Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Price Behavior of Beef and Chicken Meat in Indonesia

Stabilization of food prices is still a strategic issue in Indonesia. This is because most Indonesians use their income mostly for food. Various publications reported that Indonesian food expenditure is approximately half of their income. Therefore, maintaining price stability, including beef and chicken meat price, is a significant policy to design. However, the continuous difficulty in predicting how beef and chicken meat prices behave is another reason for the importance of analyzing the price behavior of these two commodities. This research aims to respond to these problems by analyzing price fluctuations and price trends in beef and chicken meat commodities in Indonesia. The data used is monthly beef and chicken meat prices in Indonesia from January 2018 until December 2022, or 60 observations. Analysis of price fluctuations (instability) and trend analysis is applied. The results show that commodity chicken meat has a higher instability (fluctuation) than beef price. Both beef and chicken meat trend show a quadratic pattern, with an increasing trend for beef and a decreasing trend for chicken meat.
A prospective

Objective: Depression and anxiety are highly comorbid constructs. However little is known about the mechanisms that underpin this comorbidity/connectivity or the divergence between constructs that seems to occur in adolescence. The current study targeted emotion regulation (ER) as a potential plausible mechanism for explaining how anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence might begin to connect, perpetuate, and ultimately diverge from one another. Method: Using data from a cross-sectional school-based study, of adolescent females (age 11- 18 years; N=615; majority were white (97.7%)), we modelled variation in ER using latent profile analysis. Then, using network analysis (NA), we generated separate depression-anxiety symptom networks for adolescents at varying levels of ER. Results: Three latent classes of ER were identified (low ER 15%, intermediate ER 34%, high ER 51%). The results of the network comparison test found no significant differences in global strength between the ‘ low ER ’ and the ‘ intermediate ER ’ ability network. Conclusions: This study is among the first to attempt to model change in depression-anxiety symptom connectivity in adolescence in relation to a common contextual/risk factor. The current study therefore offers a unique contribution to the examination of the role of transdiagnostic factors in the study of adolescent depression and anxiety from a network perspective, and provides a promising framework for the study of ER among anxiety and depression symptomatology in adolescence.
Development and Validation of a HTS Platform for the Discovery of New Antifungal Agents against Four Relevant Fungal Phytopathogens

Fungal phytopathogens are the major agents responsible for causing severe damage to and losses in agricultural crops worldwide. Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium proliferatum, and Magnaporthe grisea are included in the top ten fungal phytopathogens that impose important plant diseases on a broad range of crops. Microbial natural products can be an attractive alternative for the biological control of phytopathogens. The objective of this work was to develop and validate a High-throughput Screening (HTS) platform to evaluate the antifungal potential of chemicals and natural products against these four important plant pathogens. Several experiments were performed to establish the optimal assay conditions that provide the best reproducibility and robustness. For this purpose, we have evaluated two media formulations (SDB and RPMI-1640), several inoculum concentrations (1 × 106, 5 × 105 and 5 × 106 conidia/mL), the germination curves for each strain, each strain’s tolerance to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the Dose Response Curves (DRC) of the antifungal control (Amphotericin B). The assays were performed in 96-well plate format, where absorbance at 620 nm was measured before and after incubation to evaluate growth inhibition, and fluorescence intensity at 570 nm excitation and 615 nm emission was monitored after resazurin addition for cell viability evaluation. Quality control parameters (RZ’ Factors and Signal to Background (S/B) ratios) were determined for each assay batch. The assay conditions were finally validated by titrating 40 known relevant antifungal agents and testing 2400 microbial natural product extracts from the MEDINA Library through both HTS agar-based and HTS microdilution-based set-ups on the four phytopathogens.
Analysis of the Effect of Various Potential Antimicrobial Agents on the Quality of the Unpasteurized Carrot Juice

