Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cohort Trends in Working Life Expectancies at Age 50 in the United States: A Register-Based Study Using Social Security Administration Data

Abstract Objectives Little is known about the length of working life, even though it is a key indicator for policy-makers. In this paper, we study how the length of working life at age 50 has developed in the United States from a cohort perspective. Methods We use a large longitudinal sample of U.S. Social Security register data that covers close to 1.7 million individuals of the cohorts born from 1920 to 1965. For all of these cohorts, we study the employment trajectories and working life expectancy (WLE) at age 50 by gender and nativity (native-born/foreign-born). For the cohorts with employment trajectories that are only incompletely observed, we borrow information from older cohorts to predict their WLE. Results The length of working life has been increasing for the native-born males and females, and the younger cohorts worked longer than the older cohorts. However, WLE might soon peak, and then stall. The gap in WLE between the native-born and the foreign-born has increased over time, although latter group might be able to catch up in the coming years. Discussion Our ﬁndings show that studying employment from a cohort perspective reveals crucial information about patterns of working life. The future development of the length of working life should be a major concern for policy-makers.
DWI-Based Algorithm to Predict Disability in Patients Treated with Thrombectomy for Acute Stroke

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The reasons for poor clinical outcome after thrombectomy for acute stroke, concerning around half of all patients, are misunderstood. We developed a hierarchic algorithm based on DWI to better identify patients at high risk of disability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our single-center, retrospective study included consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent thrombectomy for large anterior artery occlusion and underwent pretreatment DWI. The primary outcome was the mRS at 3 months after stroke onset. Multivariable regression was used to identify independent clinical and imaging predictors of poor prognosis (mRS > 2) at 3 months, and a hierarchic algorithm predictive of disability was developed. RESULTS: A total of 149 patients were analyzed. In decreasing importance, DWI lesion volume of >80 mL, baseline NIHSS score of >14, age older than 75 years, and time from stroke onset to groin puncture of >4 hours were independent predictors of poor prognosis. The predictive hierarchic algorithm developed from the multivariate analysis predicted the risk of disability at 3 months for up to 100% of patients with a high predictive value. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.87. CONCLUSIONS: The DWI-based hierarchic algorithm we developed is highly predictive of disability at 3 months after thrombectomy and is easy to use in routine practice.
Noncoding SNPs influence a distinct phase of Polycomb silencing to destabilize long-term epigenetic memory at Arabidopsis FLC

In this study, Questa et al. studied natural variation in Arabidopsis response to cold and warm temperatures and identify an additional phase in the Polycomb silencing mechanism, downstream from H3K27me3 spreading. Their findings reveal an additional phase in the Polycomb silencing mechanism needed for subsequent reactivation and provides avenues to dissect broader evolutionary changes at FLC.
Analysis of Undergraduate Nursing Students' Sensitivity to Microethical Dilemmas During Simulation.

BACKGROUND Simulation can extend ethics education in undergraduate nursing programs beyond the cognitive domain. However, the degree to which nursing students recognize and respond to microethical dilemmas in simulation is unknown. METHOD Using a mixed-methods convergent parallel design, 68 third- and fourth-year undergraduate nursing students completed a sensitivity questionnaire. Twelve students also participated in an interview. Data were compared to create meaning. RESULTS Many students reported having a high level of ethical sensitivity toward microethical dilemmas during simulation. However, some students expressed uncertainty in their ability to identify microethical dilemmas during nurse-patient interactions. Students also reported limited confidence in being able to transfer their ethical knowledge to the practice setting. CONCLUSION Nurse educators must be moral agents during simulated learning experiences by helping students learn what microethical dilemmas are and strategies to manage them. [J Nurs Educ. 2020;59(2):88-92. ].
General Explicit Mathematical Solution for the Voltammetry of Nonunity Stoichiometry Electrode Reactions: Diagnosis criteria in Cyclic Voltammetry.

