Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complement theorems beyond the trivial range

By a well known theorem of Chapman [2], if X and Y are Z-sets in the Hilbert cube Q, then X and Y have the same shape (abbreviated Sh (X)= Sh (Y)) if and only if Q X is homeomorphic with Q Y. In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in finite-dimensional analogues of this result, the principal aim being to find conditions on compacta X, Y E" such that Sh (X) Sh (Y) if and only if E" X E" Y. Thus far all results along this line have required either that the dimensions or fundamental dimensions of X and Y lie at most in the trivial (In/Z] 1) range with respect to n [3], [7], [8], [11], [17], [20] or that Sh (X) and Sh (Y) have particularly nice representatives, such as spheres, manifolds, or finite complexes [4], [11], [12], [13], [15], [21]. It is our purpose to present here a theorem in (fundamental) codimension four. We are able to go beneath the trivial range in ambient dimension by assuming appropriate connectivity conditions on the embedded compacta; these conditions allow us to replace general position arguments which suffice in the trivial range by ones using engulfing. Our main result is as follows.
In Vivo Anti-Malarial Activity of the Aqueous Root Extract of Euclea divinorum Hiern (Ebenaceae) against Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Background Drug resistance is a universal challenge to malaria control measures. As a result, the development and discovery of new chemotherapeutic agents from medicinal plants having anti-malarial traditional claims are very important. This work, therefore, attempted to evaluate the anti-malarial activity of the aqueous root extract of E. divinorum using a rodent model of malaria. Methods The roots of E. divinorum were extracted by hot decoction using distilled water. Anti-malarial activity of various doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg) of the root aqueous extract was evaluated using the 4-day suppressive test as well as curative and repository tests. Parasitemia, rectal temperature, body weight, PCV, and MST were also determined. Results The finding showed that there were a dose-related significant parasitemia chemo-suppression and increment in survival time as compared to the negative control (p < 0.001) in all tests. The chemo-suppression effect was higher at 400 mg/kg extract-treated groups in the 4-day suppressive test followed by the curative test. The lowest chemo-prophylaxis effect was observed in 100 mg/kg extract-treated groups in the repository test. Regarding the other parameters, the extract prevented weight loss, temperature drop, and hemolysis in all models but not in a consistent manner. Conclusion The current study showed that the aqueous root extract of E. divinorum possessed a varying degree of anti-malarial activity in all three tests, with greater parasitemia suppression observed in the 4-day suppressive test. The extract produced higher parasitemia chemo-suppression and longer survival time in early infections followed by established and then residual infection.
Connecting QuantCrit to Gifted Education Research: An Introduction

This methodological brief introduces researchers to QuantCrit, a set of tenets complementary to critical race theory, to specifically reexamine how race and racism are analyzed through quantitative methodologies. We outline the tenets of QuantCrit, review recent quantitative research in gifted education for examples aligned with QuantCrit tenets, and provide recommendations for researchers.
A Review of Using Natural Gas in Internal Combustion Engines

Due to its increasing emissions from combustion of fuels in the internal combustion engines and increasing world concern on global warming problem. It’s a significant issue to use alternative fuels that would be safe for people and the environment. In this article, the previous research's concern on using natural gas is discussed. This research presents the precious studies on the benefits of using natural gas fuel in spark ignition, diesel, and agricultural engines. In addition to modeling focusing on engine parts loads to identify fuel-burning influence. Also presents a former discipline on using hydrogen enrichment to improve fuel efficiency and shows characteristics of using dual fuel in internal combustion engines. The difference between lean combustion and exhaust gas recirculation strategies and produces a comparison between natural gas/methanol and natural gas/gasoline in a dual-fuel engine are reviewed. In addition the comparative study between gasoline and natural gas with a direct injection strategy is presented. Also, this article focus on using natural gas as a fuel with reactive controlled compression ignition (RCCI). It can concluded that using the natural gas fuel is one of the perfect solutions to reduce hydrocarbons emissions and increase the thermal efficiency of fuel combustion and reduce the cost of energy production.
Utilization of HCV Viremic Kidneys with Genotyping/Subtyping-Free Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir Treatment Strategy: Experience from China

