Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linearly and Circularly Polarized Filtering Dielectric Resonator Antennas

In this paper, linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) filtering dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) are presented. They have conducting loops inside them. Equivalent horizontal magnetic dipoles can be obtained from the HEM $_{11\delta }$ mode of the DRA and the loop structure. When they are equal in magnitude but opposite in phase, the radiated fields can be canceled out and a good filtering response can be obtained. To demonstrate the idea, both the LP and CP filtering DRAs operating at 2.4 GHz were designed, fabricated, and tested. The reflection coefficient, axial ratio, radiation pattern, antenna gain, and antenna efficiency are studied, and reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results is found. The LP and CP designs have measured peak realized gains of 5.86 dBi and 5.1 dBic, and out-of-band suppression levels of over 19 and 18 dB, respectively.
41GRIP STRENGTH ACROSS THE LIFE COURSE: NORMATIVE DATA FROM TWELVE BRITISH STUDIES

Introduction: Epidemiological studies have shown that weaker grip strength in later life is associated with disability, morbidity and mortality. Grip strength is a key component of the sarcopenia and frailty phenotypes and yet it is unclear how individual measurements should be interpreted. Using data from general population studies in Great Britain, our objective wasto produce cross-sectional centile values for grip strength acrossthe life course. Methods: We combined 60,803 observations from 49,964 participants (26,687 female) of 12 general population studies in Great Britain. We produced centile curves for ages 4 to 90 and investigated the prevalence of weak grip, de ﬁ ned as strength at least 2.5 SDs below the gender-speci ﬁ c peak mean. All studies had received relevant ethical approval. Results: Our results suggested three overall periods: an increase to peak in early adult life, maintenance through to midlife and decline from midlife onwards. Males were on average 1.7 times stronger than females from age 25 onwards: males ’ peak median grip was 51kg between ages 29 and 39, compared to 31kg in females between ages 26 and 42. Sensitivity analyses suggested our ﬁ ndings were robust to differences in dynamometer type and meas-urement position. Weak grip strength increased sharply with age, reaching a prevalence of 23% in males and 27% in females byage 80. Conclusions: This is the ﬁ rst study to provide normative data for grip strength across the life course. These centile values have the potential to inform the clinical assessment of grip strength which is recognised as an important part of the identi ﬁ cation of people with sarco- penia and frailty.
Effect of rest-breaking and fruit thinning treatments on reproductive development in apple

South African production areas receive insufficient winter chilling for apple production, necessitating the use of artificial means to break dormancy. Hydrogen cyanamide (HC) alone or in combination with mineral oil (oil) is used as a rest-breaking agent in many deciduous species. The effect of different concentrations of HC and oil on budburst, yield, fruit quality and vegetative growth of mature ‘Golden Delicious’ apple trees were evaluated; the objective was to determine the presence of interaction between the rest-breaking effect of HC and oil when combined at varied concentrations, and to determine appropriate concentrations of HC and oil, to enhance budburst, yield and fruit quality. Three trials were conducted in the Elgin valley (34 °S, 300 m) of the Western Cape, South Africa, in 1999 and 2000. The first trial evaluated four concentrations (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) of Dormex (hydrogen cyanamide 520 g·L) in combination with four concentrations of mineral oil (0, 1, 2, and 4%). The second trial used three concentrations (1, 2 and 4%) of Dormex in combination with three concentrations of mineral oil (1, 2, 4%), plus an unsprayed control, and a treatment of 6% of DNOC (dinitro-o-cresol) Winter Oil. The third trial included five treatments: 0.5% Dormex + 3% oil, 1 % Dormex + 4% oil, 6% DNOC Winter Oil, 6% oil and a nonsprayed control. All of the treatments were applied at the first visible signs of budburst. No synergistic effect was observed between oil and HC. Mineral oil at 4% plus 1 to 2% Dormex were sufficient to break dormancy. Dormex at 4% (2.08% HC) reduced fruit set and yield.
Coastal gentrification : the coastification of St Leonards-on-Sea

This thesis advances knowledge of the diverse spatialities of gentrification by examining processes of change in coastal towns, drawing upon the case-study location of St Leonards-on-Sea, in the South East of England. Based on rich, empirical findings from semi-structured interviews, content analyses of local media sources, 2001 census data, and a household survey of 173 respondents, it is shown that processes of gentrification are unfolding in St Leonards. The findings suggest that it is beneficial to distinguish between coastal gentrification, and urban/rural gentrification. To emphasise this point, it is argued that there is merit in utilising the term coastification , in order to conceptualise the socio-cultural and economic transformations tied to in-migrants seeking the coastal idyll . The thesis disrupts some dominant theorisations of contemporary gentrification, identifying the presence of pioneer gentrifiers in a coastal town setting. It is contended that simply transferring the representations of urban gentrification to other socio-spatial locations along the urban-rural hierarchy is not a straightforward process. Therefore, gentrification-based regeneration policies should not be transferred in taken-for-granted ways from one location to another. A representation of coastification allows for a fuller appreciation of the effects of gentrification on coastal regeneration policies.
Development of an interpretation framework for the Kruger National Park

