Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Full Pulpotomy as a Treatment for Irreversible Pulpitis in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review of the Literature Based on Case Reports

The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the current evidence of case reports where the treatment for permanent teeth with a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis was a full pulpotomy. This study was carried out by two reviewers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic electronic search was carried out in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases until the year 2022 to find articles in English where the treatment for irreversible pulpitis in permanent teeth was a full pulpotomy. Literature reviews, in vitro or animal studies, abstracts, and unpublished data were excluded. The intervention, control, and outcome parameters were selected following the “Population, Interventions, Control, and Outcome” (PICO) guidelines. A total of 636 articles were found, and 14 articles were selected to be included in this review. The selected articles describe cases of full pulpotomies in mature permanent teeth with a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis with a total of 34 (100%) successful cases, where 18 were men and 16 were women, with an average age of 19.20 ± 10.59 years and an average follow-up of 35.82 ± 26.39 months, with 12 months being the minimum follow-up time. The material used most frequently for obturation of the full pulpotomy was mineral trioxide aggregate in 16 cases (47.06%). Within the limitations of this review, full pulpotomy presents a high success rate regardless of the tooth, age, or sex as a treatment for teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis.
Asteraceae no município de Jacobina, Chapada Diamantina, Estado da Bahia, Brasil

Asteraceae is the largest family among Eudicots, with about 24,000 species distributed throughout the world. Jacobina is located at the northern end of Chapada Diamantina and is composed by two main mountains: Serra do Tombador in the western portion, and Serra de Jacobina in the eastern portion. The study aims to survey the flora of Asteraceae of the municipality of Jacobina, discuss occurrence and distribution, and provide a key for species. Samples were collected during five field trips (2011‑2012) to different vegetation types and analysis of seven Brazilian herbaria collections. The family is represented by 15 tribes, 61 genera, 80 species, and one hybrid. The most representative tribes were Vernonieae (21 spp.), Eupatorieae (19), and Heliantheae (13), with emphasis on the genera Lepidaploa and Mikania (5 species each). Among the studied taxa, ten have Jacobina as type locality. Lepidaploa muricata is a new record for the Bahia State.
Influence of vegetation on aeolian sand transport rate from a backshore to a foredune at Hasaki, Japan

The influence of vegetation on aeolian sediment transport rate in the region from a backshore to a foredune was investigated at the Hasaki Coast in Japan, where an onshore wind was predominant and the creeping beach grasses Carex kobomugi and Calystegia soldanella were major species. The comparison of cross‐shore distributions of the cross‐shore component of aeolian sand transport rate with and without vegetation, which were estimated on the basis of the beach profile changes and a mass conservation equation, showed that the creeping grasses influenced the aeolian sand transport rate. The landward aeolian sand transport rate rapidly decreased landward from the seaward limit of vegetation when the grasses grew. The aeolian sand transport rate reduced by 95% with a vegetation cover of 28%. On the other hand, when the grasses were absent, the landward aeolian sand transport rate did not decrease near the seaward vegetation limit, but near the foot of the foredune.
Present tectonics and Late Cenozoic evolution of New Zealand

Summary. The boundary between the Pacific and Indian Plates in New Zealand is a 200-km-wide zone of pervasive deformation manifest in seismic activity, distortion of old triangulation nets and differential vertical movements of the land. The nature of the deformation within the zone is investigated using geodetic observations and earthquake slip vectors. Two components of shear strain have been measured at 22 locations using changes in the observed angles of retriangulation nets. Earthquake slip vectors for 20 published fault-plane solutions show the direction of slip at the time and location of the earthquake. Together these data indicate an axial belt of rapid dextral shear some 70-100 km in width crossing diagonally from the Hikurangi active margin on the northeast to the Fiordland margin on the south-west. Within this belt maximum shear rates reach values of 7 x IO-'yr-'. The rates and the directions of the principal axis of horizontal compression are the same, within the limits of error, as those deduced for the relative movement between the Pacific and Indian Plates from the Minster et al. instantaneous pole of rotation. Two zones of almost pure compression occur to the west of the axial tectonic belt; they are here named the Nelson and Milford tectonic zones. Behind the two active margins are zones of extension named the Taupo rift in the North Island and the Waiau rift in the South Island. The present rate of compression across the boundary zone, taken up by crustal thickening, can account for the Quaternary uplift of the mountains of the tectonic belt and zones. Two types of deformation in crustal rocks are inferred: a seismic, elastic deformation resulting in fault displacements, and an aseismic, ductile flow. The relative proportions of these varies along the length of the boundary zone. In central South Island flow is dominant, fault displacements are small and seismicity low. In the south, fault displacements account for most, and flow a minor part, of the movement between the plates. Extrapolation of present-day deformation into the past indicates that much of the observed deformation of New Zealand is of Late Cenozoic age and includes the displacement of the Alpine Fault and the bending of an original straight Mesozoic geosyncline into its present arc. Crustal thickening,
Inhibitory Effects of Saponin-Rich Extracts from Pouteria cambodiana against Digestive Enzymes α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic Lipase

