Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversiﬁcation of cardiac insulin signaling involves the p85 a / b subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

Diversiﬁcation of cardiac insulin signaling involves the p85 a / b subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280: E65–E74, 2001. —Ventricular cardiomyocytes and cardiac tissue of lean and genetically obese ( fa/fa ) Zucker rats were used 1 ) to study the role of the p85 regulatory subunit isoforms p85 a and p85 b for insulin signaling through the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase pathway, and 2 ) to elucidate the implications of these mechanisms for cardiac insulin resistance. Western blot analysis of cardiomyocyte lysates revealed expression of p85 a and p85 b but no detectable amounts of the splice variants of p85 a . Essentially no p85 a subunit of PI 3-kinase was found to be associated with insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 or IRS-2 in basal and insulin-stimulated (5 min) cardiomyocytes. Instead, insulin produced a twofold increase in p85 b associated with IRS-1, leading to a three- to fourfold increase in p85 b -associated PI 3-kinase activity. This response was signiﬁcantly reduced in obese animals. Comparable results were obtained in the intact heart after in vivo stimulation. In GLUT-4-containing vesicles, an increased abundance (3.7 6 0.7-fold over basal) of p85 a was observed after insulin stimulation of lean animals, with no signiﬁcant effect in the obese group. No p85 b could be detected in GLUT-4-containing vesicles. Recruitment of the p110 catalytic subunit of PI 3-kinase and a twofold increase in enzyme activity in GLUT-4-containing vesicles by insulin was observed only in lean rats. We conclude that, in the heart, p85 a recruits PI 3-kinase activity to GLUT-4 vesicles, whereas p85 b represents the main regulator of IRS-1- and IRS-2-mediated PI 3-kinase activation. Furthermore, multiple defects of PI 3-kinase activation, involving both the p85 a and the p85 b adaptor subunits, may contribute to cardiac insulin resistance.
(2020). Green, yellow, red, or out of the blue? An assessment of Traffic Light Schemes to mitigate the impact of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity. Journal of Seismology.

Mitigating hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity (HF-IS) poses a challenge for shale gas companies and regulators alike. The use of Traffic Light Schemes (TLSs) is the most common way by which the hazards associated with HF-IS are mitigated. In this study, we discuss the implicit risk mitigation objectives of TLSs and explain the advantages of magnitude as the fundamen-tal parameter to characterise induced seismic hazard. We go on to investigate some of the key assumptions on which TLSs are based, namely that magnitudes evolve relatively gradually from green to yellow to red thresholds (as opposed to larger events occurring “ out-of-the-blue ” ), and that trailing event magnitudes do not increase substantially after injection stops. We compile HF-IS datasets from around the world, including the USA, Canada, the UK, and China, and track the temporal evolution of magnitudes in order to evaluate the extent to which magnitude jumps (i.e. sharp increases in magnitude from preceding events within a sequence) and trailing events occur. We find in the majority of cases magnitude jumps are less than 2 units. One quarter of cases experienced a post-injection magnitude increase, with the largest being 1.6. Trailing event increases generally occurred soon after injection, with most cases showing no increase in magnitude more than a few days after then end of injection. Hence, the effective operation of TLSs may require red-light thresholds to be set as much as two magnitude units below the threshold that the scheme is intended to avoid.
Coronary artery disease in women in Pakistan: A systematic review analysis

Pakistani populations have one of the highest risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the world. Apart from smoking, women had more CAD risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia) than men. It is recognized that a better understanding of the topics is necessary for a meaningful communication between public, patients, and healthcare professionals. The aim of this paper will be to review the literature on the subject of CVD in women. The review will be in four sections, the first section will focus on contributions on mechanisms of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. In conclusion, this is the first large-scale population-based study from the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent, home to one-sixth of the world’s population, on gender differences in CAD and its determinants. Our findings indicate that one in four subjects aged (cid:0) 40 years may have underlying CAD in urban Pakistan.
THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS Polyphosphate colocalizes with factor XII on platelet-bound ﬁ brin and augments its plasminogen activator activity

