Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N-terminal domain regulates steroid activation of elephant shark glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors

Orthologs of human glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and human mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) first appear in cartilaginous fishes. Subsequently, the MR and GR diverged to respond to different steroids: the MR to aldosterone and the GR to cortisol and corticosterone. We report that cortisol, corticosterone and aldosterone activate full-length elephant shark GR, and progesterone, which activates elephant shark MR, does not activate elephant shark GR. However, progesterone inhibits steroid binding to elephant shark GR, but not to human GR. Together, this indicates partial functional divergence of elephant shark GR from the MR. Deletion of the N-terminal domain (NTD) from elephant shark GR (truncated GR) reduced the response to corticosteroids, while truncated and full-length elephant shark MR had similar responses to corticosteroids. Swapping of NTDs of elephant shark GR and MR yielded an elephant shark MR chimera with full-length GR-like increased activation by corticosteroids and progesterone compared to full-length elephant shark MR. Elephant shark MR NTD fused to GR DBD + LBD had similar activation as full-length MR, indicating that the MR NTD lacked GR-like NTD activity. We propose that NTD activation of human GR evolved early in GR divergence from the MR.
Emissão de CO2 do solo associada à calagem em área de conversão de laranja para cana-de-açúcar

The soil CO2 emission (FCO2) in agricultural areas is resulting from the interaction of several factors, as amended by the practice of soil management practices and crop, in addition to the local edaphoclimatic conditions. In this study, we aimed to quantify FCO2 influenced by liming and application position (row and interrow old) of the orange crop in conversion area for cultivation of sugar cane in the municipality of Frutal-MG. The treatments evaluated were: Row/CC (row with lime application), Interrow/CC (interrow with application of lime), Row/SC (row without liming) and Interrow/SC (interrow without liming). FCO2, temperature (Ts) and soil moisture (Us) were evaluated over 12 days. The highest average value of FCO2 over the study period was observed in the treatment Row/CC (9.63 µmol m-2 s-1) and the lowest in Interrow/CC (5.92 µmol m-2 s-1) according to the Tukey test. The FCO2 was negatively correlated with Us in Row/CC (r = - 0.56, p < 0.05) and in Row/SC (r = - 0.66, p < 0.05). It was also observed a significant and positive correlation between FCO2 and Ts in Row/CC (r = 0.76, p < 0.001), Row/SC (r = 0.89, p < 0.001) and in Interrow/SC (r = 0.66, p < 0.05). It was observed that liming and position of application (row and interrow) influenced the soil CO2 emissions.
A SECTORAL MODEL EXTENSION TO STREAM

This paper proposes a sectoral extension to STREAM, the Bank’s main macroeconometric model. The extension documented in this paper borrows heavily from linking integration strategies prevalent in literature. The approach utilised here however, differs in two main ways when compared to existing integrated models. Unlike other integrated models the model proposed in this paper makes use of three modules and two different integration strategies, making it extremely flexible and able to answer a range of policy oriented questions. Secondly, this model utilises a fully-fledged macroeconometric model in its EC module, allowing for more realistic dynamics when compared to the single equation EC models used in literature. JEL Classification: Econometrics, Input-Output model, Integrated models, Malta
Valorization of Baby Carrot Processing Waste

ABSTRACT Carrot processors produce approximately 175,000 tons of waste annually in the United State of America. Carrot waste conversion is important to the carrot processing industry as this waste is rich in bioactive compounds and dietary fiber. We evaluated the effects of hydraulic press and expeller press on liquid and bioactive compound extractions. Mechanical separation of carrot mash by expeller pressing improved liquid extraction over the hydraulic press while simultaneously increasing the total solid, carotenoid, and polyphenol contents. Compared to untreated control mash, mechanically treated mash had higher fat-binding capacity. Our study indicates that further conversion of carrot mash could lead to better value streams for this byproduct.
Nickel substituted LiMn2O4 cathode with durable high-rate capability for Li-ion batteries

