Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Structured Packing for CO 2 Removal in LNG Plants

Treating natural gas in an LNG plant to reduce CO2 to a level sufficient for liquefaction of the gas (typically 50 ppmv) is a classic deep CO2 removal process that often uses an absorber containing either random or structured packing. Process simulation is shown to predict the performance of a CO2 removal unit in an LNG plant before and after revamping from trays to structured packing. Structured packing of various sizes is compared with trays, and its profound effect on absorber performance is shown. There is an optimal packing size for each application. Specifying too large a packing will result in failure to meet the treating goal. Choosing a packing size that is unnecessarily small is not only costly because of higher packing cost, but it invites plugging and reduces tower capacity, too. A quantitative and reliable approach to determining the “right” size is provided.
Simplification for Children

The goal in this paper is to automatically transform text into a simpler text, so that it is easier to understand by children. We perform syntactic simplification, i.e. the splitting of sentences, and lexical simplification, i.e. replacing difficult words with easier synonyms. We test the performance of this approach for each component separately on a per sentence basis, and globally with the automatic construction of simplified news articles and encyclopedia articles. By including information from a language model in the lexical simplification step, we obtain better results over a baseline method. The syntactic simplification shows that some phenomena are difficult to recognize by a parser, and that errors are often introduced. Although the reading difficulty goes down, it still doesn’t reach the required level for young children.
Dynamics and Structure of Mesoscale Error Covariance of a Winter Cyclone Estimated through Short-Range Ensemble Forecasts

Abstract Several sets of short-range mesoscale ensemble forecasts generated with different types of initial perturbations are used in this study to investigate the dynamics and structure of mesoscale error covariance in an intensive extratropical cyclogenesis event that occurred on 24–25 January 2000. Consistent with past predictability studies of this event, it is demonstrated that the characteristics and structure of the error growth are determined by the underlying balanced dynamics and the attendant moist convection. The initially uncorrelated errors can grow from small-scale, largely unbalanced perturbations to large-scale, quasi-balanced structured disturbances within 12–24 h. Maximum error growth occurred in the vicinity of upper-level and surface zones with the strongest potential vorticity (PV) gradient over the area of active moist convection. The structure of mesoscale error covariance estimated from these short-term ensemble forecasts is subsequently flow dependent and highly anisotropic, whic.
International Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles Symposium March 28-31, 2016 San Antonio, USA Two-Layer Model for the Heat Transfer to Supercritical CO2

Heat transfer to CO2 at super-critical pressure (sCO2) within smalldiameter (2-5 mm) pipes or channels of a compact heat exchanger must be predicted accurately in order to ensure its reliability under various operation conditions. Complex nonlinear behaviour of the heat transfer is observed due to the large variations of the sCO2 properties with the local fluid temperature. Deterioration of the heat transfer may occur under conditions when a layer of low-conductivity laminar fluid near the channel walls increases in thickness due to flow acceleration and/or buoyancy. The classical two-layer model, taking account of the ‘turbulent core layer’ and a ‘laminar sub-layer’, is extended to capture these effects. New parameters of the extended model, in particular a modified thickness of the laminar sub-layer, are calibrated using results of Direct Numerical Simulations of heated sCO2-pipe flows. Our new model is applied to small channels under heating or cooling conditions at 8 and 20 MPa in the temperature range between 32°C and 165°C, as relevant for a sCO2 power cycle. It is shown that predictions for the heat transfer and the wall shear stress in vertical channels of the low-temperature recuperator and the reject-heat exchanger deviate significantly from standard correlations.
Expectations and Needs of Socially Disadvantaged Patients for Navigational Support of Primary Health Care Services

