Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pulpitis Induced Carotid Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis on head or neck artery is the primary cause of ischemic stroke which is the leading cause of death at any age in Indonesia. In the last few years, chronic inflammatory due to bacteria, such as pulpitis, has been known to play an important role in the onset of atheroschlerotic pathogenesis. Pulpitis causes bacteremia which affects systemic inflammation. This condition may lead to endothelial cells defunct, elevated oxidation, and lipid deposition which increases the risk of aterosclerosis. This research aimed to identify the formation of carotid atherosclerotic lesions in pulpitis rat models. Ten rat samples are divided into 2 groups: a control group (K) without treatment and a pulpitis group (PU). The pulpitis group was established by inducing pulp perforation to the occlusal surface of mandibular first molar teeth. The pulp cavity was then induced with 0.05 ml (0.5 McF) of Streptococcus mutant, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. On the 29th day, rats were sacrified, their carotid arteries were extracted and cross-sectionally cut. Histological preparations were performed and colored by Picrosirius Red and Sudan IV. Histomorphometric analysis began with morphological observation of carotid artery wall thickness, then statistically tested using Independent T-test. Histomorphology analysis began with endhotelial disintegration, lipid deposition and atheroma, then statistically tested using Mann-Whitney method. The arterial walls of pulpitis group were significantly thicker 102,85 ± 3,37 μm than those of control group (p<0.05). There is no significant difference in endothelial disintegration in each group. The presence of lipid deposition and atheroma are seen at all samples in pulpitis group (100%). Pulpitis increases the risk of carotid atherosclerosis. Experimental article (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(2): 513-518)
THE PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF RESISTANCE TO SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM FUNGUS IN SUNFLOWER SEEDLING STAGE

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most important soil-borne fungi which infect wide variety of plants such as sunflower. Study on resistance sources at the molecular level can have a significant role in the identification of resistant plants in the early stages. Considering the importance of Sclerotinia in sunflower, the current study was carried out to identify resistance sources at protein levels of two sensitive (CMS Farokh) and resistant (Tub-3234) sunflower lines. For this purpose, proteins were extracted from cotyledon leaves 12 h after infection and analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Due to the relative expression of proteins, six protein spot (SOD, CAT, AOS, LSP, LOX and ICL) were identified through Maldi-TOF-TOF or mass spectrophotometry. The results indicated that, relative expression of LOX and ICL proteins increased in sensitive line, while relative expression of enzymes such as SOD, CAT, AOS and LSP increased in resistant line. Consider the obtained results; resistance sources in sunflower are highly related to antioxidant system and programmed cell death is justifiable. On the other hand, susceptibility to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum might be due to a switch from the TCA to glyoxylate pathway which describes more carbohydrates production for fungi.
AN ENHANCED HYBRID SVPWM WITH ANN-BASED VECTOR CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR USING FPGA

: This scheme envisages an indirect field-oriented control that involves estimation of the rotor flux vector with the use of field-oriented control equations (current model) involving a rotor speed measurement. Up-gradation of the weights of artificial neural network used in getting optimal speed control of an induction motor has been done with the use of back-propagation algorithm. The enhanced hybrid space vector pulse width modulation (HSVPWM) technique is a blend of random pulse width modulation (RPWM) and modified space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) techniques considered ideal for performance improvement. Amalgamation of the resultant modified SVPWM reference and the random selection of the carrier between two triangular signals, which has, as its objectives, the disbanding of the acoustic switching noise spectrum with basic components that have gone through improvement, is the fundamental doctrine behind the suggested RPWM referred to as enhanced HSVPWM. Apart from providing an improved vector control under a dynamic change in load, the proposed scheme has also other beneficial features that include reduction in oscillations, harmonics, and switching noise in acoustics. Implementation of this scheme, which is in real time, is carried out using Spartan xc6slx45 FPGA board. Very high speed hardware description language has been used in the implementation. Proof of the viability of the proposed scheme has been provided by the results obtained from the various tests conducted.
Review of Studies Regarding Risk-Informing Regulations for Normal Operating Transients

