Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The survey of social wellbeing and related factors in students of Guilan Medical University in 2015

* Corresponding Author: Azar Darvishpour Email: darvishpour@gums.ac. ir Background:Social well-being is the monitoring and evaluation of individual performance in the community and the quality of relationships with other people, relatives and social groups. Among the parts of society, considering the health status of students as the destiny makers of tomorrow’s country is very important in each community. This study aimed to assess the social well-being status and associated factors in Guilan University of Medical Sciences students in 2015. Materials and Methods: This article is part of a larger study in which 489 Guilan University of Medical Sciences students in different disciplines were studied by using quota sampling method. The research instrument was a questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic and translated social well-being questionnaire of Keyes. The internal reliability and validity were confirmed in different studies. Descriptive statistics were performed for data analysis by using SPSS software version 19. Results: The results showed that a total of 489 students, the majority (87.9%) had moderate social well-being. The highest mean score of social well-being dimension was related to the social integration (18.26±3.79) and the lowest average score was related to social coherence (12.48±3.02). The social well-being of female students were the highest mean (75.31±11.69) than males (74.32±12.15). The most social well-being score was higher in above 30 years age group (80.77±7.85) and regarding the undergraduate degree (75.71±11.98). Social well-being score in married and single students were alike. Students who were satisfied with their field had higher scores of social wellbeing (76.74±11.76). Conclusion: Despite the relatively good results of students’ social well-being, the results of this study determined the dimensions that have had the low score. It is hoped these results provide the grounds for improving students’ health promotion.
Factors affecting atmospheric vertical motions as analyzed with a generalized omega equation and the OpenIFS model

ABSTRACT A statistical analysis of the physical causes of atmospheric vertical motions is conducted using a generalized omega equation and a one-year simulation with the OpenIFS atmospheric model. Using hourly output from the model, the vertical motions associated with vorticity advection, thermal advection, friction, diabatic heating, and an imbalance term are diagnosed. The results show the general dominance of vorticity advection and thermal advection in extratropical latitudes in winter, the increasing importance of diabatic heating towards the tropics, and the significant role of friction in the lowest troposphere. As this study uses notably higher temporal resolution data than previous studies which applied the generalized omega equation, our results reveal that the imbalance term is larger than the earlier results suggested. Moreover, for the first time, we also explicitly demonstrate the seasonal and geographical contrasts in the statistics of vertical motions as calculated with the generalized omega equation. Furthermore, as our analysis covers a full year, significantly longer than any other previous studies, statistically reliable quantitative estimates of the relative importance of the different forcing terms in different locations and seasons can be made. One such important finding is a clear increase in the relative importance of diabatic heating for midtropospheric vertical motions in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes from the winter to the summer, particularly over the continents. We also find that, in general, the same processes are important in areas of both rising and sinking motion, although there are some quantitative differences.
Effects of Cholinergic Neuromodulation on Thalamocortical Rhythms During NREM Sleep: A Model Study

It has been suggested that cholinergic neurons shape the oscillatory activity of the thalamocortical (TC) network in behavioral and electrophysiological experiments. However, theoretical modeling demonstrating how cholinergic neuromodulation of thalamocortical rhythms during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep might occur has been lacking. In this paper, we first develop a novel computational model (TC-ACH) by incorporating a cholinergic neuron population (CH) into the classical thalamo-cortical circuitry, where connections between populations are modeled in accordance with existing knowledge. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACH) released by neurons in CH, which is able to change the discharge activity of thalamocortical neurons, is the primary focus of our work. Simulation results with our TC-ACH model reveal that the cholinergic projection activity is a key factor in modulating oscillation patterns in three ways: (1) transitions between different patterns of thalamocortical oscillations are dramatically modulated through diverse projection pathways; (2) the model expresses a stable spindle oscillation state with certain parameter settings for the cholinergic projection from CH to thalamus, and more spindles appear when the strength of cholinergic input from CH to thalamocortical neurons increases; (3) the duration of oscillation patterns during NREM sleep including K-complexes, spindles, and slow oscillations is longer when cholinergic input from CH to thalamocortical neurons becomes stronger. Our modeling results provide insights into the mechanisms by which the sleep state is controlled, and provide a theoretical basis for future experimental and clinical studies.
Quantization of anomaly coeﬃcients in 6D N = (1 , 0) supergravity

