Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observations of Doppler and delay spreads on HF signals received over polar cap and trough paths at various stages of the solar cycle

Information on delay and Doppler spreading is of importance to designers and operators of digital communication systems within the HF band since modem performance rapidly deteriorates when delay and Doppler spreads exceed system dependent thresholds. The northerly ionosphere is a particularly challenging region in this regard as delay and Doppler spreads often significantly exceed those for similar length paths at midlatitudes. This paper presents results from an extensive set of measurements undertaken over three northerly paths: two subauroral paths aligned along the midlatitude trough (Uppsala to Bruntingthorpe and Nurmijärvi to Bruntingthorpe) and one path (Qaanaaq to Ny‐Ålesund) contained entirely within the polar cap. Measurements span the period from the 2009 solar minimum to July 2012, close to solar maximum and 2001, close to the previous solar maximum.
Propagation of gravitational waves in a universe with slowly-changing equation of state

An exact solution for the expansion of a flat universe with dark energy evolving according to a simple model is explored. The equation for weak primordial gravitational waves propagating in this universe is solved and explored; gravitational waves in a flat cosmology possessing both a "big bang" singularity and a "big rip" singularity can be described with confluent Heun functions. We develop approximation methods for confluent Heun equations in regimes of interest to gravitational wave astronomers and predict the diminution in gravitational wave amplitude in a universe with both a Big Bang and a Big Rip.
Effect of Sound Source Scattering on Measurement of Near-Field Head-Related Transfer Functions

一个简单的球形的头和搏动的球形的健全来源模型被建议调查在近地的头相关的转移上的在头和健全来源之间的多重散布的效果功能(HRTF ) 测量。 多极扩大方法被用来计算模型的 HRTF，然后，在有在头中心和健全来源之间的频率，来源方向，来源尺寸，和距离的 HRTF 的大小错误之中的关系被分析。 结果显示那在 1.0 dB 以内保证 HRTF 的大小错误直到 20 kHz，为来源距离不少于 0.15 m 或 0.20 m，健全来源的半径不应该分别地超过 0.03 m 或 0.05 m。 结论在近地的 HRTF 测量建议健全来源的一种适当尺寸。
Influence of Financial Social Agents and Attitude Toward Money on Financial Literacy: The Mediating Role of Financial Self-Efficacy and Moderating Role of Mindfulness

This study examines the relationship between the financial socialization agents, attitude toward money, and financial literacy with the mediating role of financial self-efficacy and the moderating role of mindfulness. The self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from higher education institutions using the convenience sampling method because the sampling frame was not available. The data were tested using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in smart PLS. The results indicated a positive relationship between financial self-efficacy, financial socialization agents, attitude toward money, mindfulness, and financial literacy. The finding of mediation analysis suggests the significant mediation effect of financial self-efficacy between attitude toward money and financial social agents with financial literacy. The mediation of financial self-efficacy between attitude toward money and financial literacy has the greatest impact which indicates that students with positive attitude and self-efficacy create high financial literacy. Whereas mindfulness positively moderates the relation of attitude toward money and financial literacy and negatively moderates the relation of financial self-efficacy and financial literacy while mindfulness does not moderate the relation of financial socialization agents and financial literacy. The findings of this research are of use to different stakeholders who are users or regulators of financial institutions because enhancing financial literacy has become a priority.
Counterpublics and Hegemonic Ideology: Responses to Donald Trump’s Post-Hurricane Imperial Condescension toward Puerto Rico on Twitter

Abstract In April 2019, Trump criticized Puerto Rican politicians on Twitter for receiving $91 billion in aid from Washington and said Puerto Rico was taking money from the U.S. Even though Puerto Ricans are U.S. citizens, their political status is the result of a series of colonial policies that ensured an important degree of U.S. political control over their island. Combining topic modeling and network analysis of 8,256 tweets on Puerto Rico between March 29 and April 8, 2019, we examine the reactions to Trump’s tweets and study the discourses, contestations, and counter-hegemonic rhetorical articulations that attended the tweets. Most responses to the tweets allowed for the creation of a counterpublic space that challenged Trump’s depiction of Puerto Rico. However, these responses also reproduced the unexamined hegemonic colonial ideology at the heart of Puerto Rico’s unequal relationship with the US. We argue that by failing to acknowledge the colonial entrapment that defines Puerto Rico’s relationship with the United States, even the counterpublic discourses against Trump’s rhetoric unwittingly reinforce the colonial relationship.
Miniaturized multiband frequency selective surface with wide frequency ratio

