Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stimulus Specific Response on Mechanical Properties of Isolated Visceral Muscle Tissues of a Reptile, Uromastix hardwickii

Arifa Savanur1,*, Tallat Naz1,2, Tayyaba Hamid1,3, Syed Abid Ali4, Mian Jahangir1,3 and Muhammad Abdul Azeem4 1Neuromuscular Research Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 2Department of Physiology, Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 3Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 4H.E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 4Department of Physiology, United Medical and Dental College, Ibrahim Hyedri Korangi, Karachi Article Information Received 19 February 2019 Revised 11 April 2019 Accepted 25 May 2019 Available online 29 November 2019
Neutrino Splitting and Density-Dependent Dispersion Relations

We show that particles are unstable with respect to a splitting process, which is the quantum analog of the modulational instability in anomalous dispersive media, only when their group velocity exceeds their phase velocity. In the case of a neutrino, when the concavity results from a term , the neutrino will decay to two neutrinos and an antineutrino after traveling a distance proportional to . Unlike the Cohen-Glashow instability, the splitting instability exists even if all particles involved in the interaction have the same dispersion relations at the relevant energy scales. We show that this instability leads to strong constraints even if the energy is a function of both the momentum and also of the background density ; for example, we show that it alone would have been sufficient to eliminate any model of the MINOS/OPERA velocity anomaly which modifies the neutrino dispersion relation while leaving those of other particles intact.
Physicians’ perceptions on clinical pharmacy services : A qualitative study

Background: Clinical pharmacy has the potential to improve patient outcomes and protect patients from negative consequences resulting from treatment with interacting or inappropriate drug therapies. Given the role of physicians in the provision of health care, we need to understand physicians’ perspectives on clinical pharmacy services. The aim of this study was to explore physicians’ perceptions regarding clinical pharmacy services performed at hospitals in Västerbotten County Council. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of nine physicians who had previously worked with pharmacists in three different wards in Northern Sweden. Data were analyzed using a constant comparison method. Results: Different themes emerged regarding physicians views of pharmacist’s services. Pharmacy service was valued and described in a positive way by all participants. Pharmacy service was seen as an opportunity for the physician to learn more about pharmacological treatment and also an opportunity to discuss patient medication treatment in detail. Physicians considered that pharmacy services can improve patient outcomes (reduced risk for side-effects, reduced risk for interactions, better health, reduced risk for preventable hospitalization and hospital re-admissions), but some noted there is no scientific evidence to the long term benefits of clinical pharmacy services. Especially as it is unclear to them what happens once the patient is discharged. All physicians knew that the pharmacists’ role is to conduct medication reviews, but most of them can only describe a few things of what this service encompasses. Conclusion: The findings show that all of the participants were positive about the clinical pharmacy service and the collaboration with the pharmacist. Pharmacists were seen by the participants as “drug experts” and their recommendations are perceived as clinically relevant. All of them wanted to continue working with a clinical pharmacist. The findings are therefore important for the growth and expansion of clinical pharmacy services, particularly in Northern Sweden. To our knowledge this is the first study in the north of Sweden that explores physicians’ views of clinical pharmacy services.
Dynamic interactions between health and employment statuses : a non- parametric analysis

Despite numerous sociological results, there is few econometric evidence on the causal links between health condition and job status. It is important to investigate the stability of these causal links during one’s professional life. Papers that treat causal links between health and job statuses, make the assumption that causal links are identical over time. This could lead to a weak assessment of the causal effects. In this paper, we use a non-parametric approach, the Kullback causality measure, to test for causal links among time periods as well as global causal links. Our approach is more robust than the ones available and allows the determination of the effects of individual characteristics on causal links. We find significant reciprocal causal links between health condition (regardless of disease severity) and job status. However, job status does not cause both illness with large disability index and illness with large risk of death. These findings confirm evidence from the literature. However, analyzing the dynamic of the evolution of causal links between job status health condition regardless of severity allows us to conclude that job status only causes health between the 11th and the 17th year of professional life while only at the same period, health condition does not cause job status.
Experimental Data of a Floating Cylinder in a Wave Tank: Comparison Solid and Water Ballast

The experimental set-up allows for the comparison of two different ballast options of a floating cylinder in a wave tank. Four different internal water drafts are tested as well as an equivalent solid ballast option. The model is excited by regular waves, which are characterised with five wave gauges in front of the floating cylinder and two behind. Additionally, the time series of the six-degree freedom response of the floating structure is made available. Regular waves with an initial amplitude of 0.05 m and frequencies over the range 0.3 to 1.1 Hz are investigated. This results in a wide range of different responses of the floating structure as well as very big rotations of up to 20 degrees. This dataset allows for identification of the influence caused by the sloshing of the interior water volume and can be used to validate numerical models of fluid–structure–fluid interaction.
Influence of process parameters on the extraction of capsaicinoids from various Capsicum species cultivated in Romania