The growth of the ecotourism industry has resulted in increased demand for ecotourism and, consequently, the demand for one of the most renowned ecotourism destinations in South Africa, the Kruger National Park. Eco-tourists are highly educated and expect information-rich experiences which can be addressed with interpretation services. Previous studies indicated that the Kruger National Park‟s management neglects the importance of interpretation and, thus, the expectations of interpretation services exceeded the actual experience thereof. Additionally, the Kruger National Park is faced with a decline in public funding and consequently shifted their focus to ecotourism management to support successful conservation management of the park. Interpretation, however is not only considered to be an important educational tool that addresses visitors‟ expectations for educational services, but also contributes to national parks‟ conservation mandate since it influences visitors‟ behaviour to be more in line with respect for the environment, philanthropic support for conservation and general environmental behaviour. Clearly the Kruger National Park should address interpretation services with the aim of addressing visitor expectations but also to contribute to conservation management. The aim of this study is therefore to develop an interpretation framework for the Kruger National Park. To achieve this aim, this study made use of a self-administered questionnaire which was distributed in the southern and northern regions of the park during December 2011 and June 2012 respectively. Only one questionnaire per travelling group was distributed and resulted in 855 completed questionnaires for this study. Furthermore, the aim of the study was realised by means of several objectives. The first objective was to conduct a thorough literature analysis on the components, theories and goals related to interpretation within ecotourism related products. This was accomplished in Chapter 2 and provided a conceptual framework which was tested in the subsequent chapters to provide an interpretation framework for the Kruger National Park.
The Growth and Limits of Arbitrage: Evidence from Short Interest

We develop a novel methodology to infer the amount of capital allocated to quantitative equity arbitrage strategies. Using this methodology, which exploits time-variation in the cross-section of short interest, we document that the amount of capital devoted to value and momentum strategies has grown significantly since the late 1980s. We provide evidence that this increase in capital has resulted in lower strategy returns. However, consistent with theories of limited arbitrage, we show that strategy-level capital flows are influenced by past strategy returns and strategy return volatility and that arbitrage capital is most limited during times when strategies perform best. This suggests that the growth of arbitrage capital may not completely eliminate returns to these strategies.
The Power of Political Voice: Women’s Political Representation and Crime in India

Using state-level variation in the timing of political reforms, we find that an increase in female representation in local government induces a large and significant rise in documented crimes against women in India. Our evidence suggests that this increase is good news, driven primarily by greater reporting rather than greater incidence of such crimes. In contrast, we find no increase in crimes against men or gender-neutral crimes. We also examine the effectiveness of alternative forms of political representation: large scale membership of women in local councils affects crime against them more than their presence in higher level leadership positions.
Evolution of Character Displacement in Darwin's Finches

Competitor species can have evolutionary effects on each other that result in ecological character displacement; that is, divergence in resource-exploiting traits such as jaws and beaks. Nevertheless, the process of character displacement occurring in nature, from the initial encounter of competitors to the evolutionary change in one or more of them, has not previously been investigated. Here we report that a Darwin's finch species (Geospiza fortis) on an undisturbed Galápagos island diverged in beak size from a competitor species (G. magnirostris) 22 years after the competitor's arrival, when they jointly and severely depleted the food supply. The observed evolutionary response to natural selection was the strongest recorded in 33 years of study, and close to the value predicted from the high heritability of beak size. These findings support the role of competition in models of community assembly, speciation, and adaptive radiations.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Phenotypically Distinct Huh7 Cell Lines

In 2005, the first robust hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectious cell culture system was developed based on the HCV genotype 2a JFH-1 molecular clone and the human-derived hepatoma cell line Huh7. Although much effort has been made to dissect and expand the repertoire of JFH-1-derived clones, less attention has been given to the host cell despite the intriguing facts that thus far only Huh7 cells have been found to be highly permissive for HCV infection and furthermore only a limited number of Huh7 cell lines/stocks appear to be fully permissive. As such, we compiled a panel of Huh7 lines from disparate sources and evaluated their permissiveness for HCV infection. We found that although Huh7 lines from different laboratories do vary in morphology and cell growth, the majority (8 out of 9) were highly permissive for infection, as demonstrated by robust HCV RNA and de novo infectious virion production following infection. While HCV RNA levels achieved in the 8 permissive cell lines were relatively equivalent, three Huh7 lines demonstrated higher infectious virion production suggesting these cell lines more efficiently support post-replication event(s) in the viral life cycle. Consistent with previous studies, the single Huh7 line found to be relatively resistant to infection demonstrated a block in HCV entry. These studies not only suggest that the majority of Huh7 cell lines in different laboratories are in fact highly permissive for HCV infection, but also identify phenotypically distinct Huh7 lines, which may facilitate studies investigating the cellular determinants of HCV infection.
Getting beyond the “convenience sample” in research on early cognitive development

