Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Commentary: The Search for Health Equity among Individuals Incarcerated in Jail.

It is not new knowledge that due to social, political, and economic factors, the United States has experienced an unmatched epidemic of incarceration compared to the rest of the world due to social, political, and economic factors. Although the United States represents less than 5% of the world’s population, of the more than 10.7 million people held in correctional institutions throughout the world, almost 20% are in the United States (Walmsley 2018). Specifically, 9 million individuals cycle through the United States’ 3,200 jails (facilities that typically house individuals awaiting adjudication or serving sentences <1 year) each year (Bai et al. 2015), almost triple the rate of incarceration compared to 30 years ago (Bureau of Justice Statistics 2012). The underlying reasons for the epidemic of incarceration are reflected in the significant nationwide racial and ethnic disparities in jails. Over 60% of incarcerated populations are ethnic and racial minorities, although they make up just 30% of the US population (Binswanger et al. 2012). Black men have a 1 in 3, and Latino men have a 1 in 6, lifetime risk of incarceration compared to non-Hispanic white men, who have a 1 in 23 lifetime risk of incarceration (Bonczar 2003).
Leadership Styles for Healthcare

Leadership is a vital component in the management of healthcare organizations. There are many leadership styles. The purpose of this literature review was to explore the different leadership styles with reference to the impact on healthcare management. Even though there are positive and negative aspects of each leadership style, beneficial outcomes for health system can be achieved by using the most suitable leadership style for the given context.
Skills and performance: an econometric analysis of Employers Skill Survey 1999

This report provides the results of an econometric analysis of the Skills Task Force (STF) Employers Skill Survey undertaken in 1999 (ESS 1999) in the United Kingdom (UK). It forms part of a broader investigation into the extent, causes, and implications of skill deficiencies, supported by the Department for Education and Skills (DfES). The ESS 1999 is the largest investigation into England's skill needs to date and was undertaken in 1999 to provide information for the Skills Task Force (STF). This report investigates the causes and consequences of skill deficiencies and focuses on why they arise and what the implications are for economic performance. Two types of observed skill deficiencies are examined: external skill-related recruitment difficulties; and internal skill gaps amongst existing employees. The report also investigates unobserved, 'latent' skill gaps or those skill deficiencies not recognised by employers but which restrict the organisation's potential for economic success. The analysis is based on ESS 1999 and builds on the earlier 'Employer Skills Survey statistical report' which is indexed at TD/TNC 65.232. The focus of the analysis is on the smaller sub-set of around 4000 establishments within the total survey, where participants were involved in face-to-face interviews.
Servant leadership and innovative behavior: a moderated mediation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the cross-level effect of servant leadership on employee innovative behavior by studying the mediating role of thriving at work and the moderating role of team reflexivity. Design/methodology/approach This research collected data from 199 dyads of employees and their direct supervisors in 55 work units, and tested a cross-level moderated mediation model using multilevel path analysis. Findings The findings suggest that thriving at work mediates the relationship between servant leadership and innovative behavior. The results also show that team reflexivity positively moderates the relationship between servant leadership and thriving at work and the mediating effect of thriving at work. Practical implications The empirical findings suggest that organizations should make efforts to promote servant leadership and encourage team reflexivity. Moreover, managers should make efforts to stimulate employees’ thriving at work, thereby facilitating employee and organizational development. Originality/value This research identifies thriving at work as a key mediator that links servant leadership to innovative behavior and reveals the role of team reflexivity in strengthening the effect of servant leadership on employee innovative behavior.
Authentic Leaders May Increase Employee Innovation: The Mediation Effect of Psychological Capital

Innovation plays the main role in organizational survival in the globalized era of technology and information exchange. Innovation can only be achieved when employees are able to engage in innovative work behavior. In addition, the workplace leader is known to occupy an important role in the formation of innovative employee behavior. Hence, this study tends to see the role of authentic leadership as a predictor for innovative work behavior by using PsyCap as a mediator in analysis of it. There were 115 participants who filled in self-report questionnaires which were distributed online for this study. Mediation analysis using PROCESS macros showed that when psychological capital is fully mediated (B = 0.071, SE = 0.036, 95% CI [0.009, 0.150]) there exists a relationship between authentic leadership and innovative work behavior.
A change for the better: the NIACE survey on adult participation in learning 2010

