Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel miniaturized frequency selective surface

A novel single layer miniaturized frequency selective surface made of circular unit cell elements is presented in this article. The frequency selective surface (FSS) unit cell measures 0. 055λ0 × 0. 055λ0, where λ0 corresponds to its free space wavelength. The proposed FSS offers band stop characteristics with bandwidth of 137.5 MHz centered at 1.39 GHz. The symmetrical structure of the unit cell elements provides polarization independency. The miniaturized unit cell elements help achieving angular independency for both TE and TM mode of polarization. The miniaturized design provides excellent angular independency with negligible frequency shift for varying incident angles. A prototype of the FSS is fabricated and its simulation results are validated using measurements.
An urban heat island study for building and urban design

A lot of research has been conducted in the past decades on urban heat island (UHI) all over the world. Nevertheless, the UHI effect has not been included in weather data used by building services engineers to design buildings and size their heating and cooling plants. This research was carried out to investigate the UHI effect in Greater Manchester by setting up fixed point monitoring stations over the city. Woodford Met Office ground observation station was selected to be the rural reference point. A multiple regression model was developed to incorporate the heat island effect into the Manchester weather data for engineering usage.It was found that the urban heat island intensity (the difference between the rural and urban area temperatures) can be as high as 8oC in summer and 10oC in winter in Manchester. Clear and calm nocturnal temperature data was used (when maximum heat island occurs ) to find the relationship between the UHI intensity and sky view factor (SVF), distance away from the city centre, evapotranspiration fraction (EF), wind speed, cloud cover and rural reference temperature. Results indicate that all factors have a negative linear relationship with UHI intensity. All measured data were fed into a statistical software package to create general linear regression models. Validation showed that these models were capable of predicting average UHI effect to a good accuracy. The maximum heat island effect peaks are not so accurate. However, an analytical model was developed based on energy balance equations to predict the maximum heat island effect. Validation shows a good prediction for summer but not so good for winter. This is probably due to the lower average UHI intensity in winter than in summer.
The Long-Term Observation of the Beneficial Effects of Treatment: 0.12 mg Anti-VEGF Monotherapy or Anti-VEGF Combined Therapy and Diode-Laser in Various Stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity—Series of Cases

Background 2-year observations of ranibizumab monotherapy and combined therapy with diode laser for severe ROP in extremely prematures. Materials and methods: In a group of 18 prematures (n = 36 eyes; 5 study groups); 25.8 ± 1.5 Hbd, birth weight 796.5 ± 166.1 g. Apgar 4.62 ± 1.88) with A-ROP (n = 22; 61%) and 3 ROP (plus) (n = 14; 39%), ranibizumab monotherapy (n = 4 eyes) in dose 0.12 mg/0.12 mL or with diode laser (n = 32 eyes) were applied. The first intervention was carried out in PMA of 33 (gr. 4 and 5) and 34 in (gr. 1, 2, 3), mean follow-up time 21.44 ± 8.7 months. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Welch’s correction, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi square test of independence were used. A retrospective observational study based on a case series. Results Retinal attachment was achieved in 92.3% of the studied eyes. Bilateral retinal detachment was noted in 1 infant (2 eyes). Myopization (−0.75 to −7.5 D) was observed in 5 infants (45%); mild hyperopia (+0.5 to +4.5 D) was observed in the rest infants (55%). Conclusions Individualization strategies in severe ROP with lower dose 0.12 mg Ranibizumab or combined laser-therapy resulted in effective outcomes. Myopia has not been reported in patients where Ranibizumab was the first drug administered in the ROP treatment strategy.
Incorporation of kartogenin and silk fibroin scaffolds promotes rat articular cartilage regeneration through enhancement of antioxidant functions

Abstract Treating articular cartilage defects in patients remains a challenging task due to the absence of blood vessels within the cartilage tissue. The regenerative potential is further compromised by an imbalance between anabolism and catabolism, induced by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species. However, the advent of tissue engineering introduces a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration, offering viable solutions such as mechanical support and controlled release of chondrogenic molecules or cytokines. In this study, we developed an antioxidant scaffold by incorporating natural silk fibroin (SF) and kartogenin (KGN)-loaded liposomes (SF-Lipo@KGN). The scaffold demonstrated appropriate pore size, connectivity, and water absorption and the sustained release of KGN was achieved through the encapsulation of liposomes. In vitro experiments revealed that the SF-Lipo@KGN scaffolds exhibited excellent biocompatibility, as evidenced by enhanced cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation of chondrocytes. The SF-Lipo@KGN scaffolds were found to stimulate cartilage matrix synthesis through the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 antioxidant signaling pathway. In vivo experiments demonstrated the effective promotion of articular cartilage regeneration by the SF-Lipo@KGN scaffolds, which enhanced extracellular matrix anabolism and restored the intrinsic redox homeostasis. Overall, this study successfully developed biomimetic KGN-loaded scaffolds that restore cartilage redox homeostasis, indicating promising prospects for cartilage tissue engineering.
Dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum Parasitaemia and Uncomplicated Malaria among School-Age Children living in Omoku, Southern Nigeria

