Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cronoestratigrafía (Palinología) del Triásico Sudpirenaico y del Pirineo Vasco-Cantábrico

This paper presients a general chronostratigraphy of the south Py renean Triassic basi:d on palynological studies. The Triassic in Les Nogueres-Cadi and the Basque Country areas is divided into the Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk and Keuper facies and the Isabena Forrnation. The Conglomeratic, sandstone and lutitic Unit of the Buntsandstein in the Puerto dr Otxondo (Basque Country) presents Stellapollenites thiergartii and together with the absence of Praecirculina granifer, suggests a Lower-middle Anisian age. The Lutitic Unit of the Buntsandstein in Iguem, Sant Sebastia de Buseu and Baga (Les Nogueres- Cadi) presenits Illinites kosankeii and Stellapollenites thiergartii, and the absence of Praecirculina granifer, indicates a Lower Anisian age. The Muschelkailk in Hostalets (Les Nogueres) presents Camerosporites secatus, suggesting an upper Ladinian age. The transit zone between the Muschelkaik and the Keuper facies in Odkn (Cadi) shows a palynological assemblage with Patinasporites densus, Partitisporites quadruplicis and Staurosaccites quadrifidus, indicating a Camain age, possibly Middie-upper Camian. The lower part of the Keuper in Noguera de Tor and Adons, in the Les Nogueres area, presents a palynological assemblage with Classopollis, Granuloperculatipollis rudis, Ovalipollis ovalis, Praecirculina granifer and Triadispora. The abundance of Classopollis and the presence of Granul~p~erculatipollrius dis suggest a Norian age, possibly lower-middle. The upper part of the Keuper in La Nou (Pedraforca) is Rhaetian in age due to the presence of cf. Deltaidospora and cf. Taeniasporites. The base of tlie Isabena Formation in Noves de Segre presents Corollina zwolinskae and Cerebropollenites pseudomassulae, indicating a Rhaetian age. The palynological studies, together with the forarninifera and conodonta data, deteimine the existence of important stratigraphicc hiatuses in the south Pyrenean Triassic supercycle.
Preferencia por cebo de los escarabajos coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de un remanente de bosque seco tropical al norte del Tolima (Colombia)

Feeding and nesting tactics may limit the effects of species overlapping on one particular resource in a diverse community (Halffter & Edmonds, 1982). Diversity of feeding habits characterizes the dung beetle groups of the Neotropics, and undoubtedly contributes to to the high species richness of this region (Gill, 1991). Feeding habits determine some ecological aspects (Halffter, 1959) of scarabaeids, like behavior, distribution, morphology and development (Halffter & Matthews, 1966). This paper studies scarabaeine bait preferences in a dry forest patch and its surrounding matrix. 22 species were captured, with 6 new records for the area. The bait with the highest preference rating was omnivore dung, followed by carrion, fungi, cow dung and rotting fruit. The species with the highest abundance was Dichotomius ca. centralis, with 758 individuals and a copro-necrophagous diet. Its dominance was not restricted to the forested area, and significant numbers were found at the pasture matrix. Strict diet species like Deltochilum valgum agropyge were also collected. The dung beetle community observed was mostly generalist (71%), possibly due to the scarcity of excrement, which forces individuals to use other sources of food with a similar nutritional value.
Evaluation of hoof morphometry in normal and lame polo horses at Ibadan Polo Club.

This study evaluated the changes in hoof morphometric parameters between normal and lame polo horses. Cross-sectional survey of hoof morphometric parameters of polo horses was conducted at the Ibadan Polo club. Also, each horse was physically examined and severity of lameness scored based on the criteria by American Association of Equine Practitioners. Differences in morphometric parameters between sex, lameness status and shoeing status were analyzed using Student’s t test and values were considered significant at p< 0.05) higher in females (118.8 ± 9.3mm; 117.1 ± 8.3mm) than male horses (109.8 ± 6.1 mm; 106.8 ± 12.1 mm). Hoof wall angles did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the sexes. Majority of the hoof morphometric parameters were significantly (p< 0.05) higher in shod horses compared to unshod horses. In addition, the dorsal hoof wall angle of the right hind limb was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in lame (61.3 ± 11.50) than normal horses (53.6 ± 8.30). It was concluded that shoeing conditions and lameness significantly alters hoof morphometric parameters of polo horses.
The Power of Licorice (Radix glycyrrhizae) to Improve Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Properties and Clinical Implications

