Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Importance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Systemic Autoimmune Disease

Objectives: To describe the frequency of COVID-19 and the effect of vaccination in patients with interstitial lung disease and systemic autoimmune disease (ILD-SAD) and to identify factors associated with infection and severity of COVID-19. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study of patients with ILD-SAD followed between June and October 2021. The main variable was COVID-19 infection confirmed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result for SARS-CoV-2. The secondary variables included severity of COVID-19, if the patient had to be admitted to hospital or died of the disease, and vaccination status. Other variables included clinical and treatment characteristics, pulmonary function and high-resolution computed tomography. Two logistic regression was performed to explore factors associated with “COVID-19” and “severe COVID-19”. Results: We included 176 patients with ILD-SAD: 105 (59.7%) had rheumatoid arthritis, 49 (27.8%) systemic sclerosis, and 22 (12.54%) inflammatory myopathies. We recorded 22/179 (12.5%) SARS-CoV-2 infections, 7/22 (31.8%) of them were severe and 3/22 (13.22%) died. As to the vaccination, 163/176 (92.6%) patients received the complete doses. The factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were FVC (OR (95% CI), 0.971 (0.946–0.989); p = 0.040), vaccination (OR (95% CI), 0.169 (0.030–0.570); p = 0.004), and rituximab (OR (95% CI), 3.490 (1.129–6.100); p = 0.029). The factors associated with severe COVID-19 were the protective effect of the vaccine (OR (95% CI), 0.024 (0.004–0.170); p < 0.001) and diabetes mellitus (OR (95% CI), 4.923 (1.508–19.097); p = 0.018). Conclusions: Around 13% of patients with ILD-SAD had SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was severe in approximately one-third. Most patients with severe infection were not fully vaccinated.
Polyethylenimine-Functionalized Nanofiber Nonwovens Electrospun from Cotton Cellulose for Wound Dressing with High Drug Loading and Sustained Release Properties

Electrospun cellulose nanofiber nonwovens have shown promise in wound dressing owing to the highly interconnected pore structure, high hydrophilicity coupled with other coveted characteristics of biodegradability, biocompatibility and renewability. However, electrospun cellulose wound dressings with loaded drugs for better wound healing have been rarely reported. In this study, a novel wound dressing with a high drug loading capacity and sustained drug release properties was successfully fabricated via electropinning of cellulose followed by polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalization. Remarkably, the grafted PEI chains on the surface of electrospun cellulose nanofibers provided numerous active amino groups, while the highly porous structure of nonwovens could be well retained after modification, which resulted in enhanced adsorption performance against the anionic drug of sodium salicylate (NaSA). More specifically, when immersed in 100 mg/L NaSA solution for 24 h, the as-prepared cellulose-PEI nonwoven displayed a multilayer adsorption behavior. And at the optimal pH of 3, a high drug loading capacity of 78 mg/g could be achieved, which was 20 times higher than that of pristine electrospun cellulose nonwoven. Furthermore, it was discovered that the NaSA-loaded cellulose-PEI could continuously release the drug for 12 h in simulated body fluid (SBF), indicating the versatility of cellulose-PEI as an advanced wound dressing with drug carrier functionalities.
Public Safety Personnel Family Resilience: A Narrative Review

The families of public safety personnel (PSP) face demands that are unique to these occupations. Nonstandard work, trauma exposure, and dangerous work environments affect both workers and the families who support them. This narrative review aims to identify the stressors that PSP families experience and the support and resources needed to enhance family resilience. Due to a lack of research on PSP families, this review is a necessary first step to summarizing and interpreting a diverse body of research. The studies included addressed structural and emotional work-family conflict with reference to PSP sectors. A framework from the military family resiliency literature interprets the findings. Factors influencing family functioning and the availability and accessibility of resources provide clues about the type of skills and supports that PSP families rely on. Meaning-making, collaboration, a sense of coherence, and communication were identified as themes associated with intrafamilial processes. Extrafamilial themes included public perceptions, a lack of recognition for the roles families fulfill, and the need for information and education. The results suggest that the vulnerability of PSP families is variable and extrafamilial resources in the form of formal and informal supports are necessary to enhance family resiliency.
Factors Associated with Motivation for General Medicine among Rural Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

General medicine, as the Japanese version of primary care or family medicine, is critical for healthcare in aging societies. Medical students’ perceptions of general medicine and education might be associated with changes in the number of general physicians. This study aimed to clarify the association between these perceptions and students’ preferences for general medicine. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Japanese medical students using a questionnaire on their perceptions regarding general medicine, background, and preferences for general medicine (knowledge, interest, motivation, and intention). The response rate was 70.3% (490/697). There was a large percentage gap between interest and motivation; therefore, a logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the cause of this difference. The perceptions that general medicine meets the needs of society and the lack of general medicine educators were positively associated with motivation to become a general physician. In contrast, perceptions of lack of exposure to general medicine beyond the curriculum and inaccessibility were negatively associated with motivation. Medical students’ motivation to pursue general medicine may increase with improvements in flexible general medicine education and accessibility. Future research should investigate the relationship between students’ perceptions of general medicine and their motivation to become general physicians through longitudinal studies.
The Benefits of Using Saccharose for Photocatalytic Water Disinfection