This article presents the design of a novel miniaturized 2.5D frequency selective surface (FSS) for radiofrequency and microwave shielding applications is proposed. The proposed FSS is configured to offer multiple band‐stop characteristics with a wide frequency ratio. The unit cell is developed using traces that run on the top and bottom layers of the substrate with traces connected using vias. This proposed unit cell structure provides distinct operating modes at high and low frequencies. The proposed FSS unit cell has a compact geometry with a foot‐print of 0. 059λo × 0. 059λo where λo is the freespace wavelength. The FSS unit cell is polarization insensitive and exhibits good angular stability up to 45°. A prototype FSS is fabricated to validate the simulation results. The miniaturized FSS can be used as a shield at terrestrial frequencies and satellite frequencies making it usable for both indoor and outdoor environments.
Dietary and socioeconomic risk factors for fumonisin exposure among women of reproductive age in 18 municipalities in Guatemala from 2013 to 2014

Fumonisin exposure is common in populations where maize is a dietary staple, such as in Guatemala, and has been associated with negative health outcomes including neural tube defects. The objective of this study was to estimate fumonisin B1 (FB1) exposure among Guatemalan reproductive-age women and develop a better understanding of the dietary and sociodemographic risk factors for exposure. A cross-sectional study in 18 municipalities in Guatemala was conducted. Midwives and study nurses enrolled consenting women and collected individual and household demographic and socioeconomic data. A food frequency questionnaire was administered to estimate quantity and types of food products consumed. A urine sample was collected and urinary fumonisin B1 (uFB1) concentration was measured. A univariable analysis was conducted to identify predictors of low/high uFB1. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In total, 775 women had analyzable urine samples. Higher uFB1 levels were associated with speaking Mayan (OR = 2.33, 95% CI:1.44–3.77), less than high school education (OR = 1.61, 95% CI:1.12–2.30), increasing dietary proportion of maize-based foods (OR = 1.02, 95% CI:1.01–1.03), and consumption of tostadas (fried tortillas) (OR = 1.11, 95% CI:1.02–1.22). Lower uFB1 levels were associated with consumption of highly processed maize-based foods (OR = 0.93, 95% CI:0.87–0.99). Tortillas were the most frequently consumed maize-based food among study participants and significantly associated with high uFB1 exposure in the univariable but not multivariable analysis. Consumption of >4,750 grams/week of maize-based foods, >5,184 g/week of locally produced maize-based foods, and >110 servings/week of tortillas were also significantly associated with high uFB1 exposure in univariable analysis. Populations with low socioeconomic status/education levels and high consumption of maize-based foods had higher fumonisin exposure. Interventions aimed at reducing the risk of exposure to mycotoxins through maize in Guatemala, including the increased consumption of non-maize-based foods, should be further explored.
Exploring and yet failing less: learning from past and current exploration in R&D

Exploration is both an important part of a firm’s innovation strategy and an activity that involves a high degree of uncertainty. This article investigates a duality in the exploratory component of R&D activity with regard to innovation failure: while exploration is likely to increase firms’ exposure to failure, it might also provide learning opportunities to reduce failure. Our study contributes to the innovation management and organizational learning literatures by demonstrating the value of exploratory R&D for enabling two types of learning mechanisms. The first, experience-based learning, is based on the learning opportunities derived from accumulated experience in exploratory R&D: it involves improvements to procedures associated with experimentation and provides guidance for current exploration and to navigate the search space. The second, inferential-based learning, is based on the learning opportunities derived from current exploratory R&D efforts, which are associated with improved interpretation of ill-defined problems and timely responses to unstructured information. We draw on a longitudinal data set of 2226 Spanish manufacturing companies and show that, when past experience is associated with current exploration, innovation failure in the conception phase is reduced. We also find an inverted U-shaped relation between current exploratory R&D and innovation failure, in both the conception and implementation phases of innovation activities, showing that increasing levels of investment in current exploration activities attenuate the initial positive association between exploratory R&D and failure.
An Innovative Sukuk-Waqf for Islamic Microfinance Institutions: Integrating Maqasid Al-Shariah, SDGs and Waqf

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have been widely recognized to promote financial inclusion and contribute towards poverty eradication by facilitating the access to financial products and services to the under-privileged and unbankable segment of society. Nevertheless, numerous studies have shown that many MFIs face the issue of economic viability and financial sustainability due to the lack of fund mobilization. By considering the success of conventional MFIs, several countries have introduced Islamic MFIs by adopting the Islamic modes of financing on the asset side of the conventional MFIs model. However, they face the same problems as their conventional counterparts on their liability side. The present study aims to introduce a Sukuk-waqf model as a source of funds for the Islamic MFIs through as cash waqf. In achieving this objective, the study adopts a qualitative research approach and proposes a Sukuk-waqf model for the development of Islamic MFIs. The combination of cash Waqf with Sukuk for raising funds for the Islamic MFIs is expected to contribute to the economic sustainability and viability of the institutions. In modelling the Sukuk-waqf model, the study attempts to integrate SDGs, Waqf, and Maqasid al-shariah, which emphasis on the poverty eradication, social justice, and economic welfare through the notion of Hifze deen (preservation of faith), hifze maal (preservation of wealth) and by providing access to the poor for productive resources such as education, training, and credit. The results from this study are expected to provide important inputs for the sustainable development of Islamic MFIs and assist the MFIs to contribute towards achieving the SDGs and ultimately, the Maqasid al-shariah.
Nuclear Structure, Volume II: Nuclear Deformations

