Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Police Car Visibility: Detection, Categorization, and Defining Components

Police car visibility is an important consideration for both Community Oriented Policing and safety. Highly visible police cars promote a sense of police presence in communities, and presumably, they are less likely to be hit by other motorists. The present research included two experiments that investigated police car visibility. Experiment 1 used detection and categorization tasks to investigate which paint scheme, black/white or white, was better detected and categorized. Experiment 2 used a categorization task that included stimuli consisting of complete and partially-complete police cars to investigate the defining components of police cars. The results indicated that black/white police cars were better categorized than white, but white was better detected than black/white. Further, black/white paint was a dominant component that overshadowed the effects of light bars, make/model, or markings. Finally, light bars were more important than markings for defining police cars.
An Experimental Study on Behavior of FRP-HSC-Steel Double-Skin Tubular Columns under Concentric Compression

This paper reports on part of an ongoing experimental program at The University of Adelaide on FRP-concrete-steel composite columns. The results from eight FRP-concrete-steel double-skin columns (DSTCs) that were tested under constant axial compression are presented. The key parameters examined included diameter, thickness, and strength of inner steel tube. The results of the experimental study indicate that concrete in a DSTC system is confined effectively by FRP and steel tubes. The results also indicate that increasing the inner steel tube diameter leads to an increase in the ultimate axial strength and strain of DSTCs. No clear influence of the strength of inner steel tube is observed on the ultimate condition of concrete in DSTCs. These results are presented together with a discussion on the influence of the key parameters on the compressive behavior of DSTCs.
Glycemic targets in critically ill adults: A mini-review

Illness-induced hyperglycemia impairs neutrophil function, increases pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibits fibrinolysis, and promotes cellular damage. In turn, these mechanisms lead to pneumonia and surgical site infections, prolonged mechanical ventilation, prolonged hospitalization, and increased mortality. For optimal glucose control, blood glucose measurements need to be done accurately, frequently, and promptly. When choosing glycemic targets, one should keep the glycemic variability < 4 mmol/L and avoid targeting a lower limit of blood glucose < 4.4 mmol/L. The upper limit of blood glucose should be set according to casemix and the quality of glucose control. A lower glycemic target range (i.e., blood glucose 4.5-7.8 mmol/L) would be favored for patients without diabetes mellitus, with traumatic brain injury, or who are at risk of surgical site infection. To avoid harm from hypoglycemia, strict adherence to glycemic control protocols and timely glucose measurements are required. In contrast, a higher glycemic target range (i.e., blood glucose 7.8-10 mmol/L) would be favored as a default choice for medical-surgical patients and patients with diabetes mellitus. These targets may be modified if technical advances for blood glucose measurement and control can be achieved.
Development of an electromagnetic micro-generator

An electromagnetic micro-generator is described, based on a planar pick-up coil and flexible polyimide membrane of diameter 2 mm with attached magnet. During large amplitudes of vibration of the device, the membrane displacement characteristics become nonlinear due to the spring stiffening effect, limiting the maximum generated power to 0.3 /spl mu/W.
Copyright 2009 by Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Inc. All rights reserved. 10.1518/107118109X12524444081999

Driving while speaking on a cellular telephone is one of today’s most controversial and risky dual task situations. Proficient video game players possess superior divided attention ability and were hypothesized to display superior driving performance compared to non-gamers when engaged in these dual tasks. 115 university students were tested following characterization of their video game proficiency. The driving task, was performed using Drivesim 4.00 software, and was presented by itself as well as in combination with a series of verbal tasks simulating a telephone conversation (the dual task situation). The verbal tasks were also tested apart from the simulated driving. Each participant was thus his/her own control so that the effect of driving or performing verbal tasks could be examined separately and in combination with each other. Compared to nongamers, proficient video game players had fewer crashes and drove more safely in the dual task conditions.
The Self-Report Methodology in Crime Research

Self-reports are often used in criminological research. Use of self-reports raises a number of important methodological issues including sampling options, participation and response rate concerns, and validity problems related to respondent characteristics, criminal involvement, and memory effects. Other central issues include instrument construction, conceptualization of the dependent variable, administration of the instrument, and reliability. The self-report method has improved greatly over the past fifty years. Many of its problems and limitations have been addressed. Although the self-report method does not replace other measures or methods, it has become a valuable tool for measuring criminal involvement and testing theory.
Pituitary Tumours

