Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strengthening climate prevention through economic globalization, clean energy, and financial development in N11 countries: evidence from advance panel estimations

Abstract This study evaluates the relevancy of economic globalization, financial development, and clean energy, in strengthening the environmental sustainability of the next 11 economies over a time period pertaining to 1995–2018. In order to achieve the objective of this study, the advanced panel estimation techniques of unit root testing, and the cointegration analysis have been applied due to the presence of the cross-sectional-dependence and heterogeneity of the slope parameters in the panel data. The long-run output coefficients have been estimated through the Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributive Lag Model (CS-ARDL). Moreover, the causality test for a heterogeneous panel has also been employed in order to determine the causal relationships among the variables that are under study. Our empirical findings of these tests indicate that financial development and economic globalization tend to contribute to the deterioration of environmental quality, but clean energy is productive for its improvement. The bi-directional causal relationship is recognized to exist between CO2 emission and all the variables. Based on these findings, the study recommends adopting economic growth policies that are aligned with the defined environmental regulations, thus promoting the use of more clean energy resources. These include resources such as renewable energy and incorporating the environmental welfare goals into financial development plans in N11 economies.
Physiological responses of resistant and susceptible pepper plants to
exogenous proline application under Phytophthora capsici stress

Phytophthora capsici Leon. is the main pathogen that limits the production of peppers. In this study, the effects of 1 and 10 mM proline (Pro), prior to exposure of resistant (CM-334) and susceptible (SD-8) pepper seedlings to P. capsici, on some physiological parameters were investigated. A lower Pro concentration (1 mM) was found to be more effective than 10 mM Pro in increasing the stress tolerance of the CM-334 cultivar. Namely, in CM-334 cultivar, the highest chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, glucose and fructose content and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity percentage were detected on the seventh day after application of 1 mM Pro + P. capsici, while the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) amount was measured on the third day in the same treatment. The highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) increase was determined on the seventh day in the 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application. The effects of the same Pro treatments on the SD-8 cultivar somewhat differed; the highest amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanins, fructose, total protein and endogenous Pro were detected on the seventh day in the 1 mM Pro + P. capsici application, while the lowest MDA amount was measured on the third day after the 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application, the highest DPPH % and FRAP values were detected on the seventh day with 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application. Although some differences were detected between the cultivars, Pro application against the P. capsici stress in general resulted in a positive effect on photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates and antioxidant capacity in pepper. The exogenous application of Pro helped the non-resistant cultivar to overcome the stress.
The Role of Remuneration Contribution and Social Support in Organizational Life to Build Work Engagement

The increasingly diverse levels of human needs along with the high intensity causes them to need regular income in a large amount. These demands can make someone change work to earn a higher income. For companies, the phenomenon of employees who often changes work becomes a problem because of the high intensity of employee turnover can affect company productivity. The human resources department needs to learn more specifically about employee work engagement to prevent employees from leaving a job. The growing sense of employee engagement can be supported by many factors. This study aims to analyze and find out and describe the effects of remuneration and social support on work engagement. The population in this study were all employees of PT Mega Multi Spring with 80 respondents taken based on a purposive sampling technique. This study uses primary data in the form of respondents' responses to variables using a questionnaire. The analytical tool used is linear regression. The results showed that remuneration had a significant positive effect on work engagement. In addition it was also found that social support had a significantly positive effect on work engagement. In the end remuneration and social support variables have a significant simultaneous effect on work engagement. From the results of the study it can be concluded that proper remuneration and positive social support make employees have a sense of attachment to work.
The DIC carbon isotope evolutions during CO2 bubbling: Implications for ocean acidification laboratory culture

Ocean acidification increases pCO2 and decreases pH of seawater and its impact on marine organisms has emerged as a key research focus. In addition to directly measured variables such as growth or calcification rate, stable isotopic tracers such as carbon isotopes have also been used to more completely understand the physiological processes contributing to the response of organisms to ocean acidification. To simulate ocean acidification in laboratory cultures, direct bubbling of seawater with CO2 has been a preferred method because it adjusts pCO2 and pH without altering total alkalinity. Unfortunately, the carbon isotope equilibrium between seawater and CO2 gas has been largely ignored so far. Frequently, the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the initial seawater culture has a distinct 13C/12C ratio which is far from the equilibrium expected with the isotopic composition of the bubbled CO2. To evaluate the consequences of this type of experiment for isotopic work, we measured the carbon isotope evolutions in two chemostats during CO2 bubbling and composed a numerical model to simulate this process. The isotopic model can predict well the carbon isotope ratio of dissolved inorganic carbon evolutions during bubbling. With help of this model, the carbon isotope evolution during a batch and continuous culture can be traced dynamically improving the accuracy of fractionation results from laboratory culture. Our simulations show that, if not properly accounted for in experimental or sampling design, many typical culture configurations involving CO2 bubbling can lead to large errors in estimated carbon isotope fractionation between seawater and biomass or biominerals, consequently affecting interpretations and hampering comparisons among different experiments. Therefore, we describe the best practices on future studies working with isotope fingerprinting in the ocean acidification background.
Adverse Events Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Young Japanese People: A Case-Control Study of the Risk of Systemic Adverse Events by A Questionnaire Survey

