Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mesoscaling of Reynolds Shear Stress in Turbulent Channel and Pipe Flows.

Experimental and numerical data of the Reynolds shear stress in turbulent channel and pipe flows under a mesonormalization are presented. The mesolength scale associated with this normalization is intermediate to the traditional inner and outer lengths. Justification for the mesoscales is provided by a direct analysis of the mean momentum equation. Specifically, the mesonormalization is revealed through a rescaling that appropriately reflects the physics of an internal mesolayer within which a balance breaking, and subsequent balance exchange of terms in the mean momentum equation takes place. Direct numerical simulation and experimental data are examined and shown to be in good agreement with the new scaling, supporting the new theory.
Personalised and Differentiated Learning: a systematic literature review

Personalisation and differentiation are considered two inclusive approaches that acknowledge the differences among learners and aim to respond effectively to learners’ broad array of learning needs. Extensive research and scientific literature have discussed the effects and benefits of both inclusive approaches in general education. However, less attention has been placed in examining the potential of personalised and differentiated learning in vocational education training and lifelong learning. Against this background, the present paper reports a systematic literature review to explore the current conceptualizations, empirical research, and professional development programmes in order to build a base for operationalizing personalisation and differentiation in vocational education training and lifelong learning. A total of 326 publications were considered eligible and were analysed against 22 research questions. Further research and implications of the results are also discussed.
An Improved System for Tropical Ocean Subsurface Temperature Analyses

Abstract This study demonstrates techniques that lead to improved use of ocean thermal information and more useful and informative products for monitoring variability in the tropical oceans. The method is based on statistical interpolation and is illustrated using analyses for the 20°C isotherm depth over the Pacific and Indian Oceans. A new monthly climatology is derived by exploiting the statistical interpolation method to provide an improved weighted estimate. The new climatology is shown to better represent key aspects of the tropical ocean thermal structure. A statistical forecast based on the previous analysis and climatology significantly improves the analysis product, both in a qualitative sense and as judged by quantitative measures of the skill of the forecast and of the estimated error of the analysis. Both the new climatology and the statistical forecasting scheme are interpreted as strategies for delivering enhanced information to the analysis system. A series of 10-day analyses are presented.
Using Self-Assessment and Reflection to Develop Self-Efficacy in Occupational Therapy Assistant Fieldwork Students

Abstract Many occupational therapy students navigate the transition to the Level II fieldwork experience effortlessly, while others require support due to a lack of perceived self-efficacy. This perception dramatically impacts fieldwork performance and challenges academic fieldwork coordinators to support students struggling to believe in their own capabilities. This study utilized a quantitative quasi-experimental research design with a purposive sample of 16 occupational therapy assistant students to determine if an educational intervention increased perceived self-efficacy and overall confidence. Data collected from the Student Confidence Questionnaire (SCQ) pre, and post-intervention provided insight into the students’ report of perceived self-efficacy and overall confidence during the Level II fieldwork experience. This questionnaire assessed the domains of professional competence, communication, adaptability, innovation, risk-taking, supervision, and clinical practice (Derdall et al., 2002). The educational module included an introduction to the key concepts of self-efficacy, self-assessment, and reflection, seven weekly reflective practice journal assignments centered around domains of the SCQ, and feedback using a reflective practice rubric to scaffold the development of self-efficacy. A statistically significant increase occurred in self-efficacy and overall confidence after the intervention across all seven domains of the post-test SCQ. The results indicated that the educational module created an influential impression on the development of self-efficacy and overall confidence during the Level II fieldwork experience. Level II fieldwork performance was not measured. Considering that many students struggle with perceived self-efficacy this educational intervention provides a potential solution to support fieldwork students challenged by a lack of belief in their own capabilities.
ROLE OF PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED TEA FACTORIES IN KENYA

