Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Brain Perfusion with Radionuclide Imaging in Dementia Patients

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the perfusion in the affected brain lobes with radionuclide imaging in patients with dementia and to contribute to the literature by determining the relationship between the degree of dementia. Methods: In this retrospective study, 44 adult patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 73 (57-87). Twenty-three (52.3%) of these were female. All patients underwent mini-mental state test, neurological examinations and radionuclide brain perfusion imaging. The areas of interest of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes and the cerebellum were drawn, respectively, and the cerebellum ratios of the relevant lobes were compared. In this way, brain perfusion index values of lobes were obtained. Results: Brain perfusion in group 1 was higher than in other groups. Groups were also compared in pairs. There was no significant difference in perfusion values in the occipital lobe. There was a significant difference in perfusion between groups 1 and 2 in lobes other than the occipital lobe. This was also the case for Groups 1 and 3. When group 2 with early dementia symptoms, and group 3 with moderate dementia were compared, there was a significant difference between the perfusion values of only the right and left frontal lobes. Conclusion: Early diagnosis is very important in progressive dementia. Clinical tests are successfully applied to categorize patients. Evaluation of brain perfusion and metabolism with functional radionuclide imaging is significant in guiding the treatment and evaluating the success of the treatment.
Head and Neck Cancer-Related Pain: A Descriptive Analysis of the Pain Phenotypes

Objective This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and prevalence of different painful phenotypes in head and neck cancer (HNC)-related pain. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients who presented with HNC-related pain. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment and were stratified in one or more painful phenotypes constructed based on the International Classification for Orofacial Pain, first edition, and International Classification for Headache Disorders, third edition. Results Among the participants included, 68% were male, and the mean age of the cohort was 49.71 ± 14.14 years. The most prevalent cancer sites were the tongue (29%) and buccal mucosa (24%). The average pain intensity was 5.88 ± 2.53 on an 11-point numeric verbal pain rating scale, where 0 was indicative of “no pain” and 10 was suggestive of “worst pain imaginable”. However, the worst pain intensity over the last month was 8.95 ± 1.53. The average number of pain sites per patient was 6, and the most common pain descriptors were dull ache, burning, and sharpness. Myofascial pain, jaw bone pain, and burning pain disorder were the most common phenotypes, and on average, three different phenotypes co-existed. Conclusion HNC-related pain has a varying and complex clinical profile, which may mirror the pain profiles of primary pain disorders, such as myofascial pain, jaw bone pain, or burning pain disorders, and often presents together as a cluster of phenotypes.
Extensive introgression among strongylocentrotid sea urchins revealed by phylogenomics

Abstract Gametic isolation is thought to play an important role in the evolution of reproductive isolation in broadcast‐spawning marine invertebrates. However, it is unclear whether gametic isolation commonly evolves early in the speciation process or only accumulates after other reproductive barriers are already in place. It is also unknown whether gametic isolation is an effective barrier to introgression following speciation. Here, we used whole‐genome sequencing data and multiple complementary phylogenomic approaches to test whether the well‐documented gametic incompatibilities among the strongylocentrotid sea urchins have limited introgression. We quantified phylogenetic discordance, inferred reticulate phylogenetic networks, and applied the Δ statistic using gene tree topologies reconstructed from multiple sequence alignments of protein‐coding single‐copy orthologs. In addition, we conducted ABBA–BABA tests on genome‐wide single nucleotide variants and reconstructed a phylogeny of mitochondrial genomes. Our results revealed strong mito‐nuclear discordance and considerable nonrandom gene tree discordance that cannot be explained by incomplete lineage sorting alone. Eight of the nine species examined demonstrated a history of introgression with at least one other species or ancestral lineage, indicating that introgression was common during the diversification of the strongylocentrotid urchins. There was strong support for introgression between four extant species pairs (Strongylocentrotus pallidus ⇔ S. droebachiensis, S. intermedius ⇔ S. pallidus, S. purpuratus ⇔ S. fragilis, and Mesocentrotus franciscanus ⇔ Pseudocentrotus depressus) and additional evidence for introgression on internal branches of the phylogeny. Our results suggest that the existing gametic incompatibilities among the strongylocentrotid urchin species have not been a complete barrier to hybridization and introgression following speciation. Their continued divergence in the face of widespread introgression indicates that other reproductive isolating barriers likely exist and may have been more critical in establishing reproductive isolation early in speciation.
Implementation of spur dikes to reduce bank erosion of temporary diversion channels during barrages construction.

