Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rapid-Scan and Polarimetric Radar Observations of the Dissipation of a Violent Tornado on 9 May 2016 near Sulphur, Oklahoma

Rapid-scan polarimetric data analysis of the dissipation of a likely violent supercell tornado that struck near Sulphur, Oklahoma, on 9 May 2016 is presented. The Rapid X-band Polarimetric Radar was used to obtain data of the tornado at the end of its mature phase and during its entire dissipation phase. The analysis is presented in two parts: dissipation characteristics of the tornadic vortex signature (TVS) associated with the tornado and storm-scale polarimetric features that may be related to processes contributing to tornado dissipation. The TVS exhibited near-surface radial velocities exceeding 100 m s−1 multiple times at the end of its mature phase, and then underwent a two-phased dissipation. Initially, decreases in near-surface intensity occurred rapidly over a ~5-min period followed by a slower decline in intensity that lasted an additional ~12 min. The dissipation of the TVS in time and height in the lowest 2 km above radar level and oscillatory storm-relative motion of the TVS also are discussed. Using polarimetric data, a well-defined low reflectivity ribbon is investigated for its vertical development, evolution, and relationship to the large tornadic debris signature (TDS) collocated with the TVS. The progression of the TDS during dissipation also is discussed with a focus on the presence of several bands of reduced copolar correlation coefficient that extend away from the main TDS and the eventual erosion of the TDS as the tornado dissipated. Finally, TVS and polarimetric data are combined to argue for the importance of a possible internal rear-flank downdraft momentum surge in contributing to the initial rapid dissipation of the tornado.
Outcomes of Meaningful Work in the Context of Indian Blue-collar Employees: The Moderating Role of Relational Identification and Organisation-based Self-esteem

The study investigates the moderating effect of relational identification and organisation-based self-esteem (OBSE) on the relationship between meaningful work and prudence, as well as meaningful work and civic virtue behaviour, in the context of blue-collar employees working in the Indian aeronautical manufacturing sector (IAMS). Survey data collected from 312 blue-collar employees showed that meaningful work has a positive influence on prudence as well as civic virtue behavior only at high levels of relational identification and OBSE. These relationships were insignificant at the lower level of the moderators. The findings of the study hold significant research, practice, and societal implications, because meaningful work in the context of blue-collar employees of the aeronautical industry has not been studied before, though this industry has high growth potential.
Student Engagement for Sustainability of Chinese International Education: The Case of International Undergraduate Students in China

Student engagement has been attracting attention in the discussion of higher education (HE) quality. Despite the rapid increase of international students in China, little understanding has been gained for quality management on these students’ engagement in learning. This paper focuses on international undergraduate students in Chinese higher education institutions, exploring the nature and characteristics of their academic engagement and the environmental factors influencing the engagement. The discussion was based on a synthesis of the findings of two studies, i.e., an exploratory qualitative study following a small group of international students at a research university and a large-scale survey involving 1428 international students at 34 Chinese universities. The analyses revealed less than satisfactory levels of international students’ engagement, with a high proportion of the participants being passively or ineffectively involved in learning. The qualitative findings highlighted pedagogical and attitudinal factors that affected international students’ engagement. The survey results indicated six environmental factors, categorized into three groups, having significant effects on the respondents’ engagement. Although located in China, the analyses bear implications for practitioners striving for the sustainable development of international education in a broader range of contexts.
Case 3692 Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 and Columba livia domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Aves, columbidae): proposed conservation of specific and subspecific names in conformance with prevailing usage

Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Article 23.9. 3 of the Code, is to conserve the existing usage of the name Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 by granting livia Gmelin, 1789 precedence over the names domestica Linnaeus, 1758, gutturosa Linnaeus, 1758 and cucullata Linnaeus, 1758, whenever any of them is considered a synonym of livia. The three latter names are all subjective senior synonyms that cannot be subject to reversal of precedence under Article 23.9. 1 of the Code. Columba livia Gmelin, 1789, the rock dove or rock pigeon, is a common bird species of pan-global distribution, the ‘wild stem’ of feral pigeons and domestic pigeon breeds and a species of economic and cultural importance. In order to conserve the trinomen Columba livia domestica Linnaeus, 1758, which has some modern usage in experimental biology for feral populations and domestic breeds when such a distinction is desired at the subspecies level, it is additionally proposed under Article 23.9. 3 to set aside Article 24.1 of the Code and grant domestica Linnaeus, 1758 precedence over both gutturosa Linnaeus, 1758 and cucullata Linnaeus, 1758 whenever either of the latter is considered a synonym of the former.
The complex pathology and differential diagnosis of splenic and nodal marginal zone lymphoma

