Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing Treatments of Weak Reactions with Nuclei in Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae

We perform an extensive study of the influence of nuclear weak interactions on core-collapse supernovae, paying particular attention to consistency between nuclear abundances in the equation of state (EOS) and nuclear weak interactions. We compute properties of uniform matter based on the variational method. For inhomogeneous nuclear matter, we take a full ensemble of nuclei into account with various finite-density and thermal effects and directly use the nuclear abundances to compute nuclear weak interaction rates. To quantify the impact of a consistent treatment of nuclear abundances on CCSN dynamics, we carry out spherically symmetric CCSN simulations with full Boltzmann neutrino transport, systematically changing the treatment of weak interactions, EOSs, and progenitor models. We find that the inconsistent treatment of nuclear abundances between the EOS and weak interaction rates weakens the EOS dependence of both the dynamics and neutrino signals. We also test the validity of two artificial prescriptions for weak interactions of light nuclei and find that both prescriptions affect the dynamics. Furthermore, there are differences in neutrino luminosities by ∼10% and in average neutrino energies by 0.25–1 MeV from those of the fiducial model. We also find that the neutronization burst neutrino signal depends on the progenitor more strongly than on the EOS, preventing a detection of this signal from constraining the EOS.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CAUSES OF MDR-TB AT IBNU SINA HOSPITAL GRESIK

Introduction: The causes of Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are very diverse; MDR-TB treatment, which takes a long time of approximately 18-24 months, so it becomes a severe health problem because of its rapid and increasing transmission. The purpose of this study was to describe the causes of the incident in Ibnu Sina Hospital Gresik. Methods: The method used in this research is a descriptive research method with a total of 55 respondents. In this study, data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Results: The most common cause of MDR-TB in Ibnu Sina Hospital Gresik was a history of previous TB treatment with the results of the study obtained from 55 respondents, as many as 30 people (54.5%), and 25 people who did not have a history of previous treatment (45, 5%). Conclusions: Based on the study's results, the most common cause of MDR-TB at Ibnu Sina Hospital Gresik was a history of previous TB treatment. The causes of the minor incidence of MDR-TB are low family support and the subordinate role of PMO. Another more dominant factor is a history of contact with MDR-TB patients and non-adherence to taking medication.
Efficacy of sulphur on growth , yield and quality of onion ( Allium cepa L . )

A field experiment was conducted on onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Sukhsagar during the Rabi seasons of 2010-11 and 201112 at ‘C’ Block Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal to assess the influence of sulphur on -1 growth, yield and quality in onion. The treatments comprised of four levels of sulphur (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha ) as basal application from two sulphur sources viz. gypsum and as elemental sulphur. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Harvested onion was kept for four months in low cost storage structure and observations were recorded for physiological loss in weight and losses due to rotting and sprouting. Pooled results of -1 -1 two year revealed significantly highest total yield (298.81q ha ) and marketable yield (272.13 q ha ) with application of -1 -1 elemental sulphur @ 30 kg ha . The highest amount of pyruvic acid content in bulb (4.5μmol g ) and minimal storage loss -1 were also found from the same treatment. The study suggested that soil application of elemental sulphur @ 30 kg ha is to be made for better yield, quality and shelf life of onion cultivar Sukhsagar under new alluvial zone of West Bengal.
Wellness Pursuit and Slow Life Seeking Behaviors: Moderating Role of Festival Attachment

Slow lifestyles have become a way for individuals to reduce the amount of stress in their lives. Moreover, along with wellness and slow food, slow life seeking is emerging as an area of study, though little research has been studied at Slow Life Festivals (SLFs) associated with consumers’ wellness pursuits, slow life seeking, and perceptions of slow food. To address this gap, this study examined visitors’ decision-making processes using an extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) by incorporating wellness pursuit, slow life seeking, and perceptions of slow food at an SLF. Thus, this study developed a theoretically comprehensive framework by applying field survey. Results revealed significant impacts of visitors’ wellness pursuits and slow life seeking on their decision-making, indicating that wellness and slow life were important factors to consider for SLF management. The research further identified the perception of slow food as a mediator in predicting behavioral intentions. Results further demonstrated a strong relationship between wellness pursuit and perception of slow food for highly attached visitors while revealing a significant relationship between slow life seeking and perception of slow food for less attached visitors. Consequently, this study shed significant light on our understanding of why visitors intend to revisit SLFs.
EFFECTS OF MOLASSES, BACTERIAL INOCULANT AND ENZYME + BACTERIAL INOCULANT ADDITION ON SILAGE CHARACTERISTICS, IN VITRO ORGANIC MATTER DIGESTIBILITY AND METABOLISABLE ENERGY CONTENT OF GRASS SILAGE

