Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivation and Academic Performance: An Inter-country Comparison

The objective of this paper is to explore the impact of amotivation on academic performance and to test whether the impact of motivation on academic performance differs across students from China and the U.S. Using data from Chinese and U.S. students located in their home countries, we find amotivation negatively impacts academic performance of both groups of students. We also show that external motivation is positively associated with academic achievement. While these findings are consistent with results from previous studies, we extend the understanding on the relationship between motivation and academic performance by demonstrating that the magnitude of the detrimental impact of amotivation differs between students in the two countries and that the positive impact of higher levels of external motivation provides similar benefits for both groups of students.
The effect of quality control system on audit quality

The objective of this research id to assess the effect of Quality Control System elements. i.e. relevant ethical terms and independency, on audit quality and to identify the moderating role of professional skepticism on the effect of quality control system on audit quality. The population of this research auditor working in Indonesian Big Ten public accounting firms, from which 252 auditors were selected as the sample. Using PLS-based SEM in SmartPLS, this study finds that relevant ethical terms and independency affect audit quality and that professional skepticism moderates the effect of independence on audit quality, but it does not moderate the effect of relevant ethical terms on audit quality. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee SSBFNET, Istanbul, Turkey. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Radish production under different shading screens and mulching

Shading Screens and mulching may provide a favorable environment for radish growing in regions of adverse climates. This work aimed to evaluate the radish productivity under the influence of different shading screens associated with the presence and absence of mulch in two different years. The experiment was carried out in two different seasons (2017 dry season and 2018 rainy season), in the vegetable garden of Liberdade campus, at the University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony (Unilab), municipality of Redencao-CE. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a split-plot arrangement, with four repetitions, in which the plots consisted of growing with and without mulching and in the subplots, five shading screens: 50% Black Shading Screen (50% BSS), 50% Red Shading Screen (50% RSS), 30% White Shading Screen (30% WSS), 70% Black Shading Screen (70% BSS) ), and full sunlight (FS). The red shading screens 50% and white 30%, in addition to cultivation under full sunlight, provide higher performance in terms of the number of leaves, tuberous root diameter, tuberous root matter, and the radish crop productivity, regardless of the evaluated period. The applied mulch does not influence the productivity of the rabante, influencing only the gain of dry mass of the aerial part, soluble solids and length of the tuberous root.
Language solidarity, vitality and status: Sibe family language attitudes in North-western China

ABSTRACT This paper reports on a study of 148 Sibe youths and their parents from the Charbuchar Sibe Autonomous County of Xinjiang, North-western China, investigating their attitudes toward their mother tongue. Language attitude questionnaires that looked into the youths’ and their parents’ perceptions of their mother tongue’s solidarity (friendliness, beautifulness, usefulness and learnability), status (significance in the country, in economic development, in daily life and in cultural wealth) and vitality (including linguistic, extralinguistic and related factors) were used to collect data. The results show that Sibe youth were more pessimistic than their parents about the solidarity and vitality of the Sibe language, but shared their parents’ optimistic perceptions of the Sibe language’s status. Parents’ attitudes differed by education, income, profession and residence, with high-income, highly educated parents in urban centres holding more pessimistic attitudes than low-income, rural parents. Students’ attitudes also varied by gender and grade levels, with girls being more positive than boys. The findings suggest that concerted efforts in school, home, and communities, especially in urban communities, must be devoted to bridging the intergenerational gaps in language attitudes. Emphasis should also be placed on supporting youths,’ especially boys,’ ethnic identity and affirmation.
Urban Agglomeration and Firm Innovation: Evidence from Asia

This paper examines the relationship between urban agglomeration and firm innovation using a recently developed dataset that consistently measures city boundaries across Asia together with geo-referenced firm-level data. It finds that the spatial distribution of innovation by firms is highly concentrated within countries. Further, firms in larger cities have substantially higher propensities to introduce product and process innovations and to undertake R&D activities, a result that holds for subgroups of countries and even when the largest cities are excluded from the analysis. Finally, the presence of high-quality universities and highly ranked engineering departments in cities is positively associated with firm innovation, lending support to the idea that the accumulation of human capital locally is a key channel through which urban agglomeration affects innovation.
125. Impact of GA and NAA on Horticultural Traits of Abelmoschus esculentus

