Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Novel Shallow Aggregate Ebb-and-flood Culture System and Transplant Size Effects on Hydroponic Basil Yield

Ornamental bedding plant operations transitioning to leafy greens and herb production must decide whether to invest in new hydroponic equipment or modify existing culture systems for edible crops. In addition, common practices used to increase space-use and production efficiencies during bedding plant production may be modified for hydroponic leafy greens and herbs, such as purchasing large seedlings for transplant. The objective of the first experiment was to evaluate plant growth in a modified and novel shallow aggregate ebb-and-flood (SAEF) system intended for bedding plant growers with an emphasis on comparing yield across four basil (Ocimum basilicum) cultivars grown in the SAEF system to those grown using the traditional nutrient film technique (NFT) and deep water culture (DWC) hydroponic systems. The second experiment objective was to evaluate basil seedling size and the time of transplant to NFT hydroponic systems to determine effects on the final yield. ‘Genovese’ basil seedlings were grown in trays with cell counts of 32, 50, 72, 105, and 162 cells with corresponding root volumes per plant of 98.1, 50.2, 38.5, 19.6, and 16.3 cm3, respectively. Seedlings were transplanted to NFT systems at 14, 21, and 28 days after sowing and were harvested at 35 days. In the first experiment, overall basil shoot fresh and dry weights per plant were intermediate in the SAEF system (90.4 and 8.3 g) compared with the DWC (102.6 and 9.1 g) and NFT (75.8 and 6.6 g) hydroponic systems. In the second experiment, final shoot fresh and dry weight per plant increased as seedling root volume increased from 16.3 cm3 [72.8 and 5.5 g (162-cell tray)] to 98.1 cm3 [148.5 and 12.2 g (32-cell tray)]. Transplanting seedlings at later dates decreased yield across tray size and root volume treatments. Differences in yield between culture systems may have resulted from differences in nutrient supply and availability for plant uptake. Transplant of large seedling plugs to hydroponic culture was not shown to increase space-use efficiency after transplant without compromising yield, likely because root zone factors limited growth during seedling production. Further investigation into maximizing plant growth during seedling production and evaluating the effects of seedling size and transplant practices are needed to determine the potential for increasing space-use and production efficiencies.
The unfolded protein response switches from pro-survival to pro-apoptotic to cap the extent of endoplasmic reticulum expansion

Insufficient folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore homeostasis. Yet, how the UPR achieves and evaluates ER homeostatic readjustment is poorly understood. In a HeLa cell model we show that, upon a severe proteostatic insult that eclipses the ER chaperone BiP, the UPR transitions from acute full-gear activation to chronic submaximal activation, when BiP is in excess again. As such, the UPR-driven ER expansion is pro-survival, primarily via the UPR transducer ATF6α. Simultaneous abrogation of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) leads to chronic full-gear UPR activation and further ER expansion, but the UPR transducers IRE1α and PERK turn pro-apoptotic. Pro-survival XBP1 mRNA processing by IRE1α is then trumped since unspliced XBP1 mRNA is depleted and IRE1α’s endonuclease activity is unleashed against other RNAs. Thus, the IRE1α/XBP1 relay serves as a capacitor of ER expansion that heralds cell death if the expansion is deemed excessive.
Response of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) to Preplant-Applied Hormone-Type Herbicides

In a 3-yr field study on a Bosket silt loam, dicamba (0.3 and 0.6 kg ai ha−1) and 2,4-D amine (0.6, 1.1, and 2.2 kg ae ha−1) were applied at 3, 9, and 16 d before planting cotton. Most treatments applied 3 or 9 d before planting caused cotton injury and yield reduction. Replanting was necessary when 2,4-D at 2.2 kg ha−1 was applied 9 d before planting, and all treatments except dicamba at 0.3 kg ha−1 when applied 3 d before planting.
Client Outreach in Los Angeles County’s Assisted Outpatient Treatment Program: Strategies and Barriers to Engagement

Purpose: Assisted outpatient treatment (AOT) programs can compel treatment-refusing individuals to participate in mental health treatment via civil court order. In California’s AOT programs, individuals first must be offered 30 days of outreach services and can accept services voluntarily. This study examines the use of outreach strategies in an AOT program with the potential for voluntary or involuntary enrollment. Methods: Outreach staff completed a survey in which they reported and rated outreach strategies and barriers to treatment for 487 AOT-referred individuals. Results: Outreach staff reported using a broad array of strategies to persuade and engage clients. Supportive and persuasive strategies were most common. More coercive strategies, including court order, were used when needed. More clients enrolled voluntarily (39.4%) than involuntarily (7.2%). Conclusions: Outreach, coupled with the strategic use of potential court involvement, can lead to voluntary enrollment of treatment-refusing individuals with many, often severe, barriers to engaging in outpatient treatment.
Template‐free synthesis of one‐dimensional cobalt sulfide nanorod array as an attractive architecture for overall water splitting

