Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Loss of Life in Cases of Dam Failure and Flash Flood

This paper improves upon previous attempts to predict loss of life (LOL) from severe flooding events. An expression for LOL in terms of warning time (WT), the size of the population at risk (PAR), and the forcefulness of the flood waters (Force) is derived from the historical record of dam failures and flash flood cases via logistic regression. There is no evidence for an effect of prior flooding experience or an interaction between WT and PAR, as has been suggested elsewhere. Guidelines are suggested for the proper use of the final equations and the findings are discussed in relation to a theoretical model of flood fatalities.
Oncology nurses’ experiences with the implementation and trial of video communication in the follow-up of cancer patients in primary care: a pilot study in Norway

Background: Cancer survival has increased significantly over the last decade. An increasing number of patients require long-term health care. There is a need for new models of effective follow-up in primary cancer care.Objective: The aim was to provide knowledge about oncology nurses’ (ONs’) experiences and perceptions of the use of video communication (VC) to follow up with patients living at home.Methods: This was a descriptive, qualitative study of ONs’ experiences with implementing and trying VC. Data were gathered after a 3-month trial. Individual interviews were content analyzed.Results: Four female ONs participated. The study provides knowledge about the introduction of VC and its influences on follow-up care.Conclusions: With the provision of technical support and training during the introduction of VC and with the protection of patient safety, VC seems to be an effective addition to the traditional follow-up of cancer patients living at home. The findings indicate that VC can be used in primary cancer care. Our findings have practical consequences for nursing leaders considering VC in patient follow-up. Additional research is necessary.
2 Regional Variation in EU Identification in the Southern and Eastern Peripheries of Europe: Does Cohesion Policy Matter?

: EU cohesion policy, supporting a variety of projects that support regional economic development and contribute to betterment of quality of life, can be considered as a tool that is contributing to the development of a ‘sense of community’ among the EU citizens and shaping the perceptions of the EU. By investing in projects across the European territory, the policy has a direct impact on people’s daily lives and their environment. Whether and how exactly EU cohesion policy actually affects what people think about the EU remains unclear, particularly at the regional level where the policy has the most direct and palpable effects. The chapter addresses this knowledge gap by exploring the regional variation of EU identification across the regions of southern and eastern Europe. This focus is particularly relevant given that these countries are the main beneficiaries of EU cohesion policy. At the same time, many of these countries are experiencing tumultuous political developments tilting the governmental discourse towards sceptical or even hostile positions towards European integration, which is not necessarily in line with citizens’ views on the EU. The study uses Euro-barometer surveys from 2015 to explore how opinions about EU image and attachment to EU vary across southern and eastern Europe. The analysis identifies clusters of regions with similar patterns and then tries to relate these clusters to the possible role of cohesion policy in the emergence of these regional patterns. Abstract: In the concept of the aesthetic formation of knowledge and its as soon as possible and success-oriented application, insights and profits without the reference to the arguments developed around 1900. The main investigation also includes the period between the entry into force and the presentation in its current version. Their function as part of the literary portrayal and narrative technique.
Analytical methods to reduce uncertainty in tunnel construction projects

This paper presents a method to quantify uncertainty using simulation techniques and approximate geotechnical methods. Unknown soil conditions are major contributors to uncertainty in any underground construction project. Soil conditions are unknown because generally soil samples taken from vertical boreholes show only the soils present in the discrete borehole locations. The soil profiles between the boreholes therefore contribute to project uncer - tainty, and construction practitioners must make assumptions about these soil profiles for construction planning and scheduling purposes. Analytical and simulation methods are presented to accurately predict soil profiles between bore - holes and reduce uncertainty in a "rough and ready" fashion. These methods use existing borehole data to create an an- alytical model for soil prediction, which is then incorporated with a process interaction simulation model of the construction project using special purpose simulation concepts and advanced geotechnical characterization techniques. The application of these methods to an Edmonton tunnel construction project is also detailed. Construction engineers or managers can use these simulation methods to strengthen the geological data obtained for the construction project. Resume : Cet article presente une methode pour quantifier l'incertitude lors de l'utilisation de techniques de simulation et de methodes geotechniques approximatives. Des conditions de sol inconnues sont le principal facteur d'incertitude de tout projet de construction souterrain, Les conditions de sols sont inconnues parce que les echantillons de sol, pris de forages verticaux, ne montrent generalement que les sols presents aux endroits specifiques du forage. Les profils de sols entre les forages contribuent donc a l'incertitude du projet et les constructeurs doivent poser des hypotheses sur les profils de sols lors de la planification et de l'etablissement de l'echeancier de construction. On presente des methodes analytiques et de simulation afin de predire precisement les profils de sols entre les forages et ainsi reduire l'incertitude a un niveau « general et acceptable ». Ces methodes utilisent les donnees de forage existantes pour creer un modele analytique de prediction des sols, lequel est ensuite incorpore dans un modele de simulation de processus d'interaction du projet de construction utilisant des concepts de simulation speciale et des techniques de caracterisation geotechniques avancees. L'utilisation de ces methodes lors d'un projet de percement d'un tunnel a Edmonton est expli- que en detail. Les ingenieurs ou les gestionnaires de construction peuvent utiliser ces methodes de simulation pour sou - tenir les donnees geotechniques obtenues pour le projet de construction. Mots cles : donnees de forage, construction, risque, familles de sols, profils de sols, transitions de sols, simulation spe - ciale, percement de tunnels, incertitude.
Impact of National Culture on the Management Practices of Construction Projects in the United Arab Emirates

