Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Open Standards in Digital Building Permitting, 3D Registration of Condominium, and Update of 3D City Models

Digitalization is being adopted in many public services to increase the efficiencies of the required operations. Regarding this, there is an important interest in digitalizing the current building permit procedures since most of the buildings are designed digitally and as three-dimensional (3D). In addition, several countries are making an effort to realize the transition from two-dimensional (2D) cadastre to 3D cadastre. This is because 2D delineation of the legal rights may remain incapable to reflect the reality with respect to property ownership in multipartite buildings. The 3D city models should also be kept updated to effectively manage the occasions (e.g. natural disasters) and services (e.g. waterworks) in the living areas. In this sense, the open data standards (e.g. CityGML and Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)) have a vital role to enable interoperability between different domains such as Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) and Land Administration (LA). In this context, this chapter aims to show the current situation and opportunities on how to efficaciously benefit from open data standards for three significant issues. The issues can be listed as, 1) digitalizing the building permit procedures, 2) registering the condominium as 3D, and 3) updating the 3D city models. The examination in the chapter concerns the cases for Turkey.
Seismic amplitude interpretation

During the last 30 years, seismic interpreters have routinely applied bright spot and AVO technology for recognizing prospects and predicting lithology. New amplitude attributes were added to this technology as new exploration problems were defined. R&D continues in the field of amplitude interpretation, especially when E&P costs escalate as more severe environments are explored, such as the ultra-deepwater plays. With the high interest in reducing exploration risk, this course addresses the methodology of an amplitude interpretation and the subsequent benefits and limitations that one can expect in various rock-property settings. This book, originally produced for use with the fourth SEG∕EAGE Distinguished Instructor Short Course, begins with a review of relationships between rock properties and geophysical observations. Practical problems illustrate the assumptions and limitations of commonly used empirical transforms, and procedures for conducting and verifying fluid-substitution techniques are presented. The book identifies components of the seismic response best suited for differentiating pore fluid from lithologic effects. Field examples emphasize what combination of seismic signatures should be expected for different rock-property environments. To help select the best seismic attribute for calibrating amplitude to rock properties, rules of thumb are provided for predicting AVO responses and interpreting lithology from observed responses. A case history is also provided. The last part examines the numerous amplitude attributes that can be extracted from seismic data to quantify an interpretation. Benefits and limitations of these attributes in soft- to hard-rock environments are discussed with model data and in case histories.
APPROXIMATE KERR-NEWMAN-LIKE METRIC WITH QUADRUPOLE MÉTRICA

The Kerr metric is known to have issues when trying to find a physical interior solution. In this work we continue our efforts to construct a more realistic exterior metric for astrophysical objects. A new approximate metric representing the spacetime of a charged, rotating and slightly-deformed body is obtained by perturbing the Kerr-Newman metric to include the mass-quadrupole and quadrupole-quadrupole orders. It has a simple form because it is Kerr-Newman-like.
Paper Code: F02V067 DRIVEABILITY ASSESSMENT OF A CVT-POWERTRAIN WITH MECHANICAL TORQUE ASSIST

Due to rotating inertias within the engine and transmission, the response of a vehicle during large and/or fast engine speed shifts may appear reluctant or even counteractive. Reminiscent of comparable behaviour seen in aircraft jet-propulsion, this phenomenon is also referred to as ‘jet-start’. To overcome this behaviour, a CVT powertrain is augmented with a powersplitting planetary gear stage and compact steel flywheel. The new transmission—coded ‘Zero Inertia (ZI) powertrain’— seamlessly combines two contradictive features: the driveability in terms of the pedal-to-wheel response is greatly improved and a large leap towards optimal fuel economy can be made. This is achieved by cruising the vehicle at extremely low engine speeds as of the large ratio-coverage of the CVT. The flywheel acts as a ‘peak shaver’ during engine speed shifts: it delivers power during (semi-) pedal kick down and absorbs kinetic energy of the engine at pedal back-out. This paper presents results from simulations of, and field experiments with a test vehicle incorporating the ZI powertrain. The evaluation concentrates especially on longitudinal driveability and is compared with that of basic CVT and 4-gear automatic powertrains. Results on the substantially improved fuel economy are summarized at the end of the paper. The driveability has an accurately controllable character, i.e., the accuracy with which desired drive shaft torque excursions can be realized by the powertrain. The subjective driveability depends highly on how drive pedal deflections are translated into desired drive shaft torque excursions. Evaluation by experts and non-experts in general determines the quality of this translation. A non-rigorous attempt to formalize the translation and use it in a powertrain control strategy is made. Preliminary conclusions on possible acceptance by public are drawn. From this, directions for ongoing research are given.
Perceptions of Vermi Raisers on Different Vermicomposting Practices Adopted in Zamboanga Del Sur, Philippines

