Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Research on Flow Characteristics close to Hydrophobic Surface

— Combination of hydrodynamic and mechanical specification of the flow can reach the complex description of the liquid flow in the hydraulic system. The initial condition is the flexible wall and hydrophobic surface of the model. The simplification of the system leads to primary setup focused in one direction. It is the hydrophobic surface in our case. Here we present the study based on four various set of samples. We worked with hydrophobic surfaces, with contact angle (CA) above 90°, and with ultra – hydrophobic surfaces with CA above 120°. Increasing the contact angle leads from bubbles conglomeration to uniform air film. Using visualization methods and PIV we studied the air film layer on the hydrophobic surface and determined the velocity profiles in the water channel covered with hydrophobic surface. The existence of symmetrical air film close to hydrophobic surface has an effect on the character of the velocity profile and its boundary slip condition.
Review Article Classification and Characteristics of Pain Associated with Parkinson’s Disease

Neuropsychiatric symptoms and pain are among the most common nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The correlation between pain and PD has been recognized since its classic descriptions. Pain occurs in about 60% of PD patients, two to three times more frequent in this population than in age matched healthy individuals. It is an early and potentially disabling symptom that can precede motor symptoms by several years. The lower back and lower extremities are the most commonly affected areas. The most used classification for pain in PD defines musculoskeletal, dystonic, central, or neuropathic/radicular forms. Its different clinical characteristics, variable relationship with motor symptoms, and inconsistent response to dopaminergic drugs
Harmonic mappings and distance function

We prove the following theorem: every quasiconformal harmonic mapping between two plane domains with $C^{1,\alpha}$ ($\alpha<1$), respectively $C^{1,1}$ compact boundary is bi-Lipschitz. The distance function with respect to the boundary of the image domain is used. This in turn extends a similar result of the author in \cite{kalajan} for Jordan domains, where stronger boundary conditions for the image domain were needed.
Substrate speciﬁcity of Pasteurella multocida toxin for (cid:1) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins for

Pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of a number of epizootic and zoonotic diseases. Its major virulence factor associated with atrophic rhinitis in animals and dermonecrosis in bite wounds is P. multocida toxin (PMT). PMT stimulates signal transduction pathways downstream of heterotrimeric G proteins, leading to effects such as mitogenicity, blockade of apoptosis, or inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. On the basis of G (cid:1) i2 , it was demonstrated that the toxin deamidates an essential glutamine residue of the G (cid:1) i2 subunit, leading to constitutive activation of the G protein. Here, we studied the speciﬁcity of PMT for its G-protein targets by mass spectrometric analyses and by utilizing a monoclonal antibody, which recognizes speciﬁcally G proteins deamidated by PMT. The studies revealed deamidation of 3 of 4 families of heterotrimeric G proteins (G (cid:1) q/11 , G (cid:1) i1,2,3 , and G (cid:1) 12/13 of mouse or human origin) by PMT but not by a catalytic inactive toxin mutant. With the use of G-protein fragments and chimeras of responsive or unresponsive G proteins, the structural basis for the discrim-ination of heterotrimeric G proteins was studied. Our results elucidate substrate speciﬁcity of PMT on the molecular level and provide evidence for the underlying structural reasons of substrate discrimi-nation. —Orth, of heterotrimeric 12 , G (cid:2) s , and G (cid:2) q/11 antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. G (cid:2) i and G (cid:2) pan antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Frankfurt, Ger-many). Flag-tag (M2), and tubulin antibodies were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Deamidation-speciﬁc antibody anti-G (cid:2) q Q209E (3G3) was used as described previously (29). Binding of the appropriate horseradish peroxidase-coupled secondary antibody was detected by using enhanced chemiluminescent detection reagent and the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujiﬁlm, Düsseldorf, Germany).
Seismic fragilities of single‐column highway bridges with rocking column‐footing

Rocking isolation has been increasingly studied as a promising design concept to limit the earthquake damage of civil structures. Despite the difficulties and uncertainties of predicting the rocking response under individual earthquake excitations (due to negative rotational stiffness and complex impact energy loss), in a statistical sense, the seismic performance of rocking structures has been shown to be generally consistent with the experimental outcomes. To this end, this study assesses, in a probabilistic manner, the effectiveness of using rocking isolation as a retrofit strategy for single‐column concrete box‐girder highway bridges in California. Under earthquake excitation, the rocking bridge could experience multi‐class responses (eg, full contacted or uplifting foundation) and multi‐mode damage (eg, overturning, uplift impact, and column nonlinearity). A multi‐step machine learning framework is developed to estimate the damage probability associated with each damage scenario. The framework consists of the dimensionally consistent generalized linear model for regression of seismic demand, the logistic regression for classification of distinct response classes, and the stepwise regression for feature selection of significant ground motion and structural parameters. Fragility curves are derived to predict the response class probabilities of rocking uplift and overturning, and the conditional damage probabilities such as column vibrational damage and rocking uplift impact damage. The fragility estimates of rocking bridges are compared with those for as‐built bridges, indicating that rocking isolation is capable of reducing column damage potential. Additionally, there exists an optimal slenderness angle range that enables the studied bridges to experience much lower overturning tendencies and significantly reduced column damage probabilities at the same time.
What are the companies looking for when collaborating with education?

