Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applications of Vector Fitting in the Solution of Electromagnetic Field Interactions

Vector Fitting (VF) is a recent macromodeling method that has been popularized by its use in many commercial software for extracting equivalent circuit’s of simulated networks. Specifically for material measurement applications, VF is shown to estimate either the permittivity or permeability of a multi-Debye material accurately, even when measured in the presence of noise and interferences caused by test setup imperfections. A brief history and survey of methods utilizing VF for material measurement will be introduced in this work. It is shown how VF is useful for macromodeling dielectric materials after being measured with standard transmission line and freespace methods. The sources of error in both an admittance tunnel test device and stripline resonant cavity test device are identified and VF is employed for correcting these errors. Full-wave simulations are performed to model the test setup imperfections and the sources of interference they cause are further verified in actual hardware measurements. An accurate macromodel is attained as long as the signal-to-interference-ratio (SIR) in the measurement is sufficiently high such that the Debye relaxations are observable in the data. Finally, VF is applied for macromodeling the time history of the total fields scattering from a perfectly conducting wedge. This effort is an initial test to see if a time domain theory of diffraction exists, and if the diffraction coefficients may be exactly modeled with VF. This section concludes how VF is not only useful for applications in material measurement, but for the solution of modeling fields and interactions in general.
Ecosystem services provided by agroforestry home gardens in Bengkulu, Indonesia: Smallholder utilization, biodiversity conservation, and carbon storage

Abstract. Wiryono, Kristiansen P, Bruyn LLD, Saprinurdin, Nurliana S. 2023. Ecosystem services provided by agroforestry home gardens in Bengkulu, Indonesia: Smallholder utilization, biodiversity conservation, and carbon storage. Biodiversitas 24: 2657-2665. Agroforestry system provides ecosystem services such as conserving biodiversity and providing smallholder farmers with food and other daily needs. It can also generate income for the owners. This study was conducted in 105 home gardens of four villages in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, to analyze tree species diversity and composition, uses, and potential carbon storage in the agroforestry system of home gardens. Tree data were collected on individual trees from 200 plots (10×10 m). Home garden owners were interviewed on the uses of each tree species. The species richness of trees in each village ranged from 18 to 36, with a total of 57 species (29 introduced and 28 native) for four villages. Most trees (30 species) provided food. The above-ground carbon storage of trees ranged from 29 Mg ha-1to 127 Mg ha-1, with an average of 87 Mg ha-1. This study found that the agroforestry system in home gardens serves some ecosystem services, i.e., providing food, medicines, and other daily needs, conserving plant species and the habitat they provide, and storing carbon. These ecosystem services help villagers build resilience to changing environmental and socio-economic conditions.
Co-innover avec les clients : entre intérêt et réticence pour les entreprises grand public

: Co-innovation with customers - i.e. their creative participation to the development of new products / services, is a phenomenon that creates a strong enthusiasm, both among professionals and academics. This article aims at focusing on the perception of this practice by companies in order to identify its perceived interests – commercial acceptability, stimulation of creativity and customer relationship – but also its potential barriers – customers lack of skills, cost of the practice and absence of control. It concludes with some recommendations to be considered for its implementation, in terms of participants to engage in each stage of the process but also in terms of precautions and performance indicators.
The Interaction of Display Advertisement and E-Wom on Omnichannel Purchase Intention Using Sem: an Age Moderation Effect

Purpose: This study looks at how display advertisements affect customers' Omni-buy intentions and the impact of e-WOM in determining if this influence is reflected in their purchase intentions. Theoretical framework: Consumers' daily lives have grown more reliant on display advertising. Consumers depend on the Internet as a source of readily accessible information regarding advertising and businesses. Consequently, a customer becomes linked and an omnichannel shopper, intending to purchase products both online and offline. Electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) has also emerged as a powerful force that must be understood in the context of the omnichannel buyer. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was performed to confirm the study's assumptions. Consumers who purchase fashion products omnichannel were polled for information. A questionnaire of 28 questions was developed for the study. The questionnaire includes questions about the respondent's age, gender, and educational level. Findings: The results of the study show that there is a link between display advertising, e-WOM, and Omni-Online Purchase Intention. Several suggestions are produced to assist managers in navigating their brand's online presence in a manner that fits their customers' Omni-purchase intention. Research, Practical & Social Implication: Through this investigation, the prevalence of many display ads on consumer purchase intention on the omnichannel market is determined, which contributes to the literature on advertising efficiency. Originality/value: This study would most likely propose a method for market communication to determine how different types of display advertisements influence consumer purchase intentions, allowing firms to better manage the customer experience.
Science and engineering students’ difficulties in understanding vector concepts