AbstractCulture plays an important role in Arab Middle East society. Its unique historical, social, and religious traditions require special attention to cultural traits in the exercise of authority, control, and interaction. However, little research has investigated the effects of national culture on the management practices of construction companies. This research investigates this relationship through a questionnaire survey and interviews of a sample of construction companies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It solicits views about the type of and experiences concerning the effect of the key national and cultural dimensions on adopted management practices. The research demonstrates that construction companies within the UAE construction industry have developed and adopted a unique management style that is a mixture of Western and Eastern management applications. These companies have primarily adopted a clan culture that emphasizes the development of human resources, flexibility, decentralization, tea.
Mechanical properties of air-cement-treated soils

As the effect of mix proportions on the mechanical properties of air-cement-treated soils has not been clear until now, the mechanical properties of cement-treated and air-cement-treated soils were compared in conditions of equivalent strength in unconfined compression. Owing to differences in the cement content, the air-cement-treated soil was more brittle and its strength less dependent on the confined stress than that of the cement-treated soil. A unique failure criterion can be obtained for each soil regardless of the drainage conditions. The confined pressure dependence reduced when both cement and air-void contents were increased; however, the deviator stress was unaffected by the confining pressure at small strain values. The unconfined compression strength is also useful for determining the mechanical properties of treated soils. Les effets du dosage des elements sur les proprietes mecaniques des sols traites a l'air-ciment etant jusqu′ a aujourd′ hui peu connus, nous avons conduit une etude des p.
Effect of Pasteurization Temperature, Starter Culture, and Incubation Temperature on the Physicochemical Properties, Yield, Rheology, and Sensory Characteristics of Spreadable Goat Cheese

The local cheese factories currently use bovine commercial starter cultures, and the spreadable cheese process is not standardized. A detailed understanding of the effect of pasteurization temperature, starter culture, and incubation temperature must allow producers to optimize the process, increase cheese yield, and improve the quality of the final product. The main objective of the study was to describe the preparation method of spreadable goat cheese and investigate the effects of specific processing conditions (pasteurization temperature, starter culture, and incubation temperature) on the composition, yield, rheology, and sensory characteristics of the final product. Results showed the impact of pasteurization temperature, starter culture, and incubation temperature on spreadable goat cheese. The results indicated that it is possible to improve cheese yield, rheological properties, and sensory analysis when milk is pasteurized at 75°C for 30 minutes; cheese yield can also be improved by lowering incubation temperature to 37°C. Cheeses made with autochthonous starter culture showed better sensory characteristics and higher pH compared to the cheeses made with commercial culture.
Gestão de tecnologia em universidades: uma análise do patenteamento e dos fatores de dificuldade e de apoio à transferência de tecnologia no Estado de São Paulo

Technology management in Brazilian public universities has gained increasing importance within the Brazilian innovation system. The Innovation Act of 2004 provides specific legal guidance on intellectual property, technical cooperation and technology transfer, favoring the intensification of these processes. The objective of this work was to understand the institutional policies and challenges for technology transfer in the public universities, as well as to identify forces and obstacles related to technology commercialization. The kind of analyses was qualitative, and for the empirical part of the work, the strategy of case studies was used in institutions such as: USP, Unesp, Unicamp, Unifesp e UFSCar. Using technology transfer contracts from each one of them, this article reveals key aspects, forces and obstacles within that practice. An increase in intellectual property and technology commercialization activities was noted in all cases, but this is still recent.
Trunk injection of fosetyl‐aluminium controls the root disease caused by
 Phytophthora cinnamomi
 on
 Quercus ilex
 woodlands

