Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh likuiditas saham terhadap kecenderungan membayar dividen untuk 254 perusahaan publik di Indonesia selama periode 2011 dan 2015. Likuiditas saham menunjukkan tingkat transparansi dan berfungsi sebagai pemantau pasar untuk kinerja manajemen dalam menggunakan arus kas. S

This research examined the effect of stock liquidity on the propensity to pay dividend for 254 Indonesian public listed firms during the period of l 2011 and 2015. Stock liquidity implies transparency level and serves as market monitor for management performance in using the cash flow. Furthermore, this research examines the impact of stock liquidity on dividend payment in the presence of agency conflicts using agency proxies, wedge and government ownership. This paper employed multivariate probit regression. The baseline model has controlled for time in-variant and industry sectors. Robustness checks are employed to present consistent result for other stock liquidity measures. The results confirm the predicted dividend model outcome and prove the contradiction in dividend signaling theory.
THE ACQUISITION OF XHOSA PHONEMES

This study is based on corpus collected from 10 Xhosa-speaking children aged J 2 to 36 months, for the period of J2 months, recording their spontaneous vocalisations. Language and speech acquisition of Xhosa does not seem to follow the patterns of many Indo European languages studied. Xhosa possesses a large repertoire of phenomenon, such as clicks, which are unknown in other languages. The similarities and differences in existing data on other languages and their significance for professions such as Speech-Therapy and Education are identified and discussed.
The Physicochemical, Microbiology, and Sensory Characteristics of Kefir Goat Milk with Different Levels of Kefir Grain

Kefir is a fermented milk product. The kefir grain starter consists of lactic acid bacteria and yeast that produce lactic acid and alcohol. The quality of kefir is strongly influenced by the type of milk used, the amount of kefir grain, kefir grain microorganisms, and the incubation period. The characteristics of goat-milk kefir with the addition of different amounts of kefir grain were studied by measuring pH value, ethanol content, and percentage of lactic acid. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (RCD) with three treatments and five replications. The treatments were performed by using different amounts of kefir grains i.e., 2%, 4%, and 6%. Goat-milk kefir was pasteurized at 105oC for 5 minutes, cooled at room temperature (37oC), and then kefir grain was added at different levels and incubated for 12 hours. The results showed that the amounts of kefir grain had a significant effect (p<0.05) on pH value, the percentage of lactic acid, and ethanol content of goat-milk kefir produced. The higher dose of kefir grain had an influence on physicochemical characteristics, microbiology, and sensory of goat-milk kefir. The optimal characteristics of goat-milk kefir were 2% kefir grain with a pH value of 5.40, lactic acid content of 0.14%, and ethanol content of 0.69%. The weight gain of kefir grain was 7.21% and the total of lactic acid bacteria was 1.64x107 CFU/mL. Sensory quality had a white color, kefir scent, a non-acid taste, and like preference. It is concluded that the best goat-milk kefir can be produced by the addition of 2% kefir grain based on physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics.
The Opportunistic Timing of Share Repurchases Around Stock Option Grants To Company Executives

Companies repurchase their shares for several reasons, on average leading to a positive share price effect. This research investigates the potential opportunistic timing of open-market share repurchases around at-the-money stock option grants to company executives. The relation between stock option grants and share repurchase activity is tested using ordinary least squares and logistic regression models after successfully establishing a matched panel dataset. The results show that companies significantly increase their share repurchase activity around stock option grants, supporting the anti-dilution and stock option funding theory. The CEO, CFO and CIO effectively time company share repurchases opportunistically for their private benefits by postponing the significant increase in share repurchases until after receiving at-the-money stock options. This prevents the price increasing effect to inflate the exercise price of their at-the-money granted stock options. Executives other than the CEO, CFO and CIO seem to be unable to time share repurchases opportunistically, as the share repurchase activity is significantly increased both before and after receiving at-the-money stock options. This paper reveals a new form of agency problem. The opportunistic timing is expected to be costly for shareholders and therefore additional restrictions are needed.
Elementary School Students' Attitudes towards Science: Kutahya Sample

