Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Bayesian Reasoning in Everyday Life and Science

: Bayesian reasoning has been proved to be an important component of the human cognition. The present work studies the importance of Bayesian reasoning in the everyday life providing a series of characteristic applications of the Bayes’ rule and the conditional probab ilities. It is shown that the Bayes rule could be considered as an interface between the traditional bivalent logic and the Zadeh’s infinite -valued fuzzy logic. The importance of the Bayesian reasoning for the whole science is also theoretically justified.
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HEAD START HANDICAPPED EFFORT Prepared by : Division of Special Education and Rehabilitation

ABSTRACT \ Reviewed is research in early childhood and special education said to have potential relevance for the development of Head StaIrt services for handicapped children. Discussed is research over the past 15 years in two main areas: preschool intervention programs, and critical issues affecting the development of handicapped children and their families. Conclusions are summarized such as that recent preschool and intervention studies have attempted to place greater emphasis on a more total family and community . involvement, and that most preschool intervention programs have excluded multiply handicapped and demonstrably disabled children. Implications of the research are seen to include the need for Head Start programs to provide services for handicapped children and their families at much earlier ages, and the need for development of a realistic.anageable pedagogy for integrated preschool programs.
ANTEPARTUM DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG ANTENATAL WOMEN IN NORTHERN KERALA- A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

18 version of SPSS, appropriate descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used in the study. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 26.8 years with a range of 19–40years. Majority (87%) of them were in the age group of 20–35 years. 53.8% belongs to Hindu religion,35.7 % have secondary education,69% were home makers ,51.4% belongs to BPL category,81.4% had arranged marriage and 78.1% belongs to three generation family. Figure 1 shows that 40.5% of participants have APDS, who scored ≥9 on EPDS. The mean APDS score was 8.5 with a SD of 5.21. ABSTRACT Depression is the most frequent psychiatric disorder that women face throughout their perinatal period. As the pregnancy proceeds, the risk of antenatal depression rises, and clinically severe depressive symptoms are quiet common in last trimesters. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms (APDS) and its associated risk factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal outpatient department (OPD) at Institute of Maternal and child health (IMCH) ,Kozhikode. Two hundred antenatal women were screened for APDS using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Screening Scale (EPDS). The prevalence of APDS among antenatal women was 40.5% . History of illness in present pregnancy, previous pregnancy, fetal well- being, history of mental illness, fear of birth and social support were signicantly associated with APDS. Pregnancy has a high prevalence of depressive symptoms, necessitating frequent screening during antenatal checkup to detect APDS and integrating mental health service with perinatal care.
University of Birmingham Enumerating solution-free sets in the integers

Given a linear equation L , a set A ⊆ [ n ] is L -free if A does not contain any ‘non-trivial’ solutions to L . In this paper we consider the following three general questions: (i) What is the size of the largest L -free subset of [ n ]? (ii) How many L -free subsets of [ n ] are there? (iii) How many maximal L -free subsets of [ n ] are there? We completely resolve (i) in the case when L is the equation px + qy = z for ﬁxed p,q ∈ N where p ≥ 2. Further, up to a multiplicative constant, we answer (ii) for a wide class of such equations L , thereby reﬁning a special case of a result of Green [15]. We also give various bounds on the number of maximal L -free subsets of [ n ] for three-variable homogeneous linear equations L . For this, we make use of container and removal lemmas of Green [15].
Removal of chromium and strontium from aqueous solutions by adsorption on laterite

: To investigate the adsorptive properties of a local laterite deposited in Chenzhou, Hunan province, China, the adsorptive properties of the natural laterite were investigated by batch technique in this study. The effects of contact time, pH, ionic strength, temperature, and the concentration on adsorption properties were also analyzed. The obtained experimental results show that the main mineral compo sition of laterite is kaolinite and montmorillonite. The adsorption process achieved equilibrium within 60 minutes and 90 minutes for Sr(II) and Cr(VI), respectively. The adsorption capacities for Cr(VI) and Sr(II) by the laterite were about 7.25 mg ∙ g -1 and 8.35 mg ∙ g -1 under the given experimental conditions, respectively. The equilibrium adsorption data were ﬁ tted to results
Intuitive Understanding of Flicker Noise Reduction via Narrowing of Conduction Angle in Voltage-Biased Oscillators

This brief aims to intuitively explain and numerically verify the observed phenomenon of flicker noise reduction in oscillators of reduced conduction angle (i.e., in class-C), which has been presented in literature but never properly explained. The flicker phase noise in a voltage-biased oscillator capable of operating in class-B and class-C is compared and numerically verified using a commercial simulation model of TSMC 28-nm CMOS. We illustrate how narrowing the conduction angle can suppress the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1/{f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> noise up-conversion by decreasing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1/{f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> noise exposure to the <italic>asymmetric</italic> rising and falling edges of oscillation waveform. The effects of implicit common-mode tank in the class-C operation is also discussed. We further clarify ambiguities among several simulation methods of impulse sensitivity function (ISF) based on periodic small-signal analysis [periodic AC or periodic transfer function (PXF)], which is a key tool in understanding the flicker noise up-conversion. A clearer ISF simulation method based on positive sidebands of PXF is proposed.
Effect of organic source of nitrogen on growth and quality of local onion ( Allium cepa var. aggregatum Don.)

