Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Short-chain Fatty Acid Supplementation on Acute Colonic In ammation in Rats Fed With Western Diet: Role of the Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-gamma

Mustafa Sevim Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3992-7335 Çiğdem Çantalı-Öztürk Maltepe Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Ali Mergen Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Eda Ceren Güllü Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Elif Yaren Ayvaz Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Merve Ölüç Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Merve Temel Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Serap Şirvancı Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Meral Yüksel Marmara Universitesi Özge Çevik Adnan Menderes Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Berrak Çağlayan Yeğen Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Alper Yıldırım (  alper.yildirim@marmara.edu.tr ) Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-1692
PERPENDICULAR MOMENTUM INPUT OF LOWER HYBRID WAVES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON DRIVING PLASMA ROTATION

The mechanism of perpendicular momentum input of lower hybrid waves and its influence on plasma rotation are studied. Discussion for parallel momentum input of lower hybrid waves is presented for comparison. It is found out that both toroidal and poloidal projections of perpendicular momentum input of lower hybrid waves are stronger than those of parallel momentum input. The perpendicular momentum input of lower hybrid waves therefore plays a dominant role in forcing the changes of rotation velocity observed during lower hybrid current drive. Lower hybrid waves convert perpendicular momentum carried by the waves into the momentum of dc electromagnetic field by inducing a resonant-electron flow across flux surfaces therefore charge separation and a radial dc electric field. The dc field releases its momentum into plasma through the Lorentz force acting on the radial return current driven by the radial electric field. Plasma is spun up by the Lorentz force. An improved quasilinear theory with gyro-phase dependent distribution function is developed to calculate the radial flux of resonant electrons. Rotations are determined by a set of fluid equations for bulk electrons and ions, which are solved numerically by applying a finite-difference method. Analytical expressions for toroidal and poloidal rotations are derived using the same hydrodynamic model.
THE MULTIPLE TOYS DESIGN FOR AUTISM CHILDREN

Toys are important media in child development, and it is also essential for the child with autism who has difficulties in interaction behaviors. This research will find out the different level of Stimulation, and to improve the prototype of multiple toys. The results are as follows: In the parent-autistic child interaction, (A) The Physical features that effect upon 「 Smiling and laughing 」： features are fine weave fabrics and low density in tactile sense and shimmer fabrics in visual sense. (B) The Physical features that effect upon 「 Eyes contact 」 : features are smoothness weave in surface - low density in tactile sense and shimmer fabrics in visual sense. (C) The Physical features that effect upon 「 Concentration 」 : features are the thickness weave surface in tactile Sense and glossiness fabrics in visual sense . (D) The Physical features that effect upon 「 Finger indicating 」 : thin fabrics weave in tactile sense and glossiness in visual sense.
Orientifold daughter ofN=4SYM theory and double-trace running

We study the orientifold daughter of N=4 super Yang-Mills as a candidate non-supersymmetric large N conformal field theory. In a theory with vanishing single-trace beta functions that contains scalars in the adjoint representation, conformal invariance might still be broken by renormalization of double-trace terms to leading order at large N. In this note we perform a diagrammatic analysis and argue that the orientifold daughter does not suffer from double-trace running. This implies an exact large N equivalence between this theory and a subsector of N=4 SYM.
Non-Abelian Bogomol{close_quote}nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield Monopoles in {ital N} =4 Gauged Supergravity

We study static, spherically symmetric, and purely magnetic solutions of SU(2){times}SU(2) gauge supergravity in four dimensions. A systematic analysis of the supersymmetry conditions reveals solutions which preserve 1/4 of the supersymmetries and are characterized by a BPS-monopole-type gauge field and a globally hyperbolic, everywhere regular geometry. These present the first known example of non-Abelian backgrounds in gauge supergravity and in leading order effective string theory. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Speciﬁcation of the hypaxial musculature

musculature. To study the mechanisms that lead to the formation of this musculature, we cloned the chick Lbx1 gene that is speciﬁc to prospective hypaxial myoblasts at occipital, cervical and limb levels. Using this gene as a marker, we characterised the anatomical structures that produce the signals necessary for the speciﬁcation of the hypaxial musculature by ablating them or transplanting them to ectopic locations in the chick embryo. In addition, we inserted BMP4 soaked beads medial to the somite. Our data suggest that lateralising signals from intermediate and lateral mesoderm have to synergise with dorsalising signals from the surface ectoderm to induce the formation of the hypaxial musculature. However, the lateralising function of the lateral mesoderm can only in part be mimicked by BMP4.
Folding energy and kinetics of mutually interacting DNA Hairpins