Spinel LiMn2−xNixO4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) nanoparticles were prepared through a simple one-step polymer-assisted chemical solution method. When x = 0.1, the cathode exhibited the best durable rate capability, with 100% of the capacity retained (∼100 mAh g−1) after 400 cycles at 10 C current rate. The excellent cyclability and rate capability originate from the thin carbon layer automatically formed from incomplete depolymerisation of polymers and the improved conductivity due to the nickel dopant. The improved conductivity was confirmed by less polarization at high current rate.
Influence of Phenol Addition on the H-ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalytic Properties during Methylcyclohexane Transformation

The transformation of mixtures of methylcyclohexane and small amounts of phenol, added in growing quantities (0.01, 0.06, 0.6, and 1.2 wt %), was carried out over an H-ZSM-5 zeolite at 350 and 450 °C, in order to simulate the biomass-derived oils and fluid catalytic cracking feedstocks cofeeding. At 350 °C, with only 0.6 wt % of phenol fed with methylcyclohexane, a very fast and quasicomplete deactivation of the zeolite occurs. The main cause of deactivation is the strong adsorption of phenol molecules on the acid sites of the zeolite causing at the same time active-site and pore blockage. This could be due to the small size of the ZSM-5 pores that slows down the diffusion of phenol molecules and facilitates their adsorption and retention. This negative effect of phenol addition can be observed whatever the contact time, the reaction temperature, and even after only 2 min of reaction (first experimental value). All this suggests that, depending on the amount of bio-oil incorporated in the classical FCC fe.
IL‐19 induced by IL‐13/IL‐17A in the nasal epithelium of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis upregulates MMP‐9 expression via ERK/NF‐κB signaling pathway

Abstract Background Tissue remodeling is a crucial characteristic of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is crucial for the pathologic tissue remodeling in CRS. Elevation of interleukin (IL)‐19 or MMP‐9 levels in patients with CRS had been proven in previous studies. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of IL‐19 in mediating MMP‐9 expression in CRS. Methods Nasal tissue samples were collected from 45 individuals having chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), 24 CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 17 controls. Expression of IL‐19, its receptors (IL‐20R1/IL‐20R2), and MMP‐9 were investigated using RT‐qPCR and Immunofluorescence (IF). Human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were stimulated by IL‐19; ERK phosphorylation, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway activation, and MMP‐9 level were detected by RT‐qPCR, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and IF. We also explored the effect of type1/2/3 cytokines on IL‐19 production by RT‐qPCR, and western blot. Results Expression levels of IL‐19, its receptors (IL‐20R1/IL‐20R2), and MMP‐9 were increased in nasal tissues from individuals with CRSwNP compared to those with CRSsNP as well as the controls. IL‐19 significantly elevated the production of MMP‐9 in HNECs. Furthermore, IL‐19 could activate the ERK and NF‐κB pathways, accompanied by increased MMP‐9 production in HNECs. Conversely, both ERK and NF‐κB inhibitors significantly attenuated the role of IL‐19 in MMP‐9 production. siRNA knockdown of IL‐20R1 suppressed ERK and NF‐κB pathway activation, thereby decreasing MMP‐9 expression. IL‐13 and IL‐17A were found to stimulate IL‐19 production in HNECs. Conclusion IL‐19, promoted by IL‐13 and IL‐17A, contributes to the upregulation of secretion of the tissue remodeling factor MMP‐9 in patients with CRS.
Internal Relaxation, Band Gaps and Elastic Constant Calculations of FeS2

Abstract Full relaxation of volume and internal parameters of iron pyrite and marcasite FeS2, has been studied using a plane-wave pseudopotential method within the Local Density Approximation to Density Functional Theory (LDA-DFT). We find that the internal parameter u of pyrite decreases with hydrostatic compression. The P-V equation of state falls slightly closer to the experimental curve than a previous unrelaxed Tight-Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (TB-LMTO) calculation. The optimized parameters are used in a TB-LMTO calculation to predict the electronic structure from which we find a larger band gap on marcasite compared to pyrite. Ab initio calculations of elastic constants for pyrite were performed using the Full Potential (FP) LMTO method and agree to within 7% with experiment.
Optimizing Fermentation Conditions of Recombinant Escherichia coli Expressing Cyclopentanone Monooxygenase

