Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
G268 Establishing Breast Feeding in Infants with Down’s Syndrome; Parental Experiences from a UK Wide Birth Cohort

Aims To describe the early feeding experiences of parents from a UK wide birth cohort of babies with Down’s Syndrome (DS). Methods Babies under the age of eight months with DS are recruited from across the UK to the Feeding and Autoimmunity in Down’s Syndrome Evaluation Study (FADES). FADES has been established to explore the associations between early infant feeding, infections and the development of autoimmunity in DS. Parents complete detailed feeding and medical questionnaires about their baby at birth, seven months, twelve months and yearly until the age of five years old. Results Questionnaires exploring the initiation of feeds after birth have been completed by 40 participants, and until weaning at six months by 36 participants. The majority of the mothers initially tried to breastfeed their babies (92.5%). However only three mothers (8.3%) were exclusively breastfeeding until the recommended six months. It is however important to note that at six months, the number of mothers exclusively breastfeeding their baby with DS is higher than the general population in England, which is 1% (Infant feeding survey 2010). Abstract G268 Table 2 Participant Characteristics, n=40 Gender 45% Male Age at recruitment Median age 4 months 6 days old; range 7 days - 9 months History of congenital heart disease 25/40 (62.5%) Admission to a special care baby unit 23/40 (57.5%) Breastfed immediately after birth 37/40 (92.5%) Naso-gastric tube feeding shortly after birth 21/40 (52.5%) Exclusively breastfeeding at 3 months 5/40 (12.5%) Exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months 3/36 (8.3%) Mother expressed that she wanted to breast feed for longer 15/40 (37.5%) Mother expressed that she wanted increased help with feeding while in hospital 10/40 (25%) Conclusion Babies with DS can successfully breastfeed, as reported in this study. Many however, are subject to clinical intervention with over half felt to require naso-gastric feeding. There is a need for increased DS specific feeding information to be available to parents and healthcare professionals, the findings from this study will make an important contribution to providing this.
Education Expenditure-Led Growth: Evidence from Nigeria (1980-2018)

This study examines the belief that education fosters economic growth by analyzing the impact of Government education expenditures at different levels on economic growth using Nigerian data for the period 1980-2018. Time series econometrics tests like Unit Root, cointegration, Error Correction Model and Granger Causality were employed to test the hypothesis of education expenditure-led growth strategy. The outcomes of the studies showed that that there is cointegration between total government education expenditures, primary, secondary and tertiary education expenditure and economic growth. The outcomes of the study also revealed that all levels of education expenditure contribute to economic growth positively (tertiary education exerting more positive impact) and are statistically significant (except primary education expenditure that is not significant) at 5%level. The study equally revealed bi-directional causality between t all levels public expenditure on education and economic growth. The study therefore, recommends improved funding for education at all levels given their interconnections. It also recommends that funding of primary education should by supported Federal Government as weak primary school funding will impact on quality of pupils that graduate to secondary school. Again policies aimed at diversifying and broadening the Nigerian economy be rekindled as economic growth have the potential of increasing education spending.
Analisis Pengaruh City Branding Terhadap Ekonomi Pariwisata (Studi Kasus Gunung Tidar)

___________________________________________________________________ Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perdagangan internasional dan investasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia tahun 2007-2017. Perdagangan internasional dalam penelitian ini identik dengan ekspor neto jadi dapat dikatakan tujuan lebih rincinya yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekspor neto dan investasiterhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Variabel dependen pada penelitian ini adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi sedangkan variabel independennya adalah ekspor neto dan investasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kepustakaan. Sedangkan metode analisisnya menggunakan metode regresi linier dengan menggunakan aplikasi Eviews. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekspor neto (perdagangan internasional) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sedangkan investasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Network efficiency predicts resilience to cognitive decline in elderly at risk for Alzheimer’s