To increase growth and yield of okra, an experiment was conducted in Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh using some growth hormones. It was used BARI Dherosh 1 as genetic materials and some growth regulators viz. G : Control (fresh water); G : GA (Gibberellic acid) and G : NAA (Naphthalene 0 1 3 2 acetic acid) @ 50 ppm. Tallest plant (89.0 cm), longest petiole (29.0 cm), number of leaves (49.0/plant), leaf area (29.7 cm ), number of branches (5.5/plant), fresh weight (84.5 g/plant), dry weight (10.9 g/plant), number of pods 2 (33.4/plant), pod length (17.5 cm), pod diameter (1.7 cm) and yield (338.1 g/plant, 2.9 kg/plot and 16.4 t/ha) was found from G which was statistically identical with G while minimum from G . GA and NAA have the 1 2, 0 3 potentiality to increase the yield of okra, but GA was found to be most effective in the present study. 3
Ameliorative role of neem (Azadiracta indica) leaves ethanolic extract on testicular injury of neonatally diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin

ABSTRACT One of diabetes mellitus complications is the disturbance in the structure and functions of male reproductive organs. The present study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative role of Azadiracta indica leaves extract against adverse effects of diabetes on the structure and function of the testicular tissue of rats neonatally induced by streptozotocin. Twenty-four male Albino rats at 6 weeks old were used in the present study and divided into four groups (n=6). Group 1: control group, group 2: neem leaves extract supplemented group. Group 3: diabetic group that received a single I.P dose of Streptozotocin and group 4: diabetic group supplemented with neem leaves extract. The obtained results revealed significant decreased levels of testicular antioxidants, serum testesterone and significant increased levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoprotein but a remarkable decrease in high density lipoprotein in diabetic rats. Also, the testicular tissues of diabetic rats displayed several histological and ultrastructural changes especially in the spermatogenic and interstitial cells as well as overexpression of COX-2 protein if compared with control. Post-supplementation of neem leaves extract to STZ- induced diabetic rats, revealedremarkable amelioration in most of disrupted estimated parameters.
Effect of Corner Shape on Hydraulic Performance of One-Cycle Rectangular Labyrinth Weirs

The hydraulic performance of rectangular labyrinth weirs has been investigated by many researchers, however, the effects of the corner shape on the hydraulic performance of rectangular labyrinth weirs have not been addressed in the current literature. Accordingly, this experimental study aims to explore the effect of the corner shape of on discharge efficiency of rectangular labyrinth weirs. Five flat-crested rectangular labyrinth weirs, with five different corner shapes, were made of High-Density Polyethylene Plastic (HDPE) and tested in a rectangular flume. Under different overflow discharges, the discharge coefficients for the rectangular labyrinth weirs were determined. The results showed that the shape of corners for rectangular labyrinth weirs was an effective factor. For example, rounding or beveling the corners can significantly increase the discharge capacity of the rectangular labyrinth weirs. However, the rounded corner shape was slightly better than the beveled corner shape. Among all labyrinth weir models tested in this study, the rectangular labyrinth weir with a semi-circular apex showed the highest hydraulic efficiency, while the one with an acute-angle corner shape showed the lowest hydraulic efficiency. For the rectangular labyrinth weir having a semi-circular shape, although the original effective length reduced by about 14%, the discharge coefficient, CL, increased by 16.7% on average. For the rectangular labyrinth weir that has an acute-angle corner shape, although the effective length (LC) of the weir increased by 23%, its discharge capacity decreased by 35.2% on average. Accordingly, improper folding of the side-walls of the rectangular labyrinth weir led to a significant reduction in the weir’s hydraulic performance.
DOLARİZASYON OLGUSU:2008 FİNANSAL KRİZİNDEN SONRA TÜRKİYE’DE DOLARİZASYON İNCELEMESİ

Bu calismanin amaci dolarizasyon kavrami hakkinda detayli bilgiler vererek, ozellikle Turkiye’de son yillarda etkisini artiran dolarizasyon etmenleri aciklamak ve 2008 finansal ekonomik krizinden sonra ortaya cikan ortamda Turkiye’nin dolarizasyon pozisyonlarini detaylariyla beraber incelemektir. Dunya ekonomilerinde belirsizliklerin arttigi kriz donemlerinde ismi daha cok anilmaya baslayan dolarizasyon, kuresel ekonomide finansal krizlerin ortaya cikmasiyla daha da ilgi cekici bir hal almistir. Dolarizasyon en yalin haliyle bugunun finansal dunyasinda kendisine guvenilen yabanci para birimleri uzerinden finansal islemlerini gerceklestirmek olarak tanimlanabilir. Bu duruma sebep olan onemli bir faktor olarak, finansal krizlerden sonra genellikle ortaya cikan enflasyonist baskinin hane halki uzerindeki olumsuz etkisidir. Hane halkinin bu duruma cozum saglanmasini amaclayarak, finansal istikrari saglamak adina guven duyulan yabanci para birimlerine yoneltmesi ve ozellikle ithal urunlerin fiyatlarinin dogrudan yabanci para birimleri uzerinden belirlenmesiyle ortaya cikan zincirleme bir surectir. Calismada, enflasyon ile dolarizasyon olgusu karsilastirmali olarak incelenecek ve dolarizasyonun hane halki uzerindeki finansal etkisinin sonuclari ortaya koyulacaktir.
Exploring the transcriptome of luxI− and ΔainS mutants and the impact of N-3-oxo-hexanoyl-L- and N-3-hydroxy-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactones on biofilm formation in Aliivibrio salmonicida

Background Bacterial communication through quorum sensing (QS) systems has been reported to be important in coordinating several traits such as biofilm formation. In Aliivibrio salmonicida two QS systems the LuxI/R and AinS/R, have been shown to be responsible for the production of eight acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) in a cell density dependent manner. We have previously demonstrated that inactivation of LitR, the master regulator of the QS system resulted in biofilm formation, similar to the biofilm formed by the AHL deficient mutant ΔainSluxI−. In this study, we aimed to investigate the global gene expression patterns of luxI and ainS autoinducer synthases mutants using transcriptomic profiling. In addition, we examined the influence of the different AHLs on biofilm formation. Results The transcriptome profiling of ΔainS and luxI− mutants allowed us to identify genes and gene clusters regulated by QS in A. salmonicida. Relative to the wild type, the ΔainS and luxI− mutants revealed 29 and 500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. The functional analysis demonstrated that the most pronounced DEGs were involved in bacterial motility and chemotaxis, exopolysaccharide production, and surface structures related to adhesion. Inactivation of luxI, but not ainS genes resulted in wrinkled colony morphology. While inactivation of both genes (ΔainSluxI−) resulted in strains able to form wrinkled colonies and mushroom structured biofilm. Moreover, when the ΔainSluxI− mutant was supplemented with N-3-oxo-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3OC6-HSL) or N-3-hydroxy-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3OHC10-HSL), the biofilm did not develop. We also show that LuxI is needed for motility and for repression of EPS production, where repression of EPS is likely operated through the RpoQ-sigma factor. Conclusion These findings imply that the LuxI and AinS autoinducer synthases play a critical role in the regulation of biofilm formation, EPS production, and motility.
The effect of pyruvate accumulation on whole yeast cell transamination

