Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histomorphometric Analysis of the Postnatal Development and Growth of Rat Submandibular Glands in Offsprings of Diabetic Mothers

Background: Disturbances of the in utero environment may program for disease in later life. Exposure to a diabetic environment in utero is associated with a high risk of obesity and glucose intolerance. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine whether diabetes during pregnancy can adversely affect the development and growth of submandibular salivary gland in the offspring. Methods Sixteen adult female rats were divided into two equal groups. Diabetes was induced in one group by alloxan and the other group was control. Both groups become pregnant by mating with four adult male rats. Submandibular salivary glands of 2 & 6 weeks old male offsprings from the two groups were examined by light microscope and morphometric analysis. Results: The submandibular glands of the offsprings of diabetic mothers revealed remarkable changes in serous acini and duct system throughout the experimental periods compared to the offspring of the control group. There was a significant increase in the total surface area of acini and ducts of the rat submandibular gland during the two and six weeks of postnatal life in comparison to the corresponding values of the control group. Conclusion: Maternal hyperglycemia revealed histomorphological changes in submandibular glands during postnatal period and hence maternal diabetes can be considered a very important risk factor to the development and growth of submandibular glands. [Zoba H. Ali and Rabab Mubarak. Histomorphometric Analysis of the Postnatal Development and Growth of Rat Submandibular Glands in Offsprings of Diabetic Mothers] Journal of American Science 2012; 8(1):342-349]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org. 50
ASSESSMENT OF COPPER AND ZINC IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) class of diseases known as heart and circulatory disease. This study was carried out to assess the serum levels of copper and zinc in CVD patients Determination of trace element concentration were carried out on 40 patient with CVD and 40 healthy controls serum copper and zinc were measured by using Atomic Absorption Electro photometer. The mean serum zinc and copper levels in patients with CVD were significantly lower than control groups with P-value (0.000). In contrast the mean levels of ratio Cu\Zn was insignificantly difference in CVD patients, compared to control group (p-value 0.103) [table 3.3] The result of person correlation observed there were no correlation between copper and zinc with duration of disease and age. Low copper could lead to decreased activities of some copper-dependent enzyme. Copper depletion have revealed abnormalities of lipid metabolism, blood pressure control and electrocardiogram plus impaired glucose tolerance. Low zinc effect in immune system and protein synthesis, and lead to abnormal cell growth.
Molecular analysis of Virulence of field isolates of Salmonella typhimurium isolated from poultry in Tarai region (Uttarakhand State) of India

Virulence is defined as the relative capacity of microbes to cause damage in host. Virulence is dependent on different independent variables that includes the microbial aggressiveness, invasiveness, infectivity, toxigenecity and communicability (Lipsitch and Moxon, 1997). Many of the pathogens virulence exclusively depend on single most critical virulent factor. In case of Salmonella typhimurium invasion of gastrointestinal mucosa is an essential and crucial step for pathogenesis and strains unable to invade animal cells are avirulent (Giannella et al., 1973).
Nurses’ Perception on Patient Safety in Hospital Setting

Patient Safety is a priority for health services in all countries. Patient Safety refers to reduce the error, prevent the patient fall, developing the knowledge about error that means prevention of harm by nursing care. Nurses’ are the heart of the medical services to improve patient safety through prevention of nursing errors.The aim of this study is to identify the level of nurses’ perception on patient safety. The descriptive correlational design was used to explore the nurses’ perception on patient safety in hospital setting. Simple random sampling was used and sample size was 163. Data was collected by a self-structured questionnaire during January 11, to February 28, 2018 at Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The result showed that average age of the participants was 31.57 years old and the average score of perception on patient safety was moderate (2.80±0.46). There were statistically significant relationships between nurses’ perception on patient safety with gender (t=2.14, p=.036), and working ward (F=5.95, p=.000). Based on the results of this study, it is indicated that lack of perception on patient safety among nurses’ is moderate level. So hospital should provide in-service training for female nurses’ and all departments are equally. The syllabus in Bangladesh nursing curriculum should be reviewed and added comprehensive program regarding patient safety. Predictive study of factors related to nurses’ perception on patient safety is recommended for future study. These findings suggest that increase nurses’ perception level on patient safety and improve the quality of patients’ life.
Studies on Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria from Southern Indian Tea Soils

