Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small-Disturbance Voltage Stability of Power Systems: Dependence on Network Structure

This paper investigates the impact of network structures on small-disturbance voltage stability of power systems in the long-term. A differential-algebraic model is established in terms of network topology characteristics and the aggregate nonlinear recovery load model. We define the weighted load connectivity (WLC) as an index to indicate the stability of network structures. Then robust stability assessment is used to eliminate the impact of uncertain recovery time of loads. The Monte Carlo method is used to study the relationship between WLC and small-disturbance voltage stability (SDVS) for a broad range of network topologies and parameters. We discover from the simulation results that the network with a larger value of WLC has a stronger ability to maintain SDVS. To further study the impact of renewable energy sources (RESs), we improve the system model by including an inverter-based distributed generator in parallel with each aggregated nonlinear dynamic load. The simulation results of the Hong Kong power grid show that the WLC can still indicate the stability of network structures effectively, and the systems with more stable network structures are less impacted by the penetration of RESs. The proposed WLC appears useful in providing guidance for power network planning and operation.
Diagnosis of Tobacco Related Cancer has Impact on Consumption of Tobacco among Family Members and Friends of Patients

Abstract Introduction: There is a saying that “cancer cures smoking” as people often quit tobacco after diagnosis of cancer. Very few studies have analyzed the change in tobacco habits of a user after diagnosis of cancer in a relative or friend. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 161 friends and relatives of 40 patients treated at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, were interviewed. They were given a questionnaire related to their tobacco habits. The results were analyzed statistically using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney test using SPSS. Results: Of the studied individuals, 114 were friends and 47 were blood relatives. 141 used smokeless tobacco, 18 were smokers, and 2 consumed tobacco in both the forms. The mean frequency of tobacco consumption among the friends and relatives before diagnosis of cancer was 12.24 per day and that at the time of interview was 9.76 per day. 35 persons (21.7%) stopped consumption whereas 19 (11.8%) reduced usage after diagnosis of cancer. The difference in mean consumption at median duration of 174 days is statistically significant (P = 0.0005). Conclusions: The diagnosis of tobacco-related cancer has significant impact on the tobacco consumption of friends and relatives. The abstinence rate is comparable to that of various tobacco deaddiction therapies in vogue.
Perceived Needs for Mental Health Care Among Emerging Adults With Cancer

The challenges of living with cancer can compound the normative stresses of navigating emerging adulthood and have long-term psychiatric consequences. However, there is a lack of information on the mental health services required by this potentially vulnerable group of young people. This study estimated the prevalence of mental disorder among emerging adults (EAs) with cancer and examined their perceived needs for mental health care. Data from 5,590 individuals (15–29 years) who participated in the Canadian Community Health Survey—Mental Health were used in the analyses. The prevalence of mood or substance use disorder among those with cancer (n = 42) was 42.9% compared to 32.2% among controls. EAs with cancer had higher odds of reporting unmet perceived needs for mental health care, OR = 7.72, 95% CI [1.85, 28.57]. This suggests an opportunity to improve future health services aimed at addressing the mental health care needs for EAs with cancer and potentially, other long-term chronic conditions.
Birth Injuries, Risk Factors and Predictors of Outcome in Maiduguri North-eastern Nigeria

Introduction: Birth injuries are impairment of neonatal body function sustained by the baby at birth which can JAMMR, 25(10): 1-8, non-obstetrician was associated with higher risk of birth injury p=0.001. Facial nerve palsy, Erb’s palsy was the common central nervous system injury; perinatal asphyxia was higher 24/61 (39.1%). Soft tissue injury constituted the majority; Facial and skin bruises 37/61 (60.7%), subconjunctival haemorrhage 25/61 (40.1%) cephalhaematoma and subgaleal haemorrhage was 10/61 (16.4%) and 8/61 (13.1%) respectively. Clavicular fracture was the commonest 5/61 (8.2%), followed by humerus 4/61 (6.6%). Two patients with liver and splenic rupture died within 2 days of admission. Conclusion: The risk factors and predictors of birth injuries are intertwined; largely birth injury is avoidable with good antenatal care and prompt management of labour processes by trained personnel.
Consequences of fetal exposure to analgesics for germ cells

