Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“We’ve Got This”: Middle-Aged and Older Couples’ Satisfying Relationships and We-Talk Promote Better Physiological, Relational, and Emotional Responses to Conflict

ABSTRACT Objective Conflict poses multiple relational and health risks. Dyadic stress theories suggest satisfaction and communication alter cardiovascular and autonomic function, key pathways from troubled relationships to poor health. However, “we-talk,” a positive communication pattern, can strengthen relationships and promote health. We examined how each spouse’s satisfaction and we-talk were related to conflict’s physiological, relational, and emotional toll. Methods Married couples (n = 107 couples, 214 individuals, ages 40–87 years) who were mostly White, highly educated, and higher-income Americans in different-gender relationships engaged in 20-minute conflict discussions while wearing monitors to assess heart rate variability (HRV). Spouses rated their closeness immediately after conflict and their conflict rumination 2 hours later. Conflict transcriptions measured we-talk, or the proportion of first-person plural pronouns (we, us, our). Results Satisfied spouses or those in mutually satisfying relationships had higher HRV during conflict (b = 0.0001, p = .049), felt closer immediately after conflict (b = 0.07, p < .001), and ruminated less about the conflict 2 hours later (b = −0.26, p = .026). Spouses’ HRV was highest (b = 0.0002, p = .002) and rumination was lowest (b = −0.49, p = .019) when they or their partners were satisfied and used we-talk more often. Women’s HRV (b = 0.0001, p = .035) and rumination (b = −0.01, p = .02) benefited when both spouses were satisfied, as did closeness when women were satisfied (b = 0.10, p < .001). Men’s closeness benefited when they (b = 0.04, p = .003) or their wives (b = 0.04, p = .002) were satisfied. Conclusions The combination of mutually satisfying relationships and we-talk was associated with better relational and health outcomes after conflict. These findings are important for middle-aged and older couples whose relationships are central to their health.
Complete Blood Count as an Indicator of COVID-19 Disease Severity

Background: SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. One of the main pathogenic features of this virus is unpredictable clinical sequence rapidly progressing to lethal complications. Identification of clinical and laboratory prognostic factors for severe COVID-19 may contribute to the management of follow-up and treatment modalities of the disease. Complete blood count (CBC) is a fast and inexpensive laboratory test which provides a wealth of information on individual health status. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the CBC test parameters in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on 147 patients with COVID-19 and 95 healthy subjects as the control group. Based on the severity of COVID-19, the patients were divided into 4 groups including mild, moderate, severe and deceased. Complete blood count parameters were recorded in all groups and obtained data were analyzed using the chi-square test at the significance level of P < 0.05 (SPSS, version 23). Results: The severity of the disease increased with age and men were more likely to die from disease complications. Most CBC parameters were found to be significantly increased in patients. Significantly increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were the most relevant predictors of severe disease and death. The only CBC parameter that was not associated with the disease was basophil count. Conclusions: The CBC, especially in terms of the neutrophil and lymphocyte parameters is a simple and accurate test that can be used to predict the severity of the COVID-19 disease.
Global hybrid simulation of mode conversion at the dayside magnetopause

