Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caveolin-1 Palliates Renal Oxidative Damage in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits

Background: Caveolin (CAV) is an essential component of caveolae and is found predominantly at the cytoplasma membrane. They have participated in many important cellular processes, including vesicular transport, cholesterol homeostasis, signal transduction and tumor suppression. Our previous study indicated that CAV-1 expression is associated with plaque formation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CAV-1 on inflammation and oxidant stress production in the hypercholesterol-affected target organs, i.e., kidney.Materials: Male New Zealand White rabbits that underwent fed 2％ cholesterol diet for induction of hypercholesterolemia for 6 weeks, following were injected intravenously with or without antennapedia-CAV-1 peptide (AP-CAV-1) every 2days for 2 weeks. The distribution of CAV-1, CyPA, neutral lipid, oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death of renal tissue were analyzed, and compared with non-hypercholesterolemic and orally fed a standard diet rabbits.Results: Staining intensity in CAV-1 treats animals is more intense than in the high-cholesterol induce hypercholesterolemic rabbits, which is expressed mainly in the close to vascular of kidney. CyPA and neutral lipid accumulation were significantly attenuated elevation by CAV-1 accompany 8-OHdG and △Ct expression with more low levels, decreasing the degree oxidative mtDNA damage (P ＜ 0.05). Signals of TUNEL-positive cells, which are up-regulated during the fed high-cholesterol diet, and a significant suppressed apoptotic cell death after CAV-1 treatment (P ＜ 0.01). Furthermore, CAV-1 treats can display mitochondrial morphology with a more condensed cytoplasm and dark electron-dense matrix.Conclusion: These findings indicate that CAV-1 down-regulates the renal oxidative stress production and inflammation that are vital for cell survival and mitochondrial function. Thus, CAV-1 may provide palliation for adverse renal reactions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits by reducing oxidative damage.
Proposal for the recognition of two species in the genus Chlamydia Jones, Rake, and Stearns, 19451

ABSTRACT The bacteria which cause the psittacosis-trachoma group of diseases and which are assigned to the genus Chlamydia Jones, Rake, and Stearns, 1945, can be separated conveniently and logically into two species. This separation is based on relatively stable morphological and chemical characteristics of the organisms rather than on their presumed host or tissue preferences or on the specific serology of their cell wall antigens. The type species Chlamydia trachomatis (Busacca) Rake 1957 is differentiated from the second species Chlamydia psittaci (Lillie 1930) comb. nov., by a simple key using tests that can be performed readily in the laboratory. Each species is defined, and the laboratory tests are described.
Using geometric and non-geometric internal evaluators to compare eight vegetation classification methods

Abstract Questions: How similar are solutions of eight commonly used vegetation classification methods? Which classification methods are most effective according to classification validity evaluators? How do evaluators with different optimality criteria differ in their assessments of classification efficacy? In particular, do evaluators which use geometric criteria (e.g. cluster compactness) and non-geometric evaluators (which rely on diagnostic species) offer similar classification evaluations? Methods: We analysed classifications of two vegetation datasets produced by eight classification methods. Classification solutions were assessed with five geometric and four non-geometric internal evaluators. We formally introduce three new evaluators: PARTANA, an intuitive variation on evaluators which use the ratio of within/between cluster dissimilarity as the optimality criterion, an adaptation of Morisita's index of niche overlap, and ISAMIC, an algorithm which measures the degree to which species are either always present or always absent within clusters. Results and Conclusions: 1. With the exception of single linkage hierarchical clustering, classifications resulting from the eight methods were often similar. 2. Although evaluators varied in their assessment of best overall classification method, they generally favored three hierarchical agglomerative clustering strategies: flexible beta (β = − 0.25), average linkage, and Ward's linkage. 3. Among introduced evaluators PARTANA appears to be an effective geometric strategy which provides assessments similar to C-index and Gamma evaluators. Non-geometric evaluators ISAMIC and Morisita's index demonstrate a strong bias for single linkage solutions. 4. Because non-geometric criteria are of interest to phytosociologists there is a strong need for their continued development for use with vegetation classifications.
How Relevant is Targeting to the Success of an Antipoverty Program

