Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AQUATIC INSECTS OF PEATLANDS AND MARSHES IN CANADA: INTRODUCTION

In general, the aquatic insects of freshwater wetlands have been inadequately studied despite their apparent importance in wetland habitats, especially in energy and nutrient transfer. The Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods) recognized the deficiencies in knowledge of taxonomy and ecology of insect species in wetland habitats and sponsored a "Conference on the aquatic insects of peatlands and marshes" in St. Andrews, New Brunswick, on 3 October, 1984. The Conference summarized current knowledge on the systematics and ecology of aquatic insects of Canadian peatlands and marshes, the wetland habitats chosen for emphasis, and sought to identify needs for research on the structure and dynamics of aquatic insect faunas in these habitats. The proceedings of the Conference are published here. The first two papers provide background information on the habitats under consideration and the interactions among invertebrates and vertebrates in these habitats. A second group of papers considers features of the Hydracarina, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Hemiptera, Trichoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera in peatlands and marshes. A final paper summarizes data on the occurrence of aquatic insects in bogs, fens, and marshes, addresses broader questions related to the nature of the insect fauna, and identifies needs for further research. By making accessible systematic and ecological information on aquatic insects of Canadian peatlands and marshes, the proceedings should support and encourage further work in these habitats.
Critical Data Backup with Hybrid Flash-Based Consumer Devices

Hybrid flash-based storage constructed with high-density and low-cost flash memory has become increasingly popular in consumer devices in the last decade due to its low cost. However, its poor reliability is one of the major concerns. To protect critical data for guaranteeing user experience, some methods are proposed to improve the reliability of consumer devices with non-hybrid flash storage. However, with the widespread use of hybrid storage, these methods will result in severe problems, including significant performance and endurance degradation. This is caused by that the different characteristics of flash memory in hybrid storage are not considered, e.g., performance, endurance, and access granularity. To address the above problems, a critical data backup (CDB) design is proposed to ensure critical data reliability at a low cost. The basic idea is to accumulate two copies of critical data in the fast memory first to make full use of its performance and endurance. Then one copy will be migrated to the slow memory in the stripe to avoid the write amplification caused by different access granularity between them. By respecting the different characteristics of flash memory in hybrid storage, CDB can achieve encouraging performance and endurance improvement compared with the state-of-the-art. Furthermore, to avoid performance and lifetime degradation caused by the backup data occupying too much space of fast memory, CDB Pro is designed. Two advanced schemes are integrated. One is making use of the pseudo-single-level-cell (pSLC) technique to make a part of slow memory become high-performance. By supplying some high-performance space, data will be fully updated before being evicted to slow memory. More invalid data are generated which reduces eviction costs. Another is to categorize data into three types according to their different life cycles. By putting the same type of data in a block, the eviction efficiency is improved. Therefore, both of them can improve device performance and lifetime based on CDB. Experiments are conducted to prove the efficiency of CDB and CDB Pro. Experimental results show that compared with the state-of-the-arts, CDB can ensure critical data reliability with lower device performance and lifetime loss while CDB Pro can diminish the loss further.
Small mammals decline with increasing fire extent in northern Australia: evidence from long-term monitoring in Kakadu National Park

Small mammal (<2 kg) numbers have declined dramatically in northern Australia in recent decades. Fire regimes, characterised by frequent, extensive, late-season wildfires, are implicated in this decline. Here, we compare the effect of fire extent, in conjunction with fire frequency, season and spatial heterogeneity (patchiness) of the burnt area, on mammal declines in Kakadu National Park over a recent decadal period. Fire extent – an index incorporating fire size and fire frequency – was the best predictor of mammal declines, and was superior to the proportion of the surrounding area burnt and fire patchiness. Point-based fire frequency, a commonly used index for characterising fire effects, was a weak predictor of declines. Small-scale burns affected small mammals least of all. Crucially, the most important aspects of fire regimes that are associated with declines are spatial ones; extensive fires (at scales larger than the home ranges of small mammals) are the most detrimental, indicating that small mammals may not easily escape the effects of large and less patchy fires. Notwithstanding considerable management effort, the current fire regime in this large conservation reserve is detrimental to the native mammal fauna, and more targeted management is required to reduce fire size.
Women’s Experiences of Academic Tenure at a Women’s University in Pakistan

