Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food safety considerations in integrated organic crop–livestock systems: prevalence of Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 in organically raised cattle and organic feed

Abstract Availability of organic foods has been increasing in the United States due to consumer demand for food produced with a lower environmental footprint. Surveys show that organic consumers view organic food as safer and of higher quality, but a number of food-borne outbreaks have been linked to organic produce in recent years. This outcome suggests that improved food safety protocols are needed to ensure food safety along organic food chains. In this study, model integrated crop–livestock organic systems were established in three states (Iowa, Minnesota and Pennsylvania) to evaluate biological performance and food safety aspects. Organically raised cattle and their feed/forage, feces, hide and meat were examined for the presence of two pathogens, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. Results confirmed that E. coli O157:H7 was not isolated on any hide or meat samples. Across all sites, the prevalence rate for E. coli O157:H7 on feed/forage and fecal matter was 9.43 and 7.26%, respectively. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 1.89, 3.33 and 18.6% of feed, fecal and hide samples, respectively. Salmonella spp. was not detected on any meat samples. While Salmonella spp. rates on hides were greater than those in feed and fecal samples, the prevalence rate of both pathogens on cattle hides was lower than in previous studies. The use of an organic fly repellent containing essential oils in this study would need to be investigated further to determine any correlation between its use and lower pathogen rates on hides. Feed/forage was more likely to test positive for E. coli O157:H7 from June through August, indicating the importance of strict sanitary measures to prevent feed contamination during summer months. These results suggest that careful adherence to food safety management strategies can help reduce the risk of bacterial contamination in integrated crop–livestock systems.
Symptoms and Prevalence of Constipation among Adult Population of Riyadh City: An Internet Based Survey

Background: Constipation is commonly encountered in clinical practice. The global population is witnessing a rapid increase in its occurrence. Objectives: Since there is paucity of data in Saudi Arabia, there is a need to assess its prevalence in Saudi population. This study was performed as a pilot to determine the symptoms and prevalence of constipation among adult population of Riyadh city. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire based cross sectional survey was done through twitter among Riyadh based accounts. The study was conducted among 388 adults older than 20 years, between November 2016 and January 2017. For the diagnosis of constipation three criteria were used; self-perception, Rome III and Bristol’s criteria. Results: Our study showed that the prevalence of constipation in general population is 43%, 60% and 25% according to the three criteria, respectively. Females tend to have greater prevalence than males though not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis showed low dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, middle age (40-49years), and strained defecation significantly associated with constipation. As per Bristol’s criteria the most common stool form was Type 3 (sausage shaped with cracked surface). Conclusion: These findings suggest high prevalence of constipation among Saudi population. A wider margin of variation in rates by the three criteria is obtained. Limitation: This twitter based survey may only be considered as a pilot study and is non-representative of general population.
Response of macroscopic nonlocal correlation detector to a phase transition

Macroscopic entanglement represents itself in nonlocal correlation of the entropy productions of classically insulated dissipative processes. Nonlocal correlation detector is a device including some, well protected from any local impacts, spontaneous dissipative probe-process, the entropy variation in which is related with a measurable variable (signal). Experimentally convenient example of the source-process is a phase transition. The experiment on measuring of response of electrode macroscopic correlation detector to the process of liquid nitrogen evaporation has been carried out. The signal extremum is reached much later than the end of evaporation. The detector response begins at once as the evaporation beginning, while classical local temperature impact has retardation equal to 1.5 hours. The form of response is essentially asymmetric, with long relaxation time.
Microstructural Observations of “Single Crystal” Positive Electrode Materials Before and After Long Term Cycling by Cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy

Single crystal LiNi0.5Mn0. 3Co0.2O2 (SC532), LiNi0.6Mn0. 2Co0.2O2 (SC622) and LiNi0.8Mn0. 1Co0.1O2 (SC811) electrodes were retrieved from heavily cycled commercial-grade pouch cells at 4.3 V for cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images indicated the single crystals showed very little microcracking, thought by many researchers to be one of the main reasons for cell degradation when polycrystalline materials are used. SEM images of electrodes from heavily cycled cells were compared to those from fresh cells which showed little visual difference. Parallel microcracks within very few single crystal particles were observed for both fresh and heavily cycled materials and are thought to be caused during the electrode calendaring process. It is believed by the authors that single crystal materials are highly promising positive electrode materials for high energy density and long cycle life lithium-ion cells.
Professional Perceptions of Final Year Hospitality Degree Students studying in Hospitality colleges in Pune

