Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of different somatic cell count cut-points to define intramammary infection at drying off in dairy cows from a herd with a high somatic cell count

ABSTRACT Aims: To assess the use of different cut-points based on individual cow somatic cell counts (SCC) to define cows with intramammary infection (IMI) at drying-of, in a herd with a high mean bulk tank SCC. Methods: Results for SCC from four herd tests during lactation and bacterial culture of milk samples collected before drying-off were obtained for 139 cows from a herd with an average bulk milk SCC of >300,000 cells/mL over the final 4 months of the 2006/07 lactation. Based on culture results, cows were defined as being infected with a major (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis or Nocardia spp.) or any pathogen. Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curves were used to determine optimum cut-points for maximum, average and last herd test SCC, for predicting IMI. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine which variables were associated with IMI, and the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) and positive predictive value (PPV) were determined for different cut-points. Results: At the cow level, 75/139 (54.0%) cows had IMI with a major pathogen and 123/139 (88.5%) with any pathogen. A SCC ≥150,000 cells/mL at ≥2 herd tests and a SCC ≥299,000 cells/mL at the last herd test, for cows aged ≥4 years, were associated with IMI with a major pathogen at drying-off (p<0.05). A SCC ≥150,000 cells/mL at ≥2 herd tests was associated with IMI with any pathogen at drying-off (p<0.001). A cut-point of ≥150,000 cells/mL at any herd test had the highest Se (0.97 and 0.94), but the lowest Sp (0.19 and 0.44) and PPV (0.58 and 0.93) for infection with major and any pathogens, respectively. A cut-point of ≥150,000 cells/mL at ≥2 herd tests doubled the Sp and increased the PPV without large decreases in test Se for infection with either a major or any pathogen. Conclusions and clinical relevance: In this herd with a high bulk milk SCC, use of a cut-point of a SCC ≥150,000 cells/mL at any herd test to define IMI would be appropriate, where the goal at drying-off is to ensure that cows infected with any pathogen receive antimicrobial treatment. Where the goal is to reduce the use of antimicrobial dry cow therapy in uninfected cows while limiting the number of infected cows not being treated, use of a cut-point of SCC ≥150,000 cells/mL at ≥2 herd tests to define IMI may be more appropriate.
The Role of Sensory Function in Processing Speed and Working Memory Aging

ABSTRACT Background: Sensory function, processing speed, and working memory are considered to be mechanisms that play important explanatory roles in age-related decline of cognitive abilities. As individuals age, sensory function declines along with other cognitive abilities, including processing speed and working memory. Moreover, the relationship between sensory function, processing speed, and working memory, which represent the most basic mechanism, is one of the important issues in the field of cognitive aging. Methods: To explore the role of sensory function, especially visual function, in processing speed and working memory aging, the present study adopted a 2 (age: young and old) × 4 (visual perceptual stress: high, medium, low, and non-stress) mixed design and explored age differences in tasks testing processing speed and working memory. To generate different levels of visual perceptual stress, test materials were masked with Gaussian noise according to each individual‘s visual function. Results: The results indicated that age differences in processing speed were not influenced by different levels of visual perceptual stress, while age differences in working memory performance decreased gradually with the increase of visual perceptual stress. Conclusion: Visual function affected age differences in working memory rather than in processing speed. The common-cause hypothesis and information-degradation hypothesis were applied to interpret the relationships between visual function and processing speed and between visual function and working memory, respectively. Moreover, sensory function may not directly affect working memory function, which was also consistent with a resource decrement model of aging.
Efficacy and Safety of Astaxanthin in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, potentially malignant disorder characterized by progressive fibrosis of the oral mucosa, leading to restricted mouth opening and discomfort. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory carotenoid, in the comprehensive management of OSMF. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 68 eligible participants diagnosed with OSMF. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group (astaxanthin capsules, 5 mg twice daily) or the control group (placebo capsules) for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes included changes in mouth opening and burning sensation assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Adverse events were monitored to evaluate safety. Results: The experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in mouth opening compared to the control group over the 12-week intervention (p < 0.001). Additionally, the experimental group reported a significant reduction in burning sensation, as indicated by VAS scores (p < 0.001). Adverse events were generally mild and comparable between groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that astaxanthin may have a positive impact on mouth opening and burning sensation in individuals with OSMF. The safety profile observed supports the feasibility of astaxanthin as a potential therapeutic adjunct in OSMF management. Further research with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods is warranted to validate these findings.
Reference Values for Healthy Swallowing Across the Range From Thin to Extremely Thick Liquids

Purpose Thickened liquids are frequently used as an intervention for dysphagia, but gaps persist in our understanding of variations in swallowing behavior based on incremental thickening of liquids. The goal of this study was to establish reference values for measures of bolus flow and swallowing physiology in healthy adults across the continuum from thin to extremely thick liquids. Method A sex-balanced sample of 38 healthy adults underwent videofluoroscopy and swallowed 20% weight-to-volume concentration barium prepared in thin and slightly, mildly, moderately, and extremely thick consistencies using a xanthan gum thickener. Participants took comfortable sips and swallowed without a cue; sip volume was measured based on presip and postsip cup weights. A standard operating procedure (the ASPEKT method: Analysis of Swallowing Physiology: Events, Kinematics and Timing) was used to analyze videofluoroscopy recordings. Results The results clarify that, for thin liquid sips (10–14 ml), a single swallow without clearing swallows is typical and is characterized by complete laryngeal vestibule closure, complete pharyngeal constriction, and minimal postswallow residue. Aspiration was not seen, and penetration was extremely rare. Bolus position at swallow onset was variable, extending as low as the pyriform sinuses in 37% of cases. With thicker liquids, no changes in event sequencing, laryngeal vestibule closure, pharyngeal constriction, or postswallow residue were seen. The odds of penetration were significantly reduced. A longer timing interval until onset of the hyoid burst movement was seen, with an associated higher bolus position at swallow onset. Other timing measures remained unaffected by changes in bolus consistency. Conclusion The results include new reference data for swallowing in healthy adults across the range from thin to extremely thick liquids.
Volatile Organic Compound and Fatty Acid Profile of Milk from Cows and Buffaloes Fed Mycorrhizal or Nonmycorrhizal Ensiled Forage

Seed inoculation of forage crops by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) generally results in higher profitability, but also modifies the chemical composition of silage in terms of increased biomass, protein, and dry matter. Raw milk aroma is affected by the type of feed. This work investigated the influence of ensiled forage obtained by seed inoculation with AMF on the volatile fractions and fatty acid composition of milk. Two experiments were carried out: in the first, buffaloes were fed maize silage, and in the second, cows were fed sorghum silage. The volatile fractions of milk were quantified by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME), combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and fatty acids by gas chromatography (GC). The ensiled forage obtained with AMF increased saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in both experiments. The volatile fraction in milk samples obtained from bovines fed mycorrhizal ensiled forage showed an increase of free fatty acids and ketones, responsible for cheesy and fruity odors. Aldehydes, responsible for green and grassy notes, increased only in the milk from buffaloes fed ensiled maize. Our results suggest that inoculation of maize and sorghum seed with AMF, combined with a low rate of fertilizers, leads to ensiled forage that could slightly affect the FA profile and odor quality of milk.
Analysis of Factors for Adoption and Use of AtoM in Indonesia

As part of the Indonesia government, the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia, hereafter ANRI) provides archival services to the citizens in the form of access to archives collected from government archive creators and institutions throughout Indonesia, known as network nodes. ANRI has a program of organizing the National Archives Information System (Sistem Informasi Kearsipan Nasional, hereafter SIKN) to collect the archives from network nodes, and the National Archives Information Network (Jaringan Informasi Kearsipan Nasional, hereafter JIKN) for archival services. Access to Memory (AtoM) was adopted as SIKN using government-to-government (G2G). This research aims to determine the factors that affect the user acceptance of SIKN network node, because its implementation under the target set. It is only reached 81,33% of the target. The research model is built on the theory of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with the respondents amounted to 103 users of SIKN. Processing and making conclusions using Structural Equational Modeling (SEM), factors that have significant influence on Perceived Ease of Use are Self-Efficacy, Facilitating Condition and Top Management Support. While the factors that have significant influence on the Perceived Usefulness is the User Training and Perceived Ease of Use. While the Intention to Use is influenced by the Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Value of Records.
Should Terminologia Anatomica be revised and extended? A critical literature review.

The first edition of the Terminologia Anatomica was published in 1998 by the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology, whereas the second edition was issued in 2011 by the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminologies. Since then many attempts have been made to revise and extend the official terminology as several inconsistencies have been noted. Moreover, numerous crucial terms were either omitted or deliberately excluded from the official terminology, like sulcus popliteus and diaphragma urogenitale, respectively. Furthermore, several synonyms are to be discarded. Notwithstanding the criticism, the use of the current version of terminology is strongly recommended. Although the Terminologia Anatomica is open to future expansion and revision, every change should be made after a thorough discussion of the historical context and scientific legitimacy of a given term. The anatomical nomenclature must be as simple as possible but also precise and coherent. It is generally accepted that hasty innovation ought not to be endorsed. Therefore, there is a need to take a closer look at these new proposals as they have been presented in numerous dispersed papers. This article provides an overview of these issues and concentrates on selected revisions and extensions that are didactically and clinically useful, thereby summarising the salient aspects of these new and compelling proposals.
Adaptive Backstepping Sliding Mode Control for Boost Converter With Constant Power Load

The negative impedance characteristics of a constant power load (CPL) can easily lead to the instability of the DC bus voltage. To improve the stability of the DC bus voltage, an adaptive backstepping sliding mode control strategy for a boost converter with the CPL in DC microgrid is proposed. First, to carry out the backstepping control, the zero dynamic stability of the system under different output functions is studied by using input–output exact feedback linearization theory. The model is transformed into a linear system in Brunovsky canonical form, which solves the nonlinear problem caused by the CPL and the non-minimum phase problem of the boost converter. Then, under the premise of ensuring large signal stability, an adaptive mechanism is introduced into the design of the backstepping sliding mode control. The adaptive backstepping sliding mode controller is designed by adaptively updating the switching gain in real time. Furthermore, the Lyapunov theory is used to prove the global asymptotic stability of the overall closed-loop system. Finally, the numerical simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy has better dynamic regulation performance and stronger robustness compared with the conventional double closed-loop PI control method.
Calculation of the Isobaric Heat Capacities of the Liquid and Solid Phase of Organic Compounds at and around 298.15 K Based on Their “True” Molecular Volume

A universally applicable method for the prediction of the isobaric heat capacities of the liquid and solid phase of molecules at 298.15 K is presented, derived from their “true” volume. The molecules’ “true” volume in A3 is calculated on the basis of their geometry-optimized structure and the Van-der-Waals radii of their constituting atoms by means of a fast numerical algorithm. Good linear correlations of the “true” volume of a large number of compounds encompassing all classes and sizes with their experimental liquid and solid heat capacities over a large range have been found, although noticeably distorted by intermolecular hydrogen-bond effects. To account for these effects, the total amount of 1303 compounds with known experimental liquid heat capacities has been subdivided into three subsets consisting of 1102 hydroxy-group-free compounds, 164 monoalcohols/monoacids, and 36 polyalcohols/polyacids. The standard deviations for Cp(liq,298) were 20.7 J/mol/K for the OH-free compunds, 22.91 J/mol/K for the monoalcohols/monoacids and 16.03 J/mol/K for the polyols/polyacids. Analogously, 797 compounds with known solid heat capacities have been separated into a subset of 555 OH-free compounds, 123 monoalcohols/monoacids and 119 polyols/polyacids. The standard deviations for Cp(sol,298) were calculated to 23.14 J/mol/K for the first, 21.62 J/mol/K for the second, and 19.75 J/mol/K for the last subset. A discussion of structural and intermolecular effects influencing the heat capacities as well as of some special classes, in particular hydrocarbons, ionic liquids, siloxanes and metallocenes, has been given. In addition, the present method has successfully been extended to enable the prediction of the temperature dependence of the solid and liquid heat capacities in the range between 250 and 350 K.
Host-guest supramolecular hydrogel based on nanoparticles: co-delivery of DOX and siBcl-2 for synergistic cancer therapy

Abstract Synergistic therapy that combines drug/siRNA for the solid tumor treatment is becoming more and more popular to reduce the side effects and enhance the antitumor efficiency. Given that, a novel injectable supramolecular hydrogel mPECT(D)/GDDC-4(R)/α-CDgel (mPECT(D) represents DOX-loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa[4.6]spiro-9-un-decanone) (mPECT) nanoparticles, GDDC-4(R) represents siBcl-2-loaded PG-P(DPAx-co-DMAEMAy)-PCB (GDDC-4) complexes nanoparticles (NPs)) was prepared via the incorporation of GDDC-4/siRNA complexes NPs into the DOX-loaded mPECT NPs/α-CDgel formed by the host-guest interaction between mPEG and α-CD. In vitro degradation and release experiments revealed that siBcl-2 was released from mPECT(D)/GDDC-4(R)/α-CDgel in the form of GDDC-4/siBcl-2 complexes NPs with bioactivity, and the release behavior of DOX also demonstrated sustained-release property. Compared to the single treatment groups, the enhanced cytotoxicity to SKOV3 and HeLa cells of mPECT(D)/GDDC-4(R)/α-CDgel was observed in vitro. Moreover, in vivo experiments also indicated the significant antitumor effect of mPECT(D)/GDDC-4(R)/α-CDgel, suggesting the remarkable synergistic therapy of DOX and siBcl-2. Therefore, this work would provide a prospective platform to co-delivery of drugs and siRNA to improve the treatment effect of solid tumor.
Occupational Violence and PTSD-symptoms. A Prospective Study on the Indirect Effects of Violence Through Time Pressure and Non-traumatic Strains in the Occupational Context.

OBJECTIVE To assess if frequency of occupational violence (OV) affects PTSD symptoms through non- traumatic strains in the occupational context. METHODS 12-month prospective survey data on 1763 Social educators was used. Path-analysis measured direct and indirect pathways of frequency of OV on PTSD through; change in time pressure, change in burnout, change in sense of safety at work, and change in coping with regret in patient work. RESULTS 42 pct. of the variance in PTSD symptoms was predicted; F (20, 1541) = 36.8, p<. 001, R = . 42. Frequency of OV indirectly affected level of PTSD through all the mediators; estimated indirect effects = . 14, 95% CI [. 07 -. 22]. CONCLUSION PTSD resulting from occupational violence is not only a result of the violent acts themselves. It is essential to include the broader context of work environment factors in prevention of work related PTSD.
On The Assessment of Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Transmitted by 5G NR Base Stations.

The fifth-generation new radio cellular network will be rolled out within the next few years. Several assessment methods of human exposure to electromagnetic fields transmitted by fifth-generation new radio base stations are discussed. Currently no method exists that allows extrapolation to the maximum theoretical exposure. Thus two new extrapolation methods are proposed. A 95th percentile exposure can be derived from the maximum theoretical exposure by an agreed-upon reduction factor if a more realistic exposure assessment is required.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the Journal.
Student experience using synchronous and asynchronous instruction in mathematics classes

This paper aims to study the effects that asynchronous and synchronous instructional methods have on student perceptions and attitudes towards online education. We analyze both qualitative and quantitative survey responses from 496 students in three large (greater than 200 enrolled students) first-year calculus classes at the University of Guelph. The survey results show significant differences among the three online instructional formats in students’ attitudes toward asking questions, the similarity of each instructional modality to face-to-face delivery, technology issues encountered, students’ perceived ability to keep up with course content, how collaborative the course felt, and student preferences for mode of delivery. There were no significant differences reported in relation to time-management skills or communication with instructors. Qualitative analysis of student comments also revealed perceived strengths and weaknesses of each mode of instruction. The results are used to make suggestions for improving student experience in online, post-secondary mathematical teaching.
The Omics Complexity in Sepsis: The Limits of the Personalized Medicine Approach

Sepsis is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the remarkable advances in modern medicine throughout the last century, the mortality rates associated with sepsis have remained significantly elevated, both in high- and low-income countries. The main difficulty in the diagnosis and treatment of septic patients is the tremendous heterogeneity of this condition. The vast heterogeneity that characterizes sepsis ranges from the clinical presentation to the biological aspects of the disease. Evidence-based medicine approaches sepsis as a homogenous syndrome and does not consider the individual discrepancies between septic patients. This approach may contribute to the poor outcomes of septic patients. In recent years, personalized medicine has gained significant interest. This novel form of medicine underlines the importance of understanding the genetic, epigenetic, and molecular basis of a disease in order to provide a more tailored approach for the patient. The study of “omics”, such as cytomics, genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, provides a deeper comprehension of the complex interactions between the host, the disease, and the environment. The aim of this review is to summarize the potential role of a personalized approach in sepsis management, considering the interactions between various “omics”.
Bayesian modeling of hematologic cancer and vehicular air pollution among young people in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

ABSTRACT Traffic-related air pollution is being associated with hematologic cancer in young individuals. This study performed a spatial analysis of the hematologic cancer incidence and mortality among younger people, using a Bayesian approach, to associate with traffic density in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Two databases were employed: incidence (2002–2011) and mortality (2002–2013). The relationships between the cases of hematologic cancer and the covariates – traffic density, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and population density – were evaluated using a Besag–York–Mollié ecological model with relative risks (RRs) estimates. Per 1-unit standard-deviation increase in traffic density, in the MHDI, and in population density, the RR for the incidence was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.97–1.14), 1.28 (95% CI: 1.16–1.42), and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.94–1.08), respectively. For mortality, no covariates were considered risk factors. Our findings suggest significant association between living in regions with better socioeconomic conditions, where traffic density is usually higher, and risk of hematologic cancer in younger people.
Perceptions of the Engineering Curricula from Women and LGBTQIA+ Students

This study analyzes climate survey responses in an engineering college to understand gender/sexual minority students’ perceptions of the inclusivity of the engineering curriculum. Crosstabs were conducted to determine differences between these groups and their non-minority counterparts. We found that students’ status as ‘minority’ made them more attuned to exclusionary course experiences for other minority identities.