Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONSTRAINING CLUSTER PHYSICS WITH THE SHAPE OF X-RAY CLUSTERS: COMPARISON OF LOCAL X-RAY CLUSTERS VERSUS ΛCDM CLUSTERS

Recent simulations of cluster formation have demonstrated that condensation of baryons into central galaxies during cluster formation can drive the shape of the gas distribution in galaxy clusters significantly rounder out to their virial radius. These simulations generally predict stellar fractions within cluster virial radii that are ∼2–3 times larger than the stellar masses deduced from observations. In this paper, we compare ellipticity profiles of simulated clusters performed with varying input physics (radiative cooling, star formation, and supernova feedback) to the cluster ellipticity profiles derived from Chandra and ROSAT observations, in an effort to constrain the fraction of gas that cools and condenses into the central galaxies within clusters. We find that local relaxed clusters have an average ellipticity of ϵ = 0.18 ± 0.05 in the radial range of 0.04 ⩽ r/r500 ⩽ 1. At larger radii r > 0.1r500, the observed ellipticity profiles agree well with the predictions of non-radiative simulations. In contrast, the ellipticity profiles of simulated clusters that include dissipative gas physics deviate significantly from the observed ellipticity profiles at all radii. The dissipative simulations overpredict (underpredict) ellipticity in the inner (outer) regions of galaxy clusters. By comparing simulations with and without dissipative gas physics, we show that gas cooling causes the gas distribution to be more oblate in the central regions, but makes the outer gas distribution more spherical. We find that late-time gas cooling and star formation are responsible for the significantly oblate gas distributions in cluster cores, but the gas shapes outside of cluster cores are set primarily by baryon dissipation at high redshift (z ⩾ 2). Our results indicate that the shapes of X-ray emitting gas in galaxy clusters, especially at large radii, can be used to place constraints on cluster gas physics, making it potential probes of the history of baryonic cooling in galaxy clusters.
Hybrid WDM POF-VLC links for M-QAM Signal Transmission Based on Centralized Laser Diodes for Smart Factories

A centralized single source for hybrid fiber/wireless visible communication links is demonstrated employing off-the-shelf components. Experimental transmission of QPSK and M-QAM signals over wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical carriers emitted by two laser diodes in the visible spectrum leads to 6 Gb/s total bitrate. The system performance characterization in terms of SNR and EVM for different modulation formats and bandwidths paves the way for future deployment in industrial environments.
Transparent and Fast Reconfigurable Optical Network with Edge Computing Nodes for Beyond 5G applications

To fulfil stringent latency requirements of timesensitive applications in 5G and beyond networks, data has to be processed in a decentralized way. The Edge Cloud Network is composed of computational resources placed at most at tens of kilometers far from the sources of the data flows they need to process. Besides the physical proximity, nanosecond-scale reconfiguration time of optical switches and a fast control of the optical networks are also required to guarantee dynamicity with latencies on the order of tens of microseconds. Moreover, photonic switches will enable transparent bypass of nodes reducing costly, power hungry and format dependent optical to electrical to optical interfaces as well as large jitter in electrical switches. In this work, we propose an Edge Cloud network composed of a metro-access ring and optically switched edge data center. SOA-based ROADMs are used in the ring for fast add/drop of wavelengths. The edge data center is composed of top-of-rack switches interconnected via an SOA-based optical switch. A supervisory channel is used by the network nodes to exchange control packets in a time-slotted synchronous fashion, and FPGA-based controllers guarantee nanosecond-scale reconfiguration decisions.
Hierarchical quasi-optimal control for multiple identical LTI subsystems with event-triggered cooperation

This paper considers an optimal control problem for systems consisting of multiple identical continuous-time linear time-invariant subsystems. The cost function has a two-layer structure. It includes quadratic terms of an individual performance output and a cooperative performance output. The resulting optimal control input is accordingly composed of local feedback and cooperative feedback. To update the cooperative feedback in a discrete-time manner, the idea of event-triggered control is incorporated. A special triggering condition is proposed so that the cooperative feedback signal is updated frequently when the cooperative performance output takes large values. Effectiveness of the proposed control law is examined by numerical simulations.
Secrecy Performance Improvement of a NOMA VLC Cellular Network With Artificial Noise

In this paper, we investigate the physical layer secrecy of a non-orthogonal multip le access (NOMA) VLC cellular network, where all users are moving based on the random waypoint mobility model. To improve the secrecy performan ce of the proposed network, we consider the artificial light induced noise with the aim of disrupting the eavesdropper. More precisely, by considering the dynamic behavior of the network, we formulate the achievable secrecy rate of the legitimate users. To allocate power to legitimate users, we modify two well-known fixed power allocation and the gain ratio power allocation methods to improve the network sum secrecy rate. The num erical results indicate that the secrecy performance of the network is improved at least 2dBs by employing the modified power allocation methods plus the artificial noise compared with the case of using the conventional version of the power allocation methods, which this value scales for higher tran smit p owers. F urtherm ore, the effect of half-power angle of the optical transmitter is considered with simulation results showing an optimum value for the half-p ower angle, which can vary depending on the considered scenario.
The Role of BIM in Achieving Sustainable and Environmental Aspects for Interior Spaces

As the twenty-first century begins, moving towards economic and sustainable aspects is quite obvious for the interior design industry. BREEAM, DGNB and LEED are modern Global environmental certification systems that has appeared and started to change design industry from professional practice to a thriving demand in the market share. BIM significance appeared through transforming products data and their environmental properties available such as energy consumption, product life span and maintenance rates to a usable integrated database. The problem that faces most of designers is which products to use in interior space to achieve a sustainable design. The research is adapting a qualitative approach that collects and analyses data of projects that used BIM and its capabilities about using design elements database to support decision making for interior spaces and to differentiate between design alternatives. As a result, designers can depend on BIM technology for decision making as a directing tool for environmental impact.
A novel artifact removal method for the SSVEP signal using hybrid CCA-DWT and comparative analysis for feature selection and classification in the P300 signal

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface speller is a communication rehabilitation tool to help patients suffering from motor disorders. A hybrid EEG signal based on steady-state visual evoke potential (SSVEP) and P300 signals is, although more efficient to have a robust speller application, however, there are some challenges including low signal-to-noise ratio, low information transfer rate, and classification accuracy in a smaller number of trials. To overcome these issues, this study proposes two approaches for both SSVEP and P300. For the former, a novel hybrid denoising approach based on canonical correlation analysis and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was proposed, which offers a significant improvement in the single-flicker SSVEP signal. Furthermore, four feature selection techniques are applied to a combination of temporal features and DWT features to remove irrelevant and redundant information in the P300 signal based on the rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. Then seven strong popular classification techniques are applied to P300 coefficient detection, where the proposed single-layer discriminative restricted Boltzmann machine has shown more robust results compared with other methods. The average character recognition accuracies among six subjects are $51 \pm 5$% and $94\pm 4$% with the average data rates of $34 \pm 5$ and $26 \pm 2$ bit/min, for one and five repetitions, respectively.
Sparsely sampling the sky: Regular vs. random sampling

Aims. The next generation of galaxy surveys, aiming to observe millions of galaxies, are expensive both in time and money. This raises questions regarding the optimal investment of this time and money for future surveys. In a previous work, we have shown that a sparse sampling strategy could be a powerful substitute for the – usually favoured – contiguous observation of the sky. In our previous paper, regular sparse sampling was investigated, where the sparse observed patches were regularly distributed on the sky. The regularity of the mask introduces a periodic pattern in the window function, which induces periodic correlations at specific scales. Methods. In this paper, we use a Bayesian experimental design to investigate a “random” sparse sampling approach, where the observed patches are randomly distributed over the total sparsely sampled area. Results. We find that in this setting, the induced correlation is evenly distributed amongst all scales as there is no preferred scale in the window function. Conclusions. This is desirable when we are interested in any specific scale in the galaxy power spectrum, such as the matter-radiation equality scale. As the figure of merit shows, however, there is no preference between regular and random sampling to constrain the overall galaxy power spectrum and the cosmological parameters.
A UNIFORM SEARCH FOR SECONDARY ECLIPSES OF HOT JUPITERS IN KEPLER Q2 LIGHT CURVES