Mode conversion at the magnetopause has been suggested to lead to the generation of kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) and effective mass transport from the solar wind into the magnetosphere. To investigate the mode conversion process in the dynamic dayside system, a 3‒D global hybrid simulation associated with a quasi‒parallel shock under a radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is carried out, in which the foreshock compressional pulses are self‒consistently generated by the interaction between the solar wind and the geomagnetic field. The results show that as the compressional pulses propagate from the magnetosheath to the magnetopause, short‒wavelength structures of k⊥ρi∼0.5–1 with enhanced parallel electric field E∥ are excited in the subsolar magnetopause boundary layer (MPBL), where k⊥≃kx is the perpendicular waves number nearly along the GSE x direction, and ρi is the ion Larmor radius. The wave‒phase relationship between the magnetic field and the density changes from in‒phase in the magnetosheath to antiphase in the short‒wavelength MPBL perturbations. The wave polarization is predominantly compressive in the magnetosheath, whereas strong transverse wave powers appear abruptly around the MPBL. The mode conversion from the compressional pulses to KAWs is identified around the predicted Alfvén resonance surface in the MPBL. As these KAWs evolve, KAW modes dominated by azimuthal wave number with kyρi∼1 are also generated. The KAWs in the MPBL are identified by the sharp increases in E∥ and the electromagnetic field polarization relations of Alfvén mode, as well as a spectral analysis. The KAW perturbations propagate poleward into the cusps along the MPBL. Due to the differential flow convection speeds at various latitudes, the KAW packets expand along the north‒south direction, while they may also merge with newly‒formed KAWs due to newly‒arrived compressional waves.
A Comparative Evaluation of Anesthetic Effectiveness of 4% Articaine vs 0.5% Bupivacaine for Lower Molar Tooth Extraction

Background:Safe and efficient pain control is essential for today's dental practice. This randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of 0.5% bupivacaine with 4% articaine in lower molar tooth extraction. Methods:One hundred subjects were classified into two groups, with 50 samples for each. Group A participants were managed with 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine and group B participants with 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine for mandibular first and second molar extraction. Criteria such as onset and duration of anesthesia, pain throughout the procedure, pain during injection, and pain after the procedure were evaluated. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) and heart rate (per minute)were evaluated for all participants. Results: There was a faster onset (53.2 vs 83.1 s) and lesser duration of action (216.6 vs 298.4 min) with articaine (group B) compared to bupivacaine (group A). Thirty-eight (76.0%) participants in group A and 44 (88.0%) participants in group B did not require re-anesthesia, whereas 12 (24%) participants in group A and six (12%) participants in group B required one-time re-anesthesia and it was insignificant. Conclusion:Articaine has a faster onset but a relatively lower duration of action and requires statistically insignificant but lower re-anesthesia. As a result, articaine anesthesia can be efficiently recommended in oral surgical techniques.
Blanketing Sporadic‐E Layer Occurrences Over Santa Maria, a Transition Station From Low to Middle Latitude in the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA)

Digisonde data obtained from July 2019 to June 2020 are used to study the overall occurrences of the blanketing types (Esf, Esl, Esh, Esc) of the sporadic layers (Esb) over Santa Maria, a transition station from low to middle latitude in the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA). The results show that the average occurrence of the Esb layers is 54%, being maximum in summer (66%), followed by spring (63%), autumn (55%), and winter (40%). Except during the winter, the Esf is the predominant type, while the Esc generally presents the lower occurrence. In general, the top (ftEs) and the blanketing (fbEs) frequencies range from 3 to 4 MHz between 100 and 110 km, with more pronounced values during daytime compared to nighttime. A comparison between the Esb occurrences between Santa Maria and stations outside the SAMA shows a great reduction in Santa Maria. It is caused by the low intensity of the geomagnetic field, which affects the layer formation process controlled by the ion dynamics. The performance of the E‐Region Ionospheric Model (MIRE), which use the tidal wind components provided by the Global Scale Wave Model as input, is analyzed in simulating the fbEs parameter and compared with measurements. The discrepancies between the modeled and measured fbEs are reduced when the meridional/zonal wind components are adjusted by some factor. This comparison contributes to our understanding of the role of the tidal winds over Santa Maria, a transition station from low to middle latitude in Brazil.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF STUDENTS SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY ABOUT THE IMPACT OF TOOTH LOSS

