Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sheltered preservation in Ordovician trilobites

Articulated holaspid specimens of Placoparia Hawle and Corda, 1847 and Eoharpes Raymond, 1905 entombed inside cephalopod conchs and under the remains of large illaenid, asaphid, cyclopygid and dalmanitid trilobites from the Middle Ordovician Šárka Formation of the Prague Basin (Czech Republic) are described and discussed. Two such samples were also found in the overlying Dobrotivá Formation of Middle/Late Ordovician age. Four articulated juvenile exoskeletons of Placoparia preserved under a cephalon of the cyclopygid trilobite Degamella Marek, 1961 represent the first record of shelter strategy of non-holaspid trilobites. The sheltered preservation of trilobites could be explained by a hiding behaviour associated with the danger of predation, storm disturbances, seeking for food or high vulnerability after moulting. It is obvious that Placoparia and Eoharpes deliberately entered the restricted space under skeletal parts of large trilobites or inside cephalopod conchs. These exceptional finds provide a new insight in the life strategy of some Ordovician benthic trilobites and are classified as cases of “frozen” behaviour.
Influence of Interfacial Force Models and Population Balance Models on the kLa Value in Stirred Bioreactors

Optimal oxygen supply is vitally important for the cultivation of aerobically growing cells, as it has a direct influence on cell growth and product formation. A process engineering parameter directly related to oxygen supply is the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient kLa. It is the influences on kLa and computing time of different interfacial force and population balance models in stirred bioreactors that have been evaluated in this study. For this investigation, the OpenFOAM 7 open-source toolbox was utilized. Firstly, the Euler–Euler model with a constant bubble diameter was applied to a 2L scale bioreactor to statistically examine the influence of different interfacial models on the kLa value. It was shown that the kL model and the constant bubble diameter have the greatest influence on the calculated kLa value. To eliminate the problem of a constant bubble diameter and to take effects such as bubble breakup and coalescence into account, the Euler–Euler model was coupled with population balance models (PBM). For this purpose, four coalescence and five bubble breakup models were examined. Ultimately, it was established that, for all of the models tested, coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with PBM resulted in better agreement with the experimental data than using the Euler–Euler model. However, it should be noted that the higher accuracy of the PBM coupled models requires twice the computation time.
Study Examining Impact of Authentic Leadership on Team Members Work Engagement

In today’s dynamic business environment, the need for leaders to be authentic and followers to be engaged to increase trust amongst stakeholders is crucial. In this context, present study has examined impact of authentic leadership on team members work engagement. Study collected data from full time working employees across financial sector in Mumbai. Researcher collected data from 118 Team Leaders and 547 team members using two separate questionnaires. Findings revealed authentic leadership has significant positive impact on work engagement. The findings of the study has managerial implications and has been discussed in the study. Key Word: Authentic leadership, Work engagement, SEM, Authenticity --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 02-07-2020 Date of Acceptance: 18-07-2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PET imaging in congenital hyperinsulinism

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) occurs most commonly in infants but may also be discovered in older children. It presents with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia due to high endogenous insulin levels. There is a focal and diffuse form of the disease depending on the extent of pancreatic involvement. Hyperplasia of the islet cells results in hyperfunctioning pancreatic β cells and the ensuing clinical disease. Medical treatment fails in several patients and surgery has been shown to be very effective in improving prognosis and even resolution of disease in the focal form. Several genetic mutations have been uncovered and these may also be predictive of prognosis. Anatomical imaging alone including ultrasound, CT and MRI are rarely able to detect any abnormality in the pancreas. PET plays a major role in the distinction between the focal and diffuse forms of the disease. It also guides surgical intervention by providing information on the location of the focal hyperfunctioning islet cells. Imaging children and infants in this disease is quite challenging. We propose to show the benefit of using two PET tracers in this disease. 18F-FDOPA has been used quite successfully in the evaluation of CHI. 68Ga-DOTATATE has also been described to be helpful although inferior to 18F-FDOPA. We illustrate imaging of CHI patients in 3 different scans and briefly review the literature. 18F-FDOPA as described in the literature is superior but when unavailable 68Ga-DOTATATE may be a reasonable alternative.
Supplementary Material BORE: Bayesian Optimization by Density-Ratio Estimation

