Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Islamic Service Quality on Intention to Use Indonesian Islamic Bank: Trust as an Intervening Variable

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic Service Quality on Intention to Use at Indonesian Islamic Bank with Trust as an Intervening Variable. Type of Field Research research with a sample of 235 respondents. The sampling method uses Non-Probability Sampling with Acidental Sampling technique. The data from this study were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method based on the Partial Least Square (PLS) Second Order model with an Embedded Two-Stage Approach. The results of this study show that: (1) Islamic Service Quality has a positive and significant effect on Intention to Use at Indonesian Islamic Bank. (2) Islamic Service Quality has a positive and significant effect on Trust at Indonesian Islamic Bank. (3) Trust has a positive and significant effect on Intention to Use at Indonesian Islamic Bank. (4) Trust can mediate Islamic Service Quality on Intention to Use at Indonesian Islamic Bank by having influence in Partial Mediation.Keywords: Islamic Service Quality, Trust, Intention to Use
Geochemical surveillance of magmatic volatiles at Popocatepetl volcano, Mexico

Surveillance of Popocatepetl volcanic plume geochemistry and SO 2 flux began in early 1994 after fumarolic and seismic activity increased significantly during 1993. Volatile traps placed around the summit were collected at near-monthly intervals until the volcano erupted on December 21, 1994. Additional trap samples were obtained in early 1996 before the volcano erupted again, emplacing a small dacite dome in the summit crater. Abundances of volatile constituents (ppm/day of Cl, S total , F, CO 2 , Hg, and As) varied, but most constituents were relatively high in early and late 1994. However, ratios of these constituents to Cl were highest in mid-1994. δ 34 S-S total in trap solutions ranged from 1.5‰ to 6.4‰; lowest values generally occurred during late 1994. δ 13 C-CO 2 of trap solutions were greatly contaminated with atmospheric CO 2 and affected by absorption kinetics. When trap data are combined with SO 2 flux measurements made through November 1996, Popocatepetl released about 3.9 Mt SO 2 , 16 Mt CO 2 , 0.75 Mt HCl, 0.075 Mt HF, 260 t As, 2.6 t Hg, and roughly 200 Mt H 2 O. Near-vent gas concentrations in the volcanic plume measured by correlation spectrometer (COSPEC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) commonly exceed human recommended exposure limits and may constitute a potential health hazard. Volatile geochemistry combined with petrologic observations and melt-inclusion studies show that mafic magma injection into a preexisting silicic chamber has accompanied renewed volcanism at Popocatepetl. Minor assimilation of Cretaceous wall rocks probably occurred in mid-1994.
Equivalent strike‐slip earthquake cycles in half‐space and lithosphere‐asthenosphere earth models

By virtue of the images used in the dislocation solution, the deformation at the free surface produced throughout the earthquake cycle by slippage on a long strike-slip fault in an Earth model consisting of an elastic plate (lithosphere) overlying a viscoelastic half-space (asthenosphere) can be duplicated by prescribed slip on a vertical fault embedded in an elastic half-space. For the case in which each earthquake ruptures the entire lithosphere (thickness H), the half-space equivalent slip rate is as follows: Depth interval 0-H, slip identical to that in lithosphere-asthenosphere model (i.e., abrupt coseismic slip and no subsequent slip); depth interval (2n−1)H to (2n+1)H (n = 1,2,…), slip rate uniform in space and dependent upon time as Fn(t) exp (−t/τa) where Fn is a (n - 1) degree polynomial in t, τa is twice the asthenosphere relaxation time (η/μ), and t is measured from the instant after the preceding earthquake. The slip rate averaged over the seismic cycle in each depth interval equals the secular rate of relative plate motion. For reasonable values of τa, slip rates below 5H do not vary much from that mean value and can be treated as constant. Thus the surface deformation due to the earthquake cycle in the lithosphere-asthenosphere model can be calculated very simply from the half-space model with time-dependent slip in the two depth intervals H−3H and 3H−5H, and uniform slip at a rate equal to the secular relative plate velocity below depth 5H. Inversion of 1973–1988 geodetic measurements of deformation across the segment of the San Andreas fault in the Transverse Ranges north of Los Angeles for the half-space equivalent slip distribution suggests no significant slip on the fault above 30 km and a uniform slip rate of 36 mm/yr below 30 km. One equivalent lithosphere-asthenosphere model would have a 30-km thick lithosphere and an asthenosphere relaxation time greater than 33 years, but other models are possible.
Effects of typhoon Morakot on a large shallow lake ecosystem, Lake Taihu, China

