Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security-Constrained Coordinated Power Scheduling Method Considering New Types of Flexible Resources

The problem of ‘duck curve’ due to the high penetration of renewable energy brings great challenges to the operation of power systems. The conflicts between renewable energy utilization and power supply sufficiency are difficult to balance effectively. In this paper, new types of flexible resources are considered in system scheduling, offering a potential solution to alleviate the conflicts in the ‘duck curve’ problem. Firstly, the operation characteristics of thermal power units with flexibility retrofits, energy storage devices, power-to-hydrogen (P2H) units, and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) tie-lines are analyzed in detail. Then, considering system-level constraints, especially the security constraints, a multi-resource coordinated scheduling model is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is validated via numerical experiments on the modified IEEE 30-bus test system. The results show that the proposed method can effectively promote renewable energy utilization while ensuring power supply sufficiency and system economic benefits. In addition, the coupling relationships between thermal power units and HVDC tie-lines are essential for system operation security.
Age Matters: Investigating Older Drivers' Perception of Level 3 Autonomous Cars as a Heterogeneous Age Group

Level 3 autonomous cars may benefit older and younger drivers, but their perspectives on the technology remain understudied. We employed a questionnaire and focus groups to examine the perceived trust, safety, and usefulness of older drivers as a heterogeneous age group (60-80 years old divided into four age groups) and younger (22-25 years old) drivers about Level 3 and the non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) they would perform. The 60-65 group was mostly resistant towards Level 3, whereas the 76-80 group saw it as a chance to stay mobile. All groups were eager to engage with NDRTs, however, prior to gaining trust they would not engage with highly distracting tasks such as reading. The 76-80 group stressed the importance of designing take over requests that consider their decline in physical and cognitive abilities. In this research, we highlight the importance of considering age-related needs in HMI design of Level 3 cars.
Combined Inhibition of EZH2 and FGFR is Synergistic in BAP1-deficient Malignant Mesothelioma

Abstract Malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor with a survival of only 4–18 months after diagnosis. Treatment options for this disease are limited. Immune checkpoint blockade using ipilimumab and nivolumab has recently been approved as a frontline therapy, but this led to only a small improvement in overall patient survival. As more than half of patients with mesothelioma have alterations in the gene encoding for BAP1 this could be a potential marker for targeted therapies. In this study, we investigated the synergistic potential of combining EZH2 inhibition together with FGFR inhibition for treatment of BAP1-deficient malignancies. The efficacy of the combination was evaluated using human and murine preclinical models of mesothelioma and uveal melanoma in vitro. The efficacy of the combination was further validated in vivo by using BAP1-deficient mesothelioma xenografts and autochthonous mouse models. In vitro data showed sensitivity to the combined inhibition in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma and uveal melanoma tumor cell lines but not for BAP1-proficient subtypes. In vivo data showed susceptibility to the combination of BAP1-deficient xenografts and demonstrated an increase of survival in autochthonous models of mesothelioma. These results highlight the potential of this novel drug combination for the treatment of mesothelioma using BAP1 as a biomarker. Given these encouraging preclinical results, it will be important to clinically explore dual EZH2/FGFR inhibition in patients with BAP1-deficient malignant mesothelioma and justify further exploration in other BAP1 loss–associated tumors. Significance: Despite the recent approval of immunotherapy, malignant mesothelioma has limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Here, we observe that EZH2 inhibitors dramatically enhance the efficacy of FGFR inhibition, sensitising BAP1-mutant mesothelioma and uveal melanoma cells. The striking synergy of EZH2 and FGFR inhibition supports clinical investigations for BAP1-mutant tumors.
Trace element and Pb isotopic constraints on the provenance of the Rosroe and Derryveeny formations, South Mayo, Ireland

