Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Temperature on the Composition and Properties of Poly[(alkylamino)borazine] Precursor to Boron Nitride

A novel poly[(alkylamino)borazine] (PPAB) precursor to boron nitride (BN) was synthesized and the effect of synthesis temperature (Tsyn) on its composition and properties was investigated. The results showed that with elevation of temperature, the precursor turned from a colorless transparent liquid to a yellow foamed solid. The softening point (Ts) can be adjusted according to the equation Ts = 1.43Tsyn – 125.7, in which the Tsyn was between 130°C and 170°C. The PPAB was composed of B, C, N, and H elements and the C content in PPAB decreased gradually with an increase of Tsyn. The soluble and fusible precursor, with a softening point of 95°C, provided good processability into polymer fibers. The weight loss of PPAB in N2 can be divided into three ranges: below 240°C, 240∼700°C, and 700∼1200°C. The ceramic yield of PPAB was improved from 43 wt% to 55 wt%, when the Tsyn was elevated from 110°C to 190°C. Furthermore, the residue from PPAB pyrolyzed under N2 showed characteristic IR spectra of hexagonal BN.
ExLing 2020

This eye-tracking experiment investigated how morphological case affects German speakers’ descriptions of transitive events, specifically whether explicit case marking modulates speakers’ structural choices. To increase the production of non-canonical structures (passive, patient-initial active), we primed patients in event scenes with a red dot. Subject and object case in German are unambiguously marked on masculine nouns but not on feminine nouns. If explicit case marking requires more structural planning, we should find an effect of gender. For feminine nouns, speakers may start with the cued patient and continue with a passive or a patient-initial active sentence. However, analyses of syntactic choice, speech onset times and eye gaze revealed that gender and thus case marking had no effect on sentence planning.
Host-Guest Supramolecular Chemistry of Dendritic Macromolecules

Dendritic macromolecules are three-dimentional polymers with branch-on-branch topology of which dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers (HPs) are the two most researched subclasses. This paper reviews the recent progress of host-guest supramolecular chemistry in terms of various HPs and dendrimers. Because of the highly branched structure and the presence of internal space and binding sites, dendritic macromolecule can serve as host to encapsulate multiple guests, just like a highly branched “tree” accommodating multiple “bird's nests”. Core-shell structure made by functionalization of dendritic polymer core with shielding shell of opposite polarity is usually needed to obtain a stable host-guest complex. Their encapsulation capacities are dependent on various factors, such as core size or molecular weight, polarity difference between core and shell, interaction strength between core and guests, shell density, and so on. Dendritic polymer-based host-guest encapsulation can be applied in many fields including phase-transfer, noncovalent functionalization, metal nanoparticle growth, and biological imaging.
Characterization and Mechanical Properties of the ZA-12 Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Nano Ceramic Particles

In this work, nanosized Boron nitride and silicon carbide reinforced ZA - 12 matrix hybrid composites were produced using stir casting technique with using of aluminum scrap (AA 2024), pure Al (electrical wires) and zinc scraps. Microstructure Observation was revealed by using scanning electron microscopy, and the analysis showed a uniform distribution of (SiC and BN) hybrid nanoparticles for the Zn-Al matrix. Also, an optical microscope was used to display the dendritic structure and reinforcement particles that dispersed uniformly in the matrix. Mechanical tests results confirmed that the hardness and the compression was increased with increasing the hybrid nanoparticle's percentage, whereas the wear rate decreased as the reinforcing materials increased. Since nanoparticles restrict dislocation movement, the mechanical properties are enhanced. The improvement ratio in hardness after addition was 26%. , and in wear rate was 24% and for the compression strength the improvement was (19%).
Increased Sirtuin expression, senescence regulating miRNAs, mtDNA, and Bifidobateria correlate with wellbeing and skin appearance after Sirtuin- activating drink

