Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic, prognostic and predictive values of miR-100 and miR-210 in pediatric acute lymphoblastic Leukemia

ABSTRACT Background : microRNAs are playing important roles in the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods Expression levels of miR-100 and miR-210 were assessed in bone marrow aspirate of 85 pediatric ALL patients compared to 12 healthy control using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were correlated with relevant clinico-pathological features of the patients, response to treatment, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Results miR-100 was significantly downregulated in ALL patients [median: 1.21, range: 0–434.3] compared to the control group [median: 8.41, range; 0–840.3, P = 0.035]. miR-210 was significantly upregulated in ALL patients [median: 6.34, range: 1.16–1088.7] compared to the control group [median: 2.57, range: 0.11–709.2, P = 0.025]. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve of miR-100 were (64.7%, 62.5%, and 0.642; respectively, P = 0.035) at a cut-off 2.6 and that of miR-210 were (60%, 58.3% and 0.650; respectively, P = 0.025) at a cut-off 3.5. miR-100 overexpression associated with shorter DFS and OS (P = 0.033 and 0.046; respectively). Patients with miR-100 lowexpression showed a significant incidence of late death ( P = 0.024). There was no significant association between miR-210 expression and DFS, OS, incidence of early or late death. Conclusion : miR-100 and miR-210 could be used as potential diagnostic markers for pediatric ALL. miR-100 is a useful prognostic and predictive biomarker for childhood ALL.
Inhibitory Control of Adjacent Finger Movements while Performing a Modified Version of the Halstead Finger Tapping Test: Effects of Age, Education and Sex

Abstract Objective: Selective motor inhibition is known to decline with age. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of failures at inhibitory control of adjacent finger movements while performing a repetitive finger tapping task in young, middle-aged and older adults. Potential education and sex effects were also evaluated. Methods: Kinematic recordings of adjacent finger movements were obtained on 107 healthy adults (ages 20–80) while they performed a modified version of the Halstead Finger Tapping Test (HTFF). Study participants were instructed to inhibit all finger movements while tapping with the index finger. Results: Inability to inhibit adjacent finger movements while performing the task was infrequent in young adults (2.9% of individuals between 20 and 39 years of age) but increased with age (23.3% between the ages of 40 and 59; 31.0% between ages 60 and 80). Females and males did not differ in their inability to inhibit adjacent finger movements, but individuals with a college education showed a lower frequency of failure to inhibit adjacent finger movements (10.3%) compared to those with a high school education (28.6%). These findings were statistically significant only for the dominant hand. Conclusion: Selective motor inhibition failures are most common in the dominant hand and occur primarily in older healthy adults while performing the modified version of the HFTT. Monitoring selective motor inhibition failures may have diagnostic significance.
Synthesis of the magnetic core–shell bi‐metallic and tri‐metallic metal–organic framework nanocomposites for dye adsorption

Bi‐metallic and tri‐metallic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) supported on the magnetic activated carbon (MAC) were synthesized for the reduction of methylene blue (MB) concentration in the aqueous solutions. The adsorbent nanocomposites were characterized by applying the general tests including XRD, FTIR, FESEM, TEM, BET, and VSM. The XRD achievements demonstrated that crystalline structure of MOFs was derived on the MAC by the presented method. The core–shell morphology with nano‐scale size of the magnetic carbonaceous MOFs was detected in TEM and FESEM micro‐images. The acceptable magnetic strength of the prepared adsorbents was proved by using the VSM analysis. The important operating conditions including pH and temperature were also evaluated, while the other parameters were kept constant. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model was matched with the experimental data to show the kinetic behavior of the multi‐component MOFs. The isotherm studies showed that the good agreement between the experimental data with both Langmuir model and the maximum capacities was calculated to be about 66.51 and 71.43 mg/g for the bi‐metallic and tri‐metallic nanocomposites, respectively. Regeneration experiments indicated that the fabricated adsorbents have an excellent reusing adsorption capacity which can be a proper selection for the industrial applications.
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in cyclodextrin nanoparticle eye drops: Ocular pharmacokinetics and pharmacologic effect on intraocular pressure

Orally administered angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) decrease intraocular pressure (IOP). Topical administration may reduce systemic side effects and result in a useful glaucoma drug. The aim of this study is to test the ocular delivery and pharmacologic effect of nanoparticle eye drops containing ARBs (e.g. irbesartan and candesartan).
The aggregation of iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic fields

