Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Presurgical and Postsurgical Topical Tacrolimus on Pedicled Flap Survival in Rats

Purpose Our previous rodent studies demonstrated significantly decreased full-thickness necrosis in pedicled dorsal skin flaps with topical tacrolimus as compared with petroleum jelly. Histologically, we found that topical tacrolimus was correlated with increased vascular growth in areas more susceptible to ischemic damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of pretreatment with tacrolimus. By applying tacrolimus in advance of raising the dorsal skin flaps, we hoped to increase vascularity and thus increase the overall viability of the flaps. Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were initially randomized to 4 groups based on timing of tacrolimus treatment (presurgical/postsurgical treatment): control/control (C/C), control/tacrolimus (C/T), tacrolimus/control (T/C), and tacrolimus/tacrolimus (T/T). Treatments consisted of 0.2 g of the control (topical petroleum jelly) and 0.1% topical tacrolimus to the rat dorsum twice per day. After 7 days of presurgical treatment, a cranially based dorsal skin flap measuring 3 × 10 cm was created. Two rats perished during surgery and were excluded for further analysis. Each rat was treated for a further 7 days and sacrificed. Two blinded reviewers marked the total skin flap area as well as areas of viable tissue, reversible ischemia, and full-thickness necrosis. Percentage areas were calculated using Fiji/ImageJ, and statistical analysis was performed in R. Results The average viable areas for C/C, C/T, T/C, and T/T were 31.4%, 31.9%, 35.6%, and 22.6%, respectively. The average reversible ischemic area for C/C, C/T, T/C, and T/T was 53.1%, 54.0%, 54.1%, and 71.5%, respectively. The average necrotic area for C/C, C/T, T/C, and T/T was 15.4%, 14.0%, 10.2%, and 5.9%, respectively. For areas of reversible ischemia, T/T arm had higher areas compared with C/T (P = 0.004) and T/C (P = 0.044). There was no significance between treatment arms for areas of viable and necrotic tissue. Conclusions We observed higher areas of reversible ischemia for continuous tacrolimus treatment compared with only pre–tacrolimus application or post–tacrolimus application. This suggests that tacrolimus application before and after surgical insult may be associated with improved ischemic survival of the skin. Although we did not observe decreased areas of necrosis for tacrolimus treatment compared with control, this was likely due to the limited number of rats available in each arm to reach significance. Further study is needed to fully elucidate the encouraging trends that were observed.
Rethinking the Need for Nail Plate Removal: A Comparison of the Risks Between Standard Nail Bed Repair and Nonoperative Management

Purpose Nail bed injuries are commonly treated with nail plate removal and repair due to concern for future nail deformity. There is controversy whether this is necessary. We compared the outcomes for adult patients with simple nail bed lacerations who underwent either formal nail bed repair or nonoperative management. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed of adult patients with nail bed lacerations from 2012 to 2019. Nail bed lacerations were diagnosed in patients with fingertip injuries resulting in subungual hematoma greater than 50% or in any subungual hematoma in the setting of a distal phalanx fracture. All patients included had an intact nail plate. Patients were treated with nail bed laceration repair or nonoperatively without nail plate removal. The primary outcome was the development of a nail deformity. Secondary outcomes included infection, fracture nonunion, and patient-reported functional outcomes using the quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score. Results Thirty-eight patients with nail bed lacerations were treated nonoperatively, and 40 patients were treated with nail bed repair. The average follow-up time was 4.5 weeks in the office. In addition, 1-year evaluation of patients was performed through telephone interview. The patients in the nonoperative group exhibited no statistically significant difference in the calculated risk for nail deformities compared with the nail bed repair group (13% vs 23%, relative risk = 0.58, P = 0.40, 95% confidence interval = 0.42–1.25). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes or quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores between groups. Conclusions The authors observed no meaningful difference in the rate of nail deformities in adult patients who underwent nail bed repair compared with those managed nonoperatively.
A Social Media Analysis of Wellness Culture in Plastic Surgery Residency

