Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Selective Laser Melting of 304 L Stainless Steel

This paper used the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to construct a three-dimensional mathematical model of the selective laser melting (SLM) process of 304 L austenitic stainless steel. Important driving force models for the melt pool in the SLM process were developed, including a surface tension model, a boundary normal-modified wetting effect model, a Marangoni shear force model, and a recoil pressure model. Meanwhile, the virtual particle boundary method prevented particles from flying over the solid boundary. Artificial viscosity, artificial stress, and artificial heat were added to correct the SPH equation, which provided a guarantee for the accuracy and speed of the numerical simulation of the SLM process. Finally, the temperature field and velocity field in the SLM process were explored according to the constructed mathematical model. The evolution mechanism in the melting process was analyzed, and the influence of different laser powers on the shape of the molten pool was mainly analyzed, which provided a reference for optimizing the laser parameters to reduce the surface roughness of the formed specimen.
U NLEASHING T HE P OTENTIAL OF D ATA S HARING IN E NSEMBLE D EEP R EINFORCEMENT L EARNING

This work studies a crucial but often overlooked element of ensemble methods in deep reinforcement learning: data sharing between ensemble members. We show that data sharing enables peer learning , a powerful learning process in which individual agents learn from each other’s experience to significantly improve their performance. When given access to the experience of other ensemble members, even the worst agent can match or outperform the previously best agent, triggering a virtuous circle. However, we show that peer learning can be unstable when the agents’ ability to learn is impaired due to overtraining on early data. We thus employ the recently proposed solution of periodic resets and show that it ensures effective peer learning. We perform extensive experiments on continuous control tasks from both dense states and pixels to demonstrate the strong effect of peer learning and its interaction with resets.
Analysis of Antioxidant Constituents of Filtering Infusions from Oak (Quercus sideroxyla Bonpl. and Quercus eduardii Trel.) and Yerbaniz (Tagetes lucida (Sweet) Voss) as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

The antioxidant constituents of ancestral products with ethnobotanical backgrounds are candidates for the study of filtering infusions to aid in pharmacotherapies focused on the treatment of depression and anxiety. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is an enzyme that regulates the metabolic breakdown of serotonin and noradrenaline in the nervous system. The goal of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in silico the effect of antioxidant constituents of filtering infusions from yerbaniz (Tagetes lucida (Sweet) Voss) and oak (Quercus sideroxyla Bonpl. and Quercus eduardii Trel.) as monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Materials were dried, ground, and mixed according to a simplex–centroid mixture design for obtaining infusions. Differential analysis of the phenolic constituent’s ratio in the different infusions indicates that among the main compounds contributing to MAO-A inhibition are the gallic, chlorogenic, quinic, and shikimic acids, quercetin glucuronide and some glycosylated derivatives of ellagic acid and ellagic acid methyl ether. Infusions of Q. sideroxyla Bonpl. leaves, because of their content (99.45 ± 5.17 µg/mg) and synergy between these constituents for MAO-A inhibition (52.82 ± 3.20%), have the potential to treat depression and anxiety. Therefore, future studies with pharmacological approaches are needed to validate them as therapeutic agents with applications in mental health care.
Detection of Breast Cancer using Convolutional Neural Networks with Learning Transfer Mechanisms

—Breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. One of the biggest challenges for physicians and technological support systems is early detection, because it is easier to treat and establish curative treatments. Currently, assistive technology systems use images to detect patterns of behavior with respect to patients who have been found to have some type of cancer. This work aims to identify and classify breast cancer using deep learning models and convolutional neural networks (CNN) with transfer learning. For the breast cancer detection process, 7803 real images with benign and malignant labels were used, which were provided by BreaKHis on the Kaggle platform. The convolutional basis (parameters) of pre-trained models VGG16, VGG19, Resnet-50 and Inception-V3 were used. The TensorFlow framework, keras and Python libraries were also used to retrain the parameters of the models proposed for this study. Metrics such as accuracy, error ratio, precision, recall and f1-score were used to evaluate the models. The results show that the models based on VGG16, VGG19 ResNet-50 and Inception-V3 obtain an accuracy of 88%, 86%, 97% and 96% respectively, recall of 84%, 82%, 96% and 96% respectively, in addition to f1-score of 86%, 83%, 96% and 95% respectively. It is concluded that the model that shows the best results is Resnet-50, obtaining high results in all the metrics considered, although it should be noted that the Inception-V3 model achieves very similar results in relation to Resnet-50, in all the metrics. In addition, these two models exceed the 95% threshold of correct results.
Component Assessment of Pathogenic Fungi Organisms Associated with Egusi Melon (Citrillus coloncythis L) Seeds and Control Using Some Plant Extracts and Synthetic Fungicide

