Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USE OF OMENTUM BIOSCAFFOLD FOR REGENERATION OF SCIATIC NERVE DEFECT IN DOGS

The study has done on (10) adult healthy male dogs divided in two groups (control group and group treated with omentum bioscaffold) each group had (5 dogs). The study were started in February 2020 extended about 5 months. The operation was made by exposing the sciatic nerve on the left side of thigh through a caudo-lateral skin incision ( 5-8 cm in length) Make incision in the left flank of dogs then make grooves under the skin to the nerve, make flap of omentum and insert inter the grooves until the nerves then suturing the omentum then suturing the muscles (0.2 catgut ) and finely the skin (0.2 silk ). The results that animals showed the muscle flexion was flaccid from the first days after treatment and then progressively disappeared and return near normal on 60th day. The histopathological examination of the distal longitudinal section of the nerve showed few number of Schwann cells with remylination of nerve fibers and few vacuolated degenerated nerve The study conclude that it is possible to treat the sciatic nerve damages with good possible results using omentum bioscaffold shield as a one ways that used in ligation of damaged nerve.
DNA Damage Induced by 193-nm Radiation in Mammalian Cells1

The contribution of DNA damage to the effects of 193-nm excimer laser radiation on mammalian cells in culture was studied in order to evaluate the mutagenic potential of this IV wavelength in vivo. Two approaches were taken: measurement of pyrimidine dimer-specific en- donuclease-sensitive sites/megabase and comparison of the 193-nm ra diation-induced cytotoxicity in normal versus DNA repair-deficient cells. The formation of pyrimidine dimer-specific endonuclease-sensitive sites/ megabase was inversely related to the thickness of the cytoplasm over lying the nuclei of normal human fibroblasts (NHF) and Chinese hamster ovary cells. The results of these measurements and a calculation of the absorption coefficient of cytoplasm indicate that each 1 Mmof cytoplasm attenuates the incident radiation by >90% and, therefore, the nuclear DNA in tissue will be highly protected from 193-nm radiation by over lying cytoplasm. The reduction in colony-forming ability induced by 254-nm, 193-nm, and \-ray radiation was measured in NHF, xeroderma pigmentosum (group A) cells, and ataxia telangiectasia cells. Xeroderma pigmentosum (group A) cells were 16.5 times more sensitive to 254-nm radiation but only 3.5 times more sensitive to 193-nm radiation than NHF cells, indicating that cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers were not the major lethal lesion formed at 193 nm. AT cells were 3.4 times more sensitive to X-rays than NHF cells, but these cell types were almost equally sensitive to 193-nm radiation, indicating that 193 nm did not induce the same type of lethal lesions as X-rays.
Decreased SARS-CoV-2 viral load following vaccination

Beyond their substantial protection of individual vaccinees, it is hoped that the COVID-19 vaccines would reduce viral load in breakthrough infections thereby further suppress onward transmission. Here, analyzing positive SARS-CoV-2 test results following inoculation with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, we find that the viral load is reduced 4-fold for infections occurring 12-28 days after the first dose of vaccine. These reduced viral loads hint to lower infectiousness, further contributing to vaccine impact on virus spread.
The impact of mobility network properties on predicted epidemic dynamics in Dhaka and Bangkok

Properties of city-level commuting networks are expected to influence epidemic potential of cities and modify the speed and spatial trajectory of epidemics when they occur. In this study, we use aggregated mobile phone user data to reconstruct commuter mobility networks for Bangkok (Thailand) and Dhaka (Bangladesh), two megacities in Asia with populations of 16 and 21 million people, respectively. We model the dynamics of directly-transmitted infections (such as SARS-CoV2) propagating on these commuting networks, and find that differences in network structure between the two cities drive divergent predicted epidemic trajectories: the commuting network in Bangkok is composed of geographically-contiguous modular communities and epidemic dispersal is correlated with geographic distance between locations, whereas the network in Dhaka has less distinct geographic structure and epidemic dispersal is less constrained by geographic distance. We also find that the predicted dynamics of epidemics vary depending on the local topology of the network around the origin of the outbreak. Measuring commuter mobility, and understanding how commuting networks shape epidemic dynamics at the city level, can support surveillance and preparedness efforts in large cities at risk for emerging or imported epidemics.
A Comparison between the Naïve Bayes and the C5.0 Decision Tree Algorithms for Predicting the Advice of the Student Enrollment Applications

