Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Honeycomb crystallography: Experiment–theory approach for bee comb formation under geometric frustrations

As honeybees build their nests in pre-existing tree cavities, they grow accustomed to dealing with the presence of geometric constraints, resulting in non-regular hexagons and topological defects. In this work, we study how bees collectively adapt to their environment in order to regulate the comb structure. Specifically, we identify the irregularities in honeycomb structure in the presence of various geometric frustrations. We 3D-print experimental frames with a variety of constraints imposed on the imprinted foundations. The combs constructed by the bees show clear evidence of reoccurring patterns built by bees in response to specific geometric frustrations on starter frames. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these patterns can be successfully modeled and replicated through a simulated annealing process, in which the minimized potential is a variation of the Lennard-Jones potential that only considers first-neighbor interactions according to a Delaunay triangulation. Our simulation results not only confirm the connection between honeycomb structures and other crystal systems such as graphene, but also show that irregularities in the honeycomb structure can be explained as the result of local interactions between honeybees and their immediate surroundings, leading to emergent global order. Additionally, our computational model can be used to describe specific strategies that bees use to effectively solve each geometric mismatch problem while optimizing cost of comb building.
Comparação da Acurácia de Modelos de Redes Neurais Artificiais na Predição da Irradiância Solar e Geração de Energia Fotovoltaica

Uma das maneiras de suprir o crescente consumo de energia elétrica com o uso de fontes de energia limpa e renovável, tal como a solar fotovoltaica. No entanto, este tipo de geração possui intermitências que aumentam a instabilidade e a insegurança da rede energética. Umas das soluções para este problema consiste no estudo de métodos para a Predição da Geração de Energia Solar Fotovoltaica (PGESF). Neste contexto, o presente estudo comparou a acurácia de predição de modelos de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA), publicado em [14], a partir de duas bases de dados (datasets) distintas e três diferentes horizontes de predição de curto prazo. Os resultados sugerem que o uso de diferentes variáveis meteorológicas e o tamanho do dataset influenciam significativamente (p-valor<0,001) na acurácia dos modelos. Além disso, a acurácia de predição dos modelos diminuiu conforme o horizonte de predição aumentou.
Mancozeb Induced Changes in Carbohydrate Metabolism of Paddy Cultivars during Seed Germination

Fungicides may cause oxidative stress in plants. Plants adapt to stress by different mechanism including changes in physiological and biological processes. Carbohydrates are considered as important metabolites in plants under stress condition. The reduction in their synthesis may affect plant growth and yield. The present work is an attempt to understand the effect of different concentrations of mancozeb on carbohydrate metabolism in paddy cultivars. Seed treatment with mancozeb influenced different aspects both at morphological and biochemical level. The study was carried out for 14 days after soaking the seeds in different concentrations of mancozeb and control was maintained. There was considerable significant positive increase in starch content, reducing sugar, βamylase and invertase enzyme activities in Jyothi cultivar. Thus mancozeb acts as stimulatory effector. This may be adoptive measure under stress condition. Where as in Jaya and IR-64 cultivar, mancozeb treatment was found to be having detrimental effect.
Effectiveness of Some Plant Leaves in the Preservation Habanero Pepper ( Capsicum chinense ) IKECHI – NWOGU

