Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inheritance of resistance to leaf freckles and wilt caused by Clavibacter michiganense subsp. nebraskense in early maturing maize inbred lines.

The inheritance of resistance to leaf freckles and wilt was studied in two greenhouse and two field trials of a set of diallel crosses between 10 early maturing maize inbred lines. Inheritance of resistance in six F 2 populations derived from resistant X susceptible and intermediate X susceptible crosses was also studied in the greenhouse and field. General combining ability was much more important than specific combining ability for disease resistance. General combining ability effects were generally consistent between trials, whereas specific combining ability effects were not (.)
Recovery Capacity, Haemodynamic and Blood Lactate Changes during Training and Competition in Elite Congolese Karate Athletes

Background: Rare are the studies which treated the effect of training and successive fights of karate on haemodynamic and blood lactate concentrations responses. Objectives: To evaluate and analyze the aerobic capacity of elite Congolese karate athletes, as well as their haemodynamic and blood lactate concentrations responses changes during Ruffier test and stimulated competition. Methods: Twelve karate athletes (6 seniors and 6 juniors) took part in the study. These karate athletes were selected within the national karate teams (senior and junior) of Congo-Brazzaville. Anthropometric, bioenergetic and haemodynamic (HR, SBP, DBP) parameters and blood lactate [La] concentrations were measured at rest, immediately after the end of Ruffier test and each fight (n = 3). Results: Peak aerobic power (PAP) and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) values averaged 437 ± 23 watts and 57.61 ± 2.2 ml/kg/mn, values varying as function as age division (senior vs junior). The recovery index was 5.4 ± 3.4 for juniors and 6.8 ± 3.2 for seniors. SBP, HR and [La] concentrations increased significantly during fights, compared to the resting values. HRmax was 182.3 ± 1.6 bpm (89% theoretical HRmax) for seniors and 182.0 ± 13.5 bpm (86% theoretical HRmax) for juniors. Peak [La] concentrations were 10.3 ± 1.5 mmol/l for seniors and 10.8 ± 1.2 mmol/l for juniors. Conclusion: Congolese karate athletes call upon high levels of the anaerobic and aerobic capacities. The karate training program in Congo should emphasize more gold improvising lower body anaerobic power and endurance.
Photodegradation of wool keratin: Part I. Vibrational spectroscopic studies

The photodegradation of wool keratin is a very complex process that is not well understood. In this work the techniques of Fourier transform Raman and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopies have been used to study wool samples irradiated in air using a variety of different sources. The spectra obtained from these samples have been compared with those obtained from wool treated with sodium bisulphite, a reagent well known to produce thiol and S-sulfonate groups. As an aid for spectral interpretation the Raman and infrared spectra of cystine and those of the sodium and potassium cysteine-S-sulfonates have also been obtained. The data suggest that there are two different photolytic reaction pathways involving the cystine residues which are dependent on the wavelength of the applied radiation. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mutational Spectrum in the Δ7-Sterol Reductase Gene and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in 84 Patients with Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), an autosomal recessive malformation syndrome, ranges in clinical severity from mild dysmorphism and moderate mental retardation to severe congenital malformation and intrauterine lethality. Mutations in the gene for Δ7-sterol reductase (DHCR7), which catalyzes the final step in cholesterol biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), cause SLOS. We have determined, in 84 patients with clinically and biochemically characterized SLOS (detection rate 96%), the mutational spectrum in the DHCR7 gene. Forty different SLOS mutations, some frequent, were identified. On the basis of mutation type and expression studies in the HEK293-derived cell line tsA-201, we grouped mutations into four classes: nonsense and splice-site mutations resulting in putative null alleles, missense mutations in the transmembrane domains (TM), mutations in the 4th cytoplasmic loop (4L), and mutations in the C-terminal ER domain (CT). All but one of the tested missense mutations reduced protein stability. Concentrations of the cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol and clinical severity scores correlated with mutation classes. The mildest clinical phenotypes were associated with TM and CT mutations, and the most severe types were associated with 0 and 4L mutations. Most homozygotes for null alleles had severe SLOS; one patient had a moderate phenotype. Homozygosity for 0 mutations in DHCR7 appears compatible with life, suggesting that cholesterol may be synthesized in the absence of this enzyme or that exogenous sources of cholesterol can be used.
The influence of age, sex, weight and relationship upon the number of medullated nerve fibers and on the size of the largest fibers in the ventral root of the second cervical nerve of the albino rat

