Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Abundance and Synchrony between Laricobius osakensis (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) and its Prey, Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in Japan

ABSTRACT Laricobius osakensis Montgomery & Shiyake, native to Japan, is being measured as a potential biological control agent of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, in the eastern United States. Adelges tsugae, a destructive pest threatening the hemlock ecosystems in the eastern United States, was introduced from Japan. This is the first detailed study of the life history of L. osakensis, A. tsugae, and their interaction in Japan. The seasonal abundance of L. osakensis and A. tsugae was assessed in a field study conducted from December of 2007 to November of 2008 in Hyogo, Nara, and Osaka Prefectures (Japan). The sistentes generation of A. tsugae in Japan matured 2 mo later than that reported in British Columbia, Canada, but 1 and 2 mo earlier than in Virginia and in Connecticut, respectively. Timing of the sexuparae generation occurrence in Japan was similar to that observed in Connecticut and Virginia, but this generation has not been observed in British Columbia. Phenological differences among the various A. tsugae population in the eastern U.S. states and Japan can be explained by temperature differences at the locations. Aestival diapause of the predator L. osakensis coincided with diapausing first-instar A. tsugae sistentes. The start of L. osakensis adult activity, oviposition, and larval development was synchronized closely with sistentes development resumption, sistentes adults close to oviposition, and sistentes adults with eggs, respectively. These results indicate good synchrony between L. osakensis and suitable prey stages of A. tsugae in the native habitat of both species.
Fitting Fully Observed Recursive Mixed-process Models with cmp

At the heart of many econometric models are a linear function and a normal error. Examples include the classical small-sample linear regression model and the probit, ordered probit, multinomial probit, tobit, interval regression, and truncated-distribution regression models. Because the normal distribution has a natural multidimensional generalization, such models can be combined into mul-tiequation systems in which the errors share a multivariate normal distribution. The literature has historically focused on multistage procedures for fitting mixed models, which are more efficient computationally, if less so statistically, than maximum likelihood. Direct maximum likelihood estimation has been made more practical by faster computers and simulated likelihood methods for estimating higher-dimensional cumulative normal distributions. Such simulated likelihood methods include the Geweke–Hajivassiliou-Keane algorithm (Geweke, 1989, Econometrica 57: 1317–1339; Hajivassiliou and McFadden, 1998, Econometrica 66: 863–896; Keane, 1994, Econometrica 62: 95–116). Maximum likelihood also facilitates a generalization to switching, selection, and other models in which the number and types of equations vary by observation. The Stata command cmp fits seemingly unrelated regressions models of this broad family. Its estimator is also consistent for recursive systems in which all endogenous variables appear on the right-hand sides as observed. If all the equations are structural, then estimation is full-information maximum likelihood. If only the final stage or stages are structural, then estimation is limited-information maximum likelihood. cmp can mimic a score of built-in and user-written Stata commands. It is also appropriate for a panoply of models that previously were hard to estimate. Heteroskedasticity, however, can render cmp inconsistent. This article explains the theory and implementation of cmp and of a related Mata function, ghk2(), that implements the Geweke–Hajivassiliou–Keane algorithm.
The Role of Egg Turning during Incubation

Egg turning is a crucial aspect of normal incubation under a bird or in a machine. With some exceptions all birds turn their eggs and commercial incubators employ systems which move whole trays of eggs typically through 90 once every hour in the setter (usually 45 either side of the horizontal). After transfer into the hatcher the eggs do not need to be turned. It has long been understood that failure to turn eggs during incubation lowers hatchability and chick quality. This chapter investigates the reason why egg turning is so important during incubation and provides information on the kinds of problems encountered when there is a problem with turning during artificial incubation.
Seasonal incidence, infestation and Trap catches of Cnaphalocrocis mendinalis (Guenee) in Rice

