Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Landscape of Cytogenetic Aberrations in Light-Chain Amyloidosis with or without Coexistent Multiple Myeloma

Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) has been well established in the preliminary prognostic evaluation of multiple myeloma (MM). However, the chromosomal aberrations in patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis, notably in patients with coexistent MM, have been rarely investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of iFISH aberrations on the prognosis of systemic light-chain amyloidosis (AL) with and without concurrent MM. The iFISH results and clinical characteristics of 142 patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis were analyzed, and survival analysis was conducted. Among the 142 patients, 80 patients had AL amyloidosis alone, and the other 62 patients had concurrent MM. The incidence rate of 13q deletion, t(4;14), was higher in AL amyloidosis patients with concurrent MM than that of primary AL amyloidosis patients (27.4% vs. 12.5%, and 12.9% vs. 5.0%, respectively), and the incidence rate of t(11;14) in primary AL amyloidosis patients was higher than that in AL amyloidosis patients with concurrent MM (15.0% vs. 9.7%). Moreover, the two groups had the similar incidence rates of 1q21 gain (53.8% and 56.5%, respectively). The result of the survival analysis suggested that patients with t(11;14) and 1q21 gain had a shorter median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), irrespective of the presence or absence of MM, and patients with AL amyloidosis and concurrent MM carrying t(11;14) had the poorest prognosis, with a median OS time of 8.1 months.
A geodynamo powered by luni-solar precession

Abstract Controlled spin and precession of liquid filled oblate spheroidal cavities in laboratory experiments that simulate luni-solar forced precession of the mantle and a simplified analytical liquid flow model, indicate Earth core flows approximated as spin about a core axis that lags behind the precessing spin axis of the mantle by a small angle (∼0·01°). Core spin is slower than mantle spin by an amount consistent with westward drift of the magnetic field (∼0·2°/yr). Theoretical and experimental evidence argue against inertia waves being effective in preventing such motion. This precessional flow model is consistent with geodynamo requirements indicating a kinematic over a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo in that viscous core-mantle coupling may dominate magnetic coupling, with only negligible topographic coupling. While the model appears to provide geodynamo requirements, it does not preclude simultaneous density gradient convective mechanisms.
Probing the Inflow/Outflow and Accretion Disk of Cygnus X-1 in the High State with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating

Cygnus X-1 was observed in the high state at the conjunction orbital phase (0) with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG). Strong and asymmetric absorption lines of highly ionized species were detected, such as Fe XXV, Fe XXIV, Fe XXIII, Si XIV, S XVI, Ne X, etc. In the high state the profile of the absorption lines is composed of an extended red wing and a less extended blue wing. The red wings of higher ionized species are more extended than those of lower ionized species. The detection of these lines provides a way to probe the properties of the flow around the companion and the black hole in Cyg X-1 during the high state. A broad emission feature around 6.5 keV was significantly detected from the spectra of both the Chandra/HETG and the RXTE/Proportional Counter Array. This feature appears to be symmetric and can be fitted with a Gaussian function rather than the Laor disk line model of the fluorescent Fe Kα line from an accretion disk. The implications of these results on the structure of the accretion flow of Cyg X-1 in the high state are discussed.
Interaction of Jania rubens Polyphenolic Extract as an Antidiabetic Agent with α-Amylase, Lipase, and Trypsin: In Vitro Evaluations and In Silico Studies

