Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of large induced superconducting gap on semiconductor Majorana nanowires

With the recent achievement of extremely high-quality epitaxial interfaces between InAs nanowires and superconducting Al shells with strong superconductor-semiconductor tunnel coupling, a new regime of proximity-induced superconductivity in semiconductors can be explored where the induced gap may be similar in value to the bulk Al gap (large gap) with negligible subgap conductance (hard gap). We propose several experimentally relevant consequences of this large-gap strong-coupling regime for tunneling experiments, and we comment on the prospects of this regime for topological superconductivity. In particular, we show that the advantages of having a strong spin-orbit coupling and a large spin g-factor in the semiconductor nanowire may both be compromised in this strongly coupled limit, and somewhat weaker interface tunneling may be necessary for achieving optimal proximity superconductivity in the semiconductor nanowire. We derive a minimal, generic theory for the strong-coupling hard-gap regime obtaining good qualitative agreement with the experiment and pointing out future directions for further progress toward Majorana nanowires in hybrid semiconductor-superconductor structures.
Non-Equilibrium Nano-Physics: A Many-Body Approach

Many-Body Representation of Physical Systems. - Occupation Number Formalism. - Many-Body Operator Green Functions. - Non-Equilibrium Formalism. - Diagram Technique. - Tunneling Current in a Single Level System. - Coupling to Vibrational Mode. - Nanomechanical Oscillator. - Current-Voltage Asymmetries in Two Level Systems. - Spin-Blockade. - Detection of Exchange Interaction Through Fano-Like Interference Effects. - Spin Systems in Non-Equilibrium.
EFFECTS OF SPIN ON HIGH-ENERGY RADIATION FROM ACCRETING BLACK HOLES

Observations of jets in X-ray binaries show a correlation between radio power and black hole spin. This correlation, if confirmed, points toward the idea that relativistic jets may be powered by the rotational energy of black holes. In order to examine this further, we perform general relativistic radiative transport calculations on magnetically arrested accretion flows, which are known to produce powerful jets via the Blandford–Znajek (BZ) mechanism. We find that the X-ray and γ-ray emission strongly depend on spin and inclination angle. Surprisingly, the high-energy power does not show the same dependence on spin as the BZ jet power, but instead can be understood as a redshift effect. In particular, photons observed perpendicular to the spin axis suffer little net redshift until originating from close to the horizon. Such observers see deeper into the hot, dense, highly magnetized inner disk region. This effect is largest for rapidly rotating black holes due to a combination of frame dragging and decreasing horizon radius. While the X-ray emission is dominated by the near horizon region, the near-infrared (NIR) radiation originates at larger radii. Therefore, the ratio of X-ray to NIR power is an observational signature of black hole spin.
CLOUDS TOWARD THE VIRGO CLUSTER PERIPHERY: GAS-RICH OPTICALLY INERT GALAXIES

Aperture synthesis observations of two H i cloud complexes located in the periphery of the Virgo galaxy cluster are presented. These low H i-mass clouds (MH i< 109 M☉) are seen projected on the M region of the western Virgo cluster, where the galaxy population is thought to lie behind the main A cluster surrounding M87. The kinematic measurements of both unresolved Arecibo and resolved Very Large Array (VLA)-C observations are in good agreement. The H i detections cannot be identified with any optical, IR, or UV emission from available archival imaging. They are inert at these wavelengths. The H i masses of the individual VLA detections range from 7.28 ⩽ log(MH i/M☉)⩽ 7.85. The total dynamical mass estimates are several times their H i content, ranging from 7.00 ⩽ log(Mdyn/M☉)⩽ 9.07, with the assumption that the clouds are self-gravitating and in dynamical equilibrium. We report the observed parameters derived from the VLA observations. One of these H i clouds appears to be the most isolated optically inert detection observed in the outer reaches of Virgo.
Chrysanthemum Height Control by Ancymidol, PP333, and EL-500 Dependent on Medium Composition1,2

Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. plants were grown in media with and without pine bark and treated with drenches of α-cyclopropyl-α-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol (ancymidol) at 0.25 mg/pot, (2RS,3RS)-l-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl) pentan-3-ol (PP333) at 0.25 mg/pot, or α-(l-methylethyl)-α-[4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]-5-pyrimidinemethanol (EL-500) at 0.0625 mg/pot, or two 5000 mg/liter foliar sprays of butanedioic acid mono-(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) (daminozide). Foliar sprays of daminozide controlled plant height equally in both media but drenches of ancymidol, PP333, and EL-500 were not effective when pine bark was included in the medium.
Social construction of technology (SCoT) from generation X’s shopping experiences to omnichannel as new way of shopping

Omnichannel is considered a new way of shopping that integrates online and offline methods to offer seamless shopping experiences. Omnichannel requires consumers adaptation to use the internet, mobile devices, and social media as tools for seamless shopping experiences. Based on 2021 YouGov’s report on omnichannel retail, 83% of Indonesians already used dual channels to shop, including generation X. How does generation X accept omnichannel and its technology as a new way of shopping? Using Social Construction of Technology (SCoT) theory, generation X is positioned as a relevant social group, and their interpretative flexibility on how they give meaning to omnichannel as a new way of shopping will be analyzed; followed by understanding their closure or common agreement towards webrooming, showrooming, buying online pick-up in store, and buying online return in-store as the attributes of omnichannel; then finally analyzing their stabilization in accepting omnichannel as a new way of shopping. Using the interpretative phenomenological analysis, this research was conducted by interviewing generation X to understand their acceptance of omnichannel. The results of this research show that generation X has no hesitation to omnichannel, but they saw it as additional services rather than integration of seamless shopping experiences.
Effect of Glass Wastes on Basic Characteristics of Controlled Low-Strength Materials

Some characteristics of plasticity and hardness were observed, such as fine glass decreased flowability. In contrast, coarser glass decreased dramatically, exceeding the minimum limit of 20%, which necessitated the use of superplasticizer in a proportion that corresponds to the increase in the replacement. Unit weight slightly increased with fine glass substitution, but in the Coarser substitution, a steady decrease occurred. The compressive strength of 28 days in fine glass replacement is less than the reference mixture, but it exceeded it at 90 days. A mixture incorporating coarse waste glass was higher at 28 days and developed at 90 days. of paper mill solid wastes into CLSM, wherein fly ash was used instead of cement, bottom ash was supplied as a substitute for fine aggregate, and paper sludge was utilized as a fibrous additive. The results show both fly ash
Orbital evolution of colliding star and pulsar winds in 2D and 3D; effects of: dimensionality, EoS, resolution, and grid size

(abridged)The structure formed by the shocked winds of a massive star and a non-accreting pulsar in a binary suffers periodic and random variations of orbital and non-linear dynamical origin. For the 1st time, we simulate in 3 D the interaction of isotropic stellar and relativistic pulsar winds along 1 full orbit, on scales well beyond the binary size. We also investigate the impact of grid resolution and size, and of different EoOs: a gamma-constant ideal gas, and an ideal gas with gamma dependent on temperature. We carry out, with the code PLUTO, relativistic HD simulations in 2 and 3 D of the interaction of a slow wind and a relativistic wind with Gamma=2 along 1 full orbit up to ~100 x the binary size. The different 2-D simulations are carried out with equal and larger grid resolution and size, and 1 of them is done with a more realistic equation of state, than in 3 D. The simulations in 3 D confirm previous results in 2 D. The shocked flows are subject to a faster instabilities growth in 3 D, which enhances the presence of shocks, mixing, and large-scale disruption. In 2 D, higher resolution simulations confirm lower resolution results, simulations with larger grid sizes strengthen the case for the loss of global coherence of the shocked-wind structure, and simulations with 2 different EoOs yield very similar results. In addition to the KHI, we find that the Richtmyer-Meshkov and the RTI are likely acting together in the shocked flow evolution. Simulations in 3 D confirm that the interaction of stellar and pulsar winds yields structures that evolve non-linearly and get strongly entangled. The evolution is accompanied by strong kinetic energy dissipation, rapid changes in flow orientation and speed, and turbulent motion. The results strengthen the case for the loss of global coherence of the shocked structure on large scales, although higher pulsar wind speed simulations are needed.
Test of the cosmic evolution using Gaussian processes

