Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drug Interactions in Autoimmune Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

One of the factors that influence the success of therapy in autoimmune diseases such as SLE is the interaction of drugs with other active compounds. Several studies have stated that there are drug interactions with drugs or with other active compounds such as herbs which can support therapy or inhibit the effects of drug therapy. This review aims to investigate drug interactions in autoimmune diseases with a focus on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The method used is a systematic review with literature sources in the form of international journals or research articles, and 31 articles met the inclusion criteria. There is evidence of interactions between drugs for the treatment of SLE, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants. In addition, results were obtained regarding the interaction of SLE therapy with herbal plants such as Cecendet or Physalis angulata L, horsetail, and fertilizing plants such as Manjakani, Kacip Fatimah, Chlorophyll, and Spirulina as well as interactions between drugs in both SLE therapies with other types of SLE drugs and with herbal medicine, these interactions can support or hinder the therapeutic effect of the drug
Empirical Analysis of African Aubergine (Solanum gilo) – Marketing and Income Disparity among Traders in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

African Aubergine is an indigenous tropical crop cultivated in Nigeria. Agricultural marketing creates incentives that accelerate the promotion of further production and consumption of harvested produce. Therefore, this study analysed African Aubergine marketing and income disparity among traders in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Primary data collected via multistage sampling from ninety-five (95) respondents was analysed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin and efficiency analysis, Ordinary Least Square regression and Gini Coefficient index. The results show that the mean age, years spent in school, household size, trading experience and quantity of bags sold were 37 years, 8 years, 7 people, 9 years and 8 bags per month, respectively. The estimated marketing margin and efficiency index were ₦1,250 and 0.36, respectively. The estimated coefficients of Ordinary Least Square regression (R2) were 0.773. Thus, the variables (marketing experience, cost price, quantity sold and marketing cost) in the regression model accounted for 77% of the variation in the marketing margin of African Aubergine traders in the study area. The estimated Gini Coefficient was 0.59, indicating a moderate level of income disparity (inequality) in the sales income of the respondents. Several marketing constraints were observed in the study area. Therefore, this study recommends improved credit access and market information dissemination, commodity cost subsidisation, storage technology adoption, market infrastructure development and interventions, commodity price control and policy modification that regulates market activities.
Where do Auditors Seek Advice? Perspectives from Social Status and Social Capital

This paper examines the contributing factors of auditors’ advice seeking behaviors, using an egocentric network design that is typical in social network analysis. Drawing theoretical framework from emergence of advice network, we identify two important mechanisms for advice seeking, i.e., social status and social capital. By operationalizing the egocentric network in a multilevel analysis, we find that, across the board, auditors seek more advice from advisors with higher status, and seek less advice from advisors with lower status. This result provides evidence for social status. However, we find that as social capital increases, auditors also increasingly seek advice from advisors with lower status. Taken together, our results provide support for the external validity of the theoretical framework on the emergence of advice networks: although social status plays an important role that could potentially hinder mutual knowledge sharing, social capital can mitigate this effect. Our findings have important implications for audit firms to design effective and efficient audit teams.
Epicardial fat volume and its association with cardiac arrhythmias in CT coronary angiography

Purpose This retrospective study aimed to investigate the epicardial fat volume in cardiac computed tomography (CT), its relationship with cardiac arrhythmias, and its correlation with the coronary artery disease reporting and data system (CAD-RADS) score. Material and methods Ninety-six patients who underwent CT coronary angiography (CTCA) were included in this study. Patient data, including demographic information, clinical history, and imaging data were collected retrospectively. Epicardial fat volume was quantified using a standardised algorithm, the CAD-RADS scoring system was applied to assess the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD). Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and receiver operating characteristics methods were used. Results The study found a significant correlation between epicardial fat volume and CAD-RADS score (r2 = 0.31; p < 0.001), indicating the known influence of epicardial fat on CAD risk. Moreover, patients with higher epicardial fat volumes were more likely to experience cardiac tachyarrhythmia (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis established a threshold value of 123 cm3 for epicardial fat volume to predict tachyarrhythmia with 80% sensitivity (AUC = 0.69). Conclusions In this study a volume of at least 123 cm3 epicardial fat in native coronary calcium scans is associated with cardiac tachyarrhythmia. In these patients, careful selection of suitable imaging protocols is advised.
Geographies of conservation II: Technology, surveillance and conservation by algorithm