The adults of leaf folder light trapped 5 adults during 26th SW and reached its maximum (45 adults) in 33rd SW. Correlation coefficient between weather parameters and light trap catches revealed that only mean R.H. (r = 0.793) and minimum temperature (r = 0.513) had a significant positive effect on light trap catch of adults. In general, weather factors had 68.2% influence on light trap catch during the study period. Incidence of larvae on rice leaves commenced in 27th SW with 0.33 larvae/10 hills and reached its maximum (19 larvae/10 hills) in 36th SW. Correlation coefficients between weather parameters and build up of larval population did not show any significant effect. But, weather factors had 50.0% effect on larval population. Infested leaves (0.3%/10 hills) were observed in the field from 27th SW and reached its maximum (5.3%/10 hills) during 37th SW. Correlation studies revealed that weather factors had no significant influence on leaf infestation however, resulted in 57.2% influence on leaf infestation.
The impact of the alveolar bone sites on early implant failure: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Dental implants are the first option for replacement of missing teeth. Failure usually involves additional cost and procedures. As a result, the physician should limit the risk factors associated with implant failures. Implant site is one of many factors that can influence the success or failure of dental implants. The association between early implant failure (EIF) and implant site has yet to be documented. This review aims to estimate the impact of insertion site on the percentage of EIFs. An electronic and manual search of studies that reported early failure of dental implants based on collection site. A total of 21 studies were included in the review and examined for the association between EIF and alveolar site. Subgroup analysis, including a comparison between implants inserted in four alveolar ridge regions of both jaws was performed. The early failure rate was higher for maxillary implants (3.14%) compared to mandibular implants (1.96%). Applying a random effect, risk ratio (RR), and confidence interval (CI) of 95% revealed higher failure in the maxilla compared to the mandible (RR 1.41; 95% CI [1.19, 1.67]; P<0.0001; I2=58%). The anterior maxilla is more critical for early implant loss than other alveolar bone sites. Implants in the anterior mandible exhibited the best success rate compared of the sites.
Full Issue in PDF / Numéro complet enform PDF

This review describes the context of the Canadian Wetland Inventory (CWI) and then defines the specifications, establishes the most appropriate dataset, and explores the options for its implementation. The CWI is based on the assumption that a consistent map for all areas of Canada using satellite imagery can be produced for a minimum mapping unit of 1 ha. The CWI will establish the state of land cover for wetlands around year 2000, and the CWI map will classify wetlands according to the following scheme defined in the Canadian Wetland Classification System: bog, fen, marsh, swamp, and shallow water. It will then be possible to roll the map up into simpler classes (i.e., upland, wetland, open waters, and coastal waters) compatible with other map products. A wide array of datasets is available, and their potential use in the context of the CWI is explored. The best options regarding the mapping method and the evaluation of the map products are both described, keeping in mind that the most suitable method must strike a balance between methodological advances and practical considerations. This review places the various limitations associated with the CWI in perspective and supports several of the CWI specifications; it should also facilitate selection of a strategy tailored to its implementation, in particular for the classification method and the evaluation of the map. Résumé. Cette revue décrit le contexte de l’Inventaire Canadien des Terres Humides (ICTH), ses spécifications techniques ainsi que les données les plus pertinentes pour sa réalisation tout en explorant les options pour sa mise en œuvre. L’ICTH est conçu sur l’hypothèse qu’il est possible de produire des cartes de spécifications uniformes pour l’ensemble du Canada en utilisant l’imagerie satellitaire pour une unité géographique minimale de 1 ha. L’ICTH établira la distribution spatiale des terres humides pour des images principalement acquises en l’an 2000. Les cartes produites dans le cadre de l’ICTH fourniront une représentation des terres humides dans l’une des cinq classes définies par le Système de classification des terres humides du Canada, soit : bog, fen, marécage, marais et eau peu profonde. Dans le but d’assurer la compatibilité avec les autres produits cartographiques, ces cinq classes pourront être regroupées sous une seule nommée terres humides telles les terres émergées, les terres humides et les eaux lacustres et côtières. Un large éventail de données d’observation de la terre est disponible et leur potentiel d’utilisation dans le contexte de l’ICTH est examiné. Les options les plus intéressantes concernant les méthodes de cartographie et l’évaluation des résultats sont décrites en considérant un compromis entre la rigueur scientifique et les considérations pratiques. Finalement, cette revue met en perspective les différentes limites associées à l’ICTH et elle apporte des justifications pour plusieurs de ses spécifications. Elle devrait alors faciliter la sélection d’une stratégie pour sa réalisation plus spécifiquement au sujet des méthodes de classification des images et d’évaluation des produits cartographiques. 16
Survival and Cause-Specific Mortality of Male Mule Deer Under Different Hunting Regulations in the Bridger Mountains, Montana