The interest in biocatalytic approaches for the synthesis of chiral amines has increased during the last decades due to their potential in the synthesis of cardiovascular, antihypertensive and antiemetic drugs and for the preparation of optically pure carboxylic acids. Two methods have been reported for the synthesis of chiral amines by ωtransaminases: asymmetric synthesis and kinetic resolution. During kinetic resolution pyruvate is required as amine acceptor and is further converted into L-alanine. Pyruvate is the end metabolite of the glycolytic pathway. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pyruvate is further catabolized using either pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) that converts pyruvate into acetaldehyde that is the precursor of ethanol or via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). The inhibition or deletion of PDC has been reported to promote pyruvate accumulation. In the present study, two approaches were followed to decrease the PDC activity: (i) deleting the major structural encoding genes, PDC1 and PDC5, or (ii) deleting THI2 which encodes the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of PDC’s co-factor thiamine. Both strategies were attempted in a S. cerevisiae strain carrying the ωtransaminase from Capsicum chinense for the kinetic resolution of a R,S-phenylethylamine racemate (R,S-PEA). The desired strains were successfully constructed and confirmed through PCR and phenotypic behaviors. However, only the THI2 deleted strain expressing the heterologous ω-transaminase was successfully isolated. The thiamine concentration during growth prior to fermentation was crucial for the pyruvate accumulation during the fermentations. The minimal thiamine concentration to achieve a good ratio between pregrowth and pyruvate accumulation was 0.05 μM. Anaerobic fermentations and aerobic cultivations were performed in Verduyn medium to confirm the pyruvate accumulative phenotype and screen the thiamine concentration effect with 20 g/L and 50 g/L of glucose. The maximum pyruvate titer of 1.31 g/L was achieved. The pyruvate titer was improved 5.7 when compared to the control strain during anaerobic fermentations in Verduyn medium. After confirmation of the desired phenotype, kinetic resolution of R,S-PEA was performed in phosphate buffer under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Despite increased pyruvate accumulation, the kinetic resolution was not improved possibly due to a low initial amine concentration. The reasons for such assumption are related with similar ethanol titers observed in kinetic resolution reactions and pyruvate accumulation fermentations and also the residual pyruvate accumulation during kinetic resolution
Major QTLs for Resistance to Early and Late Leaf Spot Diseases Are Identified on Chromosomes 3 and 5 in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Early and late leaf spots are the major foliar diseases of peanut responsible for severely decreased yield in the absence of intensive fungicide spray programs. Pyramiding host resistance to leaf spots in elite cultivars is a sustainable solution to mitigate the diseases. In order to determine the genetic control of leaf spot disease resistance in peanut, a recombinant inbred line population (Florida-07 x GP-NC WS16) segregating for resistance to both diseases was used to construct a SNP-based linkage map consisting of 855 loci. QTL mapping revealed three resistance QTLs for late leaf spot qLLSA05 (phenotypic variation explained, PVE=7-10%), qLLSB03 (PVE=5-7%), and qLLSB05 (PVE=15-41%) that were consistently expressed over multi-year analysis. Two QTL, qLLSA05 and qLLSB05, confirmed our previously published QTL-seq results. For early leaf spot, three resistance QTLs were identified in multiple years, two on chromosome A03 (PVE=8-12%) and one on chromosome B03 (PVE=13-20%), with the locus qELSA03_1. 1 coinciding with the previously published genomic region for LLS resistance in GPBD4. Comparative analysis of the genomic regions spanning the QTLs suggests that resistance to early and late leaf spots are largely genetically independent. In addition, QTL analysis on yield showed that the presence of resistance allele in qLLSB03 and qLLSB05 loci might result in protection from yield loss caused by LLS disease damage. Finally, post hoc analysis of the RIL subpopulation that was not utilized in the QTL mapping revealed that the flanking markers for these QTLs can successfully select for resistant and susceptible lines, confirming the effectiveness of pyramiding these resistance loci to improve host-plant resistance in peanut breeding programs using marker-assisted selection.
DUS descriptor characterization of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) genotypes

A study was carried out at ICAR KVK Chamarajanagar to characterize thirty three black turmeric genotypes for twenty five characters as per the multiscale scores guidelines of DUS. Among the characters studied, four characters viz., leaf margin, number of mother rhizome, coma bract colour and bract tip colour were found monomorphic, eleven were dimporphic and ten were polymorphic. Vigour of the plant viz., tall plants, long petiole & lamina length and broader leaves were considered as a morphological characters for selection of adoptable genotypes (GKM-2, GKB-3, GKJ-5, GOK-19, GAP20, GMI-22, GNF-27, GMR-31) to local conditions. Pseudo stem anthocyanin colouration of GAB12, GMI22 and GNP31 is unique. All the genotypes had coloured coma bract and exhibited rose bract tip. Variations in the inner core colour of black turmeric rhizomes have been emphasized. Greenish blue & pale green colour of the rhizome inner core can be use as a marker for identification of the GKJ5 & GMV6 genotypes respectively. Genotypes GAB-13 and GAB-14 were found to be short duration type of less than 210 days; earliness can be a marker for GAB-13 and GAB-14 genotypes. The variations observed using DUS characters offers a bright scope for selection based on desirable morphological traits, which can be potential in utilization for trait specific selection.
JORDAN * DERIVATIONS IN SEMIPRIME INVERSE SEMIRING WITH INVOLUTION

We define and study ∗derivations and Jordan ∗derivation of inverse ∗semiring. In our main result we show that the results concerning Jordan ∗derivation in semiprime rings with involution due to Vukman [14] are considered and classified in the direction of inverse ∗semirings.
The Associations Between Computational Thinking and Creativity: The Role of Personal Characteristics

Computational Thinking (CT) and creativity are considered two vital skills for the 21st century that should be incorporated into future curricula around the world. We studied the relationship between these two constructs while focusing on learners’ personal characteristics. Two types of creativity were examined: creative thinking and computational creativity. The research was conducted among 174 middle school students from Spain. Data collected using a standardized creativity test (Torrance's TTCT) were triangulated with data drawn from students' log files that documented their activity in a game-based learning environment for CT (Kodetu). We found some interesting associations between CT and the two constructs of creativity. These associations shed light on positive associations between each of the two creativity constructs and CT acquisition, as well as between the two creativity constructs themselves. Additionally, we highlight differences between boys and girls, as girls were found to be more creative on both creativity measures. Other differences associated with school affiliation, prior coding knowledge, and technology affinity are also discussed.
Studying the effect of
 
 Allium sativum
 
 and
 Bunium persicum
 essential oils on histamine production in Mahyaveh, an Iranian seasoned fish sauce

Mahyaveh is a traditional seasoned fish sauce in Iran that its histamine level is above the hazardous limit defined by food safety systems. This study aimed to add Allium sativum (A. sativum) and Bunium persicum (B. persicum) essential oils (EOs) at four concentrations including 0 (control), 0.1, 1, and 2%, as effective antimicrobial agents to monitor changes in the level of histamine at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Histamine ELISA Kit was used for histamine determination and mean values of histamine were compared using SPSS. The level of histamine in 0.1% B. persicum, 0.1% A. sativum, and control at day 30 was 8,403.05, 10,596.15, and 16,339.00 mg/kg, respectively. The results show that the level of histamine in all treatments containing A. sativum and B. persicum EOs at all concentration as well as all days was lower than the control group. Additionally, significantly lower level of histamine was observed in all B. persicum treatment group in compare to A. sativum treatment. While sensory evaluation was considered, no significant differences between the control and treatments in overall acceptance scores were seen. This study suggested that A. sativum and B. persicum EOs at 0.1% concentration could be useful strategy to reduce histamine level in the Mahyaveh. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Mahyaveh as a fermented fish sauce in Iran has been proved to contain high levels of histamine which is hazardous for public health. It is necessary to reduce the level of histamine. In the present work, we use two different natural products and monitored its effect on histamine content of Mahyaveh for 120 days. Our results indicated that the addition of low concentration of Allium sativum or Bunium persicum essential oils could effectively reduce histamine level in Mahyaveh without affecting sensory acceptance. This could be considered as practical strategy to reduce potential hazards of histamine in Mahyaveh or other fermented fish sauces.