Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary vitamin E and partial replacement of poly‐ with monounsaturated fat on fatty acid patterns of backfat and intramuscular fat in heavy pigs (Iberian × Duroc)

The effects of partial replacement of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) on fatty acid profiles of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat and rheological properties of fat were studied in heavy pigs. No effect of dietary fat was observed on total saturated fatty acids proportion in outer and inner backfat layers or intramuscular neutral and polar lipids. The partial substitution of dietary PUFA by MUFA produced a rise in MUFA of intramuscular polar lipids (p < 0.01) but neutral lipids were not affected. Moreover, it also decreased (p < 0.01) the n-6 proportion of outer and inner backfat layers and intramuscular polar lipids, but no effect was observed for the n-6 in the intramuscular neutral lipids. No significant effect of dietary fat treatment was observed on n-3 fatty acids in outer and inner backfat layers, but the partial substitution of PUFA by MUFA increased (p < 0.01) the n-3 proportion of intramuscular lipid fractions and the consequent decreased in the n-6/n-3 ratio in all lipid location. Significant effects of dietary vitamin E were observed on springiness, cohesiveness and adhesiveness of backfat inner layer. However, consistency was not affected by dietary fat. Further research is needed to establish the effects of different ranges of dietary oil combination in the feeding of heavy pigs.
Antioxidant activity of berry phenolics on human low-density lipoprotein and liposome oxidation

The antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds present in berries was investigated by two copper-catalyzed in vitro oxidation assays: human low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and lecithin liposomes. The amount of total phenolics varied between 617 and 4350 mg/kg in fresh berries, as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). In LDL at 10 μM GAE, berry extracts inhibited hexanal formation in the order: blackberries > red raspberries > sweet cherries > blueberries > strawberries. In lecithin liposomes, the extracts inhibited hexanal formation in the order: sweet cherries > blueberries > red raspberries > blackberries > strawberries. Red raspberries were more efficient than blueberries in inhibiting hydroperoxide formation in lecithin liposomes. HPLC analyses showed high anthocyanin content in blackberries, hydroxycinnamic acid in blueberries and sweet cherries, flavonol in blueberries, and flavan-3-ol in red raspberries. The antioxidant activity for LDL was associated directly with anthocyanins and indirectly with flavo.
Nationality and Gender Biases in Multicultural Online Learning Environments: The Effects of Anonymity

Online learning environments eliminate geographical barriers and enable new forms of collaboration between students at large scale. Self-presentation within such environments affects how students interact with learning content and with each other. We explore how anonymity/identifiability in user profile design impacts student interactions in a large multicultural classroom across two geographical locations. After triangulating 150,000 online interactions with questionnaires and focus groups, we provide three major findings. First, being identifiable had a significant impact on how students accessed and rated content created by their peers. Second, when identifiable, cultural differences became more prominent, leading some students to avoid content created by classmates of certain nationalities. Finally, when students interacted with their real identities, there were significant and negative gender effects which were absent when students were anonymous. These findings contribute to our understanding of social dynamics within multicultural learning environments, and raise practical implications for tool design.
Others' Images: Online Social Media, Architectural Improvisations, and Spatial Marginalization in Bangladesh

This paper joins the growing body of work in postcolonial computing in HCI, and critically examines the impacts of online social media on the urban architecture in the Global South. Based on our nine-month long ethnography at eight residential areas in Dhaka, Bangladesh, this paper reports how online fame drives local users to produce digital images of their houses mimicking various Western standards, which in turn, brings changes to the organization, aesthetics, and functions of domestic spaces. This paper also describes how such digital image mediated transformations to local architecture are diminishing traditional spaces, altering their usual functions, and limiting the movement of many women inside their home. Drawing from a rich body of literature in postcolonialism, critical image theory, architecture, and Islamic feminism, we explain how these practices demonstrate a subaltern experience of using social media in the Global South. We further discuss design implications to both HCI and architecture to address these issues, and connect our findings to the broader agendas of HCI around social justice and global development.
"My Library Has Just Been Obliterated": Producing New Norms of Use Via Software Update

Software updates are commonly perceived as tools for fixing flaws and improving functionality. In this paper, we problematise this view by showing how software updates may also be used by vendors to create new norms of use that control user behaviour and reduce their agency. We explore the nature and aftermath of a controversial software update that was released by Spotify in June 2019. By analysing almost 3,500 reactions to this update, we show how it removed and modified several features in ways that severely affected users' capability to organise, navigate, and maintain their music libraries, while it pushed modes of listening that delegate song selection to Spotify. Elaborating upon our results, we discuss how updates may be used as political tools that privilege certain forms of behaviour while restricting others. We also portray updates as sites where ongoing struggles and negotiations regarding user agency and digital ownership take place.
Characterizing Human vs. Automated Coaching: Preliminary Results

