Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SCREENING AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF SOME RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE AT SEEDLING STAGE

Drought is one of the major abiotic constraints for rice grown under the rain-fed condition and causes a substantial reduction in yield. It has now become a severe threat to food security in the developing world including Bangladesh. We used 30 rice genotypes of diverse geographical origins including 2 drought-tolerant check varieties, NERICA-1 and NERICA-10, to screen under drought stress and to evaluate simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for identifying drought-tolerant rice genotypes at the seedling stage. The screening was done by a hydroponic method using polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). Three drought stress levels, -0.66, -1.03 and -1.48 bars of water potential ware imposed using 6%, 8% and 10% PEG, respectively. Control was maintained using the only nutrient solution. Genotypes were scored based on IRRI standard evaluation score for visual stress injury and data were collected on root length, shoot length and root/shoot ratio at three different levels of treatments along with control. A total of 86 alleles were detected among 30 rice genotypes by using 20 SSR markers. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.11(RM28502) to 0.84 (RM562) with an average of 0.58 and gene diversity value ranged from 0.88 (RM25022) to 0.23 (RM28502) with an average of 0.63. The SSR markers successfully separated drough-tolerant varieties in four different groups. Combining molecular assessment with morphological findings it was accomplished that FR13A was highly drought-tolerant, Sadamota was moderate drought-tolerant and Baichmon, Q-31, BRRI dhan48, Binadhan-17 and BRRI dhan46 were low drought tolerant genotypes. This information could be used for the selection of suitable parents to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties using marker-assisted back crossing program.
"For better for worse is not easy’’, Challenges and Needs of Family Caregivers of Dementia Patients Seeking Care in Kumasi: A qualitative study

Background: The challenges and needs of family caregivers of dementia patients usually go unnoticed which could worsen the condition of both the caregivers and recipients in Ghana. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the challenges and needs of family caregivers of dementia patients who seek care at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. Methods: With no predetermined sample size, 18 participants took part in the study. The study employed a phenomenological and an in-depth interview guide. The data were analysed using interpretive phenomenological framework. Results: Three main challenges of family caregivers were identified: economic challenges ( inability to buy drugs, limited income, high healthcare use charges, inability to work and lack of financial support), social challenges (lack of social participation, mockery and societal victimisation), and psychological challenges (stress, emotional trauma and inability to sleep). Three main needs of family caregivers were reported: physical needs (personal assistance, transportation assistance, physical attachment from spouse and inability to eat), societal needs (social gathering involvement and societal concerns) and psychological needs (free time to relax and faith assurance). Conclusion: The authors argue that there should be a rethinking of how caregiving is constructed in Ghana. We further add that the health and well-being of caregivers should be a paramount aspect of patient well-being in Ghana in line with the Ghana Mental Health Act. It is therefore essential for clinician to institute caregivers needs in their medical plan for mental patient’s recovery process.
EFFECT OF ALIGNMENT ON HIGHWAY SAFETY

This critical review of the literature was undertaken to synthesize the available knowledge on the relationships between highway alignment and safety in order to provide guidance in selecting cost-effective improvements that will enhance safety on resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation projects. This review was basically limited to the physical aspects of highway alignment that relate to vehicle dynamics. The available research on the accident effects of horizontal and vertical alignment is limited. A search of the literature produced 24 references that appear to have contributed to the state of knowledge. This body of literature is critically analyzed in this paper.
FIELD EVALUATION OF FRACTURE CONTROL IN TUNNEL BLASTING

The objective of this research was to implement fracture control procedures in a tunnel project and to assess the practicality, advantages, disadvantages, performance and cost effectiveness of fracture control methods against smooth blasting procedures. This report describes the procedures and results of field tests of fracture control--a procedure for achieving fracture plane control in tunnel blasting. It describes and discusses the project and site geology, the theory and applications of fracture control blasting, and the experimental procedures used. The report provides conclusions and recommendations for future research. The procedures and results of an experimental smooth blasting round utilizing milli-second delay detonating caps are described in Appendix A.
Demonstrating 4‐log adenovirus inactivation in a medium‐pressure UV disinfection reactor

Previous bench‐scale results demonstrated that polychromatic medium‐pressure (MP) ultraviolet (UV) disinfection could achieve 4‐log adenovirus inactivation at equivalent UV doses well below those required under the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR). These findings were confirmed and extended to a full‐scale UV disinfection reactor using a live adenovirus challenge. The MP UV disinfection system was able to measure > 4‐log adenovirus disinfection at an MS2 coliphage reduction equivalent dose (RED) of < 100 mJ/cm2. The highest observed adenovirus‐based RED achieved, referenced to a low‐pressure (LP) UV dose‐response, was 233 mJ/cm2; the validated RED, including relevant validation factors, was equivalent to that required by the LT2ESWTR for 4‐log virus inactivation credit. These results proved that required virus disinfection doses can be validated and that MP UV is capable of meeting the 4‐log virus disinfection standard in the LT2ESWTR at a measurable and achievable UV dose substantially lower than that of LP UV technology.
Performance of three way crosses in groundnut

