based on these quantitative variations and different areas of sediment accumulation in Lake Saint-Francois were correlated. In interpreting the geochemical data, we have been able to assess, both in time and space, variations in the geochemical components of contaminants deposited in lake sediments following industrial development in the Cornwall–Massena area. The study of the geochemical trend led to a determination that, beginning in the 1970s, contaminant concentrations declined considerably, with average mercury and total PCB levels falling from 0.47 to 0.23 μg/g and 0.397 to 0.028 μg/g, respectively. We also identified four different cycles of variations in contaminant concentrations in the lake since the turn of the 20th century.
A social network perspective on sport management: The effect of network embeddedness on the commercial performance of sport organizations

Pieters is with FC Eindhoven (chairman), The Netherlands. He received his PhD at Hasselt University, Belgium. Knoben is with the Dept. of Organisation Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands. Pouwels is with the Municipality of Heeze-Leende, Heeze, the Netherlands. A Social Network Perspective on Sport Management: The Effect of Network Embeddedness on the Commercial Performance of Sport Organizations
From continental extension to seafloor spreading: crustal structure of the Goban Spur rifted margin, southwest of the UK

We present a 169-km wide-angle velocity model across the Goban Spur rifted margin, southwest of the UK. A 120-km-wide intermediate region is identified between the first clear seafloor spreading magnetic anomaly (anomaly 34r) and thinned continental crust, where velocities increase from 4.5 km s1 to 6.8 km s1 in the top 4 km beneath acoustic basement. At depth it can be divided into a region where a 1.5-km-thick high-velocity layer (7.2–7.6 km s1) exists and a region where this layer is absent but velocities of 7 km s1 are present. Wide-angle PmP arrivals are observed across the whole of the intermediate region but a normal incidence reflection Moho is not present. Based on these velocities and combined with seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic modelling along this transect we interpret the intermediate region to consist of a 70 km wide zone of exhumed mantle with high Poisson's ratio at top basement (>0.34), an extremely low topographic expression and a high-velocity deep layer. Empirical relationships between velocity and degree of serpentinization suggest that serpentinite content decreases with depth from 100 per cent at top basement to <25 per cent from 5–7 km into basement. The observed magnetic anomaly is best fit by a thin magnetized layer (1 km) of magnetization 2–3 A m1. The intense magnetization may be due to magnetite formation during a prolonged interaction of serpentinite with sea water. Between this exhumed mantle and anomaly 34r is a 50-km-wide region raised 400 m above the adjacent exhumed mantle, consisting of a series of basement ridges. Poisson's ratio is not well defined in this region, which may be composed of anomalous oceanic crust or exhumed mantle.
THE ABDUS SALAM INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS DETERMINISTIC GROUND MOTION MODELLING AT RUSSE, NE BULGARIA, ASSOCIATED TO THE VRANCEA INTERMEDIATE-DEPTH EARTHQUAKES

An analytical deterministic technique, based on the detailed knowledge of the seismic source process and of the propagation of seismic waves, has been applied to generate synthetic seismic signals at Russe, NE Bulgaria, associated to the strongest intermediate-depth Vrancea earthquakes, which occurred during the last century (1940, 1977, 1986 and 1990). The obtained results show that all ground motion components contribute significantly to the seismic loading and that the seismic source parameters influence the shape and the amplitude of the seismic signal. The approach we used proves that realistic seismic input (also at remote distances) can be constructed via waveform modelling, considering all the possible factors influencing the ground motion.
Fluctuations in geyser activity caused by variations in Earth tidal forces, barometric pressure, and tectonic stresses

Study of the eruptions of three geysers located in two regions of the United States shows clearly that the interval between eruptions of a geyser is strongly influenced by variations in gravity due to earth tidal forces, variations in barometric pressure, and the buildup and release of tectonic strains usually associated with earthquake activity. Barometric pressure and tidal forces, both of which vary periodically, induce corresponding periodic fluctuations in the interval between eruptions, both increasing barometric pressure and increasing variation in gravity shortening the interval. The aperiodic tectonic strains associated with earthquakes produce consistent and repeatable patterns of changes in eruption intervals.
Farm's Financing Patterns and Financial System Development: Evidence from Ukraine and Poland

Using integral indicator of financial system development, we investigate how the financial system in Ukraine and Poland developed during 2010-2015 and how financial system development affects financing of farms in Ukraine and Poland. The results of the study indicate that there was a rapid decline in the development of Ukraine’s financial system during 2010-2015 and positive tendency in the development of Polish financial system. The results of the paper deny the findings of some researchers that in countries with a less developed financial system, the role of external financing is lower. The results of the study showed that the dependence of Ukrainian farms on external financing increased significantly during 2010-2015. The main feature was that external financing grew not due to an increase in bank loans but due to informal sources. Contrary to Ukraine in Poland, the study revealed a strong statistical relationship between the integral indicators of the financial system and indicators characterizing the financing patterns of agricultural enterprises. This gives some arguments in favour of the confirmation of the hypothesis that the stable development of the financial system in advanced economies, generates a gradual increase the role of long-term debt and perpetuates its own sources of financing of agricultural enterprises.