Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hormone-induced 14-3-3γ Adaptor Protein Regulates Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein Activity and Steroid Biosynthesis in MA-10 Leydig Cells*

Background: The mechanism mediating hormone-induced steroidogenesis involves multiprotein complexes. Results: 14-3-3γ is identified as a hormone-induced regulator of STAR function. Conclusion: 14-3-3γ negatively regulates steroidogenesis by interacting with STAR, acting in a buffer capacity to sustain the STAR-mediated steroid formation for prolonged periods of time. Significance: Characterizing the mechanisms regulating steroidogenesis contributes to our understanding of how steroids are synthesized. Cholesterol is the sole precursor of steroid hormones in the body. The import of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane, the rate-limiting step in steroid biosynthesis, relies on the formation of a protein complex that assembles at the outer mitochondrial membrane called the transduceosome. The transduceosome contains several mitochondrial and cytosolic components, including the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR). Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induces de novo synthesis of STAR, a process shown to parallel maximal steroid production. In the hCG-dependent steroidogenic MA-10 mouse Leydig cell line, the 14-3-3γ protein was identified in native mitochondrial complexes by mass spectrometry and immunoblotting, and its levels increased in response to hCG treatment. The 14-3-3 proteins bind and regulate the activity of many proteins, acting via target protein activation, modification and localization. In MA-10 cells, cAMP induces 14-3-3γ expression parallel to STAR expression. Silencing of 14-3-3γ expression potentiates hormone-induced steroidogenesis. Binding motifs of 14-3-3γ were identified in components of the transduceosome, including STAR. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate a hormone-dependent interaction between 14-3-3γ and STAR that coincides with reduced 14-3-3γ homodimerization. The binding site of 14-3-3γ on STAR was identified to be Ser-194 in the STAR-related sterol binding lipid transfer (START) domain, the site phosphorylated in response to hCG. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 14-3-3γ negatively regulates steroidogenesis by binding to Ser-194 of STAR, thus keeping STAR in an unfolded state, unable to induce maximal steroidogenesis. Over time 14-3-3γ homodimerizes and dissociates from STAR, allowing this protein to induce maximal mitochondrial steroid formation.
Clinical outcome of an early psychosis intervention program: evaluation in a real-world context.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether staff training and service restructuring to provide specialized early psychosis services results in improved clinical outcomes for young people with first-episode psychosis. METHOD Staff attended workshops on the treatment of early psychosis throughout 1997-2000 and specialized early psychosis teams began operating between 1998 and 2000 following service restructure. There was no additional funding provided for clinical services, but through the restructure, there was a shift in resources. During this period a comprehensive package including the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale was introduced for clinicians to assess patients at intake, 3 months and 12 months into treatment. Symptom scores of patients treated earlier in the project are compared with those patients treated later, after more training and service developments had occurred. RESULTS Ninety-four of 215 potential first-episode patients consented to take part in the project. They provided data variously at intake, 3 months and 12 months into treatment. Regardless of the year of treatment, significant improvement in psychiatric symptomatology was found over the three assessment periods. Individuals who entered the service in the latter phase of the project experienced fewer negative symptoms (after 12 months of treatment) compared with patients who entered the service in the early phase of the project. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in both pharmacological and possibly psychosocial treatment may have led to a greater improvement in negative symptoms. Benefits and limitations of conducting research in a "real-world" context are discussed.
A visualised manufacturing information system for mass customisation

One of the limitations of current Mass Customisation (MC) practice is the inefficient system interaction between product developers and production data. Production data are normally separated from product model during the product review and evaluation during product development. Product Data Management (PDM) systems have been used to integrate product data in the product development, but the user-friendless interface and weak interactive ability of PDM systems have been the obstacle of PDM. This paper introduces a visualised manufacturing information system to integrate product models and production data. Virtual Reality (VR) technology is proposed as a visualised tool for the production data retrieval integrated to the process of product model review and evaluation in the product development. A manufacturing system can be reviewed and configured rapidly according to the need of individual customised products using the developed system. The proposed approach has been used to incorporate flexibility into the industrial MC practice.
Multi-modal Medical Image Retrieval

Images are ubiquitous in biomedicine and the image viewers play a central role in many aspects of modern health care. Tremendous amounts of medical image data are captured and recorded in digital format during the daily clinical practice, medical research, and education (in 2009, over 117,000 images per day in the Geneva radiology department alone). Facing such an unprecedented volume of image data with heterogeneous image modalities, it is necessary to develop an effective and efficient medical image retrieval system for clinical practice and research. Traditionally, medical image retrieval systems rely on text-based retrieval techniques that use the captions associated with the images, and most often, the access is by patient ID, only. Since the 1990s, we have seen increasing interests in content-based image retrieval for medical applications. One of the promising directions in content-based medical image retrieval is to correlate multi-modal information (e.g., text and image information) to provide better insights.
Design and analysis of Dual notch antenna for MIMO Applications

