Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Origin of Termarina cultivar, another grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) parthenocarpic somatic variant

Background and Aims Molecular synonyms need to be confirmed by ampelographic description. Preliminary molecular data showed that four accessions of CREA-Vit collection may correspond to the Sciaccarello cultivar; nevertheless, only one of them had normally developed seeds, whereas the others were seedless. This study aimed to identify these accessions and to assess the origin of the seedless types. Methods and Results An integrated molecular (23 simple sequence repeat markers) and ampelographic approach (70 Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin descriptors) was used. The four accessions showed the same molecular profile and belonged to Sciaccarello cepage. Morphological and phenological descriptors were in agreement with the conclusion inferred from the molecular data, with the seedless vines being somatic variants of the seeded cultivar Sciaccarello. The seedless accessions were shown to be parthenocarpic and mostly differed from the wild type in the traits related to the absence of seeds. Beyond the prominent differences in the bunch and berry morphology, the seedless variant commenced veraison and ripened about 1 week earlier than the accession with seeds. Conclusions Our results suggest that the seedless Termarina cultivar is a somatic variant of Sciaccarello cepage. Significance of the Study The study describes in detail another case of parthenocarpic variant in grapevine. Current knowledge about these types of variants is limited.
A Forecasting Approach to Improve Control and Management for 5G Networks

In 5G networks, time-series data will be omnipresent for the monitoring and management of network performance metrics. With the increase in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, it is expected that the number of real-time time-series data streams will increase at a fast pace, making forecasting essential for the proactive successful management of the network. In this article, we discuss to use both linear and non-linear forecasting methods, including machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks to improve 5G networks’ management. For this purpose, we design and implement a real-time distributed forecasting framework, used to make simultaneous predictions of different network performance metrics, and with different learning algorithms. By using our framework, we compare the use of forecasting methods in two network scenarios, in a real vehicular network and in a 4G network, representing two different slices in a 5G network. We also integrate our framework in a 5G architecture. Using the best forecasting models assessed previously, we propose a dynamic threshold algorithm for multi-slice management, to ensure that the resources of each slice are updated according to the slices’ needs, while avoiding congestion and saving resources for other slices. The experimental results show that it is possible to forecast the slices’ needs and congestion probability, selecting the best forecasting approach or an ensemble of the best ones, and act accordingly in the network to optimize its management.
High thermoelectric performance in Te-free (Bi,Sb)2Se3via structural transition induced band convergence and chemical bond softening

Semiconductors with converging multiple electronic valleys and soft chemical bonds are ideal for high-performance thermoelectrics. Narrow gap Bi2Se3 is a well-known three-dimensional topological insulator with non-trivial surface states, while possessing low thermoelectric properties due to its single-degenerate band conduction, despite being an important constituent of highly efficient n-type thermoelectric Bi2(Te,Se)3. Here we demonstrate that in Te-free Bi2−xSbxSe3 converging multiple electronic band valleys and strengthening phonon scattering can be realized simultaneously via a composition-induced (Sb-alloying) structural transition from a rhombohedral phase to an orthorhombic phase. The accompanying chemical bond softening and structural distortion cause significant modifications to the electronic band structure and phonon dispersion. The convergence of heavy bands realized in the orthorhombic phase (x ≥ 1.0) largely increases the electron density of states effective mass, and thus gives rise to a high Seebeck coefficient of ∼−280 μV K−1 at 800 K. Meanwhile, phonon softening and substantial lattice anharmonicity pertain to weak interchain interactions considerably block the heat-carrying acoustic phonons, resulting in ultralow lattice thermal conductivities of ∼0.6 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K and ∼0.3 W m−1 K−1 at 800 K. Consequently, a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of ∼1.0 can be achieved for n-type BiSbSe3, about three times higher than that of the optimized Bi2Se3. The moderately high ZT of Te-free BiSbSe3 makes it a promising candidate for low-mid temperature power generations. Furthermore, the concept of structural transition driven band convergence and chemical bond softening can be applied to improve the thermoelectric properties of other materials and may also shed light on identifying new materials.
Color development by red-smear surface bacteria