Abstract Research on the early development of fundamental cognitive and language capacities has focused almost exclusively on infants from middle-class families, excluding children living in poverty who may experience less cognitive stimulation in the first years of life. Ignoring such differences limits our ability to discover the potentially powerful contributions of environmental support to the ontogeny of cognitive and language abilities.
Pengaruh Keterlibatan Kerja Dan Pengalaman Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Pegawai Di Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Bekasi

Organizational commitment is a person's attachment to the organization. Employees who are committed to the organization will have a strong desire to become members of the organization, the desire to strive according to the wishes of the organization, and have the trust and acceptance of the values and goals of the organization. Organizations will be more effective if their employees have a high commitment. This study aims to determine the effect of (1) job involvement, (2) work experience, (3) organizational commitment in the Bekasi District Education Office. In data analysis, this study uses causal survey method using Path Analysis Technique. This study used a sample of 97 employees in the Bekasi District Education Office who were selected using the Slovin formula. The results reveal that: first, work involvement has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment. This means that the increase in work involvement has resulted in an increase in the commitment of employee organizations at the Secretariat of the Human Resources Development Agency of the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia. Second, work experience has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment. This means that an increase in work experience has resulted in an increase in the commitment of employee organizations at the Secretariat of the Human Resources Development Agency of the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia. Third, work involvement has a direct positive effect on work experience. This means that the increase in work involvement has resulted in an increase in work experience for employees at the Ministry of Transportation's Human Resources Development Agency Secretariat. From the results of the study also found that the most influential variables are work involvement on organizational commitment, this can be proven from the results of statistical calculations with a value of r13 = 0.426, p32 = 0.328 the highest compared to the influence of other variables. Follow-up of this study, employees are expected to have high work involvement and attitude of love for their work so that employees will be more sincere and sincere in doing their work. In addition, employees will also have a great sense of responsibility and a sense of ownership of the organization and the whole that will bring the desire of employees to do work beyond what is expected, to do work optimally and maximize themselves to be more useful for the organization.
An intercomparison of the climates simulated by 14 atmospheric general circulation models

Climatological information from fourteen atmospheric general circulation models is presented and compared in order to assess the ability of a broad group of models to simulate current climate. The quantities considered are cross sections of temperature, zonal wind and meridional stream function together with latitudinal distributions of mean sea-level pressure and precipitation rate. The nature of the deficiencies in the simulated climates that are common to all models and those which differ among models is investigated, general improvement in the ability of models to simulate certain aspects of the climate is shown, consideration is given to the effect of increasing resolution on simulated climate and approaches to the understanding and reduction of model deficiencies are discussed.
PRESENCE OF INDEPENDENT WORK IN THE PEDAGOGIC FORMATION PROCESS OF THE PEDAGOGY DISCIPLINE.

Independent work as a contributing factor to the learners’ cognitive independence should be present in the pedagogic formation process of educators-to-be to prepare them for the application of didactic and methodological strategies so that they are able to develop comprehensive personalities in their pupils in the future. The present study aimed at diagnosing the presence of independent work in the Pedagogy Discipline in Basic Education, Education in Informatics, Psycho-pedagogy and Initial and Kindergarten Education courses at Machala Technical University. The methodological strategy was systematized by means of scientific observation, hermeneutic, bibliographic revision and statistic methods. The data collected were obtained by means of direct observation of 15 lessons and surveys to 50 learners. It was concluded that there are teacher limitations in the orientation and control of task assignments; as well as deficiencies in the formation process of the necessary pedagogic skills that should be developed in the teachers-to-be to contribute to the achievement of cognitive independence in their pupils by means of independent work.
When Was That Made?

