Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Aspect Ratio, Characteristic Strength and Compression Rebars on the Shear Capacity of Shallow RC Beams

This paper investigates the impact of the aspect ratio, the characteristics strength of the concrete, and the compression steel ratio on the shear capacity of wide-shallow beams. An experimental program consists of seven specimens, including a control specimen, all tested under a three-point load test. Three specimens were considered for each parameter (the control specimen was included in all three variables). The experimental results were compared to the theoretical values of six different codes of practice; they were also analyzed to determine the ductility, stiffness, and dissipated energy of each specimen. The results indicated that the shear reinforcement was fully functioning until it yielded, with a minimum contribution of 55% of the total shear capacity of the specimens. The aspect ratio and the characteristic strength had a notable impact on the shear capacity of the specimens, while the compression steel ratio had a minor effect on the shear capacity, but it improved the stiffness and the ductility of the beams. Theoretical concrete shear strengths from design codes ranged between 77 and 163% of the experimental values; EN-1992 was the closest code to the experimental results. A comparison between the experimental results and predicted values using GP and EPR methods from previous research showed accuracies of 72% and 81%, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-012 Full Text: PDF
Relationship between water color, water levels, and climate indices in large rivers: Case of the St. Lawrence River (Canada)

The relationship between the color (measured with Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper sensors in bands 1, 2, and 3) of St. Lawrence River (SLR) water and water levels (in SLR and Lake Ontario) was first analyzed, followed by the analysis of the relationship between water levels and four climate indices for the period from 1984 to 2009. Although there is a statistically significant relationship between these first two variables, this link depends on the strength of two factors: the type of color (band) and inflows from tributaries. Bands 1 (blue) and 2 (green) were negatively correlated with water levels. This correlation, however, is spatially influenced by water inflows from tributaries. Band 3 (red) showed no significant correlation with either water level. Over the same period, water levels were negatively correlated with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation index. Results suggest that the color of waters in the SLR may be used as an indicator to monitor environmental and climate changes in its watershed.
SHRIMP zircon U/Pb dating on ultrahigh pressure rocks from Yangkou:Implications for the timing of partial melting in the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt

Fertile components in UHP rocks could undergo partial melting at both water-present or-absent conditions during deep subduction as well as early stages of rapid exhumation of continental materials.Petrographic and geochemical observations had shown that the Sulu UHP rocks experienced partial melting at UHP-HP conditions,which led to the formation of quartzo-feldspathic inclusions,granitic veins or plutons,and substantial geochemical effects.To further constrain the timing of these partial melting events,we have carried out SHRIMP zircon U/Pb dating on UHP metapelite as well as concordant K-rich granitic dike from Yangkou,Shandong Province.Zircon separates from both samples have core-mantle-rim structure.Zircon cores from metapelite yield 206Pb/238U ages greater than 282Ma,which represents different crustal components incorporated into the protiolith of metapelite.The mantle and rim yield 206Pb/238U ages of 233±3Ma and 214±4Ma,representing the timing of UHP and amphibolite facies retrograde reactions,respectively.Zircon grains from the synkinematic peraluminous granitic dike (A/CNK=1.2) yield similarly wide range 206Pb/238U ages (483~800Ma) from the core,implying that it might be derived from metasediments like sample SYK08-08.Except for one spot from the mantle yields 206Pb/238U age of 234.6±3.9Ma,all the other spots cluster around a concordant 206Pb/238U age of 220.8±2.9Ma. These mantle domains also contain mineral inclusions of Pl+Kfs+Qtz+Ap,typical of granitic composition.Such an association indicates that the Sulu UHP metasediments underwent partial melting at ~221Ma and prior to the widespread amphibolite facies retrograde metamorphism.
Azospirillum brasilense improves rice growth under salt stress by regulating the expression of key genes involved in salt stress response, abscisic acid signaling, and nutrient transport, among others

