Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A noniterative reconstruction method for solving a time-fractional inverse source problem from partial boundary measurements

In this paper, a noniterative method for solving an inverse source problem governed by the two-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equation is proposed. The basic idea consists in reconstructing the geometrical support of the unknown source from partial boundary measurements of the associated potential. A Kohn–Vogelius type shape functional is considered together with a regularization term penalizing the relative perimeter of the unknown set of anomalies. Identifiability result is derived and uniqueness of a minimizer is ensured. The shape functional measuring the misfit between the solutions of two auxiliary problems containing information about the boundary measurements is minimized with respect to a finite number of ball-shaped trial anomalies by using the topological derivative method. In particular, the second-order topological gradient is exploited to devise an efficient and fast noniterative reconstruction algorithm. Finally, some numerical experiments are presented, showing different features of the proposed approach in reconstructing multiple anomalies of varying shapes and sizes by taking noisy data into account.
Escala de Actitudes hacia Lesbianas y Hombres Homosexuales (ATLG) 2: Distribución y evidencias de validez

The aims of this paper were to describe the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gays scale (ATLG; Herek, 1984) distribution and to provide validity evidence. An incidental sample of 356 students was collected. The total score distribution was adjusted to a normal curve. Its correlation with the Homophobia scale (EHF; Moral & Martinez-Sulvaran, 2010) was . 76. It showed the difference between men and women, between persons that are defined heterosexual and those that are defined non-heterosexual, and within the heterosexual persons between those that have homosexual friends or relatives and those that not; what provides validity proofs. We recommended its use in Mexico.
Political ideology moderates White Americans’ reactions to racial demographic change

An emerging body of research finds that exposure to the shifting racial demographics of a nation can engender concerns about racial group status among members of the dominant racial group. The present work revisits this finding, probing a broader set of group status concerns than has been examined in most past research. Three experiments exposed four samples of White Americans to racial demographic information or race-neutral control information, then assessed their perception that the relative status of racial groups in the nation would change and the extent to which they were alarmed by such a status shift—that is, status threat. Consistent with past work, what we now term perceived status change increased in response to salient racial demographics information, relative to race-neutral control information, irrespective of participants’ political ideology. Departing from past work, however, the perceived threat associated with changing racial demographics was moderated by political ideology. Specifically, politically conservative White participants demonstrated high levels of group status threat in the neutral control condition that either increased (Study 1a, Study 2) or stayed equally high (Study 1b, Study 3) after exposure to information about a racial shift. In contrast, in all studies, politically liberal White participants demonstrated a modest level of group status threat in the control condition that was attenuated upon exposure to a racial shift. Taken together, these results suggest a polarization of responses to the increasing racial diversity of the nation, one that was not observed even just a few years ago.
The piezoelectrically forced vibrations of AT-cut quartz strip resonators

The one-dimensional vibration equations of crystal strips of AT-cut quartz with narrow width and finite length are given by Lee and Wang (J. Appl. Phys., 75(12):7681, 1994). The mechanical vibrations of such strips have been studied by neglecting the coupling due to piezoelectric effect. In the present study, the one-dimensional equations are further expanded to include the piezoelectric effect sets of coupled equations. By neglecting the components of high-order displacements and electric potentials, particular attention is given to the thickness-shear vibrations of the strips. Analytical solutions of the free vibrations, including components of thickness-shear, flexural, width-shear, width-stretch, width-flexural, and the zeroth- and first-order electric potential, are obtained. The dispersion relations, frequency spectra, and mode shapes of the free vibrations are given as functions of the ratios of length to thickness and width to thickness. The forced vibrations are studied with these solutions, and forced response and capacitance ratios are obtained. Comparisons are made with known experimental results, A quartz strip resonator is studied with this seven modes model. The effect of the length of the electrodes, the width of the crystal, and the forcing frequency on the resonance frequency, vibration mode shapes, and capacitance ratios are obtained.
Correlation Between JNCAP Pedestrian Head Protection Performance Tests and Real-WorldAccidents

The pedestrian head protection performance test was introduced to the Japan New Car Assessment Program (JNCAP) in 2003. Fifty-four car models were tested in 2005. The tests rated total pedestrian head protection performance of cars into levels 1 through 5. Also, the Japanese government began regulating pedestrian head protection for passenger cars in 2005. It is expected that cars are becoming less aggressive in pedestrian accidents. In such situations, the authors are interested in the effectiveness of the pedestrian head protection tests introduced in JNCAP. The authors will use Japanese national accident data between 2001 and 2005. The pedestrian fatality/severe-injury rate (the number of pedestrians killed or severely injured divided by the total number of pedestrians involved in the accidents) is an index of crash safety for pedestrians. The logistic regression method is applied to adjust for confounding factors (gender of pedestrian, age of pedestrian, guilt of pedestrian, day or night accident and travel speed of the car). As a result of the study, the authors saw a correlation between the fatality/severe-injury rate and pedestrian head protection performance levels (1 to 4) in test results, suggesting that passenger cars with better test results protect pedestrians from severe injury in real-world accidents. Also, the authors observed that fatality/severe-injury rate of car models without pedestrian protection design are higher than that of car models with pedestrian head protection design, suggesting that passenger cars with pedestrian protection design are safer than those without pedestrian protection design in case of pedestrian accidents.
Evaluation of Chemical Seed Treatment to Reduce Injury Caused by Preemergent Herbicides on Direct-seeded Turnips and Collard Greens

