Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancing time triggered scheduling with value based overload handling and task migration

Time triggered methods provide deterministic behaviour suitable for critical real-time systems. The), perform less favourably, however if the arrival times of some activities are not known in advance, in particular if overload situations have to be anticipated. In many systems, the criticality of only a subset of activities justify the cost associated with the time triggered methods. In this paper we consider distributed systems where a subset of critical activities are handled in a time triggered fashion, via an offline schedule. At runtime, the arrival of aperiodic tasks may cause overload that demands to be handled in such a way that i) time triggered activities still meet all their original constraints, ii) execution of high-valued tasks are prioritised over tasks with lower value, iii) tasks can be quickly migrated to balance the overall system load. We give a precise formulation of overload detection and value based task rejection in the presence of offline scheduled tasks, and present a heuristic algorithm to handle overload. To benefit from the distributed setting, the overload handling includes an algorithm that integrates migration of rejected tasks with resource reclaiming and an acceptance test of newly arrived tasks. Simulation results underline the effectiveness of the presented approach.
Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of pain due to soft tissue injury: diclofenac epolamine topical patch

The objective of this article is to review published clinical data on diclofenac epolamine topical patch 1.3% (DETP) in the treatment of acute soft tissue injuries, such as strains, sprains, and contusions. Review of published literature on topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), diclofenac, and DETP in patients with acute soft tissue injuries was included. Relevant literature was identified on MEDLINE using the search terms topical NSAIDs, diclofenac, diclofenac epolamine, acute pain, sports injury, soft tissue injury, strain, sprain, and contusion, and from citations in retrieved articles covering the years 1978–2008. Review of published, randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses shows that topical NSAIDs are significantly more effective than placebo in relieving acute pain; the pooled average relative benefit was 1.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.5–1.9). In a limited number of comparisons, topical and oral NSAIDs provided comparable pain relief, but the use of topical agents produced lower plasma drug concentrations and fewer systemic adverse events (AEs). The physical–chemical properties of diclofenac epolamine make it well suited for topical use. In patients with acute soft tissue injuries treated with DETP, clinical data report an analgesic benefit within hours of the first application, and significant pain relief relative to placebo within 3 days. Moreover, DETP displayed tolerability comparable with placebo; the most common AEs were pruritus and other application site reactions. Review of published literature suggests that DETP is generally safe and well tolerated, clinically efficacious, and a rational treatment option for patients experiencing acute pain associated with strains, sprains, and contusions, and other localized painful conditions.
Web QoE Evaluation in Multi-agent Networks: Validation of ITU-T G.1030

User's requirements have become a key factor for any Quality of Service (QoS) management model to succeed. The advent and rise of new broadband services and network architectures (Triple-Play-Services, NGN…) depends on the ability of providers to achieve user's expectations in these scenarios. For that reason, the overall end user's perception (Quality of Experience – QoE) must be audited, on a regular basis, to address changing user's needs. This paper presents a general system developed to evaluate QoE on IP networks. The system architecture is designed to be capable of emulating multi agent networks and dynamically changing conditions. In addition, the results of a Web browsing QoE experiment, laid out within this emulation system, are described. The experiment was conducted on the basis of ITU-T Recommendation G.1030, and aimed to update the perceptual model, provided in this Recommendation, to today’s user requirements and technical improvements.
Different Experiences, Different Types of Emergence: A-life Sculpture Designer, Interactant, Observer

A-life sculptures are dynamic art works in which human participants function as co-creators. This paper describes a collaborative project to develop an A-life art work that has as its main component a heterogeneous population of agents. The human interactant is represented within the agent population and their role as co-creator of the artwork is mediated by their presence in the population of agents. This work is concerned with issues of collaborative task performance, artistic co-construction, and the quality of emergence as being dependent on the experiencer of the system (i.e., the system designer, interactant, and/or observer).
Do different maxillary expansion appliances influence the outcomes of the treatment?

Background and objectives There is no consensus in the literature regarding which rapid maxillary expansion (RME) design or activation rate benefits the patients the most. Therefore, the primary aim of this systematic review was to see whether there is a difference in the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of different RME appliances in children and growing adolescents. The secondary aim was to see whether these effects are different when using different activation protocols for these appliances. Data collection and analysis The search was done in three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science). The following inclusion criteria were used: randomized controlled trial, prospective controlled studies, 15 or more patients in each study, human subjects up to 18 years of age, and RME effects had to be assessed by computed tomography/cone beam computed tomography. Study appraisal and synthesis methods Quality of the methodology was classified according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines as high, moderate, or low. Results The search resulted in 145 titles and abstracts; 109 of them were excluded based on pre-established criteria. Thirty-six full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 18 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. Finally, seven articles were deemed eligible for full inclusion and revealed that all appliances and protocols showed significant expansion in the mid-palatal suture. No evidence was found for the cause of dental tipping. Limitations In this systematic review, having different age groups in each study and using different anatomical landmarks and outcome measures for assessing the skeletal and dental effects made it difficult to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusions There is moderate evidence that all designs produce significant expansion at the mid-palatal suture. However, lack of studies comparing appliances and protocols has been found. Finally, no evidence-based conclusions could be drawn about the appliance effect on teeth tipping. Implications of key findings No appliance appears to be superior when it comes to expansion in the mid-palatal suture. Therefore, the tooth-borne appliance might be preferable until further high-quality studies conclude otherwise. Funding The project was funded through the Department of Orthodontics, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden. Registration This systematic review was not registered in any external databases.
Spam Detection Using Artificial Neural Networks (Perceptron Learning Rule)

