Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL METHODS TO ASSESS THE COLLAPSE AND DAMAGE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS

During the great 2010, Chile earthquake, reinforced concrete (RC) buildings showed adequate performance. However, in some of them a particular damage pattern involving brittle failure of RC walls was observed in the lower stories, usually associated with high axial loads and vertical irregularities. The brittle nature of the failure led to a sudden degradation of the bending capacity and lateral stiffness of the walls. Significant research including experimental campaigns and numerical models has been conducted in order to describe the observed damage in RC walls and identify the possible causes of this behavior. This research studies the collapse and damage of shear wall buildings during the Maule earthquake using state-of-the-art analytical models. The proposed analytical research lies within the family of micro models, and uses finite element models with 4-node shell elements to represent the physical interactions that occur in the wall section at finite element level. Inelastic finite element models were developed in DIANA, and the concrete was modeled following the total strain rotating crack approach. First, different stress-strain constitutive relationships for concrete in compression were evaluated and validated with experimental data. The stress-strain constitutive laws were regularized by preserving the compressive fracture energy, for both, unconfined and confined concrete. Once the constitutive models were validated, a real RC resisting plane damaged during the 2010, Chile earthquake was studied in detail, and the observed damage pattern reproduced by means of two-dimensional inelastic pushover analysis. It can be shown that the damage geometry of the shear wall cannot be correctly represented by conventional inelastic models that ignore the true deformation kinematics with lateral and axial interaction. Indeed, the failure mechanism of resisting planes shows strong coupling between lateral and vertical deformations in the plane. Finally, results of a threedimensional inelastic dynamic analysis of the entire building are presented, which show to be consistent with the observed damage after the earthquake and with the 2D model results.
MDER_A_198176 75..85

Scottish National Spine Deformity Center, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Abstract: Early-onset scoliosis is defined as a spinal curvature greater than 10° in children prior to 10 years of age. Untreated EOS may lead to progressively severe spinal deformity, impaired pulmonary development, restrictive lung disease, and both increased morbidity and mortality. Limitations of established conservative treatments include inability to correct severe deformity, as well as challenges with compliance when casting and bracing is applied. In addition, surgical treatment in the form of traditional growing rods requires regular surgical lengthenings and is associated with complications inherent with repeated invasive procedures and exposure to general anesthesia. MAGEC is an evolving magnetically controlled growing rod system for the treatment of EOS. After initial implantation, lengthening is achieved non-invasively by using magnetic external remote control. MAGEC offers the potential to control moderate and severe EOS, while avoiding repeated surgical procedures and associated complications. In this review, we examine the results from clinical, radiological and explant studies following the use of MAGEC, in the context of other established and emerging treatments for EOS.
Determination of the Level of Selected Elements in Canned Meat and Fish and Risk Assessment for Consumer Health

The objective of the study was to determine the content of cobalt, silver, tin, antimony, lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, vanadium, chromium, manganese, nickel, and uranium in canned meat and canned fish by means of ICP-MS apparatus and mercury analyzer. Also, probabilistic risk assessment (non carcinogenic) was estimated by models including target hazard quotient (THQ). It was found that Mn was the element with the highest concentration in the analyzed products, with average concentration of 0.216 mg·kg−1 in canned meat and 1.196 mg·kg−1 in canned fish. The average contents of other elements were as follows (respectively, for canned meat and fish): Co 0.018 and 0.028 mg·kg−1, Ag 0.0386 and 0.0053 mg·kg−1, Sn 0.059 and 0.200 mg·kg−1, Sb 0.0268 and 0.0377 mg·kg−1, Pb 0.202 and 0.068 mg·kg−1, Hg 0.00003 and 0.02676 mg·kg−1, Cd 0.00496 and 0.0202 mg·kg−1, As 0.002 and 0.857 mg·kg−1, V 0.0003 and 0.095 mg·kg−1, Cr 0.244 and 0.590 mg·kg−1, Mn 0.216 and 1.196 mg·kg−1, Ni 0.004 and 0.088 mg·kg−1, and U < LOQ and 0.047 mg·kg−1. The concentration of As was the highest among other toxic elements in canned fish; therefore, the THQ value of this element revealed the highest level amounting up to 0.77576 (THQmax).
OTT_A_223727 10495..10500

