Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Nitrogen of on Growth, Yield and Economics of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.)

The results of field experiment conducted atAgricultural Research Institute,ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during rainy (kharif) season of 2005 and 2006 revealed that recommended dose of N (RDN) through fertilizer application (90 kg N ha−1) recorded significantly higher number of cobs plant−1, cobs ha−1, baby corn green ear yield, stover yield and nutrient uptake over combined application of 75% N through fertilizer + 25% N through Neem cake, 50% of N through fertilizer + 50% of N through Neem cake. However, the number of days taken to first harvest and harvest duration (First harvest to final harvest) were not influenced by N management practices. Higher net returns ( 30767 ha−1) and B:C ratio (2.3) were obtained with recommended dose of N application. Out of all the cultivars tested VL-78 recorded significantly higher baby corns plant−1 (2.92), more green ear weight (23.3 g), harvest duration (25.2 days), baby corn yield (5511 kg ha−1), N and K uptake, also net returns ( 36693 ha−1) and B:C ratio (2.5). Significantly higher net returns were obtained by cultivar VL-78 with combined application of 75% N through fertilizer + 25% N through Neem cake.
Mobile poultry processing units: a safe and cost-effective poultry processing option for the small-scale farmer in the United States

In developed countries, small farmer entrepreneurs contemplating poultry production are becoming more interested in assessing mobile poultry processing units (MPPU) to add additional value to the birds they sell in urban or farmers' markets. However, there continues to be a lack of viable poultry processing options for small flocks as evidenced by the recent United States Department of Agriculture map, which depicts the locations of both small farms and processing facilities, county by county, across the United States. This map substantiates the need for more affordable poultry processing options to serve small-scale farmers. Many small-scale farmers operate MPPUs under federal exemptions that exclude them from continuous inspections by the USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service, but they are still required to meet all sanitation and wholesomeness requirements. Costs associated with processing are somewhat less under this exemption, but one is unable to sell poultry as having been inspected in the open market. The USDA-FSIS has also created a mobile slaughter unit compliance guide for those who wish to be USDA regulated. Either way, regulated or unregulated, the MPPU may be an affordable and efficient solution to add value to small flock production. Small-scale poultry farmers, both organic and pastured, may benefit from the opportunities associated with mobile processing.
Content Word Aware Neural Machine Translation

Neural machine translation (NMT) encodes the source sentence in a universal way to generate the target sentence word-by-word. However, NMT does not consider the importance of word in the sentence meaning, for example, some words (i.e., content words) express more important meaning than others (i.e., function words). To address this limitation, we first utilize word frequency information to distinguish between content and function words in a sentence, and then design a content word-aware NMT to improve translation performance. Empirical results on the WMT14 English-to-German, WMT14 English-to-French, and WMT17 Chinese-to-English translation tasks show that the proposed methods can significantly improve the performance of Transformer-based NMT.
Echocardiographic Characterization of Female Professional Basketball Players in the US.

Importance There is a paucity of data detailing cardiac remodeling in female athletes compared with male athletes. The lack of reference cardiac data for elite female basketball players or female athletes of similar size makes it difficult to differentiate athletic remodeling from potential underlying cardiac disorders in this population of athletes. Objective To assess cardiac structure and function in elite female basketball players. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional echocardiographic study included 140 Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) athletes on active rosters for the 2017 season. The WNBA mandates annual preseason stress echocardiograms for each athlete. The WNBA has partnered with Columbia University to annually perform a review of these studies. Data analysis was performed from June 7, 2017, to October 5, 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures Echocardiographic variables included left ventricular (LV) dimensions, wall thickness, mass, prevalence of LV hypertrophy, aortic dimensions, right ventricular (RV) dimension, and right and left atrial size. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between cardiac structure and function with body size quantified as body surface area (BSA) in the primary analysis. Results A total of 140 female athletes (mean [SD] age, 26.8 [3.9] years; 105 [75.0%] African American) participated in the study. Mean (SD) athlete height was 183.4 (9.0) cm, and mean (SD) BSA was 2.02 (0.18) m2. Compared with guideline-defined normal values, LV enlargement was present in 36 athletes (26.0%) and 57 athletes (42.2%) had RV enlargement. There was a linear correlation between LV and RV cavity sizes and BSA extending to the uppermost biometrics (LV cavity size: r, 0.48; RV cavity size: r, 0.32; P < .001 for both). Maximal left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) ranged from 0.6 to 1.4 cm, with 78 athletes (55.7%) having LVWT of 1.0 cm or greater and only 1 athlete (0.7%) having LVWT greater than 1.3 cm. Twenty-three athletes (16.4%) met the criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (>95 g/m2). Eccentric LVH was present in 16 athletes (69.6%), concentric LVH in 7 athletes (30.4%), and concentric remodeling in 27 athletes (19.3%). Mean aortic root diameter was 3.1 cm (95% CI, 3.0-3.2). Only 2 athletes (1.4%) had guideline-defined aortic enlargement compared with a range of 18% to 42% for left and right ventricular and atrial enlargement. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, increased cardiac dimensions were frequently observed in WNBA athletes. Both BSA and physiologic remodeling affected cardiac morphologic findings. This study may provide a framework to define the range of athletic cardiac remodeling exhibited by elite female basketball players.
Intraosseous transfusion of hemoglobin vesicles in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock with collapsed vessels in a rabbit model

