Effects of dietary fumonisins on nutrients digestibility in weanling pigs

Submitted 2020-06-15 | Accepted 2020-07-01 | Available 2020-12-01 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020. 23.mi-fpap.23-28 The aim of the study was to ascertain the potential effects of fumonisins on nutrients’ digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract. Eighteen (n= 6 x 3) weanling pigs from the age of 35 days were administered 0, 15 or 30 mg/kg dietary fumonisins (FB1, FB2 and FB3) for a period of 21days, after an acclimatization period of 14 days. Titanium dioxide (0.5%) was added as indigestible marker to the feed and representative fecal samples were taken during a 5-day collection period in order to determine the digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, starch, ash, calcium, phosphorus and energy. The final body weights, cumulative feed intake and relative organ weights of all groups were were not influenced by treatment (p>0.05). Digestibility of energy, crude fiber, ash, calcium and phosphorus were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the control group relative to either 15 or 30 mg/kg treated pigs. These findings suggest that fumonisins in a dose of 15 or 30 mg/kg potentially distorts total tract nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs and thus, compromise the nutritive value of the mixed feed. Keywords: fumonisins, pigs, gastrointestinal tract, nutrients digestibility References Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (2000). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, 17. ed MD, USA. Bartok, T. et al. (2010). Detection and characterization of twenty-eight isomers of fumonisin B1 (FB1) mycotoxin in a solid rice culture infected with Fusarium verticillioides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight and ion trap mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 24(1), 35–42. Bouhet, S. and Oswald, I.P. (2007). The intestine as a possible target for fumonisin toxicity. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 51(8), 925–931. Choct M. (2009). Managing gut health through nutrition. British Poultry Science, 50(1), 9–15. Ewing, W.N. (2008). The Living Gut. 2. ed. Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press. Gbore, F.A. , Yinusa, R.I. and Salleh, B. (2010). Evaluation of sub-chronic dietary fumonisin B1 on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of rats. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(38), 6442–6447. Gbore, F.A. (2007). Effect of dietary fumonisin B1 on histomorphology and histopathology of organs of pubertal boars. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, 2, 75–79. Gbore, F.A. and Egbunike, G.N. (2007). Influence of dietary fumonisin B1 on nutrient utilization by growing pigs. Livestock Research for Rural Development, Volume19, Article #93. Retrieved June 5, 2020 from http://www.lrrd. org/lrrd19/7/gbor19093.htm Gelineau-van Waes, J. et al. (2009). Maternal fumonisin exposure as a risk factor for neural tube defects. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 56, 145–181. Grenier, B. and Applegate, T. (2013). Modulation of intestinal functions following mycotoxin ingestion: Meta-analysis of published experiments in animals. Toxins, 5(2), 396–430. Harrison, L.R. et al. (1990). Pulmonary edema and hydrothorax in swine produced by fumonisin B1, a toxic metabolite of Fusarium moniliforme. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2(3), 217–221. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (2002). Working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, 82, 1–556. Islami, F. et al. (2009). Oesophageal cancer in Golestan Province, a high-incidence area in northern Iran - a review. European Journal of Cancer, 45(18), 3156–3165. Merrill, A. H. et al. (2001). Sphingolipid metabolism: roles in signal transduction and disruption by fumonisins. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(2), 283–289. Nelson, P.E. , Desjardins, A.E. and Plattner, R.D. (1993). Fumonisins, mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species: biology, chemistry, and significance. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 31, 233–252. Rheeder, J.P., Marasas, W.F. and Vismer, H.F. (2002). Production of fumonisin analogs by Fusarium species. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68(5), 2101–2105. SPSS. (2012). SPSS for Windows version 20, SPSS: Chicago, IL, USA. Toth, A. et al. (2000). Effect of low doses of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 on the body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate of pigs. Agriculture, 6, 149–151.