Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spurious effects of the deep convection parameterisation on the simulation of a Sahelian heatwave

A severe heatwave occurred in April 2010 over West Africa. It was characterised by a particularly high daily minimum temperature reaching more than 35°C locally and a high water vapour content. In this study we analyse the ability of a mesoscale limited‐area model to represent such an event and investigate the advantage of using an explicit representation of deep convection for such a case associated with very limited precipitation amounts. Two high‐resolution simulations (5 km × 5 km horizontal grid) have been performed from 10 to 19 April 2010; they are identical except that one uses a deep convection parameterisation (simulation PARAM) and the other does not (simulation EXPL). These simulations are evaluated with different observational datasets including gridded products as well as local meteorological measurements and radiosoundings. Overall, both simulations display a negative temperature bias in the low levels but this bias is much more pronounced in PARAM, mainly due to evaporative cooling of spurious precipitation. Indeed, in PARAM, precipitation is too frequently triggered (around mid‐day, i.e., several hours too early) and too strong; the intertropical discontinuity (ITD) propagates too far north during this 10‐day sequence. Conversely, in EXPL, the observed northward shift of the ITD is correctly simulated and precipitation displays a better timing, variability, intensity and latitudinal extent. It thus appears that the representation of deep convection affects the atmospheric circulation associated with the heatwave event. The mechanisms involved in this humid heatwave are further investigated with thermodynamic and dynamic budgets which also underline the main differences between the two simulations. A proper representation of deep convection on sub‐diurnal time‐scale turns out to be necessary for the simulation of this heatwave episode, which points to the interest of convection‐permitting simulations for the study of heatwaves even though they are generally characterised by very little precipitation.
Evaluation of feeding ruminal-protected folate and cobalt pectinate on growth performance, carcass characteristics and plasma vitamin B12 and folate status in finishing beef steers

Abstract A large pen feedlot study was conducted to evaluate the response of yearling steers fed novel sources of rumen-protected folate (RPFA) and cobalt (cobalt pectinate; Co-PECT) on plasma levels of vitamin B12 and folate, growth performance, and carcass characteristics. A total of 2,100 steers (initial BW = 381 ± 45.2 kg.) were enrolled in the study at the time of randomization with 2,091 steers started on treatment diets following the transition to the finishing diet. A generalized randomized block design with sampling error (GRBD) with two treatments and 15 pen replications per treatment (5 blocks × 6 pens/block; 30 pens total with 70 steers/pen) were evaluated with pen serving as the experimental unit. A control (CON) treatment consisted of the standard finishing diet while the test diet consisted of the standard finishing diet providing 3.0 mg ∙ kg−1 DM of RPFA and 1.0 mg ∙ kg−1 DM total supplemental cobalt with approximately half coming from Co-PECT (TEST). Blood samples were collected from 60 randomly selected steers at study initiation and prior to shipping for plasma B12 and folate measurement. Data were analyzed with the model including fixed effects of treatment, block, and treatment within block interaction. Live growth performance was not affected by treatment; however, carcass-adjusted performance and hot carcass weight were numerically improved by TEST in 3 of the 5 blocks (treatment × within block interaction, P ≤ 0.03) of cattle. Plasma levels for both folic acid and vitamin B12 were extremely low at study initiation and increased over the course of the feeding period. Feeding TEST increased (P < 0.01) plasma B12 levels compared to CON by the completion of the trial; however, mean levels would still be considered marginal. Plasma folate was lower (P < 0.05) in TEST steers at the beginning of the study, with no difference between treatments by the time cattle were shipped. Results suggested that cattle coming into the feedlot may be of low or marginal status in both plasma folate and vitamin B12. While the status of folate and B12 improved in both CON and TEST with days on feed, providing RPFA and Co-PECT further helped improve vitamin B12 status; although, overall levels remained low, which may have affected the overall response to RPFA. Additional research is required to better understand the role of B vitamin supplementation for growing-finishing feedlots and develop methods for assessing the status and improving potential responses.
Assertiveness and Self-esteem among Nurses Working at a Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan

INTRODUCTION: In the nursing profession, assertiveness and self-esteem are essential components for effective patient care and therapeutic relationships. Lack of these components have been found to be a major problem in the nursing profession today. The objective of the study was to find out the level of assertiveness and self-esteem among nurses working at Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted among 155 nurses working at Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan. Stratified proportionate simple random sampling technique was used to select sample. Data was collected by using standardized self-administered tool {Simple Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (SRAS) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES)} from 2078-11-29 to 2078-12-11. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The study revealed that more than half of the nurses (51.0%) have high assertiveness and more than half of the nurses (54.8%) have high level of self-esteem. There was statistically significant association between assertiveness and age (p=0.004), ethnicity (p<0.001), area of residence (p=0.020), marital status (p=0.008), educational level (p=0.001) and work experiences (p=0.044) of the nurses. Similarly, there was statistically significant association between self-esteem and age (p=<0.001), educational level (p=0.010) and self-reported job satisfaction (p=<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, about half of the nurses have low level of assertiveness and low level of self-esteem. Thus, the organization need to plan and conduct different training programs on improving assertiveness and self-esteem for the nurses so that it will boost their confidence, and this will ultimately improve patient care.
Designing Landscape of Urban Gardening Based on Optimized Artificial Intelligence Model

The landscape is driven by innovative design, adhering to the concept of “poetic residence, inheritance, and innovation,” which has long served China’s urban and rural development and the construction of ecological civilization and provided high-quality planning and design services for governments at all levels throughout the country; we construct a particle swarm optimization (PSO) landscape pattern spatial optimization model and solution algorithm to optimize the spatial layout of the landscape for economic development, ecological protection, and integrated scenarios in a city in southwest China. The results show that the PSO-based landscape pattern spatial optimization model and algorithm can use particle position to simulate landscape distribution for spatial pattern optimization. In the development of landscape pattern optimization methods, the landscape pattern optimization model with landscape simulation evolution as the core has shown its advantages. In the target year, the dominant landscape of economic development scenario is urban and orchards, and the landscape pattern shows the distribution characteristics of urban, farmland in the western dam area, and orchards in the eastern mountainous area; the dominant landscape of ecological protection scenario is forest, urban, and rural residential and industrial mining; and the landscape pattern shows the distribution characteristics of urban and rural residential and industrial mining, orchards, farmland in the western dam area, and forest in the eastern mountainous area. The landscape pattern shows that the western dam area is dominated by urban and rural residential and industrial, while the eastern mountainous area is dominated by forests and orchards. The integrated scenario has the highest potential for the future, and its economic, ecological, and comprehensive benefits can be optimized, which is the best spatial layout of the landscape pattern in the study area in the target year.
Screening for Astragalus hamosus Triterpenoid Saponins Using HPTLC Methods: Prior Identification of Azukisaponin Isomers

Due to their particular structural characteristics, the extraction and isolation of saponins from plants present a serious challenge. In this study, specific extraction protocols were first implemented to extract the secondary metabolites from Astragalus hamosus and, more precisely, the saponins. Subsequent purification of the extracts was based on a single chromatographic technique, high-performance thin-layer chromatography, applying two development systems: a one-step system that separated molecules according to their polarity and a multiple development system that made it possible to detect the triterpenoid saponins, azukisaponin or soyasapogenol at a retarded Rf of 0.2. The difficulties of detecting the Astragalus hamosus saponins encountered during the extraction and purification of the extracts have been highlighted and the strategy carried out to isolate the saponins has been discussed.
TRACING THE MAGNETIC FIELD MORPHOLOGY OF THE LUPUS I MOLECULAR CLOUD

Deep R-band CCD linear polarimetry collected for fields with lines of sight toward the Lupus I molecular cloud is used to investigate the properties of the magnetic field within this molecular cloud. The observed sample contains about 7000 stars, almost 2000 of them with a polarization signal-to-noise ratio larger than 5. These data cover almost the entire main molecular cloud and also sample two diffuse infrared patches in the neighborhood of Lupus I. The large-scale pattern of the plane-of-sky projection of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the main axis of Lupus I, but parallel to the two diffuse infrared patches. A detailed analysis of our polarization data combined with the Herschel/SPIRE 350 μm dust emission map shows that the principal filament of Lupus I is constituted by three main clumps that are acted on by magnetic fields that have different large-scale structural properties. These differences may be the reason for the observed distribution of pre- and protostellar objects along the molecular cloud and the cloud’s apparent evolutionary stage. On the other hand, assuming that the magnetic field is composed of large-scale and turbulent components, we find that the latter is rather similar in all three clumps. The estimated plane-of-sky component of the large-scale magnetic field ranges from about 70 to 200 μG in these clumps. The intensity increases toward the Galactic plane. The mass-to-magnetic flux ratio is much smaller than unity, implying that Lupus I is magnetically supported on large scales.
Caffeine Content of Bondowoso Arabica Ground Coffee with Variation of Roasting Profile and Type of Packages