So much has been published regarding the growth of the medullated nerve fiber that an explanatory word may be permissible on offering a paper which duplicates in many particulars the findings of other investigators. The collection of the data presented here was suggested in 1903 by an examination of the control, or normal, material used by Dr. S. W. Ranson for his study of the spinal ganglion. Of the sectioned material, that for five rats of the thirty-one here reported was generously furnished by Dr. Ranson. In examining that material the salient feature was, to me, the increase in size of the medullated nerve fibers in the older rats, and it seemed desirable to ascertain if possible what conditions other than age might influence the size of these fibers. This point seems to have attracted other interest, since in 1906 Dr. Boughton published important data regarding the increase in size with age and weight of the medullated nerve fibers of the oculo-motor nerve in the albino rat and in the cat from a mixed series of males and females. While the chief point of my inquiry was so admirably elucidated by Dr. Boughton’s paper, there seemed to be place for the more extended study with defined categories which I had undertaken. Inquiry was made before continuing the work as to the existence
Monetary System Development and Income Distribution in Nigeria

This study evaluates the efficacy of the monetary system via its operations and policies at reducing the level of income inequality in Nigeria over the period of 1981 to 2017. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag model estimation and the Generalized Method of Moments in light of the varying order of stationarity and nature of employed variables. The study identifies the absence of the Kuznet’s U-shape trend in the Nigerian Gini coefficient and it is observed that only Credit mobilization ratio, Accessibility index and monetary policy implementation index (POX) have significant moment effect on the income distribution. While the level of credit mobilized widen the inequality gap, accessibility of financial institutions and policy implemented can be seen to be reducing the widening inequality Gap in the country. It is recommended in light of the findings that; Credit mobilization should be closely monitored to prevent insider abuse by fund custodians and administrators that might allocate credit based on nepotism. A reasonable proportion of credit should be mobilized to the low-income earners and rural dwellers. Financial Depth should be curtailed through the promotion of the cash-lite policy. This would reduce the possibility of illicit movement of funds and money laundering. It would also help in creating a more inclusive environment and accessibility to financial institutions should be further promoted for those at the grass-root level through the deployment of micro-credits and services. Keywords : Monetary system development, financial development, income distribution, income inequality. DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-8-17 Publication date: April 30 th 2020
Vegetation Production Responses to October Grazing in the Nebraska Sandhills

Abstract Understanding the long-term effect of summer grazing date and fall stocking rate on herbage production is critical to extending the grazing season in the Nebraska Sandhills. A study was conducted from 1997 to 2002 at the Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory located near Whitman, Nebraska, to determine the herbage production response to summer grazing date and October stocking rate on two different sites. Site 1 was dominated by warm-season grasses and site 2 was dominated by cool-season graminoids. At each site, three 0.37-ha pastures were constructed in each of four blocks before application of summer grazing treatments. Pastures in each block were grazed at 0.5 animal-unit months (AUM) · ha−1 in June or July, or were deferred from summer grazing. Following summer grazing treatments, October stocking rate treatments (no grazing or 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 AUM · ha−1) were applied to subunits of each summer grazing date pasture during mid-October. Vegetation was sampled in each pasture in mid-June and mid-August and sorted by functional group to determine the effect of 5 yr of grazing treatments on herbage production and residual herbage. Herbage production was not affected by summer or October grazing treatments on the warm-season grass–dominated site. Increasing October stocking rate, however, reduced cool-season graminoid production and subsequent herbage production 25% by year 5 of the study. Residual herbage at both sites at the end of the October grazing periods explained as much as 16% to 34% of subsequent year's herbage production. Grazing managers in the Nebraska Sandhills can extend the grazing season by lightly stocking pastures in the summer to facilitate additional fall grazing. Heavy stocking in October over several years on cool-season–, but not warm-season–, dominated sites will reduce production of cool-season graminoids on these sites.
Effects of Stocking Density and Cage Size on Growth, Feed Conversion, and Production of Rainbow Trout and Channel Catfish

Abstract Cages of 3.82 and 5.35 m³ were used in raising rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in 24-ha Crystal Lake, Arkansas. Cages were stocked with 23.4-cm trout at densities of 183, 301, and 524/m³. Neither growth nor feed conversion were affected by cage size, but both were significantly better at stocking densities of 183 and 301/m³ than at 523/m³. Rainbow trout can be successfully raised in cages at initial stocking weights of up to 45 kg/m³. For channel catfish culture, cages were stocked with 14.8-cm fish at densities of 144, 235, and 366/m³. Apparently neither growth nor feed conversion were affected by either cage size or stocking density.
Crustecdysone Mediated Changes in Crayfish

