Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermomechanical and Morphological Characteristics of Cross‐Linked GAP and GAP–HTPB Networks with Different Diisocyanates

This paper describes the mechanical and thermal characterisation of cross-linked glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and GAP–hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) networks. Cross-linked GAP and GAP–HTPB networks were prepared by reacting GAP diol and GAP–HTPB diol mixture with different diisocyanates. The physical and mechanical characteristics were found to be influenced by the type of isocyanate curing agents, [NCO]/[OH] equivalent ratios and concentration of GAP. For all the three types of curing agents, GAP–HTPB blends of 50 : 50 to 30 : 70 ratios show higher mechanical strength over the virgin networks of GAP or HTPB. Thermal decomposition of cross-linked GAP–HTPB networks was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic parameters for the decomposition of GAP–HTPB blends were found to be dependant on the concentration of GAP and HTPB in the blend. The cross-linked GAP–HTPB blends were subjected to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The glass transition characteristics of the blends were evaluated by DMA and it was found that blends prepared with GAP content up to 30% showed single transition in the loss tangent trace indicating no phase separation in the cured network.
Low Temperature Solution-Processed InZnO Thin-Film Transistors

We prepared indium zinc oxide (IZO) semiconductors for low temperature solution-processed thin-film transistors (TFTs). The sol-gel derived IZO films, annealed at 300°C, are uniform and have smooth surface morphology (root-mean-square roughness of 0.27 nm). Both the composition and the film thickness need to be optimized for high performance TFTs. With the composition of In/Zn equal to 50/50 in mol percent, the IZO TFTs with a thickness of 10 nm exhibited the best performance for a clear switching behavior (on/off current ratio of 1.2 × 10 7 and output characteristics (drain current of 3.7 × 10 -4 A), with a relatively high field-effect mobility (0.54 cm 2 V -1 s -1 ) and a low threshold voltage (1.9 V). The nonpassivated IZO-TFT stably operates over a two-month period without any significant change in the on/off current ratio and the mobility.
An Empirical Analysis of Individual’s Happiness in Pakistan

This study aims at analyzing the determinants of individual‟s happiness in Pakistan. However, this kind of research is hardly undertaken in Pakistan. The present study is first of its kind in Pakistan to analyze the determinants of individual happiness by using the data from World Values Survey (WVS) for three different waves, which are 1994-1998, 1999-2004, and 2010-2014. Total sample consists of 3,933 individuals with 733 individuals in the 1994-98 wave, 2000 individuals in the 1999-2004 wave and 1200 individuals in the recent wave of 2010-2014. Happiness is measured by a question regarding feeling of happiness of individuals on a four-point scale with the options, very happy, quite happy, not very happy, and not at all happy. This happiness measure is regressed on socio-economic and demographic variables, namely, age, health status, gender, marital status, education, income, children, employment status, importance of religion, family saving during past year, trust and satisfaction with financial situation of household. Ordered Probit regression technique is used for estimation. Interestingly, the percentage of „very happy‟ individuals has increased over time in Pakistan as in the 1994-98 wave the frequency of very happy individuals is 28% which increased to 45% in the recent wave. However, happiness is lower for males, married persons and for aged people and for persons, having children. Results suggest the need for policy makers to adopt social programs to increase income of the people and to improve health status of individuals.
A Hybrid Product Cost Estimation Approach Based on Outlier Removal and Machine Learning

This work proposes a hybrid cost estimation approach for purchased products, which is designed to deal with the limited information and the uncertainty in the cost for products which are manufactured by suppliers. For this application scenario, a realistic cost estimation with common techniques is particularly difficult. The presented approach combats these difficulties by combining multiple different techniques to overcome their specific weaknesses. This is achieved by using historical cost data, filtering undesirable data points and training a machine learning model for the final cost estimation. At the heart of this approach are the newly developed outlier removal methods based on a simplified analytical estimation technique and a data envelopment analysis. These methods filter the historical data to remove parts whose costs are dominated by non-product related cost drivers. A case study demonstrates the superiority of the proposed hybrid approach over a stand-alone machine learning model. Additionally, it shows that the outlier removal methods based on analytical techniques perform best in this approach. The case study further indicates that the usage of a data envelopment analysis for the filtering leads to less realistic cost estimates. Nevertheless, it can be a valid method for applications where cost efficiency takes utmost priority.
Fast Quantification of Phenylethyl Alcohol in Rose Water and Chemical Profiles of Rose Water and Oil of Rosa damascena and Rosa rugosa from Southeast China

