Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Laser Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Applications

Over the past two decades, laser remote sensing of the earth and of its environment has been a rapidly growing field of research and application. A large community of scientists, including atmospheric physicists, oceanographers, and laser physicists, together with optical systems designers and electronics and system engineers, is presently involved in the development of various types of lidar systems, either ground based, mobile, or airborne, for applications in meteorology, environmental studies, atmospheric physics, and oceanography. This book, Laser Remote Sensing, is intended for all those who are interested in this research field and represents the first monograph entirely devoted to laser studies of the environment. It is also intended to be self-contained: it reviews not only the broad spectrum of lidar applications but also the basic physics required for the understanding of interaction processes between radiation and matter and of laser fundamentals.
Periodic solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equations: a paradifferential approach

This paper is devoted to the construction of periodic solutions of non-linear Schrodinger equations on the torus, for a large set of frequencies. Usual proofs of such results rely on the use of Nash-Moser methods. Our approach avoids this, exploiting the possibility of reducing, through para-differential conjugation, the equation under study to an equivalent form for which periodic solutions may be constructed by a classical iteration scheme.
A Visual and Geometry-based Hybrid Approach for Surface Simplification

AbstractIn this paper, a novel visual and geometry-based simplification approach is proposed for simplifying polygonal meshes. This approach is driven by a visual importance weighted quadric error metric, which measures not only the geometry differentiation but also the local surface variation. We define the visual importance of one vertex based on its vertex curvature entropy which reflects the visually variation of the region centered at this vertex. We observe that such a definition of visual importance is capable of capturing visually interesting regions on a mesh. By combining the visual importance and quadric error metric to measure the edge collapse error, this algorithm produces simplified model closer to the original one according to visual similarity. One main application of this algorithm is the simplification of models for video games where the models are usually geometrically not very complex, and in which visual similarity is the most important requirement.
A progressive correction to the circular hydraulic jump scaling

This document presents theoretical and numerical results of the circular hydraulic jump derived from the inertial lubrication theory [N. O. Rojas, M. Argentina, E. Cerda, and E. Tirapegui, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 187801–1187801–4 (2010)]10.1103/PhysRevLett.104. 187801. In particular, a correction for the hydraulic jump scaling is obtained. The results depend on subcritical depth, density, and surface tension, in agreement with experimental data at low Reynolds numbers [T. Bohr, C. Ellegaard, A. E. Hansen, and A. Haaning, Physica B 228, 1–10 (1996)10.1016/S0921-4526(96)00373-0; S. H. Hansen, S. Horluck, D. Zauner, P. Dimon, C. Ellegaard, and S. C. Creagh, Phys. Rev. E 55, 7048–7061 (1997)]10.1103/PhysRevE.55. 7048.
Numerical simulations of displacement piles in a tropical soil

The behavior of pile foundations under axial loading is directly influenced by the effects that its installation process induces in the surrounding soil. Consequently, the consideration of these effects is essential for the correct numerical modeling of these geotechnical structures. In the present study, numerical simulations of driven cast-in-situ piles under axial loading have been carried out using finite element analysis. Three 3.5 m long piles with diameters ranging from 114.3 to 219.1 mm were analyzed. The pile installation effects have been considered indirectly by employing two distinct approaches, both based on the concepts of cylindrical cavity expansion. The behavior of the tropical soil profile is described with the Hardening Soil constitutive model. The load-displacement response and load distribution along the pile obtained with the numerical simulations have been analyzed and compared with in-situ load tests results. In the failure conditions, both approaches accurately predicted the bearing capacity of the piles, with an average error of only 2% compared to the measured values. The results in terms of load distribution over depth were also satisfactory. The difference between measured and numerical ultimate base resistance values ranged from 0% to 30%. The good agreement between the numerical and experimental results indicates that the proposed numerical approaches have been effective in simulating the piles installation process and reinforces the importance of considering the installation effects in the numerical modeling of these geotechnical structures. Both approaches can also be used to predict the bearing capacity of displacement piles.
A Comparative Corpus-based Analysis of Boosters in NESs and NNESs’ Academic Articles

The purpose of the current study was to examine the frequently used boosters in academic articles written by Native (NESs) and Non-native (NNESs) Speakers of English (Turkish researchers) in the field of English Language Teaching. Investigating whether differences exist in the use of these markers between NESs and NNESs’ academic articles was another aim of the study. Within this purpose, data was collected from one hundred academic articles (NESs= 50, NNESs= 50 articles) published between 2016 and 2021 in two different international journals indexed in ERIC by using the keyword ‘English Language Teacher Education’, and the data were analysed using AntConc concordance tool. Log-likelihood statistics were run to find out whether any significant difference exists between NESs and NNESs’ use of boosters in terms of frequency. The analysis revealed that statistically significant underuse of boosters by NESs writers in terms of their use of types of boosters was found.
Electron and hole dynamics of InAs∕GaAs quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers

Single-color and two-color pump-probe measurements are used to analyze carrier dynamics in InAs∕GaAs quantum dot amplifiers. The study reveals that hole recovery and intradot electron relaxation occur on a picosecond time scale, while the electron capture time is on the order of 10ps. A longer time scale of hundreds of picoseconds is associated with carrier recovery in the wetting layer, similar to that observed in quantum well semiconductor amplifiers.
Improving student resilience in the era new normal through group guidance using Cognitive Restructuring Techniques

Today the world of education has changed from offline to online so that students cannot escape the crush that causes students to procrastinate a lot of assignments, be late in collecting assignments, cannot manage study time, do not dare to ask questions when they have difficulty understanding the subject matter, have difficulty understanding teacher instructions, students must provide quota packages, this causes students to like to complain, be confused, despair and give up easily, students are anxious, worried about missing lessons, and feel bored, this condition shows problems that come from resilience. Various crushes experienced by students in the new normal era have not been effective by being given group guidance to overcome it. Therefore, this study aims to (1) analyze differences in student resilience before being compared after taking group guidance using cognitive restructuring techniques, (2) analyzing differences before compared to after taking group guidance without special treatment, (3) analyzing differences in student resilience after attending group guidance using cognitive restructuring techniques compared to those following group guidance without special treatment.The research method used is quantitative research. This type of research is a Quasi Experiment Design with a pretest posttest control group design. The population in this study was 192 students, and 20 students were taken which were divided into 10 students for the experimental group and 10 students for the control group. Sampling used simple random sampling. The research instrument used was a Likert Scale model.The results showed that (1) there was a significant difference in student resilience before and after taking group guidance using cognitive restructuring techniques, (2) there was a significant difference in student resilience before and after taking group guidance without special treatment, (3) there was a significant difference resilience of students who follow group guidance using cognitive restructuring techniques and follow group guidance without special treatment. Therefore, group guidance on cognitive restructuring techniques is effective in increasing student resilience in the era new normal.
STABILITY OF PIECEWISE LINEAR OSCILLATORS WITH VISCOUS AND DRY FRICTION DAMPING

Abstract The stability analysis for periodic motions of a class of harmonically excited single degree of freedom oscillators with piecewise linear characteristics is presented. The common characteristic of these oscillators is that they posses viscous and constant damping properties, which depend on their velocity direction. The presence of constant damping terms in the equation of motion introduces acceleration discontinuities and makes possible the appearance of finite time intervals within the periodic solution where the oscillator is stuck at the same position. Harmonic and subharmonic motions with an arbitrary number of solution pieces are examined. The analysis takes advantage of the fact that the exact solution form for any solution piece included between two consecutive zero velocity values is known. It is based on the derivation of a matrix relation which determines how an arbitrary but small perturbation at the beginning of a periodic solution propagates to the end of a response period. Then, results obtained by bifurcation analysis of the periodic solutions are also presented. At the end, some of the analytical predictions are confirmed by considering an example mechanical model.
Investigation of systematic errors by relaxation experiments

The systematic errors of the ECMWF forecast model have been investigated by relaxing forecasts towards analyses in selected regions. This method proved to be a useful tool to study the initial error growth in a certain region and the subsequent error propagation. The forecast fields in the tropics were relaxed towards the analysis by adding a contribution proportional to the current forecast error to the tendencies of temperature and momentum. From the comparison of control forecasts with tropically relaxed forecasts it was possible to separate large errors generated in the extra-tropics from comparatively small errors penetrating from the tropics into the extra-tropics. Relaxation in the major mountain regions showed different results for the Rocky Mountains and the Himalayas. the errors originating from the Rocky Mountains are substantial contributors to errors of both transient eddies and stationary eddies. the baroclinic waves in the Atlantic storm track are weakened and the stationary eddies develop a wave-train-like error pattern which is typical for many operational forecasts in the winter season. The errors in the Pacific are much less dependent on errors from the mountainous region. the error structure of the transient and stationary eddies, as revealed from experiments in which the Asian mountains are excluded or included from the relaxation, shows little similarity to operational forecast errors.
Semiconductor–metal transition of pyrite FeS2 under high pressure by full-potential linearized-augmented plane wave calculations

