Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Perspective on Molecular Structure and Bond-Breaking in Radiation Damage in Serial Femtosecond Crystallography

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have a unique capability for time-resolved studies of protein dynamics and conformational changes on femto- and pico-second time scales. The extreme intensity of X-ray pulses can potentially cause significant modifications to the sample structure during exposure. Successful time-resolved XFEL crystallography depends on the unambiguous interpretation of the protein dynamics of interest from the effects of radiation damage. Proteins containing relatively heavy elements, such as sulfur or metals, have a higher risk for radiation damage. In metaloenzymes, for example, the dynamics of interest usually occur at the metal centers, which are also hotspots for damage due to the higher atomic number of the elements they contain. An ongoing challenge with such local damage is to understand the residual bonding in these locally ionized systems and bond-breaking dynamics. Here, we present a perspective on radiation damage in XFEL experiments with a particular focus on the impacts for time-resolved protein crystallography. We discuss recent experimental and modelling results of bond-breaking and ion motion at disulfide bonding sites in protein crystals.
How Hiring Financial Advisors in Cross-Border Acquisitions in The BRICS is Driven by The Target Country Institutional Image and Home-Target Distance

We examine how the target country’s institutional image and home-host institutional and geographic distance influence the acquirer firms’ hiring financial advisors in cross-border acquisitions (CBAs) in the BRICS. Specifically, we scrutinize whether the acquirer hires financial advisor in the acquirer firm’s country, the target country or a global advisor. We argue that the acquirer is more likely to hire a financial advisor the poorer the institutional image of the target country and the greater the home-host institutional and geographic distance. Using longitudinal data on 642 cross-border acquisitions during 2013-2017 in the BRICS – Brazil, Russia, China, India and South Africa, we empirically test the hypotheses. The findings have important implications for scholars, policymakers and managers. Our results confirm that: acquirer firms are more likely to hire a financial advisor in the acquirer’s country to advise a cross-border acquisition the greater the institutional distance between the countries. And, that acquirer firms are more likely to hire a global financial advisor to advise a cross-border acquisition the greater the geographic distance between the countries.
Genetic analysis for resistance to Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) among provitamin-A maize germplasm

Maize biofortification is adopted as strategy to circumvent the high risk of vitamin A deficienc, accentuated by high incidence food losses due to storage insect pests in most developing countries where maize is an important staple crop. This study was initiated to understand the mode of inheritance for resistance to storage weevils among provitamin-A germplasm. A total of 72 provitamin-A maize testcross hybrids were evaluated for agronomic and adaptive traits in three sites, Namulonge, Serere and Ngetta in Uganda during the main season of 2015. Based on genotype x environment analysis of field traits, resultant grain from two divergent environments (Namulonge and Serere) were screened for resistance against Sitophilus zeamais in a no-choice laboratory. Line by tester analysis of combining ability indicated that both additive and non-additive gene effects were important in controlling the resistance parameters, including adult mortality, F1 insects which emerged, Median Development Period, Index of Susceptibility and Grain damage. Two provitamin-A inbred lines, CLHP0014 and CLHP0005 showed high GCA effects for reduced infestation with storage weevil. Broad sense heritability was moderate (0.19 ≤ H2 ≤ 0.59) and Narrow sense heritability (h2) was low ranging from 0.19 to 0.24. The two inbred lines with desirable GCA effect for weevil resistance could be used in the development of resistant breeding population. However, the low heritability of the trait observed, suggested that effective breeding methods be deployed to increase resistance to storage weevil, concurrently with research efforts to develop high nutritional quality maize varieties.
The Introduction of Proof at the Secondary School in Cameroun: A First Approach trough the Study of Quadrilaterals and Triangles in the Textbook

