Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic Characterisation of Canis Familiaris Papillomavirus Type 24, a Novel Papillomavirus Associated with Extensive Pigmented Plaque Formation in a Pug Dog

Numerous large dark plaques developed over the ventrum, legs and head of a 9-year-old pug dog over a 4-year-period. Histology confirmed a diagnosis of viral pigmented plaque and a short section of a novel papillomavirus (PV) type was amplified using consensus PCR primers. Taking advantage of the circular nature of PV DNA, ‘outward facing’ PCR primers allowed amplification of the full sequence. As this is the 24th PV known to infect dogs, the novel PV was designated canine papillomavirus (CPV) type 24. The CPV24 genome contained putative coding regions for 5 early proteins and 2 late ones. The CPV24 open reading frame L1 showed the highest (78.2%) similarity to CPV4 and phylogenetic analysis showed that CPV24 clustered with CPV4 and CPV16 suggesting CPV24 is the third species 2 Chipapillomavirus type identified in dogs. This is the third report of extensive pigmented plaques covering a high proportion of the skin. Both previous cases were caused CPV4 and, considering the high genetic similarity between CPV4 and CP24, infection by these CPV types may predispose to more severe clinical disease. In addition, as plaques caused by CPV16 appear more likely to progress to neoplasia, the detection of a species 2 Chipapillomavirus within a pigmented plaque may indicate the potential for more severe disease.
A generalized Bondi accretion model for the galactic centre

We develop an analytic, steady-state model for the gas environment in quiescent galactic nuclei. We assume that the mass is constantly supplied by a spherically symmetric distribution of wind emitting stars, and that gravity is solely due to a central supermassive black hole. We show that at some finite radius, where the Keplerian velocity is comparable to the wind velocity, the bulk velocity vanishes. Matter generated below that radius will be accreted onto the black hole, while matter outside it will escape the system. Under certain conditions, the flow may become supersonic at both domains. We obtain radial profiles of the hydrodynamic variables and verify them using a time-dependent hydrodynamic simulation. We delineate the conditions under which radiative cooling can be neglected, and predict the luminosity and spectrum of the free-free X-ray emission from such a system. We discuss applications of our solution to our own Galactic Centre and other quiescent galactic nuclei.
Neural Component of the Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, with a poor prognosis and an increasing incidence. Recently, the tumor microenvironment, including its neural component, has gained the attention of cancer researchers. Neural regulation of pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis is, however, poorly understood. Only lately have the diversified autonomic nerve fibers been noticed in cancer research. Targeting sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in various malignancies, including PDAC, may bring new therapies into clinical practice. Omnipresent perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer is associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, novel quantification with a distinction between perineural and endoneural invasion could help stratify the risk of relapse and mortality for patients with this cancer. Newly described biologic phenomena—cancer-related axonogenesis and neurogenesis—are understudied in pancreatic cancer. This review aims to summarize and integrate the role of nerves in PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive primary malignancy of the pancreas, with a dismal prognosis and limited treatment options. It possesses a unique tumor microenvironment (TME), generating dense stroma with complex elements cross-talking with each other to promote tumor growth and progression. Diversified neural components makes for not having a full understanding of their influence on its aggressive behavior. The aim of the study was to summarize and integrate the role of nerves in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. The role of autonomic nerve fibers on PDAC development has been recently studied, which resulted in considering the targeting of sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways as a novel treatment opportunity. Perineural invasion (PNI) is commonly found in PDAC. As the severity of the PNI correlates with a poorer prognosis, new quantification of this phenomenon, distinguishing between perineural and endoneural invasion, could feature in routine pathological examination. The concepts of cancer-related neurogenesis and axonogenesis in PDAC are understudied; so, further research in this field may be warranted. A better understanding of the interdependence between the neural component and cancer cells in the PDAC microenvironment could bring new nerve-oriented treatment options into clinical practice and improve outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer. In this review, we aim to summarize and integrate the current state of knowledge and future challenges concerning nerve–cancer interactions in PDAC.
Peer leaders in reproductive health: A job that ended up much more

