Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Who Participates? Who Leads? What are the Outcomes for College Students in Co-Curricular Activities?

Sessa and London's learning model (Sessa & London 2006, London & Sessa, 2006) was used to generate hypotheses suggesting that readiness to learn predicts which college students chose to respond to learning triggers in the institutional context of a university (i.e. coor extra-curricular activities, take on leader roles) and that participation leads to such learning outcomes as higher GP A, psycho-social development, and flourishing/wellbeing. One-hundred and sixty-eight students who varied in their participation levels (no participation beyond the classroom, participation in co-curricular activities, clubs, sports, etc., and involved in leader roles) filled out an online survey. Results partially support hypotheses. Readiness to learn partially predicted which students held leader positions and which did not participate in activities beyond the classroom; readiness to learn did not predict which students participated but did not hold leader positions. Leaders differed from non-participants in psycho-social development and flourishing. Few differences were found between leaders and participants, or participants and non-participants.
Oxytocin versus methyl ergometrine in the management of third stage of labor: a comparative study from a South Indian tertiary care hospital

Background: Methyl ergometrine is the conventionally used oxytocic. A few studies have shown that oxytocin is also effective in with fewer adverse effects. This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of oxytocin and methergine in the management of third stage of labor. Methods: 100 pregnant women with gestational age more than 37 weeks were taken up. Excluded were those with polyhydramnios, fibroid complicating pregnancy, intrauterine hemorrhage, antepartum hemorrhage, previous history of postpartum hemorrhage and contraindications to methergine. The subjects were randomised into two groups one given 0.2mg Methylergometrine and the other 10 Units of Oxytocin. The efficacy and the safety of these two drugs were analyzed with respect to fall in Haemoglobin (Hb) and Haematocrit (Hct) level, need for additional uterotonic agents, need for uterine evacuation, need for blood transfusion and duration of third stage of labor. Results: The mean duration of third stage of labor in the methergine group was 6.44 ± 2.426 min and in the oxytocin group 6.28±2.556 min. Mean blood loss was 224.80±50.759 ml and 237.0±69.583 ml. The mean fall in Hb was 0.82±0.29 % and 0.86±0.007%. The mean fall in PCV was 0.93± 0.65 and 0.91±0.64. 6 (6%) in the oxytocin group required additional methergine. 8 (16%) who received methergine had vomiting and 9 (19%) had risen in blood pressure, while those on oxytocin alone did not have any significant adverse effects. Methylergometrine and Oxytocin were equally efficacious in reducing blood loss and duration of third stage of labor. Conclusions: Intramuscular oxytocin is equally effective but has a better safety profile compared to methyl ergometrine and hence is a more preferable prophylactic uterotonic management of the third stage of labor.
Nature and Mechanisms of Loss of Motivation

Loss of motivation refers either to the weakening of a motive q or to the loss of energy and persistence with which some subordinate goal p is planned for and pursued in view of q. Although interrelated, such aspects can be kept distinct, and the present work focuses on the loss of strength of the subordinate goal. An analysis is provided of such mental attitudes as subjective frustration, negative expectation, disappointment, and discouragement so as to clarify their respective roles in favoring loss of motivation. The necessary cognitive conditions for the occurrence of loss of motivation are singled out; namely, goal p should be an intention, and a disappointment should occur in regard to the instrumental relationship between p and q, p‘s attainability, or p‘s convenience. Both advantages and limits of the model are discussed.
The development of strategies for studying texts.

BROWN, ANN L. , and SMILEY, SANDRA S. The Development of Strategies for Studying Texts. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1978, 49, 1076-1088. In a series of 3 experiments, the strategies of children and college students were examined as they attempted to study texts. College students, under various intentional learning instructions, displayed a clear diagnostic pattern. Following extended study they improved recall of important, but not unimportant, elements of texts. Eleventh and twelfth graders conformed to the adult pattern, but fifth through eighth graders were not as efficient. Older students benefited from increased study time because they possessed the necessary knowledge concerning the importance of text segments to enable them to concentrate on the essential. Younger students, not so prescient, did not concentrate exclusively on the important units, for they did not know what they were. Age was not the sole determinant of performance, for some students at each age spontaneously adopted the strategies of underlining or note-taking. Those who did concentrated on the important elements and subsequently approached the adultlike pattern in recall; those who did not displayed the immature pattern, even if induced to adopt I of the strategies.
Development of a personalised approach to clinical decision making in psychological treatment services using routine patient data

