Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Neural NLP Models for Information Extraction from Accounting Documents

Natural Language Processing has reached a high importance in research and business applications. The state-of-the-art techniques are being used to automate tasks like extracting relevant entities from documents or translating texts from one language to another. This thesis focuses on the task of selecting models that have performed well on standard benchmarks for those tasks, and adapting them to a new and specialised problem: the labelling of entities in invoice documents. For this purpose, five state-of-the-art Neural Network models are presented, applied and evaluated. The results show that four out of the five selected models, based on recurrent and convolutional architectures, can be implemented successfully and perform similarly well on test documents with average F1 performance scores of 68-71% on word level and 67-69% on entity level. A detailed error analysis reveals that low data quality and suboptimal choice of labels due to the dataset’s origins are the main factors that influence the models’ performances. The thesis proposes a ranking of the five models with regards to their prediction performance as well as their cost and difficulty of implementation in order to answer the main research question. Possible improvements are proposed for future work, while the limitations of the project’s setting are explored and discussed. This project aims to contribute a different perspective to NER research by analysing and discussing errors and poor design choices in order to propose future improvements.
The Effect of Suspensions on Liquidity of the Chinese Stock Market

In this paper, I study the effect of suspensions on liquidity of stocks in the same industry or province in the Shanghai Stock Exchange A-share market from 1997 to 2017. I find that each additional suspended stock has a significant and positive effect on the bid-ask spread of non-suspended stocks in the same industry or province. Besides, suspensions lasting for a longer period of time have weaker impact on the liquidity of informationally and regionally related stocks than suspensions lasting for a short period. What’s more, suspensions caused by different reasons have different impact on liquidity of related stocks. For suspensions due to limit hit, they are significantly and negatively related to the spread of non-suspended stocks in the same industry or province. This is due to the fact that according to the regulation that stocks hitting price limits for several continuous days will be suspended what leads to higher predictability of this type of suspension. But suspensions caused by negative news and neutral news have a significant and positive impact on illiquidity of other non-suspended stocks in the same industry or province. Thereby suspensions caused by negative news have a larger impact on the liquidity of informationally and regionally related stocks than suspensions caused by neutral news.
Analysis of the Monetary Transmission Mechanism Channels in Indonesia and Effect in Regional Economics North Sumatera (A Projection with Stochastis Simulation-VAR Model)

This paper analyses the monetary transmission mechanism in Indonesia. Transmission channels can be classified into five sections, namely interest rate channel, assets price channel, exchange rate channel, credit channel and expectation channel. It tries to answer to the question: how is the behavior and effectiveness of the exchange rate and interest rate channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in influencing on the performance of the regional economics north Sumatera. Time series analysis such as unit root test, VAR, impulse response function and variance decomposition, are used to estimate the influence of exchange rate and interest rate on the real economic activity. The results of econometric analysis with VAR model suggest that monetary policy in Indonesia had a significant influence on the real economic activity through the interest rate and exchange rate channel. The results represent that interest rate and exchange rate channel are effective in influencing on the performance of the Regional Economic North Sumatera. Moreover findings indicate that interest rate and exchange rate have any influence on the real economy activity
Low Dose Monosodium Glutamate Induced Oxidative Damage and Histopathological Changes on the Renal of Male Rats

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavour enhancer commonly used in processed food to increase palatability. Several studies have reported that chronic exposure of MSG causes renal fibrosis via oxidative stress mechanism. However, till date, the effects of low dose of MSG on the oxidative stress status and its histopathological observation of renal are still unclear. A total of 18 male Sprague Dawley rats (170 – 200 g) were divided randomly into three groups consisted of the control (received distilled water = 1 ml/kg), MSG60 (received 60 mg/kg MSG) and MSG 120 (received 120 mg/kg MSG) groups. All of the substances were given via force-feed oral for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the study, all rats were sacrificed and the renal were isolated for biochemical and histological evaluation. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and protein carbonyl (PC) level showed significantly increased (p < 0.05) in MSG 60 and MSG 120 group compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was found in glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in all treated groups. The histology observation showed glomerulus shrinkage in MSG60 and MSG120 groups. In conclusion, these findings confirmed low dose of MSG-induced oxidative stress and histopathological changes on the renal of male Sprague-dawley rats. Accordingly, care must be taken on the intake of in our daily basis.
POWER OF GENETICS: ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF A SCALE FOR MEASURING BELIEF IN GENETIC DETERMINISM (BGD) WITH CLASSICAL TEST ANALYSIS AND RASCH ANALYSIS

