Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk Perceptions of Environmental and Health Problems Associated with Artisanal Crude Oil Refining in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

When crude oil is artisanally refined, it releases compounds that contribute to environmental pollution and health problems. The perceptions regarding these problems could be instrumental in tackling the involvement in these illicit activities. This study thus assessed the perception of the environmental and health risks associated with artisanal refining of petroleum products in communities in Bayelsa State. The study was conducted among 615 adult residents of 3 selected communities in Bayelsa State. Multistage sampling was applied in selecting the respondents who provided responses to the administered questionnaires. Necessary ethical considerations were made during the conduct of this study. Results from the study indicate that respondents had good perception regarding the possibility that environmental and health risks could occur as a result of crude oil artisanal refining activities (Criterion mean: 2.5 (62.5%); Grand mean [environmental risks]: 3.25 [81.15%]; Grand mean [health risks]: 3.13 [78.32%]) respectively. The study found that the communities have good perceptions of environmental and health risks associated with the artisanal refining of crude oil in Bayelsa State. There is therefore need for sustained health education to maintain good perceptions of the health and environmental risks associated with petroleum-related artisanal refining.
Electrocatalysis of 2,6-Dinitrophenol Based on Wet-Chemically Synthesized PbO-ZnO Microstructures

In this approach, a reliable 2,6-dinitrophenol (2,6-DNP) sensor probe was developed by applying differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) decorated with a wet-chemically prepared PbO-doped ZnO microstructures’ (MSs) electro-catalyst. The nanomaterial characterizing tools such as FESEM, XPS, XRD, UV-vis. , and FTIR were used for the synthesized PbO-doped ZnO MSs to evaluate in detail of their optical, structural, morphological, functional, and elemental properties. The peak currents obtained in DPV analysis of 2,6-DNP using PbO-doped ZnO MSs/GCE were plotted against the applied potential to result the calibration of 2,6-DNP sensor expressed by ip(µA) = 1.0171C(µM) + 22.312 (R2 = 0.9951; regression co-efficient). The sensitivity of the proposed 2,6-DNP sensor probe obtained from the slope of the calibration curve as well as dynamic range for 2,6-DNP detection were found as 32.1867 µAµM−1cm−2 and 3.23~16.67 µM, respectively. Besides this, the lower limit of 2,6-DNP detection was calculated by using signal/noise (S/N = 3) ratio and found as good lowest limit (2.95 ± 0.15 µM). As known from the perspective of environment and healthcare sectors, the existence of phenol and their derivatives are significantly carcinogenic and harmful which released from various industrial sources. Therefore, it is urgently required to detect by electrochemical method with doped nanostructure materials. The reproducibility as well as stability of the working electrode duration, response-time, and the analysis of real environmental-samples by applying the recovery method were measured, and found outstanding results in this investigation. A new electrochemical research approach is familiarized to the development of chemical sensor probe by using nanostructured materials as an electron sensing substrate for the environmental safety (ecological system).
SALIVARICIN MMAYE1 PRODUCTION IS ENHANCED IN A NEW MEDIUM AND ACTS SYNERGISTICALLY WITH PENTOCIN MQ1

Resistance to conventional antimicrobials is burgeoning. Consequently, the world health has mandated researchers to develop novel antimicrobial agents as replacement for conventional antimicrobials. Of the potential alternatives, bacteriocins are widely considered lead compounds. Salivaricin mmaye1 and pentocin MQ1 are bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus salivarius SPW1 and Lactobacillus pentosus CS2 respectively. These bacteriocins have been reported to possess high antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. The overall objective of this study is to optimize production of salivaricin mmaye1 and evaluate its potential synergistic action with pentocin MQ1. Results revealed that Lactobacillus salivarius SPW1 is non-hemolytic and sensitive to most antibiotics screened but resistant to gentamicin, streptomycin and vancomycin. Resistance to these antibiotics is not mediated by plasmids. Genes encoding salivaricin mmaye1 production are not plasmid-borne. A new medium for high biomass accumulation was developed. Salivaricin mmaye1 production is optimum at pH values of 6 and 7. Salivaricin mmaye1 and pentocin MQ1 exhibited synergism against Micrococcus luteus, Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These findings provide a glimpse into future therapeutic applications of salivaricin mmaye1.
Gamma‐Ray Spectroscopy at TRIUMF‐ISAC: the New Frontier of Radioactive Ion Beam Research

High‐resolution gamma‐ray spectroscopy is essential to fully exploit the unique scientific opportunities at the next generation radioactive ion beam facilities such as the TRIUMF Isotope Separator and Accelerator (ISAC). At ISAC the 8π spectrometer and its associated auxiliary detectors is optimize for β‐decay studies while TIGRESS an array of segmented clover HPGe detectors has been designed for studies with accelerated beams. This paper gives a brief overview of these facilities and also presents recent examples of the diverse experimental program carried out at the 8π spectrometer.
Effect of Tasks Complexity and Visualization on Investment Decision-Making

