Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
(cid:1) -Linolenic Acid in Borage Oil Reverses Epidermal Hyperproliferation in Guinea Pigs 1

As dietary sources of (cid:1) -linolenic acid [GLA; 18:3(n-6)], borage oil (BO; 24–25 g/100 g GLA) and evening primrose oil (PO; 8–10 g/100 g GLA) are efﬁcacious in treating skin disorders. The triglycerol stereospeciﬁcity of these oils is distinct, with GLA being concentrated in the sn-2 position of BO and in the sn-3 position of PO. To determine whether the absolute level and/or the triglycerol stereospeciﬁcity of GLA in oils affect biological efﬁcacy, epidermal hyperproliferation was induced in guinea pigs by a hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) diet for 8 wk. Subsequently, guinea pigs were fed diets of PO, BO or a mixture of BO and safﬂower oil (SO) for 2 wk. The mixture of BO and SO (BS) diet had a similar level of GLA as PO but with sn-2 stereospeciﬁcity. As controls, two groups were fed SO and HCO for 10 wk. Epidermal hyperproliferation was reversed by all three oils in the order of BO (cid:1) BS (cid:1) PO. However, proliferation scores of group PO were higher than of the normal control group, SO. The accumulations of dihomo- (cid:1) -linolenic acid [DGLA; 20:3(n-6)], an elongase product of GLA, into phospholipids and ceramides, of 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (15-HETrE), the potent antiproliferative metabolite of DGLA, and of ceramides, the major lipid maintaining epidermal barrier, in the epidermis of group BO were greater than of groups BS and PO. Group BS had higher levels of DGLA, 15-HETrE and ceramides than group PO. With primary dependence on absolute levels, our data demonstrate that the antiproliferative efﬁcacy of GLA in the epidermis is preferably exerted from sn-2 stereospeciﬁcity of GLA in BO. J. Nutr. 132: 3090–3097, 2002.
The Influence of Project Commitment and Team Commitment on the Relationship between Trust and Knowledge Sharing in Project Teams

The purpose of the study is to enhance our understanding of the relationship among trust, commitment, and knowledge sharing in project teams. We examine how trust directly and indirectly affects knowledge sharing. We include two different foci of commitment that are highly relevant to project teams: team commitment and project commitment. A mediation analysis is conducted on data from 179 project team members in 31 Norwegian construction project teams. Our results suggest different effects of the two foci of commitment, indicating that, in a project team context, project commitment is more important for knowledge sharing than team commitment.
ARY T gene is necessary for normal ements during gastrulation

The T gene is deleted in mouse Brachyury mutants (Herrmann et al., 1990) causing a reduction in tail length in hemizygotes and death of homozygous embryos on the 11th day of gestation (Chesley, 1935; Gluecksohn-Schonheimer, 1944; Gruneberg, 1958). The T gene encodes a putative transcription factor (Kispert and Herrmann, 1993) and both its mRNA and protein are present in the primitive streak from the onset of gastrulation (Wilkinson et al., 1990; Herrmann, 1991; Kispert and Herrmann, 1994). Expression persists in the streak and later in the tailbud for the entire period of axis formation and axis elongation (6.512.5 dpc; Kispert and Herrmann, 1994). It is also expressed in the node and notochord. The pattern of T expression appears to be essentially identical in vertebrates where its homologue has been studied (Smith et al., 1991; Schulte-Merker et al., 1992). However, the phenotype of homozygous mutant mouse embryos does not obviously correlate with an essential function for T during the early stages of gastrulation, since development rostral to the forelimb bud appears grossly normal. Only in more caudal trunk regions and in later embryos is the notochord missing and other mesodermal derivatives deficient or defective (Herrmann, 1992; Beddington et al., 1992; Rashbass et al., 1994). One explanation for this would be that T is only required once all tissues rostral to the forelimb have been laid down (i.e. after the 1to 2-somite stage). The demonstration that wild-type T protein is only required from the 9th day of gestation for continuation of its own expression (Herrmann, 1991) and that of certain other genes (Wnt-3a, Wnt-5a (McMahon, 1992), Evx-1 (Dush and Martin, 1992)) transcribed in the streak (Rashbass et al., 1994) is consistent with such an hypothesis. However, the chimeric studies reported in this paper indicate that T is necessary for normal morphogenetic movements during earlier stages of gastrulation. We have shown previously that abnormalities characteristic of T/T embryos occur in chimeras made between T/T mutant Developm Printed in
2 Response to Programmed Q 1 Cell Death-1 Blockade Q 2 3 in a Murine Melanoma Syngeneic Model Requires 4 Costimulation , CD 4 , and CD 8 T Cells 5

