Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short communication Differential regulation of TNF and GM-CSF induced activation of P38 MAPK in neutrophils and eosinophils

P38 MAPK is a central mediator in cytokine signalling in human leukocytes. P38 MAPK is activated by phosphorylation of a conserved Thr180-X-Tyr182 motif by dual phosphorylation via the upstream kinases MKK3 and MKK6. Alternatively, P38 MAPK can be activated via autophosphorylation when associated with TAB1. In this study P38 MAPK phosphorylation and activation (measured via phosphorylation of P38 MAPK downstream target MK2) were investigated upon engagement of the GM-CSF- and TNF-receptors expressed on both eosinophils and neutrophils. The MKK3/MKK6 pathway mediated neutrophil P38 MAPK activation after stimulation with TNF (100 U/ml) or GM-CSF (10 −10 M). Under these conditions the activation but not phosphorylation of P38 MAPK could be inhibited by SB203580 (10 −5 Mo r 10 −6 M). In eosinophils SB203580 (10 −6 M) inhibited both the phosphorylation and activation of P38 MAPK after stimulation with several doses of TNF (10–10000 U/ml) or GM-CSF (10 −11 to 10 −9 M), indicating that P38 MAPK activation is mediated via autophosphorylation in eosinophils. This hypothesis was supported by the finding that in marked contrast to neutrophils, MKK3/MKK6 did not show enhanced phosphorylation in eosinophils after cytokine stimulation, but were constitutively phosphorylated. Therefore, the involvement of TAB1 was investigated with regard to this cytokine-induced autophosphorylation. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that TAB1 was constitutively associated with P38 MAPK in eosinophils and neutrophils and that cytokine-induced autophosphorylated P38 MAPK was co-precipitated with TAB1. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that cytokine-induced autophosphorylation of P38 MAPK in primary granulocytes depends on the interaction with TAB1.
String loops in the field of braneworld spherically symmetric black holes and naked singularities

We study motion of current-carrying string loops in the field of braneworld spherically symmetric black holes and naked singularities. The spacetime is described by the Reissner-Nordström geometry with tidal charge b reflecting the non-local tidal effects coming from the external dimension; both positive and negative values of the spacetime parameter b are considered. We restrict attention to the axisymmetric motion of string loops when the motion can be fully governed by an appropriately defined effective potential related to the energy and angular momentum of the string loops. In dependence on these two constants of the motion, the string loops can be captured, trapped, or can escape to infinity. In close vicinity of stable equilibrium points at the centre of trapped states the motion is regular. We describe how it is transformed to chaotic motion with growing energy of the string loop. In the field of naked singularities the trapped states located off the equatorial plane of the system exist and trajectories unable to cross the equatorial plane occur, contrary to the trajectories in the field of black holes where crossing the equatorial plane is always admitted. We concentrate our attention to the so called transmutation effect when the string loops are accelerated in the deep gravitational field near the black hole or naked singularity by transforming the oscillatory energy to the energy of the transitional motion. We demonstrate that the influence of the tidal charge can be substantial especially in the naked singularity spacetimes with b > 1 where the acceleration to ultrarelativistic velocities with Lorentz factor γ ∼ 100 can be reached, being more than one order higher in comparison with those obtained in the black hole spacetimes.
A Prevalence Study of Histamine and Histamine Producing Bacteria in Two Commercial Tropical Marine Fish Sold in Trinidad, West Indies

