Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A minimal model–based approach for the fast approximation of wave propagation in complex structures

Guided wave–based structural health monitoring is a promising technology to continuously monitor aircraft and to identify damage. The simulation of such structures is still a numerically challenging task due to their size and complexity. In this article, a minimal model approach is proposed to allow an approximate but very fast calculation of the wave propagation. The properties being relevant to the propagation of Lamb waves or in general guided waves are determined as part of the preprocessing. These include phase velocities as well as interaction parameters of all discontinuities. The minimal model consists of two steps to calculate a time signal at specific locations. First, a ray tracing algorithm determines suitable wave paths between two points in the reduced model of the structure. Second, wave packets of every incident ray are superimposed to synthesize a time signal. The obtained results are compared with both finite element simulations and experimental measurements.
Knowledge and Awareness of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Among the Population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that affects mostly females of childbearing age. The exact cause is still unknown, but hormonal and immunological features and genetic predisposition are considered likely etiological factors. Disease presentation is variable but is usually characterized by phases of remission and relapse. Objective This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness of SLE among the general population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Methods Data were collected using an online survey created with Google Forms that was distributed to the residents of Makkah aged 18 years and older. The survey was disseminated between November 2022 and January 2023. Results A total of 488 participants were included in the study, and the mean age of the participants was 29.1 years; the majority were female (54%). Only 18.6% of the participants knew someone with SLE, while 52.3% had heard about SLE. Additionally, 79.9% of participants had below-average awareness of SLE. Moreover, 72.1% believed that awareness of SLE should be promoted; 65.5% knew about SLE from the Internet or e-resources. Finally, only 5.5% of the participants had heard about SLE from physicians. Conclusion This study showed an insufficient level of knowledge and awareness of SLE in the general population of Makkah. We recommend conducting physical and virtual disease awareness campaigns and activities to enhance the knowledge and awareness of SLE among the general population of Makkah and other parts of Saudi Arabia.
User-Controllable Arbitrary Style Transfer via Entropy Regularization

Ensuring the overall end-user experience is a challenging task in arbitrary style transfer (AST) due to the subjective nature of style transfer quality. A good practice is to provide users many instead of one AST result. However, existing approaches require to run multiple AST models or inference a diversified AST (DAST) solution multiple times, and thus they are either slow in speed or limited in diversity. In this paper, we propose a novel solution ensuring both efficiency and diversity for generating multiple user-controllable AST results by systematically modulating AST behavior at run-time. We begin with reformulating three prominent AST methods into a unified assign-and-mix problem and discover that the entropies of their assignment matrices exhibit a large variance. We then solve the unified problem in an optimal transport framework using the Sinkhorn-Knopp algorithm with a user input ε to control the said entropy and thus modulate stylization. Empirical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed solution, with speed and stylization quality comparable to or better than existing AST and significantly more diverse than previous DAST works. Code is available at https://github.com/cplusx/eps-Assign-and-Mix.
Mineral recognition mapping using measured spectra based on classification and regression tree

Abstract. The alteration of surrounding rock is an important prospecting indicator in mineral exploration, but some important minerals are unclassified or misclassified when using hyperspectral remote sensing mineral recognition. A method for mineral recognition mapping was proposed. In this method, a decision tree discrimination rule was established based on the classification and regression tree data-mining algorithm and the absorption characteristics of field-measured spectra. Compared with spectral angle mapping and mixture-tuned matched filtering (MTMF), this method is shown to be efficient for mineral recognition mapping using hyperspectral images; its accuracy is 85.06%, which is greater than that of the MTMF method (83.91%). The advantages of the proposed method comprise the reduction of errors caused by the setting of the artificial threshold for mineral mapping and the lesser degree of difficulty in its training. Furthermore, the hierarchy structure of the decision tree in this method reflects the recognition process clearly, and the rule nodes are closely related to the spectra of the minerals; therefore, the advantage of this method is the interpretability of the results and the process. This method could be used for mineral recognition and classification using hyperspectral images.
Media representations of naturalized athletes: Sentiment variations and trends in Turkish media

Turkey has received consistent criticism from international media for having many naturalized athletes in its national squad, both in the Olympic Games and other major international sporting events. Similar criticisms have also been a feature of debates for a long time in domestic media, varying in views toward these athletes. This research focuses on media representations of naturalized athletes in Turkey between 2008 and 2020. We investigated the sentiments of news items from four major Turkish newspapers (Milliyet, Cumhuriyet, Sabah and Fanatik) on their stances toward naturalized athletes over the timespan of 2008–2020. Beside analyzing the sentiment of the media content both cumulatively and fragmentedly, we also identified the yearly trends and most featured sports in this context, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. Our findings showed that sentiments in Turkish media toward naturalized athletes are mostly neutral and negative as well as with differences varying on the basis of the newspapers and news item types. The most criticism underlined pursuing “shortcut” success with naturalized athletes representing Turkey in the international arena. Among the featured sports, basketball, football, and track and field have been the most discussed ones in the naturalization context.
Floquet theory for doubly periodic differential equations.

