Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Polymorphisms of DNA Repair and GST Genes on Genotoxic Damage and Mutagen Sensitivity in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Very Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation

The study investigated the influence of genetic polymorphisms of the enzymes for DNA repair and detoxification of reactive intermediates on spontaneous and bleomycin-induced (BLM) genotoxic damage in 43 workers exposed to very low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) (mean cumulative dose 5.31 mSv) and 43 subjects with no occupational exposure to IR (controls). In all the subjects examined, the frequency of chromosome aberrations (CAs) and micronuclei (MN), both spontaneous and BLM-induced, the Comet assay parameters (tail intensity), the genotypic variants of the DNA repair enzymes XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, Arg399Gln), XRCC3 (Thr241Met), XPD (Lys751Gln), and of the detoxification enzymes GSTM1 and GSTT1 (null genotype) and BLMH (A1450G) were determined. Among the biomarkers considered, only the frequency of total CAs (p < 0.05), and in particular of chromosome breaks (p < 0.01), was found to be significantly higher in the exposed workers than the controls. The frequency of spontaneous MN was higher in subjects with at least one allelic variant in XRCC1 than in carriers of the wild-type, but again only in exposed workers (p = 0.046). Linear regression analysis showed a positive dependency of the frequency of spontaneous chromosome breaks on occupational exposure, and a dependency of the frequency of BLM-induced MN negative on occupational exposure and positive on alcohol consumption and the null GSTM1 genotype. In conclusion, the frequency of chromosome breaks seems to be a useful cytogenetic biomarker for exposure to very low doses of IR, while only the combined effect of different gene variants or genetic, occupational, and lifestyle habits factors seems to be able to modulate the genotoxic effect of very low doses of IR.
The Effects of 2 Type SAQ Training on Primary School Students’ Physical Fitness and Cognitive Function

The aim of this research was to evaluate two kinds of SAQ training for elementary school children on physical fitness and cognitive function. One hundred and twenty children were allocated equally to three groups: a control group (C), the SAQ of hand (SAQ-H), and the SAQ of leg (SAQ-L) groups. All participants were measured Trail Making Test A and B (TMT A & B), run 20-meter dash, Shuttle and Zig-Zag Run, Zig-Zag Run, a reaction time of hand and leg, and coordination. The C and SAQ-H groups had a significant difference in hand reaction time and coordination. The C and SAQ-L groups had a significant difference in coordination. There was no significant difference between groups for TMT A&B, run 20-meter dash, Shuttle and Zig-Zag Run, and Zig-Zag Run. The C group had increased significantly in some dependent variables after training. The SAQ-H and the SAQ-L groups had significantly increased in almost dependent variables after training. In conclusion, there was no important distinction between SAQ-H and SAQ-L in the enhanced physical fitness and cognitive function of elementary school students. However, the SAQ-H and SAQ-L could improve primary school students ' physical fitness and cognitive function. Keywords— SAQ, physical fitness, cognitive function
Implementing Equal Pay Policy: Clash Between Gender Equality and Corporatism

Abstract:More often than not gender equality policies are good on paper but fall foul of politicized implementation processes. The reasons behind this are becoming a key area of investigation for feminist scholarship on the implementation of gender policies. This article analyzes the barriers to implementing gender equality policies in a corporatist regime. Focusing on the 2007 nurses' industrial action in Finland, the article considers the case of "Nancy the Nurse," which aimed at negotiating higher wages for nurses. Our findings suggest that the corporatist regime effectively prevented the implementation of gender equality policy, thus upholding the status quo and maintaining current wage relativities.
Has fiscal expansion inflated house prices in China? Evidence from an estimated DSGE model

A canonical DSGE model for housing, extended to embrace government spending and government investment, is estimated on Chinese data to evaluate the impact of fiscal policy on house prices. Government spending substitutes for housing; a rise in government spending lowers house prices, but its impact is weak. Government investment generates a wealth effect, causing housing demand, and therefore prices, to rise; its variation had a substantial impact on the boom-bust cycles of house prices in the past decade. Both government spending and government investment are effective instruments for manipulating output. However, their different impacts on house prices would recommend policies to count more on spending if fiscal expansion is not to sacrifice the stability of house prices.
Modulation of Pituitary Response by Dietary Lipids and Throughout a Temperature Fluctuation Challenge in Gilthead Sea Bream

