Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Classification of the Korean Anthozoa: 7. Scleractinia (Hexacorallia)

A systematic study of Korean stony corals was done with specimens from 16 localities in the coastal seas of Korea for the period of 1969 through 1981. The scleractinians identified in the present study turned out to be 17 species, 11 genera, six families and five suborders. They were all new to the Korean scleractinians founa: Psammocora profundacella, Alveopora japonica, Culicia japonica, Caryophyllia japonica, Cyathoceras niinoi, Heterocyathus aequicostatus, H.japonicus, Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) spiniger, Desmophyllum insignis, flabellum distinctum, F. rubrum, F. transversale, Dendrophyllia boschmai, D. bribrosa, D. florulenta, Tubastraea aurea and T. coccinea.
An overview of the current state of research on digital transformation / Author Alexandra Weinmann, BSc

In the past two decades, research on digital transformation received growing attention with a wide range of topics investigated in the current body of literature. With a two-step research approach employed, this paper aims to provide insights regarding the current state of the literature of digital transformation. First, the bibliometric analysis presents a comprehensive contextual picture of digital transformation research by analyzing the 39 most influential articles. Second, the systematic literature review provides a subsequent content analysis that classifies digital business transformation, technology as a driver for digital transformation, as well as institutional and societal impacts as major research avenues. By comparing the two analyses and its resulting cluster formations, research perspectives and key topics are discussed in context. The literature review provides justification for the bibliometric analysis employed while the findings address (1) how to handle and benefit from digital transformation in a business context, (2) the role of technology in context with digital transformation and how to deal with the scope of digital and technological change, and (3) how positively or negatively institutions and society are affected. At last, the paper concludes by outlining limitations and possible guidelines for future research.
The Value of Feather Meal as a Protein Supplement Source in Winter Supplements for Beef Cows1

Seventy-six spring calving and 65 fall calving beef cows were used to compare performance when 7.5 or 15% hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) replaced isonitrogenous amounts of soybean meal (SBM) in winter supplements. Supplements, CP%, and kg/d of supplement DM were: 1) negative control (NC) 23% CP, 1.18 kg; 2) SBM, 40% CP, 1.20 kg; 3) 7.5% HFM, 40% CP, 1.20 kg, and 4) 15% HFM, 40% CP, 1.20 kg. Spring calving cows grazing dormant native range and fed SBM lost less weight (P < .05) precalving and for the total winter period than NC cows with both HFM treatments intermediate. One out of 19 spring calving cows offered 7.5% HFM, and 2 out of 19 offered 15% HFM, refused to consume supplement and were removed from the study. When offered ad libitum prairie hay, fall calving cows fed NC lost more weight (P < .01) than HFM-fed cows and tended (P = .12) to lose more weight than SBM-fed cows. However, greater weight loss was noted for the HFM-fed cows compared to SBM when cows were switched from hay to dormant, standing range forage. Two heifers fitted with ruminal cannulae were used to measure N and DM degradation of three HFM samples, SBM, and the four supplements used for cow trials. Ruminal degradation of N and DM was greater (P < .02) for SBM than for any of the HFM samples. Pepsin N digestibility was less for all HFM samples than for SBM. The extent of ruminal N degradation between sources of HFM was highly variable. Results suggest HFM may be more appropriate for supplementation of higher quality forages than for dormant range and that consistency of HFM is a concern.
Studies of Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions Using the Electrodynamic Balance

