Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF ATORVASTATIN AFTER SINGLE DOSE ADMINISTRATION AMONG PAKISTANI POPULATION

Objective: To obtain pharmacokinetic data of Orvastin, a newly launched formulation of atorvastatin, in healthy males of Pakistan. Study Design: It was quasi-experimental design. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM) Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and duration of study was about ten months. Material and Methods: Twenty-four healthy male subjects were taken conveniently from Pakistani population. Two tablets of Orvastin, each containing atorvastatin 40mg, were administered orally as a single dose. Multiple blood samples were taken with small gaps in between up to the period of 48hrs. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with UV-detector was used for quantification of atorvastatin in plasma; wavelength of UV-detector was adjusted at 247nm. Mobile phase was made up of 60 percent acetonitrile and 40 percent 0.05M sodium phosphate buffer. Flow rate of mobile phase was maintained at 1.5ml/min with 5.5 pH. Progesterone was used as an internal standard. Stock solutions of atorvastatin were made by dissolving it into methanol and acetonitrile was used for making stock solution of progesterone. Calibration curves were made for atorvastatin and internal standard from concentration time data, values for time to achieve maximum plasma concentration. (Tmax) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were directly calculated. Computer program (APO, MW PHARM, and Ver. 3.60) was used for calculation of pharmacokinetic profile of atorvastatin. Results: Atorvastatin was detected in plasma samples of all volunteers. The absorption rate constant (Ka) was 0.41 l/hr. Cmax was 26.69 ± 6.67 μg/l and Tmax was 3.33 ± 0.41 hrs. Apparent volume of distribution (Vd), of atorvastatin, was 3244.84 ± 1237.36 liters. The elimination rate constant was 0.15 l/hr. Elimination half-life of atorvastatin was 6.14 hours. Trapezoidal rule was used for calculation of AUC0–48 and AUC0–∞ and it was found to be 208.77 h/μg/l and 208.74 h/μg/l respectively. Clearance of atorvastatin was 420.87 ± 170.64 liters/hour and Mean Residence Time (MRT) was 8.86 ± 5.01 hours. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic data of new formulation of atorvastatin is in comparable range with other brands of atorvastatin used in different ethnic groups.
IN VIVO ANTIVENOMOUS EFFECT OF THE MINERALS MUCUNA PRURIENS AND MILLETTIA PINNATA (FABACEAE) ON ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS

The objective of this study was to establish the scientific basis for the traditional antivenomous use of the minerals Mucuna pruriens and Millettia pinnata (Fabaceae). During this study, some rabbits were previously collected, others were scarified as a preventive or curative measure, and still others were poisoned with the venom of Naja nigricollis and then treated with the minerals from both plants, and then they were collected separately according to the level of handling in order to determine their biochemical and hematological parameters respectively. Finally, the rabbits were observed at all these handling stages. The results of the various observations showed that: all control or scarified rabbits are generally calm, docile and easy to handle;all venomed rabbits have in most cases difficulty moving around, are agitated, have difficulty lifting and relaxing the leg on which the injection was made and this 20 to 30 minutes after injecting them with the venom ;some rabbits died a few hours after the injection of the venom despite their treatment, while others survived a few days later. Thus, these results have shown that the minerals from each plant have antivenomous actions on the venom of Naja nigricollis. However, minerals from Millettia pinnata have shown significant effects both preventively and curatively. Therefore, these minerals may be an obvious resource for the development of phytomedicines against ophidian envenimation.
Dietary improvement of the iron statute of the rats with experimental anemia

Introduction. One of the major problems characterizing the nutritional status is the iron deficiency, which leads to decreased immunity, increased incidence of infectious diseases and anemia. Obviously, only well-thought-out corrections can solve these disorders. Material and methods In order to know the influence of the method of manufacture for iron-fortified products on the iron level, a series of in vivo research was carried out, on a batch of 21 white rats, Wistar line, which were induced experimental drug anemia (EDA). The blood analysis was performed in three stages: initially, after the induction of EDA and after the completion of the experiment. Results. Investigations showed out that during sufficient iron intake rehabilitation of the body iron reserve depends considerably on the presence of antinutritive factors. In order to decrease the influence of these factors, the production method used for fortified products with mineral origin micronutrients (iron) could be based on the use of the lactic-acid fermentation procedures using wheat bran. Conclusions. The research carried out on laboratory animals with induced experimental anemia showed that, in the case of the group fed with bread manufactured by the acid-lactic fermentation method, the concentration of serum, iron was completely restored during the experiment, and in the rats fed with fortified bread prepared by the traditional method, the serum iron concentration was only partially restored, 40-45%.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP CHANNELS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: DIRECTIONS FOR THE ASIAN ECONOMY