Despite the general advice of avoiding medication during pregnancy, the majority of pregnant woman use one or more ‘over the counter’ analgesics. During the last few years there has been growing evidence that analgesic exposure, such as paracetamol, ibuprofen or indomethacin, during pregnancy can have detrimental effects on rodent and human fetal gonads. The majority of previous studies have focused in alterations in testosterone production and male reproductive disorders. However, few studies have analysed the effect of these analgesics on fetal germ cells and possible consequences on fertility. During my thesis, I first focused on the effect of paracetamol and indomethacin exposure during pregnancy on rat fetal gonads. These showed that both paracetamol and indomethacin are able to alter the expression of genes important for fetal gonad and germ cell development. Previous studies on germ cells and analgesics have focused on rat models, but there is a lack of similar studies performed in human models. Therefore, I investigated the consequences of exposure of therapeutically relevant doses of paracetamol and ibuprofen on human gonads, with a special attention to the germ cells. Fetal gonads from the 1 and 2 trimester were used in two different models: hanging drop cultures for 1 trimester testes and ovaries and a xenograft system for 2 trimester fetal testes. Fetal gonad culture in the presence of paracetamol or ibuprofen reduced AP2γ (gonocyte) GC number in both 1 trimester fetal testes (22-28% reduction) and ovaries (43-49% reduction). 2 trimester fetal testes were exposed to three different regimes, 1 or 7 days paracetamol and 7 days ibuprofen, which led to reductions of 17% and 30%, respectively in AP2γ GC number for paracetamol and a 53% reduction in total germ cell number for ibuprofen.
Evaluating Health Interventions Over Time: Empirical Tests of the Validity of the Single Interrupted Time Series Design

Single interrupted time series (ITS) is a quasi-experimental evaluation design used frequently in the health policy literature. This manuscript investigates the validity of single ITS through two within-study comparisons (WSCs), comparing the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the results that would have been obtained had a single ITS design been employed. In Part 1, I discuss the theory underlying both within-study comparisons and single ITS. I propose an assessment framework to determine whether results from a given design should be deemed “concordant” with an RCT for a given intervention. This framework aims to unify metrics for concordance used in the existing literature, and considers both practical and statistical significance. After summarizing best practices of single ITS analysis, I propose two falsification tests to determine whether the single ITS design is well suited for the trend stability of a particular dataset. These tests draws from literature on determining structural breaks in time series data, as well as work on the optimal binning of data in the regression discontinuity design. In Part 2, I conduct two within-study comparisons for single ITS. The first study evaluates a behavior change campaign in Uganda aimed at increasing uptake of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria. The WSC finds that single ITS estimates are highly concordant with that of the RCT, producing almost identical results in both point estimate and standard error. This result is robust to multiple specifications. The second study evaluates the effect of the expansion of Medicaid on emergency department use in Oregon. In this case, the single ITS estimates are so discordant
The Psychophysiological Responses of the Chronic Ischemic Stroke Patients to the Acute Stress were Changed

1Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 2 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Student research committee, Shiraz, Iran; 3 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran; 4Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz, Iran; 5 Baqiyatallah university of medical science, Neuroscience research center, Tehran, Iran. Received: 2018.09. 13; Accepted: 2019.07. 08.
The Connection between Teaching Methods - Alternative or Frontal ? and Mathematics Achievements in Classrooms that Combine Computers in Learning and Teaching

A comparison of teaching methods in mathematics (frontal vs. computer enhanced and/or other alternative methods) in two urban elementary schools (479 students; grades 4-6; total 18 teachers) indicated that a significant difference in the achievement of the students resulted from the latter method, particularly for girls in the case of answering word problems. Follow-up studies corroborated the findings, indicating that the teaching method is a decisive factor in student achievement in math and that enhancing teaching with computer practice is of prime importance.
Relationship between self-efficacy and mathematical connection ability of junior high school students

This study examines the relationship between self-efficacy and mathematical connection ability. This research used survey method with analytical technique correlational. The population in this study were VII grade students in Yogyakarta. As for the sample of this research are 70 seventh grader students, using technique of purposive random sampling. In this study, the research instrument used is a test of mathematical connection and Self-efficacy questionnaire. Data is analysed quantitatively using the Pearson correlation formula. The results of the study, there was a positive relationship between mathematical connection ability and mathematical self-efficacy of students.
The choice between corporate and structured financing: evidence from new corporate borrowings

We examine the factors that influence nonfinancial firms’ choice of issuing standard corporate bonds vis-à-vis contracting structured finance, in the form of project finance or asset securitization arrangements. Using a data set of deals closed by 4,700 European borrowers between 2000 and 2016, we find that informational frictions and issuance costs affect public firms’ borrowing source choices. Findings suggest that borrowers choose structured finance when they are relatively smaller, less profitable, have lower asset tangibility, and seek long-term financing. Our findings also document that borrowers resorting to asset securitization tend to have larger growth opportunity sets. Borrowers resorting to project finance are less creditworthy than corporate bond issuers and, on average, asset securitization deals have an 87.6 basis points borrowing cost advantage over corporate bond deals for switchers.
Consequences of concurrent amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) and alcohol use by young adults: Offending behaviour, victimisation and other harms

