Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparisons of food security, dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes between adult North Korean Refugees in South Korea and South Koreans

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES North Korean refugees (NKRs) in South Korea are a unique population as they must adapt in a new country with similar cultural traits but different social, political, and economic systems, but little research has been conducted on diet and nutrition in this population. This study examined food security, dietary behaviors, and nutrient intakes among adult NKRs living in South Korea and compared them to those of South Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS The subjects were 139 adult NKRs (25 men, 114 women) living in the Seoul metropolitan area, and 417 age- and sex-matched South Korean controls (SKCs; 75 men, 342 women) selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Food security and dietary behaviors (meal skipping, eating-out, meals with family, nutrition education and counseling, and nutrition label knowledge and utilization) were obtained using self-administered questionnaires. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 24-hr recall. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS ver. 23.0. RESULTS In South Korea, food security had improved over the previous 12 months, but remained significantly poorer for NKR women than SKC women. Meal skipping was three times more frequent than for SKCs and eating-out was rare. Average energy intake was 1,509 kcal for NKR men and 1,344 kcal for NKR women, which was lower than those of SKCs (2,412 kcal and 1,789 kcal, respectively). Significantly more NKRs (men 24.0%, women 21.9%) showed simultaneously deficient intake in energy, calcium, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin than SKCs (men 2.7% (P = 0.003), women 7.0% (P < 0.001)). NKR women had a significantly higher index of nutrient quality (INQ) for some nutrients than SK women. CONCLUSIONS This study reports significant differences in food security, dietary behaviors, and nutrient intakes between NKRs and SKCs. Generally, NKRs reported lower intakes despite improved food security, but relatively good INQs across nutrients. Further research is needed to understand processes of food choice and consumption among NKRs to provide appropriate support aimed at improving diets.
A Distributed Conjugate Gradient Online Learning Method over Networks

In a distributed online optimization problem with a convex constrained set over an undirected multiagent network, the local objective functions are convex and vary over time. Most of the existing methods used to solve this problem are based on the fastest gradient descent method. However, the convergence speed of these methods is decreased with an increase in the number of iterations. To accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm, we present a distributed online conjugate gradient algorithm, different from a gradient method, in which the search directions are a set of vectors that are conjugated to each other and the step sizes are obtained through an accurate line search. We analyzed the convergence of the algorithm theoretically and obtained a regret bound of OT, where T is the number of iterations. Finally, numerical experiments conducted on a sensor network demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of community pharmacists in relation to cholesterol screening in Delta State, Nigeria

Elevated level of cholesterol is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Community pharmacies are considered as ideal settings to provide screening services for chronic medical conditions. An adequate knowledge and a positive attitude towards cholesterol screening would increase pharmacist’s involvement in cholesterol lowering interventions and referrals. The objective of this study was to assess community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude and resource availability in relation to cholesterol screening in Delta State, Nigeria. A 33 item pre tested self-administered questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.628 was distributed to all 160 community pharmacists in Delta State. The questionnaire items assessed knowledge, attitude and available resources in relation to cholesterol screening. Categorical data was expressed as frequency and percentages. Chi-square test was performed to explore relationship between demographic variables and pharmacist’s knowledge. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. More than half (64.7%) of community pharmacist were knowledgeable in relation to cholesterol and its influence on cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol screening services were provided by only 11.3% community pharmacies in Delta State. Majority (82%) were willing to be trained in the use of cholesterol meter. Nearly half, 42.9% had a negative attitude towards cholesterol screening. Pharmacist’s knowledge about cholesterol and its influence in cardiovascular diseases was satisfactory. However, attitude towards cholesterol screening was largely negative and provision of such services was very low. Key words: Cholesterol screening, community pharmacies, knowledge, Nigeria.
Effect of myricetin on the gene expressions of NOX3, TGF-β1, prestin, and HSP-70 and anti-oxidant activity in the cochlea of noise-exposed rats

