Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unmasking merger problems from employees’ perspectives: A case of the disestablished Aganang Local Municipality, South Africa

Background: Aganang Local Municipality (ALM) was disestablished, and its municipal area was amalgamated into Blouberg Local Municipality, Molemole Local Municipality and Polokwane Local Municipality on 03 August 2016. The municipality was disestablished with a view to optimise the financial viability of municipalities in the Capricorn District Municipality. This development brought about challenges in a variety of areas as the move meant merging of the disestablished municipality to the other three municipalities. Aim: This article explored the underlying human resources management problems that emanated from the disestablishment of ALM. The guiding question for this article was what are some of the salient human resource management challenges that emanated from ALM’s disestablishment? In addition, what lessons can be drawn for future municipal disestablishment exercises? Setting: The setting for this study was the Polokwane Municipality, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative approach, with interviews being the major data-collecting instrument, was applied. Results: A key finding of this study is that there is a general dissatisfaction among staff from Aganang Municipality who were moved to Polokwane Municipality (PM) because of disparities in remuneration between them and their counterparts working for PM. Conclusion: A major recommendation proffered in this article is that all human-resource-related issues need to be ironed out with staff members of the disestablished municipality before they are moved to other municipalities. This assists in minimising labour disputes in the merging process.
Isolation and screening of carotenoid-producing Bacillus spp. from seashore saline soil and seawater at Hon Son islet

Received 05 Sep 2020 Revised 28 Oct 2020 Accepted 31 Mar 2021 Carotenoids are natural pigment compounds with a variety of colors. They are antioxidants and boost the immune system. It is interesting to examine strains of bacteria capable of producing carotenoids applied in the food industry, animal feed, and aquaculture. Rach Gia bay of Kien Giang province has a good ecosystem, and the carotenoid-producing microorganisms in these regions are very plentiful. However, there are fewer studies about them in this region. This study was conducted to isolate and select carotenoids-producing Bacillus from Hon Son islet of Rach Gia bay. Seashore saline soil and seawater samples were shocked at 65°C in 1 hour and plated on Difco sporulation medium. Colored colonies of bacteria were selected and incubated at 37°C on Difco sporulation medium. Pigments from these isolates were extracted in the mixture of methanol and chloroform (with the ratio 1:2 of v/v). The extracted solutions were scanned absorbance by spectrophotometer at the wavelength range from 400 to 600 nm. Bacterial isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. Twenty carotenoid-producing bacterial species were isolated, including five colony colors such as pale yellow, yellow, yellow-orange, pale pink, and pink. They were Gram-positive, positive catalase test, motile, and endospore-forming. The results of extracted solutions from 20 bacterial species indicate that all the extracts have absorbance from 400-600 nm, this is the popular absorbance of carotenoids. Two high-carotenoid-producing species (HS3-7 and HS8-3) were analyzed the 16S rRNA gene sequence. They were showed high similarity with Bacillus vietnamensis species Marseille-P799 and Bacillus infantis species NRRL B-14911, respectively. Keywords
Do the Elements of Emotional Intelligence Determine Charismatic Leadership?

Purpose: Emotional intelligence is a critical stimulus of charismatic leadership. This research is an effort to detect the relationships between the elements of emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership. Method: Purposive sampling technique was adopted to assemble data from 356 bankers working in different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The Emotional Quotient Index (EQ Index: Rahim et al., 2002) and a Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X: Bass &Avolio, 2000) were used to assess emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership respectively. A total of 356 usable responses were received which were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression. Results: The study revealed that all elements of emotional intelligence, namely, self-awareness (r=.64, p<.001), self-regulation (r=.62, p <.001), motivation (r = .65, p< .001), empathy (r = .63, p< .001), and social skills (r = .59, p <.001) were positively correlated with charismatic leadership. It also demonstrated that potential covariates (e.g. experience, age, employee, department, education, gender, and position) shared a negligible correlation with emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership. Implications: These unique findings would be helpful to academics, scholars, policymakers, and managers/executives of commercial banks to flourish their charisma by cultivating and boosting emotional intelligence to realize a higher level of organizational outcomes. Limitations: The generalizability of the findings is limited by its particular sampling technique which is less reliable.
Evaluation of Toxic Effect of D-alletrin Based Mosquito’s Coil on the Lungs and Selected Haematological Parameters of Adult Wistar Rats

