Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematics of the Anopheles barbirostris species complex (Diptera: Culicidae: Anophelinae) in Thailand

This study deals with five species of the Barbirostris Complex of Anopheles subgenus Anopheles that are known to occur in Thailand. Three new species of the complex, Anopheles dissidens sp. nov., Anopheles saeungae sp. nov., and Anopheles wejchoochotei sp. nov., are characterized and compared with Anopheles barbirostris van der Wulp and Anopheles campestris Reid based on specimens of molecularly identified progeny broods. For practical purposes, the five species are essentially isomorphic and can only be unequivocally identified from diagnostic mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA sequences. Based on overall morphological similarity, An. campestris is considered to be a member of the Barbirostris Complex rather than a separate member of the Barbirostris Subgroup. The molecular data, mitotic karyotypes, bionomics, and distributions of the species are reviewed and discussed. It is concluded that integrated molecular epidemiological studies of the complex throughout the Oriental Region are needed to unambiguously elucidate the individual species and their relation to disease. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London
Helicobacter Pylori: Physiology and Genetics

Preliminary Contents Epidemiology of H. pylori Infections (Hazel Mitchell and David Forman) Discovery of H. Pylori and Association with Peptic Ulcer Disease (Barry Marshall and Robin Warren) Bacteriology Basic Bacteriology and Culture of H. pylori (Lief Anderson and Torkel Wadstrom) Taxonomy (Jay Solnick and Armelle Marais) Morphology and Ultrastructure (Gunther Bode and Jani O'Rourke) Cell Envelope (Paul O'Toole and M. Clyne) LPS (Anthony Moran) Vacuolating Cytotoxin (Johan Atherton, Tim Cover, and Antonello Covacci) Adhesins (Thomas Boren) Energy Metabolism and Synthetic Pathways Microaerobic Physiology (Nicky Hughes, David Kelly, and Robert Poole) Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds (Hilde de Reuse and Stefan Skaloubris) TCA Cycle and Synthesis of Fatty Acids (Nicky Hughes and David Kelly) Nucleotide Metabolism (George Mendz) Biosynthetic Pathways Related to Cell Structure and Function (Teruko Nakazawa and Suhas Phadnis) Resistance to Oxidative Stress (Stuart Hazell) Physiology and Molecular Biology Urease (Harry Mobley) Ion Transport and Metabolism (S. Bereswill and A. Van Vliet) Metabolite Transport (Brendan Burns and George Mendz) Cell Division (Teruko Nakazawa) Protein Secretion (Rino Rappuoli) Motility (Chemotaxis, and Flagella, Vincenzo Scarlato and Gunther Spohn) Transcription, Translation, Recombination, and Repair (Mark Forsyth) Chromosome Replication (Johannes G. Kusters and Leon Smeets) Restriction and Modification Systems (Richard Peek) Acid Tolerance (George Sachs and Klaus Melchers) Genetics Genomics (Richard Alm) Genetic Exchange (Dawn Israel) Gene Regulation (Nicolette de Vries and Johannes G. Kusters) Mutagenesis of H. pylori (Rainer Haas and Agnes Labigne) Pathogenicity Islands and Insertion Sequences (Antonello Covacci) Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics (Mark Achtman and Sebastian Suerbaum) Heterogeneity and Subtyping (Robert Owen, J. L. van Doorn, Diane Taylor, and Ge Wang) Bacterial Virulence and Pathogenic Mechanisms Colonization and Adherence (David McGee, Traci Testerman, and Harry Mobley) Avoidance of Immune Response (Ben Appelmelk) Vaccines (John Nedrud, Steve Czinn, and Jack Pappo) Pathogenesis in the Host, Diagnosis, and Treatment Pathology of Gastritis and Peptic Ulceration (Mike Dixon) Host Inflammation Response to Helicobacter Infection (Peter Ernst) H. pylori and Gastric Cancer (Masahiro Asaka) Markers of H. pylori Infections (David Graham) Antibiotic Susceptibility and Resistance, Francis Megraud, Stuart Hazell, and Y. Glupczynski) Other Helicobacter Species Non-gastric Helicobacters (David Schauer) Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms (Adrian Lee and M. Stolte) Animal Models of Helicobacter Infection (Richard Ferrero and Jim Fox)
Design and Application of a New Automated Fluidic Visceral Stimulation Device for Human fMRI Studies of Interoception

