Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vampire

ocean. Curtained windows conceal domestic interiors, reflecting back a banal sameness from the viewer’s side. But we also notice that what is reflected is precisely what the viewer does not see from his or her vantage point. Pratt’s rendering appears factual and objective, but that reflection in the window takes note of a subjective side. What we see always reflects, in part, ourselves. This confrontation with the viewing self is not confined to reflective surfaces in Pratt’s paintings. When he turns to exterior views — the sweep of ocean beyond a window, the curve of windswept highway, a dwelling in swirling snow — Pratt challenges us with a psychological landscape most of all. The “driving to Venus” paintings show us a hypnotic road, the alluring Evening Star, the mystery of approaching headlights or a curve ahead, and we are transported to an inner space, as in the quietly terrifying Pedestrian Tunnel (1991), in which an underground walkway dips down and disappears from view. There is no end, it seems, to the vortex of self-reflection, but at least Pratt gives us order, precision and mathematical calculation to cling to. There is no expressionistic hysteria here, despite a claustrophobic overlay of dread. Those who are automatically depressed by emptiness or, unlike Pratt, have little tolerance for solitude, may find this body of work not merely austere but distinctly bleak. Some may be frustrated by Pratt’s liking for compositions that thwart our view. March Night (1976) confronts us with a wall of clapboard siding that occupies almost the entire canvas with no declaration of what stands before, beside, or behind — aside from a narrow escape route for the eye, an empty space on the right through which a treeline is silhouetted in the far distance. In other canvases, windows are placed too high to see through, giving us a cruel idea of a view, and through glass doorways we see fog or shadows merely. On the other hand, these devices of containment seem to express a desire for open space, a longing for possibility. And it seems that these are not unattainable desires: some of Pratt’s windows open onto a serene and limitless ocean or an indigo, starlit sky. Although Pratt’s art is absolutely imbued with a sense of place, it does not yield to sentimentalism or cliché; this is a contemporary, unidealized Newfoundland that he presents. There are no folkloric dories here, but gleaming industrial boats, along with warehouses, suburbs, highways, and a hydro station beside which a captured river roils. There are references to the past, but elegy is restrained. The viewer confronts the disappointments of postConfederation Newfoundland in a stripped-down form, without rhetoric or high emotion. Even in an overtly political painting, the recent Winter at Whiteway (2004), the painfully emblematic objects depicted on a wharf — an oil drum, life buoy, cod table, and the shreds of a Canadian flag — are, Pratt claims, just as he found them on a trip to Trinity Bay. Beneath the reticent surface of these paintings is a passion for Newfoundland and a profound understanding of
Specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content as alternative predictors of plant strategies

A key element of most recently proposed plant strategy schemes is an axis of resource capture, usage and availability. In the search for a simple, robust plant trait (or traits) that will allow plants to be located on this axis, specific leaf area is one of the leading contenders. Using a large new unpublished database, we examine the variability of specific leaf area and other leaf traits, the relationships between them, and their ability to predict position on the resource use axis. Specific leaf area is found to suffer from a number of drawbacks; it is both very variable between replicates and much influenced by leaf thickness. Leaf dry-matter content (sometimes referred to as tissue density) is much less variable, largely independent of leaf thickness and a better predictor of location on an axis of resource capture, usage and availability. However, it is not clear how useful dry matter content will be outside northwest Europe, and in particular in dry climates with many succulents.
Avaliação em casa de vegetação do uso de sorgo, milheto e crotalária no manejo de Meloidogyne javanica