Jania rubens red seaweed has various bioactive compounds that can be used for several medicinal and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we investigate the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant competency of Jania rubens polyphenolic extract (JRPE) by assessing their interactions with α-amylase, lipase, and trypsin enzymes. HPLC analysis revealed the dominance of twelve polyphenolic compounds. We performed computational analysis using α-amylase, lipase, and trypsin as target proteins for the polyphenols to explore their activities based on their predicted modes of binding sites following molecular modeling analysis. The molecular docking analysis demonstrated a good affinity score with a noticeable affinity to polyphenolic compositions of Jania rubens. The compounds with the highest affinity score for α-amylase (PDB: 4W93) were kaempferol, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid, with −8.4, −8.8 and −8 kcal/mol, respectively. Similarly, lipase (PDB: 1LPB) demonstrated high docking scores of −7.1, −7.4, and −7.2 kcal/mol for kaempferol, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid, respectively. Furthermore, for trypsin (PDB: 4DOQ) results, kaempferol, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid docking scores were −7.2, −7.2, and −7.1 kcal/mol, respectively. The docking findings were verified using in vitro evaluations, manifesting comparable results. Overall, these findings enlighten that the JRPE has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties using different diabetics’ enzymes that could be further studied using in vivo investigations for diabetes treatment.
ASCA X-ray spectra of the active single stars Beta Ceti and pi(1) Ursae Majoris

We present X-ray spectra obtained by ASCA of two single, active stars, the G dwarf π 1 UMa, and the G9/K0 giant βCet. The spectra of both stars require the presence of at least two plasma components with different temperatures, 0.3-0.4 keV and ~0.7 keV, in order for acceptable fits to be obtained. The spectral resolving power and signal-to-noise ratio of the solid state imaging spectrometer (SIS) spectra allow us to formally constrain the coronal abundances of a number of elements. In β Cet, we find Mg to be overabundant, while other elements such as O, Ne, and N are underabundant, relative to the solar photospheric values. From the lower signal-to-noise ratio SIS spectrum of π 1 UMa, we find evidence for underabundances of O, Ne, and Fe. These results are discussed in the context of the present understanding of elemental abundances in solar and stellar coronae.
Why are hedonists less happy than eudaimonists? The chain mediating role of goal conflict and mixed emotions

Introduction Human motivation for happiness involves two main orientations of hedonia and eudaimonia. Numerous studies have shown that hedonic motivation has a much smaller effect on happiness outcomes than eudaimonic motivation, but little is known about the reasons for this. According to the Self-Determination Theory and the Levels of Valence Model, this may be related to the different goal conflicts and mixed emotions elicited by the two motivations. To demonstrate this, the study examined the mediating effect of the above two variables between happiness motivation and life satisfaction. Furthermore, it explained why hedonists are less happy than eudaimonists by comparing the two happiness motivations in terms of their respective path effects. Methods The study randomly selected 788 college students from 13 different provinces of China to examine the relationships between hedonic motivation, eudaimonic motivation, goal conflict, mixed emotions, and life satisfaction. Results The result showed that (1) the direct effect of hedonic motivation on life satisfaction was marginally significant, and the effect size was much smaller than that of eudaimonic motivation. (2) The direct and indirect effects of hedonic motivation were the opposite, with a large suppressing effect. In contrast, all paths of eudaimonic motivation positively affected life satisfaction. (3) Hedonic motivation negatively influenced life satisfaction through mixed emotions and the chain mediating effect of goal conflict and mixed emotions, whereas eudaimonic motivation positively influenced life satisfaction through these two mediating paths. (4) The effects on all paths of hedonic motivation were significantly smaller than those of eudaimonic motivation, except for the path mediated by goal conflict. Discussion This study explains why hedonists are less happy than eudaimonists from the perspective of goal pursuit, emphasizes the critical role of differences in goal pursuit state and experience between happiness motivation and life satisfaction, and provides new ideas for the study of the influence mechanism of happiness motivation. At the same time, the deficiencies of hedonic motivation and the advantages of eudaimonic motivation presented by the study provide directions for cultivating happiness motivation for adolescents in the practice field.
Recent Insights into the Functional Role of AMPA Receptors in the Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells In Vivo