In this paper, we explore deep learning methods for estimating when the objects were made. Temporal estimation of objects is a challenging task which requires expertise in the object domain. With temporal information of objects, historian, genealogists, sociologist, archaeologist or conservationists can study the past through the objects. Toward this goal, we utilize features from existing deep networks and fine-tune new networks for temporal estimation task. The results demonstrate that the deep learning approach outperforms both a color-based baseline and visual data mining approach which is the previous state of the art method for the temporal estimation. To gain the insights into the deep network performance, we provide the analyses of neuron activations and their entropy including neuron temporal sensitivity, neuron activity and the correlation between discriminative parts from the deep network and the data mining approach. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of the temporal estimation pipeline for an interesting application such as fashion trend analysis.
Walking Performance during Concurrent Cognitive and Motor Tasks in Individuals with Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study

Background The present study aimed to compare the effects of simultaneous cognitive and motor tasks on walking performance between individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) and healthy controls. Methods A total of 20 patients with NSCLBP and 20 healthy controls participated in this study. They walked at their self-selected speed on a treadmill under 3 walking conditions in a randomized order: walking only, walking while performing a concurrent cognitive task, and walking while performing a concurrent motor task. Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance with additional post hoc comparison (Bonferroni test) was used to evaluate the effects of group and walking conditions on gait parameters. Results The result showed a significant main effect of the group for swing time ( P = 0.012) and double support time (P = 0.021) in those with NSCLBP compared with healthy controls. Moreover, there was a significant interaction between the group and condition for cadence ( P = 0.004) and step width variability (P = 0.016). Regarding stride length variability and stride time variability, the analysis indicated a significant effect of condition (P = 0.002 and P = 0.030, respectively). In both groups, no significant differences were observed in gait parameters between motor dual task and single walking ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicated that those with NSCLBP adapted successfully to walking performance to maintain the performance of the concurrent cognitive task under the cognitive dual-task walking condition. Moreover, the present study observed no dual-task interference under the motor dual-task condition.
Analysis of regional travel time data from the November 1999 dead sea explosions observed in Saudi Arabia

Two large chemical explosions were detonated in the Dead Sea in order to calibrate seismic travel times and improve location accuracy for the International Monitoring System (IMS) to monitor a Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). These explosions provided calibration data for regional seismic networks in the Middle East. In this paper we report analysis of seismic data from these shots as recorded by two seismic networks run by King Saud University (KSU) and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Saudi Arabia. The shots were well observed in the distance range 180-480 km mostly to the south of the Dead Sea in the Gulf of Aqaba region of northwestern Saudi Arabia. An average one-dimensional velocity model for the paths was inferred from the travel times of the regional phases Pn, Pg and Sg. Short-period Sn phases were not observed. The velocity model features a thin crust (crustal thickness 26-30 km) and low velocities (average P-wave velocity 5.8-6.0 km/s), consistent with the extensional tectonics of the region and previous studies.
PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DASAR MENGGUNAKAN E-LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS MAHASISWA

Penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan literasi sains mahasiswa dengan menggunakan e-learning pada pembelajaran fisika dasar. E-learning merupakan solusi dalam menawarkan berbagai kemungkinan jaringan sosial sehingga dengan cara tersebut pengajar dapat menyimpan berbagai catatan interaksi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran. Bentuk perkuliahan dengan menggunakan e-learning sebagai alat bantu untuk memahami materi merupakan hal yang baik. Bentuk video dalam e-leraning merupakan bentuk video yang berupa fakta-fakta fenomena terkait dengan materi perkuliahan fisika dasar pada konsep suhu dan kalor sehingga memberikan efek dalam literasi sains mahasiswa. Adapun yang fokus literasi sains dalam penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan mahasiswa, kemampuan membuat kesimpulan dan pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran umum tentang implementasi pembelajaran elearning yang dilihat dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pembelajaran elearning. Fokus literasi sains mahasiswa materi perkuliahan fisika dasar pada konsep suhu dan kalor yakni pengetahuan mahasiswa, kemampuan membuat kesimpulan dan pengambilan keputusan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan untuk uji coba produk adalah One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan literasi sains yang signifikan khususnya komponen pengetahuan, membuat kesimpulan dan pengambilan keputusan. Hasil analisis N-Gain menunjukkan kemampuan literasi sains mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran fisika kemampuan pengetahuan, kesimpulan, dan pengambilan keputusan pada materi suhu dan kalor menunjukkan sebagian besar kategori sedang. Kata Kunci: e-learning, literasi sains, pembelajaran fisika dasar
The Optimal Allocation of Server Time Slots Over Different Classes of Patients

We present a model for assigning server time slots to different classes of patients. The objective is to minimize the total expected weighted waiting time of a patient (where different patient classes may be assigned different weights). A bulk service queueing model is used to obtain the expected waiting time of a patient of a particular class, given a feasible allocation of service time slots. Using the output of the bulk service queueing models as the input of an optimization procedure, the optimal allocation scheme may be identified. For problems with a large number of patient classes and/or a large number of feasible allocation schemes, a step-wise heuristic is developed. A common example of such a system is the allocation of operating room time slots over different medical disciplines in a hospital.