Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8

Background: Hypertension is a global public health crisis. Poorly controlled high blood pressure is one of the most important factors contributed to this crisis. Lack of medication adherence is often considered as the main reason for insufficient control of high blood pressure. Difficulty in measuring medication adherence is another problem in this field. To reduce this difficulty several medication adherence scales were developed. This study was performed to test reliability and Original Research Article Dehghan et al.; BJMMR, 9(9): 1-10, 2015; Article no.BJMMR. 17345 2 validity of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to validate the Persian version of MMAS-8. The Persian version of MMAS-8 was generated by using a modified forward/backward translation procedure. Two hundred and fifty hypertensive patients were participated in the study. Construct and known-groups validity, Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability were used to assess psychometric properties of Persian scale. Results: Data analysis showed that the scale did not have an acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha= 0.40) but had excellent stability ( = 0.89). The confirmatory factor analysis poorly fitted with one-dimensional model. Participants with controlled blood pressure had significantly higher MMAS-8 scores than uncontrolled blood pressure group. Conclusion: Totally some of the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the MMAS-8 did not meet the requirements of the standard level so it is not recommended to use in general. More studies are needed to establish a more appropriate scale in order to be used in the mentioned population.
Semantic Bottleneck Scene Generation

Coupling the high-fidelity generation capabilities of label-conditional image synthesis methods with the flexibility of unconditional generative models, we propose a semantic bottleneck GAN model for unconditional synthesis of complex scenes. We assume pixel-wise segmentation labels are available during training and use them to learn the scene structure. During inference, our model first synthesizes a realistic segmentation layout from scratch, then synthesizes a realistic scene conditioned on that layout. For the former, we use an unconditional progressive segmentation generation network that captures the distribution of realistic semantic scene layouts. For the latter, we use a conditional segmentation-to-image synthesis network that captures the distribution of photo-realistic images conditioned on the semantic layout. When trained end-to-end, the resulting model outperforms state-of-the-art generative models in unsupervised image synthesis on two challenging domains in terms of the Frechet Inception Distance and user-study evaluations. Moreover, we demonstrate the generated segmentation maps can be used as additional training data to strongly improve recent segmentation-to-image synthesis networks.
Dr. Bertlmann’s Socks in a Quaternionic World of Ambidextral Reality

Unlike our basic theories of space and time, quantum mechanics is not a locally causal theory. Moreover, it is widely believed that any hopes of restoring local causality within <italic>any</italic> realistic theory have been undermined by Bell’s theorem and the experimental investigations it has inspired. In this pedagogical paper, John S. Bell’s amusing example of Dr. Bertlmann’s socks to illustrate the results of these experiments is reconsidered, first within a toy model of a two-dimensional one-sided world of a non-orientable Möbius strip, and then within a real world of three-dimensional quaternionic sphere, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which results from an addition of a single point to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\mathbb {R}}^{3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at infinity. In the latter quaternionic world, which happens to be the spatial part of a solution of Einstein’s field equations of general relativity, the singlet correlations between a pair of entangled fermions can be understood as classically as those between Dr. Bertlmann’s colorful socks.
Shape Reconstruction by Learning Differentiable Surface Representations

Generative models that produce point clouds have emerged as a powerful tool to represent 3D surfaces, and the best current ones rely on learning an ensemble of parametric representations. Unfortunately, they offer no control over the deformations of the surface patches that form the ensemble and thus fail to prevent them from either overlapping or collapsing into single points or lines. As a consequence, computing shape properties such as surface normals and curvatures becomes difficult and unreliable. In this paper, we show that we can exploit the inherent differentiability of deep networks to leverage differential surface properties during training so as to prevent patch collapse and strongly reduce patch overlap. Furthermore, this lets us reliably compute quantities such as surface normals and curvatures. We will demonstrate on several tasks that this yields more accurate surface reconstructions than the state-of-the-art methods in terms of normals estimation and amount of collapsed and overlapped patches.
Cellular automata in operational probabilistic theories

