Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stormwater Runoff and Tidal Flooding Transform Dissolved Organic Matter Composition and Increase Bioavailability in Urban Coastal Ecosystems

Coastal drainages contain multiple sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) that influence OM transformation and fate along inland‐to‐marine gradients. Anthropogenic activities have altered DOM composition in urban drainages, thereby influencing in‐stream breakdown rates, primary productivity, and downstream export. Yet, it is uncertain how hydrologic conditions (i.e., rainfall, tides, shallow groundwater) interact with different sources of DOM to regulate the transformation and export of DOM through urban coastal drainages. We characterized how seasonal changes in hydrologic conditions influence DOM composition and bioavailability in tidally influenced drainages in Miami, FL, USA. We estimated the quality and bioavailability of DOM using compositional proxies based on fluorescence spectroscopy, including parallel‐factor analysis, and measured dissolved organic carbon degradation during laboratory incubations containing a local bacterial community. Interactions between stormwater runoff and tidal amplitude increased the bioavailability of DOM and were positively correlated with predominantly humic‐like components in the wet season and protein‐like components in the dry season. Further, increases in tryptophan fluorescence intensity corresponded with elevated concentrations of Escherichia coli and enterococci—likely from waste‐impacted groundwater—and contributed substantially to overall DOM bioavailability. Our results provide new evidence of an urban priming effect in which labile autochthonous DOM from anthropogenic sources facilitates microbial degradation of DOM that is driven by seasonal differences in stormwater runoff and tides. As hydrologic conditions in near‐shore aquatic ecosystems shift with urbanization and climate‐driven changes in sea‐level rise, increases in autochthonous sources of bioavailable DOM may impact ecosystem metabolism and affect the quality of DOM exported downstream.
Teacher Professional Development and Geography Teachers’ Pedagogical Practices for Climate Change Education

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) was added to the South African Geography school curriculum when the Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) was implemented from 2012. Many in-service teachers who qualified prior to 2014 did not cover this concept during their initial teacher education qualification because it was not part of the curriculum at that time. To address this deficiency, a teacher professional development (TPD) module was developed by the Fundisa for Change programme and offered to a selection of in-service high school Geography teachers. Transformative learning theory helped to understand the pedagogical practices used by teachers after attending the Fundisa for Change teacher professional development programme, in particular the use of a learner-centred approach. Using a small-scale, qualitative and interpretive case study method, the influence of this short TPD course on the teaching of climate change in the Geography CAPS curriculum on teachers’ pedagogical practices was investigated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis and lesson observations. Data were analysed using both inductive thematic and deductive analysis. Findings from this small sample of five teachers and their practices suggest that despite attending the programme, most of the participating teachers did not sufficientlyintegrate climate change education in their Geography classroom practices. The majority of the research participants did not implement the learner-centred teaching methods covered in the course. It is therefore recommended that a teacher professional development programme should be incorporated into longer-term and preferably ongoing professional development programmes so as to adequately foster climate change education in classroom practices. Keywords: Geography, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), climate change education, teacher professional development, learner-centred pedagogies
Combined COI barcode‐based methods to avoid mislabelling of threatened species of deep‐sea skates

Skates are characterised by conservative body morphology which hampers identification and leads to frequent taxonomic confusion and market mislabelling. Accurate specimen classification is crucial for reliable stock assessments and effective conservation plans, otherwise the risk of extinction could be unnoticed. The misclassification issue is evident for the genus Dipturus, distributed worldwide, from the continental shelf and slope to the deep sea. In this study, barcode cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) sequences were used along with species delimitation and specimen assignment methods to improve taxonomy and zoogeography of species of conservation interest inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we provided new evidence of the occurence of D. nidarosiensis in the Central‐Western Mediterranean Sea and the lack of Atlantic‐Mediterranean genetic divergence. The Atlantic endangered species D. laevis and D. batis clustered together under the same molecular operational taxonomic unit (MOTU) with any delimitation methods used, while the assignment approach correctly discriminated specimens into the two species. These results provided evidence that the presence of the barcode gap is not an essential predictor of identification success, but the use of different approaches is crucially needed for specimen classification, especially when threshold‐ or tree‐based methods result less powerful. The analyses also showed how different putative, vulnerable, species dwelling across South‐Western Atlantic and South‐Eastern Pacific are frequently misidentified in public sequence repositories. Our study emphasised the limits associated to public databases, highlighting the urgency to verify and implement the information deposited therein in order to guarantee accurate species identification and thus effective conservation measures for deep‐sea skates.
On the internal structure of Serbian -(n)je nominalizations

