Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Two‐Dimensional Water Quality Model

A two‐dimensional, laterally averaged, finite‐difference hydrodynamic and transport water quality model was applied to DeGray Lake, Arkansas, a reservoir extensively studied by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The reservoir was known to exhibit strong longitudinal and vertical gradients in water quality, while lateral variations were generally small. DeGray Lake exhibited dissolved oxygen declines in the metalimnion of the main pool and hypolimnion of headwater regions during summer and fall months. Field data from two separate years were used to calibrate and verify the model. Spatial and temporal variations in dissolved oxygen concentrations and other water quality variables were successfully predicted throughout the stratification cycles.
Emerging Genetic Tools to Investigate Molecular Pathways Related to Heat Stress in Chickens: A Review

Simple Summary New genomic tools have been used as an instrument in order to assess the molecular pathway involved in heat stress resistance. Local chicken breeds have a better attitude to face heat stress. This review aims to summarize studies linked to chickens, heat stress, and heat shock protein. Abstract Chicken products are the most consumed animal-sourced foods at a global level across greatly diverse cultures, traditions, and religions. The consumption of chicken meat has increased rapidly in the past few decades and chicken meat is the main animal protein source in developing countries. Heat stress is one of the environmental factors which decreases the productive performance of poultry and meat quality. Heat stress produces the over-expression of heat shock factors and heat shock proteins in chicken tissues. Heat shock proteins regulate several molecular pathways in cells in response to stress conditions, changing the homeostasis of cells and tissues. These changes can affect the physiology of the tissue and hence the production ability of chickens. Indeed, commercial chicken strains can reach a high production level, but their body metabolism, being comparatively accelerated, has poor thermoregulation. In contrast, native backyard chickens are more adapted to the environments in which they live, with a robustness that allows them to survive and reproduce constantly. In the past few years, new molecular tools have been developed, such as RNA-Seq, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and bioinformatics approaches such as Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Based on these genetic tools, many studies have detected the main pathways involved in cellular response mechanisms. In this context, it is necessary to clarify all the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in heat stress response. Hence, this paper aims to review the ability of the new generation of genetic tools to clarify the molecular pathways associated with heat stress in chickens, offering new perspectives for the use of these findings in the animal breeding field.
Cross-linking of poly(vinyl alcohol) with N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide via a radical reaction to prepare pervaporation membranes

To retain the hydroxyl group of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), ammonium persulfate (APS) was used to initiate the polymerization of hydrogen on the PVA chain. Rather than hydroxyl-based cross-linking, the generated PVA macromolecule radicals were cross-linked with N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) to prepare PVA membranes. The PVA membranes were shown to be successfully cross-linked via FT-IR characterization, as well as measurements of swelling degree and gel fraction. With increasing the content of cross-linker, the swelling degree of the membranes decreased, and the gel fraction increased. The pervaporation performance of the membrane was investigated by separating 95 wt% ethanol aqueous solutions. The cross-linked PVA membrane containing 0.5 wt% cross-linker yielded a high permeate water content (99 wt%) and a total flux of 353 g m−2 h−1 at 40 °C. As the feed temperature increased, the total flux increased, while the permeate water content decreased. The cross-linked membrane exhibited good durability over long-term operation.
Performance of sheep fed NaOH-treated straw with browse compared with urea-treated straw

