Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prestroke physical activity could in ﬂ uence acute stroke severity (part of PAPSIGOT)

Objective To investigate the in ﬂ uence of prestroke physical activity (PA) on acute stroke severity. Methods Data from patients with ﬁ rst stroke were retrieved from registries with a cross-sectional design. The variables were PA, age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and statin treatment, stroke severity, myocardial infarction, new stroke during hospital stay, and duration of inpatient care at stroke unit. PA was assessed with Saltin-Grimby ’ s 4-level Physical Activity Level Scale, and stroke severity was assessed with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Logistic regression was used to predict stroke severity, and negative binomial regression was used to compare the level of PA and stroke severity.
Trend analysis of the load and concentration of physical, chemical and biological parameters in the Verde River Basin

ABSTRACT The estimation of loads of pollutants is of crucial interest to identify the level of water quality, understand the processes and identify the sources of pollution. The aim of this study was to calculate time trends of loads and concentrations of eleven physical, chemical and biological parameters, in nine quality monitoring stations of the Verde River Basin from 2008 to 2014. The time series analysis was performed with different tests. First, with the verification of autocorrelation of the time series using the Spearman correlation test. Then, Kruskal-Wallis test was used to check significant differences between the seasons and, afterwards the Mann-Kendall or the Seasonal Mann-Kendall time trend tests were applied accordingly. The analysis results indicated differences between the spatial distribution of loads and concentrations for most of the parameters evaluated in this study. The results showed that the simultaneous analysis of concentration data and flow data is essential for a more comprehensive and reliable evaluation of water quality, since the changes in river flow over time can mislead the interpretation of the concentration data. Moreover, to analyze only the pollutant load data, without looking how the flow and concentration behaves, does not provide conclusive results, since it does not allow to evaluate whether changes in the load values were caused by alterations of the flow or concentration. Thus, the results indicate the need to monitor water quality along with flow measurement, providing more complete and reliable assessments of the evolution of water quality.
Transition Experiences for Freshmen with Disabilities in a Public Research University in the United States

College students with disabilities continue to experience various challenges in their transition into postsec-ondary education. However, limited research has focused on their initial transition, despite the significance of its impact on college students with disabilities. This qualitative study examined first-semester transition experiences among freshmen with disabilities at a public research university in the Southeastern United States. Responses (i
Edinburgh Research Explorer Visualization of Src activity at different compartments of the plasma membrane by FRET imaging

Summary Membrane compartments function as segregated signaling platforms for different cellular functions. It is not clear how Src is regulated at different membrane compartments. To visualize local Src activity in live cells, a FRET-based Src biosensor was targeted in or outside of lipid rafts at the plasma membrane, via acylation or prenylation modifications on targeting tags either directly fused to the biosensor or coupled to the biosensor through an inducible heterodimerization system. In response to growth factors and pervanadate, the induction of Src activity in rafts was slower and weaker, dependent on actin and possibly its mediated transportation of Src from perinuclear regions to the plasma membrane. In contrast, the induction of Src activity in non-rafts was faster and stronger, dependent on microtubules. Hence, the Src activity is differentially regulated via cytoskeleton at different membrane compartments.
Eﬀicient HTN to STRIPS Encodings for Concurrent Planning

—The Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) formalism is used to express a wide variety of planning problems and many techniques have been proposed to solve them. A particular technique is to encode hierarchical planning problems as classical STRIPS planning problems. One advantage of this technique is to benefit directly from the constant improvements made by STRIPS planners. However, there are still few effective and expressive encodings. In this paper, we present the first HTN to STRIPS encodings allowing to generate concurrent plans. We show experimentally that these encodings not only outperform previous approaches on hierarchical IPC benchmarks but also produce more expressive solution plans.
ANNALES DE L’INSTITUT FOURIER

