Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid CPU-GPU-Based Electromagnetic Transient Simulation of Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC Application

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is one of the key components for modern high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission systems. Fast and accurate electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation of the MMC is crucial to capture the finest dynamics and transients required for proper planning, design, and control prototyping of multiterminal DC (MTDC) grids. This paper proposes a hybrid high-performance computing platform for the simulation of the HVDC transmission system based on graphics processing unit (GPU). An EMT program is developed to implement the discrete time model for the two-terminal modular multilevel converters. The high computational power of the hybrid CPU-GPU platform is utilized to simulate all components in the HVDC system by capturing the detailed dynamics and transients. Moreover, a parallel GPU-based simulation algorithm is presented in the paper. The proposed algorithm provides an advanced solution for balanced distribution of simulation tasks on both the CPU and GPU to exploit the available resources on GPU at low communication latency without any compromise of the simulation accuracy. The results obtained from the proposed hybrid platform show high accuracy compared to the results obtained from Matlab/Simulink/Simscape/Specialized Power System model using the same network configuration and parameters. The proposed CPU-GPU MMC model is shown to achieve a speed up of 27.5 folds, compared to the sequential algorithm of MMC model implemented in CPU.
Socio-economic factors influencing adoption of yam Minisett Technology in Niger State of Nigeria

Nigeria produces about 70% of the world’s yam accounting for about 39.9 million tonnes. The major constraint has being that of planting seeds amounting to about one third of the total production cost. In order to reduce this perennial production problem, yam minisett technology developed by National Root Crop Research Institute, Umudike, was thought to be an alternative to solving the planting seed menace. This study attempts to investigate the socio-economic factor influencing the adoption of this new technology. It was conducted in all the 25 local Government areas of Niger State. Data were collected by multi – stage random sampling technique using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the information collected. Results showed that majority of the farmers interviewed had no access to credit, very low extension contact, low levels education, lack of awareness about the minisett technology and therefore were yet to adopt the minisett technology. Farm size (0.796), labour input (-0.585), cooperativeness (1.026), extension contact (0.959), income (0.473) and credit (0.533) were found to significantly influence the adoption of the yam minisett technology. The study recommends increased farm advisory services. Farmers should belong to Cooperative societies. Key words : adoption, minisett technology, socio-economic factor
Paraesthesia Following Dental Local Anaesthetic Administration in the United States

Background: Several studies have suggested that the likelihood of paraesthesia may depend on the local anaesthetic (LA) used. The purpose of this study was to analyze reports of paraesthesia among dental LAs used in the U.S. Methods: Reports of paraesthesia involving LAs between November 1997 through August 2008 were obtained from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System. Chi-Square analysis compared expected frequencies, based on U.S. LA sales data, to observed reports of oral paraesthesia. Results: During the study period 248 cases of paraesthesia following dental procedures were reported. Most (94.5%) cases involved mandibular nerve block. The lingual nerve was affected in 89.0% of cases. Reports involving 4%-prilocaine and 4%-articaine were 7.3-times and 3.6times, respectively, greater than expected (! 2 , p<0.0001) based on LA usage by U.S. dentists. Conclusions: Consistent with previous reports, these data suggest that paraesthesia is more common following use of 4% LA formulations.
Global Disease Burden of Group A Streptococcus

Despite being in existence for hundreds of years, Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci) remains a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality, with a particular impact in resource-limited settings. The vast majority of cases of acute rheumatic fever (ARF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), and invasive S. pyogenes cases occur in low-resource settings (Carapetis, 2005) (Figure 1). Accurate estimates of the global disease burden are important in planning for disease control, allocating resources, advocating for interventions, and prioritizing new strategies and research. This is particularly relevant in light of the potential to invest in the development of a vaccine to control S. pyogenes disease (Moreland, et al., 2014) (for more information, see the chapter on vaccine development in this book). However, overall disease burden estimates are difficult, mainly because of the scarcity of comprehensive disease registries, the reliance on passive surveillance systems, and the underreporting of both acute and chronic cases. This is true in all regions, and particularly in countries where S. pyogenes diseases occur most frequently (Marijon, Mirabel, Celermajer, & Jouven, 2012). Clinical manifestations of S. pyogenes are among the most diverse of any human pathogen (Ralph & Carapetis, 2013). S. pyogenes has a varied presentation that ranges from seemingly benign pharyngitis and skin infections to more severe glomerulonephritis and sepsis, as well as devastating rheumatic heart disease (RHD), toxic shock syndrome, and necrotizing fasciitis.In 2005, a review of the global burden of group A streptococcal diseases was published, using conservative methodologies that were deliberately designed to under-estimate the burden (Carapetis, 2005; Carapetis, Steer, Mulholland, & Weber, 2005b). At that time, it was estimated that a minimum of 18.1 million people were suffering from invasive S. pyogenes diseases, with an additional 1.78 million incident cases occurring each year. These estimates did not include over 111 million cases of streptococcal pyoderma and 616 million cases of S. pyogenes pharyngitis each year (Carapetis, Steer, Mulholland, & Weber, 2005b). A subsequent review published in 2008 provided updated data on the RHD burden from Asia, which estimated between 1.96 and 2.21 million cases of RHD in Asian children 5 to 14 years of age (Carapetis, 2008). These studies also highlighted the dramatic gaps in reliable recent disease burden data from many regions, particularly Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America.In this chapter, we will build on the 2005 review by including the considerable amount of studies that have been performed since that review. Improved capacity for case detection that includes the use of echocardiography, as well as an increase in notification, have been associated with increases in reported rates of S. pyogenes–related diseases in low-resource settings.
Article original/Original article Training in therapeutic patient education of French primary care physicians: practices and perceived needs

