Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trait Disinhibition and NoGo Event-Related Potentials in Violent Mentally Disordered Offenders and Healthy Controls

Trait disinhibition may function as a dispositional liability toward maladaptive behaviors relevant in the treatment of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs). Reduced amplitude and prolonged latency of the NoGo N2 and P3 event-related potentials have emerged as promising candidates for transdiagnostic, biobehavioral markers of trait disinhibition, yet no study has specifically investigated these two components in violent, inpatient MDOs. Here, we examined self-reported trait disinhibition, experimentally assessed response inhibition, and NoGo N2 and P3 amplitude and latency in male, violent MDOs (N = 27) and healthy controls (N = 20). MDOs had a higher degree of trait disinhibition, reduced NoGo P3 amplitude, and delayed NoGo P3 latency compared to controls. The reduced NoGo P3 amplitude and delayed NoGo P3 latency in MDOs may stem from deficits during monitoring or evaluation of behavior. NoGo P3 latency was associated with increased trait disinhibition in the whole sample, suggesting that trait disinhibition may be associated with reduced neural efficiency during later stages of outcome monitoring or evaluation. Findings for NoGo N2 amplitude and latency were small and non-robust. With several limitations in mind, this is the first study to demonstrate attenuated NoGo P3 amplitude and delayed NoGo P3 latency in violent, inpatient MDOs compared to healthy controls.
Effect of Alternative Palatal Root Access Technique on Fracture Resistance of Root Canal Treated Maxillary Fourth Premolar Teeth in Dogs

A biomechanical study was performed to identify the effect of different treatment methods for difficult to instrument palatal roots on the fracture resistance of root canal treated maxillary fourth premolar teeth in dogs. Forty maxillary fourth premolar teeth with surrounding alveolar bone were harvested from beagle cadavers. Inclusion criteria included maxillary fourth premolars with no evidence of disease and similar distal root canal volumes on radiographic evaluation. The teeth were randomly divided into a control group and three treatment groups based on the endodontic treatment technique for the palatal root. The control group had a single 2 mm transcoronal access on the mesiobuccal aspect of the tooth to allow instrumentation of both the mesiobuccal and palatal root through a single small access. Alternative treatment modalities that are described for difficult to instrument palatal roots investigated in this study included enlarging the transcoronal mesiobuccal access to 4 mm, making an additional access directly over the palatal root (2 mm), and hemisection with extraction of the palatal root. All teeth had the same distal root access size (2 mm) and relative location. After access, all teeth were filed, shaped, obturated, and restored in the same fashion. Axial compression testing was performed at an angle of 60 degrees to the long axis of the tooth using a universal materials testing machine. The maximum force prior to fracture was determined for each tooth based on a force vs. deflection curve. The mean maximum force prior to fracture for all teeth was 831 N. No significant difference in mean fracture resistance was identified between the control group and treatment groups or between the different treatment groups themselves. Thus, when faced with a difficult to instrument palatal root, the treatment method chosen should be based on operator preference and experience.
A Nomogram Model Identifies Eosinophilic Frequencies to Powerfully Discriminate Kawasaki Disease From Febrile Infections

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of systemic vasculitis that occurs primarily in children under the age of 5 years old. No single laboratory data can currently distinguish KD from other febrile infection diseases. The purpose of this study was to establish a laboratory data model that can differentiate between KD and other febrile diseases caused by an infection in order to prevent coronary artery complications in KD. Methods: This study consisted of a total of 800 children (249 KD and 551 age- and gender-matched non-KD febrile infection illness) as a case-control study. Laboratory findings were analyzed using univariable, multivariable logistic regression, and nomogram models. Results: We selected 562 children at random as the model group and 238 as the validation group. The predictive nomogram included high eosinophil percentage (100 points), high C-reactive protein (93 points), high alanine transaminase (84 points), low albumin (79 points), and high white blood cell (64 points), which generated an area under the curve of 0.873 for the model group and 0.905 for the validation group. Eosinophilia showed the highest OR: 5.015 (95% CI:−3.068–8.197) during multiple logistic regression. The sensitivity and specificity in the validation group were 84.1 and 86%, respectively. The calibration curves of the validation group for the probability of KD showed near an agreement to the actual probability. Conclusion: Eosinophilia is a major factor in this nomogram model and had high precision for predicting KD. This report is the first among the existing literature to demonstrate the important role of eosinophil in KD by nomogram.
Molecular Characterization of Diaporthe Species Associated With Hazelnut Defects

