Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-Guided Brachial Plexus Block by Costoclavicular Space Approach: A Narrative Review

In recent years, ultrasound-guided costoclavicular brachial plexus block (CCB) has gained attention as a novel approach for brachial plexus nerve block. Human anatomy studies have identified the costoclavicular space as the area between the midpoint of the clavicle and the first rib. This space accommodates the brachial plexus, axillary arteries, and veins. Its superficial and fixed position makes it a promising option for infraclavicular brachial plexus blockage, providing a safe and reliable analgesic effect. CCB combines the benefits of real-time ultrasound visualization of the nerve block needle, avoidance of peripheral blood vessels, and targeted delivery of local anesthetics to the nerve. Consequently, it significantly reduces the associated complications of other classical approaches such as interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB), supraclavicular brachial plexus block (SCB), lateral sagittal infraclavicular brachial plexus block (LS-ICB), and axillary brachial plexus block. These complications include phrenic paralysis, incomplete brachial plexus block, and pneumothorax. This narrative review examines the literature on brachial plexus block in the costoclavicular space, discussing the anatomical position, the procedure, clinical indications, choice of local anesthetic concentration and volume, and continuous nerve block of CCB. The aim is to provide a basis for future clinical practice and enhanced safety.
Beyond the Standard Model: Scalar dark matter, and, lepton flavor violation

The Standard Model of particle physics is a highly successful theory of fundamental particle interactions, especially in light of the recent discovery of a Higgs-like boson at the LHC. Nonetheless, the SM is incomplete, and the search for physics beyond the SM has prompted a great amount of experimental and theoretical work. In this thesis, I present theoretical work I have done in two areas of beyond the SM physics: scalar dark matter and lepton flavor violation. Scalar extensions of the SM are simple but nonetheless interesting and well-motivated models for beyond the SM physics that can include a dark matter candidate particle. Using the renormalization group evolution of the model parameters and the Coleman-Weinberg one-loop effective potential, I perform an analysis of the vacuum stability of two of these scalar extensions, the real singlet and the complex singlet. Also included are experimental bounds from dark matter direct detection. The vacuum stability analysis reveals that light dark matter (10 GeV) requires a moderate self-interaction strength and new physics at or below the 10 GeV scale in the case of the real scalar, and a light (order 10 to 100 GeV) Higgs-like particle with reduced couplings and additional new physics below 1000 TeV in the case of the complex scalar. Lepton flavor violation probes the high energy scale of new physics through its effects on low energy processes which are highly suppressed in the SM by small neutrino masses. I utilize the Buchmuller-Ruckl-Wyler parameterization of leptoquarks and limits obtained from the HERA experiments ZEUS and H1 to calculate the cross section for electron-to-tau conversion in DIS at a next generation Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) with high luminosity. The potential for the EIC to search for such events is compared with the ability of future τ → eγ searches to set limits on leptoquark masses and couplings. This analysis demonstrates that a future EIC search would be competitive with or surpass limits from tau decays, especially
User Association for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Aided Cell-Free Networks

Cell-free (CF) network can efficiently suppress inter-cell interference and enable multiple base stations (BSs) to serve users cooperatively without being affected by cell boundaries. However, to further increase the network capacity, a large number of BSs need to be deployed, resulting in high cost and power consumption. To tackle this problem, econfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a cost-effective technology to enhance energy and spectral efficiency of wireless communications. In this article, we consider an RIS-aided CF network by exploiting their complementary advantages where each user assisted by a dedicated RIS can associate with multiple BSs. We first characterize each user's average signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in the RIS-CF network. Then, we formulate an SINR balancing problem to maximize the minimum SINR among all users by designing the BS-user associations. Despite of the non-convexity and combinatorial feature of this problem, a two-step fractional linearization algorithm is developed to solve it optimally. Specifically, we transform a nested mixed-integer linear fractional program (MILFP) into a solvable mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem through the generalized fractional programming and reformulation-linearization method. Finally, we provide numerical results to validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm compared to other benchmark schemes.
The Relationship of Social Support and Psychological Capital with Empowerment of Female Heads of Households: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation

Background: Female heads of households (FHHs) experience more anxiety and stress which result in many mood swings that can affect their belief in their capabilities and decrease the feeling of enjoyment of life. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support and psychological capital with the empowerment of female heads of households through the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Materials & Methods: The current descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on all female heads of households referring to Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and the Welfare Department of Yasuj city, of whom, 250 were selected as the sample using convenience sampling method. The psychological empowerment instrument, the psychological capital questionnaire, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the cognitive emotion regulation Questionnaire (short form) were used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis in SPSS and AMOS 25. Results: The results showed that there was a positive correlation between empowerment and social support (r=0.29), psychological capital (r=0.44), and adaptive emotion regulation (r=0.36). Moreover, there was a negative correlation between empowerment and maladaptive emotion regulation (r=-0.35). The results showed that the indirect correlation of social support and psychological capital with the empowerment of the FHHs was significant through the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.001). Conclusions: The proposed model had a good fit. Empowering FHHs and improving their social support and psychological capital will enable them to deal with stress resulting from daily problems.
Severe Convective Storms in Europe: Ten Years of Research and Education at the European Severe Storms Laboratory

AbstractThe European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL) was founded in 2006 to advance the science and forecasting of severe convective storms in Europe. ESSL was a grassroots effort of individual scientists from various European countries. The purpose of this article is to describe the 10-yr history of ESSL and present a sampling of its successful activities. Specifically, ESSL developed and manages the only multinational database of severe weather reports in Europe: the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD). Despite efforts to eliminate biases, the ESWD still suffers from spatial inhomogeneities in data collection, which motivates ESSL’s research into modeling climatologies by combining ESWD data with reanalysis data. ESSL also established its ESSL Testbed to evaluate developmental forecast products and to provide training to forecasters. The testbed is organized in close collaboration with several of Europe’s national weather services. In addition, ESSL serves a central role among the European scientifi.
The role of psychological capital in flourishing among job seekers: Grit as a mediator

Psychological resources are crucial in enhancing individual potential, yet few studies have focused on positive psychological variables among job seekers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the influence of psychological capital on flourishing, with grit as a mediator. A cross-sectional survey method was employed, with data collected using questionnaires involving 226 participants. Three instruments were included in the questionnaire: the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), the Flourishing Scale, and the Short Grit Scale. The data were analyzed using bootstrapping mediation analysis via PROCESS software. The results show that all the psychological capital dimensions (hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism) significantly influenced grit, with β ranging from . 21 to . 57 (p .000), and also significantly influenced flourishing, with β ranging from . 23 to . 40 (p .000). Grit also significantly mediated the psychological capital dimensions and flourishing. These findings indicate that psychological capital, grit and flourishing are important in developing individuals’ potential. It is hoped that they will be useful in designing employability training which incorporates positive psychology resources as intervention modules to assist graduates seeking job opportunities.
SIMULATION-BASED AND VIDEO-BASED APPROACHES TO DIVERSIFYING PHYSICS HOMEWORK

Physics homework often boils down to solving end-of-chapter quantitative problems. For targeting different learning goals of physics education, different types of homework are needed. The aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of simulation-based, video-based, and paper-and-pencil homework in developing an understanding about Newton’s laws and forming positive attitudes towards physics homework. 150 first-year students from the Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology at the University of Zagreb (Croatia) were randomly assigned to one of the three above-mentioned homework approaches. After, students had lectures and seminars on Newton’s laws, they were administered a pre-test. In the next three weeks, the students completed three homework assignments on Newton’s laws, after which they completed a post-test. For students from all three homework approaches a substantial improvement in conceptual understanding has been observed. Although the three approaches proved to be equally effective when it comes to developing understanding, the simulation-based approach was found to be superior when it comes to developing positive attitudes towards physics homework. If one controls for target knowledge, the modality of the homework assignment does not affect cognitive outcomes, but it does affect students’ attitudes towards homework. Keywords: conceptual understanding, experimental study, simulation-based homework, video-based homework
Tracing the Development of Peace and Conflict Studies in South Korea

The purpose of this article is to study the characteristics and patterns of the field of peace and conflict studies in South Korea by tracing its history. A reflection on peace and conflict studies in Korea shows that the 1987 democratization was a critical moment, and that the subsequent end of the global Cold War initiated the full-blown development of the field. The Korean case shows that the advancement of peace and conflict studies is linked to real-world changes. The recent inclusion of human rights and transitional justice issues is meaningful since rights and justice were core but unaddressed issues in Korea. It is time for peace and conflict studies in Korea to leap forward, and this new attention to human rights and transitional justice can be a way to lead this development.
Punctuated Chaos and Indeterminism in Self-gravitating Many-body Systems

