Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developmental implications of preschool children’s affective experiences during organized activities

ABSTRACT This study examined Chinese preschoolers’ affective experiences during organized activities. One-on-one child interviews were conducted in which children were asked to rate their general affect during each organized activity in which they participated, and then provide reasons for their responses. Child-reported emotional engagement was related to children’s social-emotional development, approaches to learning, as well as cognitive development. The reasons children mentioned for both their positive and negative affect were coded into six major categories: interest-utility value, activity format, activity difficulty level, interpersonal relationships, external reinforcement, and activity arrangement. Notably, interest-utility value was most frequently used by children to explain their positive affect, while difficulty level was most frequently cited to explain their negative affect. The findings underline the need to better understand young children’s organized activity experiences from their own perspectives, as well as the importance of children’s affective experiences during organized activities for their development in multiple domains.
Dust environment and dynamical history of a sample of short-period comets - II. 81P/Wild 2 and 103P/Hartley 2

Aims. In this work, we present an extended study of the dust environment of a sample of short period comets and their dynamical history. With this aim, we characterized the dust tails when the comets are active, and we made a statistical study to determine their dynamical evolution. The targets selected were 22P/Kopff, 30P/Reinmuth 1, 78P/Gehrels 2, 115P/Maury, 118P/Shoemaker-Levy 4, 123P/West-Hartley, 157P/Tritton, 185/Petriew, and P/2011 W2 (Rinner). Methods. We use two different observational data: a set of images taken at the Observatorio de Sierra Nevada and the Afrho curves provided by the amateur astronomical association Cometas-Obs. To model these observations, we use our Monte Carlo dust tail code. From this analysis, we derive the dust parameters, which best describe the dust environment: dust loss rates, ejection velocities, and size distribution of particles. On the other hand, we use a numerical integrator to study the dynamical history of the comets, which allows us to determine with a 90% of confidence level the time spent by these objects in the region of Jupiter Family Comets. Results. From the Monte Carlo dust tail code, we derived three categories attending to the amount of dust emitted: Weakly active (115P, 157P, and Rinner), moderately active (30P, 123P, and 185P), and highly active (22P, 78P, and 118P). The dynamical studies showed that the comets of this sample are young in the Jupiter Family region, where the youngest ones are 22P (100 yr), 78P (500 yr), and 118P (600 yr). The study points to a certain correlation between comet activity and time spent in the Jupiter Family region, although this trend is not always fulfilled. The largest particle sizes are not tightly constrained, so that the total dust mass derived should be regarded as lower limits. }
Antidepressant Use and Its Association with 28-Day Mortality in Inpatients with SARS-CoV-2: Support for the FIASMA Model against COVID-19

Introduction To reduce Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related mortality and morbidity, widely available oral COVID-19 treatments are urgently needed. Certain antidepressants, such as fluvoxamine or fluoxetine, may be beneficial against COVID-19. Objectives The main objective was two-fold: (i) to test the hypothesis that the prevalence of antidepressant use in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 would be lower than in patients with similar characteristics hospitalized without COVID-19, and (ii) to examine, among patients hospitalized with COVID-19, whether antidepressant use is associated with reduced 28-day mortality. Our secondary aim was to examine whether this potential association could only concern specific antidepressant classes or molecules, is dose-dependent, and/or only observed beyond a certain dose threshold. Methods We included 388,945 adult inpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 36 AP–HP (Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris) hospitals from 2 May 2020 to 2 November 2021. We compared the prevalence of antidepressant use at admission in a 1:1 ratio matched analytic sample with and without COVID-19 (N = 82,586), and assessed its association with 28-day all-cause mortality in a 1:1 ratio matched analytic sample of COVID-19 inpatients with and without antidepressant use at admission (N = 1482) (Figure 1). Results Antidepressant use was significantly less prevalent in inpatients with COVID-19 than in a matched control group of inpatients without COVID-19 (1.9% versus 4.8%; Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.38; 95%CI = 0.35–0.41, p < 0.001) (Figure 2). Antidepressant use was significantly associated with reduced 28-day mortality among COVID-19 inpatients (12.8% versus 21.2%; OR = 0.55; 95%CI = 0.41–0.72, p < 0.001), particularly at daily doses of at least 40 mg fluoxetine equivalents (Figure 3). Antidepressants with high FIASMA (Functional Inhibitors of Acid Sphingomyelinase) activity seem to drive both associations. Image: Image 2: Image 3: Conclusions Antidepressant use is associated with a reduced likelihood of hospitalization in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and with a reduced risk of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. These associations were stronger for molecules with high FIASMA activity. These findings posit that prospective interventional studies of antidepressants with the highest FIASMA activity may be appropriate to help identify variant-agnostic, affordable, and scalable interventions for outpatient and inpatient therapy of COVID-19. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Race at the top: Asian Americans and whites in pursuit of the American dream in suburban schools

