Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy evidence of strong spin-phonon coupling in epitaxial thin films of the double perovskite La2NiMnO6

The Raman spectra of epitaxial thin films of La2NiMnO6 on (001)-oriented LaAlO3 substrates have been measured in several exact scattering configurations between 12 and 773K. The evolution of the spectra with increasing temperature is consistent with a transition from the monoclinic P121∕n1 to rhombohedral R3¯ structure. The spin-phonon coupling results in significant softening of the phonon mode involving stretching vibrations of the (Ni∕Mn)O6 octahedra. The anomalous softening extends above TC=275K, indicating the presence of short range ordering up to 400K.The Raman spectra of epitaxial thin films of La2NiMnO6 on (001)-oriented LaAlO3 substrates have been measured in several exact scattering configurations between 12 and 773K. The evolution of the spectra with increasing temperature is consistent with a transition from the monoclinic P121∕n1 to rhombohedral R3¯ structure. The spin-phonon coupling results in significant softening of the phonon mode involving stretching vibrations of the (Ni∕Mn)O6 octahedra. The anomalous softening extends above TC=275K, indicating the presence of short range ordering up to 400K.
HETEROGENEITY, EXCESS ZEROS, AND THE STRUCTURE OF COUNT DATA MODELS

This paper demonstrates that the unobserved heterogeneity commonly assumed to be the source of overdispersion in count data models has predictable implications for the probability structure of such mixture models. In particular, the common observation of excess zeros is a strict implication of unobserved heterogeneity. This result has important implications for using count model estimates for predicting certain interesting parameters. Test statistics do detect such heterogeneity-related departures from the null model are proposed and applied in a health-care utilization example, suggesting that a null Poisson model should be rejected in favour of a mixed alternative.
Radiative Equilibrium Model of 51 Peg B

Abstract We present a radiative equilibrium model for extrasolar giant planets applied to 51 Peg b. The atmospheric model extends from 10−5 to ∼10 bar and is limited at the bottom by an optically thick cloud of silicate (Mg2SiO4 or MgSiO3) or iron (Fe) particles. Rayleigh scattering at short wavelengths and absorption by the H2–H2 and H2–He continuum and molecular bands of H2O, CO, and CH4 are included. Atmospheric heating and cooling result, respectively, from absorption of stellar flux and from infrared thermal emission. The solution temperature profiles do not show any temperature inversion, in contrast with the giant planets of the solar system. The lapse rate is subadiabatic at all levels above the cloudtop, justifying the use of radiative equilibrium. We find that, under thermochemical equilibrium, CO dominates over CH4 at all levels. The effective temperature is in the range 1150–1270 K and the Bond albedo in the range 0.15–0.42, depending on the location and reflectivity of the lower cloud deck. Mg2SiO4 or Fe clouds are weakly reflective in contrast to a MgSiO3 cloud. The thermal emission spectrum prevails over the stellar reflected component below 13,000–15,000 cm−1 (λ>0.7 μm); it shows various windows, between the H2O and CO bands, with the brightest centered at 2550 cm−1 (3.9 μm). The most prominent CO and CH4 bands occur around 2100 (4.7 μm) and 3030 cm−1 (3.3 μm. Assuming a jovian abundance for PH3, the bands around 2300 (4.3 μm) and 2450 cm−1 (4.1 μm) are clearly visible in absorption at a resolving power of ∼100. We investigated the detectability of the minor species CO and CH4 at a resolution of 4000–6000, adequate to separate the planet's absorption features from their stellar and telluric counterparts. Considering photon noise from the star as the only noise source, we find that S/N ratios of about 8 are reached on the molecular features in the 4.7- and 3.3-μm regions after ∼10 h of integration on an 8-m telescope. On the other hand, the planet-to-star contrast is as low as (2–4)×10−4.
Estimation of X-Band Polarimetric Radar Attenuation and Measurement Uncertainty Using a Variational Method

AbstractA variational algorithm for estimating measurement error covariance and the attenuation of X-band polarimetric radar measurements is described. It concurrently uses both the differential reflectivity ZDR and propagation phase ΦDP. The majority of the current attenuation estimation techniques use only ΦDP. A few of the ΦDP-based methods use ZDR as a constraint for verifying estimated attenuation. In this paper, a detailed observing system simulation experiment was used for evaluating the performance of the variational algorithm. The results were compared with a single-coefficient ΦDP-based method. Retrieved attenuation from the variational method is more accurate than the results from a single coefficient ΦDP-based method. Moreover, the variational method is less sensitive to measurement noise in radar observations. The variational method requires an accurate description of error covariance matrices. Relative weights between measurements and background values (i.e., mean value based on long-term DS.
ANTIPROTON-PROTON INELASTIC INTERACTIONS AT 1.61 Bev/c AND THEIR USE FOR A TEST OF CHARGE-CONJUGATION INVARIANCE IN STRONG INTERACTIONS