This study was carried out to evaluate molasses, microbial inoculant and microbial inoculant + enzyme (MICROBIOS) (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Propionibacterium shermanii, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis, Pediococcus acidilactici and alpha–Amylase ( A. oryzae ), cellulase and hemicellulose ( A. niger )) addition as silage additives on nutrient contents, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metablisable energy (ME) of grass silage. The material mixed with additive was pressed in (1.0-1 L) glass jars. Each application consisted of three parallel. Three jars per treatment from all group were analayzed on day 2, 7, 21, 60 for chemical, in vitro digestibility organic matter, metebolisable energy and cell wall contents. According to the analysis; control, molasses, enzyme + inoculant and inoculant groups of dry matter (DM) 26.59, 26.47, 27.00, 26.65, pH 4.75, 4.38, 4.29, 4.04 were found. Additives (molasses, microbial inoculant, enzyme + microbial inoculant) were able to ensure fermentation quality. Particularly inoculant and inoculant + enzyme improved the digestibility organic matter and metabolisable energy contents of silage. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects molasses, microbial inoculants and enzyme + microbial inoculants as silage additives on nutrient contents, in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy value of grass silage.
What is the maximum mass of a Population III galaxy

We utilize cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to study the formation of Population III (Pop III) stars in dark matter halos exposed to strong ionizing radiation. We simulate the formation of three halos subjected to a wide range of ionizing fluxes, and find that for high flux, ionization and photoheating can delay gas collapse and star formation up to halo masses significantly larger than the atomic cooling threshold. The threshold halo mass at which gas first collapses and cools increases with ionizing flux for intermediate values, and saturates at a value approximately an order of magnitude above the atomic cooling threshold for extremely high flux (e.g. $\approx 5 \times 10^8 ~ M_\odot$ at $z\approx6$). This behavior can be understood in terms of photoheating, ionization/recombination, and Ly$\alpha$ cooling in the pressure-supported, self-shielded gas core at the center of the growing dark matter halo. We examine the spherically-averaged radial velocity profiles of collapsing gas and find that a gas mass of up to $\approx 10^{6}~ M_\odot$ can reach the central regions within $3~{\rm Myr}$, providing an upper limit on the amount of massive Pop III stars that can form. The ionizing radiation increases this limit by a factor of a few compared to strong Lyman-Werner (LW) radiation alone. We conclude that the bright HeII 1640 A emission recently observed from the high-redshift galaxy CR7 cannot be explained by Pop III stars alone. However, in some halos, a sufficient number of Pop III stars may form to be detectable with future telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).
Allergenicity Alleviation of Bee Pollen by Enzymatic Hydrolysis: Regulation in Mice Allergic Mediators, Metabolism, and Gut Microbiota

Bee pollen as a nutrient-rich functional food has been considered for use as an adjuvant for chronic disease therapy. However, bee pollen can trigger food-borne allergies, causing a great concern to food safety. Our previous study demonstrated that the combined use of cellulase, pectinase and papain can hydrolyze allergens into peptides and amino acids, resulting in reduced allergenicity of bee pollen based on in vitro assays. Herein, we aimed to further explore the mechanisms behind allergenicity alleviation of enzyme-treated bee pollen through a BALB/c mouse model. Results showed that the enzyme-treated bee pollen could mitigate mice scratching frequency, ameliorate histopathological injury, decrease serum IgE level, and regulate bioamine production. Moreover, enzyme-treated bee pollen can modulate metabolic pathways and gut microbiota composition in mice, further supporting the alleviatory allergenicity of enzyme-treated bee pollen. The findings could provide a foundation for further development and utilization of hypoallergenic bee pollen products.
Free Vibrational Analysis of a Functionally Graded Five-Layer Sandwich Plate Resting on a Winkler Elastic Foundation in a Thermal Environment

The effect of adhesive layers bonding to the core of functionally graded (FG) surface layers is investigated using the free vibration of a five-layer sandwich composite plate resting on a Winkler elastic foundation in a thermal environment. It is assumed that all layers are experiencing a steady-state temperature ΔT. The layer-wise theory is used to derive the governing equations with the help of Hamilton’s principle. The Navier solution is employed to obtain the closed-form solutions. The numerical results obtained using the present theory are compared with three-dimensional finite elements implemented by ABAQUS software. The results show that the proposed theory is not only accurate but also efficient in predicting the natural frequencies of sandwich plates resting on Winkler foundations.
Ultrarelativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Jets in the Context of Gamma-Ray Bursts

