Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
End-to-End Energy-Efficiency and Reliability of UAV-Assisted Wireless Data Ferrying

We analyze the end-to-end performance of an unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV)-assisted data ferrying network where the UAV serves as a data ferry between the source base station (BS) and multiple destination receivers. We evaluate the end-to-end reliability both with and without packet retransmission technique called automatic repeat request (ARQ), bit error probability (BEP), energy-efficiency, and transmission outage probability. We consider line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) transmissions in both the data loading and delivering links and model them with the Rician and Rayleigh fading channels, respectively. We derive tractable approximations for the derived SNR outage results and demonstrate their application in optimizing the distance that a UAV should travel in order to balance the energy-coverage trade-offs. We formulate two different optimization problems and convexify them to solve for the optimal ferrying distance, i.e. (i) outage-constrained energy minimization and (ii) energy-constrained SNR outage minimization. Closed-form optimal solutions are obtained for the second problem. In addition, we formulate a bi-objective optimization problem in order to minimize SNR outage and energy consumption with desired SNR outage probability constraints. The objective function is then reformulated using difference of convex functions (DC) and solved using a DC algorithm. Numerical results validate the derived expressions and show a comparison of the obtained solutions with the solutions obtained from exhaustive search. Insights related to the impact of LoS Rician and NLoS Rayleigh fading channels as well as the optimal ferrying distance are obtained considering a variety of objective functions.
Outdoor physical activity, compliance with the physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration recommendations, and excess weight among adolescents

Spending time outdoor has been identified as an important way to achieve the physical activity required for maintaining and improving health and to lower sedentary time among young children. However, evidence of such relationships in adolescents is particularly limited. This study investigated the relationships between frequency of outdoor physical activity after school, compliance with the physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration recommendations, and overweight/obesity among adolescents.
Perceived influence of work relationship, work load and physical work environment on job satisfaction of librarians in South-West, Nigeria

The purpose of this study is to investigate the composite influence of perceived work relationship, work load and physical work environment on the job satisfaction of librarians in South-West, Nigeria. ,The study adopted a descriptive survey design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used for this study. The instrument used for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire, and a total of 102 academic librarians responded to the questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. ,The results indicate that there is a significant linear relationship among work relationship, workload, work environment and job satisfaction. Among the variables examined, workload is not a statistically significant predictor of the job satisfaction of librarians, but work relationship and work environment have a statistically significant relative effect on the job satisfaction of librarians. ,Further studies should evaluate the causal link between work relationships, work load and work environment on job satisfaction using randomized control. ,The important result in this study is that there is a significant linear relationship among work relationship, workload, work environment and job satisfaction; therefore, if these factors are adequately taken care of, there will be increased employee motivation, reduced staff turnover and increased job satisfaction among librarians in Nigerian universities. The university library management could take advantage of workshops and seminars on how to build and maintain work relationship and work environment (hygiene factors) to improve employees’ job satisfaction. The seminars and workshop will increase the knowledge of university library management on how to develop coherent friendly co-workers policy practices and workload policy practices to enhance the job satisfaction of librarians in public universities in Nigeria. Librarians should be assigned tasks that are moderately demanding because both overload and under load could lead to job dissatisfaction. Regarding research, this study offered a basis for a continuing debate on work relationship, organizational relationships, work environment, work load and job satisfaction. ,Despite the growing global concern for workers well-being in organizations, not much attention has been given to the influence of workplace relationship, work load and work environment on the job satisfaction of librarians in Nigeria. Thus, the results of this research contribute to the body of knowledge regarding job satisfaction among librarians and provide significant evidence on the influence of work relationship, work load and work environment on the job satisfaction of librarians.
Forest height estimation based on the RVoG inversion model and the PolInSAR decomposition technique

ABSTRACT Monitoring the earth’s biosphere is an essential task to understand the global dynamics of ecosystems, biodiversity, and management aspects. Forests, as a natural resource, have an important role to control the climate changes and the carbon cycle. For this reason, biomass and consequently forest height are known as the key information for monitoring the forest and its underlying surface. Several studies have shown that Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging systems can provide an appropriate solution to estimate the biomass and the forest height. In this framework, Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR) technique is an effective tool for forest height estimation, due to its sensitivity to location and vertical distribution of the forest structural components. From one point of view, the employed methods are either based on model-based decomposition techniques or inversion models. In this paper, a method based on the combination of two categories has been proposed. Indeed, introducing a new way of combining the two categories for forest height estimation is the novel contribution of this study. The main motivation is to find directly and simultaneity the volume only and ground only complex coherences using the PolInSAR decomposition technique without the need to any a priori information for improving the forest height estimation procedure in the inversion models such as Random Volume over Ground (RVoG) model. The efficiency of the proposed approach was demonstrated by the E-SAR L-band single baseline PolInSAR data over the Remningstorp test site, in southern Sweden. Moreover, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data were used to evaluate the results. The experimental results showed that the proposed method improved the forest height estimation by 6.86 m.
Too Unsafe to Monitor? How Board–CEO Cognitive Conflict and Chair Leadership Shape Outside Director Monitoring