A rotacao de cultura pode desempenhar um importante papel no manejo de nematoides fitoparasitos, dependendo da disponibilidade de culturas economicas que lhes sejam nao hospedeiras ou mas hospedeiras. Como alternativa, culturas de cobertura ou adubos verdes podem ser utilizados em sucessao com as culturas economicas de verao. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, em casa de vegetacao, a reacao de hibridos e cultivares comerciais de sorgos (Sorghum bicolor) granifero e silageiro ao nematoide Meloidogyne javanica, e estimar seu efeito na populacao do nematoide, em comparacao ao milheto (Pennisetum glaucum; mau hospedeiro), Crotalaria spectabilis e C. juncea, nao hospedeiras. Com base em dois experimentos comparando diversos hibridos e cultivares de sorgo, estabeleceu-se que, como regra geral, o sorgo granifero e mau hospedeiro e o silageiro, bom hospedeiro de M. javanica; porem o sorgo silageiro BRS 601 foi excecao. Em outros experimentos, o sorgo granifero, o milheto BN 2, Crotalaria spectabilis Comum e C. juncea IAC-KR-1 reduziram a densidade de M. javanica no solo e os sorgos silageiros aumentaram.
Effect of two different temperatures on the biology of predatory flower bug Orius similis Zheng (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) with two different aphid species as prey

Summary The predatory flower bug Orius similis Zheng (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) is an indigenous predator of aphids, thrips and spider mites from China. The present study investigated the effects of low and high temperatures (18 and 30°C) on biology of O. similis with Aphis gossypii Glover and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) as prey in the laboratory. The duration of embryonic and nymphal development as well as total percentage mortality during the development decreased with ascending temperature between 18 and 30°C. Maximum longevity was recorded at 18°C with A. gossypii as prey with a mean of 100.1 days for mated females. The longevity of the predator was significantly longer on 10% honey emulsion than other nutritional sources. The daily oviposition was ranged from 1.0 (18°C) to 6.9 (30°C) eggs/day with A. gossypii and M. persicae as prey, respectively.
Comparison of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Methods for Characterizing Microbial Communities

Fatty acid profiling is a popular method for characterizing microbial communities of natural systems. Direct extraction of microbial fatty acids in situ would be useful compared with methods that extract lipids first and subsequently release fatty acids from lipids. In this study, two methods for the direct extraction of fatty acids from soils were compared for three cultivated silt loams and one forested sandy clay loam. Fresh soils were analyzed for their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles by an ester-linked (EL) method and the method of MIDI (Microbial ID, Inc., Newark, DE). Soils were stored four different ways (moist at 4°C, moist at -20°C, air-dried at 25°C, and partially dry at 4°C) and analyzed for FAME profile changes after 30 and 90 d of storage. Eleven and 17 FAMEs were unique to the EL and MIDI method, respectively, but unique FAMEs generally were found in only minute amounts. Soils extracted with the MIDI method yielded more hydroxy FAMEs and short-chain saturated and branched FAMEs. Conversely, EL-extracted soils generally produced more long-chain saturated and branched FAMEs, unsaturated FAMEs, and FAMEs with cyclopropane and methyl groups. Both extraction methods were able to differentiate among communities of different soil types, regardless if soils were fresh or stored. Changes in FAME profiles did occur in stored soils, but the effectiveness of each storage protocol for preserving FAME patterns over time was different among the four soils. While community analyses should be conducted on fresh soil, overall effects of storage were slight compared with those of extraction method and soil type.
Present status and fish seed production of the hatcheries of six upazilas of Rajshahi District

