Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary establishment and analysis of automated driving benchmark in China

In order to promote the localization of Automated Driving (AD) in China, it is necessary to collect large-scale traffic scene data with Chinese characteristic for future analysis. In this paper, we propose the methodologies and rules of establishing AD benchmark involving how to configure sensors, how to design the collection schema to show Chinese traffic characteristics and the rules of elaborating distinctive scenes and routes, what to label, and it is also demonstrated that the benchmark can support the future application of extended AD research. Data collection lasted about one month covering diverse scene data such as campus, highway, park, etc. from three representative Chinese cities and driving data from 30 different drivers. Moreover, some statistical results and analyses are produced in accordance with the designed methodologies as instances of potential application. Up to now, the dataset contains about 7,000 labelled image frames and corresponding LiDAR, GPS and Controller Area Network (CAN) data. Labels cover scene type, road user, traffic sign, traffic light, and lane marker. This benchmark can help researchers better understand Chinese traffic situation in aspects of environmental perception, driving behavior analysis, risk assessment, automated vehicle decision and control.
Multiscale Modeling of Neurobiological Systems

The central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most complicated living structures in the universe. A single gene expression, the expression level of a single protein or the concentration of a neurotransmitter could regulate the entire functionality of the CNS. The CNS needs to be investigated as a multiscale system with connections among different levels. The existing technology significantly limits experimental studies, and computational modeling is a useful tool for understanding how parts are connected, regulated, and function together. Ideally, the goal is to develop unified computational methodologies for exploring biological systems at multiple scales ranging from molecular to cellular to tissue level. While rigorous models have been developed at the molecular scale, higher level approaches usually suffer from lack of physical realism and lack of knowledge on model parameters. Molecular level studies can help to define reaction schemes and parameters which could be used in cellular microphysiology models, and image data provide a structural basis for reconstructing the surroundings of the cellular system of interest. This dissertation develops and tests a new multiscale model of dopaminergic signaling and a detailed model of the activation-triggered subunit exchange mechanism of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase type II (CaMKII). The goal is to develop and use computational models to understand the molecular mechanisms of neurotransmission, and how disruptions may cause complex disorders and conditions such as drug abuse. The simulations of the dopamine (DA) signaling model show that the addition of the geometry of the environment and localization of individual molecules significantly affect the DA reuptake. Consequently, the formation of DAT clusters reduces the DA clearance rate and increases DA receptor activity. In addition, the effects of the psychostimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine are also investigated. Constructed model and method can potentially serve as an in silico microscope to understand the molecular basis of signaling and regulation events in the CNS. Calibration of CaMKII model shows the limitations of the current parameter estimation methods for large biological models with long simulation times such as hours. The high dimensional parameter space and the limited and noisy data makes the parameter estimation task a challenge.
Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion SPECT without significant perfusion defect using a dual isotope protocol and a novel CZT camera: substudy of the PROgnosis of Myocardial HETErogeneity (PROMHETE) study