The aim of present research is to examine whether the attitudes of elementary school students towards science are varied according to certain variables. Survey model was used in the study and cluster sampling strategy was utilized to recruit participants. The total of 1041 elementary school students were participants in this research. Science and Technology Course Attitude Scale (Yasar, & Anagun, 2008) was used to collect data. It was seen that the data did not spread of the normal distribution and that the non-parametric techniques could be used. For this, in the analysis of the research data, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for frequency, percentage, arithmetic average, paired comparison among the groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple comparisons. The level of significance in the analysis of the data was accepted as . 05. The results showed that the elementary school students have positive attitudes towards science. Female students, students from urban schools, and students that want to occupy in science related jobs in their future have significantly higher scores than their counter peers. Moreover, the scores differed significantly as the students’ families’ income and their education level increases
α-synuclein promotes progression of Parkinson's disease by upregulating autophagy signaling pathway to activate NLRP3 inflammasome

Mechanism by which α-synuclein affects the progression of Parkinson's disease through Pyrin Domain Containing Protein 3 (NLRP3) was explored. Peripheral blood plasma of 40 Parkinson's disease patients and 40 normal healthy people attending the department of neurology of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University were collected from March 2018 to January 2019. The expression levels of oligomers, phosphorylated α-synuclein, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) in plasma were detected by ELISA. Astrocytes in mouse brain tissues were extracted by primary culture method, the cells were divided into drug group and the drug + inhibitor group. After adding 0, 5, 10 and 20 µg oligomerized α-synuclein or 5 mM autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), the expression level of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and Atg5 proteins in the cells was detected. The expression level of IL-1β in peripheral blood of PD patients was significantly increased (0.604±0.136 µmol/l vs. 1.876±0.327 µmol/l, P=0.002), while there was no significant difference between IL-6 and TGF-α. Both oligomers (0.171±0.045 µmol/l vs. 0.676±0.084 µmol/l, P<0.0001) and phosphorylated α-synuclein (0.128±0.041 µmol/l vs. 0.849±0.108 µmol/l, P<0.0001) in peripheral blood of PD patients were significantly elevated. The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in mouse astrocytes all increased with the increase of the concentration of oligomerized α-synuclein, and Atg5 protein expression also increased gradually with the concentration, and reached the highest level when the concentration was 10 µg/ml. The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were inhibited after the addition of autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. α-synuclein mediates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in PD patients by upregulating Atg5 protein expression.
Accounting rules and value relevance: A new perspective from the Italian market

The purpose of this study is to question the basic assumption of the higher value relevance (meaning its superior ability to represent the value of assets and liabilities) of the International Accounting Standard (IAS-IFRS), as compared to Italian accounting practices. Value relevance refers to the vast literature which investigates if and how financial data includes useful information for investors; in other words, if it represents a robust basis for their investment decisions. Analyzing both Anglo-Saxon and other European countries, the literature shows a heterogeneous scenario and divergent results. Unlike previous studies, this study links market and book values by means of the price to book value ratio, considering a sample of Italian listed companies on the Mercato Telematico Azionario, the main segment of the Italian Stock Exchange. Moreover, to strengthen the empirical results the research takes into account a longer period (1996-2015), bearing in mind the change in Italian accounting practices occurring in 2005 as a result of the adoption of IAS-IFRS. The study is consistent with that part of the literature which argues that the accounting discipline underlying IAS-IFRS shows a discrepancy between its theoretical purpose of expressing the current value of a company and its applicable accounting standards. In this respect, the results obtained are somewhat different from the mainstream view, suggesting that the introduction of the IAS-IFRS does not contribute to reducing the gap between the stock market capitalization and the respective book value of a company. Therefore, the Italian national accounting discipline, based on conservative accounting, quite surprisingly appears more value relevant; in other words, it seems to be more able to capture the business value assumed by investors.
Are African exports that weak? A trade in value added approach

African countries are known to export less than any other group of countries in the world. Numerous studies have pointed out the high level of transport costs related to the lousy quality of transport infrastructures in the African continent to be the main explanation of this situation. We first show that depending on the estimator used, African countries on aggregate do not trade necessary less than the average country in the world when it comes to gross exports, even if they underperform clearly as regards final goods exports. We also formulate a model for trade in value-added by adapting the Anderson and Van Wincoop’s gravity equation to take into account the structure of value-added exports. The proposed model highlights the importance of indirect trade costs, which are trade costs of third countries through which the exported value-added of the origin country passes to reach its final destination. When we control for these indirect trade costs, it appears that the penalty on the direct trade costs between African countries’ and their partners is at least two times lower for value-added exports than what is predicted for gross exports and even six times lower in comparison to final goods exports.
Uncovering neglected success factors in post-acquisition reverse capability transfer_ Evidence from Chinese multinational corporations in Europe

