Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimum seed rate and nitrogen fertilizer requirement of rice under semi-deepwater ecosystem.

The effect of varying seed rates (100-1000 seeds m -2 ) and nitrogen fertilizer (0-60 kg N ha -1 ) applied either in a single basal dose or in splits was investigated on a tall elongating, photosensitive rice variety, Nalini, under semi-deepwater conditions (0-100 cm) during 1993 and 1994 at Cuttack, India. Seedling emergence was higher in 1993 (53.9 %) than in 1994 (44.1%) and it increased proportionately with increasing seed rate. Increase in the number of tillers and panicles m -2 at higher seed rates was associated with a corresponding decrease in panicle weight. Regression analysis indicated a decrease of 0.91-1.28 g in panicle weight for an increase of 100 panicles m -2 . The grain yield of rice was significantly higher at 400 seeds m -2 in 1993 and at 600 seeds m -2 in 1994 than at low seed rates but further increase in seed rate did not increase the yield. Application of N fertilizer increased the panicle number and thereby grain yield significantly. The effect of basal and split applied N at active or maximum tillering stages as well as between 30 and 60 kg N ha -1 was not significant on the grain yield. The results suggest that a basal dose of 30 kg N ha -1 and seeding density of 400-600 seeds m -2 , resulting in 40-50 % seedling emergence and 150-200 panicles m -2 , each with 2.0-2.5 g weight, may be adequate for optimum productivity of rice under semideepwater conditions.
Image recoloring using specular decomposition and in-painting

ABSTRACT Image recoloring using wavelet transform, in-painting and dichromatic reflection model is proposed. Detailed wavelet bands are passed through a sharpening filter whereas the approximation band is passed through dichromatic reflection model to extract body and specular coefficients. In-painting and white illumination minimization using erosion and Gaussian blur further enhance the image quality. The proposed technique produces better results, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in terms of edge preservation and minimization of noise, artefacts in contrast to state-of-art existing techniques.
Iron age chronology and biblical history rejoinders: The late bronze/iron age transition, Tel ʿEton and Lachish

ABSTRACT In this article, I review three recent articles. In the first, Asscher and Boaretto (2018. ‘Absolute time ranges in the plateau of the Late Bronze to Iron Age transition and the appearance of Bichrome pottery in Canaan, Southern Levant’, Radiocarbon 60, 1–25) suggest that the Late Bronze/Iron I transition occurred in neighboring sites a century and more apart. In the second, Faust and Sapir (2018. ‘The “Governor's Residency” at Tel ʿEton, the United Monarchy and the impact of the old-house effect on large-scale archaeological reconstructions’, Radiocarbon 60, 801–820.) date the construction of a solid building at Tel ʿEton to the tenth century bce and interpret this as validation for the historicity of the United Monarchy of ancient Israel. In the third, Garfinkel et al. (2019a. ‘Lachish fortifications and state formation in the Biblical kingdom of Judah in light of radiometric datings’, Radiocarbon 61, 1–18) announce the discovery of a city-wall belonging to Level V at Lachish, and affiliate it with the building operations of King Rehoboam of Judah, described in 2 Chronicles. Scrutiny of the methods and facts dismisses all three theories.
Change in filter‐screen morphology and depth selection: Uncoupled responses of Daphnia to the presence of filamentous cyanobacteria

In many eutrophic lakes, ability to cope with filamentous cyanobacteria is crucial to Daphnia fitness, as the filaments can reduce food intake by interference with food‐particle retention. Two basic mechanisms were proposed to explain food collection by Daphnia: mechanical sieving, in which filtering appendages act as sieves, and direct interception, in which appendages act as paddles and water does not pass through. As was recently suggested, both mechanisms may be active, and their relative importance is determined by the Reynolds number on filtering appendages. Mechanical sieving seems particularly sensitive to the interference from filamentous cyanobacteria, which can clog the meshes while passing through the filtering chamber. We therefore hypothesized that in the presence of filaments, Daphnia minimizes the interference with filtration by decreasing the Reynolds number on the filters and by thus reducing the relative importance of sieving. To test this hypothesis, we examined the responses of nine clones of the Daphnia longispina group to the presence of nontoxic, filamentous cyanobacteria. The presence of cyanobacteria triggered in Daphnia responses of both behavioral (descending to deep, cold waters) and morphological nature (decreased intersetal and intersetular distances in the filtering apparatus). Both responses led to a decrease in the Reynolds number on the filters. Moreover, the two responses were inversely correlated: individuals with larger meshes descended to colder strata than did those with smaller meshes. These modifications of phenotype are regarded as adaptive, since they allow for minimized filamentinduced interference with the filtration process.
Expanding Analyses of Path Creation: Interconnections between Territory and Technology

