Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Interaction of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide and Paracannabinoid Lysophosphatidylinositol during Cell Death Induction in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) and paracannabinoid lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) play a significant role in cancer cell proliferation regulation. While anandamide inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells, LPI is known as a cancer stimulant. Despite the known endocannabinoid receptor crosstalk and simultaneous presence in the cancer microenvironment of both molecules, their combined activity has never been studied. We evaluated the effect of LPI on the AEA activity in six human breast cancer cell lines of different carcinogenicity (MCF-10A, MCF-7, BT-474, BT-20, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231) using resazurin and LDH tests after a 72 h incubation. AEA exerted both anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity with EC50 in the range from 31 to 80 µM. LPI did not significantly affect the cell viability. Depending on the cell line, the response to the LPI–AEA combination varied from a decrease in AEA cytotoxicity to an increase in it. Based on the inhibitor analysis of the endocannabinoid receptor panel, we showed that for the former effect, an active GPR18 receptor was required and for the latter, an active CB2 receptor. The data obtained for the first time are important for the understanding the manner by which endocannabinoid receptor ligands acting simultaneously can modulate cancer growth at different stages.
Vegetational Diversity and Distribution along an Elevational Gradient on both Sides of Chattergalla Ridge, Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir, India

The study was conducted to note the phytodiversity and its distribution along range of 2850 m to 3400 m on both sides of Chattergalla ridge in Jammu and Kashmir, north western Himalayas. The ridge displays a typical conical cross section with characteristic vegetational diversity and distribution along the opposite aspects with more or less same degree of slope inclination. During the investigations, 180 species belonging to 139 genera in 54 families were recorded from the study area, of which 131 species were observed common, while 161 species were exclusively found in northern and 150 in southern aspect, respectively. The number of deciduous species was relatively higher than evergreen species with more concentration along the northern aspect owing to micro-climatic fluctuations. The species richness and diversity revealed a decreasing trend with the rising elevation. The biodiversity of the region is slowly eroding owing to uncontrolled grazing and ruthless extraction of medicinal plants.
Subsistence farming in Bulgaria between tradition and market

Present-day Central and Eastern European agriculture is characterized by a high incidence of small-scale farmers who are not producing for the market. This paper uses household level data from a 1998 survey in Bulgaria to analyze which characteristics and factors influence subsistence farming. Acknowledgments:This research was undertaken with support from the European Community’s Phare ACE Programme P97-6090-R and P98-2091-S. The content of the publication is sole responsibility of the authors and it in no way represents the views of the Commission or its services.
A Systematic Review of Gender Disparity in the Authorship of Clinical Trials and Clinical Practice Guidelines in Various Medicine Subspecialties

Authorship in clinical trials and clinical practice guidelines is considered prestigious and is associated with broader peer recognition. This systematic review investigated female representation among studies reporting authorship trends in clinical trials or clinical practice guidelines in different medicine subspecialties. Our search strategy yielded 836 articles, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. Our findings indicate that females are severely underrepresented in authorship of clinical trials and clinical practice guidelines. Although the proportions of females may have improved in the past decade, the gains are marginal. Notably, studies in this domain predominantly focus on first/last authorship positions, and whether females are underrepresented in other positions as collaborative partners is currently unknown. Also, authorship trends in clinical trials or clinical practice guidelines of most medicine subspecialties besides cardiovascular medicine remain under-researched. Hence, standardizing the methodology for studying gender disparity in research output for comparative analysis between different subspecialties is as urgent as addressing the gender disparity in authorship.
Growth performance of goldfish, Carassius auratus and basil, Ocimum basilicum in media bed aquaponics