This paper describes a first approach to what the entities (companies) that collaborate with universities expect or demand from this collaboration. The methodology used was the semi-structured interviews and focus groups conducted with a sample of Spanish an Austrian company representative of each of the relevant categories: Ownership and size of the company, production sector, academic sector of production and if they welcomed students from a single or several programmes. The preliminary results do not show any differences in expectations between the different profiles and countries. Thus, although in any case, Corporate Social Responsibility is named as the main reason for collaboration, expectations in companies involved in external placements are related to future staff selection and others. Nevertheless, although focus groups corroborated those results, content analysis provided a new question, maybe differences come from the type of collaboration, as companies involved also in the dual system seem to be in search of learning and innovation.
Abstract. The homeobox (HOX) genes are a large family of regulator genes involved in the control of developmental processes and cell differentiation. The HOX genes encode transcription factors, and an increasing number of studies

The homeobox (HOX) genes are a large family of regulator genes involved in the control of developmental processes and cell differentiation. The HOX genes encode transcription factors, and an increasing number of studies have shown that these genes may be implicated in the growth and the progression of many types of tumours. The present study investigated the expression of the HOX and integrin genes and their relationships in gastric carcinoma. We analyzed the RNA expression of 13 HOX genes from HOXA, C and D clusters and αV, α5 and α8 integrin genes in 24 gastric cancer samples by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the HOXA2 gene and the α8 integrin gene had a lower expression in tumour samples than in normal gastric mucosas. The comparison between the HOX and integrin genes showed that HOXA2 and αV integrin expression presented the same trend in 83% of the samples. Moreover, in cancer samples that expressed the HOXD11 gene, the expression of αV integrin was lower with respect to normal mucosas. The different roles of HOX and integrin genes in gastric carcinoma remain to be fully elucidated. These findings suggest that the HOX genes may play a critical role in the genesis, maintenance and diffusion of gastric carcinoma.
Arabidopsis DXO1 possesses deNADding and exonuclease activities and its mutation affects defense‐related and photosynthetic gene expressionFA

RNA capping and decapping tightly coordinate with transcription, translation, and RNA decay to regulate gene expression. Proteins in the DXO/Rai1 family have been implicated in mRNA decapping and decay, and mammalian DXO was recently found to also function as a decapping enzyme for NAD‐capped RNAs (NAD‐RNA). The Arabidopsis genome contains a single gene encoding a DXO/Rai1 protein, AtDXO1. Here we show that AtDXO1 possesses both NAD‐RNA decapping activity and 5ʹ‐3ʹ exonuclease activity but does not hydrolyze the mG cap. The atdxo1 mutation increased the stability of NAD‐RNAs and led to pleiotropic phenotypes, including severe growth retardation, pale color, and multiple developmental defects. Transcriptome profiling analysis showed that the atdxo1 mutation resulted in upregulation of defense‐related genes but downregulation of photosynthesis‐related genes. The autoimmunity phenotype of the mutant could be suppressed by either eds1 or npr1 mutation. However, the various phenotypes associated with the atdxo1 mutant could be complemented by an enzymatically inactive AtDXO1. The atdxo1 mutation apparently enhances post‐transcriptional gene silencing by elevating levels of siRNAs. Our study indicates that AtDXO1 regulates gene expression in various biological and physiological processes through its pleiotropic molecular functions in mediating RNA processing and decay. Edited by: Zhizhong Gong, China Agricultural University, China Received Jul. 1, 2019; Accepted Aug. 23, 2019; Online on Aug. 26, 2019 FA: Free Access
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF COTTON BUD USE IN PATIENTS VISITING ENT DEPARTMENT DHQ HOSPITAL RAWALPINDI

