Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Study on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Virus with Modeling the Impact of Climate Variability on Outbreak Occurrence in Some Governorates of Nile Delta, Egypt.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus is widely circulated between poultry flocks in Egypt. The present study described the spatiotemporal dynamics of HPAI H5N1 in five Nile Delta governorates, Egypt (Dakhlia, Qalyobia, Sharkia, Gharbia, and Menofia) where most cases were reported for the years 2006 to 2016. Moreover, this study explored the impact of climate variability in outbreaks occurrence using the statistical generalized estimating equation model. The highest prevalence rate was recorded in Dakhlia and Qalyobia governorates, while Menofia governorate had the lowest one. From 2006 to 2009, the classic clade 2.2. 1 was predominant and remained stable. It was demonstrated that new unreported clades had been evolved from classic clades after the vaccination pressure until 2010 resulted in raising the PR sharply. The stability of PR from 2012 to 2014 could be attributed to the adaptation of 2.2. 1.2 endemic clade. The generalized estimating equation model revealed that a one-unit increase in maximum and minimum temperature decreased the risk of a poultry outbreak by about 6% and 4%, respectively. According to the obtained results, it seems that the virus circulates and causes infection throughout the year, indicating changes in virus epidemiology and temporal patterns.
KEY DRIVERS OF PURCHASE INTENTION AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS A PERSPECTIVE OF ONLINE SHOPPING

Electronic commerce is gaining attention among the university students. The aim of this research is to study the key drivers of online shopping intention among undergraduate students in Malaysia. Several factors such as perceived convenience, website attractiveness, perceived riskiness and initial trust were analyzed. The number of respondents consisted of 220which were randomly chosen from the higher learning institutions in Kedah and Perlis, Malaysia but only 200 questionnaires were obtained. The results indicated that perceived convenience, website attractiveness and perceived riskiness were found significantly influence online shopping intention but initial trust is not significantly influence online shopping intention. It was suggested that future research can be done in larger sample size which allowed for statistical analyses and models such as Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) or behavioral model could also be included in future research.
Hemolymph cells apoptosis in imported shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei from Hawaii to Iran , exposed to white spot virus

White shrimp [Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei)] is a kind of significant shrimp in aquatic areas in the world. In recent years, the morbidity increased in cultured shrimp due to virus and bacterial diseases. Aquaculture is the fastest developing food generating sector in the world, with an average annual buildup rate of 8.9% since 1970. Shrimp culture is the most significant trade area in South-East Asia. Shrimp culture begins in Iran in 1994 and has quickly enlarged throughout last years. But intense culture systems causing stress to the animals predispose them to infection. In crustaceans, the constituents of immune system are detected chiefly in hemolymph which includes three forms of hemocytes: hyaline (agranular), semigranular (small granular) and granular (large granular) hemocytes. Shrimp PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT
Adsorption of Heavy Metal (Cu, Ni and Zn) from Synthetic Waste Water by Tea Waste Adsorbent

Industrial waste constitutes the major source of various kinds of metal pollution in natural water. There are at least 20 metals which cannot be degraded or destroyed. The important toxic metals are Cu, Ni and Zn. There are numerous methods currently employed to remove and recover the metals from our environment and many physicochemical methods have been proposed for their removal from wastewater. Adsorption is one of the alternatives for such cases and is an effective purification and separation technique used in industry especially in water and wastewater treatments. Cost is an important parameter for comparing the adsorbent materials. Therefore, there is increasing research interest in using alternative low-cost adsorbents. The use of tea waste as the low-cost adsorbents was investigated as a replacement for current costly methods of removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The experiment results showed that maximum removal of Nickel ion by tea waste is 94% and for Copper & Zinc ion are 89% & 90% respectively at optimum condition.
DEFICIENT SACRAL HIATUS CAUSE MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN: A RADIOLOGICAL STUDY

Address for Correspondence: Dr. Ganesh Elumalai, Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, Texila American University, Georgetown, South America. E-Mail: physiovesalius@gmail.com Objectives: The study was designed to identify whether there is any association between the variations of sacral hiatus with low back pain (LBP) using the pelvic radiographs of the LBP patients. Methods: One hundred and fifty digital radiographs include age group of patients between 15 to 50 years of both male and female patients were included in this study. Out of which 100 digital radiographs were of patients with history of LBP positive and 50 digital radiographs are from the LBP negative persons. The morphometry of radiographs were measured using Image-J software and then the measurements of LBP positive radiographs were compared with the measurements of radiographs with LBP negative persons. Results: In 86 % of LBP negative radiographs, the sacral hiatus was inverted -U shape and in 14 % the sacral hiatus was inverted -V shape. Deficient dorsal wall of the sacrum was not observed in LBP negative radiographs. The apex of the sacral hiatus in LBP negative radiographs was observed the most at S4 level. Deficient dorsal wall was found in 3 % (1% in Partial and 2% in complete) patients presented with LBP positive. Absence of sacral hiatus, a rare phenomenon was observed in 2% of cases in LBP positive radiographs. The apex of the sacral hiatus in the LBP positive patients observed at the S3 level were 52 % and 34 % in S2 level respectively Conclusion: The patients with LBP positive radiographs had a higher percentage of deficient dorsal walls in comparison to the LBP negative radiographs.
Environmental Benefits of Estate and Urban Green Architecture across Locations in Port Harcourt Conurbation, Nigeria