Introduction: Undergraduate medical education curricula in France rarely include training in patient ed- ucation and few data is available for postgraduates training. The aim was to assess actual practices, perceptions, and needs of French primary care physicians in the field of postgraduate training in patient education. Methods: A total of 2083 physicians completed a detailed questionnaire on current practices, perceptions and needs with respect to training in patient education. Results: Overall, the attitude of physicians towards patient education was positive and they are largely involved. Half of them underwent training in the last 12 months, and another 25% were planning to do some. However, there was a conflict between effective practices and perceived needs. Involvement in an association of patients and working in a group practice are positively correlated with the enrolment to TPE trainings. Lack of time was the main reason given by physicians who did not plan any training. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the gap between primary care physicians' intentions and their feedback concerning current practices, as well as the difficulty experienced by primary care physicians in "catching up" with the social dimensions that were missed out in undergrad- uate medical education. This survey raises questions about the initial training of primary care physicians in France. The complexity of patient management means that a body of knowledge needs to be created, including input from the field of human and social sciences.
Cost of respiratory diseases in dairy heifer calves

This paper estimates the total cost of respiratory disease in dairy heifer calves. In a typical dairy herd, 14% of dairy replacement heifer born alive are culled before first calving. Respiratory disease is involved, either directly (death) or indirectly (poor growth rate). Overall cost is a combination of many factors such as, but not limited to, veterinary treatments, loss of performances, extended rearing period, death, delay at first service and capital wasted. Young calves (3-16 weeks) are at higher risk, and mean duration of disease outbreak is 5 weeks. Morbidity and mortality are influenced by the severity of infections.
The possibility of dexrazoxane to prevent ovarian damage caused by toxicity

ABSTRACT Dexrazoxane (Dexra), a catalytic topoisomerase II inhibitor and strong chelator, has been safely used in the clinic to decrease cardiotoxicity and extravasation caused by the anthracycline class of chemotherapy agents. Dexra also effectively shields the ovary from doxorubicin (DXR) chemotherapy at a dose 10-fold lower than that clinically approved for cardioprotection, ameliorating concerns that this chemoprotectant may diminish anti-tumor efficacy or increase risk for secondary malignancies. Dexra prevents acute DNA damage caused by DXR in the ovary, prolongs the reproductive lifespan of the adult female mouse post-chemotherapy, and improves offspring health. Cross-application of clinically-approved Dexra pretreatment demonstrates timely drug-based ovoprotection can be clinically implemented to improve quality of life post-cancer.
Use and acceptance of an electronic health record: factors affecting physician attitudes

The benefits of using electronic health records (EHRs) are well-documented; however, a number of implementation barriers have impeded their widespread use. The literature provides evidence of failed clinical system implementations, due to lack of adoption by users. Health care organizations must be prepared to anticipate and manage changes that will accompany implementation of a new information system. As the key coordinator and provider of patient care, physician acceptance of an EHR application will determine the overall success of a product's implementation. The objective of this study was to determine the individual characteristics and sociotechnical factors that may contribute to physician acceptance of an EHR. A hypothesized causal model grounded in Diffusion of Innovations theory and the Technology Acceptance Model was developed using case study and survey methods, and was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). An online survey was distributed to 802 faculty, fellow and resident physicians in an acute care teaching institution in the southeastern United States. Overall response rate was 29.8%. The model variables explained over 73% of the variance in EHR attitude and acceptable model fit was achieved. Individual physician characteristics did not correlate with attitudes in this population. Factors contributing to physician acceptance include: management support, physician involvement in selection and implementation, perceptions of the EHR's impact on physician autonomy, doctor-patient relationship, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Study participants also expressed concerns about perceptions of the EHR's potential negative impact on clinical workflow and efficiency. Adequate training was not a significant predictor of attitudes. Significant contributions of this study include development of an EHR Acceptance Model for assessing physician attitudes prior to EHR implementation. Other healthcare institutions may find this framework useful for assessing EHR readiness. The findings may aid software developers in designing products to accommodate multiple clinical specialties and user skill levels. The results provide empirical support for a theory about the impact of sociotechnical factors on physician attitudes about EHR adoption.
A History of Corporate Governance around the World: Family Business Groups to Professional Managers