The present research was conducted to study the “Effect of Organic Source of Nitrogen on Growth and Yield of Local Onion ( Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum Don.)” in rabi season 2018-19 in the research field of Department of Horticulture, COA, CAU, Imphal from October, 2018 to February, 2019. The experiment was layout in Randomized Block Design (RBD) constituting 7 treatments replicated three times. The treatment combinations were as follows; T 1 : 100% RDN by FYM, T 2 : 100% RDN by Poultry manure, T 3 : 100% RDN by Vermicompost, T 4 : 100% RDN by Pig manure, T 5 : 100% RDN by Mustard cake, T 6 : RDF (100 :50 :50 Kg NPK/ha), T 7 : Control (0). During the experiment observations related to growth, quality parameters were recorded. From the present investigation, it was observed that growth parameters such as Plant height (cm), Leaf length (cm), Number of leaves, Leaf area (cm 2 ), canopy (cm 2 ) was observed highest in T 6 and lowest was recorded in the treatment T 7 : Control (0). Quality parameters such as TSS was highest in case of treatment T 6 (11.95 0 Brix) and Dry matter was recorded highest in T 6 (9.22%) which is on par with the T 1 (9.18%) at harvest.
CORE SKILLS IN ICT – SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ACADEMIC AND GREY LITERATURE

Summary: This paper introduces a systematic literature review as a tool for both training (TNA) and learning (LNA) needs analyses. Additionally, given the systematic approach it presents findings on core skills in ICT industries obtained using both academic and grey literature analyses applied few and far between by scholars. In particular, the aim of the paper is to show systematic literature review as valuable not only in an academic field (namely for scientists, scholars, and researchers) but also for practitioners. Therefore, it is claimed to be useful for companies interested in employees’ development and training as well as for educational institutions interested in tailoring of their training programs and educational offer to business requirements and students’ needs.
HOW TO GENERATE LOYALTY THROUGH SERVICE QUALITY IN PHARMACIES? MEDIATING ROLE OF TRUST

: Present study was conducted to analyze the influence of service quality on loyalty in pharmacies along with the mediating role of trust. Customers are more conscious about quality of services especially in case of purchasing medicines. Trust is also an important part to enhance the loyalty of customers in pharmacies. For the purpose of data collection non-probability convenient sampling was used. After analysis of data it was found that there was positive and significant impact of service quality on trust as well as loyalty of customers. Furthermore it also found that trust also has a positive relationship with customer loyalty. Further analysis shows that trust plays a role as mediator between the relationship of service quality and loyalty of the customers. Findings of this study will help to policy makers or marketing managers of pharmaceutical chains to understand the importance of service quality which leads to loyalty of customers.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Advancing our Understanding of Team Motivation: Integrating Conceptual Approaches and Content Areas

Although research on team motivation has been one of the fastest growing research domains in organizational science, progress in this domain has been hampered by a lack of integrative reviews. Thus, we develop a theoretical framework in this article to summarize and discuss different conceptual approaches to team motivation for the following six content areas: team design, team needs, team goals, team self-regulation, team efficacy, and team affect. Our framework organizes previous research according to two dimensions. First, we assess the degree of interdependence between team members’ motivational states, differentiating between models that conceptualize team motivation as functionally equivalent to individual level motivation and models that conceptualize team motivation as a truly collective phenomenon. Second, we assess the extent to which research conceptualizes team motivation as a dynamic phenomenon that evolves over time, with static models of team motivation and dynamic models of team motivation demarcating the opposite ends of this continuum. With this framework, we show that previous research on team motivation has overemphasized conceptual similarities between motivation constructs at the individual and team levels of analysis. We address this shortcoming by developing a theory of interdependent regulatory dynamics. This theory emphasizes the interdependent and dynamic nature of team motivation. It depicts the processes in which team members decide how to allocate their efforts and resources between individual goals and team goals, and it identifies the multiple pathways through which teams coordinate and regulate their collective efforts over time.
Comparative Study on Morphological, Physiological and Molecular Genetic Diversity Analysis in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

