Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Management Early Warning Modeling Analysis Based on RBF Neural Network Algorithm

Nowadays, the operation of enterprises is facing a variety of risk problems, among which the financial risk is the most concerned. Because once financial risks accumulate to a certain extent after not take timely measures, will certainly lead to a greater financial crisis. Since China joined the WTO, along with the opening of the banking industry, insurance industry and securities market, the financial risk management environment of enterprises in China has changed, that is, there are stricter requirements. Therefore, strengthening the early warning of enterprise financial crisis is the top priority of modern enterprise development. With the development of science and technology, only with the establishment of enterprise financial management early warning model scientifically, timely discovering the causes of financial crisis, and taking effective preventive measures, can we avoid the occurrence of financial crisis from the source. Based on the RBF neural network algorithm, we build the enterprise financial crisis early warning model, and use the advanced scientific and technological means to avoid the financial crisis. The paper uses the literature research method, quantitative analysis method and qualitative analysis method, expounds the basic theory, the financial crisis simulation experiment, comparing the traditional early warning model, the research results show that the built model has a high accuracy (78%, 75%), timely capture risk signals, help managers implement preventive measures, minimize the loss caused by risk, to avoid the return of financial risk.
Radial abundance gradients from planetary nebulae and young objects: Age effects

Abstract We discuss the effects on the time variation of the gradients resulting from our determinations of the age distributions of CSPN. The main conclusions are: (i) for most CSPN with accurate radial velocities the kinematic ages are usually under 3 Gyr, so that the differences between the gradients of these objects and of younger objects are expected to be small; (ii) results based on age-metallicity relations suggest that there is an older PN population for which the gradients are steeper, in agreement with open cluster data.
Clinical Characteristics of Melancholic and Nonmelancholic Depressions

Abstract This study aimed to compare clinical-demographic features of melancholic and nonmelancholic depressions. We included 141 depressed inpatients classified as melancholic and nonmelancholic by the Sydney Melancholia Prototype Index (SMPI) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Results were controlled for confounders, including severity measures. Melancholic patients by both diagnostic systems were more severely depressed and presented more psychotic symptoms, neurological soft signs, and psychomotor disturbances. Melancholic patients classified by the SMPI were also older at illness onset and had fewer suicide attempts. After controlling for confounders, although all differences remained significant for SMPI diagnosis, the DSM-5 diagnosis of melancholia was only associated with further impaired motor sequencing. The results obtained with the SMPI support the hypothesis that melancholia has clinical features qualitatively different from those of nonmelancholic depressions. Contrarily, the DSM-5 specifier seems to reflect the severity of depressive episodes rather than core clinical features of melancholia.
Magnetic domain pinning in an anisotropy-engineered GdTbFe thin film

Focused ion beam irradiation was used to reduce locally the perpendicular anisotropy of magnetic thin films in rectangular lattices of 50 nm sized dots. The effect of the anisotropy patterns, differing in ion fluence and interdot spacing, on the magnetization reversal process was determined in q space with x-ray resonant magnetic scattering and in real space with magnetic force microscopy. At remanence only a slight alignment of the irregularly shaped domains is observed. In perpendicular magnetic fields, however, the high field bubble domains display a pronounced localization on the dots, showing that this form of local anisotropy reduction is a highly efficient way of domain positioning.
A COMPARISON OF ANALYSIS METHODS FOR LATE‐STAGE VARIETY EVALUATION TRIALS

The statistical analysis of late‐stage variety evaluation trials using a mixed model is described, with one‐ or two‐stage approaches to the analysis. Two sets of trials, from Australia and the UK, were used to provide realistic scenarios for a simulation study to evaluate the different methods of analysis. This study showed that a one‐stage approach gave the most accurate predictions of variety performance overall or within each environment, across a range of models, as measured by mean squared error of prediction or realized genetic gain. A weighted two‐stage approach performed adequately for variety predictions both overall and within environments, but a two‐stage unweighted approach performed poorly in both cases. A generalized heritability measure was developed to compare methods.
The Predictive Skill and the Most Predictable Pattern in the Tropical Atlantic: The Effect of ENSO

Abstract This work investigates the predictive skill and most predictable pattern in the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The skill is measured by the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly correlation between the predictions and the corresponding analyses, and the most predictable patterns are isolated by an empirical orthogonal function analysis with a maximized signal-to-noise ratio. On average, for predictions with initial conditions (ICs) of all months, the predictability of SST is higher in the west than in the east. The highest skill is near the tropical Brazilian coast and in the Caribbean Sea, and the lowest skill occurs in the eastern coast. Seasonally, the skill is higher for predictions with ICs in summer or autumn and lower for those with ICs in spring. The CFS poorly predicts the meridional gradient in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The superiority of the CFS predictions to the persistence forecasts depends on IC month, region, and lead time. The CFS prediction.
Determination of long time discharge current in microelectromechanical system capacitive switches

An improved method to study the long term discharge current through the dielectric film in microelectromechanical system capacitive switches is presented. The method allows the detection of currents in the sub-fempto-Ampere range by monitoring the decay of the bias for minimum capacitance in the pull-up state. The method has been applied for time interval in excess of 10 000 s. Finally, it is shown that in carefully designed devices the method allows the calculation of the current that arises from the charge fluctuation decay.
Instrument concepts and scientific opportunities for TMT

The Thirty-Meter Telescope Project (TMT) aims to build a diffraction-limited, 30-m segmented mirror telescope with first light set for 2014 and first science operations for 2015. The telescope, its comprehensive adaptive optics architecture and its instruments are being designed as an end-to-end system in order to meet the demands of AO-based science. The TMT Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) has defined challenging scientific programs ranging from the tomographic exploration of the cosmic web of intergalactic hydrogen to extrasolar planets and has identified a suite of instrumental capabilities that will be required to carry them out during the first decade of TMT operation. The TMT instrumentation program has just completed a feasibility phase in which seven instrument concepts were studied. These studies have yielded innovative concepts that stretch the TMT discovery space and system-wide performance, and they are helping define detailed requirements for the telescope and observatory subsystems. Highlights from these studies are summarized and discussed.
Self-assembled nanotube field-effect transistors for label-free protein biosensors

A self-assembly method is developed to fabricate single-wall carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (SWNT-FETs). The electrode surface and the area between electrodes are modified with nonpolar groups (−CH3) and polar groups (−NH3+). SWNTs are selectively placed in the area between the electrodes. We achieve stability and specificity in label-free protein detection using the biotin-streptavidin pair as research model. Our process holds promise for high integration of SWNT-FET biosensors, with no need for high-temperature processing.
A New Colorization Algorithm Based on Dynamic Neighbor-Relevant Chromatic Channel Information

This paper is concerned with the problem of automatic colorization of grayscale images via color transfer. Some deficiencies of Welsh's colorization algorithm are pointed out and analyzed. Then, a new colorization algorithm is proposed, which uses a new similarity function and a new search strategy for pixel matching. The new function incorporates both the luminance information and chromatic values of previously colorized neighboring pixels. The intrinsic space clustering property of an image is taken into account in the strategy by using Hilbert filling curve scanning order. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm outperforms Welsh's algorithm in both colorization effect and computational complexity. Moreover, the proposed similarity function and search strategy can easily be embedded into other colorization algorithms to improve their performance.
Front propagation in periodic excitable media

This paper is devoted to the study of pulsating travelling fronts for reaction‐diffusion‐advection equations in a general class of periodic domains with underlying periodic diffusion and velocity fields. Such fronts move in some arbitrarily given direction with an unknown effective speed. The notion of pulsating travelling fronts generalizes that of travelling fronts for planar or shear flows. Various existence, uniqueness and monotonicity results are proved for two classes of reaction terms. Firstly, for a combustion‐type nonlinearity, it is proved that the pulsating travelling front exists and that its speed is unique. Moreover, the front is increasing with respect to the time variable and unique up to translation in time. We also consider one class of monostable nonlinearity which arises either in combustion or biological models. Then, the set of possible speeds is a semi‐infinite interval, closed and bounded from below. For each possible speed, there exists a pulsating travelling front which is increasing in time. This result extends the classical Kolmogorov‐Petrovsky‐Piskunov case. Our study covers in particular the case of flows in all of space with periodic advections such as periodic shear flows or a periodic array of vortical cells. These results are also obtained for cylinders with oscillating boundaries or domains with a periodic array of holes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Damage threshold for ion‐beam induced graphitization of diamond

The critical dose for graphitization of diamond as a result of ion implantation induced damage (boron and arsenic) and subsequent thermal annealing is determined by combining secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements, chemical etching of the graphitized layer, and TRIM simulations. Li ions are implanted as a deep marker to accurately determine the position of the graphite/diamond interface. The damage density threshold, beyond which graphitization occurs upon annealing, is found to be 1022 vacancies/cm3. This value is checked against published data and is shown to be of general nature, independent of ion species or implantation energy.
Finite Mixtures of Covariance Structure Models with Regressors

Models of finite mixtures of normal densities conditional on regressor variables are specified and estimated. The authors consider mixtures of multivariate normals where the expected value for each component depends on nonnormal regressor variables. The expected values and covariance matrices of the mixture components are parameterized using conditional mean- and covariance-structures. The authors discuss the construction of the likelihood function and outline the estimation of parameters. In addition, they define fit indices and discuss aspects of model specification and modification that are specific to mixtures of mean- and covariance-structures. Finally, they give an empirical example in which they analyze the importance of automobiles to individuals depending on the latent constructs individualism and ecology-mindedness. It is shown that the sample under consideration comes from three heterogeneous subpopulations. It is demonstrated that each subpopulation may be characterized by a different mean- and covariance-structure.
Smooth trajectory planning methods using physical limits

In order for robots to be operated in a variety of environmental conditions, a smooth motion trajectory to goal point is needed in accordance with actuators specifications of the robot. In this paper, a conventional cubic polynomial method for symmetric curve (S-curve) trajectory planning is extended to the smooth (infinitely differentiable and continuous) symmetric and asymmetric curve (AS-curve) trajectory planning derived from a smooth jerk function. In other words, the proposed methods are able to generate the trajectory as S/AS-curve form as well as to satisfy several physical limits such as jerk limit, acceleration limit, and velocity limit. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is shown through comparative studies with existing method.
Investigation of angular smoothing of PET data

Radial filtering of emission and transmission data is routinely performed in PET during reconstruction in order to reduce image noise. Angular smoothing is not typically done, due to the introduction of a non-uniform resolution loss. The goal of this paper was to assess the effects of angular smoothing on noise and resolution. Angular smoothing was incorporated into the reconstruction process on the Scanditronix PC2048-15B brain PET scanner. In-plane spatial resolution and noise reduction were measured for different amounts of radial and angular smoothing. For radial positions away from the center of the scanner, noise reduction and degraded tangential resolution with negligible loss of radial resolution were seen. Near the center, no resolution loss was observed, but there was also no reduction in noise even for large amounts of angular filtering. These results can be understood by recognizing that angular filtering is equivalent to a weighted sum of rotated images. We conclude that angular smoothing is not optimal due to its anisotropic noise reduction and resolution degradation properties.
Ion Irradiation of Frozen Methanol, Methane, and Benzene: Linking to the Colors of Centaurs and Trans-Neptunian Objects

We present visible and near-infrared (0.65-2.7 μm) diffuse reflectance spectra of frozen (16-80 K) methanol (CH3OH), methane (CH4), and benzene (C6H6), collected before and after irradiation with 200 keV H+ and Ar+ ions, and 400 keV Ar++ ions, up to a dose released to target molecule of about 350 eV per 16 amu. The results evidence a strong reddening and darkening of the spectra, due to the formation of an organic (C-rich) refractory residue. The spectral behavior is compared with some Centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects; we find that many icy objects in the outer solar system may have grown an irradiation mantle, produced by cosmic ion irradiation of simple hydrocarbons and/or alcohols.
The Selberg trace formula. I: Γ-rank one lattices.

§ l. Introduction l § 2. Reduction theory 3 § 3. Operation Q 6 § 4. Truncation of the kernels 12 § 5. Classification of the elements of Γ 19 § 6. Calculation of f Qfl} ΚΛ(χ, χ) dG(x) (initial form) 35 G/r § 7. Calculation of J », Qf2) #Γ(χ, χ) </G(jc)r 38 G/Γ § 8. Consolidation of the calculations 45 § 9. Calculation of J JJ, ΚΛ(χ, χ) dG(x) (final form) 56 G/r § 10. Statement of the Seiberg trace formula 93 § 11. Extension to the Z/-Schwartz space (0 <p < 1) 94 § 12. Multiplicities 112
Fast Algorithms to Partition Simple Rectilinear Polygons

Two algorithms to partition hole-free rectilinear polygons are developed. One has complexity ∼ O(kn) and the other O(n log k) where n is the number of vertices in the polygon and k is the smaller of the number of vertical and horizontal inversions of the polygon, k is a measure of the simplicity of a polygon. Since k is small for most practical polygons, our algorithms are fast in practice. Experimental results comparing our algorithms with that of Imai and Asano [1] are also presented.
Synthesis of Uniform Amplitude Thinned Linear Phased Arrays Using the Differential Evolution Algorithm

Abstract This paper proposes an effective approach based on the differential evolution (DE) algorithm for the synthesis of uniform amplitude thinned phased linear arrays. Two different measures are introduced in the algorithm for the constraint of the search ranges of the element spacing, and quantized phase excitations are also considered for array feeds with digital devices. Simulation results of several typical phased array problems are compared with those simulated by the real-coded genetic algorithm (RGA) to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Climatology of the Equatorial Lower Stratosphere

Abstract Twenty years of radiosonde data have been analyzed in an attempt to develop a latitudinal structure climatology of winds, temperature and geopotential at 30 and 50 mb in the equatorial stratosphere. The fine latitudinal resolution provided by the WMO station network reveals several interesting features in the latitudinal structure of the annual and quasi-biennial cycles which dominate this region. For example, the westerly and easterly acceleration phases of the quasi-biennial oscillation are markedly different. Westerly accelerations appear first at the equator, spreading outward with time to higher latitude and an more intense, on average, than the easterly accelerations. The easterly accelerations are more uniform in latitude, but leer uniform in time, sometimes occurring in two stages. The quasi-biennial wind and temperature oscillations are symmetric about the equator, while the annual harmonic in zonal wind is antisymmetric about the equator, but is not proportional to the Coriolis paramete.
Synoptic Activity in the Seas around Antarctica

Abstract The recent NCEP–Department of Energy (DOE) Reanalysis-2 update of the original NCEP–NCAR dataset provides what is arguably the highest quality analyses spanning two decades available for the high southern latitudes. It therefore offers an excellent starting point from which to assemble a modern, comprehensive, and reliable picture of synoptic activity in the subantarctic region. This set, covering the “modern satellite” era from January 1979 to February 2000, is used herein. In addition, the exploration in this study has been conducted with sophisticated feature-tracking and trajectory analysis software. It is shown that the high southern latitude cyclone system density is greatest in the Indian Ocean and to the south of Australia near, or to the south of, 60°S. The numbers in winter exceed those in summer, except over a few, but important, regions such as the Bellingshausen Sea. The Antarctic coastal region is confirmed as one of high cyclonicity, as is that in the northern part of the Antarctic.
Joint probabilistic data association methods avoiding track coalescence

For the problem of tracking multiple targets the joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) filter has shown to be very effective in handling clutter and missed detections. The JPDA, however, also tends to coalesce neighbouring tracks. Through comparing JPDA with the exact nearest neighbour PDA (ENNPDA) filter, Fitzgerald has shown that hypotheses pruning is an effective way to prevent track coalescence. The dramatic pruning used for ENNPDA however leads to an undesired sensitivity to clutter and missed detections. In this paper new algorithms are derived which combine the advantages of JPDA and ENNPDA. The effectiveness of the new algorithms is shown through Monte Carlo simulations.
Systematic effects on the size–luminosity relations of early- and late-type galaxies: dependence on model fitting and morphology

We quantify the systematics in the size–luminosity relation of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey main sample (i.e. at z ∼ 0.1) which arise from fitting different one- and two-component model profiles to the r-band images. For objects brighter than L_*, fitting a single Sersic profile to what is really a two-component SerExp system leads to biases: the half-light radius is increasingly overestimated as n of the fitted single component increases; it is also overestimated at B/T ∼ 0.6. For such objects, the assumption of a single Sersic component is particularly misleading. However, the net effect on the R-L relation is small, except for the most luminous tail. We then study how this relation depends on morphology. Our analysis is one of the first to use Bayesian-classifier-derived weights, rather than hard cuts, to define morphology. For the R-L relation Es, S0s and Sas are early types, whereas Sbs and Scds are late, although S0s tend to be 15 per cent smaller than Es of the same luminosity, and faint Sbs are more than 25 per cent smaller than faint Scds. Neither the early- nor the late-type relations are pure power laws: both show significant curvature, which we quantify. This curvature confirms that two mass scales are special for both early- and late-type galaxies: M_* ∼ 3 × 10^10 and 2 × 10^11 M_⊙. Also, although the R_disc-L_disc and R_disc-M_*disc relations of discs of disc-dominated galaxies run parallel to the corresponding relations for the total light in late types (i.e. they are significantly curved), R_bulge-L_bulge and R_bulge-M_*bulge for bulge-dominated systems show almost no curvature (i.e. unlike for the total light of early-type galaxies). Finally, the intrinsic scatter in the R-L relation decreases at large L and/or M_* and should provide additional constraints on models of how the most massive galaxies formed.
STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNSTEADY REYNOLDS-AVERAGED NAVIER–STOKES SIMULATIONS

ABSTRACT The statistical characteristics of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence models, utilizing the eddy-viscosity concept, are investigated. Detailed assessment is made to the original Launder-Spalding k –ϵ model as well as a nonlinear modification utilizing multiple scales from both turbulent variables and the local mean strain rate. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the issues of unsteady RANS computations, not to recommend a “good” model. The models are tested for flow past a square cylinder, employing progressively refined resolutions. The comparison between the length scale imposed by the turbulence model and the length scale of the spatial resolution helps understand the fidelity of the simulations. If the eddy viscosity is low, the flow field can be numerically underresolved in RANS computations, and consequently the solutions exhibit noticeable sensitivity to numerics such as discretization schemes and grid distribution. Under such situations, in practical computations, grid-independent solutions will be difficult to attain with conventional numerical schemes used in RANS simulations. It is demonstrated that in order to appreciate the statistical behavior of a turbulence model, both time-averaged and time-dependent results need be examined.