An experiment of 36 days duration was conducted to study growth performance of goldfish Carassius auratus and basil Ocimum basilicum reared in a media bed aquaponic system. Goldfish fry (3.32 ± 0.45 g and 4.20 ± 0.39 cm) were stocked in rectangular 75 l capacity (water volume of 50 l) plastic tanks at three different stocking densities viz., 500 m-3 (T1), 600 m-3 (T2) and 700 m-3 (T3), respectively and basil plants were planted at a density of 20 m-2, i.e., 10 plants 0.44 m-2 in the rectangular plastic tanks filled with crushed stone media. The goldfish fry were fed with artificial feed (33% protein) at 5% of body weight in equal proportions, two times a day. Control (C) group was set with only basil plants. Growth parameters of goldfish such as length gain (%), weight gain (%) and specific growth rate (% d-1) were significantly higher in T3 (p<0.05) as compared to T1 and T2. However, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) did not differ between treatments. Similarly, basil plant growth in terms of height gain (%) and leaves yield (nos. plant-1) were found to be highest in T3 which was significantly different from T1, T2 and control (C). Throughout the experimental period, values of water parameters in all the treatments were found to be in favourable ranges. From the results of the present study, it could be concluded that for maintaining good water quality with highest production in media bed aquaponics, the optimum stocking density is 700 m-3 for goldfish fry and 10 plants per 0.44 m2 for basil plants.
Associations of Diet with Health Outcomes in the UK Biobank: A Systematic Review

The UK Biobank is a cohort study that collects data on diet, lifestyle, biomarkers, and health to examine diet–disease associations. Based on the UK Biobank, we reviewed 36 studies on diet and three health conditions: type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. Most studies used one-time dietary data instead of repeated 24 h recalls, which may lead to measurement errors and bias in estimating diet–disease associations. We also found that most studies focused on single food groups or macronutrients, while few studies adopted a dietary pattern approach. Several studies consistently showed that eating more red and processed meat led to a higher risk of lung and colorectal cancer. The results suggest that high adherence to “healthy” dietary patterns (consuming various food types, with at least three servings/day of whole grain, fruits, and vegetables, and meat and processed meat less than twice a week) slightly lowers the risk of T2DM, CVD, and colorectal cancer. Future research should use multi-omics data and machine learning models to account for the complexity and interactions of dietary components and their effects on disease risk.
Correlation between Serum Biomarkers and Lung Ultrasound in COVID-19: An Observational Study

Serum biomarkers and lung ultrasound are important measures for prognostication and treatment allocation in patients with COVID-19. Currently, there is a paucity of studies investigating relationships between serum biomarkers and ultrasonographic biomarkers derived from lung ultrasound. This study aims to assess correlations between serum biomarkers and lung ultrasound findings. This study is a secondary analysis of four prospective observational studies in adult patients with COVID-19. Serum biomarkers included markers of epithelial injury, endothelial dysfunction and immune activation. The primary outcome was the correlation between biomarker concentrations and lung ultrasound score assessed with Pearson’s (r) or Spearman’s (rs) correlations. Forty-four patients (67 [41–88] years old, 25% female, 52% ICU patients) were included. GAS6 (rs = 0.39), CRP (rs = 0.42) and SP-D (rs = 0.36) were correlated with lung ultrasound scores. ANG-1 (rs = −0.39) was inversely correlated with lung ultrasound scores. No correlations were found between lung ultrasound score and several other serum biomarkers. In patients with COVID-19, several serum biomarkers of epithelial injury, endothelial dysfunction and immune activation correlated with lung ultrasound findings. The lack of correlations with certain biomarkers could offer opportunities for precise prognostication and targeted therapeutic interventions by integrating these unlinked biomarkers.
Lipid-Induced Oxidative Modifications Decrease the Bioactivities of Collagen Hydrolysates from Fish Skin: The Underlying Mechanism Based on the Proteomic Strategy

