Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sucrose alleviates capsaicin-induced tongue burning: An in vivo study

Background Spicy foods are flavorful and stimulate salivation, which is beneficial for individuals with poor appetite. They are also ubiquitous in many regional cuisines, but the chemical compounds in such foods, especially capsaicin from chili peppers, can cause tissue inflammation and generate intolerable burning pain in the oral cavity. Material and Methods To identify a potential method to reduce capsaicin-induced burning pain without influencing food flavor, we tested the effects of mouth rinsing with various concentrations of sucrose. Inclusion criteria were good general and oral health, while exclusion criteria were poor baseline smell or taste, capsaicin allergy, and current orofacial pain complaints. To define an appropriate capsaicin dose, participants placed filter paper strips impregnated with 0.003%–0.3% capsaicin on the tip of the tongue and rated burning sensation by visual analog scale (VAS) score. Results A 0.1% capsaicin solution induced tongue burning in the midrange (VAS = 6.33 ± 0.52) and so was used for subsequent tests. We then examined the efficacy concentration of sucrose for reducing tongue burning by recording VAS scores at multiple time points following a 15-s oral rinse with various aqueous sucrose solutions (5%, 10%, and 20%), milk, or pure water (control) after 0.1% capsaicin application. Scores were compared at each time point by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett’s tests. A 15-s rinse with 20% sucrose significantly alleviated burning pain compared to water rinse at 45, 60, 120, and 180 s after capsaicin exposure. Conclusions Thus, periodic rinsing with 20% aqueous sucrose may help promote spicy food consumption among individuals with poor appetite. Key words:Capsaicin, sucrose, burning sensation.
Clinical Trial for Evaluating the Effectiveness and Safety of a New Dental Plaque Removal Device: Microscale Mist Unit

This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a microscale mist unit (MSM-UNIT) that sprays high-speed fine water droplets to remove dental plaque adhering to the oral mucosa (tongue and palate) and tooth surface. Fifteen patients who had difficulty self-managing sufficient oral care were included in this study. Effectiveness was evaluated for at least five patients’ tongues, palate mucosas, and tooth surfaces, and safety evaluation was conducted at all three sites for all patients. Effectiveness was evaluated using the rate of degree of dental plaque removal. Safety was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain and symptoms of inflammation. An operator who performed treatment and an evaluator who evaluated effectiveness and safety were designated. In addition, an image judgment committee judged effectiveness. Although evaluation of the tongue varied between the evaluators and the image judgment committee, the rates of degree for all plaque removal increased in all regions. In addition, low pain NRS results and minimal symptoms of inflammation were observed and within an acceptable range. The MSM-UNIT can be used effectively and safely for removing oral plaque not only from teeth, but also from the oral mucosa.
Biomechanical Analysis of the Use of Stems in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty

Adequate fixation is fundamental in revision total knee arthroplasty; consequently, surgeons must determine the correct set-up for each patient, choosing from numerous stem solutions. Several designs are currently available on the market, but there are no evidence-based quantitative biomechanical guideline yet. Therefore, several stems were designed and analyzed using a previously-validated finite-element model. The following parameters were studied: stem design characteristics (length and shape), added features (straight/bowed stem), fixation technique, and effect of slots/flutes. Bone stress and Risk of Fracture (RF) were analyzed in different regions of interest during a squat (up to 120°). For the femoral stem, the results indicated that all parameters influenced the bone stress distribution. The maximum von Mises stress and RF were always located near the tip of the stem. The long stems generated stress-shielding in the distal bone. Regarding the tibial stem, cemented stems showed lower micromotions at the bone-tibial tray interface and at the stem tip compared to press-fit stems, reducing the risk of implant loosening. The results demonstrated that anatomical shapes and slots reduce bone stress and risk of fracture, whereas flutes have the opposite effect; no relevant differences were found in this regard when alternating cemented and press-fit stem configurations. Cemented tibial stems reduce antero-posterior micromotions, preventing implant loosening.
What drives students’ successful reuse of online learning in higher education? A case of Google Classroom

