Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparação dos perfis dos pacientes hipertensos atendidos em Pronto-Socorro e em tratamento ambulatorial

O estudo comparou 100 hipertensos atendidos no Pronto-socorro com 100 pacientes do Ambulatorio. Os hipertensos do Pronto-Socorro foram diferentes (p < 0,05) em relacao a: maior pressao arterial; menor renda salarial; maior consumo de bebida alcoolica; nao pertenciam a comunidade do hospital; descobriram ser hipertensos por sentirem-se mal; mediram menos a pressao; e deixaram de tomar mais medicamentos. A analise multivariada revelou diferencas significativas entre os dois grupos quanto a renda, ao local onde e medida a pressao e nao tomar os medicamentos. Concluiu-se que caracteristicas desfavoraveis podem contribuir para nao realizar o tratamento anti-hipertensivo, levando a atendimentos em unidades de emergencia.
Xylem Transcriptome Analysis in Contrasting Wood Phenotypes of Eucalyptus urophylla × tereticornis Hybrids

An investigation of the effects of two important post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, gene transcription and alternative splicing (AS), on the wood formation of Eucalyptusurophylla × tereticornis, an economic tree species widely planted in southern China, was carried out. We performed RNA-seq on E. urophylla × tereticornis hybrids with highly contrasting wood basic density (BD), cellulose content (CC), hemicellulose content (HC), and lignin content (LC). Signals of strong differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially spliced genes (DSGs) were detected in all four groups of wood properties, suggesting that gene transcription and selective splicing may have important regulatory roles in wood properties. We found that there was little overlap between DEGs and DSGs in groups of the same trait. Furthermore, the key DEGs and DSGs that were detected simultaneously in the four groups tended to be enriched in different Gene Ontology terms, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, and transcription factors. These results implied that regulation of gene transcription and AS is controlled by independent regulatory systems in wood formation. Lastly, we detected transcript levels of known wood biosynthetic genes and found that 79 genes encoding mainly enzymes or proteins such as UGT, LAC, CAD, and CESA may be involved in the positive or negative regulation of wood properties. This study reveals potential molecular mechanisms that may regulate wood formation and will contribute to the genetic improvement of Eucalyptus.
Hybrid Time Distributed CNN-transformer for Speech Emotion Recognition

: Due to the success of transformers in recent years, a growing number of researchers are using them in a variety of disciplines. Due to the attention mechanism, this revolutionary architecture was able to overcome some of the limitations associated with classic deep learning models. Nonetheless, despite their profitable structures, transformers have drawbacks. We introduce a novel hybrid architecture for Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) systems in this article that combines the benefits of transformers and other deep learning models.
A Methodology for Detecting Programming Languages in Stack Overflow Questions

: Stack Overflow (SO) is the pre-eminent source for knowledge sharing among developers. The Question-Answer (Q-A) site witnesses a heavy traffic with around 5000 questions being posted every day. Given this scenario, it has now become mandatory for users to provide at least one tag for their questions for better discussion. However, novice developers often incorrectly tag their questions which leads to down voting of the post and eventual loss of information. An automatic tag generation mechanism is therefore needed for associating the posts with their respective programming languages. In this work, we have presented a rule based approach for detecting programming languages in question titles. The rules are used to match specific patterns in question titles and generate programming language tags. We then compare the tags generated by our proposed model with the pre-existing tags provided by stack overflow in the dataset. Our model is able to predict languages with an accuracy of 87%. Additionally, our model can detect multiple programming languages in a post and also identify different versions of a language such Python 2.7, Python 3 etc. We further record interesting observations with respect to existing approaches.
Long-Term Treatment with Bortezomib Induces Specific Methylation Changes in Differentiated Neuronal Cells