Major food crops, such as rice and maize, display severe yield losses (30–50%) under salt stress. Furthermore, problems associated with soil salinity are anticipated to worsen due to climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to implement sustainable agricultural strategies, such as exploiting beneficial plant-microbe associations, for increased crop yields. Plants can develop associations with beneficial microbes, including arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). PGPB improve plant growth via multiple mechanisms, including protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Azospirillum brasilense, one of the most studied PGPB, can mitigate salt stress in different crops. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which A. brasilense mitigates salt stress. This study shows that total and root plant mass is improved in A. brasilense-inoculated rice plants compared to the uninoculated plants grown under high salt concentrations (100 mM and 200 mM NaCl). We observed this growth improvement at seven- and fourteen days post-treatment (dpt). Next, we used transcriptomic approaches and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in rice roots when exposed to three treatments: 1) A. brasilense, 2) salt (200 mM NaCl), and 3) A. brasilense and salt (200 mM NaCl), at seven dpt. We identified 786 DEGs in the A. brasilense-treated plants, 4061 DEGs in the salt-stressed plants, and 1387 DEGs in the salt-stressed A. brasilense-treated plants. In the A. brasilense-treated plants, we identified DEGs involved in defense, hormone, and nutrient transport, among others. In the salt-stressed plants, we identified DEGs involved in abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, antioxidant enzymes, sodium and potassium transport, and calcium signaling, among others. In the salt-stressed A. brasilense-treated plants, we identified some genes involved in salt stress response and tolerance (e.g., abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, antioxidant enzymes, calcium signaling), and sodium and potassium transport differentially expressed, among others. We also identified some A. brasilense-specific plant DEGs, such as nitrate transporters and defense genes. Furthermore, our results suggest genes involved in auxin and ethylene signaling are likely to play an important role during these interactions. Overall, our transcriptomic data indicate that A. brasilense improves rice growth under salt stress by regulating the expression of key genes involved in defense and stress response, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, and ion and nutrient transport, among others. Our findings will provide essential insights into salt stress mitigation in rice by A. brasilense.
ÇALIŞMA SERMAYESİ-KÂRLILIK İLİŞKİSİNİN İMKB ÖRNEĞİNDE 1996-2005 DÖNEMİ ANALİZİ

Bu Calismanin amaci, Turkiye olceginde Istanbul Menkul Kiymetler Borsasi (IMKB)’na kayitli isletmelerde calisma sermayesi ile brut kâr arasindaki iliskiyi belirlemektir. Calismanin veri seti, IMKB uyesi 120 adet uretim ve ticaret isletmesinin yillik verilerinden olusan ve 1200 gozlemi kapsayan panel veri setidir. Finansal nitelikli faaliyet gosteren isletmeler calisma disinda tutulmustur. Calismada arastirma yontemi olarak En Kucuk Kareler Yontemi (EKK) uygulanmis, kurgulanan modellerin spesifikasyonlarinda Sabit Etkiler Modeli dikkate alinmistir. Calismada kurgulanan modellerde, IMKB’ye kayitli isletmelerde farkli degiskenlerle farkli duzeylerde ifade edilen calisma sermayesinin, brut kârlilik oranlari ile iliskilerinin teorik beklentiyle uyumlu oldugu gorulmektedir. Ayrica kurgulanan modellerde, calisma sermayesi degiskenleri ile brut kârlilik arasinda negatif iliski oldugu tespit edilmistir.
Modeling the impact of reduced sea ice cover in future climate on the Baltic Sea biogeochemistry

In a warming future climate, the sea ice cover is expected to decrease, with very likely large consequences for the marine ecosystem. We investigated the impact of future sea ice retreat on the Baltic Sea biogeochemistry at the end of the century, using an ensemble of regionalized global climate simulations. We found that the spring bloom will start by up to one month earlier and winds and wave‐induced resuspension will increase, causing an increased transport of nutrients from the productive coastal zone into the deeper areas. The internal nutrient fluxes do not necessarily increase because they also depend on oxygen and temperature conditions of the bottom water. Winter mixing increases in areas having reduced ice cover and in areas having reduced stratification due to increased freshwater supply. The reduced sea ice cover therefore partly counteracts eutrophication because increased vertical mixing improves oxygen conditions in lower layers.
Insects in an abandoned landscape: late Holocene palaeoentomological investigations at Sandhavn, Southern Greenland

