Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Etiological Profile of Acute Undifferentiated Fever With Thrombocytopenia in an Emergency Department

Introduction: Acute undifferentiated fever with thrombocytopenia is a common and challenging clinical presentation encountered in the emergency departments of tertiary care centers, particularly in tropical regions, often requiring prompt evaluation and management. The study aimed to explore the clinical and etiological profile of acute undifferentiated fever with thrombocytopenia in the Emergency Department of Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna. It investigates factors associated with patient outcomes and compares platelet transfusion requirements among different etiological groups. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 350 patients with acute undifferentiated fever with thrombocytopenia were analyzed for one year from October '21 to September '22. Pre-existing chronic infectious diseases, liver cirrhosis, and autoimmune conditions were excluded. Results: Thrombocytopenia was observed in all patients, with 65% having platelet counts below 50,000/µL. Associations were found between the degree of thrombocytopenia and organ dysfunction, shock, and third space loss. Logistic regression analysis identified thrombocytopenia, organ dysfunction, and platelet transfusion requirement as significant predictors of the overall outcome. Etiological group comparisons revealed higher platelet transfusion requirements in the bacterial group. Conclusion: Prompt recognition and management of thrombocytopenia in acute undifferentiated fever are vital. Thrombocytopenia, along with organ dysfunction and shock, significantly influence patient outcomes. Tailored interventions based on etiological factors are crucial. Further research should focus on specific viral aetiologies in acute undifferentiated fever with thrombocytopenia.
Influence of organic nutrient sources on quality of rice.

Field experiments were conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu during rabi season of 2007 and 2008 to study the effect of organic sources of nutrients (enriched FYM compost, vermicompost, FYM + neem cake, enriched FYM compost + vermicompost + FYM, composted poultry manure and enriched poultry manure compost) and recommended NPK fertilizers and absolute control on rice quality parameters. Physical characteristics measured were milling quality and grain size as well as cooking qualities. Sensory evaluation was done using nine point hedonic scale. The results revealed that application of recommended NPK fertilizers recorded higher physical characteristics and cooking qualities of rice, which was comparable with enriched poultry manure compost. Higher sensory score was registered in enriched poultry manure compost as compared to recommended NPK through fertilizers.
A review: CRISPR/Cas12-mediated genome editing in fungal cells: advancements, mechanisms, and future directions in plant-fungal pathology

The CRISPR-associated protein system (CRISPR/Cas), characterized by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, has revolutionized life science research by providing vast possibilities for altering specific DNA or RNA sequences in various organisms. The present system integrates fragments of exogenous DNA, known as spacers, into CRISPR cassettes. These cassettes are subsequently transcribed into CRISPR arrays, which are further processed to generate guide RNA (gRNA). The CRISPR arrays are genetic loci that are responsible for encoding Cas proteins. The Cas proteins are responsible for supplying the necessary enzymatic machinery to acquire new spacers that are aimed at invading elements. The development of novel genome engineering tools has been made possible by utilizing various Cas proteins, including but not limited to Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14, which possess programmable sequence specificity. The emergence of Cas variants has spurred genetic research and advanced the utilization of the CRISPR/Cas tool to manipulate and edit nucleic acid sequences within a wide range of living organisms. This review aims to furnish operational modalities of the Cas12 protein identified thus far. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of Cas12 protein are examined, along with their recent implementations in the plant fungal world.
Parametric effects on the evaluation of threshold chromaticity differences using red printed samples.

