Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Angular-dependent magnetization reversal processes in artificial spin ice

The angular dependence to the magnetization reversal in interconnected kagome artificial spin ice structures has been studied through experimental MOKE measurements and micromagnetic simulations. This reversal is mediated by the propagation of magnetic domain walls along the interconnecting bars which either nucleate at the vertex or arrive following an interaction in a neighbouring vertex. The physical differences in these processes show a distinct angular dependence allowing the different contributions to be identified. The configuration of the initial magnetization state, either locally or on a full sublattice of the system, controls the reversal characteristics of the array within a certain field window. This shows how the available magnetization reversal routes can be manipulated and the system trained.
Some remarks on modified power entropy

The aim of this note is to point out some observations concerning modified power entropy of $\Z$- and $\N$-actions. First, we provide an elementary example showing that this quantity is sensitive to transient dynamics, and therefore does not satisfy a variational principle. Further, we show that modified power entropy is not suitable to detect the break of equicontinuity which takes place during the transition from almost periodic to almost automorphic minimal systems. In this respect, it differs from power entropy and amorphic complexity, which are two further topological invariants for zero entropy systems (`slow entropies'). Finally, we construct an example of an irregular Toeplitz flow with zero modified power entropy.
Effets à long terme de l'atorvastatine à faible dose sur l'athérosclérose : une étude pluridisciplinaire chez un modèle animal, le lapin Watanabe

Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont la premiere cause de mortalite dans le monde, en lien notamment avec la presence et la rupture de plaques d’atherome. Afin d’eviter la survenue d’evenements aigus, un traitement par statines peut etre propose. Cependant, leur utilisation engendre un risque d’effets deleteres. Afin de reduire ce risque, une reduction des doses utilisees pourrait etre envisagee. Ce travail de these etudie les effets potentiels d’un traitement a tres faible dose d’atorvastatine et a long terme sur un modele animal : le lapin Watanabe. Des mesures ont ete menees sur des individus controles et traites de 3 a 12 mois. Le suivi de la lipidemie et des principaux facteurs biochimiques, de l’adhesion et de l’inflammation a ete fait au niveau sanguin. Le developpement de l’atherosclerose a ete evalue en tomographie par coherence optique (OCT). Des mesures en histologie ont permis de valider un classement propose avec l’OCT et de quantifier les macrophages intra plaques. L’elasticite arterielle a ete testee in vivo par la mesure de la vitesse de l’onde de pouls et in vitro par un test de traction statique. La fonction vasculaire a ete apprehendee en vasoreactivite sur differents territoires (aorte, carotide, mesenterique). Le contenu en elastine et collagene de la paroi des vaisseaux a ete effectue en microscopie a deux photons et generation de seconde harmonique. Enfin la respiration mitochondriale du myocarde et sa susceptibilite aux ROS a ete evaluee sur fibres cardiaques permeabilisees, l’activite de systemes antioxydants enzymatiques mesure, ainsi que la peroxydation lipidique. Les resultats montrent des effets benefiques de ce traitement a tres faible dose d’atorvastatine sur la fonction cardiovasculaire independamment d’un effet hypolipidemiant.
Inverse Problem of Lagrangian Mechanics for Classically Damped Linear Multi-Degrees-of-Freedom Systems

Lagrangians for classically damped linear multi-degrees-of-free- dom dynamical systems are obtained using simple and elementary methods. Such dynamical systems are very widely used to model and analyze small amplitude vibrations in numerous naturally occurring and engineered systems. An invariant of the motion is also obtained. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4034012]
Boundary Layer Development in Axial Compressors and Turbines: Part 4 of 4 — Computations and Analyses

This is Part Four of a four-part paper. It begins with Section 16.0 and concludes the description of the comprehensive experiments and computational analyses that have led to a detailed picture of boundary layer development on airfoil surfaces in multistage turbomachinery.In this part the computational predictions made using several modem boundary layer codes are presented. Both steady codes and an unsteady code were evaluated. The results are compared with time-averaged and unsteady integral parameters measured for the boundary layers. Assessments are made to provide guidance in using the predictive codes to locate transition and predict loss. Conclusions from the entire work are then presented.Copyright © 1995 by ASME
Serial Verb Constructions in North-West Semitic languages: From a synchronic radiation back to the ‘Big Bang’