ABSTRACT This study examines the differences in investment decision-making, as measured by the accuracy, confidence, and calibration levels of investment decisions between participants who receive tasks with different levels of complexity and information visualization. It involved a laboratory experiment among accounting students who had taken or were taking courses in Financial Statement Analysis and Investment and Capital Market Management. The final sample comprised 172 participants who passed the manipulation check and the general accounting knowledge test. A 2 × 2 (within subject) experimental design was used for the analysis: task complexity (high and low) and information visualization (high and low). The results indicate that for nonprofessional investors, the complexity of the task has the most effect on investment decision-making compared to information visualization. Nonprofessional investors obtain information with high visualization, tasks with high complexity can reduce the level of accuracy, trust, and calibration in their decision-making. This is because a nonprofessional investor is more focused on the difficulty of the assignments that must be resolved, and thus, even a high level of information visualization does not help in investment decision-making.
Impact of earnings and self-employment opportunities on overeducation: evidence from occupations in the United States labor market 2002-2016

ABSTRACT This is an applied econometric analysis of labour market data for the United States. We study the impact of several factors on overflow of overeducated employees into various job categories. We use panel data regression analysis with fixed and random effects. We also use data visualisation to investigate the overeducation trends during 2002–2016 for various occupation categories. Our dataset consists of seven sets of annual data for 704 occupations. We investigate this phenomenon at two levels: 1) overflow of university graduates into occupations that do not require a university degree, and 2) overflow of Masters and PhD degree holders into occupations that require a bachelor’s degree or less. We observe that the overeducation has increased in most occupations and it causes a crowding out effect; an adequately educated worker might be outcompeted by an overeducated worker. While the income premium of a university education has decreased over time, the income advantage of university education over a high school degree has persisted. Furthermore, our regression analysis has shown that the overeducation ratio has a positive correlation with the median earnings of an occupation and its opportunities for self-employment. The results hold for both college graduates and holders of graduate degrees.
Unitary representations of solvable Lie groups

© Gauthier-Villars (Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier), 1971, tous droits réservés. L’accès aux archives de la revue « Annales scientifiques de l’É. N.S. » (http://www. elsevier.com/locate/ansens) implique l’accord avec les conditions générales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/legal.php). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systématique est constitutive d’une infraction pénale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la présente mention de copyright.
Iron, Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Disturbance of the brain homeostasis, either directly via the formation of abnormal proteins or cerebral hypo-perfusion, or indirectly via peripheral inflammation, will activate microglia to synthesise a variety of pro-inflammatory agents which may lead to inflammation and cell death. The pro-inflammatory cytokines will induce changes in the iron proteins responsible for maintaining iron homeostasis, such that increased amounts of iron will be deposited in cells in the brain. The generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which is directly involved in the inflammatory process, can significantly affect iron metabolism via their interaction with iron-regulatory proteins (IRPs). This underlies the importance of ensuring that iron is maintained in a form that can be kept under control; hence, the elegant mechanisms which have become increasingly well understood for regulating iron homeostasis. Therapeutic approaches to minimise the toxicity of iron include N-acetyl cysteine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds and iron chelation.
“Being Diverse and Being Included, Don’t Go Together in Policing”—Diversity, Inclusion, and Australian Constables

Across the globe, there is little research that examines the impact of diversity on police practice, particularly whether it increases or decreases the competency of the police organization or whether police officers perceive diversity within the organization and the addition of diverse officers as positive or negative. Contributing new findings to the extant policing literature, this research analyzes data collected from interviews with forty-six constables working in one of the largest Australian state police organizations. Contributing five key findings regarding diversity and inclusion in policing, this research suggests that lack of acceptance of diversity broadly, and bias towards diverse identified officers, results in the exclusion of officers, and a workforce that is fragmented. The lack of unification constables in this research have with diverse colleagues is concerning given that a cohesive police team increases the safety of all officers, improves the effectiveness of police response, strengthens the communication between police and citizens (as well as communication within the organization), increases the morale of officers, and will support the legitimacy of the organization. Whilst constables in this study were not asked questions about their own implicit or explicit levels of bias towards members of diverse groups, the unsolicited responses from many of the constables, as well as the recognition of Whiteness in terms of the racial identity of many officers within the organization, suggests that constables in this study are biased towards officers that are not part of the majority group.
The Diverse Roles of 17β-Estradiol in Non-Gonadal Tissues and Its Consequential Impact on Reproduction in Laying and Broiler Breeder Hens

