Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Environmental studies of domestic wastewater treatment using integrated anaerobic/aerobic system.

Conventional aerobic technologies based on activated sludge processes are dominantly applied for the treatment of domestic wastewater due to the high efficiency achieved, the possibility for nutrient removal and the high operational flexibility. Anaerobic pre-treatment of domestic wastewater can serve a viable and cost-effective alternative due to its relatively low construction and operational cost, operational simplicity, low production of excess sludge, production of energy in form of biogas and applicability in small and large scales. A viable alternative is the sequential anaerobic–aerobic systems. The performance of the integrated anaerobic/aerobic wastewater treatment system (AAWTS) for domestic wastewater treatment has been investigated. The domestic wastewater and activated sludge were collected from Ras El-Bar wastewater treatment plant. The overall removal efficiency of the suggested system, is in the order TSS < TN < BOD < Cl = TDS < COD < NH3.The deficiency of the applied AAWTS may be due to the limiting effect of salts on the biological treatment of saline influents. [Talaat A. Hegazy, M. A. Abdel-Magied, A. Al-Asmar, and M. S. Ibrahim. Environmental Studies of Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Integrated Anaerobic/Aerobic System. Journal of American Science 2011;7(3):485-492]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org.
PROTEIN MARKER IDENTIFICATION OF VERATOXIN FROM CLINICALLY ISOLATED ESCHERICHIA COLI

This investigation was carried out to identify the protein marker for veratoxin from clinically isolated E.coli samples. The E.coli samples were isolated from clinical samples like blood, urine and stool of infected patients. The E.coli samples were conformed by the growth of the bacteria on EMB agar medium where they showed metallic sheath. The E.coli samples were grown on nutrient broth for the isolation of the protein. The proteins were precipitated using ammonium sulphate. The proteins got precipitated at 50% saturation of ammonium sulphate. The eluted proteins were then identified using SDS-PAGE with standard protein marker. Three E.coli samples isolated showed the band with 32,000KDa determing the presence of veratoxin protein in the E. coli samples.
Role of Trans-Vaginal Ultrasonography for Comparative Analysis of Ovarian Volume and Antral Follicle Count for Predicting the Retrieved Oocyte Number, In IVF Patients

Aims and Objectives a To compare the role of pre-induction ovarian volume and antral follicle count in predicting the retrieved oocyte numbers in in-vitro fertilization patients (IVF). b To study the co-relation of ovarian volume with antral follicle count. Methods and Materials: 53 infertile patients were randomly taken in the study. On 2 day of cycle, Transvaginalultrasound was done and pre-induction total ovarian volume (TOV) and total antral follicle count (TAFC) were calculated. Ovarian volume was calculated using ellipsoid formula and total volume was considered by adding volume of both the ovaries. Ovulation was induced using clomiphene citrate from day 3 to 7 of cycle. Post induction oocyte retrieval was done on mid cycle by the IVF team and total oocyte count (TOC) was considered. Results: Mean age was 30.11±3.6, Mean TAFC was 11.98±5.69, mean TOV was 8.27±2.19cm and mean TOC was 9.38 ±4.5. Correlation coefficient for TAFC and TOC was 0.959 with p value of <0.0001. Correlation coefficient for TOV and TOC was 0.726 with p value of <0.0001. Correlation coefficient for TAFC and TOV was 0.796 with p value of <0.0001. Conclusion: TAFC and TOV both are significant predictors of retrieved TOC. TAFC is a better predictor with high coefficient of determination of 94.5% and a low standard error of 0.55 as compared to TOV. Also TAFC and TOV are significantly correlated. As AFC increases TOV also increases.
Empirical Research of Heat Transfer in Oscillating Pipes

In this research, characteristics of heat transfer and pressure loss of oscillating pipes at certain amplitudes and frequencies were investigated. For this aim, an oscillating mechanism was designed. Experiments were conducted for the oscillating frequency f , in the range of 0.0081. 988 Hz and dimensionless amplitude X=3, 6, 9. , Reynolds number was changed from 5000 to 25000. It was determined that oscillating amplitude and frequency was reasonably effective on heat transfer and friction factor.
Direct inhibitory effects of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells

Objective To investigate the direct inhibitory effects of 153Sm- DTPA-c (Cys-Gly-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gly-Gly-Ser-Cys) NH2 ( 153 Sm-DTPA-c (CGRRAGGSC)) on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Methods 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) was synthesized by the reaction of 153SmCl3 with DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) using indirect synthesis method. PC-3 cells in vitro culture were divided into four study groups, groug A ( the control, with PBS only), group B with 1.5 mg/L c ( CGRRAGGSC), group C with 370 kBq 153 SmCl3 and group D with 370 kBq 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC). PC-3 cell growth was assayed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl ) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression changes of interleukin 11 (IL11 ) and IL11 receptor (IL1 1 R) in PC-3 cells were examined by Western Blot. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired-t test were applied for statistic analysis. Results The labeling yield of 153Sm-DTPA-c (CGRRAGGSC) was 85% and the radiochemical purity was 95.8%. The specific activity of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) was 1.32 × 105 MBq/μmol. Significant inhibitory effects on the growth of PC-3 cells were found in both group C and D, with a time-dependent manner. However, no obvious inhibition was found either in group A or in group B. After 48 h,significant differences of sub-G1 peak area were found among groups, (0. 98 ± 0. 18)%, (0. 35 ±0. 10)%, (4.05 ±0.28)% and (13.38 ±0. 89)% for group A, B, C and D, respectively. Furthermore,sexpression of ILl 1R in group D was significantly lower than that in group B and C with absorbance values 0. 339 ~ 0.014, 0.338 ~ 0.019, 0.226 ~ 0. 015 for group B, C and D, respectively. Absorbance values in groups B and C were not significantly different after treatment, compared with those before treatment; however, there was difference between absorbance values after and before treatment in group D ( t = 0. 405,1. 163,135.989,P>0.05 >0.05, <0.05). Conchluion 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) can directly in hibit the cell growth and expression of human prostate cancer cells PC-3. Key words: Prostatic neoplasms ; Tumor cells, cultured; Peptides, cyclic; Samarium
THE AMELIORATIVE ROLE OF GINGER ADMINISTRATION AGAINST GABAPENTIN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RAT FETUSES

Objective: To investigate the possible side effects of prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic drug gabapentin (GBP) on the liver during the organogenesis phase of the rat embryonic development and to examine the possible ameliorative role of ginger. Methods: Three integrated approaches namely, histological, immuno-histochemical and ultrastructural were adopted. Results: Fetuses maternally injected with GBP displayed congested central vein, disruption of normal architecture and vacuolation of the hepatocytes. The expression of Bcl-2 in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes was remarkably decreased, while the expression of Caspase-3 was increased. At the ultrastructural level, the hepatocytes had irregular shaped and shrunken nuclei. The cytoplasm appeared rarefied, vacuolated and with disrupted organelles. Oral injection of ginger after GBP resulted in evident amelioration at all the investigated levels. Conclusions: The use of GBP as antiepileptic drug should be treated with caution during pregnancy and ginger is recommended to be taken in parallel for its ameliorative role in this regard.
Transcranial Doppler in Monitoring Management of Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Cerebral vasospasm remains the most significant and most common complication following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) which is defined as bleeding into the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia matter surrounding the brain. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is non invasive tool allowing for bedside monitoring to determine flow velocities indicative of changes in vascular caliber. The true value of this technique as sensitive predictor alone for diagnosing clinical vasospasm, still mater of debate. Aim of the study: was to evaluate the role of TCD in monitoring patients with SAH and early detection of pre symptomatic vasospasm that may help in further early management. Methods: This study was carried out on 30 patients diagnosed to have acute subarachnoid hemorrhage presented within 48 hrs. from onset and confirmed by CT brain. Patients were divided into: Group A; included 15 patients that were monitored by both the usual standard clinical and neurological evaluation and Group B; included the other 15 patients that were subjected in additions to standard clinical evaluation, to continuous non-invasive TCD every 48 hours from day 4 to day 21 of hospital admission. Results: There was 19 females and 11 males with mean age 46.5+11.4 year . Of them, 73.3% were hypertensive and 13.3% were diabetic. Delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND) developed in 9 of 30 patients, 6 (40%) pts in group A and only 3 (20%) pts in group B & was not related to the cause of SAH (P: 0.9). There was no significant correlation between Hess and Hunt grading and the occurrence of DIND (P: 0.7). Patients with DIND had a significantly higher peak systolic velocity (PSV)of middle cerebral artery(MCA)in comparison to patients who had no DIND at serial TCD1,2,3 measurements and P values were 0.002, 0.038, 0.026 respectively, but no significance of the difference of percentage of change from the baseline TCD1. Analysis of area under ROC curve revealed, at PSV 172 cm /sec & area under the curve 0.75, sensitivity of 60% & specificity of 88% & the p value was 0.09. Conclusion: TCD is a useful tool for screening symptomatic vasospasm and for early prediction of DIND in
FACTORS INFLUENCING DIVIDEND PAYOUT POLICY DECISIONS OF NIGERIAN LISTED FIRMS

Dividend policy is primarily concerned with the decision regarding the distribution of a firm’s profit between dividend and retention. The determinants of this important financial decision have been a subject of debate among financial management researchers for over six decades. This study examines the determinants of dividend policy decisions of twenty-five non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 1997 and 2011. Panel data methodology was employed, while fixed and random effects models were used as estimation techniques. Result reveals that profitability, firm size, leverage and changes in the dividend payout are significant factors that affect dividend policy decisions of the sampled firms during the period of the study. It is hereby recommended that profitability, size, leverage and changes in dividend payout should be considered by Board of Directors of listed firms in Nigeria when designing their dividend payout policy decisions. The outcome of this study lends support for profitability, agency cost and signaling hypotheses of dividend policy.
A qualitative study of Asian women's ideas and expectations of pregnancy, motherhood and postnatal depression

A qualitative study of Asian women’s ideas and expectations of pregnancy, motherhood and postnatal depression By Emma Crossley BA (Hons) The aim of the study was to explore expectant Asian mother’s constructions of pregnancy and motherhood, including their perceptions of postnatal depression, and views on help-seeking for the postpartum. Relatively few studies have examined these areas previously, and there was a need for a thorough and rigorous investigation of these issues from the perspective of the individual. Data was collected from seven first-time pregnant mothers of South Asian origin, from a variety of backgrounds using semi-structured interviews. The chosen methodology was a social constructionist revision of grounded theory. Through the use of systematic procedures, this approach enabled the diversity of individual accounts to be addressed and the influence of the researcher’s perspective to be considered. The results identified a number of related themes, suggesting that women positioned themselves in relation to two competing versions of pregnancy and motherhood, described as naturalised and problematic. In addition, the findings indicated that participants used a psychosocial framework for understanding maternal distress. The usefulness and relevance of the label ‘postnatal depression’ to define the experiences of women during this period, was therefore discussed. It was demonstrated that there were several interacting factors involved in the process of deciding whether, and how to access help for postnatal difficulties. Shaping women’s perceptions and expectations was a number of cultural and social factors. The analysis indicated that women interpreted their ideas in terms of their relationship to two competing stories around womanhood, identified as traditional and non-traditional. This had particular implications for the probability of engaging in help-seeking for emotional distress. The results are discussed in relation to the existing literature. Recommendations for professionals and services working with Asian mothers, as well as suggestions for future research are presented.
THE PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL (KAUH), JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA

Coronary atherosclerosis is accelerated and highly prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is common in diabetes mellitus and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients. The aim of this study is to assess prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients with acute coronary syndrome in King Abdulaziz University hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study included 115 patients (21 females and 94 males) with acute coronary syndrome out of 133 patients admitted to CCU ward of KAUH from January to June 2014.ECG changes and levels of myocardial enzymes (troponin), HbA1C, serum triglycerides and cholesterol were recorded at admission. Out of all patients 70% were diabetics and 20% were prediabetics. Approximately 21% had unstable angina (UA) and 79% had myocardial infarction (MI). Out of 24 patients with unstable angina 4% were nondiabetics, 30% were prediabetics, and 66% were diabetics. Out of 91 patients with myocardial infarction 12% were nondiabetics, 18% were prediabetics, and 70% were diabetics. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels did not differ between diabetic patients with or without acute coronary syndrome. Diabetes was more frequent among females than males (80.95% vs. 67.02%). In this prospective study about 70% of patients with acute coronary syndrome have diabetes, which may cause more serious complications of acute coronary syndrome.
Delirium in Critical Care Medicine Department in Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University incidence and relation with sepsis

The intensivist should think of delirium, or acute central nervous system dysfunction, as the brain's form of "organ dysfunction. " Delirium is extremely common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients due to factors such as co morbidity, critical illness, and iatrogenesis. The delirium is extremely hazardous in older persons and is associated with prolonged ICU stay. Lack of experience about delirium& instruments which should used to diagnose it, makes its diagnosis in ICU difficult. Sepsis associated delirium is not simply an unpleasant confusion or obtundation of the patient with sepsis, but a relevant and often severe organ dysfunction that is reflected by increase in mortality. Furthermore impaired cognitive function after critical illness, particularly in patient suffering from delirium, is increasingly being recognized. Our aim was to estimate the incidence of delirium in critical care units in Alexandria University Hospital, and to find out if there was any association between delirium and sepsis. The study was conducted on 385 adult conscious patients. All selected patients have been screened for delirium by (CAM-ICU score) daily until patients died, discharged, become unfit for score, or become positive for delirium. In selected patients, their different diagnoses was recorded, and laboratory and clinical sepsis profile was taken to found the association between sepsis and delirium. The following results were obtained: Incidence of delirium in critical care units in Alexandria university hospital is 18.4%. The age of patients with delirium was significantly higher with delirium. Duration of stay in ICU in delirious patients is higher than non delirious patients.56% of pneumonia patients developed delirium in their stay in ICU. There was a significant association between sepsis and delirium in ICU, as presence of sepsis in delirious patients was higher with delirium. Incidence of delirium in intubated or mechanically ventilated patients was significantly higher. Sepsis was found to be an important risk factor for developing of delirium in ICU. Confusion assessment method in ICU (CAM-ICU) was found to be an easy, quick, and effective tool to diagnose delirium in adult and conscious ICU patients. Respiratory tract infections is a common cause of sepsis associated delirium. [Hassan A Abukhabar, Amr Abdallah, Ahmed Eltoukhy. Delirium in Critical Care Medicine Department in Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University incidence and relation with sepsis. Journal of American Science 2012; 8(1):44-53]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org.
A Comparative Study of Mental Health of Normal and Visually Challenged Adolescents

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and absence of disease. According to world health organization (WHO) mental health is a form of well-being where a person can recognize his / her own power, can overcome their daily stressful life and able to contribute his or her own society. Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by many hormonal changes, brain, and physical development, emotional and behavioral development. Mentally healthy children and adolescents enjoy their lives positively; they function well at home, school and their community. While visually impaired (absence of visual ability or loss of perception of visual stimuli) adolescents experience severe psychological and behavioral problems especially during adolescent period. The objective of the present study is to compare the normal and visually challenged adolescents in terms of mental health. For measuring the mental health of both groups well-being scale (WEMWBS) was administered. The data was collected from blind school (Ahmadi school) and Aligarh Public School (N=100). For the statistical analysis t test was used. The result of this study revealed that there was a significant difference between both the groups of normal and visually challenged adolescents on mental health.
Implementation of Truncated Multiplier for FIR Filter based on FPGA

- Multiplication of two bits produces an output which is twice that of the original bit. It is usually needed to truncate the partial product bits to the required precision to reduce area cost. Fixed-width multipliers, a subset of truncated multipliers, compute only n-most significant bits (MSBs) of the 2n-bit product for n × n multiplication and use extra correction/compensation circuits to reduce truncation errors. Truncated multipliers provides significant improvements in area, delay, and power. The proposed method finally reduces the number of full adders and half adders during the tree reduction. The output is in the form of LSB and MSB. Finally the LSB part is compressed by using operations such as deletion, reduction, truncation, rounding and final addition because of which area is reduces. In the proposed truncated multiplier design, introduces column-by-column reduction. In this design of truncated multiplier, to minimize the half adders in each column because the full adder has high compression rate when compared to HA. FPGAs reprogram ability and high degree of parallelism attracts them for DSP applications. The hardware description language VHDL is used to describe the design. The design is synthesized using Quartus-II software /Xilinx Project Navigator 13.1 software. Simulation is done using Modelsim. The design implementation is done on Altera DE board CYCLON-II family device EP2C35F672C6.
Evaluation of Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Cultures for the Production of Rice Injera

Injera is a yeast-risen flat-bread with a unique, slightly spongy texture. It is a national staple in Ethiopia that is eaten daily in virtually every household. Despite the fact that injera is a favorite staple food, starters have not been evaluated for the production of rice-based injera. Combination of starter cultures of lactic acid (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and irsho (back slopping) were used to ferment rice batter during 96 h. Changes in pH, titratable acidity (TA) and microbial count were analyzed at 6 h intervals and consumer acceptability was done at 24 h and 48 h. LAB starters and their co-cultures yeast decreased pH from 6.35 to 4.5 and increased titratable acidity from 0.33% to 0.95% (lactic acid w/w ) within 18-24 h while in the spontaneous fermentation with traditional irsho it took 48 h-54 h to attain pH and titratable acidity value of 0.38% and 0.93%, respectively. The number of lactic acid bacteria and yeast increased in all starter culture and naturally fermented rice batter with fermentation time. Rice injera prepared using combination of L. plantarum + S. cerevisiae starters were the most acceptable (score of 8.83=like extremely). Therefore, the L. plantarum +S. cerevisiae starter combination can be used for commercial production of acceptable rice injera. Evaluation of Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Cultures for the Production of Rice Injera
Calcifying Tendinitis of the Rotator Cuff: Diagnosis, Treatment and Complications

Background Calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder is a disorder characterised by either single or multiple deposits in the rotator cuff (RC) tendon. Most of calcifications undergo spontaneous resorption while a subpopulation of patients continue to complain for pain and shoulder dysfunction and the deposits do not show any signs of resolution. Although several treatment options have been proposed, the ideal approach is still controversial. In this review we report on the current literature evidence on the calcific tendinitis of the RC, with special interest in the diagnosis, treatment and complications.
Antibacterial, Prooxidative and Genotoxic Activities of Gallic Acid and its Copper and Iron Complexes against Escherichia coli

In this study, gallic acid and its complexes with aluminum and iron were investigated for their antibacterial, pro-oxidative, and genotoxic properties at alkaline pH. At 4. 0μmol/mL, gallic acid displayed bacteriostatic property while aluminum-gallic acid and iron-gallic acid complexes showed bactericidal property against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. A higher antibacterial activity was observed in the turbidimetric assay compared to the well-diffusion assay. The metal complexes of gallic acid also generated a higher concentration of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide compared to gallic acid alone at > 0. 50μmol/mL. Using the SOS response of the DNA repair-deficient Escherichia coli PQ37, the metal complexes of gallic acid resulted to a significantly higher SOS Induction Factors (ρ<0.01) at ≥0. 25μmol/mL. In addition, gallic acid and its metal complexes decrease the cell surface hydrophobicity of E. coli ATCC 25922 in a dose-dependent manner. The present study suggests that the antibacterial property of gallic acid and its metal complexes against Escherichia coli was caused by its pro-oxidative and genotoxic properties. Since metals are involved in the synthesis of the metal complexes of gallic acid, further tests should be conducted to determine their stability and effects to human health.