Objective(s): Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common occupational diseases in industrialized countries and can be affected by various environmental and genetic factors. This study was designed to examine the effect of myricetin in preventing this disorder. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: Non-exposed, noise exposure only, noise exposure with vehicle, noise exposure with myricetin 5 mg/Kg, and noise exposure with myricetin 10 mg/kg. All animals were sacrificed after last noise exposure. The left cochlea was dissected from each rat. It was used for mRNA expression analysis (NOX3, TGF-β1, prestin, and HSP-70). Blood samples were collected to assess superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, 1, 1 diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) measurements. Results: Real time-PCR assay revealed that noise decreased NOX3 and increased TGF-β1, prestin, and HSP-70 gene expressions. Administration of myricetin at the dose of 5 mg/kg, but not at 10 mg/kg, significantly reversed these changes. Noise also increased MDA levels and decreased SOD and DPPH scavenging activities. Myricetin at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg also reversed these changes. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that myricetin at the dose of 5 mg/Kg was able to reverse noise-induced abnormalities in gene expression and oxidant/anti-oxidant balance. It is a possibility that myricetin via enhancement of anti-oxidant activity induced these effects.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE, BLOOD PARAMETERS AND INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY OF MOLAR DUCKLINGS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PROBIOTICS

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding commercial probiotic preparation (Proact) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, intestinal morphological parameters and economical efficiency. A total of 240, one-day old Molar ducklings were individually weighed, wing- banded and randomly assigned to eight equal groups each of 3 replicates (30 birds each). All birds were fed a starter diet until 21- day of age and finisher diet from 22 day until marketing (70 d). Ducklings of group 1 (control) were fed the starter and finisher diets without Proact supplementation. Ducklings of groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were fed the control diets plus graded levels of Proact (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75g/ kg diet, respectively). Results revealed that ducklings of group 4 (0.75) showed significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and performance index. Moreover, feed conversion ratio, European efficiency index and economic efficiency were significantly improved. Carcass and giblets weights and percentage were significantly (P≤ 0.05) increased with the supplementation. Probiotics supplementation (0.75g/ kg diet) significantly increased serum glucose and liver enzymes (AST and ALT), and significantly (P≤ 0.05) decreased createnine, cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipids. However; total protein and albumen were not affected. Moreover, villi height, villi width and villi height: villi width ratio were significantly improved by the addition of probiotics up to 0.75g/ kg diet. Therefore, it may be concluded that supplementation of 0.75g probiotics/ kg diet could be used in diets of Molar ducklings from 0-10 weeks of age to improve growth performance, feed efficiency, and carcass traits.
Phytochemical Screening and Hepatoprotective Potential of Aqueous Fruit Pulp Extract of Adansonia digitata against CCL4 Induced Liver Damage in Rats

Aim: The current study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of aqueous extract of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in rats. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, between November 2017 and January 2018. Methodology: A. digitata fruit pulp was extracted by maceration using water; and a concentration of 100 mg/ml was used. Two doses of the aqueous extract (200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) and Livoline Original Research Article Sa’id et al.; AJBGMB, 3(3): 12-21, 2020; Article no.AJBGMB. 54697 13 (25 mg/kg) were used to investigate their hepatoprotective effects on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Results: The two doses of the plant extract showed dose-dependent hepatoprotective effect on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity, as evident by the significant reduction (P<0.05) in serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP and bilirubin along with the improved histopathological liver sections compared to CCl4treated animals. Conclusion: Due to its hepatoprotective potentials, A. digitata extract may be used to develop standard treatment drugs against some liver disorders when it is further evaluated through extensive researches.
A New Multi-Hop Localization Based on 2 (cid:2) Constraint Least Square for Anisotropic Networks

Multi-hop localization is a common method for wireless networks. However, when this network is anisotropic, the performance of multi-hop localization is greatly reduced due to deviation of the relationship between hop counts and physical distance. In order to improve the performance of multi-hop localization in anisotropic networks, this paper uses the 2 (cid:2) constraint least square to build a mapping relationship that represents the anisotropy of a network based on anchors. During transformations between the hops and the physical distances, the proposed algorithm can prevent over-fitting through the constraint of some space. The proposed algorithm has strong adaptability to the complex deployment environment; it overcomes the shortcoming of the traditional algorithm which applies only to the isotropic network. We also compare our method with several related methods, and the results show that our proposed method is more efficient than others in different topological networks. Furthermore, high accuracy can be obtained by this method without setting complex parameters.
Factors Influencing Risky Driving Behavior in Young Motorcyclists at Bandung City, Indonesia

Risky driving behaviour is one of the causes of road accidents, especially in adolescents. This study is aimed to get factors causing risky driving in teenage drivers in the city of Bandung, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The method of this study is descriptive. The population of this study are motorcyclists who are classified as adolescents, have been ticketed for at least 6 months from the data was taken, and have lived in the city of Bandung, at least for 1 (one) year. The sampling technique used is random sampling. By using the instrument to measure intention of behaviour, we collected data from 135 respondents. The finding of this research those are among the three determinants of intention to drive in risk, attitude toward behaviour (ATB) is the most influencing factor for the behaviour. It was followed by Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) factor that has influenced 22,1%, and interestingly the Subjective Norm (SN) only gave 4,8% as an influencing factor to the risky driving behaviour. By believing that behaviour will have positive consequences, the attitude towards risky driving behaviour becomes positive. The limitations of the study are discussed.
Effect of CAR, LDR, NPL, and NIM on ROA in Devisa National Public Private Banks Registered on the IDX 2013–2017 Period