Short shelf-life and poor microbial quality of minimally processed foods of plant origin pose a serious problem for the food industry. Novel techniques of minimal treatment combined with disinfection are being researched, and, for fresh juice, the addition of antimicrobial agents appears to be a promising route. In this research, fresh, nonfiltered, unpasteurized carrot juice was mixed with four potential antimicrobials (bourbon vanilla extract, peppermint extract, cannabidiol oil, and grapefruit extract). All four variants and the reference pure carrot juice were analyzed for metapopulational changes, microbial changes, and physicochemical changes. The potential antimicrobials used in the research have improved the overall microbial quality of carrot juice across 4 days of storage. However, it is important to notice that each of the four agents had a different spectrum of effectiveness towards the groups identified in the microflora of carrot juice. Additionally, the antimicrobials have increased the diversity of the carrot juice microbiome but did not prevent the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, the use of antimicrobial agents such as essential oils or their derivatives may be a promising way of improving the microbial quality and prolonging the shelf-life of minimally processed foods, such as fresh juices, but the technique requires further research.
A review of the role of liver resection in the treatment of human immuno-deficiency virus-positive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Patients with human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) have increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); this neoplasm apparently behaves more aggressively in this population, leading to worse outcomes. Questions remain regarding the best treatment of HCC in these patients, mainly related to the role of surgical resection. Some studies show that, after transplantation, this group of patients has an overall survival rate comparable to that of uninfected patients. This integrative review assesses and summarize the survival outcome of resection in the treatment of HIV-positive patients with HCC. Integrative review of articles published in English, in PubMed and Scielo databases until October 2021, using the terms: HIV, HCC, and resection. Four publications were analyzed in relation to their content and relevance to the research question. We identified 54 patients who underwent surgical resection, with great variability in overall survival between studies (median between 18 and 72 months); only one study demonstrated disease-free survival. There was also great variability in morbidity and mortality rates after the procedure. All studies were non-comparable. Data regarding the impact of surgical resection on survival in HIV-positive patients with HCC are scarce, and questions remain about the best treatment options with curative intent. Further studies on the topic are needed, given the practical implications for decision-making. Therefore, we suggest that the treatment of these patients should still be conducted similarly to that indicated by the main guidelines on the treatment of patients with HCC, without distinction to HIV serology.
The Effect of Leadership, Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance and Compensation as Moderation Variables

This study aims to examine the influence of leadership, motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance and compensation as a moderation variable of the study on CV. Citiplan in Malang. The sampling technique uses a saturated sampling technique, with all employee of CV. Citiplan which is 47 respondents. The analytical tool used is a moderated regression analysis using SPSS. The instrument in this study is the validity test of the reliability test, the test of classical assumptions. Hypothesis using the T test and uji F using SPSS. The results showed that leadership has a significant influence on employee performance, motivation has a significant influence on employee performance, job satisfaction has a significant influence on employee performance. Leadership, motivation, job satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Compensation moderates on the influence of leadership, motivation, work integrity on employee performance.
Ecological indexes and phytoplankton structure of urban reservoirs supplied by estuarine waters and under the effects of seasonality (Belém, Pará, Brazil)

Ecological indices are used in the study of phytoplankton because they are related to their productivity and can describe the stresses caused by anthropogenic impacts on the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytoplankton structure and the application of ecological indices in the monitoring of water quality in public supply reservoirs in Belém (Pará). Monthly sampling occurred in four stations in the Bologna and Água Preta reservoirs from January to October/2019, to determine the abiotic and biotic factors and the calculation of ecological indices. Turbidity, transparency, precipitation and dissolved oxygen were the main abiotic variables that differentiated the reservoirs, evidencing the estuarine, seasonal and anthropogenic influence on species distribution. A total of 187 phytoplankton species were identified with representation of diatoms. In January, Água Preta reservoir presented lower diversity (2.14 ± 0.58 nats.ind-1), equitability (0.57 ± 0.14) and higher dominance (0.25 ± 0.19) with the species Trachelomonas volvocina in higher density, contrary to June that presented higher diversity and equitability and no species dominance. The Bolonha reservoir showed lower richness (8.3 ± 1.9), diversity (1.2 ± 0.5 nats.ind-1) and equitability (0.32 ± 0.12) with dominance of the species Gonyostomum sp. (0.55 ± 0.19). In this sense, the Água Preta reservoir was considered diverse with species well distributed in the environment, while the Bolonha reservoir showed low diversity and dominance of a phytoplankton species. Ecological indices describe well the spatio-temporal variation of phytoplankton in these reservoirs and are a good approach in monitoring environmental quality.
Enhancing quality of teaching and learning sciences through multimedia in selected secondary schools in Rwanda

The main purpose of this article is to highlight the role of multimedia in improving the quality of teaching and learning sciences in selected secondary schools in Rwanda. Specifically, it explores importance of using multimedia in teaching and learning sciences, extent to which science teachers use multimedia, impact of multimedia on students’ performance, and challenges encountered in using multimedia. The Cognitive Constructivist Theory of Multimedia (CCTM) guided this paper and it adopted the Static-Group Pretest-Posttest Research design whereby two existing classrooms were used: one as treatment group and another one as control group. 40 teachers randomly selected were involved in this research and data were gathered through document review guide, questionnaire as well as a test. The analysis of qualitative data was done thematically and percentages, means, standard deviation and t-test were used for quantitative data. Findings were presented in tables and verbatim. The paper noted that multimedia is poorly provided and teachers rarely use them in teaching. It further noted that multimedia has a significant impact on students’ performance. The paper recommended to provide more multimedia and use them for effective teaching and learning of sciences.
Expression of the ggpPS gene for glucosylglycerol biosynthesis from Azotobacter vinelandii improves the salt tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana

Many organisms accumulate compatible solutes in response to salt or desiccation stress. Moderate halotolerant cyanobacteria and some heterotrophic bacteria synthesize the compatible solute glucosylglycerol (GG) as their main protective compound. In order to analyse the potential of GG to improve salt tolerance of higher plants, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed with the ggpPS gene from the γ-proteobacterium Azotobacter vinelandii coding for a combined GG-phosphate synthase/phosphatase. The heterologous expression of the ggpPS gene led to the accumulation of high amounts of GG. Three independent Arabidopsis lines showing different GG contents were characterized in growth experiments. Plants containing a low (1–2 μmol g−1 FM) GG content in leaves showed no altered growth performance under control conditions but an increased salt tolerance, whereas plants accumulating a moderate (2–8 μmol g−1 FM) or a high GG content (around 17 μmol g−1 FM) showed growth retardation and no improvement of salt resistance. These results indicate that the synthesis of the compatible solute GG has a beneficial effect on plant stress tolerance as long as it is accumulated to an extent that does not negatively interfere with plant metabolism.
MR Parametric Mapping as a Biomarker of Early Joint Degeneration

Context: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, worldwide disorder. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can directly and noninvasively evaluate articular cartilage and has emerged as an essential tool in the study of OA. Evidence Acquisition: A PubMed search was performed using the keywords quantitative MRI and cartilage. No limits were set on the range of years searched. Articles were reviewed for relevance with an emphasis on in vivo studies performed at 3 tesla. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: T2, T2*, T1 (particularly when measured after exogenous contrast administration, such as with the delayed gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of cartilage [dGEMRIC] technique), and T1ρ are among the most widely utilized quantitative MR imaging techniques to evaluate cartilage and have been implemented in various patient cohorts. Existing challenges include reproducibility of results, insufficient consensus regarding optimal sequences and parameters, and interpretation of values. Conclusion: Quantitative assessment of cartilage using MR imaging techniques likely represents the best opportunity to identify early cartilage degeneration and to follow patients after treatment. Despite existing challenges, ongoing work and unique approaches have shown exciting and promising results.
Recovering Packet Collisions below the Noise Floor in Multi-gateway LoRa Networks

LoRa has been widely applied in various vertical areas such as smart grids, smart cities, etc. Packet collisions caused by concurrent transmissions have become one of the major limitations of LoRa networks due to the ALOHA MAC protocol and dense deployment. The existing studies on packet recovery usually assume that the collided packet signals are above the noise floor. However, considering the large-scale deployment and low-power nature of LoRa communications, many collided packets are below the noise floor. Consequently, the existing schemes will suffer from significant performance degradation in practical LoRa networks. To address this issue, we propose CPR, a Cooperative Packet Recovery mechanism aiming at recovering the collided packets below the noise floor. CPR firstly employs the incoherence of signals and noises at multiple gateways to detect and extract the frequency features of the collided packets hidden in the noise. Then, CPR adopts a novel gateway selection strategy to select the most appropriate gateways based on their packet power domain features extracted from collision detection, such that the interference can be eliminated and the original packets can be recovered. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that CPR can significantly increase the symbol recovery ratio in low-SNR scenarios.
Using AquaCrop model to derive deficit irrigation schedules for improved irrigation water management for tomato production in Zimbabwe

Increasing scarcity and unreliability of rainfall, and the absence of irrigation schedules are challenges to decision-making, particularly for viable tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) production in Zimbabwe. The objective of this study was to determine water requirements of tomato as a basis for developing generic calendar guidelines for a more efficient irrigation management in Harare, Zimbabwe. We explored the options of improving the traditional, dry and supplementary wet season irrigation practices. By considering the archived climate data of thirty years (1991-2021) for Harare; and model-simulated consumptive water use from 2014 to 2017 at Thornpark Research Station, together with the crop and soil characteristics; and the irrigation method; an irrigation calendar was developed using the AquaCrop model 5.0. The improved irrigation schedule for dry season tomato cultivation at 60% ETc, resulted in water use of 471.6 mm, with a yield of 3.40 t ha-1; compared to water use of 820 mm and a yield of 1.118 t ha-1; for the wet season. Through this model, we have been able to estimate the time interval between the previous irrigation and the next irrigation for any date in the growing season. Therefore, year-round irrigated tomato production may be feasible with an added yield advantage of 2.28 t ha-1 obtainable using water and rainy periods.
Stress circuitry: mechanisms behind nervous and immune system communication that influence behavior

