Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GLUCOSE UPTAKE BY CYCLOTELLA CRYPTICA: DARK INDUCTION AND LIGHT INACTIVATION OF TRANSPORT SYSTEM 1, 2

Glucose transport capacity of C. cryptica increases in an exponential manner over 24 hr after transfer of the cells from light to complete darkness with little simultaneous increase in cell number. The transport system is rapidly inactivated when cells are transferred back to continuous light. Most of the inactivation takes place while there is still little changes in cell number. When grown on a continuous light regime, the capacity for glucose transport per cell depends on the light intensity. At intensities sufficient to saturate photosynthesis the glucose transport system is only about 5% that of dark‐grown cells, while cells grown at intensities close to the light compensation point have about 30% of the capacity of dark‐grown cells. The action spectrum for inactivation of glucose transport is identical to that for photosynthesis.
Calibration of a hydraulic architecture-based growth model of cotton plants

Le modele AMAPpara decrit la croissance a long terme de plantes comme le resultat cumulatif des interactions cycliques entre leur developpement architectural et leur fonctionnement ecophysiologique. Ce modele est base sur la relation classique constatee entre la transpiration et la production de biomasse ; l'efficience d'utilisation de l'eau y est supposee constante. L'accroissement en biomasse est partage entre les differents organes (feuilles, entre-noeuds) selon la force de leur puits et selon leur loi d'expansion. Leur forme est calculee selon des regles geometriques etablies empiriquement. On en deduit l'architecture hydraulique puis la transpiration sous l'action d'un potentiel hydrique. Une equation de recurrence est ainsi etablie : elle relie automatiquement la croissance et l'architecture au cours des cycles de croissance successifs. Sous l'hypothese que les conditions climatiques oscillent faiblement autour de valeurs moyennes stables durant tout le cycle de croissance, il est possible d'estimer les parametres de AMAPpara a partir de donnees architecturales et morphologiques mesurees en fin de croissance. Une application est faite sur cotonnier et l'on obtient un ajustement satisfaisant du modele qui fournit des predictions qualitativement et quantitativement satisfaisantes de l'architecture de la plante. (Resume d'auteur)
Emociones y decisión de voto. Los componentes de voto en las elecciones generales de 2016 en España / Emotions and Voting Decisions: Components of the Vote in the General Elections of 2016 in Spain

espanolEl estudio de las emociones ha resurgido en los ultimos veinte anos desde diferentes espacios disciplinares y con diferentes enfoques teoricos y engranajes metodologicos, si bien su incorporacion en el ambito de la ciencia politica no ha sido sencillo. Bajo una lectura complementaria de la relacion que emociones y razon guardan entre ellas, nos proponemos en este trabajo realizar un analisis del papel que las emociones puedan tener en la decision de voto. Para ello, el convulso y confuso contexto politico que se produjo en las elecciones generales de 2016 en Espana, tras un intento fallido de formacion de gobierno, resulta el escenario idoneo en el cual analizar y estudiar el impacto que en la decision de voto de los electores jugo, junto a otros componentes tradicionales, el elemento emocional. EnglishThe study of emotions has resurged in the last 20 years from different discipline spaces and with different theoretical approaches and methodological gears, although its incorporation in the field of political science has not been simple. Under for further reading of the relationship that emotions and reason keep between them, we propose in this work to perform an analysis of the role that the emotions can have in the voting decision. To this end, the convulsed and confusing political context that took place in the General Elections of 2016 in Spain, after an unsuccessful attempt of government formation, it is the ideal scenario in which to analyse and to study the impact that in the voting decision played it, along with other traditional components, the emotional element.
Can giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) populations be restored on Singapore's heavily impacted coral reefs?

1. Giant clams have been a sustainable resource for millennia, but unregulated harvesting has led to local extinctions within the Indo-Pacific region. Giant clam mariculture can produce large numbers of juveniles for restocking wild populations where natural recruitment is low or absent. 2. Singapore is surrounded by more than 60 small islands, many with fringing reefs. These reefs, however, experience increased turbidity and sedimentation resulting from massive coastal development projects and regular dredging of shipping lanes. 3. Seven reefs off Singapore's southern islands were surveyed (9670 m2) for giant clams. Also, an experiment was conducted to determine the growth of Tridacna squamosa reared in aquaria under three light treatments: ∼50% ambient photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); ∼25% ambient PAR; and ∼12% ambient PAR. Finally, 144 clams (T. squamosa) were transplanted to four reefs around Singapore to study survival and growth in a heavily impacted environment. 4. A total of 23 adult clams from three species were found during the survey, representing a mean density of 0.24 per 100 m2. Most clams were found at Raffles Lighthouse, Singapore's ‘best’ reef. No juvenile clams were encountered. In the aquarium experiment, clam growth was significantly different among the three light treatments, with growth greatest in the ∼50% ambient PAR treatment. Of the 144 transplanted clams, 116 (80.6%) were recovered after 7 months. All specimens had increased in size, with growth rates among reefs ranging from 3.3 mm month−1 (SD=1.3 mm) to 4.8 mm month−1 (SD=1.6 mm). 5. Results suggest that, despite high levels of sedimentation and turbidity on Singapore's reefs, giant clams can survive and grow well. Restocking efforts using maricultured clams may be effective in enhancing the dwindling local populations. It is not clear, however, whether a self-sustaining community can be established as high sedimentation may hinder larval settlement and survival. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How everyday classroom experiences in an international teaching internship raise student teachers’ awareness of their subjective educational theories