Collagen peptides exhibit various bioactivities, including antioxidation and ACE inhibition. However, the bioactivities of collagen peptides decrease gradually due to oxidation deterioration during storage, and this degradation of bioactive peptides is rarely studied. In this study, the oxidative levels and the bioactivities of collagen peptides were investigated during an oxidative-induced storage accelerated by lipids. The results suggested that the oxidation of collagen peptides was divided into three stages. At the early stage, the carbonyl content of collagen peptides increased rapidly (from 2.32 to 3.72 μmol/g peptide), showing a close correlation with their bioactivities (for antioxidation, r = −0.947; for ACE inhibition, r = −0.911). The oxidation level in the middle stage continued but was stable, and the bioactivities decreased. At the later stage, the Schiff base and dityrosine content increased significantly and showed a strong correlation with the bioactivities (antioxidation, r = −0.820, −0.801; ACE inhibition, r = −0.779, −0.865). The amino acid and proteomic analyses showed that Met, Lys, and Arg were susceptible to oxidation and revealed their oxidative modification types. This study provided an insight into the dynamic oxidative modifications of collagen peptides, which were shown to correlate well with the change in bioactivities.
Crop Fertility Conditions in North-Eastern Gaul During the La Tène and Roman Periods: A Combined Stable Isotope Analysis of Archaeobotanical and Archaeozoological Remains

ABSTRACT Considerable archaeobotanical datasets describe cereal cultivation in north-eastern France, from the Iron Age to the Roman period. This study aims to complement these by using stable isotope analysis on charred cereal grains. Soil fertility was investigated through δ15N and δ13C analyses of 1480 charred cereal grains, dated from the Late La Tène to the Late Antiquity periods. In the Île-de-France, charred grain Δ13C values suggested good hydric conditions, with drier episodes in the 1st and 3rd century AD; while in Champagne, the lower Δ13C values for spelt reflect the lower water holding capacity of the chalky soils. A wide range of cereal δ15N values (0.8–8.7‰) implies a wide range of soil fertility conditions. Jouars-Pontchartrain and Palaiseau (Île-de-France) yielded the highest cereal δ15N values, whereas Acy-Romance (Champagne) delivered among the lowest. From these three sites, the δ15N values of red deer bone collagen were used to estimate the reference δ15N values for unmanured plants. Unlike in Acy-Romance, there were significant differences in Palaiseau and Jouars-Pontchartrain, indicating that the cultivated cereals inherited their high δ15N values from manured soil. At Jouars-Pontchartrain, the δ15N value (almost 9‰) suggested a high trophic level manuring source, possibly from pig and/or human faeces.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egypt: A comprehensive Treatment Modalities

Background : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the ﬁ fth most common neoplasm in the world and the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide. HCC is responsible for more than one million deaths annually worldwide, representing 10 % of all deaths from cancer. Objective : To determine the different survival rates of HCC after different modalities of management: radiofrequency ablation (RFA), transarterial chemoembolization, liver resection and living donor liver transplantation. Patients and methods : Thisstudywasconductedon50patientshavingHCCduringtheperiodfromMarch2014toMay2017. They were classi ﬁ ed according to their ages into three groups, the ﬁ rst one included eight (16 %) patients above 60 years, 38 (76 %) patients between 50 and 60 years in the second group, and four (8 %) patients below 50 years in the last group. Results : Of the 50 treated patients, 20 HCC nodules were treated in 20 sessions, 10 patients were with a single session, and ﬁ ve patients with two sessions. In these 10 patients who subjected to RFA was apparent. This response continued with follow up, as patients mass and alpha fetoprotein level decreased with time. In patients who did not respond well, we did the second ablation. Four of those ﬁ ve patients, showed improvement and 18 sessions of transarterial chemo-embolization were done for these 10 patients. Two patients had taken two sessions, while three patients received three sessions. Five patients received only one session as there was no improvement after the session diagnosed by computed tomography. One patient developed recurrence after 6 months and two patients within 2 years. Conclusion : The utilization of RFA as a therapeutic intervention has demonstrated noteworthy long-term survival outcomes that are equal to those achieved with surgical resection in the management of small HCC.
Morphodynamics of a bedrock‐alluvial meander bend that incises as it migrates outward: approximate solution of permanent form

In meandering rivers cut into bedrock, erosion across a channel cross‐section can be strongly asymmetric. At a meander apex, deep undercutting of the outer bank can result in the formation of a hanging cliff (which may drive hillslope failure), whereas the inner bank adjoins a slip‐off slope that connects to the hillslope itself. Here we propose a physically‐based model for predicting channel planform migration and incision, point bar and slip‐off slope formation, bedrock abrasion, the spatial distribution of alluvial cover, and adaptation of channel width in a mixed bedrock‐alluvial channel. We simplify the analysis by considering a numerical model of steady, uniform bend flow satisfying cyclic boundary conditions. Thus in our analysis, ‘sediment supply’, i.e. the total volume of alluvium in the system, is conserved. In our numerical simulations, the migration rate of the outer bank is a specified parameter. Our simulations demonstrate the existence of an approximate state of dynamic equilibrium corresponding to a near‐solution of permanent form in which a bend of constant curvature, width, cross‐sectional shape and alluvial cover distribution migrates diagonally downward at constant speed, leaving a bedrock equivalent of a point bar on the inside of the bend. Channel width is set internally by the processes of migration and incision. We find that equilibrium width increases with increasing sediment supply, but is insensitive to outer bank migration rate. The slope of the bedrock point bar varies inversely with both outer bank migration rate and sediment supply. Although the migration rate of the outer bank is externally imposed here, we discuss a model modification that would allow lateral side‐wall abrasion to be treated in a manner similar to the process of bedrock incision. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nutrition-based health in modern animal production

Over the past decades several studies have investigated the importance of an adequate vitamin E status to sustain both animal health and production in dairy cows. Cow milk is considered as a remarkable source of bioactive components promoting human health, which has renewed interest in the effects of vitamin E supplementation on its nutritional value, sensory quality and shelf life. Thus, defining relative bioavailability, utilisation and transfer into milk of different vitamin E formulations is particularly important to assess the adequate levels of supplementation for animal health and milk quality. In nature vitamin E is present under one isomeric form, RRR α-tocopherol; when α-tocopherol is synthesized chemically, a racemic mixture of 8 possible isomers of α-tocopherol in equimolar concentrations is produced (all-rac α-tocopherol). The different stereoisomers have different biopotencies in humans and livestock; the conversion factor between RRR and all-rac vitamin E was estimated by early studies on the basis of the rat foetal resorption bioassay, and then extended to other species. Recent advances on the distribution of vitamin E stereoisomers in plasma and tissues have highlighted the need to formulate new conversion factors in dairy cows as well as in humans. On account of this, the present article aims to consider past and recent data related to vitamin E in dairy cow nutrition.
The Cyclical Behavior of the Price-Cost Markup

Countercyclical markups constitute the key transmission mechanism for monetary and other “demand” shocks in New Keynesian models. This paper tests the foundation of those models by studying the cyclical properties of the markup of price over marginal cost. The first part of the paper studies markups in the aggregate economy and the manufacturing sector. We use Bils’s (1987) insights for converting average cost to marginal cost, but do so with richer data. We find that all measures of markups are either procyclical or acyclical. Moreover, we show that monetary shocks lead markups to fall with output. The second part of the paper merges input-output information on shipments to the government with detailed industry data to study the effect of demand changes on industry-level markups. Industry-level markups are found to be acyclical in response to demand changes. JEL codes: E32, L16, J31
Unusual Localization of AIDS-Related Kaposi’s Sarcoma in a Heterosexual Male during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report

Kaposi’s sarcoma is an AIDS-defining illness and remains the most frequent tumor arising in HIV-infected patients with multifactorial etiology. We present a case of a 30-year-old Caucasian male with an 18-year history of HIV infection. The patient was presented with a one-week history of fever, non-productive cough, and skin lesions. There was an associated weakness and weight loss in a duration of 6 months. Clinical examination showed fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, lower limb edema, ascites, and violaceous cutaneous eruption comprising patches, plaques, and nodules. He also had a red nodule on the left conjunctiva, as well as on his oral mucosa. His CD4+ count was below 10/mm3 and ARN-HIV viral load was above 100,000 c/mL, in relation to the antiretroviral failure after five drug regimens. The role of co-infections in oncogenesis and the course of Kaposi’s sarcoma were considered in recent studies. Delayed diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma in the present case resulted in a negative impact for this patient during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Common and distinct equity preferences in children and adults

