Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative Chronology of the Historical and Cultural Sites of Yazd-Ardekan Plain Based on the Archaeological Data

31 and eastern longitude of 59 54-57 52, in the central part of the Iranian Plateau, which is one of the most important plains in terms of natural and human resources and 6 major cities of the province, includingYazd, Mehriz, Taft, Meybod, Ardekan, and Ashkezar are located in this plain [8]. The plain is surrounded by Shirkuh Mountain Range in the south, Ahangaran and Morgh-e-Zard mountain in the west, Haft Admin and Hanza mountains in the east and Chakchak Mountain Abstract Yazd-Ardekan plain is one of the most important plains in Yazd Province in terms of natural and human resources. Due to its location between different mountains, this plain provides a natural corridor to cross one of the most important transportation routes that connect the cities such as Qom, Tehran, and Kashan to the southern and southeastern regions of Iran. In the past years, scattered archeological activities have been carried out in this plain, the most important of which is the excavation of Gharbalbiz sitein Mehriz during several seasons. But, in recent years, several seasons of research have been done in this area, the maximum focus of which has been on Meybod Town and Rostaq region. During these activities, many sites related to the different cultural periods were identified, which include the time interval from the Epipaleolithic periodto the Qajar period. Also, the archaeological test trenches of the historical context of Yazd City have provided us with very good information about the Islamic Era, especially in the field of pottery, which shows that Yazd had been considered as one pole ofthis industry in some periods.
Monetary Policy Surprises in Russia 1

This paper studies the monetary policy transmission in the Russian economy. The key question of this research is to determine how monetary policy affects the economy through currency exchange rates. I construct a series of monetary policy surprises for the Russian economy using the high-frequency identification approach. Many papers use futures on interest rates as monetary policy instruments; however, we do not have these futures on the Russian financial market. Therefore, I use different currency futures as monetary surprises because these futures are liquid, and they may reveal market sentiments. I take the dates when the Board of Directors of the Bank of Russia made a decision on the key rate and look at the changes in the currency exchange market in a tiny 30-minute window. Next, I construct a structural vector autoregression model to show the effect of these surprises on macroeconomic variables. In the identification process, I use the external instruments approach à la Gertler and Karadi (2015). Finally, I compare the results with other methods (Cholesky decomposition). I find that a tightening monetary policy significantly increases the bond rate; moreover, the effect on inflation is not immediate, but appears after a couple of months.
High Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistance and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Among Hospitalized Patients Presumptive for Bacterial Infection at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Background Multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDR-E), primarily extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers (ESBLs), have emerged as a major public health concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of multi-drug resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among hospitalized patients presumptive for bacterial infections at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2021. A total of 384 hospitalized patients presumptive for bacterial infections were included in the study. Urine, wound, blood, stool, and sputum samples were collected and cultured on MacConkey agar, Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient medium, and Blood agar. Identification was done using a panel of biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc diffusion. Screening of ESBL production was done by using cefotaxime and ceftazidime and confirmed by the combination disk method per clinical laboratory standard institute guidelines. Data analysis was performed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 25, and a P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Out of 384 study participants, a total of 164 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated. The overall multi-drug resistance rate (MDR) was 92.1%. The overall prevalence of ESBL-PE was 104 (63.4%). E. coli 50 (30.5%) and K. pneumoniae 24 (14.6%) were the predominant ESBL producers. The highest ESBL producers E. coli (13.4%) and K. pneumoniae (6.1%) were isolated from urine sample. History of antibiotic use for the last three months (P-value=0.01), admission in neonatal intensive care unit (P-value=0.02), history of hospital stays (P-value=0.01), and chronic disease (P-value=0.04) showed statistically significant association with ESBL-PE infection. Conclusion The prevalence of MDR-E and ESBL-PE was high. Therefore, strong infection prevention and control measures and careful selection of antibiotics are needed in the study area to block the transmission and infection in the healthcare setting.
CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS

A mutant of Bacillus subtilis 168 unable to germinate in DLalanine + fructose + glucose was isolated and proved to be deficient in response to fructose. Spores of this mutant responded to L-alanine fairly well although the germination rate was slower than the wild type. Analysis of the effect of fructose on the D-alanine inhibition of L-alanine-triggered germination showed that in wild type spores, fructose reversed the inhibition by lowering the spore's affinity with D-alanine whereas the mutant spores lacked this response. Since the mutation was mapped in the gerD locus, a standard gerD strain, 4738 (gerD48), was studied for comparison. Strain 4738 showed similar germination properties except that germination of this strain in L-alanine was much slower. These findings revealed a germinant-specific character of gerD mutants whose defect had been regarded as non-specific with respect to germinants. PBS! transduction crosses suggested the gene order cysA-attSPO2-gerD-ada.
The Association Between Habitual Sleep Duration and Blood Pressure Control in United States (US) Adults with Hypertension

