Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fetal growth restriction and risk of chronic lung disease among infants born before the 28 th week of gestation

Objective— Improvement in survival of extremely premature infants over the past several decades has resulted in an increase in the number infants with chronic lung disease (CLD). Historical neonatal exposures associated with CLD now less frequently precede the disease. There is now increasing interest in exposures and events before delivery that predict CLD. The objective of this study was to identify current antenatal predictors of CLD. Patients and Methods— We collected data about antenatal, placental and neonatal characteristics of 1241 newborns delivered before completion of the 28th week of gestation who were enrolled in a 14-center, observational study conducted during the years 2002-2004. Associations between antenatal factors, microbiologic and histologic characteristics of the placenta, and selected neonatal characteristics and CLD risk were first evaluated in univariate analyses. Subsequent multivariate analyses investigated the contribution of antenatal factors, particularly fetal growth restriction (FGR), to CLD risk. Results— Among the antenatal factors, birth weight Z-score, used as a marker of FGR, provided the most information about CLD risk. Indicators of placental inflammation and infection were not associated with increased risk of CLD. Within nearly all strata of antenatal, placental and neonatal variables, growth restricted infants increase CLD risk. Future investigations should focus on the impact of FGR on growth factors that modulate lung growth.
Tumor Immunity against a Simian Virus 40 Oncoprotein Requires CD8 (cid:1) T Lymphocytes in the Effector Immune Phase (cid:1)

The required activities of CD4 (cid:1) T cells and antibody against the virally encoded oncoprotein simian virus 40 (SV40) Tag have previously been demonstrated by our laboratory to be mediators in achieving antitumor responses and tumor protection through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In this study, we further characterize the necessary immune cell components that lead to systemic tumor immunity within an experimental pulmonary metastatic model as the result of SV40 Tag immunization and antibody production. Immunized animals depleted of CD8 (cid:1) T cells at the onset of experimental tumor cell challenge developed lung tumor foci and had an overall decreased survival due to lung tumor burden, suggesting a role for CD8 (cid:1) T cells in the effector phase of the immune response. Lymphocytes and splenocytes harvested from SV40 Tag-immunized mice experimentally inoculated with tumor cells synthesized increased in vitro levels of the Th1 cytokine gamma interferon (IFN- (cid:2) ), as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and ﬂow cytometry assays. CD8 (cid:1) T-cell activity was also heightened in SV40 Tag-immunized and tumor cell-challenged mice, based upon intracellular production of perforin, conﬁrming the cytolytic properties of CD8 (cid:1) T cells against tumor cell challenge. Altogether, these data point to the role of recombinant SV40 Tag protein immunization in initiating a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response during tumor cell dissemination and growth. The downstream activity of CD8 (cid:1) T cells within this model is likely initiated from SV40 Tag-speciﬁc antibody mediating ADCC tumor cell destruction.
Klotho provides a protective role against podocyte injury via cell cycle-dependent manner under diabetic conditions

Background: Most studies on the protective effect of klotho against renal injury have been focused on tubulopathy instead of glomerular cells. The aim of this study was to test whether klotho can exert a protective effect against podocyte injury in an experimental model of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: In vitro , mouse podocytes were cultured in a medium containing 5.6 mM glucose (NG) or a high (30 mM) glucose concentration (HG) with or without 200 pM recombinant klotho (rKL). Additionally, a knockdown of klotho was performed using a small interfering RNA to examine the effect of endogenous klotho. In vivo , 32 mice were injected with either a diluent (n = 16, control) or with streptozotocin intraperitoneally (n = 16, diabetes; DM) to induce diabetes. Eight mice from each control and DM group were treated daily with rKL at 10 μg/kg/day. All the mice were euthanized 4 weeks after the development of diabetes. Results: Protein klotho was expressed in podocytes depending on PPAR-γ. HG treatment increased the expression of cell cycle-related proteins and apoptotic markers, but these changes were significantly attenuated by rKL. Nonetheless, the small interfering RNA against the klotho gene in HG-treated podocytes failed to enhance cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In line with in vitro findings, protein expression of cell cycle-related proteins and apoptotic markers was increased in DM mice compared to control mice, and these increased expression levels were significantly decreased by rKL. Moreover, hypertrophy of glomeruli in DM mice was significantly alleviated after rKL administration. Conclusion: This study showed that klotho is expressed in glomerular podocytes, and its expression is regulated by PPAR-γ. Moreover, administration of klotho can attenuate glomerular hypertrophy via a cell cycle-dependent mechanism and thus decreases apoptosis. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of protective effects of klotho in diabetic nephropathy. expression of p21, p27, and p-p53. in HG group was not further upregulated by siRNA knockdown of klotho. However, absence of klotho slightly increased Bax/Bcl2 ratio in HG-treated podocytes.
β -Blockers, Pneumonia, and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke Evidence From Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive for the VISTA Acute Collaborators*

