Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, confidence, and educational needs of newborn care among North Korean refugee women: a descriptive study

Purpose North Korean refugee women struggle with the double burden of adaptation and parenting as mothers in a new environment. This study aimed to identify the knowledge, confidence, and educational needs regarding newborn care among North Korean refugees, and to determine differences between these variables according to participants' characteristics. Methods Data were collected from September to October 2022, and 150 North Korean refugee women recruited using convenience sampling participated in the study. Descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results The mean scores were as follows: parenting knowledge, 14.97 out of 25; infection prevention knowledge and confidence, 20.09 out of 33 and 51.37 out of 80, respectively; and educational needs, 245.86 out of 310. Significant differences were observed in newborn care, knowledge, and confidence according to maternal age, educational level, family structure, and pregnancy history. Significant positive correlations were observed between the participants' newborn care knowledge, confidence, and educational needs. Conclusion Personalized educational programs should be implemented to enhance North Korean refugee women's confidence in newborn care, focusing on areas with low knowledge levels and high educational needs and enabling women to achieve healthy pregnancy and childbirth, and to parent well.
Non-fragile robust model predictive controller design for uncertain time-delay systems with input constraints

ABSTRACT This paper addresses a non-fragile robust model predictive control design for a class of continuous-time uncertain systems with multiple state-delay and constrained control signals. The parameters of the system and the control gain are assumed to have perturbation in the additive form. The Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional approach is employed to derive sufficient conditions for determining a non-fragile robust state-feedback controller for all admissible uncertainties by minimising the upper bound of the defined quadratic cost function with respect to some linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). An additional inequality condition is imposed to address the constraint associated with the control signals. Numerical simulations are provided to assess the performance of the proposed controller.
Stretching-enhanced ballistic thermal conductance in graphene nanoribbons

We combine the nonequilibrium Green's function method with the elastic theory to investigate the ballistic thermal transport in graphene nanoribbons under homogeneous uniaxial stretching applied in the longitudinal direction. Remarkable enhanced thermal conductance is found for the samples with width in the appropriate range. The enhancement ratios could be up to 17% and 36% for the 5 nm width zigzag and armchair graphene nanoribbons, respectively. This enhancement effect results from a lot of dispersive phonon modes which are converged to the low-frequency region. In addition, the transverse shrinkage induced by the Poisson effect is beneficial for enhancing thermal conductance, while the transverse stretching has only a modest modification on thermal conductance. It is also observed that for 2.6 nm width nanoribbons the power-law temperature dependence, Tβ, of thermal conductance at low temperatures is independent of strain, with β=1 below a critical temperature about 10 K and β≃2 at 20 K ⩽T⩽ 50 K, which differ markedly from β=1.5 in the two-dimensional case. Moreover, above the critical width 11 nm, the armchair nanoribbon displays higher phonon thermal conductance than the same-width zigzag nanoribbon.
Least Squares Calibration of the Gravity Model When Intrazonal Flows are Unknown

Some very fast least-squares based calibration procedures for the gravity model have been presented in earlier papers. Since these procedures are inconvenient or impossible to use when diagonal elements of the base period origin—destination (O—D) matrix are unavailable, one of the procedures has been modified to handle such situations. This modified procedure is described in this paper and then applied to two O—D tables—one for food grains and the other for coal. For these two data sets the procedure yields estimates which are virtually identical to corresponding maximum likelihood estimates.
Hydrogen-hydrogen pair correlation function in liquid water

The hydrogen pair correlation function of liquid water has been measured by time-of-flight neutron diffraction. The isotope substitution technique has been used to cancel the problematic hydrogen incoherent and inelastic scattering without introducing a dynamical model of the liquid. The results are in remarkable agreement with computer simulations of water using model potentials, although the short-range structure is more tightly coordinated than predicted.
Alarming Upward Trend in Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in a Large Cohort of Immunocompromised Children: A Four-Year Comparative Study