On a etudie le developpement des pigments de couleur rouge brun typique du fromage de Tilsit par la morge a l'aide de systemes de modele bases sur le lait. La souche CA12 d'Arthrobacter pigmentee en jaune s'est averee comme etant essentielle. Des cultures de lait pures de la souche CA12 ont developpe une couleur jaune extracellulaire. Apres l'addition d'hydrolysat de caseine on a obtenu une couleur rouge brun en utilisant la meme souche. Il n'etait pas possible de reproduire la production de pigments de couleur rouge brun en ajoutant des acides amines individuels. La meme couleur rouge brun a ete produite dans des cultures mixtes de la souche CA12 d'Arthrobacter avec des souches proteolytiques de Brevibacterium linens. Ceci etait independant de la pigmentation de la souche de Brevibacterium utilisee pour les experiences. Des spectres d'absorption ont montre qu'il existe une relation entre la couleur rouge brun et les pigments jaunes originaux d'Arthrobacter.
Future dominance by quaking aspen expected following short‐interval, compounded disturbance interaction

The spatial overlap of multiple ecological disturbances in close succession has the capacity to alter trajectories of ecosystem recovery. Widespread bark beetle outbreaks and wild ﬁ re have affected many forests in western North America in the past two decades in areas of important habitat for native ungulates. Bark beetle outbreaks prior to ﬁ re may deplete seed supply of the host species, and differences in ﬁ re-related regeneration strategies among species may shift the species composition and structure of the initial forest trajectory. Subsequent browsing of post ﬁ re tree regeneration by large ungulates, such as elk ( Cervus canadensis ), may limit the capacity for regeneration to grow above the browse zone to form the next forest canopy. Five stand-replacing wild ﬁ res burned ~ 60,000 ha of subalpine forest that had previously been affected by severe ( > 90% mortality) outbreaks of spruce beetle (SB, Dendroctonus ru ﬁ pennis ) in Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ) in 2012 – 2013 in southwestern Colorado. Here we examine the drivers of variability in abundance of newly established conifer tree seedlings [spruce and subalpine ﬁ r ( Abies lasiocarpa )] and resprouts of quaking aspen ( Populus tremuloides ) following the short-interval sequence of SB outbreaks and wild ﬁ re (2 – 8 yr between SB outbreak and ﬁ re) at sites where we previously reconstructed severities of SB and ﬁ re. We then examine the implications of ungulate browsing for forest recovery. We found that abundances of post ﬁ re spruce seedling establishment decreased substantially in areas of severe SB outbreak. Proli ﬁ c aspen resprouting in stands with live aspen prior to ﬁ re will favor an initial post ﬁ re forest trajectory dominated by aspen. However, preferential browsing of post ﬁ re aspen resprouts by ungulates will likely slow the rate of canopy recovery but browsing is unlikely to alter the species composition of the future forest canopy. Collectively, our results show that SB outbreak prior to ﬁ re increases the vulnerability of spruce – ﬁ r forests to shifts in forest type (conifer to aspen) and physiognomic community type (conifer forest to non-forest). By identifying where compounded disturbance interactions are likely to limit recovery of forests or tree species, our ﬁ ndings are useful for developing adaptive management strategies in the context of warming climate and shifting disturbance regimes.
Nurse’s Perception of Student Clinical Competence in the Emergency Nursing Section of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Indonesia