Lin Cheng Qiong Jiao Yuchen Jin Hao Fu Huizhen Zhang Libo Chen 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Preclinical studies have demonstrated that Apatinib, major targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), could inhibit the proliferation of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells in vitro and in vivo. The efficacy and safety in ATC patients, however, remains unknown. Here, we report the case of a 93-year-old female with advanced ATC who initially treated with Apatinib. The tumor shrank notably 4 weeks after the initiation of therapy, which sustained for more than 30 weeks. The cervical CT illuminated a stable disease with a best response of 19.7% of the primary lesion and shrinkage of the metastatic lymph node. Adverse events, including hypertension, dental ulcer, hand-foot syndrome, fatigue, and anorexia, were observed and lightened with supportive treatment and dose reductions. The overall survival of the patient was 41 weeks. This is the first report describing the effectiveness of the VEGFR-2 inhibitor for the treatment of advanced ATC, warranting clinical trials to further ascertain its utility in this challenging setting.
The Relative Chronology of the Naqada Culture: a view from Buto, Ma’adi Harageh and Gerzeh

The focus of this paper* is to establish a precise relative chronology of the Nile Delta sites which are contemporary with the first two cultures of Naqada (around 38503300 BC). The paper tackles various technical questions concerning the chronological position of the Buto and Ma’adi sites, as well as the chronology of a group of Delta sites which are mainly contemporary with the period of Naqada IIb. The precise timing of the various exchanges with the Near-East is determined. Imports from Palestine, then from Uruk into Egypt enable us to clarify the chronologies. Lastly, the relative chronology of the Harageh and Gerzeh prehistoric sites, in the Fayyum area, is also discussed, as is the role of the Badari region in interregional transfers.
The paradoxical thinking ‘sweet spot’: The role of recipients’ latitude of rejection in the effectiveness of paradoxical thinking messages targeting anti-refugee attitudes in Israel

The current research examined whether for a message that is based on the paradoxical thinking principles—i.e., providing extreme, exaggerated, or even absurd views, that are congruent with the held views of the message recipients—to be effective, it needs to hit a ‘sweet spot’ and lead to a contrast effect. That is, it moderates the view of the message's recipients. In the framework of attitudes toward African refugees and asylum seekers in Israel by Israeli Jews, we found that compared to more moderate messages, an extreme, but not too extreme, message was effective in leading to unfreezing for high morally convicted recipients. The very extreme message similarly led to high levels of surprise and identity threat as the extreme message that was found to be effective. However, it was so extreme and absurd that it was rejected automatically. This was manifested in high levels of disagreement compared to all other messages, rendering it less effective compared to the extreme, paradoxical thinking, message. We discuss these findings’ practical and theoretical implications for the paradoxical thinking conceptual framework as an attitude change intervention, and for social judgment theory.
A Retrospective Analysis of 38 Cases of Intracranial Tuberculosis Using Mr Imaging and Its Management In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: It is estimated that approximately one-third of the world’s population are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the agent that causes tuberculosis (TB). 1 Central nervous system TB is a major health concern in developing countries, and is increasing in developed countries because of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and multidrugresistance. 1,2 Intracranial inflammatory granulomas are a diagnostic challenge both to clinicians and radiologists. Materials and Methods: Our department’s records were reviewed from May 2017 to May 2018, and MRI scans of patients diagnosed with intracranial tuberculosis at our hospital were retrospectively studied. The study population comprised of 38 cases (08 children and 30 adults) with ages ranging from 11 to 60 yrs. (mean age 26.58 yrs.), suspected of suffering from intracranial tuberculosis based on clinical history and CSF analysis either before or after a diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis was given on MRI scan. The known cases of treated intracranial tuberculosis/any brain space occupying lesions/previous history of stroke due to known vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and heart disease were excluded from the study. Results: Thirty eight cases of intracranial tuberculosis were included in the study, out of which 30 (78.94%) were adults (≥18 yrs.) and 08 (21.05%) cases were children (<18 yrs.). Majority of cases were in the age group of 11 20 yrs. (44.2%). The most frequent tuberculous lesions encountered in our study were tuberculomas (79.1%) followed by tubercular meningitis (72.1%), cerebritis (6.9%) and abscesses (4.6%). The most frequent tubercular Meningitis-induced complications encountered were infarcts seen in 15 cases (34.9%) and obstructive hydrocephalus in 15 cases (34.9%). Conclusion: MRI plays an important role in the diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis and its associated complications. It helps in identifying the extent of involvement and differentiating tuberculous lesions from other pathologies.
Adaptation and Survival in the Brewing Industry during Prohibition

Can early exposure to demand reductions improve the performance of firms during future demand shocks? I focus on the American brewing industry during prohibition in the early twentieth century. Some breweries faced early reductions in demand when nearby counties introduced prohibition at the local level. Other breweries were insulated from local prohibitions until the start of federal prohibition, when the entire US prohibited the production and distribution of alcoholic drinks. I follow 1,300 breweries throughout both local and federal prohibitions, using firm-level data that I collected. Breweries that faced early reductions in demand were 12% more likely to survive the full prohibition period, from before local prohibition until the end of federal prohibition, than breweries that did not face early reductions in demand. This increase in survival occurred because a group of breweries made early investments in machinery that later facilitated product switching into soda and other foodstuffs. Based on a theoretical model and my identification strategy, I argue that this group of breweries would not have survived prohibition, had they not faced an early reduction in demand. ∗Most recent version: http://www.cehernandez. info/research. I am thankful for the encouragement and guidance of Leah Boustan, as well as the detailed feedback that I have received from Walker Hanlon, Dora Costa, Romain Wacziarg, Edward Leamer, Lynne Zucker and Michael Darby. I also want to thank David Atkin and Xavier Durán for their comments on previous drafts of this paper, as well as Dave Donaldson and Richard Hornbeck for providing their data on transportation costs. I am also grateful to Tracy Lauer, Erica Flanagan and Sarah Weeks at the Anheuser-Busch Library in St. Louis, to Tom Rejmaniak at the National Brewery Museum in Potosi, and to Dale Van Wieren, John Seelow and Len Chylack at the American Breweriana Association in Platteville for their help while I was collecting the data on brewery adaptation. Thank you very much to Carlos Carias, Ryan Schwartz and Qing Cao for their research assistance. This project is supported by the Center of Economic History at UCLA, the All-UC Group in Economic History, the Economic History Association, the Institute for Humane Studies and Banco de la República. E-mail: cehernandez@ucla.edu
X-Road

Orientation and Mobility (O8M) classes teach people with visual impairments how to navigate the world; for instance, how to cross a road. Yet, this training can be difficult and dangerous due to conditions such as traffic and weather. Virtual Reality (VR) can overcome these challenges by providing interactive controlled environments. However, most existing VR tools rely on visual feedback, which limits their use with students with visual impairment. In a collaborative design approach with O8M instructors, we designed an affordable and accessible VR system for O8M classes, called X-Road. Using a smartphone and a Bespoke headmount, X-Road provides both visual and audio feedback and allows users to move in space as in the real world. In a study with 13 students with visual impairments, X-Road proved to be an effective alternative to teaching and learning classical O8M tasks, and both students and instructors were enthusiastic about this technology. We conclude with design recommendations for inclusive VR systems.
NITRITE AND NITRATE LEVELS IN SAUSAGES Concentrações de nitrito e nitrato em salsichas Concentraciones de nitrito y nitrato en salchichas

