Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Status of Elderly People in Old Age Homes in South Gujarat: An Overview.

Truly speaking aging is a natural phenomenon and is biological also. India is a second country having the largest number of elderly people aged 60 plus. Because of modern medical care average life expectancy is gradually increasing in India. Demographers have presumed that by the year 2050 more than 40% of people would only be elders in India. Elderly people are being viewed as non-productive, dependent and are considered as liability in the family. Health status is an important factor that decides the quality of life of an individual. In the countries that are considered "more developed" as per the UN definition, this share is expected to climb from 14.3 percent to 26.8 percent over the same period. Ageing is a time of multiple illnesses and poor health is repeatedly cited by the aged as one of their most serious problems. Besides, the health condition of elderly people living in old age homes in India is still worse. Hence, there is a need to focus more on health and functional abilities rather than on vulnerability, risk and sickness as vast majority of elderly people in developed country who enjoy good health function as active members of the community. This article is based on an empirical study conducted in the selected old age homes in south Gujarat.
Quantitative Radio-Isotope Scanning of the Sacroiliac Joints in Ankylosing Spondylitis

A method for applying 99mTc-MDP for dynamic and static quantitative radioisotope scanning (QRS) of the sacroiliac joints (SI) in early progressive sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is described. In a prospective study, 2 groups of male AS patients were investigated, one with increased elevated erythrocytic sedimentation rate (ESR) (group A, n = 7) and one with normal ESR (group B, n = 8). In both groups an increased uptake of the radiotracer was found in the static part of the study versus a control group C (n = 9). An increased uptake versus group C was also found for group A in the dynamic part of the study (p = 0.01) while there was no significant difference dynamically between groups B and C. The results of the dynamic study in group A indicate ESR to be a parameter of inflammatory activity in the SI joints. The study also seems to indicate QRS to be a valuable diagnostic method in early AS without definite radiographic changes in the SI joints.
Efficacy of sequential use of superparamagnetic iron oxide and gadolinium in liver MR imaging

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of combined (double contrast) use of superparamagnetic iron particles (SPIOs) and gadolinium (Gd) in liver MR imaging. Material and Methods: Unenhanced, Gd-enhanced, SPIO-enhanced, and both SPIO- and Gd-enhanced images were acquired at 1.5 T. Twenty patients with previously detected liver lesions were included. Fast SE-STIR, and breath-hold true FISP, fat-suppressed T1- and T2-weighted sequences were obtained with all techniques. Lesion count was assessed by consensus reading. Results: Collective evaluation of all MR sequences revealed 61 lesions in 16 patients; SPIO-enhanced MR detected lesions with a sensitivity of 95% (n=58). The sensitivity of unenhanced MR imaging was 90% (n=55). There was no statistical difference between SPIO-enhanced and unenhanced MR images. From single sequences, the greatest number of lesions was detected with the SPIO-enhanced fast SE-STIR sequence (n=56, sensitivity 92%). By using the fat-suppressed T1-weighted sequence, Gd-enhanced and both SPIO- and Gd-enhanced MR images demonstrated sensitivities of 77% (n=47) and 80% (n=49), respectively. Despite the combined use of both contrast media, this sequence was significantly less sensitive in lesion detection when compared to SPIO-enhanced imaging. Conclusion: SPIO-enhanced MR imaging was the most sensitive method in lesion detection. The benefit of the combined use of SPIO and Gd was negligible.
Bowel wall visualisation at CT colonography

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of bowel wall visualisation at CT colonography and the impact of examination in the supine and prone positions. Material and Methods: After bowel preparation, 111 patients underwent CT colonography. Air distension, degree of fluid redistribution with change in body position (supine and prone), influence of residual stool on bowel wall assessability, and quality of overall colon visualisation were evaluated using scales. Results: Thirty of 110 patients (27%) had complete overall visualisation of the colon wall and 52 (47%) had subtotal visualisation of a limited part of the colon. The entire colon was more often air-filled in the prone position (46%) than in the supine position (18%). Joint review of supine and prone data showed that for all colon segments, except the sigmoid (86%), ≥95% of the patients had complete air filling. All patients had residual fluid. In 75% to 99%, depending on segment, fluid did not interfere with the bowel wall visualisation in the combined evaluation of supine and prone data sets. Thirty-one patients had residual stool with potential negative influence on polyp detection. Conclusions: The colon wall was completely, or almost completely, visualised in 75% of the patients, and examination in the supine and prone positions was necessary for complete visualisation.
A randomized comparative study between low-dose magnesium sulphate and standard dose regimen for management of eclampsia -

