Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Structural Relation between Oral Language and Reading Comprehension: A Secondary Data Analysis within A Latent Variable Framework

Oral language and reading comprehension are typically considered as two separate constructs in most studies, however, there is no strong evidence for this separation using a measurement model. Results from cognitive psychology suggest that reading or text-based skills represent facets of a more general, overall ability of language proficiency. A general language proficiency may make measures of oral language and reading comprehension appear less distinct than may be typically assumed. Such cognitive overlap can be empirically tested using confirmatory factor models. Using secondary data analyses, this study examined the extent to which oral language and reading comprehension measures represent two distinct constructs by reanalyzing 44 summary data sets reported in 25 published journal articles and three dissertations, representing a total of 12,367 participants. First, we fit and compared the unidimensional and two-dimensional models. The results show that the one-dimensional model fit well in 11 out of 44 data sets and the two-dimensional model fit better than the onedimensional model in 33 data sets, however, the discriminant validity between the two latent constructs was relatively low across most data sets. These results suggest that psychometrically, it is difficult to separate oral language from reading comprehension. Second, we fit a bi-factor model for each data set with a general language factor and a specific factor of oral language or reading comprehension. The results show a strong general language factor and much weaker specific factors among school-age students, implying that the language structure might be better represented as a bi-factor model among these students. However, the general language factor was weak in most adult samples. In addition, these results suggest that the relation between oral language and reading comprehension was weaker among participants with low reading ability, and weaker in English second language learners, especially for adults. INDEX WORDS: English, Vocabulary, Syntax, Morphology, Listening Comprehension, Reading comprehension THE STRUCTURAL RELATION BETWEEN ORAL LANGUAGE AND READING COMPREHENSION: A SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS WITHIN A LATENT VARIABLE FRAMEWORK
BEHAVIORAL AND INFRACTIONAL ASPECTS OF FEMALE TEENAGERS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the behavior and infractional acts of 26 female adolescents. Method: a descriptive, sequential explanatory, mixed study, conducted in an educational center in Northeastern Brazil. A questionnaire was applied including sociodemographic; gynecological/obstetric; behavioral variables as well as variables referring to infractions and institutional incarceration. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 was used for data analysis, descriptive analysis, frequency distribution for categorical variables and calculation of measures of central tendency for numerical variables. In the qualitative stage, data were collected through in-depth interviews, which aimed to interpret quantitative analysis variables. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in full, the data were coded and grouped into themes. Pre-analysis, exploration of the collected material, treatment of the results and interpretation were performed. Thematic analysis was used to identify the core meaning that makes up the communication, whose presence or frequency have some meaning for the object studied. Results: the age ranged from 12 to 18 years and 26.9% attended school. The most frequent offenses were theft (61.5%) and homicide (19.2%). The use of alcohol and illicit drugs, was reported as 53.8% and 46.2%, respectively. All reported being sexually active and 96.2% had had more than one sexual partner in their lives. Seven had already become pregnant, and four of these decided to have abortions. Six (23.1%) declared themselves as bisexual and five (19.2%) as homosexuals. The adolescents mentioned the need for homosexual relations at the place of detention, due to the prohibition of conjugal visits. Conclusion: adolescents who are deprivation of liberty have high social vulnerability.
COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; ASSESSMENT OF COMPONENTS OF DIRECT COST OF TREATMENT OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS IN KARACHI

