Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Being at Risk of Stroke and Its Determinant Factors among Hypertensive Patients in Banyumas, Indonesia

Background The global burden of stroke is still high, particularly in developing countries, with hypertension serving as the main risk factor. The awareness of stroke among hypertensive patients is crucial for stroke prevention. This study was aimed at identifying the awareness of being at risk of stroke and its determinant factors among hypertensive patients in Banyumas, Indonesia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia, from April to August 2019. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the representatives' PHCs. Hypertensive patients who came regularly to the PHCs were consecutively recruited. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire and medical records. The main outcome was the level of participants' awareness of being at risk of stroke. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to measure determinant factors associated with the level of awareness. Results Out of 457 patients investigated, 77.46% had a low level of awareness. Low knowledge of hypertension, low income, and no history of previous stroke were associated with a low-level of awareness (odds ratio (OR) 1.942, 95% CI 1.195-3.158, p 0.007; OR 2.321, 95% CI 1.326-4.064, p 0.003; and OR 6.033, 95% CI 2.450-14.858, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion Majority of hypertensive patients were unaware of being at risk of stroke. Knowledge of hypertension, income, and history of previous stroke are factors that may influence the awareness of being at risk of stroke among them. This emphasizes the need to provide better campaigns and education programs to raise the awareness of stroke in a community setting, particularly for the population at risk.
Methodologies for soil extraction and conservation analysis of ferns and lycophytes with belowground gametophytes

Abstract Premise Studies of fern and lycophyte gametophyte biology in natural settings can be challenging, but such analyses are critical to understanding the dispersal, ecology, and conservation of these species. It is especially challenging to study species whose gametophytes and early sporophyte stages develop belowground, as is the case for species of the Ophioglossaceae, Psilotaceae, some species of the Schizeaceae (Actinostachys), and some species of the Lycopodiaceae. To study these taxa, gametophytes and young sporophytes must be extracted from the soil. Methods In 1989, Mason and Farrar described a methodology for accomplishing the collection of belowground gametophytes and sporophytes using soil centrifugation. Here, we refine this procedure based on subsequent years of experience. Results We found that many more sporophytes exist belowground than are represented by aboveground leaves, and that belowground sporophytes can survive indefinitely without production of aboveground leaves. Belowground gametophytes are common in areas where spore‐releasing sporophyte leaves are present. Gametophytes are bisexual with male and female gametangia intermixed. Some species of Botrychium also reproduce asexually belowground through production of gemmae. Discussion We conclude that in Botrychium, assessments of population health and structure must include analyses of the belowground plants and their habitat. Conservation management strategies must also include potential changes in the belowground habitat.
Gibbs measures for hyperbolic attractors defined by densities

In this article we will describe a new construction for Gibbs measures for hyperbolic attractors generalizing the original construction of Sinai, Bowen and Ruelle of SRB measures. The classical construction of the SRB measure is based on pushing forward the normalized volume on a piece of unstable manifold. By modifying the density at each step appropriately we show that the resulting measure is a prescribed Gibbs measure. This contrasts with, and complements, the construction of Climenhaga-Pesin-Zelerowicz who replace the volume on the unstable manifold by a fixed reference measure. Moreover, the simplicity of our proof, which uses only explicit properties on the growth rate of unstable manifold and entropy estimates, has the additional advantage that it applies in more general settings.
On Robustness of Individualized Decision Rules

Abstract With the emergence of precision medicine, estimating optimal individualized decision rules (IDRs) has attracted tremendous attention in many scientific areas. Most existing literature has focused on finding optimal IDRs that can maximize the expected outcome for each individual. Motivated by complex individualized decision making procedures and the popular conditional value at risk (CVaR) measure, we propose a new robust criterion to estimate optimal IDRs in order to control the average lower tail of the individuals’ outcomes. In addition to improving the individualized expected outcome, our proposed criterion takes risks into consideration, and thus the resulting IDRs can prevent adverse events. The optimal IDR under our criterion can be interpreted as the decision rule that maximizes the “worst-case” scenario of the individualized outcome when the underlying distribution is perturbed within a constrained set. An efficient non-convex optimization algorithm is proposed with convergence guarantees. We investigate theoretical properties for our estimated optimal IDRs under the proposed criterion such as consistency and finite sample error bounds. Simulation studies and a real data application are used to further demonstrate the robust performance of our methods. Several extensions of the proposed method are also discussed. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Modeling GDP Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model: A Systematic Review

