Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Dynamic Interactions between Top-Down Expectations and Conscious Awareness

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Effects of Intercropping Pattern and Planting Date on the Performance of Two Cowpea Varieties in Dalwa, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Field experiment was carried out in Dalwa, Maiduguri to investigate the effects of intercropping pattern and planting date on the performance of two cowpea varieties with sorghum. The experiment was laid in split-plot design each replicated three times including control. The factorial experiment consisted of two varieties of cowpea (Borno brown and Banjiram), two planting dates (early and late planting) and three intercrop patterns (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3). The results showed that cowpea flower count per plant were significantly higher (p<0.05) in Borno brown cowpea variety, late planting and 1:1 intercrop pattern. It further showed that cowpea pods count per plant was significantly higher in varieties, early planting date and 1:1 intercrop pattern. Grain yields were significantly higher in both varieties and not significantly different from one another, but higher in early planting date and higher in 1:1 and 1:2 intercrop patterns. Farmers in the Maiduguri Northern eastern region of Nigeria could therefore adopt early planting of the two varieties at 1:1 and 1:2 intercrop patterns.
Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 as Bone Additive and its Relation with the Dental Implant Dimensions and Stability: Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The bone morphogenetic protein belongs to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and it is regarded as one of the biological factors that play major roles in the process of osteogenesis. Objective: To measure the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 with an absorbable collagen sponge carrier (rhBMP-2/ACS) on secondary implant stability and study the relation of other parameters like implant receipt jaws, implant diameter, and implant length with implant stability. Methods: Ten participants were enrolled in the study after a selective diagnosis. Forty-seven implants were classified into two groups: the study group included twenty-three dental implants with an additive of rhBMP-2/ACS, and the control group included twenty-four dental implants without an additive. Each patient received at least two implants on each ipsilateral side. The primary implant stability was measured at the surgical phase, and the secondary implant stability was recorded after 16–24 weeks by using the Resonance Frequency Analysis device. Results: There was a weak but not significant correlation between implant dimensions and stability, except in the control group. Concerning the ISQ relation to the jaw, the mandible showed a significant increase in primary stability for the study group compared to that in the control group, but no statistical relation was recorded. Conclusion: The mandible had higher ISO values for primary stability than the maxilla in both groups, with a non-significant connection. The maxilla in both groups had improved secondary stability, whereas the mandible had decreased. (clinicaltrials.gov-NCT05719181).
Experimental study of sandstone cementation

ABSTRACT Sands of different physical characteristics were cemented with quartz in hydrothermal reactors at temperatures from 255°C to 360°C and pressures from 2000 psi to 11,000 psi. Relatively high thermal gradients were employed to produce the circulation of solution through the sands. Weak solutions of NaOH, Na2CO3 or K2CO3 were used. With freely circulating solutions, well sorted coarse sands became cemented faster than fine-grained sands because of the greater influx of cement into the more permeable coarse sand. However, finer grained sand samples were cemented much more rapidly than coarser sands where influx of cementing solution was the same in both cases. The rate of cementation appeared to be a function of the surface area of the grains. Cementation proceeded considerably faster in highly angular sands than in rounded sands of the same grade size. Although the angular sand had a higher porosity initially, its porosity became less than that of round sand after a moderate amount of cementation. Polycrystalline aggregates of quartzite or chert grew much more slowly than grains of single crystals with rate of growth decreasing with decreasing size of crystals comprising the aggregates. In impure mixtures, the degree of cementation was proportional to quartz content. Microcrystalline cement formed with rapid introduction of concentrated cementing solutions. Commonly, normal overgrowths formed on the grains near the ends of the c-axes while microcrystalline quartz was simultaneously deposited on other parts of the grains. Large amounts of cement in the form of normal overgrowths imparted little strength to sands, especially in the coarse types. Sands of polycrystalline grains developed good cohesion because of interlocking of the diversely oriented growths on these grains. A relatively small amount of microcrystalline cement imparted considerable strength to the sands.
NeuroImage: Clinical

Patients with non-speci ﬁ c low back pain (NSLBP) show an impaired postural control during standing and a slower performance of sit-to-stand-to-sit (STSTS) movements. Research suggests that these impairments could be due to an altered use of ankle compared to back proprioception. However, the neural correlates of these postural control impairments in NSLBP remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated brain activity during ankle and back proprioceptive processing by applying local muscle vibration during functional magnetic resonance imaging in 20 patients with NSLBP and 20 controls. Correlations between brain activity during proprioceptive processing and (Airaksinen et al., 2006) proprioceptive use during postural control, evaluated by using muscle vibration tasks during standing, and (Altmann et al., 2007) STSTS performance were examined across and between groups. Moreover, fear of movement was assessed. Results revealed that the NSLBP group performed worse on the STSTS task, and reported more fear compared to healthy controls. Unexpectedly, no group di ﬀ erences in proprioceptive use during postural control were found. However, the relationship between brain activity during proprioceptive processing and behavioral indices of proprioceptive use di ﬀ ered signi ﬁ cantly between NSLBP and healthy control groups. Activity in the right amygdala during ankle proprioceptive processing correlated with an impaired proprioceptive use in the patients with NSLBP, but not in healthy controls. Moreover, while activity in the left superior parietal lobule, a sensory processing region, during back proprioceptive processing correlated with a better use of proprioception in the NSLBP group, it was associated with a less optimal use of proprioception in the control group. These ﬁ ndings suggest that functional brain changes during proprioceptive processing in patients with NSLBP may contribute to their postural control impairments.
NeuroImage: Clinical