Background: The treatment cost of community acquired pneumonia in Pakistan is a heavy economic burden for the society. Objectives: To assess the component of direct cost (ward cost, medication cost, laboratory and diagnosis cost and the length of stay cost) of treatment of community acquired pneumonia patients admitted in hospital ward. Study Design: Prospective study. Period: 15 months. Setting: Three private hospitals among these hospitals one of the hospital was a tertiary care university hospital situated in Karachi. Method: The study enrolled 514 patients and the patients were included from three private hospitals. Spearman correlation statistical tool was used to determine the correlation among variables Whitney U test was used to determine the cost in different groups. Results: A total of 514 cases were examined 322 cases were male and 192 cases were females. The CAP cases were mostly prevalent in patients with the age between 1-5 years (192), in male, low socioeconomic status and in unmarried patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.31days found in patients admitted in the hospitals due to CAP. In this study the median medication cost of CAP per episode of treatment was Rs 2423($24.25), median laboratory diagnosis cost was found Rs 1310($13.11), median length of stay in hospital cost was found Rs 5700($57.04) and the median total cost of treatment was found Rs 9889($98.96). Conclusion: length of stay, laboratory diagnosis and the medication cost were the main components of direct cost of treatment of hospitalized cap patients. Age, comorbidity, PSI, laboratory diagnosis and length of stay was positively correlated with the direct cost of treatment of CAP. Gender difference was not correlated with the direct cost of treatment of CAP. The direct cost, drug cost, hospital stay cost increases as the pneumonia severity index increases, but in case of laboratory diagnosis cost is initially less in PSI I and increases in the PSI class II but remain same from PSI III to PSI V.
VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE STIMULATES ADENYLATE CYCLASE AND SEROTONIN N -ACETYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITIES IN RAT PINEAL IN VITRO

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) stimulated cyclic AMP formation in rat pineal gland with dose-dependency in vitro, though this effect was much less than that of norepinephrine. Bilateral ganglionectomy of the superior cervical ganglion did not inhibit the stimulatory effect of VIP in the gland. In the cultured pineal gland, VIP, like norepinephrine, markedly increased the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase, an-enzyme for melatonin synthesis. A dose of propranolol above lO""5 M inhibited VIP action, but a lower dose propranolol (lO"5 M) did not inhibit VIP stimulation of cyclic AMP formation in the pineal gland. These results strongly suggest that VIP regulates the function of the pineal gland through activation of adenylate cyclase and then induces serotonin Nacetyltransferase, independently of norepinephrine.
The Rejection of Qualitative Research Methods in Economics

Abstract: The article analyzes the status quo of qualitative methods in economics. While a majority of economists consider knowledge of empirical research methods to be of considerable importance, it must be noted that qualitative research methods are scarcely implemented in economic publications. Given all the advantages of qualitative research methods, the reasons and processes responsible for the rejection of qualitative research methods in economics must be empirically identified and further discussed. To gain insights into the perception and application of qualitative research methods in economics revealing the status and representational patterns in qualitative social research. I addressed professors, editors of economic journals, and postdocs from Germany to access economists’ functional orientations and interpretative patterns, in order to establish preliminary indicators with regard to the subject-specific perspectives and the underlying scientific conceptions of economists. My findings reveal a fundamental rejection of qualitative research methods in economics due to methodological critique, a nomothetic world view and missing career opportunities. The article intends to initiate a discussion about the missing opportunities of the methodological contraction in the economic profession.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Resilience Program for Children and Young People in a Private Australian Psychology Clinic

There is increasing research into resilience enllancing intervention programs in young people. A number of international resilience-based group programs exist; however, few are within Australia. Two Australian resilience programs are the linked-Up (13-16 year-olds} and Connect-3 (8-12 year-olds} programs. They are Solution-Focused programs based on the Resilience Doughnut model. The current study assessed the effectiveness of these two programs by comparing pre- and post-measures of resilience and adversities. Participants were aged between 8-17 years. There were 70 participants in total, 40 males (57%} and 30 females (43%). Results show that the Connect-3 program built personal competency and reduced total difficulties within a non-clinical population. The linked-Up group showed no significant change in scores for pre-intervention to post-intervention. Future research should aim to explore the effectiveness of the resilience programs within clinical populations or with young people who have increased risk of adversity. Future research should also consider how resilience could be enhanced in older-adolescent populations.
Condition dependent strategies of egg size variation in the Common Eider Somateria mollissima

