Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 52, 259–271 (2006)

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen which has evolved to adapt to varieties of stresses that assault the organism, such as antibiotics and other bactericidal factors (Hiramatsu et al., 2001; Kuroda et al., 2001; Smith and Jarvis, 1999). To survive under stressed circumstances, it has developed stress-response mechanisms (Clements and Foster, 1999). Sigma factors are the promoter recognition subunit of the RNA polymerase, and are required in the sitespecific transcription initiation (Wösten, 1998). Three sigma factors, SigA, SigB, and SigH, have been found in S. aureus (Deora and Misra, 1996; Morikawa et al. 2003). SigB is the dominant alternative sigma factor and is homologous to Bacillus subtilis s (Deora et al., 1997; Kullik and Giachino, 1997; van Schaik and Abee, 2005; Wu et al., 1996). It has important roles in regulating a variety of genes (Bischoff et al., 2004) including the stress responsive factors (e.g. asp23), regulatory factors (Bischoff et al., 2001a) and virulence factors (Goerke et al., 2005), and is required for the resistances to stresses such as UV irradiation (Giachino et al., 2001) and antibiotics (Bischoff and BergerBachi, 2001; Bischoff et al., 2001b; Price et al., 2002; Singh et al., 2003; Wu et al., 1996). In B. subtilis, the s activity is regulated by the postGenetic characterization of the natural SigB variants found in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Individual Differences in Learning with Hypermedia: Effects of Students’ Cognitive Styles, Computer Competency Levels, and Prior Knowledge Levels on Learning Strategies

This study examines the effects of cognitive styles, computer competency levels, and prior domain knowledge levels on students’ learning strategies in an instructional hypermedia program. Sixteen students were selected out of 111 students from a Web-enhanced course, based on their cognitive style, computer competency, and prior domain knowledge test scores. In order to reveal students’ learning strategies, interviews and observations were conducted. Results indicated that cognitive styles may be important in terms of study management strategies of the students, and computer competency and prior knowledge levels may affect the patterns of using the hypermedia program.
Renewable Power and Energy Fractions Revisited : Insights from ARENA ’ s RAR Portfolio

This paper discusses new approaches and applications of the Renewable Power and Energy Fractions for ARENA-supported projects in the Regional Australia’s Renewables program. Insights into how the final Renewable Energy Fraction is achieved for a selection of projects are obtained, given the interaction of the demand, generation and enabling technologies for those systems. Among the presentation methods show is the Renewable Energy Fraction duration curve which demonstrates the possible paths that can be taken to increased Renewable Energy Fractions and how this affects the distribution of Renewable Power Fractions seen on those systems over the course of a year. Similarly, the comparison of the daily REF achieved versus the peak RPF for that day provides further insights to the potential challenges when systems aim for increased amounts of renewables. The evaluation of systems as a black box and the use of the total efficiency are introduced, which elucidates the extent to which additional renewable generation is useful for fuel savings. The total efficiency then allows evaluating whether employing additional enabling technologies and different operational philosophies can result in larger absolute fuel savings and show the increased whole-of-system benefits from added renewables.
Generalized Riemann hypothesis and stochastic time series

Using the Dirichlet theorem on the equidistribution of residue classes modulo q and the Lemke Oliver–Soundararajan conjecture on the distribution of pairs of residues on consecutive primes, we show that the domain of convergence of the infinite product of Dirichlet L-functions of non-principal characters can be extended from down to , without encountering any zeros before reaching this critical line. The possibility of doing so can be traced back to a universal diffusive random walk behavior of a series CN over the primes which underlies the convergence of the infinite product of the Dirichlet functions. The series CN presents several aspects in common with stochastic time series and its control requires to address a problem similar to the single Brownian trajectory problem in statistical mechanics. In the case of the Dirichlet functions of non principal characters, we show that this problem can be solved in terms of a self-averaging procedure based on an ensemble of block variables computed on extended intervals of primes. Those intervals, called inertial intervals, ensure the ergodicity and stationarity of the time series underlying the quantity CN. The infinity of primes also ensures the absence of rare events which would have been responsible for a different scaling behavior than the universal law of the random walks.
Local completeness and dual local quasi-completeness

