Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Maize (Zea Mays L.).

A Diallel cross with 12 parents and resulting 66 F 1's were evaluated for heterosis and combining ability during 1987 and 1988. Differences among genotypes were significant for all characters. Genotype X Year interaction was significant for all traits except ear length. Average heterosis related to better parent was highest for plot yield, Kernel number per row, ear length and ear diameter. Heterosis was maximum in combinations involving parents of extreme grain type (dent X flint) and/or diverse geographical origin. Degree of heterosis was lowest in crosses of high yielding parents and vice-versa. SCA was relatively more important for all characters. Data on heterosis was in general agreement with variance component ratios of SCA and GCA and supported conclusions concerning the relative importance of SCA over GCA. Variance components for interactions involving SCA and years were consistently larger suggesting that SCA variance includes a considerable portion of genotype-environment interaction, apart from non-additive deviations. GCA effects were consistent from year to year while SCA effects were not. Graphical analysis on diallel data revealed that dominance and epistasis were important for most characters. A tendency of more number of dominant genes were associated with greater performance of characters (except plant and ear height) in the desirable direction. Most important yield components were ear diameter, ear length, number of kernels per row and lOOO-kernel weight. Yield components as well as maturity traits were positively interrelated among themselves, respectively. However, maturity characters were negatively correlated with most traits. Heritability estimates based on co-variance among relatives were generally in close agreement with estimates based on variance components confirming the results of combining ability analysis. Heterosis breeding, reciprocal recurrent selection or recurrent selection for SCA may be followed depending on the final objective.
Diallel analysis of anther culture response in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

The four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes differing in their ability to produce embryogenic callus from anther culture were reciprocally crossed and inheritance of anther culture response [callus induction frequency (CIF, %), embryogenic callus induction frequency (ECIF, %), regeneration capacity of callus (RCC, %), plantlet regeneration frequency (PRF, %), green plantlet proportion (GPP, %) and green plantlet yield (GPY, %)] was investigated. The 12 F1 hybrids and their parents were grown in field. It was analysed in the completely randomised design with 4 replications, each replication consisted of one petri dish with 100 anthers. Genotype significantly affected anther culture response for all the traits except GPP. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability effects were highly significant for CIF, ECIF and GPY, and indicated the existence of variability due to both additive and dominance epistasis gene effects. GCA/SCA ratio for CIF, ECIF, and GPY was higher than 1.0, indicating the importance of additive genetic variation in this genetic material. GCA effects among the parental lines were highest for Golia and lowest for Basribey. High x low responding crosses generated F1's that were intermediate in response. Reciprocal effects (RE) were highly significant for CIF, ECIF and PRF, but generally less effective than additive and non-additive gene effects. The results from this study indicate that parents, which give rise to highly responsive hybrids, can be identified and that genetic improvement of hexaploid wheat is possible through selection.
Computational neuroanatomy of the central complex of Drosophila melanogaster

In many different insect species the highly conserved neuropil regions known as the central complex or central body complex have been shown to be important in behaviours such as locomotion, visual memory and courtship conditioning. The aim of this project is to generate accurate quantitative neuroanatomy of the central complex in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Much of the authoritative neuroanatomy of the fruit fly from past literature has been derived using Golgi stains, and in important cases these data are available only from 2D camera lucida drawings of the neurons and linguistic descriptions of connectivity. These cannot easily be mapped onto 3D template brains or compared directly to our own data. Using GAL4 driver and reporter constructs, some of the findings within these studies could be visualized using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. A range of GAL4 driver lines were selected that particularly had prominent expression in the fan-shaped body. Images of brains from these lines were archived using a web-based 3D image stack archive developed for the sharing and backup of large confocal stacks. This is also the platform which we use to publish the data, so that other researchers can reuse this catalogue and compare their results directly. Each brain was annotated using desktop-based tools for labelling neuropil regions, locating landmarks in image stacks and tracing fine neuronal processes both manually and automatically. The development of the tracing and landmark annotation tools is described, and all of the tools used in this work are available as free software. In order to compare and aggregate these data, which are from many different brains, it is necessary to register each image stack onto some standard template brain. Although this is a well-studied problem in medical imaging, these high resolution scans of the central fly brain are unusual in a number of respects. The relative effectiveness of various methods currently available were tested on this data set. The best registrations were produced by a method that generates free-form deformations based on B-splines (the Computational Morphometry Toolkit), but for much faster registrations, the thin plate spline method based on manual landmarks may be sufficient. The annotated and registered data allows us to produce central complex template images and also files that accurately represent the possible central complex connectivity apparent in these images. One interesting result to arise from these efforts was evidence for a possible connection between the inferior region of the fan-shaped body and the beta lobe of the mushroom body which had previously been missed in these GAL4 lines. In addition, we can identify several connections which appear to be similar to those described in [Hanesch et al., 1989], the canonical paper on the architecture of the Drosophila melanogaster central complex, and describe for the first time their variation statistically. This registered data was also used to suggest a method for classifying layers of expression within the fan-shaped body.
Global Existence and Exponential Decay of Strong Solutions to the 2D Density-dependent Nematic Liquid Crystal Flows with Vacuum