Marginal zone lymphoma is a term applied to different B-cell low-grade lymphoma disorders with some common features, originated around reactive follicles, composed by small/medium size cells with specific immunophenotype, Ig genes stereotypes and somatic mutation of genes (NOTCH2, KLF2, TNFAIP3.) involved in marginal zone differentiation and NF-kB activation. Marginal zone lymphoma differential diagnosis is based on an integration of clinical, morphological and molecular features. Here we describe the current status of splenic and nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) diagnosis, reviewing also the markers (MNDA, T-Bet, IRTA1) that facilitate their recognition and diagnosis. Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a disseminated lymphoma since the initial diagnosis, with both bone marrow and peripheral blood infiltration at diagnosis in almost every case. In contrast, NMZL is frequently a tumor restricted to lymph nodes, where bone marrow and/or peripheral blood involvement is only seen ad advanced stages. Both SMZL and NMZL have a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from subclinical monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis at earlier stages to aggressive disorders in advanced stages where p53 mutations, increased CD30 expression or EBV presence are frequently detected.
A delineation of self-management and associated concepts

ABSTRACT Objectives: To understand and define four concepts that are often used synonymously with one another in the applied health science field and related literature: self-care, self-help, self-help groups, and self-management, in order improve physician-patient interactions and communication. Study design: Non-experimental descriptive archival study using purposive sampling techniques. Method: Concepts were analyzed through a systematic review of the literature within the field of applied health science. Data was collected from 01/2017 to 08/2017. Commonalities and differences were examined, and definitions were formed for each term and subsequently converted into plain language definitions. Results: While there is some overlap amongst these terms, definitions were developed for each term individually, and relationships between them were established. The common theme was that the actions of self-help, self-care, self-management and self-help groups are initiated in some manner by the individual. Self-management exists as a subset of self-care and shares many commonalities with self-help. Meanwhile, self-help groups make up a smaller component within the self-help category. Conclusions: A clearer understanding of each concept, including their overlaps and relationships to one another was established, which can provide specificity for the field. Creating plain language definitions can bridge the gap between academics, physicians, and patients.
Between ideal teaching and ‘what works’: The transmission and transformation of a content area from university to school placements within physical education teacher education

The purpose of this study is to explore the recontextualisation of Assessment for Learning (AfL) as a particular content area in the transition between a university course and a school placement course within Swedish physical education teacher education (PETE). By combining Basil Bernstein’s pedagogic device and Stephen Ball’s performativity perspective, we alternately ask how AfL is constructed as a pedagogic discourse and what AfL becomes in different contexts within PETE. Nine students attending a Swedish PETE programme participated in the study. The empirical material was collected through one seminar and two group interviews at the university, as well as through nine individual interviews based on lesson observations at different school placements. Our findings highlight five recontextualising rules, which indicate that: (1) the task of integrating assessment into teaching enables the use of AfL; (2) an exclusive focus on summative assessment and grading constrains the use of AfL; (3) a lack of critical engagement with physical education teaching traditions constrains the use of AfL; (4) knowing the pupils is crucial for the use of AfL; and (5) the framing of the school placements determines how AfL can be used. As a consequence of these rules, AfL was transformed into three different fabrications: (1) AfL as ideal teaching; (2) AfL as correction of shortcomings; and (3) AfL as ‘what works’. One conclusion from this study is that increased collaboration between teacher educators and cooperating teachers in schools can help strengthen PETE’s influence on school physical education.
Impact of reflective roofs on the overall energy savings of whole buildings

Many previous studies by the authors of this paper and others have shown that installing white/reflective/cool roofing systems resulted in energy savings. The amount of energy savings depended on the longwave thermal emissivity and the short-wave solar reflectivity of the rooftop surfaces. The question is “what is the percentage energy savings for the whole building as a result of using cool roofing systems instead of conventional/black roofing systems? To answer this question, three-dimensional energy simulations are conducted for typical Saudi buildings when they are subjected to the natural weathering conditions of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Several Window-to-Wall Ratios (WWRs) having different thermal resistances (R-values) and Solar Heat Gain Coefficients (SHGCs) are considered in the study. The windows are located in the different main solar orientations. To investigate the effect of the area ratio of the roof to the walls on the potential energy saving due to using cool roofs, one storey and two-storey are considered in this study. Results showed that using reflective materials with lower short-wave solar absorption coefficients in the roofing systems have resulted in a decrease in the yearly total energy loads of one-storey building and two-storey building.
Prevalence and Predisposing Factors in Spontaneous Cases of Necrotic Enteritis in Cage Reared Commercial Layer Chicken

| Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by C. perfringens is one of the economically important disease in broiler chicken. Nowadays frequent outbreak were noticed in commercial layer flocks maintained in raised cage system and causing mortality and decreased egg production. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and predisposing factors associated with spontaneous cases of necrotic enteritis in cage reared commercial layer chicken. A total of 1000 white leghorn carcasses, above 20 weeks (wk) age from 100 flocks with gastrointestinal tract disorders were screened for the presence of necrotic enteritis lesions and C. perfringens out of which 28 flocks (28%) showed lesions and organism. All the 28 isolates were identified as alpha toxin producing strains by PCR technique. Affected flocks showed depression, soiling of vent with brownish fecal materials and sudden death. Necropsy revealed dilated intestine and Turkish towel appearance of mucosa due to necrosis caused by alpha toxin of C. perfringens. Necrotic enteritis was recorded as single (13 %) and combined (15%) infection with coccidiosis (11%), worm infestation (2%) and Newcastle disease (2%). Highest prevalence was noticed in the age group of 21-30 wk (42.86%) and Northeast monsoon season (60.71%). Drop in egg production and mortality in the affected flocks was 3.0 to 10 and 2. 72 to 3.15 % respectively. Incidence of disease was more in flocks which used animal protein as a source of feed ingredient.
Response of Branching and Nonbranching Cut Flower Cultivars of Sunflower to Pinching and Planting Density

Pinching sunflower (Helianthus annuus) grown for cut flowers in the vegetative stage increases stem yield at least 3-fold. Four experiments were conducted to further investigate the cultivar response differences to pinching, to explore the response to planting density, and to examine the effect of the time of pinching. In the first two experiments, two branching and one nonbranching cultivar in 2011, and three branching cultivars in 2012, were grown at 6 · 6-, 9 · 9-, and 12 · 12-inch spacing and pinched at the six-leaf stage. Pinching led to stem yield increases, but reduced flower size and stem length. Combining closer spacing with pinching further decreased flower size, increased the number of stems, and the gross value of stems per unit area. At highest densities flowers were too small to be saleable. The inverse relationship of flower size to stem numbers per unit area held true across all cultivars in both years. The branching cultivar Starburst Lemon Aura was the most productive of the cultivars tested when pinched, yielding 15,744 stems/1000 ft at the closest spacing. In 2013 and 2015, delaying the time of pinching from the 6-leaf to the 10-leaf stage reduced stem production among three nonbranching cultivars from 2.8 to 1.8 stems/plant, compared with an increase from 4.2 to 5.1 stems/plant for the branching cultivar Goldrush. The difference in pinching response among cultivars in 2013 and 2015 may have been related to relative severity of septoria leaf blight (Septoria helianthi) that infected the lower leaves. The results of the four experiments confirmed the efficacy of pinching on productivity and value of sunflowers, with best results obtained when pinching was done at the six-leaf stage.
Information Theoretical Approach to Understanding Flare Waiting Times

There is not currently a consensus on the process responsible for producing the waiting time distribution of solar flares. This study presents an information theoretical approach to determining whether solar flare data are significantly distinguishable from a nonstationary Poisson process. A study of solar flares stronger than C1 class detected by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite from 1975 to 2017 was performed. A sequence of waiting times (time elapsed between adjacent X-ray flare peaks) was constructed from the data. Surrogate waiting time sequences were produced using a time-varying Poisson firing rate from the Bayesian block procedure. Utilizing Shannon entropy, the mutual information of time-lagged waiting time distributions was computed for both the original data and the surrogates using a method of discretization by binning. When the entire period is considered, we see that when compared to carefully constructed surrogates, there is a significant elevation of mutual information on a timescale of approximately 30 hr, demonstrating that flares are confidently related to subsequent flares, contradicting the null hypothesis that flares are produced by a nonstationary Poisson process. When only 4 yr subsets of the data are considered, we see that at relatively small timescales (on the order of 10–30 hr), solar flare waiting times have a significant impact on subsequent flares. When corrected for the number of points in each considered time window, there is no correlation between the magnitude of significance and position in the solar cycle.
Tropical Forages: Their Role in Sustainable Agriculture.

