Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prehospital triage and direct transport of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction to primary percutaneous coronary intervention centres: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) appears to be superior to in-hospital fibrinolysis for most patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, few hospitals have PCI capability. The optimal prehospital strategy for facilitating rapid coronary reperfusion in STEMI patients is unclear. We sought to determine whether direct transport of adult STEMI patients by emergency medical services to primary PCI centres improves 30-day all-cause mortality when compared with a strategy of transportation to the closest hospital. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane "CENTRAL" database (1980-July 2007) and several other electronic databases. Two authors independently as sessed citations for relevance. Two authors independently abstracted data from included studies. We included studies that, 1) transported patients directly to a PCI-capable centre for primary PCI, 2) had a control group that was transported to the closest hospital and 3) reported outcomes of treatment time intervals, all-cause mortality, reinfarction rate, stroke rate or the frequency of cardiogenic shock. We used a random effects model to provide pooled estimates of relative risk (RR) when data allowed. RESULTS We identified 2264 citations with the search. Five studies, including 980 STEMI patients, met inclusion criteria, and were clinically heterogeneous and of variable quality. Most studies were European (3/5) and involved physician out-of-hospital care providers. There was a trend toward increased survival with direct transport to primary PCI but this was not statistically significant (RR 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-1.10). One study reported nonsignificant reductions in reinfarction (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.11-1.60) and stroke (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01-8.06) with direct transport for primary PCI. CONCLUSION There is insufficient evidence to support the effectiveness of direct transport of patients with STEMI for primary PCI when compared with transportation to the closest hospital.
Bioindicator of Genotoxicity: The Allium cepa Test

Solange Bosio Tedesco1,2 and Haywood Dail Laughinghouse IV3,4 1Graduate Program in Agrobiology, Department of Biology Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 2Graduate Program in Agronomy, UFSM, Santa Maria 3National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 4College of Computer, Mathematical & Natural Sciences University of Maryland, College Park, MD 1,2RS Brazil 3,4USA
The Dynamics of the Southwest Monsoon Current in 2016 from High-Resolution In Situ Observations and Models

The strong stratification of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) causes rapid variations in sea surface temperature (SST) that influence the development of monsoon rainfall systems. This stratification is driven by the salinity difference between the fresh surface waters of the northern bay and the supply of warm, salty water by the Southwest Monsoon Current (SMC). Despite the influence of the SMC on monsoon dynamics, observations of this current during the monsoon are sparse. Using data from high-resolution in situ measurements along an east–west section at 8°N in the southern BoB, we calculate that the northward transport during July 2016 was between 16.7 and 24.5 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1), although up to ⅔ of this transport is associated with persistent recirculating eddies, including the Sri Lanka Dome. Comparison with climatology suggests the SMC in early July was close to the average annual maximum strength. The NEMO 1/12° ocean model with data assimilation is found to faithfully represent the variability of the SMC and associated water masses. We show how the variability in SMC strength and position is driven by the complex interplay between local forcing (wind stress curl over the Sri Lanka Dome) and remote forcing (Kelvin and Rossby wave propagation). Thus, various modes of climatic variability will influence SMC strength and location on time scales from weeks to years. Idealized one-dimensional ocean model experiments show that subsurface water masses advected by the SMC significantly alter the evolution of SST and salinity, potentially impacting Indian monsoon rainfall.
The baryon mass function for galaxy clusters

Context. The evolution of the cluster abundance with redshift is known to be a powerful cosmological constraint when applied to X-ray clusters. Recently, the evolution of the baryon mass function has been proposed as a new variant that is free of the uncertainties present in the temperature-mass relation. A flat model with Ω M ≃ 0.3 was shown to be preferred in the case of a standard cold dark matter scenario. Aims. We compared the high redshift predictions of the baryon mass in clusters with data for a more general class of spectra with a varying shape factor r without any restriction to the standard cold dark matter scenario in models normalized to reproduce the local baryon mass function. Methods. Using various halo mass functions existing in the literature we evaluated the corresponding baryon mass functions for the case of the non-standard power spectra mentioned previously. Results. We found that models with Ω M ≃ 1 and Γ ≃ 0,12 reproduce high redshift cluster data just as well as the concordance model does. Conclusions. Finally, we conclude that the baryon mass function evolution alone does not efficiently discriminate between the more general family of flat cosmological models with non-standard power spectra.
CloudScale: elastic resource scaling for multi-tenant cloud systems

