Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How behavioral homophily on social media influences the perception of tie-strengthening within young adults’ personal networks

This study examines how social media and information-sharing behavior can influence young adults’ perceptions of changes in tie strength within their own personal networks. By focusing on the extended personal networks (27.56 relationships) of young adults, we show that social media leads them to feel closer to their “friends” whom they think of as exhibiting online behaviors similar to their own. This behavioral homophily mainly stems from frequent reactions between friends, when they like or comment upon each other’s posts. Such homophily is also related to the sharing of political news and entertaining content, which constitute a salient affordance in the “pervasive awareness” of social media and lead users to feel closer to those exhibiting similar content-sharing behavior. This similarity reveals how social media platforms help to shape personal networks over time, particularly by influencing user relationships with weak ties who share similar online behavior.
Tackling Investment Risks Using Equity Options During Extreme Economic Upheavals: Indian Evidence

The study is an empirical scrutiny on the Indian equity options market to examine whether it facilitates the reduction of investment risks, focusing on an economic sphere with financial upheavals. The risk mitigation ability is examined with respect to the integration of near-month call and put options markets having different levels of exercisability with the equity market in the National Stock Exchange of India. The optimal size of options contracts required for establishing a hedge portfolio that minimises the risk exposure to a maximum possible magnitude and the level of gains resulting from such hedges are identified following the minimum variance approach, using Diagonal BEKK GARCH. The results indicate that ATM, ITM, and DITM call options and ATM, OTM, DOTM, and DITM put options provide effective risk reduction that can be efficiently utilised by the existing as well as prospective investors in the equity market.
A Multidimensional Practice-Based Framework of Interactive Value Formation

This study seeks to deconstruct the multidimensionality of the Interactive Value Formation (IVF) process within complex and prolonged Technology-Based Self-Services (TBSSs). Building on practice theory and Service Dominant logic, this framework sheds light on the complexity of practice-based resource integration processes within the IVF process. The findings demonstrate firstly, how IVF can result in both value co-creation and co-destruction and secondly, how these outcomes are influenced by the enactment of practices within the service experience. Finally, this study demonstrates the mediating role of consumer intensity as a function of consumer effort and time during this enactment. The suggested framework emphasizes the role of engagement, as intersecting between resource-based practices and outcomes, and the nested nature of the IVF process. In doing so, the relationship between the multiple outcomes of engagement and variations in loyalty are revealed. The study has implications for service managers responsible for user experience of complex and prolonged TBSSs. Directions for future research can focus on further deconstructing the multi-dimensionality of the IVF process.
Engagement in a virtual learning environment predicts academic achievement in research methods modules: A longitudinal study combining behavioral and self-reported data.

The use of virtual learning environments (VLE) has grown exponentially in the past years. Research indicates that students’ online learning behaviour predicts their academic performance, and that students’ academic emotions can play a key role in this process. However, few studies have attempted to investigate the effectiveness of VLE activities in learning achievement within psychology education. In this longitudinal study, we analysed the relationship between students’ activity in a VLE, their attendance, academic emotions and module grades at a face-to face based university in the United Kingdom. Data were collected over one year across two research methods modules, each of which is compulsory for a psychology degree. VLE and attendance data from 210 students were gathered for the first-year module, with 152 students continuing to the second year. The data were cross-referenced with students’ module grades, alongside self-reported emotion data for a subset of students. The results showed that overall VLE activity and the use of specific online tools such as optional online tests and lecture recording were important predictors of academic achievement. Whilst some significant relationships between emotions and students learning behaviour and achievement were found, these correlations were relatively small and not consistent throughout the year. These findings have potential implications for curriculum design, particularly by making psychology educators aware of the usefulness of VLE activities and tools from the onset of students’ research methods learning journey.
Clarifying the mediating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to examine ethical climate as a mediator iin the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying. An online questionnaire was answered by 223 Portuguese employees, who had worked for at least 6 consecutive months at the same organization. Results support the mediating role of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and bullying at work, suggesting that ethical leaders can contribute to the minimization of bullying through their impact on ethical climate and employees’ behavior. Drawing on the social learning theory and the social information processing theory, this study clarifies the mediating role of ethical climate.
The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Lisinopril Mitigates Memory and Motor Deficits in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) has been reported to reduce symptoms of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Yet, the protective role of ACEis against AD symptoms is still controversial. Here, we aimed at determining whether oral treatment with the ACEi lisinopril has beneficial effects on cognitive and physical functions in a Drosophila melanogaster model of AD that overexpresses the human amyloid precursor protein and the human β-site APP-cleaving enzyme in neurons. We found a significant impairment in learning and memory as well as in climbing ability in young AD flies compared to control flies. After evaluation of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, we also found that AD flies displayed a >30-fold increase in the levels of the neurotoxic 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) in their heads. Furthermore, compared to control flies, AD flies had significantly higher levels of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide in their muscle-enriched thoraces. Lisinopril significantly improved deficits in learning and memory and climbing ability in AD flies. The positive impact of lisinopril on physical function might be, in part, explained by a significant reduction in ROS levels in the thoraces of the lisinopril-fed AD flies. However, lisinopril did not affect the levels of 3-HK. In conclusion, our findings provide novel and relevant insights into the therapeutic potential of ACEis in a preclinical AD model.
Determination of chemical structure, mechanical properties and combustion resistance of polyurethane doped with boric acid