The Rosroe Formation comprises a series of Lower Ordovician (Llanvirn) conglomerates and sandstones, that lies on the southern limb of the South Mayo Trough, within the Iapetus Suture Zone of western Ireland. Trace element chemistry of granite boulders within the formation indicates a continental, rather than a volcanic arc character that can be correlated to latest Precambrian granites within the Dalradian Metamorphic Block, part of the deformed Laurentian margin. A minority of the clasts may correlate with syn-collisional granites, similar to, but older than, the Oughterard Granite of Connemara. Pb isotope compositions of K-feldspar grains within the sandstones, measured by both ion microprobe and conventional mass spectrometry, show a clear Laurentian affinity, albeit with greater source variability in the sand grains compared to a limited range in the proximal boulders. Palaeo-current indicators demonstrate dominant derivation from the NE, with a significant axial E–W flow. We propose that the Rosroe Formation records unroofing of a rapidly exhuming Dalradian metamorphic belt in North Mayo, following extensional collapse of the Grampian Orogen starting at ˜468 Ma, with minor input from a southerly arc source. The lack of metamorphic input from the S until deposition of the Derryeeny Conglomerate argues that the Connemara terrane was not positioned S of South Mayo Trough through strike-slip faulting until after the end of Rosroe sedimentation (460–443 Ma).
Properties and Management of Forest Soils

PROPERTIES AND DYNAMIC PROCESSES: Introduction Forest Soils and Vegetation Development Soils Associated with the Major Forest Ecosystems The Forest Floor Forest Soil Biology Chemical Properties of Forest Soils Physical Properties of Forest Soils Soil Water and the Hydrological Cycle Soil and Roots Mycorrhizae: Forms and Functions Nutrient Cycling in Forest Ecosystems Soil Properties and Site Productivity MANAGEMENT AND ITS CONSEQUENCES: Forest Land Inventory Soils and Silviculture Management of Nursery and Seed Orchard Soils Management of Problem Soils Tropical Forest Soils Diagnosis and Correction of Nutrient Deficiencies Fertilizer Materials and Application Systems Effects of Anthropogenic Chemicals on Forest Ecosystems Effects of Fire on Soils and Site Intensive Management and Long-Term Soil Productivity Appendixes.
Study on the viability of Oncomelania hupensis on irrigation network in Shandong Province after reversion of Yangtze River to arid northern part of China

Objective In order to understand the probability of survival and propagation of Oncomelanin hupensis in Weishan lake area,Shandong province after Yangtze River to Arid North Province in China. Methods The observations were made on the survival and proportion of the Oncomelanin hupensis in Weishan lake region. Results The results showed the death rates of 3,6,9,12,15 and 18 months were 14.29%,35.33%,83.33%,95.18%,98.84%,and 100%. Every female Oncomelanin hupensis produced 15.95 eggs and hatching rate of eggs was 32.5%. The survived rate of young Oncomelanin hupensis was zero in 150 days.The glands of adult Oncomelanin hupensis living in Weishan lake were observed by light and electron microscope. Conclusion They showed the glands of adult Oncomelanin hupensis shrunk. The number of cell glands reduced.It were difficult for Oncomelanin hupensis to make probability of survival and propagation by temperature and soil in Weishan lake area.
Naturally occurring fatal herpes simplex virus 1 infection in a family of white‐faced saki monkeys (Pithecia pithecia pithecia)

Abstract: A family of three white‐faced saki monkeys (Pithecia pithecia pithecia) died 48–96 hours after the onset of anorexia, nasal discharge, pyrexia and oral ulceration. One animal also had clonic seizures. Lesions found post‐mortem consisted of oral and esophageal ulcers, hepatic and intestinal necrosis, meningoencephalitis and sporadic neuronal necrosis. Intranuclear inclusion bodies and syncytial cells were present in oral lesions and affected areas of liver. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV‐1) was identified as the etiology of disease by virus isolation, polymerase chain reaction, or in situ hybridization in all three animals. Immunohistochemistry for detection of apoptotic DNA and activated caspase‐3 showed significant levels of apoptosis in oral and liver lesions and occasional apoptotic neurons in the brain. These findings demonstrate the vulnerability of white‐faced saki monkeys to HSV‐1 and provide initial insight into the pathogenesis of fatal HSV‐1‐induced disease, indicating that apoptosis plays a significant role in cell death.
The Grizzly Bear

