Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Warming’s Six MTurks: A Secondary Analysis of a US-Based Online Crowdsourcing Market

Using a global warming audience segmentation tool (Six Americas Super Short Survey (SASSY)) as a case study, we consider how public health can use consumer panels and online crowdsourcing markets (OCMs) in research. Through a secondary analysis, we aim to understand how consumer panels and OCMs are similar to or different from each other on demographics and global warming beliefs through SASSY, and how they compare to US Census estimates. With this information, researchers will understand public opinion of global warming in their sample, which is useful for many climate change initiatives. Neither the consumer panel (Ipsos) or OCM sample (MTurk) matched US estimates of population demographics. Both panels achieved similar SASSY segments, showing that even with diverse sampling frames, SASSY is a useful tool for understanding global warming sentiment. Compared to Ipsos, MTurk was younger (more Millennials and Generation X), had higher educational attainment, and lower income. Both panels were majority White, but Ipsos was more diverse than the unweighted MTurk. Ipsos had more respondents from the South whereas MTurk had more respondents from the West. Across the MTurk SASSY segment, there were no significant differences for the majority of demographic characteristics except for age; younger generations were more Alarmed or Concerned, and older generations were more Doubtful and Dismissive. Researchers interested in understanding their sample’s opinions of global warming should use SASSY and consider oversampling in key demographic variables if they intend to achieve a nationally representative and diverse sample.
Sphingolipid Catabolism and Glycerophospholipid Levels Are Altered in Erythrocytes and Plasma from Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Changes in lipid metabolism have been suggested to play important roles in MS pathophysiology and progression. In this work we analyzed the lipid composition and sphingolipid-catabolizing enzymes in erythrocytes and plasma from MS patients and healthy controls. We observed reduction of sphingomyelin (SM) and elevation of its products—ceramide (CER) and shingosine (SPH). These changes were supported by the detected up-regulation of the activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in MS plasma and alkaline ceramidase (ALCER) in erythrocytes from MS patients. In addition, Western blot analysis showed elevated expression of ASM, but not of ALCER. We also compared the ratios between saturated (SAT), unsaturated (UNSAT) and polyunsaturated fatty acids and suggest, based on the significant differences observed for this ratio, that the UNSAT/SAT values could serve as a marker distinguishing erythrocytes and plasma of MS from controls. In conclusion, the application of lipid analysis in the medical practice would contribute to definition of more precise diagnosis, analysis of disease progression, and evaluation of therapeutic strategies. Based on the molecular changes of blood lipids in neurodegenerative pathologies, including MS, clinical lipidomic analytical approaches could become a promising contemporary tool for personalized medicine.
Burn Severity Assessment Using Sentinel-1 SAR in the Southeast Peruvian Amazon, a Case Study of Madre de Dios

Fire is one of the significant drivers of vegetation loss and threat to Amazonian landscapes. It is estimated that fires cause about 30% of deforested areas, so the severity level is an important factor in determining the rate of vegetation recovery. Therefore, the application of remote sensing to detect fires and their severity is fundamental. Radar imagery has an advantage over optical imagery because radar can penetrate clouds, smoke, and rain and can see at night. This research presents algorithms for mapping the severity level of burns based on change detection from Sentinel-1 backscatter data in the southeastern Peruvian Amazon. Absolute, relative, and Radar Forest Degradation Index (RDFI) predictors were used through singular polarization length (dB) patterns (Vertical, Vertical-VV and Horizontal, Horizontal-HH) of vegetation and burned areas. The Composite Burn Index (CBI) determined the algorithms’ accuracy. The burn severity ratios used were estimated to be approximately 40% at the high level, 43% at the moderate level, and 17% at the low level. The validation dataset covers 384 locations representing the main areas affected by fires, showing the absolute and relative predictors of cross-polarization (k = 0.734) and RDFI (k = 0.799) as the most concordant in determining burn severity. Overall, the research determines that Sentinel-1 cross-polarized (VH) data has adequate accuracy for detecting and quantifying burns.
“There is something like a barrier”: Disability stigma, structural discrimination and middle-class persons with disability in Ghana