The chili pepper is a very important plant used worldwide as a vegetable, a spice, and an external medicine. Pepper fruits are important sources of vitamins C and E, provitamin A, capsaicinoids and carotenoids. Capsaicin is one of the five chemical compounds forming the class of capsaicinoids (capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin and homocapsaicin) and the predominant compound in peppers. The extraction of the oleoresin from the fruit of hot pepper can be made using organic solvents but the yield varies with peppers variety and the conditions of extraction processing. In this work, three different varieties of Capsicum sp. have been characterized by their capsaicinoids content. Capsaicinoids were identified in all extracts with a concentration ranging from 0.6 to 0.8% (dry weight) and the best results were obtained with 96% ethanol as solvent.
Oral Microbiota Composition and Antimicrobial Antibody Response in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common disease of the oral mucosa, and it has been recently associated with bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. To study this link further, we investigated microbial shifts during RAS manifestation at an ulcer site, in its surroundings, and at an unaffected site, compared with healed mucosa in RAS patients and healthy controls. We sampled microbes from five distinct sites in the oral cavity. The one site with the most pronounced differences in microbial alpha and beta diversity between RAS patients and healthy controls was the lower labial mucosa. Detailed analysis of this particular oral site revealed strict association of the genus Selenomonas with healed mucosa of RAS patients, whereas the class Clostridia and genera Lachnoanaerobaculum, Cardiobacterium, Leptotrichia, and Fusobacterium were associated with the presence of an active ulcer. Furthermore, active ulcers were dominated by Malassezia, which were negatively correlated with Streptococcus and Haemophilus and positively correlated with Porphyromonas species. In addition, RAS patients showed increased serum levels of IgG against Mogibacterium timidum compared with healthy controls. Our study demonstrates that the composition of bacteria and fungi colonizing healthy oral mucosa is changed in active RAS ulcers, and that this alteration persists to some extent even after the ulcer is healed.
A generic imperative language for polynomial time

The ramification method in Implicit Computational Complexity has been associated with functional programming, but adapting it to generic imperative programming is highly desirable, given the wider algorithmic applicability of imperative programming. We introduce a new approach to ramification which, among other benefits, adapts readily to fully general imperative programming. The novelty is in ramifying finite second-order objects, namely finite structures, rather than ramifying elements of free algebras. In so doing we bridge between Implicit Complexity's type theoretic characterizations of feasibility, and the data-flow approach of Static Analysis.
N ov 2 01 9 Cartan geometries and multiplicative forms

In this paper we show that Cartan geometries can be studied via transitive Lie groupoids endowed with a special kind of vector-valued multiplicative 1-forms. This viewpoint leads us to a more general notion, that of Cartan bundle, which encompasses both Cartan geometries and G-structures.
Chemical Reaction Networks Possess Intrinsic, Temperature-Dependent Functionality

Temperature influences the life of many organisms in various ways. A great number of organisms live under conditions where their ability to adapt to changes in temperature can be vital and largely determines their fitness. Understanding the mechanisms and principles underlying this ability to adapt can be of great advantage, for example, to improve growth conditions for crops and increase their yield. In times of imminent, increasing climate change, this becomes even more important in order to find strategies and help crops cope with these fundamental changes. There is intense research in the field of acclimation that comprises fluctuations of various environmental conditions, but most acclimation research focuses on regulatory effects and the observation of gene expression changes within the examined organism. As thermodynamic effects are a direct consequence of temperature changes, these should necessarily be considered in this field of research but are often neglected. Additionally, compensated effects might be missed even though they are equally important for the organism, since they do not cause observable changes, but rather counteract them. In this work, using a systems biology approach, we demonstrate that even simple network motifs can exhibit temperature-dependent functional features resulting from the interplay of network structure and the distribution of activation energies over the involved reactions. The demonstrated functional features are (i) the reversal of fluxes within a linear pathway, (ii) a thermo-selective branched pathway with different flux modes and (iii) the increased flux towards carbohydrates in a minimal Calvin cycle that was designed to demonstrate temperature compensation within reaction networks. Comparing a system’s response to either temperature changes or changes in enzyme activity we also dissect the influence of thermodynamic changes versus genetic regulation. By this, we expand the scope of thermodynamic modelling of biochemical processes by addressing further possibilities and effects, following established mathematical descriptions of biophysical properties.
Quenched nematic criticality separating two superconducting domes in an iron-based superconductor under pressure

