Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental Involvement and Academic Achievement of Students in Selected Junior Secondary Schools in Imo State

This study investigated parental involvement and academic achievement of students in selected junior secondary schools in Imo State. The correlational research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 1,120 students in Imo State. The Tsaro Yamen formular was used to obtain the sample size of 295 respondents, while the stratified sampling technique was adopted for the study. Content and face validation of the research instrument was carried out by the supervisor and two other experts in the field of measurement and evaluation, while the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was used to obtain a reliability coefficient of 0.97 from the pilot study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistic of mean and standard deviation and inferential statistic of Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and to test the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level respectively. The following findings were made: there is a significant relationship between provision of textual materials and academic achievement of junior secondary school students, there is a significant relationship between provision of guidance counseling and academic achievement of junior secondary school students, finally there is a significant relationship between home teaching and academic achievement of junior secondary school students. The study concluded that provision of textual materials significantly enhance academic achievement of junior secondary school students, guidance counseling impacts positively on academic achievement of junior secondary school students, finally, it was concluded that a great significant relationship exist between home teaching and academic achievement of junior secondary school students. It was therefore, recommended among other things that parents’ involvement in schools’ activities should be encouraged and the government should consider developing and implementing policies that will support it.
Effectiveness and feasibility of injectable Escherichia coli- derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on anterior lumbar interbody fusion at lumbosacral junction for adult spinal deformity: A clinical pilot study

Achievement of solid fusion of the lumbosacral junction (L5-S1 level) is an important factor in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness and feasibility of injectable rhBMP-2 (a combination of Eschericia coli-derived rhBMP-2 and hydrogel type β-TCP carrier; NOVOSIS Inject) as a bone substitute for the fusion of lumbosacral junction. 20 patients (average age 69.1 years) diagnosed with ASD with sagittal imbalance who underwent surgical treatment including anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) in the L5-S1 level were evaluated. Injectable rhBMP-2 was applied in L5-S1 ALIF and followed-up for 1-year. Solid fusion rates and changes of clinical outcomes (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Visual Analog Scale [VAS] of back and leg) were measured and analyzed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. All postoperative adverse events were evaluated about the association with injectable rhBMP-2. Fusion rates were 68.4% and 100% at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Compared to baseline, ODI were improved to 45.8% and 63.7%, VAS(back) were improved to 69.2% and 72.8%, and VAS(leg) were improved to 49.2% and 64.8% at 6 and 12 months after surgery (p<0.001, respectively). There were no adverse events associated with injectable rhBMP-2. Thus, injectable rhBMP-2 may be a suitable choice of a bone graft substitute when achieving solid interbody fusion in the lumbosacral junction.
An Analysis of Mood and Modality in Workplace Discourse and the Impact of Power Differentials: Ramsay’s Kitchen Nightmares

This qualitative study examines the interpersonal meaning of Mood and modality, specifically within the context of workplace discourse, and the influence of power on communication strategies. Its focus is to investigate the Mood structures used by interlocuters and to understand how a speaker’s choice of Mood demonstrates various interpersonal meanings. In addition, the paper explores the concept of modality, assessing the different ways in which speakers communicate to express their attitudes and judgments by employing the grammatical resources of modalization (probability) and modulation (inclination and obligation). Data were collected from an episode of Ramsay’s Kitchen Nightmares, a popular television series filmed in the U.S., in which Gordon Ramsay, a well-known professional chef, visits failing restaurant establishments. The data were transcribed verbatim before being analyzed to identify the use of Mood structures and modality, as well as whether the speakers’ power levels and social roles influenced their use of language. The results showed that interlocutors with a higher level of power, i.e., superiors in the work setting, typically used different Mood structures of the clause and different types of modality compared to those with less power, i.e., subordinates. These findings indicate that those in power play the role of instruction-givers, while those with less power are instructionreceivers. Interlocutors who are in power appear to have more opportunities to express their attitudes and judgments than their subordinates. As a result, they can influence workplace and business communication by making it more or less formal.
Hand and Handprint Measurements in the Estimation of Stature in a Sri Lankan Population

