Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Rhinoplasty Outcomes with FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module: Norwegian Linguistic Validation and Clinical Application in 243 Patients

Background: Patient satisfaction after rhinoplasty is a growing area of research. The FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module, used to assess these values, requires translation to national languages. Methods: Fourteen questions assessing the Satisfaction with Nose Scale and Adverse Effects Checklist of FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module were translated to Norwegian with adherence to the Mapi Research Trust guidelines. Answers were processed by QuestBack anonymously. Of the 243 patients undergoing rhinoplasty at Oslo Plastic Surgery Clinic, 214 patients were reachable by e-mail. Results: Response rates to the pre- and postoperative questionnaire were 23% and 32%, respectively. Responses for somewhat or very satisfied with the nose (pre- versus postoperative) were: overall size of the nose (16.3% versus 61.7%); how straight the nose looks (22.4% versus. 58.3%); how well the nose suits the face (12.2% versus 60%); length of the nose (20.4% versus 68.4%); width of the nose at the bottom (26.6% versus 55%); bridge of the nose (14.3% versus 55%); how the nose looks in photographs (10.2% versus 50%), and tip of the nose (16.3% versus 48.3%). Adverse effects (pre- versus postoperative) were moderate or extreme difficulty breathing through the nose (28.6% versus 35%); tenderness (6.1% versus 23.7%); skin of the nose looking thick or swollen (14.6% versus 30.5%); and unnatural bumps or hollows on the nose (55.1% versus 53.3%). Conclusions: Satisfaction levels in rhinoplasty patients are not as high as in other cosmetic surgery procedures, such as breast augmentation. However, compared with baseline, satisfaction levels showed great improvement postoperatively. The Rhinoplasty Module seems useful in evaluating outcome of rhinoplasty. We encourage application of this clinical outcome of rhinoplasty in and among centers.
Investigating the heavy metals’ removal capacity of some native plant species from the wetland groundwater of Maharlu Lake in Fars province, Iran

Abstract Saline Maharlu Lake in southern Iran is the outlet of Shiraz-Sarvestan basin, an inland flat lake, which its surroundings appear as wetland environment. The groundwater of the wetland area is polluted with heavy metals from the lake, and the wetland native plants grown in this area potentially have the tendency of uptaking the heavy metals from their rhizosphere environments. The lake is in hydraulic connection with its wetland groundwater and reverse hydraulic gradient results in movement of pollutants into the aquifers. This study aims to realize the wetland native plants efficiency in phytoremediation of the heavy metal. Groundwater samples were collected for analysis from rhizosphere of Jancus sp. , Tamarix sp. , and Suaeda sp. and compared with those of wetland regions without plants. Depletion and bio-concentration factors were calculated to evaluate the plants capability in removing metals from the wetland and determining the more suitable plant for phytoremediation. Results showed depletion of metals in the plant areas in compare with the bare land regions. Among the plants, the most depletion is for Jancus sp. followed by Tamarix sp. and Suaeda sp. The results also highlighted the potential of Jancus sp. for enhancing phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated wetland, especially for Pb.
The influence of hypoxia on the prostate cancer proteome

Abstract Prostate cancer accounts for around 15% of male deaths in Western Europe and is the second leading cause of cancer death in men after lung cancer. Mounting evidence suggests that prostate cancer deposits exist within a hypoxic environment and this contributes to radio-resistance thus hampering one of the major therapies for this cancer. Recent reports have shown that nitric oxide (NO) donating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduced tumour hypoxia as well as maintaining a radio-sensitising/therapeutic effect on prostate cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of hypoxia on the proteome of the prostate and to establish whether NO-NSAID treatment reverted the protein profiles back to their normoxic status. To this end an established hormone insensitive prostate cancer cell line, PC-3, was cultured under hypoxic and normoxic conditions before and following exposure to NO-NSAID in combination with selected other common prostate cancer treatment types. The extracted proteins were analysed by ion mobility-assisted data independent acquisition mass spectrometry (MS), combined with multivariate statistical analyses, to measure hypoxia-induced alterations in the proteome of these cells. The analyses demonstrated that under hypoxic conditions there were well-defined, significantly regulated/differentially expressed proteins primarily involved with structural and binding processes including, for example, TUBB4A, CIRP and PLOD1. Additionally, the exposure of hypoxic cells to NSAID and NO-NSAID agents, resulted in some of these proteins being differentially expressed; for example, both PCNA and HNRNPA1L were down-regulated, corresponding with disruption in the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling process.
Small RNA Profiling of piRNAs in Colorectal Cancer Identifies Consistent Overexpression of piR-24000 That Correlates Clinically with an Aggressive Disease Phenotype

