Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tumor Differentiation and EGFR Mutation Associated with Disease-Free Survival in Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients with Curative Surgery

Background Nearly 30% of stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer patients eventually die of recurrence or metastasis. This study aimed to predict stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) patients who underwent radical resection with a high risk of recurrence or metastasis. Methods Information on clinicopathological, genetic and therapeutic features and recurrence status was collected in this retrospective and two-center study. A nomogram based on multivariate analysis was established to predict disease-free survival. Further stratification was performed to identify populations with a high risk of relapse. Results A total of 1584 patients with pathological stage IA LADC who underwent radical surgery between 2011 and 2015 were enrolled from two medical institutions in this study. The nomogram including tumor differentiation and EGFR mutation had a higher C-index of 0.880 (95% CI 0.833–0.926) compared to 0.598 (95% CI 0.486–0.711) for the AJCC 8th TNM staging system. Furthermore, the C-index for the validation cohort was 0.798 (95% CI 0.738–0.857). In addition, the 3-year cumulative nonrecurrence rate in the high-risk group stratified by this model was 21.8% compared to 98.1% in the low-risk group. Conclusion This study proposed a new nomogram including tumor differentiation and EGFR mutation to predict recurrence or metastatic probability in stage IA LADC patients who underwent radical surgery. This nomogram could identify patients in the high-risk group and help guide adjuvant treatment in the future.
Self-Reported Morbidity and Health-Seeking Behavior and its Predictors Among a Geriatric Population in Western Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background Planning for health care services provision depends on the morbidity profile, health-seeking behavior (HSB), and its predictors. Thus, this study aimed to identify the level of self-reported morbidity, HSB and its predictors. Patients and Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the geriatric (≥60 years) population in West Shoa Zone. A multi-stage systematic sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. After testing for collinearity, variables with p-value <0.25 on binary logistic regression were entered into backward multivariate logistic regression analysis with statistical significance at p-value <0.05. Results With a response rate of 98%, 779 study participants were recruited. The median (IQR) age of the respondents was 70 (70–78) years. Five hundred eighty-four (3/4) of the study participants reported that they experienced morbidity at least once in the year before interview. Of 584 study participants, 53.9% had poor HSB. Living in village (p-value = 0.034), being housewife (p-value = 0.048), wealth index [being rich (p-value = 0.033), being in moderate economic status (p-value= 0.001), and being poor (p-value= 0.049) relative to richest], being head of polygamous household (p-value= 0.019), non-smoker (P-value = 0.012), not having community-based health insurance coverage (CBHI) (p-value< 0.0001), having ≤3 times number of illness (p-value <0.0001), self-medication (p-value < 0.0001), not having hypertension (p-value=0.016), not having diabetes mellitus (DM) (p-value=0.012), and not having oro-dental problem (p-value= 0.043) were positively associated with poor HSB. Nevertheless, self-perceived mild severity of illness (p-value= <0.0001), good health status (p-value= 0.001), and not having musculoskeletal problem (p-value< 0.0001) were negatively associated with poor HSB. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of self-reported morbidity and poor HSB. There should be an effort to improve the HSB and CBHI utilization of the geriatric population by all stakeholders. Moreover, modifiable predictors of HSB needs to be improved.
Efficacy of a Culturally and Linguistically Competent Community Health Coach Intervention for Chinese with Hypertension

Abstract Purpose: To develop and pilot test the efficacy of a culturally and linguistically sensitive, community health coach (CHC)-based intervention in Chinese immigrants in improving blood pressure control and medication adherence. Design: This study was conducted in 2017 with a cross-sectional design (n = 23). A CHC intervention was implemented using one 25-minute group educational presentation plus one 10-minute question and answer session at baseline, followed by four, 10-minute bi-weekly group question-and-answer sessions. Findings: There was a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure from baseline to week 8: Systolic BP −17.33 (±11.32) (p < 0.005) and diastolic BP −9.58 (±6.57) (p < 0.005). The mean score for medication adherence was 10.56 (±3.24) (possible range 3–15) at baseline and there was no significant change at week 8 (mean 10.89 ± 3.95) (p = 0.86). Conclusion: The CHC-based hypertension management program showed significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures in Chinese immigrants. Since the proposed CHC-based hypertension management program is low cost and easy to establish, further investigation is recommended to generate more results for comparison. Practice Implications: There is potential for the CHC intervention to be implemented in clinical settings to help Chinese immigrants at large achieve optimal blood pressure control.
A representative sampling of tuna muscle for mercury control

