Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic Candida Infections in Critical COVID-19 Patients

Abstract The frequency of opportunistic fungal infections in critically ill patients whose intensive care unit stays are prolonged due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is higher than in the period before COVID-19. We planned this study to improve the management of Candida infections by defining the Candida species, the etiology of infections caused by Candida species, and the antifungal susceptibility of the species. This retrospective study included patients older than 18 hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) with a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 for seven months (from March 2021 to September 2021). All study data that we recorded in a standard study form were analyzed with TURCOSA (Turcosa Analytics Ltd. Co., Turkey, www.turcosa.com.tr) statistical software. The patients were evaluated in four groups as group 1 (candidemia patients, n = 78), group 2 (candiduria patients, n = 189), group 3 (control patients, n = 57), and group 4 (patients with candidemia in urine cultures taken before Candida was detected in blood culture, n = 42). Candida species were identified using both conventional and VITEK® 2 (BioMérieux, France) methods. The antifungal susceptibility of fungi was determined using the E test method. Of the 5,583 COVID-19 patients followed during the study period, 78 developed candidemia, and 189 developed candiduria. The incidence of candidemia (per 1,000 admissions) was determined to be 1.6. As a result of statistical analysis, we found that Candida albicans was the dominant strain in candidemia and candiduria, and there was no antifungal resistance except for naturally resistant strains. Candida strains grown in blood and urine were the same in 40 of 42 patients. Mortality was 69.2% for group 1, 60.4% for group 2, and 57.8% for group 3. Antifungals were used in 34 (43.5%) patients from group 1, and 95 (50.2%) from group 2. In the candidemia group without antifungal use, mortality was quite high (77.2%). Antifungal use reduced mortality in the group 2 (p < 0.05). Length of ICU stays, comorbidity, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and corticosteroids are independent risk factors for candidemia in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our study contributes to the knowledge of risk factors for developing COVID-19-related candida infections. The effect of candiduria on the development of candidemia in critically ill COVID-19 patients should be supported by new studies.
The black hole merger event GW150914 within a modified theory of General Relativity

In February 2016 the first observation of gravitational waves were reported. The source of this event, denoted as GW150914, was identified as the merger of two black holes with a about 30 solar masses each, at a distance of approximately 400Mpc. These data where deduced using the Theory of General Relativity. Since 2009 a modified theory was proposed which adds near massive objects phenomenologically the contribution of a dark energy, whose origin are vacuum uctuations. The dark energy accumulates toward smaller distances, reducing effec- tively the gravitational constant. In this contribution we show that as a consequence the deduces chirping mass and the luminosity distance are larger. This result suggests that the black hole merger corresponds to two massive black holes near the center of primordial galaxies at large luminosity distance, i.e. large redshifts.
Describing the Function, Disability, and Health of Adults and Older Adults during the Early Coronavirus Restrictions in 2019: An Online Survey

The restrictions in 2019 due to Coronavirus impacted Canadians’ daily living, especially those at higher risk of compromised health conditions. This study aimed to describe the physical, psychological, and social well-being of adults with disabilities, and older adults from May to June 2020. Participants from the group of community-dwelling adults (≥19 years of age), who communicated in English, lived in British Columbia, and had Internet access via a computer, tablet, or smartphone with special focus on populations who had stroke, spinal cord injury and other disabilities were included. For measurement outcomes, an online survey was used to administer standardized measures of level of participation, mobility, anxiety and depression, boredom, resilience, technology readiness, social support, and social networks. Seventy-two participants were recruited, with a mean age (SD) of 61.2 (13.8). This study was comprised of two groups: the adult group consisted of individuals with disabilities under the age of 65 (48.6%) and the older adult group consisted of individuals over the age of 65 with and without self-identified disability (51.4%). There was no significant difference in the proportion of participation restriction between adult (83%) and older adult’ (81%) groups (p = 0.69). In the study population, 27.8% and 16.7% of participants exceeded the anxiety and depression cut-off scores, respectively. Boredom was experienced by 76.4% of participants. Participants’ mean (SD) resilience and life space scores were 72.4 (14.0) and 51.9 (24.0), respectively. The older adults (≥65 years) showed significantly lower depression (p = 0.012) and better resilience (p = 0.038), social support (p = 0.043), and social network (p = 0.021) than the younger adults. Issues with anxiety, boredom, participation, and life space activity were identified in both study groups. This information may provide supporting evidence when creating policies to mitigate existent health and social inequities.
High‐Voltage‐driven Li/Mn‐rich Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode with nanocomposite blend gel polymer electrolyte for long cyclic stability of rechargeable Li‐battery

Li/Mn‐rich layered oxide is an attractive cathode material for Li‐ion battery due to its low cost, high specific capacity, and high working potential. In this paper, the high capacity layered Li/Mn‐rich NMC cathode (Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2) and nanocomposite blend gel polymer electrolytes (NBGPEs) are synthesized by using the sol‐gel method and solution casting technique, respectively. XRD results confirm that the cathode material has a well‐defined hexagonal layered structure. It is observed that the synthesized NBGPE containing 2 wt. % SiO2 nanofiller exhibits maximum ionic conductivity (5.2 mS cm−1), Li‐ion conductivity (~2.40 mS cm−1), and wide electrochemical stability (~5.4 V vs Li/Li+) at 30°C. The electrochemical performance of the cell (Li/NBGPE#1/Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2) has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurement. The cell delivers maximum specific discharge capacity of 212.0 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and good rate performance within 2.0‐4.8 V. At 0.2C, the cell shows stable coulombic efficiency ~98% after 200th cycle due to better interfacial stability between NBGPE#1 and the electrode.
A VIRIAL CORE IN THE SCULPTOR DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY

The projected virial theorem is applied to the case of multiple stellar populations in the nearby dwarf spheroidal galaxies. As each population must reside in the same gravitational potential, this provides strong constraints on the nature of the dark matter halo. We derive necessary conditions for two populations with Plummer or exponential surface brightnesses to reside in a cusped Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) halo. We apply our methods to the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal, and show that there is no NFW halo compatible with the energetics of the two populations. The dark halo must possess a core radius of ∼120 pc for the virial solutions for the two populations to be consistent. This conclusion remains true, even if the effects of flattening or self-gravity of the stellar populations are included.
Clinical Aspects of Temporomandibular Disorders Clinical Aspects of Temporomandibular Disorders

: Temporomandibular disorders are common problems in populations presenting signs and symptoms of muscle and joint pain on palpation, limitations in mandibular motion, joint sounds, pain and locking on mandibular function as well as dental, periodontal, occlusal and psychosocial variables. Problems that involve the temporomandibular joint and related structures include myofacial pain-dysfunction, various internal disarrangements of the joint space and degenerative joint diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of age and sex, the frequency of parafunctions, deviations and the cardinal symptoms related to specific disorders of the TMJ. Patients seeking treatment for temporomandibular disorders were reviewed retrospectively. The data were analysed using the Chi-square test and Kappa coefficient. Clinical evaluations and subsequent patient management are discussed. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders was highest in the age range 20 to 49. Although women had a higher incidence of positive findings when the types of TMD were analysed, statistically no differences between the sexes were found (p<0.001).
Investigating bar structure of disc galaxies via primal: a particle-by-particle M2M algorithm

We have modified our particle-by-particle adaptation of the made-to-measure (M2M) method, with the aim of modelling the Galactic disc from upcoming Galactic stellar survey data. In our new particle-by-particle M2M algorithm, PRIMAL, the observables of the target system are compared with those of the model galaxy at the position of the target stars, i.e. particles. The mass of the model particles are adjusted to reproduce the observables of the target system, and the gravitational potential is automatically adjusted by the changing mass of the particles. This paper builds upon our previous work, introducing likelihood-based velocity constraints in PRIMAL. In this paper we apply PRIMAL to barred disc galaxies created by a N-body simulation in a known dark matter potential, with no error in the observables. This paper demonstrates that PRIMAL can recover the radial profiles of the surface density, velocity dispersion in the radial and perpendicular directions, and the rotational velocity of the target discs, along with the apparent bar structure and pattern speed of the bar, especially when the reference frame is adjusted so that the bar angle of the target galaxy is aligned to that of the model galaxy at every timestep.
Structure and classification results for the ∞-elastica problem

abstract:We consider the following variational problem: among all curves in $\Bbb{R}^n$ of fixed length with prescribed end points and prescribed tangents at the end points, minimise the $L^\infty$-norm of the curvature. We show that the solutions of this problem, and of a generalised version, are characterised by a system of differential equations. Furthermore, we have a lot of information about the structure of solutions, which allows a classification.
MEASURING THE CLUMP MASS FUNCTION IN THE AGE OF SCUBA2, HERSCHEL, AND ALMA

We use simulated images of star-forming regions to explore the effects of various image acquisition techniques on the derived clump mass function. In particular, we focus on the effects of finite image angular resolution, the presence of noise, and spatial filtering. We find that, even when the image has been so heavily degraded with added noise and lowered angular resolution that the clumps it contains clearly no longer correspond to pre-stellar cores, still the clump mass function is typically consistent with the stellar initial mass function within their mutual uncertainties. We explain this result by suggesting that noise, source blending, and spatial filtering all randomly perturb the clump masses, biasing the mass function toward a lognormal form whose high-mass end mimics a Salpeter power law. We argue that this is a consequence of the central limit theorem and that it strongly limits our ability to accurately measure the true mass function of the clumps. We support this conclusion by showing that the characteristic mass scale of the clump mass function, represented by the “break mass,” scales as a simple function of the angular resolution of the image from which the clump mass function is derived. This strongly constrains our ability to use the clump mass function to derive a star formation efficiency. We discuss the potential and limitations of the current and next generation of instruments for measuring the clump mass function.
12 mm line survey of the dense molecular gas towards the W28 field TeV gamma-ray sources

