Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Families and Child Health : Core Concepts and Measures Measuring child health

Health is the single most important indicator of the overall well-being of a society. The World Health Organization (2006) defines health as “complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. ” Family is among the most powerful influences on health, as it provides economic, social, and psychological resources (and strains) that protect (or threaten) the health of its members. One of the most important developments in recent decades is that contemporary scholars have moved beyond the question does family structure affect health, and instead explore under what conditions, for which outcomes, for whom, and through which pathways do family structure, context, and process affect health? In this chapter, we synthesize contemporary theories and empirical research that explore how families affect physical and mental health over the life course. We also highlight gender, race, socioeconomic status (SES), and cross-national differences in the distinctive ways that families shape health. We begin by describing core concepts in the study of families and health. Second, we explore how family structures and processes affect the health and well-being of children and adolescents. Third, we document how marital roles, relations, and transitions affect adult health, with attention to the competing perspectives of social selection versus social causation. Fourth, we investigate how parenthood and its structural context affect adult health. We conclude by suggesting directions for future research on families and health. Health and Families
Consumos lectores entre adolescentes: Un abordaje comparado desde contextos internacionales. El caso de Polonia, Chile y Portugal

This contribution evaluated aspects, such as the frequency of reading, formats, and reading preferences, of secondary school students from Poland, Chile, and Portugal. For this, we started with the data obtained from a questionnaire on reading interests and frequencies, answered by 491 schoolchildren from the referred countries (175 Poles, 178 Chileans, and 138 Portuguese), on which a contrastive analysis was carried out with the aim of observing whether the strategies for promoting and consolidating reading habits should follow similar or divergent guidelines in each of the contexts. The comparison of the results indicates low reading frequencies are common to all the countries of the study, highlighting the lack of interest in reading periodicals (newspapers and magazines) and comics, although in leisure time (particularly on holidays) respondents show a greater interest in reading. Their preferences are oriented toward the adventure genre, which is followed by books on romantic themes, science fiction, mystery, terror, and humor. As for specific works and authors, we found a very heterogeneous and diverse panorama for each country. They show, in general terms, a penchant for paper in relation to reading support (e-books, in particular, are not particularly appreciated); however, a large contingent of schoolchildren are indifferent to the format. Digital reading is largely dominant in social networks. The analysis of the results reveals an important confluence in the three contexts analyzed, pointing in general to a low frequency and motivation toward reading, which is why common strategies are proposed to enhance the reading habits of Polish, Chilean, and Portuguese schoolchildren.
17 -Estradiol upregulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and lipid oxidative genes in skeletal muscle

This study examined the actions of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone on the regulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα and PPARγ) family of nuclear transcription factors and the mRNA abundance of key enzymes involved in fat oxidation, in skeletal muscle. Specifically, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I), β-3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD), and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) were examined. Sprague–Dawley rats were ovariectomized and treated with placebo (Ovx), E2, progesterone, or both hormones in combination (E+P). Additionally, sham-operated rats were treated with placebo (Sham) to serve as controls. Hormone (or vehicle only) delivery was via time release pellets inserted at the time of surgery, 15 days prior to analysis. E2 treatment increased PPARα mRNA expression and protein content (P<0·05), compared with Ovx treatment. E2 also resulted in upregulated mRNA of CPT I and PDK4 (P<0·05). PPARγ mRNA expression was also increased (P<0·05) by E2 treatment, although protein content remained unaltered. These data demonstrate the novel regulation of E2 on PPARα and genes encoding key proteins that are pivotal in regulating skeletal muscle lipid oxidative flux. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (2003) 31, 37–45
Current Trends of Intercultural Communication Research in Japan

Domestic research in intercultural communication has a history of less than three decades, yet a wide variety of studies have been conducted. This overview of current trends of the research in this field presents a review of studies conducted within the last decade in the areas of Japanese communication patterns, cross-cultural communication, intercultural interaction, intercultural adjustment, and intercultural communication training. Discussion of the current state of these areas are conducted from theoretical and methodological perspectives, and future directives are outlined.
Linking Terrestrial LiDAR Scanner and Conventional Forest Structure Measurements with Multi-Modal Satellite Data

