Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase activities in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during stratified versus mixed conditions

Dissolved organic phosphorus hydrolysis by marine planktonic microorganisms is a key process in the P cycle, particularly in P-depleted, oligotrophic environments. The present study assessed 15 spatio-temporal variations of phosphomonoesterase (PME) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities using concentration kinetics in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during 2 contrasted situations: the end of winter (including a small bloom period), and autumn. The distribution and regulation of the maximum hydrolysis rates (Vm) and half-saturation constants (Km) of both ectoenzymes were assessed in relation to the vertical structure of the epipelagic layers. PME reached their maximum activities (Vm) after 1 20 µM MUF-P addition whereas, for PDE, it was necessary to add up to 50 µM bis-MUF-P to reach saturation state. On average, the Km of PDE was 33 ± 25-times higher than that of the PME. Vm of PME and Vm of PDE were linearly correlated. Conversely to the Km values, Vm were on the
Systemic risk in the banking system: measuring

ARTICLE INFO Olena Bezrodna, Zoia Ivanova, Yulia Onyshchenko, Volodymyr Lypchanskyi and Serhii Rymar (2019). Systemic risk in the banking system: measuring and interpreting the results. Banks and Bank Systems, 14(3), 34-47. doi:10.21511/bbs.14(3). 2019.04 DOI http://dx.doi. org/10.21511/bbs.14(3). 2019.04 RELEASED ON Wednesday, 07 August 2019 RECEIVED ON Monday, 17 June 2019 ACCEPTED ON Monday, 22 July 2019
Evaluation of Cervical Gland Area as Sonographic Predictor of Evaluation of Cervical Gland Area as Sonographic Predictor of Preterm Labor Preterm Labor

Background : Cervical assessment is a principal part of the prediction of preterm labor (PTL). The majority of tests assess cervical length and funnelling. The diminution in cervical length is an essential PTL criterion. The cervical gland area (CGA) is a unique ultrasonographic predictor of preterm birth. Collagen and proteoglycans are modi ﬁ ed by the maturation of the cervical mucosa. Collagen disorganization, decreased collagen concentration, and ampli ﬁ ed water content are hallmarks of the development of the cervix. CGA vanishes from ultrasound imaging as a result of metabolic and water changes. In the second trimester, the absence of these glands can signify cervical maturity and preterm birth. Aim : The purpose was to research to assess the link among the lack of CGA in ultrasonography and risk of preterm delivery. Patients and methods : The research took place at Al-Hussien University Hospital ' s Obstetrics and Gynecology division. A total of 100 expectant mothers participated in the study. Results : The cervical length of the group without CGA was considerably shorter than the cervical length of the group with CGA. While prevalence of preterm was signi ﬁ cantly higher. Cervical length was signi ﬁ cantly lower in preterm group matched to term group, while funneling was signi ﬁ cantly higher. Cervical length and CGA were showed to be signi ﬁ cant markers of preterm delivery. Conclusion : According to our ﬁ ndings, there is a strong correlation among the lack of CGA between weeks 14 and 28, and spontaneous PTL among weeks 35 and 37 of pregnancy. Further study is needed to con ﬁ rm whether or not an absence of CGA is a major predictor of PTL.
Line lists for X 3 (cid:2) − and a 1 (cid:3) vibration-rotation bands of SO

SO is found in several astronomical sources such as the atmospheres of Io and Venus. To complete our work on SO line lists, we used our previous ﬁts for v = 0 to v = 6 for the X 3 (cid:2) - state and v = 0–5 for the a 1 (cid:3) state [JQSRT 272, 107772 (2021)] for line positions, and high-level ab initio calculations of electric dipole moments for line strengths for the vibration-rotation bands. LeRoy’s RKR program was used to produce pointwise potential energy curves. N - and v-dependent dipole matrix elements were produced with LeRoy’s LEVEL program and the ﬁnal line lists were made with Western’s PGOPHER program. All possible vibrational bands were calculated, and the line strengths included the Herman-Wallis effect caused by vibration-rotation interaction.
Batchnorm Allows Unsupervised Radial Attacks