The wide range of wildlife tracking and surveillance technologies (radio and satellite tracking, cameras, and audio) that are being deployed in conservation have important implications for a geographical understanding of care for non-human nature. This report explores four dimensions of their influence. First, their detailed view of spatial dimensions of non-human lives affects conservation’s demarcation and control of space. Second, the application of surveillance technologies to people is central to the rise of coercive conservation strategies. Third, such technologies enable the creation and commoditization of spectacular nature. Fourth, spatial digital data enables the automation of conservation decisions, a trend described here as ‘conservation by algorithm’.
Polycentricity of the Settlement System - Example of an Urban Network in Poland

: Purpose: The article had two purposes. The first was to present the settlement structure in Poland with a special focus on cities, and the second was to compare the classification of cities in Poland as presented in planning documents at different levels with the classification of cities based on population in 2020. Design/Methodology/Approach: The characterisation of the settlement structure was based on an analysis of statistical data published by the Central Statistical Office on the number of settlement units and the population of cities. The statistics used represent the situation at the end of 2020. The planning documents were examined in terms of the urban classifications they contain. The research by T. Bocheński (2021) on cities performing the functions of regional and sub-regional centres was very helpful. Findings: The study confirms that Poland has a polycentric settlement network structure. It consisted of 43053 villages and 944 cities. Among the cities there were centres of various sizes and ranks, including metropolitan, regional, and subregional centres. The cities included centres of different sizes and ranks. The paper uses the division of cities into six classes of centres: metropolitan, supra-regional, regional, sub-regional, supra-local and local. Practical Implications: The research shows the polycentricity of the Polish settlement network. This type of settlement pattern is beneficial in the pursuit of sustainable national development. It has a positive impact on residents' access to services and reduces the need for transport. Originality/Value: The article presents the results of own desk research and analysis of official statistics. The paper analyses the settlement structure of Poland and classifies cities based on their population and their position in the settlement system. In addition, classifications of cities contained in planning documents at different levels are presented: European, national, and regional.
CA9, CYFIP2 and LGALS3BP—A Novel Biomarker Panel to Aid Prognostication in Glioma

Simple Summary Glioma is a deadly disease with few treatment options. Early detection of recurrence and progression will help in the clinical management of glioma patients. Biomarkers or molecules that can accurately predict clinical outcomes are becoming extremely important. This study aimed to identify biomarkers of progression and overall survival in glioma. A three-protein panel that could accurately distinguish between long and short survival was identified. Incorporating such biomarkers into clinical practice could significantly aid clinical management. Abstract Brain cancer is a devastating and life-changing disease. Biomarkers are becoming increasingly important in addressing clinical issues, including in monitoring tumour progression and assessing survival and treatment response. The goal of this study was to identify prognostic biomarkers associated with glioma progression. Discovery proteomic analysis was performed on a small cohort of astrocytomas that were diagnosed as low-grade and recurred at a higher grade. Six proteins were chosen to be validated further in a larger cohort. Three proteins, CA9, CYFIP2, and LGALS3BP, were found to be associated with glioma progression and, in univariate analysis, could be used as prognostic markers. However, according to the results of multivariate analysis, these did not remain significant. These three proteins were then combined into a three-protein panel. This panel had a specificity and sensitivity of 0.7459 for distinguishing between long and short survival. In silico data confirmed the prognostic significance of this panel.
Hyperspectral and Microtomographic Analyses to Evaluate the Stability of Quercetin and Calcium Effervescent Tablets Exposed to Heat and Ultraviolet Radiation

This study aimed to assess the changes occurring during the storage of tablets of three effervescent preparations available in Polish pharmacies containing calcium and quercetin from various manufacturers under stressful conditions (45 °C, UV radiation) using a hyperspectral Specim IQ camera (Finland), X-ray microtomography (Germany), and selected pharmacopoeial parameters. All measurements were made three times at the beginning of the experiment (day 0) and then on days 3 and 10. In general, for all analyzed preparations, the values of reflectance (within a range from visible light to near-infrared) were significantly higher on day 0 than after 10 days of heat and UV (p < 0.001 each). The hardness of the tablets of all analysed preparations was higher on days 3 and 10 compared to day 0. Significant differences were found in the density of the internal structure of the tested preparations (p < 0.001), but in Preparations 1 and 2 on day 10, the density was higher compared to the initial density. In contrast, the porosity was lower on day 10 than on day 0 for Preparations 1 and 2, while in Preparation 3, it remained the same. In conclusion, lower reflectance values indicate that more light passes through/into the tablet, and the increase in density and decrease in porosity may indicate changes in the microstructure of the tablets.
A Critical Review of the Inheritance of Mitochondrial DNA in Humans

