Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF CITY AND URBAN SPRAWL IN BABOLSAR

Introduction The dominant form of cities has been urban sprawl worldwide which created multi socioeconomic and environmental problems. Critics believe that this form of urban growth is the most unsustainable expansion of cities resulted from Intensive use of private cars and haphazard urban land use planning. The issue dictated planners to seek for a more sustain and healthy urban form which could guarantee the balanced growth of cities, and so the compact city was one the most defended form for the contemporary urbanism. Now the main question was that which one of urban form i.e. compact or sprawls provide better quality of life? There are many issues which should be considered in first place and then to determine the best option for urban growth. Initially, the level life satisfaction is related to different socio-economic status and the mode of transportation of urban residents and other factors. Urban sprawl common in USA, Australian and Canada is different with the same phenomena in Iran and the majority of developing countries. The Mega polises of Tehran, Mashhad, Tabriz and others are the results of an inefficient economic development triggered urban-biased and therefore led to the huge rural-urban migration towards the urban fringes where pulls most of the local municipalities’ financial resources and con not coined as “American dream”. This paper tries to use objective indicators to analysis the unbalanced growth of Babolsar city which now threatened the quality of life and its environment. The research applied Entropy method and density to define the city form and also tests of T and F accompanied with SPPS to measure environmental quality. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ  E-mail: farajiamin55@yahoo.com Tel: 09378234721
Compression deformation characteristics of saturated bentonite and sand-bentonite mixtures

The compression tests are completed on saturated bentonite and sand-bentonite mixtures with different preparations. The test results show that the compression curves present a bilinear shape, which is different from that of ordinary normal consolidated clays. The coefficient of lateral earth pressure of saturated bentonite at-rest is obtained by K0-oedometer; and the K0 value is greater than that of ordinary clays. The change in the lateral stress is obtained during the water uptake test on compacted sand-bentonite mixtures which is transited from unsaturated to saturated states. The compression curves of compacted specimens saturated by the water uptake test and the vacuumized methods tend to be consistent in the relatively high stress range. Thus the vacuumized method for saturating the specimens can be adopted to save time for performing the water uptake test. The concept of skeleton void ratio is used to judge if the sand skeleton is formed in sand-bentonite mixtures, and to obtain main factors affecting the compression behaviour of the mixtures.
Factors associated with longer hospital admission in elderly patients with major neurocognitive disorder

Background Major neurocognitive disorder presents many challenges to patients, families and healthcare systems, especially when a patient requires admission to a psychiatric hospital. Aim To identify characteristics of older patients with major neurocognitive disorder at risk of prolonged admission in a psychiatric hospital. Setting A tertiary psychiatric hospital in Gauteng province, South Africa. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of the hospital database and clinical files. Clinical and demographic data were collected from the files of 50 inpatients, 60 years and older, who were diagnosed with major neurocognitive disorder and admitted between 2015 and 2019. Anonymised data from patient records were captured on an electronic spreadsheet and analysed using T-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to investigate the relationship between patient characteristics and length of hospital admission. Results The mean duration of admission was 18.29 months. Involuntary admission status (β = 0.239, p = 0.049), level of assistance required (moderate level of assistance [β = 0.378, p = 0.005]; high level of assistance [β = 0.336, p = 0.015]), availability of social support (β = −0.319, p = 0.016) and the presence of behavioural or psychological problems (β = 0.437, p = 0.002) were significantly correlated with longer admission. Using a stepwise regression model, the only significant variable associated with a shorter length of stay was the presence of social support (β = −0.512, p = 0.009). Age, type of major neurocognitive disorder and number of comorbidities were not correlated with the duration of admission (p > 0.005). Conclusion and contribution Social support plays an important role in the management of patients with major neurocognitive disorder. The findings in this study highlight healthcare shortages and a need for adequate placement facilities in South Africa for patients who have no other form of support.
The effect of density on yield and some agronomical and physiological traits of Amaranth )Amaranthus spp ( .

