Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tolerance of Bermudagrass and Stargrass to Aminocyclopyrachlor

The tolerance of bermudagrass and stargrass to the relatively new herbicide, aminocyclopyrachlor (ACP), must be known before it can be recommended for weed control in these forage systems. Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 in south-central Florida to determine the tolerance of established bermudagrass and stargrass to various rates and combinations of ACP, chlorsulfuron, 2,4-D, triclopyr, and metsulfuron. Overall, bermudagrass and stargrass injury was transient and was minimal by 60 d after treatment (DAT). Similarly, biomass production was negatively affected at 30 DAT when treated with ACP at rates of 70 g ae ha−1 or greater, but was similar to the nontreated control by 60 DAT. Tank-mixing ACP with chlorsulfuron, 2,4-D amine, triclopyr, or metsulfuron did not increase injury compared with ACP alone applied at equivalent rates. Forage nutritive values were unaffected by herbicides. These data suggest that long-term effects of ACP on bermudagrass and stargrass are negligible, and this herbicide could be an important component of weed management programs in these forage systems. Nomenclature: Aminocyclopyrachlor; chlorsulfuron; metsulfuron; triclopyr; bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon L. ; stargrass, Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst. La tolerancia del pasto bermuda y el pasto estrella al herbicida relativamente nuevo, aminocyclopyrachlor (ACP), debe ser conocida antes de poder recomendarlo para el control de malezas en sistemas de forrajes. En 2012 y 2013, se realizaron experimentos de campo en el sur-centro de Florida para determinar la tolerancia de pastizales establecidos de bermuda y estrella a varias dosis y combinaciones de ACP, chlorsulfuron, 2,4-D, triclopyr, y metsulfuron. En general, el daño a los pastos bermuda y estrella fueron transitorios y mínimos a 60 d después del tratamiento (DAT). Similarmente, la producción de biomasa fue negativamente afectada a 30 DAT cuando se trató con ACP a dosis de 70 g ae ha−1 o mayores, pero fue similar al testigo sin tratamiento a 60 DAT. Las mezclas en tanque de ACP con chlorsulfuron, 2,4-D amine, triclopyr, o metsulfuron no aumentaron el daño al compararse con ACP aplicado solo a dosis equivalentes. El valor nutritivo del forraje no fue afectado por los herbicidas. Estos datos sugieren que los efectos a largo plazo de ACP sobre los pastos bermuda y estrella son mínimos, y este herbicida podría ser un componente importante de los programas de manejo de malezas en estos sistemas de forrajes.
Determinant of Tax Aggressiveness and Relationship with Firm Value (Empirical Study Company Listed Go-Public in Indonesia Stock Exchange)

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity, profitability, and solvability on the level of tax aggressiveness with firm value as a control variable. Total sample was 86 non-financial company that implicate tax aggressiveness in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), with purposive sampling, with cross section data period 2007 to 2017. This study using agency theory and signaling theory as the grand theory. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation ModelingPartial Least Square (SEM-PLS). This study uses a SmartPLS 3.0 and must pass outer and inner criteria. The reason why the author choose SmartPLS is because this application program can explain each indicator of the variable, so will be easy to evaluate which indicator that not have the correspondent affect with the dependend variable. The previous studies of ETR showed inconsistent results in various countries. Test results show that liquidity and profitability have a negative and significant influenced with tax aggressiveness. Solvability has a negative and not significant influenced on tax aggressiveness. Firm value has a positive and significant influenced on tax aggressiveness.
Effects of IL-2 and IL-10 on T regulatory cell proliferation in vitro

Objective To explore the promoting effects of IL-2 and IL-10 on Treg proliferation in vitro,and to compare the inhibiting effects of the proliferated Treg on CTL with those of the enriched Treg.Methods After IL-2 or IL-10 was added into the culture system to stimulate Treg proliferation,the Treg cells were counted at 48,96 and 144 h to determine the cytokines' efficacious doses in vitro.After collecting the proliferated Treg,we compared the inhibiting effects of the proliferated Treg on CTL with those of the enriched Treg.Results IL-2 and IL-10 induced Treg proliferation in vitro significantly.IL-2(100 ng/ml)increased the number of Treg cells by 10%,18% and 20% in vitro at 48,96 and 144 h after stimulation.IL-10(150 ng/ml)provided the same inducing effects as IL-2,proving less capable.The proliferated Treg had the same efficacy in inhibiting CTL functions as the enriched Treg(P0.05). Conclusion IL-2 is superior to IL-10 for Treg proliferation in vitro.The proliferated Treg is as efficacious as MACS enriched Treg in inhibiting CTL function.
Synergistic Effect of 2,2 prime ,4,4 prime ,5,5 prime -Hexachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin on Hepatic Porphyrin Levels in the Rat