The effect of inhaling mosquito coil smoke on the haematology and histology of rat’s lungs was studied. Mosquito coils while slowly burning emit smoke containing one or more insecticides, each coil burns for several hours and are used in close proximity to persons requiring protection against mosquitoes in order to prevent malaria, a disease of wide distribution. This study is aimed at determining the effects of mosquito coil on lungs of adult wistar rats. A total of 16 adult wistar rats were used in this study weighing 100g – 200g. They were randomly divided into four groups of four rats each. Rats in group 1 served as control and received only food and distilled water; while the experimental groups II – IV were exposed to mosquito coil smoke for 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours respectively for a period of 28 days. At the end of the experimental period, blood was collected from each rat through ocular puncture for blood analysis. The rats were sacrificed with the lungs harvested and fixed in 10% formal saline for routine histological analysis. The body weight of the Original Research Article Anyabolu et al.; JAMPS, 23(4): 9-19, 2021; Article no.JAMPS. 67672 10 exposed groups observed showed insignificant decrease when compared with the control group. The organ weight of lungs showed significant increase when compared to the control group. Haematological analysis for blood obtained revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in Hb, PCV, RBC and WBC counts in all exposure groups when compared with the control group. Histological analysis of the lungs showed severe hemorrhage and severe inflammation of the lungs. Results from this study demonstrates that mosquito coil smoke not only challenges the immune system but also affects the blood oxygen regulation level through damage in the lungs.
PRINCIPLES FOR DEVISING A READING COMPREHENSION TEST: A LIBRARY BASED REVIEW

This study aimed to review principles for devising reading comprehension tests. It focused on format, duration, marking and tasks for the development of reading comprehension tests. For this purpose, the material was downloaded from online sources including web search engines, databases and journals which comprised of a number of books, research articles and power point presentations that were read and relevant information was extracted in a separate MS word file. In this process, Mendeley Desktop was also utilized to locate most relevant information from different articles and books. The data were searched with help of keywords. Other than keywords, the information was gathered by typing questions and phrases in the search bars of the aforesaid databases and web search engines. To have an overview of the current practices regarding reading comprehension tests, IELTS, TOEFL, TOEIC and GRE tests were also reviewed and through this process, different points of similarities and dissimilarities were observed. Through this process, it came to know that reading comprehension tests were very important since, they measured varied aspects of the reading skill. It also unveiled certain facts, strengths and weaknesses of the reading tests. Plus, the study explored certain principles and suggested that reading tests should be devised in the light of those principles.
Enigmatic Role of Female Directors on Boards towards Corporate Performance. An Empirical Study

*Corresponding author’s email: areeba.khan@iub.edu. pk ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT History Revised format: May 2021 Available Online: Jun 2021 Purpose: The presence of female members on boards is quite enigmatic. Almost every academic author argues that female directors’ contribution in the board room is positive and significant, and their presence, improves organizational performance. This study purpose is to figure out the link between female members and organizational performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: For the purpose, Partial least square method of regression is used to develop the relationship. The measurement and structural model and theories are used to codevelop the formative constructs. Secondary data is used and collected from Pakistan stock exchange. Those KSE-100 companies are used in which female directors were there in any year from 2005 till 2012. Findings: The results reveal that there was a negative relationship, empirically, which strengthened the notion that female directors in Pakistan are just the cosmetic face of board of directors and more female directors on board hinder the firm performance. Female members on the board had negative impact on the financial measures of return on equity and assets turnover. Implications/Originality/Value: This study is helpful for the businesses in Pakistan to rely and utilize the knowledge, innovative skills and experience of female directors rather than to fill the seat as a regulatory requirement.
Warm stratification improves embryos development and seed germination of Cycas revoluta

The broad objective of this research is to study the effect of warm stratification on Cycas revoluta zygotic embryos length, seed germination and plant development. Four warm treatments were applied to seeds. Our results showed that seeds storage at room temperature or 30°C improved significantly zygotic embryos length. Moreover, time of germination was significantly reduced with the warm stratification. The highest percentage of germination was obtained with seeds warm treated at 30°C for 2 months while only 25% of seeds were able to germinate in the control. Regarding seedlings development, our results demonstrated that warm stratification did not affect plant develop­ ment. No significant differences have been recorded in all the evaluated para­ meters except for root length. Taken together, these results underlined the beneficial effect of warm stratification on Cycas revoluta seed germination and plant development and proposed a new method to improve seed germination of Cycas revoluta.
Determining Optimal Conﬂict Avoidance Manoeuvres At High Densities With Reinforcement Learning

