Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POST-BUCKLING OF REDUNDANT I-BEAMS

It is shown that while redundant I-beams have similar potential post-buckling reserves of strength to those possessed by redundant rectangular beams, their decreased section slendernesses requires great post-buckling deformations to take place before these reserves of strength can be realized. It is concluded that redundant I-beams are less likely to achieve their potential post-buckling strengths than narrow rectangular beams because of premature yielding, and that the elastic post- buckling behavior of steel I-beams will rarely be important, except when the member and section slendernesses and the yield strength are high and large deformations are acceptable. The reliability of Southwell Plot methods of predicting the experimental critical loads of redundant I-beams is investigated and the methods are shown to be adequate provided that the deflections are only small to moderate.
A HOT BIG BANG THEORY: MAGNETIC FIELDS AND THE EARLY EVOLUTION OF THE PROTOLUNAR DISK

The leading theory for the formation of Earth’s Moon invokes a collision between a Mars-sized body and the proto-Earth to produce a disk of orbiting material that later condenses to form the Moon. We show that the disk opacity is large, and cooling is therefore inefficient ( ). In this regime, angular momentum transport in the disk leads to steady heating unless . Following earlier work by Charnoz and Michaut, and Carballido et al., we show that once the disk is completely vaporized it is well coupled to the magnetic field. We consider a scenario in which turbulence driven by magnetic fields leads to a brief, hot phase where the disk is geometrically thick, with strong turbulent mixing. The disk cools by spreading until it decouples from the field. We point out that approximately half the accretion energy is dissipated in the boundary layer where the disk meets the Earth’s surface. This creates high entropy material close to the Earth, driving convection and mixing. Finally, a hot magnetized disk could drive bipolar outflows that remove mass and angular momentum from the Earth–Moon system.
Refractive indices and absorption coefficients of MgxZn1−xO alloys

Indices of refraction for MgxZn1−xO epitaxial films grown by pulsed-laser deposition on sapphire substrates with x up to 0.36 were determined in the range of wavelength 457–968 nm by analysis of optical transmission spectra and prism-coupled waveguide measurements. The dispersion follows the first-order Sellmeier dispersion equation. Absorption coefficients, exciton energy gaps, and binding energies of MgxZn1−xO alloys were determined by transmission spectroscopy. The excitonic absorption features were clearly visible at room temperature despite alloy broadening. These results provide important information for the design and modeling of ZnO/MgZnO heterostructure optoelectronic devices.
3He: does the problem persist?

To understand the chemical evolution of the Galaxy, we need to understand the contribution of PNe in the 3He abundance. 3He abundances have been detected only in a couple of PNe, their abundances are consistent with the standard models, in which 3He is produced in significant quantities by stars of 1-2M_sun. However, for all the other PNe observed to date there have been no detections, therefore only upper limits in their abundance can be calculated. Observations of the 3He+ emission line using the VLA towards the PNe IC 418, NGC 6572 and NGC 7009 were used to obtain upper limits for their 3He abundance. Because the abundance of 3He in HII regions, the ISM and the proto-solar system is much lower than what is predicted, new chemical models were proposed. The resulting evolution of 3He, based on stellar evolution models, can be consistent with the values determined in pre-solar material and the ISM if 96 percent of the population of stars with mass below 2. 5M_sun has undergone enhanced 3He depletion. This implies that unless the combined sample of PNe that has been observed so far is very atypical, the solution to the "The 3He Problem" lies elsewhere. However, the results presented here suggest that more observations are needed in order to make a strong conclusion about the stellar evolution models.
Defect Surface Engineering of Hollow NiCo2S4 Nanoprisms towards Performance-Enhanced Non-Enzymatic Glucose Oxidation

