Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting financial performance of new and beginning farmers

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors (farm, operator and household characteristics, along with farm type and regional location of the farm) affecting financial performance of new and beginning farmers and ranchers. Design/methodology/approach - Returns on assets (ROA), a measure of financial performance widely used in the farm management literature, is the ratio of net farm income plus interest payment to total assets. This measure has been used by Gloy and LaDue and Gloy Findings - Results from this study show that although there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between age of the operator and financial performance, management strategies such as increasing the number of decision makers, engaging in value-added farming, and having a written business plan can lead to higher financial performance. Originality/value - More than 50 percent of current farmers are likely to retire in the next five years. US farmers over age 55 control more than half the farmland, while the number of new farmers replacing them has fallen since the Farm Crisis period, 1982-1987. Paralleling this shift in production, agriculture is in a decline in overall farm numbers. Concern in many states arises because the loss adversely affects the future of family farms, the farm economy and healthy rural communities. Additionally, the rapid decline in the entry of new and young farmers is an indication of rising barriers to entry, resulting in calls from within the farming community for public policy measures designed to aid new and beginning farmers.
Impact of objectively measured sedentary behaviour on changes in insulin resistance and secretion over three years: interaction with weight gain. The RISC Study.

Aims . -The importance of reducing sedentary-time is increasingly recognized for the prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Despite this, the prospective association between sedentary-time and physical activity with insulin sensitivity and cardio-metabolic risk factors has been little studied. Methods . -We analyzed data from the European RISC study. Sedentary-time and time in activity of moderate or vigorous intensity were assessed by accelerometry at baseline in 313 men and 414 women, 30-60 years, with insulin sensitivity measured by euglycaemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Three years later, cardio-metabolic risk factors (anthropometry, glucose, insulin, lipids) were available in 549 participants. Results . -In cross-sectional analyses using baseline data, after adjusting for age, gender, recruitment centre and time in activity of moderate or vigorous intensity, significant unfavorable associations were observed between higher sedentary-time with body weight, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, clamp-measured insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion (all P trend <0.002). Sedentary-time remained significantly associated with insulin secretion, after adjustment for insulin sensitivity ( P trend =0.02). In longitudinal analyses, higher baseline sedentary-time was associated with 3-year increases in fasting glucose, fasting insulin and the HOMA insulin resistance index, for the 50% of our study population who increased their BMI by at least 0.3 kg/m² (all P trend <0.01); these relations remained significant after adjusting for time spent in activity of moderate or vigorous intensity. The 3-year increase in insulin secretion was lower in those spending more time in activity of moderate or vigorous intensity ( P trend =0.03). Discussion . -This prospective data suggest that less sedentary behaviour, may counteract in part, some of the negative effects of increasing body weight on glucose-insulin homeostasis.
Theses of the Doctoral Dissertation Eszter Ferentzi Modalities and dimensions of interoception

Committee members: President: Attila Szabó, DSc, university professor Opponent 1: Gyöngyi Kökönyei, PhD, assistant professor Opponent 2: Michael Witthöft, DSc, university professor Secretary: Orsolya Király, PhD, assistant professor Members: Márta Csabai, DSc, university professor János Nagy, PhD, associate professor Zita S. Nagy, PhD, assistant professor Tibor Szolcsányi, PhD, assistant professor
On the timing of marriage and childbearing: Family formation pathways among immigrants in Switzerland

This paper examines childbearing in and outside of marriage as a manifestation of the Second Demographic Transition among immigrant populations in Switzerland. Based on full-population register data, we simultaneously analyse fertility and partnership changes by time since migration. Results from a multistate event history model show that most of the differences in family formation patterns between migrant groups and natives are in the sequencing of marriage and first birth among childless unmarried women. Out of wedlock family trajectories prove to be a common experience for European migrants, but a sustainable family pathway only among Swiss, French, and Sub-Saharan African women. Among married women, it is the risk of a third birth that marks the differences between groups; first and second birth rates are relatively similar across migrant groups. Considering the legal constraints imposed by immigration policies and distinguishing transition patterns by time since migration support the disruption hypothesis among EU migrants and the interrelated events hypothesis among non-EU groups. Family size and the partnership context of fertility highlight which family regime prevails in different population subgroups and the role that immigrants play in the Second Demographic Transition and family transformation in Europe.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Model Discovery Learning

