Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-Term City Innovation Trajectories and Quality of Urban Life

The main aims of this paper are to examine the technological trajectories of city innovation, to provide a picture of the current state in the most significant technologies, and to propose an explanation for the long-run evolutionary trajectories of technological developments that contribute to the quality of urban life through innovation. In the conceptual part of the paper, we develop the argument that the explanation may rest on the interrelationships between the concept of urban transformative capacity and the theory of path dependence. In the empirical part, we analyze patent data on city-related innovations to examine the trajectories of technological developments over the period 1980–2020. Our main findings at a technological field level (i) confirm the path dependence theory in general and the institutional approach in particular, (ii) acknowledge the rapid transformation towards ‘smart cities’ through the explosive growth of digital technologies, and (iii) confirm the environmental sustainability concerns when developing new technologies. In our study, we focus particularly on the technological sectors (‘clusters’) that provide a significant contribution to quality of urban life, namely environment, public services, and leisure and participation. Our findings provide theoretical, managerial, and policy implications for future research activities on the technological developments that benefit quality of urban life.
A Method of Concurrent Thermographic-Photographic Visualization of Flow Boiling in a Minichannel

A method is developed to capture the distribution of surface temperature while simultaneously imaging the bubble motions in diabatic flow boiling in a horizontal minichannel. Liquid crystal thermography is used to obtain highly resolved surface temperature measurements on the uniformly heated upper surface of the channel. High-speed images of the flow field are acquired simultaneously and are overlaid with the thermal images. The local surface temperature and heat transfer coefficient can be analyzed with the knowledge of the nucleation site density and location, and bubble motion and size evolution. The horizontal channel is 1.2 mm high × 23 mm wide × 357 mm long, and the working fluids are Novec 649 and R-11. Optical access is through a machined glass plate which forms the bottom of the channel. The top surface is an electrically heated 76 μm-thick Hastelloy foil held in place by a water-cooled aluminum and glass frame. The heat loss resulting from this construction is computed using a conduction model in Fluent. The model is driven by temperature measurements on the foil, glass plate and aluminum frame. This model produces a corrected value for the local surface heat flux and enables the computation of the bulk fluid temperature and heat transfer coefficient along the channel. The streamwise evolution of the heat transfer coefficient for single-phase laminar flow is compared to theoretical values for a uniform-flux boundary condition. Examples of the use of the facility for visualizing subcooled two-phase flows are presented. These examples include measurements of the surface temperature distribution around active nucleation sites and the construction of boiling curves for locations along the test surface. Points on the curve can be associated with specific image sequences so that the role of mechanisms such as nucleation and the sliding of confined bubbles may be discerned.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Aquifer Soil Cation Substitution and Adsorption of TNT, RDX, and HMX

1U.S. Army Engineering Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS 39180; 2DynTel Corporation, 350 Manor Dr., Vicksburg, MS 39180 these contaminants in aquifer soils and groundwater. The objective of this laboratory study was to determine the effects of changing composition of simulated groundwater on TNT, RDX, and HMX adsorption in low carbon aquifer soils. Batch shake tests using homo-ionic aquifer soils and clay minerals were used to determine the effects of cation composition on sorption. Results of batch shake tests showed that simulated groundwater cation composition substantially affected the sorption of TNT in aquifer soils. Saturation of the cation exchange sites with K+ and NH4 resulted in increased TNT sorption to the aquifer soils by up to 9780%. TNT adsorption by biionic K+:Ca++ aquifer soil increased until 40% saturation of the exchange sites was attained. Past this point, pronounced increases in adsorption were not observed until 100% saturation with K+ was reached. Changing the cation substitution on aquifer soils by saturation with either K+ or NH4 did not consistently increase the adsorption of RDX and HMX. TNT shows great potential for treatment using cation substitution, while this is not the case for nitramines. The production of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,57-tetranitro1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) has resulted in significant contamination of soil and groundwater at ammunition plants. The development of remediation and risk management strategies requires an understanding of the environmental fate and transport processes affecting TNT, RDX, and HMX. The transformation and soil sorption are key process descriptors that must be quantified to effectively evaluate the environmental fate of
Referent Introduction and Maintenance in the English Narratives of Monolingual and Bilingual Children

