Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the type IV pili localization in Myxococcus xanthus

5 2.3.4 Localization of PilT in the absence of other type IV pili components. 70 2.3.5 Localization of non-functional YFP-PilT mutant . 73 2.4 Regulation of the type IV pili oscillations . 73 2.4.1 Small Ras-like GTPase MglA is required for PilT dynamics during reversal . 73 2.5 Characterization of a new S-motility component . 76 2.5. 1 Bioinformatics analyses of SofG (S-motility function GTPase). 76 2.5. 2 SofG is required for Smotility and development . 78 2.5. 3 ΔsofG mutant assembles type IV pili at both poles. 81 2.5. 4 Production ot exopolysaccharides in ΔsofG mutant . 82 2.5. 5 Generation of YFP-SofG fusion proteins . 83 2.5. 6 SofG has an unusual localization pattern . 85 2.5. 7 Accumulation of type IV pili components is independent of SofG . 89 2.5. 8 Localization of PilC in the absence of SofG. 90 2.5. 9 Localization of PilB ATPase in the absence of SofG . 91 2.5. 10 Localization of PilT ATPase in the absence of SofG . 91 3 Discussion . 95 3.1 Mechanism underlying type IV pili pole-to-pole oscillations during reversal . 95 3.1. 1 Stationary type IV pili components. 95 3.1. 2 Dynamic type IV pili components . 96 3.1. 3 Model of the type IV pili polarity switching during reversal . 97 3.2 Mechanism regulating temporal separation of type IV pili extension and retraction . 98 3.3 Polar targeting and polar retention of type IV pili components.100 3.4 Regulation of type IV pili localization and oscillations by Ras-like GTPase MglA and its paralog SofG . 102 3.4.1 MglA regulates correct PilT polarity and oscillations during reversal. 103 3.4.2 SofG establishes correct polarity of two type IV pili motors and regulates their dynamic localization. 103 3.5 Conclusions.107 4 Materials and Methods. 109 4.1 Chemicals and equipment.109 4.2 Media . 110 4.3 Microbiological methods.112 4.3.1 E. coli strains . 112 4.3.2 M. xanthus strains . 112 4.3.3 Cultivation of bacteria. 114 4.3.4 Storage of transformed E. coli and M. xanthus strains . 114
POTASSIUM-INTERCALATED MANGANESE DIOXIDE AS LITHIUM-ION BATTERY CATHODES: A DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDY

It is obvious to harness the intermittent renewable energy resources, energy storage applications, such as a lithium-ion battery, are very important. α‒type MnO2 is considered as an attractive cathode material for lithium-ion battery due to its relatively large (2 × 2) tunnel structure, remarkable discharge capacity, low cost, and environmental benignity. However, low intrinsic electronic conductivity of α‒type MnO2 limits its full utilization as a cathode for a lithium-ion battery. Therefore, studies to enhance the α‒type MnO2 properties are undoubted of great interest. While previous computational studies have been focused on pristine α‒type MnO2, in the present report, we present the theoretical research on potassium-intercalated α‒type MnO2 using first principle Density Functional Theory calculations for the first time. Our results showed that potassium-intercalated α‒type MnO2 improved the electronic conductivity which beneficial for energy storage application. The structural transformation of potassium-intercalated α‒type MnO2 upon lithium insertion are also discussed. Our results may open the avenue for further utilization of potassium-intercalated α‒type MnO2 materials for not only the lithium-ion battery but also other type energy storage systems.
Ni-based Catalyst Supported on Mesostructured Silica Nanoparticles (MSN) for Methanol Oxidation Reaction (MOR)