Bondowoso Arabica coffee is a type of coffee that grows on the slopes of Mount Ijen-Raung. It has a high commercial value and distinctive taste. Coffee processing applications from roasting, grinding, packaging and brewing to storage will affect the quality of coffee. Caffeine is one of the compounds in coffee that contributes to bitterness and has certain pharmacological effects. This study aimed to determine the caffeine content of Bondowoso Arabica coffee harvested on August 2021 which was obtained from Sukosari Lor village with various roast profiles and types of packaging. In this study, Arabica coffee was roasted with light roast, medium roast and dark roast profiles. Then each treatment was mashed to obtain ground coffee. Ground coffee was put in a standing pouch made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of 75 microns; polypropylene (PP) with a thickness of 100 microns; and polypropylene (PP) with a thickness of 120 microns and then stored for three months. During the storage of first and third months, caffeine levels were measured. Based on the results of the study, the caffeine content was increase along with higher roasting temperature. During the storage process, the caffeine content in ground coffee packaged using PP decreased the most.
An examination of online cheating among business students through the lens of the Dark Triad and Fraud Diamond

ABSTRACT Business students have long been noted for their differential proclivity to engage in academic misconduct. Unfortunately, the potential for misconduct has been exacerbated in recent years by rapid advances in technology, easy access to information, competitive pressures, and the proliferation of websites that provide students access to information that allows them to directly circumvent the learning process. Using a convenience sample of 631 students matriculating in various business majors at four U.S. universities and structural equations modeling procedures, this study assesses the effects of psychological factors on business students’ propensities to utilize the services of homework assistance websites. Specifically, we examine how “Dark Triad” personality traits (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) interact with Fraud Diamond elements to influence student decisions to engage the services of these websites. We find that each Dark Triad trait exerts a significant influence on at least one of the Fraud Diamond elements, which in turn have a significant direct or indirect positive association with students’ reported intentions to utilize, and reported utilization of, these websites.
FinTech Development and Regulatory Scrutiny: A Contradiction? The Case of Latvia

The purpose of this study is to examine whether FinTech companies believe that the growing dependence on regulation represents a potential risk for their development. In 2021, we conducted a survey among Latvian FinTech companies to ascertain their attitude toward regulatory scrutiny. We received 31 responses, representing a 33% response rate. The responses show that regulation is still one of the most pressing issues for FinTech companies, even though it is not necessarily regulation per se that causes concerns, but the lack of a regulatory framework that would be suitable for the special situation of the FinTech sector. However, regulation is now regarded as less problematic than it was in a previous survey in 2019, when respondents saw regulation as the most pressing issue. Moreover, the FinTech industry anticipates better support from the regulator, such as more realistic sandbox approaches and a willingness to consider new business models. According to the survey responses, the UK, Estonian, and Lithuanian regulators can serve as inspiration in this regard. Latvian FinTech companies expect regulators to be more flexible and open in their communication. This study is intended to advance regulatory reform by aiding the understanding of the requirements of fast-evolving FinTech companies.
Can coproduction change the perceived outcome of rural public services? Evidence from the “New Socialist Countryside” initiative in China

The recent research on citizen participation in the provision of public services represented by coproduction has become a hot topic in public management. Coproduction studies propose that citizens can directly or indirectly participate in the process of public services to help improve the quality and legitimacy of public services. Very little, however, has been written in the existing coproduction literature on the outcome of public services provision. Based on the “One-Hundred Villages” Survey in 2020, this article analyzes and evaluates the impact of coproduction on the perceived outcome of public service in rural China. A series of statistical analysis results show that both co-planning and co-delivery have significant and positive impacts on how one views the outcome of rural public service provision. This research provides new evidence in rural China that citizen participation plays a crucial role in the state-led “New Socialist Countryside” campaign.
Improved Stability With Atomic-Layer-Deposited Encapsulation on Atomic-Layer In2O3 Transistors by Reliability Characterization

Ultrathin In2O3 and other recently explored low-thermal-budget ultrathin oxide semiconductors have shown great promise for back-end-of-line (BEOL)-compatible logic layers and monolithic 3-D (M3-D) integration. However, the long-term stability and reliability of these defect-rich atomically thin channels have not been intensively explored yet. Here, we present a study of the long-term reliability of transistors with 1.2-nm-thick atomic-layer-deposited (ALD)-grown In2O3 channels by room-temperature positive bias instability (PBI) and negative bias instability (NBI) experiments. The observed behavior can be largely explained by a trap neutrality level (TNL) model. A route to reduce the parameter drift has been developed using encapsulation in sequence with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> engineering by an O2 plasma treatment. After treatment, the magnitude of long-term <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> shift is reduced for both positive and negative gate bias stresses, and for negative bias stress, other transistor parameters are stabilized as well. In all cases, the subthreshold swing (SS) does not change over time, suggesting that stress-induced interface defects form far below the conduction band, if at all.
Dietary Factors Associated with Asthma Development: A Narrative Review and Summary of Current Guidelines and Recommendations

