Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scientific letter: Wound care in orthopaedics

Background: In the developing world, the current trends in population growth, industrialization and urbanization are putting heavy pressure on the transport network in general and on road system in particular. Some of the unwanted side effects of this growing traffic, such as congestion and noise pollution are immediately obvious to the individual. But others, such as the growing number of fatal and non-fatal injuries from Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs), are apparent only through aggregated statistics. These data reflects serious and growing problem, with absolute fatality and casualty figures are rapidly rising in the majority of developing nations and with morbidity and mortality rates considerably higher than in the developed world. The alarming increase in morbidity and mortality owing to road traffic accidents over the past decades is a matter of great concern globally. In this study we have done evaluation of morbidity and epidemiology of two wheelers (two wheeler vehicles are those vehicle which runs on fuel e.g. Motorcycle) accidents in Central India. Methods : There were about 1514 patients who came to Accident and Emergency department of Acharya Vinobha Bhave Hospital from September 2014 to August 2015 with history of RTA, out of which 100 cases of road traffic accidents involving two wheelers were interviewed, using interview technique as tool for data collection. Results : Out of 100 cases of road traffic accidents involving two wheelers 84 were male and 16 were female patients. Among 100 patients 46% had trauma by skidding of bike. Accidents took place at early morning (17%), afternoon (37%) and evening (31%) and night (15%) time. A number of patients (41%) were under influence of alcohol making it a major reason of trauma. Seventy five percent of the patients were driving the vehicle. In 25% of cases, patients were the pillion riders. In our study out of 100 patients, 99 were not wearing a helmet except for 1 patient. Among 100 patients, 54 were having orthopaedic injuries. Among the orthopaedic injuries, lower limb injuries were 46% and upper limb were 45%. Conclusions : In our study we concluded that most of the accidents on two wheelers were of younger adults with predominance of male population and mostly occurred at daytime. Most of the drivers were under the influence of alcohol and were prone to accidents. The problems with two – wheelers accidents were condition of road, alcohol influence, and condition of vehicle. Keywords : Road Traffic Accidents, Two – wheelers, Central India, Morbidity, Epidemiology
Barriers and Facilitating Factors to the Integration of the First UK-Trained Physician Associates onto Secondary Care Services in the British National Health Service

ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. TABLE OF CONTENTS VI LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES IX LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS X CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 A. INTRODUCTION 1 B. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 1 C. PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 2 D. RESEARCH QUESTION 3 E. ASSUMPTIONS / BIASES 3 F. CONCLUSION 6 CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 7 A. INTRODUCTION 7 B. SEARCH STRATEGY 7 C. LITERATURE REVIEW ON PAS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 8 I. CHARACTERISTICS OF PAS AND PA PRACTICE IN THE UK 10 II. PATIENT EXPERIENCE WITH PAS 15 III. RESPONSE / PERSPECTIVE OF DOCTORS AND THE HEALTH SYSTEM REGARDING PAS 16 IV. GAPS IN THE LITERATURE 20 D. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 22 I. MEAD AND THE ORIGINS OF SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM 23 II. BLUMER AND SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM 25 III. KARL WEICK AND SENSEMAKING 26 IV. STRAUSS AND GROUNDED THEORY AS A DATA COLLECTION APPROACH 32 E. CONCLUSION 34 CHAPTER 3 – METHODS 36 A. INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND ON GROUNDED THEORY APPROACH 36 B. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH EMPLOYED 37 I. REVIEWED DOCUMENTS / RESEARCH ARTICLES / WEBSITES / PUBLISHED MEDIA 37
Comprehensive income disclosure (the case of US companies)

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine alternative reporting formats of comprehensive income (CI) information and measures the extent to which losses are being accumulated in other comprehensive income (OCI) in the specific context of two major FASB updates: Summary of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 130 and Accounting Standard Update (ASU) 2011–05. Design/methodology/approach: This paper investigates alternative reporting formats of CI information and its effect on Earnings Per Share (EPS) of 100 top US firms over the 1997–1999 period. The pattern of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) is then examined using a sub-sample of ten companies with 31 December year ends over the 1995–2014 period. Findings: The results indicate that several firms show OCI items as part of shareholders’ equity. On average, the difference between CI and net income is significant for the majority of firms, fluctuating by up to 15% (in absolute terms) over three-years. The negative effect on EPS is significant. For sub-sample firms, OCI is predominantly negative (i.e., is reported as a loss). Research limitations/implications: The effect of the above findings is that reported earnings generally provide an overly optimistic picture of book values. Conservative book values are shown to be a more sufficient statistic for returns than earnings for investors.
Collaboration and innovation between heterogeneous actors