Abstract Discrimination against persons with disability is not just a relational phenomenon. It has a structural dimension that is equally oppressive. Structural discrimination can occur even in places and instances where individual discrimination may not be present. Structural discrimination is not always easily noticeable and thus cannot be legislated against easily. This study explored the lived experiences of structural discrimination as experienced by 16 middle-class persons with disability in Ghana. The participants shared experiences of simultaneous acceptance and limited access or in some cases rejection in educational institutions, places of work, religious spaces and the service industry. These experiences of structural discrimination happen because the social class positions of middle-class persons with disability qualify them to enter mainstream social, economic and political spaces but the stigma which their impairments elicit compromises their identities in these spaces, making their full integration into mainstream activities challenging. Corporeal differences ought not to be used as basis for denying access to resources and opportunities. Societies have to consciously work to identify structures that oppress persons with disability and inhibit their integration into mainstream activities. There is the need for the creation of an inclusive society that actively pursues the dismantling of exclusionary structures and normative systems within society.
A BF16 FMA is All You Need for DNN Training

Fused Multiply-Add (FMA) functional units constitute a fundamental hardware component to train Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Its silicon area grows quadratically with the mantissa bit count of the computer number format, which has motivated the adoption of the BrainFloat16 format (BF16). BF16 features 1 sign, 8 exponent and 7 explicit mantissa bits. Some approaches to train DNNs achieve significant performance benefits by using the BF16 format. However, these approaches must combine BF16 with the standard IEEE 754 Floating-Point 32-bit (FP32) format to achieve state-of-the-art training accuracy, which limits the impact of adopting BF16. This article proposes the first approach able to train complex DNNs entirely using the BF16 format. We propose a new class of FMA operators, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{FMA}^{\mathrm {bf}16}_{\mathrm{n}\_\mathrm{m}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msubsup><mml:mi> FMA </mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">n</mml:mi><mml:mo>_</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi> bf </mml:mi><mml:mn>16</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="osorio-ieq1-3187770.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, that entirely rely on BF16 FMA hardware instructions and deliver the same accuracy as FP32. <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{FMA}^{\mathrm {bf}16}_{\mathrm{n}\_\mathrm{m}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msubsup><mml:mi> FMA </mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">n</mml:mi><mml:mo>_</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi> bf </mml:mi><mml:mn>16</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="osorio-ieq2-3187770.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> operators achieve performance improvements within the 1.28-1.35× range on ResNet101 with respect to FP32. <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{FMA}^{\mathrm {bf}16}_{\mathrm{n}\_\mathrm{m}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msubsup><mml:mi> FMA </mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">n</mml:mi><mml:mo>_</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi> bf </mml:mi><mml:mn>16</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="osorio-ieq3-3187770.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> enables training complex DNNs on simple low-end hardware devices without requiring expensive FP32 FMA functional units.
Enhancement of shoot proliferation and evaluation of biotic elicitation effects on anatomical changes of pseudo stem and anti-lipid peroxidation activity of Curcuma mangga Val.

Mango turmeric (Curcuma mangga Val.) contains many bioactive compounds that are used for traditional treatment of various health problems and ailments. Slow propagation nature of C. mangga have resulted in short supply to meet the market demand. The longitudinally incised half shoot explants promote 100 % increased of shoot number compared with non-incised shoots with the formation of average 6.6 shoots/explant when they were cultured either vertically or horizontally on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 BA and 0.5 mg l-1 NAA. Biotic elicitation with 3.5 mg l-1 or 5.0 mg l-1 yeast extract or combination of 150 mg l-1 chitosan and 3.5 mg l-1 yeast extract did not promote shoot proliferation but exhibited anti-lipid peroxidation activity slightly lower than quercetin, a potent plant antioxidant flavonoid and butyl hydroxyl toluene (BHT), a commercial preservative agent which is used as a positive control. While absolute ethanol which served as a negative control did not show any anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Biotic elicitation of C. mangga plantlets using similar elicitors resulted in anatomical changes of its pseudostem with reduced number of thin lignified xylem cells and the presence of druse suspected to be oxalate crystals inside the cortex cells with delicate cell wall.
Identification of curcumin as a novel potential drug for promoting the development of small ovarian follicles for infertility treatment

Abstract In-vitro fertilization is an effective treatment for various causes of infertility. However, management of women with poor ovarian response or premature ovarian insufficiency remains challenging because these women have underdeveloped small ovarian follicles that do not respond to hormone treatment. In-vitro activation of small follicles has been developed but its efficiency has much room for improvement. In the current study, we provide several lines of evidence showing that curcumin, an FDA-approved traditional medicine, can specifically promote the development of mouse ovarian follicles from the primary to secondary stage, which greatly potentiates these small follicles for subsequent in-vivo development into antral follicles that can be ovulated. Mechanistically, we show that curcumin promotes the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells and the growth of oocytes by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. Most importantly, we show that in-vitro treatment of human ovarian tissues with curcumin can promote the in-vivo survival and development of small human ovarian follicles, showing that curcumin can be used as a potential drug to increase the success rate of in-vitro activation of small human follicles. We thus identify curcumin as a novel potential drug for promoting the development of small human ovarian follicles for infertility treatment.
Awareness and Perception about Health Insurance among People at a Sub-metropolitan City of Nepal