For many Americans, capitalism is a dynamic engine of prosperity that rewards the bold, the daring, and the hardworking. But to many outside the United States, capitalism seems like an initiative that serves only to concentrate power and wealth in the hands of a few hereditary oligarchies. As A History of Corporate Governance around the World shows, neither conception is wrong. In this volume, some of the brightest minds in the field of economics present new empirical research that suggests that each side of the debate has something to offer the other. Free enterprise and well-developed financial systems are proven to produce growth in those countries that have them. But research also suggests that in some other capitalist countries, arrangements truly do concentrate corporate ownership in the hands of a few wealthy families. A History of Corporate Governance around the World provides historical studies of the patterns of corporate governance in several countries - including the large industrial economies of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States; larger developing economies like China and India; and alternative models like those of the Netherlands and Sweden.
Tokophobia: Fear Of Pregnancy And Childbirth

Tokophobia is a pathological fear of pregnancy and can lead to avoidance of childbirth. It can be classified as primary tokophobia or secondary tokophobia. Fears are more intense and more common in primigravidae than in the multigravidae. Women with tokophobia can have increased psychological morbidity during both antepartum as well as postpartum period. Increased incidence of caesarean section is found in this group of women. Management in terms of proper childbirth education and counselling should be implemented in modern obstetrics.
Evaluating a Middle Level Master's Program at Southeastern University: Recommendations and Outcomes

This article describes original research to determine reasons graduate students do not complete requirements for a Master’s (M.Ed.) in Middle Level Education degree at the Southeastern University. Since the program’s initial cohort the graduation rate has decreased. Program faculty was concerned about the increasing difference between the number of applicant completers, as well as the decreasing number of applicants. In the original study, the data revealed that the most favorable outcome of completing a Master’s in Middle Level Education degree was receiving a pay raise. The analysis also revealed barriers to the Master’s in Middle Level Education program such as limited provisions of financial assistance. In 2014, the researcher completed a follow-up comparison of numbers of applicants and completers to determine if the downward trend of numbers had continued. The number of applicants had steadily declined. The author revisits the original recommendations for the faculty and discusses courses of actions for the future of the degree.
Fetomaternal outcome in patients with oligohydromnions in a tertiary hospital

Background: Oligohydramnios defined as an AFI ≤5 or maximum vertical pocket devoid of umbilical cord or fetal limbs measure <2 cm, in the presence of intact membranes is a common obstetric complication. The objective was to study the fetomaternal outcome in patients with oligohydromnios in tertiary hospital. Methods: 50 singleton live pregnancies between 34-40 weeks gestation with well-established dates with AFI 5 or less were selected for the study group. 50 singleton live pregnancies between 34-40 weeks gestation with well-established dates with AFI more than 5 were selected for the control group. Ultrasound examination was done for all women whenever they visited the hospital at/after 34 weeks of gestation. AFI was obtained sonographically. Maternal and fetal outcomes were studied in both groups. Results: Oligohydromnios is associated with increased rates of LSCS and induction of labour. The babies are more likely for NICU admissions. There was no difference in low APGAR score, congenital anamoly, perinatal deaths. Conclusions: The study concludes that oligohydromnios leads to increased LSCS, induction and NICU admissions. Once oligohydramnios is detected, patients should be put on regular fetal surveillance such as Doppler studies and NST. Timely termination of pregnancy can reduce the fetal and maternal complications and improve labour outcome.
Women's experiences of lymphedema.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To explore women's experiences of lymphedema. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive. SETTING: An urban community in the midwestern United States. SAMPLE: Ten women who experienced lymphedema after breast cancer treatment and who had (a) completed their treatment for stage I or stage II breast cancer at least one year before the study, (b) experienced an onset of lymphedema at least two months after surgery, (c) no current evidence of cancer disease or cancer recurrence, (d) lymphedema not caused by cancer in the brachial plexus, and (e) no history of hospitalization for alcoholism, substance abuse, or psychiatric conditions. The women ranged in age from 36-75 years. Mean survival time was seven years, and the mean time since onset of lymphedema was four years. METHODS: Two in-depth interviews per participant. PATIENTS: Most women were able to continue living their normal lives. Some women experienced depression, anxiety, and impairments related to their intimate, work, and social relationships. Physicians' limited knowledge about lymphedema, conflicting treatment information, and the limited number of available treatment centers caused distress for the participants. Their experiences can be categorized into three predominant themes: Abandonment by Medicine, Concealing the imperfect image, and Living the Interrupted Life. CONCLUSIONS: Research efforts to expand the knowledge base regarding the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of lymphedema are needed. Also needed is research that explores the impact of lymphedema on quality of life and functional ability as well as the psychosocial impact of lymphedema on body image, self esteem, and social support. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Care providers and breast cancer survivors should be educated about the prevention and treatment of lympedema. Nurses should refer patients to advocacy hot lines and support groups for information and support when appropriate. Women with lymphedema should be assessed periodically for psychosocial distress and referred for care as needed.
Colorectal cancer in patients under 30 years of age. Discussion

