Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sulfur Metabolism as a Promising Source of New Antifungal Targets

Fungal infections are a growing threat to human health. Despite their clinical relevance, there is a surprisingly limited availability of clinically approved antifungal agents, which is seriously aggravated by the recent appearance and fast spread of drug resistance. It is therefore clear that there is an urgent need for novel and efficient antifungals. In this context, metabolism is recognized as a promising source for new antifungal targets and, indeed, there are new drugs in development that target metabolic pathways. Fungal sulfur metabolism is particularly interesting, as many of its processes are essential for viability and/or pathogenicity and it shows substantial differences with human metabolism. This short-review will summarize our current knowledge of sulfur-related genes and routes that are important for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence, which consequently could be pursued for drug development.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARM MUSCLE STRENGTH, MUSCLE ENDURANCE, BALANCE AND DRAW FORCE LENGTH ON ARCHERY PERFORMANCE

Archery is a type of sport which participants release the arrow after aiming the target. The shot of an arrow must be accurate to the highest score on the target face. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the most the most contributing variable in archery performance. Methodology: A total of 31 females and males, aged between 13 – 18 years old from Pusat Latihan Negeri Unit Sukan Prestasi Tinggi, Majlis Sukan Negeri, Negeri Sembilan participated in this study. They were involved in different level of achievement in archery competition, ranging from beginner until expert archers. They were also free from any injuries. The participants engaged in three test, which were arm muscle strength test, push-up test, stork balance stand test. Result: The Pearson correlation analysis showed there was significant relationship among variable measured. In addition, regression analysis showed the arm muscle strength and muscle endurance were the most contributed variable in archery performance. Findings and discussion: These elements can be indicators of an archer’s skill level and can be applied as important parameter to select potential archers and also assessment of archer’s performance. The time taken to develop the archer to become an expert archer can be shortening due to focusing on important variables.
dvances in Liver Echinococcosis : Diagnosis and Treatment

p n r c s chinococcosis or hydatid cyst disease is a zoonosis caused y the larval cestode Echinococcus granulosus. It consists of a arasitic tapeworm disease affecting mainly liver. Nevertheess, the disease might well spread to more unusual sites uch as lungs and brain. The definitive diagnosis of liver chinococcosis requires a combination of imaging, seroogic, and immunologic studies. Despite the fact that a umber of scolecoidal agents have been developed against iver hydatid disease, the cornerstone of the definitive treatent remains surgery. Both the classic surgical techniques nd the recently developed minimally invasive and laparocopic methods target the eradication of the disease by imultaneously avoiding perioperative spillage and dissemnation or recurrence of echinococcosis. The present article onstitutes a review of the biology of the parasite as well as he epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic options of the iver hydatid disease.
Systematic Review of Intervention Studies to Foster Sustainable Employability Core Components: Implications for Workplace Promotion

This review aims to outline the effectiveness of employer-initiated workplace interventions in promoting sustainable employability (SE), which means developing workers’ capabilities to foster productivity, health, and valuable work in the long term. A systematic search of the literature is performed in three databases covering the period from January 1999 to February 2022. Fourteen studies are included. Considering SE core components, all interventions cover the valuable work component in terms of content, and the majority also cover the health component. Interventions addressing at least three SE components have more positive effects on SE outcomes. More positive effects are found for valuable work outcomes. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of developing workplace interventions considering a comprehensive model of SE and promoting an organizational culture for SE. Future directions and limits are discussed.
Effect of the in vitro activity of a component derived from Thymus vulgaris essential oil and tilmicosin on different strains of Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp and Escherichia coli isolated from bovine mastitis

ABSTRACT Currently, resistance to antibiotics and the high production of bacterial biofilm have led to the search for new therapeutic alternatives in the veterinary area. The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of thymol (a bactericidal component of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris) and tilmicosin, and mixtures of both substances, on strains of Staphylococcus sp. , Streptococcus sp. and Escherichia coli isolated from cases of bovine mastitis, showing a high production of biofilm in gram-positive bacteria and resistance to aminoglycosides, while gram-negative bacteria a moderate production of biofilm and resistance to ampicillin. An additive effect was obtained with the active mixtures in the three bacterial genera.
Present‐Day Motion of the Arabian Plate