(BB) therapy has been suggested to have neuroprotective properties and to decrease infectious complications after stroke. We aimed to examine the effects of random pre- and on-stroke BB exposure on mortality, functional outcome, and occurrence of pneumonia after ischemic stroke. Methods —Data including standard demographic and clinical variables as well as prestroke and on-stroke antihypertensive medication, incidence of pneumonia, functional outcome defined using modified Rankin Scale and mortality at 3 months were extracted from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive. For statistical analysis multivariable Poisson regression was used. Results —In total, 5212 patients were analyzed. A total of 1155 (22.2%) patients were treated with BB before stroke onset and 244 (4.7%) patients were newly started with BB in the acute phase of stroke. Mortality was 17.5%, favorable outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale, 0–2) occurred in 58.2% and pneumonia in 8.2% of patients. Prestroke BB showed no association with mortality. On-stroke BB was associated with reduced mortality (adjusted risk ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.42–0.96). Neither prestroke BB nor on-stroke BB showed an association with functional outcome. Both prestroke and on-stroke BB were associated with reduced frequency of pneumonia (adjusted risk ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.6–0.98 and risk ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.25–0.95). Conclusions —In this large nonrandomized comparison, on-stroke BB was associated with reduced mortality. Prestroke and on-stroke BB were inversely associated with incidence of nosocomial pneumonia. Randomized trials investigating the potential of β -blockade in acute stroke may be warranted. ( Stroke . 2015;46:1269-1274. DOI: 10.1161/ STROKEAHA.114.008260.)
Pazopanib Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Age- Pazopanib Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Age-related Macular Degeneration related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a reason of severe vision loss worldwide. Pazopanib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug that can reduce neovascularization by mainly acting on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). An intraocular injection to posterior segment of eye of anti-VEGF agent at present represents the cornerstone of therapies for AMD. However, challenges in targeting and delivering drug to eye’s posterior segment well as difficulties arising from repetitive frequent intraocular injections, which requires novel drug delivery method. In this study, pazopanib loaded PLGA‐NPs were prepared and the studied formulation had particle size of 132.1 ± 1.4 nm with PDI of 0.125 ±0.023 and 0.004± 0.13 mV for zeta potential. Entrapment efficiency was found 33.9 ± 2.5%. In vitro drug release study showed sustained drug lease. In vitro characterization in human retinal pigmented epithelial cell line described MTT assay, cellular uptake, wound scratch and anti-VEGF assay, which indicated that nanoparticles formulation had less toxicity, higher uptake, had superior anti-angiogenic potential and showed prolonged inhibition of VEGF activity. Therefore, pazopanib loaded PLGA nanoparticles were successfully developed, characterized and demonstrated its treatment of AMD.
P. (2017). Dead or alive? The manipulation of neuronal ensembles and pathways by daunorubicin. Brain and Neuroscience Advances 1-5.

Some of the outstanding questions in neuroscience today are aimed at understanding the cellular and network mechanisms responsible for learned behaviours. Being able to identify and subsequently manipulate those specific neurones previously activated in a behavioural episode is key to this endeavour. A number of different methods have now been developed that enable this to be achieved. In this article, we highlight the Daun02– daunorubicin method of disrupting neuronal activity. Despite the fact that the Daun02–daunorubicin method has been used for a number of years and has been applied across a number of different experimental systems, the mechanism by which Daun02–daunorubicin disrupts neuronal activity is not clear. In this article, we summarise some of the advances that have been made by using this technology and we discuss potential mechanisms by which Daun02–daunorubicin disrupts neuronal function.
COPD_A_253561 1557..1564

Stephanie Chauvin Renata Kirkwood 1 Dina Brooks 1,2 Roger S Goldstein 2–4 Marla K Beauchamp 1,2,5 1School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 3Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 4Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 5Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasingly prevalent lung disease linked to dysfunctional balance and an increased risk of falls. The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) evaluates the six underlying subcomponents of functional balance. The aim of this study was to determine the specific balance subcomponents and cut-off scores that discriminate between fallers and non-fallers with COPD to guide fall risk assessment and prevention. Methods: A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from two prior studies in COPD was performed. Independent samples t-tests were used to explore the differences in the BESTest sub-system scores between fallers and non-fallers. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the optimal subcomponent cut-off scores that identified fallers, and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess test accuracy. Results: Data from 72 subjects with COPD (mean age, 70.3 ± 7.4y; mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second, 38.9 ± 15.8% predicted) were analyzed. Two BESTest subcomponents, stability limits/verticality (fallers: 75.4%, non-fallers: 83.8%; p=0.002) and postural responses (fallers: 67.5%, non-fallers: 79.7%; p=0.008) distinguished between fallers and non-fallers. Stability limits/verticality had an AUC of 0.70 and optimal cut-off score of 73.8% for identifying fallers; postural responses had an AUC of 0.67 and optimal cut-off score of 69.4%. Conclusion: The stability limits/verticality and postural responses subcomponents of the BESTest distinguished between fallers and non-fallers with COPD. The stability limits/verticality subcomponent can also be used to identify whether an individual with COPD is at risk of falling using a cut-off score of 73.8%. These findings suggest that specific subcomponents of balance could be targeted to optimize fall risk assessment and prevention in COPD.
Determination of j V ub from Measurements of the Electron and in Inclusive Semileptonic B Decays