The reactions p-bar + p-p-bar+ pi /sup 0/, p-bar + n + pi /sup +/, and p + n-bar + protons of 1.61 Bev/c. The cross sections are measured and found to be 1.6 plus or minus 0.3 mb, 1.15 plus or minus 0.3 mb, and 0.96 plus or minus 0.22 mb, respectively. The combined inelastic (nonannihilation) cross section is estimated to be 5.3 mb, and the annihilation cross section 51 plus or minus 3 mb. The angular and energy distributions are presented. In all cases the antinucleons are peaked forward and the nucleons backward in the center-of-mass system. These events can be used to check charge- conjugation invariance in strong interactions. (auth)
BRITTLE FRACTURE IN PLANE ELEMENTS WITH SHARP NOTCHES UNDER MIXED-MoDE LOADING

Plane structural elements with sharp wedge-shaped notches are considered and the conditions for crack initiation are discussed. The use of the Griffith energy condition would require the assumption of pre-existence of a plane crack emanating from the notch vertex at specified direction. To avoid this assumption, a nonlocal crack initiation and propagation condition proposed by Seweryn and Mroz is applied to study crack initiation. This condition is expressed in terms of normal and tangential traction components acting on a physical plane segment of specified dimension. Mixed-mode conditions are considered for which both critical load value and crack orientation are predicted. The generalized stress intensity factors at the notch tip are determined by applying finite elements accounting for stress singularity. A special device was constructed in order to generate mixed-mode loading conditions in a tensile machine. The experimental program was executed in order to verify predictions of critical load variati.
Defect annealing in neutron and ion damaged silicon: Influence of defect clusters and doping

We have explored defect annealing in radiation damaged silicon in a regime characterized by defect clusters and higher doping. Several types of pnp and npn Si bipolar transistors have been irradiated with ions and neutrons, then isochronally annealed from 300 to 600 K to study the evolution of deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) defect signatures. Variations in these data with radiation environment, Fermi level, annealing temperature, and doping density have been used to separate the contributions of three dominant defects to the DLTS defect spectra. We find that the normal Si divacancy and a divacancylike defect with similar properties make similar contributions to a DLTS peak normally associated with transitions from the single minus charge state of the divacancy. However the latter defect is clearly associated with the presence of defect clusters. The vacancy-donor center can also contribute to this high temperature DLTS signature, and its relative importance can be quantitatively assessed by vary.
Atmospheric absorption of sound: Update

Best current expressions for the vibrational relaxation times of oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere are used to compute total absorption. The resulting graphs of total absorption as a function of frequency for different humidities should be used in lieu of the graph published earlier by Evans et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 51, 1565–1575 (1972)].
Lateral force on a rigid sphere in large-inertia laminar pipe flow

We present a prediction of the lateral force exerted on a rigid neutrally buoyant sphere in circular cross-section Poiseuille flow. The force is calculated with the method of matched asymptotic expansions. We investigate the influence of the pipe Reynolds number in the range 1–2000 on the equilibrium position and the magnitude of the lateral force. We show that the predicted lift force in a circular geometry is qualitatively similar to, but quantitatively different from, that in a plane channel. The predicted force in the pipe is significantly smaller than the channel result, and the zero of the force which determines the equilibrium radial position of a suspended particle lies closer to the centreline in the pipe.
Interstellar absorptions and shocked clouds towards the supernova remnant RX J0852.0–4622

We present the results from a survey of interstellar absorptions towards the supernova remnant (SNR) RX J0852.0–4622. The distribution of K i absorbers along the distance of the background stars is indicative of a local region (d 100 km s−1 towards three stars and we identify these with shocked clouds of the Vela SNR. We reveal and measure the acceleration of two shocked clouds on the approaching and receding sides of the Vela SNR along the same line of sight. The acceleration, velocity and Ca ii column density of the clouds are used to probe their parameters. The total hydrogen column density of both accelerating clouds is found to be similar (∼6 × 1017 cm−2), which indicates that there is possibly a significant number of small-sized clouds in the vicinity of the Vela SNR.
A note on reparameterizing a vector autoregressive moving average model to enforce stationarity

We use the orrespondence between the partial autocorrelation matrices and the parameter matrices of a vector autoregression to obtain a new parameterization of a vector ARMA model that enforces the stationarity condition. We show how to go efficiently from the new parameterization ohe usual one. Thus the likelihood of observations from an ARMA model can easily be obtained using the new parameterization. In addition, for vector autoregressive models and scalar ARMA models, the new parameterization permits fast computation of the autocovariances of the model.
Major Ion Concentration Analysis and Evaluation of Malaysian-Sourced Groundwater for Drinking Water

