Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score for Prediction of Microvascular Flap Complications in Reconstructive Surgery

Microvascular flap surgery is a widely acknowledged procedure for significant defect reconstruction. Multiple flap complication risk factors have been identified, yet there are limited data on laboratory biomarkers for the prediction of flap loss. The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score has demonstrated good postoperative outcome assessment ability in diverse surgical populations. We aim to assess the predictive value of the CONUT score for complications in microvascular flap surgery. This prospective cohort study includes 72 adult patients undergoing elective microvascular flap surgery. Preoperative blood draws for analysis of full blood count, total plasma cholesterol, and albumin concentrations were collected on the day of surgery before crystalloid infusion. Postoperative data on flap complications and duration of hospitalization were obtained. The overall complication rate was 15.2%. True flap loss with vascular compromise occurred in 5.6%. No differences in flap complications were found between different areas of reconstruction, anatomical flap types, or indications for surgery. Obesity was more common in patients with flap complications (p = 0.01). The CONUT score had an AUC of 0.813 (0.659–0.967, p = 0.012) for predicting complications other than true flap loss due to vascular compromise. A CONUT score > 2 was indicated as optimal during cut-off analysis (p = 0.022). Patients with flap complications had a longer duration of hospitalization (13.55, 10.99–16.11 vs. 25.38, 14.82–35.93; p = 0.004). Our findings indicate that the CONUT score has considerable predictive value in microvascular flap surgery.
Benefits of Increased Railway Safety and Reliability and their Evaluation

The paper focuses on the presentation of key results of the project of applied research oriented on evaluation of the increased safety and reliability of the railway network due to the implementation of relevant railway network projects and their projection into the investment project socio-economic evaluation using Cost-Benefit Analysis. The subject research described in the article is the design and verification of the functionality of the methodological procedure for the evaluation of these benefits for their further use in the assessment of public projects on railways. The methodological part summarizes the basic outputs of the previous research. These outputs were subsequently applied at the formulation of basic rules for the assessment of benefits connected with increased railway reliability and safety, which were later processed into the form of simplified methodological procedure. The simplified approach uses average data on the occurrence impact for the entire railway network, broken down into line and station sections. The functionality of individual approaches was checked on case studies of actually implemented projects.
Impact of subsampling and tree depth on random forests

Random forests are ensemble learning methods introduced by Breiman [Mach. Learn. 45 (2001) 5–32] that operate by averaging several decision trees built on a randomly selected subspace of the data set. Despite their widespread use in practice, the respective roles of the different mechanisms at work in Breiman’s forests are not yet fully understood, neither is the tuning of the corresponding parameters. In this paper, we study the influence of two parameters, namely the subsampling rate and the tree depth, on Breiman’s forests performance. More precisely, we prove that quantile forests (a specific type of random forests) based on subsampling and quantile forests whose tree construction is terminated early have similar performances, as long as their respective parameters (subsampling rate and tree depth) are well chosen. Moreover, experiments show that a proper tuning of these parameters leads in most cases to an improvement of Breiman’s original forests in terms of mean squared error.
Differentiation of bladder cancer stages using the vesical imaging -reporting and data system and apparent diffusion coefficient

