Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of electromechanical impedance and residual stress relation for samples machined by hot ultrasonic-assisted turning

Electromechanical impedance (EMI) method has been widely used in recent years to evaluate the condition of structures. In this method, piezoelectric sensors are added to the structure to examine material properties. The impedance/admittance signals are recorded with the aid of the impedance analyzer without any conversion. When there is any change in structures, differences occur in these signals. Thus, changes in structures can be easily determined. It is known that residual stress plays a vital role in materials in terms of crack initiation, breakage, fatigue life, etc. In contrast, the detection of residual stress is time-consuming and it requires experience. This study reveals the effect of cutting parameters on residual stress and electromechanical impedance/admittance values. Firstly, hot ultrasonic-assisted turning was performed for Ti6Al4V material. A parametric study was carried out with different cutting depth, feed rate, and cutting speed. In the second stage, residual stress values measured by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) method and impedance/admittance values measured by an impedance analyzer were compared. In this context, empirical equations with their values between stress/impedance–admittance values have been derived. In general, it has been observed that stress values are significantly associated with impedance/admittance values and the highest correlation was obtained with the reactance values.
Association between COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions and Perceived Stress Level among College Students in Saudi Arabia

Aims: To assess the levels of perceived stress among college students in Saudi Arabia after changing the learning protocols because of covid-19 pandemic. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Saudi Arabia, from May 2020 to October 2021. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey study that was carried out in Saudi Arabia. A self-administered, pre-designed questionnaire, including Perceived Stress Scale of 10 items was used to measure the stress levels. The participants were selected randomly from different social media users who lived and studied in Saudi Arabian universities. In this study, 10-item questions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was used based on a 5-point Likert scale to score each item (0 = Never 1 = Almost Never 2 = Sometimes 3 = Fairly Often 4 = Very Often). Results: A total of 2034 students living in Saudi Arabia participated in the study. The results showed that 76.84% of total participants had strong stress, males reported higher score as compared to their Female counterparts. Also, students older than 28 years reported higher level of stress, the students in Qassim region showed highest scores of stress. In addition, excellent academic achievement was strongly associated with high level of stress. Conclusion: The findings suggest that significant number of students had higher stress levels using the perceived stress scale. Therefore, this cross-sectional study identified a high stress level in COVID-19 crisis among university students in Saudi Arabia.
The skeletal phenotype of achondrogenesis type 1A is caused exclusively by cartilage defects

ABSTRACT Inactivating mutations in the ubiquitously expressed membrane trafficking component GMAP-210 (encoded by Trip11) cause achondrogenesis type 1A (ACG1A). ACG1A is surprisingly tissue specific, mainly affecting cartilage development. Bone development is also abnormal, but as chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are closely coupled, this could be a secondary consequence of the cartilage defect. A possible explanation for the tissue specificity of ACG1A is that cartilage and bone are highly secretory tissues with a high use of the membrane trafficking machinery. The perinatal lethality of ACG1A prevents investigating this hypothesis. We therefore generated mice with conditional Trip11 knockout alleles and inactivated Trip11 in chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and pancreas acinar cells, all highly secretory cell types. We discovered that the ACG1A skeletal phenotype is solely due to absence of GMAP-210 in chondrocytes. Mice lacking GMAP-210 in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and acinar cells were normal. When we inactivated Trip11 in primary chondrocyte cultures, GMAP-210 deficiency affected trafficking of a subset of chondrocyte-expressed proteins rather than globally impairing membrane trafficking. Thus, GMAP-210 is essential for trafficking specific cargoes in chondrocytes but is dispensable in other highly secretory cells. Summary: Conditional inactivation of the cis-Golgin GMAP-210 reveals that the skeletal phenotype in achondrogenesis type-1A, which is caused by mutations in GMAP-210, is solely due to impaired protein trafficking by chondrocytes.
Transformation of organic micropollutants during river bank filtration: laboratory versus field data