ful concepts Piro uses as a lens onto the processes she has observed and experienced: the bonds that tie employers and employees, indirect bargaining and reaching a precarious census. All these are highly differentiated according to nationality. Chapter 5, with reference to the sociology of the body, is faithful to the fact Piro (and Sanó) learned through their own bodies about life as farm workers in plastic fields. It is obvious this sort of work is hard on the body, as with all manual labour. But I hadn’t thought how the seasonal nature of the work, or the peaks and flows of nature’s demands would add such a toll. Pauses are not an opportunity to rest, because they are filled with anxiety and make it difficult to get used to the work, to acquire the bodily strength required for work in uncomfortable positions. We know that all work is gendered and racialized, but here we learn that women are working more and more in what has been seen as men’s work and find themselves subjected to harassment and abuse. Romanian women especially are cast as sexually available, but in spite of this, they work to preserve some sense of beauty in the context of their ugly and dirty work. Finally, after listing a litany of health hazards exacerbated by working precariously and physically at a distance from home and care environments, we learn that their vulnerability with regards to secure work means they have to hide their needs and ailments. I wish I could say more. This longitudinal ethnographic study is multi-dimensional, inclusive, complex, vivid and powerful.
Cosmic bulk flows on 50 h−1 Mpc scales: a Bayesian hyper-parameter method and multishell likelihood analysis

It has been argued recently that the galaxy peculiar velocity field provides evidence of excessive power on scales of 50h −1 Mpc, which seems to be inconsistent with the standardCDM cosmological model. We discuss several assumptions and conventions used in studies of the large-scale bulk flow to check whether this claim is robust under a variety of conditions. Rather than using a composite catalogue we select samples from the SN, ENEAR, SFI++ and A1SN catalogues, and correct for Malmquist bias in each according to the IRAS PSCz density field. We also use slightly different assumptions about the small-scale velocity dispersion and the parameterisation of the matter power spectrum when calculating the variance of the bulk flow. By combining the likelihood of individual catalogues using a Bayesian hyper-parameter method, we find that the joint likelihood of the amplitude parameter gives σ8 = 0.65 +0.47 −0.35 (68 per cent confidence region), which is entirely consistent with theCDM model. In addition, the bulk flow magnitude, v � 310kms −1 , and direction, (l,b) � (280 ◦ ± 8 ◦ ,5.1 ◦ ± 6 ◦ ), found by each of the catalogues are all consistent with each other, and with the bulk flow results from most previous studies. Furthermore, the bulk flow velocities in different shells of the surveys constrain (σ8, m) to be (1.01 +0.26 −0.20,0.31 +0.28 −0.14), for SFI++ and (1.04 +0.32 −0.24,0.28 +0.30 −0.14) for ENEAR, which are consistent with WMAP 7-year best-fit values. We finally discuss the differences between our conclusions and those of the studies claiming the largest bulk flows.
Who writes and who responds? Gender and race-based differences in open annotations

Purpose Historically minoritized students are routinely silenced in classroom settings. This study aims to explore whether open annotations encourage students with historically minoritized gender/racial/ethnic identities to share knowledge and ideas. In addition, this study explores how the intersectionality of student identities relates to their experiences of open annotation and assess gendered and racialized achievement of student learning objectives. Design/methodology/approach This study uses mixed methods to examine the use of an open annotation tool (Perusall) to foster the redistribution of epistemic authority and more equitable interactions in science, technology, engineering, and math and humanities courses at the intersection of environmental and social justice issues. The study design draws on illustrative case study methods to assist others in seeing the potential and considerations in using a similar pedagogical approach. Findings An open annotation tool like Perusall can foster more equitable interactions for historically minoritized students. Women reported that open annotations deepened knowledge and engagement with the source and their peers. Women of color, in particular, acknowledged the benefits of social annotations as a tool that redistributes epistemic authority. Conversely, men were more likely to comment on dissatisfaction with grading. Originality/value This study suggests the value of open annotation as an effective and accessible method to foster inclusive classrooms. Through examining epistemic authority in social annotations, this study provides a novel approach to addressing the disengagement of historically minoritized students.
Automated morphological classification of Sloan Digital Sky Survey red sequence galaxies

