Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yellow Fever: Roles of Animal Models and Arthropod Vector Studies in Understanding Epidemic Emergence

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus circulating throughout the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa and South America. It is responsible for an estimated 30,000 deaths annually, and while there is a highly successful vaccine, coverage is incomplete, and there is no approved treatment for YFV infection. Despite advancements in the field, animal models for YFV infection remain scarce, and care must be taken to select an appropriate model for a given hypothesis. Small animal models require either adapted YFV strains or immunocompromised hosts. Non-human primates (NHPs) recapitulate human disease, but they require specialized facilities and training, are often in short supply and cost-prohibitive, and can present ethical concerns. The limitations in studying the mosquito vectors for YFV infection include inconsistency in the laboratory environment, the requirement for a high containment insectary, and difficulty in maintaining sylvatic mosquitoes. In this review, we discuss the roles of animal models and arthropod vector studies in understanding epidemic emergence.
Determination of Void Fraction Profile in a Boiling Water Reactor Channel Using Neutron Noise Analysis

Fluctuations in the neutron flux caused by steam bubbles were analyzed to infer the average void fraction in the four fuel bundles that surround an in-core detector string in a boiling water reactor. The velocity of steam bubbles was inferred from the phase lag between axially displaced in-core fission detectors. This velocity, together with the measured power distribution and mass flow rate, was used to obtain the void fraction as a function of axial position. The results are in agreement with the predictions based on the Zuber et al. model, except near the top of the fuel channel.
Flexible Employment of Torpor in Squirrel Gliders (Petaurus norfolcensis): An Adaptation to Unpredictable Climate?

Torpor is a highly effective response to counter various ecological and physiological bottlenecks in endotherms. In this study, we examined interrelations between thermoregulatory responses and key environmental variables in free-living squirrel gliders (Petaurus norfolcensis) in a habitat with drastic climatic and ecological changes across seasons. To this end, we measured body temperature (Tb) and heart rate (fH) simultaneously throughout the year using implanted data loggers. Squirrel gliders in our study experienced fluctuations in ambient temperature (Ta) between −4.0°C and 44.1°C and expressed torpor at different times during the year. In contrast to our expectations, torpor seemed to be employed flexibly, on demand, and most frequently in spring rather than during the coldest and/or hottest periods. Torpor bouts lasted, on average, about 5 h, and Tb during torpor dropped as low as 17.9°C. The fH during torpor decreased below 50 bpm, which is about one-third of the basal level. The ability to record fH alongside Tb enabled us to also report periods of low fH during thermoconforming hyperthermia at Ta’s above 35°C that likely occurred to conserve energy and water. Our findings double the body size of Australian gliders for which data on torpor are available and advance our ecological understanding of the dynamics of torpor expression in wild mammals and of how animals cope with varying conditions. Moreover, they highlight that the flexibility of physiology and thermoregulatory responses are clearly more complex than previously thought.
Improving Fertility in Friesian Cows by Synchronization of Fixed Time Insemination

This study aimed to examine several hormonal treatments approaches for improving fertility in Friesian cows with high and low fertility. This study used a total of 40 Friesian cows, 20 of which were unable to conceive after a single service (high fertility), and 20 of which were unable to conceive after three services (low fertility). Animals were classified into four groups (n=10 /group) for two hormonal protocols. Cows in the first and second groups high or low-fertility (G1 and G2, respectively) were treated with PGF 2 α- GnRH protocol. Cows in the third and forth groups high or low-fertility (G3 and G4, respectively) were treated with OvSynch protocol. Results showed effective increasing oestrus responses 90, 70, 100 and 80% in G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively. Pregnancy rate was significantly higher in G1 (80%) and G2 (60%) than in G3 (50% ) and G4 (40%) in cows. The concentration of progesterone (P4) significantly decreased in pregnant cows compared with non-pregnant in G2 and G3 at artificial insemination (AI), while it was higher at days 7, 14 and 24 post-AI in pregnant than in non-pregnant cows. At oestrus, the P4 concentration was significantly decreased in G1, G2, G3 and G4, in pregnant cow than in non-pregnant of high or low fertility. Economic analysis revealed that the PGF2-GnRH protocols were the least expensive (L.E. 65/animal), while the OvSynch treatment was the most expensive (L.E 95/animal).
High-capacity discrete exponential BAM