Entrepreneurship has been identified as a catalyst for creating opportunities and enhancing productivity. The Asian economy is one of the fastest growing economies and entrepreneurially inclined continents of the world, owing to the phenomenal strides of China’s economic activities. Despite these, the region is still characterized as developing in terms equality, real income growth and welfare distributions. Thus, one wonders the extent the entrepreneurial strides impact on the continent; and, to what extent are the socio-economic structures of the Asian economy relevant for achieving sustainable entrepreneurship development. Thus, by employing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), this study assesses the extent to which the current wave of entrepreneurship outcomes can actualize the Global Development Goals slated for 2030. The findings show that improvement in life expectancy and decrease in inequality influenced entrepreneurial outcomes via the basic requirement channel; while higher education which is an efficiency enhancing channel stimulates income than innovations; thus, indicating the need for continuous investments for nascent training; while investments in research and development is an institutional channel that promotes entrepreneurial outcomes. Thus, if the global goals will be actualized, policy makers should strengthen infrastructures and create enabling environments that will improve entrepreneurial outcomes within Asian economies.
Politicians self-representation on instagram: the professional and the humanized candidate during 2019 spanish elections

Instagram has become an important tool to contact the audiences both in commercial and political communication. Of special interest is the use of this social network by politicians, who can use the image to portray a humanized version of themselves: it is not the candidate but the person who is talking to citizens through impacting images posted on their personal profiles. The present study posits that Instagram is a key tool for self-representation. This paper offers a specific study about the use of Instagram by the five main candidates in the Spanish general elections in 2019. The main aim of this paper is to study if the Spanish candidates showed themselves on Instagram in a more humanized way during the electoral campaign. Departing from Goffman’s theory about the presentation of the self, a content analysis has been carried out as methodology, where Goffman’s concepts have been operationalized. The analysis was applied to a total of 473 Instagram posts, covering both a pre-election period and an election period. Results show that Spanish candidates tend to show themselves as professional politicians, but some candidates of new parties increment their humanization in the elections period.
Microbiological profile of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: The pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has drawn worldwide worst effect with diagnostic challenge. Every investigation has its own importance for diagnosis, care, treatment and for management of corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. Here this prospective study aimed to investigate the microbiological profile, prevalence of co-infection, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A total of 336 samples were processed in COVID laboratory, Department of Microbiology. An array of serological investigations was done by rapid card screening test. C-Reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed by nephelometer. Blood culture was done by automated system and urine culture on Cystine-Lactose-ElectrolyteDeficient (CLED) Agar. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 336 samples tested 76%were male and 24%were female. All samples tested were negative for HIV, HBsAg, HCV, syphilis, malarial parasite. CRP and Typhi -dot with IgM and IgG antibody were positive in 89.28% and 11.42% respectively. About 27% of COVID-19 patients showed bacterial and fungal co-infections. The most prevalent organisms were MR-CoNS (26%), K. pneumoniae (19%) and less prevalent were P. aeruginosa (6%) and A. baumannii (4%). C. albicans (11%) was the only isolated fungi. All gram positive isolates were 100% sensitive to Linezolid and vancomycin, among gram negative isolates, 100% were sensitive to colistin and polymyxin B. Conclusions: Microbiological investigation for presence of other co-infecting agents among patients with COVID-19 infection should be considered, and prompt treatment should be carried out accordingly.
Relationship between Thickness of Early Oral Tongue Carcinoma (T1, T2) with Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis

Background: Carcinoma of oral tongue is the most common oral cancer and because of its structure and function is prone for early local and regional spread of cancer. The final outcome of a primary tongue carcinoma patient depends upon various prognostic factors like thickness of tumor, depth of invasion, size of lesion and neck node 67metastasis. Risk of metastasis and spread to neck nodes increases with increase in tumor thickness Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of OtolayngologyHead & Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka for 18 months. Thirty patients with early oral tongue carcinoma i.e.T1 & T 2 as per UICC and AJC criteria were included in this study by purposive non-randomized sampling technique. Result of the study were expressed as mean, standard deviation (+SD), frequency and percentages. Unpaired Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient (r) test were performed. Results: Result of the study showed the mean (+SD) thickness of the tumor was 3.62 (+1.46) mm. Minimum thickness 1.1mm and maximum thickness 7.8mm. Only 21 (70%) subjects neck node were metastasized from tongue and mean (+SD) tumor thickness of the positive neck node metastasis was 5.54 (+1.07) mm and negative neck node metastasis was 2.87 (+0.75) mm. This indicated a significant difference between the groups. Pearson’s correlation co-efficient r (+0.981) which indicated tumor thickness was positively correlated with neck node metastasis. Conclusion: Tumor thickness of the early oral carcinoma positively correlated with neck node metastasis. Correlation between thickness and metastatic lymph node can help planning the treatment regimen and indicate the disease prognosis.
Low-cost Instrument for Whispering-Gallery Thermometry up to 19 GHz