Molting in crayfish, essential for growth is preceded by a decrease in total organic content during premolt. Mineral, as calcium, is conserved in gastroliths after mobilization from the exoskeleton. Crustecdysone treatment results in gastrolith formation by intact crayfish in intermolt, state C, but does not influence the rate of gastrolith formation in eyestalkless animals. Moreover, the rate of gastrolith formation is not increased at higher hormone doses; conversely, less dense, abnormal gastrohths result, while apolysis is evident by 48 to 60 hours after treatment. It appears that crustecdysone promotes reabsorption of the organic matrix since treatment with this hormone does not lead to a measureable decrease in calcium content of shell based on dry weight. Premolt crayfish normally have a higher amino acid pool in all tissues than do those in intermolt, and eyestalk removal from intermolt crayfish results in an increase in the free-amino acid level of all tissues by 24 hours; crustecdysone treatment results in a significant increase in muscle amino acids by 12 hours after a hormone dose of 5 μg/g body weight. In the context of integumentary growth and protein synthesis low doses of crustecdysone (1 μg/g) increase the in vivo incorporation of amino acid into hypodermis, but not hepatopancreas, by 24 hours, and the increase is significant by 36 hours; a higher dose (5 μg) does not change this rate of incorporation. Selective increase in hypodermis protein is not evident in acid phosphatase levels from 12 to 48 hours, but respiration of this tissue is significantly elevated within two hours after hormone injection.
How American Media Affects Perceived Racism in Canada

This study aims to identify how perceptions of racism in Canada are influenced by the consumption of American media. The current study hypothesized that: 1) individuals exposed to an American news story regarding racial discrimination (Group 1) would have a more favourable evaluation of Canada than those who were not exposed to the story (Group 2); 2) that participants who were people of colour (PoC) would have no significant differences in scores between the two groups, and; 3) that Canadians would overall rate Canada more favourably than America, but that this difference would be more pronounced in Group 1. Seventy-two (72) participants contributed data by completing one of two versions of a questionnaire, which had questions regarding satisfaction of one’s life in Canada, perceived ethnic diversity or acceptance in Canada, perceived racism in Canada, and a comparison between Canada and the USA. One version opened with a short vignette describing an example of racism that had recently occurred in America (Group 1; 47 questions), while the other version did not (Group 2; 46 questions). A 2x2x2 analysis of the data revealed that PoC and those with a different national affiliation exhibited lower scores of perceived diversity in Group 1 than Group 2. Caucasian participants evaluated Canada more favourably than America in Group 1, whereas PoC rated Canada better in Group 2. Limitations of this study included sample size, diversity of the sample, reliability of the scales, and self-selection/self-report biases. Future research should aim to rectify these limitations and further explore the significant differences present in this study.
Acaricide resistance in the cattle tick, Amblyomma variegatum, in the coastal savanna zone of Ghana

Field strains of the cattle tick, Amblyomma variegatum, collected from 10 herds scattered in the western part of the coastal savanna zone of Ghana, were tested for resistance to acaricides, according to the FAO Acaricide Test kit. Discriminating doses were obtained from tests with a reference susceptible strain of Boophilus microplus. The LC50 values, where possible, were derived from fitted lines for graphs of mortality rates versus acaricide concentration for the various herds. Tick larvae from all the herds were completely susceptible to cypermethrin (0.025, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, and 0.80 %) and flumethrin (0.003, 0.006, 0.012, 0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, 0.25, and 0.50 %). However, eight herds had significant proportions of tick larvae showing resistance to diazinon at 0.2 per cent concentration, while three herds showed resistance to 0.2 per cent dieldrin. At the discriminating dose of 0. 2 per cent coumaphos, none of the ticks from the herds tested showed resistance. The results indicate possible resistance of field strains of A. variegatum to organophosphates, toxaphene, and/or lindane. The implications of this finding are important, if tick control measures should be effective in the coastal savanna zone of Ghana. Ghana Jnl agric Sci. Vol.32(2) 1999: 199-204
A view into managers’ subjective experiences of public service motivation and work engagement: a qualitative study

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the underlying factors which may foster or attenuate public managers’ public service motivation (PSM) and on the processes through which it affects their work engagement. A qualitative analysis of interviews with senior staffers in public-service organizations revealed multilayered subjective experiences of PSM and work engagement. The findings which emerged from the interviews suggest five factors behind PSM: The nature of task; Reaching beyond the self; Career development opportunities; The burden of red tape, and; Identification with the beneficiaries. Growing from these, analysis further suggests that PSM fosters emotional engagement and engagement in micro-community and in macro-community.
Impact of Sever Plasmodium falciparum infection on Platelets Parameters among Sudanese children Living in Al-Jazira State

