Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical mastitis from calving to next conception negatively affected reproductive performance of dairy cows in Nanning, China

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of clinical mastitis between calving and next conception on reproductive performance in Chinese Holstein cows. Six hundred and three multiparous Holstein cows from a commercial dairy farm were divided into three groups respectively: cows with first clinical mastitis before first artificial insemination (AI) (MG1; n = 113), cows with first clinical mastitis between first AI and pregnancy diagnosis (MG2; n = 36) and cows without any clinical disease (CG; n = 454). Clinical cases of mastitis were identified at every milking by the trained milkers or the herd manager based on abnormal milk or signs of inflammation of the mammary gland. Number of days from calving to first AI and days from calving to conception, number of AI per conception, and the conception rate at first AI were evaluated in each group. The number of days to first AI was significantly greater for cows in MG1 than MG2 and CG (P 0.05), but they were all greater than cows in CG (P 0.05), however, conception rate for those groups were both lower than for CG (P < 0.01). In conclusion, clinical mastitis during early lactation markedly and negatively influenced reproductive performance of dairy cows. Therefore, reduction of clinical mastitis in early lactation should also improve reproductive performance of dairy cows. Further study is needed to better understand the mechanisms of how clinical mastitis affects reproductive performance in dairy cows which could lead to better strategies to avoid such negative effects.
Lipid and protein deterioration during the chilled storage of minced sea salmon (Pseudopercis semifasciata)

Sea salmon is a very appreciated seafood. The aim of this work was to analyze changes in lipid and protein fractions of minced muscle during chilled storage (1 ± 1 °C). Lipid oxidation was important during the first 6 days of storage according to 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values determined, decreasing mainly ω3 22:6 fatty acid content. Lipid hydrolysis was evident after 9 days of storage. Interaction compounds between oxidation products and other cellular components were analyzed by fluorescence measurements. The results obtained showed evidence of the formation of interaction products involved, mainly polar components such as proteins. Decreases in myosin and actin thermal stability and myosin denaturation were recorded by differential scanning calorimetry. Solubility of total and myofibrillar proteins decreased after 6 days of storage. The electrophoretic profile of soluble fractions showed an increase in the intensity of bands corresponding to low-molecular-weight polypeptides and a decrease in high-molecular-weight species. Available lysine content did not change during chilled storage. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WELL WATER SAMPLES FROM SOME VILLAGES IN NIGERIA WITH CASES OF STAINED AND MOTTLE TEETH

Well water samples were collected from Dass, Kaltungo and Langtang North Local Government Areas and drinking water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, chlorides, total hardness, phosphates, sulphates, nitrates, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity and fluorides were determined using standard techniques. The results showed the mean and standard deviation values of temperature ranged between 27.80 ± 0.45 to 28.80 ± 0.48oC, pH; 7.74 ± 0.13 to 7.80, conductivity; 30.20± 0. 56µs/cm to 38.80±0. 40µs/cm, turbidity; 3.60±3.50 to 13.50± 1.09 NTU, TDS; 166.40± 5.50 to 184.08± 1.47mg/L, Alkalinity; 78.40± 1.10 to 150.40±2.30mg/L, Total Hardness; 137.8±11.20 to 336.8±15.2mg/L, Sulphate; 8.04±0.09 to 24.00±0.84mg/L, Phosphate; 0.14±0.02 to 0.86±0.55mg/L, Nitrate; 9.78±0.84 to 24.42±0.15mg/L, Fluoride; 1.72±0.11 to 2.08±0.11mg/L, Chloride; 18.40±3.21 to 82.10± 6.52mg/L. All the parameters analysed are within the specification levels for drinking water, except turbidity, nitrates and fluorides which gave higher values. The well water samples may be good for consumption but will require purification and fluoride treatment to avert the problems of stained and mottled teeth experienced by the local consumers in those areas.
Status of the Imperiled Frecklebelly Madtom, Noturus munitus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae): A Review of Data from Field Surveys, Museum Records, and the Literature