— We prove that coronizations with respect to arbitrary d -regular sets (not necessarily graphs) imply big pieces squared of these (approximating) sets. This is known (and due to David and Semmes in the case of suﬃciently large co-dimension, and to Azzam and Schul in general) in the (classical) setting of Euclidean spaces with Hausdorﬀ measure of integer dimension, where the approximating sets are Lipschitz graphs. Our result is a far reaching generalization of these results and we prove that coronizations imply big pieces squared is a generic property. In particular, our result applies, when suitably interpreted, in metric spaces having a ﬁxed positive (perhaps non-integer) dimension, equipped with a Borel regular measure and with arbitrary approximating sets. As a novel application we highlight how to utilize this general setting in the context of parabolic uniform rectiﬁability.
EVALUATION OF THE POSITION AND TREATMENT DIFFICULTY OF IMPACTED MAXILLARY CANINE USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Introduction: Impaction of the permanent maxillary canines is a serious dental development disorder that affects about 3% of the general population. Its final position in the occlusion is critical for the completion of the arch form, functional occlusion, dental symmetry, and harmony. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impacted maxillary canine location on 3D images and to determine positional components associated with impaction severity that may affect treatment difficulty. Material and methods: The current study included 40 CBCT scans of 40 unilateral impacted canines where several angular and linear measurements on the reconstructed panoramic, axial, sagittal, and coronal views were measured and then based on the angle between the impacted canine and their proposed post-treatment position, the sample was divided to three impaction severity groups, group 1: Mild (IMPC/VAC <30º), group 2: Moderate (IMPC/VAC 30º-55º), and group 3: Severe (IMPC/VAC >55º). Results: Severity of impacted canines increased when their cusp tips were close to midline distance<4mm ,and the vertical distance to the maxillary occlusal plan was >14mm, when their root apices were far from the dental midline a distance>23mm, and from the skeletal midline a distance>16mm. Severity of the impacted canine was associated with increased angulation IMPC/VAC>45º, IMPC/midline>45º, and IMPC/ PL>120º. Conclusions: Cone beam computed tomography images enable thorough localization of impacted canines and their relationship to neighboring anatomical structures, the use of virtual aligned canine in the recent study is a reliable and applicable method that can be used in future research.
Marine sponge symbiotic bacterial bioremediation against heavy metal pollutants in tiger prawns: Penaeus monodon culture medium

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The quality and production volume of the cultivation of tiger prawn Penaeus monodon have decreased considerably in the last two decades. However, intensification and extensification efforts, including the application of cultivation technology through pond land recovery, have not produced expected results. Visible symptoms suggest potential issues with the cultivation water possibly originating from exposure to heavy metal pollutants. Therefore, this study aimed to remove heavy metal pollutants by using sponge symbiont bacteria bioremediators to increase the survival rate and quality of tiger prawn production. The achievements of this research are expected to contribute to the scientific development of environmental microbiology, bioremediation, and aquaculture pollution control. METHODS: The study utilized Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria. The water used for tiger prawn post-larvae cultivation was treated with these bioremediator bacteria. The water had copper and lead ion concentrations that were 20 times greater than the maximum threshold value. The physical and chemical characteristics and parameters, such as dissolved organic matter, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia contents, of the cultivation water were monitored over a 30-day period. The specific growth rate in terms of weight and body length and the survival rate of the tiger shrimps were measured to evaluate the effect of the bioremediation process on the prawns. The concentrations of copper and lead ions in the cultivation water and within the body of the tiger shrimps were analyzed. The health of the tiger prawns was evaluated by observing signs of tissue damage. FINDINGS: Among all the treatments, Treatment I with copper ion exposure had the highest average specific growth rate of the tiger prawns in terms of weight and body length, followed by Treatment II with lead ion exposure and Treatment III with a combination of both pollutants (the lowest). The intersection of copper and lead ion concentrations in the tiger prawns and cultivation media occurred in the cultivation period of 15–20 days. The use of Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria as bioremediators effectively remediated the copper and lead pollutants at an average of 99.34 percent and 97.18 percent of the initial concentration, respectively. Despite the bioremediation efforts, the tiger shrimps exhibited symptoms of tissue damage in the head, tail, and shell. These symptoms included necrosis, myopathy, and infiltration, which are indicative of decreased cell function due to the presence of toxic agents. CONCLUSION: Bioremediation with Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria helped reduce the accumulation of heavy metal pollutants. However, negative effects on the health and growth of tiger prawns were still
NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND RHIZOBIUM STRAINS EFFICIENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF COWPEA

The objective was to evaluate the effect of inoculation with rhizobia associated with nitrogen fertilization on the growth and productivity of cowpea cultivars. The experiment was carried out using two native isolates and the BR3262 strain (recommended for cowpea) plus nitrogen fertilization (30, 60 and 90 kg N ha -1 ) and a control without fertilization and inoculation, and two cultivars of cowpea (BRS Guariba and Novaera). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications, in a triple factorial scheme (4 x 4 x 2). At flowering, the following parameters were evaluated: Plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry weight, SPAD Index, and number of nodules. At harvest, data on yield components were collected: Number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, mass of 100 grains and yield. Inoculation with rhizobia strains favors the reduction of nitrogen fertilization, resulting in increases in plant growth and yield. The native isolate UESB R5 resulted in the highest final profit and reduced costs with nitrogen fertilization for both cultivars.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior Toward Environment Through Organizational Culture, Organizational Commitment and Mediated Self-efficacy