A new catalyst based on mesostructured silica nanoparticle (5wt%, 20wt%, and 30wt% Ni-MSN) were prepared by the wet impregnation method and used for electro-oxidation of methanol. While, MSN as a catalyst support was synthesized using co-condensation and sol-gel method. The synthesized MSN and Ni-MSN were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) techniques. Ni-MSN catalysts were successfully prepared by mixing with the conducting graphite in 1:1 ratio which called carbon paste electrode (CPE). Mixing with graphite, in this work, was particular necessary to increase the electrical conductivity of the Ni-MSN materials. For fuel cell applications, the electrochemical measurements for methanol oxidation were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) in 1.0 M NaOH and 1.0 M CH3OH for modified electrode, Ni-MSNCPE. Among the three samples, 30wt% Ni-MSNCPE exhibits a high current density (~ 8 mA cm-2) and long-term chronoamperometry stability (3600 s) toward methanol oxidation in alkaline solution. This may attribute to the high dispersion of nickel and ordered mesoporous structure which can facilitate the diffusion of methanol and products. 30wt% Ni nanoparticles supported onto MSN catalyst demonstrate better electrocatalytic activity and stability than the 5wt% and 20wt% Ni-MSNCPE catalysts.
Optical Activity and Helicity Enhancement of Highly Sensitive Dinaphthylmethane-Based Stereodynamic Probes for Secondary Alcohols

Chirality transfer from circular dichroism (CD)-silent secondary alcohol (inductor) to the stereodynamic bichromophoric di(1-naphthyl)methane probe (reporter) led to the generation of intense, induced exciton-type Cotton effects (CEs) in the ultraviolet–visible absorption region. The di(1-naphthyl)methane probe exhibits extraordinarily high sensitivity to even small structural variations of the alcohol skeleton, that is, the probe is able to distinguish between an oxygen atom and a methylene group in a 3-hydroxytetrahydrofurane skeleton. Signs and amplitudes of the exciton couplets of 1Bb electronic transition might be correlated with the type of stereo-differentiating parts of the molecule flanking the stereogenic center, however, not with the absolute configuration. The origin of the induced CEs was established by means of experimental and theoretical methods. As a result, a mechanism of chirality transfer from the permanent stereogenic center to the bichromophore is proposed.
Quantification of water vapour transport from the Asian monsoon to the stratosphere

<p><span>We use multiannual simulations with the chemistry-transport model CLaMS (Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere) to analyze water vapour transport from the Asian monsoon region to the stratosphere. Further, we make comparisons of the transport characteristics from the Asian monsoon to the stratosphere with those of other source regions (e.g. from the tropics). In addition, we characterize the transport efficiency of the monsoon region compared to other source regions and bring our results into context with previous studies, which have focused on water vapour transport from the Asian monsoon to the stratosphere. These analyses are complementing the previously published work by Ploeger et al. (2017), who have analyzed mass transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone to the stratosphere. </span></p><p><span>The presented findings have been recently published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (N&#252;tzel et al., 2019). </span></p><p>&#160;</p><p><span>References:</span></p><p><span>Ploeger, F. , Konopka, P., Walker, K. , and Riese, M. : Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 7055-7066, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7055-2017, 2017. </span></p><p><span>N&#252;tzel, M. , Podglajen, A. , Garny, H. , and Ploeger, F. : Quantification of water vapour transport from the Asian monsoon to the stratosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 8947&#8211;8966, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8947-2019, 2019. </span></p><p>&#160;</p><p>&#160;</p><p>&#160;</p>
Harnessing the Physical Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles for Biological Applications and Factors that Impact ZnO Nanoparticle Toxicity

vii TABLE OF CONTENTS . xi LIST OF TABLES . xvi LIST OF FIGURES . xvii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xxviii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Overview of Nanomaterials and ZnO . 1 Toxicity Mechanisms of nZnO . 2 Factors that Impact Toxicity . 6 Bioimaging . 8 nZnO as a Potential Therapeutic . 10 Future Directions . 13 References . 15 CHAPTER TWO: RAPID DISSOLUTION OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES INDUCED BY BIOLOGICAL BUFFERS SIGNIFICANTLY IMPACTS CYTOTOXICITY . 23 Abstract . 24.24 Introduction . 25 Experimental Procedures . 27
INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYEE’S BEHAVIOUR IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

