Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
University teachers' approaches to teaching and their pedagogical use of ICT : A comparative case study of Finland, Japan and India

The purpose of this study was to explore what salient characteristics can be found in some university teachers’ approaches to teaching in Finland, Japan and India, and in what ways university teachers in Finland, India and Japan use ICTs (information and communication technologies) in their own teaching. Furthermore, this study aimed to investigate what ICT applications these same teachers use in their teaching. The data were collected via an electronic survey and interviews. The participants (N=21) were university teachers from Finland (N=8), Japan (N=10) and India (N=3). Their approaches to teaching were explored by applying the ATI (approaches to teaching inventory) and its modified version focusing on the use of ICTs in teaching. The study reported in this paper was a pilot study, thus the results are based on the limited number of respondents. The ATI and ATI_ICT subscales and ICT inventory applied in this study have been confirmed to be valid. The university teachers in Japan and Finland differed in their approaches to teaching: The Finnish teachers scored higher on the CCSF (conceptual change orientated, student-focused) approach to teaching than the Japanese teachers, while the Japanese teachers scored higher on the ITTF (information transmitting, teacher-focused) approach to teaching. Two Indian teachers were classified as having a teacher-focused approach to teaching, while the third was classified as having a student-focused approach to teaching. The teachers’ differences in their use of ICTs related more to their disciplinary status than to their cultural background.
The New Zealand Police Early Intervention System: A review of implementation and impact issues

This paper examines the implementation process and impacts of an Early Intervention System (EIS) introduced into the New Zealand Police in 2013. The system was associated with large reductions in complaints of 72.5% against target employees (N = 526), but without this clearly translating into reductions in the overall number of complaints. The New Zealand case also highlighted the issue of the different potential uses of early intervention. Should the priority be officer welfare or the more usual aim of improving officer conduct, police–citizen relations and public confidence in police? The authors argue that the traditional focus on reducing adverse incidents between police and citizens, with public complaints as a major guide and measure, should have at least equal weight in an EIS that is part of a comprehensive state-of-the-art police integrity management system. The paper also highlights the need for detailed publicly accessible data to ensure accountability of investments in integrity strategies.
JavaScript Template Attacks: Automatically Inferring Host Information for Targeted Exploits

Today, more and more web browsers and extensions provide anonymity features to hide user details. Primarily used to evade tracking by websites and advertisements, these features are also used by criminals to prevent identification. Thus, not only tracking companies but also law-enforcement agencies have an interest in finding flaws which break these anonymity features. For instance, for targeted exploitation using zero days, it is essential to have as much information about the target as possible. A failed exploitation attempt, e.g., due to a wrongly guessed operating system, can burn the zero-day, effectively costing the attacker money. Also for side-channel attacks, it is of the utmost importance to know certain aspects of the victim’s hardware configuration, e.g., the instruction-set architecture. Moreover, knowledge about specific environmental properties, such as the operating system, allows crafting more plausible dialogues for phishing attacks. In this paper, we present a fully automated approach to find subtle differences in browser engines caused by the environment. Furthermore, we present two new side-channel attacks on browser engines to detect the instruction-set architecture and the used memory allocator. Using these differences, we can deduce information about the system, both about the software as well as the hardware. As a result, we cannot only ease the creation of fingerprints, but we gain the advantage of having a more precise picture for targeted exploitation. Our approach allows automating the cumbersome manual search for such differences. We collect all data available to the JavaScript engine and build templates from these properties. If a property of such a template stays the same on one system but differs on a different system, we found an environment-dependent property. We found environment-dependent properties in Firefox, Chrome, Edge, and mobile Tor, allowing us to reveal the underlying operating system, CPU architecture, used privacy-enhancing plugins, as well as exact browser version. We stress that our method should be used in the development of browsers and privacy extensions to automatically find flaws in the implementation.
Continuously monitoring alternative shortest paths on road networks

Modern navigation systems do not only provide shortest paths but also some alternative paths to provide more options to the users. This paper is the first to study the problem of continuously reporting alternative paths for a user traveling along a given path. Specifically, given a path P on which a user is traveling, we continuously report to the user k paths from the user's current location on P to the target t. We present several algorithms each improving on the previous based on non-trivial observations and novel optimisations. The proposed algorithms maintain and exploit the previously computed useful information to efficiently update the k alternative paths as the user moves. We provide space and time complexity analysis for each proposed algorithm. We conduct a comprehensive experimental study on large real-world road networks. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are up to several orders of magnitude faster than the straightforward algorithms.
Measuring Social Mobility As Unpredictability

