Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Supervised Interactive Dual-Stream Network for Pansharpening

Pansharpening is crucial for obtaining high-resolution multispectral images. Existing deep learning-based pansharpening networks rely on supervised learning with external reference labels. Due to the lack of actual fusion results for labeling, simulated degraded data is used with the original multispectral image as the fusion result label. These process steps are cumbersome, which also leads to the problem of scale degradation, and the fusion relationship between data before and after the degradation cannot represent the real fusion relationship. To address these limitations, we propose a self-supervised interactive dual-stream network for pansharpening using real training datasets. Our approach incorporates a dual-stream network architecture, comprising a spatial scale enhancement stream and a spectral channel attention stream. Spatial and spectral features essential for fusion are extracted from the original panchromatic and multispectral images, respectively. Through interconnection at different levels, the network expands the search range in the feature space, enabling continuous interaction between spatial and spectral information during feature extraction and transmission. This ensures the injection of spatial features of varying scales into corresponding-scale spectral features, enhancing complementarity between features. Moreover, we introduce a novel joint spatial-spectral loss function, leveraging the original panchromatic and multispectral images themselves as self-supervised labels. Experimental results on diverse satellite datasets demonstrate the outstanding fusion performance of our method, as assessed through both subjective qualitative evaluation and objective quantitative evaluation. Furthermore, our proposed method exhibits exceptional generalization performance for full-scale remote sensing images, showcasing its practical value.
Impact of Network Coding on Age of Information

We consider the timeliness in delivering an update consisting of multiple message packets to multiple users via multicast transmissions with or without employing network coding where Age of Information (AoI) is adopted to quantify the timeliness of packets. The expressions for peak and average expected AoIs are analytically derived for both uncoded and network coded transmissions for both 2-user and generalized $k$ -users scenarios where the computational burden stemming from network coding is taken into account. The behavioral analyses of a number of network parameters are investigated, and the effect of data rate and computational capacity of nodes is analyzed. Simulations are performed for various Internet of Things (IoT) deployments, and the analyses suggest that the use of network coding for multicast transmissions can result in substantial AoI improvements, with the exception of scenarios in which sensors have extremely limited computational capabilities.
Market beta coefficient and enterprise risk management: A literature review

One of the significant factors in the valuation of publicly listed firms is their market beta coefficient, commonly utilised in the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) as a proxy for stock volatility directly affecting market value. This article’s primary purpose is to explore the theoretical basis for future empirical research into the relationship between the market beta coefficient and enterprise risk management (ERM). The author explores academic literature about various researched variables affecting the market beta coefficient in the context of the neoclassical capital asset pricing model, which was founded on the premise of an efficient market hypothesis.
Proenkephalin Levels and Its Determinants in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease Treated with Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

Recently, proenkephalin A (PENK A) has been shown to reflect glomerular dysfunction and to predict new-onset acute kidney injury and heart failure. While previous studies have investigated PENK A as a biomarker in individuals with preserved renal function, PENK A concentration in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) was not investigated. Plasma PENK A concentration was assessed in 88 patients with ESKD treated with hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), and its associations with kidney function and heart failure indicators were investigated. In HD patients, the difference in PENK A levels before and after hemodialysis, was measured and further assessed for an association with the type of HD membrane used. PENK A levels did not differ significantly between HD and PD patients. In HD patients, the median PENK A concentration was significantly higher before than after hemodialysis (1.368 vs. 2.061, p = 0.003). No correlation was found between PENK A level and urea (p = 0.192), eGFR (p = 0.922), dialysis vintage (p = 0.637), and residual urine output (p = 0.784). Heart failure (p = 0.961), EF (p = 0.361), and NT-proBNP (p = 0.949) were not associated with increased PENK A concentration. PENK A does not reflect renal function and cardiac status in patients with ESKD. Further research is required to establish the clinical utility of the new biomarker in patients with impaired kidney function.
Biopyribole evolution during tremolite synthesis from dolomite and quartz in CO2-H2O fluid

Abstract A series of experiments with and without sample retreatment was performed on a starting mixture of dolomite plus quartz at 0.5 GPa and 600 °C in a CO2-H2O fluid with a mole fraction of CO2 of 0.2 for durations up to 582 h. The initial reaction of dolomite and quartz led to rapid formation of talc and calcite instead of tremolite and calcite by the intended reaction: 5 dolomite + 8 quartz + H2O = tremolite + 3 calcite + 7 CO2. With continued treatment, the talc + calcite + quartz assemblage gradually reacts to form increasing amounts of tremolite and diopside with the eventual loss of quartz and nearly complete loss of talc. The detailed structure of the amphibole and the nature of the Mg enrichment were revealed using AEM analysis of individual amphibole crystals. The most abundant defects are triple-chain chain multiplicity faults (CMFs), which appear as isolated lamellae with single periodicity in short-duration experiments and increasingly as groups of lamellae with variable multiplicity and periodicity in longer duration experiments and especially in a long-duration experiment without retreatment. In this latter experiment, a calcian clinojimthompsonite domain extending 15 unit cells along the b axis was observed. The sample after 582 h and five retreatments shows, on average, 3.5% true solid solution with Mg expressed as the Mg-cummingtonite (MC) component after correction for the presence of CMFs. This sample is thought to most closely approach the equilibrium composition for the amphibole. The sample after 250 h with three retreatments has about 10%, whereas that after 582 h without retreatment has 0.6% MC component, the latter having a relatively high density of CMFs. This study affirms the importance that precursor non-amphibole biopyriboles play in the formation of tremolitic amphibole.
Assessing Hand Sanitizer Usage in Japanese Elderly Day Care Centers: An Observational and Interventional Study

Purpose Hand hygiene is a vital preventive measure against the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Though older people are at high risk of infection of COVID-19, there is still a lack of verification of hand sanitization and effective interventions to promote its implementation for older people. This study aimed to validate what kind of intervention can effectively promote hand hygiene among elderly individuals in Japanese day care centers, based on the hypothesis that a particular nudge will significantly promote hand hygiene. Methods We designed two types of interventions that have aspects of the nudge concept based on WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care. The study was conducted with one-week observation and intervention periods excluding weekends, starting on February 11, 2023. Three groups were defined as follows: control (installation of hand sanitizer dispenser with a basic sign), reminder (additional visual cues using yellow curing tape), and institutional safety (sign appealing to protecting institutional safety by using hand sanitizer). Daily hand sanitizer usage was measured, and statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA for the number of uses before and after intervention. Results During the observation period, the average number of hand sanitizer pushes per person remained at 0.39 across all facilities. During the intervention period, control, reminder, and institutional safety groups showed increases of 1.13-fold, 1.31-fold, and 1.16-fold, respectively, revealing no significant difference. Conclusions Though these nudges were implemented according to WHO guidelines and the previous study, the older users of day care centers seemed not to react to these nudges significantly. The results underscore the need for tailored interventions to improve hand hygiene among the elderly in day care settings, contributing to the overall goal of preventing infectious diseases.
Physical Activity Characteristics and Barriers of University Students during the COVİD-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Background: Physical activity is an important factor for maintaining health and preventing many diseases. However, it is known that the physical activity level of individuals has decreased considerably due to the pandemic and mandatory restrictions. Purpose of the study: to investigate the physical activity characteristics and physical activity types of university students during the Covid-19 pandemic, the factors that facilitate and complicate their participation, and their sources of information about the subject. Material and Method: Students completed the sociodemographic information and data recording form online. The data enrollment form included questions about participation characteristics of students in physical activity before and during the COVİD-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 518 physiotherapy and rehabilitation undergraduate students (76.25% female and 23.75% male) were included in the study. During the pandemic period, 44.42% of the students had moderate physical activity. The daily sitting time of the students was 8.3±3.1 hours. During the pandemic period, walking was the most preferred activity except for weekends. Motivation and time from physical activity facilitors had changed during the pandemic period. Conclusion: As a result of our study, it was found that university students continued walking as a physical activity type, despite restrictions during the pandemic period. While time was not a significant factor that facilitates the participation in physical activity before the pandemic, it became the most important factor during the period of the pandemic. Motivation has lost its importance as a facilitator. We think that it would be a good idea to re-investigate physical activity levels, barriers and facilitators in order to see the effects of the pandemic in the future. KEYWORDS: Physical Activity, COVID-19, Students.
Correlation between potato yield and MODIS‐derived vegetation indices

Monitoring of crop growth and forecasting its yield well before harvest is very important for crop and food management. Remote sensing images are capable of identifying crop health, as well as predicting its yield. Vegetation indices (VIs), such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (fPAR) calculated from remotely sensed data have been widely used to monitor crop growth and to predict crop yield. This study used 8 day TERRA MODIS reflectance data of 500 m resolution for the years 2005 to 2006 to estimate the yield of potato in the Munshiganj area of Bangladesh. The satellite data has been validated using ground truth data from fields of 50 farmers. Regression models are developed between VIs and field level potato yield for six administrative units of Munshiganj District. The yield prediction equations have high coefficients of correlation (R 2) and are 0.84, 0.72 and 0.80 for the NDVI, LAI and fPAR, respectively. These equations were validated by using data from 2006 to 2007 seasons and found that an average error of estimation is about 15% for the study region. It can be concluded that VIs derived from remote sensing can be an effective tool for early estimation of potato yield.
Combination of Donor Lymphocyte Infusion and Blinatumomab for B-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Relapse after Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation

A woman in her forties with relapsed B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma was treated with blinatumomab, but the drug proved ineffective. Salvage therapy with clofarabine induced a complete remission, and she received an allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from an HLA-matched sibling donor. However, her disease relapsed only 4 months after the allo-SCT. Three courses of combination therapy with donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and blinatumomab were administered, and the tumor progression was well controlled for 6 months, leading to a second allo-SCT from an HLA-haploidentical donor. The remission was persistent for approximately 1 year, but the disease relapsed in her central nervous system, and she eventually died. Our case demonstrated the efficacy and safety of concomitant use of DLI and blinatumomab. This combination presumably enhanced a graft-versus-lymphoma effect of allogeneic T-cells without provoking graft-versus-host disease.
Locked Up: Local Newsrooms Managing a Digital Shift at the Centre of the Covid-19 Outbreak

ABSTRACT In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, newsrooms mediated information as quickly as possible for their information-starved audience. In Estonia, Covid-19 initially impacted two large islands, which led to their isolation from the mainland as a precaution. Therefore, local journalism became more crucial than ever, providing news with proximity to the audience members who needed guidance and information, and informing the rest of the nation about the consequences the virus was having on the people of the islands. Considering the pressure on the locals, the interest of the rest of Estonia, and the unfamiliar emergency situation, our study focuses on local newsrooms’ approaches to digital news at the centre of Estonia’s lockdown on the islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. We conducted eight semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that local journalists had a limited understanding of the importance of their online presence during (and before) the lockdown, and, therefore, lacked the willingness to carry out the digital shift. The shift was also hindered by the journalists’ lack of skills and knowledge of digital platforms and their specificity. Overall, we call local journalists on the islands “digital beginners”.
Effects of Functional and Nutraceutical Foods in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet in Patients Diagnosed with Breast Cancer

Several studies report that breast cancer survivors (BCS) tend to have a poor diet, as fruit, vegetable, and legume consumption is often reduced, resulting in a decreased intake of nutraceuticals. Moreover, weight gain has been commonly described among BCS during treatment, increasing recurrence rate and mortality. Improving lifestyle and nutrition after the diagnosis of BC may have important benefits on patients’ general health and on specific clinical outcomes. The Mediterranean diet (MD), known for its multiple beneficial effects on health, can be considered a nutritional pool comprising several nutraceuticals: bioactive compounds and foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Recent scientific advances have led to the identification of nutraceuticals that could amplify the benefits of the MD and favorably influence gene expression in these patients. Nutraceuticals could have beneficial effects in the postdiagnostic phase of BC, including helping to mitigate the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Moreover, the MD could be a valid and easy-to-follow option for managing excess weight. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the recent scientific literature on the possible beneficial effects of consuming functional and nutraceutical foods in the framework of MD in BCS.
Non-cellular immunotherapies in pediatric central nervous system tumors

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the second most common type of cancer and the most common cause of cancer death in pediatric patients. New therapies are desperately needed for some of the most malignant of all cancers. Immunotherapy has emerged in the past two decades as an additional avenue to augment/replace traditional therapies (such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy). This article first discusses the unique nature of the pediatric CNS immune system and how it interacts with the systemic immune system. It then goes on to review three important and widely studied types of immune therapies: checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and radiation therapy, and touches on early studies of antibody-mediated immunogenic therapies, Finally, the article discusses the importance of combination immunotherapy for pediatric CNS tumors, and addresses the neurologic toxicities associated with immunotherapies.
Exploring the water storage changes in the largest lake (Selin Co) over the Tibetan Plateau during 2003–2012 from a basin‐wide hydrological modeling

