Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Leverage Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan yang Dimediasi Profitabilitas

Latar Belakang: Persaingan dunia bisnis yang semakin ketat dan berkembang menjadi salah satu alasan perusahaan berlomba-lomba untuk menampilkan nilai terbaik dari perusahaan. Saat seorang akan menanamkan modalnya perlu melakukan analisis serta melihat bagaimana kondisi suatu perusahaan. Hal ini perlu dilakukan agar dapat diketahui investasi tersebut memberikan keuntungan sesuai harapan atau sebaliknya.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan secara langsung dan pengaruh leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan secara tidak langsung dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel mediasi.Metode Penelitian: Teknik analisis yaitu, regresi data panel (random effect model) mengukur pengaruh langsung indikator variabel independen terhadap dependen. Selanjutnya, sobel test untuk mengukur pengaruh variabel independen terhadap dependen dan pengaruh melalui variabel mediasi.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, kemudian leverage berpengaruh negatif terhadap profitabilitas, sedangkan profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2017-2020. Sedangkan profitabilitas tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2017-2020.Keaslian/Kebaruan Penelitian: Pengukuran setiap variabel hanya menggunakan satu rasio saja, Penelitian selanjutnya dapat menggunakan beberapa rasio leverage untuk menguji kemampuan penjelas dari setiap rasio leverage tersebut. Selain itu hanya digunakan analisis sobel test, diharapkan pada penelitian selanjutnya dapat menggunakan model analisis selain sobel test, seperti path analisis. Selanjutnya pada uji mediasi bisa ditambahkan variabel faktor lain yang terkait dengan profitabilitas sehingga dapat menjelaskan hubungan secara lebih komprehensif. Penelitian ini menggunakan rasio profitabilitas sebagai variabel mediasi yang dikembangkan dari penelitian sebelumnya yang tidak menggunakan variabel mediasi. Variabel mediasi digunakan untuk mengetahui apakah rasio profitabilitas dapat memediasi hubungan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Effect of the addition of thiazolidinedione to sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor therapy on lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study using Korean National Health Insurance Service data

Background: Dyslipidemia is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown that treatment with thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) may help to improve dyslipidemia in T2D patients. In this study, we investigated whether patients treated with TZD and SGLT2-i showed greater improvement in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than those treated with only SGLT2-i.Methods: From the National Health Insurance Service database of Korea, we extracted all patients who first received SGTL2-i from 2014 to 2016. Propensity score matching was performed to balance the two groups: group A (SGTL2-i and TZD, regardless of other antidiabetic medications) and group B (SGTL2-i only without TZD, regardless of other antidiabetic medications). Posttreatment HDL-C levels were compared by the Student t-test.Results: In total, 1,400 T2D patients (700 in each group) were matched by propensity score matching. There was a significant posttreatment increase in HDL-C in group A (49.54±20.03 to 51.6±12.92 mg/dL, P=0.007), but not in group B (49.14±13.52 to 49.1±2.15 mg/dL, P=0.937). Group A also showed significantly higher posttreatment HDL-C levels than group B (51.4±12.92 vs. 49.1±12.15 mg/dL, P<0.001). Regarding the secondary endpoints, posttreatment triglyceride levels were lower (P<0.001), but total cholesterol (P=0.131) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P=0.054) were not different after treatment.Conclusions: The combination of SGTL2-i and TZD may be more effective in ameliorating dyslipidemia in T2D patients than SGLT2-i alone. However, further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
DNA barcoding elucidates the range-extension of the Bangladesh Skittering Frog, Euphlyctis kalasgramensis (Dicroglossidae), in northeast India