Abstract: This study examines referring expressions in the English oral narratives of Japanese-English bilingual children and whether these expressions resemble those of monolingual English peers. Stories were elicited from eight bilingual school-aged children raised in Japan, using a wordless picture book. Referential strategies used in the narratives to introduce, re-introduce, and maintain the referents in the bilingual children’s English narratives were compared with those used by monolingual children. The analysis reveals similarities and differences between the two groups. The bilinguals’ referential strategies to reintroduce and maintain the referents were almost identical to those of the monolingual children. However, in the referent introduction, although both groups highly preferred indefinite articles with a noun phrase (NP), bilingual children tended to use more definite articles before NPs, as compared to monolingual children. The study suggests that children growing up bilingually in the Japanese context are able to tell a story in their socially non-dominant language in a languagespecific manner, but with some unique characteristics, presumably due to reduced input in the non-dominant language. Referent Introduction and Maintenance in the English Narratives of Monolingual and Bilingual Children モノリンガル児とバイリンガル児の英語ナラティヴにおける指示対象の導入と維持
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Relationships: Mediating and Moderating Mechanisms. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. Forgiveness in Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Relationships: Mediating and Moderating Mechanisms

Guided by the relationship science literature, we developed and tested a model of forgiveness in LMX relationships across three independent studies. Study 1 utilized a sample of 254 employees from eight organizations located in four countries and showed that higher quality LMX led to higher job satisfaction and subjective well-being via greater follower’s forgiveness and subsequent follower’s relational efforts. Building on Study 1, Study 2 (N = 95) adopted an experimental scenario design in order to examine the association between LMX and forgiveness as well as the moderating role of forgiveness climate. LMX was found to positively affect forgiveness and forgiveness climate was found to be a significant moderator. Study 3 was a time-lagged study that utilised a sample of 262 working professionals in the US and provided support for our hypothesized model. Overall, our three studies cast light on forgiveness processes in LMX relationships and show that forgiveness can be used as a relationship maintenance strategy that yields positive outcomes. Practitioner points: • Managers and HR representatives should promote forgiveness via trainings and interventions in order to gain the positive outcomes of job satisfaction and subjective well-being following interpersonal transgressions in organizations.
Development of combined protein-fat emulsions for sausage and semifinished products with poultry meat

The research on the possibility to improve the rheological characteristics of standardized 1 and 2 % solutions of whey, modified potato starch and "Extra" starch when adding pyrogenic silica A300 to the system for further use of these ingredients in protein-fat emulsions for meat products is presented. The prospects of using combined protein-fat emulsions and protein-containing fillers of animal and vegetable origin in the production of sausages and semi-finished products from poultry meat were considered. It was revealed that the pyrogenic silica A300 at a concentration of 0.3% is able to significantly improve the effective viscosity of standardized solutions of modified potato starch and "Extra" starch and this effect increases after heat treatment of solutions. Using this effect has allowed to develop new types of combined protein-fat emulsions, which in an amount of 20.40 % enhance technological characteristics of poultry minced meat. The results allow to expand the possibilities of meat-processing enterprises to use poultry meat in technologies of sausage and semifinished products.
Full Research Paper Production of a probiotic camel milk enriched with pomegranate peel powder

In this study, the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus with different percentages of pomegranate peel powder (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%) were used to produce a functional camel milk-based beverage. The physicochemical, antioxidant and sensory properties of the resulting drinks were evaluated. The results showed that enrichment of milk with pomegranate peel powder improved the survival of probiotic bacteria from 6.95 to 7.35 Log CFU/ml. Addition of pomegranate peel to beverages increased their antioxidant activity from 7 to 85.33, 9.13 to 93.66 and 0.126 to 0.435 as measured by DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS free radical scavenging and reduction potency tests, respectively. Rheological studies also showed that the addition of pomegranate peel powder to beverages increased their viscosity from 5.65 to 21.5 mPa. Adding pomegranate peel powder to beverages also changed the color factors (L*, a* and b*) so that increasing the level of pomegranate peel powder increased the red and yellow color in the samples. Also, the results of the sensory evaluation, including taste, appearance, smell and general acceptance indicated that the produced beverages were well-liked by consumers. However, the results of sensory evaluation showed that adding high percentages of pomegranate peel powder to beverages could reduce the sensory acceptance of the final product.
How prior knowledge, learning, teaching and assessment affect students’ achievements in Mathematics

In this study we investigate how prior knowledge, the comprehensive learning approach, problem-based teaching and assessment influence students’ basic-learning skills in Mathematics at the university level. To do so, we employed a quasi-experimental research design and a structured questionnaire. Two experimental groups and two control groups of students were involved. We found a negligible correlation between prior knowledge and basic-learning skills but a positive correlation between prior knowledge and the comprehensive learning approach. On the other hand, we found practically no correlation between prior knowledge and assessment. We also found that problem-based teaching correlated positively and that the traditional approach correlated negatively with prior knowledge. Moreover, prior knowledge, problem-based teaching, the comprehensive learning approach and assessment explained 50% of the variance in the levels of basic-learning skills.
Fictitious Price Falls and the Buying Activity of Retail Investors Quedas de Preço Imateriais e a Atividade de Investidores Individuais

