Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Cost Compact Optical Spectroscopy and Novel Spectroscopic Algorithm for Point-of-Care Real-Time Monitoring of Nanoparticle Delivery in Biological Tissue Models

Objective: Real-time monitoring of nanoparticle delivery in biological models is essential to optimize nanoparticle-mediated therapies. However, few techniques are available for convenient real-time monitoring of nanoparticle concentrations in tissue samples. This work reported novel optical spectroscopic approaches for low-cost point-of-care real-time quantification of nanoparticle concentrations in biological tissue samples. Methods: Fiber probe measured diffuse reflectance can be described with a simple analytical model by introducing an explicit dependence on the reduced scattering coefficient. Relying on this, the changes on the inverse of diffuse reflectance are proportional to absorption change when the scattering perturbation is negligible. We developed this model with proper wavelength pairs and implemented it with both a standard optical spectroscopy platform and a low-cost compact spectroscopy device for near real-time quantification of nanoparticle concentrations in biological tissue models. Results: Both tissue-mimicking phantom and ex vivo tissue sample studies showed that our optical spectroscopic techniques could quantify nanoparticle concentrations in near real-time with high accuracies (less than 5% error) using only a pair of narrow wavelengths (530 nm and 630 nm). Conclusion: Novel low-cost point-of-care optical spectroscopic techniques were demonstrated for rapid accurate quantification of nanoparticle concentrations in tissue-mimicking medium and ex vivo tissue samples using optical signals measured at a pair of narrow wavelengths. Significance: Our methods will potentially facilitate real-time monitoring of nanoparticle delivery in biological models using low-cost point-of-care optical spectroscopy platforms, which will significantly advance nanomedicine in cancer research.
A Cross-Layer Optimization Framework for Index-Coded NOMA in Cache-Aided F-RANs

This paper studies cached-aided multicast transmissions in fronthaul fog radio access networks (F-RANs). While index coding and cached-aided non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are techniques commonly used for utilizing cache contents to save transmit energy, there is a lack of general framework to integrate them. This work proposes index-coded NOMA and dynamic coded-NOMA to investigate energy performance of the integration of index coding and NOMA under whole-file and subfile caching, respectively. Besides, dynamic cache space allocation is applied to both caching schemes, which allocates cache sizes to the fog access points (F-APs) according to their large-scale channel conditions. For index-coded NOMA, the general grouping problem is proved to be NP-hard and optimal solutions for some special cases are given. Furthermore, efficient heuristic grouping algorithms are proposed. For dynamic coded-NOMA, we obtain the closed-form minimum transmit energy. The numerical results validate the good performance of our proposed algorithms. Index-coded NOMA and dynamic coded-NOMA have comparable performance and both of them save much energy than the existing schemes. When there are 12 F-APs under small-cache scenarios, index-coded NOMA saves energy by 70.3% compared to traditional NOMA.
The Mediating Role Of Capital Structure In Corporate Governance On Firm Performance Of Family Companies

This study looks into the relationship of the performance of family businesses in Indonesia and its corporate governance. It also investigates the mediation effect of capital structure on this relationship. Board size, independent commissioner, female director, ownership concentration, managerial ownership, audit committee meetings are used as indicators of GCG measurement. Capital structure is measured by leverage. ROA and Tobin's Q are used as indicators of measurement of firm performance. The panel data approach will be employed, using a sample of 117 companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2016-2020. The result of the study revealed the significant effect of board size, managerial ownership, and ownership concentration on the performance of the family businesses analysed, as measured by ROA. However, the result of the analysis using Tobin’s Q measure shows an insignificant effect. Furthermore, this study found capital structure to have a mediation effect on GCG and performance of a family business, through ownership concentration and managerial ownership. Keywords: capital structure, firm performance, GCG.
Near-infrared absorption fiber-optic sensors for ultra-sensitive CO2 detection

We present a fiber-optic sensor working at near-infrared (NIR) wavelength (~1.57μm) for CO2 detection. In order to increase the NIR absorption, we utilize functional sensor materials metalorganic framework (MOF) on the surface of the core of a multimode-fiber with the cladding layer etched away. The selected functional materials demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity of CO2 and significantly increased the detection sensitivity down to 500 ppm with only 8-centimeter absorption length.
Effect of Multi-Components Strong Motion Duration on Seismic Performance of High CFRDs Based on Fragility Analysis