Groundwater makes up almost 99 % of available freshwater sources on Earth. However, Malaysia’s freshwater supply comprises less than 10 % of groundwater. As the water shortage crisis becomes more severe, attention has shifted towards utilizing groundwater. However, due to progressing urbanization and the increase in population, the treatment of groundwater is necessary to ensure safe consumption. This research focuses on the hydrochemistry of groundwater samples collected from 3 different sites located in Johor, Malaysia. The main objective of this study is to establish the quality of groundwater in terms of its physicochemical properties to determine its viability to be used as drinking water. The important physical properties of groundwater such as pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and ion concentration analysis were conducted in the lab. The chemical composition of the groundwater was determined where major cations (Ca 2+ , K + , Mg 2+ , Na + ) and anions (HCO 3- , F - , NO 3- , SO 42- , Cl - ) concentrations are present in the groundwater together with several trace elements (Si, Al, As). The results of ion concentration analysis obtained for the groundwater samples were compared with the guidelines set by the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) for drinking water quality to check whether it adheres to the standard values or not since excess of any mineral ions can cause severe health implications. The analysis data indicated that Ca 2+ is the major cation present in all the samples at the highest concentration while HCO 3- is the dominant anion that exists at an abundant concentration in all the groundwater samples. According to the analysis results obtained, it can be deduced that the groundwater samples from all three locations can be classified into the bicarbonate-calcium-rich type of water category. The groundwater samples also adhere to the quality limit set by MOH for the major ions’ concentration, establishing the potential of groundwater for consumption purposes and household needs as well.
Validation and Normalization of DCS corpus and Development of the Sanskrit Heritage Engine’s Segmenter

The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit records around 650,000 sentences along with their morphological and lexical tagging. But inconsistencies in morphological analysis, and in providing crucial information like the segmented word, urges the need for standardization and validation of this corpus. Automating the validation process requires eﬀicient analyzers which also provide the missing information. The Sanskrit Heritage Engine’s Reader produces all possible segmentations with morphological and lexical analyses. Aligning these systems would help us in recording the linguistic differences, which can be used to update these systems to produce standardized results and will also provide a Gold corpus tagged with complete morphological and lexical information along with the segmented words. Krishna et al. (2017) aligned 119,000 sentences, considering some of the linguistic differences. As both these systems have evolved significantly, the alignment is done again considering all the remaining linguistic differences between these systems. This paper describes the modified alignment process in detail and records the additional linguistic differences observed. It also proposes a modification to the existing Heritage segmenter where an additional ranking algorithm is introduced to rank solutions based on joint probabilities calculated from statistical data generated from the results of the alignment process. And finally, the datasets generated during this process are also released publicly. 1
Factors affecting length of hospital stay in stroke survivors in South Africa: A call for a stroke unit

Background Stroke in Africa is a growing and neglected crisis with the incidence more than doubling in low- to middle-income countries in the last four decades. Despite this growing threat, implementation of stroke models of care in hospitals is lacking. Stroke units as a model of care have been shown to decrease mortality, reduce length of hospital stay (LOS) and improve outcomes in stroke survivors. Objectives To determine the profile of stroke survivors and identify factors contributing to LOS at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) in South Africa to support stroke unit implementation. Method This study involved a retrospective record review of stroke survivors admitted to CHBAH between September 2018 and May 2019. Factors associated with LOS were determined using linear regression models; univariate and multiple regression models were fitted. Results A total of 567 participants’ data were included. Overall, 51.85% of the participants required services from all rehabilitation disciplines. The median LOS was 9 days (interquartile ranges [IQR]: 5–11 days) with each discipline providing an average of six sessions. Participants who were referred to the rehabilitation team 3 days after admission to hospital stayed 6 days longer compared with those participants who were referred earlier (p < 0.001). Conclusion Delayed referral to the rehabilitation team resulted in increased LOS. This study supports the need for dedicated stroke units to decrease hospital LOS and improve patients’ outcomes by ensuring early, well-coordinated rehabilitation intervention and discharge planning. Contribution The study highlights the urgency for re-evaluation of stroke care infrastructure within Gauteng to streamline and provide accessible stroke models of care.
The Hardy Inequality and the Asymptotic Behaviour of the Heat Equation with an Inverse-Square Potential

We study the well-posedness and describe the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the heat equation with inverse-square potentials for the Cauchy–Dirichlet problem in a bounded domain and also for the Cauchy problem in RN. In the case of the bounded domain we use an improved form of the so-called Hardy–Poincare inequality and prove the exponential stabilization towards a solution in separated variables. In RN we first establish a new weighted version of the Hardy–Poincare inequality, and then show the stabilization towards a radially symmetric solution in self-similar variables with a polynomial decay rate. This work complements and explains well-known work by Baras and Goldstein on the existence of global solutions and blow-up for these equations. In the present article the sign restriction on the data and solutions is removed, the functional framework for well-posedness is described, and the asymptotic rates calculated. Examples of non-uniqueness are also given.
A 1.7-6.4 GHz fourth-order RF filter with 1-40% fractional bandwidth in 22-nm FDSOI

