Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional Properties and Acceptability of Ice Soy Milk Fortified with Papaya or Kiwiالخصائص الوظیفیة ودرجه التقبل لمثلج لبن فول الصویا المدعم بالکیوى او الباباظ

Lactose-free products are still not suitable for people who suffer from food allergy. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to enhance the functional properties of ice soy milk fortified with different percentage of fresh kiwi (FK) and papaya (FP) at (5%, 10% and 15%) as well as a powder (KP and PP) at 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%. Fortifications led to an increment of the total flavonoids content to 40% with FP and 69% with FK, total phenols (20% and 35%) and tannins (36% and 60%) in FK and FP ice soy milk compared to control, respectively. Using citric acid before drying led to a loss of total phenols, flavonoids and tannins content by only 13%, 16% and 27%, respectively. Carotenoids were found to be at the highest level in ice soy milk with 15%FP in comparison to PP1.5% and FK15%. On the other hand, incorporation of kiwi or papaya powder causes decrements in overrun value. Ice soy milks were considered microbiologically safe. A high positive significant correlations were observed between ice soy milk bioactive components and DPPH, TP(r=0.638,P<0.01), tannins(r=0.673,P<0.01) and TF(r=0.727,P<0.01), as well as it had a negative significant correlation with NEB(r=-0.823,P<0.01) and yellow flavonoid(r=-0.829,P<0.01). The ‘b’ value was increment with increased percentage of fresh fruits and had a significant strong correlation with carotenoids(r=0.943,P<0.01), TP(r=0.871,P<0.01) and tannin(r=0.818,P<0.01). Ice soy milk produced with FK 15% as well as FP 10% could be used as a healthy acceptable frozen product especially people who suffer from lactose intolerance and food allergy syndromes.
THERMAL STABILITY AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EGYPTIAN BUFFALO’S COLOSTRUM

The thermal stability and physico-chemical properties of individual buffaloes’ colostrum (5 animals) were followed during three days after postpartum. The heat stability of the first postpartum milk can be visually defined in terms of the time required to induce coagulation at boiling temperature. Gradually marked variations of heat coagulation time were detected up to 60 h postpartum milking when heated at boiling temperature. The thermal stability of individual buffalo’s colostrum gradually increased with progressive postpartum milking, namely, at 1 h (0.55 min.), 6 h (3.53 min.), 12 h (7.10 min), 24 h (12.30 min), 36 h (18.10 min), 48 h (21.05 min) and 60 h (24.13 min). But at 72 h postpartum, no visual change (coagulation) was observed during heating at boiling temperature for one hour. It can be seen that first postpartum milk was very unstable to heat treatment with coagulation at boiling temperature. Hydrometer is a simple, rapid and of low cost method to evaluate the quality of colostrum. Colostral immunoglobulins concentrations measured from one partial to third consecutive complete milking at 12 h intervals postpartum decreased at different rates over time or number of milking. The colostrum is thicker, stickier and slightly yellowish compared to normal milk, the specific gravity was higher than that of normal milk and the pH is lower. The total solids, total protein, fat and ash contents were highest after parturition and then decreased rapidly to reach values of normal milk almost after three days of parturition, where the protein content was the most variable constituent. While the changes in the lactose content followed an opposite trend.
Localisation of aluminium in root apex cells of two Australian perennial grasses by X-ray microanalysis