Purpose – This study aims to determine the direct positive and significant influence of Organizational Culture on OCBE, Organizational Commitment, and Self-efficacy and indirectly between Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment to OCBE mediated by Self-efficacy on employees in a Metal Packaging Company. Methodology/approach – This study uses the SEM PLS analysis method where the data processing uses the SmartPLS 3.0 application. Based on the results of research through questionnaires to 129 employees . Findings – From this study, it was found that there was a positive and significant effect of the direct relationship between Organizational Culture and Self-Efficacy on OCBE, as well as Organizational Commitment to Self-Efficacy. There is a non-positive and insignificant effect of Organizational Commitment to OCBE. As for the indirect relationship, self-efficacy failed to mediate the relationship between organizational culture and OCBE but succeeded in mediating the relationship between Organizational Commitment and OCBE
Importers and the Survival of New Exporters

New exporters tend to exit markets more often. Despite signiﬁcant sunk costs of exporting, the rate of survival in the ﬁrst year of a product in a new market is very low. In this paper, we use detailed export and import trans-actions panel data from Colombia to examine whether changes in the volume imported by exporting ﬁrms increases export survival. We use the lagged importers exchange rate index as an instrument for imports and control for diﬀerent types of synergies and for ﬁrm, product and destination-year ﬁxed eﬀects. The main result shows that imports signiﬁcantly increase the probability of export survival after the ﬁrst year, especially when the number of products imported and the number of countries of origin of imports are higher and when the ﬁrm also imports from the destination country.
Exploring Patient and Staff Experiences of Video Consultations During COVID-19 in an English Outpatient Care Setting: Secondary Data Analysis of Routinely Collected Feedback Data

Background: Video consultations (VCs) were rapidly implemented in response to COVID-19, despite modest progress prior to the pandemic. Objectives: To explore staff and patient experiences of VCs implemented during COVID-19, and use feedback insights to support quality improvement and service development. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted on 955 (22.6%) patient responses and 521 (12.3%) staff responses routinely collected following a VC between June-July 2020 in a rural, aging and outpatient care setting at a single NHS Trust. Patient and staff feedback were summarised using descriptive statistics and inductive thematic analysis and presented to Trust stakeholders. Results : Most (
Safety of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors, Molnupiravir and VV116, for Oral Treatment of COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis

Background: The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors, molnupiravir and VV116, have the potential to maximize clinical benefits in the oral treatment of COVID-19. Subjects who consume these drugs may experience an increased incidence of adverse events. This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile of molnupiravir and VV116. Methods: A comprehensive search of scientific and medical databases, such as PubMed Central/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, was conducted to find relevant articles in English from January 2020 to June 2023. Any kind of adverse events reported in the study were pooled and analyzed in the drug group versus the control group. Estimates of risk effects were summarized through the random effects model using Review Manager version 5.2, and sensitivity analysis was performed by Stata 17.0 software. Results: Fifteen studies involving 32,796 subjects were included. Eleven studies were placebo-controlled, and four were Paxlovid-controlled. Twelve studies reported adverse events for molnupiravir, and three studies described adverse events for VV116. The total odds ratio (OR) for adverse events in the RdRp inhibitor versus the placebo-controlled group was 1.01 (95% CI=0.84-1.22; I 2 =26%), P=0.88. The total OR for adverse events in the RdRp inhibitor versus the Paxlovid-controlled group was 0.32 (95% CI=0.16-0.65; I 2 =87%), P=0.002. Individual drug subgroup analysis in the placebo-controlled study showed that compared with the placebo group, a total OR for adverse events was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.85-1.10; I 2 =0%) in the molnupiravir group and 3.77 (95% CI=0.08-175.77; I 2 =85%) in the VV116 group. Conclusion: The RdRp inhibitors molnupiravir and VV116 are
Original versus Accelerated Ponseti Techniques in Treatment of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus

Background: Clubfoot, a prevalent congenital orthopedic anomaly, demands extensive treatment. Ignacio Ponseti introduced a non-invasive approach for its management. Objective: This study aimed to compare the accelerated and traditional Ponseti therapy methods for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot). Patients and Methods: Sixty infants diagnosed with idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus were enrolled in an RCT. Patients were divided into two groups, each comprising thirty individuals. One group underwent modified accelerated Ponseti therapy with casts applied every three days, while the other followed the traditional Ponseti method with casts applied weekly. The severity of clubfoot was assessed using the Pirani grading system, and the Ponseti procedure was employed for casting. Tendo-Achilles tendonitis and tenotomy (TAT) were monitored, with a six-month follow-up period. Results: The duration of treatment was significantly shorter in the modified accelerated group (Group II) compared to the traditional group (Group I) (P<0.001). Group II exhibited greater improvement at six months and one-year post-tenotomy compared to Group I. Complication and recurrence rates were similar between the groups. The modified accelerated Ponseti method not only reduced treatment duration but also facilitated in-hospital supervision, alleviating parental burden. Early identification of issues is possible with this approach. Conclusions: Besides expediting treatment, the modified method offers the advantage of hospital supervision, reducing parental stress associated with frequent travel for plaster changes. Complication rates and recurrence were comparable between the two methods.
How rapid-eye-movement dreams may facilitate learning and creativity

