Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic Brodie’s Abscess of the Tarsal Cuboid: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Brodie's abscess of the tarsal cuboid is a relatively rare presentation of this disease. In this study, we present the case of a 20-year-old male with post-traumatic Brodie’s abscess of the tarsal cuboid that was left untreated for three years after the traumatic episode (penetrating injury with a sharp piece of wood). The patient presented pain over the injured area, limping, while plain foot radiographs showed a small lytic cavitary area in the cuboid. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of the abscess in a 2-cm diameter cavity in the cuboid bone and chronic inflammation of the surrounding plantar musculature. The treatment regime included curettage of the cavity, debridement of the inflammatory tissues, and administration of antibiotics, according to the cultures harvested intraoperatively, for six weeks. During this period, symptoms completely resolved.
Assessment of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change and Forest Fragmentation in the Garhwal Himalayan Region of India

The Garhwal Himalaya has experienced extensive deforestation and forest fragmentation, but data and documentation detailing this transformation of the Himalaya are limited. The aim of this study is to analyse the observed changes in land cover and forest fragmentation that occurred between 1976 and 2014 in the Garhwal Himalayan region in India. Three images from Landsat 2 Multispectral Scanner System (MSS), Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) were used to extract the land cover maps. A cross-tabulation detection method in the geographic information system (GIS) module was used to detect land cover changes during the 1st period (1976–1998) and 2nd period (1998–2014). The landscape fragmentation tool LFT v2.0 was used to construct a forest fragmentation map and analyse the forest fragmentation pattern and change during the 1st period (1976–1998) and 2nd period (1998–2014). The overall annual rate of change in the forest cover was observed to be 0.22% and 0.27% in the 1st period (1976–1998) and 2nd period (1998–2014), respectively. The forest fragmentation analysis shows that a large core forest has decreased throughout the study period. The total area of forest patches also increased from 1976 to 2014, which are completely degraded forests. The results indicate that anthropogenic activities are the main causes of the loss of forest cover and forest fragmentation, but that natural factors also contributed. An increase in the area of scrub and barren land also contributed to the accumulation of wasteland or non-forest land in this region. Determining the trend and the rate of land cover conversion is necessary for development planners to establish a rational land use policy.
Episodic slab rollback and back-arc extension in the Yunnan-Burma region: Insights from Cretaceous Nb-enriched and oceanic-island basalt–like mafic rocks

One highly debated topic related to the nature of the Cretaceous mantle and geodynamic processes in SE Asia is whether they were dominated by the Tethyan or Pacific Ocean subductions. The main reason for this puzzle is the lack of geochemical studies on mantle-derived mafic rocks in SE Asia. In this paper, we report Early Cretaceous Nb-enriched diabases (ca. 139 Ma) and Late Cretaceous Nb-enriched (ca. 68 Ma) and oceanic-island basalt (OIB)−like (ca. 73 Ma) amphibolites from the Ailaoshan tectonic zone in the Yunnan-Burma region. The ca. 139 Ma diabases and ca. 68 Ma amphibolites display similar geochemical features with typical Nb-enriched basalts, e.g., high Na 2 O, TiO 2 , and Nb (>7 ppm) contents, and high (Nb/Th) PM , (Nb/La) PM , and Nb/U ratios. Unlike adakite-associated Nb-enriched basalts, our Nb-enriched diabases and ampibolites were derived through mixing between OIB-like and arc-like mantle source components in the spinel stability field ( 2 and Nb (20.0−26.0 ppm) contents, and OIB-like rare earth element patterns and trace-element spidergrams. The OIB-like rocks were generated by a low degree of partial melting of garnet-facies peridotite (>80 km). In combination with previous Cretaceous to early Eocene age data from granitoids, three significant magmatic flare-ups are identified at 140−115 Ma, 75−64 Ma, and 55−50 Ma, with two magmatic gaps at 115−75 Ma and 64−55 Ma. Given the distances of the studied area from the Pacific and Neotethyan trenches (2400−5000 km and 320 km, respectively), these Cretaceous igneous rocks more likely formed in a Neotethyan subduction-related tectonic setting, rather than a Pacific Ocean−related setting. We propose a tectonic model involving episodic flat slab subduction, slab rollback, and intracontinental back-arc extension for Neotethyan subduction in the Yunnan-Burma region.
The Neuroprotective Role of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Wild) Supplementation in Hippocampal Morphology and Memory of Adolescent Stressed Rats