The paper deals with the internal syntactic structure of deverbal -nje nominals in Serbian. The tests from the licensing of event-related modifiers (by-phrases and instrumental DPs) support the hypothesis that -nje nominals are derived from passive participles by adding the suffix -je (Marvin 2002; Simonović & Arsenijević 2014). Building on Simonović & Arsenijević (2014), I further observe that the licensing of referential and non-referential event modifiers exhibits a complex set of correlations with the aspectual properties of the base, phonological faithfulness to the base, and semantic compositionality. Semantic opacity and phonological unfaithfulness do not always go hand in hand, and I treat them as two separate components of a process of lexicalization, which is syntactically constrained (Marantz 1997). I argue that the presence of full VoiceP structure including a v0 referring to an event diagnosed by the licensing of referential event modifiers (Alexiadou et al. 2014) constitutes a phase, which blocks lexicalization. This structure is present in -nje nominals derived from secondary imperfectives, which always license referential event modifiers and exhibit semantic compositionality and phonological unfaithfulness. Smaller structures derived from perfectives or primary imperfectives do not license referential event modifiers (hence, they do not constitute a full phase), which is what makes them susceptible to lexicalization.
Contrail formation within cirrus: high-resolution simulations using ICON-LEM

Abstract. Contrail formation within natural cirrus introduces large perturbations in cirrus ice crystal number concentrations leading to modifications in cirrus microphysical and optical properties. The number of contrail ice crystals formed in an aircraft plume depends on the atmospheric state and aircraft and fuel properties. Our aim is to study the impact of pre-existing cirrus on the contrail formation processes. We analyze contrail ice nucleation within cirrus and the survival of contrail ice crystals within the vortex phase and their change due to the presence of cirrus ice crystals within the high-resolution ICON-LEM at a horizontal resolution of 625 m over Germany. We have selected two different synoptic situations sampling a large range of cirrus cloud properties from very thick cirrus connected with a frontal system to very thin cirrus within a high-pressure system. We find that contrail formation within cirrus often leads to increases in cirrus ice crystal numbers by a few orders of magnitude. Pre-existing cirrus has an impact on contrail ice crystal number concentrations only if the cirrus is optically thick. In thick cirrus, contrail ice nucleation rates and ice crystal survival rates within the vortex phase are both increased. The sublimation of the cirrus ice crystals sucked into and subsequently sublimated within the aircraft’s engine leads to an increase in the contrail formation threshold by up to 0.7 K which causes an increase in the number of nucleated contrail ice crystals. This increase can be large at lower flight levels where ambient temperatures are close to the contrail formation threshold temperature and when the ice water content of the pre-existing cirrus cloud is large. During the contrail’s vortex phase the aircraft plume is trapped within the descending vortices in which the decrease in plume relative humidity leads to the sublimation of contrail ice crystals. This contrail ice crystal loss can be modified by the cirrus ice crystals that are mixed into the plume before the start of the vortex phase. In particular, high ice crystal number concentrations and large ice water content of the pre-existing cirrus cloud or low contrail ice crystal numbers are associated with significant increases in the contrail ice crystal survival rates.
Optimizing electrodialysis processes for concentrating ammonium rich streams

Ammonia in aqueous environments leads to eutrophication and toxicity of the receiving water body (Metcalf a Eddy, 2003). In order to prevent environmental pollution, ammonia needs to be removed from residual water streams, before the water can be discharged to the aqueous environment (Song et al., 2012). Waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) reduce the ammonia-nitrogen concentration by applying biological treatment technologies. However, the oxidation of ammonia by bacteria requires high amounts of oxygen and consequently has a high energy consumption. The nitrification and denitrification of wastewater requires 15.83 kWh per kg-N (Magri et al., 2013). Moreover, the reject water from the digested sludge contains high amounts of nitrogen, which is fed back to the biological treatment, and can contribute 15-20% of the nitrogen load (Fux et al., 2002). Concentrating ammonium fluxes lead to the production of a concentrated ammonium stream, used as potential energy source in the N2kWh project, and a sweet stream.
Molecular Detection of Bacterial Agents of Atypical Pneumonia: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in Suez Canal region