Elastic resource scaling lets cloud systems meet application service level objectives (SLOs) with minimum resource provisioning costs. In this paper, we present CloudScale, a system that automates fine-grained elastic resource scaling for multi-tenant cloud computing infrastructures. CloudScale employs online resource demand prediction and prediction error handling to achieve adaptive resource allocation without assuming any prior knowledge about the applications running inside the cloud. CloudScale can resolve scaling conflicts between applications using migration, and integrates dynamic CPU voltage/frequency scaling to achieve energy savings with minimal effect on application SLOs. We have implemented CloudScale on top of Xen and conducted extensive experiments using a set of CPU and memory intensive applications (RUBiS, Hadoop, IBM System S). The results show that CloudScale can achieve significantly higher SLO conformance than other alternatives with low resource and energy cost. CloudScale is non-intrusive and light-weight, and imposes negligible overhead (< 2% CPU in Domain 0) to the virtualized computing cluster.
USING ARTICULATORY KNOWLEDGE IN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION

Over the years researchers have proposed various solutions to the problems of automatic speech recognition. As a result, different types of speech recognizers have been developed. During the last decade it has appeared that speech recognizers based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) usually have a better performance than other types of speech recognizers, like e.g. rule-based speech recognizers. Probably this is due to a combination of several factors. Two important differences between rule-based and HMM-based recognizers are (1) that the first use mainly deterministic rules while the latter use a kind of stochastic rules; and (2) that in rule-based recognizers local decisions are often made (i.e. whether a segment is voiced or not), while in HMM-based systems one overall probabilistic decision is made.
A new human B-lymphocyte surface antigen (BL 2) detectable by a hybridoma monoclonal antibody: distribution on benign and malignant lymphoid cells.

A hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibody, produced by immunization with the Burkitt's tumor-derived B-lymphoblastoid cell line, B35M, was previously shown to detect a 68,000 dalton surface membrane protein, BL2, on the surface of peripheral blood B cells, which is absent from thymocytes, T cells, and granulocytes. In this study, we investigated the expression and distribution of BL2 on benign and malignant human lymphoid cells. Indirect immunofluorescent assay with this monoclonal antibody demonstrated that BL2 is expressed by cells within the fetal liver and by a variable proportion of lymph node, tonsil, and spleen B cells, but not by T cells. The neoplastic cells isolated from 18 T-cell malignancies were BL2- . BL2 was was heterogeneously expressed by a variable proportion of the malignant cells in 29/32 cases of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 33/38 cases of B-cell lymphomas, but appeared to be lost in the terminal stages of B-cell differentiation, as myeloma plasma cells were BL2- . BL2 expression was not limited to B cells of a particular surface immunoglobulin isotype. Immunofluorescent staining for BL2 in cryostat tissue sections demonstrated that the majority, but not all, germinal center and interfollicular Ia+ (non-T) cells are BL2+. These findings suggest that BL2 is a B-cell lineage-specific differentiation marker that may be useful in the study of B-cell ontogeny and in defining subgroups of the B-cell malignancies.
Platinum group element geochemistry and whole‐rock systematics of the Vempalle sills, Cuddapah Basin, India: Implications on sulphur saturation history, mantle processes, and tectonic setting

The intracratonic Cuddapah Basin of southern peninsular India has multiple phases of magmatism exposed as mafic intrusives and extrusives in the Vempalle and Tadpatri formations. We report platinum group element geochemistry along with whole‐rock systematics of the mafic sills from the Vempalle Formation to understand their sulphur saturation history, source characteristics, and tectonic setting. These sills are medium‐ to fine‐grained dolerites with plagioclase and pyroxenes as essential minerals exhibiting sub‐ophitic to intergranular texture. Geochemically, they are characterized by moderate MgO (6.3–8.5 wt.%), Ni (55–105 ppm), Cr (20–130 ppm), and ∑PGE (22–61 ppb) contents and exhibit transitional to calc‐alkaline in nature. Primitive mantle‐ and chondrite‐normalized trace and rare earth element patterns display relative enrichment of LILE–LREE over HFSE, suggesting plume‐related intraplate magmatism with contributions from subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), lithosphere–asthenosphere interaction, crustal contamination, and fractional crystallization. Their REE relationship indicates the generation of parent magma from a heterogeneous source marked by 10–25% polybaric partial melting within spinel and garnet lherzolite domain. Platinum group elements (PGE) geochemistry reveals their sulphur‐undersaturated nature, and sulphide fractionation played a key role in the distribution of PGEs, which is evidenced by their enriched character, moderate degrees of partial melting, and crustal contamination. Further, the negative platinum anomalies in these sills indicate its removal during fractional crystallization, and the enrichment of Pd over Pt endorses the decoupling nature of these elements prior to their emplacement. Diagnostic trace element signatures and their relationship corroborate a riftogenic intraplate tectonic regime for the emplacement of the Vempalle sills through an ocean–continent transition zone.
Giant Cell Tumor of the Patellar Tendon Sheath: A Rare Case of Anterior Knee Pain