Two experiments were carried out to study the relative intakes and performance of sheep fed NaOH-treated straw supplemented with browse or shrub compared with sheep fed urea-treated straw. The shrub or browse used were Securinga virosa, Milletia thonningii , and Delonix regia . The browse/shrub was fed together with NaOH-treated rice straw (STS) (44.2 g NaOH in 118 g water per kg straw) and compared with urea-treated straw (UTS) (75.5 g urea in 434.3 ml water per kg straw). In Experiment 1, significant differences (P 0.75 ) compared to the others (42 to 44 g/kg 0.75 ). Straw intake was higher on UTS (43 g/kg 0.75 ) compared to the others (31 to 34 g/kg 0.75 ). Intake of browse was lower with Delonix (7.0 g/kg 0.75 ) compared to the others (10 g/kg 0.75 ). No significant differences (P 0.75 , straw intake ranged between 36 and 51 g/kg0.75, and browse intake between 9 and 14 g/kg 0.75 . Daily weight gain was between 44 and 62 g/d while feed conversion ratio ranged between 6 and 8 kg kg -1 . Le rendement de mouton nourri de paille traitee de NaOH avec un brout par comparaison avec la paille traitee d'uree Resume Deux experiences se sont deroulees pour etudier les consommations et les rendements relatifs de mouton nourri de paille traitee de NaOH et avec le brout ou l'arbuste comme regime complementaire par comparaison avec le mouton nourri de paille traitee d' uree. L' arbuste ou le brout utilise etaient Securinege virosa, Milletia thonningii et Delonix regia . L' arbuste/le brout etait donne a manger conjointement avec la paille de riz traitee de NaOH (PTS) (44.2 g NaOH en 118 g d'eau par kg de paille) par comparaison avec la paille traitee d' uree (PTU) (75.5g d' uree en 434.3 ml d'eau par kg de paille). En Experience 1, des differences (P Delonix avaient une consommation plus basse (38 g/kg 0.75 ) en comparaison des autres (42 a 44 g/kg 0.75 ). La consommation de paille etait plus elevee avec PTU (43 g/kg 0.75 ) en comparaison des autres (31 a 34 g/kg 0.75 ). La consommation de brout etait plus basse avec Delonix (7.0 g/kg 0.75 ) en comparaison des autres (10 g/kg 0.75 ). Aucune difference considerable (P > 0.05) n' etait observee parmi les groupes de traitement soit en pH de rumen soit les niveaux d' ammoniaque. En Experience 2, des differences considerables (P 0.75 , la consommation de paille totale variait entre 36 et 51g/kg 0.75 et la consommation de brout total variait entre 9 et 14 g/kg 0.75 . Le gain de poids quotidien etait entre 44 et 62 g/j alors que la proportion de conversion de ration variait entre 6 et 8 kg kg -1 . Ghana Jnl agric. Sci. Vol.33(2) 2000: 213-219
Personality-Based Affective Adaptation Methods for Intelligent Systems

In this article, we propose using personality assessment as a way to adapt affective intelligent systems. This psychologically-grounded mechanism will divide users into groups that differ in their reactions to affective stimuli for which the behaviour of the system can be adjusted. In order to verify the hypotheses, we conducted an experiment on 206 people, which consisted of two proof-of-concept demonstrations: a “classical” stimuli presentation part, and affective games that provide a rich and controllable environment for complex emotional stimuli. Several significant links between personality traits and the psychophysiological signals (electrocardiogram (ECG), galvanic skin response (GSR)), which were gathered while using the BITalino (r)evolution kit platform, as well as between personality traits and reactions to complex stimulus environment, are promising results that indicate the potential of the proposed adaptation mechanism.
Safely sleeping? : an exploration of mothers' understanding of safe sleep practices and factors that influence reducing risks in their infant's sleep environment

In spite of widespread awareness of the risk factors for sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI), many infants continue to be exposed to a range of risks, and most deaths now occur in situations where risk reduction measures have not been followed. SUDI is also more likely to occur in families with identified vulnerabilities such as young maternal age, low educational achievement, smoking, alcohol and substance use. Families with these characteristics can be described as having a higher risk for SUDI and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This study adopts a qualitative approach using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), to gain an understanding about the lived experience of young first-time mothers identified as being at increased risk for experiencing SUDI, their understanding of safe sleep practices, what factors influence their decision-making and behaviour in relation to their infant's sleep environment, and whether infant-care practices change over time. A homogeneous sample of five first-time mothers, with identified characteristics known to increase the risk of experiencing SUDI, were recruited antenatally. Serial in-depth interviews were conducted during the antenatal and postnatal period. The interviews were transcribed, and data analysed to identify emergent, subordinate and superordinate themes. Superordinate themes of transition, the construction of knowledge, and fractured application, revealed that adolescence was the context for understanding how information shared with them was received and processed, and ultimately how that knowledge was translated and applied. Filiano and Kinney’s (1994) triple-risk hypothesis has been enhanced to explain the emergent theories generated from this inductive research, adding a new domain of ‘social vulnerability’. This new domain recognises the unique contribution that this exploratory research makes in providing a deeper understanding of the lived experience of vulnerable young mothers; and how this context impacts on their decision-making with regard to infant-care practices, and how this may increase the risk of SIDS to their infant in the sleep environment.
First-principles and experimental investigation of the morphology of layer-structured LiNiO2 and LiCoO2