This cross-sectional study determined the mean parasitaemia and prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites among school-aged children in Omoku, Ogba Egbema Ndoni Local Government Area, Rivers State, Southern Nigeria. A total of 200 blood samples were randomly collected through convenience sampling method from the study subjects. Malaria diagnosis was carried out using standard parasitological techniques. The demographic data of the subjects showed that more females, 126(63%), were examined compared with males, 74(37%). Overall prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum recorded was 49%. Gender-based prevalence showed that more females were infected 58(29%) with mean parasite density of 16524(1611) parasites/μL of blood than males, 40 (20%) with mean parasite density of 14886(1794) parasites/μL of blood. The difference in prevalence between them was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Age-related prevalence showed that those within the age range of 5 to 7 years had the highest prevalence, 48(24%), with mean parasite density of 14909(1244) parasites/μL of blood, followed by those within the age range of 8 to 10 years, 34(17%), with mean parasite density of 11434(1244) parasites/μL of blood, while those within the age range of 11 to 13 years had the lowest prevalence, 16(8%), with mean parasite density of 5067(568) parasites/μL of blood. However, the difference between them was not statistically significant (P >0.05). The prevalence of malaria based on schools attended by the subjects showed that BMA had the highest, 12%, and mean parasite density of 6995(827) parasites/μL of blood, while SIS, and EIS had the lowest percentage of infections, 8%, respectively (P>0.05). The association between mother’s level of education, household size and P. falciparum parasitized children was statistically significant (P<0.05). In conclusion, malaria is endemic in the study area, and among other interventions, scaling up investment in primary health care is necessary to effectively prevent, detect, and treat malaria in local communities.
Mapping Organizational-Level Networks Using Individual-Level Connections: Evidence from Online Professional Networks

: Organization-level networks facilitate the flow of information and business activities in the economy. Prior research relies solely on high-level connections to measure these networks. Therefore, to understand the role of employee connections at all job levels in firm outcomes, we construct and describe a comprehensive network for 7,715 publicly traded U.S. firms from 2004 to 2018, using data on over 9 million people with 2 billion connections from the professional social network LinkedIn. We identify the most closely connected industries and companies in the U.S. economy. Although employees do not necessarily make connections for the company’s benefit, we find that companies’ centrality in the employee network positively predicts company value. This effect is largely driven by mid-level employees. Furthermore, company centrality in the employee network predicts company innovation inputs (R&D spending), and controlling for these inputs, predicts the quantity, scientific impact, and economic value of companies’ patented innovation outcomes.
Cross-complementary subsets in paratopological groups

The following general question is considered by A.V. Arhangel’skiˇi [Perfect mappings in topological groups, cross-complementary subsets and quotients, Comment. Math.Univ.Carolin. , 2003]. Suppose that G is a topological group, and F,M are subspaces of G such that G = MF. Under these general assumptions, how are the properties of F andM related to the properties of G? Also, A.V. Arhangel’skiˇi and M. Tkachenko [Topological Groups and Related Structures, Atlantis Press, World Sci., 2008] asked what is about the above question in paratopological groups [Open problem 4.6. 9, Topological Groups and Related Structures, Atlantis Press, World Sci., 2008]. In this paper, we mainly consider this question and some positive answers to this question are given. In particular, we find many A.V. Arhangel’skiˇi’s results hold for k-gentle paratopological groups.
Spatiotemporal river–aquifer interactions of a large tropical dryland river with high anthropic intervention

ABSTRACT This study analyses the spatiotemporal river–aquifer interactions in a large dryland river with high anthropic intervention. Measurements of water level and flow rate were performed and analysed together with secondary data on hydrogeology, water use and satellite images. Average transmission losses ranged from about 12 to 28% of the river inflow, while transmission gains ranged from 10 to 34%. Transmission losses occurred at the beginning of the rainy season (rainfall ≤ 10 mm/d), while the transmission gains were preponderant after intense rainfall events (> 20 mm/d). A direct relationship between the transmission losses/gains and river inflow was also observed. Linear equations were adjusted to estimate the order of magnitude of transmission losses (R2 > 0.85) and gains (R2 > 0.60). The transmission loss equation was validated for rivers in similar regions (R2 ≈ 0.85). A conceptual model is proposed to describe river–aquifer interactions in large dryland rivers.
The Influence of Audit Quality on Profit Quality in Sharia Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

