Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The asymmetric relationship between volatility index and volatility-of-volatility index

ABSTRACT We use the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model to assess the asymmetric relationship between the Chicago Board Options Exchange’s volatility index (VIX) and volatility-of-volatility index (VVIX) over the period January 2007 to March 2020. To control for potentially confounding factors, we include measures for economic policy uncertainty and the volatility risk premium. There are three key findings. First, we find that there is an asymmetric long run cointegrating positive relationship running from VVIX to VIX. In this long run relationship, VIX is more responsive to deceases in VVIX than increases in VVIX. Second, we also find an asymmetric short run relationship between VIX and VVIX. However, in contrast to the long run results, for the short run VIX is more responsive to increases in VVIX than decreases in VVIX. Third, consistent with other studies, we find that in the long run VIX rises with greater economic policy uncertainty but falls with increases in the volatility risk premium. We discuss the implications of our findings for practitioners in risk and portfolio management, derivative pricing, and trading.
Targeting of p21-Activated Kinase 4 Radiosensitizes Glioblastoma Cells via Impaired DNA Repair

Glioblastoma is a devastating malignant disease with poor patient overall survival. Strong invasiveness and resistance to radiochemotherapy have challenged the identification of molecular targets that can finally improve treatment outcomes. This study evaluates the influence of all six known p21-activated kinase (PAK) protein family members on the invasion capacity and radio-response of glioblastoma cells by employing a siRNA-based screen. In a panel of human glioblastoma cell models, we identified PAK4 as the main PAK isoform regulating invasion and clonogenic survival upon irradiation and demonstrated the radiosensitizing potential of PAK4 inhibition. Mechanistically, we show that PAK4 depletion and pharmacological inhibition enhanced the number of irradiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and reduced the expression levels of various DNA repair proteins. In conclusion, our data suggest PAK4 as a putative target for radiosensitization and impairing DNA repair in glioblastoma, deserving further scrutiny in extended combinatorial treatment testing.
Correlation between HbA1C and Infarct Volume in Acute Ischemic Stroke

BACKGROUND: Stroke is second leading cause of death worldwide. Chronic hyperglycemia can promote neuronal toxicity. The previous study shows that acute hyperglycemia is correlated with infarct volume of ischemic stroke. AIM: This study aims to investigate the correlation between hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and infarct volume on acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study in acute ischemic stroke patient in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. Data of infarct volume were collected from head computed tomography (CT)-scan and calculated with A × B × C/2 formula. We also collected lipid and patients’ glycemic profile from patients’ blood laboratory result. Head CT-scan and laboratory data of participants analyzed with Pearson and Spearman’s rho test for parametric and non-parametric data, respectively. We also performed multivariate analysis to evaluate confounding covariates. p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 38 participants were included in this study, with mean infarct volume was 0.46 ± 0.64cc and mean HbA1C was 6.96 ± 2.69%. Bivariate analysis shows strong positive correlation between infarct volume and HbA1C with r = 0.898 (p < 0.001). Other variable that showed a significant correlation with infarct volume were diabetes mellitus history (r = 0.671; p < 0.001), random blood su gar (r = 0.466; p = 0.003), fasting blood sugar (r = 0.636; p < 0.001), 2-h postprandial glucose level (r = 0.646; p ≤ 0.001), high density lipoprotein (r = −0.354; p = 0.029), and triglyceride (r = 0.429; p = 0.007). Based on multivariate analysis, HbA1C regression coefficient on infarct volume was B = 0.222 (p < 0.001), indicating that HbA1C as one of the variables contributing to volume of infarct. CONCLUSIONS: There is a strong positive correlation between infarct volume and HbA1C, and HbA1C is variable contribute to the volume of infarct.
Mobile Health Applications to Tackle Obesity and Assist Weight-Management Goals among Adults

Today, there is not merely a public-health crisis regarding obesity, but a worldwide epidemic. To a degree, clinically significant reductions in weight can be pursued via intensive, conventional interventions to address behaviour. Nonetheless, limits on resources, and the associated costs, make this approach problematic in terms of scalability. As regards intervention content, and as a means of tackling these challenges, researchers have recently devoted more attention to mobile devices and the Internet. A range of behavioural factors generates obesity. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies target these factors and seek to change them, in order to foster healthier lifestyles. Given its portable and relatively inexpensive nature, mHealth comprises a potentially important means of mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with obesity, as well as the social costs that the condition incurs. The present study seeks to interrogate the extant evidence for the efficacy of mHealth in mitigating the costs of obesity and effecting weight management. It also reviews some of the smartphone applications (apps) associated with the mHealth paradigm. These apps will be considered in terms of their challenges and implications, as well as their potential. In fact, extant research data do suggest that mHealth apps may be delivered remotely, at relatively little cost, as a means of managing adult obesity, and crucially, that they may be deployed more successfully than traditional care. In other words, mHealth evinces much potential, albeit with the caveat that the technology is still in its infancy. It may be some time before its full capacity as a means of reducing obesity is fully exploited. Substantial future research on this issue will be necessary, and it must address cost effectiveness, long-term outcomes, user engagement and the development of applications. Such research will, in due course, allow us to appraise the true feasibility of using mHealth apps as a permanent, and expanding, tool for obesity reduction and weight management.
The dynamics of foreign direct investment and exchange rates: An interconnection approach in ASEAN