Grain Amaranth is a C4 crop with potentially increasing cultivation area. Yet, no standards exist for optimum plant density. The aim of this study was to determine crop possibilities and how crop density affects Amaranth agronomical, physiological and biological grain production and yield. A field experiment was conducted in Aliabad Gorgan in Golestan Province in 2010. Two genotypes (Amaranthus cruentus( amar ,)Amaranthus hypochondriacus( Anna, were established at four densities (17, 35, 70 and 140 plants m 2 by hand thinning at a row spacing of 30 cm. Plant samples were hand-harvested for the determination of leaf area index and total shoot biomass. The results show that the effect of cultivar on seed thousand weight was significant. Seed thousand weight average for Amar was 0.61 and for Anna was 0.65, but the cultivar has no significant effect on seed yield. The effect of density on seed yield and seed thousand weight was significant and the most seed yield obtained from 140 plants per m 2 and the least from 17. Increasing plant population decreased thousand seed weight and in both cultivars, the most seed thousand weight was belonged to 17 plants per m 2 treatment . The results show that the effect of density on total dry matter, stem dry matter and leaf dry matter was significant and the most total dry matter, stem dry matter and leaf dry matter achieved from 140 plants per m 2 . The effect of cultivar on leaf area index was not significant but the Interaction between variety and density on leaf area index was significant.
The Complex Image Method for Simulating Wave Scattering in Room Acoustics

The Image Method (IM) has become increasingly popular for small-room acoustics simulations. While it gives an exact solution of the wave equation in shoebox-rooms with rigid walls, the assumption of rigidity is not valid in real rooms. Based on spherical wave reflection from an infinite wall, several authors have independently developed what is known as the Complex Image Method (CIM). However, its adoption in room acoustics has been rare, although it has been shown to give performance equivalent to the boundary element method in shoebox rooms with soft-walls. In this paper, we review the theory behind CIM and provide a Python implementation to study directional scattering patterns as a function of wall impedance. For a highly symmetrical room, room impulse responses simulated with CIM are shown to have less so-called "sweeping echoes" than those simulated by IM.
Exploiting Music Source Separation For Singing Voice Detection

Singing voice detection (SVD) is an essential task in many music information retrieval (MIR) applications. Deep learning methods have shown promising results for SVD, but further performance improvements are desirable since it underlies many other tasks. This work proposes a novel SVD system combining a state-of-the-art music source separator (Demucs) with two downstream models: Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Network (LRCN) and a Transformer network. Our work highlights two main aspects: the impact of a music source separation model, such as Demucs, and its zero-shot capabilities for the SVD task; and the potential for deep learning to improve the system’s performance further. We evaluate our approach on three datasets (Jamendo Corpus, MedleyDB, and MIR-IK) and compare the performance of the two models to a baseline root mean square (RMS) algorithm and the current state-of-the-art for the Jamendo Corpus dataset.
Geocronologia e aspectos estruturais e petrológicos do Pluton Bravo, Domínio Central da Província Borborema, Nordeste do Brasil: um granito transalcalino precoce no estágio pós-colisional da Orogênese Brasiliana

