Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aeroelastic Response of a Flexible Delta Wing Due to Unsteady Vortex Flows

Aeroelastic response of a flexible delta wing due to the unsteady vortex flows was investigated in a wind tunnel. It was found that maximum rms buffeting occurs when vortex breakdown is close to the apex of the wing. The rms acceleration drops very rapidly in the vortex shedding regime at higher angles of attack. The dominant modes of vibration are the second and third modes when vortex breakdown is over the wing. In the case of the full-model delta wing, vortex breakdown produces the largest aeroelastic response, and the dominant mode is the second antisymmetric mode. Hence, there is evidence of a coupling between the wing structure and unsteady vortex pair interactions, which was surprising at this relatively low sweep angle of Λ=60°.
Harmonic analysis of scalar and vector fields in n

Abstract It is shown that a real scalar function in n which is of class Cn and either has zero mean on all spheres of unit radius, or has zero mean in all balls of unit radius admits a unique expansion in terms of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian operator. In a similar manner, a suitably smooth vector-valued function in n which has zero flux through all spheres cf unit radius is shown to be decomposable as the sum of a solenoidal part and a series of conservative parts that are eigenfunctions of the Laplacian. Applications are given, including some in complex analysis.
Scientific Learning Model: Analytical Thinking and Process Skills in Mathematics

Education is one of the efforts to improve the intelligence of the next generation of a nation. Education is considered an important and strategic factor in national development, with efforts oriented towards improving the quality of human resources. In dealing with problems in social life, of course, every student needs to develop process skills. The process skills of each student will be honed by itself if students have the will to be better. It relates to physical and mental skills that result in good attitudes and processes. This study aims to determine the relationship between students' analytical thinking and process skills using the problem based learning model and the problem solving model, and to find out the differences between students' analytical thinking and process skills using the model and the problem solving model. This research uses quantitative research with associative and comparative types of research. For this type of associative research, descriptive statistical tests are used, while for this type of comparative research, assumptions and hypothesis tests are used. The sampling technique used is purvosive sampling with the criteria of students studying mathematics on circle material, the samples taken are 180 students. The results showed that there was a relationship between analytical thinking and student process skills with the problem based learning and problem solving models besides that there was a comparison between analytical thinking and student process skills in both schools. The implication of this research is that the application of the learning model can be used as a means to develop students' analytical thinking skills and process skills in mathematics.
Properties of Fe single‐crystal films grown on (100)GaAs by molecular‐beam epitaxy

Single‐crystal (100)Fe films 90–330 A thick have been grown on etch‐annealed (100)GaAs substrates by molecular‐beam‐epitaxy techniques. Ferromagnetic resonance data indicate that the two in‐plane 〈110〉 directions are inequivalent and, together with magnetometry data, show that the average film magnetization decreases as the thickness decreases. The inequivalence is attributed to the nature of the interface bonding at a (100) zinc‐blende surface. The decreased magnetization is attributed to the formation of Fe2As microclusters in the film due to As diffusion which is supported by Auger and electron diffraction studies. In general, the Fe films grown to date on etch‐annealed (100)GaAs substrates are significantly inferior to those grown on (110)GaAs.
The origin of broad emission line clouds in active galactic nuclei

Numerous arguments suggest that the broad emission lines characteristic of many types of active galactic nuclei are formed in comparatively cool clouds embedded in a much hotter medium of roughly equal pressure. Here it is shown that a cycle exists in which cooler condensations form within the hot medium via a finite-amplitude thermal instability, drop to temperatures characteristic of photoionization equilibrium, are destroyed by hydrodynamic processes, and then return their material to the hot medium. Clouds of characteristic pressure about 10 to the 14th K/cu cm and thickness about 10 to the 23rd/sq cm are produced by this mechanism, in agreement with the pressure and thickness inferred from photoionization model analysis of observed emission-line ratios. Only a fraction of the hot medium's mass must encounter a finite-amplitude perturbation in order to produce the observed mass in clouds. 23 references.
Optical images of quasars and radio galaxies

Matched contour plots and gray-scale diagrams are presented for 54 radio quasars or radio galaxies of redshift 0.1-0.6, observed with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. All except four were recorded on the RCA1 CCD chip; four were summed from several photographic exposures behind an image tube. All except nine of the objects form the principal data base used by Hutchings (1987). Detailed comments are given on all objects, and some further measures of the objects and their companions. 12 references.
Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Count of Bacterial Survival in Freeze Dried Goat Milk Yogurt Powder

