Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modification of the Surface Composition of PTB7-Th: ITIC Blend Using an Additive

We investigated the effect of adding p-anisaldehyde (AA) solvent to the ink containing poly[[2,60-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b:3,3-b]dithiophene][3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]](PTB7-Th) and 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:20,30-d0]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b0]-dithiophene(ITIC) on the morphology of the active layer. The present study focuses on determining the effect of the additive on the compositions at the surface of the PTB7-Th: ITIC composite and its morphology, forming one side of the interface of the blend with the MoOX electrode, and the influence of the structural change on the performance of devices. Studies of device performance show that the addition of the additive AA leads to an improvement in device performance. Upon the addition of AA, the concentration of PTB7-Th at the surface of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) increases, causing an increase in surface roughness of the surface of the BHJ. This finding contributes to an understanding of the interaction between the donor material and high work function electrode/interface material. The implications for the interface are discussed.
New tests of local Lorentz invariance of gravity with small-eccentricity binary pulsars

Some alternative gravity theories allow the Universal matter distribution to single out the existence of a preferred frame, which breaks the symmetry of local Lorentz invariance (LLI) for the gravitational interaction. In the post-Newtonian parametrization of semi-conservative gravity theories, LLI violation is characterized by two parameters, α1 and α2. In binary pulsars, the isotropic violation of Lorentz invariance in the gravitational sector should lead to characteristic preferred frame effects (PFEs) in the orbital dynamics, if the barycenter of the binary is moving relative to the preferred frame with a velocity w. For small-eccentricity binaries, the effects induced by and (the hat indicates possible modifications by strong-field effects) decouple, and can therefore be tested independently. We use recent timing results of two compact pulsar-white dwarf binaries with known three-dimensional velocity, PSRs J1012+5307 and J1738+0333 to constrain PFEs for strongly self-gravitating bodies, by assuming the isotropic cosmic microwave background to single out a preferred frame. The time derivative of the projected semi-major axis is used to constrain a precession of the orbital plane around w due to PFEs. From this, we derive a limit at 95% confidence level, which is the most constraining limit for strongly self-gravitating systems up to now, however, still three orders of magnitude weaker than the best Solar system limit for the corresponding weak-field parameter α2. Concerning , we propose a new, robust method to constrain this parameter, which avoids the probabilistic considerations inherent in previous methods. This method is based on the fact that a PFE-induced intrinsic eccentricity cannot stay unobserved during a long-term observation due to the significant precession of periastron in binary pulsar with short orbital periods. Our most conservative result, at 95% confidence level from PSR J1738+0333, constitutes a significant improvement compared to current most stringent limits obtained both in the Solar system and binary pulsar tests. We also derive corresponding limits for and for a preferred frame that is at rest with respect to our Galaxy, and preferred frames that locally co-move with the rotation of our Galaxy. These limits will continue to improve significantly with future pulsar timing observations conducted at large radio telescopes. Communicated by C M Will
THE EMERGENCE OF NEGATIVE SUPERHUMPS IN CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES: SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS

Negative superhumps are believed to arise in cataclysmic variable systems when the accretion disk is tilted with respect to the orbital plane. Slow retrograde precession of the line-of-nodes results in a signal—the negative superhump—with a period slightly less than the orbital period. Previous studies have shown that tilted disks exhibit negative superhumps, but a consensus on how a disk initially tilts has not been reached. Analytical work by Lai (1999, ApJ, 524, 1030) suggests that a magnetic field on the primary can lead to a tilt instability in a disk when the dipole moment is offset in angle from the spin axis of the primary and when the primary’s spin axis is, itself, not aligned with the angular momentum axis of the binary orbit. However, Lai did not apply his work to the formation of negative superhumps. In this paper, we add Lai’s model to an existing smoothed particle hydrodynamics code. Using this code, we demonstrate the emergence of negative superhumps in the “light curve” for a range of magnetic dipole moments. We show that the period deficits calculated from these negative superhumps match those in simulations using manually tilted disks. When positive superhumps appear ( q ≲ 0.33 ? > ), we show that the period excesses calculated from these signals are also consistent with previous results. Using examples, we show that the disks are tilted, though the tilt varies periodically, and that they precess in the retrograde direction. The magnetic fields found to lead to the emergence of negative superhumps lie in the kilogauss regime.
Impurity-induced antiferromagnetic order in Pauli-limited nodal superconductors: Application to heavy-fermion CeCoIn5