Our objective is to extend the well-known Floquet theory of ordinary differential equations with singly periodic coefficients, to equations with doubly-periodic coefficients. We study mainly an equation of fairly general type, analogous to Hill's equation, hut doubly-periodic. Some particular attention is devoted, however, to the special case of Lame's equation. A general theory, analogous to that for Hill's equation, is first developed, with some consideration of an algebraic form of the equation, having three regular singularities and one irregular. Next we introduce a parameter v (one of the characteristic exponents at a singularity). In the case v = O the general solution is uniform and Hermite showed that there then exists at least one doubly-multiplicative solution. The central work of this, thesis is to consider certain rational values of V, introducing some special cuts in the complex plane and showing that in certain circumstances the general solution is uniform in the cut plane. When this is so, doubly-multiplicative solutions again exist. Extension to general rational values of v depends on an interesting and apparently unproved conjecture related to the zeros of Chebyshev polynomials.
Evaluation of agreement between invasive and non-invasive blood pressure measurement using the PetMAP™ device in rabbits

Background Measurement of arterial blood pressure is recommended in anaesthetized animals to guide perioperative treatment. Invasive blood pressure measurement is considered the gold standard, however it is also technically challenging, requires specialised equipment and carries certain risks. For these reasons, non-invasive blood pressure measurement devices are commonly used and are expected to provide accurate and reliable results. This requirement is particularly true for rabbits, in whom peri-anaesthetic hypotension is commonly observed and in whom perioperative mortality remains disproportionally high. Several authors have compared different non-invasive devices with invasive measurements in rabbits and have reported contrasting results. However, to date no comparison between invasive measurements and the PetMAP™ device, that has been designed specifically for veterinary medicine, has been reported. Aim and hypothesis The aim of the study was the comparison of invasive blood pressure measurement with PetMAP™ in rabbits. We hypothesised that PetMAP™ would show acceptable agreement with the invasive measurements according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines. Materials and methods Sixteen client-owned rabbits presenting for various surgical interventions were included in the study. Invasive measurements were performed by cannulation of an auricular artery. The PetMAP™ cuff was applied distal to the elbow according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. For each measurement with PetMAP™, three invasive blood pressure values were recorded. The mean of the three invasive values was compared with one value measured with PetMAP™. Results Data collected from 16 rabbits were used for statistical analysis. In the clinical setting, the PetMAP™ device showed significant overestimation of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure, which were measured in the auricular artery. In addition, the bias was not constant, implying that the device poorly predicted changes in blood pressure. Conclusion The PetMAP™ device did not meet any of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine recommendations.
An Optical Transceiver Reliability Study based on SFP Monitoring and OS-level Metric Data

The increasing demand for cloud computing drives the expansion in scale of datacenters and their internal optical network, in a strive for increasing bandwidth, high reliability, and lower latency. Optical transceivers are essential elements of optical networks, whose reliability has not been well-studied compared to other hardware components. In this paper, we leverage high quantities of monitoring data from optical transceivers and OS-level metrics to provide statistical insights about the occurrence of optical transceiver failures. We estimate transceiver failure rates and normal operating ranges for monitored attributes, correlate early-observable patterns to known failure symptoms, and finally develop failure prediction models based on our analyses. Our results enable network administrators to deploy early-warning systems and enact predictive maintenance strategies, such as replacement or traffic re-routing, reducing the number of incidents and their associated costs.
Effect of Climate and Competition on Radial Growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Forest in Hulunbuir Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia, China

(1) Background: The forest of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica is an important semi-arid ecosystem in Hulunbuir sandy land that plays a key role in the carbon cycle and wind erosion control. It is crucial to explore the main factors affecting the radial growth of trees of P. sylvestris var. mongolica. (2) Methods: The study established the tree-ring chronology of P. sylvestris var. mongolica and analyzed the relationships among the radial growth, competition index, and climate variables using correlation analysis and a linear mixed effect model to explore the influence of competition and climate on radial growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica. (3) Results: The results indicated that tree growth is mainly affected by the maximum average temperature (Tmax) and precipitation in June and July of the current year and that tree growth significantly decreased with increasing competition pressure. Analysis of the linear mixed effect model showed that tree age, competition intensity, self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) from May to July, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) have a significant impact on radial growth. (4) Conclusions: The competition plays a dominant role in radial growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica compared to climate factors. This study helps to understand the growth mechanism of P. sylvestris var. mongolica forests under climate change and provides a scientific basis for effective management of semi-arid forests.
Nonlinear modeling of liming reaction and extractable base curves