A new and effective high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for fast quantification of phenylethyl alcohol in rose water. Chemical profiles of rose water and oil of Rosa damascena and Rosa rugosa from Southeast China were investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Fast HPLC was achieved by rapid sample preparation and fast elution using acetonitrile–water (35:65, v/v) on Zorbax SB-C18. It was validated and applied to rapid analysis of different rose water samples, in which the contents of phenylethyl alcohol ranged from 454.6 to 526.7 µg/mL. GC and GC–MS revealed that rose water volatiles of R. damascena and R. rugosa mainly consisted of phenylethyl alcohol (90.2% and 78.7%, respectively) and citronellol (4.5% and 13.5%, respectively). This is the first report on fast HPLC quantification of phenylethyl alcohol in rose water and chemical profiles of rose water volatiles of R. damascena and R. rugosa from Southeast China. The developed HPLC method can serve as a fast quality control during rose water production.
Utilization of Biotechnological Drugs in Rare Diseases

3 Background/aim: Pediatric patients, especially with rare diseases, represents a 4 population which has high tendency towards off-label drug use (OLDU) and needs a 5 careful practice of pharmacotherapy than in adults. We aimed to investigate 6 biotechnological drug use in children with rare diseases requiring OLDU. 7 Materials and Methods: This retrospective study examined all single-diagnosed 8 OLDU applications (n=5792) for 4992 children (<18-year) in Turkey. Applications of 9 rare diseases were selected, and their descriptive characteristics were examined 10 including demographic features of patients, biotechnological drug utilization status, and 11 disease categories. The off-label status of the drugs at the end of 2020 was also 12 examined. 13 Results: In total, 77.7% (n=4501) of OLDU applications were made for rare diseases. 14 Biotechnological drug use was higher in rare disease applications than in non-rare 15 diseases (37.9% vs. 19.2%, respectively; p<0.0001). Canakinumab was the top applied 16 biotechnological drug (73.2%). Compared to that in small-molecule drugs, the mean 17 age of patients was higher in biotechnological drug-containing applications (8.1±5.3 vs 18 9.7±4.9, respectively; p<0.0001). Biotechnological drug use was higher in non19 neoplastic rare diseases (40.3%) than in neoplastic rare diseases (26.4%), (p<0.0001). 20 At the end of the year 2020, the approval status of the off-label indications covered in 21 2016 was significantly higher for rare (24.4%) vs. non-rare (5.2%, p<0.0001) diseases 22 and for biotechnological (32.3%) vs. small-molecule (13.9%, p<0.0001) drugs. In total, 23 87.7% of the drugs would have to be still used in the off-label setting at the end of 2020. 24 Conclusion: It was seen that more than three-quarters of the pediatric OLDU 25 applications are for rare diseases and the need for biotechnological OLDU in this group 26 is almost 2-fold of small-molecule drug use. While further projected findings imply a 27 higher approval tendency towards for rare diseases and biotechnological drugs, there 28 seems to be more room for improvement for pediatric drug use. 29
Effect of ferric ions on the morphology and size of magnetite nanocrystals synthesized by ultrasonic irradiation

Two‐dimensional plate‐like Fe3O4 nanocrystals and nanoparticles could be synthesized by a simple one‐step sonochemical method through ultrasonic irradiation in reverse co‐precipitation solution at low temperature. This technique provided a facile and rapid way to prepare Fe3O4nanocrystals with different morphology and size. Magnetite nanoplates were synthesized with only ferrous salt adding into alkali solution, and adding ferric ions with low molar ratio in the metal salts solution would lead to the formation of very small magnetite nanoparticles (∼10 nm). The size of as‐prepared magnetite nanoparticles increased with increasing reaction temperature and showed narrow size distribution, the standard deviation less than 2 nm. This investigation indicated that ferric ions had significant influence on the morphology of Fe3O4 nanocrystals. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Is there an N3− ion in the crystal structure of the ionic conductor lithium nitride (Li3N)?