This year's [National Institute of Adult Continuing Education (England and Wales)] NIACE adult participation survey shows a sea change. After years of falling numbers, and an ever-widening gulf between the learning-rich and the learning-poor, there has been an upturn in the proportion of adults engaged in learning and in the number expecting to take part in the future. Current or recent adult participation in learning has risen to the highest level for a decade. Whilst this survey maps the continuing divide between people who have enjoyed the benefits of a good initial education and those who left education with little to show, there is evidence of a significant shift, most strikingly for working-class adults, and those who have had least benefit from learning to date. Is this the beginning of the Learning Revolution heralded in the government White Paper of last year? At the very least there has been a statistically significant shift in participation in learning of some kind, formal or informal, online or in the classroom or the workbench; there has also been a shift in people's plans to take up learning. As long as the learning divide persists this cannot be the Revolution; but it is definitely a change for the better. This survey continues the series documenting adult participation in learning in the UK. Using responses of around 5,000 adults, it offers key findings, breaking down trends in participation and future intentions to learn by gender, socio-economic class, age, employment and the regions. It provides up-to-date data as well as a valuable means for comparison over time. For the first time it includes a section on attitudes to learning.
Student self-assessment: why do they do it?

Abstract This study explores factors that predict students’ self-assessment intentions and practices using a framework based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). A total of 1425 Hong Kong students (Primary 4 to Secondary 3) participated in this study. Students’ intentions and practices pertaining to self-assessment and the predictors of their intentions and practices were assessed with 11 self-report scales aligned to the TPB constructs. The psychometric properties of scales were examined with Rasch analysis and the relations among the variables were investigated with path analysis based on Rasch-calibrated person measures. The results showed that attitude, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and perceived controllability were statistically significant predictors on intention to self-assess, while self-efficacy and intention had significant influence on self-assessment practice. Psychological safety was also found to have relatively weak but significant impact on both self-assessment intention and practice. This study lays a foundation for future investigations on how to promote meaningful self-assessment behaviour which is crucial for self-regulated and life-long learning.
The Influence of Anemia on Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Yöntemler: KOAH tanısı ile 01 Ocak 2004 31 Aralık 2008 tarihleri arasında izlenen hastalar, ICD-10 kodları kullanılarak hastane bilgi işlem sistemi veri tabanı aracılığıyla saptandı. Anemi tanısı Dünya Sağlık Örgütü kriterlerine göre konuldu. Hastalarda KOAH evrelemesi GOLD kriterlerine uygun olarak FEV 1 /FVC değerlerine göre yapıldı. Mortalite 1 Ocak 2004 ile 1 Ocak 2010 tarihleri arasında herhangi bir tarihte yaşamın kaybedilmesi olarak tanımlandı.
Exploring the use of video-based materials in the Japanese university English language classroom

Use of video materials is widespread in language lessons today. Yet how video is used in the classroom by participants remains an under-researched area. My original contribution to knowledge is to identify ways in which participants use video and video-based materials in the classroom ecology. To do so, I synthesize literature on video for language teaching with research in the small but growing area of materials use. Through a data-driven approach (Corbin & Strauss, 2008), I uncover details from the classroom context to explain relationships between video-based materials and classroom interaction of university learners and instructors at a private university in Japan. Using multiple case study, the data set includes audio recordings of lessons, non-participant observations, teacher interviews, student questionnaires, and classroom materials. Participants use one of two local textbooks, each of which features a different genre of video as materials. I track topics in learner interaction, and trace language common to a variety of classroom activities as related to the materials. While use of materials by both learners and teachers is examined, unlike much of the prior research on materials use, particular focus falls on the peer interaction of the learners in relation to the materials. I argue that participants’ use of video materials impacts the language-learning process through learning opportunities that emerge during interaction in video-based activities. These interactions demonstrate a high degree of collaboration between participants while engaging with video-based materials. My thesis expands knowledge of affordances in language education (van Lier, 2004) by detailing both established and previously unidentified examples of the notion. Furthermore, interaction elicited by use of the video materials shows consistent shifts from topics found in the materials to more personal topics, illustrating that learners take control of these activities by making materials more relevant to their lives in order to sustain interaction, which can lead to learning opportunities.
Toward A Compact and Reconfigurable Radar-UAV for Remote Vital Sign Detection

