Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inter-industry relations and agglomeration economies in Brazil: an approach based on firm creation

This study analyzes the effects of the agglomeration mechanisms proposed by Marshall (1920) on the intensity of the economies of localization and urbanization in the manufacturing industry, based on the creation of companies in Brazilian municipalities between 2011 and 2013. For this purpose, the following two-stage procedure was conducted: 1) estimation of regression models for count data to identify the type of agglomeration economy that contributes to new firm location and 2) use of the coefficients obtained in the first stage to assess the industry characteristics related to Marshall’s agglomeration mechanisms that may contribute to differences in the strength of those economies. Due to the results obtained, localization economies are more intense in the industries that employ workers with specific skills of the sector, and thus, can share a pooling of skilled workers. Similarly, knowledge spillovers act in a way to boost the economies of localization, providing an environment conducive to the transmission of knowledge and new ideas. However, localization economies are less intense in industries that have a greater dependence on manufactured inputs and the primary and energy sectors. Urbanization economies, in turn, are negatively related to labor market pooling and knowledge spillovers. On the other hand, the effects of input sharing and dependence on primary inputs on urbanization economies are positive and statistically significant.
Correlações entre peso e medidas corporais em ovinos jovens da raça Santa Inês

RESUMO: As medidas e pesos corporais foram obtidos de ovinos da raA§a Santa InAas no CNPC - EMBRAPA, Sobral - CearAi, em 1994, e referem-se aos pesos e medidas corporais de 28 machos. As mA©dias observadas e os desvios-padrA£o de peso aos 56, 84 e 112 dias de idade foram: 10,22Â±2,20; 14,00Â±2,69 e 18,00 Â± 3,27 kg, respectivamente. Para as medidas corporais de perA­metro torAicico, comprimento corporal, altura da cernelha e da garupa, encontrou-se os seguintes valores: 48,92Â±4,05, 53,37Â±3,90 e 61,68Â±3,29 cm para perA­metro torAicico; 48,32Â±4,34, 53,48Â±3,82 e 57,98Â±3,46 cm para comprimento corporal; 47,53Â±3,46, 52,22Â± 3,07 e 53,96Â± 2,85 cm para altura da cernelha e 52,61Â±3,82 e 53,94Â±2,81 para altura da garupa aos 84 e 112 dias de idade. As correlaA§Aµes simples encontradas entre peso corporal, perA­metro torAicico, comprimento corporal e altura da cernelha A s diferentes idades foram: 0,87, 0,75 e 0,70 aos 56 dias; 0,90, 0,85, 0,66 aos 84 dias e 0,80, 0,87, 0,79 aos 112 dias e 0,70, 0,72 para altura da garupa aos 84 e 112 dias de idade, respectivamente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: CorrelaA§A£o, Peso, Medidas corporais, Ovinos Abstract: The measures and body weight were obtained sheep of breed Santa InAas in National Center of Research Goat, EMBRAPA, Sobral, State of CearAi, in 1994, and report the weight and body measures from 28 ram lambs. The means observed and the standard desviation at weight of the 56, 84 and 112 days of age were 10. 22Â±2.20; 14. 00Â±2.69 e 18. 00Â±3.27 kg, respectively. At the body measures of thoracic perimeter, body lenght and height withers and of rump find it 48. 92Â±4.05; 53. 37Â±3.90 and 61. 68Â±3.29 cm of thoracic perimeter; 48. 32Â±4.34; 53. 48Â±3.82 and 57. 98Â±3.46 cm of body lenght; 48. 32Â±4.34; 53. 48Â±3.82 and 57. 98Â±3.46 cm of heigth withers and 52. 61Â±3.27; 53. 94Â±2.81 cm of height rump at the 84 and 112 days of age. The correlationship observed between body weight, thoracic perimeter, body lenght, height withers at differents ages were: 0.87, 0.75 and 0.70 at 56 days; 0.90, 0.85 and 0.66 at 84 days and 0.80, 0.87, 0.79 and 0.70, 0.72 at height rump 112 days of age, respectively. KEYWORDS: Correlation, Weight, Body measures, Sheep
Clinical Assessment and Microleakage Evaluation of Three Esthetic Restorative Materials in Class II in Primary Molars