The purpose of this article is to better understand how proof is introduced into the study of quadrilaterals and triangles in high school. To do this, we designed a grid to analyse mathematics textbooks in Cameroon francophone subsystems (7th Grade and 8th Grade). The Anthropological Theory of Didactics and the paradigms in geometry served as a theoretical framework for our analyses. The results of our analysis indicate that problems in the lessons section correspond to guided problems. These kinds of problems do not develop students’ spirit of research and initiative. The authors of the textbook choose to teach the functioning of deductive reasoning in the 8th Grade. They choose to introduce proof in the commented exercise section rather than lessons section. The learning problems proposed in the textbooks contain drawings wish have informative function and representative function. The preponderance of drawings with a representative function that have the same shape and name observed in textbooks can contribute to the construction of constant visual models in students’ minds. This could lead to the superficial use of drawings in proof tasks.
Two new species of Billolivia (Gesneriaceae) from the Langbiang Plateau, Vietnam

Two new species of the recently established genus Billolivia (Gesneriaceae) are described from the Langbiang Plateau in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, namely B. noanii and B. trucii. Their conservation status is assessed. These findings increase the total number of Billolivia species to be 13. A key to all known species of the genus is given.
Gross anatomy of the intrinsic muscles of the scapular and humeral joint regions in crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous, Linnaeus 1776)

The crab-eating fox ( Cerdocyon thous ) is a wild canid with a wide distribution in South America that is susceptible to traumas due to road kills - an event in which some specimens can survive. Therefore, anatomical studies in their thoracic limbs may be a base for rehabilitation. Six dead specimens were donated by Wildlife Rescue Centre of CORPOCALDAS (Environmental Authority of the Department of Caldas in Colombia), which were then filled with silicone rubber via the common carotid artery, and later fixed with formaldehyde through the external jugular vein. One male was dissected in fresh, and after a week, the others were dissected on the scapular and humeral joint regions. The intrinsic muscles of these regions in the crab-eating fox were homologous to domestic dog, with similar characteristics in terms of shape, origin, insertion, innervation and arterial blood supply. However, the crab-eating fox did have some differences, such as its supraspinatus muscle being conformed by two bellies and attached into the articular capsule of the humeral joint in same manner as the subscapularis muscle, thus conferring greater stability to the humeral. However, the clinical and surgical approaches that must be performed in this region may be homologous to the domestic dog.
Teachers’ Workplace Aggression Behaviors and Their Relationship with Organizational Justice

In this study, it was aimed to examine teachers’ workplace aggression behaviors and organizational justice perceptions and test the predictive effect of organizational justice on workplace aggression. Designed with causal comparative and correlational methods, the study had a sampling of 408 teachers, working in Kayseri and selected according to proportional stratified random sampling technique. Teachers’ Workplace Aggression Scale developed by the researchers and Organizational Justice Types Scale by Kuru-Cetin (2013) were used as data collection tools. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, t-test, one way ANOVA, simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used in data analyses. The results showed that teachers rarely observe aggressive behaviors at school, with a higher mean of covert workplace aggression score than that of overt workplace aggression. Organizational justice perceptions were at medium level, with a higher mean of procedural justice score than that of distributive justice. The simple linear regression analysis showed that organizational justice, explaining 10% of the variance, was a significant predictor of teachers’ workplace aggression behaviors. However, in the multiple linear regression it was observed that procedural justice, explaining 10% of the variance, was the only significant predictor of workplace aggression and distributive justice wasn’t a significant predictor of teachers’ workplace aggression. The practical and theoretical implications of the study were discussed.
Evaluation of occupational stress and associated burnout Based on Demand–Control Model among EMS personnel in Ilam

