Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DMSO_A_244761 1887..1898

Mario A Jimenez-Mora Luz D Nieves-Barreto Angélica MontañoRodríguez Eddy C BetancourtVillamizar Carlos O Mendivil 1,3 1Universidad de los Andes, School of Medicine, Bogotá, Colombia; 2Team Foods, Bogotá, Colombia; 3Fundación Santa Fe De Bogotá, Section of Endocrinology, Bogotá, Colombia Objective: Latin American countries are experiencing a nutritional and demographic transition that predisposes to the spread of the obesity epidemic, especially among the socially and economically disadvantaged. We aimed to describe the prevalence of obesity, overweight and abdominal obesity and their association with household socioeconomic status (SES) and personal educational level in the five major cities of Colombia (Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla and Bucaramanga). Materials and Methods: We collected demographic and anthropometric measurements from a population-based, stratified, multi-stage probability sample of individuals aged 2–75 years. Study surveys and anthropometric measurements were administered by highly trained staff. All reported prevalences are expanded to the target population, taking into account the sampling design. Results: The study sample included 1922 participants. In children and adolescents, the prevalence of overweight and obesity were respectively 23% and 8.8%. Overweight was most prevalent in the 2–4 (30.9%), followed by the 5–11 (23.8%) and the 12–17 age group (17.8%). The combined prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity increased with SES (16.8% in the lowest vs 42.8% in the highest stratum). In adults (18–75 years), the prevalence of excess body weight was 57.5% (36.2% overweight, 21.3% obesity), the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 34.4%, all prevalences increased with age. Obesity was far more prevalent among adult women (29.4%) than men (12.6%) (p˂0.001). Adult obesity and abdominal obesity decreased significantly and monotonically with SES and were most prevalent in individuals with the lowest educational level (35.3% and 50.7%, respectively). Almost 40% of overweight adults had abdominal obesity. Conclusion: Obesity and abdominal obesity are highly prevalent in the urban population of Colombia, and much more frequent among adults of lower SES and educational level. Excess body weight affected more often children of higher SES. Public health measures are urgently needed to tackle the spread of the obesity epidemic in Colombia and other Latin American countries, with a focus on low-income and low-educational level segments of society.
Space Launch Vehicle Design: Conceptual Design of Rocket Powered, Vertical Takeoff, Fully Expendable and First Stage Boostback Space Launch Vehicles

Engineering design can be broken down into three phases: conceptual design, preliminary design, and detailed design. During the conceptual design phase, several potential configurations are studied towards the identification of the baseline vehicle. Although the least amount of detail is known about the design during the early conceptual design phase, the decisions made during this phase lock in major features effecting life-cycle cost and overall product success. As the next big space race begins, it is critically important to have a readily available tool for launch vehicle designers that is intuitive to use, easy to modify, cost effective, and provides correct results. This thesis details the creation of such a tool for use during the early conceptual design phase by analyzing existing launch vehicle design software and literature in order to adopt a best-practice approach to launch vehicle sizing. In addition to correctly sizing the vehicle calculating the initial parameters, the tool also determines the vehicle's basic geometric information and runs an ascent-to-orbit trajectory simulation to verify the design's validity. The tool is capable of sizing fully expendable space launch vehicles, fully expendable vehicles whose final stage is to be used for both ascent-to-orbit and additional orbital maneuvering after reaching the parking orbit, and vehicles whose first stage performs a self-recovery through the boostback and vertical landing method.
HIV_A_266539 449..456