This study presents the adaptation and validation of a scale for measuring the Belief in Genetic Determinism (BGD; Keller, 2005). BGD can be intended as the extent to which people believe that human beings and their behaviors are driven by the influence of genes. A translated BGD 18-item scale was administered to 448 Italian students from several Departments. Data were analyzed by means of both Classical Testing procedures (CT) and Rasch Analysis (RA). Results revealed a mono-factorial structure of the scale. CT allowed us to retain all items of the scale whereas RA imposed to remove four items. Both versions of the scale were analyzed for convergent and discriminant validity. Expectations were confirmed for both versions of the BGD scale. Results are discussed.
RUMINAL FERMINTATION, MILK PRODUCTION, MILK COMPOSITION AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FRIESIAN DAIRY COWS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SAFFLOWER OR SUNFLOWER SEEDS

A lactation study was conducted to assess productive and reproductive performance of Friesian dairy cows supplemented with raw safflower (R-SAF) or sunflower seeds (R-SUN) and identify its impact on ruminal fermentation, lactational performance, milk fatty acid (FA) profiles and reproductive performance. Fifteen primiparous and multiparous Friesian dairy cows were grouped according to predicted calving date, parity, body weight and previous milk yield for multiparous cows. Cows were randomly assigned equally to one of three treatments: (a) control, (b) R-SAF or (c) R-SUN for 90 days (treatment period, TP). The TP started at approximately 30 ± 5 days prior to their expected calving date and continued until 60 days after calving. Supplemental seeds were added at 3.36% and 3% of dietary DM during prepartum and postpartum periods, respectively. Feed intake was nearly similar among treatments in late gestation or early lactating periods. Digestibility of all nutrients of rations containing R-SAF or R-SUN were significantly (P<0.05) increased compared to control. The pH value and NH3-N concentration were significantly (P<0.05) decreased, while total volatile fatty acids (TVFA´s) concentration was increased significantly (P<0.05) with R-SAF or R-SUN groups compared to control. Serum total protein, albumin and Urea-N concentrations were increased significantly (P<0.05) by supplementation of safflower or sunflower seeds to the lactating cow's ration (R-SAF or R-SUN) compared to control. Globulin concentration was not affected by the fat supplementation. The AST and ALT activities were not affected significantly by the use of R-SAF or R-SUN rations compared to control. Feed conversion as DM, TDN and DCP/kg FCM improved of lactating cows fed R-SAF or R-SUN rations compared to control. Milk yield and its composition of lactating cows fed R-SAF or R-SUN rations were significantly (P<0.05) increased compared to control. Palmitic acid (C16:0) concentration in the milk fat was elevated by feeding the R-SAF or R-SUN rations compared to control. The same trend of C16:0 was obtained with C18:0, C18:1 ω 5, 7, 9, C18:2 ω 6, C20:0 and C20:4. Superior the reproductive performance of cows fed rations supplemented with R-SAF or R-SUN compared to non-treated ones. In conclusion, supplementing rations of Friesian dairy cows with R-SAF or R-SUN at 3% of dietary DM can be an effective strategy of fat supplementation to lactating dairy cows with positive effects on lactational performance, milk FA profiles and reproductive performance. In addition, functional quality of milk was enhanced by increased conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration and additional benefit to human health.
Critical Review on Role of Micronutrients in Prevention of Cancer in India

Carcinogenesis, in a recent years, is highly known to be linked with nutrition, particularly the micronutrients which play an important role as an antioxidant as well as an immunity-potentiating agent. Epidemiological studies with human cancer subjects, however, were very limited in India though people in India are exposed to different kind of carcinogens quite often. In this review, we analyzed and showed that Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Zinc have significant effect in lowering cancer risk.The vegetables and fruits that are rich in Vit C are broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, green and red peppers, spinach, cabbage, turnip greens, and other leafy greens, capsicyum, Lemon, oranges, etc. Food rich in Vitamin E are nuts, seeds, avocado, vegetable oils and wheat germ. Zinc, an important trace elements for growth can be found in meat, shellfish, legumes like chickpeas, lentils and beans, seeds, nuts, dairy, eggs and whole GrainsOur mission, as an educators and researchers, is to translate the scientific discovery of any health issue like cancer to a health-literate generation in college, family, and community. Coordinated collaboration between professionals in education and public health can better prepare our young people to be health literate and cancer-free.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, comparative clinical study of efficacy and safety of a biosimilar adalimumab with innovator product in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis on a stable dose of methotrexate

