Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Path analysis of social engagement, loneliness and cognitive function among Chinese older adults

ABSTRACT This study established a research model to fully understand the relationship of social engagement, loneliness and cognitive function among Chinese older adults. In the latest wave (2018) of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a total of 12,852 participants aged 65 years and older were included in the study. Path analysis was performed to examine our hypotheses. The social engagement had a positive relationship with normal cognitive function while loneliness had a negative one, and the standardized regression weights were 0.618 (p < 0.01) and −0.046 (p < 0.01), respectively. Watching TV or listening to the radio had the greatest association with cognitive function, followed by housework, outdoor activities, reading newspapers or books, playing cards or mahjong, and raising domestic animals or pets. Loneliness played a mediating role between social engagement and cognitive function. Social engagement could be considered as one of the interventions to improve older adults’ health.
Coarse assembly maps

A coarse assembly map relates the coarsification of a generalized homology theory with a coarse version of that homology theory. In the present paper we provide a motivic approach to coarse assembly maps. To every coarse homology theory $E$ we naturally associate a homology theory $E\mathcal{O}^{\infty}$ and construct an assembly map $$\mu_{E} :\mathrm{Coarsification}(E\mathcal{O}^{\infty})\to E\ . $$ For sufficiently nice spaces $X$ we relate the value $E\mathcal{O}^{\infty}(X)$ with the locally finite homology of $X$ with coefficients in $E(*)$. In the example of coarse $K$-homology we discuss the relation of our motivic constructions with the classical constructions using $C^{*}$-algebra techniques.
Capturing the lived experiences of women with lymphoma in pregnancy: a qualitative study

Abstract Lymphoma in pregnancy is a rare and challenging diagnosis that complicates ∼1:6000 pregnancies; posing a series of unique therapeutic, social, and ethical challenges to the patient, her family, and the medical professionals involved. These difficulties are compounded by the paucity of real-world data on the management of LIP, and a lack of relevant support systems for women in this setting. We conducted a retrospective multicenter qualitative study, interviewing women aged ≥18 years of age diagnosed with Hodgkin (HL) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) during pregnancy or within 12 months postpartum, between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2020 from 13 Australasian sites. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted, recorded, and analyzed using QSR Int NVivo 12 Pro (March 2020, USA) to quantify salient themes. Of the 32 women interviewed, 20 (63%) were diagnosed during pregnancy (16, 34, and 13% in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters, respectively), while 12 (37%) were diagnosed post-partum. Women recalled that their chief concerns at diagnosis were the welfare of their child (n = 13, 41%) and a fear of dying (n = 9, 28%). Perceived diagnostic delay attributed to pregnancy was reported by 41% of participants. Other key themes were communication, educational materials, psychosocial supports, and oncofertility issues. To our knowledge this is the first report capturing the lived experiences of survivors of lymphoma during pregnancy, affording a unique opportunity to consider the management, psychosocial supports, and delivery of care to meet the needs of these women. What is the NEW aspect of your work? To our knowledge, this is the first report capturing and analyzing the healthcare experiences of survivors of Lymphoma in Pregnancy (LIP). What is the CENTRAL finding of your work? Women valued clear and empathic communication, provision of tailored educational materials, access to psychosocial supports (particularly childcare and financial supports), and timely oncofertility management in their healthcare journey. What is (or could be) the SPECIFIC clinical relevance of your work? Women’s personal accounts of positive and negative experiences of LIP care provide insights into their specific concerns and needs which can shape healthcare policy and development of a specific framework for managing and supporting patients with LIP (and other cancers).
Weyl Modules for the Hyperspecial Current Algebra

