Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Behavior of People at Pekanbaru City Indonesia in the Use of Household Pesticides to Control Pest of Settlement

Most people in Pekanbaru City (92.86%) are involved in using pesticides to control household pests for over five years. Furthermore, the driving factors of this behavior include the availability of the market in the settlement vicinity and the lack of public knowledge, which leads to an improper utility that does not comply with the provision on the packaging label. This research is a descriptive study. The results showed the absence of compliance to stipulated provisions in the behavior of the Pekanbaru community regarding the use of household pesticides to control settlement pests. Hence, the reports show the daily use of pesticides, determined by pests' appearance in certain places within the house, while the container management was properly carried out by storing it in a special place and out of childrens’ reach. Therefore, there is an enhanced desire to use non-pesticide pest control methods in community settlement.
Continuous Measurements of the Water Activities of Aqueous Droplets of Water-Soluble Organic Compounds

Water-soluble organic compounds have recently received much attention because of their ability to absorb water and affect the radiation balance and the climate. Partly because of their relatively high volatility, thermodynamic data on water-soluble organic compounds are scarce. Recently, we have developed a method based on the scanning electrodynamic balance (SEDB) that enables the measurement of water activity data of evaporating droplets within an hour, which can potentially be used to measure volatile species. This paper demonstrates the use of the SEDB to study the hygroscopic growth of selected atmospheric species, including semivolatile organic species with vapor pressure up to 1 × 10-4 mmHg. We also measured the water activities, the crystallization relative humidity, and the deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) of aqueous solutions of maleic acid and glutaric acid. The DRHs of maleic acid and glutaric acid are in general agreement with the literature, except that glutaric acid shows a small delay.
Analysis of Wind Turbine Aging through Operation Curves

The worsening with age of technical systems performance is a matter of fact which is particularly timely to analyze for horizontal-axis wind turbines because they constitute a mature technology. On these grounds, the present study deals with the assessment of wind turbine performance decline with age. The selected test case is a Vestas V52 wind turbine, installed in 2005 at the Dundalk Institute of Technology campus in Ireland. Operation data from 2008 to 2019 have been used for this study. The general idea is analyzing the appropriate operation curves for each working region of the wind turbine: in Region 2 (wind speed between 5 and 9 m/s), the generator speed–power curve is studied, because the wind turbine operates at fixed pitch. In Region 2 12 (wind speed between 9 and 13 m/s), the generator speed is rated and the pitch control is relevant: therefore, the pitch angle–power curve is analyzed. Using a support vector regression for the operation curves of interest, it is observed that in Region 2, a progressive degradation occurs as regards the power extracted for given generator speed, and after ten years (from 2008 to 2018), the average production has diminished of the order of 8%. In Region 2 12, the performance decline with age is less regular and, after ten years of operation, the performance has diminished averagely of the 1.3%. The gearbox of the test case wind turbine was substituted with a brand new one at the end of 2018, and it results that the performance in Region 2 12 has considerably improved after the gearbox replacement (+3% in 2019 with respect to 2018, +1.7% with respect to 2008), while in Region 2, an improvement is observed (+1.9% in 2019 with respect to 2018) which does not compensate the ten-year period decline (−6.5% in 2019 with respect to 2008). Therefore, the lesson is that for the test case wind turbine, the generator aging impacts remarkably on the power production in Region 2, while in Region 2 12, the impact of the gearbox aging dominates over the generator aging; for this reason, wind turbine refurbishment or component replacement should be carefully considered on the grounds of the wind intensity distribution onsite.
Knowledge and Practices Regarding Infant and Young Child Feeding among Mothers’ Children 0-23 Months of Matli, District Badin, Sindh

Background: Lack of proper practices account for the deaths of 1.4 million children of <5 years globally. Optimal Infant and Young Child Feeding practices are recognized as the most valuable approach for improving child survival and development. We aimed to assess the knowledge and practices and to determine the factors affecting Infant and Young Child Feeding practices among mothers of children 0-23 months of Taluka Hospital Matli, Badin District, Sindh Methods: A descriptive hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with the sample of 279 mothers visiting pediatric OPD of Taluka Hospital Matli, Badin District, Sindh-Pakistan from 1st October to 31st December 2016. The sample was collected by using non probability consecutive sampling technique and structured pretested questionnaire. Results: 94% of women had the knowledge of when to start breastfeeding after delivery. There is a strong association between maternal education and 0-23 month’s children receiving bottle feed and also a strong association between the information providers and bottle feeding practice. Conclusion: We have found a good dependence of birth weight of the newborn with the monthly income of the household. LHWs and nurses were main sources of information provider about breastfeeding.
Carbon dynamics in submerged soil microcosms as influenced by elevated CO2 and temperature

