Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL PROFILE OF SNAKEBITE IN CHILDREN

: A retrospective study of 37 cases of snakebites admitted in the pediatrics wards, MVJ Medical College from January 2012 to December 2014 was done. A detailed history, a methodological clinical profile, established treatment and follow-up in the hospital was done for all the cases and recorded. There was definite male preponderance and all the patients were from rural background. Most of the bites occurred while playing or working away from home during evening times. Most of the patients did not receive first aid after the snakebite. This shows lack of awareness of the first aid in the management of the snakebites in rural population. Most of the patients were admitted within 2 hours of the bite. Pain and swelling were the most common clinical manifestations. Other local manifestations included cellulitis and local necrosis. The neurological manifestations that were seen are ptosis and drowsiness followed by respiratory paralysis in few cases. In present study there were no cases of hypovolemic shock, intracerebral hemorrhage or DIC. All patients with signs of envenomation were given ASV according to the grading and progression of symptoms and signs. Mild early reactions were noticed in few cases, but in none of the cases there was severe reaction. Supportive treatment like IV fluids, tetanus toxoid, antibiotic coverage and anti-inflammatory drugs were given in all patients. Fasciotomy was the most common surgical intervention required. The mean duration of hospital stay in the present study was 6 days. There was no mortality in the present study. lower extremity suggests in cases the snake unintentionally stepped upon. sex ratio seems almost uniform all over with males being affected twice or thrice as commonly as females. 7 Bites are maximal in lower limbs (about two thirds) 8 with 40 percent occurring in feet alone.
Persistent organochlorine pesticides and their metabolites in alligator livers from Lakes Apopka and Woodruff, Florida, USA

Reproductive disorders in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) inhabiting Lake Apopka, Florida, have been observed for several years. Such disorders are hypothesised to be caused by endocrine disrupting contaminants occurring in the lake due to pesticide spills and runoff from bordering agricultural lands. Various studies have resulted in identification of several persistent chlorinated organic pollutants, some of them known endocrine disrupters, in various alligator tissues and fluids. In this report, livers from 12 juvenile alligators inhabiting Lake Apopka and 10 from Lake Woodruff, a control lake, were extracted and analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with chiral GC columns for identification of both chiral and non-chiral organochlorine pesticides (OCPs, including their metabolites); in so doing, the enantiomer fractions of any chiral OCPs identified were also measured. In Lake Apopka, p,p′-DDE was the most prominent OCP identified, being found in all samples at concentrations ranging from 4 to 779 ng g−1, based on wet weight of the liver samples. Trans- and cis-nonachlor were also detected in all samples at a concentration range of 0.3 to 64 ng g−1; p,p′-DDD was also detected in all samples, but at an even lower concentration of 0.2 to 11 ng g−1. Only 5 chiral OCPs were identified; their enantiomer fractions were mostly non-racemic, indicating pre-ingestion enantioselective biotransformation or enantioselective metabolism by the alligators. p,p′-Dichlorobenzophenone (p,p′-DCBP), a known metabolite of p,p′-dicofol, was detected in all but one sample; most concentrations were <1 ng g−1. Dicofol is known to have been used and spilled near Lake Apopka, and is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. Experiments showed that the p,p′-DCBP identified in these samples occurred via thermal degradation during GC analysis of p,p′-dicofol that was present in the liver sample extracts. Only 5 OCPs, at levels much below those in Lake Apopka, were found in control Lake Woodruff.
Magnetic interaction in exchange-biased bilayers: a first-order reversal curve analysis

The distributions of coercivities and magnetic interactions in a set of polycrystalline Ni0.8Fe0. 2/FeMn bilayers have been determined using the first-order reversal curve (FORC) formalism. The thickness of the permalloy (Py) film was fixed at 10 nm (nominal), while that of the FeMn film varied within the range 0–20 nm. The FORC diagrams of each bilayer displayed two clearly distinguishable regions. The main region was generated by Py particles whose coercivities were enhanced in comparison with those in which the FeMn film was absent (sample O). The minor region was produced by Py particles with coercivities similar to or slightly higher than those of particles in the Py film of sample O. Each sample presented two distributions of interaction fields, one for each region, and both were centred slightly below the exchange-bias field, thus indicating a prevalence of magnetizing interactions. These results are consistent with a grain size distribution in the Py layer and the presence of uncompensated antiferromagnetic moments.
Thermodynamic Investigation of the Ni-Rich Side of the Ni−P System

