Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of cost and efficacy for mono and dual therapy of antiepileptics among children

Introduction: Developing countries contribute to major number of patients living with epilepsy, around five million people are living with epilepsy in India alone. Most of the epileptic children may require multiple antiepileptic therapy due to the failure of monotherapy. Basic research evidence suggest that sodium valproate and carbamazepine (CBZ) may have synergistic anticonvulsant effects when they are used together. In addition to that, chronic disorders make the patients economically weak and produce more burden. Aim and Objective: Therefore, this study was designed to compare the efficacy of valproate monotherapy with valproate and CBZ dual therapy. Methodology: It is a prospective, comparative study conducted at a secondary care referral hospital and private clinic. A nonprobabilistic convenient sampling was done to recruit the study subjects. A total of fifty subjects were recruited into the present study, and they were divided into two groups, i.e., monotherapy group (CBZ) and dual therapy group (CBZ and valproate). After providing appropriate counseling, subjects were interviewed to estimate the quality of life (QOL) using child version of TNO-AZL Children's Quality of Life questionnaire. Hospital patient records, prescription data from the pharmacy were also used to obtain the direct and indirect cost of treatment. Results: Our study results showed that monotherapy has a potential to produce a higher level of QOL than dual therapy. It also involved with decreased seizure frequency. Although there was no statistically significant difference in terms of cost for both the treatment groups, still dual therapy is associated with higher cost burden. The average costs per QOL and changes in the frequency of seizure are also identified to produce higher economic burden to the patients.Conclusion: Thus, the present study has concluded that monotherapy may be considered as better cost-effective treatment in partial seizures than dual therapy, unless if there is no treatment failure with monotherapy.
Seasonal variation of fatty acids composition of milk from grazing ewes in Thessaly, central Greece

The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes in fatty acids (FAs) profile and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of milk from grazing ewes in winter (December and January) and spring (April and May) in Thessaly, central Greece. No significant changes (P>0.05) in the physicochemical properties (pH and protein, lactose and total solids content) of winter and spring milk were observed. However, the fat content of spring milk was lower (P<0.05) than the winter milk. The saturated FAs content of milk was not significantly changed (P>0.05) during winter neither during spring, whereas the polyunsaturated FAs content was significantly changed (P<0.05) in each of the four months examined. Nevertheless, in the ovine milk of spring, the saturated FAs content was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs content was significantly increased (P<0.05) as compared to that of winter milk. In contrast to the saturated FAs decrease in spring milk, the saturated stearic acid (C18:0) content showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the spring milk as compared to winter milk. In winter milk, the C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 CLA levels were 0.89±0.05 and 0.98±0.03g/100 g Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) in December and January, respectively, whereas, in spring milk, the CLA levels were significantly increased (P<0.05) to 1.36±0.04 and 1.27±0.03g/100 g FAMEs in April and May, respectively. The atherogenicity index (AI) associated with proatherogenic and antiatherogenic FAs was found significantly (P<0.05) lower in spring milk compared to winter milk.
Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia in aerobic and anaerobic trained athletes during incremental exercise

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the occurrence of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) in aerobic and anaerobic trained athletes during an incremental treadmill exercise test. Material: International level male junior skiers including ten cross-country skiers and ten alpine skiers took part in the study. All participants performed an incremental treadmill exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) was continuously measured using a pulse oximetry. Maximal minute ventilation (VEmax), maximal heart rate (HRmax), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2) and carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2) were determined during the last stage of the incremental exercise test. EIAH was assumed to have developed when SaO2 decreased by at least 4% (ΔSaO2 ≤ −4%) from the baseline values. Results: VO2max, VE, maximal running speed and test time were higher in the cross-country skiers than in the alpine skiers (p 0.05). All the athletes in both groups exhibited EIAH. SaO2 was significantly decreased from 97.5 ± 0.9% at rest to 89 ± 2% at exhaustion in alpine skiers and from 97.8 ± 0.7% at rest to 88.1 ± 2.4% at exhaustion in cross-country skiers (p 0.05). Conclusions: EIAH may occur in endurance athletes as well as anaerobic trained athletes. Well-trained athletes who have different aerobic fitness levels may exhibit similar EIAH during the incremental maximal exercise.
Numerical study of the seasonal thermal and gas regimes of the large artificial reservoir in Western Europe using LAKE2.0 model