Results from different authors showed deviations of radial orientation in the a*-b* plane (tilt) for the major axes of chromaticity-discrimination ellipses centered around the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) red color center [Color Res. Appl.3, 149 (1978)CREADU0361-2317], which are not considered by most of the current advanced color-difference formulas (e.g., CIEDE2000). We performed a visual experiment using red printed samples in order to test the influence of the separation between samples (gap) on the mentioned tilt. Our results confirm a counterclockwise tilt of fitted a*-b* ellipses with a magnitude of approximately 36° for samples with no separation, which is similar to that detected by other authors, and a reduction of the mentioned tilt owing to the separation of the samples. We detected a tilt of approximately 22° for samples with a black gap of 0.5 mm and a tilt of approximately 25° for samples with a white gap of 3 mm. Notably, the uncertainty of previous values given by the corresponding credibility intervals of 95% posterior probability is approximately ±8° of the mean values. Finally, we study the performance of the most widely used color-difference formulas in the graphic arts sector using our current experimental results, and conclude that the performance of the CAM02-SCD and CAM02-UCS color-difference formulas is significantly better than that of the CIEDE2000 formula.
Design of a sign chart using a new EWMA statistic

Abstract In this article, a new non parametric control chart based on the modified or controlled exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) statistic is developed to monitor the process deviation from the target value. The proposed control chart is evaluated for different values of design parameters using the average run length as a performance criterion under various sample sizes. The proposed chart is compared with the existing non parametric EWMA sign control chart. It is observed that the proposed chart is better than the existing EWMA sign control chart in terms of run length characteristics. An empirical example is provided for the practical implementation of the proposed chart.
‘They gave me an opportunity, and I took it’: motivations and concerns of adult apprentices

In the UK context of an ageing population, degree apprentice-ships represent a new opportunity to study for a degree while working. Apprentices are full-time employees granted time to study for a degree with a significant workplace learning component. The aim of this study was to focus on whether degree apprenticeships are working for adult apprentices (aged 26 and up in this context). New apprentices ( n = 162) in six universities in Scotland, UK were surveyed to gain a better understanding of background, prior work and study experience, motivations and expectations. Results show that adult appren-tices join apprenticeship programmes with significant work experience and workplace metaskills, together with a consolidated sense of self as a professional. Adult appren-tices aimed to gain a degree while remaining in work, thus increasing skills in situ . The main barrier identified was the challenge of achieving work-study-life balance. The findings can be used to more closely align apprenticeship provision with adult apprentices’ skills needs while reducing barriers to accessing and succeeding in apprenticeships. We make recommendations for more flexibility in terms of advanced entry and Masters-level apprenticeships, with better recognition of prior experience, motivations and anticipated challenges.
An assessment of temporal habitat availability in a gravel-bed river using a Lidar-derived CFD model.

Riffle-pool sequences in gravel-bed rivers provide the template for a number of fish and invertebrate habitats. Water flowing over these morphologies creates spatial hydraulic variations over a rivers flow regime that are logistically impossible to measure in the field. This paper utilises the FLUENT Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to construct a 0.2 m DEM for a 180 m reach of Kingsdale Beck, UK. CFD modelling allows spatial estimation of flow hydraulics for flows up to bankfull. With increasing discharge, complex patterns of hydraulic variation are revealed that exist within larger macroscale flow structures. During elevated flows these could act as biotic refugia. The spatial distribution and areal extent of habitat refugia for two commonly occurring macroinvertebrate species: Gammarus pulex (Amphipoda, Crustacea) and Ephemerella ignita (Ephemeroptera, Insecta), are explored for three discharges from baseflow up to bankfull. Temporal modelling permitted mapping of these refugia across the flow regime.
Zinc Ions Implantation on the Surface of Commercial Papers for Antibacterial and Antifungal Applications

Recently, the demand for novel food-packaging materials with antimicrobial properties has been increasing drastically. In this report, we attempt to implant zinc ions on the surface of commercial paper sheets by using a hydrothermal method to create hydrozincite nanoflake structures. The formation of the hydrozincite nanostructure was attributed to the adsorption of zinc-ion on the calcite’s surface, a common filler used in commercial paper sheets. The zinc-modified paper sheet (PZn) demonstrated a high efficiency to inhibit C. albicans and E. coli growth. It is attributed to the release of the Zn2+ ions into the acidic microbial medium. Along with the eco-friendliness, and biocompatible properties of the paper substrate, the PZn demonstrated a promising application in food packing.
Theoretical Study of Gilbert Damping Constants in Magnetic Multilayer Films

