Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Cosmos caudatus Kunth. (ulam raja) extract as antibacterial agent in beef and shrimp meats, and its sensory evaluation

The use of chemical preservatives in food products to inhibit the growth of microorganisms is widely used nowadays. However, their use has become a concern due to several negative side effects, and when consumers question the safety of the foods they eat. Therefore, the present work was conducted to investigate the potential of plant natural sanitiser from Cosmos caudatus Kunth extract to reduce the natural microflora present in raw beef and shrimp meat samples. The present work aimed to investigate the reduction of natural microflora (B. cereus, E. coli, Pseudomonas spp., S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes) in raw beef and shrimp meat samples following sanitisation with different concentrations of C. caudatus extract (0.05, 0.50, and 5.00%) at different soaking times (5, 10, and 15 min). The sanitised samples were further evaluated with sensory acceptability (colour, odour, texture, and overall acceptability) to determine their acceptance level after treatment. Based on the results, the microflora in beef and shrimp meat samples were reduced significantly (p < 0.05) started from 0.05% at varied soaking times. The decrease in bacterial populations was proportional to the increase in extract concentrations and soaking times. In sensory acceptability, all cooked samples achieved acceptance level by the panellists at 0.05% after 10 min of soaking time. Food samples treated with 0.05% of C. caudatus extract and 10 min of soaking time showed the best combination in terms of bacterial reduction and the level of acceptance by the panellists. Hence, it can be concluded that C. caudatus extract has a high potential as a natural-based food sanitiser that can prevent bacterial contamination while maintaining the sensory acceptability of the foods.
Cough Test Results during Screening for Silent Aspiration Are Affected by Risk Factors for Silent Cerebral Infarct in Older Adults with Chronic Disease

The cough reflex does not change with age. However, older adults with chronic diseases often have a reduced cough reflex. The effects of several risk factors on reduced cough sensitivity in older adults remain unclear. This study aims to clarify the risk factors for reduced cough sensitivity in older adults with chronic diseases. This cross-sectional study included participants aged <65 years (young group; n = 21), those aged ≥65 years (older adults with chronic disease group; n = 18), and those with dysphagia (dysphagia group; n = 16). A cough test was performed on all participants using an ultrasonic nebulizer with a mist of 1% w/v citric acid physiologic saline. Cough response was observed in the young (21/21), older adult (9/18), and dysphagia (13/16) groups. The difference between the young and older adult groups was significant (p < 0.01). The older adult and dysphagia groups had decreased cough sensitivity compared to the younger group. Cough sensitivity was affected by risk factors for silent cerebral infarct and age. Our findings show that cough test results might be affected by risk factors for silent cerebral infarction in older adults with chronic diseases.
Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Recombinant Human Brain Natriuretic Peptides on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective Systematic evaluation of the efficacy of natriuretic recombination in human brain on disease myocardial infarction, left ventricular heart failure, and the efficacy and safety of long-term left ventricular remodeling. Methods Computerized search of CNKI, Wanfang database, Wipro Chinese Technology Publications (VIP) numerical database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Medline Cochrane Library, clinical Trail.Gov clinical collection, and other documents. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction from inception to December 2021 were searched. Based on the Jadad scale, inclusion-exclusion data for diseases were collected and elaborated by meta by RevMan 5.3 simulation software. In a total of 23 randomized controlled trials, 2 024 cases were used as the basic data, the control group was routinely treated for 1 012 cases, and 1 012 cases in the experimental group were also treated with natriuretic peptide in the recombinant human brain on the previous basis. Results In terms of overall efficacy, the experimental group was better than the control group, statistically significant (OR = 4.30, 95% CI (3.26, 5.67), P < 0.000 01), left ventricular ejection fraction in the experimental group than the control group (OR = 1.58, 95% CI (1.27, 1.90), P < 0.000 01). In terms of a myocardial strain in the left ventricle, the experimental group was superior to the control group. The difference was significant (OR = −0.91, 95% CI (-1.50, -0.33), P = 0.002). In terms of the cardiac output volume, the experimental group was superior to the control group (OR = 1.24, 95% CI (0.55, 1.94), P = 0.0005). Regarding brain natriuretic peptide precursors, the experimental group was superior to the control group (OR = −4.37, 95% CI (-6.21, -3.25), P < 0.00001). In terms of the heart rate, the experimental group was superior to the control group. Measurement of differential significance is as follows: OR = −13.70, 95% CI (-14.95, -12.46), P < 0.00001. In terms of contraction, the experimental group was superior to the comparison group (OR = −12.38, 95% CI (-17.98, -6.79), P < 0.00001). The experimental group outperformed the control group (OR = −7.42, 95% CI (-8.53, -6.30), P < 0.00001). In terms of bad influence, the measurement is as follows: OR = 0.95, 95% CI (0.29, 3.16), P = 0.94. Conclusion In patients with acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular remodeling, if treated with a heavy treatment of the group of cerebral natriuretic peptide mode, it can increase clinical treatment, improve the cardiac effect, inhibit ventricular remodeling, improve blood pressure and heart rhythm, and have greater clinical treatment and safety.
Effect of some Organic Addition to Rice Straw Substrate on Production of Oyster Mushroom