The low fire resistance property of pristine polyurethane (PU) restricts its areas of usage in domestic applications and especially in the furniture industry. Therefore, PU based materials should be non-flammable besides having favorable mechanical and chemical properties. In this study, boric acid (BA) was added to the polyurethane foam as fire retardant. The effect of amount of BA (5%, 10%, and 15% (w/w)) on fire retardancy was examined. The thermal properties and the surface morphology of the structures were investigated. The amount of BA affected surface morphology. It was observed that BA affects the density and compressive strength in three directions with the physical change it causes in the cell structure. In the X-ray diffraction analysis of the unmodified hard polyurethane and the hard polyurethanes containing BA at different amounts (5%, 10%, and 15% (w/w)), the peaks were observed to appear in three different groups. The thermal stability of the rigid PU treated with BA was investigated via thermogravimetric analysis and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) analysis. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) was measured via a system consisting of two anechoic boxes and receiving and transmitting antennas. Four different temperature zones were observed when examining the thermal behavior via differential scanning calorimetry. Single source flame test, UL94 test and cone calorimeter tests were performed to determine the ignition property of BA doped PU. It was determined that BA is a better fire retardant than other chemicals also for the low toxicity of the combustion products formed.
Religious Moderation-Based Islamic Education Model by Nahdlatul Ulama at Islamic Boarding Schools in Lampung Province

Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has made a substantial contribution to Islamic education, especially in the world of Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding schools have a significant influence in creating intelligent and great young generations. The focus of this study is to analyze the implementation and the results of Islamic education based on religious moderation in Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province. The Islamic boarding schools that served as objects of study are Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province that have implemented religious moderation, namely the Ushuluddin Islamic Boarding School in South Lampung, Al-Hikmah Islamic Boarding School Bandar Lampung, Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School Pesawaran, and Raudhatu Sholihin Islamic Boarding School Central Lampung. This study applied the field research design with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study results show that Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province have implemented Islamic education based on religious moderation. Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province have similarities in terms of application, namely Tawasuth (taking the middle way) and Tsamuh (tolerance). They also integrate the general curriculum and religious curriculum by studying the Kitab Kuning (Kitab Turath), yasinan, Tabligh Akbar, room placement based on ethnic background, and Bahtsul Masail activities. As a result, the students have a strong base of thought and character by openly responding to differences and thinking.
Sourcing Pandemic News: A Cross-National Computational Analysis of Mainstream Media Coverage of COVID-19 on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram

Abstract This article explores the uses of sources in coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in social media posts of mainstream news organizations in Brazil, Chile, Germany, Mexico, Spain, the U.K., and the U.S. Based on computational content analysis, our study analyzes the sources and actors present in more than 940,000 posts on COVID-19 published in the 227 Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter accounts of 78 sampled news outlets between January 1 and December 31 of 2020, comparing their relative importance across countries, across media platforms, and across time as the pandemic evolved in each country. The analysis shows the dominance of political sources across countries and platforms, particularly in Latin America, demonstrating a strong role of the state in constructing pandemic news and suggesting that mainstream news organizations' social media posts maintain a strong elite orientation. Health sources were also prominent — consistent with the defining role of biomedical authority in health coverage—, while significant diversity of sources, including citizen sources, emerged as the pandemic went on. Our results also revealed that the use of specific sources significantly varied over time. These variations tend to go hand in hand with specific global milestones of the pandemic.
Changes in the Intelligence Levels and Structure in Russia: An ANOVA Method Based on Discretization and Grouping of Factors