The theory of cellular automata in operational probabilistic theories is developed. We start introducing the composition of infinitely many elementary systems, and then use this notion to define update rules for such infinite composite systems. The notion of causal influence is introduced, and its relation with the usual property of signalling is discussed. We then introduce homogeneity, namely the property of an update rule to evolve every system in the same way, and prove that systems evolving by a homogeneous rule always correspond to vertices of a Cayley graph. Next, we define the notion of locality for update rules. Cellular automata are then defined as homogeneous and local update rules. Finally, we prove a general version of the wrapping lemma, that connects CA on different Cayley graphs sharing some small-scale structure of neighbourhoods.
SuperGlue: Learning Feature Matching With Graph Neural Networks

This paper introduces SuperGlue, a neural network that matches two sets of local features by jointly finding correspondences and rejecting non-matchable points. Assignments are estimated by solving a differentiable optimal transport problem, whose costs are predicted by a graph neural network. We introduce a flexible context aggregation mechanism based on attention, enabling SuperGlue to reason about the underlying 3D scene and feature assignments jointly. Compared to traditional, hand-designed heuristics, our technique learns priors over geometric transformations and regularities of the 3D world through end-to-end training from image pairs. SuperGlue outperforms other learned approaches and achieves state-of-the-art results on the task of pose estimation in challenging real-world indoor and outdoor environments. The proposed method performs matching in real-time on a modern GPU and can be readily integrated into modern SfM or SLAM systems. The code and trained weights are publicly available at github.com/magicleap/SuperGluePretrainedNetwork.
Single Headed Attention RNN: Stop Thinking With Your Head

The leading approaches in language modeling are all obsessed with TV shows of my youth - namely Transformers and Sesame Street. Transformers this, Transformers that, and over here a bonfire worth of GPU-TPU-neuromorphic wafer scale silicon. We opt for the lazy path of old and proven techniques with a fancy crypto inspired acronym: the Single Headed Attention RNN (SHA-RNN). The author's lone goal is to show that the entire field might have evolved a different direction if we had instead been obsessed with a slightly different acronym and slightly different result. We take a previously strong language model based only on boring LSTMs and get it to within a stone's throw of a stone's throw of state-of-the-art byte level language model results on enwik8. This work has undergone no intensive hyperparameter optimization and lived entirely on a commodity desktop machine that made the author's small studio apartment far too warm in the midst of a San Franciscan summer. The final results are achievable in plus or minus 24 hours on a single GPU as the author is impatient. The attention mechanism is also readily extended to large contexts with minimal computation. Take that Sesame Street.
The dynamically young outflow of the Class 0 protostar Cha-MMS1

Context. On the basis of its low luminosity, its chemical composition, and the absence of a large-scale outflow, the dense core Cha-MMS1 located in the Chamaeleon I molecular cloud, was proposed a decade ago as a candidate for a first hydrostatic core (FHSC). Aims. Our goal is to test this hypothesis by searching for a slow, compact outflow driven by Cha-MMS1 that would match the predictions of magnetohydrodynamic simulations for this short phase of star formation. Methods. We used the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array to map Cha-MMS1 at high angular resolution in CO 3–2 and 13CO 3–2 as well as in continuum emission. Results. We report the detection of a bipolar outflow emanating from the central core, along a (projected) direction roughly parallel to the filament in which Cha-MMS1 is embedded and perpendicular to the large-scale magnetic field. The morphology of the outflow indicates that its axis lies close to the plane of the sky. We measure velocities corrected for inclination of more than 90 km s−1, which is clearly incompatible with the expected properties of an FHSC outflow. Several properties of the outflow are determined and compared to previous studies of Class 0 and Class I protostars. The outflow of Cha-MMS1 has a much smaller momentum force than the outflows of other Class 0 protostars. In addition, we find a dynamical age of 200–3000 yr indicating that Cha-MMS1 might be one of the youngest ever observed Class 0 protostars. While the existence of the outflow suggests the presence of a disk, no disk is detected in continuum emission and we derive an upper limit of 55 au to its radius. Conclusions. We conclude that Cha-MMS1 has already gone through the FHSC phase and is a young Class 0 protostar, but it has not yet brought its outflow to full power.
GBCNs: Genetic Binary Convolutional Networks for Enhancing the Performance of 1-bit DCNNs

