Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fe and Zn effects on the Si cycle and diatom community structure in two contrasting high and low-silicate HNLC areas

We compared the importance of Fe, Zn and Si availability for diatom growth and siliciﬁcation through microcosm enrichment experiments in two contrasting HNLC systems of the Sub-Arctic and Sub-Antarctic Paciﬁc. The Bering Sea was characterized by low Fe and Zn concentrations ( o 0.2nM) but relatively high silicic acid (5.6–15.9 m M). The addition of 0.25 nM Fe induced a 2–7-fold increase in diatom cell abundance ( Pseudo-nitzschia sp. and Cylindrotheca closterium ), an increase in Chl a , biogenic silica, and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, and a 2–3-fold decrease in the average cellular Si content. Zn had no impact on biomass parameters or diatom community structure in this region.TheSub-Antarctic Zone (SAZ) was a low Si-HNLC system, with initial silicic acid levels of 0.45 m M and Fe and Zn concentrations o 0.03 nM. Si was the proximate limiting factor controlling diatom growth, followed by a secondary role for Fe on non-siliceous phytoplankton. In this region, we also found evidence for Zn-mediated changes in diatom community structure. The presence of Zn (+1nM) shifted the community away from a large colonial pennate ( Pseudo-nitzschia sp.) towards a smaller and less siliciﬁed solitary pennate ( Cylindrotheca closterium ), potentially prone to more rapid silica dissolution in the surface layer. Despite the dominance by the same two diatom genera, these two high-latitude regimes exhibited different nutrient limitation scenarios. Diatom growth in the Bering Sea was strongly Fe-limited, while the SAZ was mainly limited by Si and only secondarily by Fe.
The Effect of Loneliness, and Depression on Internet Addiction in Students

This study aims to determine how much influence loneliness and depression have on internet addiction in college students. Internet addiction in this study was measured by the adaptation scale of the Internet Addiction Test, loneliness in this study was measured by the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, and depression in this study was measured by the adaptation scale of the Self-Rating Depression Scale. Respondents in this study were 164 students who were still actively studying at Gunadarma University. This study uses multiple regression data analysis techniques using SPSS version 20 for Windows. The results of this study indicate that the effect of loneliness and depression on internet addiction is 10, 3% with a positive direction of relationship between loneliness and internet addiction and a negative direction of relationship between depression and internet addiction. This proves that there is an influence of loneliness and depression on internet addiction.
Intersection Types for the Computational lambda-Calculus

We study polymorphic type assignment systems for untyped lambda-calculi with effects, based on Moggi's monadic approach. Moving from the abstract definition of monads, we introduce a version of the call-by-value computational lambda-calculus based on Wadler's variant with unit and bind combinators, and without let. We define a notion of reduction for the calculus and prove it confluent, and also we relate our calculus to the original work by Moggi showing that his untyped metalanguage can be interpreted and simulated in our calculus. We then introduce an intersection type system inspired to Barendregt, Coppo and Dezani system for ordinary untyped lambda-calculus, establishing type invariance under conversion, and provide models of the calculus via inverse limit and filter model constructions and relate them. We prove soundness and completeness of the type system, together with subject reduction and expansion properties. Finally, we introduce a notion of convergence, which is precisely related to reduction, and characterize convergent terms via their types.
Dense-core vesicle proteins IA-2 and IA-2 (cid:1) affect renin synthesis and secretion through the (cid:1) -adrenergic pathway

