Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRACTICING CREATIVE THINKING AND ITS RELATION TO ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

Creativity is essential for survival and it is the path to progress and prosperity. Their creativity, innovation, invention and leadership measure the progress and development of nations.Creative thinking is one of the finest and highest skills and abilities that should be acquired by students in all different academic levels. The main objective of this study is to disclose the extent of practicing creative thinking and its relationship to academic achievement among students of the Jordan University of Science and Technology. The study was conducted on a sample of 1159 male and female students, who were chosen randomly. The study involved the following main question: To what extent are students of Jordan University of Science and Technology practicing creative thinking? It also contained three hypotheses: 1) There is a significant difference of practicing creative thinking among the students of Jordan University of Science and Technology due to gender; 2) There is a significant difference of practicing creative thinking among students of Jordan University of Science and Technology due to academic year; 3) There is a significant correlation between practicing creative thinking among students of Jordan University of Science and Technology and academic achievement. The results of the study indicated that students of Jordan University of Science and Technology are practicing creative thinking at a moderate level reaching 2.96 at Likert scale. Moreover, it revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in the level of practicing creative thinking due to gender favoring male students. A close relationship between the level of practicing creative thing and academic achievement was found, where 20% of the research sample having high academic achievement showed moderate level of practicing creative thinking.
Pregnancy-Related Anxiety and Prenatal Attachment in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia and/or Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

and affect mother-baby attachment. The present study aimed to compare pregnancy-related anxiety and prenatal attachment levels between low-risk pregnant women and pregnant women with preeclampsia and/or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Material and Methods: One hundred fifty women were recruited in this cross-sectional descriptive study (55 preeclampsia and/or GDM, 95 low-risk) pregnant women. Data were collected using descriptive data form, Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised-2 (PRAQ-R2), and Prenatal Attachment Scale (PAS). Results: Prenatal attachment scores of the working pregnant women in the low-risk group were higher than those in the non-working pregnant women (p<0.05). Prenatal attachment scores of primiparous women in the preeclampsia/GDM group were higher than multiparous women (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups with regard to PAS, PRAQ-R2 and PRAQ-R2 sub-dimensions scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: In line with the study results, it was found that low-risk and working pregnant women had higher prenatal attachment levels. Levels of prenatal attachment were higher in primiparous pregnant women in the high-risk group. As pregnancy-related anxiety levels of high-risk and healthy pregnant women increased, concern about one’s own appearance scores increased. Therefore, reducing anxiety levels of pregnant women during pregnancy may be an effective intervention in reducing concerns about their appearance.
Outcomes of and factors associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with pulmonary hypertension in very low birth weight infants: A retrospective study in a medical center

Introduction Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to increased morbidity and mortality in extremely preterm infants. Recent studies have analyzed factors associated with development of PH in BPD; however, this research remains inconclusive, and controversy exists regarding the correlation between BPD and PH. This study aimed to investigate potential associated factors, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of BPD with pulmonary hypertension in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Methods We conducted a retrospective study, reviewing the records of infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks and birth weight <1,500 g admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit between January 2020 and October 2021 who were diagnosed with moderate to severe BPD. Echocardiogram was performed at the postmenstrual age of 36 weeks or before discharge. The diagnosis of PH was based on the findings of echocardiogram. Prenatal and postnatal characteristics, demographic data, treatment details, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 139 VLBW infants with BPD were enrolled and divided into a PH group (n = 25) and a non-PH group (n = 114). The mean GA was 27.3 ± 2.3 weeks and the mean birth weight of infants with BPD was 927.3 ± 293.3 g. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that a high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) setting (OR: 2.105; 95% CI: 1.472–3.011; p < 0.001) in established BPD and surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA; OR: 6.273; 95% CI: 1.574–24.977; p = 0.009) were associated with BPD–PH. Neonates with BPD who developed pulmonary hypertension remained hospitalized for longer (p < 0.001), received invasive mechanical ventilation support for longer (p < 0.001), had a higher incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP; OR: 4.201; 95% CI: 1.561–11.304; p = 0.003), were more likely to require oxygen support at discharge (OR: 5.600; 95% CI: 2.175–14.416; p < 0.001), and were more likely to undergo tracheostomy (OR: 35.368; 95% CI: 4.03–310.43; p < 0.001). Conclusion PDA ligation and a higher PEEP setting were associated with BPD–PH in our cohort study. Compared with VLBW infants with BPD but without PH, infants with BPD and PH were hospitalized for longer, and also had a higher incidence of oxygen support after discharge, ROP, and tracheostomy.
Median-Plane Head-Related Transfer Function Personalization Using Two-Dimensional Independent Component Analysis

