Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Note on the implementation of Poincare symmetry in noncommutative field theory

We argue that Poincare symmetry can be implemented in noncommutative field theory (NCFT) if we allow the parameter of noncommutative deformation θμν to change as a two-tensor under the corresponding space–time symmetry. The implementation is consistent with the definition of θμν in terms of space–time coordinates and with the Moyal star product. Inspired by the standard definition of a variational symmetry we found a universal way to correct the implementation of the Poincare symmetry by a term proportional to the variation of θμν in such a way that the new transformation define a symmetry of the theory. Finally we present as an example the case of NCYM theory and comment about the obstructions to implement generalized space–time symmetries in NCFT-like conformal or diffeomorphism transformations.
PII: S0028-3932(02)00074-X

In previous studies, we found that amnesic patients show reduced levels of false recognition in a converging semantic associates paradigm. This finding was interpreted as reflecting an impairment in amnesia in the ability to form, retain and/or retrieve a well-organized representation of the semantic ‘gist’ of studied items. To further explore the nature of amnesics’ impairment in gist memory, the current study compared performance in two retrieval conditions. In a standard retrieval condition, participants were asked to endorse on a recognition test only items that had appeared on the study list. In a meaning retrieval condition, participants were asked to endorse any item that shared the meaning of studied items. Meaning retrieval instructions failed to eliminate the reduction in false recognition in amnesia. These results suggest that amnesics’ impairment in gist memory is not attributable to a failure to access well-formed gist representations when given item-specific retrieval cues. Rather, it suggests that amnesic patients are impaired in their ability to encode, store, or maintain strong gist information. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Post-Newtonian and numerical calculations of the gravitational self-force for circular orbits in the Schwarzschild geometry

The problem of a compact binary system whose components move on circular orbits is addressed using two different approximation techniques in general relativity. The post-Newtonian (PN) approximation involves an expansion in powers of v/c<<1, and is most appropriate for small orbital velocities v. The perturbative self-force analysis requires an extreme mass ratio m{sub 1}/m{sub 2}<<1 for the components of the binary. A particular coordinate-invariant observable is determined as a function of the orbital frequency of the system using these two different approximations. The post-Newtonian calculation is pushed up to the third post-Newtonian (3PN) order. It involves the metric generated by two point particles and evaluated at the location of one of the particles. We regularize the divergent self-field of the particle by means of dimensional regularization. We show that the poles {proportional_to}(d-3){sup -1} appearing in dimensional regularization at the 3PN order cancel out from the final gauge invariant observable. The 3PN analytical result, through first order in the mass ratio, and the numerical self-force calculation are found to agree well. The consistency of this cross cultural comparison confirms the soundness of both approximations in describing compact binary systems. In particular, it provides an independent test of the very different regularizationmore » procedures invoked in the two approximation schemes. « less
Coronavirus Pandemic Prognostic predictors for mortality of patients with COVID-19 in an intensive care unit

Introduction: Fatality due to COVID-19 continues to be a challenge. Timely identification of critical COVID-19 patients is crucial for their close clinical follow-up and treatment. We aimed to identify the mortality predictors of critical COVID-19 patients. Methodology: We analyzed medical records of 232 out of 300 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) whose medical records were available in the hospital database. Non-survivors and survivors were compared for parameters. Medical records of demographics, comorbidities, radiological signs, respiratory support, and laboratory tests on the first day of ICU admission were included. The durations of ICU stay and hospitalization were also evaluated. Results: The patients with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) score above 28.5 and the patients with blood urea nitrogen (BUN) above 45.5 mg/dL were significantly more mortal (95% CI: 0.701, p = 0.0001; 95% CI: 0.599, p = 0.022; respectively). Partial oxygen pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F) ratio below 110.5 mmHg was a predictor for mortality (95% CI: 0.397, p = 0.018). Older age, smoking, crazy paving pattern on computed tomography (CT), and short duration of hospitalization were also predictors of mortality. The patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation were significantly more mortal whereas the patients requiring high flow oxygen and non-invasive ventilation were significantly more likely to survive. Conclusions: We recommend evaluating APACHE-II score, BUN value, P/F ratio, age, smoking status, radiological signs on CT, length of hospitalization and modality of respiratory support upon ICU admission to identify critical patients with poor prognoses.
Sentence-level Media Bias Analysis Informed by Discourse Structures

