Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderate Consumption of Healthy Nordic Foods is Associated with Reduced Mortality in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study: a Prospective Cohort Study

BackgroundHigh adherence to healthy Nordic diets may enhance longevity. However, optimal intake levels of healthy Nordic foods are not known. Hence, in a large prospective cohort of women in Norway we examined all-cause mortality in relation to intake of five food groups that are part of a healthy Nordic diet: Nordic fruits and vegetables, fatty fish, lean fish, wholegrain products, and low-fat dairy products. MethodsA total of 87 899 women who completed a food frequency questionnaire between 1996 and 2004 were followed for mortality until the end of 2018. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between consumption of the Nordic food groups and all-cause mortality. The food groups were examined as categorical exposures, and all but wholegrain products also as continuous exposures in restricted cubic spline models.Results A total of 9 168 women died during the 20-year follow-up. Nordic fruits and vegetables, fatty fish and low-fat dairy products were not linearly associated with mortality (p < 0.05). The optimal intake levels and hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with these intakes were approximately 200 grams/day of Nordic fruits and vegetables (HR 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77–0.90)), 10–20 grams/day of fatty fish (HR 0.98 (95% CI: 0.92–1.03)) and 200 grams/day of low-fat dairy products (HR 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89–0.99)) compared to no consumption. High consumption of fatty fish (≥ 70 grams/day) was associated with increased mortality. Intake of wholegrain products of >120 grams/day was associated with lower mortality (HR 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85–0.99)) compared to < 60 grams per day. Lean fish consumption was not associated with mortality. After stratification by smoking status, the observed association for Nordic fruits and vegetables was only significant in ever smokers with the optimal intake level at 250 grams/day (HR 0.78 (95% CI: 0.71-0.86)). Conclusion Moderate intake of healthy Nordic foods seems to be better than low or high intake, and high consumption either does not add any beneficial effects or can compromise longevity. Stronger inverse associations for Nordic fruits and vegetables were observed in former and current smokers.
The validity and reliability of an integrated approach for quantifying match physical-tactical performance

This study aimed to: (1) develop an integrated approach to quantifying match physical-tactical performance and (2) comprehensively examine the validity and reliability of this novel approach. Both UEFA qualified coaches and performance analysts (n = 30) participated to verify the scientific robustness of this new method. The percentage of correct responses were used to verify the validity of the integrated approach and the minimum acceptable agreement was set at 80%. Two well-trained groups of observers analysed a randomly selected English Premier League match for inter- and intra-observer reliability using the kappa statistic. A high degree of validity was demonstrated as the mean percentage of correct responses by all participants, accounting for 91.8 ± 4.3% for all, 92.2 ± 4.7% for out-of-possession, and 91.6 ± 5.7% for in-possession physical-tactical variables. Inter- and intra-observer reliability were found to be strong (κ = 0.81) to almost perfect (κ = 0.94), respectively. Additional analyses demonstrated that there was a nearly perfect correlation between data derived from the novel filter used for the present study to capture high-intensity running and those obtained from the filter of the commercial data provider (r = 0.99; P < 0.01). The data demonstrates that the integrated approach is valid and reliable regarding the quantification of physical-tactical performances. Therefore, it is now possible to unveil unique high-intensity profiles of elite players related to key tactical actions. This may help coaches and practitioners better understand the physical-tactical performances of players, as well as effectively translate physical metrics into training.
Knowing your audience: understanding urban superintendents' process of framing equitable change

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand how superintendents leading large, high-profile and politically complex urban districts make sense of their district–community context and advocate for issues of equity.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative multi-case study took place over the 2017–18 school year and involved superintendents leading large urban districts in the United States, with data derived from semi-structured interviews, observations of school board and other public meetings and document collection.FindingsThis article describes how superintendents' sensemaking around equity was situated within the context of interactions with district board members and other stakeholder groups within their communities and influenced by their sense of professional vulnerability of public advocacy. Leaders often felt the need to attenuate their personal sense of equity and act strategically when framing related policies or practices. This study highlights examples by which superintendents were forced to confront instances when community support and prioritization of equity issues did not match their own and subsequently struggled to make sense of how to frame issues that were not in alignment.Originality/valueDespite their positional authority, relatively little attention has been paid to the experience of school district superintendents in fostering equity. This study provides practical examples of superintendents making sense of complex leadership scenarios and taking strategic action to promote equity in authentic circumstances and has important implications for research and practice.
How interfirm governance mechanisms and capabilities determine supply chain responsiveness in small businesses: Evidence from an African market

