Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depression, Anxiety, Related Risk Factors and Cognitive Distortion in Korean Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Objective To evaluate the severity of depression, anxiety, associated risk factors, and cognitive distortion in Korean patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods This study included 369 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The severity of depression and anxiety was examined using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The Anxious Thoughts and Tendencies scale was used to measure catastrophizing tendency. Multivariate regression analyses were performed. Results The predictors of depression were marital status, anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) agent use, age, and body mass index in UC patients and marital status, disease activity, alcohol use, and employment status in CD patients. For anxiety, sex and marital status were the associated factors in UC patients, whereas steroid use was the only significant predictor in CD patients. Comparing the cognitive distortion level, there were no significant differences between UC and CD patients although there was an increasing tendency according to the severity of depression or anxiety. Conclusion If patients are accompanied by high levels of depression or anxiety and their associated risk factors including TNF-α agent or steroid use, it is recommended that not only symptoms are treated but also cognitive approach and evaluation be performed.
Conservation of species, processes and resources against the background of faunistic investigations of the forest canopy

We captured arthropods in three commercial forests with different degrees of naturalness and two unlogged forests (out of management for the past 20 and 90 years) in the Hienheimer Forst near Kelheim (Germany). We chose 39 trees (oak, beech, spruce and larch) using different trapping systems. Four of the captured taxa were determined to species (Colepotera, Araneae, Neuropteroidea and Heteroptera). The results indicate a strong dependence of beetle species diversity on the naturalness of the sites. This is mainly due to the great proportion of saproxylic beetles within the total amount of species.The number of spider species are comparable in natural and commercial forests. They mainly seem to depend on strucutral elements which are not necessarily correlated with the naturalness of a site.Also, the neuropteroids and true bugs do not exhibit any clear relationship to the naturalness of the sites. The species diversity in commercial broadleaf forests is comparable to that of the unlogged sites. The majority of the species are typical inhabitants of light and warm habitats and therefore bound to light-demanding tree species such as oak and larch.The results of the canopy traps show that the amount of species in commercial forests does not have to be less than that in nature forests, especially in mixed stands where oak is involved. Pure spruce stands, on the other hand, exhibit lower values for species diversity. But this is also true for unmixed beech forests, the natural vegetation unit for a large proportion of our landscapes.Consequently, the conservation of processes, i.e. focusing on the maximation of naturalness of our forests, interfers with the other possible goal of maximizing species diversity.For the maintainance and promotion of species diversity one should focus on using forest habitats in a way that ensures high diversity of tree species and structures. To take into account the demands of the protection of natural ressources one has to extend the visual angle as discussed in this article.The controversal results raise a lot of questions that demand further investigation. Predominantly this is the further exploration of our domestic commercial forests. Only a deeper insight into used systems can reveal which structures relevant to conservational issues those areas already carry and which are lacking. Observing conservational aspects in commercial forests is an important chance to secure important habitats on a large environmental scale that should not be missed.
CEO Tenure, CEO Compensation, Corporate Social and Environmental Performance in China: The Moderating Role of Coastal and Non-coastal Areas

This study uncovers a new finding on the impact of CEO tenure on corporate social and environmental performance (CS&EP) in coastal and non-coastal areas of China using fixed-effect panel data regression models. The Two-Stage Least Squares instrumental panel regression is used to validate the veracity of the empirical results. To this end, we extract data from all non-financial Chinese listed firms for the period of 2009 to 2015. By applying the multivariant framework, the findings of the study exhibit a negative and significant effect of CEO tenure on CS&EP. Moreover, this study shows that firms with head offices in coastal areas of China tend to weaken the negative impact of CEO tenure on CS&EP, indicating that CS&EP is more focused in coastal areas of China than non-coastal ones. The findings suggest that the increase in CEOs’ CS&EP in the early years of their service tenure tends to increase their compensation packages. This study is useful for policymakers to link CS&EP with firm economic practices to attain sustainable development objectives.
Caracterização biológica, molecular e análise da variabilidade genética de Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) em soja no Brasil