The current regulations, as set forth by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC), to insure that lightwater nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) maintain their structural integrity when subjected to planned startup (heat-up) and shutdown (cool-down) transients are specified in Appendix G to 10 CFR Part 50, which incorporates by reference Appendix G to Section XI of the ASME Code. The technical basis for these regulations contains many aspects that are now broadly recognized by the technical community as being unnecessarily conservative. During the past decade, the NRC conducted the interdisciplinary Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) Re-evaluation Project that established a technical basis to support a risk-informed revision to current PTS regulations (10CFR Part 50.61). Once the results of the PTS re-evaluation are incorporated into a revision of the 10 CFR 50.61 guidance on PTS, the technical basis for the fracture toughness that is required to withstand a PTS event (an accidental loading) will differ from the technical basis for the fracture toughness that is required by Appendix G to 10 CFR Part 50 for normal operating transients. The new PTS guidelines will be based on more realistic risk-informed models and inputs whereas the existing Appendix G requirements contain many known conservatisms that place unnecessary burdens on plant operation. Consequently, a goal of this project is to develop technical information supporting a risk-informed revision to the current requirements of Appendix G to 10 CFR 50 in a manner that is consistent with that used to develop a risk-informed revision to the PTS regulations. This research has consisted of the application of the FAVOR computer code for cool-down transients associated with reactor shutdown and the development and application of the FAVOR computer code for heat-up transients associated with reactor startup. This paper provides a brief overview of the current results of this research project.
Infraspecific diversity of Beauveria bassiana from India based on DNA microsatellite markers

Beauveria bassiana is an insect-associated fungal species and it is economically important as an environment-friendly mycoinsecticide and a good source of biologically active secondary metabolites. In this study, we employed DNA microsatellite markers to investigate the infraspecific diversity of 102 isolates of B. bassiana sensu stricto from India. All the microsatellite markers were easily amplifiable for all the isolates and provided a good genotype resolution. The microsatellite analysis indicated the presence of highly polymorphic, randomly distributed populations of B. bassiana with variable host range and apparently no host-specificity. We, however, observed region-wise clustering of the populations within B. bassiana sensu stricto from India.
Clinical Presentation of Splenomegaly at Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Rwanda-A Retrospective Descriptive Study

INTRODUCTION: Splenomegaly is a common condition in malaria endemic region and is frequently associated with cytopenias. Splenomegaly is usually a clinical finding, but imaging studies have helped to assess for or confirm it. Evaluating the clinico-hematological presentation of splenomegaly at the biggest referral hospital in Rwanda would bring important information to the clinicians. METHODS: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at Kigali University Teaching Hospital, medical department, for a period of one year. We reviewed patients’ charts admitted with the conditions known to be associated with splenomegaly referring to the available literature, and were enrolled if found to have it. Demographic, clinical, hematological and radiological information was extracted, then descriptive analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 1950 patients’ files were examined, and 117 (6%) patients had splenomegaly. The mean age was 39 years, and women were predominant (55.5%). Many cases of splenomegaly were detected on admission (49.6%), at stages II (33.3%) and III (23.1%). Many patients had no symptoms of splenomegaly (30.7%), others had features of anaemia (22.2%), and infection (25.6%). Abdominal ultrasound was the imaging of choice to evaluate the spleen size, and has discovered splenomegaly in 28.2% of cases after clinical examination was unremarkable. The main causes of splenomegaly were Hyper-reactive Malarial Splenomegaly (21.4%) and portal hypertension (19.6%). CONCLUSION: Splenomegaly is a frequent condition and more prevalent in the eastern province, it was detected on admission at a moderate stage and associated with hemolysis in many cases.
Effects of Peer Tutoring and Reversed Jigsaw Instructional Strategies on Senior Secondary School Science Students’ Interest and Achievement in Katsina State, Nigeria

This study examined the effect of Peer Tutoring and Reversed Jigsaw Instructional Strategies on senior secondary school science students’ interest and achievement. Quasi experimental research design was employed for the study. The sample for study comprised one hundred and fifteen SS II Science students from three intact classes randomly selected from three public coeducation schools in Katsina North Senatorial District of Katsina State, Nigeria. Two instruments were used for data collection namely; Students’ Interest in Science and rating scale (SISRAS) and Science Students’ Achievement Test (SSAT). SISRAS contained 20 items designed to determine students’ interest in Science. The reliability of SISRAS was determined using Cronbach Alpha and the coefficient obtained was 0.77 while KuderRichardson formula 21 (K-R21) was used to determine the reliability of SSAT and the reliability coefficient was found to be 0.80 implying that the instruments were reliable enough for the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the research hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level of significance. Findings from the study have revealed a significant difference between the achievement of Science students in Peer Tutoring, Reversed Jigsaw instructional strategies and conventional Demonstration method in favour of the two instructional strategies. This result indicates that the instructional strategies are more effective in enhancing Science students’ interest and achievement than the conventional demonstration method. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that; Science teachers should incorporate Peer Tutoring and Reversed Jigsaw instructional strategies into the teaching of Science in secondary schools in Kastina State.
Is Curcumin an Effective Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder?