Purpose This study examined the relationship between habitual sleep duration and blood pressure (BP) control in adults with hypertension. Methods This cross-sectional study used data of 5163 adults with hypertension obtained from the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between habitual sleep duration and BP control. Habitual sleep duration was self-reported and defined as the amount of sleep usually obtained in a night or main sleep period during weekdays or workdays. It was categorized as <6, 6 - <7, 7–9, and >9 hours. BP control was defined as average systolic BP <130mmHg and diastolic BP <80mmHg. Results Results from the fully adjusted models show that among all adults with hypertension, habitual sleep duration of <6 hours night/main sleep period was associated with reduced odds of BP control (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0ss.37–0.76, P = 0.001) when compared to 7–9 hours. In the subpopulation of adults who were on antihypertensive medication, those with a sleep duration of <6 hours had lower odds of BP control than those with a sleep duration of 7–9 hours (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36–0.77, P = 0.002). No significant differences were noted in all adults with hypertension and in the subpopulation of those on antihypertensive medication in BP control between the reference sleep duration group (7–9 hours) and the 6 - <7 or >9 hours groups. There were no significant differences across age groups or gender in the relationship between habitual sleep duration and BP control. Conclusion Sleep duration of <6 hours is associated with reduced odds of hypertension control. These significant findings indicate that interventions to support adequate habitual sleep duration may be a promising addition to the current hypertension management guidelines.
A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY TO EVALUATE COMBINED SPINAL AND GENERAL ANAESTHESIA VERSUS GENERAL ANAESTHESIA ALONE IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA AND INTRAOPERATIVE HAEMODYNAMICS Anaesthesiology

iv given for break through pain when VAS score was >4 followed by Inj. ABSTRACT Introduction: The haemodynamic and respiratory alteration associated with abdominal laparoscopy are due to high intraabdominal pressure caused by pneumoperitoneum creation. The most relevant haemodynamic changes are decrease in venous return secondary to inferior vena cava compression and increase in central venous pressure and arterial blood pressure. To compare postoperative analgesia and intraoperative Aim: hemodynamics in combined spinaland general anesthesia versus general anesthesia alone in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Prospective Method: randomized study, carried out in Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital, Prayagraj, for a duration of one year. Patients belonging to ASA I – II, age18-60 years, posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were recruited and allocated in one of the following groups: GROUP 1:Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. GROUP 2:Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under combined general anaesthesia and spinal anaesthesia. Following parameters were analysed in the two groups; baseline, before, during and after the procedure in both the groups: HR, MAP, SPO2, EtCO2 and VAS. Combined spinal and general anaesthesia for laparoscopy provide better intra-operative haemodynamics as there Result: was statistically signicant difference in post induction heart rate and mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05) between Group 1 and Group 2. Conclusion: Combined spinal and general anaesthesia group have better intraoperativehaemodynamic stability and post-operative analgesia than general anaesthesia group.
Physician Perspectives on Mammography Screening for Average-Risk Women: “Like a Double-Edged Sword” Mammography Screening for Average-Risk Women

Background: On balance, the beneﬁts and harms of mammography screening put systematic screening for average-risk women into question. Since screening decisions frequently occur in primary care, it is important to understand what family physicians think of the evidence on mammography screening, and how they intend to use this information in practice. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we obtained data from a group of physician participants who rated the daily Patient-Oriented Evidence that Matters (POEM), which is a short, research-based synopsis. Physicians responded to closed and open-ended questions, based on the validated Information Assessment Method. Quantitative data were assessed with descriptive statistics. The qualitative data were subjected to inductive and deductive iterative thematic analysis. These data were organized into subthemes, and then grouped into major themes. Results: Four relevant POEMs were identiﬁed. Each of these POEMs was rated by 1243 to 1351 physicians, and these ratings provided 310 comments. Three major themes emerged across all 4 POEMs: 1) perspectives on information presented in POEMs, 2) applying this information in practice, and 3) confronting clinical and cultural realities. Our ﬁndings highlight important differences in the ways physicians value research-based information on mammography screening and use this information in their practice. Conclusions: Although POEMs about mammography screening raise awareness of harms and beneﬁts, deeply rooted ideas illustrate how any change process is complex. In sum, rethinking breast cancer screening for average-risk women is challenging. ( J Am Board Fam Med 2020;33:871–884.)
FREDHOLM THEORY FOR AN ELLIPTIC DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR DEFINED ON R n AND ACTING ON GENERALIZED SOBOLEV SPACES

