Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of recreational rock climbing and environmental variation on a sandstone cliff-face lichen community

Lichen community composition was evaluated for both lichen cover and richness on a cliff face commonly used for recreational rock climbing. The sandstone outcrop is located on the Sibley Peninsula, which extends from the north shore of Lake Superior. One-hundred and twenty plots were examined. Each plot was 1 m2 in size, with 60 plots located on unclimbed cliff sections and 60 more located where recreational rock climbing regularly occurs. Lichen richness and cover were significantly lower on the rock climbing sections compared with unclimbed sections. Linear regression models indicated significant relationships with cover and richness to environmental response variables and climbing treatment. Detrended correspondence analysis indicated a separation of lichen community groups on this cliff, and major separations occurred between plots in each climbing treatment. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated a significant amount of community group variation between climbed and unclimbed locations related to climbing treatment and aspect of the plots. Climbing is found to have an impact on this sandstone cliff-face lichen community.
Warming in Anorexia Nervosa: A Review

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric condition primarily affecting young women, and AN has the highest mortality rate among psychiatric disorders. AN continues to be a disorder refractory to psychological or pharmacologi-cal treatment. An innovative approach arises from research in rats simultaneously placed on a restricted feeding schedule and given free access to an activity wheel. The detrimental effects of combining diet and exercise in rats can be reversed by a manipulation of ambient temperature (AT). Warming animals exposed to these experimental arrangements reverses running activity, preserves food intake, and enables rats to recover from acute weight loss. This represents a strong preclinical evidence that provides a rationale for a translational approach for the treatment of AN. However, heat application to AN patients was already a recommendation made by William Gull in his seminal paper on AN disorder. A historical perspective of supplying heat to AN patients reviews the circumstances and foundation of this practice. The manipulation of AT in activity-based anorexia (ABA) rats has ended with a period of neglect of AT that parallels the complete neglect of the role of AT in the human AN disorder, either as a risk factor, as a modulating factor in the course of the disorder, or in terms of its utility in the treatment of AN.
Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty of Infrapopliteal Arteries in Patients with Intermittent Claudication: Acute and Six-Month-Results

Correspondence (İletişim): Cesur Samancı, M.D. Haydarpasa Sultan Abdulhamid Han Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Radyoloji Anabilim Dali, Istanbul, Turkey Phone (Telefon): +90 532 015 18 86 E-mail (E-posta): cesursamanci@gmail.com Submitted Date (Başvuru Tarihi): 01.07. 2019 Accepted Date (Kabul Tarihi): 08.10. 2019 Copyright 2020 Haydarpaşa Numune Medical Journal OPEN ACCESS This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 108 Samancı et al., PTA of Infrapopliteal Arteries / doi: 10.14744/hnhj.2019. 46514 morbidity and length of hospital stay, endovascular treatment methods are more frequently preferred today. Infrapopliteal interventions were firstly described 30 years ago by Dotter and Judkins; Grüntzig and Hopff [3, 4]. Since then, percutaneous interventions have been widely used for the treatment of PAH. PTA and stent implantation has been shown to be effective in the treatment of iliac and femoropopliteal occlusions, even in complicated and chronic lesions[4]. With the use of lowprofile catheters and hydrophilic directable guide wires, PTA is applied more and more frequently, even under the knee, with higher success rates. Good results have been obtained, especially in patients with surgical comorbidity and in cases with critical ischemia in the lower extremity(ies)[6–9]. However, in studies conducted in the infrapopliteal region, significant heterogeneity was observed in most of the results[10]. In some studies[11, 12], while 1-year patency was around 30-40%, in some studies[13, 14], this rate was found as 70-80% in some others. In this study, the efficacy of PTA, which is an endovascular approach in the treatment of patients with intermittent claudication, was evaluated in infrapopliteal arteries. Materials and Methods
Hedonic Values And Utilitarian Values As Predicators Of Social Media Participation