The mechanisms of mercury accumulation and distribution in fish tissues are related to its high affinity for sulfhydryl groups in proteins. There is evidence that mercury is distributed unevenly based on the different reactivity of these groups in the various muscle proteins. Tuna fish also shows numerous specialized anatomical features including the structure of the swimming muscles and some form of endothermy, which generates variations in the mercury content between dark and white muscle and between muscle tissues with different lipid content. The aim of the study is to verify, through a suitable sub lot of Thunnus thynnus caught by a static trap in south-western Sardinia, the effective uneven distribution of mercury in the various muscles and also identify the sites representative of the entire carcass. In agreement with other authors, the results show that even in the Bluefin tuna of the Mediterranean, the site “anterior extremity of upper loin (schienale in Italian)” is representative of the mercury average content of muscle tissues as a whole.
Partitioning of nonpolar solutes into bilayers and amorphous n-alkanes

We have measured the partition coefficients for hexane between an aqueous solvent and phospholipid bilayer membranes as a function of the surface density of the bilayer chains. The surface density was varied by temperature, phospholipid chain length, and the incorporation of cholesterol and was monitored by 2H NMR. We observe that increasing surface density leads to expulsion of the solute: hexane partitioning decreases by a factor of 9 as the surface density of the bilayer chains increases from 50% to 90% of its maximum value, a range readily accessible in biomembranes under physiological conditions. Benzene as solute shows similar behavior; thus, the dependence of partitioning on surface density appears to be a general property of the organization of the bilayer chains. In order to determine the relative contributions to partitioning of (i) chain ordering and (ii) contact interactions, we have also performed reference-state experiments for benzene transfer between water and amorphous n-alkanes of different chain lengths. The widely accepted value of 25 cal/mol per A* of surface area for the free energy of oil/water transfer per methylene group is appropriate only when solute and solvent molecules are of the same size. We find that Flory-Huggins theory satisfactorily corrects for the molecular size differences of solutes and solvents. Comparisons of the bilayer/water and oil/water temperature dependencies of benzene partitioning show that there is an additional entropic expulsion of solute from the bilayer, consistent with recent statistical thermodynamic theory suggesting the importance of the chain ordering in the bilayer.
Early Time Modifications to the Buoyancy-Drag Model for Richtmyer–Meshkov Mixing

The Buoyancy-Drag model is a simple model, based on ordinary differential equations, for estimating the growth in the width of a turbulent mixing zone at an interface between fluids of different densities due to Richtmyer–Meshkov and Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities. The model is calibrated to give the required self-similar behavior for mixing in simple situations. However, the early stages of the mixing process are very dependent on the initial conditions and modifications to the Buoyancy-Drag model are then needed to obtain correct results. In a recent paper, Thornber et al. (2017, “Late-Time Growth Rate, Mixing, and Anisotropy in the Multimode Narrowband Richtmyer–Meshkov Instability: The θ-Group Collaboration,” Phys. Fluids, 29, p. 105107), a range of three-dimensional simulation techniques was used to calculate the evolution of the mixing zone integral width due to single-shock Richtmyer–Meshkov mixing from narrowband initial random perturbations. Further analysis of the results of these simulations gives greater insight into the transition from the initial linear behavior to late-time self-similar mixing and provides a way of modifying the Buoyancy-Drag model to treat the initial conditions accurately. Higher-resolution simulations are used to calculate the early time behavior more accurately and compare with a multimode model based on the impulsive linear theory. The analysis of the iLES data also gives a new method for estimating the growth exponent, θ (mixing zone width ∼ tθ), which is suitable for simulations which do not fully reach the self-similar state. The estimates of θ are consistent with the theoretical model of Elbaz and Shvarts (2018, “Modal Model Mean Field Self-Similar Solutions to the Asymptotic Evolution of Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov Instabilities and Its Dependence on the Initial Conditions,” Phys. Plasmas, 25, p. 062126).
Cognitive enhancement of healthy older adults using hyperbaric oxygen: a randomized controlled trial

More than half of community-dwelling individuals sixty years and older express concern about declining cognitive abilities. The current study's aim was to evaluate hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) effect on cognitive functions in healthy aging adults.A randomized controlled clinical trial randomized 63 healthy adults (>64) either to HBOT(n=33) or control arms(n=30) for three months. Primary endpoint included the general cognitive function measured post intervention/control. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was evaluated by perfusion magnetic resonance imaging.There was a significant group-by-time interaction in global cognitive function post-HBOT compared to control (p=0.0017). The most striking improvements were in attention (net effect size=0.745) and information processing speed (net effect size=0.788). Voxel-based analysis showed significant cerebral blood flow increases in the HBOT group compared to the control group in the right superior medial frontal gyrus (BA10), right and left supplementary motor area (BA6), right middle frontal gyrus (BA6), left middle frontal gyrus (BA9), left superior frontal gyrus (BA8) and the right superior parietal gyrus (BA7). In this study, HBOT was shown to induce cognitive enhancements in healthy aging adults via mechanisms involving regional changes in CBF. The main improvements include attention, information processing speed and executive functions, which normally decline with aging.
Traditional and novel geochemical extractions applied to a Cu–Zn soil anomaly: a quantitative comparison of exploration accuracy and precision