LiNiO2 (LNO)-based layered materials for use as cathodes in lithium ion batteries generally take the form of agglomerates composed of small particles. Such morphologies produce low electrode densities compared with LiCoO2 (LCO). In this study, the surface energies of various LNO and LCO crystal facets were calculated, and the morphological characteristics of the materials were interpreted based on these results. Crystal models were constructed and the energy of each facet was calculated using density functional theory methods. The chemical mechanisms underlying the atomic structure at each type of facet surface were analyzed using molecular orbital methods. All facet planes yielded surface energies for LNO that were lower than those for LCO. Atoms in the LNO crystal were found to be less ionized than in LCO, which provided weaker ionic bonding and a lower surface energy. The surface energy was proposed to be the main driving force underlying the morphological differences between LNO and LCO. LNO was expected to favor a high fraction of Li atoms at the facet planes. The interpretations based on the theoretical calculations were supported by the experimental results and showed excellent agreement.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Kaynaştırma Eğitimine İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi

Bu arastirmanin amaci sinif ogretmenlerinin kaynastirma ogrencilerinin egitimine yonelik goruslerinin incelenmesidir. Calismada nitel arastirma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanilmistir. Arastirma Antalya ili merkez ilcelerinden Muratpasa’da yer alan bir devlet ilkokulunda tam zamanli calisan 5 sinif ogretmeni ile gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirmaya katilan ogretmenlerin seciminde kartopu ornekleme yontemi kullanilmistir. Arastirma verileri arastirmacilar tarafindan gelistirilen yari yapilandirilmis gorusme formu ile elde dilmistir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde icerik analizi teknigi kullanilmistir. Calismadan elde edilen sonuclar arasinda kaynastirma egitiminde ogretmenler ile diger paydaslar arasinda yeterli duzeyde isbirliginin olmadigi, ogretmenlerin bu surecte hem kisisel hem de mesleki olarak cesitli sorunlar yasadiklari gorulmektedir. Rehberlik servislerinin yeterli duzeyde isbirligi icerisinde olmadikari, aile farkindaliginin ise bu surecte cok alt seviyelerde kaldigi belirtilmistir. Sinif ogretmenleri kaynastirma uygulamalari, hizmet ici egitim ve uzman destegi konularinda yetersiz olduklarini ve velilerin cocuklarinin farkli oldugunu kabul etmemelerinin kaynastirma uygulamasindaki en buyuk sorunlardan birisi oldugunu, gereken destegin saglanmasi durumunda ise kaynastirma egitimi uygulamalarinda da cok daha basarili olacaklarini belirtmektedir. Elde edilen sonuclara iliskin ileriki arastirmalara yol gosterici nitelikte oneriler getirilerek calisma sonuclari raporlastirilarak sunulmustur.
NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles Catalytic Effects of Improving LiAlH4 Dehydrogenation Properties

