Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histochemical Characterization of the Dorsal Raphe-Periaqueductal Grey Dopamine Transporter Neurons Projecting to the Extended Amygdala

Abstract The dorsal raphe (DR) nucleus contains many tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons which are regarded as dopaminergic (DA) neurons. These DA neurons in the DR and periaqueductal gray (PAG) region (DADR-PAG neurons) are a subgroup of the A10 cluster, which is known to be heterogeneous. This DA population projects to the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and has been reported to modulate various affective behaviors. To characterize, the histochemical features of DADR-PAG neurons projecting to the CeA and BNST in mice, the current study combined retrograde labeling with Fluoro-Gold (FG) and histological techniques, focusing on TH, dopamine transporter (DAT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGlut2). To identify putative DA neurons, DAT-Cre::Ai14 mice were used. It was observed that DATDR-PAG neurons consisted of the following two subpopulations: TH+/VIP– and TH–/VIP+ neurons. The DAT+/TH–/VIP+ subpopulation would be non-DA noncanonical DAT neurons. Anterograde labeling of DATDR-PAG neurons with AAV in DAT-Cre mice revealed that the fibers exclusively innervated the lateral part of the CeA and the oval nucleus of the BNST. Retrograde labeling with FG injections into the CeA or BNST revealed that the two subpopulations similarly innervated these regions. Furthermore, using VGlut2-Cre::Ai14 mice, it was turned out that the TH–/VIP+ subpopulations innervating both CeA and BNST were VGlut2-positive neurons. These two subpopulations of DATDR-PAG neurons, TH+/VIP– and TH–/VIP+, might differentially interfere with the extended amygdala, thereby modulating affective behaviors.
Commercial Motorcycle Ridersâ€™ Knowledge of Road Safety and Effective Use of Personal Protective Equipment in Cameroon

Background: Commercial motorcycle riding remains a quicker transportation option for a time-constrained individual. However, due to ridersâ€™ inadequate knowledge and consciousness on the value of safe riding and usefulness of personal protective equipments (PPE), commercial motorcycle transportation is one of the main causes of road traffic accidents in various cities of Cameroon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of commercial motorcycle riders (aka Okada-men) on road safety, safe riding practices, and the usefulness of PPE in Cameroon. Â Methods: A cross-sectional survey, using structured questionnaires and an interview guide, was conducted in Ndokoti area and Biyem-Assi (Yaounde) neighbourhoods. Â Results: Out of the 300 riders who participated in the survey, 90% were 21â€“40 years old and were educated to secondary level (70%). Only 20% had formal motorcycle riding training and 95% had basic knowledge on PPE. However, 65% of the riders indicated that they never wear any PPE during motorcycle riding. This was obvious as a majority (80%) of the commercial motorcycle riders had little or no knowledge on road safety, road ethics or importance of owning and wearing PPE. Seventy-five percent of the riders were aware of road code and traffic signs, however, 40% confirmed that they have not been respecting traffic lights. This was partly due to inadequate knowledge on road safety, lack of patience, and quest for money. Â Conclusions: Unarguably the use of commercial motorcycle as means of public transportation has impacted significantly on the economy and society. The knowledge of commercial motorcycle riders in Cameroon is found to be inadequate. In view of safety of the riders and their passengers, educational intervention strategies to reduce associated injuries are of utmost importance and need immediate attention.
Exploring the experience of reablement: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis of older people's and carers' views

Abstract Concerns from the worldwide ageing population and evidence of poor‐quality aged care services have highlighted the need to develop innovative models of aged care which are acceptable to older people, economically sustainable and are safe. Reablement is a relatively new model for aged care that aims to support older people's desires to age independently in their usual place of residence and decrease dependency on aged care services. This qualitative evidence synthesis aimed to explore the experiences of older people and their carers (formal and informal) towards a reablement model of community aged care to ensure services are considerate of older people's needs. A systematic search was conducted across six electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar) from 1990 to September 2021. Qualitative research exploring older people and their carers' experiences and perceptions of the reablement model used in community aged care services were identified. Nineteen articles were included in the synthesis following the screening of 668 abstracts and 56 full texts. Included articles were subject to quality assessment, and the data were synthesised using thematic synthesis. Three analytical themes were generated from the thematic synthesis; (i) reablement is a shift in approach to aged care, (ii) difficulties in developing tangible and meaningful reablement goals, (iii) reablement improves health and well‐being. Reablement is generally well‐received by older people and their informal carers. However, poor engagement from older people did occur when they had a poor understanding of their role in reablement and when they had not been fully consulted regarding their reablement goals. Current and future reablement services for older people should focus on ensuring an awareness of the processes and principles of reablement and collaboration between practitioner, the older person and their carer when developing goals to increase engagement.
Basilar, skull and facial fractures in 2nd row occupants by crash type with a focus on side and rear impacts

