Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Repeating Patterns to Explore Functional Thinking

This paper explores ways that teachers can reformulate common mathematical activities in the primary school to provide stronger bridges for thinking algebraically. The focus is not on introducing formal algebraic notation in the primary context, but rather to look at common activities through new lenses, that is, lenses that support the growth of algebraic reasoning. The authors report on some recent classroom teaching that examines repeating patterns and uses children's understandings of repeating patterns to begin to explore concepts related to functional thinking.
Dynamics of human DNA topoisomerases II (cid:2) and II (cid:3) in living cells

NA topoisomerase (topo) II catalyses topological genomic changes essential for many DNA metabolic processes. It is also regarded as a structural component of the nuclear matrix in interphase and the mitotic chromosome scaffold. Mammals have two isoforms ( (cid:2) and (cid:3) ) with similar properties in vitro . Here, we investigated their properties in living and proliferating cells, stably expressing bioﬂuorescent chimera of the human isozymes. Topo II (cid:2) and II (cid:3) behaved similarly in interphase but differently in mitosis, where only topo II (cid:2) was chromosome associated to a major part. During interphase, both isozymes joined in nucleolar reassembly and accumulated in nucleoli, which seemed not to involve catalytic DNA turnover because treatment with teniposide (stabilizing covalent catalytic DNA intermediates of topo II) relocated the bulk of the enzymes from the nucleoli to nucleoplasmic granules. Photobleaching revealed that the entire complement of both isozymes was completely mobile and free to exchange between nuclear subcompartments in interphase. In chromosomes, topo II (cid:2) was also completely mobile and had a uniform distribution. However, hypotonic cell lysis triggered an axial pattern. These observations suggest that topo II is not an immobile, structural component of the chromosomal scaffold or the interphase karyoskeleton, but rather a dynamic interaction partner of such structures.
CORRELATES OF ABORTION IN MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP: A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

Introduction: Despite a liberal abortion law in India; out of 5.7 million induced abortions every year only 10% are conducted under safe condition and standards or both. The present study is an attempt to assess the women knowledge about various aspects of abortion and to study correlates of abortion in them. Methodology : The present cross sectional study was carried at Urban Health Training Centre (UHTC), Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India. All the females of reproductive age group who presented to the OPD for various complaints during the study period (February-April 2016) were included in the study. Data collected was done using pre tested semi structured questionnaire. SPSS version 22 was used for analysis and chi square test was used as a test of significance. Results: Out of total 423 participants, 41.8% females were aware that abortion is legal in India. 56.8% participants knew that women have right to abortion. 85.1% of respondents had not heard about MTP (Medical Termination of Pregnancy) act. 81 (19.1%) females had a history of abortion. 30(37%) participants reported spontaneous abortion while 51 (63 %) had induced abortion. The most common reasons cited by respondents for induced abortion was conceived too early after marriage (33.3%) followed by abortion for spacing between children (27.5%). Conclusion: This study indicates that women have poor knowledge about various legal aspects of abortion. Poor knowledge and conservative attitudes are important barriers for obtaining reproductive health services.
Multi-Variable Classiﬁcation Approach for the Detection of Lightning Activity Using a Low-Cost and Portable X Band Radar

: This work proposes a multi-parameter method for the detection of cloud-to-ground stroke rate ( SR CG ) associated to convective cells, based on the measurements of a low-cost single-polarization X-band weather radar. To train and test our procedure, we built up a multi-year dataset, collecting 1575 radar reﬂectivity volumes that were acquired in the pilot study area of Naples metropolitan environment matched with the LIghtning NETwork (LINET) strokes and meteorological in-situ data. Three radar-based variables are extracted simultaneously for each rain cell and properly merged together, using “ad hoc” classiﬁcation methods, to produce an estimation of the expected lightning activity for each rain cell. These variables, proxies of mixed-phase particles and ice amount into a convective cell, are combined into a single label to cluster the SR CG into two categories: SR CG = 0 (no production of strokes) or SR CG > 0 (stroke production), respectively. Overall, the main results are comparable with those that were obtained from more advanced radar systems, showing a Critical Success Index of 0.53, an Equitable Threat Score of 0.34, a Frequency Bias Index of 1.00, a Heidke Skill Score of 0.42, a Hanssen-Kuiper Skill Score of 0.42, and an area under the curve of probability of detection as a function of false alarm rate (usually referred as ROC curve) equal to 0.78. The developed technique, although with some limitations, outperforms those based on the use of single stroke proxy parameters.
Real-Time PCR for Diagnosis of Human Bocavirus Infections and Phylogenetic Analysis (cid:1)

