Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed adaptive impedance control of networked Lagrangian systems with neighborhood interaction feedback

In this study, a new distributed impedance control is proposed in networked Lagrangian systems to improve the compliant performance of each node in respective environment. Different from previous state consensus, this control objective focuses on the dynamic impedance cooperation of networked Lagrangian systems. The augmented impedance error is introduced in the distributed impedance control frame to evaluate the compliant performance of the designed controller. Based on this impedance control frame, the virtual interaction field is proposed to address some typical tasks such that avoid node collision and ensure high cooperation of neighborhood nodes. Then a distributed adaptive impedance controller together with the radial basis function neural network is employed to compensate the model uncertainties of networked Lagrangian systems and guarantee each note convergence to the prescribed dynamic impedance model, which is governed by the robot‐environment interaction. Finally, the comparative simulations have verified the effectiveness of the proposed distributed impedance control method.
MANAGEABLE AGRONOMIC PRACTICES IN ORGANIC PRODUCTION OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUIDULATA (L. WALP) IN A MIXED CULTURE WITH SORGHUM

A three year (2002, 2003 and 2004) field experiment was conducted with the main objective of achieving optimum cowpea grain yield without starter mineral nitrogen and inorganic pesticides. Three spatial arrangements were tested against three weeding frequency. The experiment was a factorial design with a Completely Randomized Block layout. The treatments were replicated three times. The effects of these cultural interventions were observed on cowpea srtiga count nodulation, net assimilation rate (NAR) and grain yield. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA and means were separated using LSD (P ≤ 0.05). NAR were enhanced (P≤0.05) by the interaction of weeding frequency and spatial arrangement. Weeding × spatial arrangements reduced (P ≤ 0.05) striga incidence on cowpea during 2003 and 2004. Weeding thrice × sowing 1:2 and weeding twice × sowing on the same hill gave a statistically similar result. Nodulation was enhanced by the interaction of weeding frequency and spatial arrangement. Weeding frequency × planting arrangement significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) cowpeas grain yield during 2004. The highest grain yields (1344 and1347 Kg/ha) were recorded from weeding twice × sowing 1:2 and weeding thrice × sowing on the same hill. Based on these field data the frequency of weeding enhanced physical removal of weeds, minimized competetion for growth resources, improved soil conditioning for optimum aeration, increased soil air-water ratio for optimum mycorraler and other beneficial soil microbial activities; While intercropping possibly provided canopy coverage for moisture conservation and pest control.
Pulp and paper making potentials of elaeis guineensis (oil palm) grown in south east, Nigeria

The objective of this study was to determine the pulping and paper making potentials of oil palm (E guineensis). Fibrous material from the whole trunk (WT), empty fruit bunch (EFB, fronds (FDS) and depithed trunk (DT) were evaluated using proximate chemical analysis, fiber morphological and related characteristics. Effect of active alkali (AA) % as Na2O on kraft pulping properties and the handsheet paper propertie was studied. Proximate chemical analysis reveal acceptable cellulose content for EFB (43.51%), FDS (51.13%) and DT (53.80%) while WT (32.44) is unacceptable. Low lignin content obtained (17.8−21.8%) suggests easier pulping characteristics. The high % NaOH solubility of WT (26.05%) and FDS (32.1%) suggest potential of high effluent loads. Fiber morphological studies revealed that approximately 83% of fibers are ≤ 1.5 mm in length thus putting oil palm as a short fiber source. The slenderness ratio ranges from 33.44 to 82.80; Runkelratio from 0.40 to 0.63; flexibility co-efficient from 57.20 to 71.
Performance Analysis and Improvement of PR-SCTP in an Event Logging Context

PR-SCTP, a partially reliable extension of SCTP, provides a flexible QoS trade-off between timeliness and reliability for application traffic. However, the performance of PR-SCTP can be reduced due to certain traffic characteristics and network scenarios. Previously, we proposed a NR-SACK based optimization for PR-SCTP. In this work we extensively evaluate and analyze the performance of PR-SCTP with NR-SACKs using different network scenarios. Moreover, we compare the performance of our NR-SACK based PR-SCTP with existing transport protocols for syslog traffic. In the evaluation, we use real syslog traces from an operational syslog system. The results indicate that NR-SACKs based PR-SCTP significantly improves the overall message transfer delay as compared to SCTP and TCP.
Effects of Height-to-Diameter Ratio of Pin Element on Heat Transfer From Staggered Pin-Fin Arrays