Simple Summary We exposed LUHMES cells, differentiated into mature neurons, to bortezomib (BTZ) in two treatment cycles and analyzed the methylomes of these cells after each cycle, controlling the analysis for the methylation changes potentially induced by the long-term culture. Our results show that BTZ induces methylation changes that may affect cell morphogenesis, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. These changes are specifically enriched within transcription factor binding sites of EBF, PAX, DLX, LHX, and HNF family members, which have been shown to regulate neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation. We further show that the observed methylation changes are not present in the SH-SY5Y cells that we used to study mechanisms of development of BTZ resistance. Altogether, our results show that BTZ treatment induces very specific changes in the methylomes of neuronal cells. Abstract Bortezomib (BTZ) is proteasome inhibitor, effectively used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, but frequently discontinued due to peripheral neuropathy, which develops in patients after consecutive treatment cycles. The molecular mechanisms affected by BTZ in neuronal cells, which result in neuropathy, remain unknown. However, BTZ is unlikely to lead to permanent morphological nerve damage, because neuropathy reverses after discontinuation of treatment, and nerve cells have very limited renewal capacity. We have previously shown that BTZ induces methylation changes in SH-SY5Y cells, which take part in the development of treatment resistance. Here, we hypothesized that BTZ affects the methylomes of mature neurons, and these changes are associated with BTZ neurotoxicity. Thus, we studied methylomes of neuronal cells, differentiated from the LUHMES cell line, after cycles of treatment with BTZ. Our results show that BTZ induces specific methylation changes in mature neurons, which are not present in SH-SY5Y cells after BTZ treatment. These changes appear to affect genes involved in morphogenesis, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. Furthermore, identified methylation changes are significantly enriched within binding sites of transcription factors previously linked to neuron physiology, including EBF, PAX, DLX, LHX, and HNF family members. Altogether, our results indicate that methylation changes are likely to be involved in BTZ neurotoxicity.
Assessing Silicon-Mediated Growth Performances in Contrasting Rice Cultivars under Salt Stress

Silicon (Si) application has great potential to improve salt tolerance in a variety of crop plants. However, it is unclear how Si influences the responses of contrasting rice cultivars when exposed to excessive salt. Here, we investigated the functions of Si in alleviating the negative effects of salt stress on two contrasting rice cultivars, namely BRRI dhan48 (salt-sensitive) and Binadhan-10 (salt-tolerant). Rice seedlings was pre-treated with three doses of Si (as silicic acid; 0, 1 and 2 mM) for 14 days at one-day interval before being exposed to salt stress (10 dSm−1) in a sustained water bath system. The results demonstrated that the seedlings of BRRI dhan48 and Binadhan-10, respectively exhibited substantial reductions in shoot height (16 and 9%), shoot fresh weight (64 and 43%) and shoot dry weight (50 and 39%) under salinity. Intriguingly, BRRI dhan48 pre-treated with 1 and 2 mM Si, respectively, showed a higher increase in shoot height (SH) (by 25.90 and 26.08%) as compared with Binadhan-10 (by 3 and 8%) under salt stress compared with their respective controls. Data revealed that a comparatively higher improvement in the growth performances of the salt-induced Si pre-treated BRRI dhan48 than that of Binadhan-10. For example, 1 and 2 mM of Si treatments significantly attributed to elevated leaf relative water content (RWC) (13 and 22%), proline (138 and 165%), chlorophyll a (42 and 44%), chlorophyll b (91 and 72%), total chlorophyll (58 and 53%) and carotenoids (33 and 29%), and recovery in the reductions of electrolyte leakage (13 and 21%), malondialdehyde content (23 and 30%) and shoot Na+/K+ ratio (22 and 52%) in BRRI dhan48 compared with Si-untreated control plants under salt stress. In addition, we found salt-tolerant Binadhan-10 also had enhanced RWC (9 and 19%), proline (12 and 26%) with pre-treatment with 1 and 2 mM of Si, respectively, under salt stress, while no significant differences were noticed in the case of photosynthetic pigments and Na+/K+ ratio. Our results showed that Si supplementation potentiated higher salt-tolerance ability in the salt-sensitive BRRI dhan48 as compared with salt-tolerant Binadhan-10. Thus, Si application could be highly beneficial in the growth recovery of the salinity-affected salt-sensitive high yielding rice cultivars in the saline-prone areas.
Inter-Observer Repeatability of Indicators of Consciousness after Waterbath Stunning in Broiler Chickens

