Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE INVASION BY MICONIA CALVESCENS AND REASONS FOR A SPECTACULAR SUCCESS ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE DE L'INVASION PAR MICONIA CALVESCENS ET RAISONS D'UN SUCCÈS SPECTACULAIRE

Miconia calvescens is a small tree native to rainforests of tropical America where it is uncommon. First described around 1850, it was introduced to European tropical greenhouses then distributed to tropical botanical gardens all over the world because of its horticultural success. M.c. was introduced as an ornamental plant in the Society Islands and the Hawaiian Islands and in 25-35 years became a dominant invasive plant in both archipelagoes. Small populations were recently discovered in the Marquesas Islands (Nuku Hiva and Fatu Iva) in 1997. M.c. is also naturalized in private gardens of New Caledonia and Grenada (West Indies), in tropical forests of Sri Lanka, and in the Queensland region in Australia. The survey of the epidemiology of invasion in Tahiti shows that M.c. ’s extension was slow but continuous since its introduction in 1937. Hurricanes of 1982-83 played more a role of “revealer” rather than of “detonator” of the invasion. The lag phase observed between the introduction date and the observation of dense populations may be explained by the generation time of M.c. Several hypothesis may explain the spectacular success of M.c. : (1) the characteristics of the invaded area; (2) the plant’s bio-ecological characteristics; (3) the “facilitation phenomenon“ and the “opportunities“. M.c. provides an interesting study-case for understanding of biological invasions in islands, and a catastrophic example of an alien invasive species that threatens the biodiversity of islands.
14C Dating Mortar in Ireland

I have developed a method of dating early medieval Irish buildings using charcoal encased in mortar. Due to the inclement weather over centuries, timbers do not preserve well in these structures, leaving little suitable material for 14C dating. Initially, several buildings of known age were analyzed to verify the mortar charcoal technique. Then, a series of buildings for which no definite architectural-historical dates existed, e.g., churches, houses, oratories and round towers, was successfully tested. I discuss here the results of this dating approach, and provide architectural historians with a firmer understanding of the origin and antiquity of early Irish buildings.
Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis Identi�es TBC1D10C as A New Prognostic Biomarker for Breast Cancer

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer (BRCA) patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can downregulate the immune response to cancer therapy. Our study aimed to �nd a TME-related biomarker to identify patients who might respond to immunotherapy. Method: We downloaded raw data from several databases including TCGA and MDACC to identify TME hub genes associated with overall survival (OS) and the progression-free interval (PFI) by WGCNA. Correlations between hub genes and either tumor-in�ltrating immune cells or immune checkpoints were conducted by ssGSEA. Result: TME-related green and black modules were selected by WGCNA to further screen hub genes. Random forest, univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were applied to screen hub genes (MYO1G, TBC1D10C, SELPLG, and LRRC15) and construct a nomogram to predict survival of BRCA patients. The C-index for the nomogram was 0.713. A DCA of the predictive model revealed that the net bene�t of nomogram was signi�cantly higher than others and the calibration curve demonstrated a good performance by the nomogram. Only TBC1D10C was correlated with both OS and the PFI (both p-values<0.05). TBC1D10C also had a high positive association with tumor-in�ltrating immune cells and common immune checkpoints (PD-1, CTLA-4, and TIGIT). Conclusion: We constructed a TME-related gene signature model to predict the survival probability of BRCA patients. We also identi�ed a hub gene, TBC1D10C, which was correlated with both OS and the PFI and had a high positive association with tumor-in�ltrating immune cells and common immune checkpoints. TBC1D10C may be a new biomarker to select patients who may bene�t from immunotherapy. estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor; human epithelial growth factor receptor 2. IQR, interquartile range. TMB, tumor mutational burden. n,
Evidence from detrital hornblende 40 Ar/ 39 Ar and zircon U-Pb ages for the sources of glacial deposits in the Prydz Bay region

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Rt. 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA (sidney@ldeo.columbia.edu) (steveg@ldeo.columbia.edu) (tina@ldeo.columbia.edu) Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA (brachfelds@mail.montclair.edu) Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Gould-Simpson building, 1040 E 4 St., Tucson, AZ 85721 USA (ggehrels@email.arizona.edu)
Does trust influence consumer behaviour? Beeinflusst Vertrauen das Verbraucherverhalten?

