Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Green bonds enhance stock returns and financial performance: A literature Review

The aim of the research is to present a literature review in the background of green bonds. The literature review has been carried out to understand the view on the effect of issue of green bonds on the stock prices and financial performance. Most research studies show more pronounced evidence of issue of green bonds producing a favourable stock reaction. There is conflicting evidence suggesting the issuance of green bonds enhances the financial success of the firms
Youtube Media in the Listening Ability of English Education Students

This research was motivated by the learning to listen to English UHKBNP students during the Covid-19 pandemic which had not been carried out properly because students' understanding of listening skills was still lacking. The teaching and learning process during the pandemic was increasingly difficult for students to experience, resulting in disruption of the teaching and learning process. This also reduces the activeness of students in participating in listening lessons. The learning media used are also less effective, moreover the learning techniques used are still less varied. The purpose of this study was to analyze how effective the use of YouTube media was on the listening skills of UHKBNPP English students during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used was quasi-experimental without a control class. The steps to be carried out in this research are; 1) Do a pre test; 2) Doing treatment using Youtube media; 3) Do a post test, then conclude. Based on the t test results, there was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group in listening ability. The experimental class that used YouTube media showed significant improvement compared to the control group. The conclusion from this study is that there is effectiveness of YouTube media in improving students' listening skills during the current Covid-19 pandemic.
Patricia Goldman-Rakic: a pioneer and leader in frontal lobe research

Our understanding of the organization of the frontal cortex can be traced back to the experimental studies in the late 1800s by Fritsch and Hitzig on the frontal cortex of dogs and the frontal cortex of monkeys by Ferrier. These studies and many other studies that followed focused on motor functions, but halfway through the 20th century, very little was understood about the role of the frontal lobe in the control of other functions, and it was generally thought that the frontal lobe did not play a significant role in cognition. One result was that studies of cortical functions in cognition were carried out largely on parietal and temporal cortical regions with surprisingly little interest in the frontal lobe. The first systematic studies of the effects of prefrontal lesions on non-human primates began around 1950, especially by Rosvold and Mishkin in the Laboratory of Psychology at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in the United States. With her background in development, Pat Goldman joined this laboratory in 1965 and began an examination of the effects of prefrontal lobectomy on behavior in infant rhesus monkeys, both during development and later as the animals grew into adulthood. Her developmental studies were groundbreaking as they demonstrated that the effects of early prefrontal lesions varied with precise age (including prenatal), precise lesion location, behaviors measured, and age at assessment. She also began in parallel extensive studies of the role of the prefrontal cortex for a range of functions (especially working memory) in adult monkeys, which led to an examination of factors that influenced functional outcomes after injury or disease. This research was critical in helping to identify the significant role of the prefrontal cortex in cognition in both normal brains and neurological diseases such as schizophrenia. Her pioneering study demonstrating the role of the prefrontal cortex in cognition led to a remarkable increase in the number of researchers studying prefrontal functions in both non-human primates and rodents. This review will chronicle the key findings in her 35+ years studying the prefrontal cortex and illustrate the course she set for generations to follow.
Assessing the Impact of Prolonged Averaging of Coronary Continuous Thermodilution Traces

Continuous Thermodilution is a novel method of quantifying coronary flow (Q) in mL/min. To account for variability of Q within the cardiac cycle, the trace is smoothened with a 2 s moving average filter. This can sometimes be ineffective due to significant heart rate variability, ventricular extrasystoles, and deep inspiration, resulting in a fluctuating temperature trace and ambiguity in the location of the “steady state”. This study aims to assess whether a longer moving average filter would smoothen any fluctuations within the continuous thermodilution traces resulting in improved interpretability and reproducibility on a test–retest basis. Patients with ANOCA underwent repeat continuous thermodilution measurements. Analysis of traces were performed at averages of 10, 15, and 20 s to determine the maximum acceptable average. The maximum acceptable average was subsequently applied as a moving average filter and the traces were re-analysed to assess the practical consequences of a longer moving average. Reproducibility was then assessed and compared to a 2 s moving average. Of the averages tested, only 10 s met the criteria for acceptance. When the data was reanalysed with a 10 s moving average filter, there was no significant improvement in reproducibility, however, it resulted in a 12% diagnostic mismatch. Applying a longer moving average filter to continuous thermodilution data does not improve reproducibility. Furthermore, it results in a loss of fidelity on the traces, and a 12% diagnostic mismatch. Overall, current practice should be maintained.
Digital financial literacy and digital financial inclusion: A multigroup analysis based on gender

