Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphometric characteristics and hydrological dynamics in micro-basins with different land uses of cerrado soils in Mato Grosso

Understanding the hydrologic regime, and monitoring runoff at the micro-basin scale is critical for understanding water availability, and for managing water resources in strategic biomes such as the cerrado. The objective of this research is to evaluate morphometric characteristics and the hydrologic regime and determine their relationships with soil characteristics and typical land-use in the cerrado biome. To reach this objective morphometric characterization, runoff and precipitation monitoring, and determination of the water retention curve were conducted in three micro-basins in the municipality of Campo Verde, Mato Grosso. These micro-basins each have a different, but regionally typical land-use and were selected strategically to represent this area of cerrado: agriculture, pasture and native vegetation. The results obtained allow for the analysis of the hydrologic regime throughout the period measured. Micro-basins with native vegetation and pasture, with greater altimetric range and more sandy soils, show greater erosion. Despite this, the micro-basin with pasture cover showed greater regulation of runoff. The micro-basin with agriculture showed less regularization of water flux due to the physical characteristics of the local soils.
In situ settlement rates and early survivorship of hard corals: a good year for a Caribbean reef

Coral settlement and early survivorship play an important role in reef resilience. In this study, we investigated the temporal and spatial variation of coral settlement and post-settlement survivorship in different reefs with high and low coral cover in Los Roques Archipelago, Venezuela. In situ estimations of settlement and post-settlement survivorship were compared between months of expected gamete release for broadcasters, and months when larval supply was expected mainly from brooders. Terracotta tiles were deployed at reefs with high (>50%) or low (<15%) hard coral cover, and recruit survivorship was evaluated during their first 4 mo of age by monthly examination of the tiles. Overall, mean (±SD) settlement rates varied between 30 ± 46 and 236 ± 143 ind. m-2 mo-1. At particular reefs and times, settlement rates were up to 7 times higher than previously reported for the Caribbean region. Settlement rates varied between reefs, but were similar between seasons, suggesting that settlement does not increase significantly after a spawning event. Survivorship of settled corals up to 4 mo old varied from 22 to 49% between reefs and was higher at reefs with more coral cover. Our results support the theory that preserving reefs with high coral cover (and maintaining the biological and environmental factors that promote this condition) will result in enhanced settlement and survivorship of coral in its early life-stages, and therefore is a key factor in the conservation of coral reefs.
Re-maturation of Spent Female Broodstock of Macrobrachium vollenhovenii Fed Trash Fish

The broodstock were fed trash fish (Plate 1) twice daily at 5% body weight. The study was carried out Lagos. Abstract Gravidfemale broodstock of M vollenhovenii were collectedfrom Ogun River. Their body weights rangedfrom 17.2g, 22.4 g and 17.4g w hile the total lengths rangedfrom 9. tcm -11. 7cm. The broodstock werestocked in threeplastic tanks and allowed to spawn naturally. Threespentfemale broodstock were stocked separately in plastic tanks containing six (6) litres offreshwater. They werefed trashfish twice daily at 5% body weight. The spent females started to develop eggs again in 21 days withfull maturation at 35 days. The body weights after 35 days rangedfrom of8.5g-24.1g while the total lengths rangedfrom 11.4- 11.9 em. The result obtained have shown that spentfemale broodstock of M vollenhovenili can become gravid again in plastic tanks in 35 days whenfed fresh trashfish. This will ensure allyear roundproduction of broodstockfor development of M vollenhovenii. this shows that spent female broodstock of M vollenhovenii started to develop eggs again at three and fully at five (35 days). that the shortest interval for ovaries of rosenbergii to re-mature about 30 days or more. Successful maturation and reproduction of crustaceans in captiv- ity generally depend on nutrition, hormonal control and manipulation of environmental factors Browdy and The broodstock used in this study were fed only trash fish which is a high quality (J) protein diet and hence enhanced the egg development. This corroborates observations made by Marioghae on the preferential feeding habit of this species for animal remains and cannibalism. The body weight of the broodstock at the end of the experiment while the total length ranged from 11.4-11.9cm. The water quality during the period showed that pH ranged from 6.8-6.9, ammonia 0.0- 0.4 mg/I and nitrite 0.00 0.02mg/1.Water temperature was between 30.1-30.6 °C while air temperature was between 29.2-29.8 "C. The water quality parameters recorded were within the range recommended by Murmur (2007) for re-maturation of spent broodstock of M rosenbergii. Details of the results are presented in table I·. Result obtained from the preliminary study has shown that re- (J) maturation of spent M vollenhovenii can be achieved in plastic tanks using trash fish. Observation on ovarian development was made through the carapace. Consequently, production of broodstock of the species can be carried out all year round for hatchery production of post larvae. preliminary study showed that spent female of M vollenhovenii can be developed to re-mature in captivity when fed with fresh trash fish. This aspect of broodstock development is very important for sourcing domesticated breeders for post larvae production of this species in Nigeria. Careful observation of the colour differences in the developing ovary was observed through the carapace. The findings of this study can fast track the development of prawn hatchery for post larvae production in Nigeria.
Multi-country Study of Third Party Trackers from Real Browser Histories

