Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Preoperative Fluoroscopic Guided Single Shot Erector Spinae Block for Posterior Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Surgeon and Patient Prospective

Background: Posterior spinal surgery is considered one of the most painful surgeries. Erector Spinae Block is likely to produce effective pain management as it causes blockade of the dorsal rami . Objective: This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of ESPB in controlling intraoperative and POP and surgical field during lumbar spine fixation. Patients and methods: A total of 70 cases were enrolled, and they were haphazardly divided into two groups; ESPB group which comprised 35 cases who underwent the blockade technique, and the control group which included the remaining 35 cases that underwent surgery without blockade. The primary outcome was POP, while secondary outcomes involved intraoperative bleeding, and surgeon satisfaction. Results: No significant differences were detected among both groups concerning patient demographic features. Operative bed bleeding was significantly decreased in the ESPB group. Also, ESPB group expressed lower pain scores during the initial 6 hours after surgery with no difference detected between both studied groups on subsequent assessment. Surgeon satisfaction was significantly better in the ESPB group. Conclusion: ESPB appears to be safe and efficacious technique not only in decreasing POP, but also in improving operative bed bleeding, and surgeon satisfaction.
Nanostructures in Palaeozoic linguloid brachiopods

SEM studies of untreated and uncoated fracture sections of the linguloid brachiopods Obolus ruchini Khazanovitch and Popov and Bicarinatina bicarinata Kutorga from the Cambrian of NW Russia and Devonian of Estonia, respectively, revealed fibril-like nanostructures, less than 200 nm in diameter. These structures are interpreted here as phosphatised biopolymers that were not mineralised in vivo and may have supported the apatite mineralisation from the early stages of the formation of bacula. Previous documentation of nanostructures in Palaeozoic fossils is quite rare.
Balancing Gender Bias in Job Advertisements With Text-Level Bias Mitigation

Despite progress toward gender equality in the labor market over the past few decades, gender segregation in labor force composition and labor market outcomes persists. Evidence has shown that job advertisements may express gender preferences, which may selectively attract potential job candidates to apply for a given post and thus reinforce gendered labor force composition and outcomes. Removing gender-explicit words from job advertisements does not fully solve the problem as certain implicit traits are more closely associated with men, such as ambitiousness, while others are more closely associated with women, such as considerateness. However, it is not always possible to find neutral alternatives for these traits, making it hard to search for candidates with desired characteristics without entailing gender discrimination. Existing algorithms mainly focus on the detection of the presence of gender biases in job advertisements without providing a solution to how the text should be (re)worded. To address this problem, we propose an algorithm that evaluates gender bias in the input text and provides guidance on how the text should be debiased by offering alternative wording that is closely related to the original input. Our proposed method promises broad application in the human resources process, ranging from the development of job advertisements to algorithm-assisted screening of job applications.
Should Ultrasound-Guided High Frequency Focused Ultrasound Be Considered as an Alternative Non-Surgical Treatment of Uterine Fibroids in Non-Asiatic Countries? An Opinion Paper

Minimally invasive interventions for myomata treatment have gained acceptance due to the possibility of preserving fertility with reduced trauma induced by laparotomy as way of entrance. There are insufficient data regarding outcomes of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in non-Asiatic women. Therefore, we revised the available evidence to present an expert opinion that could support physicians, patients and policy-makers for considering this approach in other populations. We revisited systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials and cohort studies from January 2018 to August 2021 using PubMed and Google scholar, regarding short and long term outcomes after ablation with focused ultrasound waves. In total, 33 studies, including 114,810 adult patients showed that outcomes of this approach depend on several parameters directly related with resistance to thermal ablation, especially fibroid size and vascularization. Two studies report satisfactory outcomes in Afro-American women. In accordance to the technique used, fibroid volume reduction showed to be higher in fibroids <300 cm3 after ultrasound guided HIFU than after MRI guided. Compared to myomectomy and uterine artery embolization, HIFU seems to have shorter hospital stay, higher pregnancy rates and similar adverse events rates, with skin burn being the most reported. Symptoms and quality of life improvement is similar to myomectomy but lower than embolization, however reintervention rate is higher after HIFU. Lacks evidence about long-term sarcoma risk after ablation. Available evidence shows that HIFU can be considered as a uterine sparing treatment for women of different ethnicities suffering of uterine myomatosis, especially for those wishing to preserve their fertility.
Investing with the Government: A Field Experiment in China

We conduct a large-scale, nondeceptive field experiment to elicit preferences for government participation in China's venture capital and private equity market. Our main result is that the average firm dislikes investors with government ties. We show that such dislike is not present with government-owned firms and that this dislike is highest with best-performing firms. Additional results and surveys suggest that political interference in decision-making is the leading reason why government investors are unattractive to private firms. Overall, our findings point to the limits of a model of “state capitalism” that strongly relies on the complementarity between private firms and government capital to drive high-growth entrepreneurship and innovation.
Epilepsy and non-arganic non-affective psychosis National epidemiologic study

Background This study tests the It is commonly accepted that people with hypothesis that epilepsy increases the risk epilepsy have more psychiatric problems than normal individuals (Trimble, 1991). of developing xhizophrenia and other The vathogeneric hv~othesis of a relation. , . non-affective functional psychoses usinga ship between epilepsy and chronic kschizonationwide sample of people with epilepsy. phrenia-like' psychosis was introduced on the basis of uncontrolled, highly selected Method A record linkage study case series (Slater et a/, 1963). Slatcr et al's between a sample from the National study had a profound impact. stimulating
Image editing with spatiogram transfer

Histogram equalization is a well known method for image contrast enhancement. Nevertheless, as histograms do not include any information on the spatial repartition of colors, their application to local image editing problems remains limited. To cope with this lack of spatial information, spatiograms have recently been proposed for tracking purposes. A spa-tiogram is an image descriptor that combines a histogram with the mean and variance of the position of each color. In this paper we address the problem of local retouching of images by proposing a variational method for spatiogram transfer. More precisely, a reference spatiogram is used to modify the color value of a given region of interest of the processed image. Experiments on shadow removal and inpainting demonstrate the strength of the proposed approach.
A Subgroup of Depressives with Better Response to MAOI than to Tricyclic Antidepressants or Placebo

We summarise a series of studies using a MAOI to help establish the validity of a subgroup of depressives referred to as atypical depressives. Patients with reactive mood meeting DSM-III criteria for depressive illness who had associated atypical features (which include hyperphagia, hypersomnolence, leaden paralysis, and rejection sensitivity) were randomised to imipramine, phenelzine and placebo. Non-responders were crossed over, and in all there were over 400 patient trials. Phenelzine consistently was found to be superior to imipramine. Only in trials which included patients lacking atypical, vegetative symptoms was imipramine found to equal phenelzine. We conclude that the researcher and the clinician should consider the relevance of the atypical depressive syndrome.
SegMix: A Simple Structure-Aware Data Augmentation Method

Interpolation-based Data Augmentation (DA) methods (Mixup) linearly interpolate the inputs and labels of two or more training examples. Mixup has more recently been adapted to the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), mainly for sequence labeling tasks. However, such a simple adoption yields mixed or unstable improvements over the baseline models. We argue that the direct-adoption methods do not account for structures in NLP tasks. To this end, we propose SegMix, a collection of interpolation-based DA algorithms that can adapt to task-specific structures. SegMix poses fewer constraints on data structures, is robust to various hyperparameter settings, applies to more task settings, and adds little computational overhead. In the algorithm's core, we apply interpolation methods on task-specific meaningful segments, in contrast to applying them on sequences as in prior work. We find SegMix to be a flexible framework that combines rule-based DA methods with interpolation-based methods, creating interesting mixtures of DA techniques. We show that SegMix consistently improves performance over strong baseline models in Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Relation Extraction (RE) tasks, especially under data-scarce settings. Furthermore, this method is easy to implement and adds negligible training overhead.
Evaluating systems usability in complex work - Development of a systemic usability concept to benefit control room design

