Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Folsom Stone Tool Distribution at the Mountaineer Block C Dwelling: Indoor and Outdoor Spaces as Activity Areas

Spatial analysis of the Mountaineer Block C Folsom tool assemblage is presented to investigate how a dwelling structure may have influenced where prehistoric people decided to work. Although no statistically significant difference in the toolkits from inside and outside contexts was found, patterns of significance were detected among individual tool types, particularly scrapers and projectile points. These tool types were apparently utilized more often in certain locations. We offer comparisons from the ethnographic and ethnohistoric records of modern hunter–gatherer behavior at campsites, and suggest significant differences in tool distribution occurred when activities were dictated by amount of space required and when processing byproducts would have contaminated indoor spaces. An overall lack of difference in indoor/outdoor tool assemblages supports the idea that dwellings did not necessarily determine use of space by prehistoric peoples, and activities and sets of activities were carried out in both indoor and outdoor spaces.
Southern Great Plains Ice Nuclei Characterization Experiment Final Campaign Summary

The first ever ice nucleating particle (INP) measurements to be collected at the Southern Great Plains site were made during a period from late April to June 2014, as a trial for possible longer-term measurements at the site. These measurements will also be used to lay the foundation for understanding and parameterizing (for cloud resolving modeling) the sources of these climatically important aerosols as well as to augment the existing database containing this knowledge. Siting the measurements during the spring was intended to capture INP sources in or to this region from plant, soil, dust transported over long distances, biomass burning, and pollution aerosols at a time when they may influence warm-season convective clouds and precipitation. Data have been archived of real-time measurements of INP number concentrations as a function of processing conditions (temperature and relative humidity) during 18 days of sampling that spanned two distinctly different weather situations: a warm, dry and windy period with regional dust and biomass burning influences in early May, and a cooler period of frequent precipitation during early June. Precipitation delayed winter wheat harvesting, preventing intended sampling during that perturbation on atmospheric aerosols. INP concentrations were highest and most variable at all temperatures in more » the dry period, where we attribute the INP activity primarily to soil dust emissions. Additional offline INP analyses are underway to extend the characterization of INP to cover the entire mixed phase cloud regime from -5°C to -35°C during the full study. Initial comparisons between methods on four days show good agreement and excellent future promise. The additional offline immersion freezing data will be archived as soon as completed under separate funding. Analyses of additional specialized studies for specific attribution of INP to biological and smoke sources are continuing via the National Science Foundation and National Aeronautics and Space Administration funding that helped support instrumentation used for the measurements described herein. Aerosol Observing System aerosol data will be vital to the interpretation and parameterization of results as part of analyses for publications in preparation. « less
Antibacterial Activity of Streptococcus mutans from Saga Herbaceous Plant (Abrus precatorius): In Silico Study

Antibacterial is a substance that can inhibit growth or can even kill bacteria that cause infection. One of them is infection with Streptococcus mutans bacteria that cause damage to teeth, such as dental caries. Dental caries is a disease that affects many adults and children, permanently damaging the tooth layer and forming small holes in the teeth. The purpose of this study was to find active compounds from the herb Saga plant (Abrus precatorius), which has the potential to be antibacterial of S. mutans in silico. The methods used are pharmacokinetics and toxicity screening, Lipinski's Rule of Five, as well as simulations of molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The Abruquinone D (-6.43) and Abruquinone F (-7.08) were predicted to have stable interactions and be similar to amoxicillin (-7.69) and native ligand (-8.56 kcal/mol) based on the results of screening and molecular docking simulations of active compounds from Saga herbaceous (Abrus precatorius) against deoxycytidylate deaminase receptors. Molecular dynamics findings confirmed by MMGBSA methods that Abruquinone D (-41.3876 kcal/mol) had a lower energy value than Abruquinone F (-24.8521 kcal/mol). It can be inferred that Abruquinone D has a higher potential as an antibiotic (S. mutans) than Abruquinone F.
COĞRAFYA ÖĞRETİMİNDE ZÜMRELER ARASI İŞBİRLİĞİNİN ÖNEMİ VE ORTAK KONULARIN ANALİZİ - The İmportance of Cooperation Among Group Teachers and the Analysis of Common Topics in Geography Teaching