We develop the theory of global and local Weyl modules for the hyperspecial maximal parabolic subalgebra of type $A_{2n}^{(2)}$. We prove that the dimension of a local Weyl module depends only on its highest weight, thus establishing a freeness result for global Weyl modules. Furthermore, we show that the graded local Weyl modules are level one Demazure modules for the corresponding affine Lie algebra. In the last section we derive the same results for the special maximal parabolic subalgebras of the twisted affine Lie algebras not of type $A_{2n}^{(2)}$.
Construction and analysis of expression profile of exosomal lncRNAs in pleural effusion in lung adenocarcinoma

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly malignant tumor with a very low five‐year survival rate. In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed long‐chain non‐coding RNA (lncRNAs) and mRNAs from benign and malignant pleural effusion exosomes.
An Intrinsic Limiting Procedure for Model Selection and Hypotheses Testing

Abstract Improper priors typically arise in default Bayesian estimation problems. In the Bayesian approach to model selection or hypothesis testing, the main tool is the Bayes factor. When improper priors for the parameters appearing in the models are used, the Bayes factor is not well defined. The intrinsic Bayes factor introduced by Berger and Pericchi is an interesting method for overcoming that difficulty. That method is of particular interest as a means for generating proper prior distributions (intrinsic priors) for model comparison from the improper priors typically used in estimation. The goal of this article is to develop a limiting procedure that provides a solid justification for the use of Bayes factor with intrinsic priors. The procedure is formalized and discussed for nested and nonnested models. Illustrations and comparisons with other approximations to Bayes factors, such as the Bayesian information criterion of Schwarz and the fractional Bayes factor of O'Hagan are provided.
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for non‐small cell lung cancer harboring uncommon EGFR mutations: Real‐world data from Taiwan

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) are the standard treatment for patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR mutations. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EGFR‐TKIs and prognostic factors for patients with NSCLC harboring uncommon EGFR mutations, which account for 10% of EGFR mutations.
Specialized Versus Generic Allied Health Therapy and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease Complications

Specialized versus generic physiotherapy (PT) reduces Parkinson's disease (PD)–related complications. It is unclear (1) whether other specialized allied heath disciplines, including occupational therapy (OT) and speech and language therapy (S<), also reduce complications; (2) whether there is a synergistic effect among multiple specialized disciplines; and (3) whether each allied health discipline prevents specific complications.
High Expression of Folate Receptor Alpha (FOLR1) is Associated With Aggressive Tumor Behavior, Poor Response to Chemoradiotherapy, and Worse Survival in Rectal Cancer

Objectives: Recently, molecular medicine targeting Folate Receptor Alpha (FOLR1), which mediates intracellular folate uptake and tumor cell proliferation, has been identified in several malignancies. However, the association between FOLR1 expression and rectal cancer remains unclear. Methods: Immunostaining of FOLR1 was performed on biopsy specimens from 172 rectal cancer patients undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). FOLR1 expression was measured and divided into low (0+-2+) or high (3+-4+) level. Correlations between FOLR1 status and clinicopathologic features, tumor regression grade, disease-specific survival (DSS), local recurrence-free survival, and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) were analyzed, retrospectively. Results: High FOLR1 expression was significantly associated with advanced post-treatment tumor and nodal status (T3-4; N1-2, P = .001), vascular invasion (P = .042), perineural invasion (P = .012), and poor regression change after CRT (P = .001). In uni- and multi-variable survival analysis, FOLR1 overexpression remained a significant predictor of lower DSS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.328; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.014-5.344; P = .046) and MeFS (HR, 2.177; 95% CI, 1.000-1.1286; P = .050). Conclusion: These results indicate that high FOLR1 status is associated with aggressive tumor behavior, poor response to CRT, and worse survival. Therefore, FOLR1 expression at initial biopsy may be useful in predicting outcomes and also be a target for the exploration of FOLR1-based therapeutic agents.
EPR of Mn + 2 in Calcium Fluorophosphate. I. The Ca(II) Site