Microbial Baeyer−Villiger oxidation of different substrates with cyclopentanone monooxygenase (CPMO) from Comamonas NCIMB 9872 was up-scaled to benchtop fermenter scale. Conditions for cell growth and biocatalyst production were optimized, and a convenient, environmentally friendly and applicable methodology for the preparation of chiral building blocks for natural product and bioactive compound synthesis was developed by applying a resin based on the concept of in situ “substrate feeding−product removal” (SFPR). Three different ketones (4-methylcyclohexanone, rac-3-methylcyclohexanone, and 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-one) were converted in 5−15 g/L scale in a conventional bioreactor, with a volumetric productivity of up to 1 g L-1 h-1 in good to excellent yield and enantiomeric purity.
Remediation of vehicle wash sediments contaminated with hydrocarbons: A field demonstration

Military training reservations contain vehicle wash facilities where combat vehicles and other equipment are washed after field maneuvers. During this process, sediments containing significant concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons accumulate in concrete sedimentation basins. Conventional treatment methods to decontaminate these sediments include landfill disposal or land application. However, vegetative remediation systems may offer a cost‐effective alternative. A phytoremediation design that reduces petroleum hydrocarbons to acceptable levels and is simple to manage was developed for the Central Vehicle Wash Facility at Fort Riley, Kansas. Two treatments using vegetation and fertilizer were compared to a treatment of fertilizer and no vegetation in a 3‐year study. Initial hydrocarbon concentrations, determined as total petroleum hydrocarbons, averaged about 800 mgTPH/kgsoil. All treatments resulted in reductions in total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations of about 75% after 1 year, suggesting that hydrocarbons in the motor vehicle wash sediments have high biodegradability. Although no significant differences in hydrocarbon degradation were observed among treatments, the benefits of establishing vegetation to cover sediments during treatment suggests phytoremediation as a useful low‐cost tool to manage similar hydrocarbon impacted vehicle wash sediments. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012
Do Nonfinancial Firms Hold Risky Financial Assets? Evidence from Germany

Recent empirical evidence suggests that US industrial firms invest heavily in noncash, risky financial assets. Using hand-collected data on financial portfolios of German firms, we show that risky asset holdings are not an anomaly unique to the US. We find that industrial firms in Germany invest 11.6% of their financial assets in noncash and risky assets. Value-weighted, this percentage increases to 25.4%. While the equally-weighted average is substantial, it is clearly lower (5 percentage points or 30% in relative terms) than that in the US. After accounting for cross-country compositional differences (especially the dominance of large firms in the US technology sector), this difference in risky financial asset holdings decreases but remains at 3 percentage points. The remaining difference is driven by institutional differences that affect the relationship between firm characteristics and risky financial asset holdings in the two countries. In contrast to the US, German firms largely follow the precautionary savings motive and do not seem to misappropriate their funds when shifting them towards riskier asset allocations. Our results have implications for how asset management by nonfinancial firms should be regulated.
Shock‐Tube Measurement of the Rate of Dissociation of Nitrogen

The rate of dissociation of nitrogen behind strong shock waves in nitrogen—argon mixtures was determined using time‐resolved interferometric measurements of gas density. Dissociation rates for impact by N2, N, and Ar were found by varying the mixture composition from 5% N2 to 100% N2. Temperatures from 6000° to 9000°K were covered in the experiments. The effectiveness of the N atom in causing N2 dissociation was found to be more than that of the N2 molecule by a factor of 10 to 15, whereas that of the argon atom was found to be less than that of N2 by a factor of 2.5. A large discrepancy between these results and those reported recently by Cary is partially resolved by an alternative interpretation of his data. A difficulty in fitting all of the data by using a single set of rate constants is described and several possible explanations are suggested.
Calorimetric study: Surface energetics and the magnetic transition in nanocrystalline CoO