We investigate the properties of the coexistence phase of itinerant antiferromagnetism and nodal $d$-wave superconductivity (Q-phase) discovered in heavy fermion CeCoIn5 under applied magnetic field. We solve the minimal model that includes $d$-wave superconductivity and underlying magnetic correlations in real space to elucidate the structure of the $Q$-phase in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. We further focus on the role of magnetic impurities, and show that they nucleate the Q-phase at lower magnetic fields. Our most crucial finding is that, even at zero applied field, dilute magnetic impurities cooperate via RKKY-like exchange interactions to generate a long-range ordered coexistence state identical to the Q-phase. This result is in agreement with recent neutron scattering measurements [S. Raymond et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. {\bf 83}, 013707 (2014)].
COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS IN A PARTIALLY IONIZED MEDIUM. II. BALMER EMISSION

Strong shocks propagating into a partially ionized medium are often associated with optical Balmer lines. This emission is due to impact excitation of neutral hydrogen by hot protons and electrons in the shocked gas. The structure of such Balmer-dominated shocks has been computed in a previous paper, where the distribution function of neutral particles was derived from the appropriate Boltzmann equation including coupling with ions and electrons through charge exchange and ionization. This calculation showed how the presence of neutrals can significantly modify the shock structure through the formation of a neutral-induced precursor ahead of the shock. Here we follow up on our previous work and investigate the properties of the resulting Balmer emission, with the aim of using the observed radiation as a diagnostic tool for shock parameters. Our main focus is on supernova remnant shocks, and we find that, for typical parameters, the Hα emission typically has a three-component spectral profile, where (1) a narrow component originates from upstream cold hydrogen atoms, (2) a broad component comes from hydrogen atoms that have undergone charge exchange with shocked protons downstream of the shock, and (3) an intermediate component is due to hydrogen atoms that have undergone charge exchange with warm protons in the neutral-induced precursor. The relative importance of these three components depends on the shock velocity, on the original degree of ionization, and on the electron–ion temperature equilibration level. The intermediate component, which is the main signature of the presence of a neutral-induced precursor, becomes negligible for shock velocities ≲ 1500 km s−1. The width of the intermediate line reflects the temperature in the precursor, while the width of the narrow one is left unaltered by the precursor. In addition, we show that the profiles of both the intermediate and broad components generally depart from a thermal distribution, as a consequence of the non-equilibrium distribution of neutral hydrogen. Finally, we show that a significant amount of Balmer emission can be produced in the precursor region if efficient electron heating takes place.
Effect of Maternal Triclosan Exposure on Neonatal Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective This study is aimed at assessing the relationship between maternal urinary triclosan (uTCS) exposure and the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level of infant cord blood. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2019-2020 in Isfahan, Iran, and 99 pregnant women participated in the study. Urine samples were collected after the 28th week of pregnancy, and the concentration of TCS was measured using GC/MS. The cord blood levels of TSH (CBL-TSH) were measured. The association between uTCS and CBL-TSH was examined based on the general linear model. Results TCS was detected (≥0.01 ng/mL) in 100% of the urine samples, with the interquartile range (25%-75%) of uTCS levels 0.6-6.23 μg/g Cr. uTCS was not associated with CBL-TSH after adjustment for covariates. A significant relationship was observed between CBL-TSH of neonates born to mothers who had given birth only once compared to mothers who had given birth twice or more times. Conclusions Maternal exposure to TCS did not affect the infant CBL-TSH. However, the high concentrations of TCS in maternal urinary samples indicate the necessity of more precise regulations to decrease the use of this chemical in the industry and increase public awareness about using TCS-free compounds.
GLOBULAR CLUSTERS, ULTRACOMPACT DWARFS, AND DWARF GALAXIES IN ABELL 2744 AT A REDSHIFT OF 0.308

We report a photometric study of globular clusters (GCs), ultracompact dwarfs (UCDs), and dwarf galaxies in the giant merging galaxy cluster Abell 2744 at z = 0.308. Color–magnitude diagrams of the point sources derived from deep F814W (rest frame r′) and F105W (rest frame I) images of Abell 2744 in the Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Field show a rich population of point sources, which have colors that are similar to those of typical GCs. These sources are as bright as (26.0 < F814W(Vega) ≤ 29.5) mag, being mostly UCDs and bright GCs in Abell 2744. The luminosity function (LF) of these sources shows a break at (F814W ≈ 28.0) mag, indicating a boundary between UCDs and bright GCs. The numbers of GCs and UCDs are estimated to be 1,711,640+589,760−430,500 and 147 ± 26, respectively. The clustercentric radial number density profiles of the UCDs and bright GCs show similar slopes, but these profiles are much steeper than those of the dwarf galaxies and the mass density profile based on gravitational lensing analysis. We derive an LF of the red sequence galaxies for mag. The faint end of this LF is fit well by a flat power law with , showing no faint upturn. These results support the galaxy-origin scenario for bright UCDs: they are the nuclei of dwarf galaxies that are stripped when they pass close to the center of massive galaxies or a galaxy cluster, while some of the faint UCDs are at the bright end of the GCs.
Gravity waves from extreme-mass-ratio plunges into Kerr black holes

