Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Phylogeny of Fabaceae based on rbcL sequence data: With special emphasis on the tribe Mimoseae (Mimosoideae)

A cladistic analysis using rbcL sequence data of 23 species from 16 genera of Mimoseae with two species of Acacieae, four species of Ingeae, one species of Parkieae, 11 species of Caesalpinioideae and five species of Papilionoideae as the study group, and two species of Polygalaceae as the outgroup taxa, was conducted. The result although very preliminary provides very informative findings which confirm the paraphyly of the tribe Mimoseae and support the monophyly of the genera Mimosa, Entada and Neptunia; and the Adenanthera group. The results also support the monophyly of the subfamily Mimosoideae and the subfamily Papilionoideae and confirms the paraphyly of the Caesalpinioideae. Kanaloa kahoolawensis (a species from Hawaii which is still uncertain for the placement) is found to be closely related to Leucaena leucocephala in Leucaena group.
Novel environment exploration and home range size in starlings Sturnus vulgaris

Individual variation in exploration behavior can affect fitness, can be individually consistent and heritable, and is increasingly measured as an animal personality trait in novel environment tests. Exploration speed in novel environment tests is generally found to be positively correlated with movement distances in wild animals, but such studies tend to be limited to single measures of exploration and rarely investigate the role of other correlates of movement behavior in the wild. We show that scores of the speed of exploration of wild juvenile starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in novel environment tests are not correlated with either the maximum extent of, or the size of the most frequently used part of, their home range. By contrast, scores that reflect what parts of the novel environment were explored are correlated with the size of the most frequently used area and tend to be correlated with the maximum home range size. The latter relationship was stronger for individuals that were on average found in larger flocks and for individuals with less suitable foraging habitat in their range. We conclude that aspects of exploration other than its speed may be better predictors of exploration in the wild for some species. Moreover, our findings further illustrate that the association between animal personality traits such as exploration behavior and the behavioral ecology of wild animals may depend on the environmental or social context. These findings are discussed in the context of individual variation in the response to environmental variability. Copyright 2010, Oxford University Press.
Discovery of Two Novel Negeviruses in a Dungfly Collected from the Arctic

Negeviruses are a proposed group of insect-specific viruses that can be separated into two distinct phylogenetic clades, Nelorpivirus and Sandewavirus. Negeviruses are well-known for their wide geographic distribution and broad host range among hematophagous insects. In this study, the full genomes of two novel negeviruses from each of these clades were identified by RNA extraction and sequencing from a single dungfly (Scathophaga furcata) collected from the Arctic Yellow River Station, where these genomes are the first negeviruses from cold zone regions to be discovered. Nelorpivirus dungfly1 (NVD1) and Sandewavirus dungfly1 (SVD1) have the typical negevirus genome organization and there was a very high coverage of viral transcripts. Small interfering RNAs derived from both viruses were readily detected in S. furcata, clearly showing that negeviruses are targeted by the host antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. These results and subsequent in silico analysis (studies) of public database and published virome data showed that the hosts of nege-like viruses include insects belonging to many orders as well as various non-insects in addition to the hematophagous insects previously reported. Phylogenetic analysis reveals at least three further groups of negeviruses, as well as several poorly resolved solitary branches, filling in the gaps within the two sub-groups of negeviruses and plant-associated viruses in the Kitaviridae. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the geographic distribution, host range, evolution and host antiviral immune responses of negeviruses.
Heterosis for yield and yield components in okra

Magnitude of hecterosis for yield and contributing traits were studied in okra. Seven genotypes were crossed in all possible combinations resulting in 33 hybrids. Six hetrotic hybrid combinations observed were MF-3 × OHD-1, MF-3 × Varsha Uphar, MF3 × Arka Anamika, OHD-1 × Varsha Uphar, OHD-1 × Arka Anamika, Vasha Uphar × Arka Anamika, which were better over mid-parental values. Hybrid Varsha Uphar × Arka Anamika had the highest heterosis (52.22%) for yield per plant.
Fungi from peatlands

The understanding of microbial biodiversity in peatlands has grown considerably over the past two decades. This is encouraging, given the global distribution of peatlands and their potentially increasing significance under a changing climate, particularly as it pertains to carbon cycling. The purpose of this review is to compile a comprehensive list of fungi that have been reported from peatlands and to summarize their general roles in these ecosystems. To date, 601 species of fungi have been identified globally from peatlands. Ascomycetes are the largest group with 276 species (46%), followed by basidiomycetes (243 species, 40%), zygomycetes (55 species, 9%), and chytridiomycetes (26 species, 4%). The most species-rich genera are Penicillium (48 species), Galerina (41 species), and Mortierella (20 species). The 20 most common fungal genera account for 252 of the 601 species (42%) in peatlands. From a functional perspective, most fungi in peatlands are saprobes and are involved in the decomposition of organic matter. A better understanding of this group of fungi will allow us to better predict carbon dynamics in the future.
Lactobacillusplantarum GKM3 and Lactobacillus paracasei GKS6 Supplementation Ameliorates Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Promoting Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibiting Osteoclast Formation