321 Copyright is held by the authors. Articles in R&A are made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. The Kalasgram Skittering Frog (Euphlyctis kalasgramensis) is a dicroglossid described from Bangladesh by Howlader et al. (2015). Due to its conserved morphology, E. kalasgramensis had been formerly assigned to the Indian Skittering Frog (E. cyanophlyctis; Sen 2004; Ahmed et al. 2009; Mathew and Sen 2010; Lalremsanga 2011; Saikia and Lyngdoh 2014). With the use of DNA barcoding approaches, especially the mitochondrial gene 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA), this species has been identified and subsequently reported throughout Bangladesh, from western Punjab; Pakistan (Ali et al. 2020); Mizoram, northeastern India (Muansanga 2020); various locations below 2,500 m elevation in Nepal (Khatiwada et al. 2021); and likely as far as Rakhine State, Myanmar (Zug 2022). Lalremsanga (2011) reported 30 different localities of E. kalasgramensis (as E. cyanophlyctis) at elevations ranging from 40–1,460 m throughout Mizoram. The present work, based on morphological studies and DNA barcoding of these specimens, provides an updated distribution for E. kalasgramensis in Mizoram and its first record for Manipur State.
Creative Clusters and Creative Multipliers: Evidence from UK Cities

Abstract Economic geographers have paid much attention to the cultural and creative industries, both for their propensity to cluster in urban settings, and their potential to drive urban economic development. However, evidence on the latter is surprisingly sparse. In this article, we explore the long-term, causal impacts of the cultural and creative industries on surrounding urban economies. Adapting Moretti’s local multipliers framework, we build a new twenty-year panel of UK cities, using historical instruments to identify causal effects of creative activity on noncreative firms and employment. We find that each creative job generates at least 1.9 nontradable jobs between 1998 and 2018. Prior to 2007, these effects seem more rooted in creative services employees’ local spending than visitors to creative amenities. Given the low numbers of creative jobs in most cities, the overall impact of the creative multiplier is small. On average, the creative sector is responsible for over 16 percent of nontradable job growth in our sample, though impacts will be larger in bigger clusters. We do not find the same effects for workplaces, and we find no causal evidence for spillovers from creative activity to other tradable sectors. In turn, this implies that creative city policies will have partial, uneven local economic impacts. Given extensive urban clusters of creative activity in many countries, our results hold value beyond the UK setting.
Factors Influencing Career Choice among Business Administration Students of Pokhara University

Career development theories imply that various factors might influence students' career choices. The study examined the existent factors influencing career choice among business administration students of Pokhara University. A quantitative paradigm guided the study. A purposive sample of 303 undergraduate and postgraduate students participated in the study. The data was collected using the Career Choice Scale (CCS), which looked at the four components of career choice: intrinsic, extrinsic, interpersonal, and institutional influences. The analysis of data was performed with SPSS and Amos. The results demonstrated that four factors, intrinsic factors such as personal interest, advancement in career, and personality traits; extrinsic factors such as prestigious job, well-paying employment, and job security; interpersonal factors such as parental support and influence, the influence of older siblings and peer influence, and institutional factors such as career counseling activities, teachers and educators’ impact; type of academic program offered were found influential factors. The findings may have implications for Nepalese higher education institutions to guide and counsel students interested in a career in management. Understanding how students make career decisions allows efforts to guide students toward more realistic career choices.
PARTICLE DYNAMICS IN THE RECONNECTING HELIOSPHERIC CURRENT SHEET: SOLAR WIND DATA VERSUS THREE-DIMENSIONAL PARTICLE-IN-CELL SIMULATIONS

