Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION AND DETERMINATIONS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS FRACTIONS OF ALBIZIA MYRIOPHYLLA BARK

: Albizia myriophylla (ABZ) is a plant used in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. The antioxidant activities of ABZ have been suggested as one of the mechanisms for the observed beneficial effects. Hence, this study examined the phenolic, flavonoid, and saponin contents and antioxidant activity from methanol extract (ME) and its derived fractions hexane (HE), chloroform (CE), ethyl acetate (EAE), butanol (BE), and aqueous fraction of the bark of ABZ (AE). Amongst the extracts, EAE showed the highest total phenolic content of about 0.77 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of extract (mg GAE/mg). However, the highest flavonoid content was detected in HE at 1.04 µg retinol equivalent ((RE)/g extract), while the saponin content was highest in CE at 1.1 µg diosgenin equivalent ((DE)/g extract). In 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test, EAE at 100 µg/mL had the highest percentage of inhibition of about 72.55%. 2-2 ′ -azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS radical scavenging test) showed BE had the highest percentage of inhibition at 100 µg/mL at 82.91%. Ferric reducing antioxidant power elucidated BE as having the highest percentage of inhibition which was 86.04% followed closely by ME at 85.90%. Thus, the different extracts of ABZ displayed various antioxidant capacity with probable free radical scavenging activity, which may be useful for the treatment of chronic inflammatory related metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity.
Microfinance and Women’s Empowerment in Ghana: Challenges and Prospects

The study was to evaluate the contributions of microfinance institutions in Ghana to the empowerment of the Ghanaian women, taking a specific interest in the Challenges and prospects. Using a sample size of 210 respondents from three regions of Ghana, perspectives were sought from women who are beneficiaries of microfinance and the management of MFIs. It was observed that microfinancing is playing a key role in contributing to the individual lives of women by encouraging and providing the avenue for savings, providing loans and providing some level of business advice. The study also revealed that there is a bit of mission drift from the core object of the coming into being of MFIs to the extent that some MFIs target clients who can afford their loans at the interest rate charge backing it with the explanation of being able to sustain their business. The study revealed that this high-interest rate charged is pushing some women away from securing loans for their businesses. The study again revealed two main challenges facing the women to be: high-interest rate and the demand for guarantors and collateral for loans. The challenges facing the microfinance industry were: the decline of goodwill from the public, especially women client, lack of adequate regulatory framework and high default rate, which makes the cost of loans very expensive. Notwithstanding the challenges, the study observed that microfinance presents with greater prospects of empowering women economically through savings and loans only if the government will be up and doing to protect the industry from scammers with a strict supervisory and regulatory framework. The study recommends that the government and non-governmental organisations should support private MFIs to set up select units for only women which will lax interest rate and provide extensive business support for them. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. 1 0 , No. 10, 2020, E-ISSN: 2222-6990 © 2020 HRMARS 379
Deformations of dihedral representations

ABiSTRACT. G. Burde proved (1990) that the SU2(C) representation space of two-bridge knot groups is one-dimensional. 'T'he same holds for all torus knot groups. 'T'he aim of this note is to prove the following: Given a knot k C S3 we denote by 02 its twofold branched covering space. Assume that there is a prime number p such that HI (02, p) Zp. 'T'hen there exist representations of the knot group onto the binary dihedral group Dp c SU2 (C) and these representations are smooth points on a one-dimensional curve of representations into SU2(C).
Sanctions and the shadow economy: empirical evidence from Iranian provinces

ABSTRACT Using Iranian province level data from 2001 to 2013, this study finds that the international sanctions of 2012/2013 had a significantly stronger negative impact on the growth rate of the shadow economy than they did on the official GDP growth rate. Thus, the international sanctions on Iran have damaged the informal economy even more than the formal economy.
SAR Induced by Dipole Antennas to Determine Low Power Thresholds for Wireless Transmitters at Distances of 25 – 200 mm from the User

INTRODUCTION In two recent papers [1-2], the authors studied the SAR induced by dipole antennas of different lengths placed next to a flat phantom. Those studies were focused on developing a threshold power rationale to demonstrate inherent SAR compliance for devices that operate close to the user (within 25 mm). The current investigation extends the previous work to distances of 25 – 200 mm. Both simulated and measured data are presented for comparison. Measured data from two laboratories are shown.
Comparison of Ag, Cu and Zn nanoparticles obtained using Aloe vera extract and gamma ionizing radiation

Comparison of Ag, Cu and Zn nanoparticles obtained using Aloe vera extract and gamma ionizing radiation C. Martínez-Vieyra M. T. Olguin* E. Gutiérrez-Segura G. López-Tellez Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química, Doctorado en Ciencia de Materiales. Toluca, México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Departamento de Química. Ocoyoacac, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química. Toluca, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable. Tlachaloya, México
Ratings Design and Barriers to Entry

