Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Risk Factors for Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Narrative Review of the Literature

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) poses a challenging complication for many patients undergoing arthroplasty, and the literature identifies numerous risk factors. A comprehensive understanding of the primary risk and protective factors for PJI is valuable for surgeons. This article aims to compile and summarize the key risk factors for PJI documented in the literature. Some risk factors are related to the nutritional status of patients, with obesity, weight loss, hypovitaminosis, and malnutrition being frequently reported. Pathologies affecting patients also contribute to PJI risk, including septic arthritis, hepatitis, diabetes, urinary tract infections, anemia, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, and dental pathologies. Unhealthy habits, such as tobacco and drug abuse, are significant factors. Previous corticosteroid injections may also play a role in infection development. A few protective factors are also reported in the literature (use of statins, preoperative decolonization, and preadmission skin preparation). The identification of risk factors and the implementation of evidence-based preoperative protocols are essential steps in reducing the incidence of PJI.
The interplay of gut microbiota and eating disorders: exploring potential links and treatment implications

Background: Eating Disorders (EDs), including Binge Eating Disorder (BED), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), and Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders (OSFED), manifest as complex psychiatric conditions. Recent evidence suggests a pivotal role of the gut microbiota in their pathophysiology. This review explores the intricate connections between gut microbiota and EDs, focusing on BED, BN, AN, ARFID, and OSFED. Examining distinct microbial profiles, antibiotic usage implications, and therapeutic interventions such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, it provides valuable insights into potential modifications of the gut microbiome for innovative ED management. Materials and Methods: The manuscript was drafted as per the SANRA guidelines. The included literature was reviewed by the authors as per the analytical framework mentioned in detailed. Objectives: The manuscript intends to explore gut microbiota changes in Eating Disorders, identify biomarkers, evaluate interventions for therapeutic insights, and enhance understanding for innovative management. Results: The results revealed unique gut microbiota signatures in diverse Eating Disorders (BED, BN, AN, ARFID, OSFED), showcasing altered levels of specific bacteria and concentrations of ClpB. Elevated Anaerostipes, Bifidobacterium, and Roseburia, alongside reduced Akkermansia, Desulfovibrio, and Intestinimonas, characterized BED. For BN, increased Bifidobacterium and decreased Odoribacter were observed. AN exhibited elevated Methanobrevibacter smithii and reduced anaerobes. ARFID displayed a distinctive microbiota profile. Therapeutic interventions, such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, exhibited potential in ameliorating symptoms across different Eating Disorders, suggesting novel avenues for targeted interventions in ED management.
Candida auris Infection, a Rapidly Emerging Threat in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: In recent years, a global epidemiological shift in candidemia has been observed, marked by the emergence of resistant non-albicans Candida species. Candida auris, in particular, has become a significant global concern, causing infections in both pediatric and adult populations within healthcare settings. Despite its widespread impact, there is a limited understanding of the clinical course and transmission dynamics of neonatal systemic Candida auris infections, hindering effective prevention and management. This study focused on the epidemiologic data, the clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcome of C. auris infection in neonatal population. (2) Methods: A systematic review of the literature using PubMed and Scopus databases until December 2023 was conducted. (3) Results: A total of 24 relevant studies were identified, encompassing 476 documented cases of Candida auris infection in neonates. Prematurity emerged as a primary risk factor, alongside total parenteral nutrition, central line insertion, mechanical ventilation, and prior broad-spectrum antibiotic use. The mortality rate reached approximately 42%, with therapeutic details sparingly reported in 12% of cases. Treatment strategies varied, with amphotericin B predominantly used as monotherapy, while combination antifungal agents were used in 44% of cases. Notably, 97.4% of cases exhibited fluconazole resistance, and 67.1% showed resistance to amphotericin B. Limited data were available on resistance to other antifungal agents. (4) Conclusions: Despite the rarity of neonatal Candida auris infections, their global occurrence necessitates comprehensive preparedness in patient care. A deeper understanding of Candida auris pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective strategies to control and prevent neonatal infections caused by this pathogen.
Development of an Innovative Contextual Chemistry Textbook on Hydrocarbon Concepts : Enhancing Students' Mastery of Concepts