Forages are crops grown for consumption by farm animals. This book shows how forages can sustain tropical cropping systems and be used to combat environmental problems of deteriorating soils and declining crop yields that are associated with mono cropping. Cropping systems involving forages can thus protect the environment and lead to a more stable income for the tropical farmer through encouraging diversification. This book explains the advantages of mixed farming with animals and crops. It also shows how to manage different cropping systems and describes the science on which such systems are based.
Isotope evidence for latitudinal migrations of the dragonfly Sympetrum fonscolombii (Odonata: Libellulidae) in Middle Asia

Sympetrum fonscolombii dragonflies are believed to migrate seasonally. In the spring and early summer, the already‐mature dragonflies arrive in Middle Asia for reproduction. In the late summer and autumn, summer‐generation dragonflies migrate to the south. Their wintering places remain unknown. Stable hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analyses were conducted to confirm the migration of S. fonscolombii and determine the wintering area. Stable isotope composition of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in wings and legs was used to clarify the habitats in which dragonfly development took place. Three cohorts of dragonflies collected in different regions of Middle Asia were used for analysis: (i) immigrants that arrived in the spring, (ii) residents that developed in Middle Asia, and (iii) transit dragonflies migrating to the south during autumn. The average δ2H values in the wings were significantly higher in immigrants (−96‰) than in residents (−134‰) and transit individuals (−124‰). High δ18O and δ15N values in the tissue of immigrants confirmed their southerly origin. Based on the species range and the global distribution of annual averages of δ2H and δ18O values in precipitation, the latitudinal migrations of S. fonscolombii were inferred to cover the area from the proposed natal regions of immigrants in South‐West Asia (below ∼36°N) to Southern Ural and the south of Western Siberia in the north (54–55°N) with a maximum migration distance of more than 4000 km.
A protocol for single-cell transcriptomics from cryopreserved renal tissue and urine for the Accelerating Medicine Partnership (AMP) RA/SLE network

OBJECTIVE There is a critical need to define the cells that mediate tissue damage in lupus nephritis. Here we aimed to establish a protocol to preserve lupus nephritis kidney biopsies and urine cell samples obtained at multiple clinical sites for subsequent isolation and transcriptomic analysis of single cells. METHODS Fresh and cryopreserved kidney tissue from tumor nephrectomies and lupus nephritis kidney biopsies were disaggregated by enzymatic digestion. Cell yields and cell composition were assessed by flow cytometry. Transcriptomes of leukocytes and epithelial cells were evaluated by low-input and single cell RNA-seq. RESULTS Cryopreserved kidney tissue from tumor nephrectomies and lupus nephritis biopsies can be thawed and dissociated to yield intact, viable leukocytes and epithelial cells. Cryopreservation of intact kidney tissue provides higher epithelial cell yields compared to cryopreservation of single cell suspensions from dissociated kidneys. Cell yields and flow cytometric cell phenotypes are comparable between cryopreserved kidney samples and paired kidney samples shipped overnight on wet ice. High-quality single cell and low-input transcriptomic data were generated from leukocytes from both cryopreserved lupus nephritis kidney biopsies and urine, as well as from a subset of kidney epithelial cells. CONCLUSION The AMP RA/SLE cryopreserved tissue analysis pipeline provides a method for centralized processing of lupus nephritis kidney biopsies and urine samples to generate robust transcriptomic analyses in multi-center studies.
Understanding Early-Married Men’s Involvement in Marital Interventions

Abstract Evidence suggests men are more reluctant to participate in relational interventions than women. Past research has shown how personality characteristics and demographics influence marital intervention participation. However, these factors do not show how they uniquely influence men’s participation and are not generalizable beyond respective sample frames. A sample of 2,150 early-married men were drawn from a nationally representative sample known as the Couple Relationships and Transition Experiences (CREATE) survey. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to address the research questions. Results showed that religiosity, depressive symptoms, and race/ethnicity were significant predictors of marital intervention participation. Implications for interventions are discussed.
The effect of cutting technique on the mortality and resprouting vigor of poplar stumps in short-rotation plantations

Mechanical felling is the most cost-effective solution for harvesting short-rotation poplar plantations, but the damage inflicted by conventional shear-cutting devices on tree stumps has raised concerns about stump mortality and resprouting vigor, both of which are crucial to coppice regeneration. To determine whether such concerns are justified, this experiment monitored the survival and resprouting vigor of 11 sample blocks composed of two 10-stump row segments that were cut according to one of two methods: (1) a chainsaw or (2) an excavator-mounted shear. The sample blocks were located within the same plantation, established 7 years earlier with hybrid poplars (Populus nigra × Populus deltoides) belonging to the AF8 clone. One year after cutting, no differences were found between treatments in terms of stump mortality, number of shoots per stump, shoot diameter at 30 cm from the insertion, or shoot height. These results support the use of mechanical shears to fell short-rotation poplar coppice. However, further studies should be conducted on multiple fields and clones in order to safely generalize these preliminary findings.