Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rhabdoid Tumors Are Sensitive to the Protein-Translation Inhibitor Homoharringtonine

Purpose: Rhabdoid tumors are devastating pediatric cancers in need of improved therapies. We sought to identify small molecules that exhibit in vitro and in vivo efficacy against preclinical models of rhabdoid tumor. Experimental Design: We screened eight rhabdoid tumor cell lines with 481 small molecules and compared their sensitivity with that of 879 other cancer cell lines. Genome-scale CRISPR–Cas9 inactivation screens in rhabdoid tumors were analyzed to confirm target vulnerabilities. Gene expression and CRISPR–Cas9 data were queried across cell lines and primary rhabdoid tumors to discover biomarkers of small-molecule sensitivity. Molecular correlates were validated by manipulating gene expression. Subcutaneous rhabdoid tumor xenografts were treated with the most effective drug to confirm in vitro results. Results: Small-molecule screening identified the protein-translation inhibitor homoharringtonine (HHT), an FDA-approved treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), as the sole drug to which all rhabdoid tumor cell lines were selectively sensitive. Validation studies confirmed the sensitivity of rhabdoid tumor to HHT was comparable with that of CML cell lines. Low expression of the antiapoptotic gene BCL2L1, which encodes Bcl-XL, was the strongest predictor of HHT sensitivity, and HHT treatment consistently depleted Mcl-1, the synthetic-lethal antiapoptotic partner of Bcl-XL. Rhabdoid tumor cell lines and primary-tumor samples expressed low BCL2L1, and overexpression of BCL2L1 induced resistance to HHT in rhabdoid tumor cells. Furthermore, HHT treatment inhibited rhabdoid tumor cell line and patient-derived xenograft growth in vivo. Conclusions: Rhabdoid tumor cell lines and xenografts are highly sensitive to HHT, at least partially due to their low expression of BCL2L1. HHT may have therapeutic potential against rhabdoid tumors.
New-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Normal Subjects 100% Separated Statistically by P300 and ICA

Previously, we described how patients with new-onset Alzheimer’s disease were differentiated from healthy, normal subjects to 100% accuracy, based on the amplitudes of the nonrhythmic back-projected independent components of the P300 peak at the electroencephalogram electrodes and their latency in the response to an oddball, auditory evoked potential paradigm. A neural network and a voting strategy were used for classification. Here, we consider instead the statistical distribution functions of their latencies and amplitudes and suggest that the 2-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test based upon their latency distribution functions offers an alternative biomarker for AD, with their amplitude distribution at the frontal electrode fp2 as possibly another. The technique is general, relatively simple, and noninvasive and might be applied for presymptomatic detection, although further validation with more subjects, preferably in multicenter studies, is recommended. It may also be applicable to study the other P300 peaks and their associated interpretations.
Evaluation of spinal posture during gait with inertial measurement units

The increasing number of postural disorders emphasizes the central role of the vertebral spine during gait. Indeed, clinicians need an accurate and non-invasive method to evaluate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program on spinal kinematics. Accordingly, the aim of this work was the use of inertial sensors for the assessment of angles among vertebral segments during gait. The spine was partitioned into five segments and correspondingly five inertial measurement units were positioned. Articulations between two adjacent spine segments were modeled with spherical joints, and the tilt–twist method was adopted to evaluate flexion–extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. In total, 18 young healthy subjects (9 males and 9 females) walked barefoot in three different conditions. The spinal posture during gait was efficiently evaluated considering the patterns of planar angles of each spine segment. Some statistically significant differences highlighted the influence of gender, speed and imposed cadence. The proposed methodology proved the usability of inertial sensors for the assessment of spinal posture and it is expected to efficiently point out trunk compensatory pattern during gait in a clinical context.
PREVALENCE AND CHEMOTHERAPY OF COCCIDIOSIS IN DOGS IN AND AROUND LAHORE- PAKISTAN