Abstract This paper examines the direct and spillover effects of exchange rate on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in a panel of ASEAN countries from 2001 to 2018. We utilize the spatial econometric approach to accommodate the nature of spatial dependence among ASEAN countries. Our results suggest that the effect of the exchange rate depends on the source-region of FDI, implying the existence of spatial heterogeneity in ASEAN’s FDI. We also show that FDI inflows in ASEAN are not only influenced by the exchange rate of the country itself but also by those of the neighboring countries.
Psychobiotics in the treatment of depression: a new look at mental health – a systematic search review

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a multifactorial psychic disorder, conventionally treated with antidepressant medications. The symptoms caused by the depressive symptomatology itself and the side effects caused by the medications are some of the factors that negatively interfere in the adherence to pharmacological treatments. Currently, after probiotics have shown psychotropic effects, the scientific field has intensified efforts to understand whether probiotic supplementation serves as a treatment for psychiatric disorders. Therefore, the present study formulated the following question: can psychobiotics (probiotics) be denoted as a treatment for Major Depressive Disorder? Objective: to answer the guiding question through a review of studies that supplemented psychobiotics with the intention of treating Major Depressive Disorder. Methodology: for this review, a systematic search was designed, where, during the month of September 2021, the searches took place in the databases; Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scielo, using the descriptors “probiotics AND depression AND dysbiosis” in English and Portuguese, and filters for the selection of studies published between 2005 and 2021. After selecting the materials, the duplicates were managed in EndNote, and the methodological quality of randomized trials was assessed using the Risk of Bias-2 (ROB 2) tool. Results: there was a preference for 10 studies; preclinical (n=4), randomized (n=5) and open pilot (n=1), which met the inclusion criteria, and showed significant results on depression scores on psychiatric scales; demonstrating the decrease in anhedonia, cognitive reactivity, and insomnia in patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder, in addition, significant changes were observed on factors that may be associated with the pathogenesis of depression, such as dysbiosis, and the inflammatory state in the face of the decrease of inflammatory biomarkers. Final considerations: according to the data review, the following answer was obtained for the guiding question: psychobiotics can be denoted as a treatment for Major Depressive Disorder. However, due to the need for a better understanding of the gut-brain axis and the mechanisms of action of psychobiotics, supplementation is recommended as an adjunctive therapy to antidepressant drugs. Therefore, studies with larger samples and longer intervention periods should be performed.
Hamilton-Jacobi Equations with Discontinuous Source Terms

We study the initial-value problem for a Hamilton-Jacobi equation whose Hamiltonian is discontinuous with respect to state variables. Our motivation comes from a model describing the two dimensional nucleation in crystal growth phenomena. A typical equation has a semicontinuous source term. We introduce a new notion of viscosity solutions and prove among other results that the initial-value problem admits a unique global-in-time uniformly continuous solution for any bounded uniformly continuous initial data. We also give a representation formula of the solution as a value function by the optimal control theory with a semicontinuous running cost function.
The Impact of CSR Perceptions on Employees’ Turnover Intention during the COVID-19 Crisis in China

The COVID-19 pandemic has created tremendous challenges for organizations’ corporate social responsibility (CSR), communication, and relationship management with internal stakeholders such as employees. This study conducted an online survey of 466 employees working for large Chinese corporations during the pandemic. A structural equation model based on insights from expectancy violation theory was used to examine how negative violation valence increases employees’ turnover intention as mediated by uncertainty, CSR cynicism, and distrust. The survey results showed that employees’ negative violation valence positively influenced their uncertainty about their organizations’ CSR activities, which fostered their cynicism about CSR and distrust of their organization. Employees’ CSR cynicism increased their distrust toward their organizations, which increased their turnover intention. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed as well.
Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis on Diploid and Polyploid Populus ussuriensis Kom. under Salt Stress

