Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the Antimycobacterial Mechanism of Action of Ciprofloxacin Using Metabolomics

In the interest of developing more effective and safer anti-tuberculosis drugs, we used a GCxGC-TOF-MS metabolomics research approach to investigate and compare the metabolic profiles of Mtb in the presence and absence of ciprofloxacin. The metabolites that best describe the differences between the compared groups were identified as markers characterizing the changes induced by ciprofloxacin. Malic acid was ranked as the most significantly altered metabolite marker induced by ciprofloxacin, indicative of an inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and glyoxylate cycle of Mtb. The altered fatty acid, myo-inositol, and triacylglycerol metabolism seen in this group supports previous observations of ciprofloxacin action on the Mtb cell wall. Furthermore, the altered pentose phosphate intermediates, glycerol metabolism markers, glucose accumulation, as well as the reduction in the glucogenic amino acids specifically, indicate a flux toward DNA (as well as cell wall) repair, also supporting previous findings of DNA damage caused by ciprofloxacin. This study further provides insights useful for designing network whole-system strategies for the identification of possible modes of action of various drugs and possibly adaptations by Mtb resulting in resistance.
Changing subjective wellbeing across the college life: survey evidence from China

Abstract This study examines the trajectories of hedonic and eudaimonic forms of happiness across college life. Analyzing the Beijing College Student Panel Survey, we find that: (1) Academic performance, extraversion, internship, and health status all have a significant and positive correlation with both types of happiness, while one fatalistic orientation reveals a negative effect; (2) Eudaimonic happiness can be specifically dampened by romantic relationship, and hedonic happiness is specifically weakened by student association participation. Students majoring in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), males, and ethnic minorities have advantages of hedonic happiness. (3) With regard to changes across college life, the strength of correlations between eudaimonic happiness and the variables of health status and academic performance longitudinally decline, but one’s fatalistic orientation and sense of mastery become increasingly relevant. For hedonic happiness, the advantage of the STEM students over the non-STEM ones is gradually narrowed; what are also counteracted are the detrimental effects of the fatalistic orientation and student association participation. The positive role of academic performance for hedonic happiness is longitudinally strengthened, but the disadvantage of female students deteriorates.
Molecular characterization as strategy for ex situ conservation of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg.

The diversity and genetic structure were used as strategies for the ex situ conservation of Anadenanthera peregrina, a tree with great ecological and economic potential. From a planted population, 166 individuals were evaluated using molecular markers Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). All six SSR loci were polymorphic, of which 42 alleles were detected. The PIC values ranged from 0.61 to 0.84, classifying loci as very informative. Values of He, Ho and Ra indicated a high degree of heterozygosity and genetic diversity, while the relationship between He and Ho generated negative values for the fixation index (FIS), indicating escape of inbreeding in the population. The analyzes performed by the UPGMA method and the Bayesian approach structured the population into six and two genetic groups, respectively. The high genetic diversity and population structure revealed the importance of ex situ conservation of the evaluated genotypes, allowing future use of the population as a seed orchard.
Policy window in a pandemic: How a computer science RPP fostered equity in credit recovery

The Chicago Alliance for Equity in Computer Science is a research-practice partnership that is working to broaden the participation of Chicago Public Schools’ students in computer science. For this study, we applied the multiple streams approach from theories of the policy process (Kingdon, 1995; Zahariadis, 2014) to explain how the COVID-19 pandemic helped open a policy window for the continued use of synchronous online instruction during the implementation of an equity-centered computer science credit recovery option in Chicago.
A Proposed Hidden Markov Model Method for Dynamic Device Pairing on Internet of Things End-Devices

Dynamic device pairing is a context-based zero-interaction method to pair end-devices in an IoT System based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values. But if RSSI detection is done in high level, the accuracy is troublesome due to poor sampling rates. This research proposes the Hidden Markov Model method to increase the performance of dynamic device pairing detection. This research implements an IoT system consisting an Access Point, an IoT End Device, an IoT Platform, and an IoT application and performs a comparison of two different methods to prove the concept. The results show that the precision of dynamic device pairing with HMM is better than without HMM and the value is 83,93%.
Subsistence as Transformative Practice: The Zooarchaeology of Slavery in the Colonial Caribbean

ABSTRACT The colonial Caribbean was the site of dynamic interaction between groups of Europeans, Africans, and Indigenous peoples, structured by vast power inequalities. With the emergence of the plantation system, enslaved Africans and their descendants were forced to navigate a violent and lethal system. Food insecurity remained a central struggle within their lives. In this article, I review zooarchaeological studies from 15 sites of enslavement throughout the Caribbean to examine the strategies developed by enslaved peoples to survive. The data reveal variation in the specific taxa consumed, but also show common practices, marked by some combination of domestic livestock, local fish and shellfish, and the supplemental procurement of wild resources. These practices form the roots of contemporary Caribbean cuisine, which developed through the maintenance and transformation of traditional knowledge, and became resilient features of community and household economies and social identity for enslaved peoples and their descendants.
SERVICE QUALITY ANALYSIS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN A HEALTHCARE

