Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OFDM Versus Filter Bank Multicarrier

As of today, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been the dominant technology for broadband multicarrier communications. However, in certain applications such as cognitive radios and uplink of multiuser multicarrier systems, where a subset of subcarriers is allocated to each user, OFDM may be an undesirable solution. In this article, we address the shortcomings of OFDM in these and other applications and show that filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) could be a more effective solution. Although FBMC methods have been studied by a number of researchers, and some even before the invention of OFDM, only recently has FBMC been seriously considered by a few standard committees.
Spatially coupled LDPC codes for two-user decode-and-forward relaying

We present a decode-and-forward transmission scheme that is based on spatially coupled LDPC codes and applies to a network consisting of two sources, one relay, and one destination. The relay performs network coding to achieve full diversity. We prove analytically that the proposed scheme achieves the Shannon limit on the binary erasure relay channel for symmetric channel conditions. Using density evolution, we furthermore demonstrate that our scheme approaches capacity also for asymmetric channel conditions.
Microwave Background Constraints on Cosmological Parameters

We use a high-accuracy computational code to investigate the precision with which cosmological parameters could be reconstructed by future cosmic microwave background experiments. We focus on the two planned satellite missions: MAP and Planck. We identify several parameter combinations that could be determined with a few percent accuracy with the two missions, as well as some degeneracies among the parameters that cannot be accurately resolved with the temperature data alone. These degeneracies can be broken by other astronomical measurements. Polarization measurements can significantly enhance the science return of both missions by allowing a more accurate determination of some cosmological parameters, by enabling the detection of gravity waves and by probing the ionization history of the universe. We also address the question of how Gaussian the likelihood function is around the maximum and whether gravitational lensing changes the constraints.
Nick Gravish Gecko adhesion : evolutionary nanotechnology

References l.html#ref-list-1 http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/366/1870/1575.ful This article cites 84 articles, 18 of which can be accessed free Rapid response 1870/1575 http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing. org/letters/submit/roypta;366/ Respond to this article Email alerting service here in the box at the top right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up
C-TREND : A New Technique for Identifying and Visualizing Trends in Multi-Attribute Transactional Data

Organizations and firms are increasingly capturing more data about their customers, suppliers, competitors, and business environment. Most of this data is multi-attribute (multi-dimensional) and temporal in nature. Data mining and business intelligence techniques are often used to discover patterns in such data; however, mining temporal relationships typically is a complex task. We propose a new data analysis and visualization technique for representing trends in multi-attribute temporal data using a clustering-based approach. We introduce C-TREND, a system that implements the temporal cluster graph construct, which maps multi-attribute temporal data to a two-dimensional graph that clearly identifies trends in dominant data types over time. In this paper, we present our temporal clustering-based technique, discuss its algorithmic implementation and performance, demonstrate applications of the technique by analyzing data on wireless networking technologies and baseball batting statistics, and introduce a set of metrics for further analysis of discovered trends.
Distributed Spatial Keyword Querying on Road Networks

Spatial-keyword queries on road networks are receiving increasing attention with the prominence of location-based services. There is a growing need to handle queries on road networks in distributed environments because a large network is typically distributed over multiple machines and it will improve query throughput. However, all the existing work on spatial keyword queries is based on a centralized setting. In this paper, we develop a distributed solution to answering spatial keyword queries on road networks. Example queries include \nd locations near a supermarket and a hospital," and \nd Chinese restaurants within 500 meters from my current location. " We dene an operation for answering such queries and reduce the problem of answering a query into computing a function of such operations. We propose a new distributed index that enables each machine to independently evaluate the operation on its network fragment in a distributed setting. We theoretically prove the space optimality of the proposed index technique. We conduct experiments with a distributed setting. Experimental results demonstrate the promising performance of our method.
Pattern Adaptive Data Buffering Scheme for SCM-based Memory-Storage System

New non-volatile memory devices can overcome DRAM’s high energy consumption, volatility, and the density scaling limit. By using these advantages, next generation nonvolatile memory devices can be a promising candidate replacing conventional memory devices such as DRAM. In this paper, we propose a pattern adaptive buffering management method for the superblock-based M-D (memory-disk) adapter that can be used for the SCM (storage class memory)-based memory-storage system merging conventional main memory layer and disk storage layer into a single memory layer. The superblock-based pattern adaptive buffering scheme can enhance spatial/temporal localities and optimize the data reusability. For selective locality management, a superblock is composed of several subblocks. These sub-blocks of a superblock are classified according to access counts using the filtering scheme to enhance the accessing performance and reusability for the M-D adapter structure. Experimental results show that the proposed adapter improves the buffer miss rate by about 57.8%. Keywords— Storage class memory; phase-change RAM; Dual Bugffers; hybrid memory;
Phenylketonuria and Hirschsprung Disease—A Report of an Unusual Neonatal Presentation

We describe a term born boy of non-consanguineous Swiss parents with tetrahydrobiopterine (BH4)-responsive Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Hirschsprung disease with unusual neonatal presentation. The child presented with floppiness, irritability, recurrent bilious vomiting and failure to pass meconium until 32 hours after birth, resulting in the clinical suspicion of an intoxication-type metabolic disease such as maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). Although the slightly elevated branched-chain amino acids in newborn screening on the fourth day of life initially supported the clinical suspicion of MSUD, the elevated Phenylalanine (Phe) of 650 µmol/L, low Tyrosine (Tyr) of 30 µmol/L, and a Phe/Tyr ratio of 22, led to the diagnosis of PKU. BH4-testing resulted in a significant decrease of Phe from 1011 to 437 µmol/L within 24 h. Urinary pterins and dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity were normal, supporting the diagnosis of BH4-responsive PKU. Dietary restriction of Phe was initiated immediately, but oral feeding turned out to be difficult because of gastrointestinal symptoms. Intestinal motility disorder was suspected due to distended abdomen, obstructive symptoms and radiological findings with dilated intestinal loops and lack of intestinal gas in the anorectal region. Hirschsprung disease was confirmed by rectal suction biopsies and treated by a laparoscopically-assisted transanal pull-through (de la Torre) procedure. The boy is additionally compound heterozygous for two mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene, which confirmed BH4-responsive PKU. It is the first case to be described in the literature of the comorbidity of PKU and Hirschsprung disease.
RYBP, a new repressor protein that interacts with components of the mammalian Polycomb complex, and with the transcription factor YY1

The products of the Polycomb group (PcG) of genes are necessary for the maintenance of transcriptional repression of a number of important developmental genes, including the homeotic genes. A two‐hybrid screen was used to search for putative new members of the PcG of genes in mammals. We have identified a new Zn finger protein, RYBP, which interacts directly with both Ring1 proteins (Ring1A and Ring1B) and with M33, two mutually interacting sets of proteins of the mammalian Polycomb complex. Ring1 binds RYBP and M33 through the same C‐terminal domain, whereas the RYBP–M33 interaction takes place through an M33 domain not involved in Ring1 binding. RYBP also interacts directly with YY1, a transcription factor partially related to the product of the Drosophila pleiohomeotic gene. In addition, we show here that RYBP acts as a transcriptional repressor in transiently transfected cells. Finally, RYBP shows a dynamic expression pattern during embryogenesis which initially overlaps partially that of Ring1A in the central nervous system, and later becomes ubiquitous. Taken together, these data suggest that RYBP may play a relevant role in PcG function in mammals.
Localized Hexagon Patterns of the Planar Swift-Hohenberg Equation

We investigate stationary spatially localized hexagon patterns of the two-dimensional (2D) Swift–Hohenberg equation in the parameter region where the trivial state and regular hexagon patterns are both stable. Using numerical continuation techniques, we trace out the existence regions of fully localized hexagon patches and of planar pulses which consist of a strip filled with hexagons that is embedded in the trivial state. We find that these patterns exhibit snaking: for each parameter value in the snaking region, an infinite number of patterns exist that are connected in parameter space and whose width increases without bound. Our computations also indicate a relation between the limits of the snaking regions of planar hexagon pulses with different orientations and of the fully localized hexagon patches. To investigate which hexagons among the one-parameter family of hexagons are selected in a hexagon pulse or front, we derive a conserved quantity of the spatial dynamical system that describes planar pat.
A Computational Model of Collaborative Creativity: A Meta-Design Approach

The role of collaboration in the realm of social creativity has been the focus of cutting edge research in design studies. In this paper, the authors investigate the role of collaboration in the process of creative design and propose a computational model of creativity based on the newly proposed meta-design approach. Meta-design is a unique participatory approach to design that deals with opening up of design solution spaces, and is aimed at creating a viable social platform for collaborative design. A meta-design-based collaborative approach to the design process may achieve ET-creativity by expanding the conceptual space of design beyond what would have been possible by individual, non-collaborative design. The model has been implemented using interactive genetic algorithms, which casts the design problem as an optimization problem and uses a set of collaborative users for subjective fitness evaluation. The design problems investigated include the collaborative design of architectural floorplans and editorial design of brochures.
Sherlock: Micro-Environment Sensing for Smartphones

