Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Competencias digitales de docentes de nivel secundario de Santo Domingo: un estudio de caso

Recently a transformation has been generated in education due to the use of communication and information technologies (ICT). From this transformation, teachers are expected to develop new knowledge and skills for the use of technology. The purpose of this research is to analyze the use of ICT in the teaching-learning process by secondary level teachers in order to establish strategies for the development of teaching-oriented digital competencias. A descriptive, analytical and transversal research methodology was used in this study, and a questionnaire was applied with a scale of assessment of digital competences considering three dimensions: instrumental competencies, didacticmethodological and cognitive competences. This questionnaire was applied to a total of 124 teachers from two secondary education institutions in the 10-04 district of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The results show that 47 % of teachers require training in digital didactic-methodological skills, 39 % in cognitive and 32 % in instrumental. Based on these results, it is concluded with the need to establish a training plan considering the competences in which the lowest results were obtained as priorities.
Learning to Plan During the Clinical Experience: How Visions of Teaching Influence Novices’ Opportunities to Practice

In this study, we document pre-service teachers’ (PSTs) opportunities to learn about planning for equitable and ambitious instruction during clinical placements. We also test whether these opportunities vary by the level of participants’ perceived congruence between the vision of science teaching supported in their university coursework and the instructional practices and learning culture of their host classrooms. We analyzed interview and survey responses of 65 science PSTs from three preparation programs which required their novices to learn about planning and teaching that was consistent with research-based reforms. In placements where novices could participate in planning practices that were perceived as congruent with these reform-based visions, they were more likely than peers in low-congruence classrooms to engage in educative co-planning with a mentor, to take up responsibilities for planning lessons earlier in the school year and for longer periods of time, and to receive useful feedback from mentors.
The Behavioural Economics of Executive Incentives

The conventional design of executive compensation plans is based on an outdated model of executive agency. Behavioural economics has provided a better understanding of the relationship between executives’ pay and their motivation through detailed examination of the psychology of incentives. Four key points emerge from the research. First, executives are much more risk averse than financial theory predicts. Second executives are very high time discounters, thus reducing the perceived value of deferred rewards. Third, intrinsic motivation is much more important than admitted by traditional economic theory. Fourth, executives are more concerned about the perceived fairness of their awards relative to peers than in absolute amounts. Research suggests that companies would be better off paying generous salaries and using annual cash bonuses to incentivise desired actions and behaviours. Executives should be required to invest bonuses in company shares until they have sufficient ‘skin in the game’ to align their interests with shareholders.
Leukocyte telomere length, cancer incidence and all‐cause mortality among Chinese adults: Singapore Chinese Health Study

Telomeres play a key role in chromosomal maintenance and stability. To date, few studies have investigated the association of leukocyte telomere length with risk of cancer incidence and all‐cause mortality in a large prospective cohort, particularly of the Asian population. Relative telomere lengths in genomic DNA from peripheral blood samples were quantified using a validated quantitative real‐time PCR among 26 540 middle‐aged or older Chinese adults. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cancer and deaths by quintiles of telomere length were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards regression method with adjustment for age, sex and other potential confounders. After baseline blood collection, 4353 persons developed cancer and 7609 died. Participants with the longest decile of telomeres had a 26% (95% CI: 11%‐44%) higher risk of total cancer incidence compared to the shortest decile after controlling for age, sex and other potential founders (Ptrend < .0001). In contrast, longer telomeres were associated with lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.84‐1.03), noncancer death (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71‐0.92), specifically, death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70‐0.89) and digestive diseases (HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.42‐0.88). Our findings demonstrated that longer telomeres are associated with increased risk of cancer development overall and several common cancer types including breast, rectal, prostate, pancreatic cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. Our study also confirmed that longer telomeres are associated with a reduced risk of noncancer related death.
Experiences and learnings from professional psychology training partners during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts, challenges, and opportunities.