This paper investigates the degradation behavior of 14 organic micropollutants (OMPs), selected for their different physico-chemical properties (e.g., molecular weight, hydrophobicity and charge), in soil columns simulating the conditions prevailing in the first meter of river bank filtration (RBF) media. The results from the column system are compared to RBF field data obtained from the Vitens drinking water company in The Netherlands. The study explores the role of sorption media (sand filled columns and polyethylene tubes) as carrier material for the biomass. Polyethylene tubes with the same specific surface area as sand in the columns, were operated under similar conditions to compare OMP removal in the two systems. Both the column and field data indicate that negatively charged OMPs with Log D ranging from 0.65 to 1.95, positively charged OMPs with Log D ranging from 0.59 to 0.21 and neutral OMPs with Log D ( 1.9 to 1.12) were more susceptible to biodegradation. The compounds that persisted (carbamazepine, atrazine, phenytoin, lincomycin) were positively charged with lower Log D ( 1.33) or neutral with higher Log D (1.56 to 2.64). Hydrochlorothiazide showed poor biodegradability despite being neutral and having a lower log D ( 0.71); it is an exception to the above behavior for reasons that have not yet been identified. A comparison of OMP removal in a biologically active polyethylene tube with a biologically active column showed that the biomass established in either systems removed the same OMPs and to similar extent for a majority of the OMPs. This finding supports the use of polyethylene tubes as a simple, cheap and quick method for investigating the trends in OMP removal in RBF.
Green preparation of seaweed-based silver nano-liquid for cotton pathogenic fungi management.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesised using the crude ethyl acetate extracts of Ulva lactuca and evaluated their bioefficacy against two crop-damaging pathogens. The sets of lattice planes in the XRD spectrum for the Ag NPs were indexed to the 111, 200, 220 and 311 orientations and support the crystalline nature of the Ag NPs. The 3414 and 2968 cm-1 peaks were observed in crude algal thallus extract and they were characteristic of terpenoids. Further, a peak at 1389 cm-1 was observed as fatty acids. The marine macroalgae terpenoids and palmitic acid acted as reducing agent and stabiliser, respectively. The size (3 and 50 nm) and shape (spherical) of Ag NPs were recorded. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis exemplified the presence of silver in its elemental nature. Moreover, U. lactuca Ag NPs were effective against two cotton phytopathogens namely Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (FOV) and Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum (XAM). The minimum inhibitory concentration was found to be 80.0 and 43.33 μg ml-1 against FOV and XAM, respectively. Results confirmed the anti-microbial activity of green nanoparticles against select pathogens and suggest their possible usage in developing antifungal agents for controlling destructive pathogens in a cotton agroecosystem.
Mark my Words: The Transmission of Central Bank Communication to the General Public via the Print Media

We ask how central banks can change their communication in order to receive greater newspaper coverage. We write down a model of news production and consumption in which news generation is endogenous because the central bank must draft its communication in such a way that newspapers choose to report it, whilst still retaining the message the central bank wishes to convey to the public. We use our model to show that standard econometric techniques that correlate central bank text with measures of news coverage in order to determine what causes central bank communication to be reported on will likely prove to be biased. We use computational linguistics combined with an event-study methodology to measure the extent of news coverage a central bank communication receives, and the textual features that might cause a communication to be more (or less) likely to be considered newsworthy. We consider the case of the Bank of England, and estimate the relationship between news coverage and central bank communication implied by our model. We find that the interaction between the state of the economy and the way in which the Bank of England writes its communication is important for determining news coverage. We provide concrete suggestions for ways in which central bank communication can increase its news coverage by improving readability in line with our results. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the Bank of England or its committees. We are extremely grateful to Michael McMahon for his guidance and support with this project. We also thank our discussants at various conferences — Diego Calderon, Michael Ehrmann, and Christina Angelico — for their insightful feedback. This paper benefited much from comments from John Muellbaeur, David Bholat, Julian Aswhin, Max-Sebastian Dovi, and seminar participants at the Bank of England, University of Oxford, NUCAMP 2021 Conference, and the Warwick 2020 PhD Conference. We would also like to thank Andy Haldane, Gareth Ramsay, Becky Maule, Alan Castle, Mike Goldby, and Chris Peacock for comments in the initial stages of this project. Thanks to Al Firrell for providing the text data for the speeches. Finally, but by no means least, we would like to thank Paul Robinson, the SWP editors, and the Press Office for making publication possible. University of Oxford, Bank of England Bank of England
Evaluation of Antioxidant Efficiency of Croton tiglium L. Seeds Extracts after Incorporating Silver Nanoparticles

This study aimed to enhance efficiency of the different Croton tiglium (C. tiglium) seeds extracts by incorporation of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) through raised up cytotoxicity against growth of human colon cancer cells. C. tiglium seeds contain various phytoconstituents e.g., carbohydrates (glycosides), flavonoids, sterols (triterpenes), alkaloids and proteins. The protein was hydrolyzed in the dried aqueous seeds extract into free amino acids, the essential amino acids (20.71%) & nonessential amino acids (79.29%). Furthermore, the mucilage in the dried aqueous seeds extract and the total identified sugars represent ~81.21 % of the total mucilage hydrolyzate. The lipoidal contents in the saponifiable matter of the petroleum ether extract, the total saturated fatty acids (13.68%), total monoenoic fatty acids (34.49%), total dienoic fatty acids (45.76%) and total identified fatty acids (93.93%). The unsaponifiable matter was represented by saturated hydrocarbons (40.73%), unsaturated hydrocarbons (18.93%), fatty alcohols (10.08%), sterols (10.61%) and total identified compounds (80.35%). In addition, there were four compounds (β sitosterol, α-amyrin, Oleanolic acid and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol (daucosterol)) isolated from the petroleum ether extract. Additionally, incorporation of Ag-NPs into the extract caused no toxicity on the experimental animals when administrated orally. It was found that the median lethal dose (LD50) of the ethanolic, petroleum ether and aqueous seeds extract-Ag nanocomposites was about 7.95, 5.2 and 65 ml/Kg, respectively.
Chemical analysis and antioxidant activities of bark extracts from four endemic species of Hyrcanian forests in Iran