In this paper, we apply an assumption of the reconnecting heliospheric current sheet (HCS) for explanation of some contradictory results in the experimental detection of the sector boundaries (SBs) from the interplanetary magnetic field and electron pitch-angle measurements. Trajectories, densities, velocity, and pitch-angle distributions of particles accelerated by a super-Dreicer electric field are investigated with 2.5D full kinetic particle-in-cell approach in the HCS assumed to undergo a slow magnetic reconnection process with magnetic field configurations deduced from the solar wind observations. This approach reveals that during motion in a current sheet both kinds of particles, electrons and protons, are to be separated, either fully or partially, with respect to its midplane that can lead to their ejection to the opposite semiplanes that was also observed during the HCS crossings. This separation is found to form Hall's currents and polarization electric field across the current sheet, which distribution over the current sheets allows us to reproduce the magnitudes and temporal profiles of proton and ion velocities measured across the SB (current sheet midplane). This separation process, in turn, divides both kinds of particles on “transit” and “bounced” ones depending on a side of the current sheet where they enter it and where they are supposed to be ejected. The transit and bounced protons reproduce rather closely the measured distributions of proton/ion densities about the current sheet midplane with a larger maximum occurring at the heliospheric SB to be formed by the bounced protons and the other two smaller maximums on both sides from the central one to be formed by “transit” protons. The observed electron distributions of density and energy before and after sector boundary crossings are found to fit the simulated ones for electrons accelerated in a current sheet revealing a sharp increase of density from one side from the HCS boundary and a depression from the other side. The transit electrons are shown to gain energies up to ten of keV while the bounced ones gain only a few tens of eV as often measured in the HCS with a single crossing that results in the bump-in-tail electron distributions leading to Langmuir turbulence. The bounced electrons are shown to be responsible for the increased density of electrons detected at some distance from the HCS boundary (midplane) with the horse shoe-like or medallion- (or locket)-type distributions in pitch angles with the distance, at which electrons turn away from the HCS, being dependent on a magnitude of the guiding magnetic field.
Early feeding strategies in lambs affect rumen development and growth performance, with advantages persisting for two weeks after the transition to fattening diets

This study aimed to explore the effects of early feeding strategies on the growth and rumen development of lambs from pre-weaning to the transition to fattening diets. Ninety-six newborn, male lambs with similar body weights were randomly assigned to three treatments: fed starter at 42 days old + weaned at 56 days old (Ctrl, n = 36), fed starter at 7 days old + weaned at 56 days old (ES, n = 36), and fed starter at 7 days old + weaned at 28 days old (ES + EW, n = 24). The fattening diets of all lambs were gradually replaced from 60 to 70 days of age. Six randomly selected lambs from each treatment were slaughtered at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 days of age. The results showed that the richness and diversity of rumen microbiota of lambs in the Ctrl group were distinct from those of lambs in the other groups at 42 days of age. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed 407, 219, and 1,211 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the rumen tissue of ES vs. Ctrl, ES vs. ES + EW, and ES + EW vs. Ctrl groups, respectively, at 42 days of age. Different early feeding strategies resulted in differences in ruminal anatomy, morphology, and fermentation in lambs from 42 to 84 days of age (P < 0.05). Lambs in the ES + EW group had a higher average starter diet intake than those in the other groups (P < 0.05) from 28 to 56 days of age, which affected their growth performance. After 42 days of age, the body and carcass weights of lambs in the ES and ES + EW groups were higher than those in the Ctrl group (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that feeding lambs with a starter diet at 7 days of age and weaning them at 28 days of age can promote rumen development and improve growth performance, and this advantage persists for up to 2 weeks after transition to the fattening diet.
The Effects of Risk Aversion and Uncertainty Avoidance on Information Search and Brand Preference: Evidence from the Chinese Dairy Market

ABSTRACT For decades, research and practice have recognized the significant effects of risk aversion and uncertainty avoidance on consumer behavior. These two concepts are often used interchangeably and studied as an integrated factor in marketing literature. Despite the relationship between risk aversion and uncertainty avoidance, it is necessary to differentiate between the two concepts to address the inaccuracy in definition and application. This research investigates Chinese dairy consumers who experienced one of the most significant food safety crises in recent years. Based on a structural equation modeling analysis, this study reveals that risk aversion and uncertainty avoidance have different effects on consumers’ information search, perceived quality and brand loyalty. Therefore, future research should recognize the different roles of risk aversion and uncertainty avoidance in consumer behavior. Practitioners should target risk-averse and uncertainty-avoiding consumers as distinct groups, based on different marketing communication campaigns.
Accessibility to and utilization of maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) services by rural women: A case study of health centres in Mutare district based on the 3 delays model

