Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiation imaging using an integrated Radiation Imaging System based on a compact Compton camera under unit 1/2 exhaust stack of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

ABSTRACT The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) went into meltdown after being hit by a large tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011. Measuring and understanding the distribution of radioactive contamination inside the FDNPS is essential for decommissioning work, reducing exposure to workers, and ensuring decontamination. This paper reports the visualization tests of radioactive contamination in the Unit 1/2 exhaust stack of the FDNPS using a compact Compton camera. Fixed-point measurements were conducted using only a Compton camera and moving measurements using an integrated radiation imaging system (iRIS) that combines a Compton camera with a simultaneous localization and mapping device. For the moving measurements, an operator carrying the iRIS acquires data continuously while walking in a passage near the stack. With both types of measurements, high-intensity contamination was detected at the base of the stack, and detailed three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the contamination was obtained from the moving measurement. The fixed-point measurements estimated the source intensity of the contamination from the reconstructed contamination image acquired by the Compton camera. Furthermore, workers can experience the work environment before actual work by importing a 3D structure model into a virtual reality system displaying the contamination image.
Skin Toxicity as Predictor of Survival in Refractory Patients with RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Cetuximab and Avelumab (CAVE) as Rechallenge Strategy

Simple Summary Anti-EGFR-related skin toxicity has been described as a predictive biomarker of response in patients with RAS wild-type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). With the CAVE mCRC trial we previously provided the first evidence of the activity of cetuximab plus avelumab as rechallenge treatment in pretreated chemo-refractory RAS WT mCRC. Nowadays, skin toxicity remains the only confirmed clinical biomarker of response to anti-EGFR treatment in mCRC. The role of skin toxicity has not yet been explored in a rechallenge setting. In this paper we provide a post-hoc analysis of the CAVE mCRC trial that investigated the role of skin toxicity as a predictive biomarker of activity of cetuximab plus avelumab treatment and its correlation with different clinico-molecular variables on survival at the univariate and multivariate levels. High-grade skin toxicity, together to the circulating tumor DNA RAS/BRAF/EGFR wild-type status were the only variables with an impact on PFS and OS. Abstract The single-arm phase II CAVE mCRC trial evaluated the combination of cetuximab plus avelumab as rechallenge strategy in RAS wild-type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, with clinical response to first-line anti-EGFR-based chemotherapy, who progressed and received a subsequent line of therapy. The correlation of skin toxicity (ST) and different clinico-molecular variables with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and response rate (RR) was assessed at univariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 33/77 (42.9%) patients experienced grade 2–3 ST and displayed median OS (mOS) of 17.8 months (CI 95%, 14.9–20.6); whereas 44/77 (57.1%) patients with grade 0–1 ST exhibited mOS of 8.2 months (CI 95%, 5.5–10.9), (hazard ratio (HR), 0.51; CI 95%, 0.29–0.89; p = 0.019). Median PFS (mPFS) was 4.6 months (CI 95%, 3.4–5.7) in patients with grade 2–3 ST, compared to patients with grade 0–1 ST with mPFS of 3.4 months (CI 95%, 2.7–4.1; HR, 0.49; CI 95%, 0.3–0.8; p = 0.004). Grade 2–3 ST (HR, 0.51; CI 95%, 0.29–0.89; p = 0.019) and RAS/BRAF/EGFR WT circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) (HR, 0.50; CI 95%, 0.27–0.9; p = 0.019) had a statistically significant effect on OS at univariate analysis. At the multivariate analysis, RAS/BRAF/EGFR WT ctDNA status maintained statistical significance (HR, 0.49; CI 95%, 0.27–0.9; p = 0.023), whereas there was a trend towards ST grade 2–3 (HR, 0.54; CI 95%, 0.29–1.01; p = 0.054). Skin toxicity is a promising biomarker to identify patients with mCRC that could benefit of anti-EGFR rechallenge.
Queering Indoor Swimming in the UK: Transgender and Non-binary wellbeing

This paper draws from a research project that was initiated in 2017 and continued in to 2020. It followed on from previous University-LGBT + community projects (e.g., football versus homophobia 2012–2018) and involved working with a local transgender social group, specifically, their engagement with once-a-month recreational swim sessions. The research findings that are discussed come from sixty-three research participant's ‘drawings’, three focus groups including a professionally drawn illustration of two of these focus groups, and nine semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the qualitative data demonstrates the significance of play and pleasure, feeling free, and transgender and non-binary imaginations to physical activity participation, and wellbeing. These three themes are presented through the lens of queer/queering and transfeminism. As such, the paper has two aims: to document the experiences of physical activity by an often-excluded group; and to evaluate the concept of queering to an understanding of indoor recreational swimming and wellbeing.
Applicability of Plantation Wood for Blockboard and Fancy Plywood Making

