Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targeted and passive environmental DNA approaches outperform established methods for detection of quagga mussels, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis in flowing water

The early detection of invasive non-native species (INNS) is important for informing management actions. Established monitoring methods require the collection or observation of specimens, which is unlikely at the beginning of an invasion when densities are likely to be low. Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a highly promising technique for the detection of INNS – particularly during the early stages of an invasion. Here, we compared the use of traditional kick-net sampling with two eDNA approaches (targeted detection using both conventional and quantitative PCR, and passive detection via metabarcoding with conserved primers) for detection of quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis; a high priority INNS, along a density gradient on the River Wraysbury, UK. All three molecular tools outperformed traditional sampling in terms of detection. Conventional PCR and qPCR both had 100% detection rate in all samples, and outperformed metabarcoding when the target species was at low densities. Additionally, quagga mussel DNA copy number (qPCR) and relative read count (metabarcoding) were significantly influenced by both mussel density and distance from source population, with distance being the most significant predictor. Synthesis and application. All three molecular approaches were more sensitive than traditional kick-net sampling for the detection of the quagga mussel in flowing water, and both qPCR and metabarcoding enabled estimates of relative abundance. Targeted approaches were more sensitive than metabarcoding, but metabarcoding has the advantage of providing information on the wider community, and consequently impacts of INNS.
Choosing and Refusing

This chapter deals with the question of how migrants might be justly selected when no individual migrant has a right to move. It considers three possible bases for differentiation: randomness, identity (including religion and race), and skills. The chapter defends the thought that some forms of preference are unjust, even if no one has an antecedent claim to the good of migration. The chapter concludes with an examination of the difficulties that follow, in the real world, from the application of these ideas. It suggests we might face a tragic dilemma—in which we cannot both do justice now and ensure the perpetuation of justice in the future.
Developing a learning video of the total station for building stake out

This study aims to develop a learning video of the total station for building stake out, and evaluating its feasibility. This study applied a Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate (4D) research and development model by Thiagarajan. The findings are as follows. (1) The developed product is a learning video of 351,690 kilobyte (KB) in an MP4 format with the duration of 10 minutes 18 seconds. (2) The feasibility scores of the developed learning video, on a scale of 1-4, are 3.64 by the learning media expert, 3.64 by the learning material expert, and 3.24 by the students.
Adaptive evolution of chestnut forests to the impact of ink disease in Spain

Phytophthora cinnamomi (Pc) is an extremely destructive soil‐borne pathogen of Asiatic origin responsible for “ink disease” in chestnut. This work assesses the adaptive potential to the impact of Pc of four Spanish populations of Castanea sativa undergoing different selection pressures. To explore the evolvability of C. sativa to Pc in the selected populations, parameters obtained from neutral and functional genetic diversity were compared with estimates of quantitative genetic variability. Nine expressed sequence tags‐simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers were selected and their transferability and polymorphism in 137 C. sativa individuals were evaluated. To test the potential of EST‐SSR markers for early selection of Pc tolerant plant material, the offspring of selected individuals were challenged with Pc. Expressed sequence tags‐simple sequence repeat markers and seedling life expectancy after Pc inoculation revealed significant different responses of C. sativa populations to Pc. The genetic variability observed within populations showed the potential response capacity of Spanish C. sativa populations to undergo fast adaptive evolution. The heritability value obtained for the “life expectancy” variable (h2 = 0.21 ± 0.11) indicated that selection for resistance to Pc is possible. Genetic patterns reflected two evolutionarily meaningful groupings of populations, corresponding to the different selective pressure of the oomycete between sites. The differentiation coefficient obtained through markers classified as under neutral selection (FST = 0.185) was lower than the quantitative genetic differentiation of “life expectancy” between C. sativa populations (QST = 0.682), providing evidence that selection acted spatially in a heterogeneous manner. A first link has been identified in trees between population structure and adaptive responses to pathogen‐induced selection. The study identified one marker under positive selection that could be used in marker assisted selection to predict resistance to Pc in non‐inoculated C. sativa trees.
Processing fluency scale development for consumer research