Aim : This study aimed to assess the clinical performance and to evaluate in-vitro microleakage in class II in mandibular second primary molars restored with three esthetic restorative materials. Materials and Methods: In the clinical part of the study, sixty second mandibular molars indicated for class II preparation were divided into three equal groups. Molars were restored with three esthetic restorative materials according to manufacturer instructions as follows: group (1) Compomer (Dyract), group (2) Giomer (Beautifil) and group (3) Carbomer (GCP Glass Fill). Molars were evaluated clinically every 3 months for one year using modified USPHS Criteria. In the in-vitro part of the study thirty second mandibular molars were collected and divided in three equal groups. Molars were restored as in the clinical groups and sealed at root apices. Samples were subjected to thermocycling (500 cycles, 5 ̊C/ 55 ̊C) and immersed in methylene blue dye for 24 hours at 37°C. Specimens were sectioned mesio-distally and evaluated for microleakage by means of dye penetration scoring under stereomicroscope. Data were recorded and analyzed statistically.
Pengaruh Moral Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi terhadap Persepsi atas Tax Evasion dengan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak sebagai Variabel Mediasi

The purpose of this study is to be able to analyze the effect of moral on perception of tax evasion mediated by taxpayer compliance. Calculation of the number of research samples using Slovin formula, the sample in the study was as many as 100 questionnaires distributed directly in Central Semarang Two Primary Tax Office with the permission of the official in charge of the Tax Office. Data analysis uses the WarpPLS 4.0 program with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The Results of previois studies as follows moral has a positive effect on the compliance. Compliance has a negative effect on perception of tax evasion. Moral has a negative effect on perception of tax evasion. Compliance mediates the effect of moral on perception of tax evasion.
Micronutrient status in soybean (Glycine max) - wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system in Kumaon region of Uttaranchal

A study was conducted during 1993-99 to assess the yield response to farmyard manure application and its fate on build up/depletion in soil and uptake of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ]-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori and Paol.) rotation in a long-term field experiments. Yield response curve showed sharp increase in response to farmyard manure application in soybean and succeeding wheat crop. Change in micronutrient showed that zinc levels were below the critical level in NPK treatment (<0.6 ppm) which is alarming in intensive agriculture. Iron content increased in NPK treatment clue to increase in soil acidity. Farmyard manure decreased the Fe and Mn content but increased the Zn content and maintained the Culevel in the soil. Micronutrients content in soybean and wheat were found to be present above the critical limits in all the treatments except Zn in NPK treatment and contents were significantly higher in treatments receiving farmyard manure afier 26 years of cropping.
Content of selected antioxidative compounds in green asparagus depending on processing before freezing and on the period and conditions of storage.

The content of antioxidative compounds was evaluated in frozen green asparagus produced with the traditional technology from the material blanched before freezing or with the modified technology from cooked asparagus. Compared with blanched asparagus, the product cooked before freezing contained more dry matter and polyphenols, similar amounts of beta-carotene, less carotenoids and vitamin C and its antioxidative activity was lower. During a 12-month storage at -20°C and -30°C a steady decrease in the level of the analysed constituents was observed in frozen products prepared for consumption. Compared with the raw material, asparagus prepared for consumption after the 12-month period of refrigerated storage contained 56-62% of vitamin C; 55-71% of polyphenols; 73-81% of beta-carotene; 74-89% of carotenoids while its antioxidative activity was reduced to 65-73%. In products obtained using the modified method the level of the analysed constituents was similar or a little higher than in the traditional products. Frozen products stored at -30°C were usually characterised with a higher content of analysed constituents and a higher level of the antioxidative activity in comparison with frozen asparagus stored at -20°C. Sensory quality of traditional frozen products slightly exceeded that of frozen products obtained using the modified method. The quality of products stored at -30°C was also better than that of products stored at -20°C.
NSLAB in cheddar: A stressful life