Background T stage is closely related to the treatment and prognosis of patients with bladder cancer (BC). However, preoperative T staging is still challenging. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) may be valuable. This study was performed to explore the value of the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) and the volumetric apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram parameters in detecting T2 stage and below stage (≤T2 stage) from T3 stage and above stage (≥T3 stage) BCs. Methods The study included 62 patients (mean age, males vs. females: 62.1±10.9 vs. 61.8±11.7 years) with BC pathologically confirmed by partial or radical cystectomy. All of the tumors were scored normatively by two radiologists using the VI-RADS scoring system by two radiologists. The volumetric ADC histogram of each lesion was obtained from the ADC maps. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to examine the relevance between VI-RADS scores and T stages. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the histogram parameters between ≤T2 stage and ≥T3 stage BCs. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive power of each model. Results The minimum ADC; mean ADC; median ADC; maximum ADC; and 10th, 25th, 75th, and 90th percentile ADC of ≤T2 stage BCs were significantly higher than those of ≥T3 stage BCs, while skewness and kurtosis had opposite results. VI-RADS achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.834 among all parameters. The combination of VI-RADS, skewness and kurtosis yield a significantly higher AUC than VI-RADS alone (0.915 vs. 0.834, P=0.0478). Conclusions VI-RADS and volume ADC histogram analysis can effectively discriminate between ≤T2 stage and ≥T3 stage BCs, and the volumetric ADC histogram can provide further information to supplement VI-RADS.
COMPUTATION OF UNSTEADY MHD MIXED CONVECTIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN DISSIPATIVE REACTIVE MICROPOLAR FLOW CONSIDERING SORTE AND DUFOUR EFFECTS

In the current paper, a finite element computational solution is conducted for MHD double diffusive flow characterizing dissipative micropolar mixed convective heat and mass transfer adjacent to a vertical porous plate embedded in a saturated porous medium. The micropolar fluid is also chemically reacting, both Soret and Dufour effects and also heat absorption included. The governing partial differential equations for momentum, heat, angular momentum and species conservation are transformed into dimensionless form under the assumption of low Reynolds number with appropriate dimensionless quantities. The emerging boundary value problem is then solved numerically with an efficient computational finite element method employing the weighted residual approach. The influence of various emerging physical parameters like thermal Grashof number, solutal Grashof number, Magnetic body force parameter, permeability parameter, radiation parameter, heat absorption parameter, Eckert number, Schmidt number, Soret and Dufour effects and first order chemical reaction parameter are examined, we observed that the microrotation velocity profiles do not show uniform variations with Eringen vortex viscosity parameter and graphical results visualize the velocity of a Newtonian fluid is lower as compared with a micropolar fluid one. Furthermore, finite element code is benchmarked with the results reported in the literature to check the validity and accuracy under some limiting cases and excellent agreement is seen with published solutions. Finally, results of skin friction coefficient, couple stress coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number for invoked parameter are tabulated which shows that Sherwood number is enhances with increasing Soret number and homogeneous chemical reaction. Nusselt number is increased with an increase of Eckert number and Dufour number.
The 12C/13C Ratio in Sgr B2(N): Constraints for Galactic Chemical Evolution and Isotopic Chemistry

A study has been conducted of 12C/13C ratios in five complex molecules in the Galactic center. H2CS, CH3CCH, NH2CHO, CH2CHCN, and CH3CH2CN and their 13C-substituted species have been observed in numerous transitions at 1, 2, and 3 mm, acquired in a spectral-line survey of Sgr B2(N), conducted with the telescopes of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). Between 22 and 54 individual, unblended lines for the 12C species and 2–54 for 13C-substituted analogs were modeled in a global radiative transfer analysis. All five molecules were found to consistently exhibit two velocity components near VLSR ∼ 64 and 73 km s−1, with column densities ranging from Ntot ∼ 3 × 1014 − 4 × 1017 cm−2 and ∼2 × 1013 − 1 × 1017 cm−2 for the 12C and 13C species, respectively. Based on 14 different isotopic combinations, ratios were obtained in the range 12C/13C = 15 ± 5 to 33 ± 13, with an average value of 24 ± 7, based on comparison of column densities. These measurements better anchor the 12C/13C ratio at the Galactic center, and suggest a slightly revised isotope gradient of 12C/13C = 5.21(0.52) DGC + 22.6(3.3). As indicated by the column densities, no preferential 13C enrichment was found on the differing carbon sites of CH3CCH, CH2CHCN, and CH3CH2CN. Because of the elevated temperatures in Sgr B2(N), 13C isotopic substitution is effectively “scrambled,” diminishing chemical fractionation effects. The resulting ratios thus reflect stellar nucleosynthesis and Galactic chemical evolution, as is likely the case for most warm clouds.
A Unified Procedure for Earth Pressure Calculations