This paper examines the application of the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model in modeling GDP. The paper critically reviews the empirical literature on the application of ARIMA models in modeling GDP in various economies with the objective of establishing the appropriateness and popularity of ARIMA model in studying GDP. The paper concludes that ARIMA (2, 2, 2) and ARIMA (3, 1, 1) are significantly applied in studies involving 182-days treasury bills and ARIMA (1, 1, 0) 91-days treasury bills respectively. This paper proposes the application of Q-statistic for autocorrelation, Jarque-Bera (JB) test for normality and Box-Jenkins analysis for model identification and estimation, diagnosis as well as forecasting. The paper further presents that the correlogram of real GDP rate series can be used for GDP modeling, specifically recommending the application of ARCH and GARCH family models in studies involving the analysis of treasury bills. Lastly, this paper recommends the adoption of the expenditure approach to measure GDP and proposes a model that can be adopted in GDP modeling. Using
Competencies of Accounting Professionals and Quality of Financial Reporting: Evidence from Enterprises in Thailand

Quality financial reporting positively benefits business development and economic decisions. It is essential for growth-oriented enterprises to ensure the quality of financial reporting to enhance performance. This study empirically examined accounting professionals’ opinions on their competencies and quality in financial reporting. The data were collected from 381 samples. The instruments used for data collection were a self-administered survey and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the overall mean scores of competencies and quality of financial reporting were 4.31 and 4.37 respectively. Consequently, for higher levels of competency, this study suggests enhancing the following issues: professional knowledge (namely on economics, taxation and business laws and regulations), professional ethics (namely in finance and financial management), operational skills (namely financial reporting skills), organizational management skills (namely on business and organization of the environment) and adaptive skills for the digital age (namely information technology). In addition, for higher report quality, this study suggests enhancing the following areas: relevance to decision-making (such as objectives, procedures and methods), credibility (namely assurance and audit) and verifiability (namely governance, risk management and internal control). The findings of this study contribute what has been theoretically ignored and may be part of the revised conceptual framework suggested for future inquiry.
Epidemiological Trend of Cancer among Patients at Regional Cancer Center, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur: A Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India

Background- In present scenario, there is a lack of well established population based cancer registry in the state of Chhattisgarh. Therefore hospital records can play a major role in filling the gap. Cancer data from Chhattisgarh are very much limited. Hence, this study was planned based on hospital records of cancer patients registered at Regional cancer centre, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Materials and Methods- It is a record based retrospective study conducted at Regional cancer centre, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur. Patient records were obtained from Medical Record department and relevant information was extracted from them for the present study. Results- A total of 16,395 patients were registered at the RCC during the 5 year period i.e. 2011 to 2015, were included in this study. The male: female ratio was found to be 1:1.33 approximately. Majority of the male and female patients were from 45-59 years age group. Most commonly reported cancer among male and female patients were oral cancer and cervical cancer respectively. Conclusion- Oral cancer were more common among males where as gynaecological cancers like cervical and breast cancer were more prevalent among females, more over ovarian cancer came into notice with increasing trend. Females are victims of cancer at an early age in comparison to male counterparts. Key words: Cancer, Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Chhattisgarh, Behaviour Change Communication (BCC)
Predictors of young consumer’s green purchase behaviour

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that predict green purchase behaviour of young educated consumers in Delhi. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was carried out on a sample of 1,502 young educated consumers. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the predictive power of considered variables towards green purchasing. Findings – Results indicate that the variables under study predicted green purchase behaviour of young educated consumers of Delhi in the following descending order: social influence, attitude towards green purchase, perceived environmental knowledge, recycling participation, ecolabelling and exposure to environmental messages through the media. Research limitations/implications – The sample considered in the study was restricted to Delhi only. Further, the predictive power of only a few variables was examined. Practical implications – The paper identifies key predictors of consumers’ green purchase behaviour, enabling practitioners to understand whi.
Clinical Phenotype and Management of Severe Neurotoxicity Observed in Patients with Neuroblastoma Treated with Dinutuximab Beta in Clinical Trials

Simple Summary Neurotoxicity is an on-target side effect of GD2-directed immunotherapy due to the expression of GD2 on healthy cells. Patients with high-risk neuroblastoma who receive treatment with anti-GD2 immunotherapy, therefore, require close observation and supportive management to improve treatment tolerance and avoid the persistence of neurological symptoms. This study reports on the incidence, clinical course and management of patients who experienced neurotoxicity due to treatment with the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab beta, given with or without interleukin-2, in two clinical trials. The majority of severe neurotoxic events were observed in patients treated with dinutuximab beta combined with interleukin-2, with most patients recovering following supportive management. Given the increased risk of neurotoxic events and the lack of clinical benefit reported for the combination treatment in clinical trials, adding interleukin-2 to dinutuximab beta therapy is not recommended. The clinical experiences described here may aid clinicians in managing neurotoxicity associated with dinutuximab beta more effectively. Abstract Neurotoxicity is an off-tumour, on-target side effect of GD2-directed immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies. Here, we report the frequency, management and outcome of patients enrolled in two prospective clinical trials who experienced severe neurotoxicity during immunotherapy with the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab beta (DB) administered as short-term infusion (HR-NBL1/SIOPEN study, randomisation R2, EudraCT 2006-001489-17) or as long-term infusion (HR-NBL1/SIOPEN study, randomisation R4, EudraCT 2006-001489-17 and LTI/SIOPEN study, EudraCT 2009-018077-31), either alone or with subcutaneous interleukin-2 (scIL-2). The total number of patients included in this analysis was 1102. Overall, 44/1102 patients (4.0%) experienced Grade 3/4 neurotoxicities (HR-NBL1 R2, 21/406; HR-NBL1 R4, 8/408; LTI study, 15/288), including 27 patients with severe neurotoxicities (2.5%). Events occurred predominantly in patients receiving combined treatment with DB and scIL-2. Neurotoxicity was treated using dexamethasone, prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulins and, in two patients, plasmapheresis, which was highly effective. While neurological recovery was observed in 16 of 21 patients with severe neurotoxicities, 5/1102 (0.45%) patients experienced persistent and severe neurological deficits. In conclusion, severe neurotoxicity is most commonly observed in patients receiving DB with scIL-2. Considering the lack of clinical benefit for IL-2 in clinical trials so far, the administration of IL-2 alongside DB is not recommended.
Thyrotropic effects of balneotherapy in Truskavets’ spa and their endocrine, vegetative and metabolic accompaniments

Background. Previous studies of the Truskavetsian Scientific School of Balneology have studied the effects of course use of bioactive water Naftussya - the main therapeutic factor of the spa - on plasma levels of thyroid hormones in males and females healthy rats and women with thyroid hyperplasia. In men with chronic cholecystitis, the immediate thyrotropic effects of a single use of Naftussya water have been studied. The aim of this study is thyrotropic effects of balneotherapy in Truskavets’ spa and their endocrine, vegetative and metabolic accompaniments in men and women with chronic cholecystitis and pyelonephritis. Materials and Methods. The object of clinical-physiological observation were 34 men (23-70 years) and 10 women (39-76 years), who underwent rehabilitation treatment of chronic cholecystitis and pyelonephritis in remission in the Truskavets’ spa. The examination was performed twice, before and after a 7-10-day course of balneotherapy. The main object of study was the plasma level of Triiodothyronine. We determined also content in plasma Cortisol, Aldosterone, Testosterone and Calcitonin as well as the parameters of the HRV and metabolism. Results. We find in 16 patients (12 men and 4 women) inhibitory thyrotropic effect, in 22 (16 men and 6 women) neutral, and in 6 men only – enhancing effect of balneotherapy. Each variant of the thyrotropic effect is accompanied by characteristic changes in testosteronemia, calcitoninemia, parathyroid activity, Heart Rate, Baevskiy’s Activity Regulatory Systems Index, HRV-markers of vagal tone, Calciemia as well as VLD and LD lipoproteins Cholesterol plasma. Conclusion. Our data confirmed and supplemented the provisions on the multivariate effects of balneotherapy in the spa of Truskavets’ on the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems and metabolism of patients.
Private Funds for Ordinary People: Fees, Flows & Performance

We study private funds available to retail investors of modest wealth. Our sample covers unlisted real estate investment trusts (REITs) for superior cash flow and fee data. Fee structures are skewed toward performance-insensitive components of the compensation contract, particularly front-end loads. The average unlisted REIT underperforms the listed benchmark by 6.5% per year, 5% of which is attributable to fees. Unlisted REITs underper-forminstitutional-grade privateequityrealestatefunds.Feespaidtoinvestmentadvisorsalso explain fundraising success, while past performance does not. The underperformance is consistent with the consequences of managerial conflicts of interest, inadequate governance mechanisms, opaque disclosure, and poor investment advice.
Job design under lean manufacturing and the quality of working life: a job demands and resources perspective

Studies examining the relationship between lean manufacturing and employee well-being to date have yielded contradictory findings, whereby positive, negative and contingent effects have all been demonstrated. These inconsistencies are partly attributed to the absence of an appropriate model that captures the complex job design associated with this context and its relationship with employee outcomes. In this paper, we propose and test a model of job design under lean manufacturing using the job demands-resources framework to capture the distinct motivational and health-impairing potential of this context. Data from 200 employees from a multinational pharmaceutical manufacturer with extensive levels of long-term lean usage supported the direct and interactive effects of lean-specific resources and demands in the prediction of employee work engagement and exhaustion. The findings encourage lean users to minimise the health-impairing potential of its demands and utilise their motivational potential by complementing them with the appropriate job resources necessary to cope with a high-involvement, fast-paced work environment.
Stock return synchronicity in a weak information environment: evidence from African markets

PurposeThis study investigates the level of stock return synchronicity in African markets with the aim of establishing whether, contrary to conventional wisdom, stock return synchronicity can be low in countries with relatively weak information environments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a sample of five African countries (Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa) and a total of 616 firms over the period 2005–2015. This study's main measure of synchronicity is the R2 from a regression of stock returns on index returns. The authors also carry out regression analysis to investigate the main firm-level drivers of synchronicity.FindingsOn average, firms in African markets do not exhibit high levels of stock return synchronicity, providing support for the view that stock return synchronicity can be low in markets with relatively weak transparency. The authors, however, observe an increase in the level of synchronicity during the global financial crisis, notably for Ghana and Kenya. In the regression analysis, the main firm-level driver of synchronicity is firm size, while contrary to some previous studies, ownership structure has no impact. The authors also find evidence of the impact of changes in accounting regulation, notably the mandatory adoption of IFRS, on the level stock synchronicity.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the understanding of stock return synchronicity and how price discovery can vary between different information environments. The authors argue that stock returns in African countries may not always fit the stereotypical view that they are synchronous. The level of synchronicity among firms suggests that corporate events may carry some stock price implications.
Evaluation of the Effect of the Nifuratel - Nystatin Combination to Treat Bacterial Vaginosis in Postmenopausal Women, Armenia, Colombia, 2013-2016

Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis, or vaginal dysbiosis, is one of the most common vaginal conditions, characterized by a pathological change in the vaginal microbiota. Objective: To establish the effect of the nifuratel - nystatin combination to treat bacterial vaginosis in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: Cohort study in 57 sexually active postmenopausal women, who consulted for vaginal discharge syndrome, in which the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made; between 2013 and 2016. In a private clinic in Armenia (Colombia). The effect was evaluated by observing the disappearance of symptoms in the first follow-up (seven days after initiating the treatment) and with the Amsel criteria and the Nugent score one month after the end of therapy. The dose used was nifuratel 500 mg - nystatin 200,000 IU intravaginally daily for six days. Convenience sampling was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The mean age of the women was 57.36 ± 4.28 years. The most frequent symptom was white-grayish vaginal discharge in 91.22% of the participants, followed by bad odor in 85.96%. In the seven-day follow-up, the symptoms disappeared in 94.73% of the patients. In the month's follow-up, 89.47% of the women reported absence of symptoms; which was confirmed with the Amsel criteria and a median Nugent score of 3. Therapeutic failure, at one month, was 10.52% (n = 6/57). In none of the patients there were adverse reactions. Conclusions: The nifuratel - nystatin combination reports a notable effect to treat bacterial vaginosis in postmenopausal women; being well tolerated and without adverse reactions. Randomized controlled clinical trials of its efficacy and safety in larger populations are required in order to establish recurrence rates.
Internal migrant trajectories within The Netherlands, 1850–1972: Applying cluster analysis and dissimilarity tree methods

Abstract Based on the life course perspective, this work adopts a sequence analysis approach to examine internal migrant trajectories and their interdependencies with life course factors. The analyses are based on longitudinal data from the Historical Sample of the Netherlands. The internal migrant trajectories of Dutch cohorts born between 1850 and 1922 are followed from birth until age fifty. Two sequence analysis methods are applied: (1) main migration patterns are described using cluster analysis, and explained by their associations with socio-demographic covariates using logit models; (2) migrant trajectory variations are investigated using a dissimilarity tree method with a discrepancy analysis. Seven distinct migrant trajectory patterns are derived from the cluster analysis. Early-life social status, place and region of origin are differently associated to these typologies, and an increased stability of specific trajectories over time is suggested. Fifteen homogeneous migrant trajectories are identified in the dissimilarity tree. The discrepancy between groups is explained by intricate interactions between birth cohort, social and place origin, as well as family formation. The cluster analysis suggests a stable regime of internal migration patterns over time. The dissimilarity tree method contributes to detect interdependencies of migrant trajectories, highlighting socio-economic, local and regional differences at birth.