Massive objects orbiting a near-extreme Kerr black hole quickly plunge into the horizon after passing the innermost stable circular orbit. The plunge trajectory is shown to be related by a conformal map to a circular orbit. Conformal symmetry of the near-horizon region is then used to compute the gravitational radiation produced during the plunge phase.
Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Antioxidants in the Immune System of the Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata

A water environment can impact many physiological processes of aquatic animals. The antioxidant response of immune system of the pearl oyster to temperature and salinity is of great significance to health. This study analyzed the physiological changes and immune responses under different temperature and salinity levels (temperature: 20, 25, and 30 °C; salinity: 23, 28, and 33‰) in the short term (7 d) in the hepatopancreas and other tissues of 405 pearl oysters. The combined effects of temperature and salinity on antioxidants in the immune system of the pearl oyster were evaluated via response surface methodology and Box–Benhnken design (BBD) under laboratory conditions. The secondary effects of salinity on the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significant, and CAT and SOD showed an inverted U-shaped trend with the increase in salinity. Temperature significantly impacted GSH-PX, CAT, glutathione (GSH), and SOD in primary and secondary effects, and the maximum values of CAT, GSH, and SOD were observed. The phenoloxidase (POX) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities increased with the increasing temperatures. The interaction of temperature and salinity was significant on CAT and SOD, but was not significant on GSH-PX. The interaction between salinity and temperature on AKP was significant, which was contrary to the results of AKP in the hemolymph. The expression levels of antioxidant genes varied between tissues, and the expression levels of different genes in the same tissue were different. Appropriate immunity and antioxidant index models were established under the combined temperature and salinity conditions. The optimal combination of temperature and salinity was 24.95 °C and 28.11‰, respectively, and the desirability was 0.803. This study provides theoretical reference points for the pearl oyster to respond to temperature and salinity changes and can be used to establish an index model for shellfish aquaculture.
FACTORS AFFECTING BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE TIME IN PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS: A SINGLE CENTER ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, patients who underwent salvage Radiotherapy (RT) after biochemical recurrence (BCR) were evaluated retrospectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the time to biochemical recurrence and salvage RT after radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: In XXX Hospital, patients with prostate cancer who received salvage RT between 01.01. 2011 and 01.01. 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy for prostate adenocarcinoma, and received salvage RT for PSA (Prostate-specific antigen) recurrence, were included. Patients who received post-surgery hormone therapy, and received definitive or palliative RT, were excluded. SPSS Ver. 22 software package was used for statistical analysis and the statistical significance limit was accepted as p≤0.05. Results: Results of 84 patients who met the criteria of the study were analyzed. The median follow-up was 78.5 (range 28-172) months and the median time between surgery and RT was 23.7 (range 5.1-136.9) months. The relationship between the time from surgery to BCR and the GS was statistically significant; the median time was 16.3 (2.17-125.9) months in the group with GS ≤8, and 8.9 (2.8-20.3) months in the group with GS 9-10 (p=0.05). The relationship between the time from surgery to BCR and T stage was statistically significant. In subgroup analysis, this difference was seen between T3A and T3B stages. That time was 17.8 (range 2.17-73.77) months in T3A and 8.7 (range 2.8-29.6) months in T3B stages (p=0.02). The relationship between the level of nadir PSA and the median time between surgery and BCR was significant. It was median 20.6 (range 5.4-65.2) months in patients with PSA< 0.03 and 8.8 (range 2.2-125.9) months in patients with PSA ≥0.03 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: BCR time is shorter in patients with high GS, advanced T stage, and high postoperative PSA nadir.
Contrasting features of anisotropic loop quantum cosmologies: The role of spatial curvature

A characteristic feature of loop quantization of the isotropic and Bianchi-I spacetimes is the existence of universal bounds on the energy density and the expansion and shear scalars, independent of the matter content. We investigate the properties of these physical quantities in Bianchi-II and Bianchi-IX spacetimes, which have been recently loop quantized using the connection operator approach. Using the effective Hamiltonian approach, we show that for Bianchi-II spacetime, energy density and the expansion and shear scalars turn out to be bounded, albeit not by universal values. In Bianchi-IX spacetime, when the approach to the classical singularity is isotropic, above physical quantities are bounded. In addition, for all other cases, where the approach to singularities is not isotropic and effective dynamics can be trusted, these quantities turn out to be finite. These results stand in sharp distinction to general relativity, where above physical quantities are generically unbounded, leading to the break down of geodesic equations. In contrast to the isotropic and Bianchi-I models, we find the role of energy conditions for Bianchi-II model and the inverse triad modifications for Bianchi-IX to be significant to obtain above bounds. These results bring out subtle physical distinctions between the quantization using holonomies over closed loops performed for isotropic and Bianchi-I models, and the connection operator approach. We find that qualitative differences in physics exist for these quantization methods even for the isotropic models in the presence of spatial curvature. We highlight these important differences in the behavior of the expansion scalar in the holonomy based quantization and connection operator approach for isotropic spatially closed and open models.
Description and complete mitochondrial genome of Atkinsoniella zizhongi sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) from China and its phylogenetic implications