A healthy company will have good earnings quality, and an independent public accountant will give a good value to the company's earnings quality. This study aims to determine the effect of audit quality on earnings quality in sharia banks. This study uses explanatory research based on hypothesis testing. The data source is secondary data from sharia banking companies listed on the IDX for the 2021-2022 period and is based on quarterly financial reports. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total sample of 4 sharia banks. The analysis used is descriptive, simple linear regression, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that there was no significant effect between audit quality variables on earnings quality. The audit quality of sharia banking companies listed on the IDX cannot be determined from the quality of the auditors. This is indicated by the formation of sharia banking which must have reliable governance to encourage strong and effective sharia compliance so that the public image, namely the interests of stakeholders, can realize economic activities in accordance with sharia principles.
M2 macrophage polarization: a potential target in pain relief

Pain imposes a significant urden on patients, affecting them physically, psychologically, and economically. Despite numerous studies on the pathogenesis of pain, its clinical management remains suboptimal, leading to the under-treatment of many pain patients. Recently, research on the role of macrophages in pain processes has been increasing, offering potential for novel therapeutic approaches. Macrophages, being indispensable immune cells in the innate immune system, exhibit remarkable diversity and plasticity. However, the majority of research has primarily focused on the contributions of M1 macrophages in promoting pain. During the late stage of tissue damage or inflammatory invasion, M1 macrophages typically transition into M2 macrophages. In recent years, growing evidence has highlighted the role of M2 macrophages in pain relief. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in M2 macrophage polarization and discuss their emerging roles in pain relief. Notably, M2 macrophages appear to be key players in multiple endogenous pathways that promote pain relief. We further analyze potential pathways through which M2 macrophages may alleviate pain.
Lake plankton as a tracer to discover climate signals

Global warming in the Northern Hemisphere is expected to be responsible for more pronounced increases of winter than of summer air temperarure (MEEHL et al. 2000). When studying the effects of global change, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been shown to be an adequate too! (RoDWELL et al. 1999), as it explains, to a large degree, the interannual and interdecadal climate variations in the Northern Hemisphere (HURRELL 1995). The NAO Index (NAOI), which is most pronounced in winter, is a measure of the difference in sea level pressure between the Azores high and the lceland low (HURRELL 1995). High, positive values indicate mild and rainy winters while low indices accompany cold winters over Europe. CHEN & HELI.STROM (1999) and PLAUT et al. (1995) demonstrated that the NAOI significantly affects local air temperature. Other studies documented an impact on both the timing of lake ice break-up (LIVINGSTONE 1999) and phytoplankton spring blooms (WEYHENMEYER et al. 1999, GERTEN & AoRIAN 2000). However, the extent by which an earlier spring bloom affects the phytoplankton variation over the whole year remains to be determined. HAUER et al. (1997) proposed that an increase in the length of the ice-free period increases the mineralisation of organic matter and therefore an earlier spring bloom could imply enhanced nutrient availability for phytoplankton. In the current study, based on the long-term database of Lake Erken, Sweden, the extent to which the winter dimate affects the phytoplankton in spring, and in particular, how this interaction influences the summer phytoplankton, were analysed.
Changes of Serum Electrolytes and Serum Vitamin C Levels in a Sample of Iraqi patients Infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is widespread and involved in the pathogenesis of the majority of stomach and duodenal diseases. Reduced stomach acidity facilitates the initial infection. Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride) are essential for the production of stomach acid. This study aimed to observe any changes in the levels of serum electrolytes (Na, K, and Cl) and serum vitamin C levels in a sample of Iraqi patients infected with H. Pylori. We studied 30 infected patients with H. Pylori and 30 matched healthy controls. The results revealed that the serum sodium, potassium, and chloride levels were significantly decreased (p = 0.002, 0.003 and 0.0001, respectively) in the patients infected with the H. Pylori group in comparison with those of the healthy controls. Also, vitamin C levels were significantly lower in patients infected with H. Pylori than in the control group (p = 0.001). The present results suggest that these changes may be attributed to or contribute to the infection itself through changes in gastric acidity, and this needs further study.
Spatial Patterns of Herbaceous and Woody Recruitment in a Recently Restored Mixed Tidal Regime Freshwater Wetland

10 Introduction . 11 Objectives . 13 Methods . 14 Results . 15 Discussion . 19 Chapter 2: “Spatial and Temporal Seed Bank Dynamics within Natural and Restored Wetland Settings”. 26 Abstract.26 Introduction.26 Objectives . 28
Aerial biomass and elemental changes in Atriplex canescens and A. acanthocarpa as affected by salinity and soil water availability

