Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF BANGLADESH.

Received: 04 April 2018 Final Accepted: 06 May 2018 Published: June 2018 This study investigates the relationship between globalization (trade openness) and economic growth (GDP per capita) in Bangladesh. This study adopted a co-integration and vector error correction modeling techniques on an annual time series data within the periods of 19802014. The time series properties of the considered variables have been examined by applying Augmented Dickey Fuller and Philips-Perron tests. The Cointegration test and Vector Error Correction model were applied to investigate the long run and short run relationship among variables. The Cointegration test results show that all variables are cointegrated indicating that there is a stable long term relationship among them. The vector error correction model confirms a positive and significant effect of trade openness and gross fixed capital formation on GDP per capita in Bangladesh in the long-run.
Rôle du noyau parafasciculaire dans le contrôle des activités synchrones oscillatoires pathologiques.

Le syndrome d'epilepsie mesio-temporale (EMLT) est la forme d'epilepsie focale pharmacoresistante la plus frequente chez l'adulte et est associe a une sclerose de la formation hippocampique. Le noyau parafasciculaire (PF) du thalamus est etroitement connecte a la fois a differentes regions corticales et a l'ensemble des structures des ganglions de la base, lui permettant de participer aux fonctions sous-tendues par ces structures, incluant a la fois des processus cognitifs, sensoriels et moteurs. L'objectif de ce travail a donc ete d'etudier l'implication du PF dans le controle des crises d'epilepsies focales mesiotemporales dans un modele d'EMLT chez la souris, presentant a la fois des caracteristiques electrocliniques, histopathologiques et pharmacologiques similaires a celles de l'EMLT humaine. Nous avons montre que l'activite oscillatoire synchrone du PF augmentait dans la seconde precedant la fin des crises hippocampiques, suggerant une communication entre ces deux structures. Ces donnees ont ete corroborees par l'etude de l'activite unitaire des neurones du PF in vivo, montrant une diminution de leur frequence de decharge pendant la crise et un rebond d'activite concomitant a la fin de crise dans l'hippocampe. Au regard des connexions du PF, nous avons ensuite montre que la modulation pharmacologique et electrique de l'activite du PF avait une incidence sur les crises hippocampiques, suggerant un role du PF quant a la survenue et a la modulation des evenements paroxystiques hippocampiques. De ce fait, nous avons pu mettre en evidence l'implication du thalamus intralaminaire dans le controle a distance des crises focales mesio-temporales, chez la souris EMLT.
Cooperative Visual–Range–Inertial Navigation for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

In this article, the cooperative navigation issue is investigated for a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A distributed estimation architecture fusing range, visual, and intermittent position measurements is proposed. Relative range and co-observed features are utilized to construct direct and indirect geometric constraints between UAVs, respectively. Compared with its independent counterpart, the proposed collaborative estimation scheme is more accurate and robust, while maintaining scalability and efficiency in practical deployment. To solve the intractable problem of evaluating the cross covariance between local estimators during estimation, the covariance intersection (CI) algorithm is introduced into the distributed fusion scheme, where each UAV only estimates its own pose and covariance. Observability analysis is provided to gain insights about the system's identification properties. Finally, the algorithm is applied to a practical patrolling scenario of multiple UAVs, and both numerical and software-in-the-loop (SITL) simulations are performed to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Lipoprotein(a): A New Intensive Care Unit Admission Predictor in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