Estradiol-17β (E2) has long been studied as the primary estrogen involved in sexual maturation of hens. Due to the oviparous nature of avian species, ovarian production of E2 has been indicated as the key steroid responsible for activating the formation of the eggshell and internal egg components in hens. This involves the integration and coordination between ovarian follicular development, liver metabolism and bone physiology to produce the follicle, yolk and albumen, and shell, respectively. However, the ability of E2 to be synthesized by non-gonadal tissues such as the skin, heart, muscle, liver, brain, adipose tissue, pancreas, and adrenal glands demonstrates the capability of this hormone to influence a variety of physiological processes. Thus, in this review, we intend to re-establish the role of E2 within these tissues and identify direct and indirect integration between the control of reproduction, metabolism, and bone physiology. Specifically, the sources of E2 and its activity in these tissues via the estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ, GPR30) is described. This is followed by an update on the role of E2 during sexual differentiation of the embryo and maturation of the hen. We then also consider the implications of the recent discovery of additional E2 elevations during an extended laying cycle. Next, the specific roles of E2 in yolk formation and skeletal development are outlined. Finally, the consequences of altered E2 production in mature hens and the associated disorders are discussed. While these areas of study have been previously independently considered, this comprehensive review intends to highlight the critical roles played by E2 to alter and coordinate physiological processes in preparation for the laying cycle.
Growth and productivity of Kampung chicken fed with different protein levels

This research aimed to study the growth and productivity of kampung chicken fed with different protein level. Kampung chickens were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 10 replications. The treatments were Ration with 14% protein content (A), Ration with 16% protein content (B), Ration with 18% protein content (C) and Ration with 20% protein content (D). The variables observed were body weight, weight gain, consumption, FCR, digestibility, egg production, percentage of hatched eggs and income over feed. Data were analyzed by variance and if there was a significant difference between treatments (P<0.05), it was continued with Duncan's multiple distance test. The results showed that the protein level of the diet 18% significantly (P<0.05) increased weight gain, egg production, and better feed use efficiency. The provision of 20% protein gave the same effect (P>0.05) on growth, production. Income over feed costs tended to be lower in the protein level of the 20% than 18%. It can be concluded that kampung chickens reared in enriched cages with a ration protein level of 18% and metabolic energy of 2850 kcal/kg showed the best performance in terms of growth, production, hatch percentage, and income over fee cost.
The Role of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Occurrence of Regulated, Modified and Emerging Mycotoxins and Fungal Metabolites in Maize Kernels

The European Food Safety Authority is currently evaluating the risks related to the presence of emerging mycotoxins in food and feeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of soil fertility, resulting from different nitrogen fertilization rates, on the contamination of regulated mycotoxins and emerging fungal metabolites in maize grains. The trial was carried out in the 2012–2013 growing seasons as part of a long-term (20-year) experimental platform area in North-West Italy, where five different N rates, ranging from 0 to 400 kg N ha−1, were applied to maize each year. Maize samples were analyzed by means of a dilute-and-shoot multi-mycotoxin LC-MS/MS method, and more than 25 of the most abundant mycotoxins and fungal metabolites were detected. Contamination by fumonisins and other fungal metabolites produced by Fusarium spp. of the section Liseola was observed to have increased in soils that showed a poor fertility status. On the other hand, an overload of nitrogen fertilization was generally associated with higher deoxynivalenol and zearalenone contamination in maize kernels, as well as a higher risk of other fungal metabolites produced by Fusarium spp. sections Discolor and Roseum. A balanced application of N fertilizer, in accordance with maize uptake, generally appears to be the best solution to guarantee an overall lower contamination by regulated mycotoxins and emerging fungal metabolites.
Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC)

Los mapas conceptuales son herramientas graficas para organizar y representar conocimiento. Ellos incluyen conceptos, generalmente encerrados en circulos o cajitas de algun tipo, y relaciones entre los conceptos indicadas por una linea conectiva que enlaza dos conceptos. Las palabras sobre la linea, denominadas palabras de enlace o frases de enlace, especifican la relacion entre los dos conceptos. Definimos concepto como una regularidad percibida en eventos u objetos, o registros de eventos u objetos, designados por una etiqueta. La etiqueta para la mayoria de los conceptos es una palabra, sin embargo algunas veces utilizamos simbolos tales como + o %, y algunas veces se usa mas de una palabra. Las proposiciones son afirmaciones sobre un objeto o evento en el universo, ya sea que ocurra naturalmente o sea construido. Las proposiciones contienen dos o mas conceptos conectados mediante palabras o frases de enlace para formar una afirmacion con significado. Algunas veces estas son llamadas unidades semanticas o unidades de significado. La Figura 1 muestra un ejemplo de un mapa conceptual que describe la estructura de los mapas conceptuales e ilustra las caracteristicas anteriormente descritas. La Teoria Subyacente a los Mapas Conceptuales y a Como Constru. http://cmap.ihmc. us/publications/ResearchPapers/TeoriaCmap.
The Invention Studio: A University Maker Space and Culture.