The present study was undertaken to generate sex-specific simple and multiple regression models for the estimation of stature using hand and handprint measurements in a Sri Lankan population. The sample comprises 51 males and 66 females in th e age range of 20 to 26 years. The stature and eight measurements from each hand and its corresponding print of each subject were col lected using standard anthropometric instruments and techniques. All hand and handprint measurements showed significantly positive cor relation (p value < 0.05) with the stature in both sexes. Stature prediction accuracy for simple linear regression equations ranged from ±4.41-5.92 cm and ±4.05. 22 cm for the left and right hand measurements in males and females, respectively. The corresponding figures for the lef t and right handprint measurements were ±4.57-5.95cm and ±4.36-5.52 cm, respectively. The highest stature prediction accuracy was shown by the multiple regression models derived from hand measurements. The stature estimating formulae reported in this study using hand measurements have important application in the identification of unknown human remains, particularly when they are partial , mutilated or dismembered. Similarly, it is envisaged that formulae derived from the handprint measurements will be useful in cr ime scene investigations.
Design and Evaluation of an Adaptive Dialog-Based Tutoring System for Argumentation Skills

Recent advances in Natural Language Processing not only bear the opportunity to design new dialog-based forms of human-computer interaction but also to analyze the argumentation quality of texts. Both can be leveraged to provide students with individual and adaptive tutoring in their personal learning journey to develop argumentation skills. Therefore, we present the results of our design science research project on how to design an adaptive dialog-based tutoring system to help students to learn how to argue. Our results indicate the usefulness of an adaptive dialog-based tutoring system to support students individually, independent of a human instructor, time and place. In addition to providing our embedded software artifact, we document our evaluated design knowledge as a design theory. Thus, we provide the first step toward a nascent design theory for adaptive conversational tutoring systems to individual support metacognition skill education of students in traditional learning scenarios.
Comparative Study Between Chest X-Ray and Lung Ultrasound in Neonatal Respiratory Distress

Background: In the past, ultrasound has not been widely used for neonatal chest imaging due to the obscuring artifact generated by normal air-filled lung. Aim of work: This study aimed to determine the value of chest ultrasonography in comparison to chest x-rays in diagnosis and follow up of neonates with respiratory distress. Methods: This prospective study has been conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Al-Azhar Assiut University Hospital from 1st November 2019 to October 2020. The study was conducted to 50 neonates with moderate respiratory distress, 14 of them were females (28%) and 36 of them were males (72%). All newborns included in the study admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: 13 of them stabilized on nasal oxygen, 37 of them stabilized on Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP) for 6 hours. 8 of them need mechanical ventilation based on clinical, arterial blood gases and lung ultrasonographic findings. Lung ultrasound was performed within 2 hours and repeated after 6 hours. Chest x-ray was performed and scored. Both Lung ultrasound score and chest x-ray score were used and compared for respiratory distress in neonates. Results: Lung ultrasound has important role in diagnosis and follow up of neonates with respiratory distress and considered higher than chest X-ray regarding its ability to detect different patterns of white lung in term of pulmonary oedema (B-Lines) (40%),consolidation(62%) and pleural effusion (8%). Conclusion: Lung ultrasound is a non-invasive , bedside and reproducible method that could improve the management of neonatal respiratory distress . After 6 hours of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP), neonatal lung ultrasound is a useful predictor of the need for intubation over chest x-ray. Respiratory distress syndrome was the main diagnosis of respiratory distressed infants followed by transient tachypnea of newborn, pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), and finally pleural effusion.
Exposure to Nitrate Increases Susceptibility to Hypoxia in Fish

Aquatic hypoxic events are increasing in frequency and intensity as concentrations of nutrients, such as nitrate, continue to rise from human activities. Many fish species can alter their behavior and physiology to cope with drops in oxygen, but these compensatory strategies may be compromised under high levels of nitrate pollution. Hence, we investigated whether exposure to elevated nitrate concentrations affects key behavioral (avoidance and aquatic surface respiration [ASR]) and physiological (hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, ventilation frequency, and burst and prolonged swimming performance) responses of fish to mitigate the impacts of acute hypoxia. Juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) were exposed to one of three nitrate concentrations (0, 50, or 100 mg NO3− L−1) for 3 wk, after which behavioral and physiological responses of fish to progressive hypoxia were assessed. Fish exposed to nitrate utilized ASR at a higher threshold of partial pressure of oxygen during progressive hypoxia compared with control animals but did not alter behavioral avoidance of low oxygen levels. In these nitrate-exposed fish, the early onset of ASR behaviors is likely a behavioral, compensatory strategy to cope with nitrate-induced physiological disruptions, namely, increases in ventilation frequency and lower levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit. The physiological constraints placed by nitrate and acute hypoxia exposures manifested to lower the swimming performance of silver perch. Collectively, these data suggest that exposure to elevated nitrate is likely to disrupt key behavioral and physiological strategies used by fish to cope with short-term hypoxia.
Three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of the skull of Protoceratops andrewsi supports a socio-sexual signalling role for the ceratopsian frill