The objective of this research is to explore the relationship between digital financial literacy (DFL) and digital financial inclusion (DFI) while considering gender differences. The study employed convenience sampling and collected primary data through a questionnaire. The analysis involved a multi-group assessment to examine how DFL influences DFI in distinct gender categories. The results reveal a noteworthy association between DFL and DFI among both females and males. Interestingly, the impact of DFL on DFI appears to be more pronounced within the female group, suggesting that enhancing digital financial literacy can be particularly beneficial for women's financial inclusion. However, it is essential to note that the disparity in the effect of DFL on DFI between the two gender groups does not reach statistical significance. This finding underscores the overall significance of DFL in advancing digital financial inclusion across all genders. These results have substantial implications for policymakers and financial institutions. The study underscores the importance of promoting digital financial literacy to improve digital financial inclusion. While the influence of DFL seems slightly stronger for females, addressing digital financial literacy comprehensively for all genders remains vital in the pursuit of inclusive financial systems. By expanding digital financial literacy initiatives and making them accessible to diverse populations, policymakers and financial institutions can contribute to more equitable financial inclusion. This research highlights the need for gender-inclusive strategies and underscores that bolstering DFL can be a pivotal step towards achieving comprehensive financial inclusion on a broader scale.
Abnormal change of flood water level in hinterland of Pearl River Delta and its cause analysis

Pearl River Delta is one of the most developed areas in the southeast coast of China. The flood control security of the delta plays an important role in the regional social and economic development. Because of the complex constitution of rivers and river mouths and the correlative hydrodynamic influences of run-off and tide, the flood flow in the delta shows an extremely dynamic characteristics temporally and spatially. The flood water elevation in the hinterland of the delta exceptionally rises since 1990's because of the out-of-order exploitation of water-and-soil resources since 1980's, and therefore the flood control safety of the area has been seriously threatened. Based on the exceptional rise phenomena during "94.6" and "98.6", this paper analyzes the interior and exterior causes for the exceptional flood elevation rise in the hinterland so as to provide a scientific basis for drawing up of flood countermeasures in the area.
Observational Study on a Large Italian Population with Lipedema: Biochemical and Hormonal Profile, Anatomical and Clinical Evaluation, Self-Reported History

We analyzed the medical condition of 360 women affected by lipedema of the lower limbs in stages 1, 2, and 3. The data were assessed for the whole population and compared between different clinical stages, distinguishing between obese and non-obese patients. The most frequent clinical signs were pain when pinching the skin, subcutaneous nodules, and patellar fat pads. The most frequently painful site of the lower limbs was the medial lower third of the thigh. The pain score obtained on lower limb points increased progressively with the clinical stage. In all points evaluated, the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue increased with the clinical stage. Analyzing the data on the lower medial third of the leg and considering only patients with type 3 lipedema, the difference between stages was statistically significant after correction for age and BMI. We found higher levels of C-reactive protein at more severe clinical stages, and the difference was significant after correction for age and BMI between the stages. Overall, the prevalence of alterations of glucose metabolism was 34%, with a progressive increase in prevalence with the clinical stage. The most frequent comorbidities were vitamin D insufficiency, chronic venous disease, allergies, dyslipidemia, headache, and depression of mood. Interestingly, in comparison with the general population, we found higher prevalence of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome. Finally, the clinical stage and the involvement of the upper limbs or obesity suggest a worse clinical, anthropometric, and endocrine–metabolic profile.
Adolescents and reproductive health: Promoting healthy habits for reproductive well-being

Abstract. Adolescence is a critical period in humans in terms of physical, psychosocial, cognitive, and emotional development, especially for the reproductive system. Adolescents must be prepared to face reproductive maturation so they need some information to solve the change in their bodies. Conducting health education about reproductive health is very important as an effort to increase knowledge in dealing with puberty. The reproductive health education program for adolescents facing puberty is one solution that can be done to increase adolescents’ knowledge about reproductive health. This activity aims to increase adolescents’ knowledge about health reproductive in adolescence. The method used was a quasi-experiment research design with a group pretest and posttest approach. The population in this program was elementary school students in grades 4 and 5 at SDN Banyuurip Yogyakarta with a total sample of 38 students and a purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria for children aged 10-14 years. Then, the data was analyzed by using a paired t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in students’ knowledge levels before and after the education was implemented. Before the reproductive health education, the respondents' knowledge level was mostly in the less category of 52%, sufficient category of 42%, and good category of 5%. After the reproductive health education was carried out, most of the students had good knowledge of 71%, sufficient knowledge of 29%, and no students had insufficient knowledge. Other results showed the pre-test mean scored 76.58 and post-test mean scored 83.16, median pretest and post-test scored 80 and 90. The results of the paired t-test obtained a p-value of 0.049 <0.005. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an effect of reproductive health education on Banyuurip elementary school children of Yogyakarta. Conclusion: Reproductive health education is proven to increase students’ knowledge level in dealing with puberty and care for reproductive organs.
Research on the Changes in Distribution and Habitat Suitability of the Chinese Red Panda Population