10 The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) limits effector 11 T-cell functions in peripheral tissues, and its inhibition leads 12 to clinical benefit in different cancers. To better understand how 13 PD-1 blockade therapy modulates the tumor–host interactions, 14 we evaluated three syngeneic murine tumor models, the 15 BRAF-driven YUMM1.1 and YUMM2.1 melanomas, and 16 the carcinogen-induced murine colon adenocarcinoma 17 MC38. The YUMM cell lines were established from mice with 18 melanocyte-specific BRAF mutation and PTEN loss 19 (BRAF/PTEN / ). Anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1 therapy engen20 dered strong antitumor activity against MC38 and YUMM2.1, but 21 not YUMM1.1. PD-L1 expression did not differ between the three 22 models at baseline or upon interferon stimulation. Whereas 24 mutational load was high in MC38, it was lower in both YUMM 25 models. In YUMM2.1, the antitumor activity of PD-1 blockade 26 had a critical requirement for both CD4 andCD8T cells, as well as 27 CD28 and CD80/86 costimulation, with an increase in CD11cþ 28 CD11bþMHC-IIhigh dendritic cells and tumor-associated macro29 phages in the tumors after PD-1 blockade. Compared with 30 YUMM1.1, YUMM2.1 exhibited a more inflammatory profile by 31 RNA sequencing analysis, with an increase in expression from 32 chemokine-trafficking genes that are related to immune cell 33 recruitment and T-cell priming. In conclusion, response to PD34 1blockade therapy in tumormodels requiresCD4andCD8T cells 35 and costimulation that is mediated by dendritic cells and macro36 phages. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(10); 1–13. 2016 AACR. 37
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Maternal Death in an Obstetric Patient: Case Report

Cerebral events occur more often in the postpartum period and are associated with hypertensive diseases of pregnancy. Superimposed with pre-eclampsia, these cause severe complications. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome occurs because of acute elevation of blood pressure above the upper limit of cerebral blood flow auto-regulation. We present a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome that developed with superimposed pre-eclampsia resulting in intraparenchymal haemorrhage and maternal death.
NDT_A_295912 893..903

1Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia; 2Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; 4Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University (Mizan Campus), Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia; 6Pharmacology Division, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA; 7Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia; 8Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Background: Few studies have investigated the psychometric validation of the General Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale (GAD-7) using appropriate data assumptions. This study examined the reliability, factorial validity, divergent validity, and item analysis of the GAD-7 using categorical data methods in a sample of Ethiopian young adults. Methods: A sample of 270 students in the age group (18–20 years) was recruited during February-May of 2017 in this cross-sectional study using simple random sampling. The participants completed a tool for socio-demographic details, the GAD-7, and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Results: The cumulative variance rule (> 40%), the scree test, Kaiser’s criteria (Eigenvalues > 1), and the parallel analysis found a 1-factor model for the GAD-7 (factor loadings, 0.38 to 0.63). Fit indices suggested a 1-factor model: the tests applied included the weighted root mean square residual (0.030), comparative fit index (1.000), the goodness of fit index (1.00), root mean square error of approximation (0.037) and the non-normed fit index (1.00). McDonald’s Omega (0.772) implied that the scores had adequate internal consistency. Divergent validity was supported by significant but weak correlations that were found between the GAD-7 and PSS-10 scores (r = 0.11 to 0.25, p<0.05). Conclusion: The psychometric validity of the GAD-7 in Ethiopian university attending young adults was supported by the categorical data method.
Search for the 0−− glueball in Υð1SÞ and Υð2SÞ decays