Spam is email sent in bulk where there is no direct agreement in place between the recipient and the sender to receive email solicitation. To prevent the delivery of this so called spam, an automated tool called a spam filter is used to recognize spam. The circular nature of these definitions along with their appeal to the intent of sender and recipient make them difficult to formalize. The spam problem seems to persist and the current state of the art techniques in fighting this problem seems not to provide full proof. There are several approaches which try to stop or reduce the huge amount of spam on individuals. These approaches include legislative measures such as anti-spam laws over world-wide. Other techniques are known as Origin-Based filters which are based on using network information and IP addresses in order to detect whether a message is spam or not. The most common techniques are the filtering techniques attempting to identify whether a message is spam or not based on the content and other characteristics of the message. In this paper, we present a technique to spam filtering using Artificial Neural Networks, and the perceptron learning rule.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics and Epidemiological Significance of ctx+ Strains of Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Seafood in Malaysia

ABSTRACT Of 97 strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated from various seafoods in Malaysia in 1998 and 1999, 20 strains carried the ctx gene and produced cholera toxin. Fourteen, one, and five of these toxigenic strains belonged to the O139, O1 Ogawa, and rough serotypes, respectively. The rough strains had the rfb gene of the O1 serotype. The toxigenic strains varied in their biochemical characteristics, the amount of cholera toxin produced, their antibiograms, and the presence or absence of the pTLC plasmid sequence. DNA fingerprinting analysis by arbitrarily primed PCR, ribotyping, and a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method classified the toxigenic strains into 3, 7, and 10 types, respectively. The relatedness of these toxigenic strains to clinical strains isolated in other countries and from international travelers was examined by using a dendrogram constructed from the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. The results of the examination of the antibiogram and the possession of the toxin-linked cryptic plasmid were consistent with the dendrogram-based relatedness: the O139 strains isolated from Malaysian seafoods could be separated into two groups that appear to have been introduced from the Bengal area independently. The rough strains of Malaysian seafood origin formed one group and belonged to a cluster unique to the Thailand-Malaysia-Laos region, and this group may have persisted in this area for a long period. The single O1 Ogawa strain detected in Malaysian seafood appears to have an origin and route of introduction different from those of the O139 and the rough strains.
Predicting Pneumonia and Influenza Mortality from Morbidity Data

Background Few European countries conduct reactive surveillance of influenza mortality, whereas most monitor morbidity. Methodology/Principal Findings We developed a simple model based on Poisson seasonal regression to predict excess cases of pneumonia and influenza mortality during influenza epidemics, based on influenza morbidity data and the dominant types/subtypes of circulating viruses. Epidemics were classified in three levels of mortality burden (“high”, “moderate” and “low”). The model was fitted on 14 influenza seasons and was validated on six subsequent influenza seasons. Five out of the six seasons in the validation set were correctly classified. The average absolute difference between observed and predicted mortality was 2.8 per 100,000 (18% of the average excess mortality) and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was 0.89 (P = 0.05). Conclusions/Significance The method described here can be used to estimate the influenza mortality burden in countries where specific pneumonia and influenza mortality surveillance data are not available.
Achieving Undetectable Communication

In this paper we consider the problem of achieving a positive error-free communications rate without being detected by an eavesdropper-we coin this the privacy rate. Specifically, we analyze the privacy rate over additive white Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channels with finite and infinite number of samples and Rayleigh single input-single (SISO) and multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) channels with infinite samples when an eavesdropper employs a radiometer detector and has uncertainty about his noise variance. Leveraging recent results on the phenomenon of a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) wall when there is eavesdropper noise power measurement uncertainty, we show that a nonzero privacy rate is possible. We also show that in this scenario, the detector should not necessarily take as many samples as possible.
Window-Oblivious Join: A Data-Driven Memory Management Scheme for Stream Join