Research into boards of directors provides mixed support for the view that outside directors’ independence and/or leadership by an independent chair improves monitoring. In this study, we use a micro-level approach to provide a better understanding of why outside directors have difficulty in monitoring the CEO. We highlight that an important reason for this lies in the boardroom dynamics associated with (1) outside directors’ cognitive conflict with the CEO and (2) the chair’s leadership of the board. Our inductive analyses of video observations of board meetings in five Australian corporations revealed the importance of chair participative leadership during disagreement episodes in the boardroom. Follow-up in-depth interviews of board meeting participants highlighted the importance of psychological safety as a key mechanism explaining why participative board chairs appear so effective in dealing with board–CEO cognitive conflict. We corroborate these results with a second, large-scale survey study involving data on 310 outside directors from 64 Dutch boards. Whereas prior work mostly focuses on the chair’s relationship with the CEO, we instead highlight the importance of the chair’s role as the leader of the board and identify board psychological safety as an important element shaping director monitoring within the confines of the boardroom.
Characterization of raw and alkali treated prosopis juliflora fibers for potential polymer composite reinforcement

The present world scenario owes for the need of materials which posses more ecological and biodegradable characteristics as well as capable of substituting man-made materials which resulted in the rapid increasing use of natural fibers. In the present investigation, the physico-chemical, thermal, tensile and morphological properties of Prosopis juliflora fibers (PJFs) are presented. Alkali treatment of PJFs was carried out at 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% (w/v) concentrations for a period of 45 min. 6% (w/v) treated PJFs results showed optimal results. These optimally treated fibers showed higher cellulose (74.42 wt. %), lower hemicellulose (2.21 wt. %), lignin (9.11 wt. %), higher crystallinity index (56.64%), crystallite size (15.76 nm), tensile strength (650 ± 6.43 MPa) and better thermal stability.
Multifarious person perception: How social perceivers manage the complexity of intersectional targets

Correspondence Christopher D. Petsko, Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208. Email: petsko@u.northwestern. edu Abstract Stereotyping plays an important role in how we perceive the members of social groups. Yet stereotyping is complicated by the fact that every individual simultaneously belongs to multiple social groups. For example, the stereotypes that are called to mind about a Black individual can vary depending on that person's age, gender, and sexual orientation. This phenomenon—termed intersectional stereotyping—has recently inspired a variety of intriguing research findings. But these research findings pose challenges for prevalent theories of stereotyping. These prevalent theories tend to argue either that (a) perceivers inevitably attend to certain social identities (e.g., gender) when stereotyping intersectional targets, or that (b) perceivers inevitably attend to all detectable social identities at once. In contrast to these perspectives, we argue that perceivers generally attend to just one social identity (or one intersection of identities) at a time when stereotyping intersectional targets, as a function of the social context. For example, gay Black men can be alternately stereotyped as gay people, as Black people, as men, or as gay Black men specifically. The approach described here can account for a diverse array of findings emerging from research on intersectional stereotyping. Moreover, by specifying the factors that render particular identities salient in the minds of social perceivers, this approach offers clear and falsifiable predictions regarding the situated stereotyping of multifaceted individuals. DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12518
What role do religious belief and moral emotions play in pilgrimage with regards to respecting nature?

ABSTRACT Thousands upon thousands of travellers have visited the Royal Monastery of Guadalupe (Spain) in leisure time since 1389. They might have experienced moral feelings along the picturesque paths that lead the way to this well-known pilgrimage destination – a combination of gratitude, awe and admiration for the beauty of creation and yet compassion for the gradual degradation of the environment. This paper analyses the influence of these transcendental feelings on travellers’ attitudes and intentions towards nature. A total of 518 travellers were surveyed in 2018. The sample was divided into three groups: religious travellers, secular travellers and environmental travellers. Using Smart PLS modelling, results have been reported. The model has a moderate and robust effect on environmental travellers (R 2 = 0.712) and religious visitors (R 2 = 0.533), respectively. Theoretical and practical findings were drawn from empirical research.
The Cyclical Patterns of Capital Buffers: Evidence from Japanese Banks