ABSTRACT This paper examines whether supply chain capabilities (i.e., collaboration and coordination) mediate the relationships between interfirm governance mechanisms (i.e., formal control and social control) and supply chain responsiveness in the context of small businesses. Using survey data from 331 small businesses in Ghana, we find that interfirm governance mechanisms are not directly related to supply chain responsiveness. Additional results show that interfirm governance mechanisms have positive indirect relationships, via supply chain capabilities, with supply chain responsiveness. Overall, this paper offers an improved understanding of how interfirm governance mechanisms might contribute to supply chain responsiveness in small businesses.
Mealybugs on fruit crops in the Sao Franciso Valley, Brazil

Mealybugs are agricultural pests occurring all over the world. The Sao Francisco Valley is one of the most productive regions regarding the cultivation of fruit crops in Brazil, demanding a proper phytosanitary management that can be obtained through the biological control of pests. Fortnight samples of mealybugs associated with roots, trunk, leaves and fruits of grapevines, pear, apple, persimmon, guava and Barbados cherry were performed in commercial farms in the sub-medium Sao Franciso Valley, Brazil, during twelve months. In order to identify mealybugs based on morphological characteristics from adult female specimens, samples were stored in Eppendorf tubes containing ethanol 70%, labeled and then identified. A total of 10,189 mealybugs, including nymphs and adult females were collected, with the highest number of specimens found in grapevines. The second most affected crop was persimmon, followed by pear. The lowest infestation was observed in guava, apple and Barbados cherry. Pseudococcidae evidenced preference for fruits. The following mealybugs were observed in the sub-medium region of the Sao Francisco Valley: Planococcus sp. , Planococcus citri, Phenacoccus solenopsis, Dysmicoccus brevipes, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Ferrisia virgata and Pseudococcus elisae. Key words: Fluctuation, identification, morphology, pests.
Born Too Soon; Implications in a Tertiary Health Facility in Enugu State Nigeria

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a complex complication of pregnancy with multiple etiologies. This results in long term medical burdens to the families and health care system at large. The objective of the study was to determine the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics that affect preterm delivery. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data for the study were retrieved from the antenatal and delivery card of the women that delivered at the unit within the time of data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p value ≤ 0.05. Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors that predicted preterm delivery. Results: Majority of them were married 746(96.9%), Igbos 763(99.1) and Christians 766(99.5%). Most of the women were civil servants 429(55.7%), while about 31.3% of them were unemployed 241(31.3%). Majority of the women 484(62.9%) had tertiary education. About 48% of them delivered through caesarean section while 53.9% booked within 14-28weeks gestation. Delivering through caesarean section and gestational age at booking predicted preterm delivery. Unbooked mothers have about 7times odds of having PTB when compared to those that booked at ≥28 week’s gestation. Conclusion: The prevalence of PTB is still high in Nigeria. Booking status of the mother and C/S delivery were found to be strongly associated with preterm delivery.
An examination of the transition region between the troposphere and stratosphere using tracer space.

Stratosphere Troposphere exchange (STE) is important to study as it controls the chemical composition of the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) and thus the radiative balance of this region. STE also controls the transport of chemicals into the stratosphere which are vital to ozone depletion. The troposphere and the stratosphere have specific chemical characteristics and the transition region between these regions displays characteristics of both. Ozone and water vapour concentrations can be used as tracers for the characteristics of the troposphere and stratosphere. This thesis develops measures in tracer space, which allow the determination of the strength and depth of atmospheric mixing between the troposphere and the stratosphere in extratropical regions. The application of entropy as a measure of atmospheric mixing as introduced by Patmore and Toumi [2006], is improved in this study. This is a measure of how the ozone and water vapour mixing ratios vary as a result of mixing. An additional metric to give further information on the form of the mixing line in tracer space is also developed. This measure uses the ozone and water vapour mixing ratios at the boundaries of the transition region (BO3 and BH2O). This study uses data from ozonesondes and hygrometers, along with satellite data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). The ozone product from AIRS is also validated as part of this study. The entropy, BO3 and BH2O measures from this study, are successfully shown to detect regions of enhanced mixing in comparison studies. A key comparison shows that the measures developed in this study are able to produce comparable conclusions to higher resolution aircraft data, with regards to mixing. The separation of entropy, BO3 and BH2O, into different categories allows mixing processes to be assigned to some of the categories. Mixing is shown to have geographic preference, with some regions having significantly more mixing. Some categories have preference with regards to their location either poleward or equatorward of the jet stream. In addition, some information as to the direction of the vertical transport, whether stratosphere to troposphere or vice versa, is obtained.
Prevalence of Depression and Its Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in an Urban Primary Care Clinic

