Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of ingestive behaviour, body measurements, thermal imaging, heart rate and blood pressure to predict dry matter intake in grazing dairy cows

The objective of this study was to develop and validate models to predict dry matter intake (DMI) of grazing dairy cows using animal energy sinks and status traits in combination with traits related to grazing behaviour, body measurements, thermal imaging, heart rate and blood pressure. The dataset used to develop the models comprised 33 measurements from 113 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Multivariable regression models were constructed incorporating each independent variable into a benchmark model incorporating the energy sinks (milk yield [MY], fat %, protein % and body weight [BW]) and status traits (feeding treatment, parity and calving day of year). Of the 33 variables tested, 10 showed an association with DMI (P < 0.25). These variables were incorporated into a backward linear regression model. Variables were retained in this model if P < 0.05. Grazing bout duration and rumination mastication rate were retained in the final model. The inclusion of these variables in the model increased DMI prediction by 0.01 (coefficient of determination [R2] = 0.85) compared to the benchmark model alone (R2 = 0.84). The models were applied to data recorded on an independent herd of 51 dairy cows. The R2 upon validation was 0.80 for the benchmark model and 0.79 for the model incorporating rumination mastication rate and grazing bout duration in combination with the benchmark variables. The separation of grazing bout duration and rumination mastication rate to predict DMI revealed rumination mastication rate slightly increases predictive accuracy upon external validation (R2 = 0.81), whereas grazing bout duration did not (R2 = 0.78). This suggests that grazing bout duration is not a robust trait for DMI prediction. Results from this study suggest that rumination mastication rate can slightly increase the accuracy of DMI prediction surpassing known energy sinks and status traits.
Quantifying Trailing Edge Flap Control Capability on Wind Turbines in a Controlled Environment

As wind turbine diameters continue to increase, the cyclic loading experienced by the turbine blade due to wind shear and yaw misalignment increases dramatically hindering the development of larger more eﬃcient turbines. Based on current literature, controlling a section of the trailing edge of the turbine blade was found to reduce cyclic loading. To quantify the load control capability of a trailing edge ﬂap (TEF), an experimental rig was designed to evaluate a TEF on a 3.5 m diameter wind turbine operating under diﬀerent tip speed ratios, yaw angles and blade pitch angles inside a large wind generation facility. The TEF was tested at two diﬀerent spanwise locations r/R=0.66 and 0.82. The instrumented blade was capable of measuring rotor torque, ﬂapwise/edgewise blade root bending moment, and normal force coeﬃcient at two diﬀerent spanwise locations r/R=0.66 and 0.82. The experimental results show that the use of a TEF was capable of manipulating the normal force coeﬃcient by 40% and the ﬂapwise bending moment by 20%. The relationship between the TEF angle and both blade bending moment and normal force coeﬃcient was linear for all the cases tested. The results also show that when the TEF was centered at r/R=0.82 it could control the turbine loading more eﬀectively. The results presented here prove that the TEF is capable of reducing cyclic loading on wind turbine blades.
Comparing Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 top of atmosphere and surface reflectance in high latitude regions: case study in Alaska

Abstract Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 images is an effective approach to obtain high spatiotemporal resolution data for Earth observation and remote sensing modeling. The differences between Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 products, such as the reflectance at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and land surface, should be compared and evaluated to make sure they are spectrally consistent. Their consistency has been evaluated and the differences have been empirically corrected at mid-low latitudes, but in high latitude areas with a higher solar zenith angle (SZA), the similar work has not been explored. In this study, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 TOA and surface reflectance in Alaska as well as some surface parameters, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference snow index (NDSI), were compared using the massive data distributed on Google earth engine (GEE) online platform, and their consistency was evaluated and the uncertainty was analyzed. Some empirical models were suggested to convert Sentinel-2 products to be consistent with Landsat-8 products at all bands. The results show that TOA reflectance is more consistent than surface reflectance in Alaska. This study suggests that the consistency between Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 at high latitudes should be paid more attention because their consistency is lower than that at mid-low latitudes.
COVID-19 Reveals Opportunities for Better Care of Stroke Patients.