Professional education has its own challenges in providing clinical learning experiences for students. One of the challenges is integrating theory and practice. The role of the preceptor is very important to bridge this integration so that students can achieve competencies as expected. The purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions of the clinical preceptor of the emergency nursing regarding clinical experience in guiding students to achieve competency in the emergency nursing. This research is a qualitative study of phenomenology. The participants in this study were 7 clinical preceptors in the department of emergency care at UMY nursing study program education hospital which included PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Yogyakarta, PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital, and PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Temanggung. The Data retrieval using semi-structured interview techniques. Data analysis using content analysis with open Code software. The results of this study found one main theme, that is the strategy and learning reinforcement consisting of two themes for the realm of knowledge, two themes for the realm of skills and three themes for the realm of attitude. There is should be a strategy and learning and mentoring reinforcement at the professional level in the knowledge, skills and attitudes realm. Keywords— nursing student competence, emergency clinical rotation, clinical preceptor, perception
Modelling the spread of atherosclerosis considering relapse and linear treatment

Atherosclerosis is a narrowing of the arteries due to a build-up of plaque in the artery walls. One of the reasons for the spread of atherosclerosis is the widespread of improper lifestyle in a population because of the tendency to follow the improper lifestyle of people in the surrounding environment. Atherosclerosis can cause complications such as heart disease, stroke, etc. This study aims to construct a model for the spread of atherosclerosis among human population by considering relapse and linear treatment rates. The model was then analyzed analytically and numerically. Analytical study reveals the existence and local stability criteria of the equilibrium points, determine the basic reproduction numbers and investigate the existence of bifurcations of the constructed model using the center-manifold theorem. Some numerical simulations were conducted for some possible prevention scenarios in the field.
Ethanol eDNA Reveals Unique Community Composition of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Compared to Bulk Tissue Metabarcoding in a Biomonitoring Sampling Scheme

Freshwater ecosystems provide essential ecosystem services and support biodiversity; however, their water quality and biological communities are influenced by adjacent agricultural land use. Aquatic macroinvertebrates are commonly used as bioindicators of stream conditions in freshwater biomonitoring programs. Sorting benthic samples for molecular identification is a time-consuming process, and this study investigates the potential of ethanol-collected environmental DNA (eDNA) for metabarcoding macroinvertebrates, especially for common bioindicator groups. The objective of this study was to compare macroinvertebrate composition between paired bulk tissue and ethanol eDNA samples, as eDNA could provide a less time-consuming and non-destructive method of sampling macroinvertebrates. We collected benthic samples from streams in Ontario, Canada, and found that community composition varied greatly between sampling methods and that few taxa were shared between paired tissue and ethanol samples, suggesting that ethanol eDNA is not an acceptable substitute. It is unclear why we did not detect all the organisms that were preserved in the ethanol, or the origin of the DNA we did detect. Furthermore, we also detected no difference in community composition for bioindicator taxa due to surrounding land use or water chemistry, suggesting sites were similar in ecological condition.
Phylogenetic diversity of two geographically overlapping lichens: isolation by distance, environment, or fragmentation?

Phylogenetic diversification is a precursor to speciation, but the underlying patterns and processes are not well‐studied in lichens. Here we investigate what factors drive diversification in two tropical, morphologically similar macrolichens that occupy a similar range but differ in altitudinal and habitat preferences, testing for isolation by distance (IBD), environment (IBE), and fragmentation (IBF).
Carbonic anhydrase is involved in calcification by the benthic foraminifer Amphistegina lessonii

Abstract. Marine calcification is an important component of the global carbon cycle. The mechanism by which some organisms take up inorganic carbon for the production of their shells or skeletons, however, remains only partly known. Although foraminifera are responsible for a large part of the global calcium carbonate production, the process by which they concentrate inorganic carbon is debated. Some evidence suggests that seawater is taken up by vacuolization and participates relatively unaltered in the process of calcification, whereas other results suggest the involvement of transmembrane transport and the activity of enzymes like carbonic anhydrase. Here, we tested whether inorganic-carbon uptake relies on the activity of carbonic anhydrase using incubation experiments with the perforate, large benthic, symbiont-bearing foraminifer Amphistegina lessonii. Calcification rates, determined by the alkalinity anomaly method, showed that inhibition of carbonic anhydrase by acetazolamide (AZ) stopped most of the calcification process. Inhibition of photosynthesis either by 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) or by incubating the foraminifera in the dark also decreased calcification rates but to a lesser degree than with AZ. Results from this study show that carbonic anhydrase plays a key role in biomineralization of Amphistegina lessonii and indicates that calcification of those perforate, large benthic foraminifera might, to a certain extent, benefit from the extra dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), which causes ocean acidification.
Tectonic Evolution of the Meso-Tethys Ocean: Insights from Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Jurassic ophiolitic complex in the Asa area, central Tibet

