Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Respiratory support for pneumonia patients in the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 respiratory disease pandemic caused by a type of Coronavirus, SARS-CoV 2, not previously known to infect humans, began in late 2019 and continues to this day. The clinical picture of the disease in adults is already well understood;risk factors for infection, disease severity, and mortality have been identified;diagnostic methods have been developed and successfully applied;virus spread control procedures are in place. However, despite such impressive advances, there is still no standard antiviral drug therapy nor recommendations for respiratory support for COVID-19 with proven effectiveness in pneumonia. There are currently several non-invasive respiratory support options for COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate respiratory disorders. These may significantly reduce the number of patients needing intubation and mechanical ventilation due to severe acute respiratory failure. That is why for patients with COVID-19 when choosing respiratory support, a balance must be struck between the clinical benefit of the intervention and the risk of intra-hospital spread of infection. It is important to note that during the treatment of COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure, the full range of invasive and non-invasive lung ventilation options should be considered.
Compact radio emission from z 0.2 X-ray bright AGN

Context. The radio and X-ray emission of active galctic nuclei (AGN) appears to be correlated. The details of the underlying physical processes, however, are still not fully understood, i.e., to what extent the X-ray and radio emission is originating from the same relativistic particles, or from the accretion-disk, or corona, or both. Aims. We study the cm radio emission of an SDSS/ROSAT/FIRST matched sample of 13 X-raying AGN in the redshift range 0.11 ≤ z ≤ 0.37 at high angular resolution with the goal of searching for jet structures or diffuse, extended emission on sub-kpc scales. Methods. We used MERLIN at 18 cm for all objects and Western EVN at 18 cm for four objects to study the radio emission on scales of ∼500 pc and ∼40 pc for the MERLIN and EVN observations, respectively. Results. The detected emission is dominated by compact nuclear radio structures. We find no kpc collimated jet structures. The EVN data indicate compact nuclei on 40 pc scales, with brightness temperatures typical for accretion-disk scenarios. Comparison with FIRST data shows that the 18 cm emission is resolved out up to 50% by MERLIN. Star-formation rates based on large aperture SDSS spectra are generally too low to produce considerable contamination of the nuclear radio emission. We can, therefore, assume the 18 cm flux densities to be produced in the nuclei of the AGN. Together with the ROSAT soft X-ray luminosities and black-hole mass estimates from the literature, our sample objects closely follow the Merloni et al. fundamental plane relation, which appears to trace the accretion processes. Detailed X-ray spectral modeling from deeper hard X-ray observations and higher angular resolution at radio wavelengths are required to make more progress in separating jet and accretion related processes.
VECTOR MAGNETIC FIELD MEASUREMENTS ALONG A COOLED STEREO-IMAGED CORONAL LOOP

The variation of the vector magnetic field along structures in the solar corona remains unmeasured. Using a unique combination of spectropolarimetry and stereoscopy, we infer and compare the vector magnetic field structure and three-dimensional morphology of an individuated coronal loop structure undergoing a thermal instability. We analyze spectropolarimetric data of the He i λ10830 triplet ( ) obtained at the Dunn Solar Telescope with the Facility Infrared Spectropolarimeter on 2011 September 19. Cool coronal loops are identified by their prominent drainage signatures in the He i data (redshifts up to 185 km s−1). Extinction of EUV background radiation along these loops is observed by both the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on board spacecraft A of the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, and is used to stereoscopically triangulate the loop geometry up to heights of 70 Mm (0.1RSun) above the solar surface. The He i polarized spectra along this loop exhibit signatures indicative of atomic-level polarization, as well as magnetic signatures through the Hanle and Zeeman effects. Spectropolarimetric inversions indicate that the magnetic field is generally oriented along the coronal loop axis, and provide the height dependence of the magnetic field intensity. The technique we demonstrate is a powerful one that may help better understand the thermodynamics of coronal fine-structure magnetism.
Maxwell-Wagner polarization in ceramic composites BaTiO3-(Ni0.3Zn0.7)Fe2.1O4

Dense ceramic composites consisting of two phases, ferroelectric BaTiO3 and ferrite (Ni0.3Zn0.7)Fe2.1O4, were synthesized via the solid state reaction route. The results indicate that insulating BaTiO3 can be well compatible to the conductive phase (Ni0.3Zn0.7)Fe2.1O4. The electrical conduction and dielectric behavior of the materials vary with the ratio of the two phases. The dielectric behavior is greatly influenced by the conductive phase. At x=0.3, a very high apparent dielectric constant peak with frequency dispersion was observed, and attributed to Maxwell–Wagner polarization. The application of the Maxwell–Wagner polarization model in dielectric materials is briefly discussed.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Changes to the BIPM primary air-kerma standards for x-rays