Objective: Endothelium-related events in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 are linked to a poor prognosis. Lipoprotein(a) plays a role in vascular endothelial cell dysfunction. This research aims to investigate whether baseline serum lipoprotein(a) levels could be a predictor for intensive care unit admission and related clinical parameters in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Material and Methods: The research covers 126 patients who were hospitalized in intensive care unit or the non-intensive care unit in our hospital. This prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2021. The patients who were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 according to real-time polymerase chain reaction test results were included in the study. Two groups were created according to the status of intensive care unit admission. Lipoprotein(a) was studied from blood samples taken at the time of hospital admission. Results: According to the results of the first clinical evaluation, 46 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit and 80 patients were admitted to non-intensive care unit in the hospital. Patients with intensive care unit admission had significantly higher serum lipoprotein(a) levels than patients without intensive care unit admission (40.9 ng/mL and 17.4 ng/mL, P < .001, respectively). The regression analysis revealed that serum lipoprotein(a) levels were independently related to intensive care unit admission (odds ratio 1.242, 95% CI 1.109-1.391, P < .001). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, lipoprotein(a) level ≥31.42 ng/mL had 82.6% sensitivity and 72.5% specificity in predicting intensive care unit admission. The risk of intensive care unit admission was seen to be 12.522-fold higher in cases with lipoprotein(a) level ≥31.42. Conclusion: Lipoprotein(a) could be used as a useful biomarker for the triage of coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Baseline serum lipoprotein(a) levels may serve as a useful prognostic biomarker in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019.
To RAP or Not to RAP: A Retrospective Comparison of the Effects of Retrograde Autologous Priming.

Retrograde autologous priming (RAP) is a process used to reduce hemodilution associated with the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Previous studies have reported potential benefits to RAP; however, many of these studies do not evaluate the benefits of RAP with limited preoperative fluid administration combined with a condensed CPB circuit. We examined clinical metrics of patients who underwent RAP versus those who did not undergo RAP prior to the initiation of CPB. This was a retrospective data review of 1,303 patients who underwent CPB in the setting of open-heart surgery for a 2-year period. RAP was used on all patients between June 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018 (n = 519) and not used on patients between July 1, 2018 and June 30, 2019 (n = 784). Both groups were subjected to a low-prime CPB circuit volume of 800-900 mL. We compared the clinical metrics for packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion, oxygen delivery, postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), Albumin utilization, ventilator time, Intensive Care Unit length of stay (ICU LOS), and 30-day mortality between the two groups. Our data analysis showed there were no statistically significantly differences between the two groups on the incidence of postoperative AKI, PRBC administration, ventilator time, ICU LOS or 30-day mortality. In the RAP group, there was a statistically significant lower oxygen delivery and a statistically significant increased volume of Albumin administered postoperatively, although those differences were so small, they were potentially not clinically significant. Our analysis revealed no significant benefit to performing RAP with limited preoperative fluid administration and minimized CPB circuit prime volume. We formalized a process that included limiting preoperative fluid administration and minimizing the CPB circuit volume so that we were not required to RAP and did not simultaneously sacrifice patient outcomes in other areas.
Assessing Convective‐Stratiform Precipitation Regimes in the Tropics and Extratropics With the GPM Satellite Radar

An 8‐year climatology of raintype observations from the Global Precipitation Measurement dual‐frequency precipitation radar highlights two stratiform rain producing storm regimes differentiated by the relative importance of convection. The more convectively active regime occurs in the tropics and over warm‐season midlatitude land, where warm‐ and cold‐topped convection accounts for 55% (40%) of the rain (rain area). The less convectively active regime dominates over midlatitude ocean and cold‐season midlatitude land, where convective rain only accounts for 15% (8%) of the rain (rain area). The ratio between cold‐topped convective and stratiform rain area is highly distinct between the two regimes (22% vs. 5.5%), with different precipitation amounts (and thus heating) for similar stratiform rain areas. A third tropics‐only warm‐topped convection regime exists, but is not associated with major stratiform rain production.
Why FDI and Trade Politics Should Be Studied Together ∗ In