A theory is presented, describing Gilbert damping of a ferromagnetic layer by treating the outflow of the spin angular momentum to lattice and nonmagnetic systems on the same footing. The Mori formalism is applied to the entire system, including at the interface between different bulk (or film) systems. The Gilbert damping constant is determined from both Kamersky’s spin-orbit-related torque correlation (TC) term and the hopping-related TC term. In addition, we confirm that the hopping-related TC term corresponds to conventional Gilbert damping enhanced by spin pumping.
The Effects of Airflow on the Mechanosensitive Channels of Escherichia coli MG1655 and the Impact of Survival Mechanisms Triggered

Highlights What are the main findings? Aerosolization and ventilation air velocity affect antibiotic resistance of E. coli strains; Bacteria respond to ventilated environments through mechanosensitive ion channels triggered by aerosolization; What is the implication of the main finding? Critical infrastructures require real-time knowledge about their environment for microbiome source tracking; Clinical indoor spaces where bacterial infections are treated can result in potential exposure to bioaerosols. Abstract Understanding how bacteria respond to ventilated environments is a crucial concept, especially when considering accurate airflow modeling and detection limits. To properly design facilities for aseptic conditions, we must minimize the parameters for pathogenic bacteria to thrive. Identifying how pathogenic bacteria continue to survive, particularly due to their multi-drug resistance characteristics, is necessary for designing sterile environments and minimizing pathogen exposure. A conserved characteristic among bacterial organisms is their ability to maintain intracellular homeostasis for survival and growth in hostile environments. Mechanosensitive (MS) channels are one of the characteristics that guide this phenomenon. Interestingly, during extreme stress, bacteria will forgo favorable homeostasis to execute fast-acting survival strategies. Physiological sensors, such as MS channels, that trigger this survival mechanism are not clearly understood, leaving a gap in how bacteria translate physical stress to an intracellular response. In this paper, we study the role of mechanosensitive ion channels that are potentially triggered by aerosolization. We hypothesize that change in antimicrobial uptake is affected by aerosolization stress. Bacteria regulate their defense mechanisms against antimicrobials, which leads to varying susceptibility. Based on this information we hypothesize that aerosolization stress affects the antimicrobial resistance defense mechanisms of Escherichia coli (E. coli). We analyzed the culturability of knockout E. coli strains with different numbers of mechanosensitive channels and compared antibiotic susceptibility under stressed and unstressed airflow conditions. As a result of this study, we can identify how the defensive mechanisms of resistant bacteria are triggered for their survival in built environments. By changing ventilation airflow velocity and observing the change in antibiotic responses, we show how pathogenic bacteria respond to ventilated environments via mechanosensitive ion channels.
Use of Ceftazidime-Avibactam for Suspected or Confirmed Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms in Children: A Retrospective Study

Background The incidence of carbapenem-resistant organism (CRO) infections is increasing in children. However, pediatric-specific treatment strategies present unique challenges. Ceftazidime/avibactam is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination, showing adequate efficiency against CRO isolates. However, clinical data on the efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam in children are still lacking. Methods This was a retrospective study of children (aged <18 years) infected with confirmed or suspected carbapenem-resistant pathogens and treated with ceftazidime-avibactam at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between 2020 and 2022. Results We identified 38 children aged 14 (5.0–16.3) years; 20 (52.6%) had hematologic malignancies. 25 children with confirmed CRO infections were administered ceftazidime-avibactam as targeted therapy. The median treatment was 10 (6.0–16.5) days. Among them, 24 had infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) (18 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and six carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli species) and one with carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The source of infection was the bloodstream in 60.0% of the cases (15/25). The clinical response rate was 84.0% (21/25), and 30-day mortality rate was 20% (5/25). 13 children were administered ceftazidime-avibactam as empiric therapy for suspected infections. The median treatment was 8 (6.0–13.0) days. No deaths occurred and clinical response was achieved in 12 of the 13 patients (92.3%) who empirically treated with ceftazidime-avibactam. Conclusion Ceftazidime-avibactam is important for improving survival, and clinical response in children with infections caused by CRO.
Study on Chemical Constituents of Styrax dasyanthus Perk

