Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defining the prosodic word with segmental processes in Dagbani

Few studies have explored the relevance of metrical structures in segmental processes. This paper shows that Dagbani (Gur, Ghana), has a prosodic word dominating a trochaic foot which licenses segmental processes and phonotactics. The foot is the domain for marked vowels and unmarked consonants. The prosodic word regulates the sequencing of syllables of different degrees of sonority and weight within a word. The Optimality Theoretic analyses make use of classical metrical theory and prosodic principles used in defining the prosodic word in stress languages to highlight the typological relevance of these principles and the prosodic universality of these metrical structures.
A Comparison between On-Site Measured and Estimated Based Adjustment Factor Values Used to Calculate Heat Losses to Unconditioned Spaces in Dwellings

Steady-state methods have been widely used in Europe to analyse the energy performance of low-energy buildings. The accuracy of such methods depends on the assumptions regarding the compensation of non-stationary effects but also on the input design data, such as the temperature of unconditioned spaces (UnSp). This temperature depends mainly on the thermal characteristics of UnSp envelope, air ventilation rate, temperature of the conditioned spaces, and the external environment. External environment varies over time, daily and seasonally, making it difficult to accurately estimate UnSp temperature. European Union (EU) directives stated that the UnSp temperature can be evaluated by the adjustment factor (b) set by EN ISO 13789. However, each Member State may adjust procedures, by proposing simplified approaches, either for new or existing buildings. In this paper the b-values measured on-site in three dwellings were compared to those calculated by EN ISO 13789, as well as those estimated based on simplified procedures, allowed in the regulatory framework of some EU Member States, namely Ireland, Portugal, Spain, France, and Italy. The study allowed to conclude that EN ISO 13789 and Irish BR 443 provided similar values. However, if the purpose is to simplify procedures and reduce computation effort, French RE2020 proved to be very effective. The thermal characteristics of the UnSp envelope and air ventilation rate were identified as the parameters that most affect the estimation of the b-value, while thermal losses through linear thermal bridges and the ground do not seem to have a significant impact.
Calibrating the Final Results of the Hay System of Job Evaluation Using Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) Analysis in Indonesia

Introduction/ Main Objectives: The research argues that the job evaluation process may not reflect a sense of justice, that is, in most cases, the decisions of the board of directors (BOD) appear to be biased. Background Problems: Lack of transparency and unfairness in job evaluations may create disharmony in the workplace. Novelty: The researchers used the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) analysis to find the root cause of employees’ dissatisfaction because of unfairness in the final job size, which may impact the wages. The researchers were also required to be familiar and have experience with the Hay System. Research Methods: To adjust the job size and to promote fairness, the Hay System needs to be strengthened with the USG analysis. This study uses a qualitative approach and requires a more in-depth analysis to obtain the best results. Findings/ Results: The job evaluation only refers to the Hay System. The job analysis, benchmark, and survey are not used as a reference or to interview the managers. If the Hay system is solely used, the final result of the job evaluation can be biased;. therefore, it is necessary to get a second opinion to create a sense of fairness. One of the tools to calibrate the final result of job evaluation is the USG analysis. Conclusion: USG analysis is to provide a second opinion and can also strengthen the job size analysis with the job reference level.
Reducing the Need for Cutting Fluids in Drilling by Means of Modulation Assisted Drilling

The superposition of controlled modulation during drilling is known to result in consistent chip breakage under a wide variety of operating conditions in materials such as aluminum and steel. Modulation is shown to be equally effective to cutting fluids in reducing mean force levels and may provide reduced mean force levels even under operating conditions where cutting fluids are ineffective. The replacement of cutting fluid with modulation has no significant deteriorating effect on surface finish. These observations suggest that the use of superimposed low-frequency modulation could reduce the need for cutting fluids in drilling.
The correction coefficients for the building air-conditioning load accounting for the whole building hygrothermal transfer process for major cities in China