12 13 We report the molecular variability of eighteen isolates of Cowpea mild mottle 14 virus (CPMMV, Carlavirus genus, Betaflexiviridae family) infecting soybean fields of 15 different Brazilian states (Bahia, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais and 16 Pará) during the years of 2001 and 2010. The isolates showed a variety of symptoms in 17 soybean cv. CD206, ranging from mild (crinkle/blistering leaves, mosaic and vein 18 clearing) to severe (bud blight, dwarfism, leaves and stem necrosis). Recombination 19 analysis showed that only one CPMMV isolate had a recombinant portion among the 20 eighteen evaluated. Pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analysis were performed for 21 partial genomes (ORF2-3’terminus) and for each ORF individually (ORF2, 3, 4, 5 and 22 6), showing the isolates to be distinct. The phylogenetic tree did not show clustering 23 based on the year of collection or geographical origin; some groupings were based on 24 57 symptoms. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis made clear the existence of two 25 distinct strains of the virus, (CPMMV-BR1 and CPMMV-BR2), with molecular 26 variability between these. This is the first study of the molecular variability of CPMMV 27 and is the first time that a large number of CPMMV isolates have been sampled and 28 sequenced. 29 30 Introduction 31 32 Soybean stem necrosis disease is caused by the carlavirus Cowpea mild mottle 33 virus (CPMMV, Family Betaflexiviridae, Genus Carlavirus). Symptoms of viral 34 infection in soybean plants are variable and include bud blight, necrosis of stem and 35 petiole, dwarfism, mosaic and foliar deformation, with the presence of blisters [3]. The 36 genome of carlaviruses is composed of a single-stranded positive sense RNA molecule 37 (7.8-8.9 Kb) encapsidated in flexuous filamentous particles (10-15 x 650-700 nm) [3, 38 26, 28]. The non-segmented viral RNA possess a cap structure [ m7GpppG] linked to 39 the 5’-terminus region and a poly(A) tail at its 3′ -terminus. It contains usually six Open 40 Reading Frames (ORFs): ORF1 encodes the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 41 (RdRp); ORFs 2, 3 and 4 encode the triple gene block (TGB1-3), essential for virus 42 movement; ORF5 encodes the coat protein (CP); and ORF6 encodes a nucleic acid43 binding protein (NABP) containing a zinc finger motif [1, 31, 34]. Recently, a new 44 virus, the sweet potato C6 virus, was described, with genomic organization typical of the 45 genus Carlavirus, but without the ORF6 encoding the cysteine-rich protein. Instead a 46 predicted protein was found with no similarity to any known protein [14]. 47
Characteristics and Impacts of Sexual Violence Against Men and Boys in Conflict and Displacement: A Multicountry Exploratory Study

Evidence of sexual violence against men and boys in many conflict-affected settings is increasingly recognized. Yet relatively little is currently known about the varied forms, sites, and impacts of this violence. Further, scant research on sexual violence against men and boys in displacement contexts has been undertaken to date. To begin to address these knowledge gaps, we undertook a multicountry, qualitative, exploratory study to gain insights into these issues. Study settings and populations were Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh; refugees and migrants who had traveled through Libya residing in Italy; and refugees from eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Somalia, and South Sudan residing in Nairobi and Mombasa, Kenya. Methods included 55 semi-structured focus group discussions with 310 refugees and semi-structured key informant interviews with 148 aid workers and human rights experts. Data were thematically analyzed using NVivo 12. Findings suggest that sexual violence against men and boys may not be rare in Myanmar (northern Rakhine state), Libya, eastern DRC, and South Sudan. Frequently reported forms of violence in these settings were genital violence, forced witnessing of sexual violence, and rape. Sites where violence was often reported included border crossings, along the roadside, and during imprisonment. In host countries, forms of sexual violence included sexual abuse of boys, sexual exploitation particularly of adolescents and persons with diverse sexual orientation and gender identity, and rape. Impacts on survivors involved short- and long-term physical, mental, economic, and familial dimensions. These findings aim to inform sexual violence-related prevention, mitigation, and response efforts in humanitarian settings. More research is warranted, including on sexual violence against men and boys in Somalia, sexual violence by family and community members in conflict and displacement settings, sexual exploitation of adolescent boys, and sexual violence including sexual exploitation of persons with diverse sexual orientation and gender identity.
Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus-Specific IgG Cut-Offs for the Diagnosis of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Pakistan