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the chemical components present in the ethyl acetate extract of Styrax dasyanthus leaves. Methods: Chemical components were isolated and purified using organic solvent decolorization, extraction, preparation of the liquid phase, silica gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure identification of the isolated compounds was based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and carbon spectrum matching analysis. Results: A total of six compounds were isolated from Styrax dasyanthus, which were identified as (-)-secoisolarciresinol (1), dibutylphthalate (2), dihydromyricetin (3), kaempferol-3-O-\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-rutinoside (3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone-3-rutinoside) (5), and (-)-secoisolariciresinol-4-O-\(\beta\)-D-glucopyranoside (6). Conclusion: This study represents the first isolation of these six compounds from Styrax dasyanthus.
Ion fluxes Involved in the Adaptation of the Estuarine Diatom Coscinodiscus centralis Ehrenberg to Salinity Stress

Although estuarine diatoms have a wide range of salt tolerance, they are often severely stressed by elevated salt concentrations. It remains poorly understood how estuarine diatoms maintain ionic homeostasis under high-salinity conditions. Using a scanning ion-selective electrode technique, this study determined the fluxes of H+, Na+, and K+ involved in the acclimatization of the estuarine diatom Coscinodiscus centralis Ehrenberg after an elevation in salinity from 15 psu to 35 psu. The C. centralis cells exhibited marked H+ effluxes after a transient treatment (TT, 30 min) and short-term treatment (ST, 24 h). However, a drastic shift of H+ efflux toward an influx was induced in the long-term treatment (LT, 10 days). The Na+ flux under TT, ST, and LT salinity conditions was found to accelerate the Na+ efflux. More pronounced effects were observed under the ST and LT salinity conditions compared to the TT salinity condition. The K+ influx showed a significant increase under the LT salinity condition. However, the salinity-induced Na+/H+ exchange in the estuarine diatom was inhibited by amiloride and sodium orthovanadate. These results indicate that the Na+ extrusion in salt-stressed cells is mainly the result of an active Na+/H+ antiport across the plasma membrane. The pattern of ion fluxes under the TT and ST salinity conditions were different from those under the LT salinity conditions, suggesting an incomplete regulation of the acclimation process in the estuarine diatom under short-term salinity stress.
“There is just more love in it”: a qualitative study of youth voice and relatedness in U.S. youth circus programs

ABSTRACT Recreational youth circus programs are a unique context for positive youth development. Anecdotal evidence suggests that young people feel heard in these programs, and research in other recreation settings shows that participation in decision making helps youth connect with others. The present study therefore examined how youth voice is supported at five youth circus programs across the United States through program observations and qualitative interviews with participants (N = 17, ages 12–18) and staff (N = 13). Thematic analysis revealed that both youth and staff felt their circus programs listen to youth members, although actual options for engagement varied. Furthermore, the love and acceptance of the circus community was omnipresent in the interviews; a feeling of belonging/relatedness even for individuals who felt excluded elsewhere. This study shows that youth circus can foster belonging and inclusion, and raises questions about the differences between perceived and actual opportunities for youth voice in recreation contexts.
Étude métallogénique des indices aurifères associés à la faille de Sainte-Florence, Matapédia, Gaspésie, Canada.