Simple Summary Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with cancer. The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria is an ongoing problem, leading to difficulties in the treatment of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections. Our main objective was to document the evolution of multidrug resistant bacteria in a tertiary centre in Lyon, France, which was initially stable between 2014 and 2017 in a study conducted by Raad C. et al. (2021). Following 2017, multidrug resistant bacteria seem to increase gradually in bloodstream infections and in digestive colonisations in a similar cohort in the same tertiary centre, considering that the antibiotic management did not change over the eight years. We want to raise awareness among health practitioners and to incite other similar centres to study their tendencies of multidrug resistant bacteria in order to avoid dangerous multidrug resistant infections in immunocompromised children with a rather good prognostic otherwise. Abstract Documenting bacteremia at the onset of fever in immunosuppressed children is challenging; therefore, it leads to the early administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. We aimed to analyse the evolution of antibiotic resistance profiles of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI) and gut colonisations in a large cohort of immunocompromised children carrying a central venous catheter, in comparison with a prior, similar study conducted in our centre from 2014 to 2017. A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2021, in a tertiary centre for paediatric immuno-haematology and oncology. Empirical antibiotic therapy was adapted to the immunosuppression risk group and prior bacterial colonisation. There was a mean of 6.9 BSI/1000 patient bed days. Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) associated BSI accounted for 35/273 (12.8%). The incidence of MDRB gum/gut colonisation and MDRB associated BSI increased annually and correlated with the level of immunosuppression (p = 0.024). One third (34.7%) of the BSI episodes were not associated with neutropenia. As compared to the previous study, an alarming emergence of MDRB responsible for gut colonisations and BSI in immunosuppressed children was reported over the last four years. The degree of immunosuppression directly correlates with the risk of having an MDRB gut colonisation or MDRB BSI.
Optically controlled random lasing based on photothermal effect in dye-doped nematic liquid crystals

We presented a way to control the output of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) random laser with a response time of hundreds of milliseconds by a continuous-wave laser beam with the power of several milliwatts. The lasing intensity can be tuned continuously by variation of the control power in the range from 0 to 5 mW or the lasing output can be switched on and off by turning off and on the control beam when the control power reaches 6 mW. The control power-dependent lasing polarisation and the self-phase modulation of the control beam indicate that the photothermal effect, which leads to the change of the order of the NLC and subsequently the change of the long-range fluctuation of the dielectric tensor, is mainly responsible for the controllability of the random lasing.
Radio properties of spiral galaxies in high-density groups

Radio-continuum observations with the Very Large Array (VLA) of 133 spiral galaxies in 68 Hickson Compact Groups are used to investigate possible enhancement of the effects of interactions among galaxies in such high-density groups. In most of the 56 HCG spirals that were detected the radio radiation is confined to slightly extended nuclear regions suggestive of starburst activity. It is found that the total radio radiation from compact group spirals is significantly lower than from a comparison sample of isolated spirals. However, the radio radiation from the nuclear regions is more than 10 times that from comparable regions in the comparison sample. This effect is more dominant in late-type spirals than it is in early-type spirals. The observations are interpreted in a scenario, suggested by numerical simulation studies by a number of authors, in which galaxy interactions are shown to cause both massive inflows of gas towards the centres of galaxies and outflows from the outer regions. The resultant star formation activity at the centre leads to the formation of supernovae and the subsequent radio radiation. On the other hand, the outflow from the outer regions may be expected to remove the gas and magnetic fields from the disc, resulting in reduced disc radio emission. Observations of gaseous and molecular line distributions may be expected to provide kinematic information for modelling of specific interacting systems
Multicolor Optical Imaging of Infrared-Warm Seyfert Galaxies. IV. Surface Photometry: Color Distributions

This paper is the fourth in a series studying the optical properties of a sample of mid-infrared warm Seyfert galaxies and of a control sample of mid-infrared cold galaxies. The present paper is devoted to the analysis of the color distributions characterizing the hosts. The warm Seyfert 1 and 2 galaxies show opposite color gradients and their color profiles are depicting age and dust effects within single-burst, solar-metallicity models. In particular, we find ample evidence for the occurrence of strong star formation in the Seyfert 2 disks: their color and emission line two-dimensional maps suggest dust extinction associated with ongoing star formation in spiral and tidal features; their color profiles show starbursts of 0.5-1 Gyr or younger, superposed on the older underlying galaxy population. Most of these properties are shared with the cold galaxies, while the warm Seyfert 1 galaxies show mostly older stellar populations and, in only a few cases, evidence for circumnuclear star formation.
Neuromorphic Computing for Scientific Applications

Neuromorphic computing technology continues to make strides in the development of new algorithms, devices, and materials. In addition, applications have begun to emerge where neuromorphic computing shows promising results. However, numerous barriers to further development and application remain. In this work, we identify several science areas where neuromorphic computing can either make an immediate impact (within 1 to 3 years) or the societal impact would be extremely high if the technological barriers can be addressed. We identify both opportunities and hurdles to the development of neuromorphic computing technology for these areas. Finally, we discuss future directions that need to be addressed to expand both the development and application of neuromorphic computing.
Comparison of the Effect of Intravenous Fentanyl with Low-Dose Ketamine on Pain Relief in Patients Taking Methadone and Suffering from Limb Fractures