It is proved that l q -completeness (1 < q < 1 ) is equivalent to l 1 completeness (de(cid:12)ned by Saxon and S(cid:19)anchez Ruiz), and becomes a new char- acteristic condition for local completeness. The relationship between dual local completeness, dual local quasi-completeness and the Banach-Mackey property is investigated. For a quasi-Mackey space, dual local quasi-completeness, c 0 -quasi-barrelledness, Ruess’ property (quasi-L) and C -quasi-barrelledness are equivalent to each other.
Current psychology letters, 21, Vol. 1, 2007 | 2007

We hypothesized that a process verb refers to the representation of a situation. We examined this hypothesis within the framework of verb polysemy for 12 French verbs. Two tasks were used: a synonym production task (task 1) and a patient production task (task 2). Task 1 revealed two interpretations for each of the verbs, one dominant and the other secondary. Task 2 indicated a high level of correlation between the relative dominance of an interpretation and the number of patients produced. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that memory contains permanent links between a verb and its thematic roles and that memory models must take account of these. They also suggest that the implicit production of an argument occurs rapidly when the verb is presented on its own. Nous faisons l’hypothèse qu’un verbe de procès renvoie à la représentation d’une situation. Nous examinons cette hypothèse dans le cadre de la polysémie verbale pour 12 verbes du français. Deux tâches sont mises en place : une tâche de production de synonymes (tâche 1) et une tâche de production de patients (tâche 2). La tâche 1 met en évidence deux interprétations pour chacun des verbes, l’une dominante et l’autre secondaire. La tâche 2 conduit à observer une forte corrélation entre la dominance relative de la signification et le nombre de patients produits.Les résultats sont compatibles avec l’hypothèse que des liens existent en mémoire permanente entre un verbe et ses rôles thématiques, et que les modélisations de la mémoire doivent les prendre en compte. Ils permettent également de supposer qu’une production implicite d’argument se met en place rapidement lorsque le verbe est présenté seul.
INFLUENCE OF TRANSIENT CHANGE OF WATER TEMPERATURE ON PILOT-SCALE ANAEROBIC-ANOXIC-OXIC PROCESS UNDER PLATEAU ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

The objective of this study was to explore the effect of transient changes of Pilot-Scale Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic Process (A2O). The effects of transient changes in Tibet, China of water temperature on water quality indicators such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), the total phosphorous (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), as well as microorganism and mixed liquor suspended solids were analyzed. The A2O system had a hydraulic retention time of 21 h, a mixture of the reflux ratio of the mixed liquor of 200%, a reflux ratio of the sludge of 100%, a temperature fluctuation range of 8-25 °C, and a water sampling interval of 3 h. The results showed that the optimal removal rates of different water quality indicators were different. The removal of COD, TN and NH 4 + -N mainly occurred in anaerobic tank and TP mainly in anaerobic tank and oxic tank. There was no obvious relationship between microorganism density and indicator organisms in anoxic tank, oxic tank and anaerobic tank. The concentrations of COD, TP, TN and NH 4 + -N in the effluents did not meet the first grade A standards, and the mixed liquid suspended solids did not show a significant growth trend with increasing temperature.
Mediating and Moderating Role of Financial Signaling, Information Asymmetries of Corporate Governance in Debt versus Equity and Market Value Behavior

