Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Rapid Review of Infection Correlates and Impacts on Mental Health and Behaviors

Background: Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) with compact, group-living arrangements have become COVID-19 hot spots during the pandemic. Systematic research is needed to understand factors associated with COVID-19 infections in LTCFs and the inadvertent effects of preventive measures adopted by LTCFs. Objectives: This rapid review identifies factors associated with LTCF residents’ COVID-19 infections and the impacts of the pandemic and the corresponding preventive measures on residents’ mental health and behavioral problems. Methods: Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, we identified and reviewed relevant literature in Medline, PsycINFO, and AgeLine. Results: Thirty-seven articles were identified and reviewed, including 30 reporting factors associated with COVID-19 infections in LTCFs and seven reporting the impact of the pandemic and corresponding prevention measures on LTCF residents. Results revealed four domains of factors associated with COVID-19 infections: facility physical environments, resident characteristics, facility management and testing, and community factors. The pandemic and infection control measures increased residents’ depression, anxiety, loneliness, and behavioral problems (e.g., agitation, hallucinations). Residents without cognitive impairments were more vulnerable to these adverse effects. Conclusion and implications: LTCF managers/policymakers and healthcare designers can help mitigate COVID-19 infections by (1) providing additional resources to vulnerable LTCFs; (2) enhancing the training of personal protective equipment use and guideline compliance; and (3) investing in amenities, such as sinks, quarantine rooms, and outdoor spaces. Digital activities and accessible green spaces can mitigate mental health and behavior issues. Future LTCF design can benefit from flexible spaces, natural ventilation, and reducing crowding.
Association Between Beta-Blocker or Statin Drug Use and the Risk of Hemorrhage From Cerebral Cavernous Malformations

Background: We aimed to determine the association between beta-blocker or statin drug use and the future risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage or persistent/progressive focal neurological deficit from cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM). Methods: The population-based Scottish Audit of Intracranial Vascular Malformations prospectively identified adults resident in Scotland first diagnosed with CCM during 1999 to 2003 or 2006 to 2010. We compared the association between beta-blocker or statin drug use after first presentation and the occurrence of new intracranial hemorrhage or persistent/progressive focal neurological deficit due to CCM for up to 15 years of prospective follow-up. We confirmed proportional hazards and used survival analysis with multivariable adjustment for age, intracranial hemorrhage at CCM presentation, and brain stem CCM location. Results: Sixty-three (21%) of 300 adults used beta-blockers (27/63 [43%] used propranolol), and 73 (24%) used statin drugs over 3634 person-years of follow-up. At baseline, the only statistically significant imbalances in prespecified potential confounders were age by statin use and intracranial hemorrhage at presentation by beta-blocker use. Beta-blocker use was associated with a lower risk of new intracranial hemorrhage or persistent/progressive focal neurological deficit (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.01–0.66]; P=0.018). Statin use was associated with a nonsignificant lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage or persistent/progressive focal neurological deficit (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.01–1.07]; P=0.067). Conclusions: Beta-blocker, but not statin, use was associated with a lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage or persistent/progressive focal neurological deficit in patients with CCM.
Effects of Remote Education During the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Young Children's Learning and Academic Behavior in Georgia: Perceptions of Parents and School Administrators

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND In Spring 2020, Georgia public schools implemented remote learning to manage the spread of COVID‐19. This study explores the effects of remote schooling on the learning of young children in Georgia during the early COVID‐19 pandemic from the perspectives of school administrators and essential working parents. METHODS A qualitative exploratory study was conducted with eight school administrators and 26 essential working parents of children in kindergarten through third grades of two rural and two urban schools in Georgia. Data collection included online surveys, virtual interviews and focus groups. Descriptive analyses of the demographics provided context to emerging themes from qualitative data. RESULTS Most school administrators and parents reported declines in student learning and academic behavior related to remote learning. Lack of Wi‐Fi, technology, and digital literacy were often cited as barriers to learning. Challenges with remote learning were amplified for students and parents of vulnerable groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study illustrate the need to institute policies, procedures, and supports to maximize schools' ability to safely offer in‐person learning during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Considerations should be made of the needs of essential working parents, vulnerable populations, and the digital divide.
Immune Correlates Analysis of a Single Ad26.COV2.S Dose in the ENSEMBLE COVID-19 Vaccine Efficacy Clinical Trial

