Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Model Predictive Control Strategy for Four-Switch Converter

When model predictive current control (MPCC) is applied to four-switch buck-boost (FSBB) converters, the dynamic performance of the converters will be degraded due to the discontinuity of duty cycle working area and inaccurate model parameters. Therefore, this paper introduces load current feedforward and disturbance observer to study the improvement strategy of MPCC. Firstly, an improved duty cycle prediction model with simplified Buck-Boost mode is proposed to solve the problem that the output voltage ripple of mode switching point increases due to discontinuous duty cycle working area. The dynamic response performance of the system to unknown load disturbance is improved by establishing a feedforward channel of load current. Then, according to the state space model of FSBB converter, an observer is constructed to correct the current prediction model in real time to eliminate the errors caused by inaccurate model parameters, and realize the multi-mode stable operation and smooth mode switching of FSBB converter. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform are built to verify the superiority of the proposed model and control strategy.
Prostate-Specific Antigen-Based Prostate Cancer Screening: One for All or Individualized for Each Race? – A Narrative Review

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer globally. However, significant disparities in incidence and mortality exist between countries, especially between Western and Asian regions. This review discusses the applicability of Western-based randomized controlled trials on prostate-specific antigen-based PCa screening in other regions such as Korea, where PCa is less frequently diagnosed but tends to present more aggressive features compared to Western countries. The paper also reviews major guidelines and landmark trials, emphasizing the importance of an individualized approach in the context of regional diversity in PCa incidence and mortality.
Speleogenetic Evolution and Geological Remote Sensing of the Gypsum Plain, Eddy County, New Mexico

i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF FIGURES . viii LIST OF TABLES . xiv PREFACE. xv THE COMPLEX SPELEOGENETIC EVOLUTION OF THE GYPSUM PLAIN: EDDY COUNTY, NEW MEXICO . 1 ABSTRACT .
A Comparison of Peer-to-peer Query Response Modes

In a large distributed system spanning many administrative domains such as a Grid, it is desirable to maintain and query dynamic and timely information about active participants such as services, resources and user communities. However, in such a database system, the set of information tuples in the universe is partitioned over one or more distributed nodes, for reasons including autonomy, scalability, availability, performance and security. This suggests the use of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) query technology. A variety of query response modes can be used to return matching query results from P2P nodes to an originator. Although from the functional perspective all response modes are equivalent, no mode is optimal under all circumstances. Which query response modes allow to express suitable trade-offs for a wide range of P2P applications? In this paper, we answer this question by systematically describing and characterizing four query response modes for the Unified Peer-to-Peer Database Framework (UPDF) proposed in our prior studies, namely Routed Response, Direct Response, Routed Metadata Response, and Direct Metadata Response. The response models are compared with respect to distribution and location transparency, efficiency of query support, economics, number of TCP connections at originator and agent, latency, caching and trust delegation to unknown parties. We discuss to what extent a given P2P network must mandate the use of any particular response mode throughout the system. As a result, we propose that response modes can be mixed by switches and shifts, in arbitrary permutations.
Climate change impact assessment of a river basin using CMIP5 climate models and the VIC hydrological model

ABSTRACT Climate change has significant impacts on water availability in larger river basins. The present study evaluates the possible impacts of projected future daily rainfall (2011–2099) on the hydrology of a major river basin in peninsular India, the Godavari River Basin, (GRB), under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The study highlights a criteria-based approach for selecting the CMIP5 GCMs, based on their fidelity in simulating the Indian Summer Monsoon rainfall. The nonparametric kernel regression based statistical downscaling model is employed to project future daily rainfall and the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrological model is used for hydrological simulations. The results indicate an increase in future rainfall without significant change in the spatial pattern of hydrological variables in the GRB. The climate-change-induced projected hydrological changes provide a crucial input to define water resource policies in the GRB. This methodology can be adopted for the climate change impacts assessment of larger river basins worldwide.
Vector Glyphs for Surfaces: A Fast and Simple Glyph Placement Algorithm for Adaptive Resolution Meshes

