Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio and sonological findings in predicting severe cholecystitis

Background: The aims and objectives of the study was to assess the utility of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and ultrasound findings to predict severe cholecystitis and to identify an NLR, PLR cut off value that discriminates between simple and severe cholecystitis.Methods: A prospective observational time bound study was conducted with sample size of 100 patients from December 2019 to January 2021. Severe cholecystitis was defined as cholecystitis complicated by secondary changes like haemorrhage, gangrene, emphysema, abscess, perforation, carcinoma. NLR, PLR values were calculated from absolute neutrophil count and absolute lymphocyte count. All patients underwent ultrasound abdomen by the same radiologist and findings were grouped into three categories, luminal, mural and pericholecystic changes. Intraoperative findings, Histopathological examinations were also taken into account. Data was analysed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) Software Version 22. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was employed to identify optimal NLR, PLR cut off values and to predict combined accuracy of NLR, PLR and Ultrasound findings to predict severe cholecystitis.Results: In our study, 23% patients had severe cholecystitis. The mean age of patients was 46 years. 65% were females. Presence of calculi and presence of multiple calculi was higher in patients with severe cholecystitis (p value 0.25) calculated using Chi square test. Ultrasound findings of luminal, mural and pericholecystic changes were also found to be higher in severe cholecystitis (p<0.001). Mann whitney test showed mean NLR, PLR higher in severe cholecystitis. A Cut off NLR of 3.75 had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 77.92%. Length of hospital stay in patients with severe cholecystitis was longer.Conclusions: NLR of 3.75 is a cut off value to predict severe cholecystitis and prolonged length of hospital stay. Combined Predictive Accuracy of NLR, PLR, Ultrasound findings was 91%. Ultrasonography is a reliable, specific diagnostic tool.
Using Environmental Issues for Essay Writing Class: The Students’ Views and Challenges

Environmental degradation is real and presents threats to all living habitat on earth. Thus, the inclusion of environmental issues for a language class is close to a must. This paper is intended to describe 1) the students’ perspective on using environmental topics for essay writing class, and 2) their problems when writing essay. The study uses a case study design. There were 17 students participated in the research. The instruments were interview and chat documentations. The data were collected in June 2021. All data are in the form of words and sentences. The result shows that 1) most of the students said that the environmental issues are informative, important, useful, needed, effective, real, and educative. The use of environmental issues helps them to enhance their environmental awareness; 2) almost all students have psychological problems when writing an essay, such as anxiety, nervousness, the feeling of pressure in timed writing, self- demand of perfect work, and low self-confidence. Yet, the psychological problems might be triggered by the demand of more readings about environmental issues to make the essay convincing. The result implies that content-based material discussing environmental topic should be incorporated into EFL writing class. Keywords: environment, essay, issues, problems, views
Caprine haemonchosis: optimism of breeding for disease resistance in developing countries

ABSTRACT Haemonchosis is one of the major parasitic infestations in small ruminants and one of the significant causes for loss of production, morbidity and mortality in young sheep and goats. Conventional strategies for the control of haemonchosis involve breaking the life cycle of the worm using anthelmintic drugs, pasture management and animal management. However, indiscriminate and wide use of anthelmintic compounds may attribute to the development of resistance in the parasites. Therefore, a sustainable strategy needs to be implemented to effectively control haemonchosis in goats. One of the ways to achieve this is to breed animals for disease resistance. There are various genetic loci identified in goats that can be uzed as genetic markers to select resistant animals. However, their direct utilization in developing nations and field situations may be difficult due to the higher cost of gene based selection and multifactorial nature of the trait. Hence, breeding for nematode resistance in goats will require a more integrated approach using indicator traits to identify resistant breeds/lines/ animals and then adopting gene-based selection for organized farms.
Conspiratorial thinking in the Latino community on the 2020 election

Political knowledge is the cornerstone of a functional representative democracy, but belief in conspiracy theories disrupts that connection and may be dangerous with consequences for democracy. Pundits and politicians have speculated about the cause and effect of misinformation and conspiracy theories, but no work has examined what causes beliefs in conspiracy theories or misinformation among Latinos specifically. In a unique survey of Texas Latinos prior to the 2020 election, we find belief in conspiracy theories is most related to support for Donald Trump and greater reliance on Spanish-language media and social media. The results highlight how conspiratorial thinking manifests in specific ethnic groups and the need to counter those beliefs in Spanish-language media.
PROFILE OF CREATIVE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT (ECED) TEACHERS OF THE 21 CENTURY

This study aims to examine the profile of creative teachers in the 2I century to provide an overview of best practices. This research uses a qualitative approach (case study) with interviews and observations as data collection techniques and thematic analysis as analysis techniques. Researchers conducted research on 3 ECED teachers who already had a good track record in teaching as participants in Tasikmalaya Regency. This study shows the synchronization of interview and observation data related to the characteristics of ideal creative teachers in the 2I century. It showed the attitude of teachers who could carry out a good internalization process, understand children's characteristics, are sensitive to children's conditions, are cheerful, humorous, fun, open, knowledgeable, flexible, good at communicating, and innovative in the practice of teaching children. The findings of this study show the characteristics of teachers who can evaluate themselves to continue to make improvements in the teaching process accompanied by coaching and building a supportive work environment.
CORRELATION BETWEEN CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGIC FEATURES OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end stage renal disease in Thailand. Renal biopsy remains the gold standard investigation to diagnose and classify diabetic nephropathy. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between clinical parameters and renal pathology classification among patients with type 2 diabetic and nephropathy. Methods: We conducted an observational study and enrolled 63 patients undergoing renal biopsy between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018. Pathologic classification established by the Renal Pathology Society was used to assess the severity of histologic lesions in diabetic nephropathy. Clinical parameters including age, sex, duration, presence of diabetic retinopathy, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, urine protein creatinine ratio, fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1C were collected. Results: At the time of biopsy, mean age was 50.25±11.46 years. Median duration of diabetes mellitus was 10 years with interquartile range (IQR) 3.75-12.00 years, mean serum creatinine was 2.44 ± 1.31 mg/dL and estimated glomerular filtration rate was 22.41±12.16 mL/min/1.73 m2. Based on the glomerular classification, 1 patient (1.6%) was in class I, 16 (25.3%) in class II, 25 (39.7%) in class III and 21 (33.3%) in class IV. Using multivariate analysis, class IV was associated with rising serum creatinine compared with class II [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)= 2.58; 95% CI= 1.13-5.89]. Patients with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) <25%, 25-50% and >50% were observed in 10, 27 and 22 patients, respectively. Patients with IFTA >50% were significantly associated with duration of diabetes (OR=1.27; 95%CI=1.21-1.57), serum creatinine (OR=3.92; 95%CI=1.34-11.48) and urine protein (OR= 1.25; 95%CI=1.01-1.55) compared with patients with IFA<25%. Using multivariate analysis, only serum creatinine (AOR=3.48; 95%CI=1.23-12.65) was confirmed as independently correlated to IFTA >50% compared with IFTA <25%. A univariate analysis revealed no significant correlation between vascular indexes and renal function. Conclusion: The results revealed that advanced glomerular lesions and high IFTA >50% correlated with impaired renal function in type 2 diabetic nephropathy
Management of basal cell carcinoma: our experience at tertiary care institute

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow growing, locally invasive and most common skin cancer. Its etiology is mostly linked to exposure to U.V. rays in sunlight. Diagnosis is mostly clinical and wide local excision is main treatment modality.Methods: The study was conducted on 50 cases of BCC diagnosed at Sri Guru Ramdas University of Health Sciences during a study period extending from January 2013 to January 2021. In the present study various variables associated with BCC i.e. age, gender, size, site, and histopathology were studies.Results: The present study was conducted on 50 patients of BCC. Total number of males was 32 (64%) and there were 18 (36%) females. Mean age of patients presented with BCC was 65 years and SD=14.054. It was observed that most common site of lesion was infra orbital region 12 (24%). Size of lesion varied from 1 to 3 cm and wide local excision with flap was most commonly performed procedure at our Institute. Nodular sclerosing was observed to be the most common histopathological type accounted for 35 (70%) of total cases.Conclusions: BCC is a common surface malignancy amenable to early detection and potential cure. Infra orbital region is most common site and nodular sclerosing is most common histopathological type. Wide local excision remains the heart of treatment.
Generation of Test Cases Using Combinatorial Methods Based Multi-Output Domain of an Embedded System through the Process of Optimal Selection

—the most important issue in any of the black-box testing is production of required test cases from input domain of the system under test (SUT) on the beginning of user’s specification than on a multi output domain of a system. However, for some of the systems including embedded systems, test cases can be derived from output domain more easily than from the input domain, especially, when the output domain is minimal. This methodology ensures better reliability of the SUT. In this paper, the authors present an Optimal Selection Procedure (OSP) to choose the output values from multiple domains to derive the minimal number of test cases from a multi output domain embedded systems. In this paper a pilot project “Temperature Monitoring and Controlling of Nuclear Reactor System” (TMCNRS) has been considered as Multi output domain embedded system for experimentation. Newly proposed algorithm generates test cases which are useful to conduct pseudo-exhaustive testing to detect all possible faults in the system output. The generator considers all the combinations from multiple output domains, and finds the corresponding inputs while optimizing the number of test cases generated. The Experimental results show that this approach is very effective and is applicable for different an embedded system that deals with multi-output domains.
Development of New Sound Insulation Simulation Technology Using Finite Element Method for Efficiency of High Aspect Ratio Core in Low Frequency Range

: Nowadays, meta-materials are being studied to reduce vehicle interior noise. But it has not yet been found effective meta-materials at low frequencies below 500Hz. A panel with one core which has an excellent sound insulation where the higher the height of the core, the better the sound insulation characteristics have been founded. And so, depending on the core height, a structure with one core which is effective even at 500hz or less may be obtained. If the core height is high, it cannot be obtained by press forming, so the origami forming has been developed. Use of FEM which is versatile for shape of structure is effective for analysis of the plate with core or with sound absorbing material. Although the FEM analysis for sound insulation analysis was difficult, so far, two methods have been developed. Here these two methods to a flat plate and a flat plate with sound absorbing material to grasp their characteristics are compared and applied. And then the more versatile method is selected for sound insulation analysis to plates with one core which are formed by origami forming. As a result, it is shown that a plate with one core is effective for sound insulation characteristics at the low frequency below 500Hz depending on the balance between plate thickness and core height. At last, it is shown the core shape that maximizes the integral value of the sound insulation characteristic from 0 Hz to 500 Hz by an optimal analysis.
SEROPREVALENCE OF Neospora caninum AND Toxoplasma gondii INFECTIONS IN A DAIRY CATTLE FARM FROM SOUTH-EAST OF ROMANIA

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are two closely related protozoan parasites that can cause reproductive disorders in ruminants. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii infections in a dairy cattle farm in South-Eastern Romania. For this, a total of 157 blood samples from 84 dairy cows and 73 heifers with reproductive disorders were analyzed for N. caninum specific antibodies. In addition, of these, 127 samples (54 dairy cows and 73 heifers), were also analyzed for T. gondii specific antibodies by using commercial ELISA kits. Overall, 5.1% (95% CI: 1.66-8.54) and 11.8% (95% CI: 6.20-17.42) of tested animals were seropositive for N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively, and 1.6% (95% CI: 0.59-3.74) were positive for both parasites. The apparent seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively, according to the analyzed category, varied between 7.1% and 9.3% (dairy cows) and from 2.7% and 13.7% (heifers). These results emphasize the need of periodical screenings for N. caninum and T. gondii infections, associated with applying appropriate control measures, in the frame of good management practices.
Laban based Semantic Annotation and a Digital Archive Platform for Dance Videos

In this work, we propose Spatio-Temporal Laban Features: a novel motion descriptor based on Laban Theory and provide a platform to document, analyse and annotate performed dance. Dance is an indispensable part of our life. It has accompanied social and religious events, ceremonies, rituals, celebrations, etc throughout our history. However, dance evolves, it is very susceptible to creative changes by practitioners. Being a part of our cultural heritage, especially classical and folk dance, it needs to be preserved to track it’s evolution through time. With the boom in popularity of media platforms, multimedia content has permeated virtually every aspect of our lives. The volume of user-generated content on the web has skyrocketed, and unlike before, dance is also leaving behind more trail than ever. However, the majority of such content is undocumented primarily due to high costs associated with the time and the resources required annotate such data manually or through sensors. We leverage the advancements in Machine Learning to reduce these costs and automate motion indexing. We create a semantically searchable dance database with support for Labanotation generation, automatic annotation, and retrieval. Our approach is built on a thorough review of Laban Theory which is a very popular annotation system based on movement analysis. We apply a pose estimation module to retrieve pose and generate Labanotation over recorded videos. Labanotation provides us with a comprehensive annotation system that we use to generate our novel motion descriptor and it can be further exploited to build an ontology as well. It is also very relevant for the preservation and digitization of online resources, especially for dance cultural heritage, which has been our focus in this work. We built a semi-automatic annotation model that generates semantic annotations over a big video database. We combine two publicly available ballet datasets and test our model on it. High-level concepts such as ballet pose and steps are used to make the semantic library. These also act as descriptive meta-tags for any ballet video making the videos retrievable using a semantic text or even a video query. The ﬁnal platform thus allows a user to generate and study the form of any dance sequence using Labanotation as well as search for particular steps to learn from a video database.
Occurrence of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick 1917) on tomato varieties cultivated under protected structures in Lesotho

Tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta, is the most devastating pest of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). A study which determined severity of T. absoluta on tomato varieties, population dynamics and correlation between T. absoluta and weather parameters under high tunnel and shade net was conducted in Lesotho. Data was subjected to SPSS and analyzed using descriptive analysis. Results under high tunnel showed that the population of T. absoluta on pheromone lures was highest with 29 adults. Tomato leaves had mild damage from T. absoluta. There was a positive non-significant correlation between weather parameters and T. absoluta with R of 0.649. Under shade net; there was a moderate damage by T. absoluta, and the highest population on pheromone traps was 285 adults. T. absoluta and temperatures had a negative non-significant correlation while correlation between relative humidity had positive and significant relationship with R of 82%.
Evaluating health related quality of life among hypertensive patients: An educational intervention study

The health care sector has shown increased interest in humanistic outcomes of therapy. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) evaluation among patients receiving treatment for chronic diseases is now widely applied. Hence, the effect of education on the HRQOL of hypertensive patients was evaluated in two tertiary health facilities; FMC, Yenagoa and NDUTH, Okolobiri in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Trained Pharmacist interviewed willing hypertensive patients between 21-80 years of age at the cardiology clinics of the health facilities using the MINICHAL questionnaire which is specific for hypertension. A convenient sampling technique was adopted. Demographic characteristics were also obtained. The responses (425) were analyzed and observed. To evaluate the effect of drugs and educational intervention, an interactive health talks on hypertension was held at their cardiology clinic weekly for six weeks. Two months later the questionnaire was re-administered. The responses post intervention (297) was analyzed. The results were then compared. The MINICHAL rates HRQOL as best=0 to worst=51. HRQOL score of 12.96 to 8.00 in FMC Yenagoa and 8.70 to 8.55 in NDUTH Okolobiri, pre and post intervention respectively was observed. Though not significant (P=0.3998), the study revealed that educational intervention brought about a positive trend in demographic characteristics. Age, marriage and education were indicated as strong indicators of HRQOL. Educational intervention on hypertension improves patient’s HRQOL. Patients’ education and counseling should be a continuous tool in patient management.
Do Police Crackdowns Disrupt Drug Cryptomarkets? A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Effects Of Operation Onymous

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of online illicit markets where participants can purchase and sell a wide range of goods and services such as drugs, hacking services, and stolen financial information. Second-generation markets, known as cryptomarkets, provide a pseudo-anonymous platform from which to operate and have attracted the attention of researchers, regulators, and law enforcement. This paper focuses on the impact of police crackdowns on cryptomarkets, and more particularly on the impact of Operation Onymous, a large-scale police operation in November 2014 that targeted many cryptomarkets. Our results demonstrate that cryptomarket participants adapt to police operations and that the impact of Operation Onymous was limited in time and scope. Of particular interest is the finding that prices did not increase following Operation Onymous, even though many dealers retired shortly after it occurred.
Fractional Binding in Vector Symbolic Representations for Efﬁcient Mutual Information Exploration

—Mutual information (MI) is a standard objective function for driving exploration. The use of Gaussian processes to compute information gain is limited by time and memory complexity that grows with the number of observations collected. We present an efﬁcient implementation of MI-driven exploration by combining vector symbolic architectures with Bayesian Linear Regression. We demonstrate equivalent regret performance to a GP-based approach with memory and time complexity that is constant in the number of samples collected, as opposed to t 2 and t 3 , respectively, enabling long-term exploration.
Abstractive Multi-document Summarization using Topical Simplicial Curves

We explore the eﬀectiveness of simplicial curves, a word-representation method that is context-sensitive, motivated by its intrinsic mathematical properties (e.g., diﬀerentiation and ease of combining representations), in the multi-document summarization task. We use the DUC 2006 and DUC 2007 multi-document summarization corpora. The generated summaries are compared with the reference summaries using the ROUGE-1, ROUGE-2 and ROUGE-L evaluation metrics. Compared to the ROUGE-1 score of 0.29 of the simplest chosen baseline, our method achieves a ROUGE-1 score of 0.04, falling below our expectations. We conclude with an exploration of the obtained results and suggest other applications of the simplicial curves method.