Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ Perceptions about Student Management in State Junior High School, Palembang City

The purpose of this study was to examine how teachers at SMP Kota Palembang view student management in terms of admitting new students, documenting student data, grouping students, and coaching students. Obtained 150 samples from a population of 300 teachers or 50%. The research tool is a questionnaire using a likert scale which has been proven valid and reliable. The average score (mean) is used for data analysis. Based on research findings, state junior high school students are well managed, the results of the overall research implementation of student management in Palembang City Public Middle School. This is marked by an overall average score of 76% in the good category.
Advancements in the Treatment of CLL: The Rise of Zanubrutinib as a Preferred Therapeutic Option

Simple Summary Due to improved selectivity and favorable toxicity profiles, the next-generation Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) are replacing ibrutinib in the treatment of B-cell malignancies including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). While efficacy between different BTKi agents is probably similar, there are important differences in toxicity profiles (including lower incidences of cardiovascular complications) that favor the choice of second-generation BTKis such as zanubrutinib. Updates in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and German CLL treatment algorithm and approvals from both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) support zanubrutinib as a preferred option for the treatment of both treatment-naïve and relapsed/refractory CLL patients irrespective of patient fitness. Abstract Ibrutinib, the first-in-class Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi), is a commonly deployed therapeutic option for previously untreated and relapsed/refractory (R/R) patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The use of ibrutinib is, however, partially limited by off-target side effects. Zanubrutinib (zanu) is a second-generation BTKi with enhanced target selectivity and occupancy of the kinase binding site. The SEQUOIA study showed that zanu significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) when compared to bendamustine–rituximab (BR) in treatment-naive CLL patients. More recently, data from the phase III ALPINE trial, which directly compared zanu with ibrutinib, demonstrated that zanu’s advantages include an improved safety profile as well as enhanced clinical efficacy. Based on the results of the SEQUOIA and ALPINE pivotal trials, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) licensed zanu for the treatment of patients with CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) in January 2023. The updated (v2.2023) National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and the most recent German CLL algorithm suggest that zanu may replace first-generation BTKis as a preferred therapeutic option for patients with CLL/SLL due to its increased selectivity for the kinase binding site, improved therapeutic efficacy, and favorable toxicity profile. Some drug class-related characteristics such as drug resistance, low complete remission (CR) rates, and indefinite treatment duration still remain with zanu, and the results from recently completed and ongoing fixed-duration clinical trials, combining zanu with an anti-BCL2 agent, are eagerly awaited with the possible promise of a reduced treatment duration and lower financial burden.
Pheromone and Host Plant Odor Detection in Eastern Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Simple Summary The spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) is a major defoliating pest of coniferous trees in North America. In recent decades, substantial advances in pheromone-mediated trapping and mating disruption technologies have provided researchers with renewed hope for novel population control strategies of C. fumiferana. While the chemical ecology of spruce budworm is continually being studied, a detailed study of the antennal sensilla in adults has yet to be completed. In this research, we review the state of knowledge of C. fumiferana chemical ecology and behavioral responses to chemical stimuli. Further, extracellular single sensillum recordings (SSR) were used to determine the response of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the antennal sensilla of male and female C. fumiferana to host plant volatiles, and female sex pheromones with a range of concentrations. Together, these data will improve knowledge of mechanisms by which adult C. fumiferana respond to pheromone and host plant volatiles and will provide insights that may improve development of integrated pest management strategies based on the chemical ecology of spruce budworm. Abstract Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens, is an ecologically significant defoliator of spruce and balsam fir in North America. Optimization of semiochemical-mediated control is needed to improve the existing integrated pest management systems such as mating disruption and population estimation. This study used single sensillum recordings (SSR) to identify the responses of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the antennal sensilla of adult male and female C. fumiferana to host plant volatiles, and female sex pheromones. There have been few SSR studies done on spruce budworm, and to our knowledge, the present study represents the first attempt to examine the responses of ORNs from antennal sensilla in response to a range of host and conspecific stimuli. A total of 86 sensilla were characterized and sorted into 15 possible sensillum categories based on odor responses. We observed that specialist sensilla responding to few ligands were more abundant in both male and female than sensilla exhibiting more generalized odorant responses. (E/Z)-11-tetradecenal elicited responses from ORNs from any sensilla which were sensitive to pheromones in both males and females. Female C. fumiferana ORNs were able to detect and physiologically respond to female-produced sex pheromones with the same degree of sensitivity as their male counterparts. Together, these data improve our knowledge of mechanisms by which adult budworms respond to pheromone and host plant volatiles and provide insights that may be complementary to existing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies based on the chemical ecology of spruce budworm.
Hazelnut Skin Waste as a Functional Ingredient to Nutritionally Improve a Classic Shortbread Cookie Recipe

