Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homing to Lymphoid Tissue Induce Allotolerance through Enhanced CCL-21 Conditioned Regulatory T Cells

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are instrumental in the induction and maintenance of tolerance, including in transplantation. Tregs induce allotolerance by interacting with APCs and T cells, interactions that require their proper homing to the lymphoid tissues. Using a well-characterized model of corneal allotransplantation, we demonstrate in this study that Tregs in the draining lymph nodes (LN) of allograft acceptors, but not rejectors, colocalize with APCs in the paracortical areas and express high levels of CCR7. In addition, we show that Treg expression of CCR7 is important not only for Treg homing to the draining LN, but also for optimal Treg suppressive function. Finally, we show that Tregs augmented for CCR7 expression by their ex vivo stimulation with the CCR7 ligand CCL21 show enhanced homing to the draining LN of allograft recipients and promote transplant survival. Together, these ﬁndings suggest that CCR7 expression is critical for Treg function and migration and that conditioning of Treg for maximal CCR7 expression may be a viable strategy for promoting allograft survival. The Journal of Immunology , 2014, 192: 000–000. T (Tregs) master regulators of the shown to impact nearly both
Performance Characteristics of Broilers Fed Bread Waste Based Diets

This study was conducted to determine the effect of bread waste on performance and carcass characteristics of broilers at starter and finisher phases. A total of 240 broiler chicks were purchased and allotted randomly into four dietary treatments: T0, T1, T2 and T3 at an inclusion level of 0, 33, 67 and 100% respectively with three replicates of twenty birds per replicate. A total of 120 broilers were slaughtered at the end of the 8 th week of the experiment and analyzed for carcass parameters. The results obtained at the starter phase of the experiment shows that T2 having (67%) level of inclusion of bread waste showed similar performance to the control diet with feed conversion ratio of 2.08 and final weight of 0.54 kg. However, at the finisher phase, T3 shows a similar performance to the control diet with feed conversion ratio of 2.30 and final weight of 1.82 kg. The bread waste could be used as a replacement for maize in the diets of broilers either partially or completely in order to reduce feed cost and subsequently the cost of production.
Projecting CMOS circuit hot-carrier reliability from DC device lifetime

We present generalized hot-carrier-reliability technology qualification and circuit design rules. The inverse duty factors, i.e. DC to AC time conversion factors for N- and P-MOSFETS are found to be 4/ft/sub rise/, and 10/ft/sub fall/ or 120 and 300 respectively. Typically, /spl Deltaspl tau/spl tau/ of an inverter is 1/4 /spl Delta/I/sub dI/sub d/ of NMOSFET minus 1/2 /spl Delta/I/sub dI/sub d/ of PMOSFET. The proposed design rules are valid for both 5 V and 3.3 V technologies and can be easily incorporated into existing DC lifetime prediction routines. <<ETX>>
HBANK: Monetary Policy with Heterogeneous Banks†