We analysed intraclutch egg-size variation in relation to clutch size and to female body condition in the Common Eider Somateria mollissima during an 8-year period. The aim was to assess if eiders adaptively adjusted egg size within the laying sequence in response to different clutch sizes, which potentially could optimise reproductive success through a size advantage in hatchlings. The analyses were performed on both population and individual level using data from recaptured females that changed clutch size between seasons. Based on 1,099 clutches from 812 individual females, population clutch size averaged 4.13 eggs (range: 1-6), with marked annual variation in the dominance of 4- and 5-egg clutches, which constituted c.70% of all clutches. Clutch size was positively related to female pre-laying body condition at both the population and individual level. Egg size varied significantly within and between clutch sizes and changes were significantly related to the laying sequence. First eggs were significantly larger in 4-egg clutches and second eggs smaller (marginally insignificant) than in 5-egg clutches, a pattern also found among individual females changing clutch size between seasons. The relationship between female pre-laying body condition, clutch size and the intraclutch egg-size pattern indicates that both clutch size and egg size is actively adapted to the pre-breeding body condition of the female. We suggest that the observed pattern of intraclutch egg-size variation reflects a finely tuned conditional dependent mechanisms that enable females in a suboptimal condition to optimize reproductive output.
Adapting to Technological Change - Employees' Experiences on the Uptake of Automated Dispensing Cabinets in Kuopio University Hospital

*Correspondence ABSTRACT Introduction: As a part of automation technology change in hospitals, one major change that has revolutionized the practice of hospital medicine supply has been the introduction of automated dispensing cabinets in recent decades. Automated dispensing cabinets are computer-driven dispensing systems designed to prevent medical errors, promote better patient care and safety, and increase the efficacy of storage management. From the employee perspective, cabinets are known to improve workflow and increase work efficiency; however, research on the healthcare professionals’ perceptions of the change process in the uptake of automated dispensing cabinets is lacking.
The Influence of Mixed Reality on Satisfaction and Brand Loyalty: A Brand Equity Perspective

Mixed reality technology is being increasingly used in cultural heritage attractions to enhance visitors’ experience. However, how the characteristics of mixed reality affect satisfaction and brand loyalty has not been explored in previous research. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting satisfaction with mixed reality experiences at cultural and artistic visitor attractions and their influence on brand loyalty, which is connected with management performance. We propose a theoretical model based on brand equity theory in the context of mixed reality experience. Survey data were gathered from 251 respondents visiting a cultural and artistic visitor attraction in Seoul, Korea using a stratified sampling method. PLS-SEM was employed for the data analysis. The results suggest that the characteristics of mixed reality (interactivity, vividness) not only influence the affective aspects (perceived immersion, perceived enjoyment) of visitors’ experience, but also positively affect brand awareness, brand association, and brand loyalty.
The first ornithosuchid from Brazil and its macroevolutionary and phylogenetic implications for Late Triassic faunas in Gondwana

Ornithosuchidae is one of the most enigmatic clades of Triassic pseudosuchians. The group is composed by three carnivorous species that were excavated from Upper Triassic beds of Scotland and Argentina. We describe the first ornithosuchid from the Upper Triassic sediments of Brazil and explore its phylogenetic affinities and implications for the evolution of the group. Dynamosuchus collisensis gen. et sp. nov. was found as the sister taxon of the Argentinean form Venaticosuchus rusconii. These relationships reject a potential endemic radiation of ornithosuchids from the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin and would better support multiple diversification events. Our findings with ornithosuchids is consistent with the pattern reported for proterochampsid and erpetosuchid archosauriforms from Ischigualasto-Villa Unión and the Paraná basins. In addition, the presence of an ornithosuchid in the Late Triassic of Brazil suggests that ornithosuchids were more widespread than previously thought in the southern hemisphere. The new ornithosuchid further demonstrates a faunistic link between the Argentinean and Brazilian basins during the Carnian. Finally, the discovery of the new species provides the first clue of a putative necrophagous vertebrate from the oldest dinosaur-bearing beds and expands our knowledge regarding the trophic structure of the Late Triassic of Brazil.
Menstrual health status and cultural practices of tribal adolescent girls

