Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Compliments and Compliment Responses among Young Saudis

There is a lack of awareness of the use of compliments and compliment responses in the Saudi Arabian context. This research investigates, from a sociolinguistic perspective, the speech acts of compliments and compliment responses as realized by eighty Saudi students who study English as a Foreign Language (EFL). It aims to identify the semantic and structural formulas used by the participants to express compliments and to respond to compliments. The study also examines the roles of the topic of conversation and the participants’ first language in the realisation of compliments. Furthermore, the study investigates gender differences with regard to the use of compliments and compliment responses. A discourse completion test (DCT) consisting of twelve situations was used to collect data from the participants. The analysis of the responses found that the dominant form of compliments used was unbound semantic formulas that were not influenced by the social relationship between the participants. Topics that are socially delicate result in the use of more implicit compliments than explicit compliments. The religious norms require politeness in the interactions between people, and this is reflected in the prevalence of implicit compliments. There is a wide range of compliments used with no fixed pattern of usage. Compliments tend to be given using adjectives rather than verbs. Gender did not appear to affect the nature of usage of compliments and responses. The research suggests that the cultural influences of the English language and western culture may be influencing how young Saudis use compliments.
On Becoming a "Transfer Institution": Research on a Community College that Supports Diverse Black Students in their Transfer Aspirations

Dr. Bruk T. Berhane received his bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland in 2003, after which he was hired by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) where he worked on nanotechnology. In 2005 he left JHU/APL for a fellowship with the National Academies where he conducted research on methods of increasing the number of women in engineering. After a brief stint teaching mathematics in Baltimore City following his departure from the National Academies, he began working for the Center for Minorities in Science and Engineering (CMSE) in the Clark School of Engineering at the University of Maryland. In 2011, he began working directly under the Office of the Dean in the Clark School. Currently, he serves the college as Director of the Office of Undergraduate Recruitment and Scholarship Programs. His current duties entail working with prospective freshmen and transfer students. Since assuming his duties, he has helped to increase the enrollment of freshmen underrepresented students of color to 17%. New freshmen women admitted to the Clark School have also increased during his tenure from 27% in 2012 to 37% in 2016. Bruk completed a master’s degree in engineering management at George Washington University in 2007. In 2016, he earned a Ph.D. in the Minority and Urban Education Unit of the College of Education at the University of Maryland. His research focuses factors that facilitate transfer among Black engineering community college students.
Effect of Backward-Walking on the Static Balance Ability and Gait of the Aged People

目的:研究老年人背向行走训练对其平衡能力及步态控制能力的影响. 方法:30名健康老年女性分为实验组(18人)和对照组(12人),实验组受试者进行为期12周、每周3次、每次40分钟、训练强度控制在心率110～120次/分之间的背向行走训练. 运用红外自动示踪运动分析系统(Motion.Analysis)、测力台(Kistler Force Plate)、DJ2L-Ⅱ型电子单脚站立测试仪对受试者实验前后静态平衡能力、正常行走的步态特征进行了测量. 结果:(1)实验组训练后左、右侧单脚站立时间较训练前显著延长(P<0.05),较之对照组也明显延长;静态闭目站立时前后方向上的身体压力中心波动,实验组较之训练前和对照组均显著减小(P<0.05). (2)步态运动学测试:实验组训练后躯干最大扭转幅度明显增大(P<0.05)、躯干左右晃动幅度明显减小(P<0.05);各项指标组间比较均未表现出统计学差异. 实验组正常行走时摆动腿抬膝高度、脚前部离地高度均显著提高(P<0.05);组间比较,实验组左侧抬膝高度较对照组显著增加(P<0.05). (3)步态动力学测试:实验组训练后正常行走缓冲时相的最大地面约束力明显降低、蹬伸时相的最大地面约束力显著增加(P<0.05),最大制动力与推进力较实验前也显著增加(P<0.05). 对照组的两次测试无明显变化,组间比较各项动力学指标未表现出统计学差异. 结论:背向行走训练能够提高老年人的静态平衡与运动控制能力,提高老年人行走中的下肢蹬伸力量及缓冲控制能力,改善双侧步长的均衡性.
CT-guided Percutaneous Ethanol Injection Combined with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization in Treatment of Massive Liver Cancers