A new species, Atkinsoniella zizhongi sp. nov. of the subfamily Cicadellinae, was described and illustrated from China. The new species is similar to A. nigrominiatula (Jacobi, 1944), A. limba Kuoh, 1991, A. dormana Li, 1992, A. peaka Yang, Meng et Li, 2017, and A. divaricata Yang, Meng et Li, 2017. But the characteristics of aedeagus and pygofer process can be used to distinguish them easily. The complete mitochondrial genome of the paratype was sequenced and assembled. The mitogenome of A. zizhongi sp. nov. was 16,483 bp in length, with an A+T content of 75.9%, containing 37 typical genes and a control region (CR). The gene order was consistent with the inferred insect ancestral mitochondrial genome. All of the PCGs were determined to have the typical stop codon TAA or TAG, while COX2 and ND5 ended with incomplete termination codons T and TA, respectively. In addition, phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on PCGs and rRNAs using both the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. The results showed that the intergeneric and interspecific relationships within the subfamily Cicadellinae were completely consistent in all of the phylogenetic trees, except that the different interspecific relationships within the genus Bothrogonia were detected in the ML analysis based on the amino acid sequences. This study enriches the species diversity of Cicadellinae and further promotes research on its phylogeny.
Effect of Cu substitution on anion redox behaviour in P3-type sodium manganese oxides

Sodium layered oxides which display oxygen anion redox behaviour are considered promising positive electrodes for sodium-ion batteries because they offer increased specific capacities. However, they suffer from irreversible structural changes resulting in significant capacity loss and limited oxygen redox reversibility. Here the effect of Cu substitution on the electrochemical performance of P3-type sodium manganese oxide is examined by evaluating the structural and electronic structural evolution upon cycling, supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Over the voltage range 1.8–3.8 V vs. Na/Na+, where the redox reactions of the transition metal ions contribute entirely towards the charge compensation mechanism, stable cycling performance is maintained, showing a capacity retention of 90% of the initial discharge capacity of 166 mA h g−1 after 40 cycles at 10 mA g−1. Over an extended voltage range of 1.8–4.3 V vs. Na/Na+, oxygen anion redox is invoked, with a voltage hysteresis of 110 mV and a greater initial discharge capacity of 195 mA h g−1 at 10 mA g−1 is reached. Ex-situ powder x-ray diffraction patterns reveal distortion of the P3 structure to P′3 after charge to 4.3 V, and then transformation to O′3 upon discharge to 1.8 V, which contributes towards the capacity fade observed between the voltage range 1.8–4.3 V. DFT with projected density of states calculations reveal a strong covalency between the copper and oxygen atoms which facilitate both the cationic and anionic redox reactions in P3-type Na0.67Mn0. 9Cu0.1O2.
Relationship of Mergers and Acquisitions with Financial Performance: Indian Evidence

In this paper an attempt has been made to investigate the level of relationship between acquisitions/mergers and operating financial performance by making the pre and post-merger comparison of operating financial performance. The researchers have studied various aspects such as Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), Debt Equity Ratio, Return on Net worth (RONW), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Earning per Share (EPS) and Price to Earnings Ratio (P/E) so as to ascertain the relationship between pre and post-merger operating financial performance of the acquirers. For this purpose two industries are taken into consideration such as, aviation industry and oil and gas industry. The reference period of five years has been taken for every firm. The findings put forth by the study affirm that the inorganic growth decisions have not gone well, particularly, in the aviation industry for the financial performance has gone from bad to worse, however, the oil and gas industry has put forth mixed results.
Exponents of intrachain correlation for self-avoiding walks and knotted self-avoiding polygons

We show numerically that critical exponents for two-point intrachain correlation of an infinite chain characterize those of finite chains in self-avoiding walk (SAW) and self-avoiding polygon (SAP) under a topological constraint. We evaluate short-distance exponents θ(i, j) through the probability distribution functions of the distance between the ith and jth vertices of N-step SAW (or SAP with a knot) for all pairs (1 ⩽ i, j ⩽ N). We construct the contour plot of θ(i, j), and express it as a function of i and j. We suggest that it has quite a simple structure. Here exponents θ(i, j) generalize des Cloizeaux’s three critical exponents for short-distance intrachain correlation of SAW, and we show the crossover among them. We also evaluate the diffusion coefficient of knotted SAP for a few knot types, which can be calculated with the probability distribution functions of the distance between two nodes.