Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adubação boratada e produção de sementes de trigo

Boron deficiency can decrease fertility of flowers, harming productivity of wheat seeds. The experiment was conducted in didactic laboratory seed testing and in the greenhouse, both located in the municipality of Capao do Leao (RS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and physiological quality of wheat seed produced on time and doses of B application. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications in a factorial arrangement involving application stage (seeding and tillering), and B doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5kg ha-1). The B source utilized was sodium tetraborate (borax), which has 11.5% of B. Boron fertilization applied at sowing and tillering at doses ranging from 2.5kg to 3kg B ha-1 causing an increase in the number of seeds produced per plant and spikes, reduction of seed yield per plant, thousand seed weight and weight hectoliter, no reduction in physiological seed quality of wheat. Wheat plants have a higher absorption of B application on the tillering stage in relation to the stage of sowing.
Large-scale parentage-based tagging and genetic stock identification applied in assessing mixed-stock fisheries and hatchery brood stocks for coho salmon in British Columbia, Canada

Direct DNA sequencing is powering a revolution in the application of genetics to resource management, with parentage-based tagging (PBT) increasingly applied to salmon fisheries and hatchery brood stock management and assessment. Genetic stock identification (GSI) and PBT were applied to assessment of 2018 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) ocean fisheries and hatchery brood stocks in British Columbia (BC), Canada, with 6391 individuals successfully genotyped in fishery samples and 7805 individuals genotyped in 40 hatchery brood stocks. Population-specific contributions to mixed-stock fisheries and exploitation rates were estimated with coded-wire tags (CWTs) and GSI–PBT technologies for six populations. PBT assignments, verified by CWTs, were 100% accurate for 308 individuals with respect to population of origin and age. There was generally reasonably close agreement of estimated population-specific exploitation rates between CWT and genetic methods. We conclude that a genetic approach can improve upon the results available from the current CWT program for assessment and management of coho salmon fisheries and hatchery brood stocks in BC and provide information critical to aid in implementation of Canada’s Policy for Conservation of Wild Pacific Salmon.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Onychostoma leptura and phylogenetic analysis of Onychostoma

Abstract In this study, we first sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of Onychostoma leptura. The complete mitochondrial genome was 16,601 bp in length and included 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), two ribosomal RNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), and one non-coding control region (D-loop). The overall nucleotide composition was A: 31.31%, T: 23.89%, G:16.16%, and C: 28.64%, and the A + T content (55.20%) was much higher than G + C content (44.80%). The phylogenetic tree indicated that nine species belong to Onychostoma in the present study were classified into two clades. These results can provide basic genetic information for population genetic research of O. leptura and phylogenetic analysis of Onychostoma.
Grouping the Gifted and Talented: Are Gifted Girls Most Likely to Suffer the Consequences?

This study analyzes the effects of ability grouping on self-concept measures in a sample of 211 German students in their 1st year at the top track of secondary school (grade level 5; mean age: 10.46 years). 156 students, 55% of whom were female, attended regular classes, while 46 students, of whom 33% were female, attended special classes for the gifted. Students in both groups were assessed repeatedly, 3 times via self-report questionnaires and once by applying a standardized IQ test. In line with our hypotheses, we found that the students in the gifted classes reported a comparable decrease in general academic self-concept, math academic self-concept, and German academic self-concept over time. Decreases were largest early in the academic year. There was no decrease in social self-concept but instead an increase for the students in the gifted group. However, this increase did not persist, so that by the time of the last measurement the gifted reported lower social self-concept than the nongifted. Also in line with our expectations, the decrease in academic self-concept was largest for girls attending special gifted classes. It is worth noting that the largest decrease in academic self-concept of gifted girls occurred before students received any teacher-assigned school grades. As one possible explanation for this finding, the minority status of girls in gifted classes is discussed.
Confidence intervals on stratigraphic ranges

Observed stratigraphic ranges almost always underestimate true longevities. Strauss and Sadler (1987, 1989) provide a method for calculating confidence intervals on the endpoints of local stratigraphic ranges. Their method can also be applied to composite sections; confidence intervals may be placed on times of origin and extinction for entire species or lineages. Confidence interval sizes depend only on the length of the stratigraphic range and the number of fossil horizons. The technique's most important assumptions are that fossil horizons are distributed randomly and that collecting intensity has been uniform over the stratigraphic range. These assumptions are more difficult to test and less likely to be fulfilled for composite sections than for local sections. Confidence intervals give useful baseline estimates of the incompleteness of the fossil record, even if the underlying assumptions cannot be tested. Confidence intervals, which can be very large, should be calculated when the fossil record is used to assess absolute rates of molecular or morphological evolution, especially for poorly preserved groups. Confidence intervals have other functions: to determine how rich the fossil record has to be before radiometric dating errors become the dominant source of error in estimated times of origin or extinction; to predict future fossil finds; to predict which species with fossil records should be extant; and to assess phylogenetic hypotheses and taxonomic assignments.
Kinematic versus mechanical alignment for primary total knee arthroplasty with minimum 2 years follow-up: a systematic review