At present, the calculation software and design specifications related to building cooling and heating load are based mainly on heat transfer theory. The effect of building moisture transfer process on the air-conditioning load is rarely researched. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of the whole building hygrothermal transfer (WBHT) process on the indoor air temperature and relative humidity, wall inner surface temperature and moisture flux, sensible heat load, latent heat load and total air-conditioning load in different climates. A WBHT model was developed and validated by the analytic solution and experimental data. Three humidity regions in China were classified for summer and winter according to the different outdoor air relative humidity levels. The correction coefficients of air-conditioning load of major cities were obtained accounting for the WBHT process. Our results would provide a future reference for accurately calculating heating and cooling load of buildings in different climate regions.
How to Calculate Crystallite Size from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) using Scherrer Method

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) has been developed to analyze a crystal structure in the material. XRD is then improved for determining and identifying the presence of a compound, crystallinity, and crystal properties. XRD works by observing the ray refraction pattern as a result of the beam being refracted by a material that has an atomic arrangement in its crystal lattice. Until now, there is less information regarding detailed information on how to read the XRD spectrum and peak. This study aims to demonstrate how to calculate and interpret the crystallite size based on the XRD spectra. The step-by-step method in the calculation based on the XRD data is presented, which can help especially students and first-time users in understanding XRD results. This study is prospective to be used as standard information on how to read and interpret XRD spectra.
Behavioral Activation System and Early Life Parental Abuse Are Associated with Antisocial Behaviors in Mexican Adolescents

Antisocial behavior (AB) is a complex phenomenon, predicted by a wide range of biological, environmental, and personality factors. These have high human and economic costs especially in adolescents, highlighting the importance of investigating factors that may be associated with these behaviors. Among the most potent predictors of AB are early life experiences and personality. To this end, the present study sought to investigate the association between early life parental abuse and behavioral activation system (BAS) personality traits assessed within the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) framework and antisocial behaviors in Mexican adolescents. Our sample consisted of 342 adolescents (Mage = 17, SD = 2.47) from northwestern Mexico. Participants, after parental consent and participant consent/assent (if minors), self-reported early life parental abuse, current BAS personality traits, and antisocial behaviors. Through structural equation models, our results suggest there is a positive association between early life parental abuse and antisocial behaviors, as well as a negative association with BAS personality traits (R2 = 37%). These results contribute to the current literature by suggesting that personality and environmental variables can predict adolescent antisocial behaviors. Future studies should explore the interplay between these variables longitudinally and investigate both risk and protective factors, as well as negative and positive outcomes.
Sustainability in the Circular Economy: Insights and Dynamics of Designing Circular Business Models

The integration of sustainability in the circular economy is an emerging paradigm that can offer a long term vision to achieve environmental and social sustainability targets in line with the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. Developing scalable and sustainable impacts in circular economy business models (CEBMs) has many challenges. While many advanced technology manufacturing firms start as small enterprises, remarkably little is known about how material reuse firms in sociotechnical systems transition towards circular business models. Research into CEBMs integrating sustainability and environmental conservation is still in its early stages. There has been increased interest in sustainability and circular economy research, but current research is fragmented. The innovation surrounding CEBMs eludes some firms with relatively limited evidence of the transitional perspective necessary to integrate aspects of sustainability. This lack of evidence is especially applicable to the context of circular economy practices in small and medium enterprises in the United States regarding capabilities, operations obstacles, and elements of success in designing circular business models. Based on a qualitative, interview-based inductive study of a material reuse firm, our research develops a conceptual model of the critical success factors and obstacles that are part of implementing circular economy practices. Firms must first manage strategic enablers and monitor tactical enablers to achieve sustainability goals. In this study, we identify the underlying enablers of how these capabilities affect the transition to a CEBM that integrates sustainability. The framework emerging from our findings highlights the interplay of CEBM, innovation success factors, and obstacles at a micro-level. The investigation of a material reuse firm serves as the foundation for developing a framework for how managers can alter a company and revise the business model to transition towards a more innovative circular economy.
Chemical Induced Pre-Clinical Models of Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer continues to be a significant cause of mortality across the world. Currently, it is the 3rd leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and it is often diagnosed late when there are few treatment options. The 5year survival rate remains dismal at approximately 10% (72). Patients frequently endure severe abdominal pain, jaundice, ascites, and cachexia. A subset of these patients will also develop diabetes mellitus. Acinar cells are the prevalent cell type of the pancreas, and a large portion of human pancreatic carcinomas are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Acinar cells are able to dedifferentiate through a process known as acino-ductal metaplasia, and some believe that the resulting duct like structures result in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
The influence of intelligence and sex on interpersonal skills and executive functions in children