We present a detailed numerical study of the dynamics and evolution of ultrarelativistic magnetohydrodynamic jets in the black hole-disk system under extreme magnetization conditions. We find that Lorentz factors of up to 3000 are achieved and derived a modified Michel scaling (Γ ~ σ) that allows for a wide variation in the flow Lorentz factor. Pending contamination induced by mass entrainment, the linear Michel scaling links modulations in the ultrarelativistic wind to variations in mass accretion in the disk for a given magnetization. The jet is asymptotically dominated by the toroidal magnetic field allowing for efficient collimation. We discuss our solutions (jets) in the context of gamma-ray bursts and describe the relevant features such as the high variability in the Lorentz factor and how high collimation angles (~0°-5°), or cylindrical jets, can be achieved. We isolate a jet instability mechanism we refer to as the "bottleneck" instability, which essentially relies on a high magnetization and a recollimation of the magnetic flux surfaces. The instability occurs at large radii where any dissipation of the magnetic energy into radiation would in principle result in an optically thin emission.
A regional analysis of the urbanization-energy-economy-emissions nexus in China: based on the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis

ABSTRACT The process of urbanization has accelerated in the recent decades, bringing with it an enormous impact on climate change. This paper examines the relationships between urbanization, energy consumption, and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions in regions of China during the 1997–2019 period. Additionally, the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is also examined. The cross-sectional dependence test indicates that no cross-sectional dependence is present in the panel data, and six unit root tests show that all variables are integrated on the order of one, I(1). Results of all cointegration tests provide evidence for a long-term equilibrium in the selected time series data. The fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and the augmented mean group (AMG) estimator indicate that the EKC hypothesis is valid in all regions except Western China. Given its abundant renewable resources, this region can vigorously develop renewable energy and energy storage technology. Moreover, energy consumption can lead to emissions increasing, while it is not certain that urbanization leads to emissions decreasing. Clean technologies for energy and intensive development of urban area should be emphasized. Finally, the results of pairwise Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) Panel causality test between each pair of variables are complicated and mixed in different regions.
A Comparative Analysis of the Causes of Gender-Based Violence Against Women Between Low and High-Income Households in Manicaland Province of Zimbabwe

Abstract There is a general perception that poverty and/or low income are the root causes of GBV in Zimbabwe. Efforts have been made to economically empower women in a bid to fight poverty and ultimately GBV, but research findings from Zimbabwe noted that GBV against women continues to rise in all societies, regardless of income levels. There is a paucity of literature comparing the causes of GBV among women in low- and high-income households in Zimbabwe. Therefore, the significance of this study is to close the information gap and proffer recommendations aimed at alleviating GBV against women. The study was conducted in Manicaland Province. The target population constituted men, women and adolescents aged 15 years and above. A semi-structured questionnaire-based survey was used to gather primary data. In Stata version 15.0, binary logit regression was used to analyze quantitative data, and narrative analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Marginal effects were then used to interpret logistic regression results. The results showed that age at marriage (ME = 0.22), access to media (ME = 0.12) and alcohol-drinking partner (ME = 0.24) were risk factors of GBV among low-income households. However, age (low-income-ME = 0.01; high-income-ME = 0.01); and spouse controlling behaviour (low-income-ME = 0.27; high-income-ME = 0.24) were significant causes of GBV for both low- and high-income households. Based on these findings, it is recommended that law enforcement agencies be capacitated to enhance enforcement of child marriage-related statutes, stiffer penalties and fines are instigated for people who cause violence under the influence of alcohol and communities be conscientious, especially through media against age and gender discrimination.
Structural and Electronic Transitions in Liquid FeO Under High Pressure

FeO represents an important end‐member for planetary interiors mineralogy. However, its properties in the liquid state under high pressure are poorly constrained. Here, in situ high‐pressure and high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction experiments, ab initio simulations, and thermodynamic calculations are combined to study the local structure and density evolution of liquid FeO under extreme conditions. Our results highlight a strong shortening of the Fe‐Fe distance, particularly pronounced between ambient pressure and ∼40 GPa, possibly related with the insulator to metal transition occurring in solid FeO over a similar pressure range. Liquid density is smoothly evolving between 60 and 150 GPa from values calculated for magnetic liquid to those calculated for non‐magnetic liquid, compatibly with a continuous spin crossover in liquid FeO. The present findings support the potential decorrelation between insulator/metal transition and the high‐spin to low‐spin continuous transition, and relate the changes in the microscopic structure with macroscopic properties, such as the closure of the Fe‐FeO miscibility gap. Finally, these results are used to construct a parameterized thermal equation of state for liquid FeO providing densities up to pressure and temperature conditions expected at the Earth's core‐mantle boundary.
SNPs Identification in production related genes in strains of white leghorn chicken

This is the first comprehensive study aimed to determine Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes (GHR, IGF1, OCX-32 and GDF9) reported to associated with egg production at the age of 64 weeks (EP64) in strains of White Leghorn chicken (Anand Synthetic White Leghorn and Anand Bantamised White Leghorn by sequencing the coding region of respective genes. Both the strains of White Leghorn chicken were categorized into four different groups viz ., Anand Synthetic White Leghorn High Production (ASHP), Anand Synthetic White Leghorn Low Production (ASLP), Anand Bantamised White Leghorn High Production (ABHP) and Anand Bantamised White Leghorn Low Production (ABLP) to find out SNPs in coding region of candidate genes and its association with EP64. The genomic DNA was extracted for 96 chickens and then further sequenced with the designed custom amplicon panel on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Raw data collected after sequencing was used for the bio in formatic analysis to confirm its association with EP64. Consequently, over 99% target regions were amplifed and 87 SNPs were available after quality filtering. Only thirty-three variants were novel while majority of the identified variants were catalogued in dbSNP database as known variants. The T21912084G, C21912423A and rs318030570 of OCX-32 and C13415980T of GHR gene was found to have a significant association ( p <0.05) with EP64. The present study revealed that four SNPs, including T21912084G, C21912423A, rs318030570 of OCX-32 and C13415980T of GHR would be useful as a genetic marker for breeding to increase chicken EP64.
National Early Warning Score (NEWS) Outperforms Quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure (qSOFA) Score for Early Detection of Sepsis in the Emergency Department

Background: Prompt recognition of sepsis is critical to improving patients’ outcomes. We compared the performance of NEWS and qSOFA scores as sepsis detection tools in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with suspicion of sepsis. Methodology: A single-center 12-month retrospective study comparing NEWS using the recommended cut-off of ≥5 and qSOFA as sepsis screening tools in a cohort of patients transported by emergency medical services (EMS) to the Lausanne University Hospital (LUH). We used the Sepsis-3 consensus definition. The primary study endpoint was the detection of sepsis. Secondary endpoints were ICU admission and 28-day all-cause mortality. Results: Among 886 patients admitted to ED by EMS for suspected infection, 556 (63%) had a complete set of vital parameters panel enabling the calculation of NEWS and qSOFA scores, of whom 300 (54%) had sepsis. For the detection of sepsis, the sensitivity of NEWS > 5 was 86% and that of qSOFA ≥ 2 was 34%. Likewise, the sensitivities of NEWS ≥ 5 for predicting ICU admission and 28-day mortality were higher than those of qSOFA ≥ 2 (82% versus 33% and 88% versus 37%). Conversely, the specificity of qSOFA ≥ 2 for sepsis detection was higher than that of NEWS ≥ 5 (90% versus 55%). The negative predictive value of NEWS > 5 was higher than that of qSOFA ≥ 2 (77% versus 54%), while the positive predictive value of qSOFA ≥ 2 was higher than that of NEWS ≥ 5 (80% versus 69%). Finally, the accuracy of NEWS ≥ 5 was higher than that of qSOFA ≥ 2 (72% versus 60%). Conclusions: The sensitivity of NEWS ≥ 5 was superior to that of qSOFA ≥ 2 to identify patients with sepsis in the ED and predict ICU admission and 28-day mortality. In contrast, qSOFA ≥ 2 had higher specificity and positive predictive values than NEWS ≥ 5 for these three endpoints.
Correlations between radio and bolometric fluxes in GX 339–4 and H1743–322

Compact radio jets are ubiquitous in stellar-mass black-hole binaries in their hard spectral state. Empirical relations between the radio and narrow-band X-ray fluxes have been used to understand the connection between their accretion discs and jets. However, a narrow-band (e.g., 1--10 or 3--9 keV) X-ray flux can be a poor proxy for either the bolometric luminosity or the mass accretion rate. Here, we study correlations between the radio and unabsorbed broad-band X-ray fluxes, the latter providing good estimates of the bolometric flux. We consider GX 339--4, the benchmark object for the main branch of the correlation, and H1743--322, the first source found to be an outlier of the correlation. The obtained power-law dependencies of the radio flux on the bolometric flux have significantly different indices from those found for the narrow X-ray bands. Also, the radio/bolometric flux correlations for the rise of the outbursts are found to be significantly different from those for the outburst decline. This points to a possible existence of a jet hysteresis in the radio/X-ray source evolution, in addition to that seen in the hardness/flux diagram of low-mass X-ray binaries. The correlation during the rise of the outbursts is similar for both GX 339--4 and H1743--322. The correlation for the decline of the outbursts for H1743--322 lies below that of GX 339--4 at intermediate X-ray fluxes, whereas it approaches the standard correlation at lower X-ray luminosities. We also compare these correlations to those for the high-mass X-ray binaries Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-3.