Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A wavelet‐based variational multiscale method for the LES of incompressible flows in a high‐order DG‐FEM framework

This work focuses upon the development of a wavelet‐based variant of the variational multiscale method (VMS) for accurate and efficient large eddy simulation (LES) called wavelet‐based VMS‐LES (WMS‐LES). This approach has been incorporated within the framework of a high‐order incompressible flow solver based upon the pressure‐stabilized discontinuous Galerkin finite element method (DG‐FEM). The VMS approach is designed to produce an a priori scale separation of the governing equations, in a manner which makes no assumptions on either the boundary conditions or the mesh uniformity. Using second‐generation wavelets (SGWs) elementwise for scale separation ensures, on one hand, the preservation of the computational compactness of the DG‐FEM scheme and, on the other hand, the ability to achieve scale separation in wavenumber space. The optimal space‐frequency localization property of the SGW provides an improvement over the commonly used Legendre polynomials. The suitability of the elementwise SGW scale‐separation operation as a tool for error indication has been demonstrated in an h‐adaptive computation of the reentrant corner test case. Finally, the DG‐FEM solver and the WMS‐LES method have been assessed through simulations upon the three‐dimensional Taylor‐Green vortex test case. Our results indicate that the WMS‐LES approach exhibits a distinct improvement over the monolevel LES approach. This effect is not produced by a change in the magnitude of the subgrid dissipation but rather by the redistribution of the subgrid dissipation in wavenumber space.
Design of point focusing lens antenna for high‐temperature plasma diagnosis

A high temperature point focusing lens antenna was proposed in this article. The lens antenna mainly includes three parts: a point focusing lens, a feed source, and a support frame. The lens is made of high‐temperature resistant quartz material, and the feed and support structure are also made of high‐temperature resistant metal. In addition, the dielectric constant of quartz is ε r = 3.78, which is higher than that of the conventional Teflon material (with a ε r=2.1). Under the lens of the same diameter, the thickness is only 50.5% of that of the Teflon material, and the weight is only 51.5% of the Teflon material. To verify the design, the antenna was processed and measured. According to the test results, the focal resolution of the lens in the range of 26.5 to 40 GHz is less than 24.5 mm. As the frequency increases, the resolution gradually becomes smaller, which is consistent with the theory. This design method provides a very good application example for high‐temperature antennas.
Effects of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcings on the Summer Temperature Variations in East Asia during the 20th Century

The effects of the emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs), aerosols, and natural forcing on the summer-mean surface air temperature (TAS) in the East Asia (EA) land surface in the 20th century are analyzed using six-member coupled model inter-comparison project 5 (CMIP5) general circulation model (GCM) ensembles from five single-forcing simulations. The simulation with the observed GHG concentrations and aerosol emissions reproduces well the land-mean EA TAS trend characterized by warming periods in the early (1911–1940; P1) and late (1971–2000; P3) 20th century separated by a cooling period (1941–1970; P2). The warming in P1 is mainly due to the natural variability related to GHG increases and the long-term recovery from volcanic activities in late-19th/early-20th century. The cooling in P2 occurs as the combined cooling by anthropogenic aerosols and increased volcanic eruptions in the 1960s exceeds the warming by the GHG increases and the nonlinear interaction term. In P3, the combined warming by GHGs and the interaction term exceeds the cooling by anthropogenic aerosols to result in the warming. The SW forcing is not driving the TAS increase in P1/P3 as the shortwave (SW) forcing is heavily affected by the increased cloudiness and the longwave (LW) forcing dominates the SW forcing. The LW forcing to TAS cannot be separated from the LW response to TAS, preventing further analyses. The interaction among these forcing affects TAS via largely modifying the atmospheric water cycle, especially in P2 and P3. Key forcing terms on TAS such as the temperature advection related to large-scale circulation changes cannot be analyzed due to the lack of model data.
Adaptive Control of Full-State Constrained High-Order Nonlinear Systems With Time-Varying Powers