A case study of typhoon‐induced sediment resuspension and its effects on some indicators of water quality (dissolved oxygen, pH and turbidity) and nutrient release in the large shallow eutrophic Lake Taihu, the third largest freshwater lake in China, was documented, and its effect on the algal biomass was investigated. Typhoon Morakot that swept from the west of Lake Taihu in August 2009 led to a number of changes in the lake ecosystem: (1) intensive winds produced large seiches, strong waves and large wave‐induced shear stress; (2) typhoon Morakot led to increased suspended solids and nutrients in the water column. Post‐typhoon concentrations of suspended solid, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP). NO3‐N and NH4‐N were 4, 2, 1·5, 2·5, 3·5 and 1·5 times those observed in the pre‐typhoon water column, respectively; and (3) during typhoon Morakot, there was no obvious stratification between the surface and bottom of the water column in chlorophyll a (Chl a), the post‐typhoon Chl a concentration throughout the water column increased with a maximum daily mean of 87·8 µg l−1, and the algal bloom recurred. Typhoon‐induced sediment resuspension could lead to both nutrient and light limitations for algal growth, whereas after the typhoon had passed, water column conditions (water temperature, solar radiation, light penetration and nutrient availability) favoured the growth and production of algae. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of frequency dependent Love and Shida numbers from VLBI data

The solid Earth tide model as recommended by the IERS standards [McCarthy, 1992] and used in standard Very Long Baseline Interferometry [VLBI] data analysis only approximates to the first order the frequency dependence of the tidal deformation due to the Free Core Nutation [FCN] resonance. It is shown that frequency dependent second degree Love and Shida numbers have to be taken into account if the tidal displacements are to be modeled to better than ±5 mm. We also determined second degree Love and Shida numbers for different tidal bands (long-period, diurnal, semidiurnal) and third degree Love and Shida numbers from VLBI data. The results for the different parts of the tidal spectrum are slightly different and a clear resonance can be seen around the FCN. The FCN period was determined to 426±20 sidereal days in the celestial reference frame.
Farmers' views on the impact of breeding traits on profitability, animal welfare and environment

Taking the growing consumer and citizen interest in animal welfare and the environment into account, a closer look at the production animals used and their genetic potential is necessary. Development of long term sustainable animal production systems need to involve breeding goals. The farmers’ views on different traits are fundamental for the understanding of how to balance competing breeding goals. The aim of this web questionnaire study was to investigate pig and dairy farmers’ views on a range of breeding traits in relation to farm profitability, animal welfare and environmental impact of production. The results show similar patterns for pig and dairy farmers. Most farmers (>80%) considered all given traits to be related to profitability. Fewer traits were regarded important for animal welfare, expressed as longevity, health and roughage consumption. Even fewer traits were considered to have an impact on the environment; all of them were related to production, feed conversion, roughage consumption or survival/longevity. Furthermore, no differences of importance were seen between farmers with conventional and organic production. Longevity, disease resistance and roughage consumption seem to be considered as key traits with impact on both animal welfare and environment by both dairy and pig farmers. Consumers’ and citizens’ interest and concerns about animal welfare and environment seem to be shared by farmers. However results show that key traits considered to influence both animal welfare and environment were parallel to profitability.
Dermoscopy of Inflammatory Dermatoses (Inflammoscopy) in Skin of Color – A Systematic Review by the International Dermoscopy Society “Imaging in Skin of Color” Task Force

Dermoscopic patterns of inflammatory dermatoses (inflammoscopy) have been extensively studied in the recent years, though data on patients with darker phototypes (IV–VI) are sparse. The aims of this systematic review were to summarize the current state of knowledge on inflammoscopy applied to skin of color and provide a standardized nomenclature of reported findings. Besides dermoscopic features, type of setting and magnification, number of cases, and histopathological correlation were analyzed. Eighty-five papers addressing 78 different dermatoses (25 papulosquamous dermatoses, 19 hyperpigmented dermatoses, eight hypopigmented dermatoses, four granulomatous dermatoses, two sclerotic dermatoses, five facial inflammatory dermatoses, and 15 miscellaneous conditions) for a total of 2073 instances were retrieved. Only one study showed a level of evidence of III (cross-sectional study), whereas 10 and 74 displayed a level of evidence of IV (case-control studies) and V (case-series and case-reports), respectively. Moreover, our analysis also highlighted that most of papers focalized on a limited number of dermatoses, with several conditions having only single dermoscopic descriptions. Additionally, few studies compared findings among phototypes belonging to the “skin of color” spectrum. Further studies designed according to a systematic approach and considering the above-mentioned issues are therefore needed.
Welfare attitudes in a crisis: How COVID exceptionalism undermined greater solidarity

