Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potentially lower IPO underpricing indicated in Spanish family firms compared to non-family firms

Despite the importance and uniqueness of the family firm, there are a limited number of studies worldwide exploring how family firms are exposed to the phenomenon of the underpricing of initial offerings when go public. The aim of this paper is to study if the family nature of a company translates into a difference in the valuation of its Initial Public Offering (IPO) compared to non-family firms. The results show that, in the Spanish Stock Exchange, family firms experience underpricing in its initial offers, but this is significantly lower than the underprincing of non-family firms.
Formation of North-South Agreements and Institutional Distance

The number of signed trade agreements has increased tremendously in the 1990s. Also North-South agreements have increasingly been signed in this period. What explains the formation of those trade agreements? There is evidence that trade-creating and trade-diverting factors play an important role in explaining the formation of free trade agreements (FTAs). For example, similar economic size and a small distance between two trading partners increase the probability that those two countries form an FTA. However, this does not explain the formation of North-South agreements, where signatory states are characterized by differences in economic size and not necessarily by spatial proximity. Furthermore, in North-South agreements different motives might play a role for its formation, such as policy cooperation and non-pecuniary motives like fostering development in developing countries. Thus, also different factors should play a role for its formation. One important difference between developing and developed countries is their quality of institutions. This paper examines whether differences in institutional quality and the share of contract intensive goods traded between developed (North) and developing (South) countries play a role in the formation of bilateral trade agreements. This also relates to the motive of forming an agreement to foster development in countries where institutions still need to develop. The empirical analysis builds on existing empirical work on the formation of bilateral trade agreements in a panel. The results contribute in two ways. First, it provides further insides to the problem of endogenous trade agreements in other settings like the gravity approach. Second, it presents new rationales for the formation of North-South agreements and for developed and developing countries in detecting potential
Market Power, Inequality, and Financial Instability

Over the last four decades, the U.S. economy has experienced a few secular trends, each of which may be considered undesirable in some aspects: declining labor share; rising profit share; rising income and wealth inequalities; and rising household sector leverage and associated financial instability. We develop a real business cycle model and show that the rise of market power of the firms in both product and labor markets over the last four decades can generate all of these secular trends. We derive macroprudential policy implications for financial stability.
A Comparison of Danish and International Findings on Intergenerational Mobility

Intergenerational earnings mobility is an important issue, because the higher the mobility, the more opportunities are available to citizens and the easier it becomes to allocate economic resources in the most efficient way. The article provides a summary of studies of earnings mobility and makes a comparison with analyses on a Danish register data set. The earnings mobility between fathers/mothers and their sons/daughters is investigated, and shows that the father-son earnings persistence effect is found to be smaller in Denmark, Finland and Sweden than in the United States, but higher than in Norway.
Design and Assessment of Cavity Perturbation Method for Dielectric Constant Measurement

It has been observed that the heating due to high power delivery over Ethernet cables, affects signal transmission in the remote powered Ethernet (rpE) systems. Additionally, the thermal variation on the cables, sometimes due to extreme weather conditions, modifies the cable properties, impacting channel performance. In particular, the cable’s transmission parameters such as Return Loss, Attenuation, etc. are markedly influenced as a consequence of rapid heating and cooling cycles. However, to better understand how the cable’s transmission parameters drift, there is a need to investigate the changes in the cable primary parameters such as capacitance, resistance, conductance, etc. Then the cause of the modification, for instance, in the bulk capacitance, can then be established by investigating the permittivity of the dielectric materials. In this study, the dielectric constants of some pure dielectric samples were examined at 2.4GHz, using the Cavity Perturbation Method of the ASTM D2520-13. The tests thermally cycled the dielectric samples from an ambient temperature of +200C to a maximum of 700C and calculated the dielectric constant at a temperature below 700C and at room temperature. Results suggest permanent changes to the dielectric constant which did not revert to the baseline. The paper concludes with recommendations for further studies into the cabling dielectric properties.
The Forecasting of Agriculture Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs): Using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

: This study aims to predict agricultural exchange traded funds (ETFs) and exchange traded notes (ETNs) through grey relational analysis (GRA) and two types of artificial neural network (ANN) models, namely, back-propagation perception network model (BPN) and time delay recurrent neural network (TDRNN). Seven variables, namely, Euro, commodity research bureau index (CRB), put/call ratio, New York Stock Exchange composite index (NYA), short-term trading index, volatility index, and weather index (WINX), are applied. The results of GRA indicate that CRB and NYA have a strong effect on agricultural ETFs. Agricultural ETNs are strongly influenced by CRB, NYA, WINX, and Euro. The BPN model strongly suggests that using 10% of the data is the most suitable for forecasting, whereas the TDRNN model suggests the use of 33% and 50%. GRA and the ANN model strongly capture nonlinear trends and improve the precision in forecasting agricultural ETFs and ETNs.
Association between Knowledge and Drug Adherence in Patients with Hypertension in Saudi Arabia