The human bocavirus (hBoV) was ﬁrst described in 2005 in respiratory tract samples. The clinical relevance of hBoV is still unclear. The aim of our study was to establish a real-time PCR assay for the detection and quantiﬁcation of hBoV DNA, to apply the real-time assay for the analysis of stool and serum samples for the presence of hBoV DNA, and to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the hBoV positive samples. A total of 834 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA), 10 serum samples, and 31 stool samples of children with acute respiratory diseases were retrospectively tested. For phylogenetic analysis, 968 bp of the VP2 gene were sequenced from 69 hBoV-positive NPA samples. The qualitative results of the real-time hBoV PCR were in good agreement with a conventional hBoV PCR. We found that 12% of the NPA were positive for hBoV DNA. The median viral load in the NPA was 4.9 (cid:1) 10 3 copies/ml (range, 2.7 (cid:1) 10 0 to 1.5 (cid:1) 10 11 copies/ml). There was no difference of the hBoV load in NPA between children with or without known coinfection, but the load was signiﬁcantly higher in children with bronchitis than in children with the diagnosis of febrile seizures. hBoV DNA was found in 1 of 10 serum samples and in 14 of 31 stool samples. hBoV sequence identity was >99% in the VP2 region. In conclusion, hBoV DNA can be found in NPA samples at very high titers. In addition to being found in the respiratory tract, hBoV was found in stool samples. The clinical relevance of these ﬁndings remains to be determined.
Impact of Parenting Styles on Anxiety Sensitivity and Test Anxiety among Eighth Grade School Students

The central aim of the study is to examine the role of parenting style in anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety among the 8 th grade adolescents‟ school students. In this study, the researcher contacted with 8 th grade school students with the age 13 to 14 years of Bengali families in Kolkata with monthly family income of Rs. 10,000-50,000/- per month. The total number of participants were initially about 300 students, but finally 120 (60 males and 60 females) could be retained. Candidates, whose highest obtained score in Parental Authority Questionnaire was same in at least two prototypes (permissiveness, authoritarianism and authoritativeness) in respect of either father or mother or both, were not considered for the present study. Besides, candidates whose selected prototype (the dominant one; selected on the basis of highest obtained score in a particular prototype among different prototypes such as permissiveness, authoritarianism and authoritativeness) differed in scales for father and mother were also not considered. An assurance was made that the selected participants did not suffer from chronic physical and mental disturbances. Results showed that the mean values for both anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety were maximum in case of authoritarian parenting style and the difference between male and female was not significant both for perception of stress and test anxiety. Results further showed that the 8 th grade students differed significantly in anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety with the variation in parenting styles. Overall, this study indicated that the parenting style which regards autonomy and consider a rational approach is most preferred one.
Anti antigemination and the OCP

In this article I consider arguments for the Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP) presented by McCarthy (1986). The version of the OCP proposed by McCarthy is that "At the melodic level, adjacent identical elements are prohibited" (p. 208). The controversy concerns how this principle is implemented and whether it is a universal. McCarthy claims that the OCP is a universal in nontonal phonology holding for underlying and derived representations and that a phenomenon termed Antigemination provides support for the OCP. Given the tonal arguments of Odden (1986) that the OCP is not universal, it would be surprising if the OCP were a formal universal in nontonal phonology but the residue of a language-learning problem in tonal phonology. The following claims will be important here:
Homogeneous Turbulence Dynamics

