Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on physico-chemical, sensory and microbiological evaluation of carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) nectar under ambient condition

The objective of the study was to develop fruit beverages from this highly nutritious fruit to avoid postharvest loss and extend the shelf life by ways of processing as per the FPO specification of nectar. Observations on TSS, treatable acidity, ascorbic acid, total sugar, microbial association and sensory quality were taken during storage in ambient condition at 15 days interval. Considering all the sensory and chemical factors, it was observed that carambola nectar could be stored successfully for about 45 days without using any chemical preservatives with good sensory quality and acceptability in terms of colour, aroma and taste with no development of off-flavor and minimal microbial count. Thus, this study indicated that value addition of carambola into nectar can help in reducing the wastage, increase availability, fetch better price to the growers and provide new product for good health of consumers in the future.
Bicycle planning in an urban context

Increased bicycling is of great importance for a sustainable transport system. This report is the result of a literature study concerning how different factors associated with bicycle planning influence the propensity to choose the bicycle for transportation. The literature study was carried out in the search engine GoogleScholar and only scientific papers, articles and books were included. Through this literature review, knowledge has been gathered concerning bicycle planning, policies and other factors that influence the use of the bicycle in daily transport. Through the literature study it became evident that the attractiveness of the bicycle should be seen in relation to the car. If it is more attractive to use motorised modes of transport (e.g. through parking norms, costs, level of service) it will be hard to convince people to use the bike instead of the car. It also became clear that there are big differences in how research concerning bicycling and bicycle planning is conducted and there is e.g. no research based on beforeand after studies. Despite this, the results are often very consistent. For instance, the results show that the bicycle infrastructure is of great importance. This implies that if appropriate infrastructure is build people tend to use the bicycle more often. In terms of policy, the time factor seems to be an important issue. This in turn implies, with policies and strategies being consistent over longer time intervals, the impact on the use of the bicycle increases.
Manipulative tactics are the norm in political emails: Evidence from 300K emails from the 2020 US election cycle

We collect and analyze a corpus of more than 300,000 political emails sent during the 2020 US election cycle. These emails were sent by over 3000 political campaigns and organizations including federal and state level candidates as well as Political Action Committees. We find that in this corpus, manipulative tactics—techniques using some level of deception or clickbait—are the norm, not the exception. We measure six specific tactics senders use to nudge recipients to open emails. Three of these tactics—“dark patterns”—actively deceive recipients through the email user interface, for example, by formatting “from:” fields so that they create the false impression the message is a continuation of an ongoing conversation. The median active sender uses such tactics 5% of the time. The other three tactics, like sensationalistic clickbait—used by the median active sender 37% of the time—are not directly deceptive, but instead, exploit recipients’ curiosity gap and impose pressure to open emails. This can further expose recipients to deception in the email body, such as misleading claims of matching donations. Furthermore, by collecting emails from different locations in the US, we show that senders refine these tactics through A/B testing. Finally, we document disclosures of email addresses between senders in violation of privacy policies and recipients’ expectations. Cumulatively, these tactics undermine voters’ autonomy and welfare, exacting a particularly acute cost for those with low digital literacy. We offer the complete corpus of emails at https://electionemails2020.org for journalists and academics, which we hope will support future work.
Comparison of Microecological Characterization in Rhizosphere Soil between Healthy and Diseased Plants in Continuous Cropping Potato Fields

To explore the microecological mechanism of healthy plant growth in continuous potato fields in Gansu Province,China,we measured contents of available soil nitrogen(NH4+-N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)using conventional soil nutrient analytic methods,abundance of soil actinomycetes using serial dilution and plating techniques,and screened antagonistic actinomycetes from obtained actinomycete isolates using the agar block method.The selected dominant actinomycetes were identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis,and the inhibitory effect of one dominant actinomycete,Streptomyces gancidicus,was tested using culture filtrate.Results showed that in the four-year continuous potato field,available soil P and K contents in the rhizosphere of diseased plants were respectively 29.9% and 12.5% lower than those of healthy plants,whereas soil NH4+-N content in the rhizosphere of diseased plant was 24.1% higher than that of healthy plant.Compared with those from the rhizosphere of healthy plants,the number of soil actinomycetes,Micromonospora,and unidentified actinomycetes from the rhizosphere of diseased plants cultured with the Gause1 medium decreased by 51.1%,83.0%,and 53.9%,respectively,whereas the number of soil actinomycetes and Streptomyces from the rhizosphere of diseased plants cultured with the Humic Acid medium decreased by46.0% and 46.7%,respectively.The soil actinomycetes antagonistic potentiality(SAAP)of actinomycetes with antagonistic effects on the four pathogenic fungi of potato were lower in the rhizosphere of diseased plants than in the rhizosphere of healthy plants.S. gancidicus and S.galilaeus were found dominant in the rhizosphere of healthy and diseased plants,respectively.In conclusion,the microecology of rhizosphere soil that supports healthy plant growth in the continuous potato field is mainly characterized by:available nutrient combination of abundant P and K with relatively poor N contents;and a larger number of soil actinomycetes than those of diseased plants,with the numerically dominant actinomycetes showing beneficial antagonistic effect on several common soil-borne pathogenic fungi.
BONE MINERAL DENSITY ASSESSMENT IN CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE

AIMS: The present study is aimed at Estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis, symptoms, etiology, factors inuencing the osteoporosis in patients with Chronic liver Disease. To study the association of osteoporosis and severity of liver dysfunction. Materials And Methods : A total of 50 patients were studied in the Department of Medicine, S.P. Medical Collage Bikaner admitted in medical st st wards, attending medical outdoor and gastroenterology outdoor from 1 of January 2018 to 31 December 2018. Results: In present study, most common diagnosis was Chronic Liver Disease(CLD) where total 46(92%) cases were found followed by Portal Hypertension(PHTN) (60%), Ascites (68%), Alcohol (64%),Diabetes Mellitus(DM) (18%), Eso. varices (14%),Hypertension(HTN) (10%), HbsAg (8%), Alcoholic Liver Disease(ALD). Mean serum bilirubin total in normal group was 2.12±1.58, in osteopenia group it was 5.0±3.42 and in osteoporosis group it was 1.35±0.51 and this difference was found statistically signicant (p<0.01). According to T score, out of 10 normal cases all had their T score > -1.0, in osteopenia group 6 and 28 cases had their T score -1.0 to -2.5 respectively while in osteoporosis group all 6 cases had their T score>-2.5. Mean T score in normal group was 0.40±0.33, in osteopenia group it was -1.82±0.34 and in osteoporosis group it was -2.81±0.14 and on applying ANOVA test, the difference was found statistically highly signicant (p<0.001). Conclusion: we concluded that low BMD is highly prevalent in patients with CLD of variable aetiologies. Causes may be multifactorial. Early screening of osteoporosis in patients with liver cirrhosis will reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality. Attention needs to be drawn towards documentation and management of this metabolic disorder. Limitation of the study is small number of patients.
A study on antibiotic sensitivity test of methicillin resistant and non methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from mastitic milk

The current investigation was planned to evaluate the incidence of “Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus” (MRSA) and “Non-Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus” (Non- MRSA) from clinical mastitis milk samples and their antibiotic resistance profile. From acute clinical mastitic samples isolation and identification of MRSA and Non- MRSA were executed. The isolates were tested using agar disc diffusion method for their antimicrobial susceptibility for eight (8) different antimicrobial drugs. A total of 167 clinical samples of mastitic milk from milching cows were cultured for incidence of S. aureus. MRSA and non MRSA were isolated in 11 (22%) and 39 (78%) from the total of fifty (50) S. aureus positive samples respectively. Based on the antimicrobial sensitivity test results, MRSA isolates were found 100%, 36.36% and 27.27% sensitive to vancomycin, cefazolin and cefotaxime respectively & found 100%, 100%, 100%, 90.90% resistant to, cloxacillin, penicillin, methicillin and oxacillin respectively. Similarly, non MRSA isolates were found 100%, 97.43%, 94.87%, 89.74%, 84.61%, sensitive to vancomycin, methicillin, cefoxitin, oxacillin, cefotaxime respectively & found 20.5%, 15.3%, 10.25% resistant to penicillin, cloxacillin and cefazolin respectively.
69 INTEGRAL KERNELS OF THE RENORMALIZED NELSON HAMILTONIAN

In this article we consider the ground state of the renormalized Nelson Hamil‐ tonian in quantum field theory by using the integral kernel of the semigroup gen‐ erated by the Hamiltonian. By introducing an infrared cutoff, the existence of the ground state is shown and the expectation values of observables with respect to the ground state are given in terms of a probability measure.
EXPLORING A NEW E-GOVERNMENT ADOPTION MODEL – A SOCIAL COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE

Government spending on e-government projects is reportedly over 1 percent of GDP a year (Dunleavy et al., 2008), which forms, undoubtedly, a critical part of government operations. However, the overall uptake of e-government by citizens is still low (United Nations, 2014). To better understand citizens’ adoption of e-government, this study takes a comprehensive and integrated approach. Drawing on the well-established social cognitive theory and grounded on its triadic reciprocal causation model, the study develops a new model for e-government adoption research. To test the model empirically, we conducted a questionnaire survey in the United Arab Emirates. The overall findings demonstrate that e-government adoption is significantly influenced by the interrelationships and interactions among personal, behavioral, and environmental factors. In other words, the triadic relationships among the three sets of factors are likely to determine citizens’ adoption of e-government. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed in the paper.
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Palatal Coverage on Implant Retained Maxillary Overdentures

