Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Panax notoginseng Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Reducing Inflammation in Rats

Background Sepsis is defined as a host inflammatory response to infection that can result in end-organ dysfunction. One of the most common consequences of sepsis is acute kidney injury (AKI). Panax notoginseng powder (PNP) has been previously reported to protect against overactive inflammation process. However, the potential effect of PNP on septic AKI is poorly described. The current study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of PNP in septic AKI rats. Methods A model of septic AKI was established on male SD rats by using the cecal ligation and puncture procedure. PNP was administrated by gavage after the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedure, and the mice were sacrificed at 6, 12, and 72 h after induction of sepsis. The serum and kidney samples were collected and assayed for biochemical tests, histopathological staining, inflammation, and apoptosis-related gene/protein expression. In addition, 15 rats in each group were used to calculate the 7-day survival rate. Results CLP-induced kidney injury was observed by the histopathological score, which markedly was attenuated by PNP treatment. Consistently, PNP intervention significantly alleviated the elevated levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in CLP-induced sepsis rats. The CLP procedure also triggered proinflammatory cytokine production and increased the expression of various inflammation-related proteins in the kidneys. However, PNP inhibited the renal expression of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 to substantially improve inflammatory response. Mechanistically, CLP induced the increase of the NF-κB p65 level in the injured kidneys, while PNP notably inhibited the corresponding protein expression. Conclusion PNP attenuated kidney inflammation to protect against CLP-induced septic AKI in rats via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.
A Moderated Mediation Model of Emotion Regulation and Work-to-Family Interaction: Examining the Role of Emotional Labor for University Teachers in Pakistan

This study develops an Employee Emotional Engagement Model in the work and family domain using structural equation modeling. The effects of transiting from work to family role are measured via the experience sampling method over 2 weeks from 126 university teachers. Multilevel modeling results indicate that family engagement worsened when employees engaged in surface acting but improved when they engaged in deep acting. Furthermore, work-to-family conflict mediates the negative relationship between surface acting and family engagement, while work-to-family enrichment mediates the positive relationship of deep acting on family engagement. Employees older in age, married, and with bigger family size predict a higher level of work-to-family conflict and lower level of work-to-family enrichment. Findings reveal that females experienced stronger enrichment from work to family while deep acting compared to males. Analyses also revealed that family engagement strongly predicts work engagement in employees.
Impact of Soft Electron Precipitation on the Thermospheric Neutral Mass Density During Geomagnetic Storms: GITM Simulations

In this study, the impact of improving soft (0.1–1 keV) electron precipitation on the F‐region neutral mass density has been evaluated using the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model (GITM). Two types of electron energy spectra having the same total energy flux and average energy but different spectral shapes have been used to specify the electron precipitation in GITM. One is the Maxwellian spectrum and the other is from an empirical model, Auroral Spectrum and High‐Latitude Electric field variabilitY (ASHLEY), which provides stronger (up to 2–3 orders of magnitude) soft electron precipitations than the Maxwellian spectrum. Data‐model comparisons indicate that the storm‐time orbital averaged neutral density can be increased by 10%–40% and is more consistent with the observation if the non‐Maxwellian ASHLEY spectrum is used. This study reveals the importance of accurate soft electron precipitation specifications in the whole auroral zone to improving the F‐region neutral mass density estimations.
Measuring Sustainability for Rural Settlement Development: Environmental Balance Assessment Based on the Ecological Footprint

AbstractRural areas support urban areas by preserving natural environments such as forests and agricultural food products. However, because of urbanization after the high-growth period, the ecological balance has deteriorated because of land development, abandonment of cultivation, automobile dependency, and similar factors. This study assessed an improved method of calculating the ecological footprint (EF) value, which assigns a rating for environmental balance in rural areas. Residents’ consumption is calculated based on the environmental load (cultivation, CO2 emission, and similar loads) that residents generate during daily life activities. A case study of Tsukuba city in Ibaraki Prefecture reveals a wide distribution of traditional settlements for which this system can determine the environmental balance. Analysis of the case study shows: (1) environmental productivity and consumption capacity differed greatly according to the advancement of urban development, and (2) only a few settlements, located .
Gene essentiality profiling reveals a novel determinant of stresses preventing protein aggregation in Salmonella