This study focused on the use of plantation wood grown in Taiwan for making wood blockboard and fancy plywood and their actual practice tests. The ultimate goal of the study is to enhance the value of the wood for these uses, thereby stimulating more effective use of forest resources. In the experiment, the wood of plantation China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) was used as central block or ply. The veneers of radiata pine (an imported wood species) were placed near the central layer and also served as the face plies. Then the wood blockboard and the plywood were made. The resulting wood blockboard and plywood were further processed to form the fancy plywood by way of overlaying. Certain property tests were chosen to examine the test panels in an attempt to learn their application potentials. The test results obtained from the static bending of the wood blockboard showed no difference as to whether the glue was applied or if it was not applied to the edge of the wood blocks that formed the core of the panel. As noted, the bending strength was stronger in the parallel grain direction than in perpendicular direction. The use of glue on the edge of the wood blocks caused an adverse effect on the panel stability with a severer warpage result as compared to those blocks without glue on edge. The shear test results indicated that the plywood with China fir veneer as central ply had a comparable glue shear strength to that with radiata pine veneer and that both panels were superior to commercial lauan plywood. The shear through-the-thickness tests of plywood were conducted using the test specimens prepared with the grain of face veneers in the parallel or 45 direction. In both cases, the plywood with radiata pine as the core showed higher shear strengths than those of China fir. The use of China fir veneer core showed a better shear strength than that of commercial lauan plywood when tested in the parallel grain direction of face veneer. The reverse was true in the 45° direction. The study used an ultrasonic wave test to examine the starved joint of plywood defect. The results were promising, indicating the nondestructive test potential. Furthermore, it was found that after applying NC lacquer, the degree of gloss, surface hardness, and wetting angle of the fancy plywood all increased. It is concluded that the plantation wood of China fir may be used as core materials in making blockboard and plywood.
When do poor health increase the risk of subsequent workplace bullying? The dangers of low or absent leadership support

ABSTRACT Studies have shown that mental health problems may lead to workplace bullying, a so-called reversed effect. The current study investigated if this effect can be found also for poor health in general. When the reverse effect occurs is unclear. Supervisor support has been shown to moderate different antecedents and consequences associated with bullying. It was hypothesized that poor health would be a risk factor for bullying and that a supportive leadership style would moderate this risk. Using a two-wave design with 958 participants, logistic regression was used to test the association between health and workplace bullying. A moderation analysis tested supportive leadership style as a moderator. The study resulted in two novel findings: (a) a supportive leadership style has a strong mitigating effect on bullying behaviours, both directly and as a buffer; (b) poor health in general, including poor physical health, about doubles the risk of becoming a victim of workplace bullying. Together, these two findings make a boundary condition for the reverse effect clearer. The reversed effect only seems to be present when the level of leadership support is low or absent.
An Experimental Study Of A Bidirectional Radial Turbine For Pneumatic Wave Energy Conversion

Results of a wind tunnel studies of a bidirectional radial turbine designed for pneumatic water wave energy conversion are presented. The turbine is a single-stage type having one row of rotor blades and two rows of stator blades. The test results compare well with those obtained from a test of a counter-rotating bidirectional axial turbine tested under the same conditions. Because of the relatively simple design of the radial turbine, its manufacture is less complex, making the radial turbine more cost-effective. Both turbines are designed to convert wave-induced air flow energy into electrical energy. the turbine, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The operation and performance of these turbine are discussed in [2], [3] and [4]. Because of the possibility of flap fouling (causing the flap to remain either open or closed), several bidirectional turbines were designed. These bidirectional turbines include those of Wells [5], Babinsten [6], Filipenco [7] and McCormick [8 ] , [9]. These turbines are all axial flow turbines. The McCormick counter-rotating turbine is that sketched in Fig. 1. The turbine discussed herein is radial in design, having a single rotor with arcuate blades and two rows of stators or guide vanes, as sketched in Fig. 3. Because of the design, the rotor travels in the same direction regardless of the direction of the air flow.
A Scoping Study of Livestock Antimicrobials in Agricultural Streams of Alberta