Licorice (Radix glycyrrhizae) is a plant root extract widely used in various applications, including cosmetics, food supplements, and traditional medicine. It has a long history of medicinal use in different cultures due to its diverse pharmacological properties. Licorice has traditionally been used for treating gastrointestinal problems, respiratory infections, cough, bronchitis, arthritis, and skin conditions. In recent years, the potential therapeutic benefits of licorice for oral health have gained significant interest. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of licorice extracts and their bioactive components on common oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontitis, halitosis, candidiasis, and recurrent aphthous ulcers. The chemical composition of licorice has shown the presence of several bioactive compounds such as glycyrrhizin, glabridin, isoliquiritigenin (ISL), and licochalcone exhibiting various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory effects. Interestingly, in certain patients, licorice has shown a promising potential to inhibit the spread of viruses, prevent biofilm formation, reduce inflammation, boost immune responses, alleviate pain, and exert antioxidative effects. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the current understanding of licorice’s therapeutic benefits in the treatment of oral ailments, emphasising its potential as an alternative treatment option for oral diseases. Further research is warranted to explore its efficacy, safety, and clinical applications using placebo-controlled clinical trials.
Solid waste management practice and challenges in Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria

Sustainable healthy living conditions depends on effective waste management. The aim of this study is to evaluate solid waste management practices and challenges in Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria. Three communities were administered three hundred questionnaires which were pre- tested and refined. The results shows that 56.7% of respondents are male while only about 43.3% are female and 70% of household heads are married. Organic waste/food waste had the highest percentage of 96.7% followed by plastic (90%). Empty can drinks recorded the highest percentage with (100%) across the study area. A Majority (73.3%) of the respondents strongly agreed and agreed that inadequate service coverage by waste managers could lead to waste management problems while 13.3% were undecided. 73.3% of the respondents strongly agreed and agreed that lack of trained personnel by waste managers could lead to waste management problems. A Majority (80%) and (83.3%) of the respondents strongly agreed and agreed that lack of vehicles and vehicle /equipment breakdown of waste managers could lead to waste management problems. 72% and 66.7% of the respondents strongly agreed and agreed that the lack of enforcement measures by government agencies and poor cooperation by government agencies on waste managers could lead to waste management problems. 86.7% of respondents considers that environmental degradation from solid waste affects their families while 96.7% of respondent agreed that waste litter the road, land and public area. Sapele locals require health education as well as regular garbage collection facilities at authorized final dump locations. These will encourage rigorous adherence to proper and appropriate waste management procedures among them.
The medusahead problem in Idaho.

N EDUSAHEAD, Elymus caput-medusae L. , is currently the worst AlV range weed in Idaho. It has gained this distinction because of its rapid migration, its vigorous competitive nature, and its extremely low forage value. In the absence of effective control measures, the medusahead problem is becoming more acute each year. The threat that the weed poses to Idaho's livestock industry is sufficient to merit grave concern. According to Abrams (1) medusahead is native to Europe. The same author points out that medusahead was first described by Linnaeus, in 1753. Thus, while the species is one of the earliest to be recorded by botanical science, it is a relatively recent introduction to the United States. Furbush (2) provides the earliest reference to medusahead in the United States by his account of a collection of the species made near Roseburg, Oregon, in 1887. St. John (9) noted another early collection of medusahead by G. R. Vasey near Steptoe, Washington, in 1901. The earliest authenticated specimen of medusahead in the University of Idaho Herbarium was collected in Owyhee County in 1946, by Ray J. Davis. However, ranchers in southwestern Idaho maintain that the weed was noticed in Gem County during the 1930 decade. Although the origin of medusahead in Idaho is obscure, the species has demonstrated that it is capable of rapid migration. In 1952, Sharp and Tisdale5 referred to a weed survey that indicated there were at least 30,000 acres of medusahead in Idaho. In 1955, Hironaka et al. (3) estimated that Idaho's medusahead infestation amounted to 150,000 acres. In 1959, the Bureau of Land Management6 reported 700,000 acres of the weed in southwestern Idaho. Idaho's largest medusahead infestation occurs in the southwestern part of the state (Figure 1). The recent survey by the Bureau of Land Management shows that the major portion of the infested area is in Gem, Payette, and Washington Counties. Smaller but
Effects of Goat Breed Improvement Program on Climate Change Resilience Among Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Zimbabwe