Mapping the brain centers that mediate the sensory-perceptual processing of visceral afferent signals arising from the body (i.e., interoception) is useful both for characterizing normal brain activity and for understanding clinical disorders related to abnormal processing of visceral sensation. Here, we report a novel closed-system, electrohydrostatically driven master–slave device that was designed and constructed for delivering controlled fluidic stimulations of visceral organs and inner cavities of the human body within the confines of a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The design concept and performance of the device in the MRI environment are described. In addition, the device was applied during a functional MRI (fMRI) investigation of visceral stimulation related to detrusor distention in two representative subjects to verify its feasibility in humans. System evaluation tests demonstrate that the device is MR-compatible with negligible impact on imaging quality [static signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss <2.5% and temporal SNR loss <3.5%], and has an accuracy of 99.68% for flow rate and 99.27% for volume delivery. A precise synchronization of the stimulus delivery with fMRI slice acquisition was achieved by programming the proposed device to detect the 5 V transistor–transistor logic (TTL) trigger signals generated by the MRI scanner. The fMRI data analysis using the general linear model analysis with the standard hemodynamic response function showed increased activations in the network of brain regions that included the insula, anterior and mid-cingulate and lateral prefrontal cortices, and thalamus in response to increased distension pressure on viscera. The translation from manually operated devices to an MR-compatible and MR-synchronized device under automatic control represents a useful innovation for clinical neuroimaging studies of human interoception.
The effects of farming practices on earthworm dynamics in olive groves of central Greece

Abstract We compared species richness, species composition, density and biomass of earthworm communities in organically and conventionally managed olive groves in central Greece. Earthworm biomass and density was significantly higher (p<0.05) in organic olive groves than in conventional olive groves. The highest species richness was recorded in the organic olive groves. Six species were recorded in total: Octodrilus complanatus, O. croaticus, Dendrobaena byblica, D. veneta, Aporrectodea caliginosa, and Microscolex phosphoreus. Only four of these were found in conventional olive groves, where D. veneta and M. phosphoreus were absent. The most abundant species were O. complanatus, D. veneta, and D. byblica.
Α Natural History of Domesticated Mammals

Preface and acknowledgements Introduction 1. The meat supply of hunter-gatherers Section I. Animal Partners: 2. The process of domestication 3. Selective breeding and the definition of a breed 4. Dogs 5. The origins of domestic livestock - why bother to farm? 6. Sheep and goats 7. Cattle 8. Pigs 9. Horses 10. Asses, mules and hinnies Section II. Exploited Captives: 11. Cats 12. Elephants 13. Camels and llamas 14. Reindeer 15. Asiatic cattle, excluding the zebu Section III. Small Mammals: 16. The rabbit and the ferret 17. Rodents and carnivores exploited for food and fur Section IV. Experimental Domestication and Ranching, Past and Present: 18. The cheetah, aquatic mammals, deer and bovids Conclusions - The geography of domestication Appendix I. Nomenclature of the domestic mammals Appendix II. Climatic sequences and archaeological divisions of the Quaternary period References and further reading Index.
Melanoma, the role of basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in the aggressive behaviour and chemotherapy response

Background: 1F6 human melanoma xenografts overexpressing either the 18 kD (18kD) form or all (ALL) forms of human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) demonstrate an abundant number of microvessels and accelerated growth. We now examined whether bFGF mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Methods: Quantitative RT‐PCR was used to determine bFGF and VEGF mRNA, VEGF protein secretion was measured by ELISA and VEGF promoter activation was assessed by a dual luciferase activity assay. Western blot was carried out to detect phosphorylation of bFGF‐ regulated target proteins. Results: In 1F6‐18kD and 1F6‐ALL clones VEGF mRNA was increased 4‐ to 5‐fold and VEGF protein secretion was highly stimulated due to activation of the VEGF promotor. PI‐3K, p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways were activated, while inhibition of PI‐3K or p38 resulted in, respectively, 55% and up to 70% reduction of VEGF mRNA overexpression. A concurrent 60% decrease in VEGF protein secretion was mostly apparent upon inhibition of PI‐3K. Inhibition of ERK1/2 hardly affected VEGF mRNA or protein secretion. Two unselected human melanoma cell lines with high metastatic potential contained high bFGF and VEGF, while three non‐ or sporadically metastatic cell lines displayed low bFGF and VEGF. Conclusion: These data indicate that stimulation of VEGF protein secretion in response to bFGF overexpression may contribute to increased vascularization and enhanced aggressiveness in melanoma.
The Influence of Social Support on Entrepreneurial Inclination among Business Students in Indonesia

