Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Maternal and Perinatal Outcome of Premature Rupture of Fetal Membrane Cases in Jimma University Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia

Background: Premature rupture of the fetal membranes (PROM) is the rupture of the amniotic membranes with release of the amniotic fluid more than 1 hour prior to the onset of labor confronts both clinicians and patients with a difficult dilemma it can cause serious maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: Prospective dichotomous cohort study was carried out to study incidence, maternal and perinatal outcome of patients with PROM cases managed in Jimma university teaching hospital (JUTH). Methods: Institution based study, 422 had premature rupture of membrane admitted to Jimma university medical center over eight months. Dichotomous cohort study was done between 172 those delivered within twelve hours of rupture of fetal membrane and 250 patients those delivered more than twelve hours after rupture of fetal membrane. Results: Incidence of premature rupture of membrane was 14.6%. Gestation age less than 37 weeks account 42 (1.5%). Mother who admitted to maternity word for conservative management stayed as minimum 4 days and maximum 33 days. Contributing factor for neonatal admission to intensive care unit by multivariate analysis show that delivery before 34 weeks more contribute for NICU admission RR 4 (p-0.000) when compare to that of duration of rupture of membrane. Contributing factors for increasing poor post-partum maternal outcome by univariate analysis were PROM > 12 hours RR 1.8, P-0.011 and those monthly income ≤ $1.9, RR, 0.69, (p, 0.108). By multivariate analysis PROM > 12hours RR 1.9, P-0.015 was significantly increase poor maternal outcome those compare to monthly income ≤ $1.9, RR, 0.69, (p,0.108). Most patients with gestational age ≤ 34 weeks delivered after 12 hours PROM for the reason of conservative inpatient management. The maternal hospital stays were significantly related with duration of rupture of membrane with R = 4.9 (p-0.028). Conclusion and Recommendation: The overall hospital incidence was considered to be high as compared to the universal incidence. Early delivery will decrease antepartum morbidity than conservative management for those indicated. Depend upon this study conservative management of those gestation ages less than 34 weeks will decrease neonatal intensive care admission. Early delivery will decrease operative delivery than conservative management. Shorting of duration of premature rupture of membrane will decrease maternal infection, and also will decrease hospital stay.
METABOLIC PROFILING OF ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL HEXANE FRACTION OF THE LEAVES OF PHYLLANTHUS MUELLERIANUS KUNTZE (EXELL.) USING GC-MS ANALYSIS

The hexane and ethylacetate fractions of Phyllanthus muellerianus demonstrated sensitivity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and local isolates. The metabolic profiling of the hexane fraction of the leaves of the plant using GC-MS analysis showed the presence of three fatty acids methyl esters (hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (8.25%)), cis-13-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (4.48%), octadecanoic acid methyl ester (3.02%)), four fatty acid ethyl esters (Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (8.17%), linoleic acid ethyl ester (0.63%), ethyl oleate (12.94%), octadecanoic acid ethyl ester (6.11%)), a propyl ester (n-propyl-11-Octadecenoate (5.74%)), two butyl esters (Hexadecanoic acid butyl ester (3.28%), Octadecanoic acid butyl ester (1.49%)), a monoterpene (Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes-2,6,-trimethyl (9.21%)) , an acyclic diterpene alcohol (Phytol (16.18%)), an unsaturated cyclic alcohol (3,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-enol (1.30%)) and a triterpene polyunsaturated hydrocarbon (squalene (4.19%)). Phytol, with the highest percentage, and squalene had been reported in literature to show antimycobacterial activity. Some of the constituents are also known to possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties which could have contribute to the therapeutic effect of the plant.
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Menopausal Problems among Women at Rural Areas at Mangaluru.

Background of the study: Menopause is a unique stage of female life cycle, a transition from reproductive stage. A variety of physiological and physical changes takes place in the body, before and during menopause. This transition will be smooth, only if women are aware of the natural changes occurring in their body, which will help them to adopt self-help behavior and to improve their physical health. It’s therefore essential to provide information to women regarding menopausal problems through a structured teaching program. Objectives of the study • To determine the pre-test level of knowledge among women regarding menopausal problems. • To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding menopausal problems among women. • To find the association between pre-test knowledge score with the selected demographic variables. Methodology: A quasi experimental non randomised control group design was performed among 100 women. Sample was selected using non probability convenience sampling technique. The pre-test knowledge levels were assessed in both groups by structured interview method and structured teaching program was administered for the experimental group on the same day. Post-test was conducted after seven days using the same tool. Data analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In pre-test, majority of samples in experimental group (86%) and control group (88%) had poor knowledge regarding menopausal problems. Whereas in post-test majority of respondents had good knowledge in experimental group (58%) and poor knowledge in control group (88%). There was significant difference between pre-test and post test score of knowledge score in both the group (p
Chart for Sudanese Fetal Age Assessment using Sonographic Fetal Limb Bones Measurements