Region 6 Mountain-Prairie Region Background When Lewis and Clark explored the West in the early 1800s an estimated 50,000 grizzly bears roamed between the Pacific Ocean and the Great Plains, across vast stretches of open and unpopulated land. But when pioneers moved in, bears were persecuted and their numbers and range drastically declined. As European settlement expanded over the next hundred years, towns and cities sprung up, and habitat for these large omnivores-along with their numbers--shrunk drastically. Today, with the western United States inhabited by millions of Americans, only a few small corners of grizzly country remains, supporting about 1,400 -1,700 wild grizzly bears. Of the 37 separate grizzly populations present in 1922, 31 were extirpated by 1975.
Characterization of the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) ability to serve as an infrared satellite intercalibration reference

Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) is a future mission employing an infrared spectrometer with unprecedented calibration accuracy and the ability to assess its calibration on‐orbit using a novel verification system. Utilizing this capability for satellite intercalibration is a primary objective of the mission. This paper presents a new infrared intercalibration methodology that minimizes the intercalibration uncertainties and provides uncertainty estimates resulting from the scene variability and instrument noise. Results of a simulation study to characterize realistic spatial and temporal matching differences for simultaneous nadir overpasses (SNOs) of CLARREO and existing hyperspectral sounders are presented. This study, along with experience with intercalibration of real data, finds that intercalibration uncertainties are minimized when the SNOs are not screened for sky conditions but instead weighted based on the observed scene variability. Intercalibration performance is investigated for a 90° polar orbit mission and for a Pathfinder mission on the International Space Station, for various potential CLARREO footprint sizes, and as a function of mission length, scene brightness temperature, and wavelength. The results are encouraging and suggest that biases between CLARREO and sounder observations can be determined with low uncertainty and with high time frequency during a CLARREO mission. For example, the simulations suggest that a CLARREO footprint of 50 to 100 km in diameter is optimal for intercalibration, and that the 3 sigma intercalibration uncertainty is less than 0.1 K for channels at infrared window wavelengths using 2 months of accumulated SNOs, and for more absorbing channels with less scene variability the uncertainties are less than 50 mK.
Effects of Different Flotation Agents on the Nucleation and Growth of Potassium Chloride

The flotation agent is an important collector in the production of potassium chloride and is brought into the crystallization stage with the reflux of the mother liquor. Octadecylamine Hydrochloride (ODA), 1-Dodecylamine Hydrochloride (DAH) and Sodium 1-dodecanesulfonate (SDS) were selected to study their effect on the nucleation of potassium chloride. Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement was used to collect the nucleation-induced periods of KCl in the presence of flotation agents at different supersaturations. Then, empirical equations, classical nucleation theory and growth mechanism equations were employed for data analysis. It was found that the presence of flotation agents increased the nucleation sequence m, and m(ODA) > m(SDS) > m(DAH) > m(H2O). In addition, the interfacial energy data obtained using classical nucleation theory suggest that the flotation agents used in our paper promoted the homogeneous nucleation of KCl (reduced from 5.3934 mJ·m−2 to 5.1434 mJ·m−2) and inhibited the heterogeneous nucleation of KCl (increased from 2.8054 mJ·m−2 to 3.6004 mJ·m−2). This investigation also revealed that the growth of potassium chloride was consistent with the 2D nucleation-mediated growth mechanism, and the addition of flotation agent did not change the growth mechanism of potassium chloride. Finally, the particle size distribution results were exactly consistent with the order of nucleation order m. The study of nucleation kinetics and growth mechanisms of different flotation agents on potassium chloride can provide guidance for optimizing the production process of potassium chloride and developing new flotation agents.
Nonlinear Wave–Wave Interactions in a One-Layer Reduced-Gravity Model on the Equatorial β Plane

