Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Freshwater Mussel Elliptio complanata Filtration on the Phytoplankton Community of Partitioned Aquaculture System Units

Growers produce over 2.8 million kg of catfish (over $350 million wholesale revenue) annually in the United States. The microbiology of the phytoplankton community in culture water affects the growth and flavor of the catfish and is a consideration for growers. Filter feeders, like silver carp and freshwater mussels, in controlled growth systems are used to adjust the phytoplankton species. Our goal was to successfully control the algal populations with filter feeders in catfish production. We used silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrix as a filter feeder in Partitioned Aquaculture System (PAS) water. Silver carp completely eliminated the cyanobacteria Microcystis by size and biovolume reduction. This created the desired effect of small green algae dominating the algal community. A significant but opposite change was observed when freshwater mussels Elliptio complanata filtered PAS water resulting in Microcystis biovolume and size dominance in the PAS; a less desirable algal community. This study also showed an immediate shift in the phytoplankton community when silver carp and mussels were interchanged between PAS waters. The size-selective filtration by the two filter-feeding taxa was important in determining the composition of the PAS phytoplankton community, and it was apparent that filtration with silver carp successfully depleted undesirable algae. The Partitioned Aquaculture System (PAS) concept is based on separating the culture pond into distinct physical, chemical, and biological processes linked together by a homogeneous water velocity field (Drapcho and Brune 2000). Four components make up the basic PAS design: paddlewheel, algal basin, filter feeder confinement areas, and culture species confinement areas. The paddlewheel provides water current, nutrient mixing, sunlight exposure, and continuous flow over the algal basin, culture species, and filter feeders. The algal 1 Corresponding author. basin provides the necessary area (95% of the PAS) for algal biosynthesis and wastewater treatment. The confinement areas physically separate the filter feeders and target species (catfish) for better water quality management and harvest (Brune and Wang 1998). The target fish carrying capacity of the PAS is about 3‐5 times that of conventional culture ponds (Schwartz 1998) due in part to increased phytoplankton growth from mixing and phytoplankton harvest by filter feeding organisms. Catfish aquaculture is economically important in the United States. In 2002, growers’ sales totaled 286 million kg of catfish (over $350 million) (Harvey 2003). Suc
Pattern mining in data streams

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Diagnosis and Management

Citation: Altıntas Y, Bayrak M (2019) Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Diagnosis and Management. Int J Surg Res Pract 6:093. doi.org/10.23937/2378-3397/1410093 Accepted: January 16, 2019; Published: January 18, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Altıntas Y, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. International Journal of Surgery Research and Practice Open Access ISSN: 2378-3397
Dansçılarda egzersiz bağımlılığı semptomunun incelenmesi

Ama c : Bu calismanin amaci Egzersiz Bagimliligi semptomunun danscilardaki durumunu incelemektir. Materyal veYontem: Calismaya en az 2 yildir bir dans bransi (halkoyunlari, modern dans, latin danslari) ile ugrasan 99 dansci (48 bayan, 51 erkek ) katilmistir. Katilimcilara demografik ozelliklerin sorgulandigi anket formu ile ve Hausenblas HA. ve Downs DS. (2002) tarafindan gelistirilen ve Yeltepe H.ve Ikizler H.C. (2007) tarafindan Turkceye uyarlanan Egzersiz Bagimliligi Olcegi-21 uygulanmistir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 11,5 istatistik programinda gruplar arasi karsilastirma icin Kruskal- Wallis Testi kullanilarak degerlendirilmistir Bulgular: Analiz sonucunda; danscilarin % 20,4’nunun asemptomatik, %69,4’nun semptomatik ve %10,2’sinin ise egzersiz bagimligisi oldugu bulgularina ulasilmistir. Calismaya katilan danscilarin cogunlugunun (%80,6) universite seviyesinde egitime sahip olduklari ve cogunlukla semptomatik gurupta (%69,3) toplandigi belirlenmistir. Danscilarin bagimlilik duzeylerine gore ilgilendikleri dans turu dikkate alindiginda ise halkoyunlari bransi ile ugrasanlarin semptomatik (%48,1) ve bagimli (%8,1) ozelliklerini diger branslara gore daha fazla tasidigi belirlenmistir. Semptomatik gurubun, asemptomatik guruptan istatistiksel anlamda daha yuksek egzersiz yasina sahip oldugu, buna ek olarak, bagimli gurubun, diger guruplardan istatistiksel anlamda daha fazla gunluk egzersiz suresine sahip oldugu belirlenmistir. Sonuclar: Bu bulgular isiginda egzersiz yasi ve gunluk egzersiz suresinin yuksek olusu egzersiz bagimliligi semptomunun ortaya cikisina sebep olabilecegi soylenebilir.
Genetic species identification and low genetic diversity in Pseudocalanus acuspes of the Baltic Sea