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) represent a novel class of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have been shown to have a deregulated expression in several cancers, although their clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. With an aim of delineating the piRNA distribution in CRC, we conducted a systematic discovery and validation of piRNAs within two clinical cohorts. In the discovery phase, we profiled tumor and adjacent normal tissues from 18 CRC patients by deep sequencing and identified a global piRNA downregulation in CRC. Moreover, we identified piR-24000 as an unexplored piRNA that was significantly overexpressed in CRC. Using qPCR, we validated the overexpression of piR-24000 in 87 CRC patients. Additionally, we identified a significant association between a high expression of piR-24000 and an aggressive CRC phenotype including poor differentiation, presence of distant metastases, and a higher stage. Lastly, ROC analysis demonstrated a strong diagnostic power of piR-24000 in discriminating CRC patients from normal subjects. Taken together, this study provides one of the earliest large-scale reports of the global distribution of piRNAs in CRC. In addition, piR-24000 was identified as a likely oncogene in CRC that can serve as a biomarker or a therapeutic target.
Dominance of Gas-Eating, Biofilm-Forming Methylobacterium Species in the Evaporator Cores of Automobile Air-Conditioning Systems

Air-conditioning systems (ACS) are indispensable for human daily life; however, microbial community analysis in automobile ACS has yet to be comprehensively investigated. A bacterial community analysis of 24 heat exchanger fins from five countries (South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates [UAE]) revealed that Methylobacterium species are some of the dominant bacteria in automobile ACS. Furthermore, we suggested that the predominance of Methylobacterium species in automobile ACS is due to the utilization of mixed volatile organic compounds and their great ability for aggregation and biofilm formation. ABSTRACT Microbial communities in the evaporator core (EC) of automobile air-conditioning systems have a large impact on indoor air quality, such as malodor and allergenicity. DNA-based microbial population analysis of the ECs collected from South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates revealed the extraordinary dominance of Methylobacterium species in EC biofilms. Mixed-volatile organic compound (VOC) utilization and biofilm-forming capabilities were evaluated to explain the dominance of Methylobacterium species in the ECs. The superior growth of all Methylobacterium species could be possible under mixed-VOC conditions. Interestingly, two lifestyle groups of Methylobacterium species could be categorized as the aggregator group, which sticks together but forms a small amount of biofilm, and the biofilm-forming group, which forms a large amount of biofilm, and their genomes along with phenotypic assays were analyzed. Pili are some of the major contributors to the aggregator lifestyle, and succinoglycan exopolysaccharide production may be responsible for the biofilm formation. However, the coexistence of these two lifestyle Methylobacterium groups enhanced their biofilm formation compared to that with each single culture. IMPORTANCE Air-conditioning systems (ACS) are indispensable for human daily life; however, microbial community analysis in automobile ACS has yet to be comprehensively investigated. A bacterial community analysis of 24 heat exchanger fins from five countries (South Korea, China, the United States, India, and the United Arab Emirates [UAE]) revealed that Methylobacterium species are some of the dominant bacteria in automobile ACS. Furthermore, we suggested that the predominance of Methylobacterium species in automobile ACS is due to the utilization of mixed volatile organic compounds and their great ability for aggregation and biofilm formation.
Comparison of the ID Now Influenza A & B 2, Cobas Influenza A/B, and Xpert Xpress Flu Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Influenza A/B Virus Detection in Children