S. Jia, C. P. Shen, C. Z. Yuan, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, I. Badhrees, A. M. Bakich, V. Bansal, E. Barberio, P. Behera, B. Bhuyan, J. Biswal, G. Bonvicini, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, T. E. Browder, D. Červenkov, P. Chang, V. Chekelian, A. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Cho, S. -K. Choi, Y. Choi, D. Cinabro, N. Dash, S. Di Carlo, Z. Doležal, Z. Drásal, D. Dutta, S. Eidelman, H. Farhat, J. E. Fast, T. Ferber, B. G. Fulsom, V. Gaur, N. Gabyshev, A. Garmash, R. Gillard, P. Goldenzweig, B. Golob, J. Haba, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, M. T. Hedges, W. -S. Hou, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, A. Ishikawa, R. Itoh, I. Jaegle, D. Joffe, K. K. Joo, T. Julius, K. H. Kang, P. Katrenko, T. Kawasaki, H. Kichimi, C. Kiesling, D. Y. Kim, H. J. Kim, J. B. Kim, K. T. Kim, M. J. Kim, S. H. Kim, Y. J. Kim, P. Kodyš, S. Korpar, D. Kotchetkov, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, R. Kulasiri, A. Kuzmin, Y. -J. Kwon, J. S. Lange, C. H. Li, L. Li, Y. Li, L. Li Gioi, J. Libby, D. Liventsev, M. Lubej, T. Luo, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, D. Matvienko, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyata, R. Mizuk, H. K. Moon, T. Mori, M. Nakao, T. Nanut, K. J. Nath, Z. Natkaniec, M. Nayak, M. Niiyama, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, S. Okuno, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, W. Ostrowicz, G. Pakhlova, B. Pal, C. -S. Park, H. Park, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, C. Pulvermacher, M. Ritter, A. Rostomyan, Y. Sakai, S. Sandilya, L. Santelj, T. Sanuki, V. Savinov, O. Schneider, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, V. Shebalin, T. -A. Shibata, J.-G. Shiu, B. Shwartz, F. Simon, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, M. Starič, J. F. Strube, M. Sumihama, T. Sumiyoshi, K. Suzuki, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, M. Uchida, T. Uglov, Y. Unno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Usov, C. Van Hulse, G. Varner, V. Vorobyev, C. H. Wang, M. -Z. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Watanabe, E. Widmann, E. Won, Y. Yamashita, H. Ye, J. Yelton, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, V. Zhukova, V. Zhulanov, and A. Zupanc
Comparing Measures of Average Color Fidelity

ABSTRACT The introduction of new measures of color rendition, especially IES TM-30-15, has stirred debate within the lighting industry on the relative merits of the tools, as well as the amount of difference between the new tools and prior tools, such as CIE Ra. This article focuses on comparing three measures of average color fidelity: IES Rf, CIE Ra, and CIE Rf. Using a large set of commercially available, experimental, and theoretical spectral power distributions (SPDs), the analysis contrasts past efforts to make similar comparisons using smaller or more focused data sets. It highlights the interactive effect of gamut shape and color space nonuniformity, which results in a range of IES Rf values of at least 50 to 86 for SPDs having a CIE Ra value of 80. It also examines how these differences can be overlooked in psychophysical experiments relying on a small number of SPDs, which can present misleading findings on the value and meaning of the measures. When considering the results, it is important to remember that average color fidelity is only one aspect of color rendition.
Migration of Newly Formed Lymphocytes into the Inflamed Peritoneal Cavity

Mononuclear cells with the structural features of lymphocytes are especially numerous in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) 1 reaction sites, in allografts undergoing rejection, and in the lesions of certain autoimmune diseases (1-4). The origin of these "small round cells" and their possible role in cell-mediated immunity have been the subject of an unduly prolonged debate, based mainly upon morphological evidence. But the issue cannot be resolved by morphological analysis, because the small round cells in exudates ultimately derive from a heterogeneous population of blood-borne lymphocytes. The latter differ with respect to turnover (5), circulating life-span (5, 6), and possibly with respect to origin and function. In an earlier study, using normal nonimmunized rats (7), it was found that a portion of the small mononuclear cells in peritoneal exudates induced by casein derive from newly formed lymphocytes which enter the blood by way of the thoracic duct. Small lymphocytes of the kind which have a slow turnover rate and a potentially long circulating life-span were excluded, although cells of this type comprise approximately 90% of those normally present in central 1)ralph (8). Results of the present investigation reaffirm and extend these observations by showing that newly formed lymphocytes from rats infected with Listeria monocytogenes can move in substantial numbers into exudates induced by casein bacteria. The disposition of these lymphocytes assumes impgrtance when one considers that they include the specific mediators of cellular resistance to infection (6). The ability of specifically committed lymphocytes to localize in inflammatory foci provides a plausible explanation for the protective property of
Apoptosis and Sphingomyelin Hydrolysis: The Flip Side

a form of cell death that is coordinated by a set of defined biochemical pathways, throughout the kingdom. Its critically important roles in develop-ment, homeostasis, and this a topic of intensive research and sometimes more intensive controversy. One of these areas of controversy concerns the role of ceramide, produced by the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. In this issue, Tepper add to this de-bate with an interesting new theory.
EFFECTS OF COMMONLY USED ANTIDEPRESSANTS ON PSYCHOMOTOR FUNCTIONS IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION: A PROSPECTIVE OPEN LABEL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Context: Cognitive and psychomotor functions are impaired often in patients with depression and their further impairment by antidepressants is undesirable Data on effect of commonly prescribed antidepressants on psychomotor functions in patients with depression in the Indian context are limited. Aim: Study aimed to determine the effects of commonly prescribed antidepressants (Doxepin, Fluoxetine, Citalopram, Sertraline) on psychomotor functions in patients with depression. Materials and Methods: 100 participants [20 healthy volunteers and 80 with depression being treated with one of following daily medication: doxepin (75 mg) / Fluoxetine (20 mg) / Citalopram (20 mg) / Sertraline (50 mg) for 12 weeks] were put to various psychomotor function tests (DSST, SDCT, CFFT, SVL, HST, Trail A and B). Results were compared and analyzed. Statistical analysis used: Comparisons were made using one–way analysis of variance [ANOVA] for all psychomotor tests except CFFT (Kruskal Wallis Test used), followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test. Results: The psychomotor tests were impaired most by fluoxetine [20 mg/day] and doxepin [75 mg/day], followed by citalopram [20 mg/day] and sertraline [50 mg/day] in comparison to control group. Conclusions: Psychomotor impairment is an important consideration while treating patients with depression; participants treated with sertraline suffer lesser impairment in psychomotor function in comparison to many of the other commonly prescribed SSRIs.
Muscle transformation in cardiomyoplasty: the effect of conditioning and mobilisation on perfusion, oxygenation and fatigue resistance in the latissimus dorsi muscle