Fungi of the genus Diaporthe have been reported as the main causative agent of hazelnut defects in the Caucasus area. This study aimed to define which fungal species are present in defective hazelnuts grown in Turkey and confirm the role of Diaporthe spp. Seven hazelnut orchards were selected, with each one located in a different Turkish Province (Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, Samsun, Sakarya, Trabzon, and Zonguldak), and hazelnuts were collected at early and full ripening. Fungal isolation and identification were performed at the genus level based on morphological characteristics. Several genera were isolated, with Diaporthe spp. being among the prevalent. This was the only genus with increasing incidence from early to full ripening, and incidence at full ripening was positively correlated both with internal (ρ = 0.86) and visible defects (ρ = 0.81), which confirmed its role as the key causative agent of hazelnut defects. The correlation of defect occurrence with rainfall, reported in previous study, was not confirmed, possibly due to the low defect incidence. A total of 86 Diaporthe monosporic strains isolated from Turkish hazelnut samples, together with 33 strains collected in the Caucasus region and 6 from Italy, were analyzed with a multi-locus phylogeny based on three genomic loci (ITS, EF1-α, and tub). The results showed that Diaporthe strains can be grouped into 7 distinct clades, with a majority of Turkish strains (95%) being placed into a single clade related with D. eres. These samples were organized into several sub-clades, which indicates the existence of genetically diverse sub-populations.
Identifying Factors which Critically Affect Students' Failure in Blended Courses

Our modern era has brought about radical changes in the way courses are delivered. To meet the new challenges, a new course type has emerged, the blended course in the context of which online teaching and conventional instruction are efficiently mixed. This paper demonstrates a way to identify factors affecting students’ critical performance in blended courses through the development of a potent risk model. The risk model is demonstrated in the context of two specific blended courses, sharing the same learning design.
Nitrogen Fertilization Effect on Biomass Yield of Six Different Sorghum bicolor Varieties

Sorghum belongs to the Poaceae family and it is used for its high biomass production. A field experiment was conducted using a factorial splitplot design with three replicates and twenty-four plots per replication. The main factor was the different varieties (V1: Buffalo grain, V2: Elite, V3: Big Kahuna, V4: 25K1009, V5: 4264 and V6: 5D61) and the sub-factor the different nitrogen fertilization levels (N1: 0, N2: 80, N3: 160 and N4: 240 kg ha-1, using urinary ammonia 40-0-0). In the case of fresh biomass weight, the variety "25K1009" produced the higher yield, followed by "Big Kahuna" and "Elite" with 66.9, 65.27 and 63.03 t ha-1 respectively, which are statistically significantly higher compared to the yield produced from the other three varieties. The same was also found in the case of the dry biomass weight. The increase in the fresh biomass weight was higher between the higher napplication (160 and 240 kg N ha-1) reaching the 9 t ha-1.
Sorption of chlormequat on montmorillonite as affected by dissolved copper. Influence of background electrolytes

Abstract In this paper, the role of Cu in the adsorption of the cationic pesticide chlormequat (CCC) on montmorillonite is studied. The adsorption of CCC was measured in various media, e.g. water and aqueous solutions of NaCl, CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 at the same ionic strength (I = 0.01 mol 1-1). The retention of CCC on montmorillonite in aqueous media is due principally to a cationic exchange process with inorganic cations which saturate the interlamellar positions on this mineral. However, the amount of inorganic cations liberated from montmorillonite was ~15% less than the amount of CCC adsorbed. This indicates that not all the pesticide was adsorbed through cation exchange. The adsorption of CCC in aqueous media decreased in the presence of a heavy metal, compared with metal-free treatment. This behaviour indicates competition between the two cations for interlamellar positions. The adsorption of CCC in the presence of Cu also decreased in electrolyte media with the effect being highest in the presence of Ca electrolytes. The maximum CCC diminution was ~30%. However, the isotherms derived in CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 media at different Cu concentrations were close to each other, indicating that Ca from background electrolyte exerts greater competition than Cu for montmorillonite planar positions.
Translational applications of computational modelling for patients with cardiac arrhythmias