This paper deals with the 2D incompressible nematic liquid crystal flows with density-dependent viscosity in bounded domain. The global well-posedness of strong solutions are established in the vacuum cases, provided the assumption that ρ + ‖∇d0‖L2 is suitably small with large velocity, which extends the recent work [Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 37 (2017), 4907–4922] and [Methods Appl. Anal. 22 (2015), 201–220] to the case of variable viscosity. Furthermore, the exponential decay of the solution is also obtained.
Induction of systemic resistance against Cucumber mosaic virus by Penicillium simplicissimum GP17‐2 in Arabidopsis and tobacco

The plant growth-promoting fungus, Penicillium simplicissimum GP17-2, was evaluated for its ability to induce resistance against Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco plants. Treatment with barley grain inoculum (BGI) of GP17-2 significantly enhanced fresh weight, dry weight and leaf number of A. thaliana and tobacco plants 6 weeks after planting. Two weeks after CMV inoculation, all plants treated with BGI of GP17-2 or its culture filtrate (CF) showed a significant reduction in disease severity compared with non-treated control plants, which exhibited severe mosaic symptoms by the end of the experiment. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that CMV accumulation was significantly reduced in plants treated with GP17-2 or its CF relative to control plants. Based on RT-PCR, plants treated with GP17-2 (BGI or CF) also exhibited increased expression of regulatory and defence genes involved in the SA and JA/ET signalling pathways. These results suggested that multiple defence pathways in A. thaliana and tobacco were involved in GP17-2-mediated resistance to CMV, although neither the transgenic NahG line, nor the npr1, jar1 or ein3 mutants disrupted the response in A. thaliana. This is the first report to demonstrate the induction of systemic resistance against CMV by GP17-2 or its CF.
Delineation of Niches which Support Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation from self-renewing, multipotent hema‐ topoietic stem cells (HSC) crucial for blood homeostasis of all living organisms [1]. This developmental process has two distinct phases, primitive and definitive hematopoiesis. In mice, the primitive phase of hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac at embryonic (E) day 7.5 [2-5]. It results in the production of primitive hematopoietic cells including mainly large, nucleated erythroblasts, some megakaryocytes, and primitive macrophages needed for embryonic growth [2-5]. The definitive phase of hematopoiesis in mice begins in the extraembryonic yolk sac at E8.25 [2, 6]. Development in this phase is a hierarchical process, with two main lymphoid and myeloid lineages forming from which all blood cells develop. The lymphoid lineage comprises T and B lymphocytes and natural killer cells that arise from a common lymphoid progenitor (CLP). In contrast, the myeloid lineage comprises granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils), monocytes, erythrocytes and dendritic cells (DC), all developing from a common myeloid progenitor (CMP). The multipotent HSC resides at the apex of this hematopoietic hierarchy [1, 7].
Fluid Surface Coverage Showing the Controls of Rock Mineralogy on the Wetting State

The wetting state is an important control on flow in subsurface multi‐fluid phase systems, for example, carbon storage and oil production. Advances in X‐ray imaging allow us to characterize the wetting state using imagery of fluid arrangement within the pores of rocks. We derived a model from equilibrium thermodynamics relating fluid coverage of rock surfaces to wettability and fluid saturation. The model reproduces the behavior measured in a water‐wet, nearly all‐quartz, Bentheimer sandstone imaged during steady‐state imbibition. A shift in fluid surface coverage is observed when the rock is altered to a new wetting state with crude oil. In two multimineralogical (Berea) samples, one water‐wet and the other altered with crude oil, the analysis of fluid surface coverage after imbibition revealed mineral specific wetting preferences only in the altered system. Clays and calcite preferentially alter to an oil‐wet state, leading to mixed wettability in the rock.
Effects of fermented aloe vera mixed diet on larval growth of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) (coleopteran:Cetoniidae) and protective effects of its extract against CCl4‐induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague–Dawley rats