An electrodynamic balance has been used to measure the water activity as a function of solute concentration at 20 °C for eleven single-electrolyte aqueous solutions - NaCl, NaBr, KCl, KBr, NH4Cl, Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, CaCl2, MnCl2, MnSO4 and FeCl3 - and three mixed-electrolyte aqueous solutions - NaCl-KCl, NaCl-KBr, and NaCl-(NH4)2SO4. The measurements were performed by levitating single, charged, 20-micron diameter droplets of these solutions within the balance and measuring the mass of the particles as a function of the surrounding relative humidity. The deliquescence behavior of the particles was also observed. Heterogeneous nucleation was inhibited due to the absence of container walls and because the small droplets were less likely than a bulk sample to contain foreign particles. Thus, this technique allowed the thermodynamics of highly concentrated solutions to be studied. For most of the solutions, water activity measurements were made to higher solute concentrations than have previously been reported. At low concentrations, the results were consistent with previously published data. Nucleation theory was used to estimate the surface excess free energy and critical nucleus size from the measured supersaturation at which nucleation occurred. For the single-electrolyte solutions, the dependence of the solute activity coefficient on concentration was calculated, and the features of this dependence are discussed in relationship to ionic hydration and association. Several semi-empirical electrolyte solution models were tested against the data, and it was found that salt-specific model parameters estimated from low concentration data could not be reliably used to predict the solution behavior at high concentrations. However, with estimated parameters based on the full range of the data, the models were able to represent the experimental data for single-electrolyte solutions to within the uncertainty in the measurements. Three models of mixed-electrolyte solutions — the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson, Reilly-Wood-Robinson and Pitzer methods — agreed well with the experimental data for the NaCl-KCl and NaCl-KBr systems over the range of concentration that the models could be applied. The mixing rules' predictions were consistent with the experimental observations for the NaCl-(NH4)2SO4 particles assuming a small amount of water was retained in the dry state.
Clash between Segment-level MT Error Analysis and Selected Lexical Similarity Metrics

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the quality of popular machine translation engines on three texts of different genre in a scenario in which both source and target languages are morphologically rich. Translations are obtained from Google Translate and Microsoft Bing engines and German-Croatian is selected as the language pair. The analysis entails both human and automatic evaluation. The process of error analysis, which is time-consuming and often tiresome, is conducted in the user-friendly Windows 10 application TREAT. Prior to annotation, training is conducted in order to familiarize the annotator with MQM, which is used in the annotation task, and the interface of TREAT. The annotation guidelines elaborated with examples are provided. The evaluation is also conducted with automatic metrics BLEU and CHRF++ in order to assess their segment-level correlation with human annotations on three different levels–accuracy, mistranslation, and the total number of errors. Our findings indicate that neither the total number of errors, nor the most prominent error category and subcategory, show consistent and statistically significant segment-level correlation with the selected automatic metrics.
Surfaces of Silver Birch (Betula pendula) are Sources of Biological Ice
Nuclei: In-vivo and In-situ Investigations

Silver birch (Betula pendula) is known to contain ice-nucleating macromolecules (INMs) to survive in harsh environments. However, little is known about the release and transport of INMs from birch trees into the atmosphere. In this study, we conducted in situ and in vivo investigations on INMs from nine birches growing in an alpine valley (Ötztal, Austria). A detailed analysis of drill cores showed that INM concentration increases towards outer layers, reaching its maximum near the surface. Aqueous extracts from the surfaces of leaves, bark, primary wood and secondary wood contained INMs (34/36) with concentrations ranging from 9.9× 105 to 1.8× 109 INMs cm−2. In a field study, we analysed the effect of precipitation on the release of these INMs attached to the surface of the trees. These experiments showed that INMs are splashed and aerosolized into the environment during rainfall events, at concentrations and freezing temperatures similar to in vivo samples. Our work sheds new light on the release and transport of INMs from birch surfaces into the troposphere. Birches growing in boreal and alpine forests should be considered an important terrestrial source of INMs.
Influence of migrants’ two-direction linkage on urban villages in China