Cardiac arrhythmia is associated with high morbidity, and its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Computational modelling and simulation approaches have the potential to improve standard-of-care therapy for these disorders, offering deeper understanding of complex disease processes and sophisticated translational tools for planning clinical procedures. This review provides a clinician-friendly summary of recent advancements in computational cardiology. Organ-scale models automatically generated from clinical-grade imaging data are used to custom tailor our understanding of arrhythmia drivers, estimate future arrhythmogenic risk and personalise treatment plans. Recent mechanistic insights derived from atrial and ventricular arrhythmia simulations are highlighted, and the potential avenues to patient care (eg, by revealing new antiarrhythmic drug targets) are covered. Computational approaches geared towards improving outcomes in resynchronisation therapy have used simulations to elucidate optimal patient selection and lead location. Technology to personalise catheter ablation procedures are also covered, specifically preliminary outcomes form early-stage or pilot clinical studies. To conclude, future developments in computational cardiology are discussed, including improving the representation of patient-specific fibre orientations and fibrotic remodelling characterisation and how these might improve understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms and provide transformative tools for patient-specific therapy.
Redesigning User Interface of MRT Jakarta's Mobile Application using Usability Testing Approach

Mobile Application is proven to be able to help encouraging the effectiveness of using public transportation, including the MRT Jakarta transportation. However, based on preliminary studies, it was found that there are still many users who experience difficulties when using the MRT Jakarta mobile application. For this reason, the application's user interface is needed to be redesigned to make it easier for users to use it. This research mainly uses the Usability Testing method. In conducting Usability Testing, Performance Measurement is used to measure the application usability quantitatively, Retrospective Think Aloud, to find out the responses or suggestions from users, and USE Questionnaire (Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use Questionnaire) to find out the general subjective assessment from users about the MRT Jakarta mobile application. This study provides new improved design recommendation for the MRT Jakarta Mobile Application, that refers to Material Design and 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by Nielsen. The results of this study indicate that the redesigned user interface is proven to have a better usability level than the previous design.
Testing the Quality of Financial Reporting in Indonesia and Its Influence on Corporate Social Responsibility Investments

This study aims to examine the quality of financial reporting in Indonesia not only by using accounting-based quantitative measurements, but also using qualitative measurements. In addition, this study also examines the impact of quality accounting information on the efficiency of CSR investment. This study uses data on financial statements of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2016 and Sustainability Reports taken from the companies’ websites. Data analysis techniques used in this study were multiple regression and logistic regression tests. The results of this study indicate that the quality of quantitatively measured financial reporting has a significant positive relationship to CSR investment with the possibility of over investment, as well as having a significant negative relationship to CSR investment with the possibility of under investment. However, the quality of qualitatively measured financial reporting has a significant positive relationship to CSR investment with the possibility of over investment, and has a significant negative relationship to CSR investment with the possibility of under investment.
Refuting Misconceptions: Computer Tutors for Fraction Arithmetic

Fractions, known to be difficult for both children and adults, are especially prone to misconceptions and erroneous strategy selection. The present study investigated whether a computer tutor improves fraction arithmetic performance in adults and if supplementing problem solving with erroneous examples is more beneficial than problem solving alone. Seventy-five undergraduates solved fraction arithmetic problems using a computer tutoring system we designed. In a between-subjects design, 39 participants worked with a problem-solving tutor that was supplemented with erroneous examples and 36 participants worked with a traditional problem-solving tutor. Both tutors provided hints and feedback. Overall, participants improved after the tutoring interventions, but there were no significant differences in gains made by the two conditions. For students with low prior knowledge about fraction arithmetic, the numerical gains were higher in the erroneous-example group than the problem-solving group, but this effect was not significant. Thus, computer tutors are useful tools for improving fraction knowledge. While erroneous examples may be particularly beneficial for students with low prior knowledge who may hold more misconceptions, more research is needed to make this conclusion.
The Safety and Efficacy of Intermittent Fasting for Weight Loss

Intermittent fasting (IF) diets have recently gained popularity as a weight loss and antiaging method that attracts celebrity endorsements and public interest. Despite the growing use of IF, the debate over its safety and efficacy is still ongoing. Defined IF regimens include 5 different types: alternate-day fasting, periodic fasting, time-restricted feeding, less clearly defined IF (fast mimicking diet, juice fasting), and religious fasts. Our literature review highlights the effect of IF essentially on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. Intermittent fasting may be effective for weight loss and may improve cardiovascular and metabolic health, although the long-term sustainability of these effects has not been studied. While data on the safety of IF are sparse, the most frequent adverse effects (hunger, irritability, and impaired cognition) may dissipate within a month of the fasting period. Intermittent fasting is not recommended for pregnant or lactating women, children or adolescents during maturation, the elderly or underweight people, and individuals vulnerable to eating disorders.
Ocular Surface Microbiome in Health and Disease

