Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moving beyond four walls and forming a learning community for speaking practice under the auspices of Facebook

There is a paucity of opportunities for Vietnamese EFL students to use and practise English speaking skills both inside and outside the classroom, attributing to students’ lack of interest and motivation in improving their speaking skills. Given that learning can be distributed across a multitude of formal and informal settings, the social and informal features of Facebook serve as potentially ubiquitous support for students to productively practise and use the target language. To date, however, much of the discussion of the promising incorporations of Facebook into EFL teaching and learning repertoire remains largely in writing and intercultural communicative effectiveness, with an evident scarcity of empirical research on students’ speaking practice. This qualitative study was conducted with 10 Vietnamese EFL learners, aiming to examine whether the Facebook-based learning community articulated any educational potentials for EFL speaking practice. The findings revealed that there were three features of the Facebook-based learning community, including flexible access, shared visions and values and collaborative relationships, which were beneficial for the members to maintain learning motivation, be more engaged in peer collaboration and co-construct essential knowledge for speaking practice. The findings suggested that the Facebook-based learning community could serve as a means for promoting more speaking practice among Vietnamese EFL learners.
Combination of different marine algal extracts as biostimulant and biofungicide

ABSTRACT This study investigates the efficiency of seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) prepared from combinations of different seaweeds (Sargassum polyphyllum, Turbinaria ornata, Gelidiopsis sp., Padina tetrastomatica, Gracilaria corticata) as a stimulant for the growth of Vigna radiata (Mung) as well as its antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens (Alternaria solani, Rhizoctonia solani., Sarocladium oryzae). 100% SLF was prepared, which was further diluted to 60%, 40%, and 20%. Seeds were soaked in four different concentrations of the SLF (20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%) for 12 hr and planted. After 60 d, the root and shoot length were increased by 14% and 16%, respectively, with SLF (100%). The carbohydrate and protein concentrations were also increased by 70% and 86%, respectively, at 100% SLF. The concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids were found to be increased by 20%, 43%, and 28%, respectively, with 100% SLF. Further, the SLF (60% and 100%) successfully inhibited the growth of fungal pathogen A. solani but the other tested strains were found to be resistant. The present study indicates that 100% SLF concentration acts as both biostimulant and biofungicide for A. solani and thus, this SLF could be used as a potential alternative to the chemical fertilizers.
Norwegian psychotherapy: religiosity gap and spiritual care competence

ABSTRACT Addressing spiritual concerns in psychotherapy might be challenging in secular societies. An additional obstacle may be a possible religiosity gap between psychotherapists and their patients. To explore levels of religiosity and spiritual care competence, the Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire was given to professionals in Norwegian mental health clinics. 262 staff participated, 92 of them psychologists. Results indicated first, that psychologists were significantly less religious than other professionals. Second, competence scores varied in the lower range for all participants, regardless of profession. Third, psychologists were open toward spiritual topics in principle, but hesitant to address them actively.
Impact of the educational technology use in undergraduate pharmacy teaching and learning – A systematic review

Background: Educational technology has been increasingly used in recent years in pharmacy education. Its benefit on teaching and learning as well as its intention of use should be determined. Aims: To understand the technological approaches used in pharmacy education, and the impact of each approach on teaching and learning. Method: Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and ERIC) were searched to identify studies that described the use of technology in undergraduate pharmacy teaching and learning. Results: Thirty-four papers met the inclusion criteria. Majority of the studies (59%) used simulation technologies adopting a situated learning approach to complement or enhance teaching and learning. Most of the studies reported change in two or more concepts of the Kirkpatrick’s model, namely Reaction, Learning, and Behaviour, indicating improvement in learning experience, engagement, and performance. Conclusion: Educational technology with design features aligned with effective pedagogical theories seemed more likely to produce positive student outcomes.
Invasive Plants in Support of Urban Farming: Fermentation-Based Organic Fertilizer from Japanese Knotweed