This study assessed the influence of human resource management practices on agricultural employees’ behavior. Data were collected from 75 randomly selected agricultural employees using a well-structured questionnaire. Data gathered were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The mean age of the employees’ was 43.2 years. In-service training ( =3.44), management reward employees who are committed to their job ( =3.41) and wide participation and activity is highly rewarded ( =3.41) were the major human resource management practices that influenced employees behaviors. Also, major employees’ behavior include creation of conducive environment for better job performance ( =3.13) and praise, recognition and appreciation of effective performance/ special effort ( =3.05). Factors affecting employees’ behavior were inadequate training ( =2.93) and inadequate grants/funds to attend training programmes ( =2.81). Significant relationships existed between gender ( χ 2 = 37.20, p<0.005), educational qualification ( χ 2 = 59.09, p<0.005), income (r=0.12, p<0.005), human resource management practices (r = 0.57, p<0.005) and employees’ behavior. Management should encourage employees who are committed to their job through awards and recognition of work done.
The Effect of Profitability, Leverage, Firm Size, Firm Reputation and Institutional Ownership on Audit Report Lag

Financial statements are one important instrument in supporting the sustainability of a company, because financial statements have a role in the process of measuring and evaluating the performance of a company. Financial statements must be of high quality before being submitted to users of financial statements because users of financial statement information require reports that are complete, transparent, and presented on time. The financial statements aim to provide information about the company's financial position, performance and cash flow that is beneficial for most users of financial statements in the context of making economic decisions and shows management's responsibility in the use of company resources. The auditor's timeliness in completing the audit report will affect the timeliness of the publication to the public. The length of time (number of days) from the date of closing the book to the date stated on the audit report is called the audit report lag. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of Profitability, Leverage, Firm Size, Firm Reputation and Outsider Ownership influence on Audit Report Lag. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a research period of 2014-2018. The method used is explanatory research, which explains the position of the variables studied and tests the effect of one or several variables on one or several other variables. The results showed that firm size had a significant negative effect on audit report lag, leverage variable does not have a significant negative effect on audit report lag, profitability has no negative effect on audit report lag, Public Accounting Firm (KAP) has no negative influence on audit report lag and institutional ownership does not have a negative effect on audit report lag.
Deep-Learning Full-Waveform Inversion Using Seismic Migration Images

Data-driven deep-learning full-waveform inversion (DD-DLFWI) can efficiently reconstruct a velocity image of the subsurface from prestack seismic recordings, once the deep-learning (DL) model is well-trained based on the self-designed geological structures and simulated recordings. However, the key problem of this approach is that it usually discards the knowledge about the forward and adjoint operators, which leads to poor reconstruction quality and generalization ability. To mitigate these problems, we have developed a deep-learning full-waveform inversion (DLFWI) approach using seismic migration images. This approach includes two key points. The first key point is that, unlike the conventional DD-DLFWI approach based on the seismic recordings in the common-source data domain, our approach utilizes the reverse time migration (RTM) images of seismic recordings in the common-source image domain as the data engine of the convolutional neural network (CNN) to reconstruct the background velocity. The second key point is that we utilize the iterative neural network architecture to reconstruct the high-resolution velocity model based on the reconstructed background velocity. Specifically, the high-resolution velocity model can be recovered by using the reconstructed velocity model, RTM image, and gradient of regularization term as the input of neural network architecture. Through synthetic experiments with various layered and fault velocity models, we have confirmed that the proposed approach can reconstruct a high-resolution velocity of the subsurface from prestack seismic recordings. Meanwhile, it outperforms the conventional DD-DLFWI approach in terms of reconstruction accuracy, antinoise, and generalization ability.
Van der Waals Bipolar Junction Transistor Using Vertically Stacked Two‐Dimensional Atomic Crystals

The majority of microelectronic devices rely on a p‐n junction. The process of making such a junction is complicated, and it is difficult to make layers that form a junction with an atomic thickness. In this study, bipolar junctions are made by using 2D atomic crystalline layers and even a single layer in which 2D layers adhere together to form a heterostructure via van der Waals forces. A vertical 2D bipolar junction transistor (V2D‐BJT) is studied for the first time. It uses an MoS2/WSe2/MoS2 heterostructure and has an n‐p‐n configuration that exhibits a maximum common‐base current gain of ≈0.97 and a stable common‐emitter current gain (β) of 12 with a nanowatt power consumption. In the first attempt at gas sensing, it shows outstanding performance, exhibiting a very fast response and recovery time (9 and 35 s, respectively) with a power dissipation of only 2 nW. This study demonstrates the potential application of the V2D‐BJT in nanowatt power amplifiers as well as fast‐response and low‐power gas sensors.
Nutritional and phytochemical screening, and total phenolic and flavonoid content of Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. from Philippines

