Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-stage Transanal Endorectal Pull-Through for Hirschsprung’s Disease: A Retrospective Study of Surgico-pathological Correlations and Technical Considerations

Background: Transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT) is a well-established operation for the management of rectosigmoid and short-segment Hirschsprung's disease (HD). A well-performed contrast enema (CE) is an essential road map for the surgeon when attempting the TEPT. We looked at the surgicopathological–radiological correlations and technical considerations of this procedure and discussed our experience over a decade. TEPT essentially relies on radiological mapping of the disease correlating with intraoperative and pathological findings. Some investigators opine that the radiological correlation of the transition zone (rTZ) with the pathological transition zone (pTZ) is accurate whereas others disagree. We review our experience in managing HD patients with TEPT, in terms of pre-operative workup and operative and pathological considerations. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done in a single unit, from January 2010 to January 2020. Forty-seven patients who met the inclusion criteria such as short-segment HD and uncomplicated HD underwent CE before surgery. The patients included in the review underwent a primary TEPT. For each patient, we identified the radiological transition zone (rTZ) on the contrast enema, the gross transition zone (gTZ) on intraoperatively visual examination, the frozen section transition zone (fTZ) on intraoperative analysis of the frozen section specimens (fTZ), and the pathological transition zone (pTZ) on permanent paraffin blocks of the specimens. We determined the strength of correlation of the rTZ, the gTZ and the fTZ with reference to the pTZ. Results: Forty-seven patients underwent single-stage transanal pull-through. There were 40 males. There were 8 neonates, 20 infants and 19 children (>12 months of age). The mean age at diagnosis was 8.7 days (3–20 days) for the neonates, 5.11 months (2–12 months) for the infants and 4.3 years (1.5–9 years) for children. In our study, 85% correlation was noted between the rTZ and the pTZ (τb = 0.362, P = 0.006). There was an excellent correlation between the intraoperative gTZ, fTZ and the pTZ in all patients except one (97.8%, τb = 0.942, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The TEPT is a feasible option to manage carefully selected patients with rectosigmoid HD. The presence of robust support from pathology and a properly carried out CE are essential parameters to be considered before successfully undertaking these operations. The functional outcomes of TEPT are comparable with other procedures for HD with the added advantage of it being a scar-less and a stoma-less approach.
Geographic Variation in Scalation and Size of the Black Whip Snakes (Squamata: Elapidae: Demansia Vestigiata Complex): Evidence for Two Broadly Sympatric Species

The systematics and nomenclature of the black whip snakes have been the subject of lengthy and complex discussion. Examination of 512 specimens in Australian museums, including type specimens, shows that there are two species in the complex: Demansia papuensis (Macleay, 1877) and D. vestigiata (de Vis, 1884). When sexual dimorphism is taken into account, they are readily distinguished by scalation, size and to a lesser extent, colour, and are broadly sympatric in northern and north-eastern Australia. The smaller species with fewer ventral and subcaudal scales, Demansia vestigiata, is more broadly distributed, reaching southeastern Queensland and southern coastal New Guinea. Despite the name, D. papuensis is not known with certainty from New Guinea.
Morphine-3 (cid:1) - D -glucuronide Suppresses Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Rat Substantia Gelatinosa

High doses of intrathecally applied morphine or morphine-3 (cid:1) D -glucuronide (M3G) produce allodynia and hyperalgesia. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from substantia gelatinosa neurons in transverse slices of adult rat lumbar spinal cord to compare the actions of M3G with those of the (cid:2) -opioid agonist, DAMGO ([ D -Ala 2 , N -Met-Phe 4 ,Gly-ol 5 ]-en-kephalin), and the ORL 1 agonist, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/ OFQ). M3G (1–100 (cid:2) M) had little or no effect on evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSC) and no effect on postsynaptic membrane conductance. In contrast, 1 (cid:2) M DAMGO and 1 (cid:2) M N/OFQ reduced the amplitude of evoked EPSCs and activated an inwardly rectifying K (cid:1) conductance. M3G did not attenuate the effect of DAMGO or N/OFQ on evoked EPSC amplitude. However, 1 to 100 (cid:2) M M3G reduced the amplitude of evoked GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) by up to 48%. This effect was naloxone-insensitive. The evoked IPSC was also attenuated by DAMGO, but not by N/OFQ. Because M3G reduced the frequency of tetrodotoxin-insensitive miniature IPSCs and in- creased paired-pulse facilitation, it appeared to act presynap-tically to disinhibit substantia gelatinosa neurons. This effect, which does not appear to involve (cid:2) -opioid or ORL 1 receptors, may contribute to the allodynia and hyperalgesia observed after intrathecal application of high doses of morphine.
EFFECT OF SOWING DATES AND DIRECT SEEDING AND TRANSPLANTING METHODS ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS, AND GRAIN YIELD OF CANOLA UNDER AHVAZ CONDITIONS