We consider a spectral problem for an elliptic diﬀerential operator debined on R n and acting on the generalized Sobolev space W 0 ,χp ( R n ) for 1 < p < ∞ . We note that similar problems, but with R n replaced by either a bounded region in R n or by a closed manifold have been the subject of investigation by various authors. Then in this paper we establish, under the assumption of parameter-ellipticity, results pertaining to the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the spectral problem. Furthrermore, by utilizing the aforementioned results, we obain results pertaining to the spectral properties of the Banach space operator induced by the spectral problem.
Dissection of Synapse Induction by Neuroligins EFFECT OF A NEUROLIGIN MUTATION ASSOCIATED WITH AUTISM*

To study synapse formation by neuroligins, we co-cultured hippocampal neurons with COS cells expressing wild type and mutant neuroligins. The large size of COS cells makes it possible to test the effect of neuroligins presented over an extended surface area. We found that a uniform lawn of wild type neuroligins displayed on the cell surface triggers the formation of hundreds of uniformly sized, individual synaptic contacts that are labeled with neurexin antibodies. Electron microscopy revealed that these artificial synapses contain a presynaptic active zone with docked vesicles and often feature a postsynaptic density. Neuroligins 1, 2, and 3 were active in this assay. Mutations in two surface loops of neuroligin 1 abolished neuroligin binding to neurexin 1 (cid:1) , a presumptive presynaptic binding partner for postsynaptic neuroligins, and blocked synapse formation. An analysis of mutant neuroligins with an amino acid substitution that corresponds to a mutation described in patients with an autistic syndrome confirmed previous reports that these mutant neuroligins have a compromised capacity to be transported to the cell surface. Nevertheless, the small percentage of mutant neuroligins using protein A-488 conjugate, and neuroligin and synapsin antibodies were visualized subsequently using Alexa Fluor 546- and 633-labeled secondary antibodies (Molecular Probes). Fluorescence imaging was per- formed using sequential acquisition of different channels on a Leica TCS2 confocal microscope. The following antibodies were used for im- munocytochemistry of the co-cultures: anti-neuroligin 1 mouse mono-1
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO CENTRO DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR NA AGRICULTURA TIAGO DO PRADO PAIM Effect of feeding lambs with cottonseed co-products on reproductive system and meat quality Piracicaba

PAIM, T.P. Effect of feeding lambs with cottonseed co-products on reproductive system and meat quality. 2012. 92 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 2012. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding cotton co-products with different gossypol concentrations on reproductive development of lambs close to puberty and also on carcass traits and fatty acid profile of meat. Twenty four 5-months old ram lambs (20.6 ± 1.9 kg BW) were used. These were housed in individual pens and received four diets: 20% of dry matter intake (DMI) of whole cottonseed (WCS), 20%DMI of cottonseed meal (CSM), 20%DMI of high oil cottonseed meal (CSC) and a control group without cottonseed coproducts (CTL). Free gossypol intake was 0, 16.32, 6.98 and 5.47 mg/kgBW for CTL, WCS, CSC and CSM, respectively. At each 15 days, the animals were weighted, and blood and semen samples were collected. Sperm motility, vigor, mass movement, concentration and pathologies were evaluated. The free testosterone and cortisol concentrations in serum were determined. After 95 experimental days, the lambs were slaughtered and carcass traits were measured. Meat samples of Longissumus dorsi muscle were taken for fatty acid profile analysis. And testis samples were collected to analysis in light and transmission electron microscopes. The treatments did not differ in average daily weight gain, sperm volume, motility, vigor and concentration. The CTL group had higher testosterone concentration than CSC at the end of trial and had lower total sperm defects and higher mass movement than others. The number of mitochondrial sheath aplasia increased with increasing gossypol level in diet. There was no relation between the other variables evaluated and gossypol level in diets; however the groups that received cottonseed co-products showed worse reproductive parameters than CTL. Therefore, these co-products had negative impact on reproductive system of puberal lambs. In relation to fatty acid profile, meat from CSM and CSC groups had higher levels of conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) than others and yet CSC group showed higher vaccenic acid than others. Meat from animals that received whole cottonseed had less unsaturated fatty acids, CLA and vaccenic acid. Therefore, between cotton co-products, the processed (CSM and CSC) must be preferred for use in ruminant feed rather than whole cottonseed. The meat from animals that did not receive cotton co-products had higher n-3 fatty acid, and also better n-6 to n-3 ratio compared to others. This can impair the use of these co-products due to current great importance given to these fatty acids in human nutrition.
Corporate environmentalism: Redesigning business models to fit strategy, organizational capabilities and the natural environment