Background Burnout, “a psychological syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment”, afflicts approximately one third of plastic surgery attending surgeons and residents. Burnout can be detrimental to resident training and patient outcomes. Therefore, cultivating wellness during residency is essential. In fact, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires residency programs to create learning and working environments that optimize faculty and resident wellness. With increasing social media use by plastic surgery residency programs, this study aimed to analyze their posts for wellness-related content. Methods Integrated plastic surgery residency programs were obtained from the American Council of Academic Plastic Surgeons Web site, and their associated social media accounts were identified. The authors reviewed all post images, captions, and comments made by the program's account, until July 3, 2021. Any hashtags relating to wellness were also recorded. Results Of 82 programs, 76 (92.7%) had active Instagram accounts, 31 (37.8%) had active Facebook accounts, and 30 (36.6%) had active Twitter accounts. Instagram had higher rates of engagement than Facebook and Twitter (P < 0.001). Across all platforms, the mean percent of total posts related to wellness was 18.87%. The most common wellness content showcased resident work-life balance (48.73%), followed by educational events incorporating wellness activities (27.61%), attention to physical health (17.71%), healthy work environments (5.29%), wellness-specific activities (3.25%), team building activities (2.40%), and images implying but not directly showing resident wellness (1.46%). Programs did not vary significantly in percentages of total posts related to wellness by geographic region, ranking, or accreditation length. In total, 1893 wellness-related hashtags were used on Instagram, 253 on Facebook, and 72 on Twitter. The most used wellness-related hashtag was #residentlife. Only 40.8% to 50.8% of posts using wellness hashtags met at least 1 wellness criterion. Conclusion Despite the importance of burnout prevention during plastic surgery residency, less than a quarter of residency program social media content promote wellness. Social media can demonstrate how residency programs are incorporating wellness into their curricula, but whether residencies lack sufficient wellness initiatives or are not advertising such programming on their social media accounts remains to be studied.
DESIGN OF THE REAR CARRIAGE STABILIZER OF A LOW-FLOOR ARTICULATED TROLLEYBUS

During test drives with a low-floor articulated trolleybus focused on the vehicle driving stability considerable rolling of the rear carriage appeared during all the driving manoeuvres. Using a stabilizer in the rear carriage is a suitable constructional solution. Verification of the suitability of its constructional solution from the point of view of the required effect on the driving stability was performed using the computer simulations with the trolleybus multibody models.
An experimental evaluation of demand limiting using building thermal mass in a small commercial building

This paper presents results from experimental testing and comfort surveys designed to evaluate peak demand-limiting strategies that utilize adjustments of zone temperature setpoints. The testing was performed at a building that is representative of small commercial buildings. In addition, an inverse model was developed to allow extrapolation to ambient and control conditions not encountered during testing. The testing consisted of two phases. During phase 1 two kinds of control strategies were considered: conventional night setup control and a model-based demand-limiting strategy that involved precooling during the morning and nonlinear setpoint adjustments during an afternoon demand-limiting period. The demand-limiting strategy resulted in greater than 30% reductions in peak cooling loads compared to night setup control for a five-hour demand-limiting period. The phase 1 comfort surveys revealed some occupant discomfort in the morning under the demand-limiting control strategy. Therefore, the major objective of phase 2 testing was to investigate less aggressive strategies. In phase 2, comfort conditions were much improved and occupants were generally satisfied with their environment. Furthermore, daily load shifting from the demand-limiting period during the phase 2 tests was similar to that obtained during phase 1. The inverse model was used to extrapolate the study to hotter conditions with similar results for peak load reduction. This study also demonstrated that the shape of the load profile is very sensitive to the shape of the temperature variation during the demand-limiting period. Linear and step changes in setpoints did not result in satisfactory load shapes for minimizing peak demand.
Bottomless harbours

Does the harbour of an artificial island need a bottom? The excitation of waves inside a partially immersed open circular cylinder is considered. An incident plane wave is expanded in Bessel functions and for each mode the problem is formulated in terms of the radial displacement on the cylindrical interface below the cylinder. The solution is obtainable either from an infinite set of simultaneous equations or from an integral equation. It is shown that the phase of the solution is independent of depth and resonances are found at wave-numbers close to those of free oscillations in a cylinder extending to the bottom. If the resonances of the cylinder are made sharper (by increasing the depth of immersion) the peak response of the harbour increases, but the response to a continuous spectrum remains approximately constant. Numerical results are obtained by minimizing the least squares error of a finite number N of simultaneous equations. Convergence is slow, but the error is roughly proportional to 1/N and this is exploited. The solution obtained from a variational formulation using the incoming wave as a trial function is found to give a very good approximation for small wave-numbers, but is increasingly inaccurate for large wave-numbers. Away from resonance the amplitude of the harbour oscillation is less than 10% of the amplitude of the incoming wave provided the depth of the cylinder is greater than about ¼ wavelength, and it is argued that in practice at the resonant wave-number oscillations excited through the bottom of the harbour will leak out through the entrance before they can reach large amplitudes. In an appendix the excitation of harbour oscillations through the harbour entrance is discussed, and some results of Miles & Munk (1961) on an alleged harbour paradox are re-interpreted.
Avaliação do consumo de energia elétrica em duas granulometrias de moagem de grãos de milho de textura dentada e dura

The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy power consumption by amperage measurements in two levels of grinding in corn grain to animal feeding. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial scheme, with four treatments, 10 replications per treatment. It was tested two average geometric diameters (AGD) with 865 and 570mm, thick and fine respectively, with flint and dent texture. There was higher energy consumption in the fine AGD. It was necessary an energy demand 14 % higher when grains with flint texture were compared to grains with dent texture. In conclusion, the fine AGD (570mm) should be used to grind corn grains with dent texture in order to save energy. In the other hand, the thick AGD (865mm) could be used for both corn hybrids because the energy power consumption was the same.
Scattering Points Size Distribution for Indoor Broadband PLC Channels