The application of a magnetic field to a suspension of weakly magnetic nanoparticles should, based on previous work and theory, increase the aggregation between particles. This is due to the increase in the magnetic interaction in competition with repulsive forces due to the electric double layer. This hypothesis was tested using suspensions of magnetite and hematite nanoparticles. Magnetite particles were used to characterise the aggregation behaviour of strongly magnetic particles, which then served as a basis of comparison with hematite particles in a magnetic field. The expectation was that applying the magnetic field to the suspensions of weakly magnetic hematite particles would alter their aggregation behaviour to be more like that of the strongly magnetic magnetite particles. Experimental findings indicate this is not the case. No evidence was found indicating that the magnetic field altered particle interactions sufficiently to alter the aggregation. Aggregation behaviour was controlled by the chemical environment and shear forces. The magnetic field did influence the motion of the particles. In static experiments hematite particles were separated from suspension, the efficiency of which was related to the degree of aggregation and thus particle size. In stirred systems the balance between shear and Lorentz forces affected aggregate formation. As observed in previous work, small aggregation increases are possible but once aggregates reach a certain size the magnetic field affects the movement of particles and does not change interactions.
The efficacy of fractional CO2 laser in acne scar treatment: A meta‐analysis

Fractional CO2 laser is a good option for treating acne scars. However, the clinical efficacy of this treatment modality requires further evidence. To perform a meta‐analysis to assess clinical improvements in acne scars with fractional CO2 laser and non‐CO2 laser therapies. Databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) were searched using the search strategy to identify eligible studies. All statistical analyses were performed using the Review Manager 5.0, and a meta‐analysis was conducted to assess the effects of fractional CO2 laser used as a treatment for acne scars. Eight studies were included for further analysis. There was no significant difference between fractional CO2 laser and non‐CO2 laser therapies in terms of clinical improvement, observer assessment (P = .19), patient assessment (P = .91), and incidence of post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (P = .69). The subgroup analyses showed that the duration of follow‐up had little effect on the evaluation of treatment effect. The efficacy of fractional CO2 laser therapy in acne scars appeared to be equal to that of non‐CO2 laser therapies. More well designed randomized controlled trials and more credible and standard evaluation criteria are needed, and the efficiency of combination therapy requires further analysis.
Materials Interactions and Temperatures in the Three Mile Island Unit 2 Core

AbstractCore debris samples obtained from different regions of the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) core were examined to characterize the interaction among core components and the coolant, to determine the peak temperatures at which the interactions occurred, and to evaluate core melt progression in TMI-2. Estimates of peak temperatures were needed from these samples because of the strong influence that temperature has on core damage progression and fission product behavior. The peak temperatures can be bounded by comparing the observed microstructure and compositions with established phase diagrams. The microstructures were determined by optical metallography and scanning electron microscopy, and compositions were determined by energy and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning Auger spectroscopy.The material interactions among the core components are very complex and involve not only the interaction between the Zircaloy cladding and the UO2 fuel, but interactions with control rod material.
Rivaroxaban in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and a Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve.

BACKGROUND The effects of rivaroxaban in patients with atrial fibrillation and a bioprosthetic mitral valve remain uncertain. METHODS In this randomized trial, we compared rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily) with dose-adjusted warfarin (target international normalized ratio, 2.0 to 3.0) in patients with atrial fibrillation and a bioprosthetic mitral valve. The primary outcome was a composite of death, major cardiovascular events (stroke, transient ischemic attack, systemic embolism, valve thrombosis, or hospitalization for heart failure), or major bleeding at 12 months. RESULTS A total of 1005 patients were enrolled at 49 sites in Brazil. A primary-outcome event occurred at a mean of 347.5 days in the rivaroxaban group and 340.1 days in the warfarin group (difference calculated as restricted mean survival time, 7.4 days; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.4 to 16.3; P<0.001 for noninferiority). Death from cardiovascular causes or thromboembolic events occurred in 17 patients (3.4%) in the rivaroxaban group and in 26 (5.1%) in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.20). The incidence of stroke was 0.6% in the rivaroxaban group and 2.4% in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.88). Major bleeding occurred in 7 patients (1.4%) in the rivaroxaban group and in 13 (2.6%) in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.21 to 1.35). The frequency of other serious adverse events was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS In patients with atrial fibrillation and a bioprosthetic mitral valve, rivaroxaban was noninferior to warfarin with respect to the mean time until the primary outcome of death, major cardiovascular events, or major bleeding at 12 months. (Funded by PROADI-SUS and Bayer; RIVER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02303795.).
Flower Visitation in Relation to Pollen and Nectar Nutrition: Implications for Pollinator Habitat and Conservation