A set of 3-way crosses made in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.) to a line x tester design using 6 single crosses as female and 10 diverse genotypes as male parents were evaluated for early-stage characters and yield components. The variance of general combining ability was higher than that of specific combining ability for yield components while the reverse was true for early-stage characters. Of the 52 3-way crosses, 8 failed to set seed and 8 were heterotic for pod and seed yield or test weight or shelling percentage. Plants transgressing the better parent for yield components up to 370% on the average were recovered in the F 1 generation. Crosses that produced F 2 selections having more pods than 'Robert 33-1', a national check, were often found to be heterotic in the F 1 . The general combining ability of parents based on early-stage characters was as good as that based on all the characters. Desired parents could hence be chosen on the basis of an evaluation of 3-way or multiple crosses of higher order in the same season.
Handbook of Human Performance Technology: A Comprehensive Guide for Analyzing and Solving Performance Problems in Organizations

In forty-four original chapters, leading researchers and practitioners offer a state-of-the-art perspective on the evolving field of HPT--a study of technologies designed to enhance human performance and capabilities in the workplace. The handbook explains what the field is about, what functions it embraces, and how its practices can significantly benefit organizations. Contributors trace the historical roots of HPT, explain its theoretical underpinnings, and unveil an array of models and techniques that have proven effective in enhancing individual and organizational performance. Included is advice on how best to structure classroom teaching, on-the-job training, and distance education. The handbook presents an array of noninstructional interventions focused on transforming organizational cultures and human resource systems and improving productivity. Finally, it explores the major issues facing HPT professionals today, such as demonstrating the financial benefits of Human Performance Technology work to clients, developing ethical standards, and practicing HPT abroad.
Reclaiming the City: Mixed use development

Preface. An introduction to mixed use development. Part One: Why study mixed use development? A history of mixed uses. Mixed use development as an agent of sustainability. Cities, tourism and mixed uses. Part Two: Mixed use development: theory. Mixed use development and the property market. Mixed uses and urban design. Crime and mixed use development. Part Three: Mixed use development in practice. Local policy and mixed uses. Why developers build mixed use schemes. Mixed use and exclusion in the international city. Mixed use development: some conclusions. Index.
BEHAVIOUR AND DESIGN OF STIFFENED PLATES UNDER PREDOMINANTLY COMPRESSIVE LOADS

Consideration is given to the behaviour of unstiffened plate elements and of stiffened panels. The main parameters that influence their load-carrying capacity are identified & their effects are discussed. Existing methods to predict plate strength are presented & a special treatment is provided of simplified methods for use in design work. A series of calculations is performed with various design methods to provide a basis for comparison. Predictions of the simplified methods are compared with experimental results and numerical calculations to assess the accuracy of present-day stiffened plate design methods.
INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOLERANCE OF PEPPER SPECIES TO SALINITY STRESS

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield decline in arid and semi-arid regions, requiring the use of tolerant species that allow cultivation in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence, initial growth and tolerance of pepper species irrigated with saline waters. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, using four replicates of 30 seeds each. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, involving five irrigation water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three species of pepper [E1 - Capsicum annuum (“Doce Comprida”); E2 - Capsicum frutescens (“Malagueta”); E3 - Capsicum chinense (“De Bico”)]. Pepper seedlings were grown in trays of 30 cells with a capacity of 0.1 dm3 of substrate. During the first 30 days after sowing, seedlings were monitored for emergence, initial growth and dry matter accumulation. As the salinity of the irrigation water increased, there was a reduction in the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense peppers. These species tolerate saline waters of up to 1.78, 2.71 and 1.55 dS m-1 respectively, in the initial development phase, with C. frutescens being the most tolerant to saline stress, and C. chinense the most sensitive.
Fabrication and Characterization of Plant Mediated Green Zinc Nanoparticles for Antileishmanial Properties

