Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BCAT1 Activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Contributes to the Angiogenesis and Tumorigenicity of Gastric Cancer

Background Focusing on antiangiogenesis may provide promising choices for treatment of gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of BCAT1 in the pathogenesis of GC, particularly in angiogenesis. Methods Bioinformatics and clinical samples analysis were used to investigate the expression and potential mechanism of BCAT1 in GC. BGC823 cells with BCAT1 overexpression or silencing were induced by lentiviral transduction. Cell phenotypes and angiogenesis were evaluated. The relevant proteins were quantized by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. Xenograft models were constructed to confirm the role of BCAT1 in vivo. Results BCAT1 was overexpressed in GC patients and associated with lower survival. BCAT1 expression was correlated with proliferation-, invasion-, or angiogenesis-related markers expression and pathways. Silencing BCAT1 expression suppressed cell viability, colony formation, cycle progression, invasion, and angiogenesis of BGC823 cells, as well as the tumor growth of xenograft models, whereas overexpressing BCAT1 had the opposite results both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and Western blotting demonstrated that BCAT1 activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The addition of LY294002 reversed the tumor growth induced by BCAT1 overexpression, further verifying this mechanism. Conclusion BCAT1 might act as an oncogene by facilitating proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This finding could aid the optimization of antiangiogenesis strategies.
Proteomic Analysis of Generative and Vegetative Nuclei Reveals Molecular Characteristics of Pollen Cell Differentiation in Lily

In plants, the cell fates of a vegetative cell (VC) and generative cell (GC) are determined after the asymmetric division of the haploid microspore. The VC exits the cell cycle and grows a pollen tube, while the GC undergoes further mitosis to produce two sperm cells for double fertilization. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying their fate differentiation remains limited. One major advantage of the nuclear proteome analysis is that it is the only method currently able to uncover the systemic differences between VC and GC due to GC being engulfed within the cytoplasm of VC, limiting the use of transcriptome. Here, we obtained pure preparations of the vegetative cell nuclei (VNs) and generative cell nuclei (GNs) from germinating lily pollens. Utilizing these high-purity VNs and GNs, we compared the differential nucleoproteins between them using state-of-the-art quantitative proteomic techniques. We identified 720 different amount proteins (DAPs) and grouped the results in 11 fate differentiation categories. Among them, we identified 29 transcription factors (TFs) and 10 cell fate determinants. Significant differences were found in the molecular activities of vegetative and reproductive nuclei. The TFs in VN mainly participate in pollen tube development. In comparison, the TFs in GN are mainly involved in cell differentiation and male gametogenesis. The identified novel TFs may play an important role in cell fate differentiation. Our data also indicate differences in nuclear pore complexes and epigenetic modifications: more nucleoporins synthesized in VN; more histone variants and chaperones; and structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) proteins, chromatin remodelers, and DNA methylation-related proteins expressed in GN. The VC has active macromolecular metabolism and mRNA processing, while GC has active nucleic acid metabolism and translation. Moreover, the members of unfolded protein response (UPR) and programmed cell death accumulate in VN, and DNA damage repair is active in GN. Differences in the stress response of DAPs in VN vs. GN were also found. This study provides a further understanding of pollen cell differentiation mechanisms and also a sound basis for future studies of the molecular mechanisms behind cell fate differentiation.
Preschool Teachers’ Technology Acceptance During the COVID-19: An Adapted Technology Acceptance Model