The present study was undertaken to ascertain the prevalence and chemotherapy of coccidiosis in dogs. For this purpose a total of 300 fecal samples were collected from different dogs in and around district Lahore. All the study animals were divided into three age groups. Collected samples were processed and exami ned with the help of light microscope for the presence of protozoan oocytes. In present study, overall16.33% prevalence of coccidiosis was recorded. The chi-square analysis revealed significantly (p<0.001) higher prevalence of coccidiosis in young dogs. Th e prevalence of coccidiosis in different age groups such as <6 months, up to 6 -12 months and 1-2 year age was 75.51, 6.08 and 3.67% respectively. The frequency analysis (OR=1.41(reciprocal =0.71)) showed non-significant difference in both male and female dogs. However it was non-significantly higher in male (18.67%) as compared to female (14%). The efficacy of sulfadimethoxine and Furazolidone was 98.29 and 96.64% respectively, after 14 th dayof treatment, showing the useful effects of both drugs in dogs.
Comparison of PCR-based molecular markers for identification of Mi gene

Abstract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important horticultural plant in intensive agriculture. Many pests and pathogens affect tomato worldwide. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are considered to be one of the most important pathogen groups. Development of resistant tomato varieties to nematode provides an economically and environmentally approach for the management of nematodes. The Mi-1 gene confers resistance to RKNs in tomato. Since resistance testing to RKN is time consuming, laborious, and costly, molecular markers linked to the resistance gene have been developed for breeding purposes. Mi-1 gene is located on short arm of chromosome 6 and very tightly linked to Ty-1 gene. The genomic region containing Mi-1 and Ty-1 is genetically very short. Therefore, there is problem introgressions of plants bearing both Mi-1 and Ty-1. Therefore, some markers such as Rex used for screening of Mi-1 gene can give false-positive results in plants with some of the begomovirus-resistant germplasm derived from Ih902, which has begomovirus-resistance genes introgressed from Solanum habrochaites. Although molecular markers tightly linked to Mi-1 gene have been developed, they have not been applied to a wide range of plants carrying Ty-1 gene or not carrying Ty-1, and compared with each other. In the present study, these markers have been employed in tomato lines and hybrids carrying Ty-1 gene or not carrying Ty-1, and evaluated with each other. A total of 116 tomato plants were tested by markers JB-1, Rex, PMi12, and Mi23. The JB-1 yielded accurate results in all the genotypes tested. Markers Rex, PMi12, and Mi23 gave consistent results in plants that do not have Ty-1 gene. PMi12 and Mi23 also produced logical findings for plants carrying Ty-1. However, marker Rex-1 produced false-positive results in other samples bearing Ty-1 gene, except four plants. Our findings showed that both PMi12 and Mi23 markers can be suggested for screening of RKN resistance in tomato-breeding programs.
Flower Export Barriers: A Comparative Study in Colombia, Mexico and Ecuador

ABSTRACT Export of goods and services is one of the most common ways of internationalization performed by companies. This activity associates various obstacles, internal factors that depend of the firm’s performance, and external environment factors in which firm is involved. Based on the perspective of flower firms located in Colombia, Mexico and Ecuador, this article prioritizes the barriers they face for positioning themselves in the global market. Governmental factors are the obstacle perceived greater interference in external forces, while in the internal forces are the operational factors, although there are considerable differences in the assigned weights in each country.
Hydrologic and edaphic constraints on Schoenoplectus acutus, Schoenoplectus californicus, and Typha latifolia in tidal marsh restoration