Dense-core vesicle proteins IA-2 and IA-2 (cid:1) affect renin synthesis and secretion through the (cid:1) -adrenergic pathway. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol F382–F389, 2009. and IA-2 (cid:1) , major autoantigens in type 1 diabetes, are transmembrane proteins in dense-core vesicles, and their expression inﬂuences the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters. The present experiments were performed to examine whether IA-2 and IA-2 (cid:1) modulate the release of renin from dense-core vesicles of juxtaglomerular granular cells in the kidney. Plasma renin concentration (PRC; ng angiotensin I (cid:1) ml (cid:2) 1 (cid:1) h (cid:2) 1 ) was signiﬁcantly reduced in mice with null mutations in IA-2, IA-2 (cid:1) , or both IA-2 and IA-2 (cid:1) compared with wild-type mice (876 (cid:3) 113, 962 (cid:3) 130, and 596 (cid:3) 82 vs. 1,367 (cid:3) 93; P (cid:4) 0.01, P (cid:4) 0.02, and P (cid:4) 0.001). Renin mRNA levels were reduced to 26.4 (cid:3) 5.1, 39 (cid:3) 5.4, and 35.3 (cid:3) 5.5% of wild-type in IA-2 (cid:2) / (cid:2) , IA-2 (cid:1)(cid:2) / (cid:2) , and IA-2/IA-2 (cid:1)(cid:2) / (cid:2) mice. Plasma aldosterone levels were not signiﬁcantly different among genotypes. The regulation of PRC by furosemide and salt intake, and of aldosterone by salt intake, was maintained in all genotypes. IA-2 and IA-2 (cid:1) expression did not colocalize with renin but showed overlapping immunoreactivity with tyrosine hydroxylase. While propranolol reduced PRC in wild-type mice, it had no effect on PRC in IA-2/ IA-2 (cid:1)(cid:2) / (cid:2) mice. Renal tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and immunoreactivity were reduced in IA-2/IA-2 (cid:1)(cid:2) / (cid:2) mice as was the urinary excretion of catecholamines. We conclude that IA-2 and IA-2 (cid:1) are required to maintain normal levels of renin expression and renin release, most likely by permitting normal rates of catecholamine release from sympathetic nerve terminals. 900-nM primers, and of MasterMix Total treated I min. Reverse transcription was performed using SuperScript II (SuperScript II ﬁrst-strand synthesis system for RT-PCR, Invitrogen). Renin mRNA levels were assessed by real-time PCR using (cid:1) -actin cDNA (primers and probe from Applied Biosystems) as an internal control. The following primers were used to amplify a 98-bp renin product: sense 5 (cid:6) -CACACTCAGCAGTACG-GACTACGT (9952–9975), antisense 5 (cid:6) -CAGTGGGTGGTGGGAT-GTC and probe CTACAGT ATCCCAACAGGA (9977–10559). Tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA was determined using commercial and a Biosystems ID Mm00447557
Cognitive vs. emotive factives: An experimental differentiation 1

A central question in current presupposition theory is what (sub-)classes of triggers there are and how they differ from one another (Abusch 2002; Sudo 2012; Tonhauser et al. 2013; Romoli 2012; Abrus´an 2016). Factives have traditionally been thought to presuppose the truth of their complements, but the potential need for further differentiation was present from the start, beginning with the distinction between semi-factives (e.g. discover ) and ‘full’ factives (e.g. regret ) by Karttunen (1971). However, the precise nature of the differences involved has remained elusive in theoretical terms, and key empirical properties have been difﬁcult to pin down experimentally (e.g. Jayez et al. 2015). We present new experimental evidence conﬁrm-ing speciﬁc differences between emotive factives ( be happy , appreciate ) and cognitive factives ( be aware , realize ) using a yes/no-continuation acceptability rating task (Cummins et al., 2013). We spell out an analysis of the demonstrated contrast in terms of a distinction between triggers based on whether or not their presupposed content is encoded as part of the conventionally entailed content (Sudo, 2012; Klinedinst, 2010), and also discuss the broader theoretical impli-cations of our experimental results.
STUDY TO KNOW THE COMPARISON OF LUNG FUNCTION VARIATIONS AMONG ANEMIC AND NON-ANEMIC ADULTS

: Objective: To find the correlation that exists between blood hemoglobin/ serum iron indices and lung function tests. To compare changes in lung functions amongst the anemic and non-anemic adults. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Jinnah Hospital Lahore from March 2020 to September 2020. Materials and Methods: 100 males and 100 female diagnosed iron deficient anemic adults in range of 18-45 years and with no co-morbid respiratory and cardiac diseases were included. Inclusion criteria included iron deficient anemic adults with no acute emergency states and no chest and back area deformities. Blood samples were reanalyzed for blood hemoglobin (Hb) by automated cell analyzer and anemia were rechecked for confirmation of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) by doing further tests like serum iron, serum ferritin, serum Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) levels by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Digital spirometer was used to perform Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) which includes Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 st second of FVC (FEV 1 ) in all anemic patients and lung functions were compared with lung functions of non-anemic healthy individuals. Results: The FVC and FEV1 in male and female cases were significantly reduced(p<0.05) as compared to that in male and female controls respectively. Whereas the FEV1/FVC ratio was significantly increased (p<0.05) in male and female cases. Restrictive lung changes were observed in male and female cases. Conclusion: In the present study positive association was observed between blood Hb/serum iron indices and lung functions in anemic patients . The results showed restrictive lung function changes in anemic subjects . While no abnormal lung function changes were found in non-anemic healthy participants.
Shear Capacity Assessment of an Existing Prestressed Concrete Bridge with Corrosion Damage