Tea factories especially those managed by Kenya Tea Development Agency are faced with challenges of implementing business growth strategies. This has resulted to poor performance leading to public outcry. The study sought to determine the effect of product diversification strategy and performance of selected tea factories in Kenya. This study was anchored on the Ansoff Matrix theory and supported by Resource Based View, Market Based View and Agency theories. A descriptive research design was adopted and used in this study. KTDA has seven regions comprising of 69 factories with 1506 management staff. This study purposively selected Kisii and Kericho Highlands regions. The population of this study was 701 with a sample size of 364obtained using Yamane’s (1967) formula. Simple random sampling was used to get specific respondents. A self-constructed questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. A pilot study was conducted at Kagwe and Theta Tea Factories in Aberdare Ranges region to test reliability of the data collection instruments. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used to test reliability which had an overall coefficient of 0.903. The study tested face validity through peer reviews and content validity by opinions of research expert and supervisors. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, which included mean, standard deviation, percentages and frequencies. Inferential statistics, that is Pearson correlation was used to determine strengths of relationship while simple linear regression was used to estimate relationship between variables. The analyzed data was presented using tables, charts and graphs. Study findings indicated that product diversification strategy have positive effect on firm’s performance. The study concluded that tea factories employ business growth strategies to enhance firm performance. The study also concluded that tea factories employ product diversification to increase their competitive advantage over other firms and create products that appeal to customers.
Observations of the cell structure of salt fingers

The phenomenon of salt fingers has been investigated optically to determine the geometry of the cells as seen from above. When the fingers are short, the flow appears to be highly turbulent, though a dominant scale is evident. When the fingers are longer, a cellular structure is clear. This structure changes only slowly, apparently in response to disturbances in the convecting layers which bound the fingers above and below, and becomes more nearly stationary as the fingers grow. Cell boundaries show a strong tendency to intersect at right angles, which favours the emergence of cells with a square horizontal section. As the fingers get longer the cell width increases, but more slowly than the length.
PRODUCTIVITY OF WHITE LUPINE FROM LOW-ALKALOID VARIETIES ( LUPINUS ALBUS L.) UNDER TRANSYLVANIA GROWING CONDITIONS

The aim of the present study was to establish the pretability, productivity and economical efficiency of the white lupine with low alkaloids content culture in the specific agro-climatic conditions of the hilly area of Transylvania. The experimental studies were carried out during the April-August period of 2018 and consisted in setting up a white lupine culture of Amiga variety (variety improved in Poland, considered free of alkaloids and other anti-nutritional compounds), on an area of 0.87 hectares, in Sălaj county, Romania. By analyzing the obtained data it results that the white lupine Amiga variety behaves well in the pedoclimatic conditions of the hilly area of Transylvania, reaching out yields of 2942 kg grains / ha, even in the context of less favorable climatic conditions which labeled the year of 2018 (rainfall excess during the flowering and pod development stage). The production expenses related to one beans ton was 207.07 euro / ton of grains, being lower with ca. 91% compared to the price of acquiring one ton soybean meals (396,14 euro /ton – the market price of the September month of 2018). The production costs related 1 kg of crude protein were lower with 30.4% in lupine compared to soybean meals. Nevertheless, it must be stated the fact that the proteins of the white lupine beans are showing a lower biological value comparatively to those derived from soybean meals. The pretability to the natural conditions of the Transylvania area, the grains yield level, the production expenses relatively low warrant us to recommend the Amiga variety of the white lupine as a perspective variety with high yields, still requiring the assessment for a longer period, comparing to other white lupine varieties homologated in Europe.
Bio efficacy of neem based botanical insecticide against coconut rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus martin under laboratory conditions