The nutritional content and phytochemical composition of Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. , known as “pako” in the Philippines, were determined to ascertain its use as an ingredient in culinary dishes in the country. Pako, also known as fiddlehead fern, is patronized by locals as an ingredient in vegetable dishes and salads. Standard AOAC methods showed that the fresh plant samples contain 91.82 % moisture, 1.42 % ash, 0.28 % crude fat, 0.87 % crude protein, and 0.72 % crude fiber while oven dried plant samples contain 17.39 % ash, 3.40 % crude fat, 10.67 % crude protein, and 9.06 % crude fiber. Qualitative phytochemical screening detected the presence of alkaloids, reducing sugars, anthraquinones, anthranol glycosides, cyanidins, phenols, saponins, and proteins in both the ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts, while cardiac glycosides, leucoanthocyanins, phytosterols, diterpenes, and triterpenes were only detected in the ethanolic extract. Using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the total phenolic contents were 125.60 ± 13.44 and 11.65 ± 0.87 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g air-dried sample for the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. The corresponding total flavonoid contents were 110.81 ± 11.16 and 16.21 ± 0.72 mg quercetin equivalents per 100 g air-dried sample for the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively.
Difference in space‐charge recombination of proton and electron irradiated GaAs solar cells

GaAs component cells, representative of the middle cell in Ga0.5In0. 5P/GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cells, were irradiated with protons and electrons of various energies and fluences. The local ideality factor, calculated from the measured dark J‐V curves, exhibits a characteristic signature of the irradiating particle. With the help of an analytical model based on Shockley‐Read‐Hall statistics, the recombination current in the space‐charge region is calculated, and the local diode ideality factor is reproduced accurately. The inclusion of defect levels away from the intrinsic Fermi level in the bandgap is found to be essential, since a classical two‐diode model fails to describe the experimental data. On the basis of literature data of known defect levels in irradiated GaAs, the associated lifetimes and defect introduction rates are derived.
Use of native agave fructans as stabilizers on physicochemical properties of spray-dried pineapple juice

Abstract Native agave fructans have technological applications as sweeteners and stabilizers in powder form. The effect of two stabilizing additives for pineapple juice was studied through calorimetry and physicochemical tests such as water activity, moisture content, solubility, bulk density, adsorption, and desorption isotherms. The samples were prepared with 10% maltodextrin concentration, added with 0%, 2%, and 4% native agave fructans. The spray-drying process was carried out with an inlet temperature of 120 °C. The treatments with the fructans presented lower moisture content with respect to the treatment solely with maltodextrin. The stabilizing power that is shown is corroborated by the sorption isotherms, which showed a higher degree of hysteresis with the addition of fructans during storage. This implies that, despite the water retention capacity of fructans, this was not enough to affect the stability of the product. The obtained thermograms showed that an increase in fructans concentration increases the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the powder. Graphical Abstract
Improvement of the performance in Cr-doped ZnO memory devices via control of oxygen defects

The defect-enhanced resistive switching behavior of Cr-doped ZnO films was investigated in this study, and evidence that the switching effect can be attributed to defects was found. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the existence of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO-based films, and the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the Cr-doped ZnO film was larger than that in the undoped ZnO film, which can be attributed to Cr doping. We concluded that the defects in Cr-doped ZnO were due to the Cr dopant, leading to excellent performance of Cr-doped ZnO films. In particular, depth-profiling analysis of the X-ray photoelectron spectra demonstrated that the resistive switching effects corresponded to variations in the concentration of the defects. The results confirmed that oxygen vacancies are crucial for the entire class of resistive switching effects in Cr-doped ZnO films. In particular, the Cr-doped ZnO films not only show bipolar resistive switching behavior but also excellent reliability and stability, which should be beneficial for next-generation memory device applications.
The effect of olive oil on ibuprofen induced Renal toxicity in female rats.

