Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Do We Know About Treating Recalcitrant Auricular Keloids? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Recalcitrant auricular keloids are keloids that have recurred after any previous treatment. They have been shown to have an increased likelihood of recurrence. There is no consensus on how best to treat recalcitrant auricular keloids. Here, we perform the first systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the evidence for treating recalcitrant auricular keloids. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and EBM Reviews using specific keywords. Prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to assess article eligibility. Data were extracted for number of recalcitrant keloids, treatment modality, recurrence, and minimum follow-up time. Included articles were stratified by treatment and assigned a level of evidence (LOE) based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate recurrence rates with 95% confidence intervals for each treatment modality. Results: A total of 887 unique articles were identified and 13 included. Eleven were LOE III and 2 were LOE IV. Recurrence rates were found to be 9% (95% CI: 3%-25%) for excision with adjuvant brachytherapy, 14% (95% CI: 12%-17%) for excision with adjuvant compression therapy, 17% (95% CI: 3%-56%) for excision with adjuvant external beam radiation, and 18% (95% CI: 4%-53%) for excision with adjuvant steroid injections. No statistical significant difference was found. Conclusions: Data for treatment of auricular keloids are heterogeneous with few high-quality studies. Excision with adjuvant brachytherapy has the lowest recurrence rate in our analysis. Narrow confidence intervals reported here for brachytherapy and compression therapy may help surgeons more confidently recommend either of these treatment modalities to patients.
Defining fertility management units and land suitability analysis using digital soil mapping approach

Abstract Classification of fields into management units based on soil variability and fertility is important for spatial crop planning. The present study was conducted in Chukanagallu subwatershed (97 km2), Koppal district of Northern Karnataka Plateau, India to map the soil fertility management units and to analyse the suitability of soil for different crops. Random forest regression and classification algorithms were used to map the differentiating characteristics of soil series (soil depth, coarse fragments and soil colour), physicochemical properties (pH, EC and OC) and fertility parameters (P2O5, K2O, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B). Random forest model performed well for the prediction of fertility parameters (R 2 = 44–73%) and physicochemical properties (R 2 = 39–83%) compared to soil depth and coarse fragments (R 2 = 17–18%). Predicted soil fertility parameters and physicochemical properties were used for the delineation of different homogenous fertility management units. Soil series characteristics and fertility parameters were also evaluated using a multi-criteria approach for suitability of soil for cotton, groundnut and rice cultivation and the results showed that major area of subwatershed is moderately suitable for the cultivation of cotton, rice and groundnut. The management units derived from DSM approach were symmetrical in production potential and requires similar management aspects which are useful for appropriate planning of management strategies such as crop selections and nutrient management to achieve sustainable production.
Eating Quality of Beef from Arsi, Borana, and Harar Cattle Breed, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia

The objective of this study was to evaluate the eating qualities of Arsi, Borana, and Harar Cattle breeds in Ethiopia. A total of 39 bulls with age categories of - 6, and 7 - 9 years were used for the study. The bulls were purchased from mixed crop-livestock systems (Arsi and Harar) and Ranch (Borana) and slaughtered to evaluate the eating quality. WBSF device was used to evaluate instrumental tenderness while sensory panel testing was used to evaluate sensory tenderness, juiciness and flavor. The color of the meat was evaluated using Hunter Lab Mini Scan EZ while water holding capacity was evaluated using filter papers. A complete randomized design was used for the study. Breed significantly affected (P 0.0001) instrumental tenderness with beef from Harar and Boran bulls were very tender (18.55 ± 5.34, 20.34 ± 4.06N, respectively) while beef from Arsi bulls intermediate in tenderness (40.60 ± 0.51N). Beef from all age group of Harar and Boran breeds were very tender while beef from the Arsi breed was very tender for age 3 years, intermediate for 4 - 6 and tough for age group > 7 years of age. Flavor and juiciness was significantly (P 0.05) affected by breed. Flavor from Harar and Boran breeds were moderately liked while flavor from Arsi was liked slightly. Beef from Boran breed was ranked juicier than beef from Harar and Arsi breed. Borana ( 0.05) in lightness (L*) than Arsi and Harar indicating more quality beef from Borana breed. From the study it was concluded that Arsi bulls older than four years of age produced tougher beef suggesting the use of this breed for beef at early age while beef from Borana and Harar breed can be used to 9 years of age as they produce very tender meat.
The Role of Intrapersonal-, Interpersonal-, Family-, and School-Level Variables in Predicting Bias-Based Cybervictimization