Purpose: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine whether there are any clinical or radiological differences in mechanically aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) compared with kinematically aligned TKA. Methods: This study included retrospective cohort studies, prospective randomized controlled trials (PRCTs) and prospective cohort studies comparing clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications in TKA with kinematic alignment (KA) and mechanical alignment (MA). All studies had a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Results: Five PRCTs published between 2014 and 2020 were included. These studies showed a low risk of bias and were of very high quality. We did not find a superiority of KA compared to MA technique for clinical and radiological outcomes, except in one study which showed a significant difference favoring KA between the two groups for all clinical scores. Conclusion: We found that KA in TKA achieved clinical and radiological results similar to those of MA. The complication rate was not increased for KA TKAs. Studies with longer follow-up and larger cohorts are required to prove any benefit of KA technique over MA technique.
Households’ Intended Evacuation Transportation Behavior in Response to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazard in a Cascadia Subduction Zone City

Earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone would generate a local tsunami that could arrive at coastlines within minutes. Few studies provide empirical evidence to understand the potential behaviors of local residents during this emergency. To fill this knowledge gap, this study examines residents’ perceptions and intended evacuation behaviors in response to an earthquake and tsunami, utilizing a survey sent to households in Seaside, OR. The results show that the majority of respondents can correctly identify whether their house is inside or outside a tsunami inundation zone. Older respondents are more likely to identify this correctly regardless of any previous disaster evacuation experience or community tenure. The majority of respondents (69%) say they would evacuate in the event of a tsunami. Factors influencing this choice include age, motor ability, access to transportation, and trust in infrastructure resiliency or traffic conditions. While the City of Seaside actively promotes evacuation by foot, 38% of respondents still state they would use a motor vehicle to evacuate. Females and older respondents are more likely to evacuate by foot. Respondents with both higher confidence in their knowledge of disaster evacuation and higher income are more likely to indicate less time needed to evacuate than others. Generally, respondents are more likely to lead rather than follow during an evacuation, especially respondents who report being more prepared for an evacuation and who have a higher perceived risk. This study showcases a unique effort at empirically analyzing human tsunami evacuation lead or follow choice behavior.
The Black Sea Flexopecten species-complex (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae): Shell morphology and 16S rDNA variation

The taxonomic status and population variability of a Black Sea scallop (Flexopecten: Mollusca, Pectinidae) was evaluated in a DNA barcoding study using the 16S ribosomal DNA gene (=16S rDNA), in conjunction with seven morphological features of the shell. We conclude that the Black Sea form represents an eastern extension of the Mediterranean scallop F. glaber (Linnaeus, 1758). It is characterized by a significant lack of genetic variability when compared to the Mediterranean form, although it does contain new haplotypes not found in that species. There is also an increase in the mismatch in the distribution of nucleotides for the Black Sea form when compared with pooled samples of Mediterranean scallop. Plausible reasons for the observed phenomena are hypothesized from the standpoint of the epigenetic theory of evolution and the time since the scallop penetrated into the Black Sea. The lack of genetic variability is potentially due to founder effect and genetic drift.
Uterine Cervical Carcinoma: Evaluation Using Non-Gaussian Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Its Correlation With Histopathological Findings.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess non-Gaussian diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)'s usefulness as a noninvasive method to evaluate tumor invasion depth, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in cervical carcinoma (CC) patients. METHODS Twenty-two consecutive patients with histologically confirmed CC were examined by 1.5-T MRI and non-Gaussian DKI with 4 b values of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 s/mm. Kurtosis (K), diffusivity (D), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were compared with histopathological findings. RESULTS Kurtosis maps revealed the fibrous stroma as a distinct high K zone (1.442 ± 0.373) that was significantly different from values of the cervical mucosa, outer stroma, and parametrium (0.648 ± 0.083, 0.715 ± 0.113, and 0.504 ± 0.060, respectively, P < 0.0001). Kurtosis (1.189 ± 0.228) and D (0.961 ± 0.198 × 10 mm/s) values of all CCs were significantly different from those of all uterine cervical wall layers. Kurtosis and D values were significantly correlated with histological grades of CCs (r = 0.934, P < 0.0001, and r = -0.925, P < 0.0001, respectively), whereas no significant differences were found in ADC values between grades 2 and 3 CCs (P = 0.787). Metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes showed significantly different K (P < 0.0001) and D (P < 0.0001) values; however, their ADC values did not show significant differences (P = 0.437). For differentiating grade 3 CCs from grade 1 or 2 CCs, the areas under the curve for K (0.991, P = 0.0375) and D (0.982, P = 0.0337) values were significantly higher than those for ADC values (0.759). For differentiating metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes, the areas under the curve for K (0.974, P = 0.0028) and D (0.968, P = 0.0018) values were significantly higher than those for ADC (0.596). CONCLUSIONS Non-Gaussian DKI may be clinically useful for noninvasive evaluation of tumor invasion depth, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in CC patients.
Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured DNA-templated polyimidazole nanowire