Abstrak. Perangkat pembelajaran dirancang untuk memberikan arah pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran guna mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika berbasis discovery learning berorientasi pada kemampuan berpikir kritis pada materi analitik lingkaran yang memiliki kualitas valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang dikembangkan berupa RPP dan LKPD. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar penilaian perangkat pembelajaran, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Perangkat pembelajaran diimplementasikan di SMA Negeri 1 Tempel dengan subjek penelitian peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 2. Penelitian ini menghasilkan RPP dan LKPD berbasis discovery learning berorientasi pada kemampuan berpikir kritis. RPP memenuhi kriteria valid dengan skor rata-rata 4,94 dari skor maksimal 5,00. LKPD memenuhi kriteria valid dengan skor rata-rata 4,67 berdasarkan aspek materi dan skor rata-rata 4 berdasarkan aspek media dari skor maksimal 5,00. Perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi kriteria praktis dengan skor rata-rata 4,4 untuk angket respon peserta didik dari skor maksimal 5,00 dan presentase keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 100%. Perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi kriteria efektif berdasarkan persentase ketuntasan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis sebesar 65% dan hasil uji t satu sampel.Kata Kunci: Berpikir Kritis, Discovery Learning, Perangkat Pembelajaran.
Effect of Nano Seaweed Extract on Tillaring Pattrin, growth and yield of Barley Varieties

: Two field experiments were conducted in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad (Al-Jadriya) during the winter seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. In order to study the response of three barley cultivars (IPA 99, IPA 265 and Bohoth 244) to seaweed extract in its regular and nano form, and its reflection on the quantitve and qualitve traits of barley, yield and tillering patterns. The results of the experiment showed that the tillering pattern of formation of tillers was excelled in plants of cultivar IPA 265 with a 10 g l -1 of nano concentration of seaweed extract, It recorded 6.30 and 6.27 tillers plant -1 for both seasons, respectively. The spray treatment with nano seaweed extract 10 g l -1 was excelled in most of the studied traits (quantitative, growth, and qualitative traits) And it converges in its effect with a 20 g l -1 regular concentration. The cultivar IPA 265 excelled in plant height, kinetin content of leaves and percentage of fertile tillers. while IPA 99 cultivar excelled in flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, spike length, number of grains per spike, harvest index, percentage of protein and gluten. The cultivar Bohoth 244 excelled in leaf area duration , grain growth rate, 1000-grain weight, and carbohydrate percentage. The concentration of 10 g l -1 of nano seaweed extract was significantly excelled in most growth traits except for seed growth rate, 1000 seed weight, and harvest index trait. The concentration 20 g l -1 of regular seaweed extract for both seasons.The interaction was significant in most of the studied traits by adopting the differences test based on the least significant difference test except for the leaf content of kinetin. It can be concluded that the use of nano seaweed extract at concentration of 10 g l -1 and the cultivation of the cultivars IPA 99 and IPA 265 provide with significant increase in seed yield of barley in the tillering pattern formation and the increase percentage of formation of fertile tiller of the barley plant growth and qualitative traits.
Asset Structure, Capital Structure and Performance of Quoted Industrial Goods Firms in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of asset structure and capital structure on the performance of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria within 2011-2019. The study was structured into two models with property, plant, and equipment (PPE), other fixed assets (OFA), and current assets (CAS) as explanatory variables for the asset structure model; long term debt to total equity (LTDTEQ), long term debt to total asset (LTDTAS), long term debt to long term capital (lTDTLC) as explanatory variables for the capital structure model while performance was represented in each model by return on asset (ROA). Data were sourced from the companies’ annual statements of financial position and statements of profit and loss. The study employed descriptive statistics, correlational and panel data as methods of data analysis. Findings showed that while all the asset structure variables had a positive but insignificant effect, capital structure variables viz; ratio of long term debt to total equity, ratio of long term debt to total asset each had positive and significant effect and ratio of long term debt to total long term capital had an inverse and significant effect on return on assets of industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that while asset structure does not meaningfully affect the performance of industrial goods firms, capital structure has a positive effect. The study encouraged the firms to consider acquiring more long term debts to finance their operations and avoid investing too much on fixed assets.
Environmental regulation and influence on energy-environmental performance: Evidence on the Porter Hypothesis from China’s iron and steel industry

