Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nitrification in the oligotrophic Atlantic Ocean

Abstract. The recycling of scarce nutrient resources in the sunlit open ocean is crucial to ecosystem function. Ammonium oxidation, the first stage of the nitrification process, directs ammonium derived from organic matter decomposition towards the regeneration nitrate, an important resource for photosynthetic primary producers. However, the technical challenge of making nitrification rate measurements in oligotrophic conditions combined with the remote nature of these marine systems means that data availability, and the understanding that provides, is limited. This study reports rate measurements of ammonium oxidation over a 13, 000 km transect within the photic zone of the Atlantic Ocean. These measurements, at relatively fine resolution (order 300 km), permit the examination of interactions with environmental conditions that may warrant explicit development and inclusion in model descriptions. At all locations we report measurable rates with significant variability between and within Atlantic provinces. This adds to evidence that nitrification is an important component of pelagic nitrogen cycling which modifies the inorganic nitrogen inventory of the sunlit ocean. Particular features of interest included a significant hemispheric difference in ammonium oxidation rate and elevated rates associated with mesoscale eddy features. Statistical analysis of potential links between ammonium oxidation rate and routinely measured ecosystem variables indicated significant correlative structure, explaining ~65 % of the data variability. Differences between sampling depths were of the same magnitude or greater than horizontally resolved differences along the transect length, identifying distinct biogeochemical niches between depth horizons. Principle component analysis demonstrated that the best overall match between ammonium oxidation rate and environmental variables involved a combination of chlorophyll-a concentration, the duration of the light phase and silicate concentration (which we argue to be a short-term tracer of physical instability). Results allude to an association between ammonium oxidation and potentially short-term product(s) of photosynthetic activity and subsequent degradation. Approximately 35 % of data variability was not explained, which may include descriptions of DOM pool dynamics.
Inpatient Facility Distribution and Primary Healthcare Centers Demand Based on Location-Quotient in Bali within 2015-2019 Period

The study of access to primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in the middle region of Indonesia, including Bali, is scarce. A study on primary healthcare access is worth undertaken in this region because it is usually given less attention regarding its fair distribution of healthcare facilities in relation to their population. This study aimed at determining geographical distribution and concentration of PHCs facility and demand in Bali Province. This study focused on the inpatient facility and demand of PHCs in relation to population. Data of PHCs’ inpatient facility and demand of each regency/city and population data were obtained from Bali Health Profile of 2015 to 2019. Location quotients (LQ) of inpatient facility and inpatient demand for each regency/ city were calculated to determine the spatial concentration of the two variables compared to the provincial average. Our study found that there was variation in facility and demand for inpatient care in PHCs in Bali. A low level of inpatient facility and demand was seen in Regency of Buleleng, Denpasar, and Gianyar, while a high level of facility and demand for inpatient facility was observed in Regency of Jembrana, Tabanan, Klungkung, and Karangasem. A unique finding was also noticed in Bangli Regency, where the inpatient facility of PHC was high, while the inpatient demand was low. This might indicate a need for evaluation of the inpatient facility of PHC in this Regency.
Prospective study on ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital

An ectopic pregnancy happens when a fertilized ovum implants outside the normal uterine cavity. It is the most common life-threatening condition that occurs during first trimester of pregnancy, it is highly endangers women life and her future fertility. Recurrent tubal pathology, unproductiveness, PID, smoking, previous early terminations, oral contraception’s, intrauterine contraceptive devices and prior surgeries have been involved with increasing incidence of ectopic gestation. Early identification reduces the incidence of tubal rupture and allows more conservative clinical prescriptions to be used. ABSTRACT
Potential Effects of Olive and Mango Leaves on Alloxan Induced Diabetes Complications in Rats

The present study aimed to investigate the potential effect of different concentrations, 2.5 and 5 % ,of olive and mango leaves powder (OLP & MLP) as well as their mixture on Alloxan-induced diabetes complications in rats. Forty-eight male albino rats, weighing 150±10 g, were used and divided into two main groups. The first group, 6 rats, was kept as a negative (-ve) control group fed on the basal diet, while the second one, 42 rats, was injected by alloxan to induce diabetes and divided into seven equal subgroups. The second group was still fed on the basal diet and kept as positive (+ve) control group and the rest six groups were fed on the basal diet containing 2.5 and 5% of olive and mango leaves powder as well as their mixture. Animals treatment with alloxan caused a significant increase (p≤0.05) in serum glucose concentration by the ratio of 156.22% compared to normal controls. Supplementation of the rats’ diet with 2.5. and 5% of the selected plant parts including OLP, MLP and their mixture (Mix) leads to decrease this value by the rate of -20.68, -30.13, -37.68, -42.18, -47.21 and 56.30%, respectively. The same action was recorded for liver (ALT, AST and ALP) and kidney (urea, uric acid and creatinine) in diabetic rats have been induced by different rates as a result the supplementation with the studied plant parts. All of these effects could be principally attributed to the strong antioxidant activities of these plant parts as the result of their high bioactive compounds content. These findings provide a basis for the use of OLP and MLP to attenuate the complications caused by type-2 diabetes.
High-wavenumber steady solutions of two-dimensional Rayleigh--B\'enard convection between stress-free boundaries