This research was conducted in the Mushroom Research Laboratory at Al-Qasasin Station, Governorate. The research was conducted over two successive seasons, 2019 and 2020. This experiment aimed to study the effect of some organic additives to the rice straw environment on the physical crop and its husks. Components of the bodies of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Florida strain 14). These parameters were measured during the experiment of cap diameter, cap weight, fruit body weight, dry matter, early yield (gm), total yield, N.P.K. contents, carbohydrate, and protein content. The results showed significant differences in all the traits under study, and the use of rice straw + humic acid at an at 5% achieved the highest values in most of these traits. Regarding the chemical components of the fruit bodies, the use of rice straw + humic acid enhances the proportions of dry matter, phosphorous, nitrogen, protein, and total carbohydrates. Also, applied coffee residues to rice straw were recorded In general; the results indicated that using rice straw with humic acid at the rate of 15 %as growth substrate to oyster mushroom was table substrate as compared to other applications
Profile distribution of trace elements under different land-use systems in North East India

ABSTRACT An investigation was carried out to study the depth-distribution of available trace elements and their relationship with soil physico-chemical properties in soils of Golaghat district, India. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm depth under five land use systems (LUS) viz. rice, vegetable, sugarcane, bamboo and tea. Particle size distribution data showed significant variation among the diverse LUS and soil depths. Soils were very strongly to medium acidic with a pH range of 4.7 to 5.7 and the highest was recorded at 80–100 cm depth under all the LUS. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content was higher in the surface layer and decreased with increasing soil depths. The highest (13.3 g kg−1) and lowest content of SOC (1.5 g kg−1) in soil were observed under tea and bamboo LUS. Exchangeable cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation were higher in soils under rice LUS as compared to other LUS. Average DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content of the soils ranged from 10.3 to 80.3, 2.0 to 29.2, 0.1 to 0.8 and 0.1 to 1.8 mg kg−1 under diverse LUS.
Factors associated with late-stage presentation of cervical cancer in Ghana

Summary Objective To explore factors associated with late clinical presentation among Ghanaian women with cervical cancer Design This is a cross-sectional survey using a paper questionnaire. Setting Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi, Ghana. Participants Participants were women presenting for cervical cancer care at KATH. Inclusion criteria were histologically diagnosed cervical cancer and age ≥18 years. The exclusion criteria was age <18. All women presenting from August 2018-August 2019 were recruited. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was the proportion of participants presenting with late-stage cervical cancer, defined as stage II or higher. Results Of 351 total participants, 33.6% were unemployed, 35.3% had no formal education, and 96.6% had an average monthly income of less than five hundred Ghana cedis ($86 USD). Time from symptoms to seeing a doctor ranged from fewer than two weeks (16.0%) to more than twelve months (8.6%). Participants' most common barrier in seeking healthcare was financial constraints (50.0%). Most participants presented at late-stage cervical cancer (95.2%, n=334), with only 4.8% (n=17) presenting at stage I. Of participants presenting with late-stage cervical cancer, the vast majority had never had a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (99.1%) nor a recent gynecologic exam (99.3%). After adjusting for age, parity, and distance to a healthcare facility, a late-stage presentation was associated with lower income and living in a rural area. Conclusions In Ghana, 95% of women with cervical cancer seek care at a late clinical stage, defined as stage II or greater, when the cancer is inoperable. Funding None declared
Goodness of Link Tests for Generalized Linear Models

SUMMARY Data analytic procedures are proposed to examine the adequacy of the hypothesized link used in fitting a generalized linear model. Through model expansion and linearization, tests and estimation techniques are provided. These procedures, along with the release of GLIM3, enable the user to examine routinely and objectively the fit of an hypothesized model. Examples are presented to illustrate the testing and fitting procedure.
The elasticity of taxable income of low-income earners: bunching evidence from Spain

ABSTRACT This paper estimates the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) for Spain. Using the bunching approach and administrative tax data from 2008 to 2017, we find evidence of bunching at the first tax kink (ETI = 0.7) and missing mass around the second tax kink (ETI = 0.4). Even though we detect heterogeneity in responses depending on taxpayers’ personal and family circumstances, bunching and missing mass are mostly related to labour income. The main mechanism of response for bunching is associated with the use of certain deductions and allowances, while missing mass is driven by the phase-out region of a targeted deduction for labour income.
The devil in the details : asymptotic reasoning in explanation, reduction, and emergence