: Genetic diversity of 21 rice varieties was analyzed in respect of 13 morphological traits, 14 physiological traits and at molecular level employing 34 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. The Spearman’s rank correlation value between ranking of morphological genetic distances and ranking of SSR Nei distances were found highly significant (r = 0.321) which reveals strong association between these distances. On the other hand, Spearman’s rank correlation value was not significant between ranking of physiological genetic distances and ranking of SSR Nei distances (r = -0.00179*) and between ranking of morphological genetic distances and ranking of physiological genetic distances (r = 0.129). These results reveal that there is not significant association between these genetic distances. From the rank correlation values, it was found that SSR marker based genetic diversity was the most effective in genetic distance determination and grouping of the genotypes, followed by morphological genetic diversity analysis. Physiological genetic diversity was found to be less effective in studying genetic diversity. From the result of this study, it was found that combination of morphological and molecular markers may be useful in studying genetic diversity of rice for conservation, breeding and other crop improvement activities.
Effect of Polymer Concentration on Salt Rejection of Polysulfone Membrane

A newly fabricated microfiltration membrane was used to evaluate the effect of polysulfone concentration on salt rejection for seawater. The material chosen in this study was polysulfone (PSF). The dope formulation was gathered from past researches via literature review. The gathered formulation were 10:89:1, 15:84:1, 20:79:1 and 25:74:1 based on weight to weight percentage (wt%) for PSF:NMP:PVP composition. The formulations were named as PSF1, PSF2, PSF3 and PSF4. The membranes were fabricated by using dry wet phase inversion method with pneumatically control flat sheet systems. The membranes were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to understand the morphology and surface pore size. 25 liters of seawater was collected from Port Dickson beach in Malaysia to evaluate water flux and salt rejection for each membrane sample. SEM images result shows that membrane pore size decreases by PSF1 > PSF2 > PSF4 > PSF3. PSF1 have the highest pore size ranging from 1.83 μm to 2.57 μm. Meanwhile, PSF3 have the lowest pore size among all samples used, which is 273 nm – 542 nm. Cross sectional structure shows fingerlike structure and skin layers developing on the membrane. Water flux test shows a decrement from PSF1 > PSF2 > PSF3 > PSF4. The highest water flux was recorded at 12.5 l/m 2 . hr, and the lowest was at 1.1 l/m 2 . hr. For salt rejection, PSF4 recorded the highest rejection of 62% while PSF1 recorded the lowest rejection, which is 10.5%. This shows that the increment of polysulfone concentration in membrane solution would decrease water flux while increasing water rejection at the same time. The best membrane formulation in this research is PSF2 with PSF:NMP:PVP at 15:84:1.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University

The spatial features of emitted wireless signals are the basis of location distinction and determination for wireless indoor localization. Available in mainstream wireless signal measurements, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) has been adopted in vast indoor localization systems. However, it suffers from dramatic performance degradation in complex situations due to multipath fading and temporal dynamics. Break-through techniques resort to ﬁner-grained wireless channel measurement than RSSI. Different from RSSI, the PHY layer power feature, channel response, is able to discriminate multipath characteristics, and thus holds the potential for the convergence of accurate and pervasive indoor localization. Channel State Information (CSI, reﬂecting channel response in 802.11 a/g/n) has attracted many research efforts and some pioneer works have demonstrated submeter or even centimeter-level accuracy. In this article, we survey this new trend of channel response in localization. The differences between CSI and RSSI are highlighted with respect to network layering, time resolution, frequency resolution, stability, and accessibility. Furthermore, we investigate a large body of recent works and classify them overall into three categories according to how to use CSI. For each category, we emphasize the basic principles and address future directions of research in this new and largely open area.
Nerve growth factor enhances cough and airway obstruction via TrkA and TRPV1 receptor - dependent mechanisms

Background: Nerve (NGF) hyperalgesia its role cough is unknown. Objectives: In this study we investigated the effects of NGF on the cough reflex and airway caliber in guinea pigs. We also assessed the involvement of the tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) receptors, and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) - dependent pathway on any NGF-induced effects on cough and airway obstruction. Methods: Guinea pigs were placed in a transparent whole body plethysmograph box. Cough was assessed visually, acoustically and by analysis of the flow signal. Airway obstruction was measured using enhanced pause (Penh) as an index. Results: Exposure of guinea pigs to NGF did not induce a cough response nor a significant airway obstruction. However, exposure of guinea pigs to NGF immediately before citric acid inhalation resulted in a significant increase in the citric acid-induced cough and airway obstruction compared to vehicle treated animals. Pre-treatment with the TrkA receptor antagonist, K252a, or the TRPV1 antagonist, iodoresiniferatoxin, significantly inhibited the NGF enhanced cough and airway obstruction. Exposure to NGF also increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, but pretreatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, did not affect either the NGF enhanced cough or airway obstruction despite preventing the NGF-induced elevation in p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Conclusions: The data show that NGF can enhance both cough and airway obstruction via a mechanism that involves the activation of TrkA and TRPV1 receptors but not the p38 MAPK - dependent pathway.
Developments of the Albanian Insurance Market in the Framework of the MTPL Insurance Liberalization