The study aims to understand how teachers and academic leadership have experienced the implementation of the Tenure Track System (TTS) as a new educational reform in a female university. Although the need for change in education has been widely researched, the dynamics of how the international academic reward system affects women working in a women’s university, especially in the context of developing countries, have mostly been ignored in the literature. This case study is based on the experience of interventions in the university reward system at a public university for women established in 1922. It provides unique insights into how the participants perceive the change process and the unintended side effects of these policy-level changes on the personal and organizational culture and structure levels. The results reveal that participants overburdened themselves with administrative, teaching, and research work but could have voiced their concerns more assertively. The study concluded that TTS faculty had been marginalized in the university based on their compensation and TTS is struggling to foot its ground as a main academic reward system. The faculty on TTS at large felt frustrated and alienated.
Deep Ultraviolet CMOS-Controlled Micro Light-Emitting Diode Array

We report a Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) AlGaN micro-light emitting diode (micro-LED) array driven by a matching array of electronic drivers implemented in Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. This 40 × 10 pixel integrated device required improvements in micro-LED fabrication combined with control over the LED ground level in the custom designed CMOS chip. It allows each of the micro-LEDs, with a measured peak emission wavelength of 271 nm, to be addressed independently in continuous wave (CW) or nanosecond pulsed operation, with optical output powers and pulse energies per pixel of 80 μW and 0.2 pJ, respectively. Performance of this high-resolution electronically-driven array for multi-channel UV-C wireless communications is given as an example of its potentially wide-ranging uses.
Quantitative safety assessment for reactor size variation on high pressure methanol production

This work studied carbon capture utilization (CCU) to methanol synthesis, which analyses reactor size's impact on high-pressure methanol production. As high pressure poses a high probability of process vessel leakage, assessment on its potential hazardous chemical impact such as toxicity, fire, and explosion must be conducted. This study examines how reactor size affects high-pressure methanol plant accident scenarios due to different leakage sizes of reactors and at various day and night conditions. HYSYS was used in this investigation to identify significant chemical components at high pressures. The analysis only limited to four hazardous chemical components namely methanol, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. Then, ALOHA specifies the principal chemical component for the worst-case accident scenario. MARPLOT was used to quantify the methanol plant's safety by utilising distance and area plot threat analysis for reactor size variation. The volume of the reactor used is 42, 20, and 5 m3, with pressure conditions of 76, 184, and 331 bar, as the 10 mm, 75 mm, and 160 mm leakage size of the reactor has been simulated. The simulation in ALOHA was done by considering day and night conditions with one dominant wind direction according to the plant's location. The results show that the highest people affected incident was due to the toxic release of methanol from a 160 mm leak size during the night in Modified Plant 2. This scenario resulted in a percentage people affected for night conditions of 56.53%. This study is useful to predict worst-case people affected with variation for reactor size on high-pressure conditions.
Efficacy of scissor-type knife for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective resection technique for early cancers and large gastrointestinal luminal lesions. However, ESD is technically challenging, with the potential for severe adverse events. Scissor-type ESD (ST-ESD) knives with an inner cutting edge and an electrically insulated external coating could mitigate some of these risks. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ST electrosurgical knives when used for ESDs. Methods Electronic databases were queried for studies from January 2005 through December 2022 evaluating the performance of ST-ESD knives. Fixed- and random-effects models were used to calculate pooled proportions. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test and by constructing funnel plots, while bias was calculated using Egger and Harbord bias indicators. Results Final analysis included data from 17 studies comprising 1652 ESD procedures. The pooled en bloc resection rate and R0 resection rate were 97.94% (95% confidence interval [CI] 97.20-98.57) and 94.32% (95%CI 93.11-95.43), respectively. The main adverse events were perforation and delayed post-procedural bleeding, with pooled rates of 1.07% (95%CI 0.63-1.62) and 1.86% (95%CI 1.26-2.56), respectively. There was no heterogeneity, as indicated by an I2 score of 0% (95%CI 0-44.50%). The mean procedure time was 67.45 min (95%CI 58.01-76.89). Conclusions Our analysis shows that ST-ESD knives deliver consistently good performance across various locations in the gastrointestinal lumen and lesion sizes, with a good safety profile. This could be particularly appealing to newer adopters of ESD.
SanTO in exhibition – a sacred robot in the profane

The last few years have witnessed a sudden increase interest in religion within robotics. Among the first robots of this domain to be developed, SanTO, stands as the first Catholic robot. Its redevelopment, called, SanTO-PL is also an animated statue resembling a Catholic saint. It has been placed first into a church for trial, then on permanent exhibition in a museum. This paper describes the robot and the reactions it provoked, which are far from what a supposedly sacred object would be expected to receive.
Transformation of Human Capital as a Driver of Innovative Economy

