Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CO Survey of SpARCS Star-forming Brightest Cluster Galaxies: Evidence for Uniformity in BCG Molecular Gas Processing across Cosmic Time

We present ALMA CO (2-1) detections of 24 star-forming brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) over 0.2 < z < 1.2, constituting the largest and most distant sample of molecular gas measurements in BCGs to date. The BCGs are selected from the Spitzer Adaptation of the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (SpARCS) to be IR-bright and therefore star-forming. We find that molecular gas is common in star-forming BCGs, detecting CO at a detection rate of 80% in our target sample of 30 objects. We additionally provide measurements of the star formation rate and stellar mass, calculated from existing MIPS 24 μm and IRAC 3.6 μm fluxes, respectively. We find these galaxies have molecular gas masses of 0.7–11.0 × 1010 M ⊙, comparable to other BCGs in this redshift range, and specific star formation rates that trace the main sequence of Elbaz et al. We compare our BCGs to those of the lower-redshift, cooling-flow BCG sample assembled by Edge and find that at z ≲ 0.6 the two samples show very similar correlations between their gas masses and specific SFRs. We suggest that, in this redshift regime, the ∼10% of BCGs that are star-forming process accreted molecular gas into stars through means that are agnostic to both their redshift and their cluster mass.
An Efficient CTC Decoding Strategy with Lattice Compression

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) has been widely used for acoustic modeling task in state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. To complement the acoustic model, several streams of works have been proposed to decode CTC output and incorporate language model: WFST decoder, Seq2Seq decoder and RNN decoder. Among these candidates, RNN decoder is the most suitable for CTC since it does not require any explicit lexicon dictionary for decoding, and thus it is able to produce open vocabulary output. However, the state-of-the-art RNN decoder is often slower during decoding process, and this severely limits their usage for realtime speech recognition. In this work, we propose an efficient decoding strategy for RNN decoder that significantly improve the decoding speed of the RNN while not losing performance. Previous works on RNN decoder typically decode audio frames one by one, they waste lots of computation resource traversing the sparse CTC outputs. In this work, we exploit this sparsity of CTC by analyzing the distribution of characters and propose an efficient lattice structure in the decoder. Our experiments show that the decoder could accelerate decoding process by approximately 4X at the cost of only losing 0.2% Word error rate (WER).
Systematic formulations for electronegativity and hardness and their atomic scales within density functional softness theory

A unified Mulliken valence with Parr ground-state electronegativity picture is presented. It provides a useful analytical tool on which the absolute hardness as well ionization potential and electron affinity functionals are based. For all these chemical reactivity indices, systematic approximate density functionals are formulated within density functional softness theory and are applied to atomic systems. For the absolute hardness, a special relationship with the new electronegativity ansatz and a particular atomic trend paralleling the absolute electron affinity are established that should complement and augment the earlier finite-difference energetic approach. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Dual role of endothelial Myct1 in tumor angiogenesis and tumor immunity

Myct1 inhibition controls tumor angiogenesis, remodels tumor immunity, and improves immunotherapy outcomes in mouse tumor models. DeMyctifying the tumor microenvironment Anti-angiogenic treatments have so far delivered only modest success in patients with cancer, and the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapies need to be better understood. Kabir et al. identified Myct1 as a critical factor for tumor growth and progression through dual effects on vascular development and tumor immunity. MYCT1 interacted with Zona Occludens 1 and regulated Rho GTPase-mediated actin cytoskeleton dynamics, and deficiency promoted antitumor T cell and macrophage phenotypes. The combination of Myct1 inhibition and immunotherapy led to tumor regression and long-term survival in tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that MYCT1 may be a promising target for antitumor therapy in the future. The cross-talk between angiogenesis and immunity within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for tumor prognosis. While pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive TME promote tumor growth, anti-angiogenic and immune stimulatory TME inhibit tumor progression. Therefore, there is a great interest in achieving vascular normalization to improve drug delivery and enhance antitumor immunity. However, anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mechanisms to normalize tumor vessels have offered limited therapeutic efficacies for patients with cancer. Here, we report that Myct1, a direct target of ETV2, was nearly exclusively expressed in endothelial cells. In preclinical mouse tumor models, Myct1 deficiency reduced angiogenesis, enhanced high endothelial venule formation, and promoted antitumor immunity, leading to restricted tumor progression. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets revealed a significant (P < 0.05) correlation between MYCT1 expression, angiogenesis, and antitumor immunity in human cancers, as suggested by decreased FOXP3 expression and increased antitumor macrophages in patients with low MYCT1 expression. Mechanistically, MYCT1 interacted with tight junction protein Zona Occludens 1 and regulated Rho GTPase-mediated actin cytoskeleton dynamics, thereby promoting endothelial motility in the angiogenic environment. Myct1-deficient endothelial cells facilitated trans-endothelial migration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and polarization of M1 macrophages. Myct1 targeting combined with anti-PD1 treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased complete tumor regression and long-term survival in anti-PD1–responsive and –refractory tumor models in mice. Our data collectively support a critical role for Myct1 in controlling tumor angiogenesis and reprogramming tumor immunity. Myct1-targeted vascular control, in combination with immunotherapy, may become an exciting therapeutic strategy.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of VEGFR2 with Sorafenib and Other Urea-Substituted Aryloxy Compounds