There is huge development in Hospitality and Tourism sector of India. To cater to Indian Hospitality sector there has been many Universities and NCHMCT affiliated institutions opening its doors in last few years . Many new colleges Even Pune city has seen tremendous increase in need of hospitality graduates and have opened or increased seats of hospitality colleges. To full fill humongous need of hospitality industry many universities are producing hospitality graduates who are ready to cater these needs allover India as well. If all these fresh graduates after passing out have to join hospitality industry and make successful careers, it is imperative to comprehend the final year hospitality degree students’ perception just before they graduate and start their future careers in the hospitality industry. The goal of this study was to explore the career sensitivity of last year hospitality students towards the hospitality business. This study centers on sample of 60 final year students following a hospitality degree from university in Pune City ,India. It helps to investigate their views on hospitality jobs. For this survey questionnaire method is used. The outcome specifies that the students inclination to join hotel industry after completion was on top of the choices , few students wanted to pursue further education. Many students have put forth their opinion about long and poor working conditions , Internship experience and adverse opinions about the hospitality careers in this research.
More about strategies to improve the quality of joint reflection based on the theory-practice relationship during practicum seminars

ABSTRACT The present study focuses on students’ reflection during practicum seminars. The practicum is the ideal setting for reflection. Three levels of reflection have been identified. The second and third, which address the theory-practice relationship, guarantee quality in reflection. This relationship has been researched through participation patterns and tutor assistance. In this paper, we try to clarify which strategies elicit a higher quality of joint reflection. To this end, a case study was performed in the context of the Practicum III course (30 ECTS credits), taken in the fourth and final year of a bachelor’s degree program in Primary Education. 2 tutors and 10 student teachers (all women) participated in the study. The student teachers jointly analyzed several real situations that occurred during their practicum. The seminars were recorded, transcribed and coded for subsequent interactivity and content analysis. Five situations were analyzed. At the second level of reflection, the theory-practice relationship emerged during the interpretative pattern when the tutor gave assistance that facilitated a theoretical framework and academic knowledge to the student teachers, who were attempting to understand and/or solve the dilemmas of the situation under consideration. These interactions were able to mitigate the power of the ‘apprenticeship of observation’.
Poverty Effects of Minimum Wage Increase in Nigeria

This paper examined the influence of Minimum wage (MW) increase on poverty level of households whose heads were in formal employment and the spillover effect on those in informal employment. It assessed distribution of real per capita household expenditure (PCPHE) and real monthly wage of workers in the two sectors. Fuzzy set approach was used to estimate multidimensional poverty (MDP) index of the population which served as poverty line and the poverty rate of households which was utilized as regressand in Instrumental Variable (IV) regression, with real monthly wage as key regressor. The study also estimated MW coverage and percentage of low-wage earners in poor and non-poor households. The results showed that PCPHE did not reflect wage gains observed after MW increase in the sectors but there was slight reduction in poverty level. Formal sector workers were poorer than those in informal sector and poverty worsened for public sector employees after MW increase compared to employees in private sector. The implication of the result is that MW should not be the sole redistributive policy in the formal sector and its increase should only form part of a comprehensive national economic development strategy. Keywords: Employment, fuzzy set, instrumental variable, minimum wage, multidimensional poverty. DOI : 10.7176/DCS/9-11-03 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
Effect of Irrigation Numbers and Plant Density on Growth, Yield of Garlic Cultivar Eggaseed -1