ABSTRACT Adaptation to various stresses during infection is important for Salmonella Typhimurium virulence, while the fitness determinants under infection-relevant stress conditions remain unknown. Here, we simulated conditions Salmonella encountered within the host or in the environment by 15 individual stresses as well as two model cell lines (epithelium and macrophage) to decipher the genes and pathways required for fitness. By high-resolution Tn-seq analysis, a total of 1242 genes were identified as essential for fitness under at least one stress condition. The comparative analysis of fitness determinants in 17 stress conditions indicated the essentiality of genes varied in different mimicking host niches. A total of 12 genes were identified as fitness determinants in all stress conditions, including recB, recC, and xseA (encode three exonuclease subunits necessary for DNA recombination repair) and a novel essential fitness gene yheM. YheM is a putative sulfurtransferase subunit that is responsible for tRNA modification, and our results showed that Salmonella lacking yheM accumulated more aggregates of endogenous protein than wild-type. Moreover, we established a scoring scheme for sRNA essentiality analysis and found STnc2080 of unknown function was essential for resistance to LL-37. In summary, we systematically dissected Salmonella gene essentiality profiling and demonstrated the general and specific adaptive requirements in infection-relevant niches. Our data not only provide valuable insights on how Salmonella responds to environmental stresses during infections but also highlight the potential clinical application of fitness determinants in vaccine development.
EFFECTS OF EARLY HEAT STRESS ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN TWO LOCAL STRAINS OF CHICKENS

A total number of 500 two weeks old sexed chicks from each strain (Inshas and Matrouh) were used to study the effects of early heat stress on productive performance and some physiological and immunological traits. The chicks were divided randomly into five equal experimental groups (100 chicks for each group, 50 male and 50 female chicks). The first group didn't received any treatment and served as control, The second group was exposed to early (6 weeks of age) heat stress without any anti - stress, The third group received the same treatment as the second group with anti -stress, The fourth was exposed to both early (6 weeks of age) and late (12 weeks of age) heat exposure, without anti-stress, The last group received the same treatment as fourth group with anti- stress. The heat stress was for 4 hours / day for 5 consecutive days at 38- 40°c inside the house and the anti-stress was vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) where it was added at level of 3 gm (20% concentration) / liter drinking water during one day before heat exposure until the end of the treatment. The obtained results summarized as following: take the same trend as body weight. the sex male body weight gain was higher strains.
Promoting the Tourism Traffic Incoming to Nubia Area

The purpose of this study is to promote the tourism traffic incoming to Nubia area. This study focused on determining the factors that influence visiting tourists to the Nubia area. Moreover, it aims to identify the promotional efforts of travel agencies and both Ministry of Tourism and Egyptian tourism Authority For promoting this area. On the other hand, it detects the different obstacles that the travel agencies, Ministry of Tourism and Egyptian tourism Authority faced during promoting the Nubia area and working on overcoming them. This research employed a method of the descriptive-analytical methodology. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used. A questionnaire based on a quantitative approach was distributed among a random sample of Egyptian and foreign tourists. Moreover, a qualitative technique based on interviews was conducted with a sample of officials and experts in tourism, which included with twenty marketing managers of travel agencies in Aswan and five employees in the office of Ministry of tourism and Egyptian Tourism Authority in Aswan. Statistical Package for Social Science is used for data input and analysis in the descriptive statistics. The result showed that there are great promotional efforts to promote and market the
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Biophysical Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study of Offa Woreda, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

Soil erosion is a serious environmental and natural resource issue in Ethiopia, posing a significant threat to agricultural productivity and being one of the principal drivers of land degradation and soil fertility reduction. Evaluating the biophysical soil and water conservation structures’ effectiveness in Offa Woreda, Wolaita Zone, was the focus of the study. Purposive sampling was used to select the three kebeles that make up this watershed. W/Dekeya, Wareza, and Yakima are the three watersheds chosen for the selected study area. To meet the objective of this study, 504, 325, and 442 family heads were sampled. They comprised the overall 17% (227) of the study participants that were selected. Those who knew how to conserve soil and water, causes of degradation, and sensitive areas of their own plots of land in the study area received preference. The lack of capital, a short stretch of land, and various socioeconomic and physical conditions impeded the use of soil and water conservation systems. As a result, farmers have a reasonable position of the current biophysical soil and water conservation systems. Farmers in the study communities are aware of some traditional soil and water conservation practices as a measure to protect and restore the fertility and productivity of their farmlands. Community participation in encouraging farmers to participate in soil and water conservation practices is critical to resolving the issue of cutting-edge poverty, food insecurity, and environmental deterioration. From the study, we recommend that the government implements specific coverage and techniques as well as corrective intervention from nongovernmental organizations.
Analysis of Industrial Engineering Students’ Perception after a Multiple Integrals-Based Activity with a Fourth-Year Student