This work shows that retail investors respond positively to stock prices’ drops in itself, that is, price drops that do not reflect any relevant information about that particular stock. To do so, I use TAQ data between 2010 and 2017 and identify retail trades using a recent innovation proposed by Boehmer, Jones and Zhang (2017). I explore two distinct events that produce immaterial price drops on stock prices. The first one is the mechanical price drop of a stock during its ex-dividend date: I document that retailers increase their buying activity of a stock during its ex-dividend date, regardless of the fact that this price drop is meaningless and is just an adjustment to the next cash dividend payout that its new shareholders are not entitled to receive. This result is consistent for different specifications; also, when I take into account the selling activity of retailers, I find that the net buying activity also respond positively to these price drops. The second exercise consists in evaluating if individuals display left-digit bias when they purchase stocks: indeed, when the price of a stock fluctuates around an integer number, individuals focus their purchases on trade prices just below that integer number, in spite of the fact that the difference between the trade price and its next integer number is meaningless in relative terms. I also find that individuals display left-digit bias for different nominal stock prices. Both exercises suggest that individuals neglect the informational role of stock prices, as they react positively to price falls that are non-material. Key-words: retail investors, stock market, left-digit bias. JEL Codes: G00, G11, G12, G40, G41.
An Experiment on Gender Representation in Majoritarian Bargaining

Women are underrepresented in business, academic, and political decision-making bodies across the world. To investigate the causal effect of gender representation on multilateral negotiations, we experimentally manipulate the composition of triads in a majoritarian, divide-the-dollar game. We document a robust gender gap in earnings driven largely by the exclusion of women from alliances rather than differential shares within alliances. Experiments with different subject pools show that distinct bargaining dynamics can underlie the same inequitable outcomes; gender-biased outcomes can be caused by outright discrimination, but they can also be driven by more complex dynamics related to differences in bargaining strategies. Although replacing the male with a female majority all but eliminates the gap in one pool, it has minimal effect in the other. These findings show that there is no “one-size-fits-all” solution to the gender gap we uncovered and highlight the importance of studying bargaining dynamics in detail. This paper was accepted by Marie-Claire Villeval, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: A. Baranski recognizes financial support from Tamkeen [under the New York University Abu Dhabi Research Institute; Grant CG005]. J. Tremewan acknowledges funding from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-21-CE03-0018 (Project ENDURA)]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022. 01800 .
CD44 pos CD49f hi CD133/2 hi Defines Xenograft-Initiating Cells in Estrogen Receptor – Negative Breast Cancer

Defining the populations of tumor-initating cells that are present in tumors is a first step in developing therapeutics to target these cells. We show here that both CD44 pos CD24 neg and CD44 pos CD24 pos cell populations in estrogen receptor (ER) α – negative breast tumors are tumorigenic in murine xenograft models. We also describe a third population of xenograft-initiating cells (XIC) enriched in CD44 pos CD49f hi CD133/2 hi cells that display heightened tumorigenicity, self-renewal in vivo , and the capacity to give rise to functional and molecular heterogeneity. Consistent with their capacity for self-renewal, these cells express elevated levels of Sox2, Bmi-1, and/or Nanog and their CpG islands are hypermethylated relative to nontumorigenic cells. These differences in methylome regulation may be responsible for the dramatic functional differences between the two populations. The identification of CD44 pos CD49f hi CD133/2 hi XIC in ER-negative tumors may lead to expanded understanding of these tumors and ultimately the development of therapeutics designed to specifically target the cells. Cancer Res; 70(11); 4624 – 33. ©2010 AACR.
Summary: Identification and estimation of the joint distribution of potential outcomes in causal inference

In research of econometric or statistical methodologies, the primal focus is often made on estimation. A typical statistical research mainly considers constructing an estimator and analyzing its asymptotic properties. It enables us to carry out a statistical inference, that is, hypothesis tests and calculating confidence intervals, and also provides a reasonable explanation why a proposed estimator is reasonable in some respects. Besides, the development of a specific algorithm that approximates the estimator of interest is also a core of modern econometric and statistical research. As a sample size is getting larger along with the rapid development of the internet and storage services, and powerful computational resources have become available at an individual level, efficient treatments of estimation with large data are becoming a more and more important than ever.
Comparison of minimally invasive 2 approaches and standard median parapatellar 3 approach for total knee arthroplasty : A 4 systematic review and network meta-analysis 5 of randomized controlled trials