—The use of drones for applications such as package delivery, in an urban setting, would result in trafﬁc densities that are orders of magnitude higher than any observed in manned aviation. Current geometric resolution models have proven to be very efﬁcient at relatively moderate densities. However, at higher densities, performance is hindered by the unpredictable emergent behaviour from neighbouring aircraft. In this paper, we use a hybrid solution between existing geometric resolution approaches and reinforcement learning (RL), directed at improving conﬂict resolution performance at high densities. We resort to a Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) model to improve the behaviour of the Modiﬁed Voltage Potential (MVP) geometric conﬂict resolution method. By default, the MVP method generates avoidance manoeuvres of a geometrically-deﬁned type, using a ﬁxed look-ahead time. In the current study, we instead aim to use RL to determine the values for these variables, based on intruder position and trafﬁc density. The analysis in this paper speciﬁcally addresses the difﬁculty of training algorithms in a cooperative multi-agent case to converge to optimal values. We prove that ﬁnding the right representation of state/rewards in a non-stationary environment is non-trivial and highly inﬂuences the learning process. Finally, we show that a variation of resolution manoeuvres can improve the safety of several scenarios at high trafﬁc densities.
Investigation on the quantity and nutritional composition of slaughterhouse by-products of indigenous sheep

Sheep, Slaughterhouse by-products, Nutritive value, Yield, Age group The present study was done to find out the change of yield and nutritional composition of most edible slaughterhouse by-products of sheep with the change of age in Bangladesh. T0= 0 tooth (under 1 year), T1= 2 teeth (1 to 1.5 year), T2= 4 teeth (2 years), T3= 6 teeth (2 to 2.5 years), T4= 8 teeth (more than 2.5 years) of sheep were the treatment groups. Live weight, warm carcass weight, dressing percentage, weight of by-products, proximate component of edible by-products for different age group of sheep were measured to conduct the experiment. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, by-products weight increased significantly with the increase of age except head. Among the nutritional differences, crude protein (CP%) were found higher in liver and kidney than lung and brain. Ether extract (EE%) were higher in liver and heart than kidney, lung, brain. Ash percentage were found highest at liver. pH level differed significantly in different age group. The weight of edible by-products (liver, lung, kidney, heart) increased with the increase of age except brain. These results will be helpful to realize the importance and change of yield and nutritive value of edible byproducts for different age group of sheep in Bangladesh.
Determination of thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a new indicator of oxidative stress in dairy cows with subclinical endometritis

The objective of this study was to determine thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH) in infertile cows with subclinical endometritis (SCE). Endometrial cytological samples were collected using a cytobrush to diagnose SCE in 36 infertile cows. According to the results of the cytology examination, those with acute endometritis were classified as Group I (n = 20) and those with chronic endometritis were classified as Group II (n = 16). A control group was formed of heifers as Group III (n = 20). Blood samples were taken from each group on the day of diagnosis (day 0) to analyse TDH. In the cytology examination, both the Giemsa method and immunocytochemical staining were applied to determine chronic inflammation and activity status. In 55.55% (20/36) of the infertile cows with cytological endometritis, the inflammation was determined to be active, and in 44.44% (16/36) it had become chronic. The native thiol and total thiol levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in the acute (206.54 ± 8.30 μmol/L; 227.11 ± 9.30 μmol/L) and chronic SCE cases (225.15 ± 11.89 μmol/L; 247.96 ± 10.80 μmol/L) compared to the heathy control group (308.47 ± 13.59 μmol/L; 336.83 ± 15.5 μmol/L respectively) (P<0.001). Disulphide levels, disulphide/total thiol, native thiol/ total thiol and disulphide/native thiol ratios were similar in all the groups (P>0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of native thiol, which can be used in the diagnosis of SCE, was 92.8%, that of total thiol was 89.3% and that of disulphide was 64.3% according to the ROC curve analysis. These results demonstrate that TDH is a reliable and sensitive indicator of oxidative stress in cow SCE, and that abnormal TDH might play a role in SCE pathogenic mechanisms. This is the first study to evaluate thiol/disulphide homeostasis in dairy cows with SCE as a new indicator of oxidative stress.
Analysis of job satisfaction, job security and employee engagement in relation with employee commitment: A case of Mohmand Jahed group of companies (MJC), Kabul

Building upon social exchange theory, this study was designed to examine the impact of job security, job satisfaction, and employee engagement on the commitment level of employees working at Mohmand Jahed group of companies (MJC), a Kabul based logistics supply and services providing company. A self-administered survey instrument was used to collect data from the participants. Employees working at MJC (N=180) were the participants of the study. The study found that job security, job satisfaction, and employee engagement are the positive and significant predictors of employee commitment that explain 62% variation in the criterion variable (employee commitment). Although, results of the present study are in line with the previous research findings, nevertheless, the findings of the study cannot be generalized, since the data were collected from the participants of one of the Kabul based companies (i.e., MJC). A large sample size from different logistics supply and services providing companies can help in the more profound understanding of the phenomenon as well as drawing the real picture of an issue in Afghanistan.
Clinical Overview of Myocardial Infarction WithoutObstructive Coronary Artey Disease (MINOCA)