Background: Eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder related to pregnancy, in which there is occurrence of one or more generalized convulsions and or coma, in the absence of other neurologic conditions. It is a common obstetric emergency. It contributes significantly to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Dr. J. A. Pritchard in 1955, introduced magnesium sulphate for control of convulsions in eclampsia and is used worldwide. Considering the low body mass index of Indian women, a low dose magnesium sulphate regime has been introduced by some authors. The Objective was to compare the efficacy of low dose magnesium sulphate regimen with standard Pritchard’s regimen for eclampsia. Methods: A prospective randomized study of fifty eclampsia cases, treated with magnesium sulphate (25 each with low dose regime and Pritchard regime) was carried out from October 2010 to January 2012 at MAMC & LNH, New Delhi, India. Results were analysed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) software 17.0. Results: In the present study, convulsions were controlled in 96% of eclampsia cases with low dose magnesium sulphate regimen. One case i.e. 4% had single episode of recurrence of convulsion, which was controlled by giving additional drugs and shifted to standard dose regimen. There was no maternal mortality. Conclusions: The maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in the present study were comparable to those of standard Pritchard’s regimen. The study did not find a single case of magnesium related toxicity with low dose magnesium sulphate regimen. Low dose magnesium sulphate regimen was found to be safe and effective in eclampsia.
Reliability of Voiding Colpo-Cysto-Urethrography in Female Urinary Stress Incontinence before and after Treatment

Voiding colpo-cysto-urethrography was performed in 52 consecutive female patients with genuine urinary stress incontinence before treatment and in 50 of the patients after treatment. The patients were randomized to either pelvic floor training or surgery. Surgery included a colposuspension operation in patients with an anterior suspension defect and a vaginal repair in patients with a posterior suspension defect. All pre- and posttreatment examinations were reevaluated blindly by one observer 4 to 6 years later. The pretreatment radiologic reevaluation was in agreement with the original classification in 79 per cent and not in agreement in 21 per cent. Pelvic floor training did not change the degree of suspension defect systematically. The effect of squeezing was significantly improved following pelvic floor training. A colposuspension gave rise to a typical radiologic configuration of the bladder and urethra. A vaginal repair was not detectable radiologically and it did not correct a posterior descent. The degree of descent and the degree of incontinence were not correlated and it was not possible radiologically to distinguish treatment failures from treatment success.
New intravascular contrast agent applied to dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging of human breast cancer

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of using dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with a new intravascular contrast agent in grading human breast cancer. Material and Methods: 23 patients with 27 breast tumors (21 carcinomas and 6 fibroadenomas) were examined with dynamic MR imaging after administration of Clariscan, an iron oxide nanoparticle with large T1 relaxivity and a long plasma half life. A 3D T1-weighted gradient echo sequence with an acquisition time of 60 s was repeated at regular intervals of 3–5 min before and up to 1 h after injection of 2 mg/kg b.w. of Clariscan. The endothelial transfer constant, Kps, which reflects overall vascular permeability, and the fractional plasma volume, fPV, were estimated from time-intensity curves acquired from three separate regions of interest (ROIs): whole tumor, a permeability hot spot, and a blood volume hot spot. Kps and fPV were compared to the results of histologic tumor grading (Scarff-Bloom-Richardson, SBR) and microvascular density, MVD. Results: A statistically significant correlation between the MR-derived Kps parameters and the SBR score was obtained for the whole tumor ROI (R = 0.70), and for the permeability hot spot ROIs (R = 0.67). A correlation between fPV and SBR was detected for the blood volume hot spot ROIs (R = 0.48). There was no statistically significant correlation between Kps or fPV with MVD. Conclusion: The results support the hypothesis that dynamic MR with the intravascular contrast agent Clariscan may be used for non-invasive tumor grading.
Midgut Carcinoid Tumours

CT was performed on 80 patients referred for staging and treatment of histologically verified midgut carcinoid tumours. In 17 cases (21%) CT was normal in spite of biochemical signs of tumour (increased U-5-HIAA). The most common finding was liver metastases in 54/80 (68%) of patients. Mesenteric metastases, usually as a soft tissue mass at the mesenteric root, were found in 17/80 (21%). Retroperitoneal adenopathy was found in 19/80 (24%). During a follow-up time of 3 months to 10 years (median 3 years) 445 additional CT examinations were performed on 77 patients. In 39 of these, progressive disease (new lesions) was found after a median time of 15 months (range 3 months-6.5 years). CT is poor in detecting primary carcinoid tumours but helpful in evaluating the extent of tumour spread before surgical exploration and during follow-up once the diagnosis has been established.
The Efficacy of HIV and Sex Education Interventions among Youths in Developing Countries: A Review