ABSTRACT Partial extractions have been employed and promoted as geochemical exploration tools, but assessment of performance is infrequently undertaken. Minimum probability statistics were used to quantitatively compare twelve extractions and document the level of exploration precision and accuracy. These methods were valuable in comparing the different digestion methods, identifying the best performance level and determining an appropriate geochemical threshold for future exploration. Eight ‘conventional’ reagents were tested, namely ‘four-acid’, aqua regia, bacterial leach (LocatOre®), Genalysis® proprietary leach (TL3), cold hydroxylamine hydrochloride, Mehlich I reagent, hydrogen peroxide, deionized water, together with four new digestible digests (Coke®, Pepsi®, Diet Coke® and a Tempranillo red wine). These tests involved analysis of thirty <63-μm soil samples from the Wartook region of Victoria, Australia, which exhibit Cu and Zn geochemical anomalies in six samples. All extractions successfully identified the anomalous zone; however, the digestible digests, Mehlich I, Genalysis® leach and the hydroxylamine hydrochloride leach performed the best in terms of both accuracy and precision. The new extractions were particularly effective for Cu, whereas the hydroxylamine hydrochloride leach was best for Zn. The Coke®, Pepsi® and Diet Coke® extractions exhibited some buffering effects. In contrast, the Tempranillo wine is exceptionally well buffered and the most robust of the new digestions. Results indicate that even over marginally anomalous soils, many partial extraction techniques will confidently identify the location of mineralization. The use of expensive and proprietary procedures may not produce any better result than using standard reagents or even common beverage solutions as soil extraction reagents.
Motivation to learn and employability of Vocational High School students

Motivation to learn is one of the factors that can play a role in determining student employability. This study aimed to empirically test the role of motivation to learn on student employability. The population in this study were all grade twelve students in Vocational High School 1 Dlingo Bantul Yogyakarta, which is as many as 110 students. The sample in this study was 54 grade twelve students of Vocational High School 1 Dlingo Bantul, which consisted of two classes namely fashion and wood craft classes. The selection of the research sample was made by randomization using the cluster random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by using the employability scale and motivation to learn scale. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson product-moment analysis technique. The analysis result shows that the magnitude of the correlation coefficient (r) between motivation to learn and employability was 0.747, p = 0.000 (p 0.01). This finding indicates that there is a very significant positive correlation between motivation to learn and student employability. Motivation to learn contributes as large as 55.8 percent of employability. Thus, motivation to learn does contribute to explaining the level of employability of Vocational High School students.
Far-Infrared Absorption Measurements of Polypeptides and Cytochrome c by THz Radiation

Pulsed terahertz (THz) radiation and black-body radiation are applied to measure far infrared (FIR) absorption spectra of polypeptides and cytochrome c in the wavenumber region from 7 cm-1 to 160 cm-1. In the region from 7 cm-1 to 55 cm-1, FIR absorption cross sections of polyglycine and poly-L-alanine in powder are greater than those of glycine and L-alanine in powder. On the other hand, FIR absorption spectra of cytochrome c in lyophilized powder show little dependence on protein structures. The structures of biopolymers are investigated by mid-IR absorption (polypeptides and cytochrome c) and by resonance Raman scattering (cytochrome c). FIR spectral features of biopolymers in the THz frequency region are qualitatively discussed in terms of density of states and homogeneous/inhomogeneous broadening.
Phosphorus Amendment of a Lead-Spiked Soil with Low Phosphorus Availability: Roles of Phosphorus on Soil and Plant Lead

Phosphorus (P) is both a macronutrient for plants and an effective amendment to reduce lead (Pb) toxicity in soil. Thus, in Pb-polluted soil with low P availability, P will act as a nutrient as well as a Pb-immobilizing agent. However, this has not been fully investigated. A soil with 2.50 mg kg−1 Olsen P was spiked with soluble Pb and then amended with superphosphate to examine the effect of P on soil Pb availability and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. cv. Aubisque) growth. It was found that P/Pb = 2 increased ryegrass yield by 804% and decreased root Pb concentration and soil diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)–extractable Pb concentration by 25.6% and 1.0%, respectively. As P amendment increased to P/Pb = 4, both plant yield and root Pb concentration declined compared with P/Pb = 2. Results of the sequential extraction indicated that the proportion of carbonate phase Pb decreased, while that of the manganese oxide phase increased as P was added. The proportion of residual Pb was little affected by the amendment. The results suggest that in soils with low P availability and high Pb availability, availability of soil Pb and root concentration of Pb are less affected, whereas the toxicity of Pb is greatly depressed by the P amendment; P/Pb = 2 is high enough to alleviate the stresses of low P availability.
Potential use of Acacia mearnsii condensed tannins to reduce methane emissions and nitrogen excretion from grazing dairy cows.