In last years, innovation leads to development of Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) cameras for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) which brought better comfort, reduce imaging time and radiation exposure to patients while improve diagnosis performances. Major studies with CZT camera used a single isotope protocol to evaluate the prognostic value though it has been proved the feasibility and efficiency of a dual isotope protocol (rest Thallium-201 / stress Technetium-99m-sestamibi) in little studies including less than 50 patients. The study included patients with normal rest LVEF (>45%) and who had no or minimal perfusion defects (SSS< 4) on a dual isotope MPI following a symptom-limited treadmill test or a pharmacological stress testing. These 1003 patients were followed for 3.04 years. The main endpoint was the occurrence a hard-cardiac event (cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or unexpected coronary revascularization). 562 (56%) patients were males, the mean age was 64 years old (yo). 199 (20%) had a previous history of personal coronary artery disease (CAD). 319 (32%) were smoking, 467 (47%) had a high blood cholesterol level and 615 (61%) high blood pressure. 433 (43%) were diabetic. In most of the cases, MPI was performed for research of a silent ischemia (593, 59%). The majority of the patient (591, 59%) had a pharmacologic stress. The mean rest LVEF was 63 ± 8%, 785 (78%) had a SSS at 0 or 1 and 218 (22%) had a SSS at 2 or 3. 55 hard cardiac events occurred (22 cardiovascular deaths, 13 nonfatal myocardial infarctions and 20 unexpected coronary revascularizations). Statistically significative differences with the free events group were observed: patients with cardiac events were older (73 ± 10 yo; p < 0.001), had more history of personal CAD (p = 0.01), more dyslipidemia (p = 0.04) and their SSS was more often at 2-3 (p = 0.01). However, having an atypical chest pain as indication of the exam (p= 0.006) or being able of making an exercise stress (p < 0.001) test was protector. In multivariable analysis, age (HR 1.08 [1.05; 1.11], p< 0.001), previous CAD (HR 2.05 [1.16 -3.61], P = 0.01) and SSS at 2-3 (HR 1.88 [1.07; 3.28] , p = 0.027) were predictor of cardiac events.The use of a dual isotope protocol on a CZT camera provides prognostic information, comparable to single-isotope protocols on conventional CZT camera, while reducing imaging time but it also underlines a subgroup of patients with SSS at 2 or 3 who have a poorest prognosis than the overs.
A Comprehensive FPGA Reverse Engineering Tool-Chain: From Bitstream to RTL Code

As recently studied, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) suffer from growing Hardware Trojan (HT) attacks, and many techniques, e.g., register-transfer level (RTL) code-based analyzing, have been presented to detect HTs on FPGAs. However, for most of the FPGA end users, they can only obtain bitstream, rather than the RTL code. Therefore, we present a new FPGA reverse engineering tool-chain. It can precisely transform the FPGA bitstream to an RTL code and therefore assists in HT detection. In detail, we first construct an integrated database involving the FPGA architecture information and the bitstream mapping information. Then, we build two tools, namely, bitstream reversal tool (BRT) and netlist reversal tool (NRT). They can be combined together to retrieve the RTL code from the FPGA bitstream in moderate time. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our tool-chain, we evaluate it qualitatively and quantitatively by using two benchmarks (ISCAS’85 and ISCAS’89) and three real applications (8051 core, 68HC08, and AES). Our tool-chain is comprehensive since it covers all the reverse engineering stages, from bitstream to netlist and from netlist to code, without any support from other tools. Moreover, it rebuilds the netlist with a 100% correct rate and retrieves RTL code, which is exactly, functionally equivalent to the original one for all our benchmarks. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first tool that can perform integrated, precise reverse engineering for FPGAs, paving the way for the netlist-/code-based HT detection.
AWARENESS OF WARNING SYMPTOMS, RISK FACTORS AND TREATMENT INCLUDING REHABILITATION OF STROKE AMONG THE HIGH RISK POPULATION

Methodology: Sample size was 500. This hospital based survey done in urban population from. There is a threepart self administered questionnaire was used in this study which include demographic data, warning symptoms and treatment of stroke. Before filling the questionnaire duly consent was signed by patient, explained the questionnaire and then questions were asked during a one-to-one interview in the local vernacular language.
When Less Is More: Exploring Trade-offs in Transit Route Concentration

Route concentration involves withdrawal of selected bus routes to redeploy buses on major corridors to concentrate service frequency in those corridors at no net additional cost. Much research supports high frequency as a means to grow ridership and several practitioners have recommended route concentration. However research demonstrating the value of route concentration is limited. In particular gaps in knowledge about the longer walk access distances caused by route concentration need to be better understood relative to the benefits of higher frequency. This research paper explores the net impacts of route concentration on ridership using a theroetical network and some simple but robust representations of the impacts of route concentration on walk access, frequency and wait time including ridership impact. Results demonstrate that the route concentration options tested acted to increase ridership by up to 10% whilst operations costs were the same. They provide strong support for the concept of route concentration as a basis for route network redesig to improve service effectiveness. However the results also suggested that there is a finite limit to which route concentration might be deployed. In the options tested a 1.2km route density achieved the highest ridership growth compared to a base case of 300m route density. Though lower density options had lower ridership growth suggesting long walk access distances can act to limit ridership benefits if route densities become too low. Sensitivity tests suggests a 1.2km route density was consistently the best suggesting a robust result. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Palsy as an Indicator of Neglected Systemic Disease in Nigeria: Perspective from a Neuro-Ophthalmology Clinic

