Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral health-related quality of life in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia: a qualitative exploration

Introduction X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare, hereditary, and lifelong phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by rickets in childhood and impaired teeth mineralization. In the oral cavity, spontaneous abscesses can often occur without any clinical signs of alteration of the causal tooth. The objective of our study was to evaluate the oral care pathway and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients following in an expert oral medicine department located within a Parisian hospital and working in close collaboration with an endocrinology department expert in this pathology. Methods This study employed a qualitative descriptive design including semi-structured interviews using guiding themes. Results Twenty-one patients were included in the study. The topics brought up exceeded the initial objectives as the patients mostly addressed the alteration of their oral health-related and general quality of life; a very chaotic oral health care pathway with oral health professionals not aware of their pathology; consequences on their social, professional, and school integration. Patients declared the importance of having a multidisciplinary team around them, including medical and dental professionals. Conclusions The variety of manifestations in patients with XLH necessitates high coordination of multidisciplinary patient care to optimize quality of life and reduce disease burden. Oral health care pathways are very chaotic for patients who have difficulty in finding professionals with sufficient knowledge of the disease. OHRQoL is therefore diminished. This situation improves when patients enter a coordinated care network.
3D Printing of Functional Magnetic Materials: From Design to Applications

The research of functional magnetic materials has become a hot topic in the past few years due to their fast, long‐range, and precise response in diverse environments. Functional magnetic devices using different magnetic materials and structure designs have been developed and demonstrated good advantages to enable various applications. However, the required magnetic materials and structure designs for diverse functions also increase the fabrication difficulties while developing such devices. 3D printing technology presents a powerful and promising manufacturing approach to rapidly fabricate functional magnetic devices of complex geometries in multiple materials and scales. Here, various 3D printing strategies and the underlying mechanisms of functional magnetic materials for several primary applications are systematically reviewed, including, magnetic anisotropy for property enhancement, magnetic robots, magnetic components in electronics, and magneto‐thermal devices. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives in engineering 3D printed functional magnetic devices are discussed.
Monitoring streets through tweets: Using user-generated geographic information to predict gentrification and displacement

The new availability of big data sources provides an opportunity to revisit our ability to predict neighborhood change. This article explores how data on urban activity patterns, specifically, geotagged tweets, improve the understanding of one type of neighborhood change—gentrification—by identifying dynamic connections between neighborhoods and across scales. We first develop a typology of neighborhood change and risk of gentrification from 1990 to 2015 for the San Francisco Bay Area based on conventional demographic data from the Census. Then, we use multivariate regression to analyze geotagged tweets from 2012 to 2015, finding that outsiders are significantly more likely to visit neighborhoods currently undergoing gentrification. Using the factors that best predict gentrification, we identify a subset of neighborhoods that Twitter-based activity suggests are at risk for gentrification over the short term—but are not identified by analysis with traditional census data. The findings suggest that combining Census and social media data can provide new insights on gentrification such as augmenting our ability to identify that processes of change are underway. This blended approach, using Census and big data, can help policymakers implement and target policies that preserve housing affordability and protext tenants more effectively.
Grit through the grind: exploring sport employee work grit

ABSTRACT Research question Sport management scholars have recently taken a greater interest in the psychological processes of sport employees in order to generate well-being among them. One source of well-being for sport employees could be work grit, which is an internal resource that can be utilized by the employee and, by extension, the organization for goal achievement. This study was designed to explore how work grit is experienced by sport employees through the lens of the positive organizational behavior paradigm. Research methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 full-time American sport employees to gain insight into strategies for goal attainment as well as their purpose for working in sport. Utilizing both inductive and deductive processes as part of a thematic analysis process, a conceptualization of sport employee grit was developed. Results and findings The analysis of the data helped to develop a model of sport employee work grit. The model contains two integrated elements of sport employee work grit (goal achievement and fulfillment through sport) and proposed outcomes (perseverance, performance, and psychological well-being). Implications This study introduces work grit theory and its application within the sport management discipline. The findings of this study also suggest that work grit has the potential to advance sport employee well-being and positive organizational behavior theory within sport management literature. It is further suggested that grit can assist sport practitioners in designing effective human resource management strategies to simultaneously help sport employees and the sport organizations for which they work.
Off on the wrong foot: Task avoidance at the outset of primary school anticipates academic difficulties and declining peer acceptance

ABSTRACT The present study examined the academic antecedents of declining peer social status. Participants included 545 (311 boys, 234 girls) Finnish students followed from the 1st through the 4th grade (ages 6–8 at outset). Each year, teachers completed assessments of academic task avoidance and students completed standardized measures of reading and math achievement. Acceptance was assayed through peer nominations. Supporting the hypothesized model, the results indicated that a lack of interest and motivation at the outset of primary school leads to a downward spiral of academic difficulties and diminished peer acceptance. Specifically, academic task avoidance in 1st and 2nd grade anticipated declining math and reading achievement one year later, which in turn, anticipated decreases in peer acceptance the following year. The findings held after controlling for factors known to contribute to school and peer difficulties, such as friendlessness, school readiness, and emotional and behavioural problems.
Feeding a Low-protein Maternal Diet Affects Qinghai Bamei Piglet Jejunal Microbiome-metabolome Response

This experiment investigated the impacts of feeding a maternal low-CP concentration diet having iso-essential amino acids on new born suckling piglets intestinal microbial composition and metabolic profiles. The Bamei swine breed was selected due to high meat quality and flavor, but demonstrates slower growth rates which may be related to jejunal nutrient supply. Forty randomly selected purebred Bamei sows were divided into two groups and fed a low dietary CP (12%, LP) or a normal CP (14%, CON) diet, respectively, but formulated to contain similar (iso-) essential amino acid concentrations per current recommendations. At 21 days, 12 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment and euthanized with jejunum content samples collected. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling were combined as an integrated approach for evaluating the functional impact of maternal CP concentrations on piglet intestinal microbiome. Even though piglets demonstrated similar 0 to 21 d ADG among treatments, the jejunum relative weight, villus width, crypt depth and muscular thickness were increased (P < 0.05), while villus height, and villus height:crypt depth were reduced (P < 0.05) for the material LP compared to the maternal fed CON diet. Maternal CP concentrations can modify the intestinal microbial composition of Bamei suckling piglets. The relative abundances of the bacterial species Escherichia-Shigella, Actinobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Veillonella, and Turicibacter were increased (P < 0.05) in the maternal LP fed diet compared with the maternal fed CON diet. Jejunal digesta metabolomics analysis indicated that several amino acids were metabolized (i.e. cys, met, tyr phe and trp), biosynthesized (arg phe, tyr, and trp), or degraded (lys) were enriched (P < 0.05) for the maternal fed LP compared with the maternal fed CON. Correlation analysis demonstrated that certain intestinal bacterial genera were highly related to the histomorphology and altered intestinal microbiota metabolites. In conclusion, maternal dietary CP concentrations in excess of protein and amino acid requirements not only altered suckling Bamei piglets histomorphology, microbial composition and function, but also modulated jejunum microbial metabolic profiles, which aids in understanding the beneficial effects when feeding a maternal LP diet on piglet intestinal health.
Effects of External Heat Flux and Exhaust Flow Rate on CO and Soot Yields of Acrylic in a Cone Calorimeter

The effects of changes in irradiance level (external heat flux), exhaust flow rate, and hood height on CO and soot yield were examined using a cone calorimeter. Black acrylic, having similar constituents as polymethyl methacrylate, was used as a combustible, and external heat fluxes ranging from 15 to 65 kW/m2 were considered. Both auto and spark ignitions were applied as ignition methods. The difference in auto and spark ignition methods had no effect on CO and soot yields, or on the mass loss rate (MLR), heat release rate (HRR), and effective heat of combustion (EHC), which are global parameters of fire. As the external heat flux increased, the mean MLR and HRR linearly increased while the EHC remained constant. When the external heat flux increased, the mean mass flow rates of CO and CO2 had a directly proportional relationship with the mean MLR. Consequently, CO and CO2 yields remained constant regardless of the external heat flux. In contrast, the mean mass flow rate and mean MLR of soot were linearly proportional as opposed to directly proportional, and the soot yield thus increased linearly with external heat flux. Variations in the exhaust flow rate and hood height, which can alter the velocity and temperature fields in post-flame and plume regions, had almost no impact on CO and soot yields, as well as on MLR and HRR. The results of this study are expected to provide improved insight into conventional approaches on the recognition of CO and soot yields as unique properties of each combustible.
The Bird Assemblage of the Darwin Region (Australia): What Is the Effect of Twenty Years of Increasing Urbanisation?

There has been considerable urban development in the Darwin region over the last twenty years; as for most fauna in Australia since colonisation, the potential effects to the bird assemblage were expected to be disastrous. To provide a broad overview of changes, bird survey data from 1998 and 2018 were extracted from BirdLife Australia’s ‘Atlas of Australian Birds’ database. A total of 165 species were categorised into primary food source feeding guilds and levels of food specialisation. This was integrated into ArcGIS along with land use change mapping from 1998 and 2018 to investigate its impact on bird assemblages. There was no significant change in overall species numbers when all sites were analysed. However, when sites were separated into those with increased urbanisation or decreased greenspace, several sites showed a significant change in the number of species. For the majority of species, analysis of primary food types found no difference in the proportion of species within the assemblages between 1998 and 2018, regardless of the level of urbanisation or greenspace; the exception being those species that primarily feed on insects, where the difference was just significant. An analysis using bird community data sorted into levels of food specialisation also found no difference between 1998 and 2018 despite habitat changes. These findings suggest that although there has been considerable urban development in the Darwin region, bird communities are remaining relatively stable.
Open Markov Type Population Models: From Discrete to Continuous Time

We address the problem of finding a natural continuous time Markov type process—in open populations—that best captures the information provided by an open Markov chain in discrete time which is usually the sole possible observation from data. Given the open discrete time Markov chain, we single out two main approaches: In the first one, we consider a calibration procedure of a continuous time Markov process using a transition matrix of a discrete time Markov chain and we show that, when the discrete time transition matrix is embeddable in a continuous time one, the calibration problem has optimal solutions. In the second approach, we consider semi-Markov processes—and open Markov schemes—and we propose a direct extension from the discrete time theory to the continuous time one by using a known structure representation result for semi-Markov processes that decomposes the process as a sum of terms given by the products of the random variables of a discrete time Markov chain by time functions built from an adequate increasing sequence of stopping times.
Sticking and restitution in collisions of charged sub-mm dielectric grains

In microgravity experiments, dielectric spherical glass grains of 225 μm radius with electrical charges between 105 e and 107 e collide with a metal wall. Collision velocities range from about 0.01 m/s up to 0.2 m/s. Grains rebound from the wall down to a threshold impact velocity below which particles stick. This threshold velocity for sticking increases linearly from below 0.01 m/s to 0.15 m/s with increasing charge on the grains. This can be explained by non-homogeneous surface charges on the grains and mirror charges on the metal wall. The Coulomb attraction boosts the grain speed just prior to impact. This increases the energy dissipated upon impact, and grains can no longer escape the Coulomb field of the mirror charge if they are too slow. For rebounding particles, the final boost decreases the measurable, effective coefficient of restitution and induces a wide spread.
Board Characteristics and Firm Performance: Indian Textiles Sector Panorama

The study has attempted to examine whether the board size and board independence have any impact on the financial performances of the Indian textile firms. Accessing the data of the 40 sample firms representing the top 100 BSE-listed textile firms during the timeline 2015–2019 and applying the panel data regression model, it has assessed the impacts. Accounting- and market-based financial measures have been proxied, and a significant positive association between the board size and firm performance has been established. Interestingly, a significant inverse relationship between the board independence and financial performance has also been indicated. It has concurred policy implications as the inclusion of more number of board members would likely to increase the firm performance. Moreover, for improving the sound decision-making, firms may chalk out a policy with capping on the engagement of independent directors in other firms. It has acknowledged a few limitations and has sketched a roadmap for posterior studies as well. JEL Codes: G28, G30, M40
Non-Porous Sulfonic Acid Catalysts Derived from Vacuum Residue Asphaltenes for Glycerol Valorization via Ketalization with Acetone

In this study, an approach for the preparation of heterogeneous acid catalysts based on asphaltenes isolated from vacuum residue is proposed. Varying the conditions for the sulfonation of asphaltenes made it possible to obtain materials with an acid value of 1.16 to 2.76 meq g−1 and a total sulfur content of 6.4 to 12.3 wt%. The samples obtained were characterized by acid-base titration, nitrogen adsorption, sulfur elemental analysis and transmission electron microscopy techniques, and were studied as potential acid catalysts in the ketalization reaction between glycerol and acetone. Sulfonated asphaltenes (SA) were characterized by a homogeneous distribution of sulfonic groups over the granule surface and an almost complete absence of a porous structure. The ketalization reaction in the presence of SA proceeded without intradiffusion restrictions; as a result of which, their activity was higher than for known heterogeneous catalysts. The most active SA sample (total acid value, 1.16 meq g−1) had an apparent activation energy of 18.0 kJ mol−1, which was lower than the value obtained for the zeolite BEA-40 (29–53 kJ mol−1) and the Amberlyst 36 resin (27 kJ mol−1), and was close to the value for the homogeneous p-TSA catalyst (14.5 kJ mol−1). The SA heterogeneous catalysts did not show any acid leaching and had no loss of activity after five catalytic cycles, with the total turnover number TON = 7247.
Evaluation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Binder and Squid Oil Attractant in the Formulation of Litopenaeus vannamei Diet