Diterima : 6 Maret 2021 Direvisi : 30 Maret 2021 Diterbitkan : 08 April 2021 Business competition is increasingly fierce, demanding that companies must provide the best products and services to customers. The quality of a product or service is an essential aspect for the continuity of a business, especially those attribute items that are directly felt by customers when purchasing or using a product. This study was aimed to analyze the quality of service to customers in a hospital-based on customer preferences. Customer assessment of each hospital quality indicator was performed through filling out questionnaires by inpatients, to determine the gap between the importance and performance levels. The analytical method used was Importance-Performance Analysis-IPA. As many as 25 quality indicators are identified from SERVQUAL. The quality dimension that becomes a priority for improved performance is related to Reliability, Assurance, and Empathy. KATA KUNCI Development, Hospital, IPA, Service Quality
Pre-Academic Learning Self-Efficacy Revisited: Validation in the Danish Academy Profession Degree Context and Differences Across Degree Programs

ABSTRACT The relevance of academic self-efficacy for educational outcomes is well documented. Pre-academic self-efficacy has hardly been studied, and only one study was found to include an assessment of the measurement invariance of the scale used. The aims were to validate the Pre-Academic Learning Self-Efficacy (PAL-SE) scale in a non-university higher education context, and assess the psychometric properties of the scale using Rasch measurement models, and to determine whether PAL-SE differs across groups of students admitted to multiple degree programs. Data consisted of 3757 students admitted to 22 different Academy Profession Degree programs in the Danish higher education context. The PAL-SE scale was found to have locally dependent items and to be affected by differential item functioning relative to age groups and degree programs. Reliability and targeting varied across degree programs. PAL-SE scores adjusted for differential item functioning differed across degree programs.
The More, the Merrier? Roles of Device-Student Ratio in Collaborative Inquiries and Its Interactions With External Scripts and Task Complexity

In collaborative learning, the intuition “the more device, the merrier” is somehow widely acknowledged, but little research has investigated the relationship between device-student ratio and the learning outcome. This study aims to investigate not only the main effect of different device-student ratio, also to identify the moderators in the learning context including task complexity, external script availability and students’ familiarity to the collaboration settings. A three-round quasi-experiment was conducted in a primary school in mainland China, 130 fifth-grade students from four classes participated. Group worksheet including conceptual understanding and problem-solving tasks were used to collect participants’ inquiry performance. Repeated measures ANOVA was employed in data analysis. Findings indicate that 1:m device-student ratio could be beneficial, and external scripts, and prior collaboration experience could moderate such effect. The different effect of 1:m device-student ratio to 1:1 is only significant in the situation when students are faced with relatively simple task, and the effect size is larger when external script is present. When the task is more complicated, such effect of device-student ratio would only emerge after a period of collaboration. This finding challenged the intuition that one-to-one device-student ratio could be better. Related discussions and recommendations to teaching were made.
Person-situation dynamics in educational contexts: A self- and other-rated experience sampling study of teachers’ states, traits, and situations

The situations people find themselves in and how they experience them is fundamental to a host of life and work outcomes. However, most research has so far only relied on self-reports and is thus not able to disentangle different situation components. The present study therefore examined the dynamics between self- and other-rated situation characteristics, personality traits, and personality states in an educational setting. One hundred and seventy-three student teachers (n = 2244–2261 observations) and 94 supervisors (n = 1110–1122 observations) participated in a 13- or 14-day experience sampling study during student teachers’ internships and rated situations and teachers’ personality states twice daily. Answering three research questions yielded that (1) self-rated traits were mostly not associated with self- or supervisor-rated situation characteristics; (2) self- and supervisor-rated situation characteristics predicted self- and supervisor-rated personality state expressions (although effects were largest for same-rater associations); and (3) there were no interaction effects of traits and situation characteristics on personality state expressions. These results have important theoretical and applied implications as they advance our understanding of person-situation dynamics in an applied setting and suggest that associations between situations and personality states are not solely attributable to common rater effects.
Is there a link between industry involvement in higher education learning and student job creation intention?