Based on empirical evidence of four Chinese firms’ outward mergers and acquisitions (M&As) to European countries, this paper examines previously neglected key success factors in post-acquisition reverse capability transfer. We identified three such factors: home-country advantage, motivation-oriented complementary resources, and acquirers’ attractiveness, and argue that post-acquisition capability transfer is affected by not only the process factors that occur during the post-acquisition phase but also by pre-acquisition status factors. In this way, the paper enriches the process perspective of M&A, thereby contributing to the international M&A literature and to studies of multinational corporations (MNCs) from emerging economies.
Solving Economic Load Dispatch Problem by Imperialist Competitive Algorithm

This research displays an imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) to solve economic dispatch problem by allocating the load demand among the available thermal units to keep the operating cost minimized as possible. ICA algorithm has been applied on three systems (6-15-40 units) with various restrictions as generation limits, ramp rate limits (RRL), prohibited operating zone (POZ), valve point loading (VPL) and transmission losses. The numerical results found from the suggested algorithm are compared with Vortex Search Algorithm (VSA), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), jaya algorithm (jaya) and Modified Social Spider Algorithm (MSSA). The results exhibited that ICA is more powerful than other methods.
correlated with colony-level social structure and reproductive 1 sharing in a social fish . 2 3

LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.
Street-level bureaucrats’ action in the implementation of public policies in Brazil: a proposal for expanded analysis

Resumo Neste artigo são analisadas as múltiplas dimensões da atuação dos burocratas de nível de rua no contexto brasileiro da implementação de políticas públicas. O objetivo do ensaio é contribuir para uma maior compreensão do tema com uma abordagem analítica expandida. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em bases digitais acadêmicas que permitiu identificar e selecionar trabalhos nacionais e internacionais de acordo com critérios metodologicamente definidos. As publicações obtidas foram analisadas e organizadas em razão das seguintes categorias conceituais: discricionariedade, estruturas, ação individual e relações. Da tensão sobre regras e discricionariedade na administração pública, a análise e a interpretação desses textos evidenciaram: a) a necessidade de cotejar, separadamente e em conjunto, três diferentes perspectivas da atuação dos burocratas de nível de rua (a perspectiva estrutural, a de ação individual e a relacional); b) a necessidade de compreender a articulação dessas perspectivas no próprio processo de implementação. Após este trabalho de revisão bibliográfica foram formuladas hipóteses para uma análise expandida da atuação dos burocratas implementadores, traçando-se linhas para pesquisas futuras sobre o tema. Este ensaio contribui para o debate sobre o tema com um construto teórico inédito, que busca integrar as três diferentes perspectivas analíticas apresentadas numa síntese dialética dos conceitos centrais da literatura sobre a implementação de políticas públicas pelos burocratas de nível de rua.
The Influencing Factors on Coffee Shop Customers' Revisit Intention

This study aims to investigate the effect of the service marketing mix (7Ps) on satisfaction, the impact of trust on commitment, the impact of satisfaction and loyalty on revisit intention in the context of coffee shop retailer in Jakarta. There are 11 hypotheses developed in this study. There were 332 questionnaires distributed. This study uses PLS-SEM as a statistical tool. This study finds that price, place, promotion, people, and process have a positive effect on satisfaction. Then satisfaction has a positive impact on trust and revisits intention. Besides, trust has a positive impact on commitment. Product and physical evidence do not affect satisfaction, and commitment does not change to revisit intention. Keywords—Service marketing mix, satisfaction, trust, commitment, loyalty and revisit intention.
Charring properties and temperature profiles of laminated bamboo under single side of ISO 834 fire exposure

