Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metacognitive Awareness and Its Relation to Students’ Academic Achievement: Time to Ponder Its Implication in Delivery of Curriculum

Metacognition skills enable learners to understand and monitor their cognitive processes. The categories described under metacognition are knowledge/regulation of cognition. Metacognitive skills are necessary in curriculum delivery. Students with metacognitive skills are expected to perform better and evidence recommends metacognition be taught in curriculum. The metacognition awareness inventory (MAI) score was collected for knowledge of cognitive factor (KCF) and regulation of cognitive factor (RCF). Knowledge monitoring accuracy (KMA) was also calculated as the difference between students’ examination estimated score (SEES) versus actual knowledge on tests. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyse MAI, academic achievement and SEES at the end of semester assessment (EOSA) written/clinical (EOSAW/EOSAC) test. A negative correlation was found between MAI and EOSAW (–0.029) and MAI and EOSAC (–0.187), while a high correlation between MAI and KCF (0.808) and MAI and RCF (0.920) was found (p < 0.001). The correlation between KCF and RCF was moderately high (0.559, p < 0.001). A negative correlation was also found between KMA and EOSAW (–0.392). The correlation of EOSA achievement scores and KCF and RCF was also negative at –0.002 and –0.100, respectively. A mixed insignificant (p > 0.05) correlation was noted among MAI, KMA and SEES for individual instruments. A poor correlation between metacognitive skills and achievement scores indicates students’ unrealistic self-evaluation of cognition for knowledge and regulation.
Evaluation of Anticarcinogenic Potential of Broccoli Extract on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line

Purpose: The current research was conducted to estimate the anticarcinogenic effect of sulforaphane (SFN) combined with different doses of the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (CIS) on the cell line of Squamous cell carcinoma orally to consider sulforaphane (Broccoli extract) Outcome on cell viability and apoptosis of the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Subjects and Method: Squamous cell carcinoma of the human tongue (SCC9) cell line subcultured to obtain 6 study groups, which were subjected to SFN, CIS with low dose, CIS with high dose and a combination of both (SFN with CIS in low concentration = mix1 and SFN with CIS in high concentration = mix2), one study group of SCC9, not subjected to therapy, was used as a negative control. Using Doses of both SFN, CIS were determined using the MTT viability assay, to calculate their IC50 value. Then, apoptotic analysis, using Caspase3, in different study groups were assessed using RT-PCR. Results: Treatment results have been measured for cell viability, apoptosis and gene expression. In doseand a timedependent way, SFN decreased viability for SCC9 cells. SFN-combined therapy increased CIS cytotoxic activity because low-dose CIS (mix1) SFN was extremely cytotoxic to SCC9 after 72 hours. SFN increased SCC9 apoptosis with a high dose of CIS (mix2) and that process was due to up-regulation of Caspase3. Conclusion: Cytotoxicity against SCC9 cells was increased by combining SFN with low doses of CIS. In the treatment of OSCCC, combined SFN-CIS mixtures have a possible additive mean.
The Effect of Online Discussion Boards on Equity Crowdfunding Dynamics

ABSTRACT Equity crowdfunding platforms provide investors the opportunity to engage with entrepreneurs and each other through online discussion boards. However, little is known about the effects of such discussion boards on crowdfunding dynamics. Based on the analysis of 264 campaigns comprising 5,916 funding day observations, we use the instrumental variable approach and establish a robust causal effect of discussion threads on fundraising dynamics. The effect is positive and loses its significance with an increasing number of discussion threads. Unlike prior research, our results show that the overall effect does not differ by discussion topics. However, interactions exist between discussion topics and venture characteristics. Product-focused discussions appear to be more influential for early stage ventures that have yet to generate sales. We discuss the implications of our results for entrepreneurs and investors as well as crowdfunding platforms and provide suggestions for future research.
Indicated Web-Based Prevention for Women With Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial

Background Although preventive interventions for eating disorders in general have shown promise, interventions specifically targeting individuals at risk for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a guided, indicated web-based prevention program for women at risk for AN. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled efficacy trial for women at risk for AN. Assessments were carried out at baseline (before the intervention), after the intervention (10 weeks after baseline), and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups (FUs). A total of 168 women with low body weight (17.5 kg/m2≤BMI≤19 kg/m2) and high weight concerns or with normal body weight (19 kg/m2<BMI≤25 kg/m2), high weight concerns, and high restrained eating were recruited from 3 German universities as well as on the web and randomized to Student Bodies-AN (SB-AN; intervention group [IG]) or a wait-list control group (CG). The exclusion criteria were current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition–based full-syndrome eating disorders and serious medical or mental problems. The interventions were a cognitive-behavioral guided web-based prevention program (SB-AN) over 10 weeks (IG) and a wait-list CG. The primary outcomes were clinically significant changes in disordered eating attitudes and behaviors and change in BMI at 12-month FU in the group of participants who were underweight. The secondary outcomes were new onset of eating disorders, symptoms of disordered eating, and associated psychopathology. Results Data were available for 81.5% (137/168) of the women after the intervention and for 69% (116/168) of the women at 12-month FU. At 12-month FU, the IG participants showed larger decreases in Eating Disorder Examination total scores (38/48, 79% vs 33/58, 57%) than the CG participants and the IG participants who were underweight also showed larger clinically relevant increases in BMI (15/31, 49% vs 10/32, 32%) than the CG participants, but these differences were not significant. In addition, after the intervention and at 12-month FU, we found a significant increase in continuously measured BMI for the participants who were underweight and significant improvements in disordered eating attitudes and behaviors (eg, restrained eating as well as weight and shape concerns). At all time points, the rates of new-onset eating disorder cases were (nonsignificantly) lower in the IG than in the CG and the reductions in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition–based eating disorder syndromes were (nonsignificantly) higher in the IG than in the CG. Conclusions SB-AN is the first preventive intervention shown to significantly reduce specific risk factors for, and symptoms of, AN and shows promise for reducing full-syndrome AN onset. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN70380261; https://www.isrctn. com/ISRCTN70380261
Relationship between Emotional Aspect of Preparatory School Childrenand their Exposure to Negative Life Experience

Background: Adolescents of today are the adults of tomorrow. They make significant contributions to the development of the community. Objective: This study is aiming to identify the relationship between emotional aspect of preparatory school children and their exposure to negative life experience. Subjects: The subjects of the study comprised 252 students, 69 of them were males and 183 females, 204 were from Arabic Governmental Schools, and 48 from Experimental Schools, their age ranged from 12 to 15 years. Tools: Five tools were utilized to collect the necessary data in this study. Results: The study revealed that, there is a significant relation between negative life experiences, anxiety and depression. Recommendations: The main recommendations were counseling services for parents and caregivers about how to manage adolescent anxiety and depression related to negative life events and social support should be offered, especially to high-risk families to help them in child rearing.
Gene Overlapping as a Modulator of Begomovirus Evolution

In RNA viruses, which have high mutation—and fast evolutionary— rates, gene overlapping (i.e., genomic regions that encode more than one protein) is a major factor controlling mutational load and therefore the virus evolvability. Although DNA viruses use host high-fidelity polymerases for their replication, and therefore should have lower mutation rates, it has been shown that some of them have evolutionary rates comparable to those of RNA viruses. Notably, these viruses have large proportions of their genes with at least one overlapping instance. Hence, gene overlapping could be a modulator of virus evolution beyond the RNA world. To test this hypothesis, we use the genus Begomovirus of plant viruses as a model. Through comparative genomic approaches, we show that terminal gene overlapping decreases the rate of virus evolution, which is associated with lower frequency of both synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations. In contrast, terminal overlapping has little effect on the pace of virus evolution. Overall, our analyses support a role for gene overlapping in the evolution of begomoviruses and provide novel information on the factors that shape their genetic diversity.
“Does blockchain technology matter?”: Understanding consumer purchase intention in a blockchain technology for olive oil context

Background: Blockchain, which was once primarily connected with financial services, is now affecting other businesses as well. Blockchain is gaining power as a tool to trace and monitor food as it moves through the supply chain, confirming its provenance. Consumers are becoming increasingly interested in learning where their purchases are created and how they are made. Consumers in the food business can use blockchain to verify the source of their purchases. Despite some blockchain studies on innovation uptake in finance settings, little is known about how consumers view blockchain in terms of food traceability and transparency, particularly olive oil products. Purpose: To look why people would want to buy olive oil with blockchain code, using an adapted version of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) that includes the perceived trust among other variables. Materials and Methods: A survey methodology is used to collect responses from a sample of 115 olive oil consumers in France and analyzed via AMOS 23. Linear regression was used to assess the causal relationship between measured variables. Results: The results indicate that the trust value generated by the blockchain technology has a strong effect on olive oil product’s purchase intention. The unexpected result is that the other values, such as performance expectancy or effort expectancy, have no impact on that behavioural intention among French population. Conclusions: For researchers, this study lunches a new call to discussion on the predictive effectiveness of the UTAUT2 model. In addition, it provides new insights to practitioners on how to increase the purchase intention towards olive oil brands that uses blockchain technology.
Temporal Sensory Profiles of Regular and Sodium-Reduced Foods Elicited by Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) and Temporal Check-All-That-Apply (TCATA)