A. Expected improvement For completeness, we reproduce the derivations of Bergstra et al. (2011). Recall from eq. 1 (main paper) that the expected improvement (EI) function is defined as the expectation of the improvement utility function U(x, y, τ) over the posterior predictive distribution p(y |x,DN ). Expanding this out, we have α(x;DN , τ) := Ep(y |x,DN )[U(x, y, τ)] = ∫ ∞ −∞ U(x, y, τ)p(y |x,DN ) dy
Never Enough: Assessing Body Image in College-Age Males

Body image issues are a prevalent issue among college-age students. College-age males specifically suffer from societal pressures of masculinity which manifest in different body image threats and coping strategies that focus on over-exercising and increased muscularity. This study aims to look at two distinct athletic populations of males at the University of South Carolina: yoga and weightlifting. An eleven item survey interrogated three types of coping strategies: avoidance, appearance fixing, and positive rational acceptance. Thirty males were surveyed and found that males participating in yoga reported rates of appearance fixing that were statistically significantly higher than those in the weightlifting groups. A qualitative analysis found that both groups participated in multiple workouts a day at the same rate and that both groups participated in similar athletic activities outside of their primary athletic group.
Assessment of Myocardial Abnormalities associated with Sickle Cell Disease Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

Mohamed Abd-Elmonem Ismail, SoadAbd-ElsalamShedeed, andAhmed AbdElsamadElhewala Resident pediatric physician at Egyptian ministry of health; 2 Professor of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. Correspondingauthor:Mohamed Abd-Elmonem Ismail Email: mohameda.e. monem@gmail.com Abstract Background:Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major health problem that affects over 20 million people worldwide with over a billion dollars spent annually in the United States (US) itself to cover healthcare costs. Approximately 300,000 children are born annually with SCD at least 75% of them are in Africa. SCD affects about 1 in 500 African Americans and nearly 1 in 12 African Americans carry the autosomal recessive gene. It is estimated that there are almost 100,000 SCD patients in the United States. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is a new noninvasive ultrasound imaging technique that allows for an objective and quantitative evaluation of the global and regional function of atrial and ventricular chambers. Although in almost all patients with SCD, coronary angiography reveals normal coronary arteries, yet myocardial ischemia and infarction have been reported to occur in SCD. Some SCD patients have marked abnormalities in exercise capacity and cardiac filling abnormalities
An Equilibrium Model of Career Concerns, Investment Horizons, and Mutual Fund Value Added

We study a dynamic equilibrium model of mutual fund investing under career concerns that features investment opportunities at different horizons. Equilibrium returns are endogenously determined by competition. Short-term investment strategies can benefit fund managers by accelerating skill revelation, while the downside risk is managed by manager exit. In the steady state, a large number of new and unskilled managers exploit the value of this call option, driving down short-term excess returns. A small number of experienced and skilled managers exploit scalable long-term investment opportunities, adding substantial value. We empirically confirm our theoretical predictions using US mutual fund data.
A Method for Analysis of Shared Structure in Large Music Collections using Techniques from Genetic Sequencing and Graph Theory

While common approaches to automatic structural analysis of music typically focus on individual audio ﬁles, our approach collates audio features of large sets of related ﬁles in order to ﬁnd a shared musical temporal structure. The content of each individual ﬁle and the differences between them can then be described in relation to this shared structure. We ﬁrst construct a large similarity graph of temporal segments, such as beats or bars, based on self-alignments and selected pair-wise alignments between the given input ﬁles. Part of this graph is then partitioned into groups of corresponding segments using multiple sequence alignment. This partitioned graph is searched for recurring sections which can be organized hierarchically based on their co-occurrence. We apply our approach to discover shared harmonic structure in a dataset containing a large number of different live performances of a number of songs. Our evaluation shows that using the joint information from a number of ﬁles has the advantage of evening out the noisi-ness or inaccuracy of the underlying feature data and leads to a robust estimate of shared musical material.
Differential Games Based on Invariant Sets Generation

Differential games play an important role in collision avoidance, motion planning and control of aircrafts, and related applications. The central problem is the computation of the set of initial states from which the ego player can enforce safety specifications over a specified time horizon. In this paper we study differential games based on invariant sets generation, where the ego player aims to perpetually force the system to satisfy certain safety specification while the mutual other player attempts to enforce a violation of the safety specification. This game is studied within the Hamilton-Jacobi reachability framework via computing two new robust controlled invariant sets, i.e., the lower robust controlled invariant set and the upper robust controlled invariant set (Definition 2). These two robust controlled invariant sets are respectively characterized as the zero level set of the unique bounded continuous viscosity solution to a Hamilton-Jacobi equation with sup-inf Hamiltonian and inf-sup Hamiltonian. This is the main contribution of this work. The uniqueness and continuity property of viscosity solutions facilitates the use of contemporary numerical methods to solve this game. Two examples, including a Moore-Greitzer jet engine model, are used to illustrate our approach.
Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity Trends in Low-Income Children from North Brazil, 2009-2019

Objective: Childhood obesity has been found in children in situations of vulnerability in which the underweight is usually more prevalent. However, trends in the prevalence of these outcomes in populations supported by an income transfer program are not usually reported. This study aimed to examine the underweight, overweight, and obesity trends in children in the North of Brazil. Methods: A total of 242,465 children (aged five to 10 years), were evaluated in this population-based study with public data collected annually from 2009 to 2019. Children included were beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program, which is a conditional cash transfer policy. The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity were estimated using the Body Mass Index for age. Logistic regression was used to determine significant trends in the prevalence of the investigated outcomes. Results: Between 2009 and 2019, underweight prevalence increased significantly from 4.5% to 8.5% for boys and 4.6% to 7.1% for girls. In the same period, overweight declined from 13.3% to 11.7% for boys but increased from 10.5% to 12.8% for girls. Trends in increasing obesity were observed, from 8.0% to 9.9% in boys and from 5.5% to 7.8% in girls. Children in 2019 were more likely to present the outcomes investigated when compared to those in 2009, except for overweight in boys. Conclusion: Low-income children have become increasingly obese, but underweight is still a persistent problem. It is necessary to develop public health promotion policies that do not increase obesity when the focus is to reduce underweight. Research Article Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity Trends in Low-Income Children from North Brazil, 2009-2019 Guilherme Ribeiro, Andreia Pelegrini, Mateus Bim and André Pinto* Health Sciences Research Center, University of Santa Catarina State, Brazil
Effects of methylprednisolone alone and combined with erythropoietin on the antioxidant system in rats with induced acute spinal cord injury

Osman Ersegun Batcik1, Turgay Bilge2, Yasemin Erdogan Doventas3 1Department of Neurosurgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Medical Faculty, Rize 2Self-employed Neurosurgeon, Istanbul 3Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences University, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Methylprednisolone with erythropoietin in acute spinal cord injury Effects of methylprednisolone alone and combined with erythropoietin on the antioxidant system in rats with induced acute spinal cord injury
Electricity Supply and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Bounds Testing Co-integrative Approach

The paper examines empirically, whether or not electricity supply and investment in electricity impact significantly and positively on economic growth in Nigeria over the sample period of thirty-six year from 1980-2017. The newly developed bounds testing approach to co-integration was adopted in the study. The results obtained reveal that both the short-run and long-run growth effects of electricity supply in Nigeria are significant and positive. Having ascertained the significance of electricity supply positively influencing economic growth in Nigeria, the study thus recommends a set of policies to the Nigerian government with a view to enhancing electricity distribution and fostering economic growth in Nigeria.
Impact of yoga-walking-pilates, yoga-walking and yoga-pilates training regimens on physical, physiological and psychological elements among males

