Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current and temperature controlled variable inductance in superconducting microstrip lines

The inductance of superconducting microstrip lines is measured both as a function of current and temperature. The measurements are performed at 10 MHz for both meander and straight lines by using a multi-frequency LCR meter. The normal state resistance is observed to follow a linear temperature dependence with a slope of 3.59/spl times/10/sup -3//K for the straight line and with a slope of 2.96/spl times/10/sup -3//K for the meander line. The change in inductance is well described by a quadratic dependence on temperature. This result is consistent with an unconventional pairing state. As for the dependence on the bias current, the inductance shows a squared dependence on the bias current. The results for the current- and temperature-controlled inductance are in good agreement with an equation derived using the Ginzburg-Landau theory for the case of thin films.
Sine-Generated Curves: Theoretical and Empirical Notes

Sine-generated curves belong to a class of intrinsic functions which describe a curve by specifying its “direction angle”. The curve is determined by ω, the maximum angle which the curve makes with the horizontal, and the fact that the direction angle changes in a sinusoidal fashion along the path. Sine-generated curves are shown to be excellent approximations to the path of minimal average curvature, and expressions for radius of curvature and curve sinuosity are derived.
Entropy dimensions and a class of constructive examples

Motivated by the study of actions of $\Z^{2}$ and more general groups, and their non-cocompact subgroup actions, we investigate entropy-type invariants for deterministic systems. In particular, we define a new isomorphism invariant, the entropy dimension, and look at its behaviour on examples. We also look at other natural notions suitable for processes.
650nm red VCSELs with improved temperature performance

In this paper, we report on design optimization, design, and fabrication of single-junction red VCSELs emitting at the wavelength of ~650nm with improved power and temperature performance. This has been achieved through redesigning the VCSEL epitaxial structure by optimizing the number of top and bottom mirror pairs to reduce the optical losses, optimizing p-DBRs’ doping concentration levels, changing the oxide layer thickness and position relative to the active region, and adjusting the wavelength detuning between peak wavelength of the gain medium and the Fabry-Perot dip wavelength. Moreover, several changes have been implemented to improve the carrier confinement in the active region to improve the performance of these devices at higher temperatures. These include optimizing the net strain across the active region, modifying the electron blocking layers, and also optimizing the number and thickness of InGaP-based multiple quantum wells. The CW characterization results indicate a record-high output optical power of 4.25mW at room temperature for a 14μm VCSEL. The temperature-variable L-I-V characterization results indicate a maximum lasing temperature of 50°C for the 14μm VCSEL, while the 5μm device has shown to be lasing up to 80°C. All devices have shown to be highly multi-mode spectrally, but with different far-field beam profiles. Moreover, the results indicate that the output light from these devices are strongly polarized in the <011> direction. Overall, the results depict a promising roadmap into developing high brightness red VCSELs which have superior performance over a broad temperature range
If you care I care: role of Green Human Resource Management in employees green behaviors

Abstract This purpose of this study is to examine the underline mechanism (i.e. green employee empowerment (GEE)) between the relationship of green human resource management (GHRM) and green knowledge sharing (GKS) of employees. Additionally, is to examine the moderating effect of individual green value (IGV) between the relationship of GEE and GKS behaviors. Survey method was used to collect the data from employees working in manufacturing organizations of Pakistan. The study hypotheses were test with a usable sample of 359 through SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. The findings explain that GHRM has positive influence on GEE, and GEE positively influence GKS behaviors. Further, the results confirmed that GEE mediated the relationship of GHRM and GKS behaviors. Moreover, the findings also established the moderating role of IGV between the relationship of GEE and GKS behaviors such as the relationship is strengthened at high level of IGV. Also, based on the finding, implication for theory and practice, and directions for future research are discussed.
Observation with the VLA of a stationary loop structure on the sun at 6 centimeter wavelength