The Southwestern Surgical Congress (SWSC) recently initiated a registry of unusual cases. The registry was created to collect information on patients with uncommon conditions treated by members of the Congress. The registry is intended to be a source of clinical information for the members, as well as a tool for the conduct of retrospective and prospective clinical and epidemiologic studies. As the first project, we collected data on patients with colorectal cancer who were 30 years of age or less at the time of diagnosis
Corporate Governance And Voluntary Disclosure In France

This paper investigates the effect of corporate governance practices on the extent of voluntary disclosure in France. Using a panel of 206 non-financial French listed firms during the period 2006–2009, we find evidence that voluntary disclosure in annual reports increases with managerial ownership, board and audit committee independence, board meeting frequency, and external audit quality. We also find that frequency of audit committee meetings and diligence of board and auditing are associated with decreased disclosure. Additional findings show that larger, more profitable, and less indebted firms have greater voluntary disclosure.
Turkey's performance in attracting foreign direct investment; Implications of EU enlargement. CEPS Working Document No. 157, November 2000

This paper analyses Turkey's performance in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). The paper is divided into three main sections. The first section analyses FDI in Turkey over time and relative to Central and Eastern Europe. The second section identifies the key factors determining investment location and on the basis of these factors assesses Turkey's competitive position. The third section examines the impact of EU enlargement on FDI in Turkey and explores whether the IMF agreement is sufficient for reducing obstacles to investment. The paper concludes that Turkey has under-performed in attracting FDI due to the slow pace of privatisation and political-institutional obstacles, of which chronic inflation is a manifestation. Structured interviews with global companies also highlighted lack of investment promotion as a major obstacle. While the IMF agreement will increase privatisation and reduce inflation, EU membership is vital if Turkey is to successfully compete for foreign investment.
QUARANTINE

Judea, two thousand years ago: it is the first new moon of spring. Several travelers have gathered at a group of remote desert caves: an aged Jew stricken by cancer, a wild desert dweller, a handsome blond man searching for enlightenment, and a childless woman who longs for a baby. The final, and most mysterious, pilgrim is a young Galilean named Jesus who hopes, perhaps alone among them, to come face-to-face with god.
Perceptions of clinical dietetic practice: continuing education and standards.

: A survey to examine dietitians' perceptions of the effects of continuing education on dietetic practice and use of standards to measure quality practice was conducted. Continuing education approved for maintenance of professional registration by the Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR) and continuing education not applicable for registration status (non-CDR) were studied. A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 484 registered dietitians from the northeast United States who had been employed in health care institutions for 3 years or more. A response rate of 40% was obtained. The investigation showed a significantly greater perceived improvement in practice from non-CDR continuing education over a 3-year period than from CDR-approved continuing education. Respondents obtaining less than 30 hours of non-CDR and CDR continuing education over a 3-year period derived a significantly smaller perceived improvement in practice than did respondents obtaining more than 30 hours. Personal standards were used to the greatest extent (87%), followed by standards of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization (68%), to measure quality practice. This study indicates that practitioners focusing on improving their practice will want to consider the contributions of informal work-related activities as well as CDR-approved continuing education.
Adherence in Clinical Trials and in Clinical Practice

The degree of patient adherence is increasingly recognized to be a key factor in the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HAART regimens are also among the most complex ever prescribed and low adherence is directly related to treatment complexity. Physicians prescribing HAART need to make adherence a priority both in clinical practice and in the design and interpretation of clinical trials if HAART really is to succeed in the long term.