Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation of a leadership development program to enhance university staff and student resilience

University life presents challenges that can negatively affect the health and wellbeing of students and staff. Resilience is critical to managing challenges and thus is increasingly viewed as important for university students, graduates and employees. To date research on resilience has tended to adopt a view of resilience as an individual issue with little consideration of the socio-cultural factors that influence an individual’s resilience. To address this gap a leadership program to enhance both staff resilience and their capacity to lead resilience enhancements for students from an ecological perspective was developed. The program, piloted in three universities across Australia, assisted staff in understanding the nature and importance of resilience, the contextual factors that impact on resilience and the leadership practices that help drive change in the higher education context. Both academic staff and professional staff involved in leading co-curricula student experiences participated in the two-day leadership program. This study, part of a broader program evaluation, adopted a mixed methods approach to investigate university staffs’ levels of distress, resilience, and leadership practices. Pre- and post-intervention survey data indicated the program was positively received and most participants felt confident to lead curricula and co-curricula changes to enhance resilience within their work context. Implications for university educators, researchers and leaders are discussed .
Radioprotective effect of grape seed extract against gamma irradiation in mouse bone marrow cells

Introduction: Ionizing radiations produce free radicals which are often responsible for DNA damage or cell death. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a natural compound having an antioxidant that protects DNA, lipids, and proteins from free radical damages. In this study, radioprotective effect of the GSE has been investigated in mouse bone marrow cells using micronucleus test. Materials and Methods: Four groups of mice were investigated in this study: Mice in Group 1 were subjected to injection of distilled water with no irradiation. Mice in Group 2 were exposed to 3 Gy gamma radiation after the injection of distillated water. Mice in Group 3 were injected with 200 mg/kg of the GSE without any irradiation. In another group, mice were exposed to three gray gamma irradiation after the injection of GSE. Animals were killed, and slides were prepared from the bone marrow cells 24 h after irradiation. The slides were stained with May Grunwald–Giemsa method and analyzed microscopically. The frequency of the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs), micronucleated normochromatic erythrocyte (MnNCEs), and polychromatic erythrocyte/polychromatic erythrocyte + normochromatic erythrocyte (PCE/PCE + NCE) ratios was calculated. Results: Injection of GSE significantly decreased the frequency of MnPCEs (P < 0.0001) and MnNCEs (P < 0.05) and increased the ratio of PCE/PCE + NCE (P < 0.0001) compared to the irradiated control group. Discussion and Conclusions: GSE could reduce clastogenic and cytotoxic effects of gamma irradiation in mice bone marrow cells; therefore, it can be concluded that the GSE is a herbal compound with radioprotective effects against gamma irradiation. Free radical scavenging and the antioxidant effects of the GSE probably are responsible mechanisms for the GSE radioprotective effects.
Reflection on practice by nursing students during early clinical experiences

Education for professional practice is a complex process. In recent years, increasing attention has focused on the importance of reflection as a significant component of preparation for practice. However, empirical evidence shedding light on the process of learning to reflect on practice is comparatively sparse. Practice-based attempts to systematically describe essential aspects of the process as it occurs in nursing students during early experiences with clients have been virtually nonexistent. This exploratory study was undertaken to investigate reflection on practice by first year nursing students during early patient care experiences. Reflection, for purposes of the study, was considered a multi-step process consisting of three phases: awareness, critical analysis, and synthesis (emergence of changed perspectives). Constructivism, a theoretical position which focuses attention on the creation or construction of knowledge by the learner, provided the theoretical framework for the research. Particular attention was directed to describing aspects of the situation on which student reflections focused, how the reflection process changed over time, and ways of facilitating related learning. Twenty-five students enrolled in the first year of a college-based nursing program, located in the downtown core of a large metropolitan area, volunteered to participate in this research. Data were collected during clinical conferences, focus groups, and individual interviews as participants reflected on practice in the course of a ten week block of early experiences with adult clients in acute care settings. Reflection was found to be a frequently occurring, fundamentally important activity among this group of participants. Principal foci of reflections were care-giving activities at the bedside, and the process of learning a professional role. Basic changes were noted in two major aspects of the reflecting process: participant input, and patterns of interaction during group sessions. Factors which were found to facilitate or impede reflection exerted their influence either directly by impacting reflecting activities while conferences, focus groups, and interviews were in progress, or indirectly by effecting the quality and quantity of practice-related information brought by participants to these sessions. Findings underlined the potential significance of a number of factors in enhancing participant reflecting skills: growing ability to attend to, attach meaning to, interpret, and verbally describe essential aspects of patient care situations; ongoing opportunities to reflect and receive pertinent feedback; increased understanding of clinical expectations; and concurrent attendance at classes presenting relevant theoretical material. Questions about whether these factors are, in fact responsible for the changes noted, the extent of their relative importance, and the possible presence of other significant influences in these situations suggest fertile territory for further research.
A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY ON DISEASE KNOWLEDGE AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE PATTERN AMONG ASTHMATIC PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN A TIRUPUR POPULATION

