Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of the Plant Medium-chain Acyl-carrier Protein Thioesterase BTE for the Overproduction of the nC14-surfactin Isoform with Promising MEOR Applications

BackgroundSurfactin, a representative biosurfactant of popeptide mainly produced by Bacillus subtilis, consists of a cyclic heptapeptide linked to a β-hydroxy fatty acid chain. The functional activity of surfactin is closely related to the length and isomerism of the fatty acid chain. ResultsIn this study, the plant medium-chain acyl-carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (BTE) from Umbellularia californica was overexpressed in a recombinant surfactin production strain based on B. subtilis 168. As a result, the surfactin yield after 24 h of cultivation improved by 23%, and the production rate increased from 0.112 to 0.177 g/L/h. The isoforms identified by RP-HPLC and GC-MS showed that the proportion of nC14-surfactin increased 6.4 times compared to the control strain. A comparison of further properties revealed that the product with more nC14-surfactin had higher surface activity and better performance in oil-washing. Finally, the product with more nC14-surfactin isoform had a higher hydrocarbon-emulsification index, and it increased the water-wettability of the oil-saturated silicate surface. Conclusion﻿The obtained results provide an original approach to modify the fatty acid chain of surfactin and further demonstrate the importance of the length and isomerism of the β-hydroxy fatty acid chain for the MEOR application of surfactin.
Survey on Rice Blast and Morphological Characterization of Magnaporthe oryzae oryzae

Aims: To survey and study morphological characterization of rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae oryzae (MoO) that has become a major factor limiting rice yield throughout the world. Study Design: Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Place and Duration of Study: Mycology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-eBangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from June 2018 to December 2019. Methodology: A survey was done in three northern districts of Bangladesh namely Gaibandha (Gobindogonj and Mohimagonj), Dinajpur (Birampur) and Bogura (Dupchanchia), disease incidence and severity was recorded and samples were collected. Five different media including Water Agar (WA), Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA), Rice flour Yeast Agar (RfYA) and Oat Meal Agar (OMA) were used to culture MoO. Colony characters like growth character, color, surface structure and shape of 28 MoO isolates were recorded in PDA. Results: Among the three surveyed districts, the highest incidence (84.26%) of blast was recorded from Gobindogonj with a severity score of 7. The highest severity score 9.00 (65%) of blast was recorded in Mohimagonj where blast incidence was only 29.12%. Among the five different growth Original Research Article Nazifa et al.; JAMB, 21(1): 8-21, 2021; Article no.JAMB. 65643 9 media highest mycelia growth was observed in Oat Meal Agar (20 mm) and lowest in Water Agar (10mm) at 7 DAI. Colony color of all the isolates was whitish grey to blackish with sufficient growth and the average colony diameter was 50 mm. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that there is a certain level of morphological diversity such as mycelial growth rate and colony characters like color, surface structure and shape exists among isolates of MoO.
Tissue texture extraction in indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for breast-conserving surgery

A two-camera fluorescence system for indocyanine green (ICG) signal detection has been developed and tested in a clinical feasibility trial of ten patients, with a resolution in the submillimetre scale. Immediately after systemic ICG injection, the two-camera system can detect ICG signals in vivo (∼2.5 mg l−1 or 3.2 × 10−6 M). Qualitative assessment has shown that the fluorescence signal does not always correlate with the cancer location in the surgical scene. Conversely, fluorescence image texture metrics when used with the logistic regression model yields good accuracy scores in detecting cancer. We have demonstrated that intraoperative fluorescence imaging for resection guidance is a feasible solution to tackle the current challenge of positive resection margins in breast conserving surgery.
Adaptive Fuzzy Approximation Control of PV Grid-Connected Inverters

Three-phase inverters are widely used in grid-connected renewable energy systems. This paper presents a new control methodology for grid-connected inverters using an adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) technique. The implementation of the proposed controller does not need prior knowledge of the system mathematical model. The capabilities of the fuzzy system in approximating the nonlinear functions of the grid-connected inverter system are exploited to design the controller. The proposed controller is capable to achieve the control objectives in the presence of both parametric and modelling uncertainties. The control objectives are to regulate the grid power factor and the dc output voltage of the photovoltaic systems. The closed-loop system stability and the updating laws of the controller parameters are determined via Lyapunov analysis. The proposed controller is simulated under different system disturbances, parameters, and modelling uncertainties to validate the effectiveness of the designed controller. For evaluation, the proposed controller is compared with conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller and Takagi–Sugeno–Kang-type probabilistic fuzzy neural network controller (TSKPFNN). The results demonstrated that the proposed AFC showed better performance in terms of response and reduced fluctuations compared to conventional PI controllers and TSKPFNN controllers.
Measuring citizen's satisfaction when using E-Government online public services: Lessons from Vietnam

