Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production efficiency of ‘BRS Pujante’ cowpea using single and dual Kc for irrigation 1

: The objective of this study was to evaluate the production efficiency of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), ‘BRS Pujante’, from the weather-based irrigation scheduling using single and dual Kc. The study was carried out in randomized block design with two treatments (single and dual crop coefficient) and 12 replicates. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents, soil matric tension, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, average 100 grains weight, total grain yield and water use efficiency were evaluated. Scheduling with single and dual Kc did not interfere with chlorophyll pigments. Single Kc promoted tension values closer to zero during cowpea development stages III and IV. Significant difference was observed only for the average 100 grains weight, with higher value for dual Kc. The irrigation depth with the single Kc was 360.8 mm and there was a 9.3% water saving when compared to dual Kc, without significantly affecting cowpea yield. It is possible to use irrigation scheduling with single Kc for the stages I and II and dual Kc for the stages III and IV of cowpea, ‘BRS Pujante’.
Prognostic signi�cance of advanced lung cancer in�ammation index (ALI) in multiple myeloma patients – a retrospective study

Background: Advanced lung cancer in�ammation index (ALI) is known to predict the overall survival of patients having some solid tumors or B-cell lymphoma. The study investigates the predictive value of ALI in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the correlation between ALI and prognosis. Methods: A database of 269 MM consecutive patients who underwent chemotherapy between December 2011 and June 2019 in the A�liated Hospital of Qingdao University was reviewed. ALI cut-off value calculated before the initial chemotherapy and post 4 courses treatment were identi�ed according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and its association with clinical characteristics, treatment response, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed. Results: Patients in the low ALI group (n=147) had higher risk of β2 microglobulin elevation, more advanced ISS (International Classi�cation System stage), and TP53 gene mutation, with signi�cantly lower median overall survival (OS; 36.29 vs. 57.92 months, P = 0.010) and progression-free survival (PFS; 30.94 vs. 35.67 months, P = 0.013). Independent risk factors in�uencing the OS of MM patients were ALI (P = 0.007), extramedullary in�ltration (P = 0.001), TP53 (P = 0.020), Plt (P = 0.005), and bone destruction (P = 0.024). ALI (P = 0.005), extramedullary in�ltration (P = 0.004), TP53 (P = <0.001), Plt (P = 0.017), and complex chromosome karyotype (P = 0.010) were independent risk factors in�uencing the PFS of MM patients. Conclusions: ALI is a potential independent risk factor predicting the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients.
Influence of bedrock groundwater on streamflow characteristics in a volcanic catchment

Groundwater movements in volcanic mountains and their effects on streamflow discharge and representative elementary area (REA) have remained largely unclear. We surveyed the discharge and chemical composition of spring and stream water in two catchments: the Hontani river (NR) catchment (6.6 km2) and the Hosotani river (SR) catchment (4.0 km2) at the southern part of Daisen volcano, Japan. Daisen volcano is a young volcano (17 × 103 years) at an early stage of erosion. Our study indicated that deep groundwater that moved through thick lava and pyroclastic flows and that could not be explained by shallow movements controlled by surface topography contributed dominantly to streamflow at larger catchment areas. At the NR catchment, the deep groundwater contribution clearly increased at a catchment boundary defined by an area of 3.0 km2 and an elevation of 800 m. At the SR catchment, the contribution deep groundwater to the stream also increased suddenly at a boundary threshold of 2.0 and 700 m. Beyond these thresholds, the contributions of deep bedrock groundwater remained constant, indicating that the REA is between 2 and 3 km2 at the observed area. These results indicate that the hydrological conditions of base flow were controlled mainly by the deep bedrock groundwater that moved through thick lava and pyroclastic flows in the undissected volcanic body of the upper part of the catchment. Our study demonstrates that deep and long groundwater movements via a deep bedrock layer including thick deposits of volcanic materials at the two catchments on Daisen volcano strongly determined streamflow discharge instead of the mixing of small‐scale hydrological conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effect of Service Quality, Price and Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction at PT. Bukit Asam Tbk

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality, price, and product quality on customer satisfaction at PT Bukit Asam Tbk. The object of this study is customers of PT Bukit Asam Tbk. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling method with 30 customers. The research method used is associative research, utilizing the type of primary data obtained from the results of questionnaire answers. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously, there is a positive and significant influence of service quality, price, and product quality on PT Bukit Asam Tbk customer satisfaction. Partial testing shows a positive and significant effect of service quality on customer satisfaction of PT Bukit Asam Tbk. Partially, there is a positive and significant effect of price on customer satisfaction of PT Bukit Asam Tbk. Partially, there is a positive and significant effect of product quality on customer satisfaction of PT Bukit Asam Tbk .
Amyloid-beta uptake by peripheral blood monocytes is reduced by ageing and Alzheimer’s disease