Abstract Noturus munitus (Frecklebelly Madtom), is a diminutive catfish restricted to large rivers in the Mobile Basin and Pearl River drainages in the southeastern United States. We conducted surveys of 13 major tributaries of the Alabama, Cahaba, and Tombigbee river systems in the Mobile Basin to determine use of tributaries by N. munitus. Our surveys found only one specimen in Oakmulgee Creek, a large tributary to the Cahaba River and one of the few rivers in which stable populations of N. munitus remain. We combine results from our recent survey with a review of the literature and museum records for N. munitus throughout its range to present a consolidated status report. Our review indicates that N. munitus is currently greatly reduced from its former range, and is in decline in most of the drainages it still inhabits. We recommend federal protection for the species under the Endangered Species Act. We also provide suggestions for future research and management actions for the species.
Reactivity of corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or irradiation with visible light in vitro

INTRODUCTION. Visible light and inflammation caused by bacterial endotoxins strongly influence direct cell interactions and modulate the expression of selected factors, such as nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The aim of the study is to establish whether exposition of corneal or conjunctival epithelial cells to visible light and/ or LPS may change their viability, direct cellular interactions and expression of NO and COX-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In vitro cultured human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells were used in the study. The following assays were performed: Neutral Red (NR) uptake, nitric oxide (NO) quantification by the Griess method, cytoskeletal F-actin organization by fluorescent staining, and COX-2 expression by immunofluorescence. RESULTS. LPS reduced the viability of the cells, especially conjunctival epithelial cells. All cell stimulation variants tested (visible light and/or LPS treatment) led to decreased nitric oxide (NO) production both by corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. No changes in cytoskeletal F-actin filaments were observed after the cells had been treated with light or the endotoxin. LPS slightly increased COX-2 expression, but light had no, or a slightly reducing, effect on the level of this enzyme. CONCLUSIONS. Visible light and/or bacterial endotoxin (LPS) may, depending on the local microenvironmental conditions, cooperate or interfere with each other’s activity in inducing ocular surface inflammation.
Effects of embryo induction media and pretreatments in isolated microspore culture of hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Falat)

Isolated microspores of many plants can be induced in vitro to switch their developmental process from the gametophytic to a sporophytic pathway under appropriate conditions and produce haploid plants. This research reports the effects of cold pretreatment with or without either mannitol or chemical + heat and also the effects of 5 embryo induction media (NPB-99, C17, W14, CHB-2 and P2) on embryo production, percentage of total and green plant regeneration in isolated microspore culture of an Iranian spring bread wheat, cultivar ‘Falat’. The results showed that combination of 21 days cold (4°C) with mannitol (0.3 M) produced the highest number of embryos/spike while the combination of cold with chemical + heat produced the lowest number. In the case of total and green plant regeneration, "7 days cold + mannitol" was more superior than other pretreatments. NPB-99, W14 and C17 media produced the highest number of embryos/spike, while CHB-2 medium appeared to be a better medium for green plant regeneration.
Macropropagation of Erythrina americana in a greenhouse: a potential tool for seasonally dry tropical forest restoration

Deforestation in Mexico has made restoration an urgent requirement. Erythrina americana is a multipurpose tree, useful for seasonally dry tropical forest restoration; however, it is poorly studied. Macropropagation of this species is advantageous when compared with sexual reproduction, since it requires scarification to germinate. In this study, the effects of the exogenous application of the phytohormone (indole-3-butyric acid) in the cuttings and/or a slow-release phosphate fertilizer (SRPF) in the substrate were evaluated on the growth and survival of E. americana cuttings in a greenhouse. We used a randomized experimental design of four blocks with 10 cuttings per treatment. We harvested 10 cuttings per treatment after 36, 66, 96 and 126 days of growth, and evaluated survival, total dry biomass production (TDB), relative growth rate (RGR), and resource allocation (RA). Cutting survival was high, averaging 95 %. Treatments did not affect total TDB, RGR or RA. However, the application of SRPF in the substrate showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) dry root biomass values. Growth periods also affect the RGR and RA. Macropropagation of E. americana was successful and non-labor-intensive, making this technique a feasible alternative for restoration projects mainly in low-resource rural communities.
The Effect of Preoperative Administration of Duloxetine on Postoperative Pain After Laparoscopic Myomectomy