Abstract We selected 2 adjacent populations of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) in the Bridger Mountains, Montana, USA, to measure effects on survival rates and causes of mortality of 2 hunting regulations designed to enhance representation of mature males. We compared male survival between the West Slope and South 16 Mile populations considering both hunting and nonhunting sources of mortality with respect to age (fawn, yearling, and mature), month (Jun–May), and year (1990–1995). Harvest rates of mature males were greater than for yearlings, demonstrating hunter preferences. We found no differences in yearling monthly survival rates between October and November or between areas or years. In contrast, we found survival of mature males differed between October and November and across years and study areas. During these months, survival rates of mature males averaged 0.602 on the West Slope under the 2-point regulation and 0.762 on South 16 Mile under the outfitted hunt. Monthly survival during summer also differed by age class, but not area, with estimates of 0.963 for yearling males, and corresponding mature male survival estimates of 0.991, demonstrating greater yearling summer mortality. Winter survival rates of yearlings and matures were similar for both areas with a monthly estimate of 0.986. We found differences in spring monthly survival estimates for the 2 areas, mainly for matures. Yearling male monthly survival estimates were 0.959 and 0.958 for the 2 areas, whereas corresponding mature male estimates during spring were 0.991 and 0.936 on the West Slope and South 16 Mile, respectively. Fawn survival rates varied from 0.101 to 0.770 among years and between areas overwinter. Cumulative effects of nonhunting mortality among all age classes reduced the effectiveness of 2 hunting regulations designed to enhance survival of males to age classes ≥4 years associated with maximum antler development despite accomplishing reductions in harvest rates. Low and variable fawn survival and relatively high nonhunting-related losses of yearling and mature males might be typical of many populations in the Northern Rocky Mountains. Deer managers should avoid populations coexisting with a diversity of large predators in environments with strong year effects when considering opportunities for implementing harvest regulations to improve representation of mature males.
Effectiveness of a web platform on university students’ motivation to quit smoking

Objective: to know the dependence on nicotine and the motivation to quit smoking in Nursing and Physiotherapy students of a university in the South of Spain, and to evaluate the impact of an intervention based on the use of information technologies on the motivation to quit smoking. Method: a pilot study in two phases: the first being cross-sectional and the second, a before-and-after intervention. The motivation to quit smoking was assessed by means of the Richmond questionnaire, and the dependence on nicotine through the Fagerström questionnaire; additionally, an intervention was performed based on the use of a web platform to increase motivation to quit smoking. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Results: the prevalence in the use of tobacco was 4.33% (n=29). 3.45% of the participants had a high level of dependence; and 6.90%, a high level of motivation. The level of motivation did not change after the intervention (p=0.10). Conclusion: most of the students have low levels of motivation to quit smoking and of physical dependence to nicotine. The level of motivation to quit smoking does not change after performing the intervention.
The Bacterial Gut Microbiota of Schoolchildren from High and Low Socioeconomic Status: A Study in an Urban Area of Makassar, Indonesia

To understand the relationship between the gut microbiota and the health profile of Indonesians, it is important to elucidate the characteristics of the bacterial communities that prevail in this population. To this end, we profiled the faecal bacterial community of 140 Indonesian schoolchildren in urban Makassar. The core microbiota of Indonesian schoolchildren consisted of Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, and multiple members of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminicoccaceae families, but the relative abundance of these taxa varied greatly among children. Socioeconomic status (SES) was the main driver for differences in microbiota composition. Multiple bacterial genera were differentially abundant between high and low SES children, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Escherichia-Shigella. In addition, the microbiota of high SES children was less diverse and strongly associated with body mass index (BMI). In low SES children, helminth infection was prevalent and positively associated with Olsenella, Enterohabdus, Lactobacillus, and Mogibacterium abundance, while negatively associated with relative abundance of Prevotella. Protozoa infection was also prevalent, and positively associated with Rikenellaceae, while it was negatively associated with the relative abundance of Romboutsia and Prevotella. In conclusion, Indonesian schoolchildren living in urban Makassar share a core microbiota, but their microbiota varies in diversity and relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa depending on socioeconomic status, nutritional status, and intestinal parasites infection.
Association of Successful Ultrasound-Accelerated Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis with Postthrombotic Syndrome: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CAVA Trial

Abstract Background The CAVA trial did not show the anticipated risk reduction for postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) after thrombus removal via additional ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis (UACDT) in patients with acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (IFDVT). Difficulties in achieving an effective degree of recanalization through thrombolysis may have influenced outcomes. We therefore assessed whether successful UACDT (restored patency ≥ 90%) did reduce the development of PTS. Methods This CAVA trial post hoc analysis compared the proportion of PTS at 1-year follow-up between patients with successful UACDT and patients that received standard treatment only. In addition, clinical impact as well as determinants of successful thrombolysis were explored. Results UACDT was initiated in 77 (50.7%) patients and considered successful in 41 (53.2%, interrater agreement κ = 0.7, 95% confidence interval 0.47–0.83). PTS developed in 15/41 (36.6%) patients in the successful UACDT group versus 33/75 (44.0%) controls (p = 0.44). In this comparison, successful UACDT was associated with lower Venous Clinical Severity Score (3.50 ± 2.57 vs. 4.82 ± 2.74, p = 0.02) and higher EuroQOL-5D (EQ-5D) scores (40.2 ± 36.4 vs. 23.4 ± 34.4, p = 0.01). Compared with unsuccessful UACDT, successful UACDT was associated with a shorter symptom duration at inclusion (p = 0.05), and higher rates of performed adjunctive procedures (p < 0.001) and stent placement (p < 0.001). Conclusion Successful UACDT was not associated with a reduced proportion of PTS 1 year after acute IFDVT compared with patients receiving standard treatment alone. There was, however, a significant reduction in symptom severity and improvement of generic quality of life according to the EQ-5D. Better patient selection and optimization of treatment protocols are needed to assess the full potential of UACDT for the prevention of PTS. Trial Registration Number ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00970619.
Productivity, utilization efficiency and sward targets for mixed pastures of marandugrass, forage peanut and tropical kudzu

This study was carried out to evaluate the productivity and utilization efficiency of a mixed marandugrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu), forage peanut (Arachis pintoi cv. Mandobi) and tropical kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides) pasture, rotationally stocked at four daily forage allowance levels (6.6, 10.3, 14.3 and 17.9% of live weight), in order to define sward management targets for these mixtures. In each stocking cycle, dry matter (DM) accumulation rates, defoliation intensity (%), grazing depth (%) and grazed horizon (cm) were evaluated. Sward targets were defined according to the sward condition that best conciliated the grass-legume balance and the equilibrium between forage production and utilization. Pastures submitted to higher forage allowance levels showed higher productivity, but were less efficiently utilized. It was not possible to establish sward management targets for marandugrass-tropical kudzu pastures. For marandugrass-forage peanut pastures the best sward state was set with forage allowance of 10.3% of live weight. Under rotational stocking, the following sward targets were suggested for these pastures in the Western Amazon: pre-grazing height of 30-35 cm (June to September) or 45-50 cm (October to May) and post-grazing sward height of 20-25 cm (June to September) or 25-30 cm (October to May).
Underestimation of Abundances of the Monito Del Monte (Dromiciops gliroides) due to a Sampling Artifact

