Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contentions over World Culture: The Rise of Legal Restrictions on Foreign Funding to NGOs, 1994–2015

Abstract:The last two decades have witnessed an unprecedented rise in government restrictions on foreign funding to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Often in the name of defending the nation from outside influences, over 60 countries have implemented laws limiting foreign funding to NGOs. We use event history analyses to evaluate domestic and global explanations for the adoption of these policies over the period 1994–2015. Prior work has argued that funding restrictions result from real or perceived threats to political regimes, especially in countries with competitive elections. We add to this story by situating it in a larger global and cultural context: new funding laws are part of a growing backlash against the liberal international order, which has long sponsored international and domestic NGOs devoted to issues such as human rights and the environment. In an era of increasing resistance toward globally linked civil society groups—the primary carriers of liberal world society—NGO funding restrictions are now diffusing widely across the international system. We argue that restriction policies will be most common among countries that are linked to illiberal or anti-Western organizations and discourses in the international community. Moreover, adoption will accelerate as more countries do it, representing a growing "wave" or backlash against the liberal international order. Findings support the prior literature as well as our new arguments regarding illiberal international organizations and global backlash.
Destination Management Organizations and Health Tourism Visual Identification in Central and Eastern Europe

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and diagnose the activities of national destination management organizations (DMOs) from Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) in the scope of a visual identification of health tourism destinations. Design/Methodology/Approach: The investigations were conducted on three stages: (1) a verification was performed of the existence of national DMOs in CEEC; (2) when making targeted selection, a questionnaire interviews were performed with 16 DMO representatives; (3) desk research was conducted, i.e. an analysis of the contents of the official websites/ portals and social media of DMOs. Findings: The role of health tourism is to grow in the coming years in the opinion expressed by the DMOs examined. The organizations under examination try to address this trend by indicating that health tourism, even at its current stage, constitutes a fairly important tourism product. The current status of the visual identification of HTD created by DMOs in the states under examination is rather poor. A small part of organizations identify themselves directly with the health tourism product. A significant part of the organizations do not undertake any activities in this area. In turn, those that do undertake such activities rely primarily on fairly common elements such as: an internet website, possibly a logo and an advertising slogan. Practical Implications: The results may serve as a point of departure for taking adequate activities aimed promotion at the health tourism product not only by other national DMOs but also by similar organizations on the regional or local level. Originality/Value: The variety of health tourism products available at CEEC puts new tasks for DMOs. The article highlights the important role of the entity that is responsible for the management of the HTD brand.
University of Ilorin Final Year Students’ Experience in Practice Teaching Exercise

Practice teaching is a vital aspect of the teacher preparatory program in teacher training institutions. This study examined the University of Ilorin final year students’ experience in a practice teaching exercise. It made use of descriptive survey research design. The population for this study were all students of the Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. The researchers’ self-developed questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.63 was used for data collection while the data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics of independent t-test. It was found that during the course of practice teaching exercises, student-teachers acquired skills which enabled them to use a variety of teaching methods, and instructional resources, improved their skills in tests construction, scoring and recording, built their teaching confidence and presentation, among others. However, student-teachers were faced with a number of challenges in the course of lesson presentation during practice teaching. It was, therefore, recommended among others, that student-teachers should not perceive their personality and logical presentation of instructional objectives as challenges but rather should embrace and exploit it to improve and widen their (cognitive) domains. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The role of coping in primary care low back pain patients

Low back pain affects a large proportion of the general population. For some individuals, back pain becomes chronic, complex and difficult to treat effectively, with patients reporting continued pain and disability. A biopsychosocial framework has been adopted within research and clinical practice, as psychosocial factors have been recognised to be important in terms of pain management and recovery from back pain. Coping-related factors have been identified as particularly important, however a comprehensive examination of a wide range of coping factors is missing from available literature. A systematic review of the published literature identified important psychological factors that are predictive of low back pain outcome. Several factors emerged as potentially important, but fear avoidance beliefs appeared to be the most consistent predictor. Very few studies were found that investigated the role of behavioural coping, therefore a new measurement instrument was developed to aid further research. A detailed analysis of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire-24 was undertaken. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used and it was concluded that the measure was appropriate for use within this thesis. Data from a large cohort of primary care low back pain patients (n = 1,591) was used for analysis. Cross-sectional analyses revealed potential confounders of the relationship between coping and outcome at 12 months follow-up, which were controlled for within the longitudinal analyses. Only five coping variables were independently predictive of outcome – anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, self-
Cost-Effectiveness and Projected Survival of Self-Expanding Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement for High Risk Patients in a European Setting: A Dutch Analysis Based on the CoreValve High Risk Trial