We present a determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element j V ub j based on the analysis of semileptonic B decays from a sample of 88 (cid:1) 10 6 (cid:1) (cid:2) 4 S (cid:3) decays collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e (cid:4) e (cid:5) storage ring. Charmless semileptonic B decays are selected using measurements of the electron energy and the invariant mass squared of the electron-neutrino pair. We obtain j V ub j (cid:6) (cid:2) 3 : 95 (cid:7) 0 : 26 (cid:4) 0 : 58 (cid:5) 0 : 42 (cid:7) 0 : 25 (cid:3) (cid:1) 10 (cid:5) 3 , where the errors represent experimental uncertainties, heavy quark parameter uncertainties, and theoretical uncertainties, respectively.
Cotransmission of Divergent Relapsing Fever Spirochetes by Artiﬁcially Infected Ornithodoros hermsi (cid:1) †

The soft tick Ornithodoros hermsi , which ranges in speciﬁc arboreal zones of western North America, acts as a vector for the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii . Two genomic groups (genomic group I [GGI] and GGII) of B. hermsii are differentiated by multilocus sequence typing yet are codistributed in much of the vector’s range. To test whether the tick vector can be infected via immersion, noninfected, colony-derived O. hermsi larvae were exposed to reduced-humidity conditions before immersion in culture suspensions of several GGI and GGII isolates. We tested for spirochetes in ticks by immunoﬂuorescence microscopy and in mouse blood by quantitative PCR of the vtp locus to differentiate spirochete genotypes. The immersed larval ticks were capable of spirochete transmission to mice at the ﬁrst nymphal feeding. Tick infection with mixed cultures of isolates DAH ( vtp-6 ) (GGI) and MTW-2 ( vtp-5 ) (GGII) resulted in ticks that caused spirochetemias in mice consisting of MTW-2 or both DAH and MTW-2. These ﬁndings show that this soft tick species can acquire B. hermsii by immersion in spirochete suspensions, that GGI
Statistical ﬂuctuations in HfO x resistive-switching memory (RRAM): Part I - Set/Reset variability

—Resistive switching memory (RRAM) relies on the voltage-driven formation/disruption of a conductive ﬁlament (CF) across a thin insulating layer. Due to the 1D structure of the CF and the discrete nature of defects, the set and reset states of the memory device generally display statistical variability from cycle to cycle. For projecting cell downscaling and designing improved programming operations, the variability as a function of the operation parameters, such as the maximum current in the set process and the maximum voltage in the reset process, need to be evaluated and understood. This work addresses set/reset variability, presenting statistical data for HfO x -based RRAM and introducing a physics-based Monte Carlo model for switching statistics. The model can predict the distribution of the set state as a function of the compliance (maximum) current during set and the distribution of the reset state as a function of the stop (maximum) voltage during reset. Numerical modeling results are ﬁnally presented to provide additional insight into discrete ﬂuctuation events.
Enhancing Responsible Conduct of Science in Egypt

Within the last few years many studies arouse the issue of scientific ethics violation and misbehavior of responsible conduct of science (RCS) among researchers worldwide. In Egypt, both the academic and research communities suffer as well from RCS problems. Lack of awareness about RCS and wrong practices are one of the major challenges facing the development of the national research community. This study aimed to evaluate the current knowledge about different RCS topics among Egyptian scholars and researchers in order to recommend improvement options to enhance and foster RCS practices in Egypt. Through the project we assessed the current knowledge level of RCS, the need for teaching RCS, identified most required topics, reviewed current teaching methods of RCS and suggested preferable teaching techniques. Data about RCS in Egypt was collected from an online survey, feedbacks and interviews. Total number of participants were280Egyptian graduated student, staff member and researcher who participated in RCS workshops or studied RCS materials at different universities across Egypt. According to the gathered information, the most required topics to be taught are: preventing plagiarism, avoiding fabrication and falsification, recognizing responsible authorship and understanding International Standards of publication. It is highly recommended to teach RCS by active learning techniques, through expert instructors in active learning teaching and who obtains the proper RCS knowledge. Furthermore, developing the current courses which introduce RCS is a must. A recent cross-sectional survey study was conducted on 2017 to assess RCS among researchers in the Middle East (FelaefelM. et al., 2017). The study was applied on researchers from several universities in Egypt, Lebanon, and Bahrain. The scientific team which conducted the study (FelaefelM. et al., 2017) stated that scientific misconduct epresents a significant issue among researchers in the Middle East. Lack of what they called “prior ethics training” was the main factor leading to research misconduct and problems in research integrity. Moreover, they strongly recommended the conduct of further studies to confirm and generalize their results.
Les antécédents de la relation acheteur-vendeur : le rôle médiateur du partage de la connaissance The antecedents of buyer-seller relationship: the mediating role of knowledge sharing