The research on Foreign Exchange BUSN is aimed at knowing the effect of CAR, LDR, NPL and NIM on ROA in Devisa National Public Private Banks Registered On The IDX 2013-2017 Period. The type of research used is associative research . Using quantitative methods. The population in this study is BUSN consists of 26 Banks. The sampling technique for research uses a purposive sampling method. The number of recognized research samples is 7 bank sample. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression analysis and classical assumption tests. Testing the hypothesis used is the statistical test t and F statistical test. The results showed that partially CAR had a non-significant negative effect on ROA, LDR has no significant positive effect on ROA, NPL has a significant negative effect on ROA, and NIM has a significant positive effect on ROA. In addition, the results of the CAR, LDR, NPL and NIM studies simultaneously influence ROA.
Relative joint contribution to joint hypermobility: The need for careful consideration of lumbar flexion

Background: Joint hypermobility is measured using the Beighton and Horan Joint Mobility Index which provides a Beighton score of 0-9. Generally scores of ≥4 are classified as hypermobile however joint hypermobility classification lacks consistency across the literature. Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the relative contribution of 5 joints to joint hypermobility scores in female and male rugby players, female netball players, female dancers and male and female age matched controls. Study Design: Individual cohort study. Methods: Joint hypermobility was assessed in 286 subjects using the Beighton and Horan Joint Mobility Index who were assigned a Beighton score of 0-9. These scores were then categorised using three different joint hypermobility classifications and results were analysed using a Pearsons Chi Square (x2) to report the relative contributions of each joint to hypermobility scores. Results: Significant differences existed for group and gender analysis at the left and right 5th metacarpophalangeal joints, left and right thumb, left and right elbow and lumbar spine (P < 0.001). Lumbar flexion demonstrated significant x2 values and large effect sizes for all groups. This effect size was reduced to a moderate effect size when male against female analysis was performed and joint hypermobility was greater in females in comparison to males. The knee joint demonstrated the lowest hypermobility across all populations and ranged from 3% in male rugby players to 24% in female dancers. Seven hypermobile knees existed in males and 53 in females. Female dancers had the highest prevalence (93%) of hypermobile lumbar flexion and all female groups had a higher prevalence of hypermobile lumbar flexion than males. The removal of lumbar flexion from the total Beighton score had no effect on joint hypermobility prevalence in males in contrast to females were changes were demonstrated. Conclusion: Joint hypermobility classification of female dancers should consider the high prevalence of hypermobile lumbar flexion in interpretation. The consideration of separate classification systems for males and females, different sports and dance may aid future understanding.
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF DAFLON AGAINST THE RENAL-HEPATIC TOXICITY

Methotrexate (MTX) is considered a folic acid antagonist, used frequently in the treatment of various types of diseases and has had a major role in the treatment of inflammation and suppressive material for immunity in Non – tumor diseases like acute arthritis and psoriasis. This study was designed to investigate the effect of methotrexate and pre-treatment with daflon in attenuation of its development for renal-hepatic toxicity. Twenty-four healthy, local, domestic rabbits were randomized divided into 4 groups: group 1 (control), group 2 (20mg\kg MTX group), group 3 (Daflon 100 + MTX) and group 4 (Daflon 200 + MTX). At the end of experiment, blood samples were collected from the heart then the liver and kidney tissues were excised. Plasma level of S.ALT, S.AST, ALP, total protein, bilirubin, urea, creatinine and oxidation parameters (GSH, and MDA) were measured. The Results show that the Compared with the control group, levels of S.ALT, S.AST, ALP, urea, creatinine and MDA were increased (p<0.05), while total protein and GSH were decreased (p<0.05) in MTX group with deterioration of liver and kidney tissues. While group 3 (Daflon 100 + MTX) and group 4 (Daflon 200 + MTX) showed decreased levels of S.ALT, S.AST, ALP, urea, creatinine and MDA while total protein and GSH were increased (p<0.05) in as compared with MTX group with improvement of liver and kidney structures. Conclusions: The results of the present study reveal that daflon has been shown to attenuate MTX induced hepato-renal toxicity.
ROCZNIKI PSYCHOLOGICZNE/ ANNALS OF PSYCHOLOGY

