Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Multicast Network-On-Chip for Scalable Reconfigurable Neuromorphic Systems

State-of-the-art neuromorphic computing architectures to date suffer from interconnect scalability required for large-scale neural processing. We present a high-performance and low-overhead multicast network-on-chip (NoC) architecture for hierarchical address event routing (Multicast-HiAER) suitable for large-scale reconfigurable neuromorphic systems. Each building block of this efficient NoC architecture consists of several multi-cast advanced high-performance buses (mAHB) running in parallel for high-bandwidth inter-core spike event transmission. This architecture for scalable event routing can help to implement brain-scale sparse neural network connectivity distributed across neuromorphic processing cores, with network constraints typical of locally dense and globally sparse neuron connectivity. For a demonstration using a Xilinx Virtex Ultrascale VU37p FPGA, we have shown an $8\times 8$ grid of mAHBs running at 512MHz clock performing Level-1 and Leve1-2 inter-core communication at top bandwidth of 420M events per second per 128k neuron node in the hierarchy. This peak absolute bandwidth supports spike event registration with sub-ms latencies under worst-case conditions of all postsynaptic destinations being off-core.
Many-body decoherence dynamics and optimized operation of a single-photon switch

We develop a theoretical framework to characterize the decoherence dynamics due to multi-photon scattering in an all-optical switch based on Rydberg atom induced nonlinearities. By incorporating the knowledge of this decoherence process into optimal photon storage and retrieval strategies, we establish optimized switching protocols for experimentally relevant conditions, and evaluate the corresponding limits in the achievable fidelities. Based on these results we work out a simplified description that reproduces recent experiments (Nat. Commun. 7 12480) and provides a new interpretation in terms of many-body decoherence involving multiple incident photons and multiple gate excitations forming the switch. Aside from offering insights into the operational capacity of realistic photon switching capabilities, our work provides a complete description of spin wave decoherence in a Rydberg quantum optics setting, and has immediate relevance to a number of further applications employing photon storage in Rydberg media.
A BAYESIAN MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS OF THE M–σ RELATION

We present an analysis of selection biases in the Mbh–σ relation using Monte Carlo simulations including the sphere of influence resolution selection bias and a selection bias in the velocity dispersion distribution. We find that the sphere of influence selection bias has a significant effect on the measured slope of the Mbh–σ relation, modeled as βintrinsic = −4.69 + 2. 22βmeasured, where the measured slope is shallower than the model slope in the parameter range of β > 4, with larger corrections for steeper model slopes. Therefore, when the sphere of influence is used as a criterion to exclude unreliable measurements, it also introduces a selection bias that needs to be modeled to restore the intrinsic slope of the relation. We find that the selection effect due to the velocity dispersion distribution of the sample, which might not follow the overall distribution of the population, is not important for slopes of β ∼ 4–6 of a logarithmically linear Mbh–σ relation, which could impact some studies that measure low (e.g., β < 4) slopes. Combining the selection biases in velocity dispersions and the sphere of influence cut, we find that the uncertainty of the slope is larger than the value without modeling these effects and estimate an intrinsic slope of β = 5.28+0.84− 0.55.
B →kl+l- decay form factors from three-flavor lattice QCD

We compute the form factors for the B → Kl+l- semileptonic decay process in lattice QCD using gauge-field ensembles with 2+1 flavors of sea quark, generated by the MILC Collaboration. The ensembles span lattice spacings from 0.12 to 0.045 fm and have multiple sea-quark masses to help control the chiral extrapolation. The asqtad improved staggered action is used for the light valence and sea quarks, and the clover action with the Fermilab interpretation is used for the heavy b quark. We present results for the form factors f+(q2), f0(q2), and fT(q2), where q2 is the momentum transfer, together with a comprehensive examination of systematic errors. Lattice QCD determines the form factors for a limited range of q2, and we use the model-independent z expansion to cover the whole kinematically allowed range. We present our final form-factor results as coefficients of the z expansion and the correlations between them, where the errors on the coefficients include statistical and all systematic uncertainties. Lastly, we use this complete description of the form factors to test QCD predictions of the form factors at high and low q2.
An Error Propagation Free Decode and Forward Scheme for Channel-Unaware Two-Way Relay Networks