Some have argued that human skills and abilities are essential to effective health coaching and cannot be replicated by conversational agents. We sought to understand the differences in interaction patterns between two group of participants. In one group, participants messaged with a wizard-of-oz (woz) conversational health coach. In the other group, participants messaged with an actual health coach who was given the same script as the agent, but encouraged to deviate from the script when necessary. We found that conversational patterns differed between the groups, with longer conversations in the human coach group. However, participants were not more likely to respond to messages from the human coach than the woz agent, and were more likely to proactively message the woz agent than the human coach. We discuss implications for the design of conversational health coaches.
Genetic Diversity of Wild and Hatchery Lake Trout Populations: Relevance for Management and Restoration in the Great Lakes

Abstract The biological diversity of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in the upper Great Lakes was historically high, consisting of many recognizable morphological types and discrete spawning populations. During the 1950s and 1960s, lake trout populations were extirpated from much of the Great Lakes primarily as a result of overfishing and predation by the parasitic sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus. Investigations of how genetic diversity is partitioned among remnant wild lake trout populations and hatchery broodstocks have been advocated to guide lake trout management and conservation planning. Using microsatellite genetic markers, we estimated measures of genetic diversity and the apportionment of genetic variance among 6 hatchery broodstocks and 10 wild populations representing three morphotypes (lean, humper, and siscowet). Analyses revealed that different hatchery broodstocks and wild populations contributed disproportionally to the total levels of genetic diversity. The genetic affinities of hatchery l.
Successful breeding at one year of age by red kites Milvus milvus in southern England

This paper presents the first data on individually tagged male and female Red Kites Milvus milvus breeding at 1 year old and is validated by genetic fingerprinting. The data were collected during 1989 to 1994 when Red Kite nestlings were translocated to, and released in, southern England as part of a re-establishment project. A total of 23 1-year-old Red Kites attempted to breed in southern England from 1991 to 1994, of which three pairs, each composed of at least one yearling bird, reared five young. We conclude that habitat quality is ultimately the main influence that determines whether Red Kites can breed and how well they breed. However, individual experience, climate and competition with other Red Kites for nesting territories probably influence the age at which an individual can breed in a particular habitat.
How Relevant is Hick's Law for HCI?

Hick's law is a key quantitative law in Psychology that relates reaction time to the logarithm of the number of stimulus-response alternatives in a task. Its application to HCI is controversial: Some believe that the law does not apply to HCI tasks, others regard it as the cornerstone of interface design. The law, however, is often misunderstood. We review the choice-reaction time literature and argue that: (1) Hick's law speaks against, not for, the popular principle that 'less is better'; (2) logarithmic growth of observed temporal data is not necessarily interpretable in terms of Hick's law; (3) the stimulus-response paradigm is rarely relevant to HCI tasks, where choice-reaction time can often be assumed to be constant; and (4) for user interface design, a detailed examination of the effects on choice-reaction time of psychological processes such as visual search and decision making is more fruitful than a mere reference to Hick's law.
"Human, All Too Human": NOAA Weather Radio and the Emotional Impact of Synthetic Voices

The integration of text-to-speech into an open technology stack for low-power FM community radio stations is an opportunity to automate laborious processes and increase accessibility to information in remote communities. However, there are open questions as to the perceived contrast of synthetic voices with the local and intimate format of community radio. This paper presents an exploratory focus group on the topic, followed by a thematic analysis of public comments on YouTube videos of the synthetic voices used for broadcasting by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio. We find that despite observed reservations about the suitability of TTS for radio, there is significant evidence of anthropomorphism, nostalgia and emotional connection in relation to these voices. Additionally, introduction of a more "human sounding" synthetic voice elicited significant negative feedback. We identify pronunciation, speed, suitability to content and acknowledgment of limitations as more relevant factors in listeners' stated sense of connection.
Better Because It's New: The Impact of Perceived Novelty on the Added Value of Mid-Air Haptic Feedback

Mid-air haptic (MAH) feedback, providing touch feedback through ultrasound, has been considered an attractive substitute for the absence of physical touch during gesture-based interaction. Although the impact of MAH feedback on workload has already received some attention, the impact on other qualities of the user experience, including general attractiveness and experienced pleasure have been less investigated. In this preregistered study, involving 32 participants, we observed an added value of MAH feedback, on top of visual feedback, by increasing the attractiveness and experienced pleasure during gesture-based interaction, but not by decreasing workload. The added value regarding pleasure and attractiveness disappeared however after statistically controlling for perceived novelty. This paper highlights the importance of statistically controlling for novelty when testing the user experience of new technology during first-time use.
Let's Draw: Detecting and Measuring Parkinson's Disease on Smartphones