Two field trials were carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at the Experimental Farm of Sids Horticulture Research Station, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of both irrigation frequency, i.e., irrigation once every 14 days (the plant received 10 irrigations),21days (the plant received 7 irrigations) and 28 days (the plant received 5 irrigations) and plant density. The cloves number was 30 cloves/ m2 (D1) in low plant density 45 (D2) and 60 cloves/ m2 (D3) in the higher plant density was used Egaseed-1 garlic cultivar. The obtained results indicated that effect of irrigation numbers and plant densities were significantly affected all vegetative growth parameters (plant height,, leave numbers, vegetative growth weight and bulbing ratio) and all bulb quality parameters (bulb dry matter %, clove weight (g), bulb fresh weight (g) and cured bulb diameter (cm) of Eggaseed-1garlic cultivar where the highest values of various vegetative growth and bulb quality parameters were recorded with plants that received 10 irrigations addition to low plant population (30 cloves / m2). The highest marketable yield were recorded when plants received 10 irrigations in addition to low populations 30 cloves /m2. However, the lowest values of all yield parameters were recorded when plants received 5 irrigations in addition to high population 60 plants/m2. in both seasons. Irrigation plants every 28 days with high population (60 plants/m2) significantly decreased weight loss % after two, four and six months under storage in both seasons.
Automatic Classification of Pro-Eating Disorder Twitter Accounts with Personality as a Feature

A person or a group of people who considers eating disorders as a lifestyle, instead of a deadly mental disease, is called pro-eating disorder (abbreviated pro-ED). Eating disorders are the number one most deadly group of mental disorders and since the introduction of the internet, large online pro-ED communities have sprung forth. These communities share content focusing on eating disorder maintenance, inspiration, and motivation. Viewing this kind of content has been proven to be damaging, resulting in lower self-esteem and the desire to eat less. Multiple microblogging services such as Tumblr, Instagram and Pinterest have taken measures to limit the amount of pro-ED content. Twitter has not taken any measures, as of writing this thesis, which means that a lot of pro-ED related content is available on the site. The goal of this thesis was to improve automatic classification of pro-ED Twitter accounts, by using the Big 5 personality model to calculate personality traits and add them to the list of features. A total of four datasets were accumulated, where two of the datasets ended up being used to train a Big 5 personality detection model and one was used to train a pro-ED classification model. The last dataset was found to significantly reduce the performance of the personality detection model, and was therefore discarded. The two datasets used to train the personality detection model were combined together and contained 2 636 Twitter accounts and essays. 169 of these were Twitter accounts, and the remaining 2 467 were essays. These accounts and essays were all labeled with Big 5 personality trait scores. The dataset used for the pro-ED classification model contained 6 824 Twitter accounts which were annotated as either pro-ED, pro-recovery, or unrelated. After testing a number of features and machine learning algorithms, a new, state-of-theart pro-ED classification model was created. This model takes the predictions from the personality detection model as a feature, in combination with unigrams, bigrams, and topic models. The algorithm used for creating the personality detection model was the Support Vector Regression algorithm and Global Vectors was used as the only feature. Both Support Vector Machine and Multilayer Perceptron were tested as the pro-ED classification algorithm. The best F1 score was 0.99 and was achieved with the Multilayer Perceptron algorithm with the personality feature included in the feature set.
Bionano Interactions: A Key to Mechanistic Understanding of Nanoparticle Toxicity

Title Bionano Interactions: A Key to Mechanistic Understanding of Nanoparticle Toxicity Authors(s) Lobaskin, Vladimir; Power, David; Lopez, Hender; Poggio, Stefano Publication date 2019-12-31 Publication information Puzyn T. , Gajewicz A. (eds.). Computational Nanotoxicology Challenges and Perspectives Publisher Jenny Stanford Link to online version https://www.routledge. com/Computational-Nanotoxicology-Challenges-and-Perspectives/Gajewicz-Puzyn/p/book/9789814800648 Item record/more information http://hdl.handle. net/10197/11420
Will Consumers Pay More for Efficient Delivery? An Empirical Study of What Affects E-Customers’ Satisfaction and Willingness to Pay on Online Shopping in Bangladesh