1. Introduction 2. Statistical analysis of homogeneous turbulent flows: reminders 3. Incompressible homogeneous isotropic turbulence 4. Incompressible homogeneous anisotropic turbulence: pure rotations 5. Incompressible homogeneous anisotropic turbulence: strain 6. Incompressible homogeneous anisotropic turbulence: pure shear 7. Incompressible homogeneous anisotropic turbulence: buoyancy and stable stratification 8. Coupled effects: rotations, stratification, strain and shear 9. Compressible homogeneous isotropic turbulence 10. Compressible homogeneous anisotropic turbulence 11. Isotropic turbulence/shock interaction 12. Linear interaction approximation for shock/perturbation interaction 13. Linear theories - from rapid distortions theory to WKB variants 14. Anisotropic nonlinear triadic closures 15. Conclusions and perspectives.
PLATELETS AND THROMBOPOIESIS Signaling-mediated cooperativity between glycoprotein Ib-IX and protease-activated receptors in thrombin-induced platelet activation

Thrombin-induced cellular response in platelets not only requires protease-activated receptors (PARs), but also involves another thrombin receptor, the glycoprotein Ib-IX complex (GPIb-IX). It remains controversial how thrombin binding to GPIb-IX stimulates plateletresponses.ItwasproposedthatGPIb-IXservesasadockthatfacilitatesthrombin cleavage of protease-activated receptors, but there are also reports suggesting that thrombin binding to GPIb-IX induces platelet activation independent of PARs. Here we show that GPIb is neither a passive thrombin dock nor a PAR-independent signaling receptor. We demonstrate a novel signaling-mediated cooperativity between PARs and GPIb-IX. Low-dose thrombin-induced PAR-dependent cell responses require the cooperativity of GPIb-IX signaling, and conversely, thrombin-induced GPIb-IX signaling requires cooperativity of PARs. This mutually dependent cooperativity requires a GPIb-IX–specific 14-3-3-Rac1-LIMK1 signaling pathway, and activation of this pathway also requires PAR signaling. The cooperativity between GPIb-IX signaling and PAR signaling thus drives platelet activation at low concentrations of thrombin, which are important for in vivo thrombosis. ( Blood . 2016;127(5):626-636)
Congenital NOS2 Deﬁciency Protects Mice from LPS-induced Hyporesponsiveness to Inhaled Nitric Oxide

Background: In animal models, endotoxin (lipopolysaccha-ride) challenge impairs the pulmonary vasodilator response to inhaled nitric oxide (NO). This impairment is prevented by treatment with inhibitors of NO synthase 2 (NOS2), including glucocorticoids and L -arginine analogs. However, because these inhibitors are not speciﬁc for NOS2, the role of this enzyme in the impairment of NO responsiveness by lipopolysaccharide remains incompletely deﬁned. Methods: To investigate the role of NOS2 in the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of NO responsiveness, the authors measured the vasodilator response to inhalation of 0.4, 4, and 40 ppm NO in isolated, perfused, and ventilated lungs obtained from lipopolysaccharide-pretreated (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally 16 h before lung perfusion) and untreated wild-type and NOS2-deﬁcient mice. The authors also evaluated the effects of breathing NO for 16 h on pulmonary vascular responsiveness during subsequent ventilation with NO. Results: In wild-type mice, lipopolysaccharide challenge impaired the pulmonary vasodilator response to 0.4 and 4 ppm NO (reduced 79% and 45%, respectively, P < 0.001), but not to 40 ppm. In contrast, lipopolysaccharide administration did not impair the vasodilator response to inhaled NO in NOS2-deﬁcient mice. Breathing 20 ppm NO for 16 h decreased the vasodilator response to subsequent ventilation with NO in lipo-polysaccharide-pretreated NOS2-deﬁcient mice, but not in lipo-polysaccharide-pretreated wild-type, untreated NOS2-deﬁcient or untreated wild-type mice. Conclusions: In response to endotoxin challenge, NO, either endogenously produced by NOS2 in wild-type mice or added to the air inhaled by NOS2-deﬁcient mice, is necessary to impair vascular responsiveness to inhaled NO. Prolonged NO breathing, without endotoxin, does not impair vasodilation in response to subsequent NO inhalation. These results suggest that NO, plus other lipopolysaccharide-induced products, are necessary to impair responsiveness to inhaled NO in a murine sepsis model. (Key ride-pretreated wild-type (4.9 (cid:54) 0.1) and NOS2-deﬁcient (5.1 (cid:54) 0.2) mice or in untreated wild-type (4.5 (cid:54) 0.3) and untreated NOS2-deﬁcient (4.8 (cid:54) 0.1) mice, compared with unexposed mice. Wet-to-dry lung weight ratios did not correlate with the vasodilator response to inhaled NO.
Implantação de um programa de preservação auditiva em metalúrgica: descrição de uma estratégia

