Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Column Chromatographic Fractionation and Evaluation of In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Enriched Extracts of Some Selected Citrus Fruit Peels

It is a long and tedious process to isolate pure and pharmacologically active constituents from plants. This study aimed to enrich flavonoids of crude extracts from some selected citrus fruit peels and evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity of the flavonoid enriched extracts. Enrichment was carried out by partitioning crude extract using silica gel column chromatography, testing presence of flavonoid in each fractions and pooling together positive fractions. Flavonoid contents were determined by colorimetric aluminum chloride. In vitro antioxidant properties were investigated by DPPH and Nitric Oxide radical scavenging, and reducing power activity assay. Lemon peel’s flavonoid enriched extract showed significantly the highest flavonoid contents (9.57 ± 0.38). Orange peel’s flavonoid enriched extract showed significantly the lowest flavonoid content (3.7 ± 0.45). Lemon peel’s flavonoid enriched extract showed higher DPPH radical scavenging (75.60 ± 2.38%) at 100 µg/ml than Vitamin C. Orange peel’s flavonoid enriched extract showed the highest Nitric Oxide scavenging (88.32 ± 1.37%) at 1000 µg/ml and reducing power (0.45 ± 0.5%) at 800µg/ml as compared to other flavonoid enriched extracts. A strong correlation between flavonoid enriched extracts of citrus fruit peel and antioxidant activity was failed to demonstrate by regression analysis. In conclusion, antioxidant activity of flavonoid enriched extracts of citrus fruit peels was confirmed.
Multi- To Single-Joint or the Reverse Exercise Order Does Not Affect Pectoralis Major Workout Performance

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of multi- to single-joint or the reverse exercise order on repetition performance and perceived exertion for the pectoralis major. Fourteen trained men (24.05 ± 4.17 yrs, 78.85 ± 3.51 kg, 175.42 ± 4.01 cm) underwent two different training sequences (SEQ1 and SEQ2). In SEQ1, all subjects performed 5 sets for maximal repetitions, with a 2-min rest interval, of the bench press followed by the machine chest fly with 10 repetitions maximum load. In SEQ2, the same procedures were repeated, but with the reverse order. The t-test did not show any differences (p = 0.140) in total workout repetitions between SEQ1 (62.22 ± 11.00 repetitions) and SEQ2 (55.40 ± 8.51 repetitions). Conversely, the total repetition number for the bench press exercise was significantly greater (p = 0.001) following SEQ1 (34.36 ± 4.68 repetitions) compared to SEQ2 (25.85 ± 6.73 repetitions). In contrast, the total repetition number for the machine chest fly exercise following SEQ2 was significantly greater (p = 0.001) (33.50 + 4.11 repetitions) compared to SEQ1 (27.85 ± 6.52 repetitions). Despite no significant differences found for the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) values between SEQ1 and SEQ2 for the barbell bench press in all sets (p ≥ 0.083), significantly higher RPE values for the machine chest fly were observed over the first three sets following SEQ1 compared to SEQ2 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the total workout repetitions were not significantly different when performing the traditional multi- to single-joint or the reverse exercise order when training the pectoralis major muscle.
Part-whole information is useful in visual search for size X size but not orientation X orientation conjunctions

In visual search tasks, subjects look for a target among a variable number of distractor items, If the target is defined by a conjunction of two different features (e.g., color X orientation), efficient search is possible when parallel processing of information about color and about orientation is used to guide the deployment of attention to the target. Another type of conjunction search has targets defined by two instances of one type offeature (e.g, a conjunction of two colors). In this case, search is inefficient when the target is an item defined by parts of two different colors but much more effi cient if the target can be described as a whole item of one color with a part of another color (Wolfe, Friedman-Hill, & Bilsky, 1994). In this paper, we show that the same distinction holds for size. "Part whole" size X size conjunction searches are efficient; "part-part" searches are not (Experi ments 1-3), In contrast, all orientation X orientationsearches are inefficient (Experiments 4-6). This difference between preattentive processing of color and size, on the one hand, and orientation, on the other, may reflect structural relationships between features in real-world objects. Finding one item among many is a task that is faced fre quently and solved routinely by the visual system. In labo ratory versions of these visual-search tasks, subjects are presented with a variable number ofitems and must decide whether or not a designated target item is present among the distractor items. Search efficiency is constrained by the way in which the target differs from the distractors. For in stance, if some feature of the target is unique, say, color, size, or orientation, and ifthe distractor items are homoge neous, search is usually very efficient. Indeed, these "fea ture" searches often appear to occur
Slicing mixed Bing–Whitehead doubles

