Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-Negative Tensor Factorization Applied to Music Genre Classification

Music genre classification techniques are typically applied to the data matrix whose columns are the feature vectors extracted from music recordings. In this paper, a feature vector is extracted using a texture window of one sec, which enables the representation of any 30 sec long music recording as a time sequence of feature vectors, thus yielding a feature matrix. Consequently, by stacking the feature matrices associated to any dataset recordings, a tensor is created, a fact which necessitates studying music genre classification using tensors. First, a novel algorithm for non-negative tensor factorization (NTF) is derived that extends the non-negative matrix factorization. Several variants of the NTF algorithm emerge by employing different cost functions from the class of Bregman divergences. Second, a novel supervised NTF classifier is proposed, which trains a basis for each class separately and employs basis orthogonalization. A variety of spectral, temporal, perceptual, energy, and pitch descriptors is extracted from 1000 recordings of the GTZAN dataset, which are distributed across 10 genre classes. The NTF classifier performance is compared against that of the multilayer perceptron and the support vector machines by applying a stratified 10-fold cross validation. A genre classification accuracy of 78.9% is reported for the NTF classifier demonstrating the superiority of the aforementioned multilinear classifier over several data matrix-based state-of-the-art classifiers.
Downlink spectral efficiency of multi-cell multi-user large-scale DAS with pilot contamination

In this paper, the downlink spectral efficiency of multi-cell multi-user large-scale distributed antenna systems (DASs) is studied in the presence of pilot contamination. Based on the properties of Gamma distribution, the closed-form expression is derived for the downlink achievable rate with maximum ratio transmission (MRT). The ultimate rate is also given when the ratio of the total number of base station (BS) antennas to the number of users goes to infinity. Finally, the results are validated via numerical simulations. It is shown that the closed-form expression is very accurate, and the downlink achievable rate of large-scale DAS is much larger than that of co-located massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with the same antenna configuration.
A new flux rotor based MRAS for sensorless control of induction motor

A model reference adaptive system (MRAS) based speed estimator for sensorless induction motor (IM) drive is proposed in this paper. The MRAS is formed with flux rotor and the estimated stator current vector. The reference model utilizes measured current vector. On the other hand, the adjustable model uses the estimated stator current vector. The current is estimated through the solution of machine state equations. The performance of the estimator under regeneration is an important aspect, which is studied in this paper through the small signal analysis. In this paper, the principle and method of speed estimation and control set-up are described, as well as the results of an experiment that verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Scale-Free Brain-Wave Music from Simultaneously EEG and fMRI Recordings

In the past years, a few methods have been developed to translate human EEG to music. In 2009, PloS One 4 e5915, we developed a method to generate scale-free brainwave music where the amplitude of EEG was translated to music pitch according to the power law followed by both of them, the period of an EEG waveform is translated directly to the duration of a note, and the logarithm of the average power change of EEG is translated to music intensity according to the Fechner's law. In this work, we proposed to adopt simultaneously-recorded fMRI signal to control the intensity of the EEG music, thus an EEG-fMRI music is generated by combining two different and simultaneous brain signals. And most importantly, this approach further realized power law for music intensity as fMRI signal follows it. Thus the EEG-fMRI music makes a step ahead in reflecting the physiological process of the scale-free brain.
Studies on Isolation and Antioxidant Properties of Bioactive Phytochemicals from Mango Peel Harvested at Different Developmental Stages.

The food and agricultural industries produce a large volume of wastes annually worldwide, causing a serious disposal problem. This is especially problematic in countries where the economy is largely based on agriculture and where the farming practice is very intensive. Mango is one of the most important tropical fruit and India ranks first in its world production. During the processing of mango, mainly for mango pulp and preparation of amchur powder, peel is a by-product. Currently, these agro-wastes are either allowed to decay naturally on the field subjected burnt. Hence, utilization of biological wastes is of great concern to the industry due to legislation and environmental reasons and therefore, the industry is forced to find an alternative use for its residual matter. One of the agro-wastes currently causing pollution problems is the peels of the mango (Mangiferaindica L.) fruit. Peel forms about 20% of the whole fruit and at present it is a waste product and its disposal has become a great problem. However, these wastes are rich in bioactive compounds, and other valuable compounds. Therefore, the present study attempts to examine the antioxidant activity and antiplatelet aggregation of mango peel extracts at various developmental stages. Further, the total polyphenol, anthocyanin, condensed tannins and flavonoid contents in acetone extract of peels were determined as well.
Large scale system evaluations using PHY abstraction for LTE with OpenAirInterface

