Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Equivalence of Monoglyde® and Monocryl® Absorbable Poliglecaprone-25 Sutures: A Single-Blind, Randomized Study

Objectives: Poliglecaprone-25 is a synthetic monofilament suture commonly used for post-cesarean subcuticular skin closure. The present study was designed to assess the effect of subcuticular skin closure using Monoglyde® vs. Monocryl® poliglecaprone-25 absorbable sutures on the risk of wound composite outcomes in the first 30 days post-partum [surgical site infection (SSI), wound dehiscence, hematoma or seroma]. Study Design: This is a prospective, single-blind, randomized (1:1), multicentric, two-arm study performed between September 2020 and December 2021 at two different centers across India. Women (18-40 years) with a singleton pregnancy requiring cesarean delivery were randomized to Monoglyde® (n=62) or Monocryl® (n=62) suture groups. The primary endpoint is the incidence of wound composite outcomes in the first 30 days post-partum (SSI, wound dehiscence, seroma, or hematoma). In addition, the secondary outcomes, incidence of wound composite outcome at all visits (till four months), suture extrusion and loosening, suture removal and evaluation of microbial deposits on sutures (in case not absorbed or infection), operative time, intraoperative suture handling, postoperative pain, return to normal day-to-day activities, modified Hollander cosmesis score, subject satisfaction score, and adverse events were noted. Results: Non-significant difference between the groups regarding demographic characteristics and primary endpoint; the incidence of wound composite outcome was observed. Moreover, no significant difference in suture extrusion and loosening, suture removal and evaluation of microbial deposits on sutures, operative time, intraoperative suture handling, pain, return to normal day-to-day activities, modified Hollander cosmesis, and subject satisfaction score were registered between the groups. Conclusions: This study establishes the clinical equivalence of Monoglyde® and Monocryl® poliglecaprone-25 sutures, and both sutures can be used for subcuticular skin closure following cesarean delivery with minimal risk for wound complications.
Validity of Routinely Reported Rutherford Scores Reported by Clinicians as Part of Daily Clinical Practice

Abstract Routinely reported structured data from the electronic health record (EHR) are frequently used for secondary purposes. However, it is unknown how valid routinely reported data are for reuse. This study aimed to assess the validity of routinely reported Rutherford scores by clinicians as an indicator for the validity of structured data in the EHR. This observational study compared clinician-reported Rutherford scores with medical record review Rutherford scores for all visits at the vascular surgery department between April 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018. Free-text fields with clinical information for all visits were extracted for the assignment of the medical record review Rutherford score, after which the agreement with the clinician-reported Rutherford score was assessed using Fleiss' Kappa. A total of 6,633 visits were included for medical record review. Substantial agreement was shown between clinician-reported Rutherford scores and medical record review Rutherford scores for the left ( k = 0.62, confidence interval [CI]: 0.60–0.63) and right leg ( k = 0.62, CI: 0.60–0.64). This increased to the almost perfect agreement for left ( k = 0.84, CI: 0.82–0.86) and right leg ( k = 0.85, CI: 0.83–0.87), when excluding missing clinician-reported Rutherford scores. Expert's judgment was rarely required to be the deciding factor (11 out of 6,633). Substantial agreement between clinician-reported Rutherford scores and medical record review Rutherford scores was found, which could be an indicator for the validity of routinely reported data. Depending on its purpose, the secondary use of routinely collected Rutherford scores is a viable option.
Interpolation of electromagnetic radiated fields over a plane by nonuniform samples

An iterative algorithm is developed which allows the interpolation of two-dimensional band-limited functions from nonuniformly distributed samples. Such a scheme is based on optimal sampling expansions of central type and is applied to the interpolation of electromagnetic fields over a plane. The algorithm can be applied whenever the "average" sample's density is higher than the Nyquist one and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the nonuniform samples and a lattice of the uniform ones, which associates at each uniform sampling point the nearest nonuniform sampling point. As compared with the optimal linear estimation algorithm, the procedure is computationally much more efficient. Many numerical simulations have assessed the rapid convergence of the method as well as its stability with respect to both absolute and relative errors in the data. >
Submicrometer x‐ray beam production by a thin film waveguide

A hard x‐ray waveguide capable of reducing a 13 keV monochromatic beam in one direction from 30 to only 0.1 μm has been characterized with synchrotron radiation. The guiding structure consisted of a carbon layer sandwiched between two Ni layers sputter‐deposited onto float glass. A beam exiting at the end of the guide in guiding direction was observed when a resonance effect due to the formation of x‐ray standing waves in the total reflection region takes place. The measured beam divergence (1.3 mrad) agrees with expectations. The total efficiency (exiting photon flux/incident photon flux) can ideally exceed 10−2 but is only 10−4 for this first prototype.
Evaluating the Optical Index of Ta and Ta-Based Absorbers for an Extreme Ultraviolet Mask Using Extreme Ultraviolet Reflectometry