Obtaining information on vertical forest structure requires detailed data acquisition and analysis which is often performed at a plot level. With the growing availability of multi-modal satellite remote sensing (SRS) datasets, their usability towards forest structure estimation is increasing. We assessed the relationship of PlanetScope-, Sentinel-2-, and Landsat-7-derived vegetation indices (VIs), as well as ALOS-2 PALSAR-2- and Sentinel-1-derived backscatter intensities with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and conventionally measured forest structure parameters acquired from 25 field plots in a tropical montane cloud forest in Kafa, Ethiopia. Results showed that canopy gap-related forest structure parameters had their highest correlation (|r| = 0.4 − 0.48) with optical sensor-derived VIs, while vegetation volume-related parameters were mainly correlated with red-edge- and short-wave infrared band-derived VIs (i.e., inverted red-edge chlorophyll index (IRECI), normalized difference moisture index), and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatters (|r| = −0.57 − 0.49). Using stepwise multi-linear regression with the Akaike information criterion as evaluation parameter, we found that the fusion of different SRS-derived variables can improve the estimation of field-measured structural parameters. The combination of Sentinel-2 VIs and SAR backscatters was dominant in most of the predictive models, while IRECI was found to be the most common predictor for field-measured variables. The statistically significant regression models were able to estimate cumulative plant area volume density with an R2 of 0.58 and with the lowest relative root mean square error (RRMSE) value (0.23). Mean gap and number of gaps were also significantly estimated, but with higher RRMSE (R2 = 0.52, RRMSE = 1.4, R2 = 0.68, and RRMSE = 0.58, respectively). The models showed poor performance in predicting tree density and number of tree species (R2 = 0.28, RRMSE = 0.41, and R2 = 0.21, RRMSE = 0.39, respectively). This exploratory study demonstrated that SRS variables are sensitive to retrieve structural differences of tropical forests and have the potential to be used to upscale biodiversity relevant field-based forest structure estimates.
The Comparative Validity of Questionnaire Data (16PF Scales) and Objective Test Data (O-A Battery) in Predicting Five Peer-Rating Criteria

Thirty tests from the 1955 edition of Cattell's Ob jective-Analytic (O-A) Test Battery, plus Forms A and B of the Sixteen Personality Factor Question naire (16PF), were administered to 82 male under graduates. In addition, each subject was rated by 7 to 11 close associates on each of 20 bipolar rating scales, 4 scales tapping each of 5 peer-rating fac tors. These peer ratings were used as criterion vari ables to be predicted by the 16PF scales and by the O-A Battery. The O-A Battery measures were slightly more highly related to one peer-rating fac tor (Culture); the 16PF scales were slightly more highly related to another (Conscientiousness); and the two sets of test variables were essentially equiv alent in predicting the other three factors (two of which showed no significant relationships with either instrument). The lack of any consistent su periority of the objective test scores over the ques tionnaire scales, coupled with some criticisms of the objective tests on purely logical grounds, should make one cautious in accepting the claims being made for the comparative validity of the O-A Bat tery.
Agricultural Academy CORRELATION BETWEEN THE RANKING OF WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES BY GRAIN YIELD AND STABILITY THROUGH VARIOUS STATISTICAL APPROACHES

Gubatov, T. , N. Tsenov and I. Yanchev, 2017. Correlation between the ranking of winter wheat genotypes by grain yield and stability through various statistical approaches. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23 (1): 92–101 Setting and aim: The environmental conditions have a serious impact on grain yield of cereals. The change in the reaction of a variety yield is reason to look for ways for its evaluation despite his strong GE interaction. The aim of this study was to establish an effective model for the separation of varieties based on the magnitude of the yield and the stability in a wide range of environmental conditions. Methods: In a typical country locations of testing (5) for four years 24 varieties of winter wheat, were studied. In the most detail the GE interaction by four statistical approaches that are current was analysed. The ranking approach in determining the yield stability and their interactions using the criteria “yield”, “stability” and “yield-stability” is attached. The possibilities of each method to evaluate the effect of GE for establishing the essential differences between varieties were analysed. Key results: The GE interaction is essential and sets about 1/3 of the total variation of the trait. Its nature is complex and diffi cult to measure. A large share of the nonlinear interaction of the variety by environment is established. The most signifi cant share of the interaction is between season * location (88 %), and the effect of genotype is about 10-12%. The arrangement of the tested varieties through various statistical methods is different, which is a prerequisite for a serious analysis of their grain yield behaviour. Conclusions: The relationship between the three tested criteria of traits expressed by main types of correlations show that the “yield-stability” has a strong link with the other two criteria. This is reason to believe that each of applied statistical models for effective differentiation of behaviour of the variety in the group. The most relevant to achieving the objective are two commonly used model AMMI and GGE, due to the presence of software packages for their rapid implementation and visualization.
IMPROVING FORAGE YIELD AND MORPHOLOGY OF OAT VARIETIES THROUGH VARIOUS ROW SPACING AND NITROGEN APPLICATION