A bidirectional associative memory (BAM) with high capacity for storage of pattern pairs is proposed. The associative memory takes advantage of the exponential nonlinearity in the evolution equations such that the signal-noise-ratio (SNR) is significantly increased. The increase of SNR consequently enhances the capacity of the BAM. An energy function is defined. The energy of the exponential BAM decreases as the recall process proceeds, ensuring the stability of the system. The monotonic decrease of the energy of the exponential BAM during the recall process ensures it will reach a local minimum. <<ETX>>
Effectiveness Of Combination Of Meditation And Positive Affirmations On Labor Duration And Apgar Score

Background: Meditation and positive affirmations are part of non-pharmacological therapies to treat anxiety in pregnant women. Anxiety generally occurs in third trimester pregnant women. Anxiety can increase catecholamines which have a negative impact on the mother and fetus both during pregnancy and childbirth. Purpose: This study was to analyzed the combined effect of meditation and positive affirmations on labor duration and APGAR scores Method: iThis istudy iuses a quasi experimental design with a post test only control group approach. The research subjects were third trimester primigravida, totaling 24 people who were divided into 2 groups. Data were analyzed using the Independent sample t-test. Results: There was a significant difference in the length of labor with p-value = 0.017 (p<0.05) and APGAR scores with p-value = 0.020 (p<0.05) compared between the control group and the treatment group. Conclusion: the combination of meditation and positive affirmations is effective in shortening the length of labor and increasing the APGAR scores. Suggestion: midwifery service providers can apply a combination of meditation and positive affirmations for third trimester pregnant women in order to minimize problems that affect the length of labor and the APGAR scores of newborns. This study analyzed whether there was a difference in labor duration between primigravida mothers who practiced a combination of meditation and positive affirmation exercises and those who did not. The data on the characteristics of the research subjects showed that the majority of the control group and treatment group experienced mild anxiety and some even experienced panic-level anxiety. The results of statistical tests showed that there was a significant difference between the control group and the treatment group regarding labor duration. In the treatment group, the labor duration was recorded to be shorter than the control group. These results confirm that pregnant women who practice a combination of meditation and positive affirmations
Fusion Systems in Algebra and Topology

A fusion system over a p-group S is a category whose objects form the set of all subgroups of S, whose morphisms are certain injective group homomorphisms, and which satisfies axioms first formulated by Puig that are modelled on conjugacy relations in finite groups. The definition was originally motivated by representation theory, but fusion systems also have applications to local group theory and to homotopy theory. The connection with homotopy theory arises through classifying spaces which can be associated to fusion systems and which have many of the nice properties of p-completed classifying spaces of finite groups. Beginning with a detailed exposition of the foundational material, the authors then proceed to discuss the role of fusion systems in local finite group theory, homotopy theory and modular representation theory. This book serves as a basic reference and as an introduction to the field, particularly for students and other young mathematicians.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE DAN INTENSITAS MODAL TERHADAP EFFECTIVE TAX RATE (ETR) DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze and describe empirically the effect of leverage and capital intensity on the effective tax rate (ETR) with profitability as a moderating variable. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2016-2018 with a total of 185 companies. Sampling was done using a purposive sampling method and a final sample of 93 companies was obtained with 154 units of analysis after being reduced by 125 outliers. Data analysis techniques used in this study were descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis, namely regression analysis with moderating variables using the absolute difference test method. The results showed that leverage does not significantly influence the effective tax rate (ETR). Capital intensity has a positive and significant effect on the effective tax rate (ETR). Profitability is able to moderate the effect of leverage on the effective tax rate (ETR). But profitability is not able to moderate the effect of capital intensity on the effective tax rate (ETR). Keywords: Effective Tax Rate (ETR); Leverage; Capital Intensity; Profitability ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan secara empiris pengaruh leverage dan intensitas modal terhadap effective tax rate (ETR) dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderating. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2018 dengan jumlah 185 perusahaan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan diperoleh sampel akhir sejumlah 93 perusahaan dengan 154 unit analisis setelah dikurangi dengan 125 outlier. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial yaitu analisis regresi dengan variabel moderating menggunakan metode uji nilai selisih mutlak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa leverage tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap effective tax rate (ETR). Intensitas modal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap effective tax rate (ETR). Profitabilitas mampu memoderasi pengaruh leverage terhadap effective tax rate (ETR). Namun profitabilitas tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh intensitas modal terhadap effective tax rate (ETR). Kata Kunci: Effective Tax Rate (ETR); Leverage; Intensitas Modal; Profitabilitas
Interventions Including Smart Technology Compared With Face-to-face Physical Activity Interventions in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and a meta-analysis comparing smart technology with face-to-face physical activity (PA) interventions in community-dwelling older adults (mean age 60 years). Objective This study aims to determine the effect of interventions including smart technology components compared with face-to-face PA interventions on PA and physical function in older adults. The secondary outcomes are depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and AMED electronic databases from inception to February 2021. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts and performed data extraction and risk of bias assessments using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence. We provided a narrative synthesis on all included studies and, where possible, performed meta-analyses for similar outcomes. Results This review included 19 studies with a total of 3455 participants. Random effects meta-analyses showed that interventions with smart technology components resulted in improved step count (mean difference 1440 steps, 95% CI 500-2390) and total PA (standardized mean difference 0.17, 95% CI 0.02-0.32) compared with face-to-face alone. There was no difference between groups in terms of the measures of physical function. Smart technology alone did not show significant differences between groups in any outcome. The quality of the evidence was very low based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria. Conclusions Interventions that include smart technology may improve daily step counts by an average of 1440 steps in community-dwelling older adults; however, the quality of the evidence was very low. Future studies are needed to improve the certainty of these results. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42020135232; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=135232
Integrated Analysis of Tumor Mutation Burden and Immune Infiltrates in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Tumor mutation burdens (TMBs) act as an indicator of immunotherapeutic responsiveness in various tumors. However, the relationship between TMBs and immune cell infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still obscure. The present study aimed to explore the potential diagnostic markers of TMBs for HCC and analyze the role of immune cell infiltration in this pathology. We used OA datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. First, the “maftools” package was used to screen the highest mutation frequency in all samples. R software was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to mutation frequency and perform functional correlation analysis. Then, the gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed with “clusterProfiler”, “enrichplot”, and “ggplot2” packages. Finally, the correlations between diagnostic markers and infiltrating immune cells were analyzed, and CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in HCC tissues. As a result, we identified a total of 359 DEGs in this study. These DEGs may affect HCC prognosis by regulating fatty acid metabolism, hypoxia, and the P53 pathway. The top 15 genes were selected as the hub genes through PPI network analysis. SRSF1, SNRPA1, and SRSF3 showed strong similarities in biological effects, NCBP2 was demonstrated as a diagnostic marker of HCC, and high NCBP2 expression was significantly correlated with poor over survival (OS) in HCC. In addition, NCBP2 expression was correlated with the infiltration of B cells (r = 0.364, p = 3.30 × 10−12), CD8+ T cells (r = 0.295, p = 2.71 × 10−8), CD4+ T cells, (r = 0.484, p = 1.37 × 10−21), macrophages (r = 0.551, p = 1.97 × 10−28), neutrophils (r = 0.457, p = 3.26 × 10−19), and dendritic cells (r = 0.453, p = 1.97 × 10−18). Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that the degree of central memory T-cell (Tcm) infiltration may be correlated with the HCC process. In conclusion, NCBP2 can be used as diagnostic markers of HCC, and immune cell infiltration plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of HCC.
Synergistic effect of combining sunitinib with a peptide-based vaccine in cancer treatment after microenvironment remodeling

ABSTRACT Although it has proven difficult to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of therapeutic vaccination as a monotherapy in advanced cancers, its combination with an immunomodulatory treatment to reduce intra-tumor immunosuppression and improve vaccine efficacy is a very promising strategy. In this context, we are studying the combination of a vaccine composed of peptides of the tumor antigen survivin (SVX vaccine) with the anti-angiogenic agent sunitinib in a colorectal carcinoma model. To this end, we have been focusing on administration scheduling and have highlighted a therapeutic synergy between SVX vaccine and sunitinib when the vaccine was administered at the end of anti-angiogenic treatment. In this setting, a prolonged control of tumor growth associated with an important percentage of complete tumor regression was observed. Studying the remodeling induced by each therapy on the immunological and angiogenic tumor microenvironment over time we observed, during sunitinib treatment, a transient increase in polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) and a decrease in NK cells in the tumor microenvironment. In contrast, after sunitinib treatment was stopped, a decrease in PMN-MDSC populations has been observed in the tumor, associated with an increase in NK cells, pericyte coverage of tumor vessels and CD8+ T cell population and functionality. In conclusion, sunitinib treatment results in the promotion of an immune-favorable tumor microenvironment that can guide the optimal sequence of vaccine and anti-angiogenic combination to reinforce their synergy.
Testing Assumptions in the Use of PIT Tags to Study Movement of Plethodon Salamanders

Abstract. Studying the movements of organisms that live underground for at least a portion of their life history is challenging, given the state of current technology. Passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) provide a way to individually identify and, more recently, study the movement of smaller animals, including those that make subterranean movements. However, there are widespread assumptions of the use of PIT tags that remain problematic. We tested the effects of PIT-tag implantation on growth and survival, along with the effects of electromagnetic fields for reading PIT tags on behavior, of the smallest salamander that has been PIT-tagged: the Red-Backed Salamander. We found no effect of PIT tags on growth or survival. Using a mesocosm experiment, we also found that electromagnetic effects associated with reading PIT tags, had no effect on salamander behavior. Further, we describe a novel PIT antenna and soil mesocosm experimental arena for studying belowground movements of woodland salamanders. Collectively, these studies suggest that the use of PIT tags do not influence the growth, survival, or behavior of Red-Backed Salamanders. Given the challenges of studying salamanders that live underground and the impending changes in climate and landscapes, this research suggests that PIT tags remain a viable tool for studying the movement ecology of salamanders under global change.
On the Electron-Induced Reactions of (CH3)AuP(CH3)3: A Combined UHV Surface Science and Gas-Phase Study

Focused-electron-beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is a powerful nanopatterning technique where electrons trigger the local dissociation of precursor molecules, leaving a deposit of non-volatile dissociation products. The fabrication of high-purity gold deposits via FEBID has significant potential to expand the scope of this method. For this, gold precursors that are stable under ambient conditions but fragment selectively under electron exposure are essential. Here, we investigated the potential gold precursor (CH3)AuP(CH3)3 using FEBID under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and spectroscopic characterization of the corresponding metal-containing deposits. For a detailed insight into electron-induced fragmentation, the deposit’s composition was compared with the fragmentation pathways of this compound through dissociative ionization (DI) under single-collision conditions using quantum chemical calculations to aid the interpretation of these data. Further comparison was made with a previous high-vacuum (HV) FEBID study of this precursor. The average loss of about 2 carbon and 0.8 phosphor per incident was found in DI, which agreed well with the carbon content of the UHV FEBID deposits. However, the UHV deposits were found to be as good as free of phosphor, indicating that the trimethyl phosphate is a good leaving group. Differently, the HV FEBID experiments showed significant phosphor content in the deposits.
Physical Literacy Research in the United States: A Systematic Review of Academic Literature

ABSTRACT Background Researchers within transdisciplinary fields examine physical literacy; however, substantial changes have been suggested regarding the evaluation and reporting of physical literacy within health education. Purpose This systematic review provides an overview of a) physical literacy literature published in the U.S.; b) scholars, disciplines, and contexts represented in available U.S-based physical literacy studies; and c) explicates the progression of physical literacy in the U.S. over the last 20 years. Methods Utilizing the PRISMA-P 2015, 36 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. Results Concepts such as health, education, activity, school, development, life, competence, and knowledge were strongly related to physical literacy. Most reviewed studies operationalized the physical literacy construct, applied physical literacy elements to various health and educational contexts, provided overviews and assessments of curricula and program interventions, or delineated between definitions and understandings of physical literacy. Discussion Constructive debate continues over the meaning, purpose, and outcomes of physical literacy, allowing future research endeavors to bridge existing philosophical and pragmatic perspectives by testing new evidence-based interventions. Translation to Health Education Practice This study exposes gaps in knowledge to inform Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES) on how to successfully conceptualize physical literacy in various educational contexts. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica. org/trn-Webinars
Sleep disruption induces activation of inflammation and heightens risk for infectious disease: Role of impairments in thermoregulation and elevated ambient temperature

ABSTRACT Thermoregulation and sleep are tightly coordinated, with evidence that impairments in thermoregulation as well as increases in ambient temperature increase the risk of sleep disturbance. As a period of rest and low demand for metabolic resources, sleep functions to support host responses to prior immunological challenges. In addition by priming the innate immune response, sleep prepares the body for injury or infection which might occur the following day. However when sleep is disrupted, this phasic organization between nocturnal sleep and the immune system becomes misaligned, cellular and genomic markers of inflammation are activated, and increases of proinflammatory cytokines shift from the nighttime to the day. Moreover, when sleep disturbance is perpetuated due to thermal factors such as elevated ambient temperature, the beneficial crosstalk between sleep and immune system becomes further imbalanced. Elevations in proinflammatory cytokines have reciprocal effects and induce sleep fragmentation with decreases in sleep efficiency, decreases in deep sleep, and increases in rapid eye movement sleep, further fomenting inflammation and inflammatory disease risk. Under these conditions, sleep disturbance has additional potent effects to decrease adaptive immune response, impair vaccine responses, and increase vulnerability to infectious disease. Behavioral interventions effectively treat insomnia and reverse systemic and cellular inflammation. Further, insomnia treatment redirects the misaligned inflammatory- and adaptive immune transcriptional profiles with the potential to mitigate risk of inflammation-related cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and mental health diseases, as well as susceptibility to infectious disease.