The effectiveness of Persea americana (Avocado), Musa sapientum (Plantain), Veronia amygdalina (Bitter leaf), Colocasia esculenta (Cocoyam) and Carica papaya (Pawpaw) leaves were compared in the preservation of habanero pepper (Caspicum chinense) against storage rot for a period of six weeks. Habanero pepper are tender and have high water content which makes them enormously perishable and susceptible to fungal attack thereby making storage a problem. Habanero pepper was wrapped in surface sterilized leaves of the above-mention plants and control was kept in a different basket without leaves. At seven (7) days intervals, soft, rotten and wilted habanero pepper were counted, pick out and the leaves replaced with fresh ones. Examining the performances of the different leaves, P. Americana and V. amygdalina were significantly (P=0.05) better than those of M. sapientum, C. esculenta and control. To show the different percentage rates of survival, M. sapientum and C. esculenta had 0% by the end of the 42 days treatment. C. papaya, V. amygdalina and P. americana had 5%, 26.25% and 28.75% survival rate respectively. Some organisms responsible for the decay of the pepper fruits were inoculated, incubated, isolated, inspected and finally identified as: Fusarium moniliforme, Aspergillus niger and Mucor irregularis. These findings showed that Persea americana leaves preserved pepper better and reduced storage rot. The results of this experiment have created an alternative storage method and can be used to back up the claims of local farmers that lined baskets with V. amygdalina leaves. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/jasem.v26i1. 7 Open Access Article: (https://pkp.sfu.ca/ojs/) This an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCL), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Impact factor: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php? id=21082 Google Analytics: https://www.ajol. info/stats/bdf07303d34706088ffffbc8a92c9c1491b12470 Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Ikechi-Nwogu et al. Dates: Received: 23 August 2021; Revised: 21 December 2021; Accepted: 06 January 2022
Towards physically consistent data-driven weather forecasting: Integrating data assimilation with geometric deep learning in a case study with ERA5

There is growing interest in data-driven weather prediction (DDWP), for example using convolutional neural networks such as U-NETs that are trained on data from models or reanalysis. Here, we propose 3 components to integrate with commonly used DDWP models in order to improve their physical consistency and forecast accuracy. These components are 1) a deep spatial transformer added to the latent space of the U-NETs to preserve a property called equivariance (a concept in geometric deep learning), which is related to correctly capturing rotations and scalings of features in spatio-temporal data, 2) 5 a data-assimilation (DA) algorithm to ingest noisy observations and improve the initial conditions for next forecasts, and 3) a multi-time-step algorithm, which combines forecasts from DDWP models with different time steps through DA, improving the accuracy of forecasts at short intervals. To show the benefit/feasibility of each component, we use geopotential height at 500 hPa (Z500) from ERA5 reanalysis and examine the short-term forecast accuracy of specific setups of the DDWP framework. Results show that the equivariance-preserving networks (U-STNs) clearly outperform the U-NETs, for example improving the 10 forecast skill by 45%. Using a sigma-point ensemble Kalman (SPEnKF) algorithm for DA and U-STN as the forward model, we show that stable, accurate DA cycles are achieved even with high observation noise. This DDWP+DA framework substantially benefits from large (O(1000)) ensembles that are inexpensively generated with the data-driven forward model in each DA cycle. The multi-time-step DDWP+DA framework also shows promises, e.g., it reduces the average error by factors of 2-3. These results show the benefits/feasibilities of these 3 components, which are flexible and can be used in a variety of DDWP 15 setups. Furthermore, while here we focus on weather forecasting, the 3 components can be readily adopted for other parts of the Earth system, such as ocean and land, for which there is a rapid growth of data and need for forecast/assimilation.
J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 52, 241–247 (2006)

duced with a single species, Asaia bogorensis Yamada et al. 2000 in the family Acetobacteriaceae Gillis and De Ley 1980 (Yamada et al., 2000). Since the second and the third species were additionally described as Asaia siamensis Katsura et al. 2001 and Asaia krungthepensis Yukphan et al. 2004, three species have been reported in total (Katsura et al., 2001; Yamada et al., 2000; Yukphan et al., 2004c). Strains of the three Asaia species represent common phenotypic features such as no or very weak oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid and no or very weak growth in the presence of 0.35% (w/v) acetic acid. The discrimination of the three Asaia species from one another is mainly based on phenotypic characterization, e.g., acid production from and growth on different carbon compounds, which sometimes gives unreliable conclusion in their identification and classification and is different in this respect from DNA-DNA hybridization. However, the DNA-DNA hybridization is laborious and time-consuming, and it is therefore not interesting to construct databases with this technique. Sometimes, however, it is still the method that needs to be used to obtain a good identification, especially in the case of aberrant results. In previous studies, we reported that 16S-23S rDNA ITS restriction analysis is applicable for species-level identification or classification of strains assigned to the Identification of strains assigned to the genus Asaia Yamada et al. 2000 based on 16S rDNA restriction analysis
Diverse Lottery Tickets Boost Ensemble from a Single Pretrained Model

