Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Processes Controlling The Distribution Of Permeability In Crystalline Rocks In The Upper 2 Kilometers Of The Earth’s Crust

VIII Based on a worldwide data compilation, consisting of about 30000 single in-situ permeability measurements to depths of 2000 mbgs, the influence of technical factors (measurement method, scale effects, orientation of the measurement section), and geological factors (lithology, current stress field, current seismotectonic activity, tectono-geological history) have been analyzed on permeability-depth relationships using log-log regressions. The technical factors are strongly interconnected because the testing methods are always applied for specific purposes. Based on calculated rock test volumes, a clear scale dependency of permeability-depth trends has been observed. Preferential sampling and anisotropy resulting from the orientation of the measurement section are negligible. Depth is generally the most important geological factor, resulting in a permeability decrease of three to four orders of magnitude in the investigated depth range. Permeabilities are highest close to the surface due to stressrelaxation and/or chemical alteration and decrease intensively below the uppermost few hundreds of meters, as open fractures become fewer due to increasing stresses and weaker chemical dissolution. The global data set suggests that the depth dependency of permeability and storage are strongly correlated, and that the matrix porosity becomes increasingly important with depth below about 1000 mbgs. Seismotectonic activity described by peak ground acceleration and the long-term tectonogeological history described by geological province, are the other most important geological factors controlling site specific depth-permeability functions. In most crystalline rock these factors have larger control on permeability than lithology. The only systematic exceptions discovered are contact metamorphic rocks, marbles and quartzites. In summary, this study compiled and analyzed a unique hydraulic and geological dataset of a single mining site (Poehla-Tellerhaeuser Ore Field), an extraordinary hydrogeological dataset of the Ore Mountains (Germany) and the new very large worldwide database of permeability measurements in the crystalline basement to depths of 2000 mbgs. By multivariate-statistical means, new models of permeability distributions in fault zones have been derived, and novel insights were gained into the factors controlling permeability in crystalline rocks in various geological settings.
Improving the Tolerance of Stochastic LDPC Decoders to Overclocking-Induced Timing Errors: A Tutorial and a Design Example

Channel codes, such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, may be employed in wireless communication schemes for correcting transmission errors. This tolerance to channel-induced transmission errors allows the communication schemes to achieve higher transmission throughputs, at the cost of requiring additional processing for performing LDPC decoding. However, this LDPC decoding operation is associated with a potentially inadequate processing throughput, which may constrain the attainable transmission throughput. In order to increase the processing throughput, the clock period may be reduced, albeit this is at the cost of potentially introducing timing errors. Previous research efforts have considered a paucity of solutions for mitigating the occurrence of timing errors in channel decoders, by employing additional circuitry for detecting and correcting these overclocking-induced timing errors. Against this background, in this paper, we demonstrate that stochastic LDPC decoders (LDPC-SDs) are capable of exploiting their inherent error correction capability for correcting not only transmission errors, but also timing errors, even without the requirement for additional circuitry. Motivated by this, we provide the first comprehensive tutorial on LDPC-SDs. We also propose a novel design flow for timing-error-tolerant LDPC decoders. We use this to develop a timing error model for LDPC-SDs and investigate how their overall error correction performance is affected by overclocking. Drawing upon our findings, we propose a modified LDPC-SD, having an improved timing error tolerance. In a particular practical scenario, this modification eliminates approximately 1-dB performance degradation that is suffered by an overclocked LDPC-SD without our modification, enabling the processing throughput to be increased by up to 69.4%, which is achieved without compromising the error correction capability or processing energy consumption of the LDPC-SD.
Decomposition of Multimodal Data for Affordance-based Identification of Potential Grasps

In this paper, we apply standard decomposition approaches to the problem of finding local correlations in multi-modal and high-dimensional grasping data, particularly to correlate the local shape of cup-like objects to their associated local grasp configurations. We compare the capability of several decomposition methods to establish these task-relevant, inter-modal correlations and indicate how they can be exploited to find potential contact points and hand postures for novel, though similar, objects.
The Interference of Selected Cytotoxic Alkaloids with the Cytoskeleton: An Insight into Their Modes of Action

