Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Non-Hydrostatic Hydrodynamic Solution Using a Novel Free-Surface Boundary Condition

Hydrodynamic models based on the RANS equation are well-established tools to simulate three-dimensional free surface flows in large aquatic ecosystems. However, when the ratio of vertical to horizontal motion scales is not small, a non-hydrostatic approximation is needed to represent these processes accurately. Increasing efforts have been made to improve the efficiency of non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic models, but these improvements require higher implementation and computational costs. In this paper, we proposed a novel free-surface boundary condition based on a fictional sublayer at the free-surface (FSFS). We applied the FSFS approach at a finite difference numerical discretization with a fractional step framework, which uses a Neumann type of boundary condition to apply a hydrostatic relation in the top layer. To evaluate the model performance, we compared the Classic Boundary Condition Approach (CBA) and the FSFS approach using two numerical experiments. The experiments tested the model’s phase error, capability in solving wave celerity and simulate non-linear wave propagation under different vertical resolution scenarios. Our results showed that the FSFS approach had a lower phase error (2 to 5 times smaller) than CBA with a little additional computational cost (ca. 7% higher). Moreover, it can better represent wave celerity and frequency dispersion with 2 times fewer layers and low mean computational cost (CBA δ t = 2.62 s and FSFS δ t = 1.22 s).
Identifying Significant Cost-Influencing Factors for Sustainable Development in Construction Industry Using Structural Equation Modelling

Construction projects are typically conducted in a complex and dynamic environment in which the accumulation of many interrelated factors causes high uncertainty. Many factors may have negative effects on construction projects and thus cause project cost overruns. The aim of this study is to identify significant cost-influencing factors for sustainable development in construction. Considering the effects of economic and environmental factors on project cost is indeed a challenging task due to the shortage of appropriate methodology. This study examines the relationships between cost-influencing factors and construction project cost by using a structural equation model based on the generalized maximum entropy (GME) and Bayesian estimation methods. The advantages of GME and Bayesian methods are discussed, and results obtained from the statistical analysis are provided for illustration. The results can enhance cost performance through the identification and evaluation of the cost-influencing factors. The improved project performance is considered as an important step to transit into a sustainable development in construction. The sustainable development may greatly affect the emission reduction target of the industry.
Role of awareness in strengthening the relationship between stakeholder management and project success in the construction industry of Pakistan

Abstract Project is considered to be successful when it complies by the constraints like; time, cost and budget. With the evolution of Project Management Knowledge areas, stakeholder management and engagement have become an integral part of Project Management as it imposes great threats and opportunities to a Project. Pakistan is a developing country and Infra-structure industry has gained a lot of stakeholder attention these days. Project based organizations here, strive to achieve success by incorporating best stakeholder management and engagement practices. This study aimed to measure the impact of stakeholder management on project success moderated by the awareness of stakeholder management. The study model has been quantitatively evaluated by collecting data from 300 respondents who belong to some of the major private and government construction firms of Pakistan. Structural equation modelling (SEM) has been applied using Smart PLS software after which it has been concluded that the stakeholder management positively impacts the project success and also affirms the positive moderation of awareness. The study Statistically (though SEM) concludes that on increasing stakeholder management’s Awareness of Project teams there is a positive effect on the relationship between Stakeholder management approach and project success. This result is in-line with the literature discussed in this study, which suggest that to increase the chances of project success in projects, better stakeholder management approach is required.
Agonist‐Induced Phosphorylation of the κ‐Opioid Receptor

Abstract: Antipeptide antibodies against the κ‐opioid receptor were used to test whether acute or chronic exposure to κ agonists altered the phosphorylation state of the κ‐opioid receptor. Immunoprecipitation of the κ receptor from guinea pig hippocampal slices preincubated in [32P]orthophosphoric acid revealed a basal phosphorylation of the κ‐opioid receptor. The amount of 32P incorporation into the receptor was increased following a 75‐min treatment with the κ agonist U50,488H. This effect was blocked by the selective κ receptor antagonist norbinaltorphimine. The time course of this change in the phosphorylation state of the receptor correlated with a desensitization of the electrophysiological response to κ agonists measured in the dentate gyrus of hippocampal slices. The phosphorylation state of the κ‐opioid receptor was also elevated in brain slices from guinea pigs made tolerant to U50,488H by 5 days of continuous exposure and then maintained in κ agonist to avoid acute opiate withdrawal. The results of this study show that the κ‐opioid receptor was phosphorylated in an agonist‐dependent manner in brain slices taken from untreated and U50,488H‐tolerant animals.
New genotype classification and molecular characterization of canine and feline parvoviruses