The present article argues that Serial Verb Constructions (SVCs) in North-West Semitic (NWS) languages have emerged from clause fusion. The analysis of the synchronic profiles of SVCs in four of the oldest attested languages of this branch, i.e., Canaano-Akkadian, Ugaritic, Biblical Hebrew, and Biblical Aramaic, reveals an evolutionary path from less cohesive non-canonical serializing patterns of a pseudo-coordinated character to increasingly more cohesive and canonical serializing patterns. The ultimate source of this path and verbal serialization is reconstructed as conjunctive coordination with two clauses being linked by the predecessor of a coordinator that surfaces as u/w in the four analyzed languages.
The diameter of the first nodal line of a convex domains

The main goal of this paper is to prove that the first nodal line for the Dirichlet problem in a convex planar domain has diameter less than an absolute constant times the inradius of the domain. More precisely, we locate the nodal line, to within a distance comparable to the inradius, near the zero of an ordinary differential equation, which is associated to the domain in a natural way. We also derive estimates for the first and second eigenvalues in terms of the corresponding eigenvalues of the ordinary differential equation and construct an approximate first eigenfunction. Two examples, a rectangle and a circular sector, illustrate the two extreme possibilities for the location of the nodal line. For the rectangle R = { (x, y) o 1, we have the second eigenfunction
A novel health monitoring scheme for smart structures

This paper proposes a multiclass nonlinear relevance vector machine (MNRVM) model for health monitoring of smart structures equipped with magnetorheological (MR) dampers. The proposed model will be used to classify the damage statuses of the integrated structure-control systems subjected to ambient excitations. A numerical model of a three-story building equipped with an MR damper is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed health monitoring schemes. Dynamic responses of the smart structures subjected to random excitations are measured. Discrete wavelet transform is applied to the obtained data to compress and filter noises of the measured data. As a next step, the compressed and de-noised signals are used for developing autoregressive (AR) models. Then the MNRVM is applied to the AR-coefficient data to classify them with respect to the damage statuses. As a baseline, the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is considered. It is demonstrated that the proposed MNRVM framework is effective in classifying various damage statuses of the nonlinear smart structures subjected to ambient excitations. Simulation results also show that the MNRVM performs similar to the SVM with faster computation time.
Recounting Fibonacci and Lucas Identities

Arthur Benjamin (benjamin@nriath.hnric.edu) earned his B.S. in Applied Mathematics from Carnegie Mellon and his Ph.D. in Mathematical Sciences from Johns Hopkins where he studied discrete optimization under Alan J. Goldman. Since 1989, he has taught at Harvey Mudd College, where he is currently an associate professor. He is editor of the Spectrum book series for MAA, and an Associate Editor of Mathematics Magazine. He was recently awarded the MAA's Haimo Award for distinguished college teaching.
Use of MODIS imagery for the optical characterization of Western Mediterranean waters

MODIS data have been widely used for the study of marine waters and particularly for the estimation of chlorophyll concentration [CHL]. The [CHL] retrieval algorithms which are applied to MODIS imagery show various degrees of accuracy depending on the presence of Case 1 and Case 2 waters (C1W and C2W). The current paper presents the adaptation of a recently proposed algorithm based on Spectral Angle Mapping (SAM) to characterize water types using MODIS data. The algorithm is applied to 26 MODIS images taken over the Western Mediterranean basin from 2003 to 2009. The value of a SAM indicator of proximity to Case 1 waters is first assessed towards in situ measurements collected during the same period. The results confirm that the fuzzy categorization into C1-C2W can be used to guide the application of different algorithms. In this way, the accuracy of [CHL] estimation is decidedly enhanced both in oceanic and coastal areas.
Robust comparison of two regression lines and biomedical applications

