Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Positions and Angulations of Titanium Dental Implants in Biomechanical Performances in the All-on-Four Treatment: 3D Numerical and Strain Gauge Methods

In finite element (FE) simulations, the peak bone stresses were higher when loading with a cantilever extension (CE) than when loading without a CE by 33–49% in the cortical bone. In the in vitro experiments, the highest values of principal strain were all within the range of the minimum principal strain, and those peak bone strains were 40–58% greater when loading with a CE than when loading without a CE (p < 0.001). This study investigated how varying the implanted position and angulation of anterior implants in the All-on-Four treatment influenced the biomechanical environment in the alveolar bone around the dental implants. Ten numerical simulations of FE models and three in vitro samples of All-on-Four treatment of dental implants were created to investigate the effects of altering the implanted position and angulation type of anterior implants. A single load of 100 N was applied in the molar region in the presence or absence of a CE of the denture. The 3D FE simulations analyzed the von-Mises stresses in the surrounding cortical bone and trabecular bone. For the in vitro tests, the principal bone strains were recorded by rosette strain gauges and statistically evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Loading in the presence of a CE of the denture induced the highest bone stress and strain, which were 53–97% greater in the FE simulation and 68–140% in the in vitro experiments (p < 0.008) than when loading without a CE. The bone stresses in the FE models of various implanted positions and angulation types of anterior implants were similar to those in the model of a typical All-on-Four treatment. In vitro tests revealed that the bone strains were significantly higher in the samples with various angulation types of anterior implants (p < 0.008). In the All-on-Four treatment of dental implants, the bone stress and strain were higher when the load was applied to the CE of dentures. Altering the position or angulation of the anterior dental implant in the All-on-Four treatment has no benefit in relieving the stress and strain of the bone around the dental implant.
Extracting supply chain maps from news articles using deep neural networks

Supply chains are increasingly global, complex and multi-tiered. Consequently, companies often struggle to maintain complete visibility of their supply network. This poses a problem as visibility of the network structure is required for tasks like effectively managing supply chain risk. In this paper, we discuss automated supply chain mapping as a means of maintaining structural visibility of a company's supply chain, and we use Deep Learning to automatically extract buyer–supplier relations from natural language text. Early results show that supply chain mapping solutions using Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning could enable companies to (a) automatically generate rudimentary supply chain maps, (b) verify existing supply chain maps, or (c) augment existing maps with additional supplier information.
Ohmic heating characteristics and degradation kinetics of anthocyanin in mulberry juice

Ohmic heating is considered as a novel technology for pasteurization. Ohmic heating rate is highly influenced by the electrical conductivity of the products. The heating rate and the stability of anthocyanin during ohmic heating need to be investigated in order to analyze the viability of ohmic heating for pasteurization of mulberry juice. Mulberry juice was heated using three different temperatures (80, 85 and 90°C) during 90 minutes. Electrical conductivity of mulberry juice increased from 0.014 Sm−1 at the initial of heating (32°C) to 0.033 Sm−1 at 90°C and the average heating rate was 0.568°C/s. The heating rate and electrical conductivity increased linearly with the increased in temperature. Degradation kinetic of anthocyanin followed the first order kinetic models with R2 > 0.9. The k-value of anthocyanin degradation increases along with the increasing of temperature ranging from 8 – 15 × 10–3/min. Anthocyanin shows relatively high temperature dependence with 135.83 kJ/mol energy activation value. Based on the heating rates obtained from this study, ohmic heating could be used as an alternative pasteurization method for mulberry juice.
Caries status and salivary characteristics of South Indian school children with molar incisor hypomineralization: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a common developmental condition resulting in enamel defects in first permanent molars and permanent incisors. Aims: This study aims to determine the prevalence of MIH in school children aged 8–12 years in Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, South India. The caries status and the salivary characteristics of children with and without MIH were compared. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 4495 children were screened. Children with hypomineralized permanent molars and incisors were diagnosed using the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria. The caries severity was assessed using the International Caries Detection Assessment System II scoring criteria. The saliva and plaque samples of 50 children with MIH and 50 children with molar hypomineralization (MH) children were collected in a sterile container. Similarly, saliva and plaque sample of the 100 children with no caries and no MIH (control group) were collected and compared with the MIH/MH children. Salivary pH, buffering capacity, and plaque pH were estimated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software version 17.0. Pearson and Student's t-test were used to compare the data. P =0.05 or less was considered to be of statistical significance. Results: The prevalence of MIH/MH was 5.25% (n = 236) in Tiruchengode district. Among the children, 3.33% (n = 150) boys and 1.91% (n = 86) girls had MIH/MH. The prevalence of dental caries in children with MIH/MH was 52.1% (n = 123 children). Conclusion: MIH is an important clinical problem that often concerns both the general dentists and pediatric dentists. Creating awareness about this condition, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment among the dentists, and population is obligatory, especially in countries like India.
Association between body size and selected hematological parameters in men and women aged 45 and above from a hospitalized population of older adults: an insight from the Polish Longitudinal Study of Aging (1960–2000)

