Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Green Peas in X-Rays

Green Peas represent a population of compact, highly star-forming dwarf galaxies at redshifts z ∼ 0.2–0.3 that have recently been found to show signatures of ultraviolet ionizing radiation leakage. They are being considered as analogs to high-redshift star-forming galaxies, possibly responsible for cosmic reionization. Despite intensive studies of Green Peas in the ultraviolet and optical domains, their X-ray properties have only so far been probed by nearby analogs. In this paper, we present the first measurements of Green Peas in the X-ray domain to constrain their spectral properties and fluxes at high energies. We analyzed XMM-Newton observations of three Green Pea sources. For two of them, we found an X-ray luminosity exceeding by a half-order of magnitude its predicted value, derived from the star formation rate and metallicity. Only an upper limit of the X-ray luminosity was derived for the third studied galaxy. Our results indicate that at least some Green Peas produce copious amounts of highly energetic photons, larger than detected in other star-forming galaxies. We discuss possible physical scenarios for the measured X-ray excess, including the presence of a hidden active galactic nucleus, a larger population of X-ray binaries, or ultra-luminous X-ray sources. Future spatially resolved X-ray images will discriminate between the models. Larger Green Pea samples will provide a possible link between the X-ray properties and the leaking ultraviolet radiation.
The Coevolution of Massive Quiescent Galaxies and Their Dark Matter Halos over the Last 6 Billion Years

We investigate the growth of massive quiescent galaxies at z < 0.6 based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Smithsonian Hectospec Lensing Survey, two magnitude-limited spectroscopic surveys of high data quality and completeness. Our three-parameter model links quiescent galaxies across cosmic time by self-consistently evolving stellar mass, stellar population age-sensitive Dn4000 index, half-light radius, and stellar velocity dispersion. Stellar velocity dispersion is a robust proxy of dark matter halo mass; we use it to connect galaxies and dark matter halos and thus empirically constrain their coevolution. The typical rate of stellar mass growth is , and dark matter growth rates from our empirical model are remarkably consistent with N-body simulations. Massive quiescent galaxies grow by minor mergers with dark matter halos of mass and evolve parallel to the stellar mass–halo mass (SMHM) relation based on N-body simulations. Thus, the SMHM relation of massive galaxies apparently results primarily from dry minor merging.
THERMAL MODEL FOR ADAPTIVE COMPETITION IN A MARKET

New continuous and stochastic extensions of the minority game, devised as a fundamental model for a market of competitive agents, are introduced and studied in the context of statistical physics. The new formulation reproduces the key features of the original model, without the need for some of its special assumptions and, most importantly, it demonstrates the crucial role of stochastic decision making. Furthermore, this formulation provides the exact but novel nonlinear equations for the dynamics of the system.
Stellar feedback and the energy budget of late-type Galaxies: missing baryons and core creation

In a ΛCDM cosmology, galaxy formation is a globally inefficient process: it is often the case that far fewer baryons are observed in galaxy discs than expected from the cosmic baryon fraction. The location of these ‘missing baryons’ is unclear. By fitting halo profiles to the rotation curves of galaxies in the SPARC data set, we measure the ‘missing baryon’ mass for individual late-type systems. Assuming that haloes initially accrete the cosmological baryon fraction, we show that the maximum energy available from supernovae is typically not enough to completely eject these ‘missing baryons’ from a halo, but it is often sufficient to heat them to the virial temperature. The energy available from supernovae has the same scaling with galaxy mass as the energy needed to heat or eject the ‘missing baryons’, indicating that the coupling efficiency of the feedback to the ISM may be constant with galaxy virial mass. We further find that the energy available from supernova feedback is always enough to convert a primordial cusp into a core and has magnitude consistent with what is required to heat the ‘missing baryons’ to the virial temperature. Taking a census of the baryon content of galaxies with 109 < Mvir/M⊙ < 1012 reveals that ∼86 per cent of baryons are likely to be in a hot phase surrounding the galaxies and possibly observable in the X-ray, ∼7 per cent are in the form of cold gas, and ∼7 per cent are in stars.
Exploring the inner parsecs of active galactic nuclei using near-infrared high resolution polarimetric simulations with MontAGN

