Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manipulation of the aquatic physical environment and its relationship with ectoparasitic infection in dumbo catfish (Clarias sp)

Fish disease is an obstacle in the cultivation of Dumbo catfish (Clarias sp.) which can result in fish death. The need for information on how to prevent and treat fish diseases is very necessary. This study aims to determine the effect of aeration duration on water quality, ectoparasite intensity, prevalence, dominance, survival and condition factors, then correlate water quality with ectoparasite intensity. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. Treatment includes aeration 0 hours/day, 6 hours/day, 12 hours/day, 18 hours/day and 24 hours/day. Data analysis using ANOVA of a certain level of significance. If there is a noticeable difference from each treatment, proceed to the DUNCAN test. Test the correlation of water quality with ectoparasite intensity. The result of this study is that long aeration can increase oxygen solubility, acidity but reduce ammonia and nitrite. The correlation value of oxygen solubility in ectoparasite intensity is 0.828, acidity (pH) is 0.849, ammonia is -0.888, nitrite is -0.592. The prevalence value of P0 and P1 is 0%, P2 is 89%, P3 and P4 is 100%. The intensity of ectoparasites in Dumbo catfish (Clarias sp.), at P0 is 2, P1 is 13, P2 is 75, while at P3 and P4 is 100. The dominance of ectoparasites that infect is Trichodina sp. by 71.7-100% and Dactylogyrus sp. by 0-28.4%. The survival rate of fish at P0 was highest with a value of 89%, P1 at 84%, P2 at 71%, P3 and P4 rates at 0%. The value of the condition factor then P0 and P1 have a value of 1, P2, P3 and P4 have a condition factor value of 1. It is concluded that the longer aeration is given, the solubility of oxygen increases which results in an increase in the intensity and prevalence of ectoparasite infections, the pH of the water becomes neutral and decreases the content of ammonia and nitrite. There is a moderate to very strong correlation between water quality and ectoparasite intensity. There is an increase in the prevalence of infection, ectoparasite intensity and fish mortality so that it can reduce the survival and condition factors of Dumbo catfish (Clarias sp.). Keywords:AerationInfectionEctoparasitesClarias sp
Fairness in Predictive Learning Analytics: A Case Study in Online STEM Education

In this study, we investigate the fairness of predictive models in online courses. Our focus is on STEM courses and the prediction of underperforming students. The analysis of the model's fairness is dedicated to students' protected information: gender and age. The Open University Learning Analytics Dataset is selected for this study and two moments of prediction were created for the predictive models: before the midterm and two weeks before the final. The fairness of prediction models is assessed under three conditions: 1) models incorporating students' demographics and interactions with the virtual learning environment, 2) models relying solely on students' interactions with the online learning environment, and 3) models with imposed constraints on age and gender. The results show that hiding students' protected information lowers the fairness of the models. Contrary to that, using these protected attributes to enforce constraints improved fairness while still having good overall accuracy.
Association of living alone and living alone time with hypertension among Chinese men aged 80 years and older: a cohort study

Objective There is little evidence of the influence of living alone on hypertension risk among men 80 years or older. Additionally, the influence of living alone duration on hypertension risk lacks thorough investigation. Hence, this cohort study examines living alone and its duration’s link to hypertension risk in this specific group. Methods We included 2009 older men aged ≥80 years without hypertension from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in the 2008 wave. Follow-up was conducted in the 2011 wave. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess hypertension risk related to living alone and living alone time. Results We included 2,009 older men, with a mean age of 90.7 years (standard deviation: 6.8). Over a median follow-up of 2.9 (1.3–3.0) years, 573 participants (28.5%) developed hypertension. Living alone was significantly associated with a higher hypertension risk than living with family (HR: 1.42; 95% CI 1.11–1.80). When compared to living with family, the hypertension risk was increased in the first quartile of living alone time (0–6.1 years) (HR: 1.76; 95% CI 1.16–2.66), the second quartile (6.1–10.6 years) (HR: 1.56; 95% CI 1.07–2.29), and the third quartile (10.6–19.3 years) (HR: 1.66; 95% CI 1.08–2.55). Surprisingly, no significant association was found in the fourth quartile (≥19.3 years) with hypertension risk. Stratified and Interaction analyses indicated no significant interaction effects between subgroups. Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results. Conclusion Living alone was independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension in older men. The highest risk was found in those with the least time alone. These findings imply that social isolation and lack of companionship could be pivotal in hypertension development. Furthermore, the study highlights the need to consider living alone duration when assessing its impact on health outcomes.
Liquidity Values in Municipal Accounting in the Czech Republic

The aim of this paper is to present the results of a study which analyzes the use of liquidity management among municipalities within the Czech Republic. A research carried out by the Faculty of Management and Economics of TBU in Zlín found that the use of liquidity management in Czech cities is still relatively low. Two basic data collection methods were applied: the use of accounting information from the public database (260 municipalities) and a questionnaire survey implemented in the form of controlled interviews (167 respondents). Applying the accounting data database, we sought to determine whether the recommended values of individual liquidity ratios are also valid in the public sector, specifically among municipalities. Based on the data analysis, we ascertained that most liquidity values of municipalities indicate higher values than those stated as recommended for the private sector, but based on this statistical evaluation, it is not possible as of yet to positively confirm this hypothesis at the significance level 0.05. The results of the study showed that municipalities use liquidity management within a limited scope. Non-profit organizations are recommended to control their liquidity according to general rules, whereas for municipalities it is most advantageous to use the quick ratio and cash position ratio. Each municipality can therefore determine the mutual relationship between components of short-term assets and short-term liabilities according to their own conditions and limitations, e.g. when handling flow transfers, money in funds, or tax income and expenses.
TRIALS FOR CONTROL OF VIBRIO ALGINOLYTICUS INFECTION IN CULTURED SEABREAM USING PROBIOTICS

Aquaculture is a main contributor to food and nutrition security, while Egypt is a leading producer. Gilt-head seabream ( Sparus aurata ) is a target for intensification as it is a valuable luxury food. Vibriosis is the most significant disease of maricultur representing a great challenge that could hamper the sustainability of the aquaculture industry. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the modulatory effect of combined probiotic " Lactobacillus fermentum and lactobacillus delbrueckii " on the experimentally-infected seabream by vibrio spp. One hundred and twenty seabreams were divided into four groups: the first two groups were fed non supplemented diet, while the 3rd and 4th groups were fed probiotic-supplemented and florfenicol-supplemented diets, respectively. Hematological, biochemical, growth and feed utilization parameters and pathological examination were applied to all experimental groups. Our result showed that the probiotic-supplemented diet was able to enhance the growth performance and feed utilization parameters, as well as the survivability of the experimentally-infected seabream. In addition, the heamatological, biochemical parameters and histopathological findings were also improved over the control values.
Translocation of soil particles during primary soil tillage.

The loss of soil particles due to water erosion is a crucial problem of current farming on the soil. However, soil tillage may also contribute to the undesirable transport of soil particles. It is to note that the effects of particular working elements used on implements for soil tillage have not been described in a sufficient way. To determine the translocation of soil particles, measurements were done in the Central Bohemian region. Three basic machines for soil tillage were used for measurements: disc tiller, tine cultivator and five-share plough. Measurements were performed on sandy-loamy Cambisol after harvest of a spring cereal crop. White limestone grit was used for the indication of soil particle translocation. Great translocation of soil particles was observed after soil tillage with tine cultivator and mouldboard plough the average translocation rates ranged between 0 and 0.9 m. Disc tiller displaced the soil particles into smaller distance (into 0.3–0.45 m). The dependence of tracer weight on a distance from the original location could be described for disc tiller and tine cultivator by an exponential function. The type of soil particle translocation by a mouldboard plough was completely different from the translocation by a disc tiller and tine cultivator. Topsoil turning over by a plough showed the lengthwise and crosswise movement of tracers with a typical dependence of their weight on a distance from the original location. The dependence of tracer weight on a distance from the original location could be described for mouldboard ploug by an quadratic function. Individual machines for primary tillage have a different character of translocation of soil particles.
Does the future of the favela fit in an aerial cable car? Examining tourism mobilities and urban inequalities through a decolonial lens

ABSTRACT Promising to foster social, economic, and spatial integration, as well as tourism opportunities, the application of gondola lift systems to segregated urban areas has attracted widespread attention. In the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, the aerial cable car system is a key component of place-branding strategies that are preparing the city for global mega events. Under a decolonial lens and the inspiration of the New Mobilities Paradigm, the idealization, the uses, and disputes around this transportation device, celebrated as capable of adding touristic value to despoiled landscapes, allow for a more comprehensive understanding of heated conflicts over mobility patterns, especially concerning favelas as touristic destinations, that are contemporary but are also extensions of older inequalities played out in Brazil. The conclusion highlights the need to infer about the future of the megacities in which tourism flows are increasingly legitimating high-cost infrastructural proposals which neglect genuinely participatory and inclusive public consultation methods.
Development of the Running Identity Scale