The study assesses science and engineering students’ difficulties in understanding vector concepts. Test of understanding of vectors was administered to 101 university students who were completing their second introductory physics course. Rasch measurement software (Winsteps) was used to analyze the raw data. The concepts that the students found most difficult were identified; these included the graphical representation of a unit vector, the graphical addition and subtraction of vectors, and the interpretation of the dot and cross products, among others. On the other hand, some concepts were easier for students, such as the magnitude of a vector presented in unit-vector notation, and determination of the components of vectors. No significant differences in understanding of vector concepts could be attributed to gender; however, engineering students outperformed science students in understanding vector concepts. This study offers recommendations that physics instructors and researchers can use to improve the teaching of vector concepts.
Sin stocks in European countries: The influence of wealth and familiarity bias on investment choices

This study examines the relationship between the wealth of European societies and their investment decisions in «sinful» industries, including tobacco, alcohol, and gambling. The study aims to challenge the widely held belief that wealthier countries are more socially responsible in their investment choices and to investigate the impact of familiarity bias on investment decisions in these industries. An experimental research design with panel data compares the returns from a portfolio of sin stocks from Northern Europe with a portfolio of sin stocks from Southern and Eastern Europe. The study utilises multiple models, including the CAPM single-factor, the Fama-French three-factor, and the Fama-French five-factor, to measure the risk-adjusted returns of sin stocks across various European countries. Findings reveal that sin stocks from wealthier countries tend to have higher risk-adjusted returns compared to those from less wealthy countries. Sin stocks have a significant relation with the market, but their volatility is consistently lower. Countries that drink more alcohol are more willing to invest in alcohol stocks than countries that drink less, as these stocks outperform the market during economic downturns. Sin stocks impact financial performance, investor behaviour, social responsibility, market efficiency, and regulations. The study uncovers the influence of familiarity bias, indicating that investors from countries more accustomed to «sinful» activities are less reluctant to invest in such industries than countries with lower familiarity. This finding highlights the importance of cultural and social factors in shaping investment decisions and challenges traditional concepts of market efficiency.
The impact of velocity-based movement on electromyography activity in standard lower-limb strength exercises

Previous research has shown that the velocity of movement can influence muscle activation. However, no studies have investigated the impact of movement velocity under the same load conditions on electromyography (EMG) activity in knee and hip extensors. This study aims to compare the mean muscle activation of gluteus maximus [GM], biceps femoris [BF], semitendinosus [ST] and rectus femoris [RF] in three hip extension exercises (i.e., squat [SQ], hip thrust [HT] and Bulgarian squat [BS]) with two different movement velocities (i.e., maximum velocity [MV] and controlled velocity [CV]). Fifteen physically active students participated. The mean EMG activity of all targeted muscles was measured. Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction was used to normalize EMG muscle activation. All muscles were activated to a greater extent in BS at MV than in the same exercise performed at CV. However, during the SQ exercise, EMG differences between velocities were only obtained for BF and GM, and in HT, only for GM ( p < .05). In conclusion, higher velocity involves higher activation of the lower-limb muscles, depending on the physical test, and this can be used to better plan the functional recovery of injury, taking it into consideration for intensity progression and avoiding the risks of overly strenuous exercises.
The Impact of Stress on Students’ Academic Performance

This study assessed the impact of stress on the academic performance of students in the Bolgatanga Technical University. It investigated the causes of stress, the symptoms of stress, the effects of stress and how students can overcome stress. The quantitative research strategy was used for the study. The research data collection was preceded by a literature review to provide an in-depth understanding of the research topic. A structured questionnaire designed in the form of a Likert-Scale was administered to One Hundred and Forty (140) students who were the participants of the study. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and the results were presented in the form of descriptive statistics using the Relative Importance Index (RII). The study revealed that several factors namely high cost of living, poor time management, limited facilities, difficult relations and the workload caused stress among students of the Bolgatanga Technical University. It was concluded that stress has a negative impact on the academic performance of students. The study recommends that the guidance and counselling department of the university should be strengthened to make it more effective in supporting students to overcome stress. In addition, guidance programmes such as seminars and public lectures on stress awareness should be organized periodically for students so that they can be adequately equipped with the needed skills to handle issues related to academic stress better. Finally, provision should be made in the curriculum for adequate time for students to rest by not allowing lectures to extend to weekends.
Magnetic, DC Electrical, and Impedance Properties of Zn Doped Yttrium Iron Garnet Nanoparticles