Calanoid copepods of the genus Pseudocalanus are key species in temperate-boreal marine pelagic ecosystems. Pseudocalanus species are difficult to distinguish morphologically and there is uncertainty regarding the species present in the Baltic Sea. In this study, we investigated the species composition of Pseudocalanus in the Baltic proper and the Gulf of Finland using a restriction fragment length polymorphism approach. Screening of 888 individuals from 13 different stations, sampled during various seasons on a total of 22 different occasions stretching from November 2006 until July 2008, confirmed that P. acuspes is the only Pseudocalanus species normally present in the Baltic Sea. Mitochondrial diversity is exceptionally low in Baltic Sea populations of P. acuspes, as only two cytochrome oxidase I haplotypes were observed in samples ranging from the Gulf of Finland in the north to the Arkona Basin in the south (83 individuals). This unusually low level of genetic diversity indicates that planktonic organisms may experience loss of genetic diversity in marginal Baltic Sea populations, despite large population sizes. Low genetic diversity may negatively impact the species' capacity for adaptation to environmental change.
Phylogenetic patterns in larval host plant and ant association of Indo‐Australian Arhopalini butterflies (Lycaenidae: Theclinae)

The Oriental butterfly genus Arhopala is by far the most species-rich genus within the subfamily Theclinae. We investigated whether biotic interactions with larval host plants or ants are phylogenetically constrained in the evolutionary history of Arhopala , by collating available information on the ecology of Arhopala from the literature as well as from personal observations, and analysing and interpreting these data rigorously in a phylogenetic context. Larvae of all species in the sister-group of Arhopala and Flos feed on Fabaceae. However, the predominant feeding preference of Arhopala s.l. , with the exception of a particular monophyletic and species-rich group, called ‘Group A’, appears to be centred on Fagaceae, with additional records of Dipterocarpaceae feeding. The preference for Fagaceae has strong phylogenetic inertia, as indicated by T-PTP tests designed to test for phylogenetic signal. Adding all available life-history data, using the phylogeny presented before as scaffolding, further increased the phylogenetic signal in host plant data. Feeding on Fabaceae (mainly in the outgroup) and Euphorbiaceae also showed significant phylogenetic signal, but feeding on Dipterocarpaceae did not and was found scattered across the phylogeny. Except for the Dipterocarpaceae, phylogenetic signal in feeding preferences was very clear, even despite uneven taxon sampling and apparent lability in host plant use. Ant association also demonstrated historical constraint, but based on the phylogenetic hypothesis presented here it was not clear whether increased ant association intimacy emerged independently various times in Group A, as well as in several basal groups. Our finding of distinct phylogenetic patterns in the host plant and to a lesser degree in ant association data contradicts the hypothesis that life-history traits are very labile in the Lycaenidae. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2005, 84 , 225‐241. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: ant mutualism ‐ Fagaceae ‐ host-plant evolution ‐ Macaranga ‐ phylogeny ‐ T-PTP test.
DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFICATION OF ACHOLEPLASMA LAIDLAWII PG8 rrnA AND rrnB NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES DURING DISSOCIATION OF THE CELL CULTURE POPULATION