Creativity, invention, and innovation are values championed as central pillars of engineering education. However, university environments that foster open-ended design-build projects are uncommon. Fabrication and prototyping spaces at universities are typically ‘machine shops’ where students relinquish actual fabrication activities to trained professionals or are only accessible for academic assignments to highly trained students. The desire to make design and prototyping more integral to the engineering experience led to the creation of The Invention Studio, a free-to-use, 3000 ft 2 maker space and culture at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Though initially founded specifically for the Capstone Design course, the Invention Studio has taken on a life and culture of its own, far beyond just a capstone design prototyping lab. There, 1000 student users per month create things (using $1M of capital equipment), meet, and mentor each other for at least 25 courses as well as independent personal projects. The Invention Studio is centrally managed and maintained by an undergraduate student group with support from the university staff and courses. In this descriptive program implementation report, the underlying motivation, organization, facilities, outreach, safety, funding, and challenges are presented in order to guide others in the creation of similar environments. The Invention Studio’s primary uses and impacts on students are described.
The use of online social network sites during the COVID-19 pandemic as a protective or risk factor for well-being of university students

During the COVID-19 period, the use of social network sites (SNSs) has been reported to increase. The present study aimed to explore whether, on balance, their use serves the well-being of university students positively as a source of social capital and entertainment, or negatively as a source of information about the COVID-19 pandemic. It focused on a sample of 339 university students, a group which is known to have a high risk of well-being problems. Students completed the demographic information form, the use of SNSs form, and the World Health Organization Well-Being Index. The use of SNSs form included items on SNS use in terms of daily duration, usage patterns (active and passive use) and reasons with regard to social capital (bridging and bonding social capital) and entertainment, and the perceived change in these quantitative and qualitative aspects of SNS use compared to the pre-COVID period. It also measured the level of exposure to COVID-19 related information on SNSs. It was found that the increase in the duration of SNS use predicted the well-being score negatively whereas the increase in active use and use for bonding social capital related reasons predicted it positively. These findings suggest that the quantity and the quality of SNS use are differently related to the well-being of university students. The active use of SNSs, particularly for the purpose of connecting with the close networks might constitute protective factors for student well-being in the case of health emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic.
The relationship between globalisation and economic growth in West Africa

Economic integration among countries, as a result of globalisation, could be beneficial to trading partners if properly handled through appropriate regulation of production, distribution, and consumption. However, it appears developing countries often do not benefit from their economic relations with other countries at advanced stages of developed. It is in view of this that this research was conducted with concentration on West Africa. In this study Panel Cointegration Techniques including Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares and Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality Test were applied using time series on Gross Domestic Product, Exports, Imports and Foreign Direct Investment of eight West African countries from 1960–2019. While a positive and significant long run causal relationship was found between Exports, Imports as aspects of globalisation and Gross Domestic Product, there was an observed negative long run relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Gross Domestic Product. Export promotion, hight import tariffs, the local content initiative, liberal migration policies and strong regulatory machinery were recommended.
The subgroup separability of free products of two free groups with cyclic amalgamation

A lubricant for use in the processing of plastics is disclosed. The lubricant comprises a polyalkylene oxide made from a monomer selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, non-substituted, 1,2-alkylene oxides containing from about six to about 40 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, said polyalkylene oxide having an average molecular weight from about 1,000 to about 6,000. Also disclosed is a process for using such lubricants in the shaping of thermoplastic polymers.
Kisspeptin Modulation of Reproductive Function

Kisspeptin is a peptide expressed mainly in the infundibular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Kisspeptin plays a crucial role in the regulation of reproductive functions. It is regarded as the most important factor responsible for the control of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, the onset of puberty, and the regulation of menstruation and fertility. Kisspeptin activity influences numerous processes such as steroidogenesis, follicular maturation, ovulation, and ovarian senescence. The identification of kisspeptin receptor mutations that cause hypogonadotropic hypogonadism has initiated studies on the role of kisspeptin in puberty. Pathologies affecting the neurons secreting kisspeptin play a major role in the development of PCOS, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, and perimenopausal vasomotor symptoms. Kisspeptin analogs (both agonists and antagonists), therefore, may be beneficial as therapy in those afflicted with such pathologies. The aim of this review is to summarize the influence of kisspeptin in the physiology and pathology of the reproductive system in humans, as well as its potential use in therapy.