Abstract A 45-d incubation experiment was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions to study the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the dynamics of microbial biomass C and organic C in flooded paddy soil microcosms amended or unamended with rice straw. The microcosms with the two treatments were transferred separately to four growth chambers to incubate them under 16 h/8 h light and dark conditions. Two of the growth chambers set at 25 and 35°C provided a continuous flow of elevated CO2 (equivalent to 800 µL L-1). Similarly the other two growth chambers were run under near ambient CO2 (400 µL L-1) conditions at each of the two temperatures. The amounts of soluble carbon, microbial biomass C, chlorophyll-type compounds, and organic C in the surface (0–1 cm) and sub-surface (below 1 cm) soil layers were measured at 15, 30, and 45 d after incubation. The amount of soluble carbon in the straw-amended soil gradually decreased throughout the incubation period, while no significant dif.
Using atmospheric CO2 data to assess a simplified carbon-climate simulation for the 20th century

The CSIRO biosphere model has been coupled to an atmosphere model and a simulation has been performed for the 20th century. Both biosphere and atmosphere are forced with global CO2 concentration and the atmosphere is also forced with prescribed sea surface temperatures. The simulation follows the C4MIP Phase 1 protocol. We assess the model simulation using atmospheric CO2 data. Mauna Loa growth rate is well simulated from 1980 but overestimated before that time. The interannual variations in growth rate are reasonably reproduced. Seasonal cycles are underestimated in northern mid-latitudes and are out of phase in the southern hemisphere. The north–south gradient of annual mean CO2 is substantially overestimated due to a northern hemisphere net biosphere source and a southern tropical sink. Diurnal cycles at three northern hemisphere locations are larger than observed in many months, most likely due to larger respiration than observed.
Properties of ZnO/CdS/CuInSe2 solar cells with improved performance

We report the growth and characterization of low‐bandgap record‐efficiency ZnO/CdS/CuInSe2 thin‐film solar cells. The total area conversion efficiency for this cell is 14·5%. This result has been measured and confirmed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory under standard reporting conditions (1000 W/m2, 25°C, AM1·5 Global). The improved performance of the CuInSe2 solar cell is primarily due to a high current density. Material and device characterization data are presented. Published in 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Geopolitics of China’s Overseas Port Investments: A Comparative Analysis of Greece and Pakistan

ABSTRACT With China’s continuous rise and growing external commercial, strategic, and political endeavours, questions have arisen about the motivation, timing, and locale of China’s outreaching strategies. This research analyzes China’s overseas port investments through a comparative study of Greece and Pakistan, two important partners of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Adopting the neoclassical realist framework and drawing on expert interviews, official statistics, and policy documents, this paper reveals how China’s economic security objectives in combination with changing geopolitical structures led to its external port investments. This research contributes to the studies on rising powers and geopolitics by showing how China as a rising power capitalizes on geopolitical opportunities created by the changing interests of dominant powers to expand its presence in strategically important regions.
Do The Investors React to Risk Management Disclosure? (an Empirical Study on Companies in Property, Real Estate, and Building Construction Industry Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2016 - 2018)

The purpose of this research is to examine the quality of risk management according to investor reactions in property, real estate, and building construction companies listed on Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) in 2016-2018. The reaction of investors in this research is indicated by stock returns. In addition, this research also examines wider and more complete disclosure of the company can reduce information asymmetry with investors to make investment decisions. Based on the signaling theory, companies that disclose more information will be used as good news by investors and getting a positive reaction. The population in this research are property company, real estate company, and construction building company which registered on Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) in 2016 – 2018. This research is using a sampling method (purposive judgment sampling) for getting 25 from 74 company which registered on Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) with 75 samples. This research using multiple regression analysis.The results from the research provided that the disclosure of operations risk and empowerment risk has a positive and significant effect on stock returns while strategic risk, integrity risk, and information processing and technology risks have no significant effect on stock returns. According to this result provided that more disclosure on operations risk management and the risk of corporate empowerment can affect stock returns as a form of investor reaction, while the things that companies need to pay attention to in voluntary disclosure as additional are influence of strategic risk disclosure, integrity risk, and information processing and technology risks.
Development of Co(OH)xF2−x Nanosheets for Acetone Gas Sensor Applications: Material Characterization and Sensor Performance Evaluation

This study reports the employment of Co(OH)xF2−x nanosheets, a new material in the sensor field, for gas sensor applications. We synthesize Co(OH)xF2−x nanosheets via a hydrothermal route using SiO2 sphere templates. Our material characterization confirms that the material is a densely clustered Co(OH)xF2−x nanosheet with an amorphous microstructure with some short-range ordering. Sensors based on the nanosheets demonstrate a high response of 269% toward 4.5 ppm of acetone gas at an operation temperature of 200 °C and a very low minimum detection limit of 40 ppb. It functions effectively up to a temperature below 300 °C, above which F is found to start to evaporate. Our discussion suggests that an excellent sensor performance arises from the high catalytic function of F incorporated in a high concentration in the material as well as the high specific surface area due to the morphology of densely clustered nanosheets.
Characterizing social media manipulation in the 2020 U.S. presidential election

Democracies are postulated upon the ability to carry out fair elections, free from any form of interference or manipulation. Social media have been reportedly used to distort public opinion nearing election events in the United States and beyond. With over 240 million election-related tweets recorded between 20 June and 9 September 2020, in this study we chart the landscape of social media manipulation in the context of the upcoming 3 November 2020 U.S. presidential election. We focus on characterizing two salient dimensions of social media manipulation, namely (i) automation (e.g., the prevalence of bots), and (ii) distortion (e.g., manipulation of narratives, injection of conspiracies or rumors). Despite being outnumbered by several orders of magnitude, just a few thousands of bots generated spikes of conversations around real-world political events in all comparable with the volume of activity of humans. We discover that bots also exacerbate the consumption of content produced by users with their same political views, worsening the issue of political echo chambers. Furthermore, coordinated efforts carried out by Russia, China and other countries are hereby characterized. Finally, we draw a clear connection between bots, hyper-partisan media outlets, and conspiracy groups, suggesting the presence of systematic efforts to distort political narratives and propagate disinformation. Our findings may have impactful implications, shedding light on different forms of social media manipulation that may, altogether, ultimately pose a risk to the integrity of the election.
Quality variation in comminuted forest fuels delivered during the winter in north Sweden

ABSTRACT Swedish legislation stipulates the precision required for estimates of parameters used to determine the value of various forest fuels. The net energy value of fuel, as it is received, is often used to set the trade price. The estimate of energy content is based on the moisture content of samples taken from each truckload and the weight of the biomass; the ash content and net calorific value are measured a few times each year. Hence, it is necessary to know the variation in moisture content to ensure that a sufficient number of samples are taken, a number based on the allowed variation and precision of estimates, as defined in the legalization. In this study, the variation in moisture content was measured by taking samples from 18 truckloads of comminuted forest fuels during the winter. The results showed that the current sampling regime, i.e., manually taking four samples from each truckload, is sufficient for deliveries with 10 truckloads for logging residue chips and 4 for stem wood chips. The number of samples should be increased to 12–43, 8–21, and, 17–82 depending on assortment for what the measuring act defines as large deliveries (>=50 tonnes; >=3 truckloads), medium-sized deliveries (<50 – >25 tonnes; 2 truckloads) and single truck deliveries (<= 25 tonnes; 1 truckload), respectively. Current research into fast online sampling and analysis methods could resolve this issue for small deliveries.
Elastoplastic Indentation Responses of Nanoporous Film/Substrate System

The elastoplastic indentation responses of a nanoporous film/substrate system to rigid sphere and circular cylindrical punch indenters are simulated by the finite element method. The porous film contains voids in the nanometer scale and arranged in the hexagonal manner. Determination of the macroscopic elastic-plastic properties of the film (i.e., the transverse isotropic indentation modulus, hardness, and yielding stress) using the indentation responses is explored. Obtained results show that the amethods.
Effect of Annealing on the Structural, Magnetic, Surface Energy and Optical Properties of Co32Fe30W38 Films Deposited by Direct-Current Magnetron Sputtering