A distribution-free test is proposed for determining if the regression for one set of bivariate observations is uniformly greater than that for another set of bivariate observations, over a finite interval of values of the independent variable. Some biomedical applications are mentioned. This test is then applied to the data involving kidney weights and body weights of mice, which has been analyzed by Tsutakawa and Hewett (1978, Biometrics 34, 391-398), using parametric normal-theory methods. The distribution-free methodology is justified on the grounds of robustness and the observation that, for this set of data, the assumption of normality is not tenable.
Advances in Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment for Spinal Diseases: A Systematic Review

Spinal diseases are commonly associated with pain and neurological symptoms, which negatively impact patients’ quality of life. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous source of multiple growth factors and cytokines, with the potential to promote tissue regeneration. Recently, PRP has been widely used for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, including spinal diseases, in clinics. Given the increasing popularity of PRP therapy, this article examines the current literature for basic research and emerging clinical applications of this therapy for treating spinal diseases. First, we review in vitro and in vivo studies, evaluating the potential of PRP in repairing intervertebral disc degeneration, promoting bone union in spinal fusion surgeries, and aiding in neurological recovery from spinal cord injury. Second, we address the clinical applications of PRP in treating degenerative spinal disease, including its analgesic effect on low back pain and radicular pain, as well as accelerating bone union during spinal fusion surgery. Basic research demonstrates the promising regenerative potential of PRP, and clinical studies have reported on the safety and efficacy of PRP therapy for treating several spinal diseases. Nevertheless, further high-quality randomized controlled trials would be required to establish clinical evidence of PRP therapy.
Lock-in Amplifier Dairy Sensor for Detection of Ciprofloxacin

This work introduces a sensor for dairy antibiotic detection of ciprofloxacin in milk. We provide an important tool for antibiotic detection in milk and the main contributions of this work are as follows. We introduce a technique based on florescence spectroscopy and lock-in amplification for sensing ciprofloxacin in milk that is capable of detection below the regulatory limit. We compare the system against one without the integrated lock-in amplification, as in traditional fluorescence sensors. We provide microchip capillary electrophoresis results and place our work in context for future integration with microchip capillary electrophoresis.
Gevrey regularity of the solutions of inhomogeneous nonlinear partial differential equations

In this article, we are interested in the Gevrey properties of the formal power series solutions in time of some inhomogeneous nonlinear partial differential equations with analytic coefficients at the origin of Cn+1. We systematically examine the cases where the inhomogeneity is s-Gevrey for any s≥0, in order to carefully distinguish the influence of the data (and their degree of regularity) from that of the equation (and its structure). We thus prove that we have a noteworthy dichotomy with respect to a nonnegative rational number sc fully determined by the Newton polygon of a convenient associated linear partial differential equation: for any s≥sc, the formal solutions and the inhomogeneity are simultaneously s-Gevrey; for any s<sc, the formal solutions are generically sc-Gevrey. In the latter case, we give an explicit example in which the solution is s'-Gevrey for no s'<sc. As a practical illustration, we apply our results to the generalized Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation.
A weighted contextual active fire detection algorithm based on Himawari-8 data

ABSTRACT Himawari-8, a geostationary satellite, is equipped with the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) sensor, which offers significant advantages for forest fire monitoring. This study proposes a weighted contextual fire detection algorithm (AHI_WFDA) that can apply to the AHI sensor as a global fire detection algorithm. Unlike the traditional pass-by screening algorithms, the algorithm takes into account the characteristics of different bands and assigns different weights and corresponding thresholds to the test conditions based on the bands' sensitivity to fire. To validate the algorithm's performance, we tested it on fires in five target areas. We regard MODIS data as the ground truth data and it was used as the benchmark for comparison with the AHI_WFDA , the Himawari-8 official product WLF, and the traditional spatial contextual algorithm (the reproduced SEVIRI algorithm). The results show that the AHI_WFDA significantly reduces the commission error rate compared to the WLF product. While our algorithm's accuracy rate is not superior to the SEVIRI algorithm, it detects more fire incidents correctly. Compared with the MODIS active fire product, the AHI_WFDA's omission error rate is about 63%. In contrast, the relative commission error rate is about 12%, which is in line with the results of some previous studies. In addition, we conducted detailed verification of our algorithm's results with the support of the Landsat series and Sentinel-2 data. The results show that the algorithm in this paper can effectively exploit the fire detection capability of AHI sensors and provide a new idea for the subsequent algorithms.
A Fast VVC Intra Prediction Based on Gradient Analysis and Multi-Feature Fusion CNN

The Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) has created the Versatile Video Coding Standard (VVC/H.266), the most up-to-date video coding standard, offering a broad selection of coding tools. The maturity of commercial VVC codecs can significantly reduce costs and improve coding efficiency. However, the latest video coding standards have introduced binomial and trinomial tree partitioning methods, which cause the coding units (CUs) to have various shapes, increasing the complexity of coding. This article proposes a technique to simplify VVC intra prediction through the use of gradient analysis and a multi-feature fusion CNN. The gradient of CUs is computed by employing the Sobel operator, the calculation results are used for predecision-making. Further decisions can be made by CNN for coding units that cannot be judged whether they should be segmented or not. We calculate the standard deviation (SD) and the initial depth as the input features of the CNN. To implement this method, the initial depth can be determined by constructing a segmented depth prediction dictionary. For the initial segmentation depth of the coding unit, regardless of its shape, it can also be determined by consulting the dictionary. The algorithm can determine whether to split CUs of varying sizes, decreasing the complexity of the CU division process and making VVC more practical. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can reduce encoding time by 36.56% with a minimal increase of 1.06% Bjøntegaard delta bit rate (BD-BR) compared to the original algorithm.
Anopheles funestus Populations across Africa Are Broadly Susceptible to Neonicotinoids but with Signals of Possible Cross-Resistance from the GSTe2 Gene

Evaluating the susceptibility of malaria vectors to the new WHO-recommended products is a key step before large-scale deployment. We mapped the susceptibility profile of Anopheles funestus to neonicotinoids across Africa and established the diagnostic doses of acetamiprid and imidacloprid with acetone + MERO as solvent. Indoor resting An. funestus were collected in 2021 in Cameroon, Malawi, Ghana and Uganda. Susceptibility to clothianidin, imidacloprid and acetamiprid was evaluated using CDC bottle assays and offsprings of the field-caught adults. The L119F-GSTe2 marker was genotyped to assess the potential cross-resistance between clothianidin and this DDT/pyrethroid-resistant marker. Mosquitoes were susceptible to the three neonicotinoids diluted in acetone + MERO, whereas low mortality was noticed with ethanol or acetone alone. The doses of 6 µg/mL and 4 µg/mL were established as diagnostic concentrations of imidacloprid and acetamiprid, respectively, with acetone + MERO. Pre-exposure to synergists significantly restored the susceptibility to clothianidin. A positive correlation was observed between L119F-GSTe2 mutation and clothianidin resistance with the homozygote resistant mosquitoes being more able to survive than heterozygote or susceptible. This study revealed that An. funestus populations across Africa are susceptible to neonicotinoids, and as such, this insecticide class could be effectively implemented to control this species using IRS. However, potential cross-resistance conferred by GSTe2 calls for regular resistance monitoring in the field.
Testing for Association in Contingency Tables with Multiple Column Responses