As polarization continues to rise among both the public and the news media, increasing attention has been devoted to detecting media bias. Most recent work in the NLP community, however, identify bias at the level of individual articles. However, each article itself comprises multiple sentences, which vary in their ideological bias. In this paper, we aim to identify sentences within an article that can illuminate and explain the overall bias of the entire article. We show that understanding the discourse role of a sentence in telling a news story, as well as its relation with nearby sentences, can reveal the ideological leanings of an author even when the sentence itself appears merely neutral. In particular, we consider using a functional news discourse structure and PDTB discourse relations to inform bias sentence identification, and distill the auxiliary knowledge from the two types of discourse structure into our bias sentence identification system. Experimental results on benchmark datasets show that incorporating both the global functional discourse structure and local rhetorical discourse relations can effectively increase the recall of bias sentence identification by 8.27% - 8.62%, as well as increase the precision by 2.82% - 3.48%.
CFT approach to the $q$-Painlev\'e VI equation

Iorgov, Lisovyy, and Teschner established a connection between isomonodromic deformation of linear differential equations and Liouville conformal field theory at $c=1$. In this paper we present a $q$ analog of their construction. We show that the general solution of the $q$-Painleve VI equation is a ratio of four tau functions, each of which is given by a combinatorial series arising in the AGT correspondence. We also propose conjectural bilinear equations for the tau functions.
Gutzwiller–RVB theory of high-temperature superconductivity: Results from renormalized mean-field theory and variational Monte Carlo calculations

We review the resonating valence bond (RVB) theory of high-temperature superconductivity using Gutzwiller projected wave functions that incorporate strong correlations. After a general overview of the phenomenon of high-temperature superconductivity, we discuss Anderson's RVB picture and its implementation by renormalized mean-field theory (RMFT) and variational Monte Carlo (VMC) techniques. We review RMFT and VMC results with an emphasis on recent developments in extending VMC and RMFT techniques to excited states. We compare results obtained from these methods with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). We conclude by summarizing recent successes of this approach and discuss open problems that need to be solved for a consistent and complete description of high-temperature superconductivity using Gutzwiller projected wave functions.
Radiative feedback from high-mass X-ray binaries on the formation of the first galaxies and early reionization

Recent work suggests that the first generation of stars, the so-called Population III (Pop III), could have formed primarily in binaries or as members of small multiple systems. Here we investigate the impact of X-ray feedback from High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs) left behind in stellar binary systems after the primary forms a black hole (BH), accreting gas at a high rate from the companion, a process that is thought to be favored at the low metallicities characteristic of high-redshift gas. Thanks to their large mean free path, X-rays are capable of preionizing and preheating the gas in the intergalactic medium (IGM) and in haloes long before the reionization of the Universe is complete, and thus could have strongly affected the formation of subsequent generations of stars as well as reionization. We have carried out zoomed hydrodynamical cosmological simulations of minihaloes, accounting for the formation of Pop III stars and their collapse into BHs and HMXBs, and the associated radiation-hydrodynamic feedback from UV and X-ray photons. We find no strong net feedback from HMXBs on the simulated star formation history. On the other hand, the preheating of the IGM by HMXBs leads to a strong suppression of small-scale structures and significantly lowers the recombination rate in the IGM, thus yielding a net positive feedback on reionization. We further show that X-ray feedback from HMXBs can augment the ionizing feedback from the Pop III progenitor stars to suppress gas accretion onto the first BHs, limiting their growth into supermassive BHs. Finally, we show that X-ray ionization by HMXBs leaves distinct signatures in the properties of the high-redshift hydrogen that may be probed in upcoming observations of the redshifted 21cm spin-flip line.
SPECTROSCOPIC VARIABILITY OF IRAS 22272+5435