Simple Summary Waterbath stunning is intended to induce unconsciousness until death occurs due to bleeding in poultry. However, it is not always effective. For this reason, in order to protect their welfare, it is mandatory in the European Union that the state of consciousness of broiler chickens is monitored at the exit of the waterbath, and that they do not regain consciousness before death. Ineffectively stunned birds can be re-stunned using back-up methods to avoid unnecessary pain, stress and suffering. One of the main challenges in monitoring the state of consciousness in broiler chickens after waterbath stunning is the selection of animal-based indicators ensuring consistency among assessments. The indicators should be valid, feasible and repeatable. However, only the validity and feasibility have been reported. Thus, the main goal of this research was to assess the repeatability of the most valid and feasible indicators of the state of consciousness after waterbath stunning in broilers both before bleeding (tonic seizure, breathing, spontaneous blinking and vocalization) and during bleeding (wing flapping, breathing, spontaneous swallowing and head shaking). This study proposes a refined list of indicators that could be used to assess the consciousness of broiler chickens in commercial slaughterhouses. Abstract This study evaluated the prevalence and tested the inter-observer repeatability of the most valid and feasible animal-based indicators of the state of consciousness after waterbath stunning in broilers before bleeding (tonic seizure, breathing, spontaneous blinking and vocalization) and during bleeding (wing flapping, breathing, spontaneous swallowing and head shaking). In addition, correlations among them were computed to better understand their relationship and offer insights into the reliability of such indicators. This was aimed at proposing a refined list of indicators that could be used in commercial slaughterhouses to ensure consistent assessments. This study compared the assessments of three observers of 5241 broilers from 19 batches in six different slaughterhouses. Inter-observer repeatability was assessed through the combination of the crude percentage of agreement and the Fleiss’ kappa coefficient and interpretation. Before bleeding, the results led us to recommend assessing breathing over spontaneous blinking and vocalizations and to neglect tonic seizure in commercial conditions. During bleeding, the recommended indicators are breathing, wing flapping and head shaking while spontaneous swallowing can be neglected.
Can You Win Everything with A Lottery Ticket?

Lottery ticket hypothesis (LTH) has demonstrated to yield independently trainable and highly sparse neural networks (a.k.a. winning tickets ), whose test set accuracies can be surprisingly on par or even better than dense models. However, accuracy is far from the only evaluation metric, and perhaps not always the most important one. Hence it might be myopic to conclude that a sparse subnetwork can replace its dense counterpart, even if the accuracy is preserved. Spurred by that, we perform the first comprehensive assessment of lottery tickets from diverse aspects beyond test accuracy, including (i) generalization to distribution shifts, (ii) prediction uncertainty, (iii) interpretability, and (iv) geometry of loss landscapes. With extensive experiments across datasets {CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet}, model architectures, as well as seven sparsification methods, we thoroughly characterize the trade-off between model sparsity and the all-dimension model capabilities. We find that an appropriate sparsity (e.g., 20% ∼ 99 . 53%) can yield the winning ticket to perform comparably or even better in all above four aspects , although some aspects (generalization to certain distribution shifts, and uncertainty) appear more sensitive to the sparsification than others. We term it as a LTH-PASS . Overall, our results endorse choosing a good sparse subnetwork of a larger dense model, over directly training a small dense model of similar parameter counts. We hope that our study can offer more in-depth insights on pruning, for researchers and engineers who seek to incorporate sparse neural networks for user-facing deployments. Codes are available in https://github.com/VITA-Group/LTH-Pass .
Incorporating InSAR kinematics into rock glacier inventories: insights from 11 regions worldwide