To determine whether white matter network efficiency (WMNE) may be a surrogate marker of the physiological basis of resilience to cognitive decline in elderly persons without dementia and age and AD-related cerebral pathology, we quantified WMNE from baseline MRI scans and investigated its association with longitudinal neuropsychological assessments independent of baseline amyloid, tau and white matter hyperintensity volume. 85 cognitively normal elderly subjects and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with baseline diffusion imaging, CSF specimens, AV45-PET and longitudinal cognitive assessments were included. WMNE was calculated from reconstructed cerebral white matter networks for each individual. Mixed linear effects models were estimated to investigate the association of higher resilience to cognitive decline with higher WMNE and the modulation of this association by increased cerebral amyloid, CSF tau or WMHV. For the majority of cognitive outcome measures, higher WMNE was associated with higher resilience to cognitive decline independently of pathology measures (beta: .074 – .098; p: .011 – .039). Additionally, WMNE was consistently associated with higher resilience to cognitive decline in subjects with higher cerebral amyloid burden (beta: .024 – .276; p: .000 – .036) and with lower CSF tau (beta: −.030 – −.074; p: .015 – .002) across all cognitive outcome measures. The results of this study indicate that WMNE in particular and possibly white matter organization in general may be worthy targets of investigation to provide measures quantifying a patient’s resilience to cognitive decline and thus provide an individual prognosis.
Current trends of the serve skill in relation to the in-game roles of the elite volleyball players: Comparison between genders

The aim of this study was to investigate the current trends of the serve skill for each one of the in-game roles of the players for both genders in high-level volleyball. The serve actions of male (M) and female (F) elite players from 20 volleyball games (M = 10, F = 10) of the final phase World League 2018 were assessed. The analysed variables were comprised of the serve type, the serving area (SA), the serve direction, the in-game role of the server and the serve performance. Results showed that men mainly preferred the power jump serve from the areas behind zones 1 (SA1) and 6 (SA6), while they directed them to the back of the court and made more mistakes than women. Women preferred the floating jump serve directed to the left central part of the court. Regarding the in-game roles of the men, the receivers-attackers and the middle-attackers carried out their serves from SA1 and SA6 more frequently compared to women who preferred to use the serve area behind zone 5 (SA5) more frequently than men. Additionally, women opposites and setters chose to use the SA1 more frequently and the SA5 and SA6 less frequently in comparison to their men counterparts.
Thermal safety studies of high energy density lithium‐ion batteries under different states of charge

The popularity of lithium‐ion batteries in electric vehicles has promoted the increase of its energy density, and battery cathode and anode materials have developed rapidly in recent years. As the next generation of material systems, high‐nickel‐content Li‐Ni‐Co‐Mn oxide cathode and high‐silicon‐content Si‐C anode material systems have a high potential for further application. However, safety is a key indicator for their use in traction batteries. We thus conducted a thermal safety analysis of the pouch cells of such a system for different states of charge and revealed the key factors for the thermal safety evolution of batteries by analyzing the morphology and thermal stability of cathodes and anodes.
Exploring internal critique: theoretically developed critical commentary on the Self-Appraisal of critical disability studies

Abstract This article presents theoretically developed critical commentary as an intervention into existing debates about the self-appraisal of Critical Disability Studies (CDS). CDS deploys critique, not just outwardly, toward questions about the nature of dis/ability, able-bodiedness and existing theoretical responses, but also inwardly, toward questions about the veracity of its own conventions. The proposition is that the distinct epistemological and intellectual ambience of CDS provides an environment conducive to productive critical self-appraisal. It is further argued that the culture and form of internal critique in CDS may be better capitalised upon, or productively repurposed back into wider disability studies, to attend to some of the internal tensions and contradictions evident there. In making its case, the paper also explores the speculative boundaries between wider disability studies and CDS.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolic Events After Open Shoulder Surgery