Against the background of diverse food scandals this article investigates the role of trust as a determinant of consumer behaviour in Germany. As empirical analyses indicate, the impact of trust on consumer behaviour in a quotidian and presumably safe setting is to be neglected. In the environment of a food scandal, however, trust proves to be a crucial element with regard to a more in-depth understanding of consumer behaviour under uncertainty. Moreover, it is analysed whether different values of trust allow for deriving coherent population segments and whether these can likewise be identified on the basis of consumers’ socio-economic features.
Acta Polytechnica

This article investigates the effect of the filling ratio of the indirect rotary dryers on their operating characteristics. For moist biomass drying before combustion, the use of indirect drum dryers heated by a low pressure steam has proven to be highly suitable. Regarding the design of new dryers, it is necessary to experimentally verify the operating characteristics for specific materials and drying conditions. For this purpose, a set of experiments on a steam heated rotary drum dryer were carried out with green wood chips containing 60 to 66 wt% of moisture. The following operational characteristics of the dryer were experimentally determined: drying curves describing the process, square and volumetric evaporation capacities and drying heat consumptions. Based on the experimental results, the effect of various drum filling by dried material on the mentioned operating characteristics was analysed. On the one hand, higher drum filling ratio increases the drying time, on the other hand, the evaporation capacity also increases, while the specific energy consumption does not significantly alter. The maximum value of the evaporation capacity was reached when the drum was filled to 20 wt%. When the filling ratio was increased to 25 wt%, the evaporation capacity experienced almost no change.
What We Can Learn from Small Units of Analysis

This article provides motivation for examining small geographic units of analysis based on a causal logic framework. Local, spatial, and contextual effects are confounded when using larger units of analysis, as well as treatment effect heterogeneity. I relate these types of confounds to all types of aggregation problems, including temporal aggregation, and aggregation of dependent or explanatory variables. Unlike prior literature critiquing the use of aggregate level data, examples are provided where aggregation is unlikely to hinder the goals of the particular research design, and how heterogeneity of measures in smaller units of analysis is not a sufficient motivation to examine small geographic units. Examples of these confounds are presented using simulation with a dataset of crime at micro place street units (i.e. street segments and intersections) in Washington, D.C.
Acta Polytechnica

Unfired earth is a traditional building material, but it is less used than other building materials, such as concrete or steel. But the use of unfired earth is experiencing a renaissance. Rammed earth is a type of unfired earth and is usually used for load bearing structures. This paper describes an experimental determination of the tensile bending strength and compressive strength of the rammed earth specimens with known compositions. Mechanical properties are dependent on these compositions (kind of clay, amount of clay, amount of mixture water). Laboratory specimens were produced without inorganic binders or fibrous admixtures. We observed higher tensile bending strengths and lower compressive strengths in specimen mixtures containing more clay. The obtained results were evaluated in a context of a previous research. The results were also compared with results published by another author.
Acta Polytechnica

Exceptional points (EPs) determine the dynamics of open quantum systems and cause also PT symmetry breaking in PT symmetric systems. From a mathematical point of view, this is caused by the fact that the phases of the wavefunctions (eigenfunctions of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian) relative to one another are not rigid when an EP is approached. The system is therefore able to align with the environment to which it is coupled and, consequently, rigorous changes of the system properties may occur. We compare analytically as well as numerically the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a 2× 2 matrix that is characteristic either of open quantum systems at high level density or of PT symmetric optical lattices. In both cases, the results show clearly the influence of the environment on the system in the neighborhood of EPs. Although the systems are very different from one another, the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions indicate the same characteristic features.
Eutrophication and water quality in a tropical Brazilian estuary