This paper considers channel-unaware two-way relay networks (TWRNs) with a single-antenna decode-and-forward (DF) relay. These networks typically rely on differential signalling which results in error propagation and error floors. To overcome this drawback, we develop a novel differential signalling scheme, which, in contrast with existing ones, does not cause detection errors to propagate from one block to the next. We obtain a union bound on the block error rate (BLER), which shows that the proposed differential method exhibits superior performance to existing schemes, eliminates error floors and results in a BLER that decays as the inverse of the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the proposed scheme removes the unitarity restriction on the transmitted symbols in conventional differential signalling. Therefore, non-unitary symbols can be used in the differential signalling which provides more degrees of design freedom and better performance. Our numerical results confirm our analytical findings.
ALF gravitational instantons and collapsing Ricci-flat metrics on the $K3$ surface

We construct large families of new collapsing hyperk\"ahler metrics on the K3 surface. The limit space is the quotient of a flat 3-torus by an involution. Away from finitely many exceptional points the collapse occurs with bounded curvature. There are at most 24 exceptional points where the curvature concentrates, which always contains the 8 fixed points of the involution on the 3-torus. The geometry around these points is modelled by ALF gravitational instantons: of dihedral type (Dk) for the fixed points of the involution on the 3-torus and of cyclic type (Ak) otherwise. The collapsing metrics are constructed by deforming approximately hyperk\"ahler metrics obtained by gluing ALF gravitational instantons to a background (incomplete) hyperk\"ahler metric arising from the Gibbons-Hawking ansatz over a punctured 3-torus. As an immediate application to submanifold geometry, we exhibit hyperk\"ahler metrics on the K3 surface that admit a strictly stable minimal sphere which cannot be holomorphic with respect to any complex structure compatible with the metric.
Visibility-based Power Spectrum Estimation for Low-Frequency Radio Interferometric Observations

We present a visibility based estimator namely, the Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) to estimate the power spectrum of the diffuse sky signal. The TGE has three novel features. First, the estimator uses gridded visibilities to estimate the power spectrum which is computationally much faster than individually correlating the visibilities. Second, a positive noise bias is removed by subtracting the auto-correlation of the visibilities which is responsible for the noise bias. Third, the estimator allows us to taper the field of view so as to suppress the contribution from the sources in the outer regions and the sidelobes of the telescope's primary beam. We first consider the two dimensional (2D) TGE to estimate the angular power spectrum $C_{\ell}$. We have also extended the TGE to estimate the three dimensional (3D) power spectrum $P({\bf k})$ of the cosmological 21-cm signal. Analytic formulas are presented for predicting the variance of the binned power spectrum. Both the estimators and their variance predictions are validated using simulations of $150 \, {\rm MHz}$ GMRT observations. We have applied the 2D TGE to estimate $C_{\ell}$ using visibility data for two of the fields observed by TIFR GMRT Sky Survey (TGSS). We find that the sky signal, after subtracting the point sources, is likely dominated by the diffuse Galactic synchrotron radiation across the angular multipole range $240 \le \ell \lesssim 500$.
Power-Aware Computing on GPGPU Systems Using ML Classification Techniques

General-purpose graphical processing units (GPGPUs) have become increasingly valuable platforms for accelerating parallel deep learning applications in recent years. GPUs are energy efficient if the software utilizes all usable resources; however, there are no hardware frameworks to adjust resources according to the application’s requirements. In this paper, we address a robust methodology for optimizing the structure of GPGPUs using machine learning (ML) techniques. The candidate model allows the use of output measurements from the base GPU configuration to determine the optimal GPU resources between three classes (large, medium, and small). We infer from the experimental results that, while we can achieve substantial power-aware computing, they can be significant while running the program on its suitable GPU setup. The ML-classification approach is tested under different CUDA application workloads to validate its effectiveness as well as GPU energy consumption and instruction per cycle metrics.
Efficient Check Node Processing for Min-Max NB-LDPC Decoding over Lower-Order Finite Fields