The demand for an improved knowledge base for planning and management of tidal marsh restoration worldwide has become more fully recognized. In the Sacramento‐San Joaquin Bay Delta, California, U.S.A. , concerns have arisen about the degradation of the Delta and key ecosystem services. One restoration method proposed includes intentionally breaching levees that protect agricultural lands to re‐establish a hydrology that encourages tidal marsh development. Our research investigated relevant constraints on vegetation establishment and expansion of key tidal marsh species. We transplanted three macrophyte species (Schoenoplectus acutus, Schoenoplectus californicus, and Typha latifolia) using two transplant types (rhizomes and adults) in locations that varied in hydrologic and edaphic conditions at Liberty Island, a post‐levee breach tidal marsh restoration site. Two years of monitoring revealed that transplanted adults outperformed rhizomes. In addition, S. californicus exhibited greater survival and vegetation expansion. S. californicus vegetation expansion covered a maximum area of approximately 23 m2, which is two orders of magnitude (OOM) greater than the maximum area covered by S. acutus (approximately 0.108 m2) and three OOM greater than T. latifolia (approximately 0.035 m2). Results suggest that hydrologic regime and degree of soil compaction are influential in controlling vegetation establishment and expansion. Greater vegetation expansion occurred in transplant sites characterized by a deeper surface layer of non‐compacted soil in conjunction with shorter durations of flooding. Information derived from this study is valuable to restoration planning in the Delta and other tidal marshes worldwide where these species occur, especially in terms of setting restoration goals and trajectories based on site‐specific environmental characteristics.
Use of Microsatellites to Determine Population Structure and Migration of Pacific Herring in British Columbia and Adjacent Regions

Abstract This study assessed genetic population structure of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii in British Columbia and adjacent regions by analyzing microsatellite variation; the utility of microsatellites for stock identification applications was also evaluated. Variation at 14 loci was surveyed in approximately 26,000 Pacific herring from 90 sampling locations. Estimates of the genetic differentiation index F ST by locus varied between 0.000 and 0.014, and the mean across all loci was 0.003. Four stocks of Pacific herring were defined in British Columbia, and stocks were also identified in southeast Alaska, Washington, and California. In British Columbia, differences in timing of spawning are the main isolating mechanisms among stocks, although geographic isolation of the spawning populations may also have some effect in maintaining the genetic distinctiveness of each stock. The limited genetic differentiation among Pacific herring populations in British Columbia is consistent with among-population strayi.
Carbohydrate Intake in Early Childhood and Body Composition and Metabolic Health: Results from the Generation R Study

High sugar intake in childhood has been linked to obesity. However, the role of macronutrient substitutions and associations with metabolic health remain unclear. We examined associations of carbohydrate intake and its subtypes with body composition and metabolic health among 3573 children participating in a population-based cohort in the Netherlands. Intake of total carbohydrate, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and polysaccharides at age 1 year was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire. We repeatedly measured children’s height and weight to calculate BMI between their ages of 1 and 10 years. At ages 6 and 10 years, fat and fat-free mass were measured with dual-energy X-ray-absorptiometry and blood concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and insulin were obtained. For all outcomes, we calculated age and sexspecific SD-scores. In multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models, we found no associations of intake of carbohydrates or its subtypes with children’s BMI or body composition. A higher intake of monosaccharides and disaccharides was associated with higher triglyceride concentrations (0.02 SDS per 10 g/day, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.04). Higher monosaccharide and disaccharide intake was also associated with lower HDL-cholesterol (−0.03 SDS, 95% CI: −0.04; −0.01), especially when it replaced polysaccharides. Overall, our findings suggest associations of higher monosaccharide and disaccharide intake in early childhood with higher triglyceride and lower HDL-cholesterol concentrations, but do not support associations with body composition.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Antegrade Varicocele Embolization with Cyanoacrylate Glue as an Alternative to the Standard Retrograde Approach

We report a case of a 29-year-old male referred to our hospital for endovascular treatment of a left-sided painful varicocele. Standard retrograde embolization via the left renal vein was not possible because of the presence of a left circum-aortic renal vein making the catheterization of the testicular vein not feasible. The patient was successfully treated via ultrasound-guided percutaneous antegrade access of the testicular vein at the inguinal level with subsequent cyanoacrylate glue embolization as a minimally invasive alternative to surgical therapy. This is a new approach to varicocele embolization when the left renal vein does not feed the varicocele.
Role of loud calls in brown howlers, Alouatta fusca