Background: Adolescence in the life cycle of a Homosapien organism is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. The word ‘Adolescent’ has been derived from Latin word ‘Adolescere’ which means ‘to grow to maturity’. The children from the poor scheduled tribes families are not being sent to school because of the tendency of some parents to utilize their services in augmenting their family income. Therefore a provision for educational opportunities forms a very important part of the programme for the welfare of the scheduled tribes. The aim of the present study was to observe menstrual health of the tribal adolescent girls and to describe cultural factors on study population. Methods: Community based cross sectional descriptive study done on 425 tribal adolescent girls residing in 18 habitations of Achampet mandal. Pre designed pre tested semi structured schedule applied on the subjects after a written informed consent. Results: Out of 425 study subjects majority 178 (41.9%) were from early adolescent age i.e. 10-13 years, followed by 144 (33.9%) from mid adolescent age i.e., 14-15 years and 103 (24.2%) from late adolescent age i.e. 16-19 years. Majority illiterate subjects (55.1%) menstrual hygiene was non sanitary. Subjects who had illiterate mothers their menstrual hygiene was non sanitary way (55.1%). Girls in joint families were having sanitary menstrual hygiene. Conclusions: Present study showed education and awareness play key role in maintaining menstrual hygiene. Hygiene education is supposed to be given at all levels. Bad cultural practices supposed be addressed at community level with intervention.
Blood-saving Effect of Aminocaproic Acid in Total Knee Joint Replacement

Цель. Оценить эффективность применения аминокапроновой кислоты для снижения периоперационной кровопотери при первичном тотальном протезировании коленного сустава. Материал и методы. В исследование включено 82 пациента, которым было выполнено тотальное протезирование коленного сустава. В исследуемой группе (42 пациента) применяли парентеральное введение аминокапроновой кислоты (5% раствор) в дозировке 100 мг/кг до наложения жгута, с повторным введением рассчитанной дозы препарата через 4 часа. Пациентам контрольной группы (40 человек) не проводилось введение аминокапроновой кислоты. В группах проводили сравнительную оценку следующих показателей: концентрации гемоглобина, количеста эритроцитов, гематокритного объема эритроцитов до операции и в послеоперационном периоде (5 сутки). Выполняли учет величины кровопотери по дренажу в течение 24 часов после операции. Результаты. Выявлено значительное сокращение объема кровопотери по дренажу в исследуемой группе (300; 200-350 мл (Me; 25%; 75%)) по сравнению с контрольной (600; 525-725 мл (Me; 25%; 75%)), p<0,001. Среднее значение показателей крови в послеоперационном периоде в исследуемой группе (гемоглобин 118; 105-124 г/л, эритроциты 3,95; 3,7-4,2×1012/л, гематокрит 36,55; 32,8-39,6 (Me; 25%; 75%)) было достоверно выше, чем в группе контроля (гемоглобин 105,5; 95-119 г/л, эритроциты 3,45; 3,1-3,9×1012/л, гематокрит 30,95; 29,65-34,05 (Me; 25%; 75%)), p<0,05. В контрольной группе 11 пациентам (27,5%) проводилось переливание эритроцитной массы. Переливания компонентов донорской крови пациентам исследуемой группы не проводили. Не было каких-либо осложнений, связанных с применением аминокапроновой кислоты. Заключение. Применение аминокапроновой кислоты позволяет повысить эффективность лечения пациентов с дегенеративно-дистрофическими заболеваниями коленного сустава за счет исключения необходимости переливания донорской крови при тотальном эндопротезировании коленного сустава, а также снижения экономических затрат на обеспечение данного оперативного вмешательства. Ключевые слова: протезирование коленного сустава, кровопотеря, ингибиторы фибринолиза, аминокапроновая кислота, гемотрансфузия, экономическая эффективность, оперативное вмешательство
Modulation of the doping level of PEDOT:PSS film by treatment with hydrazine to improve the Seebeck coefficient

