Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed crosslinking of fibrin microthread scaffolds.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has been investigated as a catalyst to crosslink tissue engineered hydrogels because of its mild reaction conditions and ability to modulate the mechanical properties of the matrix. Here we report the results of the first study investigating the use of HRP to crosslink fibrin scaffolds. We examined the effect of varying HRP and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) incorporation strategies on the resulting crosslink density and structural properties of fibrin in a microthread scaffold format. Primary (1º) and secondary (2º) scaffold modification techniques were evaluated to crosslink fibrin microthread scaffolds. A primary scaffold modification technique was defined as incorporating crosslinking agents into the microthread precursor solutions during extrusion. A secondary scaffold modification technique was defined as incubating the microthreads in a post-processing crosslinker bath. Fibrin microthreads were enzymatically crosslinked through primary, secondary, or a combination of both approaches. All fibrin microthread scaffolds crosslinked with HRP and H2O2 via primary and/or secondary methods exhibited an increase in dityrosine crosslink density compared to uncrosslinked control microthreads, demonstrated by scaffold fluorescence. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the formation of isodityrosine bonds in 1º HRP crosslinked microthreads. Characterization of tensile mechanical properties revealed that all HRP crosslinked microthreads were significantly stronger than control microthreads. Primary (1º) HRP crosslinked microthreads also demonstrated significantly slower degradation than control microthreads, suggesting that incorporating HRP and H2O2 during extrusion yields scaffolds with increased resistance to proteolytic degradation. Finally, cells seeded on HRP crosslinked microthreads retained a high degree of viability, demonstrating that HRP crosslinking yields biocompatible scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering. The goal of this work was to facilitate the logical design of enzymatically crosslinked fibrin microthreads with tunable structural properties, enabling their application for engineered tissue constructs with varied mechanical and structural properties.
The Effects of Stock and Prerelease Marine Net-Pen Culture on Survival to Adulthood, Age at Maturity, and Fisheries Contribution for Three Stocks of Chinook Salmon in Southeast Alaska

Abstract Three stocks of juvenile stream-type Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were evaluated as part of an ocean ranching and broodstock development program at Little Port Walter, Southeast Alaska. Fish were either cultured in freshwater throughout the presmolt period or moved to marine net-pens with an artificial freshwater lens for five periods (2–210 d); all fish were released on the same day. The fish were tagged with coded wire tags to determine the effect, if any, of stock and duration of marine net-pen culture on precocity, fishery contribution, survival to adulthood, and size in the commercial fisheries relative to traditional freshwater culture. Recoveries of tagged fish in the fisheries and at the hatchery weir indicated significant overall effects of stock on marine survival; the Unuk stock survived better than the Chickamin and King Salmon stocks. Culture overwinter in marine net-pens produced higher survival to adulthood in all stocks but also resulted in higher mortality during cultu.
Perceptions on consumer information in transfusion. A qualitative study of consumers and prescribers

Fresh blood product transfusion requires patient education for fully informed consent, and written consumer information is frequently used. Few studies have examined consumer preferences regarding written and verbal transfusion information provided. As a qualitative study, this research was designed to explore participant understanding and by analysing and integrating themes, generate a model to understand how transfusion information should be developed and used in practice.
Out of Chaos—Meaning Arises: The Lived Experience of Re-Habituating the Habitual Body When Suffering From Burnout

Sufferers from burnout might experience a sincere bonding to their lost lifeworld, which can result in their holding on to their previous worlds while simultaneously trying to unleash themselves. In this article, four experiential dimensions are presented in discussion with the phenomenological insights provided by Merleau-Ponty. These dimensions are “Trapped in the present body,” “the balancing act,” “precious moments of joy,” and “this is my Lifeworld now. ” In the rehabilitation process, the participants demonstrated deliberate choices and reflective self-cultivation to adjust to their present situation. The illness seemed to promote a search for meaning—and out of the existential chaos, a “new” habitual body might appear. The study provides invaluable information about the rehabilitation process and the need for humanistic interventions.
Pollen and Tapetum Development in Male Fertile Rosmarinus Officinalis L. (Lamiaceae)

