Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Itemset Hiding under Multiple Sensitive Support Thresholds

Itemset mining is the challenging step of association rule mining that aims to extract patterns among items from transactional databases. In the case of applying itemset mining on the shared data of organizations, each party needs to hide its sensitive knowledge before extracting global knowledge for mutual benefit. Ensuring the privacy of the sensitive itemsets is not the only challenge in the itemset hiding process, also the distortion given to the non-sensitive knowledge and data should be kept at minimum. Most of the previous works related to itemset hiding allow database owner to assign unique sensitive threshold for each sensitive itemset however itemsets may have different count and utility. In this paper we propose a new heuristic based hiding algorithm which 1) allows database owner to assign multiple sensitive threshold values for sensitive itemsets, 2) hides all user defined sensitive itemsets, 3) uses heuristics that minimizes loss of information and distortion on the shared database. In order to speed up hiding steps we represent the database as Pseudo Graph and perform scan operations on this data structure rather than the actual database. Performance evaluation of our algorithm Pseudo Graph Based Sanitization (PGBS) is conducted on 4 real databases. Distortion given to the nonsensitive itemsets (information loss), distortion given to the shared data (distance) and execution time in comparison to three similar algorithms is measured. Experimental results show that PGBS is competitive in terms of execution time and distortion and achieves reasonable performance in terms of information loss amongst the other algorithms.
Nonlocal Image Editing

In this paper, we introduce a new image editing tool based on the spectrum of a global filter computed from image affinities. Recently, it has been shown that the global filter derived from a fully connected graph representing the image can be approximated using the Nyström extension. This filter is computed by approximating the leading eigenvectors of the filter. These orthonormal eigenfunctions are highly expressive of the coarse and fine details in the underlying image, where each eigenvector can be interpreted as one scale of a data-dependent multiscale image decomposition. In this filtering scheme, each eigenvalue can boost or suppress the corresponding signal component in each scale. Our analysis shows that the mapping of the eigenvalues by an appropriate polynomial function endows the filter with a number of important capabilities, such as edge-aware sharpening, denoising, tone manipulation, and abstraction, to name a few. Furthermore, the edits can be easily propagated across the image.
Electrically Small MNG ZOR Antenna With Multilayered Conductor

In this letter, an electrically small mu-negative (MNG) zeroth-order resonance (ZOR) antenna with multilayered conductor is presented. To improve the radiation efficiency, the structure of the MNG ZOR antenna is determined to increase radiation resistance by reducing the current cancellation between the conductor strip of the antenna. In particular, the multilayered conductor is employed to enhance the radiation efficiency by reducing ohmic loss. The MNG ZOR antenna using multilayered conductor (kr = 0.182) has a measured 3-dB fractional bandwidth of 0.846% and radiation efficiency of 18.66%.
Interactions between CD 36 and global intestinal alkaline phosphatase in mouse small intestine and effects of high-fat diet

Lynes M, Narisawa S, Millán JL, Widmaier EP. Interactions between CD36 and global intestinal alkaline phosphatase in mouse small intestine and effects of high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 301: R1738–R1747, 2011. First published September 7, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00235. 2011. —The mechanisms of the saturable component of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) transport across the small intestinal epithelium and its regulation by a high-fat diet (HFD) are uncertain. It is hypothesized here that the putative fatty acid translocase/CD36 and intestinal alkaline phosphatases (IAPs) function together to optimize LCFA transport. Phosphorylated CD36 (pCD36) was expressed in mouse enterocytes and dephosphorylated by calf IAP (CIAP). Uptake of fluorescently tagged LCFA into isolated enteroctyes was increased when cells were treated with CIAP; this was blocked with a specific CD36 inhibitor. pCD36 colocalized in enterocytes with the global IAP (gIAP) isozyme and, specifically, coimmunoprecipitated with gIAP, but not the duodenal-specific isozyme (dIAP). Purified recombinant gIAP dephosphorylated immunoprecipitated pCD36, and antiserum to gIAP decreased initial LCFA uptake in enterocytes. Body weight, adiposity, and plasma leptin and triglycerides were significantly increased in HFD mice compared with controls fed a normal-fat diet. HFD significantly increased immunoreactive CD36 and gIAP, but not dIAP, in jejunum, but not duodenum. Uptake of LCFA was increased in a CD36-dependent manner in enterocytes from HFD mice. It is concluded that CD36 exists in its phosphorylated and dephosphorylated states in mouse enterocytes, that pCD36 is a substrate of gIAP, and that dephosphorylation by IAPs results in increased LCFA transport capability. HFD upregulates CD36 and gIAP in parallel and enhances CD36-dependent fatty acid uptake. The interactions between these proteins may be important for efficient fat transport in mouse intestine, but whether the changes in gIAP and CD36 in enterocytes contribute to HFD-induced obesity remains to be determined.
Comparative Analysis of Frameworks for Knowledge-Intensive Intelligent Agents

