Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabolic responses to physical activity in subjects with type 1 diabetes

The beneficial effects of exercise in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are not fully proven, given that it may occasionally induce acute metabolic disturbances. Indeed, the metabolic disturbances associated with sustained exercise may lead to worsening control unless great care is taken to adjust carbohydrate intake and insulin dosage. In this work, preand postexercise metabolites were analyzed using a H-NMR and GC-MS untargeted metabolomics approach assayed in serum. We studied ten men with T1D and eleven controls matched for age, body mass index, body fat composition, and cardiorespiratory capacity, participated in the study. The participants performed 30 minutes of exercise on a cycleergometer at 80% VO2max. In response to exercise, both groups had increased concentrations of gluconeogenic precursors (alanine and lactate) and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (citrate, malate, fumarate and succinate). The T1D group, however, showed attenuation in the response of these metabolites to exercise. Conversely to T1D, the control group also presented increases in a-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoisocaproic acid, and lipolysis products (glycerol and oleic and linoleic acids), as well as a reduction in branched chain amino acids (valine and leucine) determinations. The T1D patients presented a blunted metabolic response to acute exercise as compared to controls. This attenuated response may interfere in the healthy performance or fitness of T1D patients, something that further studies should elucidate. Citation: Brugnara L, Vinaixa M, Murillo S, Samino S, Rodriguez MA, et al. (2012) Metabolomics Approach for Analyzing the Effects of Exercise in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40600. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0040600 Editor: Rocio I. Pereira, University of Colorado Denver, United States of America Received January 25, 2012; Accepted June 11, 2012; Published July 11, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Brugnara et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by CIBERDEM – Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (ISCIII, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación); METADIAB (Metabolism and Diabetes Project) 12-12-2009. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: anovials@clinic.ub. es
Cytogenetic and molecular assessment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients from 2014 to 2017 in Ahvaz

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy in children that is caused by gene mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in lymphoid cells. Aim: In this study, for the first time, the prevalence of cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities was discussed in children with ALL from 2014 to 2017 in Ahvaz. Materials and Methods: A total of 72 children were diagnosed as ALL patients by morphology, clinical examinations, and flow cytometry assays. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis was done on bone marrow (BM) samples by BM culture and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique, respectively. Descriptive data analysis was done using SPSS software. Chi-square and independent samples t-test was used to assess the correlation between variables. Results: Sixty-five cases (90.3%) were preB lineage and 7 cases (9.7%) were T-lineage out of 72 ALL patients, t(9,22) BCR-ABL (p190) is the most frequent cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormality in preB ALL (7%) and T-ALL patients (28.6%), respectively. t(4,3) inv (16) and t(2,8) were introduced as novel cytogenetic abnormalities in preB ALL cells. No significant correlation was found between gender, molecular genetic abnormalities, and white blood cell count in patients. Conclusion: For the first time in this study, the highest percentage of cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities was related to t(9,22) BCR-ABL in both ALL subtypes in children. The evaluation of cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities in children with ALL is essential in estimating the prognosis in both preB and T-ALL subtypes, which will be a great contribution to achieve a better diagnosis and develop appropriate therapeutic approaches.
The Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) lambeosaurine dinosaur Charonosaurus jiayinensis from north-eastern China

Since the beginning of the 20th century, the Yuliangze Formation of the Jiayin locality, in north-eastern China, has yielded abundant dinosaur material. Palynological data suggest that the Yuliangze Formation is late Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) in age. About 90 percent of the bones recovered from this locality belong to the lambeosaurine (Hadrosauridae) dinosaur Charonosaurus jiayinensis GODEFROIT, ZAN & JIN, 2000. An osteological reconstruction of this dinosaur is proposed in the present paper. A phylogenetic analysis, based on 34 cranial, dental and postcranial characters, indicates that Charonosaurus is the sister-taxon of the Late Cretaceous North American genus Parasaurolophus. Comparisons of postcranial features indicate that Charonosaurus jiayinensis was probably less well-adapted for quadruped gait than was Iguanodon bernissartensis, but was probably a more efficient biped. It is suggested that the great development of the distal ischial foot in lambeosaurines, that served as attachment site for M. rectus abdominis, may be correlated to the hypertrophy of the nasal passage in these dinosaurs. If lambeosaurine dinosaurs dominated potential late Maastrichtian localities in eastern Asia, these dinosaurs are not represented anymore in synchronous Lancian localities from western North America, dominated either by ceratopsian or by titanosaurid dinosaurs.
Microbial Conjugated Linolenic Acid-Enriched Fermented Milk Using Lipase-Hydrolyzed Flaxseed Oil: Biochemical, Organoleptic and Storage Traits

The bioactive conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) can be microbiologically produced by different probiotic strains when in the presence of α-linolenic acid (α-LNA). Food matrices are a good vector, such as has been previously demonstrated with fermented milk enriched with microbial CLNA by Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20091 from lipase-hydrolyzed flaxseed oil. The aim of the present work was to further assess the nutritional, biochemical and organoleptic properties of the developed dairy product, as well as its storage stability throughout 28 days at 4 °C, proving its suitability for consumption. Milk lactose hydrolyzed into glucose (0.89 g/100 g) and galactose (0.88 g/100 g), which were further metabolized into lactic (0.42 g/100 g), acetic (0.44 g/100 g) and propionic (0.85 g/100 g) acids. Titratable acidity reached 0.69% and pH 4.93. Compared with the control (no CLNA), fat content was slightly higher (2.0 g/100 g). Acetic acid was the major volatile (83.32%), lacking important dairy flavor contributors, like acetaldehyde. Sensory analysis revealed predominant astringency and bitterness. No microbial concerns arose during storage, but the CLNA content increased, and some saturated fatty acids seemed to oxidize. In conclusion, the CLNA-enriched fermented milk revealed reasonable compositional properties, yet further improvements are needed for optimal consumer acceptance and a prolonged shelf-life.
Can we reliably reconstruct the mid-Pliocene Warm Period with sparse data and uncertain models?

We present a reconstruction of the surface climate of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP), speciﬁcally Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) KM5c or 3.205 Ma. We combine the ensemble of climate model simulations which contributed to the PlioMIP projects, with compilations of proxy data analyses of sea surface temperature (SST). The different data sets we considered are all sparse with high uncertainty, and the best estimate annual global mean surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly varies from 5 1.0 up to 4.7 ◦ C depending on data source. We argue that the latest PlioVAR analysis of alkenone data is likely more reliable than other data sets we consider, and using this data set yields a SAT anomaly of 3 . 6 ± 1 . 0 ◦ C, with a value of 2 . 8 ± 0 . 9 ◦ C for SST (all uncertainties are quoted at one standard deviation). However, depending on the application, it may be advisable to consider the wider range to account for structural uncertainty. The regional scale information in the reconstruction may not be reliable as it is largely based on the 10 patterns simulated by the models. Nevertheless, despite the uncertainties, there is some indication that polar ampliﬁcation may be underestimated in the models.
Variability of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Provenances in Central Ukraine

A total of 65 pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) provenances from the southern, central, northern, and eastern parts of the oak distribution range in Vinnytsia region (Central Ukraine) were assessed in a common garden experiment. Analysis of the population’s survival dynamics indicates an increase with age in the adaptive capacity of the provenances to the environmental conditions. In the initial stage, up to 10 years, the survival rate of the local populations was about 75%, by 40 years the survival decreased to 15%. At the same time, the number of trees of other provenances, which were characterised by higher survival rate, increased. The best adaptive capacity was obtained for the Rivne (Ostrozke), Kirovohrad (Svitlovodske), Chuvash (Kanaske), and Ulyanovsk (Melekske) provenances. The indicators of average height of the trees and geographic longitude (r=-0.513) and latitude of the natural growth of the populations (r=-0.474) are characterised by a significant and moderately close relationship. Oak populations differ by average diameter and remoteness from the natural location ratio (r=-0.431), and by the geographic latitude of their growing place (r=-0.478) in a moderate correlation. According to the comprehensive assessment of the non-local populations, which included survival rate, mean diameter and height, and tree breeding category, we can conclude that in general, the central populations have optimal values. Populations of Bryansk, Khmelnytskyi, Zaporizhzhya, and Cherkassy origin, as well as the local ones, have the highest values. The lowest indicators were observed manly for the northern oak populations.
"Everyone Can Help the Earth": Environmental Dispositions of Elementary Students in Los Angeles, California's South Bay

Abstract:Early environmental exposures profoundly affect children's development of pro-environmental attitudes, yet the perspectives of children from historically environmentally disadvantaged neighborhoods are rarely heard. This study sought to understand children's environmental dispositions in the South Bay Region of Los Angeles County, California. We held focus groups with 109 third- and fourth-grade students across four public elementary schools. The young students in the South Bay conveyed largely positive eco-perspectives and suggested a lifelong interest in environmental sustainability. Placing their responses within the school's environmental context suggests that unfavorable local conditions do not hinder the development of eco-affinity or eco-awareness.
Effects of Early-Childhood-Based Interventions Influencing Bones: A Systematic Review