Visualization of flow on boundary surfaces from computational flow dynamics (CFD) is challenging due to the complex, adaptive resolution nature of the meshes used in the modeling and simulation process. This paper presents a fast and simple glyph placement algorithm in order to investigate and visualize flow data based on unstructured, adaptive resolution boundary meshes from CFD. The algorithm has several advantages: (1) Glyphs are automatically placed at evenly-spaced intervals. (2) The user can interactively control the spatial resolution of the glyph placement and their precise location. (3) The algorithm is fast and supports multiresolution visualization of the flow at surfaces. The implementation supports multiple representations of the flow‐some optimized for speed others for accuracy. Furthermore the approach doesn’t rely on any pre-processing of the data or parameterization of the surface and handles large meshes efficiently. The result is a tool that provides engineers with a fast and intuitive overview of their CFD simulation results.
The influence of geology on the morphologic response of the Lower Mississippi River

The Mississippi River is heavily influenced by structural and geologic controls involving regional uplifts, faults, clay plugs, outcrops of Tertiary clay, and Pleistocene gravel in its bed and tributaries. Degradation is continuing to migrate upstream on the Lower Mississippi River (LMR) and has presently moved as far upstream as the Hickman, KY, area. Left unchecked, this degradation could continue to advance on the LMR and ultimately migrate upstream into the Ohio and Middle Mississippi River systems. This degradation would not only adversely affect the stability and environmental features in the main stem of the river but also introduce headcutting into the many tributaries that enter the river in this degradational zone. Detailed studies of the exact role of these features, particularly with respect to retarding or halting long-term degradational processes along the river, have not received much attention. In this study, potential areas where geologic outcrops may influence river morphology are identified, and examples are provided that support the concept that geologic outcrops may be extremely important features that serve as temporary or permanent grade control along the river. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. MRG&P Report No. 17 iii
Implementing Realistic Heavy Ion Tracks in a SEE Prediction Tool: Comparison Between Different Approaches

Different radial ionization profiles modeling approaches are compared for the energy deposition representation in a single event effects (SEE) prediction tool. The total SEU cross-section calculated with the different approaches is compared for different SOI and bulk technologies, along with the multiple bit upset (MBU) prediction. A “refined average” approach is identified as a good trade-off for implementation in an engineer SEE prediction tool, taking into account sufficiently detailed physics, without asking for too much computer resources.
Minimum-violation LTL planning with conflicting specifications

We consider the problem of automatic generation of control strategies for robotic vehicles given a set of high-level mission specifications, such as “Vehicle x must eventually visit a target region and then return to a base,” “Regions A and B must be periodically surveyed,” or “None of the vehicles can enter an unsafe region. ” We focus on instances when all of the given specifications cannot be reached simultaneously due to their incompatibility and/or environmental constraints. We aim to find the least-violating control strategy while considering different priorities of satisfying different parts of the mission. Formally, we consider the missions given in the form of linear temporal logic formulas, each of which is assigned a reward that is earned when the formula is satisfied. Leveraging ideas from the automata-based model checking, we propose an algorithm for finding an optimal control strategy that maximizes the sum of rewards earned if this control strategy is applied. We demonstrate the proposed algorithm on an illustrative case study.
Computation of modern anthropogenic-deposit thicknesses in urban areas: A case study in Rome, Italy

In comparison with naturally stratified deposits, anthropogenic strata often have large variability in physical and chemical characteristics, which can be determined only through field surveys and laboratory tests. The estimation of their spatial distribution, based on the modelling of their basal surface, may output imprecise results, since the interpolation process is often affected by insufficient input data, which are provided by available borehole-log data. This paper reports the results of a multitemporal-analysis methodology, which is supported by historical maps that are generally available for urban centres. The methodology allows the spatial characterization of major portions of anthropogenic deposits, which were mainly produced after the Industrial Revolution, worldwide. The first tests seemed to be satisfactory, although the selected area, which has been greatly urbanized since the end of the 19th century, is part of a city in which humans have made important modifications since ancient times.
An updated review on Guillain-Barré syndrome: Challenges in infection prevention and control in low- and middle-income countries

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare condition that can be potentially life-threatening. Guillain-Barré syndrome does not have a definitive etiological agent. It is a syndrome that can arise from multiple factors, including various infectious diseases and immunizations. The severity of Guillain-Barré syndrome is exacerbated by these variables, especially in low-income and middle-income countries where healthcare systems are already constrained and struggle to meet the demands of other diseases. The primary aim of our article is to comprehensively examine the life-threatening nature and intensity of Guillain-Barré syndrome by assessing its etiology, progression, and prevalence in low- and middle-income nations while also considering global trends. Furthermore, we proposed the implementation of standard and efficacious treatment and diagnostic resources that are readily accessible and successful in affluent nations and should also be readily accessible in impoverished nations without any unnecessary delay. Our study also emphasized the epidemiological data with molecular epidemiological analysis and the utilization of artificial technology in low- and middle-income nations. The goal was to decrease the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome cases and facilitate early detection.
Regionalism's challenge to the pollution haven hypothesis: a study of Northeast Asia and China*