Occupational stress with the physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomic hazards is among the five main risks in the workplace. One of the most common techniques used for assessing occupational stress is the demand-control model developed by Karasek. This study was aimed to determine occupational stress and associated burnout based on Demand–Control Model among EMS personnel in Ilam. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 72 of Ilam emergency medical services center in 2016. Occupational stress was assessed by the Persian version of Job Content Questionnaire (P-JCQ) and the occupational burnout was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment levels. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were applied for data analysis via SPSS software version 21. Mean and standard deviation score for decision-making freedom, psychological demands, social support, physical demands, and job insecurity dimensions were (70.87±7.99), (35.18±4.84), (23.64±6.33), (16.30±2.86), (9.1± 4.65), respectively. About 27.3% of personnel reported their job active, 30.3% passive, 22.7% high strain, and 19.7% low strain. A comparison of the relationship between occupational stress and associated burnout showed a significant relationship between the decision-making freedom dimension and depersonalization level (P<0.05). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the majority of personnel reported low psychological demands and low control. In such situation, the probability of mental disorders is increased. KEYWORD: Occupational Stress, Occupational Burnout, Emergency Medical Services, Ilam
Zinc and Copper in Seminal Plasma of Normal and Pathological Samples: An Analytical Study

The persons of the study were 1. volunteers who were clinically normal and 2. patients who reported for infertility investigations. After keeping an abstinence for 3 to 5 days, they collected semen sample into clean and dry wide mouthed glass bottles supplied by us. The method used for collection was masturbation. While collecting they did not loose any portion of the sample. The collection time was between 9 and 11 a.m. The samples were routinely analysed (AMELAR and DUBIN, 1977; AMELAR, DUBIN and SCHOENFELD, 1973). Referring to the reports of AMELAR and DUBIN (1977), ELIASSON (1976), FREUND and PETERSON (1976) and VAN ZYL et aI. (1976), samples were included in one of the following groups.
Isolation and Identification of Enterovirus D111 in a Child with Acute Flaccid Paralysis in Nigeria

The WHO recommended cell-culture-based algorithm requires enterovirus (EV) isolates to produce reproducible cytopathic effect (R-CPE) in RD and/or L20b cell lines. Samples with non-reproducible CPE (NR-CPE) are considered negative for EVs. We investigated whether there could be EVs lurking in samples with NR-CPE. Fifty-nine (59) cell culture supernatants (CCS) (collected between 2016 and 2017) recovered from RD and L20b cell culture tubes with NR-CPE, were analyzed in this study. The tubes had been previously inoculated with stool suspension from children (<15 years) in Nigeria with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). All CCS were screened for Enteric Adenoviruses and group A Rotavirus using a rapid immunochromatographic test kit. Subsequently, they were passaged in HEp-2 cell line. All isolates were subjected to RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, three (5l-UTR, VP1 and EV Species C [EV-C]) different PCR assays and sequencing of amplicons. EVs were further subjected to Illumina sequencing. All CCS were negative for Adenoviruses and group A Rotaviruses. Four CCS produced R-CPE in HEp-2 cell line, three of which were positive for the 5l-UTR assay. Of the 3 isolates two and none were positive for the VP1 and EV-C assays, respectively. One of the two VP1 amplicons was successfully sequenced and identified as Echovirus 1(E1). Illumina sequencing of the three 5l- UTR positive isolates confirmed the E1 isolate and typed the remaining two as EV-Ds (94 and 111). We describe the first EV-D94 and 111 isolates of Nigerian origin. We also show that NR-CPE could sometimes be caused by EVs that do not produce R-CPE in RD and L20b cell lines but do so in other cell lines like HEp-2.
Fault Structure and Origin of Compressional Tectonic Features Within the Smooth Plains on Mercury