Y3Fe5-xZnxO12 with x = 0; 0.02; 0.04; 0.06; 0.08; 0.1 (YIG) particle materials were fabricated by sol-gel method combined with heat treatment at 900 °C and 1,000 °C with different annealing times (2 h and 5 h) and heating rates (5 °C/min and 2 °C/min). X-ray diffraction patterns show that the obtained samples are single crystalline phases at the condition of an annealing temperature of 900 °C for 5 h and a heating rate of 2 degrees/min. FESEM images of the samples show particle sizes from the submicron to the micrometer. The magnetization of the samples decreases as the doping concentration increases. I-V characteristics and complex impedance spectra at room temperature of samples were measured. The results show that the resistivity value of the doped samples decreases in the range of 5-6 orders in magnitude compared with that of the pure YIG sample. The contribution of the grain boundaries to the impedance was analyzed. The conducting process is explained due to the tunneling of charge carriers across the grain boundary.
Aetiology and outcome in hospitalized cardiac arrest patients

Abstract Aims To study aetiologies of in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCAs) and their association with 30-day survival. Methods and results Observational study with data from national registries. Specific aetiologies (n = 22) of IHCA patients between April 2018 and December 2020 were categorized into cardiac vs. non-cardiac and six main aetiology categories: myocardial ischemia, other cardiac causes, pulmonary causes, infection, haemorrhage, and other non-cardiac causes. Main endpoints were proportions in each aetiology, 30-day survival, and favourable neurological outcome (Cerebral Performance Category scale 1–2) at discharge. Among, 4320 included IHCA patients (median age 74 years, 63.1% were men), approximate 50% had cardiac causes with a 30-day survival of 48.4% compared to 18.7% among non-cardiac causes (P < 0.001). The proportion in each category were: myocardial ischemia 29.9%, pulmonary 21.4%, other cardiac causes 19.6%, other non-cardiac causes 11.6%, infection 9%, and haemorrhage 8.5%. The odds ratio (OR) for 30-day survival compared to myocardial ischemia for each category were: other cardiac causes OR 1.48 (CI 1.24–1.76); pulmonary causes OR 0.36 (CI 0.3–0.44); infection OR 0.25 (CI 0.18–0.33); haemorrhage OR 0.22 (CI 0.16–0.3); and other non-cardiac causes OR 0.56 (CI 0.45–0.69). IHCA caused by myocardial ischemia had the best favourable neurological outcome while those caused by infection had the lowest OR 0.06 (CI 0.03–0.13). Conclusion In this nationwide observational study, aetiologies with cardiac and non-cardiac causes of IHCA were evenly distributed. IHCA caused by myocardial ischemia and other cardiac causes had the strongest associations with 30-day survival and neurological outcome.
Impact of capital structure on the profitability of real estate firms listed on Hanoi stock exchange amid Covid-19

This paper examines the impact of the capital structure on the profitability of 34 listed real estated firms in the Hanoi Stock exchange with the inclusion of the Covid-19 pandemic, period 2018-2021. With the application of fixed effect, random effect models, and Mann & Whitney U tests, supported by diversified tests for checking and solving the model flaws, the study’s findings confirm the negative relationship between the debt-to-total assets variable and profit efficiency of studied real estate firms. This suggests that operating under an expected rising interest rate environment aligned with restricted bank lending real estate sector, Vietnamese real estate firms balance their capital sources, between borrowings, including short-term and long-term loans with equity. Inclining towards equity capital could be more expensive but will help businesses reduce the pressure on borrowing costs and also show how much of the property’s value can be used to secure the debts of the company
A New Solution Set for Tournaments and Majority Voting: Further Graph- Theoretical Approaches to the Theory of Voting

The Condorcet, or minimal undominated, set of proposals has been identified as a solution set for majority voting. Unfortunately, the Condorcet set may be very large and may include Pareto-inefficient proposals. An alternative solution set is proposed here: the "uncovered set," from which every other proposal in the tournament representing majority preference is reachable in no more than two steps. It is shown that this set has a number of desirable properties, and that several important voting processes lead to decisions within it. Ihis article extends some earlier work by further applying concepts and theorems from the theory of directed graphs to characterize and analyze the structure of majority preference.
Quasi-Newton Algorithms for Non-smooth Online Strongly Convex Optimization

The growing prevalence of networked systems with local sensing and computational capability will result in an increasing array of online and large scale optimization problems. We adopt the framework of online convex optimization that allows for the optimization of an arbitrary sequence of convex functions subject to a single convex constraint set. We identify quasi-Newton algorithms as a promising class of algorithms to solve online strongly convex optimization problems. We first examine the relationships between several known algorithms for convex functions that satisfy a a-exp-concave assumption. Next we present two new quasi-Newton algorithms for non-smooth strongly convex functions and show how these algorithms can be parallelized given a summed objective function. Our new algorithms require fewer parameters and have provably tighter bounds then similar known algorithms. Also, our bounds are not a function of the number of iterations, but instead a function of the sequence of strongly convex parameters that correspond to a sequence of strongly convex functions. We then extend these algorithms to use a block diagonal hessian approximation. An algorithm with a fully diagonal hessian approximation results in a large scale quasi-Newton algorithm for online convex optimization. Our results can be translated to convergence bounds and optimization algorithms that solve non-smooth strongly convex functions. We perform numerical experiments on test functions of different dimension and compare our algorithms to similar known algorithms. These experiments show our algorithms perform well in the majority of test cases we consider. We apply our algorithms to online portfolio optimization with a l2-norm regularized constant-rebalanced portfolio model and compare our algorithm to known methods. In addition, a heuristic algorithm for online vehicle routing is presented. Although online vehicle routing does not fit within the framework of online convex optimization, the work provided significant insight into online optimization and provides a future source of ideas and motivation. Finally, we provide conclusions and discuss future research directions.
Reinforced Bioremediation of Excessive Nitrate in Atrazine-Contaminated Soil by Biodegradable Composite Carbon Source