A pin-fin array is a compact heat exchanger and widely used for cooling of turbine airfoils. This study is to experimentally examine the effects of pin height or height-to-diameter ratio (H/D) on the heat transfer from a pin-fin array. The test models are designed to facilitate three different H/D ratios, from 2 to 4, with a staggered pin-fin array of inter-pin spacing 2.5 times the pin diameter (S/D = X/D = 2.5) in both longitudinal and transverse directions. The Reynolds number ranges from 10,000 to 30,000. The experiment uses a hybrid technique based on the transient liquid-crystal imaging to obtain detailed local heat transfer coefficients over both the pin-fin surface and endwalls. Overall array-averaged heat transfer increases with the H/D value or pin height. Most of the heat transfer contribution for H/D>2 comes from the pins rather than the endwall. However, higher H/D leads to a greater pressure loss. As a measure of heat transfer enhancement per pressure loss, H/D = 2 leads to the highest performance index and H/D = 4 is the lowest.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
DETERMINATION OF PURCHASE INTENTION OF BASIC NEEDS ON E-COMMERCE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

E-commerce entrepreneurs in Indonesia are categorized as low when compared to businesses without e-commerce. The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic has changed people's behavior in meeting basic needs, which tend to use e-commerce for shopping. Indonesia includes the active use of ecommerce in buying basic needs. This study aims to examine the factors that influence purchase intention of basic needs through e-commerce such as knowledge, brand attitudes, site trust, and perceived value which are considered to affect purchase intention of basic needs through e-commerce. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with the Partial Least Square analysis tool. The results of this study indicate that e-commerce knowledge and brand attitudes do not have a positive effect on purchase intention of basic needs through e-commerce. Meanwhile, site trust and perceived value can mediate between e-commerce knowledge and brand attitudes towards purchase intention of basic needs through e-commerce.
Estimation of track misregistration by using dual-stripe magnetoresistive heads

We propose here a new concept of servoing with dual-stripe magnetoresistive (DSMR) heads. This paper examines the use of its asymmetric microtrack profile for estimating the data and providing servo information. The misregistration estimation algorithm is addressed for a class 4 partial response (PR4) equalized data channel. This requires a low-pass filter to reach an accurate estimation after enough samples are used. Simulation results for a specific head configuration are given which verify the estimating performance. The estimator estimates track misregistration precisely and quickly enough for practical purposes in a real storage system.
The Pattern of Medicine Use in Ethiopia Using the WHO Core Drug Use Indicators

Introduction Rational medicine use is an appropriate prescribing, dispensing, and patient use of medicines for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases. It is affected by several factors. Irrational use of medicine is a widespread problem at all levels of care. This review is aimed at assessing the medicine use pattern in health facilities of Ethiopia using the medicine use pattern developed by WHO/INRUD. Methods Relevant literature was searched from Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari, Web of Science, and Scopus using inclusion and exclusion criteria. A systematic review was used to summarize the medicine use pattern in health facilities of Ethiopia, and that WHO core drug use indicators were employed. Result From 188 searched studies, 30 literatures were reviewed. The average number of drugs per encounter was 2.11. The percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injection was 57.16% and 22.39%, respectively. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from an essential drug list was 91.56% and 90.19%, respectively. On average, patients spent 5.14 minutes for consultation and 106.52 seconds for dispensing. From prescribed drugs, 67.79% were dispensed, while only 32.25% were labeled adequately. The availability of key essential medicines was 64.87%. The index of rational drug use value was 7.26. Moreover, the index of rational drug prescribing, index of rational patient-care drug use, and index of rational facility-specific drug use were 3.74, 2.51, and 1.01, respectively. Conclusion Ethiopian health facilities were faced with antibiotic overprescribing, short consultation, and dispensing times, poor labeling of medicines, poor availability of key drugs, and nonadherence to the essential drug list. Routine, multidisciplinary awareness creation, and regulation should be implemented to promote rational medicine use at a national level.
Characterization of a Nigerian Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Isolate after Experimental Infection of Cattle

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), together with sheeppox virus and goatpox virus, belong to the genus Capripoxvirus within the family Poxviridae. Collectively, they are considered the most serious poxvirus diseases of agricultural livestock. Due to their severe clinical course and consequent loss of production, as well as high mortality of naïve small and large ruminant populations, they are known to have a significant impact on the economy and global trade restrictions of affected countries. Therefore, all capripox diseases are classified as notifiable under the guidelines of the World Organization of Animal Health (OIE). Since the 1970s, several outbreaks of LSD have been recorded in Nigeria. Until now, only a little information on the virus strains leading to the reported outbreaks have been published, dealing mainly with the phylogenetic relationship of those strains and the description of field outbreaks. During the present study, we experimentally infected cattle with a low-passage Nigerian LSDV strain isolated from a skin sample of LSD positive cattle in Nigeria in 2018. Clinical, molecular and serological data indicate that this LSDV isolate is highly pathogenic in cattle since it induced a severe clinical course and approximately 33% mortality in naïve Holstein Friesian cattle after experimental infection.
Investigating Longitudinal Associations Between Racial Microaggressions, Coping, Racial/Ethnic Identity, and Mental Health in Black Girls and Women: Dismantling Systems of Racism and Oppression during Adolescence.