Populus ussuriensis Kom. is a valuable forest regeneration tree species in the eastern mountainous region of Northeast China. It is known that diploid P. ussuriensis (CK) performed barely satisfactorily under salt stress, but the salt stress tolerance of polyploid (i.e., triploid (T12) and tetraploid (F20)) P. ussuriensis is still unknown. In order to compare the salt stress tolerance and salt stress response mechanism between diploid and polyploid P. ussuriensis, phenotypic observation, biological and biochemistry index detections, and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed on CK, T12, and F20. Phenotypic observation and leaf salt injury index analysis indicated CK suffered more severe salt injury than T12 and F20. SOD and POD activity detections indicated the salt stress response capacity of T12 was stronger than that of CK and F20. MDA content, proline content and relative electric conductivity detections indicated CK suffered the most severe cell-membrane damage, and T12 exhibited the strongest osmoprotective capacity under salt stress. Transcriptome analysis indicated the DEGs of CK, T12, and F20 under salt stress were different in category and change trend, and there were abundant WRKY, NAM, MYB and AP2/ERF genes among the DEGs in CK, T12, and F20 under salt stress. GO term enrichment indicated the basic growth progresses of CK, and F20 was obviously influenced, while T12 immediately launched more salt stress response processes in 36 h after salt stress. KEGG enrichment indicated the DEGs of CK mainly involved in plant–pathogen interaction, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, degradation of aromatic compounds, plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism pathways. The DEGs of T12 were mainly involved in plant–pathogen interaction, cysteine and methionine metabolism, phagosomes, biosynthesis of amino acids, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. The DEGs of F20 were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interaction, zeatin biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism pathways. In conclusion, triploid exhibited stronger salt stress tolerance than tetraploid and diploid P. ussuriensis (i.e., T12 > F20 > CK). The differences between the DEGs of CK, T12, and F20 probably are the key clues for discovering the salt stress response signal transduction network in P. Ussuriensis.
The origin of industrial workers and rural in situ urbanization in Temanggung Regency, Indonesia

ABSTRACT As part of the urbanization process, the origin of industrial workers can characterize the type and distribution of rural in situ urbanization. The case of Temanggung Regency, Indonesia, demonstrates the industrial growth of the rural population initially from that agricultural to industrial and urban activities. This study contributes to a contextual explanation of the roles of local workers and resources in the rural in situ urbanization process. The research found that push and pull factors of urban growth exist in the same location of rural areas, promoting reclassification of urban areas. These factors transform the rural hinterland area into a nascent centre of urban activities, which has a lower rate of regional migration due to the lower level of rural wages. Therefore, local workers and resources are essential for rural industrialization and in situ urbanization.
Research agendas and culture: a new approach to analysing the academic profession in Asia and Europe

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the research agendas of academics in Asia and Europe with reference to cultural influences rooted in the two continents. Unlike studies on the influence of culture on research that focus on only one or a few countries, this study explores the relationship between cultural dimensions and research agendas at the continental level, across Europe and Asia. The study uses general linear modelling with interaction terms to identify how cultural dimensions influence research agendas and how their influence differs between Europe and Asia. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions model and the Multidimensional Research Agendas Inventory-Revised scale are adopted in this study, as measures of cultural dimensions and research agenda-setting, respectively. The results show that culture influences several aspects of research agenda-setting in both Asia and Europe, but these dynamics are not always identical across continents. These findings are relevant both for academics studying the cultural dynamics of science, and also for policymakers who need to consider these cultural dimensions while striving to promote specific research agendas.
First-Principles Calculations of Hydration Reaction in Proton Conductive Rare-Earth Phosphates

Several kinds of acceptor-doped oxides are known as proton conductors. In general cases, oxide ion vacancies ( ••) are introduced into the acceptor-doped oxides during high temperature sintering processes in order to compensate charges of the acceptors. When temperatures decrease and synthesized samples are exposed to wet atmospheres, some oxides shows hydration reaction of •• and protons dissolve in crystal lattices of the oxides. In case of proton conductive phosphates, similar hydration reactions occur but detail mechanisms are thought to be different. This is because tetrahedral coordinations of phosphate ion, (PO4), is a stable form and vacant O sites, which make a dangling bond around a phosphorous ion, seems to be energetically unfavourable. Amezawa et al. [1] have proposed that pyrophosphate ions, (P2O7), by condensation reactions will form in acceptor-doped phosphates. After hydration, hydrogen phosphate ions, (HPO4), thought to be created. In comparison with general proton conductive crystalline oxides such as BaZrO3, point defect reactions related to hydration behavior in phosphates are complicated and need to be theoretically investigated in detail. In this study, point defects in proton conductive rare-earth phosphates such as YPO4, LaPO4 and LaP3O9 are studied by first principles calculations. Total energy calculations were performed using VASP code. Cut-off energy for plane wave basis sets were 400 eV and GGA-PBE type of exchange correlation potentials were used. The mesh sizes of k-points sampling are 3  3  3, 3  3  3, and 2  2  2 for YPO4, LaPO4 and LaP3O9, respectively. For calculations of defective YPO4, LaPO4 and LaP3O9 systems, supercells containing 2  2  3, 3  3  3 and 2  3  3 unit cells are constructed, respectively. In case of supercells, only  point in Brillouin zones are sampled. All residual forces acting on atoms are reduced less than 0.02 eV/Å by structure relaxation. Figure 1 shows a structural change during optimization of oxygen deficiency and protonated phosphate ions in LaPO4. Condensation between adjacent (PO3) and (PO4) polyhedra occurs and a pyrophosphate ion (P2O7) forms. This result is coincident with the proposed model mentioned before [1]. In case of protonation, hydrophoshate ion (HPO4) stably exists. According to these results, hydration reaction of oxygen deficiency in rare-earth phosphates can be expressed as the following defect reaction equation, P O •• H O → 2 HPO • We evaluate hydration energy (Ehyd) on the basis of the defect reaction above. Ehyd is calculated by Δ 2 HPO • P O •• H O
Eucalyptus species extracts inhibiting in vitro growth of the phytobacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

