Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parameters of DC high-speed circuit-breakers

DC high-speed circuit-breakers (HSCB) are the basic protection to cut off short-circuit and overload currents. People’s and railway infrastructure devices’ safety depend on their reliability and parameters. High-speed circuit-breakers, like any other electrical devices, display several electrical and mechanical characteristic parameters, which in many cases are interconnected. The article features these parameters of DC high-speed circuit-breakers that affect the operation safety of electric traction power supply systems. Moreover, it presents ways of their determination basing on laboratory and operational tests. Furthermore, requirements to be met directly and indirectly by DC high-speed circuit-breakers imposed by legal and standardization documents are described. Correlations between the breakers’ construction and their parameters are outlined. Basing on tests of leading European producers’ breakers, the article presents the impact of parameters of circuit where they are tested as regards HSCB parameters. It also deals with the problem of coordination of short-circuit protection and breaking currents of low values with respect to high-speed circuit-breakers used in Poland.
Evaluation of enablers of cloud technology to boost industry 4.0 adoption in the manufacturing micro, small and medium enterprises

Purpose Cloud technology is extremely critical for the continuing progress of Industry 4.0 and it helps in pooling centralized information for the business. Further, it offers a platform for collaboration for improving the performance of the industry. This paper aims to investigate the factors affecting the implementation of cloud technology for boosting Industry 4.0 adoption in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) of the manufacturing sector. Design/methodology/approach A total of 14 enablers were considered for the case study which were obtained from the literature survey and shortlisted by the experts of the domain (academia and industries). The interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach has been used as a methodology for exploring the relationships between the enablers. Matrices impact croises multiplication applique and classment (MICMAC) analysis has been carried out for the validation of the developed structural model. MICMAC analysis helps to identify driving power and dependency potential of all considered enablers. Findings The results of the investigation indicate that three factors, namely, system integration, project management and competitive pressure, were significant. These factors drive all other considered factors in the implementation process. Research limitations/implications The opinions of the experts from the industry and academia were analyzed for the development of the hierarchical model and these inputs could be biased. This investigation intends to help the decision makers in the effective adoption of the cloud and Industry 4.0 technologies and for the formulation of the efficient implementation policies. Originality/value The present study aims to focus on cloud technology as well as Industry 4.0 in the context of manufacturing MSMEs and none of the previous investigations analyzed the enablers that influence the adoption of cloud technology for boosting Industry 4.0, especially using the ISM approach.
Validation of spectral simulation tools for the prediction of indoor daylight exposure

A growing area of research focuses on the relationship between ocular light exposure and the non-visual responses. In order to accelerate research on this topic and improve building design, reliable spectral simulation tools are needed. This study aims at validating two of them, Lark and ALFA , by comparing their outcomes against daylight measurements. The goal is to assess how reliable these tools are in predicting spectral irradiance under different skies for indoor spaces. While spectral irradiance can in principle be simulated with a similar accuracy as for photopic values, there are some caveats in the current versions of both platforms.
The Impact of Basal Roughness on Inland Thwaites Glacier Sliding

Swath radar technology enables three‐dimensional mapping of modern glacier beds over large areas at resolutions that are higher than those typically used in ice‐flow models. These data may enable new understanding of processes at the ice‐bed interface. Here, we use two densely surveyed swath‐mapped topographies (<50 m2 resolution) of Thwaites Glacier to investigate the sensitivity of inferred basal friction proxies to bed roughness magnitude and orientation. Our work suggests that along‐flow roughness influences inferred friction more than transverse‐flow roughness, which agrees with analytic form‐drag sliding theory. Using our model results, we calculate the slip length (the ratio of internal shear to basal slip). We find excellent agreement between the numerically derived slip lengths and slip lengths predicted by analytic form‐drag sliding theory, which suggests that unresolved short wavelength bed roughness may control sliding in the Thwaites interior.
Maternal Immune Cell and Cytokine Profiles to Predict Cardiovascular Risk Six Months after Preeclampsia

Women who develop preeclampsia (PE) are at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early identification of women with PE who may benefit the most from early cardiovascular risk screening and interventions remains challenging. Our objective was to assess whether cytokine and immune cell profiles after PE are helpful in distinguishing women at low and high CVD risk at 6-months postpartum. Individuals who developed PE were followed for immune cell phenotyping and plasma cytokine quantification at delivery, at 3-months, and at 6-months postpartum. Lifetime CVD risk was assessed at 6-months postpartum, and the immune cell and cytokine profiles were compared between risk groups at each time point. Among 31 participants, 18 (58.1%) exhibited high CVD-risk profiles at 6-months postpartum. The proportion of circulating NK-cells was significantly lower in high-risk participants at delivery (p = 0.04). At 3-months postpartum, high-risk participants exhibited a lower proportion of FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells (p = 0.01), a greater proportion of CD8+ T cells (p = 0.02) and a lower CD4+:CD8+ ratio (p = 0.02). There were no differences in immune cell populations at 6-months postpartum. There were no differences in plasma cytokines levels between risk groups at any time point. Subtle differences in immune cell profiles may help distinguish individuals at low and high CVD risk in the early postpartum period and warrants further investigation.
Unique cessation tools in the box: Quitline utilization and effectiveness trends among a large sample of tobacco users reporting mental health disorders