In this paper we present the architecture and validation of a portable low-cost system for the accurate measurement of complex resonance frequencies up to 19 GHz for whispering gallery thermometry. In this framework the proposed instrument can become the key element to enable the use of whispering gallery thermometers as transfer standards in industrial field. The proposed instrument performs vector S21 measurements with ppb-level accuracy in the determination of resonance frequency. Thanks to a compact removable frequency extension module, the system covers two different RF/microwave bands: 800 MHz to 7 GHz and 13 GHz to 19 GHz. The lowfrequency band is suitable for quasi-spherical-resonator-based experiments, currently of great interest in different metrological applications, while the high-frequency band has been expressly conceived for whispering gallery thermometry applications. The instrument has been validated using an extremely stable setup based on quasi-spherical resonator. Calibration of the lowcost whispering gallery thermometer composed of an existent resonator and the proposes system has been performed. The results obtained prove the suitability of the measurement system to replace vector network analyzers in accurate resonance-based experiments and the potential accuracy of the low-cost whispering gallery thermometer.
Antecedents of the Management Control System in Credit Cooperatives in Southern Brazil

Objective: Considering the turbulent economic environment as well as the peculiarities of the operations conducted by cooperative entities, this study sought to analyze the connections between strategic risks and uncertainties and the use of the Management Control System (MCS) by credit cooperatives in Brazil’s South region. Method: This is a quantitative study, conducted as a survey with a sample of 57 credit cooperatives. The data was analyzed through Structural equation modeling, with partial least square estimation on SmartPLS 3.0 software. The strategic risk and strategic uncertainty constructs were analyzed in relation to their connection with Simons’ Levers of Control (1995), which contemplates the beliefs and boundary controls and interactive and diagnostic control systems. Furthermore, the connections between the four Levers of Control are also analyzed. Originality/Relevance: The study covers the antecedents (strategic risks and uncertainties) of MCS use, contemplating different compositions of type and class in credit cooperatives, taking previous studies into consideration, as well as covering a singular and pertinent region in the context of Brazilian credit cooperatives. Results: Strategic risk is not associated with the use of the Management Control System. Strategic uncertainty was proven to be the element that receives the most importance from managers in the process of using the four Levers of Control. Regarding the beliefs system construct, its importance is positively linked to the interactive control system, as also occurs with the connection between the interactive control system and the diagnostic control system. Theoretical/Methodological contributions: The study demonstrates the pertinence of the Levers of Control for credit cooperatives, inserted in the context of strategic risks and uncertainties. Social/management contributions : The findings bring about relevant contributions by proving that the balanced use of the four Levers of Control is relevant for promoting the strategic renovation of credit cooperatives, especially regarding strategic uncertainty.
Regulation of chrysanthemum cut flower senescence using 5-sulfosalicylic acid and aluminium sulphate

Vase-life is a key factor for evaluating the post-harvest quality of cut flowers that determines their marketability. Chrysanthemum is one of the top most cut flowers sold in international flower markets. In the present study, trials were conducted to improve the postharvest life of chrysanthemum cut flowers using preservative solutions such as 5-sulfosalicylic acid (5-SSA) and aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3) alone or in combination with 1.5 % sucrose. Treatments using 5-SSA (100 ppm and 150 ppm) or 200 ppm Al2(SO4)3 along with 1.5 % sucrose showed a significant increase in vase-life, fresh weight of the cut stems, vase solution uptake, membrane stability index of the petals and leaf chlorophyll as compared to other treatments. Among different vase solutions evaluated, T10 (200 ppm Al2(SO4)3 +1.5 % sucrose) gave maximum vase life of22.3 days, followed by T8 (5-SSA 150 ppm + 1.5 % sucrose) and T6 (100 ppm 5-SSA+ 1.5 % sucrose) treatments with 20.85 and 19.85 days respectively as compared to 17.84 days in control. High concentrations of both the chemicals (5-SSA and Al2(SO4)3) without sucrose showed toxicity symptoms.
Do sukuk ratings non-contingently affect stock returns? Evidence from Indonesia and Malaysia

