Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasma flow resulting from electron cyclotron resonance heating on a magnetic hill

The flow of low collisionality plasma down a magnetic hill during electron cyclotron resonance heating is analyzed using a particle‐in‐cell code that follows both the electron and ion guiding centers. The analysis is applied to the formation of an ion beam by plasma expansion in a magnetic nozzle, of interest for plasma thrusters and other applications. The ambipolar electric potential that accelerates the ions is enhanced by effects of the magnetic forces on the electrons that are heated perpendicular to the magnetic field. Comparison with flow in the presence of isotropic heating demonstrates an increase in the efficiency of the particle and energy fluxes down the field relative to those that flow up the field to a wall at a large mirror ratio. The increases are reduced somewhat if particles recycle near the wall, but are still significant.
The Synchronized Progression from Mitosis to Meiosis in Female Primordial Germ Cells between Layers and Broilers

Layer and broiler hens show a dramatic difference in the volume and frequency of egg production. However, it is unclear whether the intrinsic competency of oocyte generation is also different between the two types of chicken. All oocytes were derived from the primordial germ cells (PGC) in the developing embryo, and female PGC proliferation (mitosis) and the subsequent differentiation (meiosis) determine the ultimate ovarian pool of germ cells available for future ovulation. In this study, we systematically compared the cellular phenotype and gene expression patterns during PGC mitosis (embryonic day 10, E10) and meiosis (E14) between female layers and broilers to determine whether the early germ cell development is also subjected to the selective breeding of egg production traits. We found that PGCs from E10 showed much higher activity in cell propagation and were enriched in cell proliferation signaling pathways than PGCs from E14 in both types of chicken. A common set of genes, namely insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and E2F transcription factor 4 (E2F4), were identified as the major regulators of cell proliferation in E10 PGCs of both strains. In addition, we found that E14 PGCs from both strains showed an equal ability to initiate meiosis, which was associated with the upregulation of key genes for meiotic initiation. The intrinsic cellular dynamics during the transition from proliferation to differentiation of female germ cells were conserved between layers and broilers. Hence, we surmise that other non-cell autonomous mechanisms involved in germ-somatic cell interactions would contribute to the divergence of egg production performance between layers and broilers.
Mathematical Considerations for the Problem of Fourier Transform Phase Retrieval from Magnitude

In this paper, we deal with the problem of retrieving a finite-extent function from the magnitude of its Fourier transform. This so-called phase retrieval problem will first be posed under its different underlying models. We will present a brief review of the main results known in this area for both discrete and continuous phase retrieval models giving special emphasis to the algebraic problem of the uniqueness of the solution. Several important issues which are yet unresolved will be pointed out and discussed. We will then consider the discrete phase retrieval problem as a special case of a more general problem which consists of recovering a real-valued sequence x from the magnitude of the output of a linear distortion: $| Hx | ( j ),\, j = 1, \cdots ,n$. A number of important results will be obtained for this general setting by means of algebraic-geometric techniques. In particular, the problems of the existence of a solution for phase retrieval, number of feasible solutions, stability of the (essential.
Risk assessment for heart failure using multiple linear regression model

Heart failure has become a chronic disease. However, due to population ageing and growth, the overall number of patients who suffering from heart failure is still increasing. The high rates of sickness and mortality also have substantial personal, societal, and financial repercussions. Therefore, scientists have also begun to pay attention to the influence of heart failure on human life, then the prediction of heart failure becomes particularly important. This study predicts the factors that may affect heart failure by using multiple linear regression model. The analysis of the model leads to the conclusion that a flat ST_Slope, atypical angina, and heart failure have a significant linear association. Even although the selection of the sample and the sample size still have the space to further improve in the future, this study exhibits the significant role to predict heart failure and aid in both early detection and prevention of the condition.
An epidemiological study of the predictors of multidrug resistance and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus spp. isolated from canine specimens submitted to a diagnostic laboratory in Tennessee, USA