ABSTRACT This study explores how 33 student teachers’ reflections during 106 ‘bumpy moments’ while in an international student teaching internship reveal their professional beliefs, and how the moments make the student teachers reflect upon their subjective educational theories. Student teachers described four themes of professional beliefs: (1) pedagogical content knowledge, (2) school context, (3) organisational skills and (4) self-reflection. Their reflections highlighted aspects of their subjective educational theories when they perceived they lacked an appropriate practical teaching strategy or they had pedagogical interactions with pupils or supervisors. The student teachers’ reflections on pedagogical interactions in a cross-cultural context made them aware of moral dimensions in teaching and their own position during normative (inter)actions. The findings of this study indicate that teacher educators should focus on everyday teaching details that occur during bumpy moments in a student’s teaching practice to explicate larger concepts such as the student teachers’ beliefs.
New method for estimating the economic penalties of ferrous scraps in the steelmaking industry due to material degradation during its storage in scrap yards

The ever-increasing pressure on the steelmaking industry to reduce its environmental footprint and achieve higher performance ispushing the sector to continuous improvement of its processes, This new paradigm places steel scrap recycling-based manufacturingprocesses as one of the main alternatives for the steelmaking industry. Using heterogeneous recycled scrap mixtures for producing new andhigher performance steel products requires the use of well characterized scrap to reduce uncertainties of the process. However, ferrousscrap might be stored for long periods of time in scrap yards and be affected by atmospheric corrosion that degrades its initial quality. Inthis paper a new empirical methodology is proposed, which helps quantify the influence of this degradation phenomenon on the Electric ArcFurnace (EAF) performance based on the Value In Use (VIU) of the scrap. The equations proposed allow estimating the extra cost induced bydegradation of ferrous scrap material during storage periods.
Nickel in Cows’ Milk

Summary Nickelous chloride was fed as a supplement (500 mg. daily) to the rations of six cows for a period of 2 months by the double reversal method and the milk was analyzed for nickel. Although varying amounts of nickel were found in the numerous milk samples taken, it was shown that when the milk was kept from contact with metal by milking directly into glass jars, nickel was not present. Therefore it was concluded that nickel is not a constituent of natural milk and that the varying amounts found in the course of the investigation came from the milking machine. The difference in this respect between cobalt and nickel, two closely related elements, is discussed briefly.
Reduced dispersal at nonexpanding range margins: A matter of disperser identity

Abstract The evolution of dispersal at range margins received much attention recently, especially in the context of dynamic range shifts, such as those following climate change. However, much less attention has been devoted to study variation in and selection on dispersal at nonexpanding range margins, where populations are often small and isolated, and empirical test is dearly missing. To fill this gap, we tested whether dispersal of an ant‐dispersed perennial plant (Sternbergia clusiana) is quantitatively and/or qualitatively reduced toward a nonexpanding range margin. We evaluated plant investment in dispersal structures (elaiosome), seed removal rates, and the relative abundance, activity, and behavior of low‐ and high‐quality seed‐dispersing ants in six sites ranging from mesic Mediterranean site to arid site (>600 to <100 mm of annual rainfall, respectively), which marks the southern range margin of the species. In a set of cafeteria and baiting experiments, we found that overall seed removal rates, the contribution of high‐quality dispersers, maximum dispersal distance and dispersal‐conducive ant behavior decreased toward range margins. These findings agree with a lower investment in reward by range margin plant populations, as reflected by lower elaiosome/seed ratio, but not by variation in the reward chemistry. More than variation in traits controlled by the plants, the variation in ant–seed interactions could be attributed to reduced presence and activity of the more efficient seed‐dispersing ants in the marginal populations. Specifically, we found a mismatch between local distribution of potentially effective seed dispersers and that of the plant, even though those dispersers were observed in the study site. Interestingly, although the observed variation in the outcome of ant–seed interactions supported the prediction of reduced dispersal at nonexpanding range margins with small and isolated populations, the underlying mechanism seems to be incidental difference in the seed‐dispersing ant community rather than a plant‐mediated response to selection.
Stimulation of growth performance without causing stress response in young red sea bream, Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel), by photoperiod manipulation