Objective: Adolescents’ unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections have a significant impact on the individuals themselves and on society. Peer leaders are students trained to become role models and leaders who promote positive behaviour change in their schools and community. A few studies have examined the effects of taking the role of peer leaders on the teenagers themselves including the long-term benefits. The aim of this study was to enhance understanding of the peer leader experience as it relates to peer leaders themselves and to explore the lasting impact of their experience. Design: The study used an exploratory qualitative design. Setting: Included peer leaders were employed by a non-profit organisation working with Southeastern Massachusetts communities with a high teenage pregnancy rate. Methods: Qualitative research included individual semi-structured interviews with 18 past and present peer leaders. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were coded and analysed for common themes. Results: Being a peer leader was a life-changing experience. The benefits varied from learning reproductive health content to developing life skills, friendships and long-lasting career-related skills. Being a member of a peer leader group provided an instant support group and a new circle of friends as well as a purpose. It also removed peer leaders from health risk behaviours. Their experience assisting others in need was rewarding as well as being a confidence builder. Through community service, the peer leaders changed their perceptions about and towards the needs of the people residing in their community. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the value of incorporating peer leaders in sexual and reproductive health programmes. The peer leader programme examined was not only instrumental in providing education in sexual health but it also created change in the lives of the peer leaders themselves, their families and communities.
Beyond the halo: redefining environment with unbound matter in N-body simulations

Approximately half of the matter in the Universe is "unbound" at z = 0, according to N-body simulations such as the Millennium Run. Here, we use the milli-Millennium simulation to examine the distribution of unbound matter in relation to the dark matter halos which host galaxies. We measure the unbound matter within two types of windows, using a halo dependent radius and a fixed radius at several different scales. We also consider the timescales over which a halo can accrete the local unbound matter at z = 2 and z = 0. Finally, we compare the unbound matter to observable properties of galaxies, such as local galaxy count environment and stellar mass. We find that halos at z = 2 can accrete far more of the nearby unbound matter over a Hubble time than halos at z = 0 and that 78% of particles within 5 $R_{vir}$ of a halo at z = 2 will be accreted by z = 0, compared to 36% of particles within 5 $h^{-1}$ Mpc of the halo. We also find that galaxy count environment is closely related to the amount of nearby unbound matter when measured on the same scale.
The Prognostic Significance and Potential Mechanism of Prolyl 3-Hydroxylase 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1 (P3H1) is essential for human collagen synthesis. Here, we investigated its relevance to multiple cancers, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Methods We estimated the relationship of P3H1 with 33 cancers using publicly available databases. And immunohistochemistry was utilized to verify the P3H1 expression in liver, gastric, colon, pancreatic, and rectal cancer. Then, we attenuated P3H1 expression in BEL-7402 and HLF cells by lentivirus technology and assessed the effect of P3H1 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Results Bioinformatic analysis revealed a significantly higher expression of P3H1 in almost all tumors, which was consistent with the immunohistochemical findings in the liver, gastric, colon, pancreatic, and rectal cancers. P3H1 expression was associated with overall survival, progression-free interval, disease-specific survival, and disease-free interval in most cancers, particularly in LIHC. Besides, we also found that P3H1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for LIHC. And knockdown of P3H1 significantly reduced liver cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in liver cancer cells. Interestingly, P3H1 expression levels showed a significant positive connection with Th2 infiltration through multiple immune infiltration algorithms. ICI treatment was less effective in LIHC patients with high P3H1 expression. Finally, we also identified an upstream regulatory mechanism of P3H1 in LIHC, namely, AL355488.1, HCG18, and THUMPD3-AS1/hsa-miR-29c-3p-P3H1 axis. Conclusion We have systematically described for the first time that P3H1 is closely related to various tumors, particularly in LIHC, and interference with P3H1 may be a therapeutic target for patients with LIHC.
Surgery on tori in the 4–sphere