Recent investigations show that steady solutions share many features with turbulent Rayleigh--B\'enard convection (RBC) and form the state space skeleton of turbulent dynamics. Previous computations of steady roll solutions in two-dimensional (2D) RBC between no-slip boundaries reveal that for fixed Rayleigh number $Ra$ and Prandtl number $Pr$, the heat-flux-maximizing solution is always in the high-wavenumber regime. In this study, we explore the high-wavenumber steady convection roll solutions that bifurcate supercritically from the motionless conductive state for 2D RBC between stress-free boundaries. Our computations confirm the existence of a local heat-flux-maximizing solution in the high-wavenumber regime. To elucidate the asymptotic properties of this solution, we perform computations over eight orders of magnitude in the Rayleigh number, $10^{8} \le Ra \le 10^{16.5}$, and two orders of magnitude in the Prandtl number, $10^{-1} \leq Pr \leq 10^{3/2}$. The numerical results indicate that as $Ra\to\infty$, the local heat-flux-maximizing aspect ratio $\Gamma^*_{loc}\simeq Ra^{-1/4}$, the Nusselt number $Nu(\Gamma^*_{loc})\simeq Ra^{0.29}$, and the Reynolds number $Re(\Gamma^*_{loc})\simeq Pr^{-1}Ra^{2/5}$, with all prefactors depending on $Pr$. Moreover, the interior flow of the local $Nu$-maximizing solution can be well described by an analytical heat-exchanger solution, and the connection to the high-wavenumber asymptotic solution given by Blennerhassett&Bassom is discussed. With a fixed aspect ratio $0.06\le\Gamma\le\pi/5$ at $Pr=1$, however, our computations show that as $Ra$ increases, the steady rolls converge to the semi-analytical asymptotic solutions constructed by Chini&Cox, with scalings $Nu\sim Ra^{1/3}$ and $Re\sim Pr^{-1}Ra^{2/3}$. Finally, a phase diagram is delineated to gain a panorama of steady solutions in the high-Rayleigh-number-wavenumber plane.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Seed Yield and Its Components for Some Promising Genotypes of Faba Bean التباين الوراثي و التوريث في محصول البذور ومکوناته لبعض التراکيب الوراثية الواعدة من الفول البلدي

A field experiment designed in randomized complete block design with three replicates was used to evaluate nine promising faba bean lines in F6 with three cultivars: Giza 716, Giza 843 and Sakha 1 under natural infection of chocolate spot disease at the Agricultural Research Station farm in Etay Al-Baroud during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. Mean squares due genotypes were highly significant for all studied traits in both seasons as a clear evidence for the wide diversity between these genotypes in their pedigree and these genotypes will differ in their performances for all traits. Line 8, 9 and 3 had highly significant values for most of the traits. All genotypes showed a moderate resistance for chocolate spot except Giza843, Line2 and 4 in both seasons. The genetic variance was the large part in phenotypic variation compared to the environmental variation in all traits and this may be clear that the diversity in all genotypes performances were due the wide genetic diversity of all genotypes. Generally, plant height, 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant had high PCV, GCV and h2 values which indicated that this trait is controlled by genetic factor and higher chance to improve this trait through selection. Seed yield/plant, seed yield/plot and seed yield/fad significant negative associated with chocolate spot infection in both seasons. The phenotypic similarity matrix between all genotypes ranged from 12.20 to 118.66. the highest similarity values were showed between Line 8 and Line 6 followed by Giza 843 and Giza 716 and Line 7 and Line 2.
JES-06-2020-0312_proof 836..851

Purpose –This study explores the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and its following lockdown on daily stock returns in Vietnam, a fast-growing emerging market that successfully revived after the pandemic lockdown. Design/methodology/approach –This study uses panel-data regressionmodels to evaluate the influence of the daily increase in the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases during pre-lockdown and lockdown on daily stock returns of 723 listed firms in Vietnam from 30 January to 30 May 2020. Findings –The study confirms the adverse impact of the daily increasing number of COVID-19 cases on stock returns in Vietnam. The study also discloses that the Vietnam stock market before and during the nationwide lockdown performed in opposing ways. Though COVID-19 pre-lockdown had a significant, negative impact on Vietnam’s stock returns, the lockdown period had a significant, positive influence on stock performance of the entire market and the different business sectors in Vietnam. The financial sector was hardest hit on the Vietnam stock market during the COVID-19 outbreak. Research limitations/implications – The study indicates investors’ confidence and trust in the Vietnam government’s decisions to combat COVID-19 and favorable stocks prices were the main reasons that the Vietnam stock market rebounded during and after lockdown. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the impact of COVID-19 during the pre-lockdown and lockdown periods on stock performance in Vietnam, a rapidly developing economy that was successful in controlling the pandemic with a rejuvenated stock market after lockdown.
Impact of Weft Yarn Density and Core-yarn Fibre Composition on Tensile Properties, Abrasion Resistance and Air Permeability of Denim Fabrics