Bu calismada, lise cografya programinda yer alan konular ile diger branslardaki ortak konular incelenerek zumreler arasi isbirliginin onemi ortaya konmaya calisilmistir. Bu baglamda Giresun sehrindeki liselerde gorev yapan 37 cografya ogretmeni ile mulakat yapilmistir. Arastirmaya katilan ogretmenlere sorular yoneltilmis ve alinan cevaplarin degerlendirilmesi sonucunda, Cografya derslerinde yer alan konularin hangilerinde diger branslarla isbirligi yapilabilecegi ve ogretmenlerin zumre isbirligine yonelik yaklasimlari belirlenmistir. Elde edilen verilerin analizleri nitel yontemler kullanilarak gerceklestirilmistir. Ulasilan sonuclara bagli olarak cozum onerilerine de yer verilmistir. Zumreler arasi isbirligini formalite olmaktan cikarmak, zumre toplantilarinin etkinligini ve onemini artirmak, ortak konularin islenmesinde diger zumre ogretmenleriyle yapilacak ornek calismalari ortaya koymak, ve cografi gezilerde zumre isbirliginin yapilmasi baslica cozum onerileridir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cografya egitimi, Zumreler arasi isbirligi, Ortak konular. ABSTRACT In this study, it was tried to reveal the importance of cooperation among group teachers by examining the topics in high school geography curriculum and the common topics in other branches. In this context, 37 geography teachers working in secondary schools in Giresun were interviewed. The teachers participated in the study were asked questions, and as a result of the evaluation of the responses, the subjects that co-operation with other branches could be realized and the attitudes of the teachers towards co-operation were determined. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative methods. Depending on the results, some solutions were suggested. These suggestions were that the cooperation among group teachers must be informal, the efficiency and the importance of the group teachers meetings must be improved, sample studies that would be conducted with the teachers of other branches must be showed in teaching common topics and the group teachers must be cooperate in geographical trips. Key Words: Geography education , Cooperation among group teachers , Common topics.
The effectiveness of polymers and additives on reducing suspended sediment

ABSTRACT: Nonpoint source pollution, particularly suspended sediment, is a major threat to water quality. One effective new water clarification technology for the removal of suspended sediment from stormwater is the application of sediment-flocculating polymers in waterways or sedimentation ponds. Due to temporal variations in stormwater flows and sediment loads, effective polymer application rates are difficult to determine. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of different types, forms and concentrations of polymers, and mixing speeds on removal of suspended sediment. In addition, calcium, aluminum and citric acid were evaluated to determine their ability to increase the efficacy of polymers to remove suspended sediment. Four polymers (Magnafloc LT27, SoilNet 926, SoilNet 934, and SoilNet 945) were studied with a silt loam soil. Solution forms of polymers were highly effective immediately after application with more than 95 percent suspended sediment reduction regardless of mixing speed. However, granular forms of polymers were effective in reducing suspended sediment by 95 percent or more only at mixing speeds ≥130 rpm. The effectiveness of the polymers to reduce suspended sediment was related to sediment load and polymer concentration. At sediment concentrations ≥10000 ppm, polymer concentration of 1 ppm reduced suspended sediment more than 90 percent after 2 minutes of settling and more than 95 percent after 5 minutes of settling. At low sediment concentrations (2000 ppm), greater polymer concentrations (5 and 10 ppm) decreased the efficiency of the polymers significantly. At the same low sediment concentration, polymer:citric acid:AlCl(OH)5 and polymer:Ca:AlCl(OH)5 at ratios of 1:1:1 increased the polymer efficiency from 62 percent to 85 percent while maintaining the solution pH above 8 and close to the initial pH.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences Toxicological Evaluation of Subchronic Use of Pioglitazone in Mice

Original article Objective(s): Pioglitazone (Actos) is one of the most controversial recent oral antidiabetic drugs. It was originally authorized in the European Union in 2000, and approved as an oral monotherapy for overweight second type of diabetic patients in 2002. It belongs to the thiazolidinedione group which some of its members have been withdrawn from the market due to the hepatotoxicity or cardiotoxicity effects. This study investigates sub-chronic use of pioglitazone induced toxicity in mice by the assessment of renal and liver function tests, cardiac enzymes, and some hematological indices with histological changes of liver, kidney, heart, and bladder. Materials and Methods: 120 albino mice were divided into four groups; 30 in each. The first group (control) received water, second (diabetic) group received alloxan only, while the third and the fourth groups received alloxan with 200 and 400 mg/kg/day of pioglitazone, respectively for 90 days. Results: Prolonged use of pioglitazone induced significant abnormalities of hepatic, renal, and cardiac biomarkers and some hematological indices associated with histopathological changes in the liver, kidney, heart, and bladder that increased based on administered dose.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences Movento Influences Development of Granulosa Cells and Ovarian Follicles and Foxo1 and Vnn1 Gene Expression in Balb/c Mice

