Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Révision du statut taxinomique de Gadiculus argenteus thori Schmidt, 1914 (Gadidae)

Cette etude tente de clarifier le statut taxinomique de Gadiculus argentus thori. Au total, 69 specimens de G. a. argenteus Guichenot, 1850 et 6 specimens de G. a. thori Schmidt, 1914 de longueur totale (LT) comprise entre 52,1 mm et 133,2 mm ont ete examines. D'apres Schmidt (1914) et Svetovidov (1986), le nombre de vertebres, la formule radiaire des nageoires D 3 et A 2 et la proportion entre la distance interorbitaire et la longueur cephalique sont les principaux caracteres qui permettent de separer ces deux petits Gadides. Nous avons utilise 14 donnees morphometriques et 7 donnees meristiques afin d'eclaircir le degre de differenciation entre les trois populations etudiees: G. a. argenteus mediterraneens (Gl, n = 48), G. a. argenteus atlantiques (G2, n = 21 ) et G.a. thori (G3, n = 6). L'analyse discriminante des donnees morphometriques, en utilisant quatre variables liees aux yeux et aux deux nageoires anales, fournit deux fonctions canoniques capables de separer correctement les echantillons de Gl (91,7%) et G2 (70%), mais 50% des specimens de G3 sont confondus avec la population mediterraneenne de G. a. argenteus (G I). En plus, le carre des distances de Mahalanobis montre que les G. a. argenteus atlantiques (G2) ressemblent plus aux G. a. thori (G3) qu'aux specimens mediterraneens de la meme sous-espece (G1). Concernant les donnees meristiques, le test de Kruskal-Wallis indique qu'aucune difference significative n'est notee parmi les trois groupes. En conclusion, et en attendant de futures recherches, toutes ces considerations nous menent a penser qu'il faudrait considerer G. argenteus thori comme synonyme de G. argenteus argenteus.
Summer diets of bison and cattle in southern Utah.

Diets of bison (Bison bison) and cattle @OS taurus) were evrluated in a shrub-steppe plant community in the Henry Mountains, Utah. Bison feces comprised 9! W grasses and sedges and 1% forbs. Cattle feces also were primarily grasses and sedges (95944, but in addition included significantly more forbs (5%) than did bison feces. Bison (Bison bison) were considered in danger of extinction in 1895, when only 800 animals remained of the estimated 30 million present a few decades previous (Dary 1974). The species recovered through intensive management and numbered 30,000 in 1972 (Dary 1974). Increase in bison numbers resulted initially from establishment of herds on state and federal refuges. In recent decades, however, a growing market for bison meat has promoted establishment of many domestic herds. The steady growth in bison numbers, on both public and private lands, has created a need for information on bison diets to determine carrying capacity and to assess possible conflicts for forage between bison and large herbivores already using these ranges, particularly cattle (Bos taunts). Information on bison diets in the shrub-steppe plant communities typical of much of western United States is limited to a description of forage classes consumed (Van Vuren 1982). Moreover, only 3 studies have compared diets of bison and cattle (Peden et al. 1974, Van Vuren 1982, Van Vuren and Bray 1983). The purpose of this study was to evaluate summer diets of bison and cattle in a shrub-steppe community of the Henry Mountains, Utah.
NEUROSECRETORY CELL TYPES AND THEIR SECRETORY ACTIVITY IN THE CRAYFISH

1. There are four cytologically distinct types of neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk and brain of Orconectes virilis. Two of these neurosecretory cell types are restricted in their distribution to the x-organ. The other two cell types occur in all neurosecretory cell groups in the eyestalk and brain except the x-organ.2. The distribution of neurosecretory cell types has been compared with that described by Enami (1951) for Sesarma.3. The Type 2 neurosecretory cells are the only neurosecretory cells that undergo histologically demonstrable changes in secretory activity in relation to the molting cycle. It is suggested, therefore, that the Type 2 neurosecretory cells are the source of the molt-inhibiting hormone.4. Arguments are presented in favor of the view that at some time before molt a decrease occurs in the rate of release of molt-inhibiting hormone from the axon endings of the Type 2 neurosecretory cells. This decrease seems to be correlated with a concurrent accumulation of stainable material obse.
Effects of sib mating on come and seed traits in coastal Douglas-fir

Outcross, half-sib and full-sib, and self matings were made in an Oregon seedling seed orchard in 1987 and 1989. Cone and seed traits other than fertility, but including germination, were almost exclusively under maternal influence. The relations between 3 measures of fertility and inbreeding coefficient (F) were linear or predominantly linear. Our results were very similar to those previously reported by Woods and Heaman (1989), and combining their results with ours gave 40.2, 30.9, 23.2, and 1.15 filled seeds per cone after cross, half-sib, full-sib, and self pollination, respectively. Selfing appeared to reduce seed set more in the orchards than in natural stands. Assuming linear relations between F and fertility and between F and vigor, it was shown that partial selfing between zero and 50% has a greater impact than partial sibbing on seed set; but that partial sibbing, particularly full-sibbing, has the greater impact on population vigor and wood production
Studies of small intestinal and pancreatic function following experimental exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in the dog.