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the influence of multi-components strong motion duration on seismic performance of high concrete-faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) by fragility analysis based on the method of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). The contributions of all compositions of earthquake excitations are considered by the definition of integrated duration based on the concept of significant duration. The nonlinear finite element model of a 2D 200-m-high CFRD is established as a case study and the vertical and horizontal displacements are selected as damage measures. Fragility curves and probabilities of two sets of 23 and 25 spectrally equivalent as-recorded bi-directional long-duration and short-duration motions are determined under different failure grades and intensities. The results show that the duration of vertical component has a certain effect on correction between strong motion duration and deformation of the dam and fragility analysis indicates that the ground motions with long duration can make more risk of failure of high CFRDs than short duration motions. Therefore, the seismic performance of high CFRDs will be reformed by taking the effect of ground motion duration into seismic design and risk assessment consideration.
Role of oxygen vacancies in HfO2-based gate stack breakdown

We study the influence of multiple oxygen vacancy traps in the percolated dielectric on the postbreakdown random telegraph noise (RTN) digital fluctuations in HfO2-based metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors. Our electrical characterization results indicate that these digital fluctuations are triggered only beyond a certain gate stress voltage. First-principles calculations suggest the oxygen vacancies to be responsible for the formation of a subband in the forbidden band gap region, which affects the triggering voltage (VTRIG) for the RTN fluctuations and leads to a shrinkage of the HfO2 band gap.
Risk factor of amblyopia in children in Madagascar

Purpose: The aims of this study was to determine risk factor of amblyopia in malagasy children. Methods: It was a case-control study doing at Hospital University Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona from 1st september to 01st february 2022. The case were children who had functional amblyopia. The control were children who didn’t have amblyopia and came to the hospital for vision anomaly and had a similar demography specificity like case. The number of controls was twice the number of cases. All children with organic ophthalmic pathologies were excluded. The data was processed by Epi.info 7.0 software. We used Odds Ratio (OR) test to find association between amblyopia and risk factor. Confidence interval (CI) was fixed at 95%. Association was significant for a value of p<0,05. Results: 38 cases was found for 76 controls. A significant association was found for amblyopia and personnal history OR:4.85CI[1.87-12.58]p<0,00 ; familial history OR :4,84CI[2,02-11,59]p<0,00 ; for esotropia OR :6,60CI[2,62-16,56]p<0,00 ; for exotropia OR :3,07CI[1,21-7,75]p<0,01 ; for anisometropia OR :26,90CI[5,73-126.16]p<0,00 ; for hyperopia OR:4,16CI[1,69-10,25]p<0,0 and for astigmatism OR :0,22CI[0,08-0,57]p<0,00. Conclusion: Functional amblyopia was associated in children with personal and family history of strabismus and ametropia. Children with esotropia, exotropia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia was associated with functional amblyopia. A systematic vision field is necessary for patient with risk factor.
Photon '97: Incorporating the Xith International Workshop on Gamma-Gamma Collisions : Egmond Aan Zee, the Netherlands, 10-15 May, 1997

Photon structure, A. Vogt inclusive processes, P. Aurenche exclusive gamma-gamma, S. Brosky diffraction and elastic scattering, T. Sjostrand and M. Arneodo gamma-gamma colliders, V. Telnov and G. Jikia summary talk on theory, J. Forshaw summary talk on experiment, D. Miller.
Accumulating summer loss: an ethnographic look into the summer whereabouts and activities of low-income college students

ABSTRACT Little is known about college students during their summer break between the first and second years of college, when some students may contemplate whether they will return to college. Using ethnographic method, this article addresses critical questions of low-income college students during their summer breaks of where they go, where they stay, and what they do. Especially for the most vulnerable populations, unstable summer experiences have the potential to debilitate academic progress. Based on the literature of summer learning loss described as a concept when particularly low-income primary students experience a loss in core academic content, this study addresses its effects on college students. A setback or stagnant summer experience for low-income students during their first summer break from college could have the effect of accumulating academic and social loss with each passing year. Understanding what occurs outside of school sessions may help universities better prepare to support their students.
Spatial Variation in Catchment Response to Climate Change Depends on Lateral Moisture Transport and Nutrient Dynamics

Future shifts in rainfall, temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) will impact hydrologic and ecosystem behavior. These changes are expected to vary in space because water and nutrient availability vary with terrain and soil properties, with feedbacks on vegetation and canopy adjustment. However, within‐basin patterns and spatial dependencies of ecohydrologic dynamics have often been ignored in future scenario modeling. We used a distributed process‐based ecohydrologic model, the Regional Hydro‐Ecological Simulation System, as a virtual catchment to examine spatial and temporal variability in climate change response. We found spatial heterogeneity in Leaf Area Index, transpiration and soil saturation trends, with some scenarios even showing opposite trends in different locations. For example, in a drying scenario, decreased vegetation productivity in water‐limited upslope areas enhanced downslope nutrient subsidies so that productivity increased in the nutrient‐limited riparian zone. In scenarios with both warming and rising CO2, amplifying feedbacks between mineralization, vegetation water use efficiency and litter fall led to large increases in growth that were often strongest in the riparian area (depending on the coincident rainfall change). Modeled transpiration trends were determined by the competing effects of vegetation growth and changing water use efficiency. Overall, the riparian zone experienced substantially different (and even opposing) ecohydrologic trends compared to the rest of the catchment, which is important because productive riparian areas often contribute a disproportionate amount of vegetation growth, transpiration and nutrient consumption to catchment totals. Models that are spatially lumped, lack key ecosystem‐driving dynamics, or ignore lateral transport could misrepresent the complex ecohydrologic changes catchments could experience in the future.
Singularity categories of skewed-gentle algebras

Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field. Let $(Q,Sp,I)$ be a skewed-gentle triple, $(Q^{sg},I^{sg})$ and $(Q^g,I^{g})$ be its corresponding skewed-gentle pair and associated gentle pair respectively. It proves that the skewed-gentle algebra $KQ^{sg}/ $ is singularity equivalent to $KQ/ $. Moreover, we use $(Q,Sp,I)$ to describe the singularity category of $KQ^g/ $. As a corollary, we get that $\mathrm{gldim} KQ^{sg}/ <\infty$.
Enzymatic Activities of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis) Grown Soil with the Amendment of Sandwich Compost

Soil enzymes ensure our food security, yet they are vulnerable to abiotic stresses. Solving the global issues of food waste by amending the Sandwich compost can be a great solution to ensure food security. Food waste Sandwich compost substrate (as soil amendment) and leachate (as seed priming solution and liquid fertilizer) were used to grow Bok Choy for 4 growing cycles, where soil pH, cation exchangeable capacity, moisture content, aggregate stability, and enzyme activity were determined. The Sandwich compost substrate amendment increased soil pH close to neutral and CEC up to 1.5-fold. Anaerobic Sandwich compost substrate-amended soil reduced soil catalase activity. Still, it steadily increased during the growing cycle. The Sandwich compost substrate amendment soil sustained the aggregate stability for 4 growing cycles. On the flip side, aggregate stability without the Sandwich compost substrate amended soil declined from the growing cycle to the next growing cycle. All variables were positively correlated except catalase activity. Henceforward, Sandwich compost substrate is recommended to improve soil quality in the aspects of pH, CEC urease activity, and dehydrogenase activity.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ischemic Stroke Patients in a Comprehensive Hospital

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the impact of characteristic ischemic stroke and outcomes during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Patients and Methods A retrospective, observational cohort study of a comprehensive tertiary stroke center was conducted. Patients with ischemic stroke were divided into pre-COVID-19 lockdown (11/1/2019 to 1/30/2020) and COVID-19 lockdown (1/31/2020 to 4/30/2020) period groups. Patient data on stroke admission, thrombolysis, endovascular treatment, and 3-month routine follow-up were recorded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS according to values following a Gaussian distribution. Results The pre-COVID-19 lockdown period group comprised 230 patients compared to 215 patients in the COVID-19 lockdown period group. Atrial fibrillation was more predominant in the COVID-19 lockdown period group (11.68% vs 5.65%, p=0.02) alongside patients who were currently smoking (38.8% vs 28.7%, p=0.02) and drinking alcohol (30.37% vs 20.00%, p=0.012) compared with that of the pre-COVID-19 lockdown period group. For patients receiving thrombolysis, the median door-to-CT time was longer in the COVID-19 lockdown period group (17.0 min (13.0, 24.0) vs 12.0 min (8.0, 17.3), p=0.012), median door to needle time was 48.0 minutes (35.5, 73.0) vs 43.5 minutes (38.0, 53.3), p=0.50, compared with that of the pre-COVID-19 lockdown period group. There were no differences for patients receiving mechanical thrombectomy. The median length of hospitalization (IQR) was no different. Discharge mRS scores (IQR) were higher in the COVID-19 lockdown period group (1.0 (1.0, 3.0) vs 1.0 (1.0, 2.0), p=0.022). Compared with the pre-COVID-19 lockdown period, hospitalization cost (Chinese Yuan) in the COVID-19 period group was higher (13,445.7 (11,009.7, 20,030.5) vs 10,799.2 (8692.4, 16,381.7), p=0.000). There was no difference observed in 3-month mRS scores. Conclusion Patients presenting with ischemic stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period had longer median door-to-CT time and higher hospitalization costs. There were no significant differences in 3-month outcomes. Multidisciplinary collaboration and continuous workflow optimization may maintain stroke care during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.
Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports Scoring Variables and Judge Bias in United States Dressage Competitions