The design of industrial control rooms assumes fulfilling the goals of production, safety, and human well-being. Control rooms and the user interfaces within them should enable the effective and efficient conduct of work in all the operating conditions which can be foreseen during specification and design. At the same time, the user interfaces should enable the control of the process in unprecedented and totally unexpected situations while simultaneously maintaining the safety of the process. During the design or modification of the control room, the potentiality of the emerging solution to fulfil the objectives is assessed by conducting empirical evaluations. This dissertation presents the development of an evaluation methodology which enables developing the control room towards meeting these objectives. Industrial process control constitutes a socio-technical system in which people and technologies have multiple and sometimes overlapping roles. In order to meet the demands of maintaining safety in all situations, the socio-technical system should have built-in capability of dealing with the unexpected. The control room, and the user interfaces within it, are an integral part of the socio-technical system. Thus, they have a role in construing and maintaining the safety of the system. The concept of systems usability (SU) is introduced in the dissertation to evaluate the systemic effects of control room solutions. SU is a human-centred quality attribute of user interfaces and control rooms attributed to technology, but the value in the use of the technology is evidenced in the success of the activity in which the technology is used. Thus, the research makes sense of the significance of the individual technological solutions in, and for, the entirety of an activity system. Systems usability means that a tool in an activity serves the functions of 1) an instrument, 2) a psychological tool, and 3) a communicative tool. The meaning of each function in the specific domain is contextually defined. Furthermore, the quality of the tool can be assessed utilising different perspectives on the usage activity: performance, way of acting, and user experience. By combining the functions of the tool and perspectives on activity, a systemic framework for developing contextual indicators for a good control room is construed. Utilising the concept of SU in the control room requires a model-based evaluation approach. This means that the general contextual work demands are considered in defining the reference of a successful process control activity. In addition, the scenarios utilised in the evaluation are modelled also taking the general work demands into account. A specific scenario modelling method, functional situation modelling (FSM), is presented in this dissertation. FSM combines a functional and
Abdominal Muscles Strengthening Exercises and Chronic Constipation

Chronic constipation is a significant healthcare problem in older people and impacts negatively on quality of life. The nurse should encourage the older adults to perform abdominal muscles strengthening exercises, it can strengthen the abdominal muscles and increase the frequency of bowel movements in constipated patients. Objective: Determine the effect of abdominal muscles strengthening exercises on the severity of chronic constipation among the older adults. Setting: The outpatient clinics at the Specialized Medical Hospital, Mansoura University. Subjects: 100 older adult patients aged 60 years and above, have chronic constipation for at least one year. Tools: Six tools were used namely; Older Adults Socio-demographic and Clinical Data Structured Interview Schedule, Katz and Akpom Scale, Lawton and Brady Scale, Constipation Assessment Scale, Older Adults’ Knowledge Related to Constipation Structured Interview Schedule, and Constipation Management Observational Checklist. Results: After the intervention the elders who have moderate and severe degree of chronic constipation reported improvement in the severity of chronic constipation and decrease in their numbers. Conclusion: Performance of abdominal muscle strengthening exercises improved the severity of the degree of chronic constipation for the majority of the subjects in the study group. Recommendations: Nurses and caregivers raise awareness of community dwelling older adults who attend the outpatient clinics and reside in assisted living facilities regarding healthy lifestyle and abdominal muscle strengthening exercises.
Understanding the Continuance Usage Intention of Distance Learning during COVID-19: An Empirical Study on Tourism Academic Staff and Undergraduates in Egypt

Lockdown measures in response to COVID-19 have disrupted the education system worldwide, where universities quickly have replaced face-to-face classes with distance learning. This paper aims to determine factors that predict tourism academic staff and undergraduates’ continuance usage intention of distance learning in Egypt during the COVID-19 era. The effects of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on attitude toward distance learning, the influence of attitude on satisfaction with distance learning, the effects of attitude and satisfaction on continuance usage intention of distance learning are explored. The survey data is obtained from 87 academic staff and 350 undergraduates and analyzed with SmartPLS software utilizing the partial least square method. The results indicate that continuance usage intention of distance learning is predicated by attitude towards distance learning and satisfaction with distance learning; together, these variables explained almost 70% of the variance of continuance usage intention (R2 = 0.695). Also, it is found that attitude towards distance learning is the strongest predictor, compared to satisfaction, of continuance usage intention of distance learning. This research provides insightful understandings and empirical evidence on the factors that influence the continuance usage intention of distance learning.
Research Article: Identification and taxonomy of sea cucumbers (Holothuria) in Persian Gulf