Pouteria cambodiana is a perennial plant that has a wide distribution in tropical regions. It is commonly referred to as ’Nom-nang’ in the northern region of Thailand. The bark of this plant has been used for the purpose of promoting lactation among breastfeeding mothers. Moreover, P. cambodiana bark has a high nutraceutical potential due to the presence of saponins, which are secondary metabolites. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of saponins from the bark of P. cambodiana and to assess the in vitro inhibitory activities of saponin-rich extracts. The most effective extraction conditions involved a temperature of 50 °C and a 50% concentration level of ethanol as the solvent, which allowed the extraction of saponin at a concentration of 36.04 mg/g. Saponin-rich extracts and their hydrolysates from P. cambodiana bark were evaluated for their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. The IC50 values for saponin- and sapogenin-rich extracts inhibiting α-glucosidase were 0.10 and 2.98 mg/mL, respectively. Non-hydrolysed extracts also had a stronger inhibitory effect than acarbose. In the case of pancreatic lipase, only the hydrolysed extracts exhibited inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase (IC50 of 7.60 mg/mL). Thus, P. cambodiana bark may be an applicable natural resource for preparing ingredients for functional products with inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. The phenolic contents, saponin contents, and antioxidant activities of the dried extract stored at a low temperature of 25 °C for 2 months showed the best stability, with more than 90% retention.
Quasi-experimental study on fostering creativity through creative writing in German as a Foreign Language (GFL) in COVID-19

Background: In this paper, creative language teaching and learning will be discussed in the context of subject-based development of creativity that supports learning performance. Although there are several benefits of creative teaching and learning methods, creative writing tasks are not typical in foreign language education. The main focus of this study is developing a creative writing test in GFL education. Methods: The pilot study was implemented in a primary school in Hungary in 2020/2021 and introduces a model to enhance creativity in German as a Foreign Language (GFL) classroom through creative writing tasks. In the pilot experiment, pre- and post-test design was used. Results: Results of the study show that there is significant correlation between creative writing and creative thinking skills, measured with a Language Proficiency Test for Creative Writing Skills and the Test for Creative Thinking/Drawing Development (TCT-DP) by Urban and Jellen (1996). The results indicate that our creative writing skills assessment instrument is valid for measuring creative performance in GFL, however in the development of creative writing we could not prove significant changes in the experimental group, probably because of the online teaching situation during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Conclusion: Creative writing is an important tool for enhancing divergent thinking and foreign language competence. Through creative writing tasks, students engage with the language more intensively and their creative, imaginative thinking skills develop. For the evaluation of students’ creative texts analytical rubrics have been developed and they proved to be appropriate. However, despite the exciting and thought-provoking exercises, more motivation and criterion-oriented feedback is needed to support the creative learning process in an online learning environment.
The Distribution of Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Entrance Channel of Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, U.S.A.

A 16-month survey of sea turtle populations was conducted in the entrance channel of Charleston Harbor in order to document the seasonal, diurnal and spatial variability in turtle densities within a portion of the channel that required dredging using hopper dredges. Fifty-three loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), and one Kemp's ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempi) were captured, tagged and released during the survey period. Loggerhead turtle densities varied seasonally with highest densities observed during the summer months and lower densities observed during the spring and fall. Densities were positively correlated with water temperature and no turtles were captured in winter months when water temperatures were below 16°C. The relative abundance of turtles varied significantly among the four zones representing different segments of the channel length, but not among the subzones representing different portions of the channel width. Highest densities were collected from a zone which contained both mud bottom and hard bottom habitats. Lowest densities were found in the zone closest to the seaward end of the channel jetties. Over the entire study period, approximately 60 % of the turtles were captured at night; however, there was no significant difference in diel catch rates. Eight of the 53 loggerhead turtles collected in this study were recaptured specimens, and most of these turtles had been at large for several months. The study results suggest that turtle mortalities can be reduced or eliminated if dredging is accomplished during the winter months, and that the probable incidence of turtle entrainment will be greater in certain portions of the channel compared to others.
Liolaemus foxi, una nueva especie de lagarto para el norte de Chile (Squamata: Reptilia: Sauria).

