Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of 3-Dimensionally Printed Full-Arch Dental Models: A Systematic Review

The use of additive manufacturing in dentistry has exponentially increased with dental model construction being the most common use of the technology. Henceforth, identifying the accuracy of additively manufactured dental models is critical. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature and evaluate the accuracy of full-arch dental models manufactured using different 3D printing technologies. Seven databases were searched, and 2209 articles initially identified of which twenty-eight studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were analysed. A meta-analysis was not possible due to unclear reporting and heterogeneity of studies. Stereolithography (SLA) was the most investigated technology, followed by digital light processing (DLP). Accuracy of 3D printed models varied widely between <100 to >500 μm with the majority of models deemed of clinically acceptable accuracy. The smallest (3.3 μm) and largest (579 μm) mean errors were produced by SLA printers. For DLP, majority of investigated printers (n = 6/8) produced models with <100 μm accuracy. Manufacturing parameters, including layer thickness, base design, postprocessing and storage, significantly influenced the model’s accuracy. Majority of studies supported the use of 3D printed dental models. Nonetheless, models deemed clinically acceptable for orthodontic purposes may not necessarily be acceptable for the prosthodontic workflow or applications requiring high accuracy.
Predicting recall of words and lists.

For more than a half-century, lists of words have served as the memoranda of choice in studies of human memory. To better understand why some words and lists are easier to recall than others, we estimated multivariate models of word and list recall. In each of the 23 sessions, subjects (N = 98) studied and recalled the same set of 576 words, presented in 24 study-test lists. Fitting a statistical model to these data revealed positive effects of animacy, contextual diversity, valence, arousal, concreteness, and semantic structure on recall of individual words. We next asked whether a similar approach would allow us to account for list-level variability in recall performance. Here we hypothesized that semantically coherent lists would be most memorable. Consistent with this prediction, we found that semantic similarity, weighted by temporal distance, was a strong positive predictor of list-level recall. Additionally, we found significant effects of average contextual diversity, valence, animacy, and concreteness on list-level recall. Our findings extend previous models of item-level recall and show that aggregate measures of item recallability also account for variability in list-level performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Predictive value of thromboelastography for postoperative lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in gastric cancer complicated with portal hypertension patients

ABSTRACT Background To explore the predictive value of thromboelastography (TEG) for the occurrence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LDVT) in gastric cancer combined with portal hypertension patients after operation. Methods 172 gastric cancer patients combined with portal hypertension were randomly divided into laparoscopic surgery or laparotomy groups. All patients were taken venous blood on an empty stomach 1 day before operation, 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days after operation. Results There was no significant difference in R value, K value, α angle, and MA before and after operation (P > .05). Compared with the same group before operation, the R value and K value were decreased at 1, 3, and 5 days after operation, while the α angle and MA were increased (P < .05). Compared with the non-LDVT group, the postoperative R value and K value in the LDVT group were significantly lower, while the α angle and MA were significantly higher (P < .05). The AUC of R value, K value, α angle, and MA levels at 3 days after surgery to identify patients with LDVT was 0.778, 0.718, 0.881, and 0.781, respectively. The estimated probability of the final model for LDVT was 0.622. Compared with the estimated probability ≥0.622 group, the LDVT rate in the estimated probability <0.622 group was significantly increased (χ2 = 60.128, P < .001). Conclusions The combination of R value, K value, α angle, and MA at 3 days after surgery has a moderately effective predictive effect for the occurrence of LDVT in gastric cancer patients combined with portal hypertension.
“God is a painter”: How Jewish Ultra-Orthodox art therapists and clients perceive mental health treatment

The current study examined the ways in which 14 art therapists and adult clients from the Ultra-Orthodox sector in Israel perceive mental health and mental health treatment. Semi-structured interviews were subjected to an interpretative phenomenological analysis to capture the meaning ascribed to the treatment and its challenges. Four themes emerged: the perception of mental health as related to the centrality of functioning, purposefulness, and emotional balance; the specific challenges of therapy, in terms of suspicion regarding treatment and difficulties in establishing intimacy and self-disclosure; the interplay between the worlds of therapy and religion; and the intersection of art and religion. The discussion centers on an interpretation of the findings in light of the ontological typology of individualism versus collectivism.
Attitude towards People with Disability of Nursing and Physiotherapy Students