This study aims at proposing an integrated model based on the technology acceptance model, the information system success model, cognitive load theory, and personal characteristics to predict students' continued intention to reuse Google Classroom in the context of a developing country. To achieve this, we conducted quantitative research, empirically identifying the factors that could affect the continued intention of higher education students to reuse Google Classroom. Overall, 233 higher education students voluntarily participated in this research. Structural equation modelling was adopted as the method of analysis. The results showed that cognitive load significantly influenced perceived ease of use, whereas it had no impact on perceived usefulness or satisfaction. Furthermore, all personal characteristics significantly affected perceived ease of use. The outcomes likewise revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and satisfaction had a significant and positive effect on students’ continued intention to reuse Google Classroom. However, to enhance the generalisability of the findings, further research with a larger research sample is required. In addition, the predictability power of the proposed model could be improved by considering the role of other factors, such as engagement and learning effectiveness. Implications for practice or policy: To ensure successful reuse of learning management systems (LMSs), course leaders should pay attention to students' perceptions. LMS developers should place greater emphasis on students’ individual differences, to maximise the effectiveness of LMS implementation. Instructors should ensure that the learning material does not require a high cognitive load, as this could produce learning fatigue. Educational institutions should consider students' satisfaction with particular learning technology, as this would affect students’ willingness to reuse it.
Comparison of Maximum Heat Generation during Implant Site Preparation between Single and Gradual Drilling Protocols in Artificial D1 Bone Blocks: An In Vitro Study

Aim Two protocols for implant site preparation have been demonstrated in the literature: conventional gradual drilling and single drilling. Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the maximum temperature changes reached during and after implant site preparation of 4.2 implant diameter using the gradual drilling protocol and single drilling protocol. Material and Methods. The artificial bone block samples (#1522–23; Sawbones, Malmö, Sweden) with the density of d1 were divided into two groups. Twelve implant site preparations were performed with the use of only one drill in group A, and the same number of preparations was performed using five gradual drills in group B. The drilling speed was set for each group at 1500 rpm with the use of external irrigation with a constant of 50 ml/min at room temperature (25 ± 1°C). The maximum temperature changes were measured using an infrared camera (Fluke Ti55, USA). The data were gathered and analyzed using Student's t-test for independent samples. Results With the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the means of ∆T between groups A and B, group B showed a statistically significant higher temperature change (∆T) than group A. Conclusions The current outcomes propose that the single drilling protocol, while preparing a bed for a 4.25 mm dental implant in d1 artificial bone blocks, generates less heat than the conventional gradual drilling protocol.
Ferulic Acid Prevents Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Promoting Fatty Acid Oxidation and Energy Expenditure in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

There is a consensus that ferulic acid (FA), the most prominent phenolic acid in whole grains, displays a protective effect in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), though its underlying mechanism not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of FA on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in mice and its potential mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were divided into the control diet (CON) group, the HFD group, and the treatment (HFD+FA) group, fed with an HFD and FA (100 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 12 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Oil Red O staining were used to evaluate liver tissue pathological changes and lipid accumulation respectively. It was demonstrated that FA supplementation prevented HFD-induced NAFLD, which was evidenced by the decreased accumulation of lipid and hepatic steatosis in the HFD+FA group. Specifically, FA supplementation decreased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG) content by 33.5% (p < 0.01). Metabolic cage studies reveal that FA-treated mice have elevated energy expenditure by 11.5% during dark phases. Mechanistically, FA treatment increases the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and ketone body biosynthesis CPT1A, ACOX1 and HMGCS2, which are the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα) targets in liver. In conclusion, FA could effectively prevent HFD-induced NAFLD possibly by activating PPARα to increase energy expenditure and decrease the accumulation of triacylglycerol in the liver.
Anguillid Eels as a Model Species for Understanding Endocrinological Influences on the Onset of Spawning Migration of Fishes

