Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NUTRITIONAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL RESPONSES IN CEREAL GRAINS TO HEAT-RELATED PROCESSING METHODS

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xiii 1 General Introduction . 1 2 Literature Review . 4 2.1 Structure of Cereal Grain Seeds (Wheat, Triticale and Corn) . 4 2.2 The Nutritional Values of Cereal Grains . 5 2.2.1 Wheat . 8 2.2.2 Triticale . 9 2.2.3 Corn . 10 2.3 Heat Treatments . 11 2.3. 1 Mechanism of Heat Treatments . 11 2.3. 2 Heat Processed Cereals Fed to Ruminants . 12 2.4 Conventional Feed Evaluation . 13 2.4. 1 Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS, version 6) . 13 2.4. 2 The Estimation of Energy Values . 15 2.4. 3 The Estimation of Rumen Kinetics Using in situ Technique . 16 2.4. 4 Prediction of Truly Protein Supply in Small Intestine Using Models . 17
Detecting seismic activity with a covariance matrix analysis of data recorded on seismic arrays

L. Seydoux,1 N.M. Shapiro,1,2 J. de Rosny,3 F. Brenguier4 and M. Landès1 1Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR CNRS 7154, F-75005 Paris, France. E-mail: seydoux@ipgp.fr 2Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FEB RAS, 9 Piip Boulevard, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia 3ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS, Institut Langevin, PSL Research University, 1 rue Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France 4Institut des Sciences de la Terre, UMR CNRS 5275, F-38041 Grenoble, France
Size characteristics of sediment in interrill overland flow on a semiarid hillslope, Southern Arizona

This study examines the size characteristics of sediment removed from a semiarid hillslope by interrill overland flow. Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted on a runoff plot 18 m wide and 35 m long established on a piedmont hillslope in southern Arizona. The top of the plot coincided with the hillslope divide, and its outlet was located within a shallow rill. Samples of runoff were obtained from two cross-sections located in the interrill portion of the plot upslope of the rill and from a calibrated flume through which was directed interrill overland flow reaching the bottom of the plot. Analyses of sediment contained in these samples showed that sediment in interrill flow is finer than the matrix soil. The fineness of the interrill sediment compared to the matrix soil appears to be due to the inability of interrill overland flow to transport the coarser fraction of the sediment supplied to it by raindrop detachment. This finding implies that the rate of soil erosion in interrill areas is not. as is commonly supposed, limited by the rate at which raindrops can detach sediment but by the rate at which they detach sediment of a size that the overland flow is competent to transport. The relative fineness of sediment eroded from this hillslope is consistent with other evidence for the recent evolution of shrub-covered hillslopes in southern Arizona.
Mesozoic–Cenozoic exhumation and volcanism in Northern Ireland constrained by AFTA and compaction data from the Larne No. 2 borehole

ABSTRACT There have been many studies into the post-Palaeozoic exhumation history of the Irish Sea basin system, which is thought by some to be the locus of Cenozoic exhumation in the British Isles. Few studies, however, have sought to constrain the history of Mesozoic–Cenozoic vertical motions in Northern Ireland, where the geological record of this time period is comparatively complete. Post-Triassic rocks are missing from large parts of the Irish Sea, but sediments of Lower Jurassic, Upper Cretaceous and Oligocene age are found in Northern Ireland, in addition to the Paleocene flood basalts of the Antrim Lava Group. Here we present apatite fission-track analysis (AFTA) and sedimentary rock compaction data from the Larne No. 2 borehole, NE Northern Ireland, which penetrated a c. 2.9 km thick Permian–Triassic succession intruded by Palaeogene dykes and sills. We show that the preserved section was more deeply buried by up to 2.45 km of Upper Triassic–Lower Jurassic sediments that were removed during exhumation episodes beginning during the mid-Jurassic and early Cretaceous. Our results suggest limited early Palaeogene exhumation, which is consistent with the preservation of Upper Cretaceous Chalks beneath the Antrim Lava Group. They also indicate deeper burial of the preserved section by up to 1.3 km prior to late Cenozoic exhumation. This additional section could include a substantial thickness of Paleocene basalt, which provides a likely explanation for the anomalously low porosities of the Chalk in Northern Ireland.
Water incorporation in omphacite; concentrations and compositional relations in ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from Pohorje, Eastern Alps