Potassium (K) is a macronutrient in plants and also a major constituent of several soil minerals. It plays an important role in plant tolerance to various stress conditions such as cold, hot temperature, drought, pest and disease problems. Besides, it acts as catalyst for many of the enzymatic processes in plants that are necessary for plant growth. It has been reported that most of the K forms are insoluble in nature and has to be converted into soluble forms during plant growth by microbial consortia (Han and Lee, 2006). K is instrumental in plant metabolism by supplying energy required for metabolic processes (Laxmilal, 2002). Potassium deficiency occurs frequently in plants under stress periods in which yellowing of leaves, stunted growth, heavy flowering, scorching of leaf margins and die-back of the leaf tip could be noticed. Application of K enhances the pest and disease resistance in plants by strengthening of wood, leaf veins and guard cells in stomata and increasing the cuticle thickness in leaves (Chandra and Greep, 2006).
Socio-economic factors influencing farmers’ perception on effectiveness of decentralized agricultural extension information and services delivery in Arumeru District, Tanzania

This study examined socio-economic factors influencing farmers’ perception on the effectiveness of agricultural extension information and service delivery during the D by D policy. A cross-sectional research design was used to collect data from 390 respondents using semi-structured questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed through Binary logistic regression with eleven explanatory variables fitted in the model. The study revealed that, of the eleven socio-economic variables tested only sex and farm size were found to be statistically significant with a beta coefficient of -. 390 and . 11 respectively. Based on sex, this confirms that, female farmers in the study area were less likely than male farmers of perceiving agricultural extension information and service delivery as effective during the implementation of D by D policy. The study findings showed further that, farmers with large farm size were more likely, than did those with small farms, of perceiving the effectiveness of agricultural extension information and service delivery during the implementation of D by D policy size. The two councils should recruit more female extension staff and advice farmers to join cooperative societies so as to enhance effectiveness of the policy.
Neuroprotective role of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb in streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathic pain in Type 2 diabetic rats

Traditional medicines are generally derived from medicinal plants, minerals, and organic sources. Usage of herbal medicine in developing and developed countries has been increased nowadays due to their therapeutic benefits and less side effects. [1] One of the most common diabetic complication is diabetic neuropathic pain that occurs in approximately half of patients with diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy is characterized by progressive degeneration and impaired regenerative ability of peripheral nerve fibers, resulting in the progressive loss of the longest nerve fibers innervating the distal limb. [2] Despite the fact that the availability of modern and herbal medicine increased frequently in treating diabetes, yet the treatment of diabetes complications remains substantial challenge. Many studies revealed that controlled glycemia might reduce the risk of diabetes and diabetic complications, but few studies have reported that even with intensive insulin therapy or with conventional therapy, the incidence of neuropathy increased in patients with diabetes. [3]
Clinical, Biological and Therapeutic Features of a Patient with Acro Dermato Ungual Lacrimal Tooth Syndrome

1 DDS, Resident Fellow in Removable Partial Dentures, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia. 2 DDS, Assistant Professor in Removable Partial Dentures, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia. 3 DDS, Professor in Removable Partial Dentures, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia. International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science (IJDOS) ISSN: 2377-8075
Extended-release tacrolimus tablets for preventing organ transplant rejection

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tacrolimus has been used for prophylaxis of organ rejection since 1994, and has become a mainstay of immunosuppressive therapy. Tacrolimus XR tablets were released in the U.S. in 2015 and offer greater bioavailability and less variability in daily exposure as compared to other available tacrolimus formulations. These pharmacokinetic differences may offer transplant recipients several unique advantages, including potential for more predictable immunosuppression. Areas covered: Tacrolimus XR is discussed in the kidney transplant population, as these present the largest population in which it has been studied and demonstrates the key differences compared to other formulations. Several key studies are analyzed to determine key patients that will benefit from these more predictable kinetics. Additionally, tacrolimus XR may offer benefit for patients experiencing neurotoxicity. Here we review the potential mechanisms for this adverse effect, as well as available literature regarding management of neurotoxicity with tacrolimus XR. Expert opinion: Tacrolimus XR offers a significant advantage to transplant recipients due to its increased bioavailability and slower absorption, which leads to less concentration variability over a dosing interval. Several key populations, including black patients, older patients, non-adherent patients, and those with tremor may see benefits. Further research is necessary to better understand the role that Tacrolimus XR will fill in transplantation.
Changes of Tear Function Tests in Patients with Hashimoto Disease

Autoimmune attack in which antibodies directed against components of the thyroid gland leads to autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD). ATD, include both Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s disease (HD) [1,2]. The prevalence of HD in the society from 0.9 to 2%, without any distinction of race, and it is almost 4 times more frequent in women than men [3-5]. ATD is the most common inflammatory illness of the thyroid and HD is the most common type of ATD [6,7].
Haematology and Serum Biochemical Characteristics of California White Rabbits Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Protein