The delivery of products to the end consumer has been widely considered in the e-commerce sector as new challenges to reach customers and provide them with timely and efficient delivery have surfaced. Less focus has been given to information about delivery efficiency that impacts online shoppers’ relations with e-retailers. This study’s research model builds on the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT-2) by adding the critical e-commerce variables of delivery efficiency, cost-saving efficiency, and online purchase experience (shopping satisfaction and subsequent willingness to pay). The conceptual model was tested, and samples were collected using an online survey hosted on Google Forms using e-mail in Bangladesh. The findings show that consumers’ willingness to pay is enhanced by satisfaction with online shopping and delivery efficiency. The study also contributes insights into how cost-saving efficiency affects online customer satisfaction and the intention to repurchase. Also, by applying hierarchical regression analysis, this study contributes to understanding how e-retailers can provide a functional online experience for customers. Finally, our findings offer guidelines to e-retailers regarding increasing shopping satisfaction, the intention to repurchase, and the willingness to pay more.
A study of the diagnosis, treatment and epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus in patients with cystic fibrosis

Members of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) are a highly antibiotic-resistant complex of organisms within the genus Mycobacterium, increasingly acknowledged as a significant cause of lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Current methods of isolation of MABSC are hindered by the fact that they grow at a slower rate in culture than other microorganisms with many patient samples having to be discarded due to the overgrowth of more rapidly growing species. Decontamination of samples has shown to have an adverse effect upon the viability of MABSC, therefore improvements in the isolation of MABSC are urgently required in order to offer the possibility of a more rapid and accurate diagnosis. A novel medium (RGM) was developed for the isolation of MABSC. Commercially available pre-poured media were compared with RGM and challenged with isolates of rapidly growing mycobacteria and other species. In addition, in a multi-centre study sputum samples collected from patients with CF were inoculated onto RGM medium, BCSA and standard automated liquid culture method and assessed for growth. RGM demonstrated superior sensitivity over currently used methods without any requirement for decontamination and could easily be incorporated into any laboratory alongside routine culture for other CF pathogens. Chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates were investigated for the possibility of differentiating between subspecies within the MABSC complex. However, the results established that these would not provide any additional benefit to RGM. Possible environmental sources were explored in order to establish how patients with CF were acquiring MABSC. Although person-to-person transmission has been suggested, there are very few reports to substantiate this at present and many questions remain unanswered. In this study, MABSC was not isolated from any of the environments screened. Finally, a selection of antimicrobials were investigated against MABSC with the purpose of ascertaining susceptibility and whether any may be used for a more successful treatment outcome. There were no clinically applicable results therefore further work is required in this area. To conclude, RGM is a novel culture medium, which can be embedded alongside routine culture for other CF pathogens without any requirement for decontamination. This means that all respiratory samples submitted from patients with CF can be conveniently cultured for NTM, considerably improving the service offered to clinicians and patients. Furthermore, it is likely that formal AFB culture methods could be replaced by use of such a medium, potentially enabling substantial savings in terms of materials and labour time.
Teacher preparation for urban teaching: a multiple case study of three primary teacher education programmes

ABSTRACT Teacher educators wonder how to prepare student teachers for urban teaching. Beginning teachers in urban environments experience multiple challenges, such as responding appropriately to language differences and cultural diversity. This study aims to provide insight into how Dutch teachers are prepared for teaching in urban schools. A multiple case study, including qualitative analysis of curriculum documents and interviews with programme directors, teacher educators, and students (N = 18) from three primary teacher education programmes, showed that several aspects of urban teaching, such as considering social and ethnic differences between children and (in)equality, were not addressed, or only to a limited degree. The programmes prepared teachers for urban teaching in different ways, including (compulsory) internships at urban schools or special assignments around urban themes. Internships had particularly high value for students, programme directors, and teacher educators. Results of the study can be used to develop adequate preparation for beginning urban teachers.
Human taenia solium cysticercosis in the district of Angonia, Mozambique : prevalence rates and clinical aspects

