Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Gamma naila significant advance or a passing fashion ?

EDITORIALS The Gamma nail-a significant advance or a passing fashion? According to a report from the Royal College of Physicians (1989) there were, in 1985, in the United Kingdom 46 000 proximal femoral fractures taking up 20% of the nation's orthopaedic beds. If the age-specific incidence continues to rise at its current rate the number will be 1 1 7 000 by the year 2016. Approximately half are peritrochanteric fractures and almost all are treated by reduction and internalfixation to allow early mobilisation of the patient (Hornby, Grimley Evans and Vardon 1989). In the United Kingdom the usual device for internal fixation of such fractures is a sliding hip screw. It has a higher success rate than fixed-angle devices but, nevertheless , there is a mechanical failure rate of between 10% and 20% Varty and Dodd 1989). The most common problem is cutting-out of the screw from the femoral head (Davis et al 1990), but others include separation of the plate from the femoral shaft, plate breakage and disengagement of the implant components. Failure is related to instability of the fracture, inadequacy of reduction, inaccurate placement of the screw within the head and osteoporosis. If the implant fails then the primary objective of the operation has not been achieved, and the large number ofpatients means that even failure rates oflow percentage create a serious problem in terms of medical resources. The potential commercial gains for the manufacturer who produces the most popular device are also large. These factors, combined with the current vogue for closed intramedullary fixation of diaphyseal fractures, made it almost inevitable that an implant such as the Gamma nail would be developed, combining intra-medullary fixation in the femoral shaft and a screw in the femoral head. The implant can be inserted by a closed technique and allows sliding between the two parts to permit controlled collapse of the unstable fracture, as with the sliding hip screw. The smaller exposure required may be associated withlower blood loss, shorter operating time and less wound morbidity. In addition, there may be mechanical advantages, the more medial position of the distal fixation resulting in a shorter lever arm and a lower bending moment on the device. the use of the Gamma nail for the treatment of peritrochanteric fractures. The article by Rosenblum et al on page 352 describes the biomechanical properties of the nail and produces some surprising results. As they …
Clinical Features and Predictor of Mortality among Patients with COVID-19 in Shiraz, Iran

Introduction: This study aimed to identify the clinical features and predictor of mortality in patients hospitalized with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in southern Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with COVID-19 admitted to Ali Asghar Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, in 2021. All patients with a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in the study. The required information was extracted from the patients’ medical records. Results: In this study, 619 patients with COVID-19 were included. Sixty-four patients (10.3%) died due to COVID-19, and 555 (89.7%) patients recovered. The clinical signs of breath shortness, muscle pain, low Oxygen saturation, and intubation were statistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05). The results of the multivariate logistic model showed that age >52 years, diabetes, and SaO 2 level less than 90% significantly increased the risk of death in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that patients with SaO 2 levels less than 90% and over the age of 52 and those with diabetes had a higher risk of mortality from COVID-19. Therefore, identifying COVID-19 risk factors and deaths will have important implications for clinical management and disease reduction strategies.
An Efﬁcient and Light Transformer-Based Segmentation Network for Remote Sensing Images of Landscapes

: High-resolution image segmentation for landscape applications has garnered signiﬁcant attention, particularly in the context of ultra-high-resolution (UHR) imagery. Current segmentation methodologies partition UHR images into standard patches for multiscale local segmentation and hierarchical reasoning. This creates a pressing dilemma, where the trade-off between memory efﬁ-ciency and segmentation quality becomes increasingly evident. This paper introduces the Multilevel Contexts Weighted Coupling Transformer (WCTNet) for UHR segmentation. This framework comprises the Mult-level Feature Weighting (MFW) module and Token-based Transformer (TT) designed to weigh and couple multilevel semantic contexts. First, we analyze the multilevel semantics within a local patch without image-level contextual reasoning. It avoids complex image-level contextual associations and eliminates the misleading information carried. Second, MFW is developed to weigh shallow and deep features for enhancing object-related attention at different grain sizes from multilevel semantics. Third, the TT module is introduced to couple multilevel semantic contexts and transform them into semantic tokens using spatial attention. Then, we can capture token interactions and obtain clearer local representations. The suggested contextual weighting and coupling of single-scale patches empower WCTNet to maintain a well-balanced relationship between accuracy and computational overhead. Experimental results show that WCTNet achieves state-of-the-art performance on two UHR datasets of DeepGlobe and Inria Aerial.
Chaotic obliquity and the nature of the Martian climate