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to determine the association between the knowledge of hypertension management and drug adherence for patients with Hypertension in Saudi Arabia. Method: The research involves a cross-sectional study in which 198 high-blood pressure patients from several (27) hospitals in seven Saudi Arabian cities: Riyadh, Dammam, Alahsa, Alqatif, Makkah, Jeddah, and Taif, were surveyed. A questionnaire, which was divided into three sections – demographic data, hypertension knowledge questions, and medication adherence, was used to collect data on how aware are the patients of managing hypertension. Descriptive statistics were utilized to determine patient’s demographic attributes and Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between disease familiarity and medication adherence. Results: Out of the 198 patients surveyed, about 58.08% (115 patients) were within the poor knowledge category; while, 132 (66.67%) were categorized as moderate adherent to medication. Only 15 (7.58%) patients were considered as being good adherents to hypertensive medication. The correlation coefficient between overall score of knowledge and that of medication adherence was -0.1889 (ρ<0.001), suggesting a converse relationship between overall knowledge cores and the level of medication adherence. Conclusion: While the scores of knowledge were overall poor, the patients were not sure of the benefits associated with continuous use of medication which leads to non-adherence to treatment regimens. Enlightening patients regarding the importance and associate gains of hypertensive medication and expounding on any doubts with regards to the use of drugs should lead to better treatment and management of hypertension.
Isolation and characterization of toluene metabolizing bacteria from the rhizospheres of indoor plants

In this study, two species of indoor foliage plants were primed with toluene exposure for two months, followed by isolation and identification of the rhizosphere bacteria that were demonstrated to metabolize toluene. A total of forty-two bacterial isolates were obtained and found similar to eight known bacteria strains, The bacterial isolates were positive for toluene monooxygenase gene, confirming their potential to metabolize toluene. Experiments with 14C-labeled toluene as the sole carbon source indicated that isolate type did not significantly affect the percent toluene mineralized, The toluene mineralization rate constant (b) was, however, significantly affected by both the isolate type and substrate concentration. Isolate 23 appears to be superior with regard to the speed with which toluene was degraded. The results showed in this study corroborates previous speculation that the rhizosphere microbial community contributes to the phytoremediation potential of indoor foliage plants.
Identification of Factors that Undermine the Teaching-Learning Process in the Subject of Physics at Secondary School Level

Teaching of Physics involves theoretical as well as practical skills development of students at secondary school level. The main aim of the study was to identify the factors that undermine the teaching learning process in the subject of physics. All secondary school’s science teachers were considered as population of the study. Two hundred (200) science teachers (100 each male and female) were selected as sample of the study through stratified random sampling techniques. Data was collected through a self-developed questionnaire of reliability coefficient 0.84 and were analyzed using statistical tools. The unavailability of physics teachers, laboratory, classrooms, related books were concluded undermining factors. Lake of physics teachers, and unfavorable working environment were found dominant in male teachers’ school than female. The educational authorities with the collaboration of community can play their role to overcome these undermining factors in the subject Physics.
Analisis Of Ceo Dualify Influence And Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) Toward Financial Performance Through Earning Management On Food & Beverage Company Listed In Indonesian Stock Exchange Period 2013 - 2017

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of CEO Duality and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on financial performance through earnings management in food & beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017. The data used in this study are secondary data, with the population being food & beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data is taken through the official website, annual report and financial statement of each published company. The number of food & beverage companies in Indonesia during 20132017 amounted to 18 companies with a total sample of 76 sample. The reason for Food & Beverage companies is becaus e they have more influence / impact on the surrounding environment as a result of the activities carried out by the company. Data analysis using path analysis to find out which is more dominant direct or indirect influence of free variables (exogenous) on endogenous variables (bound) through intervening variablesThe results of the study through multiple linear regression indicate that the food & beverage company CEO Duality and CSR will have a signif icant effect on ROA and ROE if the company conducts earnings management. While the relationship of each variable shows that CEO Duality has a negative and significant effect,t but CSR has a positive and not significant effect on earnings management. CEO Duality has a negative and significant effect on ROA and ROE, while CSR has a negative and not significant effect on ROA but has a negative and significant effect on ROE. Earning Management has a significant effect on ROA and ROE
Kansei reaction in evaluation of film impression Effects of audible information on the impression of short films

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristic of media which makes recipients who get to be pleased, and to support the media literacy of senders (who produce the video media) in the society. Most of all in media, it is known that the video resources give relatively strong influence to the recipients. Therefore, this study focused on the images and sounds which are representative component parts in video media. The main method of the study is to use an experimental process which is to present several visible and audible sources in four kinds of videos, and then the recipients selected the scale of feeling by their own emotion and evaluation of impression. A modified version of DES(Different Emotion Scale ; Izard,1971) and ten adjective pair scales of impression were also used in the study. As the result, the emotion of “Happiness” was related Warm-Cool of ten adjective scales by audible impression rather than visible impression. Namely, Factors that elicit the emotion of “pleasant (Happiness)” from recipients were deeply related to sound rather than image, furthermore, it has been affected by audible temperature.
Survey Of Robust Multisensor Datafusion Techniques For LiDAR And Optical Sensors On Autonomous Navigation

—A system is as good as its sensors and in turn a sensor is only as good as the data it measures. Accurate, optimal sensor data can be used in autonomous systems applications such as environment mapping, obstacle detection and avoidance, and similar applications. In order to obtain such accurate data we need to have optimal technology to read the sensor data, process the data, eliminate the noise and then utilize it. As part of this paper, we present a survey of the current data processing techniques that implement data fusion using various sensors like LiDAR, stereo/depth cameras and RGB monocular cameras and we mention the implementations or usage of this fused data in tasks like obstacle detection and avoidance or localization etc. In future, we plan on implementing a state-of-art fusion system, on an intelligent wheelchair, controlled by a human thought, without intervention of any of the user’s motor skills. We propose an efﬁcient and fast algorithm that senses and learns the projection from the camera space to the LiDAR space and outputs camera data in the form of LiDAR detection (distance and angle) and a multi-sensor and multi-modal detection system that fuses both the camera and LiDAR detections to obtain better accuracy and robustness.
Modeling and Analysis of Mood Dynamics∗

A nonlinear ordinary differential equation model of mood dynamics for illnesses on the bipolar spectrum is introduced. While this model ignores some key aspects of the illnesses, it does represent progress as it represents almost all those features considered by past models and more, and it is the first to include a range of cross-cutting features– while establishing the foundation for a general analysis of dynamics of mood disorders. In particular, we perform an analysis of conditions for mood to stabilize to euthymia (that have psychotherapeutic implications), and for pharmacotherapy to result in a switch from depression to mania when bipolar disorder was misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder and an anti-depressant is administered without a mood stabilizer.
An Evaluation of a Brief Mindfulness and Values Training on Cyber Bullying Behavior in College Students

Cyber bullying is associated with many negative outcomes for both the bully and the victim (Fahy et al., 2016; Kowalski et al., 2014; Merrell et al., 2008; Quintana-Orts & Rey, 2018). There has been a large research focus on the causes (Barlett & Gentile, 2012; Mehari & Farrell, 2018) and consequences (Fahy et al., 2016) of cyber aggression, but there has not been as much focus on the evaluation of prevention and intervention strategies (Gaffney et al., 2018). While cyber bullying is primarily targeted in adolescence, Tynes, Rose, and Markoe (2013) showed that online aggression occurs amongst university students as well, resulting in a decreased sense of belonging to the campus community. One intervention that shows promise for the reduction of cyber bullying behavior is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which uses several techniques, including mindfulness and values techniques, to increase psychological flexibility (Christie, Atkins, & Donald, 2017; Villatte et al., 2016; Zarling, Lawrence, and Marchman, 2015). The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief mindfulness and values training for reducing the frequency of cyber bullying behavior in college students. Focusing primarily on the mindfulness and values components of the ACT package to determine whether they will be enough to effectively reduce cyber bullying behavior through increased awareness, compassion, and goal-directed behavior. A preliminary analysis of the data showed a decrease in cyber bullying behaviors from pre-test to post-test which continued into the follow-up. No changes in mindfulness were observed.
Identifying Climate Change as a Factor in the Establishment and Persistence of Invasive Weeds in Agricultural Crops