This article studies full-state constrained control for high-order nonlinear systems with unknown multiple time-varying powers and serious parameter unknowns. Due to the simultaneous existence of unknown powers and full-state constraints, we construct a log-type quadratic barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) rather than a quadratic Lyapunov function. By skillfully combining the log-type BLF, adding a power integrator technique and adaptive technique, an adaptive state feedback controller is developed. Under feasibility conditions, which are provided as sufficient conditions for the existence of proposed full-state constrained control, it is proved that all the signals of the closed-loop system are bounded, original system states converge to zero and full-state constraints are not violated.
Synergies between Massive Stars and Metal-poor Dwarf Irregular Galaxies

Abstract The community of massive stars is working intensively on Local Group dwarf irregular galaxies (dIrr). They are a reservoir of metal-poor massive stars that serve to understand the physics of their higher redshift siblings and population III stars, interpret the farthest, most energetic SNe and GRBs, and compute feedback through Cosmic History. Along the way, we became interested in the recent star-formation history and initial mass-function of the host dIrr’s, their chemical evolution, and gas and dust content. Our team is working to unveil and characterize with spectroscopy the OB-stars in IC 1613, Sextans A and SagDIG, that form a sequence of decreasing metal content. We showcase some results to stimulate synergies between both communities.
Event‐triggered fault detection for switched systems with time‐varying sojourn probabilities

In this paper, a codesign strategy of an event‐triggered scheme and a fault detection filter (FDF) is developed for the networked switched systems with delayed measurements. A novel switching rule is proposed to better describe the switching behavior in a real system, under which the probability staying in each subsystem is time varying and results in a piecewise continuous system dynamics. An event‐triggered strategy based on the relative error with respect to the delayed measurement signal is established to reduce the communication burden. Our attention is concentrated on the construction of an event‐triggered fault detection technique for the proposed switched system with delayed measurements. Combining the stochastic analysis techniques and the average dwell time (ADT) method, a sufficient condition is obtained to guarantee the finite‐time boundedness of the generated residual system, the sensitivity of the residual signal to faults, and the disturbance attenuation of the switched system to external disturbances. Based on the established condition, a codesign strategy is developed to get the event‐triggered threshold and the FDF gain. Finally, two simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
Mapping the road for a new spiritual care policy: Identifying barriers and enhancing factors for providing spiritual care to cardiac patients

ABSTRACT This study is designed to explore barriers and solutions for providing spiritual care to hospitalized cardiac patients living in the Gaza Strip. A qualitative approach using a semi-structured interview format with 12 health care providers was used for data collection. Results revealed several barriers for providing spiritual care including inadequate preparation of staff, ambiguity of spirituality, lack of time, shortage of staff, policy barriers, and personal barriers. Participants suggested several strategies to overcome these barriers including policy innovation, organizational actions, educational and training preparation, and miscellaneous interventions.
O modelo de fama e french é aplicável no Brasil

O modelo de tres fatores de Fama e French foi aplicado com sucesso em alguns paises, em especial nos EUA, porem seu uso no Brasil apresenta alguns desafios. Este artigo analisou os parâmetros do modelo para verificar se as estimativas do custo de capital acionario que ele oferece sao razoaveis. O periodo amostral selecionado visou a maior estabilidade possivel dos parâmetros do modelo e compreendeu o periodo posterior ao Plano Real (a partir de julho de 1995) e terminou antes da crise financeira mundial (junho de 2007). Os tres fatores do modelo sao o premio de risco de mercado (PRM), um premio de acoes de alto valor contabil em relacao ao seu valor de mercado, as value stocks (HML) e um premio para as acoes de menor valor de mercado (SMB). Os testes realizados indicam que existem premios para as empresas pequenas e para as value stocks e que o modelo tem maior poder explicativo do que o modelo de fator unico. Contudo, as medias historicas dos premios HML e SMB sao muito elevadas, lancando duvidas sobre sua capacidade de gerar estimativas razoaveis para o calculo do custo de capital acionario de empresas brasileiras. Os coeficientes dos fatores HML e SMB apresentaram certa instabilidade nos diversos subperiodos analisados. O coeficiente do PRM, o beta, foi o unico significativo em todos os testes realizados e apresentou mais estabilidade. O custo do capital acionario foi calculado com os premios medios historicos e os coeficientes provenientes de periodos diversos. As estimativas obtidas somente com o PRM aparentam ser mais razoaveis, do ponto de vista financeiro, do que as oferecidas pelo modelo de tres fatores, cuja parametrizacao parece ser problematica para sua aplicacao no Brasil.
Design and in-field testing of the world’s first ReBCO rotor for a 3.6 MW wind generator