Simple Summary Endocrine regulation has been thought to play a major role in the onset of migration. Anguillid eels provide a good model for studying the onset mechanisms of migrations to breeding areas, because the process of the onset of migration occurs in inland waters. In this review, we summarize information about the silvering process in anguillid eels and the dynamics of mRNA expression of neurohormones and pituitary hormones, thyroid hormones, and sex steroids associated with the onset of the spawning migration. We also provide new results. Because 11-KT drastically increases during silvering, the role of 11-KT in the onset of spawning migration was discussed in detail. Abstract Anguillid eels are the iconic example of catadromous fishes, because of their long-distance offshore spawning migrations. They are also a good model for research on the onset mechanisms of migrations to breeding areas, because the migrations begin in inland waters. When eels transform from yellow eels to silver eels, it is called silvering. Silver eels show various synchronous external and internal changes during silvering, that include coloration changes, eye-size increases, and gonadal development, which appear to be pre-adaptations to the oceanic environment and for reproductive maturation. A strong gonadotropic axis activation occurs during silvering, whereas somatotropic and thyrotropic axes are not activated. Among various hormones, 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) drastically increases during spawning migration onset. Gradual water temperature decreases simulating the autumn migratory season, inducing 11-KT increases. Administration of 11-KT appeared to cause changes related to silvering, such as early-stage oocyte growth and eye enlargement. Moreover, 11-KT may be an endogenous factor that elevates the migratory drive needed for the spawning migration onset. These findings suggested that water temperature decreases cause 11-KT to increase in autumn and this induces silvering and increases migratory drive. In addition, we newly report that 11-KT is associated with a corticotropin-releasing hormone that influences migratory behavior of salmonids. This evidence that 11-KT might be among the most important factors in the spawning migration onset of anguillid eels can help provide useful knowledge for understanding endocrinological mechanisms of the initiation of spawning migrations.
Implementation of Active, Creative, Effective Learning, And Fun In Improving Results of Learning Mathematics Three-Dimensional Concepts

This research is backgrounded because of the lack of mathematics teachers in applying learning methods that are in accordance with the characteristics of students and the material to be taught so that it affects learning outcomes in the classroom. The purpose of this study is for the implementation of Active, Creative, Effective, and Fun Learning in improving student learning outcomes in class X SMAS PGRI Bolo. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research which consists of four stages, namely action planning, action implementation, obervation and reflection with a total of 25 subjects. The data collection technique is by conducting tests and observations. Observation is carried out by an observer to observe the learning activities of teachers and students and the test is used to find out the learning outcomes of students after participating in learning activities. After analyzing the data on learning outcomes, it was obtained that the average score of students increased, namely in the initial test obtained an average score of 51.52 with a percentage of completion of 28.00%, increased in cycle I to 68.24 with a percentage of completion of 60.00% and increased significantly in cycle II to 80.16 with a percentage of completion of 92.00%
Molecular Analysis of Interleukin-10 Gene for -1082 G/A Polymorphism in Breast Cancer Patients

Muhammad Aijaz1, Nasir Mahmood2, Ghulam Mujtaba3 and Imran Riaz Malik1* 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan 2Department of Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan 3Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Lahore, Pakistan Article Information Received 28 February 2022 Revised 25 March 2022 Accepted 17 April 2022 Available online 17 June 2022 (early access)
Intermittent Fasting: Potential Utility in the Treatment of Chronic Pain across the Clinical Spectrum

Dietary behavior can have a consequential and wide-ranging influence on human health. Intermittent fasting, which involves intermittent restriction in energy intake, has been shown to have beneficial cellular, physiological, and system-wide effects in animal and human studies. Despite the potential utility in preventing, slowing, and reversing disease processes, the clinical application of intermittent fasting remains limited. The health benefits associated with the simple implementation of a 12 to 16 h fast suggest a promising role in the treatment of chronic pain. A literature review was completed to characterize the physiologic benefits of intermittent fasting and to relate the evidence to the mechanisms underlying chronic pain. Research on different fasting regimens is outlined and an overview of research demonstrating the benefits of intermittent fasting across diverse health conditions is provided. Data on the physiologic effects of intermittent fasting are summarized. The physiology of different pain states is reviewed and the possible implications for intermittent fasting in the treatment of chronic pain through non-invasive management, prehabilitation, and rehabilitation following injury and invasive procedures are presented. Evidence indicates the potential utility of intermittent fasting in the comprehensive management of chronic pain and warrants further investigation.
Recent Progress on Nanocrystalline Metallic Materials for Biomedical Applications