Temporal sensory methods can be used to highlight the impact of sodium reduction on the dynamic sensory profile of foods targeted for sodium reduction. Study aims were to compare the temporal sensory attribute profiles of regular and sodium-reduced food products elicited by TDS and TCATA, over single and multiple oral intakes. A total of 20 semi-trained participants evaluated commercially available regular and sodium-reduced canned corn, cooked ham (single intakes), potato chips and cream of mushroom soup (5 intakes) using both TDS and TCATA. Regular and sodium-reduced products differed in not only salty but also other sensory attributes, noticeably dry for chips, sweet for corn, bitter and metallic for ham, thick, creamy, sweet, and starchy for soup. TDS and TCATA provided comparable information for the key sensory attributes characterizing and differentiating the regular and sodium-reduced products. TDS profiled significant differences between samples for a larger number of attributes than TCATA, while TCATA profiles were more consistent across intakes. Multiple intakes changed the duration of attribute dominance but not the number of significantly dominant attributes in TDS profiles. The current findings provide insight for applications of temporal profiling to other food products and development of sodium-reduced foods with attribute profiles acceptable to consumers.
Neonatal Screening for Sickle Cell Disease in Congo

Introduction Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder due to the mutation of a gene coding for the globin beta chain. The aim of this study is to update the epidemiological data on hemoglobinoses, in particular sickle cell disease in newborns in Congo. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from October 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020, throughout the Congolese national territory. It involved all full-term newborns, without distinction of nationality, aged 5 days or less, and whose parents consented to participate in the study. The blood samples, taken at the heel and collected on Whatman blotting paper, were analyzed using the HPLC Variant NBS machine. Results In 2897 newborns (NN) screened, hemoglobin abnormalities were found in 603 NN (20.81%). The mean age of these newborns was 1 day (extremes 0 and 5 days). The male-to-female ratio was 1.03. Abnormal hemoglobins were mainly Hb S (n = 597 (97.71%)); Hb C (n = 5 (0.82%)); and variants (n = 7 (1.15%)). The national prevalence of major sickle cell (MSC) syndromes and sickle cell trait was 1.35% and 19.43%, respectively. The prevalence ranged from 1.77% to 2.56% for MSS in four departments and from 20.5% to 25.8% for the sickle cell trait in six other departments. Conclusion Data on homozygous sickle cell disease remain consistent with previous studies. However, further studies should clarify the molecular anomalies of the variants observed in our samples.
Perceived Anger in Clear and Conversational Speech: Contributions of Age and Hearing Loss

A previous investigation demonstrated differences between younger adult normal-hearing listeners and older adult hearing-impaired listeners in the perceived emotion of clear and conversational speech. Specifically, clear speech sounded angry more often than conversational speech for both groups, but the effect was smaller for the older listeners. These listener groups differed by two confounding factors, age (younger vs. older adults) and hearing status (normal vs. impaired). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the contributions of aging and hearing loss to the reduced perception of anger in older adults with hearing loss. We investigated perceived anger in clear and conversational speech in younger adults with and without a simulated age-related hearing loss, and in older adults with normal hearing. Younger adults with simulated hearing loss performed similarly to normal-hearing peers, while normal-hearing older adults performed similarly to hearing-impaired peers, suggesting that aging was the primary contributor to the decreased anger perception seen in previous work. These findings confirm reduced anger perception for older adults compared to younger adults, though the significant speaking style effect—regardless of age and hearing status—highlights the need to identify methods of producing clear speech that is emotionally neutral or positive.
How Do Table Shape, Group Size, and Gender Affect On-Task Actions in Computer Education Open-Ended Tasks