This paper explores how organizations from different backgrounds with heterogeneous interests are able to pursue sustained collaboration on a broad goal. Broad goals are effective for mobilizing heterogeneous actors to collaborate on an overarching issue. However, realizing broad goals can be challenging due to the possible emergence of conflicting sub-goals salient to different participants. Prior research has found conflicting sub-goals to have both positive and negative effects on sustained collaboration. Disparate sub-goals can create synergy and innovative initiatives, but can also lead to inertia and displacement of the broad goal. How do organizations with heterogeneous interests engaged in a collaborative initiative manage the tension between the pursuit of a broad goal and the emergence of conflicting sub-goals, and how do they ensure that conflicting sub-goals do not displace the broad goal? To explore this, we draw upon a qualitative longitudinal study (2011–2018) of the Helix Nebula collaboration, the leading science and business cloud computing initiative in Europe. We explore how “big science” (CERN, EMBL, ESA) collaborate with “big business” organizations (Atos, CloudSigma, T-Systems), small-and medium-sized firms (SixSquared, Terradue, The Server Labs), and public e-infrastructure providers (EGI, GÉANT) on “the development and implementation of a secure and globally recognized European Cloud Computing Infrastructure” (CERN & ESA, 2011: 11). Our inductive analysis reveals that conceptualizing and contextualizing are two mechanisms that enable organizations to accept and perceive conflicting sub-goals as inevitable and a necessary part of realizing the broad goal leading to sustained collaboration.
Measuring stakeholders’ expectations for the central bank’s policy rate

In recent decades, the role of market expectation on central bank’s policy rate has been increasingly acknowledged in monetary policy formulation. In this research, we develop a machine learning-based technique for identifying the expectation of stakeholders on Bank Indonesia’s policy rate. The expectations are extracted from news, starting from 14 days before the monthly Board of Governor’s meeting. We achieve an F1-score of 76.8% from out-of-sample evaluation on classification result. The resulting monthly expectation index has 78.6% correlation with the index generated from Bloomberg’s monthly survey.
Manufacturing change and policy response in the contemporary economic landscape: how cities in Ontario, Canada, understand and plan for manufacturing

ABSTRACT Despite its nearly half-century decline in Western countries, manufacturing remains a vital part of local and regional economies. This importance is reflected in the economic development policies of cities, which are struggling to understand the current state of manufacturing and what they should do to either reinforce or replace it. Within the scholarship and practice, however, there is limited understanding of the policies that are adopted and whether they have potential to have a meaningful impact for the cities that adopt them. To address this gap, this research considers the way that manufacturing is contextualized and responded to within the local economic development planning documents of 47 (of 51) cities in Ontario, Canada. Through a comprehensive content analysis, it examines whether there are variations in the way cities approach manufacturing. Based on chi-square analysis, the findings show that there is considerable homogeneity in the way that cities of all sizes are approaching manufacturing, suggesting they are not adequately considering the local context in their policy, and rather focus on more general and previously adopted approaches. However, there is an emerging spatiality to the policy that was identified, which presents cities with a pathway forward to address manufacturing within their local economic development.
Management Forecasts in Crowded Sectors

This paper documents a dual role for disclosure. In addition to the traditional role of alleviating information asymmetry, firms are motivated to disclose to attract investors’ limited resources and order flow away from other firms (Fishman and Hagerty, 1989). In periods when firms returns comove more with their sector’s returns and thus face more competition for investors, they issue more guidance, especially capex guidance. The effect of firm-sector comovement ("sector crowdedness") on guidance increases with fiercer competition for investors. Guidance increases liquidity and price efficiency (measured as investment sensitivity to price), but the impact of guidance decreases in sector crowdedness, consistent with the proposition that more disclosure in the crowded sectors is investor-seeking rather than precision increasing. Although the impact of guidance on investment-price sensitivity is lower in more crowded sectors, the effect is still positive, suggesting that firms can improve price efficiency by issuing guidance to attract informed investors to the firm.
Non-Bank Counterparties in International Banking

The BIS has expanded the details that it publishes about banks' balance sheet linkages with nonbank counterparties. These additional details show that banks have increasingly large positions vis-à-vis the non-bank financial sector. Their exposures to non-financial counterparties are highly concentrated, mainly in holdings of advanced economy government debt. At the same time, banks lend significant amounts to non-financial corporations located in financial centres. Banks' cross-border claims on households are relatively small, while their cross-border liabilities to this sector reflect non-resident nationals making deposits with banks in their home country.
INTELLIGENT TRAVEL AND EXPENSE CLAIM- ITRAVEL