Background Understanding drivers of multidrug resistance (MDR) and methicillin resistance, which have increased among canine staphylococcal isolates, is essential for guiding antimicrobial use practices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify predictors of MDR and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus spp. commonly isolated from canine clinical specimens. Methods This retrospective study used records of canine specimens submitted to the University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine Clinical Bacteriology Laboratory for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing between 2006 and 2017. Records from 7,805 specimens positive for the following Staphylococcus species were included for analysis: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus coagulans (formerly Staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies coagulans), and Staphylococcus schleiferi (formerly S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi). Generalized linear regression models were fit using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to identify predictors of MDR (defined as resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes) and methicillin resistance among these isolates. Results Multidrug resistance (42.1%) and methicillin resistance (31.8%) were relatively common. Isolates from skeletal (joint and bone) specimens had the highest levels of MDR (51.3%) and methicillin resistance (43.6%), followed by cutaneous specimens (45.8% multidrug-resistant, 37.1% methicillin resistant). Staphylococcus species, specimen site, and clinical setting were significant (p < 0.01) predictors of both outcomes. Compared to S. pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi had higher odds of methicillin resistance, while S. coagulans and S. schleiferi had lower odds of MDR. The odds of both MDR and methicillin resistance for isolates from hospital patient specimens were significantly higher than those from referral patients for urine/bladder and otic specimens. Odds of MDR among isolates from skeletal specimens of hospital patients were also higher than those of referral patients. Conclusions Staphylococcus isolates in this study had substantial levels of MDR and methicillin resistance. Differences in the odds of these outcomes between referral and hospital patient isolates did not persist for all specimen sites, which may reflect differences in diagnostic testing and antimicrobial use practices with respect to body site or system. Judicious antimicrobial use, informed by culture and susceptibility testing, is important to limit treatment failures and curb selection pressure.
Mapping invasive alien plant species with very high spatial resolution and multi-date satellite imagery using object-based and machine learning techniques: A comparative study

ABSTRACT Invasive alien plant species (IAPS) have negative impacts on ecosystems, including the loss of biodiversity and the alteration of ecosystem functions. The strategy for mitigating these impacts requires knowledge of these species’ spatial distribution and level of infestation. In situ inventories or aerial photo interpretation can be used to collect these data but they are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and incomplete, especially when dealing with large or inaccessible areas. Remote sensing may be an effective method of mapping IAPS for a better management strategy. Several studies using remote sensing to map IAPS have focused on single species detection and were conducted in relatively homogeneous natural environments, while other common, more heterogeneous environments, such as urban areas, are often invaded by multiple IAPS, posing management challenges. The main objective of this study was to develop a mapping method for three major IAPS observed in the urban agglomeration of Quebec City (Canada), namely Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica); giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum); and phragmites (Phragmites australis). Mono-date and multi-date classification approaches were used with WorldView-3 and SPOT-7 satellite imagery, acquired in the summer of 2020 and in the autumn of 2019, respectively. To estimate presence probability, object-based image analysis (OBIA) and nonparametric classifiers such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were used. Overall, multi-date classification using WorldView-3 and SPOT-7 images produced the best results, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.85 and an overall accuracy of 91% using RF. For XGBoost, the Kappa coefficient was 0.81 with an overall accuracy of 89%, whereas the Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy were 0.80 and 88% for SVM classifier, respectively. Individual class performances based on F1-score revealed that Japanese knotweed had the highest maximum value (0.95), followed by giant hogweed (0.91), and phragmites (0.87). These results confirmed the potential of remote sensing to accurately map and simultaneously monitor the main IAPS in a heterogeneous urban environment using a multi-date approach. Although the approach is limited by image and reference data availability, it provides new tools to managers for IAPS invasion control.
The Situation and Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety in Patients of Hemodialysis during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China

Objective: To investigate the incidence of depression and anxiety among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients during the regular prevention and control stage of COVID-19 in China as well as the influencing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 180 patients under the treatment of hemodialysis was conducted in the hemodialysis center of the 8th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. The questionnaire regarding the subject’s general information, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) was completed by the patients, and the laboratory test results were recorded. Results: The incidences of anxiety and depression were 35.6% and 38.9%, respectively, and the average scores of SAS and SDS were (48.03 ± 5.02) and (48.12 ± 5.42), respectively, in the subjects. The results showed that age, monthly income, vascular access of dialysis, feeling of pain and itching (within a week), worried about being infected by COVID-19, whether having health insurance and the levels of hemoglobin, parathyroid hormone, and phosphorus were the impact factors of both anxiety and depression in the MHD patients (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusion: The proportion of depression and anxiety is relatively high in the MHD patients during the regular prevention and control stage of COVID-19.
The far downstream evolution of the high-Reynolds-number axisymmetric wake behind a disk. Part 1. Single-point statistics

The high-Reynolds-number axisymmetric wake behind a disk has been studied for $10 \leq x/D \leq 150$ ($36 \leq x/\theta \leq 552 $) using a rake of 15 hot wires. The disk had a diameter of 20 mm, and the Reynolds number based on the free-stream velocity was 26 400. Mean velocity profiles, root-mean-square profiles, and power spectra are presented. By using regression techniques to fit the velocity profiles it was possible to obtain accurate velocity centreline deficits and transverse length scales to even the last downstream position. Beyond the initial region which extends to $x/D=30$, the data are in excellent agreement with the high-Reynolds-number equilibrium similarity solution.
Investigating the effect of abusive supervision on work engagement through the role of employee creativity: the moderating effect of interpersonal communication competence