Abstract Chemical analysis of the bark from four Hyrcanian forest species, Pterocarya fraxinifolia, Alnus subcordata, Gleditsia caspica and Parrotia persica were performed, and their total phenol contents, and antioxidant and chelating activities were evaluated. The greatest total phenol content (TPhC), 54.3% in dry extract, was detected in P. fraxinifolia bark and the lowest one in G. caspica bark with 4.5%. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in the radical-scavenging assay against DPPH radicals in bark acetone extracts of P. fraxinifolia, A. subcordata, G. caspica and P. persica were 0.17, 0.21, 13.35, 0.19 mg ml−1, respectively. In the metal-chelating activity system, G. caspica extract demonstrated significant activity. Pterocarya fraxinifolia, A. subcordata and P. persica bark acetone extracts revealed a high potential for inhibition of DPPH radicals due to high amounts of phenolics. Superior health benefits can be expected from the compounds syringol, 4-vinylguaiacol, tyrosol, chavicol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, vanillin, rheosmin and acetophenone. Gleditsia caspica was found to have significant chelating activity due to isoeugenol.
Development and Acceptance of an Ice Cream as Food Alternative for Cancer Patients

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a food complement in the form of ice cream and to evaluate the acceptance by tasters without cancer and with cancer during chemotherapy. Four ice creams flavors were developed: strawberry, chocolate, pineapple with ginger, and lemon. Using whey protein isolate, polydextrose, and deodorized olive oil among other ingredients, all the four flavors are source of protein and fiber, fat lower content, free of trans fat, and lactose. All products were well accepted by both groups of tasters, with acceptance percentage above 75%. The results suggest a promising therapeutic possibility to be part of the diet of patients with cancer.
Zinc(II) phthalocyanine containing Schiff base containing sulfonamide: synthesis, characterization, photophysical, and photochemical properties

Abstract Synthesis and characterization of (E)-4-((5-bromo-2-(λ1-oxidanyl)benzylidene)amino)-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (1), its substituted phthalonitrile derivative (2), and its tetra substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine complex (3) were performed. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 were characterized by methods such as elemental analyses, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR (except for 3), and MALDI-TOF mass spectra. The photophysical and photochemical properties of this substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine complex aimed to be used as a photosensitizer were investigated in DMSO solution for determination of their photosensitizing abilities in photocatalytic applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). The influence of the substituent as a bioactive compound on the phthalocyanine skeleton on spectroscopic, photophysical, and photochemical properties were also determined and compared with unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine and some zinc(II) phthalocyanines containing different substituents previously studied. According to photophysical and photochemical investigations, 3 has potential as a photosensitizer for PDT.
Daily stress and received social support in hematopoietic cell transplant patient-caregiver dyads

ABSTRACT Background and Objective Reception of social support may foster adjustment in dyads facing cancer treatment. Still, understanding of the effects of received support in everyday life of patient-caregiver dyads remains limited. This study investigated whether the positive effect of daily received social support depends on daily stress levels and whether the effect differs by perspective (recipient vs. provider) in dyads undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Design and Methods The sample comprised 200 patient-caregiver dyads after HCT. The participants completed measures of daily stress levels, received and provided social support as well as affect for 28 consecutive days. Results Regardless of daily stress levels, the caregivers reported better affect on days when they noticed more received support (recipient perspective), whereas the patients reported worse affect on days when they noticed more received support (recipient perspective) and/or when their caregivers reported higher provided support (provider perspective). Conclusion The effects of daily received support were not related to the levels of daily stress in patient-caregiver dyads after HCT. Also, the effects varied by role (benefits in the caregivers vs. harm in the patients) and perspective (similarities in the patients vs. differences in the caregivers).
Vestaite, (Ti4+Fe2+)Ti34+O9, a new mineral in the shocked eucrite Northwest Africa 8003