Omphacite in ultra-high pressure (UH P ) eclogites from the Pohorje Mountains in Slovenia, south-eastern Alps, has been investigated by electron microprobe (EMP), infra-red (IR) and Mossbauer spectroscopy to determine OH concentrations and related incorporation mechanisms. Results from polarized IR measurements reveal high contents of structurally bound OH, varying from 530 to 870 ppm H 2 O. Characterization of omphacite composition by EMP analysis and Mossbauer spectroscopy shows that all samples contain vacancies at the M2 position, which can be expressed as a Ca-Eskola component (Ca 0.5 □ 0.5 AlSi 2 O 6 ). The amount of the Ca-Eskola component displays a positive correlation with the OH concentration, which confirms results from previous studies. The occurrence of precipitated quartz rods in some samples indicates that primary omphacite contained a larger Ca-Eskola component. Extrapolation of the observed trend-line for the Ca-Eskola and OH contents point to an original OH concentration around 1500 ppm H 2 O for these samples. The high water contents observed in omphacite are considered to be linked to the UH P origin of the eclogite rocks.
RAINFALL-STREAMFLOW RELATIONS FOR COASTAL PLAIN WATERSHEDS

The objective of this article was to develop hydrologic information needed for nonpoint source water quality screening and assessment on agricultural watersheds in the Gulf-Atlantic Coastal Plain of the southeastern U.S. The USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) has instrumented study areas in the Coastal Plain that provide rainfall and streamflow data from seven agricultural watersheds ranging from 15.7 to 334 km2 (6.0-129 mi2). Hydrologic budgets were developed for Little River experimental watersheds using long-term (up to 25 yr) water balance analyses and results of previous USDA-ARS research. The primary water balance loss component was evapotranspiration, which accounted for 69% of annual rainfall. Streamflow, the other major loss component, accounted for 30% of annual rainfall. Water balance analyses provide insight into the relative magnitudes of hydrologic budget components and their interactions that is useful for understanding landscape and watershed scale hydrologic and water quality processes on Coastal Plain watersheds where hydrologic response is influenced by riparian storage. Two forms of simple rainfall-streamflow relationships were evaluated for estimating annual water yields: constant percentage (runoff coefficient) relations and linear rainfall-streamflow regressions. Annual runoff coefficients, which averaged 0.30 for the study areas, were related to relative watershed riparian area. Watershed riparian area was more effective than upland land use for predicting annual runoff coefficients. Simple linear rainfall-streamflow regressions were found to more adequately represent year-toyear variability in streamflow production. Use of linear regression models eliminates the bias in water yield estimates inherent to constant percentage relations. Averages of 716 to 772 mm (28.2-30.4 in.) of rainfall were required annually to meet evapotranspiration and other losses on study areas before significant streamflow was produced. About 75% of rainfall in excess of the threshold was measured as streamflow. The effect of rainfall distribution on annual streamflow volume was evident, with two distinct seasons for production of streamflow noted. Rainfall-streamflow relations developed provide regional hydrologic information needed for nonpoint source water quality screening and assessment, and for water resources planning and management on low-gradient, humid region watersheds of the Coastal Plain of the southeastern U.S.
Brain-Behavior Relationships of Trust in Shared Space Human-Robot Collaboration

Trust in human-robot collaboration is an essential consideration that relates to operator performance, utilization, and experience. While trust’s importance is understood, the state-of-the-art methods to study trust in automation, like surveys, drastically limit the types of insights that can be made. Improvements in measuring techniques can provide a granular understanding of influencers like robot reliability and their subsequent impact on human behavior and experience. This investigation quantifies the brain-behavior relationships associated with trust manipulation in shared space human-robot collaboration (HRC) to advance the scope of metrics to study trust. Thirty-eight participants, balanced by sex, were recruited to perform an assembly task with a collaborative robot under reliable and unreliable robot conditions. Brain imaging, psychological and behavioral eye-tracking, quantitative and qualitative performance, and subjective experiences were monitored. Results from this investigation identify specific information processing and cognitive strategies that result in identified trust-related behaviors, that were found to be sex-specific. The use of covert measurements of trust can reveal insights that humans cannot consciously report, thus shedding light on processes systematically overlooked by subjective measures. Our findings connect a trust influencer (robot reliability) to upstream cognition and downstream human behavior and are enabled by the utilization of granular metrics.
Genetic variability, Correlation and Path Analysis for Quantitative Characters in Rainfed Upland Rice of Uttarakhand Hills

Genetic parameter, correlation coefficients among yield and yield components, direct and indirect effect of yield components on yield were studied in eighteen rice genotypes under rainfed ecosystem for fifteen quantitative traits. The analysis of variance revealed that there were highly significant differences for all the characters among the genotypes. The estimate of GCV and PCV was found to be highest for grain yield per plot followed by fertile grains per panicle and grains per panicle. The broad sense heritability was highest for plant height and fertile grains per panicle (98.14%) followed by grains per panicle (97.74%), days to 50 per cent flowering (95.18) and days to maturity (94.71). The estimate of genetic advance was found to be highest for grains per panicle and fertile grains per panicle. The number of grains per panicle and fertile grains per *Corresponding author : jayprakashaditya@gmail.com panicle had high heritability as well as high genetic advance. The phenotypic correlation coefficient among fifteen traits showed that grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with plant height, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, panicle length, grains per panicle, fertile grains per panicle, kernel length and L/B ratio. The estimates of direct and indirect effect revealed that L/B ratio had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by kernel width, grains per panicle, and tillers per plant.
Very High Resolution Tomographic SAR Inversion for Urban Infrastructure Monitoring — A Sparse and Nonlinear Tour