Objectives: To study the disease knowledge and drug adherence among asthmatic patients in tertiary care hospital in a rural population. Methods: A total of 99 patients with bronchial asthma study conducted in tertiary care hospital in rural population face to face interaction with patients follow-up have done for 4 months. This clinical study was administered with standard questionnaires evaluating the patient knowledge and medication adherence (MA) Morisky8-items MA scale toward asthma and treatment. Results: A total of 99 patients were evaluated for this clinical study. 43.5% of the patients were male and 56.4% were female. The percentage of the mean score of knowledge and MA are 17% and 18%, with their standard deviation of 1.51 and 1.64, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the patient’s specific knowledge regarding asthma was low. However, few patient’s had favorable attitude toward their disease, but other did not have the necessary knowledge of disease management. In addition, the drug adherence was also poor in occupation induced asthmatics patients.
Self-employment, financial knowledge, and retirement planning

ABSTRACT The level of self-employed individuals’ financial knowledge holds implications with respect to financial stability, economic welfare, and growth of young enterprises. This study found that self-employed individuals did not differ significantly from employed workers in terms of their financial knowledge. Self-employed workers were less likely than employed workers to be engaged in financial practices that improved their long-term financial health. However, there was no difference in the level of confidence in future retirement prospects between self-employed individuals and their employed counterparts. With the ongoing erosion of social protection systems, this research provides a basis for addressing the issue of relatively poor retirement planning among self-employed workers.
Maternal Awareness and Attitude about Neonatal Screening Program in the Eastern Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background: despite the worldwide recognition of the importance of pre-screening education of parents, the current body of evidence suggests that parents often receive little information about neonatal screening (NS) and may even be unaware about the screening of their baby. Aim of the work: this study aimed to assess the attitudes and knowledge of the Saudi women towards the NS program and their psychological impact. Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study on mothers in the Eastern Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A modified version of the Maternal Attitudes and Knowledge about Newborn Screening Survey was used to assess the attitudes and knowledge of the women towards the NS program. Results: we retrieved 388 surveys. Twenty-five percent of the women acquired their knowledge about NS programs from the internet. Eighty-two percent of the women had healthy children and 42% of them think that the best time to know about NS programs is at the time of screening itself. Our analysis showed a significant association between the educational level and knowledge about the best time to learn about neonatal screening (p=0.0001). Almost half of the women who had one child stated that the screening should take place 2-3 months before the baby is born (p=0.018). The child health status was also associated with the knowledge that if the baby’s newborn test is abnormal I might have something wrong with my DNA (p=0.015). It was also associated with knowing that NS will test for common diseases that run in families like diabetes, asthma and heart disease (p=0.02). Conclusion: Saudi women had a positive attitude, but with little knowledge towards the NS program. Further studies are needed to assess the predictors of different levels of knowledge.
Substance misuse assessment in mental health services: the importance of professional curiosity

Co-morbidity of mental health and substance misuse problems (or "Dual Diagnosis") is highly prevalent in mental health and drug treatment services. The parallel approach, where the two conditions are treated at the same time in separate services, is the current accepted response to Dual Diagnosis. Joint working and continuity of care cannot be achieved without a consistent quality drug and alcohol assessment in mental health services. This editorial argues that that professional curiosity plays an important role in substance misuse assessment, especially when is carried out outside specialist drug and alcohol services.
Size Only Matters If You Have Vision: An Exploration of an Urban e-Learning Cluster

Historically, primary and secondary distance education in New Zealand was focused on providing opportunities for rural students. With the advent of Tomorrow’s Schools, the need for rural schools to compete with urban schools in terms of their curricular offerings were one of the reasons for the creation of e-learning clusters that would eventually become the Virtual Learning Network (VLN). After 25 years of practice, there is a growing body of research into these rural e-learning clusters. However, in 2011 the HarbourNet cluster bucked that trend, and became the first active urban-based VLN program. This study begins to address this research gap by exploring the challenges HarbourNet was able to overcome in order to become a successful member of the VLN.
Simulating a Mesoscale Convective System Using WRF With a New Spectral Bin Microphysics: 1: Hail vs Graupel