I study the impact of consumer reviews on the incentives for firms to participate in the market. Firms produce goods of heterogeneous, unknown quality that is gradually revealed via consumer reviews, and face both entry and exit decisions. A platform combines past reviews to construct firm-specific ratings that help guide consumer search. When the platform integrates all reviews into ratings - full transparency - consumers form queues at the highest-rated firms. This demand cliff induces an S-shaped continuation value for firms as a function of ratings, generating both low entry rates as well as unwanted selection effects - high-quality firms exit early. Whereas firms prefer more feedback when starting out and less feedback when established, equilibrium induces precisely the reverse profile. I then study the design of ratings systems. The platform must balance the need to provide consumers with accurate information against the need to encourage high-quality firms to enter and remain active. The key insight is that optimal rating systems involve upper censorship, i.e. the suppression of reviews from highly-rated firms' ratings, as a means of incentive provision. This makes the task of "climbing the ratings hill" less daunting, stimulating participation. An exploratory calibration using data provided by Yelp! estimates a consumer welfare gain of roughly 7% from adopting the optimal policy.
Validating Stochastic Models: Invariance Criteria for Systems of Stochastic Differential Equations and the Selection of a Stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley Type Model

In recent years, many difficulties appeared when taking into account the inherent stochastic behavior of neurons and voltage-dependent ion channels in Hodgking-Huxley type models. In particular, an open problem for a stochastic model of cerebellar granule cell excitability was to ensure that the values of the gating variables remain within the unit interval. In this paper, we provide an answer to this modeling issue and obtain a class of viable stochastic models. We select the stochastic models thanks to a general criterion for the flow invariance of rectangular subsets under systems of stochastic differential equations. We formulate explicit necessary and sufficient conditions, that are valid for both, It\^o's and Stratonovich's interpretation of stochastic differential equations, improving a previous result obtained by A. Milian [A.Milian, Coll. Math. 1995] in the It\^o case. These invariance criteria allow to validate stochastic models in many applications. To illustrate our results we present numerical simulations for a stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley model.
Establishing Customer Knowledge Through Customer Accounting in Tourism Industry: A Study of Hotel Sector in Malaysia

ABSTRACT The competitive business landscape surrounding the tourism industry inevitably requires significant attention to be placed on maximising the customer base towards establishing a competitive advantage. In this vein, the use of customer accounting has emerged to be a source of crucial information about the customers, which they could assist the management in decision making, managing, and controlling the operation and in turn improve the organisational performance. Considering that, this study aims to articulate and examine the relationships between customer accounting, customer knowledge, and performance. Based on a survey administered to 112 hotel managers, the practice information was collected and analysed using partial least square (PLS). Findings show that among the four dimensions of Customer Accounting, Customer Profitability Analysis, Valuation of Customer as Assets, and Customer Equity Analysis relate significantly to Customer Knowledge, except for the Lifetime Customer Profitability Analysis. Subsequently, only Customer Profitability Analysis and Valuation of Customer as Assets significantly influenced performance. The finding suggests that the adoption of Customer Accounting consisting of combined data about customers may assist the hotels in making decisions to improve their performance. Given that, this study highlighted an accounting technique, that is, Customer Accounting which should be practised by the operators of Malaysian hotels to allow them to manage their customers better, and which is the determinant toward ensuring business success and sustainability. Keywords: customer accounting; customer knowledge; organisational performance.
Drinking Alcohol Raise Chance Pre-Marital Sex by Four Folds Among Secondary School Adolescent Students in Jima Arjo, South Western Ethiopia, 2018.

Background: Premarital sexual practice is a sexual intercourse performed before formal marriage. Premarital sexual practice increases adolescents risk for having multiple sexual partner, infection with (Human Immuno Deficiency Virus) HIV, other (sexually transmitted desease) STDs and unintended pregnancy.Objectives: Was to assess the prevalence of premarital sexual practice and associated factors among secondary school (9-12 grade) students in Jimma Arjo district. Methods: Inistitutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted among adolescent students from may 1st to 15th using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Systematic random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. The collected data was cleaned and entered into(statistical package for social science) SPSS version 20. Factors associated with pre marital sexual practice were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis.Resulst: Over all premarital sexual practice was 24.4%. Being alcohol drinker(AOR[95%CI]=3.78[1.49,22.08]),havingboy/girlfriend(AOR[95%CI]=5.07[3.74,26.47]), (beingmale? ) (AOR[95%CI]=2.9[1.78,37.8]); urban residence (AOR[95%CI]=6.44 [1.95,25.84]). Conclusion: In this study the premarital sexual practice was high. Being male sex, urban residence,using alcohol use and having boy /girl friend significantly affect premarital sexual practice. Therefore, school and community basedhealth information, education and communication need to be intensified to reduce the premarital sex and further health concequences.
Summary: Distributed Task Assignment and Path Planning with Limited Communication for Robot Teams

We consider multi-robot service scenarios, where tasks appear at any time and in any location of the working area. A solution to such a service task problem requires finding a suitable task assignment and a collision-free trajectory for each robot of a multi-robot team. In cluttered environments, such as indoor spaces with hallways, those two problems are tightly coupled. We propose a decentralized algorithm for simultaneously solving both problems, called Hierarchical Task Assignment and Path Finding (HTAPF). HTAPF extends a previous bio-inspired Multi-Robot Task Allocation (MRTA) framework [1]. In this work, task allocation is performed on an arbitrarily deep hierarchy of work areas and is tightly coupled with a fully distributed version of the priority-based planning paradigm [12], using only broadcast communication. Specifically, priorities are assigned implicitly by the order in which data is received from nearby robots. No token passing procedure or specific schedule is in place ensuring robust execution also in the presence of limited probabilistic communication and robot failures.
WHO EMRO | Out-of-pocket cost of drug abuse consequences: results from Iranian National Mental Health Survey

Drug abuse has significant cost to the individual, the family and the society. This study aimed to assess out of-pocket costs of consequences of drug use disorder. Data were drawn from the Iranian Mental Health Survey (IranMHS) through face-to-face interviews with 7841 respondents aged 15–64 years. We used a bottom-up cost-of-illness method for economic analysis. Out-of-pocket costs for treatment of mental and drug problems, treatment of medical illnesses, as well as costs of crimes were assessed. The average of total annual expense was US$ 2120.6 for those with drug use disorder, which was 23.5% of annual income of an average
Effect of Levels of Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)

Pulses are one of the important segments of Indian agriculture after cereals in production (Singh et al., 2017). Total Pulses production during 2017-18 (as per 4th Advance Estimates) is estimated at record 25.23 million tonnes which is higher by 2.10 million tonnes than the previous year’s production of 23.13 million tonnes (Directorate of Pulse development, Annual report 2018-19). The word “pulse” is derived from the Latin word “puls” means pottage, i.e. seed boiled to make porridge or thick soup. Pulses play an important source of dietary protein, energy, minerals and vitamins for the mankind. Pulses provide 25% of protein requirements of predominantly vegetarian population. The lysine rich protein of pulses is considered as the supplement for the deficiency of this amino acid in cereal dietaries and brings at par with milk’s protein in the terms of biological efficiency. It is because of this reason that pulses have also been called the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Increased rate of acceleration on Pine Island Glacier strongly coupled to changes in gravitational driving stress

Abstract. Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica, has been undergoing several related changes for at least two decades; these include acceleration, thinning and grounding line retreat. During the first major ground-based study between 2006 and 2008, GPS receivers were used to monitor ice flow from 55 km to 171 km inland, along the central flowline. At four sites both acceleration and thinning rates over the last two years exceeded rates observed at any other time over the last two decades. At the downstream site acceleration was 6.4% over 2007 and thinning was 3.5±0.5 ma−1. Acceleration and thinning have spread rapidly inland with the acceleration 171 km inland at 4.1% over 2007, greater than any measured annual flow increase along the whole glacier prior to 2006. Increases in surface slope, and hence gravitational driving stress, correlate well with the acceleration and no sustained change in longitudinal stress gradient is needed to explain the force balance. There is no indication that the glacier is approaching a new steady state.
Assessment on awareness towards preventive measures of COVID-19 in Sheka, Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional Study

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and it is the most important of public health problem worldwide. A critical element in tackling the COVID-19 crisis is personal behavioral change; however, there is a paucity of evidence about peoples’ awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the people’s awareness status towards COVID-19 in Sheka, Southwestern Ethiopia.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between 10th to 21th April 2020. Four hundred-nineteen individuals participated during the study. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant factors of awareness status, and variables with p-value<0.05 indicated it significantly influences the awareness status of the individuals towards COVID-19.Results: According to the study’s results, nearly half (49.4 %) of the participants had awareness about COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such as sex, education level, religion, symptom, and knowing prevention methods were significantly associated with awareness of individuals towards COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents who did know all prevention methods (AOR: 8.1, 95% CI: 1.3, 51.9) are more likely to aware of COVID-19 than their counterparts.Conclusion: The study showed that there is a low awareness status among people towards COVID-19.Hence, programs to improve awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic is is essential to prevent and control the pandemic.
Combining Ability, Gene Action and Heterotic Expression Studies for Yield Contributing Traits in Tomato