The main aim of the EU H2020 project EcoSwing was to demonstrate a technical readiness level of 6–7 for high-temperature superconducting (HTS) technology operating in a wind generator. To reach this goal, a full-scale synchronous HTS generator was successfully designed, built and field-tested in a 3.6 MW turbine. The generator has a rotor with 40 superconducting coils of 1.4 m long. The required >20 km of coated conductor was produced within the project’s time schedule. All coils were tested prior to assembly, with >90% of them behaving as expected. The technical readiness level of HTS coils was thus increased to level 7. Simultaneously, the maturing of cryogenic cooling technology over the last decade was illustrated by the several Gifford-McMahon cold-heads that were installed on-board the rotor and connected with the stationary compressors through a rotating coupling. The cryogenic system outperformed design expectations, enabling stable coil temperatures far below the design temperature of 30 K after only 14 d of cool-down. After ground-based testing at the IWES facility in Bremerhaven, Germany, the generator was installed on an existing turbine in Thyborøn, Denmark. Here, the generator reached the target power range and produced power for over 650 h of grid operation.
Parametrizing extensions with fixed Galois group

We study the problem of parametrizing Galois extensions of fields with a fixed Galois group G. Similar problems have recently received much attention, as they are often a useful first step to finding the asymptotic number of such Galois extensions with bounded invariants. For example, Davenport and Heilbronn used a parametrization due to Levi of rings of rank three to count cubic field extensions of Q. Bhargava discovered and then used parametrizations of rings of ranks four and five to count quartic and quintic field extensions of Q. The approach taken by Levi and Bhargava can roughly be summarized as follows: Choose a basis of the field or ring extension R under consideration, and then write down the coefficients in the multiplication table of R with respect to this basis. To keep the multiplication table simple, one needs to choose a suitable basis of R, which has previously been accomplished in special cases using ad-hoc methods. In this thesis, we explain how the representation theory of G provides a convenient choice of basis in general. This recovers many of the known parametrizations. We study cyclic groups G “ Z{nZ in some detail and for example obtain a new parametrization for the cyclic group of order five. We also obtain a new parametrization for the quaternion group G “ t ̆1, ̆i, ̆j, ̆ku. This allows us to count quaternionic extensions of Q by conductor.
Molecular dynamics simulation of the resonant frequency of graphene nanoribbons

Abstract The resonant frequency of the graphene nanoribbon is studied by the molecular dynamics simulation method, which is modulated the dynamic process of vibration after deformation by silicon probe. A series of simulations for the resonant frequency of graphene nanoribbons have been performed. Then the simulation results of the resonant frequency are analyzed, which are varied with the length, width, thickness and temperature of graphene nanoribbons. The resonant frequency of graphene nanoribbons is depended on size. The width, thickness and temperature have less influence on the resonant frequency of graphene nanoribbons, and the scale of the length is the main influence.
Clinical responses to AZD6244 (ARRY-142886)-based combination therapy stratified by gene mutations in patients with metastatic melanoma.

8501 Background: BRAF and NRAS mutations (mut) occur in 50-60% and 15-20% of melanomas, respectively. As a consequence, MAPK signaling is frequently activated. To correlate clinical benefit of a MEK inhibitor with the mut status, we performed a genomic study using tumors of patients (pts) enrolled in a clinical study of AZD6244 (a selective MEK inhibitor)-containing combination regimens. Methods: Pts ≥ 18 years of age with advanced solid tumors and a WHO performance status 0–1 were enrolled in a phase I trial of AZD6244 in combination with one of 3 drugs in 3-week (q3w) treatment cycles: dacarbazine (DTIC) 1000 mg/m2 iv q3w or docetaxel (Doc) 75 mg/m2 iv q3w or temsirolimus (Tems) 25 mg iv weekly. Oral AZD6244 was given at 50–75 mg twice daily continuously. Responses were assessed every 2 cycles per RECIST. In pts with available archived tumor samples, BRAF and NRAS were genotyped by pyrosequencing. Results: Among 25 pts with metastatic melanoma who received one of the combination regimens, tumor samples .
Comments on Penrose inequality with angular momentum for outermost apparent horizons