In this paper we present the complete methodology of expected effective SINR mapping (EESM) and mutual information effective SINR mapping (MIESM) based PHY abstraction for OpenAirInterface (OAI) LTE platform. The methodology consists of calibration of the ESM techniques using OAI link level simulator and then the validation of calibrated scheme on the OAI system level simulator. We present the methodologies for different transmission modes of LTE including transmission mode 1, 2 and 6 employing single-input single-output (SISO) channel, multiple-input single-output (MISO) channel with transmit precoding and transmit beamforming techniques respectively. We show that the calibration of PHY abstraction is a necessary step for these transmission modes and if properly calibrated then both of the ESM techniques can be used equivalently. Further we show with the help of results that the implemented PHY abstraction in the OAI system level simulator provides the speed in simulation time by a factor of 30 while providing the same accuracy as with the full PHY implementation. Since all the simulations are performed with OAI simulator which implements the LTE release 8.6 therefore our presented results provide portability for other LTE simulators as well.
Entropy amplification from energy feedback in simulated galaxy groups and clusters

We use hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters and groups to study the effect of pre–heating on the entropy structure of the intra–cluster medium (ICM). Our simulations account for non–gravitational heating of the gas either by imposing a minimum entropy floor at redshift zh = 3 in adiabatic simulations, or by considering feedback by galactic winds powered by supernova (SN) energy in runs that include radiative cooling and star formation. In the adiabatic simulations we find that the entropy is increased out to the external regions of the simulated halos as a consequence of the transition from clumpy to smooth accretion induced by extra heating. This result is in line with the predictions of the semi–analytical model by Voit et al. However, the introduction of radiative cooling substantially reduces this entropy amplification effect. While we find that galactic winds of increasing strength are effective in regulating star formation, they have a negligible effect on the entropy profile of cluster–sized halos. Only in models where the action of the winds is complemented with diffuse heating corresponding to a pre–collapse entropy do we find a sizable entropy amplification out to the virial radius of the groups. Observational evidence for entropy amplification in the outskirts of galaxy clusters and groups therefore favours a scenario for feedback that distributes heating energy in a more diffuse way than predicted by the model for galactic winds from SN explosions explored here.
Utilising policy types for effective ad hoc coordination in multiagent systems

This thesis is concerned with the ad hoc coordination problem. Therein, the goal is to design an autonomous agent which can achieve high flexibility and efficiency in a multiagent system that admits no prior coordination between the designed agent and the other agents. Flexibility describes the agent’s ability to solve its task with a variety of other agents in the system; efficiency is the relation between the agent’s payoffs and time needed to solve the task; and no prior coordination means that the agent does not a priori know how the other agents behave. This problem is relevant for a number of practical applications, including human-machine interaction tasks, such as adaptive user interfaces, robotic elderly care, and automated trading agents. Motivated by this problem, the central idea studied in this thesis is to utilise a set of policies, or types, to characterise the behaviour of other agents. Specifically, the idea is to reduce the complexity of the interaction problem by assuming that the other agents draw their latent type from some known or hypothesised space of types, and that the assignment of types is governed by an unknown distribution. Based on the current interaction history, we can form posterior beliefs about the relative likelihood of types. These beliefs, combined with the future predictions of the types, can then be used in a planning procedure to compute optimal responses. The aim of this thesis is to study the potential and limitations of this idea in the context of ad hoc coordination. We formulate the ad hoc coordination problem using a game-theoretic model called the stochastic Bayesian game. Based on this model, we derive a canonical algorithmic description of the idea outlined above, called Harsanyi-Bellman Ad Hoc Coordination (HBA). The practical potential of HBA is demonstrated in two case studies, including a human-machine experiment and a simulated logistics domain. We formulate basic ways to incorporate evidence (i.e. observed actions) into posterior beliefs and analyse the conditions under which the posterior beliefs converge to the true distribution of types. Furthermore, we study the impact of prior beliefs over types (that is, before any actions are observed) on the long-term performance of HBA, and show empirically that automatic methods can compute prior beliefs with consistent performance effects. For hypothesised (i.e. “guessed”) type spaces, we analyse the relations between hypothesised and true type spaces under which HBA is still guaranteed to solve its task, despite inaccuracies in hypothesised types. Finally, we show how HBA can perform an automatic statistical analysis to decide whether to reject its behavioural hypothesis, i.e. the combination of posterior beliefs and types.
Transcriptional synergy by the Epstein-Barr virus transactivator ZEBRA