The Szilard engine is a Maxwell demon thought experiment where information is converted into work. We propose a novel DNA molecule with two hairpins in serial that could act as a complex four-state Szilard engine using optical tweezers to apply a force. We synthesized the molecule with identical hairpins to perform two different experiments with optical tweezers, passive mode and pulling. Only 3 different states were observed as the intermediate state is degenerated. Their energy levels were obtained from kinetic rates measured in passive mode and work measured in pulling cycles. We conclude that the molecule follows well the fluctuation theorems and the Bell-Evans theory, with the exception of a Chevron type curvature in the kinetic rates due to the degeneration. The obtained data will help in the development and study of a Szilard engine with this molecule.
Adaptiveness and Lock-free Synchronization in Parallel Stochastic Gradient Descent

The emergence of big data in recent years due to the vast societal digitalization and large-scale sensor deployment has entailed significant interest in machine learning methods to enable automatic data analytics. In a majority of the learning algorithms used in industrial as well as academic settings, the firstorder iterative optimization procedure Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), is the backbone. However, SGD is often time-consuming, as it typically requires several passes through the entire dataset in order to converge to a solution of sufficient quality. In order to cope with increasing data volumes, and to facilitate accelerated processing utilizing contemporary hardware, various parallel SGD variants have been proposed. In addition to traditional synchronous parallelization schemes, asynchronous ones have received particular interest in recent literature due to their improved ability to scale due to less coordination, and subsequently waiting time. However, asynchrony implies inherent challenges in understanding the execution of the algorithm and its convergence properties, due the presence of both stale and inconsistent views of the shared state. In this work, we aim to increase the understanding of the convergence properties of SGD for practical applications under asynchronous parallelism, and develop tools and frameworks that facilitate improved convergence properties as well as further research and development. First, we focus on understanding the impact of staleness, and introduce models for capturing the dynamics of parallel execution of SGD. This enables (i) quantifying the statistical penalty on the convergence due to staleness and (ii) deriving an adaptation scheme, introducing a staleness-adaptive SGD variant MindTheStep-AsyncSGD , which provably reduces this penalty. Second, we aim at exploring the impact of synchronization mechanisms, in particular consistency-preserving ones, and the overall effect on the convergence properties. To this end, we propose LeashedSGD , an extensible algorithmic framework supporting various synchronization mechanisms for different degrees of consistency, enabling in particular a lockfree and consistency-preserving implementation. In addition, the algorithmic construction of Leashed-SGD enables dynamic memory allocation, claiming memory only when necessary, which reduces the overall memory footprint. We perform an extensive empirical study, benchmarking the proposed methods, together with established baselines, focusing on the prominent application of Deep Learning for image classification on the benchmark datasets MNIST and CIFAR, showing significant improvements in converge time for Leashed-SGD and MindTheStep-AsyncSGD .
An Outlook on the Perception of Smile Esthetics by General Population A Questionnaire Study

Objective: To analyze the expectancy of a general population from an orthodontic point of view and arriving at a conclusion of how attainment of a virtuous treatment planning could deliver a satisfactory result. Materials and methods : A total of 150 people from the general Indian population belonging to the mean age group of 18-28 years were included in the questionnaire study. They were asked to go through a set of eight questionnaires, which were prepared keeping in mind the requirements of people in a day to day life from an orthodontic point of view. Results: Chi Square test was done using SPSS software 20.0, according to which all the frequencies were found to be significant with a value of p<0.001. Conclusion: Variations of perception among individuals of different age, sex, culture will always prevail, hence an overall assessment of smile esthetics should be done keeping in mind the basic requirement of the general population that should come forth in conquering the desires of the patients within the boundaries of orthodontics in order to deliver a socially acceptable result.
mtDNA haplogroup N9a increases the risk of T2DM by altering mitochondrial function and intracellular mitochondrial signals Running Title: mtDNA haplogroup N9a and T2DM

196 words Word count: 4000 words Number of Figures and Tables: 5 Figures, 1 table, 2 supplementary Figure, 2 supplementary Tables, and 2 supplementary datasets. References: 50 Page 1 of 52 Diabetes Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online May 7, 2018
Il Mulino-Rivisteweb

Returns on LBOs are on average higher for developed economies. However, returns of LBOs during high economic growth periods are high for developing economies relative to developed economies. On the other hand returns in developing nations are lower when compared to the returns in developed nations in periods of negative economic growth. Developing countries are more unstable relative to developed countries during conditions of boom as well as collapse. Exit times for LBO transactions in developing economies are therefore shorter relative to developed economies in periods of high positive (negative) economic growth rate. During periods of negative economic growth rate, LBOs in developing economies exit sooner. In periods of low or medium economic growth, LBOs in developing economies take longer to exit. Reputed firms and small firms have higher returns and exit sooner. Club deals have higher returns and exit sooner when compared with single PE firm deals. Club deals in developing economies are on average not profitable and exit sooner
A Case Study of the Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Loan Credit Risk