Three photoperiods (12L:12D, 16L:8D and 24L:0D) were used to investigate the growth performance and stress response in red sea bream, Pagrus major (body weight 200–400 g). Fish were fed a commercial diet to apparent satiation, two times a day for 8 weeks. Fish exposed to a 24L:0D photoperiod showed a significantly higher weight gain (%) than those exposed to other photoperiods (P<0.05). The best specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency were achieved at 24L:0D and 16L:8D, without significant differences among them. Although fish exposed to 16L:8D showed a significantly higher plasma level of cortisol than those exposed to other photoperiods in the third week, there was no major variation in the cortisol level among the treatments either at the sixth week or at the end of this study. There were no significant differences either in the haematocrit level or the plasma levels of glucose, total cholesterol and total protein among the treatments during this study. The results revealed that the growth performance of red sea bream reared from 200 to 400 g can be stimulated significantly using a continuous (24L:0D) photoperiod without any measurable significant stress response in fish.
Smoothed particle magnetohydrodynamics with the geometric density average force expression

We present a novel method of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) within the smoothed particle hydrodynamics scheme (SPMHD) using the geometric density average force expression. Geometric density average within smoothed particle hydrodynamics (GDSPH) has recently been shown to reduce the leading order errors and greatly improve the accuracy near density discontinuities, eliminating surface tension effects. Here, we extend the study to investigate how SPMHD benefits from this method. We implement ideal MHD in the GASOLINE2 and CHANGA codes with both GDSPH and traditional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (TSPH) schemes. A constrained hyperbolic divergence cleaning scheme was employed to control the divergence error and a switch for artificial resistivity with minimized dissipation was also used. We tested the codes with a large suite of MHD tests and showed that in all problems, the results are comparable or improved over previous SPMHD implementations. While both GDSPH and TSPH perform well with relatively smooth or highly supersonic flows, GDSPH shows significant improvements in the presence of strong discontinuities and large dynamic scales. In particular, when applied to the astrophysical problem of the collapse of a magnetized cloud, GDSPH realistically captures the development of a magnetic tower and jet launching in the weak-field regime, while exhibiting fast convergence with resolution, whereas TSPH failed to do so. Our new method shows qualitatively similar results to those of the meshless finite mass/volume schemes within the GIZMO code, while remaining computationally less expensive.
Blood Product Requirement in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Relation to Chemotherapy Regimens

Background: Along with lack of studies that systematically address the transfusion requirements and triggers in acute leukemia, no study to date has addressed the blood product use with respect to ongoing chemotherapy (CT) in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Objectives: This study was therefore designed to evaluate total erythrocyte, random platelet and apheresis platelet suspension requirement in pediatric ALL patients in relation to ongoing CT protocols. Methods: A total of 146 pediatric patients with ALL were included in this retrospective study. Data on patient demographics, CT protocol, amount and efficacy of blood product use (erythrocytes, apheresis platelet and random platelet), and survival during CT were retrieved from hospital records. Results: The average amount of erythrocytes, apheresis platelets and random platelets received by 146 ALL patients from the date of diagnosis were 14 (3 - 78) bags, 9 (1 - 97 bags and 11 (1 - 83) bags, respectively. Protocol 1b augmented was associated with the highest amount of erythrocyte use (P < 0.001), while no significant difference was noted in apheresis platelet and random platelet use with respect to CT regimens. Erythrocyte transfusion was associated with a more marked increase in hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte (WBC), lymphocyte and neutrophil counts as compared with apheresis platelet and random platelet infusions, while protocol 2 was associated with higher Hb (P = 0.017) levels after erythrocyte transfusion. Conclusions: Our findings indicate a great amount of blood product transfusion to be required in children with ALL under CT and emphasize the likelihood of transfusion need and efficacy of transfusion to alter with respect to ongoing CT regimen. The need in patients using augmented BFM protocol 1 b was highest, and albeit the need of blood and blood product transfusions vary within patients, the anticipated median need for blood products at diagnosis and at various blocks of treatment may be helpful for the blood banks, doctors of the respective pediatric hematology-oncology centers to plan as patients are treated.
Cloning, phylogenetic analysis, and postnatal expression of oligopeptide transporter PepT1 in gastrointestinal tract of kid goats receiving supplemental feed or pasture

Abstract: This study aimed to clone the cDNA of PepT1, an H+-dependent oligopeptide transporter, from kid goats and examine effects of physiological development (suckling, weaning, and post-weaning) of the animal and feeding system (supplemental feeding vs. grazing) on peptide transport capability. A 2395 bp cDNA sequence of pept1 (GenBank: MH308024) was cloned and phylogenetic analysis revealed a high homology and structure similarity with PepT1 of sheep and cattle. The pept1 was expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract of kid goats immediately after birth and during development. Relative abundance of pept1 decreased in all segments except the middle-jejunum during suckling, whereas its expression in most segments of small intestine increased with age after weaning and remained stable thereafter. Middle-jejunum was the predominant expression site and probably the main peptide absorption site. Supplemental feeding enhanced pept1 expression because it increased protein intake compared with grazing. No feeding system × age interaction was observed in most segments; the expression was age related during suckling and diet related during weaning and post-weaning, indicating that feeding system and age had independent effects on pept1 expression. These results indicate that PepT1 plays an important role for protein nutrition in neonatal goats, and its expression can be affected by feeding system.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF MUCILAGINOUS ACHENES OF ARTEMISIA MONOSPERMAINHABITING THE NEGEV DESERT OF ISRAEL

Artemisia monosperma is a sand-fixing perennial shrub occurring in the Negev Desert of Israel and is distributed in the SaharoArabian phytogeographic region. Itsachenes form a mucilaginous layer when wetted. The surface and cross section structure of the dry achenes and the developmental stages of the mucilage when wetted were examined by SEM. In natural seed populations the achenes on the soil surface adhere to the sand particles of the sand crust, or are buried near the sand surface. Groups of dry free achenes and adhered achenes were placed on the natural sand crust during the autumn before the first rains. The length of time it took ants to collect the free and adhered achenes was noted. The results indicated that strong achene adherence to the sand crust may delay seed collection by ants.
The primitive lines of Amblystoma jeffersonianum

The author has had in progress for several years a study of the origin of the cerebral ganglia of Amblystoma jeffersonianum. The study had not progressed very far before it became evident that the origin and fate of the neural crest presented a distinct problem. This was discussed in a previous paper by the author (Landacre, '21). When the problem of the origin of the ganglia was taken up a second time, another difficulty appeared in the effort to describe the relation of the lateral-line ganglia to the migratory lateralline placodes. When these two structures are followed back in a close series to their earliest recognizable stages, it becomes evident that they are closely associated with each other in their origin and, further, that they are both related to more primitive structures that have not apparently rcceived proper consideration in the discussion of the origin of cerebral ganglia. The origin of the specific lateral-line placodes and of the lateralis ganglia of the VII, IX, and X nerves is consequently postponed in order to describe in detail the origin, position, and fate of the primitive lines, or placodes, which have apparently received little attention since Miss Platt ( '94) discussed them. The migratory lateral-line placodes in Amblystoma (Stone, '22) and in hnura (Harrison, '04), as well as in elasmobraiichs (Johnson, 'li) are conspicuous features of the early
An analysis of factors affecting the profitability of small-scale broiler farming in Bangladesh

The socio-economic profile of small-scale broiler farmers was studied, the factors influencing profitability were analysed and constraints to broiler farming under rural conditions were identified in Bangladesh. Primary data were collected from November 2009 to February 2010 from a total of 77 broiler farmers by direct interviewing using a semi-structured questionnaire, of which 40 were located in the Mymensingh, 22 in the Sherpur and 15 in the Kishorgonj districts of Bangladesh. Data were edited and categorised into different farm sizes (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 & 600 flock sizes). Among the 77 farms, three had 100 birds, 12 had 200 birds, four had 300 birds, 17 had 400 birds, 30 had 500 birds and 11 had 600 birds each. Data for productive performance and cost and returns were used to determine benefit cost ratios (BCR) and correlated between the selected factors. The most important factor affecting profit in this study appeared to be feed conversion ratio which resulted from quality of feed and chicks and the management techniques of the farm. It was also found that the farm size, training, education, farming experience and extension contact were significant factors affecting profitability of small-scale broiler farms. Lack of quality chicks appeared as a major complaint of the farmers and this constraint ranked highest. Price instability of both chicks and live broilers was a problem for the farmers, and ranked second among the constraints. Low price of finishing broilers, high feed cost and interruption in feed supply ranked in third, fourth and fifth places respectively. Other constraints reported by the farmers included lack of technical knowledge, biosecurity, variation in feed quality, lack of access to credit, influence of middlemen, power failure and lack of technical support or extension for farming. Finally, some conclusions and recommendations are made in order to promote small-scale broiler farming in Bangladesh.