This study aims to test the effects of buyer-seller relationship antecedents and test the mediating role of knowledge sharing. A quantitative study based on a sample of 100 marketing managers in small medium companies. Data were analyzed using the PLS Structural equation modeling. Findings show that Knowledge sharing, contract specification level and opportunistic behavior have a positive effect on buyer-seller relationship; however, power asymmetry has a negative effect. In addition, contract specification level, Dysfunctional conflict, opportunistic behavior were found to have a positive effect on knowledge sharing, however, power asymmetry has a negative effect.
Exploring the relationship between HRM and ﬁ rm performance: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies ☆

Existing literature on human resource management (HRM) practices and ﬁ rm performance suggests that there is a positive association between the two variables. Most of the studies, however, are based on cross-sectional datasets and only few of them use panel or longitudinal datasets, which better allow the researchers to deal with problems of endogeneity. This paper draws on meta-analysis techniques to estimate the effect size of the relationship between high performance work practices (HPWPs) and ﬁ rm performance measures based on the available longitudinal studies. We also examine whether the effect is greater for a combination of HPWPs than for individual HPWPs, and for operational performance than for ﬁ nancial performance. The results from statistical aggregation of eight longitudinal HRM-performance studies demonstrate an overall reported correlation of 0.287. Additionally we ﬁ nd that a set of integrated, mutually reinforcing HPWPs has a stronger impact on ﬁ rm performance than do HRM practices individually and that, this effect is statistically invariant between operational performance and ﬁ nancial performance.
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE

Reproductive health is concerned with the people’s ability to have a satisfyingand safe sex life ensuring their capability to reproduce with a liberty of making a decision that if,when and how often they have to do so. In Pakistan, culturally females are married at a youngage; become mothers and are at risk of health complications i.e. HIV/ STD and STI. There isless utilization of reproductive health services throughout Pakistan that ultimately affects healthstatus of people at very young age. Most of the communities are not aware of reproductivehealth services, thus not availing these facilities. Objective: So the present study was designedto examine the females perceptions, attitude and practices about reproductive health servicesas well as to determine the level of their empowerment to take decisions and make choicesregarding their own reproductive health besides determining the level of the quality, availabilityand accessibility of reproductive health services and to suggest some measures for policymakers to improve the reproductive health state of young mothers in district Faisalabad. StudyDesign: A sample of 600 young married females of age 15-32 years was selected throughmultistage sampling technique. Period: 2009. Setting: Rural and urban area of DistrictFaisalabad. Material and Method: Uni-variate (frequency distribution and percentage) and Bivariateanalysis (Chi square and Gamma Statistics) was carried out. Results: Most (44.0%) ofthe respondents belonged to age category of 26-30 years; 35.5% were married for 18 years;39.3% had been married for 5 years; 71.8% had primary and above level of education. Majority(65.9%) had up to Rs.10,000 per month income, 49.2% possessed 6-10 family members,73.5% had at least 2 and above live children. Majority had the knowledge of reproductive health(67.7%) and HIV/AIDs (54.7%) whereas most of females had no knowledge of STIs (69.8%),RTIs (52.3%) and its development (51.8%). Most of the females experienced headache (62.8%),swelling of different body parts (61%) and back pain (62.7%) during their reproductive life. Bivariateanalysis showed highly significant relation among age at marriage, number of children,cultural hindrance and age of respondents vs. their reproductive health. Conclusion: Althoughmost of the females were young & educated mothers with good reproductive health experiencebut still lacking in knowledge about STIs, HIV/AIDS, RTIs and breast cancer that is because ofcultural hindrance, early age marriage pattern and male dominancy which indicates that weneed to pay more attention towards female education and empowerment and decision makingauthority status at domestic level through community mobilization with the help of NGOs,Religious scholars and existing health system/ Health personnel’s . i.e. doctors/ nurses /LHV/FHW.