Introduction, loss of teeth can cause problems with mastication, speech, aesthetics, social activities, inhibit work performance, and daily activities. Causes of tooth loss include trauma, caries, periodontal disease, infection, orthodontic treatment, and knowledge. Knowledge can influence a person & attitude.Therefore, this study aimed in cross-sectionally assessing the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of Syiah Kuala University students’ batch 2018 about the impact of tooth loss. Methods, cross-sectional study design was used in this study, involving 384 subjects, with cluster sampling technique. The results showed knowledge about the impact of tooth loss was 80.1% and attitudes about the impact of tooth loss were 79.5%. The correlation coefficient shows a positive correlation value between the knowledge and attitude variables which shows a significant level (p & lt; 0.01). Conclusion, there is a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of Syiah Kuala University students batch the 2018 about the impact of tooth loss.
Level set‐based shape optimization approach for the inverse optical tomography problem

We consider the inverse problem of recovering piecewise scattering and piecewise absorption jump sets from boundary measurements and from a single measurement of the absorbed energy. We propose a reconstruction method based on a shape optimization approach combined with the level set techniques. Our main result includes the partial shape derivatives of two different shape functionals, using differentiability properties of the min‐sup combined with a function space parameterization technique. In particular, it reveals the expression of the distributed partial shape derivative in tensor form. Based on the computed distributed partial shape derivatives, we introduce and implement a numerical approach based on the gradient approach and level set method. We present several numerical experiments to show the efficiency of the method both for exact reconstruction data and for realistic data with noise.
Evolution of the velocity distribution in galactic disks

This paper presents a numerical investigation of the evolution of the three-dimensional velocity distribution and of the vertical density distribution in galactic disks. The physical mechanism is the scattering of stars off giant molecular clouds (GMCs) which heat up the stellar populations. A population of GMCs is embedded in the fixed potential of a constant scale height exponential disk and a nearly isothermal halo. The stars orbit in the fixed axisymmetric potential and are scattered by the GMCs which are modeled as soft particles. The equations of motion are integrated directly. Initially, the three velocity dispersions each grow as sigma(t)proportional(1+(t/tau))/sup 0.38/. Asymptotically the velocity dispersions in the plane grow as the quarter power of time while the vertical dispersion grows as sigma/sub z/(t)proportionalt/sup 0.31/. The velocity ellipsoid grows slowly rounder with time. Typically it has an axial ratio of about 0.6. The functional form and growth rate for the velocity dispersions are in fairly good agreement with published theoretical predictions based on the Fokker-Planck equation. The numerical growth rates are sufficient to explain the velocity dispersions of young stellar populations in the solar neighborhood. It is, however, necessary to postulate higher masses or larger numbers of GMCs at earlier timesmore » in order to explain the velocity dispersion of the hottest disk populations. The velocity distribution is vertically isothermal and Gaussian. The vertical density distribution is also Gaussian. « less
Reliability Evaluation of High Power AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on SiC Substrate

Undoped AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on SiC substrates have recently demonstrated record output power density of 10.7 W/mm (cw) and total output power of 10 W at 10 GHz (L. F. EASTMAN, Joint ONR/MURI Review (5/15-16, 2001), CA (USA) [1]). In this paper, we present the results of reliability tests performed on undoped AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on SiC under dc and rf stress conditions. Undoped AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on SiC substrates have been submitted to on-wafer dc and rf stress conditions at a room temperature and the degradation in device performance induced by hot electron and thermal effects have been observed.
The HIV Testing Trends and Outcomes at a Johannesburg Trauma ICU unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: South Africa, a country afflicted by numerous socio-political factors impacting healthcare, carries the highest burden of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide(1-6). These same factors contribute to the high burden of trauma in the country from interpersonal and accidental injury. Patients may benefit from knowing their HIV status for holistic treatment. Despite this, testing, offered through provider-initiated HIV counselling, is non-routine. This study aims to assess HIV testing trends, prevalence, and outcome of patients tested in a Trauma critical care unit. Methods: A retrospective review of patient admission records at a Johannesburg Trauma ICU from 01 Jan 2017 until 31 December 2018. Demographics, mechanism, severity of injury, HIV status (positive, negative, or unknown), sepsis-related complications and mortality were included for all patients. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 15 for continuous and categorical variables. P-value of 0,05 was considered significant. Ethics approval number: M190543. ClinicalTrials NCT05484947 Results: Of the 722 individuals, 48% had penetrating trauma, with 218 individuals (30%) sustaining gunshot wounds. Voluntary HIV testing was done in 194 (24.9%); 30% of whom tested positive and 70% negative. The length of stay in HIV-negative patients (24.1 days) was less than those who tested positive (28.9), despite similar RTS, ISS and NISS levels. Septic complication rates were similar. Overall mortality was 10.73%, with no statistical difference between the HIV positive and HIV negative groups. The ISS, NISS, and RTS were worse in those that died in hospital. Conclusion: Nearly one in five volunteered for HIV testing in our setting. Mortality was associated with worse RTS, ISS, NISS, and the need for Damage Control Surgery, and was not directly related to the HIV status in those tested. Routine HIV testing should be encouraged.
Three dimensional development and asymmetry of the corpus callosum in the 0–18 age group: A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study

