Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Prosopis juliflora Linnaeus emend. Burkart on aspects of biodiversity and selected habitat conditions in Baringo Kenya

Invasive alien species are a leading cause of biodiversity loss in the world today. In Kenya, Prosopis juliflora Linnaeus emend. Burkart is one of the most problematic invasive plant species. The origins and pattern of introduction of Prosopis juliflora into East Africa are not well known but large-scale introductions occurred in the 1980s. Little information is available on how its innate characteristics interact with the local habitat characteristics. Four hypotheses were tested to explain the effects of the invasion of P. juliflora on soil nutrient status, diversity of indigenous plant species, diversity of floral insect visitors of native Acacia spp. , and how the invasive tree’s genetic diversity would relate to the rate of invasion. Plant and soil sampling was carried using modified Whittaker plots. P. juliflora density had significant influence on total organic carbon, and pH. The invasive species also had a negative effect on overall native plant species richness and density of Acacia species. This was a clear indication that P. juliflora is having an effect on the species richness of local species and that either P. juliflora is slowly replacing the indigenous Acacia species, or that the established stands of Acacia in non-disturbed conditions are a good deterrent to the encroaching P. juliflora. The results showed that P. juliflora is a preferred source of floral resources for A. mellifera during the dry season. Allozyme analysis revealed minimal genetic distance between populations. This study shows that the invasive species has negative consequences to the local ecosystem at high densities. Key words: Prosopis juliflora, Acacia species, species richness, soil properties, pollinators, genetic diversity
Biogeochemical Controls of Particulate Phosphorus Distribution Across the Oligotrophic Subtropical Pacific Ocean

We investigated basin‐wide distributions of total particulate phosphorus (TPP) and associated biogeochemical parameters in the euphotic zone (EZ) of the subtropical North and South Pacific Ocean. TPP is primarily composed of living microorganisms, and its distribution is likely controlled by nitrogen (N) supply in typical N‐limited Pacific waters as well as phosphorus (P) supply in P‐limited western North Pacific. TPP concentrations showed a vertically uniform distribution (approximately 15 nM) within the EZ at most stations, but at several northern North Pacific stations, TPP peaks (>20 nM) were observed in the lower EZ where nitrate and nitrite concentrations were high. Relationships between TPP and biogeochemical parameters indicate that a possible factor controlling TPP in the upper EZ was dinitrogen fixation and that in the lower EZ was shoaling of the nitracline. Geographical distribution of TPP was relatively uniform compared to that of phosphate, which varied from <10 nM in the western North Pacific to >100 nM in the eastern North and South Pacific. The western North Pacific was a domain characterized by lower dissolved organic P (DOP) concentrations, higher alkaline phosphatase activities, and higher particulate polyphosphate (PpolyP):TPP ratios compared to other domains. These characteristics indicated that active DOP utilization and PpolyP accumulation could play important roles in the maintenance of TPP stocks as alternatives to phosphate utilization in this distinctive domain. Our results demonstrated that TPP distributions were vertically and geographically uniform across the subtropical Pacific Ocean, concealing that TPP stocks were likely underpinned by a range of nutrient supply mechanisms.
Accomplishments and challenges of pigeonpea breeding research in India

Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. ] is a protein-rich pulse crop which can grow well under soil moisture limited environments. The crop can play a significant role in meeting the challenges of global food security under the looming threats of climate change, soil degradation and rising production costs. This would be possible through fasttrack breeding of new cultivars with high and stable performances. This paper reviews the achievements of pigeonpea breeding research and suggests the growth trajectory for future programmes related to breeding of high yielding pure line and hybrid cultivars. In the past few decades, three pigeonpea breeding milestones have made their mark. These include development of (i) medium maturing disease resistant pigeonpea cultivars for greater yield and stability, (ii) high yielding early maturing pigeonpea cultivars for area expansion involving new production niches, and (iii) a trend setting hybrid breeding technology for breaking the decades-old low yield plateau. These innovations are showing their positive impact on pigeonpea production and productivity and hold promise for achieving nutritional security of masses in the country.
The nexus of remittances, institutional quality, and financial inclusion

Abstract The present article adopted the dynamic panel data method to investigate the effect of the inflow of remittances on financial inclusion (FI), particularly focusing on high remittance-receiving developing countries between 2011 and 2018. The current research found that remittances that foster FI are associated with better institutional quality. The evidence revealed that the effect of remittances on FI is conditional upon individuals’ perception of the institutions. Positive coefficient on the interaction terms indicates that the impact of remittances on FI can be enhanced in the recipient countries, if the public trusts the financial institutions. Hence, the overall results of the current research suggest that the impact of remittances on FI is conditional on institutions. On a final note, the policy implications of these findings are thoroughly evaluated at the end of this article.
Inspiratory muscle training on lung function of male roller hockey players: a randomized controlled trial pilot study