Ibuprofen is an effective, cheap, and it is one of the most commonly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which are among the most fr equent prescribed medications worldwide . The aim of this study is to investigate the protect iv effect of olive oil against ibuprofen-induced nephrotoxicity female albino rat s. In this study we used 24 female white rats and divided them into 4 equal groups. Each exp erimental group consisted of six animals. group1, control they were fed on diet and water wit hout any treatment, group2, ibuprofen given at dose 40 mg/kg/day orally by gastric tube for 30 days, group3,olive oil 2 ml/kg/day (oral administration) , group4, ibuprofen at dose o f 40 mg/kg/day and olive oil 2 ml/kg/day (oral administration). Treatments were administered once daily for 30 days. After 30 days, biochemical and histopathological analysis were con ducted to evaluate nephrotoxicity. Serum levels of urea, creatinine, calcium, glucose, phosp rus and amylase were measured. Animals treated with ibuprofen alone showed a significant i ncrease in serum levels of urea, creatinine and glucose and significant decrease in calcium. Tr eatment of rats with olive oil showed significant improvement in kidney function, presuma bly as a result of decreased boichemical parameters associated with ibuprofen-induced nephro toxicity. Histopathological examination of the rats kidney confirmed these observations. Th erefore olive oil may protect against ibuprofen-induced nephrotoxicity. ناذرجلا ثانلأ نيفوربوبيلاا ءاطعاب ثحتسملا يولكلا ممستلا ىلع نوتيزلا تيز رثأ ،سابع تعلط دمحم . د. م. أ بعتم رابج رازن . د ،دبع ىضترم بابر تاملكلا ةيحاتفملا : ،نيفوربوبيلاا ممستلا كلا يول ، تيز ،نوتيزلا ناذرجلا .
Efficient sampling for geostatistical surveys

A geostatistical survey for soil requires rational choices regarding the sampling strategy. If the variogram of the property of interest is known then it is possible to optimize the sampling scheme such that an objective function related to the survey error is minimized. However, the variogram is rarely known prior to sampling. Instead it must be approximated by using either a variogram estimated from a reconnaissance survey or a variogram estimated for the same soil property in similar conditions. For this reason, spatial coverage schemes are often preferred, because they rely on the simple dispersion of sampling units as uniformly as possible, and are similar to those produced by minimizing the kriging variance. If extra sampling locations are added close to those in a spatial coverage scheme then the scheme might be broadly similar to one produced by minimizing the total error (i.e. kriging variance plus the prediction error due to uncertainty in the covariance parameters). We consider the relative merits of these different sampling approaches by comparing their mean total error for different specified random functions. Our results showed the considerable benefit of adding close‐pairs to a spatial coverage scheme, and that optimizing with respect to the total error generally gave a small further advantage. When we consider the example of sampling for geostatistical survey of clay content of the soil, an optimized scheme based on the average of previously reported clay variograms was fairly robust compared to the spatial coverage plus close‐pairs scheme. We conclude that the direct optimization of spatial surveys was only rarely worthwhile. For most cases, it is best to apply a spatial coverage scheme with a proportion of additional sampling locations to provide some closely spaced pairs. Furthermore, our results indicated that the number of observations required for an effective geostatistical survey depend on the variogram parameters.
Arab Tertiary Students’ Perceptions of Effective Teachers

The aim of this descriptive study is to identify Arab tertiary students’ perceptions of the qualities and practices of teachers whom they judge to be effective. The data was collected from 136 Arab freshman students attending the intensive English program in the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to prepare them for their career programs. A content analysis of the data revealed a set of perceived characteristics and practices that were ranked according to their frequency rate. These results show that although teachers’ ability to teach and help students understand are seen to be essential, certain human aspects of teachers and their attitudes toward their students are seen as crucial for judging their effectiveness. These Arab students considered the human element of their teachers as a very important component of their effectiveness.