Environmental regulation is a critical instrument for achieving sustainable economic and social development. The iron and steel industry is highly polluting and energy-consuming, posing a significant threat to China's environmental sustainability. Based on the panel of Chinese provincial-level data from 2000 to 2017, this paper empirically examines how environmental regulation affects the iron and steel industry's green development. The findings show that there is a U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and energy-environmental performance. Low environmental regulation intensity inhibits the improvement of energy-environmental performance. But as the regulation intensity increases, it contributes to the advancement of energy-environmental performance. Environmental regulation affects the industrial energy-environment performance through technological innovation, and the relationship between environmental regulation and technological innovation presents a U-shaped relationship. There are noticeable regional differences in the impact of environmental regulation on energy-environmental performance. The findings provide new evidence to confirm the Porter Hypothesis. Finally, this paper provides policy suggestions for further energy-environmental p erformance improvements in China’s iron and steel industry.
Ten-Year Trends in Patient Characteristics, Treatments, and Outcomes in Myocardial Infarction From National Cardiovascular Data Registry Chest Pain–MI Registry

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: The Chest Pain–MI registry affords a 10-year perspective of the acute myocardial infarction (MI) patient characteristics, management, and clinical outcomes in the United States. We report the changes in the treatment and cardiovascular outcomes of acute MI patients over 10 years. Methods: Annual trends in patient characteristics, in-hospital treatment, and outcomes of 604 936 ST-segment–elevation MI (STEMI) and 933 755 non–ST-segment–elevation MI (NSTEMI) patients at 1230 hospitals from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed. Using the validated Acute Coronary Intervention and Outcomes Network mortality risk model, trends in in-hospital risk-adjusted mortality rates were tested between 2011 and 2018. Results: Over 10 years, the prevalence of diabetes (22.8%–28.3% [STEMI] and 35.7%–41.3% [NSTEMI]) and atrial fibrillation (4.1%–6.1% and 9.4%–11.7%) increased, whereas the prevalence of smoking decreased (43.5%–37.9% and 30.2%–27.5%, P<0.001 for all) in patients with STEMI and NSTEMI, respectively. Among eligible patients with STEMI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention use increased (82.3%–96.0%) with shorter median first medical contact to device time (90 to 82 minutes, P<0.001). Among patients with NSTEMI, percutaneous coronary intervention use increased significantly (43.9%–54.5%, P<0.001). Adherence to guideline-directed medical therapies improved in both groups. From 2011 to 2018, risk-adjusted mortality rate (2.8%–2.7%, P=0.46) was stable in STEMI and declined significantly in patients with NSTEMI (1.9%–1.3%, P=0.0001). Conclusions: Risk factors of patients presenting with acute MI have changed modestly while treatment improved over time. Risk-adjusted mortality rates remained stable for patients with STEMI and declined significantly for patients with NSTEMI.
Analysis of Customer Complaint Data of Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Using Different Text Classification Methods

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau is a federal agency responsible for protecting rights of retail consumers. The agency was established in USA for enabling the USA consumers to report complaint and support related information regarding their respective financial concerns with the federal government. The Consumer Complaint Database is a collection of complaints received by Consumer Finance Protection Bureau on a range of consumer financial products and services offered by banks and other financial institutions across the United States of America. There is no licensing associated with the data and is intended for public access and use. Each complaint consists of attributes that can uniquely describe and identify it. These features have been utilized for data analysis and predictions. In this paper we are using text classification techniques like Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Generalized Linear Model, Fast Large Margin, Deep learning and Support Vector Classifier in Rapid miner too l to classify the consumer complaints into respective product or service offered by the financial institutions. This information can be used in prescriptive analysis to enhance financial consumer services and improve the response quality of automated consumer support systems.
The Importance of Measurement Error in the Cost of Capital

Conventional estimates of the impact of taxes on investment may be seriously biased by measurement error in the cost of capital. The existence and size of such error, however, has not been documented. Using panel data on different types of capital equipment, this paper provides direct evidence of measurement error in the tax component of the cost of capital accounting for about 20 percent of the tax term's variance. Correcting for the error with instrumental variables (IV) estimation shows that taxes significantly affect both prices and investment and that conventional results may be off by as much as a factor of four.
Effect of different levels of NPK on growth, yield and yield attributes of gaillardia (Gaillardia pulchella) cv. LOCAL DOUBLE.