This study investigated whether social position (e.g., gender, migration, family status), intrapersonal-level (e.g., online risk behaviors, motives of Internet use), interpersonal-level (e.g., victimization and bullying), family-level (e.g., parental mediation), and class-level (e.g., teachers’ mediation, ethnic diversity) variables predict bias-based cybervictimization. Self-report questionnaires were completed by 1,018 Austrian adolescents (52.3% girls), aged 12 to 17 years ( X ¯ = 13.55, SD = 0.88). The logistic part of a multilevel zero-inflated Poisson model showed that higher levels of offline victimization and a higher proportion of immigrants in classes were predictors for students reporting at least one form of bias-based cybervictimization. The Poisson part of the model showed that being a girl, higher levels of cybervictimization, lower levels of avoiding online risks, and more discussions about media use with teachers in classes were predictors for students reporting a higher number of bias-based cybervictimization. Implications for prevention are discussed.
On the Optimal Design of Field Significance Tests for Changes in Climate Extremes

Field significance tests have been widely used to detect climate change. In most cases, a local test is used to identify significant changes at individual locations, which is then followed by a field significance test that considers the number of locations in a region with locally significant changes. The choice of local test can affect the result, potentially leading to conflicting assessments of the impact of climate change on a region. We demonstrate that when considering changes in the annual extremes of daily precipitation, the simple Mann‐Kendall trend test is preferred as the local test over more complex likelihood ratio tests that compare the fits of stationary and nonstationary generalized extreme value distributions. This lesson allows us to report, with enhanced confidence, that the intensification of annual extremes of daily precipitation in China since 1961 became field significant much earlier than previously reported.
A multi‐temporal satellite‐based risk analysis of archaeological sites in Qazvin plain (Iran)

In recent decades, we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the risks and damages to archaeological sites and heritage places across the globe. By analysing a case study (the Qazvin plain) in northern Iran, we propose a classification of the types of risks and damages to archaeological sites and we assess the impact of each type over the last 40 years (1980s–2020s). Our research methodology consists of the cross‐correlated multi‐temporal analysis of different sets of satellite imagery with 167 archaeological sites in the Qazvin plain to determine the types, extension and evolution of the damages over the time. This methodology allowed to develop a three‐tier hierarchical framework based on the drivers, threats, and actions jeopardizing the cultural heritage of the region. The result of this study permits to overturn current narratives inferring that the most impacting risks to archaeological sites and heritage places are caused by natural hazards, looting and violent destruction rather than agricultural activity or construction. Consequently, based on this evidence, we draw a distinction between ‘silent’ but constant and pervasive and ‘loud’ but short‐living and circumscribed risks.
Decontamination of Food Packages from SARS-CoV-2 RNA with a Cold Plasma-Assisted System

The accidental contamination of food and food packaging surfaces with SARS-CoV-2 is of increasing concern among scientists and consumers, particularly in relation to fresh foods that are consumed without further cooking. The use of chemical sanitizers is often not suitable for these kinds of commodities; therefore, a non-thermal sanitation technology could help to increase safety in relation to the food supply chain. Cold plasma has proven to be a promising strategy for virus inactivation. This research is aimed at evaluating the ability of a cold plasma sanitation system to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 RNA on packaged foods. Two different plastic materials were investigated and subjected to 5- and 10-min exposure to plasma after experimental inoculum of the RNA. In addition to viral degradation, possible changes in the performance of the materials were evaluated. Shelf-life of the foods, after exposure of the packages to plasma, was also investigated. Results showed that 10 min of exposure was sufficient to almost completely eliminate the viral RNA from package surfaces. The treatment did not produce any significant variation in packaging material performance or the shelf-life of the tested packaged products, indicating the potentiality of this treatment for the decontamination of packaged products.
Global environmental and socio‐economic impacts of a transition to a circular economy in metal and electrical products: A Dutch case study

Shifting from a linear to a circular economy could decouple environmental footprints from an ever growing global GDP. As footprints are increasingly driven by international trade, such a shift in a national economy would have global implications. In this study, we explore the global environmental and socio‐economic impacts of hypothetical circular policy interventions affecting the consumption of metal and electrical products in the Netherlands. We use environmentally extended multi regional input‐output analysis and use repair activities as a proxy to model other circularity activities. Compared with a business‐as‐usual scenario of final demand for metal and electrical products in the Netherlands, we find that the considered interventions yield a decrease in global environmental and socio‐economic impacts (average change −7%), and an increase in domestic employment (+13%) and value added (+2%), as well as a modest increase in most domestic environmental impacts (+1% on average). We explore whether these interventions would lead to resource decoupling (i.e., both economic activity and its associated environmental impacts grow, but the former more strongly than the latter) and/or impact decoupling (i.e., economic activity grows and impacts decrease). Domestically we observe resource decoupling while globally both environmental impacts and economic activity are reduced. Our findings thus challenge the assumption that the implantation of circular economy policies will lead to global resource decoupling, instead suggesting that the social and economic benefits of a circular transition are unequally distributed across regions. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
Water and energy balance of canopy interception as evidence of splash droplet evaporation hypothesis

