Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Organophosphate Pesticides Exposure and Other Factors Associated with Neuropsychiatric Disorders among Rice Farmers: A Path Analysis Evidence from Sukoharjo, Central Java

Background: Pesticide is a cheap and effective subs­tance to eradicate pests, yet it has chronic effects, it causes neuropsychiatric disorders. Neu­ro­psychiatric disorders are associated with affect­tive, cognitive, and behavioral disorders. This study aims to analyze the effects of pesticide exposure and psychosocial determinants on neu­ropsychiatric disorders (depression and anxiety). Subjects and Method: This was a ret­ros­pective cohort study conducted in Sukoharjo, Cen­tral Java, Indonesia. A sample of 200 rice farmers was selected by fixed ex­posure sampling. The dependent variable was depression nd anxiety. The independent variables were organo­phos­phate pesticide exposure and psychosocial fac­tors. The neuropsychiatric disorders were mea­sured using DASS-42 questionnaires. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: Depression and anxiety were directly increased by high work stress (b= 0.29; 95% CI= 0.19 to 0.38; p< 0.001), depression his­tory of family members (b= 5.71; 95% CI= 3.16 to 8.26; p<0.001), grief and loss (b= 3.21; 95% CI= 0.99 to 5.42; p= 0.005), and past trauma (b= 4.08; 95% CI= 1.81 to 6.34; p<0.001). Depression and anxiety were indirectly affected by the organo­phosphate pesticide expo­sure, age through the use of personal protective equip­ment (PPE), and latest education through the use of PPE. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are directly increased by high work stress, depression his­tory of family members, grief and loss, and past trauma. Depression and anxiety are indirect­ly affected by the organo­phosphate pesticide expo­sure, age through the use of personal pro­tective equip­ment (PPE), and latest education through the use of PPE. Keyword s : Neuropsychiatry, organosphosphate pes­ticide exposure, and rice farmers Correspondence: Ayu Laela Fitriyani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ayu­lf030395@gmail.com. Mobile: +62857­96­33­39­86. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 05(02): 182-194 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020. 05.02. 06
The Protective Effect of Exogenous Putrescine in the Response of Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis) to Salt Stress

Camellia sinensis cultivars were treated with 5 mm putrescine (Put) under a range of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. Plant performance, as indicated by various indicators associated with plant growing condition such as photosynthetic parameters and polyamine (PA) contents, especially the content of Put, was improved by the treatment. The extent of both Na+ accumulation and K+ loss increased. The activity levels of the antioxidant enzymes related to salt stress, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase, were significantly altered with different salt stress levels and showed a decrease in the general trend. Besides, tea polyphenols, the tea quality indicator, increased during the salinity treatment but decreased when we applied Put. These findings suggest that treatment with Put might constitute an effective means for alleviating salinity stress–induced injury through its positive effect on photosynthetic efficiency and for controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability under appropriate salt stress levels.
Socioeconomic Factors Responsible for Obesity Hypertension among Bangladeshi Adults

s The analytical results presented here were the outcome of the information collected from 960 adults of ages 18 years and aboveliving in both urban and rural areas. These adults were investigated by some doctors and nurses from and nearby their working places using quota sampling plan with an objective of covering around 70percent diabetic adults so that sufficient obese and hypertension patients were included in the sample. Out of 960 adults 15.1 percent were suffering from hypertension. Among these adults of hypertension, 16.5 percent were obese. The level of obesity and prevalence of hypertension were significantly associated. Thus it was decided to identify the socioeconomic variables responsible for the sufferings of the adults simultaneously from obesity and hypertension. It was evident from the analytical results that age, marital status, physical inactivity, and involvement in sedentary activities were the responsible factors for the simultaneous sufferings of obesity and hypertension. These information were noted from the test of independence of obesity hypertension and socioeconomic variables. Besides these variables, gender, occupation, value of body mass index, and use of can food were also identified as the responsible factors for prevalence of obesity hypertension among the adults. These letter group of variables were identified by discriminant analysis. within
Variation in offspring development is driven more by weather and maternal condition than predation risk

1. Variation in offspring development is expected to be driven by constraints on resource allocation between growth and maintenance (e.g. thermoregulation). Rapid post-natal development decreases predation risk to offspring, while inclement weather likely prolongs development. For taxa with parental care, parental behaviour may partially buffer offspring against extrinsic drivers like predation risk and severe weather.
The influence of sex on the urogenital microbiome of rhesus monkeys

