Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Probe into the Extraversion and L2 Pronunciation Relationship

profi-ciency. They shared an additional number of variables such as age (range: 18–19 years), age of onset of L2 (English) learning (6–7 years) and experience/training in this L2 (the same type of English instruction in the formal setting of Slovak schools with a focus on grammar-based instruction, comparable amounts of experience in English-speaking environments). Five native English control subjects (3 American – 2 male [I, II], 1 female [III]; 2 British – 1 male [IV], 1 female [V]) were asked to auditorily evaluate the English texts produced by each of the 75 speakers using the equal-appearing interval 5-point scale (5 – very good pronunciation; 1 – poor pronunciation). The raters were English native speakers more or less experienced in ELT (English language teaching) who had lived in Slovakia for several months. As none of the participants were professional linguists, major differences in theoretical knowledge especially about English phonetics were improbable. An average rating was obtained for each speaker and the variable “English phonic competence“ (EPC) was com-A The study assessed the relation between the overall degree of the perceived foreign accent in non-natives’ English speech and some personal variables which include global factors (extraversion, anxiety, tough-mindedness, independence, self-control) and contributing primary factors, extraversion being the focus of our attention. Five native speakers of English were asked to auditorily evaluate the samples of free English speech produced by each of 75 non-native speakers using the equal-appearing interval 5-point scale. The 10-point scale was used to rate each of the personality variables for non-native speakers and the interclass correlation coefficients were calculated to identify the relevant predictors of L2 pronunciation quality.
Wolf’s Isotopic Response of Eosinophilic Dermatitis After Herpes Zoster Infection: Case Reports and Literature Review

Abstract Wolf’s post-zoster isotopic response refers to the occurrence of an unrelated new skin disorder at the same site of a healed skin lesion. Mechanism of this dermatological phenomena after herpes zoster infection remains unclear. In this study, we present three rare cases of eosinophilic dermatitis following herpes zoster infection. Erythematous infiltrative plaques or scattered red papules were found in all patients after remission of a previous herpetic infection. Skin biopsy revealed dermal perivascular eosinophilic infiltration, which was histologically confirmed as eosinophilic dermatitis. Based on the clinical timeline and histopathological characteristics, we supposed that the secondary lesion to be an isotopic response of Wolf. Skin lesion in one of the current patients overlapped with her tattoo, suggesting that tattoos might also predispose patients to post-zoster isotopic events. Topical corticosteroid was applied and all patients achieved remission. We also summarize the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics of the post-zoster eosinophilic dermatitis based on review of previous literature focusing on Wolf’s isotopic response and secondary inflammatory dermatological disorders.
How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health

Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produced protein foods to complement traditional dietary protein sources. To meet this need, a broad range of non-traditional protein foods are under active investigation. The aim of this review was to evaluate their potential effects on human health and to identify knowledge gaps, potential risks, and research opportunities. Non-traditional protein sources included are algae, cereals/grains, fresh fruit and vegetables, insects, mycoprotein, nuts, oil seeds, and legumes. Human, animal, and in vitro data suggest that non-traditional protein foods have compelling beneficial effects on human health, complementing traditional proteins (meat/poultry, soy, eggs, dairy). Improvements in cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism, muscle synthesis, and glycaemic control were the most frequently reported improvements in health-related endpoints. The mechanisms of benefit may arise from their diverse range of minerals, macro- and micronutrients, dietary fibre, and bioactive factors. Many were also reported to have anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activity. Across all protein sources examined, there is a strong need for quality human data from randomized controlled intervention studies. Opportunity lies in further understanding the potential effects of non-traditional proteins on the gut microbiome, immunity, inflammatory conditions, DNA damage, cognition, and cellular ageing. Safety, sustainability, and evidence-based health research will be vital to the development of high-quality complementary protein foods that enhance human health at all life stages.
Aspirations Are Not Enough: Barriers to Educational Attainment for Youth Involved with Child Welfare