A modified Fast Spectral Bin Microphysics scheme (FSBM‐2) embedded into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate a mesoscale deep convective system observed during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E). FSBM‐2 uses modified source codes as compared to the current FSBM (FSBM‐1). In contrast to FSBM‐1, FSBM‐2 can simulate hail of several centimeters in diameter and includes additional processes such as spontaneous breakup of raindrops and aerosol regeneration by drop evaporation. It is shown that allowing large hail particles of diameters exceeding about 1 cm substantially increases the agreement between the simulated and observed squall‐line structures in both the convective and stratiform regions. In contrast, if graupel particles are used to represent high‐density hydrometeors in convective areas, the ratio of convective‐to‐stratiform areas diverges from the ratio seen in observations and maximum radar reflectivities are substantially underestimated. Analysis of snow size distributions in the stratiform area shows an important link between the ice crystals formed by homogeneous freezing in the convective area to ice particle number concentration in the stratiform region. Simulated raindrop size distributions in the stratiform area below the melting level from FSBM‐2 show a good agreement with observations. The regeneration of cloud condensational nuclei (CCN) by droplet evaporation and detrainment of these CCN to the stratiform region increases the concentration of CCN there up to 8‐ to 9‐km altitude; the additional CCN penetrate clouds and produce new droplets, leading to some convection intensification.
The European Parliament’s oversight powers in economic governance: proper scrutiny or a play to the gallery?

ABSTRACT The European Parliament (EP) was instrumental in acquiring new oversight powers in EU legislation addressing the European debt crisis, such as the economic dialogue. We know little about how Members of the EP (MEPs) use these powers in practice. In this paper, I systematically analyse the practical application of the economic dialogue by focusing on the factors that drive MEPs’ engagement and diligence in the dialogue. Using original data on MEPs’ activity and type of questions asked, I focus on the economic dialogue with EU governments between 2012 and 2016. I show that MEPs are most active when their own government is under scrutiny and MEPs hold key institutional roles. Parliamentary questions are, however, often patchy and unfocused. Only few MEPs ask questions that go to the heart of the economic situation facing the country under scrutiny.
Modelling the procurement process and production disruption of a multilayer cruise supply chain

ABSTRACT The cruise service supply chain is integrated with cruise lines and cruise ship service suppliers to provide the seamless transition and to enhance the best possible customer experiences. Due to the short resupply window for the cruise ship and possible conflicts of self-interests with suppliers, it is crucial for cruise lines to establish the long-term reliable relationships with service providers. However, disruptions caused by weather issues or inaccurate estimations of onboard consumption are rather common. We study a cruise supply chain with customized contingent plans to investigate how effective incentive mechanisms work to create a win-win situation. Game theory is applied to model a cruise supply chain with the consideration of possible adverse selection and moral hazard. Customized incentive mechanisms are further developed for various suppliers with unique industry features. Results show that initial order quantity of onboard supplies only depends on the reliability of high-flexible suppliers and onboard consumption patterns. If the natural disasters affect the reliability of highly flexible suppliers, the cruise line could increase the wholesale price to create a competitive local market. Seasonal contracts are highly recommended to cruise lines with the consideration of various supply categories.
Dynamic changes in PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions in cases with Hodgkin Lymphoma