The chapter focuses on understanding the latest classification of the pituitary adenomas in light of immuno-histological and molecular signatures as envisaged in the latest WHO classification guidelines. It further looks into evaluating and analysing the symptoms of the adenoma locally and at distant organs. Imaging and hormonal analysis has been discussed in detail for both functional, non-functional and pituitary apoplexy. Further, the therapeutic options- medical, surgical and their outcomes have been highlighted.
Behavioral Studies of Dairy Cattle Sensitivity to Electrical Currents

ABSTRACT ELECTRICAL resistance data were collected for eight pathways through dairy cows. Significant variation in resistance was found between pathways through individual cows and between cows. The mean path resistances ranged from 359 ohms for a mouth-all hooves pathway to 738 ohms for a front-rear hooves pathway. The distribution for the mouth-all hooves pathway showed 25% of the population below 302 ohms and 75% below 441 ohms. Three experiments assessing animal sensitivity to current based on behavioral indicators were performed. No suppression of a learned response to obtain food was found up to 6.0 mA front-rear hooves shock. However, muzzle-all hooves shocks as low as 1.0 mA suppressed plate pressing behavior. A specific avoidance response to a mouth-all hooves shock was exhibited 13.8% of the time at 1.0 mA and 92.3% at 4.0 mA, while a learned escape response to a front-rear hooves shock above a normal activity level occurred between 2.0 and 3.0 mA.
Strut-and-Tie Method for CFRP Strengthened Deep RC Members

In recent years, a great deal of research on the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite retrofitted systems has been done. The investigation of CFRP retrofit systems, however, has focused on flexural and shear strengthening for slender concrete members. Very limited work has been done on CFRP strengthened deep concrete structures. For analysis of CFRP strengthened deep reinforced concrete (RC) members, the strut-and-tie method (STM) is also a powerful analysis tool since a bonded CFRP element acts as an additional tension tie. In this paper, a practical analysis and design process for CFRP strengthened deep RC members using the STM is presented. In addition, seven effective factor models accounting for reduction of strength in cracked concrete were also investigated. A total of 17 experimental deep beam test results were compared with the proposed STM approach results. It has been shown that the proposed STM approach with an effective factor model depending on the strut angle provides the best agreement with the test results.
Determining A Priority Order Between ThermicUtilization Processes For Organic IndustrialWaste With LCA

The persistent organic pollutants (POPs) waste take the main place in the group of organic industrial waste and the residues of the POPs waste generated in the processes of the chemical industry. There are green chemistry methods and some other treatment approaches for decreasing the quantity of the organic industrial waste, but currently thermic treatment processes are the most popular alternatives. This paper summarises thermic utilisation processes with a comparison between the different technologies, stressing factors affecting their applicability and operational suitability. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) can play an important role in such research. With the application of LCA for the Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technologies, their economic and environmental efficiency can be determined. Their advantages and disadvantages are examined in such a multi-component matrix. The LCA software GaBi 5 Professional is the basis for life-cycle impact assessment. The research can set up prognoses and models with LCA analyses and the conscious application of scientific methods, which can offer a prognosis for untested situations. While examining the above viewpoints, it worked out a new mathematical method which, in addition to the LCA, takes time and probability into consideration with the combination of a programming language, and which may mark a new direction for solutions and decision making in waste management. Despite the fact that chemical industry and environmental protection are closely interlocked, there is fairly poor national and international professional literature available about the two connected professions.
Conditional Time-Varying General Dynamic Factor Models and Its Application to the Measurement of Volatility Spillovers across Russian Assets

This study analyzes the spillover effects of volatility in the Russian stock market. The paper applies the Diebold–Yilmaz connectedness methodology to characterize volatility spillovers between Russian assets. The spectral representation of the forecast variance decomposition proposed by Baruník and Křehlik is used to describe the connectivity in short-term (up to 5 days), medium-term (6–20 days) and long-term (more than 20 days) time frequencies. Additionally, two new augmented models are developed and applied to evaluate conditional spillover effects in different sectors of the Russian economy for the period from January 2012 to June 2021. It is shown that spillover effects increase significantly during political and economic crises and decrease during periods of relative stability. The rising of the overall level of spillovers in the Russian stock market coincides in time with the political crisis of 2014, the intensification of anti-Russian sanctions in 2018 and the fall in oil prices and the start of the pandemic in 2020. With the consideration of the augmented models it can be argued that a significant part of the long-term spillover effects on the Russian stock market may be caused by the influence of external economic and political factors. However, volatility spillovers generated by internal Russian idiosyncratic shocks are short-term. Thus, the proposed approach provides new information on the impact of external factors on volatility spillovers in the Russian stock market.
JSC MARS-1: A Martian Soil Simulant