We present 12 mm Mopra observations of dense molecular gas towards the W28 supernova remnant (SNR) field. The focus is on the dense molecular gas towards the TeV gamma-ray sources detected by the HESS telescopes, which likely trace the cosmic rays from W28 and possibly other sources in the region. Using the NH3 inversion transitions we reveal several dense cores inside the molecular clouds, the majority of which coincide with high-mass star formation and H ii regions, including the energetic ultracompact H ii region G5.89−0.39. A key exception to this is the cloud north-east of W28, which is well known to be disrupted as evidenced by clusters of 1720 MHz OH masers and broad CO line emission. Here we detect broad NH3, up to the (9,9) transition, with linewidths up to 16 km s−1. This broad NH3 emission spatially matches well with the TeV source HESS J1801−233 and CO emission, and its velocity dispersion distribution suggests external disruption from the W28 SNR direction. Other lines are detected, such as HC3N and HC5N, H2O masers, and many radio recombination lines, all of which are primarily found towards the southern high-mass star formation regions. These observations provide a new view on to the internal structures and dynamics of the dense molecular gas towards the W28 SNR field and, in tandem with future higher-resolution TeV gamma-ray observations, will offer the chance to probe the transport of cosmic rays into molecular clouds.
Conformal quantum mechanics and holographic quench

Recently, there has been much interest in holographic computations of two-point non-equilibrium Green functions from AdS-Vaidya backgrounds. In the strongly coupled quantum field theory on the boundary, the dual interpretation of the background is an equilibration process called a holographic quench. The two dimensional AdS-Vaidya spacetime is a special case, dual to conformal quantum mechanics. We study how the quench is incorporated into a Hamiltonian $H + \theta(t) \Delta H$ and into correlation functions. With the help of recent work on correlation functions in conformal quantum mechanics, we first rederive the known two point functions, and then compute non-equilibrium 3- and 4-point functions. We also compute the 3-point function Witten diagram in the two-dimensional AdS-Vaidya background, and find agreement with the conformal quantum mechanics result.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Triply differential single-ionization cross sections in fast ion-atom collisions at large perturbation

We present experimental triply differential single-ionization cross sections for electrons emitted into the scattering plane in 3.6 MeV amu-1 Au53+ + He collisions, i.e. for a large perturbation. The data show that the post-collision interaction between the scattered projectile and the ionized electron strongly affects the recoil peak, but it influences the binary peak rather weakly. Surprisingly, the continuum distorted wave-eikonal initial state model, which describes differential electron spectra very well, fails to reproduce our data even qualitatively. Most notably, it does not show a recoil peak.
Warp or Lag? The Ionized and Neutral Hydrogen Gas in the Edge-on Dwarf Galaxy UGC 1281

The properties of gas in the halos of galaxies tell us something about the properties of the interstellar medium. Here we report on deep Hi and Hα observations of UGC 1281 in order to determine the existence of extra planar gas and its kinematics. This is the first time the halo characteristics of a dwarf galaxy have been investigated. These observations are compared to 3D models in order to determine the distribution of Hi in the galaxy. We find that UGC 1281 has Hα emission up to 25 ′′ (655 pc,∼0.6 Hα hR) in projection above the plane and in general a low Hα flux. Its Hi extends 70 ′′ (1.8 kpc,∼1.5 Hi hR) in projection from the plane. This neutral extra-planar gas can be explained by either a line-of-sight warp or a thick disk with rotational velocities that decline with a vertical gradient of 10.6±3.7 km s−1 kpc−1. The line-of-sight warp model is the preferred model as it is conceptually simpler. In either model the warp starts well within the optical radius.
THE SHEARING H i SPIRAL PATTERN OF NGC 1365

The Tremaine–Weinberg equations are solved for a pattern speed that is allowed to vary with radius. The solution method transforms an integral equation for the pattern speed to a least-squares problem with well-established procedures for statistical analysis. The method applied to the H i spiral pattern of the barred, grand-design galaxy NGC 1365 produces convincing evidence for a radial dependence in the pattern speed. The pattern speed behaves approximately as 1/r and is very similar to the material speed. There are no clear indications of corotation or Lindblad resonances. Tests show that the results are not selection biased, and that the method is not measuring the material speed. Other methods of solving the Tremaine–Weinberg equations for shearing patterns are found to produce results in agreement with those obtained using the current method. Previous estimates that relied on the assumptions of the density-wave interpretation of spiral structure are inconsistent with the results obtained using the current method. The results are consistent with spiral structure theories that allow for shearing patterns, and contradict fundamental assumptions in the density-wave interpretation that are often used for finding spiral arm pattern speeds. The spiral pattern is winding on a characteristic timescale of ∼500 Myr.
Green's Functions and Comparison Theorems for Dierential Equations on Measure Chains