This particular study is regarded to the static trade off theory, pecking order theory, signaling theory and agency theory, life stage theory, transaction cost economics theory, market timing theory. This paper also estimates the results by an interactive structural equation modeling, depends on different theories to associate Debt versus Equity, corporate governance, and value of firm. The relationship of financial structure - Debt versus Equity, corporate governance, and firm value is tried to justify. In this particular study, 70 Non financial listed firms on Equity Market - Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) are taken. The data is collected for the period of 2006 - 2010. The results presented that corporate governance has significant effect on firm performance under transaction cost economics theory and good corporate governance theory. It is noticeable of the results of corporate governance has significant effect of the value of firm. In addition, it is also shown that does have mediating effect in between the corporate financial structure and firm value. The negative relationship shows an agency problem. Therefore, the investors do not have the equal information’s of the particular firm as the manager holds. Furthermore, the financial singling and asymmetries of information’s hypothesis reflected that choice of debt or equity should impact the behavior of the investor due to information asymmetries, it is negative to increase threaten of bankruptcy. This research also concludes the basic premise to examine the structure equation modeling of impact of corporate governance and firm performance in the construction of portfolio for best alignment of cost of signaling and asymmetric risk.
Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Typical Cathode Materials of Lithium-Ion Battery Based on Three LCA Approaches

With the rapid increase in production of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and environmental issues arising around the world, cathode materials, as the key component of all LIBs, especially need to be environmentally sustainable. However, a variety of life cycle assessment (LCA) methods increase the difficulty of environmental sustainability assessment. Three authoritative LCAs, IMPACT 2002+, Eco-indicator 99(EI-99), and ReCiPe, are used to assess three traditional marketization cathode materials, compared with a new cathode model, FeF3(H2O)3/C. They all show that four cathode models are ranked by a descending sequence of environmental sustainable potential: FeF3(H2O)3/C, LiFe0.98Mn0. 02PO4/C, LiFePO4/C, and LiCoO2/C in total values. Human health is a common issue regarding these four cathode materials. Lithium is the main contributor to the environmental impact of the latter three cathode materials. At the midpoint level in different LCAs, the toxicity and land issues for LiCoO2/C, the non-renewable resource consumption for LiFePO4/C, the metal resource consumption for LiFe0.98Mn0. 02PO4/C, and the mineral refinement for FeF3(H2O)3/C show relatively low environmental sustainability. Three LCAs have little influence on total endpoint and element contribution values. However, at the midpoint level, the indicator with the lowest environmental sustainability for the same cathode materials is different in different methodologies.
Nitrogen loss from Titan

and carbon-containing pickup ions is described using a Monte Carlo model. The interaction of these ions with the atmospheric neutrals leads to the production of fast neutrals that collide with other atmospheric neutrals producing heating and ejection of atoms and molecules. Results from Brecht et al. [2000] are used to estimate the net flux and energy spectra of the magnetospheric and pickup ions onto the exobase. Sputtering is primarily responsible for any ejected molecular nitrogen, and, for the ion fluxes used, we show that the total sputtering contribution is comparable to or larger than the dissociation contribution giving a total loss rate of � 3.6 � 10 25 nitrogen neutrals per
Observations of gas flows inside a protoplanetary gap

1. Departamento de Astronomı́a, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile 2. Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura 763-0355, Santiago Chile 3. European Southern Observatory (ESO), Casilla 19001, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile 4. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2475, USA 5. Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 ch. des Maillettes, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland 6. Departamento de Astronomı́a y Astrofı́sica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 7. UMI-FCA, CNRS / INSU France (UMI 3386) , and Departamento de Astronomı́a, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 8. CNRS / UJF Grenoble 1, UMR 5274, Institut de Planétologie et dAstrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), France 9. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 10. Department of Astronomy, U. C. Berkeley, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 11. Departamento de Fı́sica y Astronomı́a, Universidad Valparaiso, Av. Gran Bretana 111, Valparaiso, Chile. 12. University Observatory, Ludwig-Maximillians University, Munich.
Nucleation-related defect-free GaP/Si(100) heteroepitaxy via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition

GaP/Si heterostructures were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition in which the formation of all heterovalent nucleation-related defects (antiphase domains, stacking faults, and microtwins) were fully and simultaneously suppressed, as observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This was achieved through a combination of intentional Si(100) substrate misorientation, Si homoepitaxy prior to GaP growth, and GaP nucleation by Ga-initiated atomic layer epitaxy. Unintentional (311) Si surface faceting due to biatomic step-bunching during Si homoepitaxy was observed by atomic force microscopy and TEM and was found to also yield defect-free GaP/Si interfaces.
PtSi–n–Si Schottky‐barrier photodetectors with stable spectral responsivity in the 120–250 nm spectral range

Front‐illuminated PtSi–n–Si Schottky barrier photodiodes have been developed for the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral range. Their spectral responsivity was determined in the 120–500 nm spectral range by use of a cryogenic electrical substitution radiometer operated with spectrally dispersed synchrotron radiation. For wavelengths below 250 nm, the spectral responsivity is about 0.03 A/W, comparable to that of GaAsP Schottky photodiodes. Unlike the GaAsP diodes, the new PtSi–n–Si diodes have a spatially uniform response which is virtually stable after prolonged exposure to short wavelength radiation. Even after a radiant exposure of 150 mJ cm−2 at wavelength 120 nm, the relative reduction in spectral responsivity remains below 0.2%. Due to these features, this type of photodiode is a promising candidate for use as secondary detector standard in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral ranges.
HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANES FOR USE IN HEMODIALYSIS

In this study, polyetherimide/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PEI/PVP) hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) were synthesized by the phase inversion method. The synthesized PEI/PVP membranes were characterized by morphological analysis and transport properties (hydraulic permeability and solute rejection coefficient). Their performance in uremic solutes separation was also investigated. Urea removal and clearance were measured. Surface properties were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), water uptake, zeta potential and protein adsorption. The results showed that PEI/PVP membranes had transport properties comparable to those of current high flux clinical membranes, with better removal of medium molecular weight solutes (using lysozyme as a model) and high retention of high molecular weight solutes (using albumin as a model). Surface characterization suggests that PEI/PVP membranes present improved blood compatibility. These results confirm the potential of polyetherimide as an alternative material for producing hollow fiber hemodialyzers, in substitution to polysulfone and polyethersulfone.
Structural characterization of ITS2 and CBC species concept applications in the tribe Coluteocarpeae (Brassicaceae)

The taxonomic utility of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) secondary structures in different plant groups, as well as in Brassicaceae, has been addressed by many studies. Although characterization and applications of ITS2 secondary structures for the members of main Brassicaceae lineages (Lineages I, II, III, and expanded Lineage II) have been studied, the utility of compensatory base change (CBC) species concept has not been the subject of any studies thus far. In the current study, the ITS2 secondary structures of 49 Coluteocarpeae (expanded Lineage II) specimens were investigated to determine relationships among the species. In addition to the utility of the CBC species concept, the availability of hemi-CBC and nonstructural substitutions (NSTs), which are also used for generic and species delimitation, were tested and discussed. A maximum likelihood tree, based on the sequence-structural alignment of the 49 specimens, was constructed to test the different generic assumptions reported by different researchers in the literature. The structural analysis showed that the ITS2 secondary structures of all of the Coluteocarpeae members exhibited a 4-fingered hand model, which was common in the majority of the family members. No CBCs were observed, whereas hemi-CBCs and NSTs were common among the tribe members. Although hemi-CBCs and NSTs were useful for distinguishing most of the Coluteocarpeae species (Noccaea aptera (Velen.) F.K. Mey. , Noccaea aghrica (P.H. Davis & Kit Tan) M. Fırat & Özüdoğru, Noccaea fendleri (A.Gray) Holub subsp. glauca (A. Nelson) Al-Shehbaz & M. Koch, Noccaea griffithiana (Boiss.) F.K. Mey. , Noccaea rubescens (Schott & Kotschy ex Boiss.) F.K. Mey. , etc.), they were not effective for delimitating some problematic species, such as members of Thlaspiceras F.K. Mey. A phylogenetic tree based on the sequence-structural dataset of the ITS2 showed that generic delimitation of Al-Shehbaz was more acceptable due to the fact that Noccaea sensu Al-Shehbaz is monophyletic.
Reasoning about Strategic Abilities