In this paper, we present the results of searching the Kepler Q2 public data set for the secondary eclipses of 76 hot Jupiter planet candidates from the list of 1235 candidates published by Borucki et al. This search has been performed by modeling both the Kepler pre-search data conditioned light curves and new light curves produced via our own photometric pipeline. We derive new stellar and planetary parameters for each system, while calculating robust errors for both. We find 16 systems with 1σ–2σ, 14 systems with 2σ–3σ, and 6 systems with >3σ confidence level secondary eclipse detections in at least one light curve produced via the Kepler pre-search data conditioned light curve or our own pipeline; however, results can vary depending on the light curve modeled and whether eccentricity is allowed to vary or not. We estimate false alarm probabilities of 31%, 10%, and 6% for the 1σ–2σ, 2σ–3σ, and >3σ confidence intervals, respectively. Comparing each secondary eclipse result to theoretical expectations, we find that the majority of detected planet candidates emit more light than expected owing to thermal blackbody emission in the optical Kepler bandpass, and present a trend of increasing excess emission with decreasing maximum effective planetary temperature. These results agree with previously published optical secondary eclipse data for other hot Jupiters. We explore modeling biases, significant planetary albedos, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium or other thermal emission, significant internal energy generation, and misidentification of brown dwarfs, low-mass stars, or stellar blends as possible causes of both the excess emission and its correlation with expected planetary temperature. Although we find that no single cause is able to explain all of the planet candidates, significant planetary albedos, with a general trend of increasing planetary albedos with decreasing atmospheric temperatures, are able to explain most of the systems. Identifying systems that we deem likely to be low-mass stars or stellar blends, we estimate an 11% false-positive rate in the current Kepler planet candidate sample of hot Jupiters. We also establish robust upper limits on the eclipse depth for the remaining systems and find that the emission of a significant fraction of these systems is consistent with the planets having very low albedos, i.e., at least 30% of all systems have Ag < 0.3 at 1σ confidence levels. This result augments the current number of constrained exoplanetary albedos and extends the sample of low albedo determinations to planets with temperatures as low as 1200 K. Finally, we note that continued observations with the Kepler spacecraft and improved techniques for the removal of systematic noise in the Kepler data are needed to better characterize these systems.
Oxygen-related traps in pentacene thin films : Energetic position and implications for transistor performance

We studied the influence of oxygen on the electronic trap states in a pentacene thin film. This was done by carrying out gated four-terminal measurements on thin-film transistors as a function of temperature and without ever exposing the samples to ambient air. Photo-oxidation of pentacene is shown to lead to a peak of trap states centered at 0.28 eV from the mobility edge, with trap densities of the order of ${10}^{18}\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. As the gate voltage is ramped up, these trap states are occupied at first and cause a reduction in the number of free carriers at a given gate voltage. Moreover, the exposure to oxygen reduces the mobility of the charge carriers above the mobility edge. We correlate the change of these transport parameters with the change of the essential device parameters, i.e., subthreshold performance and effective field-effect mobility. This study supports the assumption of a mobility edge for charge transport and contributes to a detailed understanding of an important degradation mechanism of organic field-effect transistors. Deep traps in an organic field-effect transistor reduce the effective field-effect mobility by reducing the number of free carriers and their mobility above the mobility edge.
Geodesics of positive Lagrangians in Milnor fibers

The space of positive Lagrangians in an almost Calabi-Yau manifold is an open set in the space of all Lagrangian submanifolds. A Hamiltonian isotopy class of positive Lagrangians admits a natural Riemannian metric $\Upsilon$, which gives rise to a notion of geodesics. We study geodesics of positive $O_n(\mathbb{R})$ invariant Lagrangian spheres in $n$-dimensional $A_m$ Milnor fibers. We show the existence and uniqueness of smooth solutions to the initial value problem and the boundary value problem. In particular, we obtain examples of smooth geodesics of positive Lagrangians in arbitrary dimension. As an application, we show that the Riemannian metric $\Upsilon$ induces a metric space structure on the space of positive $O_n(\mathbb{R})$ invariant Lagrangian spheres in the above mentioned Milnor fibers.
Charge‐exchange emission in the starburst galaxies M82 and NGC3256

Charge-exchange (CE) emission produces features which are detectable with the current X-ray instrumentation in the brightest near galaxies. We describe these aspects in the observed X-ray spectra of the star forming galaxies M82 and NGC 3256, from the Suzaku and XMM-Newton telescopes. Emission from both ions (O, C) and neutrals (Mg, Si) is recognised. We also describe how microcalorimeter instrumentation on future missions will improve CE observations (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Non-contact 3D measurement method for evaluating thoracoabdominal motion in respiratory assessment

Dysfunctional breathing causes negative impacts on health such as the myofascial pain syndromes and headaches. Biomechanical patterns of dysfunctional breathing are often assessed manually in clinical practice, and clinicians usually focus on thoracoabdominal motion created by the main respiratory muscles. We propose a non-contact method for measuring thoracoabdominal motion during breathing using a single depth sensor (Microsoft Azure Kinect DK) for automatic and quantitative biomechanics assessment of dysfunctional breathing. The measurement accuracy of the system is evaluated by comparing the data to that of the standard marker-based motion capture system (mocap). Ten healthy men participated in the experiment. The participants were asked to take deep breaths, and the thoracoabdominal motion was measured with the depth sensor and mocap. Reflective markers were attached to four landmarks on the body (just above the navel, xiphoid process, nipple line on the sternum, and sternum angle) for mocap measurement. The marker positions were estimated using depth images obtained by the depth sensor, and the errors in the mocap data were calculated. The standard deviation of the error in a breathing motion sequence was 2.2–4.7 mm. The proposed system can measure the thoracoabdominal motion with sufficient accuracy for clinical respiratory assessment.
Griffiths phase-like behavior and spin-phonon coupling in double perovskite Tb2NiMnO6

The Griffiths phase-like features and the spin-phonon coupling effects observed in Tb(2)NiMnO(6) are reported. The double perovskite compound crystallizes in monoclinic P2(1)/n space group and exhibits a magnetic phase transition at T(c) similar to 111 K as an abrupt change in magnetization. A negative deviation from ideal Curie-Weiss law exhibited by 1/chi(T) curves and less-than-unity susceptibility exponents from the power-law analysis of inverse susceptibility are reminiscent of Griffiths phase-like features. Arrott plots derived from magnetization isotherms support the inhomogeneous nature of magnetism in this material. The observed effects originate from antiferromagnetic interactions that arise from inherent disorder in the system. Raman scattering experiments display no magnetic-order-induced phonon renormalization below Tc in Tb(2)NiMnO(6), which is different from the results observed in other double perovskites and is correlated to the smaller size of the rare earth. The temperature evolution of full-width-at-half-maximum for the stretching mode at 645 cm(-1) presents an anomaly that coincides with the magnetic transition temperature and signals a close connection between magnetism and lattice in this material. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3671674]
Estimation and Validation of Vertical Total Electron Content Using Standalone Single-Frequency Observations

Nonuniform ionospheric delay is a well-known cause of degradations in radio wave propagations such as in satellite communication and positioning. In general, the ionospheric delay can be estimated using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data from dual or multiple-frequency receivers; however, satellite differential code biases (DCBs) must be downloaded via network connection. For positioning based on standalone single-frequency receivers, the Klobuchar model, a well-known model in the GPS positioning system, is used to estimate the ionospheric delay based on solar activity, season, or region by using the eight coefficients in the broadcast navigation message. Although this model can reduce positioning errors by about 50 percent, the low-latitude disturbances such as the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) phenomenon, significantly diminishes the accuracy of modeled delay estimation. In this work, we propose an ionospheric delay estimation technique based on observed single-frequency GPS data without requiring network-based corrections for DCB. The ionospheric delays estimated by the proposed method are compared with those from the GPS dual-frequency observation, the broadcast/network models in 2014 (high solar activity) and 2020 (low solar activity). According to the results, the proposed ionospheric delay estimation can correct the ionosphere errors better than the well-known Klobuchar model, by about 9.98 percent and 6.77 percent in 2014 and 2020, respectively. The proposed model increases the ionospheric error correction efficiency in vertical positioning by up to 81 percent in 2014 and 79 percent in 2020.
Prognostic Value of Coronary Calcium Score in Asymptomatic Individuals: A Systematic Review

Despite updated guidelines and technological developments that allow for an accurate diagnosis, many asymptomatic individuals have a high risk of developing CAD or cardiac events. The CAC score can estimate a correct risk level for these subjects, which is clinically significant for adequate management of risk factors and obtaining personalized preventive therapy. This systematic review aims to assess the prognostic value of CAC score in asymptomatic individuals. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a systematic literature search was performed to identify original articles since 2010 that evaluated the prognostic value of CAC score in asymptomatic individuals. The quality of the included studies was assessed by the QUIPS tool. A total of 45 articles were selected. Many of these (25 studies) evaluated the prognostic value of CAC score in asymptomatic subjects. In comparison, others (20 studies) evaluated the association of CAC score with other clinical parameters and imaging modalities or the comparison with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA). Our findings showed that the CAC score provides valuable prognostic information for predicting CAD risk in asymptomatic individuals.
Determinant Factors of Indonesian Vocational Schools Students’ Intention to Use E-Learning JURNAL PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI & BISNIS

The involvement of e-learning in entrepreneurship education has invited the attention of scholars in developed and developing countries throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper examines the determinant factors driving intention to adopt e-learning entrepreneurship among vocational school students in Indonesia. A quantitative research method employed a survey model to explain in detail how the effect of endogenous variables on exogenous variables either directly or through moderator variables. A total of 430 vocational students in Jakarta of Indonesia were involved in this study and collected using the convenience technique. We are adopting Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) to estimate the proposed model. The findings indicate that teacher characteristic, learning content, playfulness, students’ perceived usefulness, and ease of use have a strong impact on the intention to use e-learning in entrepreneurship. The present research also notes that variables perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use successfully moderated the effect of teacher characteristics, design of learning contents, and playfulness on the intention to use e-learning entrepreneurship. The outcomes of this research are the first step in studying the enactment of e-learning in entrepreneurship education.