We have developed a simulant for the oxidized soil of Mars to support scientific research, engineering studies and education. JSC Mars-1 is the <1 mm size fraction of altered volcanic ash from a Hawaiian cinder cone. The simulant closely matches the reflectance spectrum and approximates the mineralogy, chemical composition, grain size, density, porosity and magnetic properties of Martian soil. JSC Mars-1 is currently available to qualified investigators and educators.
Conclusions: how to stimulate creative knowledge environments

In this chapter, we first elaborate on the discussion of the nature of CKEs that has taken place in the previous chapters in the book. Secondly, we summarise the main lessons we have learnt about CKEs from the studies reported in this book. Thirdly, we identify and analyse what circumstances and conditions promote creativity in organisations and which ones hinder it. We also identify some of the main policy implications of our findings. Finally, we end by pointing to six issues on which further research is needed.
SHORT CHANNEL, FLOATING BODY, AND 3D COUPLING EFFECTS IN TRIPLE-GATE MOSFET

We have investigated the short-channel effect (SCE), floating-body effect, and three-dimensional coupling effect in triple-gate MOSFET with various fin widths, gate lengths and number of fins. It is found that the SCE of these devices is alleviated as the fin width shrinks and does not depend on the number of fins. The gate-induced floating-body effect (GIFBE) is visible even in fully depleted (FD) triple-gate transistors when the film-buried oxide (BOX) interface is swept from depletion to accumulation by the back-gate bias. The 3-D coupling effect in vertical, lateral, and longitudinal directions was investigated for different channel geometries. The biasing condition which enables the simultaneous activation of all channels and gives rise to volume inversion is discussed.
Inter-chip optical interconnects using imaging fiber bundles and integrated CMOS detectors

We present a novel parallel optical link for inter-chip communication. The link consists of a high-performance LED array flip-chip mounted on CMOS drivers, an imaging fiber bundle and a standard CMOS detector/receiver array. The power consumption is 4 mW and 7.5 mW per channel at 300 Mbit/s and 700 Mbit/s, respectively. Each channel takes an area of merely 100 /spl mu/m /spl times/ 100 /spl mu/m.
European design rules for point loads near supports evaluated with data from shear tests on non‐slender beams with vertical stirrups

This paper includes a presentation of a shear test database that contains 278 tests conducted on reinforced concrete beams with vertical stirrups and no horizontal skin reinforcement. These beams are commonly referred to as non‐slender beams since they were tested using loading arrangements that created shear span‐to‐depth ratios a/d < 2.4. In an effort to arrive at a database that can be used for the purposes of evaluating the accuracy and conservativeness of design provisions, several control and filtering criteria were applied. After this process, 178 beams remained in the evaluation database. The analyses conducted using this database indicated that the application of the strut‐and‐tie models (STM) of Eurocode 2 (EC2) to non‐slender beams with stirrups is unconservative, i.e. the database analyses yielded results that were above the desired 5 % fractile. Almost all unconservative strength estimations were obtained for test specimens containing large numbers of stirrups. Conversely, statistical evaluations showed that the FIP Recommendations model for beams with point loads near supports is conservative.
A SIMPLE DISPLACEMENT-BASED MODEL FOR PREDICTING SEISMICALLY INDUCED OVERTURNING

The displacement-based modelling methodology which has been applied extensively to buildings and bridges is extended herein to model the over-turning behaviour of rigid free-standing objects. The acceleration-displacement relationship associated with the overturning motion is linearised in order that the maximum displacement experienced by the object can be estimated using the elastic displacement response spectrum of the building floor. Whilst overturning motion is characterised by highly nonlinear acceleration-displacement properties, it was observed that modelling errors arising from nonlinear behaviour can be effectively controlled through limiting the maximum displacement of the object to some 50% of the ultimate displacement for overturning. The 50% safety margin is one of the key features in the proposed model. Three rigid rectangular objects with depths of 100 mm, 300 mm and 500 mm were used initially to illustrate the use of the model. The height of these objects was 0.5 m, 1.5 m and 2.5 m respectively in order that every object has a common aspect ratio of 1:5. Despite that the aspect ratios of the objects were the same, they have very different levels of vulnerability to overturning. The proposed model was evaluated by nonlinear time-history analyses involving pulse-type excitations, recorded earthquake excitations and computer simulated earthquake excitations. Linear elastic models of buildings have also been used to simulate floor motions at the upper levels in the building. Predictions using the proposed linearised model based on the use of elastic response spectrum of the building floor was found to be very consistent with results obtained from nonlinear time-history analyses. Sufficient verification analyses have been carried out to provide the initial indications that the proposed linearised model seems to work well despite its simplicity.
The Effect of Dividend Policy and Return on Equity on Firm Value