14 BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been actively advertised by the orthopedic industry. 15 The purpose of this network meta-analysis was to comprehensively compare the effectiveness of four minimally invasive surgery 16 (MIS) approaches and the medial parapatellar (MPP) approach to improve the American Knee Society Score (KSS) in primary 17 TKA. 18 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies were comprehensively searched on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library (CEN19 TRAL), Web of Science and Science Direct up to June 2018 with a major focus on the outcome of KSS. Risk of bias was 20 assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Quality assessment was performed using the GRADE system. Both pair-wise and 21 network meta-analyses are calculated to comprehensively compare the effectiveness of four MIS and TKA approaches. 22 RESULTS: Eleven trials with 1025 knees undergoing TKA were included. Our analysis showed that both MPP and MIS 23 approaches provided improvement in terms of short-term (four-eight weeks) total, objective and functional KSS score. The 24 network-meta analysis revealed that MIS approaches showed a trend towards superior KSS improvement over standard MPP 25 approaches. However, statistical advantages were only observed in the mini-MPP group for functional KSS scores when compared 26 with conventional MPP and quadriceps-sparing (QS) group. 27 CONCLUSIONS: Evidence shows that MIS TKA approaches are effective alternatives to MPP approaches. However, orthopedic 28 surgeons should be cautiously optimistic about minimally invasive TKA in terms of KSS improvement. 29
Isolation of catechins from Cycas armstrongii Miq. of an Egyptian origin

The phytochemical investigation of Cycas armstrongii Miq. leaves and twigs using different chromatographic techniques led to the isolation of three catechin monomers; catechin (1), epicatechin (2), and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (3), for the first time from this species. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds is discussed in the rest of this article.
The Effect of 3D Geometry on Harmonic Gust-aerofoil Interaction*

Two-dimensional (2D) strip-theory modelling of unsteady gust-aerofoil interaction is standard practice in many industrial applications, but the limits of applicability of 2D unsteady flow modelling on 3D wing and rotor geometries are not well understood. This paper investigates the effects of 3D geometry features, such as finite span, taper, sweep and rotation, on the unsteady lift response to gusts, and the flow-physical differences between 2D and 3D geometries in unsteady flow. A frequency-domain inviscid vortex lattice model is validated and used for the 3D analysis. The results are compared to unsteady transfer functions from 2D linear analytic theory (e
Effectiveness of Non-invasive Interventions in Managing Cardiovascular Disease Using Specific Biological Markers

Background: Lifestyle interventions consisting of diet, exercise, psychosocial support and stress management are a clinically effective alternative to the management of cardiovascular diseases that can be feasibly measured and monitored during treatment using various biological markers. Methodology: A thorough Pubmed search was conducted looking for the results of articles that treated cardiovascular disease patients of both sexes and all ages with lifestyle modification in which the effectiveness of lifestyle modification was measured by various biomarkers. Results: The final review was conducted on 11 journal articles that were found examining exercise, diet, psychosocial support and stress management in cardiovascular disease patients and showing a positive benefit of such an intervention and the effects on biomarkers as an alternative to traditional pharmacological treatment. The affected biomarkers found were percent diameter coronary artery stenosis, blood pressure, cholesterol, body weight and fat, heart rate, HbA1c, exercise capacity, C reactive protein, triglycerides and BMI. Conclusion: Lifestyle modification consisting of exercise, low fat, high complex carbohydrate diet, psychosocial support and stress management is clinically efficacious in the treatment of cardiovascular disease as seen by the various changes in biological measures.
Layer-wise Progressive Knowledge Distillation

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a well-known method for transferring knowledge from a teacher to a student model. In this thesis, we propose a new framework for Knowledge Distillation by introducing a Layer-wise Progressive Teacher. In this regard, we propose a method to create soft targets in different levels of complexity by obtaining the probabilities from the intermediate layers of the teacher network. Our method is specially designed for the cases that there is a large gap between the teacher and the student which makes it harder for the student to mimic the teacher. In addition, we proposed focalized teacher as a method to train a better teacher for the student. The experimental results show that our method gets signiﬁcantly better results in comparison with existing knowledge distillation methods.
Applications of Mathematics

We analyse the effect of the mechanical response of the solid phase during liquid/solid phase change by numerical simulation of a benchmark test based on the wellknown and debated experiment of melting of a pure gallium slab counducted by Gau & Viskanta in 1986. The adopted mathematical model includes the description of the melt flow and of the solid phase deformations. Surprisingly the conclusion reached is that, even in this case of pure material, the contribution of the solid phase to the balance of the momentum of the system influences significantly the numerical solution and is necessary in order to get a better match with the experimental observations. Here an up-to-date list of the most meaningful mathematical models and numerical simulations of this test is discussed and the need is shown of an accurate revision of the numerical simulations of melting/solidification processes of pure materials (e.g. artificial crystal growth) produced in the last thirty years and not accounting for the solid phase mechanics.