An investigation was conducted during the period from March to December, 2009 to know the status and fish seed production of the hatcheries of six upazilas of Rajshahi district. All the hatcheries were established during 1968 to 2003. The occupations of the hatchery owners are hatchery business and others. Training status of the hatchery owners shows that in maximum cases they had no training and other cases had short term training, consulting with UFO etc. Funding source was self and loan, land ownership was own and lease. Fish disease occurs seldomly. The area of hatchery buildings ranged from 5 to 33 decimals. The water carrying capacity of overhead tanks ranged from 9091.90 to 409135.5 liter. The volume of each cistern ranged from 1.73 m 3 to 3.93 m 3 . The volume of circular breeding and hatching tanks, varied from 2.48 m 3 to 4.02 m 3 and 1.72 m 3 to 3.14 m 3 . The volume of each incubation tank (bottle) ranged from 1.52 m 3 to 1.08 m 3 . The number of permanent workers ranged from 2 to 6 in all seasons. Six native species (rui, catla, mrigel, calibaush, bata and gonia) and six exotic species (silvercarp, bighead carp, grass carp, common carp, Thai pangus and Thai puti) were used for seed production. Two types of hormonal injections, such as Pituitary Gland (PG) and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) were used for this purpose. Average fry production were for rui, 140.38 ± 127.02 kg, catla, 37.25 ± 29.24 kg, mrigel, 105.63 ± 54.84 kg, calibaush, 13.50 ± 5.75 kg, gonia, 32 ± 0 kg, bata, 166 ± 113.27 kg, silvercarp, 132.38 ± 96.32 kg, bighead carp, 120.71 ± 116.62 kg, grass carp, 31 ± 11.53 kg, common carp, 140.83 ± 93.83 kg, Thai pangus, 10 ± 0 kg, Thai puti, 42.33 ± 33.71 kg was recorded in some surveyed private hatcheries. The total fry production in some surveyed hatcheries ranged from 85 to 1698 kg with an average of 662.75 ± 513.83 kg. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0. 10743 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 29-32
Zinc and phosphorus fertilization of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hoechst).

Crambe, a winter crop with high oil content, is a source of raw material for the biodiesel production. This crop deserves attention from agriculture because of the short cycle ranging from 90 to 100 days. This work was conducted in Cascavel Municipal District, Parana State, Brazil, in udic dystrophic oxisol. The aim was to verify the fertilizer effects of phosphorus (0,40, 80 and 120 kg ha -1 ) and zinc (0 and 80 g ha -1 ) in crambe crop development. Super phosphate was applied on the seedling time and foliar spraying of zinc sulphate was done at 35 days after emergency. The results showed that leaf application of zinc did not cause modifications in the vegetative and reproductive development of crambe, however, the phosphorus applied on seedling stage increased oil content and a thousand grain mass and consequently also increased crambe yield in two cropping years.
Swimming behaviour and target strength of isada krill (Euphausia pacifica)

The swimming angle of isada krill (Euphausia pacifica Hansen) was measured in a tank and the target strength (TS) values were calculated using a theoretical scattering model. The average swimming angle was 30.4° (s.d.=19.9°), which was about 15° less than that reported for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Parameters for the swimming angle distribution were substituted into the straight cylinder model and the corresponding TS values were determined. The mean TS values of 16.4 mm isada krill for hovering animals were lower than the maximum TS; differences were 7.8-5.0 dB, 14.8-8.6 dB, and 18.1-10.8 dB at 50, 120, and 200 kHz, respectively. These differences will lead to a 1/6-1/3, 1/30-1/7, and 1/65-1/12 proportional difference, respectively, in estimating abundances compared to estimates based on the maximum TS. Measurements carried out at higher frequencies are more influenced by swimming angle than those at lower frequencies. However, the TS is less at lower frequencies and it is more difficult to filter out noise. Thus, medium frequencies are suggested as the best for krill surveys. Additionally, when conducting resource surveys by echosounding, it is necessary to assign the appropriate swimming angles for different targets. Swimming angles need to be investigated further under a variety of conditions.
Sexual Reproduction and Early Plant Growth of the Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis), a Rare and Threatened Australian Conifer

The two known populations of the recently discovered rare and threatened Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis Jones, Hill and Allen) consist of a small number of large multi-stemmed adult trees and small seedlings. Female and male cones are produced on adult trees with pollen release occurring in spring (October‐November). Seed cones mature 16‐19 months later in late summer and autumn and appear to be produced annually. Approximately 10% of seed produced in two consecutive years was viable, 25% of which was damaged by animals. Glasshouse studies showed that seed germination at 25 ∞C (day)}16 ∞C (night) proceeded slowly but steadily at approx. 4% per week until, after 6 months, 88% of apparently viable seed had germinated with the remainder of the seed rotting. Growth of potted seedlings in this temperature regime was continuous (after a lag period of 4‐6 months) with the monopodial axis growing 0‐05‐0‐25 m in the first year, 0‐5‐0‐6 m in the second year and 0‐25‐0‐35 m in the third year, attaining a total height of 0‐8‐1‐2 m. Multiple orthotropic shoots developed on some plants at this stage, some of which outgrew the primary shoot in height. The diameter of the stem below the cotyledon (just above the soil) grew 3‐7 mm in the first year, 10‐14 mm in the second and 15‐20 mm in the third at which time it was 25‐34 mm. The average number of lateral branches produced was five‐17 in the first year, 25‐36 in the second year and 24‐30 in the third year giving a total of 60‐77. The establishment of Wollemi Pine in the wild does not appear limited by the inherent viability of seed and potential for early growth of seedlings. # 1999 Annals of Botany Company
The Effect of Value-Creation on Consumer-Based Destination Brand Equity