Objective: The aim of this study is to detect the PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions before and after treatment in primary refractory (PR HL) and relapsed/refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma (RR HL). PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions were evaluated in 17 cases with RR HL by immunohistochemistry. Method: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions. Tumor cells and peritumoral microenvironment were evaluated separately. More than 5% expression in microenvironment and/or Reed Sternberg accepted as positive. Results: PD-1 expression in in microenvironment and RS cells in 4 and 8 cases and 0 and 4 cases in first diagnosis and after treatment, respectively. PD-L1 expression in diagnosis was detected in 3 cases in microenvironment and in 9 cases after treatment. PD-L1 expression at the first diagnosis in RS cells was detected in 2 cases and after treatment in 5 cases. Conclusion: PD-1 and/or PD-L1 expressions after treatment are seen in the majority of cases. Changes in PD-1/PD-L1 expression is frequent in cases with PR and RR HL, and the detection of PD-1/PD-L1 expression in samples taken during RR disease may be important for immunotherapy. Correspondence to: Semra Paydas, Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Oncology Adana/Turkey, E-mail: sepay@cu.edu. tr
PREVALENCE OF NONALCOHOLIC - FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN METABOLIC SYNDROME - A HOSPITAL-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: 21st century is dedicated to noncommunicable diseases; it may be diabetes, hypertension, obesity, or constellation of all known as metabolic syndrome. The main objective of this paper is to assess the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NFLDS) in metabolic syndrome and its impact on the severity of metabolic syndrome in term of dyslipidemia, mean systolic pressure and body mass index (BMI). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients selected randomly during the period of January 2017-March 2017 from the outdoor patient department of Kayachikitsa of All India Institute of Ayurveda. Patient included on the basis of a screening pro forma based on the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome on the basis of Third Adult Treatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria and 50 controls were included in the study. Pro forma also included general information regarding previous illness, socioeconomical status, BMI, evaluation of vital parameters, and lipid and thyroid profile, along with other routine laboratory parameters. Ultrasonography report is taken as the evidence for the diagnosis of fatty liver disease. Results: Frequency distributions and Chi-square statistics were used for categorical variables. Logistic regression analyses Students’ t-test, Chi-square test, linear regression, and multiple logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. p<0.05 was considered significant. BMI, waist circumference, mean systolic pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were significantly higher, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, was significantly low in the study group compared to the control group. In the metabolic syndrome group, 67 patients (67%) had fatty liver Grade I, 34 had Grade II fatty liver (34%), 6 patients were having hepatomegaly with coarse echotexture (6%) and 4 patients were having cholelithiasis. NFLDS was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome group (p<0.0001). There was a significant linear association between fatty infiltration in liver and BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol in the metabolic syndrome group in the linear regression model. Multiple logistic regression analysis recognized the association between fatty liver disease and BMI with dyslipidemia (p<0.001) in the metabolic syndrome group. Conclusion: It is concluded from this study that there is a significant association between NFLDS and metabolic syndrome, and it highlights the importance of evaluating liver profile in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Family planning as an investment in development and female human capital: evaluating the long term consequences in Matlab Bangladesh.

The paper analyzes 141 villages in Matlab Bangladesh from 1974 to 1996 in which half the villages received from 1977 to 1996 an outreach family planning and maternal-child health program. Village and individual data confirm a decline in fertility of about 15 percent in the program villages compared with the control villages as others have noted. The consequences of the program on a series of long run family welfare outcomes are then estimated in addition to fertility : womens health involvement in production other than childcare household assets participation in group activities outside of the family use of preventive health inputs and finally the inter-generational effects on the health and schooling of the womans children. Many of these indicators of the womens welfare and that of their children improve significantly in conjunction with the program-induced decline in fertility suggesting substantial social returns to this reproductive health program in rural South Asia. (authors)
Magnetic resonance imaging changes in Fabry disease

Recognized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the brains of patients with Fabry disease include the consequences of infarction and haemorrhage, non‐specific white and grey matter lesions, vascular anomalies, in particular dolicho‐ectasia, and a characteristic appearance of the posterior thalamus. A preliminary analysis of MRI findings in patients registered in FOS, the Fabry Outcome Survey, indicates that most patients had abnormal scans (25/47). The commonest abnormality, in males and females, was the presence of cerebral white matter lesions, the number of which increased with patient age.
The comparative accuracy of rapid diagnostic test with microscopy to diagnose malaria in subdistrict lima puluh batubara regency North Sumatera province

Indonesia is the country where malaria is still the most common population problem. The high rate of mortality and morbidity occurred due to delays in diagnosis whichis strongly influenced by the availability of diagnostic tools and personnel with required laboratory skill. This diagnostic study aims to compare the accuracy of a Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) without skill requirement, to agold standard microscopic method for malaria diagnosis. The study was conducted in Subdistrict Lima Puluh North Sumatera Province from December 2015 to January 2016. The subject was taken cross-sectionally from a population with characteristics typically found in malaria patients in Subdistrict Lima Puluh. The result showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 72.4% with a positive predictive value of 89.9% and a negative predictive value of 100%; the negative likelihood ratio is 0 and the positive likelihood ratio of 27.6 for Parascreen. This research indicates that Parascreen had a high sensitivity and specificity and may be consideredas an alternative for the diagnosis of malaria in Subdistrict Lima Puluh North Sumatera Province especially in areas where no skilled microscopist is available.