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is a benign, proliferative lesion of the synovium of the joint, the bursa, and the tendon sheath. We report a case of intra-articular, localized GCTTS arising from the patellar tendon, which is a rare cause of anterior knee pain. The diagnosis may be delayed due to non-specific symptoms and normal plain radiographic findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is diagnostic to detect the lesion, but several other clinical entities and lesions should be evaluated in the differential diagnosis. The treatment of choice is a total excision of the lesion without leaving residual tumor tissue, in order to reduce the risk of recurrence. We present a patient with GCTTS of the patellar tendon and discuss its clinical and radiographic characteristics, differential diagnosis, pathology, and treatment.
Hybrid knowledge-infused collaborative filtering for enhanced movie clustering and recommendation

This article proposes an enhanced knowledge-based collaborative filtering model for movie recommendation services to address the limitations of collaborative filtering in capturing the diverse preferences and specific characteristics of movies. The proposed model integrates external knowledge sources, such as movie plots and reviews, to enrich the recommendation process. By leveraging this additional information, the model can better understand movies’ unique features and attributes, improving recommendation accuracy and relevance. The knowledge-based features are extracted and incorporated into the collaborative filtering framework, enhancing the model’s ability to match user preferences with movie characteristics. Experiments are conducted using the MovieLens dataset to evaluate the proposed model. The MAE and RMSE metrics are employed to assess the quality of recommendations. Comparative analyses are conducted against various baseline approaches, including popularity-based, CF-based, content-based, and hybrid recommendation models. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed knowledge-based collaborative filtering model. The proposed model consistently outperforms the baselines, providing more accurate and personalized recommendations.
FPGAs Enable Energy-Efficient Motor Control in Next-Generation Smart Home Appliances

For years, smart appliances used general-purpose electronic devices, such as microcontroller units (MCU) and digital signal processing (DSP) blocks, to manage functionalities such as the user interface and motor control. The performance of these devices is limited because these are made with generic hardware, leaving software as the only method to create application-specific functions by the home-appliance designer.
Reliability-Aware Speedup Models for Parallel Applications with Coordinated Checkpointing/Restart

Speedup models are powerful analytical tools for evaluating and predicting the performance of parallel applications. Unfortunately, the well-known speedup models like Amdahl's law and Gustafson's law do not take reliability into consideration and therefore cannot accurately account for application performance in the presence of failures. In this study, we enhance Amdahl's law and Gustafson's law by considering the impact of failures and the effect of coordinated checkpointing/restart. Unlike existing analytical studies relying on Exponential failure distribution alone, in this work we consider both Exponential and Weibull failure distributions in the construction of our reliability-aware speedup models. The derived reliability-aware models are validated through trace-based simulations under a variety of parameter settings. Our trace-based simulations demonstrate these models can effectively quantify failure impact on application speedup. Moreover, we present two case studies to illustrate the use of these reliability-aware speedup models.
To Switch or Not To Switch

The authors designed and ran an experiment to measure social influence in online recommender systems, specifically, how often people’s choices are changed by others’ recommendations when facing different levels of confirmation and conformity pressures. In this experiment, participants were first asked to provide their preference from pairs of items. They were then asked to make second choices about the same pairs with knowledge of other people’s preferences. The results show that other people’s opinions significantly sway people’s own choices. The influence is stronger when people are required to make their second decision sometime later (22.4%) rather than immediately (14.1%). Moreover, people seem to be most likely to reverse their choices when facing a moderate, as opposed to large, number of opposing opinions. Finally, the time people spend making the first decision significantly predicts whether they will reverse their decisions later on, whereas demographics such as age and gender do not. These results have implications for consumer behavior research as well as online marketing strategies.
Architectures for computer supported collaborative learning

Four architectures for computer supported collaborative learning systems are analyzed using the model-view-controller design pattern and compared from the standpoints of coupling between activities of the users and suitability for educational use, as well as network load and ease of implementation. The architectures are illustrated with examples from the developmental history of Belvedere, an environment for collaborative construction of knowledge representations during problem solving. A hybrid architecture that supports model-level coupling is shown to provide the best design tradeoffs.
Time-Dependent Inhibition and Estimation of CYP3A Clinical Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interactions Using Plated Human Cell Systems