The term myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) applies to patients who have clinical evidence of AMI but coronary angiography reveals no coronary obstructions and an alternative diagnosis is not possible. It is a heterogenous group of disease. Its prognosis, predictors of mortality and optimum management is unclear. In this review, we present a disease overview for MINOCA including the clinical features, adopted definitions, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Comprehensive nursing combined with home care enteral nutrition on improving nutritional status and quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease

This study aimed to explore the role of comprehensive nursing on the nutritional status and quality of life (QOL) of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with home care enteral nutrition (HEN). Altogether, 84 patients with IBD who were treated in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2019 were selected as research participants. Among them, 42 patients were selected as the observation group (OG) to receive comprehensive nursing combined with HEN intervention, while 42 patients were included in the control group (CG) to receive routine nursing intervention. The nutritional status of the two groups of patients after the intervention, the nutritional indexes before and after the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores before and after the intervention, the compliance behaviors of the two groups of patients, the QOL of patients after the intervention, and the nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared. The nutritional status of the patients in grade A of the OG was evidently higher than that of the CG (P<0.001), while the number of patients in the OG with grade B and grade C was evidently lower than that of the CG (P<0.05). BMI, ALB and PA in the OG were significantly different than those in the CG (P<0.01). SAS and SDS scores in the OG were clearly lower than that of the CG (P<0.001). The total compliance rate of the OG was higher than that of the CG (P<0.05). After intervention, IBDQ scores in the OG were higher than that of the CG (P<0.001), and the total satisfaction of nursing in the OG was higher than that of the CG (P<0.05). Comprehensive nursing combined with HEN can significantly improve the nutritional status and the QOL of IBD patients, which is helpful for clinical treatment.
Determining Bullying Text Classification Using Naive Bayes Classification on Social Media

Article history: Received : 22-02-2021 Reviced : 31-03-2021 Accepted : 01-04-2021 Cyber-bullying includes repeated acts with the aim of scaring, angering, or embarrassing those who are targeted Cyber-bullying is happening along with the rapid development of technology and social media in society. The media and users need to filter out bully comments because they can indirectly affect the mental psychology that reads them especially directly aimed at that person. By utilizing information mining, the system is expected to be able to classify information circulating in the community. One of the classification techniques that can be applied to text-based classification is Naïve Bayes. The algorithm is good at performing the classification process. In this research, the precision of the algorithm's has been carried out on 1000 comment datasets. The data is grouped manually first into the labels "bully" and "not bully" then the data is divided into training data and test data. To test the system's ability, the classified data is analyzed using the confusion matrix method. The results showed that the Naïve Bayes Algorithm got the level of precision at 87%. and the level of area under the curve (AUC) at 88%. In terms of speed of completing the system, the Naïve Bayes Algorithm has a very good rate of speed with completion time of 0.033 seconds. Keyword: Text Mining; Sentiment Analysis; Naïve Bayes Algorithm; Confussion Matrix; Phyton Programming This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30812/varian.v4i2. 1086 ————————————————————
Preparation and Evaluation of Gluten-Free Foods for Celiac People

This study was performed to prepare gluten-free cakes and crackers produced with different flours of rice, corn, and sweet lupin for celiac people and evaluate the effect of flours on chemical, physical and sensory cakes and crackers properties compare with control cakes and crackers made with wheat flour. Six cakes and crackers formulations were followed as: RF1 (cake with 100% rice flour), CF2 (cake with 100% corn flour), LF3 (cake with 100% sweet lupin flour), RF4 (crackers with 100% rice flour), CF5 (crackers with 100% corn flour) and LF6 (crackers with 100% sweet lupin flour). Control cake and crackers were used with 100% wheat flour. The cakes and crackers were characterized with chemical, physical, and sensory analysis. The results of the chemical composition of cake and crackers ingredients showed that the RF1 and RF4 the highest percentage of moisture, copper, and iron compare with other samples. While LF3 and LF6 contain maximum value of protein, fiber, fat, ash, phosphorus and potassium. The CF2 and CF5 showed the maximum of calcium and sodium. Cakes and crackers formulated with LF and RF displayed improved quality characteristics such as increased weight and volume but decreased the specific volume. The hedonic scale showed that the panelists preferred the LF cake and RF crackers (8.7 and 8.8 respectively) after WF cake and crackers. The overall assessment pointed that WF cake and crackers a greater acceptance by panelists, while gluten-free cakes and crackers are considered nice in the opinion of the panelists. Also, the sensory evaluation showed that using the corn flour in cakes and crackers caused lower acceptance