This study examines how the constituents of industry involvement in higher education learning (IIHEL) – namely curriculum restructuring, renewed pedagogical approaches and competencies, building linkages between higher education and industry, and career training and mentoring – might impact student job creation intention. The study builds on social cognitive theory (self-efficacy) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (attitude towards behaviour) to assess the mechanisms through which these relationships exist. The researchers used cross-sectional data from 268 final-year undergraduate students of 12 Nigerian public universities to analyse these relationships. Structural equation modelling analysis (SEM-AMOS) was employed to test the direct relationships, and Hayes’ PROCESS Macro 3.5 was used to test the specific indirect effects. The findings show that all the constituents of IIHEL were associated positively with student job creation intention. However, only self-efficacy mediated the relationships between curriculum restructuring, renewed pedagogical approaches and competencies and student job creation intention. The findings provide practical implications for higher education teachers, managers, practitioners, policymakers and students by demonstrating the importance of IIHEL in boosting student job creation intention.
Dynamics of Hyporheic Exchange Flux and Fine Particle Deposition Under Moving Bedforms

Deposition of fine suspended particles can reduce hyporheic exchange flux (HEF), which may result in impairment of various ecological processes. However, the dynamics of fine particle deposition and streambed clogging are still not well understood, especially when the bed is in motion. We conducted flume experiments to study the effects of coupled sand‐clay dynamics on HEF with episodic (pulse) inputs of suspended kaolinite. Three experiments with a mobile sand bed and constant discharge were conducted with repeated injection of suspended kaolinite pulses at fixed concentration increments of 0.16, 0.41, and 0.66 g/L, respectively. HEF and participating porewater volume were assessed using tracer tests. Kaolinite deposition rates were inferred from turbidity measurements while deposition patterns were measured using core samples. We found that fine sediment primarily accumulated within a layer below the bedform scour zone, and that this layer was thicker when kaolinite was added in larger pulses. HEF declined linearly over time as kaolinite accumulated in the bed sediment; an increase of 0.1% kaolinite in the bed led to a decrease in HEF of 26.6 cm/day, regardless of the pulse concentration. However, the same kaolinite increase led to a reduction of 50% in participating pore volume for larger kaolinite pulses, versus only 30% for the smallest pulse. These results indicate that clogging occurs not just during and after high‐flow events, but also under constant flow conditions in which episodic deposition of suspended clay by HEF leads to the formation of a low‐conductivity layer in the bed.
Fruit properties and nutritional composition of some walnut cultivars grown in Pakistan.

Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are rich source of a number of important nutrients that have a very positive effect on the human health. In this study nuts of six different walnut cultivars grown in Pakistan namely Chitral-1, SW-1, Chitral-3, Chitral-2, SW-3 and Dir-2 were selected and evaluated for their physical properties, proximate and mineral composition. The nut length was found in the range of 35.17-41.37 mm, nut diameter (31.72 mm-34.32 mm), Nut thickness (32.21-35.10 mm), nut weight (10.30 g-19.22 g), Kernel weight (5.81 g-9.24 g), Kernel ratio (43.19-65.14%), shell thickness (0.81-1.35 mm), moisture content (2.764.20%), ash content (1.27-1.95%), fats (63.54-69.92%), protein (15.96-19.15%) and total carbohydrates (8.04-12.14%). Kernels of Dir-2 and Chitral-2 cultivars were determined to contain high protein content (>18% protein) while Chitral-1 and SW-1 contain high carbohydrates content of >10%. The energy value of the kernels of these cultivars was determined in the range of 698.10-732.44 Kcal/100 g, which shows that the fruits of these varieties are rich source of energy. In minerals the level of sodium is 40.9-64.5 ppm, K (35514827ppm), Ca (925-1250 ppm), Fe (30.08-41.20 ppm), Zn (11.75-25.5 ppm), Mg (1059-1765 ppm), Cu (1.962.75 ppm) and Pb (0.69-1.06 ppm). The fruit properties indicates that Chitral-3, Chitral-2 and SW-3 are superior walnut cultivars in terms of their physical properties than the rest of the cultivars and they could be cultivated and developed as standard varieties in Pakistan. Moreover, kernels of all the cultivars studied are rich in K, Ca, Mg, Na and Fe.
Recovery and identity: a five-year follow-up of persons treated in 12-step-related programs

Abstract Recovery is an established term used to describe positive processes of change concerning problems related to alcohol and other drugs (AOD). The present article investigates first-person experiences of recovery self-identification over time in clients who have completed 12-step programs with a positive outcome (sobriety). The data comprises qualitative interviews with 47 individuals five years after the first post-treatment interview, analyzed in a process inspired by reflexive thematic analysis. Although all the individuals had continued their recovery, their recovery paths and how they identified themselves in relation to their AOD problems had taken different directions. Thus, many of the individuals described their recovery in a broader sense which ranges from abstinence to moderation. Some individuals perceived themselves as no longer in recovery. The multitude of recovery processes described in the study underlines the need for acceptance and respect for individual identity processes. Furthermore, the importance is stressed of supporting an individual’s perceptions of how their recovery process should best be outlined. The results should not be interpreted as a critique of the 12-step approach. Instead, there is a need for variety over time in the support and treatment options available for people in need of treatment for AOD problems.
Morphological, structural and electrical properties of pentacene thin films grown via thermal evaporation technique