0.069) (Figure 1). Lengths of stay and complication rates in the rehabilitation centers were similar for both time periods (p≥ 0.186). Functional recovery in moderately affected patients was the same (F=2.6; p=0.11) whereas severely affected patients achieved a better functional recovery during the intervention (F=4.4; p= ,036; ηp2=0.011) (Figure 2). Admission capacity data were collected in one hospital, and a possible confounding seasonal effect was considered on the basis of data from 2018 and 2019. These control analyses showed that admission capacities or seasons of the year did not systematically affect latencies between transfers. Further information can be found at https://osf. io/wpcfd/? view_only=e52cff91bf5a4b458b5e87507acff38e In Germany, about 19 million hospital treatments and 2 million inpatient treatments in neurorehabilitation centers are delivered each year, a fifth of which are provided as postacute rehabilitation measures after acute care (1). Postacute rehabilitation is indicated particularly after severe disease courses. Its start is often delayed, however, as health insurers require an application for rehabilitation. It is not known how this application process affects the overall treatment duration and outcomes. On 24 March 2020, the Federal Ministry of Health ruled that, “During the current coronavirus pandemic it is imperative that inpatient beds should not be occupied unless this is absolutely necessary. (.) The process of postacute rehabilitation will temporarily be changed to a process of direct transfer by hospitals. (.) Hospitals therefore consider the requirements for participation in postacute rehabilitation and organize the transfer to postacute rehabilitation without waiting for the responsible health insurance company to approve their application for this service. ” This suspension ended on 31 May 2020.
Mechanism of Mobilization Zn and Pb by Earthworm(Eisenia foetida) in Three Soils

The effects of Eisenia foetida on the mobilization of Zn or Pb were studied using pot experiments in three soils(Cinnamon soil,Aquic brown soil and Acid brown soil) spiked with 100,200 and 400(mg/kg) Zn and 200,400 and 800(mg/kg) Pb,respectively.The results showed that soil pH was increased by earthworm in Acid brown soil spiked with Zn or Pb and Cinnamon soil with Pb,but decreased in Cinnamon soil with 100 and 200(mg/kg) Zn.Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in the three soils were significantly enhanced by earthworm.The concentration of DTPA extractable Pb was significantly increased by earthworm in Aquic brown,but no major impact on DTPA-Zn content.The concentration of DTPA extractable Zn or Pb in Acid brown soil with 200 and 400(mg/kg) Zn or Pb was significantly enhanced,but no significant difference was found in Cinnamon soil with Zn less than 400(mg/kg) or Pb less than 800(mg/kg) Pb.The concentration of DTPA extractable Zn or Pb in earthworm casts was higher than that in bulk soils.The mobilization rate of Zn and Pb was over 52% and 47% in earthworm casts and below 8% and 23% in bulk soils,respectively.The concentration of DTPA extractable Zn or Pb in soil was in positive linear correlation with it in earthworm casts and with the concentrations of DOC in three soils,but in negative linear correlation with soil pH.The results indicated that earthworm might mobilize heavy metal in soil through gut digestion and metabolism.
Learning in the COVID-19 Era: Higher Education Students and Faculty's Experience with Emergency Distance Education

Purpose: The main aim of the study is to student and faculty’s experience with emergency distance education in the higher education system at the time of COVID-19 Research Methodology: This research has employed a quantitative approach where survey questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The data was collected from teachers and students separately. The sample of teachers was 916 and the sample of students was 4623. For both the questionnaires, three point and five point Likert scale was used to record the responses. SPSS was used to analyse the data with the help of frequency analysis and correlation analysis. Findings: The results of this research have indicated that emergency distance education tends to impact learning experience of teachers and students in Jeddah. The quantitative findings of this study have suggested that supportive and efficient infrastructure is important for the purpose of ensuring smooth learning in the COVID-19 era. Limitations/ Implications: This research has been carried out in the context of Jeddah hence the scope of the research was restricted. The results of this research are only applicable for higher education system in that geographical region
MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) SEEDLINGS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED DROUGHT CONDITIONS

Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (oil palm) production is threatened by drought due to climate change and anthropogenic deforestation. This study aims to understand how drought conditions contribute to changes in foliar nitrate-nitrogen concentration as well as the effects on the growth and development of oil palm seedlings. Seventy oil palm seedlings were maintained in a screen house and subjected to simulated drought conditions. There was a significant reduction in the number of leaves with increased drought exposure from 10 to four per plant. Oil palm leaves exposed to higher drought levels had less broad leaves, with leaf area ranging from 133.25-172.22 cm 2 compared to the control (383.73 cm 2 ). The foliar yield per plant was low in plants exposed to extreme drought condition (2.27 g), compared to 71.98 g in the control. Moreover, total drought-exposed oil palm seedlings had the highest concentration of nitrate-nitrogen. E. guineensis exposed to no-drought conditions had more roots (18 roots) than those exposed to total or partial drought (6-10 roots per plant). Overall, there was a decrease in height, leaf area and the number of leaves for most of the seedlings exposed to drought condition, which might be detrimental to their photosynthetic ability and growth.
Detailed Investigation of Spectral Vegetation Indices for Fine Field-Scale Phenotyping