The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of social support on student’s inclination toward entrepreneurship. It also aims to test whether gender can moderate the relationship between SS and entrepreneurial intention among business students in Indonesia. Quantitative analysis was conducted using SPSS version 22. This study conveniently distributed 1,230 self-administrated questionnaires to the business students at public and private universities in Indonesia. This data collection process yielded back with 381 usable responses that were used in the statistical analysis for assessing the relationship between SS and EI as well asthe difference between male and female students in terms of entrepreneurial intention.This study reveals that, there is a positive relationship between social support system and student’s inclination toward entrepreneurship and there is a difference between male and female students in terms of entrepreneurial intention.
Polygynous colonies of Solenopsis geminata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands.

DOWNES, W. J., AND G. A. DAHLEM. 1987. Keys to the evolution of Diptera: role of Homoptera. Environ Entomol. 16: 847-854. HENDERSON G. , AND R. L. JEANNE. 1989. Response of aphid tending ants to a repellent produced by wasps. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 82: 516-519. HUNT, J. H. , R. L. JEANNE, I BAKER, AND D. E. GROGAN. 1987. Nutrient dynamics of a swarm-founding social wasp species, Polybia occidentalis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Ethology 75: 291-305. LAAKE, E. W. , D. C. PARMAN, F. C. BISHOPP, AND R. C. ROARK. 1931. The chemotropic responses of the house fly, the green-bottle flies, and the black blowfly. U.S.D.A. Tech. Bull No. 270. 11 p. NELSON, J. M. 1968. Parasites and symbionts of nests of Polistes wasps. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 61: 1528-1539. POST, D. C. , AND R. L. JEANNE. 1981. Colony defense against ants by Polistes fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Wisconsin. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 54: 599-615. POST, D. C. , M. A. MOHAMED, H. C. COPPEL, AND R. L. JEANNE. 1984. Identification of ant repellent allomone produced by social wasp Polistesfuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). J. Chem. Ecol. 10: 1799-1807. STRASSMANN, J. E. 1979. Honey caches help female paper wasps (Polistes annular-is) survive Texas winters. Science 204: 207-209.
Experiments in molecular genetics

Molecular Genetics (Biology): An Overview | Sciencing Experiments in Molecular Genetics Experiments in molecular genetics (1972 edition) | Open . Experimental Molecular Genetics | Biology | MIT OpenCourseWare DNA experiments you can perform at home | SBS Science Experiments in molecular genetics Jeffrey H. Miller . DNA and Molecular Genetics Experiments in Molecular Biology: Biochemical Applications . Molecular Genetics Biology Experiment Please help . Molecular genetics | biology | Britannica Molecular Genetic Experiment : Biology Lab 1793 Words . Miller, J.H. (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics . Griffith's experiment Wikipedia DNA as genetic material: Revisiting classic experiments . Experiments in molecular genetics (Book, 1972) [WorldCat.org] Measuring βGalactosidase Activity in Bacteria: Cell . Classic Experiments in
Regulation of Micrornas by 17β-Estradiol in the Aging Female Brain

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact ecommons@luc.edu. and support without which I would not be where I am today. I would also like to thank my dissertation committee members: Dr. for their critiques, support, and guidance through my years at Loyola. Thank you to the past and present members of the Pak lab for creating an environment where it is a joy to come to work even when things are not going your way. I am very grateful for the friendships that I have and for the amazing memories that I will never forget. Finally I would like to thank my family, especially my wife Georgina Giffin-Rao for her love and support through my graduate career.
Analysis of infection epidemiological distemper virus, dogs in the municipality of Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil.