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine stress levels on supporting structures of implant-retained overdentures as a function of varying degrees of palatal coverage using finite element analysis modeling at different loading angles. Materials and Methods: ABAQUS®-software was used to perform finite element analysis on eight overdenture models with three and four implants and with and without palatal coverage designs. Loads were applied perpendicular and 45◦ to the implants. Von Mises stress was measured to determine bone stress. A one-way ANOVA determined which model caused the most stress to the maxillary bone. Results: Palatal coverage increased stress to anterior implant in three implant (p = 0.08) models but decreased stress to all implants in four implant models (p = 0.43). Distal implants received more stress than anterior implants for all models. There was no significant difference between a full palate and no palate coverage overdenture prosthesis when a bar was added under axial loading (p = 0.954). Under non-axial loading, a decrease in stress was noted with the bar in all areas except the anterior implant site. Conclusions: Palatal coverage may not be necessary when applying a pure axial load. The addition of a bar decreased stress at loading.
How the Other Half Died: Immigration and Mortality in Us Cities

Fears of immigrants as a threat to public health have a long and sordid history. At the turn of the 20th century, when immigrants made up one-third of the population in crowded American cities, contemporaries blamed high urban mortality rates on the newest arrivals. We evaluate how the implementation of country-specific immigration quotas in the 1920s affected urban health. Cities with larger quota-induced reductions in immigration experienced a persistent decline in mortality rates, driven by a reduction in deaths from infectious diseases. The unfavorable living conditions immigrants endured explains the majority of the effect as quotas reduced residential crowding and mortality declines were largest in cities where immigrants resided in more crowded conditions and where public health resources were stretched thinnest.
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Applications Designed for Endodontic Diagnosis, Decision-making, and Prediction of Prognosis: A Systematic Review.

AIM With advancements in science and technology, there has been phenomenal developments in the application of neural networks in dentistry. This systematic review aimed to report on the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) applications designed for endodontic diagnosis, decision-making, and prediction of prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies reporting on AI applications in endodontics were identified from the electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, for original research articles published from January 1, 2000, to June 1, 2020. A total of 10 studies that met our eligibility criteria were further analyzed for qualitative data. QUADAS-2 was applied for synthesis of the quality of the studies included. RESULTS A wide range of AI applications have been implemented in endodontics. The neural networks employed were mostly based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) in their neural architectures. These AI models have been used for locating apical foramen, retreatment predictions, prediction of periapical pathologies, detection and diagnosis of vertical root fractures, and assessment of root morphologies. CONCLUSION These studies suggest that the neural networks performed similar to the experienced professionals in terms of accuracy and precision. In some studies, these models have even outperformed the specialists. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE These models can be of greater assistance as an expert opinion for less experienced and nonspecialists.
Mango sudden decline: An emerging threat in nursery and mango orchards of Andhra Pradesh

Mango sudden Decline (MSD) was observed with clear signs for the first time in the mango orchard and nurseries in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Symptoms were misdiagnosed to dieback and were different in peculiar with gum exudations, splitting of bark, beetle entry holes, vascular discolouration, wilting and rapid death. Morphological and microscopic characterization revealed the presence of Ceratocystis fimbriata and Lasiodiplodia theobromae from the infected bark and twigs. The isolates showed strong pathogenicity on mango cultivar, totapuri fulfilling Koch's postulates. In addition, an association of pathogenic fungi with mango sudden decline and the bark beetle, Hypocryphalus mangiferae was supported with the evidence of signs and their movement in mango seedlings at nurseries. Furthermore this is the first report of MSD caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata and Lasiodiplodia theobromae complex proved to be an emerging threat to mango production in the nursery for grafts production in India.
Hospital-Based Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Pre-School Children in Dubai

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is an internationally recognized leading cause of disability and contributes to childhood morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of IDA is higher in developing countries, especially in Arab countries, compared to the west. Methods: To assess the prevalence of IDA, we analyzed the data of children aged between one to five years seen at Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group’s tertiary care hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 2016 to 2018. Results: We found a high occurrence of IDA in male children and non-Emirati children. Conclusion: Appropriate screening and iron supplementation are required to see a decline in the rate of IDA. Further nationwide studies are required to identify the highly prevalent and high-risk areas of IDA in the UAE.
In silico prediction of b-cell epitopes of dengue virus – A reverse vaccinology approach