Spectral vegetation indices (VIs) are a well-known and widely used method for crop state estimation. These technologies have great importance for plant state monitoring, especially for agriculture. The main aim is to assess the performance level of the selected VIs calculated from space-borne multispectral imagery and point-based field spectroscopy in application to crop state estimation. The results obtained indicate that space-borne VIs react on phenology. This feature makes it an appropriate data source for monitoring crop development, crop water needs and yield prediction. Field spectrometer VIs were sensitive for estimating pigment concentration and photosynthesis rate. Yet, a hypersensitivity of field spectral measures might lead to a very high variability of the calculated values. The results obtained in the second part of the presented study were reported on crop state estimated by 17 VIs known as sensitive to plant drought. An alternative approach for identification early stress by VIs proposed in this study is Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results show that PCA has identified the degree of similarity of the different states and together with reference stress states from the control plot clearly estimated stress in the actual irrigated field, which was hard to detect by VIs values only.
INTRAARTICULAR STEROIDS IN TREATMENT OF JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic response to triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) injections in the knee of children with JIA. Material and methods : 46 joints of 42 children undergoing intra-articular injections were randomly treated with either TH or TA depending on the availability of the drug. A good response was defined as the decrease in articular score of 60% from the baseline and the ultrasound absence of synovitis. Clinical, laboratory variables were noted to examine possible predictive factors of the result. Results : Of 42 children with JIA, the most common was the oligoarticular persistent form in 24 (57.1%) children. Six-month remission was observed in 21.4 % of children, TA vs. TH: 36.8% vs. 8.7% (p=0.02). The absence of signs of knee inflammation within 12 months was found in 23.8% of children, after the application of TA vs. TH: 31.6% vs. 17.4% (p=0.28). However, long-term, a twenty-four-month remission was achieved in 52.4% of children – in twice as many children after TH (69.9%) than after TA application (31.6%) (p=0.03). A statistically significant correlation was observed between articular score values and duration of remission after TH application, (r=0.56, p=0.006; 95%CI: 0.145-0.80). Two children developed side effects in the form of subcutaneous atrophy at the site of injection, one girl developed transient crystal synovitis after TH applications. Conclusion: This study has shown that intraarticular steroid injections are safe for the treatment of joint inflammation in JIA,and TA is effective in short-term follow-up where TH is an optimum choice in long-term follow-up.
A visible and label-free colorimetric sensor for miRNA-21 detection based on peroxidase-like activity of graphene/gold-nanoparticle hybrids

A visible and label-free colorimetric sensor for microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) detection was developed based on the peroxidase-like activity of graphene/gold-nanoparticle (Au-NP) hybrids which could be flexibly controlled by using single-stranded PNA-21 (ssPNA-21). The spontaneous absorption of ssPNA-21 on graphene/Au-NP hybrid surfaces causes the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of hybrids to be almost completely deactivated via π–π stacking interactions between ssPNA and graphene, so that TMB could not be oxidized to oxTMB in the presence of H2O2, leading to no color change. The addition of miRNA-21 triggered a hybridization reaction between the PNA probe (ssPNA-21) and miRNA-21. The decrease of the exposed base groups could lead to the release of PNA/DNA duplexes from the hybrid surface, which would restore the catalytic activity of hybrids with a concomitant colorless-to-blue color change. As a result, this sensor emitted a low background signal and responded linearly to miRNA-21 from 10 nM to 0.98 μM with a detection limit of 3.2 nM (S/N = 3) under the optimal conditions. In addition, the biosensor could be also extended to miRNA-21 detection in human serum. Therefore, this colorimetric sensor platform is a potential alternative assay for miRNA detection in biomedical research.
Institutional duality and human resource management practice in foreign subsidiaries of multinationals

We examine how institutional context affects the decisions that subsidiaries of multinational corporations (MNCs) make in pursuing particular human resource management (HRM) practices in response to institutional duality. Drawing on Varieties of Capitalism, along with the concept of intermediate conformity, we argue that the use of particular HRM practices by MNC subsidiaries will differ depending on both the combination of home and host institutional contexts, and on the nature of the particular practice under consideration. Using data from a survey of HRM practices in 1196 firms across 10 countries, we compare HRM practices in subsidiaries located and head-quartered in different combinations of liberal and/or coordinated market economies. Our study suggests MNC subsidiaries conform only to the most persuasive norms, while exercising their agency to take advantage of the opportunities presented by institutional duality to adopt practices that distinguish them from indigenous competitors. Our study has important implications for MNC managers and their understanding of the mechanisms behind MNC practice. MNCs have to confront national level influences when developing consistent HRM practices across their operations. Managers of MNCs continually face pressures to readjust their HRM systems in order to operate in a global context. They do so in the midst of a continuing debate on standardisation versus localisation (Lazarova et al, 2016) . In turn, HR and line managers need to be adequately trained to handle such readjustments effectively. They may also need to establish organisational policies specific to the institutional settings in which the firm operates. The results of this study may help them in this endeavour. For example, understanding the differences between LME and NGD ‐ CME settings and the constraints or opportunities of moving from an LME to a NGD ‐ CME and vice versa, or recognising the idiosyncrasies of different NGD ‐ CME settings, could enable management in MNCs to more effectively deploy HRM provisions across institutional settings. Finally, our findings indicate pro-scribed and prescribed single HRM practices across a range of contexts, suggesting that managers of MNCs should consider the notion of ‘intermediate conformity’ as a guide to negotiating the implementation of HRM practices and policies that may be less common but yet acceptable in the subsidiary setting.
From visual rhetoric to multimodal argumentation: exploring the rhetorical and argumentative relevance of multimodal figures on the covers of The Economist

Visual rhetoric is more often than not identified with the search for patterns of visual form and content which convey meaning in ways that resemble the meaning construed by known rhetorical figures. Despite the numerous proposals for the classification of figures construed verbally or visually, there has been no systematic attempt to account for the different ways in which these may contribute to the argumentative structure of persuasive messages. In this article, the author studies comparatively the figures of metaphor, antithesis and allusion, cued visually or verbo–visually in the multimodal genre of front covers. He starts from the assumption that the front cover constitutes a multimodal argument in the sense that it invites the reader to buy the specific issue on the grounds of the featured story and the stance that the editors express over it. The goal is to identify the semiotic configurations that distinguish one figure from the other, and to establish conditions under which these figures can be shown to contribute meaning that serves the argument conveyed by the front cover.
Women’s movement in the United States today

The article discusses the content and the history of modern women’s movement in the USA. The review of the American sociological literature was conducted to make a definition of the term “women’s movement”. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the main periods in the development of the women’s movement that are referred to by the American researchers as waves. The review of the history of the women’s movement identified and characterized three waves of the women’s movement in the Unites States based on their goals, scale of activity, methods and results of the struggle for the gender equity in the American society. The author analyzed the large-scale network of American women’s organizations and formulated their typology based on their goals and functions. The article outlines the perspectives of the American modern women’s movement further development.
What Makes Adolescents Free Time Use Differently?

This study examined allocation of adolescents’ free time differs depending on financial and spatial availability by exploiting the exogenous change on the school day. Using Korea Time Use Survey data, I found that adolescents allocate free time created by Saturday without school to mainly leisure activities. I also found that adolescents’ private education and social activity time are not affected by parents’ income, but adolescents living in big (small-medium) cities spend more time on private education, social and cultural activities (screen-based activities). These results suggest that the determinants of adolescents’ free time allocation differ from those of their time use patterns, and reducing the education environment heterogeneity by region is important in bridging adolescents’ inequality of educational opportunity. Subject classification codes: I24, I28, J13, J22
A New Iterative Scheme for Approximation of Fixed Points of Suzuki's Generalized Nonexpansive Mappings

In this paper, we introduce a new iteration scheme, named as the S**-iteration scheme, for approximation of fixed point of the nonexpansive mappings. This scheme is faster than Picard, Mann, Ishikawa, Noor, Agarwal, Abbas, Thakur, and Ullah iteration schemes. We show the stability of our instigated scheme and give a numerical example to vindicate our claim. We also put forward some weak and strong convergence theorems for Suzuki's generalized nonexpansive mappings in the setting of uniformly convex Banach spaces. Our results comprehend, improve, and consolidate many results in the existing literature.
The Impact of Self-Congruity and Evaluation of the Place on WOM: Perspectives of Tourism Destination Residents

Residents’ voluntary word-of-mouth (WOM), especially positive WOM, is scarcely investigated. Since different human–place relationship factors influence residents’ WOM, further understanding of how residents evaluate the place affects their voluntary behaviors is essential. Using PLS-based structural equation modeling, this study investigates the linkages between residents’ self-congruity, place satisfaction, engagement, expectations, and WOM. Results based on 313 residents of Ljubljana (Slovenia) and Pula (Croatia) suggest that (1) place satisfaction and place expectations only directly affect one-to-one positive WOM; (2) actual and ideal self-congruities affect place satisfaction, engagement, and expectations; (3) place engagement has a substantial direct impact on both one-to-many and many-to-many WOM; and that (4) actual and ideal social self-congruities have a direct influence on many-to-many WOM. In general, this study adds to the literature by detailing how different WOMs are motivated by various factors via different psychological mechanisms.