Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of online emotional support accompany group for stress: The role of social support

Objective To investigate the effect of social support on stress, and to clarify the effect and mechanism of Online Emotional Support Accompany Group (OESAG). Methods The group members who signed up for the public welfare project “Psychological Rehabilitation Group Psychological Service under the COVID-19 Pandemic” were divided into the treatment group, the control group, and the blank group with 37 members each. The treatment group received OESAG intervention, the control group received online time management group intervention, and the blank group was the waiting group. The three groups of subjects were synchronously tested before and after the intervention group. Results After the OESAG intervention, compared with the control group and the blank group, the treatment group showed that perceived social support was improved, and loneliness and stress were decreased. Conclusion Improving social support can effectively reduce stress. OESAG can effectively improve social support and so too decrease stress. This study could help in designing effective psychological intervention measures to reduce the degree of stress symptoms and enhance both personal and social levels of coping with stressful events.
Innate immunity in pancreatic cancer: Lineage tracing and function

Increasingly, patients with gastrointestinal tumors can benefit from immunotherapy, but not patients with pancreatic cancer. While this lack of benefit has been attributed to lower T-cell infiltration in pancreatic cancer, other studies have demonstrated the presence of numerous T cells in pancreatic cancer, suggesting another mechanism for the poor efficacy of immunotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing studies on the pancreatic cancer immune microenvironment have demonstrated the predominance of innate immune cells (e.g., macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and innate immune lymphoid cells). Therefore, in-depth research on the source and function of innate immune lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer could guide pancreatic cancer immunotherapy.
A national cross-sectional study on the influencing factors of low HPV vaccination coverage in mainland China

Background HPV vaccine can block the infection of high-risk human papillomavirus and is an important measure to effectively reduce the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. However, the HPV vaccination rate is still low in China. There are many factors. Therefore, it is important to study the influencing factors to provide basis for promoting the formulation of vaccination strategies. Methods This study used a multi-stage sampling method to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey on women in different regions of China. The new general self-efficacy scale was used to measure the self-efficacy of the respondents. The short form of family health scale measured their family health. The t-test and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the influencing factors of HPV vaccination. Restricted cubic spline model was used to analyze the influence trend of self-efficacy and family health on HPV vaccination rate. Results (1) The HPV vaccination rate was low, especially in the ≤18 group. The place of residence, capita household income/month, individual self-efficacy and family health had a significant impact on HPV vaccination. (2) The restricted cubic spline model showed that self-efficacy positively promoted HPV vaccination, the correlation strength was statistically significant (χ2 =27.64, P<0.001) and non-linear (χ2 = 12.49, P = 0.0004); The poor family health hindered HPV vaccination, and the association strength was statistically significant (χ2 = 47.81, P < 0.001) and non-linear (χ2 = 9.96, P = 0.0016). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the health education of HPV vaccination knowledge in the population to eliminate the hesitancy of vaccination. Free HPV vaccination strategies should be developed and encourage people of appropriate age to receive as early as possible. Self-efficacy and family health should be enhanced to increase HPV vaccination rate, so as to achieve the goal of reducing the incidence of cervical cancer and protecting women's health.
Transferability of the PRS estimates for height and BMI obtained from the European ethnic groups to the Western Russian populations

Genetic data plays an increasingly important role in modern medicine. Decrease in the cost of sequencing with subsequent increase in imputation accuracy, and the accumulation of large amounts of high-quality genetic data enable the creation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) to perform genotype–phenotype associations. The accuracy of phenotype prediction primarily depends on the overall trait heritability, Genome-wide association studies cohort size, and the similarity of genetic background between the base and the target cohort. Here we utilized 8,664 high coverage genomic samples collected across Russia by “Evogen”, a Russian biomedical company, to evaluate the predictive power of PRSs based on summary statistics established on cohorts of European ancestry for basic phenotypic traits, namely height and BMI. We have demonstrated that the PRSs calculated for selected traits in three distinct Russian populations, recapitulate the predictive power from the original studies. This is evidence that GWAS summary statistics calculated on cohorts of European ancestry are transferable onto at least some ethnic groups in Russia.
Development of risk prediction model for cognitive impairment in patients with coronary heart disease: A study protocol for a prospective, cross-sectional analysis