Early diagnosis of influenza (Flu) is critical for patient management and infection control. The ID Now influenza A & B 2 (ID Now) assay (Abbott Laboratories), Cobas influenza A/B nucleic acid test (LIAT; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.), and Xpert Xpress Flu (Xpert; Cepheid) are rapid, point-of-care molecular assays for Flu virus detection. The study aim was to compare the performances of these three commercially available Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived Flu virus assays. ABSTRACT Early diagnosis of influenza (Flu) is critical for patient management and infection control. The ID Now influenza A & B 2 (ID Now) assay (Abbott Laboratories), Cobas influenza A/B nucleic acid test (LIAT; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.), and Xpert Xpress Flu (Xpert; Cepheid) are rapid, point-of-care molecular assays for Flu virus detection. The study aim was to compare the performances of these three commercially available Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived Flu virus assays. We prospectively enrolled 201 children <18 years old from January to April 2018 and collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens in viral medium. Aliquots were frozen for testing on different diagnostic platforms, as per the manufacturers’ instructions. CDC Flu A/B PCR was used as a reference method to evaluate the performances of these three platforms. Among the 201 specimens tested, the CDC Flu A/B PCR assay detected Flu A/B virus in 107 samples (Flu A virus, 73 samples; Flu B virus, 36 samples; dual Flu A/B virus positive, 2 samples), while the ID Now virus detected 102 samples (Flu A virus, 69 samples; Flu B virus, 37 samples; dual Flu A/B virus positive, 4 samples; invalid rate, 1/201 [0.5%]), the LIAT detected 112 samples (Flu A virus, 74 samples; Flu B virus, 38 samples; invalid rate, 11/201 [5.5%]), and the Xpert assay detected 112 samples (Flu A virus, 76 samples; Flu B virus, 36 samples; invalid rate, 6/201 [3.0%]). The overall sensitivities for the ID Now assay, LIAT, and Xpert assay for Flu A virus detection (93.2%, 100%, and 100%, respectively) and Flu B virus detection (97.2%, 94.4%, and 91.7%, respectively) were comparable. The specificity for Flu A and B virus detection by all methods was >97%. These molecular assays had higher sensitivity than did a historical standard-of-care test from the BD Veritor antigen test (Flu A virus, 79.5%; Flu B virus, 66.7%).
Approach‐oriented coping strategy level may be related to volume of the whole hippocampus in the elderly

Stress‐related disorders and severe stress exposure can cause atrophy of the whole hippocampus and its subfields. However, the impact of stress coping strategies on the hippocampus remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine the relation between approach‐ and avoidance‐oriented coping strategies and hippocampal volume in elderly persons.
Neurourology and Urodynamics

Funding information National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Grant/Award Number: MAPP Research Network grant (U01 DK082370); Department of Defense, Grant/Award Number: 12472328 Abstract Objective: The underlying mechanism of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is not well understood and evaluation of current therapeutic interventions has not identified any generally effective treatments. Physical activity has shown beneficial effects on individuals suffering from chronic pain. Anxiety‐prone rats exposed to water avoidance stress (WAS) develop urinary frequency and lower bladder sensory thresholds with high face and construct validity for the study of IC/BPS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of chronic voluntary exercise on urinary frequency, voiding function, and hyperalgesia in animals exposed to WAS. Materials and Methods: Twenty‐six female Wistar‐Kyoto rats were exposed to WAS and thereafter randomized to either voluntary exercise for 3 weeks or sedentary groups. Voiding parameters were assessed at baseline, post‐WAS, and weekly for 3 weeks. Before euthanasia, the animals underwent cystometrogram (CMG), external urinary sphincter electromyography, and assessment of visceromotor response (VMR) to isotonic bladder distension (IBD). Results: WAS exposure resulted in adverse changes in voiding parameters. Compared with sedentary animals, animals in the voluntary exercise group had improved voiding parameters during metabolic cage and CMG testing, as well as improved bladder sensory thresholds as determined by VMR during IBD. Conclusion: Voluntary exercise in an animal model of chronic stress leads to improvement in voiding function and visceral bladder hyperalgesia.
Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Seizure Frequency and Epileptiform Discharges in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Meta-Analysis

