Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taking advantage of photometric galaxy catalogues to determine the halo occupation distribution

Context. Halo occupation distribution (HOD) is a powerful statistic that allows the study of several aspects of the matter distribution in the Universe, such as evaluating semi-analytic models of galaxy formation or imposing constraints on cosmological models. Consequently, it is important to have a reliable method for estimating this statistic, taking full advantage of the available information on current and future galaxy surveys. Aims. The main goal of this project is to combine photometric and spectroscopic information using a discount method of background galaxies in order to extend the range of absolute magnitudes and to increase the upper limit of masses in which the HOD is estimated. We also evaluate the proposed method and apply it to estimating the HOD on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) galaxy survey. Methods. We propose the background subtraction technique to mel information provided by spectroscopic galaxy groups and photometric survey of galaxies. To evaluate the feasibility of the method, we implement the proposed technique on a mock catalogue built from a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. Furthermore, we apply the method to the SDSS DR7 using a galaxy group catalogue taken from spectroscopic version and the corresponding photometric galaxy survey. Results. We demonstrated the validity of the method using the mock catalogue.We applied this technique to obtain the SDSS DR7 HOD in absolute magnitudes ranging from $M=-21.5$ to $M=-16.0$ and masses up to $\simeq 10^{15} M_{\odot}$ throughout this range. On the brighter extreme, we found that our results are in excellent agreement with those obtained in previous works.
The warm molecular gas and dust of Seyfert galaxies: two different phases of accretion?

The distribution of warm molecular gas (1000--3000 K), traced by the near-IR H$_2$ 2.12 $\mu$m line, has been imaged with a resolution $<0.5$ arcsec in the central 1 kpc of seven nearby Seyfert galaxies. We find that this gas is highly concentrated towards the central 100 pc and that its morphology is often symmetrical. Lanes of warm H$_2$ gas are observed only in three cases (NGC\,1068, NGC\,1386 and Circinus) for which the morphology is much wider and extended than the dust filaments. We conclude that there is no one-to-one correlation between dust and warm gas. This indicates that, if the dust filaments and lanes of warm gas are radial streaming motions of fuelling material, they must represent \textit{two different phases of accretion}: the dust filaments represent a colder phase than the gas close to the nucleus (within $\sim$100 pc). We predict that the morphology of the nuclear dust at these scales should resemble that of the cold molecular gas (e.g. CO at 10--40 K), as we show for CenA and NGC\,1566 by Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations, whereas the inner H$_2$ gas traces a much warmer phase of material identified with warmer (40-500 K) molecular gas such as CO(6-5) or HCN (as shown by ALMA for NGC\,1068 and NGC\,1097). We also find that X-ray heating is the most likely dominant excitation mechanism of the H$_{2}$ gas for most sources.
Interplay of eco-friendly factors and islamic religiosity towards recycled package products: A cross-cultural study

Climate change has increasingly been recognised and associated with consumer behaviour: Practitioners are developing their strategies to reduce environmental degradation while increasing the management of sustainable consumption; it needs to better understand consumer attitudes and eco-friendly factors about the issue. Therefore, the current study focused to understand the effects of pro-environmental factors on individuals’ environmental attitudes (purchase behaviour towards products with recycled packaging) through the lens of theory of planned behaviour in a cross-cultural setting. Moreover, present research focuses on the moderating role that religiosity plays in causal pathways between certain determinants (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) and intentions in this context. A multi-wave time-lagged research design was employed in this study, and university students from two developing countries were surveyed (N = 324, 266). The findings revealed pronounced similarities between the two examined countries. Overwhelmingly, pro-environmental factors examined (environmental values, environmental knowledge, and environmental concern) were found to be positively related to attitude formation. Further results showed that attitude and subjective norms are significant predictors of the intention to purchase products with recycled packaging. Moreover, with the exception of perceived behavioural control, religiosity moderates the relationships between all the determinants of TPB and intention to purchase recycled packaged products. Present study offers insightful implications to management of these emerging and/or similar cultural markets regarding customer value for green products. Using TPB, present study broadened and deepen extant stream of literature on consumption of recycled packaged products in two highly emerging markets; Pakistan and Malaysia.
Use of infection biomarkers in the emergency department