The major physiographic “smooth plains” units on Mercury are dominantly composed of volcanic deposits that have been deformed by horizontal compressive stresses. An open issue is whether these features formed by stresses induced by global contraction, bending stresses due to volcanic loading, or some combination of both. In this study, we model the surface expression of 12 shortening structures within several smooth plains units across Mercury to determine the geometries of the underlying faults. We implement an elastic dislocation model, using both listric and planar fault geometries, to place estimates on the depth of faulting for each feature. We show that a majority of smooth plains shortening structures penetrate the lithosphere to depths greater than 15 km. Thrust faults of this scale have not previously been recognized within the planet's smooth plains units and require a large horizontal stresses to form, which is best explained if this stress arises from global contraction. Further, our results suggest that the observed relief and length contrast between features in the smooth plains units and older intercrater plains units can be explained by interior layering of, and/or a shallower brittle‐ductile transition underlying, the smooth plains units.
5’-flanking variants of the equine α-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene – relationship with gene expression and mare’s milk composition

Currently, mare’s milk is considered to be not only the main source of food for the newborn foal, but it also seems to be an interesting and valuable product for human nutrition (Salimei and Fantuz, 2012). Due to numerous similarities between mare’s milk and human breast milk composition, the equine milk is seen as a potential nutritional substitute for human infants (Martin et al., 2016). It should be also ABSTRACT. α-Lactalbumin (α-LA) is one of the most abundant milk whey proteins among different mammalian species including domestic horse. The aim of this study was to screen for polymorphism in the 5’-flanking region of the equine α-LA (LALBA) gene and to assess the potential relationship of particular genotypes with LALBA gene expression variability (measured at the mRNA and protein levels) and with basic milk composition traits. Initial screening for LALBA gene 5’-flanking variants was conducted using direct sequencing of DNA derived from 96 horses representing 12 breeds (Polish Primitive Horse, Polish Coldblood Horse, Polish Warmblood Horse, Silesian, Hucul, Fiording, Haflinger, Shetland Pony, Welsh Pony, Arabian, Thoroughbred and Percheron). Association analysis of detected polymorphisms, gene expression and milk composition traits was carried out for 74 horses (Polish Primitive Horse, Polish Coldblood Horse and Polish Warmblood Horse breeds). Altogether 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (c.−165G>C, c.−222A>G, c.−357C>A and c.−928C>T) were found in the LALBA gene 5’-flanking region (NC_009149.3 GenBank sequence, gene coordinates on ECA6: 67372475–67375877). Although bioinformatic prediction suggested that 3 of them may alter the consensus sequences for transcription factors, no significant associations between genotypes and LALBA gene expression were recorded. However, a significant relationship (P < 0.05) was noticed for c. −928C>T SNP genotypes and basic milk composition (fat and protein contents) of Polish Primitive Horse mares. Additionally, in our study the significant impact of horse breed and lactation period on LALBA gene expression and basic milk composition traits was revealed. Received: 15 December 2017 Revised: 19 August 2018 Accepted: 19 November 2018
YEAR-ROUND BRIDGE COLONY OF MEXICAN FREE-TAILED BATS (TADARIDA BRASILIENSIS MEXICANA) IN TRANS-PECOS TEXAS

Mexican Free-tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) from a bridge colony in Big Bend Ranch State Park, Presidio County, Texas were followed over two natal seasons sand two winters. For the period of this study, the bridge was being utilized as a maternity roost with a number of the young of the summer overwintering in each of the two winters examined. The site also was used by nonreproductive adult males during spring and summer. Adult bats left the bridge roost by mid-to-late summer, leaving only young of the summer at the bridge to exploit roost and local resources through the fall and winter. Young of the summer being left at the maternity roost to overwinter is a novel behavior for T. b. mexicana. Sex-and age-specific segregation of bats is inferred within the bridge roost.
The Effectiveness of Mobile Augmented Reality Assisted STEM-Based Learning on Scientific Literacy and Students’ Achievement