A cinomose e causada por um Morbilivirus e tem distribuicao mundial, sendo o cao o principal reservatorio para o virus. A transmissao ocorre atraves de aerossois sendo que este pode ser excretado no fim da fase aguda. Trata-se de uma doenca sem predilecao por raca, idade ou sexo, no entanto a literatura cita que filhotes sao mais acometidos. No estudo realizado foram analisadas amostras de soro de caes domiciliados, nos bairros do municipio de Garanhuns sendo os bairros escolhidos a Boa Vista, Cohab 1, Cohab 2, Magano e Centro, durante o periodo de agosto a dezembro de 2012. Foram coletadas amostras de caes com idade superior a tres meses, nao vacinados contra a cinomose. Para elaboracao dos mapas de distribuicao geografica dos animais foram coletadas coordenadas em cada casa visita para a coleta. Das amostras analisadas, 90,38% foram positivas, sendo que 28,72% apresentaram concentracao alta de anticorpos, 47,88% concentracao media e 23,40% concentracao baixa. Ao analisar a distribuicao por bairros observou-se uma maior prevalencia da infeccao nos bairros Cohab 2 com 100,00% e Cohab 1 com 96,00%; Boa Vista com 93,10%; Magano com 78,26%; Centro com 50,00%. Neste estudo nao foi identificada nenhuma variavel associada a infeccao referente ao sexo, pois foram acometidos tanto machos quanto femeas e 100,0% dos animais, incluindo positivos e negativos, nao eram castrados. Foi evidenciado que 75,0% dos animais nunca tinham sido levados ao veterinario, e destes, 94,8% foram positivos, fato este que pode estar relacionado a maior soropositividade nestes animais. Os resultados obtidos nesse estudo mostram que o virus da cinomose canina encontra-se disseminado na populacao canina de Garanhuns, Pernambuco, destaca-se a importância de estudos epidemiologicos para a caracterizacao da real situacao da infeccao por este virus nas populacoes caninas, com o intuito de reduzir os prejuizos a saude animal provocados pelo agente.
Managing Relational Contracts

Relational contracts are typically modeled as being between a principal and an agent, such as a firm owner and a supplier. Yet, in a variety of organizations, relationships are overseen by an intermediary such as a manager. Such arrangements open the door for collusion between the manager and the agent. This paper develops a theory of such managed relational contracts. We show that managed relational contracts differ from principal-agent ones in important ways. First, kickbacks from the agent can help solve the manager’s commitment problem. When commitment is difficult, this can result in higher agent effort than the principal could incentivize directly. Second, making relationships more valuable enables more collusion and hence can reduce effort. We also analyze the principal’s delegation problem and show that she may or may not benefit from entrusting the relationship to a manager.
Phénotype nicotinique des souris dépourvues du transporteur de la dopamine ou de la protéine STOP : modèles d'étude de symptômes psychiatriques

La grande prevalence de fumeurs chez les patients souffrant d'hyperactivite avec trouble de l'attention (ADHD) et les schizophrenes suggere que cet abus de tabac constitue une forme d'auto-medication. Le but de ma these fut de caracteriser le phenotype nicotinique de deux modeles animaux presentant des phenotypes associes a certains symptomes de la schizophrenie et/ou de l'ADHD : les souris invalidees pour le gene du transporteur de la dopamine (DAT KO) et les souris invalidees pour le gene de la proteine STOP (Stable Tubule Only Polypeptide ; STOP KO). Mon travail a notamment montre une hypersensibilite des souris DAT KO a l'effet locomoteur calmant de la nicotine, un role pro-cognitif de la nicotine et/ou d'agonistes nicotiniques α7 sur les deficits d'apprentissages des souris DAT KO et STOP KO et une absence de tolerance a ces effets chez les souris DAT KO. L'utilisation d'agonistes nicotiniques pourrait reduire les risques lies au fort tabagisme des patients ADHD et schizophrenes.
Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the nest-site selection of Loggerhead Turtles, Caretta caretta, on Dalaman-Sarıgerme beach in South-west Turkey