Policy-oriented discussions often assume that “better targeting” implies larger impacts on poverty or more cost-effective interventions for fighting poverty. The literature on the economics of targeting warns against that assumption, but evidence has been scarce and the lessons from the literature have often been ignored by practitioners. This paper shows that standard measures of targeting performance are uninformative or even deceptive about the impacts on poverty, and cost-effectiveness in reducing poverty, of a large cash transfer program in China. The results suggest that in program design and evaluation, it would be better to focus directly on the program’s outcomes for poor people than to rely on prevailing measures of targeting. JEL codes: I32, I38, O15 Like many developing countries, China is trying to develop an effective system of social protection based on cash transfers targeted to the poor. The largest such program that China has attempted—and almost certainly the largest such program in the developing world—is the “Minimum Livelihood Guarantee Scheme,” popularly known as Di Bao. This has been the government’s main response to the new challenges of social protection in urban areas. While economic reforms and structural changes in the Chinese economy have meant high rates of economic growth, it is believed that certain sub-groups have been adversely affected or have been unable to participate in the new economic opportunities due to long-term illness, disability, or their lack of skills. The collapse of the old safety net provided by guaranteed employment has clearly left some households vulnerable. Some of the “left behind” households started poor and some became poor, even though aggregate poverty rates have tended to fall over time. Urban areas have figured prominently in these concerns about the “new poor. ”
Identifying the Potential of Qur’anic Recitation on the Proliferation of Chondrocytes Derived from Rabbit Articular Cartilage: Work in Progress

Introduction: In Islamic practice, the use of Qur’anic recitation in treatment can be traced back to the times of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This preliminary study aims to identify the potential of Qur’anic recitation of Surah Al-Fatihah on the proliferation of chondrocytes derived from rabbit articular cartilage. Cartilage tissue engineering offers an alternative way to facilitate cartilage regeneration in-vitro. Materials and Methods: The cellular model was established using a serially cultured and expanded chondrocytes in-vitro. The model was assigned into three groups. The first group was exposed to the Surah Al-Fatihah, recited 17 times based on the five times daily prayer unit (Raka’ah) obligated upon Muslims. The second group was exposed to an Arabic poem recitation. The third group was not exposed to any sound and served as the control. All groups were subjected to the growth profile analysis. The analysis was conducted at different passages starting from passage 0 to passage 3. Results: The results showed that the cells proliferation based on the growth kinetic analysis is higher for the cells exposed with Qur’anic recitation as compared to the Arabic poem and control groups. Conclusions: The proliferation process of the rabbit articular cartilage might be influenced with the use of Qur’anic recitation and as well as Arabic poem recitation. Exposure to the Western poem recitation and mute sound will be added for future study. It is hoped that this study could shed some light on the potential use of the Qur’anic recitation to facilitate cartilage regeneration in tissue engineering studies.
A study on clinical and echocardiographic evaluation of neonatal cardiac murmurs and their follow up at 6 weeks of age

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common congenital malformations. Presence of cardiac murmur could be a warning sign of serious CHD. This study is done to emphasize the meticulous examination of the neonates for murmur and early referral for diagnosis and interventional therapy. OBJECTIVES: a. To determine the presence or absence of heart disease in neonates with cardiac murmurs. b. To identify clinical characteristics which differentiate pathological murmur from functional murmur. c. To assess the reliability of routine clinical neonatal evaluation in diagnosing CHD. d. Follow up of babies with detected lesion at 6 weeks of age to know about the evaluation of murmur. METHODOLOGY: Hospital based prospective study was conducted for a period of 12 months. All term neonates delivered in our hospital with cardiac murmurs were taken up for study. Detailed history was taken and associated clinical features noted. Chest X-ray and ECG were taken. Following which all neonates underwent echocardiography. Parents of babies with detected abnormality were counseled. These babies were followed up at 6 weeks of age for persistence of murmur and CHD. RESULTS: Among 4116 deliveries, 98 neonates with cardiac murmur were taken up for study. The percentage of having CHD among neonates with murmur was 53.06%. The incidence of heart disease in our hospital was 12.6%. VSD was the commonest defect. Incidence of CHD is higher in neonate of consanguineous parents. It is possible to make clinical diagnosis of murmur as innocent or pathological based on associated clinical features, X-ray and ECG abnormalities. CONCLUSION: It is important to evaluate all neonatal cardiac murmurs before they become symptomatic. Early diagnosis aids in early referral and appropriate intervention. These reduce morbidity and mortality . By evaluation of neonates based only on murmurs few CHD can be missed.
KBMA: A knowledge-based multi-objective application mapping approach for 3D NoC

