Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of the arabic version of the low anterior resection syndrome score

Purpose: Sphincter sparing surgery is oftentimes associated with bowel dysfunction complaints, namely the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The LARS questionnaire is widely used to assess this syndrome. The aim of this study is to translate this tool into arabic and test its psychometric properties in rectal cancer patients, in order to ease its use in clinical practice and future research. Methods: The LARS questionnaire was translated to arabic and administered to a total of 143 patients. A subgroup of 42 patients took the test twice for test-retest reliability. Internal consistency was examined through cronbach’s alpha. The score results were correlated to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire for convergent validity assessment while discriminant validity was established through the ability of the LARS score to differentiate patients with different clinical and pathological criteria. Results: The arabic version of the LARS score was completed by 143 patients. The internal consistency was demonstrated through a cronbach alpha score of 0.66. The agreement between the test and retest was established by a Bland Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement. 85.6% of patients remained in the same LARS category. The LARS score showed negative correlation with all five of the QLQ-C30 functional scales as well as positive correlation to the diarrhea symptom scale. The questionnaire score differed between patients according to their tumor location, Chemoradiotherapy, type of mesorectal excision and anastomosis. Conclusion: The Arabic version of the LARS score shows good psychometric properties and can be used for bowel dysfunction assessment in clinical and research settings.
Energy analysis of the construction of office buildings /by Graham J. Treloar

Buildings have a significant impact on the environment due to the energy required for the manufacture of construction materials. The method of assessing the energy embodied in a product is known as energy analysis. Detailed office building embodied energy case studies are very rare. However, there is evidence to suggest that the energy requirements for the construction phase of commercial buildings, including the energy embodied in materials, is a significant component of the life cycle energy requirements. This thesis sets out to examine the current state of energy analysis, determine the national average energy intensities < i.e. embodied energy rates < for building materials and assess the significance of using national average energy intensities for the energy analysis of a case study office building. Likely ranges of variation in the building material embodied energy rates from the national averages are estimated and the resulting distribution for total embodied energy in the case study building simulated. Strategies for improving the energy analysis methods and data are suggested. Detailed energy analysis is shown to be a useful indicative method of quantifying the energy required for the construction of buildings.
Investigate the Effect of Diabetes on Hypertension based on Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey, 2017-18

Background and objectives: Hypertension is a major public health problem with raising its prevalence and effect among adults overtime worldwide, especially in Bangladesh. The aim is to investigate the effect of diabetes on hypertension.Materials and methods: The dataset used in this study was extracted from Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2017-18 having a total of 6,965 (male: 3,376 and female: 3,589) adults whose ages were B35 years. Bivariate analysis along with Pearson’s chi-square test was executed to observe the association between different selected factors and hypertension. Additionally, binary logistic regression was employed to investigate the effect of diabetes on hypertension based on adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with p-value in Bangladesh.Results: The results of the study revealed that average age of the participants was 51.04a12. 731 and a total of 34.7 percent participants were identified as hypertension. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that diabetic patients were 1.280 times (95% CI of AOR: 1.107-1.479; p-value=0.001) higher risk of hypertension compared to non-diabetic. Furthermore, our finding’s also showed that diabetic patient who was 35–49 years age, 1.462 times (95% CI of AOR: 1.182-1.807; p-value=0.000) higher risk of hypertension compared to age groups ≥50 years.Conclusions: Based on the results, this study claimed that people with diabetes was significantly associated with hypertension. This study suggested greater attention of government and policymakers to make appropriate strategies to reduce hypertension as well as associated risk in Bangladesh.
Early FM Radio: Incremental Technology in Twentieth-Century America

The commonly accepted history of FM radio is one of the twentieth century's iconic sagas of invention, heroism, and tragedy. Edwin Howard Armstrong created a system of wideband frequency-modulation radio in 1933. The Radio Corporation of America (RCA), convinced that Armstrong's system threatened its AM empire, failed to develop the new technology and refused to pay Armstrong royalties. Armstrong sued the company at great personal cost. He died despondent, exhausted, and broke. But this account, according to Gary L. Frost, ignores the contributions of scores of other individuals who were involved in the decades-long struggle to realize the potential of FM radio. The first scholar to fully examine recently uncovered evidence from the Armstrong v. RCA lawsuit, Frost offers a thorough revision of the FM story. Frost's balanced, contextualized approach provides a much-needed corrective to previous accounts. Navigating deftly through the details of a complicated story, he examines the motivations and interactions of the three communities most intimately involved in the development of the technology-Progressive-era amateur radio operators, RCA and Westinghouse engineers, and early FM broadcasters. In the process, Frost demonstrates the tension between competition and collaboration that goes hand in hand with the emergence and refinement of new technologies. Frost's study reconsiders both the social construction of FM radio and the process of technological evolution. Historians of technology, communication, and media will welcome this important reexamination of the canonic story of early FM radio.
CROSS COUNTRY COAL PIPE LINE HYDRAULICS