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among youths represent an important public health challenge in developing countries. The incidence of HIV peaked in the 1990’s and saw a decline from 2005. What was done to prompt the decline? To answer this question selecting studies between 1990 and 2005 was appropriate to assess whether the drop in HIV incidence in developing countries was as a result of education interventions. School based interventions are widely used to change young people’s attitudes towards early sexual activity and to prevent the transmission of HIV/STIs, and have been implemented by countries across the world. Methods: Electronic databases were searched to identify studies in HIV/STI education interventions conducted in schools in developing countries published from 1990 to 2005. Studies from 1990 effectively gave a clearer explanation of whether education interventions contributed to the genesis of the decline. In addition to assessing HIV incidence, the reviewer also included studies performed on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as knowledge on STI prevention could lead to preventing HIV transmission. Studies were eligible if they had an appropriate comparison group; published in English and full text retrieved. Twenty-eight full text articles were assessed for eligibility, 17 articles met the inclusion criteria and 11 articles were rejected due to, not addressing HIV or sex education programmes in schools or were abstracts only. The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs) and controlled before and after (CBA) studies was used to critically appraise studies. Results: All 17 studies reviewed established positive effects on knowledge. Programmes have similar characteristics and were more effective if they were conducted by adults. Conclusions: The overall conclusion of evidence gathered was that curriculum based programmes on HIV and sex education could be effective in changing the behavior of young people in developing countries if conducted properly. They were also effective in increasing knowledge on problems associated with risky sexual activity among young people. Further research is needed to assess the long-term positive effects of such programmes in schools in developing countries.
Business Strategies in a Turbulent Business Environment: Findings from Indonesian Telecommunication Industry

This study aimed to explore the development of business strategies in a turbulent business environment. The study involved leaders of several telecommunication business units in Indonesia as research respondents. The research used the descriptive and the explanatory survey method using Partial Least Square-Path Modeling (PLS-PM). The results showed that although the business strategies of the telecommunication companies in Indonesia were included in the good category; however, they were still not optimal because were mostly created through competitive strategy. Whereas, the cooperative strategy turned out to have a more dominant contribution to create superior competitive advantage in a turbulent business environment. The study also discussed problem solving on how the companies should formulate the business strategy in a turbulent business environment and recommended on how to maintain the sustainability of the telecommunication industries in Indonesia.
Endorse the Source – The Impact of Information Assessment on News Sharing Behavior

Social media provides enormous loads of information for its users paired with easy sharing mechanisms such as liking or retweeting. In such an environment it is not easy to accurately judge every tweet or post piece by piece, in which case individuals rely on easy strategies to evaluate information. In this research, the role of the source credibility and verification strategies of users were investigated to understand how individuals assess the information quality on Twitter and under which circumstances they share information. A quantitative study was conducted using Amazon Mechanical Turk. The results show that peripheral cues, namely the source credibility has a strong influence on how people perceive the quality of information.
Towards the next generation of LMRA instruments: the influence of generic and specific questions during risk assessment

Last minute risk assessment (LMRA) is a well-known work method to support employees’ risk perception. However, little is known about the effectiveness of LMRA in providing this support. Here, we describe an eye-tracking experiment with which we attempted to gain more insight into the relationship between LMRA and risk perception and to assess the difference between generic and specific supporting questions. Employees from an international energy production and desalination company participated in this experiment by assessing photographs portraying a (staged) work situation and deciding whether it was safe enough to continue activities and which risk factors were present or absent. The results show a consistent interaction effect over several parameters between work experience and the type of supporting questions, indicating that generic and specific supporting questions should be considered complimentary to each other. Furthermore, the results revealed several other challenges concerning real-world application of the LMRA.
Strength and Dimensional Stability of Cement-bonded Boards Manufactured from Mixture of Ceiba pentandra and Gmelina arborea Sawdust

Cement bonded boards of 6 mm in thickness were produced from the mixture of Ceiba pentandra and Gmelina arborea sawdust. The influence of weight to weight proportion of C. pentandra and G. arborea blended at levels of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 in mass and mixing ratios of cement to wood 2:1 and 3:1 on Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) Water Absorption (WA) and Thickness Swelling (TS) properties of the experimental boards were examined for 24 h and 48 h immersion in cold water. The mean values for MOE and MOR were from 2479.50 to 5294.30 N/mm2 and 0.82 N/mm2 to 3.02 N/mm2 respectively, while the mean values for TS and WA after 24 h in cold water were from 0.53% to 7.35% and 14.8% to 52% respectively, whereas after 48 h in cold water immersion the mean values for TS and WA were from 2.37% to 10.48% and 16.5% to 69.5% respectively. It was observed that, increase in G. arborea (75%) to C. pentandra (25%) and mixing ratio 3:1 (cement/wood) was responsible for increase in MOR and MOE and decrease in TS and WA. The result shows that cement-bonded boards can be manufactured from Ceiba pentandra sawdust when mixed at certain blending proportion and ratio.
Osteology of the Late Triassic Bipedal Archosaur Poposaurus gracilis (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from Western North America