SYNOPSIS: A unified procedure for calculating active and passive earth pressures on retaining structures for static and seismic (pseudostatic) loading conditions is presented. The procedure is based on the limit equilibrium method, uses the method of slices, and satisfies complete statics. Necessary equations for a typical slice are presented and a solution scheme for solving them is discussed. A sample problem is included to indicate convenience of use of the proposed procedure and accuracy of results obtained. The results are in terms of magnitude, direction, and location of lateral thrust on the wall; however, distribution of earth pressure along the wall height is not obtained and the direction of lateral thrust is user specified.
Updates from Our Institutional Experience with Thyroid Nodules Diagnosed as Metastases

Background: Thyroid metastases (TMs) are a rare entity, ranging between 0 and 24% in the autopsy series. In the assessment of the best management, the discrimination between a primary and a metastatic thyroid lesion is crucial. In this regard, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is likely to play a crucial role especially when ancillary techniques (i.e., immunocytochemistry (ICC) and molecular testing) are carried out. Methods: We searched for all the TMs diagnosed using FNAC and analyzed between 2014 and 2023. The cases were processed with liquid-based (LBC) and ICC and molecular testing performed on LBC-stored material. Results: We reported 2.2% (19 cases) of TMs out of 1022 malignancies. TMs included: 1 larynx carcinoma (LX-Ca), 1 melanoma, 2 breast carcinomas (B-Ca), 3 lung carcinomas (LG-Ca), 4 gastro-intestinal carcinomas (GI-Ca), and 8 clear cell renal carcinomas (CCRC). All patients had a previous cancer history, between 300 and 2 months from the primary cancers. The morphological features were supported by ICC, which were contributive in 100% of cases. All TMs cases were characterized by multiple thyroid nodules except the melanoma case. Four cases underwent total thyroidectomy (1 B, 1 LX, 1 melanoma, and 1 CCRC) whilst 15 TMs were treated with radio-chemotherapy. Conclusions: FNAC empowered the diagnostic workup of patients with TMs avoiding useless surgery. The low sensitivity of cytology might be reinforced by the application of ancillary techniques. We found a predominant rate of kidney metastatic carcinomas, followed by lung and breast. TMs are frequently multifocal and in a context of a systemic disease so a tailored therapy seems to be the best treatment.
ROLE OF MEDIA IN CREATING AWARENESS ABOUT INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF TELEVISION HIV/AIDS COMMERCIALS AND MESSAGES

Media plays a role of significant ally in any state of public health by disseminatingtimely and important information regarding deadly diseases. Due to the growth of private televisionand FM radio channels in Pakistan, such issues, which were considered taboo subjects are now gettingattention. This research explored the role of Pakistani television channels in creating HIV/AIDSawareness. The study was carried out through interview and survey methods. Primarily relatedmessages were reviewed for questionnaire design and data was collected to investigate the role ofmedia in HIV/AIDS awareness. Random sampling technique was used to collect the data fromindividuals (both males and females) aged 16-40 years from Lahore. The results showed gender wiseinsignificant association between television messages and awareness about HIV and AIDS. Howeverthe findings of the study revealed that despite accessibility; television messages were ineffective increating awareness and eliminating misconceptions about this deadly disease. On the basis of theresults, recommendations were also made for the health policy makers and media organizations inPakistan.
Growth of p-adic entire functions and applications