Brain physiology and morphology are vulnerable to chronic stress, impacting cognitive performance and behavior. However, functional compounds found in food may alleviate these alterations. White quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Wild) seeds contain a high content of n-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid. This study aimed to evaluate the potential neuroprotective role of a quinoa-based functional food (QFF) in rats. Prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with rat chow or QFF (50% rat chow + 50% dehydrated quinoa seeds) and exposed or not to restraint stress protocol (2 h/day; 15 days). Four experimental groups were used: Non-stressed (rat chow), Non-stressed + QFF, Stressed (rat chow) and Stressed + QFF. Weight gain, locomotor activity (open field), anxiety (elevated plus maze, light-dark box), spatial memory (Y-maze), and dendritic length in the hippocampus were measured in all animals. QFF intake did not influence anxiety-like behaviors, while the memory of stressed rats fed with QFF improved compared to those fed with rat chow. Additionally, QFF intake mitigated the stress-induced dendritic atrophy in pyramidal neurons located in the CA3 area of the hippocampus. The results suggest that a quinoa-supplemented diet could play a protective role in the memory of chronically stressed rats.
Consumers’ Behavior toward Packaging Containing Agricultural Waste as a Plastic Filler for Food: An Exploratory Study

Agricultural waste can be used as a plastic filler during the production of packaging, reducing the environmental impact and raw material consumption while supporting the circular economy. Despite so many efforts being made in development and characterization, consumers’ behavior toward packaging containing agricultural waste as a plastic filler for food is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate consumers’ awareness of and liking for packaging containing agricultural waste as a plastic filler and consumers’ perception and purchase intent of food in such packaging. Consumer survey research was conducted using an in-person questionnaire containing Likert scale, hedonic scale, and guide-type questions completed by 86 participants after showing them bread packaged in pouches made of plastic containing agricultural waste and a prompt in August of 2019. The responses were first analyzed as a whole and further evaluated using demographic and psychographic characteristics. Participants liked the use of agricultural waste to produce food packages and were willing to purchase food (bread) in this novel packaging. The aspect “reduction of harmful environmental impacts” was very important to participants if they were to purchase packaging containing agricultural waste. About 50% of participants were unsure of the performance of this packaging in terms of food quality and safety and >25% perceived no effect. Differences (p ≤ 0.05) within the groups for specific demographic and psychographic characteristics and two-way interactions between them were found. This study shows that food packaging containing agricultural waste should be well received and that packaging choices that affect the environment, like packaging containing agricultural waste, depend on consumers’ mindset. Thus, educating consumers could contribute to reducing the packaging impact on the environment and to boosting environmentally friendly packaging acceptance.
Sitting Less, Recovering Faster: Investigating the Relationship between Daily Sitting Time and Muscle Recovery following Intense Exercise: A Pilot Study