In a recent work we have proved a weaker version of the Penrose inequality with angular momentum, in axially symmetric space-times, for a compact and connected minimal surface. In this previous work we use the monotonicity of Geroch energy on two-surfaces along the inverse mean curvature flow and we obtain a lower bound for the ADM mass in terms of the area, the angular momentun and a particular measure of size of the minimal surface. In the present work, using similar techniques and the same measure of size, we extend and improve the previous result for a compact and connected outermost apparent horizon. For this case we use the monotonicity of Hawking energy, instead of Geroch energy, along the inverse mean curvature flow, and assume different conditions on the extrinsic curvature. This type of relations constitutes an important test to evaluate the cosmic censorship conjecture.
A plastic model based on the bounding surface formulation for cyclic behavior of soil

Cyclic behavior of saturated soil under cyclic loading, such as earthquake, is one significant cause of the strain accumulation which can lead to the foundation destruction. This paper presents the relationship between hardening rules in the multi-surface plasticity and hardening function in the bounding surface plasticity, because both of them need to calculate the plastic modulus at every current stress state, applying the newly developed hardening rule into the hardening function to calculate the variable plastic modulus, this new idea adds the adversity of plasticity model, and a new bounding surface is established. The simulation result of undrained triaxial test verified the reliability of the new bounding surface model.
DISORDERS OF ORTHOSTATIC TOLERANCE-ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION, POSTURAL TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME, AND SYNCOPE

Orthostatic intolerance with orthostatic hypotension and syncope are disabling features of patients with disorders of autonomic cardiovascular control. The hallmark of both central and peripheral autonomic disorders is the failure of the sympathetic postganglionic neurons to release norepinephrine appropriately upon standing. Impaired norepinephrine release is permanent in patients with autonomic failure, and upon standing, blood pressure always falls. On the other hand, in patients with neurally mediated syncopal syndromes (also known as vasovagal, vasodepressor, or reflex syncope) impaired norepinephrine release occurs episodically, typically in response to a trigger. Between syncopal episodes, patients with neurally mediated syncope usually have normal blood pressure and orthostatic tolerance. Orthostatic intolerance without a fall in blood pressure, but with a pronounced increase in heart rate, occurs in the postural tachycardia syndrome, a puzzling disorder with several possible causes characterized by excessive sympathetic activation in response to physiologic stimuli. The distinction between these disorders is important because their prognosis and management is different. Autonomic failure can be severely disabling, while neurally mediated syncopal syndromes and the postural tachycardia syndrome are always benign. Patient education is key to managing these disorders. Several simple measures should be implemented to improve orthostatic tolerance prior to pharmacologic intervention.
Compactification of the finite Drinfeld period domain as a moduli space of ferns

