Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flow cytometry characterization in central nervous system and pleural effusion multiple myeloma infiltration: an Italian national cancer institute experience

Extramedullary relapse of multiple myeloma (MM) can occur in some patients, particularly after a long history of disease. However, central nervous system (CNS) and pleural effusion (PE) malignant myelomatosis, characterized by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and PE infiltration by tumour plasma cells (PC) are very rare, accounting for less than 1% of MM patients. The diagnosis of CNS and PE myelomatosis is historically based on PC detection by cytology. Multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM) has recently been shown to be a powerful technique for both diagnosis and minimal residual disease identification in myeloma patients (Paiva et al, 2009; Rawstron et al, 2013). However, to date, there is limited published experience regarding the use of FCM for the diagnosis of CNS and PE myelomatosis (Marini et al, 2014; Keklik et al, 2012). In this report, we describe clinical and biological features of six MM patients with CNS or PE myelomatosis diagnosed by FCM (Table I). Erythrocyte-lysed bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood (PB), CSF and PE samples were processed and stained using a six-colour panel (FITC/PE/PerCP/ PE-Cy7/APC/APC-Cy7) and the ‘Duo-lyse’ program of the Becton Dickinson Bioscience (BDB, Milan, Italy) Lyse-WashAssistant according to the following combinations: (i) CD28/ CD138/CD45/CD38/CD33/CD20; (ii) CD38/CD138/CD45/ CD56/CD117/CD19. The PC surface phenotype aberrancies were used as patient-specific disease markers (PSDM) to document intra-cytoplasm immunoglobulin (cy-Ig) light chains restriction: (iii) cy-Igk/cy-Igj/CD19/CD38/anti-PSDM/CD45 and the Cytofix & Cytoperm technique according to manufacturer’s recommendations. All antibodies were from BDB except CD28, CD33 and CD138 (Beckman Coulter, Milan, Italy). A minimum of 1 9 10 CD138/CD38 bright PC were acquired and analysed in all but one PB sample from Patient 5 (Table II) utilizing a BDB FACSCanto flow cytometer with FACSDiva software. A j/kratio <0 5 or >4 0, evaluated on CD19-positive or CD19negative/PSDM-positive PC, was used to discriminate between normal and neoplastic PC. Table I shows the relevant clinical features of the six patients. Three patients presented a CNS myelomatosis after one or more chemotherapeutic lines including novel agents, autologous and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These three patients presented neurological signs and symptoms. In particular, one patient presented nausea, vomiting, confusion and headache; the second had cervical discomfort with first and second cervical vertebra body lesions and the third had headache with disturbance of the speech, in association with a neoplastic jaw mass. In two patients PE myelomatosis was documented at disease progression after one or two chemotherapeutic lines with novel agents, presented as progressive dyspnea. Finally, a very aggressive disease relapse with concomitant CNS and PE myelomatosis was documented in one patient after induction
Attacking and Defending Covert Channels and Behavioral Models

In this paper we present methods for attacking and defending $k$-gram statistical analysis techniques that are used, for example, in network traffic analysis and covert channel detection. The main new result is our demonstration of how to use a behavior's or process' $k$-order statistics to build a stochastic process that has those same $k$-order stationary statistics but possesses different, deliberately designed, $(k+1)$-order statistics if desired. Such a model realizes a "complexification" of the process or behavior which a defender can use to monitor whether an attacker is shaping the behavior. By deliberately introducing designed $(k+1)$-order behaviors, the defender can check to see if those behaviors are present in the data. We also develop constructs for source codes that respect the $k$-order statistics of a process while encoding covert information. One fundamental consequence of these results is that certain types of behavior analyses techniques come down to an {\em arms race} in the sense that the advantage goes to the party that has more computing resources applied to the problem.
Sal1p, a Calcium-Dependent Carrier Protein That Suppresses an Essential Cellular Function Associated With the Aac2 Isoform of ADP/ATP Translocase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Adenine nucleotide translocase (Ant) catalyzes ADP/ATP exchange between the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix. It is also proposed to form or regulate the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, a megachannel of high conductancy on the mitochondrial membranes. Eukaryotic genomes generally contain multiple isoforms of Ant. In this study, it is shown that the Ant isoforms are functionally differentiated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although the three yeast Ant proteins can equally support respiration (the R function), Aac2p and Aac3p, but not Aac1p, have an additional physiological function essential for cell viability (the V function). The loss of V function in aac2 mutants leads to a lethal phenotype under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The lethality is suppressed by a strain-polymorphic locus, named SAL1 (for Suppressor of aac2 lethality). SAL1 was identified to encode an evolutionarily conserved protein of the mitochondrial carrier family. Notably, the Sal1 protein was shown to bind calcium through two EF-hand motifs located on its amino terminus. Calcium binding is essential for the suppressor activity. Finally, Sal1p is not required for oxidative phosphorylation and its overexpression does not complement the R− phenotype of aac2 mutants. On the basis of these observations, it is proposed that Aac2p and Sal1p may define two parallel pathways that transport a nucleotide substrate in an operational mode distinct from ADP/ATP exchange.
In quest of a generalized Callias index theorem