Alkaloids, the largest group among the nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites of plants, usually interact with several molecular targets. In this study, we provide evidence that six cytotoxic alkaloids (sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelidonine, noscapine, protopine, homoharringtonine), which are known to affect neuroreceptors, protein biosynthesis and nucleic acids, also interact with the cellular cytoskeleton, such as microtubules and actin filaments, as well. Sanguinarine, chelerythrine and chelidonine depolymerized the microtubule network in living cancer cells (Hela cells and human osteosarcoma U2OS cells) and inhibited tubulin polymerization in vitro with IC50 values of 48.41 ± 3.73, 206.39 ± 4.20 and 34.51 ± 9.47 μM, respectively. However, sanguinarine and chelerythrine did not arrest the cell cycle while 2.5 μM chelidonine arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase with 88.27% ± 0.99% of the cells in this phase. Noscapine and protopine apparently affected microtubule structures in living cells without affecting tubulin polymerization in vitro, which led to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, promoting this cell population to 73.42% ± 8.31% and 54.35% ± 11.26% at a concentration of 80 μM and 250.9 μM, respectively. Homoharringtonine did not show any effects on microtubules and cell cycle, while the known microtubule-stabilizing agent paclitaxel was found to inhibit tubulin polymerization in the presence of MAPs in vitro with an IC50 value of 38.19 ± 3.33 μM. Concerning actin filaments, sanguinarine, chelerythrine and chelidonine exhibited a certain effect on the cellular actin filament network by reducing the mass of actin filaments. The interactions of these cytotoxic alkaloids with microtubules and actin filaments present new insights into their molecular modes of action.
Profile of Student Life Skills on Environmental Change Problems on the topic of Waste Recycling

Life skills is one of the skills or ability to solve a problem. Life skills of academic skills is one that students need in solving problems one of them in everyday life. This study aims to analyze student's life skills by using three indicators on academic ability: identifying and connecting variables, mastering knowledge, and thinking strategically. This research uses a descriptive method. Data collection is done by giving a questionnaire of academic proficiency about environmental changes on the topic of waste recycling to students in one of the SMA Negeri in Karawang West Java. The results showed that the academic skills in the indicators identify and connect the variables have an average of 2.90 with the medium category, the indicator has knowledge of the average of 2.79 with the medium category, while the indicator of strategic thinking has an average of 3.26 with high category, student academic skills still need to be improved again. Keywords—life skills; academic skills; environmental changes; waste recycling
Dipole Types of Autumn Precipitation Variability Over the Subtropical East Asia‐Western Pacific Modulated by Shifting ENSO

Recent autumns have exhibited two dipole types of precipitation variability (DIPO1 and DIPO2) over the subtropical East Asia‐western Pacific (SEAWP). Meanwhile, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has undergone significant mode shift, exhibiting as the eastern Pacific or central Pacific ENSO (EPSO or CPSO). Whether there was any physical linkage between the two remains unclear. Here we demonstrate for the first time that interannual variations of DIPO1 and DIPO2 are closely linked to EPSO and CPSO, respectively. Shifting ENSO modulates the patterns of SEAWP precipitation dipole mainly via changing the path of tropospheric moisture transport and the location of anomalous water vapor convergence/divergence due to different low‐level cyclone/anticyclone activities induced by EPSO or CPSO. Further analysis shows that the interdecadal variability of SEAWP precipitation is also linked to the La Niña‐like climate shift in 1998. Hence, our study provides some new insight into the ongoing hot debate on the shifting ENSO and increasing autumn drought in southeastern China.
Reducing leakage power in instruction cache using WDC for embedded processors

Power consumption is an important design issue of current embedded systems and SoC. It has been shown that instruction cache accounts for a significant portion of the power dissipation of the whole processor chip. WDC (way-decay cache) proposed in this paper is a novel cache architecture with resizable associativity and low leakage power. Experiment results show that for the SPECint95 benchmarks, WDC reduces energy consumption without significantly hindering performance.
Applications of the Chaotic Quantum Genetic Algorithm with Support Vector Regression in Load Forecasting

Accurate electricity forecasting is still the critical issue in many energy management fields. The applications of hybrid novel algorithms with support vector regression (SVR) models to overcome the premature convergence problem and improve forecasting accuracy levels also deserve to be widely explored. This paper applies chaotic function and quantum computing concepts to address the embedded drawbacks including crossover and mutation operations of genetic algorithms. Then, this paper proposes a novel electricity load forecasting model by hybridizing chaotic function and quantum computing with GA in an SVR model (named SVRCQGA) to achieve more satisfactory forecasting accuracy levels. Experimental examples demonstrate that the proposed SVRCQGA model is superior to other competitive models.
Multi-Perspective Requirements Engineering for Networked Business Systems: A Framework for Pattern Composition

How business and software analysts explore, document, and negotiate requirements for enterprise systems is critical to the benefits their organizations will eventually derive. In this paper, we present a framework for analysis and redesign of networked business systems. It is based on libraries of patterns which are derived from existing Internet businesses. The framework includes three perspectives: Economic value, Business processes, and Application communication, each of which applies a goal-oriented method to compose patterns. By means of consistency relationships between perspectives, we demonstrate the usefulness of the patterns as a light-weight approach to exploration of business ideas.
Add-on Solution Success: A Configurational View on Knowledge Sharing in Digital Platforms