In this study, a 10–50 nm Co32Fe30W38 alloy thin film sputtered on glass substrates was annealed at different temperatures for 1 h including room temperature (RT), 300, 350, and 400 °C. The structure, magnetic properties, surface energy, and optical properties of the Co32Fe30W38 alloy were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the as-deposited Co32Fe30W38 thin films showed the amorphous structure. The apparent body-centered cubic (BCC) CoFe (110) structure was exhibited after 300 °C annealing for 1 h. The 300 °C annealed Co32Fe30W38 thin film showed the highest CoFe (110) peak compared with other temperatures. Furthermore, the thicker the Co32Fe30W38 thin film, the higher the CoFe (110) peak. The CoFe (110) peak revealed magneto-crystalline anisotropy, which was related to the strong low-frequency alternative-current magnetic susceptibility (χac) and induced an increasing trend of saturation magnetization (Ms) as the thickness (tf) increased. Due to the thermal disturbance, the χac and Ms for the 350 and 400 °C annealed Co32Fe30W38 thin film decreased. The contact angles of the Co32Fe30W38 thin films were less than 90°. For all temperatures, the surface energy increased when the film thickness increased from 10 to 50 nm. In addition, the surface energies for annealed samples were comparatively higher than the as-deposited samples. The higher surface energy of 28 mJ/mm2 was obtained for the 50 nm Co32Fe30W38 thin film annealed at 300 °C. The transmittance percentage (%) of the as-deposited Co32Fe30W38 film was higher than other annealed conditions. This result contributed to the fact that higher crystallization, due to perfect band structures, may inhibit the transmission of photon signals through the film, resulting in low transmittance and high absorption.
Enhancing the interyarn friction properties of kevlar and glass fabrics through ZnO nanowire coating

The interyarn friction properties of fabrics can be enhanced by appropriate surface treatment of fibers. This study focuses on evaluating the interyarn friction properties of Kevlar and Glass fabrics that were coated with ZnO nanowires through different growth cycles. ZnO nanowires were coated onto woven Kevlar and Glass fabrics through a low temperature hydrothermal solution method. Longer growth time coupled with periodic refreshing of growth solution and washing of fabrics was found to be a favorable condition for uniform and precipitate free growth of ZnO nanowires. The effects of ZnO nanowire coating on the tensile and interyarn friction properties of fabrics were measured. In general, after ZnO nanowire coatings, Kevlar fabrics remained equally flexible as that of bare fabric while Glass fabrics became relatively stiff and brittle. The interyarn friction properties of Kevlar fabrics were found to be high under 100 N transverse tension while the transverse tension was found to have negligible or insignificant effect on the interyarn friction properties of Glass fabrics that were used in this research. Compared to bare fabric, Kevlar fabric coated with ZnO nanowires for extended duration showed 266% and 293% increase in yarn pull out load and energy, respectively under 100 N tension. Compared to bare fabric, Glass fabric coated with ZnO nanowires for extended duration showed 517% and 376% increase in yarn pull out load and energy, respectively under 5 N tension. These significant improvements in interyarn friction properties were attributed to mechanical interlocking and accumulation of ZnO nanowires at the intersection of yarns.
Effect of cultural and chemical weed management on weed population and economics in drilled paddy (Oryza sativa L.)

An investigation was conducted at College of Agriculture, Nagpur to study the effect of Weed management in drilled paddy (Oryza sativa L.) during kharif season of 2014-2015. The experiment was laid down in Randomized block design having treatments viz., Control (T1), 2 hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (T2), Butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS (T3), Pretilachlor @ 750g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS(T4), 2, 4 D @ 1000 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T5), Pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T6), Butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + 2, 4 D @ 1000 g a.i.ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T7), Butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i.ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T8), Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + 2, 4 D @ 1000 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T9), Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i.ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T10) thereby making Ten treatment combinations replicated three times. Rice variety PKV- Khamang was used as a test crop. Results revealed that two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (T2) caused significant reduction in population of monocot and dicot weeds as compared to control and it was at par with butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + 2,4-D @ 1000 g a.i. g ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T7), butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T8), pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + 2,4-D @ 1000 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T9) and pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 + pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T10). Lowest dry matter of weeds and higher weed control efficiency was recorded by treatment two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (T2) and it was at par with T7, T8, T9 and T10. Maximum net return and B:C ratio were obtained by treatments two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and was at par with butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + 2,4-D @ 1000 g a.i. g ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS(T7), butachlor @ 1500 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T8), pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 at 7 DAS + 2,4-D @ 1000 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T9) and pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i. ha-1 + pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 at 20 - 25 DAS (T10).
Effect of postharvest application of acetaldehyde vapour on strawberry decay, taste and certain volatiles.

Application of acetaldehyde (AA) vapour (1500-6000 pl litre-') for 4 h, or at a constant concentration of 5000 pl litre-' for durations of I to 4 h, caused changes in the appearance and sensory quality of strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch). Some of these treatments induced rapid production of the volatiles ethanol, ethyl acetate, and ethyl butyrate as found in the strawberry juice. Application of 5000 pl litre-' AA for only 1 h or of 1500 pl litre-' AA for 4 h induced volatiles in modest amounts, which increased fiuit aroma and improved taste as determined by a taste panel. A longer duration (3-4 h) of AA application of 3000-6000 pl litre-' caused Off-Jlavours in the berries. Acetaldehyde treatments for 4 h reduced decay development during storage for 4 days at 5°C following I day at 20°C.