We developed an accurate method for determining the optical index of Ta and Ta-based absorber layers with added nitrogen, oxygen, and boron for an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask using EUV reflectometry. The optical index at EUV wavelengths was derived from the density and atomic concentration of the composite materials. The atomic concentrations of Ta and Ta-based absorbers were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) analysis methods when no inconsistency occurred between the results of the XPS and RBS analyses. The volume densities of the Ta and Ta-based absorbers were determined using RBS and EUV reflectivity measurements with the grazing angle (EUVRG) or reflectivity (EUVR) when no inconsistency was observed between results. Deriving the volume density was necessary to establish the layer structure and layer thickness, and the surface oxidation layer was especially important for determining the correct volume density. The layer structure and thickness were derived using a pattern-fitting method for the XRR spectrum. The extinction coefficients of Ta and Ta-based absorbers stacked using conventional sputtering were lower than the extinction coefficient of an ideal Ta crystal.
Effect of impurities on collisional zonal flow damping in tokamaks

It is shown that the presence of highly charged impurity ions strongly increases the collisional damping of zonal flows in a low-collisionality tokamak plasma. A formula for the zonal flow damping time is derived, which indicates that the damping is enhanced approximately by a factor Zeff. If the aspect ratio is large, the enhancement is significantly larger. The zonal flow damping time is also the time which the poloidal plasma rotation needs to respond to a sudden change in the pressure gradients.
Radio-continuum observations of a small sample of hot stars

Radio-continuum observations (mostly at 6 cm) of 15 stars with spectral types between O6 and A5 are presented. These data were obtained as part of several Very Large Array programs. Ten of the observed stars were not detected as sources and have typical 3-sigma upper limits about 0.2 mJy. The stars that were detected as radio sources include three O stars (sigma Ori AB, S Mon, and HR 8281), a Be star (gamma Cas), and (possibly) a B dwarf star (HD 26676). Evidence that the radio emission from sigma Ori AB and S Mon is probably nonthermal in nature, and weaker evidence that the HR 8281 radio source is also possibly nonthermal, is presented. The radio observations of all the detected stars, and also of several of the undetected stars for which previous detections have been claimed, are discussed in detail. 37 refs.
User-Centric Measures of the Perceived Light Qualities of Lighting Products

Nowadays, lighting planning is predominantly determined by the need to meet physically measurable requirements that are often based on current lighting standards. However, meeting the minimum technical requirements of the standards is no guarantee for a visually appealing light environment. Instead, requirements based on perceived light qualities also need to be included to achieve better user comfort. Taking perception-based qualities into consideration when creating a light environment is, for many, not an easy task. In addition, a common terminology for perceived light qualities is currently lacking, both in industry and in research. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to explore how perceived light qualities of white light sources can be described when employing user-centric measures. The focus was on the qualities of light colour and diffuse and distinct light since these qualities have a great impact on the visual impression of light. The perception was assessed by applying analytical sensory analysis to lighting products, a method found to be promising in previous work. The methodology is based on analytical measurement by the human senses, which is particularly valuable when developing a general terminology. Since sensory analysis is still quite new to the topic of lighting, the applicability of using the methodology to assess lighting in a real context was also investigated. The results of the studies showed that the perception of light qualities can be described using further concepts in addition to those currently used. For light colour, the concepts of reddish, bluish, yellowish, and greenish light colours proved suitable for providing a richer description of the quality. The concepts of diffuse and distinct light satisfactorily captured variations in light contrast produced by shadows, reflections, and sparkles. In addition, the studies revealed that analytical sensory analysis was applicable for assessing the perception of lighting in a real-world context. The latter means that knowledge gained in the laboratory can be translated into real environments. The user-centric measures investigated in this paper have contributed to the terminology related to perceived light qualities. These can complement the physical measures in lighting planning to promote light environments that are not only energy efficient and meet technical requirements, but also cater for increased user comfort. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-02-022 Full Text: PDF
Brexit and the ties that bind: how global finance shapes city-level growth models