Abstract. Rock glaciers are landforms related to permafrost creep that are sensitive to climate variability and change. Their spatial distribution and kinematic behaviour can be critical for managing water resources and geohazards in periglacial areas. Rock glaciers have been inventoried for decades worldwide, often without assessment of their kinematics. The availability of remote sensing data however makes the inclusion of kinematic information potentially feasible, but requires a common methodology in order to create homogeneous inventories. In this context, the International Permafrost Association (IPA) Action Group on rock glacier inventories and kinematics (2018–2023), with the support of the European Space Agency (ESA) Permafrost Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project, is defining standard guidelines for the inclusion of kinematic information within inventories. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of applying common rules proposed by the Action Group in 11 regions worldwide. Spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) was used to characterise identifiable moving areas related to rock glaciers, applying a manual and a semi-automated approach. Subsequently, these areas were used to assign kinematic information to rock glaciers in existing or newly compiled inventories. More than 5000 moving areas and more than 3600 rock glaciers were classified according to their kinematics. The method and the preliminary results were analysed. We identified drawbacks related to the intrinsic limitations of InSAR and to various applied strategies regarding the integration of non-moving rock glaciers in some investigated regions. This is the first internationally coordinated work that incorporates kinematic attributes within rock glacier inventories at a global scale. The results show the value of designing standardised inventorying procedures for periglacial geomorphology.
In vivo restoration and volumetric body mass estimate of Mammuthus meridionalis from Madonna della Strada (Scoppito, L’Aquila)

In this contribution we present an in vivo reconstruction and volumetric body mass estimate for the mounted skeleton of Mammuthus meridionalis on exhibit at the east bastion of the Spanish Fortress at L’Aquila (Abruzzo, Central Italy). The reconstruction has been obtained starting from a 3D photogrammetric model of the skeleton acquired via a micro-drones and by digitally adding a percentage of soft tissues according to the conditions observed in wild specimens. By applying to the volume the density range proposed in literature for extant proboscideans we obtain an estimate of the body mass in the adult male specimen ranging from 11.3 t to 11.5 t, with average body mass equal to 11.43 t. In addition, we compare the volumetric BM estimate with the BM predictive values obtained by means of traditional regression equations based on long bones linear dimension and shoulder height. The results confirm that the volumetric method is always preferable if sufficiently complete mounted skeletons are available, since application of regression formulas to single bony element can lead to an underestimation or overestimation up to 130%. As a general indication, weight estimates in extinct tetrapods based on single measures and single bones should be totally avoided, especially in groups morphologically and phylogenetically distant from extant reference taxa.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Lightning Activity over the Railway Network in Sri Lanka with Special Attention to the Proposed Suburban Railway Electrification Network

This study is oriented towards the investigation of the spatiotemporal variability of the lightning activity over the railway network in Sri Lanka using -lightning data from 1998 to 2014 that were downloaded from the database of Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) onboard NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The study has also been extended to study the lightning activity over the proposed suburban railway electrification network. GIS was used to conduct an annual and seasonal analysis of the railway network, which consists of nine major railway lines, to identify vulnerable stations and segments. The average annual lightning flash density over a 1447 km-long railway network of Sri Lanka varies between 5.08–16.58 flashes/(km2 year). The railway lines run across the western and southern regions of the country have been identified as being in areas with higher lightning activity. In comparison to other railway lines, the Kelani Valley line in the Colombo district and Colombo-Maradana to Polgahawela segment of the Mainline are particularly vulnerable to lightning activity. These areas have also been recognized as regions with higher population density. The proposed 102 km long railway electrification network in Sri Lanka is also within higher population density segments, with higher lightning flash density values between 10.55–16.53 flashes/(km2⋅year). As a result, to improve the operational efficiency of the proposed electrification network, a fully coordinated lightning protection system in accordance with the findings of this study is strongly suggested.
Dynamic pressure drag on rising buoyant thermals in a neutrally stable environment

