Effect of Fenvalerate Synthetic Pyrethroid on a Certain Haematological Parameters of Freshwater Fish Channa marulius (Ham-Bach)

The present investigation was carried out to the ef f ct of Fenvalerate on haematological parameters in freshwater fish Channa marulius using standard methods. Fish was exposed to (1/4 th LC50) sub lethal concentration of Fenvalerate (0.086ppm) for 96h.The blood sample wer e obtained from both, control and experimental fish and assayed haematological parameters (Total Erythrocytes count , TEC; Total Leucocytes count, TLC; Haemoglobin, Hb ; Packed cell volume, PCV; Mean corpuscular volume, MCV; Mean Cor puscular Haemoglobin and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglo bin Concentration; MCHC). The result revealed that TEC, Hb percentage, PCV and MCHC counts were significan tly decreased, whereas TLC, MCV and MCH increased sligh tly in experimental fish. The study has thus indica ted marked changes in blood of Channa marulius after exposure to Fenvalerate. Key-wordsFenvalerate, Hematology, Channa marulius, Haemoglobin, Sub lethal -------------------------------------------------IJLSSR----------------------------------------------INTRODUCTION The blood parameters in fishes are influenced by ma ny factors viz. quality of water, temperature, the sex , size, season and age of fishes are directly reflected haematological parameters of the fishes (Bhagat et al., 1986). The study of fish blood parameters are impor tant for determining factors related to its physiological ca pacity (Affonso, 2001; Wells et al., 2005). Blood parameters are considered path physiological indicators of the whole body and therefore are impo rtant in diagnosis the structural and functional status of f ish exposed to toxicants (Adhikari et al., 2004). A number of hematological parameters such as RBC, WBC, and haemoglobin content and so on, are used to assess t h functional status of the oxygen carrying capacity o f the blood. Pollution of aquatic ecosystem by chemical u sed in industry and agricultural is increasing day by day. Access this article online Website: www.ijlssr.com DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2016. 2.3. 13 Quick Response Code: Due to injudicious and indiscriminate use of agroch emicals, fertilizers, pesticides, and insecticides to boost crop production with the sole aim of getting more yields . Water bodies like ponds, lakes and rivers are continuousl y getting polluted normally these pesticides reaches an aquatic environment through surface runoff and sedi m nt transport from treated effluents (Bauman, 1981). Direct application of pesticides to water bodies to control the inhabiting pests. Spray drift from normal agric ultural operation and through heavy rainfall. In all cases these chemicals may directly toxic as well as deteriorate th water quality by changing its physicochemical natur e and cause ecological imbalance leading to health hazard s to different types of aquatic organisms in general and fishes in particular (Tripathi, 1992). The herbicide can cau se death of fishes either directly or due to saturation by d estruction of food chain many herbicides have shown to effect the growth and reproduction of fishes with evidence of tissue damage (Dhasarathan et al., 2000). The present study was under taken to analyze the impact of 1/4 th sub lethal concentration of Fenvalarate on haematological para meters of fresh water fish Channa marulius (Ham Buch). Research Article (Open access) Int. J. Life. Sci. Scienti. Res., VOL 2, ISSUE 3 http://ijlssr.com IJLSSR © 2015 All rights are reserved Page 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS The fresh water fish Channa marulius weighing (15 ± 5 g) and length (10 ± 3 cm) were collected from Kan and Panzara river of Sakri Taluka (Dhule). Live fishes were brought to the laboratory and thoroughly washed und er tap water and acclimatized in laboratory conditions for 15 days. They were fed with standard fish diet (Tokyu grow certified company). Water in the tank was changes a fter 2 days of interval. Technical grade Fenvalerate (ISAG RO ASIA), 20% emulsifiable concentration (EC) was purchased from Sushil Agricultural pesticide and fe rtilizer Agency, Sakri for present study. The fishes were divided into a group, each group of ten healthy fishes were transferred to plastic tough ha ving capacity of 10 litres and they exposed to1/4 th sub lethal concentration of Fenvalerate (0.086ppm). One group was kept as control. At the end of exposure period the blood was collected in glass tube by cutting the caudal p eduncle, using EDTA as anticoagulant. Maximum 2ml blood was taken for haematological studies. The haematologica l parameters such as RBC, WBC, and Hb, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were estimated by using the methods described by Swarup et al., (2002). The RBC and WBC were counted by haemocytometer, Hb was determined by Sahil’s haemoglobinometer and PCV was measured by using Wintrobe’s tube. The Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration were calculated by equation.