Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Role of mTOR and P-mTOR for Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR) are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the association between mTOR/p-mTOR expression and NSCLC patients’ prognosis remains controversial. Thus, a meta-analysis of existing studies evaluating the prognostic role of mTOR/p-mTOR expression for NSCLC was conducted. Materials and Methods A systemically literature search was performed via Pubmed, Embase, Medline as well as CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). Studies were included that reported the hazard ratio (HR) and 95%CI for the association between mTOR/p-mTOR expression and NSCLC patients’ survival. Random-effects model was used to pool HRs. Results Ten eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis, with 4 about m-TOR and 7 about p-mTOR. For mTOR, the pooled HR of overall survival (OS) was 1.00 (95%CI 0.5 to 1.99) by univariate analysis and 1.22 (95%CI 0.53 to 2.82) by multivariate analysis. For p-mTOR, the pooled HR was 1.39 (95%CI 0.97 to 1.98) by univariate analysis and 1.42 (95%CI 0.56 to 3.60) by multivariate analysis. Conclusion The results indicated that no statistically significant association was found between mTOR/p-mTOR expression and NSCLC patients’ prognosis.
Network aware time management and event distribution

We discuss new synchronization algorithms for parallel and distributed discrete event simulations (PDES) which exploit the capabilities and behavior of the underlying communications network. Previous work in this area has assumed the network to be a black box which provides a one-to-one, reliable and in-order message passing paradigm. In our work, we utilize the broadcast capability of the ubiquitous Ethernet for synchronization computations, and both unreliable and reliable protocols for message passing, to achieve more efficient communications between the participating systems. We describe two new algorithms for computation of a distributed snapshot of global reduction operations on monotonically increasing values. The algorithms require O(N) messages (where N is the number of systems participating in the snapshot) in the normal case. We specifically target the use of this algorithm for distributed discrete event simulations to determine a global lower bound on time-stamp (LETS), but expect the algorithm has applicability outside the simulation community.
Succinylcholine‐Induced Increases in Plasma Catecholamine Levels in Humans

Given the hypothesis that interaction of succinylcholine with nicotinic receptors releases endogenous catecholamines, plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine were determined in anesthetized and manually ventilated patients immediately before and 2 mm after intravenous administration of succinylcholine. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous thiopental (3–4 mg/kg) followed by the administration of nitrous oxide and oxygen (1:1) and 0.5–1.0% halothane. Stimulation of the patients was avoided. Succinylcholine (1 mglkg) or metocurine (0.3 mg/kg) was injected intravenously and ventilation was controlled without intubation. Plasma norepinephrine levels increased from 301 pg/ml to 491 pg/ml (SEM = ±19 pg/ml, P < 0.01, N = 5) 2 min after the injection of succinylcholine; the increase in plasma epinephrine was not statistically significant. The time course of catecholamine elevation was studied in three additional patients. The increase of norepinephrine occurred immediately after the injection of succinylcholine, peaked (647 ± 67 pg/ml) around the third minute, and disappeared by the 10th min. The increase in epinephrine was less marked. Plasma levels of catecholamines did not change after the injection of metocurine (N = 2). The possibility that succinylcholine stimulates nicotinic receptors on the postganglionic sympathetic terminals is discussed. We propose that the elevation of plasma norepinephrine might contribute to the development of early adverse cardiovascular reactions to succinylcholine.
Hamiltonian formulation and analysis of a collisionless fluid reconnection model

The Hamiltonian formulation of a plasma four-field fluid model that describes collisionless reconnection is presented. The formulation is noncanonical with a corresponding Lie–Poisson bracket. The bracket is used to obtain new independent families of invariants, so-called Casimir invariants, three of which are directly related to Lagrangian invariants of the system. The Casimirs are used to obtain a variational principle for equilibrium equations that generalize the Grad–Shafranov equation to include flow. Dipole and homogeneous equilibria are constructed. The linear dynamics of the latter is treated in detail in a Hamiltonian context: canonically conjugate variables are obtained; the dispersion relation is analyzed and exact thresholds for spectral stability are obtained; the canonical transformation to normal form is described; an unambiguous definition of negative energy modes is given; and thresholds sufficient for energy-Casimir stability are obtained. The Hamiltonian formulation is also used to obtain an expression for the collisionless conductivity and it is further used to describe the linear growth and nonlinear saturation of the collisionless tearing mode.
Design and Initial Results of a Multi-Phase Randomized Trial of Ceftriaxone in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Objectives Ceftriaxone increases expression of the astrocytic glutamate transporter, EAAT2, which might protect from glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. A trial using a novel three stage nonstop design, incorporating Phases I-III, tested ceftriaxone in ALS. Stage 1 determined the cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in subjects with ALS. Stage 2 evaluated safety and tolerability for 20-weeks. Analysis of the pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety was used to determine the ceftriaxone dosage for Stage 3 efficacy testing. Methods In Stage 1, 66 subjects at ten clinical sites were enrolled and randomized equally into three study groups receiving intravenous placebo, ceftriaxone 2 grams daily or ceftriaxone 4 grams daily divided BID. Participants provided serum and cerebrospinal fluid for pharmacokinetic analysis on study day 7. Participants continued their assigned treatment in Stage 2. The Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) reviewed the data after the last participants completed 20 weeks on study drug. Results Stage 1 analysis revealed linear pharmacokinetics, and CSF trough levels for both dosage levels exceeding the pre-specified target trough level of 1 µM (0.55 µg/mL). Tolerability (Stages 1 and 2) results showed that ceftriaxone at dosages up to 4 grams/day was well tolerated at 20 weeks. Biliary adverse events were more common with ceftriaxone but not dose-dependent and improved with ursodeoxycholic (ursodiol) therapy. Conclusions The goals of Stages 1 and 2 of the ceftriaxone trial were successfully achieved. Based on the pre-specified decision rules, the DSMB recommended the use of ceftriaxone 4 g/d (divided BID) for Stage 3, which recently closed. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00349622.
Likelihood of COVID-19 reinfection in an urban community cohort in Massachusetts Dialogues in Health