Yogurt is a fermented milk product that has a semi-solid texture and has a short shelf life. It must be stored properly in temperature of 4ºC and below to prevent the microbial spoilage due to it high in moisture content and water activity. This study aimed to produce freeze dried goat milk yogurt powder with different percentage of honey and analyse the physicochemical as well as compare the microbial count of bacterial growth in fresh goat milk yogurt and reconstituted goat milk yogurt powder. The four formulations prepared were 6% of sugar (CY), 3% of honey with 3% of sugar (LHY), 4% of honey with 2% of sugar (MHY) and 6% of honey (HHY). The results showed each formulation has significant differences for the physicochemical analysis. The percentage of honey added into the yogurt was affected the pH value of the yogurt which have a range from pH 4.18 to 4.45. Meanwhile the results for colour analysis shown that the yellowness value of goat milk yogurt was increased as the percentage of honey added inside the yogurt was increased, as contributed by dark brown colour of honey. The bacterial survival in CY, LHY, MHY and HHY samples for fresh goat milk yogurt and reconstituted goat milk yogurt powder showed the significant different (p<0.05) with the range from 6.40 to 8.75 log cfu/ml and 5.79 to 8.07 log cfu/ml respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that freeze drying was a suitable method to produce yogurt powder and LHY sample was the best formulation in producing the highest number of survival bacteria (log cfu/ml).
The role of heat conduction in the cooling flows of galaxy clusters

On s'interesse aux effets de la conduction thermique sur le gaz emetteur RX en accretion sur les galaxies dominantes des amas. Les donnees RX sont compatibles avec des taux d'accretion de ∼1-3 M ○. par an pour M87 et de ∼20-75 m ○. par an pour NGC 1275, independants du rayon au-dela de quelques kpc
Predicting mating flights through meteorological cues using multi‐scale logistic regression

The red imported fire ant is one of the most destructive animals in the US. Its prolific ability through mating flights has aggravated the situation. Understanding the environmental cues triggering mating flights would be important for a comprehensive control solution. Fire ant colony activities related to mating flights were daily monitored from April 2001 to March 2002, and the associated weather data were documented. The method of logistic regression is used to identify environmental factors associated with mating flight where multi‐scale decomposition of the meteorological variables is considered to identify the within and the between cues for mating flights. Our empirical results indicate that ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, barometric pressure, and recent rain are significant factors that trigger or influence fire ant mating flights. Among those factors, the ambient temperature, the change in barometric pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, and recent rain are found to be the macro‐scale cues, whereas the ambient temperature is also found to be the micro‐scale cues. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disasters and Their Effects on Child Development

The special section's papers collectively paint a picture of where disaster and development in children and adolescents research is at. The articles' diversity is impressive; they cover a wide range of crisis circumstances, such as war and the use of child soldiers, terrorism and political unrest, hurricanes and tsunamis, earthquakes and floods, as well as political unrest and climatic change. There are representations of specific calamities that happened in nine different nations. The articles cover a wide range of ages, from very young children through adolescents. In this field of study, longitudinal research and studies that focus on developmental processes are still uncommon. Although a few articles discuss additional levels of analysis, such as biological function and relationships, the majority of the articles concentrate on a behavioral level of function and analysis.
Radial-velocity variations of Scorpius X-1 emission lines.

Radial-velocity measurements for the principal emission features in the Sco X-1 spectrograms of Mook, Hiltner, and Lynds are discussed. Plots of the radial velocities of H.cap alpha. , H.beta. , and He ii lambda4686 as a function of phase for the 0/sup d/787313 period of Gottlieb, Wright, and Liller are presented. In spite of the large scatter in the data, the time-dependent behavior of the radial velocities for the Balmer lines appears to confirm the binary nature of Sco X-1. In contrast to the report of Cowley and Crampton, no periodic variation in the radial velocity of the He ii lambda4686 line is observed. (AIP)
On the geometric growth in a class of homogeneous multitype Markov chain

In this paper, we investigate the geometric growth of homogeneous multitype Markov chains whose states have nonnegative integer coordinates. Such models are considered in a situation similar to the supercritical case for branching processes. Finally, our general theoretical results are applied to a class of controlled multitype branching process in which the control is random.
Estimating direction fields in autonomous equation models, with an application to system identification from cross-sectional data

SUMMARY We consider a situation where 'cross-sectional' observations follow an underlying 'longitudinal' model with a population mean function. Measurements are available, made at unknown 'observation times', of the mean function values without noise and of derivatives with noise. The population mean function lies in a nonparametric smoothness class and, while not fully identifiable, is a trajectory in the direction field of an autonomous ordinary differential equation. An efficient reconstruction of that field is proposed which proceeds from nonparametric estimation of the function driving the differential equation. Rates of convergence are investigated. A simulation is included showing the recovery of the mean function. Signal and noise are chosen to be typical for T4-cell counts in a small cohort of undated HIV-seroconverters, and the reconstruction of the mean function is seen to be satisfactory.
DDLSTM: Dual-Domain LSTM for Cross-Dataset Action Recognition