To determine if an increased aluminium (Al) sensitivity is the result of greater accumulation of Al in root apices, the quantity and distribution of Al in root apex cells of Danthonia linkii Kunth and Microlaena stipoides (Labill.) R.Br. was investigated by X-ray microanalysis. Seedlings were grown in nutrient solution with 0, 185 and 370 µM total Al for 24 h after which the terminal 5 mm of the roots were excised, rapidly frozen and embedded using freeze-substitution. Elemental distribution maps of root apices showed that Al had accumulated in the nuclei of root cap and meristematic cells in Al-stressed roots of D. linkii but not in M. stipoides. Al appeared to be co-localised with phosphorous (P) in the nuclei of these cells. Quantitation of Al revealed that Al-stressed root apex cells of D. linkiiaccumulated significantly more Al than M. stipoides. Exposure of D. linkii roots to Al resulted in substantial increases in the P content of root apex cells, and a significant positive correlation was found between Al and P in both root cap and meristematic cells. Analysis of intracellular structures showed that the majority of Al had accumulated in the nuclei of cells. A significant positive correlation was found between Al and P in the nuclei, but not in the cytoplasm or cell walls. No positive correlation was found between Al and P in root apex cells of M. stipoides.
On the Relationship between Writing Motivation, Academic Achievement, and Gender in tertiary education

The present paper seeks to investigate the students’ writing motivation and its relationship with two dependent variables: gender and writing academic performance. To achieve this aim, a ten-item Likert scale questionnaire was designed and administered to 98 undergraduate students, randomly selected from the English Department at Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal. To compute the data, three tests were conducted, ANOVA, Pearson and T-test. The statistical analysis demonstrated that extrinsic motivation is the most frequent writing orientation and that both motivation constructs, intrinsic and extrinsic, positively correlate with the students' writing performance in semesters three and four writing exams. Additionally, the study also showed a significant difference between males and females about their motivational orientation. Keywords— academic achievement, extrinsic motivation, gender, intrinsic motivation, orientation goal.
Origin of brooding and ovicells in cheilostome bryozoans: interpretive morphology of Scrupocellaria ferox

Scrupocellaria ferox forms erect colonies whose budding pattern is similar to that of early fossil encrusting cheilostomes, except that peripheral lateral buds are suppressed into heterozoids, and stolons and flexible cuticular joints are present, presumably as a requirement of the erect colony form. The ovicell of S. ferox is a flattened chamber confluent with the zoid distal to the fertile zoid. The ovicell aperture is occluded by a muscular ovicell plug evaginated from the fertile zoid. The embryo more than doubles in size, probably nourished through the placental epithelium of the plug. The operculum and vestibule are strongly reduced. We propose a hypothesis to explain evolution of S. ferox and related species from encrusting ancestors with free gamete release and planktotrophic larvae. (1) Embryos of an ancestral cheilostome began to adhere to the base of the everted vestibule, which caused them to be withdrawn into the introverted vestibule when the lophophore was retracted. (2) Placental nu- trition developed, accompanied by hypertrophy of the epithelium of the adherent vestibular wall. (3) Brooded embryos became so large that they no longer could be contained in the vestibule, but remained outside, adherent to evaginated vestibular wall. (4) The setigerous collar (and in Scrupocellaria the operculum) were lost because of this vestibular eversion. (5) The ovicell evolved from a pair of proximal spines on the next distal zoid, which were modified to enclose the vulnerable embryo. (6) The erect colony form of Scrupocellaria was attained, but only after ovicells evolved. This hypothesis implies that the vestibule is the essential part of cheilostome brooding and that external structures, including ovicells, developed subsequently as protection for the embryo. If correct, this hypothesis could account for much of the structural variation among cheilostome brood chambers.
LPCN 1144 Resolves NAFLD in Hypogonadal Males

Hypogonadism affects hepatic lipid metabolism and is expected to promote nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aims of this study were to determine (1) the prevalence of NAFLD in hypogonadal males and (2) the impact of correction of hypogonadism by LPCN 1144 (Lipocine, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT), an oral testosterone prodrug, on NAFLD in this population. Data were derived from a multicenter open‐label single‐arm trial of LPCN 1144 for hypogonadal males, in which a subset (n = 36) had serial magnetic resonance imaging–proton density fat fraction measurements (National Clinical Trial 03868059). NAFLD prevalence, defined by magnetic resonance imaging–proton density fat fraction ≥5%, was 66%. Eighty‐one percent of those with baseline liver fat (BL) ≥5% had improvement in liver fat content, and NAFLD resolved in 33% of subjects at 8 weeks (mean relative reduction: 45%) and 48% (mean relative reduction: 55%) after 16 weeks of LPCN 1144 therapy. The reduction in liver fat was greater in those with higher BL (BL ≥5%: 71%; BL ≥8%: 80%; and BL ≥10%: 75%). Normalization rate of alanine aminotransferase and gamma‐glutamyltransferase greater than the upper limit of normal range were 100% and 50% of treated patients, respectively. LPCN 1144 was not associated with major adverse events. Conclusion: Treatment with LPCN 1144 (oral T prodrug) in hypogonadal males with NAFLD resolved NAFLD in approximately half of the affected patients without any safety signals. Further studies are needed to validate its use in hypogonadal males with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
The Variation of Genetic Diversity of Quercus aquifolioides in Different Elevations

