Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Indonesian EFL learners perceive error corrections

This study aims to obtain an in-depth understanding of error corrections in speaking from learners’ perspectives due to the fact that error corrections are often provided without considering the learners’ point of view. Although the results of the research discussing effectiveness of error corrections in speaking remain unclear, especially in an English as Foreign Language (EFL) setting, they naturally exist particularly in the process of learning and teaching EFL. To examine the EFL learners’ perceptions on corrections in speaking, nine EFL students were interviewed the effect of applying snowball sampling technique. The study meets the characteristics of qualitative research. The focus of the study is spoken error corrections, which naturally exist in an instructed Foreign Language learning situation and the researcher is the key instrument in that the researcher asks questions and interacts with the research subjects. The results of the interviews, which are audio recorded and transcribed, are analyzed to develop a descriptive model that encompasses all cases of the phenomena. The findings reveal that mispronunciation, grammatical errors, and lexical errors are important to be taken into account. DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v4i2. 4274
Myasthenia Gravis and its Association With Thyroid Diseases

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular junction disorder, and thyroid disorder is a disorder involving the thyroid receptor, of which Graves' disease (GD) is the most common autoimmune thyroid disorder, in which antibodies develop against thyroid receptors. Both may have similar clinical features. In myasthenia gravis, autoimmune antibodies develop against postsynaptic neuromuscular junction disrupting the neuromuscular transmission, resulting in fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue. It is a disease of young women and older men. The two pathologies may coexist in a patient or can precede one another. Graves' disease (GD) among thyroid diseases is most often associated with MG. Similarities in clinical features lead to difficulty in distinguishing MG and GD. Despite the standard treatment of myasthenia gravis, including steroids, acetylcholinesterases, rituximab, immunosuppressants, and thymectomy, there is still an increased number of relapses and myasthenia crisis. Eculizumab and plasmapheresis are the two new treatment options for MG, with supporting evidence of marked improvement in recent studies. Myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease have a see-saw relationship. Treating one pathology may worsen the other, so physicians should always consider MG as a differential in patients of hyperthyroidism presenting with new symptoms of fatigue or respiratory failure or neuromuscular weakness. In this comprehensive review article, we tried to establish an association between myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease (GD) by exploring currently available literature from PubMed. However, more studies need to be done to establish an association between pathologies.
Hyperfine structure of 173 Yb + : Toward resolving the 173 Yb nuclear-octupole-moment puzzle

Di Xiao ,1 Jiguang Li ( ) ,2 Wesley C. Campbell,3 Thomas Dellaert ,3 Patrick McMillin ,3 Anthony Ransford,3 Conrad Roman,3 and Andrei Derevianko 1,* 1Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA 2Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China 3Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
A Phenomenographic Study of Adolescents’ Conceptions of Health Information Appraisal as a Critical Component of Adolescent Health Literacy

This paper reports on a health literacy study that explored adolescents’ conceptualizations of health information appraisal as a social practice in Latvia. The study was guided by phenomenography, a qualitative research approach used to describe people’s conceptions of a particular phenomenon. A purposive, maximum variation sampling was used, and 24 adolescents were recruited to take part in the study, ranging from 13 to 16 year-olds. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken for data collection. A phenomenographic method for data analysis was performed using the guidelines proved by Sandberg. The data analysis presented seven categories of description and an outcome space representing the adolescents’ qualitatively different conceptions of health information appraisal. The implications for health education in school are discussed.
Genetic analysis of dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L.) genotypes for horticultural traits

The present investigation was carried out to study the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for 18 traits in dolichos bean. The experimental material comprised of 40 genotypes of dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L.). The highest value of genotypic coefficient of variation (33.99) and Phenotypic coefficient of variation (34.36) were recorded for Pod Weight (10 Pods). The highest heritability estimate was observed for The highest heritability was recorded for the characters 100 Seed Weight (98.89), Days to first Flowering (98.77), Green Pod Yield Per Plot(98.32), Days to 100% Flowering (98.28), Days to 50% flowering (98.13), Green Pod Yield Per Plot (98.13),Days to 100% flowering(98.28), Green Pod Yield Per plant (98.32), Pod Weight (10 Pods) (97.89), Inflorescence Length (97.35), and Days to First Green Pod Harvest (97.35), Vine Length (95.16), Green Pod Yield Per Hectare (93.33), Pod Length (93.86), Days to Last Green Pod Harvest (91.38), Pod Width (90.69), Seed Per pod (79.57), Pod Per Inflorescence (77.05), Flower Per inflorescence (71.58),. The highest genetic advance as percent of mean observed for Pod Weight (10 Pods) (69.28) while recorded lowest for Days to last green pod harvest (9.46). Hence selection will be effective for these traits. The divergence analysis revealed that the presence of appreciable amount of genetic diversity in the tested genotypes. Cluster IV had highest number of genotypes (13) followed by cluster II (10), cluster V (9), cluster I (6), cluster III, cluster VI and cluster VII, having 1 genotype. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster no. I and VI (2898.05) and cluster no. VI and VII (1569.61) showed minimum inter cluster distance. The highest intra cluster distance was recorded for cluster no. IV (845.17) and cluster no. 2 (345.56) showed minimum intra cluster distance.
Health and ecological implications of fish consumption: A deeper insight