Transition metal sulfides have been explored as electrode materials for non-enzymatic detection. In this work, we investigated the effects of phosphorus doping on the electrochemical performances of NiCo2S4 electrodes (P-NiCo2S4) towards glucose oxidation. The fabricated non-enzymatic biosensor displayed better sensing performances than pristine NiCo2S4, with a good sensitivity of 250 µA mM−1 cm−2, a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.46 µM (S/N = 3), a wide linear range of 0.001 to 5.2 mM, and high selectivity. Moreover, P-NiCo2S4 demonstrated its feasibility for glucose determination for practical sample testing. This is due to the fact that the synergetic effects between Ni and Co species, and the partial substitution of S vacancies with P can help to increase electronic conductivity, enrich binary electroactive sites, and facilitate surface electroactivity. Thus, it is found that the incorporation of dopants into NiCo2S4 is an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical activity of host materials.
Chaos, decoherence and quantum cosmology

In this topical review we discuss the connections between chaos, decoherence and quantum cosmology. We understand chaos as classical chaos in systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom, decoherence as environment induced decoherence and quantum cosmology as the theory of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation or else the consistent history formulation thereof, first in mini super spaces and later through its extension to midi super spaces. The overall conclusion is that consideration of decoherence is necessary (and probably sufficient) to sustain an interpretation of quantum cosmology based on the wavefunction of the Universe adopting a Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin form for large Universes, but a definitive account of the semiclassical transition in classically chaotic cosmological models is not available in the literature yet.
UNCOVERING THE NUCLEUS CANDIDATE FOR NGC 253

NGC 253 is the nearest spiral galaxy with a nuclear starburst that becomes the best candidate for studying the relationship between starburst and active galactic nucleus activity. However, this central region is veiled by large amounts of dust, and it has been so far unclear which is the true dynamical nucleus to the point that there is no strong evidence that the galaxy harbors a supermassive black hole co-evolving with the starburst as was supposed earlier. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, especially NIR emission line analysis, could be advantageous in shedding light on the true nucleus identity. Using Flamingos-2 at Gemini South we have taken deep K-band spectra along the major axis of the central structure and through the brightest infrared source. In this work, we present evidence showing that the brightest NIR and mid-infrared source in the central region, already known as radio source TH7 and so far considered just a large stellar supercluster, in fact presents various symptoms of a genuine galactic nucleus. Therefore, it should be considered a valid nucleus candidate. Mentioning some distinctive aspects, it is the most massive compact infrared object in the central region, located at 2. ″0 of the symmetry center of the galactic bar, as measured in the K-band emission. Moreover, our data indicate that this object is surrounded by a large circumnuclear stellar disk and it is also located at the rotation center of the large molecular gas disk of NGC 253. Furthermore, a kinematic residual appears in the H2 rotation curve with a sinusoidal shape consistent with an outflow centered in the candidate nucleus position. The maximum outflow velocity is located about 14 pc from TH7, which is consistent with the radius of a shell detected around the nucleus candidate, observed at 18.3 μm (Qa) and 12.8 μm ([Ne ii]) with T-ReCS. Also, the Brγ emission line profile shows a pronounced blueshift and this emission line also has the highest equivalent width at this position. All this evidence points to TH7 as the best candidate for the galactic nucleus of NGC 253.
Carrier-controlled ferromagnetism in SrTiO3

Magnetotransport and superconducting properties are investigated for uniformly La-doped SrTiO3 films and GdTiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures, respectively. GdTiO3/SrTiO3 interfaces exhibit a high-density two-dimensional electron gas on the SrTiO3-side of the interface, while for the SrTiO3 films carriers are provided by the dopant atoms. Both types of samples exhibit ferromagnetism at low temperatures, as evidenced by a hysteresis in the magnetoresistance. For the uniformly doped SrTiO3 films, the Curie temperature is found to increase with doping and to coexist with superconductivity for carrier concentrations on the high-density side of the superconducting dome. The Curie temperature of the GdTiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures scales with the thickness of the SrTiO3 quantum well. The results are used to construct a stability diagram for the ferromagnetic and superconducting phases of SrTiO3.
Current Clinical Practice of Precision Medicine Using Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Tests in Biliary Tract Cancer in Japan