Digital platforms serve as a foundation upon which manifold firms develop complementary add-ons to address heterogeneous customer needs. In order to successfully stimulate partner contributions platform vendors need to share knowledge with partners that enables them to develop add-ons. Vendors face a trade-off between addressing idiosyncratic needs of partners while ensuring the scalability of knowledge sharing. Literature indicates that standardized or idiosyncratic knowledge sharing does not per se result in successful outcomes, but rather depends on how knowledge sharing addresses characteristics of the platform’s architecture. In order to increase our understanding of this trade-off we derive a typology of platform architecture and knowledge sharing. We conduct an empirical study at a large enterprise platform vendor to uncover configurations of knowledge sharing approaches. We distill successful knowledge sharing approaches following a set-theoretic approach. Our research in progress offers insights into our preliminary results and gives an outlook on our future research.
Effect of Duration of Irrigation with Sodium Hypochlorite in Clinical Protocol of MTAD on Removal of Smear Layer and Creating Dentinal Erosion

Background and aims The aim of the present study was to compare 1.3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in MTAD (mixture of tetracycline isomer, acid, and detergent) for the removal of the smear layer and induction of canal erosion. Materials and methods 38 maxillary incisors were divided in three experimental groups of 10 and two positive and negative control groups of each 4 teeth, and prepared using rotary files. In test groups, 1.3% NaOCl was used for 5, 10 and 20 minutes during preparation followed by MTAD as the final rinse. In negative control group, 5.25% NaOCl was used for 10 minutes followed by 17% Ethylenediamine Tetra-Acetic Acid (EDTA) as the final rinse. In positive control group, dis-tilled water was used for 10 minutes during preparation and then as the final rinse. The samples were examined under scan-ning electron microscope, and the smear layer and dentinal erosion scores were recorded. Results Five and 10 min groups had significant differences with 20 min group (p < 0.05). In apical third, 5 and 10 min groups had also significant differences with 20 min (p < 0.05). In the coronal thirds, when the time of irrigation with 1.3% NaOCl increased from 5 min to 20 min, erosion also increased significantly. However, 5 and 10 min groups had no signifi-cant differences with negative control group. Conclusion The use of 1.3% sodium hypochlorite for 5 and 10 minutes in the MTAD protocol removes the smear layer in the coronal and middle thirds but does not induce erosion.
Transport into and out of the Nucleus

SUMMARY A defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells is the possession of a nuclear envelope. Transport of macromolecules between the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments occurs through nuclear pore complexes that span the double membrane of this envelope. The molecular basis for transport has been revealed only within the last few years. The transport mechanism lacks motors and pumps and instead operates by a process of facilitated diffusion of soluble carrier proteins, in which vectoriality is provided by compartment-specific assembly and disassembly of cargo-carrier complexes. The carriers recognize localization signals on the cargo and can bind to pore proteins. They also bind a small GTPase, Ran, whose GTP-bound form is predominantly nuclear. Ran-GTP dissociates import carriers from their cargo and promotes the assembly of export carriers with cargo. The ongoing discovery of numerous carriers, Ran-independent transport mechanisms, and cofactors highlights the complexity of the nuclear transport process. Multiple regulatory mechanisms are also being identified that control cargo-carrier interactions. Circadian rhythms, cell cycle, transcription, RNA processing, and signal transduction are all regulated at the level of nucleocytoplasmic transport. This review focuses on recent discoveries in the field, with an emphasis on the carriers and cofactors involved in transport and on possible mechanisms for movement through the nuclear pores.
The results of two multicenter, open-label studies assessing efficacy, tolerability and safety of protiramer, a high molecular weight synthetic copolymeric mixture, in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

Objective Two pilot studies were conducted to evaluate safety, tolerability, and efficacy of two doses of Protiramer (TV-5010) in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Background Both glatiramer acetate and TV-5010 are synthetic copolymers comprised the same four amino acids in a defined molar ratio. TV-5010 has higher average molecular weight than Glatiramer acetate and might be hypothesized that glatiramoids with higher molecular weight might be more immunoreactive than lower molecular weight peptides, thus increasing therapeutic potential and allowing for less frequent dosing. Methods In the two separate studies, after a 10 week pretreatment period, TV-5010 was given subcutaneously once weekly at 15 mg and 30 mg for 36 weeks. The primary end point was a reduction in the number of magnetic resonance imaging active lesions (i.e., T1-weigthed gadolinium-enhancing and new T2-weighted lesions) between the pretreatment period and the end of study. Results Both TV-5010 doses were generally well tolerated. The treatment with TV-5010 at a dose of 15 mg/wk did not show any significant effect. In contrast, in patients treated with at a dose of 30 mg/wk, a significant reduction in the mean number of gadolinium-enhancing (−58.8%; P = 0.0013) and new T2-W (−50%; P = 0.0002) lesions was observed. However, a large decrease in the mean number of both gadolinium-enhancing (−55%) and new T2-W (−40%) lesions during the pretreatment period made difficult the interpretation of the efficacy assessments. Conclusions Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary data on safety and efficacy of TV-5010 at a weekly dose of 30 mg.
EVSE: An Efficient Vehicle Social Evaluation Scheme with Location Privacy Preservation for Vehicular Communications