Background: De�cits in the clearance of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The roles of blood monocytes, the counterparts of microglia in the periphery, in the development of AD remain unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the alterations in the Aβ phagocytosis function of peripheral monocytes during ageing and in AD patients. Methods: A total of 104 cognitively normal participants aged 22 to 89 years old, 22 AD patients, 22 age-and sex-matched cognitively normal (CN) subjects, 15 Parkinson’s disease patients (PD) and 15 age-and sex-matched CN subjects were recruited. The Aβ uptake by blood monocytes were measured and its alteration during ageing and in AD were investigated. Results: Aβ 1−42 uptake by monocytes was associated with Aβ 1−42 levels in the blood. Aβ 1−42 uptake by monocytes decreased during ageing, and further decreased in AD but not in PD patients. Among the Aβ uptake-related receptors and enzymes, the expression of Toll ‐ like receptor 2 (TLR2) was reduced in monocytes from AD patients.
Teachers’ Demotivation Causes and Strategies in Teaching English Online during Covid-19 Pandemic

The objective of this research was to investigate the causes of teachers’ demotivation and to reveal the strategies used by the teachers to resolve demotivation in teaching English online during Covid-19 pandemic in Bengkulu. This research employed mix method design which involved both collecting and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data. The instrument used in this research were questionnaire and interview. The questionnaires and interviews were distributed to the junior high school English teachers in Bengkulu. The results showed that English teachers in Bengkulu had demotivation during online learning. Teaching profession, curriculum, working conditions, students and parents, colleagues and school administrator, and physical conditions were the causes of the teachers’ demotivation. In addition, it is found that there was the only one strategy by the teachers which was self-control. The teachers rarely used Professional development and instructional strategies as strategy during online learning pandemic Covid-19. Finally, it is suggested to the students to understand that their behavior in classroom has a significant impact toward teachers’ demotivation, so the teachers are motivated in teaching. It is also suggested to next researcher to conduct similar research in larger scope about teachers’ demotivation, and the correlation between teachers’ demotivation and teachers’ performance.
TEACHING LINGUISTICS Exploring the use of corpus tools for teaching language variation to L2 Spanish majors

Discussing language variation in introductory linguistics courses is a given in helping university students understand that speakers and communities use language differently. For Spanish ma-jors/minors in the US, such content can be explored in linguistics courses taught in Spanish. However, little research has been done on pedagogy for teaching Hispanic linguistics in this context. Following an action-based design, this study contributes to research on linguistics pedagogy by exploring how students in four sections of an introductory Spanish linguistics course reacted not only to the topic of social and/or structural variation but also to the use of corpus tools in exploring this topic. *
Real-world comparative effectiveness of a third dose of mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 among adults aged >=65 years in the United States

Introduction: To compare the real-world effectiveness of a third dose of mRNA-1273 versus a third dose of BNT162b2 against breakthrough COVID-19 hospitalizations among adults age [≥]65 years who completed a primary series of an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine (regardless of which primary series was received). Materials and methods: This observational comparative vaccine effectiveness (VE) study was conducted using administrative claims data from the US HealthVerity database (September 22, 2021, to August 31, 2022). A third dose of mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 was assessed for preventing COVID-19 hospitalizations and medically attended COVID-19 among adults [≥]65 years. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was applied to balance baseline characteristics between vaccine groups. Incidence rates from patient-level data and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using weighted Cox proportional hazards models were calculated to estimate relative VE for each outcome. Results: Overall, 94,587 and 92,377 individuals received a third dose of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2, respectively. Among the weighted population, the median age was 69 years (interquartile range, 66-74), 53% were female, and 46% were commercially insured. COVID-19 hospitalization rates per 1000 person-years (PYs) were 5.61 (95% CI, 5.13-6.09) for mRNA-1273 and 7.06 (95% CI, 6.54-7.57) for BNT162b2 (HR, 0.82; 0.69-0.98). Medically attended COVID-19 rates per 1000 PYs (95% CI) were 95.05 (95% CI, 93.03-97.06) for mRNA-1273 and 106.55 (95% CI, 104.53-108.57) for BNT162b2 (HR, 0.93; 0.89-0.98). Conclusions: Results from this observational comparative VE database study provide evidence that among older adults, a third dose of mRNA-1273 was more effective in preventing breakthrough COVID-19 hospitalization and medically attended COVID-19 infection compared with a third dose of BNT162b2.
Large Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Consequence of Elective Surgery Deferment During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer that can be treated effectively with limited morbidity if caught and treated early with elective surgical procedures. The COVID-19 pandemic caused most healthcare facilities to delay or defer elective surgeries as they allocated workforce and resources to treating significant increases of critically ill patients. This care delay has increased morbidity and mortality of many conditions treated with surgery. A few case reports exist on delayed elective surgeries' effects on patients and healthcare facilities. We report a case of cSCC enlarging and locally spreading due to elective surgery delay during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury treated with kidney replacement therapy: Comparison between the first and second pandemic waves in São Paulo, Brazil

Introduction This study aimed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) who were treated with kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the first and second waves of the pandemic in the megalopolis of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 10 intensive care units (ICUs). Patients aged ≥18 years, and treated with KRT due to COVID-19-associated AKI were included. We compared demographic, laboratory and clinical data, KRT parameters and patient outcomes in the first and second COVID-19 waves. Results We assessed 656 patients (327 in the first wave and 329 in the second one). Second-wave patients were admitted later (7.1±5.0 vs. 5.6±3.9 days after the onset of symptoms, p<0.001), were younger (61.4±13.7 vs. 63.8±13.6 years, p = 0.023), had a lower frequency of diabetes (37.1% vs. 47.1%, p = 0.009) and obesity (29.5% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.007), had a greater need for vasopressors (93.3% vs. 84.6%, p<0.001) and mechanical ventilation (95.7% vs. 87.8%, p<0.001), and had higher lethality (84.8% vs. 72.7%, p<0.001) than first-wave patients. KRT quality markers were independently associated with a reduction in the OR for death in both pandemic waves. Conclusions In the Sao Paulo megalopolis, the lethality of critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated AKI treated with KRT was higher in the second wave of the pandemic, despite these patients being younger and having fewer comorbidities. Potential factors related to this poor outcome were difficulties in health care access, lack of intra-hospital resources, delay vaccination and virus variants.
Flagellar motors of swimming bacteria contain an incomplete set of stator units to ensure robust motility

Flagellated bacteria, like Escherichia coli, swim by rotating helical flagellar filaments powered by rotary flagellar motors at their base. Motor dynamics are sensitive to the load it drives. It was previously thought that motor load was high when driving filament rotation in free liquid environments. However, torque measurements from swimming bacteria revealed substantially lower values compared to single-motor studies. We addressed this inconsistency through motor resurrection experiments, abruptly attaching a 1-micrometer-diameter bead to the filament to ensure high load. Unexpectedly, we found that the motor works with only half the complement of stator units when driving filament rotation. This suggests that the motor is not under high load during bacterial swimming, which we confirmed by measuring the torque-speed relationship by varying media viscosity. Therefore, the motor operates in an intermediate-load region, adaptively regulating its stator number on the basis of external load conditions. This ensures the robustness of bacterial motility when swimming in diverse load conditions and varying flagella numbers.
Late Permian carbonate concretions in the marine siliciclastic sediments of the Ravnefjeld Formation, East Greenland

Late Permian Ravnefjeld Formation in East Greenland forms part of the multi-disciplinary research project Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland (TUPOLAR; Stemmerik et al. 1996, 1999). The TUPOLAR project focuses on investigations and evaluation of potential hydrocarbon and mineral resources of the Upper Permian – Mesozoic sedimentary basins. In this context, the Upper Permian Ravnefjeld Formation occupies a pivotal position because it contains local mineralisations and has source rock potential for hydrocarbons adjacent to potential carbonate reservoir rocks of the partly time-equivalent Wegener Halvø Formation (Harpøth et al. 1986; Surlyk et al. 1986; Stemmerik et al. 1998; Pedersen & Stendal 2000). A better understanding of the sedimentary facies and diagenesis of the Ravnefjeld Formation is therefore crucial for an evaluation of the economic potential of East Greenland. The original field work was carried out in 1998, when sampling was undertaken of representative carbonate concretions and surrounding beds from a limited number of well-exposed sections in the Ravnefjeld Formation. The sampled material was subsequently investigated by a combination of petrography and stable isotope chemistry to decipher the relationships between the diagenetic development of the carbonate concretions and the mineralisation in the sequence. The sequential precipitation of the cement generations was analysed in cement-filled primary voids in gastropods because these showed the most complete development of the different cement generations. The geochemistry of stable isotopes (δ13C, δ18O and δ34S) was also studied (Nielsen 2001). During the petrographic work, we became aware of a hitherto unrecognised biota dominated by calcispheres. The well-developed cement generations in primary cavities in skeletal material were used to elucidate the diagenesis. Geology and carbonate concretions
Human Neuroscience Original Research Article