4 Abstract: This stud y w as initia ted to introduce non-submerged spur d ikes as tra ining structures to reduce erosi on a t the o pposite b ank to diversion channel at Naga Hammadi barrage through minimizing t he vel ocity values near the b anks. The l ength of the bank to be protected is 450m. The width o f d iversion channel i s 1 72m; ho wever th e average channel width at t he region under stu dy is 450m. A t wo di mensional mathematical model were u sed t o s imulate many cases. To assure mod el validity, experimental results were used for ver ification. The m odel sim ulated longitudinal and transverse velocities as well as the spur working length. A financial economic evaluation as a function of groin length is introduced t o h elp i n selecting the optimum group with minimum cost. Eighteen runs (18) were executed where three (3) effective param eters were tested. These parameters were the contraction ratio, which is defined as the spur length to t he channel width (L/B), the spur orientation angle; and t he spur spacing. T he contraction r atio was varied bet ween 0.1 and 0.2 whi le t he used orientation angl e are 60 , 90 and 120 and the spaci ng was 2, 4, and 7 times as much as the spur OO O
Carbon sources and sinks from an Ensemble Kalman Filter ocean data assimilation

We quantify contemporary and preindustrial net air‐sea CO2 fluxes by an Ensemble Kalman Filter assimilation of interior ocean observations and compare results with published estimates in the light of sensitivity to model transport and input data reconstructions. Four different published reconstructions of anthropogenic carbon and the ΔCgasex tracer are assimilated into different versions of the Bern3D ocean model. The two tracers represent the components of dissolved inorganic carbon due to the anthropogenic perturbation and the air‐sea gas exchange of preindustrial CO2. Contemporary air‐sea fluxes for broad latitudinal bands are consistent with those from earlier ocean inversions and the observed air‐sea CO2 partial pressure differences. We infer modest meridional transport rates of up to 0.5 GtC yr−1 for the preindustrial and the contemporary ocean and a small carbon transport across the equator. The anthropogenic perturbation offsets the preindustrial net sea‐to‐air flux yielding a weak contemporary carbon sink in the Southern Ocean (south of 44°S) of 0.15 ± 0.25 GtC yr−1. Preindustrial Southern Ocean outgassing varies by almost a factor of 2 among the four ΔCgasex reconstructions. Large differences in regional fluxes are found between an earlier ocean inversion using Green's function and this study for the same model and input data calculation. Systematic differences in assimilated and optimized ΔCgasex fields are large in both inversions, and the contemporary, anthropogenic, and preindustrial air‐sea CO2 flux in the high‐latitude and midlatitude Southern Hemisphere remains uncertain.
Extension Needs of Fish Marketers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

The study focused on fish marketer’s perceptions of their extension needs in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. The study aimed at the determination of the general status of and identification of the significant extension needs of respondents. Stratified random sampling was utilized to select 120 fresh and dried fish marketers. Factorial analysis revealed four significant extension needs categories. Information on “value-added management of fish marketing activities” recorded the highest variation of 43.90%. T-test analysis revealed that fresh and dried fish marketers had similar extension needs Recommendations proffered in the light of the results of this study, included the necessity to conduct capacity building activities for fish marketing groups on means of overcoming identified extension needs.
MAP SHOWING OUTCROPS OF PRE-QUATERNARY BASALTIC ROCKS, BASIN AND RANGE PROVINCE, ARIZONA

