Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the eff ects of general and spinal anaesthesia on APGAR score of the neonates in patients undergoing elective caesarean section

Objective: Th e aim of the study was to compare the eff ects of general and spinal anaesthesia on APGAR score of the neonates in patients undergoing elective caesarean section. Study design: Randomized control trial Place and duration of surgery: Th is study was conducted in Anaesthesia Department of Lyari General Hospital Karachi over a period of 3 months from January 2009 to March 2009. Patients and methods: In this study 100 patients, who were on operation theatre list for caesarean section, were divided into two groups. Group I (n=50) received spinal anaesthesia and group II (n=50) received general anaesthesia. Th ere were no signifi cant diff erences in age, height and weight of the patients. Data from the patients was recorded on a proforma. Th e comparison was made between groups I and group II. Aft er delivery of the neonate the APGAR was assessed at 1 and 5 minutes and was documented on proforma. Result: In group I, the average age of the patients was 29.15±5.62 while in group II the average age was 28.72±5.62; the mean diff erence was not statistically signifi cant between groups (P=0.67). Mean weight of the patients in group I was 70.64±10.16 kg and 72.46±12.62 kg in group II. At 1 and 5 minutes intervals, APGAR score was found higher in neonates of women who received spinal anaesthesia than those women who received general anaesthesia (P<0.001). Th e higher percentage of patients in group I showed quite improved APGAR score as compared to patients in group II. Conclusion: Neonates of women showed improved APGAR score who had caesarean section in spinal anaesthesia than in general anaesthesia.
Quality of Life in Developing Countries: An Empirical Investigation

This study investigates individuals’ perceptions of their quality of life (QOL) in developing countries, using Saudi Arabia as a case study. The study depicts that satisfaction with life in general derives from the satisfaction with particular life domains. Overall life satisfaction is derived from material well-being, community well-being, emotional well-being, and health and safety wellbeing domains. Furthermore, the relationship between the demographic factors and the different domain of quality of life were investigated. A sample of 775 residents living in the Western region in Saudi Arabia was surveyed. Simple regression analysis was used to test the study hypotheses. The impact of demographic factors on the respondents’ perceptions of the various life domains was investigated using a series of T-tests. The results of the regression analyses revealed that the Saudi resident’s perception and their satisfaction with particular life domains influenced their overall life satisfaction . The T-test analysis showed that several demographic factors were found to be significantly related to the over all QOL and its various life domain. Discussion of results and their implications is provided
STENT IMPLANTATION FOR NATIVE AND RECURRENT COARCTATION OF AORTA

ObjectiveThis study was performed to evaluate the early results of stent implantation for aortic coarctation or recoaratation. Methods19 patients with a mean age of 21±12 years with aortic coarctation, 14 native and 5 recoarctations, were treated by stenting in our center over a period of two years. The mean peak systolic pressure gradient across the coarcted segment was 54 mmHg ± 14 mmHg. ResultsThe procedure was effective in all 19 cases. Immediately after stent implantation the mean peak systolic gradient fell to 6±4 mmHg (P< 0.001). Complications occurred in 2 patients (stent migration in 1, edge dissection in another patient). ConclusionStent implantation for aortic coarctation and native coarctation gives good immediate results. Non-invasive studies including spiral CT scan and echocardiographic study is recommended for follow-up after stent implantation in order to evaluate long-term results (Iranian Heart Journal 2006; 7 (3):5-8).
Prevalence of dementia, delirium and psychiatric symptoms in various care settings for the elderly

A prevalence study of psychiatric symptoms was performed in parts of a hospital catchment area in Mid-Sweden. In total 717 patients, aged 75 years and above, who were receiving care in an emergency hospital, three nursing homes, five old people's homes and two home medical care districts were included. All patients were examined using the OBS-scale (Organic Brain Syndrome Scale). Anxiety (51%), psychomotor slowing (45%), delirium (44%), depressed mood (41%), irritability (40%) and dementia (33%) were the most prevalent psychiatric symptoms or diagnoses in the sample but there were wide differences between the four care settings. The present study shows that the prevalence of dementia, delirium and psychiatric symptoms is high in all types of care settings for the elderly. It also demonstrates the need for psychiatric medical and nursing competence in all types of care for the elderly.
Remote ischemic preconditioning versus standard myocardial protection in cardiac surgery: ten years of clinical trials. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Summary Objectives: To systematically review and assess the existing evidence for the applicability of remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) in cardiac surgery. Material and methods: Major biomedical databases: Medline, Cochrane, etc. were searched. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing rIPC and standard myocardial protection in patients submitted to cardiac surgery were included if they reported at least one of the outcomes of interest: myocardial injury markers, postoperative inotropic support, or length of ICU stay. Results: 991 patients were included in the analysis. rIPC was shown to reduce myocardial injury markers postoperatively by –0.63 SMD [–0.99 to –0.28] and postoperative inotropic requirement by –0.40 SMD [–0.66 to –0.16] in the adult patients submitted to cardiac surgery. There has been significant, yet correctable, heterogeneity of the primary outcome of interest, and the available RCTs were small sample studies. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides evidence confirm ing that rIPC has potential benefits with regard to myocardial
Con Centration of total immunoglobulins in blood and milk of periparturient mares and their transfer to foals via C olostrum