Let IK be an algebraically closed p-adic complete field of characteristic zero. We define the order of growth ρ(f) and the type of growth σ(f) of an entire function f (x) = ∞ n=0 anx n on IK as done on l C and show that ρ(f) and σ(f) satisfy the same relations as in complex analysis, with regards to the coefficients an. But here another expression ψ(f) that we call cotype of f , depending on the number of zeros inside disks is very important and we show under certain wide hypothesis, that ψ(f) = ρ(f)σ(f), a formula that has no equivalent in complex analysis and suggests that it might hold in the general case. We check that ρ(f) = ρ(f), σ(f) = σ(f) and present an asymptotic relation linking the numbers of zeros inside disks for two functions of same order. That applies to a function and its derivative. We show that the derivative of a transcendental entire function f has infinitely many zeros that are not zeros of f and particularly we show that f cannot divide f when the p-adic absolute value of the number of zeros of f inside disks satisfies certain inequality and particularly when f is of finite order.
On sub-polynomial lower error bounds for quadrature of SDEs with bounded smooth coefficients

ABSTRACT In recent work of Hairer, Hutzenthaler and Jentzen, [11], a stochastic differential equation (SDE) with infinitely differentiable andbounded coefficients was constructed such that the Monte Carlo Euler method for approximation of the expected value of the first component of the solution at the final time converges but fails to achieve a mean square error of a polynomial rate. In this article, we show that this type of bad performance for quadrature of SDEs with infinitely differentiable and bounded coefficients is not a shortcoming of the Euler scheme in particular but can be observed in a worst case sense for every approximation method that is based on finitely many function values of the coefficients of the SDE. Even worse we show that for any sequence of Monte Carlo methods based on finitely many sequential evaluations of the coefficients and all their partial derivatives and for every arbitrarily slow convergence speed there exists a sequence of SDEs with infinitely differentiable and bounded by one coefficients such that the first-order derivatives of all diffusion coefficients are bounded by one as well and the first order derivatives of all drift coefficients are uniformly dominated by a single real-valued function and such that the corresponding sequence of mean absolute errors for approximation of the expected value of the first component of the solution at the final time can not converge to zero faster than the given speed.
Rubber adhesion below the glass transition temperature: Role of frozen-in elastic deformation

We have studied how the adhesion between rubber and a flat countersurface depends on temperature. When the two solids are separated at room temperature negligible adhesion is detected, which is due to the elastic deformation energy stored in the rubber, which is given back during pull-off and help to break the adhesive bonds. When the system is cooled down below the glass transition temperature, the elastic deformation imposed on the system at room temperature is “frozen-in” and the stored-up elastic energy is not given back during separation at the low temperature. This results in a huge increase in the pull-off force. This study is crucial for many applications involving rubber at low temperatures, e.g., rubber seals for cryogenic or space applications.
The impact of the components of planned behavior on entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Puebla, Mexico

The objective of this paper is to obtain the impact of the components of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on the entrepreneurial intention of university students. Using a sample of 336 students from a Technological University in the State of Puebla, México, we calculate four components of Planned Behavior that measure Attitude (AT), Subjective and Social Norms (SSN), Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), and Attraction to Entrepreneurship (AE). We apply four methodologies to obtain the impact of the treatment of obtaining high scores in the TPB on entrepreneurial intention, using as identification assumption that individuals cannot control the intensity of the score they achieve. Our results show that the PBC is the most important element of TPB in predicting entrepreneurship intentions. The main limitation is that our results apply only for university students in Puebla, Mexico. Our main contribution is the obtention of TPB’s causal impact.
Analysis of some Demographic and Psy-chosocial Factors that Inﬂuence in the Perception of the Workplace Violence

Abstract. Objective. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of psychosocial risks based on the demographic variables of sex, age, and seniority, on the perception of workplace violence in a group of workers from Spanish companies. Methods. a total of 22 Spanish companies were analysed between 2016 and 2018 with a total sample of 26741 people using the FPSICO 3.1 psychosocial assessment method and divided into demographic groups of sex, age, and seniority for subsequent comparison of means and regression analysis. Results. The results conﬁrm the relationship between psychosocial risks and the perception of workplace violence. The analyses by demographic variables position the group of men as the group with the highest perception of workplace violence, except for discrimination, where it was higher in the group of women. The results conﬁrm that the perception of workplace violence increases signiﬁcantly with age and seniority in the company. Conclusions. workplace violence is one of the most worrying risk factors today and it is necessary to better understand what risk factors can favour its appearance or its diﬀerentiated behaviour according to sex, age, or seniority. This can allow us to develop planned strategies to control this risk and focus on speciﬁc demographic groups.
Pengurangan Dosis Pupuk pada Produksi Sawi Hijau Organik dengan Pergiliran Tanaman Jagung dan Kedelai