A healthy lifestyle from early childhood is a crucial factor that influences bone-related factors in adulthood. In this context, physical education or psychomotricity from early childhood is an important opportunity to face this problem. The present article aims to systematically summarize school-based interventions, evaluated through randomized controlled trial design, that influence the bones of children from early childhood. A systematic review of relevant articles was carried out using four main databases (PubMed, ProQuest Central (including 26 databases), Scopus, and Web of Sciences) until 12 November 2023. From a total of 42 studies initially found, 12 were included in the qualitative synthesis. In brief terms, from early childhood and during puberty, children’s bones are particularly responsive to exercise, making this an ideal time for interventions to maximize bone health. Therefore, incorporating physical activity into school curriculums is a strategic approach for enhancing bone health in children. Mainly, plyometric exercises can significantly enhance bone density and geometry. Nevertheless, collaboration among educators, healthcare professionals, and parents is key for designing and implementing these effective interventions.
Synthetic Lethality by Co-Inhibition of Androgen Receptor and Polyadenosine Diphosphate-Ribose in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) and polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose inhibitors (PARPi) are part of the standard of care in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). There is biological evidence that the association of ARPI and PARPi could have a synergistic effect; therefore, several ongoing clinical trials are investigating the efficacy of this combination with preliminary results that are not perfectly concordant in identifying patients who can obtain the most benefit from this therapeutic option. The purpose of this review is to describe the PARPi mechanisms of action and to analyze the biological mechanisms behind the interplay between the androgen receptor and the PARPi system to better understand the rationale of the ARPI + PARPi combinations. Furthermore, we will summarize the preliminary results of the ongoing studies on these combinations, trying to understand in which patients to apply. Finally, we will discuss the clinical implications of this combination and its possible future perspectives.
Adult non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in Portugal is dominated by serotype 3 and non-PCV13 serotypes 3-years after near universal PCV13 use in children

Introduction Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (NIPP) is possibly the most frequent infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults. However, the herd effect of vaccinating children in adult NIPP (aNIPP) remains poorly characterized. Methods We determined the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates causing aNIPP (>18 years) in 2016–2018 in Portugal; 3 years with near universal vaccination of children with the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13), following over a decade of significant PCV use in children in the private market. Results and discussion Among the 1,149 aNIPP isolates, the most frequent serotypes detected were: 3 (n = 168, 14.6%), 11A (n = 102, 8.9%), 19F (n = 70, 6.1%), 23A and 23B (n = 62, 5.4% each), 9N (n = 60, 5.2%), 8 and 29/35B (n = 43, 3.7% each); together accounting for 53% of all isolates. The serotype distribution causing aNIPP was stable in 2016–2018, with the serotypes included in PCV7 still being important causes of disease and serotype 3, a PCV13 serotype, remaining the leading cause of aNIPP. There was an increase in penicillin non-susceptibility from 17% in 2016 to 24% in 2018 (p = 0.018). Some PCV13 serotypes, such as 14, 19A and 19F were associated to resistance, which may have contributed to their persistence. The fact that close to 20% of aNIPP is caused by four non-vaccine serotypes (23A, 23B, 9N, and 29/35B) and that there were significant differences in serotype distribution relative to invasive disease, stress the importance of maintaining the surveillance of these infections. The lack of a continued herd effect from vaccinating children and the significant fraction of aNIPP potentially preventable by PCV13 (30%), PCV15 (34%), PCV20 (53%) and the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (61%) underscore the importance of considering the broader use of pneumococcal vaccines in adults.
Air- and Water-Stable Heteroleptic Copper (I) Complexes Bearing Bis(indazol-1-yl)methane Ligands: Synthesis, Characterisation, and Computational Studies

A series of four novel heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes, bearing bis(1H-indazol-1-yl)methane analogues as N,N ligands and DPEPhos as the P,P ligand, were synthesised in high yields under mild conditions and characterised by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. In addition, the position of the carboxymethyl substituent in the complexes and its effect on the electrochemical and photophysical behaviour was evaluated. As expected, the homoleptic copper (I) complexes with the N,N ligands showed air instability. In contrast, the obtained heteroleptic complexes were air- and water-stable in solid and solution. All complexes displayed green-yellow luminescence in CH2Cl2 at room temperature due to ligand-centred (LC) phosphorescence in the case of the Cu(I) complex with an unsubstituted N,N ligand and metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) phosphorescence for the carboxymethyl-substituted complexes. Interestingly, proper substitution of the bis(1H-indazol-1-yl)methane ligand enabled the achievement of a remarkable luminescent yield (2.5%) in solution, showcasing the great potential of this novel class of copper(I) complexes for potential applications in luminescent devices and/or photocatalysis.
Human Trust in Robots: A Survey on Trust Models and Their Controls/Robotics Applications

