Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic Computing: DARPA and the Quest for Machine Intelligence, 1983-1993

This is the story of an extraordinary effort by the U.S. Department of Defense to hasten the advent of "machines that think. " From 1983 to 1993, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) spent an extra $1 billion on computer research aimed at achieving artificial intelligence. The Strategic Computing Initiative (SCI) was conceived as an integrated plan to promote computer chip design and manufacture, computer architecture, and artificial intelligence software. What distinguished SCI from other large-scale technology programs was that it self-consciously set out to advance an entire research front. The SCI succeeded in fostering significant technological successes, even though it never achieved machine intelligence. The goal provided a powerful organizing principle for a suite of related research programs, but it did not solve the problem of coordinating these programs. In retrospect, it is hard to see how it could have.In Strategic Computing, Alex Roland and Philip Shiman uncover the roles played in the SCI by technology, individuals, and social and political forces. They explore DARPA culture, especially the information processing culture within the agency, and they evaluate the SCI's accomplishments and set them in the context of overall computer development during this period. Their book is an important contribution to our understanding of the complex sources of contemporary computing.
3-Dimensional Simulation of Vehicle Response to Tire Blow-outs

Sudden tire deflation, or blow-out, is sometimes cited as the cause of a crash. Safety researchers have previously attempted to study the loss of vehicle control resulting from a blow-out with some success using computer simulation. However, the simplified models used in these studies did little to expose the true transient nature of the handling problem created by a blown tire. New developments in vehicle simulation technology have made possible the detailed analysis of transient vehicle behaviour during and after a blow-out. This paper presents the results of an experimental blow-out study with a comparison to computer simulations. In the experiments, a vehicle was driven under steady state conditions and a blow-out was induced at the right rear tire. Various driver steering and braking inputs were attempted, and the vehicle response was recorded. These events were then simulated using Engineering Dynamics Vehicle Simulation Model (EDVSM). A comparison between experimental and simulated results is presented. The research was extended by simulating blow-outs at other wheel locations, and observing how various driver inputs affect the vehicle's response. (A) For the covering abstract of the publication see IRRD E200601.
Human resource management and labour relations in the Indian industrial sector

This paper addresses gaps in research related to study and understanding of Human Resource Management in the context of Indian Automobile sector. The review is based on the available and published literature in peer reviewed journals of reputation and academic standing. A total of 138 papers were reviewed related to the general context of Human Resource Management practices. Of these, about 65 papers were found relevant and relating to understanding of HRM practices in India specifically in the context of the industrial sector. The timeline for literature review has been taken from 1970 - 2010, as it encompasses the period of industrialization in India, growth of HRM and major transition across Indian industrial sector post economic liberalization - 1991.
Proton-Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS), 1

The Proton-Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS) group was formed following an agreement between the Med-AUSTRON (Austria) and the TERA Foundation (Italy) to combine their efforts in the design of a cancer therapy synchrotron. CERN agreed to host this study in its PS Division and a close collaboration was set up with GSI (Germany). The study group was later joined by Onkologie-2000 (Czech Republic). Effort was first focused on the theoretical understanding of slow extraction and the techniques required to produce a smooth beam spill for the conformal treatment of complex-shaped tumours with a sub-millimetre accuracy by active scanning with proton and carbon ion beams. Considerations for passive scanning were also included. The more general and theoretical aspects of the study are recorded in Part I and the more specific technical design considerations are presented in a second volume Part II. The PIMMS team started their work in January 1996 in the PS Division and continued for a period of three years.
Emotional Competence and Leadership Competence: The Role of Demographic Variables (Education and Years of service) as Moderators

The occurrence of changes in the leadership system resulted in leaders among the government experiencing problems in carrying out their duties and responsibilities within the organization. In short, the problems that often arise in the government bureaucracy, namely the recruitment system and promotion of positions in government bureaucratic institutions are not confined by competent human sources. This is because the system applied only involves an element of subjectivity in the assessment. For this reason, leadership competencies must be possessed by a leader. This competence is related to how a leader can manage emotions properly and appropriately (emotional competence), especially in building interactions with his subordinates. This study aims to propose a conceptual framework of predictable leadership competence with emotional competence. Besides, the researcher also wants to intend to see the effect of demographic variables as a moderator of the relationship between emotional competence and leadership competence. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to 300 leaders who work as heads of fields, heads of departments, and heads of offices within the Makassar City Government. The data analysis applied was using inferential analysis in testing the research hypothesis. The results of this study indicate that leadership competence can be predicted by emotional competence by a leader. Besides, the level of education and tenure of a leader has an effect that moderates the effect of emotional competence on leadership competence. Then, the aspects of emotional competence along with education level and years of service also correlated with leadership competence. The findings of this study can provide information for every leader in the government bureaucracy in carrying out their duties to encourage the achievement of organizational goals for success by bringing innovation in the leadership competency model that is built.
KARAKTERISTIK SUMUR GALI DAN KEBERADAAN JENTIK NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI

Penyakit DBD merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Kelurahan Bangetayu Wetan, Kecamatan Genuk, Kota Semarang, merupakan daerah endemis dengan kebutuhan air rumah tangga kebanyakan berasal dari sumur gali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sumur gali yang berpotensi menjadi tempat perkembangbiakan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Explanatory research, yang dilakukan pada tahun 2012. Jumlah sampelnya adalah 33 sumur gali, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara total sampling. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat (uji Fisher). Hasil nilai signifikansi variabel letak (p=0,001), keberadaan penutup permukaan (p=0,0001), penggunaan (p=0,0001), kondisi air (p=0,067), bahan dinding (p=0,030), pH air pada kondisi netral, kedalaman ≤ 15 meter. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah letak, keberadaan penutup permukaan, penggunaan, bahan dinding, berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti di sumur gali. Kondisi air tidak mempengaruhi keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti di sumur gali. DHF was one public health problem in Indonesia. Bangetayu Wetan Village was endemic (IR = 361.73 and CFR = 3.2% ). The problem in this study was whether there were relationship between the characteristics of dug wells (location, presence of surface cover, depth, use, water conditions, wall materials, water pH). Study aimed to determine the characteristics of dug wells that could potentially become a breeding Aedes aegypti mosquito. This type of research was explanatory research. Total sample was 33 dug wells. The sampling technique was done by total sampling. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate (Fisher’s exact test). The results significant value ​​for the variables location (p = 0.001), the presence of surface cover (p = 0.0001), depth (p = 0.016), use (p = 0.0001), water conditions (p = 0.067), material wall (p = 0.030), water at neutral pH. The conclusion of this study were the location, the presence of surface cover, depth, use, wall materials, the presence of plants associated with the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in dug wells. While water condition does not affect the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae in dug wells.
The Engineering and Scientific Challenges of Environmental Justice Organizations in the US: A Qualitative Study

With the goal of exploring the engineering and scientific challenges of environmental justice organizations (EJOs), we present the results of 47 interviews with representatives of US-based EJOs. Methodologically, we use a deductive-inductive approach to identifying salient categories in the interview coding process. We identify a structure of three overarching themes for potential interactions between EJOs and engineers and scientists: (1) organizational goals; (2) engineering and scientific challenges; and (3) experiences with engineers and scientists. Our findings reveal a breadth of EJO goals and myriad engineering and scientific challenges ranging from community development, clean and just energy transactions, climate change adaptation, and water and air quality monitoring. We also find activity-based opportunities for engineers and scientists like data collection, management, and analysis; online platform building; GIS mapping; and causation analyses. We find that engineers and scientists could help bridge the culture gap between them and EJOs and help build a field of collaboration by: a greater mindfulness of local contexts; building relational rapport and trust; moving beyond narrow technical solutions; identifying low-cost accessible solutions; and receiving unconscious bias training. To our knowledge, this study is unique by its provision and assemblage of—in one place—the myriad ways engineers and scientists might work with EJOs to address the challenges of environmental, energy, and climate justice.
Barker review of land use planning - final report - recommendations

This report considers how the planning system in England can deliver better economic growth and prosperity alongside other sustainable development goals. In particular ways of speeding up the process, ways of increasing the flexibility, transparency and predictability that enterprise requires, a better understanding of the relationship between planning and productivity, and of the relationship between economic and other sustainable development goals in the delivery of sustainable communities were sought. In considering options for reform, the importance of public participation and democratic accountability within the system, the principle that economic objectives should not be pursued above other sustainable development goals, the impact of changes made to the planning system in recent years, and the cost of constant change need to be taken into account. The future costs of climate change also need to be considered at the planning stage. Fifteen key recommendations are made, including: future development plan documents should be delivered in 18-24 months; national policy on planning for economic development should be updated; a new system should be introduced for dealing with major infrastructure projects; a positive planning culture; a review of green belt boundaries with a more positive approach to applications that will enhance the quality of green belts; a reduction in form-filling, permission not required for minor commercial developments including commercial microregeneration; a town centre first policy; a reduction in the number of Secretary of State referrals; ensuring sufficient resources for planning; appeals heard within 6 months; and improved skills training. The full text of this document may be found at: http://www.hm-treasury.gov. uk/media/3/A/barker_finalreport051206. pdf
PLA/Graphene/MWCNT Composites with Improved Electrical and Thermal Properties Suitable for FDM 3D Printing Applications