Authors Dalia B. A. , Mona Ahmed, Ahmed Abukonna* Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Medical Radiologic Science, Khartoum, Sudan Corresponding Author Ahmed Abukonna Email: konaa17@hotmail.com Abstract A study conducted on140pregnant women referred routinely for routine scan of 14 – 40 weeks’ gestation at ultrasound department of Oma-algora specialize hospital (Aljazeera-Sudan) during the period from June 2016 to February 2017. Sonographic examination was obtained for all participants (140 pregnant ladies) in supine position using ultrasound machine (LOGIQ 100 PRO) with 3.5 MHz convex transducer. Women were selected on the basis of certain last menstrual period, history of regular cycle and at least one ultrasound scan before 16 weeks to confirm gestational age. All long bones (radius, ulna, humerus, tibia, fibula and femur) were measured in a plane such that the bone was as close as possible to a right angle to the ultrasound beam. The values were expressed as means ± 2 standard deviations for each week of gestation. The growth of the fetal limb bones was linear from 14 through 38 weeks' gestation, but the various bones appeared to grow at different rates. The result of the study revealed that growth pattern of long bone length, early fetal development is characterized by accelerated growth of the upper and lower limbs from 14 to 30 weeks followed by a decrease in weekly increment rate. Furthermore the growth of the upper limbs accelerated compared with the lower limbs. All of the limb bone lengths correlate with gestational age and may serve as indicators of skeletal dysplasia.
Cognitive and Psychosocial Predictors of Academic Achievement among Pre-Service Teachers in University of Ilorin, Nigeria

Cognitive and psychosocial development is crucial during the period of adolescence. This study was conducted to examine the cognitive and psychosocial predictors of academic achievement of Preservice teachers in the University of Ilorin, Nigeria.The research design used for this study was a descriptive survey using an expost-facto method. The population for this study consisted of all 200 level undergraduates at the Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin,Ilorin, Nigeria. Simple Random sampling techniques was used to select 400 students. Self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg in 1965 was used to measure the respondents’ self-esteem while Proforma was used to collect their O’Level, UTME, Post UTME results and the respondents CPGA. The findings of this study indicated that the level of self-esteem of pre-service teachers sampled was high;the level of academic achievement of Pre-service teachers in University of Ilorin, Nigeria sampled was average; there was a significant relationship among cognitive entry characteristics (O’LEVEL, UTME, and Post UTME), self-esteem and Academic Achievement of pre-service teachers in University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The study recommended that educational psychologists, teachers and other stakeholders should be aware of students’ cognitive ability in order to be effective in helping them learn and achieve.
Enhancing Corn Productivity through Application of Vermi Tea as Foliar Spray

One of the major commodities in the Province of Apayao is corn. In the municipality of Conner, a previous study conducted showed that corn farmers heavily rely on the use of inorganic fertilizers and still produce low yield. This study was then conducted to compare traditional farming against the use of an intervention using Vermi Tea as supplemental spray. Results of this endeavor showed that the farms applied with supplemental organic spray performed better that that of the usual farmer’s practice in various aspects of corn growth and yield. Findings show that vermi tea, when used as a foliar spray can significantly improve the growth and yield of corn . Due to the presence of plant growth regulators, and its ability to improve the condition of the soil, the corn farm sprayed with vermi tea produced taller corn crops with longer and thicker ears. As reflected in this study, corn when applied with the vermi tea can have an increased yield which can go as high as two tons/ha. More importantly, vermi tea promotes the use of organic fertilizer which does not entail high cost and can be prepared using agricultural wastes and other locally available materials. This will not only contribute to the reduction of the amount of total waste but will also help minimize the use of chemical fertilizers. The technology intervention promoted in this project complements and supports various government agency thrusts and priorities which are geared towards improving the agriculture industry, maintaining environmental quality and sustainable use of resources, climate change adaptation and mitigation; and production of excellent researches that will promote quality education and contribute to the upliftment of the country and encourage multisectoral/ multidisciplinary research along the priority areas like food safety and security among others.
A Study on the Molecular Epidemiology of Brucella abortus among Cattle in Western Rajasthan