Abstract Theoretically and conceptually, evolutionary economic geography has paid little attention to technological characteristics when explaining the emergence of new industries. Building on the literature on technological innovation systems, the article develops a framework for investigating interconnections between territorial dynamics and technological characteristics in path creation processes. The theoretical argument is operationalized in an analytical framework that is applied in empirical investigation of two green technologies and their linkages to the region of southwestern Norway, namely, carbon capture and storage and maritime battery technology. As illustrated by the empirical investigation, territorial dynamics or technological characteristics alone do not explain path creation. Rather, interconnections between the two and how interconnections play out in time and space are considered focal.
Defective TNF-α-Induced Apoptosis in STAT1-Null Cells Due to Low Constitutive Levels of Caspases

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) enhance transcription of specific genes in response to cytokines and growth factors. STAT1 is also required for efficient constitutive expression of the caspases Ice, Cpp32, and Ich-1 in human fibroblasts. As a consequence, STAT1-null cells are resistant to apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Reintroduction of STAT1alpha restored both TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis and the expression of Ice, Cpp32, and Ich-1. Variant STAT1 proteins carrying point mutations that inactivate domains required for STAT dimer formation nevertheless restored protease expression and sensitivity to apoptosis, indicating that the functions of STAT1 required for these activities are different from those that mediate induced gene expression.
Leadership competencies and the essential role of human resource development in times of crisis: a response to Covid-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to investigate the roles of domestic and global leaders and organizations to COVID-19 and to consider the new role(s) of Human Resource Development (HRD) based on the ramifications of pandemics in general, and COVID-19 in particular. The research questions guiding this work are: What are the leadership competencies required during and post times of crisis? And What roles do human resource development practitioners envision to support their organizations during and post times of crisis? In this manuscript, we provide several themes, based on the literature and case studies from international and domestic contexts, that we see as essential competencies for leadership practices in response to a global crisis. We explored leadership competencies required in the time of crises, followed by exploring cases of best practices of leadership in different contexts, followed by reflections on new roles for HRD researchers and practitioners post a global crisis.
Interference Mitigation in Large-Scale Multiuser Molecular Communication

In recent years, communicating information using molecules via diffusion has attracted significant interest in bio-medical applications. To date, most of the studies have concentrated on point-to-point molecular communication (MC), whereas in a realistic environment, multiple MC transmitters are likely to transmit molecular messages simultaneously sharing the same propagation medium, resulting in significant performance variation of the MC system. In this type of large-scale MC system, the collective signal strength at the desired receiver can be impaired by the interference caused by other MC transmitters, which may degrade the system reliability and efficiency. This paper presents the first tractable analytical framework for the collective signal strength at a partially absorbing receiver due to the desired transmitter under the impact of a swarm of interfering transmitters in a 3D large-scale MC system using stochastic geometry. To combat the multi-user interference and the intersymbol interference (ISI) in the multi-user environment, we propose Reed–Solomon (RS) error correction coding, due to its high effectiveness in combating burst and random errors, as well as the two types of information molecule modulating scheme, where the transmitted bits are encoded using two types of information molecules at consecutive bit intervals. We derive analytical expressions for the bit error probability (BEP) of the large-scale MC system with the proposed two schemes to show their effectiveness. The results obtained using Monte Carlo simulations, match exactly with the analytical results, justifying the accuracy of the derivations. Results reveal that both schemes improve the BEP by a factor of 3–4 compared with that of a conventional MC system without using any ISI mitigation techniques. Due to the implementation simplicity, the two-type molecule encoding scheme is better than the RS error correction coding scheme, as the RS error correction coding scheme involves additional encoding and decoding process at both the transmitter and receiver nodes. Furthermore, the proposed analytical framework can be generalized to the analysis of other types of receiver designs and performance characterization in multi-user large-scale MC systems. Also, the two types of information molecule modulating scheme can be extended to M-type of information molecule modulating scheme without loss of generality.
Heating of hatching eggs before storage improves hatchability

How long can eggs be stored before hatching? This is a frequently asked question. The answer came from a series of trials conducted at the Research Institute for Animal Husbandry in Lelystad, the Netherlands. It shows that pre-storage incubation of hatching eggs is an effective way of reducing loss of hatchability in eggs stored for long periods.
Zur pränatalen Entwicklung der Glandula mandibularis und Glandula parotis der Katze