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 4 LIST OF FIGURES . 7 LIST OF TABLES . 8 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS . 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 10 DEDICATION . 12 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION . 13 CHAPTER TWO THE CURRENT STATUS OF HUMAN CYSTICERCOSIS IN THE WORLD . 19 CHAPTER THREE TAENIA SOLIUM / CYSTICERCOSIS / NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS . 24 3.1. TAENIA SOLIUM AND CYSTICERCUS CELLULOSAE . 24 3.1.1. MORPHOLOGY OF T. SOLIUM . 25 3.1.2. REPRODUCTION OF T. SOLIUM . 26 3.1.3. INTERMEDIATE HOST . 28 3.1.4. TYPES OF CYSTICERCI . 28 3.1.5. TRANSMISSION OF T. SOLIUM . 29 3.1. 6. IMMUNE RESPONSES TO THE CYSTICERCI . 30 3.2. TAENIA SOLIUM LIFE CYCLE . 31 3.3. NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS . 33 3.4. POPULATION AT RISK . 35 3.5. DIAGNOSIS OF CYSTICERCOSIS / NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS . 39 3.5.1. CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS . 39 3.5.1.1. SEIZURES . 39 3.5.1.2. SYMPTOMS DUE TO SPACE-OCCUPYING LESION . 40 3.5.1.3. HEADACHE . 40 3.5.1.4. HYDROCEPHALUS . 40 3.5.1.5. CHRONIC MENINGITIS . 41 3.5.2. SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS . 41 3.5.2.1. ANTIBODY DETECTION METHODS . 41 3.5.2.2. ANTIGEN DETECTION METHODS . 42 3.5.2.3. SERUM ANTIBODY AND ANTIGEN DETECTION IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF NCC PATIENTS . 43 3.5.3. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC FINDINGS . 44 3.5.4. NEUROIMAGING DIAGNOSIS . 44 3.6 MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF CYSTICERCOSIS . 47 3.7 PROGNOSIS . 52 3.8 CONTROL OF TAENIA SOLIUM . 53 3.9 RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY . 58 3.10 OBJECTIVE . 59 3.10. 1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE . 59 3.10. 2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE . 59 © University of Pretoria Human Taenia Solium Cysticercosis in the District of Angonia, Mozambique Page 5 of 137 CHAPTER FOUR . 60 METHODOLOGY . 60 4.1 STUDY AREA AND POPULATION . 60 4.2 STUDY DESIGN . 63 4.3 SAMPLING AND SAMPLE SIZE CALCULATION . 63 4.4 METHODS . 64 4.4.1 INTERVIEWS . 64 4.4.2 INSPECTIONS OF SITES . 64 4.4.3 CLINICAL EXAMINATION . 64 4.4.4 BLOOD SAMPLING . 64 4.4.5 ANALYSIS OF SPECIMENS . 65 4.4.6 NEUROIMAGING AND ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY . 66 4.4. 7 DEFINITION OF EPILEPSY . 66 4.4. 8 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS . 67 4.5 DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS . 68 4.6 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS . 68 CHAPTER FIVE RESULTS . 70 5.1. SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS . 70 5.2. DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION INFORMATION . 71 5.3. PORK CONSUMPTION AND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION . 72 5.4. HUMAN CYSTICERCOSIS / TAENIOSIS INFORMATION . 73 5.4.1. KNOWLEDGE OF CONDITION . 73 5.4.2. CLINICAL SYMPTOMS . 74 5.4.3. CLINICAL SIGNS . 74 5.5. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF EPILEPSY IN THE STUDY AREA . 74 5.6. SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CYSTICERCOSIS . 78 5.7. HISTORY OF EPILEPSY AND POSITIVE SEROLOGY . 79 5.8. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND SEROLOGY . 80 5.9. RISK FACTORS FOR NCC . 81 5.10. SEROPOSITIVITY, BRAIN CT SCAN AND EEG EXAM . 82 5.11. EEG RESULTS . 88 CHAPTER SIX DISCUSSION . 91 6.1. SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS . 92 6.2. DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION INFORMATION . 93 6.3. PORK CONSUMPTION AND PORK MANAGEMENT . 95 6.4. HUMAN NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS \ TAENIOSIS . 97 © University of Pretoria Huma