ZEBRA is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transcriptional activator that mediates a genetic switch between the latent and lytic states of the virus by binding to the promoters of genes involved in lytic DNA replication and activating their transcription. A computer survey revealed that 9 of 23 potential or known ZEBRA-responsive EBV genes contained two or more upstream binding sites; this suggested that ZEBRA can stimulate transcription synergistically. By using a series of synthetic promoters bearing one, two, three, five, and seven upstream recognition sites, we showed that ZEBRA activates transcription synergistically when templates bearing multiple sites were compared with a template bearing a single site. This phenomenon was observed in both uninfected and EBV-infected B-lymphoid cells and in vitro in a HeLa cell nuclear extract. DNase I footprinting was used to show that the synergy was not due to cooperative DNA binding mediated by direct contact between ZEBRA dimers. The in vitro experiments revealed two manifestations of synergy. One was seen when the levels of transcription observed with the same amounts of ZEBRA added to templates bearing different numbers of sites were compared. The other was observed when the two lowest concentrations of ZEBRA that stimulated measurable transcription from any given template were compared. On the basis of both the number of sites and the calculated Kd of ZEBRA for a single site, we estimated that the critical concentration of ZEBRA needed to elicit transcriptional synergy corresponds to a site occupancy of two or three bound ZEBRA dimers. Our results have biologic implications for both the EBV lytic cycle and other processes in which the concentration of an activator changes either temporally or spatially.
Compilation and Network Analyses of Cambrian Food Webs

A rich body of empirically grounded theory has developed about food webs—the networks of feeding relationships among species within habitats. However, detailed food-web data and analyses are lacking for ancient ecosystems, largely because of the low resolution of taxa coupled with uncertain and incomplete information about feeding interactions. These impediments appear insurmountable for most fossil assemblages; however, a few assemblages with excellent soft-body preservation across trophic levels are candidates for food-web data compilation and topological analysis. Here we present plausible, detailed food webs for the Chengjiang and Burgess Shale assemblages from the Cambrian Period. Analyses of degree distributions and other structural network properties, including sensitivity analyses of the effects of uncertainty associated with Cambrian diet designations, suggest that these early Paleozoic communities share remarkably similar topology with modern food webs. Observed regularities reflect a systematic dependence of structure on the numbers of taxa and links in a web. Most aspects of Cambrian food-web structure are well-characterized by a simple “niche model,” which was developed for modern food webs and takes into account this scale dependence. However, a few aspects of topology differ between the ancient and recent webs: longer path lengths between species and more species in feeding loops in the earlier Chengjiang web, and higher variability in the number of links per species for both Cambrian webs. Our results are relatively insensitive to the exclusion of low-certainty or random links. The many similarities between Cambrian and recent food webs point toward surprisingly strong and enduring constraints on the organization of complex feeding interactions among metazoan species. The few differences could reflect a transition to more strongly integrated and constrained trophic organization within ecosystems following the rapid diversification of species, body plans, and trophic roles during the Cambrian radiation. More research is needed to explore the generality of food-web structure through deep time and across habitats, especially to investigate potential mechanisms that could give rise to similar structure, as well as any differences.
Sequential Variable Bilevel Driving Approach Suitable for Use in High-Color-Precision LED Display Panels

A bilevel driving approach was proposed in the literature for mitigating the energy wastage associated with driving LEDs at high peak current. The main idea is to introduce two drive parameters, i.e., high/low PWM current levels and duty cycles, that give rise to a 2-D luminosity control capability. The same idea was later generalized to an n-level driving approach for maximizing the electrical-to-light conversion efficiency of LEDs. Although previous uses of the n-level driving approach have been focusing on improving the luminous efficacy of LEDs, it is shown in this paper that its 2-D luminosity control feature can also lead to a significant improvement in color resolution when applied to driving RGB LEDs, hence making it well suited for applications in large-area LED display panels. In comparison to the first prototype driver proposed by the inventor of the driving approach, a more practical implementation of the complex 2-D driving approach with digital microcontroller is demonstrated. The various technical aspects of the driving approach, including luminous efficacy, color resolution, and color stability over dimming, are discussed in this paper with the aid of experimental results.
Spatial processing redundancy and accuracy of multichannel estimation of radar object angular coordinates