Oat is winter season forage crop cultivated throughout the country. It is a fast growing, palatable, succulent and nutritious fodder crop. In this frame, two years field study was carried out at PMASArid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan during 2011-12 and 2012-13. It is hypothesized that row spacing and nitrogen (N) application improves morphology and yield forage production of oat varieties. Experiment comprised of four oat varieties (PD2LV65, S-2000, NZ0034 and NARC-11) grown under each three N levels (60, 90 and 120 kg haˉ1) with row spacing of 12, 24 and 46 cm. Results revealed that var. PD2-LV65 was found more efficient with respect to plant height, number of leaves, biomass traits, green forage yield, dry matter yield and dry matter content than other tested varieties. The highest N rate (120 kg haˉ1) significantly affected above parameters than low level (60 kg N haˉ1). Higher morphological characters were recorded at 46 cm row spacing while maximum forage yield in narrow row spacing of 12 cm. From these results, we can conclude that var. PD2-LV65 perform better than all the other oat varieties and N application of 120 kg haˉ1 gave maximum morphological traits and forage yield but row spacing show variable behavior under sub-tropical conditions.
Psychological and Anxiety/Depression Level Assessment among Quarantine People during Covid19 Outbreak

Background: Covid-19 outbreak results in lockdown of provinces by isolating the infected ones and quarantine the population to prevent community spread of corona virus During quarantine people has to restrict their movement and keep themselves under self-isolation at their home to prevent infections In long quarantine period it may create psychological or anxiety/depression problem for some people The objective of our study is to assess and understand the level of psychological, anxiety/depression in quarantine people during covid19 outbreak
Grossular: A crystal-chemical, calorimetric, and thermodynamic study

Abstract In spite of the amount of research that has been done on grossular, Ca3Al2Si3O12, there is still uncertainty regarding its exact thermodynamic properties. Because of insufficient sample characterization in the various published calorimetric studies, it is difficult to analyze conflicting CP and S○ results. To resolve the discrepancies, a detailed and systematic multi‑method investigation was undertaken. Three synthetic grossular samples and four natural grossular‑rich garnets were characterized by optical microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, IR, and MAS 29Si and 27Al NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction methods. Two of the natural grossulars, crystallized at relatively low temperatures, are optically anisotropic and two from the higher temperature amphibolite faces are isotropic. The natural garnets have between 94 and 97 mol% grossular with minor fractions of other garnet components, as well as small amounts of OH in solid solution. 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR spectra indicate that synthetic grossular crystallized at high‑P and high‑T conditions is ordered with respect to Al and Si. Heat-capacity measurements between 5 and 300 K were made using relaxation calorimetry and between 282 and 764 K using DSC methods. For the three synthetic grossulars, the CP data yield an average S○ value of 260.23 ± 2.10 J/(mol·K). The S○ values for the four natural grossular‑rich garnets, adjusted to end‑member grossular composition, range between 253.0 ± 1.2 and 255.2 ± 1.2 J/(mol·K). The results of this work thus confirm earlier low‑temperature adiabatic calorimetric studies that show small, but experimentally significant, differences in S° between natural and synthetic grossular samples. The difference in terms of heat-capacity behavior between synthetic and natural samples is that the latter have lower CP values at temperatures between 20 and 100 K by up to about 20%. Above 298 K, CP for grossular is given by CP J/(mol·K) = 556.18(±12) - 1289.97(±394)⋅T-0.5 - 2.44014(±0.24)⋅107⋅T-2 + 3.30386(±0.39)⋅109⋅T-3. Applying mathematical programming, published high‑P‑T results on the reaction 3anorthite = grossular + 2kyanite + quartz were analyzed thermodynamically. The calculations yield best‑fit values of ΔfH○ = -6627.0 kJ/mol and S○ = 258.8 J/(mol·K) for grossular. It is concluded that S○ ≈ 260 J/ (mol·K) is the best value for end‑member grossular. Variations in structural state and composition in natural samples, as well as assumptions used in correcting for solid‑solution and OH groups, appear to be the most important factors that could account for the smaller S○ values of 253-257 J/(mol·K).
Effects of direct and gradual salinity exposure on carrot ( Daucus carota L . ) seeds and recovery response

Salinity is a major cause of abiotic stress in arid and semi-arid climates that substantially reduces crop yield. This study evaluated the effects of salinity on germination and early seedling growth of two carrot cultivars in vitro under varying salinity levels. Salinity was induced by incorporating up to 150 mM of sodium chloride (NaCl) into the culture media. Seeds were either exposed directly to salinity, by planting on MS media containing salt, or gradually exposed by sequential transfer every four days to higher salt concentrations. Salinity caused significant reductions in germination parameters (germination percentage, speed, and energy) with elevated salinity level, but growth was less impaired by gradual exposure to salt. The gradual exposure of seedlings to salinity provides an opportunity to study the development of salt tolerance. The viability of seeds of glycophytes failing to germinate when exposed to salinity has not been previously reported. It was discovered that many carrot seeds that failed to germinate on saline media in this study recovered and grew when transferred to salt-free media.
Purification and characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Eisenia fetida and effects of some pesticides and metal ions

Abstract Objectives Earthworms have a large impact on the soil ecosystem. They are quite sensitive to pollutants. Purification and biochemical characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases (G6PD) from the earthworm species Eisenia fetida were aimed. The determination of the toxicity potentials of some soil pollutants on G6PD activity was intended. Methods G6PD was isolated using 2′,5′-ADP-Sepharose 4B affinity column. Enzyme purity and molecular mass were determined by SDS-PAGE. Its biochemical properties investigated. The effects of some soil pollutants on the enzyme were studied in vitro. Results Enzyme was purified with 28% yields and 232 fold. Optimum pH and buffer concentration, optimal and stable temperature was determined as pH: 8.5, 60 mM, 25 °C and 20 °C. Its molecular weight estimated as 36 kDa. The Ni2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cr2+, and Fe2+ ions with IC50 values in the range of 56 ± 06−120 ± 20 μM and the diniconazole, metalaxyl, methomyl, carboxyl, and oxamyl with IC50 values in the range of 7.6 ± 1.2−77 ± 12 μM exhibited an inhibitory effect on G6PD. Conclusions G6PD was isolated and characterized from E. fetida. Its catalytic activity decreased with very low concentration by pesticides and metal ions. The results indicated that the inhibition of G6PD may be important in the toxicity mechanism of pollutants on this earthworm.
A meta‐analysis of non‐consumptive predator effects in arthropods: the influence of organismal and environmental characteristics

A. L. Buchanan (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-5917), S. L. Hermann (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-9027), M. Lund (http://orcid. org/0000-0002-3499-2357), Z. Szendrei (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-2056) (szendrei@msu.edu), Dept of Entomology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. SLH and ZS also at: Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI, USA.
Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Neural Lineage Cells Induced by bFGF-Chitosan Controlled Release System

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells undergo differentiation to different lineages with different efficiencies when induced by different factors. We added a bFGF-chitosan controlled release system (bFGF-CCRS) as an inducer into conditioned medium to facilitate the oriented differentiation of BMSCs into neural lineage cells (eventually mature neurons); furthermore, we synchronized BMSCs to the G0/G1 phase via serum starvation to observe the effect of the inducer on the differentiation direction and efficiency. The nonsynchronized group, chitosan alone (not loaded with bFGF) group, soluble bFGF group, and conditioned medium group served as controls, and we observed the dynamic process of differentiation of BMSCs into neural lineage cells at different time points after the beginning of coculture. We analyzed the binding patterns of bFGF and chitosan and assayed the expression differences of key factors (FGFR1, ERK, and c-fos) and molecular switches (BTG2) that regulate the transformation from cell proliferation to differentiation. We also investigated the potential molecular mechanism of BMSC differentiation into neural lineage cells at a high percentage when induced by bFGF-CCRS.
The moderating effect of pro-environmental self-identity in the relationship between abnormally-shaped foods and purchase intention

The assumption that consumers reject food that deviates physically from the norm contributes to global food waste because food retailers generally do not offer abnormally shaped food. This study empirically examines how food shape abnormality affects purchase intentions and how pro-environmental self-identity might moderate the food shape abnormality-purchase intention relationship for consumers in Taiwan. A representative sample of 400 Taiwanese consumers indicated their purchase intentions for two fruits and two vegetables with varying levels of food shape abnormality (normal, moderately abnormal, and extremely abnormal). The results demonstrate that food shape influences purchase intentions; consumers are more likely to purchase normally shaped fruits and vegetables than moderately or extremely abnormally shaped food. Pro-environmental self-identity also drive purchase intentions, such that participants with high levels of pro-environmental self-identity express higher purchase intentions toward abnormally shaped food. Results show that pro-environmental self-identity has a higher and positive impact on purchase intention for extremely abnormal food compared to moderately abnormal and normal food. Government entities and food industry actors should take these findings into account to develop effective communication strategies.
Population Dynamics of the Green-Lipped Mussel , Perna viridis from the Offshore Waters of Naf River Coast , Bangladesh

The population parameters like asymptotic length, growth co-efficient, mortalities, recruitment rate and length-weight relationship of green-lipped mussel, Perna viridis in the offshore waters of the Naf River were studied between February 2007 and January 2008. Monthly length frequency data of P. viridis were analyzed using FiSAT software for estimating population parameters including asymptotic length (L ), growth co-efficient (K) and recruitment pattern to assess the status of the stock. Asymptotic length (L ), growth coefficient (K) and the growth performance index ( ) were calculated as 13.65 cm, 1.30 year -1 and 2.38 respectively. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were estimated at 1.90 year -1, 1.09 year -1, and 0.81 year -1 respectively. The recruitment pattern was found continuous, displaying a double major peak event per year. The exponent ‘b’ value estimated for this species under study was below 3 (b<3) indicating that the growth pattern showed negative allometric growth.