Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3‐D Tomographic Reconstruction of SED Plume During 17 March 2013 Storm

The three‐dimensional computerized ionospheric tomography (3DCIT) technique is used to reconstruct the spatial distribution of storm‐enhanced density (SED) based on the global positioning system total electron content measurements over the North American area during the 17 March 2013 storm. The reconstruction results are carefully validated with observations from three ionosonde stations, the constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere, and climate (COSMIC) radio occultations, and the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar. The electron density profiles from the 3DCIT reconstruction show a good agreement with the ionosonde and COSMIC electron density profiles. The 3DCIT‐derived electron density difference between the storm day of 17 March and the quiet day of 16 March also captures the similar SED plume signature that was observed by the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar. The 3DCIT reconstruction allows us for the first time to unveil the 3‐D configuration of the SED plume and its spatiotemporal evolution. It was found that the SED plume first appeared around 400 km and then expanded downward to ~300 km as well as upward to ~500 km over the course of a 3‐hr period from 19 to 22 UT on 17 March. Our study also showed that the density enhancement within the SED plume occurred mostly above the storm time F layer peak height.
Effect of Family Support Towards Elderly Hemodialysis Patients’ Anxiety Level

One of many ways to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates on elderly hemodialysis patients is by decreasing their anxiety level on therapy sessions by family support. This research’s purpose is to find out the effect of family support on the elderly hemodialysis patients’ anxiety levels. The participants were 50 elderly hemodialysis patients. This research used a cross-sectional design. The questionnaire was adopted from House’s theory, the anxiety level was measured with Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and ordinal regression was used for statistical analysis. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between family support and elderly hemodialysis patients’ anxiety level (P=0.026). The absence of family support affected the anxiety level from mild to moderate range. Patients without family support had 4,4 times higher chance to get mild to moderate anxiety than those with family support. Patients with chronic kidney failure who are under hemodialysis therapy treatment and having family support can increase their quality of life.
Electrocatalytic Electrodes for the Polysulfide Redox System

Porous electrocatalytic electrodes for the polysulfide redox system, containing one of various metallic sulfides (especially of Co, Cu, Pb) are described. Emphasis is placed on their use as counterelectrodes in photoelectrochemical cells employing polysulfide electrolytes. Their activity is measured as a function of electrolyte temperature and composition. The ratio of S to S2−, and through it the local redox potential of the solution, is shown to be an important factor controlling electrode activity. The short and long term stability of the electrodes, as cathodes, is discussed, and it is shown that, when used in conjunction with photoanodes, and may poison the photoelectrode surface, thereby reducing total cell efficiency.
A clinico-dermatoscopic study of acral dermatosis

Background: Dermatoscopy has been found to be a useful tool in enhancing clinical diagnosis beyond pigmented/neoplastic lesions. Aims : The present study was designed to identify the prevalence of skin lesions in the acral area and to study the clinical and dermatoscopic correlation of acral skin lesions. Methods : A cross sectional clinico dermatoscopic study of 334 patients presenting with acral lesions to the outpatient skin department was done. Veos hd 2 hand held dermatoscope in polarised mode (10x) and iphone 7 camera was used. Results : Out of 334 patients, maximum cases were of psoriasis 83 (24.85%) followed by its close differential chronic eczema 63 (18.86%), 44 (31.17%) scabies, 41 cases (12.28%) wart, 34 (10.18%) tinea. 12 cases of acute eczema, lichen planus 16 cases, 14 of pitted keratolysis, 10 of vitiligo, 4 of secondary syphilis, 4 of subacute eczema, 3 cases of dermatomyositis and 3 of lichen nitidus, 2 of porokeratosis and single case of eryhthema elevatum diutinum. Most of our patients (36.53%) were aged 31-40 years, and included 32.34% females and 67.66% males. In psoriasis, dermatoscopically regular dotted vessels (84.34%), red background (96.39%), and white scales (92.77%) were noted. In scabies, jet with contrail sign was seen in 97.73% cases. In palmoplantar warts, cluster of red/black dots (95.12%), yellowish structureless areas (87.80%) and interrupted skin markings (85.37%) were seen. Eczematous dermatitis showed yellow sero crusts and clusters of red dots with scaling. All patients of pitted keratolysis showed brown/yellow superficial pits with collarette of scaling. Wickham’s striae was seen in 86.67% cases of lichen planus. Vitiligo lesions showed trichrome pattern, starburst pattern and telangiectasia. Limitations : heterogenous group of disorders and histopathological co-relation was not done for all cases. Conclusion : To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which investigated the dermatoscopic features and epidemiology of various acral lesions.
Transition Metal Borides: Superhard versus Ultra‐incompressible