Describimos a Liolaemus foxi, una nueva especie de lagarto del norte de Chile. Esta especie se caracteriza por un patrón de color único entre sus congéneres, que consiste banda occipital amplia, serrada, bordeada por dos amplias bandas parietales de color negro intenso. Las características osteológicas indican que la nueva especie pertenece al grupo montanus, y, de entre los componentes del subgrupo boulengeri puede ser distinguido porque carece de un parche de escamas agrandado en la región femoral. Existen fuertes diferencias de diseño entre juveniles y adultos los que, junto con cambios ontogénicos de las proporciones corporales, se pueden relacionar a la ecología de la especie, presuntamente para reducir competencia intraespecífica. Liolaemus foxi habita en la cordillera de Domeyko, una cadena de montañas que corre de norte a sur entre la cordillera de la costa y la cordillera andina en la región de Antofagasta.
Critical Friends, Dialogues of Discomfort, and Researcher Reflexivity in the Sociology of Sport

In this special issue, which calls for a “more radical sociology of sport and physical culture,” the purpose of this paper is to address how practices of reflexivity might be mobilized among critical sport scholars toward changing the intersectional, fragmented, and complex communities we inhabit inside and outside the academy. We begin by conducting a literature review of researcher reflexivity and positionality in Sociology of Sport Journal from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing Wanda Pillow’s “reflexivities of discomfort,” we interrogate our own research by engaging in a reflexive dialogue as “critical friends. ” Through this work, we try to make sense of the potential of these dialogues for shaping our ethical, political, and personal approaches to research, writing, methodology, and knowledge production.
Possible causes of Rotliegend sandstone diagenesis in northern West Germany

The Rotliegend sandstones of northern West Germany are characterised by severe diagenesis with growth (in approximate time sequence) of: (1) iron oxide, (2) tourmaline, (3) authigenic feldspar (mainly albite), (4) illite, (5) quartz, (6) chlorite, (7) kaolinite, (8) anhydrite and carbonate. The illite forms (a) tangential rims, (b) radial rims, (c) mesh-work, (d) dense homogeneous masses. The chemical conditions responsible for this diagenesis involved alkaline pore fluids with high K+ and Na+. These conditions were initiated very early, sometimes only a few centimetres below the surface. The diagenetic materials came from detrital volcanic grains, and the key to extent of diagenesis may be in the amoung of dissolution of these grains.
A new approach to assess long‐term lava flow hazard and risk using GIS and low‐cost remote sensing: the case of Mount Cameroon, West Africa

Mount Cameroon (MC), West Africa's most active volcano, is a typical example of a hazardous volcano in a densely populated area, often inflicting damage by lava flows. The spatial variation of the lava flow hazard has not been mapped systematically at MC and at many other volcanoes in developing countries because they are insufficiently documented and not continuously, systematically monitored with integrated state‐of‐the‐art methods. Sophisticated lava flow models requiring the specification of numerous physical properties cannot yet be applied in such cases. Hence, a low‐cost approach is proposed to assess the medium‐ to long‐term spatial variation of lava flow hazard. The ‘lava flow zonation system using low‐cost methods’ (LAZSLO) approach takes advantage of freely available topographic data and moderate‐resolution (10–100 m) satellite imagery. For any eruption, the formulation used here expresses the probability of lava flow invasion at any location as a product of the spatial variation of eruption probability and exposure of low‐lying terrain to lava flow reach. The last term is derived by determining the upslope area from where lava flows can invade a given site. A standard UNESCO formula is then used to estimate the lava flow risk. Hazard assessment results at MC indicate that the southwest and northeast flanks are the most hazardous from lava flows, whereas the risk of damage is greatest in the area between Limbe, Mapanja and Batoke, where industrial, urban and tourism infrastructures are developing rapidly. The presented approach can be applied to assist local authorities with disaster preparedness and emergency planning at many poorly studied volcanoes, particularly in developing countries with limited financial resources.
Impact of Mobile Telecommunication Access on Porters' Living Standard: A Study based on Street Porters in Kathmandu City

This paper examines how telecommunication access has affected the living standard of street porters and what are their mobile telecom service usage. The study used income, expenditure, saving, and factors affecting these variables to assess the change in living standard of street porters. The study used descriptive and explorative research design with a before-after approach. Primary data obtained from 440 street porters using purposive random sampling method was used. Both telephone questionnaire and interview schedule consisting comprehensive 54 items were administered. The tools of analysis used were descriptive statistics and inferential parametric (t- test, paired t- test) and non-parametric statistics (McNemar test). The study found that street porters use voice service mainly to talk to family and to take load orders. More than half of the sample (56%) were found to use less than 5 minutes call per day on average with 5 to 10 call counts for load per day. The study also found that mobile communication access has increased the income per day, expenditure per day and monthly saving of street porters. Further, the study also found mobile communication has enhanced the income generating factors like efficiency of street porters, bargaining power, market exploration and reduction in travel and search cost. Based on the analysis of income and expenditure, the study concluded that mobile communication access has improved the living standard of street porters.
ICT-based Elementary School in Indonesia: Curriculum Content, Strategies, and Challenges