We give a prescription for how to compute the Callias index, using as regulator an exponential function. We find agreement with old results in all odd dimensions. We show that the problem of computing the dimension of the moduli space of self-dual strings can be formulated as an index problem in even-dimensional (loop-)space. We think that the regulator used in this Letter can be applied to this index problem. a.r. gustavsson@swipnet.se
Video Image for Security System by Using Chaotic Oscillator for Segmentation

There are wide variety of mechanisms available for performing the authentication function. One of them is by using video film to monitor important places. In such systems the important task is recognizing human faces which need good segmentation and high feature extraction. In traditional technique the segmentation can be performed by region growing and shrinking, clustering method, and boundary detection which all take image pixel by pixel and compare each with neighbors to get the similarity. Chaotic oscillator depends on synchronizati on concept between points to determine the active points which construct similar region determining the object. Then RGB color space is used to determine skin color pixel. Skin color model aids the process of separating the face from the scene due to its skin color. After isolating the human face image which contains many features (eye, eyebrow, nose, etc.) they identify the person. Chaotic oscillator is used to extract the important features by removing any point that is not synchronized with its neighbors and gives new image which contains only the main face features and then compare this image with stored image in Database of authorized person and make decision on if (he/she) is an authenticated image or not.
Work-preserving emulations of fixed-connection networks

IN THIS PAPER, WE STUDY THE PROBLEM OF EMULATING T(SUBSCRIPT G) STEPS OF AN N(SUBSCRIPT G)-NODE GUEST NETWORK ON AN N(SUBSCRIPT H)-NODE HOST NET- WORK. WE CALL AN EMULATION `WORK-PRESERVING'' IF THE TIME REQUIRED BY THE HOST, T(SUBSCRIPT H), IS O(T(SUBSCRIPT G)N(SUBSCRIPT G)/N(SUBSCRIPT H) BECAUSE THEN BOTH THE GUES AND HOST NETWORKS PERFORM THE SAME TOTAL WORK, (GREEK SYMBOL)(T(SUBSCRIPT G)N(SUBSCRIPT G), TO WITHIN A CONSTANT FACTOR. WE SAY THAT AN EMULATION IS `REAL-TIME'' IF T(SUBSCRIPT H)=O(T(SUBSCRIPT G), BECAUSE THEN THE HOST EMULATES THE GUEST WITH CONSTANT DELAY. ALTHOUGH MANY ISOLATED EMULATION RESULTS HAVE BEEN PROVED FOR SPECIFIC NETWORKS IN THE PAST, AND MEASURES SUCH AS DILATION AND CONGESTION WERE KNOWN TO BE IMPOR- TANT, THE FIELD HAS LACKED A MODEL WITHIN WHICH GENERAL RESULTS AND MEAN- INGFUL LOWER BOUNDS CAN BE PROVED. WE ATTEMPT TO PROVIDE SUCH A MODEL, ALONG WITH CORRESPONDING GENERAL TECHNIQUES AND SPECIFIC RESULTS IN THIS PAPERS. SOME OF THE MORE INTERESTING AND DIVERSE CONSEQUENCES OF THIS WORK INCLUDE: 1. A PROOF THAT A LINEAR ARRAY CAN EMULATE (MUCH LARGER) BUTTERFLY IN A WORK-PRESERVING FASHION, BUT THAT A BUTTERFLY CANNOT EMULATE AN EX- PANDER (OF ANY SIZE) IN A WORK-PRESERVING FASHION, 2. A PROOF THAT A MESH CAN BE EMULATED IN REAL TIME IN A WORK-PRESERVING FASHION ON A BUTTERFLY, EVEN THOUGH ANY O(1)-TO-1 EMBEDDING OF A MESH
Embryonic Stem Cell-Like Features of Testicular Carcinoma in Situ Revealed by Genome-Wide Gene Expression Profiling

Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is the common precursor of histologically heterogeneous testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), which in recent decades have markedly increased and now are the most common malignancy of young men. Using genome-wide gene expression profiling, we identified >200 genes highly expressed in testicular CIS, including many never reported in testicular neoplasms. Expression was further verified by semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR and in situ hybridization. Among the highest expressed genes were NANOG and POU5F1, and reverse transcription-PCR revealed possible changes in their stoichiometry on progression into embryonic carcinoma. We compared the CIS expression profile with patterns reported in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which revealed a substantial overlap that may be as high as 50%. We also demonstrated an over-representation of expressed genes in regions of 17q and 12, reported as unstable in cultured ESCs. The close similarity between CIS and ESCs explains the pluripotency of CIS. Moreover, the findings are consistent with an early prenatal origin of TGCTs and thus suggest that etiologic factors operating in utero are of primary importance for the incidence trends of TGCTs. Finally, some of the highly expressed genes identified in this study are promising candidates for new diagnostic markers for CIS and/or TGCTs.
A hardware-oriented learning algorithm for a digital spiking neuron

The digital spiking neuron is a wired system of shift registers and behaves like a simplified neuron model. By adjusting the wirings among the registers, the neuron can generate various spike-trains. In this paper some basic relations between the wiring pattern and spike-train characteristics are analyzed. Based on the analysis results, a hardware-oriented learning algorithm is proposed. The learning algorithm and the digital neuron are implemented by a hardware description language (HDL). It is shown that the learning algorithm enables the digital neuron to approximate various spike-trains generated by an analog spiking neuron model. In addition, some basic experimental measurements are provided by using a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
Drawing Tools

A drawing is often the best way to describe a large, complex artifact. In software development, you can easily derive pictures from code through tools that automate diagram creation. With the Graphviz tools you can draw directed and undirected relations between elements using a simple declarative language. Pic features a procedural drawing language that lets you define your own domain-specific drawing language. Gnuplot can plot data and functions in a wide variety of 2D and 3D styles. Finally, you can plot geographical data through the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) or by generating KML files. You can obtain additional leverage by having one graphics tool or script generate output for another and by using the appropriate output format.
Self-Healing Control Flow Protection in Sensor Applications

Since sensors do not have a sophisticated hardware architecture or an operating system to manage code for safety, attacks injecting code to exploit memory-related vulnerabilities can present threats to sensor applications. In a sensor's simple memory architecture, injected code can alter the control flow of a sensor application to either misuse existing routines or download other malicious code to achieve attacks. To protect the control flow, this paper proposes a self-healing scheme that can stop attacks from exploiting the control flow and then recover sensor applications to normal operations with minimum overhead. The self-healing scheme embeds diversified protection code at particular locations to enforce access control in code memory. Both the access control code and the recovery code are designed to be resilient to control flow attacks that attempt to evade the protection. Furthermore, the self-healing scheme directly processes application code at the machine instruction level, instead of performing control or data analysis on source code. The implementation and evaluation show that the self-healing scheme is lightweight in protecting sensor applications.
An Open Source Grammar Development Environment and Broad-coverage English Grammar Using HPSG

The LinGO (Linguistic Grammars Online) project’s English Resource Grammar and the LKB grammar development environment are language resources which are freely available for download for any purpose, including commercial use (see http://lingo.stanford.edu). Executable programs and source code are both included. In this paper, we give an outline of the LinGO English grammar and LKB system, and discuss the ways in which they are currently being used. The grammar and processing system can be used independently or combined to give a central component which can be exploited in a variety of ways. Our intention in writing this paper is to encourage more people to use the technology, which supports collaborative development on many levels.
Transaction-Time Queries in Dydra

Dydra is an RDF graph storage service. It stores and retrieves the contents of RDF datasets through SPARQL, LDF and LDP interfaces. In addition to these basic capabilities, it retains previous store states, in addition to the current state, as active addressable aspects of a dataset analogous to named graphs in a quad store. It incorporates arbitrary revisions into target datasets according to query arguments for HTTP requests and an additional REVISION clause in SPARQL. This document describes a taxonomy of archival RDF queries and illustrates it with examples drawn from three popular ontologies: gist, schema.org and STW, which demonstrate how the Dydra TB storage architecture combines with simple interface extensions to support the principal tasks and address the primary concerns when working with RDF data over time.
Generated Narratives for Computer-aided Language Teaching

VINCI is a Natural Language Generation environment designed for use in computer-aided second language instruction. It dynamically generates multiple parallel trees representing an initial text, questions on this text, and expected answers, and either orthographic or phonetic output. Analyses of a learner's answers to questions are used to diagnose comprehension and language skills and to adaptively control subsequent generation. The paper traces stages in the generation of short texts in English and French, and discusses issues of architecture, textual enrichment, and planning.
Moving Facial Image Transformations Based on Static 2D Prototypes

This paper describes a new method for creating visually realistic moving facial image sequences that retain an actor's personality (individuality, expression and characteristic movements) while altering the facial appearance along a certain specified facial dimension. We combine two existing technologies, facial feature tracking and facial image transformation, to create the sequences. Examples are given of transforming the apparent age, race and gender of a face. We also create 'virtual cartoons' by transforming image sequences into the style of famous artists. The results show that static 2D face models can be used to create realistic transformations of sequences that include changes in pose, expression and mouth shape.
Computational Text Analysis for Social Science: Model Assumptions and Complexity

Across many disciplines, interest is increasing in the use of computational text analysis in the service of social science questions. We survey the spectrum of current methods, which lie on two dimensions: (1) computational and statistical model complexity; and (2) domain assumptions. This comparative perspective suggests directions of research to better align new methods with the goals of social scientists.
Empirical Study of Grid partitioning and Subtractive Clustering based NF Systems for the Evaluation of Fault Proneness in Open source Software Systems

Faults in software systems continue to be a major problem. Many systems are delivered to users with excessive faults. Prediction models based on software metrics, can estimate number of faults in software modules. Grid partitioning and Subtractive clustering based Neuro-fuzzy systems for classifying of the software components into faulty/fault-free systems. The Subtractive clustering based Neuro-fuzzy system’s outperformed the Grid partitioning based Neuro-Fuzzy system. Keywords— Fault-prone modules; Subtractive Clustering; Grid Partitioning; Modeling Techniques.
Matrix Factorization for Collaborative Filtering Recommender Systems