A Dual notch compact printed Ultra wide band antenn a for MIMO applications is presented in this paper. The antenna structure constitutes two modifi ed coplanar wave guides (CPW) feeding stair case sh aped radiating elements for orthogonal radiation pattern s. To maintain a huge isolation between the CPWs a 45° inclined rectangular stub is placed. The antenna pr ovides two notches at 6 GHz and 8.2 GHz, two split ring resonators (SRR) are etched on the radiators to hav e a notch at 6 GHz. By etching two inverted U slots on the feeds respectively the dual band notched property i s achieved. Results depict that this antenna meets a 10 dB impedance bandwidth and 15 dB isolation from 2.5 – 14 GHz, with notched bands at 6 GHz and 8.2 GHz. Th e simulated result of radiation patterns denotes the ant nna is suitable for MIMO applications. The ante n a has compact size of 48*48 mm .
Fabrication of hybrid optical structure by direct machining

A Moore 350FG 5-axis ultra precision machine tool platform with diamond tooling was used to generate v-shaped diffractive pattern on a refractive sinusoidal shaped structure. The refractive surface behaves like a cylindrical lens and the diffraction grating stretches the line focuses generated by the refractive surface. The structure was machined on an electroless nickel insert. The design and the simulation of the hybrid structure were performed using ray tracing and exact electromagnetic theory. The response of the grating was calculated by using Fourier modal method and the data was used in ZEMAX to calculate the amplitude and the phase of the diffracted rays.
Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Using Support Vector Machines : Performance vs . Scalability Issues

This paper examines the performance and scalability of Named Entity Recognition (NER) using multi-class Support Vector Machines (SVM) and high-dimensional features. The NER domain chosen for these experiments is the biomedical publications domain, especially selected due to its importance and inherent challenges. We use a simple machine learning approach that eliminates prior language knowledge such as part-of-speech or noun phrase tagging thereby allowing for its applicability across languages. No domain-specific knowledge is included. Motivated by the accuracy measures achieved during baseline experiments which proved to be comparable to those obtained using more complex approaches, we investigate ways to improve the scalability of multi-class SVM in order to make the solution more practical and useable. The initial prototype – SVM-PerfMulti – is based on the latest improvement in training linear binary SVM machines, namely SVM-Perf. In this paper, we examine the performance and scalability results of a set of experiments conducted using binary and multi-class SVM with increasing training data sizes, and report the improved training time using the prototype, SVM-PerfMulti, and the remaining challenges to be solved as part of our ongoing research.
High level of HIV‐2 false positivity in KwaZulu‐Natal province: A region of South Africa with a very high HIV‐1 subtype C prevalence

Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV‐2) is found predominantly in West Africa. It is not unlikely, however, that HIV‐2 may also be found in South Africa, due to the influx of immigrants into this country. It is important to distinguish between HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 since the clinical courses and treatment responses of these viruses are different. Routine serological methods for diagnosing HIV do not differentiate between HIV‐1 and ‐2 infections, while rapid tests, viral load quantification and PCR are HIV‐type—specific. The objective of this study was to describe the seroprevalence and molecular epidemiology of HIV‐2 in KwaZulu‐Natal, one of the regions with the highest HIV prevalence in the world and home of the two largest harbors in South Africa. HIV‐1 positive samples were screened for antibodies against HIV‐2, using a rapid test. The confirmation of HIV‐2 positive samples was done by PCR. Of the 2,123 samples screened, 319 (15%) were identified as positive by the rapid test. None of these samples were confirmed positive by PCR. To explore this discrepancy in the results, a subset (n = 52) of the rapid HIV‐2 positive samples was subjected to Western blotting. Thirty‐seven (71%) of these were positive, yielding an overall HIV‐2 seroprevalence of 10.6%. Three out of 28 (10.7%) Western blot positive samples were positive by a Pepti‐LAV assay. This discrepancy between serological and molecular confirmation may be attributed to non‐specific or cross‐reacting antibodies. The use of rapid tests and Western blots for HIV‐2 diagnosis in South Africa should be interpreted with caution. J. Med. Virol. 85:2065–2071, 2013. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A functional approach to movement analysis and error identification in sports and physical education