Characteristics and serviceability of denim fabrics have undergone major changes. Nowadays denim is commonly used for casual wear. Durability and comfort are important parameters for consumers when choosing a denim garment. Therefore, in this study, abrasion resistance, tear and tensile properties of core–spun yarns and air permeability of denim fabrics with different weft yarns per centimetre and fibre content were analysed. The test results showed that weft yarns per centimetre influences fabric air permeability negatively but abrasion resistance increases. Higher weft yarns per centimetre influences fabric air permeability negatively but abrasion resistance increases. Polyester, elastane, modal, viscose and Lycra T400 were used in the core of weft yarn to analyse the impact of those fibres on the durability and comfort properties. Elastane is used to add stretchability to the fabric, which provides comfort to the wearer. The higher the elastomeric fibre content in the fabric, the greater is its elasticity; however, the tensile properties of the woven fabric decrease. The tear strength of the fabric was increased by the presence of the polyester fibre in the core.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices about Smoking in a Group of Doctors in Bogotá, Colombia

Introduction: The smoking approach requires the understanding of practitioners' factors influencing clinical care of smokers. Objective: Identify behaviors, attitudes, and practices about smoking in a group of doctors in Bogotá, Colombia. Materials and methods: Descriptive crosssectional study using the World Survey on Smoking in Health Professions Students applied to doctors in training from a higher education institution and doctors graduated from a health service provider institution. Results: It was applied to 200 subjects, with 80% participation. 72.5% were women; 68.1% were graduated doctors and 31.9% were doctors in training. A higher level of knowledge about the approach to smoking was found in physicians in training compared to graduate physicians (96.1% versus 70.6%; p <0.01). Cessation training was greater in physicians in training (82.4% versus 55.0%; p = 0.001). The perception of physicians as role models for their patients was higher in graduate physicians (78.9% versus 62.7%; p = 0.04). Prevalence of tobacco and electronic cigarette use were higher in physicians in training. Conclusions: Inquiring about knowledge, attitudes and practices in physicians broadens the understanding of their role in the control and approach of smoking. It is important to review the curricular content and reinforce continuing education on smoking.
Sarcopenia and overweight in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the categories of body mass index (BMI) in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) assisted by a teaching hospital in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis with patients selected by convenience, which included socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, anthropometric and sarcopenia data. The anthropometric evaluation included BMI, body circumferences, skin folds, bioimpedance analysis and fat percentage. Sarcopenia was assessed according to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in the Elderly-EWGSOP (2019), which includes a SARC-F screening protocol, muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance. Pearson’s chi-square test was distributed, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Results: 62.8% of the women presented overweight, followed by 32.5% with normal weight and 4.6% with malnutrition. Sarcopenia was not detected in our sample. However, the SARC-F screening identified 17.5% possible cases of sarcopenia, while 21.4% of the patients had probable sarcopenia according to the criteria of low handgrip strength (HGS). Still, a portion of the sample showed reduction in physical performance, with no statistical differences according to the BMI categories. Also, 66.6% of women with probable sarcopenia and all those screened by SARC-F for sarcopenia, presented overweight. Conclusion: The reduced muscle strength, performance and the high weight are an alert do decrease in muscle functionality, making clear the need for early care of this population as well as adaptations of the sarcopenia assessment instrument for SLE.
Influence of sugars on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis

Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Gagarin av. , 8, Dnipro, 49005, Ukraine. Tel. +38-050-211-25-20. E-mail: microb.sidashenko @gmail.com Vashchenko, A. O. , Voronkova, Y. S. , Kulyk, E. E. , Snisar, O. S. , Sidashenko, O. I. , & Voronkova, O. S. (2021). Influence of sugars on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 12(2), 321–325. doi:10.15421/022143
Traditional Chinese Formula Xiaoyaosan Alleviates Depressive-Like Behavior in CUMS Mice by Regulating PEBP1-GPX4-Mediated Ferroptosis in the Hippocampus