Lake water storage change (ΔSw) is an important indicator of the hydrologic cycle and greatly influences lake expansion/shrinkage over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Accurate estimation of ΔSw will contribute to improved understanding of lake variations in the TP. Based on a water balance, this study explored the variations of ΔSw for the Lake Selin Co (the largest closed lake on the TP) during 2003–2012 using the Water and Energy Budget‐based Distributed Hydrological Model (WEB‐DHM) together with two different evapotranspiration (ET) algorithms (the Penman‐Monteith method and a simple sublimation estimation approach for water area in unfrozen and frozen period). The contributions of basin discharge and climate causes to the ΔSw are also quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that WEB‐DHM could well reproduce daily discharge, the spatial pattern, and basin‐averaged values of MODIS land surface temperature (LST) during nighttime and daytime. Compared with the ET reference values estimated from the basin‐wide water balance, our ET estimates showed better performance than three global ET products in reproducing basin‐averaged ET. The modeled ET at point scale matches well with short‐term in situ daily measurements (RMSE = 0.82 mm/d). Lake inflows and precipitation over the water area had stronger relationships with ΔSw in the warm season and monthly scale, whereas evaporation from the water area had remarkable effects on ΔSw in the cold season. The total contribution of the three factors to ΔSw was about 90%, and accounting for 49.5%, 22.1%, and 18.3%, respectively.
Trends in recent reservoir sedimentation rates in Southwestern Ohio

ABSTRACT: Soil erosion rates on U.S. cropland are declining. This decline can be expected to have two effects on sediment yield: 1) an overall decrease in sediment yield; and 2) an increasing importance of channel erosion relative to upland sediment sources. Here we examine recent sedimentation rates in 12 reservoirs in two southwest Ohio counties to determine whether sedimentation rates are declining, and whether there is evidence for a shift to channel sediment sources. One of the two counties is primarily urban with high local relief, while the other is primarily agricultural with low relief. In each case a large range of reservoir sizes was studied ( 70 km2 drainage area or 24 mi2). Previous sediment surveys are available for some of the reservoirs studied. Measured sedimentation rates range from 1200 m3 km−2 yr−1 ( 2.5 mi−2 yr−2). Sedimentation rates are generally higher in the urban county than the agricultural one. Comparison of recent (since ∼1980) sedimentation rates with those from the mid-20th Century indicate that sedimentation rates are declining in the agricultural county, presumably as a result of improved soil conservation practices, while those in the urban county remain high. In the agricultural county sedimentation rates follow the normal pattern of decreasing sedimentation per unit drainage area with increasing drainage area, indicating that the channel systems in the area are likely functioning as sediment sinks. In contrast, in the urban county there is no decrease in sedimentation rate with increasing drainage area, indicating that the channels in that landscape are functioning as efficient conduits and/or net sediment sources. These trends highlight the need to update our reservoir sedimentation databases to determine whether the trends are local or widespread.
The Influence of Leadership Quality on Teachers' Performance through Soft Skills and Teaching Creativity

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of Leadership Quality on Teacher Performance through Soft Competence and Teacher Teaching Creativity at MAN 2 bulukumba. This type of research uses a quantitative approach. Sampling using total sampling, with a sample of 82 teachers. The data sources used in the study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from the distribution of questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained from journals, books, and previous studies. Primary data was obtained from the distribution of questionnaires consisting of 22 questions. The measuring scale used is the Likert Scale. Data analysis and processing in this study used multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis using the SPSS ver.26 for Windows program. The results concluded that leadership quality can improve teacher performance directly and indirectly through soft competence and teaching creativity. 1) Leadership quality has a positive and significant effect on teachers' soft competence; 2) Leadership quality has a positive and significant effect on teachers' teaching creativity; 3) Soft competence has a positive and significant effect on teachers' teaching creativity; 4) Leadership quality has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance; 5) Soft competence has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance; 6) Teaching creativity has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance; 7) Leadership quality has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance through soft competence; 8) Leadership quality has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance through teaching creativity.
Preparation and optimization of chemically modified corn straw/chitosan/PLA composite using RSM

In this study, an optimized composite was prepared based on chemically modified corn straw, chitosan, and poly(lactic acid) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The composite was produced by screw extruding and hot pressing. The Box Behnken Design (BBD) software was used to design the test to optimize the composite composition. The optimum ratio of 3 factors, e.g. chemically modified corn straw (0.10 to 0.40 g), chitosan (0.25 to 0.75 g), and poly(lactic acid) (2.00 to 3.00 g) on the response value (bending strength) of the composite was investigated. RSM-BBD provided the optimum combination of composites. The novel composite prepared under the optimized factors was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mechanical testing, water absorption tests, contact angle tests, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the mechanical strength, e.g., bending strength, impact strength, and tensile strength of chemically modified corn straw based composite were 21.6 MPa, 4.43 kJ/m2, and 20.0 MPa, respectively, which increased by 23.5%, 13.9%, and 18.7% compared to native corn straw based composite. Improved mechanical strength and hydrophobicity for chemically modified corn straw/chitosan/poly(lactic acid) demonstrated that chemically modified biomass fibers and bio-based degradable polymers have the potential to produce environmentally friendly composites.