(Hallett, 2007). None of the studies conducted so far provide tools for answering the question whether or not free will (in philosophical terms) exists: this is still unproven and perhaps unprov-able (Baumeister, 2008). Rather, they illuminate the relationship between brain mechanisms involved in our subjective experience of what appear as conscious and voluntary decisions or intentions The fi rst attempt of a scientifi c investigation into the sense of volition has been done by Libet et al. (1983), who conducted pioneering studies on consciousness and intentional acts. In a typical Libet's experiment, subjects sat in front of a clock with a rapidly moving spot and they were asked to move their index fi nger or their wrist at will. Subsequently, they were asked to report what time it was (i.e. where the spot was) when they had the fi rst subjective experience of intending to act. This reported time is called the will judgment (W). At the same time, Libet et al. (1983) recorded the electrical brain activity and movement-related corti-cal potentials were assessed to determine the timing of activity of the brain. The critical fi nding was that individuals' voluntary acts were preceded by a slow negative-going potential named readiness potential (RP), that begins 500 ms to about 1,000 ms before the action. The reported W was approximately 200 ms before the response. Thus, the neural preparation for the action began about 300–800 ms before the person consciously made the decision to act.
Sources and atmospheric processes impacting oxalate at a suburban coastal site in Hong Kong: Insights inferred from 1 year hourly measurements

Oxalic acid is one of the most abundant dicarboxylic acids in the atmosphere, receiving a great deal of attention due to its potential influence on cloud condensation nucleus activities. In this work, we report 10 months of hourly oxalate measurements in particulate matter of less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) by a Monitor for Aerosols and Gases in ambient Air at a suburban coastal site in Hong Kong from April 2012 to February 2013. A total of more than 6000 sets of oxalate and inorganic ion data were obtained. The mean (±SD) oxalate concentration was 0.34 (±0.18) µg m−3, accounting for 2.8% of the total ion mass and 1.5% of the PM2.5 mass. Seasonal variation showed higher concentrations in fall and winter (0.54 and 0.36 µg m−3, respectively) and lower concentrations in spring and summer (~0.26 µg m−3). Different from the inorganic ions, a shallow dip in the oxalate concentration consistently occurred in the morning after sunrise (around 9:00 A.M.) throughout all seasons. Our analysis suggests that this was likely due to photolysis of oxalate‐Fe (III) complex under sunlight. In summer, a small daytime peak was discernable for oxalate and nitrate. This characteristic, together with a more evident diurnal variation of O3, indicates comparatively more active photochemical oxidation in summer than other seasons. High correlations were observed between oxalate and non‐sea‐salt SO42− (NSS) (R2 = 0.63) and Ox (O3 + NO2) (R2 = 0.48), indicating significant commonality in their secondary formation. Positive matrix factorization analysis of oxalate and other real‐time gas and particle‐phase component data estimates that secondary formation processes, including secondary gas or aqueous oxidation processes (49%), oxidation processes of biomass burning emissions (37%), accounted for the majority of PM2.5 oxalate. A backward trajectories cluster analysis found that higher oxalate/NSS ratios were associated with low pollution samples under the influence of marine air masses while the ratios were lower in high pollution samples that were typically associated with continental air masses passing through areas of high anthropogenic emissions. Isolating the “low pollution marine” aerosols across the entire data set indicates that oxalate production increased in the summer compared to other seasons, suggesting either more active marine emissions of oxalate precursors or stronger photochemical processes in the summer.
Baseline Liver Ultrasound Findings in Preschool Children From the Praziquantel in Preschoolers Trial in Lake Albert, Uganda

Background: Periportal fibrosis is a late-stage manifestation of chronic infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Praziquantel (PZQ), the only drug available for the treatment of schistosomiasis, has limited effect in treating established morbidity. Preschool-age children (PSAC) are not considered to be an at-risk population for severe morbidity. However, the prevalence of periportal fibrosis in PSAC in S. mansoni endemic settings is unknown. Methods: As part of a phase II clinical trial comparing different dosing regimens of PZQ in children age 12–47 months infected with S. mansoni in Uganda (“praziquantel in preschoolers” trial), we present baseline results assessing liver ultrasound (US) findings as per the WHO Niamey Protocol. Results: A total of 7/347 (2%) PSAC had Image Pattern C with pipe stems and echogenic rings suggestive of periportal fibrosis, 29/347 (8%) had Image Pattern B and 58 (17%) had evidence of periportal thickening There were higher adjusted odds of periportal thickening with older age [odds ratio (OR): 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.07], primary maternal education (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00–1.07) and being taken to the lake weekly (OR: 3.02; 95% CI: 1.19–7.63). A further 44/347 children (13%) had a rounded caudal liver edge which was associated with high S. mansoni infection intensity (adjusted OR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.46–7.51). Conclusions: Incipient schistosomiasis-related liver morbidity was detected in young children enrolled in the praziquantel in preschoolers trial. Adequate age-adjusted reference measurements for liver ultrasound findings in very small children are lacking but urgently needed. Schistosomiasis-related fibrosis may be delayed or averted with early and repeated PZQ treatment.