A looplike structure connecting two sunspots of opposite polarity in an active region has been observed at 6 cm with a resolution of 3.5 arcsec, using the Very Large Array. This loop structure is reminiscent of the X-ray loops, as observed, for example, from Skylab. The brightness temperature in the 'loop' is one-million K and five-million K near its foot points. Most of the bright peaks in the 'loop' are well aligned with a long neutral line. Several compact, highly circularly polarized emission peaks were observed over emerging flux regions near one of the spots. Some of these sources appear to be associated with arch filament systems. The low brightness emission in the 'loop' is attributed to optically thin thermal bremsstrahlung.
Development of an accessible CPR device to improve outcomes for Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) are a relatively common cause of death with 350,000 people suffering from an OHCA and only 12% of patients surviving said incidents. Though biological factors significantly affect heart attack outcomes, environmental factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) disproportionately affect much of the population, and especially minority groups. Especially in an environment with inadequate medical infrastructure, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be the only means of saving a patient’s life in the event of an OHCA. Currently, CPR training courses and automated external defibrillators (AED) serve as solutions to combat OHCA and achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), yet they are quite limited in their accessibility, cost being a significant contributing factor to this issue. Though CPR training courses are an essential resource for the general public, populations with lower SES lack resources and access to these courses, let alone equipment such as AEDs. Additionally, AEDs lack true mobility due to their size, weight, and maintenance. This paper proposes a design of a novel, inexpensive, and portable device that may be able to appropriately guide bystanders, regardless of previous training, to perform the CPR possible on an OHCA patient, providing prospects of anybody with the ability to significantly increase the survival rate of OHCAs, regardless of SES. Working on the principles of accelerometry and metronome usage, this device can provide feedback based on compression rate and depth for improvement. Future research should focus on testing the feasibility and efficacy of the individual functions of the device.
Discussion about the Latest Findings on the Possible Relation between Air Particulate Matter and COVID-19

Since SARS-CoV-2 was identified, the scientific community has tried to understand the variables that can influence its spread. Several studies have already highlighted a possible link between particulate matter (PM) and COVID-19. This work is a brief discussion about the latest findings on this topic, highlighting the gaps in the current results and possible tips for future studies. Based on the literature outcomes, PM is suspected to play a double role in COVID-19: a chronic and an acute one. The chronic role is related to the possible influence of long-term and short-term exposure to high concentrations of PM in developing severe forms of COVID-19, including death. The acute role is linked to the possible carrier function of PM in SARS-CoV-2. The scientific community seems sure that the inflammatory effect on the respiratory system of short-term exposure to a high concentration of PM, and other additional negative effects on human health in cases of longer exposure, increases the risk of developing a more severe form of COVID-19 in cases of contagion. On the contrary, the results regarding PM acting as a carrier of SARS-CoV-2 are more conflicting, especially regarding the possible inactivation of the virus in the environment, and no final explanation on the possible acute role of PM in the spread of COVID-19 can be inferred.
Parameterizations of Sea-Spray Impact on the Air-Sea Momentum and Heat Fluxes

AbstractThis paper focuses on parameterizing the effect of sea spray at hurricane-strength winds on the momentum and heat fluxes in weather prediction models using the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (a common framework for the parameterizations of air–sea fluxes). In this scheme, the mass-density effect of sea spray is considered as an additional modification to the stratification of the near-surface profiles of wind, temperature, and moisture in the marine surface boundary layer (MSBL). The overall impact of sea-spray droplets on the mean profiles of wind, temperature, and moisture depends on the wind speed at the level of sea-spray generation. As the wind speed increases, the mean droplet size and the mass flux of sea-spray increase, rendering an increase of stability in the MSBL and the leveling-off of the surface drag. Sea spray also tends to increase the total air–sea sensible and latent heat fluxes at high winds. Results from sensitivity testing of the scheme in a numerical weather prediction model.
The Influence of Single Whole-Body Cryostimulation on Cytokine Status and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers during Exhaustive Physical Effort: A Crossover Study

The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of single whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) preceding submaximal exercise on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in professional, male athletes. The subjects (n = 32, age 25.2 ± 37) were exposed to low temperatures (−130 °C) in a cryochamber and then participated in 40 min of exercise (85% HRmax). Two weeks afterwards, the control exercise (without WBC) was performed. Blood samples were taken before the start of the study, immediately after the WBC procedure, after exercise preceded by WBC (WBC exercise) and after exercise without WBC. It has been shown that catalase activity after WBC exercise is lower in comparison with activity after control exercise. The interleukin 1β (IL-1-1β) level was higher after control exercise than after WBC exercise, after the WBC procedure and before the start of the study (p < 0.01). The WBC procedure interleukin 6 (IL-6) level was compared with the baseline level (p < 0.01). The level of Il-6 was higher both after WBC exercise and after control exercise compared with the level recorded after the WBC procedure (p < 0.05). Several significant correlations between the studied parameters were shown. In conclusion, the changes in the cytokine concentration in the athletes’ blood confirm that body exposition to extremely low temperatures before exercise could regulate the inflammatory reaction course and secretion of cytokines during exercise. A single session of WBC in the case of well-trained, male athletes does not significantly affect the level of oxidative stress indicators.
HYDROLOGIC VERIFICATION A Call for Action and Collaboration

