Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Submesoscale dynamics and transport properties in the Gulf of Mexico

Positively buoyant organisms such as the macroalgae Sargassum and the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium often form surface accumulations visible in satellite imagery that have lateral scale separation of tens of kilometers and cannot be explained by Langmuir circulation. Here we discuss the accumulation of floating materials in the ocean in presence of mesoand submesoscale activity. Using high resolution simulations of the ocean mesoscale in both idealized (a 3-D box where coherent eddies are forced by small-scale winds) and realistic domains (western Gulf of Mexico), where extensive concentrations of floating Sargassum have been recorded in satellite images, we show that the distribution of tracers at ocean surface departs rapidly from the one observed few tens of meters below it. Such distribution does not resemble that observed for passive tracers in quasi-geostrophic turbulence.
Depression and perceived stress among perinatal women living with HIV in Nigeria

Background Pregnancy and postpartum periods are crucial stages for women’s mental health, and women living with HIV are particularly susceptible to depression and psychological stress due to various factors. This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of depression and perceived stress among women living with HIV during their perinatal period in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in three HIV treatment centers in Ibadan, Nigeria, among women living with HIV between the ages of 19 and 49 who were either pregnant or had given birth within the last 2 years. The study was conducted from September 2022 to December 2022. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the participants. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained, and data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 26. Results The study included 402 participants, of whom 69.0 and 78.0% reported symptoms of depression and perceived stress, respectively. However, 15.2% of the participants have comorbid depression and stress. Positive partner status was significantly associated with lower perceived depression, while gestational age between 29 and 40 weeks was significantly associated with lower perceived stress. The co-occurrence of depression and perceived stress was associated with partner status, income level, family support, gestational age, and years on antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion The high prevalence of depression, perceived stress, and their co-occurrence among women living with HIV during the perinatal period call for incorporating mental health care into routine maternal healthcare for all women, particularly those living with HIV. This finding emphasizes the need for public health efforts to prioritize perinatal mental health and improve access to care and support for women and their partners.
Chroogomphus rutilus Regulates Bone Metabolism to Prevent Periodontal Bone Loss during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Osteoporotic Rats

Osteoporosis (OP) leads to the acceleration of tooth movement and aggravation of periodontal bone loss during orthodontic treatment. Chroogomphus rutilus (CR) is abundant in nutrients and demonstrates remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, the components of CR, including 35.00% total sugar, 0.69% reducing sugar, 14.40% crude protein, 7.30% total ash, 6.10% crude fat, 0.51% total flavonoids, 1.94% total triterpenoids, 0.32% total sterol, 1.30% total saponins, 1.69% total alkaloids, and 1.02% total phenol, were first systematically examined, followed by an investigation into its regulatory effects on bone metabolism in order to mitigate bone loss during orthodontic tooth movement in osteoporotic rats. The results of the imaging tests revealed that CR treatment reduced periodontal bone loss and normalized tooth movement in the OP. In conjunction with analyses of intestinal flora and metabolomics, CR enhances the prevalence of anti-inflammatory genera while reducing the production of inflammatory metabolites. Meanwhile, CR reduced the levels of periodontal inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and promoted periodontal bone formation. These findings imply that CR is a potent supplementary therapy for controlling periodontal bone remodeling in patients with OP undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Deliberate Self-Poisoning with Plants in Southeastern France, a Poison Center 20-Year Report