Much focus was on the possible slowing down of cosmic acceleration under the dark energy parametrization. In the present paper, we investigate this subject using the Gaussian processes (GP), without resorting to a particular template of dark energy. The reconstruction is carried out by abundant data including luminosity distance from Union2, Union2.1 compilation and gamma-ray burst, and dynamical Hubble parameter. It suggests that slowing down of cosmic acceleration cannot be presented within 95% C.L. , in considering the influence of spatial curvature and Hubble constant. In order to reveal the reason of tension between our reconstruction and previous parametrization constraint for Union2 data, we compare them and find that slowing down of acceleration in some parametrization is only a ``mirage". Although these parameterizations fits well with the observational data, their tension can be revealed by high order derivative of distance D. Instead, GP method is able to faithfully model the cosmic expansion history.
Matching NLO QCD computations with Parton Shower simulations: the POWHEG method

The aim of this work is to describe in detail the POWHEG method, first suggested by one of the authors, for interfacing parton-shower generators with NLO QCD computations. We describe the method in its full generality, and then specify its features in two subtraction frameworks for NLO calculations: the Catani-Seymour and the Frixione-Kunszt-Signer approach. Two examples are discussed in detail in both approaches: the production of hadrons in e+e− collisions, and the Drell-Yan vector-boson production in hadronic collisions.
Characterization of the urogenital microbiome in patients with urinary tract infections

Standard microbiological culture techniques can only identify a fraction of the urogenital microbiome. Meanwhile, identifying and characterizing infectious microorganisms are very important for the success of diagnosis and treatments, especially for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) patients. This study aimed to characterize the urogenital microbiome of UTI patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We sequenced two pooled DNA samples from voided urine of UTI patients (21 females and 13 males). To determine the structure and composition of taxa in the samples, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed using the Illumina Mi‐Seq paired‐end platform. The most abundant genera were Burkholderia‐Caballeronia‐Paraburkholderia (71%) followed by Prevotella (33%), Escherichia‐Shigella (24%), Klebsiella (23%) and Sneathia (10%). The female microbiome was dominated by Prevotella bivia (28%), Escherichia coli (24%), Sneathia sanguinegens (7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4%). On the other hand, the male microbiome was dominated by K. pneumoniae (23%) and E. coli (2%). K. pneumoniae and E. coli were the most abundant species found in both microbiomes. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing used in this study successfully uncovered the composition of the urogenital microbiome, which might not have been possible with conventional culture methods.
On a New Parameter to Estimate the Helium Content in Old Stellar Systems

We introduce a new parameter Δξ—the difference in magnitude between the red giant branch (RGB) bump and the point on the main sequence (MS) at the same color as the bump (which we call the “benchmark”)—to estimate the helium content in old stellar systems. The Δξ parameter is a helium indicator, since an increase in helium makes, at fixed age and iron abundance, the RGB bump brighter and the MS benchmark fainter. Moreover, its sensitivity to helium is linear over the entire metallicity range. Δξ is also minimally affected by changes of a few gigayears in cluster age, by uncertainties in the photometric zero point, by the amount of reddening, or by the effects of evolution on the horizontal branch. The two main drawbacks of the Δξ parameter include the need for precise and large photometric data sets and a strong dependence of the ΔY/Δξ slope on metallicity. We selected almost two dozen relatively bright Galactic globular clusters (GGCs) with low foreground reddening and a broad range of iron abundance (-2.45 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ -0.70 dex), together with precise and homogeneous multiband (BVI) photometry. The observed Δξ parameters and those predicted from α-enhanced evolutionary models agree reasonably well if we assume a primordial helium content of Y = 0.20 (abundance by mass). The discrepancy becomes ∼4σ (ΔB = 0.20 mag) only in the metal-poor regime. Comparison with prescriptions based on a canonical primordial helium content (Y = 0.245 indicates that the observed Δξ values are smaller than predicted. These findings support previous results suggesting that current evolutionary models overestimate the luminosity of the RGB bump. The inclusion of envelope overshooting can eliminate the discrepancy. The Δξ parameter of GGCs provides an independent detection of prestellar helium, at least at the 5σ level.
A 5 × 109 M⊙ BLACK HOLE IN NGC 1277 FROM ADAPTIVE OPTICS SPECTROSCOPY