Abstract The ocular surface is exposed continuously to the environment and, as a consequence, to a variety of different microbes. After the results of the Human Microbiome Project became publicly available, international research groups started to focus interest on exploring the ocular surface microbiome and its physiopathological relationship to the eye. For example, numerous research studies the existence of the ocular surface's bacterial flora, typically gathering cultures from healthy patients and finding few variations in the bacterial species. More recently, culture-independent methods, including 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing, are being used to define the ocular microbiome. These newer methods suggest that the microbial communities have a greater diversity than previously reported. These communities seem to serve an immune-modulating function and maintain relationships with other microbes and organs, even distant ones. This review summarizes the literature exploring the ocular microbiome, both in health and in different diseases.
Model development for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification

The aim of this study is to simulate the behaviour of nitrogen and carbon compounds in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) by incorporating a dynamic microbial floc model. The results have shown that both floc diameter and liquid phase concentration are important factors influencing the internal floc reaction rate. An integrated model of the SBR has been proposed in this paper, whereby reaction rates are determined as a function of internal floc concentrations. This enables the evaluation of the phenomena that occur due to internal floc effects such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). Results support the hypothesis that SND is a physical phenomenon, and occurs due to oxygen diffusion limitations within flocs.
Influence of organisational and information systems and technologies resources and capabilities on the adoption of proactive environmental practices and environmental performance

There is little evidence of the role of resources and capabilities related to information systems and technologies (IS/IT) in the adoption of proactive environmental practices in firms. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of organisational and IS/IT resources and capabilities on the adoption of proactive environmental practices as well as the ultimate effect on environmental performance. By conducting covriance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) to a multi-sample of 129 small, medium and large firms operating in different industrial sectors in Bogota, Colombia, we found that organisational and IS/IT resources shape the development of capabilities for continuous improvement, stakeholder management, IS/IT support to general functional activities and IS/IT support to environmental management. Further, firm capabilities lead to the adoption of proactive environmental practices, which in turn, determine improvements in environmental performance. Findings support the relevance of IS/IT resources and capabilities in driving pro-environmental behaviour in firms.
A ‘Real-Life’ Experience on Automated Digital Image Analysis of FGFR2 Immunohistochemistry in Breast Cancer

We present here an assessment of a ‘real-life’ value of automated machine learning algorithm (AI) for examination of immunohistochemistry for fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2) in breast cancer (BC). Expression of FGFR2 in BC (n = 315) measured using a certified 3DHistech CaseViewer/QuantCenter software 2.3. 0. was compared to the manual pathologic assessment in digital slides (PA). Results revealed: (i) substantial interrater agreement between AI and PA for dichotomized evaluation (Cohen’s kappa = 0.61); (ii) strong correlation between AI and PA H-scores (Spearman r = 0.85, p < 0.001); (iii) a small constant error and a significant proportional error (Passing–Bablok regression y = 0.51 × X + 29.9, p < 0.001); (iv) discrepancies in H-score in cases of extreme (strongest/weakest) or heterogeneous FGFR2 expression and poor tissue quality. The time of AI was significantly longer (568 h) than that of the pathologist (32 h). This study shows that the described commercial machine learning algorithm can reliably execute a routine pathologic assessment, however, in some instances, human expertise is essential.
An empirical study of factors associated with height-for-age z-scores of children aged 6−23 months in northwest Rwanda: the role of care practices related to child feeding and health

Abstract We aimed to identify the factors influencing child height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) as a measure of child nutritional status in Rwanda, and to examine the role of child feeding and health practices. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 379 children (aged 6–23 months) and their mothers in northwest Rwanda. Data were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. An infant and young child feeding practices index (ICFI) and health practices index (HPI) were developed and categorised into tertiles, and linear regression analyses were performed to assess their association with child HAZ. Overall, mothers of non-stunted children exhibited better feeding and health practices than those of stunted children. ICFI was positively associated with child HAZ. We found an adjusted mean HAZ difference of 0·14 between children whose mothers were in high ICFI tertile compared with those in low tertile. Neither HPI nor any of its components were significantly associated with child HAZ. Other factors that were positively associated with child HAZ were infant birth weight (P < 0·001) and maternal height (P < 0·001). Child age, sex (male) (P < 0·05) and altitude (P < 0·05) were negatively associated with child HAZ. Diarrhoea (P < 0·05) and respiratory infections (P < 0·05) were negatively associated with HAZ in younger children aged 6–11 months. Policies to reduce stunting in this population must focus on both pre- and postnatal factors. Appropriate child feeding practices, particularly breast-feeding promotion and improvement in children’s dietary diversity combined with measures to control infections should be given priority.