The use of infection biomarkers in the emergency department is discussed in terms of their possible contributions to diagnostic-prognostic uncertainties, appropriate antibiotic treatments, and triage and follow-up planning. Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), proadrenomedullin (proADM), and presepsin are among the most discussed infection biomarkers for use in the emergency department. Due to the variable sensitivity results and cutoff values, there are insufficient data to recommend the widespread use of CRP and procalcitonin (PCT) for the diagnosis and prognosis of infection in the emergency department. However, these biomarkers can be used for appropriate antibiotic use in selected infection groups, such as community-acquired pneumonia, especially to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. With its prognostic superiority over other biomarkers and its contribution to prognostic score systems in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), proADM can be used to predict hospitalization, preferably within the scope of clinical studies. Although presepsin has been shown to have some advantages over other biomarkers to rule out sepsis, there are insufficient data for its clinical use in the emergency department.
IFU observations of luminous type II AGN – I. Evidence for ubiquitous winds

We present observations of 17 luminous (log(L-[O III]/L-circle dot) > 8.7) local (z 95 per cent) correlation between the [NII]/H alpha ratio and the velocity dispersion of the gas. Such a correlation is the natural consequence of a contribution to the ionization from shock excitation and we argue that this demonstrates that the outflows from these AGN are directly impacting the surrounding ISM within the galaxies.
Spatially unassociated galaxies contribute significantly to the blended submillimetre galaxy population: predictions for follow-up observations of ALMA sources

There is anecdotal evidence that spatially and physically unassociated galaxies blended into a single submillimetre (submm) source contribute to the submm galaxy (SMG) population. This work is the first to theoretically predict the number counts of such sources. We generate mock SMG catalogues using lightcones derived from the Bolshoi cosmological simulation; to assign submm flux densities to the mock galaxies, we use a fitting function previously derived from the results of dust radiative transfer performed on hydrodynamical simulations of isolated disc and merging galaxies. We then calculate submm number counts for different beam sizes and without blending. We predict that > ~50 per cent of blended SMGs have at least one spatially unassociated component with S_850 > 1 mJy. For a 15-arcsec beam, blends of >2 galaxies in which at least one component is spatially unassociated dominate the blended sources with total S_850 > ~3 mJy. The distribution of the redshift separations amongst the components is strongly bimodal. The typical redshift separation of spatially unassociated blended sources is ~1. Our predictions for the contributions of spatially unassociated components and the distribution of redshift separations are not testable with currently available data, but they will be easily tested once sufficiently accurate redshifts for the individual subcomponents (resolved by, e.g., ALMA) of a sufficient number of single-dish-detected blended SMGs are available.
THE REMARKABLE γ-RAY ACTIVITY IN THE GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED BLAZAR PKS 1830–211

We report the extraordinary γ-ray activity (E > 100 MeV) of the gravitationally lensed blazar PKS 1830–211 (z = 2.507) detected by AGILE between 2010 October and November. On October 14, the source experienced a factor of ∼12 flux increase with respect to its average value and remained brightest at this flux level (∼500 × 10−8 photons cm−2 s−1) for about four days. The one-month γ-ray light curve across the flare showed a mean flux F(E > 100 MeV) = 200 × 10−8 photons cm−2 s−1, which resulted in a factor of four enhancement with respect to the average value. Following the γ-ray flare, the source was observed in near-IR (NIR)–optical energy bands at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory and in X-Rays by Swift/X-Ray Telescope and INTEGRAL/IBIS. The main result of these multifrequency observations is that the large variability observed in γ-rays does not have a significant counterpart at lower frequencies: no variation greater than a factor of ∼1.5 appeared in the NIR and X-Ray energy bands. PKS 1830–211 is then a good “γ-ray only flaring” blazar showing substantial variability only above 10–100 MeV. We discuss the theoretical implications of our findings.
A SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS IN THE SERPENS CLOUD CORE AND NGC 1333