: This research aims to develop an innovative contextual chemistry textbook on hydrocarbon concepts to enhance students' mastery of the subject. This research method used research and development with the ADDIE model, which consists of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The study was specifically confined to the development stage, as its primary focus is on assessing the validity of the developed products. The validation process involved two material expert validators, one media expert validator, one practitioner validator, and ten students from Ushuluddin NW Ubung Islamic Boarding School, who served as limited test validators. Quantitative data obtained from the feasibility validation results were analyzed using a percentage formula. Qualitative data in the form of responses and suggestions for improvement from validators are used as considerations for making revisions. The results showed that the validator assessment resulted in a very satisfactory average percentage, with material expert validators reaching 83% (very feasible category), media expert validators reaching 75% (feasible category), practitioner validators reaching 91% (very feasible category), and Limited student trials reached 89% (very feasible category). Therefore, this textbook successfully met high validity standards and can be considered suitable for use in the learning process.
MODIFIED ULTRAFILTRATION IMPROVES LUNG MECHANICS IN CONGENITAL CARDIAC SURGERY - A FACT OR FUTILE: A PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL, SINGLE-CENTER STUDY

Objective: Cardiac surgeries involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can have adverse effects on patients, potentially increasing morbidity. In infants who possess lower blood volume and are exposed to the more artificial surface and larger prime volumes of the CPB, the harmful effects can be significant. Several studies have indicated that modified ultrafiltration (MUF) may yield beneficial effects in cardiac surgery by reducing inflammatory markers, improving hemodynamics, and decreasing excess body water. Our study seeks to evaluate the impact of MUF on pulmonary mechanics in infants undergoing cardiac surgeries on CPB. Methods: This prospective, observational, single-center study was conducted on 56 infants with congenital heart disease, who underwent cardiac surgery, followed by CPB, were included in this study. The primary outcomes were oxygen saturation (SPO2), hemoglobin (Hb), peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak), and plateau pressure (Pplat). The secondary outcomes were systolic and diastolic invasive blood pressures (IBPs), mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean airway pressure (Pmean), static lung compliance (C-stat), dynamic lung compliance (C-dyn), expiratory resistance (Re), and work of breathing (WOB). Results: A statistically significant increase in SPO2 (98.7 vs. 99.1), Hb (8.3 vs. 13.3), IBPsystolic (85 vs. 90), IBPdiastolic (56 vs. 61.4), and MAP (66.4 vs. 73.2) was observed in congenital cardiac surgery and CPB patients after MUF (all p<0.05). A statistically significant post-procedural decline in Ppeak (18.8 vs. 18.3), Pplat (18.4 vs. 18.1), Re (79.8 vs. 78), and WOB (1.4 vs. 1.3) was also observed (all p<0.05). However, no significant pre-procedural versus post-procedural differences were observed in Pmean, C-stat, and C-dyn (all p>0.05). Conclusion: MUF effectively improved lung mechanics, oxygen saturation, myocardial contractility, hematocrit, and hemodynamics, and minimized the blood transfusion requirement after CPB in infants with congenital heart disease. Future studies should reinvestigate these outcomes with a larger sample size for an extended follow-up duration.
The Theis solution for subdiffusive flow in rocks

The central contribution of this work is the development of a “master” solution similar to the Theis solution to evaluate well responses under subdiffusive flow. Models based on subdiffusion employ fractional constitutive laws, a redefinition of Darcy’s law. Subdiffusive models discussed here are particularly useful to address situations where the internal architecture of the geological medium, such as fluvial and fractured systems, matters and where the existence of topological, geometrical and spatial influences result in distorted flow paths and a loss in connectivity. The developed solution provides the means for addressing these ends.
A rapid sampling technique for isolating highly productive lipid-rich algae strains from environmental samples

Strain selection and isolation of lipid-rich microalgae are among the two most important steps for screening isolates with maximum biofuel productivity. In this work, we introduce a novel direct sampling technique that allows native strains to be selected for rapid growth under defined conditions followed by direct selection of product-rich species, two desirable characteristics of algae for mass culture. This sampling strategy directly selects the lipid-rich strains visualized under an inverted fluorescence microscope using an X-Y-Z micromanipulator. The enrichment step can be manipulated to select for strains with specific technological applications. Direct sampling of lipid-rich cells avoids the tedious task of screening isolates while using relatively inexpensive equipment.
Exploration of the Binding Mechanism of Cyclic Dinucleotide Analogs to Stimulating Factor Proteins and the Implications for Subsequent Analog Drug Design

Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are cyclic molecules consisting of two nucleoside monophosphates linked by two phosphodiester bonds, which act as a second messenger and bind to the interferon gene stimulating factor (STING) to activate the downstream signaling pathway and ultimately induce interferon secretion, initiating an anti-infective immune response. Cyclic dinucleotides and their analogs are lead compounds in the immunotherapy of infectious diseases and tumors, as well as immune adjuvants with promising applications. Many agonists of pathogen recognition receptors have been developed as effective adjuvants to optimize vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. In this work, the binding mechanism of human-derived interferon gene-stimulating protein and its isoforms with cyclic dinucleotides and their analogs was theoretically investigated using computer simulations and combined with experimental results in the hope of providing guidance for the subsequent synthesis of cyclic dinucleotide analogs.
The Effect of Brand Equity on Brand Loyalty to Skincare Products Mediated By Customer Satisfaction