The present‐day motions in and around the Arabian plate involve a broad spectrum of tectonic processes including plate subduction, continental collision, seafloor spreading, intraplate magmatism, and continental transform faulting. Therefore, good constraints on the relative plate rates and directions, and on possible intraplate deformation, are crucial to assess the seismic hazard at the boundaries of the Arabian plate and areas within it. Here we combine GNSS‐derived velocities from 168 stations located on the Arabian plate with a regional kinematic block model to provide updated estimates of the present‐day motion and internal deformation of the plate. A single Euler pole at 50.93 ± 0.15°N, 353.91 ± 0.25°E with a rotation rate of 0.524 ± 0.001°/Ma explains well almost all the GNSS station velocities relative to the ITRF14 reference frame, confirming the large‐scale rigidity of the plate. Internal strain rates at the plate‐wide scale (∼0.4 nanostrain/yr) fall within the limits for stable plate interiors, indicating that differential motions are compensated for internally, which further supports the coherent rigid motion of the Arabian plate at present. At a smaller scale, however, we identified several areas within the plate that accommodate strain rates of up to ∼8 nanostrain/yr. Anthropogenic activity and possible subsurface magmatic activity near the western margin of the Arabian plate are likely responsible for the observed local internal deformation. Put together, our results show a remarkable level of stability for the Arabian lithosphere, which can withstand the long‐term load forces associated with active continental collision in the northeast and breakup to the southwest with minimal internal deformation.
Evaluating Top-N Recommendations Using Ranked Error Approach: An Empirical Analysis

Evaluation metrics or measures are necessary tools for evaluating and choosing the most appropriate modeling approaches within recommender systems. However, evaluation measures can sometimes fall short when evaluating recommendation lists that best match users’ top preferences. A possible reason for this shortcoming is that most measures mainly focus on the list-wise performance of the recommendations and generally do not consider the item-wise performance. As a result, a recommender system might apply a weak or less accurate modeling approach instead of the best one. To address these challenges, we propose a new evaluation measure that incorporates the rank order of a prediction list with an error-based metric to make it more powerful and discriminative and thus more suited for top-N recommendations. The main goal of the proposed metric is to provide recommender systems, developers and researchers an even better tool, which enables them to choose the best modeling approach possible, and hence maximizing the quality of top-N recommendations. To evaluate the proposed metric and compare its general properties against existing metrics, we perform extensive experiments with detailed empirical analysis. Our experiments and the analysis show the usefulness, effectiveness and feasibility of the new metric.
Non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of citrus waste (orange peel)

ABSTRACT The development of industries requires energy sources. Therefore, the requirement for alternative renewal energy sources increases. They are solar, wind, wave, geothermal, and biomass. For the generation of energy from these sources, we apply thermochemical and biochemical methods. Amidst all the thermochemical origins, pyrolysis is advancing attention due to its ability to produce solid, liquid, and gaseous products. This article represents the non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis (573 -1173K) experiments conducted in a semi-batch reactor and TGA set up for citrus wastes (orange peel) collected from the local fruit juice seller outlet. The effect of catalysts observed and concluded that the presence of catalysts increases the yield of pyro-oil (30.79 wt.%→ 49.45 wt.%) with ZnO nanocatalyst to be the best performing catalyst. Reaction kinetics were also determined using isothermal and non-isothermal methods. The pH values of the pyro-oil investigated and observed that citrus waste pyro-oil is acidic, but the presence of catalyst makes it basic. The GC analysis of the pyro-gas infers that the gas contains CO and H2, which can be used as an energy source and feedstock for the Fischer–Tropsch process. Therefore, the utility of this type of pyrolyser is done in municipal areas of large cities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Implications of Vaccines in Older Populations

Mean longevity is increasing worldwide, with major consequences for public health worldwide, as the global population of adults aged over 65 years now exceeds the number of children under 5 for the first time in history. The ageing process over the life course is extremely heterogeneous, and it will be important to promote and enhance healthy ageing worldwide. Vaccination is a key player in the healthy ageing process, both at the individual and the community level. We review here the contribution of vaccines to individual and community health. At an individual level, we highlight the prevention of infectious diseases, as well as other, less well-known benefits of vaccination, such as modulation of the inflammatory process. We then underline the importance of vaccination in achieving herd immunity and reducing the transmission of pathogens in the community. Finally, at a community level, another important benefit of vaccination is the reduction in antimicrobial resistance. Taken together, these effects contribute to ensuring the best health, for the greatest number, for the longest time possible.
Dynamic Hip Screw Plate Length in Stable Intertrochanteric Fracture Neck of Femur: A Systematic Review