Traditionally, little attention has been focused on the systematic verification of operational hydrologic forecasts. This paper summarizes the results of forecast verification from 15 river basins in the United States. The verification scores for these forecast locations do not show improvement over the periods of record despite a number of forecast process improvements. In considering a root cause for these results, the authors note that the current paradigm for designing hydrologic forecast process improvements is driven by expert opinion and not by objective verification measures. The authors suggest that this paradigm should be modified and objective verification metrics should become the primary driver for hydrologic forecast process improvements.
Refined Prototypical Contrastive Learning for Few-Shot Hyperspectral Image Classification

Recently, prototypical network-based few-shot learning (FSL) has been introduced for small-sample hyperspectral image (HSI) classification and has shown good performance. However, existing prototypical-based FSL methods have two problems: prototype instability and domain shift between training and testing datasets. To solve these problems, we propose a refined prototypical contrastive learning network for FSL (RPCL-FSL) in this article, which incorporates supervised contrastive learning (CL) and FSL into an end-to-end network to perform small-sample HSI classification. To stabilize and refine the prototypes, RPCL-FSL imposes triple constraints on prototypes of the support set, i.e., CL-, self-calibration (SC)-, and cross-calibration (CC)-based constraints. The CL module imposes an internal constraint on the prototypes aiming to directly improve the prototypes using support set samples in the CL framework, and the SC and CC modules impose external constraints on the prototypes by using the prediction loss of support set samples and the query set prototypes, respectively. To alleviate a domain shift in the FSL, a fusion training strategy is designed to reduce the feature differences between training and testing datasets. Experimental results on three HSI datasets demonstrate that the proposed RPCL-FSL outperforms existing state-of-the-art deep learning and FSL methods.
Relationship between emotional intelligence and learning motivation among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A serial mediation model

The vital influence of emotional intelligence on college students’ learning motivation has received considerable attention. This study analyzed not only the relationship between emotional intelligence and college students’ learning motivation during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also the serial mediating roles that self-efficacy and social support play in this relationship. Using a cross-sectional survey design, we collected data from 336 college students across 30 provinces in China, using four well-established scales measuring emotional intelligence, learning motivation, self-efficacy, and social support. We analyzed the mediating effects using the Bootstrap method. The results showed that emotional intelligence positively predicted learning motivation, and that self-efficacy and social support played serial mediating roles between emotional intelligence and learning motivation. This finding suggests the need for interventions to help college students develop emotional intelligence during the COVID-19 pandemic, and that fostering college students’ self-efficacy and providing multiple social supports would help improve their motivation and academic performance.
Physical characteristics of TTV03, a new high spatial resolution time-of-flight positron tomograph

TTV03, a novel high-spatial-resolution TOF-PET (time-of-flight positron emission tomography) system, is presented. The machine consists of four 89-cm-diameter rings made of 7-mm-wide, 18-mm-high, 45-mm-deep BaF/sub 2/ crystals (324 per ring) individually coupled to 11-mm-diameter phototubes. The transaxial resolution (full width at half maximum or FWHM) in the reconstructed image is 5.7 mm at center, 5.7 mm (tangential), and 6.5 mm (radial) at 10 cm. The axial resolution is 8.8 mm (direct plane) and 6.7 mm (crossplane) at center, and 10.3 mm (direct) and 11.2 mm (cross) at 10 cm from center. With a 150-keV threshold, the TOF resolution is 750 ps (FWHM), and, with a 4.18-ns coincidence window, the sensitivity (true evts/s per mu Ci/cm/sup 3/) is 9800 (direct plane) and 14300 (crossplane). At 1 mu Ci/cm/sup 3/, the ratio of random events to true events is . 20 for the total and . 03 per image element, and the scatter fraction is 22%. Dead time losses are 8.3% at 2.5 mu Ci/cm/sup 3/ (four rings), but the tomograph can handle activities over 50 mu Ci/cm/sup 3/ in small regions with negligible losses. These characteristics make TTV03 particularly suitable for dynamic brain and heart H/sub 2//sup 15/ bolus studies. >
What Really Drives Loyalty in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Market?