Simple Summary The study emphasizes the importance of species–habitat dynamic research in shaping effective habitat protection and management strategies. Current, research on Chinese red panda habitats is limited to single-period analysis, thereby hindering the formulation of comprehensive conservation strategies. The study employs habitat suitability simulations across different time scales, quantifying trends in habitat quality changes, and analyzing the reasons for suitability changes. The results show an overall increase in habitat suitability for the Chinese red panda, but a decline in habitat suitability in the central part of Liangshan is observed. The decline in habitat suitability is attributed to climate change and human interference. Additionally, the local extinction of the isolated populations in the Minshan Mountains is identified as the primary cause of the distribution retreat rather than a decrease in habitat quality being identified as such. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing conservation and management strategies for Chinese red pandas at different scales. Abstract The study of the dynamics of species habitat is of great significance for maintaining or adjusting the current habitat protection management strategy. However, the current research on the Chinese red panda’s habitat is limited to the analysis of a single period, which makes it difficult to quantify the changes in its habitat on a temporal scale and greatly hinders the formulation of the overall protection and management strategies that are to be used for the Chinese red panda. This study simulated habitat suitability at different temporal scales to quantify the trend of changes in habitat quality and analyzed the reasons for the changes in habitat suitability in certain regions. The results showed that the overall suitability of the Chinese red panda’s habitat increased and that the area of suitable habitats expanded. Suitable Chinese red panda habitats in the mountains of Qionglai (1662.73 km2), Daxiangling (230.30 km2), Xiaoxiangling (549.47 km2), and Liangshan (50.39 km2) increased by a total of 2452.89 km2. The suitability of habitats in the central part of the Liangshan Mountains has declined significantly, which is positively correlated with changes in temperature seasonality (BIO4, R = 0.18) and negatively correlated with changes in annual average temperature (BIO1, R = −0.03) as well as changes in the proportion of farmland (FARMLAND, R = −0.14). The local extinction of isolated populations of Chinese red pandas in the Minshan Mountains is the main factor leading to their distribution retreat rather than a decrease in habitat quality. The research results help us to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of conservation and management strategies for Chinese red pandas at different scales.
Re-Engineering Therapeutic Anti-Aβ Monoclonal Antibody to Target Amyloid Light Chain

Amyloidosis involves the deposition of misfolded proteins. Even though it is caused by different pathogenic mechanisms, in aggregate, it shares similar features. Here, we tested and confirmed a hypothesis that an amyloid antibody can be engineered by a few mutations to target a different species. Amyloid light chain (AL) and β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) are two therapeutic targets that are implicated in amyloid light chain amyloidosis and Alzheimer’s disease, respectively. Though crenezumab, an anti-Aβ antibody, is currently unsuccessful, we chose it as a model to computationally design and prepare crenezumab variants, aiming to discover a novel antibody with high affinity to AL fibrils and to establish a technology platform for repurposing amyloid monoclonal antibodies. We successfully re-engineered crenezumab to bind both Aβ42 oligomers and AL fibrils with high binding affinities. It is capable of reversing Aβ42-oligomers-induced cytotoxicity, decreasing the formation of AL fibrils, and alleviating AL-fibrils-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Our research demonstrated that an amyloid antibody could be engineered by a few mutations to bind new amyloid sequences, providing an efficient way to reposition a therapeutic antibody to target different amyloid diseases.
Exploring Lifestyle and Dietary Patterns in Pregnancy and Their Impact on Health: A Comparative Analysis of Two Distinct Groups 10 Years Apart