Maintaining and increasing brand loyalty is paramount due to a decrease in product differentiation and an increase in product market uncertainty. Therefore, brand loyalty is a measure of a company's business performance that affects the market share of a product. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of brand equity and brand loyalty on mediated by customer satisfaction and to confirm the significant dimensions of brand equity. The population of this study are Scarlett skincare users who live in Jakarta and Bekasi whose numbers are unknown. Respondents of this study were 115 respondents with the criteria of Scarlett skincare users aged 17-30 who have bought and used Scralett Skincare in the last 6 months. The analysis method used is Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling. The results stated that perceived quality and perceived cost value can increase customer satisfaction, perceived quality and customer satisfaction have a positive effect on brand loyalty, however, brand identification, brand trust and lifestyle alignment have no effect on customer satisfaction. Perceived quality and perceived cost value on brand loyalty are mediated by customer satisfaction, while brand identification, brand trust and lifestyle alignment are not proven. Future research is expected to expand the range of regions and add other variables related to brand loyalty such as brand image.
A DYNAMIC VIEW OF SOME GEOMETRIC LOCI VIA GEOGEBRA

We present in this work dynamic experiences that explore interesting geometric loci,such as Miquel points, Fermat points, Nagel points, and Gergonne points. In thesedynamic approaches, accessible through external links to pages on the GeoGebra platform,readers can change parameters through sliders and observe, as the parametersvary, whether the introduced changes satisfy the hypotheses that define the geometricloci. Additionally, we utilize GeoGebra to create two-dimensional geometric figures.In addition to providing definitions, we offer proofs of the theorems that establish theuniqueness of the covered geometric loci. Some of the proofs introduced in this workinvolve the concept of isotomic cevians, which needs more coverage in the existing literature.In summary, GeoGebra is an invaluable tool for constructing dynamic approachesto explore geometric loci. It empowers students to test hypotheses both before andafter formal demonstrations. One concludes that GeoGebra is a versatile software thatcan be effectively integrated into geometry education at all levels. Keywords: Isotomic cevians, Miquel’s point, Fermat’s points, Gergonne’s point, Nagel’spoint.
Semisupervised Medical Image Segmentation through Prototype-Based Mutual Consistency Learning

Medical image segmentation is a critical task in the healthcare field. While deep learning techniques have shown promise in this area, they often require a large number of accurately labeled images. To address this issue, semisupervised learning has emerged as a potential solution by reducing the reliance on precise annotations. Among these approaches, the student-teacher framework has garnered attention, but it is limited in its reliance solely on the teacher model for information. To overcome this limitation, we propose a prototype-based mutual consistency learning (PMCL) framework. This framework utilizes two branches that learn from each other, incorporating supervision loss and consistency loss to adapt to minor data perturbations and structural differences. By employing prototype consistency learning, we are able to achieve reliable consistency loss. Our experiments on three public medical image datasets demonstrate that PMCL outperforms other state-of-the-art methods, indicating its potential in semisupervised medical image segmentation. Our framework has the potential to assist medical professionals in enhancing their diagnoses and delivering improved patient care.
Measure transfer and S-adic developments for subshifts

Based on previous work of the authors, to any S-adic development of a subshift X a ‘directive sequence’ of commutative diagrams is associated, which consists at every level $n \geq 0$ of the measure cone and the letter frequency cone of the level subshift $X_n$ associated canonically to the given S-adic development. The issuing rich picture enables one to deduce results about X with unexpected directness. For instance, we exhibit a large class of minimal subshifts with entropy zero that all have infinitely many ergodic probability measures. As a side result, we also exhibit, for any integer $d \geq 2$ , an S-adic development of a minimal, aperiodic, uniquely ergodic subshift X, where all level alphabets $\mathcal A_n$ have cardinality $d,$ while none of the $d-2$ bottom level morphisms is recognizable in its level subshift $X_n \subseteq \mathcal A_n^{\mathbb {Z}}$ .
Alteration and mineral zonation at the Mt Lyell copper–gold deposit, Tasmania