CoO nanoparticles ranging in size from 7 to 21 nm were prepared via precipitation and thermal decomposition methods. The particles had water contents ranging from 2.18 to 0.19 wt %; water content decreased with increasing particle size. All particles also contained a small amount of Co3O4 impurity. The surface enthalpy was determined to be 2.82 ± 0.20 J·m-2 by acid solution calorimetry at 298 K. Corrections were made for the water and cobalt spinel impurity. Heat capacity measurements using adiabatic (10−320 K) and semi-adiabatic (0.6−40 K) calorimeters were performed on the sample with particle size 7.0 ± 1.0 nm. The nanoparticle heat capacity had a broad anomaly with a rounded maximum at 265 K, a reduction of 23 K from the Neel temperature TN observed as a sharply peaked maximum in the heat capacity of single-crystal CoO. When corrected for water and Co3O4, the heat capacity of nanophase CoO is greater than that of single-crystal CoO below about 250 K. Above 250 K, the much larger magnetic peak in the h.
Information Mechanics: The Dynamics of “It from Bit”

Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: A Physics and Space Science Volume 20 Issue 14 Version 1.0 Year 2020 Type : Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896
Conditioning and Coordination a Necessity in Appropriation of Learning Program Artistic Gymnastics with Students

The purpose of this study is to recognize, evaluate, compare and develop the level of conditioning-coordinating preparation of students, in the context of realizing the learning process of program elements in practical lessons. This study was attended by 27 students. Participants were selected randomly (of 10 groups having the 2nd Bachelor course two were separated) and were included in this study at their desire. The student group taken in this study would be trained for 8 weeks, according to a defined physical fitness “supplement” program during this period, with the twice-weekly focus on developing plyometric jump and strength exercises for the major muscle groups. , as well as other speed-force coordinate exercises with varying tempo and direction, accompanied by flexion, muscle extension and articulation mobility exercises (stretching). All students included in this study were measured before and after the 8-week training period on the tests: vertical jump, long jump, 20m running, 5x10m running, flexibility, and anthropometric parameters related to these tests. At the end of the training period, the students included in this study had a significant improvement (p <0.05), in the vertical jump with the help of the arms with the hands at the waist by (3.6 ± 0.05cm or 7.4%) and in the vertical jump with the help of the arms (4.8 ± 0.07cm or 8.89%), in the long jump (9.3 ± 1.66 cm or 3.72%), in 20m running (-0.32 ± 0.15sec or 9.6%), in 5x10m running with a change of direction (-0.28 ± 0.35sec or 2.13%), in flexion of front trunk (2.22 ± 2.39cm or 18.7%) as well as back-to-back rotation of the shoulder (6.63 ± 3.39cm or 7.75%). These tests were associated with anthropometric parameters such as, age (22.7 years), weight (75.2 ± 7.5 kg), height (1.82 ± 0.07cm), BMI (22.4 ± 1.39), fitness index (Esslinger) at first assisted measurement of the arms with a second measurement difference of 1.33 ± 0.78 or 1.29% and without the help of arms with a second measurement difference of (1.38 ± 1.02 or 1.56%), which had less significant improvements. The results of this study showed that the effects of the plyometric and strength-velocity training methods, coupled with the methods of developing passive-active flexibility, increased with significant indicators especially on the conditioning-coordination performance skills of the students taken in this study.
Populations among Germinal Center B Cells Contribution of DOCK11 to the Expansion of Antigen-Specific