The effects of hydrostatic pressure on the electronic band structure of the semiconductor mineral iron pyrite FeS2 have been investigated theoretically by an ab initio full-potential linearized-augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method within a local approximation (LDA/GGA) to the density functional theory. The calculations predict that at a pressure of 94.1 GPa the indirect band gap of pyrite FeS2 vanishes and the material becomes a metal. This is due to the presence of the S–S and Fe–S bonds, which provide novel energy band distortions in the process of attaining the metallic state. Analysis indicates that, under increasing high pressure, the conduction bands (3pz of sulfur and 3dx2−y2+3dxy of iron) intrude downwards into the valence bands, which are predominantly 3d in nature. At normal pressure, the lattice constant, the bulk modulus, sulfur position parameter u, S–S bond length, and the indirect band gap of pyrite FeS2 are calculated using a fully relaxed unit cell and found to be equal to 541.8 pm, 159.7 GPa, u = 0.383, 219.5 pm and 0.45 eV, respectively. Apart from the gap, which is too small (the usual ‘LDA error’), these results agree well with recent experiments. The effective masses of an electron at selected points in the conduction band are reported.
Numerical simulations of stochastically excited sound waves in a random medium

In turbulent acoustic media such as the solar envelope, both wave sources and the propagation characteristics (back- ground density, refractive index, dissipation, etc.) are stochastic quantities. By means of numerical simulation of the Euler equations, we study two cases in a homogeneous stochastic medium in which the background density fluctuations and wave sources are 1) correlated and 2) uncorrelated. We find that in the uncorrelated case, the coherent (or mean) acoustic field is zero, leaving only an incoherent field. In the correlated case, the coherent field is nonzero, yielding both coherent and incoherent fields. We question the use of mean-field dispersion relations to determine frequency shifts in p-mode and f-mode spectra, since the coherent field can be non-existent or weak relative to the incoherent field. We demonstrate the importance of accounting for a stochastic wave source by showing that the two cases give very different frequency shifts.
PRACTICES OF AND CHALLENGES FOR CITIZEN JOURNALISM IN THE MAINSTREAM MEDIA OF BANGLADESH

In the past few years, it is observed that social media was the first to respond to some issues that become the talk of the town. Broad and easy access to mobile devices and social media has created immense opportunities for the public to share and publish their works on open forums. The audience as the prosumer (producers and active consumers) generates ‘user-generated content’ that undoubtedly influences the mainstream media’s content production procedure and manner through distributing them to many news or social platforms. This process leads to citizen journalism as a parallel mode of journalism where collection, collaboration and dissemination of the information go through a single channel. This study is based on both primary and secondary data sources to understand the impacts, challenges, and opportunities of citizen journalism needed beside the journalism. The qualitative data are collected from seven in-depth interviews with senior journalists, editors, academics and news managers. And two semi-structured interviews were conducted with citizen journalism project coordinators. Their analysis regarding this citizen journalism practices in mainstream media creates access to information by opening a new door to more significant resources. However, the concern remains whether incorporating citizen journalism into mainstream journalism poses any threat or not. It is observed that the absence of practicing journalistic rules and regulations in social media makes their credibility questionable and generates confusion. Online news sites use mobile technologies to create and disseminate their media products, gradually attracting the audience and readers. As a result, people are often used to accessing news from online sites rather than print media. With this current demand, mainstream news media is focusing on more interactivity on their online platforms and encouraging their audiences to join in the news production process.
The efficacy of the Dimensions of Attitudes toward Science (DAS) for explaining primary preservice teachers’ intention to teach science

ABSTRACT There is a need for robust, empirically-validated conceptualisations of teachers’ attitudes towards teaching science, with a view to understand how these might explain their intention to teach science. The Dimensions of Attitudes Toward Science (DAS) theoretical framework suggests that cognitive, affective and perceived control dimensions of teachers’ professional attitudes may be related to their behavioural intention to teach science. While the DAS framework has been employed in numerous studies investigating the attitudes of preservice and inservice teachers, its efficacy remains mostly unknown. The current study employed a cross-sectional survey research design to investigate the question, to what extent does the DAS theoretical framework explain primary preservice teachers’ intention to prioritise teaching science in their future practice? Early childhood and primary preservice teachers (n = 250) at an Australian university completed the DAS instrument prior to completing a science curriculum unit. Structural equation modelling revealed inadequate/poor model fit across multiple indices. Perceived relevance of science education and enjoyment teaching science were statistically significant predictors of preservice teachers’ intention to prioritise teaching science, whereas other attitudinal constructs from the framework were not significant in this research. These findings warrant further attention to theories of behaviour and behaviour change in science education research.
The resolved stellar population of Leo A