Abstract. The Alqueva reservoir (southeast of Portugal) being the largest artificial lake in Western Europe and strategic freshwater supply in the region is of scientific interest in terms of monitoring and maintaining the quality and quantity of water and its impact on the regional climate. To solve these tasks we conducted numerical studies of the thermal and gas regimes in the lake over the period from May 2017 to March 2019, supplemented by the data observed at the weather stations and the floating platforms during the field campaign of the ALOP (ALentejo Observation and Prediction System) project. One-dimensional model LAKE2.0 was used for the numerical studies. Being highly versatile and adjusted to the specific features of the reservoir, this parameterization is capable to simulate its thermodynamic and biogeochemical characteristics. Profiles and time series of water temperature, sensible and latent heat fluxes, concentrations of CO2 and O2 reproduced by the LAKE2.0 model were validated against the observed data and were compared with the thermodynamic simulation results obtained with the FLake model. The results demonstrated that LAKE2.0 model has good ability in capturing the seasonal variations in the water surface temperature and the internal thermal structure of the Alqueva reservoir, and satisfactorily captured the seasonal gas regime.
Low Expression of FFAR2 in Peripheral White Blood Cells May Be a Genetic Marker for Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective To find molecular markers for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), this research further verified the relationship between the expression level of FFAR2 gene and AMI by expanding the sample size based on the previous gene chip results. Methods Peripheral venous leukocytes were collected from 113 patients with AMI and 94 patients with noncoronary artery disease as the experimental group and the control group, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of the FFAR2 gene. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the relative expression of the FFAR2 gene at the level of protein. Furthermore, the relationship between gene expression and clinical data was also analyzed and compared. Results The level of expression of FFAR2 gene in peripheral blood of patients with AMI was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.33 [0.04–1.08], 0.62 [0.07–1.86], respectively; p < 0.05), which was 0.53 times that of the control group. Western blot results presented that the FFAR2 protein level in the peripheral blood of the AMI group was lower than that of the control group (0.114; p=0.004). Analyzing clinical data of the subjects indicated that the average age of the AMI group was significantly higher than the age of control group (p < 0.01). Also, the fasting blood glucose level was higher (p < 0.01), and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was lower (p=0.03). The FFAR2 mRNA level correlated positively with the HDL-C level (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis suggested that the low expression of the FFAR2 gene in peripheral blood may be a risk factor for AMI independent of age, family history of diabetes, fasting blood glucose level, and HDL-C level (p=0.025). Compared with the high FFAR2 expression group, the risk of AMI in the low FFAR2 expression group was 6.308 times higher. Conclusion The expression level of the FFAR2 gene in peripheral blood of patients with AMI was significantly lower than that in the control group. Low expression of the FFAR2 gene in peripheral blood is an independent risk factor for AMI. Hence, it may also be a potential biomarker to predict AMI.
Suppression of electrostatic micro-instabilities in maximum-J stellarators

We demonstrate favorable stability properties of maximum-J stellarators, exemplified by the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) device, in scenarios with low plasma beta. A large number of electrostatic linear gyrokinetic simulations are conducted to scan the relevant parameter space for different configurations, resulting in stability maps that account for the key micro-instabilities thought to drive turbulent transport. These maps exhibit a ‘stability valley’ in the region where the normalized ion temperature gradient is roughly equal to the normalized density gradient. In this valley, the electrostatic instabilities are partly suppressed thanks to the maximum-J property of the W7-X field. This property varies across different W7-X configurations, and this measurable difference is demonstrated to affect the size of the stability valley. Finally, the impact of the isotope effect and collisions on the valley is examined.
Lived Experiences of Novice Public School Adapted Physical Education Teachers: A Phenomenological Study

