Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Foreign Shocks on the Polish Economy

This study concerns the impact of foreign shocks on the Polish economy. We consider output shocks from China, the euro area, and the United States. We estimate structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) models with the level of foreign economic activity as an endogenous variable and foreign output shock as an exogenous variable. We identify foreign output shocks outside the model. Our results indicate that a euro-area output shock has the strongest effect on the Polish economy. Meanwhile, the spillover effects from China are similar for Poland and the euro area.
Salmon Stock Market Prices Revealing Salmon Price Information

A representative and unbiased fish price index is an important tool to measure price risk, as well as for production and marketing management. This paper investigates the relationship between one of the primary price indices of farmed salmon, the Fish Pool Index, and the stock prices of major publicly traded salmon companies. We document that stock prices reflect salmon price information earlier than the Fish Pool Index. Furthermore, this effect is shown to be greater for larger companies. This identifies a possible source of bias in the salmon futures pricing design that relies on the index, which can negatively affect the perceived unbiasedness of contracting. The results also point to potential company-size effects on salmon pricing.
Reply: Screening Instruments and Prevalence of Impulse Control Disorders

We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comments on our recently published study and thank Jaakkola and Joutsa for their constructive discussion. We agree that the methodology used to detect impulse control disorders (ICDs) is crucial to estimate their prevalence. Overall, most studies included in our review used a screening tool to detect ICDs, thus increasing the sensitivity and yielding higher prevalence rates. We acknowledged this relevant caveat in our study and reported the methodology used in each of the studies selected. A previous study showed that the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease (QUIP) and the Minnesota Impulse Disorders Interview (MIDI), the 2 most used screening tools in our sample, yielded overall comparable results. Only a minority of studies, both from Western and Eastern countries, relied on clinical interviews to detect ICDs, as we reported. Jaakkola and Joutsa also raised their concerns about another important issue regarding impulse control behaviors (ICBs), which we did not fully address in our review. As we explained, we chose not to address the prevalence of the different subtypes of ICBs as these data were more inconsistently reported than ICDs. However, as our colleagues pertinently point out, the QUIP assesses both ICDs and ICBs. For our review, we used the total prevalence of any ICD as reported in each study, and considering that none of the articles using QUIP specifically states the exclusion of ICBs from the assessment, we should assume that ICBs may be included in the total prevalence reported. In the perfect scenario, all studies would have specified clearly if ICBs were included in the total prevalence reported and subtracted this data from it, but this was not the case for all of them. We accept that this is an important limitation of our study, for ICDs as a whole could be overestimated in several studies included in our analysis, and we appreciate the pertinent observation of Jaakkola and Joutsa. However, this limitation does not affect our data regarding the frequency of each subtype of ICD separately, on which we also based our results. In our study, we acknowledged that the variability in patient populations and methodological differences among the included studies make them difficult to compare directly, and we agree with Jaakkola and Joutsa that our results should be interpreted with caution. Even so, our review puts together a large number of studies, showing the huge heterogeneity currently existing in the literature, and points out the relevance of considering geographical differences in the assessment of ICDs in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Our research may help to set the basis of more specific studies conducting this complex and multifaceted research.
Theoretical investigation of physical properties of the spinel ZnFe2O4 compound: Ab-initio calculation

ABSTRACT The electronic, magnetic, optical and transport properties of ZnFe2O4 compound are calculated using the density functional theory implemented on Wien2k code with GGA + U approximation. The results obtained are in good agreement with the experimental results. In the visible range, ZnFe2O4 has a coefficient of absorption over 104/cm. The first and main critical point calculated with GGA + U appears at 2.10 eV, which is known as optical absorption edge. In addition, the X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroic (XMCD) spectra exhibit two peaks in L3 edge revealing the existence of Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions, occupying the octahedral sites. Finally, using XMCD and XAS methods, we can calculate the spin and orbital moments of bulk spinel ferrite ZnFe2O4 compound.
Forecasting Advertisement Effectiveness: Neuroscience and Data Envelopment Analysis