Among the different vegetable crops, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most popularly cultivated warm season vegetable throughout the world due to its multipurpose use (Triveni et al., 2017). It can also be used as an excellent model crop for study with respect to breeding point of view due to having small diploid genome (930 Mb, n = 12) with numerous mapped traits, developed DNA markers and EST clones (Tanksley, 1993). Tomato under target specific selection resulted in increased productivity, but at the same time it has narrowed its genetic basis (Zorzoli et al., 2007) that justified the further study and thorough genetic evaluation of tomato. In spite of all these, major constraints in the diminishing returns of the grower includes varietal fluctuation in the productivity under huge artificial genetic manipulation and contamination leading impure narrow genetic base (Chattopadhyay et al., 2007). It indicated the need for International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Welfare implications of technological progress with segmented factor markets

Using a Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson type general equilibrium framework with segmented factor markets, we show that uniform technological progress in either the unorganized or the fixed wage organized sector can improve the real income of a small, open developing economy. However, uniform productivity improvement in the unorganized sector turns out to be relatively more egalitarian since it helps the marginalized informal workers in terms of wage-earnings and employment whereas productivity take-off in the organized sector hurts them.
THE MBH–LSPHEROID RELATION AT HIGH AND LOW MASSES, THE QUADRATIC GROWTH OF BLACK HOLES, AND INTERMEDIATE-MASS BLACK HOLE CANDIDATES

From a sample of 72 galaxies with reliable supermassive black hole masses Mbh, we derive the Mbh–(host spheroid luminosity, L) relation for (1) the subsample of 24 core-Sérsic galaxies with partially depleted cores, and (2) the remaining subsample of 48 Sérsic galaxies. Using Ks-band Two Micron All Sky Survey data, we find the near-linear relation Mbh∝L1.10 ± 0.20Ks for the core-Sérsic spheroids thought to be built in additive dry merger events, while we find the relation Mbh∝L2.73 ± 0.55Ks for the Sérsic spheroids built from gas-rich processes. After converting literature B-band disk galaxy magnitudes into inclination- and dust-corrected bulge magnitudes, via a useful new equation presented herein, we obtain a similar result. Unlike with the Mbh–(velocity dispersion) diagram, which is also updated here using the same galaxy sample, it remains unknown whether barred and non-barred Sérsic galaxies are offset from each other in the Mbh–L diagram. While black hole feedback has typically been invoked to explain what was previously thought to be a nearly constant Mbh/MSpheroid mass ratio of ∼0.2%, we advocate that the near-linear Mbh–L and Mbh–MSpheroid relations observed at high masses may have instead arisen largely from the additive dry merging of galaxies. We argue that feedback results in a dramatically different scaling relation, such that black hole mass scales roughly quadratically with the spheroid mass in Sérsic galaxies. We therefore introduce a revised cold-gas “quasar” mode feeding equation for semi-analytical models to reflect what we dub the quadratic growth of black holes in Sérsic galaxies built amidst gas-rich processes. Finally, we use our new Sérsic Mbh–L equations to predict the masses of candidate intermediate mass black holes in almost 50 low-luminosity spheroids containing active galactic nuclei, finding many masses between that of stellar mass black holes and supermassive black holes.
Proper motion of the Sextans dwarf galaxy from Subaru Suprime-Cam data

We have measured the absolute proper motion of the Sextans dwarf spheroidal galaxy using Subaru Suprime-Cam images taken at three epochs, with a time baseline of ~ 10 years. We astrometrically calibrate each epoch by constructing distortion-correction maps from the best available Subaru Suprime-Cam dithered data sets and from Gaia DR1 positions. The magnitude limit of the proper-motion study is V ~ 24. The area covered is 26.7 x 23.3 arcmin, which is still within the core radius of Sextans. The derived proper motion is (mu_a, mu_d) = (-0.409 +/- 0.050, -0.047 +/- 0.058) mas/yr. The direction of motion is perpendicular to the major axis of the galaxy. Our measurement, combined with radial velocity and distance from the literature, implies a low eccentricity orbit, with a moderate inclination to the Galactic plane, and a period of 3 Gyr. Sextans is now some 0.4 Gyr away from its pericenter ( r_peri ~ 75 kpc), moving toward its apocenter (r_apo ~ 132 kpc). Its orbit is inconsistent with membership to the vast polar structure of Galactic satellites.
Calculation of the 
Z+
 jet cross section including transverse momenta of initial partons

We perform calculations of Z+jet cross-section taking into account the transverse momenta of the initial partons. Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) parton densities obtained with the Parton Branching method are used and higher order corrections are included via TMD parton showers in the initial state. The predictions are compared to measurements of forward Z+jet production of the LHCb collaboration at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. We show that the results obtained in kT-factorization are in good agreement with results obtained from a NLO calculation matched with traditional parton showers. We also demonstrate that in the forward rapidity region, kT-factorization and hybrid factorization predictions agree with each other.