We study how bank heterogeneity and market power shape the transmission of monetary policy. In the data, following a monetary contraction, large banks lower their credit mark-ups and quantities significantly more and raise their deposit mark-ups significantly less than small banks. We interpret our findings in a Heterogeneous Bank New Keynesian (HBANK) model, featuring permanent (“skill”) and stochastic (“luck”) bank returns heterogeneity, incomplete markets, variable asset and deposit market power, and nominal rigidities. In this setup, the aggregate effects of monetary policy shocks depend explicitly on the endogenous distribution of banks’ net worth and the competitive structure of asset and deposit markets. Our main findings are three-fold. First, the model matches both the aggregate and the cross-sectional conditional responses to monetary policy shocks estimated from the data. Second, due to the marginal propensity to lend being increasing in profitability, permanent returns heterogeneity considerably strengthens the effectiveness of monetary policy shocks. Third, credit market power amplifies the effects of monetary policy shocks, whereas the opposite holds for deposit market power. This stems from credit mark-ups of large intermediaries being strongly conditionally pro-cyclical, while deposit mark-ups being counter-cyclical. When calibrated to U.S. bank-level data, the full model delivers substantial amplification of monetary shocks. JEL codes: E44, E51, E52
Risk Factors of Dental Caries in Preschool Children in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dental caries remains prevalent in young children. This study determined dental caries prevalence and risk factors associated with caries experience in Thai preschool children. Five kindergartens in Samut Sakhon Province were evaluated. Preschool children (4- to 5-year-old children) were recruited. The participants’ parents completed a questionnaire regarding their children’s demographic and socio-economic backgrounds and their oral health-related behaviors. Dental caries status and oral hygiene were recorded using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (dmft) and visible plaque index (VPI), respectively. In total, 308 children completed the oral examination (93.9% response rate). The mean age of the children was 5.1 ± 0.5 years old. Among them, 249 children (80.8%) had dental caries (dmft > 0) and their mean dmft score (SD) was 8.2 (4.7). The children’s age, VPI, primary caregiver, age of starting tooth brushing, assisted tooth brushing, and mother’s education level were significantly associated with dental caries (X2test, p < 0.05). The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that older children with a higher VPI score and whose mothers had lower education had a significantly higher risk of having dental caries (p < 0.05). Caries prevalence was high among the evaluated Thai preschool children. The child’s age, visible dental plaque, and mother’s educational level are significant risk factors for dental caries.
Analysis of the Structural Relationships among Self-efficacy, Experience, Mobile Learning Quality, and Learner Satisfaction in Universities

This study was designed to determine the factors affecting learner satisfaction and examine the relationships of these factors in mobile learning linked to pre-existing e-learning in universities. In the structural model used, three mobile learning quality factors are the endogenous variables, namely, system quality (SYQ), information quality (INQ) and service quality (SEQ) perceived by students, and learner satisfaction (LS), whereas students’ self-efficacy (SE) and experience (EX) in mobile learning are the exogenous variables. The subjects were 900 students who registered for mobile learning courses offered by a private university in Seoul, Korea. The results indicated that SE in mobile learning had positive effects on SYQ, INQ, and SEQ. Furthermore, SE influenced LS when analyzed without quality factors as parameters. Mobile learning EX directly affected INQ, but not SYQ or SEQ. EX likewise had a direct effect on LS when analyzed without quality factors as parameters. Meanwhile, both SYQ and INQ showed a positive effect on LS, but not SEQ. SE and EX affected LS indirectly when SYQ and INQ were used as parameters. This study addresses the importance of increasing SE, EX, SYQ, and INQ to increase LS in mobile learning in universities
A novel method of intraovarian instillation of platelet rich plasma to improve reproductive outcome in young Indian women with diminished ovarian reserve

Introduction: To evaluate the effects of intraovarian platelet-rich plasma (IOPRP) instillation in young Indian women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Methods: This prospective, ongoing, cohort study was performed by recruiting 45 consenting Indian women with DOR (group A). Up to 3 cycles of IOPRP instillation were performed after minimal ovarian stimulation. Outcome measures were changes in antral follicle counts (AFC), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, an increase in total and mature oocytes retrieved and establishment of pregnancy. The pregnancy rates in 51 women with the same inclusion criteria during the same time period were compared (group B). Results: In group A, baseline mean AFC was 3.44±2.35 (n=45); mean AFC increased after IOPRP-1 (3.89±2.21, n=45, P=0.1198<0.05 vs. baseline), IOPRP-2 (4.91±2.79, n=33, P=0.0056<0.05 vs. baseline), and IOPRP-3 (4.95±2.84, n=19, P=0.0002<0.05 vs. baseline). Mean AMH was 0.85±0.44 ng/mL. The changes in average AMH levels showed significance after IOPRP-2 (P=0.048<0.05). In group B, mean baseline AFC was 4.74±2.19, mean baseline AMH was 0.98±0.38 ng/mL. In group A, frozen embryo transfer was performed in 32/45 women and 15 clinical pregnancies were established. In group B, 44/51 women underwent frozen embryo transfer, 11 clinical pregnancies were established. The clinical pregnancy rate per transfer was 46.88%/embryo transfer in group A versus 25%/embryo transfer in group B. Conclusions: IOPRP instillation can improve AFC and can enhance pregnancy results in women with DOR. Increase in AMH levels and the number of total and mature oocytes was observed after 2 IOPRP. Significantly higher pregnancy rates (P=0.0009<0.05) were observed in women with IOPRP versus matched controls without IOPRP.
A new decade for social changes