Pharmaceuticals are commonly used in the livestock industry, and studies have demonstrated that some pharmaceuticals can reach receiving water bodies. The main objective of this study was to measure the occurrence and concentration of selected veterinary pharmaceutical compounds commonly used by the livestock industry in Alberta across streams varying in agricultural intensity. A total of 247 water samples were collected from 23 watersheds during the open water season between, May 2005 and May 2006. Samples were analyzed for 27 commonly used veterinary pharmaceuticals from the following compound classes: avermectins, beta lactams, fluoroquinolones, ionophores, lincosamides, macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. Subsequently, 10 antimicrobials were detected: narasin, salinomycin, monensin, sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, sulfadoxine, erythromycin, lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and oxytetracycline. Trace (ng·L–1) concentrations of antimicrobials were detected in 51% of the samples (127 out of 247 samples). Monensin and sulfamethazine were detected most frequently (34% and 8% of samples, respectively). Monensin concentrations ranged from below the detection limit of 2 ng·L–1 to 843 ng·L–1. Monensin detection frequencies in study watersheds were correlated to manure production percentiles and regional cattle densities. Monensin concentrations were found to be significantly correlated to several water quality parameters (e.g., NH3–N). Monensin detection frequencies were found to be significantly higher in the spring than in the fall. Maximum concentrations for the other nine antimicrobials detected ranged between 3 and 250 ng·L–1. The antimicrobials detected and their concentrations were found to be similar to those in some recent European and North American livestock pharmaceutical stream surveys. Findings from this study can inform future monitoring programs and provides ambient concentrations for environmental (fate and transport) and toxicity studies to better evaluate potential risks to humans and the receiving aquatic ecosystems.
Dynamic spectra of 1.3-µm InGaAsP lasers under pseudorandom word modulation

The dynamic spectra of 1.3-μm InGaAsP lasers were studied under low-duty-cycle pulse modulation and under 180- and 432-Mbit/s psendorandnm pulse modulation. The average dynamic spectra of these lasers differ from their dc-bias spectra, and also show variation betweeh low-duty-cycle pulse modulation and pseudorandom pulse modulation due to local heating effect. Under pseudorandom word modulation, no distinctive pulse-to-pulse variation in average dynamic spectra was observed. Transient damping times of the individual longitudinal mode of the average dynamic spectra of 2-4 ns were observed in the turn-on stage. Carrier buildup and decay of the side modes are the cause of these spectral transient responses. Essentially, the same average dynamic spectra were observed at 180 and at 432 Mbit/s where the time slot is less than the transient damping time in the turn-on stage. This suggests that the transient damping time of the individual longitudinal mode in the turn-off stage is much faster than that in the turn-on stage when the laser is biased below threshold. This result is supported by simple calculations from the rate equations which show that when the laser is biased below threshold, the transient damping time in the turn-off stage can be an order of magnitude faster than that in the turn-on stage.
An Industry 4.0 Asset Administration Shell-Enabled Digital Solution for Robot-Based Manufacturing Systems

The increasing penetration of cyber-physical system (CPS) technologies in industry is transforming this environment into a multifaceted system featuring a tight combination of its physical and computational elements, including their digital (virtual) representations, contributing to the concept of an industrial CPS. The German “Industry 4.0” is a key innovation program aimed at realizing industrial CPS. Industry 4.0 is characterized by digital industrial components interacting with each other to become systems meeting flexible industrial demands, e.g., order-controlled production. An asset administration shell (AAS), as defined in the context of the Reference Architectural Model for Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0), is a practical embodiment of the latest buzzword, digital twin, and can be realized with the integration of operation technologies and information and communication technologies. AASs offer an interoperable way to capture key information pertaining to assets, such as intrinsic properties, operational parameters, and technical functionalities, and to enable straightforward interaction over standardized, secure communication with other Industry 4.0 components. The goal of this article is to present the status quo of AAS development, to design an intuitive method for implementing AASs, and to develop an AAS-enabled digital solution for cyber-physical applications in the manufacturing sector. Last but not least, we demonstrate a case study featuring an Industry 4.0 application scenario, i.e., plug-and-produce.
Measurement and Analysis of Settlement Induced by Rectangular Pipe Jacking in Silt Stratum

The large-scale rectangular pipe jacking technology has attracted more and more attention in the construction of urban underground pipe galleries, especially the problem of prediction and control of the surface settlement. Taking the pipe gallery project of Chengbei Road in Suzhou as an example, the settlement values of three groups of monitoring sections under the conditions of natural settlement and synchronous grouting are monitored, and the measured settlement values are compared with Peck formula and random medium theory. The results show that the Peck formula is more accurate in predicting the natural settlement within 1.5 times the pipe jacking width, while the stochastic medium theory is more accurate in predicting the settlement beyond the width. By comparing the field test and theory, the suggestions on the prediction of ground settlement of rectangular pipe jacking of large scale are put forward. The results of this study provide a basis for subsequent related research work and engineering applications.
Comparative Analysis of Metal and Composite Materials for the Primary Structures of a Patrol Craft