Consolidation Coal's work on coal slurry extends back to 1950 when a 3-inch pipe loop was constructed. This installation was followed by a demonstration plant built in Cadiz, Ohio (1951) consisting of two loops of 12-inch pipe. As a result of this work, completed in 1952, a decision to build the 10-inch, 108-mile Eastlake pipeline was made. This line went into operation in 1957 and continued in operation until June, 1963. A total of approximately 7 million tons of coal was transported through the line. The line was moth-balled in June of 1963 after having accomplished its purpose of significantly reducing rail transportation costs for coal. The purpose of this paper is to present the more significant part of the hydraulic information accumulated over this 13-year period. As a result of this extensive hydraulic research and development program, Consolidation evolved a correlation to predict slurry pressure drop and it is the purpose of this paper to present this correlation. Because of the complexity of slurry hydraulics, some introductory remarks are provided to orient the reader regarding the area to which the correlation applies.
Gender Consumption, Microbial Profile and Potential Risk of Hot Beverages of Coffee, Tea, Milk or Cocoa Sold by Street Vendors in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Street hot beverages are increasingly consumed in Côte d’Ivoire. However, there is little data on consumption and contaminants involved in the preparation of these beverages. Thus, this study aimed to contribute to the sanitary quality of hot beverages sold in street. The study assesses the motivation of hot beverages gender consumption and the profile of some contaminants of ready-to-drink hot beverages made of tea, coffee, milk or cocoa from street vendors. Hot beverage consumers were interviewed via a questionnaire and ready-to-drink hot beverages were collected and analyzed biochemically and microbiologically with conventional methods. Thus, 431 samples of these beverages were aseptically collected from five locations of Abidjan city. The survey was conducted among 1448 hot beverage consumers including 1149 males (80%) and 289 females (20%). The results showed that males (38.7%) consumed more coffee and females (45.7%) consumed more tea. Females (27.3%) consumed hot beverages for pleasure while males (27.4%) consumed them as stimulants. Hot beverages consumers reported symptoms of diarrhea, nausea, dizziness and hand tremors which could link to beverage consumption. The results of the investigation and the enumeration of microbial showed risks associated with the methods of preparing beverages with ingredients. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacteria, yeasts and molds strains were enumerated from beverage samples. The tea with its ingredients (sugar, lemon or mint) were the most contaminated sample and coffee was least contaminated. The results of the survey showed a potential health risk linked to preparation methods, the type of beverages mainly tea with ingredients.
Systems' Requirements: Once Captured, are Slaughtered

Despite the diverse assortment of artefacts produced to support systems development processes practitioners have survived attempts to overcome the problems they face when developing requirements. These problems arise at almost every stage of systems development and are investigated with varying degrees with success by different research projects. This paper unceremoniously focuses on some of the problematic activities at the front end of systems development, namely: requirements capture and analysis. A multi-layered evaluation process that is composed of several sets (layers) of criteria is outlined. A new method/tool can then be put through these multiple layers. If successful it would be ‘ticked’ as being a viable option and adopted by practitioners. The argument made is that a move towards regulating the evaluation of methods/tools usefulness can be one way out of the ivory tower.
PENGARUH CAR, NPL DAN LDR TERHADAP ROA PADA BANK BUMN YANG GO-PUBLIC DI INDONESIA (TAHUN 2006-2010)

This research has a purpose to analyze the effect on Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) for Returm om Asset (ROA) on BUMN Go-Public 2006-2010 perod. ROA shows a comparison between the profit before tax to total assets (total assets). So, important for the banks to will be analyzed the factors to determined ROA targeted match with condition of banking and state of economy. This research using data from BUMN published financial reports 2006-2010 period. Analysis technique used is analyzed multiple linear regression and the hypothesis testing with use F and t test. Others also done a classic assumption test covering normality test, multicolinearity test, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test. Conclussion from this research describe that statistical result of LDR variable show positive and significant influence towards on ROA, CAR variable show positive and significant towards on ROA and NPL variable show negative and significant towards on ROA. Adjusted R 2 value on this research is 0,348, this nean that 34,8% of ROA variable could be explained by independent variables CAR, NPL and LDR and 65,2% remmant of these explained by outside not listed in the formula. Keyword : CAR, NPL, LDR, ROA
Physiological and Perceptual Responses in Spinal Cord Injury Handcyclists During an Endurance Interval Training