Abstract A one-layer reduced-gravity model in the unbounded equatorial β plane is the simplest way to study nonlinear effects in a tropical ocean. The free evolution of the system is constrained by the existence of several conserved quantities, namely, potential vorticity, zonal momentum, zonal pseudomomentum and energy; only the last two are quadratic, to lowest order, in the departure from the equilibrium state. The eigenfunctions of the linear problem are found to span an orthogonal and complete basis; this is used to expand the dynamical variables, without making any assumption on their magnitude. Thus, the state of the system is fully described, at any time, by the set of expansion amplitudes; their evolution is controlled by a system of equations (with only quadratic nonlinearity) which are an exact representation of the original ones. A straightforward formula is obtained for the evaluation of the coupling coefficients. As a first example for the use of this formalism, the Kelvin modes self-interac.
Vegetation of semi-stable rangeland dunes of the Navajo Nation, Southwestern USA

ABSTRACT Dune destabilization and increased mobility is a worldwide issue causing ecological, economic, and health problems for the inhabitants of areas with extensive dune fields. Dunes cover nearly a third of the Navajo Nation within the Colorado Plateau of southwestern USA. There, higher temperatures and prolonged drought beginning in 1996 have produced significant increases in dune mobility. Vegetation plays an important role in dune stabilization, but there are few studies of the plants of the aeolian surfaces of this region. We examined plant species and their attributes within a moderately vegetated dune field of the Navajo Nation to understand the types and characteristics of plants that stabilize rangeland dunes. These dunes supported a low cover of mixed grass-scrubland with fifty-two perennial and annual species including extensive occurrence of non-native annual Salsola spp. Perennial grass richness and shrub cover were positively associated with increased soil sand composition. Taprooted shrubs were more common on sandier substrates. Most dominant grasses had C4 photosynthesis, suggestive of higher water-use efficiencies and growth advantage in warm arid environments. Plant cover was commonly below the threshold of dune stabilization. Increasing sand movement with continued aridity will select for plants adapted to burial, deflation, and abrasion. The study indicates plants tolerant of increased sand mobility and burial but more investigation is needed to identify the plants adapted to establish and regenerate under these conditions. In addition, the role of Salsola spp. in promoting decline of perennial grasses and shrubs needs clarification.
Using genetic programming to transform from Australian to USDA/FAO soil particle-size classification system

The difference between the International (adopted by Australia) and the USDA/FAO particle-size classification systems is the limit between silt and sand fractions (20 μm for the International and 50 µm for the USDA/FAO). In order to work with pedotransfer functions generated under the USDA/FAO system with Australian soil survey data, a conversion should be attempted. The aim of this work is to improve prior models using larger datasets and a genetic programming technique, in the form of a symbolic regression. The 2–50 µm fraction was predicted using a USDA dataset which included both particle-size classification systems. The presented model reduced the root mean square error (%) by 14.96 and 23.62% (IGBP-DIS dataset and Australian dataset, respectively), compared with the previous model.
High-resolution relocation and mechanism of aftershocks of the 2007 Tocopilla (Chile) earthquake