This paper compares composite materials to steel and aluminum to be used for the primary structures of a patrol craft. The process of selecting materials and fabrication techniques is described with consideration given to performance, producibility, ease of fabrication, maintainability, cost and fire resistance. A design optimization is carried out for each structural panel to select the best compromise between cost and weight. An example of a panel, scantlings and frame spacing optimization is described in detail. After carrying out similar optimizations for all parts of the ship structure, a complete structure weight and cost estimate is made and compared for the various materials considered. Several composite material options are examined. The respective hull girder strength and rigidity of the various structures considered are compared and the impact of hull girder bending on shaft bearing loads is described. The overall impact of using different material types is addressed by using whole-ship design synthesis models to emphasize the importance of structural weight reduction with regard to powering requirements and fuel consumption. Overall ship construction and life cycle costs is also addressed.
ICTs and regional sustainability: A critique and a way forward

Claims have been made about the role of ICTs in regional sustainability for some time. However, ICT initiatives have often stalled for a number of reasons: • They are largely ICT supply-driven and fail to specify and address the local cultural impediments and opportunities. In particular, they mis-specify and under resource the human infrastructure required; • They do not take account of the dynamics of the global ICT industry; • They are overoptimistic about the productivity improvement ICTs can bring in traditional industries; and • They often overlook the importance of content per se. Are there more realistic models of the role of ICTs in regional development? From the participatory action research we have conducted in two rural communities in Queensland, Australia, we suggest that more realistic and potentially effective models must: • Achieve clarity in specifying sustainability goals; • Leverage micro-business enterprise development off government funded technical and human infrastructure provision, and build on local industry strengths; • Learn from global experiences whilst building on local assets; • Find innovative business models to capitalise on new opportunities for content and applications; • Ensure community involvement in deciding, planning and evaluating projects; and • Adopt a learning approach through cycles of evaluation based on action research.
An Investigation on Seasonal and Diurnal Cycles of TOA Shortwave Radiations from DSCOVR/EPIC, CERES, MERRA-2, and ERA5

Reflected shortwave (SW) solar radiations at the top of atmosphere from Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES), Modern Era-Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2), and ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation (ERA5) are examined to better understand their differences in spatial and temporal variations (seasonal and diurnal cycle timescale) with respect to the observations from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite. Comparisons between two reanalyses (MERRA-2 and ERA5) and EPIC reveal that MERRA-2 has a generally larger deviation from EPIC than ERA5 in terms of the SW radiance and diurnal variability in all seasons, which can be attributed to larger cloud biases in MERRA-2. MERRA-2 produces more ice/liquid water content than ERA5 over the tropical warm pool, leading to positive SW biases in cloud and radiance, while both reanalyses underestimate the observed SW radiance from EPIC in the stratus-topped region off the western coast of US/Mexico in the boreal summer. Himalaya/Tibet region in the boreal spring/summer and the midlatitude Southern Hemisphere in the boreal winter are the regions where MERRA-2 and ERA5 deviate largely from EPIC, but their deviations have the opposite sign. Vertical structures of cloud ice/liquid water content explain reasonably well these contrasting differences between the two reanalyses. As two independent observations, CERES and EPIC agree well with each other in terms of the SW radiance maps, showing 2–3% mean absolute errors over the tropical midlatitudes. The CERES-EPIC consistency further confirms that the reanalyses still have challenges in representing the SW flux and its global distribution. In the CERES-EPIC observation differences, CERES slightly overestimates the diurnal cycle (as a function of local solar time) of the observed EPIC irradiance in the morning and underestimates it in the afternoon, while the opposite is the case in the reanalyses.
The flexible rolling schedule for infinite-horizon optimality in generation expansion planning

Prevailing approaches for reducing end effects in finite-horizon generation expansion planning (i.e. truncated, static post-horizon, salvage value, dual equilibrium, and rolling schedule) are compared, and the computationally efficient flexible rolling schedule introduced. The flexible rolling schedule is a general system-specific heuristic approximation for infinite-horizon optimal solutions. The significance of the baseload construction rate for infinite-horizon optimality is identified. >
Velocity characteristics in the wake of an oscillating cylinder

This thesis describes the results of over 2000 experimental runs conduced at the MIT Ship Model Testing Tank. A rake of constant temperature anemometers is employed to study the spanwise velocity correlation and the vertical velocity profile downstream of a vibrating cylinder. Experiments involve either free vibration implemented through a force feedback system or forced sinusoidal motion. All experiments are conducted at a towing speed within the subcritical flow regime at Re ≈ 3× 10. This thesis explores the connection between these downstream velocity properties and the vortex-induced vibrations of the cylinder. In addition to downstream velocities, experimental data include lift and drag forces and cylinder displacement. Vortices are found to be correlated along the entire length of the test cylinder only within a specific band of motion amplitudes and frequencies. Overall, forced oscillations produce vortices that are more organized and well correlated than those shed from a freely vibrating cylinder. Thesis Supervisor: Michael S. Triantafyllou Title: Professor, Department of Ocean Engineering, MIT