This study explores the relationship between banks' choice of capital buffers and prevailing macroeconomic conditions. Considering the unique features of Japan's economy and diverse capital adequacy standards, I analyze the data of Japanese commercial banks from 2002 to 2012. I find a negative relationship between capital buffers and the phases of the business cycle, but a positive relationship for internationally active banks. The negative signs were larger in magnitude and of higher significance level when including crisis dummies. The findings suggest that the capital buffers of internationally active banks behave in a countercyclical manner; however, during crises, the capital buffer patterns became procyclical.
Time Well Spent: Misery, Meaning, and the Opportunity of Incarceration

People often leave prison worse than when they arrived; sometimes, they leave the same. People could leave prison better than when they arrived through a reimagined response to crime. They could be set up to live sustainable, fulfilling, and meaningful lives after prison. This approach could be informed by research on what makes for a meaningful life &#8211; regardless of whether a person has come into contact with the criminal justice system. A reimagined corrections could view time spent in prison as an opportunity rather than solely as a punishment; an opportunity to repair harm, empower people, and promote public safety.
The Determinants of Recovery from the Black Saturday Bushfire: Demographic Factors, Behavioural Characteristics and Financial Literacy

We investigate the contribution of demographic factors, behavioural characteristics and financial literacy to recovery from the financial losses inflicted by the Black Saturday bushfire. Behavioural characteristics (such as overconfidence, self‐serving and loss aversion biases) in conjunction with bushfire survivors’ knowledge of financial indicators are used to determine recovery time. Data are collected through in‐depth interviews with bushfire survivors, academics and experts in natural disasters. The results show that demographic, behavioural and financial literacy factors have the potential to enhance the recovery process.
Business Clustering in New Zealand: The Creation of Competitiveness in a Regional Cluster and The Influences of Intermediaries on the Cluster Competitiveness

i List of Figures . vii List of Tables. viii Attestation of Authorship . ix Acknowledgements . x Chapter One: Introduction. 1 1.1. Background . 2 1.2. Research gaps and questions . 4 1.3. Rationale and significance of the study . 6 Chapter Two: Literature Review . 9 2.
Seismic asperity size evolution during fluid injection: case study of the 1993 Soultz-sous-Forêts injection

<p>The injection of fluid in the upper crust, notably for the development or exploitation of geothermal reservoirs, is often associated with the onset of induced seismicity. Although this process has been largely studied, it is not clear how the injected fluid influences the rupture size of the induced events. Here we re-investigate the induced earthquakes that occurred during an injection at Soultz-sous-For&#234;ts, France in 1993 and studied the link between the injected fluid and the source properties of the numerous induced earthquakes. We take advantage that deep borehole accelerometers were running in the vicinity of the injection site. We estimate the moment and radius of all recorded events based on a spectral analysis and classify them into 663 repeating sequences. &#160;We show that the events globally obey the typical scaling law between radius and moment. However, at the scale of the asperity, fluctuations of the moment are important while the radii remain similar suggesting a variable stress drop or a mechanism that prevents the growth of the rupture. This is confirmed by linking the event source size to the geomechanical history of the reservoir. In areas where aseismic slip on pre-existing faults has been evidenced, we observed only small rupture sizes whereas in part of the reservoir where seismicity is related to the creation of new fractures, a wider distribution and larger rupture sizes are promoted. Implications for detecting the transition between events related to pre-existing faults and the onset of fresh fractures are discussed. </p>
Effective resource management in digital forensics

Building on the findings of a British Academy-funded project on the development of digital forensics (DF) in England and Wales, the purpose of this paper is to explore how triage, a process that helps prioritise digital devices for in-depth forensic analysis, is experienced by DF examiners and police officers in four English police forces. It is argued that while as a strategy triage can address the increasing demand in the examination of digital exhibits, careful consideration needs to be paid to the ways in which its set-up, undertaking and outcomes impact on the ability of law enforcement agencies to solve cases. ,The methodological approach adopted here builds on the ethnographic turn in criminology. The analysis draws on 120 h of ethnographic observations and 43 semi-structured interviews. Observational data of the working DF environment at each location and a systematic evaluation of internal documents, organisational settings and police priorities helped refine emergent analysis threads, which were analytically compared between sites and against the testimonies of members of different occupational groups to identify similarities and differences between accounts. ,The findings emphasise the challenges in the triage of digital exhibits as they are encountered in everyday practice. The discussion focusses on the tensions between the delivery of timely and accurate investigation results and current gaps in the infrastructural arrangements. It also emphasises the need to provide police officers with a baseline understanding of the role of DF and the importance of clearly defined strategies in the examination of digital devices. ,This paper aims to bridge policy and practice through an analysis of the ways in which DF practitioners and police officers in four English constabularies reflect on the uses of triage in DF to address backlogs and investigative demands. Highlighting the importance of digital awareness beyond the technical remit of DF units, it offers new insights into the ways in which police forces seek to improve the evidential trail with limited resources.
Methane mitigation and ruminal fermentation changes in cows fed cottonseed and vitamin E