The physical and structural characteristics of pentacene thin films on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass were studied. The pentacene films were deposited using the thermal evaporation method with deposition times of 20, 30, and 60 minutes. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images revealed that film thickness increased with deposition time, with a bulk phase layer appearing at 60 minutes. The presence of the thin-film phase corresponding to 15.5 Å lattice spacing was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns in pentacene films with deposition times of 20 and 30 minutes. Meanwhile, with a deposition time of 60 minutes and a lattice spacing of 14.5 Å, the existence of the bulk phase was verified in the pentacene film. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of the crystallinity of the pentacene films revealed that the pentacene films deposited on ITO-coated glass exhibited the formation of similar islands with modular grains, results in a fine crystalline structure. From the current-voltage (I-V) and current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics, the pentacene films were ohmic and that current increased as the pentacene’s thickness decreased. Pentacene films deposited on an ITO-coated glass substrate showed potential in the development of broadband and narrowband optoelectronic devices on a transparent substrate.
Enthalpy modulation of a laminar pulsed nitrogen arc jet: time-resolved diagnostics and model

In most studies, plasma spraying of liquid feedstock for ceramic coating elaboration requires limiting the arc motion to obtain stable plasma and to favour homogeneous treatment of nanomaterials. In this chapter, an alternative approach is proposed and consists of using a pulsed arc jet modulating the specific enthalpy in time. The momentum and heat transfers can be controlled provided a synchronous injection of materials is associated with it. The rotational temperatures of the nitrogen arc jet are measured by means of time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy synchronized with the arc voltage. The enthalpy modulation ratio (hmax/hmin) is shown to be close to 2.68. A simplified model of the dynamics of heat transfers is used to interpret diagnostics and highlights a time delay between arc voltage and enthalpy at the nozzle exit due to the characteristic time of heat transfers and residence time of plasma.
Effects of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Salivary Lactoferrin Responses among Smokers and Non-Smokers

Smoking can weaken immune function as reported in previous studies. However, benefits of exercise in reducing negative effects of smoking on salivary lactoferrin responses is scarce to date. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of an acute bout of exercise on salivary lactoferrin responses among smokers and non-smokers. Eighteen sedentary men were recruited; nine smokers (age = 22.4 ± 1.4 years; BMI = 22.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) and nine non-smokers (age = 22.1 ± 0.7 years old; BMI = 22.5 ± 1.9 kg/m2). In this study, participants cycled at an intensity of 60% maximum heart rate for 60 minutes. Participants were given cool water as much as 3 ml/kg body weight at minutes 20 and 40 during the exercise session. Participants’ body weight and saliva samples were collected at pre and post-exercise. Heart rate and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded at pre, during and post-exercise. Mixed ANOVA was used to measure significant differences between groups and within group. The results showed that saliva flow rate, lactoferrin concentration and lactoferrin secretion rate were not significantly different (p>0.05) between smokers and non-smokers groups and also between pre and post-exercise within each group. Heart rate and RPE showed significant increased (p<0.05) during the exercise session in both groups. As a conclusion, acute bout of exercised does not affect salivary lactoferrin responses among sedentary smokers and non-smokers men.
Experiências de médicos brasileiros em seus primeiros meses na Atenção Primária à Saúde na Terra Indígena Yanomami

O Programa Mais Medicos ampliou o acesso a assistencia medica nos contextos indigenas brasileiros, como na Terra Yanomami (TY). Ate novembro de 2018, na TY havia exclusivamente medicos cubanos, quando foram substituidos por brasileiros. Esta pesquisa qualitativa buscou compreender as experiencias desses medicos brasileiros em seus primeiros meses de trabalho. Realizou-se analise tematica dos conteudos provenientes de entrevistas semiestruturadas, tendo como fio condutor os principios da Atencao Primaria a Saude (APS) e como referenciais teoricos o saber da experiencia e as politicas de saude indigena. Emergiram tres categorias relacionadas ao cuidado em saude indigena: processo de trabalho, encontro entre culturas e formacao medica. As experiencias mostraram-se complexas e heterogeneas, com demonstracao de satisfacao e aprendizados. Conclui-se que o cuidado em saude indigena demanda um olhar singular e diferenciado para os principios da APS, devendo-se construir competencias para atuacao medica nesse contexto.