ABSTRACT Background: Clinical and economic outcomes of self-expanding bioprosthetic transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in high-risk surgical candidates are unknown in the European setting. The objective of this study was to project life expectancy and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of TAVI in a European setting. Methods: Cost-utility analysis via probabilistic Markov modeling was performed. A simulated cohort of 83-year-old men and women (53 and 47%, respectively) with severe aortic stenosis at high but not extreme surgical risk were observed in the CoreValve High Risk Trial. Costs were based on resource use data from a Dutch academic medical center and costing guidelines. Undiscounted life expectancy and discounted costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and proportion cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of €50,000/QALY were evaluated. Beyond the base case, further analyses explored a “lean scenario” that considered a shorter TAVI procedure time and hospital stay. Results: Mean projected survival increased by 0.65 life years (5.62 for TAVI vs. 4.97 for SAVR). TAVI was projected to add 0.41 (3.69 vs. 3.27) QALYs at an increased cost of €9048 (€51,068 vs. €42,020), resulting in an ICER of €21,946 per QALY gained. The probability of TAVI being cost-effective was 71%. Further cost reduction of approximately €5400 in addition to the “lean” assumptions would make TAVI the dominant strategy. Conclusion: A self-expanding TAVI system for high-risk surgical candidates increases quality-adjusted life expectancy at an economically acceptable cost in the Dutch setting. Reductions in procedure time and length of hospital stay will further improve the value of TAVI.
Great tits responding to territorial intrusions sing less but alarm more on colder days

Bird song transmits information required to defend territories and attract mates. These functions contribute to fitness by affecting survival and reproductive success. Singing is also costly due to physiological costs. We used observational data to evaluate support for the hypothesis that lower temperatures result in decreased singing behaviour in wild great tits due to increased energy consumption during cold conditions required for thermoregulation. More than 6,500 simulated territorial intrusions were performed over an 8‐year period in twelve nest box populations of great tits Parus major south of Munich, Germany. We measured song rate as well as the number of alarm calls and the aggressive response of territorial males to a simulated territorial intrusion. We found a decrease in song rate with decreasing current temperature, but also a concurrent increase in the number of alarm calls. Night temperature did not affect these acoustic traits. We conclude that warmer conditions allow birds to choose more energetically expensive (yet functionally superior) activities during territorial intrusions, thereby facilitating avoidance of physical aggressiveness during territorial intrusions.
Relationship between the Current Account Balance Ratio and Salary Ratio in Japanese Municipal Hospitals

Background: While public municipal hospitals in Japan are supported by public financing and are less likely to fail than private hospitals, more than half are in financial deficit. Hospitals running at a deficit may have poorer outcomes and less investment in maintenance of human or physical capital, as well as increased rates of patient adverse events. We sought to clarify the relationship between municipal hospital surpluses or deficits and salary expenditures. Methods: We extracted financial data for 253 general hospitals of 300 beds or more from financial statements for the 2013 fiscal year available in the Yearbook of Public Firms, Edition for Hospital. From these data, we calculated account balance ratios and compared the average value of the ratio of labor to the output (salary ratio) for each group using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The salary ratios of hospitals in the surplus group were significantly lower than the salary ratios of hospitals in the deficit group (55.5% vs. 49.4%; p p = 0.342). In the surplus group, the average value of salary ratios was different among the three-bed count groups (mean salary ratio: 53.0% vs. 48.5% vs. 47.4%; ANOVA p = 0.012). In addition, there was a significant difference in mean value between the 300-bed group and ≥500 beds group (mean salary ratio: 53.0% vs. 47.4%; p = 0.002). Conclusion: This study suggests that maintaining a favorable salary ratio to the current account balance is a useful proxy of fiscal health, and interventions to improve the salary ratio may be effective in improving municipal hospital management. Furthermore, among well-managed municipal hospitals, larger hospital size may confer some advantage in purchasing power.
Older adults’ satisfaction of wearing consumer-level activity monitors