This review discusses the experimental findings of several recent studies which investigated the functional role of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) in oligodendrocyte lineage cells in vivo, in mice and in zebrafish. These studies provided valuable information showing that oligodendroglial AMPARs may be involved in the modulation of proliferation, differentiation, and migration of oligodendroglial progenitors, as well as survival of myelinating oligodendrocytes during physiological conditions in vivo. They also suggested that targeting the subunit composition of AMPARs may be an important strategy for treating diseases. However, at the same time, the experimental findings taken together still do not provide a clear picture on the topic. Hence, new ideas and new experimental designs are required for understanding the functional role of AMPARs in the oligodendrocyte lineage cells in vivo. It is also necessary to consider more closely the temporal and spatial aspects of AMPAR-mediated signalling in the oligodendrocyte lineage cells. These two important aspects are routinely discussed by neuronal physiologists studying glutamatergic synaptic transmission, but are rarely debated and thought about by researchers studying glial cells.
DMF-Activated Nrf2 Ameliorates Palmitic Acid Toxicity While Potentiates Ferroptosis Mediated Cell Death: Protective Role of the NO-Donor S-Nitroso-N-Acetylcysteine

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease that can develop into an aggressive form called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which ultimately progresses to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and end-stage liver failure. Currently, the deterioration of NAFLD is attributed to specific lipid toxicity which could be due to lipotoxicity and/or ferroptosis. In the current study, we evaluated the involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), which is a main activator of phase II metabolism in the two types of lipid-induced toxicity in hepatocytes, lipotoxicity by saturated fatty acids, and in ferroptosis, and the effect of NO donor treatment. AML12 cells were exposed to 600 μM palmitic acid to induce lipotoxicity or treated with 20 μM erastin or 5 μM RSL3 for ferroptosis. In SFA-lipotoxicity, pretreatment with the Nrf2 activator dimethyl fumarate (DMF) managed to ameliorate the cells and the oxidative stress level while aggravating ferroptosis due to emptying the thiol pool. On the other hand, the nitric oxide (NO)-donor, S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (NAC-SNO) proved to be effective in the prevention of hepatocytes ferroptosis.
Minimal immersions of Riemannian manifolds

An isometric immersion $M\rightarrow M^{\prime}$ of a Riemannian manifold $M$ in anothet manifold $M^{\prime}$ is called to be minimal, if each of its mean curvatures vanishes. In this paper we shall deal with minimal immersions of Riemannian manifolds in a space of constant curvature. In \S 1 we shall summarize notations and formulas concerning immersions which are all well-known, and give a criterion for a Riemannian manifold to be immersed minimally in a space of constant curvature (Theorem 1). In \S 2 we shall deal with an immersion $x:M\rightarrow R^{m+k}$ of a Riemannian mmanifold in an $(m+k)$-dimensional Euclidean space $R^{m+k}$ . If the image $x(M)$ of $M$ by $x$ is contained in an $(m+k-1)$ -dimensional sphere $S^{m+k-1}$ in $R^{m+k}$ , we shall call that the immersion $x$ realizes an immersion in a sphere. Since the immersion $x$ can be considered as a vector valued function on $M$, we can apply Laplace-Beltrami operator $\Delta$ to $x$ . Theorem 2 asserts that the immersion $x$ is minimal if and only if $\Delta x=0$ , and Theorem 3 asserts that the immersion $x$ realizes a minimal immersion in a sphere if and only if $\Delta x=\lambda x$ for some constant $\lambda\neq 0$ and the radius of the sphere is completely determined by $\lambda$ . Theorem 2 has been obtained by J. Eells and J. H. Sampson [1]. In \S 3 we shall give an example of a Riemannian manifold which admits an immersion $\chi$ in a Euclidean space satisfying $\Delta x=\lambda x$ , and prove that the compact homogeneous Riemannian manifold with irreducible linear isotropy group admits a minimal immersion in a sphere. This example is motivated by a work of T. Nagano [2]. The author is grateful to Professors T. Nagano and M. Obata for their many valuable suggestions in this research.
Stable ZnO thin film transistors by fast open air atomic layer deposition

We report stable, high performance zinc oxide thin film transistors grown by an atmospheric pressure atomic layer deposition system. With all deposition and processing steps kept at or below 200°C, the alumina gate dielectric shows low leakage (below 10−8A∕cm2) and high breakdown fields. Zinc oxide thin film transistors in a bottom gate geometry yield on/off ratios above 108, near zero turn-on voltage, little or no hysteresis, and mobility greater than 10cm2∕Vs. With alumina passivation, shifts in threshold voltage under gate bias stress compare favorably to those reported in the literature.
Caesium 6P fine-structure mixing and quenching induced by collisions with ground-state caesium atoms and molecules

Applying the cw laser fluorescence method, the cross sections for the fine structure mixing and quenching of the Cs 6P state, induced by collisions with ground-state caesium atoms and molecules, have been measured. Caesium atoms were optically excited to the 5DJ states via quadrupole-allowed 6S1/25DJ transitions, while the resonance states were populated by the radiative and collisional 5DJ6PJ transitions. The relative populations of the Cs 6PJ sublevels, as well as ratio of the 5D3/2 to 6P3/2 populations, were measured as a function of the caesium ground-state number density. From these measurements we obtained the cross section of (14±5) × 10-16 cm2 at T = 585 K for the process Cs(6P1/2)Cs(6P3/2) induced by collisions with ground-state caesium atoms. The applied experimental approach enabled the determination of the effective spontaneous rates for the 6PJ states which are in agreement with the predictions of Holstein's theory. The cross sections for quenching of 6PJ by caesium atoms and molecules were measured at T = 635 K and the obtained values are (1.6±1.4) × 10-16 cm2 and (1210±260) × 10-16 cm2, respectively. Using recently calculated Cs*+Cs potentials we performed an analysis which shows a good agreement between the measured values and the theoretical estimates.
Predictive biomarkers of response to immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer - state of the art and future perspectives.

BACKGROUND Immunotherapy by using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) heralded a new era in the treatment of patients with advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, in a substantial proportion of TNBC patients, the clinical outcomes of ICIs treatment remain unpredict-able and proper bio-markers to identify tumors sensitive to immunotherapy are urgently needed. Currently, the most clinically relevant bio-markers used to predict efficacy of ICIs in patients with advanced TNBC remain the immunohistochemical analysis of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, the assessment of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) present in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the evaluation of the tumor mutational burden (TMB). Emerging bio-markers related to activation of the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway, the discoidin domain receptor 1, and thrombospondin-1 as well as other cellular and molecular factors present within TME, have the potential to be utilized as predictors of response to ICIs in the future. PURPOSE In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of mechanisms regulating PD-L1 expression, of the predictive value of TILs as well as of associated cellular and molecular components present in the TME in TNBC. Furthermore, TMB and emerging bio-markers with potential value in predicting efficacy of ICIs are discussed, and new therapeutic strategies will be outlined.
Old-age behaviour of cylindrical and spherical nonlinear waves: numerical and asymptotic results

Asymptotic and numerical analyses are presented for the nonlinear evolution of cylindrical and spherical acoustic waves subject to thermoviscous dissipation. Old-age asymptotic solutions of generalized Burgers equations are obtained for initially discontinuous profiles. These solutions and the underlying asymptotic structure are completely validated by the numerical results. For cylindrical geometry the numerical analysis supplements the asymptotic analysis by providing numerical amplitude coefficients that were previously undetermined.
Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using Acacia nilotica leaf extracts and investigation of their electrochemical and biological properties

Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted the researcher's attention due to its rapid, cost-effective, sustainable and eco-friendly nature. Current studies were carried out to perform and investigate the green synthesis of NiO NPs with aqueous (NiO(aqueous)) and ethanolic extracts (NiO(ethanolic)) of Acacia nilotica leaves, respectively. The NPs were characterized by spectroscopic, microscopic and thermometric techniques including FTIR, Raman, XRD, SEM, TGA and DSC. The electrochemical properties, antibacterial potential and haemolytic activities of the synthesized NPs were also examined. XRD patterns revealed the face-centred cubic structures of NiO NPs and a high degree of crystallinity. The average crystallite size of NiO(aqueous) NPs was significantly smaller (16 nm) than that of NiO(ethanolic) NPs (28 nm). SEM images show that NiO NPs are spherical. The synthesized NiO NPs demonstrate good electrochemical stability at an operating potential of −0.5-0.5 V. The inhibition effect of NiO NPs(ethanol) against B. subtilis, was comparable to the ciprofloxacin.
Turbulence structure in a water jet discharging in air

Special purpose high‐speed cameras have been developed which enable the detailed visualization of turbulent water jets discharging in air. The laminar‐turbulent transition and initial turbulent formation on the surface of the jet is followed by amplified disturbances which result in spray detachment. A very large modification to this process is observed when polymers are added to the water.
Measurement and modelling of homogeneous axisymmetric turbulence

A new method for determining the slow and rapid pressure-strain rate terms directly from wind-tunnel experiments has been developed with the aid of a newly developed theoretical description of the kinematics of homogeneous axisymmetric turbulence. Both the straining and the return-to-isotropy process of homogeneous axisymmetric turbulence are studied with the aim of improving Reynolds stress closures. Direct experimental determination of the different terms in the transport equation for the Reynolds stress tensor plays a major role in the validation and development of turbulence models. For the first time it is shown that the pressure{strain correlation can be determined with good accuracy without balancing it out from the Reynolds stress transport equation (and without measuring the pressure). Instead it is determined through evaluation of integrals containing second- and third-order two-point velocity correlations. All the terms in the Reynolds stress equations are measured directly and balance is achieved.
Condition Monitoring of Additively Manufactured Injection Mould Tooling: A Review of Demands, Opportunities and Potential Strategies

Injection moulding (IM) is an important industrial process, known to be the most used plastic formation technique. Demand for faster cycle times and higher product customisation is driving interest in additive manufacturing (AM) as a new method for mould tool manufacturing. The use of AM offers advantages such as greater design flexibility and conformal cooling of components to reduce cycle times and increase product precision. However, shortcomings of metal additive manufacturing, such as porosity and residual stresses, introduce uncertainties about the reliability and longevity of AM tooling. The injection moulding process relies on high volumes of produced parts and a minimal amount of tool failures. This paper reviews the demands for tool condition monitoring systems for AM-manufactured mould tools; although tool failures in conventionally manufactured tooling are rare, they do occur, usually due to cracking, deflection, and channel blockages. However, due to the limitations of the AM process, metal 3D-printed mould tools are susceptible to failures due to cracking, delamination and deformation. Due to their success in other fields, acoustic emission, accelerometers and ultrasound sensors offer the greatest potential in mould tool condition monitoring. Due to the noisy machine environment, sophisticated signal processing and decision-making algorithms are required to prevent false alarms or the missing of warning signals. This review outlines the state of the art in signal decomposition and both data- and model-based approaches to determination of the current state of the tool, and how these can be employed for IM tool condition monitoring. The development of such a system would help to ensure greater industrial uptake of additive manufacturing of injection mould tooling, by increasing confidence in the technology, further improving the efficiency and productivity of the sector.
Thriving While Working Remotely: The Role of Family-Work Affect, Exploration, and Ambidextrous Leadership

The new world of work has seen many employees adapting to the dynamics of working from home. With the change in location, the factors that promote employee thriving while working have altered as well. Drawing on the literature on thriving and broaden-and-build theory, this research examines how family-work affect helps employee thriving through increased exploration, with conditional effect of ambidextrous leader. Based on two studies (n = 483), results confirm the proposed model. In Study 1, the mediating effect of exploration in the relationship between family-work affect and thriving is supported on a sample of university students. Study 2 corroborates the mediating effect and supports the moderating role of ambidextrous leadership among employees. Specifically, the positive effects of family affective experiences on an individual’s exploration were greater under high levels of ambidextrous leadership behaviors. The practical recommendations offered are intended to increase thriving while working from home.