Background Ischemic heart disease and degenerative encephalopathy are two main sources of disease burden for the global elderly population. Coronary heart disease (CHD) and cognitive impairment, as representative diseases, are prevalent and serious illnesses in the elderly. According to recent research, patients with CHD are more likely to experience cognitive impairment and their cognitive ability declines more quickly. Vascular risk factors have been associated with differences in cognitive performance in epidemiological studies, but evidence in patients with CHD is more limited. Inextricably linked between the heart and the brain. Considering the unique characteristics of recurrent cognitive impairment in patients with CHD, we will further study the related risk factors. We tried to investigate the potential predictors of cognitive impairment in patients with CHD through a prospective, cross-sectional study. Methods The cross-sectional study design will recruit 378 patients with CHD (≥65 years) from Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. The subjects' cognitive function is evaluated with MoCA scale, and they are divided into cognitive impairment group and normal cognitive function group according to the score results. Demographic data, disease characteristics (results of coronary CT/ angiography, number of stents implanted, status of diseased vessels), laboratory tests (biochemistry, coagulation, serum iron levels, pulse wave velocity), metabolites (blood samples and intestinal metabolites), and lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep, physical activity) will be assessed as outcome indicators. Compare the two groups and the correlation analysis will be performed on the development of mild cognitive impairment. Mann-Whitney U or X2 test was selected to describe and evaluate the variation, and logistics regression analysis was employed to fit the prediction model. After that, do the calibration curve and decision curve to evaluate the model. The prediction model will be validated by a validation set. Discussion To explore the risk factors related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with CHD, a new predictive model is established, which can achieve advanced intervention in the occurrence of MCI after CHD. Owing to its cross-sectional study design, the study has some limitations, but it will be further studied by increasing the observation period, adding follow-up data collection or prospective cohort study. The study has been registered with the China Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2200063255) to conduct clinical trials.
Naturally acquired antibodies to gametocyte antigens are associated with reduced transmission of Plasmodium vivax gametocytes to Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes

Naturally acquired antibodies may reduce the transmission of Plasmodium gametocytes to mosquitoes. Here, we investigated associations between antibody prevalence and P. vivax infectivity to mosquitoes. A total of 368 microscopy confirmed P. vivax symptomatic patients were passively recruited from health centers in Ethiopia and supplemented with 56 observations from asymptomatic P. vivax parasite carriers. Direct membrane feeding assays (DMFA) were performed to assess mosquito infectivity; for selected feeds these experiments were also performed after replacing autologous plasma with malaria naïve control serum (n=61). The prevalence of antibodies against 6 sexual stage antigens (Pvs47, Pvs48/45, Pvs230, PvsHAP2, Pvs25 and PvCelTOS) and an array of asexual antigens was determined by ELISA and multiplexed bead-based assays. Gametocyte (ρ< 0.42; p = 0.0001) and parasite (ρ = 0.21; p = 0.0001) densities were positively associated with mosquito infection rates. Antibodies against Pvs47, Pvs230 and Pvs25 were associated with 23 and 34% reductions in mosquito infection rates (p<0.0001), respectively. Individuals who showed evidence of transmission blockade in serum-replacement DMFAs (n=8) were significantly more likely to have PvsHAP2 or Pvs47 antibodies. Further studies may demonstrate causality for the observed associations, improve our understanding of the natural transmission of P. vivax and support vaccine development.
The emerging role of exosomes in innate immunity, diagnosis and therapy

Exosomes, which are nano-sized transport bio-vehicles, play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis by exchanging genetic or metabolic information between different cells. Exosomes can also play a vital role in transferring virulent factors between the host and parasite, thereby regulating host gene expression and the immune interphase. The association of inflammation with disease development and the potential of exosomes to enhance or mitigate inflammatory pathways support the notion that exosomes have the potential to alter the course of a disease. Clinical trials exploring the role of exosomes in cancer, osteoporosis, and renal, neurological, and pulmonary disorders are currently underway. Notably, the information available on the signatory efficacy of exosomes in immune-related disorders remains elusive and sporadic. In this review, we discuss immune cell-derived exosomes and their application in immunotherapy, including those against autoimmune connective tissue diseases. Further, we have elucidated our views on the major issues in immune-related pathophysiological processes. Therefore, the information presented in this review highlights the role of exosomes as promising strategies and clinical tools for immune regulation.
Experimental study on the fine-scale characteristics of a geogrid-gravelly soil reinforcement influence zone

