Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crystal Modulus of Poly(glycolic acid) and Its Temperature Dependence

Elastic modulus of the crystalline regions (crystal modulus) of poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) in the directions parallel (El) and perpendicular (Et) to the chain axis was measured by X-ray diffraction. The El value of PGA was 104 GPa at room temperature. This relatively low El value suggests that the PGA skeleton is not fully extended as reported before but contracted. The Et value of PGA was obtained as 7 GPa, which resembles that (7 GPa) of poly(vinyl alcohol) based on intermolecular hydrogen bonds. This reveals strong intermolecular interactions act between PGA molecules in the crystal lattice. Both low El value and high Et value are considered to contribute to the extraordinarily high melting point (223 °C) of PGA among aliphatic polyesters. Temperature dependence (13–400 K) of both El and Et of PGA was also investigated. Abrupt changes around 200 K for both directions were considered to be caused by molecular motion in the crystalline regions of PGA.
Soil greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical coastal wetlands and alternative agricultural land uses

Abstract. Coastal wetlands are essential for regulating the global carbon budget through soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas (GHG – CO2, CH4, and N2O) fluxes. The conversion of coastal wetlands to agricultural land alters these fluxes' magnitude and direction (uptake/release). However, the extent and drivers of change of GHG fluxes are still unknown for many tropical regions. We measured soil GHG fluxes from three natural coastal wetlands – mangroves, salt marsh, and freshwater tidal forests – and two alternative agricultural land uses – sugarcane farming and pastures for cattle grazing (ponded and dry conditions). We assessed variations throughout different climatic conditions (dry–cool, dry–hot, and wet–hot) within 2 years of measurements (2018–2020) in tropical Australia. The wet pasture had by far the highest CH4 emissions with 1231±386 mgm-2d-1, which were 200-fold higher than any other site. Dry pastures and sugarcane were the highest emitters of N2O with 55±9 mgm-2d-1 (wet–hot period) and 11±3 mgm-2d-1 (hot-dry period, coinciding with fertilisation), respectively. Dry pastures were also the highest emitters of CO2 with 20±1 gm-2d-1 (wet–hot period). The three coastal wetlands measured had lower emissions, with salt marsh uptake of -0.55±0.23 and -1.19±0.08 gm-2d-1 of N2O and CO2, respectively, during the dry–hot period. During the sampled period, sugarcane and pastures had higher total cumulative soil GHG emissions (CH4+N2O) of 7142 and 56 124 CO2-eqkgha-1yr-1 compared to coastal wetlands with 144 to 884 CO2-eqkgha-1yr-1 (where CO2-eq is CO2 equivalent). Restoring unproductive sugarcane land or pastures (especially ponded ones) to coastal wetlands could provide significant GHG mitigation.
Polyphenol content and pharmacological activities of Capsicum frutescens and C. chinense genotypes

Abstract. Sahid ZD, Syukur M, Maharijaya A, Nurcholis W. 2021. Polyphenol content and pharmacological activities of Capsicum frutescens and C. chinense genotypes. Biodiversitas 22: 3838-3843. Chili is a horticultural crop with potential as a functional food crop. This is because chili has beneficial biochemical parameters such as antioxidants, phenolics, flavonoids, and ? -glucosidase inhibitors. This study evaluated the biochemical parameters in twelve genotypes of two chili species (Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum chinense). Information from this research can be used as a reference in chili plant breeding activities which are directed as functional food plants. The method of measuring biochemical parameters using an ELISA reader with a modified method. Samples were measured with a microplate and repeated three times. The results that emerged from the ELISA reader were then converted with Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the R program. The results showed that the Capsicum chinense species (Habanero Fransisca) had the highest ? -glucosidase inhibitory activity (52.52%) compared to other genotypes of the Capsicum frutescens species. The highest TPC (19.42), TFC (2.51), and antioxidant FRAP (117.27) were shown by the pure line genotype F8 285290-290-2-2-4-4-1. The biochemical content of the chili genotypes tested was divided into three major groups. This grouping is not affected based on the species used. The correlation between antioxidants using the FRAP method with TFC (0.69) and TPC (0.83) is positive and significantly different. In conclusion, information on biochemical content can be used as a basis for developing genotypes, especially for the purposes of plant breeding activities in the future.
Irregular synthesis of callose, presence of thick cell walls and starch storage in the meiocytes and tapetum, non-separation of microspores from tetrads and formation of fragmentary exine wall on the peripheral pollen tetrads are characteristic features of the anthers