In this paper we introduce a dataset containing students enrolment applications combined with the related result of their filing procedure. The dataset contains 73 variable. Student candidates, at the time of applying for study, fill a web form for filing the procedure. A committee at Tilburg University review each single application and decide if the student is admissible or not. This dataset is suitable for algorithmic studies and has been used in a comparison between the Naïve Bayes and the C5.0 Decision Tree Algorithms. They have been used for predicting the decision of the committee in admitting candidates at various bachelor programs. Our analysis shows that, in this particular case, a combination of the approaches outperform a both of them in term of precision and recall.
Individual Differences in Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Freezing Behavior During Fear Learning and Extinction in Female Rats

Although many people experience traumatic events, only 10%-20% go on to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Women are particularly susceptible, with a prevalence rate double that of men, even when controlling for type of trauma exposure. This disparity suggests the existence of distinct neurobiological processes, particularly related to sex, that predispose some individuals to be more resistant to extinguishing learned fear. Similar differences exist in rodent fear conditioning and extinction, though female rodents are considerably understudied. We hypothesized that female rodents would exhibit individual differences in fear extinction similar to those that we have observed previously in males. The present study examined freezing behavior, plus both 22 kHz and 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of female Long Evans rats (N=14) during acquisition of fear conditioning and cued fear extinction. Similar to prior studies in males, rats were divided into extinction competent (EC) and extinction resistant (ER) phenotypes based on a median split of freezing behavior during the last ten tone presentations of the extinction trial. Similar to males, in females freezing behavior during fear learning did not differ between EC and ER groups, but there was a difference during cued fear extinction. During fear acquisition trials, all female rats produced 50 kHz USVs, which were emitted mostly during the unconditioned period prior to the tone-shock pairings. During fear acquisition, EC rats also emitted significantly more 50 kHz USVs than ER rats during the unconditioned freezing period and in total throughout the trial. Both number and duration of 50 kHz calls differed between EC and ER groups over time. Only about half the female rats exhibited “distress” USVs in the 22 kHz range, and only during tone-shock pairings during fear acquisition and tone presentations during extinction learning. There was no significant difference in number of 22 kHz USVs between ER and EC groups. These results suggest that like males, female rodents show individual differences in both freezing and vocalizations during fear learning and extinction, although males appear to vocalize more in the 22 kHz range while females show a distinct pattern and higher number of 50 kHz USVs.
The influence of microstructure on charge separation dynamics in organic bulk heterojunction materials for solar cell applications

Light-induced charge formation is essential for the generation of photocurrent in organic solar cells. In order to gain a better understanding of this complex process, we have investigated the femtosecond dynamics of charge separation upon selective excitation of either the fullerene or the polymer in different bulk heterojunction blends with well-characterized microstructure. Blends of the pBTTT and PBDTTPD polymers with PCBM gave us access to three different scenarios: either a single intermixed phase, an intermixed phase with additional pure PCBM clusters, or a three-phase microstructure of pure polymer aggregates, pure fullerene clusters and intermixed regions. We found that ultrafast charge separation (by electron or hole transfer) occurs predominantly in intermixed regions, while charges are generated more slowly from excitons in pure domains that require diffusion to a charge generation site. The pure domains are helpful to prevent geminate charge recombination, but they must be sufficiently small not to become exciton traps. By varying the polymer packing, backbone planarity and chain length, we have shown that exciton diffusion out of small polymer aggregates in the highly efficient PBDTTPD:PCBM blend occurs within the same chain and is helped by delocalization.
МЕДИЧНІ ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ / MEDICNI PERSPEKTIVI

