Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decrease in α-Globin and Increase in the Autophagy-Activating Kinase ULK1 mRNA in Erythroid Precursors from β-Thalassemia Patients Treated with Sirolimus

The β-thalassemias are hereditary monogenic diseases characterized by a low or absent production of adult hemoglobin and excess in the content of α-globin. This excess is cytotoxic for the erythroid cells and responsible for the β-thalassemia-associated ineffective erythropoiesis. Therefore, the decrease in excess α-globin is a relevant clinical effect for these patients and can be realized through the induction of fetal hemoglobin, autophagy, or both. The in vivo effects of sirolimus (rapamycin) and analogs on the induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) are of key importance for therapeutic protocols in a variety of hemoglobinopathies, including β-thalassemias. In this research communication, we report data showing that a decrease in autophagy-associated p62 protein, increased expression of ULK-1, and reduction in excess α-globin are occurring in erythroid precursors (ErPCs) stimulated in vitro with low dosages of sirolimus. In addition, increased ULK-1 mRNA content and a decrease in α-globin content were found in ErPCs isolated from β-thalassemia patients recruited for the NCT03877809 clinical trial and treated with 0.5–2 mg/day sirolimus. Our data support the concept that autophagy, ULK1 expression, and α-globin chain reduction should be considered important endpoints in sirolimus-based clinical trials for β-thalassemias.
A meta-synthesis study on the effect of critical thinking on improving language skills

The current meta-synthesis study investigated the effective strategies for improving critical thinking ability among EFL/ESL learners, and the relationship between language learning skills and critical thinking ability. To achieve this aim, meta-synthesis was selected as the design of the study. Therefore, some databases were searched using the defined key terms, in order to select the related qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies. As a result, 550 articles were found, 43 articles of which were included in the final review. Using thematic analysis, the obtained data from these 43 articles were analyzed in 6 steps and then coded for each research question. Although no single method was proposed in this study as the best to improve critical thinking, it was indicated that a number of them together can be effective when properly implemented. It was shown that all 4 language skills can be improved by enhancing the level of critical thinking ability among EFL/ESL learners.
Barriers and bridges: early human dispersals in equatorial SE Asia

Abstract Past environments of equatorial SE Asia must have played a critical role in determining the timing and trajectory of early human dispersal into and through the region. However, very few reliable terrestrial records are available with which to contextualize human dispersal events. This circumstance, coupled with a sparse archaeological record and the likelihood that much of the archaeological record is now submerged, means we have an incomplete understanding of the role that geography, climate and environment played in shaping human pre-history in this region. From a review of the literature, we conclude that there must have been a substantial environmental barrier resulting in a genetic separation between east and west Sundaland that persisted even though a terrestrial connection was present for most of the Pleistocene. This barrier is likely to be a north–south corridor of open non-forest vegetation, and its existence may have encouraged the rapid dispersal of early humans through the interior of Sundaland and on to Sahul. We conclude that more reliable terrestrial palaeoenvironmental records are required to better understand the links between past environments and dispersal events. We highlight avenues of particular research value, such as focusing on eastern Sumatra, western/southern Borneo and the islands in the Java Sea, where the purported savanna corridor most probably existed, and including edaphic factors in palaeovegetation modelling.
Development of a Technology for Protein-Based, Glueless Belevskaya Pastille with Study of the Impact of Probiotic Sourdough Dosage and Technological Parameters on Its Rheological Properties