The BIPM primary standards for air kerma in x-rays are changed following the adoption of new values for certain correction factors. The changes are effective from 1 October 2003 and result in corresponding changes to the calibration coefficients issued by the BIPM for the calibration of national secondary standards for x-rays.
Lexical blends in Serbian: An analysis of morphosemantic transparency

The present paper investigates the two data sets of Serbian lexical blends by applying a typology of the four blending techniques (i.e. complete blending, contour blending, semi-complete blending, and fragment blending) scaled according to the relative morphosemantic transparency of the resulting blends, as proposed by Ronneberger-Sibold (2006, pp. 168-169) for German blends, with the aim of determining whether the users of contemporary Serbian are able to consciously and deliberately use the different degrees of morphosemantic transparency of blends for achieving various communicative purposes, namely humorous-satirical purposes and purposes of brand naming. Additionally, the paper aims to compare and contrast these results with the results obtained by Ronneberger-Sibold (2006) for 612 German satirical blends and brand names, thereby examining differences and similarities between the two typologically different languages. The data collection for the qualitative and quantitative analyses consists of 202 humorous-satirical blends and 102 brand names created by humorists, satirists, journalists, branding or marketing agencies, manufacturers, etc. The examples of blends are partly taken from a number of existing studies into Serbian blends and partly collected from a wide variety of sources including literary works, (political) satirical shows, journalistic media, official websites of companies and other manufacturers, etc., as well as by field research methods. The results of the analyses show that the creators of the Serbian humorous-satirical blends and brand names are actually well aware of the varying degrees of morphosemantic transparency of blends produced by the four blending techniques and are perfectly able to utilize these techniques for fulfilling various communicative functions. In addition, it has been shown that the users of the Serbian blends tend to prefer the same blending techniques as the users of the German blends (Ronneberger-Sibold, 2006, p. 175) for the creation of humorous-satirical blends and brand names, respectively, though not in the same proportions.
THE CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK OF THE Be STAR o AQUARII AS CONSTRAINED BY SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROSCOPY AND OPTICAL INTERFEROMETRY

Omicron Aquarii is a late-type, Be shell star with a stable and nearly symmetric Hα emission line. We combine Hα interferometric observations obtained with the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer covering 2007 through 2014 with Hα spectroscopic observations over the same period and a 2008 observation of the system's near-infrared spectral energy distribution to constrain the properties of o Aqr's circumstellar disk. All observations are consistent with a circumstellar disk seen at an inclination of 75° ± 3° with a position angle on the sky of 110° ± 8° measured East from North. From the best-fit disk density model, we find that 90% of the Hα emission arises from within 9.5 stellar radii, and the mass associated with this Hα disk is ∼1.8 × 10−10 of the stellar mass, and that the associated angular momentum, assuming Keplerian rotation for the disk, is ∼1.6 × 10−8 of the total stellar angular momentum. The occurrence of a central quasi-emission feature in Mg ii λ4481 is also predicted by this best-fit disk model and the computed profile compares successfully with observations from 1999. To obtain consistency between the Hα line profile modeling and the other constraints, it was necessary in the profile fitting to weight the line core (emission peaks and central depression) more heavily than the line wings, which were not well reproduced by our models. This may reflect the limitation of assuming a single power law for the disk's variation in equatorial density. The best-fit disk density model for o Aqr predicts that Hα is near its maximum strength as a function of disk density, and hence the Hα equivalent width and line profile change only weakly in response to large (factor of ∼5) changes in the disk density. This may in part explain the remarkable observed stability of o Aqr's Hα emission line profile.
State Trends of Cannabis Liberalization as a Causal Driver of Increasing Testicular Cancer Rates across the USA

Background. The cause of the worldwide doubling-tripling of testicular cancer rates (TCRs) in recent decades is unknown. Previous cohort studies associated cannabis use with TCR including dose–response relationships but the contribution of cannabis to TCRs at the population level is unknown. This relationship was tested by analyzing annual trends across US states and formally assessed causality. Four US datasets were linked at state level: age-adjusted TCRs from Centers for Disease Control Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database; drug use data from annual National Survey of Drug Use and Health including 74.1% response rate; ethnicity and median household income data from the US Census Bureau; and cannabinoid concentration data from Drug Enforcement Agency reports. Data was processed in R in spatiotemporal and causal inference protocols. Results. Cannabis-use quintile scatterplot-time and boxplots closely paralleled those for TCRs. The highest cannabis-use quintile had a higher TCR than others (3.44 ± 0.05 vs. 2.91 ± 0.2, mean ± S.E.M., t = 10.68, p = 1.29 × 10−22). A dose–response relationship was seen between TCR and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol, cannabigerol, and cannabichromene (6.75 × 10−9 < p < 1.83 × 10−142). In a multivariate inverse probability-weighted interactive regression including race and ethnic cannabis exposure (ECE), ECE was significantly related to TCR (β-estimate = 0.89 (95%C.I. 0.36, 2.67), p < 2.2 × 10−16). In an additive geospatiotemporal model controlling for other drugs, cannabis alone was significant (β-estimate = 0.19 (0.10, 0.28), p = 3.4 × 10−5). In a full geospatial model including drugs, income and ethnicity cannabinoid exposure was significant (cannabigerol: β-estimate = 1.39 (0.024, 2.53), p = 0.0017); a pattern repeated at two spatial and two temporal lags (cannabigerol: β-estimate = 0.71 (0.05, 1.37), p = 0.0.0350; THC: β-estimate = 23.60 (11.92, 35.29), p = 7.5 × 10–5). 40/41 e-Values > 1.25 ranged up to 1.4 × 1063 and 10 > 1000 fitting causal relationship criteria. Cannabis liberalization was associated with higher TCRs (ChiSqu. = 312.2, p = 2.64 × 10−11). Rates of TC in cannabis-legal states were elevated (3.36 ± 0.09 vs. 3.01 ± 0.03, t = 4.69, p = 4.86 × 10−5). Conclusions. Cannabis use is closely and causally associated with TCRs across both time and space and higher in States with liberal cannabis legislation. Strong dose–response effects were demonstrated for THC, cannabigerol, cannabinol, cannabichromene and cannabidiol. Cannabinoid genotoxicity replicates all major steps to testicular carcinogenesis including whole-genome doubling, chromosomal arm excision, generalized DNA demethylation and chromosomal translocations thereby accelerating the pathway to testicular carcinogenesis by several decades.
Network analyzer measurements of spin transfer torques in magnetic tunnel junctions

We demonstrate a simple network-analyzer technique to make quantitative measurements of the bias dependence of spin torque in a magnetic tunnel junction. We apply a microwave current to exert an oscillating spin torque near the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the tunnel junction’s free layer. This produces an oscillating resistance that, together with an applied direct current, generates a microwave signal that we measure with the network analyzer. An analysis of the resonant response yields the strength and direction of the spin torque at non-zero bias. We compare to measurements of the spin torque vector by time-domain spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance.
Xanthine Analogs Suppress Trypanosoma cruzi Infection In Vitro Using PDEs as Targets

Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), the causative agent of Chagas disease, has infected 6 million people, putting 70 million people at risk worldwide. Presently, very limited drugs are available, and these have severe side effects. Hence, there is an urgency to delve into other pathways and targets for novel drugs. Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) expresses a number of different cyclic AMP (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs). cAMP is one of the key regulators of mammalian cell proliferation and differentiation, and it also plays an important role in T. cruzi growth. Very few studies have demonstrated the important role of cyclic nucleotide-specific PDEs in T. cruzi’s survival. T. cruzi phosphodiesterase C (TcrPDEC) has been proposed as a potential new drug target for treating Chagas disease. In the current study, we screen several analogs of xanthine for potency against trypomastigote and amastigote growth in vitro using three different strains of T. cruzi (Tulahuen, Y and CA-1/CL72). One of the potent analogs, GVK14, has been shown to inhibit all three strains of amastigotes in host cells as well as axenic cultures. In conclusion, xanthine analogs that inhibit T. cruzi PDE may provide novel alternative therapeutic options for Chagas disease.
Globalizing the Boardroom among Family-Controlled Companies on Bursa Malaysia: The effects of corporate governance on firm performance

This paper aimed to determine the research gap between corporate governance and its effects on firm performance among family-controlled listed companies on Bursa Malaysia with a globalized boardroom after implementing MCCG 2012. The study focused on family-controlled companies listed on Bursa Malaysia from 2013 to 2018. The sample size includes 240 firm-year observations. Panel data analysis (fixed and random effect) model and Hausman tests were used. Results from panel data analysis (Eviews) found no significant effects between corporate governance and firm performance of family-controlled companies listed on Bursa Malaysia with a globalized boardroom. Keywords: Corporate Governance; Firm Performance; Family-Controlled Companies; Globalized Boardroom eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8. 3915
Inflammatory Biomarkers of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Disease Activity in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis is highly affected in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to investigate serological biomarkers of type III, IV, and V collagen degradation and formation, and their association with disease activity in IBD. ECM remodeling serum biomarkers were measured in 162 IBD patients, 110 with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 52 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and in 29 healthy donors. Biomarkers of type III collagen degradation (C3M) and formation (PRO-C3), type IV collagen degradation (C4M) and formation (PRO-C4), and type V collagen formation (PRO-C5) were measured using ELISA. Inflammatory activity was assessed using endoscopic, clinical, and biochemical activity indices. The highest diagnostic value was identified in discriminating endoscopically moderate to severe disease in CD (PRO-C3, C3M/PRO-C3, and C4M with AUC of 0.70, 0.73, and 0.69, respectively) and UC (C3M, C3M/PRO-C3, and C4M with AUC of 0.86, 0.80, and 0.76, respectively). C4M and C3M/PRO-C3 in combination yielded AUC of 0.93 (0.66–0.90) in CD and 0.94 (0.65–0.99) in UC. This study confirmed that ECM remodeling reflected disease activity in CD and UC. A combination of C4M, C3M, and PRO-C3 biomarkers may potentially be considered as a biomarker differentiating moderate to severe endoscopic disease.
Late Pleniglacial – Late Glacial climate oscillations detected in the organic lacustrine succession at the Lipowo site, north‐eastern Poland