Low temperatures provoke drastic reductions in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) activity and nourishment, leading to growth arrest and a halt in production. However, scarce data exist concerning the implications of central core control during the cold season. The aim of this work was to study the effects of low temperature and recovery from such exposure on the pituitary activity of sea bream juveniles fed 18% or 14% dietary lipid. A controlled indoor trial was performed to simulate natural temperature fluctuation (22 °C to 14 °C to 22 °C). Meanwhile, we determined the regulatory role of the pituitary by analyzing the gene expression of some pituitary hormones and hormone receptors via qPCR, as well as plasma levels of thyroidal hormones. In response to higher dietary lipids, hormone pituitary expressions were up-regulated. Induced low temperatures and lower ingesta modulated pituitary function up-regulating GH and TSH and thyroid and glucocorticoid receptors. All these findings demonstrate the capacity of the pituitary to recognize both external conditions and to modulate its response accordingly. However, growth, peripheral tissues and metabolism were not linked or connected to pituitary function at low temperatures, which opens an interesting field of study to interpret the hypothalamus–pituitary–target axis during temperature fluctuations in fish.
PREDICTION OF DETERIORATION OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS BY MECHANISTIC- EMPIRICAL METHODS A. BELAY

Cracking of an asphalt layer arises from repeated tensile strains, the maximum value of which typically occurs at the bottom of the layer (particularly for thinner asphalt layers). The crack, once initiated, propagates upwards causing gradual weakening of the structure. The development of a rut arises from the accumulation of permanent strains throughout the structure. A model of pavement damage accumulation, leading to a prediction of pavement life, is described. In addition to pavement damage, the model allows for the spatial repeatability of traffic loading and differences in the progression of damage at different points along the road. The procedure is divided into four main areas: dynamic vehicle simulation; pavement primary response calculation; pavement damage calculation and damage feedback mechanism. The modes of damage that are included in the model are structural rutting and fatigue damage to the asphalt layers. These primary response influence functions are combined with the dynamic tyre forces, to give primary pavement response time histories at a large number of equally spaced discrete points along the pavement. The primary responses are combined with the appropriate pavement damage models and the number of load applications, to predict damage (rutting and fatigue damage) as a function of distance along the pavement for each time increment. An updated surface profile is then generated by subtracting the calculated rutting in the wheel path from the initial profile used for that time increment. This mechanism accounts for the effects of changing surface roughness on the pattern of statistical spatial repeatability and hence the pattern of mean dynamic tyre force. The calculated fatigue damage is used to reduce the stiffness of the asphaltic material for each subsection. This mechanism reflects the effects of cumulative fatigue damage on the primary responses and hence subsequent pavement damage. The above process is then repeated for many time increments until the pavement has reached the end of its serviceable life. The model gives many insights into the nature of the deterioration process and the changing pattern of spatial repeatability as the profile deforms.
University of Birmingham Weaving true-concurrent aspects using constraint solvers

—Large system models usually consist of several simpler models that can be understood more easily. Making changes to the behaviour of a component will likely affect several models and could introduce accidental errors. Aspects address this by modelling new functionality required in several places as an advice , which can be integrated with the original base models by specifying a pointcut . Before checking that the overall outcome is correct, we need to weave the cross-cutting advice into the base models, and obtain new augmented models. Although considerable research has been done to weave models, many such approaches are not fully automated. This paper looks at aspect weaving of scenario-based models, where aspects are given a true-concurrent semantics based on event structures. Our contribution is a novel formal automated technique for weaving aspects using the Z3-SMT solver. We compare the performance of Alloy and Z3 to justify our choice.
Effect of Internal Control Systems on Financial Performance of Distribution Companies in Kenya

There is a general consensus that internal Control systems are important management tools in financial management. There has been controversy as to why there is a declining profitability trends among Small and Medium scale Enterprises despite government’s commitment to availability of funds. Economic Survey 2017 statistics indicate a tremendous growth in profitability of small and medium scale Enterprises in Kenya over the last ten years; constituting about 96 per cent of all business enterprises in the country; yet 71% of the business start-ups do not operate beyond their third anniversary. Empirical studies on internal control systems yielded mixed results and focused on different firms rather than SMEs. However, little is known on the effect of internal control systems on the financial performance of distribution companies. The main objective was to analyze the effects of internal control systems on financial performance of small and medium distribution companies. The specific objectives of the study were to: determine the effect of control activities; find out the effect of risk assessment; establish the effect of information and communication on financial performance Moonbluez Enterprises Limited. The study was anchored on Agency and Reliability theory, and a conceptual framework showing the interaction between internal control systems as the independent variable and financial performance as the dependent variable. Correlational and case study design was adopted targeting all the 38 employees while employing census survey technique. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and secondary data was collected from relevant books, journals and periodicals. Reliability and validity of the instrument was checked using test-retest technique and expert reviews and Pilot study was conducted of the 4 employees of Moonbluez enterprises. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis was employed to analyze the data. Presentation was done by the use of tables and charts. The results of the study may help identify gaps within the systems of internal control at Moonbluez Enterprises Limited and in the distribution industry at large especially among small and medium sized entities. Further the study may also add to the existing knowledge bank regarding book keeping, internal controls and financial performance among small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya. Scholars and researchers who would like to carry out more studies on internal Controls and financial performance in small and medium sized entities may find the study beneficial. Keywords: Financial Performance, Internal control, Risk Assessment, Control activities DOI : 10.7176/RJFA/10-20-02 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
INTERSEKSI BUDAYA DAN PERADABAN NEGARA-NEGARA DI SAMUDRA HINDIA: PERSPEKTIF INDONESIA