COVID-19 had the potential to dramatically increase public support for welfare. It was a time of apparent increased solidarity, of apparently deserving claimants, and of increasingly widespread exposure to the benefits system. However, there are also reasons to expect the opposite effect: an increase in financial strain fostering austerity and self-interest, and thermostatic responses to increasing welfare generosity. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the pandemic on attitudes towards working-age unemployment benefits in the UK using a unique combination of data sources: (i) temporally fine-grained data on attitudinal change over the course of the pandemic; and (ii) a novel nationally representative survey contrasting attitudes towards pandemic-era and pre-pandemic claimants (including analysis of free-text responses). Our results show that the pandemic prompted little change in UK welfare attitudes. However, we also find that COVID-era unemployment claimants were perceived as substantially more deserving than those claiming prior to the pandemic. This contrast suggests a strong degree of ‘COVID exceptionalism’ – with COVID claimants seen as categorically different from conventional claimants, muting the effect of the pandemic on welfare attitudes overall.
Downstream hydraulic geometry of a tidally influenced river delta

[1] Channel geometry in tidally influenced river deltas can show a mixed scaling behavior between that of river and tidal channel networks, as the channel forming discharge is both of river and tidal origin. We present a method of analysis to quantify the tidal signature on delta morphology, by extending the hydraulic geometry concept originally developed for river channel networks to distributary channels subject to tides. Based on results from bathymetric surveys, a systematic analysis is made of the distributary channels in the Mahakam Delta (East Kalimantan, Indonesia). Results from a finite element numerical model are used to analyze the spatial variation of river and tidal discharges throughout the delta. The channel geometry of the fluvial distributary network scales with bifurcation order, until about halfway the radial distance from the delta apex to the sea. In the seaward part of the delta, distributary channels resemble funnel shaped estuarine channels. The break in morphology, which splits the delta into river- and tide-dominated parts, coincides with a break in the ratio between tidal to fluvial discharges. Downstream hydraulic geometry exponents of the cross-sectional area show a transition from the landward part to the seaward part of the delta. The numerical simulations show that the tidal impact on river discharge division at bifurcations increases with the bifurcation order, and that the variation of river discharge throughout the network is largely affected by the tides. The tidal influence is reflected by the systematic variation of downstream hydraulic geometry exponents.
Connection between November snow cover over Eastern Europe and winter precipitation over East Asia

In this study, the connected spatial and temporal features of winter precipitation over East Asia and November snow cover over Eurasia are analysed using the singular value decomposition (SVD) method. The results show that a strong consistent variation of winter precipitation occurs over East Asia, especially north of 35°N, closely related to the snow cover change over Eastern Europe. Mechanism analysis indicates that the processes behind the physical link between the November snow cover over Eastern Europe and East Asian winter precipitation are different in December compared to January and February. In December, the persistence of the snow cover anomaly can ‘memorize’ the signal of the November snow cover and impact December circulation and precipitation over East Asia. During January–February, the snow cover anomaly disappears, while the variability of the polar vortex resulting from the interaction of the troposphere and stratosphere serves as a bridge connecting the November snow cover over Eastern Europe and the January–February precipitation over East Asia. Revealing the role of the November snow cover is significant not only for understanding East Asian winter precipitation variability but also for its prediction.
Hydro-political assessment of water governance from the top-down and review of literature on local level institutions and practices in the Volta Basin.

Since his graduation, he has undertaken water resources assessment of his country and studies on impacts of climate change on water resources, where a number of publications have been issued. He has been involved in the preparation of the GEF/UNEP documents, for the integrated management of the Volta River basin among the six riparian countries. He did his field research, as a research fellow of the IWMI-Burkina Faso joint project for water management research, focusing on the development of a methodology for the assessment of irrigated system performance, and rice water requirements modeling. He has served as a consultant in several fields, mostly for the FAO. Since 2004, he has been the INERA Rice Programme Manager, and Inland Valley Consortium National Unit Coordinator. He has more than 30 publications and conference contributions with more than 12 in reviewed journals. Mr. Ben Ampomah holds a M. He has conducted research in the field of rainfall variations and climate change impacts on food security, and water saving techniques for the enhancement of water use efficiency for rain-fed crops. are also acknowledged. We would also like to express our appreciation to Drs. Doug Merrey, Amy Sullivan and Jaqui Goldin for their comments, and the CPWF for their support. We are grateful for the support of the Challenge Program on Water and Food, which supports this research. 2006. Hydro-political assessment of water governance from the top-down and review of literature on local level institutions and practices in the Volta Water resource management / water law / water use / colonialism / institutions / conflict / river basins / international cooperation / land ownership / women / water rates / pricing / social participation / decentralization / river basin development / Ghana / Burkina Faso / Volta River Basin Please direct inquiries and comments to: iwmi@cgiar.org IWMI receives its principal funding from 58 governments, private foundations, and international and regional organizations known as the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). vii Foreword This Working Paper reports on research carried out in the Volta River Basin, by the research team in that basin implementing Project number 47, supported by the Challenge Program on Water and Food. The Project title is " Transboundary Water Governance for Agricultural and Economic Growth and Improved Livelihoods in the Limpopo and Volta Basins: Towards African Indigenous Models of Governance. " A companion Working Paper (Earle et al. 2006) is being …
The relationship between thermocline depth and SST anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific: Seasonality and decadal variations