Spiral drawing has been utilized for years as a clinical tool to observe tremors and other abnormal movements in the assessment of different movement disorders. Specifically, in Parkinson's Disease (PD), patients' motor functionalities are measured by various tests, and spiral drawing is one of the proven techniques for assessing the severity of PD motor symptoms. Traditionally, this test is performed on pen and paper, and visually assessed by a clinician. There have been successful efforts for digitizing this test on tablets. Here, we describe a smartphone-based digitized version of the spiral drawing test. Moreover, we introduce a square-shaped drawing to solve an identified challenge of a smaller screen estate: finger occlusion while drawing. Both approaches are evaluated with 8 Parkinson's Disease patients and 6 age-matching control participants. Based on earlier studies and our data, we select suitable motion parameters for quantifying the task. Our results show an observable, statistically difference in performance between users with Parkinson's Disease and the control group in drawing accuracy.
Emotional Maps for User Experience Research in the Wild

While most traditional user experience (UX) evaluation methods (e.g., questionnaires) have made the transition to the "wild", physiological measurements still strongly rely upon controlled lab settings. As part of an ongoing research agenda, this paper presents a novel approach for UX research which contributes to this transition. The proposed method triangulates GPS and physiological data to create emotional maps, which outline geographical areas where users experienced specific emotional states in outdoor environments. The method is implemented as a small portable recording device, and a data visualization software. A field study was conducted in an amusement park to test the proposed approach. Emotional maps highlighting the areas where users experienced varying levels of arousal are presented. We also discuss insights uncovered, and how UX practitioners could use the approach to bring their own research into the wild.
The feeding behavior of Trichogramma brassicae: new evidence for selective ingestion of solid food

A descriptive study of the feeding behavior and structures of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was conducted. Based on direct observational and biochemical evidence, larvae feed predominantly on particulate materials, starting ca. 25 h post‐oviposition. Feeding lasted for ca. 9 h, at 25±1 °C. During this feeding period the shape of the larvae changed from vermiform to pyriform and then to sacciform, resulting in a ca. 40‐fold increase in body size. Larvae used elaborate feeding behaviors as they pulled solid food particles to their oral opening, broke small particles from larger ones, and took the particles into the stomodaeum, which is a powerful pump. In the stomodaeum, peristaltic movement further macerated the particles, which eventually passed through the cardiac valve into the midgut. As indicated by changes in fluorescently labeled casein, digestive enzymes aid in the extra‐oral chemical digestion of food. The contents of the gut, during and shortly after feeding, were almost entirely closely packed solid particles. The behavioral activity of feeding larvae centered almost exclusively on processing and ingesting solid food particles. The rapid larval growth is much more plausibly explained by their feeding on the highly concentrated nutrients found in solid foods, rather than the extensive concentration required if dilute liquids were the principal source of nutrients. The implications of these findings for the development of practical artificial diets are discussed.
Learning Through Exploration: How Children, Adults, and Older Adults Interact with a New Feature-Rich Application

Feature-rich applications such as word processors and spreadsheets are not only being used by adults but increasingly by children and older adults as well. Learning these applications is challenging as they offer hundreds of commands throughout the interface. We investigate how newcomers from different age groups explore the user interface of a feature-rich application to determine, locate, and use relevant features. We conducted an in-lab observational study with 10 children (10-12), 10 adults (20-35) and 10 older adults (60-75) who were first-time users of Microsoft OneNote. Our results illustrate key exploration differences across age groups, including that children were careful and performed as efficiently as the adults, whereas older adults spent a longer time and repeated sequences of failed selections. Further, their exploration style was negatively influenced by their past knowledge of similar applications. We discuss design interventions to accommodate these exploration differences and to improve software onboarding for newcomers.
Crafting Personal Information - Resistance, Imperfection, and Self-Creation in Bullet Journaling

Bullet journals are hand-written and self-created combinations of calendar, journal and planner. Central to this practice is how personal information is managed through a craft-based process. Based on a qualitative study, we discuss a set of themes that emerged in our analysis of this practice. We discuss how open-ended use of various materials for crafting of personal information engages in: 1) deliberate and strategic boundary work of what information to include and how combinations of data provide holistic and novel views of practitioner's life situations; 2) processes of self-creation and reflection on personal life trajectories; 3) appreciation of ourselves and the world around us as imperfect; and 4) ways of resisting the "business-like efficiency" that come with the large quantities of information that permeate contemporary life. We propose that this opens up new directions for thinking about how technologies of personal information may come into play in people's lives.
FLORA