Gender stereotype research has identified many female and male subtypes, e.g. housewife , career woman , macho man , and wimp . Regarding their perception, several dimensions, such as Warmth , Competence , Traditionality , and Age , have been found to be meaningful in people’s cognitive organization of them. The present paper analyses gender subtype perception results obtained in an online questionnaire among English and Spanish participants who rated ten female and ten male subtypes on 15 scales. The subtypes were produced by the participants themselves in a prior study. The results are backed up by interview quotes of the same participants. Many of the findings conform to those of prior studies, e.g. the clear separation of female and male subtype clusters, while others are novel or contrary to previous research. Thus, the English male subtype mate is perceived both very masculine and feminine and the Spanish promiscuous female subtype guarra is seen as inherently different from the English equivalents.
A Study on the Transformer Spare Capacity in the Existing Apartments for the Future Growth of Electric Vehicles

Rapid Expansion of EVs(Electric Vehicles) is inevitable trends, to comply with eco-friendly energy paradigm according to Paris Agreement and to solve the environment problems such as global warming. In this paper, we analyze the limit point of transformer acceptable capacity as the increase of power demand considering EVs supply in the near future. Through the analysis of transformer utilization, we suggest methods to analyze the spare capacity of transformer for the case of optimal efficiency operation and emergency operation respectively. We have the results of 18.4~29% spare capacity for the charging infrastructure to the rated capacity of transformer by analyzing the existing sample apartments. It is analyzed that the acceptable number of EVs is 0.09~0.14 for optimal efficiency operation and 0.06~0.13 for emergency operation. Therefore, it is analyzed the power demand of EV will exceed the existing transformer spare capacity in 7~8 years as the annual growth rate of EVs is prospected 112.5% considering current annual growth rate of EVs and the government EV supply policy.
Diversity of Monofloral Honey Based on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant profile and the antimicrobial activity of four different types of monofloral honey (manuka (MH), brassica rapeseed (BH), acacia (AH), and linden honey (LH)) against some bacterial/fungal ATCC strains and some multidrug-resistant strains isolated from chronic otitis in dogs. For the characterisation of the antioxidant profile of each honey, we extracted the honey samples by hydroalcoholic extraction and analysed them in terms of total polyphenols (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using the spectrophotometric method. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the microdilution method at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, with the results expressed in OD (optical density) calculated as BIR% (bacterial inhibition rate)/MIR% (mycelial inhibition rate). The antioxidant characterisation of the analysed honey samples showed the highest antioxidant activity and concentrations of TPC and TFC in MH, followed by LH. MH was proven to be the most effective on most clinical isolates concerning the antimicrobial activity in comparison with BH, AH, and LH. Except for B. cepacia and P. vulgaris, all the clinical isolates were sensitive to the antibacterial activity of honey. Regarding the ATCC strains, MH 10% was the most effective in inhibiting all the strains tested except for P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, the efficacy classification in our study was MH > BH > AH > LH.
A High-Precision Deep Learning Algorithm to Localize Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias

Background: An accurate prediction of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) origins can optimize the strategy of ablation, and facilitate the procedure. Objective: This study aimed to develop a machine learning model from surface ECG to predict VA origins. Methods: We obtained 3628 waves of ventricular premature complex (VPC) from 731 patients. We chose to include all signal information from 12 ECG leads for model input. A model is composed of two groups of convolutional neural network (CNN) layers. We chose around 13% of all the data for model testing and 10% for validation. Results: In the first step, we trained a model for binary classification of VA source from the left or right side of the chamber with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.963. With a threshold of 0.739, the sensitivity and specification are 90.7% and 92.3% for identifying left side VA. Then, we obtained the second model for predicting VA from the LV summit with AUC is 0.998. With a threshold of 0.739, the sensitivity and specificity are 100% and 98% for the LV summit. Conclusions: Our machine learning algorithm of surface ECG facilitates the localization of VPC, especially for the LV summit, which might optimize the ablation strategy.
NKG2D signaling regulates IL-17A-producing γδT cells in mice to promote cancer progression

Abstract γδT cells are unconventional T cells particularly abundant in mucosal tissues that play an important role in tissue surveillance, homeostasis, and cancer. γδT cells recognize stressed cells or cancer cells through the NKG2D receptor to kill these cells and maintain normality. Contrary to the well-established anti-tumor function of these NKG2D-expressing γδT cells, we show here that, in mice, NKG2D regulates a population of pro-tumor γδT cells capable of producing IL-17A. Germline deletion of Klrk1, the gene encoding NKG2D, reduced the frequency of γδT cells in the tumor microenvironment and delayed tumor progression. We further show that blocking NKG2D reduced the capability of γδT cells to produce IL-17A in the pre-metastatic lung and that co-culture of lung T cells with NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells specifically increased the frequency of γδT cells. Together, these data support the hypothesis that, in a tumor microenvironment where NKG2D ligands are constitutively expressed, γδT cells accumulate in an NKG2D-dependent manner and drive tumor progression by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17A.
Effects of Upper-Body Flexibility Exercise on Golf Performance of Amateur Female Golfer: A Case Report

Patient: Female, 43-year-old Final Diagnosis: Amateur golfer Symptoms: Golf swing Medication:— Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Public Health • Rehabilitation Objective: Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment Background: We investigated the effects of the upper-body flexibility exercises on the golf performance of a female amateur golfer. Case Report: The participant was a 43-year-old woman who performed a general golf swing exercise (30 min) and an upper-body flexibility exercise (20 min) 3 times a week, for a total of 6 times in 2 weeks. The maximum rotation angle of the upper body was measured using a goniometer. To measure the X-factor, the numerical value was measured after subtracting the rotation angle of the lower-body from the rotation angle of the upper body when the participant stopped making a back-swing top motion. A camera measuring instrument was used to measure the clubhead speed and carry distance of the golf ball when she hit the ball with a no. 7 iron club. After the exercises, the maximum rotation angle of the participant’s upper body increased from 40° to 69°, and the X-factor increased from 10° to 24°. The clubhead speed increased from 29.4 m/s to 34.4 m/s, and the carry distance increased from 84 m to 106 m. Conclusions: The participant responded positively to the upper-body flexibility exercises, and there was improved upper-body mobility, X-factor, clubhead speed, and carry distance. Our results showed that upper-body flexibility exercises with a general golf swing exercise for female amateur golfers may improve golf performance.
Interleaved Optical Coherence Tomography: Clinical and Laboratory Biomarkers in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema

(1) Background: The global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been estimated to reach 600 million patients worldwide by 2040. Approximately 200 million people will develop diabetic retinopathy within this time frame. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a severe, vision-threatening complication that can develop at any stage of diabetic retinopathy, and it represents the main cause of vision loss in patients with DM. Its harmful consequences on visual function could be prevented with timely recognition and treatment. (2) Methods: This study assessed the clinical (demographic characteristics, diabetic evolution, and systemic vascular complications); laboratory (glycated hemoglobin, metabolic parameters, capillary oxygen saturation, and renal function); ophthalmologic exam; and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD–OCT) (macular volume, central macular thickness, maximal central thickness, minimal central thickness, foveal thickness, superior inner, inferior inner, nasal inner, temporal inner, inferior outer, superior outer, nasal outer, and temporal outer thicknesses, disruption of the ellipsoid zone, and disruption of the inner retinal layers (DRIL) parameters in three groups of individuals: healthy controls (HC), patients with DME and type 1 DM (T1DM—group A), and patients with DME and type 2 DM (T2DM—group B) to identify novel correlations between them that would open a path to new pathogenetic hypotheses and, implicitly, to the identification of new therapeutic methods, as part of a tailored treatment within the concept of precision medicine. (3) Results: The duration of DM was significantly longer in group A as compared with group B, as were the prevalence of smoking and systemic vascular complications. Capillary oxygen saturation and estimated glomerular filtration rates were significantly lower, and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in group A as compared to group B. Regarding the OCT findings, DME had a predominantly eccentric pattern, and the right eye was more severely affected in both groups of patients. Significantly higher values were obtained in group B as compared to group A for the following OCT biomarkers: macular volume, central macular thickness, maximal central thickness, minimal central thickness, foveal thickness, superior inner, inferior inner, nasal inner, inferior outer and nasal outer thickness. The disruption of the ellipsoid zone was significantly more prevalent within group A, whereas the overall disruption of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) was identified significantly more frequently in group B. (4) Conclusions: Whereas systemic and laboratory biomarkers were more severely affected in patients with DME and T1DM, the OCT quantitative biomarkers revealed significantly higher values in patients with DME and T2DM.
When and why does status threat at work bring out the best and the worst in us? A temporal social comparison theory

This paper seeks to explain when and why people respond to status threat at work with behaviors oriented toward either self-improvement or interpersonal harming. To that end, we extend the established static social comparison perspective on status threat. Specifically, we introduce the notion of temporal proximity of status threat, which is informed by five temporal social comparison markers. We argue that people construe distal future status gaps as a challenge (and thus show self-improvement-oriented responses), but construe a more proximal status gap as a threat (and thus engage in negative interpersonal behaviors). Further, we introduce three factors of uncertainty that may render the underlying temporal comparison less reliable, and thereby less useful for guiding one's response. Overall, our temporal social comparison theory integrates and extends current theorizing on status threat in organizations by fully acknowledging the dynamic nature of social comparisons. Plain Language Summary Employees often compare themselves to others to evaluate their status. If they perceive that their status is at threat or risk losing status, they engage in behaviors to prevent status loss. These behaviors can be positive, aimed at improving one's position or they can be negative, aimed at harming others. This paper develops a theoretical framework to examine when employees engage in more challenge- vs. threat-oriented behaviors. We argue that an important question how employees react to status threat is its temporal proximity—will an employee's status be threatened in the near versus distal future? We propose that the more distal (vs. proximate) the status threat is, the more employees gravitate towards challenge- and less threat-oriented behaviors. But how do employees know when a status threat occurs in the future? We argue that employees will compare their past status trajectories to co-workers’ status trajectories to mentally extrapolate the temporal proximity of such a threat. More specifically, we propose five characteristics (temporal markers) of social comparison trajectories that inform employees about the temporal proximity: their relative current position, the relative velocity and acceleration of their status trajectory, their relative mean status level, and their relative minimum and maximum status. Moreover, we suggest that employees’ conclusions from these markers are weakened by uncertainty in the “data stream” of social comparison information over time, that is, the length of the time span available, the amount of interruptions in this data stream, and the number of fluctuations in their own and others’ status trajectories.
Occurrence–habitat mismatching and niche truncation when modelling distributions affected by anthropogenic range contractions

Human‐induced pressures such as deforestation cause anthropogenic range contractions (ARCs). Such contractions present dynamic distributions that may engender data misrepresentations within species distribution models. The temporal bias of occurrence data—where occurrences represent distributions before (past bias) or after (recent bias) ARCs—underpins these data misrepresentations. Occurrence–habitat mismatching results when occurrences sampled before contractions are modelled with contemporary anthropogenic variables; niche truncation results when occurrences sampled after contractions are modelled without anthropogenic variables. Our understanding of their independent and interactive effects on model performance remains incomplete but is vital for developing good modelling protocols. Through a virtual ecologist approach, we demonstrate how these data misrepresentations manifest and investigate their effects on model performance.