Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toxicity of some Biocides in the Tomato leaf Miner Tuta Absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Laboratory

The experiment was conducted in the Entomology Laboratory/Plant Protection Department/College of Agriculture and Forestry/Mosul University/Iraq in the year 2021, to evaluated the toxicity of biocides, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill, (conc. 1, 3, 5 g/L) Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (conc. 1, 3, 5 g/L), Spinosad (conc. 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 ml/L) and Neem plant extract (Azadirachta indica) (conc. 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 ml/L) on the third larval instar and pupal stage of tomato leafminer (TLM) under laboratory conditions, 25 - 27 °C, and the average relative humidity was 60 - 65%. The results of the study showed that the treatment with Spinosad at a concentration of 0.60 mm/L was significantly superior compared to the rest of the biocides, with an average mortality of 86.67% and 90.67% for larvae and pupae, respectively. All biocides differed significantly compared to the control, which amounted to 0.00%, and the highest mean of larval mortality was 71.67% for the reading after ten days of treatment, which differed significantly compared to the reading after one and three days of treatment, which amounted to 23.89 and 50.56%, respectively. While the reading after nine days of treatment outperformed significantly, and recorded the highest average of pupal mortality, which amounted to 68.00%, compared to the lowest average reading after seven days of treatment, which amounted to 44.00%. The treatment with the biocides B. thuringensis at a concentration of 1, 3 and 5 g/L was superior, with the lowest average percentage of transformation of larva to pupal stage reaching 15.56, 2.22 and 0.00%, respectively, compared to the rest of the concentrations of other biocides and the control, which was 73.33%. The biocides B. thuringensis was significantly superior to the rest of the biocides, and the lowest average percentage of emergence was recorded, as it reached 6.67% in the third concentration 5 g/L, which did not differ significantly compared to the third concentration of the rest of the biocides, however, it differed significantly compared to the rest of the concentrations of other biocides, and the control, as the highest mean of the percentage of emergence rate was 76.67%. It is noted from the study that all biocides had a significant effect on their toxicity to TLM compared to the control, and that the toxicity of biocides for the third larval instar and pupa of TLM increased with increasing concentration and number of days after treatment, and led to a decrease in the average percentage of adult emergence with an increase in concentration used compared to the control. From the results of this study, it is possible to introduce these pesticides in the integrated pest management programs for TLM in open fields and protected cultivation.
Effect of Adding Turmeric Powder and Vitamin C on the Productive Performance of Broilers

This study was conducted in the field of poultry Livestock Research Station of the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture during the period from 27/12/2021 to 8/2/2022 to study the effect of adding turmeric powder and Vitamin C In some physiological and productive traits of broiler chicken. Using 400 one-day-Un Sexed broiler chickens of Ross-308 breed were randomly distributed to four experimental Treatments. 100 birds per treatment. Each treatment included 5 replicates, with birds per replicate. T1(Control ), T2(Add turmeric Powder at a rate 0.05), T3(Addition of vitamin C at a rate of 300 mg / kg), T4 (Add turmeric Powder at a rate 0.05 and vitamin C at a rate of 300 mg/kg). Statistic analysis of data Showed significant increase (P≤0.05) in the mean live body weight, total weight gain, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, relative weight (Thigh, Back, Wings, Neck) and mortality rate.
Effect of Broiler Diet Colour on Production Characteristics and Economic Parameters

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of broiler diet colour on production performance and economic parameters. 360 unsexed one-day-old broiler chicks (ROSS-308) were used, with an average starting weight of 41.8 g. They were randomly distributed over four transactions since the first day of incubation, as follows: T1 = control diet treatment (no addition), T2 = blue diet treatment, T3 = green diet treatment and T4 = red diet treatment, with six replicates per treatment. Each repeater contains 15 birds. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant superiority (P≤0.05) of the green diet treatment compared to control and blue diet treatments in final body weight, total weight gain, total feed consumption, average carcass weight, herd homogeneity ratio and European productivity efficiency factor. There was a significant decrease in the relative weight of the fabricia gland and abdominal fat in favor of the green diet treatment differences, and there were no significant differences in the total conversion factor and mortality rate and an increase in the value of the net revenue and the percentage of the net revenue for the total breeding period (35) days in the treatments of colour additions to the feed compared to the control treatment. Adding colors to the ration improved most of the productive traits, carcass traits and economic criteria.
The Effect of Spirulina platensis and Atonik Growth Regulator in Inducing the Resistance of Several Varieties of Grape Bushes Against the Helicopter leaf virus Grapevine fanleaf virus