This paper aims to understand how third-party ecosystems have developed in four different countries: UK, China, AU, US. We are interested in how wide a view a given third-party player may have, of an individual user's browsing history over a period of time, and of the collective browsing histories of a cohort of users in each of these countries. We study this by utilizing two complementary approaches: the first uses lists of the most popular websites per country, as determined by Alexa.com. The second approach is based on the real browsing histories of a cohort of users in these countries. Our larger continuous user data collection spans over a year. Some universal patterns are seen, such as more third parties on more popular websites, and a specialization among trackers, with some trackers present in some categories of websites but not others. However, our study reveals several unexpected country-specific patterns: China has a home-grown ecosystem of third-party operators in contrast with the UK, whose trackers are dominated by players hosted in the US. UK trackers are more location sensitive than Chinese trackers. One important consequence of these is that users in China are tracked lesser than users in the UK. Our unique access to the browsing patterns of a panel of users provides a realistic insight into third party exposure, and suggests that studies which rely solely on Alexa top ranked websites may be over estimating the power of third parties, since real users also access several niche interest sites with lesser numbers of many kinds of third parties, especially advertisers.
Effects of early planting and cultivars on the yield and agronomic traits of soybeans grown in southwestern Japan

Abstract Early planting contributed to increased soybean yields in the U.S. Because a double-cropping system dominates in southwestern Japan, early planting is not performed; it is thus unclear how much the yield potential could be increased by early planting. To address this question, we planted seven U.S. and five Japanese cultivars on around 20 May (early planting), measured the agronomic traits, including yield, yield components, and oil and protein contents, and compared these traits with those of the same cultivars planted on around 20 July (normal planting). In the early planting, the yields of the U.S. cultivars were 322–453 g m−2, whereas the highest yield among the Japanese cultivars was only 315 g m−2, which is significantly lower than those of the top five U.S. cultivars, indicating the adaptability of U.S. cultivars to early planting. The increases in yield obtained with early planting were 99–199 g m−2 and −26–144 g m−2 for the U.S. and Japanese cultivars, respectively. The yield obtained by early planting was positively correlated with the pods m−2, seeds pod−1, and oil contents, but negatively correlated with the sterile pod rate, 100 seed weight and protein content. In the early planting, the U.S. cultivars had greater pods m−2, seeds pod−1 and oil content and less sterile pod rate, 100-seed weight, and protein content than the Japanese cultivars. These results suggest that early planting can increase the yield in southwestern Japan, if cultivars with agronomic traits observed in the U.S. cultivars of this study are grown.
Deep Convolutional Autoencoder for Recovering Defocused License Plates and Smudged Fingerprints

— License plates and ﬁngerprints can provide critical information in trafﬁc law enforcement and crime scene investigations. However, images collected at an incident site may contain undesirable artifacts such as blurs or smudges which could hinder the identiﬁcation process. In this paper, we explore a deep learning approach to recovering defective license plates and ﬁngerprint images. In particular, we employ a denoising convolutional autoencoder and train the model using a large quantity of degraded images as the input and the corresponding artifact-free images as the expected output. We address the issue of training data scarcity by generating artiﬁcial blurs and smudges that resemble real-world degradations. We test our model’s performance on both artiﬁcially generated test data and real-world images. Our experimental results demonstrate that our model is effective in recovering the ground truth images for the artiﬁcial test data and making noticeable improvements to the real-world images.
Effect of Initial pH Adjustment on Hydrolysis and Acidification of Sludge by Ultrasonic Pretreatment

Batch tests were carried out to analyze the effect of pH in the range of 7–12 on the hydrolysis and acidification of sludge at room temperature. Ultrasonic pretreatment was conducted to disintegrate waste activated sludge (WAS) and accelerate WAS hydrolysis. The experimental results showed that the sludge with ultrasonic pretreatment was readily degraded in the hydrolysis and acidification process, and more organic substances were released with increase of initial pH. The optimal initial pH for sludge acidification was 11, and the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration reached about 1751 mg/L after 15 days of hydrolysis and acidification. Phosphorus release was investigated during hydrolysis and acidification at any pH adjustment. The SCFAs mainly consisted of acetic and propionic, accounting for 74.6–84% of total SCFAs. Three microbial species, including Bacteroidetes, γ-proteobacteria, and β-proteobacteria, were involved in different pH environments of the hydrolysis and acidification process, an.
Proceedings of the International Workshop on Applications of AI to Forensics 2020 (AI2Forensics 2020) in association with the 17th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR-2020)

This invited talk overviews 20 years of work at the intersection between the two AI areas of Knowledge Representation (KR) and Machine Learning (ML). The distinguishing feature of this research is the extension of the methodological apparatus of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) along a couple of directions towards the realm of Description Logics (DLs). One aims at learning hybrid rules that tightly integrate DATALOG and DLs, whereas the other aims at learning axioms in fuzzy DLs. Both have turned out to be alternative suitable ways to treat spatial knowledge in several applications and could be successfully applied also in the field of Forensics.
Phonon Modes and Elastic Properties of RE55Al25Co20 Bulk Metallic Glasses

The present paper deals with the theoretical study of phonon modes and elastic properties of RE55Al25Co20 (RE (Rare Earth) =Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) bulk metallic glasses. The Hubbard-Beeby approach combine with Jani et al. local model potential has been utilized to compute the collective modes for present glasses. Three different local field correlation functions of Hartree (H), Taylor (T) and Farid et al (F) are employed to find the influence of the screening effects on the collective modes of RE55Al25Co20 bulk metallic glasses. The calculated phonon dispersion curves show all broad features of the collective excitation. It observed that out of three local field correction function, Taylor and Farid et al screening functions give better agreement with experimental values compared to other screening functions. Overall, the present results of elastic properties are found to be good agreement with experimental results.
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation,Social Network,and Resource Acquisition on Firm Performance in Chinese SMEs: The Mediating Effect of Resource Acquisition

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), social network, and resource acquisition on firm performance in Chinese SMEs. Moreover, we analyze the impact of EO and social network on resource acquisition and further the mediating effect of resource acquisition on the relationship between EO and firm performance, and the mediating effect of resource acquisition on the relationship between social network and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach: The research is based on a survey of 204 SMEs in the Liaoning province of China, which includes entrepreneurial orientation, social network, resource acquisition, and firm performance. A structural equation model is used as the methodology. Findings: EO and social network have a significant positive impact on resource acquisition and firm performance. Resource acquisition proves to play a mediating role in the relationship between EO and firm performance, and the relationship between social network and firm performance. A higher EO can acquire more resources, and thus improve firm performance. Research limitations/implications: This research is meaningful, but it has its own limitations. First, the analysis target is limited to one area of China. If the target is expanded to other areas, different results may come out. Second, there may be measurement errors because firm performance is self-reported by the respondents. It is almost impossible that the authors gauge the accuracy and precision of these responses. The research implications are as follows: for SMEs in this region to thrive, the corporate executives should promote their entrepreneurial orientation, and strengthen their business and political ties to enhance mutual trust, and to get government support, information, loans or financing from financial institutions. These ties may also enable them to get favorable details on tax reduction Originality/value: The five-dimensional model of EO is the most prevalent in recent studies. Yet, there is not much research existent on Chinese companies. In this regard, this research using EO’s five-dimensional model on Chinese SMEs may provide some contributions to the literature.
Winning Solutions and Post-Challenge Analyses of the ChaLearn AutoDL Challenge 2019

This paper reports the results and post-challenge analyses of ChaLearn’s AutoDL challenge series, which helped sorting out a profusion of AutoML solutions for Deep Learning (DL) that had been introduced in a variety of settings, but lacked fair comparisons. All input data modalities (time series, images, videos, text, tabular) were formatted as tensors and all tasks were multi-label classification problems. Code submissions were executed on hidden tasks, with limited time and computational resources, pushing solutions that get results quickly. In this setting, DL methods dominated, though popular Neural Architecture Search (NAS) was impractical. Solutions relied on fine-tuned pre-trained networks, with architectures matching data modality. Post-challenge tests did not reveal improvements beyond the imposed time limit. While no component is particularly original or novel, a high level modular organization emerged featuring a “meta-learner”, “data ingestor”, “model selector”, “model/learner”, and “evaluator”. This modularity enabled ablation studies, which revealed the importance of (off-platform) meta-learning, ensembling, and efficient data management. Experiments on heterogeneous module combinations further confirm the (local) optimality of the winning solutions. Our challenge legacy includes an ever-lasting benchmark (http://autodl.chalearn.org), the open-sourced code of the winners, and a free “AutoDL self-service. ”
Seed size and number in Rubus chamaemorus: between-habitat variation, and effects of defoliation and supplemental pollination

This study examines the within- and between-population variation in components of yield in R. chamaemorus. Specifically, it addresses the following questions: are there any consistent differences in seed size or total allocation to seeds between populations of open and shaded habitats? Is seed size negatively correlated with yield components like seed number, number of seeds per unit leaf mass, or number of seeds per unit rhizome mass? How do supplemental pollination and defoliation affect seed number and size?
HOTS EVALUATION INSTRUMENTS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS

This article reports on the results of a R D however, the percentage of diversity is not yet proportional. The aspects include creative thinking (28.3%), critical thinking (37.2%), problem solving (18.6%), and decision making (15.9%) of all evaluation instruments analyzed. A less proportional percentage of each of these aspects shows that the utilization of HOTS standard evaluation instrument development criteria has not been maximally pursued.
Effect of Zirconium oxide nanoparticle on serum level of testosterone and spermatogenesis in the rat: An experimental study

Abstract Background Zirconium nanoparticles are used as health agents, pharmaceutical carriers, and in dental and orthopedic implants. Objective This studyaimed to investigate the effects of Zirconium oxide nanoparticles on the process of spermatogenesis in rat. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats (150-200 gr), with range of age 2.5 to 3 months were used and divided into four groups of eight per each. The control group received 0.5 ml of distilled water and the three experimental groups received 50, 200, and 400 ppm doses of Zirconium oxide nanoparticles solution over a 30-day period, respectively. At the end of the experiment, tissue sections were taken from the testis and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Serum concentration of testosterone was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In the experimental group receiving 400 ppm Zirconium oxide nanoparticles, the number of Spermatogonia cells (p ≤ 0.01), Spermatocytes (p ≤ 0.01), Spermatids (p ≤ 0.001), and sertoli and Leydig cells (p ≤ 0.05) showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Serum testosterone concentration did not change significantly in all experimental groups receiving Zirconium oxide nanoparticles compared to the control group. Experimental group received 400 ppm Zirconium oxide nanoparticles shrinkage of seminal tubules and reduced lumen space compared to control group. Conclusion Zirconium oxide nanoparticles are likely to damage the testes by increasing Reactive oxygen species production and free radicals.
Photoperiodic Regulation of Bulbing and Maturation of Bet Alpha Onions (Allium Cepa L.) Under Decreasing Daylength Conditions

SummaryThe photoperiodic response of the autumn onion cultivar ‘Bet Alpha’ and 4 other onion cultivars was studied. ‘Bet Alpha’ was the only one able to produce mature bulbs in the field under a daylength decreasing from 13 hours and 14 minutes to 10 hours and 40 minutes.The reversibility of bulbing and renewed vegetative growth under very short daylengths, and the requirements for relatively high light intensity and far-red irradiation for bulbing, were not basically different in Bet Alpha and in other cultivars. Under increasing daylength conditions ‘Bet Alpha’ was the earliest cultivar to mature. Very low critical daylength seems to be the essential characteristic of ‘Bet Alpha’, enabling it to produce mature bulbs under environmental conditions which do not permit completion of bulbing and maturation in other onion cultivars.
Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, carbon concentration, and amino acid composition of growth media influence conidiation of Helminthosporium solani

Silver scurf, caused by Helminthosporium solani, is an important storage disease of potatoes. Experiments designed to evaluate control alterna- tives are limited by difficulty in producing conidial inoculum. In an effort to better understand how this difficulty could be overcome this study evaluated the influence of various carbon-to-nitrogen (C: N) ratios, carbon concentrations, and amino acids on conidial germination, colony diameter, and conidiation of Helminthosporium solani grown on solid-phase basal salts media. Under the conditions tested, the highest concentrations of conidia were produced with 1.25 to 2.5 g of carbon/L at a C:N ratio of 10:1. Higher C: N ratios or higher carbon concentrations reduced conidiation. Total conidia production was improved by use of tyrosine or arginine as the sole nitrogen source. Use of leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylal- anine, or threonine severely inhibited H. solani co- nidia production. Use of a nitrogen source contain- ing a mixture of amino acids resulted in a defined medium that permitted conidiation and growth of H. solani that was similar to or better than that obtained with standard V8 Juice medium.
Cyberattacks Against Event-Based Analysis in Micro-PMUs: Attack Models and Counter Measures

The recent advent of distribution-level phasor measurement units (D-PMUs), a.k. a. , micro-PMUs, has introduced a wide range of new applications in power distribution systems. A sub-class of such emerging applications are called event-based methods. These methods focus on the analysis of events in the stream of micro-PMU measurements to achieve situational awareness, enhance load modeling, integrate distributed energy resources, etc. In this article, we explore a scenario, where a cyberattack compromises the micro-PMU measurements during an event. Such a targeted attack could be limited in scope but result in a major impact on the operation of the power grid by highly deviating the outcome of the event-based methods. First, we investigate and model two types of such attacks, event-unsynchronized (basic) attacks and event-synchronized (advanced) attacks. We then conduct a geometric analysis to understand each attack type, in a setting where the events are represented in the phasor domain in a differential mode. Next, we introduce a novel method to detect the presence of the attack and then identify which micro-PMUs are compromised so as to discard the compromised measurements as a defense mechanism. The proposed approach makes critical use of magnitude as well as phase angle measurements from micro-PMUs. The method is tested on the IEEE 33-bus power distribution test system.