The binding mode of sorafenib with VEGFR2 was studied using molecular docking and molecular dynamics method. The docking results show that sorafenib forms hydrogen bonds with Asp1046, Cys919, and Glu885 of VEGFR2 receptor. Molecular dynamics simulation suggests that the hydrogen bond involving Asp1046 is the most stable one, and it is almost preserved during all the MD simulation time. The hydrogen bond formed with Cys919 occurs frequently after 6 ns, while the bifurcated hydrogen bonds involving Glu885 occurs occasionally. Meantime, molecular dynamics simulations of VEGFR2 with 11 other urea-substituted aryloxy compounds have also been performed, and the results indicate that a potent VEGFR2 inhibitor should have lower interaction energy with VEGFR2 and create at least 2 hydrogen bonds with VEGFR2.
Broad neutralization of H1 and H3 viruses by adjuvanted influenza HA stem vaccines in nonhuman primates

Nonhuman primates immunized with adjuvanted stabilized headless HA stem nanoparticles generated influenza-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies. Toward a universal influenza vaccine Development of a universal influenza vaccine is of paramount importance, as seasonal vaccines vary in terms of protection. Here, Darricarrère et al. moved a universal influenza vaccine one step closer to the clinic. The authors vaccinated nonhuman primates with headless hemagglutinin stabilized-stem antigens presented on ferritin nanoparticles. The vaccines elicited antibodies that neutralized a diverse array of influenza strains, suggesting that the vaccines would provide broad protection against influenza infection in vivo. These vaccines, which are now in clinical trials, are promising candidates for broadly protective influenza vaccines. Seasonal influenza vaccines confer protection against specific viral strains but have restricted breadth that limits their protective efficacy. The H1 and H3 subtypes of influenza A virus cause most of the seasonal epidemics observed in humans and are the major drivers of influenza A virus–associated mortality. The consequences of pandemic spread of COVID-19 underscore the public health importance of prospective vaccine development. Here, we show that headless hemagglutinin (HA) stabilized-stem immunogens presented on ferritin nanoparticles elicit broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses to diverse H1 and H3 viruses in nonhuman primates (NHPs) when delivered with a squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant, AF03. The neutralization potency and breadth of antibodies isolated from NHPs were comparable to human bnAbs and extended to mismatched heterosubtypic influenza viruses. Although NHPs lack the immunoglobulin germline VH1-69 residues associated with the most prevalent human stem-directed bnAbs, other gene families compensated to generate bnAbs. Isolation and structural analyses of vaccine-induced bnAbs revealed extensive interaction with the fusion peptide on the HA stem, which is essential for viral entry. Antibodies elicited by these headless HA stabilized-stem vaccines neutralized diverse H1 and H3 influenza viruses and shared a mode of recognition analogous to human bnAbs, suggesting that these vaccines have the potential to confer broadly protective immunity against diverse viruses responsible for seasonal and pandemic influenza infections in humans.
The Clinical Utility of Serum CXCR-2 Assessment in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients

Background/Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the levels of the C-X-C-motif chemokine receptor-2 (CXCR-2) serum receptor in comparison to the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tumor marker and – the C-reactive protein (CRP) inflammatory marker in the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: Our study comprised 59 patients with CRC and 46 healthy subjects. Serum concentrations of the analyzed proteins were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay and immunoturbidimetric methods. Results: Serum levels of CXCR-2 were lower, while those of CEA and CRP were significantly higher in CRC patients in comparison to the control group. The diagnostic sensitivity of CXCR-2 was higher than that of CEA, and increased when CXCR-2 analysis was combined with CEA or CRP. Conclusion: According to our knowledge, this is the first study concerning the significance of CXCR2 as a CRC biomarker. Measurement of the serum levels of CXCR-2 may improve the diagnosis efficiency of CRC patients, especially in combination with the tumor marker CEA.
Investigating Young Children’s Conceptualizations of Disability and Race: An Intersectional, Multiplane Critique