Online education has become a major reaction to the COVID-19 epidemic, which requires preschool teachers to quickly adapt to online education and accept educational technology. In this emergency background, research on the preschool teachers’ technology acceptance provides clues to improve preschool teachers’ intention to use educational technology. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is widely used to examine the process of individuals’ technology acceptance in the previous literature. Therefore, this study seeks to examine preschool teachers’ technology acceptance with the adapted TAM and their determinant factors. The proposed model was empirically validated by using survey data from 1,568 preschool teachers during the COVID-19. Results indicate that preschool teachers’ behavioral intention was moderate to high level. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are direct significant predictors of preschool teachers’ behavioral intention. Perceived usefulness is affected by perceived ease of use and job relevance. Computer self-efficacy and perceptions of external control are the positive factors toward perceived ease of use. Our findings present powerful evidence for the applicability of the adapted TAM in a sample of Chinese preschool teachers under emergency circumstances. These results highlighted some potential avenues for interventions aimed at improving preschool teachers’ acceptance toward educational technology.
The Immune Atlas of Human Deciduas With Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common fertility problem that affects 1%-2% of couples all over the world. Despite exciting discoveries regarding the important roles of the decidual natural killer cell (dNK) and regulatory T cell in pregnancy, the immune heterogeneity in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) remains elusive. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of 13,953 CD45+ cells from three normal and three URPL deciduas. Based on our data, the cellular composition revealed three major populations of immune cells including dNK cell, T cell, and macrophage, and four minor populations including monocytes, dendritic cell (DC), mast cell, and B cell. Especially, we identified a subpopulation of CSF1+ CD59+ KIRs-expressing dNK cells in normal deciduas, while the proportion of this subpopulation was decreased in URPL deciduas. We also identified a small subpopulation of activated dDCs that were accumulated mainly in URPL deciduas. Furthermore, our data revealed that in decidua at early pregnancy, CD8+ T cells exhibited cytotoxic properties. The decidual macrophages expressed high levels of both M1 and M2 feature genes, which made them unique to the conventional M1/M2 classification. Our single-cell data revealed the immune heterogeneity in decidua and the potentially pathogenic immune variations in URPL.
RAGE Differentially Altered in vitro Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Adventitial Fibroblasts in Diabetes-Induced Vascular Calcification

The Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGE)/Receptor for AGEs (RAGE) signaling pathway exacerbates diabetes-mediated vascular calcification (VC) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Other cell types are involved in VC, such as adventitial fibroblasts (AFBs). We hope to elucidate some of the mechanisms responsible for differential signaling in diabetes-mediated VC with this work. This work utilizes RAGE knockout animals and in vitro calcification to measure calcification and protein responses. Our calcification data revealed that VSMCs calcification was AGE/RAGE dependent, yet AFBs calcification was not an AGE-mediated RAGE response. Protein expression data showed VSMCs lost their phenotype marker, α-smooth muscle actin, and had a higher RAGE expression over non-diabetics. RAGE knockout (RKO) VSMCs did not show changes in phenotype markers. P38 MAPK, a downstream RAGE-associated signaling molecule, had significantly increased activation with calcification in both diabetic and diabetic RKO VSMCs. AFBs showed a loss in myofibroblast marker, α-SMA, due to calcification treatment. RAGE expression decreased in calcified diabetic AFBs, and P38 MAPK activation significantly increased in diabetic and diabetic RKO AFBs. These findings point to potentially an alternate receptor mediating the calcification response in the absence of RAGE. Overall, VSMCs and AFBs respond differently to calcification and the application of AGEs.
Morphology and Morphometry of Human Paracentral Lobule: An Anatomical Study with its Application in Neurosurgery

Background: The human paracentral lobule (PCL) is the medial continuation of the precentral and postcentral gyri. It has important functional area related to the lower limb and perineum. Its visible surface that corresponds to magnetic resonance imaging scout images varies in morphology, so it requires exact data. Studies related to such data are rare. With such a facile, we studied the morphology and morphometry of PCL. Materials and Methods: Fifty formalin-fixed adult human brains dissected in the midsagittal plane were used in this study. First, the morphological types of PCL and its boundary were determined, followed by morphometry of its extrasulcal surface using digital vernier calipers. Measurements were done along the anteroposterior axis (length) and vertical axis (height). In addition to that, the extent of motor and sensory area into PCL was also measured. Results: Three distinct morphological types of PCL were found: continuous (2%), partially segmented (91%), and completely segmented type (7%). In completely segmented type, a short transitional lobulolimbic gyrus was also found in three cases. The mean extrasulcal surface of the left PCL was significantly larger, both in males (left 10.67 cm2 vs. right 8.80 cm2) and in females (left 8.80 cm2 vs. right 6.99 cm2). Irrespective of gender and sidedness, motor area was significantly larger than the sensory area. Conclusion: Reported data will be useful in diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the human PCL. Variations in the distribution of sensorimotor cortex over PCL may help further assessment of hemispheric lateralization and the location of central sulcus as a reliable indicator of cytoarchitectonic borders.
MR Venography in Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Parasagittal Meningiomas: A Technical Note with the Rationale of Venous Protection and a Review of Literature