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of plant extracts:Monodora myristica and Allium sativum and synthetic fungicide on seed borne fungal pathogens of Egusi melon (Citrillus colocynthis). Melon seeds were incubated for seed health test using blotter paper method. A total of ten seeds were plated in each 9cm Petri dish. The anti-fungal effects of methanol extracts of test plants as well as synthetic fungicide were studied in an in-vitro experiment against the seed borne fungal pathogen at 5%, 15% and 25% concentrations. The design used was a Factorial in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% Probability level. The result showed that up to 84% germination was obtained in the seed health/ viability tests of Egusi melon seeds. The result of isolation and identification of fungi pathogen from the different components of melon seeds showed that there were more incidence of fungi pathogen in the whole Melon seeds followed by the germ cell while the least was that of the shell. The only fungi pathogen identified was Aspergillus flavus which was common in all the components of melon seeds incubated and assessed. The results also showed that the plant extracts and synthetic fungicides inhibited the growth of the fungus in culture. The effect of synthetic fungicide (75.00%) and that of Monodora myristica extract (75.00%) were statistically same in days 2 and 3 but the effect of the synthetic fungicide (75.00%) was significantly higher (p>0.05) than Monodora myristicaextract on day 4 and 5 where Monodora myristica had 64.42% and 63.02% respectively The result also showed that the higher the concentration of plant extracts, the higher the percentage growth inhibition of the fungus. The result as well revealed that there was a depreciation in the effects of plant extracts on radial growth inhibition of test fungus with time. From the result of this investigation, it is recommend that plant extracts used in this research could be an alternative to synthetic fungicides since they showed similar effectiveness in inhibiting growth of fungus responsible for spoilage of melon seeds.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEIGHT STATUS AND BASAL METABOLISM IN SCHOOLCHILDREN: THE MODERATING ROLE OF DIET QUALITY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

There is currently a scientific trend to study the association between energy balance and its impact on health from the earliest stages of life. The aim of this study was to examine whether diet quality and physical activity moderate the association between weight status and basal metabolism in a sample of Murcian primary schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. Basal metabolism was calculated according to height, sex, and weight, with fixed coefficients following validated formulae. Physical activity was measured with the KrecePlus test; the KIDMED questionnaire was used to quantify diet quality and nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) adjusted for sex and age. The results obtained indicate that overweight schoolchildren had a higher basal metabolism than their normal-weight peers considering their diet quality and physical activity level (p<.001, for both). Also, the effects of weight status on basal metabolism may be moderated by diet quality (p<.05) but not by physical activity (p>.05). These results may be of particular interest to educational and health personnel since generating strategies to improve schoolchildren’s eating habits, especially towards higher diet quality, could be vital as a method to increase basal metabolic energy expenditure and their overall health.
Condition Severity and Parent Psychosocial Functioning in Families of Youth with Spina Bifida: the Role of Parental Attitudes and Beliefs

ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT LITERATURE 4 Condition Severity 4 Parent Psychosocial Adjustment 7 Parenting Stress 8 Parental Distress 9 Spina Bifida-Specific Parenting Stress 10 Role of Attitudes and Beliefs as Mediators and Moderators 12 Optimism and Expectations about the Future 13 Parent Perceptions of Vulnerability 16 Conclusion 17 Limitations in the Current Literature 17 The Current Study 18 Study Objectives and Hypotheses 18 CHAPTER THREE: METHODS 20 Participants 20 Procedure 22 Measures 22 Covariates 22 Predictors: Condition Severity 22 Outcomes: Parent Psychological Functioning 23 Parental Attitudes and Beliefs: Mediators and Moderators 24 Planned Analyses 26 Preliminary Analyses 26 Primary Analyses 26 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS 29 Preliminary Analyses 29 Attrition Analyses 30 Correlation Matrix 31 Hypothesis Testing 36 Objective 1 36 Objective 2 50 v Objective 3 50 CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION 55 The Relationship between Condition Severity and Parental Adjustment 56 Socioeconomic Status 60 Mediating Effects of Parent Attitudes and Beliefs 61 Moderating Effects of Parent Attitudes and Beliefs 61 Strengths and Limitations 65 Conclusions, Clinical Implications, and Future Direction 66 APPENDIX A: MEASURES 69 REFERENCE LIST 71
Daily to Centennial Behavior of Aseismic Slip Along the Central Section of the North Anatolian Fault

Slow, aseismic slip plays a crucial role in the initiation, propagation, and arrest of large earthquakes along active faults. In addition, aseismic slip controls the budget of elastic strain in the crust, hence the amount of energy available for upcoming earthquakes. The conditions for slow slip include specific material properties of the fault zone, pore fluid pressure, and geometrical complexities of the fault plane. Fine scale descriptions of aseismic slip at the surface and at depth are key to determine the factors controlling the occurrence of slow, aseismic versus rapid, seismic fault slip. We focus on the spatial and temporal distribution of aseismic slip along the North Anatolian Fault, the plate boundary accommodating the 2 cm/yr of relative motion between Anatolia and Eurasia. Along the eastern termination of the rupture trace of the 1944 M7.3 Bolu‐Gerede earthquake lies a segment that slips aseismically since at least the 1950s. We use Sentinel 1 time series of displacement and GNSS data to provide a spatio‐temporal description of the kinematics of fault slip. We show that aseismic slip observed at the surface is coincident with a shallow locking depth and that slow slip events with a return period of 2.5 years are restricted to a specific section of the fault. In the light of historical measurements, we discuss potential rheological implications of our results and propose a simple alternative model to explain the local occurrence of shallow aseismic slip at this location.
The Effect of Chitosan and Rosemary Essential Oil on the Quality Characteristics of Chicken Burgers during Storage

In this study, the effects of chitosan film (1 and 2%) containing rosemary essential oil (1%) in free and nanoliposome forms were investigated on the physicochemical, microbial, organoleptic, and oxidation characteristics of chicken burgers during storage (day 1, day 10, and day 20) at 4°C. The results showed that chitosan and rosemary essential oil decreased pH, total volatile basic nitrogen compounds (TVB-N), and oxidation parameters (peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid) in the chicken burgers ( p < 0.05 ). Compared to the control group (C), the growth of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus, and mold and yeast in all treated groups (E1, E2, CH1, CH2, CHE1, CHE2, CHE3, and CHE4) was delayed during storage. The color and hardness of the chicken burger were affected significantly ( p < 0.05 ). Regarding sensory characteristics, the control group obtained the highest score. The CHE4 group (2% chitosan+rosemary essential oil nanoliposomes) was the most effective treatment for controlling the microbial flora, slowing down some physicochemical and sensory changes, and increasing the shelf life of chicken burgers ( p < 0.05 ). As a result, chitosan coating with rosemary essential oil nanoliposome can guarantee microbiological safety and is recommended for long-term storage of chicken burgers during cold storage.
DNA Methylation Patterns of Repetitive Elements on HC21

x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Heterochromatin . 1 DNA Methylation . 2 Cancer . 3 Human Chromosome 21p (HC21p) . 6 Gamma Satellite . 7 NBL2 Repeat . 8 Satellite I . 9 Research Goals . 10 CHAPTER TWO: MATERIALS ANDMETHODS.16 DNA from Cell Lines and Tissues.16 Primer Design.17 Primer Testing.19 Bisulfite conversion.19 PCR.20 Hybrid cell line mapping.20 Cloning and Transformation.21 Minipreps.21 Programs for Sequence Analysis.22 CHAPTER THREE: RESULTS.33 Analysis of NBL2 Sequence on Chromosome 21.33 Hybrid Cell Line Mapping of NBL2 on Chromosome 21.33 NBL2 primer mapping via Genome Browser.34 Analysis of Satellite I.35 Methylation Analysis of Gamma Loci.36 Methylation Level Comparisons among Loci.42 CHAPTER FOUR: DISCUSSION.71 NBL2 Satellite.71 Gamma Satellite.72 Gamma Satellite and Function.73 Limitations of the Study.74 v Future Directions.75 BIBLIOGRAPHY.77 VITA.81
Dynamics and Molecular Interactions of GPI-Anchored CD59