ABSTRACT Interpersonal Skills (ISs) and Executive Functions (EFs) are two groups of skills which are extremely relevant for children’s cognitive, social and psychological development. As well as being interrelated, both can be modulated by other variables such as intelligence or sex. Many studies have tried to establish the relationship between them, but no definitive conclusions have been made to date. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the relationship between intelligence and sex in children with measures of ISs and EFs. The participants were 121 children between the ages of 7 and 13, divided into two groups: 76 children (52 boys and 24 girls) with average intelligence quotient (IQ) and 45 children (28 boys and 17 girls) with high IQ. All the participants were assessed using ISs, EFs and intelligence measures. The results showed children with high IQ were better at ISs and EFs. Regarding sex, boys of the High IQ group showed better skills than girls in working memory, inhibition and cause attribution in interpersonal conflicts. Finally, the implications for assessing and supporting the gifted population are discussed.
STUDY ON WALKING PROPERTIES OF ELDERLY PEOPLE AND ALLOWABLE HEIGHT OF FAULT AT JOINTS OF BLOCK PAVEMENTS

本研究は, 高齢者が歩道においてつまずきによる自損事故を起こさないブロック系舗装の目地部段差を検討したものである. 本研究では, 高齢者の歩行特性を把握するための評価実験および目地部段差の測定を行い, これらの結果を基にして, 高齢者が安全に歩くことのできる目地部許容段差を提案した. すなわち, つま先の歩行軌跡は4次曲線であるが, 解析の都合上これを3次曲線で近似し, 高齢者の都心地区における1回の歩行距離約250mの範囲で, つまずきを起こさないためのブロック系舗装の目地部段差の標準偏差は, 2. 4mm以下とすることが望ましいことを提案した.
Occlusive Properties of Transrenal Ureteral Occlusion Self-Expandable Metallic Stents: 3D-Printed Phantom and Ex Vivo Studies

Newly developed transrenal ureteral occlusion self-expanding metallic stents (SEMSs) are applied in patients with inoperable fistulas. In this study, the occlusive properties of M- and D-type occlusion SEMSs were investigated in 3D-printed phantom and ex vivo porcine urinary tracts. In the former, the mean bursting pressure causing leakage of contrast medium through the occlusion SEMS was relatively higher in M-types (42.8 ± 3.8 mmHg) than in D-types (38.8 ± 3.8 mmHg), without a statistical difference (p = 0.075). In the latter, the bursting pressure causing leakage through the M-type occlusion SEMS (110.7 ± 8.6 mmHg) was significantly higher than that of the D-type occlusion SEMS (93.8 ± 11.2 mmHg, p = 0.015); however, the mean bursting pressures causing contrast blowout did not differ between the two types (178.7 ± 11.2 mmHg vs. 176.2 ± 11.8 mmHg, p = 0.715). In conclusion, M- and D-type occlusion SEMSs showed similar efficacy in occlusive properties in the 3D phantom study; however, the M-type was superior in the ex vivo porcine urinary tract model. Further in vivo experimental studies are required to confirm these experimental results.
Simple, very low dark current, planar long-wavelength avalanche photodiode