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by chronic multiple tics, which are experienced as compulsive and ‘ unwilled ’ . Patients with TS can di ﬀ er markedly in the frequency, severity, and bodily distribution of tics. Moreover, there are high comorbidity rates with attention de ﬁ cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, and depression. This complex clinical pro ﬁ le may account for apparent variability of ﬁ ndings across neuroimaging studies that connect neural function to cognitive and motor behavior in TS. Here we crystalized information from neuroimaging regarding the functional circuitry of TS, and furthermore, tested speci ﬁ cally for neural determinants of tic severity, by applying activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses to neuroimaging (activation) studies of TS. Fourteen task-based studies (13 fMRI and one H2O-PET) met rigorous inclusion criteria. These studies, encompassing 25 experiments and 651 participants, tested for di ﬀ erences between TS participants and healthy controls across cognitive, motor, perceptual and somatosensory domains. Relative to controls, TS participants showed distributed di ﬀ erences in the activation of prefrontal (inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri), anterior cingulate, and motor preparation cortices (lateral premotor cortex and supplementary motor area; SMA). Di ﬀ erences also extended into sensory (somatosensory cortex and the lingual gyrus; V4); and temporo-parietal association cortices (posterior superior temporal sulcus, supramarginal gyrus, and retrosplenial cortex). Within TS participants, tic severity (reported using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale; YGTSS) selectively correlated with engagement of SMA, precentral gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus across tasks. The dispersed involvement of multiple cortical regions with di ﬀ erences in functional reactivity may account for heterogeneity in the symptomatic expression of TS and its comorbidities. More speci ﬁ cally for tics and tic severity, the ﬁ ndings reinforce previously proposed contributions of premotor and lateral prefrontal cortices to tic expression.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Thermal transport in subducted slabs and mantle critically inﬂuences their thermo-chemical evolution and dynamics, where the thermal conductivity controls the magnitude of conductive heat transfer. Here we investigate high-pressure thermal conductivities of stishovite and new-hexagonal-aluminous (NAL) phase, two major slab minerals in the shallow lower mantle, and their impacts on slab dynamics. Pure and Al-bearing stishovite exhibit conductivities of 60–70 and 30–40 Wm − 1 K − 1 , respectively, at 25–60 GPa and 300 K, much higher than the Fe-bearing NAL, 10–33 Wm − 1 K − 1 , and assemblage of a pyrolitic mantle or subducted basaltic crust. Numerical simulations indicate that subducted crustal materials particularly with local silica-enrichment would have eﬃcient thermal conduction which promotes faster warming of a sinking slab, altering dynamic stability of slab materials and leading to slab stagnation and crust detachment in the shallow lower mantle. Conductive heat transfer in silica-enriched regions along subducted slabs in the shallow lower mantle can be more inﬂuential on mantle dynamics than previously thought.
Ptolemy's Geography in the renaissance

Zur Shalev Main Themes in the Study of Ptolemy's Geography in the Renaissance Alexander Jones Ptolemy's Geography: A Reform that Failed Dario Tessicini Definitions of Cosmography and Geography in the Wake of Ptolemy's Geography Angelo Cattaneo Map Projections and Perspective in the Renaissance Mario Carpo The Early Modern Renaissance of Digital Images: Alberti, Ptolemy, and a Map of Rome Benjamin Weiss The Geography in Print: 1475-1530 George Tolias Ptolemy's Geography and Early Modern Antiquarian Practices Alfred Hiatt Mutation and Supplement: The 1513 Strasbourg Ptolemy Margaret Small Warring Traditions: Ptolemy and Strabo in the Geography of Sebastian Munster Alessandro Scafi After Ptolemy: The Mapping of Eden Lesley Cormack Ptolemy at work: The Role of the Geography in Geography and Mathematics Teaching in Early Modern England Appendix Jacopo Angeli's introduction to his translation into Latin of the Geography, translated by Charles Burnett. Index.
Long-time Series in Icelandic Waters in Relation to Physical Variability in the Northern North Atlantic