The vaginal microbiome of nonhuman primates (NHPs) differs substantially from humans in terms of Lactobacillus abundance, overall taxonomic diversity, and vaginal pH. Given these differences, it remains unclear in what way the NHP genital microbiome protects against pathogens, in particular sexually transmitted diseases. Considering the effect that microbiome variations can have on disease acquisition and outcome, we examined endogenous and exogenous factors that influence the urogenital microbiome of captive rhesus monkeys. The male urethral (n=37) and vaginal (n=194) microbiome of 11 breeding groups were examined in a cross-sectional study. During lactation and menstruation, the vaginal microbiome becomes significantly more diverse and more similar to the microbes observed in the male urethra. Group association and cage-mate (sexual partners) relationships were additionally associated with significant differences in the urogenital microbiome. Our results demonstrate that microbiome considerations are necessary in order to make informed selection of NHPs as translational animal models.
Polymorphism G-105A SEPS1 gene and mens’ infertility

Reproductive disorders in men are the cause of infertility of 30–40 % of infertile couples. The genetic factors play a great role in male infertility as they are detected in 15–30 % of men. The distributions of polymorphic variants of candidate genes relevant to male fertility in different populations are of great interest to explain the male idiopathic infertility. The aim of this study was to explore the association of the SEPS1 gene polymorphism G-105A (rs28665122) with pathospermia in infertile men in Moscow region. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect SEPS1 G-105A polymorphism in 26 cases and 24 controls. The results showed that the frequency of the minor allele A of geneSEPS1 is higher in men with pathospermia than in the control group of fertile men. Conclusion: The SEPS1 gene polymorphismG-105A is associated with idiopathic infertility in men with pathospermia and can be used to screen idiopathic infertility in men. can be considered a new genetic factor of the prognosis for men with infertility (reproductive disorders). The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of study the G-105A polymorphism of SEPS1 gene for the development of idiopathic infertility in men, for regarding reproductive potential for the patient and the selection of appropriate management.
High-Amylose Starches to Bridge the "Fiber Gap": Development, Structure, and Nutritional Functionality.

Although high-amylose starches are not a recent innovation, their popularity in recent years has been increasing due to their unique functional properties and enhanced nutritional values in food applications. While high-amylose maize, barley, and potato are commercially available, high-amylose variants of other main crops such as wheat and rice have once been developed more recently and will be available commercially in the near future. This review summarizes the development, structure, and nutritional functionality of high-amylose starches developed and reported so far. The range of biotechnological strategies utilized are reviewed, as are the consequent effects on structural properties at different length scales, as well as sensory aspects of foods containing high-amylose starch (HAS). This review identifies the molecular and microstructural features contributing to digestive enzyme resistance not only in native HAS but also in forms of relevance to food processing. During heat treatment, HAS tends to retain or form dense molecular structures that resist amylase degradation through the retention of the granular structure as well as helices (type-2 resistant starch [RS]), reassociation of glucan chains (type-3 RS), and formation of lipid-amylose complexes (type-5 RS). The review also identifies opportunities for food manufacturers and consumers to incorporate HAS in food products and diets for better nutritional outcomes.
The distribution and impact of fall army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on maize production in North Sumatera

Maize is the second most important cereal crop in the world after wheat, contributing substantially to the total cereal grain production in the world economy as a trade, food, feed, and industrial grain crop. The presence of S. frugiperda or Fall Armyworm (FAW) and climate change has affected the corn productivity in North Sumatra. The objective is to determine the distribution and impact of FAW on maize production in North Sumatra. The method used was a survey, observation, and interview farmers and extensions, also secondary data of the FAW attacked from the North Sumatra Food Crops and Horticulture Protection unit (January to August 2019). Sampling was done by simple random sampling with 30 respondents. Analysis data in the form of agronomic advantages and FAW distribution were mapped by overlaying the district administration map with the corn area that was attacked using ArcView GIS. The results showed that the heaviest attack in Karo District was 1,729.9 ha started at 25 days after planting until flowering. The effect of FAW is an increase in production costs by 4.2%, reduction production by 26.6% wherein labour is the highest cost production. Rainfall and wind speed factors have a positive and negative influence on the development of FAW in North Sumatra, early anticipation at the beginning of the plant growth period can reduce the impact on corn production and cost.
Comparative morphological, fruit anatomical and micromorphological studies of two Trinia species