Climate change may lead to extensive shifts in invasive weed distributions by impacting their colonization and persistence in new habitats. Th ese alterations will require an enhanced capacity to predict the future range of these species and the implementation of eff ective management strategies. Th is is particularly critical for agroecosystems where climate-induced changes in the composition and impact of weedy species are likely to add great uncertainty to the biodiversity, stability and productivity of these systems. In recent years, various modelling approaches have been employed to examine the current and potential distributions of invasive weeds at a range of scales in response to projected climate change. Th is chapter details the eff orts under way to map the distri butions of invasive weed species based on climate change projections for the USA. Th e chapter also identifi es specifi c agricultural
Performance of the ELF Antenna Water-Flow Tunnel

A water-flow tunnel for testing submarine-towed ELF antennas has been built. A year's operating experience with it shows that it can rapidly provide valuable test data attainable otherwise only slowly on submarines. Its thick aluminum shielding creates, within the tunnel, the electromagnetically quiet undersea environment; the pipe turbulence of the flow excites the antenna cable essentially uniformly along its length, as does the boundary layer turbulence of a cable under tow; and, using a bias winding on the antenna, the axial magnetic bias field can be varied to simulate heading changes.
A General Structure for Improving the Lifetime and Stability Period of Wireless Sensor Networks

Summary The issue of energy consumption and the age of the network is one of the essential features in the design of the wireless sensor network (WSN), which has led researchers in the field of networks and communications to work on innovative mechanisms to reduce energy consumption in these networks and prolong the lifetime. Experts have suggested several WSN-based clustering protocols, since most clustering protocols are homogeneous, and LEACH and M-GEAR are among the most common examples of these protocols. In this paper, we propose six models for the division of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), in each of these models we will distribute sensor nodes to four zones randomly in the field of the sensor area. We install the cluster heads (CHs) in the middle of the geometry shapes of each area, where the shape of the circle or square or both, will be used, and the location of the sink will be in the center of the sensor area. The sensor nodes that are located around the sink and within the geometric shape used will directly connect to the sink. The external nodes will contact the nearest CHs, and to determine the nearest CHs we will apply the Dijkstra's algorithm. For the average number of dead nodes, the square circle method achieved the best result (73.42), followed by the circle square method which got a result (79,66). The largest number of dead nodes showed when using one square only where the result was (97.15). We make a comparison between the outcomes and M-GEAR and LEACH protocols, our model (square circle) stabilizes energy use within sensor nodes. However, nodes in M-GEAR and LEACH do not stay alive for a long time, they die when the stability period is over.
The evolution of feeding mechanisms in early sauropodomorph dinosaurs

Sauropodomorph dinosaurs were the dominant terrestrial herbivores of the Late Triassic to Late Jurassic, but the early evolution of herbivory is poorly documented in this clade. In particular, the transition from the relatively simple feeding mechanisms of basal sauropodomorphs and prosauropods to the more complex feeding apparatus of sauropods has received little attention, owing largely to the paucity of basal sauropod material. Discoveries of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic sauropods and reinterpretation of sauropodomorph phylogeny have alleviated this problem, revealing new information on the sequence of character acquisitions that occurred during the origin of sauropods. The evolution of sauropod herbivory was intimately associated with concurrent trends towards increased body size and quadrupedal locomotion. Recognition of Jingyshanosaurus and Melanorosaurus as basal sauropods closes the morphological gap that existed between more advanced sauropods, such as Vulcanodon, and prosauropods.
GSTARX-GLS Model for Spatio-Temporal Data Forecasting

Up to now, there have not been found a research about Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) that involve predictor. In fact, forecasting model in many cases involved predictor(s) both in univariate and multivariate cases such as ARIMAX and VARIMAX models. Moreover, most research about GSTAR models used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) methods to estimate the parameters model. In many cases, the residuals of GSTAR model have correlation between locations and imply OLS method yields inefficient estimators. Otherwise, Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method that usually be used in Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model is an appropriate method for estimating parameters of multivariate models when the residuals between equations are correlated. The aim of this study is to propose GSTARX model with GLS method for estimating the parameters, known as GSTARX-GLS model. This research focuses on non metric predictor known as intervention variable. Theoretical study was carried out to develop new model building procedure for GSTARX-GLS model and the results were validated by simulation study. Then, the proposed model was applied for inflation forecasting at several cities in Indonesia. The results showed that GSTARX-GLS model yielded more efficient estimators than the GSTARX-OLS model. It was proved by the smaller standard error of GSTARX-GLS estimator. Additionally, GSTARX-GLS and GSTARX-OLS models gave more accurate inflation prediction in four cities in Indonesia than VARIMAX model.