With the recent advances of next generation sequencing technologies, comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) tests, which are designed to measure more than hundreds of cancer-related genes at a time, have now been widely introduced into daily clinical practice. For the patients whose tumor samples are not fit for tissue-based CGP tests, a blood-based CGP test (liquid biopsy) is available as an alternative option. Three CGP tests, “OncoGuide NCC™Oncopanel System (124 genes)”, “FoundationOne®CDx (324 genes)”, and “Founda-tionOne®CDx Liquid (324 genes)”, are now reimbursed by public insurance in 233 hospitals designated for cancer genomic medicine in Japan. In biliary tract cancer, the prevalence of druggable variants is relatively higher compared to other cancer types and the European Society for Medical Oncology recommends routine use of CGP tests for advanced biliary tract cancer to guide treatment options. The latest National Cancer Center Network guideline lists eight druggable markers (NTRK fusion, MSI-H, TMB-H, BRAF V600E, FGFR2 fusions/rearrangement, IDH1 mutations, RET fusion, and HER2 overexpression) and matched therapies. In Japan, matched therapies for four markers (NTRK, MSI-H, TMB-H, and FGFR2) are reimbursed by public insurance (as of September 2022). The progress of genomic profiling technology will contribute to the improvement of the dismal clinical outcomes of this disease in the future.
Integrating Digital Literacy into Sociolinguistics Class in MBKM Curriculum through Theory of Planned Behavior

Independent Learning Curriculum (MBKM) is arranged to improve the students’ competencies in the revolution industry 4.0. One of the important aspects in that curriculum is a broad knowledge of digital literacy. Integrating digital literacy into Sociolinguistics class in this study employed Project Based Learning (PBL) by creating posters and short learning video. The results of these assignments were analyzed through Theory of Planned Behavior by Ajzen. This case study aims to investigate the types of students’ beliefs on the use of integrating digital literacy into Sociolinguistics class. This study employed triangulation data; questionnaire, interview and observation. Those instruments were used to identify the process and results of integrating digital literacy into Sociolinguistics class through behavior belief, cognitive belief, normative belief, and control belief. The result of this study found students believe that the use of integrating digital literacy into Sociolinguistics class influenced heir strategy of learning. Thus, having a strong belief of integrating digital literacy shows the students’ perception to use digital technology in Sociolinguistics class
Origin of the X-ray Broad Iron Spectral Feature in GRS 1915+105

The X-ray spectrum of GRS 1915+105 is known to have a ``broad iron spectral feature'' in the spectral hard state. Similar spectral features are often observed in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and other black-hole binaries (BHBs), and several models have been proposed for explaining it. In order to distinguish spectral models, time variation provides an important key. In AGNs, variation amplitude has been found to drop significantly at the iron K-energy band at timescales of ~10 ks. If spectral variations of black-holes are normalized by their masses, the spectral variations of BHBs at timescales of sub-seconds should exhibit similar characteristics to those of AGNs. In this paper, we investigated spectral variations of GRS 1915+105 at timescales down to ~10 ms. This was made possible for the first time with the Suzaku XIS Parallel-sum clocking (P-sum) mode, which has the CCD energy-resolution as well as a time-resolution of 7.8 ms. Consequently, we found that the variation amplitude of GRS 1915+105 does not drop at the iron K-energy band at any timescales from 0.06 s to 63000 s, and that the entire X-ray flux and the iron feature are independently variable at timescales of hours. These are naturally understood in the framework of the ``partial covering'' model, in which variation timescales of the continuum flux and partial absorbers are independent. The difference of energy dependence of the variation amplitude between AGN and BHB is presumably due to different mechanisms of the outflow winds, i.e., the partial absorbers are due to UV-line driven winds (AGN) or thermally-driven winds (BHB).
Effects of Different Forage Types on Rumen Fermentation, Microflora, and Production Performance in Peak-Lactation Dairy Cows