Domain alignment in convolutional networks aims to learn the degree of layer-specific feature alignment beneficial to the joint learning of source and target datasets. While increasingly popular in convolutional networks, there have been no previous attempts to achieve domain alignment in recurrent networks. Similar to spatial features, both source and target domains are likely to exhibit temporal dependencies that can be jointly learnt and aligned. In this paper we introduce Dual-Domain LSTM (DDLSTM), an architecture that is able to learn temporal dependencies from two domains concurrently. It performs cross-contaminated batch normalisation on both input-to-hidden and hidden-to-hidden weights, and learns the parameters for cross-contamination, for both single-layer and multi-layer LSTM architectures. We evaluate DDLSTM on frame-level action recognition using three datasets, taking a pair at a time, and report an average increase in accuracy of 3.5\%. The proposed DDLSTM architecture outperforms standard, fine-tuned, and batch-normalised LSTMs.
On the Earth’s magnetospheric dynamics: Nonequilibrium evolution and the fluctuation theorem

[1] The Earth’s magnetosphere evolves as an out-of-equilibrium system due to the continuous coupling with the solar wind and the Earth’s ionosphere. We test the validity of the symmetries implied in the Fluctuation Theorem for the magnetospheric dynamics by investigating the long-term evolution of the Earth’s magnetospheric ring current, as monitored by the geomagnetic Dst index. We find that the symmetries implied by the Fluctuation Theorem are all verified, thus providing a proof of the existence of a steady state far from equilibrium for the Earth’s magnetosphere. A possible link between the Dst index and the entropy production rate is also proposed and discussed.
Data and subject heterogeneity and data sharing: keys to translational success in spinal cord injury research?

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly devastating and complex in jury with many secondary consequences. Finding a treatment for SCI has been a rollercoaster ride through exciting peaks and sobering valleys. As a matter of fact, there are still no robust and reliable clinical treatments to minimize or repair spinal cord damage. The reasons are manifold and in this opinion piece, we will argue that subject heterogeneity and a lack of transparency in reporting findings are potential contributors to the challenge of finding and translating treatments from the bench to the bedside.
RESILIENCY OF URBAN INFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN KUCHING CITY

The unprecedented outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic since the year 2020 has witnessed an economic downturn which has caused negative impacts towards the global economy. The impacts of this crisis have greatly affected the informal economy, in which this vulnerable sector is not safeguarded by any regulations or policies during this difficult time. Informal sectors are no exception to restrictions of business operations imposed by the Malaysian Government during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the approaches and challenges faced by the operators of informal economic activities in Kuching city, Sarawak, towards sustaining their businesses. The findings have shown that the informal business operators in Kuching city have a moderate resilience index based on the data collected on both threats and resilience strategies. The study found that three major threats are highly associated with these informal businesses, namely disruption of access to goods and products, Covid-19 pandemic and disruption of internet and telecommunication services. Additionally, the business operators have adopted few strategies towards ensuring the resiliency of their businesses, namely the use of E-commerce and conducting their businesses in flexible and accessible locations. Immediate responses, strategies and policy interventions are necessary towards rectifying the current challenges faced by these operators as well as providing future opportunities for the informal sector.
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies and resonant orbital coupling

Les proprietes structurales des galaxies spheroidales naines satellites de la Voie Lactee peuvent etre fortement affectees par leurs interactions avec le champ tidal de la Voie Lactee. Une resonance Q basse de la force motrice tidale avec des modes d'oscillation collectifs du systeme des naines peut produire de nombreuses proprietes observees des galaxies spheroidales naines du Groupe Local, incluant les dispersions elevees des vitesses qui seraient normalement interpretees comme indiquant des masses dynamiques elevees
Incipient morphological specializations associated with fossorial life in the skull of ground squirrels (Sciuridae, Rodentia)