In the last decade, the advent of enormous galaxy surveys has motivated the development of automated morphological classification schemes to deal with large data volumes. Existing automated schemes can successfully distinguish between early and late type galaxies and identify merger candidates, but are inadequate for studying detailed morphologies of red sequence galaxies. To fill this need, we present a new automated classification scheme that focuses on making finer distinctions between early types roughly corresponding to Hubble types E, S0, and Sa. We visually classify a sample of 984 non-starforming SDSS galaxies with apparent sizes > 14 ′′ . We then develop an automated method to closely reproduce the visual classifications, which both provides a check on the visual results and makes it possible to extend morphological analysis to much larger samples. We visually classify the galaxies into three bulge classes (BC) by the shape of the light profile in the outer regions: discs have sharp edges and bulges do not, while some galaxies are intermediate. We separately identify galaxies with features: spiral arms, bars, clumps, rings, and dust. We find general agreement between BC and the bulge fraction B/T measured by the galaxy modeling package GIM2D, but many visual discs have B/T > 0.5. Three additional automated parameters – smoothness, axis ratio, and concentration – can identify many of these high-B/T discs to yield automated classifications that agree � 70 per cent with the visual classifications (> 90 per cent within one BC). Tests versus disc inclination indicate that both methods identify most face-on discs, but visually, features are lost in edge-on discs. Eighty per cent of face-on visual discs have features while few visual bulges do, strongly validating the visual classifications. Given the good agreement between the visual and automated methods, we believe that the automated method can be applied to a much larger sample with confidence. Both methods are used to study the bulge vs. disc frequency as a function of four measures of galaxy ‘size’: luminosity, stellar mass, velocity dispersion (σ), and radius (R). All size indicators show a fall in disc fraction and a rise in bulge fraction among larger galaxies.
Higher Spin Currents in the N=2 Stringy Coset Minimal Model

This study reconsidered the N=1 supersymmetric extension of the W_3 algebra which was studied previously. This extension consists of seven higher spin supercurrents (fourteen higher spin currents in the components) as well as the N=1 stress energy tensor of spins (3/2, 2). Thus far, the complete expressions for the higher spin currents have not been derived. This paper constructs them explicitly in both the c=4 eight free fermion model and the supersymmetric coset model based on (A_2^{(1)} \oplus A_2^{(1)}, A_2^{(1)})$ at level (3,k). By acting with the above spin-3/2 current on the higher spin-3 Casimir current, its fermionic partner, the higher spin-5/2 current, can be generated and combined as a first higher spin supercurrent with spins (5/2, 3). By calculating the operator product expansions (OPE) between the higher spin supercurrent and itself, the next two higher spin supercurrents can be generated with spins (7/2, 4) and (4, 9/2). Moreover, the other two higher spin supercurrents with spins (4, 9/2) and (9/2, 5) can be generated by calculating the OPE between the first higher spin supercurrent with spins (5/2, 3) and the second higher spin supercurrent with spins (7/2, 4). Finally, the higher spin supercurrents, (11/2, 6) and (6, 13/2), can be extracted from the right hand side of the OPE between the higher spin supercurrents, (5/2, 3) and (4, 9/2).
Modelling the multiwavelength light curves of PSR B1259−63/SS 2883

PSR B1259-63/SS 2883 is a binary system in which a 48-ms pulsar orbits around a Be star in a high eccentric orbit with a long orbital period of about 3.4 yr. Extensive broadband observational data are available for this system from radio band to very high energy (VHE) range. The multi-frequency emission is unpulsed and nonthermal, and is generally thought to be related to the relativistic electrons accelerated from the interaction between the pulsar wind and the stellar wind, where X-ray emission is from the synchrotron process and the VHE emission is from the inverse Compton (IC) scattering process. Here a shocked wind model with variation of the magnetization parameter σ is developed for explaining the observations. By choosing proper parameters, our model could reproduce two-peak profile in X-ray and TeV light curves. The effect of the disk exhibits an emission and an absorption components in the X-ray and TeV bands respectively. We suggest that some GeV flares will be produced by Doppler boosting the synchrotron spectrum. This model can possibly be used and be checked in other similar systems such as LS I+61 o 303 and LS 5039.
Teaching Social Marketing Using E-Service Learning Amidst Health and Humanitarian Crises: A Case Study from Lebanon

We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of an e-service learning course, “Social Marketing for Health Promotion”, offered to full-time and part-time students enrolled in the Master of Public Health at our institution. In a quasi-experimental trial, we introduced e-service learning in 2018, comparing a traditional face-to-face section to a blended course (33% online). Based on the positive feedback received, we progressively increased the online component in the following academic years, reaching 100% online in Fall 2020. We compared the quantitative and qualitative indicators evaluating three e-service learning-course iterations with a face-to-face control. The impact indicators included participation and engagement in the course, the attainment of the learning outcomes, satisfaction with the course, instructors and mode of delivery, and the impact of the experience beyond the classroom. Over the years, we trained 73 students whose engagement with the course remained relatively stable. The attainment of the learning outcomes and general course satisfaction steadily increased over time, demonstrating a positive impact on student learning. Qualitative data illustrate the importance of instructors in setting expectations and guiding students and community partners through a remote-learning process.
The linearity of quantum mechanics from the perspective of Hamiltonian cellular automata

