Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Beauty and the BIID

BIID (“Body Integrity Identity Disorder”, also known as “Amputee Identity Disorder”, “Body incongruence Disorder” or “Xenomelia”), is an intense feeling of a discrepancy between a real intact body and the mental image of a disabled body (e.g. amputation). BIID is associated with a strong desire for a severe disability [1, 2]. The afflicted person believes that they will only be “complete” after the amputation of a limb. The interest in disabled people and a curiosity to play the role of an amputee has often existed since early childhood. Obernolte et al. [20] expected significant differences in experiences with disabled people in childhood and young adulthood between BIID sufferers and control subjects. As a primary reason for the wish for amputation, a feeling of perfection and internal satisfaction was reported [2, 12]. Most persons who successfully achieved the desired operation showed healing from all BIID-symptoms [19]. As a possible cause of BIID, Stirn et al. [23] defined a genetic based pre-pubertal imprinting connected with the identification of an admired ABSTRACT
Floral anatomy of Pittosporaceae: five species of Pittosporum

The flowers are tetracyclic, pentamerous, and hypogynous. The ovary of the bicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium is bilocular at the base and unilocular towards the apex or bilocular towards the base and apex and unilocular in the middle. The sepals are three traced and the origin of the sepal traces is peculiar in Pittosporum heterophyllum and P. rhombifolium. The petals and stamens are one traced. The heteromerous flowers of P. revolutum stand apart in perianth and androecial characters. The carpels are three traced except in P. phyllarioides, where they are five traced. There is adnation of traces between petals, stamens, and gynoecium and this precedes the external fusion. Judging from the position of the ventral bundles, the placentations can be described as parietal, anatomically parietal, or both in different parts of the ovary. A true nectariferous disc is lacking. The basal peripheral portion of the ovary resembles the disc, showing deep-staining cells, and it is devoid of any vasculature.
Effects of fertilisers on winter wheat infection caused by Fusarium species

Effects of fertilisers on the grain yield (t ha-1) and the development of mycobiota, especially of the Fusarium species, in winter wheat kernels were observed. Fertilisers were applied in the following variants: T1 - 30m3 of slurry (pre-sowing treatment) and 25 m3 of slurry (top-dressing), T2 - 22.500 kg of manure (pre-sowing treatment) and 220 kg of urea (top-dressing), T3 - 300 kg of urea (top-dressing) and T4 - the control without application of fertilisers. The average wheat grain yield was the highest in the treatment T2 (6.9 t ha-1), then in T3 (6.3 t ha-1) and T1 (6.2 t ha-1), while the lowest wheat grain yield (4.3 t ha-1) was registered in the control (T4). Fungi of genera Alternaria (88.8-96.3%) and Fusarium (3.7-11.1%) were mainly isolated from all wheat kernel samples collected after harvest (T1-T4). Species of the genus Dreschlera were isolated in treatments T1 (0.3%) and T2 (0.2%). The species Stemphylium botryosum was isolated only in the treatment T1 (0.2%). F. graminearum (3.5-10.8%) was isolated from wheat kernels in all observed treatments, while F. sporotrichioides was isolated in treatments T1 (0.6%), T2 (0.5%) and T3 (0.3%). F. poae (0.3%) and F. subglutinans (0.2%) were isolated in the treatment T2, while F. graminearum was predominantly present in treatments T3 (10.8%), T1 (8.7%) and T2 (7.8%), and in the control T4 (3.5%). The obtained results point out that the application of urea affected the decrease in the intensity of Alternaria species infestation, but it also affected the increase of frequency of Fusarium species, especially F. graminearum, in comparison with the control and other treatments. Negative correlation was registered between the grain yield and the intensity of infestation of Fusarium species (collectively) and F. graminearum (individually).
The role of temperature in determining the stimulation of CO2 assimilation at elevated carbon dioxide concentration in soybean seedlings