Poor competitive ability and limited herbicide options make weed management of Brassica crops difficult. Growers often adopt the use of transplants, which is less efficient in terms of time, material, and labor when compared with direct seeding, resulting in higher prices per unit. Seed treatment with protective compounds could decrease crop injury from preemergent (PRE) herbicides making it profitable to direct-seed Brassica plants for production. Research was conducted to evaluate the ability of three candidate safeners [24-epibrassinolide, melatonin, and ascorbic acid (AsA)] to reduce injury caused by four herbicides (S-metolachlor, pyroxasulfone, halosulfuron, and mesotrione) applied PRE on the collard green cultivar Top Bunch and turnip cultivar Purple Top White Globe. Two independent greenhouse trials were conducted at the Clemson University Coastal Research and Education Center in Charleston, SC. Visual injury of the treated plants was evaluated weekly and dry mass was collected 21 days after treatment. Seed treatment did not reduce injury efficiently caused by pyroxasulfone, halosulfuron, and mesotrione; all doses were lethal for both crops. However, collard seeds treated using melatonin and AsA had 66% and 54% less injury caused by S-metolachlor at 514 g⋅ha–1 a.i., respectively. On turnips, melatonin was the only treatment that reduced the S-metolachlor damage on seedlings, with 43% less injury than untreated seedlings. Plant injury and plant weight correlated significantly for both Brassica crops. The reduction in injury caused by S-metolachlor when seeds were treated with melatonin and AsA validated those compounds’ protective ability. Seed treatment with melatonin could be combined with PRE applications of S-metolachlor to overcome the low weed competitive ability of these species early in the season.
What are the requirements for design thinking articles?

: This paper investigated how design thinking is researched in management studies. A review of articles published in major business management journals found commonalities in that (a) while design thinking consists of several studies and includes various elements, (b) the most recent empirical research has in common that based on Brown (2009) and Martin (2009), along with practices and tools, the themes of user centeredness and experimentation are discussed.
KINEMATICS OF UPPER LIMB AND TRUNK IN TENNIS PLAYERS USING SINGLE HANDED BACKHAND STROKES

INTRODUCTION: Tennis injuries caused by improper drives or overuse of the upper limb are very common in tennis. They may be prevented by using correct movement patterns. The purpose of this study was to analyze the threedimensional kinematics of the upper limb and trunk associated with performances of the single-handed backhand tennis stroke. METHODS: Six male national representatives performed tennis single-handed backhand drives in the laboratory. Sixteen reflective markers were placed on the subjects to represent the movements of the upper limb and trunk. They included one each on processus xiphoideus, incisura jugularis, 7th cervical vertebra, acromion, medialis and lateralis epicondylus, ulnar and radial styloid process, 2nd and 4th metacarpal heads, two anterior superior illiac spine and posterior superior illiac spine, and a triad markers on the upper limb. The markers’ positions were collected with the ExpertVision motion analysis system (Motion Analysis Corp., Santa Rosa, CA, USA) in order to estimate the joint movements of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints and the trunk. Ten trials were sampled for each subject. Eulerian angles were used to represent joint kinematics. RESULTS: The joint movements of the upper limbs were consistent while performing the tennis single-handed backhand stroke. The angular velocities of the clockwise rotation of the trunk and ulnar deviation of the wrist reached the maximum values at the middle acceleration phase and then decreased. In addition, the angular velocities of the shoulder external rotation, elbow flexion and wrist extension reached maximum values in the instant subsequent to impact. The results showed that the major movements of the shoulder joint were abduction/adduction (73.6±11.5°), flexion/extension (45.7±20.2°), and internal/external rotation (46.3±13.7°). The major movements of the elbow joint were pronation/supination (71.2±20.8°), and flexion/extension (35.3±14.4°). The results provide basic guidelines for tennis training and tennis evaluation. It is also helpful for the physician and therapist to assist in the diagnosis of sports injuries and to plan clinical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In the acceleration phase, the trunk moves with the racket to increase angular momentum for the preparation of the impact. During this period, the movement of the shoulder is small. When the maximum angular velocities of the shoulder external rotation, elbow flexion and wrist extension occur in the instant prior to impact, they then immediately decrease. In this way, the hyperextension of the wrist joint, the cause of tennis elbow, may be prevented. The stability of the elbow joint and forearm is maintained by the contraction of the biceps and triceps.
Evaluation of the Analgesic Efficacy of Bilateral Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Thoracic Muscle Plane Block on Post-Sternotomy Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose Transverse thoracic block is a new perioperative analgesic method for post-sternotomy discomfort. This study discusses the efficacy of an ultrasound-guided transversus thoracic muscle plane block (TTPB) in patients undergoing heart surgery, including sternotomy. Patients and Methods In this prospective trial, 60 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: transversus (T) or general anesthesia (GA). Patients in the T group received TTPB with GA and 15 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine was administered on either side. Patients in the GA group received TTPB along with GA, but 15 mL saline was injected on either side instead. The patients were followed up postoperatively. The percentage of patients receiving additional opioids, extubation time, intensive care unit (ICU) length, postoperative morphine dose, and adverse events were documented. Results The percentage of patients requiring additional morphine was significantly lower in the T group (p<0.015). Pain scores were comparable between the groups at extubation time and 18 h postoperatively. At 8, 12, and 24 h after surgery, pain scores in the T group were significantly lower (P<0.001). The total amount of morphine required after surgery was much lower in the T group (8±0.74 mg), and the duration to initial analgesic necessity was significantly greater in the GA group (P<0.001). Patients in the GA group had a considerably longer ventilation time (11.07±0.64) (P<0.001). The ICU stay in the T group was substantially shorter (P<0.001), and postoperative complications were comparable. Conclusion For patients undergoing heart surgery, TTPB offers sufficient postoperative pain control, resulting in lower pain scores, lower postoperative analgesic doses, shorter extubation times, and shorter ICU stay lengths.
Lung Health in the Solomon Islands: A Mixed Methods Study