Postradiosurgery symptomatic brain edema may be seen with parasagittal meningioma owing to its proximity to major venous sinuses and cortical veins. Venous preservation radiosurgery planning is less described. Here, we discuss a new method of tumor volume contouring on postcontrast magnetic resonance venogram (CEMRV) images safely excluding the adjacent cortical veins and sinuses. Six cases of parasagittal meningiomas where Gamma Knife radiosurgery was planned on CEMRV sequence were studied in detail. A double-contrast injection method was used to obtain CEMRV images. The differential contrast enhancement showed the displaced and compressed sinuses and cortical veins in the vicinity of meningioma. Tumor was contoured on both contrast magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) and MRV image for comparative analysis. 15 Gy at 50% marginal isodose was prescribed and quantitative assessment showed reduced exposure to the adjacent veins and sinuses on the MRV plan as compared to the CEMRI plan. All patients remain asymptomatic at a mean follow-up of 34.2 months. Postcontrast MRV is a simple sequence and can delineate the adjacent venous structures in parasagittal meningiomas. Tumor contouring directly on this sequence guides the surgeon to prescribe adequate radiation dose while sparing cortical veins and sinuses in radiosurgery planning.
Retrospective Study and Outcome Predictor after Microsurgical Resection of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations in Nepal

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess demographic, clinical, and morphological characteristics of patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs). The relation of outcome using modified Ranklin Scale (mRS) at time of discharge, early and last follow ups with respect to various factors. Materials and Methods: Demographic data, arteriovenous malformation characteristics, and treatment outcomes were evaluated in 43 bAVMs treated with microsurgery between 2009 and 2019. For this series, 43 patients were retrospectively reviewed. A subgroup analysis for Spetzler-Martin grades (SMG) I/II, III, IV/V and III–V were performed. The mRS was used to assess functional outcomes. Results: Overall, mean age at diagnosis was 33 years (standard deviation = 19). Transient deficit, mRS deterioration and impaired functional outcome occurred less frequently in SMG I–II patients compared with Grade III–V patients combined (29% vs. 32% respectively, P = 0.00). All patients with SMG Grade I, Supplemented SMG Grade 2, 3, 4 and 6 had a mRS score of 2 or less at the last follow-up. Age was the only significant predictor of overall outcome after bAVM surgery on Chi-square test (P = 0.046), i.e: all patients <20 years had mRS score of 2 or less on last follow-up. Unfavorable outcome (mRS score of 3 or more than 3) level increased with higher grades in SMG on long term follow-up. Conclusion: The results of our case series of bAVM with SMG Grade I and Suplemented Grade 2, 3, 4 and even higher grade i.e., 6 can have excellent overall outcome after microsurgical resection. Association of factors which increases the grading system of bAVM like eloquence, deep venous drainage and increasing sizes did not correlate with the predicted unfavorable outcomes, whereas age of patients was a predictor of overall outcome. Although the small sample size of this study is a limitation, age of patient plays important role on the overall outcome.
Screening and Management of Maternal Malnutrition in Nutritional Rehabilitation Centers as a Routine Service: A Feasibility Study in Kalawati Saran Children Hospital, New Delhi