Abstract This paper explores the phenomena of environmental coordination within Northeast Asia. I initially frame the discussion around claims that China is a pollution haven for its neighboring countries, and I look for evidence in the domestic and regional environmental institutions which challenge China's pollution haven status. I find that that there is a science and technology-based epistemic community in Northeast Asia which provides an important theoretical response to counter the pollution haven hypothesis. As well, given its strong science and technological output, Japan is poised to assume leadership of the Northeast Asian environmental regime for at least the short- to medium-term.
Rheological Weakening of Olivine + Orthopyroxene Aggregates Due to Phase Mixing: 1. Mechanical Behavior

To understand the processes involved in rheological weakening due to phase mixing in olivine + orthopyroxene aggregates, we conducted high‐strain torsion experiments on two‐phase samples at a temperature of 1200°C and a confining pressure of 300 MPa. Samples composed of iron‐rich olivine plus 26% orthopyroxene were deformed to outer radius shear strains of up to γ ≈ 26. Values for the stress exponent, n, and grain size exponent, p, were determined based on least squares fits of the strain rate, stress, and grain size data to a power law creep equation both at smaller strains (γ ≤ 3) and at larger strains (γ ≥ 24). Microstructural observations demonstrate that with increasing shear strain, grain size decreased and mixtures of small, equant grains of olivine and pyroxene developed. The values of n and p combined with associated changes in microstructure demonstrate that our samples deformed (i) by dislocation‐accommodated grain‐boundary sliding with subgrains present at lower strains and (ii) by dislocation‐accommodated grain‐boundary sliding with subgrains absent at higher strains. The evolution of both the mechanical and the microstructural properties observed in this study provide insights into the dynamic processes associated with rheological weakening and strain localization in the plastically deforming portion of the lithosphere.
Pattern of collaterals, type of infarcts, and haemodynamic impairment in carotid artery occlusion

Background: In internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) indicates inadequate collateral blood flow distal to the occlusion, which may be caused by poor function of collateral pathways. In ICA occlusion, the circle of Willis may be the major collateral pathway, while the collaterals through the ophthalmic artery and leptomeningeal vessels may be recruited when collateral flow through the circle of Willis is inadequate. Conversely, ischaemic lesions may affect the adequacy of collateral blood flow by reducing the metabolic demand of the brain. Objective: To determine whether the pattern of collateral pathways and the type of infarcts are independent predictors of OEF in ICA occlusion. Methods: We studied 42 patients with symptomatic ICA occlusion. The presence of Willisian, ophthalmic, or leptomeningeal collaterals was evaluated by conventional four vessel angiography. The infarcts on magnetic resonance imaging were categorised as territorial, border zone (external or internal), striatocapsular, lacunar, and other white matter infarcts. The value of OEF in the affected hemisphere was measured with positron emission tomography as an index of haemodynamic impairment. Results: Using multivariate analysis, the presence of any ophthalmic or leptomeningeal collaterals and the absence of striatocapsular infarcts were significant and independent predictors of increased OEF. Conclusions: In patients with symptomatic ICA occlusion, the supply of collateral flow, which is affected by the pattern of collateral pathways, and the metabolic demand of the brain, which is affected by the type of infarct, may be important factors determining the severity of haemodynamic impairment.
A novel chordin-like protein inhibitor for bone morphogenetic proteins expressed preferentially in mesenchymal cell lineages.

Chordin is a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitor that has been identified as a factor dorsalizing the Xenopus embryo. A novel secreted protein, CHL (for chordin-like), with significant homology to chordin, was isolated from mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Injection of CHL RNA into Xenopus embryos induced a secondary axis. Recombinant CHL protein inhibited the BMP4-dependent differentiation of embryonic stem cells in vitro and interacted directly with BMPs, similar to chordin. However, CHL also weakly bound to TGFbetas. In situ hybridization revealed that the mouse CHL gene, located on the X chromosome, was expressed predominantly in mesenchyme-derived cell types: (1) the dermatome and limb bud mesenchyme and, later, the subdermal mesenchyme and the chondrocytes of the developing skeleton during embryogenesis and (2) a layer of fibroblasts/connective tissue cells in the gastrointestinal tract, the thick straight segments of kidney tubules, and the marrow stromal cells in adults. An exception was expression in the neural cells of the olfactory bulb and cerebellum. Interestingly, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of CHL were distinct from those of chordin in many areas examined. Thus, CHL may serve as an important BMP regulator for differentiating mesenchymal cells, especially during skeletogenesis, and for developing specific neurons.
SocialSearchBrowser: a novel mobile search and information discovery tool