Electrochemical reactions can effectively follow nonunity stoichiometries as can be found in the electrochemistry of halides, hydrogen and metal complexes. The voltammetric response of these systems shows peculiar deviations with respect to the well-described features of the 1:1 stoichiometry. With the aim of specifying such differences, a rigorous and manageable analytical theory is deduced for the complete characterization of reversible electrode processes with complex stoichiometry in cyclic voltammetry (CV) at macroelectrodes. Particularly, the main features of the CV of 2:1, 1:2, 3:1 and 1:3 processes (that is, the peak currents and potentials and the influence of the scan rate and of the species concentration and diffusion coefficients) are given and compared with the 1:1 case in order to propose unambiguous diagnostic criteria of the stoichiometry of the electrode reaction. Also, expressions for the concentration profiles and surface concentrations of the redox species are given.
The locomotor musculature and posture of the early dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis provides a new look into the evolution of Dinosauromorpha

It is widely accepted that ornithodirans (bird lineage) and some pseudosuchians (crocodilian lineage) achieved fully erect limb posture in different ways. Ornithodirans have buttress‐erected hindlimbs, while some advanced pseudosuchians have pillar‐erected hindlimbs. Analysis of the musculoskeletal apparatus of the early dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis challenges this view. This ornithodiran had pillar‐erected hindlimbs like some pseudosuchians. This condition could be autapomorphic or represents a transitional state between adductor‐controlled limb posture of early dinosauromorphs and the buttress‐erected hindlimbs of dinosaurs. This sequence of changes is supported by Triassic tracks left by animals of the dinosaurian lineage. It was associated with the strong development of knee flexors and extensors. Furthermore, the forelimbs of Silesaurus were fully erect, analogously to those of early sauropods. Members of both lineages reduced the muscles related to the protraction, retraction and bending of the limb. They used forelimbs more as a body support and less for propulsion. A similar scapula and humerus construction can be found in the Lagerpetidae and Lewisuchus, suggesting that long, slender, fully erected forelimbs are primitive for all Dinosauromorpha, not just Silesauridae. Early dinosaurs redeveloped several muscle attachments on the forelimb, probably in relation to bipedality.
Neurocognitive and psychiatric markers for addiction: Common vs. specific endophenotypes for heroin and amphetamine dependence.

BACKGROUND The differential utility of neurocognitive impulsivity and externalizing/internalizing traits as putative endophenotypes for dependence on heroin vs. amphetamine is unclear. OBJECTIVE This exploratory study aims to determine: (1) whether neurocognitive impulsivity dimensions and externalizing/internalizing traits are correlated between siblings discordant for heroin and amphetamine dependence; and (2) which of these associations are common across substances and which are substance-specific. METHODS Pearson correlations between individuals with 'pure' heroin and amphetamine dependence and their unaffected biological siblings (n = 37 heroin sibling pairs; n = 30 amphetamine sibling pairs) were run on 10 neurocognitive measures, 6 externalizing measures, and 5 internalizing measures. Sibling pair effects were further examined using regression. RESULTS Siblings discordant for heroin dependence were significantly correlated on delay aversion on the Cambridge Gambling Task, risk-taking on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, sensation seeking, and hopelessness. Siblings discordant for amphetamine dependence were significantly correlated on quality of decision-making on the Cambridge Gambling Task, discriminability on the Immediate Memory Task, commission errors on the Go/No Go Task, trait impulsivity, ADHD, and anxiety sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Dimensions of impulsivity and externalizing/internalizing traits appear to aggregate among siblings discordant for substance dependence. Risk-taking propensity, sensation seeking, and hopelessness were specific for heroin sibling pairs. Motor/action impulsivity, trait impulsivity, and anxiety sensitivity were specific to amphetamine sibling pairs. Decisional/choice impulsivity was common across both heroin and amphetamine sibling pairs. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of neurocognitive impulsivity and externalizing/ internalizing traits as candidate endophenotypes for substance dependence in general and for substance-specific dependencies.
Immune response of macrophages on super-hydrophilic TiO2 nanotube arrays

Macrophages are attracting increasing attention in promoting implant-mediated osteogenesis by modulating the microenvironment of the implant site. Biomaterial surface properties including topography and wettability regulate macrophage responses to influence tissue repair. The objective of our present study was to investigate the effects of hydrogenated titanium dioxide nanotube surfaces on the immune response of macrophages in vitro. Hydrogenated titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesized on Ti surfaces by anodic oxidation and hydrogenation to form super-hydrophilic nanotubular surfaces. Macrophages were seeded directly onto three substrates (hydrogenated TNTs (H2-TNTs), air-annealed TNTs, and commercially pure Ti substrates) and grown under standard or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated culture conditions. Cell proliferation and viability were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 and live/dead staining at 24 and 48 h. Secretion and expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated at 24 and 48 h to determine whether the surfaces elicited differential macrophage behaviors. Gene expression of the M1/M2 surface markers of macrophages was analyzed to assess the effect of the H2-TNT surface on macrophage polarization. The results showed that hydrogenation of the TNT surface resulted in a super-hydrophilic substrate, which exhibited markedly improved wettability attributable to the formation of oxygen vacancies in the nanotubes. The H2-TNT group induced a significantly lower macrophage proliferation rate and up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and transforming growth factor-β1) irrespective of lipopolysaccharide stimulation, while alleviating the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and macrophage chemotactic protein-1) induced by lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, the H2-TNT surface elicited up-regulated gene expression of M2 surface markers and down-regulation of M1 surface markers. We concluded that the hydrogenated TNT surface modulated macrophage immune responses, which could be useful in accelerating inflammation resolution and facilitating tissue repair.
In Hospital Complications of Atrial Septal Defect Device Closure at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.