Vermi plays an important role in improving soil fertility and structure. This study was conducted to find out the perceptions of vermi raisers on different vermicomposting practices adopted in Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. The researchers utilized the descriptive method in gathering the necessary data. Results revealed that the combination of 60% rice straw, 5% kakawate, and 35% manure is the most preferred feeding materials. The respondents also revealed that the 5% inclusion rate of jackfruit, banana, and pineapple peelings in the bedding materials increases the vermi population as compared to pure rice straw, kakawate, and manure. The higher cost of inputs and labor and pest invasion are the two most encountered problems. Covering the bed with canvass or galvanized iron, follow the correct procedure in the pre-decomposition process, and seek assistance from the agriculturists are the three most effective practiced solutions. The findings showed that the population of vermi can be doubled with the inclusion of jackfruit, banana and pineapple peelings in the substrate. Moreover, the harvest time is reduced due to higher consumption level. Vermicomposting is very necessary to answer the increasing demand for organic fertilizer amidst climate change.
Formulating Ordering Policies in a Supply Chain by Genetic Algorithm

Abstract This paper proposes using mixed inventory policies to determine ordering quantities for all organizations in a supply chain. Agents of organizations choose inventory policies from a set of candidate policies, and determine their ordering quantities for each period according to the chosen policies. A genetic algorithm is formulated to search for the optimal combination of inventory policies to minimize the total costs of the whole supply chain over a time horizon. To illustrate and evaluate the performance of our approach, many different setups of experiments are conducted by computer simulation of an MIT Beer game.
SEISMIC RESPONSE OF CONCENTRICALLY BRACED STEEL FRAMES MADE WITH RECTANGULAR HOLLOW BRACING MEMBERS

This paper describes an experimental study on the seismic performance of concentrically braced steel frames made with cold-formed rectangular tubular bracing members. A total of 24 quasistatic cyclic tests were performed on full size X bracing and single diagonal bracing systems. Two loading sequences were considered: a symmetrical stepwise increasing deformation sequence and a displacement history obtained from nonlinear dynamic analyses of typical braced steel frames. All specimens buckled out-of the plane of the frame and the tests were interrupted when fracture of the braces occurred in the region of highest curvature. For X bracing, the results clearly show that the effective length of the braces can be used to determine their compression strength and to characterize their hysteretic response, including energy dissipation capability. Simplified models are proposed to predict the out-of-plane deformation of the braces as a function of the ductility level. These models are then used to develop an empir.
Mechanical strength study of SiO2 isolation blocks merged in silicon substrate

Quasi-static bending, compressive, tensile and fatigue tests of freestanding thermally oxidized crystal silicon microelements fabricated by the deep-reactive-ion etching process were performed to evaluate the strength and the reliability of structures. These structures serve as bearings and electrical isolation for microelectromechanical systems. The tests were conducted at device level using a specially designed electromagnetic actuator based on a testing machine (load range: 1 mN–1 N, accuracy: ± 0.08 mN) which enables mechanical testing of microelements. We have developed a method to calibrate an actuator using the silicon cantilevers on the microscale. A finite element model of the test structure is proposed. This model is used to calculate the displacements and stresses produced by an applied load force. Isolation structures are fractured from both the front and back sides of the wafer, and fracture strength results are compiled for each of these cases. It was found that the tensile strength of the structures is 200 MPa and the ultimate bending stress is 550 MPa. Data on strength and failure stress as found in the study may be very important for reliability evaluation of isolation merged in single crystal silicon wafer.
Effects of information transparency and cooperation on supply chain performance: a simulation study

This research explores the effect of information transparency and cooperation among the front nodes of supply chains. Although published works in the supply chain (SC) domain underline the need for information transparency and cooperation for competitiveness of firms, the majority among these are conceptual or empirical. As such, the domain requires fresh effort towards analytical and simulation based research for validation. In the present work, simulation is used as the research methodology. The simulation platform is developed in ARENA®, which is based on simulation language SIMAN. It has the capability to model multi-product, multi-echelon supply chains. Cooperation is depicted in the form of demand pooling and accelerated delivery of consignments from cooperating SC nodes, when stock-out contingency occurs at a particular node. The modelling also explores the effects of full, partial and zero level of information transparency on the SC performance. The simulation results suggest that these initiatives improve SC service time performance. It is also observed that more advantages from cooperation and information transparency are obtainable when the SC is leaner. The studies also highlight that such SC initiative that motivates local optimisation at the nodes is counter-productive to SC wide performance.
Tubeless versus common minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for renal stones under local anesthesia: analysis of clinical outcomes