(1) There is growing concern surrounding the adverse effects of prolonged sitting on health, yet its impact on post-exercise recovery remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to better understand the potential influence of habitual prolonged sitting on recovery time and the unfavorable impact prolonged sitting may have on time to recovery, as assessed by muscle damage and inflammatory markers and an isokinetic dynamometer. (2) Nine college-age men (mean age ± SD = 22.1 ± 3.1 years, body mass = 80.9 ± 15.7 kg, height = 171 ± 9.0 cm, Body Mass Index (BMI) = 27.6 ± 4.9 kg·m2) participated in an exhaustive exercise protocol. Creatine Kinase (CK), Myoglobin (Mb), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), White Blood Cell Count (WBC), Peak Torque (PT), and muscle soreness were measured at baseline and 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. Dietary and exercise logs were maintained during the 5-day testing procedure. (3) No significant differences were observed in muscle damage markers (CK [p = 0.068] and Mb [p = 0.128]), inflammatory markers (CRP [p = 0.814] and WBC [p = 0.140]), or PT [p = 0.255]) at any time point. However, a significant positive correlation was found between daily sitting time and the percent increase in CK concentration from 0 h to 72 h (r = 0.738, p = 0.023). Strong correlations were also noted between prolonged sitting and percent change in Mb concentration at 48 h (r = 0.71, p = 0.033) and 72 h (r = 0.889, p = 0.001). There was a significant two-way interaction for time × velocity (p = 0.043) for PT with a simple main effect for time at 60°·s−1 (p = 0.038). No significant associations were detected between daily carbohydrate or protein intake and recovery markers (p > 0.05). (4) The findings suggest minimizing daily sitting time may expedite and potentially aid muscle recovery after an intense exercise bout, although further research is warranted to validate these findings.
Principal’s Managerial Conceptual Skills and Teachers Job Performance in Secondary Schools in Nigeria

This paper is a review study that examines the impact of principals’ managerial conceptual skills on teacher’s job performance in secondary schools in Nigeria and beyond. Secondary data were used in the paper. The data were sourced from print and online publications. The result collected revealed that 83% agreed principal’s managerial conceptual skills have an impact on teachers’ job performance in secondary schools. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations were made that the government should design training programmes for school principals on how to apply the appropriate managerial styles and skills in every situation that arises in school administration. Principals should supervise, guide and help teachers to improve their professional skills by supporting the teachers and providing necessary resources for them to work.
CD8 T Cell Exhaustion in Cancers And IBD

People are increasingly at risk of inflammatory bowel disease and tumours due to diet and lifestyle. CD8T cells are immune cells, but they are frequently depleted. So far, the relationship between CD8T exhaustion and disease is unclear, and the relationship needs to be sought for further treatment. In the study, changes in glutamine levels in CD8T cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells were found to influence CD8T cell depletion and replicative expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Regarding the pathogenic factors of IBD, the depletion of CD8T cells has been found to be associated with the pathogenic factors of IBD. Tumours are favoured by changes in cholesterol levels in the tumour microenvironment. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of CD8T cell depletion in inflammation and tumors.
EFFECT OF MULCHING AND CROP GEOMETRY ON SEED PRODUCTION IN OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]

The present investigation entitled “Effect of mulching and crop geometry on seed production in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus ( L.) Moench] was carried out using cv. P-8. The experiment was carried out in Split-Split Plot Design in the field and in Completely Randomized Block Design (Factorial) in Laboratory with three replications of each treatment combination at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during Kharif 2014. The treatment combinations comprised of four different mulches (M) viz., no mulch (M1), black-plastic mulch (M2), silver-black plastic mulch (M3) and crop residue mulch (M4); three row layouts with constant population (L) viz., recommended single row 60×20 cm spacing (L1), double row (75+45)×20 cm spacing (L2), and double row (90+30)×20 cm spacing (L3) and two plant layouts (P) viz., rectangle (P1), and triangle (P2). The observations in field were recorded on plant height (cm) 30 days after sowing (DAS), 60 days after sowing (DAS) and at final harvest, days to ripe fruit harvest, number of ripe fruit per plant, ripe fruit yield per plant (g), number of seeds per fruit, seed yield per plant (g), seed yield per plot (g), seed yield per hectare (q), per cent seed recovery, 100 seed weight (g) and benefit: cost ratio. While the observations recorded in the laboratory were seed germination (%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), seed vigour index-I & II. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the treatment combinations for all the characters studied. The treatment combination silver-black mulch, double row (75+45)×20 cm spacing and triangle method of planting (M3L2P2) was found significantly superior over all other treatments in terms of growth characters, fruit yield characters, seed yield characters, seed quality characters and had maximun benefit: cost ratio. Therefore, silver-black mulch in combination with double row (75+45)x20 cm spacing and triangle plant layout i.e. M3L2P2 can be recommended after multi years and multi locations testing for commercial seed production of okra in Himachal Pradesh. Signature of Major Advisor Signature of the student Countersigned Professor and Head Department of Seed Science and Technology Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (HP)-173 230
Estimating Soil Loss Abatement Curves with Primary Survey Data and Hydrologic Models: An Empirical Example for Livestock Production in an East Tennessee Watershed