The rugose spiralling whiteﬂy, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) (RSW) is an invasive insect pest in coconut crop. It caused more economic losses and limited insecticides are available for the management and indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides caused health hazards to human being. It is necessary to evaluate eco-friendly biopesticides are the need of the hour. The present study carried out to assess the efficacy of neem based biopesticide, namely Neemazal- T/S (10000 ppm) against the invasive pests Rugose spiralling whitefly ( Aleurodicus rugioperculatus ) (RSW) under laboratory condition at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. The insect bioassays were conducted to evaluate the insecticidal efficacy of Neemazal - T/S (10000 ppm) against RSW and the results of the bioassays revealed that the LC 50 values as 6.799, 15.878 and 25.408 ppm for the early, late and mixed life stages of RSW, respectively. Similarly, the LC 90 values as 51.80, 132.10 and 167.10 ppm for the early, late and mixed life stages of RSW the LC 50 values as 6.799, 15.878 and 25.408 ppm for the early, late and mixed life stages of RSW. In both the cases, calculated χ2 value was less than the tabular value indicating the goodness of fit. Cent percent mortality were brought by 35 ppm, 75 ppm and 90 ppm concentration on the third day against the early, late and mixed population of RSW.
Causal Effect of Information Costs on Asset Pricing Anomalies ☆

Active investors strive to beat the market by obtaining an information edge, a costly enterprise that reduces their net profits (Grossman and Stiglitz (1980)). We are the first to both causally identify and assess how these information costs affect stock anomalies. The SEC’s EDGAR slashed the costs of acquiring and trading on accounting information. Using the staggered EDGAR introduction, we show that average alphas for 125 accounting anomalies decline substantially; and the decline entirely explains pre-EDGAR alphas. By contrast, alphas for 80 non-accounting anomalies do not change significantly. Information costs are as substantial and important as other limits to arbitrage.
Nonthermal emission from high-mass microquasar jets affected by orbital motion

Context. The stellar wind in high-mass microquasars should interact with the jet. This interaction, coupled with orbital motion, is expected to make the jet follow a helical, nonballistic trajectory. The jet energy dissipated by this interaction, through shocks for example, could lead to nonthermal activity on scales significantly larger than the system size. Aims. We calculate the broadband emission from a jet affected by the impact of the stellar wind and orbital motion in a high-mass microquasar. Methods. We employ a prescription for the helical trajectory of a jet in a system with a circular orbit. Subsequently, assuming electron acceleration at the onset of the helical jet region, we compute the spatial and energy distribution of these electrons, and their synchrotron and inverse Compton emission including gamma-ray absorption effects. Results. For typical source parameters, significant radio, X- and gamma-ray luminosities are predicted. The scales on which the emission is produced may reduce, but not erase, orbital variability of the inverse Compton emission. The wind and orbital effects on the radio emission morphology could be studied using very long baseline interferometric techniques. Conclusions. We predict significant broadband emission, modulated by orbital motion, from a helical jet in a high-mass microquasar. This emission may be hard to disentangle from radiation of the binary itself, although the light curve features, extended radio emission, and a moderate opacity to very high-energy gamma rays, could help to identify the contribution from an extended (helical) jet region.
Communications in Mathematical Physics KMS States on Nica-Toeplitz C ∗-algebras

Given a quasi-lattice ordered group (G, P) and a compactly aligned product system X of essential C∗-correspondences over the monoid P , we show that there is a bijection between the gauge-invariant KMSβ -states on the Nica-Toeplitz algebra NT (X) of X with respect to a gauge-type dynamics, on one side, and the tracial states on the coefficient algebra A satisfying a system (in general infinite) of inequalities, on the other. This strengthens and generalizes a number of results in the literature in several directions: we do not make any extra assumptions on P and X , and our result can, in principle, be used to study KMS-states at any finite inverse temperature β. Under fairly general additional assumptions we show that there is a critical inverse temperature βc such that for β > βc all KMSβ -states are of Gibbs type, hence gauge-invariant, in which case we have a complete classification of KMSβ -states in terms of tracial states on A, while at β = βc we have a phase transition manifesting itself in the appearance of KMSβ -states that are not of Gibbs type. In the case of right-angled Artin monoids we show also that our system of inequalities for traces on A can be reduced to a much smaller system, a finite one when the monoid is finitely generated. Most of our results generalize to arbitrary quasi-free dynamics on NT (X).
Poly-Z group actions on Kirchberg algebras II