New observations of the resolved stellar population of the extremely metal-poor Magellanic dwarf irregular galaxy Leo A in Thuan-Gunn r, g, i, and narrowband Ha filters are presented. Using the recent Cepheid variable star distance determination to Leo A by Hoessel et al., we are able to create an accurate color-magnitude diagram (CMD). We have used the Bavesian inference method described by Tolstoy & Saha to calculate the likelihood of a Monte Carlo simulation of the stellar population of Leo A being a good match to the data within the well understood errors in the data. The magnitude limits on our data are sensitive enough to look back at similar to 1 Gyr of star formation history at the distance of Leo A. To explain the observed ratio of red to blue stars in the observed CMD, it is necessary to invoke either a steadily decreasing star formation rate toward the present lime or gaps in the star formation history. We also compare the properties of the observed stellar population with the known spatial distribution of the H I gas and H II regions to support the conclusions from CMD modeling. We consider the possibility that currently there is a period of diminished star formation in Leo A, as evidenced by the lack of very young stars in the CMD and the faint H Ir regions. How the chaotic II I distribution, with no observable rotation, fits into our picture of the evolution of Leo A is as yet unclear.
Hubungan Intellectual Capital Dan Kinerja Belanja Pada Instansi Pemerintah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap kinerja belanja pada instansi pemerintah. Capital intellectual dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi tiga jenis yaitu public human capital, public organizational capital dan relational public capital. Purposive sampling digunakan dalam menentukan sampel penelitian ini yang berjumlah sebanyak 41 observasi. Responden penelitian merupakan pegawai pengelola anggaran di Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa public human capital, public organizational capital, dan relational public capital memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja belanja. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi literatur dalam pengujian intellectual capital pada organisasi sektor publik yang masih jarang dilakukan khususnya dengan menggunakan data Indonesia.
Perturbations of gyrosynchrotron emission polarization from solar flares by sausage modes: forward modeling

We examined the polarization of the microwave flaring emission and its modulation by the fast sausage standing wave using a linear 3D magnetohydrodynamic model of a plasma cylinder. We analyzed the effects of the line-of-sight angle on the perturbations of the gyrosynchrotron intensity for two models: a base model with strong Razin suppression and a low-density model in which the Razin effect was negligible. The circular polarization (Stokes V) oscillation is in phase with the intensity oscillation, and the polarization degree (Stokes V/I) oscillates in phase with the magnetic field at the examined frequencies in both models. The two quantities experience a periodical reversal of their signs with a period equal to half of the sausage wave period when seen at a 90 ◦ viewing angle, in this case, their modulation depth reaches 100%.
Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer Observation of Cygnus X-1. II. Timing Analysis

We present timing analysis for a Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observation of Cygnus X-1 in its hard/low state. This was the first RXTE observation of Cyg X-1 taken after it transited back to this state from its soft/high state. RXTE's large effective area, superior timing capabilities, and ability to obtain long, uninterrupted observations have allowed us to obtain measurements of the power spectral density (PSD), coherence function, and Fourier time lags to a decade lower in frequency and 0.5 decade higher in frequency than typically was achieved with previous instruments. Notable aspects of our observations include a weak 0.005 Hz feature in the PSD coincident with a coherence recovery; a "hardening" of the high-frequency PSD with increasing energy; a broad frequency range measurement of the coherence function, revealing rollovers from unity coherence at both low and high frequency; and an accurate determination of the Fourier time lags over 2.5 decades in frequency. As has been noted in previous similar observations, the time delay is approximately proportional to f−0.7, and at a fixed Fourier frequency the time delay of the hard X-rays compared to the softest energy channel tends to increase logarithmically with energy. Curiously, the 0.01-0.2 Hz coherence between the highest and the lowest energy bands is actually slightly greater than the coherence between the second highest and the lowest energy bands. We carefully describe all of the analysis techniques used in this paper, and wemake comparisons of the data to general theoretical expectations. In a companion paper, we makespecific comparisons to a Compton corona model that we have successfully used to describe the energy spectral data from this observation.
Sample Path Properties of Operator-Slef-Similar Gaussian Random Fields

We study the Hausdorff dimension of the image and graph set, hitting probabilities, transience, and other sample path properties of certain isotropic operator-self-similar Gaussian random fields $X = \{X(t),\ t \in {\bf R}^N\}$ with stationary increments, including multiparameter operator fractional Brownian motion. Our results show that if $X({\bf 1})$, where $ {\bf 1} =(1, 0, \ldots, 0) \in {\bf R}^N$, is full, then many of such sample path properties are completely determined by the real parts of the eigenvalues of the self-similarity exponent~D.