: Inherently, ruminant production of methane (CH 4 ), a greenhouse gas (GHG), causes animal energy losses. Cottonseed is a lipid source and is used sometimes to enhance energy density in cattle diets. It also can mitigate enteric CH 4 . Lipids release peroxides in the rumen, and antioxidants have the ability to neutralize them. Thus, a lipid and antioxidant source can benefit rumen fermentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate rumen fermentation parameters from cows fed cottonseed and vitamin E. Six cannulated cows were arranged in a replicate 3 × 3 latin square. Treatments were: 1) Control, 2) CS (30 % corn replaced by cottonseed) and 3) CSVitE (30 % corn replaced by cottonseed, plus 500 IU VitE). Results were compared by orthogonal contrast. When compared to the control diet, cottonseed inclusion reduced enteric CH 4 emissions by 42 %. Production of acetate, butyrate and the acetate to propionate ratio were respectively 34 %, 47 % and 36 % lower with the cottonseed treatments. Energy lost in the rumen as CH 4 and energy release as butyrate were reduced by 26 % and 32 % respectively. Propionate and intestinal energy release were, respectively, 43 % and 35 % higher with cottonseed treatments. Furthermore, as a nutritional strategy to mitigate enteric CH 4, cottonseed has positive effects on short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and gastrointestinal energy release. Vitamin E did not result in improvements in ruminal fermentation. Further studies evaluating levels of vitamin E in association with different amounts and sources of lipids are required.
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase regulates anterior patterning in Dugesia japonica

Background Biological methylation requires S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and participates in a range of processes from modulation of gene expression via histone modifications to neurotransmitter synthesis. An important factor in all methylation reactions is the concentration ratio of SAM to methylation byproduct S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). SAH hydrolase, also known as adenosylhomocysteinase, depletes SAH and thereby facilitates metabolite recycling and maintains the methylation permissive SAM/SAH ratio. While the importance of SAH hydrolase in sustaining methylation is obvious on the cellular level, the function of this metabolic process on the organismal scale is not clear. Results We used planarian Dugesia japonica to investigate the role SAH hydrolase in physiological homeostasis on the body-wide scale. Remarkably, pharmacological inhibition of the SAH hydrolase results in regression of anterior tissues and is accompanied by extensive apoptosis throughout the planarian body. Moreover, exposure to the SAHH inhibitor AdOx leads to changes in brain morphology and spatial shift in the expression of Wnt-modulator Notum. Strikingly, planarians are able to overcome these destructive patterning defects through regeneration of the anterior tissues and adaptation to the used inhibitor. Transcriptome analysis indicates that resistance to the SAHH inhibitor is at least partly mediated by changes in folate cycle and lipid metabolism. Conclusions SAH hydrolase plays a critical role in planarian homeostasis and anterior patterning potentially through modulation of Wnt signaling. Moreover, planarian adaptation to the SAHH inhibitor via metabolic reprogramming suggests potential targets for addressing methylation-related human conditions.
Evaluation of nurse interns' satisfaction and hospital as an educational environment in nursing internship training program, Saudi Arabia

Background/Objective: New nurse interns are known to eagerly anticipate their internship training year but often find themselves confronted with several obstacles during this period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nurse interns' satisfaction and hospital as an educational environment. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 195 nursing students (or interns during the internship year) at the Albaha University, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences in 2017–2018. The hospitals that were encompassed in this study were King Fahad Hospital and Prince Meshari Hospital. The tools of study were divided into the following sections: sociodemographic and personal datasheet; Postgraduate Hospital as an Educational Environment Measure; and satisfaction scale. Results: According to the study results, the interns were highly satisfied. This finding illustrates a highly significant correlation between the overall satisfaction scale with role autonomy, perception of teaching, perception of social support, and the overall score of Postgraduate Hospital as an Educational Environment Measure. Furthermore, their satisfaction levels were found to be highly significantly correlated with average (P = 0.002) wherein about 43.08% and 21.54% denoted moderate and high levels of satisfaction, respectively. Pediatric intensive care units and neonatal intensive care units were reported to be the areas with the greatest satisfaction levels. Conclusion: The nurse interns were found to be highly satisfied, and the relationship of the hospital as an educational environment was reported as the most influential factor on their satisfaction during the internship training program.