We present spectral observations of 130 young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Serpens Cloud Core and NGC 1333 embedded clusters. The observations consist of near-IR spectra in the H and K bands from SpeX on the IRTF and far-red spectra (6000–9000 Å) from Hectospec on the Multi-Mirror Telescope. These YSOs were identified in previous Spitzer and Chandra observations, and the evolutionary classes of the YSOs were determined from the Spitzer mid-IR photometry. With these spectra we search for corroborating evidence for the pre-main-sequence nature of the objects, study the properties of the detected emission lines as a function of evolutionary class, and obtain spectral types for the observed YSOs. The temperatures implied by the spectral types are combined with luminosities determined from the near-IR photometry to construct Hertzsprung–Russell (H–R) diagrams for the clusters. By comparing the positions of the YSOs in the H–R diagrams with the pre-main-sequence tracks of Baraffe (1998), we determine the ages of the embedded sources and study the relative ages of the YSOs with and without optically thick circumstellar disks. The apparent isochronal ages of the YSOs in both clusters range from less than 1 Myr to 10 Myr, with most objects below 3 Myr. The observed distributions of ages for the Class II and Class III objects are statistically indistinguishable. We examine the spatial distribution and extinction of the YSOs as a function of their isochronal ages. We find the sources <3 Myr to be concentrated in the molecular cloud gas, while the older sources are spatially dispersed and are not deeply embedded. Nonetheless, the sources with isochronal ages >3 Myr show all the characteristics of YSOs in their spectra, their IR spectral energy distributions, and their X-ray emission; we find no evidence that they are contaminating background giants or foreground dwarfs. However, we find no corresponding decrease in the fraction of sources with infrared excess with isochronal age; this suggests that the older isochronal ages may not measure the true age of the >3 Myr YSOs. Thus, the nature of the apparently older sources and their implications for cluster formation remain unresolved.
Airway management practices among emergency physicians: An observational study

OBJECTIVES: Emergency airway management is an integral part of patient stabilization. It is an essential skill for an emergency physician to master. There is a paucity of literature on airway management from low-to-middle-income countries like India where emergency medicine (EM) specialty is still in its infancy. We conducted this study to identify the existing airway management practices among emergency physicians in our tertiary care center. This study could pave the way for national airway registries. METHODS: This prospective, observational study was conducted in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care center in India for 16 months. We included 166 patients who underwent emergency endotracheal intubation in the ED, irrespective of their age or underlying condition. The patients were observed for 15 min after intubation to identify any associated adverse events. We collected data about patients' demographic profile, indication for intubation, techniques of airway management, medications used, specialty of the physician performing intubation, use of preintubation and postintubation checklists, vitals before and after intubation, and any adverse events following intubation. RESULTS: A total of 166 patients who required definite airway management in the ED were recruited for the study. The mean age of patients was 45.5 ± 20.1 years. Males comprised 61.4% of the patients. One hundred and forty-four patients were nontrauma cases and the remaining 22 cases were related to trauma. The most common indication for emergency airway management was altered mental status among nontrauma encounters and traumatic brain injury among trauma patients. Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) was the most common method employed (72.9% of cases). The most common agents used for induction and paralysis were etomidate and rocuronium, respectively. Direct laryngoscope was used in about 95% of cases. The first pass success rate in our study was 78.3%. EM residents were able to perform orotracheal intubation for all patients and none required a surgical airway. The incidence of adverse events within 15 min of intubation was 58.4%. Common complications observed were desaturation, right mainstem bronchus intubation, and equipment failure. Postintubation cardiac arrest occurred in around 5% of cases. CONCLUSION: RSI remains the most common method employed for emergency airway management. There exists heterogeneity in the practice and its associated complications. Hence, regular surveillance, quality improvement, and training are imperative to provide good patient care.
How the competitors’ online reviews affect product performance in the dynamic competitive market: an empirical analysis of the movie industry