1Department of Reproductive and Family Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia; 2Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia Background: HIV/AIDS has been a big public health problem in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. Comprehensive knowledge is a basis for the prevention, control and treatment of HIV/AIDS. Several studies were focused only on the individual-level characteristics. However, comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS is a multi-factorial understanding on a different level. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the individualand community-level factors that determine comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. Methods: This study used data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). A total of 25,927 (weighted) people aged 15–49 years were included in the study. A two-stage stratified cluster was used. Data were analyzed using Stata version 14. Multilevel mixed effect logistic regression was used to identify predictors of comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Results: Various individualand community-level factors were associated with comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. From individual-level factors such as sex (male), educational status (educated), media exposure, and ever been tested for HIV, and from community-level factors such as place of residence (urban) and region (developed region) were predictors of comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: Both individualand community-level factors were identified as predictors of comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The government should design strategies to address the HIV/AIDS knowledge gaps among women and other underprivileged population sub-groups.
PARTIAL AND COMPLETE REPLACEMENT OF FISH MEAL WITH SOYBEAN MEAL IN DIETS OF NILE TILAPIA ( OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS ) AND MULLET (MUGIL CEPHALUS) REARED IN POLYCULTURE SYSTEM .

: Production of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) and mullet ( Mugil cephalus ) as affected with dietary protein source in polyculture system was compared. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain (25.3±0.16) crude protein. Diet 1 was free from soybean meal, while fish meal was replaced at 50, 75 and 100 % levels with soybean meal in diets 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The dietary treatments were carried out in 4 earthen ponds each of total area of 5 feddans (2.1 ha). The diets were offered at 3% rate of body weight (B.W), at two times a day. The ponds were prepared and fertilized by 1200kg/h chicken manure, 150 kg/h super phosphate and 60kg/h urea. The growth performance parameters was significantly different (p <0.05) between diets. The highest growth performance parameter was obtained by replacing 50% fish meal with soybean meal (diet 2). However, the totally replacement of fish meal in diet 4, gave the least inferior growth performance. Highest fish yield over 240 day culture period was recorded with diet 2 (3,888 kg/h) followed by diet 1 (3,776 kg/h), diet 3 (3,684 kg/h) and finally diet 4 (3,555 kg/h). Based on data obtained it is possible to replace fish meal by soybean meal up to 50 % without negative effects on growth performance or total fish yields.
Load-Independent Harmonic Mitigation in SCR-Fed Three-Phase Multiple Adjustable Speed Drive Systems with Deliberately Dispatched Firing Angles

Adjustable speed drives (ASD) are widely used in industry for energy savings, where low-cost diode rectifiers are still employed as the front-ends, also for simplicity in control and reliability in operation. However, significant harmonics appear at the grid, which should be tackled according to standards and/or grid-connection rules. If not, a poor power quality will cause the efficiency of the entire system drop. Currently, communication technologies are still not very cost-effective for industrial harmonic control in multiple parallel motor-drive systems. Therefore, this study proposes a harmonic mitigation strategy for multiple ASD systems, where silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR) with boost converters in the dc-link have been adopted to increase the harmonic-current controllability. More specific, the SCR firing angles are deliberately dispatched among the drive units, which results in certain phase shifts of the SCR currents on purpose. Consequently, the harmonics appearing in the grid current can be mitigated to some extent without communication. The effectiveness is independent of an individual SCR system loading when a number of drives are connected. Simulations are carried out to verify the discussion. Furthermore, to maximize the harmonic cancellation, a customised modulation scheme has been experimentally demonstrated. Both simulation and experimental results have confirmed the analysis.
Luminous and high-frequency peaked blazars: the origin of the gamma-ray emission from PKS 1424+240