Government subsidy programs incentivize livestock managers to adopt best management practices (BMPs), such as rotational grazing, water tank systems, stream crossings, and pasture improvement to prevent or reduce soil erosion. This paper addresses the challenge of integrating socio-economic data on BMP adoption behavior with hydrologic/biophysical models to analyze the association between incentives, BMP adoption, and changes in soil erosion rates. Using primary survey data of livestock producers in an East Tennessee watershed, this research estimates willingness to adopt BMPs among livestock producers. The propensity to adopt one or multiple management technologies, given an incentive, is estimated with a multivariate probit regression. The likelihood producers adopt one or a combination of practices is then integrated into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model to generate soil loss abatement curves for the watershed. Abatement curves specific to each hydrologic response unit (HRU) comprising the watershed are estimated and then aggregated to determine an aggregate abatement curve for the watershed. Based on the abatement curves, HRU are ranked according to cost efficiency.
Late Quaternary History and Evolution of the Cerrados as Revealed by Palynological Records

Whether cerrados are anthropogenic or natural formations has been a matter of strong debate over the last century. The fact is that cerrados and forests can occur in the same region, at the same latitude, under the same climatic conditions (chapters 2, 6). These observations generated two types of hypotheses about the origin of the cerrado. The first favors the human-induced origin of the vegetation and is based on observations of fire-adapted species, which suggest that cerrados would result from the development of dry forests under the influence of fire (Lund 1835; Loefgren 1897; Aubreville 1961; Schnell 1961; Eiten 1972). The second hypothesis supports the natural origin of the cerrados based on the occurrence of cerrados in areas only recently colonized by humans, and on the discovery of extinct giant mammals living in open forest landscapes at the end of the Pleistocene (Warming 1918 in Warming and Ferri 1973; Azevedo 1965; Cartelle 1991; Guerin 1991; Vilhena Vialou et al. 1995). Palynological research started in Brazil at the end of the 1980s and has provided an excellent tool for the elucidation of patterns and causes of vegetation and climate change. Pollen grains accumulated in lakes or bogs are well preserved in sedimentary deposits and can show how the vegetation changed through time and space. The construction of pollen reference collections and publication of a pollen atlas for the cerrados (Salgado-Labouriau 1973) has facilitated the research. In this chapter I will first give a definition of the cerrado in terms of modern pollen rain and subsequently review the published fossil pollen diagrams
Ancient Runoff Harvesting Agriculture in the Hyper‐Arid Uvda Valley of Israel: An Agro‐Hydrological Assessment

Archaeological surveys conducted since the 1980s in the hyper‐arid Uvda Valley of southern Israel revealed extensive lands with runoff harvesting systems for growing barley and wheat during ancient times. Despite the impossibility of dating the earth and stone installations of terraces and limans due to their decay over time, a wealth of ancient agricultural tools located across the valley revealed inhabitation between the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and Early Bronze ages. Also, cropping of barley in the valley's runoff harvesting systems took place until the 1950s by local Bedouin populations. The objective of this study was to assess the valley's agronomic potential under current climatic conditions. This was assessed by the analysis of precipitation (P) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) data for the rainy seasons during a 17‐year period between 1999–2000 and 2015–2016. Using the ETo data and the single crop coefficient (Kc) for barley and wheat allowed the calculation of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and the seasonal soil water deficit (D). Hydrological assessment of the valley's basin allowed the calculation of potential runoff volumes which could be available for agricultural use on the valley floor. Overall, the results showed a potential for successful cereal cultivation only in one to two years during this 17‐year period. This revealed no viability for local agriculture under current climatic conditions. Insights from this study consist with other studies which indicated considerably drier climatic conditions at present compared to those in ancient times, and even compared to those in the mid‐twentieth century. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF ROCKY DESERTIFICATION GRADES, PLANT DIVERSITY AND SOIL FACTORS IN CENTRAL HUNAN OF CHINA