Background: Scombroid poisoning is responsible for the highest morbidity worldwide of any fish related food poisoning. However, there is little information available on this potential hazard to the fish consuming population of the Caribbean. This study focused on quantifying the levels of scombroid toxin (histamine) and selected histamine producing bacteria in two popularly consumed marine fish (carite, Scomberomorus brasiliensis and king fish, Scomberomorus cavalla ) in Trinidad, West Indies. Methods: A total of 78 fish were sampled at five different market types throughout the island. A commercial histamine kit was used to quantify histamine levels and the overall microbiological quality was evaluated from aerobic plate counts of fish tissue. Secondly, the role of fish and market types was investigated as potential sources of histamine producing bacteria (HPB). Results and conclusion: Of the fish sampled, 98.7% had histamine levels within USFDA acceptable limits of ≤ 50ppm. Overall, histamine levels were significantly higher in carite than in kingfish. One carite sampled from a wholesale market was in violation of the limit with a histamine level of 57 ppm. A significant relationship was observed between sensory characteristics and histamine levels. Fish tissue and gills were the main sources of histamine producing bacteria. There was a significant (p = 0.05) association between market type and the number of histamine producing bacterial types, with the highest morphological diversity of HPB present in fish from landing sites and retail markets. These market types also had the highest proportion of bacterial isolates positive for potential histamine production (12.9% each) as compared to supermarkets (11.3%), wholesale markets (8.1%) and mongers (6.5%).
Quantum defect theory

Quantum defect theory (QDT) is concerned with the properties of an electron in the field of a positive ion and, in particular, with expressing those properties in terms of analytical functions of the energy. It provides a unified theory of bound states, including series perturbations, autoionisation and electron-ion scattering, both elastic and inelastic. The main emphasis of the review is on the foundations of the theory. Properties of Coulomb functions are discussed in some detail and outline sketches are given of relevant topics in collision theory and radiative theory. One-channel and many-channel QDT are discussed separately. Applications to the following problems are considered: resonances, atomic collision calculations, systems with two energy levels of the ion core, helium, other rare gases, alkaline earths and other atomic systems, molecular hydrogen, dielectronic recombination.
Cumulative Use of Strong Anticholinergic Medications and Incident Dementia

IMPORTANCE—Many medications have anticholinergic effects. The general view is that anticholinergic-induced cognitive impairment is reversible upon medication discontinuation. However, a few studies suggest that anticholinergic medications may be associated with increased dementia risk. OBJECTIVE—To examine whether cumulative anticholinergic medication use is associated with a higher risk of incident dementia. DESIGN—Prospective population-based cohort study using data from the Adult Changes in Thought Study. SETTING—Group Health, an integrated health-care delivery system, Seattle, Washington Corresponding Author: Shelly Gray, University of Washington, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195-7630. Phone: 206.616. 5061; FAX 206.543. 3835; slgray@u.washington. edu. Alternate Author: Eric Larson, larson.e@ghc.org; FAX 206 287 2871. Authors’ contributions: SLG, MLA, SD, JH, RLW, RAH, OY and EBL contributed to study conception and design; all authors contributed to acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; SG and MLA drafted the manuscript; all authors revised the manuscript for critical intellectual content; MLA conducted statistical analyses; and SG, EBL and PKC obtained funding. Prior Presentation: This paper was presented at the 2014 Annual American Geriatrics Society Meeting in Orlando, Florida on May 16, 2014 Disclosures: Dr. Dublin received a Merck/American Geriatrics Society New Investigator Award. Dr. Larson receives royalties from UpToDate. Rod Walker has received funding as a biostatistician from a research grant awarded to Group Health Research Institute from Pfizer. Onchee Yu has received funding as a biostatistician from a research grant awarded to Group Health Research Institute from Amgen. All other authors have no conflicts to disclose. Access to data: Dr. Gray and Ms. Anderson had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Ms. Anderson conducted and was responsible for the data analysis. HHS Public Access Author manuscript JAMA Intern Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 March 13. Published in final edited form as: JAMA Intern Med. 2015 March 1; 175(3): 401–407. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014. 7663. A uhor M anscript
INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE AND EFFECT OF PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE AS A SYNERGIST IN THREE STRAINS OF Aedes aegypti (Linn.) (Diptera: Culicidae) AGAINST INSECTICIDES PERMETHRIN, CYPERMETHRIN, AND D-ALLETHRIN