Background: Attitudes are a component of our behaviour. Health professionals should have a global perspective of disability. They must provide treatment to people with disability and care for them, but they also should accept them with no judgements or discrimination. The general objective of this study was to know the attitude towards people with disability of nursing and physiotherapy students at the University of Cadiz. Methods: This was a descriptive, correlational, transversal and synchronous study. A total of 200 students participated in the study (91 from the bachelor’s degree in nursing and 109 from the bachelor’s degree in physiotherapy). The ‘Attitudes towards people with disability scale’ was used. Results: The mean score for both groups of students was 157.05 (SD = 14.14). Conclusions: Attitudes towards disability of nursing and physiotherapy students at the University of Cadiz tend to be positive. However, this was considered not sufficient since they will be health professionals in the future.
Elucidating the mechanistic impact of single nucleotide variants in model organisms

Understanding how genetic variation propagate to differences in phenotypes in individuals is an ongoing challenge in genetics. Genome-wide association studies have allowed for the identification of many trait-associated genomic loci. However, they are limited in their inability to explain the altered cellular mechanism. Genetic variation can drive disease by altering a range of mechanisms, including signalling networks, transcription factor (TF) binding, and protein folding. Understanding the impact of variants on such processes has key implications in therapeutics, drug development, protein engineering and more. This thesis aims to utilise computational predictors to shed light on how cellular mechanisms are altered in the context of genetic variation and better understand how they drive both molecular and organism-level phenotypes. Many binding events in the cell are mediated by short stretches of sequence motifs. The ability to discover these underlying rules of binding could greatly aid our understanding of variant impact. Kinase-substrate phosphorylation is one of the most prominent post-translational modifications (PTMs) which is mediated by such motifs. We first describe a computational method which utilises interaction and phosphorylation data to predict sequence preferences of kinases. Our method was applied to 57% of human kinases capturing known well-characterised and novel kinase specificities. We experimentally validate four understudied kinases to show that predicted models closely resemble true specificities. We further demonstrate that this method can be applied to different organisms and can be used for other phospho-recognition domains. The described approach allows for an extended repertoire of sequence specificities to be generated, particularly in organisms for which little data is available. TF-DNA binding is another mechanism driven by sequence motifs, which is key for the tight regulation of gene expression and can be greatly altered by genetic variation. We have comprehensively benchmarked current methods used to predict non-coding variant effects on TF-DNA binding by employing over 20,000 compiled allele-specific binding variants across 43 TFs. We show that machine learningbased approaches significantly outperform more rudimentary methods such as the position weight matrix. We further note that models for many TFs with distinct binding specificities were unable to accurately assess the impact of variants. For these TFs, we explore alternative mechanisms underlying TF-binding, such as methylation, co-operative binding, and DNA
Significance of Competing Metabolic Pathways for 5F-APINACA Based on Quantitative Kinetics

In 2020, nearly one-third of new drugs on the global market were synthetic cannabinoids including the drug of abuse N-(1-adamantyl)-1-(5-pentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (5F-APINACA, 5F-AKB48). Knowledge of 5F-APINACA metabolism provides a critical mechanistic basis to interpret and predict abuser outcomes. Prior qualitative studies identified which metabolic processes occur but not the order and extent of them and often relied on problematic “semi-quantitative” mass spectroscopic (MS) approaches. We capitalized on 5F-APINACA absorbance for quantitation while leveraging MS to characterize metabolite structures for measuring 5F-APINACA steady-state kinetics. We demonstrated the reliability of absorbance and not MS for inferring metabolite levels. Human liver microsomal reactions yielded eight metabolites by MS but only five by absorbance. Subsequent kinetic studies on primary and secondary metabolites revealed highly efficient mono- and dihydroxylation of the adamantyl group and much less efficient oxidative defluorination at the N-pentyl terminus. Based on regiospecificity and kinetics, we constructed pathways for competing and intersecting steps in 5F-APINACA metabolism. Overall efficiency for adamantyl oxidation was 17-fold higher than that for oxidative defluorination, showing significant bias in metabolic flux and subsequent metabolite profile compositions. Lastly, our analytical approach provides a powerful new strategy to more accurately assess metabolic kinetics for other understudied synthetic cannabinoids possessing the indazole chromophore.
Instilling Belief in the Ability to Change for the Better: Narrative Persuasion for Sleep Hygiene Self-Efficacy

ABSTRACT The present experiment draws on social cognitive theory to examine how story protagonist self-efficacy (high vs. low) influences participants’ sleep hygiene-related self-efficacy and behavior three days after narrative exposure. Social comparisons as factors in narrative impact were examined. To ensure the robustness of findings, two different narratives served as stimuli. Results indicated that immediately after narrative exposure, participants in both the high and low self-efficacy protagonist conditions reported improved self-efficacy. However, only the high self-efficacy condition reported increased self-efficacy three days after narrative exposure, demonstrating lasting impacts. Social comparison moderated the effect of protagonist self-efficacy on participant self-efficacy immediately and three days after exposure: Participants in the high self-efficacy protagonist condition who reported greater social comparison experienced increased sleep-related self-efficacy. Further, a moderated mediation analysis demonstrated that participants with greater social comparison to a high self-efficacy protagonist engaged in more sleep hygiene behaviors as demonstrated in the narrative three days after exposure.
After-school nutrition education programme improves eating behaviour in economically disadvantaged adolescents

Abstract Objective: To investigate whether an after-school nutrition education (ASNE) programme can improve the nutrition knowledge and healthy eating behaviour of adolescents from economically disadvantaged families. Design: One-group pretest and posttest design. Nutrition knowledge and dietary intake were collected using a questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements were measured before and after the intervention. Nine components of healthy eating behaviour were assessed with reference to the Dietary Guideline of Taiwan. Pretest and posttest differences were analysed using generalised estimating equations. Setting: Three after-school programmes in central and southern Taiwan. The ASNE programme comprised three monthly 1-h sessions (20–30-min lecture and 30–40-min interaction). Participants: A total of 153 adolescents aged 10–15 years from economically disadvantaged families (seventy-eight elementary students and seventy-five junior high school students). Results: Elementary and junior high school students’ nutrition knowledge scores (range 0–6) increased by 0·28 (+ 5·7 %, P = 0·02) and 0·30 points (+ 6·18 %, P = 0·02), respectively, but their fruit intake decreased by 0·36 serving/d (–22·9 %, P = 0·02) and 0·29 serving/d (–18·9 %, P = 0·03), respectively. Junior high school students’ mean snacking frequency and fried food intake dropped to 0·75 d/week (–21·3 %, P = 0·008) and 0·10 serving/d (–28·8 %, P = 0·01), respectively. Conclusions: Short-term ASNE programmes can increase nutrition knowledge and reduce snacking frequency and fried food intake despite a decrease in fruit intake among adolescents from economically disadvantaged families.
Using Peer Crowd Affiliation to Address Dual Use of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes among San Francisco Bay Area Young Adults: A Cross Sectional Study

Given the emerging tobacco landscape, dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes has increased among young adults, but little is known about its associated factors. Peer crowds, defined as macro-level connections between individuals with similar core values (e.g., “Hip Hop” describing a group that prefers hip hop music and values strength, honor, and respect), are a promising way to understand tobacco use patterns. We examined associations between peer crowds and tobacco use patterns by using data from a cross sectional survey of 1340 young adults in the San Francisco Bay Area in 2014. Outcomes were the past 30-day use of: neither cigarettes nor e-cigarettes; cigarettes but not e-cigarettes; e-cigarettes but not cigarettes; and both cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Peer crowds included Hipster, Hip Hop, Country, Partier, Homebody, and Young Professional. Multinomial regression analysis indicated that peer crowds were significantly associated with different tobacco use patterns. Compared to Young Professionals, Hip Hop and Hipster crowds were more likely to dual use; Hipsters were more likely to use e-cigarettes only, and Country participants were more likely to smoke cigarettes only. These findings suggest that tobacco control campaigns and cessation interventions should be tailored to different young adult peer crowds and address poly-tobacco use.
Relationship between Virulence and Resistance among Gram-Negative Bacteria

Bacteria present in the human body are innocuous, providing beneficial functions, some of which are necessary for correct body function. However, other bacteria are able to colonize, invade, and cause damage to different tissues, and these are categorised as pathogens. These pathogenic bacteria possess several factors that enable them to be more virulent and cause infection. Bacteria have a great capacity to adapt to different niches and environmental conditions (presence of antibiotics, iron depletion, etc.). Antibiotic pressure has favoured the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide. Several studies have reported the presence of a relationship (both positive and negative, and both direct and indirect) between antimicrobial resistance and virulence among bacterial pathogens. This review studies the relationship among the most important Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) taking into account two points of view: (i) the effect the acquisition of resistance has on virulence, and (ii) co-selection of resistance and virulence. The relationship between resistance and virulence among bacteria depends on the bacterial species, the specific mechanisms of resistance and virulence, the ecological niche, and the host.
Rapid rise of COVID-19 second wave in Myanmar and implications for the Western Pacific region

Myanmar's second wave of covid-19 infections started in Rakhine State but the virus is spreading to other states and regions. The country's healthcare system is understaffed, overstretched and lacking infrastructure. The rapid rise of cases can overwhelm Myanmar's healthcare system and the virus can spread to the Western Pacific countries.
Risk factors for self-reported cataract symptoms, diagnosis, and surgery uptake among older adults in India: Findings from the WHO SAGE data

ABSTRACT Visual impairments have a substantial impact on the well-being of older people, but their impact among older adults in low- and middle-income countries is under-researched. We examined risk factors for self-reported cataract symptoms, diagnosis, and surgery uptake in India. Cross-sectional data from the nationally representative WHO SAGE data (2007–2008) for India were analysed. We focused on a sub-sample of 6558 adults aged 50+, applying descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Nearly 1-in-5 respondents self-reported diagnosed cataracts, more than three-fifths (62%; n = 3879) reported cataract symptoms, and over half (51.8%) underwent surgery. Increasing age, self-reported diabetes, arthritis, low visual acuity, and moderate or severe vision problems were factors associated with self-reported diagnosed cataracts. Odds of cataract symptoms were higher with increasing age and among those with self-reported arthritis, depressive symptoms, low visual acuity, and with moderate or severe vision problems. Odds of cataract surgery were also higher with increasing age, self-reported diabetes, depressive symptoms, and among those with low visual acuity. A public health approach of behavioural modification, well-structured national outreach eye care services, and inclusion of local basic eye care services are recommended.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Peripheral Vascular Intervention for Infrainguinal Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease

Purpose: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to be at higher risk for peripheral artery disease (PAD), amputations, and major adverse cardiovascular events, though it is unclear whether they are at any higher risk for repeat intervention. LIBERTY 360 offered an opportunity to study a real-world cohort of patients who underwent distal superficial femoral artery endovascular revascularizations. We aimed to describe patients with DM, their outcomes following peripheral vascular intervention, and the effect of DM on outcomes in the LIBERTY 360 cohort. Methods: LIBERTY 360 is a prospective, multi-center, non-randomized, mono-industry funded observational study of patients undergoing endovascular revascularization. Outcomes included 30-day and 1-year all-cause mortality, major amputation, target vessel/lesion revascularization, and a composite of those events. A multivariable regression model including DM was constructed to examine the effect of DM on outcomes. Multivariable survival estimates were made using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 1,204 patients were enrolled, of whom 727 had DM (60.4%). Patients with DM had significantly more comorbidities and a third required insulin for DM management. Patients with DM had more severe disease based on Rutherford classification at baseline. After adjusting for comorbidities and disease severity, DM patients had more frequent major amputations at 1 year (5.2% versus 1.2%; HR 2.71, 95%CI 1.05-6.98, p = 0.040). The 1-year rates of all-cause mortality and target vessel/lesion revascularization were not significantly higher for patients with DM. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus was associated with increased major amputations at 1 year following endovascular revascularization after accounting for demographics, comorbidities, and PAD-related characteristics. Further research is needed to determine which aspects of PAD and DM are most strongly associated with poor outcomes following lower extremity revascularization.
Is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Futile in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Experiencing In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest?

OBJECTIVES There is limited data regarding outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest among coronavirus disease 2019 patients. None of the studies have reported the outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in coronavirus disease 2019 patients in the United States. We describe the characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in coronavirus disease 2019 patients in rural Southwest Georgia. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Single-center, multihospital. PATIENTS Consecutive coronavirus disease 2019 patients who experienced in-hospital cardiac arrest with attempted resuscitation. INTERVENTIONS Attempted resuscitation with advanced cardiac life support. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS Out of 1,094 patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 during the study period, 63 patients suffered from in-hospital cardiac arrest with attempted resuscitation and were included in this study. The median age was 66 years, and 49.2% were males. The majority of patients were African Americans (90.5%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (88.9%), obesity (69.8%), diabetes (60.3%), and chronic kidney disease (33.3%). Eighteen patients (28.9%) had a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 0-2. The most common presenting symptoms were shortness of breath (63.5%), fever (52.4%), and cough (46%). The median duration of symptoms prior to admission was 14 days. During hospital course, 66.7% patients developed septic shock, and 84.1% had acute respiratory distress syndrome. Prior to in-hospital cardiac arrest, 81% were on ventilator, 60.3% were on vasopressors, and 39.7% were on dialysis. The majority of in-hospital cardiac arrest (84.1%) occurred in the ICU. Time to initiation of advanced cardiac life support protocol was less than 1 minute for all in-hospital cardiac arrest in the ICU and less than 2 minutes for the remaining patients. The most common initial rhythms were pulseless electrical activity (58.7%) and asystole (33.3%). Although return of spontaneous circulation was achieved in 29% patients, it was brief in all of them. The in-hospital mortality was 100%. CONCLUSIONS In our study, coronavirus disease 2019 patients suffering from in-hospital cardiac arrest had 100% in-hospital mortality regardless of the baseline comorbidities, presenting illness severity, and location of arrest.