Education researchers have extensively documented young children’s capacity to exhibit “bias” in relation to disability or race. By and large, data generation has focused on children’s awareness and attitudes about disability or race, rather than how interactions and structures construct and reinforce them. Bridging disability critical race theory (DisCrit) and sociocultural perspectives, this essay proposes the need for intersectional, multiplane qualitative data generation in studying young children’s disability and race conceptualizations to account for the ways intersecting, oppressive ideologies are perpetuated in young children’s worlds. In this essay, I briefly describe and critique extant data generation practices, concluding with possibilities for future investigations.
Baseline Tumour Size as a Prognostic Factor for Radioiodine-refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated With Lenvatinib

Background/Aim: Lenvatinib is standard therapy for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC), although the optimal timing for starting treatment is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of baseline tumour size (BTS) in patients with RR-DTC treated with lenvatinib. Patients and Methods: Fifty-one RR-DTC patients who had at least one measurable lesion and treated with lenvatinib were retrospectively analysed. BTS was defined as the sum of the longest dimensions of all measurable target lesions. Results: Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the larger BTS (≥42 mm) group were shorter than those in the smaller (<42 mm) group. This result was more significant in patients with fast-growing tumours. BTS was an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS. Conclusion: Starting lenvatinib at BTS <42 mm should be recommended to achieve good treatment outcomes in patients with RR-DTC.
Studies on the population biology of helminth parasites of fish species from the Caspian Sea drainage basin

Abstract The northern section of the Caspian Sea and lower reaches of the Zhaiyk (Ural) River is an important fishery for Kazakhstan. In the present study, a total of 1597 individuals of ten fish species were analysed. The fish were caught over three years, from 2018 to 2020. For each species studied – Abramis brama, Alosa saposchnikowii, Atherina boyeri caspia, Carassius gibelio, Chelon auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Leuciscus aspius, Rutilus caspius, Sander marinus and Sander volgensis – between 100 and 200 individuals were examined. A series of generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to examine the association between individual parasite intensity of infection and the Fulton index, age, year the fish was captured, where the fish was captured (northern Caspian or Zhaiyk River) and sex. For each GLM, the best-fitting probability distribution was used –either Poisson, zero-inflated Poisson, negative binomial or zero-inflated negative binomial. For some fish/parasite species, an increased Fulton index was associated with higher intensities of parasite infection, whilst, for others, the Fulton index decreased with the intensity of parasite infection. This was also true of age-related intensity of infection, with some parasites having an increased intensity of infection with age whilst others had a decreased intensity of infection with age. There was also some evidence of variation in intensity of parasite infection between different years when the fish were caught. For some species of fish that are endemic to both the fresh waters of the Zhaiyk River and the low-saline waters of the northern Caspian, there were variations in intensity of parasite infection between the two environments. The best-fitting probability distribution also gave some information about the dynamics of infection. No fish species had a Poisson distribution of parasites, which is consistent with an entirely random infection process, with all fish being potentially exposed. For some parasites, the distribution was a zero-inflated Poisson, which is consistent with either the fish being exposed to parasite infection or not; and, if exposed, infection was a random process. Other parasites had a negative binomial distribution, consistent with the entire fish population being exposed, but the infection process was clumped or there were variations in the susceptibility of infection between fish. Finally, some of the parasites had a zero-inflated negative binomial distribution, which can be interpreted as part of the fish population not being exposed and the remainder of the population being exposed to a clumped or aggregated infection process and/or a variation in individual susceptibility to infection.
Effects of Exchanged Cation and Layer Charge on the Sorption of Water and Egme Vapors on Montmorillonite Clays

The effects of exchanged cation and layer charge on the sorption of water and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) vapors on montmorillonite have been studied on SAz-1 and SWy-1 source clays, each exchanged respectively with Ca, Na, K, Cs and tetramethylammonium (TMA) cations. The corresponding lattice expansions were also determined, and the corresponding N2 adsorption data were provided for comparison. For clays exchanged with cations of low hydrating powers (such as K, Cs and TMA), water shows a notably lower uptake than does N2 at low relative pressures (P/P0). By contrast, EGME shows higher uptakes than N2 on all exchanged clays at all P/P0. The anomaly for water is attributed to its relatively low attraction for siloxane surfaces of montmorillonite because of its high cohesive energy density. In addition to solvating cations and expanding interlayers, water and EGME vapors condense into small clay pores and interlayer voids created by interlayer expansion. The initial (dry) interlayer separation varies more significantly with cation type than with layer charge; the water-saturated interlayer separation varies more with cation type than the EGME-saturated interlayer separation. Because of the differences in surface adsorption and interlayer expansion for water and EGME, no general correspondence is found between the isotherms of water and EGME on exchanged clays, nor is a simple relation observed between the overall uptake of either vapor and the cation solvating power. The excess interlayer capacities of water and of EGME that result from lattice expansion of the exchanged clays are estimated by correcting for amounts of vapor adsorption on planar clay surfaces and of vapor condensation into intrinsic clay pores. The resulting data follow more closely the relative solvating powers of the exchanged cations.
Acute Kidney Injury Following Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy With Cisplatin