Hazelnut skin (HS) is a byproduct of hazelnut processing (2.5% of total kernel) and becomes a food waste despite its high content of antioxidants, unsaturated fats, and fibers. Classic shortbread cookies have a large worldwide market, even if their nutritional composition does not meet nutritional guidelines due to the high content of saturated fats. In the present study, after the nutritional evaluation of four different HS varieties, 5% and 10% ratios of HS of the Tonda Gentile Romana variety were integrated into a classic shortbread cookie recipe, proportionally replacing the butter amount with the unsaturated fats naturally present in HS. The 10% HS addition determined a 20% increase in the monounsaturated oleic acid and a 15.7% decrease in the saturated palmitic acid, in addition to a significant ash increase. The sensory analysis revealed higher consumer acceptance of the 5% formulation, with scores comparable to the control. Although the 10% formulation obtained lower scores for consumer acceptance, 35% of the interviewed population said they would purchase it, indicating that this product, beyond the ethical dimension of using a food waste matrix to promote the circular economy, can attract the commercial interest of part of the population.
Sleep Profiles in Eating Disorders: A Scientometric Study on 50 Years of Clinical Research

Sleep and diet are essential for maintaining physical and mental health. These two factors are closely intertwined and affect each other in both timing and quality. Eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, are often accompanied by different sleep problems. In modern society, an increasing number of studies are being conducted on the relationship between eating disorders and sleep. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of this field and highlight influential papers as well as the main research domains in this area, a scientometric approach was used to review 727 publications from 1971 to 2023. All documents were retrieved from Scopus through the following string “TITLE-ABS ((“sleep” OR “insomnia”) AND (“anorexia nervosa” OR “bulimia nervosa” OR “binge eating” OR “eating disorder*”) AND NOT “obes*”) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”))”. A document co-citation analysis was applied to map the relationship between relevant articles and their cited references as well as the gaps in the literature. Nine publications on sleep and eating disorders were frequently cited, with an article by Vetrugno and colleagues on nocturnal eating being the most impactful in the network. The results also indicated a total of seven major thematic research clusters. The qualitative inspection of clusters strongly highlights the reciprocal influence of disordered eating and sleeping patterns. Researchers have modelled this reciprocal influence by taking into account the role played by pharmacological (e.g., zolpidem, topiramate), hormonal (e.g., ghrelin), and psychological (e.g., anxiety, depression) factors, pharmacological triggers, and treatments for eating disorders and sleep problems. The use of scientometric perspectives provides valuable insights into the field related to sleep and eating disorders, which can guide future research directions and foster a more comprehensive understanding of this important area.
Bayesian Nonparametric Methods For Causal Inference And Prediction

In this thesis we present novel approaches to regression and causal inference using popular Bayesian nonparametric methods. Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) is a Bayesian machine learning algorithm in which the conditional distribution is modeled as a sum of regression trees. We extend BART into a semiparametric generalized linear model framework so that a portion of the covariates are modeled nonparametrically using BART and a subset of the covariates have parametric form. This presents an attractive option for research in which only a few covariates are of scientific interest but there are other covariates must be controlled for. Under certain causal assumptions, this model can be used as a structural mean model. We demonstrate this method by examining the effect of initiating certain antiretroviral medications has on mortality among HIV/HCV coinfected subjects. In later chapters, we propose a joint model for a continuous longitudinal outcome and baseline covariates using penalized splines and an enriched Dirichlet process (EDP) prior. This joint model decomposes into local linear mixed models for the outcome given the covariates and marginals for the covariates. The EDP prior that is placed on the regression parameters and the parameters on the covariates induces clustering among subjects determined by similarity in their regression parameters and nested within those clusters, sub-clusters based on similarity in the covariate space. When there are a large number of covariates, we find improved prediction over the same model with Dirichlet process (DP) priors. Since the model clusters based on regression parameters, this model also serves as a functional clustering algorithm where one does not have to choose the number of clusters beforehand. We use the method to estimate incidence rates of diabetes when longitudinal laboratory values from electronic health records are used to augment diagnostic codes for outcome identification. We later extend this work by using our EDP model in a causal inference setting using the parametric g-formula. We demonstrate this using electronic health record data consisting of subjects initiating second generation antipsychotics. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Epidemiology & Biostatistics First Advisor Jason A. Roy
Numerical investigation on blade-wake interaction noise - Toward a better understanding of BWI mechanics