Soybean (Glycine max cv. Clark) was grown at both ambient (ca 350 μmol mol -1 ) and elevated (ca 700 μmol mol -1 ) CO 2 concentration at 5 growth temperatures (constant day/night temperatures of 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40°C) for 17-22 days after sowing to determine the interaction between temperature and CO 2 concentration on photosynthesis (measured as A, the rate of CO 2 assimilation per unit leaf area) at both the single leaf and whole plant level. Single leaves of soybean demonstrated increasingly greater stimulation of A at elevated CO 2 as temperature increased from 25 to 35°C (i.e. optimal growth rates). At 40°C, primary leaves failed to develop and plants eventually died. In contrast, for both whole plant A and total biomass production, increasing temperature resulted in less stimulation by elevated CO 2 concentration. For whole plants, increased CO 2 stimulated leaf area more as growth temperature increased. Differences between the response of A to elevated CO 2 for single leaves and whole plants may be related to increased self-shading experienced by whole plants at elevated CO 2 as temperature increased. Results from the present study suggest that self-shading could limit the response of CO 2 assimilation rate and the growth response of soybean plants if temperature and CO 2 increase concurrently, and illustrate that light may be an important consideration in predicting the relative stimulation of photosynthesis by elevated CO 2 at the whole plant level.
Skin Cancer Image Segmentation Based on Symmetrical Threshold Contour Algorithm

Image segmentation is a process of identifying sub patterns in a given image. The purpose of skin cancer image segmentation is to represent it ina meaningful way for effectiveanalysis. Segmentation of skin cancer image is mostly used to detect the boundaries and objects present in a skin lesion. This approach describes the skin cancer image segmentation based on symmetrical threshold contour algorithm with similar thresholding values for segmentation of the accurate cancerous lesion. Skin cancer lesion shape and structure is the most important parameter in this method. In this paper, skin cancer image contour detection isbased on symmetrical thresholding algorithm using MATLAB soft ware.
A Qualitative Study to Discover the Determinants of Capital Structure of Micro and Small-sized Enterprises in Malaysia

The study aims to discover the factors affecting capital structure decisions of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and develop a model of capital structure determinants. The study employed indepth and face-to-face interviews and focus-groups discussions to validate the existing concepts that have been identified in the literature within the Asian context, specifically the Malaysian MSEs. The inter-rater reliability technique was used to analyse the data. The results indicate that the large proportion of respondents relied extensively on the internal finance during start-up stage and in subsequent years. The results identified 13 factors of capital structure choice which are consistent with major studies on the capital structure determinants. This study reveals two new determinants of capital structure, namely ‘awareness’ and ‘business culture’ and some new items which can be included in the existing constructs. The research findings should help managers to make optimal capital structure decisions as well as assist the policy maker in formulating the financing policy. KeywordsMicro and Small Enterprises (MSEs), capital structure, finance, interview, focus group, ethnicity, Malaysia
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC ACID CONSTITUENTS OF CHESTNUT (CASTANIA SATIVA MILL.) HONEY AND PROPOLIS

This study describes the constituents of phenolic acids and antioxidant activities of chestnut (Castania sativa Mill.) honeys and propolis in Turkey. Antioxidant activity of the chestnut honeys and propolis were examined by three different methods, namely scavenging of free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, FRAP, and cupric reducing antioxidant power. Total phenolic contents were determined by using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent as GA equivalent. The phenolic constituents were also determined by HPLC. The antioxidant activities were compared with standard antioxidants such as catechin, BHT and Trolox. The antioxidant activities of all the samples were found high and related to the sample concentrations. The ethanolic propolis extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity. The major phenolic acids of the chestnut honeys and propolis identified by HPLC with PDA detection were coumaric acid, FA, cinnamic acid, CA and ChA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS In this study, some phenolic acid components and antioxidant capacity of chestnut (Castania sativa Mill.) honey and propolis were measured. The comparative findings from antioxidant activities and phenolic acid analyses of honey and propolis samples of chestnut origin provide important criteria for considering their nutritional and nutraceutical potentials. Comparison of our results with literature data also ranks the chestnut honey and propolis as better sources of antioxidants among those from other floral origins.
Ethephon promotion of crop abscission for unshaken and mechanically shaken macadamia