Abstract Background: There is evidence that inspiratory muscle training (IMT) increases the athlete's performance by decreasing the work of the respiratory muscles during exercise. IMT has shown positive results in the pulmonary function of athletes, and it was hypothesized that 4 weeks of intervention could increase lung function at rest. Investigate the influence of IMT on lung function of male roller hockey players. Methods: Eleven male roller hockey players were randomized and allocated in the experimental group (EG) or control group (CG). Forced expiratory volume in first second, forced vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were assessed with spirometry, in the beginning of the study and 4 weeks later. The EG (n = 6) was submitted to an IMT using a threshold during 4 weeks, 3 times a week, 30 repetitions with 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure. The CG (n = 5) was not submitted to any intervention. Results: Baseline pulmonary variables, forced expiratory volume in first second, forced vital capacity, and PEF, sociodemographic, and anthropometric characteristics were not significantly different among EG and CG. Significant increase on PEF (P = .033) was found in the EG after IMT. Conclusion: IMT with threshold seems to have a positive impact on PEF in roller hockey players. These findings may be corroborated by further controlled randomized studies.
Strength of weakness – quality managers as agents of multiple principals

ABSTRACT The paper investigates quality management in teaching and learning in higher education institutions from a principal-agent perspective. Based on data gained from semi-structured interviews and from a nation-wide survey with quality managers of German higher education institutions, the study shows how quality managers position themselves in relation to their perception of the interests of other actors in higher education institutions. The paper describes the various interests and discusses the main implications of this constellation of actors. It argues that quality managers, although they may be considered as rather weak actors within the higher education institution, may be characterised as having a strength of weakness due to diverging interests of their principals.
Effects of root exudates of transgenic cotton (Bt cotton) plants on selected plant growth promoting microbes

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of root exudates of transgenic cotton (Bt cotton) plants on selected plant growth promoting microbes. Root exudates were collected from the Rhizosphere soil of Bt and non Bt cotton (RCH BG II and RCH respectively) at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and 60 days after sowing (DAS) under in vitro condition and incorporated in to the respective broth of selected beneficial microbes (Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride). Presence of Cry 1 Ac and Cry 2 Ab (endo-toxins) in Bt cotton root exudates was confirmed with qualitative Desi-Gen ELISA Kit assay. The population count results revealed that no population variation on any of the microbes which were tested in both the root exudates taken from 30 and 60 DAS of the Bt and non Bt cotton. Among four microbes A. brasilense was found in high numbers and the least was T. viride. At 30 DAS A. brasilense and P. fluorescens were higher in Bt cotton where as B. megaterium and T. viride were found to be high in non Bt cotton. On 60 DAS A. brasilense and T. viride was more in Bt cotton, P. fluorescens was more in non Bt cotton. The population of B. megaterium was on par in both Bt and non Bt cotton. However there were no significant differences observed between cultivar in both the stages (30 and 60 DAS) on functional microbes.
The Influence of Warming Patterns on Passive Ocean Heat Uptake

The climate's response to forcing depends on how efficiently heat is absorbed by the ocean. Much, if not most, of this ocean heat uptake results from the passive transport of warm surface waters into the ocean's interior. Here we examine how geographic patterns of surface warming influence the efficiency of this passive heat uptake process. We show that the average pattern of surface warming in CMIP5 damps passive ocean heat uptake efficiency by nearly 25%, as compared to homogeneous surface warming. This “pattern effect” occurs because strong ventilation and weak surface warming are robustly colocated, particularly in the Southern Ocean. However, variations in warming patterns across CMIP5 do not drive significant ensemble spread in passive ocean heat uptake efficiency. This spread is likely linked to intermodel differences in ocean circulation, which our idealized results suggest may be dominated by differences in Southern Ocean and subtropical ventilation processes.
Analytical study of the direct initiation of gaseous detonations for small heat release