INTRODUCTION: Health insurance is a type of insurance coverage that pays for medical, surgical and sometimes dental expenses incurred by the insured. It reimburses the insured for expenses incurred from illness or injury or pays the case provider directly. The objective of this study is to determine awareness and perception about health insurance among people of Janakpurdham. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study, using simple random sampling among 400 participants was done at Janakpurdham. A semi structured questionnaire was used. Data was tabulated, categorized and was analyzed using statistical methods JASP version. Chi-square test was used to find out the association between the dependent and independent variables. RESULTS: In this research awareness about health insurance among respondents slightly more than one third 137(34.25%) were heard about health insurance and 293(73.25%) heard about health insurance scheme. Maximum number of respondents received information from friends 154(38.5%) followed by public media 127(31.7%) and few from newspaper 96(24.0%), and few from employment were 23 (5.8%). Higher Socio-economic status of the respondents were found to be significantly associated with more awareness on health insurance. CONCLUSIONS: Awareness about health insurance was satisfactory, but it did not lead to increased enrolment. There is a need to reinforce information, education and communication campaign about health insurance among the general population.
Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses after Immunisation with Low Virulent African Swine Fever Virus in the Large White Inbred Babraham Line and Outbred Domestic Pigs

African swine fever virus is currently present in all of the world’s continents apart from Antarctica, and efforts to control the disease are hampered by the lack of a commercially available vaccine. The Babraham large white pig is a highly inbred line that could represent a powerful tool to improve our understanding of the protective immune responses to this complex pathogen; however, previous studies indicated differential vaccine responses after the African swine fever virus challenge of inbred minipigs with different swine leukocyte antigen haplotypes. Lymphocyte numbers and African swine fever virus-specific antibody and T-cell responses were measured in inbred and outbred animals after inoculation with a low virulent African swine fever virus isolate and subsequent challenge with a related virulent virus. Surprisingly, diminished immune responses were observed in the Babraham pigs when compared to the outbred animals, and the inbred pigs were not protected after challenge. Recovery of Babraham pigs after challenge weakly correlated with antibody responses, whereas protective responses in outbred animals more closely correlated with the T-cell response. The Babraham pig may, therefore, represent a useful model for studying the role of antibodies in protection against the African swine fever virus.
Wheeled Robotic Technical Tools: Experience and Prospects of Use at Livestock Complexes

The issues of motivation when making decisions on the robotization of technological processes at livestock complexes for the maintenance of cattle in European countries are considered. The analysis of the costs associated with hiring farm staff in European countries and the Russian Federation is carried out. A brief description of the history of the creation of robotic equipment for livestock complexes for the maintenance of cattle, the results of the development of a feed booster robot are presented.
A Comparison of Doctor of Physical Therapy Students’ Self-Reported Empathy With Standardized Patients Perceptions of Empathy During a Simulated Telehealth Encounter

Empathy is an important factor in developing a positive patient–provider relationship. It has been shown to lead to improved patient outcomes, well-being, and satisfaction. This study examines the relationship between first-year physical therapy students’ self-reported empathy levels and a patient's perceptions of caregiver empathy during a standardized patient interview via telehealth. Forty-five students completed a self-reported empathy survey before the standardized patient encounter using telehealth. Following the experience, standardized patients rated the perceived empathy demonstrated by the students during that patient–provider encounter using 2 validated measures. The mean student self-reported empathy using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Care Provider Student (JSE-HPS) version was 123.93 (range 95-135 SD 7.328). The standardized Jefferson Scale of Patient Perception of Provider Empathy (JSPPPE) scores showed a mean of 23.8 (range 11-32 SD 3.951) and a mean of 3.16 (range 1-5 SD.85) on the Global Rating of Empathy (GRE). There was no significant correlation found between the JSE-HPS and the JSPPPE, r = −. 47, P = . 760, or the GRE r = −. 166, P = . 276. The artificial nature of a standardized patient interaction using the telehealth format for this encounter may have contributed to the students’ inability to communicate empathy to the patient and may explain this discrepancy.
Association between Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 C/T Polymorphism and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Previous studies have suggested a close association between transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy (DR) susceptibility. However, the published results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted to review and examine the relationship between TCF7L2 rs7903146 C/T polymorphism and DR risk. Materials and Methods: Online databases were searched, and the related studies were identified in this meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to examine the statistical power. Moreover, heterogeneity test, sensitivity accumulative analysis, and publication bias were conducted to measure the statistical effect. Result: 6 studies involving 12,982 subjects were included in this meta-analysis to assess the association between rs7903146 C/T polymorphism and DR susceptibility. The synthetic results indicated that the mutation of rs7903146 C/T polymorphism maybe accompanied with an increased risk for DR (T vs. C: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.00–1.60, p = 0.05, I2 = 83.5%; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.12–2.86, p = 0.02, I2 = 80.2%; TT vs. CC + CT: OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.38–1.92, p < 0.01, I2 = 32.3%). Moreover, the subgroup analysis also demonstrated an increasing risk for DR with T mutations in Caucasian descendants. Conclusion: The current evidences of meta-analysis suggested that the TCF7L2 rs7903146 C/T polymorphism might play an important role in DR susceptibility.
You Have Received More Help than I Did and I Envy You: A Social Comparison Perspective on Receiving Help in the Team