Anyone who has recently gone shopping online has witnessed a wide variety and sometimes overwhelming volume of purchasing options. It is frankly unrealistic to think that a user could scroll through and view all these options to locate the items that he or she would like to purchase. For this reason, e-commerce companies must bring to the forefront those items which the individual users are most likely to buy, and so these companies use recommender systems, which both determine what items to suggest and a level of confidence in each of their suggestions. While recommender systems can be used to solve a wide range of problems [2], we illustrate the process of building recommender systems that attempt to pair a set of users with a corresponding set of items. Recommender systems are generally divided into two main subcategories: content-based and collaborative filtering. In the content-based approach, users and items are characterized by certain properties in order to construct a kind of profile that describes each actor in the system. A quintessential example is a system where the items are homes and the users are home buyers. Content-based approaches would utilize information about the homes, perhaps such as price, geographic location (i.e. zipcode), and number of bedrooms/bathrooms to build a profile. Often, demographic information such as age, income, and number of children, is used to characterize users. A content-based recommender system would then work to associate properties of users with frequently co-occurring properties of items. For example, home buyers who are married with four children are more likely to buy homes with many bedrooms than buyers that are single with no children. From the perspective of most web services, the main problem with content-based recommender systems is that they require users to provide a large amount of information about themselves Collaborative filtering is an alternate technique for determining which items to recommend that does not require users to input personal data. Instead, collaborative filtering utilizes the users’ history of actions to match users with items, and users with similar histories are assumed to share key properties. This approach is usually more accurate for predicting user-item affinity than content-based methodologies [1] as it leverages all user histories to make better recommendations.
An in vivo comparison of the efficacy of hemostatic powders, using two porcine bleeding models

Background Usage of topical hemostatic agents in surgery is increasing, including use during minimally invasive procedures, and even for surgeries that have a low risk of bleeding complications. A novel product, Surgicel® Powder – Absorbable Hemostatic Powder (SP), made from oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) fabric, has been developed for adjunctive use in surgical procedures to assist in control of oozing bleeding over broad areas and where access could be difficult with a fabric ORC product. This study compares the new SP to other commercially available hemostatic powder products in two in vivo models. Methods Hemostatic efficacy of SP was compared to two polysaccharide-based hemostats in a porcine liver punch biopsy model and to three polysaccharide-based hemostats and one non-regenerated oxidized cellulose hemostat in a porcine liver abrasion model. Primary outcomes measured were hemostatic efficacy, defined as hemostasis within 10 minutes of application, and time-to-hemostasis (TTH). Results In the punch biopsy model, SP displayed significantly higher effective hemostasis rates than one of the polysaccharide hemostats (p=0.047) and faster TTH than both (p<0.001). In the liver abrasion model, SP had significantly higher effective hemostasis rates (p≤0.002) and faster TTH (p<0.001) than the other four hemostatic agents. The amount of powder applied within the ranges used did not appear to affect hemostatic efficacy. Conclusion In both the liver punch biopsy model of mild to moderate bleeding and the liver abrasion model of mild but diffuse oozing, SP provided more effective hemostasis and faster TTH than other marketed hemostatic powders. The results from this in vivo study suggest that Surgicel Powder may be useful in clinical applications where control of oozing capillary, mild venous, and small arterial hemorrhage is required including bleeding in difficult-to-access locations.
A comparison of different mask holds for positive pressure ventilation in a neonatal manikin

Background Ventilation during neonatal resuscitation is typically initiated with a face mask, but may be ineffective due to leak or obstruction. Objective To compare leak using three methods of mask hold. Methods Medical and nursing staff regularly involved in neonatal resuscitation used the three holds (two-point, two-handed, spider) on a manikin in a random order to apply positive pressure ventilation (PPV) at standard settings each for 1 min while mask leak was recorded. Results Participants (n=53) varied in experience (1–23 years) and hand size. Combined median (IQR) leak was 14 (2–46)% and was not different among the holds. Conclusions There was no difference in the leak measured using the three different mask holds.
Preference and artifact analysis for video transitions of places

Emerging interfaces for video collections of places attempt to link similar content with seamless transitions. However, the automatic computer vision techniques that enable these transitions have many failure cases which lead to artifacts in the final rendered transition. Under these conditions, which transitions are preferred by participants and which artifacts are most objectionable? We perform an experiment with participants comparing seven transition types, from movie cuts and dissolves to image-based warps and virtual camera transitions, across five scenes in a city. This document describes how we condition this experiment on slight and considerable view change cases, and how we analyze the feedback from participants to find their preference for transition types and artifacts. We discover that transition preference varies with view change, that automatic rendered transitions are significantly preferred even with some artifacts, and that dissolve transitions are comparable to less-sophisticated rendered transitions. This leads to insights into what visual features are important to maintain in a rendered transition, and to an artifact ordering within our transitions.