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field with $q$ elements and let $V$ be a vector space over $\mathbb{F}_q$ of dimension $n>0$. Let $\Omega_V$ be the Drinfeld period domain over $\mathbb{F}_q$. This is an affine scheme of finite type over $\mathbb{F}_q$, and its base change to $\mathbb{F}_q(t)$ is the moduli space of Drinfeld $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$-modules with level $(t)$ structure and rank $n$. In this thesis, we give a new modular interpretation to Pink and Schieder's smooth compactification $B_V$ of $\Omega_V$. Let $\hat V$ be the set $V\cup\{\infty\}$ for a new symbol $\infty$. We define the notion of a $V$-fern over an $\mathbb{F}_q$-scheme $S$, which consists of a stable $\hat V$-marked curve of genus $0$ over $S$ endowed with a certain action of the finite group $V\rtimes \mathbb{F}_q^\times$. Our main result is that the scheme $B_V$ represents the functor that associates an $\mathbb{F}_q$-scheme $S$ to the set of isomorphism classes of $V$-ferns over $S$. Thus $V$-ferns over $\mathbb{F}_q(t)$-schemes can be regarded as generalizations of Drinfeld $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$-modules with level $(t)$ structure and rank $n$. To prove this theorem, we construct an explicit universal $V$-fern over $B_V$. We then show that any $V$-fern over a scheme $S$ determines a unique morphism $S\to B_V$, depending only its isomorphism class, and that the $V$-fern is isomorphic to the pullback of the universal $V$-fern along this morphism. We also give several functorial constructions involving $V$-ferns, some of which are used to prove the main result. These constructions correspond to morphisms between various modular compactifications of Drinfeld period domains over $\mathbb{F}_q$. We describe these morphisms explicitly.
Lifestyle interventions to improve educational attainment in overweight or obese children

4 List of Tables. 13 List of Figures . 14 List of Abbreviations. 16 List of Publications . 18 CHAPTER 1: Introduction . 19 1.1. Link between health and education.19 1.2. Childhood obesity . 21 1.2.1. Definition of childhood obesity . 21 1.2.2. Prevalence . 22 1.2.3. Health Consequences. 23 1.2.4. Causes of childhood obesity . 24 1.2. 5. Prevention and Treatment. 26 1.3. Aim.31 1.4. Thesis structure . 32 1.5. Method of inquiry . 33 CHAPTER 2: Literature Review . 35 2.1. Association between childhood obesity and educational attainment (Systematic review). 35 2.2. Association between childhood obesity and cognitive function . 80 2.3. Association between childhood/youth obesity and ‘future success’ . 94 2.4. Potential confounding and mediating factors explaining the association between childhood obesity, educational attainment and associated outcomes109
Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT This study was carried out in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia to determine the clinical, haematological and therapeutic impact of babesiosis caused by Babesia caballi in Arabian horses. The clinical signs in infected horses were pyrexia (40.5–41.5°C), depression, pale or icteric mucous membranes and emaciation. Haematological examination revealed significant decrease in erythrocyte, thrombocyte counts and haemoglobin concentration in infected horses compared with controls. Treatment with imidocarb dipropionate was 100% effective in eliminating the parasites from the blood and led to an improvement in the clinical state. In conclusion, babesiosis should be suspected in any horses showing signs of anaemia or jaundice and severe body weight loss in addition to the presence of ticks. Bloody urine which is a characteristic feature of babesiosis in other animals is not common in Arabian horses. Moreover, treatment using imidocarb dipropionate in conjunction with hematinics and fluid therapy should be applied for treatment of equine babesiosis.
Charm production and prompt neutrino fluxes in beam dump and collider experiments

This dissertation deals with the neutrino fluxes that come from charm decays in hadronic collisions in beam dump and collider experiments. The specific focus is on the beam dump experiment SHiP (Search for Hidden Particles) and the collider experiment LHC (Large Hadron Collider). Based on the HVQMNRPHO computer program, the next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculation is performed for charm quark. Two nonperturbative effects, the initial transverse momentum and fragmentation are modeled by a Gaussian function and the Peterson fragmentation function, respectively. The parameters in these two models are determined by comparisons with the experimental data. The distributions of charm hadrons D− s , D −, D and Λc are thus obtained. By considering the full 3-Dimensional kinematics of the charm hadron decays in the hadron rest frame and then Lorentz transforming to the lab frame, the tau neutrino and muon neutrino fluxes are obtained. The number of neutrino charged current (CC) events at the neutrino detector are evaluated for SHiP and the LHC. The NLO pQCD evaluation predicts about 300 tau neutrino and antineutrino events for SHiP which is much higher than the number of tau neutrino events observed already at OPERA (Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus) and DONuT (Direct observation of the nu tau), and thus provides the potential to study the tau neutrino interactions with high statistics. An estimate of the possible intrinsic charm production has been performed for SHiP which may make its presence in the hadron and neutrino specta. Hundreds of tau