The mobile Internet offers anytime, anywhere access to a wealth of information to billions of users across the globe. However, the mobile Internet represents a challenging information access platform due to the inherent limitations of mobile environments, limitations that go beyond simple screen size and network issues. Mobile users often have information needs which are impacted by contexts such as location and time. Furthermore, human beings are social creatures that often seek out new strategies for sharing knowledge and information in mobile settings. To investigate the social aspect of mobile search, we have developed SocialSearchBrowser (SSB), a novel proof-of-concept interface that incorporates social networking capabilities with key mobile contexts to improve the search and information discovery experience of mobile users. In this paper, we present the results of an exploratory field study of SSB and outline key implications for the design of next generation mobile information access services.
Measles & rubella outbreaks in Maharashtra State, India

Background & objectives: Under the outbreak-based measles surveillance in Maharashtra State the National Institute of Virology at Pune receives 3-5 serum samples from each outbreak and samples from the local hospitals in Pune for laboratory diagnosis. This report describes one year data on the measles and rubella serology, virus isolation and genotyping. Methods: Maharashtra State Health Agencies investigated 98 suspected outbreaks between January-December 2013 in the 20 districts. Altogether, 491 serum samples were received from 20 districts and 126 suspected cases from local hospitals. Samples were tested for the measles and rubella IgM antibodies by commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA). To understand the diagnostic utility, a subset of serum samples (n=53) was tested by measles focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT). Further, 37 throat swabs and 32 urine specimens were tested by measles reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and positive products were sequenced. Virus isolation was performed in Vero hSLAM cells. Results: Of the 98 suspected measles outbreaks, 61 were confirmed as measles, 12 as rubella and 21 confirmed as the mixed outbreaks. Four outbreaks remained unconfirmed. Of the 126 cases from the local hospitals, 91 were confirmed for measles and three for rubella. Overall, 93.6 per cent (383/409) confirmed measles cases were in the age group of 0-15 yr. Measles virus was detected in 18 of 38 specimens obtained from the suspected cases. Sequencing of PCR products revealed circulation of D4 (n=9) and D8 (n=9) strains. Four measles viruses (three D4 & one D8) were isolated. Interpretation & conclusions: Altogether, 94 measles and rubella outbreaks were confirmed in 2013 in the State of Maharasthra indicating the necessity to increase measles vaccine coverage in the State.
Dysregulation of LINC00324 promotes poor prognosis in patients with glioma

Background LINC00324 is a long-stranded non-coding RNA, which is aberrantly expressed in various cancers and is associated with poor prognosis and clinical features. It involves multiple oncogenic molecular pathways affecting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. However, the expression, function, and mechanism of LINC00324 in glioma have not been reported. Material and methods We assessed the expression of LINC00324 of LINC00324 in glioma patients based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) to identify pathways involved in LINC00324-related glioma pathogenesis. Results Based on our findings, we observed differential expression of LINC00324 between tumor and normal tissues in glioma patients. Our analysis of overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) indicated that glioma patients with high LINC00324 expression had a poorer prognosis compared to those with low LINC00324 expression. By integrating clinical data and genetic signatures from TCGA patients, we developed a nomogram to predict OS and DSS in glioma patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that several pathways, including JAK/STAT3 signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, STAT5 signaling, NF-κB activation, and apoptosis, were differentially enriched in glioma samples with high LINC00324 expression. Furthermore, we observed significant correlations between LINC00324 expression, immune infiltration levels, and expression of immune checkpoint-related genes (HAVCR2: r = 0.627, P = 1.54e-77; CD40: r = 0.604, P = 1.36e-70; ITGB2: r = 0.612, P = 6.33e-7; CX3CL1: r = -0.307, P = 9.24e-17). These findings highlight the potential significance of LINC00324 in glioma progression and suggest avenues for further research and potential therapeutic targets. Conclusion Indeed, our results confirm that the LINC00324 signature holds promise as a prognostic predictor in glioma patients. This finding opens up new possibilities for understanding the disease and may offer valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies.