Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of CoronaVac in preventing COVID-19 in healthcare workers

ABSTRACT The CoronaVac vaccine was found to be effective against symptomatic COVID-19 and protective against severe disease in phase 3 studies. However, there are little data about its effectiveness in real-world conditions. The aim of the current study was to investigate the protective effect of the CoronaVac vaccine in health-care workers (HCWs) in Turkey, a country where CoronaVac is widely used. The questionnaire was sent to all employees in the form of a survey link by using a telephone application. In the survey, HCWs were asked about demographic characteristics; CoronaVac vaccination status, history of a COVID-19 infection, whether COVID-19 infection was before or after the CoronaVac vaccination; the time between being vaccinated and the COVID-19 infection; the clinical pictures of COVID-19 infection. Those who experienced COVID-19 before vaccination were compared with the breakthrough cases in terms of demographic and clinical features. A total of 628 HCW agreed to participate in the study. A total of 536 (85.3%) volunteers had been vaccinated and 92 (14.6%) had not been vaccinated against COVID-19 with CoronaVac. There was a history of COVID-19 infection in 234 (37.2%) subjects and 188 (35%) had been vaccinated and 46 (50%) not vaccinated. The rate experiencing COVID-19 disease was significantly lower in the vaccinated than the unvaccinated volunteers. The rate of breakthrough cases after CoronaVac was found to be 7%. The hospitalization rate was similar in the breakthrough cases and those who had COVID-19 before CoronaVac vaccination. The results of our study indicate that CoronaVac provides protection against COVID-19.
Wideband Circularly Polarized Fabry-Perot Antenna

broadband and high-gain, circularly polarized Fabry–Perot (CPFP) antenna is presented in this article. This antenna employs a two-layer partially reflective surface (PRS) with positive reflective phase gradient, which can improve the 3-dB gain bandwidth of Fabry–Perot (FP) antennas effectively. To generate a circularly polarized (CP) wave, a wideband CP microstrip patch is designed to serve as the feeding source. To validate this concept, an antenna prototype at X band is fabricated. The measurement results show that this antenna achieves a 3-dB gain bandwidth of 28.3% from 8.8 to 11.7 GHz with the peak gain of 14.7 dBi. Within this frequency range, the axial ratio (AR) is below 3 dB and the reflection coefficient is lower than -10 dB.
E-Commerce Adoption in Nigerian Businesses:An Analysis Using the Technology-Organization-Environmental Framework

Business organizations around the world engage in e-commerce (EC) and e-business to support business operations and enhance revenue generation from non-traditional sources. Studies focusing on EC adoption in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) are just beginning to emerge in the extant information systems (IS) literature. The objective of this current study is to investigate factors impacting the acceptance of EC in small businesses in SSA with Nigeria as an example. A research model based on the Diffusion of Innovation (DIT) and the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) frameworks were used to guide this discourse. Such factors as relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, management support, organizational readiness, external pressure, and IS vendor support were used to develop relevant hypotheses. Questionnaires were administered to respondents in Nigeria and data analysis was performed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique. Predictions related to relative advantage, management support, and IS vendor support were confirmed; the other hypotheses were unsupported by the data. The study’s implications for research and practice are discussed in the chapter.
Time perspective and amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE We examined time perspective in patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Prior research has shown that aMCI is associated with difficulties in experiencing time duration and succession. However, this line of inquiry has not been extended to time perspective. We examined associations between aMCI and multiple dimensions of time perspective including perceived orientations and relationships among the past, present, and future. METHOD Thirty aMCI patients and thirty-three healthy controls participated. Measures were the Time Orientation Scale (TOS), the Time Relation Scale (TRS), and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), as well as a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. RESULTS The TRS was associated with aMCI. Patients with aMCI were more likely to perceive that time was unrelated than the healthy older adults. Among patients with aMCI, an unrelated time perspective was associated with poorer performance in executive function measures. However, aMCI was not associated with the TOS or the ZTPI. CONCLUSIONS Patients with aMCI have difficulty in perceiving relationships among the past, present, and future. This could be the consequence of deficits in executive functions. This research suggests that patients with aMCI may have limited understanding for how their current behaviours are related to both their past and future.
Mycorrhizal fungi alleviate acidification‐induced phosphorus limitation: Evidence from a decade‐long field experiment of simulated acid deposition in a tropical forest in south China

South China has been experiencing very high rate of acid deposition and severe soil acidification in recent decades, which has been proposed to exacerbate the regional ecosystem phosphorus (P) limitation. We conducted a 10‐year field experiment of simulated acid deposition to examine how acidification impacts seasonal changes of different soil P fractions in a tropical forest with highly acidic soils in south China. As expected, acid addition significantly increased occluded P pool but reduced the other more labile P pools in the dry season. In the wet season, however, acid addition did not change microbial P, soluble P and labile organic P pools. Acid addition significantly increased exchangeable Al3+ and Fe3+ and the activation of Fe oxides in both seasons. Different from the decline of microbial abundance in the dry season, acid addition increased ectomycorrhizal fungi and its ratio to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi in the wet season, which significantly stimulated phosphomonoesterase activities and likely promoted the dissolution of occluded P. Our results suggest that, even in already highly acidic soils, the acidification‐induced P limitation could be alleviated by stimulating ectomycorrhizal fungi and phosphomonoesterase activities. The differential responses and microbial controls of seasonal soil P transformation revealed here should be implemented into ecosystem biogeochemical model for predicting plant productivity under future acid deposition scenarios.
Analysis of the Effects of Electronic Medical Records and a Payment Scheme on the Length of Hospital Stay

Objectives This study analyzed the effects of computerization of medical information systems and a hospital payment scheme on medical care outcomes. Specifically, we examined the effects of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) and a diagnosis procedure combination/per-diem payment scheme (DPC/PDPS) on the average length of hospital stay (ALOS). Methods Post-intervention changes in the monthly ALOS were measured using an interrupted time-series analysis. Results The level changes observed in the monthly ALOS immediately post-DPC/PDPS were −1.942 (95% confidence interval [CI], −2.856 to −1.028), −1.885 (95% CI, −3.176 to −0.593), −1.581 (95% CI, −3.081 to −0.082) and −2.461 (95% CI, −3.817 to 1.105) days in all ages, <50, 50–64, and ≥65 years, respectively. During the post-DPC/PDPS period, trends of 0.107 (95% CI, 0.069 to 0.144), 0.048 (95% CI, −0.006 to 0.101), 0.183 (95% CI, 0.122 to 0.245) and 0.110 (95% CI, 0.054 to 0.167) days/month, respectively, were observed. During the post-EMR period, trends of −0.053 (95% CI, −0.080 to −0.027), −0.093 (95% CI, −0.135 to −0.052), and −0.049 (95% CI, −0.087 to −0.012) days/month were seen for all ages, 50–64 and ≥65 years, respectively. Conclusions The increasing post-DPC/PDPS trends offset the decline in ALOS observed immediately post-DPC/PDPS, and the observed ALOS was longer than the counterfactual at the end of the DPC/PDPS study periods. Conversely, due to the downward trend seen after EMR introduction, the actual ALOS at the end of the EMR study period was shorter than the counterfactual, suggesting that EMRs might be more effective than the DPC/PDPS in sustainably reducing the LOS.
Exercise-driven exacerbation of inflammation: contribution of animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis

ABSTRACT Purpose To describe the observations of studies that have explored the effects of exercise on inflammation and tissue remodeling in animal models of inflammatory arthropathies including Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis. Methods A search was performed at Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2010 to 2021. The selected articles were classified into those who reported positive and negative effects of exercise, and the characteristics of their experimental designs, including the animal model, the study groups, the exercise intervention and the evaluation techniques, were detailed. Results Thirteen original articles that met the selection criteria were included. The effects of exercise on the joint biology of mice with inflammatory arthritis were controversial. Although exercise benefits have been observed in some experimental designs, the majority of them have shown that exercise leads to exacerbation of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and processes associated with arthritis such as oxidative stress and hypoxia. Conclusion Further research is necessary as the existing guidelines do not consider the negative effects of the exercise evidenced in animal models. The potential risks of exercise for patients should be considered.
Pharmacokinetics and Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine‐1 Pharmacodynamics of the Murine Double Minute 2 Inhibitor, Navtemadlin (KRT‐232) in Fed and Fasted Healthy Subjects

This single 60‐mg dose, 4‐period crossover study assessed the effect of food and formulation change on navtemadlin (KRT‐232) pharmacokinetics (PK) and macrophage inhibitory cytokine‐1 (MIC‐1) pharmacodynamics. Healthy subjects (N = 30) were randomized to 3 treatment sequences, A: new tablet, fasted (reference, dosed twice); B: new tablet, 30 minutes after a high‐fat meal (test 1); C: old tablet, fasted (test 2). PK/pharmacodynamic parameters were measured over 0 to 96 hours. Adverse events were mild without any discontinuations. No serious adverse events or deaths occurred. In treatment A, navtemadlin mean (coefficient of variation) maximum concentration (Cmax) was 525 (66) ng/mL, at median time to maximum concentration (tmax) of 2 hours. Mean (coefficient of variation) area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to time t (AUC0‐t) was 3392 (63.3) ng • h/mL, and arithmetic mean terminal half‐life was 18.6 hours. Acyl glucuronide metabolite (M1)/navtemadlin AUC0‐t ratio was 0.2, and urine excretion of navtemadlin was negligible. After a meal (B vs A), navtemadlin tmax was delayed by 1 hour. Geometric least squares means ratios (90%CI) for navtemadlin Cmax and AUC0‐t were 102.7% (87.4‐120.6) and 81.4% (76.2‐86.9), respectively. Old vs new tablet fasted formulations (C vs A) had geometric least squares means ratios (90%CI) of 78.4% (72.0‐85.3) for Cmax and 85.9% (80.5‐91.7) for AUC0‐t. MIC‐1 Cmax and AUC were comparable across groups; tmax was delayed relative to navtemadlin tmax by ≈8 hours. Navtemadlin AUC0‐t and MIC‐1 AUC0‐t correlated significantly. In conclusion, navtemadlin can be administered safely with or without food; the new formulation does not affect navtemadlin PK. The 60‐mg navtemadlin dose elicited a reproducible and robust MIC‐1 response that correlated well with navtemadlin exposure, indicating that murine double minute 2 target engagement leads to p53 activation.
Hesitate between confocal laser endomicroscopy and narrow-band imaging: how to choose a better method in the detection of focal precancerous state of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND With a high incidence globally, deaths form gastric cancer (GC) are not rare. Early diagnosis is crucial to ameliorate its prognosis. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) and narrow band imaging (NBI) have been extensively applied in gastroscopy, particularly when it comes to the detection and management of premalignant gastric lesion. Our meta-analysis intends to appraise the diagnostic capability and compare the efficacy of NBI and CLE for focal precancerous state of gastric cancer. METHODS We performed a literature search up to November 5, 2020 in online databases and major conferences. Two investigators assessed the methodological bias by QUADAS-2, followed by sophisticated study selection and data exaction to make a comparison between sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood values, and diagnostic odds ratio. A symmetric summary receiver-operating curve (sROC) and its area under the curve (AUC) were used to estimate threshold effect. Additionally, we evaluated the publication bias by Deeks' asymmetry test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Four studies involved 248 patients and 526 lesions. In analysis drawn from every lesion, the NBI's pooled sensitivity and specificity were 87% (95% CI: 0.80-0.92) and 85% (95% CI: 0.75-0.91), and those of CLE were 90% (95% CI: 0.85-0.91) and 87% (95% CI: 0.83-0.91). CLE illustrated that the pooled two were slightly higher than NBI when compared at the level of every lesion. The AUC for NBI and CLE was 0.92 (0.90-0.94) and 0.95 (0.92-0.96), and there might be a threshold effect, according to the shoulder-like distribution of scatter points in the sROC. We did not find obvious publication bias in our meta-analysis.
Overview of Patient Safety Culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina With Improvement Recommendations for Hospitals

Objectives This study investigates the patient safety culture (PSC) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). We identify factors that contribute to higher patient safety and improved reporting of adverse events, thereby developing recommendations to improve PSC. Methods The study used a correlation design based on cross-sectional surveys in the healthcare sector of BiH (N = 2617). We analyzed the correlation between 9 PSC factors, 4 background characteristics (explanatory variables), and 2 outcome variables (patient safety grade and number of events reported). We also analyzed the variance to determine perceived differences in PSC across the various staff roles in hospitals. Results The highest rated PSC factors were Hospital handoffs and transitions and Hospital management support for patient safety and the lowest rated factor was Nonpunitive response to error. Each of the 9 factors showed considerable potential to improve from a hospital, department, and outcome perspective. A comparison of the various employee positions shows significant differences in the PSC perceptions of managers versus nurses and doctors as well as nurses versus doctors. Conclusions We found average scores for most PSC factors, leaving the considerable potential for improvement. Compared with the number of events reported and background characteristics, it is evident that PSC factors contribute significantly to patient safety. These factors are essential for the targeted development of PSC. We propose evidence-based practices as recommendations for improving patients’ safety factors.
Dynamic analyses of traffic speed deflection devices

Abstract Two traffic speed deflection devices (TSDDs) that measure surface deflections at posted traffic speeds (up to 80–96 kph) were evaluated through a recent Federal Highway Administration project that included field trials at the MnROAD facility. Four geophones were embedded near the pavement surface to measure surface deflections during field trials at each of three MnROAD cells. In addition, the MnROAD facility counted with numerous other sensors such as strain gauges to measure pavement responses and thermocouple trees to collect pavement temperature at various depths. For the implementation of TSDDs in any network-level pavement management system, it is important to utilise a proper analytical model that can accommodate moving load and viscoelastic properties of pavement layers in the simulation of TSDD measurements. The 3D-Move software was chosen for this purpose. The viscoelastic properties used for the asphalt concrete (AC) layer include dynamic modulus and damping coefficient as a function of frequency relevant to the temperature at the time of the MnROAD field trials. The field trials and available data represented realistic field case scenarios to validate once more 3D-Move specifically for TSDD measurements. The proposed dynamic analytical model provided a good match with a variety of independent pavement responses that included surface deflection bowls (measured using embedded geophone sensors) as well as horizontal strains at the bottom of the AC layers (measured using MnROAD sensors).
Social Work’s Response during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review—Balancing Telemedicine with Social Work Self-Care during A Pandemic

ABSTRACT Before the COVID-19 pandemic, questions about the increased use of telemedicine had become common in conversations among medical providers. With the onset of the pandemic, these questions became more pronounced, and quick implementation became the key. New and historic barriers to telemedicine began to emerge at a dramatically increased rate during its rapid mobilization. However, considering how quickly telemedicine has been implemented, the impact on frontline workers, such as social workers, has not been specifically explored. We wondered how the change from face-to-face care to using digital platforms for care delivery has affected social work. Could social work ensure the fluid rollout of digital treatment platforms for care management? Could social work balance the increased number of digital treatment platforms with self-care for social workers during the COVID-19 crisis? What were some history social- work-preparedness plans used for other pandemics, and would those plans work for the COVID-19 pandemic? What were some of the self-care techniques employed by social workers? What were the emerging best practices of social workers at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system in the U.S. South? We needed to explore these questions to formulate knowledge that could be beneficial for VA health care. This literature review assesses the current responses from the field of social work during the COVID-19 pandemic, leveraging telemedicine, social work self-care, and the fluidity of VA services.
EDP-938, a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Inhibitor, in a Human Virus Challenge.

BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality among infants, older adults, and immunocompromised adults. EDP-938, a nonfusion replication inhibitor of RSV, acts by modulating the viral nucleoprotein. METHODS In a two-part, phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled challenge trial, we assigned participants who had been inoculated with RSV-A Memphis 37b to receive EDP-938 or placebo. Different doses of EDP-938 were assessed. Nasal-wash samples were obtained from day 2 until day 12 for assessments. Clinical symptoms were assessed by the participants, and pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained. The primary end point was the area under the curve (AUC) for the RSV viral load, as measured by reverse-transcriptase-quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction assay. The key secondary end point was the AUC for the total symptom score. RESULTS In part 1 of the trial, 115 participants were assigned to receive EDP-938 (600 mg once daily [600-mg once-daily group] or 300 mg twice daily after a 500-mg loading dose [300-mg twice-daily group]) or placebo. In part 2, a total of 63 participants were assigned to receive EDP-938 (300 mg once daily after a 600-mg loading dose [300-mg once-daily group] or 200 mg twice daily after a 400-mg loading dose [200-mg twice-daily group]) or placebo. In part 1, the AUC for the mean viral load (hours × log10 copies per milliliter) was 204.0 in the 600-mg once-daily group, 217.7 in the 300-mg twice-daily group, and 790.2 in the placebo group. The AUC for the mean total symptom score (hours × score, with higher values indicating greater severity) was 124.5 in the 600-mg once-daily group, 181.8 in the 300-mg twice-daily group, and 478.8 in the placebo group. The results in part 2 followed a pattern similar to that in part 1: the AUC for the mean viral load was 173.9 in the 300-mg once-daily group, 196.2 in the 200-mg twice-daily group, and 879.0 in the placebo group, and the AUC for the mean total symptom score was 99.3, 89.6, and 432.2, respectively. In both parts, mucus production was more than 70% lower in each EDP-938 group than in the placebo group. The four EDP-938 regimens had a safety profile similar to that of placebo. Across all dosing regimens, the EDP-938 median time to maximum concentration ranged from 4 to 5 hours, and the geometric mean half-life ranged from 13.7 to 14.5 hours. CONCLUSIONS All EDP-938 regimens were superior to placebo with regard to lowering of the viral load, total symptom scores, and mucus weight without apparent safety concerns. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03691623.).
Effect of pre-hospital early intervention combined with an in-hospital emergency model in the emergency care of patients with acute stroke.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effect of pre-hospital early intervention combined with an in-hospital emergency model in the emergency care of patients with acute stroke. METHODS Eighty-six patients with acute stroke treated in our hospital between December 2018 and January 2020 were enrolled prospectively and were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 43 cases in each group. The control group received conventional emergency mode care, while the study group received pre-hospital early intervention combined with an in-hospital emergency model. The success rate of successful resuscitation (CPR), resuscitation endpoints, complication rates, nursing satisfaction and changes in limb motor function (Fugl-Meyer score) and activity of daily living (ADL score) before and at 3 months after intervention were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The total success rate of rescue and nursing satisfaction were higher in the study group (93.02%, 97.77%) than in the control group (74.42%, 79.07%), while the complication rate in the study group (4.65%) was lower than that in the control group (20.93%). Time to resuscitation, time to thrombolytic therapy, time from admission to completion of imaging, and the length of hospital stay were shorter in the study group than in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with pre-intervention, Fugl-Meyer and ADL scores were increased in both groups and were higher in the study group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Pre-hospital early intervention combined with in-hospital emergency model in the first aid of patients with acute stroke can effectively improve the success rate of rescue, shorten the duration of rescue and length of hospital stay, reduce the incidence of complications, increase nursing satisfaction, and improve limb motor function and ADL.
The prognostic significance of tumor spread through air space in stage I lung adenocarcinoma

There are still patients of stage I lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) suffering from local or distant recurrence. Herein we conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate the prognostic value of tumor spread through air space (STAS), a new form of invasion pattern, in patients with pathologically confirmed stage I lung ADC.