Dengue virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes dengue fever in humans. There are four dengue serotypes and infection with more than one serotype resulting in severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. So far, only one vaccine is available for dengue, but its efficacy against all serotypes across various ethnics is not confirmed. A vaccine that can neutralize all four dengue serotypes could be more effective in combating the virus. Prediction of B-cell epitopes using in silico tools, and their subsequent identification will enhance our understanding of the disease pathogenesis and in the development of better vaccines. In this work, three different prediction methods, viz., ABCpred, BCpred, and AAP, were employed for the analysis of all four DV proteomes, resulting in the prediction of 10083 B-cell epitopes, out of which 251 were found to be consensus epitopes occurring in more than one DV serotype. The 251 consensus epitopes were further analyzed for toxicity, antigenicity, and overlapping epitope prediction. Among them, 151 epitopes were predicted as antigenic. Six of them were found to be overlapping, i.e., predicted by more than two prediction methods. Analysis using IEDB database indicates that 92 out of 151 predicetd peptides are novel, hitherto unreported peptides.
Maternal Body Composition during Pregnancy, Maternal Outcome & Neonatal Complications

Background: It is well proven that becoming overweight and obese during pregnancy increase complications in mother while delivering and neonates. Objective: Present study is envisaged to understand the correlation between maternal body composition and complications in mother and neonates. Methodology: It is a cross sectional longitudinal prospective study carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Oman among 300 randomly selected pregnant women. Results: Preeclampsia was recorded in 44% of patients and more than 67% of them were having more than one complaint. Maternal BMI, total visceral fat, resting metabolic rate are significantly (p<0.05) impacting neonatal birth weight and APGAR score. Maternal body age is correlated significantly (p<0.05) with birth weight and head circumference. The birth complication cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension are significantly correlated with maternal body age, total body fat, and gestational age. Conclusion: Authors conclude that majority of the pregnant woman in their third trimester suffering from overweight or from high-fat deposition in their bodies are noted to have risks of macrosomia, impaired APGAR score, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension and undergo cesarean delivery. To cite this article [Chitme, H. , R. , Al Numani, D. , A. , Al Dhahri, M. , M. , & Al Mamari, N. S. (2019). Maternal Body Composition during Pregnancy, Maternal Outcome & Neonatal Complications. The Journal of Middle East and North Africa Sciences, 5(9), 5-13]. (P-ISSN 24129763) (e-ISSN 2412-8937). www.jomenas. org. 2
Does host stage affect the morphometry of Aenasius arizonensis (Girault), a solitary endoparasitoid of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley?

We investigated the influence of three nymphal instars (1, 2 and 3) and adult stages of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley on the morphometric parameters of Aenasius arizonensis (Girault). The study was conducted to identify the suitable host stages for quality improvement in mass production of A. arizonensis for biocontrol program against P. solenopsis. The female parasitoid parasitized all the stages of P. solenopsis except 1 instar nymphs, while the parasitism of 2 instar nymphs yielded only males in the progeny. The length and breadth of parasitoid mummies (pupae); body size, antenna length, the length of fore-leg, middle-leg and hind-leg, and wing size of both male and female adults increased significantly with an advancement of host stage. The measurements through Scanning Electron Microscopy images also confirmed that the length of hind-leg increased with increase in host stage. The results of this study have implications for utilizing adult and 3 instar nymphal stages in mass production A. arizonensis for larger sized progeny and devising an effective biological control strategy against P. solenopsis.
Growth parameters of tropical sugar beet as influenced by planting methods and dates of sowing in northern dry zone of Karnataka

Field experiment was conducted at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Agricultural Research Station, Mudhol), Karnataka, during 2011-12 and 2012-13 in order to study the effect of planting methods and dates of sowing on growth and yield of tropical sugar beet under irrigated condition. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with five replications. Two planting methods viz. Broad Bed and Furrows (BBF) and Ridges and furrows were assigned to horizontal plots and four dates of sowing viz. August 1st fortnight (FN), September 1st FN, October 1st FN and November 1st FN were assigned to vertical plots. Totally eight treatment combinations were evaluated for two seasons. Growth parameters are recorded at various intervals and final yield was recorded during harvesting. Experimental results showed that Planting on BBF found superior than ridges and furrows and sowing in October 1st FN found significantly superior to other treatments. Interaction effect did not differed significantly with respect to plant height, number leaves per plant, SPAD value and crop growth rate (CGR). October 1st FN sowing on BBF produced significantly higher dry-matter accumulation in dry-matter partitioning studies. The same treatment combination produced significantly higher root, top and sugar yield.