The construction of adversarial examples usually requires the existence of soft or hard labels for each instance, with respect to which a loss gradient provides the signal for construction of the example. We show that for batch normalized deep image recognition architectures, intermediate latents that are produced after a batch normalization step by themselves suffice to produce adversarial examples using an intermediate loss solely utilizing angular deviations, without relying on any label. We motivate our loss through the geometry of batch normed representations and their concentration of norm on a hypersphere and distributional proximity to Gaussians. Our losses expand intermediate latent based attacks that usually require labels. The success of our method implies that leakage of intermediate representations may create a security breach for deployed models, which persists even when the model is transferred to downstream usage. Removal of batch norm weakens our attack, indicating it contributes to this vulnerability. Our attacks also succeed against LayerNorm empirically, thus being relevant for transformer architectures, most notably vision transformers which we analyze.
THE EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BATIK SMES: THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION MEDIATION AND BUSINESS STRATEGY

: This study aims to test, analyze and explain the effect of management capabilities on the performance of Batik SMEs mediated by sustainable innovation and business strategy in East Java, Indonesia. This research's design is explanatory research. The population is 2151UKM, and the sampling is done by using the Proportional random sampling method, using the Slovin formula with a sample size of 164 Batik UKM owners. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods and Partial Least Square (PLS). The findings of this study are that management ability has a significant positive effect on low-cost strategy and differentiation strategy (novelty); management ability has a significant positive effect on the performance of Batik SMEs; continuous innovation has a significant positive effect on low-cost strategies and differentiation strategies; management ability has a significant effect on continuous innovation; Low-cost strategy and differentiation strategy each have a significant effect on the performance of Batik SMEs.
Cross-Ownership, R&D Spillovers, and Antitrust Policy

This paper considers cost-reducing R&D investment with spillovers in a Cournot oligopoly with overlapping ownership. We show that overlapping ownership leads to internalization of rivals’ profits by firms and find that, for demand not too convex, increases in overlapping ownership increase (decrease) R&D and output for high (low) enough spillovers while it increases R&D but decreases output for intermediate levels of spillovers. There is scope for overlapping ownership to improve welfare provided that spillovers are sufficiently large. The socially optimal degree of overlapping ownership increases with the number of firms, with the elasticity of demand and of the innovation function, and with the extent of spillover effects. In terms of consumer surplus standard, the desirability of overlapping ownership is greatly reduced even under low market concentration. When R&D has commitment value and spillovers are high the optimal extent of overlapping ownership is higher. The results obtained are robust in the context of a Bertrand oligopoly model with product differentiation.
on the Antibacterial

: Amidst the pandemic, millions of impoverished Filipinos lack sufficient access to sanitation services that protect them from bacterial infections. As such, this study endeavored to formulate a disinfectant spray of hydrogen peroxide and varying concentrations of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) essential oils to produce a maximally effective solution. Due to their natural origin, these essential oils were chosen for their extensive antibacterial properties, affordable price, and low toxicity levels. Six disinfectant spray solutions containing different concentrations of either essential oil were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria through the agar disk diffusion method. After analyzing the data using mean, standard deviation, and MANOVA, it was found that including cinnamon and lemongrass essential oil had no statistically significant effect on the antibacterial activity of the hydrogen peroxide solution, regardless of the concentration of essential oil used, p > 0.05. However, the lemongrass samples were slightly more effective than the cinnamon solutions. Thus, future researchers are encouraged to investigate other components that can potentially increase the antibacterial activity of a disinfectant spray.
˜Optimal Dynamic Time Warping on Run-Length Encoded Strings ∗

Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance is the optimal cost of matching two strings when extending runs of letters is for free. Therefore, it is natural to measure the time complexity of DTW in terms of the number of runs n (rather than the string lengths N ). In this paper, we give an ˜ O ( n 2 ) time algorithm for computing the DTW distance. This matches (up to log factors) the known (conditional) lower bound, and should be compared with the previous fastest O ( n 3 ) time exact algorithm and the ˜ O ( n 2 ) time approximation algorithm. Our method also immediately implies an ˜ O ( nk ) time algorithm when the distance is bounded by k . This should be compared with the previous fastest O ( n 2 k ) and O ( Nk ) time exact algorithms and the ˜ O ( nk ) time approximation algorithm.
Influence of discretization granularity on learning classification models

Discretization has been widely used in data pre-processing for machine learning algorithms to transform continuous attributes into categorical ones to improve model performance and explainability. Although it is well-known that discretization should maintain the distribution and patterns of the original continuous attribute, the actual influence of the resulting granularity of the various discretization methods on machine learning is largely an open question, both in terms of the number of categories as well as the determined ranges. We study this influence specifically for three classification algorithms through sensitivity analysis of parameters of five discretization methods (both supervised and unsupervised) on five datasets. Empirical results show that the influence of granularity in unsupervised discretization on the performance of classification models is more visible than that in supervised discretization. Specifically, there is a trade-off between classification/discretization bias and variance as the number of intervals increases. In addition, the negative correlation between interval inconsistency and classification accuracy is confirmed through experiments with unsupervised discretization. This research gives insight into how discretization methods and their parameters can be combined with machine learning models to improve model performance.
The Population Divergence and Genetic Basis of Local Adaptation of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja) in China