ABSTRACT This paper contributes to the Growth Model (GM) research program in comparative and international political economy by analyzing the impact of Brexit on London and other financial centers within the European Union (EU). Our key contribution is to demonstrate that for many countries, national growth models are really city-level growth models, and that this is directly observable in the relationship between GMs and their international financial centers. Such city-level GMs are possible precisely because they do not depend on, nor are they deeply integrated into, the rest of their national economy. To explain these observations, we draw upon insights from economic sociology and argue that ‘place-specific social capital’ and professional ‘linked ecologies’ make such internationally oriented city-level GMs highly robust to external shocks – even one as big as Brexit. Empirically, we develop this argument using financial firm-level data to observe the post-Brexit movement of assets, loans, and jobs in London, Dublin, Amsterdam, Paris and Frankfurt. We conclude with some observations on what a city-level GM perspective means for the study of comparative and international political economy.
Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Delhi and National Capital Region (NCR), India

To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in National Capital Territory of Delhi and National Capital Region (NCR), India. Various nations, including India, devised strategies to impose lockdowns and movement restrictions on their citizens in order to mitigate the effects of COVID-19. Cooperation and compliance by the populace are crucial to the effectiveness of such measures. People’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward such diseases are crucial in determining the adaptability of a society to such changes. Using Google Forms, a self-designed semi-structured questionnaire was created. This study is cross-sectional. Participants were eligible to participate if they were over the age of 18 and presently resided in the study area. The questionnaire included demographic variables such as gender, age, location, occupation, and income level. A total of 1,002 people completed the survey. A 48.80% of the respondents in the study group were females. The mean knowledge score was 13.14 (Maximum Score = 17), while the mean attitude score was 27.24 (Maximum Score = 30). Most of the respondents (96%) had adequate knowledge about the disease’s symptoms. A 91% of the respondents had an average attitude score. A 74.85% of respondents accepted that they had avoided large social events. Gender had a negligible impact on the average knowledge score, while the score differed significantly across education levels and occupation categories. Consistent dissemination of messages regarding the virus, its spread, control measures implemented, and precautions expected from the public aids in reassuring the public and reducing their anxiety regarding the virus.
A Joint Seismic and Space‐Based Investigation of the 2016 Lamplugh Glacier and 2017 Wrangell Mountains (Alaska) Landslides

Landslides commonly occur in areas with steep topography and abundant precipitation and pose a significant hazard to local communities. Some of the largest known landslides occur in Alaska, including several that caused local tsunamis. Many landslides may have gone undetected in remote areas due to lack of observations. Here, we develop a semiautomated workflow using both seismic and geodetic observations to detect, locate, validate, and characterize landslides in Alaska. Seismic observations have shown promise in continuously monitoring landslide occurrence, while remote sensing techniques are well suited for verification and high‐resolution imaging of landslides. We validate our procedure using the 28 June 2016, Lamplugh Glacier landslide. We also present observations of a previously unknown landslide occurred on 22 September 2017 in the Wrangell Mountains region. The Wrangell Mountains landslide generated a coherent surface wavefield recorded across Alaska and the contiguous United States. We used Sentinel‐1 Synthetic Aperture Radar and Sentinel‐2 optical imagery to map the respective mass deposit. To investigate the landslide dynamics, we inverted regional seismic surface wave data for a centroid single force failure model. Our model suggests that the Wrangell Mountains landslide lasted for about 140 s and had two subevents involving at least five distinct stages. We estimate that the landslide had displaced 3.1–13.4 million tons of rocks over a distance of ∼2 km. Our results suggest that combining seismic and geodetic observations can vastly improve the detection and characterization of landslides in remote areas in Alaska and elsewhere, providing new insights into the landslide dynamics.
Can shared micromobility replace auto travel? Evidence from the U.S. urbanized areas between 2012 and 2019

Abstract Previous literature has shown mixed findings on whether bike or e-scooter share programs, collectively called shared micromobility, play a role in reducing vehicle travel. In this study, we focused on two types of shared micromobility (i.e., bikes—both regular and e-bikes—and e-scooters). We examined their impact on vehicle travel in urbanized areas in the United States between 2012 and 2019. Employing the difference-in-differences (DID) approach, we quantified the collective effect of shared micromobility on daily vehicle miles of travel (VMT) per capita at the urbanized area level. Our findings suggest that bike shares could reduce VMT while e-scooter share alone might not have a significant impact on lowering vehicle travel. Our results also indicate that there may be a synergistic effect of bike and scooter shares in VMT reduction when both types of shared micromobility are available in an urbanized area. Our findings also demonstrate regional variations in the impact of shared micromobility on vehicle travel.
Detection of the 2(1,1) → 2(1,2) rotational emission line of HDO in the Orion Molecular Cloud