: Background: Habitual cotton bud usage can result in cerumen impaction caused by pushing the cerumen deep into the canal, trauma to ear canal by damaging the surrounding epithelium, tympanic membrane perforation and otitis externa due to the infection with bacteria or fungi on already damaged epithelium. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to understand the perception of masses about cotton buds, their attitude towards its usage and also to investigate the factors that increase its usage. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done from August, 2019 to October, 2019. The study was carried out among patients visiting the Out-Patient Department (OPD) of ENT at District Headquarter Hospital, Rawalpindi. A descriptive analysis showing frequencies and percentages of responses was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v.23. 0 (IBM, Armonk, US). Results: Out of 250 questionnaires distributed, 196 were correctly filled giving us a response rate of 76.8%. The age ranged from 15 to 75 with a mean of 33.6(SD=13.46). The majority was being formed by males (61.5%). A majority of patients 104(54.2%) considered that use of cotton bud is beneficial for the ear while 72(37.5%) had a neutral response. Out of 192 respondents, 82(42.8%) were of the view that usage of cotton buds could be hazardous. Most of the participants 166(86.5%) used cotton buds by themselves without someone else’s advice. Using cotton buds after having a bath (42.7%), once a week (58.3%) was a common practice among respondents. Most of participants (69.8%) were using cotton buds for more than one-year. Conclusion: As is evident in the results of our study, the habit of using cotton buds is still prevalent in our community, which signifies a major lack of awareness. Thus, efforts must be made to educate the population regarding the potential harm that this seemingly inconsequential practice can cause in the long run.
Stellar populations of early-type galaxies in different environments - III. Line-strength gradients

Aims. This is the third paper of a series devoted to the study of the stellar content of early-type galaxies. The goal of the series is to set constraints on the evolutionary status of these objects. Methods. We present line-strength gradients for 22 spectral indices measured in a sample of 82 early-type galaxies in different environments, including the high-density cores of the Coma cluster, the Virgo cluster, poor groups, and isolated field galaxies. Using new evolutionary population synthesis models, we derive age and metallicity gradients, and compare the mean values with the predictions of different galaxy formation models. We explore the behaviour of individual chemical species by deriving the metallicity gradient with different indicators. Results. We find that the strength of the metallicity gradient inferred from stellar population models depends on the specific Lick index employed. In particular, metallicity gradients obtained with CN2 and C4668 combined with H beta are steeper than those measured using Ca4227 or Fe4383. The correlation of the metallicity gradients with other parameters also depends on the specific index employed. If the metallicity gradient is obtained using CN2 and Mgb, then it correlates with the central age of the galaxies. On the contrary, if Fe4383 or Ca4227 is used, the metallicity gradient correlates with the velocity dispersion gradient. Conclusions. This may suggest that several mechanisms have helped to set the age and metallicity gradients in early-type galaxies. While we do not find any correlation between the metallicity gradient and the central velocity dispersion for galaxies in low-density environments, we find a marginal correlation between the metallicity gradient and the mass for galaxies in the centre of the Coma cluster. We also find a trend for which galaxies in denser environments show a steeper metallicity gradient than galaxies in less dense environments. We interpret these results in light of the different mechanisms proposed to explain the observed changes between galaxies as a function of environment.
The Transition from Static to Dynamic Boundary Friction of a Lubricated Spreading and a Non-Spreading Adhesive Contact by Macroscopic Oscillatory Tribometry

Lubricated poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and polyamide (PA46)–steel tribosystems were investigated. They show a complex but systematic transition behavior from static to boundary friction, to dynamic friction or to mixed-lubrication. Nonstandard macroscopic oscillatory tribometry as well as gliding experiments were carried out. A previous study showed that the surface and interfacial energies of PEEK, lubricant and steel can indicate trends in the tribological behavior. In the current study, these findings are confirmed for PA46 and a wider range of lubricants. It was shown that a reversal of the order of the work of spreading of two lubricants by switching from PEEK to PA46 as polymer component in the tribological system also resulted in a reversal of the coefficient of friction (COF) at low gliding velocities for these systems. The adhesion threshold of PA46 with the non-spreading lubricants water, glycerine, a water–glycerine mixture, ethylene glycol and poly-1-decene decreased with increasing solving tendency of the lubricants in contrast to the previous results for spreading lubricants for PEEK. Furthermore, the onset of forced wetting was studied for lubricants with different surface and interfacial energies and viscosities η. In general, a 1/η dependency was observed for the velocity which marks the onset of forced wetting. This agrees with theoretical models.
Assessment of Internal Combustion Engine Exergy Based on Theoretical Cycles and Experimental Data

– This work presents an experimental energy and exergy analysis for the operation of a multi-cylinder four-stroke direct injection turbocharged and intercooled commercial diesel engine. A simplified model of an extended thermodynamic cycle over compressor-intercooler-engine and turbine was adapted, and then being calibrated with engine dynamometric bench measurements. For two representative engine operation modes - rated power and maximum torque - at full load, second law terms were assessed in function of chemical diesel fuel availability. The result was an integrated method for a reliable assessment of availability losses, which becomes a useful tool to evaluate the further improvement of process efficiency and of the energy harvesting potential.
DETECTION OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN A DAIRY FARM IN BENI-SUEF CITY,

