Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Pore Size Distribution on the Electrokinetic Coupling Coefficient in Two-Phase Flow Conditions

Streaming potential is a promising method for a variety of hydrogeophysical applications, including the characterisation of the critical zone, contaminant transport or saline intrusion. A simple bundle of capillary tubes model that accounts for realistic pore and pore throat size distribution of porous rocks is presented in this paper to simulate the electrokinetic coupling coefficient and compared with previously published models. In contrast to previous studies, the non-monotonic pore size distribution function used in our model relies on experimental data for Berea sandstone samples. In our approach, we combined this explicit capillary size distribution with the alternating radius of each capillary tube to mimic pores and pore throats of real rocks. The simulation results obtained with our model predicts water saturation dependence of the relative electrokinetic coupling coefficient more accurately compared with previous studies. Compared with previous studies, our simulation results demonstrate that the relative coupling coefficient remains stable at higher water saturations but vanishes to zero more rapidly as water saturation approaches the irreducible value. This prediction is consistent with the published experimental data. Moreover, our model was more accurate compared with previously published studies in computing the true irreducible water saturation relative to the value reported in an experimental study on a Berea sandstone sample saturated with tap water and liquid CO2. Further modifications, including explicit modelling of the capillary trapping of the non-wetting phase, are required to improve the accuracy of the model.
Shielded open-circuited probe for in-situ measurements of soil permittivity in Very high frequency (VHF) and Ultra high frequency (UHF) bands

In this paper, the shielded open-circuited probe operating in the wide frequency range from 75MHz to 2GHz is proposed. The probe is made of an SubMiniature version A (SMA) flange connector. The central rod of the SMA connector emerges from a coaxial transition in the flange and shielded by four rods. The robe design allows us to calculate of the probe reflection coefficient S11 used simple analytical transmission line model (TEM wave mode), the parameters of which were calibrated on a set of substances with a known frequency spectrum of permittivity. The refractive index (RI) and normalized attenuation coefficient (NAC) retrieval technique is based on solving the inverse problem of minimizing the residual norm between measured and calculated frequency spectra of reflection coefficient S11. After calibration, the root-mean-square error (determination coefficient) between the measured and calculated module and phase of the reflection coefficient S11 for the sets of calibration media air, distilled water, butanol, pure ice, water solution with NaCl of salinity of 8.9% do not exceed 0.26dB (0.995) and 0.03 rad (0.999), respectively, in the frequency range from 75MHz to 2GHz. The root-mean-square error (determination coefficient) between the measured RI and NAC spectra for four soil cover samples (variation of the clay fraction from 10.5 g/g to 47.6 g/g) using the proposed probe and a precision coaxial cell not exceeds 0.109 (0.993) and 0.057 (0.986), respectively, in the frequency range from 75 MHz to 2 GHz. As a result, it is experimentally shown that RI и NAC can be measured by the proposed non-precision probe with an error comparable to the precision coaxial cell.
The influence of brand experience on satisfaction, uncertainty and brand loyalty: a focus on the golf club industry

PurposeUnderstanding the advantages of brand experience is important for brand managers to more effectively grow satisfied and loyal customers. To date, little research has examined the relationship between brand experience and customer satisfaction, uncertainty, and brand loyalty with sport products. Therefore, this study examined these relationships with golf club products in the golf industry.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from golf players in South Korea (n = 386) through online surveys. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to examine the relationship between the variables.FindingsThe results revealed that brand experience influences golfers' uncertainty toward other brands. In other words, doubts about the brand will decrease when consumers experience sensory, affective, behavioral, and intellectual interactions with a brand. Interestingly, brand experience does not influence golfers' satisfaction as indicated by previous studies. Also, findings showed that just having experience with a brand does not lead to golfers' loyalty.Originality/valueThis study helps to understand how consumers' direct experiences influence brand beliefs and attitudes. Moreover, this study is significant for sport marketing practitioners since it explores an alternative marketing approach to brand differentiation, which has the potential to attract and retain more customers.
Retaliating against abusive supervision with aggression and violence: The moderating role of organizational intolerance of aggression

ABSTRACT In this study, we examine the relationship between abusive supervision and employee retaliatory behaviours. We conceptualise retaliation as both in-kind retaliation (i.e. supervisor-directed aggression) and intensified retaliation (i.e. supervisor-directed violence) to abusive supervision. We explore whether organisational intolerance of aggression prevents these retaliatory responses. In a three-wave time-lagged study, we collected data from 233 employees. Our findings indicate that employees retaliate against abusive supervision by engaging in supervisor-directed aggression and supervisor-directed violence. We also find support for the moderating role of organisational intolerance of aggression: organisational intolerance moderated the relationship between abusive supervision and both types of retaliatory behaviours. We discuss the implications for how perceptions of organisational intolerance of aggression may work, and the importance of timing in preventing both abusive supervision and employee retaliation.
Improved blattoid insect and conchostracan zonation for the Late Carboniferous, Pennsylvanian, of Euramerica

Abstract For the biostratigraphy of mixed continental-marine and purely continental sections in the palaeotropical belt of Euramerica, 9 insect and 8 conchostracan zones are newly defined or improved. These zones encompass the time interval from the Early Pennsylvanian (middle Bashkirian) up into the early Permian (early Asselian) of the Euramercian biotic province. They are linked as much as possible to the marine Standard Global Chronostrigraphic Scale by common occurrences of insects and/or conchostracans with conodonts in mixed marine-continental sections as well as by the thus far available and reliable radioisotopic ages of associated volcanic rocks. This insect and conchostracan zonation is an alternative tool to the well-established macro-plant biostratigraphy of the Pennsylvanian. In contrast to the latter, only single specimens of insects or conchostracans, even if more rare than plant remains, allow biostratigraphic dating with a similar high temporal resolution.
How Just Culture and Personal Goals Moderate the Positive Relation between Commercial Pilots’ Safety Citizenship Behavior and Voluntary Incident Reporting

Flight safety is consistently influenced by pilots’ self-inflicted incidents in routine flight operations. For airlines, pilots’ reports on these incidents are essential input to learn from incidents (LFI) and for various safety management processes. This paper aims to explain the voluntary reporting behavior of pilots’ self-inflicted incidents from an occupational safety perspective. We investigate how the relation between pilots’ safety citizenship behavior (SCB) and reporting behavior is moderated by pilots’ fear, shame, goals, and goal-striving when reporting, as well as the influence of a just culture on the decision to report incidents. In total, 202 German commercial pilots participated in an online survey. The results showed that reporting behavior can be considered a specific form of self-intentional SCB, but should be differentiated into subtypes depending on a pilot’s unsafe acts (errors or violations) that caused the incident. Reporting behavior-specific motivational factors influenced different subtypes of reporting behavior: Just culture moderated a positive relation between SCB and reported incidents caused by violations. Moreover, depending on the subtype of reporting behavior, the relation was moderated by different types of goals in relation to the pilots. No moderating effects of fear or shame could be demonstrated. Our findings highlight the value of a just culture for encouraging goal-oriented reporting behavior in the context of LFI and safety management.
NAM-NMM Temperature Downscaling Using Personal Weather Stations to Study Urban Heat Hazards

Rising temperatures worldwide pose an existential threat to people, properties, and the environment. Urban areas are particularly vulnerable to temperature increases due to the heat island effect, which amplifies local heating. Throughout the world, several megacities experience summer temperatures that stress human survival. Generating very high-resolution temperature forecasts is a fundamental problem to mitigate the effects of urban warming. This paper uses the Analog Ensemble technique to downscale existing temperature forecast from a low resolution to a much higher resolution using private weather stations. A new downscaling approach, based on the reuse of the Analog Ensemble (AnEn) indices, resulted by the combination of days and Forecast Lead Time (FLT)s, is proposed. Specifically, temperature forecasts from the NAM-NMM Numerical Weather Prediction model at 12 km are downscaled using 83 Private Weather Stations data over Manhattan, New York City, New York. Forecasts for 84 h are generated, hourly for the first 36 h, and every three hours thereafter. The results are dense forecasts that capture the spatial variability of ambient conditions. The uncertainty associated with using non-vetted data is addressed.
Effects of R&D, networking and leadership roles on environmental innovation adoption in Vietnam’s SMEs

Abstract Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constitute a majority of firms, they still have little knowledge about environmental issues and generally encounter difficulties when integrating environmental aspects into their activities. Similar arguments are also highlighted by Ha et al. in the case of Vietnam. This paper, therefore, builds a guideline for promoting SMEs’ organisational environmental innovation adoption based on Environmental Standard Certification (ESC) by investigating the effects of R&D, networking, and leadership roles in Vietnam. By using SME survey data in Vietnam from 2011 to 2015, the empirical results show that R&D spending and organisational capabilities proxied by already owning ESC are positively associated with green innovation implementation. We also find that either collaboration with different partners, including competitors, banks, and public agents or communication networks, affects firms’ decisions on green innovations. The demographic characteristics of managers such as gender, educational level, and knowledge about the environmental laws play determining roles in these decisions. Finally, we advanced the literature by indicating the moderating effects of men in leadership roles and leaders with better related knowledge on the impacts of firms’ internal resources (R&D) and firms’ international orientation (export).
Open-Source Personality Trait Norms for the United Kingdom and Ireland

Abstract. Most copyrighted personality inventories facilitate norm-referencing through illustrative tables, yet their application to the many fields relevant to personality measurement is constrained by the need for stakeholders to possess the requisite financial resources to access them. Using an IPIP-NEO-300 dataset from Johnson’s IPIP-NEO data repository, we created open-source norm tables for different age groups (14–17 years; 18–25 years; and 30+ years) within a combined standardization sample from the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland ( N = 18,591). The newly created tables are freely available online ( https://osf.io/tbmh5 ), and there is no need to ask for permission to modify them. We provide general instructions that can be used to create open-source personality trait norms for other countries, settings, and age groups, as well as gender-specific norms. There is great potential for these norms to be used in various settings and their open-source freedoms may encourage future collaborations and investigations.
The determination of effective diffusion coefficient from the electrochemical impedance spectra of composite poly (vinyl alcohol) membranes

This study presents the effect of swelling on effective diffusion coefficient of the composite poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The PVA based membranes were cross‐linked by sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) or tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) to improve the ionic conductivity and suppress the swelling. The impedance spectra of the synthesized membranes were recorded and then fitted using Randles circuit. The values of the Warburg element were analyzed and the effective diffusion coefficient was calculated for membranes in dry or wet state. Obtained values were compared with those of the Nafion NR 212 and pure PVA. A significant dependency of effective diffusion coefficient on dimension change caused by swelling was measured. In case of SSA cross‐linking, an improvement of ionic conductivity by chemical modification was observed. However, the highly hydrophilic behavior of PVA SSA samples is limiting further utilization of membrane in applications such as methanol fuel cells. To improve the stability of membrane in the wet environment, the composite PVA SSA TEOS membrane was prepared. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019
Enhancement in hydrolytic stability and proton conductivity of optimised chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membrane with inorganic fillers

The study aimed to obtain a chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) (CS/SPVA) membrane with optimised hydrolytic stability and ion conduction properties by using the Taguchi method. Three factor variables including concentration of glutaraldehyde (GA), crosslinking temperature and crosslinking time were considered. An L18 orthogonal array along with the approach of larger‐the‐better was selected for the optimisation. The highest value in S/N ratio of −19.9947 was observed on sample set 9 without GA involvement, crosslinking temperature of 110°C and time of 90 minutes. The ionic conductivity and water uptake were 8.21 mS/cm and 82.05%, respectively, compared to 7.34 mS/cm and 215.9% of the nonoptimised CS/SPVA15. Further inspection with the incorporation of inorganic fillers (titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2) and sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO)) was conducted on the optimised CS/SPVA15. The thermomechanical properties of CS/SPVA15 composite membrane was improved with inorganic fillers. In terms of electrochemical properties, ionic conductivity was reduced because of the enhancement in thermal stability. The inorganic filler inhibits the accessible functional groups and increase the ionic resistance of CS/SPVA15 composite membrane. Amongst all samples, CS/SPVA15‐SGO is the most optimised with a minor trade‐off in ionic conductivity (6.82 mS/cm) and IEC (0.8866 mequiv/g) compared with CS/SPVA15, whilst delivering an exceptional hydrolytic stability (76.41%).
Automatic Calibration for CE-QUAL-W2 Model Using Improved Global-Best Harmony Search Algorithm

CE-QUAL-W2 is widely used for simulating hydrodynamics and water quality of the aquatic environments. Currently, the model calibration is mainly based on trial and error, and therefore it is subject to the knowledge and experience of users. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has been tested for automatic calibration of CE-QUAL-W2, but it has an issue of prematurely converging to a local optimum. In this study, we proposed an Improved Global-Best Harmony Search (IGHS) algorithm to automatically calibrate the CE-QUAL-W2 model to overcome these shortcomings. We tested the performance of the IGHS calibration method by simulating water temperature of Devils Lake, North Dakota, which agreed with field observations with R2 = 0.98, and RMSE = 1.23 and 0.77 °C for calibration (2008–2011) and validation (2011–2016) periods, respectively. The same comparison, but with the PSO-calibrated CE-QUAL-W2 model, produced R2 = 0.98 and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) = 1.33 and 0.91 °C. Between the two calibration methods, the CE-QUAL-W2 model calibrated by the IGHS method could lower the RMSE in water temperature simulation by approximately 7–15%.
Causal Mechanisms of Sea-level and Freshwater Content Change in the Beaufort Sea

In the Arctic’s Beaufort Sea, the rate of sea-level rise over the last two decades has been an order of magnitude greater than that of its global mean. This rapid regional sea-level rise is mainly a halosteric change, reflecting an increase in Beaufort Sea’s freshwater content comparable to that associated with the Great Salinity Anomaly of the 1970s in the North Atlantic Ocean. Here we provide a new perspective of these Beaufort Sea variations by quantifying their causal mechanisms from 1992 to 2017 using a global, data-constrained ocean and sea-ice estimate of the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) consortium. Our analysis reveals wind and sea-ice jointly driving the variations. Seasonal variation mainly reflects near-surface change due to annual melting and freezing of sea-ice, while interannual change extends deeper and mostly relates to wind-driven Ekman transport. Increasing wind stress and sea-ice melt are, however, equally important for decadal change that dominates the overall variation. Strengthening anticyclonic wind stress surrounding the Beaufort Sea intensifies the ocean’s lateral Ekman convergence of relatively fresh near-surface waters. The strengthening stress also enhances convergence of sea-ice and ocean heat that increase the amount of Beaufort Sea’s net sea-ice melt. The enhanced significance at longer time-scales of sea-ice melt relative to direct wind forcing can be attributed to ocean’s advection and mixing of melt-water being slower than its dynamic adjustment to mechanical perturbations. The adjustments’ difference implies that the sea-ice-melt-driven diabatic change will persist longer than the direct wind-driven kinematic anomaly.
Phosphatic carapace of the waptiid arthropod Chuandianella ovata and biomineralization of ecdysozoans

Arthropods other than trilobites or bradoriids constitute a major component of many Cambrian Burgess‐Shale‐type Lagerstätten. Owing to their scarcity in other less well‐preserved deposits, they are generally regarded as lightly sclerotized but non‐mineralized. Here we show that Chuandianella ovata, one of the typical lightly sclerotized arthropods from the Chengjiang biota, reinforced its carapace with phosphatic mineralization. Multiple methods reveal a pitted microstructure and organophosphatic composition of the carapace. Nanogranules of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) on the fossil carapace are comparable to those of recent crustacean microstructures, implying that arthropods may have a conserved mechanism of phosphatic mineralization since the Cambrian. The fossil record indicates that the mineralization of ecdysozoans, preceded by the mineralization of lophotrochozoans in the Terreneuvian (~541–521 Ma), appeared in Cambrian Stage 3 (~521–514 Ma) and surpassed the range of living counterparts in phylogenetic coverage. This phenomenon strengthens the view that biomineralization has evolved multiple times independently within the Metazoa. The sudden appearance of mineralized skeletons in the early history of metazoan evolution is frequently attributed to external environment drivers. However, this viewpoint cannot explain the minerology and appearance time of metazoan lineages with mineralized hard parts during the Cambrian explosion.
Cancer Risk Behaviors, Cancer Beliefs, and Health Information Seeking Among Under-Represented Populations in San Francisco: Differences by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

Purpose: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals in the United States are at increased risk of cancer compared to the non-SGM population. Understanding how SGM persons perceive cancer risk and their practices and preferences for accessing health information is key for improving the preventive and health care services they receive. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from the San Francisco Health Information National Trends Survey. SGM individuals were identified by self-report. Differences in cancer risk factors, cancer beliefs, and health information seeking were evaluated by SGM status using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Out of 1027 participants, 130 (13%) reported being SGM individuals. Current smoking (odds ratio [OR]=1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.24–3.01) and alcohol use (OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.10–2.59) were more common among SGM persons than among non-SGM persons. No differences by SGM status were observed in health information seeking behaviors, preferences, and cancer beliefs, but SGM participants reported significantly higher odds of feeling frustrated (OR=1.78, 95% CI=1.20–2.64) and having concerns about the quality of the information (OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.03–2.31) during their most recent health information search. Conclusions: Intervention efforts aimed at SGM individuals with current use of tobacco and/or alcohol should be expanded. SGM communities also need improved access to consistent, reliable, and accurate sources of health information. Their increased frustration when seeking health information and concerns about the quality of the information they find have important implications for SGM health and care, and the drivers of these differences merit further evaluation.
Comparative Appraisal of Critical Gap Estimation Techniques in the Context of U-turning Vehicles

Critical gap is a crucial factor for capacity estimation and safety evaluation at uncontrolled mid-block median openings (MBMOs). The U-turning vehicle makes a U-turn when a sufficient gap between two fast-moving vehicles is available in the approaching through traffic (ATT) stream. Even though, worldwide, temporal gaps are extensively used, the spatial gap is an important parameter that significantly affects minor street vehicles’ safety (U-turning vehicles in this study). The present research, undertaken in India, focuses on estimating the temporal and spatial critical gap of U-turning vehicles at uncontrolled MBMOs. The collected data were analyzed for six different types of U-turning vehicles at varying approaching through traffic volume (ATTV). For critical gap estimation, four different critical gap estimation techniques, namely, modified Raff method (MRM), Ashworth method, binary logit model (BLM) method, and occupancy time (OT) method were employed, separately. From the analysis, temporal and spatial critical gaps were observed to vary between different types of vehicle, and it was also observed to vary with ATTV. The critical gap values of this study were found to be smaller than the critical values reported in developed countries, signifying the aggressive driving nature of drivers in developing countries. A detailed appraisal of the different critical gap estimation methods has been carried out. From this analysis, the OT method was found to provide the closest critical gap values with the published literature compared with other methods. Lastly, the findings from the present study will be useful for capacity estimation and safety evaluation at MBMO.