Volume II, together with Volume I, contains a systematic treatment of the basis that has been gradually established during the last decades for understanding the vast body of data on nuclear properties and reactions. The presentation involves partly a development of the theoretical concepts and mathematical tools and partly a critical analysis of experimental results in terms of these concepts. While the first volume is concerned with single- particle motion and the formulation of symmetries, the second volume deals with collective rotational and vibrational motion as well as with the coupling of single-particle motion to the collective degrees of freedom. The discussion exploits several different levels of presentation, and this has motivated the division of the material into text, illustrative examples, and appendices. The text represents an attempt at a systematic development of the subject, in which each section is based on the concepts explained in previous sections. The comparison of theoretical concepts with the experimental evidence is contained in the illustrative examples; these examples are worked out in considerable detail and involve the full arsenal of available theoretical tools. The appendices are devoted to the development of general tools of quantal theory and to the analysis of idealized modelsmore » that provide useful insight into various aspects of nuclear structure. This division of material contributes to making the book self- contained and at the same time provides the opportunity to elucidate the problems from several different points of view without destroying the unity of the concept. The presentation reflects the authors' view of nuclear physics as part of the broad development of concepts describing quantal many-body systems ranging from atoms and condensed matter to the structure of elementary particles. (auth)« less
Design and Preparation of Polyimide/TiO2@MoS2 Nanofibers by Hydrothermal Synthesis and Their Photocatalytic Performance

Organic–inorganic nanocomposite fibers can avoid the agglomeration of single nanoparticles and reduce the cost (nanoparticles assembled on the surface of nanofibers), but also can produce new chemical, electrical, optical, and other properties, with a composite synergistic effect. Aromatic polyimide (PI) is a high-performance polymer with a rigid heterocyclic imide ring and an aromatic benzene ring in its macromolecular framework. Due to its excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and easy-to-adjust molecular structure, PI has been widely used in electronics, aerospace, automotive, and other industries related to many applications. Here, we report that TiO2 nanorods were grown on polyimide nanofibers by hydrothermal reaction, and MoS2 nanosheets were grown on TiO2 nanorods the same way. Based on theoretical analysis and experimental findings, the possible growth mechanism was determined in detail. Further experiments showed that MoS2 nanosheets were uniformly coated on the surface of TiO2 nanorods. The TiO2 nanorods have photocatalytic activity in the ultraviolet region, but the bandgap of organic/inorganic layered nanocomposites can redshift to visible light and improve their photocatalytic performance.
Rating of Perceived Exertion in Professional Volleyball: A Systematic Review

The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is a non-invasive, cost effective, and time efficient strategy to measure training loads. However, data can be collected without following specific procedures and across a range of methods (e.g., different RPE scales and/or different operational questions). Consequently, practitioners working in professional volleyball can use this information in various ways with different assessment standards between them. Therefore, the purpose of the current review was to systematically and critically evaluate the use of RPE-based methods in professional volleyball athletes. Electronic searches were conducted in four databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science). The electronic search yielded 442 articles, from which 14 articles were included in the systematic review. All included studies used the BORG-CR10 scale to calculate the session RPE. The main findings indicate that, to minimize the effect of the last exercise of the session, the athlete should be presented with the RPE question 10 to 30 minutes after the session is finished. Additionally, in order to evaluate the intensity of the training session, the question should be “how hard/intense was your session? ”, avoiding questions without these adverbs or adjectives such as “how was your training session/workout? ”. Future studies should analyse the collection of the localized RPE responses in professional volleyball athletes and their relationships with objective markers such as the number of jumps and accelerations.
The Effect of Green Intellectual Capital on Green Performance in the Spanish Wine Industry: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Global environmental problems, such as global warming, pollution, or deforestation, are critical issues that require a rapid and common response. In this context, companies play a decisive role in achieving environmental objectives through the ecological knowledge they can store and manage. In this context, the present research focuses its interest on analyzing how the set of green intangibles possessed by organizations, i.e., Green Intellectual Capital (GIC), affects their Green Performance (GP). Specifically, the study shows how GP is influenced by GIC through the mediating role of the Green Innovation (GI) variable. Therefore, the research questions to be answered by this study are as follows: Does GIC influence environmental performance? Does GI mediate the GIC-GP relationship? What actions can companies take to improve their GP? There are several reasons that have led us to carry out this research. First, there is little empirical evidence of the relationships proposed in this study. Second, to the best of our knowledge, there is no previous research that has contextualized the relationships raised in the wine industry, thus representing an advance in the comprehension of the constructs studied. Third, GIC represents an incipient field of study that needs to be developed and established within the literature linked to Intellectual Capital (IC). In order to achieve the proposed objectives, data from a survey of 202 wineries in Spain were used and a quantitative approach was followed using Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between GIC and GP. In addition, GI partially mediates the relationship between these two variables, playing a key role in the environmental management of wineries. The theoretical and practical contributions of the study improve the understanding of the relationships raised, being a pioneering study due to its contextualization in the wine industry, as well as providing a series of guidelines for both environmental managers and winemakers to improve their GP.
Symmetric spaces associated to split algebraic groups over a local field.

