Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of inlet temperature difference on water production and energy of direct contact membrane distillation for brackish water desalination

Membrane distillation is an emerging process that attracts real and increasing interest from aca - demia and industry. It is powered by low grade thermal energy coming for example from waste heat or thermal renewable energy source. This work focuses on experimentally investigating the effect of the inlet temperature difference on the process performance. A membrane distillation unit is operated under coordinated variable inlet temperatures at a fixed difference. Specifically, fixed differences between the inlet feed and permeate temperature of 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C were experi - mentally examined. It is found that a wider inlet temperature difference promotes higher mass flux because it implicitly widens the driving force. 30% enhancement in the mass flux can be obtained by increasing the temperature difference from 30°C to 50°C. Despite being operated under a fixed temperature difference, raising the top brine temperature improves water production because vapor pressure increases exponentially with temperature. The mass flux can be increased by 25% and 125% when the inlet temperature differences increased from 30°C to 40°C and 50°C, respectively. Raising the top brine temperature also reduces both heating and cooling energy consumption as well as increases energy efficiency. It is also found that a top brine temperature of 80°C and an inlet cold temperature of 30°C is more beneficial than using an inlet permeate temperature of 15°C in the sense of 40% lower specific heating consumption, 15% less specific cooling consumption, and 21% higher thermal energy efficiency.
Convective Air Mass Transfer in Submerged Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Superhydrophobic surfaces have received considerable attention in recent years. The surface has a strong water-repellent characteristic that could produce slip flow and drag reduction. The coating traps air within its micropores, such that a submerged moving body experiences shear-free and no-slip regions over, respectively, the air pockets and the solid surface. This, in turn, holds promise for a broad range of applications. Longevity of the entrapped air is an outstanding problem for these coatings. Under pressure and flowing water, the air micropockets eventually dissolve into the ambient water or burst and diminish. Herein, we analyze from first principles an air mass transfer problem. Using integral methods, we extend our prior laminar flow solution to turbulent flows. We introduce an effective slip to the turbulent boundary layer characterized by a modified 1/7-power law velocity profile. We then introduce the hydrodynamic solution to the twodimensional problem of alternating solid‐water and air‐water interfaces to determine the convective mass transfer of air’s dissolution into water. This situation simulates spanwise microridges, which is one of the geometries used for producing superhydrophobic surfaces. The decoupled mass-transfer problem is solvable using an approximate integral method previously optimized by Reynolds, Kays, and Kline (1958). A mass-transfer correlation is derived as a function of the surface geometry (or gas area fraction), Reynolds number, and Schmidt number. Longevity, or time-dependent hydrophobicity, could be estimated from the resulting mass-transfer correlation. As expected, turbulence greatly enhances the rate of convective mass transfer, and thus superhydrophobicity is not maintained as long as it would be under corresponding laminar flow conditions.
WHAT DOES THE ONLINE CHAT BOX TELL: A MIXED STUDY OF STUDENT PARTICIPATION INDICATED BY ONLINE CHAT DATA AND OTHER VARIABLES IN AN ONLINE ENGLISH COURSE

Student participation is essential to both teaching and learning, especially in the online instruction mode. The present study aims to examine student participation and their relations with other variables such as learning outcome and teaching performance in a university English course online. Participants were 84 sophomores of English Education majors at a university who learned an English course on an online learning platform. Both qualitative data from the chat box of the online learning platform and quantitative data of students’ final scores and their scores of course evaluation were employed. Follow-up semi-structured interviews were also conducted to provide further insights into the findings. Results showed that student participation indicated by the online chat data was extensive and active, with all participants engaged and an average of 112 messages sent per student over the semester in the online English course. Further correlational analyses found that student participation was not significantly correlated with either learning outcome indicated by students’ final scores or teaching performance indicated by their course evaluation scores. However, interview data revealed that online chat boxes had contributed to lower-risk and more active online participation in several ways including attenuating participation apprehension, improving concentration on instruction and building a learning community. Implications of the findings were discussed and suggestions for future research were provided. Article visualizations:
Modeling atmospheric brown carbon in the GISS ModelE Earth system model