Memory management is a critical issue in stream processing involving stateful operators such as join. Traditionally, the memory requirement for a stream join is query-driven: a query has to explicitly define a window for each (potentially unbounded) input. The window essentially bounds the size of the buffer allocated for that stream. However, outputs produced by such approach may not be desirable (if the window size is not part of the intended query semantic) due to the volatile input characteristics. We discover that when streams are ordered or partially ordered, it is possible to use a data-driven memory management scheme for improved performance. In this work, we present a novel data-driven memory management scheme, called Window-Oblivious Join (WO-Join), which adaptively adjusts the state buffer size according to the input characteristics. Our performance study shows that, compared to traditional Window-Join (W-Join), WO-Join is more robust with respect to the dynamic inputs and therefore produces higher quality results with lower memory costs.
Nanometer MOSFET effects on the minimum-energy point of 45nm subthreshold logic

In this paper, we observe that minimum energy <i>E<sub>min</sub></i> of subthreshold logic dramatically increases when reaching 45nm node. We demonstrate by circuit simulation and analytical modeling that this increase comes from the combined effects of variability, gate leakage and DIBL. We then investigate the new impact of MOSFET parameters on <i>E<sub>min</sub></i> in nanometer technologies. We finally propose an optimum MOSFET selection intended for subthreshold circuit designers, which favors low-<i>V<sub>t</sub></i> mid-<i>L<sub>g</sub></i> devices in standard 45nm GP technology. The use of such optimum MOSFETs yields 35% <i>E<sub>min</sub></i> reduction for a benchmark multiplier with good speed performances and negligible area overhead.
Unveiling the Chemical Composition, Bioactive Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Dried Egyptian Jew’s Mallow Stems as a Promising Anticancer Agent

Phytochemicals from waste materials generated by agricultural and industrial processes have become globally significant due to their accessibility and potential effectiveness with few side effects. These compounds have essential implications in both medicine and the economy. Therefore, a quantitative analysis of the phytochemical profile, sugar types, and water-soluble vitamins of dried Corchorus olitorius L. “DJMS” extract (dried Jew’s mallow stem) was carried out with HPLC. In addition, the chemical composition, TPC, chlorophyll a and b, beta-carotene, and antioxidant effect using DPPH were investigated. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of the DJMS was evaluated by SRB assay using Huh-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. In the quantitative study, DJMS extract showed a high antioxidant potential (67%) due to its content of bioactive compounds such as TPC (276.37 mg 100 g−1) and chlorophyll a and b (20.31, 12.02 mg 100 g−1, respectively), as well as some vitamins and minerals such as B-complex (B12; 146.8 mg 100 g−1 and vitamin C 6.49 mg 100 g−1) and selenium (<0.2 μg kg−1). Moreover, the main sugar types found were sucrose and stachyose, which recorded 9.23 and 6.25 mg 100 g−1, respectively. Identifying phenolic and flavonoids showed that the major components were ellagic acid (4905.26 μg kg−1), ferulic acid (3628.29 μg kg−1), chlorogenic acid (3757.08 μg kg−1), luteolin—7-O-glucoside (4314.48 μg kg−1), naringin (4296.94 μg kg−1) and apigenin—6—rhamnose—8 glucoside (3078.87 μg kg−1). The dried stem extract showed significant MDA-MB-231 inhibition activity and reached 80% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL of DJMS extract, related to the content of phytochemical components such as isoflavones like genistein (34.96 μg kg−1), which had a tremendous anticancer effect. Hence, the stem of Jew’s mallow (which is edible and characterized by its viability and low production cost) possesses the capacity to serve as a pharmaceutical agent for combating cancer owing to its abundance of bioactive components.
Combining cues for mammographic abnormalities

suspected abnormalities. Previous attempts to automate the detection of microcalcifications have used sequences of progressively more sophisticated methods to refine a set of candidates e.g. [2], though clinically acceptable error rates have not yet been achieved. Screening for breast cancer involves searching for subtle abnormalities in a large number of complex images, a task for which the specificity of human interpreters is known to be poor. We are aiming to improve screening performance by providing radiologists with machine assistance in the detection of clinically significant features. The first stage of the detection process is the generation of a set of cues to indicate potential abnormalities. We generally select a cue method for a particular task because it responds to a known property of the target. However, cue generators also respond to non-targets which share that target property. By combining evidence from a range of cues associated with different target properties we can increase the specificity of detection in noisy or cluttered images. We have performed experiments which demonstrate this. Two cue generators were applied to a set of 20 digitised image patches. Onand off-target distributions were collected for each image and accumulated across the data set on a leave-one-out basis. Each cue image was then transformed into a log-likelihood image, enabling evidence from the different cue generators to be combined simply by image addition. Results of an evaluation of single and combined cue methods are presented.
A Satisfaction Driven Approach for the Composition of Interactive Web Services

The paradigmatic shift from function-oriented Web services to interactive Web services(IWSs) addresses lots of issues such as repetitious development for user interface and tiresome understanding of underlying service operations. However, the composition of existing IWSs to create value-added ones is still a prominent problem. Considering the special interactive characteristics of IWSs, current approaches to compose function-oriented services are inappropriate. This paper proposes a novel user satisfaction model to evaluate the interactive quality of a composite IWS completely. Based on the satisfaction model, an effective satisfaction-driven approach is also developed for service selection in IWSs composition, which can meet diverse interactive requirements of users.
Visualizing set-valued attributes in parallel with equal-height histograms

Visualization of set-valued attributes in multi-dimensional information visualization systems remains a relatively unexplored problem. Here we introduce a novel method for visualizing set-valued attributes that we call the singleton set distribution view and integrate it into an interactive multi-dimensional attribute visualization tool utilizing parallel bargrams (aka equal-height histograms) as its main visual motif. We discuss our design rationale and report on the results of an evaluation study.
Histological and biological comparisons between complete and incomplete discoid lateral meniscus

ABSTRACT The discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is an anatomically abnormal meniscus that covers a greater area of the tibial plateau than the normal meniscus. The DLM is classified into two types: complete (CDLM) and incomplete (ICDLM) types. In this study, we investigated the histological and cell biological characteristics of CDLM and ICDLM. The number of blood vessels, proteoglycan deposition, and collagen distribution were assessed using meniscal tissues. Collagen production was also investigated in CDLM and ICDLM cells. The intercondylar region of the CDLM had a higher number of blood vessels than the inner region of the ICDLM. Safranin O staining density and type II collagen deposition in ICDLM were higher than those in CDLM. Type II collagen-positive cells were higher in ICLDM than in CDLM. CDLM cells showed slender fibroblastic morphology, while ICDLM cells were triangular chondrocytic in shape. This study demonstrated that the intercondylar region of the CDLM showed similar properties to the outer region of the meniscus. The inner region of the ICDLM, on the other hand, differed from the intercondylar region of the CDLM. Our results suggest that the intercondylar region of the CDLM may have a high healing potential like the outer meniscus.
Holocene coastal changes along the Gironde estuary (SW France): new insights from the North Médoc peninsula beach/dune system

Located at the mouth of the Gironde estuary (southwestern Atlantic coast of France), the Amelie beach was strongly eroded during the recent stormy events, especially in the winter of 2013-2014. The escarpment at the dune front and the truncation of the beach uncovered a set of estuarine and aeolian sediment deposits containing numerous archaeological remains. A campaign of topographic surveys was undertaken with DGPS and TLS materials during the springs of 2014 and 2015 along the 2 km length of the Amelie beach in order to reconstruct the elevation and stratigraphy of these deposits. Sedimentological analyses (grain size, micro-faunal) were performed to better constrain the depositional environment. Archaeological remains and several radiocarbon dates obtained from sediment samples collected in the field were used to propose a consistent chronological framework for this sedimentary sequence. Ten main lithofacies were distinguished from the lower part of the beach to the top of the dune. The base of the sedimentary sequence is composed to of Pleistocene deposits dating from MIS9 (unit 1a) to MIS2 (Unit 1b) (Bosq et al., this issue). The Holocene sedimentary infilling began around 5000 BC with an accumulation of marine coarse sands, which suggests the presence of a tidal inlet. On both sides of this tidal channel, archaeological remains dating from the early Neolithic period up to the Bronze Age testify to a human occupation of the coastal area. From ca. 5000 to ca. 3500 cal. BP, a characteristic deposit of intertidal mudflats indicates the transformation of the tidal inlet into estuarine marshes protected by a coastal dune barrier. Between ca. 3500 and ca. 3000 cal. BP, the dune barrier records a phase of erosion which results in the exposure of the marsh to stronger hydrodynamic conditions. From ca. 2800 to 1650, a second phase of estuarine sedimentation is recognized. This period is characterized by significant human occupation as indicated by the presence of numerous archaeological remains of the Iron Age and Gallo-roman periods, associated with the exploitation of a saltwater-to-brackish environment. From 1650 to 1250 cal. BP, the estuarine saltmarsh is gradually overrun by northward migrating coastal-dune fields. After 1250 cal. BP, the marsh is completely covered by the aeolian sands. These results are consistent with previously published data and allow to locally details the sequence of paleogeographic changes of the north-Medoc peninsula. Using the "sea-level index points" method (Hijma et al., 2015), the analysis of radiocarbon dated levels also provides new relative sea-level records for this part of the French Atlantic coast. Finally, the phases of coastal dune activity/stability recognized along the Amelie beach are synchronous with those in the wider Aquitaine coastal region, suggesting a regional driving factor. We propose that the shared sedimentary dynamics are the consequence of the onshore migration of intertidal and subtidal sand banks distributed at the mouth of the Gironde.