Context. The current generation of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes, together with the LAT instrument on-board the Fermi satellite, have greatly increased our knowledge of γ-ray blazars. Among them, the high-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object (HBL) PKS 1424+240 (z ' 0.6) is the farthest persistent emitter of very-high-energy (VHE; E ≥ 100 GeV) γ-ray photons. Current emission models can satisfactorily reproduce typical blazar emission assuming that the dominant emission process is synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) in HBLs; and external-inverse-Compton (EIC) in low-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae objects and flat-spectrum-radio-quasars. Alternatively, hadronic models are also able to correctly reproduce the γ-ray emission from blazars, although they are in general disfavored for bright quasars and rapid flares. Aims. The blazar PKS 1424+240 is a rare example of a luminous HBL, and we aim to determine which is the emission process most likely responsible for its γ-ray emission. This will impact more generally our comprehension of blazar emission models, and how they are related to the luminosity of the source and the peak frequency of the spectral energy distribution. Methods. We have investigated different blazar emission models applied to the spectral energy distribution of PKS 1424+240. Among leptonic models, we study a one-zone SSC model (including a systematic study of the parameter space), a two-zone SSC model, and an EIC model. We then investigated a blazar hadronic model, and finally a scenario in which the γ-ray emission is associated with cascades in the line-of-sight produced by cosmic rays from the source. Results. After a systematic study of the parameter space of the one-zone SSC model, we conclude that this scenario is not compatible with γ-ray observations of PKS 1424+240. A two-zone SSC scenario can alleviate this issue, as well as an EIC solution. For the latter, the external photon field is assumed to be the infra-red radiation from the dusty torus, otherwise the VHE γ-ray emission would have been significantly absorbed. Alternatively, hadronic models can satisfactorily reproduce the γ-ray emission from PKS 1424+240, both as in-source emission and as cascade emission.
Extension of Boolean homomorphisms with bounding semimorphisms.

Let A, B be boolean algebras. We recall that a map f:A-+Bis called a semimorphism (resp. dual semimorphism) if f(0) = 0, f(l) = l, and f ( x v y ) = f(x) v f(y) (resp. f(x Λ y) = f(x) Λ f(y)) for all #, y € A. Let Sem (A, B) denote the set of all semimorphisms from A to B. There is an order <^ on Sem (A, B) defined by f^g iff f ( x ) ^ g ( x ) for all x£A. Then Sem (^4, B) becomes a sup-semilattice with greatest element u given by u(0) = 0, n(x) = l if χ Φ 0. Let Hom (A, B) be the set of (boolean) homomorphisms from A to B. Clearly Hom (A, B) ^ Sem (A, B). Moreover, it is easy to see that every element of Hom (A, B) is a minimal element of Sem (^4, B). The converse Situation is clarified by the following Theorem of Monteiro [4]: Let K be a complete boolean algebra, A a subalgebra of boolean algebra 5, /"€ Hom (A, K), d € Sem (B, K), and f <Ξ d \ A; then there is A € Hom (B, K) with h <Ξ d and h \A = f. Iji the next section we shall give a simple proof of this result.
Climate resilient organic farming for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) -chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cropping sequence

A field experiment was conducted at Junagadh on clayey soil during 2015 to 2017 at Junagadh (Gujarat) to evaluate the potentiality of organic farming in groundnut-chickpea crop sequence in terms of productivity, profitability and soil health. Treatments comprised FYM, castor cake and vermicompost in various proportions (applied on equivalent N basis) and chemical fertilizers. Results revealed that application of FYM 1250 kg/ha + castor cake 139 kg/ha to groundnut improved growth, yield and quality parameters viz., plant height, pods/plant, test weight and oil content, and ultimately recorded significantly higher pod yield (1513 kg/ha) and haulm yield (3200 kg/ha) of groundnut as compared to RDF + FYM 5 t/ha. While manuring of vermicompost 667 kg/ha + castor cake 222 kg/ha to chickpea enhanced growth, yield and quality attributes viz., plant height, pods/plant, test weight and protein content, and eventually produced significantly higher seed yield (2269 kg/ha) and stalk yield (3272 kg/ha) of chickpea. Maximum net returns were obtained with application of FYM 1250 kg/ha + castor cake 139 kg/hain groundnut and with application of vermicompost 667 kg/ha + castor cake 222 kg/ha in chickpea. Application of FYM +castor cake to groundnut, while that of vermicompost + castor cake to chickpea significantly increased uptake of N, P and K. Application of FYM, vermicompost castor cakeimproved post-harvest carbon, and availability of N, P and in soil.
Hepatic glucokinase is induced by dietary carbohydrates in rainbow trout, gilthead seabream, and common carp