Ensembling is a popular method used to improve performance as a last resort. However, ensembling multiple models finetuned from a single pretrained model has been not very effective; this could be due to the lack of diversity among ensemble members. This paper proposes Multi-Ticket Ensemble, which finetunes different subnetworks of a single pretrained model and ensembles them. We empirically demonstrated that winning-ticket subnetworks produced more diverse predictions than dense networks and their ensemble outperformed the standard ensemble in some tasks when accurate lottery tickets are found on the tasks.
Measuring Risk Levels and Efficacy of Risk Management Strategies in Vietnamese Catfish Farming

Although the Vietnamese catfish farming has grown at very high rates in recent years, the industry has also faced many problems affecting its sustainability. This paper studies the perceptions of catfish farmers regarding risk and risk management strategies in their production activities. Specifically, the study aims to measure the consequences, likelihoods, and levels of risks as well as the efficacy of risk management in Vietnamese catfish farming. Data for the study were collected through a sample of 261 catfish farmers in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam using a questionnaire survey in 2008. Results show that, in general, price and production risks were perceived as the most important risks. Farm management and technical measures were perceived more effective than other kinds of risk management strategies in risk reduction. Although price risks were rated as important risks, price risk management strategies were not perceived as important measures for risk mitigation. The results of the study are discussed to provide implications for various industry stakeholders, including policy makers, processors, advisors, and developers of new risk management strategies. Keywords—Aquaculture, catfish farming, sources of risk, risk management, risk strategies, risk mitigation.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions to N-Kirchhoff equations with critical exponential growth and a perturbation term

The aim of this article is twofold: firstly, we deal with the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions to the Kirchhoff problem: where Ω is a smooth bounded domain in and . Secondly, we deal with the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions to the Kirchhoff problem: where and . We assume that f and g have critical exponential growth at infinity. To establish our existence results, we use the mountain pass theorem, Ekeland variational principle and Moser–Trudinger inequality.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax as a Late Complication of Mild COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Spontaneous pneumothorax (PTX) is a rare but life-threatening complication of lung injuries sustained from severe COVID-19 infection, most commonly associated with mechanical ventilation. Development of spontaneous PTX in patients after only mild COVID-19 infections not requiring hospitalization is even rarer. Here, we present the case of a 37-year-old male with spontaneous PTX secondary to a mild COVID-19 infection diagnosed one-month prior. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed new air-filled cysts thought to be mediated by the inflammatory response to his acute infection, and his PTX was thought to be secondary to cyst wall rupture due to prolonged coughing. He was successfully treated with a chest tube and supplemental oxygen and, at a two-month follow-up, demonstrated clinical and radiographic improvement.
State parameter governing the mechanical properties of cement-treated clays

Abstract A new state parameter that is capable of characterizing the mechanical properties of cement-treated clays with different mixing proportions, curing time, and stress conditions is developed in this study. The development is conducted by combining the effect of stress level based on the critical state theory with the effective void ratio. Based on the experimental data of cement-treated Bangkok clay performed in this study together with those of cement-treated Singapore marine and Ariake clays reported in previous studies, the analyses reveal that the state parameter is proven to be an efficient parameter for characterizing the mechanical properties of cement-treated clays with different base clays under various mixing proportions and curing times tested under various stress conditions. Furthermore, empirical equations to assist the establishment of the effective void ratio on the critical state locus from the plastic limit value of the base clay are suggested based on regression analyses. The state parameter can thus be computed and the engineers can preliminarily estimate the mechanical properties of cement-treated clay in the planning stage.
Modified digital current controller with reduced impact of transport delays