Racial microaggressions pose significant risk to health and well-being among Black adolescents and adults. Yet, protective factors (i.e., coping, racial/ethnic identity) can moderate the impact of racial microaggressions over time. Unfortunately, few studies have evaluated the role of these protective factors longitudinally or specifically among Black girls and women. In the current study, we focused on the experiences of Black girls and women and investigated the longitudinal links between racial microaggressions and mental health symptoms over 1 year. We then explored the role of two key protective factors as moderators-coping with racial discrimination and racial/ethnic identity-for mental health. Participants included 199 Black adolescent girls (Mage = 16.02) and 199 Black women (Mage = 42.82) who completed measures on two types of racial microaggressions, three types of coping strategies, racial/ethnic identity, and mental health symptomology. Girls and women completed measures at three time points over 1 year. Results indicated both types of microaggressions predicted increased mental health symptoms in Black women. Among Black girls, assumptions of criminality predicted increased externalizing symptoms only when protective factors were included in the model. Analysis of the protective factors indicated a potential direct benefit rather than a moderating role of coping with racial discrimination through positive thinking for mental health in both Black girls and women. Evidence suggests that coping may have had a direct rather than an indirect effect on Black girls' mental health over time. We conclude with future directions for research and considerations for practice.
Comprehensive Assessment of Performances of Long Time-Series LAI, FVC and GPP Products over Mountainous Areas: A Case Study in the Three-River Source Region, China

Vegetation biophysical products offer unique opportunities to examine long-term vegetation dynamics and land surface phenology (LSP). It is important to understand the time-series performances of various global biophysical products for global change research. However, few endeavors have been dedicated to assessing the performances of long-term change characteristics or LSP extraction derived from different satellite products, especially in mountainous areas with highly fragmented and rugged surfaces. In this paper, we assessed the time-series characteristics and LSP detections of Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) leaf area index (LAI), fractional vegetation cover (FVC), and gross primary production (GPP) products across the Three-River Source Region (TRSR). The performances of products’ temporal agreements and their statistical relationship as a function of topographic indices and heterogeneous pixels, respectively, were investigated through intercomparison among three products during the period 2000 to 2018. The results show that the phenological differences between FVC and two other products are beyond 10 days over more than 35% of the pixels in TRSR. The long-term trend of FVC diverges significantly from GPP and LAI for 13.96% of the total pixels, and the percentages of mismatched pixels between FVC and two other products are 33.24% in the correlation comparison. Moreover, good agreements are observed between GPP and LAI, both in terms of LSP and interannual variations. Finally, the LSP and long-term dynamics of the three products exhibit poor performances on heterogeneous surfaces and complex topographic areas, which reflects the potential impacts of environmental factors and algorithmic imperfections on the quality and performances of different products. Our study highlights the spatiotemporal disparities in detections of surface vegetation activity in mountainous areas by using different biophysical products. Future global change studies may require multiple high-quality satellite products with long-term stability as data support.
Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences Salinity Tolerance During Germination and Seedling Growth of Some Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) Cultivars

The research was conducted to determine effects of salt concentrations on emergence and seedling development of lentil varieties. Trials were made during the year of 2013 on the laboratory and greenhouse of Selcuk University, Agricultural Faculty. Emergency trial was set up according to “Randomized Plots Design” by two factors and four replications; greenhouse trial was also set up according to “Randomized Plots Design” by two factors and three replications. The lentil varieties; Altın Toprak, Fırat-87, Kafkas, Malazgirt-89, Meyvesi-2001, Seyran-96, Sultan-I, Çağıl, Çiftçi and Özbek were used as material for both of the trials. Effects of the five doses of salt concentrations [0 (control), 30 mM, 60 mM, 90 mM and 120 mM] on the ratio of emergency, speed of emergency, average time for emergency, index of sensibility, length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, index of salt tolerance were evaluated. Responses of the lentil varieties for salt concentrations were differed. Comparing to the control, all of the investigated characteristics on the lentil genotypes showed significant reduction by depending on the increasing salt level. According to the effects of salt application, the lentil varieties Malazgirt-89, Fırat-87 and Çiftçi were the most tolerance by view of plant dry weights while the lentil varieties Özbek and Seyran-97 were the most sensitive. Consequently, the lentil varieties Malazgirt-89, Fırat-87 and Çiftçi showed high tolerance ratio for the salt application.
Interactions between xylem traits linked to hydraulics during xylem development optimize growth performance in conifer seedlings