The paper studies the accuracy characteristics of radar object angular coordinates estimation fulfilled by the spatially multichannel procedures, which are based upon a ring shaped model of radar signal receiving and differ among themselves by redundancy factor. It is shown in analytical evaluation that the spatial processing structures of minimal and ultimate redundancies are equate by potential accuracy criterion when signal-to-noise ratio is high, otherwise at the area of low signal-to-noise ratios the advancement of redundancy factor is resulted in estimation error reduction down to Cramer-Rao bound.
The impact of seasonality on multi-scale feature extraction techniques

ABSTRACT A key component in constructing a broad-scale, gridded population dataset is fine resolution geospatial data accurately depicting the extent of human activity. Analogous datasets are often developed using a wide range of methods and classification techniques, including the use of spatial features, spectral features, or the coupling of both to identify the presence of man-made structures from high-resolution satellite imagery. By using spatial and textural-based descriptors to generate high-resolution settlement layers for two dissimilar regions at the peak of seasonal disparity, this study attempts to quantify the influence of seasonality on the accuracy of a supervised, multi-scale, feature extraction framework for automated delineation of human settlement. Results generated by numerous models are evaluated against a reference dataset allowing for assessment of seasonal and feature differences in the context of accuracy. Global or regional mapping of human settlement requires the assemblage of high-resolution satellite images with variegated acquisition characteristics (season, sun elevation, off-nadir, etc.) to produce a cloud-free composite image from which features are extracted. Results of this study suggest an emphasis on imagery criteria, in particular acquisition date, could improve classification accuracy when mapping human settlement at scale.
In vitro adhesion properties of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from cattle, food, and humans

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are able to cause serious illnesses ranging from diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). These bacteria colonize the digestive tract of humans and produce Shiga-toxins, which are considered to be essential for virulence and are crucial in lethal infection. Colon colonization is supposed to be a determinant step in the development of the infection, but the virulence traits that mediate this step are unclear. We analyzed the ability of 256 STEC strains belonging to seropathotype A (the most virulent O157:H7 serotype) to seropathotype E (not involved in human disease) to adhere to HEp-2, HCT-8, and T84 cell lines. Of the 256 STEC tested most (82%) were non-adherent in our assays. The adhesion levels were globally low and were not related to pathogenicity, although the highest levels were associated to O26:H11 and O103:H2 strains of seropathotype B (associated with HUS but less commonly than serotype O157:H7), possessing both the eae and toxB genes.
Improved orientation estimation in complex environments using low-cost inertial sensors

Localization in outdoor environments is widespread, providing improved functionality and benefits for many applications. Extending this ability to in-building environments is a critical prerequisite for many location aware services. Low cost inertial sensors have the potential to improve the performance of new and existing localization systems. A challenging problem in inertial navigation is the accurate tracking of orientation. In this paper we propose a new orientation tracking algorithm that uses a complementary Kalman filter (CKF) for obtaining a reference orientation. A feedback loop is developed, which estimates the gyro bias from the CKF reference. The final orientation is the direct integration of the gyro, after removing the estimated bias. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides significantly improved orientation estimates in the presence of magnetic anomalies and sensor movement, as well as increased stability and reduced noise compared the original CKF algorithm. Position calculations, using a zero-velocity update process, demonstrate the advantages of the enhanced orientation estimate as clear improvements in consequent localization.
Analysis of SURRGO Data and Obtaining Soil Texture Classifications for Simulating Hydrologic Processes

Abstract : This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) describes a method using the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) (USDA 2016a) soils database and Geographic Information System (GIS) to obtain the soil texture classifications from SSURGO tabular data and add them to the spatial soils data.
Depression risks in mothers of children with developmental disabilities: A cross-cultural comparison of Brazil, Colombia, Malaysia and Thailand

Background: Compared with US or European countries, there are fewer mental health services for mothers of children with developmental disabilities in Latin American and/or Southeast Asian countries. Aims: To explore the risk of depression in mothers of children with developmental disabilities in countries with a lack of mental health professionals, we conducted cross-cultural comparisons for four countries: Brazil, Colombia, Malaysia and Thailand. Methods: Using the CES-D, we compared the participants’ depressive symptoms, by which we also estimated the probability of morbid depression. Results: In every country, participants tended to show depressive symptoms. In the CES-D total scores and the numbers of mothers who were observed to have a high level of depressive symptoms, there were significant differences among countries (F = 4.36, p = .006; χ2 = 10.3, p = .015). Conclusions: Considering cultural models, we could apply evidence-based intervention to depressive mothers of children, and conduct intervention and treatment for those mothers and evaluate ways of providing better mental health services to these individuals.