Abstract The development of microspores/pollen grains and tapetum was studied in fertile Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae). Most parts of the cell walls of the secretory anther tapetum undergo modifications before and during meiosis: the inner tangential and radial cell walls, and often also the outer tangential and radial wall, acquire a fibrous appearance; these walls become later transformed into a thin poly-saccharidic film, which is finally dissolved after microspore mitosis. Electron opaque granules found within the fibrous/lamellated tapetal walls consist of sporopollenin-like material, but cannot be interpreted as Ubisch bodies. The middle lamella and the primary wall of the outer tangential and radial tapetal walls remain unmodified, but get covered by an electron opaque, sporopollenin-like layer. Pollenkitt is formed only by lipid droplets from the ground plasma and/or ER profiles, the plastids do not form pollenkitt precursor lipids. Tapetum maturation (“degeneration”) does not take place b.
Fish-larval rearing: the effect of pure /mixed zooplankton and artificial diet on the growth and survival of Clarias anguillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae

The growth, survival and specific growth rate (SGR) of the larvae of Clarias anguillaris fed live zooplankton feed (pure Moina micrura and mixed zooplankton) and 40% crude protein dry artificial diet, were determined. Growth and survival were not significantly different (P > 0.05) for the first six weeks of culture for larvae fed pure Moina or mixed zooplankton. Specific growth rate was also similar in both cultures. However, when live feed was replaced with dry artificial diet as from the 7th week of culture, growth and survival were significantly higher (P Key words : Clarias anguillaris, larval rearing, live zooplankton, nutrition Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol.17(1) 2002: 69-73
Genetic Divergence and Speciation in an Extremely Young Species Flock in Mexico Formed by the GenusCyprinodon(Cyprinodontidae, Teleostei)

The lake Laguna Chichancanab contains one of the evolutionarily youngest species flocks known, composed of five endemic species of the genus Cyprinodon. The presumed sister species Cyprinodon artifrons still exists in marine coastal habitats. Sequences of the mitochondrial control region were obtained for C. artifrons (genes of 17 individuals sequenced) and for all five endemic species (genes of 32 individuals sequenced). While nine different haplotypes were found in C. artifrons, only a single haplotype was shared with the species from the laguna. Four additional haplotypes were found among the endemics. These four were most closely related to that single haplotype shared with C. artifrons. The deprivation in haplotypes among the endemics points to a small founder population or to bottlenecking. The distribution pattern of overlapping haplotypes in four of the five species suggests incomplete lineage sorting or hybridization among them. Complete reproductive isolation is only assumed for one species, C. maya, in which a single and unique haplotype was found.
A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Abstract Clubroot of canola was identified for the first time on the Canadian prairies in 2003, and is spreading rapidly across the region. Although clubroot has been studied extensively on vegetable Brassica crops, it was not clear initially how much of the information would be directly transferable from the intensive production of vegetable crops to the extensive production practices used for canola. This review examines similarities and differences between clubroot development and management on vegetable crops and canola. One important difference was that clubroot generally has a larger economic impact on canola, which is harvested for seed, than on vegetables, especially those where early vegetative growth is the marketable component. Also, clubroot has spread within the production area more quickly than was expected based on vegetable production. This occurs in large part because the resting spores are readily moved within and between fields on the heavy machinery used for canola production, but movement of spores by wind and water is also being assessed. Interestingly, crop rotation to reduce yield losses may be a more viable approach for canola than in vegetable production. Resistance to clubroot is the most consistent and economically viable approach to clubroot management in canola, but several lines of evidence indicate that this resistance may not be durable. Fortunately, the large acreage of canola production in Canada ensures that new sources of resistance will be developed and deployed as existing sources are eroded. Pathogen development and cultural control are very similar on vegetables and canola; bait crops and soil amendments are generally not commercially viable in either system; and biocontrol has a limited potential at this time. Manipulation of seeding date, application of fungicide, and soil fumigation generally have more potential for use in vegetable production than for canola. Identification of approaches that reduce disease pressure in clubroot-infested fields and increase the durability and diversity of genes for clubroot resistance represent important lines of future research.
Emerging patterns of infant regulatory behavior in the Still-Face paradigm at 3 and 9 months predict mother-infant attachment at 12 months

