Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prolonged phloem feeding by the spotted lanternfly, an invasive planthopper, alters resource allocation and inhibits gas exchange in grapevines

Abstract Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula White; SLF) is a phloem‐feeding planthopper invasive to the Eastern United States that can feed on a range of wild and cultivated plant species. Since its 2014 introduction in the United States, large infestations and subsequent economic damage have been reported in cultivated grapevines, but no studies have detailed grapevine physiological responses to SLF phloem feeding. This study investigated grapevine‐SLF interactions, detailing how different infestation densities affect leaf gas exchange and end‐season concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates and nitrogen in vegetative and perennial tissues of two Vitis species. Effects on fruit ripeness parameters and dormant bud freeze tolerance were examined, in addition to other year‐after effects. Phloem feeding by low densities (≤4 SLF shoot−1) had minimal effects, whereas greater densities (5–15 SLF shoot−1) increasingly affected carbohydrate and nitrogen dynamics in both Vitis species. Phloem feeding substantially affected starch and, to a lesser extent, total nitrogen concentrations of woody roots. Prolonged exposure strongly reduced leaf gas exchange. We conclude that intensive late‐season phloem feeding by large adult SLF population densities (≥8 SLF shoot−1) can induce carbon limitation, with the potential for negative year‐after effects in cases of severe belowground carbon depletion. This work presents novel insights into SLF‐grapevine interactions, identifies avenues of future SLF‐plant research, and assists the development of action thresholds for SLF management in vineyards.
Increasing the tourists' revisit intention by paying attention to tourist satisfaction at the Gong Cave Pacitan tourist destination.

This study explores empirical evidence of the relationship between tourist attractions and service quality and the revisit intention to Gong Cave Pacitan Tourist Destination by considering the mediation effect of tourist satisfaction. A total of 155 tourists who visited Gong Cave Tourism Object voluntarily at least twice participated in this study. Smart PLS 3.0 software is used to perform modelling of Least Squares Partial structure equations and hypothesis testing. The results show that tourist attractions and service quality do not affect tourists' revisit intention. Tourist satisfaction significantly and positively impacted the revisit intention. Tourist attractions do not affect tourist satisfaction. The service quality significantly and positively impacts tourist satisfaction. Tourist satisfaction cannot mediate the relationship between tourist attractions and tourist revisit intention. Tourist satisfaction is a variable that can mediate the relationship between service quality and tourist revisit intention.
Holey SIW Horn Antenna Based on an H-Plane Lenswise Wavefront Collimation

This communication presents an H-plane substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) horn antenna whose directivity is enhanced using holey unit cells along the horn flaring. By wisely drilling the horn antenna, it is possible to reduce the phase error in the aperture which is a common problem in horn antennas if the optimum dimensions are not used. An analysis of the distribution of the unit cells along the horn antenna has been carried out to achieve the desired equivalent refractive indices. By changing the hole radius, different equivalent refractive indices can be tuned with a wideband performance. This fact enables the implementation of a collimation zone inside the horn antenna which transforms the pseudocircular wavefront into a quasi-planar one in the radiating aperture. The produced directivity is similar to the horn antenna with the optimum dimensions, but a longitudinal reduction of 53.7% and a higher realized gain are achieved. A holey SIW horn antenna is designed and manufactured. The measured results show an impedance bandwidth performance below −10 dB from 34.3 to 44.5 GHz (25.9%) with a realized gain above 10 dBi. The gain difference regarding an SIW horn antenna without the collimation zone is about 2–3 dBi in the operating frequency range.
The risk of cardiovascular diseases after miscarriage, stillbirth, and induced abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Aims Miscarriage and stillbirth have been included in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk guidelines, however heterogeneity in exposures and outcomes and the absence of reviews assessing induced abortion, prevented comprehensive assessment. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of cardiovascular diseases for women with prior pregnancy loss (miscarriage, stillbirth, and induced abortion). Methods and results Observational studies reporting risk of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in women with pregnancy loss were selected after searching MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Library (to January 2020). Data were extracted, and study quality were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using inverse variance weighted random-effects meta-analysis. Twenty-two studies involving 4 337 683 women were identified. Seven studies were good quality, seven were fair and eight were poor. Recurrent miscarriage was associated with a higher CHD risk (RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12–1.66). One or more stillbirths was associated with a higher CVD (RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09–1.82), CHD (RR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.04–1.29), and stroke risk (RR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.03–1.71). Recurrent stillbirth was associated with a higher CHD risk (RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.18–1.39). One or more abortions was associated with a higher CVD (RR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07), as was recurrent abortion (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05–1.13). Conclusion Women with previous pregnancy loss are at a higher CVD, CHD, and stroke risk. Early identification and risk factor management is recommended. Further research is needed to understand CVD risk after abortion.
Dynamical Fermion Masses Under the Influence of Kaluza-Klein Fermions and a Bulk Abelian Gauge Field