ABSTRACT Nascimento-Filho, G.A. ; Montes, M. de J.F. ; Gaspar, F.L. ; Paulo, J.G. ; Feitosa, F.A. Eutrophication and water quality in a tropical estuary. The use of indexes and trophic state models are gaining importance in evaluating the degree of anthropogenic influence on estuarine eutrophication and the impact on coastal and adjacent areas. A TRIX index and an ASSETS model were used to evaluate the level of eutrophication in the estuary of Suape Industrial Port Complex. The values for the TRIX trophic state multivariate index revealed the increase towards the upper estuary, going from 2.26 at high tide at station 1 (low estuary), demonstrating a medium trophic state and good water quality, to 6.43 at low tide at station 3 (upper estuary), showing an elevated trophic state and poor water quality, where continental drainage is accelerating the eutrophication process in the environment. In the evaluation generated by the ASSETS eutrophication model, the estuary eutrophication level was considered to be moderate, with Overall Human Influence considered Low, General Eutrophication Conditions also considered Low. Finally, the Determination of Future Outlook showed an unchanged expression and perspectives for slow degradation. The comparison between the index and model showed some similarities, in general, TRIX quantified the Massangana river estuary at a level medium of eutrophication and ASSETS qualified it as moderate.
Acta Polytechnica

In this paper, we determine a recursion operator for the Kummer-Schwarz equation, which leads to a sequence with unacceptable singularity properties. A different sequence is devised based upon the relationship between the Kummer-Schwarz equation and the first-order Riccati equation for which a particular generator has been found to give interesting and excellent properties. We examine the elements of this sequence in terms of the usual properties to be investigated – symmetries, singularity properties, integrability, alternate sequence – and provide an explanation of the curious relationship between the results of the singularity analysis and a consideration of the solution of each element obtained by quadratures.
Microbiological and Geochemical Characterization of Microbial Fe(III) Reduction in Salt Marsh Sediments

Population densities of anaerobic Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FeRB) and aerobic heterotrophs were inversely correlated in the surficial (0-2 cm) layers of Sapelo Island, Georgia, salt marsh sediments. In surficial sediments where densities of aerobic heterotrophs were low, the density of culturable FeRB correlated positively with the concentration of amorphous Fe(III) oxyhydroxides extractable by ascorbate. High FeRB densities and a decrease with depth of ascorbate-extractable Fe(III) were observed in the upper 6 cm of a tidal creek core. Culturable sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and SRB-targeted rRNA signals were also detected in the upper 6-cm depth. The disappearance of FeRB below 6 cm, however, coincided with a large increase in the abundance of SRB. Thus, when FeRB are not limited by the availability of readily reducible amorphous Fe(III) oxyhydroxides, FeRB may outcompete SRB for growth substrates. Shewanella putrefaciens- and Geobacteraceae-targeted rRNA signals were at or below detection limits in all sediment samples, indicating that these FeRB are not predominant members of the active FeRB populations. The ubiquitous presence of FeRB at the sites studied challenges the traditional view that dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction is not an important pathway of organic carbon oxidation in salt marsh sediments.
Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College

We propose a hypothesis only baseline for diagnosing Natural Language Inference (NLI). Especially when an NLI dataset assumes inference is occurring based purely on the relationship between a context and a hypothesis, it follows that assessing entailment relations while ignoring the provided context is a degenerate solution. Yet, through experiments on ten distinct NLI datasets, we ﬁnd that this approach, which we refer to as a hypothesis-only model, is able to signiﬁcantly outperform a majority-class baseline across a number of NLI datasets. Our analysis suggests that statistical irregularities may allow a model to perform NLI in some datasets beyond what should be achievable without access to the context.
A joint atmosphere‐ocean inversion for surface fluxes of carbon dioxide: 1. Methods and global‐scale fluxes