TITLE: STUDIES OF SMALL INTESTINAL AND PANCREATIC FUNCTION FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY IN THE DOG AUTHOR: KENNETH W. SIMPSON The pathogenesis of pancreatic dysfunction and intestinal changes commonly observed in dogs with chronic diarrhoeal disorders is incompletely understood, the present study was therefore undertaken to examine the effects of experimentally induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) on small intestinal and pancreatic function. Four models of EPI were created surgically to assess the effects of EPI on the structure and biochemistry of the jejunal mucosa, the small intestinal bacterial flora, the absorption of cobalamin, folate and xylose, and their reversibility by canine pancreatic secretion or exogenous pancreatic enzymes. The effects of the surgical procedures on pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function were also monitored and a comparison made of two indirect tests of pancreatic function. EPI was followed by an increase in the proportion of microvillar proteins of high molecular weight, a reduction in the specific activities of lactase, catalase and Tris-resistant a-glucosidase, alterations-in bacterial flora, a decrease in cobalamin absorption and an increase in folate absorption. Treatment with pancreatic enzymes, largely reversed the biochemical and bacterial changes but did not reverse structural changes or affect cobalamin and folate absorption. Intraduodenal and oral administration of canine pancreatic secretion (shown to contain cobalamin) partially restored cobalamin absorption. Pancreatic duct ligation was followed by parallel increases in plasma amylase, lipase and trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI). Pancreatectomy reduced circulating TLI but not amylase and lipase. Significant relations between TLI and pancreatic mass, and between TLI and peak plasma PABA were observed. Pancreatic endocrine function was similarly reduced by partial-pancreatectomy and pancreatic duct ligation. These studies confirm that EPI affects intestinal function and suggest that mucosal changes are due to the absence of pancreatic secretion and to an increase in intestinal bacteria. The pancreas may also have an important role in the turnover and absorption of cobalamin. Finally TLI is a precise indicator of exocrine pancreatic function.
An annotated checklist of the Arcella (Arcellidae) from littoral zone of Paranoá lake-Brazil, with a pictorial key

The pictorial key contributes to taxonomic analysis, as it lists the species found in a given environment, and points out the morphological characteristics that differs one specific taxon from the others. Arcellidae Ehrenberg, 1830 is one of the testate amoebae families with highest representativity in terms of richness and abundance, including three genera, that Arcella shows greater dispersion in different types of aquatic biotopes. The zooplankton community in the Paranoa Lake has been extensively studied over the decades. However, there are no studies on testate amoebae in this environment. The study aimed to develop a pictorial key to help in the identification of Arcella in the Paranoa Lake. Samples were taken with plankton net at 13 sites in the littoral zone of the lake. The elaboration of the key was based on morphological characteristics of the shell and pseudostoma of the individuals. There were identified 23 taxa, 16 species and seven subspecies. Two species with low incidence in Brazil were recorded (Arcella catinus and Arcella rota). The species richness was higher than the records published to date in Brazil, thus demonstrating the relevance of the data and the applicability of this pictorial key in other studies both in the Paranoa Lake, as in other regions.
Macrobiotus polonicus , a new species of Tardigrada from Poland (Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae, ‘ hufelandi group’)

A new species of the ‘ Macrobiotus hufelandi group’, Macrobiotus polonicus sp. nov. , is described from Poland. It is very similar to M. persimilis Binda & Pilato, 1972 but differs from it by having two characteristic lateral gibbosities on the hind legs, a narrower buccal tube, more slender claws, less developed lunules of the hind legs with less evident marginal indentations and eggs with fewer processes slightly different in shape.
Feels like home: homing of mature large‐bodied fish following translocation from a power‐station canal