ii Dedication.iii Acknowledgments.iv List of Tables.x Chapter 1: Introduction.1 Background, Context, History, and Conceptual Framework of the Problem.1 Problem Statement.3 Purpose of the Study.3 Research Questions.4 Rationale, Relevance, and Significance of the Study.4 Definition of Terms.5 Assumptions, Limitations, and Delimitations of the Study.7 Assumptions.7 Limitations.7 Delimitations.8 Summary.9 Chapter 2: Literature Review.11 Conceptual Framework.12 Self-efficacy Theory.12 Andragogy.15 Review of Research & Methodology Literature.17 Historical Perspective of APE.17
Behavioral activities and diet of Azaras’s capuchin monkey, Sapajus cay (Illiger, 1815), in a forest remnant of the Brazilian Cerrado

ABSTRACT Azaras’s capuchin monkey (Sapajus cay) is a poorly studied species in ecological aspects. We investigated behavioral activities and diet of a group of S. cay in a remnant of the Brazilian Cerrado. We sought to identify the most frequent behavior that the group engaged in, as well as to verify possible differences in behavioral patterns and diet between adult males and females. From January to July 2012 we collected behavioral and foraging data for a group of 21 individuals using scan sampling. Behaviors and food items consumed were analyzed using percentages and two proportions Z-tests to assess differences between males and females. We obtained 878 scans in approximately 202 hours of sampling effort, resulting in 4,159 individual activity records of capuchin monkeys. The group allocated time to traveling (41.3%), resting (25.5%), feeding (14.3%), foraging (13.7%), and social activities (5.1%). Females spent more time foraging and feeding, while males spent more time resting. Fruits (61.4%), invertebrates (15.3%), and seeds (14.3%) were the most common food items consumed. We did not find differences in food consumption between sexes. Behavioral activities may be influenced by habitat quality of the studied area, opportunistic habits, and plasticity in the diet.
Short‐Term Glucocorticoid Treatment Reduces Circulating Sclerostin Concentrations in Healthy Young Men: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Double‐Blind Study

Glucocorticoid use is the most common cause of osteoporosis in young individuals. In the current study, we investigated the effects of glucocorticoid treatment on circulating sclerostin concentrations and serum bone turnover markers in healthy young men. We performed additional measurements in two combined randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, dose–response intervention studies: 64 healthy men (age: 22 ± 2 years; BMI: 22.1 ± 1.7 kg/m2) were allocated to receive placebo (n = 16), prednisolone 7.5 mg once daily (n = 24), or prednisolone 30 mg once daily (n = 24) for 2 weeks using block randomization. Primary outcome variables were serum sclerostin and serum bone turnover markers (CTx and P1NP), before and after the intervention. Baseline characteristics and variables did not differ between intervention groups. Compared with placebo, prednisolone high‐dose decreased serum sclerostin concentrations (−8.5 [−28.0 to 7.3] versus 1.5 [−6.5 to 20.0] pg/mL, p = 0.048), decreased P1NP concentrations (−28.0 [−39.3 to −18.3] versus –1.5 [−15.3 to 11.3] μg/L, p < 0.001) and increased CTx concentrations (108.0 [55.0 to 177.0] versus 64.0 [−24.3 to 120.0] ng/L, p = 0.038). Compared with placebo, prednisolone low‐dose did not alter sclerostin concentrations (p = 0.5) or CTx concentrations (p = 0.7), but tended to decrease P1NP concentrations (−9.0 [−24.0 to −1.3] versus –1.5 [−15.3 to 11.3] μg/L, p = 0.095). At baseline concentrations of sclerostin were positively correlated with concentrations of CTx (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ρ = +0.409, p = 0.001), but not with P1NP. No significant correlations were observed between changes in outcome variables during the interventions. Short‐term high‐dose, but not low‐dose, prednisolone treatment reduces serum sclerostin concentrations in healthy young men. Whether this reflects a counter regulatory mechanism to compensate glucocorticoid‐induced negative effects through other mechanisms remains to be elucidated. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Assessment of Social Factors That Hinders Infants of Unmarried Young Women to Access Immunization Programme Interventions in Dar es salaam, Tanzania