A recurring requirement for human-level artificial intelligence is the incorporation of vast amounts of knowledge into a software agent that can use the knowledge in an efficient and organized fashion. This article discusses representations and processes for agents and behavior models that integrate large, diverse knowledge stores, are long-lived, and exhibit high degrees of competence and flexibility while interacting with complex environments. There are many different approaches to building such agents, and understanding the important commonalities and differences between approaches is often difficult. We introduce a new approach to comparing frameworks based on the notions of commitment, reconsideration, and a categorization of representations and processes. We review four agent frameworks, concentrating on the major representations and processes each directly supports. By organizing the approaches according to a common nomenclature, the analysis highlights points of similarity and difference and suggests directions for integrating and unifying disparate approaches and for incorporating research results from one framework into alternatives
LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES USING SPOT 5 PANSHARPEN IMAGES; A CASE STUDY IN AKDENIZ DISTRICT, MERSIN-TURKEY

ABSTRACT The main objective of the study is to quantify main changes in urban area of Akdeniz district using Pan sharpen SPOT 5 MS (with 3 bands) satellite images. In this study, land cover and land use maps of 2006 and, 2014 are produced using one of the supervised classification techniques to detect the growth of urban area in the selected area. Preprocessing methods, including geometric and radiometric correction were performed. From to changes method was applied to determine the land cover/land use transformation in the region. An accuracy assessment was conducted using overall accuracy and Kappa statistics. Results show that maps obtained from images for 2006, and 2014 had an overall accuracy of % 82.96, and % 84.00, and a Kappa coefficient of 0.80, and 0.82, respectively. The results showed that between the selected years the district faced a huge transformation from agricultural fields and bare lands to artificial surfaces. Change detection between 2006 and 2014 shows that most of the agricultural fields (6295,1 ha) have been increased; moreover, artificial surfaces and green houses have also increased. The largest decreased has occurred for bare lands area of which approximately 3942,5 ha. According to the results, artificial surfaces was increased by 189 ha from 2006 to 2014 in Akdeniz District, Mersin.
IL-9 Promotes but Is Not Necessary for Systemic Anaphylaxis1

Anaphylaxis represents an extreme form of allergic reaction, consisting of a sensitization phase during which allergen-specific IgE are produced and an acute effector phase triggered by allergen-induced degranulation of mast cells. We studied the role of IL-9, a Th2 cytokine implicated in asthma, in different models of murine anaphylaxis. Using a passive model of systemic anaphylaxis, in which anti-DNP IgE Abs were administered before challenge with DNP-BSA, we found that IL-9-transgenic mice or wild-type mice treated with IL-9 for 5 days were highly sensitive to fatal anaphylaxis. This effect was reproduced in both anaphylaxis-susceptible and -resistant backgrounds (FVB/N or [FVB/N × BALB/c] F1 mice, respectively) and correlated with increased serum concentrations of mouse mast cell protease-1 level, a protein released upon mast cells degranulation. By contrast, IL-9 did not increase the susceptibility to passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. IL-9 expression also increased the susceptibility to fatal anaphylaxis when mice were sensitized by immunization against OVA before challenge with the same Ag. In this model, serum from sensitized, IL-9-transgenic mice was more potent in transferring susceptibility to OVA challenge into naive mice, indicating that IL-9 also promotes the sensitization stage. Finally, using IL-9R-deficient mice, we found that despite its anaphylaxis-promoting activity, IL-9 is dispensable for development of both passive and active anaphylaxis, at least in the C57BL/6 mouse background. Taken together, the data reported in this study indicate that IL-9 promotes systemic anaphylaxis reactions, acting at both the sensitization and effector stages, but is not absolutely required for this process.
Assessing Hierarchical Cooperative CoEvolution

Recently, many research efforts are directed towards co-evolutionary algorithms. The present work aims at the assessment of Hierarchical Cooperative CoEvolution (HCCE) being properly formulated to address hierarchical problems where simple components having separate design objectives, are parts of other more complex ones. HCCE is able to highlight the specialties of each component and additionally enforce their successful integration in a composite structure. Here we present HCCE describing also the internal dynamics that provide its effectiveness in addressing difficult distributed design problems. Additionally, the results described in the present work attest to its validity and superior performance against ordinary Unimodal evolution, and Enforced SubPopulation coevolution.
Influence of Large-Aspect-Ratio Surface Roughness on Electrical Characteristics of AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs

The effect of large-aspect-ratio surface roughness of AlGaN/GaN wafers is investigated. The roughness has a surface morphology consisting of hexagonal peaks with maximum peak-to-valley height of more than 100 nm and lateral peak-to-peak distance between 25 and 100 μm. Two epitaxial wafers grown at the same time on SiC substrates having different surface orientation and with a resulting difference in AlGaN surface roughness are investigated. Almost no difference is seen in the electrical characteristics of the materials, and the electrical uniformity of the rough material is comparable to that of the smoother material. The reliability of heterostructure field-effect transistors from both materials have been tested by stressing devices for up to 100 h without any significant degradation. No critical effect, from the surface roughness, on device fabrication is experienced, with the exception that the roughness will directly interfere with step-height measurements.
Online frequency estimation in power systems: A comparative study of adaptive methods

An experimental investigation of three adaptive algorithms for tracking the fundamental frequency in electric transmission grids is reported. An adaptive Prony's method, an adaptive notch filter and an extended Kaiman filter have been presented in this paper. The design principles and the validity of the models have been sketched. For each method, appropriate models are presented and parameter adjustment guidelines are also proposed. The algorithms were developed in simple digital implementations compliant to real-time applications, therefore with low computational burden. Their performance have been evaluated and compared with the zero-crossing technique which serves as a reference. They have been designed especially for estimating frequency changes like small jumps and when the signal is corrupted with noise and other disturbances due to harmonics. The frequency estimators are compared on the basis of precision, transient response, and degree of noise and harmonics immunity.
In‐channel wood‐related hazards at bridges: A review

In‐channel wood is a key component in fluvial ecosystems; however, transport of in‐channel wood during floods can create hazards in urbanized areas. Among the main problems is wood accumulation at bridges, which reduces flow openings, causes blockage and inundation of nearby areas and, eventually, results in structures collapsing. Increasing awareness of the importance of the ecological role of wood in rivers calls for a compromise between the preservation of river ecosystems and management strategies for the prevention of wood‐related hazards. In recent years, knowledge related to in‐channel wood dynamics and hazards has notably increased, and a significant body of valuable information can be found in an extensive number of studies. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most relevant advances regarding in‐channel wood‐bridge interactions. We review the factors controlling wood accumulation formation and summarize the different approaches used to analyse this process, namely, physical and numerical modelling. Finally, we conclude by highlighting the most important knowledge gaps, addressing particularly underresearched fields and stressing the remaining challenges.
Learning Context-Sensitive Shape Similarity by Graph Transduction

Shape similarity and shape retrieval are very important topics in computer vision. The recent progress in this domain has been mostly driven by designing smart shape descriptors for providing better similarity measure between pairs of shapes. In this paper, we provide a new perspective to this problem by considering the existing shapes as a group, and study their similarity measures to the query shape in a graph structure. Our method is general and can be built on top of any existing shape similarity measure. For a given similarity measure, a new similarity is learned through graph transduction. The new similarity is learned iteratively so that the neighbors of a given shape influence its final similarity to the query. The basic idea here is related to PageRank ranking, which forms a foundation of Google Web search. The presented experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach yields significant improvements over the state-of-art shape matching algorithms. We obtained a retrieval rate of 91.61 percent on the MPEG-7 data set, which is the highest ever reported in the literature. Moreover, the learned similarity by the proposed method also achieves promising improvements on both shape classification and shape clustering.
Effects of Wolbachia on mtDNA variation in two fire ant species

Wolbachia are endosymbiotic bacteria that infect arthropods. As they are maternally transmitted, the spread of Wolbachia variants within host populations may affect host mtDNA evolution. We sequenced a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene from numerous individuals of two Wolbachia‐infected fire ant species, Solenopsis invicta and S. richteri, to determine how these bacteria influence patterns of mtDNA variation. As predicted, there was a strong association between Wolbachia strain and host mtDNA lineage within and between these fire ant species. However, there was no consistent association between the presence of Wolbachia and a reduction in mtDNA diversity. Moreover, patterns of mtDNA variation within Wolbachia‐infected populations did not differ consistently from neutral expectations, despite our prediction that strong positive selection acting on Wolbachia influences the evolutionary dynamics of other cytoplasmic genomes. Specifically, while values of Tajima's D consistently were less than zero for all six samples of fire ants harbouring Wolbachia, MacDonald–Kreitman tests suggested that the patterns of variation were different from those expected under neutrality in only two of the samples. We conclude that these neutrality tests do not unambiguously reveal a clear effect of Wolbachia infection on patterns of mtDNA variation and substitution in fire ants. Finally, consistent with an earlier study, our data revealed the presence of two divergent mtDNA haplotype lineages and Wolbachia strains within S. invicta. Recognition of these two lineages has important consequences for interpreting patterns of mtDNA evolution and genetic differentiation between conspecific social forms of this species.
A Segment-based Protection Scheme for MPLS Network Survivability

