Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heritage, education and processes of change in Vietnamese rural tourism: A case study from Hội An

While the notion of farm tourism is not new in tourism studies, it continues to evolve and take forms not previously examined. This article describes the development of this form of tourism on the outskirts of Hội An (a World Heritage Site in Vietnam) as a farming sector seeks to build on a demand being created by visitors to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization gazette site. Based on 27 informants, the article examines the nature of the agritourism products and their move towards sustainable tourism in response to demand. The article highlights (a) the nature of the products, (b) the opportunity provided by proximity to a World Heritage Site and (c) the educational background of the farmers and suggests that levels of education possess importance by enabling entrepreneurs to acquire business skills not previously available to earlier generations. In identifying this, the article contributes to a literature on how tourism products evolve in developing countries, for not only does education create skill sets but also creates an awareness of the commercial and social values of traditions and the need to retain this as expressions of cultural patterns of life.
Immigrant Home Health Workers Experiences: A Qualitative Description Study

Unmet long term care needs are increasingly filled by immigrant home health workers who are primarily female (88%), racial minorities (85%), and from developing countries including Mexico, Caribbean, Philippines, and Africa. The growing numbers of immigrant home health workers are a result of global factors including economic policies, colonial histories with developing countries, and immigration legislation. In addition to macro factors, personal motivations lead migrant home health workers to immigrate and find jobs in the U.S. Once in the U.S., little is known about migrant home health workers’ caregiving experiences and work conditions. This study was designed to address this need and explored the personal experiences and viewpoints of the workers. Additionally information on migration histories and work setting was gathered to contextualize caregiving experiences. The study was guided conceptually by caregiving theory on the commodification and devaluation of “care” which can ultimately result in outsourcing care to immigrant women. Qualitative description methods were used to guide the research design, data collection, and analysis of twenty-three semi-structured interviews of female immigrant home health workers in Massachusetts. Interviews focused on three topics: caregiving experiences, reasons for migrating to the U.S., and work conditions. Findings will add to the knowledge base about immigrant home health workers paying particular attention to how workers themselves describe their experience which will in turn inform future policy and program initiatives on inclusion of a multicultural workforce into the long term care system.
Immigration, security and the economy: who should bear the burden of global crises? Burden-sharing and citizens’ support for EU integration in Italy

ABSTRACT This article aims to explore the conditions under which Italian citizens would be ready to support a greater role for the EU in matters currently subject to the authority of its member states. We examine how citizens perceive the role of the EU in managing the currently pressing problems induced by the most recent crises. Through the analysis of original data collected as part of the EUENGAGE survey of public opinion in 2016, we show that the disproportionate costs of transnational crises on member states, especially in countries that are most exposed such as Italy, produce public demand for EU intervention. In a crisis context, even in countries like Italy, where support for the EU is at a minimum, a sense of insecurity and grievance among citizens may turn into demands for EU initiatives.
Evaluation of the branching pattern of the intrahepatic bile ducts using 3D balanced turbo-field-echo (BTFE) MR sequence: comparison with drip infusion cholangiography with CT (DIC-CT)

Poster: "ECR 2017 / C-0085 / Evaluation of the branching pattern of the intrahepatic bile ducts using 3D balanced turbo-field-echo (BTFE) MR sequence: comparison with drip infusion cholangiography with CT (DIC-CT)" by: "M. Ogawa1, Y. Ozawa2, K. ohta2, T. Sekiguchi2, M. Urano2, Y. Matsuo2, Y. Shibamoto2; 1Nagoya, ai/JP, 2Nagoya/JP"
Surface EMG Examination of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

In this study, fasciculation potentials recorded by linear array surface EMG from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) subjects were examined. The Innervation Zones (IZ) of their originated motor units were estimated. The information was compared with that obtained from voluntarily recruited motor units in the same set of ALS subjects as well as in healthy controls. IZs within an ALS subject where found more scattered, versus more centrally clustered IZs in healthy subjects. IZs were even more scattered among fasciculating motor units. A more scattered IZ distributions among ALS subjects can be the result of muscle reorganization due to the ongoing denervation/reinnervation process. Three ALS subjects had repetitive visits, providing longitudinal data of FPs, where an increase of IZ distribution was observed for at least one instance in all the three subjects. Results and limitations of surface EMG are discussed. 4 Ready for submission 57 5.
Are Loot Boxes Addictive? Analyzing Participant’s Physiological Arousal While Opening a Loot Box