This is the secondpart of our serialworkon the classificationof polyZ group actions on Kirchberg algebras. Based on technical results obtained in our previous work, we completely reduce the problem to the classification of continuous fields of Kirchberg algebras over the classifying spaces. As an application, we determine the number of cocycle conjugacy classes of outer Z n-actions on the Cuntz algebras.
Secondmoment of the Prime Geodesic Theorem for PSL(2,Z[i])

The remainder E (X) in the PrimeGeodesic Theorem for the Picard group = PSL(2,Z[i]) is known to be bounded by O(X3/2+ ) under the assumption of the Lindelöf hypothesis for quadratic Dirichlet L-functions over Gaussian integers. By studying the second moment of E (X), we show that on average the same bound holds unconditionally.
A Warped Disk Model for M33 and the 21 Centimeter Line Width in Spiral Galaxies

To determine the actual H I distribution and the velocity field in the outermost disk of the spiral galaxy M33, a tilted-ring model is fitted to 21 cm line data taken with the Arecibo telescope. Since M33 is one of the main calibrators for the extragalactic distance scale derived through the Tully-Fisher relation, the outer disk warping is of interest for a correct determination and deprojection of the galaxy's line width. Even though our best model predicts small effects on the observed line width of M33, we show that similar outer disk warping in galaxies oriented differently along our line of sight could affect the widths considerably. Therefore there may be systematic effects in the determination of the rotation velocities and dynamic masses of spiral galaxies, whose exact value depends also on which method is used for measuring the galaxy's total line width.
The Gorenstein conjecture fails for the tautological ring of M 2 ,n

We prove that for N equal to at least one of the integers 8, 12, 16, 20 the tautological ring R • ( M 2 ,N ) is not Gorenstein. In fact, our N equals the smallest integer such that there is a non-tautological cohomology class of even degree on M 2 ,N . By work of Graber and Pandharipande, such a class exists on M 2 , 20 , and we present some evidence indicating that N is in fact 20.
Low‐field magnetoresistance and domain drag in ferromagnets

Despite common misconceptions, domain walls are too thick to ’’scatter’’ electrons appreciably. However, electrons crossing a wall apply a torque to it, which tends to cant the wall spins. This could be used to measure the conduction electron spin polarization. Most of the low‐field resistive anomalies observed in pure Fe, Ni and Co at low temperature are caused by the Lorentz force associated with the internal field B=Ms present inside each domain. The existence of low‐resistivity paths extending over many domains accounts for still unexplained magnetoresistance data in iron whiskers. In uniaxial materials, a d.c. eddy‐current loop caused by the Hall effect runs around each wall. The field Hz generated by these loops tends to ’’drag’’ the whole domain structure in the direction of the carrier drift velocity. Also, the Joule dissipation of the eddy currents manifests itself as an excess Ohmic resistance. As predicted, this excess resistance decreases as the square of the field, in amorphous Gd25Co75 films.
Towards a classiﬁcation of symplectic automorphisms on manifolds of K 3 [ n ] type

The present paper is devoted to the classiﬁcation of symplectic automorphisms of some hyperkählermanifolds. The result presented here is a proof that all ﬁnite groups of symplectic automorphisms of manifolds of K 3 [ n ] typeare contained in Conway’s group Co 1 .
Instability of Spatially Homogeneous Solutions in the Class of T2-Symmetric Solutions to Einstein’s Vacuum Equations