Based on a specially designed visualization pullout system and digital photographic measurement technology, geogrid pullout tests were conducted by varying the top load, geogrid type, coarse grain content, and particle shape. The evolution and distribution of the reinforcement influence zone and the soil particle displacement field were analyzed, and the effects of various factors on the formation speed of the reinforcement influence zone, gradient layer thickness, and fine-scale particle displacement characteristics were discussed. The study shows that the reinforcement influence zone’s basic form and particle displacement direction do not change with pullout displacement after it is fully developed. The displacement layers in the influence zone are centered at the reinforced soil interface and are distributed in a diffusion gradient. The thickness of each gradient layer in the upper influence zone is greater than that in the lower influence zone. The greater the normal load is, the smaller the particle displacement and thickness of each gradient layer, and the slower the formation of the reinforcement influence zone. Using high-strength geogrids and geogrids with nodes can increase the upper interface thickness and improve the reinforcement influence zone’s formation speed. Horizontal ribs play a major role in forming the reinforcement influence zone, while longitudinal ribs mainly affect the formation speed. The indirect reinforcement effect of the geogrid on angular gravel soil is better than that on pebble soil. As the coarse grain content in the fill increases from 20% to 30%, the reinforcement influence zone forms faster, and the particle displacement of each gradient layer is smaller. When the coarse grain content increases from 30% to 35%, there is no significant change in the forming rate of the reinforcement influence zone.
Rice lipid transfer protein, OsLTPL23, controls seed germination by regulating starch-sugar conversion and ABA homeostasis

Seed germination is vital for ensuring the continuity of life in spermatophyte. High-quality seed germination usually represents good seedling establishment and plant production. Here, we identified OsLTPL23, a putative rice non-specific lipid transport protein, as an important regulator responsible for seed germination. Subcellular localization analysis confirmed that OsLTPL23 is present in the plasma membrane and nucleus. The knockout mutants of OsLTPL23 were generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, and osltpl23 lines significantly germinated slower and lower than the Nipponbare (NIP). Starch and soluble sugar contents measurement showed that OsLTPL23 may have alpha-amylase inhibitor activity, and high soluble sugar content may be a causal agent for the delayed seed germination of osltpl23 mutants. Transcript profiles in the germinating seeds exhibited that the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive genes, OsABI3 and OsABI5, and biosynthesis genes, OsNCED1, OsNCED2, OsNCED3 and OsNCED4, are obviously upregulated in the osltpl23 mutants compared to NIP plants, conversely, ABA metabolism genes OsABA8ox1, OsABA8ox2 and OsABA8ox3 are stepwise decreased. Further investigations found that osltpl23 mutants displays weakened early seedling growth, with elevated gene expresssion of ABA catabolism genes and repressive transcription response of defence-related genes OsWRKY45, OsEiN3, OsPR1a, OsPR1b and OsNPR1. Integrated analysis indicated that OsLTPL23 may exert an favorable effect on rice seed germination and early seedling growth via modulating endogenous ABA homeostasis. Collectively, our study provides important insights into the roles of OsLTPL23-mediated carbohydrate conversion and endogenous ABA pathway on seed germination and early seedling growth, which contributes to high-vigor seed production in rice breeding.
The long-term failure processes of a large reactivated landslide in the Xiluodu reservoir area based on InSAR technology

After the first impoundment of the reservoir, many landslides seriously threatened the safety of the reservoir. Accurate determination of the relationship between the landslide deformation characteristics and water-level fluctuations is crucial. However, with the increasing number of water-level fluctuation cycles, the deformation characteristics of the landslides were also changing, and long-term continuous monitoring to capture the failure process of reservoir landslides is necessary. A large reacted landslide in the Xiluodu reservoir was set as an example, using InSAR technology to seek its variations of deformation characteristics over nine years. The local deformation rate and annual maximum deformation area variation were analyzed by InSAR technology based on Sentinel-1 descending SAR data from October 2014 to June 2022. According to the regional deformation characteristics, the landslide was divided into three zones: Zone I above the elevation of 950 m; Zone II below it; the front edge of Zone II, where the collapse happened, was further divided into Zone III. In general, the accumulated deformation in Zone I was the largest, followed by Zone III, and Zone II was the smallest. The average deformation rate of Zone II was the smallest. Zone I of NLJL was mainly affected by the drawdown of reservoir water level, and the impacts of water-level rising and drawdown on Zone II and Zone III were similar. After analyzing a nine-year variation of the deformation area, the deformation mechanism of NLJL changed from a retrogressive type to a progressive one after the first impoundment and then changed back to a retrogressive one after 2017. The impact of reservoir impoundment on NLJL was most substantial in the first three years after the first impoundment.
Clinical feasibility of the therapeutic strategies total neoadjuvant therapy and “watch and wait” in the treatment of rectal cancer patients with recurrence after clinical complete response