Deadline: September 1, 1996 For information please contact: Professor Joan Cranmer, Conference Chair Department of Pediatrics-ACH University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences 4301 W. Markham Street, Slot 512 Little Rock, Arkansas 7205-7 1 99 (501) 320-2986 FAX (501) 320-4978 Environmental Health Perspectives * Volume 104, Number 5, May 1996 557 This content downloaded from 195.34. 79.176 on Sat, 21 Jun 2014 11:49:57 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Cardiovascular therapeutics derived from the paracrine biology of adult human progenitor cells

Adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) may repair tissue through the action of secreted factors on endogenous stem/progenitor cells. We determined the effects of MSC-secreted factors on adult cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). Serum-free conditioned medium (CdM) was collected from MSCs isolated by plastic adherence (MSCs) and by magnetic sorting against the p75 nerve-growth factor receptor (p75MSCs). Compared to serum-free medium (α-MEM), CdM significantly increased adult rat CPC proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, led to phosphorylation (Tyr) and nuclear localization of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and was blocked by both AG490, a Janus kinase 2 (Jak2)/STAT3 inhibitor, and Stattic, a specific STAT3 (Tyr) inhibitor. Also signaling through Jak2/STAT3, MSC CdM cytoprotective factors significantly increased survival of hypoxic CPCs compared to α-MEM. Intra-arterial infusion of p75MSC CdM 24 hours after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice significantly reduced myocardial necrosis at 48 hours after MI compared to α-MEM (vehicle). Echocardiography at 1 week after MI demonstrated significantly better cardiac function in p75MSC CdM-treated mice compared to controls. Thus in vivo benefits of MSCs may be derived in part by the action of their secreted factors on CPCs. Epicardial-derived cells are required for cardiac development, support myogenesis through secreted factors and participate in repair and remodeling after injury. We tested whether factors secreted by epicardial-derived precursor cells (EPDCs) would protect jeopardized ischemic myocardium after myocardial infarction and reperfusion (MI-I4R). Human epicardial progenitor cells, isolated from right atrial appendages removed during cardiac bypass surgery, were keratin-positive, epithelial in morphology and expressed TFs associated with proepicardium, epicardium and cardiac development. Upon progenitor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) into EPDCs, concentrated conditioned medium (EPI CdM) was generated. When compared to α-MEM (vehicle), intra-arterial infusion of human EPI CdM led to a reduction in infarct size of 50% in both immunodeficient and immunocompetent MI-I4R mice and improved cardiac function. These in vivo results were evident as early as 24 hours after MI, sustained for at least 1 month, and may derive in part through paracrine protection of jeopardized coronary microvasculature. Our results indicate that EPI CdM or a combination of its ligands may provide an effective treatment for MI. CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPEUTICS DERIVED FROM THE PARACRINE BIOLOGY OF ADULT HUMAN PROGENITOR CELLS
HUMAN KINETICS

