Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of minimum wage and prompt salary payment on teachers’ effectiveness in public secondary schools

Obviously that less motivated teachers are less productive and less disposed to perform their best, despite their acquired teaching experiences in secondary schools. Drawing on equity theory, valence expectancy theory, and the two-factor theory, this paper examines the influence of minimum wage and prompt salary payment on teacher effectiveness in public secondary schools. The study’s sample was drawn from 20 selected public secondary schools in Ibadan North local government area of Oyo State, Nigeria. This study adopts a quantitative research approach. The questionnaires were randomly distributed. Out of 200 questionnaires, 149 questionnaires were effective for analysis after analyzing the data with SPSS version 25. This study revealed that minimum wage, prompt salary payment, and demographic variables have significant independent and joint influence on teachers’ effectiveness in public secondary schools. It was proved that several teachers are dissatisfied with minimum wage payments and that prompt salary payment influences teachers’ effectiveness. Therefore, the study recommended that the state government should review the current minimum wage, making it more attractive to motivate teachers, thereby directly enhancing teachers’ effectiveness. The focus should also be on achieving prompt salary payment through consistent and effective salary scheme management, promoting teachers’ effectiveness. AcknowledgmentThe current author acknowledges the Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, under Professor Wilfred Ukpere, in funding the current study and its publication.
5G satellite networks for Internet of Things: Offloading and backhauling

One of the main drivers of 5G cellular networks is provision of connectivity service for various Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Considering the potential volume of IoT devices at a global scale, the next leap is to integrate Non‐Terrestrial Networks (NTN) into 5G terrestrial systems, thereby extending the coverage and complementing the terrestrial service. This paper focuses on the use of low‐Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations for two specific purposes: offloading and backhauling. The former allows offloading IoT traffic from a congested terrestrial network, usually in a very dense area. In the latter application, the constellation provides a multi‐hop backhaul that connects a remote terrestrial Next Generation NodeB (gNB) to the 5G core network. After providing an overview of the status of the 3GPP standardization process, we model and analyze the user data performance, specifically in the uplink access and the satellite multi‐hop constellation path. The evaluation of the collisions, the delay and Age of Information, and the comparison of the terrestrial and the satellite access networks provide useful insights to understand the potential of LEO constellations for offloading and backhauling of IoT traffic.
Composition of spontaneous black garlic fermentation in a water bath

Garlic has been used as a seasoning food in Asian and medical herb due to its potential benefits i.e. antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor and immunomodulatory activities (Banerjee et al., 2013; Sultan et al., 2014). However, its consumption is still limited because the taste, flavor, and odor aren’t preferred (Tanamai et al., 2017; Ngan et al., 2017), it has a tendency to cause stomach upset and it might be toxic at high doses (Bae et al., 2012). Black garlic is a garlic product that is produced to be preferred and it easily consumed. Black garlic produced by heating garlic at high temperature and high humidity (Ngan et al., 2017; Kang et al., 2008; Bae et al., 2014; Choi et al., 2014; Kimura et al., 2017), enzyme treatment and curing (Wang and Sun, 2017). Black garlic is also defined as a fermented product, made by spontaneous fermentation of whole garlic bulbs (Kim et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2011; Sato et al, 2006). The term spontaneous fermentation of black garlic supported by Qiu et al. (2018) has been succeeded isolating of 4 microbe genera: Thermus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, and Brevundimonas from black garlic procesed in the heating oven at 80 °C for 12 days on vacuum sealed bags. On the other hand, Setiyoningrum et al. (2018) made black garlic through (unspontaneous) fermentation, inoculated with Saccharomyces kluyveri Y97. In this research, black garlic was made focus by spontaneous fermentation in a water bath.
Effects of uniconazole on the physiological characteristics and cadmium accumulation of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings

To determine if the uniconazole concentration(s) whether could enhance the cadmium (Cd) tolerance of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings, the effects of spray treatments with various uniconazole concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mg/L) on the physiological characteristics and Cd accumulation of C. betacea seedlings were studied in a hydroponic experiment. The results indicated that uniconazole significantly decreased the Cd content of C. betacea seedling stems, leaves, and shoots, but significantly increased the biomass of all analyzed seedling parts. Additionally, the leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents as well as the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and CO2 concentration of intercellular were higher for the uniconazole‐treated C. betacea seedlings than for the control seedlings. The optimal uniconazole concentration significantly promoted the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities and the soluble protein content of C. betacea leaves. Moreover, uniconazole decreased the soluble sugar content of the C. betacea roots and stems, but had the opposite effect on the soluble sugar content of the leaves and shoots. The 20 mg/L uniconazole treatment resulted in the highest C. betacea seedling biomass and the lowest Cd content, indicating this concentration may be useful for improving C. betacea seedling growth in Cd‐contaminated soils.
MiR-182-5p promotes the Metastasis and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeting EPAS1