Direct seeding of canola after summer crops has not proved to be suitable, because of low establishment. This experiment was carried out in order to compare of direct seeding and transplanting methods of canola hybrid Hayola 308 in Khuzestan agricultral research center during 2002 and 2003 cropping cycles. A strip plot arrangement in randomized complete block design was used, with 5 planting dates (Oct, 10 and 20, Nov.1, 10and 20) as horizontal plots and two direct seeding and transplanting methods as vertical plots. Means comparision showed that 40 days delay in sowing date lead to increasing of 3.5 days of sowing to germination interval and 11.4 and 33.0 days in flowering and maturity respectively. It also decreaed pods per plants by 35.9, grains per pods by 2.7, grain yield to 1762.5 kg/ha and oil yield to 938 kg/ha. The transplanting method increased duration to flowering by 1.9 days, pods per plant 57.2 and grains per pod by 1.4, grain yield by 492 kg/ha and oil yield by 162.6 kg/ha. The interaction between sowing dates and planting methods showed that there are significant differences interactions between direct seeding and transplanting methods specially in late sowing dates. Considering economic yield, planting date of canola is recommended from Oct.10 to Nov. 1. Using transplanting method Nov. 10 until Nov. 20 would be suitable. In addition, transplanting method of canola is recommended for recovering the no or low established patches in the field.
The interplay between

The complexity and diversity of today’s media landscape provides many challenges for scholars studying online news consumption. Yet it is unclear how news consumers navigate online. Moving forward, we used a custom-built browser plug-in—passively tracking Dutch online news consumers 24/7—to examine how context features (website) and content features (news topic) affect patterns of online news consumption. This resulted in a data set containing more than 1 million Web pages, from 175 websites (news websites, search engines, social media), collected over 8 months in 2017/18. We used automated content analysis to retrieve news topics, and estimated Markov chains to detect consumption patterns. Our findings indicate that news consumers often directly visit their favorite (typically mainstream) news outlet, and continue browsing within that outlet. We also found a strong preference for entertainment news over any other topic. Although social media often offer entertainment news, they are not necessarily the starting point to such news.
Altered levels of blood proteins in Alzheimer's disease Altered levels of blood proteins in Alzheimer's disease longitudinal study: Results from Australian Imaging Biomarkers longitudinal study: Results from Australian Imaging Biomarkers Lifestyle Study of Ageing cohort Lifestyle Study of Ageing coh

Introduction: A blood-based biomarker panel to identify individuals with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would be an inexpensive and accessible ﬁrst step for routine testing. Methods: We analyzed 14 biomarkers that have previously been linked to AD in the Australian Imaging Biomarkers lifestyle longitudinal study of aging cohort. Results: Levels of apolipoprotein J (apoJ) were higher in AD individuals compared with healthy controls at baseline and 18 months ( P 5 .0003) and chemokine-309 (I-309) were increased in AD patients compared to mild cognitive impaired individuals over 36 months ( P 5 .0008). Discussion: These data suggest that apoJ may have potential in the context of use (COU) of AD diagnostics, I-309 may be speciﬁcally useful in the COU of identifying individuals at greatest risk for progressing toward AD.This work takes an initialstep toward identifyingblood biomarkers withpotential use in the diagnosis and prognosis of AD and should be validated across other prospective cohorts. (cid:1) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Alzheimer’s Association. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ 4.0/).
Trajectories of Depressive Individual Symptoms over Time during Transcranial Photobiomodulation

Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) is an innovative, non-invasive treatment for depression. This study aimed to investigate the changes in individual depressive symptoms during t-PBM treatment and identify the symptoms that improved in those who responded to treatment. The research analyzed data from two trials, the Evaluation of Light-emitting diodes Therapeutic Effect in Depression-2 and -3, focusing on patients with major depressive disorder. The patients received t-PBM treatment on the F3 and F4 regions of the scalp over eight weeks, with symptoms assessed weekly using the Quick Inventory for Depression Symptomatology (QIDS). A response was defined as a 50% or greater reduction in the QIDS score at eight weeks from baseline. Out of the 21 patients analyzed, 4 responded at eight weeks. Neurovegetative symptoms, including sleep disturbances and change in appetite, improved in ≥50% of the patients who had these symptoms at baseline. However, core depressive symptoms, including a depressed mood and lack of energy, persisted in about 80–90% of the patients. The responders showed a more than 75% improvement in these core depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that t-PBM treatment may uniquely alleviate certain neurovegetative symptoms in depression, and the improvement in core depressive symptoms might be linked to a clinical response to this treatment.
LINC00662 promotes melanoma progression by competitively binding miR-107 and activating the β-catenin signaling pathway