In this work, the characteristics of saccharose (sucrose)-modified TiO2 (C/TiO2) photocatalysts obtained using a hydrothermal method at low temperature (100 °C) are presented. The influence of C/TiO2 on survivability and enzyme activity (catalase and superoxide dismutase) of Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 29425) and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 49461) under UV-A and artificial solar light (ASL) were examined. The obtained TiO2-1%-S-100 photocatalysts were capable of total E. coli and S. epidermidis inactivation under ASL irradiation in less than 1 h. In addition, the impacts of sugars on the photocatalytic activity and disinfection performance are discussed.
A combination of monocular CCD camera and inertial-sensor for range estimation

The problem under consideration centers on building a three-dimensional description of the unprepared environment of an autonomous mobile robot. In an image sequence, tracking is to be performed after image rectification. This intermediate process minimizes the token relative displacements between two frames and simplifies the tracking phase, because it reduces the disparity between two relative tokens and thus simplifies the matching process. In this paper we present a new hybrid approach to range estimation that combine inertial and visual based technologies, this allows us to calculate the image-space distance between the robotic head and the edge lines of the 3D environment. Two frames from the image sequence obtained from passive target tracking system, moving CCD video camera, will represent a set of data with the output of the inertial tracking system, that report the relative changes of orientations and accelerations between the two frames. By integrating these data in our algorithm the image-space distances of different 3D points was estimated theoretically and experimentally.
Differentiate into Memory Cells Proliferate, Develop Effector Function, and Stimulate Naive CD8 T Cells In Vivo to Both Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Can

The generation of T cell immunity requires the acquisition and presentation of Ag on bone marrow-derived APCs. Dendritic cells (DC) are believed to be the most potent bone marrow-derived APCs, and the only ones that can stimulate naive T cells to productively respond to Ags. Because macrophages (M (cid:1) ) are bone marrow-derived APCs that are also found in tissues and lymphoid organs, can acquire and present Ag, and can express costimulatory molecules, we have investigated their potential to stimulate primary T cell responses in vivo. We ﬁnd that both injected M (cid:1) and DCs can migrate from peripheral tissues or blood into lymphoid organs. Moreover, injection of peptide-pulsed M (cid:1) or DCs into mice stimulates CD8 T cells to proliferate, express effector functions including cytokine production and cytolysis, and differentiate into long-lived memory cells. M (cid:1) and DCs stimulate T cells directly without requiring cross-presentation of Ag on host APCs. Therefore, more than one type of bone marrow-derived APC has the potential to prime T cell immunity. In contrast, another bone marrow-derived cell, the T lymphocyte, although capable of presenting Ag and homing to the T cell areas of lymphoid organs, is unable to stimulate primary responses. Because M (cid:1) can be very abundant cells, especially at sites of infection and inﬂammation, they have the potential to play an important role in immune surveillance and the initiation of T cell immunity. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 175: 2071– 2081. and subjected to statistical analysis. Signiﬁcant effects of condition and strains were evaluated using ANOVA for mixed models (SAS 9.1) by maximum likelihood cross tabulation (SPSS 12; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Differences in proportion of nonresponders were evaluated using Fisher’s exact test. Viral plaques assay data was subjected to the student’s t test using Excel software (Microsoft).
Resource management of opportunistic digital array radar antenna aperture for pattern synthesis

Due to the complex time-varying environments and the unknown target information, the uncertainty of target information is introduced into the echo signal. Owing to the uncertainty of target information, the number and operating modes of antenna array elements allocated for pattern synthesis are uncertain. Hence to reduce the influence of uncertainty of target information and save the antenna array elements, in the light of the uncertainty of the number and the distribution of the array elements in working state, a novel fuzzy random chance-constrained programming model of opportunistic digital array radar antenna aperture resource management is proposed. Moreover, this model can determine the information of radar target from the echo signal by reasonable resource management and allocation under the condition that the specified confidence levels are satisfied. Meanwhile, for solving the multi-object model, the fuzzy random simulation is integrated into fast and elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA_II) to compose a hybrid intelligent optimisation algorithm. Finally, two simulations are carried out to verify the validity of this model.
Pediatric acute liver failure: Reexamining key clinical features, current management, and research prospects