The loud calls of brown howler monkeys were studied during a year at the Santa Genebra Reserve, in southeastern Brazil. The study group emitted roars and barks on a total of 47 occasions, the majority of which (92%) were restricted to intergroup visual encounters. Loud calls were also elicited by the roars of distant groups (6%) and during intragroup agonistic interactions (2%). Intergroup visual encounters (n = 42) occurred predominantly in seldom used quadrats of the study group home range. In these instances, the loud calls were produced chiefly by the adult male alone (69% of cases), while the study group's two adult females joined the male in the remaining cases. Intergroup physical aggression, such as chase and displacement, was observed during 15 encounters (35% of cases). A dawn chorus does not occur in Santa Genebra—the loud calls were heard most frequently in mid‐morning and again during mid‐afternoon—and they were more abundant during the dry season, when the availability of food (new leaves) in the forest was lower. The data presented here provide some support for the hypothesis that roars of howler adult males are used in assessment of opponents, providing an alternative to energetically expensive chases and fights. However, given the relatively high rate of physical aggression observed during intergroup encounters, a result probably related to the high density of howlers and the consequent high frequency of intergroup encounters observed in this forest (0.7/day), ritualized aggression, in the form of loud calling, is apparently often insufficient to settle disputes. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring the Influencing Factors of Health Literacy among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background and Objectives: To investigate the health literacy (HL) among older adults in Taiwan, we referenced an existing integrated model of HL to confirm the influencing factors of HL in older adults. We propose this study to examine the personal, situational, and socioenvironmental factors influencing HL among older adults. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a district hospital and affiliated community center in northern Taiwan from August 2016 to May 2017. This study used the Mandarin Chinese version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (EU-Q47). We designed three models based on the three domains of HL. Model 1 assesses personal factors. Model 2 incorporates situational factors. Model 3 adds the socioenvironmental factor. Results: We recruited 161 participants aged over 65 years. Most adults in this study had limited overall HL. The final regression model revealed that age >85 years, unknown insurance status, and dominant spoken dialect of Hakka or Taiwanese were significantly associated with higher scores of HL. Conclusions: Our study results may help clinicians with early identification of older adults at high risk for poor HL and help health administrators establish geriatric policies and health education plans.
Anti-Bacterial Effects of Essential Oils against Uropathogenic Bacteria

Given the increasing antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections (UTI), alternative strategies need to be investigated. Determination of minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of essential oils from cajeput, lemongrass, tea tree, and thyme in artificial urine, revealed bactericidal activity of all four tested essential oils against seven uropathogenic species with values ranging between 0.78–50 mg/mL. Tea tree and thyme essential oils were more efficient than lemongrass and cajeput. In addition, antibiotic-resistant strains showed similar susceptibility as antibiotic-sensitive strains, suggesting no cross-resistance between antibiotics and these essential oils. Checkerboard assays revealed a synergistic activity of the combination of thyme and tea tree. Furthermore, the combination with thyme and tea tree essential oils increased the activity of fosfomycin and pivmecillinam, but not nitrofurantoin, against Escherichia coli. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the potential of thyme and tea tree oil as an alternative or additional treatment of UTI.
DNA DAMAGE PROTECTIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF MADHUCA INDICA AGAINST ELECTRON BEAM RADIATION

Ionizing radiation is an important genotoxic agent causes deleterious effect to living system by generating free radicals produced via radical oxygen species (ROS). Protecting against free radicals especially by a natural plant source has several potential applications. In the present study, we have examined the ability of Madhuca indica (M. indica) ethanol stem bark extract, to inhibit radiation-induced DNA damage and inflammatory mediators. Our study showed that there was protection of pBR322 DNA (in vitro) upon exposure to 4 Gy electron beam (EB) radiation at different dose rate. Whole body exposure of mouse to EB radiation cause strand breaks in the cellular DNA, as observed using the comet assay and also there was substantial increase in the levels of inflammatory mediators. When animals exposed to radiation there was an increase in the percentage of DNA in tail (%T), tail length (TL) and olive tail moment (OTM). The presence of 400 mg/kg body weight of M. indica extract prior to irradiation significantly reduced comet parameters. Simultaneously the levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and sialic acid concentration were reduced significantly when compared to irradiate, contributing to the overall radioprotective and antiinflammatory activity of M. indica extract. W
Patterns of allocation and growth in aquatic Sphagnum species