Osteoporosis, an imbalance in the bone-forming process mediated by osteoblasts and the bone-resorbing function mediated by osteoclasts, is a bone degenerative disease prevalent among the aged population. Due to deleterious side effects of currently available medications, probiotics as a potential treatment of osteoporosis is an appealing approach. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the beneficial effects of two novel Lactobacilli strain probiotics on bone health in ovariectomized (OVX) induced osteoporotic mice model and its underlying mechanisms. Forty-five 9-week-old Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice underwent either a sham-operation (n = 9) or OVX (n = 36). Four days after the operation, OVX mice were further divided into four groups and received either saline alone, Lactobacillus plantarum GKM3, Lactobacillus paracasei GKS6 or alendronate per day for 28 days. After sacrifice by decapitation, right distal femur diaphysis was imaged via micro-computed tomography (MCT) and parameters including bone volume/tissue volume ratio (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured. Moreover, GKM3 and GKS6 on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and osteoblast differentiation using in vitro cultures were also investigated. The results showed that both probiotics strains inhibited osteoporosis in the OVX mice model, with L. paracasei GKS6 outperforming L. plantarum GKM3. Besides this, both GKS6 and GKM3 promoted osteoblast differentiation and inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation via the Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP) and RANKL pathways, respectively. These findings suggested that both strains of Lactobacilli may be pursued as potential candidates for the treatment and management of osteoporosis, particularly in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of the Posterior and Anterior Interosseous Nerves for Chronic Wrist Pain: A Novel Technique

The treatment of chronic wrist pain, due to posttraumatic, degenerative, or inflammatory arthritis, is challenging to adequately manage. The ideal surgical procedure should preserve wrist mobility and provide long-lasting pain relief. In this regard, denervation aims to decrease wrist pain by interrupting sensory innervation, without impairing motor function, and avoids the need for postoperative immobilization to decrease the risk of stiffness. For these reasons, denervation is particularly attractive as a possible treatment for chronic wrist pain. Our aim was to describe our novel technique for partial percutaneous wrist denervation, performed by radiofrequency ablation of the posterior and anterior interosseous nerves, and to report on the prospective outcomes over a 1-year follow-up for 3 patients (4 wrists) treated as of March 2019. The technique is performed on an outpatient basis and does not require postprocedure wrist immobilization or restriction in activities of daily living or work. Findings at the 1-year follow-up indicate that partial denervation improved grip strength, provided pain relief, maintained wrist motion, and improved subjective report of disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand. One patient did not report a benefit of the procedures, with other patients being very satisfied. Our percutaneous procedure is an evolution of the traditional partial denervation technique, providing advantages of being less invasive, not requiring restriction of movement or activities in the postoperative phase, can be performed on an out-patient basis, and does not preclude the subsequent use of invasive surgical procedures, as needed.
The impact of switching to mTOR inhibitor-based immunosuppression on long-term non-melanoma skin cancer incidence and renal function in kidney and liver transplant recipients

Abstract Background Solid organ transplantation is associated with increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer. Studies with short follow up times have suggested a reduced occurrence of these cancers in recipients treated with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors as maintenance immunosuppression. We aimed to describe the occurrence of skin cancers in renal and liver transplant recipients switched from calcineurin inhibitor to sirolimus-based regimes. Methods We performed a retrospective study of sirolimus conversion within the Irish national kidney and liver transplant programs. These data were linked with the National Cancer Registry Ireland to determine the incidence of NMSC among these recipients. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for post versus pre-conversion NMSC rates are referred in this study as an effect size with [95% confidence interval]. Results Of 4,536 kidney transplants and 574 liver transplants functioning on the 1 January 1994 or transplanted between 1 January 1994 and 01 January 1994 and 01 January 2015, 85 kidney and 88 liver transplant recipients were transitioned to sirolimus-based immunosuppression. In renal transplants, the rate of NMSC was 131 per 1000 patient years pre-switch to sirolimus, and 68 per 1000 patient years post switch, with adjusted effect size of 0.48 [0.31 − 0.74] (p = .001) following the switch. For liver transplant recipients, the rate of NMSC was 64 per 1,000 patient years pre-switch and 30 per 1,000 patient years post switch, with an adjusted effect size of 0.49 [0.22 − 1.09] (p .081). Kidney transplant recipients were followed up for a median 3.4 years. Liver transplants were followed for a median 6.6 years. Conclusions In this study, the conversion of maintenance immunosuppression from calcineurin inhibitors to mTOR inhibitors for clinical indications did appear to reduce the incidence of NMSC in kidney and liver transplant recipients.
Molluscan and plant biostratigraphy of some Late Devensian and Flandrian deposits in Kent