Floorplanning is a mandatory step in the design of hardware accelerators for FPGA platforms, especially when adopting dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR). This paper presents FLORA, an automated floorplanner based on optimization via Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP). The floorplanning problem is solved by means of a novel fine-grained modeling strategy of FPGA resources. Furthermore, differently from other proposals, our approach takes into account several realistic Partial Reconfiguration (PR) floorplanning constraints on FPGAs. FLORA was compared against state-of-the-art floorplanners by means of benchmark suites, showing that it is capable of providing better performance in terms of resource consumption, maximum inter-region, wire-length, and running time required to produce the solutions. Finally, FLORA was utilized to generate placements for a partially-reconfigurable video processing engine that was implemented on a Xilinx Zynq-7020.
Sketch-based Video&A#58; Storytelling for UX Validation in AI Design for Applied Research

User Experience (UX) Design of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications that assist knowledge-intensive tasks are usually the result of an iterative and fuzzy process. Although the combination of state-of-the-art technology with human expertise is undoubtedly valuable in the industry context, designing a user-centered tool that fits in the everyday activities of knowledge workers – supporting and augmenting their potential – is not a trivial work. User research uncovers pain points and opportunities, bringing the insights that inspire designers and Human Computer Interaction (HCI) experts. It allows a clear understanding of the context, which is the essence of a consistent interaction experience. Nevertheless, revealing the UX of the application and how AI in this context reshapes knowledge workers' everyday tasks is not straightforward and might also be an iterative process. In this paper, we present findings from a case study of the use of a storytelling method to design and validate the UX of AI assistants for the Oil & Gas industry by using an animated sketch-based video.
Effects of Credibility Indicators on Social Media News Sharing Intent

In recent years, social media services have been leveraged to spread fake news stories. Helping people spot fake stories by marking them with credibility indicators could dissuade them from sharing such stories, thus reducing their amplification. We carried out an online study (N = 1,512) to explore the impact of four types of credibility indicators on people's intent to share news headlines with their friends on social media. We confirmed that credibility indicators can indeed decrease the propensity to share fake news. However, the impact of the indicators varied, with fact checking services being the most effective. We further found notable differences in responses to the indicators based on demographic and personal characteristics and social media usage frequency. Our findings have important implications for curbing the spread of misinformation via social media platforms.
Costly melanin ornaments: the importance of taxon?

Summary 1Experimental work in vertebrates shows that different forms of coloration – particularly carotenoid-based vs melanin-based ornaments – are differentially sensitive to stressors such as diet manipulations and parasitic infections. Comparative work also shows that historical patterns of ornament evolution depend on the proximate mechanisms of colour production. 2Based on the results from vertebrates, it has been argued that melanin-based ornaments may not be good indicators of quality because, unlike carotenoid-based ornaments, melanin pigments can be synthesized from amino acid precursors, and therefore melanin synthesis is unlikely to be costly. 3However, there is evidence for costly melanin synthesis in insects, which use melanin in some ways that vertebrates do not. Differences across taxa in the costs of melanin synthesis challenge the generality of the hypotheses relevant to these ornaments. 4In general, all pigment-based ornaments are a function of precursor intake and processing. Differences in costs of melanin synthesis across taxa may reflect differences in one or both of these parameters. 5I urge communication between researchers working on related questions in disparate taxa (vertebrates and invertebrates). This should facilitate the discovery of the most fundamental aspects of colour ornament evolution.
DataQuilt: Extracting Visual Elements from Images to Craft Pictorial Visualizations

Recent years have seen an increasing interest in the authoring and crafting of personal visualizations. Mainstream data analysis and authoring tools lack the flexibility for customization and personalization, whereas tools from the research community either require creativity and drawing skills, or are limited to simple vector graphics. We present DataQuilt, a novel system that enables visualization authors to iteratively design pictorial visualizations as collages. Real images (e.g., paintings, photographs, sketches) act as both inspiration and as a resource of visual elements that can be mapped to data. The creative pipeline involves the semi-guided extraction of relevant elements of an image (arbitrary regions, regular shapes, color palettes, textures) aided by computer vision techniques; the binding of these graphical elements and their features to data in order to create meaningful visualizations; and the iterative refinement of both features and visualizations through direct manipulation. We demonstrate the usability of DataQuilt in a controlled study and its expressiveness through a collection of authored visualizations from a second open-ended study.