Abstract The late Holocene landscape and environment at Sandhavn in Greenland's Eastern Settlement are considered in the light of recent palaeoentomological investigations. Samples dating to post-Norse peat accumulation suggest that Norse activity had no lasting effect on the beetle fauna and environment at Sandhavn after its abandonment in the Medieval period. The faunas recovered may be assumed to be characteristic of the surrounding environment, and indicate that the site was situated in an area of wetland and heath. The assemblages are discussed in the context of the sub-fossil and modern coleopteran faunal history of the North Atlantic islands, and as evidence for post-abandonment environmental conditions in Greenland.
Application of the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration Software in Environmental Flow Setting 1

Abstract: River scientists are increasingly asked to provide recommendations about the amount and timing of water flows needed to support ecosystem health. The need for scientifically credible environmental flow assessments and the limited availability of resources to conduct in‐depth studies place a premium on methods that can be readily applied at low cost. The Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) software program was originally developed by The Nature Conservancy in the 1990s to quickly process daily hydrologic records to enable characterization of natural water conditions and facilitate evaluations of human‐induced changes to flow regimes. The evolution of the IHA software is discussed, including recent revisions and additions to the IHA that have improved its utility in environmental flow‐setting processes. Drawing from holistic methodologies developed around the world, the ability to calculate characteristics of five components of flow important to river ecosystem health – extreme low flows, low flows, high‐flow pulses, small floods and large floods – has been added to the IHA. A practical advantage of these environmental flow components is that an environmental flow prescription based upon them can be readily implemented in most water management settings. Frequently used as a one‐time generator of flow statistics, the value of the IHA increases when used interactively with ecological models. A process for linking IHA output to an ecological model to explore flow‐ecology relationships within an adaptive management context is presented and demonstrated through its application on the Green River, Washington. The IHA used in conjunction with ecological models facilitates the creation and testing of flow‐ecology hypotheses, formulation of water and land protection or restoration goals, and development of a focused research and monitoring program, all important components of environmental flow‐setting processes.
Large fossil birds from a Late Cretaceous marine turbidite sequence on Hornby Island (British Columbia)

Few fossil birds and non-avian dinosaurs are known from Mesozoic sediments bordering the eastern margin of the Pacific Ocean. Here, we describe additional remains of Late Cretaceous birds from a deep-water marine turbidite sequence of the Northumberland Formation exposed on Hornby Island, British Columbia. The bones described here are referable (based on hypothesized autapomorphies) to the Cretaceous avian lineages Enantiornithes and Ornithurae and fall into at least two size classes within either lineage. This suggests the presence of multiple taxa occurring within the Northumberland Formation.
EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) AND ASSOCIATED WEEDS

The aim of this work study the effect of weed control treatments in preceding crop rapeseed and weed control treatments on maize and associated weeds. Field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 growing seasons at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The preceding winter crop was canola. After canola harvest, maize experiments were conducted in the same land of canola, three weed control treatments in canola e.g. hoeing, pendimethlin and untreated check and maize experiment includes three wed control treatments e.g. hoeing twice, acetochlor and untreated check and two tillage systems no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). The herbicide treatments did not superior to hoeing and hoeing with NT treatments were improved yield and yield components in maize, compared with untreated check, acteochlor with CT increased yield, compared to check treatments. The interaction between weed control treatments and tillage systems had significant on fresh weight and number of weeds/m, as well as, number of grains/ear, weight of grains/ear and grains yield per feddan (feddan=4200 m) however the highest yield obtained by hoeing in NT and acetochlor in CT, as well as, untreated check treatments in NT improved yield and yield components and weed characters, compared to untreated check treatments in CT.
Record of forearc devolatilization in low‐T, high‐P/T metasedimentary suites: Significance for models of convergent margin chemical cycling