-A ninety-day feeding trial involving thirty (30) California white breed weaner rabbits was conducted to assess the haematology and serum biochemical profile of the rabbits fed varying levels of dietary protein (DP). The ages of rabbits ranged from 6-8 weeks with an average initial body weight of 1kg±4. Rabbits were randomly assigned to three dietary protein (DP) treatments; 13%, 18% and 14% (control diet) in a completely randomized design. The rabbits were served experimental diets daily while clean drinking water was provided ad-libitum. Standard management practices were strictly adhered to. Blood samples were collected forthnightly through ear vein of the individual rabbits (2mls each) for haematology and serum biochemical assay. Results from haematology and serum biochemical profile indicates that red blood cell and pack cell volume differed significantly (p<0.05) between treatment groups of 13% DP and 18% DP compared to the control group. The results therefore, suggest that protein level in the diet of rabbits at 18% supports high synthesis of both red blood cell and pack cell volume. Similarly, increase in total protein level noticed with rabbits fed 18% dietary protein, confirms the availability of protein in the diet. The cholesterol level of rabbits fed 13% dietary protein as significantly (p<0.05) higher than those on 18%, DP. In conclusion, diets formulated at 13% and18% crude protein levels had no effect on the assessed haematological and serum biochemical parameters, and obtained values were within normal documented ranges, that supports the normal physiological status of California white rabbits or its crosses.
Developing immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.

The goal of this thesis was to develop potent tumour cell vaccines that can be used as an effective strategy for cancer treatment. Allogeneic tumour cell vaccines hold great promise for cancer treatment. Cytokine modification has been proven effective in enhancing the immunogenicity of tumour cell vaccines. This work here shows that modification of the allogeneic K1735 cells to express the immunostimulatory cytokines GM-CSF, IL-12 or IFN-ɣ, however, was not effective in augmenting the immunogenicity of the vaccine and irradiated cytokine-modified vaccines could not protect animals from autologous tumour challenge. These data are in agreement with recent literature. Similar results were obtained when K1735 cells were modified to express heat shock proteins. Analysis of the injection site of irradiated K1735 vaccine cells demonstrated that clearance of the K1735 cells from the injection site correlated well with the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and infiltration by non-specific effector cells such as NK cells. FMG-induced fusion was next investigated as a novel and effective way of releasing tumour antigens from allogeneic vaccine cells in an immunostimulatory fashion. Expression of the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G glycoprotein by K1735 or B16 cells lead to the formation of extensive syncytia in vitro. Vaccination of mice with irradiated 2-day fusing allogeneic K1735 or syngeneic B16 cells showed no significant therapeutic benefit relative to irradiated unfused cells. Interestingly, vaccination of mice with a hybrid K1735/B16 fusing vaccine repeatedly lead to significant protective and therapeutic immunity against a B16 challenge. Overall, VSV-G mediated syncitial death was shown to be a highly immunogenic event that promotes the induction of potent specific antitumour immunity in the context of allogeneic vaccines. The mechanism of immunogenicity of fusing hybrid vaccines was investigated. Generation of long-term human allogeneic fusing tumour cell vaccines for translation of this work into clinical application was next investigated. A human melanoma cell line stably transduced with the gene for a hyperfusogenic form of the Gibbon ape leukemia virus FMG gene was generated. The Tet-On system of transcriptional control was employed to control gene expression and thus GALV-mediated fusion. Very high levels of fusion could be obtained following the addition of doxocycline in culture. This cell line could form the basis of human melanoma fusing vaccine.
Effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foneumgraecium) seeds flour on amino acids profile, physical and organoleptic properties of Sudanese wheat bread

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fenugreek seeds )raw (R.F) and germinated (G.F) ) flour at 2%, 4% and 6% levels on amino acids profile ,physical and organoleptic properties of the supplemented wheat flour bread ( loaf and baladi ) . Design/methodology/approach Fenugreek seeds obtained from the local market were carefully cleaned, germination and a sample was milled into fine powder. Sudanese wheat grains obtained from the Agricultural Research Corporation (Wad Madani) were milled into white flour (72% extraction rate). The wheat flour was supplemented with 2%, 4% and 6% fenugreek flour (raw and germinated). Doughs from the flour mixes flour water absorption used according to farinograph results and fermented to produce two types of breads ( loaf and baladi). The amino acids profile, physical and sensory attributes were determined in the control and supplemented breads. Findings –The results indicated that the increasing the fenugreek flour level increased the amino acids content. Lysine in loaf and baladi breads ranged from 93.03 to 187.93 and from 92.16 to 184.24 mg/100 g respectively while control was 60.79 and 60.22 mg/100 g, respectively. Threonine ranged from 107.12 to 140.40 and from104.7 to 137.32 mg/100 g respectively while control was 91.43 and 89.36 mg/100 g, respectively. Specific volume of loaf bread was 3.74 and 4.53 cc/g for2% R.F and G.F respectively while control gained 4.32cc/g. Bread thickness of baladi bread showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) between control , (2,4,6 %) R.F and 6% G.F. The highest score for taste in loaf and baladi bread was gained by control (7.6 and 7.7) respectively followed by 2% R.F and G.F (6.4 and 6.9) respectively. On the other hand texture in baladi bread showed no significant difference (P≤0.05) between control and 2% R.F while the control gained highest reading in the loaf bread. Originality/value It can be concluded that substitution of 2% fenugreek flour (raw and germinated) into wheat flour gave bread with the best overall quality acceptance. While higher fenugreek flour level gave bread with higher lysine and threonine flour content.
A Survey on Recommender System