Background: In India, Nutrition Rehabilitation Centers (NRCs) established at public health facilities provide residential medical nutrition therapy for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children with complications. A large proportion of their mothers are also malnourished. NRCs do not provide services to such mothers as part of routine practice. However, technical algorithm for delivering Maternal Nutrition (MN) services in facility settings is available. Objectives: To test the practical feasibility of layering the MN services in NRC as a routine service. Methods: The MN services were delivered by a nutrition counselor using a triage approach (assess, classify, supplement/counsel/treat). All mothers received diet, micronutrients, and group counseling, those at nutritional risk received individual counseling and SAM mothers also received catch-up diet during their stay. Program data were collected from mothers during January 1 to August 31, 2019 at the NRC in Kalawati Saran Children Hospital. To gain operational insights, a structured interview with nutrition counselor was conducted. Results: Out of 168 mothers, 8% were found to be pregnant and 89% were at nutrition or medical risk. The prevalence of short stature was 18%, severe/thin 21%, overweight/obese 34%, and anemic 72%. Feedback from the nutrition counselor indicated no operational challenges, however, further efforts to ensure that mothers keep coming back for follow-up visits is needed. Conclusion: The findings indicated that existing staffs were able to deliver the MN services within the time, cost, and regime of the routine NRC. This paper provides four recommendations for layering the MN services in NRCs.
The 100 most cited articles in the endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations

BACKGROUND: The literature base for endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) has grown exponentially in recent decades. Bibliometric analysis has been used to identify impactful articles in other medical specialties. The aim of this citation analysis was to identify and characterize the top 100 most cited articles in the field of endovascular BAVM treatment. METHODS: The top-cited papers were identified by searching selected keywords (“endovascular treatment,” “interventional treatment,” “brain arteriovenous malformation,” “emboliz(s)ation”) on the Web of Science platform. The top 100 articles were ranked according to their number of citations. Each article was further evaluated to obtain predefined characteristics including citation(s) per year, year of publication, authorship, journal-title and impact factor, article topics, article type, and level of evidence. RESULTS: The top 100 most cited articles for endovascular BAVM treatment were published between 1960 and 2014. The total number of citations for these articles ranged from 56 to 471 (median 85.5). Most articles (76%) were published between 1990 and 2009 in three journals (56%), originated in the USA (52%) followed by France (16%). The most common topic related to embolization agents and the majority of articles constituted level IV or V evidence. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the most cited articles in the field of endovascular BAVM treatment. Our analysis recognizes key contributions from authors and institutions in the field and leads to a better understanding of the evidentiary framework for BAVM treatment.
Expanding Beyond the Micropore: Active-Site Engineering in Hierarchical Architectures for Beckmann Rearrangement

The ability to engineer discrete solid-acid centers within hierarchically porous architectures that contain micropores with interconnected mesopores offers the potential to overcome the spatial restraints and diffusional limitations imposed by conventional microporous zeotype catalysts, which often lead to decreased catalyst lifetimes and restricted substrate scope. By employing a one-step soft-templating approach, coupled with detailed physicochemical and spectroscopic characterization, isolated, solid-acid sites can be suitably tailored and discretely modulated within the micropores and mesopores. The design strategy facilitates a synergistic enhancement in catalytic activity, selectivity, substrate versatility, and longevity, compared to analogous microporous zeotypes that have been extensively employed in the chemical industry, as solid-acid catalysts, for the production of e-caprolactam (precursor for Nylon-6).
SPANISH VALIDATION OF THE LOCUS OF CONTROL QUESTIONNAIRE IN SPORT FOR CHILDREN VALIDACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DEL CUESTIONARIO DE LOCUS DE CONTROL EN DEPORTE INFANTIL

Locus of control has been studied in the sport context, however there was no valid instrument to evaluate it in children's sport. This study adapts into Spanish and validates the Children's Locus of Control Scale for Sport (CSLCS) in the Spanish language. This CSLCS was developed by Tsai y Hsieh (2015). The adaptation has two phases: an initial screening of 248 children between the ages of 7 and 16 to observe the qualitative behavior of the items; and a second one with 221 athletes with children between the ages of 8 and 22 in which the questionnaire was modified to fit the results. A final 10-item scale was obtained, with 5 items per dimension (internal and external), which presents an adequate fit. Results show that the Spanish version of the scale possesses adequate psychometric qualities for its use in research and applied fields in child ́s sport evaluation.
Gbg Binds to the Extreme C Terminus of SNAP25 to Mediate the Action of Gi/o-Coupled G Protein–Coupled Receptors