Due to increased demands for communication at low power, an efficient application mapping has become vital in the area of network on chip (NoC). Optimisation of architectural structure in on-chip design is essential to maximise the performance of the network and minimise the cost functions. To address this issue, a knowledge-based memetic algorithm (KBMA) is proposed for 3D NoC for successful mapping with standard network topologies. The proposed KBMA adopts power, area and delay as a cost function for an effective mapping. The competence of the proposed method is verified through comparison with other natural inspired algorithms like particle swarm optimisation and genetic algorithm. The presented work is validated through four case studies which include real application benchmarks of NoC and random generated benchmarks using test graph for free.
Dynamics of floodplain fisheries in Bangladesh, results of 8 years fisheries monitoring in the Compartmentalization Pilot Project

Floodplain fisheries were monitored from 1992 until 2000 in the Compartmentalization Pilot Project in Tangail, Bangladesh.In permanent floodplains about 165 ± 28 kg ha )1 of fish was caught annually.For seasonal floodplains, this figure was 83 ± 23 kg ha )1 yr )1 . The fish catch exhibited a strong seasonal variation, with the highest catch in October, when the floodwater recedes towards the river, and the lowest catch during the dry season in April/May.The annual catch varied with the extent of flooding, with high catches in wet years and low catches in dry years.The extent of flooding was quantified through a Flood Index.Plotting the annual yields against this Flood Index provided a significant relation (P < 0.05), confirming the existence of a flood pulse. The fishing effort (f) and the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) were significantly related (P < 0.05), whereby the fishing effort increased with increasing CPUE.The results are discussed within the frame of fisheries management in Bangladesh and highlight the need for long-term data for proper evaluation of fisheries projects and the devel- opment of management schemes, and the difficulty of applying standard surplus production models in floodplain fisheries.
MYCOTOXINS AND MYCOTOXICOSIS IN TUNISIA: WHAT DO WE KNOW AND WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?

Mycotoxins and the pathologies they induce are becoming a world-wide preoccupation and a cause of serious economic and sanitary problems. Tunisia is also concerned, due to its climate, geographic situation, and the social and economic conditions of the population. Many data, including our own, have previously implicated several mycotoxins in specific and severe pathologies. In Tunisia a clear cut correlation has been found between the consumption of food contaminated by toxigenic fungi and specific pathologies. Clinical and laboratory-based studies performed in our laboratory provide a mechanistic explanation for the toxic effects of some mycotoxins. Our interest was focused on two mycotoxins: Ochratoxin A and Zearalenone, which are widely found in Tunisia, contaminating various supports of human and animal food chain. Ochratoxin A (OTA), is the main causal agent of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy. We hereby bring evidence that this pathology no longer concerns only Balkans. Tunisia appears to be a second hot .
Secondary voltage regulation based on average voltage control