In the subject of cosmology, spatially homogeneous solutions are often used to model the universe. It is therefore of interest to ask what happens when perturbing into the spatially inhomogeneous regime. To this end, we, in the present paper, study the future asymptotics of solutions to Einstein’s vacuum equations in the case of T2-symmetry. It turns out that in this setting, whether the solution is spatially homogeneous or not can be characterized in terms of the asymptotics of one variable appearing in the equations; there is a monotonic function such that if its limit is finite, then the solution is spatially homogeneous and if the limit is infinite, then the solution is spatially inhomogeneous. In particular, regardless of how small the initial perturbation away from spatial homogeneity is, the resulting asymptotics are very different. Using spatially homogeneous solutions as models is therefore, in this class, hard to justify.
Quantum Hall System

We study an effective Hamiltonian for the standard ν = 1/3 fractional quantumHall system in the thin cylinder regime.We give a complete description of its ground state space in terms of what we call FragmentedMatrix Product States, which are labeled by a certain family of tilings of the one-dimensional lattice.We then prove that themodel has a spectral gap above the ground states for a range of coupling constants that includes physical values. As a consequence of the gap we establish the incompressibility of the fractional quantumHall states. We also show that all the ground states labeled by a tiling have a finite correlation length, for which we give an upper bound. We demonstrate by example, however, that not all superpositions of tiling states have exponential decay of correlations.
On the Bundle of KMS State Spaces for Flows on a Z -Absorbing C*-Algebra

: A complete characterization is given of the collection of KMS state spaces for a ﬂow on the Jiang-Su C*-algebra in the case that the set of inverse temperatures is bounded. Namely, it is an arbitrary compact simplex bundle over the (compact) set of inverse temperatures with ﬁbre at zero a single point. (Hence this holds for the tensor product of this C*-algebra with any unital C*-algebra with unique trace state.) An analogous characterization is given for arbitrary ﬂows on a (Kirchberg–Phillips) classiﬁable inﬁnite unital simple C*-algebra: for each such algebra the KMS states form an arbitrary proper simplex bundle (the inverse image of a compact set of inverse temperatures is compact) such that the ﬁbre at zero is empty.
Transfer in Pieces

The theoretical perspective outlined here offers an alternative to explanations of knowledge transfer that posit its source in the construction and application of abstract, context-independent knowledge structures. A case study analysis of an undergraduate student's attempt to solve a series of problems related to an elementary statistical principle revealed how she came to see problems initially thought to be different as alike, as she slowly came to identify different problems as instances of a single principle. Microgenetic analysis of the data supports diSessa's (1993) knowledge-in-pieces epistemology, which suggests that complex conceptual understanding is supported by the systematization of many different types of knowledge resources, often highly sensitive to context. A "transfer-in-pieces" approach demonstrates how means of attending to (reading out) and coordinating information available in particular instances may vary as a single mathematical principle is perceived as relevant in different contextual circumstances. Transfer is revealed not as rooted in the acquisition of increasingly abstract mental representations, but through the incremental refinement of knowledge resources that account for—rather than overlook—contextual variation.
Loss asymptotics in large buffers fed by heterogeneous long-tailed sources

This paper presents the large-buffer asymptotics for a multiplexer which serves N types of heterogeneous sessions which have long-tailed session lengths. Specifically, the model considered is that sessions of type i ∈ {1,…,N} arrive as a Poisson process with rate λ i . Each type of session (independently) remains active for a random duration, say τ i , where P(τ i > x) ~ α i x -(1 + β i ) for positive numbers α i and β i . While active, a session transmits at a rate r i . Under the assumption that the average load ρ = ∑ N i=1 r i λ i E[τ i ] < C, where C denotes the server capacity, we show that both the tail distribution of the stationary buffer content and the loss asymptotics in finite buffers of size z behave approximately as z -κ J 0 , where κ J 0 depends not only on the β i but also on the transmission rates r i ; it is the ratio of β i to r i which determines κ J 0 . When specialized to the homogeneous case, i.e., when r i =r and β i = β for all i, the result coincides with results reported in the literature which have been shown under more restrictive hypotheses. Finally, it is a simple observation that light-tailed sessions only have the effect of reducing the available capacity for long-tailed sessions, but do not contribute otherwise to the definition of κ J 0 .