Most of the corpus callosum (CC) developmental studies are concerned with its two‐dimensional structure. Linear and area measurements do not directly assess the CC size but estimate the overall structure from the cross‐sectional image. This study investigated age‐ and sex‐related changes in volumetric development and asymmetry of CC from birth to 18. For this retrospective study, we selected 696 patients (329 [47.27%] females) with both 3D‐T1‐weighted sequence and normal radiological anatomy from patients 0–18 years of age who had brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between 2012 and 2020. The genu, body, splenium, and total volume of CC were calculated using MRICloud. The measurement results of 23 age groups were analyzed with SPSS (ver.28). Total CC volume was 18740.76 ± 4314.06 mm3 between 0 and 18 years of age, and its ratio to total brain volume (TBV) was 1.70% ± 0.23%. We observed that the total CC volume has six developmental periods 0 years, 1, 2–4, 5–9, 10–16, and 17–18 years. Genu and body grew in five developmental periods, while splenium in seven. There was intermittent sexual dimorphism in the CC volume in the first 4 years of life (p < 0.05). However, sex factor was insignificant in CC ratio to TBV. Total CC was right lateralized on average 1.81% (ranging −0.59% to 4.52%). Genu was 8.70% lateralized to the right, the body was 2.99% to the left, and the splenium was 1.41% to the right. The three‐dimensional development of CC agreed with the two‐dimensional developmental data of CC except for some differences.
Observational probability method to assess ensemble precipitation forecasts

It is common practice when assessing the skill of either deterministic or ensemble forecasts to consider the observations with no uncertainty. Observation uncertainty may be associated with different causes and the present paper discusses the uncertainty that derives from the mismatch between model‐generated grid point precipitation and locally measured precipitation values. There have been many attempts to add uncertainty to the verification process; in the present paper the uncertainty is derived from the observed precipitation distribution within grid boxes of assigned resolution. The Brier skill score (BSS) and the area under relative operating characteristic curve skill score calculated utilizing the verification method which includes observational uncertainty (O‐OP), are compared to analogous scores obtained from standard verification methods. The scores are calculated for two different forecasting systems: the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Ensemble Prediction System and the Spanish Meteorological Agency Short‐Range Ensemble Prediction System.
COMPUTATION OF BEARING CAPACITY FACTOR Nγ-PRANDTL'S MECHANISM

ABSTRACT In this paper, an analysis based on Prandtl's failure mechanism is proposed for the evaluation of bearing capacity factor, Nγ, using the limit equilibrium approach, coupled with Kotter's equation. Except for shape of the failure surface, no other assumptions are needed in the analysis. A methodology based on Kotter's equation and force equilibrium conditions is developed to identify the correct location of pole of the log spiral and hence the unique failure surface. Using moment equilibrium condition, the point of application of passive thrust is determined. The proposed Nγ values are compared with other available theoretical predictions and experimental results. They show a good agreement with some existing theoretical results and also show a better agreement with available experimental results. The analysis shows that pole of the log spiral lies at the footing edge for general shear failure conditions and the point of application of the passive thrust is strongly influenced by angle of soil internal friction.
A Study on Relationship Between Crypto Currency, Commodity and Foreign Exchange Rate