Background: Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanisms through which miR-182-5p regulate NSCLC progression have not been established. This study aimed at evaluating the expression levels of miR-182-5p in human NSCLC and its function in lung cancer cells. Endothelial PAS Domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1; also referred to as hypoxia-inducing factor 2A, HIF-2α) is a transcription factor that is responsible for induction of genes related to cell survival under hypoxia conditions. Hypoxia, an inherent feature of solid tumors, is associated with aggressive phenotypes, as well as resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which predict metastasis and poor prognosis. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to investigate the association between miR-182-5p expression and clinicopathological characteristics as well as prognosis of NSCLC patients. Target genes of miR-182-5p were identified using the PITA, miRmap, microT, miRanda, PicTar, and TargetScan prediction tools. Transwell assays were performed to determine the potential functions of miR-182-5p in lung cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to analyze regulation of the putative target of miR-182-5p while western blot assays were used to validate the luciferase results. Results: miR-182-5p was found to be upregulated in NSCLC tissues and acted as an independent prognostic factor for tumor recurrence in NSCLC patients. Functionally, overexpression of miR-182-5p promoted lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Genome-wide gene expression analysis and luciferase report assays revealed that EPAS1 is a direct target of miR-182-5p. EPAS1 was negatively correlated with miR-182-5p expression in NSCLC tissues. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses identified EPAS1 as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in NSCLC. Conclusions: These findings imply that miR-182-5p promotes NSCLC progression by targeting EPAS1 and is, therefore, a potential indicator of tumor recurrence in NSCLC patients.
Chemical forms of soil heavy metals and their environmental significance.

This paper introduced the chemical forms of soil heavy metals and their analytical methods,with the focus on the distribution and conversion of different form heavy metals and their affecting factors.The chemical forms of soil heavy metals are of significance for evaluating their mobility and bioavailability,and the possibility of soil remediation,while chemical form analysis could reflect the contributions of natural and human activities to the sources of soil heavy metals and their ecotoxicities.Soil heavy metals could have different toxicities and environmental behaviors due to their chemical form conversion.
Characterization of Austenitic Stainless Steels with Regard to Environmentally Assisted Fatigue in Simulated Light Water Reactor Conditions

A substantial amount of research effort has been applied to the field of environmentally assisted fatigue (EAF) due to the requirement to account for the EAF behaviour of metals for existing and new build nuclear power plants. We present the results of the European project INcreasing Safety in NPPs by Covering Gaps in Environmental Fatigue Assessment (INCEFA-PLUS), during which the sensitivities of strain range, environment, surface roughness, mean strain and hold times, as well as their interactions on the fatigue life of austenitic steels has been characterized. The project included a test campaign, during which more than 250 fatigue tests were performed. The tests did not reveal a significant effect of mean strain or hold time on fatigue life. An empirical model describing the fatigue life as a function of strain rate, environment and surface roughness is developed. There is evidence for statistically significant interaction effects between surface roughness and the environment, as well as between surface roughness and strain range. However, their impact on fatigue life is so small that they are not practically relevant and can in most cases be neglected. Reducing the environmental impact on fatigue life by modifying the temperature or strain rate leads to an increase of the fatigue life in agreement with predictions based on NUREG/CR-6909. A limited sub-programme on the sensitivity of hold times at elevated temperature at zero force conditions and at elevated temperature did not show the beneficial effect on fatigue life found in another study.
Optimizing the Geometric Parameters of a Straight-Through Labyrinth Seal to Minimize the Leakage Flow Rate and the Discharge Coefficient

A straight-through labyrinth seal is one of the most popular non-contacting annular seals through which energy dissipation by turbulence viscosity interaction is achieved with a series of teeth and cavities. The geometric parameters of the straight-through labyrinth seal, such as clearance, tooth width, tooth height, cavity width, and tooth inclination angle, affect its performance. The space for installing a labyrinth seal in turbomachinery is limited, and so it is important to optimize its geometry for a fixed axial length in order to minimize the leakage flow rate and the discharge coefficient. The objective of the current study is to understand the effects of changing the geometric parameters of the seal on the leakage flow rate and the discharge coefficient, and to determine the optimized geometry for a fixed axial length. When the whole axial length is fixed, the most effective way to decrease the discharge coefficient is to reduce the cavity width by increasing the number of cavities. However, if the number of cavities is too high, the beneficial effect of more cavities can be reversed. The results of this study will help turbomachinery manufacturers to design a more efficient labyrinth seal. Numerical simulations of leakage flow for the straight-through labyrinth seal were carried out using Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models, and the results for their discharge coefficients and pressure distributions were compared to previously published experimental data.
The Correlation between Enclosure and Customer’s Response

There is a change in store design that is widely used by brands to sell their products. Brands that use temporary store is no longer integrating any boundaries to separate the store from the environment around them. The existence of boundaries relates to the spatial quality of the store, which ultimately has a relation to the response of customers. The new trend of retail shows that enclosure is no longer needed to accommodate shopping experience. Unfortunately, there is still limited literature that studies the enclosure of the store as a spatial quality in a store environment. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the enclosure of a store environment and the customer’s shopping experience. This paper also extends the research related to the store’s spatial quality and its relation to the customers. A literature review was conducted to further investigate the relationship between enclosure as the store’s spatial quality, product engagement, and customer responses. This study features three store simulation videos with three different types of enclosure (4 walls, 2 walls, 0 wall) and two sets of questionnaires to study the customer’s behavior. We interviewed 163 respondents from the age range of 19-35 in this study. The results indicate that the store with no enclosure encourages the customer to stay longer compared to the store with an enclosure. These findings can later be used as consideration for retail designers to develop their stores.
Dynamic Characterization of Combined
Toxicity Interaction of Heavy Metals Towards
Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Typical contaminants heavy metals are threatening the survival and health of organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, toxic effects and possible mechanisms of five heavy metals, copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and their mixtures towards Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) were investigated by the time-dependent microplate toxicity analysis (t-MTA) method. Here, direct equilibration ray method (EquRay) and uniform design ray method (UD-Ray) were used to design ten binary and one quinary mixture systems, respectively. Then, a return-to-zero fitting (RTZF) method was used to analyze toxicity interaction within mixture systems. According to RTZF, one binary and quinary heavy metal mixture systems exhibit time-dependent and component-dependent antagonism. Antagonism in Zn-Cd mixture system increases gradually from 24 to 48 h then decreases gradually from 48 to 96 h. Toxicity interaction within quinary mixture changes from additive action to antagonism and to additive action again over time. The change of chlorophyll-a reduction rate under the action of different heavy metal is slightly different. The toxicity mechanism of copper on algal cells include destruction of cell membrane and chloroplast structure.
History Matching of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using a Deep Sparse Autoencoder

Although researchers have applied many methods to history matching, such as Monte Carlo methods, ensemble-based methods, and optimization algorithms, history matching fractured reservoirs is still challenging. The key challenges are effectively representing the fracture network and coping with large amounts of reservoir-model parameters. With increasing numbers of fractures, the dimension becomes larger, resulting in heavy computational work in the inversion of fractures. This paper proposes a new characterization method for the multiscale fracture network, and a powerful dimensionality-reduction method by means of an autoencoder for model parameters. The characterization method of the fracture network is dependent on the length, orientation, and position of fractures, including large-scale and small-scale fractures. To significantly reduce the dimension of parameters, the deep sparse autoencoder (DSAE) transforms the input to the low-dimensional latent variables through encoding and decoding. Integrated with the greedy layer-wise algorithm, we set up a DSAE and then take the latent variables as optimization variables. The performance of the DSAE with fewer activating nodes is excellent because it reduces the redundant information of the input and avoids overfitting. Then, we adopt the ensemble smoother (ES) with multiple data assimilation (ES-MDA) to solve this minimization problem. We test our proposed method in three synthetic reservoir history-matching problems, compared with the no-dimensionality-reduction method and the principal-component analysis (PCA). The numerical results show that the characterization method integrated with the DSAE could simplify the fracture network, preserve the distribution of fractures during the update, and improve the quality of history matching naturally fractured reservoirs.
Optimization of formulation and process variables using central composite design for the production of nevirapine spray dried solid dispersion

Abstract The objective of the present investigation was to develop and optimize spray dried solid dispersion for dissolution enhancement of an anti-HIV drug, Nevirapine. The pareto chart of Plackett and Burman screening design revealed that drug: polymer ratio, concentration of silicon dioxide, and feed flow rate had a significant effect on production yield and drug release (Q60). These factors were further studied using central composite design to obtain optimized formulation. Optimized formulation was characterized by DSC, XRD, and SEM, and studied for drug release and accelerated stability. Spray dried solid dispersion formulated with drug: polymer ratio of 1:2, 2% w/w silicon dioxide and 1 mL/min flow rate gave the best result of 69.02% production yield and 80.46% drug release.
Test Architecture Optimization for Post-bond Test and Pre-bond Tests of 3D SoCs Using TAM Reuse

ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D) integration based on through-silicon-via (TSV) is an emerging technology. It provides reduced interconnection length, heterogeneous integration, higher performance, and bandwidth. However, 3D design poses several challenges and testing of 3D integrated circuits (ICs) is a key challenge. So, effective test mechanisms are necessary to test this new generation chip. In this paper, we address test architecture optimization and test schedule for 3D System-on-Chip (SoC). A novel heuristic is suggested to minimize the post-bond test time of 3D SoC under the constraints of TSV and power consumption. Also, the total test time is minimized by considering the routing cost of test access mechanisms (TAMs). We minimize the TAM wire length by sharing TAM segments in pre-bond tests and post-bond test. Simulations are carried out on different ITC'02 test benchmarks that demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Natural increase, net replacement rate, output and population dynamic of Aceh cattle in Livestock Breeding and Forage Center of Indrapuri

This study aimed to estimate natural increase (NI), net replacement rate (NRR), output, and population dynamics of Aceh cattle at Livestock Breeding and Forage Center in Indrapuri, Aceh province. Data of population structure, mortality, birth rate, the number of animals entering the herd, and the number of animals released from the herd during 2019 were used for determining NI and NRR , and it is used for estimation of output . P opulation structure data (2015-2019) were used to estimate the population dynamics. The results showed that NI was 19.08% (medium category). The availability of replacement stock exceeded the need for replacement (140.08% for male and 73.33% for female); the NRR was 240.08% (male) and 173.33% (female). The output of Aceh cattle was 3.92% (culled male), 5.58% (culled female); the remaining replacement stocks were 5.49% (male) and 4.09% (female) of the total population. The populatio n of Aceh cattle from 2020 to 2024 was expected to increase by 6.02% (65 heads) on average. In conclusion, that BPTU-HPT Indrapuri can be categorized as a beef cattle producing region, but still need efforts to increase natural increase by increasing birth rate minimum 32.77% and reducing mortality maximum 3.0%, in combination with better management systems.
The impact of anti‐sweatshop activism on employment

While literature on the anti-sweatshop campaigns has empirically rejected the negative impact on employment, this paper shows that anti-sweatshop activisms for multinational companies in Indonesia had a negative impact on employment. My result suggests that the result in literature comes from disregarding the differences in some dimensions of firm characteristics between treatment and control groups.
Individual versus Team-Based responses to Script Concordance Test in Teaching Clinical Reasoning

Introduction: Although clinical competence is multi-dimensional and should be acquired by each medical student, but most students learn clinical reasoning skills informally in clinical rotations. Accordingly, A prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted aiming to evaluate the merging of Script Concordance Test (SCT) and Team Based Learning (TBL) as a teaching/learning approach in clinical setting for medical students. Methodology: The study ran in three phases. Phase 1 (preparatory phase) involved students’ preparation and preparation of SCT. Phase 2 (implementation phase) included application of individual and team SCT (iSCT and tSCT respectively). Phase 3 (evaluation phase) compared score results and obtained students’ feedback.Results: Significant differences existed when comparing individual students’ response or students’ teams’ responses with experts scores. However, the use of the SCT/TBL approach had improved the clinical reasoning skills of the students in some vignettes and helped the lower achievers through the tSCT. The students found the approach appropriate for teaching or formatively assessing clinical reasoning. It helped them to discuss, correct their mistakes and improve their problem solving and reasoning skills. Conclusion: team-based learning improved students’ responses, especially the lower achievers, to script concordance test. SCT/TBL approach can be used to teach clinical reasoning for undergraduate students.
Immigration and Gender Differences in the Labor Market

This paper analyzes the effect of immigration on gender gaps. Using an equilibrium structural model for the US economy, I simulate the importance of two mechanisms: the differential increase in labor market competition from immigration on male and female workers and the availability of cheaper childcare services. Aggregate effects on gender and participation gaps are negligible. Females are more negatively affected by labor market competition, but the availability of cheaper childcare compensates for these effects. This generates heterogeneity in the effects along skill distribution: gender gaps are increased at the bottom and reduced at the top. Human capital adjustments are also heterogeneous.
Teacher-student interactions and academic performance of students

The main goal of this study was to investigate the influence of teacherstudent interaction on academic performance of the students. Hundred participants (50 teachers and 50 students) were selected through purposive sampling technique to conduct this research. Teacher and student feedback were measured by using the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) as well as students’ academic performance was calculated by using last year grade point average (GPA) of each student. Pearson product moment correlation was used which indicated a positive significant correlation (r = 0.70, p < 0.05) between teacher-student interaction and academic performance of the students. The findings indicated the importance of teacher-student relationships to attain academic success of the students. The results suggest providing appropriate academic resources and aids for the teachers to meet the individual needs of their students.