In industrial engineering degrees in Spain, mathematics subjects are usually taught during the first two academic years. Consequently, it is often the case that students sometimes do not feel motivated to learn subjects such as Mathematics II (calculus). Nevertheless, this subject is fundamental for understanding other subjects in the degree study plan, as well as for the graduate’s future professional career as an engineer. To address this, a problem-based teaching methodology was carried out with the help of a fourth-year student who explained an activity to first-year students in a manner which was both friendly and approachable. In this experiment, the student went through a series of practical problems taken from different engineering subjects, which required multivariable integrals to be calculated and which he had learned in mathematics as a first-year student. In addition, a method based on pre-test and post-test assessments was applied. From this work, various benefits were observed in terms of learning, as well as an increase in the level of motivation of first-year students. There was a greater appreciation of the usefulness of calculus and computer programs to solve real-life problems, and the students generally responded positively to this type of activity.
Influence of the Trap's Depth and Meteorological Parameters on Population Fluctuations of Psammotermes hypostoma (Desneux) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Workers

There is a gap in knowledge regarding the impact of trap depths on Psammotermes hypostoma ( Desneux) population variations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of trap depths and some physical parameters on worker population fluctuations. From September 2019 to August 2020, 1300, El-Sebay-modified traps within Poly Vinyl Chloride (P.V.C.) tubes were used at several depths of 10 cm, to 150 cm in Qena City, Egypt. Furthermore, temperatures and relative humidity % were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The current findings illustrated the highest percentage (34.04%) at 10 cm depth, inversely, the lowest was (7.24%) at 100 cm depth. Interestingly, the 36 th week (April) at 50 cm depth had the highest mean number of individuals (234.60 ± 12.9). Although, at 10 cm depth, the lowest mean number of individuals was 0.20 ± 0.20 in the 19 th week. On the other hand, result analysis demonstrated that both maximum and minimum temperatures had a substantial positive effect on the worker activity at 10 cm depth where r = 0.333 and 0.318, respectively. However, there was a significant negative effect at 150 cm depth between the maximum, and minimum temperatures. Additionally, RH% had a significant positive effect at 150 cm depth and a negative significant effect at 10 and 50 cm depths, respectively. Thus, it's concluded that the abundance of individuals is inversely proportional to the soil depth furthermore temperature, and directly the relative humidity. So, in the future, this could be a viable result for managing subterranean termites.
Numerical Analysis and Optimal CFD Model Verification of Piezoelectric Inkjet Printhead

Flow dynamics accurate prediction is critical for the early-stage design and performance optimization of the piezoelectric (PZT) printhead. To achieve this, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method has been widely used. However, for accurate fluid simulation of the PZT printhead, the optimal parameters settings still need to be clarified, which will be discussed in full in this paper. The modelling work is divided into two sub-parts, namely, a three-dimensional (3-D) modelling for the ink chamber and a two-dimensional (2-D) modelling for the nozzle-air domain. Simulations of the 3-D ink chamber were carried out firstly, thereby the transient mass flow rate of the ink outflow from the chamber could be obtained, which will be set as the inlet boundary condition of the 2-D nozzle-air simulations. To ensure accuracy and convergence of 2-D simulations, independence tests of the mesh grid and time step were performed, where the Fine level mesh density and 1e-8 s time step were identified as the optimal choice. And this combination was adopted in the transient simulations of the droplet ejection process. For the model validation purpose, an experimental test rig was developed, and comparisons between the simulations and experimental tests show a good agreement, verifying the accuracy of the developed model. In addition, to validate the feasibility of the developed model, the effect of the ink viscosity on the droplet ejection process was tested, and the results were consistent with those produced by published literature, confirming the feasibility of the CFD model developed in this paper.
Multi-Signal Detection Framework: A Deep Learning Based Carrier Frequency and Bandwidth Estimation

Multi-signal detection is of great significance in civil and military fields, such as cognitive radio (CR), spectrum monitoring, and signal reconnaissance, which refers to jointly detecting the presence of multiple signals in the observed frequency band, as well as estimating their carrier frequencies and bandwidths. In this work, a deep learning-based framework named SigdetNet is proposed, which takes the power spectrum as the network’s input to localize the spectral locations of the signals. In the proposed framework, Welch’s periodogram is applied to reduce the variance in the power spectral density (PSD), followed by logarithmic transformation for signal enhancement. In particular, an encoder-decoder network with the embedding pyramid pooling module is constructed, aiming to extract multi-scale features relevant to signal detection. The influence of the frequency resolution, network architecture, and loss function on the detection performance is investigated. Extensive simulations are carried out to demonstrate that the proposed multi-signal detection method can achieve better performance than the other benchmark schemes.
Alcohol Use Disorder: Neurobiology and Therapeutics

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) encompasses the dysregulation of multiple brain circuits involved in executive function leading to excessive consumption of alcohol, despite negative health and social consequences and feelings of withdrawal when access to alcohol is prevented. Ethanol exerts its toxicity through changes to multiple neurotransmitter systems, including serotonin, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, acetylcholine, and opioid systems. These neurotransmitter imbalances result in dysregulation of brain circuits responsible for reward, motivation, decision making, affect, and the stress response. Despite serious health and psychosocial consequences, this disorder still remains one of the leading causes of death globally. Treatment options include both psychological and pharmacological interventions, which are aimed at reducing alcohol consumption and/or promoting abstinence while also addressing dysfunctional behaviours and impaired functioning. However, stigma and social barriers to accessing care continue to impact many individuals. AUD treatment should focus not only on restoring the physiological and neurological impairment directly caused by alcohol toxicity but also on addressing psychosocial factors associated with AUD that often prevent access to treatment. This review summarizes the impact of alcohol toxicity on brain neurocircuitry in the context of AUD and discusses pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies currently available to treat this addiction disorder.
Histone Deacetylases as Epigenetic Targets for Treating Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease that is increasingly becoming a global threat to the health and life of the elderly worldwide. Although there are some drugs clinically available for treating PD, these treatments can only alleviate the symptoms of PD patients but cannot completely cure the disease. Therefore, exploring other potential mechanisms to develop more effective treatments that can modify the course of PD is still highly desirable. Over the last two decades, histone deacetylases, as an important group of epigenetic targets, have attracted much attention in drug discovery. This review focused on the current knowledge about histone deacetylases involved in PD pathophysiology and their inhibitors used in PD studies. Further perspectives related to small molecules that can inhibit or degrade histone deacetylases to treat PD were also discussed.
Thermal Runaway and Fire of Electric Vehicle Lithium Ion Battery and Contamination of Infrastructure Facility

Thermal runaway and the subsequent fire of electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries cause a specific type of contamination. In order to assess the resulting risks of damage to critical infrastructure and to human health, we perform practical thermal runaway experiments with lithium-ion battery modules of an approved, commercially available electric vehicle. Extensive chemical analyses identify and quantify the soot depositions in ventilated and non-ventilated rooms. Contamination mainly consists of the metal oxides of the cathode material, lithium and fluoride compounds. Their influence on surfaces, protective textiles as well as their corrosiveness to typical metals and the impairment of electrical and electronic devices is low. The analysis of sprinkling and cooling water shows the necessary extent of its decontamination. Recommendations include preventive and mitigating measures for the appropriate handling of contamination caused by fires from lithium-ion battery powered electric vehicles.
Acute Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplements on Lower-Body Strength in Female Athletes: Double-Blind Crossover Randomized Trial

Background: Beetroot juice (BRJ) is used as an ergogenic aid, but no previous study has analyzed the effect this supplement has on the production of explosive force and muscular endurance in physically active women. Hypothesis: BRJ improves explosive force and muscular endurance in the lower limbs of physically active women. Study Design: Randomized double-blind crossover study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Fourteen physically active women performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) test, a back squat test for assessing velocity and power at 50% and 75% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), and the number of repetitions on a muscular endurance test consisting of 3 sets at 75% of 1RM in a resistance training protocol comprising 3 exercises (back squat, leg press, and leg extension). The participants performed the test in 2 sessions, 150 minutes after ingesting 70 mL of either BRJ (400 mg of nitrate) or a placebo (PLA). Results: A greater maximum height was achieved in the CMJ after consuming BRJ compared with a PLA (P = 0.04; effect size (ES) = 0.34). After a BRJ supplement at 50% 1RM, a higher mean velocity [+6.7%; P = 0.03; (ES) = 0.39 (–0.40 to 1.17)], peak velocity (+6%; P = 0.04; ES = 0.39 [−0.40 to 1.17]), mean power (+7.3%; P = 0.02; ES = 0.30 [−0.48 to 1.08]) and peak power (+6%; P = 0.04; ES = 0.20 [−0.59 to 0.98]) were attained in the back squat test. In the muscular endurance test, BRJ increased performance compared with the PLA (P < 0.00; ηp2 = 0.651). Conclusion: BRJ supplements exert an ergogenic effect on the ability to produce explosive force and muscular endurance in the lower limbs in physically active women. Clinical Relevance: If physically active women took a BRJ supplement 120 minutes before resistance training their performance could be enhanced.