Many studies suggest that fish consumption could be protective for health, but epidemiological studies on different dietary patterns show that fish-eaters have a higher cardiometabolic risk when compared to people relying on a plant-based diet not including fish. The benefit of fish consumption was related to its content of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), but toxic chemicals released into environment like heavy metals and several industrial by-products, because of their lipophilic properties, concentrate in fish fatty tissues, the same containing LC-PUFAs. Furthermore, the continuous increase in demand for fish is progressively damaging the marine biodiversity, and the volume of the fishing catch, the latter lower than the demand, made it necessary to resort to fish farming. Although meat, dairy and fish products represent dietary sources of PCBs, the latter represent the main source in human diet (respectively 9%, 19% and 67%). Methyl-mercury's main source also seems to be fish products. Fish farming products are safer for methyl-mercury residue but other substances could be found in higher concentrations than fish caught. Moreover, ecological impact could be detrimental. From this point of view, a reassessment of the health risk-benefit ratio and sustainability of fish consumption is warranted.
Tier-Scrubbing: An Adaptive and Tiered Disk Scrubbing Scheme with Improved MTTD and Reduced Cost

Sector errors are a common type of error in modern disks. A sector error that occurs during I/O operations might cause inaccessibility of an application. Even worse, it could result in permanent data loss if the data is being reconstructed, and thereby severely affects the reliability of a storage system. Many disk scrubbing schemes have been proposed to solve this problem. However, existing approaches have several limitations. First, schemes use machine learning (ML) to predict latent sector errors (LSEs), but only leverage a single snapshot of training data to make a prediction, and thereby ignore sequential dependencies between different statuses of a hard disk over time. Second, they accelerate the scrubbing at a fixed rate based on the results of a binary classification model, which may result in unnecessary increases in scrubbing cost. Third, they naively accelerate the scrubbing of the full disk which has LSEs based on the predictive results, but neglect partial high-risk areas (the areas that have a higher probability of encountering LSEs). Lastly, they do not employ strategies to scrub these high-risk areas in advance based on I/O accesses patterns, in order to further increase the efficiency of scrubbing.We address these challenges by designing a Tier-Scrubbing (TS) scheme that combines a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based Adaptive Scrubbing Rate Controller (ASRC), a module focusing on sector error locality to locate high-risk areas in a disk, and a piggyback scrubbing strategy to improve the reliability of a storage system. Our evaluation results on realistic datasets and workloads from two real world data centers demonstrate that TS can simultaneously decrease the Mean-Time-To-Detection (MTTD) by about 80% and the scrubbing cost by 20%, compared to a state-of-the-art scrubbing scheme.
Precision-cut kidney slices (PCKS) to study development of renal fibrosis and efficacy of drug targeting ex vivo

ABSTRACT Renal fibrosis is a serious clinical problem resulting in the greatest need for renal replacement therapy. No adequate preventive or curative therapy is available that could be clinically used to target renal fibrosis specifically. The search for new efficacious treatment strategies is therefore warranted. Although in vitro models using homogeneous cell populations have contributed to the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in renal fibrosis, these models poorly mimic the complex in vivo milieu. Therefore, we here evaluated a precision-cut kidney slice (PCKS) model as a new, multicellular ex vivo model to study the development of fibrosis and its prevention using anti-fibrotic compounds. Precision-cut slices (200-300 μm thickness) were prepared from healthy C57BL/6 mouse kidneys using a Krumdieck tissue slicer. To induce changes mimicking the fibrotic process, slices were incubated with TGFβ1 (5 ng/ml) for 48 h in the presence or absence of the anti-fibrotic cytokine IFNγ (1 µg/ml) or an IFNγ conjugate targeted to PDGFRβ (PPB-PEG-IFNγ). Following culture, tissue viability (ATP-content) and expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III were determined using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Slices remained viable up to 72 h of incubation, and no significant effects of TGFβ1 and IFNγ on viability were observed. TGFβ1 markedly increased α-SMA, fibronectin and collagen I mRNA and protein expression levels. IFNγ and PPB-PEG-IFNγ significantly reduced TGFβ1-induced fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III mRNA expression, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The PKCS model is a novel tool to test the pathophysiology of fibrosis and to screen the efficacy of anti-fibrotic drugs ex vivo in a multicellular and pro-fibrotic milieu. A major advantage of the slice model is that it can be used not only for animal but also for (fibrotic) human kidney tissue. Drug Discovery Collection: TGFβ induces renal fibrosis in ex vivo cultured precision-cut kidney slices, which can be attenuated by IFNγ.
Phytoconstituents , hepatoprotective , and antioxidant activities of Euphorbia cooperi