BACKGROUND Atrial deptal defect device closure has become the preferred method in the treatment of atrial septal defect. We aim to study the in-hospital complications of atrial septal defect device closure procedure. METHODS It was a single center, retrospective study conducted from Febuary 2016 to January 2019. Cardiac catheterization laboratory records of all consecutive patients who underwent atrial septal defect device closure was included and the in-hospital complications were been retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS During the study period, a total of 566 patients were attempted for device closure. In 557 (98.4%) of cases device was implanted. Among the 557 patient in which device was implanted 401(71.9%) were female. Age ranged from 5 years to 72 years with the mean of 30.9 years. Transient ST segment elevation 15 (2.6 %)was the commonest complication followed by pericardial tamponade 4 (0.7%), and cardiac arrhythmias 3 (0.5%). CONCLUSIONS Atrial deptal defect device closure can be done safely with a high success rate and a low complication rate.
Late disruption of central visual field disrupts peripheral perception of form and color

Evidence from neuroimaging and brain stimulation studies suggest that visual information about objects in the periphery is fed back to foveal retinotopic cortex in a separate representation that is essential for peripheral perception. The characteristics of this phenomenon have important theoretical implications for the role fovea-specific feedback might play in perception. In this work, we employed a recently developed behavioral paradigm to explore whether late disruption to central visual space impaired perception of color. In the first experiment, participants performed a shape discrimination task on colored novel objects in the periphery while fixating centrally. Consistent with the results from previous work, a visual distractor presented at fixation ~100ms after presentation of the peripheral stimuli impaired sensitivity to differences in peripheral shapes more than a visual distractor presented at other stimulus onset asynchronies. In a second experiment, participants performed a color discrimination task on the same colored objects. In a third experiment, we further tested for this foveal distractor effect with stimuli restricted to a low-level feature by using homogenous color patches. These two latter experiments resulted in a similar pattern of behavior: a central distractor presented at the critical stimulus onset asynchrony impaired sensitivity to peripheral color differences, but, importantly, the magnitude of the effect was stronger when peripheral objects contained complex shape information. These results show a behavioral effect consistent with disrupting feedback to the fovea, in line with the foveal feedback suggested by previous neuroimaging studies.
Falling Short: The State’s Role in Workplace Safety and Health

The state plays a major role in occupational safety and health in the United States, impacting all aspects including resources, training, research, standard setting, and enforcement. Howard Waitzkin has challenged public health activists to rethink their understanding of the State and to replace the dominant pluralist view with a conception that serves as the theory for more effective public health action to improve the health of working people. This paper is a response to Waitzkin’s challenge utilizing a framework that views the State as a reflection of the relationship and power dynamics between capital and labor, within the confines of institutions, policies, and laws organized to protect and maintain the capitalist system. A historical review of safety and health since the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 in the context of the capitalist state serves as the basis for suggestions as to how this might shape safety and health advocates’ strategy.
The prevalence and significance of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in acute medical admissions

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) affects 3·2% of adults aged >50 years. MGUS carries a life‐long risk of progression to multiple myeloma and causes complications including infection and renal impairment; common causes of hospital admission. This study aimed to assess MGUS prevalence in emergency medical hospital admissions. Patients were recruited from unselected emergency medical admissions in a hospital in the United Kingdom. Serum protein electrophoresis was performed, with immunofixation of abnormal results. Reason for admission and routine test results were recorded. After education about MGUS and myeloma, patients chose whether they wished to be informed of new diagnoses. A total of 660 patients were tested and 35 had a paraprotein suggestive of MGUS. The overall rate of MGUS was 5·3%. MGUS prevalence in those aged >50 years was 6·94%, higher than the previously published rate of 3·2% (P < 0·0005). There were higher rates in those with chronic kidney disease (13·75% vs. 4·14%, P = 0·002), heart failure (14% vs. 4·59%, P = 0·012), anaemia (8·96% vs. 3·41%, P = 0·003) or leucocytosis (9·33% vs. 3·04%, P = 0·002). In all, 96% of patients wished to be informed of their screening results. The prevalence of MGUS in emergency hospital admissions is higher than expected based on previous population‐based rates. This may suggest a selected population for screening.
Circulating long noncoding RNAs H19 and GAS5 are associated with type 2 diabetes but not with diabetic retinopathy: A preliminary study