Paton, W. D. M. , and Zalmis, E. J. (1948b), "Clinical Potentialities of Certain· Bisquarternary Salts Causing Neuromuscular and Ganglionic Block", ibidem, Volume CLXII, page 810. Penny, C. J., and Shackleton, R. P. W. (1951), "A Case of Eclampsia Treated with Hexamethonium Bromide", The Lancet, Volume II, page 617. Shackleton, R. P. W. (1951), "The Reduction of Surgical Hremorrhage", B,·itish Medical Journal, Volume I, page 1054. Smirk, F. H. (1950a), "Methonium Compounds in High BloodPressure", The Lancet, Volume I, page 346. --(1950b), "Methonium Compounds in Hypertension", The Lancet, Volume II, page 477. --(1950c), "Practical Details of the Methonium Treatment of High Blood Pressure", New Zealand Medical Journal, Volume XLIX, page 637. ---, and Alsta.d, K. S. (1951), "Treatment of Arterial Hypertension by Penta and Hexa-Methonium Salts", British Medical Journal. Volume I, page 1217. Sommerville, "J., and Allan, J. (1951), "A Case of Drug Eruption Induced by Hexamethonium Bromide", British Medical Journal, Volume I, page 864. Turner, R. (1950), "Medical Sympathectomy in Hypertension", The Lancet. Volume II, page 353. --(1951), "The Methonium Compounds", The Practition61', Volume CLXVII, page 541. Werko, L. , Wade, G. , Frlsk,'a Rune, and Eliasch, H. (1951), "Effect of Hexamethonium Bromide In Arterial Hypertension", The Lancet, Volume II, page 470.
CALORIC MEASUREMENTS OF SOME ESTUARINE ORGANISMS

live weight was determined for 51 species of organisms, representing the Ctenophora, Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata, collected irom the shal­ low estuarine system near Beaufort, N.C. Least squares regression analysis showed a highly significant correlation between caloric content per gram dry weight and the percentage organic matter. Decalcification of molluscan tissues did not significan~IY lower caloric values. We observed significant differences for caloric values of species grouped by phylum, and an evolutionary trend toward increasing energy con~nt per gram live weight. We also observed a frequency distribution of energy whIch was skewed toward lower values. Existing publications on the caloric content of organisms (Galley, 1961; Slobodkin and Rich­ man, 1961; Paine, 1964; Cummins, 1967; Brawn, Peer, and Bentley, 1968; Cummins and Wuycheck, 1970) list few species which spend all of or part of their life histories in estuaries. In 1968 we began a survey of the caloric content of estuarine organisms. With knowledge of the caloric content of these species-populations our data on biomass in the shallow system of estua­ ries near Beaufort, N.C. , could be converted to standing crop energy to facilitate the analysis of energy flow in this system. The means for these populations are presented as calories per gram dry weight, per gram ash-free dry weight, and per gram Jive weight to permit investigators who do not have access to a calorimeter to esti­ mate energy units for their estuarine biomass data.
Responses of Corn(Zea mays L.) Nitrogen Status Indicators to Nitrogen Rates and Soil Moisture

Plants usually experience fluctuating water supply during their life cycle due to continuous changes in climatic factors.Soil water content(SWC) is one of the most critical factors affecting nitrogen(N) availability,movement,and uptake by crops.Consequently,SWC levels may confound the assessment of crop N status.The present study compared the sensitivity of tissue N concentration,SPAD readings,Dualex readings,and SPAD/Dualex ratios for assessing corn(Zea mays L.) N status under different water supply conditions.A greenhouse trial was conducted with four N fertilizer application rates(0,50,50+75,and 200 kg ha? 1) and three watering levels(drought,drought followed by rewatering,and fully-watered). Tissue N concentration,SPAD,Dualex,and SPAD/Dualex values were influenced significantly by N rates and by SWC.Tissue N concentration,SPAD,and SPAD/Dualex increased with N rates,whereas Dualex decreased.In the first phase of reaction to drought,tissue N concentration,SPAD and SPAD/Dualex decreased rapidly but Dualex increased;however,the opposite pattern of response was observed in the long term.Under rewatering,tissue N concentration,Dualex and SPAD/Dualex gradually recovered,whereas SPAD values did not change significantly as they did in the drought treatment.There were highly significant relationships between SPAD(r = 0.92),Dualex(r = ? 0.86),or SPAD/Dualex(r = 0.63) and tissue N concentration.However,SPAD and Dualex were better predictors of tissue N concentration under drought conditions(SPAD:r = 0.90;Dualex:r = ? 0.83) than under fully-watered conditions(SPAD:r = 0.39;Dualex:r = ? 0.44) at the end of the trial.Among the indicators,Dualex is better able to discriminate N treatments,with consistent results across SWC levels.
Effect of soil-water condition on morphological plasticity of clonal plant Spartina alterniflora