There has always been a debate between the use of four and two-hole plate for the fixation of stable intertrochanteric fractures. The choice is usually influenced by the general practice of the particular institution and the surgeon’s preference. While the dynamic hip screw (DHS) is the implant of choice for stable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur, the length of the side plate to be chosen for optimal results has no clear consensus and previous studies regarding the same have been inconclusive. In our systematic review, we aimed to review the evidence available on the selection of the optimal length of the side plate and bridge the glaring gap that exists in the literature. Our systematic review included a thorough search of databases like PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, using the Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We included both clinical and biomechanical studies satisfying our search criteria on two- and four-hole DHS implants. A total of 4556 results were obtained from the above databases, sorting out led to final 15 studies on the topic. It was found that the two-hole DHS implant was inferior in terms of lab-controlled biomechanical properties, while only having a slight advantage in terms of real-life postoperative blood transfusions and operative time. At the same time, the two-hole plate was similar to the four-hole plate in other clinical parameters. In this study, the two-hole plate while appearing promising in a few areas did fall short in other aspects like biomechanical studies, and the use should be reserved for cases where a four-hole plate cannot be used until further randomised control trials are carried out.
Characterization of GABA-Transaminase Gene from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) and Its Role in Salt Stress Tolerance

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been reported to accumulate in plants when subjected to salt stress, and GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) is the main GABA-degrading enzyme in the GABA shunt pathway. So far, the salt tolerance mechanism of the GABA-T gene behind the GABA metabolism remains unclear. In this study, the cDNA (designated MuGABA-T) of GABA-T gene was cloned from mulberry, and our data showed that MuGABA-T protein shares some conserved characteristics with its homologs from several plant species. MuGABA-T gene was constitutively expressed at different levels in mulberry tissues, and was induced substantially by NaCl, ABA and SA. In addition, our results demonstrated that exogenous application of GABA significantly reduced the salt damage index and increased plant resistance to NaCl stress. We further performed a functional analysis of MuGABA-T gene and demonstrated that the content of GABA was reduced in the transgenic MuGABA-T Arabidopsis plants, which accumulated more ROS and exhibited more sensitivity to salt stress than wild-type plants. However, exogenous application of GABA significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and alleviated the active oxygen-related injury of the transgenic plants under NaCl stress. Moreover, the MuGABA-T gene was overexpressed in the mulberry hairy roots, and similar results were obtained for sensitivity to salt stress in the transgenic mulberry plants. Our results suggest that the MuGABA-T gene plays a pivotal role in GABA catabolism and is responsible for a decrease in salt tolerance, and it may be involved in the ROS pathway in the response to salt stress. Taken together, the information provided here is helpful for further analysis of the function of GABA-T genes, and may promote mulberry resistance breeding in the future.
Solidification cracking test of aluminium alloy 5052

The recently developed transverse-motion weldability (TMW) test, in which a motor pushes the lower sheet in lap welding at velocity V to induce solidification cracking, has been applied to the 2000-, 6000- and 7000-series Al alloys but not the 5000-series. Here, alloy 5052 was TMW-tested under essentially identical conditions including the motor torque that caused the pushing force on the lower sheet. Surprisingly, the fracture surface of the fusion zone was flat instead of dendritic as expected from solidification cracking. When the torque was set at lower levels, a higher V was required to cause cracking, but the fracture surface became dendritic. The torque effect on cracking in alloy 5052 was discussed, and alloy 2219 was also tested for comparison.
"Sverigespecifikt" humankapital och ungdomars etablering på arbetsmarknaden *

Ungdomar med utlandsk bakgrund arbetar i lagre grad och ar arbetslosa och studerar i hogre utstrackning jamfort med andra ungdomar. I denna artikel undersoks for forsta gangen i vilken man dessa skillnader kan forklaras av tillgangen till ”Sverigespecifikt” humankapital. Resultaten visar att vistelsetiden i Sverige och aldern vid invandring har betydelse for ungdomarnas situation pa arbetsmarknaden, men att oforklarade skillnader kvarstar trots att vi kunnat kontrollera for kunskaper i svenska spraket, utbildning, bostadsort och familjebakgrund. For ungdomar som ar fodda i Sverige okar till exempel risken att vara arbetslos ‐ jamfort med att arbeta ‐ med en dryg tredjedel om nagon av foraldrarna ar fodd utomlands.
Developing Poetry as a Research Methodology with Rarer Forms of Dementia: Four Research Protocols

People living with rarer forms of dementia tend to have progressive cognitive symptoms affecting skills other than memory and/or onset before the age of 65 years. They are often misdiagnosed and due to symptom profile or age of onset, do not usually fit well with care pathways designed for older people with typical Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia. Although the arts have been increasingly used as interventions to support people with dementia, there is very little attention given to rarer dementia forms in arts and health research or practice. The objective of the present international study seeks to systematically explore four diverse forms of poetry writing within this population through virtual and in-person small and large group formats. Our approach includes investigating poetic processes as methodology through the lens of an arts-based methodological approach in order to explore how poems construct knowledge and a felt experience. We will also use more traditional qualitative approaches to understand the experience of writing, reading and listening to poetry as an intervention that can be used with different rarer forms of dementia. To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first study to explore poetry using multiple research protocols. The results will have implications for methodology development, co-constructed poetic inquiry and multiple opportunities for involving poetry in supporting people with dementia and family members.
Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Patients with Cirrhosis – New Challenges