The structure parameters of Li3N in the temperature range -120 to 20°C were refined both for neutral atoms (Li0 and N0) and for ions (Li+ and N3-). For N3- new scattering curves were used which were calculated by applying stabilizing Watson-sphere potentials for different radii. All structure parameters depend critically on the scattering curves used. However, only on the assumption of ions, and only for N3- scattering curves corresponding to a small range of Watson radii, were physically meaningful structure parameters and R values down to 0.9% obtained. These structure refinements demonstrate that Li3N can be considered as an ionic crystal in which the N3- ion, though unstable as a free ion, is stabilized by the surrounding Li+ ions.
Making LARG Supply Chain Management Smart and Identification of its Conditions with Management Tools of SWOT, BI, and RFID Technology

In the information age and complex competitive environment in the world of global competition, the senior managers of organizations and companies require timely and correct decisions in order to maintain the demand-oriented in order to maintain market demandoriented and customer retention and retain customer. Thus, for any decision-making and planning in organizations and companies, we should identify the current situation through investigation of internal and external environmental factors known so that we predict future. The present study aimed to make LARG supply chain management smart and to identify its conditions with management tools of SWOT, BI and RFID technology. This study is applied and its method is descriptive-analytic. Results of studies show that the management of programs and organizational activities are not limited to within the organizations. Therefore, organizations and companies, including manufacturing, services companies, can provide managements goals of LARG supply chain in all manufacturing and service chains that has advantages of lean, agile, resilient, and green approaches to achieve success by identifying internal and external environmental factors using analyzing tool of SWOT along with business intelligence and radio Frequency Identification technology (RFID).
Profile of Maximum Oxygen Uptake of Male Youth Athletes

Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance (CE) is one of the main bio-motor components that must be possessed by athletes to be able to support physical performance. In addition to being able to engage in physical activity for long periods, cardiovascular endurance is also needed to help and speed up the reversibility process of physical fatigue after exercising. The profile related to the athlete's endurance is very necessary to be held, which can be used for the process of monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the training program that has been given. Objective: This study aimed to determine the profile of cardiovascular endurance for male jun ior athletes of Track and Field (TF), Taekwondo (TK), Karate (KT), and SepakTakraw (ST). Methods: The method of study was a quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. A total sampling method was implemented to 60 athletes including 14 athletes ages 14-17 years old for TF, 20 samples of TK, 15 athletes of KT, and 11 athletes of ST who were prepared for Nat ional School Games. The test instrument for cardiovascular endurance used was a mult istage fitness test (MFT), with quantitative descriptive data analysis in percentages. Results: The results showed that athletes of track and field (TF) had an average value of VO2Max ranging from 35.0-38.3 ml/kg/minute, meanwhile fo r Karate (KT) had an average value of 33.2 36.5 ml/kg/minute. On the other side, athletes of Taekwondo (TK) have average cardiovascular endurance values ranging from 34.137. 7ml/kg/minute and athletes of SepakTakraw (ST) have average endurance values ranging from 29.7-31.3 ml/kg/minute. Conclusions:The cardiovascular endurance profiles for Track and Field generally have good level categories, and so does for Taekwondo where in general also have good categories. Meanwhile, the profile of cardiovascular endurance for Karate state in an average category, on the other side SepakTakraw as generally has in a less category.
Does Zakat Signal the Firm Value? An Additional Inference of Mining and Manufacturing Zakatnomics

