Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DDDT_A_327193 4383..4402

1Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October, Giza, 12566, Egypt; 2Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Purpose: This study aimed to formulate an orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) containing both baclofen and meloxicam together for treating osteoarthritis. Methods: Direct compression method was used to prepare ODTs using three types of coprocessed excipients (Prosolv ODT G2, F-melt, and Pharmaburst500). ODTs were evaluated according to weight variation, thickness, friability, hardness, drug content, wetting time, in-vitro disintegration time, in-vitro dissolution test, and palatability. To enhance the in-vitro dissolution of meloxicam and palatability of ODT, a six sigma methodology was used, and an improvement phase was established where ODTs were prepared using lyophilization and levigation techniques. Finally, a pharmacokinetic study of the improved ODT was accomplished in comparison to the conventional oral tablet. Results: Pharmaburst-based formula (F4) showed the shortest wetting time and, consequently, the shortest disintegration time and the highest percentage of drug dissolved within 3 min compared to the other formulae. All the improved ODTs had a bitterness taste score vary from (0) palatable and (+1) tasteless. The current sigma level was 3.628 σ and 3.33 σ for palatability and solubility of ODT, respectively, which indicated the process was successfully improved compared with the previous sigma level of 2.342 σ of both processes. Pharmacokinetic study of the improved ODTs showed a significant decrease of Tmax to 120 and 30 min instead of 180 and 120 min for meloxicam and baclofen, respectively. Conclusion: ODTs were successfully improved using the six sigma methodology, the pharmacokinetic parameters of both drugs were enhanced due to rapid absorption through the oral mucosa.
CMAR_A_304591 4013..4029

Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510080, People’s Republic of China Purpose: Outcomes after the treatment for unresectable or advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unsatisfied. We evaluated the therapeutic benefits of a combination therapy strategy for these patients through transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus sorafenib. Patients and Methods: In total, 85 patients with HCC classified as intermediate and advanced stage from June 2012 to November 2017 were retrospectively investigated. We divided patients into the monotherapy (n=43; TACE alone) and combined therapy (n=42; TACE plus sorafenib) groups. Results: Compared with the TACE alone group, the TACE plus sorafenib experienced significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) (mean 21 months vs 12 months; P = 0.0005) and overall survival (OS) (mean 32 months vs 21 months; P = 0.0157). The disease control rate (DCR) of TACE plus sorafenib group was 80.95%, which was significantly increased than the TACE alone group (55.81%) (P<0.05), as well as objective response rate (ORR) (23.81% vs 16.28%). Besides, the rates of liver-related AEs and liver failure in the TACE plus sorafenib group were not increased in contrast to TACE alone group, and there were no new safety concerns. To sum up, the superiority of combination therapy with significantly prolonging progression-free and overall survival was observed, meanwhile finding a significant increase in tumor response rate and manageable safety in the combined therapy in contrast to the monotherapy group. Conclusion: Based on unTACEble progression, the superiority of the combination therapy is that TACE plus sorafenib has been bringing about significantly better outcomes compared with TACE alone for HCC patients.
CtZ78-02 (02) Lee et al.indd

The nocturnal distribution and resource use by Ryukyu flying foxes was studied along 28 transects, covering five types of habitats, on Iriomote Island, Japan, from early June to late September, 2005. Bats were mostly encountered solitarily (66.8%) or in pairs (16.8%), with a mean linear density of 2.5 ± 0.6 bats/km of transect/night. Across the island, however, bat densities were distributed non-randomly among transect-nights, not correlated with transect length, and showed a slightly clumped distribution (variance/mean = 3.3). Outskirt trails contributed higher values to the relative importance of bat abundance, but the highest mean abundances occurred mostly at village sites on the west coast, which on average devoted only a quarter of their land area to agriculture/husbandry compared to those on the east coast. This supports our prediction that higher bat abundances are found in areas with less anthropogenic interference and more forest. Among habitats, the mean total abundance and density were lower in cultivated areas than in villages and inland forests. Bat perches in cultivated areas were also lower, and were in correspondence with lower shrub and canopy heights, and less canopy coverage. Flying fox abundance was correlated moderately with the heterogeneity of the tree composition, and strongly with the density of major fruiting trees. Thirty-nine species of plants and some animal items were used by Ryukyu flying foxes, including at least 31 species of fruits, 13 species of flowers, and leaves of seven species, with 14 species new to the record. Ficus septica and F. variegata were the most frequently encountered and dominant items in both fecal and rejecta/dropped samples, followed mostly by other figs and mulberries in the former, but by larger-seed nonMoraceae plants in dropped samples. Our results suggest that for conservation of flying foxes undisturbed forests providing an adequate resource basis are of major importance.
Coping Strategies among Caregivers of Chronic Schizophrenia