Along with the rapid growth of ICT, many schools offer ICT-based courses or programs. This study aimed to investigate the implementation of ICT-based elementary school in Indonesia focusing on the curriculum content, the strategies for integrating ICT curriculum into national curriculum, and the challenges they faced in running the school. Taking the case at SD ICT Al Abidin Surakarta, Indonesia, this study employed a descriptive qualitative method by conducting interview, observation, and document analysis. The result showed that the ICT curriculum included coding as the main skill by using several applications namely Code.org, Scratch Jr., Kodular, and Tinkercad.com. There were also several supporting skills taught namely rapid typing, hardware knowledge, basic Microsoft Office, graphic design, and ICT unplugged. They arranged the national curriculum content first and then added ICT content into daily learning activities. The challenges in running ICT school include the difficulty in convincing parents about the benefits of learning ICT skills, the absence of ICT school as a model in Indonesian context, and the limitedness of ICT teachers in the school. To solve it, they regularly conducted socialization to parents about ICT through seminar and social media campaign. The limitedness of ICT teachers was solved by providing regular training for class teachers to learn about ICT so they could teach ICT as well whenever needed. This study implies that ICT skills can be taught since early age and it can be integrated to formal education. For that purpose, it requires adequate learning facilities, skilled teachers, and mutual coordination with parents.
The Reciprocal Interplay between Infections and Inherited Metabolic Disorders

Infections represent the main cause of acute metabolic derangements and/or the worsening of the clinical course of many inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs). The basic molecular mechanisms behind the role of infections in these conditions have not been completely clarified. This review points out the different mechanisms behind the relationship between IMDs and infections, providing an overview of this still-under-investigated area. Classically, infections have been considered as the consequence of a compromised immune system due to a biochemical defect of energy production. An adjunctive pathogenetic mechanism is related to a genetically altered protein-attached glycans composition, due to congenital glycosilation defects. In addition, a dietary regimen with a reduced intake of both micro- and macronutrients can potentially compromise the ability of the immune system to deal with an infection. There is recent pre-clinical evidence showing that during infections there may be a disruption of substrates of various metabolic pathways, leading to further cellular metabolic alteration. Therefore, infective agents may affect cellular metabolic pathways, by mediation or not of an altered immune system. The data reviewed here strongly suggest that the role of infections in many types of IMDs deserves greater attention for a better management of these disorders and a more focused therapeutic approach.
Suitable habitats for 0‐group fish in rehabilitated floodplains along the lower River Rhine

The suitability of rehabilitated floodplains along the lower River Rhine for rheophilic cyprinids was assessed by investigating the spatial distribution of 0‐group fish among, and within, three newly created secondary channels, an oxbow lake reconnected at its downstream end and several existing groyne fields. Fish were sampled during April through September 1997–1999 with seine nets and trawls and, for each sample, the habitat (physical environment) was characterized (flow, depth, substrate and inundated terrestrial vegetation). The new water bodies provide more suitable habitats for 0‐group fish than the groyne fields. Their beneficial value differs, however, between reproductive guilds and depends on the morphological and hydrological conditions. Total fish density increased along a gradient of decreasing water flow whereas the proportion of rheophilic species (Barbus barbus, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus idus and Aspius aspius) decreased. Flow velocity and water depth were the most important factors determining habitat utilization. Rheophilic fish were spatially separated from eurytopic fish (e.g. Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus and Stizostedion lucioperca). During flood events, inundated terrestrial vegetation was an important habitat for the larvae of all species. To enhance the riverine fish community, floodplain water bodies should have complex shorelines, and a high variability of flow velocities. Their slopes should be moderate to maximize the probability of terrestrial vegetation getting inundated during spring and summer. Future management of similar floodplains should focus on more diverse and accessible aquatic habitats to increase overall fish species diversity, since different types of water body clearly have complementary values. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solar-type xenon - Isotopic abundances in Pesyanoe

Elemental and isotopic abundances of Ar and Xe were measured in three grain-size separates in the dark phase of the enstatite achondrite Pesyanoe by stepwise heating, using a combination of pyrolysis and combustion steps. The data reveal a low-temperature gas fraction with Ar/Xe ratios close to the solar ratio and isotopically similar to solar-type Ar and Xe observed in lunar samples. The gas released at intermediate temperature steps shows that Ar and Xe are isotopically fractionated, compared to the low-temperature components. Pesyanoe does not have excess Ar-40 and fission Xe, which means its parent body was too small for ion reimplantation. It is concluded that solar-type Xe isotopic abundances can be inferred from the low-temperature component. A comparison of Pesyanoe and lunar data shows that isotopic signatures of solar-wind Xe, as sampled at two different points in solar system space and time, are identical within experimental error.