Trust model is a topic that first gained interest in organizational studies and then human factors in automation. Thanks to recent advances in human-robot interaction (HRI) and human-autonomy teaming, human trust in robots has gained growing interest among researchers and practitioners. This article focuses on a survey of computational models of human-robot trust and their applications in robotics and robot controls. The motivation is to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art computational methods to quantify trust so as to provide feedback and situational awareness in HRI. Different from other existing survey papers on human-robot trust models, we seek to provide in-depth coverage of the trust model categorization, formulation, and analysis, with a focus on their utilization in robotics and robot controls. The paper starts with a discussion of the difference between human-robot trust with general agent-agent trust, interpersonal trust, and human trust in automation and machines. A list of impacting factors for human-robot trust and different trust measurement approaches, and their corresponding scales are summarized. We then review existing computational human-robot trust models and discuss the pros and cons of each category of models. These include performance-centric algebraic, time-series, Markov decision process (MDP)/Partially Observable MDP (POMDP)-based, Gaussian-based, and dynamic Bayesian network (DBN)-based trust models. Following the summary of each computational human-robot trust model, we examine its utilization in robot control applications, if any. We also enumerate the main limitations and open questions in this field and discuss potential future research directions.
Immune Response Profile in Susceptibility and Protection in Visceral Leishmaniasis

Among the clinical forms of leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis is the most debilitating clinical form because it compromises mainly liver and spleen in the host. The immune response against the parasite and immune factors relating to protection or susceptibility are not well established. Experimental models and natural infection in dogs also have different patterns to human disease. In the scientific community, many groups are developing different strategies to find an effective vaccine that could be used in dogs, and/or human in the future, with success. The vaccine to leishmaniasis, together with other sanitary strategies, could decrease the infection rates in endemic countries. Here, it is presented a review of the last studies focusing in a vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis.
ICT in Rural libraries of West Bengal: A case study of Jalpaiguri District India

In this world of advanced technology the libraries have seen a massive change in their housekeeping operation and other work culture. This advancement in technology has not only provided easy access to knowledge but also turn the whole world into a global village. But without the latest technologies the traditional rural libraries are facing huge challenges in providing proper information to the user. The rural libraries in India are facing acute financial problems, lack of trained personal, lack proper infrastructure etc. thus the rural libraries has turned into museums for preservation of books. Even the school and college libraries of the rural region are more advanced than public rural libraries.
Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study Describing Postoperative Wound Care Practice in Northeast Ethiopia

Background Postoperative care is the management of a patient after surgery that includes care given during the immediate postoperative period. Postoperative complications are continuing to be a major source of morbidity following operative procedures. Postoperative wound infection delays the patient’s recovery, increases discomfort, and prolongs the hospital stay. Objective The study aimed to assess among nurses working in governmental hospitals in the south Wollo zone and Oromia special zone, northeast Ethiopia, 2020. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on governmental hospitals in the south Wollo zone and Oromia special zone. Variables in multivariable logistic regression, p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Result From a total of 411 samples, 402 nurses responded to the questionnaire, with a response rate of 97.81%. This study showed that 49.8% of participants had good practice. The availability of a wound management tool was 1.6 times more likely to promote good practice than the lack of a wound assessment tool. Nurses who had documented their wound assessment and management activities were 2.1 times more likely to have good practice than those who hadn’t documented. Conclusion This study showed that half of the participants had poor wound care practices. Regarding associated factors, the availability of wound management tools and documentation of wound assessment and management had a significant association with the nurse's poor wound care practice. On the basis of these results, health policymakers and hospital administrators should develop a program to train nurses in wound care practice, and it helps as a reference for the researchers to further study.
Trees, wood and river morphodynamics: results from 15 years research on the Tagliamento River, Italy

This is the peer reviewed version of the following book chapter: Gurnell, A.M. 2016. Trees, wood and river morphodynamics: results from 15 years research on the Tagliamento River, Italy. In Gilvear, D.J., Greenwood, M.T. , Thoms, M.C. , Wood, P.J. (eds.) River Science: Research and Management for the 21st Century, 132-155, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK, which has been published in final form at DOI: 10.1002/9781118643525.ch7. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.