There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that consumer-level activity monitors are a valid means of measuring physical activity in older adults. Understanding whether older adults are satisfied with wearing these activity monitors is an important step to ensuring that devices can be successfully implemented in clinical and research settings. Twenty-five older adults (mean age = 72.5 years, standard deviation = 4.9) wore two consumer-level activity monitors (Misfit Shine and Fitbit Charge HR) for seven consecutive days. After the week, participants were asked for their views and satisfaction of wearing each device, measured in part by the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology. Participants were generally satisfied with most aspects of the devices, though they were significantly more satisfied with the Misfit Shine. Participants were critical about their ability to adjust the fit of both the Misfit Shine and Fitbit Charge HR. Interestingly, the perceived satisfaction with the device was not associated with participants’ consideration of wearing the device again. Future research needs to consider whether the design of consumer-level activity monitors are best suited for older adults.
The Importance of Individual Technology Factors for Adoption of Internet Banking

The main objective of this study is to find the factors that motivate customers to adopt Internet banking services. It is concerned with an empirical investigation of individual factor technology that could predict successful IBSA. Survey method is used questionnaires are administered on 535 persons in public university staffs already using internet banking services. The findings reveal that individual factors technology is high significant (IFT). It shows four significant relationships between Internet technology literacy toward internet banking adoption (β=.466, T=5.672, P<.000); Resistance to change toward internet banking adoption(β= -0.118T=2.262, P<.024); Risk of technology toward internet banking adoption (β=-O.125,T=3.838, P<.000) and Anxiety of technology toward internet banking adoption (β=-0.172, T=4.821, P<0.000). The results are discussed in the context of internet banking adoption / actual usage. Index Terms- Individual factors technology, Internet technology literacy, SEM DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-36-01 Publication date: December 31 st 2019
Quality of antenatal care services at subcentres: an infrastructure, process and outcome evaluation in a district in Tamil Nadu

key include the technical competence of their interpersonal the of basic ABSTRACT Background: Quality of care is a priority concern all over the world and all the countries are trying to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of their health care delivery systems. Recognizing the potential to improve the reproductive health status in developing countries, quality of care in reproductive health field has been the priority area of research by WHO. Methods: This study assesses the quality of antenatal care services delivered at subcentre level by comparing with the recommended Structural attributes, Process attributes and Initial outcome attributes. By simple random sampling, ten subcentres under three Block Primary Health Centres in Coimbatore district were included in the study. Results: On observing the quality of client-provider interaction, most of the women were treated with dignity (98.5%), but there were deficiencies in examination for pallor (19.2%), pedal edema (18.5%) and pulse (10.6%) which is very critical for good antenatal care. The exit interview revealed that most clients (98.6%) were satisfied with the antenatal care. Conclusions: The findings of this quality assessment study provide information about training needs for improving the quality of service and serves as a baseline data on status before implementing NRHM.
Impact of certain essential oils and insecticides against major insect pests and natural enemies in rice

The present experiment was carried out during kharif, 2017 & 2018 to determine the efficacy of some selected botanicals (essential oils) and insecticides against major insect pests like stem borer; Scirpophaga incertulas (Walk.), plant hoppers; both brown plant hopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), white backed plant hopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horvath), gall midge; Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) and natural enemies in rice. The treatments were; Camphor oil, Cedar wood oil, Eucalyptus oil and Lemon grass oil @ 1000 ml ha-1, Neemazal 1EC @ 1000 ml ha-1, Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 150 ml ha-1 and Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 200 g ha-1. Among the different treatments, chemical insecticide Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 150 ml ha-1 was most effective to manage the infestation of stem borer and Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 200 g ha-1 against plant hoppers in both the years. Among botanicals, Eucalyptus oil @ 1000 ml ha-1 was found effective to suppress the incidence of yellow stem borer and plant hoppers as well as highest yield was recorded from same treatment. Whereas, Cedar wood oil @ 1000 ml ha-1 was found effective to reduce the incidence of gall midge. All the botanicals were safe to natural enemies. For this reason, these botanicals may provide an effective and eco-friendly alternate to conventional synthetic insecticides and can be incorporated in the integrated pest management programme of rice pests.
What drives the impact of women directors on firm performance? Evidence from intellectual capital efficiency of US listed firms