Socio-sexual selection is predicted to be an important driver of evolution, influencing speciation, extinction and adaptation. The fossil record provides a means of testing these predictions, but detecting its signature from morphological data alone is difficult. There are, nonetheless, some specific patterns of growth and variation which are expected of traits under socio-sexual selection. The distinctive parietal-squamosal frill of ceratopsian dinosaurs has previously been suggested as a socio-sexual display trait, but evidence for this has been limited. Here, we perform a whole-skull shape analysis of an unprecedentedly large sample of specimens of Protoceratops andrewsi using a high-density landmark-based geometric morphometric approach to test four predictions regarding a potential socio-sexual signalling role for the frill. Three predictions—low integration with the rest of the skull, significantly higher rate of change in size and shape during ontogeny, and higher morphological variance than other skull regions—are supported. One prediction, sexual dimorphism in shape, is not supported, suggesting that sexual differences in P. andrewsi are likely to be small. Together, these findings are consistent with mutual mate choice or selection for signalling quality in more general social interactions, and support the hypothesis that the frill functioned as a socio-sexual signal in ceratopsian dinosaurs.
The plastic cell: mechanical deformation of cells and tissues

Epithelial cells possess the ability to change their shape in response to mechanical stress by remodelling their junctions and their cytoskeleton. This property lies at the heart of tissue morphogenesis in embryos. A key feature of embryonic cell shape changes is that they result from repeated mechanical inputs that make them partially irreversible at each step. Past work on cell rheology has rarely addressed how changes can become irreversible in a complex tissue. Here, we review new and exciting findings dissecting some of the physical principles and molecular mechanisms accounting for irreversible cell shape changes. We discuss concepts of mechanical ratchets and tension thresholds required to induce permanent cell deformations akin to mechanical plasticity. Work in different systems has highlighted the importance of actin remodelling and of E-cadherin endocytosis. We also list some novel experimental approaches to fine-tune mechanical tension, using optogenetics, magnetic beads or stretching of suspended epithelial tissues. Finally, we discuss some mathematical models that have been used to describe the quantitative aspects of accounting for mechanical cell plasticity and offer perspectives on this rapidly evolving field.
Genomic variation, population history and within-archipelago adaptation between island bird populations

Oceanic island archipelagos provide excellent models to understand evolutionary processes. Colonization events and gene flow can interact with selection to shape genetic variation at different spatial scales. Landscape-scale variation in biotic and abiotic factors may drive fine-scale selection within islands, while long-term evolutionary processes may drive divergence between distantly related populations. Here, we examine patterns of population history and selection between recently diverged populations of the Berthelot's pipit (Anthus berthelotii), a passerine endemic to three North Atlantic archipelagos. First, we use demographic trees and f3 statistics to show that genome-wide divergence across the species range is largely shaped by colonization and bottlenecks, with evidence of very weak gene flow between populations. Then, using a genome scan approach, we identify signatures of divergent selection within archipelagos at single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes potentially associated with craniofacial development and DNA repair. We did not detect within-archipelago selection at the same SNPs as were detected previously at broader spatial scales between archipelagos, but did identify signatures of selection at loci associated with similar biological functions. These findings suggest that similar ecological factors may repeatedly drive selection between recently separated populations, as well as at broad spatial scales across varied landscapes.
Educational Scaff olding in Primary Education from the Perspective of Younger-Aged School Pupils

Educational scaff olding as a form of dynamic, situation-based intervention by the teacher in the learning process of pupils creates an interesting area for exploring specifi c individually conditioned forms of support that can be captured in the interaction between teachers and pupils in the classroom. With regard to its content and importance, however, the broad conceptualisation of scaff olding as a strategy representing all possible forms and sources of facilitation of a pupil’s learning calls the method into doubt. Specifi c features that would fulfi l this strategy’s original importance and the role it plays in the learning process, specifi cally in the zone of proximal development, are obscured by this broad conceptualisation. We attempt to gain a better understanding of the wider conceptual framework of scaff olding, which is generally defi ned as learning support, by way of recording strategies and procedures that are employed in practice and which pupils, teachers, and independent observers identify as supporting elements. Th e results of the empirical survey presented in this paper focus on a specifi c research question related to the perspective from which pupils in primary education themselves see learning support. Our aim was to ascertain how pupils of a younger school age subjectively respond to and describe the importance and sources of support used in the teaching process. In terms of methodology, we applied the phenomenological approach. Data was collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 104 pupils of younger school age ranging from six to 11 years old. For data analysis, we used a qualitative structuring technique with the creation of inductive categories. A content analysis of the data made it possible to generate four key categories of learning support sources. Th e fi rst, named “Absence of Fear”, showed the importance of emotional support, in the form of the need for encouragement, praise, and chances to succeed, and, at the same time, the threat of the fear of failure, errors, or bad marks. Th e second category, named “Again and Again”, viewed a specifi c social-historical feature of Czech school education in the form of routine repetition, revision, and practice of the curriculum. Th e importance of the social context of peer learning was coded in our data under the title “I’ll Ask Denis”. Th e signifi cance of the illustrative nature of didactic aims in the form of pictures, drawings, maps, or stories, named by pupils, forms the core of the fourth and last category, called “Visualisation”.
Where have the cartographers gone? The status of cartography instruction within U.S. geography departments and programs

ABSTRACT Academic cartography continues to be shaped by advancements in computing technology and the growing emphasis on emerging geospatial disciplines, especially geographic information science and technology (GIS&T). Within geography departments and programs, stand-alone courses in cartography are offered within an increasingly crowded field of technical subjects. At the same time, recent graduates whose work involves mapmaking are less likely to identify themselves as cartographers. In this article, we explore academic cartography’s status through an analysis of cartography coursework offered within U.S. baccalaureate programs in geography and undergraduate GIS certificates. Our findings demonstrate that while available in many geography departments, a relatively small number of baccalaureate programs require students to complete a course in cartography. The situation within GIS certificates is the opposite with smaller course inventories and a higher likelihood of cartography being required. With supplementary data appearing to confirm cartography’s difficulties, we consider elements that may strengthen its status as an area of study and learning outcome within geography and GIS&T instruction.
Anticancer and Antibacterial Effect of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis, in Vitro

Background and objectives: The spread of infectious diseases and malignant diseases has been increasing in the recent years. The use of chemical drugs, in addition to the development of drug resistance, also cause serious side effects. We conducted the present study to examine the antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancer effects of E. camaldulensis as a herbal remedy. Methods:We extracted E. camaldulensis using a hydroalcoholic solution. The antiviral effect of the plant was investigated at the time of the Herpes simplex virus entry and once the virus entered the cell. Moreover, we evaluated MIC and MBC of E. camaldulensis on Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyrogens, Streptococcus agalactiae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Corynebacterium glutamicum. For the evaluation of cell cytotoxicity, HFF-2 (NCBI: C163) and A549 )ATCC: CCL81) cell lines were utilized. Results: The results of the cytotoxicity test indicated that both cell lines were sensitive to the hydroalcoholic extracts of E. camaldulensis. The MIC for A. baumannii, K. pneumonia, and C. glutamicum was 6.25 μg/ml, and the MIC for S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and S. agalactiae was 12.5 μg/ml. MBC was evaluated as 25 μg/ml for S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and S. Agalactiae. It was 12.5 μg/ml for A. baumannii, K. pneumonia, and S. Agalactiae. IC50 value on entering the virus into the cell was 40 μg/ml, and following the absorption of the virus, the IC50 value was 80 μg/ml. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that E. camaldulensis is of antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancer potentials and could be used as a candidate for the preparation of a new drug.
A Review of the Gastrointestinal Effects Associated with COVID-19 Infections

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has led to an ongoing worldwide pandemic that has afflicted nearly 46 million lives world. Current clinical evidence indicates that gastrointestinal symptoms may be more prevalent across COVID-19 infections than clinicians previously realized. Furthermore, these symptoms are common among patients who present with no other COVID-19 symptoms, suggesting that these individuals may be unknowingly spreading the disease to others. The ability of SARS-CoV-2 to invade cells depends on two key factors: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors and Transmembrane Serine Protease (TMPRSS2). Research has shown that both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, which is the likely mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 invades the digestive system to induce symptoms that include diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Further studies suggest that probiotics may serve as a means to combat COVID-19. ISSN: 2637-4501