Background: Given the significance of pain control in addicted patients and the prominence of not using opioids due to patient's drug dependence, the present study aimed at comparing and evaluating the effect of intravenous fentanyl with low-dose ketamine on pain relief in patients taking methadone and suffering from limb fractures. Materials and Methods: The present double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 100 patients taking methadone and suffering from limb fractures. The patients were divided into two groups receiving 1 μg/kg single dose of fentanyl and 0.3 mg/kg single dose of ketamine (low-dose ketamine). Patients' pain scores and the incidence rate of complications were recorded before the intervention, and 15, 30, and 60 min after drug administration and were then compared between the two groups. Results: The mean pain score of patients 15 min after the intervention was significantly lower in the low-dose ketamine group with a mean of 2.50 ± 1.34 as compared with the fentanyl group with a mean of 7.10 ± 1.43 (P < 0.001). However, the mean pain score was not significantly different between the two groups 30 and 60 min after the intervention (P > 0.05). In addition, the incidence rate of complications was not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, low-dose ketamine as compared with fentanyl relieves pain in the mentioned patients with a faster effect and in a shorter time although no difference can be found between the pain scores of the two groups 30 and 60 min after the intervention.
Adaptive stabilization of coupled PDE–ODE systems with multiple uncertainties ∗

The adaptive stabilization is investigated for a class of coupled PDE-ODE systems with multiple uncertainties. The presence of the multiple uncertainties and the interaction between the sub-systems makes the systems to be considered more general and representative, and moreover it may result in the ineffectiveness of the conventional methods on this topic. Motivated by the existing literature, an infinite-dimensional backsteppping transformation with new kernel functions is first introduced to change the original system into a target system, from which the control design and performance analysis of the original system will become quite convenient. Then, by certainty equivalence principle and Lyapunov method, an adaptive stabilizing controller is successfully constructed, which guarantees that all the closed-loop system states are bounded while the original system states converging to zero. A simulation example is provided to validate the proposed method.
Helping Students Become Proficient Problem Solvers Part I: A Brief Review

Understanding issues involved in expertise in physics problem solving is important for helping students become good problem solvers. In part 1 of this article, we summarize the research on problem solving relevant for physics education across three broad categories: knowledge organization, information processing and cognitive load, and metacognition and problem-solving heuristics. We also discuss specific strategies discussed in the literature for promoting the development of problem-solving skills in physics. This review article can be valuable in helping instructors develop students’ problem solving, reasoning, and metacognitive skills in physics and other related disciplines. Additionally, this review article is relevant across educational contexts in countries that may have different educational paradigms and challenges.
New Insights to Design Electrospun Fibers with Tunable Electrical Conductive–Semiconductive Properties

Fiber electronics, such as those produced by the electrospinning technique, have an extensive range of applications including electrode surfaces for batteries and sensors, energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding, antistatic coatings, catalysts, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and smart textiles. New composite materials and blends from conductive–semiconductive polymers (C-SPs) offer high surface area-to-volume ratios with electrical tunability, making them suitable for use in fields including electronics, biofiltration, tissue engineering, biosensors, and “green polymers”. These materials and structures show great potential for embedded-electronics tissue engineering, active drug delivery, and smart biosensing due to their electronic transport behavior and mechanical flexibility with effective biocompatibility. Doping, processing methods, and morphologies can significantly impact the properties and performance of C-SPs and their composites. This review provides an overview of the current literature on the processing of C-SPs as nanomaterials and nanofibrous structures, mainly emphasizing the electroactive properties that make these structures suitable for various applications.
Influence of Guanine-Based Purines on the Oxidoreductive Reactions Involved in Normal or Altered Brain Functions

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain is homeostatically controlled and contributes to normal neural functions. Inefficiency of control mechanisms in brain aging or pathological conditions leads to ROS overproduction with oxidative neural cell damage and degeneration. Among the compounds showing therapeutic potential against neuro-dysfunctions induced by oxidative stress are the guanine-based purines (GBPs), of which the most characterized are the nucleoside guanosine (GUO) and the nucleobase guanine (GUA), which act differently. Indeed, the administration of GUO to in vitro or in vivo models of acute brain injury (ischemia/hypoxia or trauma) or chronic neurological/neurodegenerative disorders, exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, decreasing the production of reactive radicals and improving mitochondrial function via multiple molecular signals. However, GUO administration to rodents also causes an amnesic effect. In contrast, the metabolite, GUA, could be effective in memory-related disorders by transiently increasing ROS production and stimulating the nitric oxide/soluble guanylate cyclase/cGMP/protein kinase G cascade, which has long been recognized as beneficial for cognitive function. Thus, it is worth pursuing further studies to ascertain the therapeutic role of GUO and GUA and to evaluate the pathological brain conditions in which these compounds could be more usefully used.
Internet activities and social and community participation among young people with learning disabilities