The declaration of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020 has impacted all of society and had unprecedented, transformational effects on professional psychology training within just a few months. This review gathers knowledge from the leaders of three of the main training partners in Canada, the Canadian Council of Professional Psychology Programs (CCPPP), the Accreditation Panel of the Canadian Psychological Association, and the Association of Canadian Psychology Regulatory Organisations (ACPRO), as well as the Editor of Canadian Psychology. We share our experiences and learnings about the profound effect COVID-19 has had on academic programs, internships, accreditation, and regulatory functions. The review discusses the training pathway from student learner to licensed psychologist; the prominent educational, advocacy, and regulatory bodies associated with psychology training in Canada; pandemic-related challenges to training; an ethical decision-making framework developed for the Canadian context that may help in mitigating these challenges; the resulting guiding and aspirational principles for decision making during the pandemic; and personal examples of the pandemic's impact on our roles and affiliated organisations. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has created many challenges for professional training, the pandemic has also been a catalyst for change within the profession, encouraging expansion of tele-education and telehealth practices. The pandemic has encouraged enhanced communication within the whole training community, consensus-based ethical decision making, and has encouraged a focus on defining our professional priorities. The professional psychology training community has faced and will continue to face multifaceted and complex problems as a result of the pandemic. In the end, however, we hope to emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic as a more resilient, reflective, and cohesive professional psychology training community.
The possible role of hydration in concussions and long-term symptoms of concussion for athletes. A review of the evidence

The purpose of this review is to address what is known, speculated, and hypothesized regarding the issue of hydration and concussions. Based on the question, “What impact does hydration have on the relative risk for suffering concussive injuries along with long-term ramifications that have been associated with concussive (and repeated subconcussive) traumas to the cerebral cortex? ,” a search of available literature was performed through June 2019. Deducing from the available literature, we can stipulate that changes in hydration within the cerebral cortex increase the likelihood for disruption of neurofilament proteins, dysregulation of membrane dynamics of the neurons and exacerbate inflammation responses following head trauma. As such, it can be speculated that differences in incidence rates may be attributed to difference in tissue fluid based on athlete demographics, level of whole-body water balance, and degree of tissue dehydration more than selection of sport. Moreover, tissue hydration in combination with other inflammation factors provides the scaffolding for the development of long-term issues (e.g. chronic traumatic encephalopathy) associated with repetitive head trauma in athletes.
Reliable and Advanced Predictors for Corporate Financial Choices in Pakistan

Existing studies disagree over the core predictors of firm-level financial choices in developing countries. The general practice only validates the traditional capital structure model, which leads to inconsistency and a lack of novelty. This study removed overfitting issues among existing factors and presented the most reliable and advanced capital structure model in Pakistani firms. The panel data include 368 Pakistani companies from 19 non-financial sectors over the period 2004 to 2017. We apply Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria to remove overfitting issues among inconsistent proxies in the capital structure model. The fixed effects regression is used for basic results and the Generalized Method of Moments is applied to control the endogeneity. Besides the conventional proxies, we report that credit rating, distance from bankruptcy, managerial concentration, and institutional quality are the most advanced capital structure determinants in Pakistan. These predictors remain significant across firm size and growth levels. Also, the findings confirm that new predictors are reliable to define capital structure dynamics and improve the speed of adjustment in overall and sub-sample analysis. The major findings suggest that managers and policymakers should consider these advanced predictors to design their financial settings in firms.
Pengaruh Pengungkapan Manajemen Risiko Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Melalui Kinerja Keuangan Di Industri Perbankan Indonesia

Investors assess and demand banks to improve their risk management. Then, the profit earned by the bank is not yet known the effect of risk management on firm value. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of risk management disclosures on firm value with profitability as a mediating variable. The population used in this study are all banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period of 2016 to 2018. This type of research is a correlational study consisting of thirty-six banks as research samples. Furthermore, the sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling. The results showed that the disclosure of risk management has a positive effect on profitability and firm value. Then, the risks and opportunities in this study can be managed well by the company so that it has a positive effect on increasing the company's profitability. The market implication assumes that risk management disclosures can be used as one of the relevant information to increase the value of the company. However, profitability in this study cannot mediate the relationship between risk management disclosure and firm value. The size of profitability produced in banks in Indonesia is not a determining factor in managing a company's risk management activities. So it can be concluded that risk management is disclosed solely because it fulfills corporate responsibilities and complies with government regulations.
Venezuelan Migration in Peru: Short-term Adjustments in the Labor Market

The Venezuelan migration to Peru has been growing at fast speed since 2016 reaching a peak in 2018. Using a panel that allows us to control for individual effects, we study the heterogeneous short-term responses to the inflow of Venezuelan migrants in terms of employment, informality and earnings of Peruvian workers during 2008-2018. We find that a 1 pp increase in the share of Venezuelan migrants in Peru is associated with: a) a 1.5 pp increase in the probability of being employed for workers with tertiary education in the non-service sector; b) a 1 pp decrease in the probability of having an informal job for workers with tertiary education in the non-service sector; and c) a 3.2 percent decrease in real monthly earnings for workers with secondary education and a formal job in the service sector.
Determination of carrageenan in jellies with new methylene blue dye using spectrophotometry, smartphone-based colorimetry and spectrophotometric titration