One‐dimensional (1D) nanoarrays are beneficial for electrochemical reactions, including water splitting, due to their directional electron transport through the array, large effective surface area, and porosity. Fabrication of such array without a template is, however, extremely challenging. Herein, an ion‐exchange approach is employed to fabricate a 1D cobalt sulfide nanorod array (1D‐CoS) from Co3O4 on stainless steel. The 1D‐CoS electrode works as a bifunctional electrocatalyst, attaining the current density of 10 mA cm−2 for hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction at a low overpotential of 159 and 280 mV, respectively in a 1 M KOH solution. A full electrolyzer with the same two 1D‐CoS electrodes assembly demonstrates a low cell voltage of 1.75 V at 10 mA cm−2 and this performance value is well maintained for 20 hours. The efficient catalytic performance can be due to the controlled CoS phase with a unique 1D nanoarchitecture, which allows facile electrolyte diffusion and charge transfer between electrode/electrolyte interface.
Application of molecular markers and genomics for diversity, growth and meat quality in Malaysian cattle

Molecular markers can be used for identification and selection of animals through genotype. To improve beef production and meat quality, investigations are carried out on genes involved in animal growth and related to meat quality. The overall aims were to investigate genetic variation underlying economically important traits in the Malaysian cattle (Bos taurus subspecies indicus) breed Brakmas. Awareness of the value of genetic resources has stimulated the study of the genetic diversity of Brakmas cattle. Specifically, the aims are to measure diversity within Brakmas cattle using microsatellite markers, and to study genes regarding growth and meat quality. The genes investigated were growth hormone (GH), growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factor-I gene (IGFI), pituitary-specific transcription factor 1 (PIT1 or POU1F1), calpain, leptin, thyroglobulin (TG), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1). Molecular techniques were carried out such as PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing, PCR-RFLP and some fluorescent in situ hybridization. Brakmas display a high microsatellite polymorphism but within the range of less intensively bred cattle. Brakmas do not display evidence for a genetic bottleneck, a decrease in genetic diversity, or loss of alleles, and this indicates that the Brakmas herd is rich reservoir of genetic diversity. This is justification for preservation of the breed because of the productivity and adaptation to tropical climates. Sequence polymorphisms were identified in growth-related genes in the Brakmas population, giving potential markers for growth rate and meat quality. Verification of linkage of production traits with the molecular markers has to be established in Brakmas. Knowledge of polymorphisms in livestock is important for the manipulation of meat production. Understanding the function of these genes will lead to the development of new genetic markers. It is hoped that knowledge of polymorphism will provide the basis for future selection to enhance beef production performance and for conservation purposes.
Measuring Discomfort from Glare: Recommendations for Good Practice

ABSTRACT This article presents a review of the methods used for subjective evaluation of discomfort from glare, focusing on the two procedures most frequently used in past research – adjustment and category rating. Evidence is presented to demonstrate that some aspects of these procedures influence the evaluation, such as the range of glare source luminances available in an adjustment procedure, leading to biased evaluations and which hence reduce the reliability and validity of the data. The article offers recommendations for good practice when using these procedures and also suggests alternative methods that might be explored in further work.
What Works for Whom? Investigating Adolescents’ Pro-Environmental Behaviors

Pro-environmental behavior has been extensively studied using general models of predicting behavior; however, these models have very limited value in making inferences about individuals. To address this shortcoming, a person-oriented investigation of five pro-environmental behaviors differing in complexity was carried out using a clustering approach. A total of 863 adolescents (mean age 15.72 (SD = 1.1), 53.5% female) filled in the Big Five Inventory and measures of recycling, water conservation, electricity conservation, sustainable consumption, and sustainable transportation use based on an extended model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). TPB models were investigated in empirically derived clusters of individuals that differ by their personality traits. The results suggest that individuals in different personality clusters could be reached effectively through different means when trying to promote pro-environmental behaviors and different pro-environmental behaviors should not be regarded as homogeneous.
Joint Distribution of the Wave Crest and Its Associated Period for Nonlinear Random Waves of Finite Bandwidth

The theoretical treatment of statistical properties relevant to nonlinear random waves of finite bandwidth, such as the joint distribution of wave crest and its associated wave period, is an overdue task hampered by the complicated form of the analytical model for sea surface elevation. In this study, we first derive the wave crest distribution based on the simplified version of the Longuet-Higgins’ wave model and proceed to derive the joint distribution of the wave crest and its associated period, and the conditional wave period distribution with a given wave crest, which are of great engineering value. It is shown that the bandwidth of the wave spectrum has a significant influence on the crest distribution, and the significant wave crest is getting larger in an increasing manner as nonlinearity is increased as expected. It also turns out that the positive correlation of wave crest height with its associated period is extended to more massive waves as nonlinearity is enhanced contrary to the general perception in the coastal engineering community that the wave crest is a statistically independent random process with wave period over large waves. The peak period decreases due to the destructive interference of second-order free harmonics.
Using Artificial Neural Networks to Find Buy Signals for WTI Crude Oil Call Options

Oil price changes significantly influence proper functioning of the entire world economy, which entails the risk of losses. One of the possible ways to reduce this risk is to use some dedicated risk management tools, such as options contracts. In this paper we investigate the possibility of using multilayer perceptron neural networks to provide signals of long positions to take in the European call options. The experiments conducted on the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil prices (2630 observations coming from 16 June 2009 until 14 February 2020) allowed the selection of the network parameters, such as the activation function or the network error measure, giving the highest return on options contracts. Despite the fact that about 2/3 call options produced losses, the buying signals provided by the network for the test set allowed it to reach a positive return value. This indicates that neural networks can be a useful tool supporting the process of managing the risk of changes in oil prices using option contracts.
Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness towards Benefits of Lavender Oil

Lavender essential oil is one of the famous essential oils which is used in aromatherapy. Lavender oil is known to relieve psychological problems and also helps in treating fungal infections, allergies, insomnia, etc. Lavender oil possesses certain properties like antibacterial, antifungal and antidepressant. Lavender oil is found to be useful in the treatment of acute as well as chronic pain. Thus the aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of the lavender oil among people. A questionnaire comprising 10 questions was posted on an online survey platform. The data collection was done through Google forms and the statistical software used for the analysis included the SPSS software. Descriptive analysis was used. In this study, 69% of the people were aware that lavender oil helps in reducing anxiety and 78% of them believed that lavender oil is good for skin. From this survey, it is evident that the majority of them were aware about uses and medicinal benefits of lavender oil. The present study assessed the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of lavender oil among people, by using a survey on one hundred persons. This survey may help the people to use lavender oil in day to day life and thereby they can improve their mental health and relax themselves. Original Research Article Preethi et al.; JPRI, 32(17): 11-18, 2020; Article no.JPRI. 59722 12
Mapping the Knowledge Base of Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A Bibliometric Literature Review

Supply chain management (SCM) concerns itself with the integration of a firm’s internal management processes with the external environment. This could explain why sustainability has been embraced by scholars who study SCM. This bibliometric review was untaken with the explicit goals of updating and extending prior reviews of research on sustainable SCM (S-SCM). The goals of this research were to document the scope and development of S-SCM research; identify influential journals, authors, and documents; analyze the intellectual structure of this field of sustainability inquiry, and highlight emerging topics on the frontier of S-SCM inquiry. By using bibliometric tools, a relatively large and rapidly growing corpus of peer-reviewed research documents concerned with S-SCM were found. Citation analyses of journals, authors, and documents yielded a surprisingly high level of scholarly content for a literature body of such recent vintage. The author co-citation analysis revealed three coherent but closely connected groups of thought that comprise the intellectual structure of this knowledge base. Finally, the analysis identified a constellation of topics concerned with the integration of internal processes (e.g., decision-making, manufacturing, sensitivity analysis, risk assessment, life-cycle assessment) and the organizational environment (e.g., climate change, gas emissions, carbon emissions, greenhouse gases, energy utilization, climate change). The results of this research concluded that SCM practitioners and scholars may have embraced sustainability more than any other field of management.
Acceptability and feasibility of human papillomavirus vaccination for adolescents in school environments in Libreville

Background: High-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the cause of sexually transmitted viral infection. Its persistence is a risk factor for precancerous lesions of the cervix, which will constitute the base of cervical cancer. In the world, the prevalence of high-risk oncogenic HPV is 66.7%, which is higher among women starting their sexual activity. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in high schools in Gabon regarding parents. The variables selected were the socio-cultural and demographic characteristics of the parents, their knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccination and their acceptability of HPV vaccination and finally the feasibility of HPV vaccination. The statistical test used was Pearson's Chi-square, and a difference was considered significant for p<0.05. Results: The majority of parents, 89%, were informed of the existence of cervical cancer. However, 73.4% of them were unaware of the existence of vaccination against cervical cancer. Only 2.4% of parents had vaccinated their daughters against cervical cancer at the time of the study. These parents only 53.4% expressed an interest in vaccinating their daughters in 53.4% of cases. The ability to vaccinate children is associated with the socio-professional status of parents (p˂0.000). Conclusions: The majority of parents approved school-based vaccination against human papillomavirus infections despite its reported cost and lack of information. The integration of anti-HPV vaccination into the expanded programme on immunization in Gabon will improve immunization coverage.
Full‐Depth Global Estimates of Ocean Mesoscale Eddy Mixing From Observations and Theory

Mixing by mesoscale eddies profoundly impacts climate and ecosystems by redistributing and storing dissolved tracers such as heat and carbon. Eddy mixing is parameterized in most numerical models of the ocean and climate. To reduce known sensitivity to such parameterizations, observational estimates of mixing are needed. However, logistical and technological limitations obstruct our ability to measure global time‐varying mixing rates. Here, we extend mixing length theory with mean‐flow suppression theory, and first surface modes, to estimate mixing from readily available observational‐based climatological data, of salinity, temperature, pressure, and eddy kinetic energy at the sea surface. The resulting full‐depth global maps of eddy mixing can reproduce the few available direct estimates and confirm the importance of mean‐flow suppression of mixing. The results also emphasize the significant effect of eddy surface intensification and its relation to the vertical density stratification. These new insights in mixing dynamics will improve future mesoscale eddy mixing parameterizations.
Severe Infections following Rituximab Treatment in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis

Introduction: Severe infections were not rare in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients treated with rituximab. The current study aimed to evaluate severe infections in AAV patients received rituximab administration in a single Chinese center. Methods: Twenty-seven patients were retrospectively included in this study. Their demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Severe infections were classified as grade ≥3 as proposed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events V.4. 0. Results: Patients were followed up for 23.6 ± 14.0 months from the time of rituximab initiation (mean rituximab dose 1,270.4 mg). Ten severe infection events were recorded in 10 (37.0%) patients, corresponding to an event rate of 20.9 per 100 person-years. Pulmonary infections were the leading infectious complications (90%). Eight of the 10 infections occurred during the first 12 months of follow-up. In multivariable analysis, severe infection in the first year was independently associated with age (HR: 1.121, 95% CI: 1.011–1.243, p = 0.031) and serum creatinine level (increased by per 88.4 μmol/L; HR: 1.493, 95% CI: 1.017–2.191, p = 0.041). Conclusion: In AAV patients receiving rituximab, severe infections were common even with the low-dose regimen. Pulmonary infections were the leading cause, and most infections occurred during the first 12 months of follow-up. Older age and renal dysfunction were the risk factors for infection.
Seed‐enhancement combinations improve germination and handling in two dominant native grass species

The use of native grasses for both restoration and commercial purposes is becoming increasingly important globally. Many native grasses have limited success in seed‐based restoration (e.g. post‐mine rehabilitation) and commercial industries (e.g. agriculture) due to poor seed germination and handling. Seed‐enhancement technologies can assist in overcoming these barriers. This study aimed to use combinations of seed enhancements to overcome the germination and handling challenges in two dominant Australian native grass species with demand in restoration and commercial industries (Triodia wiseana C.A Gardner and Rytidosperma caespitosum [Gaudich.] Connor & Edgar). Selected enhancements included hydropriming (including inoculation with karrikinolide [KAR1]), flash flaming, and seed coating. Combinations of these seed enhancements allowed improvements in both germination (by up to 55% and 18% for T. wiseana and R. caespitosum, respectively) and floret geometry (flowability, as measured through a mechanized seeder, improved by up to 6‐fold and 17‐fold for T. wiseana and R. caespitosum, respectively), with the order of enhancement application being important. The responses of each species to enhancements corresponded with key biological processes and ecological cues required for recruitment events in nature, such as fire and rainfall events. Triodia wiseana germination was driven by fire‐related cues (i.e. KAR1, flaming), while R. caespitosum germination was highest in response to moisture‐related cues (i.e. hydro‐priming). Responses to seed enhancements (and combinations of) may have implications for the management and scaled use of the targeted species. This can assist in improving the restoration and commercial success of the study species, and potentially other grasses with germination and handling challenges, into the future.
Application of Positive Matrix Factorization Receptor Model for Source Identification of PM10 in the City of Sofia, Bulgaria

The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model is used for identification of source contributions to PM10 sampled during the period January 2019–January 2020 in Sofia. More than 200 filters were analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and Ion chromatography for chemical elements and soluble ions. Seasonal patterns of PM10 mass and elements’ concentration are observed with minimum in the summer months and maximum in the cold period. The results from source apportionment (SAP) study showed that the resuspension factor is the main contributor to the total PM10 mass (25%), followed by Biomass burning (BB) (23%), Mixed SO42− (19%), Sec (16%), Traffic (TR) (9%), Industry (IND) (4%), Nitrate rich (4%), and Fuel oil burning (FUEL) (0.4%) in Sofia. There are some similarities in relative contribution of the main factors compared to the years 2012–2013. The differences are in identification of the new factor described as mixed sulphate as well as the decrease of the FUEL factor. The results of comparing SAP with EPA PMF 5.0 and chemical transport models (CTM), given by Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, are presented and discussed for the first time for Bulgaria.