The results of the experiment indicated that, application of nitrogen @ 300 and 200 kg N/ha significantly improved growth parameters viz., plant height, number of branches per plant and leaf area and yield attributes viz., weight of 10 flowers and diameter of flower, which resultantly gave higher flower yield over control. The results showed that, phosphorus fertilization @ 100 and 75 kg P 2 O 5 /ha recorded significantly higher values of growth characters viz., plant height, number of branches per plant and leaf area as well as yield attributes viz., weight of 10 flowers and diameter of flower and ultimately higher flower yield over control. The results revealed that, application of potash @ 75 kg K 2 O/ha significantly improved growth characters viz., plant height, number of branches per plant and leaf area as well as yield with attributing characters like weight of 10 flowers, which eventually gave higher flower yield over control.
lectroconvulsive Seizures Induce Proliferation of G2-Expressing Glial Cells in Adult Rat Amygdala

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Technological and Biological Studies of Human Structural Variation

_________________________________________ Extensive regions of copy number variation (CNV) located throughout the genome play a significant role in common disease. This thesis describes the study of a structural variation on chromosome 12p13.31, and its involvement in susceptibility to complex disease, specifically the autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods of studying CNV include oligo-array Comparative Genomic Hybridisation (oaCGH), for which we developed a relatively optimised protocol on an in-house customisable microarray platform. In parallel, studies of the 12p13.31 locus using PCRbased methods revealed a large novel tandem duplication. Using quantitative assays we detected copy number variation within this duplication which occurs at a frequency of ~4% in European populations. At least two distinct points of recombination have been identified, supporting our theory that CNV in this region initiated from NAHR between the two units of the tandem duplication. We assessed copy number of sequences within the tandem duplication in a Swedish RA cohort, and revealed that a low copy number within this region occurs at a significantly higher rate in control samples compared to cases (p=0.001, OR=2.3 (95% CI 1.4-3.9)), suggesting a protective role for this variant. This was replicated in a UK cohort (p=0.036, OR=1.90 (95% CI 0.93-3.82)). We believe that the size of this effect is as large as any previously reported impact of CNV on common disease. An association was also detected in a Swedish psoriasis cohort (p=0.013, OR=2.16 (95% CI 1.2-4.1)). Future investigations into the effect of CNV at 12p13.31 on gene and protein expression may provide an insight into mechanisms of RA susceptibility and development. Given the tendency for autoimmune disease loci to share susceptibility regions, as well as the biological importance of genes located with the tandem duplication, we consider it likely that this region may also play a role in other complex disorders.
Open Journal of Mathematical Optimization

Cutting plane selection is a subroutine used in all modern mixed-integer linear programming solvers with the goal of selecting a subset of generated cuts that induce optimal solver performance. These solvers have millions of parameter combinations, and so are excellent candidates for parameter tuning. Cut selection scoring rules are usually weighted sums of different measurements, where the weights are parameters. We present a parametric family of mixed-integer linear programs together with infinitely many family-wide valid cuts. Some of these cuts can induce integer optimal solutions directly after being applied, while others fail to do so even if an infinite amount are applied. We show for a specific cut selection rule, that any finite grid search of the parameter space will always miss all parameter values, which select integer optimal inducing cuts in an infinite amount of our problems. We propose a variation on the design of existing graph convolutional neural networks, adapting them to learn cut selection rule parameters. We present a reinforcement learning framework for selecting cuts, and train our design using said framework over MIPLIB 2017 and a neural network verification data set. Our framework and design show that adaptive cut selection does substantially improve performance over a diverse set of instances, but that finding a single function describing such a rule is difficult. Code for reproducing all experiments is available at https://github.com/Opt-Mucca/Adaptive-Cutsel-MILP .
Social Capital for Community Resilience in Responding to the 2018 Earthquake in the Cupek Community, Lombok

Indonesia frequently experiences earthquakes as it is located at the convergence of three highly active tectonic plates, making it prone to natural disasters. Lombok, an island in Indonesia, experienced a series of devastating earthquakes in 2018, resulting in heavy casualties, severe damage and economic repercussions. This research focused on the Cupek community in Sigar Penjalin Village, North Lombok Regency, who demonstrated their resilience and survival capabilities in the aftermath of the earthquakes. Despite limited external assistance during the initial hours following the earthquake, the community swiftly activated their resilience capacities, relying on their social capital and collective actions for support and recovery. This research aims to examine the most significant resilience capacities implemented by the community and explain the process of activating them. This research used the concept of social capital to analyze how the community mobilized their resources and abilities, which ultimately ensured their survival during the initial emergency response. The theoretical framework, data collection and methods of analysis were elaborated and followed by the presentation of specific findings for Cupek. The implications of the research as well as its practical applications for emergency responders and planners were also discussed. The main objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of resilience in small communities, particularly emphasizing the importance of social capital in the context of disasters.