The present work examines the competitive strategies of tourist destinations and proposes that value-creation among tourists during their entire experience of a destination (before, during, and after their stay) is an antecedent of increased destination brand equity. This value-creation is conceptualized and measured from the service-dominant logic perspective. The research objective is achieved by (a) identifying the dimensions of customer-based destination brand equity and tourist value-creation; (b) validating the scales generated for the measurement of both variables; and (c) proposing a model that captures the antecedent effect of value-creation on customer-based destination brand equity. The findings reveal that value-creation is an antecedent by which the customer perceives greater destination brand equity. The results of the study make a contribution to the specialized literature on tourism and service-dominant logic and offer interesting implications for the professional domain.
Silage and milk production, a comparison between grass silages made with and without formic acid.

Two grass sUages made in June and two made in September, all from the same field, were compared in a 16-week winter-feeding experiment with 12 Ayrshire cows. The silages were fed ad lib. with a supplement of barley and groundnut eake. One of the sUages made in June and one made in September had been treated with 1/2 gallon of formie acid per ton of herbage when cut, whereas the other two silages were untreated. The contents of digestible organic matter in the silage DM made with and without the acid additive were 67.4 and 63.8%, respectively, in the June silage, and 66-1 and 62.7% in the September silage. The intakes of silage and total DM were higher in the treatments containing the acid-treated silages than in those containing the untreated silages. The mean daily milk yields from cows fed on the sUages made with and without the additive were 36.3 and 33.8 lb (16.5 and 15.3 kg), respectively, for silages made in June, and 35.4 and 34.1 lb (16.0 and 15.5 kg) for those made in September. The solids-not-fat (S.N.F.) contents of the milk averaged 8.60 and 8.50% respectively, from the silages with and without the additive. It is concluded that the silage with the formic-acid additive was superior to the untreated silage as a feed for dairy cows.
Unusual composition of thylakoid membranes of the resurrection plant Boea hygroscopica: Changes in lipids upon dehydration and rehydration

Boea hygroscopica is a resurrection plant that is able to pass from biosis to anabiosis and vice versa following slow dehydration, but loses this ability following a rapid water loss. Fresh leaves were detached from plants grown in well-watered conditions and subjected to either rapid or slow dehydration and rehydration. Upon rehydration only slowly dried leaves revived. Analysis of thylakoid membranes revealed a rather small amount of total lipids (1,4–2 μmol g−1 dry weight) in comparison with other flowering plants. The main glycolipid was digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) rather than monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) as is common in higher plants. Linoleic acid was the main fatty acid (30–40 mol% of total fatty acids), while linolenic acid was present from 14 to 26 mol%. In both the fresh and rehydrated leaves nearly all lipid components were present in similar amounts. Following dehydration the DGDG/MGDG molar ratio, which was 1.1 in control and rehydrated leaves, doubled by the end of the rapid drying period and was three times as high in slowly dried leaves. The total polar lipid/free sterol molar ratio as well as the free fatty acid level assumed the highest values in the rapidly dehydrated leaves. A shift towards the more unsaturated fatty acids was observed in all lipid classes upon dehydration irrespective of whether it was slow or rapid. Our data show only small differences between rapidly and slowly dehydrated leaves which can be correlated to the capacity of slowly dehydrated leaves to revive.
Four-way data analysis within the linear mixed modelling framework