The purpose of this study was to identify key factors that have a significant impact on the level of high-tech production in the region and the development of human capital in seven countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia. A comprehensive literature analysis was carried out to achieve this goal, including data from several countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia, including demographic data, education levels, labor market indicators, health indicators, and research activities. The authors constructed a model of multiple spatial regression, including seven spatial objects and a 5-time series. A qualitative model of cumulative panel regression without signs of multicollinearity was obtained as a result of the step-by-step elimination of collinear and nonessential variables. The results of the study revealed three key factors that are closely and directly related to the level of production of high-tech products. Two relate to the education sector – "the number of university graduates in the field of science and technology", and "the number of researchers per 1 million inhabitants" and one indicator characterizes the labor market – "the employment level in the economy". The authors did not identify a close relationship between the level of high-tech production and economic factors, such as cost and productivity, which contradicts the results of other research and requires more careful study. The results of the research can be useful in the development of measures to promote human capital and innovation policy of the countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia. Received: 7 September 2023 / Accepted: 19 October 2023 / Published: 5 November 2023
Gene editing of authentic Brassica rapa flavonol synthase 1 generates dihydroflavonol-accumulating Chinese cabbage

Abstract Flavonols are the major class of flavonoids of green Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis). The B. rapa genome harbors seven flavonol synthase genes (BrFLSs), but they have not been functionally characterized. Here, transcriptome analysis showed four BrFLSs mainly expressed in Chinese cabbage. Among them, only BrFLS1 showed major FLS activity and additional flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (F3H) activity, while BrFLS2 and BrFLS3.1 exhibited only marginal F3H activities. We generated BrFLS1-knockout (BrFLS1-KO) Chinese cabbages using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and obtained transgene-free homozygous plants without off-target mutation in the T1 generation, which were further advanced to the T2 generation showing normal phenotype. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis revealed that flavonol glycosides were dramatically decreased in the T2 plants, while dihydroflavonol glycosides accumulated concomitantly to levels corresponding to the reduced levels of flavonols. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the early steps of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathway were upregulated in the BrFLS1-KO plants. In accordance, total phenolic contents were slightly enhanced in the BrFLS1-KO plants, which suggests a negative role of flavonols in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis in Chinese cabbage. Phenotypic surveys revealed that the BrFLS1-KO Chinese cabbages showed normal head formation and reproductive phenotypes, but subtle morphological changes in their heads were observed. In addition, their seedlings were susceptible to osmotic stress compared to the controls, suggesting that flavonols play a positive role for osmotic stress tolerance in B.rapa seedling. In this study, we showed that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated BrFLS1-KO successfully generated a valuable breeding resource of Chinese cabbage with distinctive metabolic traits and that CRISPR/Cas9 can be efficiently applied in functional Chinese cabbage breeding.
Further Study of Temperature Change in Northwest China in Recent 50 Years

Some new characteristics of the surface air temperature change in Northwest China in recent 50 years are shown based on the monthly data from 1960 to 2005 of 135 stations.The data is the most complete station data set in Northwest China,which are processed by the National Meteorological Information Center recently.The new features include: ①Annual and seasonal average temperature in the whole Northwest China show increasing trend except that the summer average temperature in south Shaanxi shows decreasing trend.The area with the highest warming rate in winter and autumn is located in zonal region,which stretches from west Tarim Basin to Hexi corridor from 35°N to 40°N.Annual mean surface air temperature in Northwest China as a whole has a warming rate of about 0.37℃/10a,and the warming rate in winter can reach 0.56℃/10a.Whether the annual or the seasonal warming rates of mean surface air temperature in Northwest China is higher than the average values of the whole China. ②The mean surface air temperature in winter and annual in Northwest China has been increasing most obviously since middle 1980's in recent 50 years.However,the temperature in spring,summer and autumn did not show significant increasing trend until in middle 1990's. ③The anomaly of annual average temperature has the characteristic of spatial consistency in the whole Northwest China,and then it has adverse variation trend in south and north part,and last there is particular character of mean temperature change in south Shaanxi compared with that in the other areas of Northwest China.The characteristic of spatial consistency is in more and more obvious status in recent 50 years and the asynchronous trend of temperature change between south Shaanxi and the other areas is decreasing. ④There are three representative annual temperature anomaly areas: southern Xinjiang-Qingzang Plateau,northern Xinjiang,and east of Northwest China.Further analysis suggests that the secular trend of mean annual temperature show distinct increasing trend in the first two temperature anomaly areas,and fluctuant increasing in the last temperature anomaly area.
Methods for studying mammalian aquaporin biology