Abstract In elderly people, anemia occurs with increasing frequency with each advancing decade and can be a harbinger of very serious health conditions, including gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and cancer. Therefore, age-dependant changes in hematological parameters deserve special attention. Nonetheless, very few longitudinal studies of aging have focused on possible associations between basic anthropometric characteristics and hematological parameters in older people. Here, we present some evidence that body size can be associated with red blood cell count as well as some other selected hematological parameters in adults aged 45 to 70 years. Longitudinal data on anthropometric and hematological parameters have been obtained from physically healthy residents at the Regional Psychiatric Hospital for People with Mental Disorders in Cibórz, Lubuskie Province, Poland (142 individuals, including 68 men and 74 women). The residents who took psychoactive drugs were excluded from the study. To evaluate the studied relationships, three anthropometric traits were used and three dichotomous divisions of the study sample were made. The medians of body height, body weight, and body mass index at the age of 45 years were used to divide the sample into: shorter and taller, lighter and heavier, and slimmer and stouter individuals, respectively. Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and regression analysis were employed. The results of the present study suggest that the relationship between body size and red blood cell count is slightly more pronounced in men and its strength depends on age. However, the correlations between body size and red blood cell count proved to be weak in both sexes. With aging, the strength of the relation decreased gradually, which might have been caused by the aging-associated changes in the hematopoietic system, anemia, or was an artifact. Further studies are needed to elucidate the unclear association between body size and hematological parameters in older adults.
On the Age of Information in a CSMA Environment

In this paper, we investigate a network where $N$ links contend for the channel using the well-known carrier sense multiple access scheme. By leveraging the notion of stochastic hybrid systems, we find: 1) a closed-form expression of the average age when links generate packets at will 2) an upperbound of the average age when packets arrive stochastically to each link. This upperbound is shown to be generally tight, and to be equal to the average age in certain scenarios. Armed with these expressions, we formulate the problem of minimizing the average age by calibrating the back-off time of each link. Interestingly, we show that the minimum average age is achieved for the same back-off time in both the sampling and stochastic arrivals scenarios. Then, by analyzing its structure, we convert the formulated optimization problem to an equivalent convex problem that we find its optimal solution. Insights on the interaction between links and numerical implementations of the optimized Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) scheme in an IEEE 802.11 environment are presented. Next, to further improve the performance of the optimized CSMA scheme, we propose a modification to it by giving each link the freedom to transition to SLEEP mode. The proposed approach provides a way to reduce the burden on the channel when possible. This leads, as will be shown in the paper, to an improvement in the performance of the network. Simulations results are then laid out to highlight the performance gain offered by our approach in comparison to the optimized standard CSMA scheme.
Spatial Distribution of Determinants of Malnutrition of Children under Five Years in Rwanda: SimultaneousMeasurement of Three Anthropometric Indices

Abstract The main objective of this paper was to identify the risk factors of malnutrition among children under five years in Rwanda and produce the maps of prevalence of joint distribution of stunting, underweight and wasting. Each of these anthropometric indicators is categorized as malnourished (z-score <-2.0) and nourished (zscore >-20). The spatial multivariate generalized linear mixed model is used to simultaneously identify the spatial distribution of risk factors of malnutrition of the children under five years. The 2010 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey data was used in the analysis. The paper revealed that the age of child, birth order, gender of child, birth weight, fever, mother’s education level, mother’s age at the birth, body mass index, mother’s knowledge on nutrition, anemia, province, source of drinking water, multiple birth, and wealth index have significant effects on malnutrition status of the children under five years of age in Rwanda.
Adenogasteria leguminivora Davis & Vargas gen. et sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new seed‐feeding micromoth associated with Fabaceae in Peru and Chile

The adult, pupa, larva and biology of Adenogasteria leguminivora Davis & Vargas gen. et sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Ornixolinae) from Peru and Chile are described and illustrated. This micromoth was previously reported in the agronomic literature as a pest of Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) (Fabaceae) in Peru, but its taxonomic status remained unknown until now. Its larvae feed on the seeds of three legume trees: Acacia macracantha, C. spinosa and Inga feuillei. Adenogasteria leguminivora superficially resembles other sympatric gracillariids but can be separated on key morphological features and host plant preferences. Eggs of A. leguminivora are laid on the fruit surface, from where the larva burrows until it reaches the cotyledons, which are mined by the two early (sap‐feeding) instars and almost completely consumed by the last three (tissue‐feeding) instars. Subsequently, the mature larva leaves the fruit and constructs an elongated silk cocoon ornamented with a few silk bubbles before pupation. A maximum likelihood analysis of DNA barcodes clustered the A. leguminivora sequences as a single independent phylogenetic unit within Ornixolinae, sister to the Chileoptilia + Philodoria clade, regardless of the host plant and geographic origin of the samples. The genetic divergence of A. leguminivora to the nearest neighbour in COI barcodes was >10%.
Compatibility Studies of Sildenafil with Different Excipients by Using TGA, DSC, XRD and FTIR

Study of drug–excipient interactions is a crucial step in preformulation stage of drug development to achieve consistent chemical, physical, bioavailability, manufacturability and stability of the dosage form. In pre-formulation studies, it is important to use thermoanalytical and spectroscopic methods. These are important systems for achieving a suitable formulation. Sildenafil is a well-tolerated and highly effective treatment for erectile dysfunction. erectile dysfunction was revolutionized with the development of a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase type 5. , Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy , and X-ray Powder Diffraction systems were used in the investigation and to determine the possible interactions between sildenafil and some excipients like butylated hydroxyanisole, cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ascorbic acid, and citric acid. Binary mixtures of drug:excipient=1:1 (mass/mass) have been analyzed. According to the results, there is incompatibility with butylated hydroxyanisole, ascorbic acid, and citric acid.
Natural Nitrogen Isotope Ratios as a Potential Indicator of N2O Production Pathways in a Floodplain Fen

Nitrous oxide (N2O), a major greenhouse gas and ozone depleter, is emitted from drained organic soils typically developed in floodplains. We investigated the effect of the water table depth and soil oxygen (O2) content on N2O fluxes and their nitrogen isotope composition in a drained floodplain fen in Estonia. Measurements were done at natural water table depth, and we created a temporary anoxic environment by experimental flooding. From the suboxic peat (0.5–6 mg O2/L) N2O emissions peaked at 6 mg O2/L and afterwards decreased with decreasing O2. From the anoxic and oxic peat (0 and >6 mg O2/L, respectively) N2O emissions were low. Under anoxic conditions the δ15N/δ14N ratio of the top 10 cm peat layer was low, gradually decreasing to 30 cm. In the suboxic peat, δ15N/δ14N ratios increased with depth. In samples of peat fluctuating between suboxic and anoxic, the elevated 15N/14N ratios (δ15N = 7–9‰ ambient N2) indicated intensive microbial processing of nitrogen. Low values of site preference (SP; difference between the central and peripheral 15N atoms) and δ18O-N2O in the captured gas samples indicate nitrifier denitrification in the floodplain fen.
Prevention strategies for substance use disorders in low-resource settings

Substance use continues to be a major public health problem for the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) around the world. Prevention strategies, which are theoretically grounded, culturally sensitive, and cost effective, can help such resource-constrained nations mount effective control measures against drug use. Multisectorial involvement and multistakeholder participation can result in the development of sustainable prevention programs which earn long-term benefits for the nation. This narrative review looks into the various principles of primary prevention in drug use disorders and discusses the merits and effectiveness of varied intervention strategies used for universal, selective, or targeted prevention of drug use. Although evidence for effectiveness exists for various prevention programs in high-income countries (HICs), research from the developing world remains scarce. This paper focuses specifically on strategies which have found usefulness in other LMICs and interprets interventions from HICs in light of such findings. Policy-based programs, population interventions, community efforts, and treatment strategies are discussed to understand best pathways for prevention in various settings.
An Uncontrolled Pilot Study of an Integrated Family-Based Partial Hospitalization Program for Youth With Mood Disorders

ABSTRACT There are many outpatient interventions for treating youth with mood disorders and their families. Despite the severity of impairment related to mood disorders, there is little research on the effectiveness of intensive outpatient or partial hospitalization programs that implement evidence-based treatment components for youth with mood disorders. A preliminary review of an innovative program, the Child and Adolescent Integrated Mood Program (CAIMP), that incorporates evidenced-based intervention within the service model of a partial hospitalization program for youth ages 9–18 is provided. Structured clinical interviews, broad-based assessment measures, and clinician-reported functioning scales were implemented to gather preliminary data. A brief description is included regarding the clinical setting, CAIMP treatment components, and pilot data. Favorable treatment outcomes post-CAIMP, including a reduction in inpatient hospitalization, are explored. Posttreatment clinical improvement was noted, and inpatient psychiatric hospital admissions decreased after completing CAIMP. Pilot data are favorable for CAIMP when providing treatment for youth with severe mood disorders and their caregivers. This intervention shows promise for being an important addition to the treatment options for youth with severe mood disorders and their families and is worthy of further evaluation. Providers have this clinical takeaway: Preliminary data suggest providing a partial hospitalization program specifically designed for mood disorders that engages both caregivers and youth with severe mood disorders has clinical benefit.
Yield of maize crop irrigated with saline waters