Recently, a wide range of biological and pathological roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered. However, the potential role of circulating lncRNAs H19 and GAS5 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) is not clear. Here, we assessed the plasma levels of H19 and GAS5 lncRNAs in T2DM patients with/without DR and evaluated if H19 and GAS5 pre-treatment plasma levels are a predictor of early response to a single aflibercept dose in DR subgroup. Plasma lncRNA expression profiles of 119 T2DM patients (66 with DR and 53 without DR) and 110 healthy controls were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The association of lncRNA expression profiles with clinical features and aflibercept early response in DR patients was investigated. Relative H19 expression levels were significantly increased in T2DM group (including DR and non-DR subgroups) vs. controls, while GAS5 levels were decreased in T2DM group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in H19 and GAS5 expression levels between DR and non-DR subgroups. H19 and GAS5 expression profiles were not significantly correlated with clinical parameters or response to aflibercept therapy in DR subgroup. Our findings indicate that the circulating lncRNAs H19 and GAS5 may be associated with T2DM prevalence but may not have an important diagnostic/prognostic role in DR or early response to aflibercept intravitreal injection in DR patients. Large-scale transcriptomic studies are warranted to validate our results and investigate other lncRNA candidates in T2DM.
Performance of Facial Expression Classification Tasks in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAS).

STUDY OBJECTIVES People show a facial recognition speed advantage, termed positive classification advantage (PCA), when judging whether a facial expression is happy compared to angry or sad. This study investigated emotional face recognition by patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) with impaired neurocognition. METHODS Thirty-four patients with OSAS and 26 healthy control patients who underwent 1 night of polysomnographic evaluation before recruitment were asked to complete an emotion recognition task. Accuracy rates and reaction times were recorded and analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS When participants were asked to classify positive (happy) versus negative (sad) emotional expressions, the phenomenon of PCA disappeared. Importantly, however, compared with the control patients who showed PCA, patients with OSAS identified sad faces faster but were similar in happy face processing. CONCLUSION In accordance with previous studies that showed depressive emotion in patients with OSAS, our results indicate that patients with OSAS show negative bias in facial expression recognition, which might lead to decline in ability of social communication.
Effect of Meniscal Ramp Lesion Repair on Knee Kinematics, Bony Contact Forces, and In Situ Forces in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Response

analysis and study of secondary meniscectomy rates following 769 ramp repairs. Am J Sports Med. 2018;46(13):3189-3197. 20. Vieira TD, Pioger C, Frank F, et al. Arthroscopic dissection of the distal semimembranosus tendon: an anatomical perspective on posteromedial instability and ramp lesions. Arthrosc Tech. 2019;8(9): e987-e991. 21. Yoon KH, Yoo JH, Kim K-I. Bone contusion and associated meniscal and medial collateral ligament injury in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011;93(16):1510-1518.
ISG20 serves as a potential biomarker and drives tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignancies and lacks reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, which results in high incidence and mortality rates of ccRCC. In this study, ISG20, HJURP, and FOXM1 were identified as hub genes via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Cox regression analysis. Samples validation showed that only ISG20 was up-regulated in ccRCC. Therefore, ISG20 was selected for further study. High ISG20 expression was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival. Furthermore, the expression of ISG20 could effectively differentiate ccRCC from normal tissues and was positively correlated to clinical stages. Functional experiments proved that knockdown of ISG20 expression could obviously inhibit cell growth, migration, and invasion in ccRCC cells. To find the potential mechanisms of ISG20, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed and revealed that high expression of ISG20 was significantly involved in metastasis and cell cycle pathways. In addition, we found that ISG20 could regulate the expression of MMP9 and CCND1. In conclusion, these findings suggested that ISG20 promoted cell proliferation and metastasis via regulating MMP9/CCND1 expression and might serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in ccRCC.