The 2(1,1) - 2(1,2) rotational transition of HDO has been detected towards the KL position at the center of the OMC-1 at a velocity V LSR of +5.5(± 1.3)km s -1 , corresponding to emission from the central core. This measurement is combined with previous estimates of the H 2 O abundance close to KL to obtain an [HDO]:[H 2 O] ratio of 9.5(±1.5) x 10 -3 . The systematic model-dependence of this ratio is examined in some detail, to show how reliably it may be used to obtain a radial gradient of [HDO]:[H 2 O], and hence of [D]:[H], within the Galaxy.
Response time distributions in memory scanning

Abstract This article reports the results of a memory scanning experiment (S. Sternberg. 1966, Science, 153 , 652-654) in which each of four subjects participated in about 1500 experimental trials per memory set size. These large samples made it possible to test a number of important nonparametric (i.e., model-free) properties of the response time (RT) distributions. These properties place severe constraints on the various memory scanning models and they provide a deeper description of the data than summary statistics or goodness-of-fit values. Five conclusions stood out. First, increasing the size of the memory set induced the strongest possible form of stochastic dominance on both target present and target absent trials. Second, the RT hazard functions were nonmonotonic, thereby falsifying a large class of serial searell models, Third, strong evidence was obtained against art exhaustive search. Fourth, some evidence was found that adding an item to the memory set inserts a stage with exponentially distributed duration into the processing claim, at least on largest absent trials. Fifth, the data supported the hypothesis that three of the subjects stored the representations of the memory set items in a visual short-term memory system and the fourth subject used all acoustic short-term system. To our knowledge, the only extant model of memory scanning that is consistent with all these results assumes that search is parallel, self-terminating, and of very limited capacity.
Density and Nonideality Effects in Plasmas

Self‐consistent joint description of free and weakly bound electron states in plasmas is considered. Existence of two problems is emphasized: restriction of the number of atomic excited states and description of the smooth crossover from bound pair electron‐ion excited states to collective excitations of free electrons. The spectrum domain intermediate between low‐lying excited atoms and free electron continuous energy levels is studied. Density and nonideality effects are separated. The density effects are predominant for the shape of the curve of the energy spectrum near the ionization limit. It corresponds to the suppression of spectral lines in ideal multicharge plasma of warm dense matter. A suppression of collisional recombination turns out to be a nonideality effect. The suppression agrees with the measurements for ultracold plasmas and warm dense matter (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preliminary inter-rater reliability of “The observed Off-task Behavior among School-Children” (The OBS-Children)

This study investigated the inter-rater reliability of The observed Off-task Behavior among School Children (The OBS-Children), developed to measure observed off-task behavior among children from 6 to 12 years old with sensory processing difficulties and sensory seeking behavior. Two raters rated 18 videos of 10 children in a controlled school-like setting. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs 2.1). Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Limits of Agreement (LoA) were calculated as a parameter of measurement error. Four out of six items had good to excellent reliability (ICC 0.83–0.95), while one had moderate reliability (ICC 0.75) and one had poor reliability (ICC 0.28). SEM was mostly small, while LoA ranged quite widely on all but one item. The reliability of the OBS-Children can be considered acceptable except from two problematic items. Measurement error was relatively large for all items, implying a need for further development and psychometric testing of the tool.
Acoustics of King Abdullah Mosque

This paper presents the acoustical problems associated with a huge mosque that has been built recently in Amman, Jordan. These problems include very high reverberation time values inside the mosque, reaching more than 15 s at midfrequencies, and more than 22 s for all frequencies below 500 Hz. In addition, the articulation index was very low and the ambient noise level was very high. These conditions produced an unacceptable acoustic environment for this place, and their reduction was essential. To remedy these problems, most of the interior surfaces of the mosque were treated using appropriate types of materials. Final measurements indicate that the reverberation time in the midfrequencies is around 1 s. Furthermore, the use of an electroacoustic system provides an almost uniform sound level inside the mosque. The articulation index measurements show good to excellent response.
New aspects of turbulent boundary-layer structure

Flow visualization studies of the zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer over the Reynolds-number range 500 < Reθ < 17500 have shown large Reynolds-number effects on boundary-layer structure. At high Reynolds numbers (Reθ > 2000, say) the layer appears to consist very largely of elongated hairpin vortices or vortex pairs, originating in the wall region and extending through a large part of the boundary-layer thickness or beyond it; they are for the most part inclined to the wall at a characteristic angle in the region of 40–50°. Large-scale features, which exhibit a slow overturning motion, appear to consist mainly of random arrays of such hairpin vortices, although there is some evidence of more systematic structures. At low Reynolds numbers (Reθ < 800, say) the hairpin vortices are very much less elongated and are better described as horseshoe vortices or vortex loops; large-scale features now consist simply of isolated vortex loops (at the very lowest Reynolds numbers), or of several such loops interacting strongly, and show a relatively brisk rate of rotation.