Max. 300 words): China’s urban villages have been widely studied and identified by many scholars as migrant enclaves, recognizing their crucial role in providing affordable housing for migrant population. Due to the rapid urbanization and reform of the registration system, Chinese big cities have witnessed a huge inflow of rural migrant workers since late 1980s. Whereas they contribute a lot to the urban development, government fails to address formal housing provision for this group. In this case, urban villages grow informally, and with their prime location and low living cost, become ideal destination for migrant population. Despite extensive studies on development and redevelopment processes of urban villages, few have addressed impacts of migrants’ activities on these villages’ transformation. In contrast to a widely accepted perception that most migrants are eager to transit to the established city, a considerable population who are reluctant to permanently stay are identified in this paper. Besides the urban destination, migrants also relate constantly to their rural origins. The objective of this study is to explore and describe the space production by this specific group of migrants and the influence of the two-direction constant linkage on the housing conditions in urban villages. Qualitative research methods including participant observations and semi-structured interviews were adopted in the field research on Beijing’s urban villages. A case study approach was used to allow a close investigation into one of the most representative urban villages in Beijing, Shigezhuang Village.
Triceps-sparing Posterior Approach for Supracondylar Humeral Fracture in Children.

Background The most common pediatric elbow fracture is supracondylar humeral fracture which accounts for 60% of elbow fractures in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of open reduction and internal fixation of type III supracondylar humeral fractures using a Triceps sparing posterior approach. Methods In total, 98 patients were evaluated from June 2007 to 2014. Results According to the results, the mean age of the patients was 6.4 years. The ratios of males to females and the right to left hand were 2.06 and 2.26, respectively. Totally, 82% of fractures happened in the dominant hand which was right. The patients underwent surgery within approximately 50.16 hours after injury. Anatomic reduction and internal fixation were performed under direct vision with no need for image intensifier. The mean time of follow-up was 14.3 months, and all fractures healed clinically and radiologically. Moreover, the maximum lack of an extension was 15° and the obtained mean was 3.5°. Additionally, the mean final Bauman angle difference with healthy elbow was determined at 2.4°. The rate of complications was 19.3%, including pin tract infections (7%), pin loosening (3%), heterotopic ossification (4%), and wound dehiscence (1%). Furthermore, there were 4 cases (4%) of anterior interosseous nerve palsy, two of which happened before surgery, and the other two following the surgery. All of these complications were resolved within 3 to 10 weeks spontaneously. Conclusion This approach helped preserve the extensor mechanism and ulnar nerve intact to have an acceptable skin scar esthetically along with satisfactory postoperative function.
Pinacolone-Alcohol Gas-Phase Solvation Balances as Experimental Dispersion Benchmarks

The influence of distant London dispersion forces on the docking preference of alcohols of different size between the two lone electron pairs of the carbonyl group in pinacolone was explored by infrared spectroscopy of the OH stretching fundamental in supersonic jet expansions of 1:1 solvate complexes. Experimentally, no pronounced tendency of the alcohol to switch from the methyl to the bulkier tert-butyl side with increasing size was found. In all cases, methyl docking dominates by at least a factor of two, whereas DFT-optimized structures suggest a very close balance for the larger alcohols, once corrected by CCSD(T) relative electronic energies. Together with inconsistencies when switching from a C4 to a C5 alcohol, this points at deficiencies of the investigated B3LYP and in particular TPSS functionals even after dispersion correction, which cannot be blamed on zero point energy effects. The search for density functionals which describe the harmonic frequency shift, the structural change and the energy difference between the docking isomers of larger alcohols to unsymmetric ketones in a satisfactory way is open.
Observer Design for Estimation of Nonobservable States in Buildings

Efficient temperature control requires more than air temperature measurements. Relevant variables, such as wall, ceiling, and other construction temperature evolution are usually unmeasured. Estimation of such quantities is often difficult because they are not observable with respect to available data. Their availability however would allow efficient control design. In this paper, we propose a method for designing state observers that efficiently estimate not only observable but also nonobservable (but detectable) state variables. Our method uses contraction semigroup, to obtain observer with a monotonic error reduction. Proposed approach gives twice as fast estimation as pure simulation and avoids transitional error standard observer would have. Problem of state estimation in building control applications is an important one. Attractiveness of obtaining values of physically unmeasurable variables is easily visible, as it would allow more efficient methods of temperature control. In this paper, authors discuss the problem of such estimation using a lumped capacitance model. This type of model is usually only detectable but not observable. Methods of observer tuning for such systems are not discussed properly in the literature and require special consideration. In this paper, three approaches for estimation are compared: pure model, eigenvalue shifting, and contraction semigroup observer. Results are illustrated with numerical experiments.
Plagiarism Checker X Originality Report