The current studies assessed the utility of freshly plated hepatocytes, cryopreserved plated hepatocytes, and cryopreserved plated HepaRG cells for the estimation of inactivation parameters kinact and KI for CYP3A. This was achieved using a subset of CYP3A time-dependent inhibitors (fluoxetine, verapamil, clarithromycin, troleandomycin, and mibefradil) representing a range of potencies. The estimated kinact and KI values for each time-dependent inhibitor were compared with those obtained using human liver microsomes and used to estimate the magnitude of clinical pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction (DDI). The inactivation kinetic parameter, kinact, was most consistent across systems tested for clarithromycin, verapamil, and troleandomycin, with a high kinact of 0.91 min−1 observed for mibefradil in HepaRG cells. The apparent KI estimates derived from the various systems displayed a range of variability from 3-fold for clarithromycin (5.4–17.7 μM) to 6-fold for verapamil (1.9–12.6 μM). In general, the inactivation kinetic parameters derived from the cell systems tested fairly replicated what was observed in time-dependent inhibition studies using human liver microsomes. Despite some of the observed differences in inactivation kinetic parameters, the estimated DDIs derived from each of the tested systems generally agreed with the clinically reported DDI within approximately 2-fold. In addition, a plated cell approach offered the ability to conduct longer primary incubations (greater than 30 min), which afforded improved ability to identify the weak time-dependent inhibitor fluoxetine. Overall, results from these studies suggest that in vitro inactivation parameters generated from plated cell systems may be a practical approach for identifying time-dependent inhibitors and for estimating the magnitude of clinical DDIs.
Intrusion Detection System Based on Machine Learning Algorithms:( SVM and Genetic Algorithm)

The widespread utilization of the internet and computer systems has resulted in notable security concerns, characterized by a surge in intrusions and vulnerabilities. Malicious users manipulate internal systems, resulting in the exploitation of software flaws and default setups. With the integration of the internet into society, there is an emergence of new risks such as viruses and worms, which highlights the importance of implementing robust security measures. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are security technologies utilized to monitor and analyze network traffic or system activity with the purpose of identifying hostile behavior. This article presents a proposed method for detecting intrusion in network traffic using a hybrid approach, which combines a genetic algorithm and an SVM algorithm. The model underwent training and testing on the KDDCup99 dataset, with a reduction in features from 42 to 29 using the hybrid approach. The results demonstrated that throughout the system testing, it exhibited a remarkable accuracy of 0.999. Additionally, it achieved a true positive value of 0.9987 and a false negative rate of 0.012.
The Santhal: Socio-Economic Miserable Condition and Quality of Life (An Overview of Bantali Rakhasahi Village, Mayurbhanj District, Odisha)

Socio-economic condition signifies an economic and social combined total measure of a person’s work experience and of an individual’s or family’s economic and social position in relation to others; based on income, education and occupation. The tribal population is identified as the aboriginal inhabitants of our country. The Santhal are the third largest tribal communities of India after the Gond and the Bhill with a population over 4.26 million. They are largely distributed in the district of Balasore, Keonjhar, Mayurbhanj and Sundergarh of the state of Odisha. Over fifty percent of the tribal population of the Mayurbhanj district is constituted by the Santhal. The present study makes an attempt to focus on the socio-economic condition of Santhal people of Bantali Rakhasahi village of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha and is an attempt to find out the factors those affect their Socio-Economic conditions. Data have been collected by using different qualitative methods like participant observation, group discussions, interview Scheduled. Sample subjects were drawn randomly from 131Santhal households of the village. Olchiki is their mother tongue. Art, music and dance are highly prized in their culture. Their settled life has made them agricultural community as agriculture is their primary occupation. Their life is intimately connected with the forest and their economy. The community people live more or less in isolation with a very simple lifestyle. They face many problems relating to their day to day life as they are not getting healthy housing facility, proper sanitation facility, proper nutrition, safe drinking water, and other household amenities and so on. For improving their socio-economic conditions some of the basic services should adequately be provided. They need opportunities to develop their socio-economic status. There is a need to put more attention on educational aspects of scheduled tribes, where this only can motivate them for future life. The planners and policymakers have to evolve suitable strategies and formulate relevant policies to enhance tribal development.
Monoamine metabolite concentrations and cholinesterase activities in cerebrospinal fluid of progressive dementia patients: relation to clinical parameters

ABSTRACT— Forty‐five well clinically characterized patients with progressive dementia were investigated for lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine metabolites and cholinesterase activities. Monoamine concentrations were determined by reverse phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and the cholinergic enzymes were measured photometrically. Firstly, all clinical and CSF parameters were studied in statistical cluster analyses to detect groups of variables which demonstrated a high correlation with respect to each other. The CSF transmitter markers were then used in multiple regression models to explain the variance of clinical variables as chosen from the cluster analyses. The degree of dementia, as assessed by global deterioration score (GDS) and activity in daily life (ADL) status, as well as the Alzheimer‐related symptoms dyspraxia and dysphasia, were associated with low AChE activities in CSF. A presumed subgroup of dementia patients clinically characterized by assymmetry of neurological signs, increased unilateral tonus, stepwise progression, and high Hachinski score, showed low HVA concentrations in CSF. These data suggest a coupling of clinical/neurological parameters to different CSF transmitter profils and, thus, that CSF biochemical parameters are of use as antemortem markers in dementia conditions.