Background: Sirtuins attract high attention considering their properties to reverse molecular hallmarks of aging and age-related disorders. Many secondary plant ingredients (SPI) are known for their sirtuin-activating activities as well as epigenetic regulation of telomers, autophagy, senolysis, DNA repair but also improvement of gut microbiota. Furthermore, prebiotics enhanced butyrate and was shown to interact with SIRT pathways. This study investigated the effects of a drink containing a mix of different SPIs in combination with galactooligosaccharides (G OS) and their effect on SIRT activation, markers of aging relevant mechanisms, and gut microbiota composition in correlation with subjective wellbeing and skin structure appearance. Methods: We analyzed gene expression, mtDNA amount, and microbial composition in response to a sirtuin- activating drink in humans compared to a control group consuming a placebo. Food frequency, beauty, and general health questionnaires were asked, and a set of mRNAs and miRNAs were assessed using qPCR analysis. The gut composition was analyzed using Illumnia sequencing. Results: SPI increased SIRT1 , SIRT3, and modulated cell cycle relevant miR16 and senescence regulating miR34 expression. Additionally, mtDNA amount was higher in the group consuming the active supplement indicating an improved mitochondrial activity. The combined effect of SPI and GOS lead to an increase of Actinobacteria , especially Bifidobacterium, but also Veillonellaceae which was not observed in the control group. Significant correlations between SIRT3 expression and the gut microbiota Bifidobacterium and Veillonellaceae were observed. Additionally, statistical analysis of subjects self-reporting indicated beneficial effects regarding beauty and wellbeing. Conclusion: Our results show that the combination of sirtuins inducing SPI and prebiotic GOS influences molecular pathways counteracting aging, senescence, inflammation, and enhanced groups of gut microbiota which are known to improve the innate and adaptive immune system. Keywords : secondary plant ingredients, prebiotic, Sirtuins, subjective wellbeing, Bifidobacterium
Shifting spacing behaviour of male field voles (Microtus agrestis) over the reproductive season

Spacing behaviour of male field voles was studied by radio-telemetry during spring and autumn. Spacing patterns were different during the two periods with great overlap between ranges in spring, and exclusive ranges during autumn. Regarding movement activity males were stationary and made regular excursions in the surroundings during spring, whereas they continuously moved around in their exclusive ranges during autumn. Contradictory to the theoretical models on male spacing behaviour, the shift in male spacing behaviour could neither be attributed to distribution of females nor to female reproductive synchrony. Instead female density seemed to be the most influential factor, although sex ratio, dominance relations and predation may also be important.
FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMERS’ INTENTION TO PARTICIPATE IN CROP INSURANCE

The objective of this research was to investigate the factors influencing farmers' intention and characteristics of their intent to participate in crop insurance. Therefore, primary data was obtained through questionnaires to 110 farmers in 14 villages in Sliyeg, Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia. The questionnaire was based on the theory of planned behavior framework. However, the data obtained was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling to identify the characteristic and factors influencing their intention to participate in crop insurance by pulling out the latent variable score. The result of this research showed that behaviors are significantly influenced by subjective norms and mostly by intention. The dominant indicators of each variable are the people considered important by respondents, their behavior, and determination to purchase crop insurance. The characteristics of farmers with the highest tendency of intention and behavior compared to other categories are male, aged 60 and above, the level of education is junior high, married with four dependents, land tenant with more than 5 years of farming experience and 20,000 hectares of land.
REPLENISHMENT OF C, N, AND P IN A DEGRADED ALFISOL UNDER HUMID TROPICAL CONDITIONS: EFFECT OF FALLOW SPECIES AND LITTER POLYPHENOLS

