Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods for vertebrate limb pattern formation

by Jianfeng Zhu Major outstanding questions regarding vertebrate limb development are how the numbers of skeletal elements along the proximodistal (P-D) and anteroposterior (A-P) axes are determined and how the shape of a growing limb affects skeletal element formation. A mechanism based on local autoregulation of a molecular activator of cell aggregation coupled to a laterally acting inhibitor (a LALI system), is consistent with in vivo and in vitro experimental results and provides qualitative interpretations of several genetic anomalies affecting limb development. Nonlinear reaction-diffusion systems are often employed in mathematical modeling to study the activator-inhibitor subnetwork in developmental biology. These systems are usually highly stiff in both diffusion and reaction terms and are typically considered on multidimensional complex geometrical domains because of complex shapes of embryos. Using an empirically based mathematical representation of such reaction-diffusion mechanism and combining discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element methods with Strang type symmetrical operator splitting technique that permits simulation of LALI systems in domains of varying shape and size, we show that major aspects of the limb pattern, including those of aberrant and evolutionary transitional forms, emerge in a robust fashion from the inherJianfeng Zhu ent self-organizing properties of a core skeletal patterning mechanism in different geometric settings, without a requirement for positional information.
Exploring the Scientific Impact of Information Systems Design Science Research

While design science research has established its position as a prominent field of research in the IS community, there is a lack of transparency regarding the impact of recent information systems design science research (IS DSR) papers. This lack of insight arguably poses challenges to an informed discourse and limits our ability to communicate the progress that IS DSR has achieved. Therefore, after mapping impactful IS DSR papers, we develop a scientometric study to address the lack of insights into factors that affect the scientific impact of IS DSR papers in top IS journals. In this study, we focus on active, IS-specific DSR areas and consider papers published in the AIS Senior Scholars’ basket of journals between 2004 and 2014. Specifically, we develop a model that explores factors that affect IS DSR papers’ scientific impact. Our findings show that theorization and novelty significantly explain scientific impact. We discuss our work’s implications and derive recommendations intended to shape future knowledge creation in IS DSR.
Non-commercial Research and Educational Use including without Limitation Use in Instruction at Your Institution, Sending It to Specific Colleagues That You Know, and Providing a Copy to Your Institution's Administrator. All Other Uses, Reproduction and Distribution, including without Limitation Comm

As a branch of engineering cybernetics, automatic control theory has been extensively applied to improve products, increase productivity and rationalize management. This paper adapts the principles of automatic control theory to the field of software process improvement. In particular, the work described uses control theory to define a requirement engineering (RE) process control system, its dynamic and steady-state performance, and the steps in designing, analyzing and improving such a system. The work has highlighted the need for process activities relating to measuring elements, including those in feedback compensation and organizational support. The results of this research can be used to guide the establishment and improvement of RE processes, compare different requirement process solutions quantitatively, develop methods for evaluating benefits from process improvements, and structure the application of knowledge about RE.
Text Entry for Mobile Computing: Models and Methods,Theory and Practice

Text input for mobile or handheld devices is a flourishing research area. This article begins with a brief history of the emergence and impact of mobile computers and mobile communications devices. Key factors in conducting sound evaluations of new technologies for mobile text entry are presented, including methodology and experiment design. Important factors to consider are identified and elaborated, such as focus of attention, text creation versus text copy tasks, novice versus expert performance, quantitative versus qualitative measures, and the speed-accuracy trade-off. An exciting area within mobile text entry is the combined use of Fitts' law and a language corpus to model, and subsequently optimize, a text entry technique. The model is described, along with examples for a variety of soft keyboards as well as the telephone keypad. A survey of mobile text entry techniques, both in research papers and in commercial products, is presented.
A Convex Analysis-Based Minimum-Volume Enclosing Simplex Algorithm for Hyperspectral Unmixing

Hyperspectral unmixing aims at identifying the hidden spectral signatures (or endmembers) and their corresponding proportions (or abundances) from an observed hyperspectral scene. Many existing hyperspectral unmixing algorithms were developed under a commonly used assumption that pure pixels exist. However, the pure-pixel assumption may be seriously violated for highly mixed data. Based on intuitive grounds, Craig reported an unmixing criterion without requiring the pure-pixel assumption, which estimates the endmembers by vertices of a minimum-volume simplex enclosing all the observed pixels. In this paper, we incorporate convex analysis and Craig's criterion to develop a minimum-volume enclosing simplex (MVES) formulation for hyperspectral unmixing. A cyclic minimization algorithm for approximating the MVES problem is developed using linear programs (LPs), which can be practically implemented by readily available LP solvers. We also provide a non-heuristic guarantee of our MVES problem formulation, where the existence of pure pixels is proved to be a sufficient condition for MVES to perfectly identify the true endmembers. Some Monte Carlo simulations and real data experiments are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed MVES algorithm over several existing hyperspectral unmixing methods.
AIS Electronic