We measured the effect of condensed tannins (CT) extracted from the bark of the Black Wattle tree (Acacia mearnsii) on the milk production, methane emissions, nitrogen (N) balance and energy partitioning of lactating dairy cattle. Sixty lactating cows, approximately 32 d in milk grazing ryegrass pasture supplemented with 5 kg d-1 cracked triticale grain, were allocated to three treatments: Control, Tannin 1 (163 g CT d-1) or Tannin 2 (326 g CT d-1 initially, reduced to 244 g d-1 CT by day 17). Cows were dosed twice daily after milking for 5 wk with the powdered CT extract (mixed 1:1 with water). Low and high CT supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) methane emissions by 14 and 29%, respectively (about 10 and 22% on an estimated dry matter intake basis). However, milk production was also reduced by the CT (P < 0.05), especially at the high dose rate. Milk yields were 33.0, 31.8 and 29.8 kg cow-1 d-1. Tannin 2 also caused a 19% decline in fat yield and a 7% decline in protein yield, but protein and lactose cont.
Comparison of the Effect of Continuous and Interval Aerobic Training on Electrocardiogram of Active Young Girls

Aims: Few studies have examined the effects of various models of aerobic training on electrocardiogram (ECG). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of continuous and interval aerobic training on ECG of active young girls. Methods & Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental and 30 active young girls were selected from among physical education students (age=17.0±0.4 y) and were randomly asPned to three groups of continuous aerobic training, interval aerobic training and control (each group was 10). The protocol of the trainings (eight weeks, three sessions per week) included 20-35 minutes of running per session, with an intensity of 60%-75% of the maximum heart rate. Before and after the training, general characteristics of subjects were measured and their ECGs were recorded. To analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used at the Pnificant level of P<0.05. Findings: Eight-week continuous and interval aerobic training had no Pnificant effect on amplitudes of P, R, and T waves, PR interval and duration of ST segment (P>0.05), whereas both types of training similarly increased QT interval (continuous: P=0.001, interval: P=0.027) and reduced heart rate (continuous: P=0.002, interval: P=0.013). Only in the interval training group RR interval showed a Pnificant increase (continuous: P=0.079, interval: P=0.007). Conclusion: Eight weeks of continuous and interval aerobic training appears to similarly decrease heart rate and increase QT interval in active young girls, whereas only interval aerobic training results in increased RR interval.
Fatores associados à violência contra o idoso: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Resumo A violencia contra a pessoa idosa desenha-se como um problema de saude publica de complexa administracao. E de fundamental importância conhecer seus fatores associados, com enfase em cada tipo de violencia, para possibilitar a criacao de politicas publicas baseadas em evidencias. Objetivou-se realizar uma revisao sistematica da literatura de estudos epidemiologicos analiticos sobre os fatores associados a violencia contra idosos. Para a pesquisa bibliografica utilizou-se quatro bases de dados: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e Lilacs, sem corte de anos. A selecao dos artigos foi realizada por pares e em duas etapas: leitura dos resumos (3121) e leitura dos artigos completos (64), tendo sido selecionados 27 artigos. O risco de vies foi avaliado. Os fatores associados a violencia geral foram idade, sexo, estado civil, nivel de educacao, renda, arranjo familiar, suporte social, solidao, transtorno mental, depressao, tentativa de suicidio, dependencia para atividades da vida diaria, funcao cognitiva, doencas cronicas, abuso de alcool ou drogas, entre outros. A violencia contra idosos apresentou-se como um fenomeno multifatorial e complexo, por isso nao pode ser vista de forma parcial, unidimensional e sim levando em consideracao todas as dimensoes e entender que ha uma interdependencia entre elas.
Corporate Financing of Investment Opportunities in a World of Institutional Cross-Ownership

Public firms are becoming increasingly interconnected through institutional investors’ stock ownership, specifically through cross-ownership, in which an institutional investor has a significant stake in multiple firms in the same industry. When a firm seeks external financing for its investment opportunities, information asymmetry arises between the firm and capital providers, which raises concerns about adverse selection pre-financing and moral hazard post-financing. Consistent with institutional cross-owners reducing such concerns, we find that cross-ownership facilitates the external financing of investment opportunities of these firms. We then examine conditions under which the role of cross-owners is likely to be greater in reducing adverse selection and moral hazard. We document that cross-ownership facilitates financing even more for firms in an opaque financial reporting environment, those facing more product market competition, and those with dedicated institutional cross-owners. We also provide supplementary evidence that cross-ownership is associated with a lower cost of capital and higher corporate investment. Our paper offers insight into the role of cross-ownership in reducing moral hazard and adverse selection from a corporate financing perspective.