In a hypothesis-and-theory paper, a functional approach to movement analysis in sports is introduced. In this approach, contrary to classical concepts, it is not anymore the “ideal” movement of elite athletes that is taken as a template for the movements produced by learners. Instead, movements are understood as the means to solve given tasks that in turn, are defined by to-be-achieved task goals. A functional analysis comprises the steps of (1) recognizing constraints that define the functional structure, (2) identifying sub-actions that subserve the achievement of structure-dependent goals, (3) explicating modalities as specifics of the movement execution, and (4) assigning functions to actions, sub-actions and modalities. Regarding motor-control theory, a functional approach can be linked to a dynamical-system framework of behavioral shaping, to cognitive models of modular effect-related motor control as well as to explicit concepts of goal setting and goal achievement. Finally, it is shown that a functional approach is of particular help for sports practice in the context of structuring part practice, recognizing functionally equivalent task solutions, finding innovative technique alternatives, distinguishing errors from style, and identifying root causes of movement errors.
CONNECTIONS, LOCAL SUBGROUPOIDS, AND A HOLONOMY LIE GROUPOID OF A LINE BUNDLE GERBE

Our main aim is to associate a holonomy Lie groupoid to the connective structure of an abelian gerbe. The construction has analogies with a procedure for the holonomy Lie groupoid of a foliation, in using a locally Lie groupoid and a globalisation procedure. We show that path connections and 2-holonomy on line bundles may be formulated using the notion of a connection pair on a double category, due to Brown-Spencer, but now formulated in terms of double groupoids using the thin funda- mental groupoids introduced by Caetano-Mackaay-Picken. To obtain a locally Lie groupoid to which globalisation applies, we use methods of local subgroupoids as developed by Brown- ˙ Icen-Mucuk.
A reactive MILP approach to the multidepot heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem with time windows

The time-window-constrained vehicle routing problem (VRPTW) is a well-known combinatorial problem. Its goal is to discover the best set of routes for a vehicle fleet in order to service a given number of customers at minimum cost. Vehicle capacity, maximum service time and time-window constraints must be satisfied. Most proposed VRPTW optimizing approaches intend to discover the best or a near-optimal solution at once. Improvement methods are old strategies that apply heuristics to insert customers into tours and/or rearrange nodes to obtain better routes. They are performed until no further improvement is achieved. Little research has been focused on model-based reactive approaches seeking a better solution by exploring a small solution space around the current solution. This work presents a new model-based improvement methodology for the multi-depot heterogeneous-fleet VRPTW problem to enhance an initial solution through solving a series of MILP mathematical problems that allow exchanges of nodes among tours and node reordering on every route. By restricting the range of improvement options, the problem size can be bounded and a limited number of binary variables is required for real-world problems. The improvement formulation is based on a continuous time-domain representation that handles assignment and sequencing decisions through different sets of binary variables and uses the notion of a generalized predecessor instead of a direct predecessor. Several types of VRPTW problems have been efficiently solved.
Performance of precoded orthogonal space time block code MIMO system for mobile WiMAX system

Space Time Block Codes (STBC) have shown remarkable performance for Multiple Inputs Multiple Output (MIMO) systems. The performance of STBC can be further enhance by knowing transmit channel side information. This paper investigates how to exploit the channel side information at the transmitter end for STBC-MIMO system using pre-coding methods. The mathematical model for designing the codebook for Precoded Orthogonal STBC (OSTBC) is developed to minimize the pair error probability. Precoded OSTBC is further applied to IEEE 802.16e specifications of Mobile WiMAX system. The bit error rate (BER) performance is also verified for pre-coded spatial multiplexed MIMO system using pre-equalization method for minimum mean square estimation (MMSE) at transmitter end. Pre-equalization at transmitter end outperforms over the receiver side equalization.
Performance Comparison of Web Data Extraction Techniques

Websites in today world consist of a large amount of data as per the requirements of the users. So web data extraction systems helps user in extracting the required data from these types of websites. The basic techniques used for web data extraction are manual and web wrapper. Web wrapper further consists of wrapper induction and automatic approaches. A lot of methods are available which uses wrapper induction and automatic methods. This research work provides performance comparison of manual, web wrapper induction and automatic approaches on the basis of methods chosen as manual (By manual efforts), nX1 (web wrapper induction), DEPTA and MDR (Automatic). The results are compared on the basis of various parameters like precision, recall, F-measure and data extraction time.
Feature Generation for Sequence Categorization

The problem of sequence categorization is to generalize from a body of labeled sequences procedures for accurately labeling future unlabeled sequences. The choice of representation of sequences can have a major impact on this task, and in the absence of background knowledge a good representation is often not known and straightforward representations are often far from optimal. We propose a feature generation method (called FGEN) that creates Boolean features that check for the minimal counts of heuristically selected collections of subsequences. We show empirically that the representation computed by FGEN improves the accuracy of commonly used learning systems when the new features are added to existing representations of sequence data. We show the superiority of FGEN across a range of binary classification tasks selected from three domains: DNA sequences, Unix command sequences, and English text. Finally, we also present FGENERAL, a generalization of the FGEN feature generation method that can be applied to other categorization tasks. We show that FGENERAL can be applied to inductive learning tasks beyond sequences, and in particular to learning in description logics.
Intersection cohomology of the circle actions