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of CT-guided percutanious ethanol injection(PEI) combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) on moderate and advanced massive liver cancers.Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with moderate and advanced massive liver cancers receiving CT-guided PEI with TACE were analyzed retrospectively.CT and clinical laboratory underwent 1~3 month after TACE+PEI treatment.The follow-up lasted six months~ 1 year.Results The treatment response rate was 62.5%(15/24)in 24 patients,six-month and 1-year survivals were 83.3%(20/24),58.3%(14/24),respectively.Conclusion PEI with TACE,a better treatment of moderate and advanced massive liver cancers and an ideal choice for those who have poor efficacy using TACE,is of great clinical application value.
Whole person care, patient-centred care and clinical practice guidelines in general practice

ABSTRACT Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are a central technique within the evidence-based medicine (EBM) movement. General practice is an area of medicine that seems to be particularly resistant to the use of CPGs. This article contributes to the debates about GPs and CPGs by reflecting on three different Australian studies conducted by the authors in an attempt to better understand variations between GPs’ practices and the recommendations found in relevant CPGs. These projects focused on dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension (high blood pressure). A common finding across the three studies was that GPs described how their focus on the whole person and their patients’ priorities and needs meant that the recommendations found in CPGs were not always appropriate or easy to apply. In doing this, our study participants were describing tensions between the holistic/whole person and patient-centred approach of GPs and the narrow disease-specific focus of guidelines. Our work provides insight into the rationality of GPs and illustrates some of the ways that whole person care and patient-centred care create operational challenges to the application of EBM in the form of CPGs.
Trends of solar radiation, cloudiness and atmospheric transparency during recent decades in Estonia

Data obtained during 1955–1986 at the Toravere Actinometric Station (Estonia, USSR) are used to study the long-term variations of the direct ( S ′) and global solar radiation ( Q ) at the earth's surface. During these years, a certain decreasing trend was observed both in S ' and in Q (Δ S ′=– 13%, Δ Q =– 6.8%). The results from Toravere are compared with the data on global radiation acquired in 1964–1986 at 9 different actinometric stations in northern Europe (8) and western Siberia (1). Decreasing trends have been observed in Helsinki and Stockholm (Δ Q = − 11%), and also in Kaunas (Δ Q = − 12%) in the same period. The variations of the cloudiness regime and atmospheric transparency as the main reasons for the decrease of radiation are discussed. According to the measurement data from Toravere, the mean annual amount of low clouds increased by 11%, whereas the value of the Bouguer atmospheric transparency coefficient decreased by 3.7%. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1990. t01-1-00006.x
Are you what you have? The role of motivation and cultural value congruency on the mere ownership effect

Are You What You Have? The Role of Motivation and Cultural Value Congruency on the Mere Ownership Effect by CHAN Pik Ying Master of Philosophy Previous research on mere ownership effect has shown that merely possessing an object results in enhanced evaluation of that object (Beggan, 1992), when compared with unowned (Belk, 1988; Dittmar, 1992; Prelinger, 1959) or others-owned object (Nesselroade et al., 1999). Since people see their possessions as an extension of their self-identities (Belk, 1988), it is suggested that making self-enhancing judgments about possessions would satisfy owners' desires to maintain positive self-image. Extending the traditional mere ownership effect, this thesis examined whether people perceive having endowed the positive features of the product upon acquiring its ownership prior to its actual use, using essential oil products as stimuli objects. It is hypothesized that the proposed mere ownership effect would occur only when participants are motivated to self-enhance; and when the functional value of the owned object is congruent to the participants’ own cultural value. A cross-cultural experiment was conducted in the United States and Hong Kong, with 93 American students and 99 Hong Kong students. Participants in both cultural groups were presented an essential oil product which was claimed to have a therapeutic function of enhancing one’s holistic mode of thinking. Given that holistic thinking ability is valued in Asian culture compared to American culture, the oil’s functional value is congruent to the cultural value of the Hong Kong participants relative to the American participants. Results showed that HK participants, who are motivated to enhance their holistic thinking ability, reported higher self-perceived efficacy in holistic thinking once they merely owned the “holistic” essential oils. This self-enhancing tendency did not happen in the American samples whose cultural orientation does not emphasize the importance of holism; and in participants who were not motivated to enhance their holistic thinking ability. The findings have important implications in understanding the circumstances in which this new form of the mere ownership effect might occur.
Gender Differences in the Predictive Validity of a Violence Risk Screening Tool: A Prospective Study in an Acute Psychiatric Ward

