Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The “flipped classroom” (FC) as a way to increase face time for case studies and discussion

The FC was initiated in an undergraduate Anatomy and Physiology course (54 students). Traditional lecture content was delivered via short (~20 min) e‐lectures using screen capture software (Camtasia and Echo360 Personal) and was accompanied with Ppt slides and review questions. E‐lectures and review questions were viewed and completed outside of class. The first 20 min of class was devoted to student discussion of review questions with their permanent teams; which were formed during the first week of the course. Students had the option to edit review answers prior to submitting the assignment for a participation grade. During the editing process the instructor answered individual team questions about the material. After the review question/edit period the instructor addressed the entire class while answering specific questions from students and further emphasizing more difficult concepts. On designated days, a case study was performed that helped with the integration of previously covered material. Answers to the case were completed and the following class period was used to review the case in detail. Five cases were utilized throughout the semester. The FC allowed ample time to complete case studies and address student misconceptions. The mean score for the first exam using the FC was higher than previous years (79.2 vs 74.3; p<0.01) suggesting increased student performance with this method of instruction.
Secondary components in Eugenia (Myrtaceae): Extraction and Efficiency as an antimicrobial in E. francavilleana and E. paracatuana

Organic extractives (OrgExt), also known as a secondary component of plants, have attracted interest of the scientific community in recent years due to their low toxicity and remarkable antimicrobial activity. This present work has aimed to increase knowledge about OrgExt of two Myrtaceae species of Brazilian flora: Eugenia francavilleana and E. paracatuana. OrgExtr of selected species were extracted by two different organic solvents to compare their efficiency and yieldness, namely: cylohexane/ethanol and hexane. Paired T statistical method was used to evaluate yield of extraction process for both species. Quantitative determination of the main compounds presented in structures of plant tissues was performed (Klason lignin content, α-cellulose, holocellulose and polyoses). Inorganic components presented in ash of species were determined by EDS. Among organic solvents tested for extraction of essential substances, the most efficient was hexane, being Eugenia francavilleana the species that provided the highest yield of extracted oil. OrgExt demonstrated simultaneous efficiency in substitution of glycerol (plasticizer) in preparation of thermoplastic starch films and as antimicrobial agents, delaying and reducing appearance of microorganisms in these films. This study has increased knowledge of two species whose OrgExt had never been studied before and demonstrated a potential application.
OARRR_A_342123 123..132

Purpose: To compare the rate of biologic initiation after commencing treatment with apremilast (APR) vs methotrexate (MTX), in systemic-naïve patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Patients and Methods: Systemic-naïve patients with PsA who started treatment with either APR or MTX between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2018 were analyzed using claims data from the IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases (2014– 2019). PsA patients were identified via diagnosis codes; the first prescription date for APR or MTX was the index date. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, healthcare utilization during the year pre-index (baseline) and the year post-index (follow-up), and median time to biologic initiation were reported descriptively. The rates and risk of biologic initiation during follow-up were compared between APR and MTX users by logistic and Cox regressions, respectively. Models were adjusted for demographics, clinical and utilization measures during the baseline period. Results: A total of 2116 patients with PsA newly treated with APR (n = 534) or MTX (n = 1582) were identified. Mean age was similar (50.5 vs 50.4; P = 0.938), and proportion of females was higher for APR vs MTX users (59.4% vs 54.0%; P = 0.031). Mean time to biologic initiation among patients who initiated during follow-up was 194.1 vs 138.7 days between APR vs MTX users (P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, the likelihood of biologic initiation was 58% lower (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.32–0.54]; P < 0.001) with APR, with a significantly lower predicted rate of biologic initiation among APR users when compared to MTX users during follow-up (20.0% [95% CI, 16.6–23.9%] vs 37.5% [95% CI, 35.0–40.1%]). Additionally, APR users had a lower risk of biologic initiation than MTX users (HR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.37–0.57]; P < 0.001) during the 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: Systemic-naïve patients with PsA have a lower rate of, and longer time to, biologic initiation over one-year following APR initiation, compared to those initiating MTX.
Can Photobiomodulation Support the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Pain? Molecular Mechanisms and a Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials

This study aims to point out the correlation between photobiomodulation (PBM) targets and effects and management of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) pain using diode lasers with infrared wavelengths ranging from 780 up to 980 nanometers (nm). A systematic search of multiple electronic databases was done to identify the clinical trials published between 1st January 2010 and 18th December 2021. The included studies were limited to human subjects who had TMD pain, involving two genders with age > 18 years, and were treated with PBM using a diode laser (780–980 nm) as a non-pharmacological therapy to decrease the intensity of the pain associated to TMDs. The risk of bias for included studies was assessed using the Cochrane RoB tool (for randomized studies). The methodologic quality was rated using the Delphi list. The findings suggest that PBM is an effective tool in alleviating TMDs’ pain and increasing the range of movement in patients with Axis 1 of TMDs. However, TMDs’ pain related to underlying pathology cannot be solely treated by PBM. The causative factors must be treated first. Studies displaying the highest quality Delphi score may represent a suggested PBM therapy protocol to follow for TMDs pain management.
Bearing Estimation Using Double Frequency Reassignment for a Linear Passive Array

Abstract The paper demonstrates the use of frequency reassignment for bearing estimation. For this task, signals derived from a linear equispaced passive array are used. The presented method makes use of Fourier transformation based spatial spectrum estimation. It is further developed through the application of two-dimensional reassignment, which leads to obtaining highly concentrated energy distributions in the joint frequency-angle domain and sharp graphical imaging. The introduced method can be used for analysing, a priori, unknown signals of broadband, nonstationary, and/or multicomponent type. For such signals, the direction of arrival is obtained based upon the marginal energy distribution in the angle domain, through searching for arguments of its maxima. In the paper, bearing estimation of three popular types of sonar pulses, including linear and hyperbolic frequency modulated pulses, as well as no frequency modulation at all, is considered. The results of numerical experiments performed in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise are presented and compared to conventional digital sum-delay beamforming performed in the time domain. The root-mean-square error and the peak-to-average power ratio, also known as the crest factor, are introduced in order to estimate, respectively, the accuracy of the methods and the sharpness of the obtained energy distributions in the angle domain.
THE IMPACT OF HOTEL RESPONSES TO ONLINE NEGATIVE REVIEWS ON CONSUMERS' PURCHASE INTENTION

This research investigates the hotel response strategies of businesses being responsive online to stimulate customers purchase intention in eWOM communications. Specifically, this study explores the online managerial responses in terms of length, speed, and relevance of management response to customer negative reviews and how customer personality moderates the purchase intention of the hotel. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was applied to collect 441 responses from Chinese residents who have made online hotel reservations and selected the hotel only after checking the online reviews and the hotel responses. The findings confirm that hotel response to negative reviews has an essential impact on 'consumers' purchase intention and consumer personality traits. Further, the research includes the practical implications for hotels to set up the reply format and carry out effective service recovery through different expression ways of negative reviews response.
Student ownership of projects in an upper-division optics laboratory course: A multiple case study of successful experiences

We investigate students' sense of ownership of multiweek final projects in an upper-division optics lab course. Using a multiple case study approach, we describe three student projects in detail. Within-case analyses focused on identifying key issues in each project, and constructing chronological descriptions of those events. Cross-case analysis focused on identifying emergent themes with respect to five dimensions of project ownership: student agency, instructor mentorship, peer collaboration, interest and value, and affective responses. Our within- and cross-case analyses yielded three major findings. First, coupling division of labor with collective brainstorming can help balance student agency, instructor mentorship, and peer collaboration. Second, students' interest in the project and perceptions of its value can increase over time; initial student interest in the project topic is not a necessary condition for student ownership of the project. Third, student ownership is characterized by a wide range of emotions that fluctuate as students alternate between extended periods of struggle and moments of success while working on their projects. These findings not only extend the literature on student ownership into a new educational domain---namely, upper-division physics labs---they also have concrete implications for the design of experimental physics projects in courses for which student ownership is a desired learning outcome. We describe the course and projects in sufficient detail that others can adapt our results to their particular contexts.
An Examination of Attitudes toward Bisexual People at the Intersections of Gender and Race/Ethnicity

Abstract People report more negative attitudes toward bisexual than gay/lesbian individuals, but little is known about attitudes at the intersections of gender and race/ethnicity. We examined whether attitudes toward bisexual people differed depending on: 1) target gender identity (man, woman), gender modality (cisgender, transgender), and race/ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic); and 2) participant gender identity (man, woman) and race/ethnicity (White, person of color). As part of a cross-sectional survey, 552 participants rated their feelings toward 12 bisexual targets who varied in gender identity/modality and race/ethnicity. A repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that participants rated bisexual men more negatively than bisexual women, transgender bisexual individuals more negatively than cisgender bisexual individuals, and Black/Hispanic bisexual individuals more negatively than White bisexual individuals. However, differences based on target gender identity and race/ethnicity were only observed for cisgender targets, and most effects were only observed for male participants. Efforts to improve attitudes toward bisexual people must account for heterogeneity based on target/participant characteristics.
Vision impairment: To register or not to register? That is the question

For patients to enjoy the benefits of vision impairment registration, they need to be certified by an ophthalmologist. There have been concerns about barriers and a lack of awareness of benefits and certification criteria among ophthalmologists leading to under-registration. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the certification process in terms of potential barriers, clinical decision-making, and understanding of current guidelines and registration benefits. Ophthalmologists completed a survey on understanding registration benefits and barriers for certification (n = 22) and a survey on clinical decision-making in certification (n = 21). Furthermore, visual function and registration data were collected at a hospital Low Vision Clinic in Edinburgh from all new referrals (n = 89) over a 4-month period from August to November 2020. Our study showed that the main barriers for vision impairment certification were insufficient awareness of registration benefits, uncertainty of when to certify, and a lack of time in clinic. Ophthalmologists were more confident about certification of ocular versus neurological visual impairment. In terms of clinical decision-making, the ophthalmologists’ survey placed most importance on visual-field assessments, followed by visual acuity. Very little importance was placed on contrast sensitivity. Our findings suggest that ophthalmologists would benefit from more education into the benefits of registration and more guidance when registering patients with neurological conditions affecting functional vision in particular. It may be beneficial to highlight the role of contrast sensitivity during the certification process to ophthalmologists.
Weakening of the Kuroshio Upstream by Cyclonic Cold Eddies Enhanced by the Consecutive Passages of Typhoons Danas, Wipha, and Francisco (2013)

An array of five pressure-recording inverted echo sounder (PIES) moorings spanning a distance of 420 km around the subtropical countercurrent and North Equatorial Current regions of the western Pacific detected extraordinary sea level drops from November to December 2013. In October 2013, three typhoons, namely, Danas, Wipha, and Francisco, consecutively passed east of the PIES sites, which significantly strengthened pre-existing cyclonic cold eddies to create the observed sea level drops. The typhoon-strengthened cold eddies propagated westward over approximately 1000 km for approximately 4 months and eventually met the Kuroshio offshore Taiwan. The approaching eddies interacted with the Kuroshio upstream for ~3 months and reduced the Kuroshio intensity by up to 24% in February–May 2014, the lowest record for the last 26 years of satellite measurements. Our results can provide a new mechanism linking typhoon-to-eddy-to-Kuroshio variability through oceanic processes.
Lightweight single image deraining algorithm incorporating visual saliency

Deep learning (DL) methods have achieved excellent performance in the task of single image rain removal, however, there are still some challenges, such as artifact remnant, background over-smooth, and more and more complex and heavy-weight network architecture. Due to too heavy-weight network to suit outdoor detection devices or mobile devices, therefore, we propose a light-weight single image deraining algorithm incorporating visual attention saliency mechanisms (LDVS). The network consists of dilation convolution module, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM), and gated recursive unit module. Specifically, rain steaks feature maps are extracted by the combinations of dilated convolution with CBAM, which also facilitates accurate localisation of rain steak location, and then the three gated recursive units is cascaded to remove steaks stage by stage. The dilated convolution module and CBAM are used to reduce network’s weight size and retain the rain removal result, thus our LDVS method belongs to the lightweight with only 50703 parameters. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets have demonstrated that our method outperforms the baseline both under qualitative and quantitative analysis. Under the same rain removal result, our method is less time cost and less burden.
A formula embedding approach for semantic similarity and relatedness between formulas

The mathematical formula is one of the most vital components in a scientific document, which can explicitly describe various complex concepts and ideas. In addition to numerical calculations, they are also used to clarify definitions and disambiguate explanations transcribed in natural language. Nevertheless, the formulas have a noteworthy impact in the scientific documents, the existing information retrieval systems have limited access to scientific documents based on formulas‐based queries. To accomplish this, in this research, we have studied and implemented the formula embedding approach, which encodes the formula into the embedded vector. For encoding the formula, we have used pretrained sentence bidirectional encoder representations from transformers model. The proposed embedding model takes the latex formula as input and generates an upshot as a fixed dimensional embedding representation. In addition to this, the Siamese network is used to reform the semantic meaning of the formulas. Furthermore, the embedding of the formulas and the queried formula are compared, and cosine similarity is estimated. The performance of the suggested methodology is verified using a math stack exchange corpus of ARQMath 2020, and obtained results have shown a remarkable contribution in the task of formula retrieval.
Attenuated HIV-1 Nef But Not Vpu Function in a Cohort of Rwandan Long-Term Survivors

HIV-1 accessory proteins Nef and Vpu enhance viral pathogenesis through partially overlapping immune evasion activities. Attenuated Nef or Vpu functions have been reported in individuals who display slower disease progression, but few studies have assessed the relative impact of these proteins in non-B HIV-1 subtypes or examined paired proteins from the same individuals. Here, we examined the sequence and function of matched Nef and Vpu clones isolated from 29 long-term survivors (LTS) from Rwanda living with HIV-1 subtype A and compared our results to those of 104 Nef and 62 Vpu clones isolated from individuals living with chronic untreated HIV-1 subtype A from the same geographic area. Nef and vpu coding regions were amplified from plasma HIV RNA and cloned. The function of one intact, phylogenetically-validated Nef and Vpu clone per individual was then quantified by flow cytometry following transient expression in an immortalized CD4+ T-cell line. We measured the ability of each Nef clone to downregulate CD4 and HLA class I, and of each Vpu clone to downregulate CD4 and Tetherin, from the cell surface. Results were normalized to reference clones (Nef-SF2 and Vpu-NL4.3). We observed that Nef-mediated CD4 and HLA downregulation functions were lower in LTS compared to the control cohort (Mann-Whitney p=0.03 and p<0.0001, respectively). Moreover, we found a positive correlation between Nef-mediated CD4 downregulation function and plasma viral load in LTS and controls (Spearman ρ= 0.59, p=0.03 and ρ=0.30, p=0.005, respectively). In contrast, Vpu-mediated functions were similar between groups and did not correlate with clinical markers. Further analyses identified polymorphisms at Nef codon 184 and Vpu codons 60-62 that were associated with function, which were confirmed through mutagenesis. Overall, our results support attenuated function of Nef, but not Vpu, as a contributor to slower disease progression in this cohort of long-term survivors with HIV-1 subtype A.
Development approach of a leader-propagation-model for the discharge process of various voltage forms in long air gap rod-plane electrode configurations

In insulation co-ordination, it is desirable to utilize deterministic simulation models to evaluate long air gap discharge/break-down processes under different electrode configurations and voltage forms, especially in the form of leader propagation models (LPM). Yet, current LPMs show inconsistencies and deviations due to their empirical nature and the historically related time-sampling measurement limitations. Through sub-process differentiated investigations of lightning impulse (LI) voltage dis-charges conducted in the 2010s, it was shown, that the leader sub-process exhibits a low statistical uncertainty in its physical parameters and dependencies. The investigations resulted in the development of a semi-physical LPM of LI voltage under rod-plane configurations for near-standard atmospheric conditions, with the voltage-time characteristic as its sole input. Following that approach via a joint Sino-German research project, recent high-resolution, electrical-optical measurements of the discharge process in rod-plane configurations under switching impulse (SI) and AC voltage were analysed to expand the LI-LPM for SI and AC voltage. As a first step, the paper at hand presents a selection of measurements of various gap distances and the func-tional principle of the LPM. The LPM-specific dependency between leader length and pre-discharge current is validated by comparing the optically measured leader lengths with the calculated leader propagation based upon the measured current. It is shown, that the LPM is basically suited to be utilized for various voltage forms.
Examination of a Culturally Specific Sexual Assault Intervention for African American Female Survivors

ABSTRACT Despite the prevalence of sexual assault against African American women, there are few culturally specific interventions available to address the unique needs of these survivors. This article reports the results of a qualitative case study that examined the experiences and outcomes of 12 African American female survivors participating in a community-based, culturally specific group therapy program through an Afrocentric sexual assault agency. Results indicated that participants reported overall positive outcomes and satisfaction with the intervention. This study provides a preliminary understanding of the potential benefits of utilizing a culturally specific approach to sexual assault service provision in community-based settings. By documenting the experiences and outcomes of women participating in a culturally specific group intervention, this study helps bridge the gap between academic and practice-based knowledge and sheds new light on the value of culturally specific sexual assault services for African American survivors.
Improving the quality of Ugandas decentralization: The unfinished business

1 Department of Political and Administrative Sciences, Uganda Management Institute, Uganda. 2 School of management Sciences, Uganda Management Institute, Uganda. 3 Institute Research and Innovation Center, Uganda Management Institute, Uganda. 4 Department of Political and Science, Uganda Management Institute, Uganda. 5 Department of Public Policy and Governance Studies, Uganda Management Institute, Uganda. 6 Research and Innovation Center, Uganda Management Institute, Uganda.