The terms superhard and ultra-incompressible are commonly used to describe a material’s hardness and compressibility approaching the properties of diamond, the hardest and most incompressible single-phase material known so far. Superhard and ultra-incompressible materials are of great interest for applications as well as for basic research. The materials are widely used in various industrial applications, e.g., such as cutting tools or wear-resistant coatings. Basic research focuses on the understanding of structure–property relationships, which yields hints for the design of new superhard and ultra-incompressible materials. Attempts to synthesize or theoretically predict new superhard and ultra-incompressible materials are the subject of intensive current research activities. Experimentally accessible and predicted single-phase materials can be classiﬁed into three groups: [1] i) crystalline and disordered carbon modiﬁcations, ii) compounds formed by the light elements B, C, N, O, and Si, and iii
Thermal diffusivity of MORB-composition rocks to 15 GPa: implications for triggering of deep seismicity

We have measured the thermal diffusivity of eclogite and majorite with a model MORB composition at pressures of 3 and 15 GPa, respectively. Both phase assemblages show inverse dependences of their thermal diffusivities on temperature: D eclogite=9(10)×10−10+7(1)×10−4/T(K) m 2/s and D majorite=6.2(5)×10−7+3.0(5)×10−4/T(K) m 2/s. The values for majorite are in good agreement with previous measurements for other garnets and are considerably lower than thermal diffusivities of wadsleyite and ringwoodite, which are the main components of the mantle transition zone. We discuss the implications of the low thermal conductivity of subducted oceanic crust in the transition zone for the triggering of deep seismicity.
To study the effect of level of jaggery and sapota pulp on chemical quality of Kulfi

The three levels of pulp of sapota 16, 25 and 40 per cent were used with three levels of jaggery i.e . 7, 8 and 9 per cent to prepare the Kulfi. In conclusion the protein and fat content decreased with increase in levels of jaggery and fruit pulp in end product i.e . Kulfi and the non-reducing sugar, reducing sugar, iron, ash, total solids contents ware increased in end product with increase in levels of both i.e. jaggery and fruit pulp.
Effect of medium -fat diets containing flaxseed, sesame seeds and their oils on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.

containing flaxseed, sesame seeds and their oils on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats, from some nutritional and biochemical parameters, in addition to estimate the chemical composition and fatty acids of the two types of the tested seeds. Fifty-four adult male Albino rats (Sprague Dawley strain), were used in this study and divided into two main groups. The first main group (6 rats) fed on basal diet, as a control negative group. The second main group (48 rats) fed on high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, after confirmation rats were randomly assigned to eight equal subgroups: Subgroup (1): fed on high fat diet (HFD) and used as a control positive group (+ve)1. Subgroup (2): fed on medium fat diet (MFD) and used as a control positive group (+ve)2. Subgroup (3): fed on (MFD), replace (10% sheep tallow with 10% flax seeds oil). Subgroup (4): fed on (MFD), replace (10% sheep tallow with flax seeds which provided the diet with 10% oil). Subgroup (5): fed on (MFD), replace (10% sheep tallow with 10% sesame oil). Subgroup (6): fed on (MFD), replace (10% sheep tallow with sesame seeds which provided the diet with 10% oil). Subgroup (7): fed on (MFD), replace (10% sheep tallow with 5% flaxseeds oil and 5% sesame oil). Subgroup (8): fed on (MFD), replace (10% sheep tallow with sesame seeds which provided the diet with 5% oil and flax seeds which provided the diet with 5% oil). The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The results indicated that, treating NAFLD rats with MFD containing (10% flaxseeds oil, flaxseeds which provided the diet with 10% oil, 10% sesame oil, sesame seeds which provided the diet with 10% oil, 10% (flaxseeds oil and sesame oil) and (sesame and flaxseeds which provided the diet with 10% oil) led to significant decrease in body weight gain %, organs weight%, peritoneal fat pad PFP /body weight % PFP, leptin, glucose, lipid profile including (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c and VLDL-c), liver enzymes including (AST, ALT and ALP), while these treatments induced significant increase in feed intake, HDL-c and antioxidant enzymes including (GSH-GPx, SOD and CAT). The medium fat diet MFD alone or MFD containing the tested seeds and their oils improved the nutritional and biochemical parameters in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, especially the group fed on MFD containing the combination of flaxseeds and sesame seeds which provided the diet with 10% oils, followed by the group fed on MFD containing 10% combination of these oils. The medium fat diet MFD which contain the combination of flaxseeds and sesame seeds, or their oils improved the health status of rats suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
The Hidden Price of Hotel FeaturesForming Room Rate: Focused on Star-type Segmented Market in China

