Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syndromic Management of Female Sexually Transmitted Infections at Primary Care Level .A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Tunisia (Monastir 2007-2017)

Background: In the world as in North Africa, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a public health problem especially for reproductive-age women. Since the quantification of the prevalence of STIs is important for the planning of interventions and the promotion of resources, it is necessary to have current data to evaluate the situation in the Maghreb and to give the answer as to the possibility of reaching the desired WHO goal of ending STIs epidemics as a public health concerns by 2030.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and trend of STIs during 11 years in Tunisia (2007-17). Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study including all women with STIs diagnosed with the syndromic approach in all basic health care centers of the Governorate of Monastir (Tunisia) from 2007 to 2017. Syndromes included, Pelvic Pain (PP), Vaginal Discharge (VD) and Genital Ulceration (GU). Results: We analyzed 40388 cases of genital infection with a crude prevalence rate and age standardized prevalence rate of 13.93/ 1000 inh and 72.38/ 1000 respectively. The prevalence rate was relatively high and showed a positive trend over 11 years for all age groups and syndromes. VD was the most common syndrome with a CPR of 11.7/1000. For all syndromes, women of childbearing age (20 to 39 years) were the most affected age group (p <0.05). Conclusion:Our results were consistent with the global evidence, suggesting a focus on primary prevention reinforcement and STIs surveillance system improving in North Africa countries to achieve the World health organization goal of ending STIs epidemics by 2030.
Chronic Mental Health Impacts of Climate Change Extremes: A Case Study of the Largest Californian Wild Fire

Background. Weather-related disasters such as droughts and fires as accelerated by climate change have led to substantial growth in interest in impacted health outcomes. While physical health outcomes have been studied in this context, our understanding of climate change impacted mental health is at its infancy. This study focuses on the mental health impacts of the largest Californian wildfire to-date, the Camp Fire of 2018.Methods. We investigated a sample of 780 Californian residents with different degrees of disaster exposure, and measured mental health using clinically valid scales for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD); data were collected six months post-exposure to understand sustained chronic impacts. Data were modeled using multiple-regression analyses. Additionally, we included vulnerability and resilience factors in hierarchical regression analyses.Results. Our primary finding is that direct exposure to large scale fires significantly increased the risk for all three mental health disorders, PTSD, MDD and GAD. Indirect exposure, for those who witnessed but did not personally experience the fires, increased the risk for MDD and GAD. Inclusion of vulnerability and resilience factors led to significantly improved prediction of all mental health outcomes. Low socio-economic status, childhood trauma and sleep disturbances were identified as vulnerability factors, while self-reported resilience had a positive effect on mental health. Mindfulness was associated with lower MDD and GAD symptom scores.Conclusion. Overall, our study demonstrates that climate-related extremes such as fires severely impact long-term mental wellbeing. Additionally, pre-existing adverse life events, resilient personality traits and lifestyle factors play an important role in the development of psychopathology after such disasters. Unchecked climate changes of magnitude projected for the latter half of this century risk severely impacting the mental wellbeing of the global population.
Awareness and Constraints of Aquaculture Biosecurity Among Fish Farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria

The study investigated the level of awareness and constraints the farmers were facing in adopting effective biosecurity measures in Ekiti State. Primary data were collected using multi-stage sampling technique to randomly select 150 fish growers, out of which 144 questionnaires were recovered. Analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, four-point Likert scale and multiple regression. The result showed that 76.4% of the fish farmers with mean age of 40.48±10.28years were married, 61.1% owned the land on which they farm their fish, 73.6% operated as small scale fish farmers with farm size of <1 hectare. About 91.0% knew about fish diseases, the main source of pollution on the farm was flooding while some (61.1%) experienced outbreak of fish diseases at juvenile stage. High cost of facilities, lack of financial assistance, poor knowledge on biosecurity, expensive laboratory charges and inadequate monitoring by extension agents was perceived as the major constraints. The farmers need financial help to get adequate facilities and to enlarge their scale of operation. Adequate extension services to enlighten them on the effective biosecurity measures should be adopted.
Tribology of surface-grafted polymer brushes