L'etude metallogenique porte sur les indices auriferes de Lepage et Fraser situes le long de la faille de Sainte-Florence en Gaspesie. Le type de mineralisation aux indices etudies est filonien et se presente sous forme de veines et de veinules de quartz, riches en sulfures des metaux de base et de l'arsenopyrite. Une analyse quantitative par spectrometrie de masse a source plasma sur l'arsenopyrite ainsi que les donnees geochimiques des veines mineralisees et des epontes suggerent que l'or a probablement co-precipite avec l'arsenopyrite. L'or natif n'a pas ete observe. La mineralisation est reliee a l'hydrothermalisme. D'apres l'analyse des inclusions fluides primaires dans la sphalerite et le quartz, la temperature d'homogeneisation est environ 200 °C tandis que la salinite varie entre 4.6 et 10.8 wt. % NaCI equiv. Parmi les sulfures, le premier a etre precipite est la sphalerite. La galene et la plupart de la chalcopyrite sont tardives par rapport a la sphalerite. L'or a probablement co-precipite avec l'arsenic dans l'arsenopyrite apres la periode principale de la precipitation des metaux de base. La mineralisation est principalement associee aux veines de quartz d'extension. Ces veines sont orientees NO-SE et ont un pendage oblique a subvertical. L'attitude de ces veines est compatible avec le mouvement dextre tardif le long de la faille de Sainte-Florence et s'accorde avec les contraintes reconnues dans le secteur etudie ainsi que regionalement en Gaspesie. Donc, nous proposons que la mineralisation aurifere est probablement syn- a post-tectonique et elle est associee au mouvement de decrochement dextre le long de la faille de Sainte-Florence durant l'Acadien.
Antimicrobial Peptide Conjugated on Graphene Oxide-Containing Sulfonated Polyetheretherketone Substrate for Effective Antibacterial Activities against Staphylococcus aureus

In the present study, the antimicrobial peptide nisin was successfully conjugated onto the surface of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK), which was decorated with graphene oxide (GO) to investigate its biofilm resistance and antibacterial properties. The PEEK was activated with sulfuric acid, resulting in a porous structure. The GO deposition fully covered the porous SPEEK specimen. The nisin conjugation was accomplished using the crosslinker 1–ethyl–3–(3–dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) through a dip-coating method. The surface micrographs of the SPEEK-GO-nisin sample indicated that nisin formed discrete islets on the flat GO surface, allowing both the GO and nisin to perform a bactericidal effect. The developed materials were tested for bactericidal efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The SPEEK-GO-nisin sample had the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 27 mm, which was larger than those of the SPEEK-nisin (19 mm) and SPEEK-GO (10 mm) samples. Conversely, no inhibitory zone was observed for the PEEK and SPEEK samples. The surface micrographs of the bacteria-loaded SPEEK-GO-nisin sample demonstrated no bacterial adhesion and no biofilm formation. The SPEEK-nisin and SPEEK-GO samples showed some bacterial attachment, whereas the pure PEEK and SPEEK samples had abundant bacterial colonies and thick biofilm formation. These results confirmed the good biofilm resistance and antibacterial efficacy of the SPEEK-GO-nisin sample, which is promising for implantable orthopedic applications.
Latest Research Advances in Paget's Disease of Bone

: Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a non-inflammatory, metabolic skeletal disease. It is characterized by excessive bone resorption and irregular bone reconstruction. Its onset is often associated with both genetic and environmental factors. PDB is characterized by a very distinct geographical distribution, being more common in Western countries and rarer in Asia. The most significant susceptibility gene at the moment is SQSTM1. The imbalance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts is the main mechanism of its pathogenesis. The pelvis, spine, skull, femur, and tibia are most commonly involved, with less involvement in the upper limbs, clavicle, ribs, and scapula. It is less common before the age of 40, is predominantly male, and has a positive correlation between age and incidence. Pain and bone deformities are common manifestations of PDB. The diagnosis of PDB depends on imaging and biochemical markers. For the detection of PDBs, radionuclide bone scan is a more accurate test. Bisphosphonates are currently the leading therapeutic agent, and it has been shown that intravenous zoledronate provides remission in most patients and can prevent disease progression. In recent years, the number of related cases in China has gradually increased. The article summarizes relevant literature and analyzes relevant progress in order to provide help in the diagnosis and treatment of PDB.