The study aimed to find out the effect of Spirulina platensis and growth regulator Atonik on the Grapevine fanleaf virus where it gave indicators of effect against the virus or induced the resistance of the plant against the virus. The treatment of the moss S. platensis + Atonik gave more efficiency in reducing the percentage and severity of the infection where it reached in the two qualities 48.88% and 51.55% respectively compared to the control treatment, which reached 100% in the rate of infection and in the severity of the infection 81.77%, The interference treatment between S. platensis + Atonik also gave the highest rate of peroxidase enzyme where the enzyme rate was 4.48 mg / protein compared to the proper comparison treatment in which the enzyme rate was 0.48 mg / protein, the treatment with S. platensis + Atonik moss in the characteristic of leaf area and chlorophyll scale gave the highest effect ratio (+) with 68.74 cm and 35.01 spad respectively
Effect of the Addition of Selenium and some Competing Anions on Selenium Concentration in Maize Growing in some Soils in Central Iraq

The effect of selenium and some competing anions to the soil on selenium concentration in maize growing in AL-Herria (clay )soil and Khan al-Nass (Sandy Loam )soil was studied. four levels ( 0, 20, 40 and 60 )gm Se ha-1 and three levels of Sulfur and (0, 45, 90 )Kg S ha-1 and phosphate in doses of (0, 90, 180) Kg P ha-1 were added to the soil. Maize plant content of selenium increased significantly, with increasing soil applications of selenium in both soils. While the plant content of selenium was decreased from (79.75 to 76.32 and 72.09 μg Se gm-1)and from (47.08 to 44.04 and 41.2 μg Se gm-1)with addition of as and 90 kg S ha -1 to Al-Herria and khan al-Nass soils respectively. Plant selenium content was also decreased from 79.75 to 76.32 and 72.09 and from 46.38 to 44.28 and 41.64 μg Se gm-1 with soil application of 90 and 180 kgP ha-1 to Al-Herria and khan al-Nass soils respectively. Increasing addition of and phosphorus censed decreasing of selenium content of corn plant in both soils.
Phytochemical Screening of Rheum ribes Root, Leaves and Flowering Stem and Biological Activity of the Root

Rheum ribes is one of the most important medicinal plants spread wildly in Iraqi Kurdistan, and its roots are used traditionally in the treatment of Obesity and obesity-related disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia which are considered the major cause of mortality worldwide and since the therapeutic medication failed to prevent their progression. Here comes the importance of medical plants as rich sources of natural bioactive substances that are used to treat many disorders. The current study intended to examine the phytochemical contents of roots (rhizome), leaves, and flowering stems of R. ribes L. that have been collected from five locations: Qandil, Kanitoo, Sharbazher, Penjwen, and Hawraman and to analyze the active compounds by HPLC technique, and also to study the potential of ethanolic extract of R. ribes root in the hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic points of view by using diet-induced obese and diabetic rats. The results showed that roots collected from Qandil had a higher concentration of total phenol and flavonoids and HPLC analysis results found that active compounds found in the plant root were: Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Quercetin, Catechin, Rutin, Cinnamic acid, Tannic acid, Emodin, Aloe-emodin, and Physcion. Leaves and flowering stems contained all the mentioned compounds except Cinnamic acid and Tannic acid. The ethanolic extract of the roots significantly lowered the level of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides(TG), and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)level (p<0.05) in the blood of rats and also had a positive effect on the body weight loss in rats, especially at a dose of (60 mg/kg).
The Influence of Salinity Levels of Irrigation Water and Spraying with Alphatocopherol on some Vegetative Qualities of Citrus Rangpur Origin (Citrus Limonia)