A common phenomenon in the coastal zone,excavating clamworms on the beach covered with Spartina alterniflora,will create a loose soil structure,reduce the ability of the soil to store water,and ultimately cause a low soil-water condition.Whether we can use these conditions to reduce the invasiveness of Spartina alterniflora,and then provide a solution to control Spartina alterniflora,is an important topic of ecology.Therefore,we simulated three different soil-water conditions,and then measured several parameters of Spartina alterniflora under these conditions,including the morphological and survival parameters,clonal parameters and biomass accumulation and allocation.The results showed that:the soil-water condition had no significant effect on the leaf length and rhizome biomass of Spartina alterniflora(p 0.05),while it had significant effect on the culm height,branching intensity,clonal number alive,survival rate of clones and above-ground biomass(p 0.05);in low soil-water condition,shoot number,stem diameter,above-ground biomass allocation and leaf biomass allocation were significantly lower than the other two groups(p 0.05),while the under-ground biomass allocation was significantly higher than the other two groups(p 0.05);in medium soil-water condition,rhizome length,rhizome node number,above-ground biomass and stem biomass allocation were not significantly different from the other two groups(p 0.05),while significant differences showed between the other two groups(p 0.05);in high soil-water condition,total biomass,stem biomass and root biomass were significantly higher than the other two groups(p 0.05),and the rhizome biomass allocation was significantly lower than the other two groups(p 0.05),while these parameters showed no significant differences between the other two groups(p 0.05). Consequently,we can conclude that moderate soil-water condition benefits the growth and spread of Spartina alterniflora,while low soil soil-water condition inhibits the growth and reproduction of Spartina alterniflora,and thus impacts the continue of its population expansion.
Studies on the Evolutionary Relationship among Eco types of G.max and G.soja in China

A large sample of various geographical and seasonal eco types of G.max and geographical eco types of G.soja in China was evaluated for their morphological characters, allozyme markers, and RFLP markers of cpDNA and mtDNA, which were thought to be neutral to artificial selection,in order to reveal the evolutionary relationship among them. The results obtained were as follows: (1) There existed significant geographical differentiation among regions as well as seasonal differentiation within a region in G.max. The genetic distance between southern China spring type and Northeast China spring type was larger than those among seasonal types within southern China even though the former two were in similar maturity groups. (2) The evolutionary tendency from late maturity to early maturity was detected no matter it was with the geographical or seasonal eco type of G.max . The genetic distances between all types of G.max of the three regions and southern China G.soja population were closer than those between the regional population of G.max and their respective G.soja counterpart, indicating that the primitive southern China G.soja population might be the common ancestor of all the cultivated soybean in the three regions and the original cultivated soybean might differentiate into earlier maturity types with less sensitivity to day length during its dissemination northward.
Effect of growth regulators on senescence of chrysanthemum flowers

The effect of different growth regulators viz. IAA (0.1 ppm), GA 3 (1 ppm), BA (1 ppm) and ABA (0.1 ppm) in vase solutions on various physiological and biochemical aspects were recorded during senescence of the chrysanthemum flowers. The flowers kept in BA showed lesser declines in fresh weight, relative water content, ion leakage, total soluble protein content and lower activity of cell wall hydrolytic and proteolytic enzymes. Conversely, the flowers kept in ABA showed the vice versa. The decrease in metabolic activity along with increased protein inactivation and degradation might have led to the progression of senescence in chrysanthemum flowers.
Impact of Front Line Demonstration on the Yield and Economics of Fenugreek in Southern Rajasthan

India is known as the “Land of Spices. ” It is the largest producer, consumer as well as exporter of spices and spice products in the world. Rajasthan and Gujarat are known as „Seed Spices Bowl‟ and contributes more than 80 % of total seed spices production in India.Out of the total 63 spices grown in India, 20 are being classified as seed spices. Among them, cumin, coriander, fennel and fenugreek are considered as major seed spices. Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenumgraecum L.), belongs to the family Fabaceae, is one of the important seed spices of Rajasthan.
Assessing Avian Diets Using Stable Isotopes I: Turnover of 13C in Tissues