Background: To compare the clinical outcomes of tubeless minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy（mPCNL）and common minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy under local anesthesia, and to explore the feasibility, safety and clinical efficacy of tubeless mPCNL under local anesthesia. Methods: Patients with PCNL who underwent local anesthesia from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2018. The patients were divided into Group 1 (tubeless mPCNL: indwelling double J tube, no indwelling nephrostomy tube) and group 2 (common mPCNL: indwelling double J tube and nephrostomy tube). The intraoperative and postoperative parameters of the two groups were compared, including operation time, average postoperative hospital stay, puncture position, postoperative hemoglobin decline, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS), analgesic use, postoperative fever and stone removal rate. Results: In group1,the VAS scores of 6 hours after surgery was 4.07±1.79 significantly lower than that for group 2 (4.07±1.79 vs 6.24±1.33, P<0.05). and There was a statistically significant difference in the use of analgesics between the two groups（P<0.05）. The VAS scores of day 1 after surgery (2.50±1.76 vs 3.83±2.22 in group1 and group2) was significantly lower in the tubeless mPCNL (P<0.05). The hospital stay for group 1 was significantly shorter than group 2(3.15±1.42 vs 6.48±1.88 days, P<0.01)). There were no significant differences in the operation time, puncture position, postoperative hemoglobin decline rate, VAS score on the day of discharge, postoperative fever, and stone removal rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Tubeless mPCNL is a simple, safe and effective technique under local anesthesia. It is worthy of clinical application. Tubeless mPCNL treatment for renal stones can significantly reduce postoperative pain and shorten hospital stays compared with common m PCNL.
The Effect of Bacterial Cellulose on the Mechanical and Thermal Expansion Properties of Kenaf/Polylactic Acid Composites

The reinforcement of PLA matrix with natural fibers aims to generate the sustainable biocomposites. Kenaf fiber (KF) and bacterial cellulose (BC) were employed to reinforce and diminish the usage of PLA matrix. Particularly, BC is nano-cellulose which was anticipated to increased interfacial area and therefore low volume fractions of additives. That was consequently to attain mechanical property improvement. Thus, the incorporation of KF and BC reinforced PLA composites was investigated. The extrusion method was utilized and materials were mixed outside prior to adding. The specimens were examined mechanical testing, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM). The mechanical study revealed that the increment of elastic modulus increased concomitantly with the augmentation of KF content. Interestingly, PLA/KF/BC sample at ratio of 60/39/1 wt. % was efficiently to maintain tensile and flexural strength comparing to 50% reduction of without BC sample with equal fiber volume. Therefore, it could recognize that mechanical properties was improved by using low amount of nano-cellulose. This would be a high aspect ratio of BC that capable to connect between PLA matrix and KF which enhanced a large contact surface and therefore excellent coherence. The temperature dependence of storage, loss and tan delta was determined by DMA. A decrease of storage modulus was consistent with increasing of temperature, result from softening of the composites. Loss modulus was increased approximately at Tg which related to storage modulus cause. In addition, the tan delta peaks of PLA and composites were around 60°C and it did not significantly shift when emerged of fiber. DSC of both composites indicated an influence of fiber on the crystallization and enthalpy. On the other hand, glass transition and melting temperature did not significantly affect. The composites exhibited a small reduction of thermal stability when examined by TGA analysis. Notwithstanding, BC showed an improvement of thermal stability of PLA/KF/BC sample at 40 wt. % total fiber content. The linkage of BC between PLA matrix and KF was monitored by SEM.
3.2.2 Enhancing the System Development Process Performance: a Value‐Based Approach

When planning or controlling the system development process, a project leader needs to make decisions which take into account a number of aspects, including: availability of assets and competences, previously enacted processes in the organization, certifications the system is required to obtain, standards to comply with, interactions among process activities, contextual factors and constraints, and allocated budget and schedule.
Piezoelectric micro energy harvesters based on stainless-steel substrates

In this paper, a piezoelectric micro energy harvester (PMEH) fabricated on stainless-steel substrates is presented. Through the design and fabrication of the PMEH, a high-quality lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thick film was directly deposited on the stainless-steel substrate by the aerosol deposition method at room temperature. After annealing, the PZT thick film on the stainless-steel substrate can achieve excellent ferroelectric properties for the high-efficiency PMEH presented. Furthermore, in order to study the impact of air damping on the power generating efficiency and the power transforming performance of our devices, a series of tests of the device under vacuum with different pressures were conducted and compared with working in atmosphere. The experimental results show that the device working in atmosphere (760 Torr) had a maximum output power of 200.28 μW with a 12.658 VP−P output voltage at an excitation frequency of 112.4 Hz under a 1.5g acceleration level, while working in a vacuum (0.01 Torr) it had a maximum output power of 241.60 μW with a 17.027 VP−P output voltage at an excitation frequency of 104.4 Hz under a 1.5g acceleration level. The energy densities of our device in vacuum and in atmosphere were calculated as 178.6 and 137.5 nJ mm−3.
Cdiaph: Program for calculating reinforced concrete diaphragm with finite difference method