ABSTRACT Prior research described three stable patterns of organized behavior employed by infants to manage stressful interactive situations with their mothers in the Face-to-Face Still-Face paradigm (FFSF) at 3 and 9 months postpartum. The current longitudinal study expands this research by examining the extent to which these patterns predict infants’ later attachment quality. For that purpose, 108 full-term infants and their mothers participated in the FFSF at 3 and 9 months, and in the Strange Situation at 12 months. Cross-tabulation analyses indicated a significant association between (1) the Social-positive oriented pattern and secure attachment, (2) the Distressed-inconsolable pattern and insecure-ambivalent attachment, and (3) the Self-comfort oriented pattern and insecure-avoidant attachment. Our results contribute to a growing body of studies suggesting that patterns of infants’ regulatory behavior assessed during the FFSF during the first year, may be early developmental precursors of attachment patterns at 12 months.
Typical radiological progression and clinical features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019

We aimed to describe typical radiological features and progression of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We reviewed the chest CT scans, laboratory findings, and clinical records of 66 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to affiliated hospitals of Nanchang university, Nanchang, China, from Jan 21 to Feb 2, 2020. CT was used to evaluate the radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients. Only 4 patients (4/66, 6%) claimed their exposure to COVID-19 pneumonia patients. The major symptoms were fever (60/66, 91%) and cough (37/66, 56%). The predominant features of lesion were scattered (43/66, 65%), bilateral (50/66, 76%), ground-glass opacity (64/66, 97%), and air bronchogram sign (47/66, 71%). Forty-eight patients (48/66, 73%) had more than two lobes involved. Right lower lobe (58/66, 88%) and left lower lobe (49/66, 74%) were most likely invaded. Twelve patients (12/66, 18%) had at least one comorbid condition. Pleural traction (29/66, 44%), crazy paving (15/66, 23%), interlobular septal thickening (11/66, 17%), and consolidation (7/66, 11%) were also observed. The typical radiology features of COVID-19 patients are scattered ground-glass opacity in the bilateral lobes. Fever and cough are the major symptoms. Evaluating chest CT, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results could facilitate the early diagnosis of COVID-19, and judge disease progression.
Impact of intermittent energy restriction on anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers in patients with overweight and obesity: systematic review and meta-analyses

Abstract This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of intermittent energy restriction (IER) on anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers. A systematic literature search was conducted in three electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if the intervention lasted ≥12 weeks and IER was compared with either continuous energy restriction (CER) or a usual diet. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for eight outcomes. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Seventeen RCTs with 1328 participants were included. IER in comparison to a usual diet may reduce body weight (mean difference [MD]: −4.83 kg, 95%-CI: −5.46, −4.21; n = 6 RCTs), waist circumference (MD: −1.73 cm, 95%-CI: −3.69, 0.24; n = 2), fat mass (MD: −2.54 kg, 95%-CI: −3.78, −1.31; n = 6), triacylglycerols (MD: −0.20 mmol/L, 95%-CI: −0.38, −0.03; n = 5) and systolic blood pressure (MD: −6.11 mmHg, 95%-CI: −9.59, −2.64; n = 5). No effects were observed for LDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose, and glycosylated-hemoglobin. Both, IER and CER have similar effect on body weight (MD: −0.55 kg, 95%-CI: −1.01, −0.09; n = 13), and fat mass (MD: −0.66 kg, 95%-CI: −1.14, −0.19; n = 10), and all other outcomes. In conclusion, IER improves anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers when compared to a usual diet. The effects of IER on weight loss are similar to weight loss achieved by CER.
Social Support, Activities of Daily Living, and Depression among Older Japanese and Koreans Immigrants in the U.S