Nanocrystalline (NC) metallic materials have better mechanical properties, corrosion behavior and biocompatibility compared with their coarse-grained (CG) counterparts. Recently, nanocrystalline metallic materials are receiving increasing attention for biomedical applications. In this review, we have summarized the mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, biocompatibility, and clinical applications of different types of NC metallic materials. Nanocrystalline materials, such as Ti and Ti alloys, shape memory alloys (SMAs), stainless steels (SS), and biodegradable Fe and Mg alloys prepared by high-pressure torsion, equiangular extrusion techniques, etc., have better mechanical properties, superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility properties due to their special nanostructures. Moreover, future research directions of NC metallic materials are elaborated. This review can provide guidance and reference for future research on nanocrystalline metallic materials for biomedical applications.
Psychological Factors Associated With Sexual Dysfunction in Men on Methadone Maintenance Treatment

Background: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is an evidence-based effective treatment for drug addiction. Psychological problems are common among drug users. However, a few studies have investigated the role of psychological factors, including depression, anxiety, and childhood trauma, on sexual dysfunction in MMT patients. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and the role of psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, and childhood trauma, on the sexual function of patients on MMT. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 MMT patients were selected by convenience sampling among patients referring to Baharan Psychiatric Hospital, Zahedan, Iran. All participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15). Statistical analysis was done with Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise linear regression models determined the predictors of sexual function. Results: Seventeen percent of participants reported various degrees of sexual dysfunction. Child sexual abuse and depression were significant predictors of sexual dysfunction. The regression analysis showed that 12% of the variance of sexual dysfunction (R2 = 0.12; F = 6.61; P < 0.002) was predicted by an experience of childhood sexual abuse and depression. Conclusions: People on MMT suffer from psychological problems as the risk factors for sexual dysfunction. Thus, mental health care staff should consider psychological factors to prevent and treat sexual dysfunction.
Aggregated Boolean Query Processing for Document Retrieval in Edge Computing

Search engines use significant hardware and energy resources to process billions of user queries per day, where Boolean query processing for document retrieval is an essential ingredient. Considering the huge number of users and large scale of the network, traditional query processing mechanisms may not be applicable since they mostly depend on a centralized retrieval method. To remedy this issue, this paper proposes a processing technique for aggregated Boolean queries in the context of edge computing, where each sub-region of the network corresponds to an edge network regulated by an edge server, and the Boolean queries are evaluated in a distributed fashion on the edge servers. This decentralized query processing technique has demonstrated its efficiency and applicability for the document retrieval problem. Experimental results on two real-world datasets show that this technique achieves high query performance and outperforms the traditional centralized methods by 2–3 times.
Comparative Causality Analysis for Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Hungary and Indonesia

This study compares Corporate Governance (CG) between Hungary and Indonesia and analyzes the causality between CG and financial performance in both countries. CG proxy is the ownership structure. In the monitoring function, CG will improve the company's performance. The company's performance, on the other hand, can affect the ownership structure as one of the markets for corporate control in the CG mechanism. The causality test will inform whether the monitoring or market for corporate control is implemented as a CG mechanism. This study uses the Granger causality test to analyze the bi-causality between CG and financial performance. The sample consists of companies listed on the Budapest Stock Exchange (BSX) and the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The results showed that only two pairs of bi-causality relationships (out of six pairs) occurred in the BSE sample companies, and there were three pairs of bi-causality relationships (out of nine pairs) in the IDX sample companies. This research contributes to the relationship between ownership and firm performance based on agency problems from the perspective of the monitoring function and the market for firm control.
Systems Approach to Biomarker Research in Cardiovascular Disease Initiative Protein Biomarkers of New-Onset Cardiovascular Disease : Prospective Study From the Print

Paul Courchesne, Pieter Muntendam, Neal Gordon, Aram Adourian, Peter Juhasz, Martin G. Xiaoyan Yin, Subha Subramanian, Shih-Jen Hwang, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Caroline S. Fox, Systems Approach to Biomarker Research in Cardiovascular Disease Initiative Protein Biomarkers of New-Onset Cardiovascular Disease: Prospective Study From the Print ISSN: 1079-5642. Online ISSN: 1524-4636 Copyright © 2014 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.113. 302918 2014; 2014;34:939-945; originally published online February 13, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. http://atvb.ahajournals. org/content/34/4/939 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the http://atvb.ahajournals. org/content/suppl/2014/02/13/ATVBAHA.113. 302918.DC1. html Data Supplement (unedited) at: