Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HYSTERECTOMIES

Objective: To audit indications and histopathological diagnosis of hysterectomies performed at Muhammad Medical College hospital, Mirpurkhas. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Pathology, Muhammad Medical College Hospital, Mirpurkhas Sindh from January to December 2008. Methodology: Data regarding symptoms and indications of hysterectomies performed during this year were collected from files and patient records. Histopathological reports of those patients were collected from department of pathology. The results were analyzed by percentages. Results: A total of 145 hysterectomies were performed in 2008. Mean age of patients was 45years ranging from 35-60 years and parity ranges from 4 – 10. Most common presenting complaints were excessive menstrual blood loss in 97(67%) patients, followed by some thing coming out of vagina 28(19%). Most common pre-operative diagnosis of fibroid was made in 44 (33%) followed by uterovaginal prolapse in 28(19%) and dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) in 18(12%) of patients. Regarding histopathological diagnosis chronic cervicitis was the most commonly diagnosed pathology in 45 (31%) followed by fibroid in 25(17%) cases. Conclusions: A yearly audit should be conducted in every institute to collect data and to analyze the pattern of indication and lesions found on histopathological examination.
Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the Quinoa Seedling Response to High Relative Humidity Stress

Quinoa is of great interest because it is cold- and drought-resistant; however, little research has been performed on quinoa under high relative humidity (RH) stress. In this study, quinoa seedlings of a highly HR-resistant variety (“Dianli-439”) and a sensitive variety (“Dianli-969”) were subjected to morphological and physiological measurements and metabolome and transcriptome analyses to investigate their response to high RH stress. In total, 1060 metabolites were detected, and lipids and flavonoids were the most abundant, with 173 and 167 metabolites, respectively. In total, 13,095 differentially expressed genes were identified, and the results showed that abscisic acid, auxin, and jasmonic-acid-related genes involved in plant hormone signaling may be involved in the response of quinoa seedlings to high RH stress. The analysis of the transcription factors revealed that the AP2/ERF family may also play an important role in the response to high RH stress. We identified the possible regulatory mechanisms of the hormone signaling pathways under high RH stress. Our findings can provide a basis for the selection and identification of highly resistant quinoa varieties and the screening of the metabolite-synthesis- and gene-regulation-related mechanisms in quinoa in response to RH stress.
Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase: Without Complications among Iraqi Patients

The current study includes (130) T2DM patients (group P) [51 males and 79 females with an ages range (35 to 55) and ages mean 49.89 years], they are sub-grouped into three categories according to their HbA1c value. patients with HbA1c less than 7 are considered as good controlled diabetic patients (30 patients) (group P1), while patients with HbA1c between 7 and 8 are considered as medium controlled diabetic patients (40 patients) (group P2), and the patient whom their HbA1c more than 8 are considered as uncontrolled diabetic patients (50 patients) (group P3). The patients group results are compared to control healthy subjects (35 subjects) (group C) [14 males and 21 Females with age range 45.51 years] matched for age, gender and BMI were included in the study. Patients and controls groups were characterized in terms of age (year), duration of DM (year), body mass index (BMI) (Kg/ m2) , serum insulin (μIU/ml) , fasting serum glucose (FSG) (mg/dl), Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) parameters using HOMA2 calculator, MDA (mmol/L) using TBA reaction method, \and EC-SOD activity (U/ml) , using riboflavin/NBT method. were measured for patients and control subjects. The HbA1c, FSG, FSI and I.R have been found to be significantly higher in diabetic patients group (P) in comparison to group C. The HOMA parameters (S% and β%) have been found to be significantly higher in group C as compared to diabetic patients group (group P), serum specific SOD activity, EC-SOD activity found to be significantly higher in control group C in comparison to patients group P. Serum MDA level showed a significantly higher value in diabetic patients group P in comparison to control group C. The FSG, FSI and I.R have been showed that they are increased as HbA1c increase, i.e. these parameter were higher in group P3 compared with group P2, group P1 and group C. HOMA parameters (S% and β%) have shown a significant decrease as HbA1c increase, i.e. these parameter were lesser in group P3 than group P2, and were higher in group P2 than group p1, although these parameters were lower in patients group P than control group C. and serum EC-SOD activity were decreased as HbA1c increase, i.e. SOD activity, specific SOD activity and serum EC-SOD activity were found to be significantly higher in group P1 comparing with group P2 and P3, while serum MDA level in group P3 was significantly higher than group P2, and P1. The serum MDA level in group P1 and group P2 showed a significant positive correlation with age. In group P3, MDA showed a significant negative correlation with serum Cr level, while, a significant positive correlation was observed with age, duration of DM, and HbA1c. We can conclude that the T2DM patients have a risk of oxidative stress due to increasing the level of serum MDA and decreasing EC-SOD activity. The HbA1c value between 7 to 8 % can not be considered as an acceptable HbA1c value, due the severing of oxidative stress rising manifested clearly in this patients group.
Sensors in the Detection of Abused Substances in Forensic Contexts: A Comprehensive Review

Forensic toxicology plays a pivotal role in elucidating the presence of drugs of abuse in both biological and solid samples, thereby aiding criminal investigations and public health initiatives. This review article explores the significance of sensor technologies in this field, focusing on diverse applications and their impact on the determination of drug abuse markers. This manuscript intends to review the transformative role of portable sensor technologies in detecting drugs of abuse in various samples. They offer precise, efficient, and real-time detection capabilities in both biological samples and solid substances. These sensors have become indispensable tools, with particular applications in various scenarios, including traffic stops, crime scenes, and workplace drug testing. The integration of portable sensor technologies in forensic toxicology is a remarkable advancement in the field. It has not only improved the speed and accuracy of drug abuse detection but has also extended the reach of forensic toxicology, making it more accessible and versatile. These advancements continue to shape forensic toxicology, ensuring swift, precise, and reliable results in criminal investigations and public health endeavours.
Wetland shoreline recession in the Mississippi River Delta from petroleum oiling and cyclonic storms

We evaluate the relative impact of petroleum spill and storm surge on near‐shore wetland loss by quantifying the lateral movement of coastal shores in upper Barataria Bay, Louisiana (USA), between June 2009 and October 2012, a study period that extends from the year prior to the Deepwater Horizon spill to 2.5 years following the spill. We document a distinctly different pattern of shoreline loss in the 2 years following the spill, both from that observed in the year prior to the spill, during which there was no major cyclonic storm, and from change related to Hurricane Isaac, which made landfall in August 2012. Shoreline erosion following oiling was far more spatially extensive and included loss in areas protected from wave‐induced erosion. We conclude that petroleum exposure can substantially increase shoreline recession particularly in areas protected from storm‐induced degradation and disproportionally alters small oil‐exposed barrier islands relative to natural erosion.
Phenotypic Characterization of 2D and 3D Prostate Cancer Cell Systems Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in men. A challenge in treating prostate cancer is overcoming cell plasticity, which links cell phenotype changes and chemoresistance. In this work, a microfluidic device coupled with electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), an electrode-based cell characterization technique, was used to study the electrical characteristics of phenotype changes for (1) prostate cancer cell lines (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells), (2) cells grown in 2D monolayer and 3D suspension cell culture conditions, and (3) cells in the presence (or absence) of the anti-cancer drug nigericin. To validate observations of phenotypic change, we measured the gene expression of two epithelial markers, E-cadherin (CDH1) and Tight Junction Protein 1 (ZO-1). Our results showed that PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells were discernible with EIS. Secondly, moderate phenotype changes based on differences in cell culture conditions were detected with EIS and supported by the gene expression of CDH1. Lastly, we showed that EIS can detect chemoresistant-related cell phenotypes with nigericin drug treatment. EIS is a promising label-free tool for detecting cell phenotype changes associated with chemoresistance. Further development will enable the detection and characterization of many other types of cancer cells.
Immunohistochemical Stain-Aided Annotation Accelerates Machine Learning and Deep Learning Model Development in the Pathologic Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial cancer originating in the nasopharynx epithelium. Nevertheless, annotating pathology slides remains a bottleneck in the development of AI-driven pathology models and applications. In the present study, we aim to demonstrate the feasibility of using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for annotation by non-pathologists and to develop an efficient model for distinguishing NPC without the time-consuming involvement of pathologists. For this study, we gathered NPC slides from 251 different patients, comprising hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides, pan-cytokeratin (Pan-CK) IHC slides, and Epstein–Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER) slides. The annotation of NPC regions in the H&E slides was carried out by a non-pathologist trainee who had access to corresponding Pan-CK IHC slides, both with and without EBER slides. The training process utilized ResNeXt, a deep neural network featuring a residual and inception architecture. In the validation set, NPC exhibited an AUC of 0.896, with a sensitivity of 0.919 and a specificity of 0.878. This study represents a significant breakthrough: the successful application of deep convolutional neural networks to identify NPC without the need for expert pathologist annotations. Our results underscore the potential of laboratory techniques to substantially reduce the workload of pathologists.
NON-BREEDING FEEDING ECOLOGY OF TERRITORIAL BONELLIS EAGLES HIERAAETUS FASCIATUS IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA ECOLOGÍA TRÓFICA DE LAS ÁGUILAS-AZOR PERDICERAS HIERAAETUS FASCIATUS TERRITORIALES DURANTE EL PERIODO NO REPRODUCTOR EN LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA

raptors remains largely unknown since most of diet studies are usually restricted to a half of the year, the breeding season, probably due to the easiness for recovering food data related to the association of individuals to nesting sites. Contrary, during the non-breeding season birds are difficult to locate and information on diet is scarce, causing lack in overall knowledge and comprehension of feeding habits (Cramp and Simmons, 1980; del Hoyo et al., 1994; Ferguson-Lees and Christie, 2001). Because of food is one of the main limiting factors for birds of prey (Newton, 1979), this shortage in basic information during a long life-period of such species should be urgently addressed. In this sense, the diet of nonbreeding period have proved to influence the healthy of birds, body condition and the reproductive output in the subsequent breeding attempt (Newton, 1979; Gonzalez, 1991), finally leading to a strong limitation of both density and survival of a number of bird species (see a review in Newton, 1998). Hence the study on non-breeding diet in raptors, a group of species usually threatened (del Hoyo et al., 1994; Tucker and Heath, 1994), is not only an important aspect to promote the ecology knowledge but also a necessary tool to plan adequately conservation measures. The Bonelli s eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus is an endangered bird of prey (Tucker and Heath, 1994; Real, 2004) inhabiting the Mediterranean coast, Middle East and southern Asia (del Hoyo et al., 1994; Ferguson-Lees and Christie, 2001). Dietary studies on this species are frequently related to the breeding season and restricted around European continent (Jordano, 1981; Palma et al., 1984; Fernandez and Insausti, 1986; Real, 1987; Salvo, 1988; Simeon and Wilhelm, 1988; Rico et al., 1990; Real, 1991; Gil-Sanchez et al., 1994; Leiva et al., 1994; NON-BREEDING FEEDING ECOLOGY OF TERRITORIAL BONELLI S EAGLES HIERAAETUS FASCIATUS IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA
Nature-Based Tourism In The Algarve: A Fact Or A Myth?

The Algarve is a mature destination in the south of Portugal and is mainly well-known for its offerings of sun and sea. In addition to strong seasonal changes, the region also faces strong competition from other nearby destinations, which has affected its ability to better attract tourists. Regional stakeholders have recognized the need to diversify the tourist experience, and a strong effort has been dedicated to the development of complementary tourist products, with special attention to eco-tourism. The present study uses data from a survey of tourists who visited the Algarve in December 2010 (low season) to determine the extent to which tourists visiting the region would actively search for nature related activities, and the profile of these individuals. In particular, the study aims to understand whether these tourists share environmentally friendly values or, instead, have chosen the Algarve based on its attributes of traditional appealing climatic conditions and beaches. Depending on whether nature-based tourism in the Algarve is a fact or a myth, strategies for repositioning the destination can be adapted, new tourist products can be proposed and communication campaigns may need to be rethought.
Correlation of serum kisspeptin and leptin with non-obstructive azoospermia: A cross-sectional study in a subset of Karachi population

Objective: To determine the association of serum kisspeptin, leptin, and other hormonal profile with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in infertile male subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Australian Concept Infertility Medical Center, and Ziauddin University, Karachi from March 2018 to March 2020. The duration of the study was two years. Serum samples of 106 azoospermic participants were taken. Division of the subjects was done on a histological basis into obstructive azoospermia (OA) n=36, NOA n=70 which were further divided into spermatid maturation arrest (SMA), n=41, and sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) n=29. Serum kisspeptin and leptin were measured by ELISA (Cloud-Clone Corp). Results: The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (p<0.01), luteinizing hormone (LH) (p<0.01), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (p<0.01), and estradiol (p<0.01) was significantly high in the NOA group. However, kisspeptin was significantly decreased (p<0.01) in the NOA group. In the multivariate analysis after adjusting for other variables, the results showed that with the decrease in kisspeptin, the chances of being NOA were increased. Moreover, with the increase in Leptin, FSH, LH, and TSH the chances of being NOA were significantly enhanced. Conclusion: Serum kisspeptin, leptin, FSH, LH, TSH, and estradiol can be a potential marker for NOA in terms of better diagnosis, targeted therapeutic management, and the decision to proceed with surgical intervention.
Origin of various mineral assemblages of the Mineoka metamorphic rocks from Kamogawa, Boso Peninsula, central Japan