Background and Objectives Despite a population of 600,000 people from 900 islands, there is little published data on the prevalence of lung disease in the Solomon Islands. We sought to 1) estimate the prevalence of obstructive lung disease (OLD) in Gizo, Solomon Islands, 2) identify risk factors for respiratory disease in this population and 3) review current management practices for respiratory disease through an audit of local emergency department (ED) presentations. Methods A two-part mixed methods study was performed between March and May 2019; the first was a population-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Gizo, Solomon Islands, with a random sample undergoing questionnaires and spirometry. The second was an audit of Gizo Hospital ED records to assess presentation numbers, diagnoses and outcomes. Results A total of 104 patients were randomly selected for spirometry. The mean age was 46.9 years. Current smoking rates were high (24.0% overall, 43.3% age < 40, 16.2% age ≥ 40) as was regular (>10h/week) exposure to indoor/enclosed wood fire ovens (51.5%). The prevalence of COPD was 3.2% overall. A further 9.7% of participants demonstrated significant bronchodilator responsiveness suggestive of possible asthma. Most patients seen in ED presented with a respiratory condition or fever/viral illness, but spirometry was not available. Only four outpatients were prescribed salbutamol and two patients inhaled corticosteroid. Conclusion There appears to be a high burden of obstructive lung disease in the Solomon Islands with high smoking rates, indoor smoke exposure and bronchodilator responsiveness. Respiratory symptoms are common amongst hospital ED presentations; however, inhaled asthma treatments are infrequently prescribed to outpatients.
Numerical modeling of a flat air solar collector fitted with obstacles

The weakness of the solution of flat-air solar collectors in the absence of a turbulence promoter has led researchers to seek other means to improve the performance of the collector. to improve the heat exchange in the air stream from the flat solar collector to the air is the creation of baffles or obstacles to give the longest possible flow path and create a large possible turbulence network. In this article, we studied an air flow around an obstacle field in a flat air solar collector, using the Ansys CFX calculator software, we make a digital 3 D similarity and we give results on the heat exchange in the flat air solar collector and the aim of this study is to show the effect of the obstacles for the fluid flow and the heat transfer in the fluid flow of the flat air solar collector.
Decreasing methane emissions from China’s coal mining with rebounded coal production

China is the world’s largest anthropogenic methane (CH4) emitter, with coal mine methane (CMM) as one of the main contributors. However, previous studies have not reach consensus on the magnitude and trend of China’s CMM emissions since 2010. Through distribution fitting and Monte Carlo methods, dynamic emission factors (EFs) of CMM at the province-level were derived with high confidence; along with the updated data on surface mining, abandoned coal mines, and methane utilization, we revealed that China’s annual CMM emissions were estimated at 20.11 Tg between 2010 and 2019 with a decline of 0.93 Tg yr−1. Although coal production was revived in 2017, we found that the growing trend of China’s CMM emissions since 2012 were curbed by the previously-overlooked factors including the growth of CMM utilization and coal production from surface mining, and decrease of EFs driven by the closure of high CH4-content coal mines and a regional production shift to lower-emission areas.
Mass effects and mobility decisions