The dogma of mitochondrial inheritance states that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited solely down the maternal line. Traditionally, the elimination of paternal mtDNA happens through various mechanisms. Elimination mechanisms such as autophagy degradation or endonuclease G (EndoG) degradation have been widely studied in model organisms, while ubiquitin-mediated elimination has been identified in mammals and humans. Despite the existence of several research papers that support maternal inheritance, a controversial 2018 research paper by Luo et al. counters this longstanding dogma and proposes biparental inheritance of mtDNA. Since its publication, multiple studies have tried to justify this transmission through nuclear-mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs) or nuclear mtDNA concatemers (mega-NUMTs). It has been established that the phenomenon of biparental inheritance is not frequent since maternal inheritance entirely dominates over paternal transmission in the evolutionary timescale. This review explores the research linked with mitochondrial elimination and mitochondrial transmission, showing that further research is required to thoroughly understand this area of genetics.
Nonlinear strain distribution in a field-instrumented concrete pavement slab in response to environmental effects

For curling and warping analysis of a concrete pavement slab, the strain along the slab depth is normally assumed to be distributed linearly, and a plane section is assumed to remain a plane after deformation. However, as concrete is a viscoelastic material, the strain distribution in a concrete slab might not be linear. This study measured the development of temperature and strain at different depths in a field-instrumented concrete pavement slab starting from 12 h after construction. The nonlinear distribution characteristics of temperature and strain along the slab depth were evaluated at the slab corner and centre. The measurements indicated that both the temperature and the strain were nonlinearly distributed along the slab depth. The nonlinear distribution, particularly that of the strain, was more severe at the slab corner than at the slab centre. A method is proposed herein for quantifying the magnitude of drying shrinkage due to external drying along the slab depth.
Melt Impregnation of Mantle Peridotite Facilitates High‐Temperature Hydration and Mechanical Weakening: Implications for Oceanic Detachment Faults

The footwalls of oceanic detachment faults commonly expose shear zone rocks that appear to have compositions intermediate between those of mantle peridotite and magmatic rocks. These compositions either reflect metasomatic mass transfers or they relate to the impregnation of lithospheric mantle with basaltic or more evolved melts. We studied chlorite‐amphibole‐rich shear zone rocks from a detachment fault zone in the 15°20′N Fracture Zone area, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, to examine their origin and role in strain localization. Geochemical compositions of these rocks imply that they formed by mixing between peridotite and gabbro. Textural observations indicate a strong contrast between the deformation intensity of these hybrid peridotite‐gabbro rocks and the host serpentinized peridotite. Geothermometry data give formation temperatures of >500 °C for synkinematic amphibole, zircon, rutile, and titanite. Chlorite appears intergrown with these phases and likely grew at similar temperatures. These results are compliant to thermodynamic computations that predict comparable mechanically weak mineralogies when hydrating hybrid rocks at 500 to 600 °C, whereas secondary assemblages after pure peridotite or gabbro are considerably stronger. Consequently, metamorphic weakening takes place to a much greater extent in rocks with a hybrid ultramafic–mafic composition than in purely ultramafic or gabbroic lithologies. Deformation may enhance fluid flow, which will in turn increase the extent of hydration and mechanical weakening. A positive feedback loop between hydration and strain localization may hence develop and facilitate the concentration of extensional tectonics into long‐lived, high‐displacement faults. We suggest that hybrid lithologies may play a key role in detachment faulting at slow spreading ridges worldwide.
Analysis Of The Effect Of Financial Ratios On Financial Performance In Food And Baverage Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange In 2017-2021

Food and Baverage companies are one of the manufacturing industry companies, which have a role in economic growth in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of financial ratios on financial performance in food and baverage companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2017-2021. this research uses quantitative descriptive research, sampling technique with purposive sampling. liquidity ratio has a negative and insignificant effect on financial performance. Profitability ratio has a negative and insignificant effect on financial performance. Solvency ratio has a positive and insignificant effect on financial performance. Activity ratio has a negative and insignificant effect on financial performance. Liquidity, profitability, solvency and activity ratios together have a positive and significant effect on financial performance.
Cellulose Nanofibrils-Reinforced Pectin Membranes for the Adsorption of Cationic Dyes from a Model Solution