development and activity of the immune system, accounting for differences in gender-related immune responses. 13 The ratio of naive B cells before vaccination and the ratio of activated CD8-positive T cells after vaccination are detected as immunological features that positively correlate with the increase in antibody titre after vaccination. 14 The results of this study showed that female participants had a higher incidence of adverse events.
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inhibits insufficient radiofrequency ablation (IRFA)-induced enrichment of tumor-initiating cells in hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective Local recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment remains a serious problem. Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are thought to be responsible for tumor relapse. Here, we investigated the effect of the TIC differentiation inducer, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), on RFA and explored the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods The proportions of CD133+ and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)+ TICs in recurrent HCC after RFA and primary HCC were first determined in clinic. Then, the effect of heat intervention or insufficient RFA (IRFA) on the malignant potential of HCC cells, including cell migration, sphere formation ability, tumor growth, the proportion of CD133+ and EpCAM+ TICs and expression of stem cell-related genes, was evaluated in vitro andin vivo. Finally, the effect of ATRA on the tumor growth and the proportion of TICs was evaluated. Results In clinical data, a higher proportion of CD133+ and EpCAM+ TICs was found in recurrent tumors than in primary tumors. In vitro heat intervention promoted the cell migration and sphere formation ability. Additionally, it increased the proportion of CD133+ and EpCAM+ TICs and the expression of stem cell-related genes. In addition, after IRFA the residual tumors in xenografts grew faster and had more TICs than untreated tumors. ATRA remarkably inhibited residual tumor growth after IRFA by elimination of TICs though the PI3K/AKT pathway. Combination treatment with ATRA resulted in longer survival outcomes in mouse xenografts than RFA alone. Conclusions ATRA, as a TIC differentiation inducer, could help to improve the effect of RFA treatment, which was partially attributed to its effect against TICs. The data indicated its potential as an alternative drug in the development of better therapeutic strategies for use in combination with RFA.
Simulation on formation process of field-reversed configuration

Collisional-merging is a way to form high-performance field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma. An experiment device named HUST-FRC (HFRC) is under construction in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, which will be used to investigate the FRC formation through collisionalmerging. In this research, a magnetohydrodynamics simulation software called USim is used to study the effect of the initial density of plasma, the amplitude of the bias magnetic field, the configuration of the bias field, the rise time of the main field and the magnetic field ripple on the plasma parameters to facilitate the design and operation of HFRC. Preliminary simulation results show that cusp configuration, lower ripple, higher initial density, an initial bias field of −0.15 T or −0.2 T, and a rise time of 4 μs are conducive to the formation of high-performance FRC plasma in the HFRC device.
Evolution and influence of pump-turbine cavitation during load rejection transients of a pumped-storage plant

Load rejection is one of the most dangerous transients in pumped-storage plants, during which cavitation in pump-turbines is normally inevitable. In this study, we applied the one-dimensional and three-dimensional coupled computational fluid dynamics method to simulate the 100% load rejection transient process of a middle-head plant, analysed the evolution and influence of cavitation cavities, and evaluated the safety. During the guide-vane closing process, a spiral-shaped cavitation cavity under the runner cone and nine wedge-shaped cavitation cavities inside the blade channel outlets occur successively. Although no water column separation happens in the draft tube inlet, the collapses of the wedge-shaped cavities induce obvious impacts on the runner, causing axial force fluctuations, to which attention should be paid in the plant design phase. This study further validated the feasibility of the coupled method and revealed the mechanism of the dynamic cavitation phenomenon, which provides references for research and engineering design.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on osteoporotic vertebral fracture incidence and follow-up at the emergency department. A retrospective study of a tertiary hospital in southern Spain