The goat breeding improvement program played a crucial role in addressing the challenges of climate change vulnerability among the smallholder farmers of climate change-vulnerable communities in Gokwe North district, Zimbabwe. Using cross-sectional data from 217 small-scale farmers in four randomly selected wards in the Gokwe North district of Zimbabwe, the study examined the effect of the program on households’ climate change adaptation capabilities using proxy variables including food security, asset acquisition, access to affordable credit, and enhanced business management competencies. Primary data were collected using questionnaires. Results show that there were gains in credit access, asset base improvements, food security and income. The evaluation established an excellent potential for sustainability or continued flow of benefits beyond the program’s lifetime, given the institutional capacity building implemented under the program. There were impacts regarding the program accruing positive changes in well-being, improved livelihoods, and community adaptation even in the face of climate change and an ever-changing economic policy environment. Gokwe North District can be further transformed, given the level of commercialisation of the goat project among the participating members of the community, if extension support is provided in a way that suits the farmers’ capacities to learn.
Solar cycle variations of thermospheric composition at the solstices

We examine the solar cycle variability of thermospheric composition (O/N2) at the solstices. Our observational and modeling studies show that the summer‐to‐winter latitudinal gradient of O/N2 is small at solar minimum but large at solar maximum; O/N2 is larger at solar maximum than at solar minimum on a global‐mean basis; there is a seasonal asymmetry in the solar cycle variability of O/N2, with large solar cycle variations in the winter hemisphere and small solar cycle variations in the summer hemisphere. Model analysis reveals that vertical winds decrease the temperature‐driven solar cycle variability in the vertical gradient of O/N2 in the summer hemisphere but increase it in the winter hemisphere; consequently, the vertical gradient of O/N2 does not change much in the summer hemisphere over a solar cycle, but it increases greatly from solar minimum to solar maximum in the winter hemisphere; this seasonal asymmetry in the solar cycle variability in the vertical gradient of O/N2 causes a seasonal asymmetry in the vertical advection of O/N2, with small solar cycle variability in the summer hemisphere and large variability in the winter hemisphere, which in turn drives the observed seasonal asymmetry in the solar cycle variability of O/N2. Since the equatorial ionization anomaly suppresses upwelling in the summer hemisphere and strengthens downwelling in the winter hemisphere through plasma‐neutral collisional heating and ion drag, locations and relative magnitudes of the equatorial ionization anomaly crests and their solar cycle variabilities can significantly impact the summer‐to‐winter gradients of O/N2 and their solar cycle variability.
What is social resilience? Lessons learned and ways forward

Over the last decade, a growing body of literature has emerged which is concerned with the question of what form a promising concept of social resilience might take. In this article we argue that social resilience has the potential to be crafted into a coherent analytic framework that can build on scientific knowledge from the established concept of social vulnerability, and offer a fresh perspective on today's challenges of global change. Based on a critical review of recently published literature on the issue, we propose to define social resilience as being comprised of three dimensions: 1. Coping capacities —Uiz ability of social actors to cope with and overcome all kinds of adversities; 2. Adaptive capacities — their ability to learn from past experiences and adjust themselves to future challenges in their everyday lives; 3. Transformative capacities — their ability to craft sets of institutions that foster individual welfare and sustainable societal robustness towards future crises. Viewed in this way, the search for ways to build social resilience — especially in the livelihoods of the poor and marginalized — is revealed to be not only a technical, but also a political issue.
GCM PERFORMANCE ON SIMULATING CLIMATOLOGICAL FACTORS IN YARLUNG ZANGBO RIVER BASIN BASED ON A RANKED SCORE METHOD