The Franciscan Complex (Coast Ranges and Diablo Range, California) and the Western Baja Terrane (WBT; Baja California, Mexico) were metamorphosed along high‐P/T paths like those experienced in many active subduction zones, recording peak conditions up to ∼1 GPa and 300°C. Franciscan and WBT metasedimentary rocks are similar in lithology and geochemistry to clastic sediments outboard of many subduction zones. These metamorphic suites provide evidence regarding devolatilization history experienced by subducting sediments, information that is needed to mass‐balance the inputs of materials into subduction zones with their respective outputs. Analyzed samples have lower total volatile contents than their likely protoliths. Little variation in LOI among similar lithologies at differing metamorphic grades, suggests that loss of structurally bound water occurred during early clay‐mineral transformations. Finely disseminated carbonate is present in the lowest‐grade rocks, but absent in all higher‐grade rocks. δ13CVPDB of reduced‐C is uniform in the lower‐grade Franciscan samples (mean = −25.1‰, 1σ = 0.4‰), but varies in higher‐grade rocks (−28.8 to −21.9‰). This likely reflects a combination of devolatilization and C‐isotope exchange, between organic and carbonate reservoirs. Nitrogen concentration ranges from 102 to 891 ppm, with δ15Nair of +0.1 to +3.0‰ (n = 35); this organic‐like δ15N probably represents an efficient transfer of N from decaying organic matter to reacting clay minerals. The lowest‐grade rocks in the Coastal Belt have elevated carbonate contents and correlated N‐δ15N variations, and exhibit the most uniform δ13C and C/N, all consistent with these rocks having experienced less devolatilization. Most fluid‐mobile trace elements are present at concentrations indistinguishable from protoliths. Suggesting that, despite apparent loss of much clay‐bound H2O and CO2 from diagenetic cements (combined, <5–10 wt. %), most fluid‐mobile trace elements are retained to depths of up to ∼40 km. Organic‐like δ15N, lower than that of many seafloor sediments, is consistent with some loss of adsorbed N (perhaps as NO3−) during early stages of diagenesis. The efficient entrainment of fluid‐mobile elements to depths of at least 40 km in these relatively cool subduction zone settings lends credence to models invoking transfer of these elements to the subarc mantle.
The Impact of Digital Talent Management on Employee Performance with Individual Innovation Behavior as Intervening Variable at PT Dakwah Inti Media

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of digital talent management on employee performance with individual innovation behaviour as an intervening variable. This research is causality research with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used saturated samples with a total of 54 respondents at PT Dakwah Inti Media. The statistical analysis used in this research is partial least square with the help of SmartPLS 3.2. 9 software. The result of the analysis obtained from this study indicates that digital talent management has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; digital talent management has a positive and significant effect on individual innovation behaviour; individual innovation behaviour has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; individual innovation behaviour in this study can mediate the effect of digital talent management on employee performance.
MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION AND PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN MICROALLOYED ARMOX 500T STEEL DURING A DILATATION PROCESS

With this work we successfully developed two modified Armox 500T alloys using microalloying with different amounts of niobium (Nb) and boron (B) to obtain a finer grain size, which in return enhances the remnant properties. Furthermore, different heat-treatment cycles were designed and performed using a quenching dilatometer to study the combined effect of thermal cycling and microalloying with Nb and B on the microstructure and transformation temperatures including the start and finish temperature of the austenite transformation (Ac1, Ac3) and the martensite start and finish temperature (Ms, Mf) of the investigated alloys. Dilatometry results show that increasing the content of Nb from 0.07 w/% to 0.13 w/% and B from 0.0035 to 0.0046 w/% increases the temperature range between Ac1 and Ac3 by 55 °C, indicating a broader range for changing heat-treatment temperatures. In addition, the Ms temperature is reduced by 13 °C due to austenite refinement caused by the microalloying of Nb and B. The effect of the annealing temperature at a constant heating rate showed a significant impact on the austenite grain size and hardness. Furthermore, the kinetics of phase transformations were theoretically studied using Thermo-Calc, and the numerical predictions were confirmed experimentally with dilatometry results. Metallography investigations using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an optical microscope (OM) were conducted to evaluate the microstructure evolution of the developed alloys. Hardness tests were performed to evaluate the effect of the grain refinement of martensite lathes caused by microalloying with Nb, B, and heat-treatment thermal cycling. It is found that the hardness of the modified Armox alloys in this research was improved by 14 % in comparison with the conventional Armox 500T.
Storm Flow and Sediment Losses From Site‐Prepared Forestland in East Texas

Nine small (2.57 to 2.79 ha) forested watersheds in East Texas were instrumented in December 1979 to determine the effect of harvesting and site preparation on storm flow and sediment loss. Three replications of three treatments were used: (1) clearcutting, followed by shearing, windrowing, and burning, (2) clearcutting, followed by roller chopping and burning, and (3) undisturbed control. Prior to treatment, mineral soil was exposed on 3% of the watersheds. Following treatment in June 1981, 57% of the mineral soil was exposed on the sheared and windrowed watersheds compared to 16% on the chopped watersheds. At the end of the second, third, and fourth years' growing season, mineral soil was exposed on 20, 9, and 10% of the sheared and 4, 4, and 3% of the chopped watersheds, respectively. The first year following treatment, mean storm flow was greater from the sheared watersheds (14.6 cm) than from the chopped (8.3 cm) watersheds, with the storm flow from the latter greater than from the undisturbed (2.6 cm) watersheds. Mean storm flow was less from all watersheds the second year after treatment; however, storm flow from the sheared watersheds (5.0 cm) was similar to that from the chopped (3.6 cm) water-sheds, and both were greater than that from the undisturbed (1.2 cm) watersheds. During the third posttreatment year there was no significant difference in mean storm flow from the sheared and chopped watersheds or from chopped and undisturbed watersheds. Storm flow during the fourth posttreatment year was greater from the sheared watersheds (6.1 cm) than from the chopped (3.5 cm) watersheds, which had greater stormflow than the undisturbed (1.4 cm) watersheds. First-year sediment losses were greater from the sheared (2937 kg/ha) than from the chopped (25 kg/ha) or undisturbed (33 kg/ha) watersheds. Although second-year sediment losses were greatly reduced from the sheared watersheds (79.9 kg/ha), they remained greater than losses from chopped (5.5 kg/ha) or undisturbed (5.1 kg/ha) watersheds. Sediment losses from the sheared watersheds (34.6 kg/ha) decreased during the third posttreatment year and were similar to losses from the chopped (5.4 kg/ha) watersheds. During the fourth posttreatment year, sediment loss was greater from the sheared watersheds (165 kg/ha) than from the chopped (16 kg^sol;ha) or the undisturbed (29 kg/ha) watersheds. Although sediment losses were significantly different between treatment,, they were small and below Soil Conservation Service tolerable levels. Mean sediment concentrations and losses from the chopped and undisturbed watersheds were similar during the four posttreatment years. Sediment concentrations from the sheared watersheds, were greater than from chopped or pndisturbed watersheds during the four posttreatment years; however, concentrations the first year after treatment (2119 mg/L) were greatly reduced the second (167 mg/L), third (54 mg/L), and fourth year (331 mg/L).
MorphoNet: A Novel Bivalve Images Classification Framework with Convolutional Neural Network

The bivalves' morphometric analysis of the freshwater shell characteristics is based on the shell size, shape, tooth, scars, and texture . We experimented and compared the accuracies of the following popular convolutional neural network architectures : ResNeSt, MobileNet, VGG16, Transfer Learning, and EfficientNet, whose model trainings are based on the bivalve image dataset obtained from a biology laboratory . The MobileNet model that gives the highest accuracy rate by 72 % is selected to be a classification model of our framework named MorphoNet . We also applied the YOLO4 object detection in the MorphoNet to detect the teeth and scars on the bivalve image . The framework can identify the bivalve class labels and detect the interesting features on the bivalve images automatically . It is an alternative tool to help the biologists in a preliminary class label identification and support the land - marking creation and morphometric analysis instead of doing it by hand .