Carrageenan is a seaweed-derived sulfated polysaccharide known as food additive E407. It is used as gelling and thickening agent in cheeses, puddings, desserts and cured meats (Bednářová et al., 2014; Błaszak et al., 2018). Carrageenan macromolecules consist of α-(1-3)-D-galactose units and β-(1-4)-3,6-anhydro-D-galactose units. They may differ in the content and position of sulfate groups. The most common food-grade varieties are kappa (κ) and iota (ι) carrageenans used as gelling, stabilizing and emulsifying agents, as well as lambda (λ) carrageenan used as a thickener. The market demand for carrageenan is constantly growing (Campbell & Hotchkiss, 2017). Carrageenan is generally recognised as safe, however, products of its hydrolysis can cause adverse effects on human health (McKim et al., 2018).
Asian American Women in the Academy: Multiple Success Case Study of their Leadership Labyrinths and Practices  

This paper sheds light on academic leadership pathways and practices of Asian American women (AAW) in higher education in the United States (U.S.) under intersectionality of social and institutional identities/elements. The preliminary intersection model of these identities/elements is the ultimate outcome of the paper. The paper is crystalized from an empirical study founded on intersectionality concept and leadership theories in general, and on established knowledge base of AAW and leadership in particular. The multiple case study method (MCSM) and success case method (SCM) were employed in combination to examine four AAW cases, which were purposively selected from four 4-year-universities in California and Pennsylvania. The data source primarily came from in-depth semi-structured interviews. The data analysis on NVivo 12 revealed that AAW’s leadership pathways and practices were influenced and shaped by social identities of individuals (gender, race/ethnicity, class, and culture), and institutional cultures (tangible and intangible). Religion and female role models in family, graduate study, and workplace were found as additive elements impacting AAW’s leadership experiences. These multiple identities and elements intersected with each other in different ways to feature lived experiences of AAW in academic leadership. The study responded to recent calls for applying incorporation approach of leadership and diversity in research on leadership. It also supported the existing literature on leadership pipelines and experiences of AAW in the academy. The research was among few qualitative studies in the AAW leadership scholarship using the NVivo program in data management, analysis, and presentation. The preliminary intersection model of social and institutional identities/elements influencing and shaping AAW’s leadership in the academy could imply direction for further study on AAW and leadership not only in academe but also in other areas.
Improving composition and microbiological characteristics of milk kefir using colostrum

Kefir characteristics are influenced by raw materials. Fresh milk and colostrum have different characteristics. In this research, colostrum was used as additional material in kefir production which could affect the chemical, microbiological, and antimicrobial properties of final the product. This study was aimed to investigate the chemical and microbiology properties of kefir prepared from milk, colostrum and milk-colostrum mixes. Kefir was prepared by adding kefir grains to 100% fresh milk, milk-colostrum mixes (20:80%; 40:60%; 60:40%; 80:20%) and 100% colostrum. Fermentation was allowed under room temperature for 24 hours. Results showed that all treatments produced kefir with relatively similar titrable acidity, free fatty acids, and fat contents. The highest levels of ethanol, total solids and protein content were observed in kefir produced from 100% colostrum. The average total microbes were 6.37 – 7.51 log CFU/ml; 7.04-8.23 log CFU/ml bacteria; 6.92-7.48 log CFU/ml LAB and 5.54-6.55 log CFU/ml yeast. Water activity values ranged from 0.85 to 0.89. The highest microbial and antimicrobial properties were shown by kefir produced from milk-colostrum mix of 20:80%.
The Involved, Engaged or Partnership Parents in Early Childhood Education and Care