Intravenous transfusion sometimes encounters difficulty under prehospital conditions when peripheral vessels are collapsed and inaccessible. We investigated whether the cellular type hemoglobin‐based oxygen carriers (Hemoglobin Vesicles: HbVs) allow intraosseous administration into blood circulation for the resuscitation of rabbits with severe hemorrhagic shock.
Structure and function of hindlimb feathers in Archaeopteryx lithographica

Abstract This study examines the morphology and function of hindlimb plumage in Archaeopteryx lithographica. Feathers cover the legs of the Berlin specimen, extending from the cranial surface of the tibia and the caudal margins of both tibia and femur. These feathers exhibit features of flight feathers rather than contour feathers, including vane asymmetry, curved shafts, and a self-stabilizing overlap pattern. Many of these features facilitate lift generation in the wings and tail of birds, suggesting that the hindlimbs acted as airfoils. A new reconstruction of Archaeopteryx is presented, in which the hindlimbs form approximately 12% of total airfoil area. Depending upon their orientation, the hindlimbs could have reduced stall speed by up to 6% and turning radius by up to 12%. Presence of the “four-winged” planform in both Archaeopteryx and basal Dromaeosauridae indicates that their common ancestor used fore- and hindlimbs to generate lift. This finding suggests that arboreal parachuting and gliding preceded the evolution of avian flight.
Human Leukocyte Transcriptional Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

It is necessary to elucidate why in the present coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) global pandemic infection by SARS-CoV-2 affects children, adults, and elderly people differently. Epidemiological and clinical data have shown that most children who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 are either asymptomatic or develop mild symptoms (-). Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain these findings: differences in the immune system of adults and children (and between very young children, pre-schooling children, and adolescents); competition with other respiratory viruses in the [. ]
Nifedipine Exacerbates Lipogenesis in the Kidney via KIM-1, CD36, and SREBP Upregulation: Implications from an Animal Model for Human Study

Dysregulation of fatty acid oxidation and accumulation of fatty acids can cause kidney injury. Nifedipine modulates lipogenesis-related transcriptional factor SREBP-1/2 in proximal tubular cells by inhibiting the Adenosine 5‘-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in vitro. However, the mechanisms by which nifedipine (NF) modulates lipotoxicity in vivo are unclear. Here, we examined the effect of NF in a doxorubicin (DR)-induced kidney injury rat model. Twenty-four Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control, DR, DR+NF, and high-fat diet (HFD) groups. The DR, DR+NF, and HFD groups showed hypertension and proteinuria. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis showed that NF significantly induced TNF-α, CD36, SREBP-1/2, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase expression and renal fibrosis, and reduced fatty acid synthase and AMPK compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, 18 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who received renal transplants were enrolled to examine their graft fibrosis and lipid contents via transient elastography. Low-density lipoprotein levels in patients with CKD strongly correlated with lipid contents and fibrosis in grafted kidneys (p < 0.05). Thus, NF may initiate lipogenesis through the SREBP-1/2/AMPK pathway and lipid uptake by CD36 upregulation and aggravate renal fibrosis in vivo. Higher low-density lipoprotein levels may correlate with renal fibrosis and lipid accumulation in grafted kidneys of patients with CKD.
Journey of a single cell to a plantlet via in vitro cloning mature trees of conifers

During cloning of mature conifers, isolated somatic cells from apical meristematic tissue under any external stress conidions of cold\heat or chemical are induced to form a somatic embryo. This review paper highlights the difference between embryogenesis patterns in angiosperms and gymnosperms and updates information on the current progress made in the cloning of mature trees of conifers. Insights gained through these systems has already lead to the development of cloning methodologies that could aid in reprogramming apical meristematic cells of recalcitrant mature conifers for clonal forestry.
CROP ROTATION FOR MANAGING NEMATODE PESTS AND IMPROVING SOIL HEALTH IN SUGARCANE CROPPING SYSTEMS