Processing fluency or the subjective experience of ease that consumers can experience when processing information is a prominent construct in consumer research. Despite its prevalence, however, its measurement has been inconsistent. The present research addresses this methodological gap in literature by developing and testing a scale for assessing the subjective experience of processing fluency. This scale demonstrates strong evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, reliability, and nomological validity across different processing fluency manipulations and marketing contexts. Use of this scale will allow marketing practitioners and academicians to consistently measure a psychological state that is known to have ubiquitous effects on downstream consumer outcomes including trust, attitude, and choice. Researchers can administer this four-item scale by having participants indicate their agreement (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree) on whether a given marketing communication (e.g., ad copy) is (a) difficult to process, (b) difficult to read, (c) takes a long time to process, and (d) difficult to understand.
Experience of being an advanced practice nurse within Australian acute care settings: a systematic review of qualitative evidence

Background Nationally and internationally, advanced practice nurses are working under various titles and in different contexts to address gaps within healthcare systems. Analysis of advanced practice roles in different countries has been undertaken, but due to variations in cultural, geographical and professional factors, it is difficult and perhaps ineffectual to compare roles between countries. Contextual factors may also affect the actual experience of being an advanced practice nurse. A systematic review was therefore undertaken of qualitative evidence on the experience of being an advanced practice nurse in Australia, to provide deeper understanding of the role in the defined context. Methods The review followed the method for qualitative synthesis as per the Joanna Briggs Institute. An extensive search was undertaken of databases and online resources to find published and unpublished studies. Papers from 1990 to October 2011 which met specified inclusion criteria were appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument. Results Three published studies and one unpublished dissertation were included in the review. From these studies, 216 findings were extracted and these were formed into 18 categories. Six meta-syntheses grouped under the headings of expert knowledge, confidence, education, relationships, negative experiences and patient-centred experience were created. Organisational factors impact greatly on the experience, professionally and personally. Conclusions Heterogeneity of role titles makes synthesis a difficult process, but contextualising the population provides a pragmatic approach to informing the status of the advanced practice nurse discourse. The review identifies positive and negative experiences of being an advanced practice nurse in Australian acute care settings with overlapping and intertwining findings that reinforce the complexity of the role.
Linking Corporate Environmental Performance to Financial Performance of Pakistani Firms: The Roles of Technological capability and Public awareness

This research investigates the corporate environmental performance (CEP) literature toward its financial performance of the firm. CEP is defined as the exercise and practices of companies to choose sensible measures to save and develop environment-friendly green activities. The influence of CEP on the financial performance of the firm via technological capability was examined. Furthermore, public awareness was hypothesized to moderate the impact of CEP on technological capability indicating moderation mediation. When public awareness was high, the relationship between the CEP and technological capability should be stronger. Content analysis was used for data collection. The model was tested using a sample of 1491 observations from the manufacturing companies of Pakistan. The data were collected between the period 2008 and 2017 from the annual reports of the companies, State Bank of Pakistan, and Pakistan Stock exchange. A hierarchical regression analysis was used for data analysis. Using bootstrap analysis, we used model 8 in Stata to examine conditional direct and indirect effects. Results supported the indirect effect of CEP on financial performance through strengthening technological capability. Both direct and indirect effects were significant. Consistent with theoretical assumptions, the indirect effect becomes stronger with high public awareness and diminished with low public awareness. Both theoretical and practical contributions are discussed based on the outcomes.
Voluntary training undertaken by stroke patients during the recovery phase and related factors

doi.org/10.11336/jjcrs.7. 29 Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci Vol 7, 2016 ABSTRACT Ihara M, Mizuma M, Kawate N. Voluntary training undertaken by stroke patients during the recovery phase and related factors. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2016; 7: 29-38. Objective: This study assessed factors related to voluntary training undertaken by stroke patients. Methods: Patients who had been hospitalized for 1 or more months after stroke completed a questionnaire regarding their background, disease characteristics, voluntary training, outcome expectations, efficacy expectations, and the degree of life satisfaction. The Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used for analysis. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the number of training days per week and the number of months after stroke. However, there was no significant correlation between the number of training days per week and outcome expectations, efficacy expectations, and the degree of life satisfaction. Conclusions: The factor related to the number of voluntary training days per week undertaken by stroke patients during the recovery phase was the number of months after stroke. In this period, outcome expectations, efficacy expectations, the degree of life satisfaction, and voluntary training by stroke patients may not be related. This may be because patients have mental agitation or a low degree of satisfaction during this period.
Comparison Between Measuring of Lipid Profile in Fasting and Non-Fasting States: A Cross-Sectional Study from Iraq

Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is usually determined by measuring lipid profiles in fasting state. Recent researches showed that non-fasting lipid profiles changed minimally in response to food and may be superior to the prediction of CVD. Objectives: To evaluate whether there is any change in the measurement of lipid profile in fasting and non-fasting states and its effect on patients’ management. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed from January to November 2017, on 194 patients with an age range of 20 to 78 years, attending Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center (FDEMC) and Basrah General Hospital. Clinical, demographic and laboratory characteristics of the participants were collected in fasting and non-fasting states. Results: Both triglycerides (TG) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were significantly higher when measured in the non-fasting state (P = 0.004, 0.004), with a mean increase in TG by 29.39 ± 60 mg/dL (0.3 ± 0.6 mmol/L), and VLDL-C increase by 5.9 ± 12.3 mg/dL (0.15 ± 0.31 mmol/L). These patterns of changes in TG and VLDL-C were observed mainly in patients aged < 55 years, women, obese patients, non-smokers, diabetics, hypertensive, non-CVD patients, and patients without statins. While total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) did not change significantly. Conclusions: The study showed that non-fasting measurements of both TG and VLDL were significantly higher compared to the fasting state. A finding that was not present in TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C measurements.
Uma Análise do Impacto do Anonimato em Comentários de Notícias Online

In the last years, with the growth of the Internet as a mean of communication, a large number of people has changed the way they consume news, replacing the traditional newspapers and magazines by virtual and online versions and/or web blogs. One of the reasons online news have attracted users is because of the opportunity to comment and express their feelings and opinions about them. In this work, we analyze the content of comments of the online newspaper Reuters news in which we consider the users can comment anonymously, and Facebook in which comments are associated to an identity, often their real world identity. Our goal is to investigate whether users behave differently considering their anonymity or not. More specifically, we intend to verify whether there are significant linguistic differences between comments posted in an anonymous environment (Reuters) and in an environment in which their identity is usually known (Facebook). In addition, we propose to analyze the reactions of users when they are anonymous or not, to headlines with different sentiment associated with them. Our results indicate that linguistic characteristics change according anonymity, and also that users tend to be more negative when they are anonymous. Resumo. Nos últimos anos, com o crescimento da Internet como meio de comunicação, um grande número de pessoas mudou a maneira de consumir notícias, substituindo os tradicionais jornais e revistas impressos por suas versões virtuais online e/ou web blogs. Uma das razões pelas quais as notícias online têm atraído usuários é a oportunidade de comentar e expressar seus sentimentos e opiniões sobre as mesmas. Neste trabalho, analisamos o conteúdo de comentários online postados em notícias do jornal Reuters, no qual consideramos que o usuário posta anonimamente, e do Facebook, onde o usuário está associado a uma identidade, frequentemente a sua identidade no mundo físico. Nosso objetivo é investigar se existe variação no comportamento do usuário considerando o seu anonimato ou não. Mais especificamente, trabalhamos no sentido de verificar se existem diferenças linguísticas significativas entre o comentário postado no ambiente onde é conferido ao usuário certo grau de anonimato (jornal Reuters) e no ambiente onde espera-se que este grau de anonimato não exista (Facebook). Além disso, nos propomos a analisar as reações dos usuários quando eles estão anônimos ou não, para manchetes com diferentes sentimentos associados a elas. Nossos resultados indicam que o conteúdo de comentários postado em notícias pelos usuários no ambiente anônimo e não anônimo, possuem características linguísticas particulares. Além disso, mostramos que o usuário tende a ser mais negativo quando encontra-se anônimo.
Regression and Correlation Analysis of Some Morphological and Agronomic Characters in F2 Generation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice is a cereal plant and staple food for most Indonesian people. One of the causes of the problem is decrease of wetland and lowland area which have impact on national level production. One of the efforts to increase rice production is selection to get desired trait. Regression and correlation analysis to determined the relationship among characters that can be used as a consideration for selection criterion. The purpose of this study is to know the relationships between morphological and agronomic characters in rice plant of F2 generation. This study was conducted at the Experimental Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Jatimulyo Village, Malang, between June and August 2018. Planting materials were population of F2 generation (SBCH, SBCB, TWCH dan TWCB). All of the populations planted in area 25 m x 3 m with spacing 60 cm x 60 cm. Based on the result, all of the populations showed that there was positif linear relationship between plant height and panicle length, number of tiller, and number of productif tiller. TWCH population showed strong and significant positive correlation in leaf length and number of tiller. Very strong and significant positive correlation showed by all of F2 generation in plant height with panicle length and number of productive tillers with number of tillers.
Integration of occupational therapists into family medicine groups: Physicians’ perspectives