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of fermented aloe vera mixed diet on larval growth of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) (coleopteran: Cetoniidae) and protective effects of extract of larvae of P. brevitarsis seulensis fed fermented aloe vera mixed diet against Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague–Dawley rats. To determine whether different diets can affect the larval growth of P. brevitarsis seulensis, six different diets were investigated in the experiment, and the results exhibited that 15% fermented aloe vera with 85% fermented oakwood sawdust was the best diet for larval growth of this insect, followed by 9% fermented aloe vera with 91% fermented oakwood sawdust. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (n= 30) were separated into five groups of six each, as follows: control group; CCl4 group; CCl4 plus larval extract group (without fermented aloe vera); CCl4 plus 9% and 15% larval extract groups (with fermented aloe vera). All extract groups were fed with 30 mg/kg extracts of fermented oakwood sawdust only and fermented oakwood sawdust plus 9% and 15% fermented aloe vera, respectively, once every consecutive day, with administration of CCl4 (1.5 mL/kg, 20% CCl4 in olive oil) twice a week for 3 weeks. Administration of CCl4 increased the serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotranseferase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels in rats and reduced levels of glutathione in the liver. Treatment with extract of larval‐fed fermented aloe vera mixed diet significantly alleviated these changes to nearly normal levels. The histopathological changes induced by CCl4 were also significantly attenuated by extract of larval‐fed fermented aloe vera mixed diet treatment. The results suggest that the beneficial effect of fermented aloe vera mixed diet on larval growth may be to stimulate the larval life cycle, and 15% larval‐fed fermented aloe vera mixed diet exhibits potent hepatoprotective effects on CCl4‐induced liver injury in rats, likely due to increased glutathione contents and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
Genetic compatibility between the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and contemporary influenza viruses : implications for the generation of the next pandemic

報告番号: 甲28147 ; 学位授与年月日: 2012-03-22 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(医学) ; 学位記番号: 博医第3806号 ; 研究科・専攻: 医学系研究科病因・病理学専攻
Role of NADPH Oxidase in b Cell Dysfunction 34

Dysfunction of pancreatic β cells and loss of β cell mass is a major factor in the development of diabetes. Currently there is no cure for diabetes, and available therapies do not focus on halting or reversing the loss of β cell function. New strategies to preserve β cells in diabetes are needed. Conferring protection to the β cells against the effects of sustained intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) presents a novel approach to preserve β cell mass. Important contributors to increases in intercellular ROS in β cells are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase enzymes. Discussed in this review are the roles of NADPH oxidases in the β cell, their contribution to β cell dysfunction, and new emerging selective inhibitors of NADPH oxidase.
Video assisted laser resection of lung metastases: a new surgical technique

Lung metastases may be found in almost every kind of malignant tumor. If appropriate, surgical removal should be considered. The goal of surgery is complete removal of all existing lung metastases. Frequently open access is favored in order to inspect all parts of the affected lung and detected metastases are preferably removed non-anatomically applying a Nd:YAG laser. The innovative surgical technique described here allows for palpation of the entire lung via a minithoracotomy and facilitates video-assisted removal of all lung metastases. Thus the benefits of minimally invasive surgery can be harnessed for the patients at the same time offering radical tumor removal. It may be estimated that the technique described will become the future standard procedure for surgery of lung metastases.
Diagnostic Quandary In Early-Onset Sepsis In Newborns And Implications For Management

Objective To determine the incidence of and risk factors for Early-Onset Sep- sis (EOS) in term and late-preterm neonates. A retrospective chart review ofterm and late-preterm neonates evaluated for EOS and receiving empiric antibiotics. They were divided into positive (n=14) and negative (n=752) blood culture groups. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum and Fisher’s exact tests. Maternal includ- inability Searching for better predictors is to facilitate decreased antibiotic use in neo- nates at low risk for EOS.
Uji Fitokimia Dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Kasar Gastropoda (Telescopium telescopium) Terhadap Larva Artemia salina

Gastropod is one of the marine organisms that can be used as a source of natural bioactive compounds, one of which is Telescopium telescopium. T. telescopium until now it has not been yet exploited optimally, some people still use it as feed ingredients that contain high protein nutrition, however it must be supported by scientific information about the efficacy and side effects. This research aims at determining the secondary metabolite by crude extract T. telescopium, and the lethal toxicity value (LC50-24 hours). The research consisted of two steps, namely the phytochemical and toxicity test. The method used exploratif and experimental laboratory with a complete randomized design, which consited of five concentration treatments namely 25.12, 63.1, 158.5, 398.15, and 1000 ppm with three replications. Each treatment used 10 Artemia salina larvae, and observations were made during 24 hours of Artemia salina larvae mortality. LC50 was determined by probit analysis using the EPA Probit Analysis Program Version 1.5 Finney. The results of the phytochemical test showed that crude extract T. telescopium contain alkaloid compounds, steroids, flavonoids. The results BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) of crude extract T. telescopium LC50-24 hours showed that the crude extract clorofom (229.562 ppm), crude extract ethyl acetate (244.906 ppm), and crude extract methanol (197.242 ppm). LC50-24 hours < 1000 ppm showed that the crude extract Telescopium telescopium potent antitumor compounds.
Finnish Students’ Knowledge of Climate Change Mitigation and Its Connection to Hope