Aims: In this paper, we aim to constrain the properties of dust structures in the central first parsecs of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Our goal is to study the required optical depth and composition of different dusty and ionised structures. Methods: We developed a radiative transfer code, MontAGN, optimised for polarimetric observations in the infrared. With both this code and STOKES, designed to be relevant from the hard X-ray band to near-infrared wavelengths, we investigate the polarisation emerging from a characteristic model of the AGN environment. For that purpose, we compare predictions of our models with previous infrared observations of NGC 1068, and try to reproduce several key polarisation patterns revealed by polarisation mapping. Results: We constrain the required dust structures as well as their densities. More precisely, we find out that the electron density inside the ionisation cone is about $2.0 \times 10^9$ m$^{-3}$ . With structures constituted of spherical grains of constant density, we also highlight that the torus should be thicker than 20 in term of K band optical depth to block direct light from the centre. It should also have a stratification in density, with a lesser dense outer rim with an optical depth at 2.2 {\mu}m typically between 0.8 and 4 for observing the double scattering effect previously proposed. Conclusions: We bring constraints on the dust structures in the inner parsecs of an AGN model supposed to describe NGC 1068. When compared to observations, this leads to optical depth of at least 20 in Ks band for the torus of NGC 1068, corresponding to $\tau_V \approx 170$, which is within the range of current estimation based on observations. In the future, we will improve our study by including non uniform dust structures and aligned elongated grains to constrain other possible interpretations of the observations.
A Very High Energy γ-Ray Survey toward the Cygnus Region of the Galaxy

We present results from deep observations toward the Cygnus region using 300 hr of very high energy (VHE) γ-ray data taken with the VERITAS Cerenkov telescope array and over 7 yr of high-energy γ-ray data taken with the Fermi satellite at an energy above 1 GeV. As the brightest region of diffuse γ-ray emission in the northern sky, the Cygnus region provides a promising area to probe the origins of cosmic rays. We report the identification of a potential Fermi-LAT counterpart to VER J2031+415 (TeV J2032+4130) and resolve the extended VHE source VER J2019+368 into two source candidates (VER J2018+367* and VER J2020+368*) and characterize their energy spectra. The Fermi-LAT morphology of 3FGL J2021.0+4031e (the Gamma Cygni supernova remnant) was examined, and a region of enhanced emission coincident with VER J2019+407 was identified and jointly fit with the VERITAS data. By modeling 3FGL J2015.6+3709 as two sources, one located at the location of the pulsar wind nebula CTB 87 and one at the quasar QSO J2015+371, a continuous spectrum from 1 GeV to 10 TeV was extracted for VER J2016+371 (CTB 87). An additional 71 locations coincident with Fermi-LAT sources and other potential objects of interest were tested for VHE γ-ray emission, with no emission detected and upper limits on the differential flux placed at an average of 2.3% of the Crab Nebula flux. We interpret these observations in a multiwavelength context and present the most detailed γ-ray view of the region to date.
Study on the perception of nonlinguistic information of noise-vocoded speech under noise and/or reverberation conditions

: It has been known that noise and reverberation greatly aﬀect the perception of linguistic information, in particular speech intelligibility. However, the eﬀect of noise and reverberation on the perception of non-linguistic information has not been clariﬁed. We investigated how these types of disturbances aﬀect the perception of non-linguistic information (speaker individuality and vocal emotion) of noise-vocoded speech. We conducted speaker-distinction and vocal-emotion-recognition experiments using noise-vocoded speech created from the speech in noisy, reverberation, and noisy reverberant environments as stimuli. We used seven noise conditions (signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) = 1 ; 20 ; 15 ; 10 ; 5 ; 0 ; (cid:3) 5 dB) and six reverberation conditions (reverberation time ( T R ) = 0 : 0 ; 0 : 1 ; 0 : 3 ; 0 : 5 ; 1 : 0 ; 2 : 0 s). In both speaker-distinction and vocal-emotion-recognition experiments, the main eﬀects of noise and reverberation were signiﬁcant, but the interaction was not signiﬁcant. From these results, except for extremely poor sound conditions, under daily noise and reverberation conditions (an SNR of more than 10 dB and T R less than 1.0 s), there were no signiﬁcant eﬀects of noise and reverberation.
Propagation Characteristics of Two Coronal Mass Ejections from the Sun Far into Interplanetary Space

Propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun far into interplanetary space is not well understood, due to limited observations. In this study we examine the propagation characteristics of two geo-effective CMEs, which occurred on 2005 May 6 and 13, respectively. Significant heliospheric consequences associated with the two CMEs are observed, including interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs) at the Earth and Ulysses, interplanetary shocks, a long-duration type II radio burst, and intense geomagnetic storms. We use coronagraph observations from SOHO/LASCO, frequency drift of the long-duration type II burst, in situ measurements at the Earth and Ulysses, and magnetohydrodynamic propagation of the observed solar wind disturbances at 1 au to track the CMEs from the Sun far into interplanetary space. We find that both of the CMEs underwent a major deceleration within 1 au and thereafter a gradual deceleration when they propagated from the Earth to deep interplanetary space, due to interactions with the ambient solar wind. The results also reveal that the two CMEs interacted with each other in the distant interplanetary space even though their launch times on the Sun were well separated. The intense geomagnetic storm for each case was caused by the southward magnetic fields ahead of the CME, stressing the critical role of the sheath region in geomagnetic storm generation, although for the first case there is a corotating interaction region involved.
DEPARTAMENTALIZACIÓN EN EL APRENDIZAJE DEL DISCURSO ACADÉMICO: UNA EXPERIENCIA CHILENA PARA LA ALFABETIZACIÓN ACADÉMICA Y PROFESIONAL EN INGENIERÍA Y CIENCIAS