A new median-plane head-related transfer function (HRTF) personalization method using independent component analysis and ensemble learning is proposed. First, an HRTF personalization model based on two-dimensional independent component analysis is constructed in which HRTFs are decomposed as a combination of independent components from both the frequency-direction and subject domains. Then, for a new subject, subject-related independent components are predicted by substituting the subject's anthropometric parameters into an ensemble learning model consisting of three generalized regression neural networks (GRNNs), namely, a head-GRNN, torso-GRNN, and pinna-GRNN. Finally, the subject's individual HRTFs are predicted by substituting the predicted subject- related independent components into the HRTF personalization model. Results suggest that the proposed method can be used to personalize HRTFs effectively among direction, frequency, and subject, yielding lower spectral distortion values for both ears when compared to other similar methods.
VORTICITY EXTREMES IN NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF 2-D GEOSTROPHIC TURBULENCE

A simple numerical model was developed to solve a forced version of the two-dimensional barotropic vorticity equation, on a β-plane stretched around the Earth. The model is designed to produce a turbulent flow and a crude representation of the Northern Hemisphere storm track. The probability distributions of vorticity produced were analysed, with a particular focus on the extreme values attained. Two different experiments have been performed with the model firstly without differential rotation (β = 0), and secondly with a mid-latitude value of β (‘geostrophic turbulence’). These experiments produced qualitatively similar turbulence to previous numerical modelling studies coherent, isolated vortices for β = 0 and stretched vortices confined to a latitude band for β > 0, more representative of the real atmosphere. Through analysis of the statistical moments of the time distributions of vorticity it was shown that higher order moments are dominated by extreme values of vorticity. This has demonstrated that, although commonly used, care should be exercised when using standard moment measures to summarise turbulence. The standard moments were compared with quantile moments and they produced similar results, though the quantile moments are more robust to extreme value outliers. The geostrophic turbulence produces moments that are qualitatively similar to the patterns of observations of White (1980). Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) probability models were fitted to the extremes of both positive and negative vorticity produced in the model. In the β = 0 case it was found that the extreme distribution shape parameters of positive and negative vorticity extremes are anti-symmetric, but with a low statistical significance. This effect is also observed in the atmosphere as low pressure systems become more extreme than high pressure systems. However, it was also shown that this effect is initial condition dependent in the model. In the geostrophic case, this asymmetry is not present, though there is a strong latitudinal variation of the extreme distribution shape parameter. Converting the extremes of vorticity to pressure through scaling relations produces values comparable to the extreme pressures observed in the real atmosphere.
Macrophyte-Based Assessment of Upland Rivers: Bioindicators and Biomonitors

For the first time, a macrophyte-based assessment of ecological status was related to the accumulated heavy metals and trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in aquatic plants. Three moss and two vascular plant species were applied as biomonitors: Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw. , Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. , Platyhypnidium riparioides (Hedw.) Dixon, invasive Elodea canadensis Michx. , and Myriophyllum spicatum L. Three streams were assessed as good at a high ecological status which correlated with low contamination based on calculated contamination factors (CFs) and metal pollution index (MPI). Two sites evaluated in moderate ecological status were revealed to be in heavy trace element contamination. The most significant was the accumulation of moss samples from the Chepelarska River under mining impact. Mercury exceeded the environmental quality standard (EQS) for biota in three of the studied upland river sites.
Parent-identified barriers to accessing exposure therapy: A qualitative study using process mapping