It is estimated that the prevalence of smoking among adults with MHDs ranges between 40-60%, as compared to about 17% among those without an MHD. In addition, smokers with MHDs smoke more cigarettes, are more nicotine dependent, and experience more difficulty quitting, compared to other smokers. The uniquely high smoking prevalence among the MHD population is a serious public health concern; unfortunately, a majority of individuals experiencing difficulty receive no treatment. The US Public Health Service guidelines, as well as the National Cancer Institute, strongly recommend quitlines as an evidence-based treatment strategy to reduce barriers to cessation treatment, especially among smokers with MHDs; however, the literature is sparse on quitline engagement trends and associated outcomes for quitline participants with MHDs. This study sought to contribute to this gap with the largest sample to-date of MHD-endorsing tobacco quitline (Oklahoma Tobacco Helpline, OTH) participants. From 2015 to 2020, ~65,000 registrants (45-50% of total registered participants) with the OTH identified as having one or more MHDs in addition to their tobacco use. This study tested for the presence of significant differences between groups with and without MHDs (as well as within the MHD-identified group) on program enrollment selections, the intensity of engagement with chosen services, NRT utilization, and quit rates. It also tested for the existence of differences and moderating effects of demographic variables associated with the comparison groups. Statistically significant differences were found between these two groups with regard to: sex, age, racial identity, education level, annual income and insurance status. Significant differences were also found with tobacco use patterns reported by individuals (e.g., timing and daily use amounts). Differences in quitline program selection were demonstrated, such that the MHD-endorsing sample were more likely to participate and agree to the most robust service available. Significantly higher rates of service intensity (number of services engaged) were demonstrated, and MHD individuals were also significantly more likely to receive NRT as a part of their treatment. This study suggests a simplistic “more is better” quitline services approach may suffer in effectiveness because it neglects barriers common to this population. Important information is provided on these unique variables associated with MHD-endorsing individuals trying to quit their tobacco use. These results can help tobacco quitlines conceptualize the unique difficulties experienced by individuals with MHDs and then tailor their approach to respond supportively and constructively to this high need group.
New Estimates of Southern Ocean Annual Net Community Production Revealed by BGC‐Argo Floats

Using an expanding Southern Ocean fleet of biogeochemical Argo (BGC‐Argo) floats, we developed a novel approach to estimate annual net community production (ANCP) by integrating subsurface oxygen drawdown from all available BGC‐Argo oxygen profiles. Our results suggest that, on average, 14% of remineralization occurs between 500 and 1,000 m and 15% occurs between the euphotic depth and 100 m. Using the improved methodology, we estimated total basin‐integrated ANCP in the Southern Ocean to be 3.89 GT C year−1 suggesting a more important role for the Southern Ocean in regulating oceanic carbon storage, atmospheric CO2 exchange and climate than previously assumed.
Positional Deprivation and Support for Redistribution and Social Insurance in Europe

We argue that support for redistribution increases when one experiences “positional deprivation,” situations when one’s own income increases slower or decreases faster compared to that of others. This specific combination of economic suffering over-time and relative to others has effects beyond well-studied measures of suffering that are static and/or absolute in nature, such as income level. We empirically explore this hypothesis by using “objective-material” measures of positional deprivation derived from the Luxembourg Income Studies and the European Social Survey, and by using “subjective” measures derived from an original survey in 13 European countries. We find that those whose income growth is outpaced by the average and/or richest members of their country are more likely to support redistribution. We also find that the objective and subjective measures of positional deprivation are significantly correlated, and that positional deprivation’s fostering of support for redistribution holds above-and-beyond static and/or absolute measures of economic experience.
Horizontal Tourism Coopetition Strategy for Marketing Performance – Evidence From Theme Parks