Objective This study sought to determine the physiological (oxygen uptake, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration) and perceptual (rating of perceived exertion) responses during an endurance interval training at the critical speed in elite handcyclists with spinal cord injury. Design Eight handcyclists performed an incremental test, three tests to exhaustion at a constant speed to determine critical speed, and the endurance interval training. The endurance interval training consisted of 6 × 5 mins at the individualized critical speed, with passive recovery of 50 secs. All testing was performed using their own handcycles on an oversized motorized treadmill. Physiological and perceptual responses were assessed during the incremental and endurance interval training tests. Results There was no significant difference in average oxygen uptake from the first to the sixth repetition. The mean ∆[La−]10_last between the 10th to the 30th minute of the exercise was −0.36 mmol·l−1, and no difference was detected from the first to the sixth repetition. The heart rate also remained stable during endurance interval training, whereas rating of perceived exertion increased significantly throughout the session. Conclusions Repetitions of 5 mins at the critical speed in elite handcyclists are associated with cardiorespiratory and lactate steady state, whereas the perceived exertion increased systematically.
Assessing Microbial Safety of Drinking Water: Improving Approaches and Methods

Inadequate drinking water quality and poor sanitation have remained the world's major causes of preventable morbidity and mortality. In 1996 the OECD called for concerted action to improve the assessment and management of the world's sources of drinking water. This guidance document seeks to respond to this call. It is the product of a shared initiative between the OECD and the World Health Organization. It is a state-of-the-art review that will contribute to the revisions of the WHO's Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. Assessing Microbial Safety Of Drinking-water has elements of both revolution and evolution. It is revolutionary in that it supports a rapidly emerging approach for a broader, system-wide management perspective. This is based on a risk management framework that has evolved from the traditional indicator concept to include multiple parameters and where consideration is also given to tolerable risk, water quality targets and public health status. This title belongs to WHO Drinking-water Quality Series. ISBN: 9781780405872 (eBook) ISBN: 9781843390367 (Print)
Clinical Effectiveness of Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Homozygous for F508del-CFTR. A Clinical Trial

Rationale: The combination of lumacaftor (LUM) and ivacaftor (IVA) is an approved CFTR (cystic ﬁ brosis [CF] transmembrane conductance regulator) modulator treatment for homozygous F508del patients with CF. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of LUM/IVA in children (6 yr or more) and adults (more than 18 yr) in a postapproval setting. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study, performed at 38 centers in the U.S. CF Therapeutics Development Network, enrolled homozygous F508del patients with CF ages 6 years old and older with no prior exposure to LUM/IVA. Study assessments were performed at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LUM/IVA initiation. Results: A total of 193 patients initiated LUM/IVA, and 85% completed the study through 1 year. Baseline mean percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ppFEV 1 ) was 85 (standard deviation, 22.4) in this cohort. No statistically signi ﬁ cant change in ppFEV 1 was observed from baseline to any of the follow-up time points, with a mean absolute change at 12 months of 2 0.3 (95% con ﬁ dence interval [CI], 2 1.8 to 1.2). Body mass index improved from baseline to 12 months (mean change, 0.8 kg/m 2 ; P , 0.001). Sweat chloride decreased from baseline to 1 month (mean change, 2 18.5 mmol/L; 95% CI, 2 20.7 to 2 16.3; P , 0.001), and these reductions were sustained through the study period. There were no signi ﬁ cant changes in hospitalization rate for pulmonary exacerbations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection status with treatment. Conclusions: In this real-world multicenter cohort of children and adults, LUM/IVA treatment was associated with signi ﬁ cant improvements in growth and reductions in sweat chloride without statistically signi ﬁ cant or clinically meaningful changes in lung function, hospitalization rates, or P. aeruginosa infection. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT
Non-conventional feedstuffs in rabbits and poultry nutrition : utilization and effects of feed processing methods