Background and Aims: The aim of the present study was to review and compare the morphological, micromorphological, and anatomical characteristics between Trinia scabra Boiss. & Noe and T. glauca (L.) Dumort. Methods: The fruit micromorphologies were examined using scanning electron microscopy. For anatomical studies, the Paraffin method was used. Transverse sections were cut using a rotary microtome and then were stained with safranin. Results: Expanded descriptions, phenologies, geographic distributions, and photos of the T. scabra and T. glauca are provided and the differences between the two species are discussed. The morphological, micromorphological, and anatomical characteristics of T. glauca and T. scabra are presented. Fruit anatomy is the best discriminating characteristic between the two species, which is entirely different in each. There is one vallecular vitta and there are two commissural vittae in T. scabra, but one to three vallecular vittae and one to two commissural vittae in T. glauca. The vittae are relatively large in T. scabra but small in T. glauca. There are no sclerenchyma cells toward the end of the ribs in T. scabra although they are found toward the end of the ribs in T. glauca. Also, the presence of T. leiogona C.A. Mey in Turkey has been reported by Grossgeim in Flora Kavkaza and confirmed our study.
Single-cell profiling of tumor-reactive CD4+ T-cells reveals unexpected transcriptomic diversity

Most current tumor immunotherapy strategies leverage cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Despite evidence for clinical potential of CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), their functional diversity has limited our ability to harness their activity. To address this issue, we have used single-cell mRNA sequencing to analyze the response of CD4+ T cells specific for a defined recombinant tumor antigen, both in the tumor microenvironment and draining lymph nodes (dLN). Designing new computational approaches to characterize subpopulations, we identify TIL transcriptomic patterns strikingly distinct from those elicited by responses to infection, and dominated by diversity among T-bet-expressing T helper type 1 (Th1)-like cells. In contrast, the dLN response includes follicular helper (Tfh)-like cells but lacks Th1 cells. We identify a type I interferon-driven signature in Th1-like TILs, and show that it is found in human liver cancer and melanoma, in which it is negatively associated with response to checkpoint therapy. Our study unveils unsuspected differences between tumor and virus CD4+ T cell responses, and provides a proof-of-concept methodology to characterize tumor specific CD4+ T cell effector programs. Targeting these programs should help improve immunotherapy strategies. One Sentence Summary Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals novel and highly diverse transcriptomic patterns characteristic of CD4+ T cell responses to tumors.
Effects of short-term arsenic exposure in Arabidopsis thaliana: tolerance versus toxicity responses

The metalloid arsenic (As) is highly phytotoxic, in part due to the similarity of the arsenates to phosphates, but also due to its ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and in the form of arsenite directly interact with certain enzymes. Here we aimed to determine the effects of a short period of As exposure on Arabidopsis thaliana. Particular focus was given to shoot responses, which have received less attention in previous studies. A. thaliana (ecotype Col-0) plants (28-d-old) were cultivated hydroponically in the presence of 0, 27, 108, and 216 µM arsenic in the form of sodium arsenate for five days. Translocation of As from root to shoot increased with increasing As concentration in the medium and caused a reduction in growth. Photosynthesis was severely affected due to stomatal closure, increased ROS accumulation, and alterations in expression of genes involved in oxidative stress responses and As detoxification. Primary metabolism was also perturbed, suggesting both the direct inhibition of certain enzymes as well as active defensive responses. Overall the effects of As toxicity depended greatly on the degree of translocation from root to shoot and involved both direct effects on biological processes and secondary effects caused by the accumulation of ROS.
Solved and unsolved problems of near–threshold spectroscopy of N2 and CO

Rotationally resolved jet absorption studies of N2 at 800–850 Å have led to detailed identifications of the electronic structures associated with low–J rovibrational thresholds of ground–state N2. Of particular interest is a series of perturbed f complexes that interact with core–excited Rydberg levels and, possibly, with the b′ valence state. The latter assumes the role of a core–excited Rydberg state at high energies and small internuclear distances. A similarly complete picture of the Rydberg structure of CO is still lacking. The interpretation of ℓ–uncoupling effects and, thus, the identification of Rydberg complexes is difficult owing to widespread perturbations by non–Rydberg levels. Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the ∑–∑ Rydberg–valence interactions, but few hard facts have emerged concerning the ∏–∏ interactions where the analysis proceeds in the near–total absence of guidance by theoretical calculations.
PENGARUH SAFETY INDUCTION, REWARD, AND PUNISHMENT TERHADAP KEDISIPLINAN K3