This research proposes a model to investigate the behavior of posting articles and the continued use of social media via Babin’s value perspective. The antecedents of values are web quality and users’ emotions. The model was tested with PLS-Graph software based on its structural equation modeling approach. Data was gained from 310 users. The results revealed that antecedents have a strong impact on user values, which in turn influences users’ intention to post articles and continue to use social media. Several implications for research and practice have been derived from these findings.
How Social Influence Factors Might Impact the Jury

and concerns surrounding the injustice will be considered and assessed by various criminal justice members (e.g., police officers, lawyers, judges). In modern day, the due process of law is applied in order to evaluate the legitimacy of the evidence related to the misconduct, and to also consider all of the legal implications of the behaviour (i.e., whether consequences or punishment is required, and to what severity). Canadian courts hear many cases related to both civil and criminal conduct, and depending on the type of offence (i.e., summary vs. indictable), the defendant is sometimes given the option of the trial being heard by a judge alone, or by a jury (Pozzulo, Bennell, & Forth, 2012). However, trial by jury has not always been part of the criminal justice system.
Poll Everywhere E-Learning Platform, Test Anxiety, and Undergraduates’ Academic Performance in Mathematics: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

The high rate of mathematics education students‟ academic performance in universities has become unbearable. In an attempt to proffer solution to this menace, this study assessed Poll Everywhere eLearning platform, test anxiety, and undergraduates‟ academic performance in Mathematics in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research one control group and one treatment group. The population of this study comprised all the fulltime regular undergraduates offering Education Mathematics in the Department of Science Education, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. Accidental sampling technique was adopted in selecting a sample of 328 undergraduates who are owners of smartphones from the population. Test-Anxiety Inventory and Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) were used as data collection instruments. The null hypotheses were tested using independent t-tests and simple linear regression. Findings revealed that Poll Everywhere eLearning platform has a significant effect on students‟ test anxiety and academic performance in Mathematics respectively; there is a moderate negative and significant relationship between students‟ test anxiety and their academic performance in Mathematics. Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that Poll Everywhere eLearning platform could be used for the effective teaching and examination of learners in Mathematics and other science-related disciplines. This can be done through the design and integration of course modules to the Poll Everywhere online platform.
Stock Price Momentum Modeling: A Grounded Theory Approach

Recently, understanding the anomalies in financial markets have severely chal-lenged the efficient market hypothesis (EMH). The price momentum is one of the anomalies described as the unexplained short-term return by Fama and French (1996). The present research strives for modeling the price momentum of winner stock in the Iranian capital market. The grounded theory method was used to explain this phenomenon. To this end, in-depth interviews were held with 32 experts operating in the professional and academic fields in 2018. The collected data was encoded in three steps, and the results were presented as a conceptual paradigm. The research findings identified the momentum causal factors in the behavioral level, the background factors in the social, macroeconomics, and mar-ket levels, the intervening factors in the global economics, macroeconomics, mar-ket, and company levels, and the strategies in the social, macroeconomics, market, the investment and finances institutions, and consequences factors in market level. The research findings suggest that the winner stock price momentum phenomenon should not be considered a speculation opportunity. Rather, it is an anomaly that has to be regulated with the proposed strategies according to the experts. The consequences of the adoption of these strategies include the stable and normal income for the market actors, the decrease in the loss inflicted on natural persons due to the market volatility, the management of anomalies, more effective attrac-tion and allocation of liquid capitals, the reduced credit risk of brokerages, and the acceleration of liquidation in the market.
Climate change jointly with migration ability affect future range shifts of dominant fir species in Southwest China

As a prominent geographical distribution centre for the dark coniferous forests, mountains of Southwest China (MSWC) is experiencing an unprecedented warming trend, posing severe challenges to the survival of dominant fir (Abies) species. Although plant's migration ability is a prerequisite for its survival in changing environments, it has often been ignored in species distribution models (SDMs). This study aimed to quantify the magnitude and direction of range changes by the year 2080 for six dominant fir species, that is Abies recurvata, Abies faxoniana, Abies squamata, Abies ernestii, Abies forrestii and Abies georgei, with an emphasis on exploring the relationship between migration ability and projected distributions.
Reinforced Epoxy Composites

An epoxy resin EP with backbone structure was obtained by curing o-cresol novolac epoxy resin with phenol novolac resin. The reinforced epoxy test specimens were prepared in the form of 45 × 35 mm2, 10.0 mm thickness and adding four meshes of aluminium wires of 40 × 30 mm2 with 5, 10, 15 and 20 wires of 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm diameters at 10mm from surface. The effect of the test temperature on the mechanical properties of the reinforced epoxy is carried out and investigated. The electrostatic charge is measured at a static loads ranging from 50 to 200 N at dry condition at various test parameters. A corrosion test is carried out and investigated on the produced reinforced epoxy composites using NaCl with concentration ranging from 0.01M to 1.0M at an immersion time of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 hrs at room temperature. Water sorption method is carried out to investigate the effect of the previous parameters on the reinforced epoxy composite properties. [Saeed A. Al-Ghamdi, Fahd A. Al-Zahrani, Hala M. Abo-Dief, Ashraf T. Mohd. Reinforced Epoxy Composites Chracteristics . J Am Sci 2013;9(3):297-303]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org. 41
How Responsive is Investment in Schooling to Changes in Redistribution Policies and in Returns