BOBOS, S. , Lj. JOVANOVIC-PANIC, D. TRAILOVIC, M. PAJIC, Z. RASIC, M. RADINOVIC, A. GALFI and S. SIMIN, 2013. Concentration of total immunoglobulins in blood and milk of periparturient mares and their transfer to foals via colostrums. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 19: 1431-1436 The aim of this study was to measure the importance of the humoral and cellular immune responses of mares’ mammary glands, the impact of these responses on vitality and growth of newborn foals, to confirm the hypothesis that colostrum qual ity is the decisive factor for protection of newborn foals against neonatal infections and health in the first months of their life and that the time of and quantity of colostrum intake are more important factors in the optimal development of foal serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels than the concentration of Ig in the colostrum. Seventeen mares and their newborn foals were investigated in this research. Mares were mated during 2008 and gave birth from February to May of the following year. All newborn foals were clinically examined and blood samples were collected from v. jugularis according to the following scheme: one hour postpartum, 24 hours postpartum and then once daily until the end of the first 7 days of life. Newborn foals were born with extremely low levels of gamma globulin (2.7 ± 1%). Satisfactory transfer of Ig was registered in 82% of the foals, while insufficient transfer of Ig was registered in 18% of the foals. The somatic cell count in milk of healthy mares was the highest on the first day postpartum and gradually declined over the next 7 days. In spite that, no correlation was observed between the somatic cell count and the establishment of cellular immunity in newborn foals.
Delivery of Psychological Interventions by Clinical Neuropsychologists: Current Practice in Australia and Implications for Training

Clinical neuropsychologists are increasingly involved in delivering psychological interventions to people with neurological conditions. This is a key competency for accredited Australian postgraduate neuropsychology courses; however it is not clear how effective courses are in preparing neuropsychologists to deliver interventions. The study aims were to (a) determine the frequency and confidence with which particular types of interventions are delivered by Australian neuropsychologists, (b) examine the availability of opportunities to deliver interventions on clinical placements, (c) identify barriers to delivering interventions in current workplaces; and (d) determine which factors influence the frequency and confidence with which neuropsychologists deliver interventions. An online survey was completed by 114 participants who had graduated from a postgraduate neuropsychology program. Results indicated that respondents delivered different intervention types with varying frequency. They reported limited opportunities to practice these interventions on placements. The majority wanted to be doing more interventions, with lack of time, resources, and adequate training being the major barriers. There were several significant relationships between the frequency and confidence with which respondents delivered interventions and the perceived quality of their postgraduate training. These results highlight the need to consider appropriate postgraduate training options in delivery of interventions, including increasing opportunities to practice interventions on placements.
Evaluating acute myocardial infarction symptom recognition in women

When acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs, prompt medical treatment is of critical importance for the best outcome. Reducing the time between the onset of symptoms and treatment seeking is considered important in reducing mortality among women with AMI. A telephone survey using random digit dialing was conducted to assess the current understanding of acute myocardial infarction of 349 women in the Greater Vancouver area. This preliminary work is important for designing strategies designed to educate women and reduce the help-seeking portion of treatment delay in women experiencing acute myocardial infarction. Two response variables were examined: intention to delay and likelihood of responding appropriately to myocardial infarction symptoms. The results of this study revealed that women have not yet personalized information that they are at risk for AMI. The participants indicated a need for more information pertaining to symptom recognition for AMI; they were largely unaware that females experience AMI somewhat differently than do males. The participants were less aware of the risks that diabetes, obesity and menopause pose for AMI. The findings of this study illuminate the concern that women have problems recognizing AMI symptoms and are not likely to respond appropriately. Women who indicated that they would feel embarrassed if they made a "false alarm visit" to an emergency room (ER) for suspicious symptoms were significantly less likely to indicate that they would respond appropriately to AMI symptoms. Additionally, women who had visited ER in the past were less likely to indicate that they would respond appropriately to AMI symptoms. Furthermore, there is cause for concern that 36% of women intend to delay treatment seeking for AMI. Variables significantly associated with intention to delay were embarrassment of a false alarm, preference for self-care management, being an immigrant, and lower educational attainment. Ill A multidimensional approach will be needed to address the information needs of women pertaining to AMI recognition and treatment seeking. Not only should health promotion campaigns deliver the information women need, but clinicians in direct contact with women, particularly those women at risk for AMI, should be aware that treatment delay for women with AMI is problematic. Health-care providers can help disseminate information to women encouraging prompt and appropriate treatment seeking for AMI. Because women who had visited ER were significantly less likely to respond appropriately to AMI symptoms, it is important that strategies for improving ER experiences be considered. Recommendations for further research include the consideration that the decision to seek treatment for AMI symptoms is likely to be multidimensional. Psychological, emotional, and social factors, in addition to cognitive understanding, are components of the complicated process of deciding to seek treatment for AMI.
Frequency and Probable Causes of Road Accidents Related to the Staff and Faculties of Medical Sciences in Kerman University during 2012-2013

نﺎﺠﻨﺴﻓر ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻪﻠﺠﻣ Background and Objective: The human factor is one of the most influential factors and cause of 60% of road accidents. Based on current evidence, Kerman province has the highest rate of deaths due to road accidents all around the country. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of human and environmental factors associated with the occurrence of road accidents in Kerman. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted recruiting 80 faculties and 243 staff of Medical Sciences in kerman university . Convenience sampling was used for selecting survey’s participants. A self-administered questionnaire was used including two main parts: the first one consisted of the history and the number of accidents, and effective determinants, and the second part was for demographic characteristics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Results: The odds of accidents in educated individuals were 2.29 times greater than low educated ones (OR=2.29, 95% Confidence interval= 1.03-5.07). There was significant association between the gender (p=0.013), education level (p= 0.040), the history of previous accidents (p<0.001) with the occurrence of road accidents. Conclusion : The number of reported accidents associated with the increasing education and gender of drivers. With the influential role of human factors and education in particular, the results have implications for identifying high risk groups.
Transvaginal Saline Sonosalpingography for The Assessment of Tubal Patency

Objective To evaluate the test characteristics of transvaginal saline sonosalpingography (SSG) for the assessment of tubal patency in comparison to laparoscopy with chromopertubation. Design Diagnostic test (prospective and blind comparative study). Setting Infertile clinic and operative theater, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Medical College and Vajira Hospital. Material and methods Tubal patency of 44 infertile women with previous unknown tubal function was assessed by transvaginal saline SSG at infertile clinic. Transvaginal saline SSG was performed with a 5 MHz transducer-ATL-HDI 3000 by injection 50 ml isotonic saline solution into the uterine cavity through a pediatric Foley catheter. The collection of free fluid imaged in the cul-de-sac was accepted as the evidence of tubal patency. Diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation was performed independently at operative theater on the following day. The results of transvaginal saline SSG were compared to the findings from the diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation. Main outcome measures The prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, false positive rate and false negative rate. Results 42 of 44 women were finally recruited into the study because the procedure could not be accomplished in two women. The results from transvaginal saline SSG were compared to the findings from the standard diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation. Transvaginal saline SSG could detect tubal patency (either unilateral or bilateral) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 96.97%, 88.89%, 96.97%, 88.89% and 95.24% respectively. Adverse events of transvaginal saline SSG included : mild pelvic pain in 30 (71.43%), severe pelvic pain in two (4.76%) and shoulder pain in one (2.38%) of the women in this study. Infectious complications were not found in this study. Conclusion The results confirm that transvaginal saline SSG is a simple, well tolerated and reliable screening method for the assessment of tubal patency in an outpatient setting with minimal adverse effect. However, other confirmatory tests are required whenever bilateral tubal occlusion is suspected due to possible false negative finding.
The Using of Media in Learning Fiqh to the Islamic Education Department of Education and Teacher Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang

The using of media in learning is one of important aspects to be applied in learning process, the delivery of learning material is easy to understand, in addition to the provide more concrete learning, specially in the achievement of learning objectives. The aims of this study is to reveal the use of Media in Learning Fiqh in the Department of Islamic Education, Education and Teaching Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This study used a qualitative descriptive method, the informants of this study is consisted of lecturers who teach jurisprudence at the Department of Islamic education, the other jurisprudence lecturers, students and subsequently increased in accordance with the purposes of the data obtained. Data collected by using observation, interviews, and documentation, to the validity of the data obtained, it is conducted the triangulation during the research process. The research results revealed that the Use of Media in Learning Fiqh of the Department of Islamic Education in Teaching Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang by lecturers already in used, such as using a doll to organize the corpse, shroud, perfume, coffin corpse and occasional lecturer use media electronics such as laptop. This was due to the limited facilities and infrastructure that provide in Department of Islamic Education, Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang, and the instability of electricity power, thus, the most frequently media that is used by lecturer is a whiteboard using the discussion method. Keywords: Media, Learning of jurisprudence, Department of Islamic studies Copyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Effect of Suprarenal Fixation of Aortic Stent-Grafts on the Renal Artery Ostia: Assessment of Morphological Changes by Virtual Intravascular Endoscopy

Purpose: To investigate the morphological effects of suprarenal fixation of aortic stent-grafts on the renal artery ostia (RaO) by analysis of suprarenal stent wire distribution and vascular calcification across the RaO using virtual intravascular endoscopy (VIE). Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients (11 men; mean age 75 years) from a single institution were studied following endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) using the Zenith endograft system from September 1999 to March 2002. Imaging assessment included computed tomographic (CT) measurement of renal artery intraluminal ostial diameter and quantification and analysis of uncovered stent struts across the RaO and radiological determination of RaO calcification. Morphological changes following EVAR at 3 time points (before and within 1 week after stent-grafting, and at the most recent follow-up) were compared for each patient to determine whether suprarenal stent struts or RaO calcification affected intraluminal ostial diameter. Renal function was assessed by temporal measurements of serum creatinine concentration and creatinine clearance. Results: The renal ostium was distorted to variable degrees in all cases at a mean follow-up of 41±6.6 months. An increase in ostial diameter was identified in most patients if the right RaO was calcified when comparing the 1-week postoperative and most recent follow-up CT images (p<0.05). There was no direct relationship between the number of stent struts crossing the RaO and the morphological/dimensional changes (p>0.05). Renal function was not significantly affected. Conclusion: Patients undergoing suprarenal fixation of aortic stent-grafts experienced morphological changes of the RaO to a variable extent at midterm follow-up. Although the presence of stent struts did not significantly affect dimensional changes, we observed that calcification at the renal artery ostium may influence the development of atherosclerotic effects as a direct relationship between the calcification and ostial diameter. Future studies utilizing VIE to determine the long-term safety of this technique in these particular patients requires investigation.
Nurse versus ambulatory blood pressure measurement in a community of African descent: prevalence and significant of ``white coat`` responses.

Hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in communities of African ancestry. The most appropriate method of predicting the risk for blood pressure (BP)-related cardiovascular events is through 24-hour ambulatory BP (ABP) monitoring. Although the cost of monitors precludes the use of 24-hour BP measurement in groups of African descent in Africa, the extent to which BP-related cardiovascular risk may be underestimated by nurse-derived clinic BP measurements, and the current method of BP-related risk assessment in these communities, is uncertain. In this regard, nursederived BP measurement is thought to be superior to other forms of in-office BP measurement. Ambulatory 24-hour, day and night BP (SpaceLabs, model 90207) and nursederived clinic BP (CBP) (mean of 5 values) control rates were determined in 689 randomly selected participants (>16 years) of African ancestry in South Africa. Of the participants 45.7% were hypertensive and 22.6% were receiving antihypertensive medication. More participants had uncontrolled BP at night (34.0%) than during the day (22.6%, p<0.0001). However, uncontrolled CBP was noted in 37.2% of participants, while a much lower proportion had uncontrolled ABP (24.1%)(p<0.0001). These differences were accounted for by a high prevalence of isolated increases in CBP (whitecoat effects)(39.4%). Thus, in communities of African descent, despite a worse BP control at night than during the day, a high prevalence of white-coat effects translates into a striking underestimation of BP control when employing CBP rather than ABP measurements. Nurse-derived BP measurements are often as closely associated with organ damage as ABP. However, the extent to which relationships between nurse-derived BP measurements and organ damage reflect a white-coat effect (isolated increase in inoffice BP) as opposed to the adverse effects of BP per se are unknown. In 750