We have constructed an inverse estimate of surface fluxes of carbon dioxide using both atmospheric and oceanic observational constraints. This global estimate is spatially resolved into 11 land regions and 11 ocean regions, and is calculated as a temporal mean for the period 1992–1996. The method interprets in situ observations of carbon dioxide concentration in the ocean and atmosphere with transport estimates from global circulation models. Uncertainty in the modeled circulation is explicitly considered in this inversion by using a suite of 16 atmospheric and 10 oceanic transport simulations. The inversion analysis, coupled with estimates of river carbon delivery, indicates that the open ocean had a net carbon uptake from the atmosphere during the period 1992–96 of 1.7 PgC yr−1, consisting of an uptake of 2.1 PgC yr−1 of anthropogenic carbon and a natural outgassing of about 0.5 PgC yr−1 of carbon fixed on land and transported through rivers to the open ocean. The formal uncertainty on this oceanic uptake, despite a comprehensive effort to quantify sources of error due to modeling biases, uncertain riverine carbon load, and biogeochemical assumptions, is driven down to 0.2 PgC yr−1 by the large number and relatively even spatial distribution of oceanic observations used. Other sources of error, for which quantifiable estimates are not currently available, such as unresolved transport and large region inversion bias, may increase this uncertainty.
Petrogenesis of the Flood Basalts Forming the Northern Kerguelen Archipelago: Implications for the Kerguelen Plume

The thick, >20 km, crust of the Kerguelen Archipelago formed as the tectonic setting of the Kerguelen Plume changed from an oceanic ridge-centered location at 43 Ma to its present location beneath the Antarctic plate. The uppermost crust is dominantly flood basalt with a thickness of up to 10 km. Inverse isochron 40Ar/39Ar ages for upper and lower lavas in a 630 m section of basalt flows from Mont Bureau are 30.4 and 29.0 Ma; Re-Os isotopic systematics are consistent with this age. Most of the lavas in two stratigraphic sections (Mont Bureau and Mont Rabouillere) from the northern part of the archipelago have Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic characteristics similar to the youngest (Upper Miocene to Pleistocene) lavas erupted in the southeast part of the archipelago, i.e. initial 87Sr/86Sr >0.7050, 143Nd/144Nd 10%) MgO alkalic lavas in the Southeast Province of the archipelago, in these northern sections it is confined to transitional lavas with
A Review of Earth to Air Heat Exchangers in Region Warms Since 2000: Influence of Earth's Temperature

The cooling demand of buildings worldwide is intensive, in addition to the fact that it has become one of the factors with the greatest incidence in the global climate emergency, in principle due to the processes of conversion and generation of energy and on a secondary level due to the disproportionate use of it in active cooling and heating systems. As a result of the concern, thermal engineering has intensified research activity on techniques that allow providing thermal comfort to individuals, especially in-built spaces. In this review of the subject that covers the last 23 years, the conceptual definitions of thermal comfort have been documented, some of the techniques to achieve it from the perspectives of engineering and architecture, within these the technique of cooling and heating by heat exchangers is included. geothermal heat (air-earth and air-water). The influence of this type of heat exchangers has played a significant role in hot places, which is why the relevant contributions of studies that have generated information on the subject in these regions of the world are included, likewise they have been identified and as a way of contribution to knowledge the authors have established the influences of soil temperature and presence of groundwater towards these systems. Finally, the regulatory documents and standards on indoor thermal comfort, ventilation and air conditioning systems that are related to the design of geothermal heat exchangers are presented.
CORRELATION AND FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION FOR DIFFERENT PARAMETERS AMONG BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ACCESSIONS