A time series of high-resolution spectra was observed in the optical wavelength region for the bright proto-planetary nebula IRAS 22272+5435 (HD 235858), along with a simultaneous monitoring of its radial velocity and BV RC magnitudes. The object is known to vary in light, color, and velocity owing to pulsation with a period of 132 days. The light and color variations are accompanied by significant changes in spectral features, most of which are identified as lines of carbon-bearing molecules. According to the observations, the C2 Swan system and CN Red system lines are stronger near the light minimum. A photospheric spectrum of the central star was calculated using new self-consistent atmospheric models. The observed intensity variations in the C2 Swan system and CN Red system lines were found to be much larger than expected if due solely to the temperature variation in the atmosphere of the pulsating star. In addition, the molecular lines are blueshifted relative to the photospheric velocity. The site of formation of the strong molecular features appears to be a cool outflow triggered by the pulsation. The variability in atomic lines seems to be mostly due variations of the effective temperature during the pulsation cycle. The profiles of strong atomic lines are split, and some of them are variable in a timescale of a week or so, probably because of shock waves in the outer atmosphere.
ON THE GALACTIC SPIN OF BARRED DISK GALAXIES

We present a study of the connection between the galactic spin parameter (λd) and the bar fraction in a volume-limited sample of 10,674 disk galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. The galaxies in our sample are visually classified into one of three groups: non-barred galaxies and galaxies hosting long or short bars, respectively. We find that the spin distributions of these three classes are statistically different, with galaxies hosting long bars having the lowest λd values, followed by non-barred galaxies, while galaxies with short bars present typically high spin parameters. The bar fraction presents its maximum at low to intermediate λd values for the case of long bars, while the maximum for short bars is at high λd. This bimodality is in good agreement with previous studies finding longer bars hosted by luminous, massive, red galaxies with a low content of cold gas, while short bars were found in low luminosity, low mass, blue galaxies that were typically gas rich. In addition, the rise and fall of the bar fraction as a function of λd, within the long-bar sample shown in our results, can be explained as a result of two competing factors: the self-gravity of the disk that enhances bar instabilities and the support by random motions, instead of ordered rotational motion, that prevents the formation/growth of bars.
ON THE QUATERNIONIC p-ADIC L-FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED TO HILBERT MODULAR EIGENFORMS

We construct p-adic L-functions associated to cuspidal Hilbert modular eigenforms of parallel weight two in certain dihedral or anticyclotomic extensions via the Jacquet–Langlands correspondence, generalizing works of Bertolini–Darmon, Vatsal and others. The construction given here is adelic, which allows us to deduce a precise interpolation formula from a Waldspurger-type theorem, as well as a formula for the dihedral μ-invariant. We also make a note of Howard's non-vanishing criterion for these p-adic L-functions, which can be used to reduce the associated Iwasawa main conjecture to a certain non-triviality criterion for families of p-adic L-functions.
Datko-Pazy conditions for nonuniform exponential stability

Abstract For linear cocycles over both maps and flows, we obtain Datko-Pazy type of conditions under which all Lyapunov exponents of a given cocycle are negative. Furthermore, by combining our results with the results on subadditive ergodic optimisation, we also present new criteria for uniform exponential stability of linear cocycles.
Streams in the Aquarius stellar haloes