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dividend policy which is proxied by the Dividend Payout Ratio on firm value and return equity on firm value. Secondary data were collected in samples from Manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2014 - 2017. Sampling in this study uses a purposive sampling method with criteria as (1) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014 -2017. (2) Publish audited financial statements for the 2014-2017 period in Rupiah. (3) Always has an advantage. Statistical test is done by t test and multiple linear regression analysis, before this test is done first classic assumption test. The results of the study show that: 1) Dividend Payout Ratio has a positive and not significant effect on the value of the company proxy by Price Book Value. 2) Based on the results of the study it can be seen that return on equity has a positive and significant effect on the value of the company
Engineering an emr system in the developing world necessity is the mother of invention

While Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems continue to improve the efficacy of healthcare delivery in the West, they have yet to be widely deployed in the developing world, where more than 90% of the global disease burden exists. The benefits afforded by an EMR notwithstanding, there is some skepticism regarding the feasibility of operationalizing an EMR system in a low-resource setting. This dissertation challenges these preconceptions and advances the understanding of the problems faced when implementing EMR systems to support healthcare delivery in a developing-world setting. Our methodology relies primarily on eight years of in-field experimentation and study. To facilitate a better understanding of the needs and challenges, we created a pilot system in a large government central hospital in Malawi, Africa. Learning from the pilot we developed and operationalized a point-of-care EMR system for managing the care and treatment of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, which we put forth as a demonstration of feasibility in a developing-world setting. The pilot identified many unique challenges of healthcare delivery in the developing world, and reinforced the need to engineer solutions from scratch rather than blindly transplant systems developed in and for the West. Three novel technologies were developed over the course of our study, the most significant of which is the touchscreen clinical workstation appliance. Each of the novel technologies and their contribution towards successful implementation are described in the context of both an engineering and a risk management framework. A small comparative study to address data quality concerns associated with a point-of-care approach concluded that there was no significant difference in the accuracy of data collected through the use of a prototype point-of-care system compared to that of data entered retrospectively from paper records. We conclude by noting that while feasibility has been demonstrated the greatest challenge to sustainability is the lack of financial resources to monitor and support EMR systems once in place.
Evaluation of Impacts of Open Road Tolling on Main-Line Toll Plaza

Implementation of open road tolling (ORT) can provide better performance for a toll collection facility than the use of a conventional toll plaza design. Improvements have been sought to decrease toll transaction times so that drivers experience reduced delays or none at all. Although intelligent transportation systems technology such as automatic vehicle identification in the form of electronic toll collection (ETC) is a concept that has revolutionized toll collection, with the ever-increasing traffic volumes on toll facilities, more innovative methods such as ORT are being deployed. Agencies around the world have implemented ORT, and some have integrated express (high-speed) ETC lanes in their normal plaza design. A main-line toll plaza in Orlando, Florida, was renovated following an ORT design concept. The plaza was expanded to include express ETC lanes separated from the cash payment lanes by a barrier. Data were collected before construction, during construction, and after construction was completed. Analysis showed that average reduced delays for manual cash customers equaled 49.8% and for automatic coin machine customers, 55.3%; and the speed in the express ETC lanes increased by 57%. To evaluate the benefits further, forecast scenario results from a toll plaza microsimulation model, TPSIM, were analyzed with positive conclusions. An analysis of crash data showed a 22% drop in total crashes at the plaza and a 26% drop in the plaza's area of influence. This case study provided conclusive results that implementing ORT compared with using a conventional toll facility is beneficial for improving toll collection.
Modelling of Lamb waves for damage detection in metallic structures: Part I. Wave propagation

Lamb waves are the most widely used acousto-ultrasonic guided waves for damage detection. The method is generally complicated by the coexistence of at least two highly dispersive modes at any given frequency. Furthermore pure Lamb wave modes may generate a variety of other modes by interacting with defects and/or by crossing different boundaries. Knowledge and understanding of Lamb wave propagation is important for reliable damage detection. However, the theoretical analysis of guided wave scattering forms an extremely difficult problem. This paper reports an application of the local interaction simulation approach for wave propagation in metallic structures. The focus of the analysis is on damage detection applications. The study also involves wave propagation in a piezoceramic actuator/sensor diffusion bond model in which one of the piezoceramics generates the thickness mode vibration. The simulated results are validated experimentally. The results show the potential of the method for wave propagation analysis in damage detection applications.