Аdvanced glycation end-products as novel biomarkers of eosinophil-derived lung inflammatory diseases (literature review). Gamian A. , Zubchenko S.O. , Havrylyuk A.M., Kril I.Y. , Chopyak V.V. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are created during the process of glycation of cells from various tissues and fluids and are a heterogeneous group of molecules formed from the nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugars with the amino group of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid. In normal conditions, they play the immunoregulatory role. In pathologic conditions AGEs activate the receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and cause long-lasting inflammation. RAGE participates actively in various disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, etc. However, there is relatively small number of scientific studies on the possibility of using the role of AGE in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. RAGE transcript and protein are expressed in the lung by pulmonary type I alveolar epithelial cells, suggesting that RAGE has an important role in lung pathophysiology. They repress some endogenous autoregulatory functions leading to many diseases, including allergy. Oxidative stress increases the inflammatory reaction in asthma and allergies. Long-lasting inflammation followed by free radicals production are important factors involved in allergic reactions, they negatively influence the incidence and prognosis of allergy. RAGEs are expressed on circulating immune cells, they activate NF kappaB and intracellular oxidative stress also increases the inflammatory reaction in asthma and allergies. The membrane RAGE (mRAGE) signaling is proinflammatory, whereas soluble RAGE (sRAGE), a secreted form of RAGE, is generally anti-inflammatory. The study of AGEs, soluble RAGE, ligands of RAGE HMGB1, and S100A8/A913 and IL-33 is useful in the context of their considering as biomarkers to the differentiation diagnostic between eosinophils-derived and neutrophil-derived asthma/AAD. The mean serum levels of RAGE may be the target of new therapeutic interventions. Реферат. Кінцеві продукти глікації як нові біомаркери еозинофільних запальних процесів у легенях (огляд літератури). Гам’ян А. Зубченко С. О. , Гаврилюк А. М. , Кріль І. Й. , Чоп’як В. В. Кінцеві продукти глікації (аdvanced glycation end-products, AGEs) є гетерогенною групою речовин, що утворюються у процесі неферментативної реакції відновлених цукрів з аміногрупами білків, ліпідів і нуклеїнових кислот з різних тканин і рідин. У нормальному стані вони відіграють імунорегуляторну роль. В умовах патології AGEs активують рецептори для кінцевих продуктів глікації (RAGE) і викликають тривале запалення. RAGE беруть
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF MYRTENAL IN DMBA INDUCED HAMSTER BUCCAL POUCH CARCINOGENESIS

Chronic inflammation has been documented as one of the key pathological features of several illnesses including cancer. The present study examined the anti-inflammatory effect of myrtenal by analyzing the immunoexpression pattern of inflammatory markers in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced oral carcinoma in golden syrian hamsters. Topical application of DMBA (0.5%), a potent site specific carcinogen, three times a week for 14 weeks on the buccal pouches of hamsters resulted in tumor development, which was confirmed histopathologically as well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The immunoexpression pattern of inflammatory markers (NFB, Cox-2, iNOS, TNF, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10) in the buccal mucosa was found to be up regulated in the tumor bearing hamsters. Myrtenal administration (230 mg/kg bw p.o) to the hamsters treated with DMBA down regulated the immunoexpression pattern of the above said molecular markers in the buccal mucosa. The present study thus suggests that the anti-inflammatory efficacy of myrtenal might have played a possible role in the prevention of DMBA induced oral tumor formation in the buccal mucosa of golden Syrian hamsters.
Patterns of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Health Care Workers