Aims: To determine the prevalence of depression among patients with Diabetes Mellitus and to identify its associated risk factors. Study design: This is a cross sectional study. Place of study: This study was conducted in an urban primary care clinic in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Methodology: This study utilized a self-administered questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS-D) for the data collection. A total of 358 respondents were eligible to be included in this study. Results: A total of 382 respondents were recruited in this study using universal sampling method. A total number of 358 eligible respondents were included in the final data analysis. The response rate for this study was 94%. Respondents’ mean age was 60.8 years ± 10.3, 56% females, 38% Malays, 76% were married, 37.7% had Diabetes for more than 5 years and 76.3% had completed secondary school education. This study concluded that 63.7% of participants had poor diabetes control and 26% had probable depression. On multiple logistic regression, respondents who earned income less than RM 500 per month were 2.6 times more likely to have probable depression (aOR: 2.64, 95% CI:1.29 -5.43). Patients who received no formal education were 4.5 times more likely to have probable depression (aOR: 4.51 95% CI:1.74-11.63). Respondents with co-morbid illness were almost 3 times more likely to have probable depression (aOR: 2.92, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8). Conclusion: Prevalence of probable depression was high and there was a significant association between depression with income, education level and co-morbid illness. Thus, there is a need to identify and manage depression accordingly among diabetic patients.
Empowering Pakistani Woman: Impact of Education, Technology and Training Skills Development

Purpose: It is known fact that Currently Pakistani woman are facing several problems e.g., domestic violence, gender dominancy, gender discrimination and unequal distribution of power, rights and work, due the inadequacy of education. In this contemporary era of gender inequality woman empowerment is an essential area of study to be focused on. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the impact of education, technology and Skills development adopted for empowerment of women. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data was collected from private and government girls’ colleges of Hyderabad district Sindh. A survey technique was used to collect data using convenience non random sampling technique. Smart PLS responses analyzed with the sample size of 1184. Findings: Results of Structural equation modeling through Smart PLS supported the structural model. It was found that appropriate educational facilities, technology facilitation and training and skills development positively related to Pakistani woman empowerment. Implications/Originality/Value: Education is the milestone in empowering woman and the main factor in woman’s prosperity and development. In this scenario, education is a turning point in playing vital role in empowering woman because it enables the woman to face the challenges of contemporary time and make a significant change in their traditional roles and in their lives. Academician, policy makers and leaders of organizations must note this fact.
COMPARATIVE ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY AND PROFITABILITY OF DIFFERENT SCALES OF POULTRY-EGG PRODUCTION IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

The study compared the allocative efficiency and profitability of poultry-egg farmers in Jos metropolis of Plateau State, Nigeria, across different scales. To select 143 respondents, a two-stage sampling technique was used. Using well-structured questionnaire and interview schedules, primary data on socioeconomic variables were collected. Collected data were analyzed using budgetary technique and stochastic production frontier model. Result of allocative efficiency showed the following: The mean allocative efficiency of the small, medium and large scales was 0.68, 0.12 and 0.11 respectively; the minimum allocative efficiency for small, medium and large scales was 0.30, 0.10 and 0.10 respectively. The maximum allocative efficiency was 0.59, 0.18 and 0.11 respectively for small, medium and large scale farmers. The profitability result indicated that egg production for small, medium and large-scale farms was profitable in the study area with N675, 671.79, N4, 897,236.09 and N16, 327,633.66 per farmer. The rate of return on investment per bird was found to be 19.51%, 31.21% and 83.13% respectively for small, medium and large farm sizes. For small, medium and large-scale farmers respectively, the capital turnover per bird was N 1.20, N1.31 and N1.83. Also, the profitability indices for the small, medium and large scales are N0.16, N0.24 and N0.45. The study recommends that; Farmers should be advised to increase production from small scale to large scale through policies that will promote such, special intervention is needed from the government at all levels through farmers’ cooperatives in the area of inputs subsidy, price efficiency of the farmers could
Effect of Glyphosate and Zinc Application on Yield, Soil Fertility, Yield Components, and Nutritional Status of Soybean