Melanoma is a highly malignant tumor in the body. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the development of various tumors. Emerging evidence demonstrates the critical role of lncRNAs in melanoma development. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression, biological function and regulatory mechanism of LINC00662 in melanomas. First, we found that LINC00662 was up-regulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines. High expression of LINC00662 in melanomas was associated with a poor patient prognosis. Silencing of LINC00662 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of LINC00662 promoted melanoma cell proliferation in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase assay, and RIP assay confirmed that LINC00662 competitively regulated miR-107. Silencing of LINC00662 upregulated miR-107 expression in a melanoma cell line. Inhibition of miR-107 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of LINC00662 silencing on cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, POU3F2 was validated as a downstream target of LINC00662/miR107 and was downregulated when LINC00662 was silenced. Overexpressing POU3F2 attenuated the effect of si-LINC00662 on cellular functions. In addition, the results also showed that the β-catenin pathway was involved in a si-LINC00662-induced function in melanoma. Overall, our results confirmed that LINC00662 promoted melanoma progression by sponging miR107 and inducing POU3F2, highlighting the mechanism of the LINC00662/miR-107/POU3F2 axis in melanoma cell proliferation and invasion.
Using household types for improving livelihood strategies of smallholders: coffee and cocoa producers in the Northern Amazon of Ecuador

Supporting smallholders’ livelihoods in fragile and biodiversity rich regions such as rainforests is a priority of many development agencies and national governments. These regions tend to be characterized by recent settlements, increasing population and infrastructure, as well as land use competing activities that put pressure upon fragile ecosystems. Research aimed at improving livelihood strategies often focuses on increasing yields and productivity, but fails to account for alternative measures such as improving agricultural practices, changing land use or improving commercialization. This paper uses household types defined according to different land use patterns in the northern Amazon region of Ecuador to explore limitations and identify future options for improving livelihood strategies based in the small-scale production of coffee and cocoa. Results for application to four types are discussed, which highlight the utility of the method and identify trade-offs in terms of environmental and social goals versus profitability. Lessons are drawn that can inform public policies oriented to improving livelihood strategies of small producers of coffee and cocoa in the Amazon region without compromising the environment.
Assessment of drag prediction techniques based on radar data for supersonic vehicles

Flight testing is probably the most accurate approach for defining the aerodynamic characteristics of a flying vehicle. This is justified by the fact that compared to other approaches, either engineering or computational ones, flight testing is indeed the one that perfectly resembles the real flight environment. Flight data are either obtained by measuring the vehicle’s kinematics via onboard sensors or by tracking the vehicle’s flight via (commonly) radars. The advantages of the latter approach are evident in cases where modifying the vehicle design is not possible or in cases where rival/enemy vehicles are examined. The key issue for this approach is the quality and demands of the technique by which vehicle aerodynamic characteristics are reduced from flight-tracked data. In the open literature, different techniques are used to analyze radar data of vehicle position and utilize them to predict vehicle drag coefficient. Each technique has its strengths and pitfalls. In this paper, the three well-used techniques of drag estimation from radar data namely, Least Square (LS), Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), and Stepwise regression (SR), are considered. The underlying principle, the output, and the range of validity for each technique are addressed with emphasis on what differentiates each of them. The viability and validity of the three techniques are addressed based on the own flight testing of a free-flight supersonic vehicle and using the point-mass flight model. Meteorological data are also recorded and flight conditions are used to enhance the resulting calculations. Based on experimental data available from the literature, a comparison is conducted for the techniques examined. Considering the lack of flight data utilized, and in conjunction with data from the literature, it has been concluded that the SR technique outperforms for a higher sample rate, however, the MLE is more feasible when there is a lack of data.
Numerical Investigation of Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbine Having Novel Thick Blades.

Recently, hydrokinetic energy is playing an important role in the production of green energy. It boasts a minimal ecological footprint and holds significant promise for generating energy on a small scale. Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbine (SHKT) acquires the hydrokinetic energy and converts it into useful energy. It has some specific advantages over other hydrokinetic turbines. Two unique thick blade designs have been utilized to replace the traditional semi-circular blades of the Savonius hydrokinetic turbine, resulting in the creation of two novel variants known as SHKT Design-1 and SHKT Design-2. Numerical investigations are carried out to assess and contrast the performance of SHKT Design-1 and SHKT Design-2 with conventional SHKT, with inlet velocity 0.9 m/s at various tip speed ratios between 0.7 to 1.1. The current study demonstrates that, the performance of SHKT is greater compared to SHKT Design-1 and SHKT Design-2. Savonius hydrokinetic turbine has a 10.5% and 7.5% higher maximum coefficient of power compared to SHKT Design-1 and SHKT Design-2 respectively. The flow field generated about the SHKT, SHKT Design-1 and SHKT Design-2 are examined and deliberated upon to evaluate performance across different facets.
Influence of the mass of energetic material and stand-off distance on the performance of perforator charges