Background: Primary healthcare is the main entry to the health care system for most of the population, even for specialized care. In 2014, it was estimated that about 25% of the population in Quebec (Canada) did not have a regular primary healthcare provider. In 2017, after the introduction of a centralized waiting list to enroll unattached patients with a family doctor, nearly 540,000 patients, many of whom were socially disadvantaged, remained on the list. Socially disadvantaged patients often have more health problems, more complex care needs, and more difficult to accommodate life situations (e.g. two or more jobs, no work accommodation, care responsibilities, low income, lack of social network). They can also lack the skills needed to navigate a constantly evolving and complex healthcare system and, consequently, misuse the system. To overcome this problem, a partnership of health system managers, family physician leaders, community agents, and researchers designed, implemented, and evaluated a navigational support initiative. This study aimed to describe and understand the expectations and needs of socially disadvantaged patients towards navigational support interventions to improve their access to healthcare. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study rooted in an international multi-site participatory study (IMPACT) was conducted with socially disadvantaged patients. Semi-structured individual face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted with patients recruited at universal public primary health care clinics in Montérégie, some of whom received the evaluated navigational service. A thematic analysis was performed using NVivo 11 software. Results: Sixteen patients living in socially deprived contexts were recruited. Three main expectations of patients for navigational support were identified: communication expectations (support to understand providers and to be understood by them, provision of communication tips, and help to improve communication between providers); relational expectations (emotional or psychosocial support); and pragmatic expectations (information on available community resources, information about the clinic, tips and tools for medical appointments, and physical support to navigate the health care system). Conclusions: Our study contributes to the literature by identifying the many expectations socially disadvantaged patients have related to navigational services. This information can be used for navigational intervention design.
Pesticide or wastewater: Which one is a bigger culprit for acute health symptoms among vegetable growers in Pakistan's Punjab?

ABSTRACT Literature highlights harmful effects of pesticides and untreated wastewater use on farmers' health but none of the studies explore the magnitude of deleterious health effects simultaneously. The objective of the study is to quantify pesticide and untreated wastewater induced health symptoms among vegetable growers and to investigate which one is a bigger culprit. A sample of 830 vegetable growers was selected by stratified random sampling from three major vegetable growing districts of Pakistan's Punjab. A two stage estimation technique is employed to estimate unbiased health effects of vegetable growers after controlling for pesticide endogeneity. The results demonstrate that both untreated wastewater and pesticide quantities are responsible for acute symptoms, but comparison of their scaled coefficients indicates that wastewater is twofold responsible for acute symptoms than pesticide. To minimize these negative effects, a policy of untreated disposal of wastewater in peri-urban areas for crop production needs to be re-designed. The installation of a treatment plant by collecting pollution premium from untreated wastewater emitters seems to be the most sustainable and practically viable option. It is also observed that pesticide is contributing to farmers' acute symptoms; hence, awareness campaigns about judicious and safe use of pesticides may help to mitigate acute symptoms.
Title Selfish grids : Game-theoretic modeling and NAS / PSAbenchmark evaluation

Selfish behaviors of individual machines in a Grid can potentially damage the performance of the system as a whole. However, scrutinizing the Grid by taking into account the noncooperativeness of machines is a largely unexplored research problem. In this paper, we first present a new hierarchical game-theoretic model of the Grid that matches well with the physical administrative structure in real-life situations. We then focus on the impact of selfishness in intrasite job execution mechanisms. Based on our novel utility functions, we analytically derive the Nash equilibrium and optimal strategies for the general case. To study the effects of different strategies, we have also performed extensive simulations by using a well-known practical scheduling algorithm over the NAS (Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation) and the PSA (Parameter Sweep Application) workloads. We have studied the overall job execution performance of the Grid system under a wide range of parameters. Specifically, we find that the Optimal selfish strategy significantly outperforms the Nash selfish strategy. Our performance evaluation results can serve as a valuable reference for designing appropriate strategies in a practical Grid.
Winter Movements of Bowhead Whales ( Balaena mysticetus ) in the Bering Sea