— Aim of this paper is to present the challenges and developments of the Albanian insurance market during the process of its liberalization. Consequently the insurance market has shown instability with regard to the fluctuations of the premium levels. A fair pricing based on the market conditions is one of the biggest challenges of the albanian insurance market. By means of an econometric model, the correlation between the liberalization process and profitability of insurance companies has been shown. This paper discusses also the efficiency of the Bonus-Malus System, which is expected to be implemented in Albania in 2018 in order to stabilize the insurance market. In this regard the elasticity according to Loimaranta (1972) is calculated for Albania. As the Bonus-Malus System is already implemented in other region countries, the paper suggests that in addition to the advantages this system can bring, there is also the risk of the phenomenon known in the literature as “ Hunger for Bonus”, according to which, people tend to not report the claims. Under such conditions the result would be a lower claim frequency deriving from the non-reporting of claims and not from the implementation of the Bonus-Malus System. The implementation of the Bonus-Malus system must be accompanied by an increase of anti-fraud measures.
Síndrome de Irvine-Gass aguda bilateral após cirurgia de catarata sem paciente sem fatores de risco sistêmicos Acute bilateral Irvine-Gass Syndrome following uneventful cataract surgery in a patient without systemic risk factors

We herein report a patient without risk factors who presented acute bilateral Irvine-Gass syndrome after uneventful phacoemulsification. The novelty of our case lies on the fact that the patient presented acute bilateral Irvine-Gass syndrome without a predisposing systemic disease. Even though Cystoid Macular Edema (CME) was somehow expected in the first eye because of the ocular history of trauma, prophylactic measures were not strong enough to avoid its development. Furthermore, those measures could not avoid developing CME in the second eye. A 44-years-old male who underwent cataract surgery in both eyes presented bilateral Irvine-Gass syndrome. Despite prophylactic measures, both eyes developed CME after uneventful cataract surgery. Regular treatment options could not solve the situation and intravitreal Anti-VEGF injections were needed. Bilateral cases of Irvine-Gass Syndrome are rare and generally associated with systemic risk factors. Patients who developed CME following their first cataract surgery should be counseled about the risks of developing the condition following surgery on the contralateral eye. On top of that, aggressive prophylactic measures should be encouraged to prevent CME in these cases.
From STS to multicomponent working memory STS to multicomponent working memory: the role of the modal model

The term “modal model” reflects the importance of Atkinson and Shiffrin’s paper in capturing the major developments in the cognitive psychology of memory that were achieved over the previous decade, providing an integrated framework that has formed the basis for many future developments. The fact that it is still the most cited model from that period some 50 years later has, we suggest, implications for the model itself and for theorising in psychology more generally. We review the essential foundations of the model before going on to discuss briefly the way in which one of its components, the short-term store had influenced our own concept of a multicomponent working memory. This is followed by a discussion of recent challenges to the multicomponent approach. These include claims that the concept of a short-term store be replaced by an interpretation in terms of activated long-term memory and whether existing evidence justifies inclusion of specialised modality-specific stores. We present reasons to question these proposals. We conclude with a brief discussion of the implications of the longevity of the modal model for styles of theorising in cognitive psychology.
MINIREVIEW Transcription-Repair Coupling and Mutation Frequency Decline

Mutation frequency decline (MFD) is the rapid and irreversible decrease in the frequency of certain damage-induced mutations that occurs in Escherichia coli when protein synthesis is transiently inhibited immediately after the damaging treatment (49). Transcription-repair coupling (TRC) is the preferential repair of transcribed regions at a faster rate compared to the rest of the genome (5). These two phenomena
Participation of individual chromosomes in constitutive cytogenetic abnormalities of cattle

The purpose. To study participation of individual chromosomes in constitutive cytogenetic abnormalities of cattle. Methods. Cultivation of lymphocytes, preparation of cytogenetic specimens. Grading and the record-keeping aberrations of chromosomes was realized under practical standards. Results. The frequency of participation of individual chromosomes in chromosomal rearrangement were studied. It was found that the most frequently happening chromosomal breaks were the following: 20.0% for the first chromosome, 16.0%, for the second one, 8.5% and 7.0% for the thirteenth and the twenty-first chromosomes accordingly. The breaks occurred in places between euchromatin and heterochromatin chromosome segments, as it was displayed by the results of differently colored samples analysis. Conclusions. The gained experimental data testify to the following: frequency of participation of individual chromosomes in constitutive cytogenetic abnormalities can be used as an index of non-specific destabilization of the chromosomal apparatus of animals.