Background Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia (FPV) cause severe intestinal disease and leukopenia. Objectives In Korea, there have been a few studies on Korean FPV and CPV-2 strains. We attempted to investigate several genetic properties of FPV and CPV-2. Methods Several FPV and CPV sequences from around world were analyzed by Bayesian phylo-geographical analysis. Results The parvoviruses strains were newly classified into FPV, CPV 2-I, CPV 2-II, and CPV 2-III genotypes. In the strains isolated in this study, Gigucheon, Rara and Jun belong to the FPV, while Rachi strain belong to CPV 2-III. With respect to CPV type 2, the new genotypes are inconsistent with the previous genotype classifications (CPV-2a, -2b, and -2c). The root of CPV-I strains were inferred to be originated from a USA strain, while the CPV-II and III were derived from Italy strains that originated in the USA. Based on VP2 protein analysis, CPV 2-I included CPV-2a-like isolates only, as differentiated by the change in residue S297A/N. Almost CPV-2a isolates were classified into CPV 2-III, and a large portion of CPV-2c isolates was classified into CPV 2-II. Two residue substitutions F267Y and Y324I of the VP2 protein were characterized in the isolates of CPV 2-III only. Conclusions We provided an updated insight on FPV and CPV-2 genotypes by molecular-based and our findings demonstrate the genetic characterization according to the new genotypes.
Stomatal frequency and distribution on the inflorescence of Triticum aestivum

Stomatal distribution and frequency on the lemma, palea, glume, and awn were determined by counting the stomata per unit area on the various components of the wheat spikelet. Stomata occurred in rows on the abaxial surface of the lemmas and glumes. The portion of the lemma covered by a glume or adjacent lemma did not have stomata. A single row of stomata extended down each side of the crease of the palea. Each awn had two parallel rows of stomata at the base; the rows spiraled up the awn and were reduced to one row at the tip. We found that inflorescence stomata ranged from 15000 to 60000; awn stomata from 100 to 13000; palea stomata, from 2000 to 10000; lemma stomata, from 6000 to 22000; and glume stomata, from 6000 to 20000. Number of stomata per inflorescence represented 3–16% of the flag-leaf stomata/culm. The characterization of 19 cultivars of Triticum aestivum in relation to stomata numbers per inflorescence shows a wide range of variation that may be useful in future breeding programs.
Molecular Docking Study Characterization of Rare Flavonoids at the Nac-Binding Site of the First Bromodomain of BRD4 (BRD4 BD1)

e-N-Acetylation of lysine residues (Kac) is one of the most frequently occurring posttranslational modifications (PTMs) which control gene transcription and a vast array of diverse cellular functions. Bromodomains are epigenetic regulators involved in posttranslational modification. In silico docking studies were carried out to evaluate the binding potential of selected rare flavonoids on to Nac binding site of BD1 domain of BRD4 BET family proteins. Rare flavonoids like 3-O-acetylpinobanksin, naringenin triacetate, and kaempferol tetraacetate were found to occupy the WPF shelf and at the same time they exhibited a better binding affinity with multiple crystal structures of first bromodomain BRD4 (BRD4 BD1) when compared with the known inhibitors.
Broccoli growth in response to increasing rates of pre-plant nitrogen. I. Yield and quality

Nitrogen management is critical to the production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. italica Plenck). Field trials were conducted in 2001 and 2002 to determine the rate of pre-plant nitrogen required to optimize broccoli yield and quality. Seven rates of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400 kg N ha-1) as ammonium nitrate were broadcast and incorporated before transplanting two broccoli cultivars, Captain and Decathlon. Maturity of the heads was delayed by 5 d at 0 kg N ha-1 compared with the other rates of applied N. Marketable yield was maximized at 243 to 272 kg N ha-1 for yield expressed in t ha-1 and 171 to 187 kg N ha-1 for yield expressed as cases ha-1. Averaged over cultivar and year the most economical rate of nitrogen (MERN) ranged from 298 to 309 kg ha-1, 50 kg higher than estimates for the maximum marketable yield derived from quadratic plateau models. The incidence of misshapen heads decreased and floret color improved as nitrogen rate increased, but hollow stem and head rot also increased .
The mammary glands of the Red kangaroo with observations on the fatty acid components of the milk triglycerides