Original article Objective(s): Pesticides has wide range of infertility in female reproductive. This study was done to evaluate the effect of movento pesticide on development of granulosa cells and ovarian follicles and FoxO1 and Vnn1 gene expression in BALB/c mice. Materials and Methods: In this study 40 healthy BALB/c mice 5-6 weeks age were used. Animals were randomly allocated into four groups. Control (without any intervention), three experimental groups received 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg movento dissolved in PBS by gavage for 21 days. Animals scarified after three weeks. For determining the effects of movento on granulosa cells in culture, treatments were conducted to movento (125, 250, 500 μg/ml) for 24 hr. We surveyed the expression of the FoxO1 and Vnn1 in granulosa cells in vitro, and its relation to cell death by flowcytometer and DAPI. Levels of FoxO1 and Vnn1 were analyzed by real-time PCR. Results: Exposure to movento significantly decreased ovarian weight and the number of primary, secondary and antral follicles. Further, treatment with different concentration of movento induced apoptosis on granulosa cells. Gene expression analysis showed the transcriptional expression of FoxO1 and vnn1 in granulosa cells. Level of Vnn1 mRNA in granulosa cells was decreased in granulosa cells and expression of FoxO1 significantly increased in treated groups in compare to controls (P-value <0.05). Conclusion: Exposure to movento significantly reduced the number of follicles and increased apoptosis of granulosa cells leading disruption of the reproductive system. Also movento reduced expression of Vnn1 and increased FoxO1 genes in a dose dependent manner. influences development of granulosa cells and ovarian follicles and FoxO1 and Vnn1 gene expression in BALB/c mice.
LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF PROCESS-BASED MODELS IN ESTUARIES

This paper presents a 110 year morphodynamic hindcast for the Western Scheldt using a process-based mo del. The time period of 1860-1970 is simulated starting with the 1860 bathymetry. It is shown that the model ca n reproduce most major morphological changes in the estuary. A Brier-skill score of 0.48 is obtained at the end of the simulation, which means that the model has significant skill. D espite general concerns on the value of process-bas ed models reproducing long-term morphological changes, it is concluded that this model captures important long-t erm morphological changes in the Western Scheldt.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is an early predictor for testosterone deficiency in aging men without metabolic syndrome

Background and aims Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has emerged as a valuable marker for identifying individuals at increased risk of metabolic dysfunction, liver-related complications, and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between MAFLD and testosterone deficiency (TD) in aging men remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between MAFLD and the risk of TD in aging Taiwanese men, with a specific focus on those without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods A free health screening program was conducted for Taiwanese men aged over 40 years in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Participants underwent physical examinations, completed questionnaires regarding demographics, medical history, and clinical symptoms of TD, and provided 20-mL whole blood samples for biochemical, adipocytokine, and hormonal evaluations. Fatty liver index was used to evaluate the risk of fatty liver. Diagnostic criteria for MAFLD included fatty liver along with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes, or evidence of metabolic dysregulation. Results A total of 631 men (mean age: 54.4 ± 8.4 years) were enrolled. The prevalence rates of TD and MetS were significantly higher in men with MAFLD compared to those without (both p < 0.001). Additionally, the presence of MAFLD showed a significant correlation with adipocytokines associated with insulin resistance, such as adiponectin, leptin, and retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) levels (all p < 0.001). Among men without MetS, those with MAFLD had a 3.89- and 4.74-fold higher risk of total testosterone < 300 ng/dL and TD, respectively, after adjusting for potential covariates. Conclusion MAFLD is associated with an elevated risk of TD in aging Taiwanese men, particularly in the absence of MetS. This finding suggests that MAFLD could serve as an early predictor of TD, facilitating the identification of high-risk individuals and enabling timely interventions. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms linking MAFLD, TD, and MetS in diverse populations.
Variability of Oil Content in Fruit of Olive Variety Žutica on Montenegrin Coast

Žutica, the major variety on Montenegrin Coast, belongs to the gro­­up of olive varieties for oil production, with oil content in average above 21%. During the research of the properties of Žutica variety, the existence of variability in the oil content was recorded. In order to determine the degree of the variability of oil content within this variety, the fruits of 42 accessions were analyzed. The results confirmed high content of oil as well as the existence of variability of this parameter between the studied accessions. Twenty two accessions had the content of oil of over 20%, while 13 accessions had the oil content greater than 22% in fresh matter. The highest oil content was in fruit of VAL2 (24.3%) and in dry matter in DUB (63.77%). The results suggest Žutica accessions (clones) with higher oil content promising for spread in the new plantations.
Landslides identification based on polarimetric decomposition techniques using Radarsat-2 polarimetric images