On Dhi-Qar University’s Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering used their Saran-covered plastic greenhouse during the 2022 growing season for an experiment. The experiment started on 15 \ 1\ 2022. The experiment was designed as a working experiment according to the design of complete randomized block Design (R.C.B.D, the experiment included two factors, the main factor was the stages of salinity of irrigation water (1, 2, 4) decimens. M-1 and the second agent is Tocopherol (0 a–, 150, 300 ) mg. L-1 is produced by the Indian company HIMEDIA with three repeaters. Important findings from the study included the fact that as saline levels in irrigation water increased, most of the attributes under investigation suffered considerable declines, especially the Level (4 decimens M-1), which gave the lowest rates in the qualities (plant height rate, stem diameter rate, branch number rate, leaf number rate, leaf area rate, soft weight rate of the vegetative total, dry weight rate of the vegetative total), as the measurements reached (60.24 CM. Plant-1, 5.51 mm Plant-1, 4.46 branches. Plant -1, 75.11 leaves. Plant -1, 965.00 cm2. Plant-1, 45.09 G. Plant-1, 15.45 G. Plant-1) respectively, as to add a – Tocopherol sprayed on the vegetative total has a positive moral effect and the treatment exceeded (300) mg. L-1 gave the highest measurements in the following characteristics (plant height rate, stem diameter rate, branch number rate, leaf number rate, leaf area rate, soft weight rate of the vegetative total, dry weight rate of the vegetative total), reaching (78.17 CM. Plant-1, 7.74 mm Plant-1, 7.58 branches. Plant -1, 88.04 leaves. Plant -1, 1661.33 cm2. Plant-1, 55.06 G. Plant-1, 19.44 G. Plant-1) respectively.
Films Sensor Containing Extracted Natural Dyes for Monitoring Freeze-Thawing of Frozen Chicken

Films sensors include natural sensitive dyes and enzymes were used to create freezing-thawing sensitive films. Gliadin/glycerol, as well as anthocyanin, chlorophyll, and beta-carotene, were used to make the films. This type of biosensor is an efficient way to deal with the problem of freeze-thawing meat and provides a low-cost, colorimetric indicator for raising consumer awareness about freeze-thawed chicken. As a result of response enzymes, Glucose oxidase, and alpha-amylase have an impact on intensifying pigments films and reacting to freezing-thawing meat, the naked eye is capable of distinguishing between the colors of films, which changed from red, yellow, and green to faint colors. Sensing films’ color stability was tested, and the results demonstrated that the films were extremely stable and could be kept for longer than three weeks. Finally, real samples could be used to monitor misuse of utilizing storage temperature for chicken meat by using freeze-thawing sensitive colorimetric films. The best concentrations of GOX enzyme are 0.9%(activity270U/0.09g), 0.9%(117U/0.09g) of α-Amylase, and 5% of natural extracted pigments for preparing freezing-thawing sensitive films were of enzymes and, while the best concentration1:0.1 of Gliadin/glycerol composition films. The results of the colorimetric enzymatic system produced with different concentrations of enzymes and exposed to 8 and 35°C revealed that the same concentration of enzymes results in varying stability times when exposed to different temperature conditions, pH levels, and moisture.
Godunov-Type Solutions for Water Hammer Flows

First- and second-order explicit finite volume (FV) Godunov-type schemes for water hammer problems are formulated, applied, and analyzed. The FV formulation ensures that both schemes conserve mass and momentum and produce physically realizable shock fronts. The exact solution of the Riemann problem provides the fluxes at the cell interfaces. It is through the exact Riemann solution that the physics of water hammer waves is incorporated into the proposed schemes. The implementation of boundary conditions, such as valves, pipe junctions, and reservoirs, within the Godunov approach is similar to that of the method of characteristics (MOC) approach. The schemes are applied to a system consisting of a reservoir, a pipe, and a valve and to a system consisting of a reservoir, two pipes in series, and a valve. The computations are carried out for various Courant numbers and the energy norm is used to evaluate the numerical accuracy of the schemes. Numerical tests and theoretical analysis show that the first-order Godunov scheme is identical to the MOC scheme with space-line interpolation. It is also found that, for a given level of accuracy and using the same computer, the second-order scheme requires much less memory storage and execution time than either the first-order scheme or the MOC scheme with space-line interpolation. Overall, the second-order Godunov scheme is simple to implement, accurate, efficient, conservative, and stable for Courant number less than or equal to one.
Effect of Explants Type and Plant Growth Regulators on the Stimulation and Multiplication of Vegetative Branches of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in Vitro