SUMMARY We study the distribution of the aftershocks of TocopillaMw 7.7 earthquake of 2007 November 14 in northern Chile in detail. This earthquake broke the lower part of the seismogenic zone at the southern end of the Northern Chile gap, a region that had its last megathrust earthquake in 1877. The aftershocks of Tocopilla occurred in several steps: the first day they were located along the coast inside the co-seismic rupture zone. After the second day they extended ocean-wards near the Mejillones peninsula. Finally in December they concentrated in the South near the future rupture zone of the Michilla intermediate depth earthquake of 2007 December 16. The aftershock sequence was recorded by the permanent IPOC (Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory in Chile) network and the temporary task force network installed 2 weeks after the main event. A total of 1238 events were identified and the seismic arrival times were directly read from seismograms. Initially we located these events using a single event procedure and then we relocated them using the double-difference method and a crosscorrelation technique to measure time differences for clusters of aftershocks. We tested a 1-D velocity model and a 2-D one that takes into account the presence of the subducted Nazca Plate. Relocation significantly reduced the width of the aftershock distribution: in the inland area, the plate interface imaged by the aftershocks is thinner than 2km. The two velocity models give similar results for earthquakes under the coast and a larger difference for events closer to the trench. The surface imaged by the aftershocks had a length of 160km. It extends from 30 to 50km depth in the northern part of the rupture zone; and between 5 and 55km depth near the Mejillones peninsula. We observed a change in the dip angle of the subduction interface from 18 ◦ to 24 ◦ at a depth of 30km. We propose that this change in dip is closely associated with the upper limit of the rupture zone of the main event. We also studied the focal mechanisms of the aftershocks, most of them were thrust events like the mainshock. As the aftershock activity was significantly reduced, on 2007 December 13, an ML 6.1 event occurred offshore of the Mejillones peninsula reactivating the seismicity. Three days later the Michilla intraslab earthquake of Mw 6.8 ruptured an almost vertical fault with slab-push mechanism. The aftershocks locations of this event define a planar zone about 11km in depth, situated right bellow the subduction interface.
Ameliorative Potential of Azadirachta indica and Gongronema latifolium on Plasmodium-induced Gonadotoxicity in Swiss Mice

Background: Polyherbal decoctions are frequently utilized by some Africans for anti-malaria treatment because they are readily accessible, and assumed low toxicity despite possible gonadotoxicities. We investigated ameliorative potential of anti-plasmodial plants Azadirachta indica (AI) and Gongronema latifolium (GL) on Plasmodium-induced gonadotoxities. Materials and methods: Adult male Swiss mice (n = 50) were allotted into 10 groups of (n = 5) animals. All groups were parasitized with 1 × 106P. berghei inoculum for three days except for groups 1 and 10; (normal control [NC]) and (non-parasitized mice administered Arthemeter-Lumefantrine [AL]). Group 2 was parasitized non-treated (PNT), groups 3 and 4 received low and high doses AI (86.60 and 259.81 mg), groups 5 and 6 received low and high doses GL (337.27 and 1011.80 mg), Groups 7, and 8 received low doses AI + GL (86.60 + 337.27 mg), and high doses AI + GL (259.81 + 1011.80 mg), while Group 9 received AL (8 mg), all odes via oral gavage per kg body weights, respectively. Rectal temperature, seminal/hormonal, testicular morphometry and histology assessments were evaluated using standard protocols. Results: Concurrent administration of AI and GL alleviated pyrexia and parasitemia in test groups, compared to NC and PNT groups. Testosterone concentrations were reduced in parasitized groups compared to NC, while sperm parameters significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in PNT and high AI + GL extract groups, but improved in combined low dose with testicular histoarchitecture. Conclusions: AI and GL concurrently administered at low doses mitigate P. berghei-induced gonadotoxicity better than as singly. KEYWORDS: Anti-Malaria, Azadirachta Indica, Gongronema Latifolium, Gonadotoxicity, Histology.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Youngism: The Content, Causes, and Consequences of Prejudices Toward Younger Adults

Research on ageism has focused largely on perceptions of and biases targeting older adults, implicitly assuming that age-based stigma increases throughout the life span and that young adults bene ﬁ t from favorable views relative to their older counterparts. In a series of eight studies ( N = 2,323), we provide evidence to the contrary. We theorize that, in sharp contrast with ageism toward older adults, which revolves around fear and discomfort with the target ’ s later life stage, youngism (i.e., ageism toward young adults) is primarily generationally focused, aiming at contemporaneous generations of young adults rather than young adults in general . Consistent with this theorizing, we ﬁ nd that today ’ s young adults are ascribed a mixed stereotype content (Study 1a – 1c), subject to harsher social judgments than both older age groups (Study 2) and recollections of former generations at the same age (Study 3a and 3b), and victim of discriminatory behaviors (Study 4 and 5). By comprehensively documenting cogni- tive, emotional, and behavioral evidence of youngism, the present work challenges the idea that ageism only re ﬂ ects a plight of later-life aging. Instead, we show not only that ageism can target other age groups but also that the nature and content of ageism vary across the life span. the results