erance. Salt tolerance was tested by plating onto MRS agar supplemented with up to 10% NaCl. The bacteria showed 100% colony survival on NaCl levels up to 5%, with markedly reduced survival at 6% or higher. In MRS broth, growth rates declined when NaCl levels were greater than 1% and were decreased by approximately 3.5-fold by 6% NaCl. The ability of the strains to use fats found in cheddar cheese was determined using the tributyrin agar esterase test and from growth on specific lipids in a semi-synthetic culture medium, SSCS (phosphate buffer, pH6.5, tryptone, trace elements, calcium, magnesium, and tween-80). Both strains showed minor esterase activity and significant growth was seen when oleate was present as the carbon source but not with palmitate or stearate. The strains also showed minor protease activity as detected by the azocasein assay following growth on milk plates but not in MRS broth. To assess vitamin requirements, glucose was used in SSCS as the carbohydrate source rather than lactose and free amino acids replaced tryptone, due to the presence of vitamins in commercial lactose and tryptone. Both strains required riboflavin, pantothenate, nicotinic acid, folic acid, and xanthine for growth. When tryptone was the amino acid source, either pyridoxine or pyridoxal was also required. Eight amino acids were required for growth: arginine, leucine, valine, serine, threonine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and tyrosine. Growth was seen on the following carbon sources when tested in SSCS: pyruvate, malate, sucrose, maltose, glucono-δ-lactone, D-gluconate, fructose, glucose, lactose, galactose and mannose, but not on glycerol, fumarate, succinate, raffinose or sorbitol. This profile is consistent with identification of the strains as L. casei. Extent of growth on lactose and glucose was approximately proportional to carbohydrate concentration over the tested range 0.01 to 1.0%. Expression of proteins in response to complete nutrient deprivation was examined using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: eight proteins were expressed more highly under starvation conditions and strain differences were seen in terms of protein profiles and induction patterns. These results showed that a number of factors corresponding to the maturing cheddar environment were stressful to these bacteria, causing reduced growth rates or survival and the induction of new proteins during nutritional stress.
Bulk and Surface Radio-Frequency Response of Ice

The flux and cross section of high energy neutrinos is an active area of research. Due to the expected low flux and cross section, interactions are rare and direct detection is ruled out. Large detector volumes with detection signals that can be observed from far away represent a reasonable and economical way to combat this problem. A currently popular detection strategy is to use a large, dense medium – such as ice – for the detector volume and radio antennas as the detectors. These radio antennas are sensitive to Cherenkov radiation produced via the Askaryan effect when a neutrino interacts in the detector volume. To determine the absolute amplitude of radio frequency (RF) emissions from high energy physics processes observed by Antarctic detectors, the bulk attenuation and surface reflection properties of Antarctic ice must be estimated. Neutrino experiments that intend to use polar ice as the detector volume must consider the depth-dependent attenuation length of the ice. Airborne experiments, such as the balloon-borne ANtarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), additionally need to consider the effects of the ice-air transition for both refracted signals produced by neutrino collisions in ice and reflected signals generated by cosmic ray-induced extensive air showers (EAS). Combining radar depth sounding (RDS) data for the estimation of attenuation length with radar scatterometer measurements for the estimation of surface roughness, we seek to create Antarctica-wide attenuation models. Though models and estimates for attenuation and reflection are motivated by ANITA analysis, the methods and results should have general use for the treatment of radio frequency signals interacting with ice and similar media.
International students engaged in Australian social work study: An exploratory study

With existing literature reflecting a problem-oriented view of international students in highly populated disciplines of study, this small study explored how students achieve and progress throughout their studies, specifically in social work. A small sample of six international students studying a postgraduate qualifying social work program in Australia participated in semi-structured interviews. For all participants, initial challenges improved over time, yet this process varied due to intersecting individual and environmental influences. The social work education setting both aided and hindered engagement due to several factors, including: critical reflection tasks; group participation; field education; institutional policy; and a western-based value system/teaching style. These outcomes highlight the need for consideration of the culturally informed assumptions that influence how social work is taught in contexts where diversity is encouraged. Further research is needed to examine the post-study outcomes for international social work students, to explore how well education prepares them for the field. When conducting research, it is proposed that methods should be selected to capture international student agency when negotiating study over time. This can help to more accurately reflect the variations among international students and inform an Australian social work education setting which values diversity among its students and future practitioners.
The Flora of Agricultural Areas and Their Environs in Çanakkale (Lapseki-Ezine)