The prenatal development of the cat's mandibular and parotid gland was examined by means of serial section of 36 cat embryos at 14–62 days of development. Both glands were excised from the epithelium of the primitive oral cavity and branched up to day 36 of the branching phase into a specific connective tissue. This tissue contained besides fine collagenous fibres, a high amount of proteoglycans. In the subsequent separation phase, ducts and acini differentiated themselves in primitive lobules which were separated by connective tissue. In the prenatal differentiation phase, from about day 50 up to birth, intercalated ducts and striated ducts were formed. In the acini, mucous and serous cells contained different amounts of complex carbohydrates. This secretory component changed shortly before birth.
Biomass and compositional changes occur in chalk grassland turves exposed to elevated CO2 for two seasons in FACE

Artificial turves composed of 7 chalk grassland species (Festuca ovina L.; Briza media L.; Bromopsis erecta (Hudson) Fourr. ; Plantago media L. ; Sanguisorba minor Scop. ; Anthyllis vulneraria L. and Lotus corniculatus L. ) were grown from seed and exposed to two seasons of elevated (600 μmol mol–1) and ambient (340 μmol mol–1) CO2 concentrations in free air CO2 enrichment (ETH‐FACE, Zurich). The turves were clipped regularly to a height of 5 cm and assessed for above ground biomass production and relative abundance based on accumulated clipped dry biomass as well as by point quadrat recording. Below ground biomass production was assessed with root in‐growth bags during the second season of growth.
Mitigation of Salinity-Induced Damages in Capsicum Annum L. (Sweet Pepper) Seedlings Using Priming Techniques: A Future Perspective of Climate Change in the Region

ABSTRACT There is now a consensus that global warming causes climate change and is a worldwide threat, which presents a great challenge for the 21st century. Arid, semiarid, and tropical regions of the world including Pakistan, where climate change is enhancing salinization and is restricting plant growth and production by reducing nutrient uptake and increasing osmotic stresses. Keeping in view all these interlinked predicted climatic change, present study was aimed to determine the effect of osmopriming with Polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) for osmotic potential (Ψs = −0.2MPa), hydropriming, thermopriming on cultivars of Capsicum annuum L. analyzing germination indices, physiological and biochemical attributes under induced salinity stress of 60 mM and 80 mM sodium chloride chosen from deleterious effect of these concentrations in preliminary screening experiment. Results indicated highest tolerance in the osmoprimed seeds (PEG-4000) to lower salt stress significantly at p < . 001 based on chlorophyll “a” (chlo “a”), chlorophyll “a” and “b” ratio (chlo a/b ratio), total chlorophyll content (TCC) and carotenoid content (CC) resulting less deterioration of photosynthetic pigments whereas; maximum total proline content (TPC) (p < .001), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) at p = . 01) and ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) at p < . 05 in hydroprimed seeds reflecting the ability of selected cultivars to resist oxidations. It is concluded that high salinity altered many metabolic processes due to high osmotic potential inside the cell which is considered an alarming situation for the forthcoming climate change in Pakistan and required climate-smart agriculture to lower the negative impact forthcoming salinization, before it might affect global crop production drastically.
Religious Motivation to Adopt as a Predictor of Adoptive Family Structure, Parental Discipline, and Outcomes

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine religious motivation to adopt and how this relates to decisions families made while adopting, firm discipline, attachment, parent stress and affect, and child externalizing and internalizing. Within the United States, 44 internationally adopted children and their parents participated in this six-year, longitudinal study. Families endorsing greater religious motivation adopted older children and had larger family sizes. Controlling for these factors, greater religious motivation also predicted firmer discipline practices. Religious motivation did not predict parenting stress or parent negative affect. Additionally, positive longitudinal child outcomes were best predicted by larger family size, fewer baseline attachment disturbances, and less baseline externalizing and internalizing – rather than religious motivation, firm discipline, or the interaction between the two.
Morphological phylogeny of Reinwardtia Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera, Muscidae), with the description of a new species from the Neotropical region

Reinwardtia Brauer & Bergenstamm is a monotypic genus, with only R. tachinina described from Venezuela. Here, we revised the genus to include Reinwardtia bicolor sp. nov. from Colombia and Ecuador. To investigate the phylogenetic positioning of Reinwardtia, we present a morphological analysis, including 16 species of the Neotropical Reinwardtiini genera. We used 35 characters from male and female adults. Based on this phylogenetic analysis, Reinwardtia is a monophyletic genus, a sister-group of the monotypic Synthesiomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm. http://zoobank.org:pub:F8495ED0-FBDA-4A91-9A76-40B708FC6997 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8BF649B3-C9F3-4B90-B120-1CE28F051F5A
Exploring the relationship between servicescape, place attachment, and intention to recommend accommodations marketed through sharing economy platforms