In the present paper, we investigate how the general intelligence quotient (IQ) and its subtests changed for students from Russian University from 1991 to 2013. This study of the effect of such factors as gender, department, and year on the IQ response is carried out using the ANOVA model. Given the unevenness of the initial sample by years and departments, and consequently, heterogeneity of variances when divided by the original natural categories, we decided to aggregate the values of explanatory variables to build an adequate model. The paper proposes and investigates an algorithm for joint discretization and grouping, which uses the procedure of partial screening of solutions. It is an intermediate option between the greedy algorithm and exhaustive search. As a goodness function (an optimality criterion), we investigate 26 intermediate options between the AIC and BIC criteria. The BIC turned out to be the most informative and the most acceptable criterion for interpretation, which penalizes the complexity of the model, due to some decrease in accuracy. The resulting partition of the explanatory variables values into categories is used to interpret the modeling results and to arrive at the final conclusions of the data analysis. As a result, it is revealed that the observed features of the IQ dynamics are caused by changes in the education system and the socio-economic status of the family that occurred in Russia during the period of restructuring the society and intensive development of information technologies.
Widespread misperception about a major East Asian biogeographic boundary exposed through bibliographic survey and biogeographic meta‐analysis

The Watase line, a major biogeographic boundary between Palearctic and Oriental realms in East Asia, is generally drawn between Akuseki and Kodakara Islands of the Northern Ryukyu archipelago, Japan. However, no evidence can be found to support the positioning of the boundary between these two tiny volcanic islands. This study aimed to confirm whether and where the biogeographical boundary should be drawn.
Effects of cold storage on the developmental biology of Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) at different larval stages

Being able to store insects at low temperature is important in the mass breeding of insects for commercial purposes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cold storage on pupal and adult weight, adult emergence time and proportion and adult deformation proportion of different weight Tenebrio molitor L. , 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae. This study was conducted between 2018-2019 in the Biology Laboratory of Science Teaching Department, Sinop University. Trials were performed at 27 ± 2 and 4ºC, 65 ± 5% RH and continuous darkness. After the larvae began to form, they were weighed and divided into three groups according to their weight. They were exposed to 4ºC for 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 d in separate Petri dishes. With increased cold storage time, the proportion of deformation increased and the proportion of adult emergence decreased. Adult weight, pupal weight and longevity depended on both larval weight and cold exposure time. In conclusion, it is recommended that mass producers or researchers pay attention to the size of the larvae and the cold exposure times to obtain the best quality product and high production efficiency.
Discovery Learning Approach for Elementary School Student (A Case study in Elementary School PE Subject)

— This study aims to develop learning tools based on Discovery Learning model and test the feasibility of these development products in learning Physical education, Sports and Health on the small ball game material for high-grade students at the elementary school level. This study uses teh research and development method based on the model development by Borg & Gall. Based on the results of data analysis carried out, the product feasibilty level in the small group trial was 75% and the large group trial was 78%. In the application of product development tools in the field, the highest syntax application activity is in the problem statement section with a percentage level of 33% in small group trials and 71% in large group trials. Based on these result, it can be concluding that the product development of learning tools based on the discovery learning model on small ball game material in elementary schools id suitable for use in the learning process at school.
What is Known About Students and Sleep: Systematic Review and Evidence Map