1 Status of Bees and Their Health.1 Provisioning of Food by Eusocial and Solitary Bees.3 Larval Diets . 5 Nectar Chemistry and Dietary Requirements . 6 Pollen Chemistry and Dietary Requirements . 9 Secondary Plant Compounds in Nectar and Pollen . 11 Probiotics of Pollen and Nectar . 12 Quality, Quantity, and Diversity . 14 Influence of Growing Conditions on Pollen and Nectar Nutrition . 17 Nutrition and Flower Visitation . 17
User Preferences Related to Multimedia Elements of a Mobile Application to Prevent Diabetes

Objectives To understand user preferences related to the characteristics of an application that promotes and provides education on healthy habits to correctly design multimedia elements. Methods We conducted a comprehensive qualitative study with a hermeneutical strategy, which gathered information using well-researched questions that were posed to focus groups consisting of 32 participants. These participants were asked for opinions related to multimedia elements to display educational messages about physical activity and healthy eating in a mobile application. There were three analysis categories of multimedia elements: text, visual elements, and audio elements. Results The majority of the participants, 93.75%, were in the low socioeconomic stratum; 68.75% are in a civil union with their partner; 53.12% completed or failed to complete secondary school, and 68.75% were housewives. Based on the qualitative results, we found that mobile applications become mediating tools that support the adoption of actions that tend to improve lifestyles and increase knowledge about proper nutrition and physical activity. Text messages used in mobile applications should promote healthy habits and remind users of their benefits. Images and videos should be accompanied by text and audio to provide greater clarity regarding recommendations of healthy habits. Conclusions Technology must provide accessibility and coverage opportunities, while meeting the needs and expectations of users. It should facilitate primary health intervention through education to transform unhealthy behaviors and generate lifestyles that improve the health of the user and their family context.
Revisiting phytate-element interactions: implications for iron, zinc and calcium bioavailability, with emphasis on legumes

Abstract Myo-Inositol hexakisphosphate or phytic acid concentration is a prominent factor known to impede divalent element bioavailability in vegetal foods including legumes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that phytic acid and other plant-based constituents may synergistically form insoluble complexes affecting bioavailability of essential elements. This review provides an overview of existing investigations on the role of phytic acid in the binding, solubility and bioavailability of iron, zinc and calcium with a focus on legumes. Given the presence of various interference factors within legume matrices, current findings suggest that the commonly adapted approach of using phytic acid-element molar ratios as a bioavailability predictor may only be valid in limited circumstances. In particular, differences between protein properties and molar concentrations of other interacting ions are likely responsible for the observed poor correlations. The role of phytate degradation in element bioavailability has been previously examined, and in this review we re-emphasize its importance as a tool to enhance mineral bioavailability of mineral fortified legume crops. Food processing strategies to achieve phytate reduction were identified as promising tools to increase mineral bioavailability and included germination and fermentation, particularly when other bioavailability promoters (e.g. NaCl) are simultaneously added.
Decreased cortical gyrification in patients with bipolar disorder

Abstract Background An aberrant neural connectivity has been known to be associated with bipolar disorder (BD). Local gyrification may reflect the early neural development of cortical connectivity and has been studied as a possible endophenotype of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate differences in the local gyrification index (LGI) in each cortical region between patients with BD and healthy controls (HCs). Methods LGI values, as measured using FreeSurfer software, were compared between 61 patients with BD and 183 HCs. The values were also compared between patients with BD type I and type II as a sub-group analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated whether there was a correlation between LGI values and illness duration or depressive symptom severity in patients with BD. Results Patients with BD showed significant hypogyria in various cortical regions, including the left inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis), precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, superior temporal cortex, insula, right entorhinal cortex, and both transverse temporal cortices, compared to HCs after the Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05/66, 0.000758). LGI was not associated with clinical factors such as illness duration, depressive symptom severity, and lithium treatment. No significant differences in cortical gyrification according to the BD subtype were found. Conclusions BD appears to be characterized by a significant regionally localized hypogyria, in various cortical areas. This abnormality may be a structural and developmental endophenotype marking the risk for BD, and it might help to clarify the etiology of BD.
Spectral Properties of

We study the spectral properties of magnetic edge states, which exist in the interior and exterior spectra of magnetic quantum billiards. To quantize the billiards, the boundary integral method is extended to the magnetic problem and to general boundary conditions. By virtue of an analytical regularization of the (hyper-)singular integral operators, we obtain for the first time precise quantum spectra even in the extreme semiclassical regime. The insight gained into the structure of the spectral determinant enables us to derive the semiclassical trace formula for magnetic billiards from first principles. We propose a spectral measure, which quantifies the intuitive notion of edge states. This density of edge states allows to analyse the interior and exterior spectra statistically, and to describe them semiclassically. We find strong, non-trivial cross-correlations between the interior and exterior spectra. These correlations are based on a duality of the corresponding classical dynamics. Our analytical results are confirmed by extensive numerical studies.
Imaging the eye and its relevance to diabetes care