: This work proposes a literature survey on Recommender systems which are applied in a variety of applications like movies, music, research articles, social tags and restaurants etc. as these systems have become extremely common in recent years. Providing the good recommendations to the customer based on their usage patterns is the major focus of every recommendation system’s study. Prior research has reported that desired property of recommendation algorithm is the stability and has important implications on user’s trust and acceptance of recommendation. Two scalable , general purpose meta algorithmic approaches can be used in conjunction with different traditional recommendation algorithms to improve their stability are introduced in[1]. Recommendations based on user’s usage patterns would also be the another interesting direction in research of recommendation system’s algorithm.
Pathological changes and description of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) spiralis Baylis from the freshwater fish, Parachanna

Objective: To report the morphological details of the two species of Procamallanus with scanning electron microscopy. Methods: To gain insights into the phenology of Procamallanus spp. , scanning electron microscopy descriptions of male and female parasites along with attendant histopathological consequences to the hosts species were undertaken. The two species were obtained from the intestines of the freshwater fish, Parachanna obscura. Parasites were fixed in 2.5% glutaldehyde and postfixed in osmium tetraoxide, sputter-coated and examined with the electron microscope. Results: Nominal parasitic species of Procamallanus could be distinguished with spiral thickenings in front of the buccal capsule. The male specimens of the parasite (n = 213) were recorded in a prevalence of 12.7% while the female specimens (n = 68) were recorded in a prevalence of 20.5%. An overall prevalence of 14.6% was obtained in the fish species. The two Procamallanus species differed from the described species of the genus Procamallanus (Spiracamallanus) with having the posterior end not ventrally bent, tail not short but elongate and straight bending slightly with no spikes, inner depression at the posterior region, excretory pore near the posterior end, wider cephalic region with an inner sieve-like compartment, longitudinal cephalic papillae, papillae of external circles distinctly larger and lateral cuticular extensions. These male and female species of Procamallanus exhibited novel morphometrics descriptions in the number of preanal and postanal papillae and different body and shape relationship. The histopathological changes seen in the host included hyperplasia of intestinal villi, mucosal hypercellularity of lamina propria and calcification of intestinal mucosa. Conclusions: This is the first scanning electron microscopy description of Procamallanus spp. in Nigeria describing the morphological details of the two species of Procamallanus. Article history: Received 17 Jul 2016 Received in revised form 6 Aug, 2nd revised form 14 Aug, 3rd revised form 30 Aug 2016 Accepted 4 Sep 2016 Available online 8 Sep 2016
CLINICAL CASE BILATERAL ACETABULAR FRACTURE - TWO CASES REPORT

Bilateral acetabular fractures are a challenge even for experienced orthopedic surgeons . We show the case of two patients who had an isolated acetabular bilateral fracture, following a severe trauma caused by a traffic accident, and who were treated in our department. The treatment strategy is planned by a team of surgeons. After adequate preoperative preparation and use of a surgical treatment by postero-lateral Moore and Kocher-Langenbeck approach with internal fixation, our clinical and radiological results were very satisfying.
Estimation of prostate specific antigen in metabolic syndrome- a study in south Indian male population

Introduction: The main aim of our study was to assess the role of prostate specific antigen in Indian males and to determine its correlation with insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: For this study, 62 male subjects of 40-65 years having metabolic syndrome were selected. Body mass index, fasting blood sugar, serum prostate specific antigen, serum fasting insulin and insulin resistance were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis and Annova test. Results and Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between body mass index and prostate specific antigen, body mass index and insulin resistance, prostate specific antigen and triglyceride, prostate specific antigen and high density lipoprotein, and prostate specific antigen and fasting blood sugar.