The nearby lenticular galaxy NGC 1277 is thought to host one of the largest black holes known, however the black hole mass measurement is based on low spatial resolution spectroscopy. In this paper, we present Gemini Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrometer observations assisted by adaptive optics. We map out the galaxy's stellar kinematics within ∼440 pc of the nucleus with an angular resolution that allows us to probe well within the region where the potential from the black hole dominates. We find that the stellar velocity dispersion rises dramatically, reaching ∼550 km s−1 at the center. Through orbit-based, stellar-dynamical models we obtain a black hole mass of (4.9 ± 1.6) × 109 M⊙ (1σ uncertainties). Although the black hole mass measurement is smaller by a factor of ∼3 compared to previous claims based on large-scale kinematics, NGC 1277 does indeed contain one of the most massive black holes detected to date, and the black hole mass is an order of magnitude larger than expectations from the empirical relation between black hole mass and galaxy luminosity. Given the galaxy's similarities to the higher redshift (z ∼ 2) massive quiescent galaxies, NGC 1277 could be a relic, passively evolving since that period. A population of local analogs to the higher redshift quiescent galaxies that also contain over-massive black holes may suggest that black hole growth precedes that of the host galaxy.
Growth performance of selected bamboo species suitable for humid tropics of Kerala, India

A field study was carried out in two-year-old bambusetum established at main campus, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala to evaluate the growth performance of selected six bamboo species of potential relevance to the humid tracts of Kerala, India. The selected bamboos included are Dendrocalamus longispathus Kurz; D. brandisii (Munro) Kurz, D. asper (Schult.f.) Back.ex Heyne; Bambusa balcooa Roxb; B. vulgaris Schrad and B. tulda Roxb. Growth parameters such as clump height, clump circumference (at 1.37 m), culm girth (at 1.37 m), internodal length and number of culms were observed in the field at periodic intervals of four months. The field result showed considerable variation in growth and productivity among the six bamboo species under study. Overall growth performance was better for B. vulgaris, D. brandisii and D. longispathus. For instance, B. vulgaris and D. brandisii were the toppers in terms of clump height, clump circumference and culm girth while B. tulda showed relatively poor growth for these parameters. Among the species, the highest internodal length was observed for D. brandisii and D. longispathus while B. tulda recorded the shortest internodal length. Number of culms per clump was highest for D. asper while it was the lowest for B. balcooa. Faster growth rendered by all the species except for B. tulda suggest their vast potential for integration in the farm lands of Kerala for enhancing the economic and ecological benefits to the farmers.
Envy, Leisure, and Restrictions on Working Hours

Edge mounting flexible media to a rigid PC board construction can be achieved by various methods. In any method used, there is a desire to create solderable pads on the edge of the rigid PC board. In accordance with the invention, the solderable pads are created by edge plating the PC Board or by a sliced via method. Depending on the type of flexible transmission line used, the construction will differ accordingly. For terminating flexible circuit media, the flex pads are laid out in such a way that the pads are etched in a configuration that matches up with the edge pads on the rigid PC Board. Solder past is then applied to the pads on the flex. The rigid PC Board is fixtured at a right angle to the flex and run through the reflow oven.
Multi-model decision-making seizure types classification based on transfer learning

For brain doctors, knowing the type of seizures in patients with epilepsy is conducive to accurate treatment of patients. Although many researchers have done enough research on the prediction and detection of epileptic seizures, there is a lack of research on the classification of seizure types. Therefore, in order to classify the 8 types of epileptic seizures, this article proposes two ideas based on the fusion of multi-models of transfer learning. Extract the MAS features from the 22 montage combined channels, use reliefF for feature selection, and finally convert it to images. Use the following two transfer learning strategies:(1) Transfer learning multi-model feature fusion, (2) Transfer learning multi-model classification probability fusion. On the TUSZ data set of temple university school of medicine, use six pre-trained models of Alexnet, Googlenet, Inception-v3, Resnet18, Vgg16, and Vgg19. The results show that the proposed algorithm are better than the compared algorithms. The probability fusion strategy is adopted to obtain the best classification performance, classification accuracy and F1 score reaching 98.48% and 97.61 %, respectively.
Low entropy in graphene through the Co-C system