10). Subsequent development of microspores is accompanied by the disappearance of PAS-positive material present in the locule (Fig. 11). Callosic deposition also disintegrates from the peripheral microspore tetrads. But microspores do not separate and remain in tetrad condition. Subsequent to the loss of locular deposition of PAS-positive material and starch grains in the microspore, a distinct PAS-positive wall forms around each microspore (Fig. 11). But, as revealed by the calcoflourwhite test, microspore walls appear to be lacking in cellulosic deposition (Fig. 12). In the degenerating tapetum cell walls become less distinct before they disintegrate completely. The degenerating tapetal cells retain rich contents of RNA and proteins. In the nearly mature anther, formation of exine wall is observed only in the peripheral pollen tetrads (Figs. 12, 13). Even in these pollen tetrads the exine is fragmentary and forms only on the outer face of the spores. The central pollen tetrads totally lack exine wall (Figs. 12, 13). Exine wall of the peripheral pollen tetrads is autofluorescent in nature (Fig. 12). It is MBBnegative but azure-B positive (Fig. 13). With azure-B exine wall stains green indicating the presence of phenolic compounds and acid polysaccharides (Fig. 13). Even after the formation of exine wall, the degenerating tapetal cells continue to secrete the autofluorescent material on its inner tangential surface (Fig. 12). Mature pollen grains, which remain in tetrads, possess rich contents of cytoplasmic polysaccharides (Fig. 11), RNA (Fig. 13) and total proteins. Pollen tetrads aggregate to form pollinium (Figs. 11, 12, 13). Prior to the anther dehiscence tapetum degenerates completely. Few cells of endothecium possess fibrous thickenings.
Influence of synchronization within a sensor network on machine learning results

Abstract. Process sensor data allow for not only the control of industrial processes but also an assessment of plant conditions to detect fault conditions and wear by using sensor fusion and machine learning (ML). A fundamental problem is the data quality, which is limited, inter alia, by time synchronization problems. To examine the influence of time synchronization within a distributed sensor system on the prediction performance, a test bed for end-of-line tests, lifetime prediction, and condition monitoring of electromechanical cylinders is considered. The test bed drives the cylinder in a periodic cycle at maximum load, a 1 s period at constant drive speed is used to predict the remaining useful lifetime (RUL). The various sensors for vibration, force, etc. integrated into the test bed are sampled at rates between 10 kHz and 1 MHz. The sensor data are used to train a classification ML model to predict the RUL with a resolution of 1 % based on feature extraction, feature selection, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) projection. In this contribution, artificial time shifts of up to 50 ms between individual sensors' cycles are introduced, and their influence on the performance of the RUL prediction is investigated. While the ML model achieves good results if no time shifts are introduced, we observed that applying the model trained with unmodified data only to data sets with time shifts results in very poor performance of the RUL prediction even for small time shifts of 0.1 ms. To achieve an acceptable performance also for time-shifted data and thus achieve a more robust model for application, different approaches were investigated. One approach is based on a modified feature extraction approach excluding the phase values after Fourier transformation; a second is based on extending the training data set by including artificially time-shifted data. This latter approach is thus similar to data augmentation used to improve training of neural networks.
Complexity and inclusivity of intrasituational behavior : empirical analysis

Ribes and López's (1985) taxonomy proposed that psychological behavior is progressively complex and inclusive. In that respect, there is little research and data are not robust. A study was conducted with the purpose to increase data related to the complexity and inclusivity of the three less complex behaviors of the taxonomy, with three training sequences, namely: 1) ascending (contextual-supplementary-selector), 2) descending-ascending (supplementary -contextual-selector) and 3) descending (selector-supplementary-contextual). The objective was to evaluate the effect of the interaction history (related to training sequences) on differential (contextual), effective (supplementary) and precise (selector) behavior adjustment process. Results showed that a greater number of training sessions were required to improve the performance in functional organizations with greater complexity when participants lacked an interaction history related to programmed contingencies. But, when the interaction history participated in the functional organization, as a previous interaction with the contingencies, a facilitating effect was found in the behavioral adjustment, regardless of whether the transition was ascending or descending. It is discussed whether the increase in the number of sessions is related to the complexity of each level of functional organization. Regarding the functional training transitions, ascending and descending, its effects on facilitation in learning are discussed in relation to the assumption of functional inclusivity.
The Effect of Different Ratios of Malonic Acid to Plyvinylalcohol on Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Electrospun Separators in Lithium-Ion Batteries

The present study aimed to investigate the mechanical, thermal, and electrochemical properties of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun separators in the presence of Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) hydrophilic materials and Malonic Acid (MA) crosslinker inside the lithium-ion batteries. The results showed that the M3 modified separator with the MA to PVA+MA (wt./wt.) optimum ratio of 37.5 % had the best performance in all tests. This separator had a value of 3.16 mS/cm in the ion conductivity test. Additionally, it had an electrolyte uptake of 1172 % (2.39 times more than the neat PAN separator) and thermal shrinkage of 7.4 % at 180 °C, where this value was 14.5 % for neat PAN separator at the same experimental condition. Furthermore, the acceptable performance in the battery performance tests was compared with other separators.
3D Multi-Object Tracking Using Lidar Data

Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) is a challenging task and its application on Self Autonomous Driving Systems is crucial to ensure efﬁciency and accuracy in these systems. With the help of the Deep Afﬁnity Network (DAN), we introduce the Point Cloud Deep Afﬁnity Network (PC-DAN), which is a variant of the Deep Afﬁnity Network (DAN) but on 3D point cloud LiDAR data. We conduct many experiments to judge the effectiveness of our point cloud model on the challenging KITTI benchmarks (i
A further study of the nesting biology of Leptochilus (Neoleptochilus) regulus (de Saussure, 1855) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)

Two females of Leptochilus regulus (de Saussure, 1855) were observed nesting in reed stalks of a Fabre’s hive serving as a block of trap nests in Crimea, with the timekeeping of all their nesting behaviours. The building material used by the females to separate the nesting cavity into the cells consisted of pellets of dry soil, gravel particles, and small fragments of tree bark, leaves, and thin stems. Females rapidly carried these items collected in 1.0–1.5 m from the nests. They bonded only the last portions of the building material in each “partition” with a very small amount of mud. An additional amount of unbonded building material items was deposited into the nest after sealing the last nest cell. Females hunted exclusively for small larvae of an anobiid beetle (Coleoptera, Anobiidae); they stored 19–37 prey items per cell. Hunting and provisioning occupied the largest portion of the females’ time budget. Duration of hunting flights was different between the females. The nests of both females contained three brood cells. Cocoons of Chrysis ragusae De Stefani, 1888 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) were found in the nests; females of this cuckoo wasp species were also recorded entering the host nests at the stage of provisioning, acting apparently as inquilines. The cocoon ultrastructure of L. regulus is illustrated and discussed.
Lowermost mantle shear-velocity structure from hierarchical trans-dimensional Bayesian tomography

The core-mantle boundary (CMB) is the most extreme boundary within the Earth where the liquid, iron-rich outer core interacts with the rocky, silicate mantle. The nature of the lowermost mantle atop the CMB, and its role in mantle dynamics, is not completely understood. Various regional studies have documented significant heterogeneities at different spatial scales. While there is a consensus on the long scale-length structure of the inferred S-wave speed tomograms, there are also notable differences stemming from different imaging methods and datasets. Here we aim to overcome over-smoothing and avoid over-fitting data for the case where the spatial coverage is sparse and the inverse problem ill-posed. Here we present an S-wave tomography model at global scale for the Lowermost Mantle (LM) using the Hierarchical Trans-dimensional Bayesian Inversion (HTDBI) framework, LM-HTDBI. Our HTDBI analysis of ScS-S travel times includes uncertainty, and the complexity of the model is deduced from the data itself through an implicit parameterization of the model space. Our comprehensive resolution estimates indicate that short-scale anomalies are significant and resolvable features of the lowermost mantle regardless of the chosen mantle-model reference to correct the travel times above the D’’ layer. The recovered morphology of the Large-Low-Shear-wave Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs) is complex, featuring small high-velocity patches among low-velocity domains. Instead of two large, unified, and smooth LLSVPs, the newly obtained images suggest that their margins are not uniformly flat.
Are Multiseasonal Forecasts of Atmospheric Rivers Possible?