Background Owing to the advent of pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, utilization of HCV-infected deceased donor kidneys with simplified genotyping/subtyping-free sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) treatment strategy is now becoming a promising strategy for expanding the organ donor pool. Methods This retrospective, comparative, single-center study included HCV viremic donor kidneys that were transplanted to 9 HCV-positive (HCV Ab-positive) recipients (D+/R+ group) and 14 HCV-negative recipients (D+/R- group) from May 2018 to January 2021. Both groups received prophylaxis with SOF/VEL treatment within 1-week posttransplant devoid of HCV genotyping/subtyping. The primary outcomes were sustained virologic response 12 weeks after completion of therapy (SVR12) and graft survival at 1-year posttransplant. Results Baseline characteristics were similar between the HCV D+/R- and D+/R+ groups. The mean age of all recipients was 39.09 ± 9.65 (SD) years, and 73.9% were male. A total of 92.9% (13 out of 14) recipients had pretreatment HCV viremia in the D+/R- group. The pretreatment HCV viral load in the D+/R+ group (5.98, log 10 IU/mL; IQR, 5.28-6.53) was significantly higher than that in the D+/R- group (3.61, log 10 IU/mL; IQR, 2.57-4.57). After SOF/VEL treatment, SVR12 was achieved in all recipients, with a 100% 1-year patient and graft survival rates. The D+/R+ group had a higher incidence of abnormal liver function (44.4% vs. 7.1%). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of DGF, acute rejection, ALT, serum creatinine, and eGFR within 1-year posttransplant. No severe adverse events associated with either HCV viremia or SOF/VEL were observed. Conclusions Using a simplified genotyping/subtyping-free SOF/VEL treatment strategy, kidneys from hepatitis C viremic donors for both infected and uninfected recipients presented with safe, excellent, and comparable 1-year outcomes, which can safely expand the donor pool. HCV-positive donor kidneys should be utilized regularly, regardless of the recipient's HCV status.
Introduction to Foliations and Lie Groupoids: Prerequisites

This book gives a quick introduction to the theory of foliations, Lie groupoids and Lie algebroids. An important feature is the emphasis on the interplay between these concepts: Lie groupoids form an indispensable tool to study the transverse structure of foliations as well as their noncommutative geometry, while the theory of foliations has immediate applications to the Lie theory of groupoids and their infinitesimal algebroids. The book starts with a detailed presentation of the main classical theorems in the theory of foliations then proceeds to Molino's theory, Lie groupoids, constructing the holonomy groupoid of a foliation and finally Lie algebroids. Among other things, the authors discuss to what extent Lie's theory for Lie groups and Lie algebras holds in the more general context of groupoids and algebroids. Based on the authors' extensive teaching experience, this book contains numerous examples and exercises making it ideal for graduate students and their instructors.
Comparison Of Accelerated Vs Standard Ponseti Technique Among Children's Having Congenital Talipes Equinovarus.

Background The resurgence and long duration of treatment of the Ponseti method in recent years has been punctuated by less than favourable long-term outcomes for surgically treated feet. Objectives of the study were to compare the two treatment techniques accelerated vs standard Ponseti technique among children's having Congenital Talipes Equinovarus. Methods This was two years randomized control trial study carried out among total 104 idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus patients in Orthopaedics and Spine Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. A convenient sampling technique was used in this study. Informed written consent was taken from each respondent. Patients in group A was subjected to accelerated ponseti technique and patients in group B was subjected to standard ponseti technique. At one month after treatment, all the patients were re assessed on the basis of pirani score. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results This study included a total 104 clinically diagnosed Congenital Talipes Equinovarus patients with mean age 5.5±2.1 months and 52 in each treatment group. Out of total 104 patients 68 (65.4%) were male and 36 (34.6%) were female. They're found significant difference in the mean ponseti scores of these two-group p=0.042 provided comparatively low mean pirani score in accelerated ponseti group. All female child in accelerated ponsati group was responded to the treatment with 100% effectiveness rate. The difference of effectiveness of treatment was significant p=0.015 for children age range 4-8 months divided in two treatment group with good effectiveness 80.8% in accelerated ponseti group. Conclusion Accelerated ponseti technique is more effective than standard ponseti technique for Congenital Talipes Equinovarus.
Summer ecosystem structure in mountain lakes linked to interannual variability of lake ice, snowpack, and landscape attributes