Dynamical chaos is a fundamental manifestation of gravity in astrophysical, many-body systems. The spectrum of Lyapunov exponents quantifies the associated exponential response to small perturbations. Analytical derivations of these exponents are critical for understanding the stability and predictability of observed systems. This essay presents a new model for chaos in systems with eccentric and crossing orbits. Here, exponential divergence is not a continuous process but rather the cumulative effect of an ever-increasing linear response driven by discrete events at regular intervals, i.e., punctuated chaos. We show that long-lived systems with punctuated chaos can magnify Planck length perturbations to astronomical scales within their lifetime, rendering them fundamentally indeterministic.
A Review: Characteristics of Noise Absorption Material

Noise is always treated as a nuisance to human and even noise pollution appears in the environmental causing discomfort. This also concerns the engineering design that tends to cultivate this noise propagation. Solution such as using material to absorb the sound have been widely used. The fundamental of the sound absorbing propagation, sound absorbing characteristics and its factors are minimally debated. Furthermore, the method in order to pertain sound absorbing related to the sound absorption coefficient is also limited, as many studies only contributes in result basis and very little in literature aspect. This paper revolves in providing better insight on the importance of sound absorption and the materials factors in obtaining the sound absorption coefficient.
Humans’ Bias Blind Spot and Its Societal Significance

Human beings have a bias blind spot. We see bias all around us but sometimes not in ourselves. This asymmetry hinders self-knowledge and fuels interpersonal misunderstanding and conflict. It is rooted in cognitive mechanics differentiating self- and social perception as well as in self-esteem motives. It generalizes across social, cognitive, and behavioral biases; begins in childhood; and appears across cultures. People show a bias blind spot in high-stakes contexts, including investing, medicine, human resources, and law. Strategies for addressing the problem are described.
Gradient estimates and comparison principlefor some nonlinear elliptic equations

We consider a class of Dirichlet boundary problems for nonlinear elliptic equations with a first order term. We show how the summability of the gradient of a solution increases when the summability of the datum increases. We also prove comparison principle which gives in turn uniqueness results by strenghtening the assumptions on the operators.
3.05 kW monolithic fiber laser oscillator with simultaneous optimizations of stimulated Raman scattering and transverse mode instability

We report a high power monolithic ytterbium-doped fiber laser oscillator with an output power of 3.05 kW, which is achieved by simultaneous optimizations of the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and transverse mode instability (TMI). The optimizations of the SRS are designed and utilized in the construction of the fiber laser oscillator, while the TMI threshold is optimized with the study of the dependence of TMI threshold on the pump distribution. In the fiber laser oscillator, the TMI threshold is enhanced by ∼30% when the counter-pump scheme is employed instead of the co-pump scheme. By applying bidirectional-pump scheme and appropriately distributing the pump power, the TMI threshold is further enhanced and the monolithic fiber laser oscillator achieves an output power of 3.05 kW with near diffraction limited beam quality.
Towards developing an idealised city model with realistic aerodynamic features

Many concerns related to natural ventilation in urban areas have been deduced from experimental or computational fluid dynamics simulations on idealised models. However, it is not definite that the flow through these idealised models presents similar characteristics to actual urban areas. The objective of this research is to suggest an approach to close the gap between idealised models and genuine cities; i.e., predict actual urban flow characteristics from the ready data of idealised models. The flow was simulated by large-eddy simulation through both the actual city model and a group of idealised models of different structures but the same average dimensions and buildingpacking-density as the actual city. The numerical setup was validated by comparison with wind tunnel measurements from the literature. It was found that an equivalent to the average velocity profile throughout an idealised model can be achieved by a mix of the “five-point spatial average” and the “four-point spatial average”. The vertical profiles of mean and turbulent windward velocities of the idealised models manifest a general similarity to those of the actual model. On the other hand, the cross-wind and wall-normal components show large discrepancies. In all cases, the idealised models exhibit very narrow atmospheric surface layer heights compared to the actual model. IM-RAN (which represents a structure of semi-random configuration) displayed the closest results to the actual model but condensed in half the actual model surface layer height. A correction formula was devised to close the gap between the two models. The results confirm the ability to utilise idealised models to deliver recommendations regarding urban environment planning; though, attention should be paid to the selection of the idealised model and corrections may be needed.
Half Wing N219 Aircraft Model Clean Configuration for Flutter Test On Low Speed Wind Tunnel