This review aims to synthesize the most updated research, outcomes, and trends in the field of pediatric liver transplantation (LT), specifically focusing on children who have suffered from acute liver failure. Pediatric acute liver failure is a dynamic, life‐threatening condition that can either self‐resolve or lead to death. LT is a lifesaving intervention. With the introduction of technical variant grafts and recent immunosuppression modifications, overall patient survival, graft survival, and waitlist mortality have improved. Furthermore, recent advances in the knowledge of immunologic mediators of acute liver failure offer the possibility of more detailed understanding of the pathophysiology and new areas for research. Given the success of living donor LT for pediatric patients with acute liver failure, this option should continue to be actively considered as an alternative treatment option for patients who are listed for transplantation and are managed at a multidisciplinary tertiary care transplant center.
Role of HER2 in Prognosis of Salivary Duct Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. These tumors frequently stain positive for HER2/ErbB2, but data on the prognostic significance of HER2 status in SDC are mixed. We sought to determine whether HER2 status affects survival outcomes in SDC.
Genomic landscape of microsatellite instability in Chinese tumors: A comparison of Chinese and TCGA cohorts

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is an important biomarker for predicting the response to immunotherapy and prognosis that mainly results from a defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system and strongly correlates with high tumor mutation burden (TMB). Herein, we developed a novel method that integrates MSI score, MMR mutation status and TMB level to identify MSI status from next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data. The novel method displays a sensitivity of 96.80%, a specificity of 99.96% and an overall accuracy of 99.89%, compared to current standards. Using our novel method, we analyzed 11 395 Chinese patients across 30 cancer types. High microsatellite instability (MSI‐H) was detected in 210 (1.84%) samples in 18 of 30 cancer types assessed. Mutations in ACVR2A (73%), KMT2D (68%), KMT2B (66%) and MMR‐related genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2) were enriched in MSI‐H samples. Furthermore, MSI‐H samples were more likely to have high TMB (P < .01), high PD‐L1 expression (P < .05) and more tumor‐infiltrating immune cells than microsatellite‐stable (MSS) samples. Compared to the TCGA patients, the prevalence of MSI‐H in the Chinese cohort was significantly lower in colorectal, gastric and pancreatic cancer, while significantly higher in urinary and prostate cancer. Mutations in ACVR2A (73% vs 28%, P < .01) and MMR‐related genes (51.4% vs 21.3%, P < .01) were significantly higher in the Chinese population. Thus, our study suggests the fraction of MSI‐H attributable to MMR inactivation mutations were lower in European than in Chinese patients, while the proportion of MSI‐H due to other events may be higher.
Deep Learning Applications in Surgery: Current Uses and Future Directions

Deep learning (DL) is a subset of machine learning that is rapidly gaining traction in surgical fields. Its tremendous capacity for powerful data-driven problem-solving has generated computational breakthroughs in many realms, with the fields of medicine and surgery becoming increasingly prominent avenues. Through its multi-layer architecture of interconnected neural networks, DL enables feature extraction and pattern recognition of highly complex and large-volume data. Across various surgical specialties, DL is being applied to optimize both preoperative planning and intraoperative performance in new and innovative ways. Surgeons are now able to integrate deep learning tools into their practice to improve patient safety and outcomes. Through this review, we explore the applications of deep learning in surgery and related subspecialties with an aim to shed light on the practical utilization of this technology in the present and near future.
The characteristics of population structure and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus suis serotype 8, a non-negligible pathotype.

Streptococcus suis, the leading causative agent of swine streptococcosis, is considered as a severe zoonotic and foodborne pathogen for humans. Characteristics of population structure and pathogenicity of S. suis vary significantly by serotypes. As one of the main pathogenic serotypes causing clinical disease in pigs, very little is known about the pathogenicity, population structure, and antimicrobial resistance of S. suis serotype 8 (SS8). In this study, the genome of 26 SS8 strains isolated from healthy and diseased pigs was sequenced. Together with 38 sequences from NCBI, we found that SS8 population was clustered into 12 sequence types (ST) and four minimum core genome (MCG) groups, linked to the geographical distribution. Noteworthily, ten strains belonged to MCG group 1 which was defined to possess the capacity to cause global outbreaks in our previous study. We found that 75% (9/12) of representative SS8 strains were virulent in mice and zebrafish, including all ST1241 strains. No virulence indicators were identified from 67 putative virulence-associated genes mainly identified among pathogenic serotype 2 strains. Instead, we found that the genotype of some of these genes was correlated to their evolution. All 26 isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant strains by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The high carrying rate of tetO and ermB, mainly disseminated by integrative mobilizable elements, contributed to the prevalent resistance phenotypes to macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines. These findings indicated that the pathogenic potential of SS8 cannot be ignored and provided valuable information for SS8 surveillance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Hormone-controlled cooperative binding of transcription factors drives synergistic induction of fasting-regulated genes

Abstract During fasting, hepatocytes produce glucose in response to hormonal signals. Glucagon and glucocorticoids are principal fasting hormones that cooperate in regulating glucose production via gluconeogenesis. However, how these hormone signals are integrated and interpreted to a biological output is unknown. Here, we use genome-wide profiling of gene expression, enhancer dynamics and transcription factor (TF) binding in primary mouse hepatocytes to uncover the mode of cooperation between glucagon and glucocorticoids. We found that compared to a single treatment with each hormone, a dual treatment directs hepatocytes to a pro-gluconeogenic gene program by synergistically inducing gluconeogenic genes. The cooperative mechanism driving synergistic gene expression is based on ‘assisted loading’ whereby a glucagon-activated TF (cAMP responsive element binding protein; CREB) leads to enhancer activation which facilitates binding of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) upon glucocorticoid stimulation. Glucagon does not only activate single enhancers but also activates enhancer clusters, thereby assisting the loading of GR also across enhancer units within the cluster. In summary, we show that cells integrate extracellular signals by an enhancer-specific mechanism: one hormone-activated TF activates enhancers, thereby assisting the loading of a TF stimulated by a second hormone, leading to synergistic gene induction and a tailored transcriptional response to fasting.
Prediction of birth weight in pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus using an artificial neural network

目的 建立一个预测妊娠期糖尿病新生儿出生体重的人工神经网络模型, 并评估其预测的准确性。 创新点 妊娠期糖尿病新生儿出生体重的预测十分重要, 但目前预测精度欠佳。 本研究利用大样本量的临床数据, 突破传统统计学方法, 应用机器学习建立了一个基于人工神经网络的预测模型, 其预测精度较传统方法有明显提升。 方法 收集2462名妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的临床数据, 其中80%的数据用于构建一个前馈神经网络模型, 并用反向传播算法和10折交叉验证法训练和优化;剩余20%的数据用于验证最终模型的性能, 并将其与传统方法进行比较。 结论 本研究构建的人工神经网络模型对妊娠期糖尿病新生儿出生体重具有较高的预测精度, 其预测能力优于传统方法, 不足之处则在于其仍有可能会低估高出生体重。
Flexural Properties and Hardness of CAD-CAM Denture Base Materials.

PURPOSE To compare flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness of CAD-CAM milled, 3D-printed, and heat-polymerized denture base resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 specimens were fabricated from heat-polymerized acrylic resin (HP), milled resin (Avadent and IvoCad), and 3D-printed resin (ASIGA, FormLabs, and NextDent). The specimens were divided into 6 groups according to the type of denture base material n = 20/material, (10/flexural properties and 10/hardness). Flexural strength and elastic modulus of the specimens were evaluated by 3-point bending test and surface hardness by Vickers hardness test. To test flexural properties, the specimens were fabricated according to ISO 20795-1:2013 standards (64×10×3.3 ±0.2 mm). The dimensions for hardness test were 15×10×2.5 ±0.2 mm. Scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the surface morphology of the fractured specimens. The means and standard deviations were calculated, followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Milled resins showed significantly higher values for flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness, followed by HP then 3D-printed resins (P<0.001). In between milled groups, flexural strength of AvaDent was significantly higher than IvoCad (P<0.001), while elastic modulus and hardness didn't show significant difference. In between 3D-printed resins, ASIGA showed the highest flexural strength and elastic modulus, insignificantly with FormLabs (P = 0.595) and significantly with NextDent (P = 0.008). ASIGA also showed significantly the highest hardness among the 3D-printed groups. No significant difference was found between FormLabs and NextDent flexural strength (P = 0.357), elastic modulus (P = 1.00) and surface hardness (P = 0.987). CONCLUSION CAD-CAM milled resins had greater flexural properties and hardness compared to heat-polymerized acrylic resin and 3D-printed resins. Although 3D-printed samples showed the lowest values of tested properties, the flexural strength and modulus were above the clinically acceptable values. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Retrospective analysis of ocular adverse events with Clobetasol

Psoriasis is a chronic autoinflammatory skin disease that affects 2% of the population worldwide. Psoriasis has various clinical manifestations, the most common one being plaque psoriasis. When it is untreated, the complications include chronic pain, bleeding, pruritus, and depression. The treatment of psoriasis is often determined by clinical severity of the lesions and the extent/percentage of the affected body surface. For mild-to-moderate psoriasis, high potency topical corticosteroids (TCS), vitamin D analogues, and phototherapy
Educational success in two Inner London boroughs: Lessons for the U.S.

One bright spot is London, where in recent years the academic performance of primary and secondary school pupils has improved dramatically since the late 1990s and now exceeds national averages. Strikingly, the improvement is largely attributable to the rapid achievement gains of low income students in the 13 boroughs of Inner London, the part of the city that features the greatest concentrations of low-income and ethnic minority students. This remarkably strong performance of London students was first highlighted in an article in the Financial Times (Cook, 2013) and has been dubbed the “London Effect. ”