The Revenue and Regional Expenditure in Aceh Province: Vector Error Correction (VEC) Approach Asnawi 1, Naufal Bachri 2, Rasyidin 3 and Aiyub 4 {asnawi@unimal.ac. id, naufal@unimal.ac. id,aiyub@unimal.ac. id} 1Department of Economics, Malikussaleh University, Indonesia 2 Department of Management Science, Malikussaleh University, Indonesia 3Department of Political Science, Malikussaleh University, Indonesia 4Department of Public Administration, Malikussaleh University, Indonesia Abstract : The purpose of this research is to analyze the correlation between revenue and regional expenditure in Aceh Province. The research uses time series data for the period 1985 to 2017.
POTENTIAL USE OF MINES AND QUARRIES SOLID WASTE IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND AS REPLACEMENT SOIL UNDRE FOUNDATIONS

In Egypt, large quantities of coarse solid wastes are produced annually during the processing ofphosphate ores and quarrying operations of marble and granite rocks. These wastes are stored inpiles around or near mine sites, which are aesthetically unattractive and often degrading theenvironment. Various solutions have been sought for this major environmental problem and the bestsolution found is recycling. However, these wastes , because of their similarity to the conventionalaggregates , represent a potentially useful source of material for a variety of applications ( inroadbed and dam construction , as railroad ballast ,as aggregate in concrete and asphalt mixes , …)The main purpose of this research is to investigate the possibility of utilizing the above mentionedthree waste materials in road construction (base and sub base) and as a replacement layers for theproblematic soil in foundations. Experimental tests were carried out on these wastes to assess theirphysical, mechanical and chemical properties, according to the Egyptian standards. The modifiedproctor and California bearing ratio (CBR) are the most important tests of soil compaction to assessthe suitability of any waste materials. The CBR value of phosphate waste is 88% , 95% for crushedmarble and about 41% for crushed granite. The obtained results proved that these kinds of wastescan be used in base and sub-base layers in road construction and as replacement soil underfoundations. The potential uses of these wastes are considered beneficial from the economic andenvironmental points of view and saving the natural resources of aggregate.
Microscopic anatomy of harderian gland in goats

The aim of this study was to describe the gross anatomy, morphometry, histology and histochemistry of the harderian gland in goats. A total number of six goat heads from three adult male and three adult females with an average age ranged from (7-9) months were collected from the corporation slaughter house, Perambur, Chennai. Right and left eyes were dissected out from six heads and harderian glands were obtained. The harderian gland of both male and female goats was heart shaped with two lobes (dorsal and ventral). The mean size of the gland was recorded as length 11.1 ± 0.11 mm, width 12.1 ±0.11 mm and thickness 5.0 ± 0.08 mm on the right side and length 12.1± 0.11 mm, width 12.5 ± 0.11 mm and thickness 6.0 ± 0.08 mm on the left side. Histologically, the gland was a holocrine compound tubuloalveolar gland. A thin connective tissue capsule surrounded the gland and septa divided the gland into lobes and lobules. The acini were lined with a single layer of columnar cells with small intracytoplasmic eosinophilic vacuoles apically and spherical nucleus with prominent nucleolus basally and were frequently binucleated. Fusiform shaped myoepithelial cells with elongated nucleus were found between the basal surface of the epithelial cell and the basement membrane. Duct system started with intralobular and interlobular duct and was drained with main excretory duct which opened into the inner surface of the nictitating membrane. Intralobular duct was lined with columnar epithelium. They converged into an interlobular duct to join the main collecting duct, with lining epithelium from stratified columnar to stratified squamous near its end. Histochemical studies with PAS stain revealed weak reaction in the capsule and septa and strong reaction in the cytoplasm of the acinar cells.
Estimating effectiveness of speed reduction measures for decreasing whale-strike mortality in a high-risk region