This study examines dynamic pressure drag on rising dry buoyant thermals. A theoretical expression for drag coefficient Cd as a function of several other non-dimensional parameters governing thermal dynamics is derived based on combining the thermal momentum budget with the similarity theory of Scorer (1957). Using values for these non-dimensional parameters from previous studies, the theory suggests drag on thermals is small relative to that on solid spheres in laminar or turbulent flow. Two sets of numerical simulations of thermals in an unstratified, neutrally stable environment using a LES configuration of the Cloud Model 1 (CM1) are analyzed. One set has a relatively low effective Reynolds number Re and the other has an order of magnitude higher Re; these produce laminar and turbulent resolved-scale flows, respectively. Consistent with the theoretical Cd, the magnitude of drag is small in all simulations. However, whereas the laminar thermals have Cd ≈ 0.01, the turbulent thermals have weakly negative drag (Cd ≈ −0.1). This difference is explained by the laminar thermals having near vertical symmetry but the turbulent thermals exhibiting considerable vertical asymmetry of their azimuthally-averaged flows. In the laminar thermals, buoyancy rapidly becomes concentrated around the main centers of rotation located along the horizontal central axis, leading to expansion of thermals via baroclinic vorticity generation but doing little to break vertical symmetry of the flow. Vertical asymmetry of the azimuthally-averaged flow of turbulent thermals is attributed mainly to small-scale resolved eddies that are concentrated in the upper part of the thermals.
Implementing Patient Falls Education in Hospitals: A Mixed-Methods Trial

Patient education is key to preventing hospital falls yet is inconsistently implemented by health professionals. A mixed methods study was conducted involving a ward-based evaluation of patients receiving education from health professionals using a scripted conversation guide with a falls prevention brochure, followed by semi-structured qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of health professionals involved in delivering the intervention. Over five weeks, 37 patients consented to surveys (intervention n = 27; control n = 10). The quantitative evaluation showed that falls prevention education was not systematically implemented in the trial ward. Seven individual interviews were conducted with health professionals to understand the reasons why implementation failed. Perceived barriers included time constraints, limited interprofessional collaboration, and a lack of staff input into designing the research project and patient interventions. Perceived enablers included support from senior staff, consistent reinforcement of falls education by health professionals, and fostering patient empowerment and engagement. Recommended strategies to enhance implementation included ensuring processes were in place supporting health professional accountability, the inclusion of stakeholder input in designing the falls intervention and implementation processes, as well as leadership engagement in falls prevention education. Although health professionals play a key role in delivering evidence-based falls prevention education in hospitals, implementation can be compromised by staff capacity, capability, and opportunities for co-design with patients and researchers. Organisational buy-in to practice change facilitates the implementation of evidence-based falls prevention activities.
Positioning and Tracking of Multiple Humans Moving in Small Rooms Based on a One-Transmitter–Two-Receiver UWB Radar Configuration

The paper aims to propose a sequence of steps that will allow multi-person tracking with a single UWB radar equipped with the minimal antenna array needed for trilateration. Its localization accuracy is admittedly limited, but on the other hand, thoughtfully chosen placement of antennas can increase the detectability of several humans moving in their immediate vicinity and additionally decrease the computational complexity of the signal processing methods. It is shown that the UWB radar measuring with high rate and fine range resolution in conjunction with properly tuned processing parameters can continually track people even in the case when their radar echoes are crossing or merging. Emphasis is given to the simplified method of the time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation and association and the novel method needed for antenna height compensation. The performance of the proposed human tracking framework is evaluated for the experimental scenario with three people moving closely in a small room. A quantitative analysis of the estimated target tracks confirms the benefits of suggested high antenna placement and application of new signal processing methods in the form of decreasing the mean localization error and increasing the frequency of correct target position estimations.