We use the very high resolution, fully cosmological simulations from the Aquarius Project, coupled to a semi-analytical model of galaxy formation, to study the phase-space distribution of halo stars in 'solar neighbourhood' like volumes. We find that this distribution is very rich in substructure in the form of stellar streams for all five stellar haloes we have analysed. These streams can be easily identified in velocity space, as well as in spaces of pseudo-conserved quantities such as E versus L-z. In our best resolved local volumes, the number of identified streams ranges from approximate to 300 to 600, in very good agreement with previous analytical predictions, even in the presence of chaotic mixing. The fraction of particles linked to (massive) stellar streams in these volumes can be as large as 84 per cent. The number of identified streams is found to decrease as a power law with galactocentric radius. We show that the strongest limitation to the quantification of substructure in our poorest resolved local volumes is particle resolution rather than strong diffusion due to chaotic mixing.
Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy Between Health Beliefs and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose: To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and health beliefs in community elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients and Methods: From January to March 2022, convenience sampling was adopted to investigate 200 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in a community in Yangzhou, China. Data were collected using the Health Beliefs Questionnaire, Self-efficacy for Diabetes, and Medication Compliance Questionnaire. Laboratory parameters included HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Correlation, linear regression, and mediation analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0. Results: HbA1c levels were higher in men (women vs men: 6.80% [6.08%, 7.73%] vs.7.30% [6.30%, 9.18%]) and employed (employed vs not employed vs retired: 7.60% [6.90%, 10.45%] vs 5.85% [5.40%, 6.95%] vs 7.10% [6.20%, 8.20%]) and low self-efficacy (low vs high: 13.1% [6.55%, 13.85%] vs 6.8% [6.10%, 7.70%]). HbA1c levels were negatively associated with health beliefs (r = −0.246) and self-efficacy (r = −0.240; p <0.01). Linear regression showed that perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, and barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy explained 50% of the variance in HbA1c levels after adjusting for sex and current work status. The mediation effect of self-efficacy was partial between health beliefs and HbA1c levels and accounted for 24.65% of the total effect ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Health beliefs influenced the improvement of self-efficacy in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which in turn could improve HbA1c control. Self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role between health beliefs and Hba1c levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
Modelling galaxy spectra at redshifts 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 2.3 by the (OII)/Hβ and (OIII)/Hβ line ratios

We present the detailed modelling of line spectra emitted from galaxies at redshifts 0.2≤ z ≤ 2.3. The spectra only account for a few oxygen to Hβ line ratios. The results show that [OII]3727+3729/Hβ and [OIII]5007+4959/Hβ are not sufficient to constrain the models. The data at least of an auroral line, e.g. [OIII]4363, should be known. We have found O/H relative abundances ranging between 1.8 × 10 −4 and 6.6 × 10 −4 by modelling the spectra observed from ultrastrong emission line galaxy and faint galaxy samples.
Low dimensional Singular Riemannian Foliations in spheres

Singular Riemannian Foliations are particular types of foliations on Riemannian manifolds, in which leaves locally stay at a constant distance from each other. Singular Riemannian Foliations in round spheres play a special role, since they provide "infinitesimal information" about general Singular Riemannian Foliations. In this paper we show that Singular Riemannian Foliations in spheres, of dimension at most 3, are orbits of an isometric group action.
A RECIPE TO PROBE ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF GRAVITATION VIA N-BODY NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS. I. SPIRAL GALAXIES

A way to probe alternative theories of gravitation is to study if they could account for the structures of the universe. We therefore modified the well-known Gadget-2 code to probe alternative theories of gravitation through galactic dynamics. As an application, we simulate the evolution of spiral galaxies to probe alternative theories of gravitation whose weak field limits have a Yukawa-like gravitational potential. These simulations show that galactic dynamics can be used to constrain the parameters associated with alternative theories of gravitation. It is worth stressing that the recipe given in this study can be applied to any other alternative theory of gravitation in which the superposition principle is valid.
EFFECTS OF ROTATIONALLY INDUCED MIXING IN COMPACT BINARY SYSTEMS WITH LOW-MASS SECONDARIES AND IN SINGLE SOLAR-TYPE STARS