In 2009, the young adult cohort for the Natural History Study of Drug Use (NHSDU) was recruited, comprising regular amphetamine-type stimulant users (i.e. ecstasy or methamphetamine; n=352) and a comparison group of non-users (n=204). Information on offending behaviour was collected at the 4 ½ year follow-up, when participants were aged 24 to 27 years. At this stage, around half of the ATS users had recently used ecstasy and one-quarter had recently used methamphetamine (i.e. in the last 12 months). Despite decreases in the quantity of alcohol consumed on a typical drinking occasion, the quantity consumed concurrently with ATS remained high after 4½ years (55% of males and 13% of females consumed > 10 standard drinks on last occasion of ecstasy use). Compared to non-users, significantly greater proportions of ATS users created a public disturbance under the influence of alcohol in the past 12 months (males: 18% vs. 2%; females: 13% vs. 1%). ATS-using drivers were more likely than their non-using counterparts to engage in drink-driving or speeding. These behaviours contributed to crashes. Further, about one quarter (24%) of ATS users had a lifetime diagnosis of conduct disorder, compared to 9% of non-users. At the 12 month study follow-up, ATS users with a history of conduct disorder were more likely than other users to have recently verbally abused (32% vs. 19%) or physically abused (12% vs. 3%) someone. However, rates of antisocial behaviour decreased significantly after 4½ years. Methamphetamine was more strongly linked with antisocial behaviour than ecstasy use. A number of factors increased the likelihood of aggression in methamphetamine users, including high-dosage methamphetamine use, concurrent use of large quantities of alcohol, and a predisposition toward aggression. Frequent methamphetamine users were more engaged with drug dealers than other ATS users. Dealing ATS was associated with substance-related police contact, being charged with a drug-related offence, using higher quantities of ATS across 4½ years, and using a larger range of illicit drugs. Compared to non-users, ATS users had higher rates of ‘intensive’ police contact (e.g. being detained by police) related to their use of alcohol or illicit drugs (ATS users: 46.3%; non-users: 10.7%) and significantly lower perceptions of police respect and trustworthiness with regard to this contact. ATS users had lower levels of belief in the legitimacy of police or the law, were less committed to police, had lower support for drug-law enforcement, and were less willing to cooperate with police. However, strong belief in procedural justice was associated with greater willingness to cooperate and greater support for drug-law enforcement. For a small proportion of ATS users, substance-related police contact was seen as a ‘wake-up call’ and was coupled with reduced or more cautious drug use.
Unexpected side effects in biocrust after treating non‐native plants using carbon addition

Carbon addition has been proposed as an alternative to herbicide and manual removal methods to treat non‐native plants and reduce non‐target effects of treatments (e.g. impacts on native plants; surface disturbance). On Mojave Desert pavement and biocrust substrates after experimental soil disturbance and carbon addition (1,263 g C/m2 as sucrose), we observed declines in lichens and moss cover in sucrose‐treated plots. To further explore this unforeseen potential side effect of using carbon addition as a non‐native plant treatment, we conducted biocrust surveys 5 and 7 years after treatments, sampled surface soils to observe if treatments additionally affected soil filamentous cyanobacteria, and conducted laboratory trials testing the effects of different levels of sucrose on cyanobacteria and desert mosses. Sucrose addition to biocrust plots reduced lichen and moss cover by 33–78% and species richness by 40–80%. Sucrose reduced biocrust cover in biocrust plots to levels similarly detected in pavement plots (<1%). While cyanobacteria in the field did not appear to be affected by sucrose, laboratory tests showed negative effects of sucrose on both cyanobacteria and mosses. Cyanobacteria declined by 41% 1 month after exposure to 5.4 g C/m2 equivalent solutions. We detected injury to photosynthesis in mosses after 96 hour exposure to 79–316 g C/m2 equivalent solutions. Caution is warranted when using carbon addition, at least in the form and concentration of sucrose, as a treatment for reducing non‐native plants on sites where conserving biocrust is a goal.
Pharmacy students’ and pharmacists’ perceptions about geriatric pharmacotherapy education