Purpose In recent years, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy against advanced rectal cancer (RC). After administration of TNT, some patients show complete clinical response (cCR) to treatment however, disputes about the effects of TNT and the alternative treatment plans in case of recurrence after cCR still exist. Methods A total of 100 patients were included in this paper. CR and non-CR was observed when these patients were administered with TNT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China from May 2015 to June 2021. These patients received different chemotherapeutic regimens, with close monitoring and watch and wait (W&W) strategy being applied by a multidisciplinary team (MDT). According to treatment results, patients were divided into a cCR group and a non-cCR group; according to the recurrence during W&W, they were divided into a recurrence group and a no-local-recurrence group. This study analyzed the factors that may affect the prognosis, and summarized the surgery and treatment after recurrence. Results The TNT strategy was effective, and 85% of patients achieved local remission. However, W&W did not affect the survival time of CR patients, nor did it cause new distant metastasis due to local recurrence during the observation period (P > 0.05). However, for patients with positive CRM, we do not recommend W&W as the first choice of treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion (1) Whole-course neoadjuvant therapy was an effective treatment scheme for advanced mid-term rectal cancer. The total local reduction rate of this group of cases was 85.00%, meaning that 25 patients achieved CR. (2) W&W was safe and reliable, and CR patients could receive it as the preferred treatment. (3) CRM was an independent risk factor for local recurrence in CR patients. We do not recommend W&W as the preferred treatment for CR patients with positive CRM.
Brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs: Kick starting self-cleaning mode in brain cells via circRNAs as a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases

Altered autophagy is a hallmark of neurodegeneration but how autophagy is regulated in the brain and dysfunctional autophagy leads to neuronal death has remained cryptic. Being a key cellular waste-recycling and housekeeping system, autophagy is implicated in a range of brain disorders and altering autophagy flux could be an effective therapeutic strategy and has the potential for clinical applications down the road. Tight regulation of proteins and organelles in order to meet the needs of complex neuronal physiology suggests that there is distinct regulatory pattern of neuronal autophagy as compared to non-neuronal cells and nervous system might have its own separate regulator of autophagy. Evidence has shown that circRNAs participates in the biological processes of autophagosome assembly. The regulatory networks between circRNAs, autophagy, and neurodegeneration remains unknown and warrants further investigation. Understanding the interplay between autophagy, circRNAs and neurodegeneration requires a knowledge of the multiple steps and regulatory interactions involved in the autophagy pathway which might provide a valuable resource for the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the latest studies on the role of brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Friedreich’s ataxia) and how this knowledge can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics against them. Autophagy stimulation might be potential one-size-fits-all therapy for neurodegenerative disease as per considerable body of evidence, therefore future research on brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs will illuminate an important feature of nervous system biology and will open the door to new approaches for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
On the value of terrorist’s private information in a government’s defensive resource allocation problem

The ability to understand and predict the sequence of events leading to a terrorist attack is one of the main issues in developing pre-emptive defense strategies for homeland security. This article, explores the value of terrorist’s private information on a government’s defense allocation decision. In particular, two settings with different informational structures are considered. In the first setting, the government knows the terrorist’s target preference but does not know whether the terrorist is fully rational in his target selection decision. In the second setting, the government knows the degree of rationality of the terrorist but does not know the terrorist’s target preference. The government’s equilibrium budget allocation strategy for each setting is fully characterized and it is shown that the government makes resource allocation decisions by comparing her valuation for each target with a set of thresholds. The Value Of Information (VOI) from the perspective of the government for each setting is derived. The obtained results show that VOI mainly depends on the government’s budget and the degree of heterogeneity among the targets. In general, VOI goes to zero when the government’s budget is high enough. However, the impact of heterogeneity among the targets on VOI further depends on whether the terrorist’s target preference matches those of the government’s or not. Finally, various extensions on the baseline model are performed and it is shown that the structural properties of budget allocation equilibrium still hold true.
Optical losses in plasma-etched AlGaAs microresonators using reflection spectroscopy

The optical losses in dry-etched monolithic microresonators have been studied as a function of their lateral dimensions. Cylindrical microresonators with various radii have been etched from a planar GaAlAs/GaAs microcavity with a very high quality factor (Q≅11 700). Measurements of the resonance linewidth, using Ti-sapphire laser spectroscopy allowed to study the degradation of the Q factor at small radii. The Q factor is four times smaller in 1.1 μm radius microresonators, compared to the unprocessed cavity. This degradation is attributed to optical scattering from sidewalls, whose efficiency is shown to scale with the guided mode intensity at the microresonator edge.