Global value chains (GVCs) have knit foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade together as ﬁrms’ engagement in one activity inextricably depends on the other. Yet, existing political economy research often fails to consider the two simultaneously at the ﬁrm-product level where the actual interdependencies occur. We oﬀer an integrated theory that explains how FDI changes countries’ product-level trade proﬁles, creating new political cleavages along the lines of GVCs in trade politics. To test our theory, we ﬁrst examine the eﬀect of ﬁrms’ new greenﬁeld FDI projects globally since 2003 and ﬁnd their presence is associated with over 45 more products exported from host countries in the subsequent year. To overcome the empirical challenges of evaluating our theory at the ﬁrm-product level, we then manually link our FDI data with unique Vietnamese customs data. We ﬁnd that Vietnamese export (import) volumes of FDI-related products increased by 100% (30%) within four years of initial investments. Notably, these products also received substantial tariﬀ reductions in the 2015 Vietnam-Korea Free Trade Agreement, indicating a direct link between ﬁrms’ FDI activities and trade policymaking.
“Believing at will is possible”−or is it? Some remarks on Peels’s “truth depends on belief” cases and voluntariness

: This article discusses Rik Peels's response to Williams's argument against voluntary belief. Williams argues that voluntary beliefs must be acquired independently of truth-considerations, so they cannot count as beliefs after all, since beliefs aim at truth. Peels attempted to reply by showing that in cases of self-fulfilling
Local Periodicity-Based Beat Tracking for Expressive Classical Piano Music

To model the periodicity of beats, state-of-the-art beat tracking systems use “post-processing trackers” (PPTs) that rely on several empirically determined global assumptions for tempo transition, which work well for music with a steady tempo. For expressive classical music, however, these assumptions can be too rigid. With two large datasets of Western classical piano music, namely the Aligned Scores and Performances (ASAP) dataset and a dataset of Chopin's Mazurkas (Maz-5), we report on experiments showing the failure of existing PPTs to cope with local tempo changes, thus calling for new methods. In this paper, we propose a new local periodicity-based PPT, called predominant local pulse-based dynamic programming (PLPDP) tracking, that allows for more flexible tempo transitions. Specifically, the new PPT incorporates a method called “predominant local pulses” (PLP) in combination with a dynamic programming (DP) component to jointly consider the locally detected periodicity and beat activation strength at each time instant. Accordingly, PLPDP accounts for the local periodicity, rather than relying on a global tempo assumption. Compared to existing PPTs, PLPDP particularly enhances the recall values at the cost of a lower precision, resulting in an overall improvement of F1-score for beat tracking in ASAP (from 0.473 to 0.493) and Maz-5 (from 0.595 to 0.838).
Spinal cord stimulation-induced gastroparesis: A case report

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) involves the utilization of an implantable neurostimulation device, stereotypically used in the treatment of patients with chronic neuropathic pain. While these devices have been shown to have significant clinical benefits, there have also been documented potential complications, including the risk of infection, fractured electrodes, electrode migration, and lack of symptom improvement. In addition, there has been minimal documentation on gastrointestinal (GI) side effects after SCS implantation. Case Description: A 42-year-old patient with chronic axial and radicular neuropathic pain in her back and left leg status post multiple lumbar surgeries underwent implantation of an open paddle lead in the T8–T9 region. After the procedure, the patient endorsed a 50% decrease in pain at the 6-week follow-up with no further concerns. However, at the 18 months follow-up, the patient endorsed severe constipation when the SCS was turned on, leading to subsequent evaluation by gastroenterology, motility studies, and a thorough bowel regimen. Symptoms persisted, and the patient ultimately opted for the removal of the SCS implant at 21 months after the initial surgery. Conclusion: While the exact mechanism behind the GI side effects endorsed in this patient is unknown, current literature postulates a variety of theories, including a SCS-induced parasympathetic blockade of the GI tract. Further, investigation is needed to determine the exact effects of SCS on the GI tract.
Consistent imprints of elevation, soil temperature and moisture on plant and arthropod communities across two subarctic landscapes