Ni(P) is used in electronics as a protective layer during the soldering process. New thermodynamic information on Ni−P alloys has been obtained in the Ni-rich part (up to the molar fraction xP = 0.40) by using a high-temperature direct drop calorimeter. The experimental trend of ΔfH° [kJ·(mol of atoms)−1] of the Ni−P alloys versus composition (xP) has been plotted and the following standard enthalpy of formation [ΔfH° ± 2 kJ·(mol of atoms)−1] values interpolated for the Ni-rich phases: −48.0 (Ni3P), −55.0 (Ni5P2), −56.0 (Ni12P5), and −61.0 (NiP2). Our results have been compared with those reported in the literature and discussed.
Compressibility of zeolite 4A is dependent on the molecular size of the hydrostatic pressure medium

Unit‐cell parameters of synthetic zeolite 4A were determined at several pressures to 4.0 GPa in four different hydrostatic pressure media: ethanol, methanol, glycerol, and an organofluorine compound, C8F16O (FC‐75). These data, when combined with previously published results on zeolite in water and a water‐bearing 4 : 1 methanol : ethanol mixture, reveal that compression of zeolite depends on the relative sizes of the hydrostatic fluid molecules compared with the structural channels in the zeolite framework. Zeolite 4A is most compressible (ΔV/VΔP =β=0.046 GPa−1) in glycerol and FC‐75, which have molecular dimensions that are larger than the zeolite channels. Zeolite is least compressible ( β=0.007 GPa−1) in water, which has a maximum molecular dimension that is significantly smaller than the channel diameter. In methanol and ethanol alcohols, which have intermediate molecular diameters, zeolite 4A also has intermediate compressibility. This zeolite in alcohols, furthermore, progressively undergoes a seri.
Exploring the spatial relations between cereal yield and soil chemical properties and the implications for sampling

Abstract. In general, agricultural management has focused on differences between fields or on the gross differences within them. Recent developments in agricultural technology, yield mapping, Global Positioning Systems and variable rate applications, have made it possible to consider managing the considerable variation in soil and other properties within fields. This system is known as precision agriculture. More precise management of fields depends on a better understanding of the factors that affect crop input decisions. This paper examines the spatial variation in crop yield, soil nutrient status and soil pH within two agricultural fields using geostatistics. The observed properties vary considerably within each field. The relation between yield and the measured soil properties appears to be weak in general. However, the range of spatial correlation for yield, shown by the variogram, is similar to that of the soil chemical properties. In addition the latter changed little over two years. This suggests that information on the scale of variation of soil chemical properties can be derived from yield maps, which can also be used as a guide to a suitable sampling interval for soil properties.
Efficiency of Phosphogypsum and Mined Gypsum in Reclamation and Productivity of Rice–Wheat Cropping System in Sodic Soil

In this study, efficacies of mined gypsum and phosphogypsum (PG), when applied at equivalent doses, were compared for sodic soil reclamation and productivity of rice–wheat system. Application of PG, followed by karnal grass as first crop, resulted in the greatest reduction of soil pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) followed by PG applied at 10 Mg ha−1 alone. Application of PG at 10 Mg ha−1 resulted in greater yields of both rice and wheat than other treatments. Ditheylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)–extractable micronutrients of PG-treated soil were greater than in mined gypsum–treated soil. A greater portion of applied P entered the calcium (Ca)–phosphorus (P) fraction in PG-treated soil, which also resulted in more soluble P than the mined gypsum–treated soil. Phosphogypsum effected greater increase in aggregation, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, and aggregate associated carbon and decrease in zeta potential, leading to increased hydraulic conductivity and moisture retention capacity in soil over mined gypsum–treated soil.
Effect of Feed Composition on the Performance of Polymer-Zeolite Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes

Abstract An emerging membrane morphology with future potential is mixed matrix membranes composed of two interpenetrating matrices of different materials. In this study, mixed matrix membranes of an amorphous glassy polymer (polyethersulfone) and hydrophilic zeolite (4A) were prepared. An elaborate membrane preparation technique that enables incorporation of high zeolite loading into the membrane was developed. Performance of membranes was tested by using a laboratory-scale gas separation apparatus. The permeation rates of N2, CH4, Ar, O2, CO2, and H2 were evaluated through a dense homogeneous PES membrane and a PES-4A mixed matrix membrane. For the mixed matrix membrane, gas permeabilities were either not changed or significantly improved. The ideal separation factors of economically important gas pairs were substantially increased due to the faster permeation of H2 and CO2 through the mixed matrix membrane. In order to understand their interaction with each other and with membrane matrices, permeabiliti.
A Measurement of the Average Energy Required to Create an Ion Pair in Nitrogen by High-Energy Ions

At energies above approx. 10 MeV/amu, it is expected that the average energy required to create an ion pair, anti w, in gases will be independent of mass or charge state of the ion and with increasing energy will tend toward the value for electrons, which in nitrogen is 34.6 eV. Twenty-two measurements of anti w using 250 MeV/amu /sup 12/C/sup 6 +/ ions, 375 MeV/amu /sup 20/Ne/sup 10 +/ ions, and 479 MeV/amu /sup 40/Ar/sup 18 +/ ions were made and values of 36.4 +- 0.6, 35.4 +- 0.8, and 34.7 +- 0.5 eV, respectively, were obtained for nitrogen gas.
Enhancing β-carotene content in Asian noodles by adding pumpkin powder

ABSTRACT The influence of ripened pumpkin powder on the characteristics and qualities of noodles was investigated. Varying amounts of pumpkin powder levels (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10%) were added in making instant fried noodles. These four samples were then evaluated for β-carotene content, physical dough properties, color, cooking properties, and sensory characteristics. Adding more pumpkin powder increased the level of β-carotene in the noodles. Amylograph maximum viscosity and temperature and farinograph water absorption and stability decreased as the amount of pumpkin powder increased. Noodles made with more pumpkin powder had a more yellow color than those with less pumpkin powder. Cooked weight and volume were increased by 37 and 59%, respectively, when 5.0% pumpkin powder was added to the flour sample. Gumminess was lowest in the noodles with 5.0% pumpkin powder, while chewiness and hardness were lowest in the noodles with 10.0% pumpkin. Noodles with 5.0% pumpkin powder were the most favorable in appeara.
Central Hypotensive Effects of the α2a-Adrenergic Receptor Subtype

α2-Adrenergic receptors (α2ARs) present in the brainstem decrease blood pressure and are targets for clinically effective antihypertensive drugs. The existence of three α2AR subtypes, the lack of subtype-specific ligands, and the cross-reactivity of α2AR agonists with imidazoline receptors has precluded an understanding of the role of individual α2AR subtypes in the hypotensive response. Gene targeting was used to introduce a point mutation into the α2aAR subtype in the mouse genome. The hypotensive response to α2AR agonists was lost in the mutant mice, demonstrating that the α2aAR subtype plays a principal role in this response.
Sulfur Isotopic Fractionation in the Gas-Phase Oxidation of Sulfur Dioxide Initiated by Hydroxyl Radicals

The sulfur isotopic signature of atmospheric sulfate aerosol reflects not only the chemical and isotopic composition of its precursors, but also their oxidation pathways. Thus, to trace back the sources of sulfate, a quantitative assessment of sulfur isotopes fractionation in major atmospheric processes is required. In this paper, we evaluate S-isotope fractionation ratios f = (kOH+34SO2)/(kOH+32SO2) for the gas-phase oxidation of SO2 by OH-radicals, using RRKM transition-state theory. Calculations were constrained by reliable rates for the HO + 32SO2 + M = HO32SO2 + M reaction, an ab initio transition-state structure, and actual spectroscopic data for the sulfur isotopomers of the hydroxysulfonyl HOSO2 radical. By assuming plausible Lennard-Jones parameters for HOSO2 collisions with N2 as bath gas, which are consistent with the experimental values of 〈ΔEdown〉 ∼ 200 cm-1 and a collisional efficiency of βc ∼ 0.2 in air, we derive f > 1 values at the temperatures and pressures prevalent in the terrestrial a.
Limonene and Myrcene Sorption into Refillable Polyethylene Terephtalate Bottles, and Washing Effects on Removal of Sorbed Compounds