The capacity of vegetation fallow to replenish carbon and nutrients in degraded soil is related largely to the nature of the fallow vegetation, particularly the chemical composition. Therefore, a study was conducted at Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria (humid tropics), to look into these relationships using fallow species with varying chemical compositions. The treatments include three woody species, Senna siamea, Acacia leptocarpa and Leucaena leucocephala, planted in 1989, and the natural shrub Chromolaena odorata. A continuous cropping of maize/cassava was maintained as a control (no fallow). Composite surface soil (0–15 cm) at three distances from a tree hedgerow (0.5, 2.0, and 3.5 m) was sampled in 1996 for the determination of soil C and nutrient stocks. Maize and cassava were planted as a test crop of soil productivity after fallowing. Litterbags were placed to determine the N immobilization during the decomposition of fallow leaves. Soil organic C (SOC) within 0–15 cm ranged from 19,100 (continuous cropping) to 26,400 kg ha−1 (Leucaena fallow), whereas total N ranged from 1820 (continuous cropping) to 3110 kg ha−1 (Leucaena fallow). High polyphenols in fallow leaves favored SOC and N accumulation. The amount of potentially mineralizable N was increased from 41 kg ha−1 in continuous cropping to 159 under Leucaena fallow and 176 under Acacia fallow. The percentage increase in mineralizable N stock under fallow was, on average, 5.5 times greater than that in total N, implying that fallow causes change in soil organic matter quality. The available P (Olsen) was 8.6 kg ha−1 in the continuous cropping and ranged from 14.1 kg ha−1 (natural fallow) to 29.2 kg ha−1 (Leucaena fallow). Greater maize and cassava yields were obtained in the fallow plots than in the control during the subsequent cropping. The maize grain yield after fallow could be predicted by the potentially mineralizable N in surface soil (0–15 cm). Leucaena and Acacia are promising species for planted fallows for soil regeneration in the humid tropics. The binding of protein by polyphenols during leaf decomposition, as confirmed by higher N immobilization with the increase in leaf polyphenols, could be the main mechanism in the contribution of polyphenols to SOC and N replenishment in the degraded soil. The study suggests the possibility of stabilizing C and N in tropical ecosystems by manipulating polyphenols in vegetation.
IL-10 Responsiveness and Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Felicia M. Bloemendaal1,2, Charlotte P. Peters1, Anje A. te Velde1,2, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen1, Gijs R. van den Brink1,2,3, Manon E. Wildenberg1,2#, Pim J. Koelink2#* 1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 2Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, AG&M Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 3Current address: Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland #Contributed equally
T. P. Zwane, J. F. Mupangwa and E. Bhebhe: The effects of inclusion of Silverleaf desmodium (Desmodium uncinatum) forage and molasses on napier grass (Pennisetum purpereum) silage quality

Tropical grasses such as Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) have high dry matter yield but are low in protein content. One way of overcoming the low protein of Napier is to combine the grass with herbaceous forage legumes during silage making. Conserving grass-legume forage as silage is an option that alleviates feed constraints during dry periods. The objective of the study was to investigate the fermentation quality and nutritive value of Napier grass ensiled with Silverleaf desmodium (Desmodium uncinatum) forage and molasses as an additive. Existing Napier and Silverleaf forages were harvested, chopped to 2.5 cm pieces and ensiled for eight weeks in mini silos. The legume and grass were mixed in the following ratios 0:100, 20:80 and 50:50, respectively, whilst molasses was added at levels of 3% and 5% (w/w). The pH ranged from 3.86 to 5.03, indicating good fermentation quality of the silage. The best fermentation was observed in 5% molasses and 20% Silverleaf silage which had significantly (P<0.05) the lowest pH of 3.86 whilst Napier alone silage had the highest pH of 5.03. The dry matter content of the silages differed significantly (P<0.05) ranging from 22.58% to 26.18%. The CP content of the Napier alone silage was 7.4 %, which was improved (P<0.05) to 10.85% and 11.37% by the addition of 20% and 50% Silverleaf, respectively. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in the ash and organic matter content of the silages. The crude fibre content was significantly (P<0.05) high in silages containing higher amounts of Silverleaf. The inclusion of molasses improved the fermentation characteristics of Napier grass silage whilst the inclusion of the legume Silverleaf improved the protein content of Napier grass silage.
Secure and Efﬁcient Two-Party Signing 2 Protocol for the Identity-Based Signature 3 Scheme in the IEEE P1363 Standard