Port Harcourt metropolis is the only developing town in Rivers state Nigeria with quality agricultural soil and other natural endowment. The enriched environment for all systems of agricultural practices attract some urbanites in agricultural sector and the indigenes believed that their resource particularly the soil had been abandoned from agricultural uses and its environmental advantages owing to over concentration of industrial and commercial activities. This study was necessitated to actually verify the claim. Therefore, environmental benefits of urban agriculture and food crops visibility questionnaire were administered in different income locations of the fruitful soil region. The collected sample were analysed using principal component analysis method, standard deviation and Duncan multiple correlation coefficient. The result for determination of urban agriculture environmental advantages held that visibility of food (0.49) and improving air quality (0.50) were considered as the supreme environmental benefits of urban agriculture. However, tree product/medical herb (20%), urban sustainability (13%), agrarian development (12%), soil capacity/incubation (09%) and climate change resilience (10%) were the classified environmental benefits of urban agriculture. In respect to variation, the analysis detailed that the environmental values of urban agrarian for high and medium income communities are the same but differs for low income communities at (p<0.05). The increase of poor environmental quality recorded in different income communities or location of urban communities may be attributed to non-inclusiveness of agrarian practices in urban governance. It is our ultimate opinion that the governments should adopt the establishment and regular maintenance of crop farms across the urban communities to ensure uniformity, availability of open green belt and encouragement of environmental aesthetics for all the communities. So that the 5% per cent space allotted for agriculture in every individual proposed urban land space can serve as a buffer, wind control measure, enhancement of quality air, natural landscape element and as well as visibility of food crops.
The effect of selenium source on the performance of growing chickens

An experiment was designed to investigate and compare the effect of organic and standard inorganic selenium in a diet on daily weight gains and food utilization of growing pullets. Pullets, 9 weeks old, were divided into 2 groups of 80 chicks each with 4 replication of 20 chicks per replication. The first group fed diet mixture with standard inorganic form of selenium and was control for the second group whose diet contained organic form of selenium. Diets of the experimental groups were isonitrojenic and isocaloric and differences were only in the forms and content of selenium. The results from this study show that organic selenium, in the form of selenized yeast, was more effective than inorganic form. * Corresponding Author: Nebojsa Lalic  nebojsa.lalic@pr.ac. rs International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 8, No. 6, p. 21-25, 2016 International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 14-22, 2014
Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Hydrolytic and Antioxidant Enzymes during Seed Germination in Onion

Increasing production and use of nano-sized materials have raised concerns about their possible impacts on environmental and human health (Hood, 2004). These nanomaterials (NMs) are being produced, sold and commercially used for various purposes and even in some food products. As NMs are being used on large scale they might have entered in ecosystems. Such NMs on entering in ecosystem might have affected or effected seed germination process, plant growth and metabolism. Hence, plants should be tested to establish their response to nanomaterial stress and possible role of hydrolytic and antioxidant enzymes to NMs during seed germination and early seedling growth. Seeds enfold sufficient quantity of food reserves which support the seed germination and early seedling growth (Zeeman et al., 2004). Germinating seeds generally exhibit high amylase and protease activities. This is because these enzymes are synthesized during seed germination to mobilize stored food for the survival of the young plant until it is capable of making its food by photosynthesis (Schramm and Loyter, 1966). Seed germination is regarded as a series of steps which normally occur prior to the emergence of the radicle from the seed coat (Mayerand and Shain, 1974). The water intake rate and seed reserve utilization are important physiological and biochemical processes associated with seed germination. ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 7 (2014) pp. 749-760 http://www.ijcmas. com
Improved Fish Swarm Algorithm for Path Establishment in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

-The vehicular ad hoc network is the type of ad hoc network in which vehicles move freely and communicate with each other. In vehicular ad hoc networks two type of communication is possible, i.e.: vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication. In vehicle to infrastructure communication, vehicles communicate with road side units and in V2V communication vehicles communicate with each other. As vehicle nodes have higher mobility due which some prediction based technique are proposed in previous times for path establishment. Among proposed prediction based techniques, location audit routing is proposed which is based location is estimated and routing can be done in the network. In this work, improvement will be proposed in fish swarm technique for efficient path establishment between source and destination. This will leads to reduce delay and improve network throughput.
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy . Fissureless Technique . Study with 500 Cases