ABSTRACT This study investigates the negative effect of abusive supervision on employees’ work engagement via the mediating role of employee creativity and examines how interpersonal communication competence (ICC) buffers the negative effect of abusive supervision on work engagement and employee creativity. The Conservation of Resources (COR) theory was employed to explain the theoretical model. Data were collected from employees working in various organisations. Participants were recruited using a combination of recruitment methods and completed the survey via an online platform. Five hundred fifteen (55.7% were male) responses were included after dropping participants who failed to complete all three phases of data collection and the attention check items. The measurement model analysis suggested that the theoretical model was supported. The results supported all hypotheses in this study. Abusive supervision negatively predicted work engagement and employee creativity. In addition, the negative effect of abusive supervision on employee creativity and work engagement was stronger for those with low ICC. This study also found that the indirect negative effect of abusive supervision on work engagement through employee creativity was stronger for employees with low than high ICC. Discussion, implications, and limitations are included.
Maximal ranks and integer points on a family of elliptic curves

We extend a result of Spearman which provides a sufficient condition for elliptic curves of the form y2 = x3 − px, with p a prime, to have Mordell-Weil rank 2. As in Spearman’s work, the condition given here involves the existence of integer points on these curves.
Physical properties of CdTe:Cu films grown at low temperature by pulsed laser deposition

CdTe:Cu films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on Corning glass slides at a substrate temperature of 300 °C. The thin films were grown using CdTe and Cu2Te powders, varying the Cu2Te concentration from 3 to 10 wt. %. The structural, compositional, optical, and electrical properties were analyzed as a function of the nominal copper concentration. X-ray diffraction shows that films have CdTe cubic phase. The compositional analysis indicates that CdTe:Cu films grown with lower Cu content have Te excess, on the other hand, films with higher Cu content have Te deficiencies. The electrical measurements showed that CdTe:Cu films grown with low Cu content present lowest resistivity.
Aperture efficiencies for IRAs

The IRA (impulse radiating antenna), consists of a special kind of conical TEM (transverse electromagnetic) feed launching a step-rising wave on an aperture after conversion of the spherical wave to a plane wave via a paraboloidal reflector (or a lens if desired). The radiated field has an important part which is a narrow impulse, although there is a comparatively low-amplitude, slow undershoot to give a net zero time integral in the far field. The feed arms are terminated (primarily resistive) at the reflector to minimize multiple reflections and to improve the limited low-frequency performance by balancing the electric and magnetic dipole moments for forward (from the reflector) radiation. There are various possible configurations of the TEM conical feed and feeding coaxial cables (and possible baluns as well) to allow for a variety of characteristic impedances. Aperture efficiencies for IRAs are evaluated. <<ETX>>
Fungemia in Hospitalized Adult Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Fungemia in hematologic malignancies (HM) has high mortality. This is a retrospective cohort of adult patients with HM and fungemia between 2012 and 2019 in institutions of Bogotá, Colombia. The epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics are described, and risk factors related to mortality are analyzed. One hundred five patients with a mean age of 48 years (SD 19.0) were identified, 45% with acute leukemia and 37% with lymphomas. In 42%, the HM was relapsed/refractory, 82% ECOG > 3, and 35% received antifungal prophylaxis; 57% were in neutropenia, with an average duration of 21.8 days. In 86 (82%) patients, Candida spp. was identified, and other yeasts in 18%. The most frequent of the isolates were non-albicans Candida (61%), C. tropicalis (28%), C. parapsilosis (17%), and C. krusei (12%). The overall 30-day mortality was 50%. The survival probability at day 30 in patients with leukemia vs. lymphoma/multiple myeloma (MM0 group was 59% (95% CI 46–76) and 41% (95% CI 29–58), p = 0.03, respectively. Patients with lymphoma or MM (HR 1.72; 95% CI 0.58–2.03) and ICU admission (HR 3.08; 95% CI 1.12–3.74) were associated with mortality. In conclusion, in patients with HM, non-albicans Candida species are the most frequent, and high mortality was identified; moreover, lymphoma or MM and ICU admission were predictors of mortality.
Insect-Based Hover-Capable Flapping Wings for Micro Air Vehicles: Experiments and Analysis