Bovine brucellosis is usually caused by biovars of Brucella abortus. It is one of the important diseases impacting the dairy sector in India, including Rajasthan, which is often neglected because of its endemicity and often persists in the poorest and most vulnerable populations. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of Brucella abortus in the cases of reproductive disorders such as abortion, stillborn or weak calves, neonatal mortality, retained placenta, delayed conception and infertility among the cattle in Western Rajasthan. A total of 87 vaginal samples including swabs (64) and discharges (23) were collected from cattle with a clinical history of reproductive failures, and screened using Brucella genus specific bcsp31 gene based PCR followed by Brucella abortus species specific IS711 based PCR. The results revealed 12.64% of the clinical samples positive for the presence of Brucella spp. , including 12.50% of vaginal swabs and 13.04% of the vaginal discharges. All the samples detected positive in genus specific PCR were detected positive for the presence of Brucella abortus. The present study confirmed the considerable involvement of Brucella abortus as a major etiological agent in the clinical cases of reproductive disorders in cattle highlighting the urgent need for implementation of strict measures to control the disease in Western Rajasthan.
SATISFACTION WITH DENTAL APPEARANCE AND DESIRED ESTHETIC TREATMENT IN SAUDI DENTAL PATIENTS

Introduction: Understanding of factors influencing patients’ satisfaction towards their dental appearance could enhance treatment planning in a proper way that would improve the success of esthetic treatment. This study aimed to assess the satisfaction with dental appearance, desired treatments to improve dental esthetics and background factors influencing satisfaction with dental appearance. Methods: This is a cross sectional study included 172 patients attended public dental clinics in Albaha city. The data collected by interviews with a pretested structured questionnaire. The logistic regression modeling was conducted to assess the association between patients’ satisfaction and background factors. Results: The majority of study participants were unsatisfied with their general dental appearance. About 62% of study participants were unsatisfied with the color of their teeth, and 23.8% felt that their teeth are crowded. The young participants in 18-34 age group were 3.7 times more likely to be unsatisfied with their dental appearance than participants who were ≥ 55 years old (P value = 0.001). The women were 2.6 times more likely to be unsatisfied with their dental appearance than men (P value = 0.009). The participants who had a post-secondary level of education were 1.3 more likely to be unsatisfied with their dental appearance, in comparison to those with primary/secondary level of education. Conclusion: The majority of the dental patients in Albaha city were dissatisfied with their dental appearance. This dissatisfaction was more expressed by young, women and highly educated patients.
CHRONOMODULATED CHEMOTHERAPY AND CONCOMITANT RADIOTHERAPY, FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF LOCALLY ADVANCED, HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and toxicity of chronomodulated concomitant chemotherapy using weekly Cisplatin at 0600 hour and 1800 hour along with radical external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in the management of locally advanced head and neck carcinoma (LAHNC). Material and method: Previously untreated, histopathologically proven 60 patients of LAHNC (stage III-IVB) were taken for definitive treatment by concurrent chemoradiation. These patients were randomly assigned (by draw of lots) either of two groups; group I, the 0600 hour cisplatin administration and group II, the 1800 hour cisplatin administration group, each in dose of 30 mg/m 2 . EBRT was given as 66Gy/ 33Fr/ 6.5 weeks on telecobalt machine. Night shift workers were excluded. Response to treatment and toxicity were investigated. Observations were made at the end of treatment and 6 months of follow up. Results: At the end of treatment, complete tumor response (CRT) in group II were better (40.0% versus 26.7%) and complete node response (CRN) were comparable (34.8% versus 34.6%). Acute skin and mucosal reactions (grade 3) were 3.3% versus 10% each. Hematological toxicity: fall in hemoglobin (grade 3) was lesser in group II patients3.3% versus 10% in group I, fall in total leukocyte count was observed up to grade 1 only in two patients (6.7%) of each group. Upper gastro-intestinal toxicity was significantly lesser in group II (6.7% versus 26.7%; p= 0.038), also translating to weight loss, (3.3% versus 13.3%; p= 0.161). Disease status at last follows up was as follows: CRT in group I and II70% versus 73.3% and CRN 70.1% versus 78.3%. Late mucosal reactions were same in two groups (grade I+II, 73.3%). Skin reactions were lesser in group II. None of the patients experienced grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Conclusion: Administration of cisplatin; in the evening is better compared to morning administration in terms of disease control and toxicity profile; given concurrent with EBRT, for management of LAHNC. A larger study with more groups receiving chemotherapy at frequent intervals (say 6 hours apart) may further establish the very right time of administration of chemotherapy. INTRODUCTION: Cancer is an alarmingly increasing health problem worldwide 1 . Out of all cancers, approximately one third occur in the head and neck region. Approximately 70-80% of these patients are diagnosed with locally advanced disease and 30-50% had lymph node involvement.
Use of oral literature in the teaching of English grammar in secondary schools in Bondo district- Kenya