ABSTRACT Although voluminous Jurassic ophiolites have been reported along the Bangong–Nujiang Suture Zone (BNSZ), the tectonic setting of ophiolites and the Jurassic evolution history of the Meso-Tethys Ocean remain mysterious. This study presents petrological, geochronological and geochemical data for newly discovered Jurassic ophiolitic complex in the Asa area, the Shiquanhe–Namco Ophiolite sub-belt (SNO sub-belt) of BNSZ. Detailed geological investigations and zircon U-Pb dating reveal that the Jurassic ophiolitic complex are composed of a suite of Mid-Late Jurassic (165–158 Ma) ophiolite and Early Jurassic gabbros (ca. 190 Ma). The Early Jurassic gabbros show affinities with island arc tholeiitic (IAT) basalts, which were derived from depleted mantle sources modified by oceanic slab-derived fluids and formed in a forearc settings. The Mid-Late Jurassic ophiolite mainly consists of peridotites, cumulate gabbros, isotropic gabbros, plagiogranites and greenschists. Whole-rock geochemical and zircon Hf isotopic data suggest that the Mid-Late Jurassic ophiolite formed in an intra-oceanicisland arc setting. Together, the Asa ophiolitic complex document magmatic processes from forearc extension to the development of intra-oceanicisland arc, confirming the occurrence of intra-oceanicsubduction system within the Meso-Tethys during the Jurassic. We tend to regard that both northward intra-oceanicsubduction and ocean–continent subduction were initiated during the Early Jurassic in the Meso-Tethys. During Mid-late Jurassic, a northward intra-oceanicarc–back-arc basin system developed in the Meso-Tethys, along with a continental forearc spreading basin resulting from northward ocean-continental subduction beneath the South Qiangtang terrane, producing the complex Jurassic ocean structure of the Meso-Tethys.
On the stability of sets for reaction–diffusion Cohen–Grossberg delayed neural networks

In this paper, we introduce the notion of stability of sets for reaction-diffusion Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with time-varying delays. The Lyapunov–Razumikhin technique and a comparison principle are adapted to prove the new stability criteria. In addition, the obtained results are extended to the uncertain case, and the robust stability notion is also investigated. Examples are considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of our results.
Bayesian Inference Is Unaffected by Selection: Fact or Fiction?

Abstract The problem considered is that of making inferences about the value of a parameter vector based on the value of an observable random vector y that is subject to selection of the form (for a known subset S). According to conventional wisdom, a Bayesian approach (unlike a frequentist approach) requires no adjustment for selection, which is generally regarded as counterintuitive and even paradoxical. An alternative considered herein consists (when taking a Bayesian approach in the face of selection) of basing the inferences for the value of on the posterior distribution derived from the conditional (on ) joint distribution of y and . That leads to an adjustment in the likelihood function that is reinterpretable as an adjustment to the prior distribution and ultimately leads to a different posterior distribution. And it serves to make the inferences specific to settings that are subject to selection of the same kind as the setting that gave rise to the data. Moreover, even in the absence of any real selection, this approach can be used to make the inferences specific to a meaningful subset of y-values.
A Diagnostic Test to Measure Students Physics Data Literacy Skills During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The industrial revolution 4.0 and the COVID-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia requires all elements of education to apply online-based learning. The existence of information technology really supports the continuity of online learning. One of the supporting factors is data literacy ability. The assessment instrument diagnostic is important in providing information related to students' data literacy skills. This study aims to determine the suitability of an instrument in providing the expected information. The feasibility of the instrument includes the validity, reliability, and difficulty of each item. This test instrument consists of 6 indicators with 5 alternative answers. The test was conducted on 71 students of the MIPA Class. The validity of the instrument content was analysed using the Aiken V equation, while the empirical validity, the difficulty level of the items, and the reliability of the instrument were analysed using the QUEST program. The results of the analysis show that the validity of the instrument content and the empirical validity of the instrument are valid and reliable. Test instruments can be applied to students with low to high abilities. In general, the percentage of measurement results shows that the average data literacy ability of students is moderate.
Potential Environmental Impacts of Hydrogen-based Transportation and Power Systems