Poposaurus gracilis is a bipedal pseudosuchian archosaur that has been poorly understood since the discovery of the holotype fragmentary partial postcranial skeleton in 1915. Poposaurus. gracilis is a member of Poposauroidea, an unusually morphologically divergent clade of pseudosuchians containing taxa that are bipedal, quadrupedal, toothed, edentulous, and some individuals with elongated thoracic neural spines (i.e., sails). In 2003, a well preserved, fully articulated, and nearly complete postcranial skeleton of P. gracilis was discovered with some fragmentary cranial elements from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation of Grand Staircase‐Escalante National Monument of southern Utah, USA. The aim of this work is to describe the osteology of this specimen in detail and compare P. gracilis to other closely related pseudosuchian archosaurs. The open neurocentral sutures throughout the majority of the vertebral column, the small size of this individual, and the presence of seven evenly spaced cyclic growth marks in the histologically sectioned femur indicate that this specimen was a skeletally immature juvenile, or subadult when it died. The pes of P. gracilis contains multiple skeletal adaptations and osteological correlates for soft tissue structures that support a hypothesis of digitigrady for this taxon. When coupled with the numerous postcranial characters associated with cursoriality, and the many anatomical traits convergent with theropod dinosaurs, this animal likely occupied a similar ecological niche with contemporaneous theropods during the Late Triassic Period. Anat Rec, 303:874–917, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Substance Use among Older Adults: An Update on Prevalence, Etiology, Assessment, and Intervention

The global population is aging, and as the population ages, high-risk alcohol and other drug use, particularly cannabis and prescription medications, is growing among older adults (OA). OA, defined here as 50 years of age and older, have a number of unique vulnerabilities to drug and alcohol use due to both biological as well as psychosocial factors compared to younger adults. Understanding the wide spectrum of these vulnerabilities is important to assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. Specific techniques, assessment tools, and interventions known to be effective in OA are reviewed.
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone attenuates liver inflammation and fibrosis in cirrhotic rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS In liver cirrhosis, oxidative stress plays a major role in promoting liver inflammation and fibrosis. Mitochondria dysregulation is responsible for excessive reactive oxygen species production. Therefore, in an experimental model of cirrhosis, we investigated the effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone. METHODS Liver cirrhosis was induced in Spraque-Dawley rats by common bile duct ligation (CBDL). Mitoquinone (10 mg/kg/day, oral gavage) or vehicle were administered from 3rd to 28th day after CBDL, when animals were sacrificed and liver oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, mitophagy were evaluated and in vivo and ex vivo hemodynamic studies were performed. RESULTS In cirrhotic rats, mitoquinone prevented liver inflammation, hepatocyte necrosis and fibrosis at histological examination, decreased circulating TNFα, gene expression of TGFβ, collagen1a1, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, TIMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-13 and reduced hepatic oxidative stress, as shown by reduced oxidative carbonylation of the proteins, by modulating antioxidants catalase, Mn superoxide dismutase and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, mitoquinone attenuated apoptosis by reducing hepatic protein expression of cleaved caspase-3. A selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria was improved by mitoquinone, as shown by the increase in Parkin translocation to mitochondria. Treatment with mitoquinone normalized the weight of the spleen, however it increased portal blood flow and reduced splenic artery IR, suggesting an effect on intrahepatic resistance. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone improves liver inflammation and fibrosis in cirrhotic rats by reducing hepatic oxidative stress, preventing apoptosis and promoting removal of dysfunctional mitochondria. Therefore, it may represent a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of liver cirrhosis.
Religiosity and Consumer Ethical Beliefs

Business ethics have been a major concern for society for a long time. However, relatively few studies have tried to examine the ethical issues of the marketing process from a consumer’s point of view, Moreover, among the many determinants of consumer ethics, religiosity has been a little examined facet that, nevertheless, has had a strong influence on consumer ethical beliefs. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine the impact of religiosity on consumer ethical beliefs. This paper has used the “quest” dimension of religiosity, which is outlined in the extant literature, along with intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions so that the complete domain of religiosity would be captured. Based on a rigorous literature review, it was hypothesized that there is an impact of intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity and quest religiosity on consumer ethical beliefs. In addition, an interaction between intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity was hypothesized, while the final proposition argued that intrinsic religiosity is a stronger predictor of ethical beliefs than extrinsic religiosity. The study was quantitative, while the crosssectional (survey) design was chosen as the overall research design. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses, and data analysis revealed that there is an impact of intrinsic, extrinsic and quest religiosity on consumer ethical beliefs. The findings of the study emphasize the role of ethics education, and consumer socialization in ensuring consumer ethics. Furthermore, this study urges managers to use ethical appeal in advertising and adopt relationship marketing strategies instead of using punitive actions to control the unethical behaviours of consumers.