By associating mobility with the unpredictability of social states, new measures of social mobility may be constructed. We propose a family of three state-by-state and aggregate (scalar) predictability measures. The first set of measures is based on the transition matrix. The second uses a sampling approach and permits statistical testing of the hypothesis of perfect mobility, providing a new justification for the use of the chi-squared statistic. The third satisfies the demanding criterion of "period consistency. " An empirical example demonstrates the usefulness of the new measures to complement existing ones in the literature. Copyright 2001 by The London School of Economics and Political Science
Treating ischaemic stroke with intravenous tPA beyond 4.5 hours under the guidance of a MRI DWI/T2WI mismatch was safe and effective

Purpose Clinical trials have provided evidence that treating patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) beyond 4.5 hours was feasible. Among them using MRI diffusion-weighted imaging/fluid attenuation inversion response (DWI/FLAIR) mismatch to guide intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was successful. Our study explored the outcome and safety of using DWI/T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) mismatch to guide intravenous tPA therapy for patients with AIS between 4.5 hours and 12 hours of onset. Method This was a retrospective study. Records of 1462 AIS patients with the time of onset of <12 hours were reviewed. Those had MRI rapid sequence study and had hyperintense signal on DWI but normal T2WI and received intravenous tPA up to 12 hours of onset were included in the analysis. Their demographics, risk factors, post-tPA complications, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and outcome were recorded and analyse. χ2 was used to compare the intergroup variables. SAS was used to perform statistical calculation. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of 1462 identified, 601 (41%) patients were entered into the final analysis. Among them, 327 (54%) had intravenous tPA within 4.5 hours of onset and 274 (46%) were treated between 4.5–12 hours. After intravenous tPA, 426 cases (71%) had >4 pints of improvement on NIHSS score within 24 hours. Postintravenous tPA, 32 (5.32%) cases had haemorrhagic transformation. 26 (4.33%) were asymptomatic ICH and 4 (0.67%) died. At 90 days, 523 (87%) achieved a modified Rankin scale of 0–2. Conclusion Using MRI DWI/T2WI mismatch to identify patients with AIS for intravenous tPA between 4.5 hours and 12 hours was safe and effective. The outcome was similar to those used DWI/PWI or DWI/FLAIR mismatch as the screening tool. However, obtaining DWI/T2WI was faster and avoided the need of contrast material.
Predicting Human Mobility via Variational Attention

An important task in Location based Social Network applications is to predict mobility - specifically, user's next point-of-interest (POI) - challenging due to the implicit feedback of footprints, sparsity of generated check-ins, and the joint impact of historical periodicity and recent check-ins. Motivated by recent success of deep variational inference, we propose VANext (Variational Attention based Next) POI prediction: a latent variable model for inferring user's next footprint, with historical mobility attention. The variational encoding captures latent features of recent mobility, followed by searching the similar historical trajectories for periodical patterns. A trajectory convolutional network is then used to learn historical mobility, significantly improving the efficiency over often used recurrent networks. A novel variational attention mechanism is proposed to exploit the periodicity of historical mobility patterns, combined with recent check-in preference to predict next POIs. We also implement a semi-supervised variant - VANext-S, which relies on variational encoding for pre-training all current trajectories in an unsupervised manner, and uses the latent variables to initialize the current trajectory learning. Experiments conducted on real-world datasets demonstrate that VANext and VANext-S outperform the state-of-the-art human mobility prediction models.
Flipped Classroom Approach Used in the Training of Mass Casualty Triage for Medical Undergraduate Students

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the application of the flipped classroom approach in the training of Mass Casualty Triage (MCT) to medical undergraduate students. Methods: In this study, 103 fourth-year medical students were randomly divided into a Flipped Classroom (FC) group (n = 51) and a Traditional Lecture-based Classroom (TLC) group (n = 52). A post-class quiz, simulated field triage (SFT) and feedback questionnaires were performed to assess both groups of students for their learning of the course. Results: In the post-quiz, the median (IQR) scores achieved by students from the FC and TLC groups were 42(5) and 39(5.5), respectively. Significant differences were found between the two groups. In the SFT, overall triage accuracy was 67.06% for FC, and 64.23% for TLC students. Over-triage and under-triage errors occurred in 18.43% and 14.50% of the FC group, respectively. The TLC group had a similar pattern of 20.77% over-triage and 15.0% under-triage errors. No significant differences were found regarding overall triage accuracy or triage errors between the two groups. Conclusions: The FC approach could enhance course grades reflected in the post-quiz and improve students’ satisfaction with the class. However, there was no significant difference of competency between the two groups demonstrated in the SFT exercise.
Fast Frequency Sweep Technique Based on Segmentation for the Acceleration of the Electromagnetic Analysis of Microwave Devices