The parental relationship in ECEC (Early Childhood Education and Care) service forms a key factor for its quality. This relationship is also complex and problematic and can be understood in different ways. There is a lack of research about the parental relationship in ECEC compared with schools. However, some researches have revealed the importance of a functional parental relationship in ECEC but also that the relationship can challenge the professional task of the teachers. One way to understand the parental relationship is study it out of two different frameworks, a vertical or horizontal framework. The vertical framework regards the teachers as experts and with asymmetrical, involved or engagement parental relationship. The horizontal framework regards both teachers and parents as experts and with a symmetrical partnership parental relationship. This review of research has scrutinised how the parental relationship in ECEC is described based on a division into levels as parental involvement, engagement or partnership relation. All three levels were identified in the 22 articles studied, but with a slight domination of the parental partnership. Four advantages of the parental relationship have been identified, quality-indicator, empowerment of parents and teachers, impact on future student academic achievement and flexible relationship. Three problems have been identified, different roles of parents and teachers, discrimination and complex relationship. One conclusion is that the parental relationship is of great importance to the ECEC service, but that it is more realistic to consider this as a balance between vertically and horizontally-framed parental relationships in ECEC services.
The Impact of Human Capital on Financial Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms in Serbia

Research Question: This paper investigates the impact of human capital on the financial performance within entrepreneurial firms in Serbia. Motivation: In today’s knowledge-based economy, human capital, as the main component of intellectual capital, represents one of the primary value drivers. The competitiveness of developed countries is based to a large extent on investments in intellectual capital. In most OECD countries, investments in intellectual capital are growing dramatically and in some cases they reach or even exceed investments in tangible assets. This paper primarily builds upon the results of Pena (2002) and Hormiga et al. (2011) and, as far as the author is aware, it represents one of few studies of that kind in Serbia. Idea: The main idea of the paper is to examine whether human capital influences the financial performance of Serbian entrepreneurial firms. Dependent variables are indicators of financial performance, such as ROA and sales revenue. Independent variables represent various elements of human capital. Data: The sample consists of young Serbian companies from various industries with at least three employees, founded in 2015 whose financial statements were published in 2017. Out of 1,559 such companies, 151 completed the survey and participated in the research. Tools: Factor analysis was used and numerical variables that represent the answers to the questions about human capital were loaded into factors. Those factors as independent variables were used in multiple regression analysis (OLS, FGLS and Ordered probit). Findings: It was found that elements of human capital, such as the interaction of the entrepreneurial team, social skills and tenacity, and knowledge of the entrepreneur have a positive impact on ROA. The interaction of the entrepreneurial team has a positive impact on sales revenue. On the other hand, social skills and tenacity and knowledge of an entrepreneur do not have any impact on sales revenue. Contribution: The paper can help entrepreneurs and company founders, as well as economic and development policy makers to better understand the importance of human capital for improving financial and overall business performance of newly created ventures.
Effect of Buffer Intensity and Organic Matter on the Oxygenation of Ferrous Iron

to make the water esthetically acceptable as well as potable. Because of the various problems that may be caused when iron appears in community water supplies, the US Public Health Service specifies an upper limit of 0.3 mg/liter for iron in drinking waters.1 Iron occurs in two oxidation states the divalent ferrous form, Fe(II), and the trivalent ferric form, Fe (III) . In an aqueous environment, both soluble and insoluble species of hydrolyzed iron may be present. The hydrolysis products of ferric iron have very low solubilities at the pH of natural waters. Under oxidizing conditions most of the iron in natural
Mesial Rotation of the Upper First Molar: Association with Anterior Dental Crowding in Mixed and Permanent Dentition

The position of the upper first molar (UFM) is currently considered the “key of occlusion”. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the mesiorotated UFM, and its relationship with anterior dental crowding in mixed and permanent dentition. Intra-oral scans of upper dental arches of 180 subjects with mixed dentition and 169 subjects with permanent dentition were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the presence of UFM mesiopalatal rotation and presence of anterior crowding. The occlusal relationship and the presence of caries were also recorded. In subjects with permanent dentition, there was a statistically significant correlation between anterior crowding and UFM mesiopalatal rotation (Pearson’s chi-square = 9.03; p = 0.06). Among cases with permanent dentition, subjects with UFM mesiopalatal rotation showed an OR = 3.28 (95% CI = 0.99–10.93; p = 0.042) of moderate/severe anterior dental crowding, respect to subjects without UFM rotation. In subjects with mixed dentition, there was a statistically significant correlation between molar occlusal relationship and UFM mesiopalatal rotation (Pearson’s chi-square = 14.98; p = 0.002), and subjects with molar class II showed a OR = 10.2 (95% CI = 2.16–48.22; p = 0.0005) to present UFM mesiopalatal rotation, with respect to subjects with molar class I. UFM mesiopalatal rotation is associated to anterior dental crowding in permanent dentition, and to class II malocclusion in mixed dentition.