Objective: To determine nitrite and nitrate levels, hydrogen potential (pH), and water activity (aw) in sausages marketed in Southern Brazil, and compare the levels among different brands. Methods: Quantitative experimental cross-sectional study conducted with 72 sausage samples collected in two municipalities in the Região do Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul,,between June and August 2015. Three samples from different batches of each eight distinct sausage brands which were supervised by the Federal Inspection Service were analyzed in triplicate according to their nitrite and nitrate levels, pH and water activity. Data underwent ANOVA and Chi-squared tests with p<0.05. Results: Samples met the recommended standards for pH and water activity (6.33 ± 0.32 and 0.91 ± 0.01, respectively), while 40.3% (29) and 50.0% (36) of the samples presented nitrite and nitrate levels, respectively, significantly above what is recommended by the legislation (p<0.05). The mean nitrite levels of the remaining samples were significantly lower (p=0.001), and mean nitrate levels were significantly higher (p=0.009) than the value established by legislation. Conclusion: The samples met the recommended levels of pH and water activity. Of eight brands assessed, three presented satisfactory levels of nitrate and nitrite. The mean levels of nitrite and water activity were significantly lower and the mean levels of nitrate and pH were significantly higher than the recommendations. Additionally, mean nitrate and nitrite levels of five brands were significantly higher than what is recommended by the legislation. Descriptors: Sodium Nitrite; Food Preservatives; Legislation, Food.
Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes internados em um Centro de Terapia Intensiva

Esta pesquisa foi realizada para caracterizar o perfil epidemiologico dos pacientes internados no CTI adulto, no periodo entre janeiro de 2016 e janeiro de 2017. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo documental, retrospectivo, de carater exploratorio, com abordagem quantitativa. Dos 975 prontuarios de pacientes admitidos foi verificado que a maioria foi do sexo masculino no UTI Clinica 53,7% e UTI Cirurgica 59,1%, sendo que a idade geral da amostra pesquisada se manteve acima dos 60 anos e a comorbidade mais frequente foi Hipertensao Arterial Sistemica, a procedencia dos pacientes foi do Bloco Cirurgico com 32,2%, como causa de internacao ocorreu uma divergencia entra as UTI’s, sendo que na Clinica 30,6% dos pacientes internaram por septicemia, na Cirurgica com 31,2% com Infarto Agudo do Miocardio. Este estudo propiciou um conhecimento do perfil epidemiologico do CTI adulto para oportunizar melhores condutas, implantacao de protocolos e revisao do processo de trabalho para a instituicao estudada.
Green Banking in India: An Overview

The concern for environment sustainability by the bank has given rise to concept of Green Banking. The concept of “Green Banking” will be mutually beneficial to the banks, industries and the economy. Green financing is the part of green banking. Green banking means promoting environmental friendly practices and reducing your carbon footprints from your banking activities. Green banking aims at improving the operations and technology along with making the clients habits environment friendly in the banking business. It is like normal banking along with the consideration for social as well as environmental factors for protecting the environment. It is the way of conducting the banking business along with considering the social and environmental impacts of its activities. Nowadays, as people of the country are precipitously using the earth‟s natural resources, it has given rise to the concept of Green Banking.
A Study On Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Among Sportsperson On Injury Prevention Strategies

