Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of papaya (Carica papaya) seed as phytogenic feed additives on egg performance, egg quality and blood serum biochemical constituents of layer hens

Abstract Background Supplementing poultry diets with certain natural phytogenic additives has positive impacts on performance parameters like feed intake, egg production and quality of layer hens. Objectives The study aimed to examine how supplementing papaya seed as phytogenic feed additive (PFA) to the diets of layer chickens affected their egg production, quality and blood serum biochemical parameters. Methods One hundred twenty 28‐week‐old Bovans brown laying hens were randomly assigned to one of four treatments with varying levels of papaya seed supplementation at 0 g/kg (T1), 5 g/kg (T2), 10 g/kg (T3) and 15 g/kg (T4) in a complete randomized design. Result Layer chickens supplemented with 0.5% (T2), 1% (T3) and 1.5% (T4) papaya seed as a PFA had significantly (p < 0.05) improved dry matter intake, egg production%, egg mass and feed conversion. On the other hand, papaya seed supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the bodyweight gain of laying hens. Papaya seed supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) increased egg weight, length, width, yolk height and yolk colour compared to the control group. Serum total protein on T4 and liver enzyme of alkaline phosphatase on T3 were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than in the control group. However, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in serum albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and aspartate aminotransferase levels among treatments laying hens. Conclusion Papaya seed can be a potential candidate as a PFA at 5–15 g/kg of the basal diet to improve egg‐laying performance and quality without deteriorating effect.
Detecting lineaments of Athabasca region by integrated geophysical data interpretation

Summary A High Resolution Aeromagnetic (HRAM) survey in conjunction with reflection seismic data is used to investigate the intrasedimentary structural elements in Athabasca region, northeast of Alberta. This area covers a part of Athabasca oil sand deposits and is under investigation for petroleum and geothermal development. Therefore describing the structural elements has a significant role to indicate the sweet spots for such developments in the sedimentary basin. In the present work qualitative interpretation methods such as multi-direction derivatives and modeling are applied to the HRAM with the final goal of enhancing signature of intrasedimentary lineaments. On the basis of amplitude and wavelength, some short wavelength and high amplitude shallow linear anomalies are recegnized which turn out to be related to intrusive bodies deeper than 200 m and thicker than 60 m. These features seem to have a common upper stratigraphic limit within the late Devonian to early Cretaceous sediments and have a root in the basement crystaline rocks. Having the ability to correlate the location and depth of these structural features on the reflection seismic data ensure the accuracy of our HRAM interpretation.
A Note on Rotational and Divergent Eddy Fluxes

Abstract If the deviation of mean flow from mean temperature contours is small, it is shown that a part of the eddy heat flux can be separated out which circulates around eddy potential energy contours, and has a component up/down the mean temperature gradient if there is flow advection of eddy potential energy into/out of the region. If the mean flow is strong, this rotational flux is large and results in regions of up- and downgradient flux. It is a prominent feature of maps of geostrophic eddy fluxes in the ocean and atmosphere.
Composition and Diversity of Plant Communities in Sand Formations Along the Northern Coast of the Nile Delta in Egypt.

The present study aims to investigate the floristic composition and diversity of plant communities and relation to soil variables in sand formations along the northern sector of the Nile Delta region. One hundred stands were selected to represent the variations in sand formation habitats (sand dunes and sand flats). Ninety two species belonging to 27 families and related to 78 genera were recorded. The classification of vegetation using the two way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) resulted in the four vegetation groups named after the first and second dominant species: group A) Rumex pictus - Cutandia memphitica, group B) Elymus farctus Cakile maritima, group C) Senecio glaucus - Rumex pictus and group D) Erodium laciniatum - Echinops spinosus, which attained the lowest species richness. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) showed that these groups were clearly distinguished by the first two DCA axes. Soil texture, organic carbon, pH value, chlorides, calcium carbonate and sulphates showed significant correlations with some dominant species and vegetation groups, these results suggest the effective role of these soil variables in the sand formations community
Reply to Quaas et al.: Can satellites be used to estimate indirect climate forcing by aerosols?

We welcome the comments by Quaas et al. (1). In our paper (2), we used a model to show that the methods used to estimate indirect aerosol forcing using satellite data, especially those based on relating the slope of present-day (PD) drop number (Nc) to aerosol optical depth (AOD), underestimate the forcing calculated when both PD and preindustrial (PI) data are available. [↵][1]1To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: penner{at}umich.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
Regulatory T Cell Inhibition by P60 Combined with Adenoviral AFP Transduced Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

ABSTRACT Background & Aims Vaccination with tumor-associated antigen-pulsed dendritic cells leads to specific T-cell response against hepatocellular carcinoma. However, clinical response has been shown to be limited. High regulatory T-cell count is associated with poor prognosis and seems to mediate immune tolerance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Forkhead box P3-peptide inhibitor P60 has been shown to specifically inhibit regulatory T-cell function in murine models. Aim of this study was to investigate whether P60 can improve the immune response induced by vaccination with adenovirus-transduced dendritic cells expressing alpha-fetoprotein in subcutaneous and orthotopic murine models for hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Mice developing subcutaneous or orthotopic HCC received daily treatment with P60 starting at different tumor stages. Additionally, mice were vaccinated twice with dendritic cells expressing alpha-fetoprotein. Results In a preventive setting prior to tumor engraftment, vaccination with alpha-fetoprotein-expressing dendritic cells significantly decreased tumor growth in a subcutaneous model (p = .0256), but no further effects were achieved by addition of P60. However, P60 enhanced the antitumoral effect of a vaccination with alpha-fetoprotein-expressing dendritic cells in established subcutaneous and orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by high Treg levels (p = .011). Conclusion In this study, we showed that vaccination with alpha-fetoprotein-expressing dendritic cells in combination with a specific inhibition of regulatory T-cells by using P60 leads to synergistic tumor inhibition and prolonged survival. This emphasizes the importance of regulatory T-cells inhibition for obtaining an effective antitumoral immune response in hepatocellular carcinoma.
A Pilot Study Investigating Plasma Protein Electrophoresis in One Anuran and Six Urodelan Species

Abstract: As threats to amphibian health increase, there is a growing need for diagnostic tools to assess and monitor their health status. Plasma protein electrophoresis has proven to be useful in other nonmammalian species. It enables quantification of protein fractions in plasma that may be altered in various disease processes, and is therefore useful in narrowing down differential diagnoses and detecting inflammation, in combination with other modalities such as biochemical and hematologic testing. The amphibian electrophoretogram must be defined before baseline reference intervals are obtained across species. Agarose gel electrophoresis was performed on plasma samples collected from presumed clinically normal individuals of one anuran and six urodelans: Osteopilus septentrionalis (n=2), Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (n=1), Notophthalmus viridescens (n=1), Eurycea guttolineata (n=2), Amphiuma tridactylum (n=2), Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (n=5), and Siren lacertina (n=6). The electrophoretograms varied in number of fractions between each species; however, the number of fractions was consistent within a species. An albumin migrating fraction was consistently observed in all species. A prealbumin migrating fraction was identified in species that primarily use organs other than skin for respiration. This study provides preliminary examples of a normal plasma protein electrophoretogram for seven amphibian species. Further studies quantifying reference intervals and identification of protein fractions will help establish protein electrophoresis as a useful tool in amphibian health investigations.
Comparative study on estimating reference evapotranspiration under limited climate data condition in Malawi

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) missing data procedure was employed in this study to verify its suitability under the climatic environment of Malawi. The performance of the procedure was analysed by regressing ETo estimated from the world wide recommended FAO penman Monteith (FPM) model with full data set versus FPM value computed with limited data. The coefficients of determination (r 2 ), standard errors of estimates (SEE) and estimates rates (Rate) were used for evaluating the model performance in five production sites in Malawi including Karonga, Chitedze, Kasungu, Chileka and Ngabu. The study shows the suitability of the FAO procedure to estimate other climatic variables which are required in FPM model when only temperature data is available under the semiarid environment of Malawi. However in areas of high wind speed like Karonga and Chileka, care must be taken while applying the procedure when both wind and relative humidity are missing. Additionally, it is observed that the model performances improved while seasonal based estimation is applied. Therefore, the seasonal based consideration should be recommended accounting for the climatic variation between the seasons. The missing data estimation procedure may help to solve part of the irrigation planning and management problem due to the meteorological data unavailability in some areas of Malawi.
The immersion mode ice nucleation behavior of mineral dusts: A comparison of different pure and surface modified dusts

In this study we present results from immersion freezing experiments with size‐segregated mineral dust particles. Besides two already existing data sets for Arizona Test Dust (ATD), and Fluka kaolinite, we show two new data sets for illite‐NX, which consists mainly of illite, a clay mineral, and feldspar, a common crustal material. The experiments were carried out with the Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator. After comparing the different dust samples, it became obvious that the freezing ability was positively correlated with the K‐feldspar content. Furthermore, a comparison of the composition of the ATD, illite‐NX, and feldspar samples suggests that within the K‐feldspars, microcline is more ice nucleation active than orthoclase. A coating with sulfuric acid leads to a decrease in the ice nucleation ability of all mineral dusts, with the effect being more pronounced for the feldspar sample.
Monovalent Omicron COVID-19 vaccine triggers superior neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron subvariants than Delta and Omicron bivalent vaccine

ABSTRACT The continuous evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants poses a challenge to determine the optimal updated composition of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. The present study aimed to investigate the immunogenicity of the Delta monovalent vaccine, the Omicron monovalent vaccine, and the Delta and Omicron BA.1 bivalent vaccine. Three COVID-19 vaccines were designed using the heterologous DNA prime-protein boost strategy, with each vaccine containing either Delta receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein, Omicron RBD, or both Delta and Omicron antigens. Temporal serum antibody binding titers and neutralizing antibody titers induced by the three vaccines in New Zealand White rabbits were analyzed. To further dissect the vaccine elicited antibodies (mAb) responses at the molecular level, a panel of rabbit monoclonal antibodies (RmAbs) was generated by a high-throughput single B cell sorting and discovery pipeline and further comprehensively characterized. The Omicron monovalent vaccine induced higher antibody binding titers and neutralization activities than the Delta and Omicron bivalent vaccine. Four RmAbs with robust neutralization capacity were isolated from rabbits immunized with the Omicron or Delta monovalent vaccine. Notably, 9E11 isolated from the Omicron monovalent vaccine group neutralized all the Omicron subvariants with an IC50 value ranging from 1.5 to 503.6 ng/mL; thus, this vaccine could serve as a prophylactic and therapeutic intervention. Given the increasing incidence of COVID-19 cases due to the Omicron variant, RBD from the Omicron strain could serve as a candidate immunogen that can induce higher neutralization activities against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages.
Epidemiology of mature T/NK‐cell lymphomas in Germany – A representative cross‐sectional study based on SHI claims data

Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are rare skin tumors of lymphoproliferative neoplasms and belong to the heterogeneous group of non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas. PCL encompass a broad spectrum of clinical and histologic manifestations, with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) being the most common (73%). Due to the rarity of the diseases, population‐based studies of care and epidemiology are limited.
Association of torpedo maculopathy and keratoconus in a young patient: A multimodal imaging study

Purpose To report and document a case of torpedo maculopathy found in a patient affected by keratoconus. Case report: An healthy 16-year-old male patient, affected by keratoconus in both eyes, was referred to the cornea service of our hospital for a follow-up visit. During the dilated fundus examination of the left eye, an oval, well-demarcated, hypopigmented lesion was observed in the juxtafoveal temporal region, pointing towards the center of the macula. Multimodal imaging of the lesion was performed, and the diagnosis of Torpedo Maculopathy was established based on the clinical picture. Conclusion This is the first case of torpedo maculopathy described in a patient affected by keratoconus. This association may be merely fortuitous or the result of developmental abnormalities affecting both corneal and retinal structures.
A prospective study to analyse the concentration of octenidine in hand wounds after disinfection by LC–MS/MS

Abstract Toxic reactions can appear after pressurised flushing of soft tissue with octenidine (OCT) containing disinfectants. Their use for surgical disinfection could complicate the diagnosis of possible contamination. In patients with open lacerations of their hand's subcutaneous tissue samples were taken before and after surgical disinfection with Octenisept® and analysed by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). In 16 out of 20 tissue samples, OCT was detected after disinfection (lower limit of quantification (LLOQ)=10 pg/mL/mg). The concentration of OCT was below the LLOQ, estimation of mean of 0.6 pg/mL/mg (0.22–0.98 pg/mL/mg, 95%‐CI) before disinfection and mean of 179.4 pg/mL/mg (13.35–432.0 pg/mL/mg, 95%‐CI) after disinfection. This study shows that the disinfection of open wounds with Octenisept® leads to a quantifiable concentration of OCT in open wounds. In cases of suspected OCT‐mediated toxic reaction, the use of antiseptics containing OCT should be avoided.
INDICES OF BLUE, MAKO AND THRESHER SHARK ABUNDANCE DERIVED FROM U.S. ATLANTIC RECREATIONAL FISHERY DATA

SUMMARY Standardized indices of abundance were derived for blue, Prionace glauca, shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, and thresher, Alopias vulpinus, sharks using data from recreational shark tournaments in the state of Massachusetts for the years 1991 through 2006, and for blue and shortfin mako sharks using data from the private and charter boat recreational anglers covered by the National Marine Fisheries Service Marine Recreational Fishery Statistics Survey (MRFSS), for the years 1981 through 2005. For both the MRFSS and Massachusetts tournament data, the catch per unit effort (CPUE) data were standardized using a general linear model (GLM) with year, region and tournament included as explanatory variables in the tournament data, and year, season, fishing mode (private versus charter boat) and region included as explanatory variables in the MFRFSS data. The best fit model was chosen using the Akaike information criterion (AIC). For the tournament data, blue shark CPUE increased through the late 1990s and then declined, while shortfin mako sharks showed the opposite pattern. Thresher shark CPUEs were low and variable, but appeared to increase in recent years. For the MRFSS data, significant interactions between year, area, season and fishing mode complicate interpretation of annual trends. RESUME
Revised palaeoclimatic significance of Mueller Glacier moraines, Southern Alps, New Zealand

A sequence of Late Holocene moraines on the foreland of the Mueller Glacier, Southern Alps, New Zealand, forms part of a local moraine‐age database used to establish a regional glacier chronology and subsequently to investigate potential intra‐hemispheric and global climate forcing mechanisms. We present new sedimentological and geomorphological evidence that a set of these moraine ridges, previously considered to represent individual advances, constitutes a single moraine complex (the ‘Mueller Memorial Moraine’) formed by supraglacial transport of a large volume of landslide debris to the glacier terminus. Because a moraine formed in this way is not necessarily associated with an advance triggered by a climate event, we question the palaeoclimatic significance of the Mueller Memorial Moraine, as well as that of other moraines in comparable settings. Our findings suggest that the mode of formation and glacio‐dynamical context of moraines whose ages contribute to existing palaeoclimate reconstructions need to be re‐examined in order to assess the reliability of these reconstructions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detailed Phytochemical Evaluation of a Locally Endemic Species (Campanula baskilensis) by LC‐MS/MS and Its In‐Depth Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

The importance of bioactive plant species in the scientific world is increasing day by day. The relationship between health and traditional‐modern life, promotes the creation of new value‐added natural products. This is the first research to conduct a bioactivity and chemical composition analysis of Campanula baskilensis species, which belongs to the medicinally important genus Campanula L (Campanulaceae). The aim of the current study is to quantitatively investigate the phytochemical contents of aerial and root parts of different C. baskilensis extracts (ethanol, methanol, and water) by LC‐MS/MS and to evaluate their total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Remarkably, LC‐MS/MS results revealed that, high amounts of quinic acid (53.6 mg/g aerial‐MeOH extract), fumaric acid (6.3 mg/g aerial‐H2O extract, 2.5 mg/g root‐H2O extract), protocatechuic acid (11.4 mg/g aerial‐H2O extract), vanillic acid (1.4 mg/g aerial‐EtOH extract), quercetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside (rutin) (2.3 mg/g aerial‐EtOH extract), hesperetin 7‐rutinoside (hesperidin) (2.0 mg/g aerial‐EtOH extract), kaempferol‐3‐O‐rutinoside (nicotiflorin) (5.5 mg/g aerial‐EtOH extract) were detected in the extracts of the species. Considering the bioactivity tests performed on C. baskilensis extracts, aerial‐H2O extract showed significant activity in all antioxidant assays. However, ethanol extracts of root and aerial parts exhibited the highest activities in all enzyme inhibitory tests.
Designing a comprehensive minimum dataset for patients with COVID-19 in Iranian hospital information systems

Background: The Minimum Data Set (MDS) plays a vital role in data exchange, collection and quality improvement. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for a tailored MDS that aligns with the specific information needs of the Iranian community and integrates seamlessly into the country’s Hospital Information Systems (HIS). Objective: The study aimed to develop a comprehensive MDS for COVID-19 patients in Iran, with objectives to identify essential data elements and integrate the MDS into HIS, enhancing data exchange and supporting decision-making. Method: This study employed a comparative-descriptive approach to design COVID-19 patient data elements based on World Health Organisation and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. The Delphi technique involved 35 experts in two rounds for checklist refinement. The finalised MDS consisted of 9 main terms and 80 sub-terms, analysed using descriptive statistics and IBM SPSS software. Results: Of 35 experts involved with the study, 69% were male and 31% female, and Health Information Management experts were the majority (34%). The refined MDS for COVID-19 in Iran comprises 50 data elements, while 30 elements were excluded. The MDS includes 8 main terms and 80 sub-terms, with unanimous approval for identity, underlying disease, and treatment sections. Conclusion: The customised MDS for COVID-19 patients in Iran addresses data collection challenges and supports effective disease prevention and management. By providing comprehensive and reliable information, the MDS enhances healthcare quality, facilitates timely access to medical records, and fosters integrated health services.
Increased hippocampal blood flow in people at clinical high risk for psychosis and effects of cannabidiol.

BACKGROUND Hippocampal hyperperfusion has been observed in people at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR), is associated with adverse longitudinal outcomes and represents a potential treatment target for novel pharmacotherapies. Whether cannabidiol (CBD) has ameliorative effects on hippocampal blood flow (rCBF) in CHR patients remains unknown. METHODS Using a double-blind, parallel-group design, 33 CHR patients were randomized to a single oral 600 mg dose of CBD or placebo; 19 healthy controls did not receive any drug. Hippocampal rCBF was measured using Arterial Spin Labeling. We examined differences relating to CHR status (controls v. placebo), effects of CBD in CHR (placebo v. CBD) and linear between-group relationships, such that placebo > CBD > controls or controls > CBD > placebo, using a combination of hypothesis-driven and exploratory wholebrain analyses. RESULTS Placebo-treated patients had significantly higher hippocampal rCBF bilaterally (all pFWE<0.01) compared to healthy controls. There were no suprathreshold effects in the CBD v. placebo contrast. However, we found a significant linear relationship in the right hippocampus (pFWE = 0.035) such that rCBF was highest in the placebo group, lowest in controls and intermediate in the CBD group. Exploratory wholebrain results replicated previous findings of hyperperfusion in the hippocampus, striatum and midbrain in CHR patients, and provided novel evidence of increased rCBF in inferior-temporal and lateral-occipital regions in patients under CBD compared to placebo. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that hippocampal blood flow is elevated in the CHR state and may be partially normalized by a single dose of CBD. CBD therefore merits further investigation as a potential novel treatment for this population.