The significance of dietary patterns during pregnancy is highlighted by accumulating evidence, emphasizing their pivotal role in promoting a healthy pregnancy for both the mother and the child. This study aimed to assess the current dietary patterns of pregnant women, compare the energy and nutrient intake of two distinct groups with a 10-year interval, and identify changes in dietary patterns. EPIC FFQ was applied, and its data were interpreted with the FETA program version 6 (CAMB/PQ/6/1205). By means of principal component analysis, three different food patterns were identified in each study group: vegetarian, balanced, and traditional (2013); and prudent, vegetarian, and modern (2023). Analyzing the relationship between food groups and gestational weight, we found that gestational weight gain in 2013 was positively correlated with eggs and egg dishes and milk and milk products, whereas in 2023, gestational weight gain was positively correlated with fats and oils, non-alcoholic beverages, and the modern pattern. Additionally, in 2023, pre-gestational BMI correlated positively with eggs and egg dishes. The balanced pattern emerged as a predictor for a lower likelihood of inadequate gestational weight gain in both groups. Furthermore, normal and overweight pregnant women showed a reduced likelihood of excessive gestational weight gain.
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring and Audit over Athi River Township, Kenya

Monitoring of air pollution is an active area of research. A numbers of agencies; environmental, health and governments consider access to clean unpolluted air as a basic requirement for human, plant, animal and environmental health. As many countries develop and move up socio-economic scale, emissions will increase, rising pollution levels and causing health concerns. It is therefore paramount that ad hoc and continuous monitoring be undertaken to ascertain air pollutant levels. This study presents a statistical analysis of selected air pollutants from Athi River Township, Kajiado County in Kenya. The data was collected over three sites downwind of the township that are highly exposed to pollutants from Athi River town. The study was carried out using various gas analyzers and samplers mounted in a Mobile Air Monitoring Laboratory van. Concentration of particulate matter was generally high in the morning and late evening hours. The concentration was found to be above World Health Organisation air quality levels; the mean 24 hours of PM2.5 was 30.74 μg/m3 exceeding WHO limit of 25 μg/m3.The concentration of Black Carbon was found to range from medium to extremely high concentration in the region. However, the compounds of nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen are generally low. To improve air quality in Athi River, mitigation measures such as limiting the establishment of more high energy-consuming industries and prioritize the use of clean energy sources. The study faced challenges in categorizing the concentration of the pollutants, calling for finalisation of air quality regulations and guidelines.
MANAGEMENT OF PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH STORM DRAIN DISCHARGE : RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS OF THE PRESENCE OF HUMAN PATHOGENS IN URBAN STORM DRAINS

Table 8. Molecular techniques used in the identification and confirmation of the selected bacteria, viruses, and protozoa in water samples collected from storm drains and surfaces in close proximity to the drains. Table 10. Evaluation of three methods of eluting an FHLP filter processed with a water sample spiked with known concentrations of E. coli and C. Table 14. Bulk measures of the physical, chemical, and biological quality of water samples collected from seven storm drains or surfaces in close proximity Table 15. Concentrations of selected pathogens in water samples collected from seven storm drains and surfaces located in close proximity to the drains. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project was initiated by Steven Borroum, Chief of the Environmental Division of the California Department of Transportation. Mr. Borroum maintained his support through difficult periods of methods development. Without his support the project would neither have been conducted nor completed. Kuen Tsay served as the Caltrans project manager and was extremely helpful throughout the three years of the project. Dr. Dean Messer of Larry Walker and Associates provided a great deal of professional guidance throughout the project. His help in finding sampling sites, providing liaison with local agencies, and suggestions for project organization were essential. Robert Cain (City of San Diego) and Chris Gonaver (San Diego County Department of Environmental Health) provided helpful insight during the early stages of this study. Ohio provided advice on selection of organisms and analytical methods. Professor Dean O. Cliver of the School of Veterinary Medicine served as an advisor throughout the project and provided an extraordinarily careful review of the report. His thoughtful analysis and criticism was extremely helpful and we are grateful for his generous contributions. Substantial evidence has accumulated that the indicator organisms used to evaluate the biological quality of water provide erroneous information under a number of circumstances. The organisms have been shown to reproduce and compete in warm soils, to be normal members of the microbial community in some instances, and to have survival rates lower than some important waterborne pathogens. Additionally, there have been important cases, such as the cryptosporidisosis outbreaks in Carrollton, Georgia and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where indicator organisms were absent altogether. In considering urban drainage, such as that flowing onto beaches in California, the impact of this information is significant because of the need to address high indicator bacteria concentrations in the surf zone. California limits concentrations of total coliform bacteria, …