Objective: The objective of the article is to investigate two issues. First, whether the Islamic bond (sukuk) ratings are the key determinant in affecting stock returns and, second, whether firm-characteristic variables moderate the sukuk ratings effect on stock returns. Research Design & Methods: This study applied the panel estimated generalized least squares (EGLS) regression for two samples (from Indonesia and Malaysia) spanning two years, 2015-2016, for all variables, except for the intrinsic-value variable which spanned eight years, 2009-2016. Findings: The results show that the direct and positive effect of sukuk ratings on stock returns are significantly present in Malaysia but not in Indonesia, while the positive and significant moderating effects of firm-characteristic variables – especially leverage and intrinsic value of the firm – are more pronounced in the positive sukuk rating-stock return relationship in Indonesia than in Malaysia. Implications & Recommendations: The types of firm-characteristic variables involved in determining the effect of sukuk ratings on stock returns depend on the country’s characteristics. As a result, adopting sukuk ratings to determine stock returns is not constant but, instead, it is contingent – to an extent – on other variables: firm-characteristic variables. These results suggest that still many factors should be explored so as to reach a better judgment on the quality of credit, including sukuk. Contribution & Value Added: While most previous studies employed the event-study method and did not specifically consider firm-characteristic effects on analysing the relationship between sukuk ratings and stock returns, this study sought to reveal whether sukuk ratings are the key determinant in affecting prices (or stock returns), and the extent to which firm-characteristic variables moderate the relationship between sukuk ratings and stock returns. Article type: research article
CFD Analysis of Phase Holdup Behaviour in a Gas-Liquid Bubble Column

Experimental works on bubble column hydrodynamic are normally carried out on a laboratory scale less than 0.3 m with holes number less than 10. In this paper, we discuss several approaches to bubble column scale-up, relying on variables of parameters. Two spargers with different hole diameters (0.5 mm and 1.25 mm) and superficial gas velocities (0.0125 m/s and 0.0501 m/s) are used to determine the distribution of gas holdup and liquid flow pattern. An Insignificant level of bed heights is investigated for the efficiency of hydrodynamic performance. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) is used as the realistic representation of the actual reactor. The flow of the gas-liquid interface is implemented using the VOF model using the finite volume method by tracking the volume fraction of each of the fluids throughout the domain. It is observed that the initial bed heights, superficial gas velocity, and hole diameter of the sparger influence the overall gas holdup. Although the difference in sparger hole diameter affects overall gas holdup, the results are weak relative to other operating conditions. The simulation work is then compared with experimental data to improve the accuracy in analyzing the hydrodynamics of multiphase system, as well as validated the multidimensional models.
A network pharmacology-based analysis of Curcuma longa L

Objective: To further analyze the pharmacological mechanism of Curcuma longa L. using network pharmacology. Methods: In this study, superior compounds were identified through the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database. The Uniport database was used to determine the potential gene targets of Curcuma longa L. A compound-target network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.7. 2. The String 11.0 database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction network of the targets and to screen out the core targets. In addition, the DAVID 6.8 database and ClueGo were used to analyze the target’s gene ontology and enrich the pathway to analyze its potential harmful effects. Results: A total of 16 superior compounds, including curcumin, curcumol and procurcumadiol, were screened. The main target genes included AGT, NR3C1, PGR, HSPA8, AR, MAOA, ADRA1B, etc. and there were 53 corresponding target compounds. The adverse reactions mainly occurred through 21 related pathways, including the substance dependent pathway, the pathways related to endocrine metabolism, the pathways related to the digestive system, and the pathways related to nucleotide metabolism, which caused addictive reactions and the potential carcinogenicity of the substances in question. Conclusion: This study establishes a foundation for discovering more superior Curcuma longa L. compounds and for exploring their more valuable pharmacological effects.
Impact of Coronavirus Anxiety on Depressive Tendencies among Emerging and Young Adults

Article history Received: 15 March 2021 Accepted: 16 April 2021 Published Online: 10 May 2021 Coronavirus, our new chemical enemy, have become successful in changing our lives to an extent that now we have to think twice before stepping out of house. It has impacted negatively on not only our physical health but also psychological health. The current study was done to see the impact of coronavirus related anxiety on depressive tendencies. Further, it was assessed whether there is any interaction between gender and coronavirus anxiety on depressive tendencies. The linear regression indicated that coronavirus anxiety is strongly related to depressive tendencies and that the coronavirus anxiety is a predictor of depressive tendency. However, two-way ANOVA indicated that there is an insignificant difference as to how males and females face depressive tendencies. Finally, there is insignificant interaction between gender and coronavirus anxiety on depressive tendencies. The implications, limitations and future suggestions are also given on the basis of the findings so obtained.
Data-driven configuration recommendation for microwave networks

As mobile networks grow and the demand for faster connections and a better reachability increases, telecommunication providers are looking ahead to an increasing effort to maintain and plan their networks. It is therefore of interest to avoid manual maintenance and planning of mobile networks and look into possibilities to help automate such processes. The planning and configuration of microwave link networks involves manual steps resulting in an increased effort for maintenance and the risk of manual mistakes. We therefore investigate the usage of the network’s data to train machine learning models that predict a link’s configuration setting for given information of its surroundings, and to give configuration recommendations for possible misconfigurations. The results show that the available data for microwave networks can be used to predict some configurations quite accurately and therefore presents an opportunity to automate parts of the configuration process for microwave links. However, the evaluation of our recommendations is challenging as the application of our recommendations is risky and might harm the networks in an early stage.