Mining and manufacturing industries are two contributive sectors having high economic value. Optimalization of their zakat potential should be estimated not only addressed to provide the gain for public welfare, but firms should also obtain the economic value on their performance. This research aims to provide an empirical inference on mining and manufacturing zakatnomics. The effect of corporate zakat potential on the firm value is tested in this research. The sample comprises 47 mining companies and 180 manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange by utilizing financial statements of 2018 period. The result of this research finds that zakat potential was found positive on the firm value. This research also finds that zakat has a positive impact on profitability. Therefore, the finding in this research draws an inference that zakat empirically signals firm value and profitability.
Free radical scavenging activity and phenolic content of Ficus deltoidea accessions MFD4 and MFD6 leaves.

Methanol extracts of leaves from Ficus deltoidea accessions, MFD4 & MFD6, were examined for phenolic constituents and free radical scavenging activity, to determine their potential as a source of natural antioxidants. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated according to the Folin-Ciocalteau procedure and a colorimetric method respectively. The results showed that total phenolic compounds and flavonoid content were higher in MFD6 than MFD4. Antiradical activity determined in terms of per cent inhibition by the DPPH radical scavenging method was higher in MFD4 than MFD6. *Food Technology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, P.O. Box 12301, 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Author’s full name: Norra Ismail E-mail: norra@mardi.gov. my ©Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute 201
EQUALITAS Working Paper No. 34 Poorer and More Deprived? Low Income and Material Deprivation Overlaps in Spain after the Great Recession

This study analyses how the economic crisis has modified the relationship between income and material deprivation in Spain, using data from the Living Conditions Survey 2004-2012. To this end, a material deprivation index is first defined, in order to overcome some of the limitations of the measure currently included in the Europe 2020 at-risk-of-poverty or exclusion indicator, and a multinomial logistic regression model is estimated using data from 2008 and 2012. The results demonstrate that the degree of overlap between low income and material deprivation has increased by around 50% in this period, even despite the offsetting effect of the reduction in the (relative) income poverty threshold. After identifying the most important factors explaining why some households are at greater risk of being deprived than of having only low income, we show that the Great Recession has produced a significant recomposition of the poverty profile in Spain. A result that is worth emphasizing is the increasing role played by long-term unemployment and by differences in tenure status of households in predicting the overlap between low income and material deprivation, four years after the bursting of the property bubble.
Carcass and retail meat cuts quality properties of broiler chicken meat based on the slaughter age

Abstract This study aimed to determine the carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens based on the slaughter age (28, 30, 32, and 34 days). The carcass characteristics included live and carcass weights, carcass rate, dressing rate, and retail cut weight. The meat quality properties were determined through proximate composition, pH, color, water holding capacity (WHC), cooking yield, and shear-force. The broiler chicken live, carcass, breast, thigh, and wing weights significantly increased with the slaughter age (p < 0.05); the tenderloin weight also exhibited a similarly increasing trend. However, the carcass rate of the day 28 sample was significantly lower than the other samples (p < 0.05). The protein and ash contents of the breast exhibited an increasing trend with increasing slaughter age. The protein content of the thigh of the day 28 sample was significantly lower than that of the other samples (p < 0.05), while the ash contents of the day 28 and 30 samples were significantly lower. The redness of the breast showed an increasing trend, and the pH and lightness of the thigh exhibited a decreasing trend with slaughter age. The WHC and cooking yields of the day 30 and 32 breast and thigh samples were significantly higher than those of the day 28 and 34 samples (p < 0.05). The breast and thigh shear-force of the day 30–34 samples were significantly higher than those of the day 28 sample (p < 0.05). The present study showed that even with a two-day difference in slaughter age, the broiler chicken meat quality showed a significant difference in several characteristics.
A Prospective Study of Patient Safety Incidents Occurring During Retrieval in a Regional Pediatric Transport Service