Abstract The nesting activities of Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta Stejneger, 1902) and anthropogenic factors affecting them were monitored over 7 years (2002–2008) on Dalaman-Sarıgerme beach, one of the main nesting grounds in Turkey. Out of the 2620 nesting emergences recorded during the entire study period, only 645 (24.6%) resulted in successful nesting, giving an annual mean number of nests of 92. The collective number of eggs in these nests numbered 50239, with 40079 (79.8%) of them producing hatchlings. Out of the total number of eggs laid, 8128 (16.2%) resulted in dead embryos and 2032 (4.0%) in unfertilized eggs. The mean incubation period averaged 49 days (range 40–67 days) and the mean clutch size was 79.0 (range 18–150 eggs). Turtle nests were more concentrated on the undeveloped parts of the beach than on developed parts. In the other sections, few emergences occurred and either no or few nests were recorded. In Section I, which contained hotels and water sports facilities, only a few non-nesting emergences were observed. Of the number of nests that were observed, 32% were laid in Section II, which contained recently built hotels, 60% were in Section III and 8% were in Section IV, the undeveloped portion containing beach rocks. There is very clear evidence that the Loggerhead Turtles are shifting their nesting sites to the undisturbed sites along the beach. The negative factors that seem to be affecting them include water sports, hotel lights and beach rocks. In order to protect sea turtles, there needs to be a better understanding of how effective beach protection can be established.
Ligand Binding to Integrin αIIbβ3 Is Dependent on a MIDAS-like Domain in the β3 Subunit*

Substitution of β3 residue Asp119, Ser121, or Ser123 results in a loss of the ligand binding function of integrin αIIbβ3. Homologous residues in other integrin β subunits are similarly critical for ligand binding function. This DXSXS motif is also present in the I domain of certain integrin α subunits, where it constitutes a portion of the unique metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS). In this report, we have utilized the crystal structure of the recombinant αM I domain to produce a three-dimensional model of the homologous region in the integrin β3 subunit. We performed mutagenesis of candidate amino acid residues predicted from this model to be involved in cation coordination and ligand binding. We report the identification of Asp217 and Glu220 as residues essential for the ligand binding function of αIIbβ3. Alanine substitution of these residues did not affect receptor expression but abolished the binding of activation-dependent (PAC1) and -independent (OPG2) ligand mimetic antibodies. In our proposed model, β3 Asp217 is analogous to a metal-coordinating residue in the αM MIDAS domain, while Glu220 does not correspond to a functional MIDAS domain residue. Substitution of the highly conserved β3 residue Thr197 corresponding to a critical MIDAS metal-coordinating Thr residue did not affect ligand binding function, suggesting that this region of β3 adopts a structure that is very similar to but not identical to that of the MIDAS domain. These data support a functional linkage between these two sequences and further define a common feature of ligand binding to integrins.
Horticultural Therapy Programs in Britain and the United States1

A general review of the literature from Great Britain and the United States indicates that the use of horticulture for therapy is not new (3). Why horticulture was and still is unusually popular as a therapeutic medium is not clear; articles from the paraprofessional journals claim the therapeutic benefit is due to an inherent relationship between people and plants, although little assessment of this claim is discussed. However, horticultural therapy has achieved a degree of “professional status” through the establishment of courses at the graduate and undergraduate levels, and by the National Council for Therapy and Rehabilitation Through Horticulture (NCTRH), based on the education and/or expertise of the horticultural therapist (Grades HTT, HTR, HTM), which was recognized by the United States Civil Service. The recent literature has mentioned interest and on-going projects from 5 main groups: the long-term caring institutions, volunteer groups, agencies for horticultural therapy, various universities, and centers of horticultural activity such as arboreta. The NCTRH has been largely responsible for coordinating information through newsletters sent to some 400 members and organizations.
Production of Methane from Anaerobic Fermentation of Marine Macro-algae

Methane was produced from the anaerobic digestion of marine macro-algae. Elemental analysis was first performed to estimate the theoretical methane production of three macro-algae (Undaria pinnatifida, Laminaria japonica, Hizikia fusiformis). Three algae were found to contain C 34 ~ 36%, H 5%, O 37 ~ 43%, N 2 ~ 4%, S 0.4 ~ 0.7%, and ash 14~21%, and the theoretical methane content was in the range of 56 ~ 60%, which can produce 442 ~ 568 mL per g of volatile solid (VS). Using the biological methane potential (BMP) test, we found that L. japonica resulted in the highest yield of methane (52%). Moreover, various operational conditions, such as algae amount, pH, salinity, particle size, and pre-treatment, were investigated in order to find an optimal condition of anaerobic digestion. At pH 8.0, the autoclaved L. japonica (5g VS/200 mL), when used without washing salt, produced 268.5 mL/g VS which is 65% of the theoretical methane productions. Furthermore, using a CSTR (with the working volume of 7 L out of the total volume of 10 L), we have successfully operated the reactor for 65 days and obtained maximum methane production rate of 1.4 L/day with purity of 70%.