Our investigations on the shocked eucrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 8003 revealed the occurrence of a new mineral, vestaite [IMA 2017-068; (TiFe)Ti3 O9]. This mineral coexists with corundum, ilmenite, and Al-Ti-rich pyroxene in shock melt pockets. It has an empirical chemical formula of (Ti4+ 0.73 Fe2+ 0.63Al0.60Mn0.03Mg0.02Cr0.01)Ti3 O9 and the monoclinic C2/c structure of schreyerite. The ideal vestaite structure can be considered as a modular structure with an alternate intergrowth of M3O5-type (M = Ti4+,Fe2+,Al) and Ti2O4-type slabs. Alternatively, it can also be envisaged as a crystallographic shear structure with periodically shearing of rutile or a-PbO2 units. Streaking and splitting of diffraction spots observed in selected-area electron diffraction patterns indicate planar defects in the modular structure of vestaite. Our observations reveal that vestaite crystallized at high pressure (≤10 GPa) from a melt that represents a mixture of ilmenite and silicate components. A robust constraint on its formation conditions and stability field cannot yet be provided due to the lack of experimental data for these systems. Vestaite is a new, shock-generated mineral first found in a meteorite of the howarditeeucrite-diogenite (HED) clan, the largest achondrite group. Its discovery is not only of significance to the meteoritic mineralogy, but it could also be of interest to materials science.
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION LEVELS WITH FOLIAR SPRAY OF SILICON, CALCIUM AND AMINO ACIDS ON "THOMPSON SEEDLESS" GRAPEVINES. I. YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY

This study was conducted during two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 to evaluate the potential effects of different irrigation levels (30, 50 and 70% depleted of available soil water) after fruit set as well as four foliar applications of Control, Silicon spray at 1.5 g/L, Calcium nitrate at 1 g/L and Amino acids at 2 ml/L, which sprayed at 15-20 cm of shoot length and the second one after fruit set, then these were continuous every two weeks till veraison stage on yield and fruit quality of "Thompson seedless" (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines grown in clay soil under flow irrigation system in El-Mahalla, Gharbia Governorate. The obtained results revealed that, vines irrigated at 30 and 50% depleted from soil available water showed a significant increase in yield and fruit quality compared with 70% depleted from soil available water. The results cleared that, all foliar applications enhancing in all clusters and berries quality, especially with the use of amino acids sprays on cluster (weight and length) and berry (length, diameter and weight of 100 berries). Vines irrigated with 30 and 50% depleted from soil available water in combined with amino acids sprays showed a significant increase in yield and cluster characters (weight, length and number) and berry characters in terms of firmness, removal force, weight and volume of 100 berries. Moreover, foliar spray with calcium as well as silicon was very effective in reducing percentages of berries decay, cracking, wrinkled and berries shatter under all irrigation levels. However, the irrigation at 50% depleted from soil available water level increased berry SSC% and SSC/acid ratio and slightly decreased berry acidity%. Conclusively, the productivity of irrigation water was enhanced in vines irrigated at 50% depleted from soil available water, recommend it can reduce water irrigation by about 50% without losses in total yield with maintaining cluster and berry quality of "Thompson seedless" grape.
Growth of melon cultivated in coconut fiber under different concentrations of nutrient solution

To evaluate the effects of applying different concentrations of the nutrient solution macronutrients in growth of melon cultivated in coconut fiber it was conducted this experiment uses the ‘Galia’ melon (Cucumis melo L., hybrid Babilonia RZ F1). The experimental design was a randomized blocks utilizing five treatments, which corresponded to different concentrations of macronutrients in nutritive solutions (corresponding to different levels of nutrient solution macronutrients) based on the standard solution for the melon proposed by Furlani: 100 (control), 75, 50, 25, and 12.5%, applied in five replications. The concentration of 50% provided higher production of dry matter of the aerial part and leaf area. The absolute aerial part growth rate showed different tendencies for levels being that concentration of 50% produced the best results. The relative growth rate of the aerial part and assimilation rate of the aerial part decrease with time for all concentrations of the nutrient solutions tested.
Protest Structures: Responses From Nigerians in the United States to Police Brutality and #BlackLivesMatter Protests

This study examined how Nigerian immigrants communicated about, and got involved in, #BlackLivesMatter protests and/or advocacy due to racialized violence against Blacks in the United States during the summer of 2020. Using a qualitative open-ended questionnaire, a purposive sample of Nigerians (N = 70) was assembled. Constant comparative analysis revealed that communication about and participation in the BLM movement consisted of affective (feelings associated with protests), cognitive (psychological processes triggered by thinking about protests), and behavioral (actions and engagement in protests) responses. This process is labeled protest structures, a term that captures the socio-psychological processes that shape the communication of and involvement in protests and/or advocacy. We discuss further how social positioning impacts active participation in the fight for racial equality and social change.