We have demonstrated a novel planar, avalanche photodiode (APD) for use in long‐wavelength (0.95–1.65 μm) optical communication systems. The device is a separate absorption and multiplication region APD utilizing p+ guard rings which are concentric with, but not attached to the central diffused p+‐n junction region. Since no contact is made to the rings, their potential is allowed to ‘‘float’’ at a value somewhat less than that established by the externally applied voltage. The APD, which is fabricated in a manner identical to simple p‐i‐n photodiodes, eliminates edge breakdown effects while greatly reducing the electric field at the insulator/semiconductor interface. A 60‐μm‐diam junction device grown by vapor phase epitaxy is observed to have a primary dark current of <300 pA, and a capacitance of 290 fF at 90% of the breakdown voltage. Uniform gains as high as 11 have been observed.
EEG-Based Emotion Recognition With Haptic Vibration by a Feature Fusion Method

Emotion recognition based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has been one of the most active research topics of affective computing. In previous studies of emotion recognition, the selection of stimulus sources was usually focused on single stimuli, such as visual or auditory. In this work, we propose a novel emotional stimulation scheme that synchronizes haptic vibration with audiovisual content to form a mixed sense of visual–auditory–haptic to trigger emotions. Fifteen subjects were recruited to watch the four kinds of emotional movie clips (happiness, fear, sadness, and neutral) with haptic or not, and their EEG signals were collected simultaneously. The power spectral density (PSD) feature, differential entropy (DE) feature, wavelet entropy (WE) feature, and brain function network (BFN) feature were extracted and fused to reflect the time–frequency–spatial domain of emotional EEG signals. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) was utilized for dimensionality reduction and feature selection. In addition, the fusion features are classified by the stacking ensemble learning framework. The experimental results show that the proposed haptic vibration strategy can enhance the activity of emotion-related brain regions, and the average classification accuracy was 85.46%.
QCA Defect and Fault Analysis of Diverse Nanostructure for Implementing Logic Gate

Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) is being emerging Nanotechnology. It is established as promising area of research in low power Nano computing design era, but QCA is suffering due to high error rate at manufacturing. In This paper we analyzed the defect that are probable to occurs during both Chemical synthesis phase and deposition phase on diverse manostructure for implementing Majority Voter (MV), Nand-Nor-Inverter (NNI). We analyzed the extra or additional cell deposition as well as missing cell deposition QCA defect and also analyzed the fault Impact over the functionality of above device or Gate. We proposed a Fault Tolerant MV (FTMV), NNI (FTNNI) which are found to be less Fault Impact due to erroneous deposition. This shall be a promising, innovative and comprehensive study on QCA defect.
Germination ecology of cerejeira (Amburana acreana (Ducke) A. C. Sm.) seed as a function of temperature and photoperiod

The expansion of agricultural areas over the Amazon biome and illegal logging has caused a reduction in forest areas and the risk of extinction of several native species. Thus, cultivation in agroforestry or monoculture systems is essential for the economic and environmental sustainability of the sector. For this, it is necessary to understand the physiological parameters of seeds and establish protocols that help growers and nurseries during the seedling production phase. The objective of this work was to develop methods to evaluate the germination of Amburana acreana seeds at different temperatures and photoperiods. The seeds were submitted to germination tests, germination speed and average germination time at constant temperatures of 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C and two photoperiods, 12 and 24 hours of light. The temperature of 40°C inhibited germination. The germination process of A. acreana seeds is favored with a temperature of 30 °C under 24 h of light, promoting up to 100% germination.
Growth, Phycobiliproteins, Chlorophyll and Carotenoids Content of the Marine Cyanobacteria Phormidium sp. And Cyanothece sp. As Affected by White and Colored Artificial Light in Batch Cultures