Samples of 8 populations representing Quercus aquifolioides Rehd. et Wils. were collected. Isozymic electrophoresis was used to analyze the genetic variability and it was found that the level of genetic variability varied regularly with different altitudes: the level of genetic variability between the altitudes of 2400 to 3300 metres was high, and it became low at the altitudes of 3800 and 2200 metres. It was also found that the factors, such as human interference and sunlight, had strong effects on the level of genetic variability.
Decadal evolution of the Ligurian Sea zooplankton linked to environmental fluctuations. From imaging systems to size-based models.

Imaging methods have recently emerged as tools to measure the zooplankton dynamics. These methods give both taxonomic and size structure information on the community. The two kinds of information are necessary to understand the zooplankton dynamics and its links to the environment. Yet, the present work will focalize more on the zooplankton size structuration information. The manuscript is organized in three chapters: methodology, ecological analysis and description of an eleven years time series, and modeling. The methodological chapter assesses the validity of imaging methods as tools to measure zooplankton size spectra by investigating the effect of new biases onto the said size spectra (touching objects during the image acquisition process, efficiency of the automatic classification, model use to compute individual's biovolume/biomasses). It is a discussion about what the scientist want to measure and what he finally analyze giving the methodological constraints. The second chapter relates to the analysis of the temporal evolution (1995-2005) of Ligurian Sea ecosystems, mainly from data recorded at the coastal monitoring station of the bay of Villefranche-sur-Mer. Combining the data (taxonomic and size structure, zooplankton, climatic, meteorological, hydrological and biological), physical, chemical and biological factors determining the ecosystem dynamic are proposed — mostly precipitations and temperatures in winter as well as solar irradiation in spring/summer. The interactions between them lead to different phases of the zooplankton community. In the end, the last chapter proposes a zooplankton size-based model. Since classic box models generally failed in representing correctly the zooplankton, size-based approaches are suggested as alternatives. The presented model is exploratory, so as to understand what determines the zooplankton size structuration. It includes growth of zooplankton through “dynamic energy budget” like modeling and predation through size dependent prey/predator relationships. The size-based model simulations are then compared to the dynamics of the zooplankton size-spectra in the main phases identified in the preceding chapter. This is a first step toward an integration of such models into global ones in order to improve the quality of the representation of zooplankton. The present work enriches our knowledge of the more global concept of size-spectra observations and theory, and it also helps to better understand the links between zooplankton and environment.
Output Growth of Uganda’s Agriculture Sector: Does Public Expenditure on Education Matter?

We examine the multiple dimensions of the effect of public investment in education on agriculture sector output in a multivariate econometric framework. The study is underpinned by the growing interest in empirical investigations on the effects of public education expenditure on economic growth in developing countries to inform the education sector policy environment. The research employed a longitudinal study approach to examine the extent of public investment in education and effects on agriculture sector output in Uganda. The study relied on data from national statistics for the period 19822017. Overall, public expenditure on education has a net positive effect on agriculture sector output. The impact of education on agriculture output has been proven to promote agriculture output through supporting farmer adoption of new productivity-enhancing technologies.
Studies on the biology of the scads, Decapterus russelli and Decapterus macrosoma at Vizhinjam, southwest coast of India