Despite a high burden of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in Pakistan, Aspergillus-specific IgG testing is currently not available. Establishing cut-offs for Aspergillus-specific IgG for CPA diagnosis is crucial due to geographical variation. In settings such as Pakistan, where non-Aspergillus fumigatus (mainly A. flavus) Aspergillus species account for the majority of CPA cases, there is a need to explore additional benefit of Aspergillus flavus-specific IgG detection along with A. fumigatus-specific IgG detection. This study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan after ethical approval. Serum for IgG detection were collected after informed consent from healthy controls (n = 21), diseased controls (patients with lung diseases, n = 18), and CPA patients (n = 21). A. fumigatus and A. flavus IgG were detected using Siemens immulite assay. The sensitivity and specificity of A. fumigatus-specific IgG were 80.95% and 82.05%, respectively at a cut-off of 20 mg/L. The sensitivity and specificity of A. flavus-specific IgG were 80.95% and 79.49% at a cut-off of 30 mg/L. We report, for the first time, performance of A. flavus-specific IgG for CPA diagnosis. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the performance of both antigens, it seems contextually relevant to include A. flavus IgG in the CPA diagnostic algorithm in regions with higher non-A. fumigatus CPA infections.
Co-treatment of AMPA endocytosis inhibitor and GluN2B antagonist facilitate consolidation and retrieval of memory impaired by β amyloid peptide

Abstract Background Glutamate neurotransmission stands as an important issue to minimize memory impairment. We investigated the effects of an inhibitor of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isozazole propionic acid receptors (AMPA) endocytosis and GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDA), either isolated or combined, on memory impairments induced by Amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ). Methods Eighty male Wistar rats were used for two experiments of consolidation and retrieval of memory. Memory impairment was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ1-42 (2 μg/μl), and evaluated using Morris Water Maze (MWM). Each experiment consisted of 5 groups: Saline + Saline, Aβ + Saline, Aβ + Ifenprodil (Ifen, 3 nmol/ICV), Aβ +Tat-GluR23Y (3 µmol/kg/IP), and Aβ1 +Ifen + Tat-GluR23Y. Then, hippocampal cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) was measured by western blotting. Data were analyzed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA) repeated measure, and one-way Anova followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results During retrieval, Aβ+ Tat-GluR23Y showed significant improvement in total time spent (TTS) in the target quadrant (p = 0.009), escape latency to a platform (p = 0.008) and hippocampal level of CREB (p = 0.006) compared with Aβ + saline. Also, coadministration of Tat-GluR23Yand Ifen similar to Tat-GluR23Y alone caused significant improvement in TTS (p = 0.014) and latency to platform (p = 0.013). During consolidation, shorter escape latency (p = 0.001), longer TTS (p = 0.002) and higher level of hippocampal CREB were observed in the Aβ + Tat-GluR23Y (p = 0.001) and Aβ+ Tat-GluR23Y + Ifen (p = 0.017), respectively. Conclusion The present study provides pieces of evidence that inhibition of AMPARs endocytosis using Tat-GluR23Y facilitates memory consolidation and retrieval in Aβ induced memory impairment via the CREB signaling pathway. Graphical abstract
Origin of Water in Mantle Eclogites from the V. Grib Kimberlite Pipe, NW Russia