Introduction: In a few regions of the globe, deliberate botanical intoxication may induce significant rates of toxicity and fatality. The objective of this report was to describe plant self-intoxication using the experiences of the southeastern France poison control center (PCC) between 2002 and 2021. Results: During those 20 years, 262 deliberate plants poisonings were reported involving 35 various plants. In most of the cases, poisoning was caused by Nerium oleander (n = 186, 71%), followed by the Datura genus (4.2%), Ricinus communis (3.8%), Taxus baccata (1.9%), Digitalis purpurea (1.2%), Aconitum nape (1.9%), Myristica fragans (1.5%), and Pyracantha coccine (1.2%). Through the 262 plants poisonings, 19 patients among the 186 Nerium oleander poisonings received Digifab as an antidote and 1 patient received physostigmine among the 11 Datura poisonings. Only four deaths were reported for this review, each involving Nerium oleander. Discussion: The first involved species was Nerium oleander (71% of all plants poisonings), then Datura sp and Ricinus communis. It is explained by this native local species’ important repartition. Most patients must be admitted to an emergency department for adapted medical care; however, only 41 of them described severe poisonings symptoms. Even fewer needed an antidote, only 20 patients. There is no protocol for the use of a specific treatment, and it might be interesting to develop one for this purpose. Material and Methods: This retrospective review was realized with files managed by the southeastern France PCC based in Marseille from 2002 to 2021. Our department covers the complete French Mediterranean coast, Corsica, and tropical islands (Reunion Island, Mayotte). For every patient, toxicity was evaluated using the Poison Severity Score (PSS).
Outcomes of autoclaved banana leaf use as a skin care measure for the erosions of vesiculobullous disease and SJS/TEN patients: a retrospective observational study

Background: Vesiculobullous diseases and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are characterized by extensive skin and mucosal erosion. Regular dressing changes are important for facilitating early reepithelization of skin erosion. Traditional dressing materials are expensive and often uncomfortable for patients. Autoclaved banana leaf has been suggested as an alternative dressing material, but there is limited scientific literature on its use in these conditions. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital in Odisha, India, between January 2018 and April 2019. A total of 48 patient’s medical records with a diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, Bullous pemphigoid, SJS, and TEN, who used autoclaved banana leaf spread on bed and /or as a dressing were analyzed. Among them, only 32 patients did not develop secondary bacterial infections within 72 hours of hospitalization and were included in the study. Patient demographics, skin infections, hospital stay duration, and perceived pain during dressing change were recorded. Results: Thirty-two patients’ medical records were analyzed. The average age was 37.65 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.5:1. The average hospital stay for vesiculobullous diseases was 26.23 days and 15.20 days for SJS/TEN. Only 11 patients had objective pain assessments before and after the use of autoclaved banana leaf. One patient (3.12%) developed a lung infection and septicemia, which resulted in mortality. Conclusion: Autoclaved banana leaf spread on bed and/or dressing is a safe and effective dressing material for vesiculobullous diseases and SJS/TEN patients with extensive skin erosions. Its use significantly reduces pain during dressing and the risk of bacterial infection. However, caution is advised in cases of existing infections due to the potential spread of infection to eroded areas of skin through exudates collected on the banana leaf surface. Further research is needed to validate these findings and optimize the use of autoclaved banana leaf in clinical practice.
Neurosteroids as stress modulators and neurotherapeutics: Neurosteroids as stress modulators and neurotherapeutics: Lessons from the retina Lessons from the retina

Neurosteroids are rapidly emerging as important new therapies in neuropsychiatry, with one such agent, brexanolone, already approved for treatment of postpartum depression, and others on the horizon. These steroids have unique properties, including neuroprotective effects that could benefit a wide range of brain illnesses including depression, anxiety, epilepsy, and neurodegeneration. Over the past 25 years, our group has developed ex vivo rodent models to examine factors contributing to several forms of neurodegeneration in the retina. In the course of this work, we have developed a model of acute closed angle glaucoma that involves incubation of ex vivo retinas under hyperbaric conditions and results in neuronal and axonal changes that mimic glaucoma. We have used this model to determine neuroprotective mechanisms that could have therapeutic implications. In particular, we have focused on the role of both endogenous and exogenous neurosteroids in modulating the effects of acute high pressure. Endogenous allopregnanolone, a major stress-activated neurosteroid in the brain and retina, helps to prevent severe pressure-induced retinal excitotoxicity but is unable to protect against degenerative changes in ganglion cells and their axons under hyperbaric conditions. However, exogenous allopregnanolone, at a pharmacological concentration, completely preserves retinal structure and does so by combined effects on gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors and stimulation of the cellular process of macroautophagy. Surprisingly, the enantiomer of allopregnanolone, which is inactive at gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, is equally retinoprotective and acts primarily via autophagy. Both enantiomers are also equally effective in preserving retinal structure and function in an in vivo glaucoma model. These studies in the retina have important implications for the ongoing development of allopregnanolone and other neurosteroids as therapeutics for neuropsychiatric illnesses.
Unraveling the Enigma: Exploring Varied Perspectives on Concrete-Abstract Word Contrasts