The mastery of grammar forms a basis for achieving proficiency in the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Teachers of English language should therefore, aim at ensuring learners acquire adequate competence in grammar. In order to realize this, it is important to teach language in context. Thus, the use of oral literature in the teaching of grammar in secondary schools would provide the learners with a genuine learning context and a focus to communicate. Therefore, the present study sought to establish the use of oral literature in the teaching of English grammar in secondary schools in Bondo District. The objectives of the study were to: find out teachers’ conceptualization of using oral literature in the teaching of English grammar and establish teachers’ use of oral literature in the teaching of grammar. The study was based on the descriptive survey design. The sample consisted of all the 28 secondary schools in the district and 44 English language teachers. Data were collected by use of questionnaires, observation schedule and document analysis schedule. The study established that even though teachers appreciate the benefits of contextualized grammar teaching, majority do not exploit oral literature genres in the teaching of English grammar because they do not know how to integrate the genres in classroom teaching. The study recommends that all genres should be carefully selected and used in the teaching of grammar and that English grammar should not be taught in isolation with emphasis on rules as this would promote linguistic competence as opposed to communicative competence.
A Uniquely Altered Oral Microbiome Composition Was Observed in Pregnant Rats With Porphyromonas gingivalis Induced Periodontal Disease

Porphyromonas gingivalis is an anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the oral cavity and associated with the development of periodontal disease. P. gingivalis has also been linked to several systemic vascular and inflammatory diseases including poor pregnancy outcomes. Little is known about the changes in the oral flora during pregnancy in connection to P. gingivalis infection. This pilot study aims to explore changes in the oral microbiome due to P. gingivalis inoculation and pregnancy in an in vivo rat model of periodontal disease. A metagenomic sequencing analysis targeting seven of the 16S rRNA gene variable regions was performed for oral samples collected at the following time points: baseline control (week 0), P. gingivalis inoculated (week 11), P. gingivalis inoculated and pregnant rat at necropsy (week 16). A second set of animals were also sampled to generate a sham-inoculated (week 11) control group. We found that the rat oral microbiome profiles were more similar to that of the human oral cavity compared to previous reports targeting one or two 16S variable regions. Overall, there appears to be a relatively stable core microbiome in the oral cavity. As expected, P. gingivalis induced periodontal disease resulted in oral microbiome dysbiosis. During pregnancy, some aspects of the oral microbiome shifted toward a more baseline-like profile. However, population analyses in terms of dissimilarity measures and especially metagenomic based predictions of select characteristics such as cell morphology, oxygen requirement, and major metabolite synthesis showed that pregnancy did not restore the composition of the oral microbiome. Rather, a uniquely altered oral microbiome composition was observed in pregnant rats with pre-established periodontal disease.
Global Transcription Profiles of Anaplasma phagocytophilum at Key Stages of Infection in Tick and Human Cell Lines and Granulocytes

The incidence of human diseases caused by tick-borne pathogens is increasing but little is known about the molecular interactions between the agents and their vectors and hosts. Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap) is an obligate intracellular, tick-borne bacterium that causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans, dogs, sheep, and horses. In mammals, neutrophil granulocytes are a primary target of infection, and in ticks, Ap has been found in gut and salivary gland cells. To identify bacterial genes that enable Ap to invade and proliferate in human and tick cells, labeled mRNA from Ap bound to or replicating within human and tick cells (lines HL-60 and ISE6), and replicating in primary human granulocytes ex vivo, was hybridized to a custom tiling microarray containing probes representing the entire Ap genome. Probe signal values plotted over a map of the Ap genome revealed antisense transcripts and unannotated genes. Comparisons of transcript levels from each annotated gene between test conditions (e.g., Ap replicating in HL-60 vs. ISE6) identified those that were differentially transcribed, thereby highlighting genes associated with each condition. Bacteria replicating in HL-60 cells upregulated 122 genes compared to those in ISE6, including numerous p44 paralogs, five HGE-14 paralogs, and 32 hypothetical protein genes, of which 47% were predicted to be secreted or localized to the membrane. By comparison, 60% of genes upregulated in ISE6 encoded hypothetical proteins, 60% of which were predicted to be secreted or membrane associated. In granulocytes, Ap upregulated 120 genes compared to HL-60, 33% of them hypothetical and 43% of those predicted to encode secreted or membrane associated proteins. HL-60-grown bacteria binding to HL-60 cells barely responded transcriptionally, while ISE6-grown bacteria binding to ISE6 cells upregulated 48 genes. HL-60-grown bacteria, when incubated with ISE6 cells, upregulated the same genes that were upregulated by ISE6-grown bacteria exposed to uninfected ISE6. Hypothetical genes (constituting about 29% of Ap genes) played a disproportionate role in most infection scenarios, and particular sets of them were consistently upregulated in bacteria binding/entering both ISE6 and HL-60 cells. This suggested that the encoded proteins played central roles in establishing infection in ticks and humans.