Background: In the clinical application of transformed skeletal muscle to cardiac assistance there is evidence that the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) wrap can undergo atrophy, which would prevent it from providing a sustained functional improvement. Possible causes are ischaemia and degeneration related to the conditioning process. We studied the nutritional and structural changes occurring under different stimulation regimes with the aim of improving the conditioning protocol. Methods: Microelectrodes were used to measure regional perfusion and oxygenation in the rabbit LDM during mobilisation and subsequent repeated contraction. Group A muscles ( n = 10) were conditioned for 6 weeks at 10 Hz, Group B muscles ( n = 10) for 2 weeks at 2.5 Hz. Each muscle was then mobilised and tested in a hydraulic apparatus which recorded the pressure generated in a closed circuit. Results: Muscles of Group A and Group B demonstrated transformation of fibre type, with a predominance of type I (62 ± 4%) fibres in Group A and type IIa (68 ± 9%) fibres in Group B. There was no evidence of muscle degeneration. After 10 min of fatigue testing the pressure produced was 53 ± 5% of initial values in Group A and 51± 8% in Group B, compared to 8 ± 1% in the control group ( P , 0.001). Maximum rate of relaxation was faster in Group B than in Group A (46± 3% vs. 36± 3% of control muscle, P , 0.05). Mobilisation resulted in a decrease in the distal perfusion of the control muscles ( P , 0.05) and pO2 decreased by 8.7 ± 1.7 mmHg during a fatigue test, which resulted in rapid loss of contractile function to 46 ± 1% of the initial value within 1 min. In both Groups A and B the perfusion of all regions of the muscles both before and after mobilisation was greater than that of controls. During the same fatigue test, the pO 2 of the distal regions was maintained and the contractile function fell more slowly to between 70 and 80% of initial values within 1 min. Conclusion: We showed that ischaemia in the distal region of the control LDM could result from mobilisation and repeated contraction. Muscle transformation improved perfusion and prevented a fall in tissue pO2 during a sustained series of contractions. Muscles that were conditioned at 2.5 Hz shared the improved perfusion of the fully transformed muscle, but had faster relaxation characteristics. Short periods of in situ conditioning prior to mobilisation may help to avoid ischaemic changes in distal parts of the LDM while achieving fatigue resistance in the grafted muscle at an earlier postoperative stage.  1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN KIDNEY AND HEART OF MALE RATS FOLLOWING ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF AQUEOUS AND METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CANNABIS SATIVA LEAVES

The biochemical and histological changes in kidney and heart of male rats was evaluated following oral administration of aqueous and methanolic extract of Cannabis sativa (Marijuana) leaves. Twenty seven (27) male albino rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) comprising nine rats each. Animals in group A (115.43±2.45g), B (135.56±3.27g) and C (145.92±2.13g) were administered 0.5 ml of distilled water, 700 mg/kg body weight aqueous and methanolic extract of C. sativa leaves respectively. Treatment was done once daily until the 21st day. Secondary metabolites present in the methanolic extract are alkaloids, steroids, phenolics, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, starch and reducing sugars while the aqueous extract contains all except phenolics, tannins and starch. Although treatment with the aqueous and methanolic extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased WBC, MCV, monocyte and lymphocytes in the aqueous and methanol group when compared with the control group, it increased the levels of platelet and Na + . However, treatment with both extract did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the levels of PCV, haemoglobin, uric acid, creatinine, K + , Cl ‒ , HCO3 ‒ , PO4 3‒ when compared with the control group. Histological section of the kidney and heart were normal for the control group. However, it showed damaged pyknotic cells, degenerated distal and proximal convoluted tubule as well as disarranged glomerulus and narrowed Bowman’s capsule in both aqueous and methanol treated groups respectively. In the heart, it showed visible tissue inflammation, necrosis of heart muscle fibre and hypoplesia respectively in both groups throughout the exposure period. The effect of methanolic extract of C. sativa leaves was greater than that of the aqueous extract both in kidney and heart, suggesting that methanol is a better solvent for extraction of marijuana leaves than water. The alterations in biochemical indices and histology indicate that marijuana leaves can do more harm than good. Caution should therefore be exercised during consumption especially at the dose investigated in this study.
Bacteriological quality of drinking water sources based on Settlement types in Njinikom subdivision, Boyo Division North West Region, CAMEROON

The study had as aim to assess the bacteriological quality of drinking water in the study area. Fifty-three water samples from various sources in Njinikom sub division were sampled. The Multiple Tube fermentation Technique (MTFT) was used. Presumptive coliform counts were obtained by the most probable number of coliforms per 100ml of water by making reference to the McCrady’s probability table after combination of various positive and negative results. Positive tubes were sub cultured on MacConkey agar and biochemical media for Escherichia coli identification. Of the 53 samples tested 13 (24.5%) had E. coli in addition to other coliforms which is a probable indication of fecal contamination, 35(66.1%) had only other coliforms without E. coli in varying degrees. Only 5 (9.4%) were without coliforms or E coli. Gross bacteria pollution was observed for unprotected springs. Mainly alternative water sources such as underground springs, brooks and rivers were largely contaminated indicating closeness to toilets and external contaminants. Measures should be taken to protect drinking water sources, extend municipal water supply coverage and prohibit domestic animals from entering drinking water courses.