Recent calculations of the Martian obliquity suggest that it varies chaotically on timescales longer than about 107 years and varies between about 0 and 60°. We examine the seasonal water behavior at obliquities between 40 and 60°. Up to several tens of centimeters of water may sublime from the polar caps each year, and possibly move to the equator, where it is more stable. CO2 frost and CO2-H2O clathrate hydrate are stable in the polar deposits below a few tens of meters depth, so that the polar cap could contain a significant CO2 reservoir. If CO2 is present, it could be left over from the early history of Mars; also, it could be released into the atmosphere during periods of high obliquity, causing occasional periods of more-clement climate.
Antiviral activity of new avonoids-containing phytopreparation against human alphaherpesvirus 2, hepatitis C virus, and coronavirus

The antiviral activity of the complex phytopreparation (alcohol tincture of Filipendula vulgaris, Petroselinum crispum, Apium graveolens radices; Galium verum, Linaria vulgaris herbs; Calendula o�cinalis �owers) was evaluated on the in vitro models of current uncontrolled viral infections: human alphaherpesvirus 2, hepatitis C (surrogate bovine diarrhea virus) and coronavirus of transmissive porcine gastroenteritis (TGEV) and demonstrated its high antiviral activity to all tested viruses. The phytopreparation solution is an active inhibitor of human alphaherpesvirus 2, hepatitis C surrogate virus (BVDV), and TGEV coronavirus reproduction with a selectivity index of 80, 320, and 320, respectively. In the guinea pig genital herpes in vivo experimental model, it was shown that phytopreparation solution (dilution of 1:100) in case of a combined treatment regimen (per os + application) delayed the onset of the infection's �rst symptoms and reduced the time of disease duration. The index of phytopreparation therapeutic action was at the same level as the Acyclovir (reference antiherpetic drug). The investigation of phytopreparation's mechanism of antiviral action allowed supposing that it could be realized via the induction of αIFN, inhibition of RNA, and DNA synthesis.
Petroleum geology of the Slyne Trough and adjacent basins

Abstract The Slyne Trough lies to the west of Ireland, northeast of the Porcupine Basin and southeast of the margin of the Rockall Trough. The Slyne Trough can be demonstrated to have adequate source, reservoir and seal rocks, but the timing of hydrocarbon migration is more problematical. Structures exist on both large and small scales within the Central and Northern Slyne Troughs, with the possibility of hydrocarbon entrapment at a number of horizons. An excellent source rock has been identified in the Toarcian (Portree Shale Formation) with up to 7% TOC. A secondary source exists within the Sinemurian/Pleinsbachian (Pabba Shale Formation) with up to 4% TOC. Reservoir quality sands have been encountered in the Bathonian (Elgol Sandstone Formation) and Hettangian/Sinemurian (Broadford Beds Formation). A possibility for further reservoir development can be demonstrated in the Bajocian and Pleinsbachian. Sealing intervals have been found in the Bathonian (various levels in the Great Estuarine Group), the Toarcian/Aalenian (Portree Shale Formation/Dun Caan Shale Member) and the Sinemurian/Pleinsbachian (Pabba Shale Formation). The Liassic source rocks are marginally mature in the 27/13-1 well. In the deeper parts of the basin they are probably mature for generation and migration. The Lower and Middle Jurassic evolution of the basin can be estimated with fair accuracy from the 27/13-1 well. The Post-Middle Jurassic history can be interpreted from analogous basins in the region. The North Porcupine sub-basin section shows the complete erosion of the Liassic source horizons. The oil found within the Porcupine basin is believed to be sourced from the Upper Jurassic, which are mature here due to a post-Jurassic history different to that of the Slyne Trough. The Erris Trough is believed to have had a similar Jurassic evolution to the Slyne Trough, but with locally much greater erosion during the Lower Cretaceous. The Jurassic petroleum potential within this basin relies on preservation of the full Liassic sequence in downthrown fault blocks.
Some physical-chemical characteristics evaluation of bottled water versus municipal tap water ! available in Fogo Island (Cape Verde)