Agronomy Department, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain Department of Biogeochemistry, Plant and Microbial Ecology, IRNAS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain Correspondence María E. Sánchez, Agronomy Department, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain. Email: ag1sahem@uco.es Funding information European Union, European Commission, EASME, LIFE programme, Grant/Award Number: LIFE+ 11 BIO/ES/000726; Fundación BBVA, Spain, Grant/Award Number: project 075_15 In Spain, Quercus open woodlands are animal ranching systems of organic production seriously threatened by the exotic pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi. The root disease it causes kills thousands of oaks annually. Effective disease management needs to integrate different techniques, and the use of a resistance inducer such as fosetyl-Al can play a key role, because the use of potassium phosphite is prohibited in Spain. In a woodland where the pathogen recently arrived, 60 holm oaks in three different defoliation classes (asymptomatic, slight and moderate defoliation) were selected for trunk injection with pressurised capsules containing 4% of commercial fosetyl-Al or water (controls). Holm oaks were checked periodically for defoliation and presence of the pathogen in roots and rhizosphere soil. Three years after treatments, defoliation was significantly lower in oaks treated with fosetyl-Al, which even increased canopy cover, in comparison with control oaks, independent of the initial defoliation class considered. Chlamydospore density in rhizosphere soil, as well as the presence of the pathogen into the roots, was not significantly influenced by fosetyl-Al treatments, although a trend to a lower presence of P. cinnamomi in roots was observed in treated oaks at every soil inoculum density detected. This study has shown that fosetyl-Al, a phosphonate registered as a fungicide in the European Union, provides protection to holm oaks against P. cinnamomi, even exhibiting a therapeutic effect on pre-existing infections. Consequently, this effective measure should be considered as part of the integrated approach to control this highly destructive pathogen in holm oak woodlands.
Electromagnetic imaging of a fuel oil spill at Sandia/CA

The multifrequency, multisource integral wave migration method commonly used in the analysis of seismic data is extended to electromagnetic (EM) data within the audio frequency range. The method is applied to the secondary magnetic fields produced by a borehole, vertical electric source (VES). The integral wave-migration method is a numerical reconstruction procedure utilizing Green`s theorem where the fields are migrated (extrapolated) from the measuring aperture into the interior of the earth. To form the image, the approach used here is to Fourier transform the constructed image from frequency domain to time domain and set time equal to zero. The image is formed when the in-phase part (real part) is a maximum or the out-of-phase (imaginary part) is a minimum; ie. , the EM wave is phase coherent at its origination. In the application here, the secondary magnetic fields are treated as scattered fields. To determine the conductivity, the measured data migrated to a pixel location are equated to calculated data migrated to the same pixel. The conductivity is determined from solving a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind by solving a system of linear algebraic equations. The multifrequency, multisource integral wave-migration method is applied to calculated model data and to actual field data acquired to map a diesel fuel oil spill. For the application discussed here, a two dimensional resistivity slice is calculated from the solution to the Fredholm integral equation. The resistivity image of the fuel oil agrees with the known location.
Trigonelline (N-methylnicotinic acid) Biosynthesis and its Biological Role in Plants

Trigonelline is synthesized from nicotinic acid in many plant species. This compound accumulates in seeds of leguminous plants and Coffea sp. The present article reviews the distribution of nicotinic acid conjugates and biosynthetic pathways of trigonelline, including the pyridine nucleotide cycle and de novo synthesis. The function of trigonelline in plants is also discussed.
The Conference Proceedings of the 1998 Air Transport Research Group (ATRG) of the WCTR Society, Volume 1

In this paper, we develop a model with which allows us to measure not only the changes in equilibrium outcomes and welfare consequences of liberalizing a bilateral air transport agreement, but also the distribution of the gains and losses to carriers and consumers of each bilateral country and those of the third foreign countries. Our model also allows to measure the effects of changes in a bilateral agreement on the amount of traffic diversion between the direct bilateral routes and the indirect routes via a third country. We also provide an extension of our model to a case of oligopoly market outcome (Coumot Nash equilibrium). In our model, quality aspects are treated in the framework of hedonic price theory by specifying the quality-adjusted price (quantity) as a multiplication of the observed price (quantity) by the reciprocal quality index function (the quality index function). Numerical simulations were conducted to measure the effects of changing the following major policy levers in a bilateral air transport agreement: 1) Removing price regulation while retaining frequency and entry restrictions; 2) Removing price and entry regulation while retaining frequency restrictions; 3) Removing frequency regulations while retaining price and entry regulations; 4) Removing frequency and entry regulations while retaining price regulation; 5) Removing price and frequency regulations while retaining entry restriction; and 6) Removing all price, frequency and entry regulations (de facto, open skies).
Factorial Structure of Speed and Static Strength in a Lateral Arm Movement