ABSTRACT The aim of this article from Nigeria is to draw attention to public health issues in medical care using ocular motor cranial nerve palsy (OMCNP) presenting to a neuro-ophthalmology clinic as a case study. All patients presenting with OMCNP between November 2007 and October 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic details as well as information regarding the clinical presentation, clinical course, investigation, and treatment outcomes were extracted from case records. Phone calls were made to the contact numbers of patients who had been lost to follow-up. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22 (IBM, Corp. Armonk, NY, USA). Cranial nerve palsies other than oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens palsies were excluded. Fifty-nine patients, comprising 28 males and 31 females, were identified. Age range was 1–84 years (median 43.0 ± 19.7 years). Fifty-one cases (93.2%) were mono neuropathies, while four (6.8%) affected multiple nerves. Oculomotor nerve palsy was most common, accounting for 57.6% of cases. Microvascular angiopathy was the commonest identifiable cause (25.6%). Aetiology was not identified in 16 cases. There were three (5.1%) deaths. Undiagnosed systemic disease appears to be a major risk factor for this patient group in this African setting. Patient investigation was problematic. Poor patient compliance and follow-up resulted in preventable deaths. Neuro-ophthalmologists practicing in low resource settings should be aware of these risks.
Evidence for Symplastic Phloem Unloading with Concomitant High Activity of Acid Cell Wall Invertase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens‐Induced Plant Tumors*

: In stems of Ricinus communis and leaves of Kalanchoe daigremontiana, rapidly growing tumors were induced by the wild type strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 and A281 (p35 Sgusint). Transformed cells, monitored by histochemical β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining, showed GUS activity in K. daigremontiana tumors in up to 100% of the tissue. In R. communis tumors, however, GUS activity was patchy, probably due to interference in gus expression from highly active phenolic compounds. Functionality of the sieve elements within the vascular bundles of the tumor and their connection with host stem bundles were shown by applying fluorescein to source leaves as a tracer of phloem-mobile solutes. The transport pathway within the tumor and the mechanism of phloem unloading were investigated by iontophoretic injection of Lucifer yellow CH into sieve tubes. Apparent symplastic solute unloading into parenchyma cells was confirmed by localizing common primary pit fields by staining them with aniline blue. In spite of the evidence for symplastic unloading, the activity of acid cell wall invertase (CWI) was about tenfold higher in tumor than in the adjacent host stem tissue. These results indicate primary independence of phloem unloading of CWI in tumors.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL

Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah paling umum yang mempengaruhi kekurangan gizi ibu hamil . Tingginya prevalensi anemia ibu masih merupakan penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas perinatal yang cukup besar. Prevalensi kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Nanga Lebang Kabupaten Sintang pada tahun 2014 angka kejadiannya sebesar 71 kasus, tahun 2017 meningkat menjadi 226 kasus dan tahun 2016 sebesar 196 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Nanga Lebang Kecamatan Kelam Kabupaten Sintang Tahun 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei analisis dengan pendekatan cross sectional . Subjek dalam penelitian adalah ibu hamil sebanyak 30 orang yang di pilih dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 70,0% responden yang mengalami anemia, 50 % responden merupakan kelompok umur berisiko, 50 % responden dengan jumlah anak > 2, 56,7% responden yang berpengetahuan kurang baik, 60,0% responden yang bersikap kurang baik, 53,3% responden dengan pola makan kurang baik, 53,3% responden yang kurang baik memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Dari hasil uji statistik, diketahui bahwa umur ( p value = 0,014), pengetahuan (p value = 0,042), sikap (p value = 0,015), pola makan (p value = 0,017), jumlah anak (p value = 0,014), serta pelayanan kesehatan (p value = 0,017), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara variabel bebas dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Disarankan ibu hamil memperbanyak pengetahuan tentang kehamilan dan lebih waspada dalam menjaga kesehatan, bagi petugas kesehatan dapat memberikan pendidikan tentang kesehatan pada ibu hamil dan memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang optimal.
Fattening of young cattle and buffalo on straw based rations, increasing their digestibilities and effect of whole and crashed barley