Surface-grafted polymer brushes are a very attractive class of boundary lubricants. This article presents an overview of the tribological properties of surface-attached synthetic polymers. After a brief review of some mechanistic considerations and a discussion of tribological characterization tools, the lubrication properties of the three main classes of surface-attached polymer brushes, viz. (i) hydrophilic, (ii) hydrophobic and (iii) fluorinated brushes, will be presented. The article concludes with a brief discussion of possible applications of polymer brush-based lubricants.
Study of the morphological structure of enamel and correlation of its chemical composition with dentin in intact teeth and with a cervical pathology

Introduction: The increase in the intensity of caries and non-carious lesions of the teeth leads to significant disorders in the dentoalveolar apparatus manifested themselves not only as aesthetic but also as functional disorders in the absence of timely adequate treatment. Objectives: The increase in the prevalence and intensity of cervical lesions of hard dental tissues is the cause of aesthetic and functional disorders in the dentoalveolar apparatus. To study the morphological structure of enamel, its features depending on the presence and type of cervical pathology; to determine correlations of the chemical composition of enamel and dentin in intact teeth and with cervical pathology. Material and methods: There were examined 29 clinically extracted teeth of both jaws and their longitudinal sections using a JSM-6490 LV focused beam electron microscope with system of energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The chemical composition of 290 enamel areas and 235 dentine areas in the incisal region (tubercle), equator, cervical area. Results: The correlation between enamel and dentin has been determined: inverse – based on the content of P and C, Ca and O (in all anatomical areas), Mg and Ca, Mg and P (in the incisal region (tubercle), equator); direct – based on the content of Mg and Ca, Mg and P (cervical area). The exception was the correlation between Mg and Ca in the incisal region (tubercle) in the group of the teeth with cervical pathology (r = 0.363), Ca and O in the cervical area in the group of the teeth with cervical caries and clinically intact hard tissues (r = 0.620). Conclusions: The revealed features in the morphological structure and chemical composition of enamel, the presence of the correlations with dentin will allow to understand the mechanism of the development of cervical pathology deeper and substantiate the principles of its treatment and prevention.
Comparison of Different Methods of Extraction for Pomegranate Seeds

Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) has attracted considerable attention because of its potentially beneficial biological effects. This oil consists of a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly conjugated type, punicic acid. Punicic acid has antioxidant and anticancer activity. The aim of this research was to compare the properties of PSO obtained by cold extraction, Soxhlet extraction and Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE). The oxidative stability of oils from pomegranate was determined by using the calorimetric method. The determination of fatty acid composition was carried out by gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters. The positional distribution of fatty acids in the sn-2 and sn-1,3 positions of triacylglycerols (TAG) was based on the ability of the pancreatic lipase to selectively hydrolyze ester bonds in the sn-1,3 positions. Sterols composition was determined with GC-MS. The greatest amount of oil can be obtained using the Soxhlet method (12–15%) and the least by using the ASE method (10–11%), but the ASE oil is more diverse in terms of sterol content. All the extracted oils were rich in punicic acid (about 80%). In the external positions of TAG there is mainly punicic acid, while in the internal positions there are oleic and linoleic acids.
Quantum Transport Beyond the Ballistic Limit

In this thesis an existing full-band and atomistic quantum transport simulator based on the nonequilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism is extended to model fully coupled electron-phonon transport. Within this new approach the electrothermal properties of nanoscale devices are computed and investigated. To model the electron properties the semi-empirical spds tightbinding (TB) method is utilized, while lattice oscillations (phonons) are described based on the valence-force-field (VFF) formalism. Both methods reproduce the full bulk dispersion relations of a wide range of materials, they provide an atomistic resolution of the simulation domain and they can be extended to nanostructures in a relatively straightforward manner. Full-band and atomistic quantum transport models are necessary to correctly capture all the quantum mechanical effects and to properly resolve the atomic granularity of novel nanoelectronic devices. Such approaches are very accurate, but computationally very demanding, especially in the presence of electron-phonon scattering. It is therefore necessary to introduce physical and numerical approximations to make dissipative quantum transport simulations computational feasible. These approximations are validated by calculating the phonon-limited low-field mobility of various semiconductors and comparing them with the exact solution of the linearized Boltzmann transport equation. As a next step fully coupled electron-phonon transport simulations are performed in the NEGF formalism. The required scattering selfenergies are derived and discussed. They drive both the electron and the phonon populations out of equilibrium; energy is exchanged
Risk of HCV on the Hemostasis of created AVF in ESRD patients