We are concerned with the self-adjoint equation Lx(t) = [r(t)x∆(t)]∆ + q(t)x(σ(t)) = 0. We will study certain Green’s functions associated with this equation. Comparison theorems for initial value problems and boundary value problems will be given.
Widespread sympatry in a species-rich clade of marine fishes (Carangoidei)

The patterns of speciation in marine fishes are largely unknown, in part due to the deficiency of species-level phylogenies and information on species’ distributions, and partly due to conflicting relationships between species’ dispersal, range size, and patterns of co- occurrence. Most research on global patterns of marine fish speciation has focused on coral reef or pelagic species. Carangoidei is a clade of marine fishes including the trevallies, remoras, and dolphinfishes that utilize both coral reef and pelagic environments, spanning the ecologies of coral reef obligate and open-ocean species. We used sequence capture of 1314 ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 154 taxa to generate a phylogeny of Carangoidei and its parent clade, Carangiformes. Age-range correlation analyses of the geographic distributions and divergence times of sister species pairs reveal widespread sympatry, with 73% of sister species pairs exhibiting a sympatric geographic distribution, regardless of node age, and most species pairs co-existing across large portions of their ranges. We also observe greater disparity in body size and water column depth utilization between sympatric than allopatric sister species. These and other ecological or behavioral attributes likely facilitate sympatry among the most closely related carangoid species, which exhibit sympatry at a larger taxonomic scale than has previously been described in marine fishes.
Adaptive mechanisms facilitate robust performance in noise and in reverberation in an auditory categorization model

For robust vocalization perception, the auditory system must generalize over variability in vocalization production as well as variability arising from the listening environment (e.g., noise and reverberation). We previously demonstrated using guinea pig and marmoset vocalizations that a hierarchical model generalized over production variability by detecting sparse intermediate-complexity features that are maximally informative about vocalization category from a dense spectrotemporal input representation. Here, we explore three biologically feasible model extensions to generalize over environmental variability: (1) training in degraded conditions, (2) adaptation to sound statistics in the spectrotemporal stage and (3) sensitivity adjustment at the feature detection stage. All mechanisms improved vocalization categorization performance, but improvement trends varied across degradation type and vocalization type. One or more adaptive mechanisms were required for model performance to approach the behavioral performance of guinea pigs on a vocalization categorization task. These results highlight the contributions of adaptive mechanisms at multiple auditory processing stages to achieve robust auditory categorization. A computational model for categorizing vocalizations from marmosets and guinea pigs highlights the contributions of adaptive mechanisms at multiple auditory processing stages to achieve robust auditory categorization.
DERIVATION OF STOCHASTIC ACCELERATION MODEL CHARACTERISTICS FOR SOLAR FLARES FROM RHESSI HARD X-RAY OBSERVATIONS

The model of stochastic acceleration of particles by turbulence has been successful in explaining many observed features of solar flares. Here, we demonstrate a new method to obtain the accelerated electron spectrum and important acceleration model parameters from the high-resolution hard X-ray (HXR) observations provided by RHESSI. In our model, electrons accelerated at or very near the loop top (LT) produce thin target bremsstrahlung emission there and then escape downward producing thick target emission at the loop footpoints (FPs). Based on the electron flux spectral images obtained by the regularized spectral inversion of the RHESSI count visibilities, we derive several important parameters for the acceleration model. We apply this procedure to the 2003 November 3 solar flare, which shows an LT source up to 100–150 keV in HXR with a relatively flat spectrum in addition to two FP sources. The results imply the presence of strong scattering and a high density of turbulence energy with a steep spectrum in the acceleration region.
Data Recovery Comparative Analysis using Open-based Forensic Tools Source on Linux

—Data recovery is one of the forensic techniques used to recover data that has been lost or deleted. Data recovery is carried out if there is a condition where the data that has been owned is deleted or damaged. If the data has been lost or deleted or even tampered with, then a forensic expert has several ways to restore data that has been lost or damaged. One of them is to use a complete data recovery method using forensic tools, namely, TSK Recover, FTK Imager, Foremost Recover, and Testdisk Recover. Unfortunately, tools such as FTK imager and TSK recover have a weakness, namely that some damaged or corrupted data files cannot be restored in their entirety; they can only be recovered but not be opened. This study uses a tool comparison method approach using foremost recover and Testdisk recover. It's just that this method cannot be used using the graphic user interface (GUI) but using the CLI (Command Line) in the LINUX operating system. And the files that have been recovered will be fully recovered.