The proper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in strengthening the immune system. It is an undeniable fact that lactic acid microorganisms are necessary for the proper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, the source of which are mainly dairy products. However, there is a problem with the digestibility of lactose; therefore, alternative sources and carriers of probiotics are of particular interest. Due to its dietary and natural properties, protein marshmallow can serve as such a carrier. Therefore, the direction of this study is to identify the dependence of technological factors on the rheological properties of the product and the growth of lactic acid microorganisms in confectionery products enriched with lyophilised strains. According to the results of the study, the following was determined: the optimal technology to produce enriched Belevskaya pastille with a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus makes it possible to obtain a product with the necessary rheological properties, utilising a mass drying mode in a dehydrator at 50 °C for 16 h. The strains L. acidophilus M3 and L. acidophilus M4 were the most resistant to a high concentration of bile (40%) in the substrate. Based on the analysis of variance and the obtained regression equations, it was revealed that the growth of lactic acid microorganisms in the product was strongly influenced by the amount of ferment introduced (R² = 0.96). The level of penetration is influenced by factors such as the amount of probiotic starter introduced, the drying time and the interaction of drying time factors on the amount of starter added. The higher the level of penetration, the crumblier the product. The resulting functional product can be characterized as symbiotic since the main raw material of plant origin contains a large amount of fibre, which acts as a prebiotic, and the strain of microorganism, which acts as a probiotic. The data described in the article can be applied in the technological processes of similar products to regulate the structure of the product and vary the dosage of enrichment with probiotic starter cultures.
Individual seasonality index of rainfall regimes in Greece

The study of rainfall seasonality in different geographical areas in Greece using an individual seasonality index was the purpose of the present work. The correlation of the seasonality index (SI — , sum of the absolute deviation of mean monthly rainfall from the overall monthly mean divided by the mean annual rainfall) with the mean individual seasonality index (SIi — average of SIi for each year i) was initially determined. A regression analysis of SI — with geographical latitude resulted in a statistically significant inverse linear correlation. The time series trend of the SIi was examined to verify that no significant change in rainfall seasonality occurred.
Increasing customer equity through social media content and engagement

Objective: The objective of the article is to investigate the impact of social media content on engagement and customer equity. The moderating role of the customer relationship is also analyzed. The purpose of this research was to find out the types of content that can increase engagement and customer equity and what is the role of customer relationships in strengthening the influence of that content. Research Design & Methods: The online survey responses were collected from 250 respondents in Indonesia who have shopping experiences due to exposure to social media. I used structural equation modelling (SEM AMOS) to examine the relationship between variables. Findings: Social media content can affect increased customer engagement and equity on social media. Good content must also contain several elements of entertainment that make customers want to linger on social media. Customer relationships can also strengthen the influence of content on social media engagement. Implications & Recommendations: Marketers can strengthen content on social media with good customer relationships, such as being fast and responsive in their feedback. Contribution & Value Added: This study provides new insights into creating a social media content marketing model that can strengthen customer relationships.
Laacher See Tephra: A widespread isochronous late Quaternary tephra layer in central and northern Europe

A late Quaternary tephra layer, widespread in central and northern Europe, resulted from explosive Plinian and phreatomagmatic eruptions of the Laacher See Volcano 11,000 yr B.P. The tephra is distinguished from other late Quaternary andesitic-rhyolitic airfall tuff layers in northern Europe and from basaltic or trachytic tuff deposits in southern Europe by its phonolitic composition and abundance of sanidine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene, amphibole, and sphene. The proximal tephia sequence at Laacher See is divided into three main deposits: the predominantly Plinian deposits of Lower and Middle Laacher See Tephra (LLST and MLST) and phreatomagmatic deposits of the Upper Laacher See Tephra (ULST). The MLST member is further subdivided into beds A, B, and C1, C2, and C3. The chemical composition of the magma is highly differentiated phonolite in the LLST to MLST B sections but mafic phonolite in the MLST C1 to ULST sections. All deposits are considered to be isochronous, the frequency maximum of 16 radiocarbon datings indicating an eruption about 11,000 ±50 yr B.P. Distal ash was deposited in three main fans directed to the northeast (LST traced up to 1,100 km distance), south (LST traced up to 600 km), and southwest (LST traced up to 100 km). Tephrostratigraphic correlation of the distal ash deposits is based on (a) the major-element composition of glass shards, (b) lithology, and (c) heavy-mineral analyses. The northeastern fan consists of deposits from LLST, MLST B, and MLST C1 eruptive phases, the southern fan comprises MLST A, MLST C2, and ULST deposits, and the southwestern fan consists exclusively of ash from the ULST eruptive phase. Northeastern transport of ash during eruptive phases, with high Plinian eruption columns, but southern and southwestern transport of ash along phases of relatively low eruption columns, are interpreted in terms of prevailing southwesterly paleowinds at high altitudes (tropopause level? ) but northerly winds dominating in the lower atmosphere. The Laacher See eruption columns were emplaced into an atmosphere vertically zoned with respect to paleowind directions, which also explains the near-vent shifting of LLST, MLST B, and MLST C1 iso-pach axes from east-southeast to northeast within the first 20 km of transport.
Conifer and vegetation response in the BWBSmw1 12 years after mechanical and herbicide site preparation

ii The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the Government of British Columbia of any product or service to the exclusion of any others that may also be suitable. iii SUMMARY During , three vegetation management treatments were applied to a backlog rehabilitation site in the Boreal White and Black Spruce (bwbs) mw biogeoclimatic subzone near Dawson Creek, British Columbia. Two herbicides, glyphosate and hexazinone, were aerially applied at  and  kg ai/ha, respectively, to plots with a mixed stand of Populus tremuloides (aspen), Salix bebbiana (willow), Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera (balsam poplar), Betula papyrifera (birch), and Calamagrostis canadensis (bluejoint reedgrass). A third area was not treated with herbicide (control). The treated and control areas were cleared of all vegetation and debris in the subsequent winter and planted the following May with Picea glauca (white spruce) seedlings. The trial site was remeasured during  ( years post-treatment) to determine whether the treatments had any lasting effects on the growth and development of the planted spruce. Both the glyphosate and hexazinone treatments produced spruce seedlings significantly larger (. and . times, respectively) than those found in the control area. No significant difference was evident in the number of well-spaced spruce per hectare between the herbicide and control areas. However, the control area had significantly less free-growing spruce than the herbicide-treated areas because of the presence of a balsam poplar overstorey. Differences in broadleaf vegetation were apparent between the treatment areas. The control area had an overstorey of poplar (  stems per hectare) and a shrub layer of browsed willow and birch ( stems per hectare). The hexazinone-treated areas contained  stems per hectare of overstorey Alnus viridis (Sitka alder) found in patches, and a shrub layer of browsed willow and birch ( stems per hectare). In contrast, the glyphosate-treated areas had only a shrub layer of heavily browsed willow and birch ( stems per hectare). Separate vegetation assessments were completed in August . The results suggested lower species diversity in the hexazinone area when compared to the control and glyphosate areas. Analysis of the percentage of cover of forage species showed significantly greater cover in the control area compared to the herbicide-treated areas. This difference was primarily due to the increased cover of poplar in …
Climatic factors and prolonged neonatal jaundice

Prolonged neonatal jaundice (PrNJ) in full-term newborns(NB) is defined if it persists beyond the 14th day after birth. Clinical experience shows that seasons of the year influence the frequency and severity of neonatal jaundice (NJ). Objective: To establish the role of climatic factors on PrNJ expression in term neonates. Material and methods: The study was conducted at the Neonatology Department of University Hospital "Medica Ruse" with 92 full-term newborns who were with PrNJ. The follow-up of NJ was carried out with transcutaneous bilirubinometry. The NBs are residents of Ruse region, Republic of Bulgaria. Results: We found that air temperature directly affects the levels of bilirubin(BR) for the entire neonatal period and the duration of PrNJ. The amount of rainfall during the first two weeks after birth directly correlated with bilirubinemia at end of neonatal period and the duration of PrNJ. A higher level of atmospheric pressure during the early neonatal period was associated with lower BR levels at the same and a shorter duration of PrNJ. The degree of cloudiness after postnatal day 14 is inversely related to the levels of BR and the duration of the PrNJ. Sunshine during the first two weeks affects the levels of BR on the end of neonatal perod and the prolongation of PrNJ. Conclusion: According to our data climatic factors: air temperature, amount of rainfaull, atmospheric pressure, degree of cloudiness, duration of sunshine affect the degree of manifestation and duration of PrNJ.
Serological analysis reveals differential antibody responses between TB patients and latently infected individuals from the TB endemic country of Mozambique