The use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) borne radar for search and rescue missions in post-disaster areas interests many researchers in recent years. In the case of the large observation area, effective and efficient technology is mandatory for the success of the mission to reduce the affected death toll. Since time is a challenging constraint in this mission, the use of multiple, compact, and small radar-UAV is the most prospective solution. Besides, the flexible and reconfigurable system is also desirable for easing the operation. Thus, this paper presents the development of a compact and reconfigurable radar-UAV employing software-defined radio-based radar and a small quadcopter. The development progress and preliminary result of evaluation and test of the developed prototype are presented and discussed thoroughly.
Relative Frequency of Upper Gastrointestinal and Colonic Lesions in Patients with Positive Fecal Occult-Blood Tests

Background Although bleeding lesions anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract can cause a positive reaction on guaiac-based fecal occult-blood tests, the relative frequency of upper gastrointestinal and colonic lesions is unknown. Methods During a period of 30 months, we prospectively studied all patients with at least one stool specimen containing fecal occult blood who were referred for further evaluation. Fecal occult blood was detected by standard guaiac-based tests of stool specimens obtained as part of routine screening or of stool obtained by digital rectal examination. Patients with documented iron-deficiency anemia or active gastrointestinal bleeding were excluded from the study. All participants had a detailed history taken and underwent colonoscopy, followed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Results Of the 409 patients with fecal occult blood who were referred, 310 were potentially eligible to participate, and 248 (mean age, 61 years; range, 40 to 89) were studied; 40 percent were women. We identifi.
Drivers of social media disengagement: a study of young consumers in Vietnam

Purpose This paper aims to identify and discuss selected reasons for social media disengagement (SMD). Drawing upon two-factor theory, it is argued that the determinants of consumer disengagement may be different from those that enable consumer engagement. Accordingly, extrinsic factors of social media experiences (SMEs), subjective norms (SN), perceived anonymity (PA) and perceived credibility (PC) trigger previously engaged consumers to terminate their interactions with the brand on social media. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative survey targeting young members from one of the largest social media communities in Vietnam was used in 2018. A total of 387 completed questionnaires were used for data analysis using covariance-based structural equation modeling. Findings Results reveal that PC is the main driver of SMD. Moreover, PA, SME and SN are indirectly related to SMD via PC. Practical implications The study provides some strategic recommendations for brand managers to re-design user interaction with social media brand pages to improve consumer retention and minimize consumer disengagement. Originality/value While consumer engagement with social media has received much attention from practitioners and academics, a research gap exists around the “dark side” of consumer engagement in which consumers can disengage from their relationship with brand on social media. This disengagement can lead ultimately to the termination of the relationship between the consumer and the brand. This research contributes to marketing literature by providing empirical evidence for relevant constructs driving consumer disengagement from the brand’s social media pages.
Job satisfaction of teachers in primary adult education in Croatia: portrait on the eve of educational reform

ABSTRACT Assessing teacher job satisfaction is a recurrent theme in educational research. Given the forthcoming reform of the Croatian adult education system, a survey of teacher satisfaction in primary adult education was performed. Teachers exhibited two dimensions of satisfaction/dissatisfaction: one with the teaching programme and process, and the other with the attendees’ performance and support. Four clusters of teachers were identified with respect to their satisfaction levels regarding the two dimensions. Most teachers are dissatisfied with the teaching programme and process. This dissatisfaction is associated with higher experience, working only in adult education, delivering lessons based on periodical individual instruction, and having non-native speakers of Croatian in class. Satisfaction with attendees’ performance and support is more pronounced but is associated only with not having non-native speakers of Croatian in class. Existing theories explain the results well, considering the differences between the regular education system and that of adult education.
Relationship Behaviors across the Transition to Parenthood