A Hearing Conservation Program (HCP) was implemented to guarantee hearing conservation, prevent hearing loss and mainly to avoid difficulties in communication among factory workers. The objective is to analyze the hearing loss in an industry and to develop the hearing conservation activities that were carried out in an industry in the year 2000. There were 67 employees in the industry working on foundry, in the making of valves for water plants.The results: the most important hearing harm was noise with levels between 83 and 105 dB(A). About employees threshold hearing, levels of 38.8% of noise-induced permanent threshold shift (NIPTS); 7.5% of non-occupational hearing damage; 53.7% of normal threshold. The workplace noise average exposure was 12 years and the average employees age was 31.9 . Personal hearing protection was used by 67.2% of them. A HCP ought to be not only an audiometric testing but should also suggest activities to change work environment and make proposals on educational actions to modify the attitudes of workers and managers.
by cryo-electron microscopy and crystallography.

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease, first described in China in 1984, causes hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver. Its etiological agent, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), belongs to the Lagovirus genus in the family Caliciviridae . The detailed molecular structure of any lagovirus capsid has yet to be determined. Here, we report a cryo-electron microscopic (cryoEM) reconstruction of wild-type RHDV at 6.5 A˚ resolution and the crystal structures of the shell (S) and protruding (P) domains of its major capsid protein, VP60, each at 2.0 A ˚ resolution. From these data we built a complete atomic model of the RHDV capsid. VP60 has a conserved S domain and a specific P2 sub-domain that differs from those found in other caliciviruses. As seen in the shell portion of the RHDV cryoEM map, which was resolved to , 5.5 A˚, the N-terminal arm domain of VP60 folds back onto its cognate S domain. Sequence alignments of VP60 from six groups of RHDV isolates revealed seven regions of high variation that could be mapped onto the surface of the P2 sub-domain and suggested three putative pockets might be responsible for binding to histo-blood group antigens. A flexible loop in one of these regions was shown to interact with rabbit tissue cells and contains an important epitope for anti-RHDV antibody production. Our study provides a reliable, pseudo-atomic model of a Lagovirus and suggests a new candidate for an efficient vaccine that can be used to protect rabbits from RHDV infection. and homogenized with a pestle in PBS buffer (8 mM kept between 0 and 4 u C. Tissue suspensions were centrifuged for 20 min at 4,000 g. An equal volume of chloroform was added to the supernatant and the mixture was shaken vigorously by hand for 15 seconds, followed by incubation for , 3 min at 4 u C and centrifugation at 12,000 g for 15 min at 4 u C. The chloroform was and the above steps (shaking, incubation, and centrifugation) and a The gradient with clarified liver was centrifuged Precipitant was collected and final for studies was for The resulting pellet was EDTA) and fast frozen in liquid nitrogen for storage before it was used for cryoEM studies.
ON THE OXYGEN AND NITROGEN CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE “GREEN PEA” GALAXIES

We have investigated the oxygen and nitrogen chemical abundances in extremely compact star-forming galaxies (SFGs) with redshifts between ∼0.11 and 0.35, popularly referred to as “green peas. ” Direct and strong-line methods sensitive to the N/O ratio applied to their Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectra reveal that these systems are genuine metal-poor galaxies, with mean oxygen abundances ∼20% solar. At a given metallicity these galaxies display systematically large N/O ratios compared to normal galaxies, which can explain the strong difference between our metallicities measurements and previous ones. While their N/O ratios follow the relation with stellar mass of local SFGs in the SDSS, we find that the mass–metallicity relation of the “green peas” is offset ≳0.3 dex to lower metallicities. We argue that recent interaction-induced inflow of gas, possibly coupled with a selective metal-rich gas loss, driven by supernova winds, may explain our findings and the known galaxy properties, namely high specific star formation rates, extreme compactness, and disturbed optical morphologies. The “green pea” galaxy properties seem to be uncommon in the nearby universe, suggesting a short and extreme stage of their evolution. Therefore, these galaxies may allow us to study in great detail many processes, such as starburst activity and chemical enrichment, under physical conditions approaching those in galaxies at higher redshifts.
AN ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

This research studies is undertaken to examine the impact of government spending on economic growth in Nigeria. Government spending is thought to be growth enhancing especially when it is productive in nature. The time series data for the period between (1970-2010) was used in this study. Data for this study were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical Bulletin. Some selected macro economic variables such as government expenditure, educational expenditure, health expenditure, government investment expenditure and government consumption were captured in the model, after which the model was estimated. The results shows that overall government expenditure on health and transport are positive and significantly related to economic growth. While the expenditure on agriculture had an increase growth of 0.7%. This is as a result of the current diversification drive of the economic base of the country. It is therefore important that government should continue to spend more in the economy to push it to the desired level. Government should also spend more on health care service, transportation and educational sector of the country for better developed health and educational sector of the economy.
Ingénierie des interactions cellule/ matrice extracellulaire et cellule/cellule pour contrôler le comportement d’écoulements de suspensions de cellules à hautes fractions volumiques

L'attention de la communaute scientifique, ainsi que le developpement, pour les bioprocedes dedies a la culture et a l'expansion de cellules souches mesenchymateuses (MSCs) pour la therapie cellulaire et la medecine regenerative a considerablement grandi pendant ces dernieres decennies. Une plus ample comprehension du lien entre la structure, la fonction et les proprietes des suspensions de cellules mesenchymateuses est devenue de premiere importance. Dans cette these, nous presentons tout d'abord les resultats d'une etude experimentale portant sur l'ecoulement de suspensions concentrees de cellules vivantes d'origine mesenchymateuse pour une grande gamme de concentration cellulaire. Nous caracterisons l'evolution de la viscosite relative en fonction de la contrainte de cisaillement appliquee pour des fractions volumiques cellulaires allant de 20 a 60%. Ces materiaux ont des empreintes rheologiques compliquees mais tres reproductibles, incluant des comportements de fluide a seuil, rheofluidifiants ainsi que des fractures liees a la contrainte de cisaillement. Les proprietes rheologiques de la suspension sont ensuite etudiees avec l'addition d'acide hyaluronique (HA), une biomolecule avec des sequences d'adhesion pour des recepteurs a la surface des cellules etudiees. Nous montrons que l'addition d'acide hyaluronique modifie substantiellement le comportement de la suspension et nous permet de controler les proprietes d'ecoulement de la suspension a toutes les fractions volumiques. Cytometrie de flux et imagerie confocal a l'appui, nous montrons que l'effet observe est du a un important changement dans la formation d'agregats cellulaires dans la suspension, et donc dans l'envergure du reseau correspondant. La troisieme partie de cette these porte sur l'ajout de polyethylene glycol, une molecule qui n'est pas naturellement presente dans l'organisme mais frequemment utilisee dans la formulation d'hydrogel. En utilisant trois types de PEG, l'influence de la charge des molecules est etudiee. Les resultats montrent que la charge est un parametre important dans le controle des proprietes d'ecoulement de suspensions cellulaires, car determinant dans la formation et la compacite des agregats. En considerant les agregats comme des objets fractals, nous montrons qu'en prenant en compte les modifications de fractions volumiques avec le cisaillement, nous pouvons obtenir une courbe maitresse pour l'ensemble des conditions testees, et en extraire la force d'adhesion moyenne entre les cellules, au travers une population de plusieurs millions de cellules. Cette etude livre de nouveaux aspects sur la complexite des proprietes en ecoulement de suspensions de cellules mechymateuses, adherentes et concentrees, sur leur sensibilite a l'ajout de molecules, qu'elles soient naturellement presentes dans les tissues ou non, ainsi qu'une nouvelle methode pour mesurer la force d'adhesion entre les cellules.