Promotion of fruit abscission in macadamia, Macadamia integrifolia (Proteaceae), has potential to reduce costs associated with prolonged harvesting of late-abscising cultivars. Effects of ethephon [(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid] on fruit removal force and crop abscission were monitored at 3 stages of the harvest season on both unshaken and mechanically shaken trees of the late-abscising macadamia cultivar A16. Ethephon application, tree shaking, or a combination of the 2 methods, accelerated crop removal from the tree at all stages during harvest. Early harvest before natural abscission resulted in little or no difference in nut-in-shell and kernel weight, kernel recovery and kernel oil content. Delaying ethephon application or tree shaking until commencement of natural abscission resulted in greater crop removal. Fruit removal force declined naturally towards 1 kgf at this stage, and was further reduced by ethephon application. The most effective approach for harvest acceleration was to reduce fruit removal force, before tree shaking, by spraying trees with ethephon.
Evidence for tight coupling between active bacteria and particulate organic carbon
during seasonal stratification of Lake Michigan

Suspended particulate organic matter (POM) plays a critical role in the planktonic ecology of Lake Michigan during seasonal thermal stratification. We show, based on stable isotope and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) data, that the relationship between suspended POM and active biomass changes as thermal stratification persists. Stable isotope data indicated that sources of suspended POM change between July and October, moving from primary production at a deep chlorophyll layer to recyclingߚbased production in surface waters. Concomitant change in the distribution of active bacterial and eukaryotic biomass was observed as indicated by rRNA abundances. Active bacterial and eukaryotic biomass were highly correlated throughout the year. However, the correlation between suspended POM and active bacterial biomass varied seasonally and reflected the transitions in planktonic ecology. Suspended POM from depths >60 m was primarily of sedimentary origin. The combined application of stable isotope and rRNA analysis of suspended POM indicated a dynamic relationship between the bulk POM reservoir and living planktonic biomass.
Biological and molecular properties of Tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV), a new tomato‐infecting begomovirus from Brazil

A viral complex causing golden mosaic and leaf distortion (rugosity) in tomato plants was obtained from viruliferous whiteflies, and named TGV-Ub1. This complex was sap-transmitted from tomato to Nicotiana benthamiana. PCR amplification using universal begomovirus primers yielded two distinct fragments for DNA-A, suggesting that the TGV-Ub1 complex comprised at least two distinct viruses. Clones corresponding to full-length viral genomes were obtained from tomato plants infected with TGV-Ub1. Comparisons of the complete sequences of clones pUb1-49 (DNA-A), pUb1-62 and pUb1-81 (both DNA-B) indicated that they constitute novel western hemisphere begomoviruses. Clones pUb1-49 and pUB1-81 have identical common regions, thus representing the cognate DNA-A and -B of a novel begomovirus, named Tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV). Clone pUb1-62 has a distinct common region from ToRMV and all other geminiviruses. A cognate DNA-A for pUb1-62 was not found. Clones containing 1·8 copies of the genomic components were constructed. Infectivity assays of these clones in tomato and N. benthamiana demonstrated that the clones corresponding to ToRMV systemically infected both hosts. Symptoms were analogous to those observed when using the pure isolates obtained in this study. The combination of pUb1-49 and -62 did not result in systemic infection, indicating that these components do not form a viable virus. ToRMV was sap-transmitted from N. benthamiana to N. benthamiana, and by grafting to Solanum tuberosum and Datura stramonium. ToRMV-A and ToRMV-B were detected in plants of Nicandra physaloides and Phaseolus vulgaris, respectively, growing in nearby tomato fields, in association with distinct DNA components.
Observations of Multiple Mating Under Field Conditions for Japanese Beetles (Popillia japonica Newman) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Abstract Japanese beetles are important pests of many agricultural and horticultural plants, yet few studies have attempted to follow the mating behavior of individuals in the field. In this study, we recorded mating behavior and patch residence of Japanese beetles on food plants under field conditions. Pairs of beetles were marked and their fates were followed for 2 days. Both male and female Japanese beetles frequently mated with more than one individual, with males being more likely to pair multiply than females but females more quickly re-pairing than males. Patch departure differed between males and females, with females tending to leave the food patch in midday and males tending to leave in the evening. Male mate-guarding of females was highly variable, with some males remaining with females less than 30 minutes and others guarding females for over 24 hours. The duration of mate guarding was unrelated to whether the female departed immediately after the pair broke up. The results of this study suggest that individual turnover in food patches is high and that there is substantial opportunity for sperm competition.
MohaMed abdelrahMan MohaMed1*, abdullahi abdi MohaMoud1, haMdi ibrahiM adow1, asinaMai athliaMai bitrus2