Populations of free-living nematodes (FLN) increased and plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) decreased at Tully, Ingham, Burdekin, Mackay and Bundaberg when a grass/legume pasture or legume crop was grown for 30–42 months before planting sugarcane. At other sites, shorter rotations also had significant effects on nematode communities. In north Queensland, a single soybean crop increased pre-plant populations of FLN and reduced populations of pest species such as Pratylenchus zeae by 44–89% compared to similar fields that had grown sugarcane. In a replicated experiment at Bundaberg, a soybean/peanut rotation increased numbers of FLN and reduced populations of two plant parasites (P. zeae and Rotylenchulus parvus) by 75% and 93% respectively. When sugarcane was planted following a legume, the ratio of FLN to PPN was generally greater than 20, whereas this ratio was often less than 2 in a plough-out/replant situation. It is possible that this change in the balance between beneficial and pest nematodes partly explains the improved early shoot growth and increased cane yields that are consistently obtained when sugarcane is planted following a legume. FLN are beneficial because they enhance nutrient cycling by grazing on soil microorganisms. They also help maintain populations of the predators that feed on nematodes. In contrast, PPN have a negative impact on sugarcane growth because they destroy fine roots, limit root elongation and debilitate root systems.
Basal metabolic regulatory responses and rhythmic activity of mammalian heart to aqueous kola nut extracts

Preliminary investigation on the effect of aqueous extracts of three species of kola nut; Cola acuminata (P. Beav), C. nitida subsp. rubra and C. nitida subsp. alba (Vent), on the rhythmic activity of mammalian heart and metabolic rate was carried out using male albino rats, Rattus sp. Low concentrations of kola nut extract stimulated the heart by increasing rate and force of contraction as well as metabolic rate. Higher concentrations reduced rate and amplitude of beat resulting, at still higher concentrations in heart failure. Keywords: Kolanut, extract, basal metabolic rate, mammalian heart
Population genetics of drifting (Calanus spp.) and resident (Acartia clausi) plankton in Norwegian fjords

Kaartvedt distinguished between drifting and resident plankton and hypothesized that the latter were distinguished by their ability to maintain their horizontal position in desired habitats (Kaartvedt, 1993). In this study, we examined the population genetic consequences of these two life- styles for copepods in four fjords of western Norway (Lurefjorden, Masfjorden, Sognefjorden and Sorfjorden) and one fjord in eastern Norway (Oslofjorden). Based on DNA sequence variation of a region of mitochondrial 16S rRNA, we contrasted population genetic diversity and structure in drifting populations of Calanus spp. with that of resident populations of Acartia clausi. With the exception of Sorfjorden (where Calanus spp. were rare), two or three species of Calanus co-occurred in significantly different proportions in the fjords. Based on a 350 base-pair region of mitochondrial 16S rRNA, Calanus spp. varied in molecular genetic diversity, with the highest values for C.helgolandicus. There was no evidence of significant genetic structure of fjord populations for either C.finmarchicus or C.helgolandicus; the population structure of C.glacialis could not be evaluated as the species was only abundant in Lurefjorden. Acartia clausi was abundant in all five fjords sampled for this study. Molecular genetic diversity of A.clausi, based on a 220 bp region of mt 16S rRNA, was within the range of Calanus spp. values. Populations of A.clausi showed significant genetic structure (i.e. haplotype frequencies differed markedly) among the fjords. The results of this study indicated that little exchange (gene flow) occurs between populations of A.clausi in different fjords, and suggested that the populations are long- term residents of a fjord. In contrast, most Calanus spp. fjord populations may be replaced periodi- cally, as they drift with currents flowing to and from coastal and fjord environments.
feologit: A new command for fitting fixed-effects ordered logit models

In this article, we describe how to fit panel-data ordered logit models with fixed effects using the new community-contributed command feologit. Fixed-effects models are increasingly popular for estimating causal effects in the social sciences because they flexibly control for unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity. The ordered logit model is the standard model for ordered dependent variables, and this command is the first in Stata specifically for this model with fixed effects. The command includes a choice between two estimators, the blowup and cluster (BUC) estimator introduced in Baetschmann, Staub, and Winkelmann (2015, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A 178: 685–703) and the BUC-τ estimator in Baetschmann (2012, Economics Letters 115: 416–418). Baetschmann, Staub, and Winkelmann (2015) showed that the BUC estimator has good properties and is almost as efficient as more complex estimators such as generalized method-of-moments and empirical likelihood estimators. The command and model interpretations are illustrated with an analysis of the effect of parenthood on life satisfaction using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel.
Genetic divergence for yield contributing traits and protein content in faba bean (Vicia faba L.).

