Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic Efficiency of Mango Cultivator in The Southern Vietnam

The paper employed a Cobb-Douglas and translog of stochastic frontier profit function to measure the level of economic efficiency and its determinants. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 1,889 of sampling observations (591 for season 1, 678 for season 2, and 620 for season 3) randomly selected from designated locations in the study area. Difference of the study compared to past researches related to tropical fruits analyzed efficiency of three seasons instead of only focusing on efficiency of one season or total a year. The study established a mean economic efficiency of 26.19% in season 1, 27.15% in season 2, and 24.62% in season 3. The paper found out positive determinants of economic efficiency were farming experience, wrapping bag, market access among three seasons; education in season 1 and plant density in season 1 and 2. By contrast, the constraints to profit of mango producers were age, and payment for agro-input wholesale on ending of season in three seasons; credit access and classifying sale in first and second seasons; education in second and third seasons; plant density in season 3. Based on these findings, policy makers should focus on effective inputs models that would boost profit efficiency through conducting regular workshops and orchard demonstrations on using input materials effectively. More so, farmers should design mango gardens with appropriate trees density as well as encourage gardeners to use bags for wrapping mango fruits in farming in order to increase economic efficiency.
Impact of the first COVID-19 wave on surgical training in Flanders: are we losing competence?

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has tremendously impacted the healthcare system and residency programs worldwide. Surgical residents were redeployed to COVID-19 units, whereas education and scientific didactics were reduced. The aim of this study is to identify the impact of COVID-19 on Flemish surgical residents’ education, personal life and volume of performed surgeries. Methods A cross-sectional retrospective survey on educational and personal impact during the first COVID-19 wave was administered anonymously to all surgical residents in Flanders. A quantitative comparison of performed surgeries during this period and the same period a year earlier was conducted. Results A total of 193 surgical residents (46%) completed the survey. 63% of residents were no longer admitted to multidisciplinary oncologic meetings and 107 (55%) residents had no longer any scientific theoretical meetings at all. Almost one in two residents (46%) indicated more than 50% reduction in time in the operating theater and one in three (31%) residents were involved in care for COVID-19 positive surgical patients. Seventy-eight percent of the residents experienced a negative impact on their surgical training and 41% experienced a negative influence on their private situation. Performed surgical cases during the COVID-19 period were on average 40% less for second, third- and fourth-year residents. Conclusion Surgical residents perceived a high negative impact on personal and professional lives during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Flanders. Education and training programs were cancelled and volume of performed surgeries decreased tremendously. Policymakers and surgical program coordinators should ensure surgical education during further evolution of this and future pandemics.
Australian non-domestic buildings policy as an international exemplar

The Australian policy approach, based on the NABERS energy performance benchmarking scheme for commercial offices, is promoted as a ‘success story’ and is of interest to governments internationally. This paper explores the evidence for the impacts of the Australian approach on energy use and carbon emissions, identifies the key elements of its conception, design and implementation, and investigates the role of government. It uses a mixture of literature review, re-analysis of quantitative data and analysis of 30 original stakeholder interviews. The literature suggests that NABERS’ appeal to multiple benefits of energy efficiency and its place in the wider policy mix should help deliver positive results. Analysis of publicly available data has highlighted data gaps. However, evidence suggests significant energy savings have been made, although the attribution to NABERS alone, given the policy mix, is uncertain. The interviews show high levels of agreement that the policy mix has transformed large commercial office buildings. They also highlight the wide range of actors mobilised to deliver this change and the central role of well-designed government intervention and support. The Australian experience is rightly of interest to international governments, but they must recognise that replicating its success requires attention to detail and long-term commitment. Policy relevance The decarbonisation of commercial buildings is challenging and many countries, including the UK, are struggling to make progress. In-use performance benchmarking policies such as NABERS are considered to be effective by engaging with industry and promoting the multiple benefits of energy efficiency. The lessons from the Australian experience help to identify four key policy design features for governments to consider: (1) political leadership, adequate financial resources and people with the right engineering and market skills and experience; (2) an in-use performance benchmark designed to allow industry to innovate and aligned with the way both buildings and energy managers operate; (3) the careful and progressive application of government interventions to tackle poor performance without compromising the voluntary nature of the policy; and (4) a governance model to give industry effective, but measured and proportionate, influence over the design and implementation of the policy.
HYP-FAST trial study protocol: a phase II, single-center, open-label RCT comparing the effect of early time-restricted feeding on blood pressure control versus standard of care in individuals with primary hypertension