The transition to parenthood (TTP) often is associated with declines in couple relationship satisfaction. The current study evaluated changes in three relationship behaviors, namely communication, dyadic coping and relationship self-regulation, across the TTP and the association of those behaviors with relationship satisfaction. One hundred and three couples completed questionnaires twice before and three times after the birth of their first child. Prenatally, all behaviors were stable, except negative communication that declined. Postnatally, positive relationship behaviors decreased in both genders, and negative communication increased in men. Negative behaviors were associated with relationship satisfaction throughout the TTP. Furthermore, relationship self-regulation strategies and males’ negative dyadic coping prospectively predicted male relationship satisfaction, while men’s supportive dyadic coping predicted female relationship satisfaction. Enhancing positive relationship behaviors through relationship education programs might help couples successfully adjust to parenthood.
Collection of Data for Healthy Subjects in Stabilometry

To present reference intervals of stabilometry in clinical practice, stabilometry data were collected from healthy subjects national wide . Stabilometry was carried out using Anima's stabilometer G5500 . Each subject was requested to stand on the stabilometer with the feet close together. Body sway while standing upright was recorded for 60 seconds and stored on a floppy disc. Each examination was carried out with eyes open and then with eyes closed. On the collected data , various stabilometry parameters were measured and statistical studies were performed . 1 Stabilometry findings of 2201 healthy subjects (1013 male and 1188 female) were obtained from 17 different facilities across the country from Hokkaido to Kyushu. Subjects ranged from 3 to 94 years old . 2 Using the collected data, area, locus length, locus length per second, locus length per unit area, deviation of the body's center of gravity in the Xand Y-axes and Romberg ratio were determined. 3 In statistical studies of the collected data, there were no differences between facilities. Differences between males and females were significant at the 5% level . 4 For the above tested items, average values, standard deviations, reference inter-
Ecological mechanisms in cognitive science

In 2010, Bechtel and Abrahamsen defined and described what it means to be a dynamic causal mechanistic explanatory model. They discussed the development of a mechanistic explanation of circadian rhythms as an exemplar of the process and challenged cognitive science to follow this example. This article takes on that challenge. A mechanistic model is one that accurately represents the real parts and operations of the mechanism being studied. These real components must be identified by an empirical programme that decomposes the system at the correct scale and localises the components in space and time. Psychological behaviour emerges from the nature of our real-time interaction with our environments—here we show that the correct scale to guide decomposition is picked out by the ecological perceptual information that enables that interaction. As proof of concept, we show that a simple model of coordinated rhythmic movement, grounded in information, is a genuine dynamical mechanistic explanation of many key coordination phenomena.
Engagement with Digital Behaviour Change Interventions: Conceptualisation, Measurement and Promotion

Digital behaviour change interventions (DBCIs) can help people change various health behaviours; however, engagement is low on average and there is a positive association of engagement with intervention effectiveness. The extent to which this relationship is confounded or subject to reverse causality is unclear, and evidence-based models of how to promote engagement are lacking. Progress is hindered by the existence of multiple definitions and measures of engagement; this hampers attempts to aggregate data in meta-analyses. Using smartphone applications (apps) for smoking cessation and alcohol reduction as case studies, this thesis investigated how to conceptualise and measure engagement and identified factors that influence engagement with DBCIs in general, and with apps for smoking cessation and alcohol reduction in particular. Six studies using qualitative and quantitative methods were conducted. Study 1 was a systematic, interdisciplinary literature review, which synthesised existing conceptualisations and generated an integrative definition of engagement with behavioural and experiential dimensions, and a conceptual framework of factors that influence engagement with DBCIs. Studies 3 and 4 involved the development and evaluation of a self-report measure of the behavioural and experiential dimensions of engagement. Studies 2, 5 and 6 used mixed-methods to identify factors that influence engagement with apps for smoking cessation and alcohol reduction. Engagement with DBCIs can usefully be defined in both behavioural and experiential terms: the self-report measure demonstrated promising psychometric properties and was underpinned by two distinct factors, labelled ‘Experiential Engagement’ and ‘Behavioural Engagement’. Design features that support users’ motivation to change, foster their beliefs about the perceived usefulness and relevance of the technology, and spark their interest were found to be most important in the promotion of engagement with apps for smoking cessation and alcohol reduction. These findings can be used to inform the design of new, or modification of existing, apps for these behaviours.