This thesis is concerned with the development of a personalised treatment approach to aid clinical decisions in psychological interventions provided for common mental health disorders (CMHDs), such as depression and anxiety disorders. It begins with a discussion of personalised medicine in healthcare and its potential for optimising care for CMHDs. The thesis then considers how personalised medicine can be used to inform clinical decision making, specifically clinical decisions in relation to the delivery of treatment in mental health services. This includes a description of the types of clinical decisions required, as well as examples from across healthcare that have used decision support tools (DSTs) to aid clinical judgement. This is followed by a review of patient characteristics that have been associated with outcomes in CMHD treatment. The review is supplemented by an analysis of a large dataset (n=10693) of patients receiving psychological treatment for CMHDs. It explores the associations between routinely available patient characteristics and outcomes. The thesis then reports on the use of latent profile analysis using the patient characteristics to identify statistically distinct sub-groups (profiles) of patients, and considers the variation in treatment outcomes between profiles and by the intensity of treatment. The change in depression and anxiety symptoms, as measured at every treatment session, is statistically modelled to identify different trajectories of change within and between the latent profiles. These trajectories represent differential response to psychological treatment. Information from the identified profiles is combined with the within treatment change methods to develop a personalised treatment approach to decisions about appropriate treatment and also clinical decisions during the course of treatment. The thesis then presents a prototype algorithm that can identify profiles and the likely trajectories of change pre-treatment, before discussing the clinical implications of providing this algorithm in routine care, as well as future directions of research
The Effect of Regular Exercise and Yoga on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Ovarian Cancer Survivors

There is growing interest in understanding the influence of yoga on health outcomes and health-related quality of life among cancer survivors. This cross-sectional study evaluated the effects of participating in regular exercise alone or in conjunction with yoga on health-related quality of life among 219 ovarian cancer survivors using the SF-36 health survey. Multivariate regression was used to assess the association between the exercise/yoga categories on the 8 SF-36 scales. The results suggest that survivors who participated in both regular exercise and yoga had higher scores in physical functioning, fewer limitations with physical and emotional health, less pain, and more vitality than survivors who reported participating in regular exercise only. These results highlight the utility of exercise as a potential predictor of health-related quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors and support adding yoga to an exercise program.
The Effectiveness of Mat Based Pilates Exercise in Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Systemic Review.

Objective: To systematically review and analyse all randomized control trials done on mat based Pilates exercises. Study design: Systemic review Methods: Articles were searched electronically from science direct, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PEDro, CINAHL, and SPORT Discus published in English. Research studies published since inception to Jan 2014 were selected for review. Two reviewers applied inclusion criteria to select potential studies. The methodological quality of the study was evaluated using two instruments, namely PEDro and Jadad scales. Results: Four eligible randomized controlled trials (n=5) were selected with PEDro score varying from 3-7 and 2-4 on Jadad scale. Conclusion: Although there is some positive evidence supporting the effectiveness of Pilates in the management of low back pain, no definite conclusions can be drawn except that further research is needed with larger samples for giving larger representation and more reliable results.
Do Judicial Sentiments Affect Social Attitudes?

This paper provides a general method for analyzing the causal effects of sentiments expressed in the language of judicial rulings, with an application to the effect on social attitudes. We apply natural language processing tools to the text of U.S. appellate court opinions to extrapolate judges’ sentiments toward a number of specific target groups. Exogenous variation in those sentiments comes from an instrumental variables approach, which exploits the random assignment of judges to cases (and the fact that judge characteristics provide good cross-validated predictors of expressed sentiments). Our estimates are consistent with a backlash effect from judge sentiments to social attitudes. This effect does not persist over time and is heterogeneous depending on the target group considered.
Abortion and the Politics of Motherhood

In this important study of the abortion controversy in the United States, Kristin Luker examines the issues, people, and beliefs on both sides of the abortion conflict. She draws data from twenty years of public documents and newspaper accounts, as well as over two hundred interviews with both pro-life and pro-choice activists. She argues that moral positions on abortion are intimately tied to views on sexual behavior, the care of children, family life, technology, and the importance of the individual.
Gender, Work-Family Overload, and Stigmatization: Academia as a Revealing Organizational Case

Recommended Citation Fox, M. F. (2020). Gender, Work-Family Overload, and Stigmatization: Academia as a Revealing Organizational Case. In E. Kossek & K. -H. Lee (Eds.), Fostering Gender and Work-Life Inclusion for Faculty in Understudied Contexts: An Organizational Science Lens (pp. 87-92). West Lafayette, IN: Purdue e-Pubs. DOI: 10.5703/1288284317216. Retrieved from https://docs.lib. purdue.edu/worklifeinclusion/2018/ wlsofc/1
Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent

Abstract The outcomes of invasive plant removal efforts are influenced by management decisions, but are also contingent on the uncontrolled spatial and temporal context of management areas. Phragmites australis is an aggressive invader that is intensively managed in wetlands across North America. Treatment options have been understudied, and the ecological contingencies of management outcomes are poorly understood. We implemented a 5‐year, multi‐site experiment to evaluate six Phragmites management treatments that varied timing (summer or fall) and types of herbicide (glyphosate or imazapyr) along with mowing, plus a nonherbicide solarization treatment. We evaluated treatments for their influence on Phragmites and native plant cover and Phragmites inflorescence production. We assessed plant community trajectories and outcomes in the context of environmental factors. The summer mow, fall glyphosate spray treatment resulted in low Phragmites cover, high inflorescence reduction, and provided the best conditions for native plant recruitment. However, returning plant communities did not resemble reference sites, which were dominated by ecologically important perennial graminoids. Native plant recovery following initial Phragmites treatments was likely limited by the dense litter that resulted from mowing. After 5 years, Phragmites mortality and native plant recovery were highly variable across sites as driven by hydrology. Plots with higher soil moisture had greater reduction in Phragmites cover and more robust recruitment of natives compared with low moisture plots. This moisture effect may limit management options in semiarid regions vulnerable to water scarcity. We demonstrate the importance of replicating invasive species management experiments across sites so the contingencies of successes and failures can be better understood.
Paternal involvement in infancy: The role of maternal and paternal attitudes.

The relation between maternal and paternal attitudes concerning paternal roles and paternal involvement with their 3-5-month-old infants was examined. A questionnaire-based study revealed that maternal attitudes predicted paternal involvement as reported by mothers. A 2nd study revealed that both maternal and paternal attitudes predicted paternal involvement as reported by both mothers and fathers. In a 3rd observational-based study, patterns of paternal stimulation of their infants were related to both maternal and paternal attitudes.
Prevalence and trends of mental disorders requiring inpatient care in the city of Porto Alegre: a citywide study including all inpatient admissions due to mental disorders in the public system from 2013-2017.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the 5-year prevalence of patients admitted to public inpatient care units due to a mental disorder, stratifying them by age group and diagnosis, and to assess trends of admissions over this time period in Porto Alegre. METHODS All admissions to the public mental health care system regulated by the city-owned electronic system Administração Geral dos Hospitais (AGHOS) were included in the analysis. The total population size was obtained by estimations of Fundação de Economia e Estatística (FEE). General information about 5-year prevalence of inpatient admissions, time-series trends e prevalence by age groups and diagnosis were presented. RESULTS There were 32,608 admissions over the 5-year period analyzed. The overall prevalence of patients was 1.62% among the total population, 0.01% among children, 1.12% among adolescents, 2.28% among adults and 0.93% among the elderly. The most common diagnosis was drug-related, followed by mood, alcohol-related and psychotic disorders. There was a linear trend showing an increase in the number of admissions from 2013 to the midst of 2014, which dropped in 2015. CONCLUSIONS Admissions due to mental disorders are relatively common, mainly among adults and related to drug use and mood disorders. Time trends varied slightly over the 5 years. Prevalence rates in real-world settings might be useful for policymakers interested in planning the public mental health system in large Brazilian cities.
Occupational gender segregation and economic growth in U.S. local labor markets, 1980 through 2010

The exchange of diverse ideas has been shown to be a major driver of economic growth and innovation in local labor markets across the U.S. Yet, persistently high levels of occupational gender segregation pose a barrier to such exchange between women and men workers. Consistent with this, organizational sociologists have identified multiple economic benefits to gender diversity in workplaces. Yet, it is unclear whether these trends apply to local labor markets, which constitute the ecological geographic environment for firms. In this study, I use fixed effects regression models to examine the relationship between labor market levels of segregation and economic growth from 1980 through 2010. I find that gender segregation hinders the expansion of finance and technology sectors as two industries that rely on the exchange of information and innovation. Consequently, higher levels of gender segregation are also a bane to economic productivity, as measured through hourly wages. Results from this study suggest that gender equity, manifested in lower levels of occupational segregation, is a vital ingredient in the economic development of local U.S. labor markets.
Clinical significance of the monocyte:lymphocyte ratio for ankylosing spondylitis patients with thoracolumbar kyphotic deformities