Background: Understanding the association of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with subsequent reinfection has public health relevance. Objective: To explore COVID-19 severity and SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection rates. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Participants: visited the emergency department, 13% were hospitalized, and 4% received critical care. Healthcare utilization was higher during Period-1 than Period-2 (22.9% vs. 18.9% emergency department use, 14.7% vs. 9.9% hospitalization, 5.5% vs. 2.5% critical care; p < 0.001). Reinfection was assessed among 8961 patients with a SARS-CoV-2 test or COVID-19 diagnosis in Period-1 who underwent additional testing in Period-2. A total of 2.7% ( n = 65/2431) with SARS-CoV-2 in Period-1 tested positive in Period-2, compared with 12.6% ( n = 821/6530) of those who initially tested negative (IRR of reinfection = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.15 – 0.25). Conclusions: Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection among this observational cohort was associated with an 81% lower reinfec- tion rate. plications, diabetes without chronic complications; Hematologic disorder: coagulation de ﬁ ciency, de ﬁ ciency anemias; Hypertension: hypertension compli- cated, hypertension uncomplicated; Neurologic disorder: neurologic disorders, pa-ralysis; Psychiatric disorder: psychoses, depression; Pulmonary disease: chronic pulmonary disease, pulmonary circulation disorders; Renal disease: ﬂ uid and electrolyte disorders, renal failure; Substance use disorder: alcohol abuse, drug abuse. Comorbidity
Soil organic carbon sequestration in olive groves of Andalusia: effect of the managements on soil organic carbon dynamics

espanolEsta tesis evalua el efecto de distintos manejos agricolas sostenibles en el olivar andaluz en la acumulacion del carbono organico y sus distintas fracciones en el suelo. Particularmente, se ha centrado en el mantenimiento de la cubierta vegetal en la entrecalle del olivar. Ademas, se han evaluado tambien los efectos positivos del mantenimiento de la cubierta vegetal en olivares en pendiente en lo referido a la reduccion de las perdidas de carbono organico en el suelo por erosion hidrica. Los estudios en campo y en el laboratorio se han complementado con la aplicacion de un modelo (RothC) que permitio evaluar el contenido de carbono organico en el suelo tras 100 anos tras el cambio de un manejo convencional a otros sostenibles. Por otra parte, se realizo un meta-analisis que evaluo la capacidad de secuestro de carbono de los suelos de cultivos lenosos mediterraneos. EnglishThis thesis assesses the effect of the different management practices in Andalusian olive groves on the soil organic carbon accumulation, and also on its different fractions. Particularly, it has been focused on allowing the growth of a spontaneous vegetation cover in the inter-row area. Moreover, it has been also evaluated the positive effects of this practice on decreasing soil losses caused by water erosion in high-slope olive groves. Field and laboratory studies have been combined with the running of a model (RothC), which allowed to assess the soil organic carbon content after 100 years after changing the management from conventional to some sustainable managements. Otherwise, a meta-analysis has been also carried out in order to find out the carbon sequestration ability of Mediterranean woody crop soils.
Morphological variation in Atractustartarus (Serpentes:Dipsadidae) from the Xingu River, east Amazon, Brazil andpreliminary phylogenetic relationship in Atractus