Factors shaping arthropod and plant community structure at fine spatial scales are poorly understood. This includes microclimate, which likely plays a large role in shaping local community patterns, especially in heterogeneous landscapes characterised by high microclimatic variability in space and in time. We explored differences in local microclimatic conditions and regional species pools in two subarctic regions: Kilpisjärvi in north‐west Finland and Varanger in north‐east Norway. We then investigated the relationship between fine‐scale climatic variation and local community characteristics (species richness and abundance) among plants and arthropods, differentiating the latter into two groups: flying and ground‐dwelling arthropods collected by Malaise and pitfall traps, respectively. Arthropod taxa were identified through DNA metabarcoding. Finally, we examined if plant richness can be used to predict patterns in arthropod communities. Variation in soil temperature, moisture and snow depth proved similar between regions, despite differences in absolute elevation. For each group of organisms, we found that about half of the species were shared between Kilpisjärvi and Varanger, with a quarter unique to each region. Plants and arthropods responded largely to the same drivers. The richness and abundance of both groups decreased as elevation increased and were positively correlated with higher soil moisture and temperature values. Plant species richness was a poor predictor of local arthropod richness, in particular for ground‐dwelling arthropods. Our results reveal how microclimatic variation within each region carves pronounced, yet consistent patterns in local community richness and abundance out of a joint species pool.
System Identification Approaches for Energy Intake Estimation: Enhancing Interventions for Managing Gestational Weight Gain

Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy represents a major public health concern that calls for novel and effective gestational weight management interventions. In Healthy Mom Zone (HMZ), an on-going intervention study, energy intake (EI) underreporting has been found to be an important consideration that interferes with accurate weight control assessment and the effective use of energy balance (EB) models in an intervention setting. In this paper, a series of estimation approaches that addresses measurement noise and measurement losses are developed to better understand the extent of EI underreporting. These include back-calculating EI from an EB model developed for gestational weight gain prediction, a Kalman filtering-based approach to recursively estimate EI from intermittent measurements in real time, and an approach based on semiphysical identification principles which features the capability of adjusting future self-reported EI by parameterizing the extent of underreporting. The three approaches are illustrated by evaluating with participant data obtained through the HMZ intervention study, with the results demonstrating the potential of these methods to promote the success of weight control. The pros and cons of the presented approaches are discussed to generate insights for users in the future applications.
Ultracold Bose gases in random potentials: collective excitations and localization effects

In this thesis, we theoretically investigate the localization properties of weakly-interacting Bose gases in the presence of one-dimensional disorder. We focus on three aspects of those disordered systems. First, we study the case of a non-interacting gas. According to general results, all single-particle states are localized in one dimension. We show that for certain classes of correlated disorder, the dependence of the localization length of the atoms on their energy undergoes sharp crossovers for weak disorder. These findings allow for the interpretation of recent experiments beyond previous analyses. Then, we examine the ground state of an interacting gas, and establish a diagram of the quantum states as a function of the strength of disorder and interactions. We analyze the density modulations imposed on the gas by the disorder, in order to describe the crossover from the regime of delocalized Bose-Einstein condensate to the regime of fragmented condensate. For the regime of very weak interactions, we develop a microscopic description of the system on the basis of the eigenstates of the single-particle Hamiltonian. These results contribute to characterizing the Bose-glass phase at weak interactions, which has yet to be explored thoroughly. Finally, we study the localization of the elementary excitations of the Bose gas in the (quasi-) condensate regime. We show that the suppressed localization of the excitations of lowest energy is due to an efficient screening by the (quasi-) condensate of the long-wavelength variations of the external potential.
Ensemble Probabilistic Prediction of a Mesoscale Convective System and Associated Polarimetric Radar Variables Using Single-Moment and Double-Moment Microphysics Schemes and EnKF Radar Data Assimilation