The structures and physiology of the mammary glands of the lactating Red kangaroo are the most complex to be found in the class Mammalia. The female Red kangaroo can exhibit, simultaneously, two glands regressing from the tubular condition found at birth, one gland growing and differentiating from the tubular to an alveolar condition supporting a small pouch young, and a fourth in a state of full lactation supplying a young at heel. As lactation proceeds the two regressing glands become quiescent and then later re-differentiate to the oestrus or birth condition independently of the lactating glands. As well as differing anatomically the two lactating glands are very different biochemically; the milk for the sustenance of the pouch young contains a large amount of palmitic and relatively little oleic acid whereas the gland supplying the young at heel secretes a milk with little palmitic and much oleic acid. Summary: The amount of crude lipid in the milk of the Red kangaroo sampled from day 1–4 day to day 360 of lactation tends to increase. The fatty acid complement of the milk fat taken day 1–4 to the 72nd day differed greatly from that taken at 100–360 days. The early milk triglycerides contained on the average 44·2% palmitic acid and 24·1% oleic, whereas in mature milks the proportions were reversed. Short chain fatty acids (C4-C12) were virtually absent which was surprising to find in the milk fat of a herbivore. The Red kangaroo can elaborate simultaneously the two kinds of milk fat just described in two different glands supplying a small pouch young and a large young at heel respectively. It is suggested that early milks containing far more palmitic than oleic acid may only be found in mammals that have very special young such as the echidna, platypus and marsupials. The structure of the mammary gland from the condition found in the very young virgin doe to that of a doe suckling a 312-day young is described. The Red kangaroo has four mammary glands one of which, suckling a small pouch young, differentiates and grows along with growth of the pouch young and produces milk with a high palmitic acid content, another, suckling a young at heel, has large fully differentiated and thin-walled alveoli, while the other two (non-suckled) show progressive regression from the condition at birth, followed by redifferentiation at c. 128th day of lactation, both activities being independent of the activities of the lactating glands.
Influence du charbon actif sur la croissance primaire des plantules de pin gris

In the boreal forest, the beneficial effect of wildfire on germination substrates has often been linked to the adsorption by charcoal of phenolic compounds detrimental for seedling germination and growth. Our goal was to show that active charcoal has direct positive effects on germination and early growth of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) plantlets, a species well adapted to fire. Four concentrations of active charcoal (0%, 50%, 100%, and 150% seed mass) along with two temperatures (26-27 °C and 18-20 °C) were tested in vitro, in Petri dishes, under constant moisture conditions. Results showed that adding active charcoal to the substrate had no significant effect on jack pine seed germination but inhibited plantlet growth at concentrations over 100%. Significant growth increase was observed only with 50% charcoal at the highest temperature (26-27 °C). Deformities were noted at the apex of radicles, particularly with low temperatures and high levels of active charcoal in the substrate.
Dealing with the unknown. A proposal for a method for redistributing skeletons of unknown sex and age in an assemblage

One of the first jobs for any bone specialist examining an assemblage is to assign an age at death and a sex to the individual skeletons. Having done so, he or she will then construct a table in which the number of skeletons in each of the age and sex categories is shown. An example is shown in table 1, based on the published account of the assemblage from Barton-on-Humber in Lincolnshire ( Waldron, 2007a ). It can be seen that there are a substantial number of skeletons for which neither the sex nor the age (or both) can be determined. None of the sub-adults has been given a sex, since there are no wholly reliable ways to sex the juvenile skeleton as the skeleton is not sufficiently dimorphic before the onset of puberty; there are several skeletons which have been given an age but no sex; and a considerable number of adults (446 or about 16% of the total) for which neither age nor sex could be assigned. The number of 'known unknowns' in this assemblage is high but by no means unusual, and, in general, is directly related to the state of preservation; the poorer the preservation, the greater the number of skeletons that cannot be given an age or a sex.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN PENGGUNAAN PLATFORM WHATSAPP GROUP DAN WEBINAR ZOOM DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH PADA MASA PANDEMIK COVID 19

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar matematika mana yang lebih baik, dengan whatsapp group atau webinar zoom dan seberapa efektifnya kedua Platform tersebut dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi experiment dengan desain pretest-postest nonequivalent multiple-group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa semester 2 yang mengambil mata kuliah Matematika Ekonomi di Universitas Bina Bangsa dan dipilih 2 kelompok yaitu kelas 2J-MAN dan 2K-MAN yang mempunyai karakteristik hampir sama dilihat dari nilai rata-rata UTS. Data hasil belajar mahasiswa diperoleh dari hasil ujian tengah semester (UTS) kedua kelompok setelah perlakuan, data kemudian diolah dengan uji perbedaan rata-rata Uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar matematika kedua kelas sama sebelum diberi perlakuan dan hasil belajar matematika kedua kelas berbeda setelah diberi perlakuan atau dengan kata lain kelas yang diberikan Perlakuan Webinar Zoom lebih baik dari pada kelas yang diberikan Perlakuan WA Group.
River Channel Forms in Relation to Bank Steepness: A Theoretical Investigation Using a Variational Analytical Method