Unprecedentedly impacted by COVID-19, tourism enterprises are pushed to adopt new strategic management to cope with the changes in tourists' consumer perception for sustainable development, such as corporate and compete simultaneously with their competitors. Our study aims to investigate the intermediate role of coopetition, including the three dimensions of resource similarity, market commonality, and willingness to cooperate in the marketing and performance relationships. Primary data on 360 observers were collected via questionnaire distribution to theme park managers in China with 85.3% accuracy in response rate. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to verify the intermediate effect of coopetition on marketing performance in tourism enterprises. The results of SEM indicate (1) the intermediate role of tourism coopetition, including the three dimensions existing in the relationship between tourism marketing and performance, (2) more significant positive impact on non-financial performance than that on financial performance, and (3) the mechanism of implementing coopetition. This study gives supportive evidence for tourism enterprises to implement coopetition and highlights the implications for appropriately developing coopetition strategies and tactics to achieve the synergy effect for the individual enterprises and the spillover effect for the destination regarding policy-making, mindset, and partner selection.
Plasma Transthyretin Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Regulation in a Chinese Population

Plasma transthyretin may be engaged in glucose regulation. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma transthyretin levels and the risk of newly diagnosed T2DM and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) in a Chinese population. We conducted a case-control study including 1244 newly diagnosed T2DM patients, 837 newly diagnosed IGR patients, and 1244 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) matched by sex and age. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate the independent association of plasma transthyretin concentrations with the risk of T2DM and IGR. Plasma transthyretin concentrations were significantly higher in T2DM and IGR patients compared with control subjects (p < 0.005). After multiple adjustment and comparison with the lowest quartile of plasma transthyretin concentrations, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of T2DM and IGR in the highest quartile were 2.22 (1.66, 2.98) and 2.29 (1.72, 3.05), respectively. Plasma transthyretin concentrations also showed a great performance in predicting the risk of T2DM (AUC: 0.76). Moreover, a potential nonlinear trend was observed. Our results demonstrated that higher plasma transthyretin concentrations, especially more than 290 mg/L, were associated with an increased risk of T2DM and IGR. Further studies are warranted to confirm our findings and elucidate the potential mechanisms.
Un théorème de Zariski du type de Lefschetz

© Gauthier-Villars (Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier), 1973, tous droits reserves. L’acces aux archives de la revue « Annales scientifiques de l’E.N. S. » (http://www. elsevier.com/locate/ansens), implique l’accord avec les conditions generales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/legal.php). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systematique est constitutive d’une infraction penale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la presente mention de copyright.
Role of Selenium and/or Vitamin E in Preventing Some Pre-and Post-Partum Problems in Dromedary She Camels

A total of 24 pregnant she camels were randomly assigned into four equal experimental groups, control group not supplemented with either selenium (Se) and/or vitamin E, organic selenium group was supplemented with 1.2g /camel for 75 days of organic selenium, Vitamin E group was received 4000 IU of α-tocopherol acetate/camel for 75 days, and selenium and vitamin E group was supplemented with vitamin E (1.2 g of organic Se + 4000 IU of α-tocopherol acetate/camel for 75 days. The supplementation was done at one month before calving at calving and one month after calving. Blood samples were collected at 4 weeks postpartum. Some blood biochemical parameters such as protein profile parameters and thyroid hormones. Oxidative stress parameters as Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. Results showed an increase in protein profile parameters in all treated groups than in the control one. Reduce activity of MDA in all treated groups. Meanwhile, there was a significant increase in both GPX activity and TAC postpartum in all treated groups compared to the control. A significant increase in the concentrations of triiodothyronine hormone (T3) in all treated groups compared to control ones.
Metapopulation Differential Co-Evolution of Trading Strategies in a Model Financial Market

This paper reports results from experiments using differential evolution (DE) in a high-fidelity simulation model of a contemporary financial market in which various traders are each simultaneously trying to adapt their own trading strategy to be as profitable as possible, given the distribution of strategies currently deployed at that time by other traders in the market. In our model, each trader maintains its own private local population of trading strategies, and uses DE to adaptively improve its strategies over time. Because all traders are simultaneously trying to adapt their strategies, and because the profitability of any one strategy at time $t$ can only be determined in reference to all other strategies also active in the market at time $t$, the system is co-evolutionary rather than simply evolutionary. Furthermore, the existence of multiple separate DE populations in the system (i.e., one local DE population for each trader) means that technically this is a co-evolutionary metapopulation system. Using DE in a co-evolutionary metapopulation context requires extension of the usual DE approaches used in less challenging applications, chief of which is the introduction of a mechanism to detect and actively prevent convergence within each local DE population. Results are presented which demonstrate that when all traders are using this nonconvergent DE, the overall economic efficiency (i.e., the sum of profitability over all traders) of the market is greatly higher than a baseline established when all traders were using a simple stochastic hill-climbing strategy optimizer instead of DE. Source-code for the experiments described in this paper has been released on GitHub as open-source, freely available for other researchers to use to replicate and extend the results presented here.
Tracking receptor motions at the plasma membrane reveals distinct effects of ligands on CCR5 dynamics depending on its dimerization status