Abstract Objective Field data was analyzed to assess the risk of basilar, skull and facial fractures in 2nd row occupants by crash type. The study determined the rate of fractures in seriously injured (MAIS 3 + F) occupants to establish priorities for 2nd row occupant safety. Methods Field accident data on seriously injured (MAIS 3+) occupants was determined using 1993-2015 NASS-CDS and 2017-19 CISS by crash type identified with damage area variables for non-ejected occupants in the 2nd row. Occupants with serious head and face injuries (AIS 3+) were subdivided by fractures to the skull, basilar skull and face. Moderate-to serious (AIS 2+) orbit fractures were included. The rate of injury was determined. Individual electronic cases were analyzed for occupants with basilar fracture in rear and side impacts. Results The proportion of 2nd row occupants with AIS 3+ head and face injury was highest at 73.7% in rear impacts followed by side impacts at 54.2% for those with MAIS 3 + F injury. Basilar fractures (AIS 3+) occurred in 53.9% of 2nd row occupants with skull fracture in rear impacts but only 20.3% in side impacts. Overall, basilar fractures occurred in 10.8% of 2nd row occupants with serious injury (MAIS 3 + F) in rear impacts and 2.7% in side impacts. The frequency of AIS 3+ facial fractures was highest in side impacts (40.2%) and lowest (7.6%) in rear impacts. Conclusions While basilar skull fractures are rare in 2nd row occupants, at 0.083% in rear and 0.044% in side impacts, they represent 53.9% of 2nd row occupants with a skull fracture and serious injury in rear impacts and 20.3% in side impacts. The mechanism of injury is different in rear and side impacts, but frequently involves multi-impact crashes, severe impacts, intrusion into the seating area and head impact on hard surfaces.
RETAIL MARKETING OF FRUITS & VEGETABLES IN INDIA: A CASE STUDY ON EXPORT OF GRAPES FROM ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA*

To develop an innovative technique to apply retail marketing and export of grape improvement techniques to a complete supply chain from farm to consumer. Design/ methodology/approach - Action research based on a Andhra Pradesh case study involving Post harvest loss in grapes for export market. Findings - Export market highlights significant opportunities to improve fruits supply chain performance, export perspective, profitability and relationships. Originality value - Drawing on both primary and secondary data, the paper examines how increasing demand and marketing costs, wastage impact on grape grower returns. Development of supply chain improvement methodology.
Rootstock–scion combination contributes to shape diversity and composition of microbial communities associated with grapevine root system

Summary To alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses and enhance fruit yield, many crops are cultivated in the form of grafted plants, in which the shoot (scion) and root (rootstock) systems of different species are joined together. Because (i) the plant species determines the microbial recruitment from the soil to the root and (ii) both scion and rootstock impact the physiology, morphology and biochemistry of the grafted plant, it can be expected that their different combinations should affect the recruitment and assembly of plant microbiome. To test our hypothesis, we investigated at a field scale the bacterial and fungal communities associated with the root system of seven grapevine rootstock–scion combinations cultivated across 10 different vineyards. Following the soil type, which resulted in the main determinant of the grapevine root microbial community diversity, the rootstock–scion combination resulted more important than the two components taken alone. Notably, the microbiome differences among the rootstock–scion combinations were mainly dictated by the changes in the relative abundance of microbiome members rather than by their presence/absence. These results reveal that the microbiome of grafted grapevine root systems is largely influenced by the combination of rootstock and scion, which affects the microbial diversity uptaken from soil.
Whole‐brain dynamics differentiate among cisgender and transgender individuals

How the brain represents gender identity is largely unknown, but some neural differences have recently been discovered. We used an intrinsic ignition framework to investigate whether there are gender differences in the propagation of neural activity across the whole‐brain and within resting‐state networks. Studying 29 trans men and 17 trans women with gender incongruence, 22 cis women, and 19 cis men, we computed the capability of a given brain area in space to propagate activity to other areas (mean‐ignition), and the variability across time for each brain area (node‐metastability). We found that both measurements differentiated all groups across the whole brain. At the network level, we found that compared to the other groups, cis men showed higher mean‐ignition of the dorsal attention network and node‐metastability of the dorsal and ventral attention, executive control, and temporal parietal networks. We also found higher mean‐ignition values in cis men than in cis women within the executive control network, but higher mean‐ignition in cis women than cis men and trans men for the default mode. Node‐metastability was higher in cis men than cis women in the somatomotor network, while both mean‐ignition and node‐metastability were higher for cis men than trans men in the limbic network. Finally, we computed correlations between these measurements and a body image satisfaction score. Trans men's dissatisfaction as well as cis men's and cis women's satisfaction toward their own body image were distinctively associated with specific networks in each group. Overall, the study of the whole‐brain network dynamical complexity discriminates gender identity groups, functional dynamic approaches could help disentangle the complex nature of the gender dimension in the brain.
Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer in sheep: Effects of embryo developmental stage and quality on viability in vivo under farm conditions

Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) technologies are integral to genetic improvement programs in the sheep industries. Despite the protocols being well established, previous findings regarding the effects of embryo properties on MOET success remain contradictory. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of embryo developmental stage and quality on embryo viability following transfer to recipient ewes. Data including details of 377 embryos collected from 45 Merino donor ewes were obtained from MOET trials conducted on three separate farms on day 6 after laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI). A total of 270 embryos were classified as being of transferrable grade (grade 1: n = 233; grade 2: n = 37). One or two transferrable grade embryos were transferred to each of 256 synchronised recipient ewes and pregnancy diagnosis was performed on day 36 after embryo transfer. Embryos at the hatched blastocyst stage tended to have greater viability in vivo compared to embryos at the late morula stage (59.0 ± 10.6% vs. 36.2 ± 9.7%; P = 0.083). The viability of grade 1 embryos was greater than that of grade 2 embryos (53.6 ± 7.8% vs. 35.9 ± 10.2%; P < 0.05). The results suggest that the success of the MOET trials was influenced by the transfer of embryos at the late morula stage, almost half of which were classified as grade 2 embryos. These findings highlight the importance of following strict embryo quality grading criteria to inform the most economical management of recipient ewes and maximize pregnancy outcomes.
An experimental investigation of tsunami forces on coastal structures

This thesis explores the complex fluid interactions between inundating long-period waves and buildings. Several aspects of these are found to be poorly described in the literature, particularly the flow conditions around, and forces applied to, emergent structures. Numerical models capable of reproducing the propagation phase of tsunami waves reliably are insufficiently detailed to capture the complex behaviour near structures. They also have no means of directly determining the force on a building, are agnostic to its presence and often lack reliable validation data. By critically reviewing the literature this thesis shows that experimental modelling to date has been confined to short-wave tests, commonly using paddle type wavemakers, which are not comparable to tsunami waves at scale. These experiments form the basis of many current design guidelines. The loading imposed by long-period wave inundation on buildings is characterised through experimental modelling and development of a simple numerical model capable of predicting the force on a building. Large-scale testing with a novel pneumatic long-wave generator and complementary smaller-scale steady-flow experiments are carried out. The experiments are unique and examine onshore long-wave inundation loading on emergent bodies at wave periods never before tested in a laboratory. Significant differences between the loading regime of long- and short-period waves are observed in the experiments, demonstrating that short-period waves are insuf- ficient models for tsunami inundation. The experiments to date also represent the only known database of long-period wave tests at scale which are representative of actual tsunami periods, so can provide an excellent validation resource for numerical models. The numerical model presented within this thesis is novel because of its inclusion of flow blocking and drag to estimate forces on buildings. It is firstly applied to steady experiments which are used to parameterise the drag inclusion, secondly to externally published unsteady bore/surge experiments and finally to a set of largescale unsteady long-period wave experiments. Results of this very simple model show that it performs very well in all three situations examined in this thesis. Excellent estimations of measured full-body force on a blockage, as well as the flow conditions around it are achieved.
Non linear acoustic applied to the concrete study

To characterize concrete, ultrasonic sound is a tool that has been developed to access damage and cracking. Its heterogeneity and the scales of sizes of micro-structural elements are necessary to consider a wide range of tools for characterization. We define the parameters that can be extracted from the wave propagation and vibration conditions into a beam in the laboratory. The scale measures are specified and the importance of each test condition is explained. We focus on nonlinear acoustics which is particularly appropriate for monitoring the developments on the mesoscopic scale. We study the conditions for harmonic generation and modulation, and specify the possibilities of working with energy. The beams in some cases are cracked over a determined length. The findings present the advantages of this technique and the difficulties inherent to their on site implementation.
Statistical modelling and Bayesian inference for match outcomes and team behaviour in association football

This thesis presents advances in modelling and inference for match outcomes in the association football English Premier League. We firstly extend earlier models by introducing a behavioural aspect which can be used to investigate how teams react to the state of play in a match. We show that the model, in its simplest form, outperforms existing models and is able to select a portfolio of profitable bets against a bookmaker. Secondly, we introduce a dynamic component to the model by allowing team ability parameters to vary stochastically in time. We employ particle filtering methods to cope with a mixture of static and dynamic parameters and find that the updating of posterior distributions is particularly fast, a necessary attribute should we wish to update parameter estimates while matches are in-play. Furthermore, it is shown that the methods are able to recover model parameters based on simulated league data. Finally, we propose an extension to the model so that we are able to investigate how a team modifies its behaviour based on their league situation. We consider league positions that are closely attainable and suggest that since teams modify their behaviour based on their current league position, outcomes of different matches are not necessarily independent.
INCORPORATING EMPLOYER AND STUDENT ASSESSMENTS INTO A GRADUATE ATTRIBUTE ASSESSMENT PLAN

When faced with assessing the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) graduate attributes, most programs will start by focusing on instructor assessments. Course instructors are uniquely positioned to assess their students’ learning, and instructor assessments are sufficient to meet CEAB accreditation requirements. However, for a full picture, data from multiple sources is always desirable. At the University of Victoria, we have chosen to include co-op employer and student assessments in our graduate attribute assessment plan. In this paper, we present the assessment tools we have identified and created, and outline the system we have developed to sustainably produce assessment reports every term for every program. We highlight some of the challenges we have faced, and conclude by discussing our future plans
An English scale for measuring mobile phone appropriation: Translation and assessment

: The mobile phone appropriation (MPA) scale, originally developed in German, was translated into and adapted to English and initially validated through a confirmatory factory analysis (CFA) in this study. First, the theoretical background of the MPA model is briefly introduced, followed by explanations regarding the process of translating the original German scale into English (and its back-translation). English data CFA results are dis-cussed in comparison with the CFA results from the most recent German data. The results indicate that the English MPA scale has promising validity. The addition of measurement items for the usage of web applications in the English and German MPA scales is expected to contribute to ongoing research efforts of comparing mobile phone appropriation patterns with and across different social and cultural groups in English-speaking contexts. Items zur App-Nutzung kann die Skala auch weiterhin zur Untersuchung von Aneig-nungsmustern der Mobilkommunikation in und zwischen verschiedenen kulturellen Grup-pen im englischsprachigen Kontext dienen.
ANALISIS PENGARUH INVESTASI, PDRB, JUMLAH PENDUDUK, PENERIMAAN PEMBANGUNAN, DAN INFLASI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

Mark sense application autonomousing to expected region gets to give facility to region to even out its own housewifery, also give room opportunity for region to dig up and mendayagunakan is proprietary potency optimal ala. PAD as one of accepting region reflects to increase region independence. The greater PAD therefore points out that region progressively is able to dig up and utilizes source those are at its region. To the effect that wants to be reached in this research is menganalisis affecting investment, PDRB, population, Development acceptance, and inflation to PAD. Observed data in this research is time series's data with runtut time 1980 2007. Estimation model that is utilized is bifilar regression that ditranspormasikan goes to to form logarithm.
SIMILARITY-BASED WEB QUERIES

The Web of Data aims that all data on the Web is well-structured, interlinked and machine-readable. Oftentimes the eﬀorts are focused on textual and encyclopaedic data. However, the Web is a rich collection of multi-modal data with various formats, encodings and even languages at various levels of usefulness and trustworthiness. In this work we develop and propose diﬀerent means to include more diverse data on the Web, as well as novel methods to access and navigate it. In this work we study diﬀerent problems that arise when considering heterogeneous data and how similarity-based algorithms, queries and grouping can help solve them. Along these lines, we innovate in three areas: (1) we propose a novel heuristic to solve approximated similarity joins, (2) we introduce and implement an extension to SPARQL (the standard query language for the Web of Data) that includes a similarity join operator, and (3) we make use of these techniques to improve an existing linked dataset of images and to implement a clustering extension for SPARQL. Our contribution is composed of the following: ﬁrst, we recognise that similarity joins based on nearest neighbours are algorithmically harder to solve than those based on threshold distances, and thus propose an approximated heuristic with subquadratic worst case; second, we bring together the Web of Data with Multimedia Databases, by thoroughly deﬁning a new algebraic operator for SPARQL, along with detailed syntax and semantics, and providing an implementation built on top of Apache Jena; third, we leverage what was learnt to improve IMGpedia, a linked dataset with static similarity relations among Wikimedia images, in a way that users can perform more expressive queries and dynamically compute similarity relations that are not currently present in the data; ﬁnally, we implement an old proposal to include clustering of query solutions natively in SPARQL, updating this deﬁnition so that it works with SPARQL 1.1. The value of this work lies in that, besides just supporting new operations and kinds of queries, it presents the potential to impact other areas within the Web of Data such as Data Integration, Entity Linking and Query Relaxation. We also that for the Web of Data to become images, such as their related web resources and their similar images. Finally we present some future directions in which we foresee the IMGpedia project developing and possible ways in which it might contribute to existing Wikimedia projects.