T he increasing concern of citizens, nations and businesses on natural environment protection and respect lead companies to re-invent new ways of business activities and models. In that sense, new paradigms as the Circular Economy and stakeholders’ pressures move companies towards corporate environmentalism, which supposes to modify company’s aim, mission and strategy. The formulation and implementation of eﬀ ective proactive environmental strategies implies the reconﬁ guration and development of new environmental organizational capabilities, especially those linked to business operations and market-related ones. In this new competitive arena, environmental innovations, green marketing and corporate image, environmental legitimacy and reputation are analyzed as main drivers of proactive environmental strategies and key decisions of new and sustainable business models. This paper develops an integrative review of previous concepts intimately related to corporate environmentalism and proposes some fruitfully avenues of future research for those, both academics and business practitioners, focused on how to ﬁ t ﬁ rm’s activities and competitiveness and the respect and preservation of the natural environment.
Atherosclerosis in perlecan heterozygous mice

The hypothesis that lipoprotein association with perlecan is atherogenic was tested by studying atherosclerosis in mice that had a heterozygous deletion of perlecan, the primary extracellular heparan sulfate proteoglycan in arteries. We ﬁrst studied the expression of perlecan in mouse lesions and noted that this proteoglycan in aorta was found in the subendothelial matrix. Perlecan was also a major component of the lesional extracellular matrix. Mice with a heterozygous deletion had a reduction in arterial wall perlecan expression. Atherosclerosis in these mice was studied after crossing the defect into the apolipoprotein E (apoE) and LDL receptor knockout backgrounds. At 12 weeks, chow-fed apoE null mice with a heterozygous deletion had less atherosclerosis. However, at 24 weeks and in the LDL receptor heterozygous background, the presence of a perlecan knockout allele did not signiﬁcantly alter lesion size. Thus, it appears that loss of perlecan leads to less atherosclerosis in early lesions. Although this might be attributable to a decrease in lipoprotein retention, it should be noted that perlecan might mediate multiple other processes that could, in sum, accelerate atherosclerosis.
Path model of substance abuse.pdf

• A model that more speci ﬁ cally predicts who is most vulnerable to developing addiction was offered. • The relationship between adverse childhood events (ACE) and substance abuse was mediated by attachments and other variables. • The path model showed new approaches to RDoC diagnoses and treatments. • Important relationships between nomothetic, ideographic, and ecological variables were identi ﬁ ed. • Psychological correlates to biological reinforcement de ﬁ cits were proposed.
Improving the process of certified and witnessed factory testing for chiller procurement

Currently, consulting engineers and/or design/build engineers involved in the process of performance-based chiller procurement perform four activities: (1) determine bid specifications, (2) identify a few different vendors and sales representatives of chiller manufacturers and request them to submit bids along with chiller performance maps in the form of tabular data, (3) select a particular chiller (or mix of chillers) from these bids, and (4) perform a certified and witnessed factory test on the performance of the selected chiller, which provides an insurance policy and a last chance to reject the equipment if the engineer deems that the chiller is not consistent with manufacturer’s published performance data. Usually, the factory tests are performed based on ARI Standard 550/590 or on operating conditions that better reflect the actual load profile. This paper suggests a methodology to select the optimal set of test conditions that provide the most useful chiller performance data. It is shown that using the Gordon-Ng (GN) chiller model allows the engineer to accurately predict the complete chiller performance map with only four well-chosen operating points. This paper justifies both the choice of the GN model and the experimental design proposed using monitored data from two actual chiller data sets (one from a laboratory chiller, and the other from a field-operated chiller using about five months of data). The methodology suggested in this paper should be of great benefit to chiller professionals, and enhance the quality assurance process of the entire chiller procurement process.
The inner structure of pyramid and capital structure: Evidence from China

This paper examines the effects of the pyramid inner ownership structure of companies on capital structure in an emerging market economy country. The author uses firm-level panel data of Chinese listed companies to analyze the effects of the inner structure of pyramid on capital structure, and the differences in those effects between regions with different institutional environments. The results indicate that the longer the layers of a pyramid structure, the stronger its ‘leverage effect’, as well as the ultimate owner’s motivation to expand debt financing. Thus the layers of pyramid structure have a significantly positive effect on capital structure. However, the chains within a pyramid structure have no significant effect on capital structure. Compared with regions with poor institutional environment, in regions with a better institutional environment the effect of the layers of pyramid structure on capital structure becomes smaller.