In recent years, a continuous demand for drinking water has been growing worldwide, thus demanding stricter quality control of this resource. The present study was designed to investigate the physical-chemical quality of tap water from two locations in Fogo island and two brands of bottled water. The investigated parameters were mainly: hydrogen potential (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature (T), calcium (Ca), fluorine (F), iron (Fe), total hardness (CaCO3), aluminum (Al), sulfate (SO4) and magnesium (Mg). A higher concentration of minerals was observed in tap water samples. A sample of bottled water showed almost zero mineral content, and almost all analyzed parameters were following the parametric values established by Cape-Verdean Regulatory Decree and WHO standards. It is essential to analyze and understand the water label before purchasing any bottled water in order to know the mineral concentration and choose the water that is most appropriate considering individual food needs.
HMGB1: a novel protein that induced platelets active and HMGB1: a novel protein that induced platelets active and aggregation via Toll-like receptor-4, NF-kappaB and cGMP aggregation via Toll-like receptor-4, NF-kappaB and cGMP dependent mechanisms dependent mechanisms

Background: Thrombotic diseases are a group of prevalent and life-threatening diseases. Selective inhibition of pathological thrombosis holds the key to treat variety of thrombotic diseases. The pathological thrombosis can be induced by either tissue necrosis and deregulated inflammation. HMGB1, as an important proinflammatory cytokine and a late mediator, also involves on thrombosis disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Methods: Immunofluorescence, ELISA assay, Platelet Aggregation, Thromboelastogram (TEG) analyzes. Flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis were used to investigated the role of HMGB1 in platelet aggregation and obtained following observations. Results: By doing so, we obtained the following observations: i) Highly purified HMGB1 recombinant protein induces platelet aggregation and secretion in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of serum. ii) Low concentration of extracellular HMGB1 could synergistically promote subthreshold concentration of collagen or thrombin induced platelet aggregation. iii) Extracellular HMGB1 promoted platelet aggregation in a platelet-expressed GPIIb/IIIa-dependent manner. iv) We proposed that extracellular HMGB1 seems to promote the phosphorylation of GPIIb/IIIa and subsequent platelet aggregation via TLR4/NF-κ B and cGMP pathway. Conclusions: In this study, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that HMGB1 interact with platelet might play an important role in the haemostasis and thrombotic diseases. Our research might be provide an interesting avenue for the treatment of thrombotic diseases in the future.
Linking Perceived Workplace Discrimination with Contextual Performance in the Nigerian Higher Educational System

The study seeks to examine the relationship between perceived workplace discrimination and contextual performance. Using the social identity theory and similarity/attraction theory, this paper argues that to foster positive effects of gender, racial, and age diversity while preventing negative effects, organisations should place an emphasis on managing employee perceived discrimination, which the employees may experience while working for a demographically diverse workgroup. Findings suggest that perceived workplace discrimination is negatively correlated with organisational citizenship behaviour.
Effect of Particle Size Distribution and Inerting Mechanism on Explosion Severity of Organic/Mineral Mixtures