Uniform, mostly single-layer graphene with enhanced stability is demonstrated over Co film. The polycrystalline Co film deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate gives a continuous graphene layer that is easily transferred without the aid of any polymeric support, but preserving the material quality, as evidenced by Raman analysis. Great stability to the damaging action of the laser beam, as compared to the Cu-grown material is also observed. The better structural and electrical properties of the material are interpreted in terms of thermodynamics of the cooling-down process. It is suggested that the reduction in entropy, due annihilation of vacancies caused by C atoms precipitating during cooling, directly depends on the activation energy of C solubility into Co, which is considerably high, due to Co magnetic ordering at the process temperature. Our work expands the possibility of synthesizing single-layer graphene keeping into account the thermodynamics of various C-metal systems.
Genie Chain and Degrees of Freedom of Symmetric MIMO Interference Broadcast Channels

In this paper, we study the information theoretic degrees of freedom (DoF) for symmetric multi-input-multi-output interference broadcast channel (MIMO-IBC) with arbitrary configuration. We find the maximal DoF achieved by linear interference alignment (IA), and prove when linear IA can achieve the information theoretic maximal DoF. Specifically, we find that the information theoretic DoF can be divided into two regions according to the ratio of the number of antennas at each base station (BS) to that at each user. In Region I, the sum DoF of the system linearly increases with the number of cells, which can be achieved by asymptotic IA but not by linear IA, where infinite time/frequency extension is necessary. In Region II, the DoF is a piecewise linear function, depending on the number of antennas at each BS or that at each user alternately, which can be achieved by linear IA without the need of infinite time/frequency extension, and the sum DoF cannot exceed the sum number of antennas at each BS and each user. We propose and prove the information theoretic DoF upper-bound for general MIMO-IBC including the system settings in Regions I and II, by constructing a useful and smart genie chain. We prove the achievability of the upper-bound in Region II by proposing a unified way to design closed-form linear IA. From the proof we reveal when proper systems are feasible or infeasible and explain why. The approach of the proof can be extended to more general asymmetric MIMO-IBC.
EVIDENCE FOR NEW RELATIONS BETWEEN GAMMA-RAY BURST PROMPT AND X-RAY AFTERGLOW EMISSION FROM 9 YEARS OF SWIFT

When a massive star explodes as a gamma-ray burst (GRB), information about the explosion is retained in the properties of the prompt and afterglow emission. We report on new relations between the prompt and X-ray afterglow emission of Swift-detected GRBs found from Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and X-Ray Telescope data covering 2004 December to 2013 August (754 in total). These relations suggest that the prompt and afterglow emission are closely linked. In particular, we find very strong correlations between the BAT 15–150 keV T90 and the break times before and after the plateau phase in the 0.3–10 keV X-ray afterglow light curves. We also find a strong anticorrelation between the photon index of the GRB prompt emission and the X-ray spectral slope of the afterglow. Moreover, anticorrelations exist between the rest-frame peak energy in the prompt emission Epeak, z and the X-ray afterglow decay slope during the plateau phase and the break times after the plateau phase. The rest- frame break times before and after the plateau phase are also anticorrelated with the rest-frame 15–150 keV luminosity and the isotropic energy during the prompt emission. A principal component analysis suggests that the GRB properties are primarily driven by the luminosity/energy release in the 15–150 keV band. Luminosity functions derived at different redshifts from a log N–log S analysis indicate that the density of bright bursts is significantly lower in the local universe than in the universe at z ≈ 3, where the density of bright GRBs peaks. Using cluster analysis, we find that the duration of BAT-detected short GRBs is less than 1 s. We also present a catalog of all Swift onboard-detected bursts.