En Chile, el interés por el desarrollo de la Alfabetización Académica se inició durante las últimas dos décadas. Este interés nace a propósito del fenómeno de la expansión del sistema educativo universitario y de la demanda curricular por nivelar y evaluar las habilidades de escritura en la educación superior. En este contexto, la denominada Alfabetización Académica constituye un proceso de enculturación en torno a los códigos, discursos y convenciones disciplinares, que debe ser promovido y garantizado por las instituciones de educación superior. En este artículo se expone la descripción, fundamentación y metodología empleada para estructurar un Laboratorio de Escritura Académica y Profesional en una universidad chilena. Esta propuesta se sustenta en las experiencias de Centros de Escritura articulados en universidades del mundo anglófono. Con todo, la alfabetización académica se constituye en un imperativo ético para fortalecer la equidad e inclusión en las aulas universitarias.PALABRAS CLAVE: Educación superior. Alfabetización académica. Escritura. Laboratorio de escritura.
Towards precision constraints on gravity with the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure

We compare analytical computations with numerical simulations for dark-matter clustering, in general relativity and in the normal branch of DGP gravity (nDGP). Our analytical frameword is the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure (EFTofLSS), which we use to compute the one-loop dark-matter power spectrum, including the resummation of infrared bulk displacement effects. We compare this to a set of 20 COLA simulations at redshifts z = 0, z = 0.5, and z = 1, and fit the free parameter of the EFTofLSS, called the speed of sound, in both ΛCDM and nDGP at each redshift. At one-loop at z = 0, the reach of the EFTofLSS is kreach ≈ 0.14 Mpc−1 for both ΛCDM and nDGP. Along the way, we compare two different infrared resummation schemes and two different treatments of the time dependence of the perturbative expansion, concluding that they agree to approximately 1% over the scales of interest. Finally, we use the ratio of the COLA power spectra to make a precision measurement of the difference between the speeds of sound in ΛCDM and nDGP, and verify that this is proportional to the modification of the linear coupling constant of the Poisson equation.
Comparison of the Effects of Roasted and Boiled Red Kidney Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on Glucose/Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Immunity in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Murine Obesity Model.

Consumption of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is associated with beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism; however, the influence of the bean processing method on these health benefits is not well understood. To investigate this, we processed red kidney beans (RKBs), a variety of the common bean, by roasting and boiling and compared the physiological effects of the two preparations in male C57BL/6N mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The two RKB preparations differed mainly in their resistant starch content (roasted, 24.5%; boiled, 3.1%). Four groups of mice were fed for 12 weeks on a normal diet or a HFD (45 kcal% fat) supplemented with 10% control chow (HFD control group), 10% roasted RKB, or 10% freeze-dried boiled RKB. We found that intake of roasted RKBs prevented hypercholesterolemia and increased fecal IgA and mucin content compared with the HFD control group, while intake of boiled RKBs improved glucose tolerance. Both RKB preparations suppressed the HFD-associated increase in plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, which are markers of liver injury. Mice fed roasted RKBs showed significantly increased hepatic expression of cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase mRNA, suggesting that cholesterol suppression may be due to enhanced bile acid biosynthesis. In contrast, mice fed boiled RKBs showed significantly increased cecal content of n-butyric acid, which may be related to the improved glucose tolerance in this group. These results indicate that the method by which RKBs are processed can profoundly affect their health benefits.
Doing Embodied Mapping/s: Becoming-With in Qualitative Inquiry

Qualitative research often involves the collection of data from multiple sources, inclusive of the embodied and multisensorial. These differing data sources, that are not language based, pose difficulties for researchers. Often this multimodal data is collected alongside interviews, field notes and other language-based data and then translated into language. In the process of this translation, the embodied, relational, and multisensorial aspects of this data is often lost. To address this issue, we created Embodied Mapping/s (EM) as an approach for collecting, analyzing and becoming-with non-language-based data. This doing of embodied mapping/s is not about fixing lines and encounters in order to produce a two-dimensional cartography, plan or model; on the contrary it is about exploring differing embodiments and material relations among people and things to create a new inquiry in embodied and multisensorial research and methodologies. Embodied mapping/s suggests a need for a more holistic exploration of qualitative methodologies beyond language and visual communication. Through centralising embodiment, not only as an analytical method but also as something that informs innovative methodologies and methods, these doings of embodied mapping/s offer something novel to qualitative inquiry and embodied methodologies. To evidence the doing of embodied mapping/s, two multi-sited case studies in Canada will be explored—the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa; and the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg, to advance methodological insights in relation to multimodal and multisensorial research.
A HIFI preview of warm molecular gas around χ Cygni: First detection of H2O emission toward an S-type AGB star