The sorption of two orange volatile compounds, myrcene and limonene, into refillable polyethylene terephtalate bottles, different types of polyethylene terephtalate strips, and polycarbonate strips, was studied. The bottles were washed with sodium hydroxide solutions and remaining aromas in the plastic were analyzed. Sorption continued during the 12 wks storage, but the major part was sorbed during the first week. Bottles stored at 25 o C absorbed considerably more myrcene and limonene than bottles stored at 4 o C. A simulated industrial washing procedure removed small amounts of the aromas but 50-80% remained in the packaging material. Polycarbonate absorbed flavors to a much larger extent than did polyethylene terephtalate
Toxicities of four arsenic species to Scenedesmus obliguus and influence of phosphate on inorganic arsenic toxicities

Acute toxicities of four arsenic species to freshwater green alga Scenedesmus obliguus in AGP culture medium are determined by counting of cells. The values of 96h‐EC50 are 78.7 μg, As/L for arsenite; 159.3 μg, As/L arsenate; 12.4 mg, As/L, monomethylarsenate; 35.7 mg, As/L dimethylarsenate. The relationship between phosphate concentration and the cell log‐phase growth rate follows Michaelis‐Menten kinetics. When phosphate concentration in the medium is raised, arsenate toxicity to the alga increases, and arsenite toxicity increases first and then decreases.
Achados de fibrobroncoscopia em pacientes com diagnóstico de neoplasia pulmonar

OBJECTIVE: To compile fiberoptic bronchoscopy findings in patients diagnosed with lung cancer and to correlate those with histopathological findings. METHODS: This was a retrospective study involving 212 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer by cytological evaluation of BAL specimens or by histopathological evaluation of endobronchial or transbronchial biopsy specimens. The data were collected at the Respiratory Endoscopy Sector of Hospital Sao Salvador, located in the city of Goiânia, Brazil, between 2005 and 2010. The endoscopic findings were classified as endoscopically visible tumor, endoscopically invisible tumor, mucosal injury, as well as being classified by the presence/type of secretion. The visible tumors were also classified according to their location in the tracheobronchial tree. RESULTS: Endobronchial mass (64%) and mucosal infiltration (35%) were the main endoscopic findings. The histological type was determined in 199 cases, the most prevalent types being squamous carcinoma, in 78 (39%), adenocarcinoma, in 42 (21%) small cell carcinoma, in 24 (12%), and large cell carcinoma, in 2 (1%). More than 45% of the visible tumors were at the upper bronchi. Squamous carcinoma (n = 78) was most commonly visualized as an endobronchial mass (in 74%), mucosal infiltration (in 36%), luminal narrowing (in 10%), or external compression (in 6%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the endobronchial mass is the most common bronchoscopic finding that is suggestive of malignancy. Proportionally, mucosal infiltration is the most common finding in small cell carcinoma. In adenocarcinoma, luminal narrowing, external compression, mucosal injury, and endobronchial secretion prevail.
Precipitated Iron Oxide Particles by Cyclic Growth

Summary Magnetic fluids show heating effects in ac-magnetic fields which may be useful for application in magnetic hyperthermia proposed as a tumour therapy. Enhancement of the specific loss power (SLP) of magnetic ac-losses would allow a reduction of the tissue load with magnetic material (iron oxide). The several types of loss processes depend strongly on the mean particle size [1] and the size distribution width [2]. To influence and improve the mean size as well as size distribution new approaches in preparation are promising where nucleation and growth of the particles can be influenced independently or where a further growing is possible on small given particles without further nucleation. First experiments on iron oxide powders by a cyclic method based on “conventional” precipitation from Fe-salt solution have shown the feasibility of cyclic growth in an aqueous system. An increasing mean particle size (in the range from about 10 to 30 nm) with increasing number of cycles (up to four) is confirmed by XRD. Magnetic parameters of the saturation hysteresis loop and magnetic hysteresis losses calculated from minor loops are shown. The coercivity increases with the particle size, whereas the hysteresis losses at small applied fields (11 kA/m) reveal lower values again if the particles are magnetically too hard.
N‐type doping effect of single‐walled carbon nanotubes with aromatic amines