ABSTRACT Modeling the response of soils to liming is important for understanding neutralization reactions and predicting lime residual effects. Models based on simple or quadratic polynomial equations are the most used due to their simplicity and ease of fitting; however, they fail to reproduce a realistic soil response to liming, indicating a decrease in pH as the lime dose is increased after reaching a maximum point. Thus, several nonlinear functions were tested and compared to polynomial models, using a dataset from a liming test conducted on a sandy clay loam soil in a farm. The best-fitting models for pH data were the Mitscherlich, three-parameter logistic, and Morgan-Mercer-Flodin models. The best-fitting models for exchangeable Ca+2 + Mg+2 data were Skaggs et al., Gompertz, and Morgan- Mercer-Flodin. The use of the proposed T index, which ranks models based on their residual standard error and Akaike information criterion values, combined with constraints on extrapolation values, was useful for selecting models that are statistically robust and empirically coherent.
Ultra-Close Tidal Disruption Events with Prompt Hyperaccretion

A bright flare from a galactic nucleus followed at late times by a t−5/3 decay in luminosity is often considered to be the signature of a tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole. The flare and afterglow are produced when the stream of stellar debris released by the disruption returns to the vicinity of the black hole, self-intersects, and eventually forms an accretion disk or torus. In the canonical scenario of a solar-type star disrupted by a 106 M black hole, the time between the disruption of the star and the formation of the accretion torus could be years. Presented here are fully general relativistic simulations of a new class of tidal disruption events involving ultra-close encounters of solar-type stars with intermediate mass black holes. In these encounters, a thick disk forms promptly after disruption, on timescales of hours. After a brief initial flare, the accretion rate remains steady and highly super-Eddington for a few days at ∼ 102M yr−1.
Geometry of the energy functional and the Fredholm alternative for the -Laplacian in higher dimensions.

In this paper we study Dirichlet boundary-value problems, for the pLaplacian, of the form −∆pu− λ1|u|u = f in Ω, u = 0 on ∂Ω, where Ω ⊂ R is a bounded domain with smooth boundary ∂Ω, N ≥ 1, p > 1, f ∈ C(Ω̄) and λ1 > 0 is the first eigenvalue of ∆p. We study the geometry of the energy functional
Transparent Figures: Researching and Preserving Objects of Cellulose Acetate

In 1935, the Deutsches Hygiene-Museum Dresden began to produce the so-called Transparent Figures, which became icons of the 20th century. This study aims to explore the effects of external agents such as humidity and temperature on the aging mechanism of the materials of the Transparent Figures and to slow it down through preventive measures. The focus is on cellulose acetate (CA), which was used for the outer skin of the Transparent Figures. The original objects were investigated using FTIR, Raman, and GC–MS. On some Transparent Figures, liquid leakage of additives occurs when the relative humidity rises above 50–60% RH and is accompanied by a release of acetic acid. Based on these findings, original CA used for the production of the Transparent Figures was artificially re-aged at 70 °C while varying the relative humidity. The specimens were analyzed with colorimetry and GC–MS. Additive content, degree of substitution and degree of polymerization were determined. The results showed that the degradation is slowed down at 30% RH compared to aging at 50% RH or 70% RH. Thus, lowering the relative humidity seems effective in slowing down the degradation of the CA of the Transparent Figures. A relative humidity of 30% RH and a temperature of 15 °C are recommended.
Sensitivity of the ACCESS forecast model statistical rainfall properties to resolution

The representation of the statistical properties of rainfall over Darwin is assessed in four versions of the Australian Community Climate and Earth‐System Simulator (ACCESS) forecast model against the dual‐polarization C‐band polarimetric (CPOL) radar observation for one rainy season (November 2014 to April 2015). This is an extended analysis of a companion study assessing the earlier version of the regional ACCESS‐12 km rainfall properties with the same CPOL observations. By comparing four different horizontal resolutions (40, 12, 4 and 1.5 km) of ACCESS, it is shown that increasing resolution results in improved total domain rainfall but does not change the compensation effect of underestimated intensity and overestimated frequency of occurrence. In all versions where the convective parametrization is still turned on, a strong and spurious land–sea contrast with too much rain over ocean not exporting to land is found. This problem is only solved by switching off the convective parametrization in the model (1.5 km resolution). However, in this explicit version, high rain rates are this time largely overestimated, resulting in a similar order of magnitude of the mean daily rainfall bias as when convection is parametrized, albeit with a different spatial distribution. The diurnal peak of hourly rain rates is also found to occur too early (around noon at the maximum insolation) when convection is parametrized, but is correct (around 1500 local time) when convection is explicit. More work needs to be done to assess if these errors are common to most cloud‐resolving models, and to solve these two main issues of excessive rainfall in the explicit version of the model and artificial land–sea contrast in the parametrized version of the model.
Rating global magnetosphere model simulations through statistical data‐model comparisons

The Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) was created in 2000 to allow researchers to remotely run simulations and explore the results through online tools. Since that time, over 10,000 simulations have been conducted at CCMC through their runs‐on‐request service. Many of those simulations have been event studies using global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models of the magnetosphere. All of these simulations are available to the general public to explore and utilize. Many of these simulations have had virtual satellites flown through the model to extract the simulation results at the satellite location as a function of time. This study used 662 of these magnetospheric simulations, with a total of 2503 satellite traces, to statistically compare the magnetic field simulated by models to the satellite data. Ratings for each satellite trace were created by comparing the root‐mean‐square error of the trace with all of the other traces for the given satellite and magnetic field component. The 1–5 ratings, with 5 being the best quality run, are termed “stars. ” From these star ratings, a few conclusions were made: (1) Simulations tend to have a lower rating for higher levels of activity; (2) there was a clear bias in the Bz component of the simulations at geosynchronous orbit, implying that the models were challenged in simulating the inner magnetospheric dynamics correctly; and (3) the highest performing model included a coupled ring current model, which was about 0.15 stars better on average than the same model without the ring current model coupling.
Translating Tourists’ Satisfaction Data into Economic Value of the National Forest Parks in China

ABSTRACT Conventional nonmarket valuation methods have several shortcomings and limitations. This study presents a novel method of the tourist satisfaction approach (TSA) and employs it to value the attributes of national forest parks (NFP) in China. A tourist satisfaction model was established to depict the underlying relationship of tourists’ satisfaction with park attributes, tourists’ demographic traits, and their travel costs. Data on tourist satisfaction and park attributes were collected from 30 Chinese NFPs. The results reveal that TSA can be a powerful tool for valuing NFP resources and their related management activities. The empirical results show that the quality of NFP attributes directly affects tourist satisfaction, which can lead to a significant amount of economic value. For example, on average, a visitor is willing to pay ¥323.18 ($47.86) to reduce park congestion, and ¥118.22 ($17.51) lessen the number of observable litter on the park sites.
Assessment of Achievement and Growth by Vertical Scaling: Comparison of Vertical Scaling Methods

In this study, item response theory-based vertical scaling was conducted, and the vertical scaling results obtained by using calibration methods and proficiency estimation were compared. The obtained vertical scales were evaluated according to the criteria of grade-tograde growth, grade-to-grade variability, and the separation of grade distributions. For this study, the data was simulated by R program. According to the results, the mean differences in both the methods of concurrent calibration and separate calibration methods increased compared to the levels observed in 8th grade, and that the largest value was obtained through the EAP method. The mean differences obtained through separate calibration were lower than those obtained through concurrent calibration. When standard deviation values were compared, it was observed that the largest values were obtained through EAP in both calibration methods, and that the standard deviation values obtained in both methods were generally close to each other. When effect size values were examined, in both calibration methods, the effect size values increased toward the 8th grade. The effect size values obtained through separate calibrations were lower than those obtained through concurrent calibration. The results generated by all three proficiency estimation methods were similar to
ZmCOP1 Regulates Maize Mesocotyl Length and Plant Height through the Phytohormone Pathways

The morphogenesis of crops is critical to their yield performance. COP1 (constitutively photomorphogenic1) is one of the core regulators in plant morphogenesis and has been deeply studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the function of COP1 in maize is still unclear. Here, we found that the mesocotyl lengths of zmcop1 loss-of-function mutants were shorter than those of wild-type B73 in darkness, while the mesocotyl lengths of lines with ZmCOP1 overexpression were longer than those of wild-type B104. The plant height with zmcop1 was shorter than that of B73 in both short- and long-day photoperiods. Using transcriptome RNA sequencing technology, we identified 33 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) between B73′s etiolated seedlings and those featuring zmcop1, both in darkness. The DEGs were mainly enriched in the plant phytohormone pathways. Our results provide direct evidence that ZmCOP1 functions in the elongation of etiolated seedlings in darkness and affects plant height in light. Our data can be applied in the improvement of maize plant architecture.