: Background : Primary arterial hypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease globally and significantly impacts public health. It is hypothesized that 16:8 early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) bolsters blood pressure management. To date, there are no randomized trials evaluating its benefits in the treatment of hypertension as a primary outcome. Objective: To determine if eTRF combined with lifestyle modifications is superior to the standard lifestyle modifications treatment of primary hypertension recommended by the 2018 European hypertension guidelines. Methods: This will be a superiority, parallel, open-label, randomized, phase II trial carried out in a single center in Zurich, Switzerland. Participants between 30 and 60 years of age, recently diagnosed with high normal and grade I hypertension will be randomly assigned to the eTRF 18:6 plus lifestyle modifications group or the standard lifestyle interventions group. The primary outcome will be the difference between the mean systolic blood pressure at eight weeks with the baseline measurement. Discussion: This will be the first trial to evaluate the effects of intermittent fasting in patients with primary hypertension. Potential limitations include patient compliance to the intervention. However, in a previous study, self-reported adherence was observed in 1128 of 1351 participants (83.50%). In addition, this study seeks strategies to improve adherence. Conclusion: We hope that this trial directs other authors to carry out future studies aiming for higher external validity and evaluation of long-term effects of intermittent fasting for the treatment of primary hypertension.
Screening for Tolerance-Resistance to Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Grafted and Ungrafted Cucurbit Rootstocks

as well as melon Hybrid London genotype against root-knot nematode infection. Ungrafted and grafted rootstocks i.e. Nun 6001, Squash No3, Super Shintosa, Flixel Fort, Ferro RZ, Coplt, Bottle gourd were classified as tolerant to M. incognita infection whereas melon genotype Hybrid London and Pakistani Loof rootstock ranked as susceptible hosts. Grafted cucurbit rootstocks i.e. Nun 6001 and Ferro RZ, gave the higher plant survival rate and growth parameters compared to ungrafted ones and the rest of rootstocks and melon genotype. Number of galls, females, and egg masses of M. incongita were significantly suppressed in ungrafted and grafted rootstocks compared to melon plant Hybrid London. All the rootstocks differed in their ability to stimulate peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, and phenol content. The study revealed that grafting melon plants onto all the previous tolerant rootstocks is an effective tool that may enable the susceptible melon scion to tolerate M. incognita which leads to an increase in plant survival rate and growth parameters.
Portraying Teacherâ€™s Metacognitive Knowledge to Promote EFL Young Learnersâ€™ Critical Thinking in Indonesia

Teaching English as a foreign language to young learners in Indonesia requires specific strategies because young learners have different characteristics compared to adults. It demands English teachers to have sufficient metacognitive knowledge to promote studentsâ€™ critical thinking skills. Therefore, this research paper presents findings on teacherâ€™s metacognitive knowledge to promote EFL young learners critical thinking. A case study was employed involving one class of fifth-grade students with one English teacher and three instruments to collect data, namely classroom observation, interview, and document analysis. The data analysis was done by referring to the theory of metacognitive knowledge and stages in promoting critical thinking in EFL classroom. The findings reveal that the teacher performed three types of metacognitive knowledge, such as person, task, and strategic knowledge. These types of knowledge determined teacherâ€™s strategy in running the class. It was indicated from the teacherâ€™s statement showing that metacognitive knowledge guide herself through what, why, and how to implement learning strategies and predict outcomes by considering studentsâ€™ needs and characteristics. Consequently, the students were able to analyze, evaluate, compare, contrast, and construct new information from their previous knowledge and experience.Keywords: Critical thinking, EFL young learners, English language learning, Indonesian educational context, Teacherâ€™s metacognitive knowledge
Derivational Morphology in Urdu: A Lexical Morphology Approach

From the theoretical perspective of lexical morphology (LM), this paper analyzes neutral and non-neutral affixes and their general organizational position in the morphology of derived words in Urdu. It explores the properties and behavior that Urdu affixes exercise during their attachment or insertion into roots/bases to produce new words, to question the assumptions of LM. Nine hundred and eighty sample words were randomly selected from our observations, articles in Urdu newspapers, and Urdu news television channels in Pakistan. While LM helps a lot regarding the analysis of neutral and non-neutral affixes, its assumptions concerning the hierarchical organization of affixes in derived word-formations do not correspond with the morphology of words in Urdu. This paper contributes as an initial step toward formulating a theory of the morphology of derived words in Urdu – a language rarely theoretically analyzed regarding the morphology of its derived words.
Motivation And Perception To Support Purchasing Decisions In “Cafe & Resto Benteng Buah Naga”, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia

“Cafe & Resto Benteng Buah Naga” (“Dragon Fruit Fortress Cafe & Resto”) presents an innovation based on dragon fruit products, then the initial perception will determine consumer's motivation to visit the place. The research purposed to determine the consumer’s characteristics and to state the influence of motivation and perception on purchasing decisions. The research was conducted at “Cafe & Resto Benteng Buah Naga” in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province. The sampling method was accidental sampling with 100 respondents. The data analysis used was path analysis. The results show that the majority of respondents were women (68%) with the status as a student who has an income maximum IDR 1,000,000. The motivation variable partially affects the purchase decision, as it obtains a sig value of 0.036 which means < 0.05. Variable perception obtains a sig value of 0.000 which means < 0.05, partially significant effect also on the purchase decision. It could be concluded that the consumer’s motivation and perception influence purchasing decisions at “Cafe & Resto Benteng Buah Naga”. The advice given is that “Cafe & Resto Benteng Buah Naga” continues to develop more dragon fruit-based product variants and become their special menu at the restaurant.
Interface Joint Strength between SS316L Wrought Substrate and Powder Bed Fusion Built Parts

Metal powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) builds metal parts layer by layer upon a substrate material. The strength of this interface between the substrate and the printed material is important to characterize, especially in applications where the substrate is retained and included in the finished part. Ensuring that this interface between the original and the printed material has adequate material properties enables the use of this PBF AM process to repair existing structures and create new parts using both AM and conventional manufacturing. This paper studies the tensile and torsional shear strengths of wrought and PBF-built SS316L specimens and compares them to specimens that are composed of half wrought material and half PBF material. These specimens were created by building new material via PBF onto existing wrought SS316L blocks, then cutting the specimens to include both materials. The specimens are also examined using optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The PBF specimens consistently exhibited higher strength and lower ductility than the wrought specimens. The hybrid PBF/wrought specimens performed similarly to the wrought material. In none of the specimens did any failure appear to occur at or near the interface between the wrought substrate and the PBF material. In addition, most of the deformation in the PBF/wrought specimens appeared to be limited to the wrought portion of the specimens. These results are consistent with optical microscopy and EBSD showing smaller grain size in the PBF material, which correlates to increased strength in SS316L due to the Hall–Petch relationship. With the strength at the interface meeting or exceeding the strength of the original wrought material, this process shows great promise as a method for adding additional features or repairing existing structures using metal PBF AM.
Postsecondary Entrance Examinations in Nigeria: A Critical Analysis of the Design and Predictive Validity of the Tripartite Assessment System

Admission into post-secondary education requires the fulfillment of specific standards or criteria by prospective candidates. Criteria include, but are not limited to, standardized examinations, resumes, intent statements, tests, interviews, etc. In Nigeria, prospective students must pass three examinations as part of the admission process into post-secondary programs. Reports suggest these examinations lack the best design features and have very low predictive validity in student success in post-secondary programs and their job roles after graduation. This paper critically evaluates the design features of SSCE, UTME, and PUTME in the context of Nigeria and their predictive validity towards student learning and success as graduates. Implications of the Nigerian post-secondary entrance assessment system are discussed. Recommendations are offered from two jurisdictional models to improve the current status of the tripartite post-secondary entrance assessment system in Nigeria.
Remaining Useful Life Prediction of MOSFETs via the Takagi–Sugeno Framework

The paper presents a new method of predicting the remaining useful life of technical devices. The proposed soft computing approach bridges the gap between analytical and data-driven health prognostic approaches. Whilst the former ones are based on the classical exponential shape of degradation, the latter ones learn the degradation behavior from the observed historical data. As a result of the proposed fusion, a practical method for calculating components’ remaining useful life is proposed. Contrarily to the approaches presented in the literature, the proposed ensemble of analytical and data-driven approaches forms the uncertainty interval containing an expected remaining useful life. In particular, a Takagi–Sugeno multiple models-based framework is used as a data-driven approach while an exponential curve fitting on-line approach serves as an analytical one. Unlike conventional data-driven methods, the proposed approach is designed on the basis of the historical data that apart from learning is also applied to support the diagnostic decisions. Finally, the entire scheme is used to predict power Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistors’ (MOSFETs) health status. The status of the currently operating MOSFET is determined taking into consideration the knowledge obtained from the preceding MOSFETs, which went through the run-to-failure process. Finally, the proposed approach is validated with the application of real data obtained from the NASA Ames Prognostics Data Repository.
Principle Transformational and Intructional Leadership Styles to Create Effective Schools: A Literature Review