As the most popular conducting polymer, poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used for a variety of applications, including thermoelectrics. This paper reports the modulation of the doping level by treatment with hydrazine to improve the Seebeck coefficient of PEDOT:PSS films. PEDOT:PSS films were first treated with formic acid followed by hydrazine, leading to a significant increase in the Seebeck coefficient from 17.5 to 42.7 μV K−1, about 2.5 times higher than that of the pristine film partially at the expense of electrical conductivity. An optimum power factor of 93.5 μW K−2 m−1, being 2.4 times that of the one treated with only formic acid, was achieved. The substantial improvement in the Seebeck coefficient and the power factor is collectively attributed to the removal of the PSS, and more importantly, the reduction of the doping level of PEDOT by the hydrazine treatment, which is evidenced clearly by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, XPS and Raman spectroscopy.
Phylogenomics and mitochondrial genome evolution of the gall-associated doryctine wasp genera (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

The braconid subfamily Doryctinae is a cosmopolitan, highly diverse group of wasps mainly represented by parasitoid species. In this subfamily, however, there is a group of mainly Neotropical genera whose species are associated with galls of several vascular plant families. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies based on a few markers consistently recovered the monophyly of this group, though various relationships among genera and the monophyly of its most speciose genus, Allorhogas Gahan, remained unresolved. We characterized the mitogenomes of 13 representative species of the gall-associated doryctine clade and performed a phylogenomic analysis with both mitogenome and ultraconserved element (UCE) DNA sequence data to assess the classification of Doryctinae and to examine the evolution of phytophagy within the group. We found different patterns of tRNA gene rearrangements, two of which are present in most of the ingroup taxa. All phylogenetic analyses yielded highly similar, well-supported topologies that are congruent with relationships reported in previous studies. The resulting phylogenies confirmed Percnobracon as sister to the remaining genera and supported two separate clades whose genera are exclusively associated with Ficus (Moraceae). Allorhogas is confirmed to be polyphyletic. The combined evidence also supported a main Allorhogas clade composed of multiple phytophagous species that feed on at least five different host plant families. Further rearing records and phylogenetic studies are needed to examine host plant shifts and to broaden our understanding of a poorly studied radiation of gall-associated wasps.
Viscosupplementation for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

W S T Ę P: Choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów kolanowych (gonartroza – GA) należy do najczęstszych schorzeń narządu ruchu, a ból i ograniczenie ruchomości kolana są najdotkliwiej odbieranymi przez pacjentów objawami zmian zwyrodnieniowych. Celem pracy było sprawdzenie, czy podanie dostawowe preparatu kwasu hialuronowego wpływa na funkcje stawu kolanowego, wybrane parametry układu antyoksydacyjnego i natężenie stresu oksydacyjnego we krwi u pacjentów z gonartrozą. M A T E R IA Ł I M E T O D Y: Grupa badana 1K obejmowała 96 pacjentów z chorobą zwyrodnieniową stawu kolanowego, którym podano kwas hialuronowy do jednego stawu kolanowego, natomiast do grupy badanej 2K włączono 33 pacjentów, którym podano kwas hialuronowy do obu stawów kolanowych. Badanie prowadzono przez 40 tygodni według ustalonego protokołu. Oznaczono całkowity status oksydacyjny (TOS) osocza, zawartość grup sulfhydrylowych (SH) w surowicy, aktywność katalazy (CAT) w erytrocytach, aktywność dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej (SOD) w osoczu i erytrocytach, aktywność peroksydazy glutationowej (GPx) w erytrocytach. W Y N IK I: Po leczeniu wiskosuplementacyjnym odnotowano zmniejszenie nasilenia bólu oraz poprawę w badanych skalach VAS i HHS, przy czym nieco większą poprawę stwierdzono w przypadku zajęcia jednego kolana. Po leczeniu dostawowym kwasem hialuronowym stwierdzono znamienny spadek aktywności SOD oraz CAT a wzrost aktywności GPx, wzrost stężenia grup SH w obu grupach oraz spadek stężenia TOS. WNIOSKI: Wiskosuplementacja w chorobie zwyrodnieniowej stawu kolanowego istotnie redukuje ból kolana i poprawia jego funkcje oraz wywołuje korzystne zmiany w układzie antyoksydacyjnym krwi. Efekt leczenia jest porównywalny zarówno w przypadku podawania preparatu kwasu hialuronowego do jednego, jaki i do obu stawów kolanowych.