The characterization of communication devices in a certain frequency band can be accelerated if a fast frequency sweep technique is used instead of a discrete frequency sweep. Existing fast frequency sweep techniques are either complex or specific for a certain electromagnetic solver. In this work, a new fast frequency sweep method is proposed that consists in segmenting the device under analysis into simple building blocks. Each building block is characterized with a generalized (multimode) circuital matrix whose elements present a simple and flat frequency response that is interpolated using natural cubic splines with very few points. In this way, the response of each block along the whole frequency band is obtained efficiently and accurately with as many frequency points as desired. Then, the circuital matrices of all the blocks are cascaded and the circuital matrix of the whole device in obtained. The new fast frequency sweep was successfully applied to the analysis of different types of devices (all metallic rectangular waveguide filter, dielectric loaded rectangular waveguide filter, and substrate integrated waveguide filter). The computational times were reduced to 15% or 19%, depending on the device, when compared with a discrete frequency sweep using the same electromagnetic solver.
Relationship between stroke severity, extensity of leukoaraiosis, and brain atrophy in patients with ischaemic stroke

Purpose Leukoaraiosis (LA), according to the latest classification, is white matter hyperintensity – morphological findings of small blood vessel disease of the brain. This radiological detection of small vessels disease is important because there are no technical possibilities to assess small vessels of the brain using computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) angiography. Our aim was to analysis the relationship between the extension of leukoaraiosis and severity of ischaemic stroke and brain atrophy. Material and methods We retrospectively analysed 77 head CT scans of patients admitted from the emergency room (ER) to the Radiology Department due to suspected stroke. We assessed the severity of leukoaraiosis using the van Swieten scale and brain atrophy by numerous linear measurements. Results Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate differences between LA1 and LA2 groups with regard to stroke severity in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (p = 0.2159). There were no differences with regard to clinical severity of stroke between the study groups divided depending on the extent of brain atrophy. There were statistically significant differences with regard to the anterior horn width of the right and left lateral ventricle, posterior horn width of the right and left lateral ventricle, distance between occipital horn of the left lateral ventricle and internal surface of the cranium and third ventricle width depending on the severity of leukoaraiosis. Conclusions The results of our studies present an association between the degree leukoaraiosis extension and brain atrophy, but no association between central nervous system tissue atrophy of extent of leukoaraiosis and ischaemic stroke severity.
Protective effect of rhamnopyranosyl vanilloyl isolated from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl (Scrophulariaceae) root against acute liver injury in mice

Purpose : To investigate the protective effect of rhamnopyranosyl vanilloyl (RV) from Scrophularia ningpoensis root against tetrachloromethane (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice. Methods : RV was isolated from S. ningpoensis by column chromatography. ALI model of mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Liver index, liver function indices, as well as serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were evaluated. Lipid peroxidation (LPO)-related indices, including malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3) in liver tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Results : After treatment with RV (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg), liver index (5.65 - 5.21 vs. 6.68 %), ALT (90.18 - 79.68 vs. 112.47 U/L), AST (64.44 - 57.63 vs. 75.41 U/L) and TBIL (2.68 - 1.95 vs. 3.21 U/L) activities, as well as MDA (3.58 - 2.88 vs. 4.13 μmol/g), Bax and caspase-3 levels significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) decreased, compared with those in control group. After treatment with RV (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg), GSH (16.58 - 22.14 vs. 12.34 μmol/g), Bcl-2, SOD (86.45 - 107.61 vs. 68.43 U/mg) and GSH-Px (295.64 - 329.47 vs. 268.49 U/mg) levels or activities significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) increased, compared with those in control group. Conclusion : RV has protective effect against CCl4-induced ALI in mice, and the mechanisms involve the inhibition of LPO and apoptosis in liver cells. Thus, RV is a potential drug for the treatment of liver injury Keywords : Rhamnopyranosyl vanilloyl, Scrophularia ningpoensis, Liver injury, Protective effect, Lipid peroxidation, Apoptosis
Title ChIP-Array 2 : integrating multiple omics data to construct generegulatory networks

Transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in gene regulation. The interconnections among TFs, chromatin interactions, epigenetic marks and cisregulatory elements form a complex gene transcription apparatus. Our previous work, ChIP-Array, combined TF binding and transcriptome data to construct gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Here we present an enhanced version, ChIP-Array 2, to integrate additional types of omics data including long-range chromatin interaction, open chromatin region and histone modification data to dissect more comprehensive GRNs involving diverse regulatory components. Moreover, we substantially extended our motif database for human, mouse, rat, fruit fly, worm, yeast and Arabidopsis, and curated large amount of omics data for users to select as input or backend support. With ChIP-Array 2, we compiled a library containing regulatory networks of 18 TFs/chromatin modifiers in mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC). The web server and the mESC library are publicly free and accessible at http://jjwanglab.org/chip-array.
Effect of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Photoaging Balb/C Mouse Model