: We obtain new constraints on the anomaly coeﬃcients of 6D N = (1 , 0) supergravity theories using local and global anomaly cancellation conditions. We show how these constraints can be strengthened if we assume that the theory is well-deﬁned on any spin space-time with an arbitrary gauge bundle. We distinguish the constraints depending on the gauge algebra only from those depending on the global structure of the gauge group. Our main constraint states that the coeﬃcients of the anomaly polynomial for the gauge group G should be an element of 2 H 4 ( BG ; Z ) ⊗ Λ S where Λ S is the unimodular string charge lattice. We show that the constraints in their strongest form are realized in F-theory compactiﬁcations. In the process, we identify the cocharacter lattice, which determines the global structure of the gauge group, within the homology lattice of the compactiﬁcation manifold.
WoV: WiFi-based VLC testbed

We present a complete Visible Light Communications (VLC) transceiver system consisting of low-cost Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components. In particular, we show that COTS IEEE 802.11n (WiFi) devices can be used so that the physical and data link layers of radio frequency (RF) WiFi, i.e. 2.4 GHz, are reused for VLC. Moreover, as WiFi is fully integrated with the Linux system, higher protocols from network to transport and application layer can be used and tested in VLC-related experiments. Our approach has the advantage that a VLC experimenter can fully focus on VLC-related low-level aspects like the design of novel VLC front-ends, e.g. LED drivers, lenses, and photodetectors and test their impact directly on the full network protocol stack in an end-to-end manner with real applications like adaptive video streaming. We present first results from experiments using our prototype showing the performance of unidirectional VLC transmission. Here we analyze the distortions introduced as well as the relationship between signal strength on frame error rate for different MCS and the maximum communication distance. Experimental results reveal that a data rate of up to 150 Mbps is possible over short ranges.
Virulence of new strain of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora from Croatia against Lasioptera rubi

Soil samples from 100 cultivated and natural sites were assessed for the presence of entomopathogenic nematodes. Heterorhabditid nematodes were recovered from three soil samples during spring months, with the overall positive sample rate of 3%. The isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes were identified as three different strains conspecific with Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Heterorhabditidae). They were found from natural sites and vineyard, while no recovery occurred from intensively cultivated agricultural fields. The morphometrical characteristics of infective juveniles and males showed differences between all Croatian strains and from the original description. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora ISO9 was bioassayed on Lasioptera rubi (Cecidomyiidae) (the raspberry gall midge) larvae at different nematode concentrations under laboratory conditions. The significantly highest mortality was observed in treatments with 50 and 200 infective juveniles per insect larvae within 8 days after inoculation. This is the first report of entomopathogenic nematodes of the family Heterorhabditidae from Croatia, and susceptibility of L. rubi larvae to entomopathogenic nematodes. The Croatian strain H. bacteriophora ISO9 was proved to possess strong insecticidal properties against L. rubi larvae.
Undesired self‐image congruence in a low‐involvement product context

Purpose – The paper seeks to investigate the incremental value of a construct termed “undesired self‐image congruence”, and capture consumers' perceived closeness to negatively valenced brand‐related attributes over and above established self‐image congruence factors known to affect consumption‐related attitudes and intentions.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire‐based study was used to assess consumers' attitudes and intentions to consume a low‐involvement product (Marlboro cigarettes; n=211). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were employed to determine the incremental predictive value of the newly introduced undesired congruity component over and above established self‐image congruence facets.Findings – Undesired congruity proved its substantial and incremental value in predicting consumption‐related attitudes, but did not directly influence purchasing intentions.Research limitations/implications – Avoidance motives related to undesired brand images appear to influence purchase decision.
Social Interactions, Network Fluidity and Network Effects

This paper asks how much the strength of network effects depends on the stability and structure of the underlying social network. I answer this using extensive micro-data on all potential adopters of a firm's internal video-messaging system and their subsequent video-messaging. This firm's New York office had to be relocated due to the terrorist attacks of 2001 which lead to a physical re-organization of teams in that city but not in other comparable cities. I study the consequences of this disruption for adoption of video-messaging and the size of network effects. I find evidence that generally network effects are based on direct social interactions. Potential adopters react to adoption only by people they wish to communicate with: They are not affected by adoption by other people. However, when there is a disruption to the social network and communication patterns become less predictable, users become more responsive to adoption by a broader group of users.
DYNAMICS OF KNOCK-OPEN VALVE FOR GAS GUNS POWERED BY CARBON DIOXIDE