SUMMARY In many studies, multiple categorical responses or measurements are made on members of different populations or treatment groups. This arises often in surveys where individuals may mark all answers that apply when responding to a multiple-choice question. Frequently, it is of interest to determine whether the distributions of responses differ among groups. In this situation, the test statistic of the usual Pearson chi-square test no longer measures a scaled distance between observed and hypothesized cell counts in a contingency table, and its distribution is no longer the familiar chisquare. This paper presents a modification to the Pearson statistic that measures the appropriate distance for multiple-response tables. The asymptotic distribution is shown to be that of a linear combination of chi-square random variables with coefficients depending on the true probabilities. A bootstrap resampling method is proposed instead to obtain a null-hypothesis sampling distribution. Simulations show that this bootstrap method maintains its size under a variety of circumstances, while a naively applied Pearson chi-square test is severely affected by multiple responses.
IMPROVING THE SELECTION SYMMETRIC WEIGHTS AS A SECONDARY GOAL IN DEA CROSS-EFFICIENCY EVALUATION

Recently, some authors proposed the use of symmetric weights for computing the elements of cross-efficiency matrix. In spite of the fact that the proposed method decreases the number of zero weights, a large number of zero weights may still exist among input and output symmetric weights. To decrease the number of input and output symmetric weights, this paper improves the proposed secondary goal model. The improved method generates more acceptable results in the ranking process of the decision making units (DMUs). Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method.
The solar wind during current and past solar minima and maxima

This paper presents solar wind data from the last five solar cycles. We review solar wind parameters over the four solar minima and five maxima for which spacecraft data are available and show the recovery from the last very weak minimum to the current solar maximum. The solar wind magnetic field, speed, and density have remained anomalously low in this time period. However, the distributions of these parameters about the (lower than normal) average are similar to those from previous solar minima and maxima. This result suggests that the acceleration mechanism for the recent weak solar wind is probably not significantly different from earlier solar cycles. The He++/H+ ratio variation with solar cycle continues to be a function of speed, but the most recent solar minimum has significantly lower ratios than in the previous solar cycle.
Association of ApoE gene polymorphisms with serum lipid levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese Han population of central China

Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is involved in lipid transformation and metabolism. Although some studies have examined the association between ApoE polymorphisms and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the findings differ depending on the location and population. Methods A total of 1,738 participants, including 743 patients with T2DM and 995 controls without T2DM, were enrolled from central China, and ApoE polymorphisms, 388T > C (rs429358) and 526C > T (rs7412), were genotyped. The association between ApoE alleles and T2DM and blood lipid levels was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the interactions between ApoE polymorphisms and various factors, such as age, sex, and prevalence of hypertension in patients with T2DM. Results The genotype ɛ3/ɛ4 and ɛ4 alleles of ApoE were associated with T2DM risk in the Chinese Han population in central China. Moreover, in patients with T2DM, participants in the E4 (ɛ3/ɛ4, ɛ4/ɛ4) group had significantly higher lipid profiles than those in the E3 (ɛ3/ɛ3) group, whereas participants in the E2 group (ɛ2/ɛ2, ɛ2/ɛ3) showed lower total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and ApoE-A1 levels than those in the E3 (ɛ3/ɛ3) group. The results from the current study may help in understanding ApoE polymorphisms and lipid profiles in the Chinese Han population.
Enhancing Torsional Stiffness of Continuum Robots Using 3-D Topology Optimized Flexure Joints

Flexure-joint-based continuum robots are used in a variety of engineering applications, such as minimally invasive surgery and space exploration. However, some highly flexible joints, such as the leaf-spring joint, have a low torsional stiffness, which greatly limits the payload capacity of the constructed continuum robots in their curved configuration. On the other hand, some high-torsional-stiffness joints, such as the cartwheel joint, also suffer from the issue of stress concentration. To cope with these problems, in this article, we propose a 3-D-topology-optimization-based method in this article to achieve multiaxis design of flexure joints. Using a multiobjective algorithm, the torsional stiffness and rotational flexibility of different axes of the joint structure are taken into account in the optimization process. In addition, artificial spring elements are introduced in the design problem to realize a balanced stress distribution. To evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method, experiments are also performed to test the bending performance and torsional stiffness of the constructed continuum robot. Results have demonstrated that, the continuum robot equipped with the optimized flexure joints can successfully achieve high torsional stiffness while maintaining its bending flexibility.