Inflammatory processes are increased by stress and contribute to the pathology of mood disorders. Stress is thought to primarily induce inflammation through peripheral and central noradrenergic neurotransmission. In healthy individuals, these pro-inflammatory effects are countered by glucocorticoid signaling, which is also activated by stress. In chronically stressed individuals, the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids are impaired, allowing pro-inflammatory effects to go unchecked. Mechanisms underlying this glucocorticoid resistance are well understood, but the precise circuits and molecular mechanisms by which stress increases inflammation are not as well known. In this narrative review, we summarize the mechanisms by which chronic stress increases inflammation and contributes to the onset and development of stress-related mood disorders. We focus on the neural substrates and molecular mechanisms, especially those regulated by noradrenergic signaling, that increase inflammatory processes in stressed individuals. We also discuss key knowledge gaps in our understanding of the communication between nervous and immune systems during stress and considerations for future therapeutic strategies. Here we highlight the mechanisms by which noradrenergic signaling contributes to inflammatory processes during stress and how this inflammation can contribute to the pathology of stress-related mood disorders. Understanding the mechanisms underlying crosstalk between the nervous and immune systems may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for mood disorders and/or provide important considerations for treating immune-related diseases in individuals suffering from stress-related disorders.
DISTRIBUTION OF FOODPLANT CHEMORECEPTORS ON THE FEMALE FLORIDA QUEEN BUTTERFLY, DANAUS GILIPPUS BERENICE (NYMPHALIDAE)

Fox (1966) considers the structure of the pro thoracic legs of butterflies and relates this to their possible chemosensory function. He points out that in the nymphalid butterflies the forelegs are greatly reduced. The forelegs of the males of these butterflies lack the post-tarsus and have fusion of the tarsal subsegments while the females have forelegs reduced in size without loss of any parts. Further study by Fox revealed that the foretarsi of females in all families of the Nymphaloidea have clusters of trichoid sensilla associated with spines on the tarsi which were not found on the fore tarsi of males or on the mid-or hindtarsi of either sex. Fox relates this finding to the work of Ilse (1937) who reported that Pieris brassicae females, placed on a green surface would drum the sUlface with their forelegs. In his own experiments Fox observed three species of nymphalids to scrape with their forelegs the surface on which they were rested
American Thyroid Association Guidelines on the Management of Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Task Force Review and Recommendation on the Proposed Renaming of Encapsulated Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Without Invasion to Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with

American Thyroid Association (ATA) leadership asked the ATA Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Guidelines Task Force to review, comment on, and make recommendations related to the suggested new classification of encapsulated follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (eFVPTC) without capsular or vascular invasion to noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). The task force consists of members from the 2015 guidelines task force with the recusal of three members who were authors on the paper under review. Four pathologists and one endocrinologist were added for this specific review. The manuscript proposing the new classification and related literature were assessed. It is recommended that the histopathologic nomenclature for eFVPTC without invasion be reclassified as a NIFTP, given the excellent prognosis of this neoplastic variant. This is a weak recommendation based on moderate-quality evidence. It is also noted that prospective studies are needed to validate the observed patient outcomes (and test performance in predicting thyroid cancer outcomes), as well as implications on patients' psychosocial health and economics.
DAGC: Data-Aware Adaptive Gradient Compression

Gradient compression algorithms are widely used to alleviate the communication bottleneck in distributed ML. However, existing gradient compression algorithms suffer from accuracy degradation in Non-IID scenarios, because a uniform compression scheme is used to compress gradients at workers with different data distributions and volumes, since workers with larger volumes of data are forced to adapt to the same aggressive compression ratios as others. Assigning different compression ratios to workers with different data distributions and volumes is thus a promising solution. In this study, we first derive a function from capturing the correlation between the number of training iterations for a model to converge to the same accuracy, and the compression ratios at different workers; This function particularly shows that workers with larger data volumes should be assigned with higher compression ratios1 to guarantee better accuracy. Then, we formulate the assignment of compression ratios to the workers as an n-variables chi-square nonlinear optimization problem under fixed and limited total communication constrain. We propose an adaptive gradient compression strategy called DAGC, which assigns each worker a different compression ratio according to their data volumes. Our experiments confirm that DAGC can achieve better performance facing highly imbalanced data volume distribution and restricted communication.