Background: An adequate background knowledge base in geriatric pharmacotherapy (GPT) must be attained by pharmacists in order for them to provide optimal care to the elderly. Objectives: To investigate the perceptions of pharmacy students about the need for competency in GPT, pharmacists’ level of self-perceived confidence in providing GPT, and their opinions about GPT training and education. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was distributed to pharmacy students from a public university and pharmacists from four public hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia between May and August 2013. Results: The response rates were 85.8% (151/176) and 58.9% (128/217) for the pharmacy students and pharmacists respectively. Pharmacy students agreed with the need for GPT competency (mean agreement: 4.64 ± 0.61), but pharmacists’ self-perceived confidence in GPT was moderate (mean agreement: 3.26 ± 0.71). The respondents’ agreement about the adequacy of GPT education received during their undergraduate studies was also modest (pharmacy students, 3.22 ± 0.86; pharmacists, 2.84 ± 0.82; p <0.01). In addition, the respondents welcomed more education in GPT; considered knowledge in common GPT-related topics as important; preferred software to obtain GPT information; and perceived clinical attachment with geriatricians as useful to enhance their GPT knowledge. Conclusion: Our findings provide a basis to make more GPT education available to both pharmacy students and pharmacists.
The Overview of Media Resources in the Educational Process

Educational media resources are becoming increasingly popular. This actualizes the issues of identifying their role and significance in the educational process, typology, and classification of resources. The methodological basis of this study is an interdisciplinary approach. Based on a review of the literature, the constituent and functional components of an open digital educational environment are identified. The effects arising in the process of informatization of the educational environment are analyzed. It is proved that a new generation of educational media resources is formed as a result of the evolution of traditional learning management systems and their convergence with the principles of open education. This paper describes applications and online services designed to enrich the intellectual potential of partic ipants in the educational process. The authors’ classification of educational media resources is presented in the study. The following characteristics were selected as the defining features for the classification of educational media resources: the technical form of resources, level of user training, user group, type of ownership, type of content, distribution technology, nature of user interaction, specifics. The main functions of an open multimedia educational environment are highlighted, which include compatibility and integration, personalization, analytics, collaboration, accessibility, and universal design. The opportunities for media resources in ensuring the continuity of modern education are revealed. General recommendations on the use of new media in the pedagogical process are given.
Treatment of Shale Oil Produced Water with Zwitterion-modified Forward Osmosis Membrane

Shale oil extraction with hydraulic fracturing consumes large volumes of 3 freshwaters and produces Produced Water (PW) with a high level of organic and 4 inorganic contaminants. This study applied a Forward Osmosis (FO) process to treat shale oil Produced Water (PW) obtained from a Permian Basin shale play in Texas. The FO membrane surface was modified with 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) coating to enhance membrane fouling resistance. The membranes were characterized before and after coating, with contact angle measurement and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The L-DOPA coated FO membrane was utilized to treat PW in a Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) mode, after preliminary filtration with 0.1, 0.2 or 0.45 μm filters. Optimum performance of water flux and flux recovery was observed when pre-treated with 0.1 μm. The coated membrane was further used to filter simulated PW, and diluted PW which was similar to Eagle Ford PW with TDS around 29,000 mg/L. Results showed that the zwitterionic coating reduced organic matter deposition on the membrane surface, and repelled salt ions to alleviate internal concentration polarization.
Thrombophlebitis at infusion sites in surgical ward: a clinical study

The most common complication associated with it is thrombophlebitis with incidence varying according to different settings (3.7% 67.24%). Thrombophlebitis is the inflammation of the vessel wall due to the formation of blood clot. Clinical signs of phlebitis are localized redness, warmth, swelling and palpable venous cord3. Over the last two decades, studies about phlebitis have divided the riskfactors into four main groups: patient characteristics, therapy administered health professional practices and cannula characteristics.
Reliability of the KK’017 questionnaire – test-retest military cadets

Background and Study Aim: From the perspective of research methodology, simulation methods provide the greatest probability of predicting how a human will work in difficult and extreme situations. The main premise for the need to base the diagnosis of this category of activities on mixed assessments (praxeological and ethical) is the commonly perceived brutalization of interpersonal relationships. The purpose of the work is empirical verification of the reliability of the KK’017 questionnaire. Material and Methods: The KK’017questionnaire includes 12 statements (or questions) informing about hypothetical situations with its participation. The result of each respondent’s declaration is based on one of four mixed assessments (conventional points, which simplifies statistical analysis): 3 (most socially desirable); 2 (does not compromise the hypothetical maker in an ethical sense but indicates a lack of efficiency); 1 (testifies to the effectiveness but disgraces the maker); 0 (informs about extreme social maladjustment). The test-retest method was used 14 days apart. Twenty-two military cadets (male) of the second year of study were tested, age 22.97 ±1.63 years. Results: The KK’017 questionnaire reliability confirmed the following highest correlations: r = 0.822 for “jump into the water to save a drowning person”; r = 0.795 for “a serious accident on the road when the respondent is in a hurry for an important meeting”; r = 0.766 for “the need to help others”. Others from r = 0.761 to r = 0.556. Conclusions: The test-retest results are empirical evidence that the KK’017 questionnaire meets the methodological criteria of the tool intended for simulation tests. Therefore, the recommendation of KK’017 for research on youth and adults is justified.