Social-aware data diffusion can improve the dissemination performance in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). However, if some vehicles lie their social claims and vehicle location information is not protected, social-aware data diffusion may not work well. In this paper, to tackle the security and privacy challenges existing in social-aware data diffusion, we propose an efficient vehicle social evaluation (EVSE) scheme, which enables each vehicle to show its authentic social evaluation to others while without disclosing its past location information. As a result, it can meet the prerequisites for the success of social-aware data diffusion in VANET.
Effect of Flat Fading in 802.11 MAC for Cross Layer Evaluation Using Channel Emulator

WLAN 802.11 operating in 2,4 GHz are being intensely implanted mainly in public environments. In these environments mobility is always a present characteristic. The objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of 802.11 MAC with flat fading. To reach this objective an emulation system was developed to create the flat fading channel phenomenon. With a WLAN and the emulator was possible to show the cross layer effect, evaluating the WLAN performance analyzes in mobility conditions. The experiments evaluated: rate of tansmission in each modulation level, data rate in the transport layer, network efficiency, jitter and throughput. The network information was obtained through SNMP. The results show that the 802.11 MAC had problems to support services that need high performance, as VoIP and Streaming. Therefore when the receiver is in movement the degradation does not allow the quality required by these types of services.
Display of virtual braille dots by lateral skin deformation: feasibility study

When a progressive wave of localized deformations occurs tangentially on the fingerpad skin, one typically experiences the illusion of a small object sliding on it. This effect was investigated because of its potential application to the display of Braille. A device was constructed that could produce such deformation patterns along a line. Blind subjects' ability to read truncated Braille characters (‘○○’, ‘○•’, ‘•○’, and ‘••’) using the device was experimentally tested and compared to their performance with a conventional Braille medium. While subjects could identify two-character strings with a high rate of success, several factors need to be addressed before a display based on this principle can become practical.
Soft design science methodology

This paper proposes and evaluates a soft systems approach to design science research. Soft Design Science provides an approach to the development of new ways to improve human organizations, especially with consideration for social aspects, through the activities of design, development, instantiation, evaluation and evolution of a technological artifact. The Soft Design Science approach merges the common design science research process (design, build-artifact, evaluation) together with the iterative soft systems methodology. The design-build artifact-evaluation process is iterated until the specific requirements are met. The generalized requirements are adjusted as the process continues to keep alignment with the specific requirements. In the end, the artifact represents a general solution to a class of problems shown to operate in one instance of that class of problems. The proposed methodology is evaluated by an analysis of how it differs from, and could have informed and improved, a published design science study, which used a design-oriented action research method.
CHARACTERIZATION OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL MECHANICAL AND FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY

The study of single cell mechanics has gained considerable interest recently, due in part to the recognition that mechanical properties can greatly affect physiologic behavior. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are two of the key players in the development of vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Recently, it has been observed that oxLDL can affect the cytoskeleton of vascular smooth muscle cells. In light of this evidence, it was hypothesized in the current study that oxLDL-associated cytoskeletal changes would have effects on VSMC mechanical properties. This hypothesis was tested using atomic force microsopy based elastic and viscoelastic measuring techniques. It was found that in vitro, oxLDL at a concentration of 50 μg/ml induced cytoskeletal and morphological changes in VSMCs similar to those associated with a transition towards a synthetic phenotype. After 5 days of exposure, oxLDL caused significant reductions in apparent elastic modulus, and significantly increased rate and percentage of stress relaxation, when compared to controls. These findings raise the possibility that similar VSMC mechanical changes may result from oxLDL exposure in vivo.
Scroll, tilt or move it: using mobile phones to continuously control pointers on large public displays

Large and public displays mostly provide little interactivity due to technical constraints, making it difficult for people to capture interesting information or to influence the screen's content. Through the combination of largescale visual output and the mobile phone as an input device, bidirectional interaction with large public displays can be enabled. In this paper, we propose and compare three different interaction techniques (Scroll, Tilt and Move) for continuous control of a pointer located on a remote display using a mobile phone. Since each of these techniques seemed to have arguments for and against them, we conducted a comparative evaluation and discovered their specific strengths and weaknesses. We report the implementation of the techniques, their design and results of our user study. The experiment revealed that while Move and Tilt can be faster, they also introduce higher error rates for selection tasks.