Background: Work –related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) is a high cost problem in the healthcare industry and one of the leading causes of disability among health care workers (HCWs). It is an ongoing problem due to frequent patients handling with limited resources, time constraints & repeated shifts. Objective: To determine the prevalence & severity of WRMDs among HCWs at Benha University Hospitals (BUHs), to identify the risk factors of WRMDs and finally, to recommend a program for prevention. Patients and methods: It was a cross-sectional included 343 of HCWs at BUHs from 1st May 2019 to the end of December 2019 using an interview questionnaire incorporating the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: The majority of the studied group were females (81.9%) with a mean age of 35 ± 7.5 years old. Nurses represented more than two thirds of the studied group (67.1%) while 25.9% were doctors and only (7%) were service workers. The prevalence of chronic MSDs among studied group was 81%. Chronic lower back pain (LBP) was the most prominent complaint in the last 12 months (81%), while only (14.3%) complained of chronic elbow pain. (WRMDs) were significantly higher among those who keep prolonged static and awkward posture, those having work shift, over-time work, those who felt hard to keep-up with work pace and those who did not have enough rest time during working hours and did not have regular rest at work. Conclusion: Work–related musculoskeletal disorders have a great impact on the workers, the organization and the society as a whole. So measures to prevent them are recommended.
Critical behavior in Nt=4 staggered fermion thermodynamics

Quantum chromodynamics with two zero mass flavors is expected to exhibit a phase transition with O74✦ critical behavior. Fixing the universality class is important for phenomenology and for facilitating the extrapolation of simulation data to physical quark mass values. Other groups have reported results from lattice QCD simulations with dynamical staggered quarks at N t 4, which suggest a departure from the expected critical behavior. We have pushed simulations to the largest volumes and smallest quark mass to date. Strong discrepancies in critical exponents and the scaling equation of state persist.
Exploring the Potential of Ridge Density as a Measure of Sex Identification

Identification of individual based on fingerprints is well established and widely used for both security and forensic purposes. In a forensic scenario, when a fingerprint is found at a scene of crime, it is sought to compare with the fingerprints from a set of suspects. Sex Identification may be considered as first level of identification. In this study, potential of ridge density has been explored for sex identification within wide age groups. A database of fingerprints collected from 190(95 Male and 95 Female) people of various age groups ranging from 1-70 year from Marathwada population has been prepared. Analysis of the fingerprints shows ridge density as an efficient sex marker except for the kids less than 10 years of age. The present study was aimed to explore the potential of ridge density in sex identification. The variability due to well defined area for the calculation of ridge density was also explored. The study revealed that there is no significant difference in ridge density due to selected region. As far as variability due to age is concerned, it has been found that there is stability in ridge density once the age crosses 10 years. As far as identification of sex is concerned, there is a difference of 1-2 ridges when ridge density of male vs. female is calculated, which may be due to average over a small database.
Preparation and characterisation of 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-disulphonic and -5-sulphonic acids and their ruthenium(II) complexes. Excited-state properties and excited-state electron-transfer reactions of ruthenium(II) complexes containing 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-disulphonic acid or 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′ di

We report the syntheses of 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-disulphonic acid (H2bp-4,4′-ds) and 2,2′-bipyridine-5-sulphonic acid (Hbp-5-s), and several ruthenium(II) complexes derived therefrom, including [Ru(bp-4,4′-ds)3]4–,[Ru(bipy)(bp-4,4′-ds)2]2–(bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine), [Ru(bipy)2(bp-4,4′-ds)], and [Ru(bp-5-s)3]– and their 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (H2bpdc) analogues, viz. [Ru(bpdc)3]4–, [Ru(bipy)(bpdc)2]2–, and [Ru(bipy)2(bpdc)]. Some novel thioalkyl derivatives of 2,2′- bipyridine, including 4,4′-di(methylthio)-2,2′-bipyridine, 4,4′-di(ethylthio)-2,2′-bipyridine, and 4,4′,6,6′-tetra(methylthio)-2,2′-bipyridine, were also prepared and characterised during the course of this investigation. The luminescent states of the complexes [Ru(bp-4,4′-ds)3]4–,[Ru(bipy)(bp-4,4′ds)2]2–, [Ru(bpdc)3]4–, [Ru(bipy)(bpdc)2]2–, and [Ru(bipy)2(bpdc)] were studied using variabletemperature lifetime measurements. Studies of the quenching of {[Ru(bipy)3]2+}*, {[Ru(bipy)2(bpdc)]}*, {[Ru(bipy)(bp-4,4′-ds)2]2–}*, and {[Ru(bp-4,4′-ds)3]4–}* by 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium bromide (methyl viologen) in aqueous solution as a function of ionic strength have demonstrated that the effects of charge in these electron-transfer reactions can be understood in terms of conventional theories of ionic reactions whilst, at the same time, confirming the effective charges of the ruthenium(II) complex ions. The rate constants for the quenching of {[Ru(bp-4,4′-ds)3]4–}* and {[Ru(bipy)(bp-4,4′-ds)2]2–}* by copper(II) ions in neutral aqueous solution show unusual (non-Arrhenius) temperature dependences. A novel kinetic scheme involving parallel innerand outer-sphere quenching mechanisms has been proposed to account for the observed behaviour. The luminiscence decay of {[Ru(bipy)2(bpdc)]}* in the presence of aqueous copper(II) ions at pH 3.5 is non-exponential. This is interpreted in terms of a combination of static and dynamic quenching effects.
Significance of dye research and development for practical dyers