ABSTRACT This study investigates the relationship between social support, activities of daily living (ADL), and depression among older Japanese and Koreans living in the U.S. Data were collected from 207 older Japanese and 210 older Koreans in various long-term care settings in Honolulu and Los Angeles. A hierarchical regression analysis indicated that social support was a significant factor of depressive symptoms in both groups and ADL was significantly associated with depressive symptoms among older Japanese. Based on our findings, we recommend means for social workers to address depression among older Japanese and Korean immigrants by improving social support and ADL.
Perceptual rivalry across animal species

This review in memoriam of Jack Pettigrew provides an overview of past and current research into the phenomenon of multistable perception across multiple animal species. Multistable perception is characterized by two or more perceptual interpretations spontaneously alternating, or rivaling, when animals are exposed to stimuli with inherent sensory ambiguity. There is a wide array of ambiguous stimuli across sensory modalities, ranging from the configural changes observed in simple line drawings, such as the famous Necker cube, to the alternating perception of entire visual scenes that can be instigated by interocular conflict. The latter phenomenon, called binocular rivalry, in particular caught the attention of the late Jack Pettigrew, who combined his interest in the neuronal basis of perception with a unique comparative biological approach that considered ambiguous sensation as a fundamental problem of sensory systems that has shaped the brain throughout evolution. Here, we examine the research findings on visual perceptual alternation and suppression in a wide variety of species including insects, fish, reptiles, and primates. We highlight several interesting commonalities across species and behavioral indicators of perceptual alternation. In addition, we show how the comparative approach provides new avenues for understanding how the brain suppresses opposing sensory signals and generates alternations in perceptual dominance.
Trajectories of autistic social traits in childhood and adolescence and disordered eating behaviours at age 14 years: A UK general population cohort study

Background Some people with eating disorders have difficulties with social communication. However, no longitudinal evidence regarding the direction of this association exists. We investigated trajectories of autistic social traits across childhood and adolescence in adolescents with and without disordered eating behaviours in early adolescence. Methods We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Our disordered eating measure indicated presence of any, monthly and weekly disordered eating (fasting, purging, dieting, binge eating) at age 14 years. Autistic social traits were reported by mothers using the Social and Communication Disorders Checklist (SCDC) at age seven, 11, 14 and 16 years. We modelled SCDC score trajectories using multilevel negative binomial models adjusting for a number of child‐ and maternal‐level confounders. Results Of the 5,381 adolescents included in our sample, 421 (7.8%) experienced one or more disordered eating behaviours, and 148 (2.8%) weekly episodes. Adolescents with disordered eating had a 20% increase in SCDC scores (relative risk (RR) 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.14, 1.32) compared to those without disordered eating. This association was particularly apparent for those reporting weekly (RR 1.43, 95%CI: 1.27, 1.61) as opposed to monthly disordered eating (RR 1.12, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.22). Conclusions Greater autistic social traits in childhood could represent a risk factor for the development of disordered eating in adolescence. Although mechanisms of this association need to be elucidated, clinicians should be aware that autistic social traits could have predated the eating disorder when managing people with these conditions.
Ecological social capital does not predict geographical variance in increases in depression following the 2008 financial crisis.