In the presented research, a facile, one-step method for the fabrication of cellulose nanofibrils/pectin (CNFs/PC) membranes is described, which were tested further for their ability to remove cationic dyes from the prepared model solutions. For this purpose, ten membranes were prepared with different quantities of CNFs and PC with/without citric acid (CA) or CaCl2 as mediated crosslinking agents, and they were characterised comprehensively in terms of their physical, chemical, and hydrophilic properties. All the prepared CNFs/PC membranes were hydrophilic with a Water Contact Angle (WCA) from 51.23° (without crosslinker) up to 78.30° (CaCl2) and swelling of up to 485% (without crosslinker), up to 437% (CaCl2) and up to 270% (CA). The stability of membranes was decreased with the increase in PC; thus, only four membranes (M1, M2, M3 and M5) were stable enough in water after 24 h, and these were additionally applied in the adsorption trials, using two structurally different cationic dyes, i.e., C.I. Basic Yellow 28 (BY28) and C.I. Basic Blue 22 (BB22), in four concentrations. The highest total surface charge of M3 (2.83 mmol/g) as compared to the other membranes influenced the maximal removal efficiency of both dyes, up to 37% (BY28) and up to 71% (BB22), depending on the initial dye concentration. The final characteristics of the membranes and, consequently, the dye’s absorption ability could be tuned easily by changing the ratio between the CNFs and PC, as well as the type and amount of crosslinker.
The Effect of Role Stress on Burnout in IT Support

The widespread digitalization in society has resulted in technological advances in various fields growing rapidly so the number of workers in the field of Information and Communication Technology is increasing. However, it cannot be denied that the burden and demands of work in the IT field are very heavy and might cause burnout. The research aims to find out whether there is an influence of the multidimensional construct of role stress on burnout in IT Support workers. This research uses a quantitative correlational approach using simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression. 140 IT support workers aged 21 – 35 years who had experience in the IT field for at least 1 year participated in this study. The result of this study revealed that there is a positive and significant influence on the role of stress on burnout. The role ambiguity and role overflow dimensions have a positive effect on burnout, but the role conflict dimension does not affect burnout.
Turning Points in Professional Commitment Development: The Case of Novice Nurses

We investigated the development of professional commitment over time and its relation to work experiences of novice nurses. We used a longitudinal mixed-method approach based on weekly reported quantitative commitment scores and qualitative descriptions of experiences. Specifically, we examined turning points in commitment trajectories and analyzed qualitative characteristics of the turning point. To determine a turning point, we firstly computed a smoothed trajectory for each individual and defined each point beyond the 95% interval of this smoothed trajectory as exceptional. Secondly, we explored whether the commitment development changed after an exceptional point with regard to the slope-valence or commitment strength. The sample consisted of 18 novice nurses. Two third of them revealed at least one turning point, thus the professional commitment development of novice nurses was characterized by peaks and dips that were followed by changes in the commitment development. The analysis showed that turning points followed by positive commitment development typically were characterized by positive experiences. These experiences often concerned relatedness or competence. Turning points followed by a negative development were not consistent: they could be positive, negative, or ambiguous experiences. Many of the negative experiences concerned negative organizational issues. We concluded that there is not a simple relation between commitment development and positive or negative characteristics of an experience. The context and underlying meaning of the experiences should be taken into account to interpret the commitment changes.
Correlation Of Placental Changes With Fetal And Maternal Outcome In Mothers With Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy

Hypertension represents one of the most prevalent complications encountered during pregnancy, significantly contributing to both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The placenta, acting as a crucial feto-maternal organ, plays a pivotal role in sustaining pregnancy and fostering the healthy development of the fetus. Notably, the weight of the placenta holds functional importance, as it correlates with the villous surface area and fetal metabolism. Motivated by this context, the present study endeavors to examine the morphological and histological alterations in the placenta associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and to assess their correlation with maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: A prospective investigation encompassing 120 cases was conducted, comprising 60 normotensive mothers (Group A) and 60 mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (Group B). Placental specimens obtained from these participants were subjected to morphological and histological analyses, with subsequent correlation with maternal and fetal outcomes. Results: Our findings revealed a notable reduction in placental weight and dimensions within Group B compared to Group A. Histopathological examination unveiled a significant increase in the incidence of syncytial knots, fibrinoid necrosis, hyalinization, and calcification in placentas from the hypertensive group, directly correlating with neonatal complications. Furthermore, the mean neonatal birth weight was significantly higher in Group A compared to Group B. Conclusion: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy exert a substantial impact on placental morphology, leading to diminished weight and dimensions, indicative of placental insufficiency attributable to compromised utero-placental blood flow. These alterations ultimately influence neonatal weight and overall neonatal outcomes. Our study underscores the presence of distinct morphological changes in the placenta that detrimentally affect fetal growth.