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability and correlation of one hundred wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions, during the growing season 2006 under the aegis of Plant Breeding and Genetics department, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa, Pakistan. The accessions were characterized for the parameters, days to emergence, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm) and number of tillers plant -1 . Results depict variation for all the traits. The entry [PARC/NIAR 002303(05)] took 5 days to emergence and the entry [PARC/NIAR 002450 (01)] emerged in 17 days with 24.35% coefficient of variation. The entry [PARC/NIAR 002303(05)] took minimum 82 days to heading and maximum 129 days were taken by the entry [PARC/NIAR 002450(01)] with 7.65 % coefficient of variation. Minimum days to maturity 130 were taken by [PARC/NIAR 002450(02)] and the entry [PARC/JICA 003852(02)] took 190 days to maturity. The accession [PARC/NIAR 002828(03)] was found with shortest plant height (32 cm) and [PARC/MAFF 004276(01)] was noted with maximum plant height (199 cm) with coefficient of variation 32.46%. The accession [PARC/MAFF 004267(02)] produced maximum number of tillers plant -1 . Days to emergence were found significant positive correlated with number of tillers plant -1 while significant negative correlation was noted for days to maturity with days to emergence. Days to heading were noted having significant positive correlation with plant height, while plant height was found positively significant correlated with number of tillers plant -1
Training on Synthetic Data Beats Real Data in Multimodal Relation Extraction

The task of multimodal relation extraction has attracted significant research attention, but progress is constrained by the scarcity of available training data. One natural thought is to extend existing datasets with cross-modal generative models. In this paper, we consider a novel problem setting, where only unimodal data, either text or image, are available during training. We aim to train a multimodal classifier from synthetic data that perform well on real multimodal test data. However, training with synthetic data suffers from two obstacles: lack of data diversity and label information loss. To alleviate the issues, we propose Mutual Information-aware Multimodal Iterated Relational dAta GEneration (MI2RAGE), which applies Chained Cross-modal Generation (CCG) to promote diversity in the generated data and exploits a teacher network to select valuable training samples with high mutual information with the ground-truth labels. Comparing our method to direct training on synthetic data, we observed a significant improvement of 24.06% F1 with synthetic text and 26.42% F1 with synthetic images. Notably, our best model trained on completely synthetic images outperforms prior state-of-the-art models trained on real multimodal data by a margin of 3.76% in F1. Our codebase will be made available upon acceptance.
Model andApplication of Ecological Risk Appraisal in the Course of Urbanization in Arid Area

Urbanization is the only way of sustainable development of the Hexi Corridor.Hower,There are various contradictions and coerce between the urbanization course and ecological environment in reality,which also engenders ecological risk.It therefore makes sense to appraise the ecological risk and find its disciplinarian brought out by the urbanization course for future development of cities in Hexi corridors.Natural forces,economy and social activities contribute to the cause of ecological risk.The ecological risk in the urbanization originates mainly from the development of economy and the social activities.On the basis of research on the intension and the cause of the ecological risk,the author sets up the mathematical model for the ecological risk appraisal and then use this model to calculate the intensity of ecological risk of 7 cities in Hexi Corridor from different perspective.On this foundation,the author analysis the regularities of ecological risk change in the urbanization course of Hexi corridor: Ecological risk that the economic urbanization brings out is greater than the ecological risk that population urbanization and social urbanization bring out;The ecological risk brought out by the first industry development is greater than the secondary and tertiary industries;The ecological risk brought out by agricultural water is greater than the industry and the tertiary industry;The ecological risk of the low reaches is greater than the middle and upper reaches;The comprehensive ecological risk of each city demonstrates the precedence order of Yumen Dunhuang Wuwei Jinchang Jiuquan JiayuguanZhangye. By careful analysis on the characteristics and laws of the ecological risk in Hexi urbanization course,the author also put forward the countermeasure and ways to dissolving the ecological risk of cities in the Hexi Corridor.These countermeasures includes: Impulse the transition of economic increase to intensive style;Develop the secondary and tertiary industries such as tourism which have relatively low ecological risk in a more cost-effective manner;Improve the proportions of industrial water and reduce the proportion of agricultural water;Stress on the work of the ecological constructions of the lower reaches and the coupling development of each drainage.