The construct of running identity has been explored in both the sport psychology (e.g., Busanich, McGannon, & Schinke, 2012) and sport sociology lite rature (e.g., Allen-Collinson & Hockey, 2007). In comparison to other athletes, runners are typically more susceptible to exercise addiction (Coen & Ogles, 1993; Sachs, 1981), eating d sorders (Wheeler, Wall, Belcastro, Conger, & Cumming, 1986), and preoccupation with le anness (Allen-Collinson & Hockey, 2007; Busanich et al., 2015). While instruments suc h as the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS; Brewer, Van Raalte, & Linder, 1993) and the Public-Private Athletic Identity Scale (PPAIS; Nasco & Webb, 2006) measure athletic identi ty, there are no instruments to date that assess the psychosocial nuances of running identity , or he degree to which one identifies with the runner role. Therefore, the purpose of the curr ent study was to develop a reliable and valid scale that assesses running identity. Items were cr ated based on a literature review and a modified Delphi technique (Hsu & Sandford, 2007). F our hundred thirty-seven high-level U.S. runners completed 30 preliminary items in addition the AIMS, PPAIS, demographic items, and three open-ended questions about running identi ty. An exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring and direct oblimin rotatio n was utilized to analyze the psychometric properties of the instrument. The resulting solutio n c mprised 11 items and three factors: (a) Running Performance (α = .82); (b) Running Exclusivity (α = .81); and (c) Running Self-Identity (α = .67). The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficien t for the overall scale was . 85. Running Identity Scale scores were positively correlated wi th both AIMS (r = .69, p < .01) and PPAIS scores ( r = .56, p < .01), which demonstrated convergent validity. Im plications and future directions are also discussed.
Influences of cognitive load on center of pressure trajectory of young male adults with excess weight during gait initiation

Introduction: Falls and fall-related injuries in young male adults with excess weight are closely related to an increased cognitive load. Previous research mainly focuses on analyzing the postural control status of these populations performing cognitive tasks while stabilized walking progress but overlooked a specific period of walking known as gait initiation (GI). It is yet unknown the influences of cognitive load on this population’s postural control status during GI. Objective: This study aimed to determine the influences of cognitive load on the center of pressure (CoP) trajectory of young male adults with excess weight during GI. Design: A controlled laboratory study. Methods: Thirty-six male undergraduate students were recruited and divided into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their body mass index (BMI). Participants’ CoP parameters during GI under single and dual-task conditions were collected by two force platforms. A mixed ANOVA was utilized to detect significant differences. Results: Compared with the normal-weight group, the obese group showed significant changes in the duration and CoP parameters during sub-phases of GI, mainly reflecting prolonged duration, increased CoP path length, higher mediolateral CoP displacement amplitude, and decreased velocity of anteroposterior CoP displacement. During GI with 1-back task, significantly increased mediolateral CoP displacement amplitude occurred in the obese group. During GI with 2-back task, the obese group had increased CoP path length, higher mediolateral CoP displacement amplitude, as well as a decreased velocity of CoP displacement. Conclusion: Based on the changes in CoP parameters during GI with cognitive tasks, young male adults with excess weight, mainly obese ones, have compromised postural stability. During GI with a difficult cognitive task, obese young male adults are more susceptible to deterioration in their lateral postural balance. These findings indicate that the increased cognitive load could exacerbate obese young male adults’ postural control difficulty during GI under dual-task conditions, putting them at a higher risk of experiencing incidents of falls. Based on these findings, we offer suggestions for therapists to intervene with these young male adults to ensure their safety of GI.
Variations and dynamics of extractive economies: the rural-urban nexus of non-timber forest use in the Bolivian Amazon