Genetic divergence measured by Mahalanobis D2 statistic was studied for days to flower, plant height, branches/plant, pods/plant, pod length, grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index, and protein content in 40 indigenous and exotic strains of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). The strains were grouped into 12 different clusters. The clustering pattern of the strains usually did not exhibit geographical distribution. Pods/plant and 100-seed weight showed important divergence.
Effect of Gluten-Free Diet on Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten/Wheat Sensitivity

Celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCG/WS) are the two most frequent conditions belonging to gluten-related disorders (GRDs). Both these diseases are triggered and worsened by gluten proteins ingestion, although other components, such as amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATI) and fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), seem to be involved in the NCG/WS onset. Therefore, the only effective treatment to date is the long-life adherence to a strictly gluten-free diet. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the intestinal barrier, a dynamic system comprising various components, which regulate the delicate crosstalk between metabolic, motor, neuroendocrine and immunological functions. Among the elements characterizing the intestinal barrier, the microbiota plays a key role, modulating the gut integrity maintenance, the immune response and the inflammation process, linked to the CD and NCG/WS outbreak. This narrative review addresses the most recent findings on the gut microbiota modulation induced by the gluten-free diet (GFD) in healthy, CD and NCG/WS patients.
CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION OF TAILORED HYBRID BLANKS

Unlike mechanical joining processes such as clinching or riveting the challenges in connecting steel and aluminum by the conventional welding method are, on one hand, the different physical characteristics such as density, melting temperature, electrical conductivity and thermal expansion. On the other hand due to high heat input, a thick and brittle intermetallic phase seam (IMP) develops in the welded seam. This strongly distinctive phase seam reduces the formability of the welding line and limits the realization in a technical application. Besides through several well known welding tests a new welding technique called Cold Metal Transfer welding (CMT) was introduced by Fronius (Wels, Austria) which lead to an IMP seam of a few micrometers. The main aim of this study is to determine the characterization of the CMT weld and to prove the feasibility to form an aluminum steel hybrid plate into demonstrator components. Results indicate that joining and forming of the aluminum-steel joints with a thickness of 0.8 mm-1.2 mm and 1.75mm-3.0 mm in a butt-joint configuration is possible. Furthermore formability tests revealed additional difficulties in the forming of steel combined with a nonhardenable aluminum.
S(+)-(2E)-N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)-3-Phenylprop-2-Enamide (KM-568): A Novel Cinnamamide Derivative with Anticonvulsant Activity in Animal Models of Seizures and Epilepsy

Epilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological disorders affecting about 1% of the world’s human population. Despite availability of multiple treatment options including antiseizure drugs, it is estimated that about 30% of seizures still remain resistant to pharmacotherapy. Searching for new antiseizure and antiepileptic agents constitutes an important issue within modern medicinal chemistry. Cinnamamide derivatives were identified in preclinical as well as clinical studies as important drug candidates for the treatment of epilepsy. The cinnamamide derivative presented here: S(+)-(2E)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide (S(+)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)cinnamamide, compound KM-568) showed anticonvulsant activity in several models of epilepsy and seizures in mice and rats. It was active in a genetic animal model of epilepsy (Frings audiogenic seizure-susceptible mouse model, ED50 = 13.21 mg/kg, i.p.), acute seizures induced electrically (maximal electroshock test ED50 = 44.46 mg/kg mice i.p., ED50 = 86.6 mg/kg mice p.o., ED50 = 27.58 mg/kg rats i.p., ED50 = 30.81 mg/kg rats p.o., 6-Hz psychomotor seizure model 32 mA ED50 = 71.55 mg/kg mice i.p., 44 mA ED50 = 114.4 mg/kg mice i.p.), chronic seizures induced electrically (corneal kindled mouse model ED50 = 79.17 mg/kg i.p., hippocampal kindled rat model ED50 = 24.21 mg/kg i.p., lamotrigine-resistant amygdala kindled seizure model in rats ED50 = 58.59 mg/kg i.p.), acute seizures induced chemically (subcutaneous metrazol seizure threshold test ED50 = 104.29 mg/kg mice i.p., ED50 = 107.27 mg/kg mice p.o., ED50 = 41.72 mg/kg rats i.p., seizures induced by picrotoxin in mice ED50 = 94.11 mg/kg i.p.) and the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model in rats (ED50 = 279.45 mg/kg i.p., ED97 = 498.2 mg/kg i.p.). The chemical structure of the compound including configuration of the chiral center was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, LC/MS spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and crystallography. Compound KM-568 was identified as a moderately stable derivative in an in vitro mouse liver microsome system. According to the Ames microplate format mutagenicity assay performed, KM-568 was not a base substitution or frameshift mutagen. Cytotoxicity evaluation in two cell lines (HepG2 and H9c2) proved the safety of the compound in concentrations up to 100 µM. Based on the results of anticonvulsant activity and safety profile, S(+)-(2E)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide could be proposed as a new lead compound for further preclinical studies on novel treatment options for epilepsy.