The dynamical fermion mass generation on the 3-brane in the 5D spacetime is discussed in a model with bulk fermions in interaction with fermions on the branes assuming the presence of a constant Abelian gauge field A5 in the bulk. We calculate the effective potential as a function of the fermion masses and the gauge field A5. The masses can be found from the stationarity condition for the effective potential (the gap equation). We formulate the equation for the mass spectrum of the 4D-fermions. The phases with finite and vanishing fermion masses are studied and the dependence of the masses on the radius of the fifth dimension is analyzed. The influence of the A5-gauge field on the symmetry breaking is considered both when this field is a background parameter and a dynamical variable. The critical values of the A5 field, the coupling constant and the radius are examined.
MAGNETAR HEATING

We examine four candidate mechanisms that could explain the high surface temperatures of magnetars. (1) Heat flux from the liquid core heated by ambipolar diffusion. It could sustain the observed surface luminosity erg s−1 if core heating offsets neutrino cooling at a temperature K. This scenario is viable if the core magnetic field exceeds 1016 G and the heat-blanketing envelope of the magnetar has a light-element composition. However, we find that the lifetime of such a hot core should be shorter than the typical observed lifetime of magnetars. (2) Mechanical dissipation in the solid crust. This heating can be quasi-steady, powered by gradual (or frequent) crustal yielding to magnetic stresses. We show that it obeys a strong upper limit. As long as the crustal stresses are fostered by the field evolution in the core or Hall drift in the crust, mechanical heating is insufficient to sustain persistent erg s−1. The surface luminosity is increased in an alternative scenario of mechanical deformations triggered by external magnetospheric flares. (3) Ohmic dissipation in the crust, in volume or current sheets. This mechanism is inefficient because of the high conductivity of the crust. Only extreme magnetic configurations with crustal fields G varying on a 100 meter scale could provide erg s−1. (4) Bombardment of the stellar surface by particles accelerated in the magnetosphere. This mechanism produces hot spots on magnetars. Observations of transient magnetars show evidence of external heating.
Effect of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support on Pulmonary Function in Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Complicated by Respiratory Failure

Objective To investigate the effect of enteral and parenteral nutrition support (EPNS) on pulmonary function in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated by respiratory failure (RF). Methods A total of 127 patients who underwent treatment for elderly patients with COPD complicated by RF in our hospital from February 2020 to May 2022 were collected for a retrospective analysis. There were 41 patients with enteral nutrition support (group A), 46 with parenteral nutrition support (group B), and 40 with EPNS (group C). The levels of serum albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), serum hemoglobin (Hb), and serum transferrin (TRF) were measured before and after nutritional support in the three groups, and the changes in pulmonary function of patients were compared. The changes in the levels of inflammatory factors and markers of oxidative stress (OS) in serum were also detected, and the incidence of adverse reactions and length of stay (LOS) were counted. Results ALB, PA, Hb, and TRF levels were increased in all 3 groups after nutritional support, with the highest in group C (P < 0.05). Similarly, lung function was improved in all 3 groups and inflammatory factor levels and OS were suppressed, also most dramatically in group C (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the 3 groups, and the LOS in group C was shorter than those in groups A and B (P < 0.05). Conclusion EPNS can effectively improve the lung function of patients with COPD combined with RF and reduce the inflammation and OS damage. It can effectively improve the therapeutic effect of patients and has great application prospects in the treatment of COPD combined with RH in the future.
KNO3, Nano-Zn, and Fe Foliar Application Influence the Growth and Physiological Responses of Aloe vera under Salinity

Aloe vera L. is a perennial drought-tolerant plant that is commonly used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. To evaluate the effects of the foliar application of KNO3, nano-Zn, and Fe (0 and 2 mgL−1) on Aloe vera plants under NaCl salinity stress (0, 50, 100 mM), a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design. The results revealed that foliar applications influenced the root dry weight. The chlorophyll b content was affected by the salinity plus the foliar application. The total soluble solids content, chlorophyll a, phenolics, and flavonoids of the leaves, the gel content, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde, proline, and mineral nutrients content were impacted by the treatments as well. The highest values for the gel content (0.37 g per leaf) and plant dry weight (13.1 g per pot) were recorded at 0 mM NaCl + KNO3 + nano-Fe. The top K/Na ratio (35.2), and the largest K (69 g kg−1), P (6.6 g kg−1), Ca (31 g kg−1), and Mg (2.5 g kg−1) contents were recorded after the 0 mM NaCl + KNO3 treatment. The highest Fe content (383 g kg−1) was observed with 0 mM NaCl + nano-Fe treatment, and the maximum Zn content (37.6 mg kg−1) was measured after the 0 mM NaCl + nano Zn treatment. One hundred mM NaCl increased the malondialdehyde and Na contents. The largest amount of catalase activity was measured after the 50 mM NaCl + KNO3 + nano-Zn treatment. Salinity stress had adverse effects on the growth and physiological responses of Aloe vera. However, the foliar application of KNO3, nano-Zn and Fe mitigated the damaging effects of salinity. The results from more detailed studies would be advisable for pioneer farmers and the agricultural sector.
Evolution of galaxy habitability

We combine a semi-analytic model of galaxy evolution with constraints on circumstellar habitable zones and the distribution of terrestrial planets to probe the suitability of galaxies of different mass and type to host habitable planets, and how it evolves with time. We find that the fraction of stars with terrestrial planets in their habitable zone (known as habitability) depends only weakly on galaxy mass, with a maximum around 4e10 Msun. We estimate that 0.7% of all stars in Milky Way type galaxies to host a terrestrial planet within their habitable zone, consistent with the value derived from Kepler observations. On the other hand, the habitability of passive galaxies is slightly but systematically higher, unless we assume an unrealistically high sensitivity of planets to supernovae. We find that the overall habitability of galaxies has not changed significantly in the last ~8 Gyr, with most of the habitable planets in local disk galaxies having formed ~1.5 Gyr before our own solar system. Finally, we expect that ~1.4e9 planets similar to present-day Earth have existed so far in our galaxy.
Holographic non-Fermi liquid in a background magnetic field

We study the effects of a nonzero magnetic field on a class of 2+1 dimensional non-Fermi liquids, recently found in [Hong Liu, John McGreevy, and David Vegh, arXiv:0903.2477. ] by considering properties of a Fermionic probe in an extremal AdS{sup 4} black hole background. Introducing a similar fermionic probe in a dyonic AdS{sup 4} black hole geometry, we find that the effect of a magnetic field could be incorporated in a rescaling of the probe fermion's charge. From this simple fact, we observe interesting effects like gradual disappearance of the Fermi surface and quasiparticle peaks at large magnetic fields and changes in other properties of the system. We also find Landau level like structures and oscillatory phenomena similar to the de-Haas-van Alphen effect.
Beam loss mechanisms in relativistic heavy-ion colliders

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the largest particle accelerator ever built, is presently under commissioning at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). It will collide beams of protons, and later Pb ions, at ultrarelativistic energies. Because of its unprecedented energy, the operation of the LHC with heavy ions will present beam physics challenges not encountered in previous colliders. Beam loss processes that are harmless in the presently largest operational heavy-ion collider, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, risk to cause quenches of superconducting magnets in the LHC. Interactions between colliding beams of ultrarelativistic heavy ions, or between beam ions and collimators, give rise to nuclear fragmentation. The resulting isotopes could have a charge-to-mass ratio different from the main beam and therefore follow dispersive orbits until they are lost. Depending on the machine conditions and the ion species, these losses could occur in localized spots, where the induced heating risks to the quench the superconducting magnets. In this thesis, I study first electromagnetic processes between \pb ions at the interaction points of the LHC through simulations. The beam-induced heat load from ions that have undergone bound free pair production (BFPP), which is the potentially most dangerous loss mechanism, is predicted to be 40% above the quench level although uncertainties are large. Measurements with Cu beams at RHIC show that localized losses from the collisions exist, although it is difficult to disentangle the losses from BFPP and electromagnetic dissociation (EMD). Furthermore, residual ion fragments created in the collimation system of the LHC could induce quenches and I present the first measurements of such beam losses together with detailed simulations. The results reveal qualitative differences in loss behaviour between heavy ions and protons and serve both as an evaluation of the principles of ion collimation and as an experimental benchmark of the ICOSIM program. Finally, simulations of the ion luminosity time evolution at RHIC and LHC are presented and I show details of a physical model for collisions on a particle level. This model is combined with routines for intrabeam scattering and optical tracking, written by others, to a particle tracking code. The program gives a very good agreement with experimental data from RHIC over a wide range of physics stores with different conditions. The same code is then used to predict the luminosity time evolution in the LHC. (Less)
Growth mindset and life and job satisfaction: the mediatory role of stress and self-efficacy

BACKGROUND Given the stress that we feel in various parts of our lives, it seems important to concentrate on identifying inner resources that assist employees in coping with problems of the modern world and functioning better in it. This study evaluates two types of internal resources – the manner of approaching successes and failures (growth mindset) and self-efficacy – and their influence on life and job satisfaction. Both these resources are negatively related to the perceived stress; however, they have not been considered in a single study to date. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The aim was to examine the relation between growth mindset and life and job satisfaction with the mediatory role of perceived stress and self-efficacy among white-collar workers. The present study concerned 283 employees who completed self-report questionnaires. RESULTS A substantial relationship was found between growth mindset and life and job satisfaction. However, when perceived stress was included in the model, the relation between these two variables became weaker but was still significant, which constitutes evidence of partial mediation. The relationship between focus on development and life and job satisfaction became statistically significant when self-efficacy was considered. CONCLUSIONS Shaping a growth mindset and strengthening self-efficacy can positively affect life and job satisfaction, especially in stressful situations.
Electromagnetic scattering analysis of a three-dimensional-cavity-backed aperture in an infinite ground plane using a combined finite element method/method of moments approach

A combined finite element method/method of moments (FEM/MoM) approach is used to analyze the electromagnetic scattering properties of a three-dimensional-cavity-backed aperture in an infinite ground plane. The FEM is used to formulate the fields inside the cavity, and the MoM (with subdomain bases) in both spectral and spatial domains is used to formulate the fields above the ground plane. Fields in the aperture and the cavity are solved using a system of equations resulting from the combination of the FEM and the MoM. By virtue of the FEM, this combined approach is applicable to all arbitrarily shaped cavities with inhomogeneous material fillings, and because of the subdomain bases used in the MoM, the apertures can be of any arbitrary shape. This approach leads to a partly sparse and partly full symmetric matrix, which is efficiently solved using a biconjugate gradient algorithm. Numerical results are presented to validate the analysis.
Avatar personalisation vs. privacy in a virtual try-on app for apparel shopping

ABSTRACT Virtual try-on (VTO) apps are now used by many fashion consumers, but VTOs for the apparel category have met with resistance. This study examines privacy concern, body image and social value as antecedents to adoption intention towards an apparel VTO with two types of photorealistic avatars. Twenty users first tried out the app in lab sessions, then 301 completed an online survey with a video of the VTO. A majority of participants were concerned about potential misuse of their uploaded picture and preferred to use a pre-loaded avatar of a model with a similar body. This option explains why privacy concern had a weak negative impact on adoption intention in our model, albeit at the expense of self-presentation benefits. The trait of privacy disposition best predicted consumer responses overall, yet other motives were also revealed. Discussed are the implications of this study’s results and limitations to privacy calculus research.
GRADUAL INFLATION OF ACTIVE-REGION CORONAL ARCADES BUILDING UP TO CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS

The pre-coronal mass ejection (pre-CME) structure is of great importance to understanding the origin of CMEs, which, however, has been largely unknown for CMEs originating from active regions. In this paper, we investigate this issue using the wavelet-enhanced EUV Imaging Telescope (EIT) observations combined with the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph, Michelson Doppler Imager, and GOES soft X-ray observations. Selected for studying are 16 active-region coronal arcades whose gradual inflation lead up to CMEs. Twelve of them clearly build upon post-eruptive arcades resulting from a preceding eruption; the remaining four are located high in the corona in the first place and/or have existed for days. The observed inflation lasts for 8.7 ± 4.1 hr, with the arcade rising from 1.15 ± 0.06 R☉ to 1.36 ± 0.07 R☉ within the EIT field of view (FOV). The rising speed is less than 5 km s−1 most of the time. Only at the end of this quasi-static stage does it increase to tens of kilometers per second over tens of minutes. The arcade then erupts out of the EIT FOV as a CME with similar morphology. This pre-CME structure is apparently unaffected by the flares occurring during its quasi-static inflation phase, but is closely coupled with the flare occurring during its acceleration phase. For four events that are observed on the disk, it is found that the gradual inflation of the arcade is accompanied by significant helicity injection from the photosphere. In particular, a swirling structure, which is reminiscent of a magnetic flux rope, was observed in one of the arcades over 4 hr prior to the subsequent CME, and the growth of the arcade is associated with the injection of helicity of opposite sign into the active region via flux emergence. We propose a four-phase evolution paradigm for the observed CMEs, i.e., a quasi-static inflation phase which corresponds to the buildup of magnetic free energy in the corona, followed by the frequently observed three-phase paradigm, including an initial phase, an acceleration phase, and a gradual phase.
Acknowledging Contradictions – Endorsing Change: Transforming the Urban Through Gardening

ABSTRACT The contradictions of commoning practices have recently gained increasing attention in critical research. As such, research has shown that collective practices of gardening in common produce contradictory effects not necessarily in line with progressive ideas of the common. Instead of a general dismissal of commoning due to its documented contradictions, I suggest looking beyond the naïve wishing away of contradictions by way of deploying Marxist dialectics as a research perspective from which to explicate and understand underlying processes. Rather than undermining the common's potential as a post-capitalist alternative, this article uses contradictions as an analytical lens through which the meaning of six contradictions of urban garden commons identified in the academic literature is explored. This article concludes that a conceptual focus on contradictions allows for a reflexive and critical research practice revealing the complexity of dialectical relations through which the practice of gardening propels changes but also the reproduction of existing relations.