Purpose: This study is to analyze the price characteristics of threeto five-star hotel room prices in Beijing Central Business District to find the hidden prices of hotel rooms in the area. Design/methodology/approach: This research used the hedonic price model to analyze the data collected by the network search engine to find hidden elements that affect the price of hotel rooms. The feature variables of the hotel are divided into three categories including internal features, external features and time features in two different markets: the overall market and the star-type segmented market in China. Findings: In the overall market, among hotel room interior features, hotel star rating, room area, free breakfast, food & beverage service quality, hotel facilities & equipment and free internet service have an impact on the hotel room price, with an implied price. For the hotel room exterior features, distance and the hotel-owned business district have a significant relationship with the price of the hotel room, with an implied price. In the star-type segmented market, all hotel room interior features have a significant relationship with the hotel price. Also, the features of competitors have very significant implied prices, which will greatly impact the pricing of hotel rooms in the star-type segmented market. Research limitations/implications: Managers can decide whether to improve the investment in a feature to increase the quality of the feature, or to control the cost of the feature to reduce unnecessary expenditure through the calculation results. Since the study was conducted only in the Beijing area, extended research must be carried out beyond Beijing to achieve more universal applicability. Originality/value: This study investigated the pricing of hotel rooms based on the hedonic price method to explore the price elasticity of the relevant features of hotel room products, and understand the needs and preferences of consumers in different market segments. It established different star segment market models and analyzed the differences in the types and elasticity of the features of significant implied prices in different star market models.
Effect of Educational Counseling on Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Towards Sex During Pregnancy

Background: Insufficient information about sex during pregnancy as well as negative attitude towards it may lead to serious problems in the couple’s communication and sexual relationship. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of educational counselling on sexual knowledge and attitude of pregnant women during 2014-2015. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 200 pregnant women referred to 5 health care centers in Kerman. The random allocation method was used to assign mothers to intervention (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. Data were collected by demographic information, sexual knowledge, and attitude questionnaires. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t test, Fisher exact test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation tests in SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The mean scores of sexual knowledge and attitude before educational counselling in intervention group were 33.7±15.44 and 50.09±10.88, respectively. Before the intervention, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in knowledge and attitude. One month after the counselling, the mean scores of knowledge and attitude in the intervention and control groups were respectively 79.03±8.71 and 67.88±8.62, indicating a significant difference (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the positive role of counseling and education in increasing knowledge and creating positive attitude towards sexual relationships in pregnant women.
Climate Change, Forced Migration, and International Law

ers need not have taken place. Laws should regulate society so that justice governs. Lawyers should do more than produce light comments on questionable laws and regulations. They should be aware of issues. They should define the future by hypotheses related to justice, and framed with a conscious concern for the environment. This book is unlikely to reach the deep levels of politics where adaptation to ecology has yet to begin. ‘International environmental law’ means little unless it produces change in national legal systems and individual states.
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in the assessment of acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease associated with sudden onset of abdominal and back pain in a band-like pattern, nausea, and vomiting. In patients with AP, the gold standard, i.e., the initial imaging modality to be used is ultrasonography (US). However, in cases where evaluation is insufficient, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) are other modalities to be applied. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRCP in patients with acute pancreatitis. METHODS Seventy-five patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis were evaluated using CT and, as well as patients who underwent contrast-enhanced MRCP within 48 hours. CT and MRCP were examined in terms of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct structure, gallbladder, common bile duct stones and complications. Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data at significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS Of all the included patients, 44 were male (58.7%), and the mean age was 59.27 ± 17.37 years. In CT findings, the percentage of AP complication findings such as pancreatic necrosis, extrapancreatic complications, the pancreatic or peripancreatic fluid collection was significantly higher than the MRCP group (p<0.05). MRCP showed biliary tract findings such as cholelithiasis, gallstone, common bile duct dilatation, intrahepatic bile duct dilatation, choledochal stone and pancreatic duct dilatation at a higher percentage than CT. CONCLUSION MRCP was superior to CT in gallbladder and choledochal stone and biliary tract dilatation but not in AP complications. Therefore, non-invasive and radiation-free MRCP can be used more widely in AP patients, especially in emergency departments.
Trading Stocks Builds Financial Confidence and Compresses the Gender Gap

How can we promote informed financial participation and reduce the gap in financial confidence between men and women? We conduct a large field experiment that enables and incentivizes working age men and women---a challenging group to reach with standard financial training programs---to trade stocks for four to seven weeks. We provide no additional educational content. We find that trading significantly improves financial confidence, as reflected in stock market participation, objective and subjective measures of financial knowledge, and risk tolerance. Effects are especially strong among women. Participants also become more self-reliant and consult others less when making financial decisions.
Montreal cognitive assessment for evaluating cognitive impairment in Huntington’s disease: a systematic review