Anti-spike IgG binding antibody, anti-receptor binding domain IgG antibody, and pseudovirus neutralizing antibody measurements four weeks post-vaccination were assessed as correlates of risk of moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 outcomes through 83 days post-vaccination and as correlates of protection following a single dose of Ad26.COV2. S COVID-19 vaccine in the placebo-controlled phase of ENSEMBLE, an international, randomized efficacy trial. Each marker had evidence as a correlate of risk and of protection, with strongest evidence for 50% inhibitory dilution (ID50) neutralizing antibody titer. The outcome hazard ratio was 0.49 (95% confidence interval 0.29, 0.81; p=0.006) per 10-fold increase in ID50; vaccine efficacy was 60% (43, 72%) at nonquantifiable ID50 (< 2.7 IU50/ml) and rose to 89% (78, 96%) at ID50 = 96.3 IU50/ml. Comparison of the vaccine efficacy by ID50 titer curves for ENSEMBLE-US, the COVE trial of the mRNA-1273 vaccine, and the COV002-UK trial of the AZD1222 vaccine supported consistency of the ID50 titer correlate of protection across trials and vaccine types.
Plasma multi-omic and cardiac imaging network signatures predict poor long-term outcomes after acute myocardial infarction

Prognostic biomarkers for patients with a myocardial infarction (MI) episode are of great interest for risk stratification and care. We measured the plasma proteome and lipidome in patients who were hospitalised for an acute MI and followed up for secondary outcomes in New Zealand (CDCS) and Singapore (IMMACULATE). Using a novel integrative analysis framework iOmicsPASS+, we mapped proteins, lipids, echocardiographic imaging variables and clinical biomarkers to a unified network and identified predictive subnetwork signatures of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and heart failure hospitalization (HFH) in CDCS, with validation in IMMACULATE. Specific plasma proteins and lipids were connected to cardiac imaging variables in the network, and proteins involved in extracellular matrix organization, chemotaxis, inflammation, and apoptosis were major predictors of MACE and HFH. Hub proteins of subnetwork signatures were enriched in the heart, arteries, kidneys, liver and lungs. Our analysis revealed competing signatures beyond established biomarkers of post-MI HFH.
The Paranoid-Schizoid Position and Envious Attacks on the Black Other

ABSTRACT In this paper, the baby’s annihilation anxiety and dependence on the m/other are metaphorically paralleled to the colonial White-self’s annihilation anxiety and dependence on the Black-slave-other. In so doing, I demonstrate how White defenses developed and are perpetually acted-out in the White-Black dichotomy. This parallel requires an historical exploration of the creation of the concept of “Whiteness” and the corresponding constructs of White superiority and Black inferiority. Colonial White males were societally and legally sanctioned to utilize enslaved Blacks for their dependency and survival needs; this resulted in quelling annihilation anxieties. These psychological dynamics persist today through transgenerational transmission. As a result, the Black person has been psychically mutated into a servile part-object “black body. ” Thus, when the black body does not gratify the various dependency needs of the entitled White other, envious attacks on the Black other ensue, to inferiorize the Black other, which restores White psychic equilibrium. I elucidate these dynamics with clinical material using Klein’s theory of the paranoid-schizoid position; specifically, how annihilation anxiety, dependency, loss, and paranoia in the infant parallel similar psychic experiences in the colonial White male and his White female counterpart, and show how such dynamics persist in present day White relations to Blacks.
Effects of Online Crowds on Self-Disclosure Behaviors in Online Reviews: A Multidimensional Examination

ABSTRACT In online environments (i.e., product review sites in our case), consumers are increasingly interacting and socializing with many “strangers” (i.e., online crowds) as well as sharing personal and product information. Drawing from social norms theory, we examine how the multiple aspects of online crowds affect their self-disclosure behaviors as they provide online reviews and investigate the extent to which prior experience moderates this relationship. Our analysis of data from a leading apparel rental site in the United States uncovers that individuals are inclined to conform to the self-disclosure behaviors of a crowd and divulge more personal information as self-disclosure variance within the group increases. Conversely, individuals are more likely to conceal personal information as a review page becomes crowded. The findings reveal that a reviewer’s prior experience of writing a review on the website weakens conformity behavior and reduces the effects of crowdedness. The prior experience also positively interacts with self-disclosure variance in a crowd. Based on these results, we present theoretical implications to literature on social norms and privacy, prior experience, and online reviews. This study also has managerial implications for firms interested in content generation by online reviewers and in review systems where user-generated content is essential.
Do Social Dominance-Based Faultlines Help or Hurt Team Performance in Crowdsourcing Tournaments?

