Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production of Garbage Enzyme from Different Fruit and Vegetable Wastes and Evaluation of its Enzymatic and Antimicrobial Efficacy

Objectives: To evaluate the enzymatic and antimicrobial effi cacy of enzyme from garbage produced from different fruits and vegetable wastes. Methods: This study was conducted from October-2018 to February-2019 in the laboratory of Padma Kanya Multiple College, Bagbazar, Kathmandu, Nepal. This study was carried for production, analysis of enzymatic and antimicrobial effi cacy by using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) and bacteria (Bacillus species) in 5 fruits peels, Mosambi (Citrus limetta), Pomegranate (Punica granatum), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Papaya (Carica papaya) and mixed fruits collected from fresh fruit stall and vegetable peels collected from college’s hostel. The fermentation mixture was made in the ratio 1:3:10 (1 part brown sugar, 3 parts fruits/vegetable peels and 10 parts water) and left for 3 months for fermentation. Results: After fermentation, enzyme activity (amylase, protease, caseinase, cellulase and lipase) and antimicrobial effi cacy (S. aureus, S. aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus spp, Salmonella Typhi, E. coli, E. coli (ATCC 25922), Shigella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were analyzed. All the samples showed amylase and caseinase enzyme activity, only Pineapple (Ananascomosus), Papaya (Carica papaya) and Mixed fruit showed protease enzyme activity while only Pomegranate (Punicagranatum) showed lipase enzyme activity. In antimicrobial effi cacy test, garbage enzyme produced from vegetable sample didn’t show antimicrobial activity with bacteria used except E. coli (ATCC 25922)and S. aureus (ATCC 25923). Similarly, garbage enzyme produced from Mixed fruit and Papaya (Carica papaya) didn’t show antimicrobial activity with Salmonella Typhi and S. aureus (ATCC 25923) respectively but garbage enzyme from other wastes showed antimicrobial activity with bacteria used in test. Conclusion: Different fruits and vegetables wastes showed different enzyme activity and antimicrobial activity.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Diabetes Mellitus Among the Saudi Population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Quantitative Study

Aim To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of diabetes among Saudi adults in Riyadh. Methods A questionnaire-based study was carried out in September 2019. A previously validated questionnaire was used to assess participants' knowledge. Results The study sample included 3,208 total participants. Of these, 53% were females and 47% were males. About 53.5% of the participants had good knowledge scores. The great majority of respondents did not know whether metformin could cause kidney damage (n = 2651, 82.6%) and more than half did not know whether long-term drug use could cause organ failure (n = 2073, 64.6%) and whether insulin could cause harmful effects (n = 1836, 57.2%). Results showed that 91.3% of the respondents stated that they would seek treatment if they or one of their family members got diabetes mellitus (DM). Approximately 50% of the participants (49.9%) regularly exercised. More than half (68%) of the respondents had never checked their blood glucose levels on an annual basis. More than half of the respondents tried to avoid refined sugar. Conclusion The majority of the participants had never checked their blood glucose levels. In addition, one-third of the participants believed that the use of complementary medicine could actually control diabetes.
Mercury accumulation in plants from contaminated arable lands in Eastern Slovakia.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Contamination of soil by mercury poses several risks to human health through consumption of fruits and vegetables. In Slovakia, a high concentration of mercury is found in the soil of the Central Spiš region. The objective of the study is to measure the mercury concentrations in the parts of selected plant species and trees growing within 100 meters of a former ore processing facility. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 24 samples of plants, 20 samples of parts of needle-leaved trees and 9 samples of parts of broad-leaved trees were collected from soils with a high concentration of mercury. The concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in different parts of the plants: leaves - 18 species, roots - 15 species, stems - 11 species, flowers - 7 species), and different parts of trees (crust - 8 species, branches - 8 species, needles - 5 species, cones - 5 species, leaves - 3 species). RESULTS The concentrations of mercury in the soils taken at a depth of 0.25 m exceeded the maximum allowed levels more than 50-times. Potatoes, parsley and carrots from these soils exceeded the maximum allowed mercury levels 6-times, 5-times and twice, respectively. The average concentrations of mercury in the roots of 2-year onions exceeded the limit more than 50-times. The flowers of cornflower contain 18.20 mg*kg -1 , leaves of dandelion 10.61 mg*kg -1 and roots of plantain 6.80 mg*kg -1 of mercury. Regarding trees, the highest concentrations were found in the branches of juniper and leaves of aspen - more than 1 mg*kg -1. CONCLUSIONS The systematic monitoring of mercury is still very important, since it was found that the end of ore processing does not solve the issue of contamination in the Central Spiš region. Therefore, the consumption of fruits and vegetables from the areas of former ore processing facilities is not recommended.
Gunungkidul Community as an Agent of Resistance in the “Rasulan” Tradition towards Mass Cultural Domination