Background: Atypical bacterial infections played an important role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). It is difficult to detect atypical pathogens by conventional microbiological diagnostic methods. Atypical bacteria do not respond to beta-lactam antibiotics. The use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods enables rapid and simultaneous detection of many pathogens in a single analysis. Aim: detecting the prevalence of atypical bacterial pathogens as etiologic agents of atypical pneumonia, in the Suez Canal region. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted throughout 18 months, from October 2018 to April 2020. It included 84 Egyptians suffered from CA atypical pneumonic patients of all age groups from Suez-Canal region, Egypt. Sputum samples were collected for identification of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophilia by using multiplex PCR. Results: Among the 84 atypical pneumonia patients, L. pneumophila were detected in 12 (14%) patients. M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae were not detected in our samples. Compared with L. pneumophila -negative cases, L. pneumophila -positive cases were more prevalent in middle aged males, smokers, COPD, diabetic and asthmatic patients (P values = 0.048). Persistent cough, elevated levels of C-reactive protein (C-RP), bilateral pulmonary infiltration are significant clues for predicting L. pneumophila pneumonia. Conclusions: L. pneumophila incidence is not low in our geographical region in atypical pneumonia patients. Clinicians should consider atypical bacterial pathogens while prescribing antimicrobial management plan. Keywords: Atypical pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophilia, multiplex-PCR.
Development of a Multihole Atmospheric Plasma Jet for Growth Rate Enhancement of Broccoli Seeds

This work aims to develop a multihole atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) device to increase the plasma area and apply it to a continuous seed treatment system. Broccoli seed was used to study the effects of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet on seed germination and growth rate. An argon flow rate of 4.2 lpm, a plasma power of 412 W, and discharge frequency of 76 kHz were used for seed treatment. The contact angle decreased strongly with the increase in treatment time from 20 s to 80 s. The broccoli seed’s outer surface morphology seemed to have been slightly modified to a smoother surface by the plasma treatment during the treatment time of 80 s. However, the cross-sectional images resulted from Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) confirmed no significant difference between seeds untreated and treated by plasma for 80 s. This result indicates that plasma does not affect the bulk characteristics of the seed but does provide delicate changes to the top thin layer on the seed surface. After seven days of cultivation, the seed treated by plasma for 30 s achieved the highest germination and yield.
What Drives Excess Trading during the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Manuscript type: Research paperResearch aims: This study aims to examine the underlying psychological and sociological factors that drive excess trading in the Malaysian stock market during a global health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach: A self-administered online questionnaire was collected from 271 individual investors to examine the association between big-five personality traits and trading frequency. Demographic information and investment behaviours of investors were also included in the study. The multinomial logit regression model was used to test the research hypotheses. Research findings: Findings show that personality traits such as openness to experience and agreeableness have a significant influence on trading frequency. Demographic factors and investment behaviours such as gender, household income level, years of investment experience and type of investor all have a significant positive relationship with trading frequency. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the current investor behaviour literature in Malaysia, which remains to be very limited, especially during a global health crisis. The study indicates that personality traits, demographic, socio-economic factors, and investment behaviours affect the trading frequency of Malaysian. Practitioner/Policy implication: This study offers insights for financial institutions and individual investors on the type of personality traits, demographic, socio-economic factors, and investment behaviours that drive excess trading during a global health crisis. The findings provide important contributions to avoid serious mistakes in investment analysis and trading profitable investment strategies, thus improving individual and team performance. Research limitation/Implications: Some results are not significant and may be limited due to the small sample size used in this study. Future research could recruit more retail investors to confirm the significance level of those variables. Besides, the study can be conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic to explore whether there is any significant difference in the variables during and after the global health crisis.
Levels and change in autonomous and controlled work motivation in older workers – the role of proximity to retirement and sense of community at work

Previous studies suggest a pre-retirement disengagement process from work, which includes reduced work motivation. In the present study, grounded in self-determination theory, we investigated changes in autonomous and controlled work motivation over two years among participants of the Health, Aging and Retirement Transition in Sweden (HEARTS) study. We found stability in both types of motivation, however, those who retired after the study period showed more distinct declines in autonomous motivation. A better sense of community at work was related to level, but not change in autonomous motivation. Intra-individual fluctuations in the expected retirement age did not predict work motivation or vice versa. Future studies are needed to better understand the antecedents and consequences of pre-retirement declines in autonomous work motivation.
Effect of Vibration to Fatigued Plantar Flexor Muscles on Postural Stability in Healthy Young Adults