Dressage is an Olympic equestrian discipline with rules governed by The Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI). After questions arose regarding dressage scoring during the 2008 Olympics, the FEI undertook studies of dressage scoring at international equestrian competitions in Europe. These studies included investigations of scoring scales and judging bias. Based on those results, the FEI recommended the use of statistics to improve the consistency of judge training in dressage competition. The authors performed a statistical analysis of dressage scores earned by riders in the United States. This work demonstrates the lack of consistency in judging in the United States. This is the first published study that looks at U.S. dressage results. It includes a very large data set considered representative of the population of riders in the U.S. Dressage is a subjectively judged sport. The final score, not the class placing, is of greatest importance when assessing rider results. The authors show how mainstream statistical tools can identify factors impacting the final dressage score. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to demonstrate the existence of key variables which impact scores. The analysis shows there are variations in scoring patterns by horse breed, as well as the existence of high-scoring and low-scoring judges. Finally, the analysis shows that there are increased standard deviations at the "extremes" of the judging scale. This would indicate there is variability in interpretation of scoring at the upper and lower ends of the scoring scale. Analysis of Means (ANOM) identified five judges whose scores were statistically different than the grand average scores.
Geometric classification of unital graph C*-algebras of real rank zero

We generalize the classification result of Restorff on Cuntz-Krieger algebras to cover all unital graph C*-algebras with real rank zero, showing that Morita equivalence in this case is determined by ordered, filtered K-theory as conjectured by three of the authors. The classification result is geometric in the sense that it establishes that any Morita equivalence between C*(E) and C*(F) in this class can be realized by a sequence of moves leading from E to F in a way resembling the role of Reidemeister moves on knots. As a key technical step, we prove that the so-called Cuntz splice leaves unital graph C*-algebras invariant up to Morita equivalence. We note that we have recently found a way to generalize the results of the present paper to cover general unital graph C*-algebras. The improved methods needed render some parts of the present paper obsolete, and hence we do not intend to publish it. Instead, we will present a complete solution (drawing heavily on many of the methods presented here) in a forthcoming paper.
Spatial analysis on the impact of Islamic regional financial depth on income inequality in Indonesia

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the effect of financial depth in Islamic banks on income inequality in 33 provinces in Indonesia. Methodology – We use data for the period 2010-2018 from 33 provinces in Indonesia which are estimated using panel data to develop spatial panel data model. The dependent variable is income inequality, while the variable independent are Islamic regional financial depth, economic growth, human capital, and government expenditure.Findings – This research finds that Islamic Regional Financial Depth (FDS) has a positive and statistically significant direct effect on income inequality represented by Gini index. It means that an increase in the FDS will also cause an increase in the level of Gini index. In addition, the indirect effect of FDS on income inequality is also positive and significant, indicating that the ratio of financing to GRDP has a spillover effect on connected regions. Implications – This research recommends policymaker to expand the business of Islamic banking by financing the small medium enterprises and concern on the promotion of Islamic banking in the regional level. Originality – This study is potentially to contribute and be the early work which employs spatial analysis in the area of Islamic economics and finance. In addition, this study examines the impact of financial depth in Islamic bank on income inequality which is rarely discussed. Hence, this study presents relatively new information for policy makers, practitioners and researchers.
The Effect of Profitability, Liquidity, and Solvency on Financial Distress of Textile and Garment Companies in Indonesia

Indonesia's manufacturing GDP growth experienced a downward trend from 2015-2020. All manufacturing companies experienced a decline, including textile and garment sub-sector companies. There are 4 textile and garment sub-sector companies that have suffered consecutive losses and high raw material costs caused indications of financial distress in textile and garment sub-sector companies. This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, and solvency on financial distress in textile and garment sub-sector companies for the period 2015-2020. Profitability is measured by Return On Asset (ROA), liquidity is measured by Current Asset (CR), solvency is measured by Debt to Asset (DAR), and financial distress is measured by Altman Z-score. This study sample used 15 textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data analysis method using Pooled Least Square. The results showed that profitability and liquidity had a positive and significant effect on financial distress. Solvency has a negative and significant effect on financial distress.