Predominant among carangids, the scads Decapterus russelli and Decapterus macrosoma, though showed female domination, did not show any significant divergence in sex ratio. Both the species were found to breed continuously with two peak spawning seasons. While March to May and November to December were the periods for D. russelli, the same were between February, June, October and December in D. macrosoma. When D. russelli males and females attained first maturity at age 0.91 years (150 and 140 mm total length respectively), D. macrosoma species attained maturity on reaching 1.05 years (male 158 mm and females 157 mm). The regression coefficient and Y-intercept of the logarithmic length-weight relationship were 2.9251; -1.8668 and 3.46231; -3.1139 respectively for D. russelli and D. macrosoma. The ELEFAN analysis showed L<» and K values for the two species in the above order as 290 mm; 0.8y' and 257 mm; O.By'. The von Bertalanffy plot estimated t,, values as -0.044 and -0.0215 respectively. In the two recruitment pulses observed in both species, June-July and February corresponded to the peaks in the case of D. russeli, the same in D. macrosoma being May and August.
Molecular phylogeny of Baikalian Lumbriculidae (Oligochaeta): evidence for recent explosive speciation

The phylogenetic relationships of the Lumbriculidae (Oligochaeta) of Lake Baikal (Siberia, Russia) were investigated with a data set of new mitochondrial COI gene sequences of 26 species, 25 of which belong to Baikalian fauna. Species of the most representative genera inhabiting the lake, Lamprodrilus Michaelsen, 1901, Agriodrilus Michaelsen, 1905, Teleuscolex Michaelsen, 1901, Stylodrilus Claperede, 1862, Styloscolex Michaelsen, 1901, and Rhynchelmis Hoffmeister, 1843, were included in the data set. The possibility of explosive speciation events was investigated in studying deviations of the observed rates of cladogenesis from a uniform one. In contrast, the monophyly of most genera was recovered, with the exception of Lamprodrilus and Rhynchelmis. The polyphyletic nature of Rhynchelmis gave support to the revalidation of the genus Pseudorhynchelmis suggested on morphological characters. The lack of phylogenetic signal in the Lamprodrilus-group was interpreted as evidence of explosive radiation of the genera of this group (Lamprodrilus, Agriodrilus, and Teleuscolex), 4 to 3 million years ago, and was put in the context of the Baikal Rift Zone history.
Comparative Study of Species Diversity and Soil Nutrients in Different Land Use Units of Borana Rangelands, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia

Quantitative study of species diversity across different land use units and districts is important to document status of local plant biodiversity, to evaluate impact of management and for planning future management. This study aimed at determining impacts of land use units on species diversity and spatial distribution of species in two districts of Borana zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Stratification and systematic random sampling techniques were used for data collection. Plot size of 500 m 2 for woody species and subplots of 0.25 m 2 for herbaceous species and soil samples were used. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Shannon diversity index and Simpson index were determined. Relationships between vegetation and environmental variables were analysed using Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The overall mean alpha, beta and gamma diversities were 29.2, 2.5 and 102.6, respectively. Average total number of species in enclosures and open access grazing sites was 113 and 96 species, respectively. Enclosures or relatively protected land use units (Kalos) had more species diversity than their corresponding open access grazing lands (Worras). Shannon diversity index ranged from 3.11 in the grazing land for dry livestock to 3.78 in the Web grazing land for lactating cattle. Similarly, Simpson index of dominance ranged from 0.034 in the Web Worra to 0.089 in grazing land for dry livestock (Foora). Kalos had higher Simpson diversity index than their corresponding Worras. Soil nutrients varied across land use units. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) was higher in enclosed than in open access grazing land use units. The study also showed that there was significant variation in P, Ca, CEC, silt and sand across the two districts (p<0.05). RDA and CCA results revealed that altitude, OM, K and N were the most important environmental variables that significantly accounted for the spatial distribution and abundance of species. It was concluded that enclosures had contributed to increased species diversity. Promoting the area enclosure as a viable strategy for biodiversity management and rehabilitation of rangelands were recommended as a result of this study.
α-Amylase Activities in Larval Midgut Extracts from Four Species of Lepidoptera (Tortricidae and Gelechiidae): Response to pH and to Inhibitors from Wheat, Barley, Kidney Bean, and Streptomyces