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not curcumin is an effective treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review of three peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2017. DATA SOURCES: Two of the studies were randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. The third study was a randomized controlled trial. All three studies were chosen due to relevance to the clinical question and if they included patient oriented outcomes. The studies were found using PubMed. OUTCOMES MEASURED: The outcomes of the studies were measured using self-report scales on each patient’s mood. The scales used were the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology selfrated version (IDS-SR30) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, 17-item version (HAMD17). RESULTS: The first Lopresti et al. article found statistically significant positive changes in symptoms for patients with MDD, the sample size was not very large, which makes the study not very generalizable. The Sanmukhani study found that curcumin was as effective as fluoxetine during the range of the study, but the study only lasted six weeks. Finally, Lopresti’s second published study found that there was not statistically significant data to support curcumin as a treatment for MDD. CONCLUSIONS: The results of these three studies vary, showing that curcumin has the potential to be beneficial. However, further research is needed that includes larger sample sizes and longer trial durations.
ADVANCED WIDE AREA FAULT LOCATION AND CLASSIFICATION USING PHASOR MEASUREMENTS UNITS

Electric power systems are frequently subjected to different failures. The majority of these failures, i.e. faults, are related to transmission networks. In case of any fault, the faulty line should be isolated to overcome the hazards related to that fault and to minimize the damage impact on the faulty element. This action must be done as fast and accurate as possible. This paper presents a proposed technique for wide area protection of power systems based on phasor measurement units. The proposed technique provides rapid, accurate, and reliable fault detection, classification, and location algorithms. Firstly, the technique detects the faulty line in the transmission networks, and then it classifies the faulty phase. Finally, it detects the fault location on the specified transmission line. The proposed algorithm is based on measuring both synchronized currents and voltages at transmission line terminals. The technique is tested on homogenous and non-homogenous single circuit and double circuit transmission lines of an IEEE-9 bus system. The simulations results prove the applicability and accuracy of the proposed technique.
The Proceedings of 14th Australian Digital Forensics Conference, 5-6 December 2016, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia

The lower bandwidth of mobile devices has until recently filtered the range of attacks on the Internet. However, recent research shows that DOS and DDOS attacks, worms and viruses, and a whole range of social engineering attacks are impacting on broadband smartphone users. In our research we have developed a metric-based system to detect the traditional slow attacks that can be effective using limited resources, and then employed combinations of Internet trace back techniques to identify sources of attacks. Our research question asked: What defence mechanisms are effective? We critically evaluate the available literature to appraise the current state of the problem area and then propose an innovative solution for the detection and investigation of attacks.
Curtain color and lighting program in broiler production: III-thermal comfort

The objective of this study was to evaluate the thermal comfort of broilers reared under two lighting programs (almost continuous and intermittent) in broiler houses with yellow or blue lateral curtains. The experiment was carried out from June 24, 2004 until May 12, 2005. Six consecutive flocks were housed in four 12 × 10 m broilers houses internally divided into four pens of 200 birds each. Six flocks were raised on the same litter. The registration of data was accomplished at 3-hour intervals, for 24 hours twice a week. In the center of each pen and outside the house, dry and wet bulb temperatures, black globe temperature, and air velocity were collected. Based on the data collected at each time, air temperature (AT) (oC), black globe humidity temperature index (BGHTI), radiant thermal load (RTL) (W/m2), and relative air humidity (RH) were determined. Harmonic analysis was used to estimate m, R, and f parameters. In general, the best results in terms of thermal comfort for the birds were found when near-continuous lighting program and yellow curtain were used.
Additive biomass equations for small diameter trees of temperate mixed deciduous forests

ABSTRACT The carbon stored in small diameter trees of temperate forests has been ignored in most studies and there is a lack of biomass equations for this component of forests. We harvested nine main tree species at sapling stage (dbh < 8 cm) across different site conditions (from 100 to 1700 m a.s.l). For each species, 10–12 individuals were selected randomly and harvested. Using nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression (NSUR), additive species-independent equations were developed for estimation of biomass of foliage, branch, bole, and total based on dbh, height, and wood density as predictors. Results showed that wood density and height had high effects on equations performance except for the foliage equations. Comparing actual and estimated biomass for each species revealed that these equations can be used for new species in similar forests.
The genus Boccardia (Polychaeta: Spionidae) associated with mollusc shells on the south coast of South Africa

Three species of Boccardia (B. polybranchia, B. pseudonatrix and B. proboscidea) were associated with mollusc shells on the south and south-east coasts of South Africa. Boccardia polybranchia was widely distributed along the coast and falls within the known distribution range of this species. Comparisons with material from other, international, locations showed that some specimens have been misidentified. No characters could be found to characterize distinct species for different regions within the range of B. polybranchia, as currently recognized. Boccardia pseudonatrix was found only at the most eastern site, increasing its known distribution range. Boccardia proboscidea, a non-indigenous species, was found only on abalone farms and was most abundant in the west.
Firms Attributes, Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and the Financial Performance of Listed Companies in Nigeria