6 Abstract— Mobile device and application (app) security are increasing important, partly due to the constant and fast-paced cyberthreat 7 evolution. To ensure the security of communication (e.g., data-in-transit), a number of identity-based signature protocols have been 8 designed to facilitate authorization identiﬁcation and validation of messages. However, in many of these protocols, a user’s private key 9 may leak when a new signature is generated since the private keys are stored on the device. Seeking to improve the security of the 10 private key, we propose a novel two-party distributed signing protocol for the IEEE P1363 standard in this paper. This protocol requires 11 two devices to separately store one part of the user’s private key, and allows these two devices to generate a valid signature without 12 revealing the entire private key of the user. We formally prove the security of the protocol in the random oracle model. Then, we 13 implement the protocol using the MIRACL library and evaluate the protocol on two Android devices. Compared with the protocol of 14 Lindell (CRYPTO’17) that uses zero-knowledge for its security, we demonstrate that our protocol is more suitable for deployment in the 15 mobile environment. 16
Associates of prevalence of depression among urban elderly of Kendujhar district: a study in Odisha, India

Population aging worldwide is the result of demographic transition. The major factors contribute population of aging are reduction in high fertility and mortality along with rapid expansion of medical sciences, leading to an increase life expectancy. The life expectancy at birth in 2000 is 62.5 year and that increase to 66.8 years in 2011; in which there is a shift from low life expectancy to high as consequences a proportional share of older person in the total population of India. In India aging population has been increasing from first census in 1951 to 2011 that is 19.8 million to 104 million. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that the global aging population will be almost double from about 12% to 22 % between the years 2015 to 2050.
Predicting Employee Productivity based on Work Ethics and Organizational Learning

Background: Today, employee productivity is an important issue for organizations and the role of work ethics and learning in productivity is considered important. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict employee productivity based on work ethics and organizational learning. Method: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included the employees of the Social Security Organization (404 people) whose sample size was selected based on Cochran's formula and random sampling method (n=205). The research instruments were Hersey and Blanchard (1983) employee productivity questionnaire, Gregory (1990) work ethic and Nife (2001) organizational learning questionnaire, the reliability of which was obtained by Cronbach's alpha test (0.84). Descriptive statistics were analyzed with SPSS26 software and inferential statistics were analyzed with Amos24. Results: Data analysis showed that the variables of work ethic and organizational learning can predict 0.45 variance of the criterion variable (employee productivity). Also, work ethic and organizational learning had an impact factor of 0.51 and 0.43, respectively, on employee productivity (p <0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be said that work ethic and organizational learning are effective on employee productivity. Therefore, to increase organizational productivity, more attention should be paid to work ethic and organizational learning.
Protective effect of banana and mango peels against lead toxicity in rats

This study was carried out to determine the effect of dry banana peels (Musa Acuminate) and drymango peels (Mangiferaindica L.) against lead toxicity in weaning rats. Forty five growing male albino were divided into two main groups. The first group was the negative group (9) rats, the second group (36) rats was exposed to lead acetate and divided into four groups. The subgroup one positive group fed basal diet, the subgroup two fed basal diet containing (15%) banana peels, the subgroup three fed basal diet containing (15%) mango peels, the subgroup four fed basal diet containing (15%) combination of (banana and mango peels) for (6) weeks. At the end of the experimental period the best result found in group fed basal diet containing (15%) combination banana and mango peels improved daily feed intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, hemoglobin and serum iron level. Moreover, lead concentration was decreased in serum and also it was improved the concentration of calcium, phosphorous as well as lead in bone of intoxicated rats. Dry peels of fruits were improved liver enzymes and kidney functions compared with positive group. The histopathology results were agreedwith the results of serum parameters. These results recommend increasing the consumption of banana and mango peels. Nutrition Education Programs are needed to illustrate the importance of banana and mango peels in reducing lead toxicity.
Attitudes towards Alcohol Use among University Students in Sri Lanka: Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour

Alcohol use is regarded as a health issue among university students, which presently has a high occurrence. The objective of this research is to investigate the determinants of intentions toward Alcohol use among university students. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), it is hypothesized that favourable attitude, subjective norms, and lack of behavioural control will be positively and significantly associated with intention towards alcohol use and alcohol use behaviour among university students in Sri Lanka. A questionnaire was developed based on the TPB domains. Separately, alcohol use behaviour questionnaire was developed. Both were circulated among university students through google forms and social media. It was received a total number of 320 completed questionnaires from students. Coefficients path analyses of study variables, attitude (b=0.34), subjective norms (b=0.28) indicate a significant effect on the intention to use alcohol at the 1% level (H1 & H2). However, PBC does not indicate a significant impact on intention (b=0.03) to use alcohol (H3). Furthermore, Intention towards alcohol use is positively and significantly correlated with alcohol use behaviour (b=0.31, H4). This research validates the possibility of TPB in studying the behavioural intention and actual behaviour in a different social context. These findings will be important policy implications, policy-makers who wish to reduce alcohol use among university students can introduce interventions targeting to reduce positive attitudes towards alcohol use intention and favourable subjective norms towards reducing alcohol use intention. Correspondingly, policymakers can propose educational awareness programs to increase the PBC among university students relating alcohol use intention and behaviour. The results indicate the effectiveness of diverse approaches to alcohol reduction programs.
Title : Workplace measures against COVID-19 during the winter third wave in Japan : 2 company size-based differences 3 4

38 Objectives: Little is known about workplace measures against coronavirus disease 2019 39 (COVID-19) in Japan after the first state of emergency period, especially in micro-, small-, 40 and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). This study aimed to provide an overview of the 41 current situation of anti-COVID-19 measures in Japanese enterprises, considering 42 company size. 43 Methods: This study was an Internet-based nationwide cross-sectional study. Data were 44 collected using an online self-administered questionnaire in December 2020 during the 45 third wave of COVID-19. The chi-squared test for trend was performed to calculate the 46 p-value for trend for each workplace measure across company sizes. 47 Results: For the 27,036 participants, across company sizes, the most prevalent 48 workplace measure was encouraging mask wearing at work, followed by requesting that 49 employees refrain from going to work when ill and restricting work-related social 50 gatherings and entertainment. These measures were implemented by approximately 51 90% of large-scale enterprises and by more than 40% of microand small-scale 52 enterprises. In contrast, encouraging remote working and restricting eating and drinking 53 at personal workspaces were implemented by less than half of large-scale enterprises 54 and by around 15% of microand small-scale enterprises. There were statistically 55 significant differences in all workplace measures by company size (all p-values < .001). 56 Conclusions: We found that various responses to COVID-19 had been taken in 57 workplaces. However, some measures, including remote working, were still not well 58 implemented, especially in smaller enterprises. The findings suggest that occupational 59 health support for MSMEs is urgently needed to mitigate the current wave of COVID-19. 60
Differentiating Teaching and Learning: The Benefits and the Challenges

In this second issue of Volume 5 of the ELIS Research Digest, we look at differentiated instruction, a way of providing for the variety of students in our schools. Not only do our students vary in their home languages and socioeconomic backgrounds, they also vary in their prior school experiences, their learning styles and profiles, and their abilities. To help each one of our students be the best that they can be, we need to look at what we can do to support the learning of each child. What is the ideal? What is practical? One suggested answer is the use of differentiated instruction, where the teacher adjusts the learning programme to maximize the possibilities for every student in the classroom. How far can a teacher of large classes make such accommodations? How does the teacher make such accommodations? Can this be done in classrooms where the range of students is very wide? What are the advantages and disadvantages? This issue looks at some of these questions: what differentiated instruction is, how to begin, and whether it is practical.