The importance of sleep for healthy brain function is widely acknowledged. However, it remains mysterious how the sleeping brain, disconnected from the outside world and plunged into the fantastic experiences of dreams, is actively learning. In this perspective article, we review a computational approach inspired by modern artificial intelligence that suggests a role of dreams occurring during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. REM dreams are characterized by an adversarial process between feedforward and feedback pathways generating new virtual experiences from the combination of old memories. Such an adversarial dreaming process is shown to facilitate the emergence of semantic, cortical representations. We further discuss the potential contributions of adversarial dreaming beyond learning, such as maintaining a balance between fantasy and reality, and facilitating the occurrence of creative insights. Finally, we characterize non-REM (NREM) dreams, replaying individual memories, that may serve a complementary role by improving the robustness of cortical representations to environmental perturbations.
Attributing correlation skill of dynamical global precipitation forecasts to statistical ENSO teleconnection using a set theory based approach

Abstract. Climate teleconnections are essential for the verification of valuable precipitation forecasts generated by global climate models (GCMs). This paper develops a novel approach to attributing correlation skill of dynamical GCM forecasts to statistical El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnection by using the coefficient of determination (R2). Specifically, observed precipitation is respectively regressed against GCM forecasts, Niño3. 4 and both of them and then the intersection operation is implemented to quantify the overlapping R2 for GCM forecasts and Niño3. 4. The significance of overlapping R2 and the sign of ENSO teleconnection facilitate three cases of attribution, i.e., significantly positive anomaly correlation attributable to positive ENSO teleconnection, attributable to negative ENSO teleconnection and not attributable to ENSO teleconnection. A case study is devised for the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) seasonal forecasts of global precipitation. For grid cells around the world, the ratio of significantly positive anomaly correlation attributable to positive (negative) ENSO teleconnection is respectively 10.8 % (11.7 %) in December-January-February (DJF), 7.1 % (7.3 %) in March-April-May (MAM), 6.3 % (7.4 %) in June-July-August (JJA) and 7.0 % (14.3 %) in September-October-November (SON). The results not only confirm the prominent contributions of ENSO teleconnection to GCM forecasts, but also present spatial plots of regions where significantly positive anomaly correlation is subject to positive ENSO teleconnection, negative ENSO teleconnection and teleconnections other than ENSO. Overall, the proposed attribution approach can serve as an effective tool to investigate the source of predictability for GCM seasonal forecasts of global precipitation.
Descriptive analysis of injury types and incidence during futsal preseason across different competitive levels

Introduction This study aimed to verify the typology and incidence of injury by comparing the different competitive levels of futsal during the preseason. Methods The sample consisted of 68 senior male futsal players (24.26 ± 4.63 years). Data were collected using an injury recording grid that examined the affected body part, anatomical region, type of injury, mechanism, and severity. Results It was found that the elite group has the lowest incidence rate of injury (4.8 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure) compared to the sub-elite (11.8 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure) and amateur groups (13.9 injuries per 1,000 h of exposure). However, at this level, there is the highest percentage of injury occurrence (38.5%), the lower limb was the most affected part of the body (30.8%), and ligament (23.1%) and muscle (15.4%) injuries are the most prevalent. The most frequent mechanism of injury was non-traumatic (30.8%), and the majority were moderate injuries in the elite (23.1%) and sub-elite (17.9%) groups and severe injuries in the amateur group (12.5%). Discussion The amateur futsal players had the highest incidence of injury during the preseason period compared to the other competitive levels. Still, it was at the elite level where the highest percentage of injuries occurred, most of them non-traumatic and of ligament origin, primarily affecting the ankle region. The results highlight the importance of adopting specific injury prevention programs for ligament and muscle injuries during the preseason phase, regardless of the competitive level.
Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate

A. Busalacchi (WCRP JSC chair) described the planned changes within the WCRP (to be implemented by 2013), which include the strategic evolution of the Core Projects and the establishment of two coordinating councils (one on modelling, the other on climate observations and analysis). Structural changes within the WCRP have been discussed over the last several years (see e.g., Report on the 30th Session of the JSC in SPARC Newsletter No. 33). As part of the overall restructuring, the mandate of SPARC will be expanded to provide a greater emphasis on the couplings and processes of the stratosphere/ troposphere system, which implies that tropospheric processes should be addressed in a more explicit way (see further discussion below). Outstanding challenges for the WCRP include how to organise activities on regional climate prediction, how to structure cross-cutting activities, and how to optimally connect the various WCRP activities to the users’ needs (see Report on the 32nd Session of the JSC in this issue of the SPARC Newsletter).