This article seeks to determine the real drivers of customer loyalty in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) market. The study uses beer consumers in Lithuania as an empirical base for the research. A combination of qualitative (experiment) and quantitative (cross-sectional study and partial least squares structural equation modelling) research techniques are applied. The results reveal that loyalty in the FMCG market is driven by purchase frequency, promotion, price and perceived quality via moderating variables such as brand trust and brand satisfaction. Moreover, they demonstrate that consumers mostly do not recognize their favourite product among similar products; therefore, taste properties or other physical attributes of some FMCG products do not significantly contribute to the formation of brand loyalty. JEL classification: M31, M39
How Do COVID-19 Risk, Life-Safety Risk, Job Insecurity, and Work–Family Conflict Affect Miner Performance? Health-Anxiety and Job-Anxiety Perspectives

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has created challenging working conditions in coal-production activities. In addition to the massive loss of resources for miners, it has had a devastating impact on these individuals’ mental health. Based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory and a resource-loss perspective, this study examined the impact of COVID-19 risk, life-safety risk, perceived job insecurity, and work–family conflict on miners’ job performance. Moreover, this study investigated the mediating role of job anxiety (JA) and health anxiety (HA). The study data were collected through online structured questionnaires disseminated to 629 employees working in a coal mine in China. The data analysis and hypothesis generation were conducted using the structural equation modeling (partial least squares) method. The results demonstrated that the perception of COVID-19 risk, life-safety risk, job insecurity, and work–family conflict negatively and significantly impacted miners’ job performance. In addition, JA and HA negatively mediated the relationships between the perception of COVID-19 risk, life-safety risk, perceived job insecurity, work–family conflict, and job performance. The findings of this study can give coal-mining companies and their staff useful insights into how to minimize the pandemic’s effects on their operations.
InP DHBT Analytical Modeling: Toward THz Transistors

InP double heterojunction bipolar transistors (InP DHBTs) are one of the key technologies considered for terahertz (THz) applications. The improvement of their frequency performance is challenging and strongly dependent on various parameters (manufacturing process, geometry, and epitaxial structure). In this article, a novel method is developed to take into account these parameters and predict the frequency performance of the technology. This approach consists of rebuilding the S-parameter matrix of the small-signal model. Elements of the small signal model are identified, and their assessment is described in detail. Once calibrated with the present state-of-the-art device features, the model shows a good agreement with the measurements. Based on this result, analysis of the emitter and base technological features are performed along with optimizations of the vertical structure. Finally, the necessary optimizations for developing a THz transistor are detailed. This works provides guidelines for technological improvement and opens the way for designing transistors operating at frequencies above a THz.
A key driver to promote HCC: Cellular crosstalk in tumor microenvironment

Liver cancer is the third greatest cause of cancer-related mortality, which of the major pathological type is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for more than 90%. HCC is characterized by high mortality and is predisposed to metastasis and relapse, leading to a low five-year survival rate and poor clinical prognosis. Numerous crosstalk among tumor parenchymal cells, anti-tumor cells, stroma cells, and immunosuppressive cells contributes to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), in which the function and frequency of anti-tumor cells are reduced with that of associated pro-tumor cells increasing, accordingly resulting in tumor malignant progression. Indeed, sorting out and understanding the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of cellular crosstalk in TME is crucial to discover more key targets and specific biomarkers, so that develop more efficient methods for early diagnosis and individualized treatment of liver cancer. This piece of writing offers insight into the recent advances in HCC-TME and reviews various mechanisms that promote HCC malignant progression from the perspective of mutual crosstalk among different types of cells in TME, aiming to assist in identifying the possible research directions and methods in the future for discovering new targets that could prevent HCC malignant progression.
Extra Lateral Pin or Less Radiation? A Comparison of Two Different Pin Configurations in the Treatment of Supracondylar Humerus Fracture

Background: Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation are the most commonly used methods in the surgical treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures. The pin configuration changes stability and is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between surgical duration and radiation dose/duration for different pinning fixations. Methods: A total of 48 patients with Gartland type 2, 3, and 4 supracondylar fractures of the humerus were randomized into two groups—2 lateral and 1 medial (2L1M) pin fixation (n = 26) and 1 lateral 1 medial (1L1M) pin fixation (n = 22). A primary assessment was performed regarding surgical duration, radiation duration, and radiation dose. A secondary assessment included clinical outcome, passive range of motion, radiographic measurements, Flynn’s criteria, and complications. Results: There were 26 patients in the first group (2L1M) and 22 patients in the second group (1L1M). There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding age, sex, type of fracture, or Flynn’s criteria. The overall mean surgical duration with 1L1M fixation (30.59 ± 8.72) was statistically lower (p = 0.001) when compared to the 2L1M Kirschner wire K-wire fixation (40.61 ± 8.25). The mean radiation duration was 0.76 ± 0.33 s in the 1L1M K-wire fixation and 1.68 ± 0.55 s in the 2L1M K-wire fixation. The mean radiation dose of the 2L1M K-wire fixation (2.45 ± 1.15 mGy) was higher than that of the 1L1M K-wire fixation (0.55 ± 0.43 mGy) (p = 0.000). Conclusions: The current study shows that although there is no difference between the clinical and radiological outcomes, radiation dose exposure is significantly lower for the 1L1M fixation method.