The paper summarizes the discussion on continuing education in psychological assessment to which the lead article by Filipiak et al., published in Roczniki Psychologiczne (18(2015), No 2, 171-183 pp.), was an invitation. The issues discussed concern the definition of assessment as a service vs. competency, the placement of formal regulations on education at the Polish vs. European level, the contents of education, and the organization of education in the broader context of the psychologist’s professional role, as well as the problem of education in assessment, not only for psychologists. Presenting their stance on the issues discussed, the authors formulate recommendations concerning: (a) systemic solutions for continuing education in psychological assessment, (b) the need to pursue research verifying the usefulness of particular forms of teaching assessment competencies, and (c) the need for promoting the culture of co-operation between practicing and academic psychologists.
Benefit of Higher Maximum Force Output in Bone Anchored Hearing Systems: A Crossover Study

Objective: To investigate how higher maximum force output (MFO) in bone anchored hearing systems (BAHS) affects perceived benefit and the subjective experience of sound as well as hearing outcomes in subjects with mixed hearing loss. Study Design: Prospective single-center, randomized crossover design (A-B-A) with within-subject control design. Patients: The study included 19 experienced BAHS users with mixed hearing loss in the fitting range of a standard BAHS. Interventions: The study evaluated two sound processors with differing MFOs and sizes—Device A: standard sound processor with a lower MFO and Device B: superpower sound processor with a higher MFO. Outcome Measures: Speech recognition in noise at different signal to noise ratios, aided thresholds, and questionnaires. Results: Speech recognition test showed significant improvements using Device B compared with Device A at both 78 dB SPL (mean difference: 9%) and 75 dB SPL (mean difference: 12%) (p < 0.05). Moreover, speech, spatial and qualities of hearing scale (SSQ12-C) showed a significantly greater perceived benefit with Device B concerning spatial abilities (mean: 0.5–0.6) (p < 0.05). At the conclusion of the study, 58% of participants chose to keep Device A for further use. The main reasons for this were the size of the sound processor and a more comfortable sound experience. Conclusions: A BAHS sound processor with a higher MFO leads to improved speech-in-noise performance in loud/noisy listening situations and is perceived as significantly better to process spatial information in daily listening situations. However, the relation between cosmetics and performance is not straightforward, and several factors seem to affect the selection process of BAHS.
Weather shocks and their effects on net agrarian revenue in small and medium-size farm in Peru

This study explores the effect of weather shocks (temperature and precipitations) on net agrarian revenue in small and medium-size farms in Peru. The paper used Geographic In-formation Systems data of weather variables combined with agrarian information of more than 68,000 households from the National Agrarian Survey of the period 2015-2017. The results suggest that there is a negative effect of the temperature deviation of -6.7 percentage points over the annual net agrarian revenue per hectare. In addition, the study does not find a statistically significant effect of the precipitation deviation. Results are ro-bust to different specifications and inclusion of outliers. The estimated effects on this pa-per are similar than those estimated by Seo and Mendelsohn (2007) for small farms in Latin America. The study finds regional differences. On the Coast, the effect of temperature on net agrarian revenue is 9.9 percentage points, in the Rainforest 4.3 and no effects in the High-land. The latter is consistent with the literature that states that in cold zones the tempera-ture have either small or no effect (Seo, Mendelsohn and Munasinghe, 2005; Mendelsohn and Reinsborough, 2007). Finally, using the 4 RCP scenarios of the IPCC (2014), the paper estimates that by the end of the 21st century the losses in the annual net revenue per hec-tare for the small and medium size farms in Peru could be between 11.8 and 43.5 percent-age points.
Impact of Admission Hyperglycemia on Postmyocardial Infarction Left Ventricular Remodelling

Objectives: This study aims to assess left ventricular (LV) remodelling in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients presented with admission hyperglycemia (AH) and to determine the association between AH and LV remodelling. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study and we analysed LV remodelling in 122 AMI patients. AH was defined as a glycemia on admission ≥ 140 mg/dl. We divided the patients according to the admission plasma glucose and history of diabetes into three groups: 45 euglycemic patients, 36 diabetic patients and 41 hyperglycemic non diabetic patients. Systematic echocardiographic study was performed at baseline and at 12 months later. Results: The changes in LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) from baseline to 12 months follow up was 4.86 ± 13.20 cm3 in euglycemic group, 86.47 ± 65.53cm3 in diabetics and 149.40 ±