Tiga strain nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang dipelihara di laboratorium dan dikoleksi dari lapangan diuji menggunakan tiga jenis insektisida dari golongan piretroid (permetrin, cypermetrin, dan d-alletrin) dengan metode bottle bioassay untuk mengetahui tingkatan dan mekanisme dari resistensi yang terjadi terhadap insektisida piretroid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga strain yang diuji kemungkinan telah resisten terhadap ketiga insektisida tersebut, termasuk strain-strain yang telah dipelihara selama beberapa generasi di laboratorium, yang diindikasikan dengan nilai LT90 yang tinggi. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat aktivitas MFO (Mixed-Function Oxidase) pada ketiga strain yang diuji, di mana mekanisme tersebut mungkin berperan dalam menimbulkan resistensi pada ketiga strain, meskipun diduga terdapat mekanisme lain yang juga ikut terlibat.
Energy confinement scaling from the international stellarator database

An international stellarator database on global energy confinement is presented. It comprises a total of 859 discharges from the ATF, CHS and Heliotron-E heliotron/torsatrons and the W7-A and W7-AS shearless stellarators. Some design aspects and operation techniques of the different devices are discussed. The data in the database represent electron cyclotron heated (ECH) and neutral beam injection (NBI) heated discharges in the L mode confinement regime. Results from enhanced confinement regimes such as H mode will be reported elsewhere. Regression expressions for the energy confinement time are given for the individual devices, for the subsets of heliotron/torsatrons and shearless stellarators and for the combined dataset. The combined scaling ISS-95 is found to describe satisfactorily a large tokamak L mode dataset. The aspects of comparing stellarator and tokamak data are discussed on the basis of various scaling expressions. In order to make this database available to interested colleagues, the structure of the database, which is described in detail, is organized in a similar way as the ITER confinement databases
Views of health care personnel on organ donation and transplantation: A literature review

El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar los estudios empiricos sobre la vision del personal de salud respecto a la donacion y trasplante de organos. Se hizo una revision panoramica de la literatura en espanol, ingles y portugues; realizandose la busqueda en dos buscadores y ocho bases de datos. El periodo abarca de 1985 al 2013. Se hizo analisis de contenido y frecuencias. De 316 articulos identificados, 248 fueron seleccionados. Segun los hallazgos, los trabajos se concentraron en terminos temporales y espaciales; predominando aquellos con metodologias cuantitativas. Las publicaciones priorizaron la perspectiva del personal medico y enfermeria sobre las de otros actores, como directivos y coordinadores de donacion. Las actitudes del personal sanitario hacia la donacion de organos de fallecido fue el tema mas estudiado. Se concluye que una produccion creciente de tipo cuantitativo analiza la perspectiva de medicos y enfermeras sobre la donacion y trasplante de organos de fallecido.
Exact evolution of discrete relativistic cosmological models

We study the effects of inhomogeneities on the evolution of the Universe, by considering a range of cosmological models with discretized matter content. This is done using exact and fully relativistic methods that exploit the symmetries in and about submanifolds of spacetimes that themselves possess no continuous global symmetries. These methods allow us to follow the evolution of our models throughout their entire history, far beyond what has previously been possible. We find that while some space-like curves collapse to anisotropic singularities in finite time, others remain non-singular forever. The resulting picture is of a cosmological spacetime in which some behaviour remains close to Friedmann-like, while other behaviours deviate radically. In particular, we find that large-scale acceleration is possible without any violation of the energy conditions.
The case for dynamical dark energy revisited