Abstract Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane water-conducting channels, have earned a great deal of scrutiny for their critical physiological roles in healthy and disease cell states, especially in the biomedical field. Numerous methods have been implemented to elucidate the involvement of AQP-mediated water transport and downstream signaling activation in eliciting whole cell, tissue, and organ functional responses. To modulate these responses, other methods have been employed to investigate AQP druggability. This review discusses standard in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods for studying AQPs, especially for biomedical and mammalian cell biology applications. We also propose some new techniques and approaches for future AQP research to address current gaps in methodology.
The design and kinematic representation of a soft robot in a simulation environment

Abstract The increase of human presence in the subsea and seabed environments necessitates the development of more capable and highly dexterous, innovative underwater manipulators. Biomimetic soft-robot arms represent a promising candidate for such manipulation systems. However, the well-known modeling techniques and control theories of traditional rigid robots do not apply to soft robots. The challenges of kinematic and dynamic modeling of soft robots with infinite degrees of freedom require the development of dedicated modeling methods. A novel procedure for representing soft-robotic arms and their motion in a rigid-body simulation environment is proposed in this paper. The proposed procedure relies on the piecewise constant curvature approach to simplify the very complex model of hyper-redundant soft-robotic arms, making it suitable for real-time applications. The proposed method is implemented and verified to be used in model-mediated teleoperation of the soft arms of a biomimetic robotic squid designed for underwater manipulation as a case study.
Everyday Geography: Re-visioning Primary Geography for the 21st Century

The meaning of everyday geography is defined, and the origin of this idea and its meaning in practice are discussed. Study of geography involves connection between people and the subject and it is suggested that the study must draw very explicitly on teachers' and pupils' everyday lives and combine this knowledge base with a geographical imagination, built around key geographical concepts.
Modern Dressing Applications Use Hydrogel as Autolysis Debridement in Patients Diabetic Ulcer

Objective: This study was conducted to present a wound care intervention using hydrogel dressing in diabetic ulcer patients with the principle of modern dressing to speed up the wound recovery process. Method: This study used the nursing care method, including assessment, formulating nursing diagnoses, interventions, implementation, and evaluation, which were carried out for 6 days with 3 meetings at the patient's house located at Kp Benteng Kel Sukamenak, Purbaratu District. Enforcement of nursing diagnoses refers to the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards (SDKI). Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standards (SIKI), Indonesian Nursing Outcome Standards (SLKI), and nursing evaluations are documented using the SOAPIER method. Result: The provision of wound care interventions using hydrogel with the principle of modern dressing has proven to be useful for improving the wound healing process of diabetic ulcers. The benefits of this application will be maximized if done regularly and gradually. Conclusion: Based on the entire series of nursing care processes that the author carried out on Ny. H with the problem of infection risk associated with diabetic ulcers, the authors can draw the conclusion that hydrogel administration as debrilytic autolysis has significant results in 6 days with 3 meetings.
The Impact of Body Weight on Blood Hemoglobin Level When Using Some Modern Family Planning Methods in Egypt

Any abnormality in blood hemoglobin levels may result in serious complications leading to death. This study focuses on one of the important causes of these abnormalities, which is the impact of body weight on blood hemoglobin levels when women use some types of modern family planning methods. The statistical analysis in this study was conducted on 3450 currently married Egyptian women who are of reproductive age (15 – 49). These subjects were extracted from the 2014 EDHS sample. The methods of analysis used were the cluster analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis test as well as subsequent multiple pairwise comparisons. The cluster analysis classified the women into six groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in the blood hemoglobin levels among these six groups. The multiple pairwise comparisons revealed that using a hormonal method as opposed to a non-hormonal method shows significant differences in cases of overweight or obesity but not in cases of normal weight. On the other hand, when comparing women of the same weight who use two different hormonal methods or women of different weights who use the same method, the results do not reveal any significant differences. This study adds to the literature strong evidence that women's body weight impacts blood hemoglobin levels when using some types of modern family planning methods. As a result, doctors specializing in nutrition and obesity must be available in all governorates' family planning centers and units to provide advice, assistance, and guidance in selecting the appropriate family planning method for different weight statuses.
Assessing the Influence of Standard & Poor's on Loan Syndication in the Financial Market

This study aims to examine the relationship between a borrower's credit rating and the structure of a syndicated loan. A syndicated loan is a type of loan that is provided by a group of lenders, rather than just one. The study used data on 5,106 syndicated loans that were initiated between 1996 and 2017. The findings showed that borrowers with a higher credit rating were more likely to attract more lenders to provide financing. Additionally, when the borrower had a poor credit rating, the lead arranger (the bank that coordinates the syndicated loan) tended to hold a larger proportion of the loan compared to when the borrower had a good credit rating. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that the credit rating of a borrower can significantly influence the structure of a syndicated loan by reducing potential conflicts of interest between the lead banks and other participating lenders.