Highlight ResearchEffects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder on pellet water stability in shrimp diet.Evaluation of squid oil attractant on feed palatability.The quality of water after inclusion of CMC binder and squid oil in pellet.CMC and squid oil improved dry matter retention and feeding responses in shrimp. AbstractPellet water stability and feeding attractant are the crucial factors to be considered in the formulation of shrimp feed to minimize nutrient leaching and improve food palatability, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the binding effect of supplementation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) during pellet manufacturing, and feeding responses with the inclusion of squid oil in pellet. Both experiments were conducted separately in five feed formulations ranged from 0.00% to 3.00% of CMC and squid oil. All T0 was referred as control with no CMC or squid oil. Experiment was conducted using 30 shrimps/treatment with triplicates. The dry matter retention up to 120 min of immersion and the feeding response test were evaluated in pellet supplemented with CMC and squid oil, respectively. Results showed the percentage of dry matter retentions increased with the increase of CMC, over time. The CMC containing pellets at 2.00% and 3.00% had minimal disintegration in water and possessed high water stability after 120 min immersion. The addition of 3.00% squid oil in feed exhibited a significant result (p<0.05) in the time taken for shrimp to access the pellet, also increased the time starts for ingestion. No significant change was observed in water quality indicated no water contamination occurred throughout the study. Results demonstrated that the addition of CMC binder at 2.00% and 3.00% improved pellet water stability, whilst 3.00% squid oil was recommended to enhance feed palatability. However, future studies on the activity of enzymes in shrimp bodies after treatment would be an advantage.
KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE BACK STRAIGHT SOMERSAULT AND DOUBLE BACK STRAIGHT SOMERSAULT WITH FULL TWIST ON RINGS

The rings are one of the six apparatuses in men's artistic gymnastics. The final element in a rings’ routine is in many cases a crucial skill for scoring the routine. Most of the medallists on rings from the Olympic Games and World Championships for the last 20 years performed either the double back straight somersault or the double back straight somersault with a full twist. The purpose of this study was to conduct a kinematic analysis of double back straight somersault and double back straight somersault with a full twist on rings. The participants selected for this study were the world-class gymnasts Filip Yanev and Jordan Jovchev. The dismounts were recorded with a DV camera by following a standard method of kinematic analysis. During the execution phase, the ankle speed of Gymnast 1 reached 11.11 m/s and that of Gymnast 2 was 11.29 m/s, and the angular velocity increased substantially to 10.0 rad/s and 9.05 rad/s for Gymnast 1 and 2, respectively. The rotational impulse was sufficient for the successful execution of both dismounts. The actions of Gymnast 2 needed for the full twist, including a small arm asymmetry, began just before releasing the rings. The arching-to-piking action beneath the rings, as well as the powerful pull, combined with a sufficient swing of the legs, are crucial factors for the successful execution of the dismounts.
The optical, physical properties and direct radiative forcing of urban columnar aerosols in Yangtze River Delta, China

The aerosol optical and physical properties as well as its direct radiative forcing (DRF) in urban area of Nanjing (urNJ) are investigated, based on the measurements of Cimel sun-photometer combined with a radiation transfer model. We find that the annual mean 550 nm aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the total aerosols is about 0.65, dominated by scattering aerosols (about 94 %), resulting in a mean single scattering albedo (SSA) of 0.93 at 550 nm and refractive index of 1.44 + 0.0084i at 440 nm during the sampling period. The scattering aerosol has larger size than the absorbing aerosol, with Angstrom exponents (AE) of 1.19 at 440/870 nm, 0.13 smaller than the latter one. The coarse mode fraction for the scattering aerosol (18.03 %) is much smaller than the absorbing aerosol's (43.91 %). Thus, the fine mode aerosols presents more scattering (SSA = 0.95) while the coarse aerosol is more absorption (SSA = 0.82). Analysis implies that there are about 15 % and 27.5 % occurrences of dust and black carbon dominated mixing aerosols, respectively, during the sampling period. All the optical properties follow a simple unimodal pattern. Aerosols in urNJ have a two-mode lognormal pattern in volume size distribution, peaking at the radius of 0.148 and 2.94 µm, and the AOD positively depends on them. Although the fine mode aerosol has a much smaller sizes than the coarse one, they have the same level of the volume concentrations (about 0.12 µm 3 /cm 3 ) due to much higher fraction of the fine aerosol. Estimations present that the mean aerosol DRFs at the top of atmosphere (TOA) are −10.69, −16.45, p5.76 W/m 2 , respectively, for the total, scattering and absorbing aerosols in clear sky. At the surface, the DRFs are 1.1–2.5 times stronger than those at TOA, and the fine aerosol DRFs in these three type of aerosols account for 83.7 %, 91.7 % and 67.2 %, respectively, to their totals. Normally, aerosol DRFs is not very sensitive (no more than 5 %) to its profiles in clear sky condition (extreme cases excepted), although both aerosol scattering and absorption could become weaker to some extent if more aerosols were in lower layers. Both the aerosol properties and DRFs have substantial seasonality.