Abstract This paper presents a review of the literature on mass effects and their importance in choice behavior, i.e. how individual behavior is influenced by the behavior of others, with the goal of extracting lessons for transportation policy. An overview of psychological theories explaining the process underlying mass effects and conformity behavior is given. This is followed by a presentation of evidence of mass effects on choice behavior both outside and within transportation planning, covering contexts ranging from long term choices such as residential location to short term decisions such as driving behavior. Based on this review, modeling approaches for studying mass effects and their data requirements are then synthesized, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each. The paper concludes with a discussion of the importance of leveraging the power of mass effects for designing transportation policies aimed at promoting sustainable and safe mobility, and of challenges for future work in this area.
Automated Multidimensional Analysis of Global Events With Entity Detection, Sentiment Analysis and Anomaly Detection

The modern era, with information overload, has compelled strategic decision makers to obtain assistance from artificial intelligence- (AI) based decision support systems (DSS). Data-driven DSSs powered by powerful AI algorithms can instantly categorize unstructured data, assign context, and produce meaningful insights from such data. This paper presents an automated media monitoring system that can analyze unstructured global events reported in online news, government websites, and major social media to produce significant insights with explainable AI. Using this innovative system, a decision maker can focus on global events requiring urgent attentions since it segregates millions of unnecessary data by using the presented methodology involving entity detection, sentiment analysis, and anomaly detection. The system was designed, deployed, and tested during June 2, 2021 – September 1, 2021. During this 92-day period, the system connected to 2,397 distinct types of news sources and automatically fetched 22,425 major event descriptions from 192 countries. Then, to assign meaning and context to the unstructured event descriptions, the system performed AI-based entity detection and sentiment analysis of these global events. The proposed system is sufficiently robust to detect anomalies instantly from $2.76\times {10}^{8404}$ possible scenarios and provides detailed explanations by using natural language descriptions along with dynamic line charts and bar charts to portray detailed reasoning. The entity detection algorithm had a F1-score of 0.994 and the anomaly detection algorithm had an area under curve score of 0.941, establishing the proposed system with explainable AI as the most accurate, robust media monitoring system according to the literature.
Prevalence of nutritional anemia in children of high socioeconomic status in a tertiary care center

Background: Anemia is a highly prevalent condition developed in children belonging to all socioeconomic status and is mainly caused due to iron deficiency in nutrition. Aim: To identify the Prevalence of nutritional anemia in children of high socioeconomic status. Methods: Children between 6 months and 14 years of age belonging to high socioeconomic status, admitted in pediatric ward of Kauvery Hospital, a tertiary center at Trichy were included in the study. Children with hemolytic anemia, chronic illnesses, and those who received blood transfusion were excluded from the study. The World Health Organization classification was used for grading the severity of anemia as mild, moderate, and severe based on hemoglobin levels for the age. Modified Kuppuswamy scale 2016 was used to assess the socioeconomic status of the children. Children belonging to upper and upper middle socioeconomic status were included in the study. Results: The overall prevalence of anemia among the study population was 44.5%. Out of 400 subjects, 178 participants were anemic. Of the 178 anemic children, 78.1% were in the age group of 6 months–5 years, 20.2% in 5–11 years, and 1.7% in 12–14 years. Among children between 6 and 23 months, 75 were anemic. Almost all patients showed microcytic hypochromic anemia. There were a significantly higher number of overweight and obese children among those anemic in all age groups. Conclusion: This study concludes that every other child is anemic even in families of high socioeconomic status, especially <2 years of age. There is an urgent need to screen and treat all children regardless of their socioeconomic status or body mass index.
Comparative analysis of Peak Impulsive Force and Maximum Velocity according to the Taekwondo Jeongkwon Jirigi`s Pattern

This research analyzed the peak impulsive force, maximum velocity and a spot of fist`s maximum velocity comparing stop-jirugi and push-jirugi. 7 males volunteered for this experiment. peak impulsive force was measured by PS2142 force platform[10], and maximum velocity of fist was measured by PS2103A motion sensor[12]. All of data was collected in the data studio and t-test was applied using SAS 9.1 package. The following conclusions were drawn. First, stop-jirugi`s peak impulsive force was greater (P
A transport equation approach for deep neural networks with quenched random weights

We consider a multi-layer Sherrington–Kirkpatrick spin-glass as a model for deep restricted Boltzmann machines with quenched random weights and solve for its free energy in the thermodynamic limit by means of Guerra’s interpolating techniques under the RS and 1RSB ansatz. In particular, we recover the expression already known for the replica-symmetric case. Further, we drop the restriction constraint by introducing intra-layer connections among spins and we show that the resulting system can be mapped into a modular Hopfield network, which is also addressed via the same techniques up to the first step of replica symmetry breaking.