: Changing weather patterns may impose increased risk to the creditworthiness of ﬁnancial institutions in the agriculture sector. To reduce the credit risk caused by climate change, ﬁnancial institutions need to update their agricultural lending portfolios to consider climate change scenarios. In this paper we introduce a framework to compute the optimal agricultural lending portfolio under different increased temperature scenarios. In this way we quantify the impact of increased temperature, taken as a measure of climate change, on credit risk. We provide a detailed case study of how our approach applies to the problem of optimizing a portfolio of agricultural loans made to corn farmers across different corn producing regions of Ontario, Canada, under various climate change scenarios. We conclude that the lending portfolio obtained by taking into account the climate change is less risky than the lending portfolio neglecting climate change.
The Effects of Performing a Secondary Task on the Preparation of Lane Change Manoeuvres.

In the last decade in-vehicle systems have developed to an important and integral part in the car industry. These systems are supposed to help the driver in crucial situations and deliver information to the driver, who then can react accordingly and keep him or herself and the surrounding safe. But to keep driving safe, the systems have to give reliable information and the systems should not distract the driver. A rather disastrous situation may occur when information systems provide wrong information in a situation when the driver is distracted. Therefore, we investigated the effects of valid and invalid advanced information for the performance of lane change manoeuvres in a simulated driving environment. The manoeuvers were either performed in a control condition without secondary task or in two blocks of dual task condition. Distraction was realized by a secondary task, which had to be performed during the primary driving task. The main findings of the study are that as in previous studies participants without any advanced information had longer reaction times than with advanced information and that the performance of the participants in the distracted situation improved over time due to less errors and an increase in the performance of the secondary task. In contrast to our expectations reaction time and error analyses did not provide hints that preparation was affected by dual task load. Also, in contrast to our expectations invalid advanced information did not differ from neutral information. The findings may suggest, that distraction has no effect on valid and invalid advanced information. However, alternative explanations may be possible and are addressed in the discussion of the results.
EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH (CERN) LHCb Detector Performance

The LHCb detector is a forward spectrometer at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The experiment is designed for precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of beauty and charm hadrons. In this paper the performance of the various LHCb sub-detectors and the trigger system are described, using data taken from 2010 to 2012. It is shown that the design criteria of the experiment have been met. The excellent performance of the detector has allowed the LHCb collaboration to publish a wide range of physics results, demonstrating LHCb’s unique role, both as a heavy flavour experiment and as a general purpose detector in the forward region.
Proteomics Analysis Identi ed Hub Genes Associated With RNAi-Induced Silencing of G1 Cyclins in MDA-MB-231 Cells

Fatemeh T. Shamsabadi Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Ahad Yamchi Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Corrado Guarnaccia ICGEB: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Majid Shahbazi (  shahbazim@atgbio.com ) Golestan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4143-8282
Geoffroy‟s cat ecology in Brazil

a PUCRS, Escola de Ciências, Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, 6681 Ipiranga 8 Av. , Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brasil 9 10 b Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU), Department of Zoology, University of 11 Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Abingdon Road, OX13 5QL, 12 United Kingdom 13 14 c Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade 15 Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, prédio 43435, Bairro 16 Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brasil 17 18 d Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, SP, Brazil 19 20 e Ka‟aguy Consultoria Ambiental, Av. Adolfo Fetter 1092, B, Laranjal. Pelotas, RS, 96083-000, 21 Brasil 22 23 f Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Carnívoros (CENAP-ICMBio), 24 Estrada Hisaichi Takebayashi, 8600, Usina Atibaia, SP, 12952-011, Brasil 25 26 g Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 27 Avenida Eliseu Maciel, Jardim América. Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-610, Brasil 28 29 h Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Ituzaingó 667, Rivera, 30 40000, Uruguay 31 32 i Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal da 33 Paraíba, Campus IV, Estr. Engenho Novo, s/n, Mamanguape, PB, 58280-000, Brasil 34 35 j Setor de Mastozoologia, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (FZB), Rua Dr. 36 Salvador França, 1427, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-000, Brasil 37 38 k Grupo de Ecología Comportamental de Mamíferos (GECM), Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, 39 Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur CONICET, 40 San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina 41 42
DDDT_A_258024 4579..4591