A home automated like electrical or electronics manufacturing system had a large team of field support engineers. As there is too much work pressure, large amount of their time was spent on field handling such as maintenance and repair of improper things around. Sometimes they did not even return to their respective offices for few days in row or weeks. That is why there is delay in claiming the travel expense in a timely manner. Half of all businesses claim are inefficiently processed this is biggest challenge when it comes to managing travel and expenses. Keep away with paper and spreadsheets and let technology digitize the entire process for you. After a lot of brainstorming, it was decided to develop an mobile application as Intelligent Travel Expense Claim system . i.e. iTravel. iTravel will leverage the geolocation capabilities to automatically create an expense claim for the engineer. It will allow engineers to check out from their current location and check in to a new location. A location is usually a customer location, office or their respective homes. At day end or during working travel hour, the engineer will now use iTravel to edit all the movement captured using this process and automatically submit a claim. Capture all travel and expense spend in one place to improve control. Once you can see what you’re spending, you’ll be able to make better decisions. The amounts are calculated on the basis of distance covered. These distances will also be computed from Maps API. This will save the money and time . The solution has to be developed for mobile application . That is in more demand and highly used by mass and can be made useful for the engineers and employee using IBM Worklight Studio and will be deployed on IBM WAS, MYSQL, and Worklight Server. The target device will be an Android Phone. The development will follow the IBM’s Rational Unified Process
Reverse Takeover: an alternative mechanism to go public

This study examines a sample of 222 private firms that opted for going public through a reverse takeover transaction. Reverse takeover is a process in which a private firm is acquired by a public one in order to obtain its public listing. When the transaction is completed, the new enlarged company usually operates under the management and the name of the target (private firm). The public company is generally a poor performer and expects that with this merger, its performance will be improved. However, apart from the significant wealth gains that the shareholders receive during a short period of time surrounding the event, negligible improvement in its post-reverse takeover long-term financial performance is observed. Hence, while reverse takeover is a less expensive and less time-consuming mechanism to go public compared to an IPO, it should be considered as a more risky process, concerning the long-term performance of the new company.
Are Executives in Short Supply? Evidence from Deaths' Events

Using exhaustive administrative data on Italian social security records, we construct measures of local labor market tightness for executives that vary by industry and location. We then show that firm performance is negatively affected by executives death, but only in thin local labor markets. Death events are followed by an increase in the separation rate for the other executives, in particular for those with a college degree. Consistent with the hypothesis that the drop in performance is due to executives' short supply, we find that after a death event executives wages in other firms increase, but only in thin markets.
PENGARUH FRAUD DIAMOND DALAM MENDETEKSI TINGKAT ACCOUNTING IRREGULARITIES DENGAN KOMITE AUDIT SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat accounting irregularities terhadap pressure, opportunity, rationalization dan capability dengan komite audit sebagai variabel moderasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan konstruksi, perusahaan properti investasi dan perusahaan aset real estat pada tahun 2016-2017 dan teknik pengambilan sampling adalah purposive sampling. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah jenis data skunder dari Bursa Efek Indonesia dalam bentuk laporan keuangan tahunan. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 84 perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi logistik untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa financial stability, personel financial need, financial target, nature of industry, ineffective monitoring, berpengaruh signifikan terhadap accounting irregularities. Namun External pressure, rationalization, capability, dan komite audit tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap accounting irregularities. Komite audit memperlemah financial stability, financial target, nature of industry terhadap accounting irregularities. Namun komite audit tidak memperlemah personal financial need, external pressure,ineffective monitoring,rationalization, dan capability terhadap accounting irregularities
Achievement of universal health coverage in Surakarta city: policy analysis

Background: Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) is the health policy of the Indonesian government to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), where each City or District has a varied regional policy in implementing it. Surakarta City is one of the regions that has been able to reach UHC. Policy analysis triangle is used to understand the various factors involved in each policy process. Objective: This study aims to explore deeply the implementation of JKN policy in Surakarta City to be able to achieve UHC based on a policy analysis triangle. Methods: This type of research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. The study was conducted in Surakarta City, Central Java, from September 2018 to March 2019. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and document analysis. Sampling technique with criterion sampling. The research informants were five people who were the leaders of the Surakarta City Government, and 10 people from the Surakarta City community. Data validity was done by triangulation, member check, and peer debriefing. Results: The implementation of JKN policy in the city of Surakarta to reach UHC was influenced by: actors who were highly committed and competent in the success of the JKN program, a dynamic process in adjusting central policy to the regions by implementing various strategies and innovations to increase JKN membership coverage; political factors with policy making that support the achievement of UHC, environmental factors where population density in Surakarta City is the most densely populated in Central Java, there is a high awareness and willingness of the people of Surakarta City to have JKN, and technological support that facilitates JKN coordination and implementation. Conclusion: Achieving UHC in Surakarta City is the result of optimizing the four factors in the triangle analysis policy.
CommitCoin: Carbon Dating Commitments with Bitcoin