Background: Falciparum malaria remains one of the most global infection among children particularly in communities with poor resources. Falciparum malaria associated with several hematological changes that affect the major blood cell lines such as platelets lead to platelets parameters (platelets count and indices) abnormalities. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of falciparum malaria on platelets parameters (platelets count and indices) among Sudanese children. In addition to study relationships and correlation between platelets parameters and malaria parasitemia and parasite count. Materials and Methods: A case control study was conducted in Wad Medani Pediatric Hospital in collaboration with Faculty of Medical laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Sudan among 100 children with severe falciparum malaria (mean age 8.63 ± 3.40 years; 61% males), 100 children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (mean age 8.83 ± 4.20 years; 45% males) and 100 children with normal healthy children controls (mean age 10.08 ± 3.58 years; 50% males). Parasitemia and parasite count (%) was determined directly from thick and thin blood films respectively. The platelets parameters (platelets count and indices) measured by using Sysmex XP 300 N automated analyzer, and platelets count was confirmed and assessed using stained thin blood film. SPSS software (V 20.0) and Stat disk software (V 13.0) were used for data analysis. Results: 72 % of severe falciparum malaria (SM) have hyperparasitemia, while 18 % among uncomplicated falciparum malaria (UM). The thrombocytopenia account for 43 % (SM: 30.5 %; UM: 12.5 %), low PCT account for 35.5 % (SM: 27 %; UM: 8.5 %) and high PDW account for 46.5 % (SM: 23.5 %; UM: 23 %) in falciparum malaria cases. The mean PLTs count and PDW were statistically significantly differences between falciparum malaria cases and normal healthy control (P value 0.000 and 0.008 respectively). The mean PLTs count and PCT in severe falciparum malaria cases were lower than uncomplicated falciparum malaria cases (P value 0.005 and 0.000 respectively). The PLTs count and PCT had significant negative correlation within malaria parasitemia (P value 0.000; r -0.286; P value 0.004; r -0.205 respectively) and malaria parasite count (P value 0.000; r -0.450; P value 0.000; r -0.270 respectively). Conclusion: The study concluded that thrombocytopenia, low PCT and high PDW were observed as most platelets parameters changes in falciparum malaria. PLTs count along with PCT to be recommended as hematological diagnostic markers and prognostic tool to assess the disease severity and to improve the management of falciparum malaria among patients.
Properties and available micronutrient status of some soils derived from Abeokuta formation in Nigeria

Available iron, zinc, copper and manganese were determined in six pedons located in upper slope, middle slope and valley bottom soils derived from Abeokuta geological materials in Nigeria. The soils had an average of 639.8 g kg−1 sand, 241.8 g kg−1 clay and 118.4 g kg−1 silt. The fertility status of the soils was low–medium with a strongly acid–neutral reaction, 1.3–15.1 g kg−1 organic carbon contents, moderate–high exchangeable bases and 1.38 mg kg−1 available phosphorus. Both Fe (122.50 mg kg−1) and Mn (111.40 mg kg−1) occurred at toxic levels, whereas the mean Cu (1.27 mg kg−1) and Zn (2.56 mg kg−1) contents were found to be adequate for most crops grown in the region. There were significant positive correlations among the micronutrients and also between soil pH, organic carbon, particle size fractions and micronutrients. The high levels of Fe and Mn were probably due to the presence of oolitic ironstone in the parent material.
Stress generation theory in couples with depression: A latent profile analysis

Depressive symptoms and conflict negatively affect romantic relationships, but does this differ among couples? Using a stress generation theory framework, we aim to understand the types of profiles based on both partners’ responses of depressive symptoms and conflict. We used data from 1,598 German couples (different-sex) and conducted latent profile analyses in order to examine if there are different profiles of couples related to the male and female partners’ depressive symptoms and levels of conflict. We then examined if these profiles predicted relationship instability 1 year later. Our results revealed four profiles: congruent low conflict, incongruent female moderate conflict, incongruent male moderate conflict, and congruent moderate conflict. Both males and females in the congruent low and moderate conflict profiles showed agreement in their level of depressive symptoms and conflict, hence congruent. However, males and females differed in their levels of depressive symptoms and conflict in two incongruent profiles. For example, females in the incongruent female moderate conflict profile had higher levels of depressive symptoms and conflict than their partners. Prior depressive symptoms and conflict increased the odds of being in the incongruent female moderate conflict, incongruent male moderate conflict, and congruent moderate conflict profiles compared to the congruent low conflict profile. The congruent moderate conflict profile had the highest probability of relationship instability 1 year later. This study adds to our knowledge about the different profiles of couples with depressive symptoms and conflict as well as relationship instability.