There are two different calcium sites in calcium fluorophosphate, called Ca(I) and Ca(II). Manganese ions have been found at the Ca(I) site by several investigators using EPR techniques. We report the observation of manganese at the Ca(II) site. The EPR spectrum of these ions, i.e., of Mn(II), has been fit with a spin Hamiltonian which includes crystalline $D$ and $E$ terms, an isotropic hyperfine term, and an axial superhyperfine term expressing its coupling to a nearby fluorine ion. The symmetry properties of the spectrum and the superhyperfine coupling to fluorine are the basis for the identification with Mn(II). The dependence of the concentrations of Mn(I) and Mn(II) upon the manganese concentration in the melt has been measured and is consistent with current speculations about the substitution of manganese into calcium fluorophosphate.
Stability of associations between neuroticism and microstructural asymmetry of the cingulum during late childhood and adolescence: Insights from a longitudinal study with up to 11 waves

Adolescence is characterized by significant brain development and marks a period of the life span with an increased incidence of mood disorders, especially in females. The risk of developing mood disorders is also higher in individuals scoring high on neuroticism, a personality trait characterized by a tendency to experience negative and anxious emotions. We previously found in a cross‐sectional study that neuroticism is associated with microstructural left–right asymmetry of the fronto‐limbic white matter involved in emotional processing, with opposite effects in female and male adolescents. We now have extended this work collecting longitudinal data in 76 typically developing children and adolescents aged 7–18 years, including repeated MRI sampling up to 11 times. This enabled us, for the first time, to address the critical question, whether the association between neuroticism and frontal‐limbic white matter asymmetry changes or remains stable across late childhood and adolescence. Neuroticism was assessed up to four times and showed good intraindividual stability and did not significantly change with age. Conforming our cross‐sectional results, females scoring high on neuroticism displayed increased left–right cingulum fractional anisotropy (FA), while males showed decreased left–right cingulum FA asymmetry. Despite ongoing age‐related increases in FA in cingulum, the association between neuroticism and cingulum FA asymmetry was already expressed in females in late childhood and remained stable across adolescence. In males, the association appeared to become more prominent during adolescence. Future longitudinal studies need to cover an earlier age span to elucidate the time point at which the relationship between neuroticism and cingulum FA asymmetry arises.
Positron-atom scattering by the Kohn and Harris methods

The $S$-wave scattering parameters have been calculated for the ${e}^{+}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ and ${e}^{+}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{He}$ systems below the positronium-formation threshold. The phase shifts were computed using the Harris variational method, while at zero energy the scattering lengths were obtained by the Kohn variational method. For hydrogen, a generalized Hylleraas wave function with three nonlinear parameters was used, giving an upper-bound scattering length $a\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{-}2.10278$, agreeing with Schwartz's result $a\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{-}2.10$. An extrapolation procedure gives an estimate of $a=\ensuremath{-}2.1036\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0004$. At nonzero energies, agreement with the lower-bound results of Bhatia, Temkin, Drachman and Eiserike, to better than 0.004 rad is achieved. Since the exact atomic-helium wave function is not known, the situation for helium is less clear; various model-target wave functions are examined using a generalized Hylleraas function with two nonlinear parameters. For the exponential model used by Drachman, the scattering is in close agreement with previous results, but the annihilation-rate parameter ${Z}_{\mathrm{eff}}$ is higher by 15% in poorer agreement with experiment at zero energy.
Runaway acceleration during magnetic reconnection in tokamaks

In this paper, the basic theory of runaway electron production is reviewed and recent progress is discussed. The mechanisms of primary and secondary generation of runaway electrons are described and their dynamics during a tokamak disruption is analysed, both in a simple analytical model and through numerical Monte Carlo simulation. A simple criterion for when these mechanisms generate a significant runaway current is derived, and the first self-consistent simulations of the electron kinetics in a tokamak disruption are presented. Radial cross-field diffusion is shown to inhibit runaway avalanches, as indicated in recent experiments on JET and JT-60U. Finally, the physics of relativistic post-disruption runaway electrons is discussed, in particular their slowing down due to emission of synchrotron radiation, and their ability to produce electron–positron pairs in collisions with bulk plasma ions and electrons.
Review on invasion of microplastic in our ecosystem and implications