The sea cucumbers of the genus Holothuria are important species in Asia. In present study in the Persian Gulf aimed to identify Holothuria species and investigate their relationships based on morphological and 16S rRNA molecular data. 30 specimens were collected from northern Persian Gulf coasts of Dayer (Bushehr Province) and Lengeh (Hormozgan Province). Based on ossicles morphology, three species were identified. DNA was isolated using CTAB method. Thereafter, 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplification was performed using universal primer and consequently PCR product was sequenced. Sequencing result was analyzed and identified in NCBI database using BLAST. 17 sequences of mitochondrial DNA of 16S rRNA gene (393bp length) were obtained after modification and alignment. The phylogenic tree of mentioned species showed a monophyletic group. The three identified species include Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola, Holothuria leucospilota and Holothuria parva. Holothuria arenicola was found in high support in the sister clade of H. arenicola from China. Despite 7% genetic distance, no morphological differences were observed between H. arenicola with similar species.
Role of IL-17 in Morphogenesis and Dissemination of Cryptococcus neoformans during Murine Infection

Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic yeast that can form Titan cells in the lungs, which are fungal cells of abnormally large size. The factors that regulate Titan cell formation in vivo are still unknown, although an increased proportion of these fungal cells of infected mice correlates with induction of Th2-type responses. Here, we focused on the role played by the cytokine IL-17 in the formation of cryptococcal Titan cells using Il17a−/− knockout mice. We found that after 9 days of infection, there was a lower proportion of Titan cells in Il17a−/− mice compared to the fungal cells found in wild-type animals. Dissemination to the brain occurred earlier in Il17a−/− mice, which correlated with the lower proportion of Titan cells in the lungs. Furthermore, knockout-infected mice increased brain size more than WT mice. We also determined the profile of cytokines accumulated in the brain, and we found significant differences between both mouse strains. We found that in Il17a−/−, there was a modest increase in the concentrations of the Th1 cytokine TNF-α. To validate if the increase in this cytokine had any role in cryptococcal morphogenesis, we injected wild-type mice with TNF-α t and observed that fungal cell size was significantly reduced in mice treated with this cytokine. Our results suggest a compensatory production of cytokines in Il17a−/− mice that influences both cryptococcal morphology and dissemination.
JNSBU Psychological Problems among Orphan Children

Background: Orphan hood is a time which involves many psychological problems. Lack of self-esteem and inability to take decision puts orphans at risk of anxiety and depression. Aim of study: Was to assess the psychological problems among orphan children. Research design: A descriptive design was utilized to achieve the aim of the study. Setting: This study was conducted at social home care for males and females in Benha City, Qalubyia Governorate. Sample: A purposive sample of (80) orphan children (40 males & 40 females) who was selected from the above mention setting. Tools for data collection: Three tools were used. I: A structured interviewing questionnaires sheet. II: Child anxiety and depression scale and III: Rosenberg selfesteem scale. Results: Half of the studied orphan children had moderate level of total anxiety and depression. In addition more than half of studied orphan children had low level of self-esteem. While less than one quarter of them had moderate level of self-esteem. Conclusion: Emotional distress and lack of self-esteem are the major psychological problems among orphan children which necessitate great concern. Recommendations: Psychosocial counseling program can be designed and administered to orphan children to improve their behavioral and psychological problems.
A Dynamic Structural Equation Approach to Modeling Wage Dynamics and Cumulative Advantage across the Lifespan

Abstract Wages and wage dynamics directly affect individuals’ and families’ daily lives. In this article, we show how major theoretical branches of research on wages and inequality—that is, cumulative advantage (CA), human capital theory, and the lifespan perspective—can be integrated into a coherent statistical framework and analyzed with multilevel dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM). This opens up a new way to empirically investigate the mechanisms that drive growing inequality over time. We demonstrate the new approach by making use of longitudinal, representative U.S. data (NLSY-79). Analyses revealed fundamental between-person differences in both initial wages and autoregressive wage growth rates across the lifespan. Only 0.5% of the sample experienced a “strict” CA and unbounded wage growth, whereas most individuals revealed logarithmic wage growth over time. Adolescent intelligence and adult educational levels explained substantial heterogeneity in both parameters. We discuss how DSEM may help researchers study CA processes and related developmental dynamics, and we highlight the extensions and limitations of the DSEM framework.