Even though the vital role of thermocline fluctuation in El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle has been established previously, the direct relationship between the thermocline depth and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the equatorial Pacific is yet to be fully understood, especially its seasonality. Thermocline depth anomalies have been found to lead SST anomalies in time with a longitude‐dependent delay, but our study also suggests that the relationship shows considerable seasonal dependency and is strongest (weakest) during the boreal spring (summer). Over the eastern equatorial Pacific where there is least delay (compared to that in the western and central Pacific), the connection between thermocline and SST is the weakest during the boreal spring. This feature may be one of causes for ENSO spring persistence barrier. Furthermore, the thermocline‐SST connections exhibit significant decadal variations, which are remarkably consistent with the decadal changes in the persistence barrier of SST anomalies over the eastern Pacific. It is also found that the decadal shift in the timing of the thermocline‐SST connection barrier is caused by the changes in the seasonal cycle of tropical trade winds and thermocline depths.
Objectively Determined Resolution-Dependent Threshold Criteria for the Detection of Tropical Cyclones in Climate Models and Reanalyses

Objectively derived resolution-dependent criteria are defined for the detection of tropical cyclones in model simulations and observationally based analyses. These criteria are derived from the wind profiles of observed tropical cyclones, averaged at various resolutions. Both an analytical wind profile model and two-dimensional observed wind analyses are used. The results show that the threshold wind speed of an observed tropical cyclone varies roughly linearly with resolution. The criteria derived here are compared to the numerous different criteria previously employed in climate model simulations. The resulting method provides a simple means of comparing climate model simulations and reanalyses.
Participatory multi-criteria assessment for monitoring actions and supporting decision making to combat desertification in the San Simon watershed (Arizona)

Assessment of the myriad of historic attempts to manage and/or restore degraded drylands offers a rich opportunity to learn from the past, particularly if conducted with full stakeholder engagement. Participatory environmental assessment of past land management and restoration actions would contribute to the improvement of future management techniques in a way relevant to the concerns of people involved with or impacted by these actions. This can also help to deal with the often scant information available, conflicting values and perceptions among stakeholders, and the uncertainties inherent to complex dryland systems. In this study I applied and evaluated a participatory protocol that incorporated multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools to assess five actions in the San Simon watershed, one of the most extreme examples of degradation and human intervention in southeastern Arizona (U.S.). The participatory assessment process included a semi-structured interview, elicitation of local-based assessment criteria, prioritization of the assessment criteria, estimation of data, a MCDA-based integration and group evaluation of final results. The process was used to evaluate five combinations of grazing management, vegetation management and hydraulic structures implemented between the 1940s and 1980s. The application of this process allowed me to not only evaluate these actions in a participatory way, but also to identify and compare values and perceptions connected to the historic, cultural and scientific narratives used by three different categories of stakeholders (researchers, practitioners and land users). The revised Simos’ procedure used to elicit assessment criteria weights proved useful to expose values and perceptions, source of the individual criteria priorities, while revealing conflictive points of views among the stakeholders. The outranking-facilitated 13 participatory assessment, when compared to the unaided baseline assessment, proved useful in making stakeholder preferences explicit in the form of evaluation criteria and weights, while incorporating data and uncertainty. The specific MCDA outranking integration model used, ELECTRE IS, proved to be simple and systematically synthetic, helping stakeholders structure and re-evaluate their unaided assessments. The results of this study provide insights in how stakeholders’ knowledge and views can be elicited, explored and effectively incorporated to assess and learn from past land management and restoration actions implemented in drylands.
Packing soft spheres: experimental demonstrations with hydrogels

We describe a number of different experimental set-ups that use hydrogel spheres to demonstrate dense packings of deformable spheres in various geometries. The arrangements are similar to those of bubbles in foams, drops in emulsions, biological cells, etc. The experiments are easy to perform in the class-room or an undergraduate science laboratory. They are described in the context of the history of packing problems to which this convenient system, not yet fully explored, can add significant new findings.