Background and Purpose The role of low-frequency repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) has been conflicting and inconclusive in previous clinical trials. This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of rTMS on seizure frequency and epileptiform discharges in DRE. Methods A standard meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42018088544). After performing a comprehensive literature search using specific keywords in MEDLINE, the Cochrane database, and the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP), reviewers assessed the eligibility and extracted data from seven relevant clinical trials. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in the selection, analysis, and reporting of findings. A random-effects model was used to estimate the effect size as the mean difference in seizure frequency and interictal epileptiform discharges between the groups. Quality assessment was performed using a risk-of-bias assessment tool, and a meta-regression was used to identify the variables that probably influenced the effect size. Results The random-effects model analysis revealed a pooled effect size of −5.96 (95% CI= −8.98 to −2.94), significantly favoring rTMS stimulation (p=0.0001) over the control group with regard to seizure frequency. The overall effect size for interictal epileptiform discharges also significantly favored rTMS stimulation (p<0.0001), with an overall effect size of −9.36 (95% CI=−13.24 to −5.47). In the meta-regression, the seizure frequency worsened by 2.00±0.98 (mean±SD, p=0.042) for each week-long lengthening of the posttreatment follow-up period, suggesting that rTMS exerts only a short-term effect. Conclusions This meta-analysis shows that rTMS exerts a significant beneficial effect on DRE by reducing both the seizure frequency and interictal epileptiform discharges. However, the meta-regression revealed only an ephemeral effect of rTMS.
Calmodulin-Mediated Regulation of Gap Junction Channels

Evidence that neighboring cells uncouple from each other as one dies surfaced in the late 19th century, but it took almost a century for scientists to start understanding the uncoupling mechanism (chemical gating). The role of cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+i) in cell–cell channel gating was first reported in the mid-sixties. In these studies, only micromolar [Ca2+]i were believed to affect gating—concentrations reachable only in cell death, which would discard Ca2+i as a fine modulator of cell coupling. More recently, however, numerous researchers, including us, have reported the effectiveness of nanomolar [Ca2+]i. Since connexins do not have high-affinity calcium sites, the effectiveness of nanomolar [Ca2+]i suggests the role of Ca-modulated proteins, with calmodulin (CaM) being most obvious. Indeed, in 1981 we first reported that a CaM-inhibitor prevents chemical gating. Since then, the CaM role in gating has been confirmed by studies that tested it with a variety of approaches such as treatments with CaM-inhibitors, inhibition of CaM expression, expression of CaM mutants, immunofluorescent co-localization of CaM and gap junctions, and binding of CaM to peptides mimicking connexin domains identified as CaM targets. Our gating model envisions Ca2+-CaM to directly gate the channels by acting as a plug (“Cork” gating model), and probably also by affecting connexin conformation.
Definitions and criteria for diabetic foot disease

Multiple disciplines are involved in the management of diabetic foot disease, and a common vocabulary is essential for clear communication. Based on the systematic reviews of the literature that form the basis of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) Guidelines, the IWGDF has developed a set of definitions and criteria for diabetic foot disease. This document describes these definitions and criteria. We suggest these definitions be used consistently in both clinical practice and research to facilitate clear communication between professionals.
Translation and Validation of Kannada Version of the Dysphagia Handicap Index.