Background Youth with anxiety and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) rarely access exposure therapy, an evidence-based treatment. Known barriers include transportation, waitlists, and provider availability. Efforts to improve access to exposure require an understanding of the process that families take to find therapists, yet no prior studies have examined parents’ perspectives of the steps involved. Methods Parents of children who have received exposure therapy for anxiety and/or OCD (N = 23) were recruited from a hospital-based specialty anxiety clinic where the majority of their children previously received exposure. Recruitment was ongoing until thematic saturation was reached. Parents completed questionnaires and attended an online focus group during which they were asked to describe each step they took—from recognizing their child needed treatment to beginning exposure. A process map was created and shown in real-time, edited for clarity, and emailed to parents for member checking. Authors analyzed process maps to identify common themes. Results Several themes emerged, as visually represented in a final process map. Participants identified a “search-outreach” loop, in which they repeated the cycle of looking for therapists, contacting them, and being unable to schedule an appointment due to factors such as cost, waitlists, and travel time. Parents often did not know about exposure and reported feeling guilty about their lack of knowledge and inability to find a suitable provider. Parents reported frustration that medical providers did not often know about exposure and sometimes dismissed parents’ concerns. Participants emphasized the difficulty of navigating the mental health system; many reported that it took years to find an exposure therapist, and that the search was sometimes stalled due to fluctuating symptoms. Conclusion A common thread among identified barriers was the amount of burden placed on parents to find treatment with limited support, and the resultant feelings of isolation and guilt. Findings point to several directions for future research, such as the development of parent support groups for navigating the mental health system; enhancing coordination of care between medical and mental health providers; and streamlining referral processes.
Rheology and microstructure in concentrated noncolloidal suspensions

The rheological behavior of a monodisperse suspension of non-Brownian particles undergoing simple shear flow in the presence of a weak interparticle force is studied using accelerated Stokesian dynamics. The availability of a faster numerical algorithm permits the investigation of larger systems (typically of 512 particles), and accurate results for the suspension viscosity, first and second normal stress differences, and the particle pressure are determined as a function of the volume fraction. The system microstructure, expressed through the pair-distribution function, is also studied and it is demonstrated how the resulting anisotropy in the pair-distribution function is correlated with the suspension non-Newtonian behavior. The ratio of the normal to excess shear stress is found to be an increasing function of the volume fraction, suggesting different volume fraction scalings for different elements of the stress tensor. The relative strength and range of the interparticle force is varied and its effec.
The Introduction of Allochthonous Olive Variety and Super High-Density System in the Abruzzo Region: A Study on Olive Oil Quality

The transition to a sustainable economic and environmental management of olive oil sector needs to be implemented in both national and regional territories through the introduction and development of innovative growing systems and variety. In this study, the olive oil quality parameters of local and allochthonous varieties cultivated in different orchards located in the Abruzzo region (Italy), using traditional and super high-density systems, were analyzed. Frantene, Lecciana, Koroneiki, and a mix of Arbequina and Lecciana provided olive oils rich in flavonoids and secoiridoids compounds with respect to the local varieties Frantoio, Leccino, and a mix of Dritta, Leccino, and Pendolino. Oleic/linoleic ratio was influenced by cultivar and training systems with super high-density olive oils rich in oleic acid. Frantene showed a peculiar fatty acid profile different from cultivars grown in the same location; moreover, interesting similarities were found between Frantene and the mix of Dritta, Leccino, and Pendolino in terms of health-related compounds. The potential development of innovative sustainable training system to improve olive oil quality was highlighted. The study’s results identify olive varieties suitable for super high-density systems spread in the Abruzzo region, representing a valid alternative for the olive growers to improve both the quality of the olive oil, as well as the company’s income.
Optical character recognition on engineering drawings to achieve automation in production quality control

Introduction: Digitization is a crucial step towards achieving automation in production quality control for mechanical products. Engineering drawings are essential carriers of information for production, but their complexity poses a challenge for computer vision. To enable automated quality control, seamless data transfer between analog drawings and CAD/CAM software is necessary. Methods: This paper focuses on autonomous text detection and recognition in engineering drawings. The methodology is divided into five stages. First, image processing techniques are used to classify and identify key elements in the drawing. The output is divided into three elements: information blocks and tables, feature control frames, and the rest of the image. For each element, an OCR pipeline is proposed. The last stage is output generation of the information in table format. Results: The proposed tool, called eDOCr, achieved a precision and recall of 90% in detection, an F1-score of 94% in recognition, and a character error rate of 8%. The tool enables seamless integration between engineering drawings and quality control. Discussion: Most OCR algorithms have limitations when applied to mechanical drawings due to their inherent complexity, including measurements, orientation, tolerances, and special symbols such as geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T). The eDOCr tool overcomes these limitations and provides a solution for automated quality control. Conclusion: The eDOCr tool provides an effective solution for automated text detection and recognition in engineering drawings. The tool's success demonstrates that automated quality control for mechanical products can be achieved through digitization. The tool is shared with the research community through Github.
A Note on Torsion Free Groups Generated by Pairs of Matrices

Let and let Gm be the group generated by A and the transpose of A. The problem of determining complex numbers m such that Gm is a free group had been studied by several authors [1, 2, 3]. In this note we characterize those rational values of m for which Gm is torsion free.
Serum Ferritin Levels in Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, as has serum ferritin, an intracellular iron storage protein. Little is known about the relationship between severity of OSA and serum ferritin levels in otherwise healthy subjects. In this study, all polysomnographic recordings, serum levels of ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and hemoglobin, as well as patient files from 90 consecutive, otherwise healthy individuals with suspected OSA who presented to a tertiary sleep medical center were retrospectively analyzed. For comparison, three groups were formed based on apnea–hypopnea index (AHI; none or mild OSA: <15/h vs. moderate OSA: 15–30/h vs. severe OSA: >30/h). Serum ferritin levels were significantly positively correlated with AHI (r = 0.3240, p = 0.0020). A clear trend of higher serum ferritin levels was found when patients with severe OSA were compared to those without or with mild OSA. Serum CRP and serum hemoglobin levels did not differ significantly among OSA severity groups. Age and body–mass index (BMI) tended to be higher with increasing OSA severity. The BMI was significant higher in patients with severe OSA compared to those without or with mild (p < 0.001). Therefore, serum ferritin levels may provide a biochemical surrogate marker for OSA severity.
Tumor grade-associated genomic mutations in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Background Lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide and accounts for approximately 20% of cancer-related death in China every year. High-grade lung cancer poses a significant threat to patients, and developing a novel treatment for these patients requires an understanding of its underlying mechanism. Methods Chinese patients with lung cancer were enrolled. The tumor samples were collected by surgery or puncture and applied for next-generation sequencing. A panel of pan-cancer genes was targeted, and the sequencing depth was set to over 1,000 to improve the sensitivity of detecting mutations. Short-length mutations (substitution, insertion, and deletion), copy number variation, and gene fusion were called. Gene mutations were compared between low-grade, middle-grade, and high-grade tumors using Fisher’s exact test. The enriched pathways in each grade of tumors were also inferred. Results The study included 173 Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer, of whom 98 (56.6%) patients were female and 75 (43.4%) were male, with a mean age of 56.8 years. All patients were microsatellite stable; 66.4% were at the early stages (Stages 0, I, and II) with a tumor mutational burden of approximately 2.5 (confidence interval = [0, 48.3]). Compared to low-grade tumors, high-grade tumors had a significantly higher percentage of mutations in TP53 (75.9% vs 34.4%, p = 1.86e-3) and PIK3CA (24.1% vs. 0%, p = 3.58e-3). Pathway analysis found that high-grade tumors were enriched with mutations in bacterial invasion of epithelial cells (31% vs. 0%, p = 5.8e-4), Epstein–Barr virus infection (79.3% vs. 37.5%, p = 1.72e-3), and the Wnt signaling pathway (75.9% vs. 34.4%, p = 1.91e-3). High-grade tumors had a significantly higher tumor mutational burden than low-grade tumors (p-value = 0.0017). However, actionable mutations with high-level evidence were lower in high-grade tumors. Conclusion Patients with high-grade tumors from lung cancer may be more affected by bacteria and Epstein–Barr virus than low-grade tumors. High-grade tumors were specially mutated in TP53 and PIK3CA and may benefit more from immunotherapy. Further research on the underlying mechanism of high-grade lung cancer is necessary to develop new therapeutic options. Lung cancer, tumor grade, genomic mutations, Epstein–Barr virus, pathway analysis
Frequency and Magnitude Response Design Approximation Problems for Nonlinear-phase Nonrecursive Digital Filters

In this article special (possibly constrained) problems of linear and nonlinear complex approximation are studied with respect to the existence and uniqueness of solutions and the convergence of the approximation errors, where the errors are measured by an arbitrary L p and l p norm respectively. The problems arise in connection with the frequency and magnitude response approximation at the design of nonrecursive digital filters in the frequency domain. Two main results of the article concern the completeness of the functions exp ( m ik y ), k = 0,1,2,… , with respect to a certain space of continuous functions. These results imply that, under usual assumptions and with increasing number of approximating functions exp ( m ik y ), the errors in the frequency and magnitude response approximation problems converge to zero when the design region is not the total interval [0, ~ ] (in case of real coefficients) and not [ m ~ , ~ ] (in case of complex coefficients) which is given for the majority of filter design problems, but that the frequency response errors may not converge to zero when the design region equals [0, ~ ] or [ m ~ , ~ ] respectively.