Training 1-bit deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) is one of the most challenging problems in computer vision, because it is much easier to get trapped into local minima than conventional DCNNs. The reason lies in that the binarized kernels and activations of 1-bit DCNNs cause a significant accuracy loss and training inefficiency. To address this problem, we propose Genetic Binary Convolutional Networks (GBCNs) to optimize 1-bit DCNNs, by introducing a new balanced Genetic Algorithm (BGA) to improve the representational ability in an end-to-end framework. The BGA method is proposed to modify the binary process of GBCNs to alleviate the local minima problem, which can significantly improve the performance of 1-bit DCNNs. We develop a new BGA module that is generic and flexible, and can be easily incorporated into existing DCNNs, such asWideResNets and ResNets. Extensive experiments on the object classification tasks (CIFAR, ImageNet) validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. To highlight, our method shows strong generalization on the object recognition task, i.e., face recognition, facial and person re-identification.
Transepithelial Brush Biopsy - Oral CDx® - A Noninvasive Method for the Early Detection of Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions.

Introduction: The Oral CDx® brush biopsy (BB) method is a computer-assisted sample analysis that detects abnormal cells in all cell layers of the epithelium of the oral mucosa. Method: We took 263 oral BBs from 200 patients with potentially malignant disorders. Results: We received 204 negative results and 39 atypical, 7 positive and 13 inadequate results. SBs were taken in 56 cases. Therefore, the sensitivity for the detection of abnormal cells was 90% and the specificity was 44.1%. The positive predictive value accounted for 47.2% and the NPV accounted for 88.2%. Discussion and Conclusion: For the results of sensitivity and specificity of the Oral CDx® BB, there is still space for improvement but they are already high. Additional methods like DNA-image cytometry may enhance the results. But it is a simple and noninvasive method which does not need a special effort either from the patient or from the clinicians.
Acellular Collagen Matrix versus Autologous Breast Reconstruction: Patient Reported Outcome.

Background: Acellular collagenl matrix (ACM) is getting more popular and well established in recent years in breast reconstruction where it is used to achieve implant cover and produce a better outcome. There are different types of tissue matrix which are made from different materials such as porcine dermis (Stratticetm), foetal bovine dermis (Surgimendtm), etc. Another well-known method of breast reconstruction is using autologous tissue such as Lattisimus Dorsi flap or Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous flap. Aims We are looking into the outcome of breast reconstruction using ACM versus breast reconstruction with autologous tissue. The outcomes include patient satisfaction, postoperative psychosocial, sexual and physical well-being, complications after breast reconstruction, information given and evaluation from patients on surgeons and medical team’s care towards patients. Methods This study is carried out as a retrospective study on a single institution. Patients who have had breast reconstruction using ACM and autologous tissue were randomly identified from the electronic patient records from year 2009 to 2013. Questionnaires were posted to patients and data were analysed. Breast Q questionnaire was used for this study. Breast Qa is a validated and copyrighted questionnaire designed for researchers to assess a patient’s perspective before and after their breast reconstruction. The Breast Qa scoring system was used to analyse our data. Each cohort received 18 responses, therefore the total sample size is 36 patients. Results: On average, patients have scored more than 60 out of 100 on all the aspects except on sexual well-being where the mean score for patients who has had ACM was 49 and for the patients who had autologous reconstruction was 59. Patients with ACM scored slightly higher score as compared to patients with autologous reconstruction in terms of physical well-being, satisfaction with surgeons and overall care whereas patients with autologous reconstruction scored slightly higher scores as compared to patients with ACM in terms of satisfaction with breasts, outcomes, psychosocial wellbeing, social well-being and satisfaction with information. In the result analysis, we also looked into median for each categories and used Mann Whitney U test as our statistical analysis. The value for U statistic was 21. For 5% two-tailed level, critical value of U is 13. As calculated U> U critical, and the p value is 0.247996, we accept the null hypothesis that the two groups of data are not different. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in terms of outcomes in between the 2 groups of patients. Through this study, it is suggested that breast reconstructions using both ACM and autologous tissue are safe to be used and both are satisfactory to the patients.
Entropion: understanding the management