Background: A digital lag has been reported on access to the internet and performing internet activities for young people with learning disabilities in everyday life. Aim: The aim of this study is to explore environmental opportunities and challenges when performing internet activities and how internet use influences social and community participation for young people with learning disabilities from the perspectives of the target group. Methods: An inductive design was applied, with focused observations and follow ‐ up interviews of 15 internet ‐ using young persons with learning disabilities in their everyday settings. The data was analysed interpretatively using open coding. Findings: The environment offered both opportunities and challenges in terms of the design of digital devices and digital support. Support from peers was often preferred. All participants performed internet activities related to social participation although not all used social media. Searching for information was performed, however, finding the information or understanding it was challenging and led to restricted participation in the community. Conclusion: More examples of internet use positively influencing social participation were found, contrary to community participation. It is indicated that concrete learning situations when using the internet for social participation were more adapted to the participants and promoted this type of participation, contrary to situations of internet use influencing community participation.
A Critical Analysis on the Transfer of Learning Technologies in Higher Education Curriculum Design

Transfer of Learning (“transfer”) has been studied for many decades in various fields dealing with the cognitive sciences such as psychology, learning, and education. A distinction between near transfer and far transfer is generally accepted, the latter referring to significant dissimilarities along various dimensions between an original learning context and a later situation requiring the application of knowledge [1]. The far transfer of learning is the putative goal of education. However, the focus in higher education practices on this phenomenon is not generally commensurate with its importance for students about to graduate from formal schooling to permanent employment. Yet at this time of their life, transfer of prior learning becomes an issue arguably more critical than in any other period.This paper pulls together some of the key literature describing studies into the transfer of learning, and argues that the phenomenon should receive much more attention and focus in higher education than it does.Although there is some doubt in the literature about the nature or efficacy of transfer, the doubts appear to rely on scientifically narrow definitions of transfer which exclude deliberate interventions that facilitate transfer. However, such narrow approaches are unnecessary for effective application in an educational context. This is because there is substantial accumulated evidence in the literature that a wide range of practical interventions are possible in learning, teaching, and assessment in higher education that have been shown to directly facilitate the transfer of learning.
A Joint Model Extraction and Data Detection Framework for IRS-NOMA System

This paper addresses the problem of data detection for intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. Also, the phase noise, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) quantization error and imperfect channel estimation are taken into consideration. At present, IRS is designed to be deployed in a wide range of scenarios. However, the quantization error model and IRS phase error model developed for limited scenarios may not be well adapted to the complex and changing environment, which brings a new challenge for the application of IRS. Therefore, this paper investigates a new hybrid method for joint noise model extraction, device activity detection and data detection in the case of unknown noise models, to solve the aforementioned IRS problem. Firstly, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is used to describe the model of quantization noise and phase noise. Thus the problem of model extraction is transformed into the calculation of the key parameters of GMM. Secondly, an improved expectation maximization algorithm is used to calculate the quantization noise model parameters. Finally, utilizing the property of the structure of the problem, a message-passing based algorithm is investigated. Simulation results show the merits of the proposed hybrid algorithm.
Object Detection and Classification in FWMAVs for Smart Pollination

Object Detection and Classification algorithms are necessary for Smart Pollination by FWMAVs(Flapping-Wing Micro Aerial Vehicles). The FWMAVs would need to recognise flowers and navigate towards them. Due to the extremely low limitations on size, power consumption and weight, heavy machine learning models could not be developed to run on small microcontroller chips due to heavy resource consumption and low speed. In this research, we try to overcome this problem by having the FWMAV stream the video in real-time to a server and have the object detection algorithms run online. We implement this in two ways and compare them. In the first one, we directly upload the stream without processing, and in the second, we compress the data before uploading. We compare both methods on the basis of accuracy and performance. We conclude that the former is ideal for crispier data and an environment with lower latency. The latter is advisable for those areas where network has high latency and less data transfer is feasible.