Gi/o-coupled G protein–coupled receptors can exert an inhibitory effect on vesicle release through several G protein–driven mechanisms, more than one of which may be concurrently present in individual presynaptic terminals. The synaptosomalassociated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) is a key downstream effector of Gbg subunits. It has previously been shown that proteolytic cleavage of SNAP25 by botulinum toxin A reduces the ability of Gbg to compete with the calcium sensor synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) for binding to SNAP25 in a calcium-dependent manner. These truncated SNAP25 proteins sustain a low level of exocytosis but are unable to support serotonin-mediated inhibition of exocytosis in lamprey spinal neurons. Here, we generate a SNAP25 extreme C-terminal mutant that is deficient in its ability to bind Gbg while retaining normal calciumdependent Syt1 binding to soluble N-ethylmaleimide attachment protein receptor (SNARE) and vesicle release. The SNAP25D3 mutant, in which residue G204 is replaced by a stop codon, features a partial reduction in Gb1g2 binding in vitro as well as a partial reduction in the ability of the lamprey 5hydroxytryptamine1b–type serotonin receptor to reduce excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes, an effect previously shown to be mediated through the interaction of Gbg with SNAP25. Syt1 calcium-dependent binding to SNAP25D3 was reduced by a small extent compared with the wild type. We conclude that the extreme C terminus of SNAP25 is a critical region for the Gbg-SNARE interaction.
APLICATION OF CATFISH FLOUR ON TEXTURE AND HEDONIC PROFILES OF PEMPEK LENJER

African catfish flour can be used for making pempek from premix flour. The objective was to study the effect of the catfish flour and the comparison of tapioca and wheat flour to the texture and hedonic profiles of pempek lenjer from premix flour. The methods consisted of making catfish flour and pempek from premix flour. The treatments were catsfish flours of 15%, 20%, and 25% and comparison of tapioca and wheat flours of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1, respectively. Analysis on catfish flour were yield and proximate characteristics as well as analysis on pempek lenjer were texture profiles of hardness, springiness, and stickiness, and hedonic profiles of color, aroma, taste and springiness texture. A complete two-factor random design and Duncan’s post hoc analysis were used in the research. The results showed that catfish flour has yield of 20%, moisture of 6,6%, ash of 1,54%, protein of 50,94%, fat of 16,75% and carbohydrate of 24,17%. In addition, the more the catfish flour and the less the tapioca used led to the lower the hardness and the higher the springiness of pempek lenjer, however did not significantly affect the stickiness. The hedonic analysis showed that this pempek has a high preference value on all parameters. The texture profiles and hedonic test produced a combination of catfish flour of 20% and comparison of tapioca and wheat flour of 2:1 as the chosen product in this research.
The nature of institutions from a computational perspective

Institutions are more and more considered to be one of the essential determinants of economic development. The claim that they are not only a determinant of the growth level of an economy (Acemoglu, Johnson, & Robinson, 2001; Rodrik, 2008), but also determine the distribution of income, wealth, and power (S. Bowles, 2004; Elsner, Heinrich, & Schwardt, 2014), has led to an enormous wave of empirical literature on the role of institutions (Acemoglu et al., 2001; Samuel Bowles & Gintis, 2002; Acemoglu & Robinson, 2006). 1 Yet, there is still no theoretical consensus about what an institution actually is, how it affects individual decision making, and how it evolves.2 An important theoretical piece in the puzzle of institutions seems to be missing. In this article I try to reconcile the most common and promising conceptions of institutions that are currently available in economic theory to detect this missing piece. All of these conceptions were developed in different contexts and either has particular advantages and disadvantages. Yet, in order to understand the role institutions play in actual economies it would be desirable to develop a general conception of institutions considering the respective approaches as special cases. The approaches I deal with in this article are summarized in table 1 are the following: