Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Circadian Rhythm: Enhancing Brain Synchronization and Cognition

Cognition is impaired in many neuropsychiatric disorders and the quality of life is severely affected. A key mechanism for sculpting communication patterns between large-scale brain networks that underpin cognition and its breakdown in neuropsychiatric disorders is synchronous electrophysiological rhythms. According to a study, light has a wide range of effects on the synchronization of circadian rhythms with the external environment and it is found that light influences the urinary excretion of melatonin and controls sleep. Autonomic and neuroendocrine responses such as feedback regulation and the involvement of the immune system have also been shown to influence the circadian rhythm. There have been major advances in our understanding of the retinal photoreceptors mediating these non-image-forming light responses over the last two decades, as well as the neural pathways and molecular mechanisms that generate and energize circadian rhythms in the phase of the light/dark (LD) cycle. Our understanding of the mechanisms by which lighting impacts cognitive processes, on the other hand, is more misleading. Light's effect on different cognitive processes is complex. Indirect effects may also arise due to disrupted circadian rhythm, in addition to the direct effects of light on consciousness. In studies that rely on various cognitive and sensory processes, different assays have been used, which can also contribute to variable outcomes. The physiological basis of these responses and the influence of various lighting environments on cognitive processes are summarized here, taking into account their effects on circadian rhythms, sleep and arousal.
BURNOUT SYNDROME AMONG NURSES IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT ENTRE ENFERMEIROS DE UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT ENTRE ENFERMEROS DE UN HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO

Objective: to identify burnout syndrome levels among nurses at a university hospital. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in a university hospital in southern Brazil, with 106 nurses. Data was collected through a questionnaire composed of two self-answered instruments: personal and professional characterization form and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: the nurses participating in the study presented moderate burnout levels for the three subscales: emotional exhaustion (21.9±5.0), depersonalization (8.1±2.6) and personal fulfillment (30.4±3.2). The nurses working in the surgical center had a high rate on the emotional exhaustion subscale. Conclusion: a moderate level of burnout was identified among the nurses working in a university hospital for the three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment. No significant differences were identified among the burnout mean values and the socio-professional characteristics of the participants, or among the hospital sectors.
Saudi Non-Oil Exports before and after COVID-19: Historical Impacts of Determinants and Scenario Analysis

The diversification of the economy including its exports is at the core of Saudi Vision 2030. The vision targets to raise non-oil export from 16% to 50% of non-oil GDP by 2030. Achieving this, in addition to other goals, necessitates a better understanding of the non-oil export relationship with its determinants. However, we are not aware of a study that estimates the impacts of the determinants on Saudi non-oil exports covering the recent years of reforms and low oil prices and that conducts simulations for future. The purpose of this study is to develop an econometric modeling framework for Saudi non-oil export that can enhance informing the policymaking process through empirical estimations and simulations. For estimations, we applied cointegration and equilibrium correction methodology to the annual data for the period 1983–2018. Results show that Middle Eastern and North African countries’ GDP, as a measure of foreign income, and Saudi Arabia’s non-oil GDP, as a measure of production capacity, have statistically significant positive effects on Saudi non-oil exports in the long run. The real effective exchange rate (REER), as a measure of competitiveness, also exerts a positive effect in the long run if it depreciates and vice versa. Furthermore, our findings support the Export-led growth concept, which articulates that export can be an engine of economic growth and does not support the Dutch disease concept, which highlights the consequences of the resource sector for the non-resource tradable sector for Saudi Arabia. Macroeconometric model-based simulations conducted up to 2030 reveal out that the Saudi non-oil export is more responsive to the changes in REER than any other determinants. The simulation results also show that non-oil manufacturing makes a three times larger contribution to the future expansion of non-oil exports than agriculture. Moreover, the simulations discover that finance, insurance, and other business services, as well as transport and communication play an important role in improving the Saudi non-oil export performance in the coming decade. The key policy recommendation is that measures should be implemented in a coordinated and balanced way to achieve non-oil exports and other targets of the Vision.
THE EFFECTS OF SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER APPLICATION ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) PLANTS GROWN BY SOILLESS AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUE

This study, it was aimed to determine the effects of super absorbent polymers (SAP) on plant growth, yield, hormone level, leaf pigment and nutrient contents, enzyme activities, organic acid and amino acid composition, lipid peroxidation level in tomato and the amount of drained water in soilless culture. For this aim, three levels of SAPs (0, 5 and 10 g slab) were applied into cocopeat slabs before planting seedlings in randomized plots. The results showed that the SAPs added to cocopeat substrate increased plant growth and yield by increasing leaf nutrient, pigment and hormone contents in tomato plants. However, SAP applications reduced lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, antioxidant enzym activities and abscisic acid level. SAP treatment increased organic acid contents about 9.5-24.7%, except for butyric and maleic acid. In general, SAP treatment increased the amino acid contents in leaves, but decreased mainly proline, aspartate and hydroxyproline contents. The presence of sufficient water and nutrients in plants’ root zones with low force allowed them to grow without stress. A 10 g polymer application gave better results than other doses on investigated parameters. In conclusion, SAPs can be used in soilless tomato farming, due to its beneficial effects on plant growth, yield and water saving.
Durability Performance of Binary and Ternary Blend Self Compacting Concrete using Waste Marble Powder and Lime Powder

Investigation practicing waste marble powder and lime powder as cement supplements in Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has obtained positive outcomes newly. In this research, waste marble powder (MW) and waste lime powder (LW) with the different combinations used in the design of SCC by replacement of cement 0, 10, 15 and 20%. In addition, 5% H2SO4 and 5% MgSO4 practiced for durability study and evaluate the effect of Sulfate attack and acid attack on filler content of mix after 28, 56, and 90 days curing of SCC sample. The results of the visual assessment and weight loss revealed that the increase in the amount of LW would enhance the performance of concrete, while the inclusion of LW and MW in SCC has shown positive results in terms of resistance against acid and sulfate attack. The mixtures with ternary binders of OPC, MW, and LW experienced the lowest strength loss after exposure to high concentrations of sulfate attack compared to unblended SCC.
An Investigation of the relationship between EFL hyperactive Young Learners’ oral performance and their FL Anxiety

The research paper investigated the relationship between language anxiety and oral performance of hyperactive young learners in an EFL educational context. The participants were composed of 41 fifths year primary stage students at Azza Zidan Official Language School, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. The Study Sample’s oral performance was measured by an oral performance test, their hyperactivity was measured using hyperactivity checklist and their FL speaking anxiety was identified using a Foreign Language anxiety Scale, prepared by the researcher. Findings indicated that most participants generally experienced a level of anxiety in the EFL classroom. There was a positive relationship between anxiety and hyperactivity and a negative relationship between oral performance and anxiety. Also results showed a statistically significant correlation between the scores obtained from the oral performance test, hyperactivity and anxiety scale
Indicators of sustainable development of Santa Catarina mesoregions: a comparative analysis

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the sustainable performance of Santa Catarina mesoregions from the sustainable development indicators proposed by the Santa Catarina Federation of Municipalities (FECAM). Methodology: To analyze the sustainable performance of the Santa Catarina mesoregions, a descriptive, documentary and quali-quantitative research was conducted. The study sample comprised the six mesoregions of the state of Santa Catarina, namely, Serrana, Norte Catarinense, Oeste Catarinense, Sul Catarinense, Vale do Itajaí and Grande Florianópolis. Data from the Municipal Sustainable Development Index - IDMS were collected on the FECAM website and comprise the year 2018. The analysis considered the descriptive statistics and correlation techniques. Results: The results reveal a state formed by 5 mesoregions that have a sustainable performance considered low-median, and 1 mesoregion with a sustainable average performance, which consists of the Vale do Itajaí mesoregion whose IDMS was 0.625. This result is generally reflected in the low rates of environmental management, economic dynamism and wealth distribution, demonstrating that the Economic and Environmental dimensions deserve attention from municipal public managers, as they were located between Medium-low and Low sustainable development. Neither of the four dimensions nor the consolidated IDMS of Santa Catarina mesoregions is classified with sustainable performance considered High or Medium-high. Overall, there was a slight worsening in the development of the mesoregions between 2016 and 2018. Contributions of the Study: By assessing the sustainable development of the mesoregions, the study contributes to the literature on regional indicator systems and sustainable regional development, allowing the understanding of the sustainable performance process of the municipalities that make up these mesoregions, as well as enabling the monitoring and the comparability of this performance. The study also contributes to the implementation of results-oriented management, which is the main indication of the new public management, whose emphasis is on the effective use of information.
BODY CONDITION SCORE AND SEASON OF CALVING EFFECTS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FRIESIAN COWS

Physical body condition of cows reared under tropical and subtropical conditions had an effect on productive and reproductive traits. The reproduction efficiency is considered an important factor affecting the production and economic efficiency of dairy cows. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of dam body condition score and season of calving on productive and reproductive performance of dairy cattle under hot condition. Data were collected from thirty Friesian cows raised at the experimental Farm, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University through 2013-2015 in summer and winter seasons. The body condition score (BCS) was recorded on scale 1 to 5. Cows were weighed at calving and body activity was determined. Physiological parameters (Rectal temperature, Respiration rate and Pulse rate) were measured. The traits studied represent total milk yield, daily milk yield, first estrus after calving, calving to conception interval (days open), number of services per conception, estrus rate, pregnancy rate. Two way analysis of variance was used with BCS and season of calving as fixed effect. The results showed that the physiological parameters increased in hot season. The cows with BCS of 3 to 4 can decrease their physiological parameters. Cows calved in hot season have lower weights, milk yield and body activity. Cows with BCS of 3 showed the highest movement and the heaviest amount of milk yield. Low reproductive performance was found for cows calved in summer season. It could be concluded that Friesian cows in tropics and subtropics had an ability to survive and adjusted their body to withstand high ambient temperature. Body condition score is considered an important factor to reflect ability of Friesian cows raised in hot environments.
Clock Pulse Modeling and Simulation of Push and Pull Processes in Logistics

—This paper is about a new technique to ﬁnd Petri net models for a clock pulse spotted simulation of processes in logistics and production. These models can be used to observe the raising and discharging of stocks in production in order to identify bottlenecks, to observe differences of push and pull strategies on the valued stocks, and to decide on strategic changes. For this, however, signiﬁcant preliminary tasks had to be conducted ﬁrst which are also the objective of this paper: a novel, Web-based Petri net modeling and simulation environment called Process-Simulation.Center (P-S.C) has been developed since existing tools are not at the least able to handle such sophisticated models. At the moment the tool worked properly, different approaches to model the described situation had to be compared. A teaching laboratory for logistics has been chosen as a sample application. The simulation now helps students to scale up their personal observations in the laboratory with respect to time, amount and value. This paper explains the situation in the laboratory, the new features of the P-S.C that enable the modeling of these processes, and the ﬁnding of the model itself. Finally, its development led to another, different approach to describe the teaching processes by a so called event triggered simulation that is shortly considered in contrast.
Invited Review Evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence methods, and their applications in water resources engineering: a state-of-the-art review

During the last three decades, the water resources engineering field has received a tremendous increase in the development and use of meta-heuristic algorithms like evolutionary algorithms (EA) and swarm intelligence (SI) algorithms for solving various kinds of optimization problems. The efficient design and operation of water resource systems is a challenging task and requires solutions through optimization. Further, real-life water resource management problems may involve several complexities like nonconvex, nonlinear and discontinuous functions, discrete variables, a large number of equality and inequality constraints, and often associated with multi-modal solutions. The objective function is not known analytically, and the conventional methods may face difficulties in finding optimal solutions. The issues lead to the development of various types of heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms, which proved to be flexible and potential tools for solving several complex water resources problems. This paper provides a review of state-of-the-art methods and their use in planning and management of hydrological and water resources systems. It includes a brief overview of EAs (genetic algorithms, differential evolution, evolutionary strategies, etc.) and SI algorithms (particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, etc.), and applications in the areas of water distribution networks, water supply, and wastewater systems, reservoir operation and irrigation systems, watershed management, parameter estimation of hydrological models, urban drainage and sewer networks, and groundwater systems monitoring network design and groundwater remediation. This paper also provides insights, challenges, and need for algorithmic improvements and opportunities for future applications in the water resources field, in the face of rising problem complexities and uncertainties.
Methodology to obtain highly resolved SO2 vertical profiles for representation of volcanic emissions in climate models

Abstract. In this study we describe a methodology to create high vertical resolution SO2 profiles from volcanic emissions. We demonstrate the method’s performance for the volcanic clouds following the eruption of Sarychev in June 2009. The resulting profiles are based on a combination of satellite SO2 and aerosol retrievals together with trajectory modelling. We use satellite-based measurements, namely lidar back-scattering profiles from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) satellite instrument to create vertical profiles for SO2 swaths from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua satellite. Vertical profiles are created by transporting the air containing volcanic aerosol seen in CALIOP observations using the dispersion model FLEXPART, while preserving the high vertical resolution by using the potential temperatures from the MERRA-2 meteorological data for the original CALIOP swaths. For the Sarychev eruption, air tracers from 75 CALIOP swaths within 9 days after the eruption are transported forwards and backwards, and then combined at a point in time when AIRS swaths cover the complete volcanic SO2 cloud. Our method creates vertical distributions for column density observations of SO2 for individual AIRS swaths. The resulting dataset gives insight to the height distribution in the different sub-clouds of SO2 within the stratosphere. We have compiled a gridded high vertical resolution SO2 inventory that can be used in Earth system models, with vertical resolution of 1 K in potential temperature or 61 ± 56 m and 1.8 ± 2.9 mbar.
TCRM_A_244623 437..443