ABSTRACT In this one-year prospective, naturalistic study in an acute psychiatric facility, we explored gender differences between 230 men and 284 women regarding the predictive validity of the Violence risk screening-10 (V-RISK-10). Hospital staff recorded violent incidents during hospital stays (range 1–176 days; median: 5.5 days) resulting in 50 men (22%) and 30 women (11%) being recorded for violence. The predictive validity was significant for both genders, with ROC-AUCs of . 79 for males and . 80 for females. Scoring at cut-off or beyond indicated a two-fold increased risk of becoming violent for men and a three-fold risk for women. A lower score indicated a five-fold decrease in risk for both genders. Estimates of explained variance for the prediction model were higher for men. Findings indicate gender differences for risk factors of violence and highlight the need of further research on this issue.
In vitro transfection of manganese superoxide dismutase small interfering rna suppresses stemness of human breast cancer stem cells (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive): Focus on OCT4 mRNA expression and mammosphere-forming capacity

Introduction: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive (ALDH1+) breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small population of tumor cells with high capacity of tumorigenicity and oxidative stress. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is specifically expressed in mitochondria as the primary defense against superoxides, which are one of the causes of oxidative stress in cells. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of suppressing MnSOD expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the stemness, tumorigenicity, and viability of BCSCs. Materials and Methods: In vitro transfection of ALDH1+ BCSCs was performed using 33 and 66 μM specific MnSOD siRNA under standard culture conditions. Total RNA and protein were extracted from the transfected cells using TriPure® Isolation Reagent and RIPA® lysis buffer. Cell viability was measured using a trypan blue exclusion assay. The relative expression of MnSOD and OCT4 mRNAs was analyzed using one-step quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. MnSOD activity was determined by xanthine oxidase inhibition assay (RanSOD® kit). Cellular superoxides were measured using a dihydroethidium assay, and tumorigenicity was observed with mammosphere-forming unit. Results: After siRNA incubation for 48 h, MnSOD was suppressed by 0.176-fold (P < 0.01), MnSOD enzyme-specific activity was reduced 70.4%, cellular superoxide levels increased by 1.13-fold, OCT4 expression was suppressed by 1.98-fold (P < 0.05), and mammosphere-forming unit decreased by 36.5% (P < 0.05) compared with the corresponding negative controls. The viability of the ALDH1+ BCSCs was reduced 75% (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that suppression of MnSOD expression may be a promising target to reduce stemness and tumorigenicity of ALDH1+ BCSCs.
Outcomes and complications of cataract surgery in Indonesia: A multicentric study

Objective: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide and its only treatment is surgery, which is intended to restore the visual function; the expected outcomes are improved visual acuity (VA) and elimination of blindness. Therefore, evaluation of the outcomes of cataract surgery is needed to improve the quality of treatment programs. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 193 postcataract surgery eyes from August 2017 to March 2018 in six hospitals in Indonesia. Convenience sampling was used. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the medical records of pre- and postoperative VA, types of surgery, and complications.Results: Of the 193 eyes, 170 were analyzed. Phacoemulsification, manual small-incision cataract surgery, and extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were performed in 45.3%, 51.2%, and 3.5% of eyes, respectively. Preoperatively, 70% were blind, 8.8% had severe visual impairment (SVI), 17.1% had moderate visual impairment (MVI), and 4.1% were normal. Postoperatively, 78.2% were normal, 15.3% had MVI, 2.4% had SVI, and 4.1% were still blind. There were 93.5% of eyes with visual improvement; the blindness conversion rate was 95%. The overall complication rate was 15.3%, mostly from corneal edema (7.1%), followed by IOL dislocation (1.8%) and endophthalmitis (1.2%). There was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative visual outcome between groups treated with or without phacoemulsification (P = 0.870), but complications from corneal edema were statistically significantly higher with phacoemulsification (P = 0.003). Conclusion: All types of cataract surgery significantly improved VA, but the complication rate was higher with phacoemulsification, mostly from corneal edema.
Learning environment assessment on the pediatric residency program at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia

Background: The learning environment plays an important role in resident education, and the Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM) questionnaire is a tool to assess the student's perception of the learning environment. The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of the learning environment in 2012 and 2017 on the pediatric residency program at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A modified PHEEM questionnaire was distributed in April 2012 and September 2017 to all ongoing pediatric residents. The learning environments (sex, grade, perceptions of autonomy, teaching, and social support) in 2012 and 2017 were analyzed by Mann–Whitney test and Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: There were 32 and 49 participants in 2012 and 2017, respectively. The overall PHEEM score (mean ± standard deviation) was 105.3 ± 19.1 in 2012 and 116.4 ± 12.1 in 2017. The mean scores for perceptions of autonomy, teaching, and social support were 36.3 ± 6.6, 41.0 ± 7.7, and 27.9 ± 5.7, respectively, in 2012, and 41.0 ± 4.7, 44.7 ± 4.4, and 30.7 ± 3.9, respectively, in 2017. In 2012, 21%, 27%, and 18% of items on perceptions of autonomy, teaching, and social support, respectively, rated >3; in 2017, these values were 35%, 53%, and 36%. Conclusion: The perceptions of the learning environment for the pediatric residency program at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta in 2012 and 2017 were rated more positively, but there remains room for improvement. In 2017, there were more perceived difficulties with autonomy and social support.
Analysis on condition of chronic diseases,distribution of disease spectrum and main risk factors of diseases of elderly in Jilin province

Objective To explore the condition of chronic diseases and to clarify the risk factors of hypertension,osteoarthrosis,and heart diseases of the elderly in Jilin province.Methods A total of 21 435adult residents aged18-79years from 32cities,counties,and districts of Jilin province were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method in 2012.4 115residents aged 60-79years were selected to be the subjects.The condition of the chronic diseases was surveyed by questionnaire survey combined with physical examination method.After being weighted according to complex sampling scheme,the sample was used to describe the prevalence rate of the chronic diseases.Multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of the chronic diseases.Results The prevalence rate of chronic diseases among the elderly in Jilin province was 79.5%in the past 1year.The elderly suffered from one kind of chronic disease accounted for 22.7%,and the elderly suffered from two kinds of chronic diseases accounted for 19.8%,and those who suffered from three kinds of or more chronic diseases accounted for 37.0%. The top ten chronic diseases among the elderly were hypertension(33.2%),osteoarthrosis(31.9%),heart diseases(25.1%),digestive system diseases(24.2%),cerebrovascular diseases(16.3%),diabetes mellitus(13.8%),respiratory system diseases(10.6%),diseases of eye and adnexa(9.0%),rheumatism(4.0%),and hyperlipidemia(2.8%). The results of analysis on health-related behavior indicated that there were significant differences between different gender in smoking,drinking,taste,physical exercise,sleep and body mass index(BMI),respectively(P0.05). The Multiple Logistic regression analysis results indicated that gender,exercise,and BMI were main influencing factors of hypertension;gender and income were influencing factors of osteoarthrosis;gender,age,occupation,drink,and BMI were influencing factors of heart diseases.Conclusion Compared with other provinces and areas,the prevalence rate of chronic diseases in Jilin province among the elderly is high.Hypertension,osteoarthrosis,and heart diseases are the top three kinds of diseases among all chronic diseases.The influencing factors of hypertension,osteoarthrosis and heart diseases are gender,age,occupation,income,drinking,exercise,and BMI.
Comparison between direct factor Xa inhibitors and low-molecular-weight heparin for efficacy and safety in the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: A meta-analysis