This review is mainly based on two papers the author has published in the ICES Journal of Marine Science Symposia. One dealing with the hydro-biological variability in the ICES Area (Malmberg and Kristmannsson, 1992) and the other on capelin and cod, and climatic change (Malmberg and Blindheim, 1994). These papers deal with hydrographic conditions in Icelandic waters and adjacent seas in relation to large scale pan Atlantic conditions. Additional updated information from Icelandic waters are included in this review and compared with hydrographic variations elsewhere along the Subpolar Gyre in the North Atlantic. Some ecological impacts of the observed hydrographic conditions in the northern North Atlantic are also discussed.
PERT era, race‐based healthcare disparities in a large urban safety net hospital

Abstract Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third leading cause of cardiovascular death in the United States. Black Americans have higher incidence, greater clot severity, and worse outcomes than White Americans. This disparity is not fully understood, especially in the context of the advent of PE response teams (PERT), which aim to standardize PE‐related care. This retrospective single‐center cohort study compared 294 Black and 131 White patients from our institution's PERT database. Primary objectives included severity and in‐hospital management. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, 30‐day readmission, 30‐day mortality, and outpatient follow‐up. Clot (p = 0.42), acute treatment (p = 0.28), 30‐day mortality (p = 0.77), 30‐day readmission (p = 0.50), and outpatient follow‐up (p = 0.98) were similar between races. Black patients had a lower mean household income ($35,383, SD 20,596) than White patients ($63,396, SD 32,987) (p < 0.0001). More Black patients (78.8%) had exclusively government insurance (Medicare/Medicaid) compared to White patients (61.8%) (p = 0.006). Interestingly, government insurance patients had less follow‐up (58.3%) than private insurance patients (79.7%) (p = 0.001). Notably, patients with follow‐up had fewer 30‐day readmissions. Specifically, 12.2% of patients with follow‐up were readmitted compared to 22.2% of patients without follow‐up (p = 0.008). There were no significant differences in PE severity, in‐hospital treatment, mortality, or readmissions between Black and White patients. However, patients with government insurance had less follow‐up and more readmissions, indicating a socioeconomic disparity. Access barriers such as health literacy, treatment cost, and transportation may contribute to this inequity. Improving access to follow‐up care may reduce the disparity in PE outcomes.
RESISTIVITY SURVEY OF THRACIAN BURIAL MOUNDS

The article provides information for a geophysical survey of Thracian burial mounds. The characteristics of the morphology of Thracian tumuli and the burial structures discovered in them are briefly described. Apparent resistivity technique with different electrode array is described. Examples are given to show the advantages of geophysical survey in advance of excavations of ancient monuments, in order to identify the optimum position of trenches, as well as to provide information for the future protection and exhibition of the monuments
Comparison between autoregressive integrated moving average and long short term memory models for stock price prediction

This study compares the forecasting accuracy in stock price prediction of twowidely established models - a more traditional autoregressive integratedmoving average (ARIMA) model and a deep learning network, the long shortterm memory (LSTM) model. They perform exceptionally well in time series data analysis and are applied to ten different stock tickers, comprising exchange-traded funds (ETFs) from different market sectors for the purpose of this study. The parameters in both models were optimised and this process revealed several differences from existing literature with regards to the optimal combination of parameters in both models. Upon comparing their performances, despite being more accurate when making point predictions, the ARIMA was outperformed significantly by LSTMs in terms of long-term predictions. Point predictions made by ARIMA were found to have similar accuracies as the long-run predictions made by LSTMs.
OECD Regional Development Working Papers 2015 / 01 Urban Spatial Structure in OECD Cities : is Urban Population Decentralising or Clustering ?

This paper presents an analysis of urban spatial structure and its trends in the OECD between 2001 and 2011. It does so by using a standardised definition of urban areas in 29 OECD countries as composed of high density cores and their respective commuting zones. While urban population is growing everywhere, the way in which populations locate throughout the urban space differs across OECD cities and countries. The prevalent trend is an increasing dispersion of the population, with growth taking place outside existing centres. However, in specific countries, there are cities experiencing a higher growth in their central cores, while others are strengthening their polycentric structures. Overall, the population has grown more in relatively low-density locations close to the main centre, but outside it. Closeness to sub-centres also proves to be a strong advantage for growth and suggests the emergence of new centralities shaping urban spatial structures. JEL classification codes: R10, R12, R14.
Drought impact and household response in East and West Africa

Progress has been made during the 1980s in understanding the causes of famine and the public action required to prevent it (8; 30). It is now recognized that famines arise from a complex interaction of supply, distribution, and demand factors, not just from disruption of local supplies due to drought. Yet. this conceptual reorientation does not diminish the key role of drought as a trigger for famine. In 1990/91, droughts reduced harvests in most countries bordering the Sahara, contributing to food output shortfalls for 19 million people (9: 10). In 1992. drought again reduced food supplies in much of the region.
Local Knowledge and Tree Species Preference for Land Rehabilitation in Kenya