Purpose This study aimed to determine the clinical significance of the monocyte:lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity. Methods Ninety AS patients and 45 healthy controls were retrospectively enrolled. AS patients were divided into thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity (AS deformity) and spine normal (AS normal) groups. Blood parameters including C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were determined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results Counts of white blood cells, neutrophils, and monocytes, and the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio, platelet:lymphocyte ratio, and MLR were significantly higher in the AS than the control group. ROC curve results showed that the MLR yielded a higher area under the curve (AUC) value than other parameters, compared with controls. The MLR and monocyte count were higher in the AS deformity group than the AS normal group. ROC curve results indicated that the MLR yielded a higher AUC value than other parameters, compared with the AS normal group. Logistic regression suggested that the MLR was an independent predictor for thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity. Conclusions The MLR was elevated in AS patients, and was shown to be an independent predictor for thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity.
Density-Based Separation of Microbial Functional Groups in Activated Sludge

Mechanistic understanding of how activated sludge (AS) solids density influences wastewater treatment processing is limited. Because microbial groups often generate and store intracellular inclusions during certain metabolic processes, it is hypothesized that some microorganisms, like polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), would have higher biomass densities. The present study developed a density-based separation approach and applied it to suspended growth AS in two full-scale domestic water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). Incorporating quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses, the research demonstrated the effectiveness of density-based separation in enriching key microbial functional groups, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and PAOs, by up to 90-fold in target biomass fractions. It was observed that WRRF process functionalities have significant influence on density-based enrichment, such that maximum enrichments were achieved in the sludge fraction denser than 1.036 g/cm3 for the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) facility and in the sludge fraction lighter than 1.030 g/cm3 for the non-EBPR facility. Our results provide important information on the relationship between biomass density and enrichment of microbial functional groups in AS, contributing to future designs of enhanced biological treatment processes for improved AS settleability and performance.
UV Fluorescence-Based Determination of Urinary Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a class of proteins or lipids that are non-enzymatically glycated and oxidized after contact with aldose sugars. The accumulation of AGEs results in carbonyl stress, which is characteristic for diabetes mellitus, uremia, atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction. In recent decades, several innovative methods have been developed to measure the concentration of AGEs in blood or urine. In the present study, we evaluated the use of UV fluorescence as an alternative tool to detect urinary AGEs in four groups of well characterized chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients over a wide range of kidney insufficiency and in a group of healthy subjects. Using an excitation wavelength of 365 nm, the fluorescence spectra of urinary AGEs were recorded in the 400–620 nm emission range. When considering the emission peaks at 440 nm and 490 nm, a significantly higher AGE-specific fluorescence intensity was detected in CKD patients compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively). The urinary creatinine adjusted fluorescence emission spectra in the group of CKD patients with diabetes mellitus were comparable with those of CKD patients without diabetes mellitus. Creatinine-adjusted fluorescence emission spectra were highest in CKD patients with proteinuria, moderate in CKD patients without proteinuria and lowest in healthy controls (p < 0.0001 at both emission wavelengths). In a multiple regression analysis, age, CRP and insulin treatment were predictors of fluorescence intensity at the emission wavelength of 440 nm. Age and insulin treatment were predictors at 490 nm. The presented method is a simple, cheap, alternative method to monitor the AGE-load in the CKD population.
A Random Parameters Ordered Probit Analysis of Injury Severity in Truck Involved Rear-End Collisions

Social and economic burdens caused by truck-involved rear-end collisions are of great concern to public health and the environment. However, few efforts focused on identifying the difference of impacting factors on injury severity between car-strike-truck and truck-strike-car in rear-end collisions. In light of the above, this study focuses on illustrating the impact of variables associated with injury severity in truck-related rear-end crashes. To this end, truck involved rear-end crashes between 2006 and 2015 in the U.S. were obtained. Three random parameters ordered probit models were developed: two separate models for the car-strike-truck crashes and the truck-strike-car crashes, respectively, and one for the combined dataset. The likelihood ratio test was conducted to evaluate the significance of the difference between the models. The results show that there is a significant difference between car-strike-truck and truck-strike-car crashes in terms of contributing factors towards injury severity. In addition, indicators reflecting male, truck, starting or stopped in the road before a crash, and other vehicles stopped in lane show a mixed impact on injury severity. Corresponding implications were discussed according to the findings to reduce the possibility of severe injury in truck-involved rear-end collisions.