In the current research, we developed and tested a model of how and when upward social comparison of received help influenced an employee’s interpersonal citizenship behavior. Based on social comparison theory, we posited that upward social comparison of received help triggered an employee’s feelings of envy, which in turn had a negative relationship with interpersonal citizenship behavior (ICB). Further, we argued that the effects of upward social comparison of received help on envy differed in the employee’s social comparison orientation. Using data collected in three waves from 411 employees in China, we found that upward social comparison of received help was positively associated with the employee’s feelings of envy while controlling for overall receiving help, which further negatively affected interpersonal citizenship behavior. Moreover, the relationship between the upward social comparison of received help and the employee’s feelings of envy was stronger when employees had high levels of social comparison orientation and further strengthened the indirect relationship between the upward social comparison of received help and the employee’s ICB via envy. Overall, these findings have the potential to extend our knowledge of the adverse effects of receiving help in a team by introducing a social comparison perspective.
How manufacturing firms navigate through stormy waters of digitalization: the role of dynamic capabilities, organizational factors and environmental turbulence for business model innovation

Although research has shown that business model innovation (BMI) is an effective means to remain competitive in the digital age, many firms do not respond appropriately and often fail to exploit new digital opportunities. In this study, we adopt a microfoundational approach to understand the role and effects of dynamic capabilities (DCs) on BMI in the context of digitalization. Furthermore, we test how this relationship is influenced by contextual factors. Our results from a survey of German manufacturing firms demonstrate the importance of building strong DCs for effective BMI in the context of digitalization. We also highlight the advantages of an entrepreneurial leadership and mindset in this context. The study further suggests that environmental turbulence in the digital context acts as an antecedent to DCs and BMI, rather than moderating their relationship. While strategic factors indirectly affect BMI as antecedents of DCs, we found no evidence of an influence of the organizational structure.
Vibro-acoustic analysis of laminated composite plate structure using structure-dependent radiation modes: An experimental validation

In this article, the acoustic radiation responses of the layered composite flat panel in an infinite rigid baffle under the influence of harmonic point load and various support conditions are investigated numerically. The laminated composite flat panel responses have been computed using the ANSYS parametric design language code. The natural frequencies obtained using the current simulation model are matched with the earlier published values as well as in-house experimental results. The eigenvectors corresponding to the validated eigenvalues are extracted and utilised for the computation of the acoustic properties numerically by solving through Rayleigh integral scheme. The first radiation mode’s amplitudes for the vibrating plate have been computed and validated with the results available in open literature. Further, the self-radiation efficiency and radiated sound power are obtained based on the structure dependent radiation modes and all the radiation modes are also included to evaluate the exact radiated sound power. Finally, the effect of the different composite (Carbon/Epoxy and Glass/Epoxy) properties, constraint conditions and the location of point load on the displacement and velocity responses, radiation efficiency and the radiated acoustic power level of the layered flat panel have been investigated and discussed in detail.
Application architecture to efficiently manage formal and informal m-learning. A case study to motivate computer engineering students

Recent research is focusing on methods that enable effective consumption of digital content. Students are continually exposed to streams of digital content. An information system for learning was designed. Such a tool intends to connect learning in formal channels with the ability to learn in informal channels. The proposed methodology built upon the application was tested through a quasi-experimental research, implementing and evaluating its influence on how engineering students learnt in an advanced engineering course where concepts are complex. The sample is of fifty-eight students enrolled in Computer Engineering at Universidad de Almeria. Their knowledge was evaluated using a specifically designed exam. Results suggest that the effectiveness of the methodology used and the learning tool itself were both robust and fulfilled the hypothesis. The contrast tests Snedecor F for ANOVA two tail and two-sample Tstudent test suggested the effectiveness of the learning tool proposed.