Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Operating Speed Models on Horizontal Curves for Two-Lane Highways

A variety of physical factors may influence speeds on two-lane highways. In the present study, the highway alignment of Shillong bypass is critically reviewed at several curved section to understand their speed characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to develop curve-speed prediction equations using data collected at 10 horizontal curves of the highway. It was found that the radius of curvature, sight distance and deviation angle had significant relation to the operating speed. Three equations were developed and the radius of curvature had the maximum impact on the operating speed at the circular portion of the horizontal curve, whereas the sight distance and the deviation angle had maximum impact on the operating speed at the entry of the curve. rural areas. Drivers are able to operate in the rural highways at their desired speed provided the geometry of the roadway permits. Literature reveals that more than 50% of fatal crashes in rural highways take place at curved sections (Lamm et al., 1992). When there is a sudden change in the horizontal alignment of the road, the driver needs to be cautious both in terms of speed as well as manoeuvres. If the sudden change in alignment is associated with high degree of deviation without proper designed curve, which may cause an error in his manoeuvres thereby leading to accidents. This violates the driver’s expectancy. The lack of consistency in roadway geometric design has be en identified as an apparent potential cause of increasing driver’s mental workload, which can lead to driver error (Kanellaidis, 1990). It has been found that driver error is one of the leading contributors to crashes (Alexander, 1986). Most drivers think that they are capable of choosing a safe speed. No country today allows driver to freely choose their speed wherever they drive. Speed limits have however been introduced in all country. One of the main causes of the road accident is violation of speed limit. Hence, road safety is a major concern in present situation. Design speed is used for determining the radii of horizontal curves. In practice the drivers always do not drive the vehicles always at the design speed but at some other speed which is known to be the operating speed. This leads to inconsistency between the successive sections of the roadway. Many researchers are doing studies to quantify the relationship between speed and geometry. Given the roadway characteristics of a highway alignment feature, operating speed on the feature can be predicted. Another reason may be due to too much variation between the geometrics of the highway of the Shillong Bypass. This study aims at forming a relation between the 85 th percentile speed (V 85 ) and the geometric elements of a horizontal curve of a two-lane highway on hilly terrain. The following points can be drawn from the study:
181128 Beyond Returns

While many studies have examined the financial performance of sustainable investing (SI), little is known about the social and environmental impact of SI. We address this research gap in a multi-disciplinary literature review. We begin by developing a definition of investment impact, and a framework that clarifies the relationship between an investor’s impact on a company and a company’s impact on the real world. Focusing on investor impact, the literature review brings together evidence on three mechanisms: shareholder engagement impact, capital allocation impact, and indirect impacts. We find direct evidence that investors can affect companies through shareholder engagement, especially when the costs of demanded reforms are low, investors wield influence, and companies have prior experience with engagement. We find only indirect evidence for the capital allocation impact, yet studies indicate that this impact is more likely when SI investors hold a large market share, deviate strongly from the market portfolio, and focus on assets that are hard to substitute. The capital allocation impact is also more likely when companies depend on external financing for growth, and when the cost of conforming with the expectations of SI investors is low. Indirect effects, where investors rely on intermediaries to influence companies, have little support in the literature. Our results suggest that investors can increase their impact by expanding engagement efforts, by focusing on widely shared priority issues, making sure these issues are assessed consistently, and by targeting markets where external capital is a limiting factor. JEL Classification: A13, G11, G12, Q51, Q56
SUMAROKOV AND THE UNIFIED POETRY BOOK: His Triumphal Odes and Love Elegies Through the Prism of Tradition

The goal of this article to consider the classical and European precedents for Sumarokov’s Triumphal Odes (Ody torzhestvennyia) and Love Elegies (Elegii liubovnyia) of 1774 when considered as unified poetry books, and to outline the place of these experimental collections within the larger cultural traditions that formed these genres.1 In discussing precedents we will analyze examples of poetry books which were available (and, if possible, actually known) to the Russian poet in 1774. The problem here involves not only identifying or defining a particular corpus of unified poetry books that developed over the course of European literature, but, even more importantly, understanding how they were perceived as models by the later tradition and by Sumarokov in particular. Any modern critic would probably agree that our reading of a particular poem is shaped by its position and context within a larger body of texts, although the precise nature and extent of that shaping may give rise to significant theoretical and practical disagreement (for a discussion of the problem as it relates to modern poetry, see for example: Rosenthal and Gall 1983; Fraistat 1985, 1986; Fenoaltea and Rubin 1991; see also the recent scholarship on classical poetry books cited below). Before the nineteenth century, however, there is hardly any evidence that either poets or scholars considered the “poetry book” an issue worthy of special attention.2 In Russian
Development of Functional Materials Based on Carbon/Manganite/Ferrite Composites for Microwave Absorber Materials Applications