Working with subsistence whale hunters, we tagged bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus ) with satellite-linked transmitters and documented their movements in the Bering Sea during two winters. We followed 11 whales through the winter of 2008 – 09 and 10 whales in 2009 – 10. The average date that bowhead whales entered the Bering Sea was 14 December in 2008 and 26 November in 2009. All but one tagged whale entered the Bering Sea west of Big Diomede Island. In the winter of 2008 – 09, whales were distributed in a line extending from the Bering Strait to Cape Navarin, whereas in 2009 – 10, the distribution shifted south of St. Lawrence Island, extending from Cape Navarin to St. Matthew Island. Bowhead whales were most likely to be found in areas with 90% – 100% sea-ice concentration and were generally located far from the ice edge and polynyas. The average date whales left the Bering Sea was 12 April in 2009 and 22 April in 2010. During the spring migration, all whales but one traveled north along the Alaska coast to summering grounds in the Canadian Beaufort. The remaining whale migrated a month later and traveled up the northern coast of Chukotka, where it was located when the tag stopped transmitting in August. It is unlikely that this whale migrated to the Beaufort Sea before returning south to winter within the Bering Sea, indicating the movements of bowhead whales are more complex than generally believed. Declining sea ice in the Bering Sea may result in the expansion of commercial fisheries and shipping; areas where such activities may overlap the winter range of bowhead whales include the Bering and Anadyr straits, the eastern edge of Anadyr Bay, and St. Matthew Island.
PENGARUH PEMBERITAAN KASUS TUDUHAN EKSPLOITASI ANAK TERHADAP CITRA PT DJARUM INDONESIA

Perseteruan antara KPAI (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia) dengan Djarum Foundation mengenai tuduhan eksploitasi anak pada audisi PB Djarum telah memberikan publisitas yang kurang baik kepada PT Djarum. Terlebih, kegiatan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan pada perusahaan rokok sering dipandang hanya sebagai upaya semata untuk menutupi kerugian yang disebabkan oleh produk rokok. Publisitas merupakan salah satu alat untuk membangun citra dari perusahaan. Kegiatan publisitas dapat dikatakan adalah upaya untuk membentuk citra melalui dukungan pihaak ketiga, yaitu media massa. Akan tetapi, pada kasus ini, publisitas yang muncul adalah justru berasal dari berita yang kurang baik mengenai perusahaan. Pada penelitian ini, tim peneliti ingin menggali pengaruh publisitas yang diperoleh dari konflik antara KPAI (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia) dan Djarum Foundation terhadap citra PT Djarum sebagai perusahaan rokok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode surveI. Responden dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa S1 Prodi Ilmu Komunikasi, UPN Veteran Jakarta, angkatan 2017-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberitaan mengenai perseteruan KPAI dengan Djarum justru memberikan pengaruh positif pada citra yang dibangun oleh PT Djarum. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa publisitas yang kurang baik mengenai perusahaan tidak selalu memberikan dampak negatif terhadap citra perusahaan.
Agreement and semantic concord: a spurious unification

This paper argues against the spate of recent proposals aiming to reverse the direction of the formal operation underlying agreement in φ-features. We contend that these proposals are an outgrowth of a reasonable—but ultimately, ill-fated—urge to reduce any and all correspondence between two elements (be it agreement, or semantic concord) to the same underlying operation. In other words, they constitute a spurious unification. We focus here on Bjorkman & Zeijlstra’s (2014) recent “hybrid” proposal—which is, in title, an attempt to argue for the reversal of agreement, but which sanctions both directions of agreement under different sets of circumstances, for the sake of unifying φ-feature agreement with semantic concord. First, we address instances where Bjorkman & Zeijlstra attempt to argue from data that, upon closer inspection, fail to distinguish regular from reverse agreement. These include fully local agreement (in Bantu), whose irrelevance to the debate was already noted in Preminger 2013; and agreement asymmetries between SV and VS word orders. Next, we address long-distance agreement (LDA) in Tsez and in Basque, the two empirical domains put forth in Preminger 2013 as challenges to reverse agreement. Bjorkman & Zeijlstra attempt to reanalyze these two domains within their hybrid system. We present empirical and conceptual arguments against their analysis. We then review further crosslinguistic evidence demonstrating the same basic point: that a reversal in the direction of agreement is empirically unsupported. Finally, we argue that even if it were successful, Bjorkman & Zeijlstra’s proposal would not have achieved what such a unification sets out to achieve: a reduction in the amount of machinery required in the overall theory. Instead, they have to propose several principles which overgenerate and make incorrect predictions.
The RIASS coronathon: Joint X-ray and ultraviolet observations of normal F-K stars