Batterman examines a form of scientific reasoning called asymptotic reasoning, which he argues has important consequences for our understanding of the scientific process as a whole. He argues that asymptotic reasoning is essential for explaining what physicists call universal behaviour: in this type of reasoning, a scientific observer may choose to focus on only a handful among many avaliable variables, while arguing that the others make little or no contribution to the behaviour in a given system. With clarity and rigour, Batterman simplifies some of the more complex questions about universal behaviour, demonstrating a profound understanding of the underlying structures that ground them. This book introduces a valuable new method that offers the possibility of filling explanatory gaps across disciplines and is guaranteed a broad and enthusiastic readership.
Triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension for suprachoroidal use in the treatment of macular edema associated with uveitis

ABSTRACT Introduction Macular edema due to noninfectious uveitis is a sight-threatening complication that is routinely treated with corticosteroids. Triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension for suprachoroidal use (Xipere™) is an alternative treatment option for patients with noninfectious uveitis-associated macular edema. Areas covered This review describes the recently FDA-approved triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension that can be injected into the suprachoroidal space. This physiological space is between the sclera and choroid. This allows for therapeutic targeting of the retina and choroid. This review highlights published clinical trials for this novel drug preparation. Expert opinion Suprachoroidal administration of triamcinolone acetonide has shown improvement in vision and inflammation in studies with noninfectious uveitis-associated macular edema. This unique delivery method suggests the potential to decrease side effects of anterior segment exposure such as glaucoma and cataract, but head-to-head trials are needed for further study of safety and efficacy. Additionally, there are promising prospective studies underway for utilization of the suprachoroidal space for other diseases including macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, and ocular tumors.
Viewing the Joint Operation of Five Major Decision Difficulties Within the Dual-Process Theory of Career Decision-Making

While research has identified a five-factor model of career decision-making difficulty based on meta-analytical evidence and cross-cultural comparison, the field lacks an elaborated theoretical account of the joint operation of the five decision difficulties. The current study drew on the dual-process theory of career decision-making (DTC) to examine the interplay of the five decision difficulties in predicting career decidedness in the Chinese context. Study 1 developed and validated measures of decision ambiguity, advance in narrowing down, and career decidedness in a sample of Chinese college students (n = 180). Study 2 examined the structural model using another sample of Chinese college students (n = 408). Focusing on the relations of the five major decision difficulties to career decidedness, the results did not support the standalone mechanism of confusion management but supported the standalone mechanism of ambiguity management. Additionally, the results supported the crossover mechanism from confusion management to ambiguity management and the crossover mechanism from ambiguity management to confusion management. The results not only shed light on the role of each difficulty but also offer evidence for the interplay of key DTC macro elements. The practical implications based on the joint operation of the five decision-making difficulties are discussed.
Managing Female Athlete Health: Auditing the Representation of Female versus Male Participants among Research in Supplements to Manage Diagnosed Micronutrient Issues

Micronutrient deficiencies and sub-optimal intakes among female athletes are a concern and are commonly prevented or treated with medical supplements. However, it is unclear how well women have been considered in the research underpinning current supplementation practices. We conducted an audit of the literature supporting the use of calcium, iron, and vitamin D. Of the 299 studies, including 25,171 participants, the majority (71%) of participants were women. Studies with exclusively female cohorts (37%) were also more prevalent than those examining males in isolation (31%). However, study designs considering divergent responses between sexes were sparse, accounting for 7% of the literature. Moreover, despite the abundance of female participants, the quality and quantity of the literature specific to female athletes was poor. Just 32% of studies including women defined menstrual status, while none implemented best-practice methodologies regarding ovarian hormonal control. Additionally, only 10% of studies included highly trained female athletes. Investigations of calcium supplementation were particularly lacking, with just two studies conducted in highly trained women. New research should focus on high-quality investigations specific to female athletes, alongside evaluating sex-based differences in the response to calcium, iron, and vitamin D, thus ensuring the specific needs of women have been considered in current protocols involving medical supplements.
The Effects of Node Position, Shoot Vigor, and Strain on ‘Delicious’ Apple Spur Development1