Background Although venous thromboembolic (VTE) events are known to develop after lower extremity surgery, there is little research on the risk of VTE after upper extremity surgery. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors for VTE in patients undergoing open shoulder surgery. Methods We used International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification procedure codes to identify patients in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 1998 to 2011 who underwent open shoulder surgery. Patients were tracked to determine the incidence of VTE after surgery and stratified by demographics, comorbidities, and hospital characteristics. Risk factors were analyzed using multivariate analysis. Results A total of 315 423 open shoulder procedures were identified in the NIS from 1998 to 2011, of which 1420 (0.45%) carried a diagnosis of VTE, with 873 (0.27%) cases of pulmonary embolism, and 976 (0.31%) cases of deep vein thrombosis. The VTE incidence was similar in common shoulder surgeries, including total shoulder replacement (0.28%), partial shoulder replacement (0.51%), open reduction internal fixation of humerus (0.73%), and open rotator cuff repair (0.28%). Patients with VTE were older, male, African-American, and had a longer hospital stay (14.0 days compared with 3.2 days for patients without VTE). Comorbidities associated with higher risk of VTE included hypercoagulability (odds ratio [OR]: 5.62, P < .001), cancer (OR: 2.51, P < .001), congestive heart failure (OR: 2.01, P < .001), electrolyte abnormalities (OR: 2.1, P < .001), and obesity (OR: 1.46, P < .001). Conclusions There is a low overall risk of VTE after open shoulder surgery. Risk factors for VTE in this population should be used in conjunction with current guidelines to update recommendations for postoperative prophylactic treatment.
Effects of dietary protein:carbohydrate balance on life‐history traits in six laboratory strains of Drosophila melanogaster

Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a key model insect for studying life span and aging. Many laboratory strains of D. melanogaster are currently used by laboratories worldwide, but they are known to vary considerably in their physiology, behavior, and life histories. Although the importance of dietary protein:carbohydrate (P:C) balance as a predominant determinant of life span and other life‐history traits has been highlighted in recent research, it remains unexplored whether the impacts of P:C balance on these fitness‐related traits vary in a strain‐specific manner in D. melanogaster. In this study, we compared the life‐history consequences (life span, egg production rate, pre‐adult survival, development time, and body mass at eclosion) of six laboratory strains of D. melanogaster (w1118, yw, Oregon‐R, white Canton‐S, Canton‐S‐SNU, and Canton‐S‐Inha) allocated to one of four synthetic diets differing in P:C ratio (1:16, 1:4, 1:1, or 4:1). The effects of dietary P:C balance on various adult and larval life‐history traits were qualitatively similar across all strains studied in this study. Regardless of fly strain, adults exhibited a shortened life span and improved egg production on a diet with the highest P:C ratio of 4:1. In all strains, larvae raised on a diet comprising the lowest P:C ratio of 1:16 suffered high mortality, delayed development time, and reduced body mass. Despite the general similarity in the direction of the effect of P:C balance across strains, fly strains differed in the magnitude of their life‐history responses to dietary P:C balance, as indicated by a significant interaction between fly strain and dietary P:C ratio for all measured traits except body mass at eclosion. Possible mechanisms explaining such strain‐specific responses are discussed.
Desarrollo embrionario en yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), receptividad de estigmas y potencial de cruzamientos con higuerilla (Ricinus communis L.) para la producción de dobles haploides