The topic of this thesis is very high resolution (VHR) tomographic SAR inversion for urban infrastructure monitoring. To this end, SAR tomography and differential SAR tomography are demonstrated using TerraSAR-X spotlight data for providing 3-D and 4-D (spatial-temporal) maps of an entire high rise city area including layover separation and estimation of deformation of the buildings. A compressive sensing based estimator (SL1MMER) tailored to VHR SAR data is developed for tomographic SAR inversion by exploiting the sparsity of the signal. A systematic performance assessment of the algorithm is performed regarding elevation estimation accuracy, super-resolution and robustness. A generalized time warp method is proposed which enables differential SAR tomography to estimate multi-component nonlinear motion. All developed methods are validated with both simulated and extensive processing of large volumes of real data from TerraSAR-X.
Effect of different broodstock diets on breeding performance of the critically endangered peninsular carp Hypselobarbus pulchellus (Day, 1870)

Effect of different broodstock diets on breeding performance of the critically endangered peninsular carp Hypselobarbus pulchellus (Day, 1870) was evaluated. Male and female fish were reared in earthen ponds and fed one of the following diets viz. (i) Control - Fishmeal based feed (crude protein, CP- 35%); (ii) Control feed supplemented at 2% with a commercial product used for lipid regulation in poultry (LC feed) and (iii) Specially formulated diet (CP 35%) with horse gram and black gram in addition to fishmeal (PB feed). Breeding trials were first conducted in 2019. No significant difference in fecundity was recorded among fish from different groups. The experiment was repeated in 2020, where, the Control feed was fed to fish maintained in a pond with aquatic weed Vallisneria spiralis (C+V treatment). Highest relative fecundity and spawn to fry survival was obtained with C+V treatment, there being no significant difference among other breeding performance parameters between treatments. The study indicated that the presence of submerged aquatic plants in the culture environment improves the breeding performance of H. pulchellus. Keywords: Broodstock diet, Fecundity, Induced breeding, Puntius pulchellus
Overview of Communication Activities and a Plan to Improve Public Perception of Food Additives

Food additives are considered a high-risk factor by the EU and Slovenian consumers, although they are strictly regulated by the authorities and pose a low risk to consumers. However, risk communication about food additives is challenging and involves the interactive exchange of information about hazards, taking into account the risk perception of the target groups. A plan for communication activities aimed at improving public perception of food additives was structured based on the review of scientific literature and the overview of previous communication efforts communicated by various information sources to raise awareness among the Slovenian public from January 2015 to January 2022. The overview included governmental and nongovernmental organizations that are credible sources of information on food safety for Slovenian consumers at the national and EU level. The objective was to develop an effective communication plan on food additives with defined objectives, target groups, key communication messages, communication activities, tools, and channels. The proposed plan can serve as a good basis for launching an effective awareness campaign on food additives to reduce public concern and improve the knowledge of averageconsumers about the use of additives in food.
ADRB2 and ACE Gene Polymorphisms in COPD Susceptibility

Objectives: Recent studies have established that rs1042713 and rs1042714 polymorphisms in the ADRB2 and rs4646994 in the ACE gene may have an influence on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development and its severity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of ACE and ADRB2 gene polymorphisms with COPD. Methods: 100 patients with COPD and 100 healthy volunteers were randomly involved in this case-control study. The gene polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: No significant differences were observed for allele and genotype frequencies of the rs4646994 polymorphism in the ACE gene between case and control groups (p > 0.05). Genotype frequencies of Gly/Gly16 (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.23-4.32, p = 0.027) and Gln/Gln27 (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.14-3.63, p = 0.044) of the ADRB2 gene were more prevalent in COPD patients than the controls. Also, the proportion of the Gly16+Gln27 haplotype was statistically different between both groups (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.65-4.15, p<0.001) Conclusion: There is no relation between the rs4646994 polymorphism in the ACE gene and COPD, but the homozygote Gly/Gly16 and Gln/Gln27 variations of the ADRB2 gene may increase the carrier’s susceptibility to the development of COPD.
Modeling regional and vertical variation effects when estimating soil nitrogen from loss on ignition.