ABSTRACT The Mount Lyell copper deposits are located in the middle Cambrian Mount Read volcanic belt of western Tasmania and consist of more than 24 separate copper–gold–silver orebodies. The dominant copper mineralisation style is disseminated pyrite–chalcopyrite subvertical pipes with subordinate chalcopyrite–bornite ± other copper phases, massive pyrite and base metal sulfides. A zonation in mineralisation style within the pipes is defined from chalcopyrite–magnetite at depth to chalcopyrite–pyrite at intermediate levels, to chalcopyrite–bornite at the shallowest level. Alteration is developed broadly symmetrically around the ore zones and zoned from quartz–chlorite–phengite ± biotite at depth to quartz–muscovite at intermediate levels, and a quartz–muscovite–pyrophyllite–zunyite assemblage at the shallowest levels. This is interpreted to be a result of a fluid that evolved from hot, reduced and neutral conditions at depth to cool, oxidised and acidic conditions at the shallowest level. The chalcopyrite–bornite deposits occur at the top of the hydrothermal system and are associated with intensely silicified rock and muscovite/pyrophyllite alteration. The close relationship of these deposits with the top of the pipes suggests they are part of a single mineralising event. Where the chalcopyrite–bornite deposits are juxtaposed with the Owen Group, rather than a simple chalcopyrite–bornite mineralogy, there are numerous other copper phases, which represent higher oxidation states and collectively suggest variable and fluctuating fluid conditions during deposition. It is proposed that these deposits are formed by an interaction of the reduced hydrothermal fluid with an oxidised fluid generated at very shallow levels within and during deposition of the Owen Group. Mineralisation within the middle Owen Group sandstones and clasts of altered rock within the middle and upper Owen Group sediments marks the end of the hydrothermal system. Around the entire edge of the Mt Lyell field, there is a variation in the white mica composition from proximal muscovite to distal phengite that represents the neutralisation of the hydrothermal fluid by fluid–wall rock interaction.
Avoiding exponential explosion: generating compact verification conditions

Current verification condition (VC) generation algorithms, such as weakest preconditions, yield a VC whose size may be exponential in the size of the code fragment being checked. This paper describes a two-stage VC generation algorithm that generates compact VCs whose size is worst-case quadratic in the size of the source fragment, and is close to linear in practice.This two-stage VC generation algorithm has been implemented as part of the Extended Static Checker for Java. It has allowed us to check large and complex methods that would otherwise be impossible to check due to time and space constraints.
A Case for Cooperative and Incentive-Based Coupling of Distributed Clusters

Interest in grid computing has grown significantly over the past five years. Management of distributed cluster resources is a key issue in grid computing. Central to management of resources is the effectiveness of resource allocation, as it determines the overall utility of the system. In this paper, we propose a new grid system that consists of grid federation agents which couple together distributed cluster resources to enable a cooperative environment. The agents use a computational economy methodology, that facilitates QoS scheduling, with a cost-time scheduling heuristic based on a scalable, shared federation directory. We show by simulation, while some users that are local to popular resources can experience higher cost and/or longer delays, the overall users' QoS demands across the federation are better met. Also, the federation's average case message passing complexity is seen to be scalable, though some jobs in the system may lead to large numbers of messages before being scheduled
Fault Classification in Cylinders Using Multilayer Perceptrons, Support Vector Machines and Guassian Mixture Models

Gaussian mixture models (GMM) and support vector machines (SVM) are introduced to classify faults in a population of cylindrical shells. The proposed procedures are tested on a population of 20 cylindrical shells and their performance is compared to the procedure, which uses multi-layer perceptrons (MLP). The modal properties extracted from vibration data are used to train the GMM, SVM and MLP. It is observed that the GMM produces 98%, SVM produces 94% classification accuracy while the MLP produces 88% classification rates.
Compact Approximation of Lattice Functions with Applications to Large-Alphabet Text Search

We propose a very simple randomised data structure that stores an approximation from above of a lattice-valued function. Computing the function value requires a constant number of steps, and the error probability can be balanced with space usage, much like in Bloom filters. The structure is particularly well suited for functions that are bottom on most of their domain. We then show how to use our methods to store in a compact way the bad-character shift function for variants of the Boyer-Moore text search algorithms. As a result, we obtain practical implementations of these algorithms that can be used with large alphabets, such as Unicode collation elements, with a small setup time. The ideas described in this paper have been implemented as free software under the GNU General Public License within the MG4J project (this http URL).
Computational support for media ecosystems research

This thesis summarizes the design, implementation, and evaluation of two end-user web tools for automated content analysis of online news data. The first tool is a visualization that displays neural word embeddings data, allowing a user to explore words used in similar contexts within a text corpus. The second tool is an interface that guides users through a supervised machine learning pipeline, enabling novices to train their own binary classification models to detect the presence of a specific frame within the text of a news story. The visualization and interface were evaluated in a user study and think-aloud test respectively. These tools were developed for integration into Media Cloud, an open-source platform for media analysis, which is part of a larger effort to facilitate and advance media ecosystems research. Thesis Supervisor: Ethan Zuckerman Title: Director of the MIT Center for Civic Media