Cultivars have to be evaluated under different crop management systems across agro-ecosystems and years using multi-environment trials (MET) before releasing them to the market. Frequently, data collected in METs are arranged according to cultivar (G), management (M), location, (L) and year (Y) combinations in a four-way G x M x L x Y data table that is highly unbalanced for cultivars across locations and time. Therefore, we present the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML) for linear mixed models (LMM) with a factor analytic variance-covariance matrix for assessing cultivar adaptation to crop management systems and environments based on unbalanced datasets. Such a multi-environmental trial system has been in operation in Poland for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the form of the Post-registration Variety Testing System (PVTS). This study aimed to illustrate the use of LMM in the analysis of unbalanced four-way G x M x L x Y data. LMM analysis provided adjusted means of grain yield for 51 winter wheat cultivars bred in different regions in Europe, tested across 18 trial locations and seven consecutive cropping seasons in two crop management intensities. The application of the four-way LMM with a factor analytic variance-covariance matrix is a complementary and effective tool for evaluating the unbalanced G x M x L x Y table. Cultivars tested had different adaptive responses to the Polish agro-ecosystems separately for each of the crop management intensities. Wide adaptation in both crop management systems was exhibited by cultivars Mulan and Jenga bred in Germany.
Crystal structures and biochemical analyses of the bacterial arginine dihydrolase ArgZ suggests a “bond rotation” catalytic mechanism

A recently discovered ornithine–ammonia cycle (OAC) serves as a conduit in the nitrogen storage and remobilization machinery in cyanobacteria. The OAC involves an arginine catabolic reaction catalyzed by the arginine dihydrolase ArgZ whose catalytic mechanism is unknown. Here we determined the crystal structures at 1.2–3.0 Å of unliganded ArgZ from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and of ArgZ complexed with its substrate arginine, a covalently linked reaction intermediate, or the reaction product ornithine. The structures reveal that a key residue, Asn71, in the ArgZ active center functions as the determinant distinguishing ArgZ from other members of the guanidino group–modifying enzyme superfamily. The structures, along with biochemical evidence from enzymatic assays coupled with electrospray ionization MS techniques, further suggest that ArgZ-catalyzed conversion of arginine to ornithine, ammonia, and carbon dioxide consists of two successive cycles of amine hydrolysis. Finally, we show that arginine dihydrolases are broadly distributed among bacteria and metazoans, suggesting that the OAC may be frequently used for redistribution of nitrogen from arginine catabolism or nitrogen fixation.
The effectiveness and costs of pathogen resistance strategies in a perennial plant

Plants have evolved different strategies to resist pathogens, but little is known about how effective, stable and costly these mechanisms are in perennial plants across multiple growing seasons. We conducted a laboratory experiment to assess resistance variation in Plantago lanceolata against the powdery mildew‐causing fungus Podosphaera plantaginis and to measure possible trade‐offs between the different resistance strategies. To test stability and costs of resistance, we established common garden populations of plants possessing three different resistance strategies: qualitative resistance that is the ability to block pathogen infection, quantitative resistance that is the ability to mitigate pathogen development and susceptibility. We measured their performance with and without disease for 3 years. There were no trade‐offs between qualitative and quantitative resistance, and the components of quantitative resistance were positively correlated. Throughout the 3‐year common garden study, pathogen loads were significantly affected by host resistance in the study populations. Qualitative resistance efficiently blocked infections but contrary to laboratory obtained results; quantitative resistance did not hinder epidemic growth. We detected costs in plant performance for qualitative and quantitative resistance compared to susceptible plants in absence of the pathogen. The costs of infection varied according to resistance strategy, pathogen load and plant age. Synthesis. In perennial plants, the costs and benefits of resistance need to be evaluated over multiple years as they may change with plant age. Our results give new insights into how polymorphism in resistance can be maintained through costs of resistance in plant performance and through shifts in resource allocation between vegetative growth and reproduction under infection.