Objectives: Main reason why patients remain in the hospital after a pulmonary resection is prolonged air leak (PAL). This implies an increment of hospital costs and of stay-derived complications. The objective of this study has been to evaluate the real impact of fissure less technique in video-assisted (VATS) lobectomy in duration of air leak compared with other patients with open lobectomy.
Physicochemical and Organoleptic assessment of Patties from Beef and Antelope Meat

A study was carried out to assess the physicochemical and sensory properties of patties from beef and antelope meat. Fresh 3kg each of beef and antelope meat were purchased and chilled at 4 0 C for 24 hours. They were thawed and ground, 2.3kg of each meat type was divided into five portions of 0,25, 50, 75 and 100% after mixing the two meat types into 0g, 115g, 230g, 345g and 460g of antelope meat. The meat patties were broiled and cooled to room temperature. The weight, thickness, diameter, cooked, patties stability, colour change, shear force, pH, water holding capacity, proximate composition and sensory attributes of the patties were determined. The results showed that physical, chemical and sensory attributes were higher (P<0.05) in patties with high level of antelope meat inclusion. Also, patties with low levels of antelope meat inclusion were preferred more (P<0.05) than those with high levels of antelope meat inclusion. The results revealed further that antelope meat inclusion between 25% and 50% was sufficient to provide the varieties the consumers need in meat patties from beef and antelope meat. It is suggested therefore, that antelope meat inclusion in meat patties be limited to those two levels for consumers’ maximum consumption of patties from beef and antelope meat.
Pre-Operative Shaving Versus Trimming and Their Relation to Post Operative Surgical Site Infection (SSI), A Randomized Controlled Trial

M.S. (General Surgeon), Department of Surgery, Government medical college Baroda, Vadodara, India Corresponding Author Dipak M. Varia Address: 14, Tapi Darshan Soc. -2, Near Cause Way Circle, Singan Por, Surat-4 Email: drdip1307@gmail.com, Contact no.: 8511175728 ABSTRACT Background: Before conducting any surgery pre-operative hair removal is needed. Different methods that are currently in usage are: shaving with razor, electric trimming, and depilatory cream. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of two methods of preoperative hair removal trimming and shaving to postoperative SSI. Aim and Objectives: To determine the impact of two techniques: pre-operative shaving versus trimming of hair, on the incidence of post-operative SSI. Methods: Data was collected from the department of surgery at SSGH in the period from December 2014 to January 2016. The patients were randomized into two groups. Wounds were inspected on 3 rd , 5 th , 30 th
Impact of Comorbidities on Self-Esteem of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: 2 decades of research had found that comorbid disorders occur in children with ADHD more than by chance. The role of comorbidities in influencing the self-esteem of children with ADHD is still less explored. Aims: To study the various domains of self-esteem in children with ADHD and to evaluate the effect of comorbidities on low self-esteem in ADHD children. Methods And Materials: 60 subjects aged 6 to 16 years who were diagnosed based on DSM IV as ADHD were recruited with informed consent, from tertiary care hospital for a period of 6 months by consecutive sampling. Based on detailed interview of subjects and parents using the Semi structured assessment schedule KSADS PL for comorbidities, children with ADHD were grouped as those with and without comorbidities. While severity of ADHD was assessed by Conner’s Parent’s 10 item abbreviated index, self-esteem was assessed by Culture free selfesteem inventory. Results: Parent related self-esteem was lower in ADHD children with comorbid internalizing disorders when compared to ADHD children with comorbid externalizing disorders. Higher severity of ADHD and longer duration of ADHD correlated with lower selfesteem, (especially social domain). Conclusions: Comorbidities definitely influence the level of self-esteem in children with ADHD, but other factors also need to be considered for optimal management of low self-esteem.
Which Has Greater Analgesic Effect: Intrathecal Nalbuphine or Intrathecal Tramadol?