The capability of short wave instabilities developing near rotor tip vortex cores of being the main source of BWI noise is investigated. In this aim, a numerical simulation of these instabilities is performed considering a simplified wake geometry. The aerodynamic fields are extracted to determine the blade pressure response using unsteady compressible airfoil theory. Finally a loading noise computation is performed. All the results obtained from these computations are compared to HART II experimental data and a good qualitative agreement is found.
Comparison of the Ability of Artificial-Intelligence-Based Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) Systems and Endoscopists to Detect Colorectal Neoplastic Lesions on Endoscopy Video

Artificial-intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have developed remarkably in recent years. These systems can help increase the adenoma detection rate (ADR), an important quality indicator in colonoscopies. While there have been many still-image-based studies on the usefulness of CAD, few have reported on its usefulness using actual clinical videos. However, no studies have compared the CAD group and control groups using the exact same case videos. This study aimed to determine whether CAD or endoscopists were superior in identifying colorectal neoplastic lesions in videos. In this study, we examined 34 lesions from 21 cases. CAD performed better than four of the six endoscopists (three experts and three beginners), including all the beginners. The time to lesion detection with beginners and experts was 2.147 ± 1.118 s and 1.394 ± 0.805 s, respectively, with significant differences between beginners and experts (p < 0.001) and between beginners and CAD (both p < 0.001). The time to lesion detection was significantly shorter for experts and CAD than for beginners. No significant difference was found between experts and CAD (p = 1.000). CAD could be useful as a diagnostic support tool for beginners to bridge the experience gap with experts.
Online tangible robot programming: interactive automation method from teleoperation of manipulation task

Teleoperated robots are introduced to hospitals, restaurants and factories and are expected to learn the task from human-teleoperated data. The automation methods from teleoperation, as known as Programming by demonstration (PbD) or imitation learning, are recently proposed increasingly, but they are focused on simple task, and training phase and execution phase should be separated. In this paper, we propose online and interactive automation method from teleoperation, online tangible robot programming, for object manipulation with multiple procedures and physical contacts. We focus on target-objects' states, split the task into motion sequences based on the states' change, and program the order of motion sequences with tangible user interface. We also implement the user interruption for mode switching, and a user can switch between autonomous and teleoperation modes and correct the programmed motion orders while continuing the task execution. For the evaluation, we did the real-world experiments with dual-arm robot and demonstrate the usefulness and efficiency of online tangible robot programming by switching from autonomous mode to teleoperation mode and immediately programming and modifing the task procedures of the box rotating and piling tasks with two arms. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of essential oils extracted from Dialium guineense

ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore the chemical composition and biological properties of Dialium guineense essential oils derived from its fruit and leaf. These oils have significant potential as natural alternatives in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The research involved extraction, characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial evaluations. The fruit essential oil contained 30 identified compounds, with hexadecanoic acid as the major component. The leaf essential oil had 44 identified compounds, with falcarinol as the predominant compound. Antioxidant capacity was assessed, resulting in a total antioxidant capacity of 70.4 μg/g AAE for the fruit essential oil and 40 μg/g AAE for the leaf essential oil. In the hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, the fruit essential oil demonstrated an IC50 value of 347.7 ± 0.5 μg/mL, while the leaf essential oil exhibited an IC50 value of 931.7 ± 0.6 μg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against various microorganisms. The fruit essential oil showed significant efficacy against S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and C. albicans. The leaf essential oil displayed effectiveness against S. pneumoniae, E. coli, and E. faecalis. Both essential oils inhibited biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. Molecular docking analysis revealed that compounds in the leaf essential oil had higher binding affinity for LasR, which correlated with superior anti-biofilm activity. These findings suggest that the essential oils from D. guineense have therapeutic potential in combating various diseases.
Effects of the Encapsulating Resin on the Junction Temperature of the QFN16 and QFN32 Electronic Packages Subjected to Free Convection