Department of Cardiology, Bayan Nur Hospital of the Nei Monggol Autonomous Region, Bayan Nur City 015000, People’s Republic of China Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) combined with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently occurred. In this study, we aimed at exploring the prognostic significance of blood neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in these types of patients. Patients and Methods: Between June 30, 2010 and August 30, 2017, 1454 patients with CVD were enrolled in this study. Kaplan and Meier methodology was used for survival analysis. We also used propensity scorematching (PSM) to further compare survival in patientswith orwithout T2DM. Results: Among all patients, we applied ROC curve analysis to stratify all patients into two different groups including NLR >2.5 (n=432) and NLR≤ 2.5 (n=1022) groups. After that, we further performed survival analysis between different groups. We found that patients with NLR ≤2.5 had significantly favorable OS compared with the overall survival in patients with NLR >2.5. We further built the PSM using 242 pairs of patients who have CVD and with or without T2DM. After adjusting for competing risk factors, we performed Cox proportional hazards models to identify the independent prognostic factors in multivariable adjustment. We found that NLR ≤2.5 (HR: 2.576, 95% CI: 1.241–4.583, P =0.001) and extent of coronary artery disease (HR: 2.432, 95% CI: 1.189–4.392, P =0.005) remained independent predictors of OS. Conclusion: In conclusion, we have established an PSM model and found that a high NLR value was an independent prognostic factor for survival, predicting in patients with both CAD and T2DM. The NLR value would be a valuable biomarker to evaluate the outcomes of patients and give them opportunities for choosing alternative therapies.
EFFECT OF FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS CREDIT TO MAIZE PRODUCTOVITY IN SUMBAWANGA RURAL AND MBOZI DISTRICTS IN TANZANIA

This study aimed at examining the effect of formal financial institutions credit to maize productivity of rural smallholder farmers in Sumbawanga rural and Mbozi districts in Tanzania. The study was guided by the theory of financial intermediation and neoclassical economic growth theory. The research design was descriptive quantitative in nature where balanced panel data for the year 2018 to 2020 was used. Random effect model was used to analyses 321 sample observations of the collected secondary data which involved 107 individuals. The results indicated that formal financial institutions credit has significant and positive effect to maize productivity in rural areas. It was also revealed that formal financial institutions credit has significant and positive association with maize productivity in rural area in Tanzania. The study concludes that formal financial institutions credits are predictor of maize productivity to rural smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Thus, it is recommended that policy makers (government) should set policies that encourage the increase of financial access points, reduced transaction costs and enrolling agricultural trustworthy agents in rural areas. Keyword: : Formal financial institutions credit, smallholder farmers and maize productivity.
Takotsubo Syndrome Versus Myocardial Infarction: what is the role of Echocardiography?

Reversible left ventricle dysfunction is a key feature of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), but in the acute phase it can mimic an acute coronary syndrome, making this differentiation a significant challenge. Echocardiography is widely used in the early evaluation of these patients, and advanced imaging tools have highlighted the differences between both syndromes. The symmetrical pattern of left ventricular dysfunction, extending beyond the territory of a single coronary artery, associated with a less severe diastolic dysfunction, right ventricle involvement and a typical complete recovery of wall-motion abnormalities points towards the diagnosis of TTS. Despite all the imaging advances made so far, evaluation of coronary anatomy remains mandatory in these patients.
CURRENT STATUS OF TRANSGENIC COTTON-UTILITY OF GENOTYPE INDEPENDENT IN PLANTA APPROACHES FOR THE GENERATION OF TRANSGENICS

Cotton (Gossypium spp.), is a mercantile crop plant is grown for its fluffy fiber and cotton seed oil in around 70 countries worldwide. Cotton is an economically important crop, shows erratic productivity under rain feed conditions; it is bogged down with many biotic and abiotic stresses. Due to lack of resistant germplasm, crop improvement through conventional breeding practices has been lagging. Genetic engineering offers numerous protocols to engineer plants to overcome stress. Biotechnological intervention for cotton improvement has begun three decades ago. The recalcitrance of cotton to tissue culture has been the major constraint for in vitro regeneration. Alternate methods that evade tissue culture regeneration steps have thus been envisaged. Till date there are very few standardized protocols that can be employed to develop transgenics in a genotype independent manner. Thus, genotype independent in planta transformation strategies have gained momentum in the present days, but reproducibility of reported protocols remains an amigna in many cases. In planta transformations holds prominence due to viability and ease in generation of transgenic cotton plants with in less time. This review focuses on grouping efforts made by different research groups in this senior. Several reports and standardizations have been focused that reports development of transgenic cotton. Research Article