Summary ixGlossary xiiAbbreviations and Acronyms xvii1 INTRODUCTION 11.1 Statement of the problem 11.1. 1 Extractive economies in the context of tropical deforestation 11.1. 2 The call for extractive reserves, or, two divergent views of extractivism 31.1. 3 Extractivism from a livelihoods perspective 71.1. 4 The spatial and temporal dimension of extractive economies 91.1. 5 The rural-urban nexus of extractivism in the northern Bolivian Amazon 131.1. 6 Summary of the problems addressed and resulting research needs 171.2 Objectives, research questions, and structure of the study 181.2. 1 Objectives 181.2. 2 Guiding research questions 191.2. 3 Terminology and definitions 201.2. 4 Organization of the dissertation 221.3 Point of departure: disciplinary and theoretical pluralism and transparency of values 231.3. 1 General methodological approach 231.3. 2 Positivist vs. constructivist/naturalistic philosophy of science 241.3. 3 Own values, paradigms, and root assumptions 361.3. 4 Limitations to the study 401.4 Study region: the northern Bolivian Amazon 421.4. 1 Physiographic conditions and demography 421.4. 2 The macroeconomic and political framework 452 ADVANCE OF THE EXTRACTIVE FRONTIER: RAIN FOREST USE IN NORTHERNBOLIVIA, 1820-1995 492.1 Analytical framework and research questions 492.2 Exploitation of Peruvian bark in the pre-rubber era, 1820s-1859 512.3 The early rubber era: emergence of rubber estates, 1860-1897 56
Engaging Novice Programmers: A Literature Review of the Effect of Code Critiquers on Programming Self-efficacy

Several rule-based code critiquing systems have been developed to support programmers. However, these systems often are targeted toward experienced learners. Novice learners often lack self-efficacy in programming [1]-code critiquers targeted at novice programmers to promote student learning and enrich the overall education system are essential. Students' self-efficacy for programming is the perception of students' competence concerning programming [2], an essential attribute of computer science education. This paper examines existing literature on the impact of self-efficacy on students in programming. This work focuses on empirical work in programming education that independently addresses and develops theories specific to student programming-at the same time, addressing the existing gap in understanding the impact of code critiquers on student self-efficacy. The systematic review followed guidelines proposed by Kitchenham methodology. Findings revealed various factors that improve self-efficacy and provide evidence of significant sources of self-efficacy in programming. Moreover, the investigation guides further research in designing code critiquers to enhance the self-efficacy of novice learners. This work is part of a more significant effort to investigate the use of antipatterns (common programming mistakes) in novice programmers' coding. This sub-project aims to determine if the use of a code critiquer by first-year engineering students will improve student self-efficacy regarding programming.
Evaluation of CLASS Snow Simulation over Eastern Canada

AbstractThe Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS), version 3.6. 1, was run offline for the period 1990–2011 over a domain centered on eastern Canada, driven by atmospheric forcing data dynamically downscaled from ERA-Interim using the Canadian Regional Climate Model. The precipitation inputs were adjusted to replicate the monthly average precipitation reported in the CRU observational database. The simulated fractional snow cover and the surface albedo were evaluated using NOAA Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System and MODIS data, and the snow water equivalent was evaluated using CMC, Global Snow Monitoring for Climate Research (GlobSnow), and Hydro-Quebec products. The modeled fractional snow cover agreed well with the observational estimates. The albedo of snow-covered areas showed a bias of up to −0.15 in boreal forest regions, owing to neglect of subgrid-scale lakes in the simulation. In June, conversely, there was a positive albedo bias in the remaining snow-covered areas, likely caused b.
Design and Implementation of Large-Scale Summer Undergraduate Research Programs

Experiential learning opportunities (study abroad, service learning, and research experiences) support and enable the continuing evolution of undergraduate engineering programming from a focus on the ‘curriculum’ to the ‘experience. ’ Orchestrating large-scale research programs for undergraduates presents significant challenges related to programming, the research itself, engineering professional formation, and assessment of all three. This paper reports on two continuous years' implementation of a large-scale undergraduate summer research program focused on technical research in energetic materials supported by the US Department of Defense via the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). The design and execution of the program were non-trivial and contained challenges and affordances. Evidence-based practice was used to justify program improvements. The paper describes four important design considerations: (i) the appropriate balance between technical research experience and programmatic activities focused on engineering professional formation, (ii) the creation of a “human talent pathway” from undergraduate students to potential graduate students to potential energetic materials scientists and engineers employed by the ARL, (iii) the development of interest in relevant careers and (iv) the promotion of graduate school. Using evidence-based practice, thematic analysis, and continuous improvement frameworks, we assessed each element of the overall program through quantitative and qualitative surveys of student researchers and their mentors across two implementations. Our measurements indicate tension between the technical and professional goals of the program. The second iteration of the program shifted the balance towards technical research. It decreased the role of formal professional development activities while re-committing to the workforce elements of the experience. We conclude that streamlined programs with low-frequency, high-impact events complementing the research allow students to retain the most meaning and knowledge. We provide examples of lessons learned through our continuous improvement process, including the importance of student and mentor feedback and flexibility in program content and delivery. Finally, we present recommendations for the pedagogical design of future undergraduate research programs, including accommodating cohorts with diverse educational backgrounds.