Research suggests that the financial crisis of 2008 and its aftermath were associated with an increase in mental health problems, but there has been little research into potential protective factors. Ecological social capital is a plausible candidate given evidence of its protective status following natural disasters. Pre-crisis area-level estimates of generalized trust and sense of belonging were computed from the 2004 to 2006 waves of the Living in Wales survey (N = 43,473) for 413 neighbourhoods in Wales, using multilevel regression with post-stratification, a technique for disaggregating survey data into small area estimates. Area estimates and the planned analysis were preregistered using Open Science Framework. Data (N = 180,462) from the Welsh Health Survey (2003-2015) were then used to model whether social capital was protective against depression in general and whether it moderated the increase in depression prevalence, associated with the financial crisis. Depression rates increased post-crisis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.271), and trust was a protective factor against depression (OR = 0.775). The hypothesized interaction, however, was not significant (OR = 1.033), nor was sense of belonging (OR = 0.934) or its interaction with the crisis (OR = 1.024). Although ecological generalized trust appears to be a protective factor against depression, it did not buffer against the mental health impact of the financial crisis.
Capacités adaptatives du turbot (Psetta maxima) juvénile à la photopériode

Des turbots d'un poids moyen initial de 32 g ont ete exposes pendant 60 jours a 4 photoperiodes constantes (8L:160, 12L:12O, 16L:8O, 24L:0O) et a 2 photophases variables : l'une croissante (de 12 a 16 h) et l'autre decroissante (de 12 a 8 h). Les autres parametres du milieu ont ete maintenus constants pendant les 2 mois de l'experimentation (temperature : 17 ± 0,5 °C, salinite : 34,5 ppm, intensite lumineuse : 2 W.m -2 , concentration en oxygene superieure a 6 mg.l -1 ). La survie, la croissance ponderale et differents indicateurs alimentaires (taux de conversion apparent, coefficients d'utilisation et d'efficacite proteiques) ont ete determines. L'excretion azotee (niveaux journaliers et profils horaires de l'excretion d'Azote Ammoniacal Total, AAT, et d'azote ureique) et certains parametres plasmatiques (osmolarite, natremie, kaliemie, chloremie, niveaux circulants des hormones thyroidiennes) ont ete mesures. Au cours de l'experience, aucune mortalite n'est apparue. Les croissances ponderales et les taux de croissance specifique ont ete identiques pour tous les traitements (poids moyens multiplies par trois en 60 jours). De meme, la prise alimentaire (1,5-1,7 % de la biomasse par jour), le taux de conversion alimentaire (0,70-0,75) et les coefficients d'utilisation (36-39 %) et d'efficacite (2,5-2,7) proteiques ne sont pas influences par la photoperiode. La composition corporelle des animaux en proteines, lipides totaux, cendres et eau n'a pas subi de modification au cours de l'experimentation. Osmolarite et electrolytes plasmatiques sont stables et identiques pour les differentes conditions. La thyroxine est stable quelle que soit la photoperiode, les niveaux circulants sont compris entre 2 et 4 ng.ml -1 . Les concentrations plasmatiques en T 3 apparaissent significativement differentes en fin d'experience : elles sont plus basses chez les animaux en photophase decroissante et chez ceux maintenus en photophase courte (8 h). Les taux journaliers d'excretion azotee sous la forme d'AAT (200-230 mg.kg -1 .j -1 ) et d'uree (65-75 mg.kg -1 .j -1 ) sont identiques pour tous les traitements. Les profils d'excretion azotee ont presente des differences notables selon la photoperiode. Lexcretion d'AAT est caracterisee par un pic post-prandial chez les animaux soumis a une alternance jour/nuit. Par contre, en eclairage continu, les taux horaires d'excretion d'AAT restent stables tout au long du nycthemere. Curee presente un pic nocturne dont l'amplitude, l'etalement et l'heure d'apparition dependent de la photoperiode. En eclairage continu, cette augmentation de l'excretion d'uree est observee a un moment durant lequel les autres poissons sont en phase nocturne. A l'instar d'autres especes de poissons plats, le turbot est peu sensible a la photoperiode du moins lorsque les conditions d'alimentation sont ajustees a la duree de la phase eclairee.