This study focused on the relationship between ethno-religious identification and support for intergroup violence in Indonesia. It employed a cross-cultural comparative research design involving Muslim and Christian respondents from different ethnic groups in two research areas. One of these areas, Ambon, experiences frequent eruptions of inter-group violence, while the other, Yogyakarta, is relatively peaceful; while disputes have occurred occasionally, they have not led to massive intergroup violence. This research used a mixture of quantitative and qualitative approaches This study finds stronger identification with religion than with ethnicity. Muslims show greater ethnoreligious identification than Christians. It also presents evidence for the proposition regarding religiocentrism in which a positive evaluation of the religious in-group is related to in-group identification and induces derogatory attitudes towards out-groups. The findings are also consistent with propositions concerning nationalistic attitudes which suggest that increased ethno-religious identification reduces nationalism. Keyword: ethnicity, religion, ethno-religious identification, support for violence, perceived group threat, religiocentrism, nationalism
Corporate Governance and Seasoned Equity Offerings

We investigate how governance affects investor confidence in seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) and the cost of raising external equity. Using a differences-in-differences approach with business combination statutes as an external shock, we find investors become worried about non-productive use of SEO proceeds when the law change weakens external pressure for good governance. We buttress this finding by identifying a channel through which governance causes heterogeneous investor reaction to SEO announcements--increases in capital expenditures following SEOs. Also consistent with the governance based explanation, market reaction is more negative when issuers have prior records of value-reducing acquisitions and weaker alignment of managerial incentives to shareholder value. The magnitudes of these impacts are surprisingly large, explaining most of negative market reactions to primary offerings. Secondary offerings are met with strong negative reactions due to signaling effects; however, our data show no evidence in support of the adverse selection hypothesis. This Draft: February 22, 2011 JEL classification: G32, G34
Comparison of validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Diet History Questionnaire for assessment of energy and nutrients intakes in an Iranian population.

Background Dietary intakes are important for development and prevention of chronic disease. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) has been suggested as an acceptable feasible method for assessing the association of dietary intake and disease. However, FFQs are sensitive to dietary habits and culture and should be valid in the study population. Aims We investigated the validity of the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) and the Food Frequency Questionnaire in healthy Iranians. Methods Participants were healthy relatives of cancer patients in the Cancer Institute of Iran. They participated in face-to-face interviews. We took telephone based 24-hour recalls every 2 months over a 1-year period. Assuming the mean intakes of 24-hour recalls as the gold standard, we estimated Pearson correlation coefficients to measure the reliability of the FFQ and the DHQ. We investigated how the FFQ or DHQ categorized individuals in different intake groups comparing with the 24-hour recalls. Results Overall, 102 subjects took part in our study. Deattenuated Spearman correlations were ≥ 0.5 for energy, carbohydrate, protein, carotene, niacin, folate, vitamin B12, biotin, vitamin C, iron, zinc and selenium in both DHQ and FFQ. Level of agreement with 24-hour recall in classifying individuals into different categories of intakes ranged from 0.81 for riboflavin and carotene to 0.92 for carbohydrate and zinc in the DHQ and from 0.75 for riboflavin to 0.96 for carbohydrate in the FFQ. Conclusions Both DHQ and FFQ were valid in assessing most nutrient intakes and classifying individuals in different categories of intakes in the Iranian population.
Effect of a Comprehensive Health Care Program on Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, and Depression in Older Adults Living Alone: A Quasi-Experimental Pretest–Posttest Study