Many population synthesis and stellar evolution studies have addressed the evolution of close binary systems in which the primary is a compact remnant and the secondary is filling its Roche lobe, thus triggering mass transfer. Although tidal locking is expected in such systems, most studies have neglected the rotationally induced mixing that may occur. Here we study the possible effects of mixing in mass-losing stars for a range of secondary star masses and metallicities. We find that tidal locking can induce rotational mixing prior to contact and thus affect the evolution of the secondary star if the effects of the Spruit–Tayler dynamo are included both for angular momentum and chemical transport. Once contact is made, the effect of mass transfer tends to be more rapid than the evolutionary timescale, so the effects of mixing are no longer directly important, but the mass-transfer strips matter to inner layers that may have been affected by the mixing. These effects are enhanced for secondaries of 1–1.2 M☉ and for lower metallicities. We discuss the possible implications for the paucity of carbon in the secondaries of the cataclysmic variable SS Cyg and the black hole candidate XTE J1118+480 and for the progenitor evolution of Type Ia supernovae. We also address the issue of the origin of blue straggler stars in globular and open clusters. We find that for models that include rotation consistent with that observed for some blue straggler stars, evolution is chemically homogeneous. This leads to tracks in the H-R diagram that are brighter and bluer than the non-rotating main-sequence turn-off point. Rotational mixing could thus be one of the factors that contribute to the formation of blue stragglers.
Estimates of Dirichlet heat kernels for unimodal Lévy processes with low intensity of small jumps

In this paper, we study transition density functions for pure jump unimodal Lévy processes killed upon leaving an open set D . Under some mild assumptions on the Lévy density, we establish two‐sided Dirichlet heat kernel estimates when the open set D is C1,1 . Our result covers the case that the Lévy densities of unimodal Lévy processes are regularly varying functions whose indices are equal to the Euclidean dimension. This is the first results on two‐sided Dirichlet heat kernel estimates for Lévy processes such that the lower scaling index of the Lévy densities is not necessarily strictly bigger than the Euclidean dimension.
THE SURFACE DENSITIES OF DISK BROWN DWARFS IN JWST SURVEYS

We present predictions for the surface density of ultracool dwarfs (with spectral types M8–T8) for a host of deep fields that are likely to be observed with the James Webb Space Telescope. Based on simple thin and thick/thin disk (exponential) models, we show that the typical distance modulus is &mgr; ≈ 9.8 ? > mag, which at high Galactic latitude is 5 log ( 2 z scl ) − 5 ? > . Since this is a property of the density distribution of an exponential disk, it is independent of spectral type or stellar sample. Using the published estimates of the ultracool dwarf luminosity function, we show that their number counts typically peak around J ∼ 24 ? > mag with a total surface density of &Sgr; ∼ 0.3 ? > arcmin−2, but with a strong dependence on galactic coordinate and spectral type. Owing to the exponential shape of the disk, the ultracool dwarfs are very rare at faint magnitudes ( J ≥ 27 ? > mag), with typical densities of &Sgr; ∼ 0.005 ? > arcmin−2 (or ∼ 20 ? > % of the total contribution within the field). Therefore, in very narrow and deep fields, we predict there are only a few ultracool dwarfs, and hence these stars are likely not a severe contaminant in searches for high-redshift galaxies. Furthermore, the ultracool dwarfs are expected to be considerably brighter than the high-redshift galaxies, so samples near the faint end of the high-redshift galaxy population will be the purest. We present the star-count formalism in a simplified way so that observers may easily predict the number of stars for their conditions (field, depth, wavelength, etc.).
ABSTRACT COMPETITIVE SYSTEMS AND ORBITAL STABILITY IN R

Competitive autonomous systems in R 3 have the remarkable property of verifying an analogue of the Poincar(cid:19)e-Bendixon theorem for planar equations. This fact allows us to prove the existence of orbitally stable closed orbits for those systems under easily checkable hypothesis. Our aim is to intro- duce, by changing the ordering in R 3 , a new class of autonomous systems for which the preceding results directly extend. As a consequence we shall rein- terpret some of the results of R. A. Smith in terms of the theory of monotone systems.