The paper delves into the complex and multifaceted nature of the concrete-abstract word contrast, examining various theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence. While the context availability theory underscores the importance of contextual knowledge, it encounters challenges in light of contradictory findings, particularly the greater right hemisphere activation for concrete words. Dual coding theory suggests that both concrete and abstract words rely on verbal information, with concrete words benefiting from additional imagistic content. However, the reverse concreteness effect, favoring abstract words, emerges when controlling for context and imageability. The affective embodiment account highlights the role of emotion in facilitating abstract words, but this too faces scrutiny as valence and abstractness prove separable. Notwithstanding inconsistencies, left hemisphere and rACC activation seem critical for encoding both word types. The paper underscores the need for future research to account for methodological variations, including factors like imageability and concreteness, participations encoding strategies and age of acquisition. It also encourages a deeper exploration of the role of emotion under controlled conditions and the identification of additional factors influencing the concrete-abstract word distinction. In sum, the paper calls for a more comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay of variables contributing to this linguistic contrast.
Breaking the Cycle of Abuse and Closing the Housing Gap: A Mixed Methods Community-Based Study on Second-Stage Shelters

This Canadian study investigates second-stage shelters, a type of transitional housing for survivors of intimate partner violence. Data collection included an online survey and semi-structured interviews. The survey was completed with 97 responses by executive directors of second-stage shelters from every province and territory. Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with executive directors and current and former residents of second-stage shelters in five provinces and territories across Canada. The results indicate that these shelters provide many benefits to survivors, but operate in a challenging context of chronic underfunding, which affects their capacity to maintain their programming and staffing. This study contributes to the small body of research on transitional supportive housing, providing new insights into how second-stage shelters help survivors meet their individual goals and into the role played by these shelters in the continuum of supports for women and children fleeing violence.
Lower Jurassic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of Podpeč Limestone (External Dinarides, Slovenia)

The “Podpe~ limestone” outcropping south of Ljubljana (Central Slovenia), deposited at the northern edge of the Dinaric Carbonate Platform, comprises mostly dark grey and black thick bedded oolitic limestone, and is renowned for several horizons of lithiotid bivalves. Foraminifera, especially Orbitopsella spp. , are rather frequent, but no detailed distribution of foraminiferal taxa was given. Furthermore, documentation of foraminiferal species is scarce, with few photographs. In order to give a comprehensive picture of foraminiferal assemblage of the “Podpe~ limestone” and its distribution, three sections were measured in detail and sampled. The foraminiferal assemblage consists of 17 species, described in detail. On the basis of foraminifera, the investigated part of the “Podpe~ limestone” belongs to the Lituosepta recoarensis and Orbitopsella praecursor biozones of early Late Sinemurian and Early Pliensbachian age, respectively.
A Comprehensive 16-Year Analysis of National Center for Health Statistics Data on the Top Three Causes of Death Before Age 75 by Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin

Objective: This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive 16-year analysis of years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to leading causes of death in the United States, focusing on disparities by sex, race/ethnicity, and specific causes of death using the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) data. Methods: Data from the NCHS spanning 2000-2016 were included. Age-adjusted YPLL rates per 100,000 population were analyzed, stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, and leading causes of death, including malignant neoplasms, heart disease, and cerebrovascular diseases. Results: Over 16 years, the total YPLL rate was 7,036.2 per 100,000 population. Males had a higher YPLL rate (8,852.5 per 100,000) than females (5,259.9 per 100,000). Among racial/ethnic groups, Black/African Americans had the highest YPLL rate (10,896.8 per 100,000), followed by American Indian/Alaska Natives (7,310.0 per 100,000), Hispanics/Latinos (5,256.8 per 100,000), and Asians/Pacific Islanders (3,279.7 per 100,000). Leading causes included malignant neoplasms (1,451.6 per 100,000), heart diseases (1,055.4 per 100,000), and cerebrovascular diseases (182.3 per 100,000). Conclusion: This analysis spanning 16 years highlights notable disparities in YPLL rates among different demographic groups. These differences are evident in the YPLL rates for males, which are higher than those for females. The YPLL rate is most pronounced among Black/African Americans, followed by American Indian/Alaska Natives, Hispanics/Latinos, and Asians/Pacific Islanders. The primary contributors to YPLL are malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing these disparities to enhance public health outcomes and mitigate the premature loss of life. Despite progress, disparities persist, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and further research.
The Effectiveness of Unconventional Monetary Policy (UMP) on Financial Markets in Indonesia and Malaysia during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract: This paper discusses the effectiveness of unconventional monetary policy (UMP) on financial markets, includes the exchange rate and stock return index in Indonesia and Malaysia during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using announcements issued by the central banks of Indonesia and Malaysia as a benchmark for changes of yield curve in response to UMP, the effectiveness of UMP on exchange rates and stock return index is estimated using the sign and zero restriction VAR. As a result, UMP is effective on exchange rates in Indonesia and Malaysia, but it is not effective on stock return index in those two countries.
Discourse Analysis of Directive Speech Acts Used by Teachers in Classroom Interactions

This study investigates the types of directive speech acts employed by English teachers in online classroom interaction with their students. In addition, the study details the frequency with which teachers in the third grade of SD IT Widya Cendekia use directive speech acts in the context of online learning and classroom interactions. As a descriptive research method, this analysis was designed. The information gleaned from the English class video recording through the Microsoft team application as a learning tool. According to Yule's theory of directive speech act, video recordings were used to capture data for analysis. The study employed Miles and Huberman (1994) qualitative approach to data analysis. According to the findings of this study of teachers' use of directive speech acts in online learning contexts, only 7 of 62 directive utterances were classified as commands, nine as requests, two as suggestions, two as invites, and one as a warning. Besides, the request kind of directive is employed by English teachers in online classroom interactions at a significantly higher frequency than any other form of directive speech acts.
English Education Students' Thesis Abstracts Error Analysis

Over the last decades, applied linguistics and language teaching/learning have investigated language errors committed by learners for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Initially, error analysis was conducted manually and involved a limited number of corpus. However, computer software advancement has facilitated much larger amounts of data analysis. This study aimed at analyzing the errors identified in undergraduate thesis abstracts written by 28 students of an English Education study program in Jakarta. Data were analyzed using UAM Corpus Tool. The results show that, successively, the types of errors most frequently committed in the corpus are: (1) grammatical errors; (2) phrasing errors; and (3) punctuation errors; while the rarest errors are pragmatic errors and lexical errors. These findings indicate that the students need to improve their mastery of grammatical rules, ability to prevent their first language interference, and skills to use correct punctuation to empower them to write more effective thesis abstracts.
The Effectiveness of Gamification in Physical Education: A Systematic Review

The development of digital technology in leaps and bounds has resulted in offering different learning options and alternatives in physical education. In this regard, technology techniques, like gamification, have been utilized in several areas of education, leading to the identification of its several usage benefits. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies concerning how gamification would enhance students' skills in physical education. Therefore, this study systematically reviews gamification in the physical education literature from 2015 to 2022, focusing on 27 indexed papers published in international databases. Based on the results, most studies had positive findings on gamification effectiveness in physical education samples. Besides, based on the findings, gamification studies primarily focused on how physical skills can be enhanced among physical education students. The findings contribute to the way technology enhances students’ skills in physical education. To this end, more studies are required to mitigate the remaining gaps in gamification literature.
The Status and Development of Land Subsidence in Beijing Plain

Beijing Plain has become one of the serious land subsidence regions in China.The loses of urban planning and construction in Beijing caused by land subsidence has been increasing obviously,which attracted society and government attention.This paper describes the status of land subsidence in Beijing Plain from subsidence rate、accumulative total volume of land subsidence and regional extensions of land subsidence,forecasts the development trend and conducts relevant proposals for follow-up work.