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Steroids are known to inhibit osteogenic differentiation and subsequent bone formation in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, little is known about the role of BMSC exosomes (Exos) and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). The objective of this study was to characterize the tsRNA expression profiles of plasma Exos collected from SONFH patients and healthy individuals using small RNA sequencing and further explore the effect of BMSC Exos carrying specific tsRNAs on osteogenic differentiation. Materials and Methods: Based on insights from small RNA sequencing, five differentially expressed (DE) tsRNAs were selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The regulatory networks associated with interactions of the tsRNAs-mRNApathways were reconstructed. The osteogenesis and adipogenesis in BMSCs were detected via ALP and oil red O staining methods, respectively. Results: A total of 345 DE small RNAs were screened, including 223 DE tsRNAs. The DE tsRNAs were enriched in Wnt signaling pathway and osteogenic differentiation. We identified five DE tsRNAs, among which tsRNA-10277 was significantly downregulated in plasma Exos of SONFH patients compared to that in healthy individuals. Dexamethasone-induced BMSCs were associated with an increased fraction of lipid droplets and decreased osteogenic differentiation, whereas BMSC Exos restored the osteogenic differentiation of that. After treatment of tsRNA-10277-loaded BMSC Exos, the lipid droplets and osteogenic differentiation ability were found to be decreased and enhanced in dexamethasone-induced BMSCs, respectively. Conclusion: An altered tsRNA profile might be involved in the pathophysiology of SONFH. tsRNA-10277-loaded BMSC Exos enhanced osteogenic differentiation ability of dexamethasone-induced BMSCs. Our results provide novel insights into the osteogenic effect of BMSC Exos carrying specific tsRNAs on SONFH.
of Inflammatory Bowel Disease New Insights into the Molecular Mechanism PepT1 Upregulation in a Pufferfish Model: IL-16 Induces Intestinal Inflammation via

Inﬂammatory bowel disease (IBD) has long been a worldwide health care problem with a persistently increasing incidence. Although its clinical features have been well described, its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. IL-16 is a chemoattractant cytokine with various effects on cellular activities and diseases. However, the involvement of IL-16 in IBD remains poorly understood. In this study, to our knowledge we report for the ﬁrst time the mechanism by which IL-16 induces intestinal inﬂammation by upregulating the expression of oligopeptide transporter member 1 (PepT1) in a Tetraodon nigroviridis ﬁsh model. The dextran sodium sulfate– induced colitis model in this species revealed that IL-16 levels signiﬁcantly increase accompanied by elevations in PepT1 in the colon. Moreover, the signs of colitis were dramatically attenuated by IL-16 depletion using anti–IL-16 Abs. In vivo IL-16 administration induced remarkable intestinal inﬂammation with typical ulcerative colitis–like features, including histologic damage, inﬂammatory cell inﬁltration, increased myeloperoxidase activity, and proinﬂammatory cytokines expression, which corresponded with signiﬁcant PepT1 upregulation in the colon. The IL-16–induced PepT1 expression and its upregulated fMLF transport were also demonstrated in vitro. To our knowledge, our study provides the ﬁrst evidence of the connection between IL-16 and PepT1, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying IBD development. Additionally, this study suggests that ﬁsh species are an attractive model for studying IBD. By providing a better understanding of IL-16 biology from ﬁsh to mammals, this study should aid the development of IL-16–based therapies for IBD.
PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES UTILIZATION FOR CRITICAL PATIENTS AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN THAILAND

This research aimed to determine the situations and factors associated with prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) utilization for critical patients in Thailand. This cross-sectional study used the data of a survey conducted by the Information Technology for Emergency Medical System (ITEMS) of the National Institute of Emergency Medicine, Thailand. The survey collected the data among 1,145 participants using a structured questionnaire. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to identify the factors associated with prehospital EMS utilization among critical patients when controlling the effects of covariates presenting adjusted OR and 95% confidence interval. Among 1,145 critical patients, 33.71 % reported using the prehospital EMS of the emergency medical system. Factors that were associated with prehospital EMS use had a high level of knowledge on prehospital EMS (adj. OR = 6.49; 95%CI: 3.78-11.12), high level of trust in quality and safety of prehospital EMS (adj. OR = 4.72; 95%CI: 3.50-6.36), low-moderate severity of perceived illness (adj. OR= 3.71; 95%CI: 2.54-5.42), critical condition occurred at workplace/building (adj. OR=3.57; 95%CI: 2.33-5.47), at home/residential building (adj. OR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.37-3.58), had adequate services in the area (adj. OR= 1.94; 95%CI: 1.45-2.60), finished at least secondary school (adj. OR= 1.62; 95%CI: 1.11-2.37), less than 15km distance between scene and EMS service site (adj. OR= 1.47; 95%CI: 1.10-1.98), and were very satisfied with services (adj. OR = 1.15; 95%CI: 1.08-1.22) from the reasons mentioned.