This paper compares a conventional Secondary Voltage Regulation (SVR) scheme based on pilot nodes with a proposed SVR that takes into account average voltages of control zones. Voltage control significance for the operation of power systems has promoted several strategies in order to deal with this problem. However, the Hierarchical Voltage Control System (HVCS) is the only scheme effectively implemented with some relevant applications into real power systems.The HVCS divides the voltage control problem into three recognized stages. Among them, the SVR is responsible for managing reactive power resources to improve network voltage profile. Conventional SVR is based on dividing the system into some electrically distant zones and controlling the voltage levels of some specific nodes in the system named pilot nodes, whose voltage levels are accepted as appropriate indicators of network voltage profile.The SVR approach proposed in this work does not only consider the voltage on pilot nodes, but it also takes the average voltages of the defined zones to carry out their respective control actions. Additionally, this innovative approach allows to integrate more reactive power resources into each zone according to some previously defined participation factors.The comparison between these strategies shows that the proposed SVR achieves a better allocation of reactive power in the system than conventional SVR, and it is able to keep the desired voltage profile, which has been expressed in terms of network average voltage.
Effects of 2-week nocturnal oxygen supplementation and continuous positive airway pressure treatment on psychological symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized placebo-controlled study.

Abstract Psychological symptom improvement has been observed after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Because CPAP normalizes both sleep disruption and oxyhemoglobin desaturation, the mechanism of psychological symptom improvement is unclear. Using a 3-arm placebo-controlled design, we parsed out the separate effects of treatment on psychological symptoms. OSA patients (N = 38) were monitored 2 nights with polysomnography and then randomized to 2-weeks therapeutic CPAP, placebo CPAP, or O2 supplementation. Pre-and post-treatment, patients completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI): Higher scores indicate greater severity. Repeated measures analysis of covariance reveals a Time × Treatment interaction for BSI Global Severity Index (GSI): significant pre- to post-treatment reductions in GSI with O2 supplementation and therapeutic CPAP, but not placebo CPAP. A Time × Treatment interaction was also found for depression: Depression decreased with O2 suppleme.
An experimental test of the prolonged brood care model in the tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor)

The prolonged brood care model rests on the assumption that retaining an offspring through the winter months in the face of a limited food supply should have a cost for parents. We tested this idea with a New World permanent-resident bird, the tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor). Using DNA fingerprinting, we assessed the degree of relatedness between adult and juvenile birds in 17 winter groups, finding that in 8 of the groups no young bird was the offspring of the territorial pair. We compared the nutritional condition of territorial adult birds in small forest fragments from which their own offspring and other young had been removed with the nutritional condition of control birds from unmanipulated fragments. Contrary to the model’s assumption, the nutritional condition of adults in treatment groups (young removed) appeared to be worse, not better, than in groups where a related juvenile was present. These results suggest that the prolonged brood care model may not be universal in its application and that under some ecological conditions, retaining offspring through the winter can result in a net benefit for territorial adults despite the necessity of sharing resources. Key words: Baeolophus bicolor, nutritional condition, parental care, prolonged brood care model, winter social groups. [Behav Ecol 11:309–314 (2000)]
A study of factors causing meconium stained amniotic fluid and itâ€™s impact on perinatal outcome

Objectives: To identify the risk factors for meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and it’s impact on perinatal outcome. Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted in labour room & operation theatre of St. Theresa’s Hospital from May 2015-May 2016. A total of 110 women who were found to have meconium on spontaneous or artificial rupture of membranes were monitored with fetal heart rate abnormalities,5 minute APGAR score and neonatal complications like meconium aspiration syndrome(MAS) as outcome variables. Results: The results of the study were analysed statistically using Windostat Version 9.2. The incidence of MSAF was 12.01%. Based on this study, it is evident that the incidence of MSAF was more in women with Oligohydramnios , Prolonged pregnancy , Diabetes complicating pregnancy , Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, Fetal growth restriction and in women with induced labour. The Chi Square test was applied between Grades of Meconium and APGAR Score. p value< 0.05 which was statistically significant. Also, the study between Grades of Meconium and Cardiotocograph (CTG) pattern proved to be significant with p value < 0.05. Conclusion: MSAF alone is not associated with an adverse neonatal outcome, 78.18% of abies remained asymptomatic. Increasing grade of meconium is associated with increased adverse outcome. Association of MSAF with abnormal CTG is associated with poor outcome, increased caesarean section rate, increased neonatal complications. The presence of thick meconium is associated with increase in the perinatal morbidity and mortality and hence its presence should not be overlooked. Keywords: MSAF, CTG, APGAR score, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome.
Physiological adjustments to dilution of the external medium in the lip‐shark, Hemiscyllium plagiosum (bennett). III. Oxygen consumption and metabolic rates

During the initial period of adjustment of the lip-shark, Hemiscyllium plagiosum, to a dilute medium there is an apparent decline in rate of oxygen consumption which is due mainly to the accumulation of water in the body. There is a rapid loss of lipid and glycogen from the liver. After complete adaptation to the dilute medium, the oxygen consumption rate increases to the original level of the animal in sea water. A metabolic balance sheet based on the oxygen consumption, total nitrogen excretion and the assumption that muscle catabolism supplies the bulk of the energy, indicates that the lip-shark has an elevated catabolic rate in the dilute medium. The calculated catabolic rate agrees well with the rate of loss in body weight in the unfed fish. Blood glucose is well maintained while tissue-lactate concentrations decline following adaptation to 46% sea water. Thus the availability of oxygen and metabolite are not limiting with respect to survival in diluted sea water.
Phytochemical screening and in vitro bioactivity of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Euphorbiaceae)

Eight principal bioactive compounds were investigated in the dry leaf water and ethanolic extracts of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius. In all, three active components were positive for both extracts. These include phenols, saponins and cardiac glycosides. Phlobatannin was detected in the water extract while alkaloids occurred in the ethanolic extract. Flavonoids, anthraquinones and combined anthraquinones were absent in both extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the plant was carried out on Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus using ethanolic. S. typhi showed some sensitivity to the ethanolic extract (1.5 ± 0.5 mm) unlike the dry and fresh water extracts but much more sensitive (P<0.05) to chloramphenicol ( 17 ± 0.1 mm). However, fresh leaf water extract, dry leaf ethanolic extract and chloramphenicol showed 2.0 ± 0.5, 3.0 ± 0.1 and 11.5 ± 0.1 mm bioactivity respectively against S. aureus. There was no indication of antimicrobial activity in the dry leaf water extract for both bacteria strains. Key words: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius , Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus,phytochemical, bioactivity.
2‐Bromo‐5‐methoxy‐N′‐[(E)‐(2‐nitrophenyl)methylene]benzohydrazide

Geometric parameters of the title compound, C15H12BrN3O4, a Schiff base, are in the usual ranges. There are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, differing in the dihedral angles between the aromatic rings and the central CO—NH—N=C unit. Furthermore, the Car—Car—O—CH3 torsion angles differ by almost 180°. The crystal packing is stabilized by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
The invasion of Undaria pinnatifida to a Macrocystis pyrifera kelp in Patagonia (Argentina, south-west Atlantic)

Biological invasions can alter the biodiversity of native communities generating an ecological impact that in many cases is irreversible. In 2001, Undaria pinnatifida invaded Macrocystis pyrifera kelp in Cracker Bay (42°56′S, 64°27′W; Northern Patagonia, Argentina). The possible impact of that invasion was evaluated in March 2004 with a study of population and morphological parameters of both kelp species and their associated holdfast biodiversity. Three nearby areas of spatial distribution of the kelps were differentiated, one dominated by M. pyrifera (M), an intermediate area characterized by M. pyrifera and U. pinnatifida (M+U), and another dominated by U. pinnatifida (U). In each area, sporophytes in nine quadrats of 1 m2 were collected. The density and biomass m−2, the height of the sporophytes and the size of the holdfast of M. pyrifera did not diminish in the presence of U. pinnatifida. The richness, abundance and diversity of the flora associated with the holdfast of both kelps were similar, whereas these parameters were higher in the case of the fauna associated to M. pyrifera than U. pinnatifida Results obtained in this work suggest that, at this invasion stage, there is no evidence of interspecific competition. Nevertheless, since density and diversity of the fauna associated with the holdfast is different, we expect community changes if the U. pinnatifida invasion continues to expand.