Background: At present, the pathogenesis of depression is not fully understood, and nearly half of depression patients experience no obvious effects during treatment. This study aimed to establish a depression mouse model to explore the possible role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of depression, and observe the effects of Xiaoyaosan on PEBP1-GPX4-mediated ferroptosis in the hippocampus. Methods: Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group, CUMS group, Xiaoyaosan group and fluoxetine group, and the model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for a successive 6 weeks. The medication procedure was performed from the 4th to the 6th week of modeling. The behavioral evaluations were measured to evaluate depressive-like behaviors. The expressions of GPX4, FTH1, ACSL4 and COX2 were detected as ferroptosis-related indicators. Then, the total iron and ferrous content in the hippocampus were measured. The levels of PEBP1 and ERK1/2 were observed, and the expressions of GFAP and IBA1 were also detected to measure the functions of astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampus. Results: Eight herbs of Xiaoyaosan had 133 active ingredients which could regulate the 43 ferroptosis-related genes in depression. After 6 weeks of modeling, the data showed that mice in the CUMS group had obvious depressive-like behaviors, and medication with Xiaoyaosan or fluoxetine could significantly improve the behavioral changes. The expressions of GPX4, FTH1, ACSL4, COX2, PEBP1, ERK1/2, GFAP and IBA1 changed in the CUMS group mice, while the total iron and ferrous content also changed. Xiaoyaosan and fluoxetine had obvious curative effects that could significantly alleviate the above changes in the hippocampus. Conclusion: Our results revealed that the activation of ferroptosis might exist in the hippocampi of CUMS-induced mice. The PEBP1-GPX4-mediated ferroptosis could be involved in the antidepressant mechanism of Xiaoyaosan. It also implied that ferroptosis could become a new target for research into the depression mechanism and antidepressant drugs.
Finding and Eliminating Timing Side-Channels in Crypto Code with Pitchfork

We present Pitchfork, a symbolic analysis tool which veriﬁes that code is constant-time and does not leak secret values. Writing constant-time code is the de-facto defense against timing side-channel attacks, used today by many major cryptographic libraries. Unfortunately, writing constant-time code is notoriously difﬁcult. Even experts have repeatedly written buggy code and overlooked critical vulnerabilities in widely used cryptographic libraries. To address these issues, Pitch-fork veriﬁes that code is constant-time. In particular, we used Pitchfork to verify that a large portion of Mozilla’s NSS cryptographic library is constant-time, while also ﬁnding several constant-time vulnerabilities, including a critical vulnerability which was assigned CVE-2019-11745.
Biochemical, histopathological, and genetic impacts of River Nile pollutants on Tilapia nilotica

All over the world, freshwater resources such as rivers are polluted with a variety of solid and liquid wastes. In Egypt, the River Nile has become polluted due to the discharge of untreated waste, dumping of industrial effluents, and run-offs from agricultural fields, making it a model for a polluted ecosystem to assess biomarker responses in fish (Osman 2012; Hashem et al., 2020a). The River Nile is Egypt's most important source of water. It bifurcates at a distance of 25 km (north of Cairo) into the Rosetta and Damietta branches forming a delta (Abdel-Satar et al., 2017). Rosetta ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: April 17, 2021 Accepted: June 2, 2021 Online: June 30, 2021 _______________
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF AGE ON FIRM’S INTERNAL DETERMINANTS OF TRADE CREDIT OF LISTED FIRMS IN KENYA

Purpose: Trade credit is one of the main sources of funding for global companies. The importance of trade credit can also be seen from the proportion of investment that is financed through it. Despite the potential importance of trade credit, limited attention has been paid to its role and use, especially in developing countries. The main aim of the study was to establish the determinants of trade credit and moderating role of the age of the firms listed in Nairobi securities exchange. Methodology: The study adopted an explanatory research design which was guided by both the transaction cost and the credit substitution theories. The study was based in firms listed on the Nairobi securities exchange for the period 2012 to 2013 and used document analysis to collect secondary data from the company’s annual report. Data were analysed through the use of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods. Results: The study findings indicated that debt levels (β1 = 0.5422, ρ<0.05), liquidity (β3 = 0.0275, p < 0.05) and inventory (β4 = -0.0399, p < 0.05) have a significant effect on firm trade credit with an explanatory power of 56% (R2 = 0.5695, p< 0.05), while collateral (β2= -0.1363, ρ > 0.05) have an insignificant effect. On the other hand, firm age has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between determinants and trade credit. In particular, firm’s age has significant interaction effect on debt level (β6 = -2.3609, p < 0.05), the interaction effects on liquidity (β8 = -2.4649, p < 0.05). Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Theory: Firms need to establish a welldefined trade-credit granting criteria to assess the creditworthiness of the buyers to avoid default risk or late payment by buyers. Firms should be cautious while pledging an asset as collateral since the bank has exclusive access to pertinent information. Also, firms should hold liquid assets to meet their financial obligations. There is also a need for firms to transform the raw material supplied into finished goods so that suppliers’ advantage in repossessing and selling supplied goods is reduced. The study also contributes to credit substitution theory by indicating the possibility of using internal equity or external debt financing that cannot be undervalued in the market.