Bud weight, and spur number, length, and fruitfulness were measured in shoots of ‘Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). In 2-, 3-, and 4-year-old wood, spur number, length, and fruitfulness were greater at the subapical nodes than at the basal nodes of the shoot. In dormant 1-year-old shoots, bud weight was affected by strain, node, position, and vigor. Axillary buds were largest in the apical portion of standard ‘Delicious’ shoots and in the basal portion of spur-types. In extremely vigorous shoots of ‘Gardner Delicious’ basal buds did not grow at the beginning of the second growing season unless treated with 6-benzylamino purine (BA), which induced normal spurs.
Interpretation of the observed radial electric field inversion in the TUMAN-3M tokamak during MHD activity

A theoretical model for the toroidal rotation spin-up and generation of a positive radial electric field during the stochastization of plasma edge is put forward. Equations for the toroidal velocity and for modification of the core radial electric field have been derived. A detailed comparison of the model results with the radial electric field and plasma potential measurements during MHD activity in the TUMAN-3M tokamak is presented.
Mating status affects females feeding behavior but does not the encapsulation response in the field cricket, Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

Mating can trigger different effects on the physiology and behavior of animals, especially in females. These effects can be either beneficial, such as boosting the immune response, or harmful, such as decreasing survival, for example. Cricket females are among the most used models for understanding these life history trade-offs. We recently demonstrated that mated females have a slight cost of reproduction in survival that could be explained if they differed in resource consumption compared to unmated, being able to avoid putative damages of reproduction on self-maintenance. To test whether mating status modulates feeding behavior and self-maintenance (i.e., immunity), we performed two experimental blocks: In the first, we measure the food intake of both virgin and mated females of Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775). In the second, we compared the ability to mount an acute immune response (encapsulation) against a nylon filament implant, a widely used method to challenge the insect immune system. Results showed that mated females did not increase food consumption compared to pre-mating period, however, the virgin group (control) drastically decreased the amount of food ingested. Furthermore, no difference in immune response was found between mating status. As mated females ingested more food than those virgins of the same age, we suggest the feeding behavior (i.e., resource acquisition) as one of the used behavioral strategies to maintain immune ability, high oviposition rates, and survival of mated females of G. (G.) assimilis when fed ad libitum.
Incidental finding of situs ambiguus in a middle‐aged woman

Situs ambiguus is a rare congenital abnormality with outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to fatal. Here we present a woman with an incidental finding of situs ambiguus hinted by her chest radiograph. This case highlights the importance of actively seeking diagnosis when right sub‐diaphragmic air is noted when viewing a chest radiograph.
The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) Targets Oncogenic BRAF in Melanoma Cells and Promotes a Switch from Pro-Survival Autophagy to Apoptosis

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI) are epigenetic compounds that have been widely considered very promising antitumor agents. Here, we focus on the effects of the pan-HDAC inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) in comparison with SAHA (Vorinostat) in melanoma cells bearing BRAF V600E oncogenic mutation. Our results indicate both ITF2357 and SAHA dose-dependently reduce the viability of BRAF-mutated SK-MEL-28 and A375 melanoma cells. The comparison of IC50 values revealed that ITF2357 was much more effective than SAHA. Interestingly, both inhibitors markedly decreased oncogenic BRAF protein expression levels, ITF2357 being the most effective compound. Moreover, the BRAF decrease induced by ITF2357 was accompanied by a decrease in the level of phospho-ERK1/2. The inhibitor of upstream MEK activity, U0126, reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and dramatically potentiated the antitumor effect of ITF2357, exacerbating the reduction in the BRAF level. ITF2357 stimulated an early pro-survival autophagic response, which was followed by apoptosis, as indicated by apoptotic markers evaluation and the protective effects exerted by the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VADfmk. Overall, our data indicate for the first time that ITF2357 targets oncogenic BRAF in melanoma cells and induces a switch from autophagy to classic apoptosis, thus representing a possible candidate in melanoma targeted therapy.
Impact of cry wolf effects on social preparedness and the efficiency of flood early warning systems

Abstract. To improve the efficiency of flood early warning systems (FEWS), it is important to understand the interactions between natural and social systems. The high level of trust in authorities and experts is necessary to improve the likeliness of individuals to take preparedness actions responding to warnings. Despite many efforts to develop the dynamic model of human and water in socio-hydrology, no socio-hydrological models explicitly simulate social collective trust in FEWS. Here, we develop the stylized model to simulate the interactions of flood, social collective memory, social collective trust in FEWS, and preparedness actions responding to warnings by extending the existing socio-hydrological model. We realistically simulate the cry wolf effect in which many false alarms undermine the credibility of the early warning systems and make it difficult to induce preparedness actions. We found that (1) considering the dynamics of social collective trust in FEWS is more important in the technological society with infrequent flood events than in the green society with frequent flood events; and (2) as the natural scientific skill to predict flood events is improved, the efficiency of FEWS gets more sensitive to the behavior of social collective trust, so that forecasters need to determine their warning threshold by considering the social aspects.