Climate change is a global concern, and the need to address it is urgent. Therefore, climate change education has been developed in recent years. Meaning making, coping strategies, and solution-oriented climate education tasks enable and maintain hope for positive results with regard to climate change. However, there is still uncertainty as to how students’ knowledge of climate change mitigation measures affects their attitudes. In the present study, elementary and secondary students in Finland (n = 950) responded to an online questionnaire. A principal component analysis, a hierarchical regression analysis, a correlation coefficients, a t-test, and a Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance were used for the analysis to understand what kind of hope students had towards climate change and how their knowledge and optimism regarding climate change affected their hope. The data revealed that the students had a relatively high constructive hope rather than denial hope when it comes to climate change. Additionally, this hope was not built on a minimisation of climate change. The results indicated that the significant predictors for climate change mitigation were gender, climate change knowledge, and constructive hope. A typology of student positions with regard to climate change is introduced as conclusions.
Flora Fauna Biodiversity and CSR Implementation in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village, North Sumatra Province.

Highlights Mangrove sampling was conducted to use the "spot check" method Mangrove ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village was categorized damaged Diversity of mangroves in the Bagan Serdang Village mangrove ecosystem was categorized moderate, but diversity of aquatic organisms was higher than the mangrove. Pertamina's CSR activities had an impact on environmental sustainability such as a habitat for various fauna and improving the community's economy Abstract Information about mangrove and fauna biodiversity in Bagan Serdang Village is essential to be studied as a basis for assessing the management and utilization potential of mangrove. This information could be used as a reference in sustainable mangrove management. This study aims to determine the biodiversity of flora and fauna in the mangrove ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village. The research location is divided into three areas, with three observation points. The study was conducted in August-September 2019. The sampling of mangroves was carried out using the Spot Check Method. The results showed that the types of mangroves found were 18 species from 12 families consisting of 14 species of true mangrove and four types of associated mangroves while the fauna found in the mangrove ecosystem of Bagan Serdang Village was 16 species of fish, nine species of crustaceans, 13 species of mollusks, four species of birds, one species of reptile, one species of mammal and one species of horse shoe crab. The results of the mangroves analysis in the Bagan Serdang Village’s mangrove ecosystem, including in moderate heading to damage condition. This could be seen from the death of several trees and the flourishing of A. ilicifolius species as a marker of mangrove, which tends to be damaged. The diversity of mangroves in the Bagan Serdang Village is lower (1.63) compared to aquatic organisms that reach 2.09 - 2.44. Corporate responsibility or CSR that PT Pertamina (Persero) TBBM Medan Group carried out in the village of Bagan Serdang with mangrove planting activities and ecotourism, as well as the development of processed mangrove products, could increase the value of diversity and increase the economy of the surrounding community.
Effect of Incorporation of Pomegranate Peel and Bagasse Powder and Their Extracts on Quality Characteristics of Chicken Meat Patties

Abstract This study was conducted to develop chicken meat patties by incorporating pomegranate peel and bagasse powders and their extracts. Patties were developed by incorporating pomegranate peel powder (PPP, 2 g), pomegranate aril bagasse powder (PABP, 4 g), pomegranate peel powder aqueous extract (PPAE, 6 g) and pomegranate aril bagasse powder aqueous extract (PABAE, 9 g) individually per 100 g of minced meat. Both types of powders and extracts treated patties had significantly higher total phenolic content than control and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) treated patties. Both types of powder (PPP and PABP) treated patties had significantly higher water holding capacity, ash, crude fibre content, and hardness values, and significantly lower moisture content and lightness values in comparison to control patties. Emulsion stability and cooking yield of PABP treated patties were significantly higher than control. Addition of extracts and BHT did not influence the physico-chemical properties and proximate composition of chicken patties. Both types of powders and extracts provided better protection to chicken meat patties against oxidative rancidity and microbial proliferation in comparison to control and BHT treated patties during refrigerated storage. It is concluded that pomegranate fruit byproducts in the form of peel powder, aril bagasse powder and their extracts can be successfully utilised in development of healthier chicken meat patties and these byproducts can also be effectively used as a replacement of synthetic antioxidants such as BHT.