Introduction Occupational therapists remain poorly integrated into family medicine groups in Canada. Physicians are key partners because they can advocate for resources and formulate recommendations to improve the quality of services delivered in their clinics. It is important to explore their perception of the occupational therapist’s role in family medicine groups and the factors influencing their integration. Method A descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Six family physicians participated in an individual interview. Results were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Physicians consider that occupational therapists can meet the needs of diverse primary care clients. Benefits of this integration include improved clients’ functional status, early screening for developmental and age-related problems, and timely access to required care. The main barriers to integration are lack of funding, space and knowledge of the occupational therapist’s role. The strategies identified to facilitate integration are promoting and clarifying the role of occupational therapists in family medicine groups and developing effective integration models. Conclusion According to physicians, the inclusion of occupational therapists in family medicine groups could help primary care teams address many of their clients’ needs and improve the overall quality of primary care services. Targeted strategies are needed to promote the integration of occupational therapists into this practice context.
On the enduring relationship between masculinity and homophobia

Recent research in the social sciences suggests a methodological paradox as scholars work to make sense of the contemporary relationship between masculinity and homophobia. Representative surveys consistently find dramatically decreasing levels of sexual prejudice among all groups, among men and young men in particular. Qualitative scholarship, however, continues to find that enactments of homophobia remain integral components of contemporary masculine identities. In this article, we make sense of this shift and apparent methodological inconsistency. We do not question which measure is best. Instead, we argue for a need to understand the ways that gendered sexual prejudice transforms in ways that allow the relationship between masculinity and homophobia to endure—sometimes even when it appears to be in decline.
Knowledge Sharing Behaviour by Librarians in Federal Universities in Nigeria

The ongoing debate in the international community’s is on the evaluation of knowledge sharing and its impact on organisational effectiveness. Librarians play a pivotal role in helping the university to realise the objective of teaching, learning and research. Librarians provide access to information resources and services to support the vision and mission of their parent institution. Knowledge are being created daily in organisation, hence, they should be shared. Although, there have been researches on knowledge sharing by librarians in Nigeria but the focus have always been on sectional part or on one or two geo-political zones, without national study as scope of study. This study therefore investigated knowledge sharing by librarians in federal universities in Nigeria. The population of study comprised 654 librarians from 40 federal universities in Nigeria. A total enumeration technique was used to cover 654 librarians. The descriptive statistics was employed for data analysis. 518 respondents filled and returned the questionnaire, given a response rate of 79.2%. The results revealed that the level of knowledge sharing by librarians is high ( =98.47. SD =11.54). The channel of knowledge sharing by librarians varies significantly from face-to-face to the use of social media. Significant difference exists on knowledge sharing by librarians based on the universities. The study concludes that librarians are not only knowledge managers but also knowledge disseminators. Therefore, library administrators should establish as well as formalised knowledge sharing hours in the library so that the culture of knowledge sharing can be maintained among the librarians. Recognition and incentives be given to librarians who share knowledge so that they can share more knowledge.
Factors for nonadherence to first line art therapy in a cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive adult patients

Background: Antiretroviral therapy is one of the reasons for falling trend of HIV epidemic at present. The clinical efficacy, toxicity and reasons for failure of first line ART is understudied. This study aimed to determine the frequency rates and reasons for discontinuation of first line ART in a cohort of HIV positive adult patients. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on 11,968 patients of HIV registered at Victoria Hospital ART centre from 2011 to 2017. Using a structured proforma, relevant information was collected from patients taking first line ART. Descriptive statistics was used for analysing the results obtained. Results: Total 11,968 HIV patients were registered at ART centre during our study period of which only 4,008 patients were taking ART among them, 167 patients were referred for initiation of 2nd line ART. After evaluation 28 were continued on First line,1 opted out, 20 were transferred out,1 discontinued treatment, 17 died, 14 were lost to follow up, 5 were excluded from the study and only 81 patients were started on second line ART. Failure rate of first line ART in our study was 2.02%. Immunological failure followed by clinical failure were the most common reasons for changeover in this study. Tuberculosis was the most common comorbid disease in this study. Conclusions: First line ART is very effective and well tolerated and has a low failure rate. Low CD4 count, anaemia, raised ALP, low albumin were among the factors associated with treatment failure. WHO staging did not correlate with the treatment failure, recommended routine viral load monitoring for assessing treatment failure.