Abstract Asthma is a complex disease, caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The prevalence of asthma is increasing too rapidly to be attributable to genetic factors alone. Thus, environmental factors are becoming increasingly recognized as the cause of asthma. Modifying these environmental factors may be a simple approach for asthma prevention. To date, dietary intervention is an interesting modifiable factor because it can be implemented at the population level. The modification of systemic inflammation, oxidation, and microbial composition might be a mechanistic basis for prevention. This review summarizes the mechanistic basis and evidence from clinical studies on the association between dietary factors and asthma development. We also summarize the recommendations from many organizations and regional guidelines to assist the practicing physician to improve patient care.
University learners’ utilisation of online videos in a general chemistry course

The effectiveness of course videos needs to be analysed, and in doing so, it is important to consider the utilisation behaviours and opinions of learners. In this regard, this study was primarily conducted to analyse Kyrgyz learners’ utilisation of videos in a general chemistry course provided at the university level. This study was conducted during the 2019–2020 spring term at a state university in the Kyrgyz Republic and was structured using a mixed-method approach. The total number of participants was 105 Kyrgyz learners studying at the undergraduate level. Quantitative data were collected through an online survey, which consisted of demographic questions and items related to the utilisation of chemistry videos. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 13 learners. It was demonstrated through the data that learners used chemistry videos for 1–2 h per week. Also, the learners’ utilisation did not change with regard to their success from watching the videos. Learners’ utilisation of the chemistry videos was based on five factors: intrinsic motivation, self-concept of ability, self-perception of conscientiousness, video use and expectations of an online video library. This study also provided results regarding Kyrgyz learners’ problems and suggestions related to their utilisation of the videos.
Computational Aspects of Polynomial Identities

A comprehensive study of the main research done in polynomial identities over the last 25 years, including Kemer's solution to the Specht problem in characteristic O and examples in the characteristic p situation. The authors also cover codimension theory, starting with Regev's theorem and continuing through the Giambruno-Zaicev exponential rank. The "best" proofs of classical results, such as the existence of central polynomials, the tensor product theorem, the nilpotence of the radical of an affine PI-algebra, Shirshov's theorem, and characterization of group algebras with PI, are presented.
Challenges in Diagnosing COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Critically Ill Patients: The Relationship between Case Definitions and Autoptic Data

Critically ill COVID-19 patients can develop invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Considering the weaknesses of diagnostic tests/case definitions, as well as the results from autoptic studies, there is a debate on the real burden of aspergillosis in COVID-19 patients. We performed a retrospective observational study on mechanically ventilated critically ill COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit (ICU). The primary objective was to determine the burden of CAPA by comparing clinical diagnosis (through case definitions/diagnostic algorithms) with autopsy results. Twenty patients out of 168 (11.9%) developed probable CAPA. Seven (35%) were females, and the median age was 66 [IQR 59–72] years. Thirteen CAPA patients (65%) died and, for six, an autopsy was performed providing a proven diagnosis in four cases. Histopathology findings suggest a focal pattern, rather than invasive and diffuse fungal disease, in the context of prominent viral pneumonia. In a cohort of mechanically ventilated patients with probable CAPA, by performing a high rate of complete autopsies, invasive aspergillosis was not always proven. It is still not clear whether aspergillosis is the major driver of mortality in patients with CAPA.
Exploring co-creation experience and value in the video game industry : how gamers create value through a rule changing online game that has no rules

With the shift from goods- to service-dominant logic, it is crucial to effectively enable value co-creation through suitable value propositions. Formulating value propositions includes insights on the customer’s capabilities, and expectations, which can be obtained through the customer’s co-creation experiences. However, there is a limited amount of research in this area, especially from the customer’s perspective. In order to close this knowledge gap and successfully facilitate value co-creation, the aim of this study is to explore the nature of value co-creation through the customers’ co-creation experiences and their implied determinants. This is done through a case study on the online game Minecraft, due to its open innovation-friendly environment, allowing for a wide range of co-creation options. Data was obtained through a netnographic approach in community forums and video platform. Four areas of value co-creation have been identified, which enable personalized experiences and values. The game’s technological and connective environment, the customer’s role readiness, and the nature of interaction shape co-creation experiences. Furthermore, evidence shows that co-created value is not only generated through a developer-to-gamer relationship, but also between gamer-to-gamer relationships with the developer acting as facilitator. Overall, the study highlights potential co-creation practices and learnings from an eminently innovative industry.