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) exert significant socioeconomic impacts in western North America, where 30 % of the annual precipitation is determined by ARs that occur in less than 15 % of wintertime. ARs are thus beneficial to water supply but can produce extreme precipitation hazards when making landfall. While most prevailing research has focused on the subseasonal ( ≤ 5 weeks) prediction of ARs, only limited efforts have been made for AR forecasts on multiseasonal timescales ( ≥ 3 months) that are crucial for water resource management and disaster preparedness. Through the analysis of reanalysis data and retrospective predictions from a new seasonal‐to‐decadal forecast system, this research shows the existing potential of multiseasonal AR frequency forecasts with predictive skills 9 months in advance. Additional analysis explores the dominant predictability sources and challenges for multiseasonal AR prediction.
Post-tonsillectomy pain management in pediatric patients-a review

Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure performed in the pediatric age group. Although tonsillectomy is a safe surgery, it is associated with significant post-operative pain. Analgesia after tonsillectomy is often inadequate. Severe post-tonsillectomy throat pain has been described for more than a decade. Parents often worry for handling the pain of their children in home. Post-tonsillectomy pain is often considered as a long lasting and intense in nature. Post-tonsillectomy pain in children is an important problem which overstrains the patient, family and hospital staff. Post-tonsillectomy pain in children is an important problem which overstrains the patient, family and hospital staff. Regulatory alteration in the analgesic armamentarium, particularly in pediatric patients are making the treatment of post-tonsillectomy pain more difficult. Post-tonsillectomy pain in pediatric patients continues to be highly debated clinical issue and also an area of active research. Post-tonsillectomy pain can result in significant morbidity among pediatric patients. There are several analgesics available; each one has its own risk profile and unique side effects when used in pediatric age group in post-tonsillectomy period. This review article provides an update on recent management of post-tonsillectomy pain in pediatric patients. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, impact of post-tonsillectomy pain in children and details of medications used for controlling post-tonsillectomy pain.
Preferences and constraints on an Islamic consumer: An analysis from Islamic perspective

Consumption is one of the central activity of an economy. It is perhaps the ultimate aim of all economic activity. The paper investigates Muslim consumer behaviour. The question that this study answers are what Muslim consumer behaviour is and how does it differ from Nep-Classical approach. This Study has adopted a realist ontological stance and interpretivist Epistemology. Units of data collection for the study were the Quranic verses and the texts of Hadith. The study found that an optimal Muslim consumer is confined in his consumption and spending to the boundaries of Sharia i.e., to stay away from Tabzir (pre-eminence) and Israf (extravagance) and follows the balanced approach, which is moderation and unlike modern day neo-classical Consumer theory, consumption is not the ultimate aim of human being. The paper suggests that the consumption behaviour of Muslim consumer must be guided by Islamic Principles. The paper also finds that the Muslim consumer should prioritize his/her expenditure within the domain of the Halal earning and spending. Thus, the findings of the paper show a compact Islamic consumer framework.
Antidiabetic Potential of Methanol Extract of Flamboyant (Delonix regia) Flowers

Providing scientific evidences for the medicinal benefits and possible toxic effects of the flamboyant flowers (Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. ) are very important to implementing the medicinal plant in this modern era. This study aimed to investigate antidiabetic potential of methanol extract of flamboyant flowers using a completely random design. Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups with 4 replications: healthy rats (normal control, P1), diabetic rats treated with flamboyant flower extract of 0 (negative control, P2), 100 (P3), 200 (P4), and 400 mg/kg BW (P5), and rats which were induced by 0.45 mg/kg BW of Glibenclamide (positive control, P6). Diabetic condition was achieved by a single injection of alloxan 150 mg/kg BW. Treatments were given once a day for 14 days. On day 0, 3 and 18 blood samples were withdrawn from rats’ orbital vein for glucose measurement. All rats were sacrificed for liver, gastrocnemius muscles and pancreatic tissues collection. The liver and gastrocnemius muscle were subjected for glycogen measurement whereas pancreatic tissues were processed for histological examinations. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and followed by Duncan test. The results showed that flamboyant flowers extracts significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood glucose as well as degeneration and necrosis of pancreatic β cells. Optimal dose to decrease blood glucose and pancreatic cell degeneration was 200 mg/kg BW; whereas optimum dose to decrease pancreatic cell necrosis was 400 mg/kg BW. In conclusion, flamboyant flower extract can reduce blood glucose in rats. This is the first that shows antidiabetic potential of local Flamboyant flower extracts along its toxicity effect to pancreatic tissues. These information could become a basic consideration for the use of the plant extracts as a candidate to cure patients with diabetic problems.
Children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy those underwent at least two years seizure remission: a retrospective analysis

Background: The aim of the retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the index antiepileptic drugs in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy who underwent at least 2 years remission.Methods: A total of 52 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy who underwent at least 2 years remission were identified retrospectively from the records of the paediatric and neurology care clinic from April 2017 to December 2020.Results: The seizure patterns of 52 cases were tonic-clonic seizures alone (73%), a combination of tonic-clonic seizures and absences (13.5%), and combined tonic-clonic seizures and myoclonus (13.5%). The total number of seizures at enrolment in all (age at seizure onset 7.44±5.12 years, male-female ratio (31:21) was 651 (mean 12.52±26.60). The total number of follow-up visits in all was 6.62±14.44 consisting of 1177.5±772.86 days of follow-up periods. All patients continued index antiepileptic drugs with initial target doses varies from low to moderate ranges. Add-on therapy was initiated in 43% of cases around the titration phase of index antiepileptic drugs (i.e. very early add-on). Treatment trends reveal increased use of 1st generation antiepileptic drugs than 2nd and 3rd generation. 2 years seizure remission rates were 55.77% by index antiepileptic drugs only therapy and 44.23% by very early add-on therapy. The seizure remission period was mean±SD 858.71±209.08 days.Conclusions: Index antiepileptic drugs with low to moderate initial target doses lead to achieving 2 years or more seizure remission. Very early add-on therapy is the novelty and leads to achieving the goal.
Evaluating the Use of Eggshell Waste Ash in High Strength Concrete

 Reducing the amount of cement in concrete production.  Positive impact in supporting natural resources' sustainability and ‎depletion of ozone layer by reducing the rate of CO2 emission. ‎  Reducing the environment pollution by eggshell wastes.  Eggshell ash can be used as a partial replacement to cement in concrete.  ‎Eggshell ash can be used to enhance the durability of concrete. This study aims to determine the effect of incorporating eggshell waste as partial compensation from Portland cement material on high-strength concrete mixtures' performance. The properties studied are workability, compressive and flexural strengths, water absorption, dry density, and thermal conductivity. In the same trend, the environmental impact of the replacement mentioned above is evaluated. Four different weight percentages (0%,5%,10%,15%, and 20%) of the cement were replaced with eggshells ash. The results indicate that the incorporation of eggshell powder improves the compressive strength and flexural strength by about 14.7% and 6.5%, respectively, at 28days age over control concrete mixes at 15% replacement. The optimum replacement ratio was found to be 15% based on the strength. Furthermore, the results showed a reduction in water absorption and thermal conductivity as 15% of eggshell ash was used as a replacement by cement weight with 10.7% and 10.65 respectively, besides the reduction in the amount of cement used in the mixture. These results are positively reflected in supporting natural resources' sustainability and depleting the ozone layer by reducing the emitted gases. A R T I C L E I N F O Handling editor: Wasan I. Khalil