The Hulvågen Bridge is a concrete element bridge, consisting of prefabricated and pre-tensioned beams with a continuous cast-in-place bridge deck. The bridge is a part of the Atlantic Ocean Road, opened in 1989. In this master's thesis the shear capacity of the composite structural beam, consisting of a NIB 1435/500 beam and the bridge deck, is in focus. Shear capacity calculations of the bridge have been performed using both NS 3473:1977 (valid when the bridge was designed) and Eurocode 2 (valid today). The utilization ratios are well below 1.0 for all the three main failure mechanisms, i.e. diagonal tension failure, compressive shear failure and anchorage failure. Furthermore, it is found that the shear resistance in the interface between the beams and bridge deck is utilized to a degree of η = 0.96. Due to its location along the Norwegian coastline, the bridge is exposed to extremely aggressive marine environment. Low requirements to concrete cover when the bridge was designed makes it highly prone to chloride induced reinforcement corrosion. Examinations of the bridge indicate leakage of sea water through the bridge deck, while no visual signs of corrosion in the NIB beams have been found. The e ect that the various consequences of reinforcement corrosion can have on the shear capacity of the beam has been investigated. Based on the capacity in the uncorroded state and the lack of observed damage in the beams, it can be concluded that neither of the three main shear failure mechanisms are likely to occur at this time. However, the prestressing reinforcement in particular may corrode without visible signs at the concrete surface, and the amount of corrosion damage in the beams may have been underestimated. Further examinations of chloride content in relevant parts of the bridge should therefore be performed. Leakage of sea water through the bridge deck may result in corrosion of the reinforcement crossing the interface. This may reduce the shear capacity at the interface. Exceeding this capacity will not necessarily cause failure of the beam, but will require that the NIB beams must carry all design loads in the section without contribution from the bridge deck. The consequences of this must be further examined. In addition, it is recommended to further examine the damages to the bridge deck and interface, and perform repairs where necessary.
Statin Use and the Risk of Subsequent Hospitalized Exacerbations in COPD Patients with Frequent Exacerbations

Rationale: The potential bene ﬁ ts of statins for the prevention of exacerbations in patients with COPD remains controversial. No previous studies have investigated the impact of statins on clinical outcomes in COPD patients with frequent exacerbations. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the use of statins and the risk of subsequent hospitalized exacerbations in COPD frequent exacerbators. Materials and Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. 139,223 COPD patients with a ﬁ rst hospitalized exacerbation between 2004 and 2012 were analyzed. Among them, 35,482 had a second hospitalized exacerbation within a year after the ﬁ rst exacerbation, and were de ﬁ ned as frequent exacerbators. 1:4 propensity score matching was used to create matched samples of statin users and non-users. The competing risk regression analysis model was used to evaluate the association between statin use and exacerbation risk. Results: The use of statins was associated with a signi ﬁ cantly reduced risk in subsequent hospitalized exacerbations in COPD patients after their ﬁ rst hospitalized exacerbation (adjusted subdistribution hazard ration [SHR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85 – 0.93, P <0.001). In frequent exacerbators, the SHR for subsequent hospitalized exacerbations in statins users was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.81 – 0.94, P =0.001). Subgroup analysis among frequent exacerbators demonstrated that the use of statins only provided a protective effect against subsequent hospitalized exacerbations in male patients aged 75 years and older, with coexisting diabetes mellitus, hypertension or cardiovascular disease, and no protective effect was observed in those with lung cancer or depression. Current use of statins was associated with a greater protective effect for reducing subsequent hospitalized exacerbation. Conclusion: The use of statins was associated with a signi ﬁ cant reduction in the risk of hospitalized exacerbations in COPD patients after a ﬁ rst hospitalized exacerbation and in speci ﬁ ed COPD frequent exacerbators. beta agonist; ICS/LABA, Combination of inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta agonist; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.
in Computer

— Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a system which utilizes visual substance, regularly called as components, for example, shape, color, texture, edge. and so forth to search images from large scale image databases as per clients' solicitations as an query image. Content based recovery of visual data requires a worldview that varies altogether from both customary databases and content based image understanding systems. The test in CBIR is to develop the techniques that will expand the recovery exactness and diminish the recovery time. A bunches of research works had been finished in the previous decade to design efficient image retrieval (IR) procedures from the image or media databases. Huge number of retrieval techniques has been presented, however there is no all around acknowledged component extraction and recovery method accessible. In this paper, we exhibit an investigation of different CBIR systems and their conduct, surface analysis and different component extraction with representation.
Recognizing Actions from Different Views by Topic Transfer