A total of 116 quarter milk samples were collected aseptically from apparently healthy udders of 29 cows in a dairy farm in Beni-Suef city, Egypt; for detection of subclinical mastitis using California mastitis test (CMT), somatic cell count (SCC), chemical and microbiological examination. Thirteen cows (44.83%) were subclinically mastitic with 27 mastitic quarters (23.28%). The scores of CMT showed 11 quarters (40.74%) as +1 and 16 quarters (59.26%) as +2. The SCC of fore left (FL) quarter milk samples was 4.3×10 5 ±1.2×10 5 , while of fore right (FR) quarter milk samples was 3.8×10 5 ±1.1×10 5 , but for SCC of hind left (HL) quarter milk samples was 2.4×10 5 ±9.5×10 4 and SCC of hind right (HR) quarter milk samples was 2.2×10 5 ±7.9×10 4 . The isolated micro-organisms from the examined milk samples were Staphylococcus aureus , Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS), Streptococcus spp , E.coli and Aspergillus fumigatus . The present study assured that the indirect tests of subclinical mastitis are more suitable for selecting cows with intramammary infections for subsequent bacteriological sampling.
Auditory Perceptual Organization Synonyms

Introduction Traveling pressure waves (ie. sounds) are produced by the movements or actions of objects. So sounds primarily convey information about what is happening in the environment. In addition, some information about the structure of the environment and the surface features of objects can be extracted by determining how the original (self-generated or exogenous) sounds are filtered or distorted by the environment (e.g. the notion of “acoustic daylight,” (Fay 2009)). In this article we consider how the auditory systems processes sound signals to extract information about the environment and the objects within it.
Factor 4 and Is Involved in Cell ActivationPlatelet Human Neutrophils Specifically Binds A Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan on

Platelet factor 4 (PF-4), a member of the a -chemokine subfamily of cytokines, activates human neutrophils independently of intracellular free calcium mobilization or binding to IL-8R. In the present study, we have identiﬁed and partially characterized a receptor for PF-4 on human neutrophils, which displays weak cross-reactivity with the IFN- g -inducible protein 10, but not with other a -chemokines such as IL-8, neutrophil-activating peptide 2, or melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (GRO a ). Binding studies revealed that human neutrophils express a high number of receptors ( B max ; 7.6 3 10 6 sites/cell) of moderate afﬁnity ( K d ’ 650 nM). The kinetics of PF-4-binding correlates with the proportion of PF-4 tetramers in solution and with the activation of neutrophils for exocytosis. Reduction of PF-4 binding and PF-4-induced exocytosis in the presence of various glycosaminoglycans or following treatment of cells with chondroitinase ABC (but not other glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes) altogether dem-onstrates that the PF-4 receptor is a proteoglycan of the chondroitin sulfate class. Cross-linking experiments with radiolabeled PF-4 revealed a receptor-ligand complex of ; 250 kDa. Taken together, our data show that a distinct chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan represents speciﬁc receptors for tetrameric PF-4 on human neutrophils. The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 161: 4347– 4355.
Fibrosis Repetitive intradermal bleomycin injections evoke T-helper cell 2 cytokine-driven pulmonary ﬁbrosis

Repetitive intradermal bleomycin injections evoke T-helper cell 2 cytokine-driven pulmonary ﬁbrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 313: L796–L806, 2017. and IL-13 are major T-helper cell (Th) 2 cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of several lung diseases, including pulmonary ﬁbrosis. In this study, using a novel repetitive intradermal bleomycin model in which mice develop exten-sive lung ﬁbrosis and a progressive decline in lung function compared with saline-treated control mice, we investigated proﬁbrotic functions of Th2 cytokines. To determine the role of IL-13 signaling in the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary ﬁbrosis, wild-type, IL-13, and IL-4R (cid:2) -deﬁcient mice were treated with bleomycin, and lungs were assessed for changes in lung function and pulmonary ﬁbrosis. Histological staining and lung function measurements demonstrated that collagen deposition and lung function decline were attenuated in mice deﬁcient in either IL-13 or IL-4R (cid:2) -driven signaling compared with wild-type mice treated with bleomycin. Further-more, our results demonstrated that IL-13 and IL-4R (cid:2) -driven signaling are involved in excessive migration of macrophages and ﬁbroblasts. Notably, our ﬁndings demonstrated that IL-13-driven migration involves increased phospho-focal adhesion kinase signaling and F-actin polymerization. Importantly, in vivo ﬁndings demonstrated that IL-13 augments matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP9 activity that has also been shown to increase migration and invasiveness of ﬁbroblasts in the lungs during bleomycin-induced pulmonary ﬁbrosis. Together, our ﬁndings demonstrate a pathogenic role for Th2-cytokine signaling that includes excessive migration and protease activity involved in severe ﬁbrotic lung disease.