Masalah keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja secara umum di Indonesia masih sering terabaikan, hal tersebut ditunjukan dengan meningkatnya angka kecelakaan kerja setiap tahunnya, penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Kedisiplinan K3 pada Proyek Pembangunan Menara USM. Kedisiplinan K3 pada Proyek Pembangunan Menara USM dapat diketahui dengan cara mengidentifikasi Safety Induction, Reward, and Punishment. Penelitian ini mendiskripsikan dan menganalisis kebijakan Safety Induction, Reward, and Punishment yang selama ini diterapkan di Proyek Pembangunan Menara USM. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan menggunakan kuantitatif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner, dan metode analisis yang digunakan adalah SPSS 21. Pelaksanaan K3 pada Proyek Pembangunan Menara USM dapat terlihat dari adanya aturan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja, adanya kesadaran karyawan untuk melaksanakan aturan yang ada, alat pelindung diri sudah menjadi bagian wajib dari pekerjaan karyawan. Konsultan mempunyai kebijakan Safety Induction, Reward, and Punishment terkait dengan penerapan K3 di perusahaan. Penentuan Safety Induction, Reward, and Punishment terkait dengan K3 ini melibatkan divisi HSE. Divisi HSE bertugas untuk memberikan penilaian terhadap praktek K3 yang sudah dilakukan oleh karyawan setiap bulan, kemudian hasil penilaian ini yang akan menentukan jenis reward dan punishment yang akan diberikan kepada pekerja. Kata kunci : Safety induction, Reward, Punishment, Kedisiplinan K3
Diversity Estimation and Antimicrobial Activity of Culturable Endophytic Fungi from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. in China

Endophytes are important components of forest ecosystems, and have potential use in the development of medical drugs and the conservation of wild medicinal plants. This study aimed to examine the diversity and antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi from a medicinal plant, Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. The results showed that a total of 970 isolates were obtained from root, stem, leaf, and fruit segments of L. cubeba. All the fungal endophytes belonged to the phylum Ascomycota and could be classified into three taxonomic classes, nine orders, twelve families, and seventeen genera. SF15 (Colletotrichum boninense) was the dominant species in L. cubeba. Leaves harbored a greater number of fungal endophytes but lower diversity, while roots harbored the maximum species diversity of endophytic fungi. For the antimicrobial activities, seventeen isolates could inhibit the growth of plant pathogenic fungi, while the extracts of six endophytes showed antimicrobial activity to all the tested pathogenic fungi. Among these endophytes, SF22 (Chaetomium globosum) and SF14 (Penicillium minioluteum) were particularly effective in inhibiting seven plant pathogenic fungi growths and could be further explored for their potential use in biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture.
Aqueous extract of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury via regulation of TLR4/NF-ΚB pathway

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effect of aqueous extract of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux (AEACD) on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), as well as explore the underlying mechanism of action. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were treated with AEACD by gavage (4.0 g/kg/day) for 5 days before cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) challenge. After 24 h, the pathological morphology of lung tissue and the biochemical parameters in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by H&E staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the total protein content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level of BALF, as well as the oxidative biomarkers (malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD)) were evaluated in the lung homogenates by ELISA assay. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6, in lung tissue were measured by qRT-PCR or ELISA. Finally, key proteins in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in lung tissue were evaluated by western blot. Results: CLP challenge induced abnormal changes in the histological structures of lung tissue, lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio, protein content and LDH levels of BALF, which were remarkably reversed by AEACD. In addition, AEACD decreased MDA levels, and increased GSH levels and SOD activity in the lung tissue of CLP–treated mice (p < 0.05). Furthermore, AEACD attenuated the CLP challengeinduced upregulation of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6. Finally, AEACD inactivated TLR4/NF-κB pathway by upregulating IκBα and downregulating TLR4 and phosphorylated-p65 levels. Conclusion: AEACD administration protects mice against sepsis-induced ALI through the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in lung tissues. The underlying mechanism occurs by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Keywords: Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux, Acute lung injury, Sepsis, TLR4, NF-κB
Effect of storage on proximate composition of some horticultural produce in the evaporative coolant.

*Corresponding Address: Iwuagwu CC chrisiwuag@yahoo.com A total of eighteen evaporative coolants were used for the storage. The experiment consisted of two factors –water quality and air movement were studied. The water quality was in two levels which include open stream, tap water and disinfected water, and air movement was in two levels namely; natural air movement and enhance air movement . Five horticultural produces which include three leaf vegetables(Telfairia spp, Celosia spp and Amaranthus spp) and two fruit vegetables (Tomato and Okra) were stored in the experiment. Each produce was stored at a time. Data collected include visual qualitiesfreshness, colour and length of storage. Also collected were temperature and humidity of evaporative coolants and the ambient, incidence, frequency and severity of disease. The result showed that shelf-life of leaf vegetables (freshness, colour) was extended appreciably compared to those kept on laboratory benches. Telfairia, Amaranthus and Celosia shelf-life was extended from 2 days to 5, 8 and 6 days, respectively. Furthermore, Okra and Tomato kept on the benches were durable for 2 weeks and 8 days, respectively, while those in the evaporative coolants lasted for 8 and 4 days, respectively.