Knowledge of soil total N stocks is potentially a useful basis for environmental planning and management and in the design of pollution abatement strategies. However, a shortage of data for soil total N deep in the soil profiles makes calculation of the total N pool in soils difficult. We have examined how regional and vertical variations are best taken into account when loss on ignition (LOI) is used to predict missing values of soil total N as measured by the semi-micro Kjeldahl method. Even though statistical tests indicated significant spatial variations, prediction error was little reduced by taking the spatial information into account (i.e. a 4.5% reduction), except for B and C horizon soils, where the reduction was larger by taking account of depth (25.0% and 14.3%). Therefore, one can predict total N (%) across a range of soils by multiplying LOI (%) by 0.020. This approach is useful when one uses published data with much more abundant LOI data for soil profiles than directly determined total N data. However, this can only be used to obtain a quick and approximate estimate of total N.
Optimization of Cross-Linked Cassava Starch Coating Formulation by Response Surface Methodology and Its Preservation Effects on ‘Shatangju’ Mandarin

In this study, cassava starch cross-linked using sodium trimetaphosphate was used as basic material to prepare the preservation coating agent. The addition levels of β-cyclodextrin, phytic acid and glycerol were optimized by response surface methodology with the comprehensive index of oil permeability (OP) and the water vapor permeability (WVP) of starch-based coating. The optimal formulation of the cross-linked cassava starch-based coating was as follows: 3 g/100 g cassava crosslinked starch, 0.7 g/100 g β-cyclodextrin, 0.5 g/100 g phytic acid, and 0.5 g/100 g glycerol. The preservation coating solution prepared by the optimized formula was applied to the postharvest storage of ‘Shatangju’ mandarins. The coating treatment effectively slowed down the decline of firmness during storage for 20 days at room temperature, reduced the decay rate (by 111.73%) and weight loss rate (by 43.40%), and inhibited the postharvest respiration (by 42.06%) of fruit. The soluble solid content, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content of the coated ‘Shatangju’ mandarins were higher 1.32 times, 1.55 times, and 1.52 times, respectively, compared with the corresponding indexes of the control fruits. All these results indicate that the coating treatment could effectively reduce the loss of nutrients, delay the wilting and decay, prolong the shelf life after harvest, and improve the commercial value of ‘Shatangju’ mandarins.
Efficacy and Tolerance of Antipsychotics Used for the Treatment of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review compared the efficacy and tolerance of oral antipsychotics (APDs) used in the treatment of schizophrenia following the PRISMA-P© statement (n = 21). The primary outcomes of interest were clinical response measured with symptoms’ improvement, tolerance to side effects and discontinuation reasons. There was better individual patients’ response to aripiprazole vs. ziprasidone and quetiapine ((CDSS p = 0.04), BPRS p = 0.02, YMRS p = 0.001) and ziprasidone vs. quetiapine (CGI p = 0.02, CDSS p = 0.02). Aripiprazole was more tolerated than risperidone, ziprasidone and quetiapine (p < 0.05). Quetiapine was more tolerated than aripiprazole, ziprasidone and risperidone (p < 0.05). Ziprasidone was more tolerated than quetiapine haloperidol and olanzapine (p < 0.05). Risperidone was more tolerated than olanzapine (p = 0.03) and haloperidol was more tolerated than olanzapine and quetiapine (p < 0.05). Olanzapine caused less discontinuation than quetiapine; quetiapine caused less discontinuation than ziprasidone, aripiprazole and haloperidol; ziprasidone caused less discontinuation than quetiapine, aripiprazole and haloperidol; aripiprazole caused less discontinuation than quetiapine, ziprasidone and olanzapine and olanzapine caused less discontinuation than ziprasidone and haloperidol (p < 0.05). It was concluded that individual patient clinical response, tolerance to side effects and life-threatening side effects remain the most reliable basis for selecting and continuing the use of APD.
Comparative Evaluation of Golden Proportion and Recurring Esthetic Dental (RED) Proportion in Natural Dental Esthetics

This study explores the differences between the distribution of Golden Proportion and Recurring Esthetic Dental (RED) Proportion in natural maxillary anterior teeth. Photographs of the subject’s anterior teeth were taken from the frontal view. The width ratios of canine to lateral incisor and lateral incisor to central incisor were calculated. The existence of the Golden Proportion was considered when the width ratios between canine to lateral incisor or lateral incisor to central incisor were within the range of 0.55–0.66. To evaluate the existence of RED proportion in each subject, the width ratio of canine to lateral incisor was compared with the width ratio of lateral incisor to central incisor. The distribution of the Golden proportion was observed in 66.7% and the RED proportion was observed in 22.2% of the natural dentition of the study population. The existence of the Golden proportion was significantly higher than the existence of the RED proportion in well-aligned natural dentition in the study population (P < 0.05). Clinicians may choose the Golden proportion over the RED proportion during the maxillary anterior esthetic treatment procedure.