: This study aims to evaluate the factors affecting the satisfaction of citizen when using online public services through data collected from direct surveys of people. Research results show that Quality of online public services, Citizen's awareness, Privacy and security, Trust and accessibility affect citizen's satisfaction when using online public services. Based on these results, the study also gives some discussion and governance implications for researchers as well as policy-makers in improving citizen's satisfaction as well as attracting more users for online public services in Vietnam context.
Weld Geometry, Mechanical Properties, Microstructure and Chemical Composition of AA6063 in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding with Intermittent Controlled Wire Feeding Method

In this study, AA 6063 aluminum was joined using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding with a butt joint. The ER-5356 filler metal feeding method is used intermittently to find its effect on weld geometry, mechanical properties, microstructure, and chemical composition. The dimensions of the specimens used in this study were 120 mm × 50 mm, with a thickness of 3 mm. The ratio used is the configuration of the feed time and delay time. The length ratio of wire filler is varied from a ratio of 4 to 6. The top bead width and back bead width decreased by 17.66% and 40.33%, respectively. At a ratio of 6, it has the largest cross-sectional area of 295.37 ± 27.60 mm2. The results show that the general tensile strength was proportional to the ratio, but the difference was not significant, only around ±8 MPa. The microstructure formed in each weld has different characteristics; conversely, grains with a relatively coarse structure have decreased hardness values. The chemical composition test shows that the length ratio of filler metal feed directly correlates with magnesium’s average weight content, where the weight content of magnesium value tends to be homogeneous in all areas of weld metal (WM).
Biochar Volatile Matter and Feedstock Effects on Soil Nitrogen Mineralization and Soil Fungal Colonization

Biochar has important biogeochemical functions in soil—first as a means to sequester carbon, and second as a soil conditioner to potentially enhance soil quality and fertility. Volatile matter (VM) content is a property of biochar that describes its degree of thermal alteration, which can have a direct influence on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soil. In this study, we characterized the VM in biochars derived from two locally sourced feedstocks (corncob and kiawe wood) and evaluated the relationship of VM content to nitrogen transformations and culturable fungal biomass. Using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we found that the VM content of biochar primarily consisted of alkyl (5.1–10.1%), oxygen-substituted alkyl (2.2–6.7%), and phenolic carbon (9.4–11.6%). In a series of laboratory incubations, we demonstrated that corncob biochars with high VM (23%) content provide a source of bioavailable carbon that appeared to support enhanced viable, culturable fungi (up to 8 fold increase) and cause nitrogen immobilization in the short-term. Corncob biochar with bioavailable VM was nitrogen-limited, and the addition of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in a four-fold increase in total hydrolytic enzyme activity and the abundance of culturable fungal colonies. In contrast, kiawe biochar with an equivalent VM content differed substantially in its composition and effect on these same biological parameters. Therefore, the rapid measurement of VM content is too coarse to differentiate chemical composition and to predict the behavior of biochars across feedstocks and production methods.
Sharing Lisboa: A Digital Social Market to Promote Sustainable and Energy Efficient Behaviours

Several solutions and city planning policies have emerged to promote climate change and sustainable cities. The Sharing Cities program has the ambition of contributing to climate change mitigation by improving urban mobility, energy efficiency in buildings and reducing carbon emissions by successfully engaging citizens and fostering local-level innovation. A Digital Social Market (DSM), named Sharing Lisboa, was developed in Lisbon, Portugal, supported by an application (APP), enabling the exchange of goods and services bringing citizens together to support a common cause: three schools competing during one academic year (2018/2019) to win a final prize with the engagement of school community and surrounding community. Sharing Lisboa aimed to promote behaviour change and the adoption of energy-saving behaviours such as cycling and walking with the support of local businesses. Participants earned points that reverted to the cause (school) they supported. A total of 1260 users was registered in the APP, collecting more than 850,000 points through approximately 17,000 transactions. This paper explores how the DSM has the potential to become a new city service promoting its sustainable development. Furthermore, it is crucial for this concept to reach economic viability through a business model that is both profitable and useful for the city, businesses and citizens, since investment will be required for infrastructure and management of such a market.
Qualitative experiences of Australian mental health staff with students exposed to domestic violence

The prevalence of domestic violence is concerning due to its debilitating impact on the psychological, social and academic functioning of children. This study explored the experiences, strengths and challenges of school mental health staff in relation to students exposed to domestic violence. Interviews with 10 school wellbeing staff working in Victoria, Australia, showed that these staff felt confronted and distressed, and were unsure of their role in managing the complexities associated with students’ exposure to domestic violence. Staff reported the need for educators, students and parents to be educated on domestic violence, and for improved school structures and policies that encourage staff consultation and self-care following students’ disclosures of domestic violence. The results of this study are discussed within the context of trauma-informed practice and multi-tiered mental health promotion in schools.
Evaluating the Resonance of Official Islam in Oman, Jordan, and Morocco