Higher education students are considered to belong to a population susceptible to poor sleep health; however, there is a lack of broader evidence reviews. This systematic review aims to map out and categorize the existing literature related to higher education students and sleep. The present evidence map is based on a comprehensive systematic literature search of ten electronic databases, which resulted in 15,286 unique citations. After title/abstract, and full-text screening: 515 studies were included in the final map. Most of the studies were cross-sectional (n = 357, 69%), while 77 (15%) studies assessed the effectiveness of an intervention. Sixty-eight (13%) studies followed a cohort prospectively over time, and 8 (2%) studies utilized a qualitative design. The most frequent outcome was the proportion of sleep problems, which was reported in 226 (44%) studies. Weekday sleep duration was reported in 156 (30%) studies. Results from this mapping process suggest that evidence about students` sleep health is emerging; however, the evidence base is mostly quantitative and descriptive, and there is a lack of sleep health programs designed for students.
Essential Oil Yield and Composition of Native Tree Species from Atlantic Forest, South of Brazil

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the essential oil yield and composition of fresh and dried samples of native tree species in the Atlantic Forest of Parana State, South of Brazil. The essential oil extraction was carried out by hydrodistillation in a graduate Clevenger type apparatus and the chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The species show a wide variation in the essential oil yield (0.07 to 1.84%) and in the most species it was not affected by the drying process. The Ocotea odorifera and Ocotea catharinensis species show a higher percentage of monoterpenes, while the species Casearia decandra, Nectandra grandiflora, Lithraea molleoides, Schinus terebenthifolius, Cinnamodendron dinisii, Aloysia gratissima and Drymis angustifolia show higher percentage of sesquiterpenes. Essential oil samples of Casearia sylvestris showed only sesquiterpenes.
Developing and Evaluating the Persian Edition of the Cognitive - Behavioural Assessment in Isfahan Steel Users

Background: Workers are at risk of working memory and poor retrieval of information. The index of general abilities and knowledge of people at work is influenced by working memory and processing speed. The Cognitive Skills Index (CPI) lays out the conditions for calculating effective retrieval of data from working memory and processing of speed tasks. Objective: The present study aimed to develop a valid and psychometrically evaluated questionnaire for the assessment of the industrial work environment. Method: To assess internal consistency and repeatability, the questionnaire was applied to 1000 employees at Isfahan Steel Industries, and reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Result: The final questionnaire is composed by 27 items with a high value of validity and reliability, and the resulting tool is a standard tool that can be applied in the work field by researchers, psychologists and health professionals to assess the cognitive effects in the workers’ mental health. More than half of steel employees are worse than their age in social abilities, although their ability to publicly think is comparatively low. Conclusion: The CPI can be helpful in quantifying the analytical capacity of a worker if adequate facilities are sufficient for relative cognitive weaknesses.
Measuring Fault Zone and Host Rock Hydraulic Properties Using Tidal Responses

Pore pressure diffusion along faults influences induced seismicity and rupture mechanics. In situ hydraulic diffusivity measurements along faults are rare and generally lower than inferred from seismicity migration. Here we use the tidal response of deep geothermal boreholes to measure fault diffusivity and permeability. Initial interpretations of the observation with a homogeneous confined aquifer model result in diffusivities of 10−3–10−1 m2/s. However, this model mixes signals from both the conduit and the host rock. We develop a model for tidal response with a fault passing through the aquifer based on the fault‐guided fracture network and solve for hydraulic properties in both the fault and the host rock. The resulting fault permeability is 2 × 10−14–7 × 10−14 m2 (90% confidence interval[CI]) and fault diffusivity is 0.08–0.33 m2/s (90% CI), which is 2 orders of magnitude higher than the host rock diffusivity in some wells, thus highlighting the role of faults as fluid conduits.
Colour and gender: language nuances

It is a deeply rooted belief that women possess a richer colour vocabulary than men (Rich, 1977). According to Lakoff, certain adjectives denoting colour (e.g. mauve) would never be naturally chosen by men unless they were «imitating a woman sarcastically, or a homosexual, or an interior decorator» (1973, p. 49). Are these affirmations adjusted to our present reality? Nowadays, colour is present in almost every economic sector. Consequently, a proficient use of colour vocabulary is expected from professionals, regardless of their gender. Hence, if the differences in colour vocabulary are learnt and highly dependent on the user’s necessities and expectations, then said differences after globalisation and exposure to the Internet should not be so striking. With this objective in mind, this study analyses colour elicitation performed by university students. Both their descriptive capacity and colour lexicon availability are measured depending on students’ colour terms usage. Furthermore, potential reasons for variation are provided.