The hypothesis that aquatic plants have greater allocation to photosynthetic tissues was tested using a common garden experiment with three pairs of ecologically contrasting Sphagnum species (S. portoricense and S. papillosum; S. trinitense and S. recurvum; S. macrophyllum var. floridanum and S. strictum). When submerged, aquatic taxa (the former in each pair) all had greater relative growth rates and greater allocation to photosynthetic tissues, as evidenced by higher whole plant chlorophyll content. The evolution of greater photosynthetic allocation appears to result from changes in two independently evolving systems: allocation to photosynthetic cells rather than nonphotosynthetic hyaline cells, and a shift in biochemical partitioning within photosynthetic cells favoring light-reaction proteins. The former was assessed by comparing photosynthetic cell volume in leaves, and the latter was estimated from chlorophyll to nitrogen ratios. The mechanism whereby greater photosynthetic allocation was achieved .
LC/MS Analysis of Saponin Fraction from the Leaves of Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson and Its Biological Properties in Different In Vitro Models

This study focuses on saponin fraction from sea buckthorn (Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson) leaves. It has known that for example teas from sea buckthorn leaves have anti-obesity properties. The objective of our present experiments was to investigate both the chemical composition of saponin fraction, as well as their biological properties in different in vitro models (using human plasma, blood platelets, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)). We observed that saponin fraction reduces plasma lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation induced by H2O2/Fe. This fraction also decreased DNA oxidative damage induced by H2O2 in PBMCs. Regarding the cytotoxicity of saponin fraction (0.5–50 µg/mL) none was found to cause lysis of blood platelets, and PBMCs. Our results, for the first time indicate that saponin fraction from sea buckthorn leaves may be a new promising source of compounds for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Distinct Local and Systemic Molecular Signatures in the Esophageal and Gastric Cancers: Possible Therapy Targets and Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer

Gastric (GC) and esophageal (EC) cancers are highly lethal. Better understanding of molecular abnormalities is needed for new therapeutic targets and biomarkers to be found. Expression of 18 cancer-related genes in 31 paired normal-tumor samples was quantified by reversely-transcribed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) and systemic concentration of 27 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors in 195 individuals was determined using Luminex xMAP technology. Only Ki67, CLDN2, and BCLxL were altered in GC while Ki67, CDKN1A, ODC1, SLC2A1, HIF1A, VEGFA, NOS2, CCL2, PTGS2, IL10, IL10Ra, and ACTA2 were changed in EC. The relatively unaltered molecular GC landscape resulted from high expression of BCLxL, CDKN1A, BCL2, Ki67, HIF1A, VEGFA, ACTA2, TJP1, CLDN2, IL7Ra, ODC1, PTGS2, and CCL2 in non-cancerous tissue. The NOS2 expression and IL-4, IL-9, FGF2, and RANTES secretion were higher in cardiac than non-cardiac GC. Four-cytokine panels (interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-1ra/IL-6/RANTES or IL-1β/IL-6/IL-4/IL-13) differentiated GC from benign conditions with 87–89% accuracy. Our results showed increased proliferative, survival, inflammatory and angiogenic capacity in gastric tumor-surrounding tissue, what might contribute to GC aggressiveness and facilitate cancer recurrence. Further studies are needed to determine the CLDN2 and NOS2 suitability as candidate molecular targets in GC and cardiac GC, respectively, and discern the role of CLDN2 or to verify IL-1β/IL-1ra/IL-6/RANTES or IL-1β/IL-6/IL-4/IL-13 usefulness as differential biomarkers.