The MOHGEC in collaboration with education sector stakeholders are urged to implement interventions to reduce teenage pregnancies; improve health information sharing among adolescents/young women; and streamlining of girls education policy and empowerment. Finally health workers should be trained on effective communication skills and screening of infant’s vaccination cards must be done regularly for infants seeking medical care. Tanzania introduced her Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), currently as known as Immunization and Vaccines Development (IVD) as project in 1975; this was one year after the 27th World Health Assembly (WHA), Agenda 57 resolution – WHA.27-57. To date, the country is having a strong national immunization programme which is delivering 7 types of vaccines combinations (namely BCG, OPV, Penta, TT, PCV-13, Rota vaccine and MR vaccines) as a major immunization programme service. This study aimed at assessing social factors that hinders accessibility of infants of un-married young women, to immunization programme services in Dar es salaam. The descriptive retrospective case control study design was deployed. A total of 214 young unmarried women aged less than 25 years were selected randomly, of which 196 were selected to participate in the study, this is 102% of the study sample size. Majority of these women were of age between 18 to 25 years (49.1%) and completed primary school (47.7%). In this study, social factors were observed to limiting the access of young unmarried women to immunization programme services. The common factors identified, were the older age group (p=0.015), mother’s education (p=0.293) and mothers occupation (p=0.487). Furthermore, it was perceived that, 66% of the mothers interviewed recalled 3 or more VPDs and mostly were given the immunization programme services information by health workers (67.3%, p=0.229), listening radio spots (47.7%, p=0.764) and some by reading posters (39.3%, p=0.157).
Relationship between oral health literacy and denture use for tooth loss among adults in Indonesia

Oral health literacy (OHL) refers to an individual's competence to obtain process and understand basic oral health information and services needed to seek appropriate oral health care. A high OHL score indicates that a person is able to use oral health information to maintain their oral health and choose treatment, such as treatment to replace lost teeth with dentures. However, the rate of denture use by people in Indonesia remains low. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between OHL score and denture use. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 70 respondents in Depok, Jawa Barat, using the Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-29) instrument to assess OHL score and clinical examinations for denture use and to classify tooth loss. We observed a correlation between OHL score and denture usage (p<0.05). Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2019; 12(3): 1050-1054)
Kariyer Tatmini ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişkide İşe Adanmışlığın Aracılık Rolü (The Mediating Role of Job Engagement in the Relationship Between Career Satisfaction and Intention to Quit)

Bulgular – Bulgular kariyer tatmini ile işe adanmışlık boyutları (dinçlik, adanma ve yoğunlaşma) arasında pozitif, kariyer tatmini ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında negatif doğrudan bir ilişkinin olduğunu göstermiştir. İşe adanmışlığın üç boyutu (dinçlik, adanma ve yoğunlaşma) ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Yapısal eşitlik modelinin sonuçlarına göre işe adanmışlığın dinçlik ve yoğunlaşma boyutları kariyer tatmini ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide tam aracılık rolüne sahiptir.
Contraception in Adolescent Postpartum: Attitude Assessment in Preventing Recurrent Pregnancy