Rasulan tradition is a form of traditional culture that is still maintained and preserved by the people of Gunungkidul towards the domination of mass culture that exists today. The efforts of Gunungkidul community maintain the tradition was carried out through various forms of resistance. The forms of resistance are closed resistance and open resistance. The efforts to resist the Rasulan tradition that carried out by the Gunungkidul community cannot be separated from the existence of the initial function of the tradition. The existence of this initial function of the Rasulan tradition is the ritual necessity of the Gunungkidul people as a form of gratitude after the harvest season that arrives and to avoid all disasters. The existence of the Rasulan tradition that is still maintained today is influenced by the role of community agents. In order to reveal the efforts of the agents of the Gunungkidul community in the resistance of the Rasulan tradition to the domination of mass culture, this idea was examined using structuration theory from Giddens. These agents act and have a very big role in bringing the resistance efforts of the Rasulan tradition to the domination of mass culture. These agents have interesting ideas; therefore, the Rasulan tradition still lasts to this day. Therefore, it can be concluded that structuration theory can be used to analyze the resistance of the Rasulan tradition to the gradual domination of mass culture and the influential public agents in detail. Keywords—rasulan tradition; resistance; structuration theory
MIMiX: A Multipurpose In-situ Microreactor system for X-ray
microspectroscopy to mimic atmospheric aerosol processing

The dynamic processing of aerosols in the atmosphere is difficult to mimic under laboratory conditions, particularly on a single-particle level with high spatial and chemical resolution. Our new microreactor system for Xray microscopy facilitates observations under in situ conditions and extends the accessible parameter ranges of existing setups to very high humidities and low temperatures. With the parameter margins for pressure (180–1000 hPa), temperature (∼ 250 K to room temperature), and relative humidity (∼ 0 % to above 98 %), a wide range of tropospheric conditions is covered. Unique features are the mobile design and compact size that make the instrument applicable to different synchrotron facilities. Successful first experiments were conducted at two X-ray microscopes, MAXYMUS, located at beamline UE46 of the synchrotron BESSY II, and PolLux, located at beamline X07DA of the Swiss Light Source in the Paul Scherrer Institute. Here we present the design and analytical scope of the system, along with first results from hydration–dehydration experiments on ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate particles and the tentative observation of water ice at low temperature and high relative humidity in a secondary organic aerosol particle from isoprene oxidation.
Intra and intersession reliability of the Run RocketTM in recreationally trained participants

Sprint performance plays an important role in the success of many sports including track and field and team-based sports. Resisted sprint equipment has shown to be an effective method to increase sprint velocity and acceleration. The aim of the study was to determine the intrasession and intersession (7 days) reliability of a commercially available resisted sprint machine in recreationally trained individuals for two resistance settings. Fourteen recreationally active participants partook in the study (male = 10, female = 4) over a 7-day period. Three maximal 15m sprints, at two resistance levels (R0 and R5), were undertaken in a randomised order (6 sprints in total at each trial). Intrasession (comparison of the first 3 sprints for each trial) and intersession (mean of the 3 sprints for both trials) correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficients of variation (%CV), average variability, SEM and minimal detectable difference were calculated for 5 and 15m for both resistance levels. Intrasession reliability was very large to nearly perfect across both distances and resistance levels (ICC range 0.79-0.98), %CV ranged between 2.4-5.8% with larger values seen during the first trial for three of the four indices. Intersession reliability was very large to nearly perfect across all variables (ICC range 0.87-0.97), %CV was small and ranged between 2.0-4.1%. Average variability was small for all measurements. The Run RocketTM showed high intra and intersession reliability. The results show that this equipment could be reliably used within a sprint programme for recreationally trained individuals.
PSS and Innovation of Meaning

This study explores the relationship between product meaning and product service systems (PSSs), in the context of innovation of meaning (IoM). Existing IoM studies have focused on intended meaning (as defined in new product development) and ignored the received meaning that users reconstruct throughout an entire product life cycle. The process by which a user assigns meaning to things can be not only static but also dynamic. This study focuses on PSSs as comprising integrated products and contexts offered by services, and analyses the case of Japan’s largest manufacturer of ankle–foot orthoses, which is an assistive product. The results show that PSSs help users reconstruct meanings in dynamic cognitive processes; PSSs also help users leverage metaphors that contribute to consistency between products and services. Additionally, the positive emotion elicited from users by novel meanings can help augment profits by promoting the sale of related products and services.
A formula for the number of solutions of a restricted linear congruence

Consider the linear congruence equation x1 + . + xk ≡ b (mod n ) for b ∈ Z, n, s ∈ N. Let (a, b)s denote the generalized gcd of a and b which is the largest l s with l ∈ N dividing a and b simultaneously. Let d1, . , dτ(n) be all positive divisors of n. For each dj | n, define Cj,s(n) = {1 6 x 6 n s : (x, n)s = d s j}. K. Bibak et al. (2016) gave a formula using Ramanujan sums for the number of solutions of the above congruence equation with some gcd restrictions on xi. We generalize their result with generalized gcd restrictions on xi and prove that for the above linear congruence, the number of solutions is 1 ns ∑
Heavy metals bioaccumulations in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Silver catfish) from River Oli, Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria

Fish are commonly situated at the top of the food chain and therefore, they can accumulate large amount of toxicants (Yilmaz et al., 2007). Fish are also considered as one of the most susceptible aquatic organisms to toxic substances present in water (Alibabic et al., 2007). Since the fish meat represents a major components of human diet, the presence of heavy metals in the aquatic environment and their accumulation in fish call for concern (Erdogrul and Erbilir, 2007; Alibabic et al., 2007 and Keskin et al., 2007). The contamination of fresh waters with a wide range of pollutants has become a matter of concern over the last few decades. Among the various toxic ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: Nov. 6, 2019 Accepted: Dec. 21, 2019 Online: Dec. 23, 2019 _______________
Son Preference, Sex-Selective Abortion, and Parental Investment in Girls in Korea: Evidence from the Year of the White Horse

We investigate how the selection of offspring gender in the presence of son preference affects the parental investments in girls and boys in South Korea. To identify the magnitude of parental son preference, we exploit two types of variations in the extent of sex selections, namely, (1) the provincial variations in the sex ratio at birth that result from regional differences in cultural norms and religious beliefs, and (2) the temporary increase in the sex ratio at birth in 1990 (the year of the White Horse), which has been driven by zodiacal preference. We conduct triple difference estimations to examine how the gender differences in parental investment in the health and education of children change across regions and cohorts. We find that the relative parental investments in girls in the forms of prenatal care, breast feeding and private out-of-school education are significantly larger for cohorts born in 1990 and that the effect of the year of the White Horse is more strongly observed in regions with higher sex ratios at birth. A higher prevalence of sex-selective abortions led to greater parental investments in girls than in boys. The rise of sex-selective abortions in Korea from the early 1980s to the early 2000s unintendedly improved the human capital development of females who were selectively born to parents with weaker bias against daughters. 1 We benefited from helpful comments and suggestions of Eleanor Jawon Choi, Ryuichi Tanaka and participants of the 2014 SNU–Tokyo University Joint Conference, the 2015 APEBH Conference, and the 2015 Korean Allied Economics Conference.
Comparison of multi-field coupling numerical simulation in hot dry rock thermal exploitation of enhanced geothermal systems

In order to alleviate the environmental crisis and improve energy structure, countries from all over the world have focused on the hot dry rock geothermal resources with great potential and with little pollution. The geothermal heat production from Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) comes with complex multi-field coupling process, and it is of great significance to study the temporal and spatial evolution of geothermal reservoir. In this work, a practical numerical model is established to simulate the heat production process in EGS, and the comparison of thermal-hydraulic (TH), thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) and thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (THMC) coupling in geothermal reservoir is analyzed. The results show that the stable production stage of the three cases is approximately 5 years; however, compared with TH and THMC coupling, the service-life for THM coupling decreased by 1140 days and 332 days, respectively. The mechanical enhanced effects are offset by the chemical precipitation, and the precipitation from SiO2 is much larger than the dissolution of calcite. Cited as : Chen, S. , Ding, B. , Gong, L. , Huang, Z. , Yu, B. , Sun, S. Comparison of multi-field coupling numerical simulation in hot dry rock thermal exploitation of enhanced geothermal systems. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2019, 3(4): 396-409, doi: 10.26804/ager.2019. 04.07.
Effect of Manager Competency on Innovation in Small and Medium Enterprises