Aim of the Study: The role of direct-acting oral anticoagulants in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients compared with the current standard of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of direct factor Xa inhibitors compared with those of LMWH in the treatment of cancer-associated VTE. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Web of Science for potential randomized controlled clinical trials and retrospective cohort studies. Data on recurrent VTE (efficacy) and major and minor bleeding events (safety) were extracted, and the odds risks (OR) were analyzed using a random-effect model. Results: A total of nine studies involving 4208 cancer patients with VTE were included in these analyses. Pooled analysis showed that direct factor Xa inhibitors were significantly superior to LMWH in reducing the risk of recurrent VTE (OR = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.82). There was no significant difference in the rate of major bleeding between the direct factor Xa inhibitor and LMWH treatments (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.94–1.65). However, the rate of minor bleeding events was higher when a direct factor Xa inhibitor was used instead of LMWH (OR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.05–3.07). Conclusions: Direct factor Xa inhibitors are superior to LMWH in efficacy in the treatment of VTE in cancer patients, and the safety between the two regimens is comparable except for a slightly higher rate of minor bleeding when the former is used.
IIIB-plus: A new classification recommended for stage IIIB cervical cancer patients with renal impairment

Objective: This study was designed to define the differences between Stage IIIB cervical cancer patients with and without renal impairment (RI), particularly with regard to the pathology results, laboratory values, therapies, and prognoses, in order to justify the need for separate classifications for these two different patient types. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort technique was used to evaluate consecutive Stage IIIB cervical cancer patients from July 2010 to July 2015. The data collected included the age, parity, cancer cell type, pelvic wall involvement, hydronephrosis degree and bilateral involvement, laboratory values (urea, potassium, and creatinine), treatment modalities, 3-month postradiation treatment response, hospital stay duration, and 1-year survival rate. Results: The study patients included 102 Stage IIIB cervical cancer patients with RI and 204 individuals without RI. The results showed significant differences between individuals with and without bilateral pelvic wall involvement (100% vs. 68.1%, respectively), hydronephrosis degree (severe hydronephrosis incidences: 69% vs. 3.9%, respectively), bilateral hydronephrosis (96.5% vs. 6.9%, respectively), median urea level (148 vs. 22 mg/dl, respectively), median creatinine level (8.0 vs. 0.8 mg/dl, respectively), and median potassium level (5.8 vs. 3.9 mEq/L, respectively). The hazard ratio was 3.07 for the survival analysis. Conclusion: Cervical cancer patients with RI are faced with worst prognosis, and their treatment modalities are limited due to their renal comorbidities, resulting in lesser type of therapy modalities (such as chemotherapy procedure prohibition), longer hospital stays, and a lower survival rate. Therefore, a new classification for cervical cancer patients with kidney impairment, named Stage IIIB-plus, should be considered.
Risk factors of dry eye syndrome in the soekarno-hatta airport's air traffic controllers

Objective: The prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) in air traffic controllers (ATCs) was 60.3%, according to one study conducted in 2017. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors of DES in ATCs of Soekarno Hatta International Airport (SHIA). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among ATCs of SHIA who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collected featured several demographic and health characteristics by questionnaire. Participants were classified as DES according to an Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire performed after the participants completed their work. The data were processed and analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression. Results: Variables that were associated with DES were an age of over 30 years (relative risk [RR], 2.04; confidence interval [CI], 1.30–3.19), and length of work over 10 years (RR, 2.00; CI, 1.25–3.20). After adjusting for all significant variables, the dominant risk factor for DES is age over 30 years (P = 0.002; RR, 3.33; CI, 1.58–7.01). Nonsignificant variables included sex, smoking habits, and use of contact lenses. Conclusion: The results suggest that employment conditions for ATCs with a 10-year-plus work history should be studied further to identify preventive measures, with age over 30 years as a dominant factor.