Today the world is going through the “Plastic Age. ” Nowadays, it is difficult to find a commonly used convenient item that is nonplastic. Plastic production and consumption, thus, increased exponentially and plastic emerged as one of the major concerns for waste management. Recent studies confirmed a faster rate of plastic degradation than previously believed under various conditions (e.g. saltwater, UV, soil interaction) that microplastic has become a new type of health-hazardous pollution source. Much research has been conducted since the discovery of the “Pacific Garbage Patch,” and the scope has expanded from marine to soil, groundwater, air, and food chain. This article underwent a substantial amount of literature review to verify the degree of microplastic pollution progression in major pillars of the environment (aqueous, terrestrial, airborne, bio-organism, and human). Multiple kinds of literature indicated a high possibility of vigorous interaction among the pillars that microplastic is not stationary at the point of contamination but travels across the nation (transboundary) and medium (transmedium). Thus, only the waste reduction policy (i.e. production and consumption reduction) would be effective through a single national or local effort, while pollution and contamination management require more of a collective, if not global, approach. For these characteristics, this article proposes two most urgently required actions to combat microplastic pollution: (a) global acknowledgement of microplastic as transboundary and transmedium pollution source that require international collective action and (b) standardization of microplastic related research including basic definition and experimental specification to secure global comparativeness among data analysis. Without resolving these two issues, it could be very difficult to obtain an accurate global status mapping of microplastic pollution to design effective and efficient global microplastic pollution management policies.
Adipocytokine plasma concentrations reflect influence of inflammation but not body mass index (BMI) on clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 patients: A prospective observational study from the Netherlands

Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for adverse outcome in COVID‐19, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unknown. Adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ by secreting multiple pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory factors, known as adipocytokines, which could be involved in COVID‐19 severity. We explored the role of adipocytokines in COVID‐19 and its association with BMI, clinical outcome, and inflammation. This is an observational study in 195 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. Serial plasma concentrations of the adipocytokines leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and various inflammatory cytokines were assessed. Adipocytokines were compared between patients with normal weight (BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI: 25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), between patients admitted to the ICU and to non‐ICU clinical wards, and between survivors and non‐survivors. Patients with overweight and obesity displayed higher leptin concentrations and lower adiponectin concentrations throughout hospital admission (p < .001), whereas resistin concentrations were not different from patients with normal weight (p = .12). Resistin concentrations correlated with inflammatory markers and were persistently higher in ICU patients and non‐survivors compared to non‐ICU patients and survivors, respectively (both p < .001), whereas no such relationships were found for the other adipocytokines. In conclusion, leptin and adiponectin are associated with BMI, but not with clinical outcomes and inflammation in COVID‐19 patients. In contrast, resistin is not associated with BMI, but high concentrations are associated with worse clinical outcomes and more pronounced inflammation. Therefore, it is unlikely that BMI‐related adipocytokines or differences in the inflammatory response underlie obesity as a risk factor for severe COVID‐19.
Thinking outside the box: Alternative techniques for gender affirming phalloplasty

The benefits of gender affirmation surgery have long been established, and with improved access to care, these operations are being performed with increased frequency. As these surgeries continue to be performed, the surgical techniques continue to evolve. Phalloplasty, or the creation of a phallus, remains one of the most complex surgical endeavors in which a variety of factors influence surgical decision making. This article aims to present the lesser known and less frequently performed means of phalloplasty in gender affirming genitourinary reconstruction.
Sexual Offense Disclosure Assessment in Youth Referred to Community Treatment: A Latent Class Analysis