The multipath propagation of the power-line communication channel (PLC) arises from the presence of several branches and impedance mismatches that cause multiple re∞ections. Each path comprises of scattering points that are re∞ected at speciflc number of times at speciflc points of discontinuity along its routes. Scattering points located where impedance mismatch occurs and can be seen as spherical point with an approximation diameter size as for the branch. In such models, not only the desired signal, but also one or more delayed and attenuated versions of it get to the receiver. In (1), scattering points' spatial allocation, by which path amplitude distributions and path arriving time distributions are proposed to follow the lognormal distri- bution for difierent number of branches. Based on those flndings in (1), in this submission, we investigate the number of branches and the numbers of re∞ections that occur at each node; the scattering point diameter density is derived in order to determine the scattering size distribution and the probability density distribution of the path. The proposed model shows that there are more contributions of branches with small diameters to the average attenuation in indoor PLC channel.
What is observable from wall data in turbulent channel flow?

Abstract Estimation of the initial state of turbulent channel flow from spatially and temporally resolved wall data is performed using adjoint-variational data assimilation. The estimated flow fields satisfy the Navier–Stokes equations and minimize a cost function defined as the difference between model predictions and the available observations. The accuracy of the predicted flow deteriorates with distance from the wall, most precipitously across the buffer layer beyond which only large-scale structures are reconstructed. To explain this trend, we examine the domain of dependence of the observations and the Hessian matrix of the state-estimation cost function, both of which are efficiently evaluated using adjoint fields initiated from impulses at wall sensors. Eigenanalysis of the Hessian is performed, and the eigenvalues are related to the capacity to reconstruct flow structures represented by the eigenvectors. Most of the eigenmodes decay beyond the buffer layer, thus demonstrating weak sensitivity of wall observations to the turbulence in the bulk. However, when the measurement time $t_m^{+} \gtrsim 20$, some streamwise-elongated Hessian eigenfunctions remain finite in the outer flow, and correspond to the sensitivity of wall observations to outer large-scale motions. At much longer observation times, the adjoint field becomes chaotic as it amplifies exponentially, which is indicative of extreme gradients of the cost function and an ill-conditioned Hessian matrix, and both exacerbate the difficulty of estimating turbulence from wall observations.
STUDI KOMPARATIF KINERJA KADER POSYANDU

Abstrak Posyandu merupakan sarana penting di dalam masyarakat untuk mendukung upaya pencapaian masyarakat sejahtera. berhasil tidaknya posyandu dipengaruhi oleh minat dan motivasi kader dalam menjalankan peran dan fungsinya sebagai kader. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tingkat kinerja kader posyandu berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja kader posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Blang Bintang dengan wilayah kerja Puskesmas Darussalam. Penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Sampel sebanyak 187 responden terdiri dari 93 responden di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Blang Bintang dan 94 responden di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Darussalam, dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji Mann Whitney U test pada α= 0,05. Hasil penelitian, kinerja kader kedua wilayah berada pada katagori baik (n=104, 55.6%). Ketika memisahkan berdasarkan wilayah kerja, kinerja kader di wilayah Blang Bintang memiliki proporsi lebih tinggi daripada kinerja kader di wilayah Darussalam (59.1% vs 52.1%). Hasil perbandingan, kinerja kader posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Blang Bintang memiliki Mean rank lebih tinggi dari kader di wilayah kerja Darussalam (95.28 vs 92.33) namun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat kinerja (Z= .1.35, p.31). Kata Kunci : Kinerja, kader posyandu, pelatihan, motifasi, Insentif. Abstract Posyandu is an important tool in the community to support efforts to achieve a prosperous society. the success of the Posyandu influenced by the interest and motivation of cadres in carrying out its role and function as a cadre. This study aimed to analyze the performance level of Posyandu’scadres based on factors affected the performance of Posyandu cadres in the Blang Bintang and Darussalam regions. This descriptive-comparative study was using cross sectional study design. The research sample 187 responden consisted of 93 respondents from Blang Bintang region and 94 respondents from Darussalam. Samples were collected by using purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney U test to identify mean rank difference of posyandu cadres’ working performance levels in both regions. The results of the study showed that the cadres’s working performance of both areas were in good category (n= 104, 55.6%). If chategorized by working area, the working performance of Blang Bintang posyandu cadreswere better than the working performance of Darussalam cadres (59.1% vs 52.1%). The comparison results revealed that the Blang Bintang posyandu cadres’s working performance had higher mean rank (95.28) than those of Darussalam prosyandu cadres’(92.33), but there was no signifikan difference working (Z= .1.35, p.31). Keywords : Working performance, Posyandu cadres, training, motivation, incentives.
Experiments on the instability of stratified shear flows: miscible fluids