Injuries are the inherent risk of sports participation (Sinha, 2010). With this increasing participation in sports, number of injuries has also been increased. Some sporting activities may cause serious injuries, which may lead to permanent disability. There are certain factors that add to the occurrence of injury. These are classified as extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors (Bahr and Holme, 2003; Bahr and Krosshaug, 2005; Murphy et al, 2003). Risk factors can also be classified into non modifiable and modifiable risk factors. (Cameron, 2010; Theisen et al, 2014). Injury countermeasures can be classified as primary (actions taken before occurrence of injury), secondary (actions taken after occurrence of injury) and tertiary (actions taken to minimize the consequences of injury) (Sherker and Cassell, 2002). Some important factors that assist in prevention of injury are warming up, stretching, cool down. Physical fitness, taping and bracing, complete treatment and rehabilitation of previous injury, protective equipments, balanced training, adequate recovery and reconditioning (Brunker and Khan, 2007). KAP survey is one of the most popular and widely used study design to get an insight into what people know about certain things, how do they feel and also how do they behave. Abstract: Introduction: The incidence of sports injuries can be reduced by incorporating the principle of injury prevention at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. KAP survey is one of the widely used study design to get an insight into what people know about certain things, how do they feel and also how do they behave. However KAP study on the topic of sports injury prevention is not widely reported. Objective: This paper aims to study the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices among sportspersons on injury prevention strategies. Method: A sample of 240 players (120 males and 120 females) aged between 13 – 30 years was surveyed in Punjabi university, Patiala (Punjab), National Institute of Sports (Punjab) and Haryana school of sports, Jind (Haryana) by using a self administered questionnaire. Result: More than 70% of players displayed good knowledge and positive attitude for most of the variables but there was deficit in practice of these variables. For some variables such as recovery and reconditioning there was poor knowledge, negative attitude and poor practice. No significant association was found with gender, injury occurrence in present and previous season, level of play and nature of game. Conclusion: The findings indicate that as far as knowledge, attitude and practice of scientific training and prevention of injuries are concerned there is not much difference across the training centers. There is an urgent need to increase the awareness of players about the recovery methods and reconditioning after injury. At the same time facility should be improved at the grass root level so that players can incorporate injury prevention strategies in their daily training schedules.
Female Sexual Function in DMPA and Cyclofem

Objective: To compare sexual function of women using Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) and Cyclofem with Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Method: This descriptive-comparative study was conducted on 120 women in Medan on November 2017 until January 2018. They were selected by consecutive sampling and data was collected using FSFI questionnaire. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney test. The p-value less than 0.05 were applied for all statistical tests as significance level. Result: Majority of participants in this study were 30-39 years and multiparous. The majority of subjects in both groups were normal in body mass index. Most subjects of DMPA and cyclofem did not experience sexual dysfunction, with DMPA and cyclofem users who did not experience sexual dysfunction was 62.5% and 77.5%, respectively. There were differences in sexual function based on FSFI in desire domain (p = 0.024) with mean of cyclofem score lower than DMPA, lubrication (p <0.000) and pain (p <0.000) with mean of DMPA score lower than cyclofem. Whereas in arousal, orgasm and satisfaction domain were shown no significant differences. There was a significant difference between the sexual function of the DMPA compared to cyclofem with p=0.038. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the sexual function of the DMPA compared to cyclofem and cyclofem group shown better sexual function.
Assessment of Serum Low Density Lipoprotein Concentration by Friedewald Formula and By Direct Measurment by Spectrophotometric Kits

Background and objective: The serum Low density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration can be estimated by Freidewald formula and also by the direct assay methods by a spectrophotometer. The National Cholesterol Education program recommends the direct assay for estimating serum LDL-C concentration, but it has not been evaluated whether there is any difference between Freidwald formula & LDL-C direct assay methods in assessing Patients for CVD ( cardio vascular Disease). Methods: This study included the samples of 28,346 patients whose serum triglyceride level was less than 400 mg%. The study was carried in the month of January to May 2018. Fasting samples and non fasting samples were collected for measurement of lipid profile and commercial kits adapted to autoanalyser were used for the direct assay and Friedewald formula was used to calculate the value. Results: Serum LDL-C levels estimated by the direct method and Friedewald formula had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.968, p<0.001). The non fasting LDL-C level was higher than fasting sample. The LDL-C of fasting samples were in the same risk category in both the methods of estimation. Conclusion: The correlation of serum LDL-C level by both methods was significant. The risk assessment for CVD by the serum LDL-C level by both methods was similar, but the higher LDL-C level of non fasting samples may over calculate the risk.