Cell therapy using stem cells restores organs or tissue damaged by trauma, include of photoaging. Adiposed-derived stem cell (ADSC) have relative advantages in accessibility (less invasif), abundance stem cell compared to other kinds of stem cell and easier to get adipose in large quantities than bone marrow. In this Study, we investigated whether subcutaneous injection of ADSC significantly increase collagen synthesis, epidermis and dermis thickness, colagen density, and microvascular density in Photoaging Balb/C mice. We use 27 mice, divided by 3 group. The first group (A) were given UVB light irradiation and stem cell. The B group were given UVB light irradiation and placebo (NaCl 0.9%). The C group as the control group was untreated (no UVB light irradiation and no stem cells). The results showed that 1x104 ADSC subcutaneuous injection significantly increase collagen synthesis in Balb/C mice and collagen density in photoaging. In conclusions revealed that Adiposed-derived Mesenchymal stem cells stimulate colagen density, and improved photoaging.
Education on healthy eating improved nutrition-related practices in polish preschools

selected practices analyzed. methods. practices: salt and sugar in the children’s meals were reduced, water availability was increased, and menus were adapted to current nutritional recommendations. The high evaluation of the program increased the reported interest in participating in similar programs in the future, however, it did not translate into a greater willingness to include paid “healthy eating” workshops in the institutions. Conclusions. Nutrition education improved the quality of nutrition in preschools, but in order to reach a wide range of institutions, it is necessary to focus on the implementation of free-of-charge educational programs.
Kinship and debt; The social organization of Bugis migration and fish marketing at Lake Lindu, Central Sulawesi

Fisheries development was thus one of the major concerns of Dutch admin istrators in colonial South Sulawesi. It has remained one of the priorities of development administrators in Sulawesi under the auspices of the Republic of Indonesia. Cultivable fishes were introduced into the various lakes of Sulawesi under both the colonial regime and the independent Indonesian government (Whitten et al. 1987:325). One of these lakes is Lake Lindu, locat ed in the highlands of Kulawi to the southeast of Palu, the capital city of the province of Central Sulawesi (Sulawesi Tengah). From the report of the visit of the very first Westerners, the Dutch Reformed missionaries N. Adriani and A.C. Kruyt (Adriani 1898; Adriani and Kruyt 1898; Kruyt 1938, n.d.), Lake Lindu has been famed for the abund ance of its fish. The entry 'Lindoe-meer' in the second edition of the Encyclo paedic van Nederlandsch-Indi? (Encyclopaedic 1917-39,11:583-4) noted that 'Lake Lindu is very rich in fish'. Indeed, when Adriani and Kruyt first viewed the lake on 7 October 1897 from the village of Langko near the southwestern shore, they saw all around the lake's southwestern shore fishtraps that had
Task-dependence of articulator synergiesa )

In speech production, the motor system organizes articulators such as the jaw, tongue, and lips into synergies whose function is to produce speech sounds by forming constrictions at the phonetic places of articulation. The present study tests whether synergies for different constriction tasks differ in terms of inter-articulator coordination. The test is conducted on utterances [ApA], [AtA], [AiA], and [AkA] with a real-time magnetic resonance imaging biomarker that is computed using a statistical model of the forward kinematics of the vocal tract. The present study is the first to estimate the forward kinematics of the vocal tract from speech production data. Using the imaging biomarker, the study finds that the jaw contributes least to the velar stop for [k], more to pharyngeal approximation for [A], still more to palatal approximation for [i], and most to the coronal stop for [t]. Additionally, the jaw contributes more to the coronal stop for [t] than to the bilabial stop for [p]. Finally, the study investigates how this pattern of results varies by participant. The study identifies differences in inter-articulator coordination by constriction task, which support the claim that interarticulator coordination differs depending on the active articulator synergy. VC 2019 Acoustical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5093538
Combining Random Forests and a Signal Detection Method Leads to the Robust Detection of Genotype-Phenotype Associations

Genome wide association studies (GWAS) are a well established methodology to identify genomic variants and genes that are responsible for traits of interest in all branches of the life sciences. Despite the long time this methodology has had to mature the reliable detection of genotype–phenotype associations is still a challenge for many quantitative traits mainly because of the large number of genomic loci with weak individual effects on the trait under investigation. Thus, it can be hypothesized that many genomic variants that have a small, however real, effect remain unnoticed in many GWAS approaches. Here, we propose a two-step procedure to address this problem. In a first step, cubic splines are fitted to the test statistic values and genomic regions with spline-peaks that are higher than expected by chance are considered as quantitative trait loci (QTL). Then the SNPs in these QTLs are prioritized with respect to the strength of their association with the phenotype using a Random Forests approach. As a case study, we apply our procedure to real data sets and find trustworthy numbers of, partially novel, genomic variants and genes involved in various egg quality traits.