Brown carbon (BrC) is an absorbing organic aerosol, primarily emitted through biomass burning, that exhibits light absorption unique from both black carbon (BC) and other organic aerosols (OA). Despite many field and laboratory studies seeking to constrain BrC properties, the radiative forcing of BrC is still highly uncertain. To better understand it’s climate impact, we introduced BrC to the One-Moment Aerosol (OMA) module of the GISS ModelE Earth system model 15 (ESM). We assessed ModelE sensitivity to primary BrC processed through a novel chemical aging scheme, as well as secondary BrC formed from biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Initial results show BrC typically contributes a top of the atmosphere (TOA) radiative effect of 0.04 W m -2 . Sensitivity tests indicate that explicitly simulating BrC (separating it from other OA), including secondary BrC, and simulating chemical bleaching of BrC all contribute distinguishable radiative effects and should be accounted for in BrC schemes. This addition of prognostic BrC to ModelE 20 allows for greater physical and chemical complexity in OA representation with no apparent trade-off in model performance as evaluation of ModelE aerosol optical depth, with and without the BrC scheme, against AERONET and MODIS retrieval data reveals similar skill in both cases. Thus, BrC should be explicitly simulated to allow for more physically based chemical composition, which is crucial for more detailed OA study like comparisons to in-situ measurement campaigns
Mesophotic mushroom coral records at Brunei Darussalam support westward extension of the Coral Triangle to the South China Sea waters of Northwest Borneo

This communication reports the discovery of two additional fungiid coral species, Cycloseris hexagonalis and Lithophyllon spinifer, from a relatively deep shelf reef in Brunei waters. These new records plus two earlier excluded ones, Cycloseris explanulata and C. wellsi, raise the known number of mushroom coral species at this Northwest Borneo location to 37 which is comparable to the number (n=35) reported for reefs of the nearby Tungku Abdul Rahman Park/Kota Kinabalu area, outside but close to the currently recognized northwest boundary of the zone of maximum marine biodiversity, the Coral Triangle (CT). The fungiid species richness at Brunei is compared with those of other sites in this eastern part of the South China Sea (SCS), and the adjacent westernmost CT ecoregion. A relatively high or comparable mushroom coral richness at all these sites, a richness which is higher than several central CT reef ecoregions, supports the argument for a westward shift of the CT boundary to the SCS waters of Northwest Borneo.
Ilomata International Journal of Management

Citation: Mubarok, E. S. , Kurniawan, A. , Hidayat, R. , Hia, A. K. , & Bandawaty, E. (2022). Determinant of Customer of Loyalty in Healthcare Industry : Mediating Role of Customer Trust. Ilomata International Journal of Management, 3(1),370-390. https://doi.org/10.52728/ijjm.v3i1. 406 ABSTRACT: This research aimed at understanding the effect of service quality, clinic image, and price/tariff on patient trust and loyalty. The multivariate analysis with descriptively and explanatorily-quantitative method was used for this research. The samples of the research were 120 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire instrument and was subsequently analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this research concluded that the service quality and price/tariff had a significant effect on trust and clinic image had no significant effect on patient trust. The quality of service, clinic image, and price/tariff had a significant effect on patient loyalty, while trust had no significant effect on patient loyalty. Trust can mediate the effect of clinical image on patient loyalty. However, trust cannot mediate the effect of service quality and price/tariff on patient loyalty. The strength value of the dependent variable shown by the calculation of multiple correlation values (R2), both trust and patient loyalty are significant.
Indonesian Redesigned Curriculum: Teachers’ Recognition Profiles and Perception of Its Implementation and Impacts

This research described the teachers’ recognition profiles, perception of the implementation of the Freedom to Learn policy before the launch of the new curriculum, and perception of the impacts of the Indonesian newest curriculum. The data were obtained from the responses of 309 teachers in Malang, Indonesia. The teachers’ recognition profile was derived from the Scopus, ORCID, and Sinta ID. The teachers were assigned to respond to an online survey adopted from the Directorate General of Higher Education. The survey contained 12 questions related to the implementation of freedom to learn before the launch of the newest curriculum, teachers’ involvement and the impacts of the newest curriculum. The data of recognition and perceptions were analysed descriptively, while the influence was analysed statistically using multiple regression. The results of the analysis demonstrate that most of the teachers have an ORCID ID. The vast majority of the teachers perceive that the Freedom to Learn policy is fair in the implementation. Additionally, they think that the newest curriculum provides sufficient to very significant improvement for students’ learning and teacher’s involvement. Only ORCID ID was found to significantly influence teachers’ perception of the Freedom to Learn policy, but it does not provide a significant influence on perceptions of the impacts of the newest curriculum. This research affirms the strong need to socialize the new curriculum to the education stakeholders more comprehensively and intensively. It is also critical to encourage teachers to engage in article writing activities as a form of continuous professional development.
The Green Credit Policy Impact on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks: A Quasi-Natural Experiment from China

Green credit is an important manifestation of commercial banks’ environmental responsibility, but few studies have examined the impact of green credit policies on the fnancial performance of commercial banks. Based on the panel data of 62 commercial banks in China from 2013 to 2020, this paper investigates the changes in fnancial performance due to the implementation of green credit policies in 2016 using the diference-in-diferences (DID) method and explores the mediating mechanism of green credit afecting commercial banks’ proft. Te sample was divided into a treatment and a control group. Te treatment group disclosed total green credit data during the sample period, while the control group did not. Te fndings of this paper are as follows: (1) the implementation of the green credit policy increases the profts of commercial banks. (2) Te green credit policy improves the profts of commercial banks by increasing their noninterest income and reducing their nonperforming loan ratios. (3) Te green credit policy does not improve commercial banks’ proft by reducing their cost-to-income ratios. (4) Te implementation of the green credit policy signifcantly improves the profts of banks with low (vs. high) nonperforming loan ratios. (5) Compared to large national banks, regional urban and agricultural commercial banks’ profts improve more signifcantly after executing the green credit policy. Te research contribution of this paper provides a quantitative basis for Chinese commercial banks to improve their fnancial performance through the implementation of green credit in recent years and for the government to further improve green credit policies to motivate banks to implement green credit and achieve sustainable development. Ten, we further discuss the implications for the prominent theoretical and managerial policies, study’s limitations, and future research directions.
The Sustainability of Community Empowerment as Development Strategies: The Experience of Indonesia

Empowerment is a development initiative used to strengthen the social, cultural, and economic values of a community. Over the years, Indonesia has experienced various poverty alleviation and development programs such as the IDT (Presidential Instruction for Disadvantaged Villages), PPK (Kecamatan Development Project), PNPM (National Program for Community Empowerment) and the formation of Village Laws. Empowerment strategies are one of the processes used for local economic development in Indonesia. Community empowerment is a perfect evolution for local development in Indonesia; therefore, communities need to adequately participate in the process to achieve the required agenda. This study reviews the experiences associated with development implementation in Indonesian communities. The outcome of this paper is to provide a complete overview of the concepts, theories, approaches, and implementation practices of community empowerment as a development strategy in Indonesia. It also evaluates and assesses the meaning of sustainability of empowerment in each development agenda.
RSC Chemical Biology

Labelling of nucleic acids as biologically important cellular components is a crucial prerequisite for the visualization and understanding of biological processes. Eﬃcient bioorthogonal chemistry and in particular cycloadditions fullfill the requirements for cellular applications. The broadly applied Cu( I )- catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), however, is limited to labellings in vitro and in fixed cells due to the cytotoxicity of copper salts. Currently, there are three types of copper-free cycloadditions used for nucleic acid labelling in the cellular environment: (i) the ring-strain promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), (ii) the ‘‘photoclick’’ 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, and (iii) the Diels–Alder reactions with inverse electron demand (iEDDA). We review only those building blocks for chemical synthesis on solid phase of DNA and RNA and for enzymatic DNA and RNA preparation, which were applied for labelling of DNA and RNA in situ or in vivo , i.e. in the cellular environment, in fixed or in living cells, by the use of bioorthogonal cycloaddition chemistry. Additionally, we review the current status of orthogonal dual and triple labelling of DNA and RNA in vitro to demonstrate their potential for future applications in situ or in vivo .
Clinical influencing factors affecting pulmonary hypertension in hemodialysis patients

Background The fluid status and rate of blood flow through the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) are two important factors affecting hemodynamic in hemodialysis patients; however, their effects on pulmonary hypertension have rarely been studied. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the effects of these factors in hemodialysis patients with pulmonary hypertension. Methods This single-center cross-sectional survey included 219 maintenance hemodialysis patients (139 [63.5%] male). The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension was 13.6% (30 of 219). Pulmonary artery pressure was measured by echocardiography, fluid status was measured objectively using bioimpedance spectroscopy, and blood flow rate in the AVF (Qa) was determined using Doppler ultrasound. Results The overall mean overhydration before hemodialysis was 1.5 L (range, 0.6-2.8 L). The mean overhydration in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension was 3.6 L (range, 2.3-4.6 L) and 1.4 L (range, 0.6-2.4 L), respectively (p < 0.001). The overall mean Qa was 780 mL/min (range, 570-1,015.5 mL/min). The mean Qa of patients with and without pulmonary hypertension was 672 mL/min (range, 505.7-982.2 mL/min) and 790 mL/min (range, 591-1,026 mL/min), respectively (p = 0.27). Overhydration (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.97; p = 0.01), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.09-1.71; p = 0.007), and left atrial diameter (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01-1.28; p = 0.03) were risk factors. Conclusion Pulmonary hypertension is strongly associated with overhydration, NT-proBNP, and left atrial diameter in hemodialysis patients.
A case study on the formation and evolution of ice supersaturation in the vicinity of a warm conveyor belt ’ s outflow region