In this article, a method for landslides identification based on polarimetric decomposition techniques and the Wishart classifier is presented. Several parameters of Cloude decomposition and Freeman–Durden decomposition are introduced to analyse the radar scattering mechanisms over landslides and their surroundings. By analysing the polarimetric characteristics of three typical landslides triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, the result demonstrates that the dominant scattering mechanism of the landslides is the surface scattering component, and the scattering entropy is centred between 0.6 and 0.8. Besides, the result also indicates that the surroundings show the dominance of the volume scattering component, whereas their scattering entropy is almost similar to the landslides. According to the experimental analysis, two temporal SAR images are classified into nine categories, respectively, based on polarimetric decomposition techniques and the Wishart classifier. By comparing the surface scattering areas in the second image with the volume scattering areas in the first image, and combining the scattering entropy, the new slope failures are obtained using the change detection method. In addition, in order to reduce the errors introduced by the registration and noises, the identification map of new landslides is processed by the morphology algorithm. Finally, a field experiment is carried out to verify the existence of the new slope failures and thereby the result shows the validity of the proposed method.
World Journal of Gastroenterology

BACKGROUND Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a common plasticizer known to cause liver injury. Green tea is reported to exert therapeutic effects on heavy metal exposure-induced organ damage. However, limited studies have examined the therapeutic effects of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) on DEHP-induced liver damage. AIM To evaluate the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of GTPs on DEHP-induced liver damage.
Phytoremediation and metal speciation in highway soils

ii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iii LIST OF TABLES.viii LIST OF FIGURES.x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.xiv STATEMENT OF COAUTHORSHIP . xv
World Journal of Gastroenterology

BACKGROUND Restoration of immune homeostasis by targeting the balance between memory T helper (mTh) cells and memory follicular T helper (mTfh) cells is a potential therapeutic strategy against ulcerative colitis (UC). Because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, curcumin (Cur) is a promising drug for UC treatment. However, fewer studies have demonstrated whether Cur can modulate the mTh/mTfh subset balance in mice with colitis.
Modelling of shattered pellet injection experiments on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

A disruption mitigation system (DMS) is necessary for fusion-grade tokamaks like ITER in order to ensure the preservation of machine components throughout their designated operational lifespan. To address the intense heat and electromagnetic loads that occur during a disruption, a shattered pellet injection (SPI) system will be employed. The penetration and assimilation (ionized material that stays inside the plasma volume) of the injected material is influenced by various SPI parameters, including the fragment sizes, speeds, and composition of the shattered fragments. An SPI system was installed on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak to study the effect of the aforementioned parameters. In this thesis, 1.5D simulations with the INDEX code have been utilised to conduct parametric scans, thus examining the influence of fragment sizes, velocities, and pellet composition on the efficacy of disruption mitigation. When injecting only deuterium, I found material assimilation to be limited to the edge of the plasma with larger and faster fragments leading to higher assimilation. For mixed deuterium/neon injections, again, larger and faster fragments enabled higher assimilation. The amount of assimilated neon increased with increasing injected neon amounts but saturated for larger neon fraction pellets. I also carried out comparisons with previous experimental results of penetration, material assimilation and pre-TQ duration. Previous experimental results for pure deuterium injections indicated that larger and faster fragments exhibit greater penetration, aligning with findings from the simulations. Simulated material assimilation trends for pure deuterium injections were also found to be qualitatively similar to the experiments. Nonetheless, a major difference in the quantitative assimilation values was identified, likely associated with the experimental assimilation criterion.
OpenTab: imagining an open, mobile future for first year business students

The OpenTab project investigated an open educational (OE) approach to developing course materials using tablet devices (iPads) to access Open Educational Resources (OERs). It explored the implications of applying an open approach to the development of materials for use in the faculty’s new common first year core (CFYC) subjects. Conducted in parallel with a trial roll out of tablet devices in a core subject in the School of Business, the project revealed a range of issues that the project team intends to address as it continues to develop a model workflow for other subjects in the university.
Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: clinical and demographic features, clinical history and survival

Background and objective. Recently the term “interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features” (IPAF) has been proposed to identify patients with interstitial lung disease and autoimmune characteristics, not fulfilling the criteria for specific connective tissue diseases (CTD). Only few data are available about the clinical and serological features of IPAF patients, their survival and the possible evolution in a CTD. The aims of the study were to investigate the demographic and clinico-serologic features of patients with IPAF, their relationship to survival, and the possible evolution in a definite CTD. Patients and methods. Fifty-two patients were consecutively enrolled and prospectively followed for 45±31.6 months. Data about disease onset, serological, clinical and therapeutic features, pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography were periodically repeated. The survival of patients with IPAF was compared with that of 104 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Results. The clinical domain for IPAF was satisfied in 44 patients, serological domain in