Loot boxes in video games have blurred the lines between gaming and gambling. Research suggests the thrill from gambling comes from associated increases in physiological arousal not possible monetary gains. Gamers performing microtransactions to purchase loot boxes can lead to similar increases in physiological arousal. However, problematic gamblers no longer receive increases in arousal and become hyposensitive to reward. This hyposensitivity may also be present in problematic gamers. Twenty-five adult male participants took part in the within-participant design experiment measuring heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) while they were gaming and performing a microtransaction. GSR increased from baseline. HR decreased while performing a microtransaction. There was a negative correlation between gaming addiction scores and participants’ physiological arousal. The increases in arousal suggest microtransactions in gaming could potentially lead to problematic levels of use, while hyposensitivity could explain the higher gaming addiction relating to lower arousal during gameplay.
Special Edition article: Targeted mental health provision for children with behaviour difficulties in primary schools: Results of a national randomised trial

There is increased interest internationally in embedding mental health in schools and targeting those most at risk of problems, with particular interest in reducing behavioural difficulties. Findings from a national randomised controlled trial involving 8172 children, aged 8 to 10, from 266 schools in 65 Local Authority areas across England indicate that pupils with clinically significant behavioural difficulties at baseline report fewer such problems a year later if they attended schools randomly allocated to receive targeted mental health support than if they did not. These findings have implications for the development of effective intervention models in primary schools to prevent and ameliorate behavioural difficulties.
How Social Influence and Hedonic/Utilitarian Outcome Expectations Affect Continuance Intention to Play Online Games

While online gaming has become immensely popular today, game developers and marketers face stiff competition. For gaming industries to remain profitable despite high development costs, they must promote players' continuance intention to play online games to accrue revenues via advertisement, subscription, and microtransactions. Drawing on the Social Cognitive Theory, the present research examines how social influence (Critical Mass and Subjective Norm) and personal cognition (Hedonic Outcome Expectations and Utilitarian Outcome Expectations) affect the continuance intention to play online games. Based on 150 valid responses from online gamers in Malaysia, the PLS-SEM analysis reveals that Hedonic Outcome Expectations and Utilitarian Outcome Expectations drive continuance intention to play online games. Continuance intention to play online games is not influenced by Critical Mass and Subjective Norm. Implications for research, game designers, and game marketers are discussed in this paper.
Raising Equity under Deregulation: Evidence from the JOBS Act

The Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act seeks to improve access to capital by deregulating both public and private equity markets in the US. We find that the Act incentivizes cash-starved firms to go public rather than raise capital privately. Proceeds raised are used to repay debt and pay executives, not to increase investments. Moreover, firms going public under the JOBS Act pay more to raise equity and often rely on further public issues to avert financial distress. These results suggest that the Act is mainly encouraging lower-quality firms to go public rather than stay private.
Does Corporate Governance Structures Predict Firm’s Market Value? Empirical Evidence from Ghana

This paper examined the effect of corporate governance structures on the market value of firms in Ghana. Quantitative data was collected on thirty-one firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2018 to predict the effect of corporate governance structures on the firm’s market value. Panel data regression analysis revealed that corporate governance structures accounted for 84.9% of the variation of a firm’s market value for the period. Furthermore, the study revealed a significant relationship between CEO duality, Non-executive director, board size and firm’s profitability and value. The study concludes that firms should separate CEO position from board chairman position to enhance a firm’s profitability and value.
Knowledge and Expressed Practices of Dietary Regulation among Chronic Renal Failure Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis

Introduction: A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and expressed practices of dietary regulation and dissemination of informational booklet among chronic renal failure patients undergoing haemodialysis in selected hospitals of Delhi. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and expressed dietary practice and dissemination of information booklet among chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis in selected hospital of Delhi. Methods: The conceptual framework adopted for the present study was based on Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Deficit Theory. Quantitative descriptive research approach was adopted for the study. The sample for the present study comprised of 50 chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Purposive sampling technique was used. A structured knowledge questionnaire and an expressed practice checklist were used to collect the data. Results: It showed that the knowledge score of majorities of patients i.e. 43 (86%) with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis had inadequate knowledge about dietary regulation whereas only 7 (14%) of patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis had adequate knowledge about dietary regulation. The expressed practice score revealed that nearly two third of patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis had average dietary practice i.e. 30 (60%), 18 (36%) had poor dietary practice and only 2 (4%) patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis had good dietary practice. The co-efficient of correlation between knowledge and expressed practice score of dietary regulation (-0.083), was not found to be significant at 0.05 level for the degree of freedom 48. This shows that knowledge of chronic renal failure patients undergoing haemodialysis about dietary regulation was inversely but non-significantly correlated with their dietary practices. How to cite this article:Ranadive JP, Sharma V, Khan F. Knowledge and Expressed Practices of Dietary Regulation among Chronic Renal Failure Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis. Int J Nurs Midwif Res 2019; 6(2&3): 69-74.
Cost-Effectiveness of Nurse Practitioners

Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is motivated by the imperative to reduce the continuous growth in healthcare spending, as the rapid rise in healthcare spending has become a threat to the economic future of the United States. Nurse practitioners have the potential to lower costs by assuming provider roles within the healthcare workforce to deliver care of equal or better quality at lower costs than comparable services by other providers. The published literature was reviewed to assess the cost-effectiveness of care provided by nurse practitioners as compared to physicians in a wide variety of primary and acute care clinical settings. Cost-effectiveness analysis from payer, societal, and hospital and employer stakeholder perspectives supports the substitution of nurse practitioners for physicians in their overlapping scopes of practice, as nurse practitioners provide cost-effective care in primary and acute care settings. Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is motivated by the imperative to reduce the continuous growth in healthcare spending, as the rapid rise in healthcare spending has become a threat to the economic future of the United States. Nurse practitioners have the potential to lower costs by assuming provider roles within the healthcare workforce to deliver care of equal or better quality at lower costs than comparable services by other providers. The published literature was reviewed to assess the cost-effectiveness of care provided by nurse practitioners as compared to physicians in a wide variety of primary and acute care clinical settings. Cost-effectiveness analysis from payer, societal, and hospital and employer stakeholder perspectives supports the substitution of nurse practitioners for physicians in their overlapping scopes of practice, as nurse practitioners provide cost-effective care in primary and acute care settings.
Organ preservation in patients with rectal cancer with clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy.

509 Background: Nonoperative management (NOM) of rectal cancer following a clinical complete response (cCR) to neoadjuvant therapy is a non-standard approach. We review our experience with NOM to evaluate safety and efficacy. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data between 2006 and 2014 was conducted. We compared patients completing neoadjuvant therapy for stage I to III rectal cancers who: a) achieved cCR and were treated with NOM, or b) underwent standard total mesorectal excision (TME) and achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR). Kaplan-Meier estimates and the log-rank test were used. Results: Seventy-three patients underwent NOM after cCR. From 369 rectal resections performed, 72 (20%) achieved pCR and form the comparison group. Median follow-up across both groups was 3.3 years. Rectal preservation was achieved in 56 (77%) of the patients treated with NOM. Of the 19 NOM patients with local regrowth, 18 were salvaged successfully with standard TME (n=16) or local excision .
Identifying the position of the compacted layer by measuring soil penetration resistance in a dryland farming region in Northeast China

Topsoil is disturbed by ploughing, the effects of infiltration, the movement of fine particles from the topsoil to the subsoil, and direct pressure from agriculture machinery, all creating an abrupt delineation in the form of a compacted layer with very low permeability. Spatial variability of soil properties, such as soil structure and penetration resistance (PR), can help identify the compacted layer. However, there are no quantitative methods to describe this layer. In this study, PR was used to survey different soil types. A Mann–Kendall (M‐K) test of PR data was used to identify the presence and position of the compacted layer in a dryland farming region of Northeast China. Our results demonstrated that PR was mainly affected by bulk density and soil water content. Compared with the topsoil, PR was more significantly affected by water content in deeper soil layers. An M‐K test of the PR curve can provide a more reliable and objective assessment of the thickness of the plough layer and location of the compacted layer than field observation. Our data indicated that there was a compacted layer in the soil profile in the study areas and the spatial variability of the compacted layer was heterogeneous. The plough layer was shallow, and the compacted layer was thicker in areas with frequent use of agricultural machinery. Moreover, frequent use of agricultural machinery resulted in a PR of the plough and compacted layers that was greater than that in other areas. Information on identifying the position and thickness of the compacted layer and the factors influencing their spatial distribution can be used to create effective soil management options and improve conditions for the development of plant roots in dryland farming regions.
Digitization and the welfare effects of motion picture trade

Digitization has importantly aﬀected the motion picture industry, decreasing the costs of producing and distributing ﬁlms, and making them increasingly available to consumers via digital distribution, both across and within countries. Despite these changes, certain characteristics of the European ﬁlm market are still standing in the way of a full convergence of choice sets across countries. In particular, territorial licensing and geo-blocking within the European Union prevent consumers from certain EU countries to access ﬁlms available in others, acting as trade barriers across EU Member States. European policymakers are currently considering the creation of a European digital single market (DSM). Under such policy, a digital product available in one Member State would automatically be available in all States. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the economic beneﬁts created by a European DSM for consumers and producers, in Europe and around the world. Our analysis relies on box-oﬃce revenue data for a list of over 21,000 distinct ﬁlms released in theaters in 52 countries during the years 2002-2014. We develop a structural model of demand for ﬁlms which allows us to obtain the economic surplus for consumers in each destination country as well as the revenue collected for producers in each origin country. Our model allows us to simulate a European DSM by comparing the current status quo with a fully open European market (the EU DSM) in which every ﬁlm available somewhere in the EU is made available everywhere in the EU. We highlight the important distinctions between our counterfactual simulations - which involve theatrical distribution - and the ideal counterfactual scenario we would like to simulate - a DSM in a context with digital distribution. First, our simulation should be interpreted as the elimination of any barriers to trade within the EU for theatrically released ﬁlms only. This means that we are not able to directly estimate the eﬀects of a EU DSM in an environment that includes the long tail of ﬁlms (i.e. ﬁlms that would not be released in theaters but that would be available in digital format). Second, while the set of ﬁlms that become available under our simulation of a DSM is limited by our theatrical data, we implicitly assume that theatrical capacity constraints are not binding. In other words, we
Environmental biases in the study of ecological networks at the planetary scale

Ecological networks are increasingly studied at large spatial scales, expanding their focus from a conceptual tool for community ecology into one that also adresses questions in biogeography and macroecology. This effort is supported by increased access to standardized information on ecological networks, in the form of openly accessible databases. Yet, there has been no systematic evaluation of the fitness for purpose of these data to explore synthesis questions at very large spatial scales. In particular, because the sampling of ecological networks is a difficult task, they are likely to not have a good representation of the diversity of Earth’s bioclimatic conditions, likely to be spatially aggregated, and therefore unlikely to achieve broad representativeness. In this paper, we analyze over 1300 ecological networks in the mangal.io database, and discuss their coverage of biomes, and the geographic areas in which there is a deficit of data on ecological networks. Taken together, our results suggest that while some information about the global structure of ecological networks is available, it remains fragmented over space, with further differences by types of eco-logical interactions. This causes great concerns both for our ability to transfer knowledge from one region to the next, but also to forecast the structural change in networks under climate change.
Possible protective effect of olive leaves extract on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats

Paracetamol (PCM) overdose can cause hepatotoxicity with oxidative stress; the present study was carried out to establish the possible protective effect of olive leaves extract (OLE) on toxicity induced by paracetamol in adult male rats. Twenty four adult male rats were divided into four equal groups; control, olive leaves extract group, paracetamol group and olive leaves extract plus paracetamol group. Some biochemical parameters and liver histopathology were evaluated. PCM treatment significantly increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine and alpha-fetoprotein. Paracetamol was found to significantly increase malonaldehyde (MDA) and decrease glutathione reductase (GR) activity in tissue and significantly decrease total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum. Administration of OLE caused a significant decrease serum AST, ALT enzyme, total bilirubin, GGT, LDH, creatinine, urea, alpha-fetoprotein. Also, amelioration of oxidant – antioxidant status with olive leaves extract was observed in addition to a significant decrease in MDA and a significant increase in TAC in liver tissue with a significant increase in glutathione reductase (GR) and SOD in serum compared to paracetamol treated group The chemical pathological changes were in step with histopathological observation suggesting marked hepatoprotective result of olive leaves extract. It could be concluded that olive leaves extract (OLE) treatment may be effective in decreasing hepatic injury and oxidative stress induced by paracetamol overdose in male albino rats.
Large time behaviors of upwind schemes and B-schemes for Fokker-Planck equations on ℝ by jump processes

We revisit some standard schemes, including upwind schemes and some B-schemes, for linear conservation laws from the viewpoint of jump processes, allowing the study of them using probabilistic tools. For Fokker-Planck equations on R, in the case of weak confinement, we show that the numerical solutions converge to some stationary distributions. In the case of strong confinement, using a discrete Poincaré inequality, we prove that the O(h) numeric error under 1 norm is uniform in time, and establish the uniform exponential convergence to the steady states. Compared with the traditional results of exponential convergence of these schemes, our result is in the whole space without boundary. We also establish similar results on the torus for which the stationary solution of the scheme does not have detailed balance. This work could motivate better understanding of numerical analysis for conservation laws, especially parabolic conservation laws, in unbounded domains.