Sequences of calcareous slope and spring deposits (mainly tufa) are described from two localities in Kent (Folkestone and Wateringbury). They contain rich faunas of terrestrial Mollusca, allowing a detailed reconstruction of the local environments. The faunal changes also reveal an underlying common pattern, ascribed largely to the effects of climate and migration. Eight biostratigraphical assemblage zones are proposed, applicable to deposits of this general character in the area of southern England. The base of each zone is defined as follows: zone y first appearance of a molluscan fauna, dominantly of Pupilla, Vallonia and Vitrina ; zone z expansion of Abida and Trichia ; zone a decline of Pupilla , appearance of Carychium and Aegopinella ; zone b expansion of Carychium and Aegopinella , occurrence of Discus ruderatus ; zone c expansion of Discus rotundatus , suppression of Discus ruderatus ; zone d expansion of Oxychilus cellarius ; zone e re-expansion of Vallonia ; zone f appearance of Helix aspersa . Botanical evidence (pollen and seeds) and some radiocarbon dates allow a partial correlation of the zones with the standard Godwin pollen zones of the Late Devensian (late-glacial) and the Flandrian.
Comparative spermatology of freshwater mites (Hydrachnidia, Acari)

The ultrastructure of sperm cells of representatives of all superfamilies of Hydrachnidia except Stygothrombioidea is described. The sperm are aflagellate cells with magnitudes reaching 1.3 μm up to 6 μm. They are mostly oval cells, but some show an irregular shape. All investigated mites have an acrosomal complex which is composed of an acrosomal vacuole alone. An acrosomal filament is absent. This character together with a prominent field of granules, likely glycogen, may be regarded as synapomorphic of the groups forming a monophylum Hydrachnidia. All Hydrachnidia except Hydrovolzia and the Eylaoidea possess a rather large acrosomal vacuole to which a thin nuclear process attaches. This arrangement supports the taxon Euhydrachnidia. Further details shown in the fine structure of the sperm cells demonstrate the potential of these characters for the development of a better understanding of the systematic relationships within the Hydrachnidia. However, this needs further studies of more species, which should include Stygothrombioidea and observations of spermatogenesis.
Effect of nurseries and size of released Holothuria scabra juveniles on their survival and growth

When 15-g juveniles of Holothuria scabra are transferred into sea pens for farming in Madagascar, there is high mortality during the two first months of rearing, which is principally due to predation by the crab Thalamita crenata. The use of nurseries (covered pens) is thought to be the best way of protecting those juveniles against predation. An experiment was carried out in Tampolove, a sea cucumber farming site where there is a very low density of predators. The purpose of the experiment was to see how the use of nurseries and the size at which juveniles are released into them affected their survival and growth. For this experiment, eight nurseries and eight sea pens, all 16 m², were constructed and four size groups of juveniles were tested: 0–5 g, 5–10 g, 10–15 g and 15–20 g. The rearing density was 3 ind. m -2 . After three months, the average survival rates were between 78.00 and 83.75%, which suggests that the size of released juveniles did not affect the survival rate. Also, the use of a nursery did not significantly increase the survival rates; they were 87.50% and 78.88% respectively for juveniles reared in nurseries and in sea pens. This experiment showed that the use of nurseries is not necessary in farming sites with a low density of predators, and that juveniles less than 5 g can be released in these sites.
The Unintended Effect of Perceived Transformational Leadership Style on Workaholism: The Mediating Role of Work Motivation