Mountain lakes experience interannual variability in spring snowpack and ice cover that can lead to differences in physical, chemical, and biological properties in the succeeding summer. Lake studies that capture extreme years of snow and ice would be useful to understand and anticipate effects of climate change, but such data are rare for remote mountain lakes. Monitoring of lakes in Olympic, North Cascades, and Mount Rainier National Parks from 2007 to 2018 allowed us to examine limnological differences along interannual and elevation‐driven climate gradients that included unusually high (2011–2012) and 100‐yr record low (2015) snowpack years. Years with lower spring snowpack had earlier ice‐out. Across lakes, our analysis suggested an average of 0.075°C lake warming per day of lost ice duration (0.525°C per week), giving rise to other ecosystem changes linked to temperature such as lower dissolved oxygen, higher total dissolved N, higher chlorophyll, and higher abundance of cladoceran zooplankton. Conversely, in years with higher snowpack and a shorter ice‐free season, lakes were colder and clearer (1 m deeper Secchi depth for every 1 m May snow water equivalent), with more dilute ions as well as lower algal biomass and zooplankton abundance. These results add to evidence that changes in snowpack or ice‐out dates alter mountain lake ecology through multiple processes associated with hydrology, terrestrial‐aquatic connection, water temperature, productivity, ion composition, and plankton communities.
Strategies of Bioceramics, Bioactive Glasses in Endodontics: Future Perspectives of Restorative Dentistry

Prevalently, there is a primary strategy to cure caries using restorative materials notably bioceramics. Existing synthetic materials stimulate natural tooth structure with acceptable interfacial bonding and esthetic and biomechanical qualities with better durability. Several bioceramics have been introduced and investigated for their potentialities as restorative materials. Biomineralization of tooth initiates repair and regeneration of natural dental tissue and reinstating the integrity of periodontium. In the evolution of bioceramics in the aspects of different essential composition for dental application, recent technology and modern strategies revolutionize the restorative dentistry. Bioglass is one among the important bioceramics as a restorative material, and by regulating the properties of the material, it is possible to construct improved formulation towards restoration. This article reviews the current revolution of endodontics, existing restorative materials, and technologies to be achieve for engineering materials with the better design.
Histological and molecular analysis of cellular leiomyoma with sclerosis: linked to HMGA2 overexpression

HMGA2 overexpression is found in 10–15% of leiomyomas (LM). HMGA2 overexpression is common in variants of hydropic, intravenous and lipo‐LM. Cellular or highly cellular LM (CLM) is a LM variant with a less well‐defined molecular nature. In this study, we identified and examined 52 hypercellular LM with sclerotic collagen, herein defined as cellular leiomyoma with sclerosis (CLM‐S). CLM‐S shows large tumour size (average 12.2 cm) and characteristic histology of tumour cells, arranged in cellular fascicles, sheets and trabeculae with abundant dense, pink sclerotic extracellular matrix in bands and nodules and increased vascularity. Tumour cells are uniform with small, round–oval nuclei and scant, pale–eosinophilic to vacuolated cytoplasm reminiscent of pericytes. The differential diagnosis of CLM‐S includes conventional CLM, endometrial stromal tumours and perivascular epithelioid cell tumour. Immunohistochemical profile [HMGA2, fumarate hydratase, smooth muscle markers, Melan A and HMB‐45] and molecular alterations [by HMGA2 mRNA reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), HMGA2 fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation and MED12 sequencing] were analysed in comparison to matched myometrium and CLM controls. Remarkably, 96% (50 of 52) of CLM‐S demonstrated diffuse positive immunoreactivity for HMGA2 and up to an 80‐fold increase in HMGA2 mRNA, determined by RT–PCR. FISH analysis with break‐part probes at intron 3 and the 5' UTR detected HMGA2 rearrangements in 47% (18 of 38) of CLM‐S. All CLM‐S retained expression of fumarate hydratase. No MED12 mutations were found in any CLM‐S. Our findings show that CLM‐S has unique and characteristic histomorphology probably driven by HMGA2 overexpression.
The Bergman property for endomorphism monoids of some Fra