Background/Aim: Cisplatin increases the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) during systemic chemotherapy. However, little is known about its risk of inducing AKI when used during intraperitoneal chemotherapy. This study aimed to determine the incidence of AKI in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with cisplatin. Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who received cisplatin-based HIPEC from November 2008 to March 2018 was undertaken to determine the incidence of AKI. Results: A total of 111 patients were identified. The incidence of AKI was 15.3% (17/111). Univariate analysis showed increased peritoneal cancer index (PCI), low intraoperative and post-operative urine output were significantly associated with the development of AKI. Multivariate analyses did not identify any significant predictors factors for AKI. Conclusion: Cisplatin-based HIPEC is associated with AKI. At our centre, the incidence of AKI was 15.3%. Risk factors that may influence its development include high PCI and low perioperative diuresis.
The Anti-oxidant Monoterpene p-Cymene Reduced the Occurrence of Colorectal Cancer in a Hyperlipidemia Rat Model by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines

Background/Aim: Overexpression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress increase the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in obesity and hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the monoterpene antioxidant p-cymene would reduce the incidence of CRC in a rat model of hyperlipidemia. Materials and Methods: The hyperlipidemic CRC rat model was established by a high-fat diet and dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induction. All rats received 30 mg/kg DMH to induce CRC, and were then assigned to groups with a normal diet or high-fat diet with/without 30 mg/kg/day p-cymene orally during the entire experimental period. Tumor incidence in each group, and the level of serum inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related markers in intestinal tissues were measured. Results: p-Cymene significantly inhibited CRC occurrence in hyperlipemic rats (p=0.024) by reducing the expression of serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 by 54.5%; interleukin-6 by 28.3%; adiponectin by 26.3%; cyclo-oxygenase-2 by 48.4%) and intestinal oxidative-stress cytokines (total antioxidant capacity by 30.4%; superoxide dismutase by 30.3%; malondialdehyde by 47.1%). Conclusion: p-Cymene has clinical potential to reduce the incidence of CRC in hyperlipemia.
Constructing a professional identity in VET: teacher perspectives

ABSTRACT A notion of being a professional and acting with professionalism suggests particular standards associated with identity and practice. For vocational education and training (VET) educators in Australia, the notion of ‘professional’ that is encased within association and registration does not apply. Yet these educators operate in contexts where a discourse of professionalism influences their enactment of their vocation. This paper reports on the findings from an exploration of professional identity in relation to vocational teachers in the VET/further education sector in Australia. Twenty-six TAFE teachers from a large government training provider in Australia participated in semi-structured interviews that explored current practices associated with continuing professional development, key motivations to act as a professional, and the consideration of appropriate qualification levels for VET teaching. The aspects of the research reported and discussed in this paper relate to the teachers’ perceptions of themselves as professionals and the bases on which they made those judgements. The findings reveal a clear belief in themselves as professionals, and ultimately as dual professionals. The teachers were strongly grounded in their industry vocation but regarded their second vocation, teaching, as legitimising their right to be regarded as professionals, even without teacher registration or membership of a professional association.
Spanish adolescents and fake news: level of awareness and credibility of information (Los adolescentes españoles frente a las fake news: nivel de conciencia y credibilidad de la información)

ABSTRACT Young people’s exposure to fake news is a growing concern in terms of the risks that are beginning to emerge related to health (anxiety and stress), democracy (loss of trust in the media and institutions) and post-truth (permanent questioning of the facts). To ascertain Spanish adolescents’ exposure to false news, their level of awareness and how they value the credibility of digital information, the ‘CHECK-M’ questionnaire was designed and administered to 480 adolescents (N = 480). The results reveal that most have heard of fake news but trust their abilities to detect this kind of content. This self-confidence leads them to also state that they know that there is information designed explicitly to deceive citizens. However, when evaluating the veracity of information, they do not attach importance to fundamental criteria such as having a recognized author or being accurate. This raises the need to reinforce adolescents’ critical thinking starting in the most elementary stages of education.