Germinal centers (GCs) are a structure in which B cell populations are clonally expanded, depending on their affinities to Ag. Although we previously isolated a characteristic protein called dedicator of cytokinesis 11 (DOCK11) from GC B cells, limited information is available on the roles of DOCK11 in GC B cells. In this study, we demonstrate that DOCK11 may contribute to the expansion of Agspecific populations among GC B cells upon immunization of mice. The lack of DOCK11 in B cells resulted in the lower frequency of Ag-specific GC B cells along with enhanced apoptosis upon immunization. Under competitive conditions, DOCK11-deficient B cells were dramatically prevented from participating in GCs, in contrast to DOCK11-sufficient B cells. However, minor impacts of the DOCK11 deficiency were identified on somatic hypermutations. Mechanistically, the DOCK11 deficiency resulted in the suppression of B cell–intrinsic signaling in vitro and in vivo. Although DOCK11 expression by B cells was required for the induction of T follicular helper cells at the early stages of immune responses, minor impacts were identified on the expansion of Ag-specific populations among GC B cells. Thus, DOCK11 appears to contribute to the expansion of Ag-specific populations among GC B cells through the stimulation of B cell–intrinsic signaling. ImmunoHorizons, 2020, 4: 520–529.
Determinants of Skin Cancer Prevention Behaviors in Yazd Students: Application of the Extended Parallel Process Model

Introduction: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers with an increasing global rate. In preventing this disease, the most basic measure is sun protection behaviors. Given the importance of health for medical students as health ambassadors, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of extended parallel process model on the skin cancer preventive behaviors in Yazd students. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 280 students of Yazd universities in 2019. The participants were selected using the random sampling method. A questionnaire based on the extended parallel processes model was used to collect the information. After entering SPSS 18 software, the data were analyzed using appropriate parametric statistical tests including independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and linear regression at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The participants’ mean age and standard deviation was 22.69±3.18 years within the range of 18 to 41 years. Among the participants, 62.5% were women. Application of hats and sunscreen was 15.7% and 30.9%, respectively. According to the findings, the perceived severity structural had the highest score among the model structures. Among the constructs of model, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of behavioral intention (β = 0.376) and preventive behaviors of skin cancer (β = 0.109). Conclusion: Due to the low level of protective behaviors and self-efficacy perceived construct, as the most effective factors on the preventive behaviors of skin cancer, it is recommended to consider educational interventions in this regard.
Selenium levels in liver of Great White Egret (Ardea alba) from São Paulo metropolitan region, Brazil

Selenium is an essential element for birds, although, when excessive it can become toxic and cause failure in their reproduction, mortality and deformities. The urban aquatic environment can be contaminated by Se originated from industrial processes, urban growth, agricultural practices, natural erosion and geochemical cycles. In this environment, Se can enter into the food chain, and the organisms of high trophic levels such as herons can accumulate over the time. In this study, selenium concentrations were determined in livers of Great White Egret (Ardea alba) from São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR), the country largest urban center. The livers from the adult specimens surveyed were from specimens dead in the region during the period 2006-2009. These samples were ground, freeze-dried and homogenized for Se determinations by neutron activation analysis (NAA). Aliquots of each sample and synthetic Se standard were irradiated for 16 h under a thermal neutron flux of 2-4 x 1012 cm-2 s-1. After adequate decay time, the gamma ray measurements of samples and standards were carried out using an HPGe detector. In order to validate the analytical results of Se, NIST 1577b Bovine Liver certified reference material was analyzed and the results presented good precision and accuracy. Results of Se concentration in livers of Great White Egret (2.5-10.0 mg kg-1 dry weight) were compared with literature data. Comparisons made between the Se concentrations obtained for different genders of herons by applying nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test, at the significance level of 0.05, indicated that the females present lower concentrations. This low Se concentration found for females indicate the possibility of Se transference to the eggs, what can affect the reproductive process. These findings suggest the necessity of a systematic Se monitoring in habitats of Great White Egret.
Intangibles, Markups, and the Measurement of Productivity Growth

In recent years, measured TFP growth in the US has declined. We argue that two forces contributed to this decline: the mismeasurement of intangible capital, and rising markups. Markups affect input shares, while intangibles omitted from measures of investment affect measured capital growth, each potentially generating downward bias in measured TFP growth. Most importantly, when both forces are simultaneously present, their effects reinforce each other and amplify the downward bias in measured TFP growth. Using input-output data, we estimate that this mechanism could account for one-third to two-thirds of the decline in measured TFP growth.