Based on an idea of Y. P\'eresse and some results of Maltcev, Mitchell and Ru\v{s}kuc, we present sufficient conditions under which the endomorphism monoid of a countably infinite ultrahomogeneous first-order structure has the Bergman property. This property has played a prominent role both in the theory of infinite permutation groups and, more recently, in semigroup theory. As a byproduct of our considerations, we establish a criterion for a countably infinite ultrahomogeneous structure to be homomorphism-homogeneous.
Solid state cavity QED : practical applications of strong coupling of light and matter

J-aggregates of cyanine dyes are the excitonic materials of choice for realizing polariton devices that operate in strong coupling at room temperature. Since the earliest days of cavity QED, there has been a major desire to construct solid state optical devices that operate in the limit where strong light-matter interactions dominate the dynamics. Such devices have been successfully constructed, but their operation is usually litnited to cryogenic temperatures, because of the small binding energies for the -excitonic materials typically used. It has been demonstrated that when J-aggregates are used as the excitonic material, it is possible to achieve strong coupling in solid state even at room temperature. J-aggregates are a unique choice of materials because their central feature, a very large optical transitional dipole, is itself the result of strong coupling amongst monomeric dye elements. The strong coupling amongst dye molecules produces a well-defined cooperative optical transition possessing oscillator strength derived from all of the aggregated monomers that is capable of interacting strongly with the cavity confined electromagnetic field even at room temperature. There are different materials and methods for assembling J-aggregates which are capable of producing strong coupling. This thesis argues in favor of a particular dye and method of assembly which are then thoroughly characterized. With this dye and assembly technique, the first demonstration of electrically pumped polariton emission is reported as is the largest optical absorption coefficient for a solid thin film at room temperature not contained in a full microcavity. This combination is then used to demonstrate strong coupling at room temperature, as characterized by a light-matter coupling strength, Rabi-splitting, that significantly exceeds the dephasing processes competing against the coherence of the interaction. Finally, prospects of this approach for realizing a polariton laser at room temperature are considered, and improved microcavity architectures are demonstrated as a path towards its realization. Thesis Supervisor: Vladimir Bulovid Title: Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering
The Regression Effect of Capital Structure and Firm Growth on the Firm value

This study aims to determine and analyze the effects of capital structure, firm growth, and profitability on the firm value on the IDX. The population in this study were all manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector, as many as 42 firms, and the number of samples was as many as 12 firms using the purposive sampling method. This study uses secondary data derived from the annual financial statements of manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. The data were analyzed using SPSS program. The results of this study indicate that capital structure and profitability have a negative and insignificant effect on the firm value on the IDX. The firm's growth has a positive and negligible impact on the firm value on the IDX. Trade Off Theory explains that if the position of the capital structure is below the optimal point, any additional debt will increase the firm's value. On the other hand, if the position of the capital structure is above the optimal threshold, any additional debt will reduce the firm's value. Statistically, the capital structure has a negative and insignificant effect on the firm value in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the IDX.
Noncommutative integration calculus