This study aims at describing the effectiveness of Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) Assisted STEM-Based Learning on Scientific Literacy and Students' Achievement. This Quasi-Experimental research employed posttest-only control group design. It was conducted at the fourth-grade students of the Elementary School Teacher Program of Saint Paul Educational College Ruteng, Indonesia. The sample was taken using a random sampling technique from the intake classes, which consists of three parallel classes. Then, the students from class A and B was treated as an experimental group, and two other classes (class C and D) were considered as the control group. The experiment group students were taught using MAR Assisted STEM-Based learning, while the control group, students were taught applying a conventional method of learning. In collecting the data, the study employed a science achievement test and a scientific literacy test. The results revealed that: 1) The application of STEM-based learning assisted by Mobile Augmented Reality is quite effective in increasing students' scientific literacy. 2) The application of STEM-based learning assisted by Mobile Augmented Reality is effective in improving students' achievement. 3) There is a difference in the results of the students’ scientific literacy and achievement between the students who are taught using STEM-based learning assisted by mobile augmented reality and students who are taught applying conventional learning.
A pairwise maximum entropy model uncovers the white matter scaffold underlying emergent dynamics in intracranial EEG

A major challenge in systems neuroscience is to understand how the brain’s structural architecture gives rise to its complex functional dynamics. Here, we address this challenge by examining the inter-ictal activity of five patients with medically refractory epilepsy during ∼ 15 hours of multi-channel intracranial recording. By constructing a pairwise maximum entropy model (MEM) of the observed neural dynamics, we seek to uncover the fundamental relationship between functional activity and its underlying structural substrate. Despite only incorporating the pairwise correlations in the observed neural activity, we find that the pairwise MEM robustly fits large-scale patterns of inter-ictal power dynamics across a wide range of frequency bands, notably displaying time-invariance and cross-frequency similarity. Furthermore, across all frequency bands, we demonstrate that the pairwise MEM accurately identifies the structural white matter connections between brain regions, outperforming other common model-free measures of functional connectivity. Together, our findings show that a simple pairwise MEM, which is explicitly ignorant of higher-order correlations between three or more brain regions, not only captures complex spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity across the frequency spectrum, but also suggests that the network of structural connections in the human brain is a plausible scaffold capable of supporting observed wide-band neural dynamics.
Modelling of a flat plate solar collector system using response surface methodology

Abstract: In this study, performance analysis of flat plate solar collector has been carried out analytically. A comprehensive mathematical modelling of thermal performance is modelled using Response Surface Methodology and optimal geometrical and thermodynamic parameters are predicted pertaining to optimum performance of the system. In this study a model was developed for evaluating and predicting the efficiency, outlet temperature and performance of a flat plate solar collector considering the hour angle, day and input temperature as input parameters. In the cause of the work it was found that the days and months close to the beginning of the year (January, February, March and April) yielded higher outlet temperature and solar radiation due to dry season, while the months at the middle of the year showed lower outlet temperature and solar radiation due to the rainy season. The months towards the ending of the year also showed higher outlet temperature and solar radiation respectively.
Medical staff perceptions of risk communication needs for the public and comparison with the needs expressed by the public

Risk communication programs about radiation exposure should be conducted continuously and rigorously by healthcare workers in the Tohoku region in order to reduce the stress caused by radiation exposure. This study aimed to compare the perception by medical staff of the public need to the public need as defined in a previous study, as well as examine the level of perception among healthcare workers of the two concepts “as low as reasonably achievable” (ALARA), and Regulatory Sciences. These two concepts were expected to be the ones to impart information regarding the effect of radiation on the human body during risk communication. The results showed differences between the public perception of risks and belief of what the public risk perception was by the medical staff. In addition, only 23.5% and 16.5% medical doctors had accurate perception of ALARA and Regulatory Sciences in Japan, respectively, even after the great East Japan Earthquake. , ALARA and Regulatory Sciences should be added to healthcare workers’ education curriculums to enhance their knowledge level of these concepts. From the viewpoint of laypersons, public health awareness programs conducted by the local and central governments ranked fourth and fifth respectively as sources of information. One of the reasons was that, to some extent, the attitude of the central government seemed apt to be overbearing to laypersons. Therefore, we also believe that medical doctors are expected to be intermediaries between central/local governments and laypersons.