Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DICHOTOMOUS MARKOV NOISE: EXACT RESULTS FOR OUT-OF-EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS

Nonequilibrium systems driven by additive or multiplicative dichotomous Markov noise appear in a wide variety of physical and mathematical models. We review here some prototypical examples, with an emphasis on analytically-solvable situations. In particular, it has escaped attention till recently that the standard results for the long-time properties of such systems cannot be applied when unstable fixed points are crossed in the asymptotic regime. We show how calculations have to be modified to deal with these cases and present a few relevant applications — the hypersensitive transport, the rocking ratchet, and the stochastic Stokes' drift. These results reinforce the impression that dichotomous noise can be put on par with Gaussian white noise as far as obtaining analytical results is concerned. They convincingly illustrate the interplay between noise and nonlinearity in generating nontrivial behaviors of nonequilibrium systems and point to various practical applications.
COMPARISON OF THE ANXIOLYTIC EFFECTS

Comparison of the anxiolytic effects of bitter orange (Citrus and Diazepam before ophthalmic a clinical ABSTRACT Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that affects the comfort and health of the patient. Surgery-related anxiety is defined as the specific stress, the patient experience when exposed to surgery. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of citrus Aurantium and diazepam on the preoperative anxiety of patients who were candidates for ophthalmic surgery. In this single blind clinical trial study, a total of 67 patients who referred to Bou Ali Sina hospital (Sari, Iran) for ophthalmic surgery were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups. The night before surgery, the patients of group 1 (33 cases) received 100 cc of citrus Aurantium blossom distillate while the patients in group 2 (34 cases) received 1 diazepam pill (5 mg) dissolved in 100cc water. The level of patients’ anxiety was measured by using Spielberger Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before intervention, and the next morning (immediately after entering the operating room).
An Explanation of Universality in Growth Fluctuations

Phenomena as diverse as breeding bird populations, the size of U.S. firms, money invested in mutual funds, and the scientific output of universities all show unusual but remarkably similar growth fluctuations. The fluctuations display characteristic features, including heavy tails and anomalous power law scaling of the standard deviation as a function of size. Many theories have now been put forward to explain this, all of them based on modifications and extensions of proportional growth of subunits. We analyze data from bird populations, firms, and mutual funds and show that the growth fluctuations match a Levy distribution very well. This was previously suggested by Wyart and Bouchaud and Gabaix, but until now never tested. However, we show that their theory (and indeed all previous theories) are ruled out, at least for these three data sets, because they require size distributions that are too heavy tailed. We introduce a simple additive replication model, in which groups (such as firms) grow by replacing each of their members by a random number of new members. To demonstrate how the individual growth fluctuations can be heavy-tailed even though the sizes are not, we propose a model based on stochastic influence dynamics over a scale-free contact network, and show that it produces the correct behavior. We generalize the model to the case where some groups are preferred over others, and show that this can lead to a breakdown of the anomalous scaling, which appears to be observed for some other data sets.
Intelligent selection of concrete bridge superstructure construction methods in Egypt

The selection process of bridge superstructure construction methods in Egypt currently depends on experts' knowledge, experience and intuition and is not supported by systematic procedures. This means that the decisions made can be sub-optimal, not taking account of all the necessary considerations. Invariably, these are cost, schedule and quality problems. This thesis is concerned with the development of a decision support system that provides a systematic and structured framework to improve the current selection process of bridge superstructure construction methods. [Continues. ]
Examining the Moderating Role of Own and Family Religiosity on the Relations Between Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms in Sexual Minority Latinx Youth

Relative to their heterosexual peers, sexual minority youth experience significant mental health disparities. This, in part, is due to prejudicial encounters (e.g., discrimination, victimization) because of their sexual minority status, and potential compounding stressors from prejudicial experiences related to their ethnic minority status, which could lead to worse mental health outcomes due to intersecting minority stress processes. Surprisingly, even though religiosity has been identified as a protective factor in the general literature for adolescents and young adults, few studies have examined whether religiosity serves as a potential buffer of the relations between stress and mental health outcomes in sexual minority Latinx youth. Thus, the goals of this study were to examine: (1) whether ethnic discrimination and sexuality discrimination have additive or interactive effects on depressive symptoms, and (2) whether self or family religiosity moderate the relations between discrimination and depressive symptoms, in a sample of 377 sexual minority Latinx youth (Mage = 20.29, SD = 2.61, age range 14-24). Results showed that there was no interactive effect between ethnic discrimination and sexuality discrimination in predicting depressive symptoms. There was a significant interaction between own religiosity and sexuality discrimination in predicting depressive symptoms, in which own religiosity was negatively associated with depressive symptoms only at low level of sexuality discrimination. No significant interaction emerged between own religiosity and ethnic discrimination. Finally, there were significant interactive effects between family religiosity and discrimination (ethnic and sexuality), in which family religiosity was negatively associated with depressive symptoms only at average and low level of discrimination. These findings highlight the importance of examining the intersection of religion, sexuality, and Latinx minority status in relation to mental health outcome.
THE ACCURACY OF DIAGNOSING CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA BY COLPOSCOPY AND ITS RELATED INFLUENCING FACTORS