This paper uses an unusual pay reform to test the responsiveness of investment in schooling to changes in redistribution schemes that increase the rate of return to education. We exploit an episode where different Israeli kibbutzim shifted from equal sharing to productivity-based wages in different years and find that students in kibbutzim that reformed earlier invested more in education. This effect is stronger for males and is mainly driven by students whose parents have lower levels of education. Our findings support the prediction that education is highly responsive to changes in the redistribution policy, especially for students from weaker backgrounds.
Auditory-Visual Integration During the Attentional Blink

Prominent theories of consciousness such as Global Workspace Theory propose that consciousness is required for multimodal integration. We tested this proposal with a processing bottleneck known as the unmasked attention blink, which we used with synchronized auditory-visual stimulus streams to delay awareness of the onset of a stimulus in one modality but not the other. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were then used to examine auditory and visual integration processes in the context of the unmasked attentional blink. To index auditory-visual (AV) integration, we recorded ERPs following the presentation of auditory-visual (AV) and unimodal second targets (T2) in AV presentation streams, which were presented during or after the attentional blink period, 200-300 ms or 600-700ms after the onset of first targets (T1) respectively. The results showed that AV and unimodal ERP responses were more similar during the attentional blink than outside of it. This result suggests that AV integration was suppressed and visual and auditory information were processed independently during the attentional blink. AV integration occurred both before and during the time window of the P3 ERP component (300-500 ms), which is well-established as the earliest time window for attentional blink ERP effects. The attentional blink suppressed AV integration only at later stages of processing while that at earlier, pre-P3 latencies was relatively intact. We discuss the implications of this finding for theories linking consciousness and integration.
The paradox of illicit economies: survival, resilience, and the limits of development and drug policy orthodoxy

ABSTRACT The illicit drug crops opium and coca are conventionally regarded as sources of instability, an ‘evil’ that breeds fragility and violence. Fragile states are supposed to be most vulnerable to their production and consequent harms. Yet by looking into the local contexts of the world’s leading opium and coca producers – Afghanistan, Myanmar, Colombia and Bolivia – these illicit crops are found to also be sources of stability, even drivers of economic growth. They enable marginalized communities and territories abandoned by the state to be reinserted into national and global markets. Within so-called ‘fragile’ and conflict-affected areas are displaced and dispossessed households adopting innovative and unorthodox strategies for coping and survival in changing and insecure environments. This paper maps out an approach, useful for examining the resilience that has emerged amidst violence and uncertainty in illicit-crop-producing territories, and which can hopefully tackle the continuing disconnect between drugs and development policy.
Factors Affecting Demand for Plug-in Charging Infrastructure: An Analysis of Plug-in Electric Vehicle Commuters

Author(s): Tal, Gil, PhD; Chakraborty, Debapriya, PhD; Jenn, Alan, PhD; Lee, Jae Hyun, PhD; Bunch, David, PhD | Abstract: The public sector and the private sector, which includes automakers and charging network companies, are increasingly investing in building charging infrastructure to encourage the adoption and use of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and to ensure that current facilities are not congested. However, building infrastructure is costly and, as with road congestion, when there is significant uptake of PEVs, we may not be able to “build out of congestion. ” We modelled the choice of charging location that more than 3000 PEV drivers make when given the options of home, work, and public locations. Our study focused on understanding the importance of factors driving demand such as: the cost of charging, driver characteristics, access to charging infrastructure, and vehicle characteristics. We found that differences in the cost of charging play an important role in the demand for charging location. PEV drivers tend to substitute workplace charging for home charging when they pay a higher electricity rate at home, more so when the former is free. Additionally, socio-demographic factors like dwelling type and gender, as well as vehicle technology factors like electric range, influence the choice of charging location.
A hybrid method for reconstructing the historical evolution of aerosol optical depth from sunshine duration measurements