Infectious diseases outbreak caused by different pathogenic bacteria and the emergence of antibiotic resistance microbial raise new concerns. This situation triggered pharmaceutical companies and researchers to seek for alternatives antimicrobial agents. The discovery of green nanoparticle in pharmaceutical area not only proven to have a strong efficacy as antimicrobial but also promote an eco-friendly compound where the production does not produce hazardous chemicals and waste. In the present study, metallic nanoparticles (Zn) were synthesized using plants extract from Viola yedoensis and Curcuma longa species. The green nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by incorporating plant extracts with the zinc salt with different molar concentrations. The mixture were prepared at different pH, zinc salt (ZnSO4) concentrations and interval times of incubation. The result showed 15 mM concentration of ZnSO4 at pH 7 and incubation at the room temperature for 24 hours were the best conditions for green nanoparticles production. The color intensity changes during the reduction reaction of ZnSO4 by plant extract to form zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) was measure using UV spectrophotometer. ZnNPs with the highest color intensity (viola-358nm; turmeric-375nm) were further characterized to determine the elements and morphology of the synthesized ZnNPs using FTIR, XRD and SEM. FTIR analysis demonstrated the presence of aromatic rings and strong bond of O-H and C-H indicating the presence of alcohol and alkene in turmeric ZnNPs. While for viola ZnNPs, the presence of aromatic ring and strong bond of amine showed the existence of alcohol and alkene. The average size of turmeric and viola ZnNPs measured by XRD and SEM were 24-28 nm with spherical shape and 42–60 nm with hexagonal shape, respectively. The biological activity of both ZnNPs were validated by conducting antimicrobial tests towards Leishmanial tropical in which ZnNPs have strong antileishmanial activities.
TOO OLD TO DRIVE

This article examines the risk posed by older drivers with deteriorating mental and physical skills and discusses legislative attempts to identify impaired older drivers. Adults aged 85 and over have more serious accidents/mile driven than do teenage drivers. Visual and hearing problems, slower motor skills, age-related diseases, and prescription drugs commonly taken by elders can impair their driving skills. Only 3 states (Illinois, Indiana, and New Hampshire) require a road test for older drivers beginning at age 75; only 11 states require doctors to report serious disabilities to the department of motor vehicles. Advocates for the elderly protest that screening only older drivers is age discrimination; many legislators fear reprisals if they support screening laws. In addition to the development of credible age-based screening tests, one solution is to create more senior-friendly transportation alternatives. Sidebars in the article describe the number of older drivers involved in automobile accidents and provide tips on confronting an unsafe older driver.
Effect of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Patients’Outcome After Extubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: To evaluate whether pulmonary rehabilitation can improve respiratory function and life quality of the patients who were removed from invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU and sequentially treated with high-flow humidification therapy instrument. Methods: This study is a single-center clinical randomized controlled trial. Selected from April 2019 to April 2020, 53 patients who were sequentially treated with High-Flow Humidification Device after extubation in the ICU were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received pulmonary rehabilitation treatment, while the control group received only conventional treatment. All patients were then evaluated for rehabilitation and bedside diaphragm ultrasound measurement.Results: Compared with the control group, experimental group’s incidences of non-invasive ventilation use, re-intubation and complication were significantly reduced (P <0.05), yet there was no significant reduction of two groups’ mortality rate (P = 0.3). The experimental group's MRCsum (Medical Research Council sum) muscle strength score, 30-second sit-up test parameter, and modified Barthel index all presented significant difference (P <0.05). The degree of diaphragm movement, end-inspiratory diaphragm thickness and diaphragm thickness variation rate were significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusions: Pulmonary rehabilitation is safe with certain efficacy. It is of great significance to the enhancement of patient's peripheral muscle strength and endurance, respiratory function, and daily life activities. It can reduce the incidences of non-invasive ventilation use and re-intubation and help patients return to their families and society better. Nevertheless, the current development of pulmonary rehabilitation is not perfect. Subsequent research of a multi-center randomized controlled trial should be conducted to further explore the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation, promote the spread of pulmonary rehabilitation technics, and provide home-based rehabilitation guidance and long-term follow-up for discharged ICU patients.Trial registration: Clinical trial registration number: NCT04368286; Ethics number: S2018-212-01.Subject: ①Number: 2018FC-WJFWZX-2-04. ②Chinese PLA Health Care Grant: 17BJZ35.
Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder among Saudis seeking facial plastic surgery