Abstract . Works in soil requires making of supporting structures to ensure the stability of the field. Reinforced concrete diaphragms allow you to perform the most complex works in a safe manner. The current calculation practice of the effect and movement of diaphragms implied the manual approach to the calculation that requires a serious time commitment of engineers or the use of complex commercial software packages. This paper presents the program automation and acceleration of the process of calculating the effect, movement and rotation of reinforced concrete diaphragms. A software package Cdiaph has been developed, which with the finite difference method calculates and draws diagrams of force impact at the intersection (M and V), movement and rotation of the intersection (x and f) and the recommended depth of foundation (D) of reinforced concrete diaphragms. Key words : Cdiaph, Diaphragms, Finite difference method, Automation of calculations
Electrically powered actuation for civil aircraft

The concept of replacing the hydraulic system with electric actuation, coupled with changes to the electric generation technology and flight control systems, is commonly termed the all-electric-aircraft. Earlier studies have shown that the all electric aircraft can give the aircraft's manufactures and operators considerable cost benefits, particularly due to reductions in system complexity and overall weight. The all-electric-aircraft concept can be subdivided into fly-by-wire, where the hydraulically or electrically powered flight actuators are electrically signalled, and power-by-wire, where the actuators are directly powered from the aircraft's electrical system. The key to the implementation of the power-by-wire aircraft, is the development of compact, reliable, electrically powered actuators to replace the conventional hydraulic system. With recent developments in high performance motors and power electronics research is being undertake to develop suitable electrical actuators. Electrically powered flight actuators can take one of two principal configurations, the electromechanical actuator with mechanical gearing, and the electrohydrostatic actuator with, fluidic gearing, between the motor and the actuated surface.
The Use of Non-financial Performance Measures: Does the Strength of Corporate Governance Matter?

This study investigates whether strong board oversight is influential in firms’ choice of incorporating non-financial performance measures (NFPM) in executive compensation. We find that more independent boards, boards with inconsequential entrenchment, larger boards, boards with a higher percentage of reputable directors and gender diverse boards, favor the use of NFPM. These findings suggest the importance of board strength in influencing firms’ decision of using NFPM, and that corporate governance strength should be a priority for maintaining an optimal contracting environment for executives. of NFPM find that negatively the NFPM more NFPM.
Studying states and regimes in Central Asia: contributions to comparative politics and future challenges

ABSTRACT This article surveys research on regimes and states in Central Asia and assesses its contribution to Political Science, specifically the subfield of comparative politics. It discusses three areas in which research on the region has been influenced by and, in turn, fruitfully shaped the comparative political analysis of state and regime: a turn from macro- to micro-level topics; innovations in research design; and the embrace of interdisciplinarity. It then addresses the challenges confronting scholars of the region, including uneven theoretical contributions to comparative politics and impediments in the feasibility of field research. It identifies several lively debates in comparative politics to which Central Asianists have the potential to contribute important insights. It concludes that the study of states and regimes in Central Asia has greatly enriched some debates in comparative politics (and vice versa), but declining pools of funding, the politicization of academic research, and unequal access to institutional resources among local and Western scholars threaten to diminish the field’s contributions in the coming years.
Spatial Audio as a Navigation Aid and Attitude Indicator

Most current display systems in general aviation (GA) environments employ, at best, relatively simple audio displays that do not fully exploit a pilot's auditory processing capabilities. Spatial audio displays, however, take advantage of the spatial processing capabilities of the auditory system and have the ability to provide, in an intuitive manner, comprehensive information about the status of an aircraft to the pilot. This paper describes a study conducted in order to assess the utility of spatial audio as (1) a navigation aid, and (2) an attitude indicator in an actual flight environment. Performance was measured in tasks requiring pilots to fly in the direction of a spatial audio “navigation beacon” and use an auditory artificial horizon display to detect changes in attitude and maintain straight and level flight when no visual cues were available. The results indicate that spatial audio displays can effectively be used by pilots for both navigation and attitude monitoring, and thus may be a valuable tool in supporting pilot situation awareness and improving overall safety in GA environments.