ABSTRACT Canopy interception (I) can be divided into three processes: evaporation during rainfall (IR ), during storm break time (ISbt ) and after cessation of rainfall. Those values were measured using plastic Christmas tree stands, and it was found that IR was much larger than ISbt . Although it is commonly accepted that wet canopy evaporation is a major process of I, if so, ISbt must be greater than IR because of higher potential evaporation during storm break time. It was also demonstrated that measured IR was greater than calculated IR using the Penman-Monteith (PM) equation that assumes wet surface evaporation. Splash droplet evaporation (SDE), described as splash droplets generated by a raindrop hitting the canopy evaporate, was an alternative mechanism of I. SDE can elucidate ISbt « IR ; for a larger rainfall amount, the number of splash droplets becomes higher. Calculated IR was smaller than measured IR because the PM equation does not include SDE.
Going virtual: adapting in-person interactive focus groups to the online environment

Restrictions on social interaction and travel due to the COVID-19 pandemic have affected how researchers approach fieldwork and data collection. Whilst online focus groups have received attention since the 2000s as a method for qualitative data collection, relatively little of the relevant literature appears to have made use of now ubiquitous video calling software and synchronous, interactive discussion tools. Our own experiences in organising fieldwork aimed at understanding the impact of different ‘future-proofing’ strategies for the European agri-food system during this period resulted in several methodological changes being made at short notice. We present an approach to converting in-person focus group to a virtual methodology and provide a checklist for researchers planning their own online focus groups. Our findings suggest data are comparable to in-person focus groups and factors influencing data quality during online focus groups can be safeguarded. There are several key steps, both before and during the focus groups, which can be taken to ensure the smooth running of such events. We share our reflections on this approach and provide a resource for other researchers moving to online-only data collection.
Customer Loyalty Establishment Model based on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program in Timor Leste

This study aimed to analyze customer loyalty based on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as companies commitment to Timor Leste (Social Care Based Loyalty). The research model was developed through research variables to fill the research gap between CSR and Loyalty by customer trust mediation, country of origin, and social demographic as a moderating variable. SEM analysis was used to analyze the data for hypothesis testing. The finding presented that Social Care Based Loyalty concept is proven. This is indicated by the company's values, which underlie CSR implementation; country of origin moderate the relationship CSR for loyalty establishment and customer trust to mediate CSR to increase customer loyalty of domestic and foreign companies in Timor Leste. The implication is based on the research that customers expect the best additional value obtained from the products/services selection by always providing excellent service based on market demand but still caring about the surrounding community as corporate citizenship implementation.
Enhanced Electrochemical Treatment of Phenanthrene-polluted Soil using Microbial Fuel Cells

In this study, tubular microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were inserted into phenanthrenecontaminated water-logged soil in order to evaluate their treatment efficiency and overall system performance within 60 days’ incubation period. At day 10, phenanthrene degradation rates were found to decrease with increasing distance from the anodes from 50-55 % at 2 cm to 38-40 % at 8 cm. Bromate (used as a catholyte) removal in both MFCs was about 80-95 % on average which is significantly higher than the open circuit controls (15-40 %) over the 60day period. Total chemical oxygen demand removal (72.8 %) in MFCs amended with surfactants was significantly higher than MFCs without surfactant (20 %). This suggests that surfactant addition may have enhanced bioavailability of not only phenanthrene, but other organic matter present in the soil. The outcomes of this work has demonstrated the simultaneous removal of phenanthrene (86%) and bromate (95%) coupled with concomitant bioelectricity generation (about 4.69 mWm) using MFC systems within a radius of influence (ROI) up to 8 cm. MFC technology may be used for in situ decontamination of soils due to its potential detoxification capacity and could be deployed directly as a prototype-MFC design in field applications.
Small‐scale–irrigated agriculture empowered women‐headed households in Tigray, Ethiopia *