General Climate Models(GCM) present different regional adaptability.A ranked score method was used to evaluate performance of 20 GCM in simulating 9 climate variables over Yarlung Zangbo River basin.Well performed models were selected for each climatic element.Overall performance of different models was assessed.Data showed that INM:CM30,MIROC3. 2_M,ECHAM5,CGCM3. 1_T47 and CGCM3. 1_T63 performed better in simulating surface variables,ECHAM5,MIROC3. 2_H,ECHAM4,GFDL:CM21 and FGOALS:g10 were in good agreement with high-altitude variables.Overall evaluation indicated that ECHAM5,MIROC3. 2_H,MIROC3. 2_M,ECHAM4,GFDL:CM21 did better in representing climatological factors in Yarlung Zangbo River basin.Different combination of statistical metrics or climate variables had significant influence on the evaluation process.
Effect of Different Organic Amendments and Drought on the Growth and Yield of Basil in the Greenhouse

The addition of organic amendments has been shown to promote the germination, growth, and yields of plants. The aims of the study were to evaluate the effect of organic wastes (compost and vermicompost produced from municipal solid waste and manure) and biofertilizer on germination growth, yield and quality of basil which are an important medicinal plant. The experimental design for this study was a split–plot randomized complete design with four replicates. Main plot treatments were giving irrigation at 4–, 7– and 14–days interval, in each irrigation 200 ml water was applied per pot. Subplot treatments consisted addition of (a) 40 t compost ha -1 ; (b) 40 t vermicompost ha -1 ; (c) 40 t animal manure ha -1 ; (d) full recommended rates of inorganic fertilizer: biofertilizer along with 130–95–95 kg NPK ha -1 ; and (e) unamended soil (considered the control treatment). The effect of different fertilizer and drought stress on the final percentage of seedling emergence, the required time for 50% seedling emergence, the required time for maximum establishment, the average time of emergence, cumulative emergence rate, seedling emergence rate and seedling vigor index was evaluated. At the end of the pot experiment when plants reached commercial maturity (117 days), after the last measurement of plant height and number of leaves and lateral branch the Whole plants were cut at the soil surface. At the end of the pot experiment when plants reached commercial maturity, after the last measurement of plant height and number of leaves and lateral branch the Whole plants were cut to measuring the total dry and fresh weight of aerial part, dry weight of leaves and stems, as well as leaf area per pot. In addition to, the amount of essential oil in aerial parts and essential oil yield were investigated. The results of the experiment confirmed that organic and bio- fertilizers through improving soil physical and chemical properties increased seedlings germination of basil. Morphological characteristics of basil seedlings decreased from soil water potential of -0.3bar to -8 bar and the least morphological characteristics was occurred in the most severe drought stress (soil water potential of -8 bar). Organic and bio- fertilizers, due to the nutritional needs of plants increased the number of lateral branches and leaves per plants, plant height and dry weight of plants. Essential oil yield of aerial parts were influenced by different fertilizer and the drought stress. Among different fertilizer, essential oil content exhibited the greatest amount in organic fertilizer (compost, vermicompost and manure), while in drought stress treatments, soil water potential of -8 bar revealed the greatest essential oil content.
The Halting Effect of Baroclinicity in Vortex Merging