The animal feed industry mixes cereals, vitamins, amino acids, and mineral powders to produce a solid mixture called “Premix”. The mitigation of premix explosions is challenging due to the diversity of composition, particle size, and nature of the mixed products. Therefore, determining their explosion safety parameters requires many standardised tests and a time-consuming process. However, it is possible to reduce the extensive use of experimental characterisation by better understanding the physicochemical mechanisms involved. In this context, this project aims to study the influence of Particle Size Distribution (PSD) and the mineral chemical nature on the explosion severity of organic and mineral powder mixtures commonly used for premix manufacturing. Cornflour was mixed with four minerals (sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium oxide) chosen based on their industrial applications and inerting mechanisms (scavenging of radicals, inert gas generation, and heat sink). The powders were sieved to obtain samples with distinct particle size ranges. PSD was analysed ex-situ and in-situ to study the fragmentation behaviour of the products. The explosion tests method was based on the standard ISO/IEC 80079-20-2 using the 20L sphere. The results indicated that due to physical and chemical effects, NaHCO 3 is the most efficient inerting agent. Moreover, its initial PSD did not affect the inhibition performance due to its brittleness and the explosibility test pressure gradient, leading to possible inerting overestimation. NaCl reduced the deflagration index (K St ) less efficiently due to the incomplete decomposition into scavenging agents of free radicals, essential for flame propagation. The unsuitable addition of purely thermal inhibitors (CaCO 3 , MgO) could increase the mixture’s K St due to a dispersibility improvement, dust cloud PSD reduction and radiation effects. The mineral nature selection during product design could then significantly impact the inherent safety in the premix industry
ScholarWorks ScholarWorks

Research investigating dimensions of relationship quality (Markey, Markey, & Birch, 2001; Pierce, Sarason, & Sarason, 1996) has suggested that aspects of relationship quality (e.g., commitment, support, trust) are related to lower levels of body dissatisfaction in women. However no studies have examined the effect of all three measures of relationship quality on body dissatisfaction simultaneously. Trust and support correlated with body dissatisfaction in men and women. Additionally the results showed that lack of support is a predictor of body dissatisfaction in men, lack of trust is a predictor in women; relationship commitment did not appear to relate to body dissatisfaction.
How access barriers and interest disruption affect the activities of interest organizations

Central theories of public policy imply that lobbying is demand-driven, meaning highly responsive to the levels of access that political gatekeepers offer to interest organizations. Others stress drivers at the supply side, especially the severity of disturbances which affect an organization’s constituency. We test these central arguments explaining lobbying activities in a comparative survey experiment conducted in 10 polities in Europe. Our treatments vary the severity of two types of external threats faced by interest organizations: (1) barriers that restrict their access to decision-makers and (2) disturbances that compromise an organization’s interests. We operationalize these threats at the demand and supply side of lobbying based on an (at that point) hypothetical second wave of COVID-19. Our ﬁndings show that while severe access barriers trigger a ﬂight response, whereby groups suspend their lobbying activities and divert to protest actions, higher disturbances mobilize groups into a ﬁght mode, in which organizations spend more lobbying resources and intensify different outside lobbying activities. Our study serves novel causal evidence on the important dynamic relationship between policy disturbances, political access and lobbying strategies.
Obesity , Diabetes and Energy Homeostasis Chronic hindbrain administration of oxytocin is sufficient to elicit weight loss in diet-induced obese rats

Zachary S. Roberts, Tami Wolden-Hanson, Miles E. Matsen, Vitaly Ryu, Cheryl H. Vaughan, James L. Graham, Peter J. Havel, Daniel W. Chukri, Michael W. Schwartz, Gregory J. Morton, and James E. Blevins Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; University of Washington Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Nutrition and Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; and Center for Obesity Reversal, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
ROLE OF PTP 1 B IN POMC NEURONS DURING CHRONIC HIGH FAT DIET : SEX 1 DIFFERENCES IN REGULATION OF LIVER LIPIDS AND GLUCOSE TOLERANCE 2