Such a space Υ will be called a Symmetrie space over k. The space Υ is first defined s a subset of points of X(K) where K denotes the completion of the algebraic closure of k. Then an admissible covering of Yby affinoid subspaces of X® k is constructed. In 3.7 the connection with formal schemes over k° is explained. Independently from the analytic construction above a formal scheme 3E over k° with 'generic fibre' 7is constructed. Here we follow closely [Ku].
Decentering distortion of lenses

: The thin prism model has been widely adopted in the photogram metric literature to describe the effects of a sensibly decentered lens. Exact ex pressions are derived for the radial and tangential components of the disto'rtion introduced by a thin prism placed in front of a perfectly centered lens. This model is compared with an alternative model (Conrady, 1919) based on rigorous analytical ray tracing through a decentered lens. When the principal point of autocollimation is adopted as the plate origin, the two models are found to be in precise agreement regarding the tangential component of decentering distortion, but are found to be at variance by a factor of three regarding the radial compo nent. However, when compensatory translation of the plate and tipping of the camera are permitted to operate, the two models are found to be projectively equivalent to terms of leading order. Because this projective equivalence does not extend to higher order effects (which may assume prominence with wide angle cameras), Conrady's model is clearly to be preferred for general application. A n extended form of Conrady's model
Echocardiographic evaluation of Left ventricular function before and after trans-catheter patent ductus arteriosus closure

Introduction: there are limited available studies on LV hemodynamics alteration after trans-catheter PDA closure particularly diastolic function and most of studies are with 2D echocardiography. Objective: to evaluate the effect of trans-catheter closure of PDA on LV systolic and diastolic function in children and young adults using 2D and 3D echocardiography. Materials and methods: Al-Azhar University hospitals hosted this prospective cohort study, which included 20 patients with isolated PDA who had been referred to Cath lab for trans-catheter PDA closure; LV function evaluated by 2D, 3D echocardiography and TDI before, one day after closure and on follow-up. Results: 45% of patients developed post closure LV systolic dysfunction which improved completely after 3 months of follow up, all studied patients showed significant decrease in LAD, LAD/AoD, LVEDd, LVEDs, LVEDVI and LVESVI after 3 months of trans-catheter PDA closure; (LAD/AoD, LVEDVI, LVESVI, FS and LVEF) can be used as predictors of post closure LV systolic dysfunction, diastolic function was worse in individuals with post closure LV systolic dysfunction.
Art-based Research on Group Sandplay Therapy for Myanmar Refugee Children Staying in Malaysia

This study is based on the group sandplay therapy that we provided to Burmese Chin children living in Malaysia as ethnic and religious refugees and our analysis of the themes in the children’s sandboxes using an art-based research method. All the participants were Burmese Chin refugee children aged 10 to 13 years old, attending an international refugee school in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Participation was voluntary, with written consent from legal guardians. The sample chosen for the study comprised 12 children, with six males in one group and six females in the other group. Altogether, the children took part in five sandplay sessions, which lasted 120 minutes each. During these sessions, all the participants expressed individual the sandtray and then gathered to share and talk about the scenes they had made in the sand. After each session, it construed the children’s sand scenes, imaginative stories and symbolic image from an analytical psychology perspective and categorized the contents by common themes. As a result, six themes emerged: the loss of a place of life, abandoned children, bystanders, safety bases, and liberation/resettlement. Through the sandplay therapy, the refugee children could express their trauma in a safe, supportive environment. Sandplay provided these children with an opportunity to identify their trauma, independently overcome that trauma, and grow.