CD59 is a GPI-anchored cell surface receptor that serves as a gatekeeper to controlling pore formation. It is the only membrane-bound inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC), an immune pore that can damage human cells. While CD59 blocks MAC pores, the receptor is co-opted by bacterial pore-forming proteins to target human cells. Recent structures of CD59 in complexes with binding partners showed dramatic differences in the orientation of its ectodomain relative to the membrane. Here, we show how GPI-anchored CD59 can satisfy this diversity in binding modes. We present a PyLipID analysis of coarse-grain molecular dynamics simulations of a CD59-inhibited MAC to reveal residues of complement proteins (C6:Y285, C6:R407 C6:K412, C7:F224, C8β:F202, C8β:K326) that likely interact with lipids. Using modules of the MDAnalysis package to investigate atomistic simulations of GPI-anchored CD59, we discover properties of CD59 that encode the flexibility necessary to bind both complement proteins and bacterial virulence factors.
Chaotic Dynamics: Fractals, Tilings, and Substitutions

This undergraduate textbook is a rigorous mathematical introduction to dynamical systems and an accessible guide for students transitioning from calculus to advanced mathematics. It has many student-friendly features, such as graded exercises that range from straightforward to more difficult with hints, and includes concrete applications of real analysis and metric space theory to dynamical problems. Proofs are complete and carefully explained, and there is opportunity to practice manipulating algebraic expressions in an applied context of dynamical problems. After presenting a foundation in one-dimensional dynamical systems, the text introduces students to advanced subjects in the latter chapters, such as topological and symbolic dynamics. It includes two-dimensional dynamics, Sharkovsky's theorem, and the theory of substitutions, and takes special care in covering Newton's method. Mathematica code is available online, so that students can see implementation of many of the dynamical aspects of the text.
Humoral Immune Response of Mice against a Vaccine Candidate Composed of a Chimera of gB of Bovine Alphaherpesviruses 1 and 5

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and bovine meningoencephalitis are caused by Bovine alphaherpesvirus (BoHV) types 1 and 5, which seriously threaten the global cattle industry. Vaccination to improve immunity is the most direct and effective means to prevent these conditions. Glycoprotein B (gB) is essential for the attachment of both viruses to permissive cells, and is a major target of the host immune system, inducing a strong humoral response. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in a murine model, the immune response of a candidate vaccine formulation composed of a chimeric BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 gB (DgB), expressed in Komagataella phaffii. The chimeric DgB vaccine adjuvanted with Montanide 50 ISA V2 or aluminum hydroxide was administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously. A control group and a group that received a commercial vaccine were inoculated subcutaneously. Higher titers of neutralizing antibodies against BoHV-1, BoHV-5, and a natural BoHV-1/5 recombinant strain were obtained with the oil-based candidate vaccine formulation administered intramuscularly. The results demonstrated that the chimeric DgB conserved important epitopes that were able to stimulate a humoral immune response capable of neutralizing BoHV-1, BoHV-5, and the recombinant strain, suggesting that the vaccine antigen is a promising candidate to be further evaluated in cattle.
Similarity and Dimensional Methods in Mechanics

By L. I. Sedov London: Cleaver-Hume Press Ltd. Pp. xvi + 363. Price 105s. This is really two separate books within the same pair of covers. First of all Chapters 1-3, some 145 pages, are devoted to the discussion of similarity and dimensional, methods and their application to a variety of problems in mechanics and fluid mechanics.
Application of Difierential Subordinations to Some Properties of Linear Operators