Contribution: This article presents a study that adds evidence to the field of computer education by focusing on the interaction between shapes of tables, group size, and gender, and their effects on on-task collaborative learning actions. By studying the collaborative learning environment in the context of computer education, the aim is to understand how different on-task actions are affected by the mentioned factors. Background: Previous research on collaborative learning space in the collaborative computer education context with the focus on the group formation, gender aspect, and analysis of on-task actions. Research Questions: Do different table shapes have different effects on open-ended computer education on-task actions for different groups sizes (two and three participants) and for different genders? Methodology: In order to study a collaborative problem-solving activity that is based on creating a prototype of a responsive toy, two main conditions were examined: table shape (round or rectangular) and how this interacts with group size (two or three participants) and gender. University students were engaged in design tasks conducted in small groups following the Jigsaw pattern. Findings: Results show that students engage more in interaction with physical artifacts when collaboration is conducted in dyads. In terms of gender, the analysis shows a tendency of female students to engage more when the activity is conducted in dyads. Furthermore, the combination of a dyad structure and a round table resulted in more discussion and nonverbal interaction.
Estimation of Serum Magnesium Level in Patients of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy

Aims & Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the serum magnesium level in patients of type-II diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. Methodology: This case control study was conducted at LUMHS Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan. Total 120 subjects were selected for this research divided in to three groups, control and two case study groups for the period of six months July 2020 to December 2020. FBS, HbA1%, serum creatinine, serum magnesium levels were estimated from all subjects. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 21 by applied ANOVA test to compare the parameters in different groups. Results: Serum Magnesium level was significantly (p<0.05) decline in group C patients of diabetic nephropathy with poor glycemic control as compared to control or diabetic patients without complications. Conclusion: Estimation of serum magnesium level in the diabetic patients can be use for the early predictor tool to know the expansion of diabetic complications. Keywords: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathy, Serum Magnesium
Adherence to Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Breast Cancer (BrCa): A Case-Control Study

Background Previous evidence suggests a link between diet quality and breast cancer (BrCa); however, the link between the Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS)—a fully food-based score that uses the 2015 Dutch Dietary Guidelines—and risk of BrCa has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to observe the relationship between adherence to an LLDS and risk of BrCa in Iranian adults. Methods In the hospital-based case-control study, 253 patients with BrCa and 267 non-BrCa controls were enrolled. Individual's food consumption was recorded to calculate LLDS using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. In adjusted models, the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of BrCa was estimated by using binary logistic regression. Results Compared with control individuals, BrCa patients significantly had higher waist circumference (WC), first pregnancy age, abortion history, and number of children. In addition, the mean intake of vitamin D supplements and anti-inflammatory drugs in the case group was significantly lower than the control group. Furthermore, after adjusted potential confounders, individuals in the highest vs. lowest quartiles of LLDS showed statistically significant lower risk of BrCa in overall population (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.11–0.43; P trend <0.001), premenopausal (OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10–0.68; P trend = 0.003), and post-menopausal women (OR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.06–0.60; P trend = 0.015). Conclusion Findings of this study reflected that higher LLDS decreased risk of BrCa, but need further investigation in later studies.
Added Value of Computed Tomography Virtual Intravascular Endoscopy in the Evaluation of Coronary Arteries with Stents or Plaques

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a widely used imaging modality for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) but is limited by a high false positive rate when evaluating coronary arteries with stents and heavy calcifications. Virtual intravascular endoscopy (VIE) images generated from CCTA can be used to qualitatively assess the vascular lumen and might be helpful for overcoming this challenge. In this study, one hundred subjects with coronary stents underwent both CCTA and invasive coronary angiography (ICA). A total of 902 vessel segments were analyzed using CCTA and VIE. The vessel segments were first analyzed on CCTA alone. Then, using VIE, the segments were classified qualitatively as either negative or positive for in-stent restenosis (ISR) or CAD. These results were compared, using ICA as the reference, to determine the added diagnostic value of VIE. Of the 902 analyzed vessel segments, CCTA/VIE had sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (shown in %) of 93.9/90.2, 96.2/98.2, 96.0/97.7, 70.0/83.1, and 99.4/99.0, respectively, in diagnosing ISR or CAD, with significantly improved specificity (p = 0.025), accuracy (p = 0.046), and positive predictive value (p = 0.047). VIE can be a helpful addition to CCTA when evaluating coronary arteries.
The Post-Imperial Politics of Security and Depoliticisation: Comparing Discourses and Practices of Ordering Across Central Asia

Abstract In this essay, we build on earlier discussions on the insufficiency of labels such as ‘post-Soviet’ and ‘postcolonial’ for Central Asian regimes and propose a consideration of their particular post-imperial character. We illustrate the usefulness of this lens through an analysis of security and violent conflicts in Central Asia and how governments interpret and present these conflicts. Our discussion draws systematically on existing research on relevant processes in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, allowing us to identify key themes of a post-imperial politics of security and their implications in a comparative perspective.