The rise of 5G technology leads to a boom in the demand for widely available wireless connectivity while requiring telecommunication networks to improve spectral efficiency and deploy dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) and carrier aggregation (CA). This imposes more stringent intermodulation test scenarios and blocking requirements on RF transceivers. In addition, they are required to be programmable for various bandwidth and gain configurations over a broad frequency range.
Resistance Exercise Training Increases Muscle Mass and Strength in Prostate Cancer Patients on Androgen Deprivation Therapy

ABSTRACT Purpose This study aimed to assess the effects of 20 wk resistance exercise training with or without protein supplementation on body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and aerobic capacity in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Methods Sixty prostate cancer patients receiving ADT were randomly assigned to perform 20 wk of resistance exercise training with supplementation of 31 g whey protein (EX + PRO, n = 30) or placebo (EX + PLA, n = 30), consumed immediately after exercise and every night before sleep. A separate control group (CON, n = 36) only received usual care. At baseline and after 20 wk, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), muscle mass (computed tomography scan), muscle strength (1-repetition maximum strength tests), physical performance (Timed Up and Go Test, 30-Second Chair Stand Test, and Stair Climb Test), aerobic capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test), and habitual dietary intake (food diary) were assessed. Data were analyzed using a two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA. Results Over time, muscle mass and strength increased in EX + PRO and EX + PLA and decreased in CON. Total fat mass and fat percentage increased in EX + PRO and CON, but not in EX + PLA. Physical performance did not significantly change over time in either group. Aerobic capacity was maintained in EX + PLA, but it decreased in EX + PRO and CON. Habitual protein intake (without supplements) averaged >1.0 g·kg body weight−1·d−1, with no differences over time or between groups. Conclusions In prostate cancer patients, resistance exercise training counteracts the adverse effects of ADT on body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity, with no additional benefits of protein supplementation.
Relationship between Perceived Severity and Compliance with COVID-19 Preventive Behavior among Pregnant Women

Several risk groups, one of which is pregnant women are susceptible COVID-19. Pregnancy is known as a susceptible condition to COVID-19 infection because it could cause immunity decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to comply with COVID-19 preventive behavior. This study aims to analyze the relationship between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived obstacle, perceived benefit and self-efficacy with COVID-19 preventive behavior among pregnant women in the work area of Sempaja Community Health Center. This was an observational study with cross sectional design. Samples were selected using purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria of pregnant women who lived and registered in the determined work area and had gestational age of more than 12 weeks. There were 194 pregnant women involved as the study samples. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank Test. The bivariate analysis revealed that there was relationship between self-efficacy (p value of 0.000), perceived barrier (p value of 0.025), perceived benefit (p value of 0.000), and perceived severity (p value of 0.000) with compliance with COVID-19 preventive behavior. However, there was no relationship between perceived susceptibility and compliance with COVID-19 preventive behavior (p value of 0.287). It can be concluded that the better perception of pregnant women, the better compliance with COVID-19 preventive behavior. It is recommended to increase health promotion in order to keep compliance with COVID-19 preventive behavior.
D4Z4 Methylation Levels Combined with a Machine Learning Pipeline Highlight Single CpG Sites as Discriminating Biomarkers for FSHD Patients

The study describes a protocol for methylation analysis integrated with Machine Learning (ML) algorithms developed to classify Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD) subjects. The DNA methylation levels of two D4Z4 regions (DR1 and DUX4-PAS) were assessed by an in-house protocol based on bisulfite sequencing and capillary electrophoresis, followed by statistical and ML analyses. The study involved two independent cohorts, namely a training group of 133 patients with clinical signs of FSHD and 150 healthy controls (CTRL) and a testing set of 27 FSHD patients and 25 CTRL. As expected, FSHD patients showed significantly reduced methylation levels compared to CTRL. We utilized single CpG sites to develop a ML pipeline able to discriminate FSHD subjects. The model identified four CpGs sites as the most relevant for the discrimination of FSHD subjects and showed high metrics values (accuracy: 0.94, sensitivity: 0.93, specificity: 0.96). Two additional models were developed to differentiate patients with lower D4Z4 size and patients who might carry pathogenic variants in FSHD genes, respectively. Overall, the present model enables an accurate classification of FSHD patients, providing additional evidence for DNA methylation as a powerful disease biomarker that could be employed for prioritizing subjects to be tested for FSHD.