Between 1990 August and 1991 January the ROSAT/IUE All Sky Survey (RIASS) coordinated pointings by the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) with the continuous X-ray/EUV mapping by the Roentgensatellit (ROSAT). The campaign provided an unprecedented multiwavelength view of a wide variety of cosmic sources. We report findings for F-K stars, a large proportion of the RIASS targets. Forty-eight of our 91 'Coronathon' candidates were observed by the IUE during the campaign. For stars missed by the IUE, we supplemented the ROSAT survey fluxes with archival UV spectra and/or follow-on observations.
SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND MICROCOMPOSITION OF PALLADIUM CATHODES AFTER ELECTROLYSIS IN ACIDIFIED LIGHT AND HEAVY WATER: CORRELATION WITH EXCESS HEAT

Experiments were performed using Pt anodes and Pd cathodes. The electrolyte contained H20 and H2SO4 in one cell and D 20 and H2SO4 in a similar cell connected in series. Excess heat, localized melting, and localized concentrations of Au or Ag were observed. It is concluded that nuclear fusion is the most probable explanation for the excess heat. localized melting, and localized concentrations of unexpected elements. Experimental Methods and Results We recently reported on the electrolysis of D 20 acidified with H2SO 4, using a Pd cathode made from a single crystal cold rolled into a foil'. Rimmed craters occurred on the surface of this cathode after electrolysis for 12 minutes. suggesting that localized melting had occurred. We also recently reported on comparative heat measurements during electrolysis from two cells in series. one containing H,0 and H„SO 4 . the other containing D20 and H,SO 4, and both containing cold-rolled. 0.35 mm thick polycrystalline Pd cathodes -. The anodes were Pt foil 0.03 mm thick. A recombination catalyst was used in both. Excess heat was observed from the D„O cell for the first 300 hours of operation. after which excess heat was observed from the light water cell for the final 100 hours of operation. Subsequent to our published report'. we have begun to study the surface topography and composition of the Pd cathodes from both cells. The electrodes were cleaned ultrasonically in deionized water before this study.
Development and characterization of techniques for neuroimaging registration

DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR NEURO-IMAGING REGISTRATION by Carlo Ciulla Three automated techniques were developed for the alignment of Neuro-Images acquired during distinct scanning periods and their performance were characterized. The techniques are based on the assumption that the human brain is a rigid body and will assume different positions during different scanning periods. One technique uses three fiducial markers, while the other two uses eigenvectors of the inertia matrix of the Neuro-Image, to compute the three angles (pitch, yaw and roll) needed to register the test Neuro-Image to the reference Neuro-Image. A rigid body transformation is computed and applied to the test Neuro-Image such that it results aligned to the reference Neuro-Image. These techniques were tested by applying known rigid body transformations to given Neuro-Images. The transformations were retrieved automatically on the basis of unit vectors or eigenvectors. The results show that the precision of two techniques is dependent on the axial resolution of the Neuro-Images and for one of them also on the imaging modality, while the precision of one technique is also dependent on the interpolation. Such methods can be applied to any Neuro-Imaging modality and have been tested for both fMRI and MRI. DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR NEURO-IMAGING REGISTRATION
Effect of pre-treatments on the chemical , functional and storage properties of breadfruit ( Artocarpus altilis ) flour