The study included the use of plant tissue culture technology in the use of plant parts and different combinations in the emergence and multiplication of farms of the vegetative branches of the fenugreek plant(1,2,3)mg.l-1 BA, and the second stage was carried out by cultivating the growths resulting from the nodes grown in the previous stage on the MS medium, which was prepared with different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3) mg.l-1 BA and (0.0,0.1,0.2,0.4)mg.L-1 NAA. The study’s results showed that the concentration of 2 mg.L-1 BA achieved a response rate of 80% compared to the peaks that did not respond. The results also showed that the same concentration of benzyl adenine achieved the highest rate in the number and length of branches, and the number of leaves reached 8.69. plant-1, 4.00 cm, 26.33 leaves.plant) respectively, compared with the control treatment that achieved the lowest rate, and the concentration 0.2 mg.l-1 NAA excelled in achieving the highest rate of the number of branches and leaves reached (7.49 branches. plant-1 and 21.50 leaves.plant-1) respectively. In comparison, the concentration of 0.4 mg.l-1 NAA excelled in achieving the highest average length of branches, reaching 3.92 cm.
Impact of Planting Date and Physiological Activator (Appetizer) Application on Quality and Quantity of Wheat Grains (Triticum aestivum.L)

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2022-2021 in the field experiments field of the College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University in the south of Babylon province, located at latitude 32.40 north and longitude 44.39 east. In order to study the effect of planting date and stages of spraying with the physiological stimulant Appetizer on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)), the experiment was conducted by arranging the split plots according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The planting dates included the main plot T1, a suitable first date on 15/11 and T2 a second late date on 15/12, while the subplot included spraying with the physiological stimulant (Appetizer) according to the stages of wheat growth within the Zadoks classification, which was given the symbols (A0 without spraying and A1 stage, The results showed that the date of 11/15 was significantly superior to the studied traits, where the number of spikelets in spike was 20.1 spikelets. spike -1 The number of grains in the spike is 43.6 grain. spike -1 The number of spikes is 364. The weight of 1000 grains is 36.26 g, and the grain yield is 3.84 tons. ha1-. The biological yield is 11.25 tons. ha-1 and the carbohydrate content is 73.29%, while the date of 15/12 is significantly excelled on trait of the protein content, as the average was 9.43% As for the phases of spraying with the physiological activator (Appetizer), they were significantly excelled at the elongation and booting stage in the studied traits, including the number of spikes of 20.6 spikes. Plant-1 The number of grains is 48.9 grains. spikes -1 and the weight of 1000 grains is 40.7 g. The grain yield is 4.17 tons. hectare 1- and a biological yield of 11.01 tons. ha -1 The protein content is 9.56% and the carbohydrate content is 77.03%. As for the number of spikes, the number of spikes was significantly excelled at the tillering stage g and elongation, where their average values reached 368 spikes.m2. As for the interaction between planting dates and the phases of spraying with the physiological activator (Appetizer) it was significant in all the studied traits, the interaction between the date of 15/11 and the stages of spraying with the physiological activator at the elongation and end stage gave the highest average number of spikelets in the spike of 20.8 spikelets. spike -1 The number of grains in the spike is 52.7 grains. spike 1- and the weight of 1000 grains is 42.42 g. The grain yield is 4.66 tons. ha-1 has a biological yield of 11.46 tons. ha-1 and the carbohydrate content is 77.76%. As for the number of spikes, the interaction was significant between the date of 15/11 and the spraying phase when treating the tillering and elongation, as the average was 381 spikes. It reached 9.65%.
Effect of Planting Date and Spraying with the Physiological Stimulant (Appetizer) on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum.L)