This work was carried out in the agricultural areas of Canakkale (Lapseki-Ezine) and environs between 1999 and 2001. The study area is suitable for plant species richness because of its microclimate, soil and intensive agricultural activities. A total taxa of 267 were identified belonging to Pteridophyta (one taxon), Gymnospermae (four taxa) and Angiospermae (262 taxa). Of these, 205 taxa of Angiospermae are in Magnoliopsida and 57 taxa of Liliopsida. The phytogeographical spectrums of taxa are as follows: Mediterranean elements, 61 taxa (22.8%); East-Mediterranean elements, 20 taxa (7.5%); Euro-Siberian elements, 15 taxa (5.6%); and Irano-Turanian elements, five taxa (1.9%). The results show that five taxa are endemics.
THE SPIRITUAL ROLE OF PESANTREN IN SHAPING INDONESIAN CIVILIZED MUSLIMS

As an Islamic educational Institution, Indonesian pesantren play roles in spiritually shaping Indonesian civilized Muslims. Since the beginning of pesantren spiritual teachings were installed pesantren founding fathers. Through such teachings, the students of pesantren can be the agents of Indonesian civilized Muslims who behave tolerantly, peacefully and friendly towards otherness and diversity in Indonesia. However, Pesantren have to develop in terms of their education system and management to deal with the phase of contemporary development of education. Yet, the core of spirituality in nuancing the pesantren education system and management has to be pertained and maintained. This article is to reveal such issues in relation to history and recent problems.
Biosynthesis of the phenolic monoterpenes, thymol and carvacrol, by terpene synthases and cytochrome P450s in oregano and thyme

Thymol and carvacrol are highly bioactive compounds often found in the essential oil of the culinary herbs, oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). These two phenolic monoterpenes have a broad range of biological activities acting as antimicrobial compounds, insecticides, anti-oxidants and pharmaceutical agents. Previous studies of terpene biosynthesis in oregano, thyme and marjoram cultivars demonstrated that thymol and carvacrol are derived from γ-terpinene, which in turn is formed by a multi-product monoterpene synthase. However, the oxidation steps have not been previously described, aside from an older proposal that γ-terpinene is oxidized to thymol via the aromatic, cyclohexanoid monoterpene, p-cymene. As an approach to investigting the oxidation steps in thymol and carvacrol formation, eleven cytochrome P450 genes were isolated from oregano, thyme and marjoram (Origanum majorana) which could be assigned to five P450s, CYP71D178 through CYP71D182. The amino acid sequences of these P450s share high sequence identities with two limonene hydroxylases from mint. In addition, the transcript levels of most of the P450 genes are well-correlated with the occurrence of either thymol or carvacrol in various plant lines. Heterologous expression of CYP71D178-182 in yeast resulted in active enzymes which produced small amounts of thymol and carvacrol, but large amounts of p-cymene. However, p-cymene was not converted farther to thymol and carvacrol, suggesting its formation may be an artifact. To better test the role of these enzymes in planta, CYP71D178 and CYP71D180 genes were introduced into Arabidopsis. Feeding of γ-terpenene to transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing these P450s resulted in the formation of thymol and carvacrol in good yield. These results indicate that thymol and carvacrol biosynthesis from γ-terpinene is catalyzed by cytochrome P450s in a two-step oxidation which might involve an allylic alcohol intermediate.
Epidemiology of injury in elite level female Rugby Union players in England

s: Gabb, N. , Trewartha, G. , Kemp,, S. & Stokes, K. 2014a. Epidemiology of Injuries in a Women's International Rugby Sevens World Cup Squad. British journal of sports medicine, 48, 596-597. Conference Poster Presentations: Gabb, N. , Trewartha, G. , Kemp, S. & Stokes, K. 2013. Epidemiology of match injuries in elite English women’s rugby union – initial findings. Presented at: The 18th congress of the European College of Sport Sciences (ECSS), Barcelona, 2013. Gabb, N. , Trewartha, G. , Kemp, S. & Stokes, K. 2014. Epidemiology of Injuries in a Women's International Rugby Sevens World Cup Squad. Presented at: The International Olympic Committee (IOC) World Conference on Prevention of Injury and Illness in Sport. Monaco, 2014.
Novel concepts in MDM2 protein regulation