This research used a novel method in which biometric data and data envelopment analysis (DEA) (a statistical tool generally used for multi-criteria decision making) were used to assess advertising effectiveness. Facial detection and eye-tracking analyses were used to measure participants’ reactions to 14 real estate advertisements. Each of the 14 advertisements had been suggested to a real estate company by a creative advertisement company for a real upcoming advertising campaign in Modern Living for Males and Females. A total of 20 females and males, each of whom wanted to purchase a property, participated in this study. The real estate company was not sure which advertisement to select or which advertisement would be more effective in relation to the male and female target markets. The eye-tracking analysis provided useful information in relation to advertisement design efficiency and cue saliency, which can also affect participants’ emotional responses. DEA was employed to process attention, engagement, and joy provoked by the advertisements. The advertising materials were then benchmarked for each gender using the R studio and R Core Team and a robust DEA for the R (rDEA) package. Furthermore, we used an output-oriented model and variable returns-to-scale to identify the advertisement which maximized the positive emotional responses of each gender, revealing significant differences between males and females in relation to ad effectiveness.
Workplace Deviance in Public Sector Organizations: Evidence from Pakistan

Deviant workplace behaviors have become an important area of research due to the recent revelation of high-profile corporate scandals. Scholars view that deviant workplace behaviors can be controlled when the factors that affect workplace deviance are properly understood. Therefore, this study is having two sections. Section one identifies the level of workplace deviance prevailing in the public sector hospitals of Pakistan, for which data was collected from 219 respondents in the understudy sector. Findings of this study show that workplace deviance exists in the understudy sector at a moderate level. Section two describes the factors that have the ability to influence the emergence of deviant workplace behaviors. Thus, this study searched for workplace deviance related articles available at the academic research databases such as Scopus and Web of Science. The keywords that were used for searching articles were “workplace deviance”, “organizational deviance”, “deviance” and “deviant behaviors”. This study outlines twenty-five factors that affect workplace deviance, thereby highlighting how workplace deviance can be minimized. Lastly, implications and suggestions for further research and practice are highlighted.
Binding of Calcium and Magnesium Ions to Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM): A Combination of Steady-State and Time-Resolved Fluoresce Study

Revealing the binding properties of calcium ion (Ca2+) and magnesium ion (Mg2+) to chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) facilities understanding the effect of natural water composition on the photophysics of dissolved organic matter. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectrometry, and dynamic light scattering were applied to investigate the fluorescence quenching process of CODM by Ca2+ and Mg2+. The binding of Ca2+ and Mg2+ preferred terrestrial CDOM to aquatic CDOM. The fluorescence quenching of CDOM by cations mainly occurred in a static process, which was based on the fact that the decrease of steady-state fluorescence intensity was greater than fluorescence lifetime. The fluorescence quenching was profound under longer excitation and emission wavelength. The binding constant (K, L/mol) for Ca2+ to CDOM from terrestrial source ranged from 4.29 to 5.09 (lgK), which was approximately one order of magnitude higher than that of Mg2+ to CDOM (3.86 to 4.56). Fluorescence decay became faster in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Lifetime distribution of CDOM excited states shifted to small value side in the presence of metal ions, particularly for Ca2+, indicating fluorescence quenching of CDOM mainly through the interaction of Ca2+/Mg2+ with relatively long-lived fluorophores.
Psychosocial Resources and Diet-Related Lifestyle in Overweight and Obesity: A Cluster-Based Study

This study explored intraindividual multidimensional profiles integrating psychosocial factors, namely, body image and satisfaction, weight-related self-stigma, positivity, and happiness, and behavioural-lifestyle factors, namely, adherence to a healthy diet, among Spanish adults with overweight or obesity. We further aimed to investigate the association of excess weight (i.e., measured body mass index, BMI) with the abovementioned multidimensional configurations. A convenience sample of adult individuals with excessive weight completed self-reports regarding the study variables, and their weight and height were measured. With a perspective centered on the individual, a cluster analysis established three distinct intraindividual psychosocial and diet-related profiles: a group of healthy individuals with excess weight; a group of individuals who were negatively affected by their excessive weight and showed the most distressed profile; and a group of dysfunctional individuals who seemed to be excessively unrealistic and optimistic regarding their excessive weight and unhealthy lifestyles. Furthermore, individuals in the affected cluster had higher obesity. The results showed that there are specific psychosocial and lifestyle profiles in the adult population with excess weight and that there are relationships among psychological, behavioural, and body-composition factors. For clinical application purposes, it is important to account for the heterogeneity within individuals who are obese and to individualize the interventions, with a focus from weight change to individual's overall well-being.
Goodwill Impairment and Audit Effort