The Bravo Pluton (State of Paraiba) is an ellipsoidal stock formed by porphyritic monzo/syenogranites, dioritic enclaves and their hybrid products. The granitic body is intruded in paleoproterozoic gneiss-migmatitic rocks of the Central Domain of the Borborema Province. The monzo/syenogranites are metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and exhibit high K2O/Na2O > 1.5 and FeOt/(FeOt + MgO) > 0.86. The diorites exhibit high contents of Zr (> 1,134 ppm), TiO2 ~ 1.6% and Nb > (49 ppm). (La/Yb)N is in between 14 and 19.4 and (Eu/Eu*)Nbetween 0.31 to 0.37. In the spiderdiagram, the data are moderately fractionated with peaks in La, Zr and strong negative anomalies in P, Ti and less in Sr. They plot in the field of post-tectonic/intraplate granites in the tectonic discriminant diagram, with some scattering. The estimated pressure (4.4 to 6.0 kbar) based on Alt content in amphibole suggest a range from the middle to the upper crust for the emplacement of the Bravo Pluton. The liquidus temperature according to Zr and SiO2 contents range from 847 to 893°C and for the crystallization, calculated by amphibole-plagioclase pairs range from 589-867°C. They show TDM model ages ranging from 2.35 to 2.18 and eNd(580 Ma) = -18.32 to -17.03. A crystallization age of 581 ± 2 Ma was obtained for the granite from LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb method in zircon. The relationship between the crystallization age (~ 580 Ma), A-type geochemical characteristics of the granitoids, Nd model-ages greater than 2.1 Ga and association with the strike-slip regime contrasts with other similar granitoids, furthermore, slight younger in age (~ 570 Ma), which occur in Central, Rio Grande do Norte Domains and in eastern Nigeria. In this sense, the transition of the compressional to the directional regime (with an extensional component) has occurred just before in the case of this body showing an episodic and diachronic character of the Brazilian ­orogeny. We conclude that Bravo Pluton constitutes a good example of trans-alkaline post-collisional magmatism within Central Domain which together with other examples from Rio Grande do Norte Domain and in eastern Nigeria suggest a convective thinning of subcontinental lithosphere between ­580-570 Ma during amalgamation of Gondwana Supercontinent.
Oligometastatic Melanoma Treated by Metastasectomy in Combination with Immune Checkpoint and BRAF Inhibitors: A Case Series

Case series Patients: Male, 52-year-old • Male, 51-year-old • Female, 53-year-old • Male, 34-year-old • Male, 82-year-old • Male, 72-year-old • Male, 75-year-old Final Diagnosis: Metastatic melanoma Symptoms: Lymphadenopathy • rash • skin lesion Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Dermatology • Oncology • Pathology • Surgery Objective: Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment Background: Early therapies for metastatic melanoma improved patient quality of life; however, median survival remained unaffected. Studies are showing that surgical excision with the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has better outcomes than systemic therapy alone. This single-center case series describes 7 patients with oligometastatic melanoma treated by metastasectomy in combination with ICI and BRAF inhibitors. Case Reports: One female and 6 male patients are included in our study, with ages ranging from 34 to 82 years. Oligometastatic melanoma is defined was having no more than 5 metastatic regions. Each patient had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. Patients received either ICI therapy with ipilimumab, nivolumab, and/or pembrolizumab, or targeted therapy with encorafenib and binimetinib, or a combination. Patients underwent metastasectomies with curative intent. The main outcome and measurements obtained were the duration of disease-free survival, based on radiographic evidence. The range of disease-free survival in our population was 13 to 67 months, with the lower end limited by patient death and the upper limit being the present day. Conclusions: This case series reiterates survival benefit for patients who received metastasectomy after exhibiting good response to ICI therapy. ICI and/or BRAF inhibitor therapy combined with metastasectomy provides a possible curative option for patients who may have previously been relegated to palliative-focused care. By using a multimodal approach with oncologists and surgeons, we can challenge our understanding of what constitutes a resectable cancer.
Effect of economic status and changes in blood parameters in school going girls at first step of adulthood

The study was conducted to show the relation and the effect of menarche on some biochemical parameters on blood serum of secondary school girls at menarche. From two different socioeconomic status (48) samples were collected from girls students [18 which live in higher socioeconomic status as (group I) and 30 in low socioeconomic status as (group II) with menstrual cycle and (20) school girls without menstrual cycle from different socioeconomic status as control out of which 8 which live in higher socioeconomic status, 12 in low socioeconomic status to each group] with ages ranges between (12-15) year.The biochemical parameters studied were iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturation iron binding capacity (UIBC), transferrin, haemoglobin (Hb), vitamin C and E. No significant difference between biochemical parameters when measures within group I and II when compared with their controls, but there were significant decrease between group II and I when compare together in all biochemical parameters except that Hb and vitamin E.Also the results showed no correlation between measured biochemical parameters and age at menarche and nutrition.
Cyclical Learning Rate Optimization on Deep Learning Model for Brain Tumor Segmentation

In recent years, deep learning has found widespread applications in tasks such as segmentation and classification. Fine-tuning hyperparameters is crucial to improve performance, with the learning rate being a key parameter. Various methods, including adaptive learning rates, learning rate scheduling, and cyclical learning rates, have been used to optimize learning rates. Cyclical learning rates offer significant benefits with minimal computational cost, as seen in previous research. This study introduces a novel approach to tuning the cyclical learning rate, which incorporates the exponential moving average. These methods are applied to the BraTS 2021 dataset for segmentation tasks, resulting in superior performance compared to the previous approach. Our proposed method reduces the epochs required to reach convergence by 19 and 54 epochs for U-Net and Dense U-net, respectively. For Res U-net, the epoch needed to convergence is 10 epochs more. However, the proposed method produces lower loss values with 0.707, 0.657, and 0.665 compared to the previous method with 0.712, 0.685, and 0.725 for U-net, Res U-net, and Dense U-net, respectively.
The Effect of psychological intervention based on the mobile application on the anxiety level of cholecystectomy candidates

Background and aims: This study aims to investigate the effect of psychological intervention based on the mobile application on the anxiety level of laparoscopic cholecystectomy candidates. Methods: This semi-experimental was conducted on 60 laparoscopic cholecystectomy candidates in 2022 in Shahrekord. The participants were randomly divided into control and test groups using the block randomization method. The test group received a psychological intervention based on a mobile application installed on their mobile phones and used for two months. The control group received usual hospital care only. Data were collected before, immediately after, and two months after the intervention using the Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test) were used to analyze the data in SPSS 24 software. Results: Before the intervention, the average scores for state anxiety in the test and control groups were 45.97±11.71 and 46.00±11.10, respectively. The average scores for trait anxiety were 43.60±10.24 and 44.37±10.55 in the test and control groups, respectively. There were no significant statistical differences between the groups regarding state anxiety (P=0.99) and trait anxiety (P=0.78). However, immediately after the intervention, the test group showed significantly lower scores for state anxiety (P=0.01) and trait anxiety (P=0.04). Additionally, two months after the intervention, there was a significant difference in the average scores for state anxiety (P=0.03) and trait anxiety (P=0.02) between the two groups. Conclusion: Psychological intervention based on a mobile application can be an efficient and cost-effective way to manage anxiety in cholecystectomy candidates.
Delay Constrained Communication Network Design for PMU to Multiple Control Center Data Transfer

In a smart grid environment, communication network plays an important role as it must deliver data from the Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) in the Substations (SSs) to the Control Center(s) (CCs) in real time. Accordingly, communication network design has received considerable attention from smart grid researchers in the last few years. In a recent paper, we studied this problem where all the substations were sending data to a single CC and formalized it as the Rooted Delay Constrained Minimum Spanning Tree problem. As the number of substations in a geographic area is often large, PMU data from the substations do not directly go to the Control Center (CC) and instead goes to multiple Local Controls Centers (LCC) within a specified delay threshold. The aggregated data from the LCCs is then sent to the CC. In this paper, we extend our earlier results by considering Multiple Local Control Centers (MLCCs) where the PMU data must arrive from the SSs to a LCC within a specified delay threshold. This gives rise to a new problem, where we need to create a Delay Constrained Spanning Forest instead of a Delay Constrained Spanning Tree as in earlier studies. We provide (i) an optimal solution for the problem using Integer Linear Programming, (ii) a Lagrangian Relaxation, and (iii) a Heuristic solution. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our solution techniques with real substation location data of Arizona.
Geometric dependencies of the mean E × B shearing rate in negative triangularity tokamaks