The profile of the Lipowo palaeolake (NE Poland) preserves a record of environmental and climate changes from the Last Glacial Termination (16.5k cal ka BP), stretching from the Oldest Dryas to the youngest Allerød warm oscillation. In this interdisciplinary study of the lacustrine succession at Lipowo, we used biological and geochemical indicators and multiproxy analyses to reconstruct environmental changes in the lake ecosystem, such as mollusc, zooplankton and vegetation development, trophic state, water temperature and water level. Four cold and four warm climate oscillations of different durations were identified on this basis: the Older Dryas climate deterioration and two short‐term coolings within the Allerød Interstadial, separated by warm periods in the Bølling and Allerød. The covering of the lake series by diamicton deposits from the melting of dead‐ice blocks is a particularly interesting and rare phenomenon for a postglacial area. The hydrological system of the catchment was generally closed, with a periodically opening and existing flow‐through lake. Over the period of the lake's existence, vegetation changed in general from steppe tundra to forest with birch and pine. For most of this time, the palaeolake was mainly oligotrophic, with increased productivity and a higher trophic level only notable during the middle Bølling.
Is the HD 15115 inner disk really asymmetrical

Context. Debris disks are intrinsically connected to the planetary system's formation and evolution. The development of high-contrast imaging techniques in the past 20 years is now allowing the detection of faint material around bright stars with high angular resolution, hence opening an avenue to study in detail the structures of circumstellar disks and their relation to planetary formation. Aims. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the morphology of the almost edge-on debris disk around HD 15115. Methods. We analyzed data from the Gemini science archive obtained in 2009 and 2011 with the Near-Infrared Coronagraphic Imager instrument in the H and Ks bands using coronagraphy and angular differential imaging tech- niques. Results. We resolved the disk in both the H and Ks bands. We confirmed the position angles inferred by previous authors, as well as the brightness asymmetry, which is the origin of the object's nickname, the blue needle. We were able to detect the bow-like shape of the disk suspected from other observations. However, these new NICI images suggest the presence of a highly inclined ring-like disk of which we see the brighter side and the ansae located at 90 AU symmetrically about the star. The inner part is likely depleted of dust. The fainter side of the disk is suspected but not firmly detected, which also indicates a large anisotropic scattering factor. Conclusions. The morphological symmetry of the disk contrasts with the obvious brightness asymmetry. This asymmetry may be explained by the coexistence of several types of grains in this disk and/or variable dust density. Interaction with the interstellar medium was invoked by previous authors as a possible explanation but other mechanisms may account for the brightness asymmetry, for instance a recent collision in the disk
Distinguishing dijet resonances at the LHC

Author(s): Chivukula, RS; Simmons, EH; Vignaroli, N | Abstract: © 2015 American Physical Society. Anticipating that a dijet resonance could be discovered at the 14 TeV LHC, we present two different strategies to reveal the nature of such a particle; in particular to discern whether it is a quark-antiquark (qq¯), quark-gluon (qg), or gluon-gluon (gg) resonance. The first method relies on the color discriminant variable, which can be calculated at the LHC from the measurements of the dijet signal cross section, the resonance mass, and the resonance width. Including estimated statistical uncertainties and experimental resolution, we show that a qg excited quark resonance can be efficiently distinguished from either a q¯q coloron or a gg color-octet scalar using the color discriminant variable at LHC-14. The second strategy is based on the study of the energy profiles of the two leading jets in the dijet channel. Including statistical uncertainties in the signal and the QCD backgrounds, we show that one can distinguish, in a model-independent way, between gg, qg, and qq¯ resonances; an evaluation of systematic uncertainties in the measurement of the jet energy profile will require a detailed detector study once sufficient 14 TeV dijet data are in hand.