We investigate the behaviour of dark energy using the recently released supernova data of Riess et al 2004 and a model independent parametrization for dark energy (DE). We find that, if no priors are imposed on Ω0m and h, DE which evolves with time provides a better fit to the SNe data than ΛCDM. This is also true if we include results from the WMAP CMB data. From a joint analysis of SNe + CMB, the best fit DE model has w0 ≲ −1 at the present epoch and the transition from deceleration to acceleration occurs at zT = 0.39 ± 0.03. However, DE evolution becomes weaker if the ΛCDM based CMB results Ω0m = 0.27 ± 0.04, h = 0.71 ± 0.06 are incorporated in the analysis. In this case, zT = 0.57 ± 0.07. Our results also show that the extent of DE evolution is sensitive to the manner in which the supernova data is sampled.
WEAK SOLUTIONS AND INCOMPRESSIBLE LIMITS OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOWS

This dissertation addresses mathematical issues regarding the existence of global weak so-lutions of isentropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic flows (MHD), the limit behaviorof isentropic compressible MHD as Mach number vanishes, and the hydrodynamic limit ofVlasov-Maxwell-Boltzemann equations. More precisely, in the first part, global existenceof weak solutions with large initial data to the Cauchy problem of the three-dimensionalcompressible MHD is established through an invading method for the adiabatic exponentG it is showed that asMach number vanishes, the compressible isentropic MHD will converge to the incompress-ible MHD. In the third part, using relative entropy estimate about an absolute Maxwellian,we establish an incompressible Electron-Magnetohydrodynamics-Fourier limit for solutionsof the Vlasov-Maxwell-Blotzmann equation considered over any periodic spatial domain inR^3. It is shown that any properly scaled sequence of renormalized solutions of Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann equations has fluctuations that (in the weak L2 topology) converge toan in¯nitesimal Maxwellian with fluid variables that satisfy the incompressibility and Boussi-nesq relations. It is shown that every limit point and the magnetic field are governed by aweak solution of an incompressible electron-magnetohydrodynamics system for all time.
Transplantation for Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Improvement in the Lung Allocation Score Era

Background— Lung transplantation and heart-lung transplantation represent surgical options for treatment of medically refractory idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. The effect of the lung allocation score on wait-list and transplantation outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is poorly described. Methods and Results— Adults diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and listed for transplantation in the 80 months before and after the lung allocation score algorithm was implemented (n=1430) were identified in the United Network for Organ Sharing thoracic registry. Patients were stratified by organ listed and pre– and post–lung allocation score era. The cumulative incidences of transplantation and mortality for wait-listed patients in both eras were appraised with competing outcomes analysis. Posttransplantation survival was assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method. These analyses were repeated in propensity-matched subgroups. Cox proportional hazards analysis evaluated the effect of prelisting and pretransplantation characteristics on mortality. We found that patients in the post–lung allocation score era had significantly worse comorbidities; nevertheless, both lung transplantation and heart-lung transplantation candidates in this era enjoyed lower wait-list mortality and a higher incidence of transplantation in unmatched and propensity-matched analyses. On multivariable analysis, heart-lung transplantation and double-lung transplantation were associated with improved survival from the time of wait-listing, as was being listed at a medium- to high-volume institution. Donor/recipient sex matching predicted posttransplantation survival. Conclusions— The incidence of transplantation has increased while wait-list mortality has decreased in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension wait-listed for transplantation in the post–lung allocation score era. Both heart-lung transplantation and double-lung transplantation are predictive of survival in transplantation candidates with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, as is being listed at a medium- to high-volume institution. Donor/recipient sex matching is associated with better posttransplantation survival.
Interacting dark energy collapse with matter components separation

We use the spherical collapse model of structure formation to investigate the separation in the collapse of uncoupled matter (essentially baryons) and coupled dark matter in an interacting dark energy scenario. Following the usual assumption of a single radius of collapse for all species, we show that we only need to evolve the uncoupled matter sector to obtain the evolution for all matter components. This gives us more information on the collapse with a simplified set of evolution equations compared with the usual approaches. We then apply these results to four quintessence potentials and show how we can discriminate between different quintessence models.
The effect of dopants on the dielectric constant of HfO2 and ZrO2 from first principles

Based on first-principles calculations, we elucidate the influence of dopants on the dielectric properties of the high-k materials HfO2 and ZrO2. Our calculations demonstrate that by doping the tetragonal phase can become energetically more favorable than the monoclinic phase present at ambient conditions. The stabilization of the tetragonal phase increases the dielectric constant significantly. A series of dopants was investigated to understand the efficiency and the mechanism of the stabilization process. The calculations reveal that at a moderate doping level (∼12%) only some of the dopants stabilize the tetragonal phase and that Si is the most efficient stabilizer atom.
Negative ion formation in alkali-atom-molecule collisions

Negative ion formation in alkali-atom-molecule collisions is a powerful method to study the dynamic properties of negative ions. By studying a collision with an electron donor such as an alkali atom one has access to the electron affinity of the molecule as it is manifested in the collision. The electron affinities obtained depend on the conditions of the collision and do not have to be identical to electron affinities obtained by other means. In this way adiabatic, vertical and reactive electron affinities can be discerned. Moreover if the collision energy is in the eV region one can probe the vibrational dynamics of a negative molecular ion on a 10 fs timescale. As a theoretical introduction to negative ion formation by electron transfer in atom-molecule collisions the curve crossing model and the collision dynamics of the atom-atom case are briefly reviewed. A short survey of the experimental methods used is presented. Measurements of total, differential and double-differential cross sections as a function of the collision energy and different collision partners are discussed. In atom-molecule collisions stretching of the bond of the molecular negative ion during the collision is among the most relevant consequences of the internal degrees of freedom of the molecule. The collision dynamics explored in this way not only gives insight into the properties of negative ions, but also into the dynamics of elementary processes occurring in chemical reactions.
Polarized Optical Emission of the Blazar PKS 1222+216: Discovery of a 420 day Quasiperiodic Signal

We report our search for quasiperiodic signals in long-term optical and γ-ray data for the blazar PKS 1222+216, where the data are from the Steward Observatory blazar monitoring program and the all-sky survey with the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, respectively. A quasiperiodic signal, with a period of ≃420 days and a significance of >5σ, is found in the measurements of the optical linear polarization degree for the source, while no similar signals are found in the optical and γ-ray light curves covering approximately the same time period of ∼10 yr. We study the quasiperiodic variations by applying a helical jet model and find that the model can provide a good explanation. This work shows that polarimetry can be a powerful tool for revealing the physical properties, in particular the configuration of the magnetic fields of jets from galactic supermassive black holes.
Lighting control systems in individual offices at high latitude: measurements of lighting conditions and electricity savings

This paper presents measurement results of electricity use and lighting conditions in individual office rooms located in Lund, Sweden. The aim is to demonstrate the energy saving potential by using different lighting systems and the satisfaction of users. The measurements are carried out in one empty reference room and four fully occupied test rooms equipped with different electric light control systems. The tested systems include: a presence detector (automatic switch on/off), a manual switch at the door combined with absence detector (automatic switch off), a photoelectric dimming combined with presence detector, and a switchable task light with no ambient lighting except daylight. The four rooms are fully occupied by test persons performing their normal computer-based tasks, and who make a subjective evaluation of lighting conditions in the room and control system once a week. The results for the first monitoring period show that the automatic switch on/off (presence) system is the one yielding the highest electricity use, which repeats earlier simulation results. The photoelectric dimming system which combines a presence detector yields very modest energy savings compared to the presence detector system, a result which contradicts earlier findings but which may be explained by malfunctions and poor sensor position. The room with the task lamp achieves the lowest energy use, which is mostly attributed to the low levels of illumination in the room, which is further confirmed by the test persons. The system with manual switch at the door combined with absence detector achieves the best results in terms of combined low energy use and user satisfaction, and the magnitude of the savings are generally greater than anticipated in earlier simulation studies achieved in the same context.