In this study, fermentation-based organic fertilizer (OF) was produced from the aboveground parts of Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. The quantity of N in OF (17.2 kg t−1 fresh lactic-fermented OF) was higher than average in cattle farmyard manure, but on a comparable level to solid poultry and rabbit manure. The OF was applied on a field to evaluate its effect on Chinese cabbage. The applied nutrients with OF N159 were 159, 19 and 100 kg ha−1 for N, P, and K, respectively. The applied nutrients with OF N317 were 317, 38, and 200 kg ha−1 for N, P, and K, respectively. The average mass of marketable Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.) single heads ranged from 253 g with N0 treatment to 602 g with N317 treatment. The nutrient recovery efficiency REN,P,K was 37, 20, and 50% for N317 and 55, 48, and 77% for N159. The OF was found to be a suitable alternative to farmyard manure. Additionally, OF produced from F. japonica could complement existing approaches to limit the spread of invasive species in cities. Further research should focus on perennial crop rotations and cropping patterns, different soil types, and a greater variety of crops and consider the possible retention of urban farmers using fertilizer from invasive plants.
Analysing soil organic carbon using near infrared spectroscopy in the laboratory and in the field on-line

Der organische Bodenkohlenstoff (OBK) spielt fur die Erhaltung der Bodenqualitat eine wichtige Rolle. Da er raumlich und zeitlich veranderlich ist, ist es erforderlich, den Gehalt des OBK zu messen und dessen Veranderungen festzustellen, um eine nachhaltige Bodenbewirtschaftung gewahrleisten zu konnen. Der OBK kann mit konventionellen Laboranalysemethoden bestimmt werden, jedoch kann die Aufbereitung und Messung zahlreicher Bodenproben sehr teuer sein. Mit der Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS) ist eine zerstorungsfreie Messtechnik gegeben, mit der Bodenanalysen zeiteffektiv und kostengunstig durchgefuhrt werden konnen. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zwei Aspekte der NIRS behandelt: die Anwendung im Labor und auch die Anwendung im Feld on-line. Auch wenn die NIRS eine im Labor bewahrte Anwendung darstellt, gibt es nach wie vor kein standardisiertes Messverfahren, das die Vergleichbarkeit von Bodenspektren verschiedener NIR-Gerate bzw. die Vergleichbarkeit von Spektren, welche von einem Gerat uber einen langeren Zeitraum aufgenommenen wurden, vereinfacht. Daher wurde in dieser Arbeit eine Optimierung der Probenvorbereitung und -messung angestrebt, um Empfehlungen fur ein einheitliches Labormessprotokoll geben zu konnen. Die NIRS Anwendung im Feld ist noch recht neu, so dass das speziell in dieser Arbeit verwendete NIR-System der nordamerikanischen Firma VERIS Technologies Inc. einer weiteren Bewertung bedarf. Hierbei wurden horizontale NIR-Messungen mit einem Pflug fur eine zweidimensionale und vertikale NIR-Messungen mit einem Bohrgerat fur eine dreidimensionale Datenaufnahme durchgefuhrt und die aufgenommen Bodendaten miteinander verglichen. Ebenso wurde die Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit der mit dem Pflug aufgenommen Bodendaten untersucht. Alle hier durchgefuhrten Messungen dienten der Datenaufnahme und Charakterisierung von Ackerboden Norddeutschlands mit dem Ziel, OBK- und Gesamtstickstoffgehalte sowie OBK-Vorrate zu kalibrieren und zu schatzen. Grundsatzlich bestatigt diese Arbeit, dass labor- und feldbasierte NIR-Messungen ein groses Potential haben, den OBK- und Gesamtstickstoffgehalt von Ackerboden zu bestimmen.
Geomorphologic landslide inventory by air photo interpretation of the High Agri Valley (Southern Italy)

ABSTRACT Landslide inventories provide the knowledge basis for many geomorphological applications and also planning and emergency management. Detailed landslide inventories should also be prepared where pre-existing inventories are available, as knowledge updates. In this paper, we present a new geomorphological landslide inventory for an area of the High Agri Valley, Southern Italian Apennines. The map was prepared through systematic interpretation of historical aerial photographs testing extensive use of anaglyph glasses in StereoPhoto Maker freeware. A total of 2124 landslides were classified based on the type of movement, estimated depth, estimated relative age and three levels of uncertainty, providing landslide attributes and map constraints useful for land planning and hazard studies. The map also documents the relationships between landslides and fluvial landforms of different generations, recording important information to investigate the geomorphological evolution of the area further. We expect that landslide mapping in similar environments will benefit from the workflow here presented.
Scrotal base distance: A new key genital measurement in males with hypospadias and cryptorchidism

Abstract Background: Anogenital distance (AGD) in both humans and animals is a known reflection of fetal endocrine effect on genital virilization and the related abnormalities, including cryptorchidism and hypospadias. However, we introduce here and investigate scrotal base distance (SBD) as a sensitive genital anthropometric biomarker in human infants with cryptorchidism and hypospadias, which are considered early manifestations of testicular dysgenesis syndrome. We aim to assess SBD in patients with cryptorchidism or hypospadias against healthy subjects. Material and methods: Patients with hypospadias (n = 61, age 17.4 ± 6.3 months) or cryptorchidism (n = 51, age 11.4 ± 4.8 months) were enrolled for assessment of SBD, AGD, and penile length; and compared with a cohort of 102 full-term healthy boys for standard ritual circumcision by measuring age-specific standard deviation scores. Results: Patients having hypospadias had lower mean SBD, AGD, and penile length standard deviation scores than the control group (p < 0.01). These values in patients with cryptorchidism were longer than mean values in boys with hypospadias (p < 0.01) and shorter than mean values in the control group. Conclusions: We showed that SBD, AGD, and penile length were lower in patients with cryptorchidism or hypospadias compared to normative data measured from a control group of healthy boys for ritual circumcision. These results enforce the use of SBD as an objective anthropometric measurement and a viable biomarker to assess the effects of fetal endocrine imbalance on male external genitalia development.
Komparasi Metode Klasifikasi untuk Deteksi Ekspresi Wajah Dengan Fitur Facial Landmark

Human machine interaction, khususnya pada facial behavior mulai banyak diperhatikan untuk dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk personalisasi pengguna. Kombinasi ekstraksi fitur dengan metode klasifikasi dapat digunakan agar sebuah mesin dapat mengenali ekspresi wajah. Akan tetapi belum diketahui basis metode klasifikasi apa yang tepat untuk digunakan. Penelitian ini membandingkan tiga metode klasifikasi untuk melakukan klasifikasi ekspresi wajah. Dataset ekspresi wajah yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah JAFFE dataset dengan total 213 citra wajah yang menunjukkan 7 (tujuh) ekspresi wajah. Ekspresi wajah pada dataset tersebut yaitu anger, disgust, fear, happy, neutral, sadness, dan surprised. Facial Landmark digunakan sebagai ekstraksi fitur wajah. Model klasifikasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ELM, SVM, dan k-NN. Masing masing model klasifikasi akan dicari nilai parameter terbaik dengan menggunakan 80% dari total data. 5- fold cross-validation digunakan untuk mencari parameter terbaik. Pengujian model dilakukan dengan 20% data dengan metode evaluasi akurasi, F1 Score, dan waktu komputasi. Nilai parameter terbaik pada ELM adalah menggunakan 40 hidden neuron, SVM dengan nilai = 105 dan 200 iterasi, sedangkan untuk k-NN menggunakan 3 k tetangga. Hasil uji menggunakan parameter tersebut menunjukkan ELM merupakan algoritme terbaik diantara ketiga model klasifikasi tersebut. Akurasi dan F1 Score untuk klasifikasi ekspresi wajah untuk ELM mendapatkan nilai akurasi sebesar 0.76 dan F1 Score 0.76, sedangkan untuk waktu komputasi membutuhkan waktu 6.97´10-3 detik. AbstractHuman-machine interaction, especially facial behavior is considered to be use in user personalization. Feature extraction and classification model combinations can be used for a machine to understand the human facial expression. However, which classification base method should be used is not yet known. This study compares three classification methods for facial expression recognition. JAFFE dataset is used in this study with a total of 213 facial images which shows seven facial expressions. The seven facial expressions are anger, disgust, fear, happy, neutral, sadness, dan surprised. Facial Landmark is used as a facial component features. The classification model used in this study is ELM, SVM, and k-NN. The hyperparameter of each model is searched using 80% of the total data. 5-fold cross-validation is used to find the hyperparameter. The testing is done using 20% of the data and evaluated using accuracy, F1 Score, and computation time. The hyperparameter for ELM is 40 hidden neurons, SVM with = 105 and 200 iteration, while k-NN used 3 k neighbors. The experiment results show that ELM outperforms other classification methods. The accuracy and F1 Score achieved by ELM is 0.76 and 0.76, respectively. Meanwhile, time computation takes 6.97 10-3 seconds.
Impact of 16S rRNA Gene Redundancy and Primer Pair Selection on the Quantification and Classification of Oral Microbiota in Next-Generation Sequencing

Hundreds of publications have studied the oral microbiome through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. However, none have assessed the number of 16S rRNA genes in the genomes of oral microbes, or how the use of primer pairs targeting different regions affects the detection of MAs from different taxa. ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the number of 16S rRNA genes in the complete genomes of the bacterial and archaeal species inhabiting the human mouth and to assess how the use of different primer pairs would affect the detection and classification of redundant amplicons and matching amplicons (MAs) from different taxa. A total of 518 oral-bacterial and 191 oral-archaeal complete genomes were downloaded from the NCBI database, and their complete 16S rRNA genes were extracted. The numbers of genes and variants per genome were calculated. Next, 39 primer pairs were used to search for matches in the genomes and obtain amplicons. For each primer, we calculated the number of gene amplicons, variants, genomes, and species detected and the percentage of coverage at the species level with no MAs (SC-NMA). The results showed that 94.09% of oral bacteria and 52.59% of oral archaea had more than one intragenomic 16S rRNA gene. From 1.29% to 46.70% of bacterial species and from 4.65% to 38.89% of archaea detected by the primers had MAs. The best primers were the following (SC-NMA; region; position for Escherichia coli [GenBank version no. J01859.1]): KP_F048-OP_R030 for bacteria (93.55%; V3 to V7; 342 to 1079), KP_F018-KP_R063 for archaea (89.63%; V3 to V9; undefined to 1506), and OP_F114-OP_R121 for both domains (92.52%; V3 to V9; 340 to 1405). In addition to 16S rRNA gene redundancy, the presence of MAs must be controlled to ensure an accurate interpretation of microbial diversity data. The SC-NMA is a more useful parameter than the conventional coverage percentage for selecting the best primer pairs. The pairs used the most in the oral microbiome literature were not among the best performers. IMPORTANCE Hundreds of publications have studied the oral microbiome through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. However, none have assessed the number of 16S rRNA genes in the genomes of oral microbes, or how the use of primer pairs targeting different regions affects the detection of MAs from different taxa. Here, we found that almost all oral bacteria and more than half of oral archaea have more than one intragenomic 16S rRNA gene. The performance of the primer pairs in not detecting MAs increases as the length of the amplicon augments. As none of those most employed in the oral literature were among the best performers, we selected a series of primers to detect bacteria and/or archaea based on their percentage of species detected without MAs. The intragenomic 16S rRNA gene redundancy and the presence of MAs between distinct taxa need to be considered to ensure an accurate interpretation of microbial diversity data.
Microstructure of Structural Lightweight Concrete Incorporating Coconut Shell as a Partial Replacement of Brick Aggregate and Its Influence on Compressive Strength

In this study, coconut shell aggregate (CSA) was used in brick aggregate concrete (BAC) to produce structural lightweight concrete. Various BACs containing CSA (CSBACs) were prepared based on the volumetric mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 (cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregate). CSA was used substituting 0−15% of brick aggregate (BA) by weight. The concrete mixes were designed based on the weight-based water to cement (w/c) ratios of 0.45, 0.50, and 0.55. All the freshly mixed concretes were tested for their workability with respect to slump. In addition, the freshly mixed concretes made with the w/c ratio of 0.50 were examined for their wet density and air content. The hardened concretes were tested for their dry density, compressive strength, and microstructural characteristics (e.g., microcrack, micropore, fissure). The microstructure of CSBACs was investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the fissure width between the cement paste and CSA was measured from the SEM images using “ImageJ” software. The correlation between the compressive strength and fissure width of CSBAC was also examined. Test results showed that the air content of CSBACs including 5–15% CSA was higher than that of the control concrete (0% CSA). In addition, the density and compressive strength of concrete decreased with the increased CSA content. Above all, the most interesting finding of this study was the presence of fissures in the interfacial transition zone between the cement paste and CSA of CSBAC. The fissure width gradually increased with the increase in CSA content and thus decreased the compressive strength of concrete. However, the fissure width decreased with the increased curing age of concrete and therefore the compressive strength of CSBAC was enhanced at later ages. Moreover, a good correlation between the compressive strength and fissure width of CSBAC was observed in this study.
Characterization and Risk Assessment of the Collapse of the Woody Stand of Ecosystems of the Fathala Forest (Saloum Delta Biosphere Reserve-Senegal)

The objective of this study is to characterize and assess the risk of collapse of woody plant formations in the Fathala forest. In recent years, this forest has suffered a sharp reduction in its plant cover to the point of compromising the survival of populations of certain animal species such as the Red colobuses. The methods used are respectively constituted by the transect method, the dendrometric statements method and that of establishing the red list of ecosystems of the IUCN. The specific richness comprises 56 species divided into 47 genera and 22 families. The density is higher in the unfenced area (369 ind/ha in clear forest and 53 ind/ha in gallery forest) compared to the fenced area (160 ind/ha in clear forest versus 48 ind/ha in gallery forest). A study of the plant formations shows a strong degradation of the ecosystems passing from a clear and dry Sudanese forest to a wooded savannah. The cover rate in the fenced area is 20% in gallery forests and 25% in clear forests; in the unfenced area, it is 19% and 23% in gallery forests and clear forests, respectively. The application of the IUCN criteria shows an annual rate of collapse is -6 ind/ha in gallery forests and -4 ind/ha in clear forests. The annual rate of cover collapse would be -3.75% and -2.9% for gallery forests and clear forests, respectively. These results classify the forest in the Critically Endangered category. The main factors responsible for this degradation are, among others, anthropogenic actions and climatic pejoration. These results could constitute a basic tool for undertaking an improvement in the management of this forest, which is a living environment for an animal species.
Influence of timber moisture content on wave time-of-flight and longitudinal natural frequency in coniferous species for different instruments

Abstract Non-destructive techniques (NDTs) are well suited for rapid estimation of timber properties, but NDT results are affected by several factors, the most important of which is the moisture content (MC) of wood. Much of the research in this context was limited to ultrasound measurement of a few wood species, mainly to Norway spruce. The present paper investigates the MC influence on the NDT results obtained by instruments based on ultrasound (two devices), impact stress waves (one device) and longitudinal vibrations (two devices). A hundred large cross-section specimens of four timber species were tested, namely: radiata pine, Scots pine, Salzmann pine and maritime pine. The influence of MC on velocity was found to be stronger below the fiber saturation point (FSP) than above FSP. MC adjustment factors below FSP are proposed for these wood species.
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS, MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME OF AN INTERNATIONAL SERIES OF 41 PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY MEDIASTINAL LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA (PMLBCL) AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) INVOLVEMENT

invariably in the CNS, with concomitant systemic disease in 8; 10 pts with progressive disease limited to the CNS received WBRT, combined with ASCT and/or other drugs, 8 achieving a CR lasting 16 ‐ 84 months (Table). Pts with CNS involvement at 3 rd ‐ 4 th relapse also had systemic, uncontrolled disease, and did not benefit from treatment. At a median follow ‐ up of 61 (10 ‐ 173) months, 9 pts remain relapse ‐ free, with a 5 ‐ yr PFS after CNS relapse of 21 ± 6%, and 17 pts are alive, with a 5 ‐ yr survival after CNS relapse of 42 ± 8%. Systemic disease and meningeal infiltration were not associated with outcome. The 5 ‐ yr survival after CNS relapse of the 26 pts treated with HD ‐ MTX ‐ based combinations was 52 ± 10%. Conclusions: Advanced stage, abdominal extranodal disease and high LDH levels are often recorded in PMLBCL pts with CNS recurrence. Unlike other aggressive lymphomas, CNS involvement at presentation and meningeal infiltration are rare in PMLBCL. Prognosis is poor, but HD ‐ MTX ‐ based therapy and consolidative ASCT are associated with encouraging results. WBRT contributes to the achievement of long ‐ lasting remission even in pts with chemorefractory disease. No conflicts of interest pertinent to the abstract.