Wireless technology has advanced significantly in recent years and has shown great potential and promise for use in education. To better understand the use of wireless technology in education, this research adopted a grounded theory approach to explore how students use wireless technology to support and facilitate their learning. We collected data by interviewing students regarding their experience and opinions of using wireless technology for education. The data were analyzed following the procedures of grounded theory: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. By analyzing transcripts from the interviews, concepts and categories were segmented, and linkages between categories were identified. A substantive model depicting students’ use of mobile technology to support learning was then developed, which shows the causal conditions, context conditions, actions/interactions, and consequences. Based on the model, propositions were presented and discussed. The results of this research not only help to develop a theoretical foundation for future research, but also serve as guidelines for educators and administrators in designing and formulating specific strategies for introducing wireless technology in educational settings.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research

We present a stacked regression ensemble method that optimally combines di � erent mortality models to reduce the mean squared errors of mortality rate forecasts and mitigate model selection risk. Stacked regression uses a supervised machine learning algorithm to approximate the horizon-speciﬁc weights by minimizing the cross-validation criterion for each forecasting horizon. The horizon-speciﬁc weights facilitate the development of a mortality model combination customized to each horizon. Unlike other model combination methods, stacked regression simultaneously solves model selection and estimates model combinations to improve model forecasts. Our numerical illustrations based on 44 populations from the Human Mortality Database demonstrate that stacking mortality models increases predictive accuracy. Using one-year-ahead to 15-year-ahead out-of-sample mean squared errors, we ﬁnd that stacked regression improves mortality forecast accuracy by 13% - 49% and 19% - 90% over the individual mortality models for males and females, respectively. Therefore, combining the mortality rate forecasts provides lower out-of-sample point forecast errors than selecting the single best individual mortality method. Stacked regression ensemble also achieves better predictive accuracy than other model combination methods, namely Simple Model Averaging, Bayesian Model Averaging, and Model Conﬁdence Set. Our results support the stacked regression ensemble approach over individual mortality models and other model combination methods in forecasting mortality rates. We also provide a user-friendly open-source R package, CoMoMo , that combines multiple mortality rate forecasts using di � erent model combination techniques.
BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Hoax news in Indonesia spread at an alarming rate. To reduce this, hoax news detection system needs to be created and put into practice. Such a system may use readers’ feedback and Naïve Bayes algorithm, which is used to verify news. Overtime, by using readers’ feedback, database corpus will continue to grow and could improve system performance. The current research aims to reach this. System performance evaluation is carried out under two conditions ‒ with and without sources (URL). The system is able to detect hoax news very well under both conditions. The highest precision, recall and f-measure values when including URL are 0.91, 1, and 0.95 respectively. Meanwhile, the highest value of precision, recall and f-measure without URL are 0.88, 1 and 0.94, respectively.
Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication: performance criterion and code construct

Winding sections are assembled coaxially with one of the winding sections being of the encapsulated type. The encapsulated winding section is cast in a mold having depressions thereon which form projections on the surfaces of the encapsulated winding section. The projections separate adjacent winding sections from the encapsulated winding section and form spaces therebetween which permit the flow of cooling dielectric.
The interactions between maturity type and pre-feedlot plane of nutrition on the growth and performance of steers.

The growth of tissues (bone, muscle and fat), along their natural growth curve, is controlled by a complex array of interactions. Growth gradients exist between the tissues and the body as a whole, bone being earlier maturing than muscle, and muscle being earlier maturing than fat. Growth waves within each tissue express its rate of deposition within hi each area of the body. Differences between maturity types with respect to tissue growth, is that the earlier maturing animal is further along its normal growth curve. Comparison between maturity types must therefore be performed at an equal physiological age. Restriction of nutrients to the growing animal results in an alteration of the body composition. The most affected tissue being the tissue with the highest growth impetus at the time. Severe restriction (loss of liveweight), can result in the tissues following a reverse order of their deposition. Re-alimentation results in tissue growth at a rate superior to animals of an equal chronological age. Those tissues that were most restricted in their growth, are the ones that show the most compensation. A trial was carried out, to examine, the question of animals of differing pre-feedlot planes of nutrition, and maturity type, performances within the feedlot at an equal physiological age. Four treatments were used comprising earlier maturing fat and thin animals and later maturing fat and thin animals. Earlier maturing comprised Hereford and Sussex breeds, while later maturing comprised Charolias and Simmentaler breeds. The pre-feedlot planes of nutrition were imposed for 103 days, with the fat animals gaining at 0.40 kg per day and the thin animals at 0.10 kg per day. Both treatment groups lost condition but started the feedlot period significantly different with respect to liveweight and condition. Physiological age was to be determined, by the weight of the animals body protein, as a proportion of the maturity types, mature body protein weight. The urea dilution technique was used to determine the body composition of the treatments at any one point of time. Due to complications with the application of the technique, the body
The Future of Farming in Rural Amenity Landscapes