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity between the biosimilar adalimumab (AdaliRel) and the reference innovator product in moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients on stable dose of methotrexate (MTX). Methods: Patients with moderate-to-severe active RA (n = 106) on a stable dose of MTX were randomized to biosimilar adalimumab (AdaliRel) (study arm) or reference innovator adalimumab (reference arm) 40 mg every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was proportion of patients who achieve ACR20 response at week 16. The secondary endpoint was proportion of patients who achieve ACR50, ACR70, absolute values, and changes from baseline in the disease activity score 28 joint (DAS28), health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) at week 16 and week 24. Safety was assessed through adverse events (AEs) and laboratory evaluations up to week 34. Antidrug antibodies were assessed to determine immunogenicity. Results: Out of 106 randomized, 104 individuals were dosed in the study (one subject from each arm was dropped due to consent withdrawal). The number of patients achieving ACR20 response at week 16 was 90.48% in study arm and 90% in the reference arm. The number of patients ACR70 response at week 16 was 13.1% in the study arm and 15% in the reference arm. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment arms in terms of number of responders (P > 0.05). No difference also was observed in DAS28, HAQ-DI scores, RF, and CRP changes from baseline. There were no clinically meaningful differences in AEs. Immunogenicity profile at week 16 did not indicate any clinically significant concerns. Conclusion: Biosimilar adalimumab (AdaliRel) and the reference product showed comparable efficacy and safety in RA patients who were on stable dose of MTX.
Enhancingsustainable entrepreneurship behavior in indonesian smes: external drivers role

Many researchers agree about the important role of external drivers to sustainable entrepreneurship behavior and this paper has provided a deeper insight into the role of external drivers toward sustainable entrepreneurship behavior. This study's aim was to find out the role of external drivers such as government policy, economic incentives, customers, community surrounding, product and service offered, competitors, and also evaluate the contributions of each external driver toward sustainable entrepreneurship behavior. This research was conducted in South Kalimantan Indonesia sing sample as many as 242 SMEs. These sample were taken by purposive sampling technique using online questionnaire as an instrument. The data analysis technique is done by the Structural Equation Model to obtain a model that can be used to explain the role of external drivers toward sustainable entrepreneurship SME's behavior. The results of this study indicate that External drivers such as government policy, economic incentives, customers, community surrounding, product and services offered and competitors have a significant impact on SMEs entrepreneurship behavior. The findings of this research also provide insights for the contributions of customers and community surrounding as the dominant external driver than others to forming sustainable entrepreneurship behavior.
Female’s Infertility Rules of Ultrasound And Colour Duplex in Assessment of Pelvic Causes

Background: The causes of infertility are variable. This study critically evaluates the utility of ultrasound in the diagnosis of the female pelvic pathology. The diagnosis should be more accurate, cost effective, expeditious, reliable and as minimally invasive as possible. Methods: The data were collected from about 750 infertile women were investigated and chosen sample was 255 cases. All patients underwent two ultrasound examinations in the follicular phase (day 13 of the cycle). Endovaginal ultrasound was done in only 80 of our cases about 60 patients of them were normal and 20 of them were abnormal . 13 of them had ovarian causes and 7 had uterine causes. Endovaginal was superior to trans abdominal U/S Results: 119 cases represented U/S abnormalities and the rest were normal according to ultrasound. PCO demonstrated with (73.95%) of the. other factors represented in only (26.5%), which was subdivided into; uterine fibroid (10.92%), bicornuate and ovarian cystic (2.52%), endometriosis, thin endometrium and septate uterus are same percentage (1.68%), congenital small uterus and ovaries (4.20% ) , and PID (0.84%), Conclusion: Ultrasound is one of the non-invasive processes that provides similarly better anatomical and even better physiological data than traditional surgical procedures. The role of ultrasonographic technology, especially trans vaginal, SHG, Doppler and 3D ultrasonography, can improve the female pelvic assessment. Ultrasonographic procedures should be combined as an essential examination in the basic infertility examination.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INDONESIAN MONETARY POLICY

The existence of non-inclusive households significantly reduces the effect of the interest rate change policy on households inter-temporal consumption decisions. Further, financial inclusion is closely related to fintech. On the one hand, fintech helps overcome the financial inclusion problem because fintech manages to reach those who were previously inaccessible by banks. On the other hand, fintech will change the payment system structure in an economy that will eventually affect the effectiveness of monetary policy. Using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) with the observation period of 2009–2018, this study aims to analyze the effects of financial inclusion and fintech on effectiveness of the Indonesian monetary policy within the framework of the transmission mechanism of monetary policy through interest rate channel with both the cost of capital effect and the substitution effect. The results demonstrate that financial inclusion level affects inflation rate as a proxy of effectiveness of the Indonesian monetary policy, both in the short run and long run. However, the effect of shocks in financial inclusion on inflation is not permanent. Meanwhile, fintech only affects inflation rate in the short run. However, shocks in fintech affect the volatility of inflation rate is permanent both through the substitution effect and the cost of capital effect.
Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infection in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus auratus) Cultured in Egypt