We show that if K is any knot whose Ozsváth–Szabó concordance invariant τ (K) is positive, the all‐positive Whitehead double of any iterated Bing double of K is topologically but not smoothly slice. We also show that the all‐positive Whitehead double of any iterated Bing double of the Hopf link (for example, the all‐positive Whitehead double of the Borromean rings) is not smoothly slice; it is not known whether these links are topologically slice.
Use of contraceptive methods by female adolescents in Restinga and extremo sul community in southern Brazil

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of contraceptives use among female adolescents and to describe their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out at the Community Management District “Restinga/Extremo Sul”, in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, from July to December 2009. The sample included 487 adolescents aged ten to 19 years old, who live in this community. The main outcome was the use of contraceptive method alone or in association whit other methods; independent variables were age, skin color, social class, marital status, education level in years, marital situation, job, religion, unplanned pregnancy and abortion. Results: Among the interviewed adolescents, 51% had 15-19 years old, 67% were white, 29% and 59% respectively belonged to A/B and C socio-economical levels. The first sexual intercourse occurred on average at 15 years old. The use of contraceptive methods was reported by 75% of sexually active teens. The pill was the most frequently mentioned method (62%), followed by condoms (38%) and non-oral hormonal contraceptives (injectable or implant, 16%). No significant association was found between the use of any contraceptive method and demographic and socioeconomic variables. Conclusions: The number of sexually active teenagers who do not use effective contraception (25%) is alarming.
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le Memory for Self-Performed Act ions in Adults with Aut ism Spectrum Disorder : Why Does Memory of Self Decline in ASD ?

The decline in self-related memory in ASD was investigated by using encoding, forgetting, and source monitoring. Participants memorized action sentences verbally, observationally, or by enacted encoding. Then, they underwent recall, recognition, and source monitoring memory tests immediately and one week later. If the information were properly encoded, memory performance in the enacted encoding would be the highest (Enactment effect). The result of memory tests in ASD and TD people showed that enacted encoding was superior. However, recall and source monitoring in ASD was significantly lower than in TD, which was not the case for recognition and forgetting. These results suggest that the decline in memory of self in ASD is associated with a deficit in memory reconstruction and source monitoring.
Quantification of Fatty Acids and their Regioisomeric Distribution in Triacylglycerols from Porcine and Bovine Sources Using <fc><sup>13</sup>C NMR</fc> Spectroscopy

The uptake of specific fatty acids in humans is dependent on their position on the glycerol backbone. There is a great interest in methods that can access this information fast and accurately. By way of high-resolution NMR, we have analyzed TAG extracted from pig and beef tissues and obtained quantitative data for the composition and regioisomeric distribution of all major unsaturated fatty acids usually found in these source materials, using a combination of manual integration and deconvolution of C NMR spectra. In addition, we have developed a method for determining composition and regioisomeric distribution of the two main saturated fatty acids found in pork (16:0, 18:0). The results are discussed in relation to species-specific genetic characteristics of fatty acid and TAG biosynthesis. The developed method could support decisions related to breeding for desired fatty acid profiles, and stimulate further methodology developments using high field NMR.
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Shisha Smoking Among Health College Students at Princess Nourah University. CURRENT STATUS: UNDER REVIEW

Background Despite the negative effects of tobacco use, Saudi Arabia is one of the leading causes of death globally. In Saudi Arabia, 17.1% of both sexes and 3.0% of females aged 15 or older smoke. One common way to consume tobacco is through a shisha (waterpipe). This study aims to measure the knowledge of the negative health effects and attitudes toward shisha use among health college students at Princess Nourah University (PNU) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at PNU’s health colleges, with the 525 student participants selected evenly from each college by using cluster sampling into five health colleges(College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Nursing, Dentistry, Medicine and Pharmacy), data was collected by a pretested, structured questionnaire and was coded, entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v.20. Results 15.4% is the percentage for who had a history of smoked shisha. The percentage of current smokers was 4.19%. There was no association between the knowledge and shisha smoking practice ( P = .603). practice
McKenna On singular boundary value problems for the Monge - Ampere operator

Upon roll-forming an end plate of hemispherical and other cup-like or dish-like configurations, a raw material disc is placed between outer die means consisting of a top outer forming die that can be vertically moved by a drive source and can be freely rotated and at least a pair of left and right outer forming rolls adapted to move along predetermined moving paths and inner die means consisting of a top inner forming die held at a predetermined position that can be driven in rotation by a drive source, and a middle inner forming roll a bottom inner roll both of which are freely rotatable, the outer die means is depressed against the inner die means, and said pair of outer forming rolls are moved along said moving paths so as to press said raw material disc against the middle inner forming roll and the bottom inner forming roll, respectively, one of said outer forming rolls being moved within an effective forming range of the middle inner forming roll, while the other being moved within an effective forming range of the bottom inner forming roll. The effective forming ranges of the middle and bottom inner forming rolls, respectively, are partly overlapped with each other. In an apparatus for effecting the above-described roll-forming operation, an effective forming angle of the bottom inner forming roll is chosen larger than an effective forming angle of the middle inner forming roll.
Phytochemistry / Fitoquímica P HENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF CHILCUAGUE ( H ELIOPSIS LONGIPES , A STERACEAE ) C ANTIOXIDANTE METANÓLICOS