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes defined over non-binary (NB) finite field GF(2q)(q >1) achieve better error-correcting performance than binary LDPC codes when the codeword length is moderate. The decoder complexity increases very fast with the order of the field, 2q, although the error-correcting performance also improves. To reduce the complexity for practical applications, NB-LDPC codes over lower-order finite fields are of great interest. Previous designs have been focusing on decoders over either the smallest NB field GF (4) or much larger fields, such as GF (32) or higher. Prior optimization techniques are either not applicable or do not lead to efficient designs for codes over GF (8) or other lower-order fields. In this paper, an efficient architecture is developed for the check node processing, which is the most complicated step in NB-LDPC decoding, for the Min-max algorithm over lower-order fields. By utilizing the properties of finite field elements, the max/min comparison results are shared and the number of comparators needed is reduced significantly. Compared to the best prior design, the proposed check node processing has 18.5% smaller area and shorter critical path for an example code over GF (8).
A Dickson Hybrid Boost Converter With On-Chip Cold-Start for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting

This paper presents a Dickson hybrid boost converter with an on-chip cold starter for thermoelectric energy harvesting. The proposed harvester achieves both high power efficiency and low inductor volume. An on-chip LC oscillator cold starts the harvester without external components. Besides, a lookup table based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) improves the end-to-end efficiency in a wide input range. Designed and simulated in a 0.13 $\mu$m CMOS process, the harvester achieves a maximum end-to-end efficiency of 93.9% with a 5.6 $\mu$H inductor. The circuit cold starts at an input of 70 mV and the minimum operation voltage is as low as 6 mV with a 100 nW load.
A 2.7μJ/classification Machine-Learning based Approximate Computing Seizure Detection SoC

An electroencephalogram (EEG) based non-invasive 2-channel System on Chip (SoC) is presented to detect and report the seizure event of the epileptic patient. The SoC incorporates an area and power-efficient dual-channel analog front-end (AFE) and machine learning-based differential difference approximate computing seizure detection ($\text{D}^{2}$ACSD) processor. The $\text{D}^{2}$ACSD processor integrates approximate computing feature extraction and fixed-point linear support vector machine (LSVM) classifier to minimize the area-and-power utilization. The AFE comprises of two duty-cycled resistive MOSFET (DCRM) capacitively coupled instrumentation amplifier ($\text{C}^{2}$IA), a programmable gain amplifier, and multiplexed SAR-ADC. The DCRM-C2IA utilizes proposed DCRM technique to boost the equivalent resistance of the integrator of the DC servo loop. The 5m$\text{m}^{2}$SoC is implemented in 0.18$\mu$m, CMOS process while achieving an average accuracy of 89.19%, sensitivity 92.18% and specificity 89.13% for the random and block-wise splitting of data in train/test sets. The implemented DCRM-C2IA achieves an integrated noise of 0.80$\mu$Vrms over 0.5-100Hz frequency band. The realized system consumes $2.7\mu \text{J}/$classification to continuously detect seizure onset for timely suppression.
Seeded excitation avalanches in off-resonantly driven Rydberg gases

We report an experimental investigation of the facilitated excitation dynamics in off-resonantly driven Rydberg gases by separating the initial off-resonant excitation phase from the facilitation phase, in which successive facilitation events lead to excitation avalanches. We achieve this by creating a controlled number of initial seed excitations. Greater insight into the avalanche mechanism is obtained from an analysis of the full counting distributions. We also present simple mathematical models and numerical simulations of the excitation avalanches that agree well with our experimental results.
SIMULATIONS OF WIDE-FIELD WEAK-LENSING SURVEYS. II. COVARIANCE MATRIX OF REAL-SPACE CORRELATION FUNCTIONS