AbstractEnsemble-based probabilistic forecasts are performed for a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that occurred over Oklahoma on 8–9 May 2007, initialized from ensemble Kalman filter analyses using multinetwork radar data and different microphysics schemes. Two experiments are conducted, using either a single-moment or double-moment microphysics scheme during the 1-h-long assimilation period and in subsequent 3-h ensemble forecasts. Qualitative and quantitative verifications are performed on the ensemble forecasts, including probabilistic skill scores. The predicted dual-polarization (dual-pol) radar variables and their probabilistic forecasts are also evaluated against available dual-pol radar observations, and discussed in relation to predicted microphysical states and structures.Evaluation of predicted reflectivity (Z) fields shows that the double-moment ensemble predicts the precipitation coverage of the leading convective line and stratiform precipitation regions of the MCS with higher probabiliti.
The effectiveness of the grammar translation method for learning english in higher education institutions

The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of the Grammar-Translation Method, an approach prioritizing translation and grammatical understanding in language learning, on the development of foreign language writing competence among students studying English in higher education institutions (HEIs). Testing methods, expert evaluations, and statistical analysis were employed. Significant differences were found across all criteria (p≤0.01) using both the Mann-Whitney test and the Wilcoxon test. The datagathered affirm the high effectiveness of the Grammar-Translation Method in building foreign language writing competences among HEI students. This result is attributed to the universality of the method, emphasizing work with text and its grammatical features. Future research should aim to identify effective methods for developing various components of foreign language competence in HEIs.
One-dimensional dielectric bi-periodic photonic structures based on ternary photonic crystals

We investigate the transmittivity spectra, fields, and energy distribution of the electromagnetic eigenwaves propagating in a one-dimensional (1D) dielectric photonic crystal [(TiO2/SiO2)NAl2O3]M with two periods formed by unit cells TiO2/SiO2 and (TiO2/SiO2)NAl2O3. Spectra of TE- and TM-modes depend on the geometric parameters of the structure and undergo modifications with the change in the period numbers, layer thicknesses, and incidence angle. Special attention is paid to the applicability of the hybrid effective medium approximation comprising the long-wave approximation and two-dimensional (2 × 2) transfer matrix method. We demonstrate spectral peculiarities of the bi-periodic structure and also show the differences between the band gap spectra of the bi-periodic and ternary 1D dielectric photonic crystals. The presented photonic crystal structure can find its applications in optoelectronics and nanophotonics areas as omnidirectional reflectors, optical ultra-narrow bandpass filters, and antireflect.
Being a morning man has causal effects on the cerebral cortex: a Mendelian randomization study

Introduction Numerous studies have suggested a connection between circadian rhythm and neurological disorders with cognitive and consciousness impairments in humans, yet little evidence stands for a causal relationship between circadian rhythm and the brain cortex. Methods The top 10,000 morningness-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics were used to filter the instrumental variables. GWAS summary statistics from the ENIGMA Consortium were used to assess the causal relationship between morningness and variates like cortical thickness (TH) or surficial area (SA) on the brain cortex. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and weighted median (WM) were used as the major estimates whereas MR-Egger, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel-plot were used for heterogeneity and pleiotropy detecting. Results Regionally, morningness decreased SA of the rostral middle frontal gyrus with genomic control (IVW: β = −24.916 mm, 95% CI: −47.342 mm to −2.490 mm, p = 0.029. WM: β = −33.208 mm, 95% CI: −61.933 mm to −4.483 mm, p = 0.023. MR Egger: β < 0) and without genomic control (IVW: β = −24.581 mm, 95% CI: −47.552 mm to −1.609 mm, p = 0.036. WM: β = −32.310 mm, 95% CI: −60.717 mm to −3.902 mm, p = 0.026. MR Egger: β < 0) on a nominal significance, with no heterogeneity or no outliers. Conclusions and implications Circadian rhythm causally affects the rostral middle frontal gyrus; this sheds new light on the potential use of MRI in disease diagnosis, revealing the significance of circadian rhythm on the progression of disease, and might also suggest a fresh therapeutic approach for disorders related to the rostral middle frontal gyrus-related.