In alternating-time temporal logic ATL*, agents with perfect recall assign choices to sequences of states, i.e., to possible finite histories of the game. However, when a nested strategic modality is interpreted, the new strategy does not take into account the previous sequence of events. It is as if agents collect their observations in the nested game again from scratch, thus, effectively forgetting what they observed before. Intuitively, it does not fit the assumption of agents having perfect recall of the past. In this article, we investigate the alternative semantics for ATL* where the past is not forgotten in nested games. We show that the standard semantics of ATL* coincides with the “truly perfect recall” semantics for agents with perfect information and in case of so-called “objective” abilities under uncertainty. On the other hand, the two semantics differ significantly for the most popular (“subjective”) notion of ability under imperfect information. The same applies to the standard vs. “truly perfect recall” semantics of ATL* with persistent strategies. We compare the relevant variants of ATL* by looking at their expressive power, sets of validities, and tractability of model checking.
Fast Query Answering over Existential Rules

Enhancing Datalog with existential quantification gives rise to Datalog∃, a powerful knowledge representation language widely used in ontology-based query answering. In this setting, a conjunctive query is evaluated over a Datalog∃ program consisting of extensional data paired with so-called “existential” rules. Owing to their high expressiveness, such rules make the evaluation of queries undecidable, even when the latter are atomic. Decidable generalizations of Datalog by existential rules have been proposed in the literature (such as weakly acyclic and weakly guarded); but they pay the price of higher computational complexity, hindering the implementation of effective systems. Conversely, the results in this article demonstrate that it is definitely possible to enable fast yet powerful query answering over existential rules that strictly generalize Datalog by ensuring decidability without any complexity overhead. On the theoretical side, we define the class of parsimonious programs that guarantees decidability of atomic queries. We then strengthen this class to strongly parsimonious programs ensuring decidability also for conjunctive queries. Since parsimony is an undecidable property, we single out Shy, an easily recognizable class of strongly parsimonious programs that generalizes Datalog while preserving its complexity even under conjunctive queries. Shy also generalizes the class of linear existential programs, while it is uncomparable to the other main classes ensuring decidability. On the practical side, we exploit our results to implement DLV∃, an effective system for query answering over parsimonious existential rules. To assess its efficiency, we carry out an experimental analysis, evaluating DLV∃ performances for ontology-based query answering on both real-world and synthetic ontologies.
Yoshizawa/ Genetic Analysis of Japanese AIH Patients 1 Title: Genetic Analysis of the HLA Region of Japanese Patients with Type 1 Autoimmune Hepatitis Short title: Genetic Analysis of Japanese AIH Patients

Background/Aims: Genetic predisposition to type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is linked mainly to HLA-class II genes. The aim of this study is to scan the HLA region for additional genes which may contribute to type 1 AIH susceptibility. Methods: We performed association analysis using HLA class I and II alleles and 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers distributed throughout the HLA region. We specifically assessed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α gene polymorphisms. Results: HLA-DRB1*0405, DRB4 and DQB1*0401 alleles were markedly significant in AIH patients. The association study revealed the presence of three segments in the HLA region showing significantly low P (Pc) values. The first segment was located around the HLA-DR/-DQ subregion, the second was around the HLA-B54 allele, and the third was around two microsatellites near the TNF gene cluster. However, stratification analysis for the effect of DRB1*0405 eliminated association of the latter two segments. Haplotype D of the TNF-α promoter gene polymorphisms was weakly associated with susceptibility, but was found to be not significant after stratification analysis. Conclusions: The most influential gene on type 1 AIH pathogenesis in Japanese is the HLA-DRB1. Other genes in the HLA region, including TNF-α, have little or no association with type 1 AIH susceptibility. Electric word count: 199 words