Kenya’s natural resources are under considerable threat and are already severely degraded in many areas due to overgrazing, clearance of forests and woodlands cover for agriculture, as well as fuelwood collection. According to available records, about 75% of the landmass in Kenya is dryland, exposed to the vicissitudes of an irregular rainfall pattern. This study identifies local people’s priority tree species most apt to halt land degradation in Karai Location. Data was gathered through questionnairebased interviews with households. Descriptive statistics suggest farmers' preferences for tree species and the reasons behind their preferences. Results also show the great potential and challenge of agroforestry in the area. Farmers in Karai are interested in cultivating exotic species, namely, Grevillea robusta, Eucalyptus saligna, Casuarina equisitifolia, Leucaena leucocephala, Calliandra calothyrsus and Sesbania sesban on their farms. This study concludes that the agroforestry approach of incorporating "scientifically approved" multipurpose trees of farmers' own preference into the existing landuse systems would simultaneously restore the environment, conserve the forests, generate income for resource-poor farmers, catalyse more sustainable land-use practices and enhance increased and sustained food production.
THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE - DIOXIDE ON REDUCTION OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF DENTAL UNIT WATER SYSTEMS

Statement of Problem: Dental Unit Water Systems (DUWS) have been demonstrated to be contaminated with biofilms. This biofilm could be a site for growth and colonization of pathologic microorganisms. Purpose : The aim of this research was to measure the Total Cultivable Flora (TCF) in DUWS of Khorasgan dental school and the effect of stabilized chlorine dioxide on its reduction. Materials and Method: In this research, 60 samples of water from high speed turbines, air-water syringes, cavitrons and wash basins were collected. The samples were cultured in agar nutrition media and incubated for 5 days. After the incubation period, colonial counting was done by HPC method. In the next stage, stabilized chlorine dioxide was added in a container for each unit and the samples were taken from air-water syringes, cavitrons and turbine outlets. As for the first stage, after 5 days of culture and incubation, the samples were observed under microscope for counting the bacterial colonies. Kruskal-Walis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: A high level of bacterial contamination (more than 200 CFU) was observed in high speed turbines, air-water syringes, cavitrons and wash basins. The highest colonial count was observed from cavitron and the lowest from washbasin outlets but the difference was not statistically significant. After using chlorine dioxide, the amount of bacterial colonies was significantly reduced ( p <0.05). Conclusion : The amount of bacterial contamination in DUWS of Khorasgan dental school was higher than the accepted level. These bacteria were mainly opportunistic. The addition of an anti-bacterial agent in the DUWS will significantly reduce the bacterial count to an acceptable level. Key words: Bacterial Contamination, DUWS, Chlorine- dioxide
The University of Bradford Institutional Repository

With the increasing complexity of problems in the construction industry, researchers are investigating computationally rigorous intelligent systems with the aim of seeking intelligent solutions. The purpose of this paper is therefore to analyse the research published on ‘intelligent systems in the construction industry’ over the past two decades. This is achieved to observe and understand the historical trends and current patterns in the use of different types of intelligent systems and to exhibit potential directions of further research. Thus, to trace the applications of intelligent systems to research in the construction industry, a profiling approach is employed to analyse 514 publications extracted from the Scopus database. The prime value and uniqueness of this paper lies in analysing and compiling the existing published material by examining variables (such as yearly publications, geographic location of each publication, etc.). This has been achieved by synthesising existing publications using fourteen keywords 2 ‘ Intelligent Systems ’, ‘ Artificial Intelligence ’, ‘ Expert Systems ’, ‘ Fuzzy Systems ’, ‘ Genetic Algorithms ’, ‘ Knowledge-Based Systems ’, ‘ Neural Networks ’, ‘ Context Aware Applications ’, ‘ Embedded Systems ’, ‘ Human-Machine Interface ’, ‘ Sensing and Multiple Sensor Fusion ’, ‘ Ubiquitous and Physical Computing ’, ‘ Case-based Reasoning ’ and ‘ Construction Industry ’. The prime contributions of this research are identified by associating (a) yearly publication and geographic location, (b) yearly publication and the type of intelligent systems employed/discussed, (c) geographic location and the type of research methods employed, and (d) geographic location and the types of intelligent systems employed. These contributions provide a comparison between the two decades and offer insights into the trends in using different intelligent systems types in the construction industry. The analysis presented in this paper has identified intelligent systems studies that have contributed to the development and accumulation of intellectual wealth to the intelligent systems area in the construction industry. This research has implications for researchers, journal editors, practitioners, universities and research institutions. Moreover, it is likely to form the basis and motivation for profiling other database resources and specific types of intelligent systems journals in this area.