An analysis of the direct initiation of gaseous detonations in a spherical geometry is presented. The full set of constitutive equations is analysed by an asymptotic analysis in the double limit of Mach number close to unity (small heat release) and large thermal sensitivity. The quasi-steady curvature-induced quenching phenomenon is first revisited in this limit. Considering a realistic decrease rate of the rarefaction wave, the unsteady problem is reduced to a single nonlinear hyperbolic equation. The time-dependent velocity of the lead shock is an eigenfunction of the problem when two boundary conditions are imposed to the flow at the lead shock and at the burnt gas side. Following (Liñan et al., C. R. Méc., vol. 340, 2012, pp. 829–844), the boundary condition in the quasi-transonic flow of burnt gas is expressed in terms of the curvature. Focusing our attention on successful initiation, the time-dependent velocity of the lead shock of a detonation approaching the Chapman–Jouguet regime is the solution of a nonlinear integral equation investigated for stable and marginally unstable detonations. By comparison with the quasi-steady trajectories in the phase space ‘propagation velocity versus radius’, the solution exhibits the unsteady effect produced upon the detonation decay by the long time delay of the upstream-running mode for transferring the rarefaction-wave-induced deceleration across the inner detonation structure from the burnt gas to the lead shock. In addition, a new and intriguing phenomenon concerning pulsating detonations is described. Even if the results are not quantitatively accurate, they are qualitatively relevant for real detonations.
Study the iron status in children with febrile seizures: a hospital based cross sectional study

Febrile seizures are most common form of childhood seizures. These accounts to 2% to 5% in children below 5 years of age. Febrile seizures are seizures that occur in the age group of 6 months to 5 years with the temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher, that are not caused due to the result of central nervous system infection or any metabolic cause and without any history of prior afebrile seizures.
Dermatoglyphics in common: genetic disorders and cancers

This review article offers information to deal with fingerprints within the most prevalent genetic disorders and cancers. Dermatoglyphic refers to the formation of present ridges in some body parts like fingers, palm, soles, and toes; these ridges unchanged throughout life. There are three sorts of fingerprint patterns: Arches, loops, and whorls. The most pattern of dermatoglyphics is related to genetic disorders as in Down syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome and applied in medicinal studies and also useful within the diagnosis of the many genetic disorders and a few sorts of cancers. Ridge count one among the foremost important parameters which will be advantaged for determine some genetic disorder and cancers like thalassemia, carcinoma, thyroid, and cervical cancers, but there are controversial from studies to studies not confirmed altogether research. Another parameter could also be differences in some sorts of cancers and statistically significant, for instance in early diagnosis of prostate cancer. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5281/zenodo.3996477
Oral Hard Tissue Lesions: A Radiographic Diagnostic Decision Tree

BACKGROUND: Focusing on history taking and an analytical approach to patient’s radiographs, help to narrow the differential diagnoses. AIM: This narrative review article aimed to introduce an updated radiographical diagnostic decision tree for oral hard tissue lesions according to their radiographic features. METHODS: General search engines and specialized databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Embase, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and authenticated textbooks were used to find relevant topics by means of MeSH keywords such as “jaw diseases,” “maxilla,” “mandible,” “radiolucent,” “radiopaque,” “odontogenic,” “nonodontogenic,” “cysts,” and “tumors. ” Related English-language articles published from 1973 to 2020, including reviews, meta-analyses, and original papers (randomized or non-randomized clinical trials; prospective; or retrospective cohort studies), case reports, and case series about oral hard tissue lesions were appraised. RESULTS: In this regard, bony lesions have been classified according to their radiographic pattern (radiolucent, mixed, radiopaque, and rarified), position (periapical, pericoronal and interradicular), margins (well and ill-defined), relation to dentition (with and without dental association), and number (solitary and multiple). In total, 50 entities were organized in the form of a decision tree. CONCLUSION: In this paper, an updated decision tree was proposed to help dental practitioners to make more accurate diagnoses and better treatment plans on the basis of radiographic characteristics.
Knocking sovereign customers off their pedestals? When contact staff educate, amateurize, and penalize deviant customers

Promoted by marketing discourses, customer sovereignty is characterized by the cult of the customer and the belief that contact staff have to serve the customer. However, research shows that customers adopt improper conduct, such as fraudulent or aggressive behaviors. While largely tolerated, these behaviors prove damaging for contact staff and could eventually lead them to react. How do frontline actors react to such behaviors, which prevent them from developing customer relations in accordance with the mythical discourse? This is the question our article explores. To do so, we use Becker’s interactionism approach to deviance, and investigate how frontline actors in five organizations deal with customer complaints they consider as ‘deviant’. Our results show that when faced with behaviors that they no longer wish to tolerate, contact staff educate, amateurize, or penalize the customer. This research contributes by conceptualizing three alternative forms of relations to customer sovereignty, which contact staff attempt to legitimize through internal and external resources.
Planetary Silicon Valley: Deconstructing New York’s innovation complex