Background The Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) is a 25-item questionnaire that assesses the quality of life among individuals with dysphagia. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Kannada version of DHI (DHI-K). Method Eighty-eight individuals with dysphagia and an equal number of healthy individuals filled out the DHI-K. Internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility were used for reliability testing. Validity was established by comparing DHI-K scores of patients with dysphagia and healthy controls. Results The overall Cronbach's α for DHI-K was . 81, indicating good internal consistency. Cohen's κ agreement for test-retest reliability of self-perceived severity was found to be . 9. Correlation between subscales of DHI and self-perceived severity was analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficient and was found to very high. The control group has significantly lower scores for all scales when compared to the dysphagia group (physical: t(174) = 31.74, p < . 001; functional: t(174) = 32.65, p < . 001; emotional: t(174) = 36.3, p < . 001; total: t(174) = 34.08, p < . 001). Conclusions This study demonstrates that DHI-K has good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity. The results of the study also reveal that it is a reliable and valid tool for assessment of handicap in Kannada-speaking dysphagia population.
Kambin's triangle and the position of the dorsal nerve root in the lumbar neural foramen

As a result of the increased utilization of neurosurgical arthroscopic techniques, investigations into population and sex‐specific trends of anatomical considerations have become increasingly important. This study aimed to investigate and describe aspects of the neuroanatomical morphometry of lumbar spines in a cadaveric and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sample.
Chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life in frail elders after new complete dentures insertion: A paired controlled clinical trial.

AIMS To compare the effect of new complete dentures (CDs) on self-perceived masticatory ability (MA) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in frail and nonfrail elders. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty completely edentulous elders were assigned to two groups: frail and nonfrail (n = 10/each). MA was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. OHRQoL was assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-Edent). Variables were evaluated with volunteers wearing their old and unsatisfactory CDs. Then, a new set of CDs was manufactured and all outcomes were reassessed 2 months after the insertion. Data were analyzed by repeated measures' analyses of variance and Tukey tests. MA for lettuce and peanuts was improved (P < .05) for the frail group after new CD insertion. Psychological discomfort and handicap OHIP-Edent domain improved (P < .05) for both groups after prosthetic treatment. Before treatment, controls reported greater psychological discomfort than the frail group. Meanwhile, the handicap domain score of frail patients improved to a level similar to that of the nonfrail group after treatment. Regardless of frailty, elders showed better MA scores for most food types after treatment and decreased OHIP-Edent domain values. CONCLUSION Self-reported MA and OHRQoL of frail elderly people were greatly improved after new CD use.
Kinematic Analysis of Combined Suture-Button and Suture Anchor Augment Constructs for Ankle Syndesmosis Injuries

Background: Syndesmosis injuries are common, with up to 25% of all ankle injuries being reported to involve an associated syndesmosis injury. These injuries are typically treated with cortical screw fixation or suture-button implants when indicated, but the addition of a suture anchor augment implant has yet to be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of a suture anchor augment to add sagittal plane translational and transverse plane rotational constraint to suture-button constructs with syndesmosis injuries. We hypothesized that the suture anchor augment oriented in parallel with the fibers of an injured anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) in addition to a suture-button construct would achieve physiological motion and stability at the syndesmosis through increased rotational and translational constraint of the fibula. Methods: Eleven fresh-frozen cadaver ankles were stressed in external rotation using a custom-made ankle rig. Each ankle had simultaneous recording of ultrasound video, 6 degrees-of-freedom kinematics of the fibula and tibia, and torque as the ankle was stressed by an examiner. The ankles were tested in 6 different states: native uninjured; injured with interosseous ligament and AITFL sectioned; 1× suture button; 2× suture buttons, divergent; 1× suture anchor augment with 2× suture buttons, divergent; and 1× suture anchor augment with 1× suture buttons. Results: Only the suture anchor augment + 2× suture buttons and suture anchor augment + 1× suture-button constructs were found to be significantly different from the injured state (P = .0003, P = .002) with mean external rotation of the fibula. Conclusion: Overall, the most important finding of this study was that the addition of a suture anchor augment to suture-button constructs provided a mechanism to increase external rotational constraint of the fibula. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a mechanistic understanding of how the combined suture-button and suture anchor augment construct provides an anatomically similar reconstruction of constraints found in the native ankle. However, none of the constructs examined in this study were able to fully restore physiologic motion.