This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version ABERDEIN, Nicola, DAMBRINO, Robert J, DO CARMO, Jussara M, WANG, Zhen, MITCHELL, Laura E, DRUMMOND, Heather A and HALL, John E (2018). Role of PTP1B in POMC neurons during chronic high fat diet: Sex differences in regulation of liver lipids and glucose tolerance. AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 314 (3), R478-R488.
A variational analysis for the moving ﬁnite element method for gradient ﬂows

By using the Onsager principle as an approximation tool, we give a novel derivation for the moving ﬁnite element method for gradient ﬂow equations. We show that the discretized problem has the same energy dissipation structure as the continuous one. This enables us to do numerical analysis for the stationary solution of a nonlinear reaction diﬀusion equation using the approximation theory of free-knot piecewise polynomials. We show that under certain conditions the solution obtained by the moving ﬁnite element method converges to a local minimizer of the total energy when time goes to inﬁnity. The global minimizer, once it is detected by the discrete scheme, approximates the continuous stationary solution in optimal order. Numerical examples for a linear diﬀusion equation and a nonlinear Allen-Cahn equation are given to verify the analytical results.
Determination of 36Cl Production Rates Derived from the Well-Dated Deglaciation Surfaces of Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington

Abstract The 36Cl dating method is increasingly being used to determine the surface-exposure history of Quaternary landforms. Production rates for the 36Cl isotopic system, a critical component of the dating method, have now been refined using the well-constrained radiocarbon-based deglaciation history of Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington. The calculated total production rates due to calcium and potassium are 91±5 atoms 36Cl (g Ca)−1 yr−1 and are 228±18 atoms 36Cl (g K)−1 yr−1, respectively. The calculated ground-level secondary neutron production rate in air, Pf(0), inferred from thermal neutron absorption by 35Cl is 762±28 neutrons (g air)−1 yr−1 for samples with low water content (1–2 wt.%). Neutron absorption by serpentinized harzburgite samples of the same exposure age, having higher water content (8–12 wt.%), is ∼40% greater relative to that for dry samples. These data suggest that existing models do not adequately describe thermalization and capture of neutrons for hydrous rock samples. Calculated 36Cl ages of samples collected from the surfaces of a well-dated dacite flow (10,600–12,800 cal yr B.P.) and three disparate deglaciated localities are consistent with close limiting calibrated 14C ages, thereby supporting the validity of our 36Cl production rates integrated over the last ∼15,500 cal yr between latitudes of 46.5° and 51°N. Although our production rates are internally consistent and yield reasonable exposure ages for other localities, there nevertheless are significant differences between these production rates and those of other investigators.
Studies on morphological and genetic diversity of Jasmine ecotypes of coastal Karnataka

In the present investigation, morphological differences among the three jasmine ecotypes viz., Bhatkal mallige, Udupi mallige, and Mangalur mallige cultivated commercially in coastal districts of Karnataka viz., Uttara Kannada, Udupi and Dakshina Kannada respectively. The qualitative character of the three jasmine ecotypes was recorded as per the DUS character of jasmine given by PPV and FRA, whereas quantitative traits of the plant vegetative characters and floral parts were recorded and statistically analysed. The dendrogram constructed on the quantitative characters represented two clusters. The cluster analysis clearly suggested that Bhatkal mallige and Udupi mallige are morphologically similar and are distinctively different from Mangalur mallige. The genetic diversity was evaluated using RAPD markers for which 10 random primers were used. The clustering of the three jasmine ecotypes based on RAPD analysis through the dendrogram revealed two major clusters where Bhatkal mallige and Udupi mallige formed together one cluster showing more similarity and these two ecotypes were found to have maximum genetic diversity with Mangalur mallige. The present study showcased the morphological and genetic characters of the three commercially important jasmine ecotypes of coastal Karnataka. The phenotypic studies and RAPD analysis of the three ecotypes clearly show that there are less morphological and genetic variations among Bhatkal mallige and these ecotypes show maximum diversity from Mangalur mallige.