15 Chapter 1 – Introduction . 17 The research issue . 17 Research Questions and Methodology . 21 The Case Study – Indigo Shire . 23 Thesis Overview . 26 Chapter 2 – Understanding rural amenity landscapes, farming and planning . 29 Introduction . 29 2.1 Rural amenity landscapes: evolution and impacts . 30 Population movement creating rural amenity landscapes . 31 The countryside ‘ideal’ or rural ‘idyll’ . 35 Characteristics of amenity landscapes as drawcards for migration . 38 Theoretical frameworks for rural landscape change . 41 Productivist agricultural landscapes . 42 Post-productivist agricultural landscapes . 42 Multifunctional agricultural landscapes . 43 A ‘working landscape’ . 46 Transition and change in Australian agricultural landscapes . 48 Commodification, creative destruction and gentrification – defining moments in amenity landscapes . 50 Conflicts and land use change . 53 Economic impacts of amenity migration . 56 Summary . 57 2.2 The role of agriculture and food systems in amenity landscapes . 58 Changes in Australian farming . 58 The contribution of amenity areas to agricultural production . 60 Farm diversification and pluriactivity in amenity landscapes . 63 Farm Tourism . 64 Niche Markets . 65 Local food systems in amenity landscapes . 66 Farmers’ Markets . 69 Community Supported Agriculture . 70
Seasonal labour migration and livelihood in the middle hill of Nepal: Reflections from Arghakhanchi District

People’s livelihood in the villages of the middle hill of Nepal are based on farming system. The relationship between climate change and seasonal labor migration in the middle hill areas is a relatively understudied research topic, particularly from an empirical point of view. This article aims at contributing to the literature by analyzing the relationship between livelihoods and human mobility in two rural communities located in the Province 5, Arghakhanchi district, Nepal. Traditional rain-fed agriculture is the most important economic activity in the area. This article highlights differences in livelihood and human mobility patterns between households. The economy of the middle hill is primarily agrarian. Over 80% of the population of the middle hill districts still lives in rural areas/settings, where levels of poverty are higher than in the neighbouring countries. They depend on farming and collecting forest products for their livelihoods. In Arghakhanchi district, during the dry season, many migrate in search of temporary work as labourers particularly in Indian states. Arghakhanchi is the district where the proportion of inhabitants from low income is relatively higher than the other surrounding districts of Province 5. These people are marginalized and experience high rates of poverty, low levels of education and poor health. They are highly vulnerable to climate change, due to poverty and dependence on climate-sensitive livelihoods in a vulnerable region. Consequently, more households are likely to participate in seasonal migration and those already migrating are credible to do so for longer times. Currently, such migrants take up low-paying unskilled works, mainly in urban areas in Uttarakhand, Panjab and Bhopal of India, which enables them to make meager savings, hardly enough to repay the debt of their family has incurred during food shortages. In the study area, the non-agricultural diversification is widespread and income from non-agricultural activities exceeds agricultural income. However, though mobility patterns in the area are determined primarily by broader economic considerations.Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies Vol.1(1) 2018 42-57
World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues

Anna Berestova a , I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Pathological Anatomy, Trubetskaya str. , 8, p. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2349-3085 Tatyana Anisimova , Yelabuga Institute of Kazan Federal University, Department of Mathematics and Applied Informatics, Kazanskaya str. , 89, Yelabuga, 423600, Russian Federation, https://orcid.org/0000-00017245-988X Olga Morugina , I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Nursing Management and Social Work, Trubetskaya str. , 8, p. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6777-9448 Liudmila Lobuteva , I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Organization and Economics of PharmacyTrubetskaya str. , 8, p. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1401-8730 Alisa Lobuteva , I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Trubetskaya str. , 8, p. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-1115
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine is looking for novelty in the methodological and/or theoretical content of submitted papers. Such kind of novelty has to be mainly acknowledged in the area of AI and Computer Science. Methodological papers deal with the proposal of some strategy and related methods to solve some scientific issues in specific domains. They must show, usually through an experimental evaluation, how the proposed methodology can be applied to medicine, medicallyoriented human biology, and health care, respectively. They have also to provide a comparison with other proposals, and explicitly discuss elements of novelty. Theoretical papers focus on more fundamental, general and formal topics of AI and must show the novel expected effects of the proposed solution in some medical or healthcare field.
Biogeochemical Controls on the Relative Importance of Denitrification and Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium in Estuaries