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2022-2021 in the field experiments field of the College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University in the south of Babylon province, located at latitude 32.40 north and longitude 44.39 east. In order to study the effect of planting date and stages of spraying with the physiological stimulant Appetizer on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)), the experiment was conducted by arranging the split plots according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The planting dates included the main plot T1, a suitable first date on 15/11 and T2 a second late date on 15/12, while the subplot included spraying with the physiological stimulant (Appetizer) according to the stages of wheat growth within the Zadoks classification, which was given the symbols (A0 without spraying and A1 stage, The results showed that the date of 11/15 was significantly excelled in the studied traits for plant height 83.24 cm, spike length of 11.82 cm, area of flag leaf 38.09 cm 2, chlorophyll content of 71.98, and number of grains in spike 43.6. grain. Spike -1 The number of spikes is 364. Spikes. m-2 The grain yield is 3.84 tons. ha-1 and the harvest index is 34.14%, As for the phases of spraying with the physiological stimulant Appetizer, they significantly excelled at the elongation and booting growth stage in the studied traits, including plant height 81.70 cm, spike length 11.80 cm, chlorophyll content 74.65, number of grains 48.9 grains, spike 1- and grain yield 4.17 tons. ha-1 and a harvest index of 37.75%. As for the area of the flag leaf and the number of spikes, they significantly excelled at the stage of tillering and elongation, as their mean values reached 40.08 cm2 and 368 spikes.m2 respectively. As for the interaction between the planting dates and the phases of spraying with the physiological stimulant (Appetizer), it was significant in all the studied traits. The interaction between the date of 15/11 and the phases of spraying with the physiological stimulant at the elongation and booting stage gave the highest average plant height of 84.14 cm and spike length of 12.57 cm. the content of chlorophyll and the number of grains in the spike is 52.7 grains. spike -1 and the grain yield is 4.66 tons. ha-1 and the harvest index is 40.64%. As for the area of the flag leaf and the number of spikes, the interaction was significant between the date of 11/15 and the spraying phase when treated at tillering and elongation averaged 45.29 cm2 and 381 spikes.m2 sequentially.
In Vitro Regeneration Of Anthocephalus Cadamba From Nodal Explant

Micropropagation of Anthocephalus cadamba, one of the tropical trees and also includes a medicinal plant, has been cultured using nodal explants. The results in general, showed that the growth of jabon’s shoot in in vitro culture is influenced by the interaction between BAP and NAA. The addition of BAP at a higher concentration than NAA could stimulate shoot formation. Whereas, the addition of sole NAA stimulated the root formation. The highest shoots number (6 shoots/explant) was obtained on the basal medium of Murashige and Skoog supplemented with 5µM BAP and 2µM NAA for 90 DAP. In addition, from several treatments, there were several explants that grew roots that appeared at 56 DAP in the MS + 0µM BAP + 2µM NAA treatment. On that treatment as well, there were also roots with the highest average of 1.5 roots per expansion with an average length of 2.1cm.
Improving Nutritional and Microbiological Properties of Monterey Cheese Using Lactobacillus acidophilus

The study was conducted to produce healthy monterey cheese and it is physical and chemical properties were studied. In addition, microbiological tests were carried out by adding a therapeutic bacterium to cheese, Lb.acidophilus, and it was compared with the control treatment containing the standard cheese starter (Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis, Lactococcus lactissubsp. cremors). The ripening period was 90 days in anaerobic conditions at 15°C. The tests were conducted over three storage periods as follows: first day, 45 days, and 90 days. Chemical tests for the above treatments include : Determination of moisture, ash, total nitrogen, non-protein nitrogen, acidity, pH and fat. Whole cow’s milk has been used in the two treatments mentioned above. As for the microbial assays, they were as follows: the number of yeasts, molds, staph.aurues, E.coli, Survivability in cheese with storage and survivability in gastric juice were calculated for the proteolysis study, SEM and electrophoresis. Through this study, it was concluded that there are differences between the two treatments T1 and T2, where it is noted that the second treatment obtained higher values and that was in the examination of moisture, ash, acidity, pH, protein and NPN assay, while in the examination of carbohydrates the value of the first treatment was higher than the second treatment where it reached 1.33%, As for the preparation of therapeutic bacteria in Monterey cheese during storage, it reached 175×107 (CFU\g) ; As for the viability of bacteria in the gastric juice, the number of bacteria reached T1 40 × 107 (CFU\g), as for the second treatment, the number of bacteria reached 76 × 107 (CFU\g).