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected trauma practices all over the world. Despite the increasing number of studies focused on the epidemiology of vertebral fractures (VFs) in COVID-19 patients, the impact of the pandemic on the incidence of trauma pathologies at the emergency department (ED) remains unclear. In Spain, very few studies have explored how the pandemic has affected the care of patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) in the ED and on their follow-up. The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact on the demand for care and diagnosis of VF during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the repercussions on patient follow-up. A longitudinal retrospective observational study was designed comparing two cohorts (pre-COVID and COVID) of patients for whom an emergency computed tomography scan was requested due to suspected vertebral fracture. Information was gathered on patient demographics, number and type of OVFs, time of day at which the diagnosis was made, follow-up, and treatment received. Comparative analyses were performed between both patient groups, with stratification by time intervals according to the pandemic waves in the COVID cohort. A total of 581 eligible patients were included in the study. The analyzed cohorts included 288 patients (145 and 143 in the pre-COVID and COVID cohorts, respectively), with a mean age of 73.4 ± 13.8 years and 205 (71.4%) women. No significant differences were observed on most measured variables. In the COVID cohort, the group of patients who received follow up care had a significantly lower mean age than the group that did not receive follow up care (70.2 ± 12.7 vs 76.2 ± 14.1 years, respectively, p = 0.008). In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has had little impact on the diagnosis and management of patients with OVF in our hospital. This could be explained by the specific characteristics of OVFs and the type of patients it affects. Our study has some limitations, mainly derived from its retrospective and single-center nature with a short follow-up interval.
LabVIEW Instrument Aimed for the Research on Brain-Computer Interface by Enabling the Acquisition, Processing, and the Neural Networks based Classification of the Raw EEG Signal Detected by the Embedded NeuroSky Biosensor

This paper proposes several LabVIEW applications to accomplish the data acquisition, processing, features extraction and real-time classification of the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal detected by the embedded sensor of the NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile headset. The LabVIEW applications are aimed at the implementation of a Brain-Computer Interface system, which is necessary to people with neuromotor disabilities. It is analyzed a novel approach regarding the preparation and automatic generation of the EEG dataset by identifying the most relevant multiple mixtures between selected EEG rhythms (both time and frequency domains of raw signal, delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and extracted statistical features (mean, median, standard deviation, route mean square, Kurtosis coefficient and others). The acquired raw EEG signal is processed and segmented into temporal sequences corresponding to the detection of the multiple voluntary eye-blinks EEG patterns. The main LabVIEW application accomplished the optimal real-time artificial neural networks techniques for the classification of the EEG temporal sequences corresponding to the four states: 0 - No Eye-Blink Detected; 1 - One Eye-Blink Detected; 2 – Two Eye-Blinks Detected and 3 – Three Eye-Blinks Detected. Nevertheless, the application can be used to classify other EEG patterns corresponding to different cognitive tasks, since the whole functionality and working principle could estimate the labels associated with various classes.
Predictors of prolonged hospitalization after vaginal birth in Ghana: A comparative study

Early discharge after child delivery although indispensable, but maybe precluded by several factors. The effect of these factors on prolonged length of stay (LOS) after vaginal delivery has been sparsely investigated in Ghana. This limits understanding of potential leading indicators to inform intervention efforts and optimize health care delivery. This study examined factors associated with prolonged LOS after vaginal birth in two time-separated cohorts in Ghana. We analyzed data from Ghana’s demographic and health surveys in 2007 and 2017. Our comparative analysis is based on subsamples in 2007 cohort (n = 2,486) and 2017 cohort (n = 8,065). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) with logistic regression was used to examine predictors of prolonged LOS after vaginal delivery. The cluster effect was accounted for using the exchangeable working correlation. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval were reported. We found that 62.4% (1551) of the participants in 2007 had prolonged LOS after vaginal delivery, whereas the prevalence of LOS in the 2017 cohorts was 44.9% (3617). This constitutes a 17.5% decrease over the past decade investigated. Advanced maternal age (AOR = 1.24, 95% Cl 1.01–1.54), place of delivery (AOR = 1.18, 95% Cl 1.02–1.37), child’s size below average (AOR = 1.14; 95% Cl 1.03–1.25), and problems suffered during/after delivery (AOR = 1.60; 95% Cl 1.43–1.80) were significantly associated with prolonged (≥ 24 hours) length of hospitalization after vaginal delivery in 2017. However, among variables that were available in 2007, only those who sought delivery assistance from non-health professionals (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.00–3.61) were significantly associated with prolonged LOS in the 2007 cohort. Our study provides suggestive evidence of a reduction in prolonged LOS between the two-time points. Despite the reduction observed, more intervention targeting the identified predictors of LOS is urgently needed to further reduce post-vaginal delivery hospital stay. Also, given that LOS is an important indicator of medical services use, an accurate understanding of its prevalence and associated predictors are useful in assessing the efficiency of hospital management practices and the quality of care of patients in Ghana.
Composite Reliability Impacts of Synchrophasor-Based DTR and SIPS Cyber–Physical Systems

The integration of smart infrastructures that facilitate two-way communication via information and communication technology (ICT) has enhanced the efficiency and sustainability of the power network. However, technologies, such as dynamic thermal rating (DTR) systems and system integrity protection schemes (SIPS), have disadvantages, including infrastructure failures, cyber–physical interdependencies, and cyber intrusions. These disadvantages contribute to the reduced reliability of the network. Comprehensive exploration of the reliability impacts of multiple smart grid technologies on a single power network has not been conducted. A DTR and SIPS system integrating wide area monitoring functions using phasor measurement units (PMUs) is presented in this study, and the effect of ICT contingencies on network reliability is investigated. A Monte Carlo simulation approach and a scenario reduction technique are utilized in this article. This approach is evaluated on the IEEE-RTS to demonstrate the advantages of ICTs. The approach is suitable for different network topologies, in which the difference lies in the number of required PMUs. Results demonstrate that a reliable SIPS can minimize the aging process while slightly influencing load curtailment despite the increase in overall network aging due to DTR. PMU functional failures result in load loss due to loss of observability despite their high availability.
ALT/AST as an Independent Risk Factor of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared with TG/HDL-C

Objective This study aimed to find the association between alanine transaminase-to-aspartate aminotransferase ratio (ALT/AST) and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total of 1128 pregnant women were included in this prospective, double-center, observational cohort study. ALT, AST and total bilirubin (TBil) were tested during 6–12 weeks of gestation and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted during 24–28 weeks of gestation to screen GDM. The association between ALT/AST and glucose concentration during OGTT was analyzed by linear regression model. The OR with 95% CI for incidence of GDM associated with ALT/AST was estimated by binary logistic regression. The discriminatory values of ALT/AST and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) for GDM were calculated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC). Results The incidence of GDM was 22.07% (249/1128). ALT/AST was higher in GDM group than in NGT group (0.92 [0.75, 1.18] vs 0.80[0.65, 1.02], P <0.001). ALT/AST had positive correlations with fasting blood glucose, 1-hour and 2-hour blood glucose concentration during OGTT (0.089 [95% CI: 0.034, 0.163], 0.176 [95% CI: 0.052, 0.104], and 0.115 [95% CI: 0.199, 0.609], respectively). The OR of ALT/AST for incidence of GDM was 1.603 (95% CI:1.097, 2.344). The ROC-AUC of ALT/AST and TG/HDL-C reached 0.615 (95% CI: 0.575, 0.655) and 0.619 (95% CI: 0.580, 0.659), respectively. Conclusion ALT/AST in early pregnancy was an independent risk factor of GDM. The predictive ability of ALT/AST was similar to TG/HDL-C for GDM.
Risk factors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremic pneumonia in the emergency department

The infection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has increased worldwide and MRSA bacteremic pneumonia is associated with a high mortality rate. This is a retrospective study conducted at a university hospital in Korea involving adult patients diagnosed as bacteremic pneumonia caused by S. aureus in the ED between January 2009 and December 2019. We compared MRSA bacteremic pneumonia patients (n = 56) to methicillin-susceptible S. aureus bacteremic pneumonia patients (n = 49). Our study showed that that underlying hypertension (OR = 5.68; 95% CI = 2.00–16.11; p = 0.001) and cerebrovascular disease (OR = 3.54; 95% CI = 1.06–11.75; p = 0.038), recent intravenous therapy within 1 month (OR = 8.38; 95% CI = 2.88–24.38; p = 0.0001), and pleural effusion on chest radiography (OR = 5.77; 95% CI = 1.79–18.57; p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for MRSA bacteremic pneumonia presenting to the ED. Although MRSA infection has been more frequently derived from the community than before, inappropriate empiric antibiotic treatment was overwhelmingly observed in the majority of patients in our study. Considering the resistance of MRSA to the typical empiric regimen prescribed for community-acquired pneumonia, emergency physicians should pay attention to the predictors for MRSA bacteremic pneumonia including pleural effusion on chest radiography when deciding on the appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy for pneumonia patients in the ED.
Perceived Safety of LIHTC Residents in Ohio: Impacts of Building Design

Abstract Ecological theories of crime have found that perceptions of neighborhood safety are influenced by a broad range of building features. Yet most research on how building design impacts perceptions of neighborhood safety for low-income renters was developed in a period of affordable housing defined by dense, segregated, and brutalist-inspired public housing. Research on low-income rental design has yet to focus on how residents in Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) properties perceive their levels of neighborhood safety, and how that may be influenced by building design. This study uses survey responses from 652 LIHTC residents in Ohio paired with design attributes and crime data to test how residents’ perceptions of neighborhood safety are related to building design features, controlling for neighborhood violent and property crimes. We find that design features minimally impact residents’ perceived neighborhood safety, and this does not vary significantly by resident characteristics. We suggest this contrast with past literature may relate to the design and maintenance standards associated with LIHTC properties. We recommend that housing finance agencies continue to encourage or incentivize affordable housing developers to design housing with features to increase natural surveillance, access control, and territoriality, and to focus on fostering community for LIHTC residents.