The balance between estuarine denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) is critical for determining nitrogen loads received by oceans from inland waters. We aimed to determine the factors controlling the ratio between these processes and determining whether nitrogen was generally removed or recycled in estuaries. Rates of denitrification and DNRA with depth were measured in intact sediment cores in 11 estuaries along the coast of Victoria, Australia. The estuaries studied represent a range of biogeochemical conditions, land use, and catchment size. At a pore water profile scale, the ratio of denitrification to DNRA was well predicted by a multiple regression model with nitrate concentration in the overlying water, dissolved pore water iron, and ammonium as the predictor variables. Areal denitrification rates varied from 4 to 150 μmol · m−2 · hr−1, and DNRA rates varied from 2 to 30 μmol · m−2 · hr−1, with the ratio of denitrification to DNRA spanning a range from denitrification‐dominated (denitrification/DNRA = 8.4) to DNRA‐dominated (denitrification/DNRA = 0.3). DNRA dominated at sites with high iron pools and high organic carbon to nitrate ratios. We conclude that low nitrate and high Fe2+ availability generally enhances DNRA and drives an estuary toward being N recycling, rather than N removing.
Interference in the Earth system through terrestrial carbon dioxide removal

Terrestrial carbon dioxide removal (tCDR) strategies are being discussed as options to counteract anthropogenic global warming. In particular policy makers now increasingly consider targeted land use change such as afforestation and biomass plantations as options to extract carbon from the atmosphere. In light of this, it is important to understand sustainability limits and implications of tCDR in the context of Earth system dynamics. This thesis provides a model based assessment of biogeochemical and hydrological sideeffects of large-scale biomass plantations and afforestation in the context of planetary boundaries, delimiting a safe operating space for humanity. Simulations with a dynamic global vegetation model (LPJmL) indicate considerable biogeochemical and hydrological consequences of biomass plantations which are even larger than those of historical agricultural land use. In particular, biomass plantations on current agricultural land use areas show a 22% increase in net primary productivity compared to natural vegetation on the same area, which drives other alterations in regional and global carbon and water cycles. Additionally, land use scenarios of biomass plantations are developed with a multi-objective optimisation model under consideration of regional environmental constraints and evaluated against the global planetary boundaries for biogeochemical flows, biosphere integrity, land system change and freshwater use. This shows clear trade-offs between planetary boundaries and tCDR. Respecting environmental constraints according to the planetary boundary framework yields almost zero tCDR potential. The transgression of regional environmental constraints into a zone of increasing risk of triggering feedbacks at the planetary scale can provide considerable annual net carbon extraction rates of 1.4 GtC 6.9 GtC, depending on the biomass conversion pathway and the timely operationalisation of large-scale carbon capture and storage plants. The importance of co-evolutionary dynamics of the Earth’s carbon cycle and societal interventions through tCDR is demonstrated with a conceptual modelling approach in the context of carbon-related planetary boundaries. It becomes apparent that focussing on climate change without an integrated trade-offs assessments may lead to navigating the Earth system out of the safe operating space due to collateral transgression of other boundaries. The success of tCDR depends on the degree of anticipation of climate change, the potential tCDR rate and the underlying emission pathway. Integrating population growth and changing food demands while minimising carbon and
Revisiting Pan Evaporation Trends in Australia a Decade on

Decreases in pan evaporation (Epan) have been reported around the world despite increasing air temperatures; this was attributed to reductions in wind speed and solar radiation. Using 42 years (1975–2016) of Australian Epan data, we reexamined Epan trends, adding over a decade of observations to previous analyses. Flexible local linear regression models showed that many previously reported decreasing Epan trends have plateaued or reversed. Attribution analysis confirmed that 1975–1994 Epan decreases in southern/western Australia were chiefly driven by decreasing wind speeds. Increasing vapor pressure deficit subsequently became dominant, resulting in 1994–2016 Epan increases. Climate trend analyses should consider applying flexible statistical models to qualitatively understand temporal dynamics, complementing linear models that are able to provide quantitative assessments, especially when multiple drivers are involved.