This study seeks to extend research evaluating tools to assess the disclosure of sexually abusive behavior. The subjects were 239 male youth (ages 10–20 years) who were court-ordered to participate in a community-based collaborative intervention for sexual offending that includes outpatient and probationary services. All youth participated in an interview to capture referral incident details about admission, responsibility, empathy, and remorse at intake, during intervention, and at discharge. Intake, treatment, discharge, and recidivism measures were also collected from multiple sources. Latent class analysis identified three classes based on the intake interview: Empathetic Admitters (22%), Unempathetic Admitters (38%), and Unempathetic Deniers (40%). Significant class differences were found on intake (e.g., use of physical force, caregiver denial of youth responsibility), treatment (e.g., any sanctions/violations), and discharge measures (e.g., successful treatment, probation officer ratings), but not in recidivism rates. The findings extend efforts to identify and target different disclosure patterns whose clinical monitoring may support a comprehensive intervention.
Investigating the angular and spectral properties of natural targets using CHRIS‐PROBA images of San Rossore test site

This paper addresses the use of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of natural surfaces for remote sensing applications and environmental monitoring. Multiangle images, acquired by the compact high resolution imaging spectrometer (CHRIS) over the San Rossore test site, have been analysed in order to exploit the potential of using the BRDF for data mining and precise retrieval of biophysical and geophysical parameters. The apparent reflectance and the anisotropy factor (ANIF) of selected soil cover types have been computed, after correcting the at‐sensor radiance for atmospheric effects. The departure of soil reflectance from the standard Lambertian behaviour has been investigated, together with the hypothesis of BRDF spectral‐angular separability. Then, the ANIF dependence on surface optical properties, illumination and viewing geometry has been assessed and demonstrated using an ANIF image. The stability of the atmospheric correction procedure was analysed, studying the retrieved reflectance versus the solar zenith angle.
Nekhoroshev's estimates for quasi-periodic time-dependent perturbations

In this paper, we consider a Diophantine quasi-periodic time-dependent analytic perturbation of a convex integrable Hamiltonian system, and we prove a result of stability of the action variables for an exponentially long interval of time. This extends known results for periodic time-dependent perturbations, and partly solves a long standing conjecture of Chirikov and Lochak. We also obtain improved stability estimates close to resonances or far away from resonances, and a more general result without any Diophantine condition.
Assessment of oil quality traits in some important exotic and indigenous collections of Brassica species

ABSTRACT Context. In the breeding of oilseed Brassica crops for human consumption and animal feed, the main objective is the expansion of commercial varieties with low erucic acid, low glucosinolates, and high oleic acid content. Indian cultivars are high in erucic acid and glucosinolates. Aims. This study examined variation among species and genotypes of Brassica for early screening potential in breeding programs for enhanced oil quality of rapeseed mustard. Methods. Seeds of 165 Brassica genotypes including exotic and indigenous collections from India were analysed for oil content, fatty acid composition of seed oil, and glucosinolate content in seed meal. Species represented were B. juncea (159 genotypes), B. rapa (2), B. napus (2), B. carinata (1) and Eruca sativa (1). Correlation, principal component and cluster analyses were performed. Key results. Substantial genetic variability was detected among genotypes for all studied traits. Oil content ranged from 32% to 45%. Oleic (11.93–54.13%), linoleic (13.33–35.85%), linolenic (3.42–20.77%) and erucic (0–50.70%) acids were the dominant fatty acids. Erucic acid had a significant and negative association with oleic, linoleic, linolenic and eicosenoic acids. Glucosinolate content varied from 7.32 to 282.17 μmol/g in the defatted meal. The first two principal components accounted for 48.10% of cumulative variation. Genotypes were grouped into five major clusters. Genotypes of one cluster had high oleic acid (46.73%) and low erucic acid (1.72%). Conclusions. Five promising genotypes were found with low glucosinolate (<30 μmol/g defatted meal) and low erucic acid (<2%) content (i.e. ‘00’ characteristics). Implications. The inherent variation for seed oil quality traits across assessed Brassica genotypes suggests their potential for application in future breeding operations.