The water content in the garnet and clinopyroxene in the mantle eclogites from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe (Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province, NW Russia) was analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The results show that all clinopyroxene grains contained structural water at concentrations of 39 to 247 ppm, whereas two garnet samples contained detectable water at concentrations of 211 and 337 ppm. The low-MgO eclogites with oceanic gabbro precursors contained significantly higher water concentrations in the omphacites (70–247 ppm) and whole rock (35–224 ppm) compared to those with oceanic basalt protoliths (49–73 ppm and 20–36 ppm, respectively). The incorporation of water into the clinopyroxene may be associated with vacancies at the M2 site, Al in the tetrahedral position, and the elements that filled the M2 site (mostly Na and Ca). The highest water content in the omphacite was detected in a nonmetasomatised sample and was assumed to represent residual water that survived during subduction. Other eclogite samples showed signs of modal and/or cryptic metasomatism and contained less water in the omphacites compared to the nonmetasomatised sample. The water content was heterogeneous within the eclogite section of the sampled lithospheric mantle. The lack of distinct and uniform correlations between the indices of eclogite modification and their water content indicated that the saturation with water was disturbed during their residence within the lithospheric mantle.
The Escherichia coli motA Flagellar Gene as a Potential Integration Site for Large Synthetic DNA

Escherichia coli is used as a chassis for many synthetic biology applications. However, the limitations of maintaining recombinant plasmids extra-chromosomally include increased metabolic burden to the host, constant selective pressure, variable plasmid copy number and plasmid instability that leads to curing. Hence, to overcome these limitations, DNA constructs are integrated into the bacterial chromosome to allow stable control of copy number and to reduce the metabolic burden towards the surrogate host. Non-essential E. coli flagellar genes have been proposed as potential chromosomal insertion target sites. In this study, we validated and compared the efficiency of two loci, namely motA and flgG, as target sites for synthetic biology applications. To enable this comparison, a dual reporter strain (DRS) that utilises two reporter proteins, EforRED and Venus, was developed as a test case. Initially, a yellow reporter plasmid k14. 1_Venus was constructed and subsequently used as the plasmid backbone for the generation of two other plasmids, k14. 1_eforRED and pcat_Venus, required to build the dual reporter strain. In the DRS, the eforRED gene was inserted into flgG whereas motA was disrupted by Venus. This mutant strain was defective in motility (p<0.001) but growth rate was unaffected. The fluorescence emitted by Venus was higher (p<0.05) compared to EforRED, suggesting that motA is the better chromosomal target locus compared to flgG. Hence, this study proposes the use of E. coli motA as the site for chromosomal insertion for future synthetic biology applications.
Pleiotropic requirements for human TDP-43 in the regulation of cell and organelle homeostasis

Comprehensive analysis of human TDP-43 knockout cells revealed that TDP-43 regulates hundreds of transcripts and is critical for maintaining the homeostasis of multiple subcellular organelles. TDP-43 is an RNA-binding protein that forms cytoplasmic aggregates in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Although the loss of normal TDP-43 functions likely contributes to disease pathogenesis, the cell biological consequences of human TDP-43 depletion are not well understood. We, therefore, generated human TDP-43 knockout (KO) cells and subjected them to parallel cell biological and transcriptomic analyses. These efforts yielded three important discoveries. First, complete loss of TDP-43 resulted in widespread morphological defects related to multiple organelles, including Golgi, endosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and the nuclear envelope. Second, we identified a new role for TDP-43 in controlling mRNA splicing of Nup188 (nuclear pore protein). Third, analysis of multiple amyotrophic lateral sclerosis causing TDP-43 mutations revealed a broad ability to support splicing of TDP-43 target genes. However, as some TDP-43 disease-causing mutants failed to fully support the regulation of specific target transcripts, our results raise the possibility of mutation-specific loss-of-function contributions to disease pathology.
A Wearable Sensor System for Physical Ergonomics Interventions Using Haptic Feedback