Background Hospital acquired infections (HAI) in the cirrhotic patients contribute to hepatic decompensation. With emergence of bacterial drug resistance, designing the treatment protocol of HA infection has become the foremost challenge. Purpose To analyze the resistance pattern of organisms isolated from hospital-acquired (HA) infections and determine appropriate antibiotics treatment protocols for these infections. Study Design A prospective hospital based observational study was undertaken. Patients and Methods The present study was conducted over 18 months at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Patients with suspected HA infections were subjected to clinical, hematological and microbiological evaluation. Antibiotic sensitivity evaluation was undertaken for the bacteria isolated from these patients. Results During the study period, 398 patients with cirrhosis were 472 times admitted to the hospital for treatment. Out of these patients, 40 patients were diagnosed with 50 HA infections. Fifty five different organisms were isolated from these infections. It was found that these 55 bacteria isolates comprised 30 (54.54%) gram-negative (GN) and 25 (45.45%) gram-positive (GP) bacteria. Quite seriously, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were detected in 40% and 58% of GN and GP infections respectively. A total of 36 (65.4%) and (14.5%) 8 out of 55 isolated organisms exhibited multi–drug resistance (MDR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR) behavior, respectively. Conclusion Cirrhosis patients with HA infection possess higher prevalence of MDR and XDR infections. In such sick patients, cephalosporin and quinolones are not the appropriate empirical antibiotics. Herein, we propose a tigecycline with carbapenem like meropenem and vancomycin based empirical antibiotics protocol to be prescribed for such patients. De-escalation is advised after the culture sensitivity report is obtained.
Real-Time Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation Without GPU

Single-image depth estimation represents a longstanding challenge in computer vision and although it is an ill-posed problem, deep learning enabled astonishing results leveraging both supervised and self-supervised training paradigms. State-of-the-art solutions achieve remarkably accurate depth estimation from a single image deploying huge deep architectures, requiring powerful dedicated hardware to run in a reasonable amount of time. This overly demanding complexity makes them unsuited for a broad category of applications requiring devices with constrained resources or memory consumption. To tackle this issue, in this paper a family of compact, yet effective CNNs for monocular depth estimation is proposed, by leveraging self-supervision from a binocular stereo rig. Our lightweight architectures, namely PyD-Net and PyD-Net2, compared to complex state-of-the-art trade a small drop in accuracy to drastically reduce the runtime and memory requirements by a factor ranging from $2\times $ to $100\times $ . Moreover, our networks can run real-time monocular depth estimation on a broad set of embedded or consumer devices, even not equipped with a GPU, by early stopping the inference with negligible (or no) loss in accuracy, making it ideally suited for real applications with strict constraints on hardware resources or power consumption.
Operating outside the spirit of the law: How police employ “legal” standards to justify questionable searches and seizures

The Fourth Amendment protects individuals against unreasonable searches and seizures. Over the years, court precedents have guided determinations of reasonableness and provided a legal structure for police to follow. In two influential decisions, the Supreme Court validated pretextual traffic stops in which the motorist committed a minor traffic violation (Whren v United States, 1996), and established the standard of reasonable suspicion for brief investigatory stops and limited weapon searches (Terry v Ohio, 1968). Using 42 suppression motions filed in a US state, we examine whether and how police apply these legal parameters to case patterns to justify stops, searches and seizures. We find that police use pretexts to justify traffic stops, and often rely on conclusory and laconic descriptions to support determinations of reasonable suspicion. Although often upheld by courts, these applications of the law are contrary to the spirit of the Fourth Amendment.
Upregulated Proteasome Subunits in COVID-19 Patients: A Link with Hypoxemia, Lymphopenia and Inflammation

Severe COVID-19 disease leads to hypoxemia, inflammation and lymphopenia. Viral infection induces cellular stress and causes the activation of the innate immune response. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is highly implicated in viral immune response regulation. The main function of the proteasome is protein degradation in its active form, which recognises and binds to ubiquitylated proteins. Some proteasome subunits have been reported to be upregulated under hypoxic and hyperinflammatory conditions. Here, we conducted a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients (n = 44) and age-and sex-matched controls (n = 20). In this study, we suggested that hypoxia could induce the overexpression of certain genes encoding for subunits from the α and β core of the 20S proteasome and from regulatory particles (19S and 11S) in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the gene expression of proteasome subunits was associated with lymphocyte count reduction and positively correlated with inflammatory molecular and clinical markers. Given the importance of the proteasome in maintaining cellular homeostasis, including the regulation of the apoptotic and pyroptotic pathways, these results provide a potential link between COVID-19 complications and proteasome gene expression.