Abstract We study the quasigeostrophic merging dynamics of axisymmetric baroclinic vortices to understand how baroclinicity affects merging rates and the development of the nonlinear cascade of enstrophy. The initial vortices are taken to simulate closely the horizontal and vertical structure of Gulf Stream rings. A quasigeostrophic model is set with a horizontal resolution of 9 km and 6 vertical levels to resolve the mean stratification of the Gulf Stream region. The results show that the baroclinic merging is slower than the purely barotropic process. The merging is shown to occur in two phases: the first, which produces clove-shaped vortices and diffusive mixing of vorticity contours; and the second, which consists of the sliding of the remaining vorticity cores with a second diffusive mixing of the internal vorticity field. Comparison among Nof, Cushman–Roisin, Polvani et al., and Dewar and Killworth merging events indicates a substantial agreement in the kinematics of the process. Parameter sensitivi.
Sixteen years of Florida Current Transport at 27° N

Daily transports of the Florida Current have been inferred since 1982 through the use of submerged submarine telephone cables that measure the voltage difference across the Straits of Florida. Using all sixteen years of data, the annual cycle ranges from a minimum of 30 Sv in January, to a maximum of 33.5 Sv in July. The annual cycle is not stable throughout the entire period however: the first eight years show a slightly larger peak‐to‐peak annual range of 5 Sv, while the second eight years have a semi‐annual cycle with a distinct minimum in July and peak‐to‐peak range of 4 Sv. Filtered Florida Current transports contain a two to three year variation between 2 and 3 Sv in amplitude and a decadal variation of about ±2 Sv. The decadal changes in the Florida Current transport are significantly correlated (R=0.75 at 95% significance) to the North Atlantic Oscillation Index.
Youth Employability programmes in South Africa: Which features work best and for whom?

ABSTRACT This article analyses a subset of eight youth employability programmes (YEPs) operating across South Africa using a panel survey of participants. It assesses the features of these YEPs and their links to subsequent employment while controlling for individual characteristics. Each YEP delivered technical and soft skills training, alongside other programme features offered in different combinations. Additionally, a financial capability intervention comprising financial literacy and access to a savings product was randomised to half of the training sites. Job matching, soft skills training, and financial capability are all strongly associated with better employment odds. The strength of these associations depends on how different training components are combined, and on graduates’ education level and area of residence. The findings have implications for the design of active labour market policies in developing countries with large youth unemployment and fast-changing labour markets.
Effect of partial replacement of agro-industrial by-products for maize on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood profile and economy of production in local Turkey

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating three agro-industrial by-products as partial substitutes for maize on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood profile, and economic efficiency in local Turkey. The study, which spanned a duration of fifty-six (56) days, was executed in a completely randomized design (CRD). A total of forty-eight (48) day-old local turkey poults were employed, and they were randomly assigned to four (4) dietary treatments of 12 poults per treatment, and replicated 3 times with 4 poults per replicate. The experimental diets, which contained three agro-industrial by-products, namely maize offal (MO), rice milling residue (RMR), and brewers' dried grain (BDG), were formulated with an inclusion level of 30% each of agro in by-products in the diets. At the starter phase, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the final weight gain, and average daily weight gain (ADWG), with higher values for final weight, average daily weight gain, and lower feed conversion ratio being recorded as 664.83, 14.57, 14.56, and 3.37g/bird respectively, at T3. The final weight, average daily weight gain (ADWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) at the grower phase were not significantly different (P>0.05). However, T4 diet (30% BDG) had the highest final weight, but the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.42 was recorded at T1 (30% MO. The live weight, dress weight, carcass weight, dress percentage, breast, thigh, wings, back, neck, drumstick, liver, heart, and gizzard were not significantly different (P>0.05) among treatment groups, except kidney, which was significantly different (p<0.05) among the treatment groups. The haematological parameters measured, including packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and white blood cell (WBC), were all significantly (P<0.05) different. However, haemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) were not significantly different (P>0.05). The feed cost decreased as 30% level of each of the three agro-industrial by-products replaced maize in this study. Feed cost (N/Kg gain) followed the same trend. The findings revealed that T4 (30% BDG) was more economical for feeding turkey than the control diet (T1) containing 100% of maize and the other treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that the replacement of maize with up to 30% BDG will offer improved growth performance, pose no health risk to turkeys, and reduce the cost of production.