Breadfruit pieces were subjected to two different pre-treatments, microwave radiation (2450 Hz) for 40 seconds and steeping in sodium acetate buffer solution pH 3 for 30 minutes, during the production of breadfruit flour as means of stabilizing breadfruit flour quality during storage. The two flour samples with untreated sample (control) were subjected to chemical and functional analyses; the three flour samples were packaged in high density polyethylene and stored for 14 weeks with the following analysis carried out fortnightly; sugar content, swelling power, moisture content, water and oil absorption capacities. Pasting analysis was carried out at six week interval. The results indicated that the treatments did not have any significant effect (p≤0.05) on the chemical composition of the flour; the control breadfruit sample contained 6.01% moisture, 5.21% protein, 1.92% fat, 2.67% ash, 5.95% fibre and 4.10% sugar. The treatment had significant effect on the functional properties of breadfruit flour (p≤0.05). The swelling power and water absorption capacity of the control sample, microwave treated sample and sodium acetate buffer pH 3 treated sample were 5.13 g/g and 4.60 ml/g; 5.96 g/g and 4.50 ml/g; 4.84 g/g and 4.20 ml/g respectively. The two treatments especially microwave radiation caused minimal reduction (i.e. had lower percentage reduction) in the swelling power, water absorption capacity and pasting profile of breadfruit flour during storage when compared with control sample; this is desirable in food applications. Treatment with microwave radiation was able to preserve the quality integrity of breadfruit flour during storage better than the treatment with sodium acetate buffer pH 3.
Human capital accumulation and geography: empirical evidence in the European Union

This paper evaluates the role that geography plays in determining the spatial distribution of educational attainment levels among EU regions, based on an extension of the standard two sector (agriculture and manufacturing) Fujita et al. (1999) economic geography model. We provide evidence that, in the EU, educational attainment levels are higher in those regions with greater market access. This finding corroborates the theoretical predictions of the model and proves that remoteness is a penalty for the economic development and convergence of the European Union regions. JEL classification: F12, F14, O10
Exploring cosmic origins with CORE: B-mode component separation

We demonstrate that, for the baseline design of the CORE satellite mission, the polarized foregrounds can be controlled at the level required to allow the detection of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode polarization with the desired accuracy at both reionization and recombination scales, for tensor-to-scalar ratio values of r≳ 5× 10−3. We consider detailed sky simulations based on state-of-the-art CMB observations that consist of CMB polarization with τ=0.055 and tensor-to-scalar values ranging from r=10−2 to 10−3, Galactic synchrotron, and thermal dust polarization with variable spectral indices over the sky, polarized anomalous microwave emission, polarized infrared and radio sources, and gravitational lensing effects. Using both parametric and blind approaches, we perform full component separation and likelihood analysis of the simulations, allowing us to quantify both uncertainties and biases on the reconstructed primordial B-modes. Under the assumption of perfect control of lensing effects, CORE would measure an unbiased estimate of r=(5 ± 0.4)× 10−3 after foreground cleaning. In the presence of both gravitational lensing effects and astrophysical foregrounds, the significance of the detection is lowered, with CORE achieving a 4σ-measurement of r=5× 10−3 after foreground cleaning and 60% delensing. For lower tensor-to-scalar ratios (r=10−3) the overall uncertainty on r is dominated by foreground residuals, not by the 40% residual of lensing cosmic variance. Moreover, the residual contribution of unprocessed polarized point-sources can be the dominant foreground contamination to primordial B-modes at this r level, even on relatively large angular scales, ℓ ∼ 50. Finally, we report two sources of potential bias for the detection of the primordial B-modes by future CMB experiments: (i) the use of incorrect foreground models, e.g. a modelling error of Δβs = 0.02 on the synchrotron spectral indices may result in an excess in the recovered reionization peak corresponding to an effective Δ r > 10−3; (ii) the average of the foreground line-of-sight spectral indices by the combined effects of pixelization and beam convolution, which adds an effective curvature to the foreground spectral energy distribution and may cause spectral degeneracies with the CMB in the frequency range probed by the experiment.