Received 14/12/2019; Accepted 26/12/2019 DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2019. 20992.2252 ©2019 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC) ExplORAtION of novel and effective therapies against liver damage with antioxidant activity is a point worth studying. the present study was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Euphorbia cooperi N. E. Br. aerial parts in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity mice and to isolate the bioactive constituents. Our findings suggest potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the n-butanol fraction of the plant, as it significantly (p<0.05) prevented the increased serum marker enzymes aspartateaminotransferase andalanine aminotransferase and bilirubin levels, decreased hepatic malondialdehyde, and recovered glutathione levels. Chromatographic separation of n-butanol fraction led to isolation of seven compounds, namely,gallic acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, kaempferol-3-O-ß-D-rutinoside, corilagin, 3, 3'-dimethoxy ellagic acid, 3, 4, 4'-trimethoxy ellagic acid, and ellagic acid. the structure of isolated compounds was elucidated by physical and spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with the literature data. these compounds are isolated for the first time from E. cooperi N. E. Br.
Growth, yield and quality improvement in strawberry through foliar application of calcium, iron and zinc: A review

This review is partly based on complete articles and partly on abstracts. The nutrition status in the strawberry plants plays a vital role in determining the growth, yield and quality of fruits since it is a very sensitive plant to nutritional balance. An optimal fertilization is contributive in obtaining high yield of good quality and high biological value. Both macro and micro-nutrients are well known to ameliorate plant growth, yield and quality of fruits. Foliar fertilization of micronutrients is one of the most important methods of fertilizer application in horticulture practices in order to increase the plant growth, yield and quality of fruits. Foliar application of Iron, Zinc and Calcium either single or along with other micronutrients can help to achieve favorable results on growth parameters, yield components and quality of strawberry fruits. The available literature on effect of foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on growth, yield and quality of strawberry and other fruit crops are reviewed and presented below.
Interplay between Cellular Autophagy and Hepatitis B Virus Replication: A Systematic Review

Autophagy, a conserved process in which cells break down and destroy old, damaged, or abnormal proteins and other substances in the cytoplasm through lysosomal degradation, occurs via autophagosome formation and aids in the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis. Autophagy is closely associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and assembly. Currently, HBV infection is still one of the most serious public health issues worldwide. The unavailability of satisfactory therapeutic strategies for chronic HBV infection indicates an urgent need to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of HBV infection. Increasing evidence has shown that HBV not only possesses the ability to induce incomplete autophagy but also evades autophagic degradation, indicating that HBV utilizes or hijacks the autophagy machinery for its own replication. Therefore, autophagy might be a crucial target pathway for controlling HBV infection. The definite molecular mechanisms underlying the association between cellular autophagy and HBV replication require further clarification. In this review, we have summarized and discussed the latest findings on the interplay between autophagy and HBV replication.
Severe mental illness diagnosis in English general hospitals 2006-2017: A registry linkage study

Background The higher mortality rates in people with severe mental illness (SMI) may be partly due to inadequate integration of physical and mental healthcare. Accurate recording of SMI during hospital admissions has the potential to facilitate integrated care including tailoring of treatment to account for comorbidities. We therefore aimed to investigate the sensitivity of SMI recording within general hospitals, changes in diagnostic accuracy over time, and factors associated with accurate recording. Methods and findings We undertook a cohort study of 13,786 adults with SMI diagnosed during 2006–2017, using data from a large secondary mental healthcare database as reference standard, linked to English national records for 45,706 emergency hospital admissions. We examined general hospital record sensitivity across patients’ subsequent hospital records, for each subsequent emergency admission, and at different levels of diagnostic precision. We analyzed time trends during the study period and used logistic regression to examine sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with psychiatric recording accuracy, with multiple imputation for missing data. Sensitivity for recording of SMI as any mental health diagnosis was 76.7% (95% CI 76.0–77.4). Category-level sensitivity (e.g., proportion of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (F20-29) who received any F20-29 diagnosis in hospital records) was 56.4% (95% CI 55.4–57.4) for schizophrenia spectrum disorder and 49.7% (95% CI 48.1–51.3) for bipolar affective disorder. Sensitivity for SMI recording in emergency admissions increased from 47.8% (95% CI 43.1–52.5) in 2006 to 75.4% (95% CI 68.3–81.4) in 2017 (ptrend < 0.001). Minority ethnicity, being married, and having better mental and physical health were associated with less accurate diagnostic recording. The main limitation of our study is the potential for misclassification of diagnosis in the reference-standard mental healthcare data. Conclusions Our findings suggest that there have been improvements in recording of SMI diagnoses, but concerning under-recording, especially in minority ethnic groups, persists. Training in culturally sensitive diagnosis, expansion of liaison psychiatry input in general hospitals, and improved data sharing between physical and mental health services may be required to reduce inequalities in diagnostic practice.
Impact of Police Violence on Mental Health: A Theoretical Framework.

Police violence has increasingly been recognized as a public health concern in the United States, and accumulating evidence has shown police violence exposure to be linked to a broad range of health and mental health outcomes. These associations appear to extend beyond the typical associations between violence and mental health, and to be independent of the effects of co-occurring forms of trauma and violence exposure. However, there is no existing theoretical framework within which we may understand the unique contributions of police violence to mental health and illness.This article aims to identify potential factors that may distinguish police violence from other forms of violence and trauma exposure, and to explore the possibility that this unique combination of factors distinguishes police violence from related risk exposures. We identify 8 factors that may alter this relationship, including those that increase the likelihood of overall exposure, increase the psychological impact of police violence, and impede the possibility of coping or recovery from such exposures.On the basis of these factors, we propose a theoretical framework for the further study of police violence from a public mental health perspective. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 17, 2020: e1-e7. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305874).
Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse as a treatment for hospitalised severe COVID-19 patients: results from a randomised controlled clinical trial

Introduction There are no determined treatment agents for severe COVID-19. It is suggested that methylprednisolone, as an immunosuppressive treatment, can reduce the inflammation of the respiratory system in COVID-19 patients. Methods We conducted a single-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial involving severe hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 at the early pulmonary phase of the illness in Iran. The patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio by the block randomisation method to receive standard care with methylprednisolone pulse (intravenous injection, 250 mg·day−1 for 3 days) or standard care alone. The study end-point was the time of clinical improvement or death, whichever came first. Primary and safety analysis was done in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Results 68 eligible patients underwent randomisation (34 patients in each group) from April 20, 2020 to June 20, 2020. In the standard care group, six patients received corticosteroids by the attending physician before the treatment and were excluded from the overall analysis. The percentage of improved patients was higher in the methylprednisolone group than in the standard care group (94.1% versus 57.1%) and the mortality rate was significantly lower in the methylprednisolone group (5.9% versus 42.9%; p<0.001). We demonstrated that patients in the methylprednisolone group had a significantly increased survival time compared with patients in the standard care group (log-rank test: p<0.001; hazard ratio 0.293, 95% CI 0.154–0.556). Two patients (5.8%) in the methylprednisolone group and two patients (7.1%) in the standard care group showed severe adverse events between initiation of treatment and the end of the study. Conclusions Our results suggest that methylprednisolone pulse could be an efficient therapeutic agent for hospitalised severe COVID-19 patients at the pulmonary phase. This study showed that methylprednisolone pulse administration at the beginning of the early pulmonary phase of illness decreased the mortality rate and improved pulmonary involvement, oxygen saturation and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients https://bit.ly/3hik4JB
Plasmodium vivax strains use alternative pathways for invasion.

Plasmodium vivax has two invasion ligand/host receptor pathways (PvDBP/DARC and PvRBP2b/TfR1) that are promising targets for therapeutic intervention. We optimized invasion assays with isogenic cultured reticulocytes. Using a receptor blockade approach with multiple P. vivax isolates, we found that all strains utilized both DARC and TfR1, however with significant variation in receptor usage. This suggests that P. vivax, like P. falciparum, uses alternative invasion pathways with implications for pathogenesis and vaccine development.
Dissecting the Effect of a 3D Microscaffold on the Transcriptome of Neural Stem Cells with Computational Approaches: A Focus on Mechanotransduction

3D cell cultures are becoming more and more important in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to mimic the cellular physiological microenvironment. Among the different types of 3D scaffolds, we focus on the Nichoid, a miniaturized scaffold with a structure inspired by the natural staminal niche. The Nichoid can activate cellular responses simply by subjecting the cells to mechanical stimuli. This kind of influence results in different cellular morphology and organization, but the molecular bases of these changes remain largely unknown. Through RNA-Seq approach on murine neural precursors stem cells expanded inside the Nichoid, we investigated the deregulated genes and pathways showing that the Nichoid causes alteration in genes strongly connected to mechanobiological functions. Moreover, we fully dissected this mechanism highlighting how the changes start at a membrane level, with subsequent alterations in the cytoskeleton, signaling pathways, and metabolism, all leading to a final alteration in gene expression. The results shown here demonstrate that the Nichoid influences the biological and genetic response of stem cells thorough specific alterations of cellular signaling. The characterization of these pathways elucidates the role of mechanical manipulation on stem cells, with possible implications in regenerative medicine applications.