Riverbanks vary considerably in anti-scourability and consequently take various profiles. By using an isosceles trapezoid as the generalized form of river channel cross-sections and then incorporating the effects of bank angle into the variational analytical approach developed by Huang and Nanson (2000), this study presents a detailed theoretical investigation of the self-adjustment of alluvial channel forms. It is demonstrated that when alluvial channel flow achieves stable equilibrium, a significant decrease in riverbank steepness leads to a slight decrease in maximum sediment (bedload) discharge, and yet results in a significant increase in optimal channel width and a considerable decrease in optimal channel depth. The hydraulic geometry relations, theoretically derived for bank steepness to vary across a wide range, show that among the multivariant controls, the roles of bed sediment size, channel roughness, flow discharge and sediment (bedload) discharge are independent of bank steepness. While the effects of bank steepness illustrated in the theoretically derived hydraulic geometry relations are highly consistent with the results of threshold theory and previous empirical studies, limitations on using bank angle to reflect the anti-scourability of natural riverbanks are also highlighted.
Variação espacial e temporal da precipitação no Estado do Pará

Estudos sobre a climatologia das precipitacoes no Estado do Para sao essenciais para o planejamento das atividades agricolas. A variacao da precipitacao anual e sazonal no Estado do Para foi analisada com base em series historicas de 23 anos (1976-1998) de dados diarios de chuva. A analise foi realizada para 31 localidades do Estado do Para, sendo os resultados representados em mapas com a utilizacao de tecnicas de sistemas de informacoes geograficas (SIG). A variabilidade da precipitacao anual e sazonal foi caracterizada com base no coeficiente de variacao e no indice de variabilidade interanual relativo. A variacao desses coeficientes para a precipitacao anual no Estado do Para foi de 15 a 30%. As caracteristicas mensais da estacao chuvosa, em termos de inicio, fim e duracao, foram determinadas utilizando-se o criterio proposto por KASSAM (1979). A variacao entre as datas de plantio precoces e tardias corresponderam aos decendios identificados pelos dias julianos 309319 e 353363, respectivamente.
Effects of fish oil type, lipid antioxidants and presence of rapeseed oil on oxidative flavour stability of fish oil enriched milk

As a part of our ongoing experiments on optimization of the oxidative stability of fish oils in genuine food systems, this study investigated the oxidative deterioration of fish oil enriched milk emulsions during cold storage. The experimental data showed that addition of rapeseed oil to fish oil (1:1) prior to emulsification into milk significantly protected the emulsions against oxidative deterioration. Addition of propyl gallate and a citric acid ester to the fish oil prior to emulsification also protected the fish oil enriched milk during storage. Emulsions containing a rapeseed:fish oil mixture were oxidatively stable during 11 d at 2 °C. Thus, no additional inhibitory effect of the added antioxidants was observed. The peroxide value and concentrations of five selected volatiles derived from n-3 PUFA degradation in rapeseed:fish oil mixture emulsions were not significantly different from the corresponding levels in neither the emulsion containing only rapeseed oil nor the milk. It is proposed that the tocopherols in rapeseed oil may be the protective factor. Three-way chemometric exploratory data analysis was implemented in form of a parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). The PARAFAC model provided an overview of the obtained data with significantly enhanced interpretability, and revealed information about groupings and correlations in our data.
3D-printed Biomimetic Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvarial Defects

The pore geometry of scaffold intended for the use in the bone repair or replacement is one of the most important parameters in bone tissue engineering. It affects not only the mechanical properties of the scaffold but also the amount of bone regeneration after implantation. Scaffolds with five different architectures (cubic, spherical, x, gyroid, and diamond) at different porosities were fabricated with bioactive borate glass using the selective laser sintering (SLS) process. The compressive strength of scaffolds with porosities ranging from 60% to 30% varied from 1.7 to 15.5 MPa. The scaffold’s compressive strength decreased significantly (up to 90%) after 1-week immersion in simulated body fluids. Degradation of scaffolds is dependent on porosity, in which the scaffold with the largest surface area has the largest reduction in strength. Scaffolds with traditional cubic architecture and biomimetic diamond architecture were implanted in 4.6 mm diameter full-thickness rat calvarial defects for 6 weeks to evaluate the bone regeneration with or without bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). Histological analysis indicated no significant difference in bone formation in the defects treated with the two different architectures. However, the defects treated with the diamond architecture scaffolds had more fibrous tissue formation and thus have the potential for faster bone formation. Overall, the results indicated that borate glass scaffolds fabricated using the SLS process have the potential for bone repair and the addition of BMP-2 significantly improves bone regeneration.