The legitimacy theory gives credence to why firms strive to ensure that their overall value system does not oppose those of the larger society in which they operate while simultaneously enhancing their performance and narrowing the presumed gap between their activities and societal expectations. Therefore, hinged on the legitimacy theory, this study focused on assessing the interrelationship between firms? attributes, corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and measures of financial performance of firms. Secondary data were collated from the financial reports of a sample of 29 listed Nigerian firms in the financial service sector over a 10-year period (2009-2018). Estimation was based on the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. We observed that measures of firm performance, firm value and capital structure exert significant influence on CSR disclosure respectively; but the same was not the case for ownership structure and board attributes. We also found that firm value, capital structure, ownership structure and board attributes do not have significant influence on the financial performance of firms. We therefore recommend that while eschewing from financing asset acquisition through debts, reporting entities should be more involved in environmental engagements; and costs associated with such engagements should be reported alongside their respective mainstream financial reports.
Structural characteristics and chemical composition of birch (Betula pendula) leaves are modified by increasing CO2 and ozone

Impacts of ozone and CO2 enrichment, alone and in combination, on leaf anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics, nutrient status and cell wall chemistry in two European silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) clones were studied. The young soil‐growing trees were exposed in open‐top chambers over three growing seasons to 2 × ambient CO2 and/or ozone concentrations in central Finland. The trees were measured for changes in altogether 35 variables of leaf structure, nutrients and cell wall chemistry of green leaves, and 20 of the measured variables were affected by CO2 and/or O3. Elevated CO2 increased the size of chloroplasts and starch grains, number of mitochondria, P : N ratio, and contents of cell wall hemicellulose. Elevated CO2 decreased the total leaf thickness, specific leaf area, concentrations of N, K, Cu, S and Fe, and contents of cell wall α‐cellulose, uronic acids, acid‐soluble lignin and acetone‐soluble extractives. Elevated ozone led to thinner leaves, higher palisade to spongy ratio, increased number of peroxisomes and mitochondria, reduced content of Mn, Zn, Cu, hemicellulose and uronic acids, and lower Mn : N and Zn : N ratios. In the combined exposure, interactions were antagonistic. Ultrastructural changes became more evident towards the end of the exposure. Young leaves were tolerant against ozone‐caused oxidative stress, whereas oxidative H2O2 accumulation was found in older leaves. CO2 enrichment improved ozone tolerance not only through increased photosynthesis rates, but also through changes in cell wall chemistry (hemicellulose, in particular). However, nutrient imbalances due to ozone and/or CO2 may predispose the trees to other biotic and abiotic stresses. Down‐regulation and up‐regulation of photosynthesis under elevated CO2 through anatomical changes is discussed.
DIMENSIONS AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF TOADFISH GILLS

1. This analysis of the measurement from the gills of about 60 toadfish using log/log transformation has shown that the gill area and its constituent parts increases with body weight as follows:Total area (mm2) = 560.7 W0.79 Total filament length(mm) = 302.1 W0.485 Secondary lamellae/mm on one side of filament = 15.99 W-0.075 Average bilateral area of a secondary lamella (mm2) = 0.06 W0.3722. A comparison with the corresponding data for other fish, particularly tunas, shows differences in the values of these relationships and confirms the general conclusion that the gills of more sluggish fish have a smaller number of larger secondary lamellae and relatively wider spaces through which the water flows.3. An electron microscope study of the toadfish secondary lamella has shown the same basic structure as in other teleost fish but the collagen layer of the basement membrane is especially thick. Also noticeable are distinct lymphoid spaces between the two epithelial layers and the presence of stages in the de.
Modeling of Stochastic Ca 2 + Signals

It has been shown that IP 3 R channels are distributed in clusters on the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, generating Ca 2 + signals on multiple scales, from local puffs to global intra-and intercellular waves. Local Ca 2 + puffs released from a cluster of IP 3 R s are strongly stochastic. The most obvious source of noise for puffs is the small number of channels within a cluster. In this chapter we discuss the simulation of stochastic Ca 2 + signals. Various simulation methods such as the Gillespie algorithm, a two-state Markovian chain, and gate-based and channel-based Langevin approaches have been introduced for use in the study of stochastic gating dynamics of IP 3 R channels. Combining the stochastic channel dynamics with the deterministic simulation the Ca 2 + diffusion process, the ﬂuctuating Ca 2 + signals, including puffs and both intra-and intercellular waves, can be investigated by hybrid models.