The synthesis of carbon/manganite/ferrite composite materials for microwave absorber applications has been successfully carried out with variations in the composition of 15:55:30 and 15:45:40 (wt%). This composition was successfully confirmed based on the analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern using the GSAS program. The refinement results show that each phase of each composite has a good structure. Based on surface morphological observations, it is known that the composite samples have varying particle sizes of around 150-500 nm which are evenly distributed over the entire surface of the sample. The result of the microwave absorption analysis implies that the difference in composition results in a slight increase of the reflection loss and the presence of a new absorption peak at a frequency of 4.36 GHz. Our result underlines that the characteristic of microwave absorption in composites is insignificantly influenced by the composition of the material as the absorption properties are mainly affected by the respective phases that form it, not by the entire phase of the composite.
Location in Query / Remark : click on the Q link to go

Objective: This study aimed to provide insight into the patterns and factors that predict burn scar outcomes at 3, 6 and 12 months post-burn. Methods: The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to assess the scar formation of each patient. Structural equation modelling was used. The predictor variables used in this study were sex, three age categories, TBSA, depth of the wound and cause of the burn. Results: The POSAS patient total and individual item scores demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the first 12 months post-burn, except for the relief item. Male patients had a lower total and items scores (better scar quality) for pain and pruritus compared with female patients. Full thickness burns had a higher scores for pruritus, pliability, thickness and relief compared to the partial-thickness burns. Ages younger than 5 years, higher TBSA values and flame burns were predictors of various POSAS items at 3 and 6 months post-burn. Conclusion: The POSAS patient total and individual item scores demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the scar quality in the first 12 months post-burn, except for the relief. Sex, age, depth of the wound, the percentage of TBSA and flame burns were predictors of various POSAS patient items at 3, 6 and 12 months post-burn. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved. a r t i c l e i n f o
Voltage Regulator Influence on Generator System Stability

During initial startup of a generator system, it is not uncommon to witness generator voltage instability. Most of the time, the solution is reduced to returning the stability control on the automatic voltage regulator until the generator voltage has normalized. In this paper various factors that cause generator instability will be discussed. These include the field time constants of the generator as related to machine speed and size, and the characteristics of the voltage regulator whose stability network, for optimum performance, needs to be tuned to match the field time constants of the machine. Another important criteria is the definition of 'What is good voltage regulator stability? ' Here guidelines will be offered providing basic steps in tuning the voltage regulator with an explanation of more elaborate methods utilizing more complex hardware. In addition, computer modeling will be used to assist in demonstrating the affect of more or less stability as it affects generator performance. Lastly an examination will be made of other types of instability as affected by the excitation system.
Chapter 8 : Effects of Climate Change on Ecological Disturbance in the Northern Rockies Region

This chapter describes the ecology of important disturbance regimes in the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USFS) Northern Region and the Greater Yellowstone Area, hereafter called the Northern Rockies region, and potential shifts in these regimes as a consequence of observed and projected climate change. The term disturbance regime describes the general temporal and spatial characteristics of a disturbance agent—insect, disease, fire, weather, even human activity—and the effects of that agent on the landscape (table 8.1). More specifically, a disturbance regime is the cumulative effect of multiple disturbance events over space and time (Keane 2013). Disturbances disrupt an ecosystem, community, or population structure and change elements of the biological environment, physical environment, or both (White and Pickett 1985). The resulting shifting mosaic of diverse ecological patterns and structures in turn affects future patterns of disturbance, in a reciprocal, linked relationship that shapes the fundamental character of landscapes and ecosystems. Disturbance creates and maintains biological diversity in the form of shifting, heterogeneous mosaics of diverse communities and habitats across a landscape (McKinney and Drake 1998), and biodiversity is generally highest when disturbance is neither too rare nor too frequent on the landscape (Grime 1973). A changing climate may already be altering characteristics of disturbance agents, events, and regimes, with additional effects expected in the future (Dale et al. 2001). Climate changes can alter the timing, magnitude, frequency, and duration of disturbance events, as well as the interactions of disturbances on a landscape. Interactions among disturbance regimes, such as the co-occurrence in space and time of bark beetle (Dendroctonus spp.) outbreaks and wildfires, can result in highly visible, rapidly occurring, and persistent changes in landscape composition and structure. Understanding how altered disturbance patterns and multiple disturbance interactions might result in novel and emergent landscape behaviors is critical for addressing climate change impacts and for designing land management strategies that are appropriate for future climates (Keane et al. 2015). We summarize five disturbance types present in the Northern Rockies region that are sensitive to a changing climate. Wildfires, bark beetles, white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola), other forest diseases, and nonnative plant invasions acting individually or synergistically can transform landscape patterns and ecological functions. This chapter provides background that can help managers understand the important role of disturbances on Northern Rockies landscapes, and anticipate how, when, where, and why climate changes may alter the characteristics of disturbance regimes.
Export of Protein in Bacteriat