Using abnormal audit fees to capture any added charges associated with incremental audit effort beyond the effort level needed under normal or expected circumstances, we find that the incremental audit effort is positively associated with goodwill to total assets. Additionally, when goodwill is impaired, auditors exert incrementally more effort for testing the magnitude of a goodwill impairment loss than when goodwill is not impaired. Further, we document predictable temporal and cross-sectional variations in audit effort with goodwill. As the standards on accounting for goodwill became more (less) stringent, there is a corresponding increase (decrease) in audit effort. The effort also varies cross sectionally with auditor quality (Big 4 versus non-Big 4). Using audit delay as an alternative proxy for audit effort, we find that only a goodwill impairment loss is associated with longer audit delays. Finally, we provide corroborating evidence based on survey responses obtained from expert auditors. Our results contradict the perception that auditors do not exert incrementally more effort when testing goodwill for impairment.
Shock Remanent Magnetization Intensity and Stability Distributions of Single‐Domain Titanomagnetite‐Bearing Basalt Sample Under the Pressure Range of 0.1–10 GPa

Knowledge of the shock remanent magnetization (SRM) property is crucial to interpret the spatial changes in magnetic anomalies observed over the impact crater. This study reports the spatial distributions of SRM intensity and stability of single‐domain titanomagnetite‐bearing basalt based on the SRM acquisition experiments using a two‐stage light gas gun with Al projectiles, remanence measurements for divided subsamples, and impact simulations. The SRM properties systematically change with increasing pressure, and three distinctive aspects are recognized at different pressure ranges: (1) constant intensity below 0.1 GPa, (2) linear trend as intensity is proportional to pressure up to 1.1 GPa, and (3) constant intensity and increasing stability above 1.9 GPa. The SRM intensity and stability distributions suggest that the crustal rocks containing the single‐domain titanomagnetite originally had an SRM intensity distribution according to the distance from the impact point, which changed depending on the remanence stability after the impact.
Membership motivations for natural conservation tourist attractions

ABSTRACT Tourism-related non-profit organizations rely on donations and financial support from private individuals, frequently through membership subscription schemes. This research investigates what motivates membership in a tourism-based conservation context to examine the transferability of existing research in the arts and cultural context. A post-positivist quantitative online survey with qualitative elements was distributed to members of Zealandia, an urban eco-sanctuary in New Zealand. Results identify membership motivation as a multi-dimensional construct, with altruistic motivations related to the cause at its core and inextricably linked with hedonic motivations representing positive on-site experiences. Egoistic motivations were identified as a supplementary factor only in that free entry as a demonstrable benefit allows access to the experience. The organization itself provided a link between cause and those who value it, positioning itself as a point of belonging and connection that mediates the otherwise intangible connection between people and environment. Through this, members receive a variety of emotional, familial and demonstrable benefits in relation to nature itself, a sense of belonging and contribution, and access to observe the impact of their membership. In doing so, this research illustrates the relevance of organization and cause in encouraging local membership behaviour and continuing support for natural conservation tourist attractions.
Kinetics behavior of methylene blue onto agricultural waste

ABSTRACT In the present work, investigations on a potential use of agricultural waste for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from wastewater are presented. Adsorption kinetics of MB has been studied using reaction-based and diffusion-based models. Three kinetic models, namely pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and the Elovich are analyzed at the temperature of 298 K for the reaction-based model. The kinetic studies showed that the data were well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Intraparticle diffusion, external-film diffusion, and internal-pore diffusion models characterizing MB were obtained. The results suggested that the agricultural waste has a high potential to be used as an effective adsorbent for MB adsorption. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and the Elovich models were employed to describe the desorption mechanism. The experimental results showed that the pseudo-second-order equation is the best model.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to antibiotic use and resistance among prescribers from public primary healthcare facilities in Harare, Zimbabwe

Background Overuse of antibiotics is one of the main drivers for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Globally, most antibiotics are prescribed in the outpatient setting. This survey aimed to explore attitudes and practices with regards to microbiology tests, AMR and antibiotic prescribing among healthcare providers at public primary health clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted in nine primary health clinics located in low-income suburbs of Harare between October and December 2020. In Zimbabwe, primary health clinics provide nurse-led outpatient care for acute and chronic illnesses. Healthcare providers who independently prescribe antibiotics and order diagnostic tests were invited to participate. The survey used self-administered questionnaires. A five-point Likert scale was used to determine attitudes and beliefs. Results A total of 91 healthcare providers agreed to participate in the survey. The majority of participants (62/91, 68%) had more than 10 years of work experience. Most participants reported that they consider AMR as a global (75/91, 82%) and/or national (81/91, 89%) problem, while 52/91 (57%) considered AMR to be a problem in their healthcare facilities. A fifth of participants (20/91, 22%) were unsure if AMR was a problem in their clinics. Participants felt that availability of national guidelines (89/89, 100%), training sessions on antibiotic prescribing (89/89, 100%) and regular audit and feedback on prescribing (82/88, 93%) were helpful interventions to improve prescribing. Conclusions These findings support the need for increased availability of data on AMR and antibiotic use in primary care. Educational interventions, regular audit and feedback, and access to practice guidelines may be useful to limit overuse of antibiotics.
Strategic visualization: the (real) usefulness of cognitive mapping in smart city conceptualization

PurposeThe concept of smart city has recently become more topical in academic and policy discussions. This idea is considered a complex, non-consensual subject since its definition has not yet been agreed upon by most authors in the relevant fields. The need to identify and measure smart city indicators has also given rise to many different evaluation procedures. However, the available frameworks have yet to overcome challenges in structuring and measuring all the evaluation parameters of the cities in question. Thus, methods still need to be developed and applied that can structure criteria used to assess smart city success.Design/methodology/approachThis study sought to show cognitive mapping's tangible usefulness as an expedient tool for strategic analysis, using smart cities as a complex object of study. To this end, various cognitive maps were constructed and compared using the Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) approach.FindingsCognitive mapping's advantages and limitations in the strategic visualization research context are analyzed and discussed.Originality/valueThe authors know of no prior work reporting comparative analysis of this methodological approach in the same research context.
Comprehensive investigation of microstructural inhomogeneity in the bonding zone of explosive-welded AISI 410S/A283GrD composite

ABSTRACT This study investigates the microstructural inhomogeneity in the bonding zone of AISI 410S/A283GrD explosive-welded plate by experiment and simulation. The interfacial microstructure and chemical components are investigated, and the difference of grain size across the peak and valley is studied separately. Due to severe plastic deformation and work hardening during the explosive welding process, the microhardness of the combination area adjacent to the interface is higher than that of parent plates. The wavy interface of the numerical simulation is in good agreement with the experimental observation. The numerical simulation results, such as distribution of shear stress, pressure, and effective plastic strain rate of the model are investigated, and the forming reason of interfacial microstructures, are explained by these results. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Polymer-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanosheet Cluster and Its Application for Water Purification

A series of nitrogen-doped carbons (NCs) were prepared by the pyrolysis (300–900 °C) of crystalline polyazomethine (PAM) synthesized via a facile condensation reaction in methanol solvent. The controlled solvent evaporation resulted in PAM crystals in the form of nanosheet clusters with a sheet thickness of ~50 nm. Such architecture was maintained after pyrolysis, obtaining porous CNs of high specific surface areas of up to 700 m2/g. The resulting NCs were used as absorbents to remove aromatic Rhodamine B from water. The NC that pyrolyzed at 750 °C exhibited the highest adsorption capacity (0.025 mg/mg), which is attributed to its high surface area and surface condition.
The hullabaloo of schooling: the influence of school factors on the (dis)continuation of lesson study

ABSTRACT This study examines which school factors schools report influence their (dis)continuation of lesson study, a professional development initiative, and how after a four-year, cross-school lesson study project ends. To examine this, the framework on three types of school factors (features of employment, malleable school processes and fixed school characteristics) and the concept of organisational routines are used. Semistructured interviews were held with 21 teachers and 15 school leaders from the 14 schools who participated in the project. Findings show schools reported nine school factors that influenced their (dis)continuation of lesson study after the project: five features of employment (part-time appointment, turnover, (un)planned leave of absence, work location and beginning teachers), three malleable processes (policies on improvement, scheduling and school finances), and one fixed school characteristic (school size). School factors were reported to constrain schools from making lesson study a repeated practice in the school, performing its core features, and ensuring collective attendance. Two narrative portraits revealed that the simultaneous occurrence of school factors made continuing with lesson study especially complex and limited schools’ ability to move beyond shortened and simplified initiatives to more rich and meaningful professional development.