Nalbuphine and tramadol administered epidurally has been demonstrated to decrease postoperative analgesic requirements. However, its effect on postoperative analgesia after intrathecal administration has not will be established. In this double-blind, the effect of intrathecal tramadol and nalbuphine administration on pain control after gynecological surgery was studied. Sixty patients undergoing Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor were studied and randomized to receive bupivacaine 0.5% 3 ml intrathecally premixed with either tramadol 50mg [1ml],or nalbuphine 2mg[1ml]. After operation, paracetamol IV (1gm) was administered as needed for analgesia. Postoperative analgesic requirements, visual analogue scale for pain (VAS) and sedation scores, times to first analgesic, haemodynamic parameters and side effects were recorded by a blinded observe. There were no differences between the groups with regard to postoperative requirements in the first 24hours. Also there were no significant differences as regard sensory level, duration of motor block in hours and time to receive first analgesic between the two groups. Sedation scores in tramadol group were significantly higher than nalbuphine group. The homodynamic changes were similar in both groups and the incidence of nausea and vomiting was higher in tramadol group. On conclusion, the intrathecal administration of 50 mg tramadol and intrathecal 2 mg nalbuphine when used with 0.5% bupivacaine had a similar the postoperative analgesia in the patients without producing significant related side effects like nausea, vomiting, pruritus and respiratory depression. [Mostafa Galal Mostafa, Mohamad F. Mohamad and Waleed S.H. Farrag. Which Has Greater Analgesic Effect: Intrathecal Nalbuphine or Intrathecal Tramadol? Journal of American Science 2011;7(7):480-484]. (ISSN: 15451003). http://www.americanscience. org.
Int. J. Biosci

Soil fungi play an important role in biodegradation of industrially polluted soils. In this study, we isolated the native fungal strains in industrial and city soils, assessed their diversity, and compared them with other fungal strains available in NCBI. Molecular identification of isolated strains had been performed by using 18S rRNA genes. Six strains, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Talaromyces funiculosus, A. sublatus, A. nidulans, and A. ustuswere identified by molecular techniques, and phylogenetican alysisshowed their divergent nature as they did not have any close relation to the other worldwide isolates. Possible reason of the genetic diversity lies in the impact of hot climatic conditions prevailing in Saudi Arabia. The concentration of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals was determined to correlate the environment with other biodegradable strains. The native strains of soil fungi mainly depend on the exposure time and organic matter content. It was noted that areas with more plants showed the presence of more and effective fungal strains, and recorded low PAHs. This study, therefore, focused on the use of native strains and their potential for remediation of soils and the homogeneity of fungal strains, which are mainly evident of low organic matter and high salinity in the area. These results lay a strong foundation for providing comprehensive information about bioremediation of PAHcontaminated soils in the future. * Corresponding Author: Abid Hussain  abidhussain530@gmail.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 10, No. 1, p. 391-400, 2017
Case Fatality Rates and Treatment Modalities for Lung Cancer Patients in Nineveh Province

Globally, lung cancer is the dominant cause of cancer death in males and the second prominent cause in females. The aim of this study is to show the case fatality rates and treatment modalities of lung cancer patients in Nineveh province during the period of the study. The sample of the present study included all lung cancer patients registered at the Mosul cancer registry center and the related hospitals of lung cancer in Nineveh during 2010 to 2013 of all ages and both sexes. Chi-square test for independence was used and an a pvalue of ≤ 0.05 was considered to denote statistical significance using Micro Soft Excel 2010. The proportion of patients aged 55-69 years was relatively high. The study revealed that lung cancer is a strong male predominance, which had a high case fatality rate in both sexes, all age groups and stages except local stage. Chemotherapy is the most frequent treatment alone or in combination treatments of lung cancer patients.
Fault Severity based Multi Up-gradation Modeling considering Testing and Operational Profile

For sustaining in the era of globalization, frequent up-gradation in the software is demanded. In order to maintain the competitive edge firms come up with highly reliable versions. For providing high reliability firms have to test software rigorously that requires debugging the software in the testing as well as in the operational phase. Upgrading the software leads to the enlarged complexity in the system which often results in the increase number of faults content. In this paper, a framework for successive releases is modeled which incorporates the fault of the present release and faults from the just previous release informed by the users. The approach provides a more realistic perspective of fault evaluation by taking into consideration both; the faults from the testing of new releases and the reported faults from the operational phase of the preceding releases. We have examined the case when there exists two types of faults in the software; simple and hard faults during testing and operational phase. Further we have compared our proposition with the previous developed models in the field of multi up-gradation.
Prevalence of fluorosis among school children in rural area, District Bhiwani : A case study

A survey was conducted in schools of Juai Kalan village of district Bhiwani to assess the prevalence of fluorosis among school children. A total of 1014 individuals (634 males and 380 females) were examined during 1998-99 session and out of them, 916 children were affected by this dental lesion at various stages. Children in all age groups were affected by dental fluorosis. There was slightly higher percentage of this problem among male children than that of female children.
The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction among Teachers

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among teachers. Dimension of emotional intelligence like emotional self-awareness, emotional expression, using emotions, understanding emotions, emotional self-management, and emotional management of others in relation to job satisfaction. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to test the hypothesis. Findings reported that emotional intelligence has a significant and positive relationship with job satisfaction among teachers. Only emotional selfawareness and emotional management of others influence emotional intelligence on job satisfaction among teachers.