Karst rocky desertification (RD) in central Hunan is a part of karst land degradation in southwest China. The change in grade of RD, or succession, has led to ecological degradation and seriously hindered socioeconomic development. RD succession is influenced by soil and vegetation. Taking central Hunan regions as a study area and using SPSS17.0 statistical software, we investigated the correlation between RD grades, plant diversity index and soil factors. Results showed that RD grades showed a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter (OM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The plant diversity index was positively correlated with the soil fertility index and showed a significant positive correlation with OM and available elements. Further analysis on the available elements showed that total plant diversity indices including Shannon-Wiener index H', Pielou index E and Simpson P had significant positive correlations with available magnesium (AMg). Total plant diversity indices E and P had significant positive correlations with available calcium (ACa). These conditions might have closely reflected the particular microhabitat types of RD regions. The correlation between RD grades, vegetation and soil factors suggested that the relationship of the three was co-evolutionary. To enhance RD control and treatment effectiveness, increasing the content of the ACa and AMg may be more impactful than increasing the content of OM in central Hunan.
Instructional Guidelines on Selected Health Outcomes among Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis

: Background : Knee osteoarthritis is common in elderly people, and causes pain, loss of physical functioning, and disability . Elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis have relatively poor health-related quality of life, manifested mainly by pain. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of instructional guidelines on selected health outcomes among the elderly with knee osteoarthritis. Research Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct the current study. Settings: This study was conducted at the rehabilitation units of three hospitals (Souad Kafafi University Hospital, Al Sheekh Zayeed Hospital and Central 6 th October Hospital). Subjects: A purposive sample of 80 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis. Tools for data collection: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool I: A structured interview or self-administered questionnaire to assess patients' demographic data and health status; Tool II: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) to assess patient-relevant outcomes following a knee injury. Results: This study revealed that; 43.7% of the study subjects were between 60 to <70 years with a mean age of 68 ± 1.367, and 60.2% were males. There was a highly statistically significant difference between patients' osteoarthritis outcome scores pre/post implementation of the instructional guidelines in all items except fully bending of the knee, going up or down stairs, knee stiffness after waking in the morning and ascending stairs. However, there was marked improvement post-implementation of the instructional guidelines. Conclusion: Designed and implemented instructional guidelines had a positive effect on improving selected health outcomes among the elderly with knee osteoarthritis Recommendation: Develop and apply similar instructional guidelines for studying more health outcomes among the elderly with knee osteoarthritis.
A study on the flora of spermatophyte in Xiaowutai Mountains

Xiaowutai Mountains, located in the northwest of Hebei Province, is situated between 39°50′～ 40°07′ Nlatitude and 114°47′～ 115° 30′ Elongitude. There are 1 148 species of seed plants, belongs to 467 genera and 97 families in Xiaowutai Mountains. The areal-types of the genera are abundant. Analysis of the floristic elements shows that the temperate distribution elements, having 280 genera and accounting for 69.31% in total genera (excluding cosmopolitan), hold a dominant position.Moreover the floristic geographic compositions of seed plants of Xiaowutai Mountains and some mountains, China were studied by using the analysis of similarity coefficient of genus respectively, and the results indicated that there is higher homogeneity and close relationship between the floristic elements of Xiaowutai Mountains and Dongling Mountains, Wuling Mountains, and some similarity with Guandi Mountains and Taiyue Mountains, However, there is less similarity between that of Xiaowutai Mountains and Changbai Mountains, Tai Mountains, Funiu Mountains, Shennongjia Mountains.