Abstract. A novel method has been developed to estimate aerosol optical depth (AOD) from sunshine duration (SD) measurements under cloud-free conditions. It is a physically based method serving for the reconstruction of the historical evolution of AOD during the last century. In addition to sunshine duration data, it requires daily water vapor and ozone products as inputs taken from the ECMWF 20th century reanalysis ERA-20C, available at the global scale over the period 1900–2010. Surface synoptic cloud observations are used to identify cloud-free days. For 16 sites over Europe, the accuracy of the estimated daily AOD, and its seasonal variability, is similar to or better than those from two earlier methods when compared to AErosol RObotic NETwork measurements. In addition, it also improves the detection of the signal from massive aerosol events such as important volcanic eruptions (e.g., Arenal and Fernandina Island in 1968, El Chichón in 1982 and Pinatubo in 1992). Finally, the reconstructed AOD time series are in good agreement with the dimming/brightening phenomenon and also provide preliminary evidence of the early-brightening phenomenon.
Controls-Oriented Model for Secondary Effects of Wake Steering

This paper presents a model to incorporate the secondary effects of wake steering in large arrays of turbines. Previous models have focused on the aerodynamic interaction of wake steering between two turbines. The model proposed in this paper builds on these models to include yaw-induced wake recovery and secondary steering seen in large arrays of turbines when wake steering is performed. Turbines operating in yaw misaligned conditions generate counter-rotating vortices that entrain momentum and contribute to the deformation and deflection of the wake at downstream turbines. Rows of turbines can 5 compound the effects of wake steering that benefit turbines far downstream. This model quantifies these effects and demonstrates that wake steering has greater potential to increase the performance of a wind farm due to these counter-rotating vortices especially for large rows of turbines. This is validated using numerous large eddy simulations for two-turbine, three-turbine, five-turbine, and wind farm scenarios.
Time-frequency analysis of technology IPOs

In our work, we focus on the dynamics of the volatility and co-movement during the first year of public trading. We use the wavelet analysis to investigate the return volatility of the technology stocks an their co-movement with the market in the time-frequency space. We employ the data sampled on multiple frequencies, ranging from 1 second high-frequency to daily data. We present three main findings. First, we identify gradual decline of the return volatility on all but the shortest investment horizons. Second, we do not find a convincing evidence that the technology stocks synchronize with the rest of the market as they get mature. Third, the different nature of the synchronization with the NASDAQ and S&P 500 indices is also not confirmed. JEL Classification C22, C32, C58, G19
Assessing Nature-Based and Cassical Engineering Solutions for Flood-Risk Reduction in Urban Streams

Urbanization of stream ecosystems with the purpose of managing the flash-flood events is nowadays considered responsible for habitat loss and alteration of the natural flow regime with severe implications for the ecosystem functioning. Unsurprisingly, the river scientists have started seeking alternative options inspired from nature for mitigating the flood-risk and maintaining the stream at its natural state. With this article the authors demonstrate the effects of a nature-based solution (NBS) for managing an urban stream based on the use of bioengineering materials (e.g. plants) and the implementation of the actions that restore the stream to its natural form (e.g channel widening). The HEC-RAS software was employed to simulate the flow and hydraulic components of an approximately 800m long reach of an urban stream under three different scenarios of flood risk management with a design flow set to 400 m3/s. The first scenario was based on the current situation of the stream, the second scenario concerned the stream restoration by following the nature-based solutions, while the third scenario was based on the classical “grey” engineering approach of concrete channelization. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry methods and the Pix4Dmapper software were used in order to develop a detailed 3D model of the studied reach that accurately captured the current geomorphology. The obtained results showed that with concrete channelization, the average and maximum flow of the stream increases significantly in relation to the current situation, from 2.48 and 4.88m/s to 9.82 and 11.22 m/s, respectively, while the average Froude number raises from 0.36 to 1.69 implying super-critical flows. In contrast, the NBS scenario retained lower flow velocities and average Froude number similar to those under the current conditions. In addition, a cost estimation analysis for both stream management techniques revealed that the NBS is much cheaper than the traditional channelization (1.1 mil € vs 5.6 mil €). In conclusion, our findings suggest that the future restoration of urban streams should consider the nature-based solutions since i) they can be effective with regard to the reduction of flood-risk, ii) are cheaper than the traditional “grey” techniques and, most importantly, iii) maintain the natural state of the ecosystem which improves not only the ecosystem functioning but also the aesthetic value within the urban context.