Families caring for a member with a chronic severe mental illness have to cope with a lot of burden and distress. The concept of coping is generally defined as the cognitive and behavioral effort the individual makes in order to master, tolerate or reduce demands that tax or exceed their resources. The current study was undertaken to assess the coping strategies among caregivers of chronic schizophrenia patients. Quantitative descriptive approach was used for the study. The population under study was patients having chronic schizophrenia and their family care givers. 177 caregivers of chronic schizophrenia were included in the study by consecutive sampling. Results revealed that caregivers adopted more of religious coping and social support as coping strategies. Female caregivers adopted religious coping and social support coping strategies compared to that of males.
Fertility Decisions in Transition: Young Adults’ Views on Fertility Three Decades Apart in Spain

The aim of this study is to analyze the generational change in the reasoning regarding fertility decisions between young Spanish adults in the mid-1980s and young Spanish adults in the early 2010s and to test the extent to which the theoretical perspectives on fertility are represented in the reasoning of individuals. For almost thirty years, Spain has had low fertility levels that contrast with the persistent ideal family size of two children. However, the literature has barely explored individuals’ reasoning for fertility decision-making over time. This paper seizes the unique opportunity to analyze 97 in-depth personal interviews of highly educated young adults in urban Spain from two independent studies conducted in 1985 and 2012. The results indicate that although the value change associated with the second demographic transition remains over time, the changes in age norms and partnership formation norms underlie the main differences between the two generations. Economic uncertainty and the lack of support for work-life balance stand out as persistent structural factors that influence the fertility decisions in both samples. In addition, the respondents’ narratives confirm that the transition of gender-role norms towards greater egalitarianism remains unfinished. By placing value on the reasoning of individuals, this study contributes to understanding how the macrolevel theoretical framework that explains fertility evolved over time and adapts to the microlevel of analysis.
Surface Faulting Caused by the 2016 Central Italy Seismic Sequence: Field Mapping and LiDAR/UAV Imaging

The three mainshock events (M6.1 24 August, M5.9 26 October, and M6.5 30 October 2016) in the Central Italy earthquake sequence produced surface ruptures on known segments of the Mt. Vettore–Mt. Bove normal fault system. As a result, teams from Italian national research institutions and universities, working collaboratively with the U.S. Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance Association (GEER), were mobilized to collect perishable data. Our reconnaissance approach included field mapping and advanced imaging techniques, both directed towards documenting the location and extent of surface rupture on the main fault exposure and secondary features. Mapping activity occurred after each mainshock (with different levels of detail at different times), which provides data on the progression of locations and amounts of slip between events. Along the full length of the Mt. Vettore–Mt. Bove fault system, vertical offsets ranged from 0–35 cm and 70–200 cm for the 24 August and 30 October events, respectively. Comparisons between observed surface rupture displacements and available empirical models show that the three events fit within expected ranges.
Mice Differences between Men and -- Potential Developmental d g Expression, and b TCRTCR Gene Rearrangements, Intracellular Thymocyte Development: d g and b a Human

To evaluate the role of the TCR in the (cid:1)(cid:2) / (cid:3)(cid:4) lineage choice during human thymocyte development, molecular analyses of the TCR (cid:2) locus in (cid:3)(cid:4) cells and the TCR (cid:3) and (cid:4) loci in (cid:1)(cid:2) cells were undertaken. TCR (cid:2) variable gene segments remained largely in germline conﬁguration in (cid:3)(cid:4) cells, indicating that commitment to the (cid:3)(cid:4) lineage occurred before complete TCR (cid:2) rearrangements in most cases. The few TCR (cid:2) rearrangements detected were primarily out-of-frame, suggesting that productive TCR (cid:2) rearrangements diverted cells away from the (cid:3)(cid:4) lineage. In contrast, in (cid:1)(cid:2) cells, the TCR (cid:3) locus was almost completely rearranged with a random productivity proﬁle; the TCR (cid:4) locus contained primarily nonproductive rearrangements. Productive (cid:3) rearrangements were, however, depleted compared with preselected cells. Productive TCR (cid:3) and (cid:4) rearrangements rarely occurred in the same cell, suggesting that (cid:1)(cid:2) cells developed from cells unable to produce a functional (cid:3)(cid:4) TCR. Intracellular TCR (cid:2) expression correlated with the up-regulation of CD4 and concomitant down-regulation of CD34, and plateaued at the early double positive stage. Surprisingly, however, some early double positive thymocytes retained (cid:3)(cid:4) potential in culture. We present a model for human thymopoiesis which includes (cid:3)(cid:4) development as a default pathway, an instructional role for the TCR in the (cid:1)(cid:2) / (cid:3)(cid:4) lineage choice, and a prolonged developmental window for (cid:2) selection and (cid:3)(cid:4) lineage commitment. Aspects that differ from the mouse are the status of TCR gene rearrangements at the nonexpressed loci, the timing of (cid:2) selection, and maintenance of (cid:3)(cid:4) potential through the early double positive stage of development. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 1543–1552.
CMAR_A_270258 10469..10477

*These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: To assess the efficacy of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) and investigate the pretreatment predictors of the response. Patients and Methods: A total of 219 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO 2009) stage IB2-IIA2 LACC who received platinumbased NACT from December 2007 to December 2017 were reviewed, and their clinicalpathological characteristics and follow-up data were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The baseline characteristics of age, FIGO stage, histology, tumor differentiation, tumor size, and clinical outcomes, including post-operative pathological risk factors, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between the responders and nonresponders. Results: The overall response rate was 58.9% (129/219), and 19 (8.7%) patients achieved pathologically complete remission. NACT responders showed significantly better OS and PFS than non-responders (POS= 0.002, PPFS= 0.002). The response to NACT was identified as an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.453, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI], 1.125–5.348, P = 0.024) and PFS (HR = 2.196, 95% CI, 1.183–4.076, P = 0.013), and patients with IB2/IIA1 and a tumor size of <5 cm tended to receive better response than patients with IIA2 (P = 0.004) and a tumor size of ≥5 cm (P = 0.027). Conclusion: The response rate of platinum-based NACT was approximately 60%. The response to NACT was an independent risk factor for prognosis, and patients with earlier stage and smaller tumor tended to respond better to NACT.
DMSO_A_299744 2753..2764

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Meg3 has been shown to attenuate T2DM bone autophagy by activating p62 to inhibit bone formation. However, whether exercise can reverse this process to promote T2DM bone formation and its mechanism remains unknown. Methods: A T2DM mouse model was established by a high-fat diet and STZ injection, and the mice were trained with 8-week HIIT and downhill running exercise. Micro-CT was used to scan the bone microstructure. Bone morphology was observed by HE staining, and the osteoblast (OB) activity in bones was observed by AKP staining. Calcium ion and phosphorus concentration in serum was detected by ELISA; RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA level, and Western blot was used to detect the protein level of related indexes in Meg3/p62/Runx2 pathway. Results: The inhibition of bone autophagy, in the bones of T2DM mice, resulted in the degradation of the bone tissue morphology and structure, with the increase of the expressions of Meg3, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, p62 and NF-κB. However, 8-week HIIT and downhill running could reverse this process, especially downhill running, manifested with the up-regulation of miR-16 mRNA level, along with Beclin-1, LC3 II and Runx2 mRNA and protein level. Conclusion: T2DM leads to pathology in model mice. Eight-week HIIT and downhill running exercise can inhibit Meg3, activate autophagy of osteoblasts and promote bone formation in T2DM mice.
Investment Efficiency: Evidence from Korea

This paper studies how analysts’ group affiliation affects firms’ labor investment efficiency. Using a 2001–2017 sample of Korean public companies, we find that labor investment efficiency increases when there are more unaffiliated analysts following business group (chaebol) firms. Our regression results also suggest that an increase in labor investment efficiency is attributed to a reduction in firms’ over-firing problem. However, affiliated analysts are not found to influence firms’ labor investment efficiency. We further document that the positive influence of unaffiliated analysts on labor investment efficiency holds when firms have high cash holdings. Our results are robust to different model specifications, including two-stage least square regression and firm-size matching.
Financial Frictions and Inflation Differentials in a Monetary Union

This paper employs a stylized New Keynesian DSGE model for a monetary union to analyze whether cyclical inflation differentials can be explained by cross-country differences concerning the characteristics of financial markets. Our results suggest that empirically plausible degrees of heterogeneity with respect to two important credit market characteristics namely the fraction of borrowers and to a lesser extent the loan-to-value ratio generate inflation differentials that are similar to those implied by structural differences with respect to price inertia and the degree of competitiveness. Hence, the characteristics of financial markets should be seen as a possible alternative explanation for the observable inflation dispersion in the EMU. JEL-Code: E32, E44, E52, F41, G10.
BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online affect allocative

We focus on disentailing the effect of labour market institutions and regulations on technical and allocative efficiency of banks. We opt for the Fraser index for labour regulation and its disaggregated sub-components, whilst follow a novel methodology to measure performance, based on the seminal work of Kumbhakar and Tsionas (2005), which allows the estimation of technical and allocative efficiency and the examination of the effect of labour market regulations in a single stage. Results indicate the existence of a positive relationship between the liberalization of EU labour markets and allocative efficiency, while the effect on technical efficiency appears to be negative, although not statistically significant. When looking at the disaggregated components of the labour index, we further confirm that different forces are at play. In particular, we find a negative relationship between allocative efficiency and the liberalization of price-related regulations, such as minimum wage and cost of dismissals regulations, while the relationship between technical efficiency and labour regulations that affect banks’ ability to adjust their labour input appears to be insignificant.
Application of overset mesh approach in the investigation of the Savonius wind turbines with rigid and deformable blades

Machines utilising renewable energy constantly undergo research aimed at raising their eﬃciency. One of them is a Savonius wind turbine, where scientists propose adjustments to improve its aerodynamic properties. At present, their assessment is usually performed by means of transient computational ﬂuid dynamics simulations with two- or three-dimensional models. In this paper, the overset (chimera) mesh approach was applied to investigate the performance of a Savonius wind turbine equipped with deformable blades. They were continuously deformed during rotation by a dedicated mechanism to increase a positive torque of the advancing blade, and meanwhile, decrease a negative torque of the returning blade. A quasi-two-dimensional model with a two-way ﬂuid-structure interaction method was applied, where the structural solver determined blade deﬂection caused by the predeﬁned deformation mechanism and aerodynamic loads, whereas the coupled computational ﬂuid dynamics solver determined the transient ﬂow. The deformable blades rotor performance was calculated and compared with a conventional rigid Savonius turbine, both simulated using the overset mesh approach. The average value of the power coeﬃcient achieved a 55% rise in the case of deformable blades turbine. Additionally, to validate the overset method, its results were compared with the classical sliding mesh method for a conventional rigid rotor.
A critical appraisal of intravenous ﬂ uids: from the physiological basis to clinical evidence

Fluid management has been a vital part of routine clinical care for more than 180 years. The increasing number of available ﬂ uids has generated controversy about the optimal choice of resuscitation ﬂ uid. In this review, we provide a critical overview of the different ﬂ uids available, their composition, the relevant physiology as well as the published evidence on clinical outcomes to guide their use. Commonly used infusion ﬂ uids include semisynthetic colloids and crystalloids; the latter com-prises both normal saline (NaCl 0.9%) and the more chloride-re-stricted ‘ balanced ’ crystalloids. Despite their signi ﬁ cantly greater intravascular persistence, semisynthetic colloids have an import-antly adverse safety pro ﬁ le and are associated with greater incidence of renal failure and increased mortality; their use should be restricted. To date, evidence for clinical bene ﬁ ts associated with albumin solutions is generally lacking; its merits in speci ﬁ c clinical situations are the subject of further investigation. Infusion of normal saline, with its supraphysiological chloride content, is associated with higher serum chloride concentrations and metabolic acidosis, as well as renal vasoconstriction in animal and human models. Infusion of ‘ balanced ’ crystalloids is not linked to such changes. Although data on clinical outcomes associated with crystalloid infusion are heterogeneous, advantages of balanced salt solutions might include a lower need of blood products, and lower incidence of renal replacement therapy, hyperkalaemia and postoperative infections. Taken to-gether, a critical appraisal of the data suggests that balanced salt solutions deserve consideration as infusates of ﬁ rst choice. ABSTRACT The management of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is dif ﬁ cult. The availability of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) has increased treatment options for previously transfusion-requiring patients, but the recent evidence of ESA side effects has prompted the search for comple-mentary or alternative approaches. Next to ESA, parenteral iron supplementation is the second main form of anemia treatment. However, as of now, no systematic approach has been