La tecnica de dobles haploides (DH) permite en un solo paso la obtencion de plantas completamente homocigotas y homogeneas. Esta se ha convertido en una herramienta de rutina en muchas especies de cultivos importantes, como el maiz en donde se han empleado lineas haploides para obtener hibridos disenados altamente productivos. Sin embargo, en el mejoramiento vegetal de la yuca, -un cultivo tambien con crecientes demandas agricolas-, este modelo no puede aplicarse actualmente, debido a lo largo del ciclo reproductivo, la naturaleza heterocigotica del cultivo y su sensibilidad a la endogamia. No obstante, para poder aplicar esta tecnica en yuca, se requiere de investigacion en la biologia reproductiva del cultivo. Esto incluye investigacion basica en la biologia floral que contribuya a un mejor entendimiento de los procesos de polinizacion y formacion de la semilla. En esta tesis estos conocimientos permiten desarrollar una guia de conceptos para el mejoramiento conducido por cruzamientos amplios, los cuales son un camino para inducir plantas haploides. Los objetivos de investigacion fueron tres, dos de estos sobre el estudio del comportamiento de la biologia reproductiva de la yuca, en el capitulo 2, la compatibilidad de polen en el pistilo y en el capitulo 3, el desarrollo del embrion, y finalmente en el capitulo 4, la estimacion de la eficiencia de cruzamientos amplios en campo entre yuca con higuerilla para inducir plantas haploides. Para ello, se observo la interaccion in vivo del polen de yuca e higuerilla en el pistilo de la yuca con microscopia de fluorescencia. Tambien, se realizaron observaciones histologicas con la tecnica de parafina del embrion en diferentes etapas de desarrollo. Y finalmente se realizaron polinizaciones con polen de higuerilla en estilos de yuca con el uso de aplicacion de hormonas de crecimiento 2,4D y AG3 y se evaluo el cuajamiento de los frutos obtenidos.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Levulinic Acid Dimers on a Zirconia-Supported Ruthenium Catalyst

The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of levulinic acid (LA) aldol condensation product dimers was studied between 250 and 300 °C and 50 bar H2 in a batch reactor with Ru catalyst supported on mesoporous zirconia. During the reaction, the unsaturated dimers, which contained ketone groups and double bonds, were hydrogenated to saturated dimers. A greater degree of deoxygenation was achieved at higher temperatures, and oxygen was removed as water and CO2. Oxygen removal was evidenced by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy, in which the C=O peak decreased with increasing temperature. A drawback of high reaction temperature (300 °C) was a minor degree of oligomerization. The formation of aromatics was also observed at the higher temperatures. Aside from the saturated dimers, volatile products were obtained at all temperatures, including ketones, acids, and esters. This study demonstrates for the first time the potential of LA dimers as a sustainable route from lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and biocomponents.
Aerospace and Ergonomic Methods for Ear Anthropometry Supported by Bulgarian Research

Translation into English has recently been completed for excerpts on ear and craniofacial anthropometry from an innovative, unpublished Bulgarian-language doctoral thesis written in 1986 by a plastic surgeon, M. M. Madzharov, MD-PhD; MD-SC. Most remarkable among the many benefits of the translation was revelation of heretofore unavailable text descriptions for 49 dimensions. Of these, 43 explain the titles and abbreviations with summary statistical data on ear measurements for young adults that were published in 1989 in the English language. Especially valuable among these data were four new and unique, long-axial ear lengths, all measured from a common ear landmark. These could locate “station planes” for cross-section views of human ears, similar to those for 3-D coordinate systems in aircraft and spacecraft fuselage engineering. Examples explaining the concepts and values of such a new approach to ear anthropometry are herein introduced, described and illustrated, together with previously recommended improvements in ear anthropometry notation and illustration, a virtual Ear Primary View Plane, a section plane through the ear long axis, newly introduced “semi-width” measurements extending perpendicular to the aforementioned section plane, new concepts of “view depths,” which are measured perpendicularly from the Ear Primary View Plane toward ear surfaces and a previously described three-axis aircraft motion analogy for defining static ear orientation. These innovative approaches are advocated for adoption by future researchers, designers of related hardware, modelers and standards developers.
Antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a retrospective study of drug utilization pattern in outpatient department of psychiatry at a tertiary care hospital

Mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia are antipsychotics. Conventional antipsychotics like chlorpromazine, haloperidol use often leads to acute and chronic extrapyramidal side effects (e.g. tremors, rigidity, tardive dyskinesia). Second generation antipsychotics like olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, amisulpride are commonly used now as they infrequently induce the extrapyramidal side effects and are beneficial in improving negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Detailed quantification of glacier elevation and mass changes in South Georgia