Aims. A set of new, sensitive, and spectrally resolved, sub-millimeter line observations are used to probe the warm circumstellar gas around the S-type AGB star chi Cyg. The observed lines involve high rotational quantum numbers, which, combined with previously obtained lower-frequency data, make it posible to study in detail the chemical and physical properties of, essentially, the entire circumstellar envelope of chi Cyg. Methods. The data were obtained using the HIFI instrument aboard Herschel, whose high spectral resolution provides valuable information about the line profiles. Detailed, non-LTE, radiative transfer modelling, including dust radiative transfer coupled with a dynamical model, has been performed to derive the temperature, density, and velocity structure of the circumstellar envelope. Results. We report the first detection of circumstellar H2O rotational emission lines in an S-star. Using the high-J CO lines to derive the parameters for the circumstellar envelope, we modelled both the ortho-and para-H2O lines. Our modelling results are consistent with the velocity structure expected for a dust-driven wind. The derived total H2O abundance (relative to H-2) is (1.1 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5), much lower than that in O-rich stars. The derived ortho-to-para ratio of 2.1 +/- 0.6 is close to the high-temperature equilibrium limit, consistent with H2O being formed in the photosphere.
A Survey of MRAM-Centric Computing: From Near Memory to In Memory

Conventional von Neumann architecture suffers from bottlenecks in computing performance and power consumption due to frequent data exchange between memory and processing units. To overcome this issue, research on novel computing architectures including near-memory computing (NMC) and in-memory computing (IMC) has been accelerated based on emerging nonvolatile memory devices. Among various potential candidates, spintronic-based magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) has come into a research and development hotspot by its ultralow switching energy, nonvolatility, and superior endurance. This paper outlines the background, trends, and challenges involved in the development of MRAM-centric computing, and highlights the recent prototypes and advances in applications based on MRAM-NMC and MRAM-IMC.
Identify Criminal Records in Social Media using Sentiment Analysis

: Today it is important to recognize important criminal data hide in social media data within some unimportant text. It is also possible to hide criminal records in twitter data. So first it is required to unhide data. Next the analysis of these data are required for crime investigation. This process requires the knowledge of different techniques of steganography but also to analyse data for finding sentiment analysis of the data for finding criminal information. This paper initially reviews various techniques of data hiding and retrieval of data and then analysing data for finding criminal words using sentiment analysis. It is assumed here that the analysis is required for finding any criminal records hidden within the data.
Emission Signatures from Sub-parsec Binary Supermassive Black Holes. II. Effect of Accretion Disk Wind on Broad Emission Lines

We present an improved semi-analytic model for calculation of the broad optical emission-line signatures from sub-parsec supermassive black hole binaries (SBHBs) in circumbinary disks. The second-generation model improves on the treatment of radiative transfer by taking into account the effect of the radiation-driven accretion disk wind on the properties of the emission-line profiles. Analysis of 42.5 million modeled emission-line profiles shows that correlations between the profile properties and SBHB parameters identified in the first-generation model are preserved, indicating that their diagnostic power is not diminished. The profile shapes are a more sensitive measure of the binary orbital separation and the degree of alignment of the black hole mini-disks and are less sensitive to the SBHB mass ratio and orbital eccentricity. We also find that modeled profile shapes are more compatible with the observed sample of SBHB candidates than with our control sample of regular active galactic nuclei. Furthermore, if the observed sample of SBHBs is made up of genuine binaries, it must include compact systems with comparable masses and misaligned mini-disks. We note that the model described in this paper can be used to interpret the observed emission-line profiles once a sample of confirmed SBHBs is available but cannot be used to prove that the observed SBHB candidates are true binaries.
A Protective Model for Suicidal Behaviors in American and Pakistani College Students

There is a paucity of cross-national studies evaluating protective models for suicidal behaviors. Thus, using a behavioral framework, the purpose of this study was to examine whether higher levels of life-enhancing behaviors could mitigate or weaken the relation between depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors in United States and Pakistani college students. A total of 811 students (449 Pakistani and 362 U.S. students) participated in the study. Results indicated that the strength of the relation between depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors was stronger for U.S. students. In addition, the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors weakened in the presence of high engagement in life-enhancing behaviors. This effect was comparable in strength for American versus Pakistani students. The results offer preliminary evidence for life-enhancing behaviors as a protective factor for suicide across unique cultural settings and may serve as a valuable area of focus for secondary prevention programs.