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the use of digital platforms and software for operating remotely and encouraged employers to reshape the workplace for social distancing. But it is not at all clear what these arrangements will mean for cities that have spent the past decade building an ‘innovation complex’ around physical density, digital technology and real estate development. On the one hand, many parts of the tech ecosystem that relied on face-to-face interaction – such as coworking spaces, hackathons and venture capitalists’ mentoring of start-up founders – have already moved online. On the other hand, cutting tech ecosystems loose from place-based offices, labour markets and institutional networks puts cities’ economic future at risk. This could drastically weaken the value of the city’s fixed capital of buildings and land, its social capital of institutional networks and communities, and its human capital of workers with tech skills. Yet partnering with tech leaders to ‘reimagine’ the city could advance the power of Big Tech. To try to understand which parts of the urban tech ecosystem will likely survive the pandemic, I take a critical look at how the discursive, organisational and geographical spaces of a planetary Silicon Valley culture became embedded in New York between 2010 and 2020.
Econometric Analyses of Adoption and Household-Level Impacts of Improved Rice Varieties in the Uplands of Yunnan, China

Higher-yielding rice varieties adapted to the upland conditions of Yunnan were developed and disseminated during the late 1990s. Using cross-sectional farm-level data of 448 households collected from five prefectures in Southern Yunnan, this paper carries out an econometric analysis of the determinants of variations in the adoption of improved varieties among households and assesses the impact of adoption on rice income and total household income. The two major determinants of adoption were found to be the government programs for extension of improved upland rice varieties and for terracing of sloping fields. The presence of government programs for extension and for terracing contributed to increased adoption of improved varieties. Household-specific factors such as land and labor endowments were less important as these variables had a statistically insignificant impact on adoption. The adoption of improved rice varieties increased both rice income and the average household income. About half of the household income difference observed between the full adopters and non-adopters of improved rice varieties with comparable household characteristics can be attributed directly to the adoption. The results imply that increased investments in promoting improved rice varieties and terracing will generate additional income growth in the uplands of Yunnan.
Effect of age of young Simmental bulls on dressing percentage

Considering the Serbias potential and tradition in production of quality beef meat as food for human consumption and raw material in the food industry and the demand of the EU market, shows the need to intensify the production of this foodstuff. Aim of this paper was to analyze the effect of age of young simmental bulls on dressing percentage in slaughterhouse, according to the standard applied in the EU (Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007, Commission Regulation (EC) No 1249/2008; Commission European, DirectorateGeneral for Agriculture and Rural Development). Regulations that define more precisely the quality of meat are only partially implemented in Serbia (Official Gazette of the SFRY 34/74, 26/75, 13/78). The accuracy of the slaughter processing of carcasses is assessed as adequate in the facility in which the analysis was conducted. The study was conducted on 116 young bulls carcasses, from redemption. Two groups of young bulls (cattle) were formed, first group the age of 269-350 days and second group the age of 351-450 days. The results show that due to the wider age intervals in the second group (351-450 days) the difference in mass Received 1 June 2017 Accepted 4 September 2017 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXII, 43(2017); 11-21 12 of animals before slaughter and carcass weight after primary processing is statistically significant (P <0.05), while the yield difference between the two groups is statistically insignificant (P> 0.05). The obtained results indicate that it is necessary to undertake concrete measures in the primary sector to achieve better yield and meat quality.
Immunological Effects of Autogenous Vaccine Administration in Cattle with Cutaneous Papillomatosis

Papillomavirus is a viral agent that induces the formation of benign tumors in mammals. There are different treatment methods for cutaneous papilloma caused by the bovine papillomavirus (BPV), and one of them is autogenous vaccination. We aimed to investigate the immunological effects of autogenous vaccination in cattle. In this study, 30 cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis were included. The diagnosis was made by histopathology and polymerase chain reaction, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses, the pathogen responsible for the papilloma was classified as BPV-2 type in the genus of Delta papillomavirus. The papilloma tissue specimens collected from each animal were used to prepare the autogenous vaccine. The autogenous vaccine was administered once a week for 4 weeks. The blood samples collected before and after the vaccination were immunologically analyzed. It was determined that the autogenous vaccination led to an increase in the leukocyte, lymphocyte, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Once the vaccine was administered, regression started in the cutaneous papilloma in the first month. As a result, bovine papillomatosis is an economically important infection for dairy farming. It has been concluded that autogenous vaccination is a practical therapeutic method that causes lesions to regress, especially by triggering IL-6 and lymphocyte production in the cattle infected with papillomavirus.