Zusammenfassung Die Futterung von Rindern und Buffeln mit aufgeschlossenem Stroh und der Einflus von heiler bzw. gequetschter Gerste An 15 1–1 1/2-jahrigen kastrierten Red Sindhi Stieren und 5 Buffeln - ebenfalls kastriert und im gleichen Alter - mit einem durchschnittlichen Korpergewicht von 96–86 kg wurden uber 98 Tage folgende Rationen ad libitum verfuttert: 1 Grundfuttermischung + unbehandeltes Stroh 2 Grundfuttermischung + NaOH (3%) behandeltes Stroh 3 Grundfuttermischung + Stroh insgesamt NaOH (3%)-behandelt. Ration 1 wurde 5 Rindern und 5 Buffeln verabreicht, Ration 2 und 3 jeweils 5 Rindern. Wahrend der ersten 70 Tage der Versuchsperiode enthielt die Grundfuttermischung ganze Gerstenkorner, die wahrend der letzten 28 Tage durch gequetschte Gerstenkorner ersetzt wurden. Fur die durchschnittlichen Tageszunahmen (in kg), Trockenmasseaufnahmen (in kg) und Futterverwertungen wurden in den Futterungsperioden je nach Behandlung folgende Ergebnisse ermittelt: Der Austausch der Gerstenkorner durch gequetschte Gerste erhohte die Leistungsparameter und diese waren hier bei Anwendung des 3. Verfahrens am hochsten. Die Buffel waren den Rindern in beiden Behandlungsformen uberlegen. Die Verdaulichkeit der TS in vitro, die Verdaulichkeit der organischen Substanz und die FFS-Produktion, sowie die UE-, NE-Laktation und Verdaulichkeit der organischen Substanz mit Hilfe des Hohenheimer Gastestes in ahnlichen Rationen deuten darauf hin, das die Behandlung der Gesamtration mit hohem Rohfasergehalt und gleich hoher NaOH-Konzentration genauso, wenn nicht sogar effektiver ist als die alleinige Behandlung des Strohanteils in der Ration. Die Erhohung der NaOH-Menge scheint die Verdaulichkeit und den Energiegehalt des Futters starker zu beeinflussen.
Building strong teacher–child relationships in today’s kindergarten classroom: Focusing on opportunities versus obstacles

Research documents that young children in high-quality teacher–child relationships experience better school adjustment and are more engaged in learning. Yet, many American kindergarten (age 5) teachers report spending less time on relationship building and children’s social and emotional development given pressure to have students reading and writing fluently by the end of the school year. In an attempt to better understand the dilemma facing today’s American kindergarten teachers, the principal investigator chose to re-enter the field while on sabbatical from her position as professor at a 4-year university. Through the use of qualitative methods and participant observation, she collected data in a variety of ways. Results revealed attempts to intentionally plan for relationship building and integrate relationship building into the academic curriculum. The teacher also built relationships with students by capitalizing on small moments and following the lead of the children. The study has a variety of implications for practitioners and for future research.
Use of Conifer Snags as Roosts by Female Bats in Western Oregon