Introduction: The primary aim of this study was to quantify patient safety incident rates during retrieval in our state emergency pediatric transport service. Secondary aims were to describe the patient cohort and retrieval characteristics, including the interventions performed by the transport teams. Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive safety audit. Data relevant to patient safety incidents, retrieval and patient cohort characteristics, and team interventions were recorded and analyzed for 365 consecutive retrievals between February 11th and August 11th, 2018. Results: Half the patients were under two years old, respiratory illnesses dominated (233, 63.8%), and few were mechanically ventilated (44, 12.1%). There were 31.5 safety incidents per 100 retrievals, the most frequent being delayed urgent departures, equipment malfunction, and hypoxia (12.9, 4.4 and 4.1 per 100 retrievals respectively). Of those safety incidents, we considered 44.4% (16/36) preventable. There were 5.5 adverse events and 0.5 major harm incidents per 100 retrievals. Procedures by the team were infrequent, with only three central lines (0.8%) placed and four endotracheal intubations (1.1%) performed. Conclusion: Safety incidents during retrieval were common and often preventable, though rates of harm were substantially lower. These events occurred in a patient cohort that appeared to have a relatively low level of acuity when compared to other studies. Delayed departures were frequent and often related to team availability. Procedural interventions were uncommon which has implications for staff training. Overall, the study identified several important areas in which we may improve the safety of our service.
Modelling of Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena and Quality Changes During Continuous Biscuit Baking Using Both Deductive and Inductive (Neural Network) Modelling Principles

The aim of the present study is to specify the chosen methodology to obtain a mathematical model that simulates the functioning of a continuous industrial-scale biscuit oven. This model includes the prediction of typical baking curves (kinetics of product temperature gain and water loss, kinetics of radiant, convective and contact flux variations affecting the product over the entire length of the oven…) but also integrates the prediction of two essential end-product characteristics: dimensions, and surface colour. This combines a classical heat and mass transfer model (deductive modelling approach) developed in a previous study and two artificial neural network models (inductive modelling approach) in order to model the kinetics of biscuit colour and thickness variations during the baking. As the underlying physico-chemical principles governing the system to be modelled (biscuit surface colour and size changes during baking) are not clearly elucidated and understood, the ANN modelling approach is of considerable interest since a functional form for the relationship between the process data and product quality data can be estimated without a priori putting forward hypotheses on the underlying physico-chemical mechanisms involved.
Error analysis for space discretizations of quasilinear wave-type equations

In this paper we study space discretizations of a general class of first- and second-order quasilinear wave-type problems. We present a rigorous error analysis based on a combination of inverse estimates with semigroup theory for nonautonomous linear Cauchy problems. Moreover, we provide refined results for the special case that the nonlinearities are local in space. As applications of these general results we derive novel error estimates for two prominent examples from nonlinear physics: the Westervelt equation and the Maxwell equations with Kerr nonlinearity. We conclude with a numerical example to illustrate our theoretical findings.
Assessment of Mean Glandular Dose and Entrance Surface Dose in Mammography

X-ray diagnostic tests are important for public health. Such tests may involve significant patient irradiation and may be the population’s largest radiation source. X-ray mammograms show different female lesions using ionizing radiation. The result is exposure to a small amount of increased radiation. This study was performed during mammograms to determine the average absorbed dose of x-rays and factors influencing the breast 's median glandular dose (MGD). The study was conducted in Khartoum, Sudan, mammography patients. Sample size was 300 patients with different disease types. This study was in two Khartoum Hospitals. This study evaluated Robson’s Mean Glandular Dose (MGD) and additional mammographic dance tests. Patient age, breast thickness, tube filter and exposure factors (mAs and kVp) were study parameters. Calculated MGD results show that patient exposure was significantly lower than standard IAEA dose. For Craniocaudal and Oblique projections, the average MGD values were 1.54 + 0.17 (p<.05) and 1.58 + 0.22 (p<0.05). This study documented patient characteristics and radiation exposure factors. For international agencies (IAEA, NCRP and ACR), these results should be less than the standard dose.