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are present at the cell surface in different conformational and oligomeric states. However, how these states impact GPCRs biological function and therapeutic targeting remains incompletely known. Here, we investigated this issue in living cells for the CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), a major receptor in inflammation and the principal entry co-receptor for Human Immunodeficiency Viruses type 1 (HIV-1). We used TIRF microscopy and a statistical method to track and classify the motion of different receptor subpopulations. We showed a diversity of ligand-free forms of CCR5 at the cell surface constituted of various oligomeric states and exhibiting transient Brownian and restricted motions. These forms were stabilized differently by distinct ligands. In particular, agonist stimulation restricted the mobility of CCR5 and led to its clustering, a feature depending on β-arrestin, while inverse agonist stimulation exhibited the opposite effect. These results suggest a link between receptor activation and immobilization. Applied to HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins gp120, our quantitative analysis revealed agonist-like properties of gp120s. Distinct gp120s influenced CCR5 dynamics differently, suggesting that they stabilize different CCR5 conformations. Then, using a dimerization-compromized mutant, we showed that dimerization (i) impacts CCR5 precoupling to G proteins, (ii) is a pre-requisite for the immobilization and clustering of receptors upon activation, and (iii) regulates receptor endocytosis, thereby impacting the fate of activated receptors. This study demonstrates that tracking the dynamic behavior of a GPCR is an efficient way to link GPCR conformations to their functions, therefore improving the development of drugs targeting specific receptor conformations.
Cat–Owner Relationship and Cat Behaviour: Effects of the COVID-19 Confinement and Implications for Feline Management

Simple Summary The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the Italian COVID-19 lockdown on the cat-owner relationship and on cat behaviour. In order to do so, we used a questionnaire to obtain information on the owner and cat’s demographics, living environment, cat behaviour, and possible changes in some aspects of the cat-owner relationship. The questionnaire was distributed online when the lockdown was still ongoing and was completed by 548 cat owners, mainly women. Our findings suggest that the greater amount of time that owners spent at home with their cats, as a consequence of the social restrictions, had a positive effect on the owner’s perception of their relationship with their cat (e.g., higher frequency of interaction, greater emotional closeness, reduced perceived costs of caring for the cat). Similarly, the lockdown seemed to have improved the welfare of many cats, as suggested by the positive changes in many of their behaviours, even for those cats with pre-existing behavioural problems. Overall, our findings suggest that the lockdown provided many cats with a more thriving physical and social environment. They also highlight the need to reconsider some cat management practices commonly implemented in non-exceptional circumstances. Abstract The restrictive measures implemented to stem the spread of COVID-19 abruptly changed the lives of many cats and their owners. This study explored whether the lockdown in Italy affected the cat–owner relationship, as well as cat behaviour and welfare. A survey that included questions on owner and cat’s demographics, living environment, cat behaviour and a modified version of the Cat/Dog Relationship Scale (C/DORS) was distributed online during the lockdown and was completed by 548 cat owners, mainly women (81.6%). With regard to the C/DORS subscales, both emotional closeness and cat–owner interactions increased during confinement, as opposed to a reduction in perceived costs. The effect of the type of job, family role and owner’s age on the C/DORS scores suggests that the relationship improved for those owners that, due to the lockdown, increased the time spent with their cats. For 58.8% of respondents, their cat’s general behaviour did not change, but when changes occurred, they were mostly positive (20.4%). Attention-seeking and demanding behaviours were the most increased during lockdown (25.7%). Cats with pre-existing problematic behaviours tended to either remain stable or improve during confinement. The overall positive effects of lockdown-related environmental changes on a cat’s behaviour suggest that some aspects of commonly implemented cat management practices should be revised to improve cat welfare in normal circumstances.
Sexual Expression, Policies, and Practices in Skilled Nursing Settings Serving Older Adults: An Updated Assessment in the State of Kansas

Doll assessed sexual expressions, policies, and practices in Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs) in the state of Kansas. This study provided an updated and expanded assessment. A mixed-methods survey was distributed to administrators of all SNFs in the state of Kansas. Among 60 administrations, 84% reported any sexual expression among residents in their community within the past year and 55% reported expressions involving an individual with cognitive impairment. In response to sexual expressions, 70% of administrators believe staff would treat residents with dignity and respect and about 40% anticipated staff discomfort. About 40% of administrators reported having a policy related to sexual expression. Attitudes and responses of staff and administrators appear to be shifting in a sex-positive direction. While policies related to sexuality are more common than a decade ago, there is room for additional uptake, standardization, and infusion of person-centered language and practices.