In this study, the structure, electrical and thermal properties of ten polymer compositions based on polylactic acid (PLA), low-cost industrial graphene nanoplates (GNP) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in mono-filler PLA/MWCNT and PLA/GNP systems with 0–6 wt. % filler content were investigated. Filler dispersion was further improved by combining these two carbon nanofillers with different geometric shapes and aspect ratios in hybrid bi-filler nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy exhibited uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in a polymer matrix. The obtained results have shown that for the mono-filler systems with MWCNT or GNP, the electrical conductivity increased with decades. Moreover, a small synergistic effect was observed in the GNP/MWCNT/PLA bi-filler hybrid composites when combining GNP and CNT at a ratio of 3% GNP/3% CNT and 1.5% GNP:4.5% CNT, showing higher electrical conductivity with respect to the systems incorporating individual CNTs and GNPs at the same overall filler concentration. This improvement was attributed to the interaction between CNTs and GNPs limiting GNP aggregation and bridging adjacent graphene platelets thus, forming a more efficient network. Thermal conductivity increases with higher filler content; this effect was more pronounced for the mono-filler composites based on PLA and GNP due to the ability of graphene to better transfer the heat. Morphological analysis carried out by electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) and Raman indicated that the nanocomposites present smaller and more homogeneous filler aggregates. The well-dispersed nanofillers also lead to a microstructure which is able to better enhance the electron and heat transfer and maximize the electrical and thermal properties. The obtained composites are suitable for the production of a multifunctional filament with improved electrical and thermal properties for different fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing applications and also present a low production cost, which could potentially increase the competitiveness of this promising market niche.
Leveraging Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) Data to Estimate Link-Based Heavy-Vehicle Emissions

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES vii 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Problem Statement 5 1.2 Research Objectives 7 1.3 Project Scope 8 1.4 Organization 8 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1 Factors Affecting Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions 9 2.1.1 Vehicle Characteristics 9 2.1.1.1 Vehicle Class and Weight 9 2.1.1.2 Vehicle Age 14 2.1.1.3 Engine Aftertreatment 15 2.1.2 Driving Mode 16 2.1.3 Fuel Type 20 2.1.4 Terrain Traveled 22 2.1. 5 Environmental Factors 24 2.1. 5.1 Altitude 24 2.1. 5.2 Ambient Temperature and Humidity 25 2.2 Emission Models 26 2.3 Summary of Findings 31 2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 34 3.0 METHODOLOGY 38 3.1 Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) Data 38 3.2 Through-Truck Filter 40 3.3 Estimating Link-Based Heavy-Vehicle Emissions 43 3.3.1 Extracting Vehicle Weight and Speed from WIM Database . 43 3.3.2 Effect of Grade on Heavy-Duty Vehicle Speeds 47 3.3.3 Estimating Link-Based NOx Emissions 52 3.3. 4 Estimating Link-Based CO2 Emissions 55
Turbine tip clearance loss mechanisms

Three-dimensional numerical simulations (RANS and URANS) were used to assess the impact of two specific design features, and of aspects of the actual turbine environment, on turbine blade tip loss. The calculations were carried out for a subsonic high pressure turbine stage. The loss mechanism examined is that due to tip clearance vortex mixing. The effects examined were three-dimensional blade stacking, downstream transition duct geometry, and unsteadiness due to an upstream nozzle guide vane. Tip leakage loss changes due to three-dimensional blade stacking (bowing or reverse bowing) are verified to be associated with changes in the magnitude of blade tip loading, which create differences in the leakage flow exit velocities. The effect of a downstream diffusing transition duct on tip leakage losses is small; there was a 3.6% increase in tip leakage loss for a 65% increase in duct exit-to-inlet area ratio compared to a constant area duct. For unsteadiness arising from an upstream nozzle guide vane, it is shown that substantial temporal fluctuations in vortex core velocity and loss generation exist. However, the time average tip leakage loss differed less than 5% from the tip leakage loss calculated on a steady flow basis. Based on the computations, the mechanism for tip leakage vortex loss in the three different situations examined appears to be similar to that which is seen for an isolated turbine blade.
Associations of Indoor Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Symptoms of Sick Building Syndrome in Air-Conditioned Lecture Halls

Indoor Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations and its impacts on health and wellbeing of the occupants is a widely discussed topic in building science. Although there is an abundance of knowledge on relationships between the Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) of office environments and naturally ventilated buildings, there is yet a limited knowledge available on associations’ of SBS in the students of higher educational facilities especially in air-conditioned lecture halls. To fill this research gap, present study has analyzed indoor CO 2 levels of 5 air-conditioned lecture halls with varying occupant densities for ongoing lectures of 2 hours. Statistically significant (α<0.05) strong positive correlation (R= 0.856) was shown between the occupant density and the CO 2 levels of the selected lecture halls. The results from the ordinal logistic regression shows significant odds ratios (OR>1, at 95% confidence interval) for the prevalence of symptoms such as headache, difficulties in concentration, dry throat, cough and tiredness/lethargy for certain lecture halls with high occupant densities. The results of the present study highlight the importance of adhering to proper design standards of lecture halls, optimum occupant control and selection of efficient air conditioning systems to maintain the health and wellbeing of higher education students.
On-Line High-Speed Rail Defect Detection, Part II