Serological antibody profiling of tuberculosis (TB) patients and household contacts with latent TB infection (LTBI) could identify risk indicators of disease progression, and potentially also serve as an easily accessible diagnostic tool to discriminate between these two stages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Yet, despite significant efforts over many decades, neither application has yet fully materialised, and this is at least in part due to inconsistent and varying antibody profiles from different TB endemic regions. In this study, we conducted a retrospective exploratory analysis of serum antibodies in a cohort of active TB patients (ATB) and their interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) positive household contacts (LTBI), as well as healthy controls (HC) from Mozambique, a country with a high TB burden from the Sub-Saharan region. Using several Mtb antigens as well as crude preparations of culture filtrate proteins (CFP) from Mtb and Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG), we report that the most discriminatory response for TB and LTBI was observed for serum IgA antibodies to the MPT64 antigen, followed by IgG antibodies to Ag85B and CFP, with ATB patients having significantly higher levels than LTBI or BCG-vaccinated healthy controls. Conversely, sera from LTBI individuals had higher levels of IgG antibodies to the HBHA antigen than ATB. While our sample size (n = 21 for ATB, 18 for LTBI and 17 for HC) was too small to fully evaluate the diagnostic potential of these differing serological profiles, our study however preliminarily indicated high level of sensitivity (95%) and specificity (97%) of an ELISA MPT64-IgA test for discriminating TB from LTBI and healthy controls, supporting the notion that it alone, or possibly in combination with other antigens such as Ag85B or CFP could lead to development of an easily accessible diagnostic tool for TB.
Geology and magnetite deposits of the Franklin quadrangle and part of the Hamburg quadrangle, New Jersey

__________________________________________ Introduction and acknowledgments. __________________ Geography. ________________________________________ Previous work. _____________________________________ Rocks of metasedimentary origin _____________________ Marble or metalimestone________________________ Quartz-potassium feldspar and associated gneiss____ Pyroxenic gneiss. _______________________________ Garnetiferoxis gneiss and amphibolite____________ Hypersthene-quartz-oligoclase gneiss______________ Biotite-quartz-feldspar and associated gneiss_---__Epidote-scapolite-quartz gneiss and associated rocks. Miscellaneous gneiss. ___________________________ Stratigraphy of metasedimentary gneiss. ______________ Orthogneiss. _______________________________________ Metagabbro gneiss. _____________________________ Syenite gneiss. _________________________________ Igneous rocks. _____________________________________ Pyroxene syenite, pyroxene granite, and pyroxene alaskite series. _______________________________ Petrology. _-------______--__________. _____ Sparta Lake belt__________________________ Ford belt. __. -_-. -______. ____. ___________ Holland belt. ______________________________ Hyper«thene granite, _______________________ Hornblende granite and alaskite__________________ Rocks of uncertain origin-___________________________ Amphibolite_ ___________________________________ Quartz-oligoclase gneiss. _________________________ Biotite-quartz-oligoclase gneiss. _______________,. _ Albite alaskite________________________________ Quartz-microcline gneiss. ________________________ Dikes. ____________________________________________ Petrogenesis ______________________________________ Pyroxenic gneiss. _______________________________ Quartz-potassium feldspar gneiss and associated epidotic gneiss. _______________________________ Quartz-oligoclase rocks. _________________________ Hypersthene-quartz-oligoclase gneiss__________ Quartz-oligoclase gneiss (Losee Gneiss)________ Amphibolite_ _ ________________________________ Quartz-microcline gneiss. ________________________ Hornblende and pyroxene syenite orthogneiss_____ Granitic and syenitic rocks_______________________ Metamorphic facies_____________________________ Franklin block. ____________________________ Beaver Lake block__________________________ Ryker Lake block_________________________ Comparison with nearby areas. _______________ Page 1 1 2 3 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 11 12 12 12 15 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 20 20 20 21 22 22
Order Book Dynamics with Liquidity Fluctuations: Asymptotic Analysis of Highly Competitive Regime