Acts of political violence carried out by Muslim individuals have generated international support for governments that espouse so-called “moderate Islam” as a means of preventing terrorism. Governments also face domestic skepticism about moderate Islam, especially if the alteration of official Islam is seen as resulting from external pressure. By evaluating the views of individuals that disseminate the state’s preferred interpretation of Islam—members of the religious and educational bureaucracy—this research assesses the variation in the resonance of official Islam in three different Arab monarchies: Oman, Jordan, and Morocco. The evidence suggests that if official Islam is consistent with earlier content and directed internally as well as externally, it is likely to resonate. Resonance was highest in Oman, as religious messaging about toleration was both consistent over time and directed internally, and lowest in Jordan, where the content shifted and foreign content differed from domestic. In Morocco, messages about toleration were relatively consistent, although the state’s emphasis on building a reputation for toleration somewhat undermined its domestic credibility. The findings have implications for understanding states’ ability to shift their populations’ views on religion, as well as providing greater nuance for interpreting the capacity of state-sponsored rhetoric to prevent violence.
Attitudes to sexting amongst post-primary pupils in Northern Ireland: a liberal feminist approach

ABSTRACT This study focuses on sexting amongst young people in Northern Ireland about which there is, as yet, very little qualitative research. To address the gap, and using a liberal philosophical feminist framework, focus group interviews were conducted with seventeen (ten girls and seven boys) 16–17-year-olds to explore their views on sexting. The young people in this study regard sexting as normal behaviour and report that it is more likely to be boys who pressure girls for a picture, a common finding in sexting research. Unlike the literature, however, this study found that girls also instigate sexting and put pressure on boys to send pictures. Despite this finding, there is still an unequal relationship between girls and boys largely because of the objectification of girls (and, rarely, boys).
Anthropometric Profile and Physical Fitness Performance Comparison by Game Position in the Chile Women’s Senior National Football Team

The aim of this study was to explore the anthropometric profile and evaluate physical fitness variables of the members of the Chile women’s national football team based on their playing positions. Fifty football players participated in this study, which was carried out during the period of training for the France 2019 Women’s World Cup and the Japan 2020 Olympic Games. Body composition and physical condition (muscular strength, sprint, agility, and aerobic fitness) were assessed. The goalkeepers showed greater weight (p < 0.001), height (p = 0.002), and %Fat (p = 0.010) compared to the rest of the playing positions. There were also differences between positions in relative strength (RS) (p = 0.001), running speed at 10 and 30 m (T10 and T30, respectively), agility (AGI) (p < 0.001), and yo-yo test (MYYR1) (p < 0.001). RS, T10, T30, and countermovement jump (CMJ) were significantly correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with anthropometric variables (p ≤ 0.05). MYYR1 was also significantly correlated with anthropometric variables (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, goalkeepers show greater weight and height, as well as worse results in MYYR1, AGI, T10, T30, and RS compared to the rest of the players. Forwards present better performance in running speed and agility. Better performance in physical condition is associated with better body composition values (greater muscle mass and lower fat mass). Greater relative strength indicates greater performance in explosive actions. Therefore, to meet the demands of high competition, it is important to establish ideal profiles in anthropometry and physical condition variables based on the playing position.
Are Professional Burnout and Work Engagement Opposing or Independent Constructs?

The aim of the article is to broaden the knowledge about the mutual relationship between work engagement and professional burnout. In the psychological literature, a lively discussion between the position that these are opposite poles of one dimension and the position that both dimensions are independent has not yet been clearly concluded. The article focuses on the analysis of the causes of both phenomena. It was assumed that one-dimensionality means that the same elements of the work situation affect each of the states but in an opposite way. The research was conducted using standardized questionnaires (AWLS, LBQ, and UWES) on a group of 128 teachers from different types of schools. Statistical analyses relying on regression analysis indicated different sources of each phenomenon, which supports the position of independence of both constructs.
Land Use and Climatic Conditions Control
the Soil Organic Carbon’s Distribution in Qufu
and Laixi, North China Plain

Understanding the factors controlling the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is crucial to estimate SOC stocks and explore the optimal soil management for carbon sequestration and migrating climate change. Herein, we quantitively evaluated the influences of land use (farmland and wasteland), soil properties (pH, eight heavy metals, and seven minerals), and climatic conditions (temperature and precipitation) on the spatiotemporal variation of SOC in surface soils (0-20 cm) and soil columns (180 cm) in Qufu and Laixi, North China Plain. SOC concentrations in surface soils and soil columns were 1.84-27.4 and 1.82-9.33 g/kg, respectively. With ca. 64% of SOC stored in 20-180 cm layers and the dramatic increase rate of >70% for SOC in soil columns, SOC in subsoil showed its more considerable significance than that in the surface soil. Land use and climatic conditions contributed avg. 45.6 and 41.5%, respectively, to SOC in surface soils and 54.3 and 26.6%, respectively, in soil columns. Our results suggest the dominant influences of land use and climatic conditions on the SOC distribution and reemphasize the considerable importance of SOC in subsoil because of the high storage and storage potential of SOC in subsoil.
Pattern Formation upon Evaporation of Sessile Droplets of Polyelectrolyte/Surfactant Mixtures on Silicon Wafers