In this paper, the influence of the mass of Energetic Material (EM) and the relevant stand-off distance on the perforator charge performance has been investigated experimentally and numerically. An experimental program has been conducted, in which perforator charges have been constructed using different masses of an EM; where the relevant stand-off distances for the perforator charges have been changed accordingly. The constructed perforator charges with 33 mm in diameters are statically exploded against 1006 steel target and the depth of jet penetration for each tested perforator charge has been measured. Moreover, Autodyn-2D hydrocode is fed with the data of the constructed perforator charges to simulate their jet formation and its penetration process into 1006 steel target. The hydrocode predicts the dependence of the resultant jet velocity and its penetration depth into 1006 steel target on the mass of EM and the relevant stand-off distance. This dependence has also been confirmed by the corresponding static test results of small diameters perforator charges. Results show that the measured penetration depth increases from 11.0 to 13.7cm into 1006 steel target when the mass of EM increases from 36 to 41g and the relevant standoff distance decreases from 25.6 to 22.6 mm then; the penetration depth decreases again due to the limited standoff distance maintained for the tested perforator charges.
Numerical Investigation of Compatibility of Synthetic Natural Gas with Conventional Liquefied Petroleum Gas Burners

Nepal is seeking carbon-free alternative fuels due to environmental concerns and economic issues resulting from fossil fuel usage. Carbon-neutral SNG has the potential as an alternative to LPG gas in domestic cooking, but traditional LPG equipment may not be compatible with SNG. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to study the compatibility of traditional LPG equipment with SNG, and it was found that essential optimization is needed to obtain optimal cooking conditions by SNG combustion. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) was used to determine the optimum inlet pressure for varying nozzle sizes. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the optimal nozzle size for the selected type of burner is 1.15 mm. This particular nozzle size was found to provide better uniformity of flame temperature and complete combustion, resulting in an average temperature of 1700 K at a fuel inlet pressure of 2.75 kPa. This makes it a potentially better option for cooking compared to LPG, as it could potentially provide faster cooking times. The results were verified using the Python CANTERA model. A 40-50% increase in the nozzle orifice size from the traditional LPG nozzle orifice size is suggested for such conversions.
Sea surface height and dynamic topography of the ice‐covered oceans from CryoSat‐2: 2011–2014

We examine 4 years (2011–2014) of sea surface heights (SSH) from CryoSat-2 (CS-2) over the ice-covered Arctic and Southern Oceans. Results are from a procedure that identifies and determines the heights of sea surface returns. Along 25 km segments of satellite ground tracks, variability in the retrieved SSHs is between ∼2 and 3 cm (standard deviation) in the Arctic and is slightly higher (∼3 cm) in the summer and the Southern Ocean. Average sea surface tilts (along these 25 km segments) are 0.01 ± 3.8 cm/10 km in the Arctic, and slightly lower (0.01 ± 2.0 cm/10 km) in the Southern Ocean. Intra-seasonal variability of CS-2 dynamic ocean topography (DOT) in the ice-covered Arctic is nearly twice as high as that of the Southern Ocean. In the Arctic, we find a correlation of 0.92 between 3 years of DOT and dynamic heights (DH) from hydrographic stations. Further, correlation of 4 years of area-averaged CS-2 DOT near the North Pole with time-variable ocean-bottom pressure from a pressure gauge and from GRACE, yields coefficients of 0.83 and 0.77, with corresponding differences of <3 cm (RMS). These comparisons contrast the length scale of baroclinic and barotropic features and reveal the smaller amplitude barotropic signals in the Arctic Ocean. Broadly, the mean DOT from CS-2 for both poles compares well with those from the ICESat campaigns and the DOT2008A and DTU13MDT fields. Short length scale topographic variations, due to oceanographic signals and geoid residuals, are especially prominent in the Arctic Basin but less so in the Southern Ocean.
Developing A General Building Design Model for Higher Education Facilities to Reduce Academic Stress Through A Mindfullness-Based Design Approach.

Teaching and learning activities at the higher education has causes academic stress experienced by students. In psychology, one way to deal with stress is through mindfulness practices that make users focus on their current condition, focus on the present, and can minimize the impact of stress and improve academic performance. The purpose of this study is to formulate criteria for mindfulness-based educational building facilities and then develop them in a partial design model that can be applied according to the respective design context. The research was conducted through literature review as the basis for model development through design by research. The results of the elaboration of the literature review on mindfulness and components of educational facility design show that a mindfulness-based design model can be developed by focusing on building mass design, human circulation network design, and landscape design.