P. Reiss,1, ∗ D. Graf,2 A. A. Haghighirad,1, 3 W. Knafo,4 L. Drigo,4, 5 M. Bristow,1 A. J. Schofield,6 and A. I. Coldea1, † Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA Institut fur Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL), UPR 3228, CNRS-UJF-UPS-INSA, 143 Avenue de Rangueil, 31400 Toulouse, France Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (CNRS), 31400 Toulouse, France School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK (Dated: March 1, 2019)
Identify monitoring needs and emerging technology to support ecosystem based management (EBM) and sustainable blue growth in Nigerian ports: case study : Lagos Ports (Lagos Pport Complex and Tin Can Island Port Complex)

Title of Dissertation: Identifying Monitoring Needs and Emerging Technology to Support Ecosystem Based Management (EBM) and Sustainable Blue Growth in Nigerian Ports Case Study: Lagos Ports (Lagos Port Complex & Tin Can Island Port Complex) Degree: Master of Science This research takes a critical look at two salient aspects of monitoring in a marine environment: monitoring needs and emerging monitoring technologies, within the scope of seaports and coastal waters. As a precursor to understanding environmental monitoring from these two aspects, a review of impact of shipping and port activities on the marine environment was carried out. This complements the research by revealing the sources of threats introduced into the environment which ultimately informed the monitoring needs and technological approaches required. Reviews, assessments and analysis done for this research were carried out from a global perspective, but information gathering was limited to Nigeria and parts of Europe, due to limited resources and time constraints. Though the recommendations and conclusions reached can be applied globally, there is a bias for solutions which can address the challenges of monitoring in Nigerian maritime environment, using the Lagos ports of LPC and TCIPC as case studies. The methodology of choice for this research is qualitative analysis, using 15 semi-structured interviews. The interviewees were selected from the academia, maritime institutions and commercial entities spanning, 5 countries in Europe, China and Nigeria. The interview questions centered around future and present monitoring technologies, environmental parameters, environmental regulations, monitoring data, threats to marine environment, EBM and Blue Growth. The interviews were transcribed and coded, and the results were presented in charts and tables. These results were subsequently analyzed and inferences were drawn to identify monitoring needs and emerging technology from the interview data. The research concludes by proffering solutions to threats introduced from shipping and port activities to the marine environment, and a comparative review of environmental regulatory frameworks between some countries in Europe and Nigeria, with a view to improving the latter. It also streamlined the key environmental parameters and affordable state-of-the-art monitoring technologies best suited for developing regions with emphasis on Nigeria.
Components analysis of a brief intervention for college drinkers

ii Acknowledgments . iv Vita . vi List of Tables. viii List of Figures . xi Chapters:
N ov 2 01 9 IMPROVED BOUNDS FOR RESTRICTED PROJECTION FAMILIES VIA WEIGHTED FOURIER

It is shown that if A ⊆ R3 is a Borel set of Hausdorff dimension dimA > 1.5, then for a.e. θ ∈ [0, 2π) the projection πθ(A) of A onto the 2-dimensional plane orthogonal to 1 √ 2 (cos θ, sin θ, 1) satisfies dim πθ(A) ≥ min { 4 dimA 9 + 5 6 , 2 } . This improves results of Oberlin and Oberlin [23], and of Orponen and Venieri [25], for dimA ∈ (1.5, 2.4). Some results are also given for two possible generalisations of this problem in higher dimensions, and for families of planes in R3 parametrised by curves in S2 with nonvanishing geodesic curvature. One of the higher dimensional generalisations is a sharp a.e. projection theorem dim πv(A) = dimA, where v ∈ Sd−1, d ≥ 4 is even, and πv is the projection onto the 2-dimensional plane spanned by
Risk Perception of Unconventional Methods of Treatment

Background. In recent years, more and more patients have decided to use unconventional methods of treatment. Decisions regarding the choice of therapy entails assessment of the risks involved. Objectives. The aim was to define risk perception of unconventional methods of treatment and compare the qual− itative and quantitative risk assessments of healthy individuals with those of ill persons. Material and Methods. This study comprised 292 persons, including 78 patients of the allergy ward of the Clinic of Internal Diseases and Allergology, 49 patients hospitalized on the oncology ward of the Lower Silesian Oncology Center, and 165 healthy individuals. Thirteen unconventional treatment methods were studied using the “Scale of Risk Perception of UMT” developed by the author of the project. Results. Healthy people tended to consider unconventional methods of treatment to be more risky than did the patients. The most striking differences in risk perception were observed between healthy people and those hospi− talized because of cancer. Conclusion. Ill persons exhibit a tendency to diminish the risk related to unconventional methods of treatment. The state of disease, particularly of a lethal disease, creates a more optimistic approach as to the effectiveness of these methods (Adv Clin Exp Med 2006, 15, 6, 1037–1045).
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (NEEM) IN ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE

Alcohol induced liver cirrhosis is a worldwide problem but effective drugs are not available in the market. Many studies reported the patoprotective effect of neem leaves, but no scientific study in alcohol induced liver damage. So the main objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic extract of Azadirachta indica (A. indica extract) leaves in alcohol induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats. Hepatotoxicity was produced by administering graded oses of ethanol orally for 4 weeks. A. indica extract were given to treated groups at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg orally for 4 weeks. Similarly Silymarin 100 mg/kg were given to standard group rats. Biochemical parameters (ALP, SGPT, SGOT, TP and S. Bilirubin), liver weight and histopathological parameters were evaluated. A indica extract (both doses) significantly prevented the changes in the above biochemical parameters. Similarly it significantly prevented the elevation of liver weight and histological changes as compared to the ethanol treated group. The above results suggest that Azadirachta indica is useful in treating alcohol induced liver damage.
THE ROLE OF GLIAL GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTER GLT-1 OVER-EXPRESSION IN MITIGATING VISCERAL NOCICEPTION

Visceral pain is the most common reason for physician visits in US. However, the etiology of visceral hypersensitivity is not clear. Neither is the effective therapy available to relief visceral pain. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter and mediates aspects of visceral hypersensitivity. Rapid removal of glutamate from synapse is predominantly mediated by glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), thus terminating the glutamate stimulation. GLT-1 is found down-regulated in the neuropathic injury model and the artificial induction of GLT-1 attenuates neuropathic pain. In this dissertation, the role of GLT-1 induction in visceral nociception is investigated. Genetic and pharmacological approaches were utilized to establish GLT-1 induction. In the transgenic mice model, GLT-1 transgene was driven by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and over-expressed in astrocyte cells in central nervous system. In the pharmacological model, expression of GLT-1 was enhanced by intraperitoneal administration of ceftriaxone (CTX). Transgenic animals overexpressing GLT-1 significantly reduced visceral nociceptive responses. In consistent, one week administration of ceftriaxone reduced the visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distention (CRD). In addition, this inhibition of visceral nociception could be blocked by systematic treatment with dihydrokainate (DHK), a selective GLT-1 inhibitor. This data indicates that enhanced glutamate reuptake attenuates colorectal distention-induced visceral nociception.Further study showed that intrathecal delivery of GLT-1 antagonist DHK to the lumbar spinal cord dose-dependently reversed CTX-blunted visceral nociceptive response, whereas intracisternal delivery of DHK failed to produce visceral anti-nociceptive effects, suggesting a role of spinally located glutamate transporter GLT-1 in visceral nociception. In addition, one-week CTX treatment exhibited no effect on somatic sensory and motor function. This data indicated that GLT-1 upregulation by CTX treatment mitigates visceral nociception through spinal mechanisms. The role of GLT-1 in animal models of colitis was then investigated. One week CTX treatment upregulated the expression of GLT-1 and reversed the TNBS-induced visceral hypersensitivity. In addition, CTX treatment one week after the onset of DSS-induced visceral inflammation could also attenuate the visceral nociceptive response, suggesting a potential therapeutic effect of CTX. Further experiment revealed that CTX treatment reduced inflammation in the TNBS-induced colitis, but not in DSS model. Cephalothin, another antibiotic lacking GLT-1 induction ability, demonstrated the efficiency to inhibit inflammation but failed to block visceral hypersensitivity, suggesting that GLT-1 over-expression mitigates visceral inflammatory nociception. Taken together, these studies indicated that GLT-1 over-expression is a novel and effective method to attenuate visceral nociception.
Identification of potentially responsive subsets when cetuximab is added to oxaliplatin-fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy (CT) in first-line advanced colorectal cancer (aCRC): Mature results of the MRC COIN trial.

3502 Background: In COIN one randomization was between continuous oxaliplatin (Ox) and fluoropyrimidine (Fp) CT and the same CT plus cetuximab (C). The choice of Fp, capecitabine (Cap) or infusional 5-fluouroracil plus leucovorin (FU), was decided prior to randomization. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) in KRAS wild-type (wt) pts. Further analysis of NRAS, BRAF, MSI and EGFR status has been performed. Methods: Pts had measurable, inoperable aCRC; no prior CT for metastases; WHO PS 0-2 and good organ function. Patients were randomized between (A) continuous OxFp (OxFU q2w or OxCap q3w) and (B) OxFp + weekly C. Results: 1,630 pts were accrued between 03/05 and 05/08 from the UK and Ireland. Pt characteristics: median age 63; 92% had PS 0-1; 66% received OxCap and 34% received OxFU. Tumor samples from 1,316 (81%) pts were available for KRAS analysis. 729 (55%) were KRAS wt. 102 (8%) had BRAF and 50 (4%) had NRAS mutations. 4% had MSI. In the primary analysis cohort there was no evidence of a dif.