A case study is presented on the formation and evolution of an ice-supersaturated region (ISSR) that was detected by a radiosonde in NE Germany at 06:00 UTC 29 November 2000. The ISSR was situated in the vicinity of the outflow region of a warm conveyor belt associated with an intense event of cyclogenesis in the eastern North Atlantic. Using ECMWF analyses and trajectory calculations it is determined when the air parcels became supersaturated and later subsaturated again. In the case considered, the state of air parcel supersaturation can last for longer than 24 h. The ISSR was unusually thick: while the mean vertical extension of ISSRs in NE Germany is about 500 m, the one investigated here reached 3 km. The ice-supersaturated region investigated was bordered both vertically and horizontally by strongly subsaturated air. Near the path of the radiosonde the ISSR was probably cloud free, as inferred from METEOSAT infrared images. However, at other locations within the ISSR it is probable that there were cirrus clouds. Relative humidity measurements obtained by the Lindenberg radiosonde are used to correct the negative bias of the ECMWF humidity and to construct two-dimensional maps of ice supersaturation over Europe during the considered period. A systematic backward trajectory analysis for the ISSRs on these maps shows that the ISSR air masses themselves experienced only a moderate upward motion during the previous days, whereas parts of the ISSRs were located just above strongly ascending air masses from the boundary layer. This indicates qualitatively that warm conveyor belts associated with mid-latitude cyclogenesis are disturbances that can induce the formation of ISSRs in the upper troposphere. The ISSR maps also lead us to a new perception of ISSRs as large dynamic regions of supersaturated air where cirrus clouds can be embedded at some locations while there is clear air at others. Correspondence to: P. Spichtinger (peter.spichtinger@dlr.de)
High-gain observer for 3x3 linear heterodirectional hyperbolic systems

The problem of High-Gain Observer Design is addressed for a class of 3 × 3 inhomogeneous linear hyperbolic systems with possibly distinct characteristic velocities and considering distributed measurement of part of the state. Applying an inﬁnite-dimensional state transformation, the system is mapped into a new set of partial diﬀerential equations, satisfying an appropriate form for observer design. The observer includes output correction terms and also spatial derivatives of the output, and ensures arbitrarily fast state estimation. The result is illustrated with a simulated example
Intracranial Arterial Stenosis A Standardized Method for Measuring

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Atherosclerosis of the major intracranial arteries is an important cause of ischemic stroke. We established measurement criteria to assess percent stenosis of a major intracranial artery (carotid, middle cerebral, vertebral, basilar) and determined the interobserver/intraobserver agreements and interclass/intraclass correlations of these measurements. METHODS: We deﬁned percent stenosis of an intracranial artery as follows: percent stenosis (cid:53) [(1 (cid:50) (D stenosis /D normal ))] (cid:51) 100, where D stenosis (cid:53) the diameter of the artery at the site of the most severe stenosis and D normal (cid:53) the diameter of the proximal normal artery. If the proximal segment was diseased, contingency sites were chosen to measure D normal : distal artery (second choice), feeding artery (third choice). Using a hand-held digital caliper, three neuro-radiologists independently measured D stenosis and D normal of 24 stenotic intracranial arteries. Each observer repeated the readings 4 weeks later. We determined how frequently two ob-servers’ measurements of percent stenosis of each of the 24 diseased arteries differed by 10% or less. RESULTS: Among the three pairs of observers, interobserver agreements were 88% (observer 1 versus observer 2), 79% (observer 1 versus observer 3), 75% (observer 2 versus observer 3) for the ﬁrst reading and were 75% (observer 1 versus observer 2), 100% (observer 1 versus observer 3), and 71% (observer 2 versus observer 3) for the second reading. Intraob-server agreement for each of the observers was 88%, 83%, and 100%. Interclass correlation was 85% (ﬁrst reading) and 87% (second reading). Intraclass correlation was 92% (ﬁrst and second readings
Estimating the Refractive Index Structure Parameter () over the Ocean Using Bulk Methods.

Abstract Infrared scintillation measurements were obtained along a 7-km path over San Diego Bay concurrently with meteorological measurements obtained from a buoy at the midpoint of the path. Bulk estimates of the refractive index structure parameter were computed from the buoy data and compared with scintillation-derived values. The bulk estimates agreed well with the scintillation measurements in unstable conditions. In stable conditions the bulk estimates became increasingly higher than the scintillation values as the air–sea temperature difference increased. This disagreement may be due to enhanced wave-induced mixing of the lower atmosphere that decreases the vertical temperature and humidity gradients in stable conditions from the assumed Monin–Obukhov similarity (MOS) theory forms, resulting in bulk values that are too high. The bulk estimates decrease rapidly when the absolute air–sea temperature difference approaches small positive values. These predicted decreases in were not observed in either .