Background: Colposcopy-directed biopsy is a basic method for diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of colposcopy in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)and cervical cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 700 patients who underwent colposcopy examination and biopsy under direct vision in our hospital in January 2018 and November 2019. The pathological results of colposcopy diagnosis and biopsy were compared, and the influence of high-risk HPV results and cervical cytology results on the accuracy of colposcopy diagnosis of cervical diseases was. Results: From a total number of 700 patients, there were 100 patients (14.3%) had pathological diagnosis of low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and 96 (13.7%) had pathological diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer, 429 (61.3%) cases diagnosed by colposcope met the accuracy diagnosis by pathological biopsy. The overdiagnosis rate by colposcopy was noticed in 25.7% (180/700) cases, and the lack of diagnosis rate was observed in 13.0% (91/700) cases. high-risk HPV-negative patients who underwent colposcopy diagnosis accuracy rate (68.2%), the high-risk HPV-positive patients was (60.3%), however the difference was not significant. Conclusion: The specificity and positive predictive value of colposcopy in the diagnosis of high-grade lesions are high, and biopsy guided by colposcopy should be performed to avoid missed diagnosis of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. When HPV was positive in high risk, the specificity of normal colposcopic diagnosis and positive predictive value were high, and if cytology was low change, especially at ASCUS, biopsy could be considered to be avoided. When high risk HPV is positive, the accuracy of colposcopy in diagnosing normal or low-grade lesions is associated with cytological results to some extent, but cytological results are not enough to bypass biopsy.
Effect of Probiotic Supplementation Along With Calorie Restriction on Metabolic Endotoxemia, and Mega Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Double Blind Placebo Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

Purpose: Dysbiosis has been associated with increased microbial translocation, leading to chronic inflammation in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It has been proposed that modulation of gut microbiota by probiotic might modify metabolic endotoxemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on metabolic endotoxemia, and marker of inflammation in CVD subjects. Methods: This study was a 12-weeks randomized, double-blind, and intervention on 44 patients with CVD. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either one LGG capsule 1.6 ×109 colony-forming unit (CFU) or the placebo capsules for 12 weeks. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: A significant decrease in IL1-Beta concentration (-1.88 ± 2.25, vs. 0.56 ± 1.58 mmol/L, P=0.027), and LPS levels (-5.20 ±2.70 vs. 2.96+ 5.27 mg/L, P=0.016), was observed after the probiotic supplementation compared with the placebo. Subjects who had ≥2.5 kg weight loss showed signiﬁcantly improved in some variables, compared to patients with <2.5 kg weight reduction, regardless of the supplement they receive.Conclusion: These data provide preliminary evidence that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on metabolic endotoxemia, and mega inflammation in subjects with CVD.
Collagen-Induced Arthritis Crucial Roles in the Regulation of Mouse Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Play

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are of myeloid origin and are able to suppress T cell responses. The role of MDSCs in autoimmune diseases remains controversial, and little is known about the function of MDSCs in autoimmune arthritis. In this study, we clarify that MDSCs play crucial roles in the regulation of proinﬂammatory immune response in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. MDSCs accumulated in the spleens of mice with CIA when arthritis severity peaked. These MDSCs inhibited the proliferation of CD4 + T cells and their differentiation into Th17 cells in vitro. Moreover, MDSCs inhibited the production of IFN- g , IL-2, TNF- a , and IL-6 by CD4 + T cells in vitro, whereas they promoted the production of IL-10. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs reduced the severity of CIA in vivo, which was accompanied by a decrease in the number of CD4 + T cells and Th17 cells in the draining lymph nodes. However, depletion of MDSCs abrogated the spontaneous improvement of CIA. In conclusion, MDSCs in CIA suppress the progression of CIA by inhibiting the proinﬂammatory immune response of CD4 + T cells. These observations suggest that MDSCs play crucial roles in the regulation of autoimmune arthritis, which could be exploited in new cell-based therapies for human rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 191: 000–000. experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and monocytic MDSCs, on used granulocytic
SYMMETRY ACTUATED CLOSED-LOOP HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS

This paper extends the theory of controlled Hamiltonian systems with symmetries due to [23, 9, 10, 6, 7, 11] to the case of non-abelian sym- metry groups G and semi-direct product conﬁguration spaces. The notion of symmetry actuating forces is introduced and it is shown, that Hamiltonian systems subject to such forces permit a conservation law, which arises as a controlled perturbation of the G -momentum map. Necessary and suﬃcient matching conditions are given to relate the closed-loop dynamics, associated to the forced Hamiltonian system, to an unforced Hamiltonian system. These matching conditions are then applied to general Lie-Poisson systems, to the example of ideal charged ﬂuids in the presence of an external magnetic ﬁeld ([20]), and to the satellite with a rotor example ([9, 10]).
Effect of Pudina ( Mentha arvensis ) Leaf Powder on Biochemical Parameters in White Leghorn

The A feeding trial was conducted for a period of 12 weeks duration to evaluate the effect of graded levels of pudina leaf powder supplementation on serum biochemical parameters in laying hens. A total number of 120 White leghorn laying hens of 36 weeks old were randomly divided in a completely randomized design into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates of 5 birds each. The laying hens of treatment groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 were supplemented with feed containing 0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg of pudina leaf powder respectively. The trial was conducted for a duration of 12 weeks (36 -47 weeks age group). At the end of trial, blood samples were collected to study serum-biochemical parameters. The results of the experiment revealed that serum total protein, albumin, globulin and HDL-cholesterol were significantly (P<0.05) increased and the concentration of serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, AST and ALT were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in groups supplemented with pudina leaf powder. The overall best performance was recorded in treatment group supplemented pudina leaf powder at 10.0 g/kg. It can be concluded that pudina leaf powder supplementation improves serum biochemical levels with no adverse effect on liver and kidney functions.
Suppression of superoxide anion and elastase release by C 18 unsaturated fatty acids in human neutrophils of and

The structure-activity relationship of 18-carbon fatty acids (C 18 FAs) on human neutrophil functions and their underlying mechanism were investigated. C 18 unsaturated (U)FAs potently inhibited superoxide anion production, elastase release, and Ca 2 1 mobilization at concentrations of , 10 m M in formyl- L -methionyl- L -leucyl- L -phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils. However, neither saturated FA nor esterified UFAs inhibited these neutrophil functions. The inhibitory potencies of C 18 UFAs decreased in the following order: C 18 :1 . C 18 :2 . C 18 :3 . C 18 :4. Notably, the potency of attenuating Ca 2 1 mobilization was closely correlated with decreasing cellular responses. The inhibitions of Ca 2 1 mobilization by C 18 UFAs were not altered in a Ca 2 1 -containing Na 1 -deprived medium. Significantly, C 18 UFAs increased the activities of plasma membrane Ca 2 1 -ATPase (PMCA) in neutrophils and isolated cell membranes. In contrast, C 18 UFAs failed to alter either the cAMP level or phosphodiesterase activity. Moreover, C 18 UFAs did not reduce extracellular Ba 2 1 entry in FMLP- and thapsigargin-activated neutrophils. In the of neutrophil by C 18 UFAs to Ca 2 1 of PMCA. We suggest that both the free carboxy group and the number of double bonds of the C 18 UFA structure are critical to providing the potent anti-inflammatory proper-ties
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS FOR STUDY OF COSSERAT ELASTIC SOLIDS AND OTHER GENERALIZED ELASTIC CONTINUA

The behavior of solids can be represented by a variety of continuum theories. For example, Cosserat elasticity allows the points in the continuum to rotate as well as translate, and the continuum supports couple per unit area as well as force per unit area. We examine experimental methods for determining the six Cosserat elastic constants of an isotropic elastic solid, or the six Cosserat relaxation functions of a Cosserat viscoelastic solid. We also consider other generalized continuum theories (including micromorphic elasticity, Cowin's void theory, and nonlocal elasticity). Ways of experimentall y discriminating among various generalized continuum representations are presented. The applicability of Cosserat elasticity to cellular solids and fibrous composite materials is considered as is the application of related generalized continuum theories. I Introduction The classical theory of elasticity is presently used in engineering analyses of deformable objects at small strain. However there are other continuum theories for linear isotropic materials. Some have more freedom, and some have less freedom than classical elasticity. The various continuum theories are all mathematically self consistent. Therefore a discrimination among them is to be made by experiment. It is the purpose of this article to explore the physical consequences of various continuum theories, and how these consequences may be used in the design of experiments to discriminate among the theories. The constitutive equations for several theories are presented, and some of the salient consequences of each theory are stated and discussed. Some of the causal physical mechanisms associated with each theory are briefly discussed. Experimental methods for evaluating materials as generalized continua are presented, with emphasis on Cosserat elasticity. The treatment is restricted to linearly elastic behavior; study of Cosserat plasticity and related issues is presented elsewhere in this volume. A discussion of experimental aspects of generalized continua is considered particularly appropriate in view of the fact that most of the work done thus far in generalized continuum mechanics has been theoretical.
Spatio-Temporal Integration in the Visual System.

Abstract : A new model for temporal and spatial encoding in the visual system is developed and presented. Three series of experiments were conducted to validate the model. The experiments used (1) a TV display of random, dynamic noise, and (2) a specially designed stimulus generator which produces very large homogeneous visual fields which can be easily modulated to reproduce a large variety of temporal waveforms having a rise time longer than 1 ms. The obtained results support the proposed model. The principal findings are: (1) Time integration of the eye is locally controlled at the retina and has very fast dynamics. (2) The obtained CFF curves suggest a correlation between the frequency at which maximum sensitivity is obtained and the sensitivity itself. (3) As predicted by the model, temporal bands are developed in the visual system for stimuli showing temporal discontinuity points. The width of the temporal bands was measured and a strong correlation was found between the temporal band width and the integration time. The width of the temporal bands is a function of the luminance level of the bands; the width is not dependent on the stimulus slope. The apparent brightness of the temporal band is, however, dependent on the slope of the stimulus.
A New Contactless Bubble/Slug Velocity Measurement Method of Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Small Channels

A new contactless bubble/slug velocity measurement method of the gas–liquid two-phase flow in small channels is proposed by extending the contactless conductivity detection technique to the contactless impedance detection (CID) technique. Two kinds of CID sensors with different constructions (tubular construction and radial construction) are developed to obtain the total impedance information (the real part, the imaginary part, and the amplitude) of the gas–liquid two-phase flow. Two bubble/slug velocity measurement systems with different constructions, the tubular three-electrode velocity measurement system and the radial four-electrode velocity measurement system, are developed. With the obtained total impedance information, three initial estimation values of the bubble/slug velocity are determined by the principle of the cross correlation velocity measurement. Then, with the real-time flow pattern identification result implemented by the fuzzy C-means, a corresponding velocity measurement model [which is the linear combination of the three initial estimation values of the bubble/slug velocity and is developed by the penalty function method and the Davidon–Fletcher–Powell algorithm] is applied to obtain the final bubble/slug velocity. Two groups of the bubble/slug velocity measurement system prototypes with three different inner diameters are developed. The bubble/slug velocity measurement experiments are carried out. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective. For the two bubble/slug velocity measurement systems with different constructions, the maximum relative errors of the bubble/slug velocity measurement are all less than 4.5%. The research results also indicate that making full use of the total impedance information is an effective approach to improve the accuracy of the velocity measurement.
Medical Association

The A.M.A. President-Elect NEW HONORS came to California this year when Dr. Dwight Harrison Murray was unanimously elected President-Elect of the American Medical Association. When he takes office in the summer of next year, Dr. Murray will be only the fifth Californian to become President of the Association in the 108 years since it was founded. The others from this state who have received the rare honor: Thomas Logan of Sacramento, in 1873; R. Beverly Cole, San Francisco, in 1896; Ray Lyman Wilbur, Stanford University, in 1923; and John W. Cline, San Francisco, in 1951. In personal qualifications and in apprenticeship and long service in medical organization work, Dr. Murray is exceptionally well equipped to continue the tradition of outstanding leadership established by the Californians who have preceded him. Dr. Murray-"Murph" to his many friendsbegan by holding office in the Napa County Medical Association not long after he opened general practice in Napa following discharge from the Navy at Mare Island in 1922. His separation from service brought to a close a tour of duty that had begun in 1917 upon his graduation from the University of Indiana Medical School. He was president of his county medical association, then a delegate to the California Medical Association. He was named chairman of the C.M.A. Committee on Public Policy and Legislation in 1940 just at the beginning of strong political drives for socialization of medicine in California. It was in that capacity that his great talent for honest persuasion came into full use. The very attributes that gave him easy rapport with patients and that made him an outstanding physician in his own community were of great value also in dealing with legislators. Warm, friendly, gentle, understanding and tireless, Dr. Murray came to be looked upon in legislative circles as the epitome of all the qualities they most admired in physicianship. His willingness .
University of Birmingham An evaluation of My Strengths Training for Life™ for improving resilience and wellbeing of young people experiencing homelessness

This community ‐ based study investigated whether (1) a novel sport psychology informed positive youth development program, My Strengths Training for Life ™ , improved resilience and well ‐ being and (2) young people differed in outcomes according to demographics (gender, ethnicity, social inclusion, and learning difficulty). A total of 246 young people ( M age = 19.74, SD = 2.31) living in a large housing service completed questionnaires on demographics, mental skills, and pre and postprogram resilience and well ‐ being. Baseline differences in resilience and well ‐ being existed for ethnicity and learning difficulty status but did not influence MST4Life ™ outcomes. There was a significant improvement in resilience and well ‐ being over time, which was associated with mental skills development. Implications apply for policy, program commissioners, and research: (1) novel sport psychology interventions can improve the well ‐ being of disadvantaged youth, and (2) demographics at baseline should be considered in intervention planning and evaluation with this population. The ‐