The formation of coffee-ring deposits upon evaporation of sessile droplets containing mixtures of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and two different anionic surfactants were studied. This process is driven by the Marangoni stresses resulting from the formation of surface-active polyelectrolyte–surfactant complexes in solution and the salt arising from the release of counterions. The morphologies of the deposits appear to be dependent on the surfactant concentration, independent of their chemical nature, and consist of a peripheral coffee ring composed of PDADMAC and PDADMAC–surfactant complexes, and a secondary region of dendrite-like structures of pure NaCl at the interior of the residue formed at the end of the evaporation. This is compatible with a hydrodynamic flow associated with the Marangoni stress from the apex of the drop to the three-phase contact line for those cases in which the concentration of the complexes dominates the surface tension, whereas it is reversed when most of the PDADMAC and the complexes have been deposited at the rim and the bulk contains mainly salt.
Prevalence of Midface Fractures-A Retrospective Institution Based study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of midface fractures among different age groups. A retrospective study was conducted among patients who reported with a history of midface fracture to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery during July 2019 March 2020 . All the datas were obtained from the case records of the patient. Road traffic accidents are the most common cause for midface fractures. Individuals greater than 30 years were the ones mostly affected by midface fractures . They accounted to about 52% of the total population in the study. Dentoalveolar fracture is the most common fracture of the midface. A total of 23% of cases were reported to have dentoalveolar fractures. Chi Square test was used to find the association between the age and midface fracture. P value of 0.4 was obtained , which was statistically insignificant. From this small sampled single centre retrospective study it was concluded that midface fractures were mostly contributed by road traffic accidents in middle aged males.
The impact of perceived psychosocial environment and academic emotions on higher education students’ intentions to drop out

ABSTRACT This study examined the impact of psychosocial environment and academic emotions on higher education students’ intentions to leave their studies. The data were derived from a survey among students at study programmes for teacher education, early childhood education, and social science education at one higher education institution in Norway (n = 206). The survey comprised items from the Academic Emotions scale (AEC), the Learning Climate Questionnaire (LCQ) and pre-validated scales for Loneliness and Intentions to Leave. In addition, the survey tested out a series of items based on the Emotional Support domain in the Teaching Through Interactions framework (TTI). The study adds to existing research by operationalizing emotional support in higher education learning environments. The findings showed that test emotions and learning-related emotions, perceived loneliness and instructional engagement were significant to explain variance in students’ intentions to discontinue their studies. ANOVA identified significant between-group differences. Older students (>30 years) reported more positive academic emotions and better relations to their teacher than what younger students did, and female students perceived higher levels of instructional engagement than what male students did. Still, the quality of teacher–student relations had no significant impact on students’ intentions to leave.
Learning through culinary tourism and developing a culinary tourism education strategy

ABSTRACT A majority of leisure travelers (79%) learn about food and drink when they visit a destination (Stone, M. J., Migacz, S., Garibaldi, R., Stein, N., & Wolf, E. (2020a). 2020 State of the Food Travel Industry Report. Portland, OR: World Food Travel Association). In addition, it has been suggested that food tourism supports regional identities while providing insight into a region’s distinct character and culture (Jones, A., & Jenkins, I. (2003). A Taste of Wales–Blas Ar Gymru’: institutional malaise in promoting Welsh food tourism products. In A. -M. Hjalager, & G. Richards (Eds.), Tourism and gastronomy (pp. 129–145). Routledge). Although food tourism has been suggested to contribute to adding value to the travel experience while facilitating cultural sustainability, very little has been written about the development of a multi-stakeholder strategy aimed to increase food knowledge among young residents, which may help to sustain local traditions and provide benefits to tourism providers. Building on stakeholder theory, fifty-five tourism stakeholders from 29 countries provided their expert recommendations for how destinations can get younger residents more interested in food and beverage. These recommendations were coded and classified into five categories, which could be used to develop a food tourism educational strategy: (1) education / formal education; (2) hands-on experiences and activities; (3) create awareness; (4) career, job, or entrepreneurship opportunities; and (5) connections with global or local issues. Expert stakeholders also recommended conducting a comprehensive assessment of local offerings before putting specific, long-term strategies into place.