This research was conducted to determine the relationship between managers' competency towards innovation in small and medium enterprises. The method used in this study was descriptive with a quantitative assessment. The unit of analysis in this study was small and medium businesses in Bandung Regency using the simple random sampling method to get the number of respondents as many as 100 small and medium businesses. Analysis of the data used was the validity test and reliability test. The program to test data analysis is SPSS 23 and Lisrel 8.8. The results of this study are expected to have a positive impact on managers' competency towards innovation in small and medium enterprises, in accordance with previous researchers. Keywords—Small and medium enterprises, Manager competency, Innovation
Board Structure and Corporate R&D Intensity: Evidence from Forbes Global 2000

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of board structure on risk-taking measured by research and development (R&D) intensity in OECD countries. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a panel data of 200 companies on Forbes global 2000 over the 2010-2014 period. It uses the ordinary least square multiple regression analysis techniques to examine the hypotheses. Findings: The results show that the frequency of board meetings and board size are significantly and negatively related to risk-taking measured by R&D intensity, with a greater significance among Anglo American countries than among Continental European countries. The rationale for this is that the legal and accounting systems in the Anglo American countries have greater protection through greater emphasis on compliance and disclosure, and therefore, allowing for less risk-taking. Research limitations/implications: Future research could investigate risk-taking using different arrangements, conducting face-to-face meetings with the firm’s directors and shareholders. Practical implications: The results suggest that better-governed firms at the firm- or national-level have a high expectancy of less risk-taking. These results offer regulators a resilient incentive to pursue corporate governance (CG) and disclosure reforms officially and mutually with national-level governance. Thus, these results show the monitoring and legitimacy benefits of governance, resulting in less risk-taking. Finally, the findings offer investors the opportunity to build specific expectations about risk-taking behaviour in terms of R&D intensity in OECD countries. Originality/value:This study extends and contributes to the extant CG literature, by offering new evidence on the effect of board structure on risk-taking. The findings will help policymakers in different countries in estimating the sufficiency of the available CG reforms to prevent management mishandle and disgrace.
Decomposition analysis of the impact of economic growth on ammonia and nitrogen oxides emissions in the European Union

This study investigates the environmental consequences of economic growth. Global environmental problems tend to aggravate along with global economic development. A number of harmful chemical compounds are being emitted into the air every day. An econometric model describing the influence of GDP per capita growth, foreign trade intensity and the volume of primary energy consumption on NOx and NH3 emissions is estimated in the paper. The data on the 28 EU countries is analyzed. The main findings support the EKC hypothesis. The relationship between per capita income and emissions of both NOx and NH3 falls into the EKC pattern. The estimation results on international trade intensity influencing the emissions are insignificant. The growth of primary energy consumption increases the emissions of both gases. This effect is greater for NOx since power plants are among the most significant sources of its emission. Given that the primary energy consumption in the EU continues to grow, there is a risk of further emissions growth in the energy sector, which should be taken into account by policymakers.
LCZ696, an Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor, Improves Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis and Cardiac Lymphatic Remodeling in Transverse Aortic Constriction Model Mice

Cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling following heart failure are important causes of high mortality in heart disease patients. The cardiac lymphatic system has been associated with limited research, but it plays an important role in the improvement of myocardial edema and the promotion of fluid balance. LCZ696 is a novel combination of angiotensin and neprilysin inhibitors. Here, we studied the role played by LCZ696 during transverse aortic constriction (TAC) induced cardiac hypertrophy and changes in the lymphatic system. Mice undergoing aortic coarctation were constructed to represent a cardiac hypertrophy model and then divided into random groups that either received treatment with LCZ696 (60 mg/kg/d) or no treatment. Cardiac ultrasonography was used to detect cardiac function, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were used to detect myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. The proinflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected in the blood and heart tissues of mice. The protein expression levels of lymphatic-specific markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3), and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) were detected in mouse heart tissues. We also examined the colocalization of lymphatic vessels and macrophages by immunofluorescence. The results showed that LCZ696 significantly improved heart dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis and inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the circulating blood and heart tissues of mice. LCZ696 also decreased the protein expression levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR3, and LYVE-1 in mouse heart tissues, ameliorated the transport load of lymphatic vessels to macrophages, and improved the remodeling of the lymphatic system in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy model induced by TAC.
Effects of long-term controlled internal drug release reuse on reproductive performance, hormone profiles, and economic profit of sheep

ABSTRACT Fifty-seven multiparous Awassi ewes in the breeding season were used to compare the effects of controlled internal drug release (CIDR) reuse on hormone profiles, reproductive performance, and economic production. Ewes were randomly allotted to one of three CIDR treatments: new (control), once-used, and twice-used; treatment lasted 12 days. Blood samples were collected from all groups at the time of CIDR insertion, three and six days following insertion, at withdrawal time, and at insemination. Serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) [. ]