Objective: The study’s purpose was to compare three methods of training on physical, physiological and psychological variables of sedentary males. Method: Eighty males 18-25 years divided into four groups. Yogic-Walking (YW, n = 20), Yogic-Pilates (YP, n = 20), Yogic-Walking-Pilates (YWP, n = 20) and a Control Group (CG, n = 20). The experimental groups trained for 12 weeks, 3 times per week 60 min per session. Tests were assessed before and after training on physical, physiological and psychological variables. ANOVA was used for analysis. Findings: In sit & reach, sit ups and BHT, the YWP and YW showed greater mean values than the YP (P ˂ 0.05). All groups reported similar mean values in SBP, DBP and PR (P ˃ 0.05). In self efficacy, the YWP indicated greater mean value than the YP (P ˂ 0.001). In self esteem, the YW had significantly more mean value than the CG (P ˂ 0.05). Applications: YWP and YW ANALYSIS 24(105), September October, 2020 Medical Science ISSN 2321–7359 EISSN 2321–7367
Neural Tangent Generalization Attacks

The remarkable performance achieved by Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in many applications is followed by the rising concern about data privacy and security. Since DNNs usually require large datasets to train, many practitioners scrape data from external sources such as the Internet. However, an external data owner may not be willing to let this happen, causing legal or ethical issues. In this paper, we study the generalization attacks against DNNs, where an attacker aims to slightly modify training data in order to spoil the training process such that a trained network lacks generalizability. These attacks can be performed by data owners and protect data from unexpected use. However, there is currently no efﬁcient generalization attack against DNNs due to the complexity of a bilevel optimization involved. We propose the Neural Tangent Generalization Attack (NTGA) that, to the best of our knowledge, is the ﬁrst work enabling clean-label, black-box generalization attack against DNNs. We conduct extensive experiments, and the empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of NTGA. Our code and perturbed datasets are available at: https://github. com/lionelmessi6410/ntga .
Clinical Characteristics of Inguinal Hernia Repair in Children: A Retrospective Study

Inguinal hernia (IH) is one of the most common surgical conditions seen in pediatric age group and managed only surgically. Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate clinical characteristics of IH in children. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study based on medical charts carried out at a secondary hospital in southern region period between January 2013 and July 2019. We included all patients younger than 13 years and attend to pediatric surgery clinic and underwent to IH repair. Results: A total of 272 children were diagnosis with inguinal hernia repair, of them, 256 could be analyzed. Ages range from days to 12 years with mean age of 2.5 ± 3.2 years old. Majority of the children were males (75%; 192). The most frequent signs and symptoms were Reducible swelling (76%) followed by irreducible swelling (12%), cough impulse (11%), swelling with crying (11%). Conclusion: In present study we found that an inguinal hernia with irreducible sac contents, tenderness, and obstruction was more among preterm young children with very low birth weight.
Evaluation of immune factors of blood serum after pulpectomy of dog’s teeth using two root filling material