Horizontal stability of lower eyelid is provided by canthal tendons and vertical stability by lower lid retractors. Congenital or acquired (e.g., involutional) conditions result in weakness or instability in these structures and may lead to entropion. Hence re-establishing the stability can correct entropion and this can be done by various surgeries. The choice between trans-cutaneous approach and trans-conjunctival approach or between single procedure and combined procedure is primarily governed by the mechanism of entropion and surgeon’s choice. The whole discussion revolves around these key issues and within the scope of clinical practice.
Adverse Drug Reactions: Predisposing Factors, Modern Classifications and Causality Assessment

Several factors predispose patient to develop adverse drug reactions (ADRs), some of these factors are drug related, patient related, disease related, social and adverse drug related. The contributions of these factors to development of ADRs are very crucial and are well documented in medical literature. It has become necessary for every medical practitioner to consider these factors in order to prescribe the best medication to his patients. The current classification of ADRs is only based on drug known pharmacology and dose dependent of its action. In order to give comprehensive classification, the time course of its appearance and its severity as well as patient susceptibility are taken into consideration. Knowledge of causality assessment enables the medical practitioners to clarify the likelihood that the suspected adverse drug reaction is actually due to the medicine. This requires careful patient monitoring because adverse drug reaction can be difficult and a times impossible to distinguish from patient disease condition. The purpose of this article is to review the factors affecting the development of ADRs, its broader classification and to assess causal relationship between the suspected drug and appearance of ADRs.
Patient safety : evaluation of the impact of nursing hours per patient day staffing method in Western Australia

XI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 HEALTH REFORM AND ITS IMPACT ON NURSING 2 1.2 AUSTRALIAN HEALTH-CARE SYSTEM 7 1.3 THE AUSTRALIAN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SYSTEM 8 1.4 THE NURSING WORKFORCE 9 1.5 DETERMINING ADEQUATE NURSE STAFFING 12 1.6 DETERMINING ADEQUATE NURSE STAFFING IN AUSTRALIA 15 1.7. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 16 1.8 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 17 1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS 18 1.9. 1 Nursing hours 18 1.9. 2 Skill mix 18 1.9. 3 NHPPD ward category 18 1.9. 4 Nursing-sensitive outcomes (NSOs) 18 1.9. 5 Multi-day wards 21 1.9. 6 Multi-day patient separation 21 1.9. 7 Adult tertiary hospital 21 1.10 SUMMARY 21 1.11 ORGANISATION OF THE THESIS 22 CHAPTER 2: A REVIEW OF NURSING WORKLOAD AND STAFFING METHODS 23 2.1 NURSING WORKLOAD 23 2.2 AN OVERVIEW OF WORKLOAD MEASURES 24 2.3 MANDATED NURSE STAFFING 31 2.4. NURSING WORKLOAD ISSUES IN AUSTRALIA 34
serum AIumin inrQtintQncQntInuQuAmuIcflQry Peritoneal Dialysis-Predictors and Correlations With 1