A classical result says that a free action of the circle S on a topological space X is geometrically classified by the orbit space B and by a cohomological class e ∈ H 2 (B, Z), the Euler class. When the action is not free we have a difficult open question: Π : “Is the space X determined by the orbit space B and the Euler class? ” The main result of this work is a step towards the understanding of the above question in the category of unfolded pseudomanifolds. We prove that the orbit space B and the Euler class determine: • the intersection cohomology of X , • the real homotopy type of X . In this work, we give an answer to the question Π in the category of unfolded pseudomanifolds. The object studied are the modelled actions Φ: S 1 × X → X. Here, the total space X is an unfolded pseudomanifold and the action Φ preserves this structure in such a way that the orbit space B is still an unfolded pseudomanifold. A priori, the action Φ classifies the strata of X in two types: the mobile strata (containing onedimensional orbits), and the fixed strata (containing the fixed points). But we see in this work that we need a finer classification: a fixed stratum S can be perverse or not perverse. The stratum S is perverse when the action of S1 on its link is cohomologically trivial. On the other hand, notice that in our context the meaning of “Euler class” it is not clear: there are non trivial circle actions having a contractible orbit space B. We show how to recover the Euler class by using the de Rham intersection cohomology IH ∗ (−). We prove that, in fact, the Euler class e lives in IH 2 e (B) where the Euler perversity e takes the following values
THE EFFECT OF NETWORK STRUCTURE ON DYNAMIC TEAM FORMATION IN MULTI‐AGENT SYSTEMS

Previous studies of team formation in multi‐agent systems have typically assumed that the agent social network underlying the agent organization is either not explicitly described or the social network is assumed to take on some regular structure such as a fully connected network or a hierarchy. However, recent studies have shown that real‐world networks have a rich and purposeful structure, with common properties being observed in many different types of networks. As multi‐agent systems continue to grow in size and complexity, the network structure of such systems will become increasing important for designing efficient, effective agent communities.
Spectral processing of point-sampled geometry

We present a new framework for processing point-sampled objects using spectral methods. By establishing a concept of local frequencies on geometry, we introduce a versatile spectral representation that provides a rich repository of signal processing algorithms. Based on an adaptive tesselation of the model surface into regularly resampled displacement fields, our method computes a set of windowed Fourier transforms creating a spectral decomposition of the model. Direct analysis and manipulation of the spectral coefficients supports effective filtering, resampling, power spectrum analysis and local error control. Our algorithms operate directly on points and normals, requiring no vertex connectivity information. They are computationally efficient, robust and amenable to hardware acceleration. We demonstrate the performance of our framework on a selection of example applications including noise removal, enhancement, restoration and subsampling.
Efficient Computation of Zero-Dimensional Gröbner Bases by Change of Ordering

We present an efficient algorithm for the transformation of a Grobner basis of a zero-dimensional ideal with respect to any given ordering into a Grobner basis with respect to any other ordering. This algorithm is polynomial in the degree of the ideal. In particular the lexicographical Grobner basis can be obtained by applying this algorithm after a total degree Grobner basis computation: it is usually much faster to compute the basis this way than with a direct application of Buchberger's algorithm.
Joint relay selection and spectrum allocation in d2d-based cooperative vehicular networks

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication which supports ubiquitous information exchange and content sharing among vehicles with little or no human intervention becomes a key enabler for intelligent transportation industry. In this paper, we adopt a two-hop relay transmission mode to maximize the total spectrum efficiency of a device-to-device (D2D) based vehicular cooperative network while ensuring the quality of service (QoS) provisions of both V2V links and cellular links. We propose an auction-matching based joint relay selection and spectrum allocation algorithm, which solves the matching problem among D2D-V2V pairs, relay stations and resource blocks in an iterative fashion with English-auction based preference updating and conflict avoidance. Finally, the spectrum efficiency and convergence performances are evaluated based on real-world map and realistic vehicular traffic by connecting SUMO with MATLAB through TraCI4MATLAB.
Rethinking Enterprise Network Control

This paper presents Ethane, a new network architecture for the enterprise. Ethane allows managers to define a single network-wide fine-grain policy and then enforces it directly. Ethane couples extremely simple flow-based Ethernet switches with a centralized controller that manages the admittance and routing of flows. While radical, this design is backwards-compatible with existing hosts and switches. We have implemented Ethane in both hardware and software, supporting both wired and wireless hosts. We also show that it is compatible with existing high-fanout switches by porting it to popular commodity switching chipsets. We have deployed and managed two operational Ethane networks, one in the Stanford University Computer Science Department supporting over 300 hosts, and another within a small business of 30 hosts. Our deployment experiences have significantly affected Ethane's design.