Adolescence is a period of doubt and uncertainty, involving risk attitudes and exposure to emotional and physical damage. Cross-sectional epidemiological study with a quantitative approach, aiming to analyze the positive attitude of pregnant teenagers, from the perspective of adopting contraceptive methods in the puerperium. Fifty adolescents were interviewed in an outpatient clinic in Recife, PE, Brazil. The health prevention attitude was associated by means of the sociodemographic dimensions and health behavior. The analysis of adolescent exposure to factors that compromise the ability to prevent recurrent pregnancy has been linked both to concrete existing conditions of the first dimension and to health perception and behavior of the second dimension.
KNOWLEDGE OF HEATLH EFFECTS OF DIETARY FIBRE AMONG NURSES AND THE GENERAL POPULATION IN CROATIA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Introduction: Nurses play diverse roles in educating patients about a healthy diet and in promoting healthy eating habits, through their conversations with patients and families and through their work providing enteral and parenteral feeding to critically ill patients. Given the position of nurses as key providers of dietary guidance, and given the health benefits of dietary fibre, we wanted to assess the level of fibre-related knowledge among nurses in Croatia. Objectives: The primary objective of this cross-sectional s tudy was to compare knowledge between nurses and the general population from Croatia about the health importance of consuming dietary fibre. Methods: Knowledge from 369 nurses and 727 residents from the general population about fibre was assessed using a validated survey developed by the CI&DETS Polytechnic Institute, Viseu, Portugal. Differences between nurses and the general population were assessed for significance using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, while associations between study variables and knowledge were explored using Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Results: The level of knowledge among nurses and the general population in Croatia about dietary fibre varies from «undecided» to «partial knowledge». No association was observed between nurse education level and either general knowledge about fibre or knowledge about the health benefits of fibre intake. No significant differences were observed between nurses and the general population in general knowledge ( p = 0.894) or in health-related knowledge ( p = 0.578). Conclusion: The results suggest the need for updating and expanding nursing curricula. The similar level of knowledge between nurses and the general population about dietary fibre indicates the need to strengthen nurse education and training in the areas of diet and diet therapy in Croatia. Given the role of nurses as diet educators and advisors, this may help improve the quality of health care.
Electrophysiological study of peripheral nerves in hypertensive patients

خلا ـ صلا ـ ة : س مخ ة ساردلا هذ a تلم ش و ور شع ا ع بط ا صخش ن و س مخ با صم ا ض رم نوعب س و مدلا طغض عافتراب . ة ط حملا با صعلأا فئاظو م قتل ة جلسفور كلا تاءاصقتسلاا تمدختسا ىد ل شملا صاخ شلأا ع مج ة ساردلا هذ ب ن لوم تلم ش و ، : ةءا فك ة سارد ض عب ة سحلا با صعلأا ، ة كرحلا و كلذ ك ة جوم ة سارد – ف . م قت نإ ة سحلا با صعلأا ىد ل ى ضرملا اروaد ت ر ظ باصعلأا هذa ع مج ةءافك يف اظوحلم ةصاخ و ي لبرلا ب صعلا . م قت نا ف ،ك لذ ن م ض قنلا ى لع سلاا ع مج نأ ر ظ ة كرحلا باصعلأا ة ع بط ت ناك با صعلأا هذ a ل كل تاءاصقت . د نع و ،ار خأ تاءار ق م قت ة جوم – ف كا نa نا ك ط قف ، و مكلا ي ف لو ط ن أ طبأ رو ظ ي ف ةمaا سملا با صعلأل ةجوم – ف بصعلا يف كرتشملا يوظشلا . نو ك مد لا طغ ض عا فترلا يس ئرلا ر ثأتلا نأ ىرن كلذل ة بصعلا فا للأا رغصأ ىلع . صلخت سن ،ار خأ نأ ةبا صلإا ى لإ يدؤ نأ ن كم مد لا طغ ض عا فترا ة ط حملا باصعلأا للاتعا نم ةددعتم عاونأب . Abstract: Twenty five normal subjects and seventy five hypertensive patients were included in this study. The electrophysiological tests done included three main divisions of the peripheral nerves : first : the sensory nerve function, the motor nerve function and the F – wave measurements. These tests were done for the patients and controls in parallel. In hypertensive patients the sensory nerve function, when compared with the control subjects, showed a significant deterioration. On contrary, assessing the motor nerve function showed completely normal nerve conduction parameters. Lastly, on assessing the F – wave parameters, only the latency of the slowest F – wave of the common peroneal nerve was prolonged which means that the smallest central fibers were also affected by hypertension. So, we see that the main effect of hypertension is on the axons of the smallest fibers. Lastly, it is possible to conclude that hypertensive disease could be associated with various types of peripheral neuropathy.