Agricultural production in Ethiopia is primarily rainfed, which is characterized by its erratic and often inadequate nature. Women‐headed households are more susceptible to the resulting poor agricultural production. Hence, small‐scale irrigation has been considered as a solution in the country. However, research on its social and economic contribution for these households is limited. Thus, this study aimed at closing this research gap taking Kilte‐Awulaelo District as a case study. The study covered a total of 205 respondents (187 individuals and one group discussion with 18 participants) from three villages. Data were obtained using semi‐structured questionnaires taking changes in household income, housing improvement, resource control, access to social services, and level of community participation as major indicators. The survey indicated that there was an improvement in women‐headed households' overall social and economic benefits after introducing small‐scale irrigation. Small‐scale irrigation significantly increased women‐headed households' income from livestock and crop production by 24.3% and 68.8%, respectively. This led women‐headed households to have access to control of household resources, financial independency, profit, employment opportunities, psychological well‐being, and community participation. It can be concluded that small‐scale irrigation agriculture played a significant role in empowering women‐headed households.
The Schematic Information-Processing (SIP) model of reading comprehension: Theoretical support for the utilization of text-relevant video segments to teach culturally unfamiliar texts in second/foreign language classrooms

Abstract This paper proposes a new theoretical framework for reading instruction in second/foreign language classrooms. The theoretical framework introduced in this paper is called the Schematic Information-Processing (SIP) model of reading comprehension and is a combination of video-based instruction and various reading comprehension theories, models, and strategies. The SIP model supports the positive effects of the utilization of text-relevant video segments in teaching culturally unfamiliar texts in second/foreign language classrooms. According to this model, choosing appropriate text-relevant video segments and playing them in three stages of reading instruction—pre-reading, while-reading, and post-reading—not only can improve second/foreign language readers’ reading comprehension of culturally unfamiliar texts but also can lead to a longer retention of the content of culturally unfamiliar texts as well.
Heat Exchange between Thermometer Well and Pipe Wall in Natural Gas Metering Systems

This paper deals with the accuracy of gas flow temperature measurement in natural gas metering systems. The effect of heat exchange between thermometer well and the pipe wall on the accuracy of gas flow temperature measurement is investigated. A mathematical model is proposed to calculate the additional systematic error of gas flow temperature measurement caused by heat exchange between thermometer well and the pipe wall. Calculation results were compared to the corresponding experimental values of this error. The maximum relative deviation of calculation results from experimental values does not exceed 6 %. The effect of gas flow temperature measurement error on the accuracy of gas flow rate and volume measurement is analyzed. Measures are proposed to minimize the additional systematic error of gas flow temperature measurement and to improve the accuracy of natural gas metering. Досліджено точність вимірювання температури потоку природного газу в системах його обліку. Виконано дослідження впливу теплообміну між гільзою термоперетворювача та стінкою трубопроводу на точність вимірювання температури потоку газу. Запропоновано математичну модель для розрахунку додаткової систематичної похибки вимірювання температури потоку газу, зумовленої теплообміном між гільзою термоперетворювача та стінкою трубопроводу. Виконано порівняння результатів розрахунку цієї похибки з відповідними експериментальними значеннями. Максимальне відносне відхилення результатів розрахунку від експериментальних значень не перевищує 6 %. Проаналізовано вплив похибки вимірювання температури потоку газу на точність вимірювання витрати та кількості газу. Запропоновано заходи для мінімізації додаткової систематичної похибки вимірювання температури потоку газу та для підвищення точності обліку природного газу.
Numerical Statistic Approach for Peak Factor of Non-Gaussian Wind Pressure on Building Claddings

Wind-induced pressures on high-rise buildings claddings are mostly non-Gaussian distribution, and there is a one-to-one relationship between a specified guarantee rate and its corresponding peak factor. In this study, a stepwise search method for calculating the peak factor of non-Gaussian wind pressure and a gradual independent segmentation method for extracting independent peak values are proposed to determine the relationship accurately. Based on the pressure data of a high-rise building obtained from a rigid model wind tunnel test, the peak factors of non-Gaussian wind pressures on claddings are calculated and compared by using several typical methods. The value of the peak factor and its error rate calculated by several methods is compared with the observed average peak value, and the conversion between the guaranteed rate and the peak factor is discussed. Based on the reliability theory, the true distribution of wind pressure time history was approached infinitely through an efficient numerical method in the process of stepwise search. Compared with the classical Sadek–Simiu method, the proposed stepwise search method achieves improved overall accuracy and applicability. The non-Gaussian features are found to be prominent at leading edge airflow separation on the crosswind side, the leeward corner cuts, the windward corner cuts, and the junction of two leeward surfaces at 45° wind direction angle of square section. The junction of two leeward surfaces at 45° wind direction angle exhibits stronger non-Gaussian features than the crosswind surface at 0° wind direction angle. By giving the identical guarantee rate, the peak factors tend to be much larger in the regions with strong non-Gaussian properties and vice versa.