In this paper, the authors discuss the means for reducing the negative effects of transport delays in digital current controllers. The signal acquisition path introduces delays due to anti-aliasing pre-filters and digital signal processing. The voltage actuators in digital current control systems are the pulse-width modulated (PWM) inverters. They introduce delays caused by the nature of the PWM process and by imperfections in the gating signal chain. A modified digital current controller is devised in this study, enhanced by derivative control action and suited to reduce the effects of transport delays. The controller is aided by a dedicated gain-setting procedure, suited to secure an improved bandwidth and robustness against the parameter changes. Analytical considerations and experimental results demonstrate the benefits of the devised solutions, which improve disturbance rejection and increase the closed-loop bandwidth by 1.46 times. The main results are directly applicable to all stationary frame controllers, and also to PR controllers and d–q frame controllers, as they share the same basic control actions.
Histopathological image classification based on self-supervised vision transformer and weak labels

Whole Slide Image (WSI) analysis is a powerful method to facilitate the diagnosis of cancer in tissue samples. Automating this diagnosis poses various issues, most notably caused by the immense image resolution and limited annotations. WSI’s commonly exhibit resolutions of 100, 000 × 100, 000 pixels. Annotating cancerous areas in WSI’s on the pixel-level is prohibitively labor-intensive and requires a high level of expert knowledge. Multiple instance learning (MIL) alleviates the need for expensive pixel-level annotations. In MIL, learning is performed on slide-level labels, in which a pathologist provides information about whether a slide includes cancerous tissue. Here, we propose Self-ViT-MIL, a novel approach for classifying and localizing cancerous areas based on slide-level annotations, eliminating the need for pixel-wise annotated training data. Self-ViTMIL is pre-trained in a self-supervised setting to learn rich feature representation without relying on any labels. The recent Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture builds the feature extractor of Self-ViT-MIL. For localizing cancerous regions, a MIL aggregator with global attention is utilized. To the best of our knowledge, Self-ViTMIL is the first approach to introduce self-supervised ViT’s in MIL-based WSI analysis tasks. We showcase the effectiveness of our approach on the common Camelyon16 dataset. Self-ViT-MIL surpasses existing stateof-the-art MIL-based approaches in terms of accuracy and area under the curve (AUC). Code is available at https://github.com/gokberkgul/self-learning-transformer-mil
Potential for Sunn Hemp (Crotalaria juncea) to Utilize Soil Potassium

Sunn hemp ( Crotalaria juncea L.) is a tropical leguminous cover crop grown June through August in Florida. In organic production systems, effi cient cycling of nutrients including K is critical to minimizing the high costs of compliant fertilizers. To determine the capacity of sunn hemp K uptake and the influence of K on aboveground biomass production, three rates of K (45, 90, and 180 kg·ha –1 ) as potassium magnesium sulfate (22% K 2 O) were compared to a control of 0 K. Treatments were randomized and replicated three times. Sunn hemp was seeded to 28 kg·ha –1 on 15 May 2008 at Plant Science Research and Education Unit in Citra, FL. Percent K in sunn hemp stem tip tissue (top 15 cm) increased linearly with rate (y = 0.004x + 1.98; r 2 = 0.12) and declined linearly with time (y = –0.44x + 3.57; r 2 = 0.73). Total K in aboveground dry plant tissue increased with increasing K rate (y = 0.005x + 1.92; r 2 = 0.58) at 6 WAP. Potassium accumulation in aboveground tissues at 6 WAP was 68 kg·ha –1 , indicating the potential for some K provision to subsequent crops in short rotations.
Throughput and Tester Utilization Improvement in the Hard Disk Drive Assembly Line using Hybrid Simulation Approach

Manufacturers of high mix and high volume products are forced to focus on strategic capacity planning in their production system to remain competitive. This work is based on a case study in a hard disk drive manufacturing company with the objective of improving the throughput and tester utilization in the testing assembly line. The problem is complex as there were multiple products, each product model undergoing different testing routes and testing duration. This is further complicated by 2 different fixed capacity testers where each tester is mix-loaded with different products. As the scenario is too complex to be solved by analytical methods, a hybrid simulation approach was proposed to find a feasible solution to the problem. The problem was first formulated with a mathematical model to optimize the number of testers with predefined configurations. Each configuration was then simulated to determine the throughput and tester utilization. Finally the TOPSIS and AHP methods were employed to determine the best configuration. The results of the proposed method improved throughput and tester utilization by 6.71% and 26.67%, respectively.
Mediating role of Emotional Intelligence between Transformational Leadership, Employees Task Performance and OCB

The changes in higher education system has created new demands for professional who performs leadership roles and the need for knowledge has also been increased how to deals with the transformed institutions. The current study tries to link the relationship between Transformational Leadership and employees job performance attitudes (Task performance and OCB) with mediating role of emotional intelligence. In this regard data was collected from private and public sector universities in Khyber Paktoonkhwa. Data was analyzed through CFA via AMOS and media tion analysis was performed through Preacher and Hayes statistical procedure. Results reveal that Transformationalleadership has significant association with employee’s task performance and OC Behavior. At the same time emotional intelligence acts as a stronger mediating role in enhancing the relationship between Transformational Leadership and task performance.
Interleukin Receptor Associated Kinase 1 Signaling and Its Association with Cardiovascular Diseases

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) directly interact with intracellular interleukin receptor associated kinase (IRAK) family members to initialize innate immune and inflammatory responses following activation by pathogen-associated or host-derived elements. Although four IRAK family members [IRAK1, 2, 3 (i.e., IRAK-M), and 4] are involved in TLR and IL-1R signaling pathways, IL-1R > IRAK1 signaling appears to be the most studied pathway, with sufficient evidence to support its central role linking the innate immune response to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancers, metabolic disorders, and non-infectious immune disorders. However, IRAK1’s involvement in cardiovascular diseases was only recently revealed and the detailed mechanism underling the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure (all non-infectious disorders), remains largely unknown with very limited publications to date. This review aims to summarize the overall roles of the IRAK family, especially IRAK1, in mediating the development of cardiovascular diseases.
RESULTS OBTAINED FROM SWEET CHERRY BREEDING IN IAŞI, ROMANIA

From 1994 - 2016, the Research Station for Fruit Growing (RSFG) Iași approved 28 cherry cultivars, of which three were early cultivars (Cetăţuia, Cătălina and Amaris), 20 were middle maturation cultivars (Maria, Golia, Ştefan, Bucium, Iaşirom, Tereza, Lucia, Radu, Oana, Alexus, Andreiaş, Ludovan, Cociuvaş, Iosifan, Paulică, Mihailis, Muşatini, Elaiaşi, Amar Maxut, and Amar Galata), and five had late maturation (Andante, Marina, Croma, Margonia, and George). Van, as the most widespread cultivar in Romanian orchards, was used as a control. The sweet cherry cultivars were created through direct hybridisation or free pollination. Maria Cultivar is the first Romanian self-fertile cultivar. The locally approved bitter cherry biotypes are Amar Maxut with black fruit, Amar Galata with double-coloured fruit, and Amaris with dark red fruit. Regarding the tree’s vigour, cultivars Amaris, Tereza, Ştefan, and Golia recorded weak vigour, in comparison with the other cultivars, which had medium vigour. Bitter-tasting cherry cultivars have semi-firm pulp with semi-adherence to the stone, and the fruit weight was under 7 g. All 28 cultivars presented high precocity, productivity, fruit quality, and resistance to frost, drought, and diseases.