This study explored the effects of a comprehensive health-care program (CHCP) on blood pressure, blood glucose, body composition, and depression in older adults living alone. We used a quasi-experimental, two-group, pretest–posttest design. The CHCP consisted of open lectures, health counseling, exercise classes, nutrition counseling, and self-help group meetings at a local senior welfare center. Fifty-eight subjects participated in this study, with thirty subjects in the experimental group and twenty-eight subjects in the control group. Data were analyzed by using the descriptive statistics, χ2-test, and t-test. Comparisons of the pretest and posttest systolic blood pressure (t = −2.530, p < 0.016) and blood glucose (t = 3.089, p < 0.004) between the experimental and control groups showed significant differences. In both the experimental (t = 3.949, p < 0.001) and control groups (t = 3.816, p < 0.002), depression symptoms showed a significant decrease posttest, compared with pretest. Our findings infer that older adults require physical and psychosocial health care and that more efforts must be made to improve the general health and well-being of this population group.
Climate Smart Livestock Production: Evaluation of suitable adaptation and mitigation options for livestock production in Africa View project Modulation of rumen fermentation to improve poor quality forage utilisation by ruminants View project

Urea treatment of protein deficient feeds serve as a source of ammonia nitrogen supply for rumen fermentation. This study was undertaken with the objective of determining the effect of treating Eragrostis curvula hay with varying levels of urea or nitrate on digestibility and in vitro fermentation. Grass hay was sprayed with urea solution at 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% DM and calcium nitrate was used as a replacement of urea on an iso-nitrogenous basis. This was followed by 30 days anaerobic storage in airtight bottles with each treatment having three replicates. Following anaerobic treatment, hay samples were dried, milled and evaluated for their chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility, and in vitro fermentation and methane production. Feed treatment with both urea and nitrate reduced ADF content of hay, while crude protein content was increased. In vitro organic matter digestibility of treated hays increased with inclusion levels although urea recorded higher values than nitrate. Nitrate treatment significantly reduced in vitro methane by 14-33% while there was no significant methane reduction in the urea treated diets. Total volatile fatty acid, ammonia N and pH across treatments were statistically not different (P>0.05). While urea treatment seems to improve digestibility better, it did not confer additional benefits when compared to nitrate treatment that provided the additional benefit of methane reduction with an acceptable level of improvement in feed digestion and fermentation. Nitrate can thus be incorporated into feed treatment to improve the nutritional value of poor quality hays.
Relationship between food and growth in young crucian carps, Carassius auratus cuvieri, as dete-

The relation between food and growth of fish is one of the most important aspects of fish production. In this field, there seems to be three kinds of generally accepted measurements : estimates of weight increments, determination of energy budgets and measurement. of nitrogen budgets (Paloheimo & Dickie 1966a) . Most papers deal mainly with food-growth relations in terms of weight increments and energy budgets of fish, while only a few have investigated the nitrogen budgets of fish (Morgulis 1918, Gerking 1952 1955a, Krivobok 1956, Pandian 1967 and Birkett 1969) . Although measurements of body increments and of energy budgets as an index for growth_ include the changes of fafland carbohydrate deposition of the body, the accumulation of these substances does not contribute significantly to true growth, because the growth is defined as the formation of new cells which is associated with the: synthesis of new protoplasm. In this sense, the nitrogen retention as an indicator of growth may be considered as most nearly representing the synthesis. of new protoplasm (Gerking 1955a) . For this reason, the present study, conducted during the summer of 1969, investigated growth and conversion of food into body substance in terms of nitrogen in crucian carp, Carassius auratus cuvieri Temminick et Schlegel. Most nitrogen balance investigations deal nitrogen retention in fish over a. prolonged period (Gerking 1952, 1955a, Pandian 1967 and Birkett 1969) . Increments were computed by substracting body nitrogen content on the first day of the
The Intervening Role of Value Added Intellectual Capital on The Relationship between Corporate Governance and Firm Value

The purpose of this research is to analyze the direct impact of board structures on intellectual capital and firm value. The intellectual capital has a role as the mediating variable between corporate governance and firm value. Corporate governance is indicated by board size, gender diversity, and managerial ownership. Intellectual capital and firm value are measured by VAICTM and Tobin’s Q approximation respectively. Specifically, this study is conducted in the consumer goods sector during 2010-2015 in Indonesia and Malaysia. Total samples gathered from Indonesia Stock Exchange and Bursa Malaysia are 25 Indonesia companies (150 firm-year) and 106 Malaysia companies (636 firm-year). Partial least square is applied in order to examine the research model. The findings support all the proposed hypothesis, that corporate governance in both Indonesia and Malaysia have a positive significant impact on intellectual capital and value. In both countries, intellectual capital also has a positive significant impact. However, the main driver of significance on intellectual capital is different. Furthermore, intellectual capital in Malaysia is successfully intervening in the relationship between board structures and firm value