Importance: Nonpsychiatric physicians often encounter body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) which is a common psychiatric disorder. In the general population, BDD is estimated to affect 1%–2%. In esthetic specialties, however, rates are markedly higher. Objective: This study aims to quantify the prevalence of BDD among people seeking facial plastic surgeries in Saudi Arabia because the literature is sparse in this field. Design: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2018 (October–December). Setting: A self-administered web-based questionnaire was administered on 453 individuals, aged 18 years and older, of Saudi residence. Participants: A total of 453 individuals, aged 18 years and older, of Saudi residence, were enrolled in the study. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): The study has three main measures which are: (1) sociodemographic data, (2) previous and future plastic surgeries, and (3) the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire. Results: A total of 453 individuals were enrolled in this study. Of the total sample, 34.2% reported their desire to go for a facioplastic surgery in future, of which 14.19% fulfilled the criteria of BDD. Twenty-two individuals who fulfilled the criteria were all females (100%). All were relatively young, with 54.5% aging between 18 and 24 years of age, followed by 45.5% aging between 25 and 34 years of age. The majority were married 54.5%, with the rest being single. The majority of individuals (59.1%) live in cities, followed by 36.4% living in villages and 4.5% living in outskirts. Nearly 68.2% hold a college degree, followed by 27.3% holding a high school degree. The vast majority reported the desire to undergo a rhinoplasty (54.5%), followed by facial implants (9.1%), facelift (4.5%), eyebrow lift (4.5%), and cheek/jaw contouring (4.5%). Conclusion: We report a prevalence of 14.19% among people seeking facial plastic surgery. This prevalence is warring, requiring special attention by facioplastic surgeons, plastic surgeons, and dermatologists, when dealing with patients. We recommend the screening of all patients to be a standard practice to ensure the best outcome possible.
Humanising brain injury rehabilitation: a qualitative study examining humanising approaches to engagement in the context of a storytelling advocacy programme

Abstract Objectives: Building upon the findings of an earlier study that explored the experience and impact of narrative storytelling following acquired brain injury (ABI), this study sought to examine the engagement of storytelling facilitators with storytellers. Methods: Transcripts of in-depth interviews conducted with six storytelling facilitators were analysed drawing upon content analysis. The analysis included a process of mapping previously analysed data (D’Cruz et al., 2020b) to a humanising values framework (Galvin & Todres, 2013; Todres et al., 2009). Results: The findings of this study provide insights into how facilitators engaged in humanising practice within the context of a storytelling advocacy programme. The facilitator participants ranged in years of facilitation experience from 1 to 11 years, with a mix of professional backgrounds, including health care (3), journalism (1) and community development (2). Analysed facilitator data mapped to each of the eight dimensions of the framework (insiderness, agency, uniqueness, togetherness, sense-making, personal journey, sense of place and embodiment), with a breadth of codes represented in each dimension, revealing the depth of humanisation. Conclusions: This study extends our understanding of approaches to engagement with adults living with ABI, demonstrating the humanising potential of storytelling. Furthermore, the findings help us to think about what it means to be human, guiding us to find ways to better partner with and support adults living with brain injury.
Evolution of Instability on the French Labour Market during the Last Thirty Years

We use a 30-year longitudinal matched employer-employee database to describe the evolution of job stability by studying the duration of employment spells. The paper proposes two different perspectives aiming at describing and characterizing this evolution. Firstly, the analysis of survival rates and the modeling of the duration of the spells clearly show that instability increased in the last 30 years. Moreover there is a variety of situations depending on the characteristics of the employees and the firms. The increase in the instability is particularly strong in the first two years of the jobs. The youngest individuals are both the most unstable and the ones who have experienced the highest rise in instability. Executives are the most stable employees, and after a period of convergence between socio-occupational categories, the difference became larger, but in a different way among men and among women. The stability in service industry is lower than in other industries and it evolved in a less favourable way. In a second part, we study time-invariant heterogeneity at both firm and individual levels with a double fixed effects model. Our estimates suggest in particular that the younger the cohort, the more their individual instability and the more frequently they work in firms which do not keep their employees long. Moreover, office clerks and service workers are the less stable socio-occupational categories in terms of individual stability, while blue-collar workers are the ones who work in the firms that keep their employees for the shortest periods of time.
Maximization of Extractable Randomness in a Quantum Random-Number Generator

The generation of random numbers via quantum processes is an efficient and reliable method to obtain true indeterministic random numbers that are of vital importance to cryptographic communication and large-scale computer modeling. However, in realistic scenarios, the raw output of a quantum random-number generator is inevitably tainted by classical technical noise. The integrity of the device can be compromised if this noise is tampered with, or even controlled by some malicious party. To safeguard against this, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach that produces side-information independent randomness that is quantified by min-entropy conditioned on this classical noise. We present a method for maximizing the conditional min-entropy of the number sequence generated from a given quantum-to-classical-noise ratio. The detected photocurrent in our experiment is shown to have a real-time random-number generation rate of 14 (Mbit/s)/MHz. The spectral response of the detection system shows the potential to deliver more than 70 Gbit/s of random numbers in our experimental setup.