One of the fundamental unanswered questions in biology is how do proteins made in one subcellular compartment reach their final destination in another. This process, which we shall call export, involves both insertion of proteins into membranes and passage of hydrophilic proteins through hydrophobic membrane barriers. In eucaryotes it is an essential step in secretion of protein and biogenesis of organelles. Although bacterial cells do not contain organelles, they do have distinct compartments and some secrete proteins. Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli have soluble proteins localized to a periplasmic space that is contained between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes. Thus, proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm are exported to final destinations in both the outer membrane and the periplasm. The translocation of proteins into the periplasmic space is analogous to the initial step of secretion in higher organisms, namely, the transfer of secretory proteins through the membrane into the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Both systems involve synthesis of proteins in precursor forms that are matured by proteolytic removal of amino-terminal extensions. These extensions, usually between 15 and 30 amino acids in length (referred to as signal sequences or leader sequences), comprise a hydrophobic sequence of at least 11 amino acid residues preceded by a short stretch of residues at the amino terminus that normally includes several positive charges (for reviews, see references 14, 27, and 35, and V. A. Bankaitis, J. P. Ryan, B. A. Rasmussen, and P. J. Bassford, Jr., in P. Knauf and J. Cook, ed., Membrane Protein Biosynthesis and Turnover, in press). (This review is based on the Eli Lilly & Company Award Lecture given by L.L.R. at the 1984 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in St. Louis, Mo.)
Innovative low-glycaemic carbohydrates: an update How a smart choice can contribute to a healthier life

The key role of carbohydrates in nutrition is to de-liver energy to the body. Until recently, debates on preferred types of carbohydrates as opposed to those that should be avoided focused mainly on a simple food chemistry approach. This approach does not reflect physiology, although it is used for food labelling and analysis purposes. It is the metabolism of carbohydrates that counts when we consider the increasing burden of non-communi-cable diseases. Since carbohydrates are the largest macronutrient category, with a recommended intake of 55%–75%, their influence is significant. Digestibility, availability, speed of absorption and metabolic pathways are key. It is the quality of carbohydrates that matters and a low glycaemic diet that counts. Tasty, lower glycaemic food can be achieved in various ways. Reducing the blood glucose response of available carbohydrates by modification of the glucose supply can be achieved by processing, by influencing the gastrointestinal passage and by a smart choice of ingredients: by se-lecting low glycaemic and slow-release carbohydrates. An alternative route is the replacement of available carbohydrates by partially or non-avail-able carbohydrates, such as dietary fibre or traditional sugar replacers.
A new decade for social changes

The objective of this research is to find out the moderating effect of corporate governance on the relationship of corporate social responsibility and product market competition to company value. The control variable in this study is company size. The sample of this study was 216 observations consisting of 54 manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 until 2019. Moreover, the simple random sampling method is employed to grab them. To analyze the data, we use the multiple regression model with polling data. The findings of this research are product market competition negatively affects company value. In opposition, corporate social responsibility and corporate governance positively affect company value. Meanwhile, corporate governance only moderates the effect of product market competition on the company value. The implication of this study is that good corporate governance practices can reduce the negative effects of PMC on company value.
RECENT INSIGHTS INTO THE PHYSICS OF THE SUN AND HELIOSPHERE: HIGHLIGHTS FROM SOHO AND OTHER SPACE MISSIONS