Abstract Given the apparent magnitude of the problems related to workaholism, the current research was designed to provide evidence about the impact of both personal and organizational variables on determining health-damaging work habits of the employees. This paper presents a study aimed at clarifying the mediating role that work motivation plays in the relationship between the perceived transformational leadership style and workaholism. Based on the Self-Determination Theory and the Job Demands–Resources model, we hypothesized that transformational leadership should be directly related to the lower levels of workaholism, whereas the indirect effect of transformational leadership was expected to increase the levels of workaholism through work motivation of the employees. Two hundred and fifty Lithuanian employees participated in the empirical study. The results confirmed the expected relationship between transformational leadership and workaholism via work motivation showing that the negative role of transformational leadership in workaholism is explained by its positive influence on intrinsic motivation, as well as introjected, integrated, identified regulations, which, in turn, enhance the employees’ workaholism.
CD19+ CD24hi CD38hi Regulatory B Cells and Memory B Cells in Periodontitis: Association with Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are unique subpopulations of B cells with immune-regulating or immune-suppressing properties and play a role in peripheral tolerance. Due to the current limitations of human Breg studies among periodontal diseases, in the present study, we tried to analyze the change in circulating Bregs, pro-inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with periodontitis. Peripheral blood from 55 patients with stage 2 periodontitis and 20 healthy controls was analyzed using flow cytometry to evaluate the frequency of CD19+CD24+CD38+ Breg cells. ELISA was used to assess the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10, IL-35, and TGF-β. Increased proportions of Breg cells were observed in patients with stage 2 periodontitis compared to controls. Serum levels of cytokines were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis compared to controls. A significant positive correlation was observed between the frequencies of Breg cells and IL35 levels, IL10 levels, and TGF-β. In conclusion, our results suggest that the increase in peripheral Breg cells and serum cytokine levels among periodontitis patients seems to be closely associated with disease progression, a possible link between periodontitis, and systemic inflammatory process.
Does the renal portal valve exist in a raptor species? A study aimed at further evaluating the mechanism of toxicity of diclofenac in vultures

Diclofenac has been responsible for the deaths of millions of vultures on the Asian subcontinent. While the pathology of toxicity is well described, the mechanism of toxicity remains elusive. However, it was postulated that toxicity could be related to the unique avian renal vascular structure known as the renal portal valve and that that diclofenac altered valve functionality with subsequent renal ischaemia. While plausible, the valva renalis portalis has only been described in a small number of other bird species such as the chicken (Gallus domesticus), the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) and ostrich (Struthio camelus) but not a raptor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal anatomy and related vasculature of the Cape griffon vulture (Gyps coprotheres) (CGV), a species sensitive to the toxic effects of diclofenac, using gross anatomy, histology and vascular casting. The vasculature of the vulture was found to be almost identical to that of the domestic chicken with the valva renalis portalis present in the v. iliaca externa between the v. renalis renalis cranialis and the v. renalis caudalus. The valve was ring‐shaped with finger‐like processes and histologically was composed of smooth muscle. The valve was also well vascularized and was associated with a nerve plexus. Based on the findings of this study, the proposed mechanism of toxicity is anatomically possible.
Dependent Personality in Depressed Older Adults: A Case Report and Systematic Review

Personality pathology in older adults is largely understudied. Here, we present a case report of an older adult who presented to an inpatient geriatric psychiatry unit with dependent personality traits in the context of chronic major depressive disorder, followed by a systematic review of the literature to identify research regarding the diagnosis and prevalence of dependent personality in depressed older adults. We identified 11 studies relevant to this topic. Synthesis of these data revealed that dependent personality is generally more common in depressed older adults compared to other personality disorders. However, studies were limited by small sample sizes and the use of assessments not validated for use in older adults. Therefore, it is difficult to draw conclusions from the available data. Potential implications for patient outcomes and health care services utilization are discussed. Our review highlights the need for larger scale research and personality assessments which are sensitive to age-related factors in order to draw evidence-based conclusions.
Kunzea acicularis, K. strigosa and K. similis subsp. mediterranea (Myrtaceae) - new taxa from near Ravensthorpe, Western Australia

Toelken, H.R. & Craig, G.F. Kunzea acicularis, K. strigosa and K. similis subsp. mediterranea (Myrtaceae) - new taxa from near Ravensthorpe, Western Australia. Nuytsia 17: 385-396 (2007). A re-assessment of additional material in the Kunzea preissiana Schauer and K. similis Toelken complexes resulted in two new species and a subspecies being described: K. acicularis Toelken & G.F. Craig, K. strigosa Toelken & G.F. Craig and K. similis subsp. mediterranea Toelken & G.F. Craig. A revised key to Kunzea Rchb. subsect. Floridae Toelken, a table of characters for critical species in the K. preissiana complex, and detailed discussions are provided.
Assessment of Community Interventions for Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Key Points Question Are community interventions aimed to improve bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation associated with outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the communities that received interventions? Findings This systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 studies including 21 266 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests found that community interventions were associated with better out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates; the difference for both outcomes was approximately 1.3-fold with vs without community interventions. Despite moderate to high interstudy heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses supported the main result. Meaning The results of this study suggest that community interventions may be associated with better rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and patient survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.