The amplification of the 16S–23S spacer areas of the Acholeplasma laidlawii PG8 rRNA rrnA and rrnB operons has its own features. The attenuation of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) signal of the nucleotide sequences of rrnA containing tRNA genes might be observed if DNA without enzyme deproteinization is used as a matrix. The phenomenon takes place due to dissociation of cell population caused by the active entering of the vegetative cell forms into ultramicroforms in the mycoplasma culture at unfavorable growth conditions. The DNA of A. laidlawii PG8 ultramicroforms showed selective amplification of the rrnB nucleotide sequences – tRNA-free rRNA operon. As to vegetative cells, the “equal” PCR signals for the nucleotide of rrnA and rrnB sequences were registered. In this connection, the use of specific nucleotide sequences of the rrnA spacer area as primers for PCR, as well as the mycoplasma cell DNA without special enzyme deproteinization as a matrix, may lead to wrong conclusions about the presence of A. laidlawii in the tested samples. The ability of A. laidlawii PG8 vegetative cell forms of actively entering into ultramicroforms at unfavorable growth conditions seems to demand a new approach to control mycoplasma infections, providing an efficient diagnosis to detect the vegetative cell forms and ultramicroforms of the mycoplasma in the tested samples.
A case study of the highly time-resolved evolution of aerosol chemical and optical properties in urban Shanghai, China

Abstract. Characteristics of the chemical and optical properties of aerosols in urban Shanghai and their relationship were studied over a three-day period in October 2011. A suite of real-time instruments, including an Aerosol Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (ATOFMS), a Monitor for AeRosols and GAses (MARGA), a Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer (CRDS), a nephelometer and a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), was employed to follow the quick changes of the aerosol properties within the 72 h sampling period. The origin of the air mass arriving in Shanghai during this period shifted from the East China Sea to the northwest area of China, offering a unique opportunity to observe the evolution of aerosols influenced by regional transport from the most polluted areas in China. According to the meteorological conditions and temporal characterizations of the chemical and optical properties, the sampling period was divided into three periods. During Period 1 (00:00–23:00 LT, 13 October), the aerosols in urban Shanghai were mainly fresh and the single scattering albedo varied negatively with the emission of elemental carbon, indicating that local sources dominated. Period 2 (23:00 LT on 13 October to 10:00 LT on 15 October) was impacted by regionally transported pollutants and had the highest particulate matter (PM) mass loading and the lowest particle acidity, characterized by large fractions of aged particles and high secondary ion (nitrate, sulfate and ammonium) mass concentrations. Comparison between ATOFMS particle acidity and quantitative particle acidity by MARGA indicated the significance of semi-quantitative calculation in ATOFMS. Two sub-periods were identified in Period 2 based on the scattering efficiency of PM 1 mass. Period 3 (from 10:00 LT on 15 October to 00:00 LT on 16 October) had a low PM 1 /PM 10 ratio and a new particle formation event. The comparison of these sub-periods highlights the influence of particle mixing state on aerosol optical properties. We directly observed the influence of regionally transported pollutants on local aerosol properties and demonstrate that the PM mass extinction efficiency is largely determined by the mixing states of the aerosol.
Heritability Estimates of, Genetic and Phenotypic Correlations among Some Selected Carcass Traits of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Raised in a Sub-humid Climate

This study was conducted to evaluate some selected carcass traits in Japanese quails as well as provide estimates of their heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations among them. A total of 389 quails were slaughtered at 8 weeks of age. Sex significantly (P<0.05) influenced most carcass traits evaluated. The Japanese quails dressed at an average dressing percentage of 72.36. The heritability estimates of carcass traits derived from the sire variance components varied from low to high. All the carcass traits (carcass weight, front half of carcass weight, Rear half of carcass weight, breast weight, thigh weight, liver weight, heart weight, gizzard weight and dressing percentage) studied were positively genetically correlated to pre-slaughter live weight. Phenotypic correlations between pre-slaughter live weight and other carcass traits followed the same trend as for genetic correlation. It was concluded that Japanese quail have high efficiency of meat production and indirect selection could be used to improve the carcass traits studied. Keywords: Japanese quail, carcass traits, Heritability, Genetic correlation.
Ethnobotanical evaluation of some plant resources in Northern part of Pakistan

An ethnobotanical study on the medicinal and economic plants of Malam Jabba valley, District Swat was conducted with the aims of documenting the inventory of medicinal plants, examinining the current status of the medicinal plants trade and investigating the linkages in the market chain starting from collectors to consumers. The survey reported 50 species of plants belonging to 33 families as ethnobotanically important. These species are used as drugs for treating diseases in traditional system of medicine. The detailed local uses, recipe preparation along with their local names and diseases treated were recorded for each species. Market survey revealed that the structure of medicinal plant trade is complex and heterogeneous, involving many players. The collectors are often not aware of the high market prices and medicinal values, and most of the collected material is sold to local middlemen at a very low price. There was an increase of 3 to 5 folds in prices from collectors to the national market. Training in sustainable harvesting and post harvesting of wild medicinal plant resource, trade monitoring, equitable sharing of benefits of wild resources, improved control on harvesting and trade for the conservation of resources, enhancement of cultivation efforts, future research into trade in wild harvested plants, community participation in natural resource management and value addition in the herbal products to maximize the benefits are recommended.
Removal of the lichen mat by reindeer enhances tree growth in a northern Scots pine forest

Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) lichen grazing enhanced Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growth in a northeastern Fennoscandian forest. Lichen mat removal by grazing in a previously ungrazed area increased soil versus air temperature coupling. This caused faster soil spring warming and higher soil temperatures during late spring and summer, which are related to an earlier start of and better growth conditions during the trees’ growing season. Tree growth was related to spring and summer climate during the study period, 1896–2001. Snowmelt date, and ultimately soil warming and start of the growing season, may have caused the relationships between tree growth and spring climate. A drop in July temperature and an increase in the spring signals were found and attributed to the “divergence problem,” a widespread weakening in the relationships between tree growth and summer temperature in northern latitudes observed in the late 20th century. Differences in the relationships between tree growth and climate were .
CARPAL ARTHRODESIS IN DOGS

SUMMARY Nine dogs, each with a severe carpal sprain injury, were treated by arthrodesis (2 bilateral). The same surgical technique with articular cartilage curettage, autologous bone grafting and compression plate fixation was used for each carpus. Initial treatment with external coaptation had been unsuccessful, but arthrodesis always resulted in resolution of the lameness. Complications included fracture of the compression plate (1 case) and loosening of the implants (2 cases).
Team performance in R&D alliances : a micro-level perspective

In this chapter we will explore the first research sub-question “What R&D alliance team context variables affect alliance team identification and, consequently, R&D alliance team performance? ” as introduced in Chapter 1. Our most important contribution is that we provide and empirically test an integrative and comprehensive model in which alliance team identification is put forward as a major microdeterminant of alliance team performance, acting as a core mediator of key contextual, macro-level determinants of R&D alliance performance. We open the black box of macro-alliance literature by building on social psychology literature and related intergroup studies that emphasize the importance of members’ identification with the alliance team as a whole. The Common In-group Identity Model (CIIM) (Gaertner and Dovidio, 2000) will be used as the theoretical underpinning to link the different macroand micro-approaches to alliance team performance in a unifying framework that explains why context is so important in affecting performance. By either emphasizing similarities or cooperative interaction we propose that cultural fit, task interdependence, shared goals and top management support are positively related to identification. In turn, we expect identification to positively affect alliance team performance. To test the hypotheses we use data from 36 real-life R&D alliance teams with a total of 319 respondents (i.e., team members, project leaders and alliance managers) selected from 31 R&D alliances made up by 59 organizations. We found alliance team identification to be positively related to effectiveness and creativity. In turn, cultural fit and task interdependence positively affect identification. In contrast, top management commitment of the partner-organizations is negatively related to identification.
Bifidobacterial Growth Stimulation by Lactobacillus casei via Whey Fermentation

Three-hundred bacterial isolates from a natural cheese were screened for the production of bifidobacterial growth factor by whey fermentation. Based on this screen, two whey samples fermented by strains designated as CJNU 0421 and CJNU 0588 were found to effectively stimulate the growth of a bifidobacterial strain, Bifidobacterium longum FI10564, by 1.6～1.7 fold compared to a control, in which non-fermented whey medium was added. The two isolates were identified to be Lactobacillus casei (99% identity) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and named Lactobacillus casei CJNU 0421 and CJNU 0588, respectively. The whey sample fermented by CJNU 0588 did not enhance the growth of other bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes, suggesting that the whey fermentation metabolites from the isolate could be used for the selective stimulation of bifidobacteria.
Relationship between maternal red cell index in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in Kunming

Objective To investigate the role of hemoglobin (Hb),red blood cell count (RBC) and hematocrit (HCT) during the first trimester in predicting the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the third trimester in nonanemic women in Kunming.Methods A prospective study was carried out.Routine blood tests were performed in 1189 nondiabetic singleton pregnant Chinese women at their initial prenatal healthcare before 14 gestational weeks in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 1,2008 to December 31,2009.They were divided into four groups by quartiles of Hb,RBC and HCT levels respectively.Differences of GDM incidence at the third trimester were compared among groups.Kollmogorov Smirnov test was used to detect normal distribution of Hb,RBC and HCT results.Differences between rates of groups were detected by Chi-square test.Independent risk factors of GDM were screened by Logistic regression analysis.Results The incidence of GDM at the third trimester increased as quartile categories of Hb,RBC and HCT ascended.The GDM incidence (13.1 ％,34/259) of ≥75th Hb group was higher than that of ＜ 25th group (5.9 ％,18/304,x2 =8.53,P＜ 0.0 1),25th ～ group (9.2 ％,30/326,x2=4.18,P＜0.05) and 50th～ group (9.3％,28/300,x2=3.96,P＜0.05). The GDM incidence (11.7 ％,34/290) of 50th～ RBC group (RBC≥4.44 × 1012/L) was higher than that of ＜25th group (6.3％,19/304,x2=5.30,P＜0.05),25th～ group (7.0％,21/298,x2 =3.93,P＜0.05); and the GDM incidence (12.1％,36/297) of ≥75th group was also higher than that of ＜25th group (6.3％,19/304,x2 =6.49,P＜0.05),25th～ group (7.0％,21/298,x2=3.85,P＜0.05). The GDM incidence of ＜25th HCT group (5.3％,16/303) was lower than that of 25th～ group (9.3％,29/311,x2=7.04,P＜0.01),50th～ group (10.8％,31/287,x2=3.93,P＜0.05) and ≥75th group (11.8％,34/288,x2=6.49,P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that Hb (OR=1.031,95％ CI:1.010-1.052),RBC (OR=2.286,95％CI:1.318-3.963) and HCT (OR=1.106,95％ CI:1.037-1.179) were independent risk factors of GDM (all P＜0.05). Conclusions High maternal Hb,RBC and HCT levels in the first trimester could be used in predicting GDM in pregnant women in Kunming area. Key words: Pregnant women; Hemaglobins; Erythrocyte count; Hematocrit; Diabetes,gestational
A New Approach for Treatment and Prevention of Recurrent Oral Lichen Planus: A Technical Report

1 Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, AND Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, AND Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 PhD, Nanotechnology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Specialist, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran