Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adoption of soybean products among women in onitsha north local government area of anambra state, Nigeria

The study examined the adoption of soybean products among women in Onitsha North Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Specifically, it described the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents, identified the type of soybean products available in the area, determined the source of information of the soybean products, ascertained the level of adoption of soybean products and identified the major constraints to the adoption of soybean products in the area. Purposive and simple random methods were used to select 50 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and personal interview and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency distribution and mean scores. Findings show that 91.0% of the respondents were within the age range of 30-49 years, while the mean age of the farmers was 45.43 years. Extension agents (90.0%) and friends/relatives (80.0%) were the major source of information. Based on the level of adoption of soybean products, the farmers’ adopted only five soybean products, which included soymilk, soybean cake, soybean oil, soybean nut and soy flour. The major constraints against adoption of soybean product were poor extension service to assist farmers (x=3.7), lack of awareness of the soybean products (x=3.3) and lack of capital (x=3.3). In line with the findings, the study therefore recommends that extension agent needs to re-package and dynamically disseminate information, educate and re-educate farmers on several health benefit of soybean use in order to upgrade farmers’ awareness and subsequently their adoption.
Atypical femur fractures associated with bisphosphonates treatment: Retrospective single-center study

Aim: Osteoporosis is a very common condition caused by an imbalance between bone production and resorption. The first-line treatment of osteoporosis and the most commonly prescribed medication group is bisphosphonates. In recent years, several researches have reported that atypical femur fractures are seen following long term bisphosphonate usage. However, time of usage is not clearly defined yet. Our purpose of this study was to unveil the correlation between long term bisphosphonate usage and atypical femur fractures. Material and Methods: Patients with a history of bisphosphonates treatment with atypical femur fracture were retrospectively analyzed. The collected data included patient demographics, the presence of trauma or history of the fracture, concomitant medical diagnoses, and history of bisphosphonates usage, type of bisphosphonates used, concomitant fractures, and other complications related to atypical femur fractures, mortalities. Results: Twenty-two patients were included. All patients were female, and the mean age was 79.36±8.71 (mean ± SD) years. Sixteen patients were taking alendronate for an average of 6.81±2.74 (mean ± SD) years while six patients were taking ibandronate sustained atypical femur fractures in a shorter time average of 4.66±1.49 (mean ±SD) years. Atypical femur fractures are started to be diagnosed after 3 years of usage with having peak numbers in forth year. Conclusion: Our study supports correlation between long term bisphosphonates usage and atypical femur fractures as reported in several studies. In the use of long-term bisphosphonates more than 3 years, care should be taken for atypical femur fractures, with investigating prodromal symptoms and performing radiological imaging.
EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ADULTS’ DISTANCE LEARNING OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

In the paper the results of the experimental study of the adult distance learning management are suggested. The urgency of the research is based on the tendency towards the aging of population, development of the third age universities network, active implementation of the lifelong learning philosophy, the analysis of recent publications and studies. It is determined that despite the growing popularity of the lifelong learning philosophy, there is a lack of systematic research on the use of ICT for the elderly. In the paper the historical essay on the problems of distance learning for the elderly is offered. The conceptual framework is analyzed. The methodology of the research and features of the target audience selection are described; the specifics of data collection and analysis at different stages of the research are defined. The purpose of the research is determined – to distinguish pedagogical conditions for an effective distance learning introduction into foreign language education of the elderly. The research has been conducted on the basis of the Center for Innovative Education. The emphasis is made on the formation of the target group of participants in the study and their foreign language learning motivation. The stages of data collection and analysis are specified, namely: before the beginning of training, at the stage of the curriculum development, after the start of the first module of the distance learning course, after the completion of the first module of the course, at the end of the course and two months after the course is completed. Detailed results of data analysis for each stage of the research are delivered. The analysis of these data is carried out. The features of the distance course for the elderly and the methodological recommendations on its development are defined. The study has also allowed to confirm the results of the personal and cognitive potential of the elderly and revealed that the ability to learn under certain conditions even increases instead of decreasing. The prospects for further research, adjacent to neurophysiologists’ and neurobiologists’ studies, are suggested. The aforementioned prospects raise the issue of the further scenarios for the use of distance learning platforms for the elderly.
Assessment of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Level in Stored Blood for Transfusion in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria 2 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria * Corresponding Author Chukwu, S. U. Email: sebastine.chukwu1@gmail.com, Phone: +2348039316098 Abstract Blood storage is a logistical necessity to maintain an adequate blood supply. In resource limited setting especially, Nigeria, whole blood storage is still being practiced as only few tertiary centers have facility for blood component preparations. Storage time of blood components has been reported to play a major role in the accumulation of cytokines causing adverse transfusion reactions. Hence, it became necessary to determine the trend of accumulation levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin 6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in order to know the extent to which stored blood could become potentially dangerous to recipients. Using 450ml blood bags, whole blood was collected from 5 donor and aliqnoited respectively into 8 sterile plain vacutainer and stored at 2 0 – 6 0 C. Cytokine estimation was done on day 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 using ELISA development kit. Statistical analysis was done using parametric and nonprametric tests. The mean value of interleukin-4 (IL4) of 38.60±22.68 on day 1 dropped significantly to 7.40±6.98 on day 5. The mean value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) which was 8.24±6.65 on day 1 equally decreased significantly to 4.78±2.75 on day 5. Also, tissue necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) which had a mean value of 10.38±8.30 on day 1 dropped significantly to 5.32±2.90 on day 5. After day 5, there was a gradual build-up but still significantly lower up till day 35, but not exceeding the concentration at day 1 of storage except TNF-α, which at day 35 was significantly higher than the baseline value on day 1 of storage. The trend in the concentration of the interleukins during storage appeared similar except in TNF-α where the concentration dropped on day 5, increased steadily up to day 15 and dropped from day 30 to a value quite significant than the base value. Hence, it became evident that the concentration of IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α were down regulated at the blood bank temperature, and with their sustained levels up to day 30, there seems to be no possible risk for febrile non haemolyic transfusion reactions.
Strategies of image-making and status advancement of translators and interpreters as a marginal occupational group: A research project in progress

Given the relative invisibility of translators and interpreters as an occupation, they are hardly studied as a social group, either in the field of TS or in the sociology of professions. Our research aims to analyze their construction of a sense of an occupational identity and strategies of status improvement, drawing on interviews with six subgroups in the field (literary and non-literary translators, subtitlers, conference, community, court and signed-language interpreters)
Anatomical and Ultrastructural Sex Differences in Mean Diameter and Thickness of Myelinated Axons in Adult Rat Corpus Callosum

Sexual dimorphism exists at all levels of the nervous system. These sex differences could underlie genderrelated differences in behavior and neuropsychological function, as well as the gender differences in the prevalence of various ment l disorders such as autism, attention deficit disorders, and schizophrenia. Myelination, on the other hand, is a unique cellular process that can have a dramatic impact on the structure and physiology of an axon and its surrounding tissue. The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest of the brain commissures, which connects the cerebral cortices of the two hemispheres, and provides interhemispheric co nnectivity for information transfer and processing between cortical regions. Variation in the axonal properties of CC will alter the inter hemispheric connectivity. The CC consists of myelinated and unmyelinated axons, glial cells and blood vessels. Several functional studies h ve reported that the function of CC is associated with its axons density and myelination properties. The se xual dimorphism in the axonal content of the CC has always been controversial; hence, the aim of this study was to analyze the differences in axons’ diameter an myelin sheath thickness of the CC between male and female rats. For this purpose, five pairs of adult male and female rats were p rfused and the CC were removed and sectioned. Four sections from different subregions of the corpus callosum that represent the genu, a terior body, posterior body, and splenium of the CC were stained and electron microscopic images were captured using stereological gui de ines. Later, the axons diameter and myelin sheath thickness for each subregion were calculated and compared between males and females . Our preliminary findings of the present study indicated region specific differences in the myelinated axon thickness and diamet er in the CC between male and female rats.
Prenatal Malnutrition and Its Devastating Consequences on Mental Health Later in Life

Methods: In a case-control study we investigated the “Dutch hunger winter” period from October 1944 to May 1945. 42.292 individuals of native Dutch people were born between 1944 and 1947, 2166 individuals of them were registered with addictive behaviors. The unexposed individuals are born exactly one year after the hunger period. Exposed/unexposed ratios with and without addictive behaviors were analyzed and sex ratios were calculated. All data were quantified as Odds Ratios (ORs).
EFFECT OF COOKING ON IRON AVAILIBILITY IN FORTIFIED HOMEMADE TEMPEH

Iron deficiency anemia is a type of anemia caused by iron deficiency, decreasing in the number of healthy red blood cells. The purpose of this study was to make fortified Fe-EDTA and find out the changes in iron availability after cooking (frying and boiling). The biological availability test for iron was carried out in vitro by simulating human digestion using enzyme pepsin and pancreatin-bile solution. The iron variants added were 0, 0.033, 0.066, 0.099, 0.132, and 0.166 % of EDTA iron on 30 grams of raw soybeans to be homemade tempeh. Test results with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) showed that the highest Fe content of 12.54 mg was obtained by adding 0.166% of EDTA iron to raw tempeh. But after cooking, there is a decrease in fried and boiled tempeh. The results obtained from the addition of 0.166% of iron-EDTA are 7.74 mg for fried tempeh, and 8.40 mg for boiled tempeh. The results of the addition of Fe-EDTA 0.166% for raw tempeh and boiled match to the value of daily Fe intake to reduce iron anemia in the amount of 8-15 mg / day according to Recommendation Dietary Allowance (RDA). The addition of 0.166% of Fe-EDTA fortification on dried tempeh, it still has not match to the recommended level. Received: 13 September 2019; Accepted: 30 December 2019; Published: 12 January 2020
Assessment of Esophageal Dysmotility Disorder by High Resolution Manometry in Systemic Sclerosis: Association with Clinical Features

Results: From all 150 SSc patients who were included in the study, forty-nine (46%) had dcSSc subset of disease with mean age (SD) 47.0 (12.1) years. According to the 3rd version of the Chicago classification, 135 (90%) patients had ineffective peristalsis [weak peristalsis in 24 (16.0%) and failed peristalsis in 111 (74.0%) of patients]. Hypotensive Esophagogastric junction pressure (hEGJP) presented in 47 (31.3%) patients. Two (1.3%) patients had achalasia in HRM. Age, gender, and duration of disease were not different in the above two groups of patients. In multivariate model FVC%, [OR (CI95%): 1.055(1.025-1.086), p<0.001] showed significant association with failed peristalsis.Comparison between average rank of FVC% in peristalsis status groups showed significant difference between average rank of FVC% in patients with failed peristalsis and weak peristalsis p=0.001, and average rank of FVC% in those with failed peristalsis and normal peristalsis p=0.020.
Effects of Climate Temperature and Water Stress on Plant Growth and Accumulation of Antioxidant Compounds in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leafy Vegetable

The effects of climate temperature and water stress on growth and several stress markers were investigated in sweet basil plants. Some growth parameters (shoot length and number of leaves) and photosynthetic chlorophyll contents were determined every two days during plant growth, and foliage leaf material was collected after 15 and 21 days of treatment. Both climate temperature and water stress inhibited sweet basil plant growth; especially, total chlorophyll levels were decreased significantly in response to high-temperature treatments. Under strong stresses, basil plants induced the synthesis and accumulation of glycine betaine (GB) as a secondary osmolyte, although at less content when compared with the proline content under the same stress conditions. Proline concentrations particularly increased in leaves of both basil stressed plants, accomplishing levels high enough to play a crucial role in cellular osmoregulation adjustment. Stress-induced accumulation of these antioxidant compounds was detected in sweet basil. Therefore, it appears that sweet basil-treated plants are able to synthesize antioxidant compounds under strong stress conditions. On the other hand, total sugar concentrations decreased in stress-treated basil plants. Both temperature and water stress treatments caused oxidative stress in the treated plants, as indicated by a significant increment in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. An increase in total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations in response to water stress and a highly significant decrease in carotenoid concentrations in basil leaves were observed; flavonoids also increased under high climate temperature conditions.
Effect of Taping on Pain, Grip Strength, and Function in Deskbound Workers with Lateral Epicondylalgia

Background and objectives: Lateral Epicondylalgia (LE) affects 1% to 3% of the adult population, peak incidence between the age 45 years and 54 years. Intensive use of a mouse device, and keyboard, are the main risk factors for LE in computer workers. Diamond taping technique has been shown to reduce pain and improve grip strength in LE up to 30 minutes post-taping. To date, no documented evidence exists on outcomes after 30 minutes post-taping in deskbound workers. Therefore we aim to find out the outcomes after taping in deskbound workers with LE and if the effects last up to 8 hours, which is the usual working hour per day for deskbound workers.
The Impact of the Perceived Service Quality on Revisit Intention in the Tourism Industry: A Conceptual Framework of Strategic Approach and Analysis

Service quality (SQ) is of strategic importance in the hospitality sector from both company’s and customers’ viewpoint. Hence, it is crucial for every organization’s function and survival in such a competitive era. As proven in the literature, competitive advantage apart of being an indicator of a firm’s successful performance, it is an indicator of a firm’s profitability. Through a review in literature there are five hypotheses formed accordingly to the five dimensions of service quality that affect guest retention. The study’s objectives are 1) to identify the dominant guest-defined characteristic of service quality 2) to examine its strategic impact on revisit intention and 3) to identify whether any differences occur between Greek and European guests in the way they perceive service quality. The aim is to provide strategic insights regarding the perceptions of service quality among Greek and European guests, as well as to clarify if there are any differences in the way their perceptions are formed in order to contribute to the literature with regard to the Greek hospitality sector. Questionnaires, based on the SERVQUAL model will be used, in order to collect data from guests that have previously visited a 4 or 5 star hotel. Upon collection, the data will be analyzed with the use of the SPSS program. This paper follows the standards of similar surveys in the industry focused on the measurement of Service Quality. Though, little attempt can be spotted in regards to service quality in 4 and 5 star hotel sector in Greece and give practical directions for strategic design and implementation of services.
Transmission of Anaplasma marginale by unfed Rhipicephalus microplus tick larvae under experimental conditions

The current description of biological transmission of Anaplasma marginale by Rhipicephalus microplus ticks, includes both intrastadial and transstadial transmission. Both transovarial transmission of Anaplasma from engorged ticks to their progeny and, transmission from infected unfed larvae to the mammalian host are is controversial. In order to demonstrate vertical transmission of A. marginale by R. microplus ticks under experimental conditions, feed-acquisition infected engorged females were incubated at 18° C or 28° C for oviposition. Larvae hatched from these ticks were used to infest two steers for each incubation temperature. None of the four steers infested with either lot of larvae developed clinical disease, yet subclinical infection was observed in the steers infested with larvae from engorged ticks incubated at 28°. DNA from larvae used for the infection of the carrier tick donor, Only DNA from larvae oviposited at 28 oC, DNA from blood of positive steers were positive for amplification of msp5 and msp1α variable region by PCR. All other DNA samples from the original stabilate, blood from the donor steer, larvae from ticks incubated at 28° C and steers infested with these same larvae were positive both to msp5 and msp1α PCR. msp1α sequences of all PCR products were the same and coincided with previously reported Tlapacoyan-2 sequence. The present evidence indicates that R. microplus is capable of transmitting A. marginale to its progeny and that these infected larvae can transmit the infection to susceptible hosts.
CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE STATUS OF SMALL CETACEAN POPULATIONS IN THE BLACK SEA

A fishery using guns and nets for the m n i m o n dolphin. Delphinus delphis, Azov dolphin. Phocoenu phocoenu, and bottlenose dolphin. Tursiops truncu/us. in the Black and Azov Seas has been pursued since about 1870 from the USSR, Turkey, Bulgaria and Romania. Steadily declining annual Soviet harvests since the maximum Soviet catch of 135 000-140 O(N) animals in 1938. despite an increased catching effort. led to seasonal management restrictions by the USSR in 1962, and ;I complete closure of the fishery in the USSR. Romania and Bulgaria in 1967. The final annual Soviet catches of 5 600-7 400 animals reported for 1964-66 represent a major collapse of the fishery and were accompanied by apparent marked changes in the age and sex composition of the harvest and a change in the species composition from the historically predominant D. delphis to predominantly P. phoroenu. The fishery continues in Turkey with recent reported annual catches approaching thc 1938 Soviet maximum; the loss rate is estimated to be high because of the use of guns as thc harvesting method. Limited catch statistics are available since J927. except for Romania, and are generally reported only for all species combined in total metric weight Analysis indicates that the exploitation ratc was probably excessive at the height of the fishery in 1936 (12.5-20.0 R ) and may remain so today for the Turkish fishery (7.9-100.8 %). Annual Soviet aerial surveys initiated since the 1967 moratorium provide questionable estimates of total population size of Black Sea porpoises. Problems with these estimates and probably also with kill estimafes preclude definite understanding of the present state of the population and indicate the need to refine both these statistics. Present observations are confined to recognition that the numbers of porpoise in the Black Sea have declined substantially to marginal levels due to the direct fishery; the present Turkish fishery is important, particularly 3 s i t continues now when stocks are probably reduced.
Effect of Different Surface Treatment Modalities on Surface Roughness and Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Molar Tubes to Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

Objectives; This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment modalities on surface roughness(SR) and shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic molar tubes to lithium disilicate (IPS e-max CAD/CAM, Ivoclar Vivadent) ceramic and human enamel using different adhesives.Materials and methods: A total of 150 e-max specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=30) according to the method of surface treatment used. In group I (control group): no surface treatment, group II: sandblasting with 50 μm Al2O3 slurry particles, group III: etching with hydrofluoric acid 9.6%, group IV: etching with hydrofluoric acid 4.5% and group V: etching with phosphoric acid 37%. Further random distribution of e-max specimens into subgroups was performed according to the type of adhesive used (One coat 7, G-Premio Bond and Ortho solo). The surface roughness was investigated using digital profilometer and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Microstructural analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SBS was measured using universal testing machine. Results were statistically analyzed.Results: Results showed that the sandblasting group had significantly highest surface roughness, while the lowest value was recorded in the Phosphoric acid 37% group. Furthermore, sandblasted group showed the highest SBS, while control group showed the lowest SBS. Strong positive correlation was found between the surface roughness of lithium disilicate and shear bond strength. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found between different adhesive agents use.Conclusions: Shear bond strength was highly affected by the surface roughness which subsequently controlled by the surface treatment modalities and not by the adhesives types. Hydrofluoric acid 4.5% and phosphoric acid 37% are recommended techniques for reliable bond strength between metal tubes and lithium disilicate ceramic.