Glycine soja is the wild relative species of cultivated soybean. In this study, we investigated the population divergence and genetic basis of the local adaptation of wild soybean in China using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of a population of 72 G. soja accessions. Using phylogenetic analysis, we observed that G. soja accessions clustered into three distinct groups, each corresponding to a specific geographic region, the northeastern region (NER), central region (CR), and southern region (SR), consistent with previous studies. Notably, we found a significant positive correlation between genetic and geographic distances. Further population structure analysis revealed each group was associated with an ancestral population and a specific geographic area. By utilizing the genome sequencing data of accessions from 16 different locations, we inferred the population history of these wild soybean groups. Our results indicate that the three groups diverged ~25,000 years ago, coinciding with the time of the last glacial maximum. The effective population size of the SR group expanded first, and subsequently, the NER and CR groups expanded approximately 5000 and 2500 years ago, respectively. Moreover, 83, 104, and 101 significant associated loci (SALs) were identified using genome-wide association analysis for annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, and latitude, respectively. Functional analysis of genes located in SALs highlighted candidate genes related to local adaptation. This study highlights the significant role of geographic isolation and environmental factors in shaping the genetic structure and adaptability of wild soybean populations. Furthermore, it emphasizes the value of wild soybean as a crucial genetic resource for enhancing the adaptability of cultivated soybeans, which have experienced a loss of genetic diversity due to domestication and intensive breeding practices. The insights gained from our research provide valuable information for the protection, conservation, and utilization of this important genetic resource.
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Economics and Finance in Indonesia

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in the economy of Indonesia. The new FDI law passed in 2007 serves as a new milestone in the FDI regime in Indonesia. As the country implements the new regulation, the impact of foreign investment on ﬁrm performance becomes an interesting subject. This paper aims to estimate the effect of foreign investment on the productivity and contribution of ﬁrms in relation to the new FDI law in Indonesia. This study employed a combination of Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Difference-in-Differences (DiD) methods to eliminate endogeneity problems and to examine causality. We discover that foreign investment increases the contribution of ﬁrms in terms of tax and employment yet drives no signiﬁcant change in ﬁrm productivity after the new FDI law came into force. This result implies that foreign investors might have picked already productive domestic ﬁrms; and that other ﬁrms need to increase their level of attractiveness while policymakers need to improve the investment climate in order to attract more FDI.
Inpatient Satisfaction with Health Care Services at 250 Bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh.

Patient satisfaction is an important factor that should be studied frequently as indicated in a PHC based study that was carried out in Saudi Arabia by Majmaah (2014). The main findings of the study showed a high level of satisfaction that has reached 82%. Nurses’ services and care had the highest score of satisfaction in private tertiary hospitals. In the same study, the general satisfaction was found to be high as well.The aim of the study was to assess the level of inpatient satisfaction with health care services at 250 bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh.A descriptive type of cross-sectional design was carried out to Inpatient satisfaction with health care services at 250 bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh. The population was selected 250 patients admitted inpatient department by using a purposive sampling technique was followed for selecting sample in this study. We analyzed 130 patients after fulfill the Inclusion criteria.The overall satisfaction remarked by the respondents were highly 73% satisfied and 27% dissatisfied on the road to I think there is a good relationship between doctors, nurses and other hospital staff and make sufficient for nursing care.These study findings would help to improve the quality of care in order to continue inpatients’ satisfaction. The health care system was one major problem because the economy is not strong enough to provide proper health care services and medications for every individual in country
Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Digital Commons@Georgia Southern

: Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia conorii subspecies conorii and transmitted to humans by Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. The disease was ﬁrst discovered in Tunisia in 1910 and was subsequently reported from other Mediterranean countries. The ﬁrst cases of MSF in the former Soviet Union were detected in 1936 on the Crimean Peninsula. This review summarizes the historic information and main features of MSF in that region and contemporary surveillance and control efforts for this rickettsiosis. Current data pertinent to the epidemiology of the disease, circulation of the ticks and distribution of animal hosts are discussed and compared for each of the countries in the Black Sea basin where
Simpliﬁed Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Combi-Storage Distribution Tank for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage Systems

: This study regards the evaluation of the performance of a thermally stratiﬁed tank as an intermediate combi-storage tank for a solar-driven residential thermal system coupled to a seasonal energy storage system. In such applications, the efﬁcient operation of this intermediate tank is crucial to the enhanced exploitation of the harvested solar energy and the minimization of heat losses. In this perspective, the development of a dedicated model in TRNSYS software and its validation with experimental results are investigated. With respect to the simulation model’s discretization, it was found that beyond 60 nodes, the beneﬁts to the model’s accuracy are almost negligible. Comparing the experimental data with the simulation’s results, the predicted temperature proﬁle converges accurately to the measured values under steady-state conditions (threshold stabilization period of 1000 s after charging/discharging has occurred). However, the response of the model deviates considerably under transient conditions due to the lack of detailed inertia modeling of both the tank and the rest of the system components. Conclusively, the developed 1D simulation model is adequate for on-and off-design models where transient phenomena are of reduced importance, whereas for dynamic and semi-dynamic simulations, more detailed models are needed.
Estimating Systemic Risk in the International Financial System

Using a unique and comprehensive dataset, this paper develops and uses three distinct methods to quantify the risk of a systemic failure in the global banking system. We examine a sample of 334 banks (representing 80% of global bank equity) in 28 countries around 6 global financial crises (such as the Asian and Russian crises and September 11, 2001), and show that these crises did not create large probabilities of global financial system failure. First, we show that cumulative negative abnormal returns for the subset of banks not directly exposed to a negative shock (unexposed banks) rarely exceed a few percent. Second, we use structural models to obtain more precise point estimates of the likelihood of systemic failure. These estimates suggest that systemic risk is limited even during major financial crises. For example, maximum likelihood estimation of bank failure probabilities implied by equity prices suggests the Asian crisis induced less than a 1% increase in the probability of systemic failure. Third, we also obtain estimates of systemic risk implied by equity option prices of U.S. and European banks. The largest values are obtained for the Russian crisis and September 11 and these show increases in estimated average default probabilities of only around 1-2%. Taken together our results suggest statistically significant, but economically small, increases in systemic risk around even the worst financial crises of the last 10 years. Although policy responses are endogenous, the low estimated probabilities suggest that the distress of central bankers, regulators and politicians about the events we study may be overstated, and that current policy responses to financial crises and the existing institutional framework may be adequate to handle major macroeconomic events.
LEMLEM W ORKING P APER S ERIES The Knowledge Complexity of the European Metropolitan Areas: Selecting and Clustering Their Hidden Features

Cities are key places of economic activity, as they produce an enormous amount of wealth compared to the land they cover. Their study is, therefore, of primary importance in understanding the success of nations. Given the many interactions among people that happen within them, cities are well described as complex evolving systems, and a thorough analysis of their economy should be able to deal with this complexity. A likely candidate to grasp the reality of complex evolving systems, such the economy of cities, is the Economic Complexity framework (Hidalgo and Hausmann, 2009), given its capacity to synthesize a large amount of information into a single index. We use patent data to compute the knowledge complexity index (KCI) of European metropolitan areas and describe their economy in terms of their innovative potential. Interpreted as a dimensionality-reduction algorithm, as proposed by Mealy et al. (2019), KCI helps to filter out the background noise from the abundant information produced by the interactions that happen within cities. By extending the work by van Dam et al. (2021), we highlight the relevance of going beyond the first leading eigenvector, to the analysis of which the rest of the literature is limited. We define clusters of similar cities, based on the additional dimensions obtained through this dimensionality-reduction procedure. The introduction of clusters dramatically increases the predicting power of KCI. Under this lens, the Economic Complexity framework is more than a single index: it is a powerful methodology to reveal the organized complexity hidden behind the large amount of chaotic information produced by out-of-equilibrium economic systems such as cities.
Altered functional brain networks in problematic Internet use: resting-state fMRI study

Nowadays, the limitless availability to the World Wide Web can lead to general Internet misuse and dependence. Currently, problematic Internet, smartphone and social media use belong to the most prevalent behavioral addictions. However, the neurobiological background of these Internet related behavioral addictions is not su�ciently explored. In this study, these addiction forms were assessed with self-reported questionnaires. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired for all participants (n=72, 36 males) to examine functional brain networks. The resting-state networks that were discovered using independent component analysis were analyzed to estimate within network differences. Signi�cant negative associations with problematic Internet use, social media addiction and smartphone addiction were found in the language network, the lateral and medial visual networks, the auditory network, the sensorimotor network and the executive network. Our study suggests that problematic Internet, smartphone and social media use can cause alterations in sensory processing and higher cognitive functioning.