S. Hepatic glucokinase is induced by dietary carbohydrates in rainbow trout, gilthead seabream, and common carp. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 278: R1164–R1170, 2000. —Glucokinase (GK) plays a central role in glucose homeostasis in mammals. The absence of an inducible GK has been suggested to explain the poor utilization of dietary carbohydrates in rainbow trout. In this context, we analyzed GK expression in three ﬁsh species (rain-bow trout , gilthead seabream, and common carp) known to differ in regard to their dietary carbohydrate tolerance. Fish were fed for 10 wk with either a diet containing a high level of digestible starch ( . 20%) or a diet totally deprived of starch. Our data demonstrate an induction of GK gene expression and GK activity by dietary carbohydrates in all three species. These studies strongly suggest that low dietary carbohydrate utilization in rainbow trout is not due to the absence of inducible hepatic GK as previously suggested. Interestingly, we also observed a signiﬁcantly lower GK expression in common carp (a glucose-tolerant ﬁsh) than in rainbow trout and gilthead seabream, which are generally considered as glucose intolerant. These data suggest that other biochemical mechanisms are implicated in the inability of rainbow trout and gilthead seabream to control blood glucose closely.
Multi-wavelength campaign on NGC 7469 (cid:63) III. Spectral energy distribution and the AGN wind photoionisation modelling, plus detection of diffuse X-rays from the starburst with Chandra HETGS

We investigate the physical structure of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) wind in the Seyfert-1 galaxy NGC 7469 through high- resolution X-ray spectroscopy with Chandra HETGS and photoionisation modelling. Contemporaneous data from Chandra , HST, and Swift are used to model the optical-UV-X-ray continuum and determine the spectral energy distribution (SED) at two epochs, 13 yr apart. For our investigation we use new observations taken in December 2015–January 2016, and historical ones taken in December 2002. We study the impact of a change in the SED shape, seen between the two epochs, on the photoionisation of the wind. The HETGS spectroscopy shows that the AGN wind in NGC 7469 consists of four ionisation components, with their outﬂow velocities ranging from − 400 to − 1800 km s − 1 . From our modelling we ﬁnd that the change in the ionising continuum shape between the two epochs results in some variation in the ionisation state of the wind components. However, for the main ions detected in X-rays, the sum of their column densities over all components remains in practice unchanged. For two of the four components, which are found to be thermally unstable in both epochs, we obtain 2 < r < 31 pc and 12 < r < 29 pc using the cooling and recombination timescales. For the other two thermally stable components, we obtain r < 31 pc and r < 80 pc from the recombination timescale. The results of our photoionisation modelling and thermal stability analysis suggest that the absorber components in NGC 7469 are consistent with being a thermally driven wind from the AGN torus. Finally, from analysis of the zeroth-order ACIS/HETG data, we discover that the X-ray emission in the range 0.2–1 keV is spatially extended over 1.5–12 (cid:48)(cid:48) . This diffuse soft X-ray emission is explained by coronal emission from the nuclear starburst ring in NGC 7469. The star formation rate inferred from this diffuse soft X-ray emission is consistent with those found by far-infrared studies of NGC 7469.
Utilizing Machine Learning and Virtual Reality to Facilitate Brain-Computer Interface Control

Brain-computer interface (BCI) users must first participate in many training sessions to obtain adequate data for optimizing the classification algorithm and subsequently acquiring brain-based control. Such traditional training paradigms are neither motivating nor engaging. In recent years, it has been shown that the synergy of virtual reality (VR) and a BCI can lead to increased user engagement. This study created a 3-class BCI that initially presented sham feedback but was eventually driven by EEG associated with motor imagery to navigate a single-path maze in VR. Ten of the eleven recruited participants achieved online performance superior to chance (p < 0.01), while the majority successfully completed more than 70% of the prescribed navigational tasks. These results indicate that the proposed paradigm warrants further consideration as neurofeedback BCI training tool. A paradigm that allows users, from their perspective, control from the outset without the need for prior data collection sessions.
Modeling and Optimizing a Vacuum Gas Oil Hydrocracking Plant using an Artificial Neural Network