Children of families involved with child welfare services are considered high-risk and are vulnerable to developing problems in a number of domains. In particular, educational achievement among this population tends to be lower relative to general population peers. The goal of this qualitative study was to understand the educational aspirations and subsequent pathways of young adults with former child welfare involvement. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven young adults (mean age of 31 years) from Ontario, Canada about their educational aspirations in high school and factors that served as facilitators and obstacles to their achievement. The results indicate youth had high hopes and dreams for their future in high school. However, complex challenges impeded the realization of these dreams. Although all seven participants initiated post-secondary programs, only one reached successful completion. None of the young adults achieved the educational and occupational dreams they had in high school. Nevertheless, returning to school remains a prominent future goal for most participants. Despite significant challenges and unrealized educational aspirations, youth with child welfare experiences continue to place high value on education in inspiring hope and optimism for the future. Addressing barriers to educational achievement for youth with child welfare involvement remains an important focus to help educational aspirations become a reality.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, and Compassion Satisfaction in Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review of the Literature Published during the First Year of the Pandemic

This literature review aimed to determine the level of burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction, as well as their associated risks and protective factors, in healthcare professionals during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We reviewed 2858 records obtained from the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, and finally included 76 in this review. The main results we found showed an increase in the rate of burnout, dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and compassion fatigue; a reduction in personal accomplishment; and levels of compassion satisfaction similar to those before the pandemic. The main risk factors associated with burnout were anxiety, depression, and insomnia, along with some sociodemographic variables such as being a woman or a nurse or working directly with COVID-19 patients. Comparable results were found for compassion fatigue, but information regarding compassion satisfaction was lacking. The main protective factors were resilience and social support.
Prediction of academic performance based on learning style and critical thinking among medical students

This study aimed to understand the medical sciences students’ critical thinking (CT) and their learning styles and investigate the relationship between academic performance and the both mentioned variables. A descriptive analytical study was conducted on 469 medical sciences students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences using the Kolb's learning styles and California's CT skills test (Form-B). Cumulative grade point average was considered as academic performance. The data were analyzed with SPSS 18 and using Chi Square test, Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation test with a significant level of 𝑝 < 0.05 . The mean of academic performance was 15.9 ± 1.7 . The popular learning style among students was assimilative style. Results showed significant relationship between academic performance and learning style. Significant relationship between academic performances of students with the total CT skills was not found, but significant relationship was seen between academic performance and deductive skill only. Learning styles changed in different semesters among medicine and dentistry students from an abstract-reflexive style to a concrete-active one. Using appropriate, active and collaborative teaching methods can help to improve learning and students' academic performance.
Accident and emergency radiological interpretation using the Radiographer Opinion Form (ROF)

The red dot system of radiographer opinion giving about the result of an x-ray examination in the accident and emergency (A and E) department has been around for about 15 years in various forms. However, it does not require that the radiographer accurately identify the site and nature of the suspected pathology. In developing a study to measure the ability of radiographers to interpret plain A and E radiographs a new data collection instrument was successfully used, the Radiographer Opinion Form (ROF). The ROF allows radiographers to indicate firstly whether they suspect a pathology or not, and secondly what they the suspected pathology is in their opinion. In a study of 820 A and E cases undertaken at the John Hunter Hospital (JHH) using the ROF radiographers had an overall accuracy of 93 per cent in identifying the presence or absence of pathology compared to the 100 per cent gold standard of the radiologists' reports. Even taking into account a positive selection bias recognised in the study this was comparably with results found in previous studies both in Australia and overseas. The radiographers performed better in less complex anatomical regions, such as the upper extremity (96.3 per cent), compared to other examinations like the chest (90.7 per cent) and the abdomen (87.5 per cent), where the anatomy is more complex and the differential diagnosis is more varied. The ROF proved a useful research tool, however, it may also have valuable clinical applications as a means of conveying the radiographers opinion about suspected abnormalities to referring doctors in the first instance, and ultimately to the reporting radiologists. (author abstract)
Herd Prevalence Estimation of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Burden in the Three Main Dairy Production Regions of Germany (PraeMAP)