Atriplex canescens and A. acanthocarpa from the Chihuahuan Desert in Mexico were subjected to different salinity and irrigation treatments in a greenhouse study. Plants were grown in pots containing soil and irrigated with NaCl solutions of 0, 50, and 100 mM at 40 and 80 percent available soil water. Aerial biomass of A. canescens declined as NaCl treatments increased. In contrast, the aerial biomass of A. acanthocarpa was not negatively affected by the salinity treatments, suggesting a high salt tolerance of this species. Aerial biomass of A. acanthocarpa was more reduced by the decrease in irrigation level than that of A. canescens. A. acanthocarpa had a much higher accumulation of Na in leaf tissues throughout the salinity gradient than A. canescens. Tissue concentration of K in both species was minimally affected by the salinity or irrigation treatments. Leaf N concentration increased in both species as plants were subjected to higher salinity treatments. The higher salt tolerance and higher Na absorption of A. acanthocarpa favor the use of this plant in reclamation of saline areas, while the low Na accumulation of A. canescens makes this species an attractive forage in saline rangelands.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY OF CLOUD INTERACTION AND FORMATION MECHANISM OF HEAVY RAIN IN MIXED CONVECTIVE-STRATIFORM CLOUD

Using the numerical model of mixed convective-stratiform clouds(MCS)in the paper(Hong1997)and the averaged stratification of torrential rain processes,the evolution processes,interaction of the two kinds of clouds,structure and the precipitation features in the MCS toproduce heavy rain are simulated and studied,and the physical reasons of producing torrential rainare analysed.The results indicate that the stratiform cloud surrounding the convective cloudbecomes weakened and dissipates in the developing and enhancing of the convective cloud,and therainfall rate and water content in the stratiform cloud increase as the distance from the convectivecloud becomes larger.The numerical experiments find out that the stratiform cloud provides abenificial developing environment for the convective cloud,i.e.,the saturated environment and theconvergence field in the stratiform cloud help to lengthen the life cycle of the convective cloud,produce sustained rainfall with high intensity and intermittent precipitation with ultra-highintensity.These and the ice phase microphysical processes are the main factors for the torrentialrain formation and the MCS is a very effective precipitation system.
Does the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Promote Lower Sodium Urinary Excretion in Children?

An adequate sodium intake is related to various health benefits. Parallelly, the Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern known for its many positive impacts on health. Nonetheless, the association between adherence to the MD and sodium urinary excretion is scarce, even more in children. This study aimed to assess the association between MD adherence and the excretion of sodium, as a proxy of intake. This cross-sectional analysis comprised 295 children (46.8% females, aged 7–11 years, mean age: 8.53 ± 0.73 years) from 20 schools within Porto, Portugal. MD adherence was evaluated utilizing the alternate Mediterranean score (aMED). Higher scores denote a healthier dietary pattern (0–8). Sodium excretion was estimated by 24-h urine collection. The association between adherence to MD and Na excretion was estimated by logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. Children in the higher sodium excretion group had a higher intake of legumes, a higher body mass index and parents with lower education levels compared to children in the lower sodium excretion group. In logistic regression analysis, sodium urinary excretion was not associated with higher MD adherence, even after adjustment for confounders. High MD adherence could not be associated with lower sodium excretion in children.
The Forest Service and the Greatest Good: A Centennial History

America's oldest and largest federal land management agency -- the Forest Service -- is examined from its roots in the 1800s to present day in this illustrated history. As exemplified by the endless interpretations of the 'greatest good' -- as it first applied to timber, grazing, and watershed protection and later included recreation, wilderness, wildlife, and eventually the consideration of ecosystem management -- this is the story of the myriad conflicts that have pitted America's primary land-management agency against the President. By documenting the establishment of the National Forest System and subsequent conservation policies, the work profiles the numerous men and women working as Forest Service agents in the National Forest System who are dedicated to researching and developing new ways of addressing the conflicts over natural resources management on the 193 million acres of federal land. The book is the companion to the documentary film The Greatest Good: A Centennial History of the Forest Service.
Measuring Tourist Service Satisfaction at Destination: A Case Study of Cox's Bazar Sea Beach, Bangladesh

This study examines existing tourism services of the highly trafficked destination of Cox’s Bazar Sea beach in Bangladesh using a tourist satisfaction analysis. Using observation and self-determined questionnaire survey, the study classified tourist to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and measured satisfaction level using five point Likert-scales against seventeen selected variables. The findings of this study suggest that tourists were mostly satisfied with amenities related to destination management, with a natural attraction to the beach and relaxation facilities provided by the destination. In contrast, tourists were disappointed with facilities such as health and emergency services, transportation services, tour guides, information services and night life. The outcome of this empirical research will enable planners, investors, destination mangers and other vested interest groups to better understand tourist expectations and formulate improved strategies, regional policy and a balanced approach toward sustainable tourism development in the region.