Context-awareness is getting increasingly important for a range of mobile and pervasive applications on nowadays smartphones. Whereas human-centric contexts (e.g., indoor/ outdoor, at home/in office, driving/walking) have been extensively researched, few attempts have studied from phones' perspective (e.g., on table/sofa, in pocket/bag/hand). We refer to such immediate surroundings as micro-environment, usually several to a dozen of centimeters, around a phone. In this study, we design and implement Sherlock, a micro-environment sensing platform that automatically records sensor hints and characterizes the micro-environment of smartphones. The platform runs as a daemon process on a smartphone and provides finer-grained environment information to upper layer applications via programming interfaces. Sherlock is a unified framework covering the major cases of phone usage, placement, attitude, and interaction in practical uses with complicated user habits. As a long-term running middleware, Sherlock considers both energy consumption and user friendship. We prototype Sherlock on Android OS and systematically evaluate its performance with data collected on fifteen scenarios during three weeks. The preliminary results show that Sherlock achieves low energy cost, rapid system deployment, and competitive sensing accuracy.
The Origin of Structures in Wolf-Rayet Winds: FUSE Observations of WR 135

We report the detection with FUSE of strong, highly blueshifted absorption features appearing in the absorption troughs of practically all major P Cygni profiles in the presumably single Wolf-Rayet star WR 135. These features also appear in the shock-sensitive O VI λλ1032, 1038 doublet, coincident both in time and in velocity space with the rest of the lower ionization species. Choosing between two alternative interpretations (large-scale, coherent structures vs. localized, random shocks), we favor the latter. The absolute value of the velocity as well as the velocity dispersion in the shocked region, the density of the shocked gas, and the timescales of the observed variability allow us to relate the observed shocks to the incidence of numerous overdense clumps (blobs) in the wind of a hot, massive star.
Graph-based Isometry Invariant Representation Learning

Learning transformation invariant representations of visual data is an important problem in computer vision. Deep convolutional networks have demonstrated remarkable results for image and video classification tasks. However, they have achieved only limited success in the classification of images that undergo geometric transformations. In this work we present a novel Transformation Invariant Graph-based Network (TIGraNet), which learns graph-based features that are inherently invariant to isometric transformations such as rotation and translation of input images. In particular, images are represented as signals on graphs, which permits to replace classical convolution and pooling layers in deep networks with graph spectral convolution and dynamic graph pooling layers that together contribute to invariance to isometric transformations. Our experiments show high performance on rotated and translated images from the test set compared to classical architectures that are very sensitive to transformations in the data. The inherent invariance properties of our framework provide key advantages, such as increased resiliency to data variability and sustained performance with limited training sets.
Marriage or dissolution? Union transitions among poor cohabiting women

The objective of this paper is to identify the incentives and barriers to marriage among cohabiting women, especially disadvantaged mothers who are targets of welfare reform. We use the newly released cohabitation data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979–2000), which tracks the partners of cohabiting women across survey waves. Our results support several conclusions. First, cohabiting unions are short-lived—about one-half end within one year, and over 90% end by the fifth year. Unlike most previous research, our results show that most cohabiting unions end by dissolution of the relationship rather than by marriage. Second, transitions to marriage are especially unlikely among poor women; less than one-third marry within five years. Cohabitation among poor women is more likely than that among nonpoor women to be a long-term alternative or substitute for traditional marriage. Third, our multinomial analysis of transitions from cohabitation into marriage or dissolution highlights the salience of economically disadvantaged family backgrounds, cohabitation and fertility histories, women’s economic resources, and partner characteristics. These results are interpreted in a policy environment that increasingly views marriage as an economic panacea for low-income women and their children.
Robust tracking of a mobile beacon using time differences of arrival with simultaneous calibration of receiver positions

Localization based on time differences of arrival (TDOA) has turned out to be a promising approach when neither receiver positions nor the positions of signal origins are known a priori. In this paper, we consider calibration-free tracking of a mobile beacon using TDOA, i.e., the positions of the receivers are not given. We propose a probabilistic formulation using a particle filter to simultaneously localize the signal beacon and the receivers. Our method is robust against measurement outliers and incorrect initialization. This is achieved through a probabilistic sensor model for TDOA data which explicitly considers the measurement uncertainty and takes into account disproportional errors caused by measurement outliers. For the reliable initialization of the particle filter, we apply an iterative optimization approach to multiple subsets of TDOA data, where the best solution is implicitly selected by appropriate weighing of the sensor model. We verify the robustness of our approach in extensive experiments in a spacious indoor environment by an ultrasound beacon moving on various trajectories. We demonstrate that our approach ensures a proper initialization of the particle filter and provides accurate position estimates for the signal beacon and the receivers even in case of measurement outliers. Compared to position references of an optical motion capture system we achieve mean position errors below 5 centimeters.
Direct Least Square Fitting of Ellipses

This work presents a new efficient method for fitting ellipses to scattered data. Previous algorithms either fitted general conics or were computationally expensive. By minimizing the algebraic distance subject to the constraint 4ac-b/sup 2/=1, the new method incorporates the ellipticity constraint into the normalization factor. The proposed method combines several advantages: It is ellipse-specific, so that even bad data will always return an ellipse. It can be solved naturally by a generalized eigensystem. It is extremely robust, efficient, and easy to implement.
Market valuation of strategic responses to open source news and announcements

This paper examines the disruptive impact that open source (OS) software has on the mainstream software market within the period 2001 2003. The findings indicate that the stock market reacted negatively when the strategic responses of closed source incumbents were antagonistic to open source despite their relentless effort and investment in product and service enhancement. Whereas their counterparts that embraced open source were most likely to perform well on the stock market and successfully enter into the emerging new markets.
How much is a health insurer willing to pay for Colorectal Cancer screening tests?

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) screening tests have proven to be cost-effective in preventing cancer incidence. Yet, as recent studies have shown, CRC screening tests are noticeably underutilized. Among the factors influencing CRC screening test utilization, the role of health insurers has gained considerable attention in recent studies. In this paper, we propose an analytical model for the market of CRC screening tests and show how the insurer can benefit from a computer simulation model to cope with the problem of incomplete and asymmetric information inherent in this market. Our estimates reveal that promoting CRC screening tests is not necessarily economically attractive to the insurer, unless the insurer¿s valuation of life is greater than a certain limit. We use the proposed model to estimate such a threshold - the insurer¿s willingness-to-pay to acquire one additional life year by covering the CRC screening tests.
A near-linear constant-factor approximation for euclidean bipartite matching?

In the Euclidean bipartite matching problem, we are given a set <i>R</i> of "red" points and a set <i>B</i> of "blue" points in ℝ<sup>3</sup> where |<i>R</i>| = |<i>B</i>| = <i>n</i>, and we want to pair up each red point with a distinct blue point so that the sum of distances between the paired points is minimized. We present an approximation algorithm that given any parameter 0 < <i>ε</i> < 1 runs in <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>1+ε</sup>) expected time and returns a matching whose expected cost is within a multiplicative factor <i>O</i>(log (1/<i>ε</i>)) of the optimal. The dimension <i>d</i> is considered to be a fixed constant.
Litter loss triggers estrus in a nonsocial seasonal breeder

Sexually selected infanticide (SSI) is often presumed to be rare among seasonal breeders, because it would require a near immediate return to estrus after the loss of an entire litter during the mating season. We evaluated changes in reproductive strategies and the reproductive fate of females that experienced litter loss during the mating season in a seasonal breeder with strong evidence for SSI, the brown bear. First, we used a long-term demographic dataset (1986–2011) to document that a large majority of females (>91%) that lose their entire litter during the mating season in fact do enter estrus, mate, and give birth during the subsequent birthing season. Second, we used high-resolution movement data (2005–2011) to evaluate how females changed reproductive strategies after losing their entire litter during the mating season. We hypothesized that females would shift from the sedentary lifestyle typical for females with cubs-of-the-year to a roam-to-mate behavior typical for receptive females in no more than a few (∼3) days after litter loss. We found that females with cubs-of-the-year moved at about 1/3 of the rate and in a less bimodal diurnal pattern than receptive females during the mating season. The probability of litter loss was positively related with movement rate, suggesting that being elusive and sedentary is a strategy to enhance cub survival rather than a relic of cub mobility itself. The movement patterns of receptive females and females after litter loss were indistinguishable within 1–2 days after the litter loss, and we illustrate that SSI can significantly reduce the female interbirth interval (50–85%). Our results suggest that SSI can also be advantageous for males in seasonally breeding mammals. We propose that infanticide as a male reproductive strategy is more prevalent among mammals with reproductive seasonality than observed or reported.