ABSTRACT Firms organize tournaments on online crowdsourcing platforms to outsource complex business problems to external solvers. Participants on these platforms often self-organize into ad-hoc virtual teams to compete in such tournaments. Social dominance-based faultlines, which originate from the alignment of members based on IT-enabled social dominance attributes (e.g., rank and tier), have emerged as a novel type of faultline in crowdsourcing teams. Building on the Categorization-Elaboration Model (CEM), we investigate the contingent effects of team ability and team effort on the relationship between social dominance-based faultlines and team performance in crowdsourcing tournaments. We collected data of 265 virtual teams from Kaggle.com. We discovered that IT-enabled social dominance-based faultlines positively influence the performance of teams with low ability and high effort, whereas the effect becomes negative for teams with high ability and low effort. Our study yields theoretical implications by advancing a novel type of social dominance-based faultline and extending the CEM with two contingent factors (i.e., team effort and team ability) pertinent to team performance on crowdsourcing tournaments. We also offer practical guidelines for team formation in crowdsourcing tournaments and for the design of crowdsourcing platforms.
An Overview on Evolution of Novel Corona Virus and its Challenges

: This article aims to give a detailed outline on the wide-spreading, infectious coronavirus disease and also describes about its morphology, modes of transmission, diseases caused, symptoms, treatment, and various preventive measures. COVID-19 has become a global issue, which has caused a drastic change in the environment. The impact that it has caused on the day-to-day lives of common people is beyond what one has expected. It is estimated that it would take several years for everything just to go back to the old normal.
Determination of Conformity of Scientific Reports to the Conference’s Topics

This paper examines the conformity of scientific reports to conference sections. Assumptions were formulated and tested about how scientific articles are allocated to conference sections. With the help of text mining methods, clusters were identified on which the reports are grouped. The analysis of the terminological composition of the obtained clusters is carried out. The closeness of the resulting topics (clusters) and the degree of their correspondence with the names of sections and specialization of departments are analyzed. The sample for research is formed from the proceedings of the interdisciplinary conference "Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Energy", which was held at the National Research University in 2020. The total sample size is 88 articles. Pay attention to an important feature of the data – our sample consists of extremely short text documents, which contain only the titles of reports. In this regard, the text size varies from 5 to 20 words (the average size is 9 words). Our research has shown a fairly significant discrepancy between expert assessments (the selection of a section by an expert) and clusters built using the tool of Data and Text Mining. At the same time the following dependence was established - most often the reports were distributed by the place of work (or study) of the speaker, i.e. the affiliation to the department determined the section. at the same time, the following dependence was established - most often the reports were distributed by the place of work (or study) of the speaker, i.e. the affiliation to the department determined the section. In addition, we have identified high interdisciplinarity of reports, many of which could (with good reason) be reported on several sections at once. Note also that analysis of the specialized literature showed a good correspondence of our results with other similar studies.
Addressing the Directionality Challenge through RSSI-Based Multilateration Technique, to Localize Nodes in Underwater WSNs by Using Magneto-Inductive Communication

The deployment and efficient use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in underwater and underground environments persists to be a difficult task. In addition, the localization of a sensor Rx node in WSNs is an important aspect for the successful communication with the aforementioned environments. To overcome the limitations of electromagnetic, acoustic, and optical communication in underwater and underground wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), magneto-inductive (MI) communication technology emerged as a promising alternative for usage in UWSNs with a wide range of applications. To make the magneto-inductive underwater wireless sensor networks (MI-UWSNs) more efficient, recently, various research studies focused on the optimization of the physical layer, MAC layer, and routing layer, but none of them has taken into account the effect of directionality. Despite the directionality issue posed by the physical nature of a magnetic field, the unique qualities of MI communication open up a gateway for several applications. The directionality issue of MI sensors is a critical challenge that must be taken into account while developing any WSN protocol or localization algorithm. This paper highlights and discusses the severity and impact of the directionality issue in designing a localization algorithm for magneto-inductive wireless sensor networks (MI-WSNs). A received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based multilateration localization algorithm is presented in this paper, where a minimum of 2 and maximum of 10 anchor Tx nodes are used to estimate the position of the sensor Rx nodes, which are deployed randomly in a 15 m × 15 m simulation environment. This RSSI-based multilateration technique is the most suitable option that can be used to quantify the impact of directionality on the localization of a sensor Rx node.
Wind-Induced Vibration Mitigation in Tall Buildings Using the Tuned Mass-Damper-Inerter

In this paper the classical linear tuned mass-damper (TMD) is coupled with an inerter, a two-terminal device resisting the relative acceleration of its terminals, in various tuned mass-damper-inerter (TMDI) topologies to suppress excessive wind-induced oscillations in tall buildings causing occupants’ discomfort. A parametric numerical study is undertaken involving a top-floor-TMD-equipped planar frame capturing accurately the in-plane dynamic behavior of a 74-storey benchmark building exposed to a quasi-stationary spatially-correlated wind-force field accounting for vortex shedding effects in the across-wind direction. It is found that the TMDI reduces the peak top floor acceleration more effectively than the TMD by considering smaller attached mass values, and TMDI topologies in which the inerter spans more stories in linking the attached mass to the host structure. Moreover, the inclusion of the inerter reduces dramatically the TMD stroke while it was verified that the magnitude of the developing inerter forces can be readily accommodated by the host structure. Pertinent illustrative examples are included showcasing that the TMDI meets code-prescribed serviceability design requirements for new tall buildings using significantly smaller attached mass compared to the TMD, and that inerter devices can be used to upgrade the performance of existing TMD-equipped tall buildings without changing the attached mass.
Factors That Determine the Adoption of Improved Irish Potato Technologies by Farmers in the Western Region of Cameroon

This work examined the determinants of the adoption of improved Irish potato technologies by farmers in three divisions of the Western Region of Cameroon. Data were collected from 170 farmers from 14 villages in our study area using a mixed-method approach—structured questionnaires, focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and participatory observations with individual farmers and farmers belonging to cooperative and common initiative groups. The study employed descriptive statistics and regression analysis to assess the adoption status of farmers and its determinants. The logistic regression analysis showed that farmers’ experience in the cultivation of potatoes, the number of follow-ups, and access to extension facilities after training had a significant positive effect on the adoption of these new technologies while membership to an association had a significant negative effect. Additionally, farmers who received improved seeds from NGOs were more likely to adopt a technology than those who did not. Our results suggested that constant follow-up and training of experienced farmers and the provi-sion of improved potato seeds have the potential of maintaining high rates of Irish potato adoption west in Cameroon irrespective of whether they belong to cooperative or not. We recommend that the number of follow-ups, extension training, and market linkages for farmers should be increased. Addi-tionally, farmers should join farmer groups such as cooperatives or
Cerebrovascular Complications of COVID-19 and COVID-19 Vaccination

The risk of stroke and cerebrovascular disease complicating infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively reported since the onset of the pandemic. The striking efforts of many scientists in cooperation with regulators and governments worldwide have rapidly brought the development of a large landscape of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. The novel DNA and mRNA vaccines have offered great flexibility in terms of antigen production and led to an unprecedented rapidity in effective and safe vaccine production. However, as mass vaccination has progressed, rare but catastrophic cases of thrombosis have occurred in association with thrombocytopenia and antibodies against PF4 (platelet factor 4). This catastrophic syndrome has been named vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Rarely, ischemic stroke can be the symptom onset of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia or can complicate the course of the disease. In this review, we provide an overview of stroke and cerebrovascular disease as a complication of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and outline the main clinical and radiological characteristics of cerebrovascular complications of vaccinations, with a focus on vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Based on the available data from the literature and from our experience, we propose a therapeutic protocol to manage this challenging condition. Finally, we highlight the overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination leading to thrombosis.
Immune Pathways in Etiology, Acute Phase, and Chronic Sequelae of Ischemic Stroke

Inflammation and immune mechanisms are crucially involved in the pathophysiology of the development, acute damage cascades, and chronic course after ischemic stroke. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease, and, in addition to classical risk factors, maladaptive immune mechanisms lead to an increased risk of stroke. Accordingly, individuals with signs of inflammation or corresponding biomarkers have an increased risk of stroke. Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as IL (interleukin)-1β blockers, methotrexate, or colchicine, represent attractive treatment strategies to prevent vascular events and stroke. Lately, the COVID-19 pandemic shows a clear association between SARS-CoV2 infections and increased risk of cerebrovascular events. Furthermore, mechanisms of both innate and adaptive immune systems influence cerebral damage cascades after ischemic stroke. Neutrophils, monocytes, and microglia, as well as T and B lymphocytes each play complex interdependent roles that synergize to remove dead tissue but also can cause bystander injury to intact brain cells and generate maladaptive chronic inflammation. Chronic systemic inflammation and comorbid infections may unfavorably influence both outcome after stroke and recurrence risk for further stroke. In addition, stroke triggers specific immune depression, which in turn can promote infections. Recent research is now increasingly addressing the question of the extent to which immune mechanisms may influence long-term outcome after stroke and, in particular, cause specific complications such as poststroke dementia or even poststroke depression.
The impact of social media activities on raising brand awareness during the COVID-19 pandemic

The aim of this research is to identify social media activities that affect the increase of brand awareness in the fashion industry in Kosovo. The research considers five different social media activities (advertising, influencers, sharing, entertainment, and interaction), and to the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first experiment to consider these factors all together, as well as the first one addressing brand awareness in Kosovo. Quantitative methods were used on a sample of 224 respondents, including confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis. The analysis was conducted by using the AMOS statistical software. The findings indicate that activities, such as interaction and advertising, have a significant impact on brand awareness, unlike entertainment, sharing, and influencers’ behaviour. The findings provide marketers with recommendations regarding social media activities and the challenges that must be considered before they are implemented.