Objective: The effects of muscle fatigue appear to elicit a transient means of postural instability; however the recovery of postural stability after fatiguing exercise has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to determine the immediate effect of local vibration applied to fatigued plantar flexor muscles on postural stability in healthy young adults. Design: True Experimental (pre test - post test design with a control group) Setting: A tertiary care center Participations: 42 healthy young adults Intervention: Fatigue of plantar flexors muscles was induced by repeated dynamic contractions performed to maximum exhaustion. Experimental group (n= 21) received local vibration to fatigued muscles with a hand held vibrator whereas the control group (n = 21) received no intervention (rest). Postural stability was assessed using one leg stance test (OLST) under three different conditions viz. pre-fatigue, post-fatigue and post rest/vibration. Results: Comparative analysis of postural stability within the group was done pre-fatigue, post-fatigue and post rest/vibration condition using Kruskal-Wallis test. A significant decrease from pre-fatigue to post-fatigue condition (p-value < 0.001); and a significant increase from post-fatigue to post rest/vibration condition (p-value < 0.001) was observed in OLST in both - control group and experimental group. However, further comparison of OLST between the groups (using unpaired t test) showed a significant difference in post-fatigue condition versus post rest/vibration condition in favour of the experimental group. Conclusion: Plantar flexors fatigue significantly affects one leg stance time in healthy young adults. Results of this study show that there is an immediate effect of vibration to fatigued muscles on recovery of postural stability in healthy young adults. Recovery of postural stability achieved quickly with such a simple tool may help increase the degree of participation in sports and other similar activities which can cause muscles to fatigue. However, more studies are required to determine this effect using other clinical measures.
The Built Environment Dimensions Impact at a Winery

ABSTRACT This research goal was to analyze the built environment dimensions, namely appearance, comfort, configuration, functionality, and the relationship with customer satisfaction, service quality, and product price at a winery in Brazil. A survey was applied to customers, and data analyses were performed using Exploratory Factor Analysis to identify the dimensions and related attributes, followed by Multiple Linear Regression statistical analysis to test the relationships among the dimensions. The findings demonstrate the positive and significant impact of functionality and configuration on service quality and customer satisfaction, whereas functionality positively impacted the product price.
Digital Information Media of the Salman ITB Halal Center in improving Marketing Performance of Halal Lecture Program

The community can make wise use of the existing communication media as well as the growing communication media. The era of connectivity brought many changes to the communication media which is currently known as digital media. Digital media provides many opportunities and advantages for finding and sharing information. The purpose of this research is to look at the digital communication media used in the Halal Lecture program and to see the digital marketing communication process carried out by the Halal Salman ITB center regarding the Halal Lecture program. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. As for the results of this research, the digital information media Instagram is used by the Salman Halal Center ITB to inform and market the Halal Lecture program by paying attention to the elements of the message's purpose. Information and persuasion is conveyed through an e-flyer posted on the official Instagram @salmanitb. Not only that, the public also participates in digital marketing through Whatsapp broadcast messages, personal Instagram stories and Whatsapp stories. Ease of access and reach of digital media are benefits that can be obtained by users, therefore digital media can be applied in various fields of activity ranging from education, campaigns, entertainment, to marketing.
Effect of Microstructures on the Shear Strength of Larix kaempferi

Shear strength is important for the application of Larix kaempferi (Lamb) Carr. The structural difference between earlywood and latewood of Larix kaempferi affects its mechanical properties, especially shear strength. The microstructures of earlywood and latewood in Larix kaempferi, however, are different. In this study, we investigated the shear strength and shear failure mode in the RL direction of 40 Larix kaempferi specimens. The results demonstrated that the initial crack appears in any location of a growth ring, whereas shear failure is concentrated in earlywood, as well as the junction between earlywood and latewood. The destruction of earlywood is the tear destruction, whereas when the destruction happened in the junction of earlywood and latewood, one to three earlywood cells usually adhered to latewood. At the cell wall level, the shear failure of earlywood was mostly observed in the direction of the microfibril angle (MFA). When the crack occurs in latewood, the destruction of latewood also occurs in the intercellular layer and preserves the complete morphology of tracheids. When destruction occurs in the wood ray, the ray cells detach intact from the tracheids. The failure mode is determined by the microstructure of earlywood and latewood. Our research suggests that the density, cell wall thickness, and MFA have significant differences between earlywood and latewood. The earlywood was found to have an MFA of 25.4°, a cell wall thickness of 6.36 µm, and a density of 0.39 g/cm3. The MFA, cell wall thickness, and density of latewood density were 17.60°, 12.37 µm, and 0.78 g/cm3, respectively. However, there was no significant difference found in the crystallinity between the earlywood (43.97%) and latewood (42.79%). The correlation between the microstructures and shear strength showed that earlywood with a thin cell wall, large MFA, and low density had poor shear performance, while the latewood with a thicker tracheid, smaller MFA, and higher density had better shear performance. Therefore, when shear failure occurred, it occurred in earlywood. We thus deduced that the MFA, cell wall thickness, and density of earlywood synergically affect the shear strength in the RL direction of L. kaempferi.