The application of organic fertilizer and crop rotation are combination of cultivation system integrally to preserve land fertility. This study aimed to determine the effect of crop residues produced in the first season to reduce organic fertilizer rate for mustard greens cultivation in the second season. The experiment was conducted at IPB organic farm, Cikarawang, Darmaga in April until June 2015. The first season was the first experiment conducted separately for soybean and corn to study different manure types for both crops which the rate of each manure was 20 ton ha-1 for soybean and 25 ton ha-1 for corn. Soybean and corn residues were used in the following season on mustard green cultivation. The experimental design was split plot design with crop residues as main plot, and combination of manure types (chicken, cow, goat) and rates (0, 10 ton ha-1) as sub plot. Data were analyzed using variance. Means were statistically compared with Tukey test at α < 0.05 level. The results showed that the soybean and corn residues can be used as nutrient sources for mustard greens cultivation. The application of manure was not necessary for mustard greens cultivation if soybean or corn residues were added in the second season and there was residues from manure in the first season. Keywords: chicken manure, cow manure, crop residue, goat manure
Linear electrostatic gyrokinetics for electron–positron plasmas

Gyrokinetic stability of plasmas in different magnetic geometries is studied numerically using the GENE code. We examine the stability of plasmas, varying the mass ratio between the positive and negative charge carriers, from conventional hydrogen plasmas through to electron–positron plasmas. Stability is studied for prescribed temperature and density gradients in different magnetic geometries: (i) An axisymmetric, circular flux surface, low $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$ (tokamak) configuration. (ii) A non-axisymmetric quasi-isodynamic (optimised stellarator) configuration using the geometry of the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X. We also present the analytic theory of trapped particle modes in electron–positron plasmas. We found similar behaviour of the growth rate and real frequency compared to previous studies on the tokamak case. We are able to identify two distinct regimes dominated by modes propagating in the electron diamagnetic direction and modes propagating in the ion/positron diamagnetic direction, depending on the mass ratio. In both the tokamak and the stellarator case we observe that the real frequency tends to zero as the mass ratio approaches unity and are able to explain this using gyrokinetic theory.
A randomized controlled trial of group CBT with positive psychotherapy intervention for university students with maladaptive perfectionism in China

Objective The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial was to find a more economical and feasible intervention for maladaptive perfectionism, which is a risk and maintenance mechanism for various psychopathologies. Methods In total, 64 university students who met the total inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either group CBT with positive psychotherapy intervention or a 16-week waitlist (WL). The intervention group received 2 h of therapy for eight weekly sessions. Measurements of maladaptive perfectionism and the symptoms of depression and anxiety were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale between the intervention group and the waitlist group at baseline (all p > 0.05). The intervention group had a significant main effect of time and a time × group interaction effect of the maladaptive aspects of perfectionism, Concern over Mistakes and Doubts about Actions, and depression and anxiety scores in comparison with the waitlist group at the post-intervention and 8-week follow-up and had no statistically significant effects on the scores for Personal Standards, Parental Expectation, and Parental Criticism. The analysis showed that group intervention reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety while reducing maladaptive aspects of perfectionism. Conclusion This study added to the literature on CBT interventions for maladaptive perfectionism and indicated that group CBT with positive psychotherapy intervention had substantial long-term effects on the maladaptive perfectionism of university students in China. Moreover, the results indicated that the intervention increased participants’ self-acceptance.