Background: The patency of arteriovenous fistulas′′(AVF)′′ has a close relationship with ′′long-term life′′ in patients who suffer from end-stage renal disease ′′(ESRD)′′ after dialysis. This patency is affected by associated diseases such as hepatitis C virus and its complications by increasing the risk of cardiovascular complication and mortality rate, given that the anti-HCV seropositivity occurrence in chronic kidney disease ′′(CKD)′′patientswho regularly dialysis varieties between′′ 7 to 40%′′ including Iraqi patients.
The Reality of Distance Social Work Education in the Arab World during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic واقع تعلیم الخدمة الاجتماعیة عن بعد فی العالم العربی فی ظل جائحة کورونا (کوفید -19)

This study sought to describe and analyze the reality of Distance Social Work Education in the Arab World during COVID-19 Pandemic through identifying social work faculty members' attitudes towards this system, their perceptions on the degree of its achievement of Social Work Education objectives, the most important obstacles it faces in addition to investigating the relationship between each variable and some demographic characteristics of the study sample. So, this study is a descriptive, analytical one and it used the social survey approach. The sample consisted of 248 of social work faculty members in Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Jordan. It used an electronic questionnaire form as a primary tool for collection data from the sample individuals. The study results indicated faculty members has negative attitudes towards Distance Social Work Education and this educational system cannot achieve almost all Social Work Education objectives both wholly and partially. Also the results determined the obstacles faced by it and limit its competence to reach the hoped outcomes by Social Work Education in general. Also the statistical analysis indicated there are statistically significant differences between each variable and variables of age and experience (yrs) among study sample. According to these results the study concluded the current Distance Social Work System is not consistent with the interactive human nature of Social Work Profession which in turn makes the educational process at risk in case COVID -19 Pandemic continues and we are forced to adopt it the years ahead.
Improving the Students’ Ability In Writing Recount Text Through Collaborative Task Writing on Facebook

This study focused on improving the students’ ability in writing recount text through collaborative task writing on Facebook. It was aimed at finding out how the teacher improves the students’ ability in writing recount text through collaborative writing on Facebook and figuring out the teacher and the students’ perceptions on the use of collaborative writing on Facebook in teaching and learning writing of recount text. This case study was conducted to the English teacher and 20 students at the tenth grade of a Senior High School in Kawali. Three instruments covering the observation, the interview, and the questionnaire were chosen to gain the data. The conversational analysis and the statistical techniques were used to analyze the data which were adapted from Dawson (2007, p. 123). The findings showed that the teacher improved the students’ ability in writing recount text through collaborative task writing on Facebook. The process of using collaborative writing on Facebook in teaching writing of recount text was implemented in ten steps. Those steps were quite similar with the steps proposed by Ahmed (2017, p. 149). The findings also showed that the use of collaborative writing technique on Facebook was beneficial for the teacher in teaching writing of recount text. The findings also showed that the students perceive positively on the use of collaborative task writing on Facebook in teaching and learning writing of recount text. It was concluded that the use of collaborative task writing on Facebook brings some benefits for the teacher and the students in teaching and learning writing of recount text. Therefore, the English teachers were suggested to encourage the students to implement collaborative writing on Facebook in teaching writing of recount text. Meanwhile, the students were also suggested to solve problems in learning writing of recount text by implementing collaboration writing technique on Facebook. In addition, the other researchers can use the result of this research in carrying out further studies.
General two-dimensional linear flows of particle suspensions