&NA; Fish translocation is a common method of conservation and fisheries enhancement. Monitoring post‐translocation movements and migration provides useful information to inform translocation strategies. Three species of large‐bodied fish (Yellowfin Bream Acanthopagrus australis, Luderick Girella tricuspidata, and Tarwhine Rhabdosargus sarba) impounded in a cooling water canal at a power station were translocated into the adjacent estuary (Lake Macquarie, New South Wales). Translocated fish were tagged with acoustic tags (n = 34) equipped with accelerometer sensors (providing a relative measure of fish activity) and released on either an artificial reef or a natural reef. In addition, 8 free‐ranging Yellowfin Bream were captured and tagged on the artificial reef. Fish were tracked throughout Lake Macquarie on a dispersed array of 18 VemcoVR2W receivers, and on the artificial reef using a VR4‐UWM Vemco Positioning System, for up to 11 months. Yellowfin Bream and Luderick rapidly migrated back to the power station, whereas Tarwhine remained near the release location. Translocated Yellowfin Bream showed divergent behavioural patterns to free‐ranging Yellowfin Bream on the artificial reef, with much higher activity levels, elevated nocturnal activity, and different patterns of habitat usage, possibly reflecting divergent foraging behaviour. This study presents a rare example of non‐natal homing to an artificial habitat in several large‐bodied marine fish species. The role of low frequency sound in the homing of translocated fish, and factors contributing to the observed behavioural patterns are discussed. The presence of a homing signal which can facilitate return migration may decrease the efficacy of translocation efforts for adult marine fishes; however, these responses are species‐specific and will require evaluation on a case‐by‐case basis.
Diversity and ecology of benthic algae in Karagöl Lake, Karagöl-Sahara National Park (Şavşat, Artvin, Turkey)

Benthic algal flora of Karagol Lake, its seasonal variation, and the physical and chemical parameters of the water were studied between October 2008 and September 2010. The algal flora consisted of 112 taxa belonging to the divisions Charophyta (41), Chlorophyta (33), Cyanobacteria (18), Euglenozoa (17), Miozoa (2), and Ochrophyta (1). Six desmid taxa found in this research are new records for the freshwater algal flora of Turkey. The qualitative dominance of benthic taxa typical of slightly alkaline and mesotrophic ecosystems was observed. The qualitative and seasonal variations in epipelic taxa analyzed were dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of the water. Water quality was analyzed on the basis of benthic taxa, which are bioindicators. The physicochemical properties of the water are suitable for the development of a rich algal flora (especially desmids). According to the benthic algal composition and indicator species, it is estimated that Karagol Lake has mesotrophic lake characteristics. This is the first study of benthic algal flora of Karagol Lake and marks a significant contribution to the knowledge of Karagol-Sahara National Park's aquatic biodiversity.
Changes in Spray Retention by Apple Leaves during a Growing Season

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) leaves were sprayed to runoff using a selection of pesticides, and subsequent spray retention was evaluated by weight. Timing, cultivar, leaf surface, and leaf type significantly influenced spray retention. Spray retention correlated significantly and positively with leaf hair density. The importance of these differences is considered in relation to the possible efficiency of the pesticide application process in apple orchards.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTOBACILLUS ISOLATED FROM MILK, CURD AND FECAL SAMPLE AND ASSIGNING THEIR PROBIOTIC VALUES

Probiotics are ‘nonpathogenic’ live microbial, mono or mixed culture preparations, which, when applied to humans or animals in high enough doses, benecitially affect the host by improving the intestinal microbial balance and it’s properties. The most widely used bacteria considered as probiotics are lactobacillus and bifidobacterium. In present study a total of 14 Lactobacillus isolates were isolated from milk, curd and fecal sample of newborn baby. The strains were characterized as Lactobacilli on the bases of their morphological and physiological characteristics. Probiotic properties were examined including tolerance to acid and bile, antibiotic resistance etc. In probiotic properties, these strains were resistant to both acid and bile. Antimicrobial activity of the probiotic Lactobacillus was determined by well diffusion method. It was concluded that out of 14 Lactobacillus strains 5 showed the potential probiotic value.
Effect of CCC, kinetin, NAA and KNO3 on yield and curcumin content of turmeric

Effect of CCC (250 and 500 ppm), kinetin (10 and 20 ppm), KNO 3 (0.5 and 1 %) and NAA (50 and 100 ppm) on yield and curcumin content of turmeric cv. Kasturi Tanaka was examined. Application of all the chemicals influencedthe curing percentage, yield of cured produce and curcumin content significantly. NAA and KNO 3 treated plants had higher curing per cent, yield of cured produce and curcumin content in turmeric compared to that of kinetin treated plants.
Comparative performance of Madras Red sheep under different management systems

An experiment was conducted to study the growth performance of Madras Red ewe lambs under intensive (on elevated slatted floor and mud floor) and semi-intensive systems of management. Madras Red ewe lambs (48) weaned at the age of 3 months were randomly allotted based on the body weight to 6 groups of 8 animals each. Under each system effect of probiotic supplementation on the growth rate was assessed. The difference in body weight of lambs reared under intensive slatted floor and intensive mud floor was significant (P<0.05), whereas the difference between both the intensive groups of slatted and mud floor and semi-intensive system was highly significant (P<0.01). There was a tendency towards greater weight gain in probiotic supplemented groups but the difference was not significant. The difference in average daily gain between the treatment groups was highly significant (P< 0.01). In lambs all the body measurements of lambs, viz. height, body length, heart girth and paunch girth differed significantly (P<0.01) between intensive and semi-intensive system of management.
Quantitative genetics theory for genomic selection and efficiency of breeding value prediction in open-pollinated populations

To date, the quantitative genetics theory for genomic selection has focused mainly on the relationship between marker and additive variances assuming one marker and one quantitative trait locus (QTL). This study extends the quantitative genetics theory to genomic selection in order to prove that prediction of breeding values based on thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) depends on linkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers and QTLs, assuming dominance. We also assessed the efficiency of genomic selection in relation to phenotypic selection, assuming mass selection in an open-pollinated population, all QTLs of lower effect, and reduced sample size, based on simulated data. We show that the average effect of a SNP substitution is proportional to LD measure and to average effect of a gene substitution for each QTL that is in LD with the marker. Weighted (by SNP frequencies) and unweighted breeding value predictors have the same accuracy. Efficiency of genomic selection in relation to phenotypic selection is inversely proportional to heritability. Accuracy of breeding value prediction is not affected by the dominance degree and the method of analysis, however, it is influenced by LD extent and magnitude of additive variance. The increase in the number of markers asymptotically improved accuracy of breeding value prediction. The decrease in the sample size from 500 to 200 did not reduce considerably accuracy of breeding value prediction.
Perceived Impact of Epilepsy and Associated Psychopathology in the Elderly and Research Portfolio

Epilepsy is a comparatively common condition in old age. Not only are the many patients who develop epilepsy early in life living longer, but there is an increased recognition of elderly onset cases. However, this group appears to be under-researched and poorly understood. This is most notable with regards to psychosocial functioning in the elderly with epilepsy. A review is provided of the available literature concerning the medical and psychosocial features of this group. From this review, it is apparent that this population have a number of unique features and it is apparent that standard treatment procedures for adults should not automatically be extrapolated to the elderly. It is concluded that further research is essential.
Comparative Analysis of 16S rRNA Gene Illumina Sequence for Microbial Community Structure in Diverse Unexplored Hot Springs of Odisha, India

ABSTRACT Odisha (East India) is home to several hot springs, of which Atri and Taptapani are the two with variation in temperature and located in the Mahanadi geothermal province having altitude 120 and 1800 ft. , respectively, above sea level. Average temperature of Atri hot spring is as higher as 58 ± 5°C as compared to 48 ± 5°C of Taptapani. In-depth analysis of the microbial diversity of these hot springs through 16S rRNA deep sequencing analysis, targeting V3 region was performed using Illumina bar-coded sequencing platform. Existence of higher microbial diversity in Atri hot spring (1662 OTUs; 2708 species) as compared to Taptapani (1561 Operational Taxonomic Units [OTUs]; 2045 species) is supported by higher value of diversity indices for Atri (6.24, Shannon; 0.95, Simpson) than Taptapani (4.03, Shannon; 0.79, Simpson), probably due to favorable influence of environmental parameters around it. Irrespective of the four databases (GREENGENE, M5RNA, Ribosomal Database Project [RDP], and Small Subunit [SSU] databases) used for understanding community structure, the dominant phyla in the Atri hot spring were different from the predominant populations in the Taptapani in terms of percentage representation in different databases. From Principal Coordinates Analysis [PCoA] analysis, Atri and Taptapani metagenome, on comparison with other three metagenomes, were found to be matching with the community structure of hot springs of Gujarat, India, but differed from that of saline desert. Furthermore, predicted functional analysis in both the hot springs were found to be affiliated with carbohydrate, amino acids, energy, vitamins and cofactor, nucleotide, membrane transport metabolic pathways, and the genes involved in them, although their intensity of occurrence was varying as analyzed through PICRUSt and Tax4Fun probably due to physicochemical parameters prevailing around each hot spring. The present study for the first time has revealed the differential microbial community structure and predicted functional diversity of Atri and Taptapani hot springs of Odisha in such a great detail.
Status on prevalence of Gastrointestinal diseases in laying chicken

Gastrointestinal diseases among commercial laying chicken housed in 100 farms in and around Namakkal district were investigated. Newcastle disease (ND) was confirmed by haemagglutination, haemagglutination inhibition test, immunoperoxidase test and electron microscopy. The C. perfringens causing necrotic enteritis was confirmed based on the morphological, cultural, biochemical, sugar fermentation tests, stormy reaction of milk, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and immunoperoxidase test. Nutritional roup was confirmed by histopathology. Coccidial parasites were identified based on the morphology of different developmental stages and electron microscopy. Candida albicans and helminths were identified based on the morphology. Prevalence, age-wise and season wise occurrence of these diseases were documented and discussed.