Abstract Forest management activities influence habitat suitability for bats, and knowledge of the roosting ecology of bats is fundamental to developing strategies for conserving bats in managed forests. Information on use of roosts by multiple species of bats in a given area may provide insight into interspecific ecological patterns and could improve management prescriptions to provide habitat for bats through time across diverse ownerships and over multiple spatial scales. We investigated use of conifer snags as roosts by females of 3 species of forest-dwelling bats in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menzesii) forests in the western Oregon Cascade Range. We radiotagged 29 female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), 55 long-legged myotis (Myotis volans), and 27 long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis) and located 42, 105, and 24 snag roosts for the 3 species, respectively. All 3 species most frequently used Douglas-fir snags and in similar proportions to their availability. Big brown bats and long-legged myotis rarely roosted in stands <40 years old but age of stands used by female long-eared myotis did not differ from those randomly available. Odds of a snag being used as a roost by big brown bats increased with diameter at breast height and decreased with distance from the capture site. Diameter of snags used for roosting and the number of small (10–50 cm dbh) snags within the 20-m radius plot were variables in the best model for roost use by long-legged myotis. The best model for long-eared myotis included distance to the capture site. Odds of a snag being used by female long-eared myotis decreased with increasing distance from the capture site. There was considerable overlap in structural characteristics and the physical context of roost snags among the 3 species, but the types of roosts used among landscapes with differing densities of snags differed among the 3 species. Although big brown bats and long-legged myotis used only snags and live trees as roosts, long-eared myotis used a diversity of structures and the frequency of use of these structures differed with density of snags in the landscape. Relative to other roost types, frequency of use of snags by long-eared myotis was nearly twice as high in landscapes with high densities of snags as in those with low densities. We found that some species of bats alter selection of roosts depending on landscape context and availability of different types of roosts. Our findings demonstrate that forest managers must consider the needs of multiple bat species and the distribution of roosts in the landscape, especially where densities of snags are low and at low elevations in intensively managed landscapes.
CLADISTIC CLASSIFICATION OF AMNIOTA: A RESPONSE TO GAUTHIER ET AL.

In a cladistic analysis of living and fossil Amniota, Gauthier et al. (1988) proposed several innovations for classification and nomenclature. First, they advocate the development of a hierarchical nomenclature for fossils, in contrast to the methodology for classifying fossils proposed by Patterson and Rosen (1977) and elaborated as the stem lineage concept by Ax (1985, 1987). Second, Gauthier et al. (1988) formally accept the name of a paraphylum, “Reptilia”, for a more inclusive monophylum. Additionally, the authors have not fully reconciled the incongruity of their diagram of phylogenetic relationships for extant Amniota. The diagram of phylogenetic relationships supported by the combined analysis of extant and extinct Amniota (Gauthier et al., 1988: fig. 3) depicts the following adelphotaxon relationships (Fig. 1): (1 ) Aves and Crocodilia, which form Archosauria; (2) Lepidosauria and Archosauria, which form Diapsida; (3 ) Chelonia and Diapsida, which form Sauropsida; and (4) Mammalia and Sauropsida, which form Amniota. Two monophyla that are adelphotaxa are connected by their stem lineages. A stem lineage represents extinct common ancestry and the development of evolutionary novelties of a monophylum (Ax, 1987). Gauthier et al. (1988) proposed a means of distinguishing stem lineages from their respective monophyla by developing a hierarchical nomenclature for the fossil record. This is in contrast to the plesion concept (Patterson and Rosen, 1977; Ax, 1985, 1987) that incorporates fossils into the nomenclature of extant taxa, by recognizing fossils as members of an extant monophylum if they possess any one or more unambiguous novelties of that monophylum. Therefore, all fossil synapsids are mammals because the synapsid skull is a unique autapomorphy of Mammalia. Application of the stem lineage concept to the classification of Amniota produces a simple tabulation (Table 1 ) . Fossil taxa are signified ( t ) and arranged in a sequence corresponding to the increasing number of apomorphous agreements with the living adelphotaxa of a monophylum. The exact topology of the diagram of phylogenetic relationships for Amniota by Gauthier et al. (1988: fig. 3 can be recovered from the stem lineage classification. In this instance, the stem lineage classification provides an efficient information storage and retrieval system for Amniota, as more generally predicted by Ax ( 1987). In contrast, the classification by Gauthier et al. (1988) does not provide the information of their diagram of phylogenetic relationships in a retrievable form, because the authors have not labelled all of the fossil adelphotaxon relationships. If fully implemented, the method of classification by Gauthier et al. (1988) would require a t least 28 more names in the hierarchy than are required by the stem lineage classification. Further, unconsidered fossils of the stem