Various mineral assemblages are observed in the Mineoka metamorphic rocks of basic and siliceous compositions from Byobu-jima, Kamogawa fishing port. Major basic schists are divided into two groups, hematite-bearing and ilmenite-pyrrhotite-bearing. These rocks often contain a rutile-sphene-quartz-calcite sub-assemblage in common, which may have been a buffer of CO2 and thereby H2O fugacities in these graphite-free rocks during metamorphism (estimated XCO2 is around 0.3). The hematite-bearing rocks have a mineral assemblage defining the epidote-amphibolite facies whereas the ilmenite-pyrrhotite-bearing rocks the amphibolite facies, showing the great effect of oxygen fugacity on the silicate mineral mineral assemblages in basic schists. The aegirinaugite-bearing sillceous schists always contain a small amount of K-feldspar in addition to albite, while the epidote-bearing rocks are free of K-feldspar. Thus the occurrence of aegirinaugite is restricted to the rocks deficient in alumina. Some of the aegirinaugite-bearing rocks contain piedmontie and biotie rich in copper and manganese, indicating extremely high oxygen and very low sulfur fugacities in these rocks during metamorphism. Minor psammitic schist occasionally includes pebbles of (alkali) granite, offering a new insight into the sedimentary environment of the original rocks of the Mineoka metamorphi rocks. Estimated metamorphic pressure and temperature are 5 kb and 500-550°C, respectively.
Bilateral Deficits in Dynamic Postural Stability in Females Persist Years after Unilateral ACL Injury and Are Modulated by the Match between Injury Side and Leg Dominance

Previous research has documented brain plasticity after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear and suggests that these neural adaptations contribute to poorer motor control. Since both brain hemispheres show adaptations, we hypothesized that reduced dynamic stability occurs not only in the injured, but also the contralateral, uninjured leg. Further, given brain hemispheric specialization’s impact on motor coordination, we hypothesized the need to consider the injury side. A total of 41 female athletes and 18 controls performed single-leg jump-landings. Dynamic postural stability was measured as time-to-stabilization (TTS). We found reduced medio-lateral dynamic stability for the ACL injured leg (p = 0.006) with a similar trend for the contralateral leg (p = 0.050) compared to the control group. However, when distinguishing between injuries to the dominant and non-dominant legs, we found increased medio-lateral TTS only if the injury had occurred on the dominant side where landings on injured (p = 0.006) and contralateral (p = 0.036) legs required increased TTS. Assessments of dynamic stability, e.g., in the context of return-to-sport, should consider the injury side and compare results not only between the injured and the contralateral leg, but also to uninjured controls. Future research should not pool data from the dominant-leg ACL with non-dominant-leg ACL injuries when assessing post-injury motor performance.
Benzo[4’,5’]imidazo[2’,1’:6,1]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines: Past and Present

Synthetic approaches to the construction of the heterocyclic benzo[4’,5’]imidazo[2’,1’:6,1]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine system based on heterocyclizations of substituted benzimidazoles and a new alternative strategy based on 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidinyl-5-propanoic acids are considered. The latter method has been shown to be a successful addition to previously described methods, since it allows one to bypass the significant limitations associated with the use of substituted benzimidazoles and allows the introduction of functional substituents at different positions of the heterocycle that are inaccessible by other methods. The available information on derivatives of this heterocyclic system and their biological properties is summarized.
Variation in Hyperbilirubinemia Levels of Male and Female Newborns in Physiological Jaundice: A Retrospective Study

Physiological jaundice is the most common condition that requires medical attention and hospital readmission of neonates. About 60% of term and 80% of preterm babies develop jaundice in the first week of life. Furthermore, about 10% of breastfed babies stay with jaundice until the age of 1 month. In the current study, a total of 139 neonates were evaluated for physiological jaundice in which 89 (64%) were male neonates and 50 (36%) were female neonates. Blood samples were collected under aseptic conditions. All samples were performed on Roche/Hitachi COBASc, based on the spectrophotometric technique. The mean SD (15.867±5.57) was calculated for the total, direct, and indirect bilirubin in neonates who were divided into 3 groups based on the number of days, that is, 1-2, 3-5, and 6-22 days, respectively. For indirect bilirubin in the age group of 1-2, ±SD was 13.80±5.41 in males, whereas it was ±10.40 in females, while the p-value < 0.01 was significant. Hyperbilirubinemia is associated with bilirubin due to a higher mass of red blood cells. It was found that the total, direct, and indirect bilirubin significantly increased in the 1st to 5th day of life after birth with male neonates being more vulnerable to pathological jaundice as compared to female neonates.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENTS ON THE INITIAL GROWTH OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS

This study examined the effects of different levels of distillery effluents (referred to as RSW, BSW, and LS) on two varieties of soybean (Glycine max) called Punjab-1 and Alankar collected from Shamli Distillery and Chemical Works at Shamli (U.P.). In the study, concentrations ranged between 0.5% to 55% were used. Standard tap water was used as a control. Workers conducted germination tests on seeds of both soybean varieties with various levels of effluent treatments. The results showed that at lesser concentrations, there was a noticeable increment in both the proportion of germination and the germination rate index. However, if the concentration exceeded 5% for RSW and 10% for BSW and LS effluents, it hindered seed germination. These trends remained similar pertaining to the growth and biochemical aspects of plants from the two cultivars