Earlier papers have described a technique whereby a stratified shear flow may be produced under controlled conditions in the laboratory. A comparison between the experiments and theory is made here for small-amplitude unstable disturbances in an accelerating stratified free shear layer at the diffuse interface between layers of brine and water. In the early stages of the observed growth of the instability, which takes the form of growing waves, three measurable quantities can be compared with predicted values: the wavelength of the small amplitude waves, the time, which determines the flow conditions, and the growth rates of the waves. Some observations of the development of the disturbances to finite amplitude, the transition to turbulence and the resulting turbulence are reported.
Weir flows

The flow of a liquid with a free surface over a weir in a channel is calculated numerically for thin weirs in channels of various depths, and for broad-crested weirs in channels of infinite depth. The results show that the upstream velocity, as well as the entire flow, are determined by the height of the free surface far upstream and by the geometry of the weir and channel, in agreement with observation. The discharge coefficient is computed for a thin weir, and a formula for it is given that applies when the height of the weir is large compared to the height of the upstream free surface above the top of the weir. The coefficients in this formula are close to those found empirically.
An integrated wind-forecast system based on the weather research and forecasting model, Kalman filter, and data assimilation with nacelle-wind observation

To forecast wind speed at hub-height is a challenging task for wind energy application, especially in Japan where the terrain feature is very complex and large fluctuations are observed in surface wind field. In this study, an integrated system to predict the hub-height wind speed has been developed by combining data assimilation and Kalman filter with the high resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Assimilating the nacelle wind data (quality-controlled) and the Kalman filter algorithm effectively improves accuracy of the WRF model forecast by optimizing initial condition and post-processing the model output, respectively. It is found that the WRF model forecasts can be markedly improved after assimilating the nacelle wind data through the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system, with the relative improvements of 34.3%, 23.9%, and 8.8% in ME (mean error), RMSE (root mean square error), and IA (index of agreement), respectively. The implementation of the Kalman filter can sign.
Effect of chemical reaction on mixing transition and turbulent statistics of cylindrical Richtmyer–Meshkov instability

Abstract Direct numerical simulations of a three-dimensional cylindrical Richtmyer–Meshkov instability with and without chemical reactions are carried out to explore the chemical reaction effects on the statistical characteristics of transition and turbulent mixing. We adopt 9-species and 19-reaction models of non-premixed hydrogen and oxygen separated by a multimode perturbed cylindrical interface. A new definition of mixing width suitable for a chemical reaction is introduced, and we investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of typical flow parameters within the mixing regions. After reshock with a fuller mixing of fuels and oxygen, the chemical reaction becomes sufficiently apparent at affecting the evolution of the flow fields. Because of the generation of a combustion wave within the combustion regions and propagation, the growth of the mixing width with a chemical reaction is accelerated, especially around the outer radius with large temperature gradient profiles. However, the viscous dissipation rate in the early stage of the chemical reaction is greater because of heat release, which results in weakened turbulent mixing within the mixing regions. We confirm that small-scale structures begin to develop after reshock and then decay over time. During the developing process, helicity also begins to develop, in addition to kinetic energy, viscous dissipation rate, enstrophy, etc. In the present numerical simulations with cylindrical geometry, the fluctuating flow fields evolve from quasi-two-dimensional perturbations, and the generations of helicity can capture this transition process. The weakened fluctuations during shock compression can be explained as the inverse energy cascade, and the chemical reaction can promote this inverse energy cascade process.
Effects of audit quality, culture value, and firm’ size on earnings reporting quality

Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara kualitas audit, nilai budaya, ukuran perusahaan dan kualitas laba yang dilaporkan, dengan menggunakan 328 perusahaan transportasi sebagai sampel untuk periode 2004-2009 pada tujuh negara di Asia. Penelitian ini gagal menunjukkan bahwa auditor dalam grup “The Big 4” berfungsi sebagai penghambat praktik manajemen laba. Akan tetapi, bukti empiris menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan-perusahaan di negara-negara yang memiliki skor budaya “penghindaran ketidakpastian” yang tinggi cenderung memiliki tingkat manajemen laba yang rendah dan oleh karena itu laba yang dilaporkan memiliki kualitas yang tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini juga sangat mendukung hipotesis biaya politis yang berpendapat bahwa perusahaan-perusahaan yang lebih besar lebih menjadi perhatian publik dan aksi politik yang ada di dalamnya menunjukkan perilaku manajemen laba yang tidak begitu agresif. Kata Kunci: Kualitas audit, Budaya, Ukuran perusahaan, Kualitas pelaporan laba, Perusahaan transportasi.