ABSTRACT Glyphosate is a widely used nonselective herbicide for the control of agricultural weeds. It is being increasingly used in glyphosate resistant genetically modified plants. However, there are few studies on its effects on the nutritional status of soybean, particularly on the uptake of zinc (Zn). Two experiments were conducted under field conditions in a Typic Quartzipsamment and an Orthic Ferralsol to investigate the effect of glyphosate application × Zn interaction on soil fertility, yield components, seed yield (SY), shoot dry weight (SDW) yield, and nutritional status of soybean. The five Zn rates 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 kg ha−1 were used in two soybean varieties [BRS 133 (conventional—NGM) and its essentially derived transgenic line BRS 245RR (GM), which was divided into: with (+Gly) and without (–Gly) glyphosate application. Only the P (phosphorus) and Zn available concentrations in the soil were impacted by Zn rates. However, the available P concentration only decreased in the soil planted with GM soybean. Mehlich 1 and diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid–triethanolamine (DTPA–TEA), 7.3 extractants were effective to determine the available Zn. In the two crop sites, the number of pods per plant (NPP) and the SDW yield were affected by the interaction varieties × Zn. SY was influenced by the application of the herbicide, reducing a potential phytotoxic effect with the use of high rates. Regarding the nutrients, only the foliar calcium (Ca), boron (B), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) concentrations were negatively affected by glyphosate, and in the case of Zn, the difference occurred only between the varieties BRS 133 and BRS 245RR.
Nutritional quality of wet distillers’ grains co–ensiled with whole–plant maize and its feeding value for lambs

ABSTRACT: The high moisture content of wet distillers’ grains with solubles (WDGS) has limited its feeding value despite the relatively high nutritive value. The co–ensiling with whole–plant maize, as a complementary feed, was evaluated for growing lambs by formulating diets whose contents were: whole plant maize silage (WPMS) + sunflower oilcake meal (SOM) (control, WPMS + SOM), whole plant maize silage + dried distillers’ grains (WPMS + DDGS), and whole–plant maize (WPM) co–ensiled with WDGS (WPM – WDGS). Rumen fermentation parameters and in situ degradability of the diets were evaluated using three cannulated Merino wethers in a cross over 3 × 3 Latin square design experiment that lasted 39 days. Concurrently, feed intake and growth performance of South Africa Mutton Merino lambs (29.7 ± 3.6 kg) were evaluated over 45 days. The WPMS + DDGS diet had a lower rate of dry matter degradation (p 0.05). No differences in rumen volatile fatty acid, ammonia nitrogen concentration nor rumen pH of the wethers as a result of diet differences were observed. Lambs consuming the WDGS–based diet had a lower average daily intake and average daily gain (p 0.05). In conclusion, co–ensiling WDGS with whole–plant maize provides the opportunity for the long–term storage and utilization of WDGS in lamb feeding.
Air-Water Flow Properties in Hydraulic Jumps With Fully and Partially Developed Inflow Conditions

Novel air–water flow measurements were conducted in fully aerated hydraulic jumps with partially and fully developed supercritical inflow conditions. Irrespective of the inflow conditions, the hydraulic jumps resembled typical flow patterns with strong aeration and instabilities, albeit hydraulic jumps with fully developed inflow conditions had a more upward directed roller motion and a larger clear water core in the second half of the roller. Hydraulic jumps with fully developed inflow conditions had comparatively larger void fractions in the first half of the jump roller and larger bubble count rates throughout, while a comparatively larger number of smaller bubble sizes suggested a stronger break-up of bubbles. This was consistent with slightly larger interfacial velocities and turbulence intensities in the first half of the jump roller with fully developed inflow conditions. An assessment of the required sampling duration for air–water flow properties indicated the requirement to sample for at least five times longer than applied in previous studies. These results highlighted the need to carefully consider the inflow conditions and sampling parameters for aerated hydraulic jumps.
Mathematical Modelling of Alkaline and Ionic Liquid Pretreated Coconut Husk Enzymatic Hydrolysis

The problem of crude oil reserve shortage and air quality decline currently have led researches on renewable fuel such as bioethanol and biohydrogen. The attempt to provide such biofuel involves the utilization of enormously available wasted materials, lignocellulose. Coconut husk is one of such materials available in Indonesia. The previous work had reported the quantity of total reducing sugar produced after the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated coconut husk. The pretreatment methods used were dilute sodium hydroxide solution (1 and 4% w/v), 1,3methylmethylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid and the combination of both methods. This work focused on constructing the mathematical model which describes the kinetic of those enzymatic hydrolysis reactions. Mathematical model expressions help describing as well as predicting the process behavior, which is commonly needed in the process design and control. The development of mathematical model in this work was done based on the total reducing sugar concentration resulted in batch hydrolysis reaction. The kinetic parameters including initial available substrate (S0), maximum reaction rate (rmax), and half-maximum rate constant (KM). According to the values of half-maximum rate constant (KM), the enzymatic hydrolysis performance of coconut husk treated using ionic liquid is better than that treated using dilute alkaline solution as the former had shown lower KM value and hence higher enzyme affinity to the substrate. The best hydrolysis result was performed using combination of 1% dilute sodium hydroxide solution and ionic liquid with kinetic model parameter of 0.5524 g/L.h of rmax, 0.0409 g/L of KM, and 4.1919 g/L of S0. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).