In this research work, nanostructured DNA-templated polyimidazole nanowires synthesized using simple and low-cost fabrication method that employed DNA as a template on which to carry out the polymerisation was reported. Their chemical properties were probed using different spectroscopic techniques (Ultra-Violet Visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy). Atomic force (AFM) and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) were used to characterize the nanowire dimensions. The techniques proved the formation of a supramolecular hybrid polymer containing DNA and imidazole polymers. The electrical property was measured using probe station. Morphological results exhibit different morphologies with agglomerate nanostructures for the diluted film, while dense rope like network of nanostructures were observed for undiluted templated polymers with diameter of 2-13 nm. Activation energy (Ea) including the uncertainty on it for the Plm/DNA bulk nanowires calculated was 10.6 ± 0.5 × 10−3 J mol−1 equivalents to 0.110 ±0.005 eV which is not surprising because the process is thermally assisted tunneling between localized sites.
Performance validity in the dementia clinic: Specificity of validity tests when used individually and in aggregate across levels of cognitive impairment severity

Abstract Objective This study examined the specificity of both individual PVTs and three different PVT batteries in individuals undergoing neuropsychological evaluation for dementia in order to establish both appropriate individual test cutoffs and multiple-PVT failure criterion. Methods Participants were 311 validly performing patients with no cognitive impairment (n = 24), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 115), mild dementia (n = 122), or moderate dementia (n = 50). Cutoffs associated with ≥90% specificity were established for 11 individual PVTs across impairment severity groups. Aggregate false positive rates according to number of PVTs failed were examined for two 4-PVT batteries and one 7-PVT battery. One-way ANOVAs with post-hoc comparisons were conducted for each PVT. Results Performance on 9 of 11 PVTs significantly differed according to impairment severity. PVT cutoffs achieving ≥90% specificity also generally varied by group. For PVTs previously validated in non-dementia samples, slight adjustments from established cutoffs were generally required to maintain adequate specificity in MCI and mild dementia groups, with greater modifications required in the moderate dementia group. A criterion of ≥2 PVT failures resulted in ≥90% specificity in both 4-PVT batteries across groups. In the 7-PVT battery, adequate specificity was achieved with ≥2 failures in MCI and ≥3 failures in the mild dementia group. Conclusions The incorporation and interpretation of several easily assimilated multiple-PVT batteries in dementia evaluations are explored. Additionally, data regarding individual PVT performance according to cognitive impairment severity are provided to aide validity assessment of both patients undergoing dementia evaluation and examinees who are less impaired.
Intraoperative assessment and reporting of radical prostatectomy specimens to guide nerve‐sparing surgery in prostate cancer patients (NeuroSAFE)

Radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer is frequently complicated by urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Nerve‐sparing surgery reduces the risk of postoperative complications and can be optimised by the use of intraoperative frozen sections of the adjacent neurovascular structure (NeuroSAFE). The aims of this study were to evaluate the pathological outcomes of the NeuroSAFE technique and to develop a comprehensive algorithm for intraoperative clinical decision‐making.
Seasonal Variation of Critical Thermal Limits and Temperature Tolerance in Formosan and Eastern Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Abstract Critical temperatures and the upper lethal limit (ULL) of field collected workers of Formosan subterranean, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, and eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), were measured monthly from September 2001 to August 2002. Monthly mean critical thermal maxima (CTMa), ULL, and critical thermal minimum (CTMin) fluctuated significantly throughout the year. Seasonal variations of CTMax and ULL of both species were slightly, but significantly, statistically correlated with seasonal variation of habitat soil temperatures at 15-cm depth. Regression analyses revealed a significant linear relationship between CTMin and habitat temperatures for both termites as well. The two termite species responded positively to temperature changes in a similar manner. The values of all three parameters were significantly greater for C. formosanus (CTMax: 44.8–45.9°C, ULL: 49.1–50.4°C, CTMin: 7.2–9.0°C) than R. flavipes (CTMax: 43.5–44.9°C, ULL: 46.9–48.3°C, CTMin: 1.0–4.9°C). R. flavipes had a wider range between the upper and lower critical temperatures than C. formosanus. The three thermal tolerance parameters were not correlated with worker body mass. The significance of the critical and lethal temperatures and comparisons with previous studies are discussed.
Profil Literasi Sains dan Model Pembelajaran dapat Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Sains