We introduce a class of Markov models to describe the bid–ask price dynamics in the presence of liquidity fluctuations. In a highly competitive regime, the spread evolution belongs to a class of Markov processes known as a population process with uniform catastrophes. Our mathematical analysis focuses on establishing the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, and large deviations for this catastrophe-based model. Large deviation theory allows us to illustrate how huge deviations in the spread and prices can occur in the model. Moreover, our research highlights how these local trends and volatility are influenced by the typical values of the bid–ask spread. We calibrated the model parameters using available high-frequency data and conducted Monte Carlo numerical simulations to demonstrate its ability to reasonably replicate key phenomena in the presence of liquidity fluctuations.
An Evaluation of Real-Time Deformation Monitoring Using Motion Capture Instrumentation and Its Application in Monitoring Railway Foundations

Although railroad embankments can be built over peat foundations, train loads can cause large cyclic strains to be produced within the foundation. This study evaluates the use of a motion capture instrumentation system called the ShapeAccelArray (SAA) to monitor the response of a railroad embankment and the underlying soft peat mire foundation soils to freight train loading. Initial datasets were obtained from the SAA installed in a railway embankment. Findings from these datasets suggested that the SAA may not be able to provide accurate displacement measurements except at very low frequencies of motion. Laboratory testing of the SAA confirmed that the output from the SAA system (inclusive of software) would provide inaccurate measurement of horizontal deformations during large cyclic motions. The magnitude of acceleration associated with the cyclical motion on the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers and the effect of this on the ability of the system to determine its shape caused the inaccurate measurement. The laboratory testing data was used to develop a method for determining the magnitude of cyclic displacement from the output of the MEMS accelerometers. This method involved the double integration of the change in acceleration measured by the accelerometers to obtain a change in displacement. The proposed method was applied to the datasets obtained from the field installation to obtain a profile of cyclic displacement with depth. Findings show that the SAA was very accurate when used as an array of accelerometers to directly measure the magnitude of cyclic loads.
Glucosinolates and Their Hydrolysis Products in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Influence Performance and Feeding Choice of <i>Pieris rapae</i> and <i>Spodoptera exigua</i>

Glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products, found in plants of the order Brassicales, are well-known for their defensive properties against insect herbivores. Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) genetic lines with mutations that modify the type of glucosinolates (i.e. myb28myb29 and cyp79B2cyp79B3 are deficient in the production of aliphatic and indolyl glucosinolates, respectively) make it possible to test for the specific effects of these secondary chemicals on insect herbivores. The Pad3 mutant (deficient in camalexin), which has a role in resistance to pathogens, was also tested. Likewise, the effects of different glucosinolate hydrolysis products can be evaluated using genetically modified (GM) lines of the wild type Col-0 ecotype, which naturally produces isothi-ocyanates. These GM lines include the nitrile-producing 35S:ESP and the double knockout tgg1tgg2, which virtually lacks hydrolysis products. In both no-choice and choice experiments, the crucifer specialist Pieris rapae was virtually unaffected by differences in the type of glucosinolates or hydrolysis products. In contrast, the generalist insect Spodoptera exigua had statistically significant increases in pupae/adult weight and faster developmental times when reared on mutants deficient in the production of aliphatic and indolyl glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products. There were no differences in the performance of either insect