Simple Summary Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is widely spread among ruminants worldwide. After a long-lasting incubation period, infected animals suffer from chronic granulomatous enteritis. Economic losses are caused by premature culling, reduced milk yield and slaughter value in the dairy and beef industry, triggering attempts to control the disease. Paratuberculosis is a listed disease (category E), according to the European Animal Health Law, and intended to be monitored within the European Union. Evaluation of several herd-level monitoring approaches including the testing of environmental fecal samples to detect the infectious agent have been evaluated, proving environmental sampling to be a useful monitoring tool on herd level. This study comprises the application of environmental sampling within a herd prevalence estimation study in German dairy herds. Based on regional differences in the structure of livestock farming, Germany was divided into three regions where a representative number of farms were visited for sample collection. The results clearly indicate a different regional MAP herd level prevalence. The highest percentage of affected herds is found in the eastern part with large dairy herds, and the lowest in the south with the smallest average herd size. We conclude that the regional differences in MAP prevalence imply different approaches to control the disease. Abstract On-farm environmental sampling is an effective method for herd-level diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection and between-herd prevalence estimation. So far, no prevalence study enrolling important livestock-farming regions has been conducted. As the structure of dairy farming differs between main livestock-farming regions in Germany, our objective was to assess the between-herd prevalence of paratuberculosis for these regions in a standardized approach. Methods: In total, 457 randomly selected dairy farms from three regions of Germany (North: 183, East: 170, South: 104) were sampled between 2017 and 2019. Environmental samples (boot-swabs, aggregate feces and/or liquid manure samples) were cultured and analyzed using an IS900-qPCR for MAP determination. Of the 457 selected farms, 94 had at least one MAP-positive environmental sample with significant differences between regions regarding the apparent (North: 12.0%, East: 40.6%, South: 2.9%) or corrected true (North: 14.8%, East: 50.1%, South: 3.6%) between-herd prevalence. In conclusion, regional differences of between-herd prevalence of paratuberculosis are substantial in Germany, indicating the need for control approaches with different aims. Taking into account regional MAP prevalence, MAP-control programs should focus on on-farm prevalence reduction or on mitigating the risk of between-herd transmission, depending on region.
Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction, Antioxidant and Renal Protective Effects of Polysaccharides from Spores of Cordyceps cicadae

The aim of this study was to investigate the aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE), in vitro antioxidant, and in vivo renal protective effects of polysaccharides from spores of Cordyceps cicadae (CCSPs). The optimal ATPE parameters were as follows: an extraction temperature of 61 °C, an ammonium sulfate concentration of 18%, an ethanol concentration of 40%, a liquid-to-material ratio of 33 mL/g, and an extraction time of 60 min. Under these parameters, the CCSPs yield was 6.96 ± 0.11% (n = 3), which was consistent with the predicted yield (6.92%). Among the three purified polysaccharide fractions, CCSP-2 displayed stronger scavenging activities against DPPH radicals and hydroxyl radicals, reducing power and ferrous-ion-chelating ability to a greater extent than CCSP-1 and CCSP-3. CCSP-2 exhibited its protective effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic acute kidney injury (AKI) mice by significantly alleviating renal edema; reducing 24 h urine protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (SCr); inhibiting the release of serum proinflammatory cytokines; boosting the activities of antioxidant enzymes; and reducing the levels of oxidative damage products. These results suggest that CCSP-2 exerted its protective effect against LPS-induced septic AKI in mice through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways.
Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Test of Infant Motor Performance to Colombian Spanish

Introduction: There has been growing interest in recent years in the cross-cultural adaptation of measuring instruments for various conditions treated by physiotherapy. Validation of an instrument within a target language and culture creates a final version that is conceptually and linguistically adapted to the context but remains valid and reliable. This paper describes the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) from us English to Colombian Spanish. This was performed in accordance with international methodological guidelines. Materials and methods: A group of trained translators and field experts participated in the five stages presented herein. These stages were translation and adaptation of the instrument to Colombian Spanish, validation of its content and appearance, back-translation, revision by the original author, and, finally, a pilot test. Results: The existence of two intralingual translated and revised versions of this instrument led to a more appropriate preliminary version from conceptual, discursive, and terminological perspectives. Therefore, the adjustments made in the first stage were primarily semantic. During the second stage, field experts positively assessed the translated version and suggested adjustments to grammar, spelling, and word choices. There were no significant discursive problems during the back-translation stageso conceptual and terminological adjustments were minor. The revision stage and the pilot test weresatisfactory. Conclusion: This translation and cross-cultural adaptation was successful. The ColombianSpanish version of the measure was culturally relevant and used appropriate language, yet remained a valid and reliable tool.
The Effect of Asthma and Acute Respiratory Infections in Childhood on Educational Attainment in Indonesia