In this paper, we describe a novel method for recognizing human actions from different views via view knowledge transfer. Our approach is characterized by two aspects: 1) We propose a unsupervised topic transfer model (TTM) to model two view-dependent vocabularies, where the original bag of visual words (BoVW) representation can be transferred into a bag of topics (BoT) representation. The higher-level BoT features, which can be shared across views, can connect action models for different views. 2) Our features make it possible to obtain a discriminative model of action under one view and categorize actions in another view. We tested our approach on the IXMAS data set, and the results are promising, given such a simple approach. In addition, we also demonstrate a supervised topic transfer model (STTM), which can combine transfer feature learning and discriminative classifier learning into one framework.
INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE SECTION Dietary Interventions Are Beneficial for Patients with Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Background. The standard Western diet is high in processed hyperpalatable foods that displace nutrient-dense whole foods, leading to inflammation and oxidative stress. There is limited research on how these adverse metabolic drivers may be associated with maladaptive neuroplasticity seen in chronic pain and whether this could be attenuated by a targeted nutritional approach. The aim of this study was to review the evidence for whole-food dietary interventions in chronic pain management. Method. A structured search of eight databases was performed up to December 2019. Two independent reviewers screened studies and evaluated risk of bias by using the National Institutes of Health assessment tool for controlled or pre–post studies and the Joanna Briggs checklist for case reports. A metaanalysis was performed in Review Manager. Results. Forty-three studies reporting on 48 chronic pain groups receiving a whole-food dietary intervention were identified. These included elimination protocols (n1⁄4 11), vegetarian/ vegan diets (n1⁄411), single-food changes (n1⁄4 11), calorie/macronutrient restriction (n1⁄4 8), an omega-3 focus (n1⁄4 5), and Mediterranean diets (n1⁄4 2). A visual analog scale was the most commonly reported pain outcome measure, with 17 groups reporting a clinically objective improvement (a two-point or 33% reduction on the visual analog scale). Twenty-seven studies reported significant improvement on secondary metabolic measures. Twenty-five groups were included in a meta-analysis that showed a significant finding for the effect of diet on pain reduction when grouped by diet type or chronic pain type. Conclusion. There is an overall positive effect of whole-food diets on pain, with no single diet standing out in effectiveness. This suggests that commonalities among approaches (e.g., diet quality, nutrient density, weight loss) may all be involved in modulating pain physiology. Further research linking how diet can modulate physiology related to pain (such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and nervous system excitability) is required.
In Vitro Activity of Chloramphenicol and Thiamphenicol Analogs

The in vitro activity of three fluorine analogs of chloramphenicol in which the hydroxyl group at position 3 had been replaced with a fluorine was compared with that of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. Compound SCH 24893 was the most active agent against staphylococci and Bacteroides strains, and compound SCH 25298 was the most active against Haemophilus, Neisseria, enterococcus, and Klebsiella strains. Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to chloramphenicol were resistant to the compounds. The agents inhibited all of the Shigella, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and enterococcus strains resistant to chloramphenicol. They inhibited most (82%) of Esche- richia coli and half of the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains which were resistant to chloramphenicol. Isolates in which resistance to chloramphenicol was shown to be plasmid mediated and due to chloramphenicol transacetylase were inhibited by all three agents.
HIV_A_318538 767..774

1Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Background: Coccidian parasites are opportunistic intestinal parasites that cause diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals. Although the impacts of coccidian infection are significant among HIV/AIDS infected cases, proper diagnosis and management of coccidian infection is limited in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of coccidian parasitic infections among HIV/AIDS cases before and after commencement of antiretroviral treatment. Methods: An institution-based longitudinal study was conducted among 304 randomly selected HIV/AIDS cases from February to July 2018 before and after commencement of antiretroviral therapy. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and associated factors data. Stool and blood samples were collected before and three months after treatment. Coccidian detection and CD4 count were conducted via modified acid fast stain technique and fluorescenceactivated cell scanning, respectively. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were used to compute coccidian prevalence. Logistic regression was used to compute possible association between associated factors and coccidian parasitic infection. Variables with P<0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: Among 304 HIV/AIDS cases, prevalence of coccidian parasitic infection before and after antiretroviral treatment was 23.4% and 8.9%, respectively. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. (19.7%) and Isospora belli (4.3%) before antiretroviral treatment were higher than Cryptosporidium spp. (7.9%) and Isospora belli (1.0%) after treatment. Drinking unprotected water (AOR: 7.41; 95%CI: 1.64–33.45), poor knowledge of HIV/AIDS and coccidian parasite (AOR: 4.19; 95%CI: 1.69–10.40), and CD4 count below 200 cells/mm (AOR: 62.49; 95%CI: 25.32–154.21) were significantly associated with coccidian infection. Conclusion: Prevalence of coccidian parasites among HIV/AIDS cases decreases after antiretroviral treatment. Drinking unsafe water, limited knowledge of HIV/AIDS and coccidian parasite and low CD4 cell count are factors associated with coccidian infection. Therefore, proper detection and treatment of coccidian parasites among HIV/AIDS cases should be prioritized.
Radiative recombination and its application in experiments on electron cooling

A simple closed expression is derived, in the dipole approximation, for the cross section for radiative recombination of an electron into an arbitrary level of a hydrogenlike atom. The effect of a magnetic field on this process is estimated. The possibility of using it in experiments on electron cooling of heavy charged particles is discussed.