11 ABBREVIATIONS . 13 CHAPTER 1 . 19 INTRODUCTION. 19 1.1 ONCOGENES AND TUMOR SUPPRESSORS IN CANCER. 19 1.2 UBIQUITINATION OVERVIEW . 20 1.2. 1 E1 and E2 enzymes. 22 1.2. 2 E3 ligases . 23 1.2. 3 HECT E3 ligases . 23 1.2. 4 RING E3 ligases . 24 1.3 THE PROTEASOME . 25 1.3. 1 Targeting the UPS . 26 1.3. 2 Targeting E3 ligases. 28 1.3. 3 Targeting the proteasome directly. 29 1.4 P53-STRUCTURE/FUNCTION. 30 1.4. 1 The N-terminus of p53. 32 1.4. 2 The Core-Domain of p53. 32 1.4. 3 The C-terminus of p53. 33 1.5 MDM2-STRUCTURE/FUNCTION. 34 1.5. 1 The MDM2 Lid . 36 1.5. 2 The Hydrophobic Pocket of MDM2. 36
Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Thermal soil disinfestation techniques are effective reducers of weed seedbank and weed emergence. Two experiments (Expt 1 and Expt 2) were conducted to test the effect of brief exposure to varying temperatures on the seed germination of Amaranthus retroflexus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Galinsoga quadriradiata, Portulaca oleracea, Setaria viridis and Solanum nigrum. To this end, species seeds were moistened with loamy-sand soil and placed into test tubes. The tubes were heated rapidly and then cooled by dipping them into a hot water bath until target temperatures were achieved. Expt 1 temperatures ranged between 55°C and 85°C at 5°C intervals and Expt 2 ranged between 48°C and 86°C at 2°C intervals. Thereafter, the tubes were dipped into a cooling (1°C) water bath. Exposure to target temperatures ranged between 2 s and 5 s. Soil temperatures were monitored using embedded thermocouples. A log-logistic dose–response model described the effect of heating on seed germinability; temperatures required for 99% reductions were calculated. On the basis of the predictive model equation used, weed species' germination sensitivity to high temperature exposure can be ranked as follows: E. crus-galli (79.6°C), S. viridis (75.8°C), S. nigrum (74.6°C), P. oleracea (72.2°C), A. retroflexus (70.9°C) and G. quadriradiata (68.1°C). The interval between no effects to complete seed devitalisation occurred at temperatures varying from 6.5°C to 15.7°C. Seed size and weight varied directly with heat tolerance. Study results not only inform the timing and optimal adjustment for effective thermal soil treatment, but also demonstrate a relatively simple and generalizable methodology for use in other studies.
Avaliação das atividades antioxidante, antimicrobiana e citotóxica de Couepia grandiflora Benth. (Chrysobalanaceae)

Couepia grandiflora Benth. e conhecida popularmente como fruta-de-ema, pertence a familia Chrysobalanaceae, e ocorre em regioes tropicais e subtropicais. Plantas dessa familia sao utilizadas pelas populacoes, principalmente, para o tratamento da diarreia, disenteria e malaria. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se as atividades citotoxica, antibacteriana, antifungica e antioxidante dos extratos hexânico e etanolico de C. grandiflora. O teste com Artemia salina usado para avaliar a citotoxicidade dos extratos hexânico e etanalico apresentou valores de CL50 de 0,1082 mg/mL e 0,1408 mg/mL, respectivamente. O extrato etanalico de C. grandiflora mostrou atividade antibacteriana contra Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enquanto que o extrato hexânico mostrou atividade somente contra P aeruginosa. Os dois extratos nao mostraram atividade contra Escherichia coli. As Concentracoes Inibitorias Minimas (CIM) do extrato etanolico foram de 188, 125, 188 μL/mL, para Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectivamente. Quanto a avaliacao da atividade antioxidante, os extratos hexânico e etanolico mostraram-se ativos com valores de CE50= 3,1 e 5,6 μg/mL, respectivamente, quando comparados com os padroes. Na avaliacao da atividade antifungica, os extratos etanalico e hexânico de C. grandiflora nao apresentaram tal atividade. Conclui-se que os extratos etanolico e hexânico de C. grandiflora demostraram atividades antibacteriana, antioxidante e citotoxicidade frente a Artemia salina e ausencia de atividade antifungica.