This thesis investigates the flow of suspensions of solid spheres in a viscous fluid. We look at a monolayer of particles in an unbounded fluid, and carry out numerical simulations of its behaviour under a variety of linear flows. In chapter 1 we review the field and discuss the different approaches to simulating a suspension of solid spheres in a viscous fluid. We outline the case for the method of Stokesian Dynamics, and explain its derivation. In chapter 2 we introduce the concept of a spatially periodic lattice which self-replicates in time under flow. We then go on to derive a suitable periodic box for each possible two dimensional linear flow, from pure strain to pure rotation, through simple shear and flows of intermediate type. Using the numerical method of Stokesian Dynamics, in chapter 3 we proceed to investigate the macroscopic properties of our two-dimensional suspension in the various flows. The viscosity and normal stress difference are probed at both short and long times. We find evidence of crystallisation, and our major discovery is that crystallisation sets in earlier (in terms of increasing concentration) for flows that are closer to shear flow than those with a larger component of rotation or of strain. We also present results on the duration of transients in start up flow. In chapter 4 we consider the effects of surface roughness on viscosity. Two different models for roughness are considered, the usual hard contact and a new soft contact model first proposed by Wilson in [65]. A comparison of the results of the two models is undertaken and we discuss about the effects of lower viscosity occurring at low concentrations due to surface roughness. In Appendix A we consider the method of Ewald summation which can be used to properly account for far-field interactions in a lattice-periodic system, and derive the relevant forms for a system which is periodic in only two dimensions. Unfortunately we discover a problem with the Hankel transform but the real space relations are still valid. This will have application both to monolayer systems such as the one we have studied, and to confined suspensions in a variety of applications where the relevant geometry has a large aspect ratio.
Articles : Quantitative Determination of Diterpenoids from the Roots of Aralia cordata

A simple and reliable reversed phase HPLC method was developed to determine pharmacologically active compounds ent-continentalic acid, kaurenoic acid, and continentalic acid from the roots of Aralia cordata. Quantitative analysis of diterpenoids of A. cordata were performed by reverse phase C-18 column using a isocratic of acetonitrile: 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (70:30) with UV detection at 205 nm. The correlation coefficients of each calibration curve of ent-continentalic acid, kaurenoic acid, and continentalic acid were 0.9987, 0.9983, and 0.9986, respectively. The detection limit of ent-continentalic acid, kaurenoic acid, and continentalic acid were 0.5~1.0 ㎍/mL, respectively. The contents of ent-continentalic acid (1), kaurenoic acid (2), and continentalic acid (3) of the roots of A. cordata collected from seventeen district markets in Korea were 0.09~0.75 mg/g, 1.09~5.43 mg/g, and 2.69~9.08 mg/g, respectively.
Investigations on Quench Recovery Characteristics of High-Temperature Superconducting Coated Conductors for Superconducting Fault Current Limiters

Superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) are attracting increasing attention due to their potential for use in modern smart grids or micro grids. Thanks to the unique non-linear properties of high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) tapes, an SFCL is invisible to the grid with faster response compared to traditional fault current limiters. The quench recovery characteristic of an HTS tape is fundamental for the design of an SFCL. In this work, the quench recovery time of an HTS tape was measured for fault currents of different magnitudes and durations. A global heat transfer model was developed to describe the quench recovery characteristic and compared with experiments to validate its effectiveness. Based on the model, the influence of tape properties on the quench recovery time was discussed, and a safe margin for the impact energy was proposed.
Nonlinear mixed-effects models for HIV viral load trajectories before and after antiretroviral therapy interruption, incorporating left censoring

Abstract Objectives Characterizing features of the viral rebound trajectories and identifying host, virological, and immunological factors that are predictive of the viral rebound trajectories are central to HIV cure research. We investigate if key features of HIV viral decay and CD4 trajectories during antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with characteristics of HIV viral rebound following ART interruption. Methods Nonlinear mixed effect (NLME) models are used to model viral load trajectories before and following ART interruption, incorporating left censoring due to lower detection limits of viral load assays. A stochastic approximation EM (SAEM) algorithm is used for parameter estimation and inference. To circumvent the computational intensity associated with maximizing the joint likelihood, we propose an easy-to-implement three-step method. Results We evaluate the performance of the proposed method through simulation studies and apply it to data from the Zurich Primary HIV Infection Study. We find that some key features of viral load during ART (e.g., viral decay rate) are significantly associated with important characteristics of viral rebound following ART interruption (e.g., viral set point). Conclusions The proposed three-step method works well. We have shown that key features of viral decay during ART may be associated with important features of viral rebound following ART interruption.