A noncommutative integration calculus arising in the mathematical description of Schwinger terms of fermion–Yang–Mills systems is discussed. The differential complexes of forms u0[e,u1]. [e,un] with e a grading operator on a Hilbert space H and ui bounded operators on H which naturally contains the compactly supported de Rham forms on Rd (i.e., e is the sign of the free Dirac operator on Rd and H is a L2‐space on Rd) are considered. An elementary proof is presented in which the integral of d‐forms ∫RdtrN(X0dX1.dXd) for Xi∈C0∞(Rd;glN) is equal, up to a constant, to the conditional Hilbert space trace of ΓX0[e,X1]. [e,Xd] where Γ=1 for d odd and Γ=γd+1 (‘γ5‐matrix’) a spin matrix anticommuting with e for d even. This result provides a natural generalization of integration of de Rham forms to the setting of Connes’ noncommutative geometry which involves the ordinary Hilbert space trace rather than the Dixmier trace.
Reduction of Mature B Cells and Immunoglobulins Results in Increased Trabecular Bone

Inflammation has a significant effect on bone remodeling and can result in bone loss via increased stimulation of osteoclasts. Activated immunoglobulins, especially autoantibodies, can increase osteoclastogenesis and are associated with pathological bone loss. Whether immunoglobulins and mature B lymphocytes are important for general bone architecture has not been completely determined. Here we demonstrate, using a transgenic mouse model, that reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins leads to increased trabecular bone mass compared to wild‐type (WT) littermate controls. This bone effect is associated with a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and reduced bone resorption, despite decreased expression of osteoprotegerin. We also demonstrate that the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins do not prevent bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency or arthritis compared to WT littermate controls. In conclusion, the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins results in disturbed regulation of trabecular bone turnover in healthy conditions but is dispensable for pathological bone loss. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Social media may cause emergent SARMs abuse by athletes: a content quality analysis of the most popular YouTube videos

ABSTRACT Objectives Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) social media interest is at an all-time high. The aim of this study is to analyze the: (1) quality; (2) educational content; and (3) reliability of the most relevant YouTube videos on SARMs to explain growing SARMs abuse by recreational and professional athletes. Methods ‘SARMs’ was queried (28 November 2021) through the YouTube video library. The top 100 videos filtered by relevance were categorized by source, type of content, educational quality by Global Quality Score (GQS), reliability by Journal of American Medicine Association (JAMA) criteria, YouTube tags, attitude toward SARMs use, and whether the video provided specific support on how to use SARMs. For all outcome variables, descriptive statistics and comparison among source types and category types were performed. Results Mean JAMA score was 1.6 ± 0.7 out of 4. Mean GQS score was 2.5 ± 1.1 out of 5. Patient videos were of lower educational quality than athletic trainer videos (GQS: 2.11 ± 0.95 vs. 2.95 ± 1.00, p < 0.01), and videos categorized as user experience were of lower educational quality than videos categorized as general SARMs information (GQS: 1.92 ± 0.90 vs. 2.72 ± 1.07, p < 0.05). User experience and dosing recommendation videos were statistically significantly more positive in attitude than both general SARMs information and SARMS vs. other PEDs. Conclusion Quality, content, and reliability of SARMs YouTube videos was low. Social media likely causes SARMs abuse through disseminating biased SARMs misinformation. These results serve to educate public health oversight bodies, healthcare providers, and sports team members to better identify signs of SARMs abuse, and promote discussion to discourage SARMs abuse.
Wearable Sensing and Mining of the Informativeness of Older Adults’ Physiological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Responses to Detect Demanding Environmental Conditions

Due to the decline in functional capability, older adults are more likely to encounter excessively demanding environmental conditions (that result in stress and/or mobility limitation) than the average person. Current efforts to detect such environmental conditions are inefficient and are not person-centered. This study presents a more efficient and person-centered approach that involves using wearable sensors to collect continuous bodily responses (i.e., electroencephalography, photoplethysmography, electrodermal activity, and gait) and location data from older adults to detect demanding environmental conditions. Computationally, this study developed a Random Forest algorithm—considering the informativeness of the bodily response—and a hot spot analysis-based approach to identify environmental locations with high demand. The approach was tested on data collected from 10 older adults during an outdoor environmental walk. The findings demonstrate that the proposed approach can detect demanding environmental conditions that are likely to result in stress and/or limited mobility for older adults.