This paper presents a comparative study of the poloidal distribution of the mean E × B shearing rate for positive triangularity (PT) and negative triangularity (NT) tokamaks. The effects of flux surface up–down asymmetry due to asymmetric upper and lower triangularities are also considered. Both direct eddy straining and the effects on Shafranov shift feedback loops are examined. Shafranov shift increases the shearing rate at all poloidal angles for all triangularities, due to flux surface compression. The maximum shearing rate bifurcates at a critical triangularity δcrit(≲0) . Thus, the shearing rate is maximal off the outboard midplane for NT, while it is maximal on the outboard midplane for PT. For up–down asymmetric triangularity, the usual up–down symmetry of the shearing rate is broken. The shearing rate at the outboard midplane is lower for NT than for PT, suggesting that the shearing efficiency in NT is reduced. Implications for turbulence stabilisation and confinement improvement in high- βp NT and internal transport barrier discharges are discussed.
A special place in the saltings? Survey and excavation of an Iron Age estuarine islet at An Dunan, Lewis, Western Isles

This is the third of a series of four papers that present the excavations undertaken on the Uig peninsula, Isle of Lewis, as part of the Uig Landscape Project. We present the archaeological evidence from An Dunan, a causewayed tidal islet in the salt marsh of Uig sands, a liminal and potentially ritual site dating to the Iron Age and medieval period. The first main Middle Iron Age phase was characterised by activities centred on an ash mound, demarcated by four large orthostats, within an essentially rectilinear structure containing internal cellular divisions. The activities within the structure have been interpreted as non-domestic in nature. The second main phase involved the medieval re-use of aspects of the Iron Age building to create a small boat-shaped structure, with very little associated material culture. The structural, artefactual and environmental evidence from the site is presented, before being interpreted within the wider research context of the archaeology of the Western Isles and Atlantic Scotland.
Voltaic Cell Learning Design Using the RADEC (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create) Model Oriented toward the Pancasila Student Profile

This study aimed to describe the Voltaic Cell learning design using the RADEC (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create) learning model based on the Pancasila Student Profile. The approach employed in this research was descriptive qualitative. The research instrument was a validation sheet in the form of a questionnaire administered to five validators, consisting of two Expert Lecturers in Chemistry Education at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia and three Chemistry teachers who taught at Sekolah Penggerak in Bandung City, employing the Merdeka Curriculum. The data processing results demonstrated an average percentage of 96.7% for the alignment of the lesson plan across four aspects: Formulation of Competency Achievement Indicators and Learning Objectives, Presented Content, Language Usage, and Time Allocation. The findings also indicated a connection between the voltaic cell learning activities using the RADEC learning model and the manifestation of the Pancasila Student Profiles, including Faith in God Almighty, Noble Characters, Global Diversity, Mutual Cooperation, Independence, Critical Reasoning, and Creativity, producing an average percentage of 95.4% classified into the excellent category. Hence, this study signified that the voltaic cell learning design using the RADEC model could cultivate the Pancasila Student Profile.
Effective Adaptation into New Environment with Few Shots: Applications to OFDM Receiver Design

Few-shot learning (FSL) enables effective adaptation to new tasks with limited labeled data. In wireless communication, where the environment can vary drastically, FSL can help improve the performance of communication systems. In this paper, we develop a two-phase FSL algorithm for wireless communication to address the challenge of adapting to new environments with limited data. The main idea leverages the experience from multiple known environments and a few samples in the new environment to realize effective adaptation. The problems in both phases are formulated as two optimization programs that can be efficiently addressed by the inexact alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. The numerical experiment has demonstrated decent overall performance of the proposed approach in comparison with some other popular approaches (e.g., transfer learning).