Bioremediation is a good alternative to dispose of the excessive nitrate (NO3−) in soil and alleviate the secondary salinization of soil, but the presence of atrazine in soil interferes with the bioremediation process. In the present study, the biodegradable composite carbon source with different dosages was added to the atrazine-contaminated soil to intensify the bioremediation of excessive NO3−. The atrazine-contaminated soil with a 25 g/kg composite carbon source achieved the optimal NO3− removal performance (92.10%), which was slightly higher than that with a 5 g/kg composite carbon source (86.15%) (p > 0.05). Unfortunately, the negative effects of the former were observed, such as the distinctly higher emissions of N2O, CO2 and a more powerful global warming potential (GWP). Microbial community analysis showed that the usage of the composite carbon source clearly decreased the richness and diversity of the microbial community, and greatly stimulated nitrogen metabolism and atrazine degradation (p < 0.05). To sum up, the application of a 5 g/kg composite carbon source contributed to guaranteeing bioremediation performance and reducing adverse environmental impacts at the same time.
Flow And Force Characteristics Of Steady 2D WingSection At Low Reynolds Numbers

The flow and force characteristics of steady 2D wing section is discussed at low Reynolds numbers (Re ≈ 10 3 ) in comparison with those at high Re numbers (Re > 10 5 ). At low Re numbers the wing has a thick boundary layer. The lift-to-drag ratio of a 2D wing reduces to 10, and its maximum lift also reduces. The thinner wing section gives a larger lift-to-drag ratio as well as maximum lift. It also gives a larger slope of the lift curve, which sometime reaches the value 2π. The flow is separated from the wing surface even at very low angles of attack. Hence, the ‘stall’, which is recognized as a variation point of the slope of the lift curve, is not related to the flow separation. The lift continuously increases or keeps a constant value with respect to the angle of attack, even after the ‘stall’ angle. Computational fluid dynamic methods based on the Navier–Stokes equation are most promising in order to analyze the detailed pressure distribution and the flow pattern at these low Re numbers.
Effect of Dietary Incorporation of Yellow Mealworm as a Partial Fishmeal Replacer on Growth, Metabolism, and Intestinal Histomorphology in Juvenile Meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

Efforts have been made to find alternatives to fish meal (FM), as the sustainability of aquaculture depends on it. Insect meal (IM) is a potential candidate to partially replace FM, being more sustainable and economically viable. In this experimental trial, three diets were tested with different yellow mealworm incorporation: a control diet with no IM, a diet with an inclusion of 10% IM (Ins10), and a diet with an incorporation of 20% IM (Ins20). The diets were tested on 10.5 g meagre for 47 days. The results showed that an IM inclusion higher than 10% affected both growth (2.6 vs. 2.2) and FCR (1.5 vs. 1.9) of meagre juveniles. However, this reduction in growth did not result from lower protein retention or changes in muscle fibre area or density. Little differences were observed in the activity of pancreatic and intestinal enzymes except for aminopeptidase total activity which was higher in the control and Ins10 compared to Ins20 (3847 vs. 3540 mU/mg protein), suggesting no limitations in protein synthesis. Also, the alkaline phosphatase intestinal maturation index was higher in the control group compared to the IM groups (437 vs. 296). On the contrary, several differences were also found in the proteolytic activity in the hepatic and muscle tissues of meagre juveniles fed the Ins10 diet. The inclusion of IM had no impact on intestine histomorphology but changes were detected in the enterocytes of fish from control and Ins10 which showed hypervacuolization and nucleus misplacement compared to the Ins20 treatment. Nevertheless, a higher percentage of Vibrionaceae was recorded for meagre fed on the Ins20 diet. Since no signs of inflammation were observed in the distal intestine, this suggests IM incorporation could have had an important impact on intestinal health due to its antimicrobial properties. This is supported by an increase in the haematocrit in the treatments where IM was added (20 to 25%). In conclusion, incorporations of IM at percentages up to 10% do not seem to have a negative impact on meagre performance at this age but can enhance the fish immune system and protection against intestinal inflammation.