Heliopsis longipes root is the widely used organ from the plant due to its culinary and medicinal importance. Nevertheless, during its collection the foliage is discarded. Therefore, it is required to perform studies about the phytochemical content with biological activity present in the different plant organs of the foliage, for a better exploitation of the plant. The concentration of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity varies according to the type of plant organ and the geographic location of the plant collection. In this study, they were analyzed the methanolic extracts from H. longipes leaves and flowers, in order to determine the content of the phenolic compounds and scavenging of radicals activity (DPPH • and ABTS •+ ). Further characterization of the extracts was carried out by chromatography (UPLC). The total content of polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins varied in depending on the type of plant organ and the origin site of H. longipes , being the leaves of Beltran those that represent the best source of phenolic compounds with scavenging activity of the radicals DPPH • and ABTS •+ . In the extracts, phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified. The geographical climatic conditions influence the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts from leaves and flowers of H. longipes .
Definable linear orders definably embed into lexicographic orders in o-minimal structures

We completely characterize definable linear orders in o-minimal structures expanding groups. For example, let (P,<_p) be a linear order definable in the real field R. Then (P,<_p) embeds definably in (R^{n+1},<_l), where <_l is the lexicographic order and n is the o-minimal dimension of P. This improves a result of Onshuus and Steinhorn in the o-minimal group context.
Characterizing the GHG emission impacts of carsharing: a case of Vancouver

Carsharing exemplifies a growing trend towards service provision displacing ownership of capital goods.We developed amodel to quantify the impact of carsharing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The study took into account different types of households and their trip characteristics. The analysis considersfive factors bywhich carsharing can impactGHG emissions: transportation mode change,fleet vintage, vehicle optimization,more efficient drive trains within each vehicle type, and trip aggregation. Access to carsharing has already been shown to lead some users to relinquish ownership of their personal vehicle.Wefind that evenwithout a reduction in vehicle-kilometers traveled the change in characteristics of the vehicles used in carsharing fleets can reduceGHGs by more than 30%. Shifting some trips to public transit provides a further 10%–20% reduction inGHGs.
Congruent Numbers Via the Pell Equation and its Analogous Counterpart

The aim of this expository article is twofold. The first is to introduce several polynomials of one variable as well as two variables defined on the positive integers with values as congruent numbers. The second is to present connections between Pythagorean triples and the Pell equation $x^2-dy^2=1$ plus its analogous counterpart $x^2-dy^2=-1$ which give rise to congruent numbers n with arbitrarily many prime factors.
ENGLISH EQUIVALENT TRANSLATIONS FOR SUFFIX -NYA

Suffix-nya is one of suffixes in Bahasa Indonesia which has various functions. Those varieties cause various forms of equivalent translation in English. Thus, this research aims at investigating the equivalent translation of suffix-nya and its functions. Applying documentary research, the researchers gathered the data in form of Indonesian sentence consisting suffix-nya and its translation from a novel Laskar Pelangi and its English version The Rainbow Troops. Further, this research was conducted under the qualitative method. The result of the analysis shows various equivalent translations and their functions. It is finally reported that the suffix-nya has six alternative equivalent translations; they are pronoun (his, her, their, its, he, his, her, them, and it), apostrophe (-‘s), article (the), demonstrative (this), adverb (-ly), and verb (modal + auxiliary: would be and should have, copular verb; seem). Other than the equivalents, there are seven functions found; they are possessive marker, objective pronoun, subjective pronoun, definite article, deictic marker, adverbial former, and predicate. Dealing with the context of sentences or discourse and understanding it helps to decide the best equivalent translation for suffix –nya which is pertained to a particular constituent of the sentences.Keywords: context, equivalent translation, function of the equivalence, suffix -nya PADANAN BAHASA INGGRIS UNTUK SUFIKS -NYAAbstrakSufiks –nya merupakan salah satu bentuk sufiks dalam bahasa Indonesia yang memiliki beragam fungsi. Ragam fungsi tersebut memunculkan beberapa bentuk terjemahan dalam bahasa Inggris. Berkenaan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini menilik padanan dan fungsi sufiks –nya. Sejalan dengan menerapkan analisis dokumen, data dikumpulkan dalam bentuk kalimat yang memiliki sufiks –nya dalam novel Laskar Pelangi dan terjemahan kalimat tersebut dalam novel The Rainbow Troops. Lebih jauh, metode kualitatif diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat dilaporkan bahwa terdapat enam bentuk padanan untuk sufiks –nya, yaitu pronomina (his, her, their, its, he, his, her, them, dan it), apostrof (-‘s), artikel (the), demonstratif (this), adverbia (-ly), and verba (modal + kata kerja bantu (auxiliary): would be and should have, verba kopula: seem). Selain padanan tersebut, terdapat tujuh fungsi yang ditemukan, yakni penanda posesif (possessive marker), objektif pronominal, subjektif pronominal, artikel definit (definite article), penanda deiktis (deictic marker), pembentuk adverbia (adverbial former), dan predikat (predicate). Selain itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa mengaitkan pada konteks kalimat dan memahaminya secara utuh merupakan langkah dalam menentukan dan mencari padanan sufiks –nya yang melekat pada konsituen tertentu dalam kalimat.Kata kunci: fungsi padanan, konteks, padanan, sufiks –nya, terjemahan
Spaces of small metric cotype