The literature review was conducted to determine the transformational leadership style and instructional leadership of school principals to effective schools in various countries in the world including Indonesia. The study used the literature review method by examining journal articles about transformational leadership styles and instructional principals towards effective schools. The results of this literature review show that effective schools are positively influenced by transformational and instructional leadership styles in various countries including Indonesia. This finding only analyzes journal articles. This finding will provide stakeholders with information on the findings implying the importance of the principal transformational and instructional leadership style in creating effective schools.
Shift in seasonal snowpack melt-out date due to light-absorbing particles at a high-altitude site in Central Himalaya

Abstract. Snow darkening by deposited light-absorbing particles (LAP) has the potential to accelerate snowmelt and shift the snow melt-out date. Here we investigate the sensitivity of the seasonal snow cover duration to changes in LAP at a high altitude valley site in the Central Himalayas, India. First, the variation of the albedo of the seasonal snow was emulated using two seasons of automatic weather station (AWS) data and applying a constant, but realistic deposition of LAP to the snow. Then, the number of days with snowmelt were evaluated based on the estimated net energy budget of the seasonal snow cover and the derived surface temperature. The impact on the energy budget by LAP combined with the melt-day analysis resulted in very simple relations to determine the contribution of LAP to the number of days with snowmelt of the seasonal snow in Himalaya. Above a concentration of 1 ng g-1 (Elemental Carbon equivalent, ECeq, which in this study includes EC and the absorption equivalent EC contribution by other light absorbing particles, such as mineral dust) in new snow, the number of days with snowmelt can be estimated by; days=0.0109(log⁡(〖EC〗_eq )+1)PP±0.0033(log⁡(〖EC〗_eq )+1)PP, where PP is the seasonal precipitation in mm snow water equivalent. A change in ECeq by a factor of two corresponds to about 1/3 of a day per 100 mm precipitation. Although the change in the number of days with melt caused by the changes in ECeq is small, the estimated total change in the snow melt-out date by LAP can be significant. For our realistic base case scenario for the Sunderdhunga Valley, Central Himalayas, India, of ECeq=100 ng g-1 and PP=400 mm, this yields in an advancement of the melt-out date of about 13 days.
Tuberculosis and bacterial co-infections in children

Tuberculosis is a major public health problem nowadays without a change to be eliminated in many regions. The study aim was to evaluate the bacterial co-infections diagnosed in children with TB, in a hospital in the eastern part of Romania. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 37 children diagnosed with TB and various bacterial co-infections and admitted in a pediatric hospital in Galati County, Romania, between 2014 and 2017. Results: In our study group characterized by the mean age of 10.40, with a male/female report = 0.94, a predominance of children aged 12-17 (45.94%), and no cases were recorded in 0-1 year of age group, the most frequent localization of TB lesions was pulmonary TB primoinfection (45.86%), bacterial pneumonia was the main co-infection in children with TB (64.86%), then bacterial acute bronchitis (28.73%) and gastroenteritis (5.41%). Conclusions: Our study evidenced that bacterial pneumonia was the most frequently diagnosed co-infection in children with TB (64.86%). The most frequent bacterial co-infections pathogens were E. coli (32.43%), S. pneumoniae (27.03%), and K. pneumoniae (21.62%) and the length of stay between 4 days and 92 days.
Effect of concentration and date of spraying with trace elements on growth and yield of cotton plant ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)

This study was conducted in the fields of the Cotton Research Unit / Technical Agricultural College / Mosul, to study the effect of three concentrations of the trace element composition (0, 1.25, 2.5) ml / liter and three spraying dates (the vegetative growth stage, the flowering stage and the boll formation stage) on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of vegetative growth and yield of Lashata cultivar cotton plant. The seeds were sown at 15/4/2018 in mixed soil by adopting the design of complete random design. RCBD with three replicates and one experimental unit contained ten homogeneous plants. The results were analyzed and tested according to the Duncan polynomial test under the level of error probability of 5%. The results of this study showed a significant effect of the trace elements in most of the studied characteristics. Especially when adopting the spraying date in the vegetative growth stage as the vegetative growth characteristics increased (plant height, number of nodes until the first fruit branch, number of vegetative branches, number of fruiting branches) and quantity yield characteristics (number of bolls, weight of the existing boll, seed index, cotton yield Cast iron) and qualitative yield characteristics (staple index, percentage of hair, earliness percentage) and the interaction coefficients between spray concentrations and dates compared to control treatment.