Climate change has threatened forests globally, challenging tree species’ ability to track the rapidly changing environment (e.g., drought and temperature rise). Conifer species face strong environmental filters due to climatic seasonality. Investigating how conifers change their hydraulic architecture during xylem development across the growing season may shed light on possible mechanisms underlying hydraulic adaptation in conifers. Laser microscopy was used to assess the three-dimensional hydraulic architecture of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lambert), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), and black spruce (Picea mariana (Miller) Britton, Sterns & Poggenburgh) seedlings. We measured hydraulic-related xylem traits in different regions (from early to latewood), during four years of plant growth. The xylem development of jack pine seedlings contrasts with the other species by maintaining torus overlap (a hydraulic safety-associated xylem trait), relatively constant across the season (from early to latewood), and over the years studied. The expansion of tracheids and torus was positively associated with plant growth. Pit aperture-torus covariance is central to the seasonal dynamics of jack pine xylem development, which jointly with a rapid tracheid and pit expansion is consistent with strong growth performance. Linking xylem structural changes during xylem development with hydraulics is a major issue for future research to assess conifers vulnerability to climate change.
WE3E-3 A 50:l BANDWIDTH COST-EFFECTIVE COUPLER WITH SLICED COAXL4L CABLE

A 20 dB 50:l bandwidth, extremely low-cost coupler with sliced coaxial cable is reported in this paper. The proposed coupler consists of two shaped coaxial cables with adequate sliced lineartapered cuts and soldered together. It has excellent performance in terms of low VSWR, good isolation, excellent EM1 shielding, ultrawide coupling bandwidth, and high power handling capability. Good agreement between measurements and calculations on one hand shows the excellent performance of the coupler, and on the otRer hand validates the design procedure.
Assessment of interruption cost to high tech industry in Taiwan

A major issue in utility system resource planning is to provide justification of new reliability levels. Electric service interruption cost is a key indicator of customer expectation and therefore reliability worth. Various surveys have been conducted for assessing interruption costs to different types of customers. To justify the investment on providing premium power for high tech industry, a survey aimed to have a closer look of loss to high tech industrial customers due to electric service interruptions has been conducted. Six high tech categories including semiconductor, computer peripheral, telecommunication, optoelectronics, precision machinery and biotechnology industries were surveyed. An attempt was also conducted to obtain preliminary information of the high tech industry power quality requirements. This paper summarizes some of the important findings from the survey.
Risk Perception and Social Acceptability of Technologies: The French Case

The authors present results of a February 1987 survey on judged frequency of mortality causes and risk perception of technologies in a representative sample of the French population. Although the French context is very different, and the impact of public controversies have been very limited on technological choices such as the nuclear energy program, strong similarities in risk perception of technologies are observed with results from U.S. surveys. Results, which could be worthwhile for other countries, suggest that risk perception is influenced by two different types of components. The first influence is the global feeling of â€œsecurityâ€ that society procures to its members. Such feeling depends on the individual's socioeconomic status, subjective state of health, and personal discomfort in daily life, and explains individual aversion to risk independently of the mortality causes or technologies involved. The second influence is the degree of perceived social legitimization of the activities involving risks. Risks of medical and transportation activities are strongly opposed to illegitimate risky behaviors (smoking, drugs, alcohol); technologies which have been an object of public debate (nuclear plants, the chemical industry, lead in gasoline) have an intermediate position reflecting the remaining uncertainties of public opinion about their riskâ€“benefit balancing. Tentative conclusions for risk communication are proposed.
Neurodegeneration and Astrogliosis in the Human CA1 Hippocampal Subfield Are Related to hsp90ab1 and bag3 in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by executive dysfunction and memory impairment mediated by the accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The hippocampus (HIPP) is essential for memory formation and is involved in early stages of disease. In fact, hippocampal atrophy is used as an early biomarker of neuronal injury and to evaluate disease progression. It is not yet well-understood whether changes in hippocampal volume are due to neuronal or glial loss. The aim of the study was to assess hippocampal atrophy and/or gliosis using unbiased stereological quantification and to obtain hippocampal proteomic profiles related to neurodegeneration and gliosis. Hippocampal volume measurement, stereological quantification of NeuN-, Iba-1- and GFAP-positive cells, and sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) analysis were performed in AD and non-AD cases. Reduced hippocampal volume was identified using the Cavalieri probe, particularly in the CA1 region, where it correlated with neuronal loss and astrogliosis. A total of 102 downregulated and 47 upregulated proteins were identified in the SWATH-MS analysis after restrictive filtering based on an FC > 1.5 and p value < 0.01. The Hsp90 family of chaperones, particularly BAG3 and HSP90AB1, are closely related to astrocytes, indicating a possible role in degrading Aβ and tau through chaperone-mediated autophagy.