We discuss the action principle and resulting Hamiltonian equations of motion for a class of integer-valued cellular automata introduced recently [1]. Employing sampling theory, these deterministic finite-difference equations are mapped reversibly on continuum equations describing a set of bandwidth limited harmonic oscillators. They represent the Schrödinger equation. However, modifications reflecting the bandwidth limit are incorporated, i.e., the presence of a time (or length) scale. When this discreteness scale is taken to zero, the usual results are obtained. Thus, the linearity of quantum mechanics can be traced to the postulated action principle of such cellular automata and its conservation laws to discrete ones. The cellular automaton conservation laws are in one-to-one correspondence with those of the related quantum mechanical model, while admissible symmetries are not.
Semisynthetic Derivatives of Pentacyclic Triterpenes Bearing Heterocyclic Moieties with Therapeutic Potential

Medicinal plants have been used by humans since ancient times for the treatment of various diseases and currently represent the main source of a variety of phytocompounds, such as triterpenes. Pentacyclic triterpenes have been subjected to numerous studies that have revealed various biological activities, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective effects, which can be employed in therapy. However, due to their high lipophilicity, which is considered to exert a significant influence on their bioavailability, their current use is limited. A frequent approach employed to overcome this obstacle is the chemical derivatization of the core structure with different types of moieties including heterocycles, which are considered key elements in medicinal chemistry. The present review aims to summarize the literature published in the last 10 years regarding the derivatives of pentacyclic triterpenes bearing heterocyclic moieties and focuses on the biologically active derivatives as well as their structure–activity relationships. Predominantly, the targeted positions for the derivatization of the triterpene skeleton are C-3 (hydroxyl/oxo group), C-28 (hydroxyl/carboxyl group), and C-30 (allylic group) or the extension of the main scaffold by fusing various heterocycles with the A-ring of the phytocompound. In addition, numerous derivatives also contain linker moieties that connect the triterpenic scaffold with heterocycles; one such linker, the triazole moiety, stands out as a key pharmacophore for its biological effect. All these studies support the hypothesis that triterpenoid conjugates with heterocyclic moieties may represent promising candidates for future clinical trials.
Roles of ZnT86D in Neurodevelopment and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease in a Drosophila melanogaster Model

Zinc is a fundamental trace element essential for numerous biological processes, and zinc homeostasis is regulated by the Zrt-/Irt-like protein (ZIP) and zinc transporter (ZnT) families. ZnT7 is mainly localized in the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and transports zinc into these organelles. Although previous studies have reported the role of zinc in animal physiology, little is known about the importance of zinc in the Golgi apparatus and ER in animal development and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we demonstrated that ZnT86D, a Drosophila ortholog of ZnT7, plays a pivotal role in the neurodevelopment and pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). When ZnT86D was silenced in neurons, the embryo-to-adult survival rate, locomotor activity, and lifespan were dramatically reduced. The toxic phenotypes were accompanied by abnormal neurogenesis and neuronal cell death. Furthermore, knockdown of ZnT86D in the neurons of a Drosophila AD model increased apoptosis and exacerbated neurodegeneration without significant changes in the deposition of amyloid beta plaques and susceptibility to oxidative stress. Taken together, our results suggest that an appropriate distribution of zinc in the Golgi apparatus and ER is important for neuronal development and neuroprotection and that ZnT7 is a potential protective factor against AD.
Low Power Environmental Image Sensors for Remote Photogrammetry

This paper aims to prove the feasibility of a 4D monitoring solution (3D modeling and temporal monitoring) for the sandbar and to characterize the species’ role in the landscape. The developed solution allows studying the interaction between the river dynamics and vegetation using a network of low resolution and low power sensors. The issues addressed concern the feasibility of implementing a photogrammetry solution using low-resolution sensors as well as the choice of the appropriate sensor and its testing according to different configurations (image capture and storage on the sensor and/or image transmission to a centralization node) and also the detailed analysis of the different phases of the process (camera initialization, image capture, network transmission and selection of the most appropriate standby mode). We reveal that the tiny, low-cost board (ESP32-Cam) can perform a 3D reconstruction and propose using the camera’s UXGA (1600, 1200) resolution because of the quality rendering and energy consumption. A multi-node scenario based on a combined Wi-Fi and GSM relay is proposed in the study showing several years of autonomy for the system. Finally, to illustrate the energy cost of the module, we have defined a study process, where we have identified and quantified one by one the different phases of operation of the card for better energy optimization (setup, camera configuration, shooting, saving on SD card, or sending by Wi-Fi). The device is now operational for deployment on the Allier River (France).