Bitcoin is one of the crypto currencies which is increasingly popular as a digital currency. Bitcoin is a digital asset that can be accepted by global modern society nowadays. Bitcoin can be used in online transactions either for the purchase of goods or services. This study aims to find out the significant relationship between Bitcoin, gold, crude oil, and USD. In addition, this study also examines the causal relationship that exists between Bitcoin with each variable, whether bitcoin affects the variable or independent variable affects bitcoin. The data used is secondary data obtained from historical data in investing.com starting from September 2015 until September 2020. This data was analyzed using Regression and Correlation, Unit Root Test and Pairwise Granger Causality to see the relationship and influence between variables. The results show that there is a significant relationship between bitcoin, gold, and crude oil. While there is an insignificant relationship with the USD. The study also shows that there is a positive correlation impact between Bitcoin, gold, and crude oil. There is a negative correlation impact between Bitcoin and the USD. That is, when there is an increase in gold and crude oil, it will also increase the Bitcoin. As for the USD currency, if the USD increases, Bitcoin will decrease and vice versa. Based on the analysis of granger causality shows that gold, crude oil, and USD do not cause Bitcoin, but Bitcoin, gold and crude oil cause the USD.
Wind Speeds at Heights Crucial for Wind Energy: Measurements and Verification of Forecasts

AbstractWind speed measurements from one year from meteorological towers and wind turbines at heights between 20 and 250 m for various European sites are analyzed and are compared with operational short-term forecasts of the global ECMWF model. The measurement sites encompass a variety of terrain: offshore, coastal, flat, hilly, and mountainous regions, with low and high vegetation and also urban influences. The strongly differing site characteristics modulate the relative contribution of synoptic-scale and smaller-scale forcing to local wind conditions and thus the performance of the NWP model. The goal of this study was to determine the best-verifying model wind among various standard wind outputs and interpolation methods as well as to reveal its skill relative to the different site characteristics. Highest skill is reached by wind from a neighboring model level, as well as by linearly interpolated wind from neighboring model levels, whereas the frequently applied 10-m wind logarithmically extrapolated.
The bisexual Galton-Watson process with promiscuous mating: extinction probabilities in the supercritical case

We consider the bisexual Galton–Watson process (BGWP) with promiscuous mating, that is, a branching process which behaves like an ordinary Galton–Watson process as long as at least one male is produced in each generation. For the case of Poissonian reproduction, it was pointed out by Daley, Hull and Taylor that the extinction probability of such a BGWP apparently behaves like a constant times the respective probability of its asexual counterpart (where males do not matter) providing the number of ancestors grows to infinity. They further mentioned that they had no theoretical justification for this phenomenon. In the present article we will prove upper and lower bounds for the ratio between the two extinction probabilities and introduce a recursive algorithm that can easily be implemented on a computer to produce very accurate approximations for that ratio. The final section contains a number of numerical results that have been obtained by use of this algorithm.
COLLABORATIVE WRITING AS A MEANS IN DEVELOPING EFL LEARNERS’ WRITING PERFORMANCE

Collaborative learning is a way that prepares students practically for real-world applications. Working together as teamwork to execute various writing skills is essential in most professions since it increases the level of experience. Thus, the current study aims to identify the role collaborative writing in developing students' level of performance in writing. It is qualitative in nature since the researcher depended on the extant literature in achieving the objective of the study. The researcher touched upon related theories that addressed Collaborative learning, categories, and problems . It concluded that collaborative writing increases the students’ self-confidence, self-esteem, creativity, and motivation through the interaction among students over task completion. It enables the provision of feedback between students, which enhances their vocabulary, offers them ideas, and improves their learning. Writing in groups improves students’ writing in the aspect of grammatical accuracy and vocabulary. Finally, the study came out with a number of recommendations.