Forages are vital in maintaining the dietary structures of ruminants, and reducing their costs is important for improving dairy production efficiency. Thus, this study investigated the effects of dietary forage types on dry matter intake, production, rumen fermentation, and the microbial profile in peak-lactating cows. Eight cows (600 ± 25 kg) with days in milk (60 ± 10 days) were assigned to four groups using a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design: OG (oat hay + alfalfa hay + corn silage + concentrate), CW (Leymus chinensis + alfalfa hay + corn silage + concentrate), AS (alfalfa silage + oat hay + corn silage + concentrate), and AC (alkali-treated corn straw + alfalfa hay + corn silage + concentrate). The ruminal butyrate acid concentration was lower in the OG group than in the AS and AC groups post-feeding (12 h; p < 0.05). Ruminal NH3-N content was higher in the AS group than in the AC and CW groups post-feeding (9 h; p < 0.05). The percentage of ruminal Oscillospira and unknown microbes was higher in the CW group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The total rumination time and rumination time per dry matter intake of AC were significantly higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). Milk lactose content in the AS group was highest among the groups (p < 0.05), and milk fat content was higher in the OG group than in the CW group (all p < 0.05). Overall, our results suggested that the butyrate acid content of forage from oat hay in rumen fermentation was significantly lower than that of calcium oxide and alfalfa silage sources when the dietary nutrition level was similar. The diet derived from L. chinensis increased the number of fibrillation helices related to fiber-decomposing bacteria and simultaneously increased unknown strains. Forage derived from alfalfa silage tended to increase milk protein levels. Alkali-treated corn straw could significantly increase the total rumination time and unit dry matter rumination time of dairy cows, which plays an important role in maintaining rumen health. The rational use of low-quality forage has broad prospects in China.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DUAL CURED RESIN LUTING AGENTS ON FRACTURE RESISTANCE AND SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF LITHIUM DISILICATE OCCLUSAL VENEERS

INTRODUCTION: Occlusal veneer are considered promising solutions for coronal tooth structure loss. Pressed lithium disilicate is the first choice indirect restorative material. Resin cements are the weak point in this biomimetic solution. OBJECTIVES: Investigate the fracture resistance and shear bond strength of lithium di-silicate occlusal veneer using different dual cured resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 28 sound extracted human permanent molars were used. They were divided into 2 groups (n=14) according to 2 different tooth preparation. For group A the occlusal surface was anatomically reduced for fracture resistance test, while for group B the occlusal surface was flattened for shear bond strength test. Each group was divided into subgroups (n=7) according to resin cement system type used. For group A1 and B1, Panavia F 2.0 self-etch resin cement. While for group A2, B2 Variolink Ethetics total etch resin cement was used. Lithium disilicate veneers (1mm) and discs (2×4 mm) were cemented according to manufacturer's instructions. Bonded samples were tested for fracture resistance and shear bond strength after thermocycling. Failure mode was determined. The data were statistically analyzed (p≤0.05). RESULTS: Type of resin cement had a statistically significant difference on the fracture resistance and shear bond strength with P ≤ 0.05. Group (A2) Total etch Variolink Esthetic resin cement provided higher fracture strength (2259.5 N). Also, Group (B2) provided higher bond strength (34.36 MPa). CONCLUSION: The lithium disilicate occlusal veneers are preferred using total etch adhesive to get the best bond strength and fracture resistance sufficient to withstand loading in molar region.
Glass powder from non-returnable bottles: Pozzolanic additive to mortar

Solid waste from disposable long neck bottles was used as pozzolanic additive to the cement matrix. Mortar specimens containing finely ground glass (90-53 µm) until 15 wt% were evaluated for physical and mechanical properties. The mechanical test showed an increase of 97% (greater than the values found in the literature) in the axial compression strength of the samples containing glass due to the increased pozzolanic activity index caused by glass addition to mortar. The mechanical strength was relatively greater when the glass particle size was reduced (53-38µm). The pozzolanic activity was observed at advanced ages either, by Brazilian standardized tests or thermal reactions between water and calcium hydroxides. Scanning electron microscopy reinforced the hydrated-calcium silicates present after calcium hydroxide consumption, characteristic of pozzolanic materials. From a technical and environmental viewpoint, the use of glass waste from long neck bottles as pozzolanic additive to the cement matrix proved to be feasible.
Statistical Power in Structural Equation Modeling

Latent Growth Curve Models (LGCM) simultaneously structure changes in means, variances, and covariances. Using approximation methods, we investigated the power to detect covariance in change in a bivariate LGCM (Hertzog et al. 2006). Power was surprisingly low throughout for reliabilities below 0.9 and less than 4 to 5 measurement occasions. In another study (Hertzog et al., in press), we used Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the power for detecting slope variance using different statistics. Power again was low and depended on the specific significance test and the covariance between slope and intercept.
Mesogranulation and small-scale dynamo action in the quiet Sun

Context. Regions of quiet Sun generally exhibit a complex distribution of small-scale magnetic field structures, which interact with the near-surface turbulent convective motions. Furthermore, it is probable that some of these magnetic fields are generated locally by a convective dynamo mechanism. In addition to the well-known granular and supergranular convective scales, various observations have indicated that there is an intermediate scale of convection, known as mesogranulation, with vertical magnetic flux concentrations accumulating preferentially at the boundaries of mesogranules. Aims. Our aim is to investigate the small-scale dynamo properties of a convective flow that exhibits both granulation and mesogranulation, comparing our findings with solar observations. Methods. Adopting an idealised model for a localised region of quiet Sun, we use numerical simulations of compressible magnetohydrodynamics, in a three-dimensional Cartesian domain, to investigate the parametric dependence of this system (focusing particularly upon the effects of varying the aspect ratio and the Reynolds number). Results. In purely hydrodynamic convection, we find that mesogranulation is a robust feature of this system provided that the domain is wide enough to accommodate these large-scale motions. The mesogranular peak in the kinetic energy spectrum is more pronounced in the higher Reynolds number simulations. We investigate the dynamo properties of this system in both the kinematic and the nonlinear regimes and we find that the dynamo is always more efficient in larger domains, when mesogranulation is present. Furthermore, we use a filtering technique in Fourier space to demonstrate that it is indeed the larger scales of motion that are primarily responsible for driving the dynamo. In the nonlinear regime, the magnetic field distribution compares very favourably to observations, both in terms of the spatial distribution and the measured field strengths.
Characterization of the Sarcidano Horse Coat Color Genes

Simple Summary Currently, considerable attention is paid to the conservation of biological diversity, with the aim of saving low-spread populations from extinction. This study aimed to contribute to the general knowledge of the Sarcidano Horse, a small population autochthonous of the Sardinia island. Due to their semi-feral condition, it is assumed that there have been no crossings with domestic breeds. Since it is well known that the variety of coat colors in many current breeds derives from domestication and human selection, a first step towards a deeper knowledge of this breed has focussed on the study of the genetic basis of the coat colors. DNA from 70 Sarcidano horses has been analyzed to characterize MC1R and ASIP genes, responsible for the three basic coat colors: bay, black and chestnut. The results showed a clear prevalence of the chestnut color, a limited number of black and a very small presence of bay coats. Moreover, Sarcidano Horse showed only the basic coat color set, with no color dilution or spotting, which suggests the lack of crossbreeding with other domestic breeds and the state of genetic isolation of this population. Efforts in maintaining healthy this ancient genetic resource, through accurate genetic and phenotypic controls, look of vital importance. Abstract The goal of this study was to contribute to the general knowledge of the Sarcidano Horse, both by the identification of the genetic basis of the coat color and by updating the exact locations of the genotyping sites, based on the current EquCab3.0 genome assembly version. One-hundred Sarcidano Horses, living in semi-feral condition, have been captured to perform health and biometric checks. From that total number, 70 individual samples of whole blood were used for DNA extraction, aimed to characterize the genetic basis of the coat color. By genotyping and sequencing analyses of the MC1R Exon 1 and ASIP Exon 3, a real image of the coat color distribution in the studied population has been obtained. Chestnut and Black resulted in the most representative coat colors both from a phenotypic and genotypic point of view, that is suggestive of no human domestication or crossbreeding with domestic breed. Due to its ancient origin and genetic isolation, an active regional plan for the conservation of this breed would be desirable, focused on maintenance of resident genotypes and genetic resources. Collection and management of DNA, sperm, embryos, with the involvement of research centers and Universities, could be a valid enhancing strategy.