Serum albumin (SA) is a powerful predictor of patient morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis, but data are limited for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). SA was monitored in 76 new CAPD patients over 222 6-month periods and mean SA was correlated with morbidity and mortality during those penods. The influence of initial SA on duration of technique survival was also investigated. To determine which factors best predict SA, correlations with patient demographics and with 6-month measurements of dialytic dose, protein intake, and peritoneal transport were sought. Mean SA overall was 34. 1 ± 3.3 g/ L, and mean initial SA was 33.4 ± 3.1 g/L. Mean SA was lower in diabetics and in those aged 65 or over. Mean SA tended to increase during the first year on CAPD, and this increase was maintained, except in patients aged 65 or over, where it tended to revert to initial values. SA correlated with hospital days (1= -0.20; P< 0.005), fatigue index (r= -0.20; P< 0.005), nerve conduction (P< 0.001), and a variety of laboratory values, and lower SA was associated with technique failure (P < 0.03) and death (P < 0.07). Initial, as well as ongoing, SA was predictive of technique failure (P< 0.05) and Cox proportional hazards regression showed that this predictive power was independent of age, sex, diabetes, and other factors (P = 0.05). The strongest predictors of low SA by
A RECORD BASED STUDY ON PAEDIATRIC TUBERCULOSIS IN AHMEDABAD CITY, INDIA

Backdround: Good data on the burden of all forms of TB amongst children in India are scarce. There is an urgent need to study the available data. Methodology: This record based study was conducted in Ahmedabad city situated in western region of India. Five treatment units out of total ten units were selected by random sampling method. Records of Paediatric TB patients registered between February 2007 and January2008 were studied. Results: Out of total 382 records studied 193 (50.5%) were girls and 189 (49.5%) were boys with mean age of 8.3 years. Forty six percent of cases were in category III. Fifty four percent cases were of ExtraPulmonary TB (EPTB). Total 123 patients who missed the doses, only one third were paid home visit. Eighty three percent of the children completed their treatment and 6% cases were declared as cured. Five children died during treatment. Conclusions: Analysis of records suggests high treatment completion rate amongst RNTCP paediatric TB patients in Ahmedabad city. It also suggests scope of improvement in home visits paid to patients who miss the doses during the treatment.
PREVALENCE OF MITES AND FLEAS AS PRIMARY TURKEY ECTOPARASITES IN ODEDA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of mites and fleas as primary ectoparasites of turkeys within Odeda Local Government Area (LGA) of Ogun state The survey was carried out in five selected localities within Odeda local government area. These areas include: Odeda village, Osiele, Alabata village, Obantoko and Eleweran. The study was carried out to establish if there was any relationship between certain management factors in turkey rearing and the prevalence of the ectoparasites. Structured interview guides were used to collect relevant data from 200 turkey owners while their birds were sampled to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites. Mites and fleas were collected, identified and enumerated. Ectoparasite species identification and enumeration were carried out in the Parasitology laboratory in the College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State. Data collected were subjected to Chi-square analysis to establish significant associations. Out of the 200 turkeys examined 94.0% were infested with one or more of the ectoparasites. There were significant associations (P 0.05). It was concluded that mites and fleas are ectoparasites of economic importance, and that certain of turkey management practices appear to be important risk factors as they positively influence their infestation in the study area. Also routine and strategic control measures should be factored into production to increase profit in the production, health and general welfare of the turkeys. Key word: Prevalence, Ectoparasites, Turkey.
Identification of the hedgehog pathway as a novel therapeutic target in malignant gliomas

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway regulates progenitor cell fate in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis of multiple organ systems. We have investigated the activity of this pathway in adult gliomas, and demonstrate that the Hh pathway is operational and activated within grades II (GII) and III (GIII), but not IV (GIV) gliomas. Furthermore, our studies reveal that pathway activity and responsiveness is confined to progenitor cells within these tumors. Additionally, we demonstrate that Hh signaling in glioma progenitor cells is ligand-dependent and provide evidence documenting the in vivo production of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) protein at the tumor margin. These findings suggest a regulatory role for the Hh pathway in progenitor cells within GII and GIII gliomas, and the potential clinical utility of monitoring and targeting this pathway in these primary brain tumors. Introduction Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and are divided into four clinical grades. World Health Organization (WHO) grades II–IV are intractable to current therapies and the 5-year survival rate is 33% (American Cancer Society, (2004)). Recently, progenitor or stem-like cells have been isolated from primary