Abstract The monito del monte (Dromiciops gliroides) is an arboreal marsupial found only in austral South American temperate rain forests. Its conservation is a priority as the only extant species of the order Microbiotheria. We investigated whether the apparent low abundances reported for D. gliroides are real, or reflect a sampling artifact. We used wire-mesh and Sherman live traps, devices for recording tracks and hair, 2 types of bait, and 2 trap placements (ground level and 1.5–2.5 m high) in an old-growth forest in southern Chile. Type of bait and placement height affected captures of D. gliroides. The most efficient trapping combination (wire-mesh traps baited with banana, and placed above ground) yielded capture rates of up to 11%, and a relative population density of 21 ± 5 individuals/ha (mean ± SE), whereas traditional methods used for sampling small mammals were not effective. The sampling artifact uncovered here may have important future management and conservation implications.
Evaluation of the Deterioration State of Archaeological Wooden Artifacts: A Non-destructive Protocol based on Direct Analysis in Real Time - Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) coupled to Chemometrics.

Evaluating the deterioration state of archaeological wood is obligatory before the preservation of archaeological wooden artifacts. Herein, a non-destructive, accurate and rapid methodology is firstly developed via Direct Analysis in Real Time-Mass spectrome-try (DART-MS) with chemometrics to classify archaeological wood and recent wood into 3 groups according to their deterioration states. As water in wooden artifacts probably affected the ion fragmentation process during DART-MS, ions responsible for eval-uating the deterioration state were separately screened towards waterlogged archaeological wood and dried archaeological wood by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The well-defined separation of severely-decayed archaeological wood, moderately-decayed archaeological wood and recent wood was revealed in PLS-DA models. 20 and 27 wood fragment ions were further screened as key variables to evaluate the deterioration state of waterlogged archaeological wood and dried archaeological wood, respectively. They were tentatively identified as ions of lignin monomeric compositions, lignin dimers, lignin trimers and oligosaccharides. Results strongly suggested that differences in the structure and relative abundances of wood cell wall compo-nents accounts for the evaluation of deterioration state by DART-MS coupled to chemometrics. PLS-DA models provided R2Y=0.84, Q2=0.82 and R2Y=0.754, Q2=0.682 were then established separately using mass spectral fingerprints of respective po-tential predictive wood fragment ions. Furthermore, archaeological woods, consisting of Castanopsis, Quercus, Idesia, Populus and Cunninghamia species and with an average MWC range of 103%-465%, were used as an external validation set and evaluated with the methodology developed herein and the MWC criteria. Results showed that DART-MS coupled to chemometrics could accurately predict the inhomogeneous deterioration states of archaeological wooden artifacts and avoid the interference of inor-ganic deposits, in comparison with the MWC criteria.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 patients with false‐negative SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid

This study investigates the clinical and imaging characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with false‐negative nucleic acids. Mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 patients, including 19 cases of nucleic acid false‐negative patients and 31 cases of nucleic acid positive patients, were enrolled. Their epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory examination data and imaging characteristics were analyzed. Risk factors for false negatives were discussed. Compared with the nucleic acid positive group, the false‐negative group had less epidemiological exposure (52.6% vs 83.9%; P = .025), less chest discomfort (5.3% vs 32.3%; P = .035), and faster recovery (10 [8, 13] vs 15 [11, 18.5] days; P = .005). The number of involved lung lobes was (2 [1, 2.5] vs 3 [2, 4] days; P = .004), and the lung damage severity score was (3 [2.5, 4.5] vs 5 [4, 9] days; P = .007), which was lighter in the nucleic acid false‐negative group. Thus, the absence of epidemiological exposure may be a potential risk factor for false‐negative nucleic acids. The false‐negative cases of COVID‐19 are worth noting because they have a risk of viral transmission without positive test results, lighter clinical manifestations, and less history of epidemiological exposure.