Levels of α-amylase activity between 0.6 and 5.0 µmoles maltose minute-1 gram insect-1 occurred in larval midgut extracts from 4 species of lepidopterous pests-light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), Planotortrix octo (Dugdale), and Ctenopseustis Obliquana (Walker) are pests of apple leaves and fruit, and potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea Operculella (Zeller), is a pest of potato tubers and foliage. Activity response curves described the optima for activity at a highly alkaline pH range (pH 10.5 in leafrollers and pH 9.5 in potato tuber moth). This result is consistent with the known high midgut pH in other species of Lepidoptera and with the pH optima of their digestive proteases. The 3 wheat derived α-amylase inhibitors inhibited enzyme activities of all 4 species of Lepidoptera, but the other 3 (barley tetramer, Streptomyces , and kidney bean inhibitors) had no effect. Wheat dimeric inhibitor (30 µM) completely inhibited α-amylase activity in potato tuber moth midgut extracts.
FORECASTING OF UNMET NEEDS PERCENTAGE IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE USING AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE (ARIMA) METHOD

ARIMA uses present and past values as the dependent variable. The accuracy of the ARIMA forecasting method results is good to be used to obtain short-term forecasts. Compared to other time series methods, the advantage of ARIMA method is that it can be used in the percentage of unmet needs data in East Java Province since ARIMA method does not require any specific data motives. Unmet need is a group of women who do not want to have any more children or want to minimize their pregnancy but refuse to use contraception to prevent pregnancy. This study aims to determine the percentage of unmet needs in East Java Province in the future. This study will analyze the value of forecasting and determine the best model for ARIMA. The data used is the monthly data of unmet needs percentage of East Java Province starting from January 2014 to April 2019 (64 data plots). The results showed that the percentage of the number of unmet needs in East Java Province can be predicted using ARIMA model (12,1,0) without constant. The model is based on ARIMA (12,1,0) diagnostic test without constant meeting all the test requirements. The results of forecasting held a MAPE value of 2.369% and MAE of 0.26%. Based on MAPE and MAE, the model has a very good forecasting ability with a fairly small error value. Forecasting results indicated fluctuations in unmet needs data, where from December 2019 to February 2020 there was an increase in number of unmet needs in East Java Province. In the interim, starting in March 2020, the data needs in East Java Province tend to be constant at a higher position than the previous increase.
Effects of Different Levels of Phosphorous and Zinc Fertilizers on the Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) on Luvisols in Northern Guinea Savannah Region of Nigeria

The study aimed to determine the effects of different levels of phosphorous and zinc fertilizers on the yield and nutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to determine the effect of P and Zn applications on TZL white composite improved variety of maize. Four levels of phosphorus (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha) and three levels of zinc (0, 5 and 10kg Zn ha -1 ) were applied on experimental plots of 4.5m x 5m replicated thrice. The results shows no significant differences in both the years however, highest mean values of 2327.5 kg ha1 and 2191.5 kg hawas recorded at 20 kg P ha and 10 kg Zn ha Application of P and Zn at different rates increases their uptake in the stover with highest values of 22.57 mg -1 kg and 7.8 mg -1 kg in 2018 at 30 kg Pha and 18.40 mg -1 kg and 5.21 mg -1 kg at 20 kg Pha in 2019. While 26.54 mg -1 kg and 21.85 mg -1 kg in 2018 at 10 kg Znha -1 and 6.76 mg -1 kg and Original Research Article Abdullahi and Bello; AJSSPN, 6(4): 1-7, 2020; Article no.AJSSPN. 59406 2 5.27 mg -1 kg in 2019 with 0 kg Znha respectively. It is therefore recommended the best results of the application of 30kg P ha1 and 10 kg Zn ha -1 should be adopted for optimum yield of maize.