ABSTRACT Over the past decade, the world has witnessed the rise of the short-term accommodation rental (SAR) industry. However, customers’ attachment and loyalty to SARs in which they have stayed have received little attention. this study empirically proposes an eight-factor servicescape framework and examines its impact on customers’ intentions to recommend SARs via place attachment from a non-Western perspective. Findings reveal that interior décor, kitchen amenities, room view, residential density, perceived similarity, and suitable behavior of hosts exert significant impacts on place attachment dimensions. Findings provide significant insight that could help hosts retain customers by increasing their attachment to SARs.
Social Network Advertising: The Moderating Role of Processing Fluency, Need for Cognition, Expertise, and Gender

Abstract In this study, we contribute to the social network advertising literature by examining the impact of individual differences (e.g. need for cognition, processing fluency, expertise, and gender) on the attitudes toward social network advertising. In addition, we examine the interrelationships between the attitudes toward social network advertising and consumers’ intention to engage in eWOM and intention to purchase. Our proposed model is an extension of the Technology Acceptance Model. In our model, we propose an indirect casual effect (via attitudes toward social network advertising) of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, incentive offering, advertisement intrusiveness, need for cognition, processing fluency, expertise and gender on intentions to engage in eWOM and on intention to purchase. Moreover, we propose a direct causal effect of attitudes toward social network advertising on intention to engage in eWOM and on intention to purchase.
Exploring slow city attributes in Mainland China: tourist perceptions and behavioral intentions toward Chinese Cittaslow

ABSTRACT This study was designed to identify slow city attributes on Mainland China and examine the role of the discovered attributes in forming behavioral intention. A psychometric process with mixed methods was employed to obtain the research objectives. The qualitative approach grasped the distinctive attributes of a slow city. The quantitative approach explored the eight slow city dimensions involving 43 items. The structural analysis demonstrated the effect of the attributes identified with sense of belonging, mental well-being, and intentions. Our results helped show how slow city marketers invent efficient strategies to boost positive tourist behaviors for slow cities in Mainland China.
The effect of light and temperature on the rhythm of pupal ecdysis in the Queensland Fruit-fly, Dacus (Strumeta) Tryoni (Frogg.)

Adults of the Queensland fruit-fly, Dacus (Strumeta) tryoni, show a pronounced diurnal rhythm in pupal ecdysis. Experiments are described which show that the rhythm can be induced and oriented by alternation of light and darkness during the larval stage or the adult stage of the previous generation. The alternation of light and darkness during the pupal stage had no direct effect on the rhythm of pupal ecdysis. When pupae were exposed to a small daily fluctuation in temperature, the rhythm of ecdysis was more pronounced - i.e. ecdyses were spread over fewer hours of the day. Most of the flies emerged within a few hours after the initial increase in temperature.
New molecular data on Pyrenulaceae from Sri Lanka reveal two well-supported groups within this family

Abstract Pyrenulaceae is one of the dominant lichen families in the tropics, especially in lowland evergreen forests. Although very species-rich, phylogenetic relationships within Pyrenulaceae have not been extensively studied using molecular data, and its morphology-based generic delimitation remains untested. A recent lichenological survey carried out in the Knuckles Mountain Range in Sri Lanka allowed the first author to collect fresh specimens of different species of Pyrenula, and to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within the family Pyrenulaceae using a multigene analysis (ITS, nuLSU and mtSSU) and a preliminary dataset of 21 taxa. This data shows that the family Pyrenulaceae can be divided into two well-supported groups and suggests that the genus Pyrenula is not monophyletic. Characters usually used for generic classification in this family (ascospore colour and septation, structure of the ascospore locules, secondary chemistry, hamathecium structure, ostiole position) do not correlate with these two groups. However, the presence of pseudocyphellae is restricted to species of Pyrenula from one group.
Confronting the Trilemma: Culture, Institutions, and Macroeconomic Disequilibria

Abstract Although the fundamental trilemma of open-economy macroeconomics has been a popular framework for analyzing the effects of various policy combinations, it ignores how policy regimes change. Drawing from Post-Keynesian Institutionalist theory, this article considers this process in democracies as a type of technological change in which progress may be limited by insufficient knowledge and actions by vested interests. A case study of interwar France shows that these barriers often delay or weaken stabilization programs, which increase both political and economic uncertainty that further lowers aggregate demand and inhibits the attainment of macroeconomic equilibria. Although we should not generalize these observations, they suggest that understanding and addressing cultural and institutional factors may be necessary for successful countercyclical policymaking.