Naor and Mendel's metric cotype extends the notion of the Rademacher cotype of a Banach space to all metric spaces. Every Banach space has metric cotype at least 2. We show that any metric space that is bi-Lipschitz equivalent to an ultrametric space has infinimal metric cotype 1. We discuss the invariance of metric cotype inequalities under snowflaking mappings and Gromov-Hausdorff limits, and use these facts to establish a partial converse of the main result.
Occupation times of subcritical branching immigration systems with Markov motion, CLT and deviation principles

In this paper we consider two related stochastic models. The first one is a branching system consisting of particles moving according to a Markov family in ℝd and undergoing subcritical branching with a constant rate of V > 0. New particles immigrate to the system according to a homogeneous space-time Poisson random field. The second model is the superprocess corresponding to the branching particle system. We study rescaled occupation time process and the process of its fluctuations under mild assumptions on the Markov family. In the general setting a functional central limit theorem as well as large and moderate deviation principles are proved. The subcriticality of the branching law determines the behaviour in large time scales and it "overwhelms" the properties of the particles' motion. For this reason the results are the same for all dimensions and can be obtained for a wide class of Markov processes (both properties are unusual for systems with critical branching).
Mock Theta Functions

The mock theta functions were invented by the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, who lived from 1887 until 1920. He discovered them shortly before his death. In this dissertation, I consider several of the examples that Ramanujan gave of mock theta functions, and relate them to real-analytic modular forms of weight 1/2. In Chapter 1, I consider a sum, which was also studied by Lerch. This Lerch sum transforms almost as a Jacobi form under substitutions in (upsilon, nu, tau ). I show that the transformation behaviour becomes that of a Jacobi form if we add a (relatively simple) correction term. This correction term is real-analytic in (upsilon, nu, tau) but not holomorphic. For special values of (upsilon, nu), we could call the Lerch sum (considered as a function of tau ) a mock theta function, although these examples were not considered by Ramanujan. In Chapter 2, I consider theta functions for indefinite quadratic forms. These indefinite theta functions are modified versions of theta functions introduced by Gottsche and Zagier. I find elliptic and modular transformation properties of these functions, similar to the properties of theta functions associated to positive definite quadratic forms. In the case of positive definite quadratic forms, the theta functions are holomorphic. The theta functions in the chapter are not holomorphic. By taking special values of certain parameters, we get most of the examples of mock theta functions given by Ramanujan. Andrews gave most of the fifth order mock theta functions as Fourier coefficients of meromorphic Jacobi forms, namely certain quotients of ordinary Jacobi theta-series. This is the motivation for the study of the modularity of Fourier coefficients of meromorphic Jacobi forms, in Chapter 3. We find that modularity follows on adding a real-analytic correction term to the Fourier coefficients. In Chapter 4, I use the results from Chapter 2 to get the modular transformation properties of the seventh-order mock v-functions and most of the fifth-order functions. The final result is that we can write each of these mock theta-functions as the sum of two functions ? and G, where: - ? is a real-analytic modular form of weight 1/2 and is an eigenfunction of the appropriate Casimir operator with eigenvalue 3/16 (this is also the eigenvalue of holomorphic modular forms of this weight); and - G is a theta series associated to a negative definite unary quadratic form. Moreover G is bounded as ? tends vertically to any rational limit. Many of the results of Chapter 4 could be deduced using the methods from Chapter 1 or Chapter 3 instead of Chapter 2. This means that I have actually given three approaches to proving modularity properties of the mock theta -functions.
Koszul duality and modular representations of semi-simple Lie algebras

In this paper we prove that if G is a connected, simply-connected, semi-simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of sufficiently large characteristic, then all the blocks of the restricted enveloping algebra (Ug)_0 of the Lie algebra g of G can be endowed with a Koszul grading (extending results of Andersen, Jantzen and Soergel). We also give information about the Koszul dual rings. Our main tool is the localization theory in positive characteristic developed by Bezrukavnikov, Mirkovic and Rumynin.