The paper is focused on the dynamics of knock-open valve used to control the mass flow from a carbon dioxide (CO2) reservoir. The objective is to formulate the mathematical model simulating dynamics of the knock-open valve system for the gas guns powered by carbon dioxide. The equilibrium discharge mathematical model is overviewed, modified and evaluated to obtain the thermodynamic equilibrium states taking place within the reservoir. The problem is solved using MATLAB environment and results of theoretical solution are verified experimentally. Influence of changes in some design parameters of the knock-open valve system to the mass discharge of CO2 within the reservoir is comprehensively examined.
Extension of aquaponic water use for NFT baby-leaf production : mizuna and rocket salad

Aquaponics is a recirculating technology that combines aquaculture with hydroponics. It allows nutrients from fish waste to feed plants and thus saves water and nutrients. However, there is a mismatch between the nutrients provided by the fish waste and plant needs. Because of this, some nutrients, notably N, tend to accumulate in the aquaponic water (APW or AP water). The aim of this study was to investigate how APW, which is depleted of P and K but still rich in N, could be further utilized. APW was used in a mesocosm and compared with APW from the same source that had been supplemented with macro-nutrients (complemented AP water or CAPW) and a hydroponic control (HC). Mizuna (M) and rocket salad (R) were used as short-cycle vegetable crops in a NFT system. The results revealed that the low production potential of APW was mainly caused by the lack of P and K. If these were supplemented, the yields were comparable to those in the HC. M yield in CAPW was significantly higher than that of HC, probably due to biostimulant effects connected to the organic components in the water as a result of fish farming. Water type, cultivation density, and intercropping significantly influenced the qualitative characteristics of the crop in terms of antioxidant compounds and minerals. Nitrate content in vegetables was lower than European regulation limits. The extended use of APW is viable if the missing nutrients are supplemented; this could be a strategy to increase the efficiency of water and nitrogen use, while further reducing environmental impact.
Thermoplastic Starch Films Added with Dry Nopal (Opuntia Ficus Indica) Fibers

Dry fibers coming from garden waste, originating from Opuntia ficus indica, were introduced in amounts of either 8 or 16 wt % into a self-produced thermoplastic starch (TPS) based on potato starch and glycerol. Thermal (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC), mechanical (tensile tests), and morphological characterization with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and performing energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (microanalysis) were carried out. The results indicated that the uneven distribution and variable geometry of fibers introduced led to a reduction of tensile stress and strain with respect to pure TPS. However, the positive effects of prolonged mixing and increased thickness were highlighted, which suggest the fabrication of the composite could be improved in the future by controlling the manufacturing procedure.
Towards sustainable tourism in Bali? A Western paradigm in the face of Balinese cultural uniqueness

As with many tourist destinations, Bali has accessed modernity and globalization through tourism. In 2015, Bali attracted 4 million tourists coming mainly from several Western countries but even more so from Asian countries. And this number has now been overtaken by domestic visitors, estimated to be 7.15 million Indonesian tourists in 2015. In this context, Bali has been selected as a privileged place for analysis: a small island with huge frequentation where sustainable tourism projects have been tried, since 1987 and 1989. This situation questions the suitability of a global paradigm – sustainable development – for a local society which has developed specific concepts of social and natural environment. Can the universal proposal of “sustainability” associating economy, society and environment, but fundamentally based on a Western concept of nature – defined by its externality from humanity – and society – based on an ideal of individualism and equality – be appropriated by the Balinese cosmological philosophy called Tri Hita Karana? If both proclaim a desire to create a balance between mankind and “nature”, do they have the same meaning? In order to answer this, we will first go back to the historical relationship between Balinese society and sustainable development issues, which date from 1987. Then we will study in more detail the specificities of the Balinese relationship with the environment through the local paradigm of Tri Hita Karana. Finally, we will question the possible suitability of international and local conceptions of “sustainability”, which are sociocultural constructions, and the possible emergence of innovative new models by syncretism. Even though sustainable development involves three components – the “trinity” of economy, society and environment – in this article we focus only on the latter aspect, which is the integration of environmental issues within Balinese society.
A multi-centre study of ACE and the risk of late-onset Alzheimer ’ s disease