Background and Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the immune factors of blood serum (IgG, IgM, and IgE serum levels and complement components C3 and C4 and blood cells after pulpectomy of dog's teeth using two root fillers (ZOE and Chitosan). Method: The present study is a semi-experimental study conducted on 40 root canals in two groups (20 channels in 2 dogs for Chitosan and 20 channels equal to 2 dogs for ZOE). The healthy teeth of the first, second and third premolars of the lower and upper jaw (40 canals) in 4 dogs aged 12-18 months were selected for the treatment of pulpectomy. Before treatment and after 28 days, 5 cc of blood was taken from the dogs and the serum immune factors were studied. The mean values obtained from the two groups were compared using T-test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22. Findings: The rate of WBC changes between the two treatment groups with ZOE has increased compared to Chitosan (P = 0.03). The levels of C3 and C4 decreased more due to the use of ZOE than chitosan. The rate of IgG changes with ZOE increased compared to chitosan. The rate of change in IgM and IgE between the two treatments groups with ZOE was not significant compared to Chitosan. IgE levels in the chitosantreated group did not change significantly (P> 0.9). The rate of IgE changes between the two treatment groups with ZOE and chitosan was not significant (P = 0.65). There was no change in the serum level of factors associated with red blood cells, including, number of red blood cells, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. The rate of albumin and total protein changes between the two treatment groups with ZOE was not significant compared to chitosan. Conclusion: In comparison between two root canal material, ZOE increased white blood cells and immunoglobulins. There was no difference in blood factors and protein levels between the two groups.
Defeating duplicates: A re-design of the LearnedSort algorithm

LearnedSort is a novel sorting algorithm that, unlike traditional methods, uses fast ML models to boost the sorting speed. The models learn to estimate the input's distribution and arrange the keys in sorted order by predicting their empirical cumulative distribution function (eCDF) values. LearnedSort has shown outstanding performance compared to state-of-the-art sorting algorithms on several datasets, both synthetic and real. However, given the nature of the eCDF model, its performance is affected in the cases when the input data contains a large number of repeated keys (i.e., duplicates). This work analyzes this scenario in depth and introduces LearnedSort 2.0: a re-design of the algorithm that addresses this issue and enables the algorithm to maintain the leading edge even for high-duplicate inputs. Our extensive benchmarks on a large set of diverse datasets demonstrate that the new design performs at much higher sorting rates than the original version: an average of 4.78x improvement for high-duplicate datasets, and 1.60x for low-duplicate datasets while taking the lead among sorting algorithms.
Robust finite-time control of impulsive positive systems under L1-gain performance

This paper is concerned with robust finite-time L1-gain control problem for impulsive positive systems (IPSs). By adopting the average impulsive interval technique, sufficient conditions ensuring the finite-time boundedness of IPSs under L1-gain characterization are formulated. The design of a feedback controller is also addressed to make the closed-loop system be positive, finite-time bounded (FTB), and have L1-gain characterization. Results are presented in the form of linear programming (LP) inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design.
Conjunction of Classical and Dynamic Inequalities Coincident on Time Scales

In this paper, we present an extension of dynamic Kantorovich’s inequality on time scales by using the time scale Riemann–Liouville type fractional integral. Furthermore, we find generalizations of well-known Minkowski’s inequality, Milne’s inequality and Nesbitt’s inequality on time scales by using the time scale Riemann–Liouville type fractional integral. Our investigations unify and extend some continuous inequalities and their corresponding discrete analogues. AMS Subject Classifications: 26D15, 26D20, 34N05.
Voter Preferences and the Political Underrepresentation of Minority Groups: Lesbian, Gay, Transgender and HIV+ Candidates in Advanced Democracies

Minority groups have long been underrepresented in politics. Support for LGBTQ rights and the incidence of LGBTQ candidates have dramatically increased in recent years. But do voters (still) penalize lesbian, gay, transgender and HIV+ candidates? We conducted survey experiments with nationally representative samples in the US, UK and New Zealand. To varying degrees voters penalize LGT and HIV+ candidates in all countries, with penalties strongest in the US. Yet, progressives, people with LGBT friends, and non-religious individuals do not discriminate against gays and lesbians, while transgender and HIV+ candidates face stronger bias. Outright prejudice, identity as a cueing mechanism (i.e. LGT candidates seen as more liberal), and electability concerns explain voter bias. This study contributes to the literature on minority candidates and disentangles correlated candidate attributes, exploring the intersectionality of bias. Understanding the barriers to the election of LGBTQ people is crucial to improve the representation of marginalized communities.