Studies of birds that use stable isotopes as dietary tracers require estimates of how quickly stable isotopes in tissues are replaced by isotopes derived from the diet. However, isotopic turnover rates in animals in general, and birds in particular, are poorly understood. We established the turnover rates of '3C in tissues of grown Japanese Quail (Coturnixjaponica) by switching the diet of an experimental group from a wheat-based (C3) diet to a corn-based (C4) diet and sampled tissues periodically for 212 days. An exponential model described patterns of isotopic turnover in all tissues. Turnover rates for quail tissues were ranked liver > blood > muscle > bone collagen with the half life of carbon ranging from 2.6 days in liver to 173.3 days in bone collagen. A similar diet-switch experiment was conducted on captive American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and feather samples were assayed isotopically. Stable isotope values of crow feathers reflected diet during periods of growth. We suggest that stable isotope analysis could be used to determine relative contributions of endogenous and exogenous nutrient sources for feather growth and egg production in captive and wild birds.
CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF HAEMOCYTES IN ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS BY LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIES

By observations of phase contrast light and electron microscopies,according to granular existence and granular size? refraction? staining reaction? forming way,haemocytes were classified into four type cells:agranular cell in whose cytoplasm there was no granular;large granular cell in whose cytoplasm there were refractile and red stained large granulars;small granular cell in whose cytoplasm there were non refractile and blue stained small granulars;large and small granular intermediate cell in whose cytoplasm there were large and small types granulars.The forming way of small granulars was that the small vacuoles which were released from the Golgi organelle directly became the small granulars.The forming way of large granulars was that the small vacuoles which were released from the Golgi organelle first gathered together,then formed reticulate dense bodies,and finally matured into even dense large granulars.The experimental results showed that three types granular cells independently developed,could respectively be differentiated from agranular cells.
Identification of biofouling biofilms bacterium Pseudoalteromonas issachenkonii YT1305-1 and analysis on chemical constitutents of its metabolites

[Objective] Bacterium YT1305-1 was isolated and identified from biofouling biofilms. As one of the dominant bacteria in biofouling biofilms, metabolites of bacterium YT1305-1 were investigated. [Methods] 16 S rRNA gene analysis, phylogenetic tree analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics were carried on to identify the targeted bacterium. Chemical constituents of the bacterial metabolites were purified through silica column chromatography and identified using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). [Results] There existed dominant bacterial species in biofouling biofilms. Pseudoalteromonas sp. was identified as one of the dominant species in biofouling bacteria. 16 S rRNA analysis showed P. issachenkonii was one the dominant bacterium. The targeted bacterium was named Pseudoalteromonas issachenkonii YT1305-1 and 10 chemicals were identified from its fermentation broth, including 5 Diketopiperazines(DKPs): cyclo(Gly-Ala)(1), cyclo(Pro-Gly)(2), cyclo(Pro-Tyr)(3), cyclo(Leu-4-hydroxyl-Pro)(4), cyclo(Ala-4-hydroxyl-Pro)(5) and uracil(6), thymine(7), thymidine(8), bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate(9), phthalate esters(2-ethyl caproic)(10). [Conclusion] There existed bacterial species that were obviously dominant in quantitative terms in biofouling bioflims. Bacterium YT1305-1 was purified as one of the dominant bacterium. Analysis on its metabolites identified several DKPs, which might influence the formation of biofilms and further the development of biofouling. This investigation provides material basis for biofouling studies.
Soundscape variation from a larval perspective: the case for habitat-associated sound as a settlement cue for weakly swimming estuarine larvae

Settlement is a critical phase in the life history of most benthic marine organisms and has important implications for their survival and reproductive success, and ultimately for pop - ulation and community dynamics. Larval encounter with settlement habitats is likely facilitated through the use of habitat-specific physical and chemical cues, but the scales over which particular habitat-related environmental cues may operate are rarely measured. In Pamlico Sound, North Carolina, USA we used passively drifting acoustic recorders to measure the varia- tion in habitat-related underwater sound, a potential broad-scale settlement cue, at spatio - temporal scales relevant to dispersing bivalve larvae in the estuary. Sound levels increased by up to 30 dB during passage over oyster reefs compared to off-reef soft bottom areas, and sound level fluctuations in the 2000 to 23 000 Hz frequency range closely corresponded to the presence of oyster reef patches below drifters, indicating that sound characteristics could reliably provide a signal of benthic habitat type to planktonic larvae. Using these soundscape measurements and the known descent capabilities of oyster larvae, we demonstrate with a conceptual model that response to habitat-related sound cues is a feasible mechanism for enhanced larval encounter with settlement substrate.