Using 1000 ray-tracing simulations for a Λ-dominated cold dark model in Sato et al., we study the covariance matrix of cosmic shear correlation functions, which is the standard statistics used in previous measurements. The shear correlation function of a particular separation angle is affected by Fourier modes over a wide range of multipoles, even beyond a survey area, which complicates the analysis of the covariance matrix. To overcome such obstacles we first construct Gaussian shear simulations from the 1000 realizations and then use the Gaussian simulations to disentangle the Gaussian covariance contribution to the covariance matrix we measured from the original simulations. We found that an analytical formula of Gaussian covariance overestimates the covariance amplitudes due to an effect of the finite survey area. Furthermore, the clean separation of the Gaussian covariance allows us to examine the non-Gaussian covariance contributions as a function of separation angles and source redshifts. For upcoming surveys with typical source redshifts of zs = 0.6 and 1.0, the non-Gaussian contribution to the diagonal covariance components at 1 arcmin scales is greater than the Gaussian contribution by a factor of 20 and 10, respectively. Predictions based on the halo model qualitatively well reproduce the simulation results, however show a sizable disagreement in the covariance amplitudes. By combining these simulation results we develop a fitting formula to the covariance matrix for a survey with arbitrary area coverage, taking into account effects of the finiteness of survey area on the Gaussian covariance.
An analytic toy model for relativistic accretion in Kerr space–time

We present a relativistic model for the stationary axisymmetric accretion flow of a rotating cloud of non-interacting particles falling onto a Kerr black hole. Based on a ballistic approximation, streamlines are described analytically in terms of timelike geodesics, while a simple numerical scheme is introduced for calculating the density field. A novel approach is presented for describing all of the possible types of orbit by means of a single analytic expression. This model is a useful tool for highlighting purely relativistic signatures in the accretion flow dynamics coming from a strong gravitational field with frame-dragging. In particular, we explore the coupling due to this between the spin of the black hole and the angular momentum of the infalling matter. Moreover, we demonstrate how this analytic solution may be used for benchmarking general relativistic numerical hydrodynamics codes by comparing it against results of smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations for a collapsar-like setup. These simulations are performed first for a ballistic flow (with zero pressure) and then for a hydrodynamical one where we measure the effects of pressure gradients on the infall, thus exploring the extent of applicability of the ballistic approximation.
Blanchfield forms and Gordian distance

Given a link in S3S3 we will use invariants derived from the Alexander module and the Blanchfield pairing to obtain lower bounds on the Gordian distance between links, the unlinking number and various splitting numbers. These lower bounds generalise results recently obtained by Kawauchi. We give an application restricting the knot types which can arise from a sequence of splitting operations on a link. This allows us to answer a question asked by Colin Adams in 1996.
Three-body hypernuclei in pionless effective field theory

We calculate the structure of three-body hypernuclei with $S=-1$ using pionless effective field theory at leading order in the isospin $I=0$ and $I=1$ sectors. In both sectors, three-body hypernuclei arise naturally from the Efimov effect and a three-body parameter is required at leading order. We apply our theory to the hypertriton and the hypothetical $\Lambda nn$ bound state and calculate the corresponding scaling factors. Moreover, we discuss constraints on the existence of the $\Lambda nn$ bound state. In particular, we elucidate universal correlations between different observables and provide explicit calculations of wave functions and matter radii.
An E-Learning Continuance Intention and Cultural Student: Mediation Role of Perceived Ease of Use