Asthma and Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is one of the mostchronic respiratory diseases children suffer. According to the GlobalInitiative for Asthma (GINA) in 2018, the prevalence rate ofasthma is between 1-18 percent of the total population in eachcountry. This study aims to analyze the effect of childhood-asthmaand ARI history on educational attainment. We use data fromIndonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 1993 and 2014. TheOrdinary Least Square (OLS) regression method was used to assessthat effect. The results indicate childhood-asthma and ARI historydo not affect a person’s educational attainment in adulthood.How to Cite:Widodo, Shelby D. , & Azis, Muhammad K. , (2022). The Effect of Asthma and Acute Respiratory Infections in Childhood On Educational Attainment In Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 11(1), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v11i1. 13549.
Antibiotic Exposure, Common Morbidities and Main Intestinal Microbial Groups in Very Preterm Neonates: A Pilot Study

Prematurity exposes newborns to increased risks of infections and it is associated with critical morbidities. Preterm infants often require antibiotic therapies that can affect the correct establishment of gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate targeted intestinal bacteria in preterm neonates with common morbidities and receiving antibiotic treatments of variable duration. Stool samples were collected after birth, at 15, 30 and 90 days of life. qPCR quantification of selected microbial groups (Bifidobacterium spp., Bacteroides fragilis group, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridium cluster I and total bacteria) was performed and correlation between their levels, the duration of antibiotic treatment and different clinical conditions was studied. An increasing trend over time was observed for all microbial groups, especially for Bifdobacterium spp. Prolonged exposure to antibiotics in the first weeks of life affected Clostridium and B. fragilis levels, but these changes no longer persisted at 90 days of life. Variations of bacterial counts were associated with the length of hospital stay, feeding and mechanical ventilation. Late-onset sepsis and patent ductus arteriosus reduced the counts of Bifidobacterium, whereas B. fragilis was influenced by compromised respiratory conditions. This study can be a start point for the identification of microbial biomarkers associated with some common morbidities and tailored strategies for a healthy microbial development.
Protection of airport facilities through radio frequency transparent fences: the SAS project

Nowadays structural design of critical infrastructure cannot be conducted without considering high dynamic loads, which could be induced by man-made malicious actions or natural events. As a consequence, these actions represent a fundamental aspect that influences design of infrastructures and its protection facilities. This issue is surely important in airport structures design, where protection is a primary issue. In December 2006 AMRA, an Italian research centre, with the cooperation of University ”Federico II” of Naples and other technical partners, started the SAS (Security of Airport Structures) project, focusing on this critical topic. End user partner of the project was ENAV, the Italian agency for air traffic control. This is a pilot project with the financial support of European Commission – Directorate General Justice, Freedom and Security, through EPCIP 2006 (European Programme for Critical Infrastructures Protection). The main objective of the project is to study structural systems, like barriers or fences, to protect critical airport infrastructures, as VOR stations, against man-made disruptions. Moreover, these particular elements are required to be transparent to particular radio frequencies to avoid disturbing communications. To obtain high structural performances without interfering with RF airport communications, it is planned that composite elements will be used. A precast solution will be designed to reduce costs of excavation and on site concrete pumping. Structural models will be built to simulate the conditions induced by malicious external actions and the results will be validated by blast tests performed on real elements. Radio frequency transparency of these structures will be also investigated through numerical models and specimens will be tested, to perform electromagnetic characterization at the frequencies of interest.
Chemical Fingerprinting, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Hydroethanolic Extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum

In the current study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of hydroethanolic extract of T. foenum-graecum seeds was evaluated. Phenolic profiling of T. foenum-graecum was conducted through high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) as well as through the mass spectrometry technique to characterize compounds responsible for bioactivity, which confirmed almost 18 compounds, 13 of which were quantified through a chromatographic assay. In vitro antioxidant analysis of the extract exhibited substantial antioxidant activities with the lowest IC50 value of both DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) inhibition assays. The extract was found to be non-toxic against human RBCs and murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, the extract significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), intrlukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The hydroethanolic extract of T. foenum-graecum exhibited considerable anti-inflammatory potential by decreasing the cellular infiltration to the inflammatory site in both carrageenan-induced peritonitis and an air pouch model of inflammation. Pretreatment with T. foenum-graecum extract caused significant improvement in antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT (catalase), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) against oxidative stress induced by carrageenan. Based on our results of in vivo and in vitro experimentation, we concluded that hydroethanolic extract of T. foenum-graecum is a potential source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.