Acoustic modes are well-suited probes to check the internal stellar structure and bring interesting constraints on turbulence regions, mixing in stellar interiors and magnetic fields. The SOHO satellite, through the helioseismic instruments GOLF, MDI and VIRGO, has significantly improved the knowledge of these modes owing to an excellent duty cycle (greater than 90%) and the capability to detect very lowamplitude modes, down to 3 tutu]». Five years of the SOHO misson guarantee an accurate view of the solar interior, weakly dependent on the turbulent surface, from the energy-generating core to the surface. The recent results allow us to verify some of the theoretical assumptions of stellar modelling. The tachocline layers, located in a narrow region at the base of the convection zone, support an hydro (or magnetohydro) dynamical instability which induces mixing and results in 7Li depletion in accordance with photospheric observations. On the contrary, central mixing is not favoured by the present observations. Nuclear reaction rates of the pp chain are now constrained by the behaviour of the sound speed and density. Doppler velocity measurements appear as an excellent technique to follow in real time the temporal evolution of the luminosity produced in the core. Some puzzling questions about dynamical effects in stellar plasmas can now start to be addressed for the first time. The theoretical neutrino emissions can be now directly deduced from our helioseismic vision of the energy-generating core. Nowadays, helioseismology provides a dynamical vision of the external half of the Sun (20% in mass), as a result of the extraction of the sound speed, density, rotation profiles and of the time evolution of velocity measurements. Below, the classical static vision of the nuclear region persists because of the poor spatial resolution offered by acoustic modes (±6% in radius, 10% in mass) and the long integration time (several years). Gravity modes will be extremely useful to improve the spatial resolution in the radiative region. The extended observations with the SOHO satellite may be extremely useful to detect some of these modes.
Soybean isoflavone exposure does not have feminizing effects on men: a critical examination of the clinical evidence

Objective: To critically evaluate the clinical evidence, and when not available, the animal data, most relevant to concerns that isoflavone exposure in the form of supplements or soy foods has feminizing effects on men. Design: Medline literature review and cross-reference of published data. Result(s): In contrast to the results of some rodent studies, findings from a recently published metaanalysis and subsequently published studies show that neither isoflavone supplements nor isoflavone-rich soy affect total or free testosterone (T) levels. Similarly, there is essentially no evidence from the nine identified clinical studies that isoflavone exposure affects circulating estrogen levels in men. Clinical evidence also indicates that isoflavones have no effect on sperm or semen parameters, although only three intervention studies were identified and none were longer than 3 months in duration. Finally, findings from animal studies suggesting that isoflavones increase the risk of erectile dysfunction are not applicable to men, because of differences in isoflavone metabolism between rodents and humans and the excessively high amount of isoflavones to which the animals were exposed. Conclusion(s): The intervention data indicate that isoflavones do not exert feminizing effects on men at intake levels equal to and even considerably higher than are typical for Asian males. (Fertil Steril 2010;93:2095–104. 2010 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)
Estimates on the tail behavior of Gaussian polynomials. The discussion of a result of Latala

In this paper a result of Latala about the tail behavior of Gaussian polynomials will be discussed. Latala proved an interesting result about this problem in paper [2]. But his proof applied an incorrect statement at a crucial point. Hence the question may arise whether the main result of paper [2] is valid. The goal of this paper is to settle this problem by presenting such a proof where the application of the erroneous statement is avoided. I discuss the proofs in detail even at the price of a longer text and try to give such an explanation that reveals the ideas behind them better than the original paper. \
Frame ambiguity in Open Gromov-Witten invariants

We consider Open Gromov-Witten invariants for noncompact Calabi-Yau in the case the Lagrangian has the topology of $\R^2 \times S^1$. The definition of the invariant involves the choice of a frame for the Lagrangian, in accord with string theory. Our result applies to the examples arising from Large $N$-duality. In particular it leads to knot and link invariants counting holomorphic curves.
Parent-child Relationship Outcomes of the Incredible Years Parents and Babies Program: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Background A warm, sensitive, and responsive relationship to a caregiver is essential for healthy child development. Objective This paper examines the effects of the Incredible Years Parents and Babies (IYPB) program on the parent-child relationship at post-intervention when offered as a universal parenting intervention to parents with newborn infants. Method We conducted a pragmatic, two-arm, parallel pilot randomized controlled trial; 112 families with newborns were randomized to IYPB intervention (76) or usual care (36). The IYPB program is a group intervention with eight two-hour sessions. In addition to parent-reported questionnaires, we collected a six-minute-long video at post-intervention from 97 families to assess the parent-child relationship, which was then coded with the Coding Interactive Behavior system. Results There were no significant intervention effects on either the total score or any of the seven subscales at post-intervention when the children were around 5.5 months old. For parental sensitivity, results were significant at the 10% level, favoring the IYPB group. When examining the lowest-functioning mothers in moderator analyses, we also found no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion In line with parent-report outcomes, we did not find any statistically significant differences between the IYPB program and usual care on parent-child relationship when offered as a universal intervention for a relatively well-functioning group of parents with infants in a setting with a high standard of usual care. However, there was a positive trend for the total score, parental sensitivity and reciprocity with effect sizes in the range of . 41-. 51. It is possible that a larger sample would have resulted in significant differences for these outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01931917 (registration date August 27, 2013)