The charring properties and temperature profiles were studied for laminated bamboo exposed on one-side to ISO 834 fire. A linear model was adopted to represent the charring depth-time relationship. The average charring rate of laminated bamboo was around 1 mm/min, and the charring rate decreased as the total time increased. The temperature of the char front was approximately 270 °C, which was determined via analysis of the time-temperature curve. An additional mathematic model was developed to predict the temperature distribution in the uncharred zone under such conditions, and an abrupt change in temperature was witnessed near the char front. When compared to several different timber species found in previous literature and fire resistance standards, the charring rate of laminated bamboo was relatively high; therefore, future research should focus on way to strengthen the fire retardancy of laminated bamboo.
SEM ANALYSIS FOR TOURIST EXPENDITURE IN AN EMERGING COUNTRY1 ANÁLISIS SEM PARA EL GASTO TURÍSTICO EN UN PAÍS EMERGENTE ANÁLISE SEM DE GASTOS TURÍSTICOS EM UM PAÍS EMERGENTE

The following study attempts to examine the relationship between consumer preferences and expenditure in a Structural Equation Model (SEM) framework. We use data from a survey applied in an emerging country like Peru. There were 6 772 respondents classified by sex, country of residence, education level, and age. The foreign respondents specified their motives and preferences to travel as well as money spent. The SEM technique permit to find a relationship between the latter variables. This assessment is relevant for tourism policymakers since it will help to find the main drivers of expenditure by foreign visitors within an emerging country. Our study permitted us to identify the motives to visit: leisure, business and education, and others as main drivers of touristic expenditure.
Correlates of Health Related Quality of Life of Chronic Hepatitis C Children Attending Assiut University Children Hospital.

Background: Egypt is one of the most affected countries by HCV. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become an important outcome measure in patients with chronic liver disease. Data regarding HRQOL among children patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is lacking. Objectives: To assess the impact of HCV on health related quality of life of chronic hepatitis C children and identify risk factors of HRQOL impairment in those children. Methods: A case control study was conducted on 84 Chronic Hepatitis C Children (CHC) and 124 age and sex matched healthy volunteers. HRQOL was assessed by Child Health Questionnaires (CHQ), The CHQ-Parent Report Form (PF50) and CHQChild Report Form (CF87). Risk factors affecting HRQOL of CHC children were assessed by multiple regression analysis. ‎Results: Compared with controls, CHC children had lower HRQOL on all scales of the CHQ. Hypo-albuminemia was significantly associated with impaired physical summary (PhS) of CHQ-Child Form (P= 0.007). However, raised liver enzyme; Aspartate transaminase (ALT) and low platelet count (PLT) were significantly associated with impaired psychosocial summary (PsS) of CHQ-Child Form. Conclusion: CHC children had lower HRQOL than controls. The predictor of impaired Physical HRQOL was hypoalbuminemia while the predictor of impaired psychosocial HRQOL was raised ALT and thrombocytopenia. It is recommended to increase awareness about HCV related issues with special focus on quality of life that is a significant factor when making decisions about hepatitis C treatment strategies. Medical and social support services should be available to children with HCV.
he Val66Met polymorphism in the BDNF gene is ssociated with epilepsy in fragile X syndrome

Department of Biomedicine/Physiology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
The effects of a visible-annotation tool for sequential knowledge construction on discourse patterns and collaborative outcomes

This study aimed to explore learners’ discourse patterns and outcomes while using a visible-annotation tool as a collaborative representation tool. The tool used in this study introduced two types of sharing activities before the problem-solving phase to support sequential knowledge construction. Forty participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups according to two variables: type of sharing activities (meaning sharing activity (M) and opinion sharing activity (O)), and type of representation function to guide sharing activities (word-based function (W) and sentence-based function (S)). All three groups performed sharing activities during the same period. After completing these, the participants carried out a lesson-planning task in pairs during the problem-solving phase. All annotations across three learning phases were categorised to investigate discourse patterns. The findings revealed that Group MWOS, provided with M based on W and O based on S, had the most effective knowledge construction process, showing sequential discourse patterns. In addition, differences in discourse patterns among groups positively influenced the level of collaborative outcomes.
Clinicopathological Implications of Proteinuria after Long-Term Isolated Hematuria due to Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

A 45-year-old obese man presented with persistent hematuria for 21 years. At the age of 37, he developed hypertension and proteinuria which later increased up to 1.6 g/g creatinine. Kidney biopsy revealed thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which explained his urinary abnormalities. Although a subgroup of TBMN can be complicated by FSGS, his FSGS was associated with obesity because of its histological features. Reduction of body weight and increasing a dose of angiotensin-receptor blocker could transiently reduce the amount of proteinuria. Clinicopathological implications of proteinuria after long-term hematuria by TBMN and FSGS were further discussed.