In the standard definition of a commitment scheme, the sender commits to a message and immediately sends the commitment to the recipient interested in it. However the sender may not always know at the time of commitment who will become interested in verifying it. Further, when the interested party does emerge, it could be critical to establish when the commitment was made. Employing a proof of work protocol at commitment time will later allow anyone to "carbon date" when the commitment was made, approximately, without trusting any external parties. We present CommitCoin, an instantiation of this approach that harnesses the existing processing power of the Bitcoin peer-to-peer network; a network used to mint and trade digital cash.
Stroke - Incidence in India and Management of Ischaemic stroke

It has been noted that stroke incidence may vary considerably from country to country. The prevalence of stroke in India was estimated as 203 per 100,000 population above 20 years, amounting to a total of about 1 million cases. The goal of management of ischaemic stroke patients in the acute phase is protection of the so-called penumbra zone. This zone comprises the brain tissues at risk of i ischaemic damage. Brain tissues adjacent to the ischaemic core are often impaired, but is potentially reversible if the circulation is restored soon enough.
Managerial and leadership considerations for the process of integrating small innovation acquisitions at the team level

VI OPSOMMING . VIII ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . X LIST OF FIGURES . XX LIST OF TABLES . XXII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XXIII CHAPTER ONE . 1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY. 1 1.
The influence of culture on knowledge exchange between international consultants and local clients : the case of Saudi Arabia

This chapter argues that, although the consultancy literature acknowledges the significant influence of culture on the international work of consultancies, this influence has not been sufficiently studied in a systematic way. Therefore, greater attention must be given to the implicit and explicit impacts of culture on the internationalisation of consulting. It is suggested that the appearance and development of the consulting industry has resulted from cultural and institutional conditions that appeared in the United States in the early twentieth century. This can be traced either to the culture of manufacturing and efficiency that flourished in the US at the turn of the twentieth century, or to the capitalist culture that emerged there in the 1920s. Regardless of which cultural conditions contributed to the appearance and development of the consulting industry, scholars seem to agree on the fact that culture played a central role in its beginnings in the United States. Despite this acknowledgement, they do not seem to offer explicit insights into the influence of culture on the international expansions of consultancies. This chapter justifies the need to address this gap. It establishes that, because of cultural differences, management concepts vary across the world. Consequently, the dissemination of management knowledge by international consultants is likely to be challenged by those cultural differences. Accordingly, the influence of culture on international consultancies should no longer be neglected. 2.
Investor Reactions to Crypto Token Regulation

Crypto tokens are mostly issued and traded outside traditional regulated financial markets due to their ambiguous nature. However, it is unclear whether investors in these assets view regulation to be necessary. We empirically examine if crypto token investors perceive regulation as net beneficial or costly, and whether cross-sectional differences in crypto token characteristics and transparency affect this reaction. Using a sample of around 1,300 crypto tokens and 145 regulation news events, we find that on average, investors react negatively to news that increases (the likelihood of) regulation. We find that this negative reaction is mainly driven by news about securities regulation of ICOs and crypto exchanges. However, it is less pronounced for crypto tokens with higher transparency ratings and for crypto token issuers that engage more with followers on social media. We conclude that crypto token investors on average expect regulation to be net costly, but less so for tokens with a better information environment.
Task Discretion, Labor Market Frictions and Entrepreneurship

Each job can be performed in several ways, which we call tasks An agent's performance at a task is informative about his productivity at different tasks. But tasks are not contractible: choosing tasks is the prerogative of management within firms, and of the agent if he is an entrepreneur. Firms will invest in the discovery of their workers' productivity at different tasks only if they cannot easily move to other firms. Therefore, labor-market frictions determine whether learning an agent's talent occur within firms, or whether an agent may become an entrepreneur to acquire task discretion.
Financial inclusion dynamics in WAEMU: Was digital technology the missing piece?

Abstract Like most of International Institutions, the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO) considers universal access to finance as key to empowering disadvantaged people. Fitting into that context, this study aims to assess the accelerating role of digital technologies using mobile phone penetration and internet usage as broad indicators, on the dynamics of financial inclusion in WAEMU. Using data from the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) over the periods 2006–2017, we estimated first a random effect model and thereafter a system GMM devised by Arrelano-Bover/Bundell-Bond, to correct the endogeneity issue raised from the static model. Findings show that beyond the specific effects of mobile phone penetration and Internet usage, the joint use of these two technologies is very key to financial inclusion in the WAEMU countries. It urges then for policy makers to take steps toward the availability, accessibility, affordability and to design flexible legislation pertaining to mobile financial services providers in order to accelerate financial inclusion in that region.