Olivia Belbin*,1,2, Kristelle Brown*,1, Hui Shi1, Christopher Medway1, Richard Abrahams3, Peter Passmore4, David Mann5, A. David Smith6, Clive Holmes7, B. McGuiness4, David Craig4, Donald Warden7, Reinhard Heun8, Heike Kölsch9, Seth Love10, Noor Kalsheker1, Julie Williams3, Michael J Owen3, Minerva Carrasquillo2, Steven Younkin2, Kevin Morgan1,~,#, and Patrick G Kehoe10,~ 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, UK 2Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA 3Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK 4Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, UK 5Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, University of Manchester, UK 6Memory Assessment and Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK 7OPTIMA, University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, UK 8Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Queen Elizabeth Psychiatric Hospital, Birmingham, UK 9University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany 10Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, UK
A survey on the relationship between ownership structure and dividend policy in Tehran stock exchange

The main purpose in this article is to study the relationship between Ownership Structure and Dividend Policy of Companies Listed at Tehran Stock Exchange. Also the effect of profit growth rate and dividend policy variables of the previous year was controlled and multiple linear regressions were used. The findings of studying 88 companies during the time period between 2004 and 2009 showed that Joint ownership affects the ratio of dividends of firms accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange positively and Institution ownership affects it negatively. However, there are some reasons which show there does not meaningful relationship between Management Ownership and the amount of Ownership Concentration with dividend policy. Keywords—Dividend policy, Ownership Structure, Ownership Concentration, Stockholders' composition JEL Classification: G10. G21. G32. M41. M48.
Cash and the Economy: Evidence from India&Apos;S Demonetization

We analyze a unique episode in the history of monetary economics, the 2016 Indian â€œdemonetization. â€ This policy made 86% of cash in circulation illegal tender overnight, with new notes gradually introduced over the next several months. We present a model of demonetization where agents hold cash both to satisfy a cash-in-advance constraint and for tax evasion purposes. We test the predictions of the model in the cross-section of Indian districts using several novel data sets including: the geographic distribution of demonetized and new notes for causal inference; night light activity and employment surveys to measure economic activity including in the informal sector; debit/credit cards and e-wallet transactions data; and banking data on deposit and credit growth. Districts experiencing more severe demonetization had relative reductions in economic activity, faster adoption of alternative payment technologies, and lower bank credit growth. The cross-sectional responses cumulate to a contraction in aggregate employment and night lightsâ€“based output due to the the cash shortage of at least 2 percentage points and of bank credit of 2 percentage points in 2016Q4 relative to their counterfactual paths, effects that dissipate over the next few months. Our analysis rejects monetary neutrality using a large-scale natural experiment, something that is still rare in the vast literature on the effects of monetary policy.
The Effect of the Paleolithic Diet vs. Healthy Diets on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Recently, the Paleolithic diet became popular due to its possible health benefits. Several, albeit not all, studies suggested that the consumption of the Paleolithic diet might improve glucose tolerance, decrease insulin secretion, and increase insulin sensitivity. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effect of the Paleolithic diet with other types of diets on glucose and insulin homeostasis in subjects with altered glucose metabolism. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) were searched to select studies in which the effects of the Paleolithic diet on fasting glucose and insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and area under the curve (AUC 0–120) for glucose and insulin during the oral glucose tolerance test were assessed. In total, four studies with 98 subjects which compared the effect of the Paleolithic diet with other types of diets (the Mediterranean diet, diabetes diet, and a diet recommended by the Dutch Health Council) were included in this meta-analysis. The Paleolithic diet did not differ from other types of diets with regard to its effect on fasting glucose (standardized mean difference (SMD): −0.343, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.867, 0.181, p = 0.200) and insulin (SMD: −0.141; 95% CI: −0.599, 0.318; p = 0.548) levels. In addition, there were no differences between the Paleolithic diet and other types of diets in HOMA-IR (SMD: −0.151; 95% CI: −0.610, 0.309; p = 0.521), HbA1c (SMD: −0.380; 95% CI: −0.870, 0.110; p = 0.129), AUC 0–120 glucose (SMD: −0.558; 95% CI: −1.380, 0.264; p = 0.183), and AUC 0–120 insulin (SMD: −0.068; 95% CI: −0.526, 0.390; p = 0.772). In conclusion, the Paleolithic diet did not differ from other types of diets commonly perceived as healthy with regard to effects on glucose and insulin homeostasis in subjects with altered glucose metabolism.