Diabetes is a major cause of vision loss globally, yet this devastating complication is largely preventable. Early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy necessitates screening. Ocular imaging is widely used clinically, both for the screening and management of diabetic retinopathy. Common eye conditions, such as glaucoma, cataracts and retinal vessel thrombosis, and signs of systemic conditions, such as hypertension, are frequently revealed. As well as imaging by a skilled clinician during an eye examination, non‐ophthalmic clinicians, such as general practitioners, endocrinologists, nurses and trained health workers, can also can carry out diabetic eye screening. This process usually comprises local imaging with remote grading, mostly human grading. However, grading incorporating artificial intelligence is emerging. In a clinical research context, retinal vasculature analyses using semi‐automated software in many populations have identified associations between retinal vessel geometry, such as vessel caliber, and the risk of diabetic retinopathy and other chronic complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Similarly, evaluation of corneal nerves by corneal confocal microscopy is revealing diabetes‐related abnormalities, and associations with and predictive power for other chronic diabetes complications. As yet, the value of retinal vessel geometry and corneal confocal microscopy measures at an individual level is uncertain. In this article, targeting non‐ocular clinicians and researchers, we review existent and emerging ocular imaging and grading tools, including artificial intelligence, and their associations between ocular imaging findings and diabetes and its chronic complications.
Homicide by men diagnosed with schizophrenia: national case–control study

Background Some people diagnosed with schizophrenia are more prone to committing acts of serious violence, especially in the presence of drug or alcohol misuse. The rarity of homicide has meant that no large controlled study has previously examined clinical risk factors. Aims To determine the risk factors for homicide by males diagnosed with schizophrenia. Method A national nested case–control study of all previously admitted males diagnosed with schizophrenia, convicted of homicide between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2012. Univariate and multivariable conditional logistic regression models were fitted to identify predictors of homicide in this population. Results During the observation period 160 male patients with schizophrenia and a history of psychiatric admission were convicted of homicide, and they were matched with 542 male control patients who had not been convicted of homicide. Patients who committed homicide were more likely to have a history of violence and comorbid personality disorder or drug misuse. They were more likely to have missed their last contact with services prior to the offence and to have been non-adherent with their treatment plan. Almost all (94%) of homicides were committed by patients who had a history of alcohol or drug misuse and/or who were not in receipt of planned treatment. Conclusions In England and Wales, homicides by patients with schizophrenia without substance misuse and in receipt of planned care are exceptionally rare. To prevent serious violence, mental health services should focus on drug and alcohol misuse, treatment adherence and maintaining contact with services.
Early Onset of Coronary Artery Calcification in Women With Previous Preeclampsia

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Preeclampsia, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and atherosclerotic plaque are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. We determined at what age CAC becomes apparent on coronary computed tomography after preeclampsia and to what extent modifiable cardiovascular risk factors were associated. Methods: We measured cardiovascular risk factors, CAC by coronary computed tomography, and coronary plaque by coronary computed tomography angiography in 258 previously preeclamptic women aged 40-63. Results were compared to 644 age- and ethnicity-equivalent women from the Framingham Heart Study with previous normotensive pregnancies. Results: Any CAC was more prevalent after preeclampsia than after a normotensive pregnancy (20% versus 13%). However, this difference was greatest and statistically significant only in women ages 45 to 50 (23% versus 10%). The degree of CAC advanced 4× faster between the ages of 40 to 45 and ages 45 to 50 in women with a history of preeclampsia (odds ratio, 4.3 [95% CI, 1.5–12.2] versus odds ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 0.6–2.3]). Women with a preeclampsia history maintained greater advancement of CAC with age into their early 60s, although this difference declined after the perimenopausal years. Women with a previous normotensive pregnancy were 4.9 years (95% CI, 1.8–8.0) older when they had similar CAC scores as previously preeclamptic women. These observations were not explained by the greater prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors, and the higher Framingham Risk Scores also observed in women with a history of preeclampsia. Conclusions: Previously preeclamptic women have more modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and develop CAC ≈5 years earlier from the age of 45 years onwards compared to women with normotensive pregnancies. Therefore, women who experienced preeclampsia might benefit from regular cardiovascular screening and intervention before this age. Registration: URL: https://www.trialregister. nl/trial/5406; Unique identifier: NTR5531.