ABSTRACT Online consumer reviews have been shown to have a significant impact on the market performance of products. Yet little is known about the role of competing products’ online reviews in a dynamic competitive environment. Using field data, we investigate the impacts of online reviews of contemporaneous competing movies on the box office and attendance of a focal movie. The empirical results suggest that the competitor’s review rating, which displayed on the same ticketing page with a focal movie, has a negative impact on the economic performance of the focal movie. Interestingly, the competitor’s review volume has a negative impact only if its review rating is high. We further examine the heterogeneous effect in focal movies (sequels vs. non-sequels), and find the impacts of competitors’ reviews are stronger for non-sequels. Our research can help movie stakeholders optimize their market entry strategies, and provides theoretical implications for the research on online reviews.
New findings of intestinal alkaline phosphatase: effects on intestinal and organ health of piglets challenged with ETEC F4 (K88)

- The aim of this study was to assess the addition of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) to diets on the count of bacterial populations, pH of digestive organ contents, histopathological description, proinflammatory markers, hepatic glycogen reserve, and diarrhoea incidence of piglets challenged with Escherichia coli . Sixty-four crossbred piglets (7.16±0.28 kg body weight, 25-days-old) were assigned to four treatments in a completely randomised block design: negative control (NC), NC + antibiotic (ANT), NC + 15 mg IAP, or NC + 30 mg IAP kg −1 of diet, eight replications of two piglets per experimental unit. All piglets were orally challenged with 6 mL of a solution containing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 at 10 6 CFU mL −1 at 15 days of experimentation. The study lasted for 19 days. At the end of the experimental period, the piglets were slaughtered (six animals per treatment). Enterobacteriaceae in caecum and colon was lower in piglets on 30 mg IAP than with ANT and NC, ANT or 15 mg IAP, respectively. Enterobacteriaceae adhered to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) was greater in piglets fed ANT than the other treatments. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count in caecum was greater in piglets fed NC and ANT. In MLN, LAB count was greater in ANT and 30 mg IAP-fed piglets compared with 15 mg IAP. Piglets in 30 mg IAP in diet showed a tendency for lowering tissue necrosis compared with NC or ANT. Piglets fed 30 mg IAP showed a reduction in diarrhoea incidence in the pre- and post-challenge compared with 15 mg IAP and all other treatments, respectively. Based on the criteria, addition of 30 mg IAP to diet inhibits Enterobacteriaceae population and suggests a potential effect in mitigating intestinal injuries, as observed in piglets in the NC for some of the parameters investigated.
Local Hamiltonians in quantum computation

In this thesis, I investigate aspects of local Hamiltonians in quantum computing. First, I focus on the Adiabatic Quantum Computing model, based on evolution with a time dependent Hamiltonian. I show that to succeed using AQC, the Hamiltonian involved must have local structure, which leads to a result about eigenvalue gaps from information theory. I also improve results about simulating quantum circuits with AQC. Second, I look at classically simulating time evolution with local Hamiltonians and finding their ground state properties. I give a numerical method for finding the ground state of translationally invariant Hamiltonians on an infinite tree. This method is based on imaginary time evolution within the Matrix Product State ansatz, and uses a new method for bringing the state back to the ansatz after each imaginary time step. I then use it to investigate the phase transition in the transverse field Ising model on the Bethe lattice. Third, I focus on locally constrained quantum problems Local Hamiltonian and Quantum Satisfiability and prove several new results about their complexity. Finally, I define a Hamiltonian Quantum Cellular Automaton, a continuous-time model of computation which doesn't require control during the computation process, only preparation of product initial states. I construct two of these, showing that time evolution with a simple, local, translationally invariant and time-independent Hamiltonian can be used to simulate quantum circuits.
Designing for Longevity and Neutrality: Investigating How the Swedish Children’s Clothing Industry Implements Circular Economy Principles

Abstract As research has well established, the fashion industry has a significant and growing waste problem. In response, experts argue that our clothing needs to have a longer life. However, not all items of clothing can be used for a long period of time. Children’s clothing, for example, can quickly become obsolete, creating a waste issue. To explore this issue further, we examine the Swedish childrenswear market and how designing for the circular economy can address this market segment’s unique sustainability challenges. Rather than centering on a consumer perspective, we investigate the role of design in supporting the transition to a more circular children’s clothing industry. As a key contribution, this article demonstrates that there are more circular design strategies available than prior research has explicitly mentioned. In particular, we show how design for longevity and design for neutrality can help to overcome some of the sustainability challenges facing the industry.
RADIO PROPERTIES OF YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS IN THE CORE OF THE SERPENS SOUTH INFRARED DARK CLOUD

We present deep radio continuum observations of the star-forming core of the Serpens South Infrared Dark Cloud with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Observations were conducted in two bands centered at 7.25 GHz (4.14 cm) and 4.75 GHz (6.31 cm) with a &sgr; rms ? > of 8.5 and 11.1 μJy/beam, respectively. We also use 2MASS, Spitzer and Herschel data to put our radio observations in the context of young stellar populations characterized by near and far-infrared observations. Within a 5′ × 5′ region of interest around the central cluster, we detect roughly eighteen radio sources, seven of which we determine are protostellar in nature due to their radio spectral indices and their association with infrared sources. We find evidence for a previously undetected embedded Class 0 protostar and reaffirm Class 0 protostellar classifications determined by previous millimeter wavelength continuum studies. We use our infrared data to derive mid-infrared luminosities for three of our protostellar sources and find relative agreement between the known young stellar object (YSO) radio luminosity versus bolometric luminosity correlation. Lastly, we marginally detect an additional six radio sources at the 2–3σ level that lie within two arcseconds of infrared YSO candidates, providing motivation for higher sensitivity studies to clarify the nature of these sources and further probe embedded and/or low luminosity YSOs in Serpens South.
Bread as a Valuable Raw Material in Craft Ale Beer Brewing

One of the ingredients used for brewing is barley, which should be malted; it is considered the most polluting agricultural input. On the other hand, food wastage is today a widespread problem that causes significant environmental damage and also generates large economic losses worldwide. One of the most wasted food products is bread; it is estimated that hundreds of tons of bread are wasted every day worldwide. In this study, the brewing of ale beers with bread was carried out. For this purpose, up to 50% of the malt weight was replaced by different types of bread: wheat bread, whole wheat bread, rye bread, and corn bread. A physicochemical and sensory comparison was made with 100% malt ale beer. All beers brewed with bread had an alcoholic strength similar to that of the control beer, except the corn beer. Beers brewed with whole grain bread showed a higher antioxidant capacity and a higher total polyphenol content. The sensory analysis presented different profiles depending on the type of bread; in general, the addition of bread created a greater olfactory intensity in nose. Thus, it was found that it is possible to brew beer with bread substituting up to 50% of the malt. In addition, it was also shown that the beer brewed with whole wheat bread had similar characteristics to the control beer, even improving some beneficial health properties, representing a great advantage for the brewing industry all over the world.
Employee Disenchantment: The Development of a New Construct and Measure

This study developed a psychometrically sound measure of disenchantment, which had five factors demonstrating the targeted negative affect experienced as a result of poor treatment at work. The five factors are: Inequity and Unfairness, Broken Promises and the Psychological Contract, Organisational Lying, Hypocrisy and Deceit, Bullying and Mistreatment, and Distrust. Theoretical implications suggest that future research should look to account for employee disenchantment as a specific negative effect when researching Counterwork Behaviour (CWB). Implications and limitations are acknowl-edged.