The effects of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles addition on the dehydrogenation behavior of LiAlH4 were investigated. The onset dehydrogenation temperature for LiAlH4+3 mol % NiFe2O4 sample is 61 °C, which decreased by 94 °C compared with the as-received LiAlH4 and released ∼7.2 wt % hydrogen when heated to 180 °C. Isothermal desorption measurements show that the 3 mol % NiFe2O4-doped sample releases ∼7.0 wt % of hydrogen in 91 min at 120 °C, which is 6.3 wt % higher than the as-received LiAlH4 under the same conditions. Through calculating the apparent activation energy of the LiAlH4 samples with and without NiFe2O4 for the first two dehydrogenation stages, the Ea of the LiAlH4+3 mol % NiFe2O4 sample is 54.3 and 70.8 kJ/mol, resulting in 52.5 and 59% decrease, respectively, compared with the as-received LiAlH4. Analyzing the X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results, it is reasonable to believe that the remarkable improvement of dehydrogenation properties of NiFe2O4-doped LiAlH4 results .
Effect of nanoparticles concentration on electromagnetic-assisted oil recovery using ZnO nanofluids

Utilization of metal-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has generated substantial recent research interest in this area. Among these NPs, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have demonstrated promising results in improving oil recovery due to their prominent thermal properties. These nanoparticles can also be polarized by electromagnetic (EM) field, which offers a unique Nano-EOR approach called EM-assisted Nano-EOR. However, the impact of NPs concentrations on oil recovery mechanism under EM field has not been well established. For this purpose, ZnO nanofluids (ZnO-NFs) of two different particle sizes (55.7 and 117.1 nm) were formed by dispersing NPs between 0.01 wt. % to 0.1 wt. % in a basefluid of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and NaCl to study their effect on oil recovery mechanism under the electromagnetic field. This mechanism involved parameters, including mobility ratio, interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability. The displacement tests were conducted in water-wet sandpacks at 95˚C, by employing crude oil from Tapis. Three tertiary recovery scenarios have been performed, including (i) SDBS surfactant flooding as a reference, (ii) ZnO-NFs flooding, and (iii) EM-assisted ZnO-NFs flooding. Compare with incremental oil recovery from surfactant flooding (2.1% original oil in place/OOIP), nanofluid flooding reaches up to 10.2% of OOIP at optimal 0.1 wt. % ZnO (55.7 nm). Meanwhile, EM-assisted nanofluid flooding at 0.1 wt. % ZnO provides a maximum oil recovery of 10.39% and 13.08% of OOIP under EM frequency of 18.8 and 167 MHz, respectively. By assessing the IFT/contact angle and mobility ratio, the optimal NPs concentration to achieve a favorable ER effect and interfacial disturbance is determined, correlated to smaller hydrodynamic-sized nanoparticles that cause strong electrostatic repulsion between particles.
High Levels of Prebiotic Resistant Starch in Diet Modulate a Specific Pattern of miRNAs Expression Profile Associated to a Better Overall Survival in Pancreatic Cancer

Dietary patterns are well known risk factors involved in cancer initiation, progression, and in cancer protection. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies underline the link between a diet rich in resistant starch (RS) and slowing of tumor growth and gene expression in pancreatic cancer xenograft mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a diet rich in resistant starch on miRNAs and miRNAs-target genes expression profile and on biological processes and pathways, that play a critical role in pancreatic tumors of xenografted mice. miRNA expression profiles on tumor tissues displayed 19 miRNAs as dysregulated in mice fed with RS diet as compared to those fed with control diet and differentially expressed miRNA-target genes were predicted by integrating (our data) with a public human pancreatic cancer gene expression dataset (GSE16515). Functional and pathway enrichment analyses unveiled that miRNAs involved in RS diet are critical regulators of genes that control tumor growth and cell migration and metastasis, inflammatory response, and, as expected, synthesis of carbohydrate and glucose metabolism disorder. Mostly, overall survival analysis with clinical data from TCGA (n = 175) displayed that almost four miRNAs (miRNA-375, miRNA-148a-3p, miRNA-125a-5p, and miRNA-200a-3p) upregulated in tumors from mice fed with RS were a predictor of good prognosis for pancreatic cancer patients. These findings contribute to the understanding of the potential mechanisms through which resistant starch may affect cancer progression, suggesting also a possible integrative approach for enhancing the efficacy of existing cancer treatments.
In Vivo Gene Expression Profile of Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells: From the Viewpoint of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics

Orally administered drugs are absorbed and metabolized in the intestine. To accurately predict pharmacokinetics in the intestine, it is essential to understand the intestinal expression profiles of the genes related to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). However, in many previous studies, gene expression analysis in the intestine has been carried out using specimens from patients with cancer. In this study, to obtain more accurate gene expression profiles, biopsy samples were collected under endoscopic observation from the noninflammatory regions of 14 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, and RNA-seq analysis was performed. Gene expression analysis of drug-metabolizing enzymes (cytochromes P450), non–cytochrome P450 enzymes, nuclear receptors, drug-conjugating enzymes (UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases), and apical and basolateral drug transporters was performed in biopsy samples from the duodenum, ileum, colon, and rectum. The proportions of the cytochromes P450 expressed in the ileum were 25% (CYP3A4), 19% (CYP2C18), and 14% (CYP3A5). CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 were highly expressed in the duodenum and ileum, but not in the colon and rectum. In the ileum, apical transporters such as P-gp, peptide transporter 1, breast cancer resistance protein, MRP2, and ASBT were strongly expressed, and the expression levels of P-gp and ASBT in the ileum were higher than those in other regions. In the ileum, basolateral transporters such as OSTα, OSTβ, and MRP3 were strongly expressed. We succeeded in obtaining gene expression profiles of ADME-related genes in human intestinal epithelial cells in vivo. We expect that this information would be useful for accurate prediction of the pharmacokinetics of oral drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT To obtain gene expression profiles of ADME-related genes in human intestinal epithelial cells in vivo, biopsy samples were collected under endoscopic observation from the noninflammatory regions of 14 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, and RNA-seq analysis was performed. Gene expression profiles of drug-metabolizing enzymes (cytochromes P450), non–cytochrome P450 enzymes, nuclear receptors, drug-conjugating enzymes (UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases), and apical and basolateral drug transporters in biopsy samples from the duodenum, ileum, colon, and rectum were obtained in this study.
Long-term transcriptomic and proteomic effects in Sprague Dawley rat thyroid and plasma after internal low dose 131I exposure

Background Radioiodide (131I) is commonly used to treat thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidis.131I released during nuclear accidents, have resulted in increased incidence of thyroid cancer in children. Therefore, a better understanding of underlying cellular mechanisms behind 131I exposure is of great clinical and radiation protection interest. The aim of this work was to study the long-term dose-related effects of 131I exposure in thyroid tissue and plasma in young rats and identify potential biomarkers. Materials and methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (5-week-old) were i.v. injected with 0.5, 5.0, 50 or 500 kBq 131I (Dthyroid ca 1–1000 mGy), and killed after nine months at which time the thyroid and blood samples were collected. Gene expression microarray analysis (thyroid samples) and LC-MS/MS analysis (thyroid and plasma samples) were performed to assess differential gene and protein expression profiles in treated and corresponding untreated control samples. Bioinformatics analyses were performed using the DAVID functional annotation tool and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The gene expression microarray data and LC-MS/MS data were validated using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Results Nine 131I exposure-related candidate biomarkers (transcripts: Afp and RT1-Bb, and proteins: ARF3, DLD, IKBKB, NONO, RAB6A, RPN2, and SLC25A5) were identified in thyroid tissue. Two dose-related protein candidate biomarkers were identified in thyroid (APRT and LDHA) and two in plasma (DSG4 and TGM3). Candidate biomarkers for thyroid function included the ACADL and SORBS2 (all activities), TPO and TG proteins (low activities). 131I exposure was shown to have a profound effect on metabolism, immune system, apoptosis and cell death. Furthermore, several signalling pathways essential for normal cellular function (actin cytoskeleton signalling, HGF signalling, NRF2-mediated oxidative stress, integrin signalling, calcium signalling) were also significantly regulated. Conclusion Exposure-related and dose-related effects on gene and protein expression generated few expression patterns useful as biomarkers for thyroid function and cancer.