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative administration of duloxetine on postoperative pain after laparoscopic myomectomy. In this double-blind clinical trial study, 57 patients aged 18-55 years with ASA I or II undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy involved. The case group received oral duloxetine 60 mg, and the control group received placebo 2 hours before the surgery. Pain scores, total analgesic consumption during 24 hours, recovery discharging time, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and hemodynamic changes were recorded and compared between two groups. The pain severity was significantly lower in the case group at 2, 12, and 24 hours after the operation (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in dizziness, nausea, vomiting, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate of patients between two groups before the surgery, 5 and 30 minutes after the induction, and after the recovery. Duloxetine administration prior to laparoscopic surgery myomectomy can reduce postoperative pain without inducing side effects in patients. © 2020 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2020;58(3):121-125.
Differences in performance with changing mental workload as the basis for an IMPRINT plug-in proposal

Mental workload is the amount of mental effort necessary to perform a task or set of tasks and is an important factor for predicting performance. The research described here included four experiments each of which investigated a different task type with an independent variable of the number of tasks performed at once. The four experiments acted as follow-up experiments to those described in Cassenti, Kelley, and Carlson (2010) with changes in the time available to respond (TAR) to each task. The findings suggest that a modeling system should predict fewer errors with more TAR, less effortful tasks, and fewer tasks. Together, these experiments illuminate a way forward to constructing performance-prediction algorithms based on number of tasks, task types, and TAR. We propose that based on these results and others a plug-in could be added to a human performance modeling system such as the IMproved Performance Research INtegration Tool (IMPRINT) to estimate performance given the number, type, and TAR of tasks. An example of how algorithms that populate this plug-in may be implemented is illustrated and equations for a host of task types are provided.
Changes in the abundance and distribution of the New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) in Western Australia: are they approaching carrying capacity?

Abstract. New Zealand fur seals have been increasing in abundance across Australia over the past 20 years, with annual population growth rates of 10–15%. Recent changes in distribution in Western Australia suggested that the population was increasing and expanding in range beyond the known historical distribution. We aimed to determine the growth rate of individual colonies and the overall population across Western Australia and identify new breeding and haulout sites. We used the direct count technique to estimate New Zealand fur seal pup production at 17 breeding sites. We estimated pup production to be 3518 in the 2010/11 austral summer, producing a resultant population estimate of ∼17 200 New Zealand fur seals in Western Australia. This represented an exponential growth rate over the past 12 years of ∼1% per annum, a significant reduction from the estimated rate of 10% per annum between 1989 and 1999. There were clusters of colonies that showed large annual declines of 6–7% in pup production over the past 12 years and at other colonies maximal rates of increase of pup production were 6–9% per annum. Three new breeding colonies were discovered. It appears that the New Zealand fur seal population is nearing its carrying capacity in Western Australia.
Response of common barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) physiological parameters to agricultural practices and meteorological conditions.

Little is known about the response of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) physiological parameters to stand density, on which barley productivity depends. The aim was to establish the contrasts of physiological parameters between the different varieties and different stand densities under field conditions and the interaction between physiological parameters and meteorological factors of Lithuania (East Europe). The test involved three barley varieties and three stand densities. The measurements were made three times during the growing season. Varietal and stand density effect on photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and instantaneous water use efficiency was more strongly expressed in wet conditions compared with dry conditions. The spring barley varieties differed in the tolerance of meteorological factors throughout the growing season. The photosynthetic process was more intensive for the variety ‘Barke’ in dry and for ‘Gustav’ in wet weather conditions conditions. A medium density of 400 plants m -2 was the optimum. With the change in stand density, physiological parameters tended to decrease in most of the tested cases. The interaction of meteorological factors influenced the mean of photosynthetic rate across stand densities by 52.1, 67.1 and 73.6 % and the mean of transpiration rate by 63.3, 61.1 and 72.0 % for ‘Aura DS’, ‘Barke’ and ‘Gustav’, respectively.
Pengaruh Desain Atmosfer Toko Terhadap Perilaku Belanja Studi Atas Pengaruh Gender Terhadap Respon Pengunjung Toko

The design of store atmosphere shall function as kind of stimuli that will attract the visitor to decide which store to choose. Further, it is aimed to evoke the desire of customers to purchase and create transaction. Thus, it can directly afect the shopping behaviour of both men and women. This study will learn about how the atmospheric stimuli can afect the behaviour of visitor, both men and women. The study is divided into two stages: the frst stage, exploratory research design; the second stage, path analysis. The exploration or identifcation attributes is done through interview according to the attributes of atmospheric stimuli (Turley and Milliman). While the endogenous variable in this case are the organism (visitor) and respond (of visitor). Atmospheric stimuli factors, in the other hand shall function as exogenous variables. While the result of the study conducted to 107 respondents of men and women shows that store exterior, interior lay out and human variables are siginifcant to the variable of cn sumber respons. Store exterior, store interior have such a siginifcant efect on the organism (the emotional intensity of male visitor). Organism variable has an efect on the responds of male visitors, while store interior variable only afect siginifcantly on the organism of female visitor (the emotional intensity of female visitors).
Individual Applications of Turkish Lactating Women to Increase the their Breastmilk Production

Breastmilk is known to be the oldest food given to infants after birth. In cases when breastmilk is inadequate, mothers resort to a variety of practices to increase breastmilk supply. The sample of the study consisted of 323 breastfeeding mothers who had 0-6-month old babies and presented to Family Health Centers (FHC) in Yozgat. The data were collected by the questionnaire form. In this study, it was determined that the participants consumed plenty of liquids and breastfed their babies frequently to comply with the recommendations to increase their breastmilk production. They also resorted to the following cultural practices: eating nutritious foods such as grape molasses, figs, bulgur wheat pilaf, sweet, carob, legumes, walnuts, onions and compote, kaynar or herb teas. In the study, it was determined that, women resorted to various cultural feeding practices in addition to recommended practices to increase breastmilk production.
Agronomic adaptation to environmental challenges in the genus Leucaena

Growth of 25 accessions of Leucaena was assessed in 61 'environments' at 19 sites over a 2.5-year period to identify agronomic adaptation to environmental challenges. From analysis of variance, accessions, 'environments' and accession x environment interaction accounted for 14% 48% and 26% of the variation respectively. The large environment component of variance reflected the diversity of test environments, from non-limiting to severely limiting. Genotype x environment analysis techniques were used to identify broad and specific adaptation to environmental limitations. The FI hybrid accession L. pallida K748 x L. leucocephala K636 was comparatively very high yielding in all environments, and displayed excellent broad adaptation. Other accessions which displayed broad adaptation but at lower yield levels included L. pallida CQ3439 and L. pallida K376 x L. leucocephala K8 F5 hybrid. L. trichandra OFI 53/88 displayed specific adaptation to low temperatures in highland tropical environments. No accessions were specifically adapted to strongly acid-infertile soils or to low rainfall. Correlations between dry matter production and six environmental variables attempted to identify the major factors limiting growth of the Leucaena genus. Highly significant correlations were found for soil acidity, minimum temperature and psyllid pressure, and of these soil acidity most affected growth.
Unexplained anemia in the elderly – a real life analysis of 981 patients