Abstract Speed of movement in a lateral adductive arm swing was timed at seven equidistant points on an arc of 120 degrees. Static strength and effective arm mass were measured in the movement position. Data obtained on 36 men and 36 women were subjected to a centroid factor analysis. The structure for both sexes consisted of a single common factor for arm speed and a substantial item-specific factor for the first 17 cm. of movement, suggesting that the velocity curve probably consisted of two components. The correlations between the strength/mass ratios and speeds of movement were almost zero, except in the middle phase of the action, where the relationship was . 29 for men and . 27 for women (.36 and .34 when corrected for attenuation). These very low correlations supported the hypothesis of neuromotor specificity. Circumferential speed for women was 17 percent slower than for men, partly because their arms were shorter. In angular speed, the sex difference was only 5 percent.
Clonal Propagation of Coffea arabica with Indole Butyric Acid and Acclimatization Conditions in Amazonas, Peru

The use of hormones is important in improving the propagation process. The objective of the experiment was to identify the best dose of indole butyric acid (IBA) hormone for the rooting of coffee cuttings of the typical variety through clonal propagation in the Amazon region. The experiment was carried out in two stages. Both stages were carried out under a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The percentage of rooting of cuttings and the number of roots were evaluated. The coffee tree clones were collected from rust tolerant elite plants. In the laboratory, the cuttings were immersed for 10 minutes in fungicide and then in five doses of IBA hormone (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 mg L−1) of IBA. They were then placed in a microtunnel. With the best dose obtained in stage 1 of IBA (T4: 2000 mg L−1), which achieved a rooting percentage of 52.50% and 5.8 roots on average, stage 2 was installed for the evaluation of acclimatization conditions (greenhouse and nursery). Thirty plants of the Típica variety were evaluated per treatment. Regarding the results after 90 days, the greenhouse obtained the highest values with 72.22% survival, a plant height of 9.48 cm, 4.32 mm stem diameter, 6.53 leaves per plant, 9.65 cm leaf length, and 3.83 cm leaf width. The IBA hormone in a controlled environment such as the greenhouse achieves good vegetative propagation for the Típica variety.
Direct Economic Losses in the Northridge Earthquake: A Three-Year Post-Event Perspective

The Northridge earthquake will long be remembered for the unprecedented losses incurred as a result of a moderate-size event in a suburban area of Los Angeles. Current documented costs indicate that this event is the costliest disaster in U.S. history. Although it is difficult to estimate the full cost of this event, it is quite possible that total losses, excluding indirect effects, could reach as much as $40 billion. This would make the Northridge earthquake less severe than the Kobe event, which occurred exactly one year after the Northridge earthquake, but adds a bit of realism that a Kobe-type disaster is possible in the U.S. This paper attempts to put into perspective the direct capital losses associated with the Northridge earthquake. In doing so, we introduce the concept of hidden and/or undocumented costs that could double current estimates. In addition, we present the notion that a final estimate of loss may be impossible to achieve, although costs do begin to level off two years after the earthquake. Finally, we attempt to reconcile apparent differences between loss totals for two databases tracking similar information.
Symmetric punching of reinforced concrete slabs

Synopsis The paper reports punching tests on 28 reinforced concrete slabs. The tests were divided into five series primarily concerned with the effects of the arrangement of flexural reinforcement, absolute size or depth, concrete strength and ratio of reinforcement, boundary restraint and the size of the loaded area. The results are compared with the predictions of four Codes of Practice-BS 8110, CP 110, ACI 318-83 and the CEB-FIP Model Code. In regard to BS 8110 it is demonstrated that the Code generally gives a small scatter of the ratio of calculated and experimental strengths, although its method of defining the ratio of flexural reinforcement is inferior to that of CP 110. It is also shown that BS 8110 does not achieve the level of safety intended in the definition of characteristic strength. If the ddefinition of the ratio of reinforcement were improved, the intended level of safety could be attained by a 10% reduction in either the basic shear stress or the size factor ξS.