Fairness plays a crucial role in children’s social life and has garnered considerable attention. However, previous research and theories primarily examined the development of children’s fairness behaviors in the conflict between self-interest motivation and fairness-complying motivation, neglecting the influence of advantage-seeking motivation. Moreover, despite the well-established role of gain/loss frame in human decision-making, it remains largely unclear whether the framing effect modulates fairness behaviors in children. It was hypothesized that children would exhibit advantage-seeking motivation resulting in more selfish behaviors in the loss context. To examine the hypothesis, we combined an adapted dictator game and computational modeling to investigate various motivations underlying fairness behaviors of children in both loss and gain contexts and to explore the developmental directions by contrasting children and adults. In addition, the current design enabled the dissociation between fairness knowledge and behaviors by asking participants to decide for themselves (the first-party role) or for others (the third-party role). This study recruited a total of 34 children (9–10 years, Mage = 9.82, SDage = 0.38, 16 females) and 31 college students (Mage = 19.81, SDage = 1.40, 17 females). The behavioral results indicated that children behaved more selfishly in first-party and more fairly in third-party than adults, without any significant framing effects. The computational results revealed that both children and adults exhibited aversion to advantageous and disadvantageous inequity in third-party. However, they showed distinct preferences for advantageous inequity in first-party, with advantage-seeking preferences among children and aversion to advantageous inequity among adults. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of children’s social preferences and their developmental directions.
Epidemiology of Scorpion Envenoming in the Prefecture of Figuig, Morocco

Background: Scorpion stings are a public health problem in Morocco. Many studies have been conducted in various geographic locations to explore this problem. In this context, this is the first study aims to provide an epidemiological analysis of scorpion stings in the prefecture of Figuig, Morocco between 2009 and 2017. Methods: This is a retrospective study providing an epidemiological analysis of scorpion stings over 9 years. The data comprised the number of cases collected each month, their origin, and clinical outcomes. The data were transferred to Microsoft Office Excel and the statistical analysis describing means, standard deviations and frequencies, was performed using the program Epi info 6. Results: Over 9 years, there have been 1485 accidents recorded with sex ratio (M:F) as 1:1. The average incidence recorded is 127.62 per 100000 inhabitants per year. The stings were more frequent in summer months, particularly July and August, and 21.14% of the cases were children under 15 years. Of all cases, 73.4% did not need any medication, 3.03% needed hospitalization to treat specific symptoms and medical conditions, and 2.89% needed treatment for systemic effects of the envenomation. About 94.81% of all patients presented local symptoms and only 1.41% have their condition evolved into advanced symptoms and general manifestations. Conclusion: Scorpion stings are a public health problem in the prefecture of Figuig. The present study provided analysis in order to integrate the national strategy to fight the scorpion stings in Morocco.
A Review of Sensing Technologies for Indoor Autonomous Mobile Robots

As a fundamental issue in robotics academia and industry, indoor autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) have been extensively studied. For AMRs, it is crucial to obtain information about their working environment and themselves, which can be realized through sensors and the extraction of corresponding information from the measurements of these sensors. The application of sensing technologies can enable mobile robots to perform localization, mapping, target or obstacle recognition, and motion tasks, etc. This paper reviews sensing technologies for autonomous mobile robots in indoor scenes. The benefits and potential problems of using a single sensor in application are analyzed and compared, and the basic principles and popular algorithms used in processing these sensor data are introduced. In addition, some mainstream technologies of multi-sensor fusion are introduced. Finally, this paper discusses the future development trends in the sensing technology for autonomous mobile robots in indoor scenes, as well as the challenges in the practical application environments.