We investigated the chemical doping of the single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) networks by a treatment with aromatic amines. Adsorption and intercalation of amine molecules in bundled SWCNTs leads to typical n‐type doping observed already for alkali metals. The electron donation to SWCNTs is demonstrated by the X‐ray‐induced photoelectron spectra (XPS), where the carbon C 1s peak observed at 284.4 eV for the sp2 carbon in pristine samples is shifted by up to 0.3 eV to higher binding energy upon chemical treatment. The development of a Breit‐Wigner‐Fano component on the lower energy side of the G− mode in the Raman spectrum as well as a shift of the G+ to lower frequency provide evidence for charge accumulation in the nanotube π system, and indication for the n‐type doping. The spectroscopic changes are accompanied by the modification of the electrical properties of the SWCNTs. A reduction of conductivity depends on the doping level and implies the decreasing concentration of the charge carriers in the naturally p‐doped tubes. Comparing the two selected n‐type dopants, the tetramethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine, shows more pronounced changes in the XPS and the Raman spectra than tetramethylpyrazine, indicating that the sp3 hybridization of nitrogen in the amine groups attached to phenyl ring is much more effective in interaction with the tube π system than the sp2 hybridization of nitrogen in the aromatic pyrazine ring.
Metal and ligand hyperfine couplings in transition metal complexes: The effect of spin-orbit coupling as studied by coupled perturbed Kohn-Sham theory

The derivation, implementation, and validation of a method to calculate spin–orbit coupling (SOC) contributions to the hyperfine coupling (HFC) is reported. Due to this development it is now possible to calculate the complete ligand and metal nuclei HFCs at a consistent level of theory, i.e., spin unrestricted Hartree–Fock (HF) or density functional theory (DFT). The SOC contributions to the HFC are calculated as a second-order property and are treated by a coupled-perturbed HF or Kohn–Sham treatment. The method is applied to a representative collection of first row transition metal complexes. The calculated metal HFCs are in reasonable to good agreement with the experimental data, with the main error being probably due to the Fermi contact term that is not well represented by present day DFT functionals. Similarities and differences to the closely related field of electronic g-tensor calculations are discussed.
Wettability effects of plate materials on hydrodynamics in a pulsed perforated-plate extraction column of pulser feeder type

Liquid-liquid-plate contact angles of several plate materials were measured using the preferential wetting method proposed by the authors. The work of adhesion (I SL ), which was calculated using these contact angles, was utilized to evaluate plate wettability. Experimental results indicated that different plate materials affect plate wettability. Both required pulse velocity and required hole diameter for a basic design of a perforated-plate were obtained. The plate wettability of stainless steel was observed to be different in an aqueous phase compared to an organic phase. The axial holdup distribution in a pulsed column using several perforated-plate materials and types was also measured. An empirical correlation of overall holdup was obtained as a function of the plate wettability. The nozzle effect was explained by the different proportionality-constants in the empirical correlation
Spectral Properties, Formation of Dye Molecular Aggregates, and Reactions in Rhodamine 6G/Layered Silicate Dispersions

A series of layered silicates with a systematically modified charge was prepared from montmorillonite, using the standard method of Li+ cation fixation. The effect of the charge of the prepared materials on the optical properties of the adsorbed cationic dye, Rhodamine 6G, was tested. The layer charge of the silicate substrate controlled the formation of the dye's molecular assemblies, such as H-dimers and H- and J-aggregates. The dye species (monomers, aggregates) were characterized by distinctly different optical properties. Ultraviolet/visible and fluorescence spectroscopies were used for the characterization of the studied systems. Time difference spectroscopy was applied for the investigation of the reactions, which proceeded in dispersions after mixing the dye solution with silicate. The reactions included the formation of higher order aggregates at the surfaces of the high charge densities or dye deaggregation reactions at the surfaces of medium or low charge densities. Some trends and features of .