In this research, based on actual data gathered from an industrial scale vacuum gas oil (VGO) hydrocracker and artificial neural network (ANN) method, a model is proposed to simulate yields of products including light gases, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), light naphtha, heavy naphtha, kerosene, diesel and unconverted oil (off-test). The input layer of the ANN model consists of the catalyst, feed and recycle flow rates, and bed temperatures, while the output neurons are yields of those products. The results showed that the AAD% (average absolute deviation) of the developed ANN model for training, testing, and validating data are 0.445%, 1.131% and 0.755%, respectively. Then, by considering all operational constraints, the results confirmed that the decision variables (i.e., recycle rate and bed temperatures) generated by the optimization approach can enhance the gross profit of the hydrocracking process to more than $0.81 million annually, which is significant for the economy of the target refinery.
BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online

—Low-rank recovery models have shown potential for salient object detection, where a matrix is decomposed into a low-rank matrix representing image background and a sparse matrix identifying salient objects. Two deﬁciencies, however, still exist. First, previous work typically assumes the elements in the sparse matrix are mutually independent, ignoring the spatial and pattern relations of image regions. Second, when the low-rank and sparse matrices are relatively coherent, e.g., when there are similarities between the salient objects and background or when the background is complicated, it is difﬁcult for previous models to disentangle them. To address these problems, we propose a novel structured matrix decomposition model with two structural regularizations: (1) a tree-structured sparsity-inducing regularization that captures the image structure and enforces patches from the same object to have similar saliency values, and (2) a Laplacian regularization that enlarges the gaps between salient objects and the background in feature space. Furthermore, high-level priors are integrated to guide the matrix decomposition and boost the detection. We evaluate our model for salient object detection on ﬁve challenging datasets including single object, multiple objects and complex scene images, and show competitive results as compared with 24 state-of-the-art methods in terms of seven performance metrics.
Acute Complications of Diabetes and its Predictors among Adult Diabetic Patients at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impairment in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It is responsible for a wide range of acute and chronic complications. In this study, we aimed to assess acute complications of diabetes and its predictors among adult DM patients at Jimma Medical Center (JMC), southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study involving 348 diabetic patients was conducted from February to May 31, 2019 at JMC. Logistic regression was conducted to identify predictors of acute complications of diabetes. Variables with P ≤ 0.25 on bivariate logistic regression were considered candidates for multivariate regression. ORs and 95% CIs with P <0.05 were considered statistically signi ﬁ cant. Results: Of the 348 patients, 225 (64.7%) were male, and the mean age of study participants was 46±15.5 years. Most (281, 80.7%) had type 2 DM. More than two-thirds (240, 69%)had diabetes duration of <5 years. During the study period, 92 (26.4%) patients developed acute complications of diabetes. Of these, 68 (73.9%) had diabetic ketoacidosis, 21 (22.8%) a hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, and three (3.3%) hypoglycemia. Presence of comorbidity (AOR 5.6, 95% CI 2.80 – 11.19), type 1 DM (AOR 9.3, 95% CI 4.36 – 19.82), uncontrolled blood glucose (AOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.05 – 3.45), and lack of access to a health facility within a reasonable distance (AOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.11 – 3.45) were independent predictors of acute complications of diabetes. Conclusion: The magnitude of acute complications among DM patients at JMC was high. Comorbidity, type 1 DM, uncontrolled blood sugar, and lack of access to a health facility within a reasonable distance were independent predictors of acute complications. Clinicians should follow up this subgroup of DM patients closely.