Using the techniques of difierential subordination.we study some properties of Al-Oboudi difierential operator D m ‚ f(z) and the operator I m ‚ f(z) where I m ‚ (D m ‚ f(z)) = D m (I m ‚ f(z)) = f(z).
Production of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Type O and A Vaccine Antigens on a Pilot Scale and Determination of Optimal Amount of Antigen for Monovalent Vaccines

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals and causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. The Type O PanAsia-2 (O PA-2) vaccine strain is protective against a wide range of serotype O FMD virus (FMDV) strains in East Asia, and A22 Iraq/24/64 (A22 IRQ) is the most widely used vaccine strain in FMD vaccine antigen banks. The aim of this study was to produce antigens from O PA-2 and A22 IRQ viruses using a 100 L bioreactor and evaluate the protective efficacy of varying antigen concentrations in pigs. More than 2 μg/mL of the antigen was recovered from the O PA-2 and A22 IRQ virus-infected supernatants. Further, inactivation of O PA-2 and A22 IRQ by binary ethyleneimine revealed that the viral titers decreased below 10−7 TCID50/mL within 13 h and 9 h, respectively. The O PA-2 and A22 IRQ vaccines, containing 10 μg and 5 μg of antigen, respectively, provided protection against homologous viruses in pigs. This is the first report demonstrating that the antigens obtained from the pilot-scale production of O PA-2 and A22 IRQ are viable candidate vaccines. These results will pave the way for industrial-scale FMD vaccine production in South Korea.
The Effects of Natural Epigenetic Therapies in 3D Ovarian Cancer and Patient-Derived Tumor Explants: New Avenues in Regulating the Cancer Secretome

High mortality rates in ovarian cancer have been linked to recurrence, metastasis, and chemoresistant disease, which are known to involve not only genetic changes but also epigenetic aberrations. In ovarian cancer, adipose-derived stem cells from the omentum (O-ASCs) play a crucial role in supporting the tumor and its tumorigenic microenvironment, further propagating epigenetic abnormalities and dissemination of the disease. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor derived from green tea, and Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a histone deacetylase inhibitor from cruciferous vegetables, carry promising effects in reprograming aberrant epigenetic modifications in cancer. Therefore, we demonstrate the action of these diet-derived compounds in suppressing the growth of 3D ovarian cancer spheroids or organoids as well as post-treatment cancer recovery through proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation assays when compared to the synthetic epigenetic compound Panobinostat with or without standard chemotherapy. Finally, given the regulatory role of the secretome in growth, metastasis, chemoresistance, and relapse of disease, we demonstrate that natural epigenetic compounds can regulate the secretion of protumorigenic growth factors, cytokines, extracellular matrix components, and immunoregulatory markers in human ovarian cancer specimens. While further studies are needed, our results suggest that these treatments could be considered in the future as adjuncts to standard chemotherapy, improving efficiency and patient outcomes.
The state of social trust in Kuwait

Social trust is an important predictor of political and economic stability in addition to harmonic society. This study examines social trust in Kuwait to state the nature of social trust and the factor associated with it. The paper focuses on generalized social trust and taking advantage of one's social trust using a comparative descriptive research approach. The finding suggests Kuwaitis have a natural attitude towards generalized social trust. The paper contributes to a neutral attitude toward generalized social trust in Kuwaiti's cultural nature and values and its political turmoil. The paper suggests, only education levels and income were associated with generalized social trust. The paper argues, those with higher education are exposed to diverse groups of people, which can help to break down stereotypes and promote understanding and tolerance. Moreover, education increases individuals' cognitive abilities, which can lead to a greater understanding of social norms and a greater ability to assess the trustworthiness of others. Furthermore, those with higher income are more likely to have a wider social network with mutual interests, in effect, more experiences and perspectives dealing with others. Moreover, higher income reflects a greater sense of security socially and economically. On the other hand, higher levels of attitude toward its citizens feel being taken advantage of its trust also contributed to its nature of the relatively higher level of trust in turn of falling victim to multiple fraud schemes on personal and national levels. Marital status was the only contributor to being taken advantage of, as those who through a divorce or betrayal are more likely to feel being taken advantage of their trust.