Anatomical and biological specializations have been studied extensively in fossorial rodents, especially in subterranean species, such as mole‐rats or pocket‐gophers. Sciurids (i.e., squirrels) are mostly known for their diverse locomotory behaviors, and encompass many arboreal species. They also include less specialized fossorial species, such as ground squirrels that are mainly scratch diggers. The skull of ground squirrels remains poorly investigated in a fossorial context, while it may reflect incipient morphological specializations associated with fossorial life, especially due to the putative use of incisors for digging in some taxa. Here, we present the results of a comparative analysis of the skull of five fossorial sciurid species, and compare those to four arboreal sciurids, one arboreal/fossorial sciurid and one specialized fossorial aplodontiid. The quantification of both cranial and mandibular shapes, using three dimensional geometric morphometrics, reveals that fossorial species clearly depart from arboreal species. Fossorial species from the Marmotini tribe, and also Xerini to a lesser extent, show widened zygomatic arches and occipital plate on the cranium, and a wide mandible with reduced condyles. These shared characteristics, which are present in the aplodontiid species, likely represent fossorial specializations rather than relaxed selection on traits related to the ancestral arboreal condition of sciurids. Such cranial and mandibular configurations combined with proodont incisors might also be related to the frequent use of incisors for digging (added to forelimbs), especially in Marmotini evolving in soft to hard soil conditions. This study provides some clues to understand the evolutionary mechanisms shaping the skull of fossorial rodents, in relation to the time spent underground and to the nature of the soil.
Density Wave Streaming Motions in Stars along the Sagittarius Spiral Arm

A magnitude-limited photographic survey of relative proper-motion components and B, V photometry of 1.3 × 106 stars brighter than apparent B magnitude 14.5 ± 0.5 in the fourth Galactic quadrant is converted into a distance-limited survey of 3.26 × 105 stars up to a distance of 500 pc. A streaming motion of 13.5 ± 0.5 km s-1 is detected in 4.1 × 104 Population I stellar candidates with an orbital perigalactic center located at 6.8 kpc ≤ R ≤ 7.2 kpc, with a Sun location Rsol = 8.5 kpc. A density perturbation of ∼0.1 M⊙ pc-3 in the Galactic field potential at R0 ∼ 6.8 kpc is interpreted as resulting from the density wave connected with the Sagittarius-Carina spiral arm. A set of 1.4 × 104 stars of mass ∼1.5 ± 0.75 M⊙ identify a pitch angle of 10° ± 1° and a migration time from the Sagittarius spiral arm into the greater solar neighborhood of ∼35 Myr.
Glofitamab for Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

BACKGROUND The prognosis for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is poor. Glofitamab is a bispecific antibody that recruits T cells to tumor cells. METHODS In the phase 2 part of a phase 1-2 study, we enrolled patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL who had received at least two lines of therapy previously. Patients received pretreatment with obinutuzumab to mitigate cytokine release syndrome, followed by fixed-duration glofitamab monotherapy (12 cycles total). The primary end point was complete response according to assessment by an independent review committee. Key secondary end points included duration of response, survival, and safety. RESULTS Of the 155 patients who were enrolled, 154 received at least one dose of any study treatment (obinutuzumab or glofitamab). At a median follow-up of 12.6 months, 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32 to 48) of the patients had a complete response according to independent review. Results were consistent among the 52 patients who had previously received chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (35% of whom had a complete response). The median time to a complete response was 42 days (95% CI, 42 to 44). The majority (78%) of complete responses were ongoing at 12 months. The 12-month progression-free survival was 37% (95% CI, 28 to 46). Discontinuation of glofitamab due to adverse events occurred in 9% of the patients. The most common adverse event was cytokine release syndrome (in 63% of the patients). Adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred in 62% of the patients, with grade 3 or higher cytokine release syndrome in 4% and grade 3 or higher neurologic events in 3%. CONCLUSIONS Glofitamab therapy was effective for DLBCL. More than half the patients had an adverse event of grade 3 or 4. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03075696.).
Raman- and infrared-active phonons in hexagonal YMnO{sub 3}: Experiment and lattice-dynamical calculations

Raman-scattering and far-infrared-transmission spectra of hexagonal YMnO{sub 3} (space group P6{sub 3}cm) are reported and discussed. In the Raman spectra measured in several exact scattering configurations, lines of A{sub 1} (at 148, 190, 257, {approximately}300, 433, 459, and 681 cm{sup {minus}1}), E{sub 1} (at 376, 408, and 632 cm{sup {minus}1}), and E{sub 2} (at 135, and {approximately}215 cm{sup {minus}1}), symmetries have been observed. Maxima in the infrared absorption have been found at 211, 238, 265, 281, 308, 398, 428, 457, 491, 596, and 612 cm{sup {minus}1}. An assignment of the phonon lines to definite atomic vibrations has been made on the basis of their symmetries in close comparison with results of lattice-dynamical calculations for YMnO{sub 3} in its ferroelectric (P6{sub 3}cm, Z=6) and high-temperature paraelectric (P6{sub 3}/mmc, Z=2) phases. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Major summer cloudbursts in Finland: synoptic origins and impact

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GC-FID and GC-MS profiling and in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Chenopodium ambrosioides L

: Chenopodium ambrosioides is widely used in traditional medicines to manage several health conditions. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the n -hexane fraction and the in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of C. ambrosioides L. The chemical composition was determined using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry