Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Migrations, breeding, and growth in Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas) (Pisces, Gobiidae) in Oslofjorden, Norway

Abstract Aspects of the biology of the sand goby were studied over a period of 21 months. The goby is common in the littoral from April (at temperatures above 3° C) to July, when breeding takes place, and from September to December, when the somatic growth occurs. At temperatures above 19° C and below 4–5° G the goby is rare in the littoral. The growth is very rapid, the 0-group fish reaching almost the length of the 1-group fish during their first growing season. Growth is faster than in other populations from similar latitudes, suggested to be due to eutrophication. Spawning occurs even in less than 1 m depth. There is art indication that light intensity, together with temperature, is important for breeding to start. The food consists of any organism of appropriate size and texture. Polychaetes are a conspicuous component. Feeding occurs intensively all through the stay in the littoral, but is lower during the breeding season. Various features of the biology of the sand goby in Oslofjorden appear to be .
Genetic and pharmacologic regulation of cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 activity in mammalian hematopoiesis

Soren Johnson: Genetic And Pharmacologic Regulation Of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4 And 6 Activity In Mammalian Hematopoiesis (Under the direction of Dr. Norman Sharpless) Tight regulation of the cell cycle is required to allow necessary cellular proliferation while avoiding uncontrolled growth and cancer. In mammalian hematopoiesis, this regulation is particularly important because hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) must continuously and rapidly replenish circulating blood cells. Such rapid proliferation leaves HSPC particularly susceptible to damage from ionizing radiation (IR), and also increases the risk of hematologic malignancies. Cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) 4 and 6 are required for the G1/S-phase transition in HSPC, whereas most other tissues do not depend on CDK4/6 activity for cellular proliferation. Because of this tissuespecific requirement for CDK4/6 in the hematopoietic system we sought to identify the cell cycle effects of selective CDK4/6 inhibitors in cell lines. Highly potent and selective CDK4/6 inhibitors arrested CDK4/6-dependent cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, while not affecting cells which proliferate independently of CDK4/6. This selective cell cycle arrest successfully protected arrested cells from IR, whereas less selective CDK inhibitors did not, and cells
Impact of landscape on spatial genetic structure and diversity of Coenagrion mercuriale (Zygoptera:Coenagrionidae) in northern France

Loss and fragmentation of habitat is a current main cause of biodiversity loss in freshwater habitats. Odonates (dragonflies and damselflies) depend on these habitats to complete their development. Fragmentation may be a particular threat for odonates because it generates a network of small habitat patches within which populations could suffer from isolation and loss of genetic diversity. The southern damselfly Coenagrion mercuriale is categorized on the IUCN red list as Near Threatened, largely because of population fragmentation and demographic declines associated with changes in land use. Small populations at the margin of this species’ range are of particular concern because they would be prone to detrimental effects of habitat fragmentation if this species were a poor disperser. We sampled C. mercuriale in 16 habitat patches (localities) at 4 main sites in the department of Pas-de-Calais in northwestern France to quantify factors that affect dispersal and genetic diversity. Specimens were genotyped at 12 microsatellite loci to quantify genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, and the potential effect of landscape variables on genetic differentiation, and to detect any potential source–sink structure. Habitat separation had a limiting effect on dispersal by C. mercuriale, resulting in 3 main genetic clusters and weak divergence at the main site of Vallée de la Course. Genetic differentiation was low in each main site, implying that the localities within sites were connected at scales of up to ∼2 km, albeit with some evidence for isolation at the more isolated localities. Given the degree of isolation of some areas and a lack of apparent genetic mixing in the intervening populations, any movement among the most distantly separated sites must have occurred some time ago. We identified barriers to dispersal, such as woodland, but detecting an unambiguous effect of certain variables, such as urbanization, was difficult because many landscape features were highly correlated.
Genetic evidence extends the known distribution of Octopus insularis to the mid-Atlantic islands Ascension and St Helena

Recent molecular studies have proved beneficial in providing taxonomic resolution within the Octopus vulgaris species complex, therefore aiding in the appropriate management of this high value global fisheries resource. This study used the mitochondrial ‘barcode of life’ gene Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) to investigate the identity of shallow-water benthic octopuses in the mid-Atlantic Ocean and their relationship to members of the Octopus vulgaris species complex. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic inference placed individuals collected from two tropical islands, Ascension and St Helena, into a highly supported monophyletic clade with the North Brazilian species O. insularis (BS = 81, PP = 1), extending the known distribution of O. insularis to Ascension and St Helena Islands. Octopus vulgaris and two other member species of the O. vulgaris species complex, O. tetricus and O. cf. tetricus formed a highly supported monophyletic clade (BS = 99, PP = 1). Interspecific distances between the O. mimus group (O. mimus, O. bimaculoides, O. maya and O. insularis) and the O. vulgaris species group (O. vulgaris, O. tetricus and O. cf. tetricus) ranged from 14.7–26.0%, and an estimated date of divergence suggests these groups diverged from a common ancestor between 19.0 and 40.9 million years ago.
CATTLE POLYPARAZITISM IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLODVA

The studies upon cattle revealed a high level of p arasitic diseases due to irregular treatment or the absence of it and also due to changes in the ag riculture and forestry systems: the privatization a nd the creation of little farms or small scale rearing of animals. All these promote the contact between domestic and wild animals and aid in the transmission of parasit es and diseases from one animal to the another .
Retrieval of soil moisture based on MODIS shortwave infrared spectral feature

Soil moisture was one of the most important parameters characterizing surface dryness conditions.Its retrieval by quantitative remote sensing methods had been a challenging problem.By analyzing the sensitivity of shortwave infrared MODIS band 6 and band 7 to the changes of water,the MODIS shortwave infrared spectral feature space was constructed.According to the soil moisture variation in spectral feature space,a simple and practical MODIS shortwave infrared soil moisture index(SIMI) was put forward and validated using ground-measured 0～10cm averaged soil moisture of Ningxia plain.The results show that the coefficient of determination(R2) of both them varies from 0.39 to 0.58,and SIMI has higher accuracy than temperature-vegetation index(TVX) for soil moisture retrieval.These results support the reliability of this index for regional soil moisture retrieval.However,SIMI does not eliminate the impact of mixed-pixels and still needs further improvement and perfection.
Interna l Parasites from the Marten (Maries americana) in Eastern Washington

Helminths were recovered from 37 of 42 (88%) American martens (Martes americand) collected from northeastern Washington in December of 1990. Capillaria putorii was detected in the stomachs of 36 (86%) martens, Mesocestoides lineatus in the small intestines of 14 (33%), and Trichinella spiralis in the tongues of 2 (5%). Prevalence of M. lineatus was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in juveniles than adults, and simultaneous infections with both helminths was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in juveniles than adults. Histologic examination of the tongues revealed Sarcocystis sp. in 4 of 42 (10%) martens. Capillaria putorii is reported for the first time in martens in Washington. The number of helminths from martens in northeastern Washington was fewer than reported from western Washington.
Association studies in single and double cross F3 populations of okra

The experiment was carried out during kharif 2007 and 2008 at Agricultural Research Station, Hanumanamatti. The correlation studies was done for four single and three double cross of F3 and it revealed highly significant positive association of fruit yield per plant with plant height, number of branches per plant, fruit length, fruit weight, number of seeds per fruit and number of fruits per plant. Path analysis revealed high positive direct effect of number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and number of branches per plant on fruit yield per plant. Therefore, emphasis may be laid on these characters for improving fruit yield per plant.
Patterns of Stress and Coping Mechanisms for Novice School Administrators

The author of this study examined patterns of stress and coping mechanisms for practicing school administrators. Specifically sources of stress and coping strategies of first year principals were compared and contrasted with stressors and coping mechanisms of first assistant principals. At two established professional development cadres, the researcher facilitated discussions among participants, and reflective questions were posed about stressors and stress management. Individual and group responses were recorded, summarized, categorized, and tallied. The findings were that first year principals and first year assistant principals were most stressed by: uncontrollable demands on their time, the negative impact of the amount of time that the job required on their personal lives, their prospective staffs, and the amount of conflict encountered. The findings from this study support previous research in regards to problems faced by first year administrators. When contrasting first year principals to first year assistant principals, differences in the source of stress between the groups occurred in two key areas: job roles and policy issues. When examining the results in regards to recommendations for ways to cope with stress, first year principals and first year assistant principals had these strategies at the top of their lists: sense of humor, venting, and exercise. Assistant principals specifically mentioned that talking with their colleagues and significant others were helpful forms of venting. These findings were similar to previous research studies. In examining differences between the two groups, first year principals had prayer as one of their top strategies. In addition, first year principals seemed to cite more strategies that they could use during the work day whereas the first year assistant principals listed more strategies to be used outside of the work day.
Voluntary food intake by equids

The effect of gut fill on intake is equivocal because intragastric infusions of kaolin had no effect on intake whereas alpha-cellulose decreased intake in the same way as an infusion of glucose (Ralston and Baile 1982a,b). Possibly there is confusion between the effects of bulk, end products of digestion and the post-absorptive state. There is limited evidence to show reduced intake during the post-absorptive state following a glucose infusion (Ralston and Baile 1983). The absence of a structure analogous to the reticulo-omasal orifice as found in ruminants that regulates digesta flow on the basis of particle size, makes it unlikely that physical bulk will regulate intake. It seems unlikely that equids generally eat for “calories” in that, given the opportunity, resting animals will overeat and become obese. There is no information on the effect of circulating levels of VFA on intake but it is known that intragastric and intra-caecal infusions (Ralston et al. 1983) can have an effect although the physiological relevance of this is questionable. Extended photoperiod during the summer results in a higher voluntary dry matter intake (VDMI) that might indicate a hormonal effect. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of facts in relation to the controls of intake by the horse in contrast to the mass of information that has been accumulated for ruminants and simple stomached animals.
Spreading, Infestation and Damage Rates and Adult Population Monitoring of Tomato Leaf Miner [Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] on Open Field Tomato Grown in the South Marmara Region of Turkey

This study was conducted in order to determine spreading, infestation and fruit damage rates and adult population monitoring of Tomato leaf miner, (Tuta absoluta, Meyrick) on open field tomato grown in the South Marmara Region (Bilecik, Bursa, Kocaeli, Sakarya and Yalova provinces) of Turkey in 2011-2012. As result of spreading studies carried out according to systematic sampling method, it was determined that all tomato locations in every province were infested by this pest. Infestation rates were varied between 1% and 10% in the industrial tomato production areas and between 5% and 10% in late season (June- November) fresh tomato production areas. Also, as regards the damage to tomato fruits, there was no damage in the industrial tomato production areas but, fruit damage in fresh tomato production areas were varied between 3% and 5%. In study of the population monitoring, male adults were observed on traps in the months of April and May for first time. The highest population densities were encountered in the months of August, September and October. Adults were caught on traps till end of every year
Impact on Australian Viticulture from Greenhouse Induced Temperature Change

In Australia, projected shifts in annual average temperature between present day and the year 2030 will be in the order of 0.3 to 1.7°C in many of the viticulture areas. By 2070 the projected increase in annual average temperature in viticultural areas is 0.8 to 5.2°C (Figure 1) (Most major grape growing regions are found within the black ovals). The estimates take into account uncertainties associated with the range of future global warming (the greenhouse gas emissions scenarios (IPCC 2000)) and the range of regional climate model responses (IPCC 2001).
Big sagebrush: A sea fragmented into lakes, ponds, and puddles

_____________________________________ Welch, Bruce L. 2005. Big sagebrush: A sea fragmented into lakes, ponds, and puddles. Gen. Tech Rep. RMRS-GTR-144. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 210 p. Pioneers traveling along the Oregon Trail from western Nebraska, through Wyoming and southern Idaho and into eastern Oregon, referred to their travel as an 800 mile journey through a sea of sagebrush, mainly big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). Today approximately 50 percent of the sagebrush sea has given way to agriculture, cities and towns, and other human developments. What remains is further fragmented by range management practices, creeping expansion of woodlands, alien weed species, and the historic view that big sagebrush is a worthless plant. Two ideas are promoted in this report: (1) big sagebrush is a nursing mother to a host of organisms that range from microscopic fungi to large mammals, and (2) many range management practices applied to big sagebrush ecosystems are not science based.
Use of flourescent surrogate organisms for enteric pathogens in validation of carcass decontamination treatments

Use of Fluorescent Surrogate Organisms for Enteric Pathogens in Validation of Carcass Decontamination Treatments. (May 2007) Tiffany Marie Moseley, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Gary R. Acuff During the harvesting process, meat products can become contaminated with enteric pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium. Surrogates for these pathogens would be beneficial for validating carcass decontamination treatments. Surrogate organisms are organisms that behave similarly to specific pathogens but are non-pathogenic and can be used to determine efficacy of decontamination regimes for pathogens. The surrogates proposed are non-pathogenic, ampicillin-resistant E. coli biotype I strains that were previously isolated from beef cattle hides. Each E. coli strain was transformed to express a fluorescent protein (red: EcRFP; green: EcGFP; yellow: EcYFP) that is detectable under an ultraviolet light source. Surface areas on hot boned beef carcasses (clod, brisket, outside round) were inoculated with a fecal slurry containing EcRFP, EcGFP, EcYFP and rifampicin-resistant E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium. Surface regions were then treated in a model spray cabinet using an initial water wash (28oC) followed by treatments using 2% L-lactic acid (55oC), hot water (95oC at source) or a combination of the two. Treatments were compared for their effectiveness at reducing populations of inoculated (4.7 to 6.7 log
Predictability of Attachment Behavior and Representational Processes at 1, 6, and 19 Years of Age: The Berkeley Longitudinal Study.

This chapter summarizes the current findings from the Berkeley longitudinal study of attachment. Here we describe what we have learned to date regarding the attachment-related trajectories taken by 42 participants in our sample, and report striking overall predictability of behavioral, representational, and linguistic processes from infancy to 6 years, and then to 19 years of age. We trace these developments separately via initial infant ‘attachment category’ (“secure,” “insecure-avoidant,” or “insecuredisorganized”1; see category descriptors below), and when possible, we refer as well to the continuous scales associated with the Strange Situation and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). At the time of this writing, a handful of cases have yet to be analyzed, and therefore only the simplest of tests have been conducted, and no exact statistics can yet be given. Our longitudinal study began with the assessment of attachment in infancy, utilizing Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation procedure. Although laboratory-based, this procedure had its origins in Ainsworth’s early adherence to the traditions of ethology, which focus upon the behavior of organisms in their natural environments. Thus, well prior to devising the Strange
Comparative relative susceptibility of NE-183 apple cultivars to fruit rot pathogens in West Virginia

Twenty-three apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) cultivars were tested over a 5-year period with controlled inoculations in the field and laboratory for their relative susceptibility to the pathogens that cause common preharvest ("summer") fruit rot diseases in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Pathogens tested were isolates of Colletotrichum acutatum, Botryosphaeria dothidea, and B. obtusa, the causal agents for bitter rot, white rot, and black rot respectively. Wounded (for Botryosphaeria spp.) or nonwounded (for C. acutatum) fruit were inoculated in the field and laboratory at 2 to 3 weeks preharvest with mycelium (for Botryosphaeria spp.) or conidia (for C. acutatum) from axenic cultures. Fruit were rated for relative susceptibility to the different fungi by determining disease severity of attached fruit in the field based on lesion growth and detached fruit in laboratory inoculations of wounded fruit. Based on the laboratory and field data from 5 growing seasons, cultivars were classified into three relative susceptibility groups: most susceptible: 'Pristine', 'Fortune', 'Sunrise', 'Orin', and 'Arlet'; moderately susceptible: 'Sansa', 'Ginger Gold', 'Golden Supreme', 'Honeycrisp', 'PioneerMac', 'Suncrisp', 'Cameo', 'Senshu', 'Shizuka', 'Yataka', and NY75414; and least susceptible: 'Enterprise', 'Golden Delicious', 'Creston', 'GoldRush', 'Gala Supreme', 'Braeburn', and 'Fuji'. Results of the present study indicate that new apple cultivars from the first NE-183 planting vary in their resistance to the different rot fungi and none, perhaps with the exceptions of 'Gala Supreme' and 'Fuji,' shows uniform resistance to the spectrum of summer rot pathogens included in these experiments.
Three's A Crowd: The Dynamic of Third Parties, Ross Perot, and Republican Resurgence

Reveals how the "dynamic of third parties" fuels the continuing evolution of our political system Three's a Crowd examines the reverberating effects of Ross Perot's historic 1992 and 1996 presidential campaigns. In clear and incisive language, authors Ronald Rapoport and Walter Stone show readers how the Perot campaigns epitomized the influence of third parties on American politics, producing the Republican Party's 1994 resurgence and shaping major-party competition in the elections since that watershed year. The history of American third parties follows a simple are: in one election, the third party raises new issues and defines new voter bloes; in the next, the major parties move in, "bidding" for these new issues and voters. In absorbing new constituencies, however, the major parties open themselves to change. Three's a Crowd is the first in-depth look at the supporters of a major third-party movement and the first study to examine the consequences of an insurgent electoral movement for major-party competition and change. Political scientists Ronald Rapoport and Walter Stone enjoyed unprecedented access to the Perot campaign, from the base electorate to the highest levels. The resulting book is a rich and authoritative study of the third parties' disproportionate influence on the American system, and a must-read for anyone interested in the future of American party politics.
Understanding key issues of sustainable wood production in the Pacific Northwest.

Deal, Robert L. ; White, Seth M. , eds. 2005. Understanding key issues of sustainable wood production in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-626. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 67 p. Researchers involved with the Pacific Northwest (PNW)`Research Station Sustainable Wood Production Initiative have outlined some of the barriers and opportunities for sustainable wood production in the region. Sustainable wood production is defined as the capacity of forests to produce wood, products, and services on a long-term basis and in the context of human activity and use. The collective findings of these papers suggest that in the future, the region’s wood supply will primarily come from private land, and the barriers and opportunities related to sustainable wood production will have more to do with future markets, harvest potential, land use changes, and sustainable forestry options than with traditional sustained yield outputs. Private lands in the PNW should be able to sustain recent historical harvest levels over the next 50 years, but regional changes in sawmilling capacity and uncertain market conditions may affect wood production in the region. Public perceptions of forestry, land use changes, and alternative forestry options are also discussed. These papers present preliminary findings and proposals for future work designed to help us understand the key issues related to sustainable wood production.