Approved: Peter R. Cheeke Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the utilization of non-conventional feedstuffs, feed additives and feed processing methods on the performance of fryer rabbits, layers and broiler chicks, and on the reproductive performance of rabbit does. The study consisted of three sections: (1) utilization of non-conventional feedstuffs. (2) feed additives, and (3) feed processing methods. In section one, buckwheat, almond hulls and cottonseed meal were utilized at various levels in the diets of rabbit fryers and does. The results indicated that the performance of the fryer rabbits was not affected by any dietary levels of the buckwheat, but only up to 40% almond hulls and 10% cottonseed meal supported adequate growth. Levels above 40% and 10% in almond hulls and cottonseed meal, respectively, were observed to be detrimental to the overall performance. Digestibility of nutrients was not significantly affected by any dietary levels of buckwheat and almond hulls, except Redacted for Privacy ADF digestibility in the buckwheat diets had negative values. Doe reproduction and other performance parameters were significantly impaired with increasing levels of cottonseed meal. Supplementation of triticale, rye and barley containing diets with a commercial source of B glucanase improved the performance of broiler chickens and laying hens. No effects on the growth or nutrient digestibility of triticale, rye and barley diets were observed in rabbits. Ammoniation was evaluated as a means of detoxifying natural toxins in various seeds and forages. Ammoniation significantly increased the nitrogen content of wheat mill run and toxin-containing seeds and forages, but did not consistently improve the performance of the chicks. The growth rates of broilers fed ammoniated datura seeds, radish seeds, meadowfoam, and vetch seeds, were improved. This may have been due to a decrease in the toxic constituents of the seeds and forages as a result of degradation under alkaline conditions. Ammoniation of certain seeds and plant materials such as tansy ragwort, crotalaria seeds, endophyte infected tall fescue seeds, cottonseed meal, leucaena leaves, pinto beans and raw soybean had little or no effects on broiler chick performance. It was concluded that non-conventional feedstuffs can be utilized for animal production; however, due to certain constituents of some of the plants, feed additives or feed processing methods like ammoniation are needed to enhance their utilization for animal production. NON-CONVENTIONAL FEEDSTUFFS IN RABBITS AND POULTRY NUTRITION: UTILIZATION AND EFFECTS OF FEED PROCESSING
DOCUMENTATION OF THE POLAND FARM SURVEY 2000

This documentation summarises the technical information about the Poland farm survey 2000. This survey was recently carried out in co-operation with Polish partners by the Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO) in Halle (Saale), Germany. The topics covered in the documentation are a description and reprint of the questionnaire, sample design, survey organisation and implementation, data management, calculation of certain compound variables, and a brief assessment of the experiences made with the instrument.
Tyre bales in construction

Around 450,000t tyres are scrapped in the UK each year. However, other than for use in engineering works, the EC Landfill Directive outlaws the disposal of whole tyres in landfill and will outlaw the disposal of shredded tyres to landfill by 2006. In addition there is no provision in the Directive to allow the use of tyre shred for engineering purposes in landfill. Clearly alternative means of disposal are required. Forms of potential recovery include use in civil engineering as well as energy recovery and retreading. The form in which the tyre material may be used in civil engineering varies from small crumb and shred particles up to whole tyres, depending upon the application and the technical requirements thereof. The fabrication of bales comprising 110 to 120 tyres is a relatively new means of tyre recovery. The bales measure approximately 1.3m by 1.5m by 0.8m and have a mass of around 890kg and a density of approximately 0.55Mg/m3. In addition to being considerably less dense than most conventional construction products, and therefore being highly suitable for construction over soft ground, the bales are highly permeable. This report presents a series of guides which detail possible approaches to the design and construction of a wide range of applications: road foundations over soft ground; slope failure remediation; lightweight embankment fill; gravity retaining walls; drainage layers; storm water management systems and rainwater soakaways; and environmental barriers. The application guides are supported by an extensive study of key properties and behaviours including dimensions, volume, mass, density, mechanical properties, hydraulic properties and behaviours in relation to durability, contamination potential, fire resistance, and human health and safety. Issues common to multiple applications are also presented, including the supply and construction of bales, their handling, alignment and layout, fill around the bales, maximum height of tyre bale fill, cover depth and cover stability, drainage, contamination, typical costs, and end of service life. The manufacturing process of tyre bales is described in some detail and, with other information, used as the basis for an engineering specification. (A)
Principles of Operations Management with Tutorials

Part 1 Introduction to operations management operations and productivity operations strategy for goods and services forecasting. Part 2 Building world class operations: total quality management quality via statistical process control design of goods and services process and capacity design selecting the location people and work systems layout designs. Part 3 Managing world class operatons: inventory for independent demand inventory for dependant demand (MRP) just-in-time systems supply chain management aggregate scheduling short-term scheduling project scheduling maintenance management. Part 4 Tutorials: decision-making tools linear programming transportation modelling learning curves waiting line models simulation. Appendices: normal distribution using POM for Windows answers to self-tests answers to even-numbered problems.
Software Engineering Practice

I have been extensively involved in different aspects of software engineering process (i.e., project management, requirement analysis, design, development, documentation, and maintenance), which have produced high-quality software systems. Some examples include: • Design, development, documentation and enhancement of a software architecture recovery and evaluation toolkit (Alborz, with +35,000 Lines of Code whose underlying theory was developed as part of my PhD thesis. • Directing a project for interoperability of two healthcare systems (a clinical decision support system and a specialized patient database) using web services technology and Health Level version 3 (HL7 v3) messaging standards. • Design and development of software that controls five concurrent stations of a restaurants system, such as: order taking, food-preparation, order-assembly, inventory, and management. • Involving in documentation and technical staff training of a private digital switching system (PBX) with over 1000 subscribers. • Evaluation of two commercial computer-aided software engineering toolkits for educational purposes.