The purpose of this study is to examine the e-learning adaptation model, namely the mediation of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in the relationship between compatibility of technology and student continuance intention. The object of study of the research focuses on students, who already have experience with the use of e-learning concepts at universities. The research method used is a survey, with the selected data is quantitative. The survey was conducted on students in the city of Bandung, which has many universities that implement the concept of e-learning. The data from students as respondents was collected through questionnaires and the data was processed using the SmartPLS tool, considering the mediation model testing such as path analysis. The test results conveyed that there was a positive relationship between research variables. Compatibility of technology as a supporter of the e-learning concept can be the main supporter of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The impact is on adapting the concept of e-learning which is more easily accepted by students. Besides, it is known that there is a good relationship between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in increasing continuance intention. Another finding is that continuance intention can be directly influenced by compatibility of technology, but with a low correlation value. These findings can explain that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness can be the right mediation to increase students' continuance intention in the concept of e-learning. The culture and habits of students seem to have a role in adapting the concept of e-learning, this is also a recommendation for further research. This research provides insight into universities that organize the concept of e-learning, where it is necessary to pay attention to the mediation of technology adaptation, to be able to support the implementation of e-learning.
Electrical Resistivity and Thermal Expansion Measurements of URu2Si2 under Pressure

We carried out simultaneous measurements of electrical resistivity and thermal expansion of the heavy-fermion compound URu 2 Si 2 under pressure using a single crystal. We observed a phase transition anomaly between hidden (HO) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordered states at T M in the temperature dependence of both measurements. For the electrical resistivity, the anomaly at T M was very small compared with the distinct hump anomaly at the phase transition temperature T 0 between the paramagnetic state (PM) and HO, and exhibited only a slight increase and decrease for the I ∥ a -axis and c -axis, respectively. We estimated each excitation gap of HO, Δ HO , and AFM, Δ AFM , from the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity; Δ HO and Δ AFM have different pressure dependences from each other. On the other hand, the temperature dependence of thermal expansion exhibited a small anomaly at T 0 and a large anomaly at T M . The pressure dependence of the phase boundaries of T 0 and T M indicates that there.
Spinfoams near a classical curvature singularity

We apply the technique of the spinfoam to study space-time, which, classically, contains a curvature singularity. We derive from the full covariant loop quantum gravity (LQG) that the region near curvature singularity has to be of the strong quantum gravity effect. We show that the spinfoam configuration describing the near-singularity region has to be of small spins j, in order that its contribution to the full spinfoam amplitude is nontrivial. The spinfoams in low and high-curvature regions of space-time may be viewed as in two different phases of covariant LQG. There should be a phase transition as space-time described by the spinfoam becomes more and more curved. A candidate of the order parameter is proposed for understanding the phase transition. Moreover, we also analyze the spin-spin correlation function of the spinfoam and show the correlation is of long range in the low-curvature phase. This work is a first step toward understanding the physics of black hole and early Universe from the full covariant LQG theory.
The Rapid Adoption of E-wallet: An empirical study

The rapid adoption of e-wallets by the community indicates that this payment system is well received. Of course, this condition cannot be separated from trust and consumer lifestyle. This study examines lifestyle compatibility, trust, and attitudes on customer behavioral intention. Data collection uses an online questionnaire distributed to 336 e-wallet users through social media. Then, the data were analyzed using a covariant-based structural equation modeling method (CB-SEM) with Lisrel 8.7. As a result, lifestyle compatibility significantly affects attitudes and behavioral intentions. Trust has a significant effect on attitudes and behavioral intentions. Lastly, attitude influences behavioral intention to use the e-wallet. Practically, this research contributes to e-wallet companies in understanding how consumers adopt e-wallets.
Transition of Schwarzschild-de Sitter space to de Sitter space through tunneling

We revisit Parikh-Wilczek tunneling through the de Sitter horizon and obtain the tunneling rate in Schwarzschild-de Sitter space, which is non-thermal and closely related to the change of entropy. We discuss the thermodynamics of Schwarzschild-de Sitter space and show existence of correlation which can ensure conservation of the total entropy in the transition process of Schwarzschild-de Sitter space to de Sitter space. The correlation and the conserved entropy provide a way to explain the entropy in empty de Sitter space.