Most glaciers in South America and on the Antarctic Peninsula are retreating and thinning. They are considered strong contributors to global sea level rise. However, there is a lack of glacier mass balance studies in other areas of the Southern Hemisphere, such as the surrounding Antarctic Islands. Here, we present a detailed quantification of the 21st century glacier elevation and mass changes for the entire South Georgia Island using bi-static synthetic aperture radar interferometry between 2000 and 2013. The results suggest a significant mass loss since the beginning of the present century. We calculate an average glacier mass balance of −1.04 ± 0.09 m w.e. a−1 and a mass loss rate of 2.28 ± 0.19 Gt a−1 (2000–2013), contributing 0.006 ± 0.001 mm a−1 to sea-level rise. Additionally, we calculate a subaqueous mass loss of 0.77 ± 0.04 Gt a−1 (2003–2016), with an area change at the marine and lake-terminating glacier fronts of −6.58 ± 0.33 km2 a−1, corresponding to ∼4% of the total glacier area. Overall, we observe negative mass balance rates in South Georgia, with the highest thinning and retreat rates at the large outlet glaciers located at the north-east coast. Although the spaceborne remote sensing dataset analysed in this research is a key contribution to better understanding of the glacier changes in South Georgia, more detailed field measurements, glacier dynamics studies or further long-term analysis with high-resolution regional climate models are required to precisely identify the forcing factors.
Intralesional Sclerotherapy Using Absolute Alcohol for Management of Haemangioma

Background. Soft tissue haemangiomas are non-malignant lesions; some optional management could be chosen. Sclerotherapy by the sclerosing agent has been used in the management of haemangiomas. Method. We performed intramucous embolization of haemangioma in three patients. The procedure was conducted under general anesthesia. The sclerosing agent used was an absolute alcohol 98% at a dose of 10ml, 5ml, and 2ml in each patient. After the procedure, they received analgesics and antibiotic therapy. One month after the sclerosing treatment, all patients underwent reconstruction surgery. Result. The evaluation was performed several days after the injection. The pain and tissue swelling occurs in the first week and gradually decreased each day until the second week. The final result was evaluated after the patient undergone reconstruction surgery. All patient’s parent were satisfied. Conclusions. The intralesional sclerotherapy of haemangioma using absolute alcohol proved to be a safe, cheap and effective method to achieve preoperative devascularization of hemangiomas
Dominance Conditions for Optimal Order-Lot Matching in the Make-To-Order Production System

Order-lot matching is the process of assigning items in lots being processed in the make-to-order production system to meet the due dates of the orders. In this study, an order-lot matching problem (OLMP) is considered to minimize the total tardiness of orders with different due dates. In the OLMP considered in this study, we need to not only determine the allocation of items to lots in the production facility but also generate a lot release plan for the given time horizon. We show that the OLMP can be considered as a special type of machine scheduling problem with many similarities to the single machine total tardiness scheduling problem ( 1 | | ∑ T i ). We suggest dominance conditions for the OLMP by modifying those for 1 | | ∑ T i and a dynamic programming (DP) model based on the dominance conditions. With two example problems, we show that the DP model can solve small-sized OLMPs optimally.
Students’ Perception of The Use of Mobile Learning on Rhythmic Gymnastics Learning at Senior High School Level

This research is motivated by advances and technology that are increasingly developing in all fields, one of which is education, which encourages physical education teachers in delivering rhythmic gymnastics material to innovate in the use of a set of learning media based on mobile learning. This study aims to determine students 'perceptions of the use of mobile learning as seen from 1) Students' understanding of mobile learning in rhythmic gymnastics learning; 2) The benefits of mobile-learning in rhythmic gymnastics learning; 3) Readiness of students in the use of mobile learning. This research is descriptive quantitative research. The results of this study indicate that 78.75% of students understand mobile learning, 81.83% of students know the benefits of mobile learning and 79.08% of students declare readiness for the use of mobile learning. The results of these studies are expected to be used as a reference in the application of mobile learning not only on rhythmic gymnastics learning material. But it can be applied to other materials.