Currently are recognized 138 species in the genus Atractus, distributed from the eastern region of the Isthmus of Panama to northern Argentina. In recent years, many species have been described based on external morphological differences and hemipenis. Here we described the variation in meristic character in the newly described specie Atractus tartarus from the eastern Brazilian Amazon from the Xingu region. Additionally we present a preliminary hypothesis of relationship with your relatives, based on marker 16SmtDNA. Keyword: Molecular, Snakes, Atractus tartarus. Abbreviations: Snout-Vent Length (SVL); Total Length (TTL); Tail Length (TL); Head Width (HW) defined as the widest part of the head; Head length (HL), definite the tip of the rostral scale to the joint angle of the square bone.
Scheduling Heterogeneous Real-Time Traffic Over Fading Wireless Channels

We develop a general approach for designing scheduling policies for real-time traffic over wireless channels. We extend prior work, which characterizes a real-time flow by its traffic pattern, delay bound, timely throughput requirement, and channel reliability, to allow clients to have different deadlines and allow a variety of channel models. In particular, our extended model consider scenarios where channel qualities are time-varying, the access point may not have explicit information on channel qualities, and the access point may or may not employ rate adaptation. Thus, our model allows the treatment of more realistic fading channels as well as scenarios with mobile nodes and the usage of more general transmission strategies. We derive a sufficient condition for a scheduling policy to be feasibility optimal, and thereby establish a class of feasibility optimal policies. We demonstrate the utility of the identified class by deriving a feasibility optimal policy for the scenario with rate adaptation, time-varying channels, and heterogeneous delay bounds. When rate adaptation is not available, we also derive feasibility optimal policies for both scenarios where the access point may or may not have explicit knowledge on channel qualities. For the scenario where rate adaptation is not available but clients have different delay bounds, we describe a heuristic. Simulation results are also presented, which indicate the usefulness of the scheduling policies for more realistic and complex scenarios.
New Phases and Dissociation-Recombination of Hydrogen Deuteride to 3.4 Mbar.

We present infrared absorption studies of solid hydrogen deuteride to pressures as high as 340 GPa (100 GPa=1 Mbar) in a diamond anvil cell and temperatures in the range 5-295 K. Above 198 GPa the HD sample transforms to a mixture of HD, H_{2}, and D_{2}, interpreted as a process of dissociation and recombination. Three new phase lines are observed, two of which differ remarkably from those of the high-pressure homonuclear species, but none are metallic. The time-dependent spectral changes are analyzed to determine the molecular concentrations as a function of time; the nucleon exchange achieves steady state concentrations in ∼20 h at ∼200 GPa.
Focal Myopathy as a Cause of Anterocollis in Parkinsonism

We present a patient with levodopa-responsive Parkinsonism who developed disproportionate anterocollis over a period of 4 to 5 weeks. A neurological evaluation, including EMG and muscle biopsy, demonstrated the presence of a focal myopathy typical of the so-called “dropped head syndrome” or “isolated neck extensor myopathy. ” Parkinsonian patients presenting with disproportionate anterocollis should be evaluated for focal myopathy, as this may represent one possible cause. Disproportionate anterocollis, characterized by severe neck flexion despite minor thoracic or lumbar curvature, has been described in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and has been suggested as a useful clue to the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). 1–4 It comes on subacutely, over weeks, usually in the middle or late stages of disease. The neck becomes relatively fixed in a severe flexed posture. The cause of this is unknown. There have been suggestions that it was a manifestation of dystonia, 5 while others indicated that it may not be attributed to dystonia but to muscle rigidity 4 and, in addition, that it related to the dopaminergic deficit of parkinsonism and would respond to levodopa. 2,4 It has been suggested that it does not appear to be due to muscle weakness, although in one of these descriptions, the neck strength was considered “almost normal. ” 1,4 We present a patient with levodopa-responsive parkinsonism who developed anterocollis secondary to a focal myopathy.
First-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Preliminary Maps and Basic Results

We present full-sky microwave maps in five frequency bands (23-94 GHz) from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) first-year sky survey. Calibration errors are less than 0.5%, and the low systematic error level is well specified. The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is separated from the foregrounds using multifrequency data. The sky maps are consistent with the 7° FWHM Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) maps. We report more precise, but consistent, dipole and quadrupole values. The CMB anisotropy obeys Gaussian statistics with -58 < fNL < 134 (95% confidence level [CL]). The 2 ≤ ℓ ≤ 900 anisotropy power spectrum is cosmic-variance-limited for ℓ < 354, with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 1 per mode to ℓ = 658. The temperature-polarization cross-power spectrum reveals both acoustic features and a large-angle correlation from reionization. The optical depth of reionization is τ = 0.17 ± 0.04, which implies a reionization epoch of tr = 180 Myr (95% CL) after the big bang at a redshift of zr = 20 (95% CL) for a range of ionization scenarios. This early reionization is incompatible with the presence of a significant warm dark matter density. A best-fit cosmological model to the CMB and other measures of large-scale structure works remarkably well with only a few parameters. The age of the best-fit universe is t0 = 13.7 ± 0.2 Gyr. Decoupling was tdec = 379 kyr after the big bang at a redshift of zdec = 1089 ± 1. The thickness of the decoupling surface was Δzdec = 195 ± 2. The matter density of the universe is Ωmh2 = 0.135, the baryon density is Ωbh2 = 0.0224 ± 0.0009, and the total mass-energy of the universe is Ωtot = 1.02 ± 0.02. It appears that there may be progressively less fluctuation power on smaller scales, from WMAP to fine-scale CMB measurements to galaxies and finally to the Lyα forest. This may be accounted for with a running spectral index of scalar fluctuations, fitted as ns = 0.93 ± 0.03 at wavenumber k0 = 0.05 Mpc-1 (ℓeff ≈ 700), with a slope of dns/d ln k = -0.031 in the best-fit model. (For WMAP data alone, ns = 0.99 ± 0.04.) This flat universe model is composed of 4.4% baryons, 22% dark matter, and 73% dark energy. The dark energy equation of state is limited to w < -0.78 (95% CL). Inflation theory is supported with ns ≈ 1, Ωtot ≈ 1, Gaussian random phases of the CMB anisotropy, and superhorizon fluctuations implied by the temperature-polarization anticorrelations at decoupling. An admixture of isocurvature modes does not improve the fit. The tensor-to-scalar ratio is r(k0 = 0.002 Mpc-1) < 0.90 (95% CL). The lack of CMB fluctuation power on the largest angular scales reported by COBE and confirmed by WMAP is intriguing. WMAP continues to operate, so results will improve.
A comprehensive nonlinear analysis of electromyogram

To test whether electromyogram (EMG) is nonlinear deterministic signal or just random noise, we comprehensively analyze four EMGs of an adult woman. At first, we calculate the correlation time, L-Z complexity, approximate entropy (ApEn), maximum Lyapunov exponent (Ly/sub 1/) and correlation dimension (D/sub corr/) of each EMG data and its ten surrogate data. We find that all the results are quite different between each original EMG and its ten surrogate data, i.e. EMG is not a linear random noise, but a nonlinear deterministic signal (though it does not like a low dimensional chaos). EMG is also assessed with recurrence plot analysis (RPA), iterated function system (FS) clumpiness test, singular-value decomposition, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (Pearson's correlation). All the results of these assessments show that EMG is different from noise. Thus we conclude that EMG is a signal of high dimensional (D/sub corr/ range from 4 to 6) chaos.
Breastfeeding Among Low-Income, High-risk Women

Data from a state supported project providing multidiscipline (clinical social work, nursing, nutrition, obstetrics, and pediatrics) assistance to low-income women judged to be at high perinatal risk by medical and social history were analyzed regarding infant feeding decisions. Data from 2,124 subjects delivered from 1976 to 1985 were available for analysis. The population tended to be single (77%), black (66%), poorly educated (63% less than a high school education), and young (mean age 21.8 years). Thirty-six percent were primiparas. The decision to breastfeed was associated with white race, older maternal age, higher educational level, marriage, and earlier utilization of prenatal care. Prenatal infant feeding plans were compared with actual postpartum decisions for 1,168 women. Only 3 percent of those initially planning to bottle feed changed their minds postpartum and breastfed although 31 percent of those initially planning to nurse ultimately chose artificial feeding. Ten percent of women were initially undecided; one-third of this group ultimately breastfed, two-thirds bottle fed. Overall the percentage of women in the project who were breastfeeding rose from 15 percent to 22 percent from the early to later years of the project (p < 0.0001).
Improving Walking Energy Efficiency in Transtibial Amputees Through the Integration of a Low-Power Actuator in an ESAR Foot

Reducing energy consumption during walking is a critical goal for transtibial amputees. The study presents the evaluation of a semi-active prosthesis with five transtibial amputees. The prosthesis has a low-power actuator integrated in parallel into an energy-storing-and-releasing foot. The actuator is controlled to compress the foot during the stance phase, supplementing the natural compression due to the user’s dynamic interaction with the ground, particularly during the ankle dorsiflexion phase, and to release the energy stored in the foot during the push-off phase, to enhance propulsion. The control strategy is adaptive to the user’s gait patterns and speed. The clinical protocol to evaluate the system included treadmill and overground walking tasks. The results showed that walking with the semi-active prosthesis reduced the Physiological Cost Index of transtibial amputees by up to 16% compared to walking using the subjects’ proprietary prosthesis. No significant alterations were observed in the spatiotemporal gait parameters of the participants, indicating the module’s compatibility with users’ natural walking patterns. These findings highlight the potential of the mechatronic actuator in effectively reducing energy expenditure during walking for transtibial amputees. The proposed prosthesis may bring a positive impact on the quality of life, mobility, and functional performance of individuals with transtibial amputation.