ABSTRACT The growing competition for good-quality water is forcing the use of saline water for irrigation in several areas around the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different electrical conductivities of irrigation water on the maize production aspects. The study was conducted in the field from August to December 2017 at the Experimental Farm of the Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), Redenção, CE, Brazil. A randomized complete block design with five irrigation water salinity (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1) and four repetitions was used. The evaluated variables were: unhusked and husked ear weights, husked ear length and diameter, cob weight, 1000-grain weight and yield. The increase of salt concentration in irrigation water reduced the unhusked and husked ear weights, cob weight, 1000-grain weight and yield. Ear length and diameter were not influenced by the increase in water salinity.
Stimulant Use to Improve Wakefulness Following Brain Injury: A Survey of the Neurocritical Care Society

Background: Brain injury can have lasting neurologic sequelae. Many patients suffer from disorders of attention and arousal following severe brain injury. A majority of the therapies we offer these patients are largely supportive. Our goal was to create and distribute a clinical practice survey to evaluate which specific medications are currently being used by neurointensivists in the management of attention and arousal disorders following brain injury. Methods: An 8 question unvalidated survey was organized and distributed to the 1366 members of the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS), made up of neurointensivists, medical intensivists, neurosurgeons and anesthesiologists. The survey was conducted from November 15, 2013 through November 29, 2013. Results: 122 responses were obtained. More than half of respondents were neurointensivists (54.9%). 59.8% of the respondents selected amantadine as their medication of choice to address attention and arousal issues. 69.4% of the respondents initiated therapy more than a week out from injury. 34.4% of the respondents treat their patients for more than 2 weeks. 55.7% of respondents reported trying another agent, if the initial selection did not improve wakefulness. 76.2% selected traumatic brain injury (TBI) as the primary diagnosis of patients receiving pharmacologic treatment. Overall, 50.4% of the respondents felt that medications were effective only a quarter of the time. Only a single respondent reported an institutional protocol for administering stimulants for wakefulness. Conclusion: Amantadine is used most frequently; however, the medications and time schedules that are utilized vary. Only one respondent reported an institutional policy that directs therapy.
Long-term immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory eye disease – the link between systemic treatment, cardiovascular risk and disease?

ABSTRACT Introduction: Inflammatory eye diseases (IED), which encompasses uveitis and scleritis, often require systemic immunosuppressive therapy (IMT) to induce disease control or remission. Immunosuppressive therapy, including glucocorticoids, has been implicated in accelerating atherosclerosis and increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatic diseases or solid organ transplant recipients. Areas covered: Literature review conducted with the use of PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane library for peer reviewed articles then stratified for strength of evidence in reference to traditional risk factors such as hypertension, lipid profile and insulin resistance. Evidence of cardiovascular events were included. Commonly used immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of IED including azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclosporine, tacrolimus and the biologics. Each immunosuppressive agent was considered in terms of effects on hypertension, lipid profile, insulin resistance and cardiovascular outcomes. Expert commentary: Cyclosporine is associated with increased risk of hypertension and tacrolimus with insulin resistance. There is little evidence of cardiovascular disease with the use of methotrexate, azathioprine or mycophenolate. There is some evidence that the newer biologics may have protective effects on cardiovascular parameters. However, there is heterogeneity of the study populations and limited evidence in the ophthalmological setting.
Study of skin microvascular function in Raynaud’s phenomenon : a pathophysiological and pharmacological approach

The cutaneous microcirculation has been proposed as a model to study generalized microvascular function in various diseases. Moreover, it is specifically affected in Raynaud’s phenomenon, characterized by transient ischemia in the digits in response to cold. Despite recent advances in methods exploring the cutaneous microcirculation, they still suffer from a lack of standardization. In the first part of this dissertation, we have reviewed the different techniques used to assess skin microvascular reactivity, and studied the reproducibility of reactivity tests. We then used these tests to assess cutaneous microvascular reactivity in Raynaud’s phenomenon, and showed abnormal neurovascular control of the microvasculature in these patients. The third part of this dissertation is dedicated to pharmacological studies targeting the cutaneous microcirculation in Raynaud’s phenomenon. We tested the effect of sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, on digital skin blood flow while cooling locally, and showed increase in cutaneous vascular conductance in patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon. Finally, we assessed in animals and in humans the effect of locally administered vasodilating drugs on the cutaneous microcirculation, by using iontophoresis. This innovative approach may be an interesting treatment in Raynaud’s phenomenon.