Abstract We investigate the operation of torus surgery on tori embedded in S 4. Key questions include which 4–manifolds can be obtained in this way, and the uniqueness of such descriptions. As an application we construct embeddings of 3–manifolds into 4–manifolds by viewing Dehn surgery as a cross section of a surgery on a surface. In particular, we give new embeddings of homology spheres into S 4.
A Significant Overluminosity in the Transiting Brown Dwarf CWW 89Ab

We observed eclipses of the transiting brown dwarf CWW 89Ab at 3.6 and 4.5 μm using Spitzer/IRAC. The CWW 89 binary system is a member of the 3.0 ± 0.25 Gyr old open cluster Ruprecht 147 and is composed of a Sun-like primary and an early M-dwarf secondary separated by a projected distance of 25 au. CWW 89Ab has a radius of 0.937 ± 0.042 and a mass of 36.5 ± 0.1 , and is on a 5.3 day orbit about CWW 89A with a non-zero eccentricity of e = 0.19. We strongly detect the eclipses of CWW 89Ab in both Spitzer channels as δ3.6 = 1147 ± 213 ppm and δ4.5 = 1097 ± 225 ppm after correcting for the dilution from CWW 89B. After accounting for the irradiation that CWW 89Ab receives from its host star, these measurements imply that the brown dwarf has an internal luminosity of . This is 16 times, or 9. 3σ, higher than model predictions given the known mass, radius, and age of CWW 89Ab. As we discuss, this overluminosity is explainable neither by an inaccurate age determination, nor additional stellar heating, nor tidal heating. Instead, we suggest that the anomalous luminosity of CWW 89Ab is caused by a dayside temperature inversion—though a significant error in the evolutionary models is also a possibility. Importantly, a temperature inversion would require a superstellar C/O ratio in CWW 89Ab’s atmosphere. If this is indeed the case, it implies that CWW 89Ab is a 36.5 object that formed via core accretion processes. Finally, we use our measurement of CWW 89Ab’s orbital eccentricity, improved via these observations, to constrain the tidal quality factors of the brown dwarf and the host star CWW 89A to be and , respectively.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Pakistan: A Multicentric, Prospective, Survey-Based Study

This study aimed to assess the vaccination status and factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in the largest province of Pakistan. A multicentric, prospective, survey-based study using an interviewer-administered tool was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics between 1 December 2021 through 30 January 2022 across seven hospitals in Pakistan. The healthcare professionals providing care at the participating hospitals administered the survey. Four hundred and five pregnant women fully consented and completed the study. The majority of the study participants (70.6%, n = 286) were aged between 25 and 34 and had a previous successful pregnancy history. More than half of the study participants (56.0%, n = 227) did not receive COVID-19 vaccination at the time of data collection despite their family members (93.9%, n = 372) had already received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Among those who received COVID-19 vaccination (n = 173), vaccine efficacy, protection for the foetus, and risk of COVID-19-associated hospitalisation were the main driving factors for vaccine hesitancy. The majority of the unvaccinated women (77.8%, n = 182) had no intention of receiving the vaccine. However, more than two-thirds (85.7%, n = 342) consulted the doctor about COVID-19 vaccines, and most were recommended to receive COVID-19 vaccines by the doctors (80.7%, n = 280). Women were significantly more likely to be vaccinated if they had employment (odds ratio [OR] 4.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.31–8.64) compared with their counterparts who were homemakers, consulted their doctors (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04–0.35), and if they did not have pregnancy-related issues (OR 6.02, 95% CI: 2.36–15.33). In this study, vaccine hesitancy was prevalent, and vaccine uptake was low among pregnant women. Education and employment did impact COVID vaccination uptake, emphasising the need for more targeted efforts to enhance the trust in vaccines.
Misophonia: Prevalence, impact and co-morbidity among Mysore University students in India - A survey

Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder in which certain sounds trigger an intensely emotional or physiological response caused by an increased autonomic nervous system reaction to the triggers. Misophonia is a relatively new condition, and the assessment and management of this condition are not known yet. The epidemiological data of misophonia in the Indian scenario is unknown, without which better planning evaluation and management is not possible. Hence, our study aims to determine the prevalence of misophonia and its impact and co-morbidity among Mysore university students in India. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 172 students of Mysore University between the age ranges of 18 to 30 years through an online survey mode. The Amsterdam Misophonia Questionnaire (A-MISO-S) and Misophonia Assessment Questionnaire (MAQ) have been used to find the prevalence and severity of misophonia. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 25.0 software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a chi-square test to determine the variables' association. The prevalence of misophonia among Mysore university students has been documented. Almost 48.27% of participants reported misophonia symptoms, and 23.28% reported clinically significant misophonia. The result showed that misophonia could occur in isolation or with a co-morbid condition such as tinnitus and hyperacusis. Statistical analysis showed no association between gender and the occurrence of misophonia. Misophonia is a prevalent neurophysiological condition with a significant impact on the quality of life of the sufferers. This is the first study of this kind in an Indian scenario and can be a guiding tool for researchers to know about the prevalence of misophonia, its impact, and co-morbidity among the sufferers.
Composition and P-T conditions of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Azimuth 125º Lineament, Northern and Southern Brazil: constraints from peridotite xenoliths enclosed in diamond-bearing kimberlites

We present new petrographic and chemical data together with calculated P-T equilibrium conditions of peridotite xenoliths enclosed in kimberlites from Rondônia, Northern Brazil (Cosmos-1 and Carolina-1) and Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil (Canastra-1) located in the Azimuth 125º Lineament. The composition of the mantle minerals is distinct in both areas, which can be related to the diversity of the lithospheric mantle beneath the southwestern portion of the Amazonian Craton and the Brasília Belt. New and compiled chemical data indicate that subcalcic G10 garnet occurs in samples from the Canastra-1 kimberlite and other occurrences of the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province and can be related to the remnants of the Archean lithospheric mantle of the São Francisco Craton beneath the area. The garnets from Rondônia are mostly G5 (pyroxenitic) and G9 (lherzolitic) with a higher abundance of G3 (eclogitic) and G4 (pyroxenitic/eclogitic) relative to the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province. Higher pressures and temperatures were calculated for the samples from Rondônia (40-60 kbar and 1030- 1380 ºC) compared to samples from Minas Gerais (25-40 kbar and 730-1000 ºC). The peridotite xenoliths from Rondônia show P-T equilibrium conditions in the diamond stability field and can be the source of at least part of the diamond from the area. The P-T stability fields of the xenoliths from both locations are aligned close to the 40 mW/m2 geotherm. The data indicate that the cratonic 40 mW/m2 geothermal gradient in Rondônia may be related to a process of thermal relaxation of the lithospheric mantle after the Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic tectonothermal events of the southwestern Amazonian Craton until the sampling of the xenoliths by the magma in the Permian-Triassic.
Reputational impact of Covid‐19 pandemic management on World Health Organization among Indian public health professionals

Organizational reputation is critical for successful stakeholder engagement. A crisis can affect the organizational reputation and alter stakeholder perception about organizations. The current study investigates the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic and its management on the World Health Organization's (WHO's) reputation among Indian public health professionals (PHPs). The study applies the situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) model to investigate the reputational impact of the pandemic on WHO among the study subjects. The study results indicate that most Indian PHPs attribute the current Pandemic to WHO. Their current reputation has dropped compared to their earlier reputation among Indian PHPs. The same is reflected in their behavioral intent, with the PHP's willingness to follow WHO guidelines on public health issues significantly reduced. The study also finds empirical support for the SCCT Model.
The Clustering Properties of Faint Galaxies