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a major concern globally affecting societies, companies, and individuals. To address this, a new sensor-based system is presented: the Smart Workwear System, aimed at facilitating preventive measures by supporting risk assessments, work design, and work technique training. The system has a module-based platform that enables flexibility of sensor-type utilization, depending on the specific application. A module of the Smart Workwear System that utilizes haptic feedback for work technique training is further presented and evaluated in simulated mail sorting on sixteen novice participants for its potential to reduce adverse arm movements and postures in repetitive manual handling. Upper-arm postures were recorded, using an inertial measurement unit (IMU), perceived pain/discomfort with the Borg CR10-scale, and user experience with a semi-structured interview. This study shows that the use of haptic feedback for work technique training has the potential to significantly reduce the time in adverse upper-arm postures after short periods of training. The haptic feedback was experienced positive and usable by the participants and was effective in supporting learning of how to improve postures and movements. It is concluded that this type of sensorized system, using haptic feedback training, is promising for the future, especially when organizations are introducing newly employed staff, when teaching ergonomics to employees in physically demanding jobs, and when performing ergonomics interventions.
Combining Group-based Interventions for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators With Comorbid Substance Use: An Australian Study of Cross-sector Practitioner Views

The connection between intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and problematic alcohol and/ or other drug (AOD) use has been well established in public health, social work and criminology research. Despite the overwhelming evidence of the correlation between these two problem behaviors, service systems addressing these issues have historically done so in siloed approaches to practice. AOD interventions have frequently been criticized for a lack of IPV focused assessment and practice. Similarly, specialist IPV interventions generally do not address clients’ underlying risk factors, including problematic AOD use, through holistic intervention approaches. Suggestions to combine IPV and AOD focused interventions for men who use violence are often met with skepticism, raising questions around which sector could deliver a combined intervention approach and how different ideological standpoints in client work can and should be integrated into a combined framework. In this article, we examine the views of key stakeholders (n = 10) involved in the funding, development and/ or delivery of different service responses to men who use IPV in an Australian jurisdiction. Drawing on qualitative interview and focus group data, we explore their views around combined, group-based interventions, including the perceived need for such intervention models along with sector readiness and key considerations critical in informing the combining of IPV and AOD focused perpetrator interventions. Stakeholder findings identify the need for holistic responses to perpetrators of IPV with comorbid problematic AOD use. Further, findings provide guidance for funding bodies and community service providers considering combined, group-based interventions for perpetrators of IPV with comorbid problematic AOD use.
Constituents of Xerolekia speciosissima (L.) Anderb. (Inuleae), and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 7,10-Diisobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxythymyl Isobutyrate

Xerolekia speciosissima (L.) Anderb. , a rare plant from the north of Italy, is a member of the Inuleae-Inulinae subtribe of the Asteraceae. Despite its close taxonomic relationship with many species possessing medicinal properties, the chemical composition of the plant has remained unknown until now. A hydroalcoholic extract from the aerial parts of X. speciosissima was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MSn, revealing the presence of caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoids. In all, 19 compounds, including commonly found chlorogenic acids and less frequently occurring butyryl and methylbutyryl conjugates of dicaffeoylquinic and tricaffeoylhexaric acids, plus two flavonoids, were tentatively identified. Chromatographic separation of a hydroalcoholic extract from the capitula of the plant led to the isolation of (+)-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercimeritrin, astragalin, isoquercitrin, 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-β-glucoside, quercetagitrin, methyl caffeate, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Composition of a nonpolar extract from the aerial parts of the plant was analyzed by chromatographic methods supported with 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The analysis revealed the presence of loliolide, reynosin, samtamarine, 2,3-dihydroaromaticin, 2-deoxy-4-epi-pulchellin and thymol derivatives as terpenoid constituents of the plant. One of the latter compounds—7,10-diisobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxythymyl isobutyrate—at concentrations 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 μM, significantly reduced IL-8, IL-1β and CCL2 excretion by LPS-stimulated human neutrophils.