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui profil kemampuan Literasi Sains dan Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Penemuan Terbimbing Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Sains Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas VIII SMPN di Mataram. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitaif. Tempat pelaksanaan di SMPN di Kota Mataram. Populasi penelitian semua peserta didik SMP di Kota Mataram tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel penelitian ini adalah purposif sampling dengan alasan keterbatasan waktu pelaksanaan penelitian. Jumlah sekolah yang digunakan sebagai sampel sejumlah 6 sekolah. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui observasi, angket, wawancara, dan dokumen. Analisis data kualitatif; Mengeksplor arti umum data; interpretasi penemuan; validasi penemuan. Pengumpulan data kuantitatif melalui pos tes dengan instrumen yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Data berupa angka atau skor hasil pos tes kemampuan literasi sains dengan uji manova menggunakan program SPSS versi 18. Hasil menunjukan capaian kemampuan literasi sains sisa pada kategori sangat tinggi memiliki persentase sebesar 0,0%, kategori tinggi sebesar 3,6%, kategori sedang sebesar 48,2%, kategori rendah sebesar 13,4%, dan kategori sangat rendah sebesar 34,8%. Terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing terhadap kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik di SMP Mataram. Kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik SMP termasuk rendah dan penerapan pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dapat meningkatkan kemampaun literasi sains.
Paeonol exerts anti-tumor activity against colorectal cancer cells by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis via inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Paeonol is a simple phenolic compound isolated from herbal root bark, which has been reported to possess numerous biological and pharmacological characteristics, including a desirable anti-tumor effect. To date, the effect of paeonol against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells is yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the underlying mechanism via which paeonol exerts its anti-tumor activity on HCT116 cells. After incubation with various concentrations of paeonol (7.8125, 15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 µg/ml), the inhibitory effect of paeonol on cell viability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were measured using flow cytometry. Moreover, caspase activity was measured using a colorimetric caspase assay. Luciferase assay was also used to determine the β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activity of T-cell specific transcription factor/lymphoid-enhancer binding factor (TCF/LEF), and western blotting analysis was performed to measure the related expression of proteins. The results indicated that paeonol exhibited a notable effect against HCT116 cells by inducing G0/G1-phase arrest, as demonstrated by downregulation of the cell cycle regulators cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21Cip1 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, paeonol dose-dependently induced cell apoptosis, accompanied by an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, release of cytochrome c and further activation of caspases. Paeonol also dose-dependently blocked the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by suppressing the expression of β-catenin, resulting in a decrease in β-catenin-mediated activity of TCF/LEF and downregulation of downstream target genes, including cyclin D1, survivin and c-Myc. Therefore, the present results suggested that paeonol exerted its anti-tumor effects on CRC cells, including the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest and initiation of apoptosis, at least partly by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for CRC.
Variable clinical expression of Stickler Syndrome: A case report of a novel COL11A1 mutation

Stickler Syndrome is a rare connective tissue disorder, characterized by clinical, and genetic heterogeneity. The clinical expression is highly variable, including moderate to severe myopia in childhood, hearing loss, facial dysmorphic features, cleft palate, and early osteoarthritis. COL2A1, COL11A1, and COL11A2 mutations account of the majority of autosomal dominant Stickler Syndrome and, in particular, a heterozygous mutation in COL11A1 gene is identified in about 10 to 20% of Stickler Syndrome patients.
Inter- and Intra-cropping of vegetables in castor (Ricinus communis) on Inceptisols of dryland conditions

A field experiment was conducted at Dry Farmmg Research Station, Solapur, during the rainy seasons of 1995-2001, to study creeper and bushy-type vegetable crops in castor (Ricinus communis L.) to find out vegetable crop suitable for intra and intercropping in castor on lnceptisols of dryland conditions. lntercropping of castor + clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. ] in 1 :2 row proportion gave significantly highest monetary returns (Rs 15,3081ha) over rest of the treatments except castor + ridge gourd [Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. ] intra-cropping system (Rs 13,312lha) which was on a par with castor + clusterbean (1:2). The mean seed yield of sole castor was 653/ha, which was more than rest of the cropping systems, though the monetary returns were only Rs 8,4891ha. The next best was castor + ridge gourd intra-cropping system (581 kglha). Amongst all the vegetables, ridge gourd showed higher moisture-use efficiency (3.81 kglhdmm) followed by vegetable clusterbean (3.60 kglhdmm). Inter- cropping of castor + clusterbean in 1 :2 row proportion recorded the highest sustainable value index (0.84), while castor + ridge gourd intra-cropping was next best system (0.79). The benefit : cost ratio was highest in intra-crop- ping of castor + ridge gourd (2.13) and castor + clusterbean intercropping system (1.87).