The history of research and development on synthetic dyes stretches back for 150 years. Major contributions to practical dyeing have been the provision of dye ranges for both natural and synthetic fibres of a sufficiently wide colour gamut to obtain a multitude of colours. Dye standardisation, with the associated analytical, testing and evaluation methods, has ensured that products are fit for purpose. Ecotoxicology has been a major issue for several decades, adding to the cost of research but improving the health and safety aspects of dyes. Developments in physical forms of dyes have been designed to improve health, safety, hygiene, ease of handling and accuracy in dispensing. Application research, in conjunction with dye users and machinery makers, has been a long-established feature of the industry. This has resulted in improved, controlled and systematic dye application techniques, leading to shorter dyeing cycles, right-first-time (RFT) processing and a reduction in processing costs. Although dye making is now based mainly in Asia, it is hoped that R&D efforts will continue to ensure that products of the necessary quality and performance remain available.
Impact of the Iranian Health Sector Evolution Plan on Rehospitalization: An Analysis of 158000 Hospitalizations

Background: In May 2014, Iran launched the most far-reaching reform for the health sector, so-called Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP), since introduction of the primary health care network, with a systematic plan to bring about Universal Health Coverage. We aimed to analyze the time to first all-caused rehospitalization and all-caused 30-day readmission rate in the biggest referral hospital of Northwest of Iran before and after the reform. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed discharge data for all hospitalization occurred in the six-year period of 2011–2017. The primary endpoints were readmission-free survival, and overall 30-day readmission rate. Using multivariate cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression, we assessed between-period differences for readmission-free survival time and overall 30-day rehospitalization, respectively. Results: Overall, 157969 admissions were included. After adjusting for available confounders including age; sex; ward of admission; length of stay; and admission in first/second half of year, the risk of being readmitted within 30 days after the reform was significantly higher (worse) compared to pre-reform hospitalization (odd ratio 1.22, P<0.001, 95% CI, 1.15–1.30). Adjusting for the same covariates, after-reform period also was slightly significantly associated with decreased (deteriorated) readmission-free time compared with pre-HSEP period (HR 1.06, P=0.005, 95% CI 1.01–1.11). Conclusion: HSEP seems insufficient to improve neither readmission rate, nor readmission-free time. It is advisable some complementary strategies to be incorporated in the HSEP, such as continuity of care promotion, self-care enhancement, effective information flow, and post-discharge follow up programs.
A general system describing the visco‐elastic properties of bitumens and its relation to routine test data

After dynamic and static experiments on the mechanical behaviour of bitumens an attempt was made to incorporate all the essential factors into a simple system. This was found to be possible in the form of a nomograph, by means of which the deformation of bitumens can be calculated as a function of stress, time and temperature. Origin or method of manufacture proved to be of less importance than hardness and rheological type. For correlation with standard test-methods, the ring-and-ball temperature and the penetration index were found to be suitable parameters. The nomograph enables the average behaviour of a given grade to be calculated with an accuracy sufficient for engineering purposes. Another feature of the nomograph is that it creates the possibility of giving an interpretation of other routine tests. By way of example both penetration and Fraass breaking test are discussed.