Recent estimates of blue (Balaenoptera musculus) and humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) whale ship-strike deaths on the US west coast are above the Potential Biological Removal limit determined by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Beginning in 2015, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration requested voluntary Vessel Speed Reductions (VSR) in the designated shipping routes off San Francisco, California, USA, in order to decrease whale mortality from ship strikes. We applied a ship strike model based on whale density and Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel data. We bootstrapped speeds from vessels that transited when no VSR was in place to assess the effect of the VSR on strike mortality rates. Finally, we calculated the expected mortality for hypothetical compliance scenarios by programmatically imposing speed caps. Average predicted mortality for the region was 2.7 blue whales and 7.0 humpback whales in a 4 month period. Compared to years prior to the VSR (2012−2014), vessel speeds during the VSR were slower. This lowered blue whale deaths within the shipping lanes by 11–13% and humpback whale deaths by 9–10% in 2016−2017. If 95% of mariners adhered to recommended 10 knot (kn) limits in the shipping lanes alone, we predicted twice as many blue whale and 3 times as many humpback whale deaths would be avoided relative to current adherence. Adding a 10 kn speed limit (with 95% coope ration) at the ends of each of the lanes would result in about 5and 4-fold reductions in blue whale and humpback whale mortality, respectively, relative to current practices. Our approach can evaluate ship strikes and mitigation measures for whale populations around the globe.
The response of salicylic acid on growth, yield and yield components of wheat varieties on timely and late sown conditions

The present investigation entitled “Effect of salicylic acid on growth, physio-chemical changes and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under high temperature at anthesis” was conducted at Students Instructional Farm of the Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.) during rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16. The experiment was planned under RBD (Randomized Block Design) with three replications. The treatment consisted of two date of sowing viz;25th November and 25th December with two varieties NW-5054 and NW-2036 with ten salicylic acid treatment viz; (T1)Control, (T2)Seed soaking in (0.25mM) salicylic acid, (T3)Foliar spray of (0.25mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS, (T4)Seed soaking in (0.25mM) salicylic acid + Foliar spray of (0.25mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS,(T5)Seed soaking in (0.50mM) salicylic acid, (T6)Foliar spray of (0. 50mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS, (T7) Seed soaking in (0.50mM) salicylic acid + Foliar spray of (0.5mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS,(T8)Seed soaking in (0.75mM) salicylic acid, (T9)Foliar spray of (0.75mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS, (T10) Seed soaking in (0.75mM) salicylic acid + Foliar spray of (0.75mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS. Results indicated that growth attributes such as plant height, number of tillers per plant and dry weight per plant influenced with the date of sowing. When late sown variety was planted timely all the growth attributes showed drastic reduction with respect to late sowing (25th December). However, NW-5054 showed comparatively good performance in terms of growth attributes at timely sown (25th November). Performance of NW-5054 was very good as compared to NW-2036 due to delayed sowing on 25th December. Application of salicylic acid significantly increased all growth attributes in both varieties under both timely and late sown. Time of sowing decreased substantially almost in all the yield components measured viz; number of ear per plant, ear length, number of grains per plant, test weight, biological yield and harvest index which caused severe reduction in yield. Overall, T10 (Seed soaking in (0.75mM) salicylic acid + Foliar spray of (0.75mM) salicylic acid at 30 DAS) treatment showed best result and T2 Seed soaking in (0.25mM) salicylic acid gave least. Overall growth attributes physiological traits and yield as well as yield components of wheat crop were adversely affected by time of sowing due to onset of high temperature during crop growth and particularly grain filling. All the salicylic acid treatments reduced the detrimental effect of heat stress on both the varieties by improving physiological traits which ultimately helped in obtaining higher yield.