This paper proposes a new approach, segment-based path protection, which provides much more enhanced network resource utilization than the local protection scheme and achieves much more fast restoration than the global protection scheme. This segment-based protection scheme consists of two subsequent steps: determination of the optimal restoration scope taking the working path state, bandwidth, and delay constraints into account and calculation of optimal segmented backup path that is link and node disjoint path with the found working path. In addition, we evaluate the performance of the proposed protection scheme under the randomly generated Waxman's network topology
Performance of Fully Grouted Piezometers under Transient Flow Conditions: Field Study and Numerical Results

Piezometers can be installed in clay layers using the fully grouted method. This method is said to reduce installation costs and facilitate installation, especially for nested piezometers. The success of a fully grouted installation depends upon the ratio of grout and surrounding soil hydraulic conductivity and upon the grout physical stability. This article presents new results from field tests and numerical simulations regarding the performance of fully grouted piezometers under transient flow conditions. The field observations show that using low-permeability grout for piezometer installation provides precise pore water pressure (PWP) measurements. This confirms previous findings on the fully grouted installation technique. Field observations for a very high-permeability grout that could be more than 1,100 times more permeable than the soil result in PWPs that totally differ from the PWP obtained with a low-permeability grout. Using three scenarios involving transient flow, the numerical results show that hydraulic conductivity ratios between 0.001 and 10 provide an accurate pore pressure response without a significant time lag for soils with a very low permeability (K ≤ 2 × 10−9 m/s). For most practical applications, a hydraulic conductivity ratio of 100 is the upper limit to obtain acceptable pore pressure measurements for these soils. A large hydraulic conductivity ratio may cause a hydraulic short circuit between the fully grouted piezometer and the upper aquifer. For a borehole diameter of 100 mm, the numerical results demonstrate that grout stiffness has no significant impact on the performance of fully grouted piezometers. However, grout stiffness is important for the long-term performance of the fully grouted piezometer. This article also introduces preliminary results regarding a testing program on grout properties. These results confirm pervious findings by others that the preparation of low-permeability grout is not trivial and that grout initial viscosity controls its physical stability and hydraulic conductivity.
Childhood Lead Poisoning in 2 Families Associated With Spices Used in Food Preparation

Although most cases of childhood lead poisoning are caused by contaminated paint and dust in older homes, a variety of unusual sources of lead exposure are occasionally found. We report here 2 families whose children were poisoned by lead-contaminated spices that were purchased in foreign countries, brought to the United States, and then used in the preparation of the family’s food. Six children (2–17 years old) in a family from the Republic of Georgia were poisoned by swanuri marili (lead content: 100 and 2040 mg/kg in separately sampled products) and kharchos suneli (zafron) lead content: 23 100 mg/kg) purchased from a street vendor in Tbilisi, Georgia. The second family had purchased a mixture of spices called kozhambu (lead content: 310 mg/kg) while traveling in India. Both the parents and their 2-year-old child subsequently suffered lead poisoning. The young children in both families required short-term chelation to bring their blood lead levels down to a safer range. Clinicians should be vigilant for all sources of lead contamination, including spices, when whole families are found to have elevated blood lead levels despite a confirmed lead-safe home environment. Families traveling abroad should be aware of the potential health risks associated with the purchase and use of spices that have not been tested for purity.
Effect of dill tablet (Anethum graveolens L) on antioxidant status and biochemical factors on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage on rat

Background: Liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) has been presented as an experimental model for research in hepatoprotective effects of natural product. A commercial medicine prepared from Anethum graveolens L (dill) is being used as dill tablet (DT) as a hypolipidemic agent. This experiment aimed to investigate the protective effect of DT against hepatic damage. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) as following for a 10 days experiments. (1) Normal animals; (2) normal animals +CCl4 1 ml/kg (1:1 of CCl4in olive oil, by gastric tube); (3) CCl4treated animals +100 mg DT/kg; (4) CCl4treated animals +300 mg DT/kg. After 10 days of treatment, biochemical factors were measured; also antioxidant tests such as thiol group, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and catalase (CAT) activity in the liver samples were carried out. Results: In dill treated animals, a significant decrease in liver enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, γ-glutamyl transferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, as well as triglyceride, total cholesterol (P < 0.05) were observed. Total protein and albumin concentrations were significantly increased in dill treated groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, treatment with dill declined liver cholesterol, triglyceride, MDA, and increased TAC and CAT activity compared with untreated group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dill displayed a potential hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced liver damage based on both biochemical markers and antioxidant status.
Outer Rotor Flux Reversal Machine for Rooftop Wind Generator

In this paper outer rotor flux reversal machine (FRM) topology is proposed for rooftop wind generator application. The prototype design of 3-phase, 2.4 kW, 214 rpm, 50 Hz, 6/14 pole outer rotor FRM is presented. Finite element analysis is carried out to evaluate the self and mutual inductance, regulation and efficiency of the machine. Outer rotor and inner rotor configurations of FRM with same outer dimensions are compared. The results show that outer rotor FRM has 1.25 times higher power density than inner rotor FRM.