Cyanobacteria are extensively studied and cultured because they can produce many value-added substances among which are pigments, mainly the phycobiliproteins phycocyanin (PC), phycoerythrin (PE), allophycocyanin (APC) and chlorophyll-a and carotenoids as well. As numerous cyanobacterial species await optimization for maximizing pigment production, we examined here two local marine species, Phormidium sp. and Cyanothece sp. batch cultured under 18-19.5 oC, at 40 ppt salinity with Walne’s nutrient medium, using white LED light of low (2000 lux) and high (8000 lux) intensity and additionally blue, green and red LED light. Significant differences were found among the intensities and colors of light used. Maximum growth was induced by high white light in both species (2.15 g dw/L in Phormidium and 1.47 g/L in Cyanothece). Next to them was green light (1.25 g/L) in Cyanothece and low white and green (1.26 – 1.33 g/L) in Phormidium. Green light maximized phycocyanin content in Phormidium (0.45 mg/mL), while phycoerythrin was maximized (0.17 mg/mL) by blue light and allophycocyanin by all colors (~0.80 mg/mL). All colors maximized phycocyanin in Cyanothece (~0.32 mg/mL) while phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin were maximized under green light (~0.138 and 0.38 mg/mL respectively). In Phormidium maximization of chlorophyll-a (9.3 μg/mL) was induced by green light while total carotenoids and b-carotene (3.05 and 0.89 μg/mL respectively) by high white light. In Cyanothece both white light intensities along with green light maximized chlorophyll-a content (~9 μg/mL) while high white light and green maximized total carotenoids (2.6-3.0 μg/mL).
Centrifugal Model Tests for Settlement of High Embankment

By taking an airport in the southwest of China as an example, a group of centrifugal model tests are carried out to investigate the deformation characteristics of high embankment. The research results show that great settlement and fast compression are the main characteristics of high embankment for the soil used in the tests, above 90% of settlement occurs during the construction, and below 10% after the construction.
Impact of Cross-Flow and Membrane Plate Filtrations under Winery-Scale Conditions on Phenolic Composition, Chromatic Characteristics and Sensory Profile of Different Red Wines

Cross-flow microfiltration and membrane plate filtration are the main filtration processes used in wineries. However, the inherent compositional variability of red wines could affect the impact of these two filtration techniques on the final wine quality. Thus, this work aims to study, under winery-scale conditions, the impact of these two filtration processes on the turbidity level, phenolic composition, chromatic characteristics and sensory profile of red wine. For this purpose, three different Portuguese red wines with different initial phenolic contents were used. In this context, several methodologies were used to quantify the total phenolic composition, chromatic characteristics, individual anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins before and after filtration. The sensory profiles of the different red wines were also considered. The results indicated that each filtration process produced a substantial reduction in turbidity values and, consequently, an increase in wine clarification. In addition, the data obtained also indicated that both filtration techniques reduced the phenolic content of the different red wines that were studied. However, the impact of these two filtration options on wine characteristics (phenolic composition and sensory profile) was heterogenous, without a clear trend of differentiation between the wines depending on the type of filtration. Thus, this research points out evidence that the impact of the two filtration techniques that were studied is very dependent on the initial wine composition.
KINETICS CONSIDERATION OF ETHANOL LEAVES EXTRACT OF COSTUS LUCANUSIANUS AS GREEN CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR MILD STEEL AND ALUMINIUM IN HCL SOLUTION

The chemical composition of ethanol leaves extract of Costus lucanusianus (ELECL) was evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) for corrosion inhibition of mild steel and aluminium in 1 M HCl using weight loss technique. A total of 18 compounds were identified. 11-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (30.01%); 9-Octadecenoic acid, 12-hydroxy-, methyl ester, [R-(Z)]- (25.53%); 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (13.52 %); and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (13.14%) were the major counpounds. The weight loss analysis showed ELECL as an effective corrosion inhibitor at low temperatures for mild steel and aluminium. At 1 g/l concentration, the inhibitory action of the extracts attained an inhibition efficiency of 94 % and 79 % in 1 g/l at 313 K and 303 K for mild steel and aluminium respectively. The extracts inhibitor compounds covered the metal surfaces following Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The enthalpy change showed an endothermic process while the entropy chnage showed an orderly adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surfaces.