This study aimed to diagnose V. parahaemolyticus infection among cultured Gilthead Seabream from the Suez Canal area of Egypt. A total of 200 Gilthead Seabream fish samples were clinically examined for the presence of any abnormal external or internal clinical findings. Samples from internal organs of moribund fish were subjected to histopathological and microbiological examinations. Retrieved isolates were biochemically identified using API 20 E system then further confirmed by regular PCR. Antibiogram profiling of the retrieved isolates was also done. A sum of 64 V. parahaemolyticus isolates was retrieved from the examined moribund Gilthead seabream samples. A total of 18 (32.8%) of the retrieved isolates were positive for the Kanagawa phenomenon (KP+ve). An expected product with a length of 368 bp size bands was found from tested strains of toxR targeted gene. Further, the PCR amplification of pR72H target gene generated an expected product with a length of 387-bp. Most of the isolates showed resistance to Ampicillin (AMP 10μg) and Gentamycin (CN 10μg) with high sensitivity to Sulphamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (SXT 25μg). Pathologically, severe inflammatory reactions together with melanomacrophage center alterations were recorded within the examined splenic, hepatic, renal and branchial tissues. Ultimately, the current study emphasizes the critical fish health threats posed by V. parahaemolyticus with consequent impacts on human consumers. Thus, competent biosecurity strategies should be adopted to control Vibrio infection in marine fishes and to minimize the antimicrobial resistance hazards in mariculture.
Collective reflective assessment for shared epistemic agency by undergraduates in knowledge building

We examined the facilitation of shared epistemic agency through a knowledge-building (KB) design that included analytics-supported collective reflective assessment (AsCRA). Forty undergraduate students taking a Liberal Studies course at a university in central China used the promising ideas tool and the knowledge building discourse explorer to self-analyze the online discourse they had created in Knowledge Forum? (KF), an online discourse environment; 34 students in a comparison section of the same course used KF but did not use the additional tools. Both classes were taught by the same teacher and studied the same inquiry topics. Multifaceted analysis of students' interaction in and the quality of discourse on KF, an educational online platform, indicated that analytics-supported reflective assessment helped them to develop high-level shared epistemic agency in the KB process. Qualitative analysis showed that AsCRA helped students to focus on high-level goals (idea negotiation, synthesis of ideas and rise above thinking) in KB, and to engage in continuous assessment, reflection, and action planning to regulate and improve their discourse. The findings have important implications for the design of technology-rich environments to support learners, and may help teachers identify the potential uses of such environments to encourage learners to engage in productive collaborative inquiry and develop metacognition and agency.
Comparison between the effectiveness of two sealants in prevention of enamel white spot lesions: in vitro study

Objectives: This study was done to compare between the effectiveness of using highly filled and lightly filled sealants in preventing demineralization and resisting acid and abrasion through assessing enamel color change differences and sealant retention after induced challenges. Methods: 100 human premolars were collected and allocated into 2 groups. The buccal surfaces of the 1st group were sealed with a 38% filled sealant (Opal®SealTM) and the 2nd group with an 18 % filled one (PRO SEAL®). Both groups were exposed to acidic and abrasive challenges. Enamel color changes were recorded spectrophotometrically at baseline (T0), after sealant application (T1), after first exposure to acidic challenge (T2), and after second exposure to acidic challenge and simulated toothbrushing (T3). Standardized photographs were taken for each tooth under ultraviolet light at baseline and at (T3). Teeth images were analyzed using computer software to estimate sealant coverage and fluorescence loss. Results: The best protection was seen in the Opal seal group after the 1st acidic challenge (p=0.000) when compared with PRO SEAL. Greater sealant material loss (68.78% ± 15.54) and fluorescence loss (82.46% ± 11.04) were seen in the PRO SEAL group (p=0.000). Both sealants changed the original enamel color similarly and exceeded the clinically detectable threshold (∆E=3.7). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study; increasing the filler content strengthens the sealant, therefore, offering more protection against white spot lesions. Both sealants degrade with increasing the challenges. Both sealants change the initial enamel color similarly.
Online Banking Transactions and Mere-Exposure Effect

This study examines whether the online banking transaction values are being affected by the number of visits made to the bank by the customers in the context of Sri Lankan commercial banks. Simultaneously, study analyses the differences/similarities in online banking transaction values performed by the groups of customers; specifically, amongst the control group and the other groups. Respondents were the students of Uwa Wellassa University those who are possessing online banking services of the selected commercial banks. According to the number of visits made to the bank, four groups consisting of 20 each, were formed and 80 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Conceptual model was designed incorporating the psychological concept of mere-exposure effect. Non-parametric, Kruskal–Wallis test used for the analysis and it was followed by pair-wise and step-wise step-down methods alongside the trend analysis using Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Empirical results supported both the hypotheses, subsequently. Restricted sample selection owing to time constraints is a limitation. Nevertheless, incorporation of non -parametric tests and mere-exposure effect in relation to present research context could be noted as the originality of the research. Findings would be beneficial for online banking services providers and policy makers, the same. In conclusion, it is suggested to conduct researches in varied contexts in the field of technology adoption by integrating related variables, moderators and mediators.