ABSTRACT The junction temperature of the quad flat no-lead with 16 and 32 leads (QFN16 and QFN32) electronic packages subjected to free convection is highly affected by their encapsulating resin's thermal conductivity. This study considers a variation of this conductivity between −80% and +100% of the average value measured on an industrial prototype by means of the Transient Plane Source method. The three dimensional numerical solution based on the control volume formulation shows that the thermal trend is of exponential type for these components but with different functions. The proposed relationships allow the calculation of the junction temperature of both QFN16 and QFN32 according to the power generated varying between 0.1 and 1W, and the inclinations relative to the horizontal plane in the range 0–90° (horizontal and vertical positions respectively). The law governing the influence of conductivity on the junction temperature shows that a more conductive resin does not significantly lower the junction temperature. However, for low conductivity values, the temperature can exceed the maximum recommended by the manufacturers, causing possible malfunction of the QFN and altering its technical performance that are directly related to its thermal state. In some cases, the device can be decommissioned.
Computers as a Source of A Posteriori Knowledge in Mathematics

ABSTRACT Electronic computers form an integral part of modern mathematical practice. Several high-profile results have been proven with techniques where computer calculations form an essential part of the proof. In the traditional philosophical literature, such proofs have been taken to constitute a posteriori knowledge. However, this traditional stance has recently been challenged by Mark McEvoy, who claims that computer calculations can constitute a priori mathematical proofs, even in cases where the calculations made by the computer are too numerous to be surveyed by human agents. In this article we point out the deficits of the traditional literature that has called for McEvoy’s correction. We also explain why McEvoy’s defence of mathematical apriorism fails and we discuss how the debate over the epistemological status of computer-assisted mathematics contains several unfortunate conceptual reductions.
Total Controllability of the Second Order Semi-Linear Differential Equation with Infinite Delay and Non-Instantaneous Impulses

In this manuscript, a stronger concept of exact controllability called Total Controllability has been introduced. Sufficient conditions have been established for the total controllability of the proposed problem. The proposed control problem is a second-order semi-linear differential equation with infinite delay and non-instantaneous impulses. The tools for study include the strongly continuous cosine family and Sadovskii’s fixed point theorem. The cosine family and the nonlinear function associated with the system are assumed to be non-compact. In addition, the total controllability of an integrodifferential problem has been investigated. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the analytical findings.
Repetitive negative thinking mediates the relationship between experiential avoidance and emotional distress among South African university students

The psychological processes contributing to emotional distress among university students in South Africa have not been extensively researched. The current study sought to examine the mediating role of repetitive negative thinking on the relationship between experiential avoidance and student emotional distress. A convenience sample of 419 students from a large public university in South Africa participated in this study. The results indicated that experiential avoidance and repetitive negative thinking positively predict emotional distress. Furthermore, repetitive negative thinking partially mediates the interaction between experiential avoidance and emotional distress. These findings highlight the importance of targeting experiential avoidance and repetitive negative thinking in the alleviation and management of emotional distress among students in the South African higher education environment.
Improved Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)Composites through the Formation of 3D Filler Foam Using Freeze-Casting and Annealing Processes

The configuration of a continuous and oriented thermal pathway is essential for efficient heat dissipation in the oriented direction. Three-dimensional (3D) conductive filler structures provide a suitable approach for constructing continuous thermal pathways in polymer-based composites. The aluminum nitride/reduced graphene oxide/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (AlN/rGO/PDMS) composite material is made with a 3D foam structure and focuses on reducing GO and forming foam via polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). We analyze the successful fabrication of hybrid fillers and composites using various methods. The fabricated composite with a 3D network filler foam achieves a through-plane thermal conductivity of 1.43 W/mK and achieves 752% higher thermal conductivity compared to pure PDMS, which is superior to composites without 3D foam. The continuous 3D filler structure via freeze-drying and annealing processes provides efficient thermal dissipation in the through-plane direction pathway, which is critical for enhancing thermal conductivity. Therefore, this work produces a polymer composite material with improved thermal conductivity through various processes.