inhibiting vitro of Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial potential of Eucalyptus spp. against two strains of the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris ( Xcc ). The treatments consisted of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts, at concentrations of 50% (experiment 1) and 35% and 15% (experiment 2), which were studied by the double layer inhibition test. The evaluated species were E. camaldulensis, E. cloeziana, E. grandis, E. “urograndis” and E. urophylla . Based on the results of experiment 1, it was observed that most of the extracts that inhibited the growth of the bacterial strains tested were hydroethanolic, except for the aqueous extract of the E. “urograndis” hybrid. Regarding experiment 2, it was observed that the greatest inhibition was with the concentrated extracts (35%), but the difference for the antibacterial effect was not significant in this case. Comparing the experiments, it was observed that in general the concentrated extracts (50%) had greater inhibition than the diluted ones. These results represent the potential of aromatic plants in the ecological management of Xcc , with emphasis on the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of E. cloeziana . Subsequently, bioassays will be performed to verify the effectiveness of such extracts in vivo .
Turn-Control Strategies in TV Talk Show

Talk show is one form of daily conversations. Turn is the basic structural unit and turn-taking is usually regarded as the core research of conversational analysis. This paper selects The Oprah Winfrey Show and A Date with Lu Yu as the object of study. From turn-controlling perspective, this paper compares hosts’ language strategies in “turn-claiming”, “turn-holding”, “turn-yielding” and explores methods to improve conversation literacy of hosts by analyzing differences in styles between two shows.
Fecal Microbiome Features Associated with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Carriage in Dairy Heifers

Simple Summary Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are a growing public health threat in terms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and one key human exposure point is through livestock and the food supply. Many factors can contribute to livestock carrying ESBLs, including feeding patterns, crowdedness, and the microbiome (bacterial ecosystem) of the animal. In this study, we observed that heifers from farms feeding calves with pooled colostrum had higher rates of ESBL carriage. Several genera of bacteria also differed between ESBL carriers and noncarriers. This study provides some potential directions for future research regarding ESBL carriage in heifers. Abstract Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are a growing public health threat, and one key human exposure point is through livestock and the food supply. Understanding microbiome factors associated with fecal ESBL carriage can help detect and ideally assist with controlling and preventing ESBL dissemination among livestock. The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity and composition of the heifer fecal microbiota in ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) carriers and noncarriers. A total of 59 fecal samples were collected from replacement heifers between 12 and 18 months old from eight dairy farms in central Israel. Genomic DNA was extracted, and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was performed (Illumina short reads), focusing on a comparison between 33 ESBL-PE carriers (55.9%) and 26 (44.1%) noncarriers. Samples were analyzed and compared using QIIME2 (DADA2 pipeline and taxonomic assignment with SILVA database) and associated R packages for alpha and beta diversity and taxonomic abundances. Alpha diversity (Shannon diversity) and beta diversity (unweighted UniFrac) showed no significant difference between ESBL-PE carriers and noncarriers. Heifers from farms feeding calves with pooled colostrum had higher ESBL-PE carriage rates than heifers from farms feeding with individual mother colostrum (p < 0.001). Taxonomical abundance analysis revealed that the most common bacterial phyla were Bacteroidetes (44%) and Firmicutes (38%). There was no significant difference in taxonomic composition between ESBL-PE carriers and noncarriers at the phylum and genus levels. However, LEfSe biomarker discovery analysis identified several genera which were significantly different between carriers and noncarriers. For example, Prevotellacaea, Bacteroides, Rikenellaceae, and uncultured Bacteroidales were more abundant in ESBL carriers than noncarriers. Some aspects of microbiota composition differ between ESBL carriers and noncarriers in dairy heifers, specifically the abundance of certain genera. Feeding with pooled colostrum may play a role in that assembly. These could potentially serve as markers of ESBL-PE carriage. However, further research is needed to determine whether these observed differences have a significant impact on colonization with ESBL-PE.