ActivatedfactorXII(FXIIa)hasplasminogenactivatorcapacitybutitsrelativecontribution to fibrinolysis is considered marginal compared with urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator. Polyphosphate (polyP) is released from activated platelets and mediates FXII activation. Here, we investigate the contribution of polyP to the plasminogen activator function of a FXIIa. We show that both polyP 70 , of the chain length found in platelets (60-100 mer), and platelet-derived polyP significantly augment the plasminogen activation capacity of a FXIIa. PolyP 70 stimulated the autoactivation of FXII and subsequent plasminogen activation, indicating that once activated, a FXIIa remains bound to polyP 70 . Indeed, complex formation between polyP 70 and a FXIIa provides protection against autodegradation. Plasminogenactivationby b FXIIawasminimal and notenhancedbypolyP 70 , highlightingtheimportanceof theanion binding site. PolyP 70 did not modulate plasmin activity but stimulated activation of Glu and Lys forms of plasminogen by a FXIIa. Accordingly, polyP 70 was FXII, a FXIIa, and plasminogen, but not b FXIIa. Fibrin and polyP 70 acted synergistically to enhance a FXIIa-mediated plasminogen activation. The plasminogen activator activity of the a FXIIa-polyP 70 complex was modulated by C1 inhibitor and histidine-rich glycoprotein, but not plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 and 2. Platelet polyP and FXII were found to colocalize on the activated platelet membrane in a fibrin-dependent manner and decorated fibrin strands extending from platelet aggregates.WeshowthatinthepresenceofplateletpolyPandthedownstreamsubstratefibrin, a FXIIaisahighlyefficientandfavorable plasminogen activator. Our data are the first to document a profibrinolytic function of platelet polyP. ( Blood . 2016;128(24):2834-2845)
OP-SOCO210054 1..23

How do policy paradigms change? This article demonstrates that changing social imaginaries about economic growth enabled paradigmatic changes in USA corporate tax policy in the 1980s. Based on archival sources, it reconstructs how policy makers switched from focused support for capital-intensive smoke-stack industries towards support for emerging high tech-sectors between two major tax-bills in 1981 and 1986. This switch was made possible by the emergence of what we call the Silicon Valley imaginary—the idea that sound economic policies stimulate the reallocation of society’s resources towards new economic fields. The emergence of this social imaginary resulted from political realignments and changing notions of economic growth and justice. The search for sources of future economic growth and societal coalitions led policy-makers to appropriate ideas about the promises of new industries.
The Pressure of Fusarium Disease and Its Relation with Mycotoxins in The Wheat Grain and Malt

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive wheat fungal diseases, causing yield loss, quality reduction, and accumulation of mycotoxins. The aim of this research was to summarize the occurrence of major Fusarium mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), nivalenol (NIV), and zearalenone (ZEN) in two consecutive years to search the relationship between disease incidence and severity with mycotoxins found in control and inoculated grains and corresponding malt. In addition, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) in one-year research was measured. Tested wheat varieties showed infection scores of 3% (‘U1’ and ‘Sirban Prolifik’) to 79% (‘Golubica’) for Type I resistance evaluation. There were few moderately resistant varieties in view of their areas under the disease progress curve, which can be considered Type III resistance (‘Sirban Prolifik’ and ‘U1’). According to the data quantified by LC–MS/MS, DON decreased in infected malt in comparison to corresponding grain, while ZEN occurred only in infected malt samples. Both 3-AcDON and NIV increased in inoculated malt in comparison to corresponding grain, due to a combination of plant metabolism and de novo synthesis by molds during malting. Based on the results, we can draw a few conclusions: the resistance to Fusarium decreased quantified concentrations of DON; ZEN gets synthetized during malting; unregulated 3-AcDON and NIV increase during malting; more resistant varieties have converted DON to D3G more successfully. Modified mycotoxins should be also included to legislation, since they could be transformed back to the corresponding mycotoxins under food processing conditions or during digestion.
5 Prey selection of lions ( Panthera leo ) in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve Benin, West Africa

We collected scats and feeding observations of lions in order to analyse their prey selection in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Benin. Twelve species of ungulates com-prised the majority (89%, n = 156) of the diet. The dominant two prey species were buffalo (21.5%) and Buffon’s kob (17.8%). Based on biomass, buffalo represented 50% of the diet followed by hippopotamus (17%), and roan antelope (13%). Prey selected consisted of 57.1% medium-sized prey and 38.2% large prey species. The standardized mean niche breadth of lions was 0.44 and varied according to the period and the area analyzed (park or hunting zones). The two most-preferred prey species relative to their abundance were hartebeest and waterbuck, while duikers, oribi and baboon were avoided. Buffalo, roan, and warthog were preyed upon according to their abundance. Most carcasses located were adults (73.3%, n = 156). The mean adult lion feeding group size was 1.7 ± 0.9. Despite the lower proportion of large prey species in the lions’ diet in Pendjari, our results are consistent with findings in other areas, taking into account the abundance of medium-sized species in the study area. Further research will help to determine the impact of lion predation on prey populations.
Assessing Overconfidence among Professional Investors Autora

This study examines overconfidence among managers of Spanish equity mutual funds between December 1999 and June 2014. Using quarterly turnover ratio as a proxy for overconfidence and a database free of both the survivorship bias and the look-ahead bias, we do not find strong evidence of overconfidence among mutual fund managers. Indeed, the impact of performance on subsequent turnover ratio is not statistically significant. However, when separating performance in quintiles, we find strong evidence of increase in turnover ratio subsequent to poor performance. We conjecture that this phenomenon could be related to a possible risk-shifting behavior. En este estudio, se examina el sesgo de exceso de confianza en gestores de fondos de inversión de renta variable nacional de España entre diciembre de 1999 y junio de 2014. Empleando una base de datos libre del sesgo de supervivencia y del sesgo look-ahead, y usando el índice trimestral de rotación de los fondos como proxy, no hemos hallado sólidas evidencias de exceso de confianza en dichos gestores. Efectivamente, no se ha hallado un impacto estadísticamente significativo de la rentabilidad pasada sobre el índice de rotación. No obstante, cuando se divide la rentabilidad en quintiles, se encuentra evidencia de aumento del índice de rotación después de una rentabilidad baja. Se conjetura que este resultado puede estar debido a un fenómeno de cambio de nivel de riesgo conocido como riskshifting behavior.
Inﬂuence of temperature on activity of the isolated whole bladder preparation of neonatal and adult rats

Inﬂuence of temperature on activity of the isolated whole bladder preparation of neonatal and adult rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 278: R238–R246, 2000. —The temperature sensitivity of in vitro whole bladder preparations from neonatal and adult rats with or without chronic partial urethral obstruction was investigated. After the bladder was ﬁlled to a volume eliciting isovolumetric contractions, temperature was changed between 19 and 38°C. In all preparations, higher temperatures were associated with higher frequencies of spontaneous intravesical pressure waves (IVPW). In 1- to 2-wk-old neonates, IVPW amplitude increased as the temperature increased; however, in older neonates and normal adults, the opposite occurred. The transition period was at 3 wk of age when bladder volume also markedly increased. At this age as well as in adult rats with outlet obstruction, changing temperature had little inﬂuence on the amplitude of IVPW. Thus obstructed outlet bladders and 3-wk-old bladders had similar properties. It is concluded that the properties of bladder muscle are changed during postnatal maturation and that in 3-wk-old rats, when brain control of voiding is emerging, micturition is abnormal, leading to obstructive changes in bladder muscle. rates.When bladder activity stabilized 30–45 min after setup of the preparation in the recording bath, the intravesical pressure and frequency of spontaneous bladder contractions were measured for 4–10 contractions. The amplitudes of ES-evoked bladder contractions were also measured at each temperature. Results are reported as means 6 SE. Student’s t -test for paired or nonpaired data, linear regression, ANOVA was used for statistical data analysis. A level of P , 0.05 was considered statistically signiﬁcant.
Conflict Resolution by Managers Conflict Resolution by Managers

Conflicts occur in a variety of areas, not excluding the work life. Conflict resolution methods are essential for further development of the conflict in terms of its escalation or de-escalation. The proposed chapter focuses on the issue of dispositional vs. situational approach to exploring the ways of conflict resolution. Results of the presented research projects are based mostly on the theories distinguishing between five conflict resolu- tion styles: avoiding, competing, compromising, accommodating, and collaborating. The chapter also includes the results of the research, in which an original methodology for identification and specification of the differences in the conflict resolution methods within various situational contexts was used. Model conflict situations were placed into three different environments (work, home, and among friends) and associated with two different conflicts (backbiting and false accusations). The results also confirmed the dif- ferences in use of the conflict resolution methods by managers both in terms of the environment in which the conflict occurred and the content of the conflict. Within the framework of these studies, gender-based comparisons have also been carried out con-firming several gender specificities in the selection of ways to resolve conflicts between men and women.
Tai Chi as a rehabilitation method for patients with Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. It belongs to the group of extrapyramidal system diseases. Nowadays it is an incurable disease, not yet examined in its entirety. With the current state of knowledge it is not possible to fully cure this disease, but it is possible to reduce the severity of the symptoms of this disease. Pharmacological treatment, surgical treatment and broadly understood physiotherapy, including Tai Chi, are the methods of treatment used in the fight against Parkinson's disease. Thanks to these methods, there is a chance to significantly reduce the severity of the symptoms characteristic of this disease, i.e. muscle tension, balance and coordination disorders. The incidence of this disease increases with age, and it is most common for people over the age of sixty. It affects men twice as often. The essence of the disease is a disorder in the number of neurons in which dopamine is produced, more precisely in the compact part of the black creature. This causes disturbances in the transmission of information in the central nervous system, which results in three basic symptoms: hypertonia, akinesis and tremor. In the treatment of these symptoms an important role is played by rehabilitation, one of the elements of which is Tai Chi. In the latest scientific reports there are many studies evaluating the influence of Tai Chi on the reduction of symptoms in Parkinson's patients.
Determinants of Voluntary International Financial Reporting Standards Adoption in Poland

The paper examines the determinants of voluntary International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption in Poland. In doing so, it empirically confirms the impact of diverse CEO and supervisory board characteristics on voluntary IFRS adoption. The paper focuses on 446 publicly traded production companies from Poland. The analysis is based on logistic regression analysis. The empirical investigation confirms the impact on voluntary IFRS adoption of such factors as company size, international investors, international supervisory board, number of supervisory board members, CEO nationality. The paper contributes to the assessment of voluntary IFRS adoption determinants, by presenting for the first time CEO and supervisory board characteristics and their impact on voluntary International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption, and the determinants of IFRS adoption from Central and Eastern Europe. The paper enhances existing knowledge of voluntary IFRS adoption by incorporating new CEO and supervisory board characteristics, thus closing a gap in the relevant literature. The results of the paper are significant from the supervisor’s perspective, the quality of financial statements and the effectiveness of corporate governance systems.
ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM

What is the nature of the extremely negative attitudes expressed by so many employees toward their organizations? To respond to this question, we introduce the concept of organizational cynicism. We review the literature from several disciplines on this concept and suggest that organizational cynicism is an attitude composed of beliefs, affect, and behavioral tendencies toward an organization. Following our review and conceptualization, we derive implications of this concept and propose a research agenda for organizational cynicism.
Automatic Feasibility Study via Data Quality Analysis for ML: A Case-Study on Label Noise

In our experience of working with domain experts who are using today’s AutoML systems, a common problem we encountered is what we call "unrealistic expectations" – when users are facing a very challenging task with a noisy data acquisition process, while being expected to achieve startlingly high accuracy with machine learning (ML). Many of these are predestined to fail from the beginning. In traditional software engineering, this problem is addressed via a feasibility study, an indispensable step before developing any software system. In this paper, we present Snoopy, with the goal of supporting data scientists and machine learning engineers performing a systematic and theoretically founded feasibility study before building ML applications. We approach this problem by estimating the irreducible error of the underlying task, also known as the Bayes error rate (BER), which stems from data quality issues in datasets used to train or evaluate ML models. We design a practical Bayes error estimator that is compared against baseline feasibility study candidates on 6 datasets (with additional real and synthetic noise of different levels) in computer vision and natural language processing. Furthermore, by including our systematic feasibility study with additional signals into the iterative label cleaning process, we demonstrate in end-to-end experiments how users are able to save substantial labeling time and monetary efforts.
Understanding the Effect of Data Augmentation in Self-supervised Anomaly Detection

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising alternative to create supervisory signals to real-world tasks, avoiding extensive cost of careful labeling. SSL is particularly attractive for unsupervised problems such as anomaly detection (AD), where labeled anomalies are costly to secure, difﬁcult to simulate, or even nonexistent. A large catalog of augmentation functions have been used for SSL-based AD (SSAD), and recent works have observed that the type of augmentation has a signiﬁcant impact on performance. Motivated by those, this work sets out to put SSAD under a larger lens and carefully investigate the role of data augmentation in AD through extensive experiments on many testbeds. Our main ﬁnding is that self-supervision acts as a yet-another model hyperparameter, and should be chosen carefully in regards to the nature of true anomalies in the data. That is, the alignment between the augmentation and the underlying anomaly-generating mechanism is the key for the success of SSAD, and in the lack thereof, SSL can even impair (! ) detection performance. Moving beyond proposing another SSAD method, our study contributes to the better understanding of this growing area and lays out new directions for future research.
A Portable Multiscopic Camera for Novel View and Time Synthesis in Dynamic Scenes

We present a portable multiscopic camera system with a dedicated model for novel view and time synthesis in dynamic scenes. Our goal is to render high-quality images for a dynamic scene from any viewpoint at any time using our portable multiscopic camera. To achieve such novel view and time synthesis, we develop a physical multiscopic camera equipped with five cameras to train a neural radiance field (NeRF) in both time and spatial domains for dynamic scenes. Our model maps a 6D coordinate (3D spatial position, 1D temporal coordinate, and 2D viewing direction) to view-dependent and time-varying emitted radiance and volume density. Volume rendering is applied to render a photo-realistic image at a specified camera pose and time. To improve the robustness of our physical camera, we propose a camera parameter optimization module and a temporal frame interpolation module to promote information propagation across time. We conduct experiments on both real-world and synthetic datasets to evaluate our system, and the results show that our approach outperforms alternative solutions qualitatively and quantitatively. Our code and dataset are available at https://yuenfuilau.github. io/.