A model of hydrogen dynamics in the troposphere and stratosphere has been developed. The model is intended to complement more complex three-dimensional models, such as GATORGCMOM (Jacobson, 2009). The model presented here, while unable to simulate the wide array of processes parameterized in numerical three-dimensional models, can simulate atmospheric hydrogen mixing ratios over time periods that extend from well into the past to well into the future (for example, from the beginning of the industrial revolution to the end of the 21 century) in a matter of minutes while at the other extreme, GATOR-GCMOM can take weeks of real time to simulate a decade. The simplified model can predict how atmospheric hydrogen mixing ratios will be affected by conversion to an alternative hydrogen economy (e.g., to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles). Model verification and validation tests have been completed, and are reported here as well. Multiple sources and sinks of hydrogen are included in the global model. The model also predicts the total atmospheric burden and lifetime of hydrogen. The historical period from 1992 to present shows that the model can predict the recent hydrogen mixing ratios in the troposphere, (approximately 531 ppbv globally averaged). Hypothetical market conversion scenarios are simulated, and predicted hydrogen mixing ratios have been simulated up to the end of the 21 century. Introduction Research over the past decade on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) has been carried out to examine whether HFCVs can provide a low carbon alternative to gasoline powered vehicles. Several researchers have voiced concerns that the amount of fugitive hydrogen released to the atmosphere would substantially increase, primarily by leakage into the troposphere from production, distribution and storage of hydrogen and could adversely impact the stratosphere. Tromp et al. (2003) estimated 10% to 20% of the amount of molecular hydrogen anthropogenically generated could be leaked into the troposphere, which is equivalent to between 60 and 120 Tg/year, assuming a 100 percent change in the future of all technologies based on oil or gasoline. Tromp et al. predict these emission increases, and associated atmospheric chemistry reactions, could cause tropospheric hydrogen concentrations to increase
Mathematical modeling of electrodeposition

Mathematical modeling of electrodeposition is a process that yields information about the plating system of interest. The process consists of first determining the composition of the plating bath of interest by using thermodynamic information. The second step consists of specifying or determining the electrochemical reactions that occur on the electrodes and the chemical reactions that occur on the electrodes and in the bath. The third step consists of specifying the governing equations (material balance equations) for the concentrations of the species in the bath. Next, reaction-rate expressions must be specified for the electrochemical reactions that occur at the electrodes. Finally, the geometry of the plating bath must be specified. Since the material balance equations for species in the bath depends on fluid flow, the flow conditions in the tank must be specified. In some cases, the material balance equations for the concentration of species in the bath and the momentum balance equations for the fluid flow must be solved simultaneously because the electrodeposition process can give rise to density changes at the surface of the working electrode. These density changes cause the hydrodynamics in the bath to change. Sparging and stirring of the bath also affect the flow conditions at the work piece. The hydrodynamic effects are sometimes lumped together and described by a hydrodynamic boundary layer. Similarly, the mass-transfer effects in plating baths are often lumped together and represented by a diffusion layer. These concepts of boundary layers and diffusion layers have been used to simplify the mathematical modeling of electrodeposition.