The objectives of this project were (1) to improve the defect detection reliability and (2) to improve the inspection speed of conventional rail defect detection methods. The prototype developed in this work uses noncontact transducers, ultrasonic guided waves, and real-time statistical pattern recognition to improve system reliability. The prototype was field tested seven times with the support of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) R-4 hy-railer vehicle. The latest tests at Herzog, Incorporated, in June 2010 showed excellent results. Two blind tests resulted in a defect detection reliability exceeding industry average and American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association recommendations. These tests also proved the potential for distinguishing good welds from defective welds, an excellent detestability of the vertical split head defect, and the potential for characterizing different rail surface conditions for grinding management purposes. Within this project, a 250-foot-long rail defect farm was also constructed at the University of California–San Diego, with in-kind donations from BNSF Railway, for the development of this and other rail inspection technologies of interest to FRA and to the railroad industry.
Wedding Planning and Management: Consultancy for Diverse Clients

Section 1 : Foundations 1. Role and Scope of Wedding Consultancy 2. Weddings and Culture 3. Consumerism and the Mediated Construction of Weddings 4. The Changing Family, Politics and Law 5. Tourism and Destination Weddings Section 2 : Practice 6. Determining the Vision 7. Wedding Budgets 8. Wedding Timelines 9. Food, Beverage and the Wedding Cake 10. Wedding Attire and the Bridal Party 11. The Ceremony 12. Floral Decor 13. Stationery Elements and Etiquette 14. Photography and Videography 15. Music and Entertainment 16. Rentals and Site Layout 17. Transportation 18. Favors and Gifts 19. Wedding Day Details Section 3: Building Your Business 20. Business Plan and Office Management 21.Developing a Marketing Strategy 22. Client Relations 23. Vendor Relations 24. Stress Management and Career Enrichment
Three-dimensional joint kinematics of swimming using body-worn inertial and magnetic sensors

Wearable inertial and magnetic measurements units (IMMU) are an important tool for underwater motion analysis because they are swimmer-centric, they require only simple measurement set-up and they provide the performance results very quickly. In order to estimate 3D joint kinematics during motion, protocols were developed to transpose the IMMU orientation estimation to a biomechanical model. The aim of the thesis was to validate a protocol originally propositioned to estimate the joint angles of the upper limbs during one-degree-of-freedom movements in dry settings and herein modified to perform 3D kinematics analysis of shoulders, elbows and wrists during swimming. Eight high-level swimmers were assessed in the laboratory by means of an IMMU while simulating the front crawl and breaststroke movements. A stereo-photogrammetric system (SPS) was used as reference. The joint angles (in degrees) of the shoulders (flexion-extension, abduction-adduction and internal-external rotation), the elbows (flexion-extension and pronation-supination), and the wrists (flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation) were estimated with the two systems and compared by means of root mean square errors (RMSE), relative RMSE, Pearson’s product-moment coefficient correlation (R) and coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC). Subsequently, the athletes were assessed during pool swimming trials through the IMMU. Considering both swim styles and all joint degrees of freedom modeled, the comparison between the IMMU and the SPS showed median values of RMSE lower than 8°, representing 10% of overall joint range of motion, high median values of CMC (0.97) and R (0.96). These findings suggest that the protocol accurately estimated the 3D orientation of the shoulders, elbows and wrists joint during swimming with accuracy adequate for the purposes of research. In conclusion, the proposed method to evaluate the 3D joint kinematics through IMMU was revealed to be a useful tool for both sport and clinical contexts.
Rain drop size distribution modelling in Singapore - critical diameters

This paper analyzes and presents the measured drop size distribution (DSD) for five rain rates 4.20, 22.80, 66.54, 100.57 and 141.27 mm/hr in Singapore (1°20'N, 103°41'E). The ranges of rain drop diameters that are critical to the DSD are identified and the significance of their relationship is analyzed. The modified gamma model is used to describe the DSD in Singapore. Root mean square error (RMSE) in percentage is calculated for all the rain rates for both lognormal (using maximum likelihood estimators and using moment estimators) and modified gamma models. Over the critical diameter range (0.771 mm to 5.3 mm), the modified gamma model fits very well with the measured data and produces least RMSE compared with other models except at the lower rain rate considered. (5 pages)