INTRODUCTION This map report is one of a series of geologic and hydrologic maps covering all or parts of States within the Basin and Range province of the western United States. The map reports contain detailed information on subjects that characterize the geohydrology of the province, including the ground-water hydrol­ ogy/ ground-water quality, surface distribution of selected rock types, tectonic conditions, areal geophysics, Pleistocene lakes and marshes, and mineral and energy resources. This work is a part of the U.S. Geological Survey's program for geologic and hydrologic evaluation of the Basin and Range to identify poten­ tially suitable regions for further study relative to isolation of high-level nuclear waste (Bedinger, Sargent, and Reed, 1984). This map was prepared, according to the geologic guidelines for the project (Sargent and Bedinger, 1984), from published geologic maps and reports, and from a map in preparation by Robert Scarborough, Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, of the basaltic rocks of Arizona less than 15 million years old. As used in this report, basaltic rocks include principally basalt, basaltic andesite, and diabase, but commonly the younger basaltic deposits contain interbeds of less abundant tuffaceous and sedimentary rocks. In general the map shows the occurrences in Arizona of basaltic rocks 2 million years or more in age, but locally, basalts of Quaternary age are included, where they were not separated from older rocks on the published maps. Occurrences of basalt in numerous wells, mainly in the Phoenix area, are recorded to indicate the presence of basalts beneath the extensive Quaternary surficial cover. In the Description of Map Units, the age, lithologic type, thickness, if known, and sources of data are described for the basaltic rocks within arbitrarily outlined and numbered areas in the counties in the study area. The radiometric ages of the rock units are only those which are available and do not necessarily represent the entire age range of the units.
A Systematic Review of the Scope of Study of mHealth Interventions for Wellness and Related Challenges in Pediatric and Young Adult Populations

Background: Despite the purported advantages and potential efficacy of mHealth interventions to promote wellness in children, adolescents, and young adults, it is not clear what areas have been explored and the challenges reported in the biomedical literature. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of publications between 2015 and 2019. Results: We identified 54 papers that met our inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted in 21 countries and ranged in size from six to 9851 participants (median: 184). A total of 41% of studies enrolled adolescents only (n = 19). Of the seven types of mHealth interventions identified, apps were the most common intervention (59%; n = 32) evaluated and 44% of the studies evaluated two or more interventions. The most common topic of the studies reviewed was sexual and reproductive health (24%; n = 13). Conclusion: Most pediatric mHealth intervention studies are conducted in adolescents in large part, and sexual and reproductive health is the most commonly studied topic. With the easy and widespread accessibility to smartphone technology, the use of mobile apps for wellness interventions will likely continue to expand to other wellness topics.
Pain Assessment in Pediatric Patients – A Literature Review

Introduction. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused by existing or possible tissue damage. Pediatric patients are a sensitive group whose experience of pain is influenced by various other factors, so the assessment and treatment of pain itself is of a different nature than adults. Correct assessment of pain enables adequate treatment and alleviation of complaints. Aim. The aim of the paper was to perform a systematic review of the literature related to the assessment of pain in pediatric patients and to gather available knowledge on the reliability and validity of certain pain assessment methods in one place. Methods. The PubMed database was searched with the aim of finding studies indicating the reliability and validity of the Wong-Baker, VAS, COMFORT and FLACC scales. Included papers are systematic reviews, review articles and research papers published in the period from 2000 to 2020. Languages that were acceptable for the inclusion were English and Croatian. Keywords used for searching the database were pain assessment, pediatrics and pain scales. Results. According to the inclusion criteria for this paper, 9 studies were used in which pediatric patients from birth to 18 years of age were included. The guidelines indicate the clinical reliability of the listed scales with guidance on which scales are
The role of ketotifen in the prevention of testicular damage in rats with experimental unilateral undescended testes

: The aims of this study conducted on rats were to determine mast cell (MC) proliferation on undescended testes (UDTs); whether there is a correlation between MC proliferation and testicular damage; and whether testicular damage can be prevented with administration of an MC blocker. Sixty-five newborn male rats were divided into three groups. During the neonatal period, unilateral UDTs were experimentally induced in Group 2 and Group 3. The rats in Group 3 were given 1 mg/kg/day ketotifen orally until the end of the study. Groups 2 (n = 30) and 3 (n = 15) were divided into groups of ten and five rats, respectively, each of which underwent bilateral orchiectomy in either the prepubertal, pubertal, or adult period. Group 1 (n = 15) underwent a sham operation followed by bilateral orchiectomy, with five rats in each of the prepubertal, pubertal, and adult periods. Testicular MCs in the interstitial and subtubular areas, biopsy scores, interstitial connective tissue, seminiferous tubule (ST) diameters, and the basement membrane thickness of STs were evaluated. In Group 2 the ST diameters in the UDTs decreased, the number of MCs in the interstitial and subtubular areas increased, ST basement membranes thickened, and spermatogenesis decreased. The number of MCs in the interstitial and subtubular areas of the descended testes increased and spermatogenesis decreased. In Group 3, the number of MCs in the interstitial and subtubular areas decreased. In unilateral UDTs, the number of MCs in the interstitial and subtubular areas increased in both testes. Fibrosis developed in the ST basement membranes and interstitial areas, and spermatogenesis deteriorated. Testicular fibrosis may be prevented with administration of an MC blocker.
Examining teacher dispositions and high-leverage practices in university Spanish courses

The quality of instruction in introductory language classes can be widely variable. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to uncover the teacher dispositions and high-leverage teaching practices (HLTPs) enacted by five highly rated university Spanish instructors at a doctoral-level university in the southwestern United States. A series of classroom observations and in-depth interviews were conducted to reveal detailed accounts of introductory language instruction in real time. The findings indicate that highly rated instructors establish meaningful connections with students personally and academically in the target language (TL) and employ a number of HLTPs in their introductory language courses. The findings have implications for language program development, as specific dispositions and HLTPs may contribute to positive language-learning experiences
Single Image Depth Prediction Made Better: A Multivariate Gaussian Take —Supplementary Material—

Our supplementary material accompanies the main paper and is organized as follows. Firstly, it contains detailed mathematical derivations of the proposed loss function and the covariance of the mixture of Gaussian. Secondly, details related to our neural network design and likelihood computation are presented to understand our implementation better. Next, more ablation studies are presented. Finally, visualization of our learned covariance and qualitative SIDP results on several benchmark datasets are presented for completeness
Containers and doses of controlled release fertilizer in the production of radish in a protected environment

The cultivation of radish has aroused interest on the part of agricultural producers, but it is still necessary to develop and improve management practices that allow greater production and quality of tubers. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and production of radishes cultivated in containers of different volumes, filled with substrate enriched with increasing doses of controlled release fertilizer (CRF), in a protected environment of the screened type. The research was carried out in the Didactic Garden of the Federal University of Ceará. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, with three replicates. The plots were constituted by the volumes of containers (31 and 100 cm 3 cell -1 ) and the subplots by the fertilization doses (0, 4, 8, 12 kg m -3 or g l -1 ). The number of leaves, plant height, fresh and dry mass of the shoot, leaf area, chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’, tuber length and diameter, fresh and dry mass of the tuber and yield were evaluated. Plants cultivated in a 100 cm 3 container showed the highest values for all variables and increasing doses of CRF resulted in an increase in radish growth and production. It’s concluded that is possible to produce radish in containers filled with substrate enriched with CRF under protected cultivation conditions of the screened type.
Quaternary Activity of the Cihanbeyli and Yeniceoba Fault Zones: İnönü-Eskişehir Fault System, Central Anatolia

The Inonu-Eskisehir fault system (IEFS) is one of the most important fault systems in Central Anatolia and consists of a series of NW-SE- to WNW-ESE-trending fault zones extending from Uludag (Bursa) in the northwest to Sultanhani in the southeast. Between Inonu and Sivrihisar, the Eskisehir fault zone of the IEFS trends WNW, but east of Sivrihisar the IEFS changes its direction to NW-SE and splays out into four fault zones, named the Ilica, Yeniceoba, Cihanbeyli and Sultanhani fault zones and extends to south of Tuzgolu in the east. The NW-SE-trending Yeniceoba fault zone (YFZ), exposed between Gunyuzu in the west and Yeniceoba in the east, controls the northern margin of the Kelhasan horst and the southern margin of the Yeniceoba basin. Along this fault zone two sets of superimposed slickenlines indicate older pure right-lateral strike-slip faulting and younger normal faulting with a right-lateral component. The NW-SE-trending Cihanbeyli fault zone (CFZ) is well exposed between north of Suluklu in the west and Cihanbeyli in the east. It controls the southern margin of the Kelhasan horst, and is marked by fault scarps, triangular facets, alluvial fans and alignment of springs. Recent detailed field mapping and kinematic analysis along the fault planes between Pliocene lacustrine carbonates and younger fluvial clastic rocks has shown that the CFZ consists of a series of parallel normal faults. However, kinematic analysis of the fault slip-plane data indicates that the fault planes cutting the Pleistocene-Holocene clastic sediments of the Cihanbeyli Graben at the southeastern tip of the CFZ are normal faults with a minor sinistral component. The kinematic analyses of fault-slip data clearly indicate that the area experienced NNE-SSW extension. Recent horizontal terrace deposits cut by a series of steeply-dipping normal faults with minor strike-slip component in Ilhanyayla, Damlakuyu (Corca) village and nearly 4 kilometres southeast of Insuyu village, which are located on the YFZ and CFZ, indicate that the activity of both CFZ and YFZ continues, controlled by NNE-SSE-directed extension, in the Quaternary. The distribution of earthquake epicentres supports this view and suggests recent activity along the fault zones.
Goal imagery: Bridging the gap between implicit motives and explicit goals.

Two studies examined the role of goal imagery (i.e., the perception-like mental representation of the pursuit and attainment of a goal) in establishing congruence between individuals' implicit motives and their incli- nation to pursue explicit goals assigned to them. Study 1 found that after a goal-imagery exercise, implicit needs for power and affiliation predicted par- ticipants' affective arousal and their commitment to a social-interaction goal furnished with power- and affiliation-related incentives. In Study 2, implicit power motivation predicted the level of performance participants achieved in pursuit of a competitive performance goal after a goal-imagery exercise. Without goal imagery, however, participants' motivation to pursue an explicit goal was independent of their implicit motive dispositions in both studies.
Influence of pelleting with micronutrients and botanical on growth, seed yield and quality of vegetable cowpea.

* Part of M.Sc. (Agri.) thesis submitted by the senior author to the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, India. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is an important multipurpose arid grain legume extensively cultivated in arid and semi arid regions of Africa and Asia, which can be utilized as a pulse or green pod vegetable or forage crop, as this crop has inherent defects such as flower shedding, poor pod and seed setting and shrivelling of grains. These may be due to deficiencies of macro and micronutrients, growth promoting substances and attack of biotic factors. To combat these factors seed pelleting seems to be simple technique economically feasible and viable one. Pelleting of seeds with chemical and botanical as filler materials in place of commonly used materials like charcoal, sawdust, sand and lime etc. should be cost effective, non-toxic and environment friendly. Chlorophyll molecules of leaf powder along with amino acid and humic acid present in soil rhizosphere will act as chelating agent and activate growth and development of pelleted seeds leading to higher seed yield and quality (Balaji, 1990). Pelleting of seeds with chemicals reported to control soil borne pests and diseases leading to better crop growth, seed yield and quality in several crops (Gupta and Aneja, 2000). In view of this an investigation on seed pelleting was initiated in cowpea seed production to enhance its productivity and quality of seeds.