The two-point angular correlation function of galaxies, \wte, has been computed from a new survey of faint galaxies covering a 2 deg$^2$ area near the North Galactic Pole. This survey, which is complete to limiting magnitudes \jmag=24 and \fmag=23, samples angular scales as large as $1\degpoint5$. Faint galaxies are found to be more weakly clustered (by a factor of at least two) compared to galaxies observed locally. Clustering amplitudes are closer to model predictions in the red than in the blue. The weak clustering of faint galaxies cannot be explained by any plausible model of clustering evolution with redshift. However, one possible explanation of the clustering properties of intermediate redshift galaxies is that they resemble those of starburst galaxies and H II region galaxies, which are observed locally to possess weak clustering amplitudes. Our clustering amplitudes are also similar to those of nearby late-type galaxies, which are observed to be more weakly clustered than early-type galaxies A simple, self-consistent model is presented that predicts the fraction of galaxies in the ``excess'' population at intermediate redshifts, and correctly matches observed color distributions. The available data on the clustering properties of faint galaxies are consistent with this model if the ``excess'' population of faint blue galaxies is also the weakly clustered population. Evidence is presented that the power-law slope of the angular correlation function becomes shallower at fainter magnitudes. A similar effect is seen locally both for dwarf galaxies and for galaxies with late morphological type;
XBootes: An X-Ray Survey of the NDWFS Bootes Field. I. Overview and Initial Results

We obtained a 5 ks deep Chandra X-ray Observatory ACIS-I map of the 9.3 deg2 Bootes field of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey. Here we describe the data acquisition and analysis strategies leading to a catalog of 4642 (3293) point sources with 2 or more (4 or more) counts, corresponding to a limiting flux of roughly 4(8) × 10-15 ergs cm-2 s-1 in the 0.5-7 keV band. These Chandra XBootes data are unique in that they constitute the widest contiguous X-ray field yet observed to such a faint flux limit. Because of the extraordinarily low background of the ACIS, we expect only 14% (0.7%) of the sources to be spurious. We also detected 43 extended sources in this survey. The distribution of the point sources among the 126 pointings (ACIS-I has a 16′ × 16′ field of view) is consistent with Poisson fluctuations about the mean of 36.8 sources per pointing. While a smoothed image of the point source distribution is clumpy, there is no statistically significant evidence of large-scale filamentary structure. We do find however, that for θ > 1′, the angular correlation function of these sources is consistent with previous measurements, following a power law in angle with slope ~-0.7. In a 1.4 deg2 sample of the survey, approximately 87% of the sources with 4 or more counts have an optical counterpart to R ~ 26 mag. As part of a larger program of optical spectroscopy of the NDWFS Bootes area, spectra have been obtained for ~900 of the X-ray sources, most of which are quasars or active galactic nuclei.
Two-Dimensional Attenuation and Velocity Tomography of Iran

Seismic bulletin data collected by the Iranian Seismological Center are used to image crust and mantle seismic attenuation, group velocity, and phase velocities for Lg, Pg, Sn, and Pn phases. This is possible because the peak amplitude time is picked, and amplitude measurements can be associated with the phase based on travel time plots. The group velocity is the apparent velocity of the maximum amplitude arrival and represents the combined effect of phase velocity and seismic scattering. Thus, it can be used in combination with the attenuation to identify where scattering attenuation is dominant. The Arabian–Iranian plate boundary separates low-velocity Zagros sediments from central Iran; however, in the mantle, it separates a high-velocity Arabian shield from central Iran. Scattering attenuation is low within the Arabian mantle and crust, and the Zagros sediments do not cause Lg or Pg attenuation. The Eocene Urumieh Dokhtar Magmatic Arc has high attenuation within both the crust and mantle, and while there is no partial melting in the crust, there may be some in the mantle. The northern Eocene Sistan Suture Zone shows particularly high attenuation that is accompanied by high scattering. It represents an incompletely closed ocean basin that has undergone intense alteration. The Alborz Mountains have high attenuation with some scattering.