This paper addresses the aerodynamics of insect-based, biomimetic, flapping wings in hover. An experimental apparatus, with a biomimetic flapping mechanism, was used to measure the thrust generated by a number of wing designs at different wing pitch settings. To quantify the large inertial loads acting on the wings, vacuum chamber tests were conducted. Results were obtained for several high-frequency tests conducted on lightweight aluminum and composite wings. The wing mass was found to have a significant influence on the maximum frequency of the mechanism because of a high inertial power requirement. All the wings tested showed a decrease in thrust at high frequencies. In contrast, for a wing held at 90-deg pitch angle, flapping in a horizontal stroke plane with passive pitching caused by aerodynamic and inertial forces, the thrust was found to be larger. To study the effect of passive pitching, the biomimetic flapping mechanism was modified with a passive torsion spring on the flapping shaft. Results of some tests conducted with different wings and different torsion spring stiffnesses are shown. A soft torsion spring led to a greater range of pitch variation and produced more thrust at slightly lower power than with the stiff torsion spring. The lightweight and highly flexible wings used in this study had significant aeroelastic effects which need to be investigated. A finite element based structural analysis of the wing is described, along with an unsteady aerodynamic analysis based on indicial functions. The analysis was validated with experimental data available in literature, and also with experimental tests conducted on the biomimetic flapping-pitching mechanism. Results for both elastic and rigid wing analyses are compared with the thrust measured on the biomimetic flapping-pitching mechanism.
Stein's method for steady-state diffusion approximations of $M/Ph/n+M$ systems

We consider $M/Ph/n+M$ queueing systems in steady state. We prove that the Wasserstein distance between the stationary distribution of the normalized system size process and that of a piecewise Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) process is bounded by $C/\sqrt{\lambda}$, where the constant $C$ is independent of the arrival rate $\lambda$ and the number of servers $n$ as long as they are in the Halfin-Whitt parameter regime. For each integer $m>0$, we also establish a similar bound for the difference of the $m$th steady-state moments. For the proofs, we develop a modular framework that is based on Stein's method. The framework has three components: Poisson equation, generator coupling, and state space collapse. The framework, with further refinement, is likely applicable to steady-state diffusion approximations for other stochastic systems.
The Semiclassical Limit of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation in a Radial Potential

In this paper, we are concerned with the following nonlinear Schrodinger equation: ih∂ψ∂t=−h22mΔψ+V(x)ψ−γh∣ψ∣p−2ψ, γh>0, x∈R2, where ħ>0, 2 0, the functions in this special class have nontrivial angular momentum as it will be specified in the Introduction. Furthermore, our solutions exhibit a “spike-layer” pattern when the parameter ħ approaches zero; our object is to analyse the appearance of such type of concentration asymptotic behaviour in order to locate the asymptotic peaks.
Th2 cells infiltrating high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a feature that may account for the poor prognosis

Objective We aimed to investigate the differences of transcriptome profile between 2 groups of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients with distinct outcomes and identify potential biomarkers for recurrence. Methods RNA sequencing was performed in 2 groups of HGSOC patients with similar demographic characteristics but exhibiting distinct progression-free survival (PFS). Transcriptome data of poor response (PR; PFS ≤6 months) and good response (GR; PFS ≥12 months) group were compared. We employed xCell to evaluate the abundance of 63 cells in tumor microenvironment. The predictive value of recurrence-related tumor infiltration cells was validated in cohort data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The weighted correlation network analysis was performed to identify the genes related to cell infiltration. Results PR patients exhibited a distinct tumor infiltration immune cells-related transcriptional profile compared to GR patients, such as lower signatures of leukocyte differentiation, activation and chemotaxis. The fraction of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells infiltration was significantly higher in PR group than in GR group. High infiltration of Th2 was significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis in the GEO cohort (area under the curve=0.84 at 6 months recurrence) and TCGA cohort (p=0.008). Genes enriched to extracellular matrix organization and integrin binding were relevant to Th2 infiltration. Conclusion Patients with HGSOC having shorter PFS exhibited a distinct gene signature that related to tumor-infiltrating immune cells. The level of Th2 infiltration could facilitate patient recurrence risk stratification and may be a promising biomarker for prognosis prediction and immune-related treatment.
In Vitro Studies of Nanoparticles as a Potentially New Antimicrobial Agent for the Prevention and Treatment of Lameness and Digital Dermatitis in Cattle

Digital dermatitis (DD) is the second most prevalent disease in dairy cattle. It causes significant losses for dairy breeders and negatively impacts cows’ welfare and milk yield. Despite this, its etiology has not been entirely identified, and available data are limited. Antibiotic therapy is a practical method for managing animal health, but overuse has caused the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, leading to a loss in antimicrobial efficacy. The antimicrobial properties of metal nanoparticles (NPs) may be a potential alternative to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the biocidal properties of AgNPs, CuNPs, AuNPs, PtNPs, FeNPs, and their nanocomposites against pathogens isolated from cows suffering from hoof diseases, especially DD. The isolated pathogens included Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Ochrobactrum intermedium I, Ochrobactrum intermedium II, Ochrobactrum gallinifaecis, and Actinomyces odontolyticus. Cultures were prepared in aerobic and anaerobic environments. The viability of the pathogens was then determined after applying nanoparticles at various concentrations. The in vitro experiment showed that AgNPs and CuNPs, and their complexes, had the highest biocidal effect on pathogens. The NPs’ biocidal properties and their synergistic effects were confirmed, which may forecast their use in the future treatment and the prevention of lameness in cows, especially DD.