The purpose of this paper is to study whether the presence of women directors on the corporate board influences financial performance (FP). To examine the underlying causal mechanism, the authors modeled firm-level intellectual capital efficiency (ICE) in the relationshipbetween board gender diversity (BGD) and FP. ,Using a sample of 5,879 US firms, a structural model of BGD, IC and FP is conceptualized by accounting for the endogeneity issues and alternative measures of the key variables in the empirical framework. In the model, the percentage of women directors is taken as BGD measures and value-added intellectual coefficient as an IC performance measure, considering governance and corporate performance measures. ,The authors find a significant impact of BGD on FP. In particular, the results suggest: BGD is linked to IC; the influence of board gender diversity on the FP is indirect; and ICE fully mediates the relationship between BGD and FP. ,To the best of the author’s knowledge, no study has empirically investigated whether the firm-level IC performance explains the influence of BGD on FP. Drawing on the resource-based view and organizational learning theory of the firm, the authors empirically modeled the relationship between BGD and FP through a mediation mechanism of firm-level ICE to fill the void in the literature.
Effect of Income Rate, Education, Religiosity to Muzakki Interest to Pay Zakat; Case Study of National Amil Zakat Board Central Java

The purpose of this research is to prove the influence of each independent variable consisting of income, education, religiosity to the dependent variable that is the interest of muzakki to pay zakat at the National Amil Zakat board Central Java namely the National Amil Zakat Board Surakarta. The research method is in quantitative research with the sampling technique that is a probability sampling technique. The tool used in the data analysis in this research is using validity test, reliability test, classical assumption, multiple regression analysis, The paired sample t-test, and F test. The test results in this research indicate that the income level does not influence the interest with the level sig result of 0.824 where the value is more significant than 0.05, but the next result indicates a significant influence of education level variables with a significance level of 0.19 < 0.05. The degree of religiosity affects the interest of muzakki in tithe with the sig rate of 0.00 <0.05. All three variables have an influence contribution of 38%, while 62% influenced by other variables that are not discussed in this research. Keywords—income, education, religiosity, interests
The regulation of learning and co-creation of new knowledge in mobile learning

Mobile devices as learning tools enrich mobile computer supported collaborative learning (mCSCL). Engaging in metacognitive interaction promotes students’ regulatory learning and this can provide a positive influence to learning outcomes. However, despite insightful empirical studies, there is no research into the actual processes of new knowledge creation in this context. This leads to the question of how mobile learning experiences can support the co-creation of new knowledge. Two classroom action research studies were carried out using a qualitative research approach. The analysis of the mobile messages using conversation analysis indicates that self-regulated learning in mCSCL is non-linear, defying existing theory. The findings also show that learners find ways to self-regulate learning activities in socially stimulated learning environments. Through knowledge sharing, students seek new insights into the learning instead of mere transfer of existing content. The Strategic Co-creation of New Knowledge in mCSCL Model has been developed providing innovative ways to approach mobile learning. The findings also comprise improved descriptive models in cross-boundary learning. This research is significant as emerging elements encourage instructors to rethink and design better mobile learning activities to optimize learning. Three recommendations are made and if implemented, will enable learning facilitators to achieve enhanced learning outcomes, engage learners better and improve learning experiences.
Acoustic Ejection Mass Spectrometry for High-Throughput Analysis

We describe a mass spectrometry (MS) analytical platform resulting from the novel integration of acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) technology, an open-port interface (OPI), and electrospray ionization (ESI) MS that creates a transformative system enabling high-speed sampling and label-free analysis. The ADE technology delivers nanoliter droplets in a touchless manner with high speed, precision and accuracy; subsequent sample dilution within the OPI, in concert with the capabilities of modern ESI-MS, eliminates the laborious sample preparation and method development required in current approaches. This platform is applied to a variety of experiments, including high-throughput (HT) pharmacology screening, label-free in situ enzyme kinetics, in vitro and in vivo adsorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, pharmacokinetic (PK) and biomarker analysis, and HT parallel medicinal chemistry. One Sentence Summary ADE-OPI-MS is a transformational analytical platform that increases mass spectrometry utility via sub-second speed and non-contact sampling.