| This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi and their risk factors in some selected Camel Dairy farms in Benadir, Somalia. The study was conducted from July, 2018 to February, 2019. Simple random sampling was used and the studied animals were selected based on the population of Camel in each farm in the study area. A total of 200 blood samples were collected from six farms that comprised of Goorsan (36), Cagarey (31), Alkhalil (25), Albaraka (60), Mandeq (26) and Sahan (22). Blood serum was harvested and detection of antibodies against T. evansi was carried out using Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis (CATT). Of the 200 serum samples analyzed, 129 (64%) samples were positive for T. evansi. Farm level seroprevalence showed that Cagarey farm, had the highest seroprevalence [25 (80%)] followed by Goorsan 27(75%), Mandeq 16 (61%), Albaraka 36(60%), Sahan 12(55%) and Alkhalil 13 (52%) respectively. Risk factor analysis showed that there was a statistical significant difference between age, sex, body condition, farms type and the seroprevalence of T. evansi (P<0.05). Higher seroprevalence of T. evansi was recorded in camels >3 years of age (67%) compared to camels between 1-2 years old (54%). Seroprevalence of T. evansi was relatively high in females (66%) than males (44%). Camels with good and or normal body condition had a seroprevalence of 121 (65%) than those with poor body conditions 8 (50%). The results of this study affirmed the occurrence of T. evansi among camels in Benadir region of Somali.
FATTENING PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF MALE AND FEMALE BUFFALO CALVES OF KUNDI BREED

Fourteen growing Kundi buffalo calves, 11-12 months of age were fed for a period of 120 days in ordinary village condition. The animals were divided into male and female (7 of each) groups of an average weight 158±9.92 and 140±7.15 kg respectively. Experimental diet offered was formulated with corn yellow grain, rice grain, rapeseed meal, cotton seed cake, molasses cane, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, urea, salt, mineral premix and wheat bran with 14.03% crude protein and 55.06% Total Digestible Nutrient. Animals were fed on ration contained 2 kg experimental diet and wheat straw ad-lib along with 5kg chaffing green maize fodder for each animal. The calves were weighed fortnightly intervals and average daily weight gain (ADG), in male and female, was recorded. There was no significant difference in ADG although male buffalo calves had numerically higher ADG (0.804 vs 0.728) than female. Dressing percentage, boneless meat, lean meat, bone, fat and other tissues in male and female were 52.5% and 51%; 77.5 and 76; 59% and 58.5%; 22.5% and 24%; 12.9 and 11.5; 5.6 and 6 respectively. Likewise, crude protein (20.8% vs 20.8%) and moisture in lean meat (74.55% vs 74.5%) of male and female were similar. It is concluded that there was no significant difference in ADG and carcass characteristics between male and female buffalo calves.
Effect of sulphur dioxide and blanching on the stability of carotenoids of dehydrated carrot

The influence of blanching and sulphiting of carrot on the stability of carotenoids of dehydrated carrot was evaluated. The carotenoid content of untreated and treated carrots was measured after dehydration and during storage of dehydrated carrot at 37°C. Sulphiting was found to have a marked effect on the stability of carotenoids of both unblanched and blanched carrots during dehydration and storage at 37°C. The effectiveness of sulphur dioxide was reduced by increasing blanching time to over 1 min, the period in which the carrot becomes just adequately blanched. Even 9621 μg−1 SO2 in over-blanched carrot was not as effective as less than one-quarter of this concentration in carrot that had been just adequately blanched. The combination of sulphiting, and blanching to a level sufficient to inactivate peroxidase activity, is considered to be the most effective method for enhancing the storage life of the product, and optimisation of the blanching process is highly desirable in order to gain the maximum benefit from the SO2 treatment.
Uncertainty-Aware Score Distribution Learning for Action Quality Assessment

Assessing action quality from videos has attracted growing attention in recent years. Most existing approaches usually tackle this problem based on regression algorithms, which ignore the intrinsic ambiguity in the score labels caused by multiple judges or their subjective appraisals. To address this issue, we propose an uncertainty-aware score distribution learning (USDL) approach for action quality assessment (AQA). Specifically, we regard an action as an instance associated with a score distribution, which describes the probability of different evaluated scores. Moreover, under the circumstance where finer-grained score labels are available (e.g., difficulty degree of an action or multiple scores from different judges), we further devise a multi-path uncertainty-aware score distribution learning (MUSDL) method to explore the disentangled components of a score. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods, We conduct experiments on two AQA datasets containing various Olympic actions. Our approaches set new state-of-the-arts under the Spearman's Rank Correlation (i.e., 0.8102 on AQA-7 and 0.9273 on MTL-AQA).
Internet Addiction: A Study of its Relevant Correlates – Narcissism, Alexithymia and General Health

One of the most important developments of recent times has been the emergence of the Internet, which has touched millions of lives due to its widespread access and usability. With the development of the Internet, another modern day phenomenon came into existence, the Social Media. According to experts, Social Media has been defined as ―a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow the creation and exchange of usergenerated content‖. (Lower, 2013)
The exopterygote insect community of a mountain stream in North Carolina, USA: Life histories, production, and functional structure

Life histories and production of the Exopterygota inhabiting a first to second order mountain stream in North Carolina, USA, were studied by replicated monthly sampling of three different habitats (BO = boulder‐outcrop, R = riffle, PL = pool). Life histories were diverse, ranging from multi‐voltine (e.g. Baetis) to semi‐voltine (e.g. Leuctra ferruginea, Sweltsa lateralis). Habitat‐weighted annual production was 1862 mg (ash‐free dry weight)/m2 with > 50% being based on four taxa (of 21 considered): Serratella sp. (16%), Peltoperlidae (16%), Leuctra spp. (13%), and Beloneuria spp. (8%). The Odonata, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera contributed 36, 760, and 1066 mg/m2 to annual production, respectively. Production was distributed evenly among four functional groups with collector‐gatherers, shredders, scrapers, and engulfing‐predators contributing 21%, 33%, 23%, and 23%, respectively. Production by functional groups followed broad taxonomic categories with the Ephemeroptera, euholognathous Plecoptera, and syst.
Abundance and biomass of picoplanktonic Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria) in a coastal ecosystem of the northeastern Mediterranean, the Bay of İskenderun

Abstract Changes in abundance and biomass of Synechococcus were studied during five cruises carried out between November 2004 and September 2005 in the İskenderun Bay, northeastern Mediterranean. In addition, spatial and temporal variations in physico-chemical factors and Chl a were measured. Abundance ranged from 0.2×104 to 23.09×104 cells ml−1, whereas the biomass ranged from 0.19 1 to 23.01 µgC l−1 in the bay. Synechococcus was found most numerous during September 2005 in the shallower part of the bay while the population was observed least during November 2004 and January 2005. The contribution of <3 µm size fraction to total Chl a ranged between 48% and 74%, being low during the cold period and higher during the warm period. The observed spatial and temporal fluctuations in abundance seemed to be closely related to environmental conditions in the area. Small-sized phytoplankton dominated the bulk of biomass, at least for the summer period.