Abstract Objective This study aims to systematically review evidence of the accuracy of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for evaluating the presence of cognitive impairment in patients with Huntington’s disease (HD) and to outline the quality and quantity of research evidence available about the use of the MoCA in this population. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review, searching four databases from inception until April 2020. Results We identified 26 studies that met the inclusion criteria: two case–control studies comparing the MoCA to a battery of tests, three studies comparing MoCA to Mini-Mental State Examination, two studies estimating the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals with HD and 19 studies or clinical trials in which the MoCA was used as an instrument for the cognitive assessment of participants with HD. We found no cross-sectional studies in which participants received the index test (MoCA) and a reference standard diagnostic assessment composed of an extensive neuropsychological battery. The publication period ranged from 2010 to 2020. Conclusions In patients with HD, the MoCA provides information about disturbances in general cognitive function. Even if the MoCA demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity when used at the recommended threshold score of 26, further cross-sectional studies are required to examine the optimum cutoff score for detecting cognitive impairments in patients with HD. Moreover, more studies are necessary to determine whether the MoCA adequately assesses cognitive status in individuals with HD.
Effects of inter-membrane distance and hydraulic retention time on the desalination performance of microbial desalination cells

ABSTRACTMicrobial desalination cell (MDC) is a promising technology for simultaneous water desalination and wastewater treatment. To further understand the factors that affect MDC performance, we investigated the complementary roles of inter-membrane distance and hydraulic retention time (HRT) in desalination by a bench-scale MDC. When the inter-membrane distance was changed from 2.5 to 0.3 cm while maintaining the same influent flow rate, the HRT of the salt solution decreased; the desalination efficiency reached a maximum at 0.5 cm distance with 10 g/L salt concentration or at 2.5 cm distance with 30 g/L. The rate of salt removal was clearly improved at a shorter inter-membrane distance. The MDC with an inter-membrane distance of 0.3 cm achieved a specific desalination rate twelve or seven times higher than that with 2.5 cm at an initial salt concentration of 10 or 30 g/L. At the same inter-membrane distance of 1.0 cm, a greater HRT led to better desalination efficiency. While at the same HRT of 6 h, th.
Secondary School EFL Teachers’ Perception of ICT Use in Learning and Teaching

The influx of ICT tools into EFL classrooms has provided an increasing range of possible solutions for refining teaching and learning inputs, processes, and outcomes, and their use can benefit students and teachers. However, ICT implementation in the learning process is affected by various factors, among which teachers’ perception is the most significant. This study aimed at investigating teachers’ perceptions of ICT use in EFL learning activities. To attain the aim, data as collected by asking 32 EFL teachers from various junior and senior high schools in Greater Jakarta to fill in a questionnaire consisting of 60 closed-ended questions. To triangulate and elaborate the quantitative data, 5 open-ended questions were asked to 8 of the participants selected as the interviewees. The results indicate that the teachers had a good level of perception of ICT use in EFL learning and teaching activities. The majority of them had integrated ICT in their EFL classrooms. Regarding the issues related to facilities and technical expertise they sometimes encountered, they either asked for help from technicians or colleagues. Many of them also agreed with the importance of attending training to enhance their skills in using ICT in learning and teaching.
Determination of the particle capture radius in magnetic filters with velocity distribution profile in pores

The determination of the liquid velocity profile in packed bed pores is a well-known problem in the practical applications and the theory of filtration and separation processes. Because the pore sizes are very small, the measurement of the liquid velocity in these areas is very difficult or impossible. By using the modified Kuwabara–Happel cell model, the liquid velocity profile in the pores of packed bed consisting of solid spheres and cylindrical wires was determined. The variation of the liquid velocity with the packed bed porosity and pore geometry has been investigated. By using these results, the expressions for drag force affecting the small particles in the pores and particle capture radius in magnetic filter have been obtained. The effect of the variation of some parameters of filtration system on the particle capture radius has been investigated. Comparisons of the theoretical and experimental results were found to be in good agreement.
Experimentation, Planning, and Structure in Early-Stage Ventures: Evidence from Venture Pitches

We examine the role of experimentation, planning, and structure in the evaluation of early-stage ventures. We hypothesize that the choice of coherent combinations – experimentation and informal structure or planning and formal structure – is associated with positive evaluations. First, using proprietary data from a venture competition, we find a positive correlation between coherent combinations and evaluations. Next, we verify the causality of this pattern through an experimental study on Amazon Mechanical Turk and find consistent results. Both in the field and the experiment, the effect is driven by evaluators with entrepreneurial experience. Overall, the evidence suggests that evaluators are sensitive to the choices of strategy and structure in early-stage ventures, contrary to the common belief that these features play little role in these organizations.