Flutter is a rapid self-feeding motion which is caused by the interaction of aerodynamic, structural and inertial forces. Flutter can cause major damage on aircraft structure which can lead to fatal accident in aviation. Several methods have been evolved to avoid the flutter phenomena occur during the flight envelope of aircraft design. On this study, method was developed by Indonesian Aerospace which consist of Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis, Ground Vibration Test (GVT), and Wind Tunnel Flutter Test (WTT). Based on the study, FEM have similar results toward to Wind Tunnel Flutter Test conjunction the clean configuration of N219 aircraft half wing model.
The Mediating Effect of Innovation on the Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Performance of Large Manufacturing Firms in Pakistan

The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of innovation on the relationship between organisational culture and performance of large manufacturing firms in Pakistan. Data for the study was collected through a survey from 320 large manufacturing firms operating in Pakistan and responses were analyzed to assess the relationships between organisational culture, innovation, and firm performance. The results indicate that organisational culture is positively related to firm performance, and its positive relationship is mediated by innovation. These findings provide useful insights for organizations, particularly in the manufacturing industry, seeking to be competitive and responsive to environmental changes by successfully introducing innovations. Conclusions emphasize that mechanisms to encourage and foster an innovative culture in the organization are likely to facilitate the introduction, adoption, and diffusion of innovations which, in turn, is likely to result in the achievement of superior firm performance. In addition, a few scholars have considered innovation as a key driver of firm performance besides that, fewer researchers have studied innovations as being impacted by organisational culture. This paper makes a significant contribution to the prevailing literature by empirically examining the relationship between organisational culture, innovation, and firm performance.
Plane stress analysis of magnetoelectric composite and reinforced plates: Micromechanical modeling and application to laminated structures

A new comprehensive micromechanical model for the analysis of thin smart composite and reinforced piezo‐magneto‐thermo‐elastic plates is developed in the present paper. The model is developed on the basis of asymptotic homogenization utilizing dynamic force and thermal balance and the time‐varying form of Maxwell's equations. Once the governing equations are determined, a set of twenty unit cell problems is extracted from which the effective coefficients of the homogenized structure can be obtained in a closed‐form design‐oriented format. Unlike previous models, it is discovered in this work that the effective coefficients are not constants, but rather functions of time. Consequently, the dependent field variables (mechanical stress, electric and magnetic fields, heat flux, and others) are also functions of time and the homogenized structure exhibits memory‐like behavior. Of particular interest in this work is the development of general expressions pertaining to the so‐called product properties which are manifested in the macroscopic composite plate via the interaction of the different phases but may be absent from some individual constituents of the composite. Examples of product properties are the magnetoelectric, pyroelectric and pyromagnetic coefficients. The developed model however also extracts an interesting new set of product properties relating current density to mechanical deformation, magnetic field and temperature change. It is shown in this paper that other previously derived models can be viewed as particular special cases of the model developed here when electrical conductivity is ignored and all pertinent quantities are time‐averaged by integrating them over the entire time spectrum. Collectively, the results presented here represent a significant refinement of previously established results. The work is illustrated by means of a thin laminated piezo‐magneto‐thermo‐elastic composite plates with orthotropic constituents.
Upgrading new product development performance in digital context: a configuration analysis based on fsQCA

ABSTRACT New product development (NPD) is necessary for enterprises’ growth and the maintenance of competitive advantage. Although previous studies have explored the multiple antecedents of NPD performance, most of them consider the effect of antecedents in isolation, neglecting their interdependence. Drawing on complexity theory, the study presents a configuration model that combines six antecedents based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. The results of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) show that digital technology application, product innovation, functional coordination, user participation, peer competition and environmental turbulence need to combine with each other in order to produce high NPD performance. The combination of product innovation, functional coordination and user participation plays an important role in NPD. The complementary effects of digital technology application, product innovation, functional coordination and user participation on NPD performance are demonstrated.
Mixed filter design for nonlinear singular Markovian jump systems with time-varying delays based on a dissipativity performance index

This paper deals with the problem of dissipative filtering for a class of nonlinear singular Markovian Jump systems (SMJSs) with time-varying delays. Our consideration is centered on the design of a mixed filter that can contain both mode-dependent and mode-independent filters in a unified framework. By using a delay-decomposition approach and constructing a mode-dependent stochastic Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, sufficient delay-dependent conditions are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which guarantee the considered nonlinear SMJSs to be stochastically admissible with a dissipativity performance γ . Based on the conditions, the existence conditions and parameters of the desired filter are obtained. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the reduced conservatism and the effectiveness of the proposed methods.