Introduction We aimed to analyze the prevalence of unexplained anemia (UA) and assess its characteristics, potential causes and impact on survival in an elderly population. Material and methods Medical files of 981 patients aged ≥ 60 years consulted in one primary medical clinic in Poland in 2013–2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Anemia, defined according to WHO criteria, diagnosed during either hospitalization or outpatient treatment, from the age of 60, was included. Unexplained anemia was diagnosed if, based on available clinical data and laboratory tests and other assessments in medical records, none of the well-known types of anemia were identified. Results Of 981 patients with anemia, UA was found in 48 (28.4%) patients (4.9% of those studied) and incidence increased with age (≥ 80 years, 12.3%). In 81.3% no full hematological diagnostics were performed. Patients with UA, as with those with defined anemia, when compared to the group without anemia were older, had more co-morbidities, were more frequently hospitalized, more frequently had dementia syndrome and obtained lower Barthel scores (p < 0.0001). In the groups of patients with UA and defined anemia, there were more deaths than in those without anemia (10% vs. 13% vs. 2%, p < 0.0001) with significant differences in survival rates observed during 3-year follow-up. Conclusions The increasing incidence with age of UA in the elderly population, insufficient diagnosis and the higher mortality of patients with UA in comparison to the group without anemia indicate the need to develop recommendations for its management by primary care physicians.
Changes in organoleptic and biochemical characteristics of mango fruits treated with calcium chloride in hot water

PurposeIn Bangladesh,mango fruit supply is limited in the local market as well as for export due to its short self-life and susceptibility to post-harvest diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CaCl2 in hot water on organoleptic and biochemical characteristics of mango fruits for extension of shelf-life. Research Method:Mangoes were treated with different concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 %) of CaCl2 in hot water (50°C) for 10 min and kept at 25±2°C over 12 days. Each treatment included 20 mangoes with three replications. The physiological changes were observed and biochemical characteristics of mango fruits were analyzed.FindingsBetter skin color and aroma were observed at 0.5~4.0% CaCl2 and no fungal infection was found at 3~5% CaCl2 as compared with untreated control whereas taste and texture of mangoes increased significantly with the increasing concentration of CaCl2. The shelf life of treated mangoes increased 2~3 days with increasing concentration of 4~5% CaCl2 but slight skin shriveling and weight loss were observed. Higher concentration of CaCl2 treated fruits maintained higher values of moisture, ash, titratable acidity, vitamin-C, reducing sugar, starch, invertase activity whereas total soluble solid, total sugar, non-reducing sugar, total phenol, amylase, polyphenoloxidase activity decreased significantly. Limitations: In future, mechanism of CaCl2 in hot water for extending shelf life of mangoes will be elucidated using molecular approach. Originality/Value:The treatment of 4% CaCl2 in hot water could be used to extend the shelf life of mangoes up to 2~3 days with consumer acceptance.
Niveles de autoconcepto, autoeficacia académica y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Temuco

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el nivel de autoconcepto, autoeficacia academica y bienestar psicologico de universitarios chilenos. Se revisan baremos de tres escalas en 691 sujetos. Los hombres presentan mayor nivel de Autoconcepto Emocional y Fisico. A mayor edad mejoran los niveles de Autoconcepto Academico, Emocional, Familiar y Fisico.En area disciplinar los estudiantes de salud presentan mejor Autoconcepto Academico, los de educacion presentan mejor Autoconcepto Social y los del area psicosocial mayor nivel Emocional y Familiar. En Autoeficacia Academica no existe diferencia entre hombres y mujeres. En Bienestar Psicologico los hombres presentan mayor autonomia y las mujeres mayor dominio del entorno. Los estudiantes de Salud presentan los mejores niveles en las dimensiones evaluadas.The objective of this study was to study the level of self-concept, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of Chilean university students. We reviewed measures of three scales among 691 subjects. Men were found to have higher levels of emotional and physical self-concept. The older ones had higher standards of academic, emotional, familial and physical self-concept.Students in health sciences had better academic self-concept; those in the field of education enjoyed better social selfconcept, and those from psychology demonstrated the highest emotional and family levels. In academic self-efficacy there was no difference between men and women. In psychological well-being, men had greater autonomy and women had greater control of the environment. Students of health sciences area had the highest levels of the evaluated dimensions.