(MNCH) services. Rural areas in Zimbabwe have had high prevalence of home deliveries and pregnancy related complications associated with lack of access to and utilization of MNCH services, resulting in high maternal, stillbirths, new-born, neonatal and infant mortality rates. Access to and utilisation of MNCH services and facilities by rural based pregnant women has been limited by several issues that have been explored and assessed in the Primary Health Care clinics. However, the 3 delays (seek, access and receive health service) effects on the factors affecting health care and outcomes remain largely unclear in rural settings. Qualitative and quantitative methods research was conducted in Mutare district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe. Data collection tools including interviews questionnaires and focus group discussion guides were used to show how the three delays affected health service access in the district. GraphPad InStat Software and Statistical Package for Social Science were used for data analysis. Religious and cultural beliefs contributed to patient delays in seeking healthcare. With long distances and lack of transport attributed to Delays 1 and 2 with, drug unavailability, up-to date equipment and delay causing Delay 3. The patient, the provider and health systems were critical in accessibility, utilization and linkages of MNCH with other health services being crucial for achieving 4th and 5th Millennium Development Goals the targets.
Emotional processes, leadership, gender and workplace affect in interdisciplinary teams

The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of emotional skills and gender in workplace affect through non-hierarchical level and multilevel analyses. Data was collected through self-report questionnaires completed by 19 directors and 128 subordinates working in interdisciplinary teams of Centers of Educational and Counselling Support. At non-hierarchical level, higher order emotional abilities (use and regulate emotions) were positively related to positive affect at workplace. Negative affect was negatively associated with the ability to regulate emotions and positively with the strategy of emotional suppression. At multilevel analyses, cognitive reappraisal emerged as a significant predictor for both the positive and negative affect (inversed) of the subordinates. Gender differences were observed at multilevel analyses. We tempt to explore possible tensions between emotional competencies and emotional outcomes (workplace affect) both at non-hierarchical level and managerial level in interdisciplinary teams. Training programs may promote group emotional empowerment and focus on higher order emotional skills. Managerial level training programs could also go deep in cognitive reappraisal of the emotions as an emotion regulation strategy that promotes safer emotional affect at workplace.
Metabolic Inflexibility as a Pathogenic Basis for Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia, is closely intertwined with metabolic abnormalities. Recently, a metabolic paradox in AF pathogenesis has been suggested: under different forms of pathogenesis, the metabolic balance shifts either towards (e.g., obesity and diabetes) or away from (e.g., aging, heart failure, and hypertension) fatty acid oxidation, yet they all increase the risk of AF. This has raised the urgent need for a general consensus regarding the metabolic changes that predispose patients to AF. “Metabolic flexibility” aptly describes switches between substrates (fatty acids, glucose, amino acids, and ketones) in response to various energy stresses depending on availability and requirements. AF, characterized by irregular high-frequency excitation and the contraction of the atria, is an energy challenge and triggers a metabolic switch from preferential fatty acid utilization to glucose metabolism to increase the efficiency of ATP produced in relation to oxygen consumed. Therefore, the heart needs metabolic flexibility. In this review, we will briefly discuss (1) the current understanding of cardiac metabolic flexibility with an emphasis on the specificity of atrial metabolic characteristics; (2) metabolic heterogeneity among AF pathogenesis and metabolic inflexibility as a common pathological basis for AF; and (3) the substrate-metabolism mechanism underlying metabolic inflexibility in AF pathogenesis.
Visceral adiposity-related dietary patterns and the risk of cardiovascular disease in Iranian adults: A population-based cohort study

Background Visceral obesity is a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Diet may associate with CVD risk through its effects on visceral adiposity. This study aimed to find dietary patterns (DPs) related to indicators of visceral adiposity and to determine whether the DPs were associated with CVD risk. Methods This prospective study included 2,496 participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) without CVD, who were followed from the third study examination (2005–2008; baseline) to March 2018. DPs at baseline were determined using reduced rank regression (RRR) and partial least squares regression (PLS). The response variables were age and BMI-adjusted waist circumference (WC) and age-adjusted visceral adiposity index (VAI). Results Two and three DPs were retained with RRR and PLS, respectively. The first patterns of each method were mainly characterized by adjusted-WC (RRR: 10.8%, PLS: 8.6%); none of them were associated with CVD risk. The second pattern of RRR and the third pattern of PLS were mainly explained by adjusted-VAI (RRR: 3.3, PLS: 2.1%). After adjusting for CVD risk factors, the hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for CVD in the second and third tertiles of the RRR-pattern 2 were 1.76 (1.15, 2.69) and 1.55 (1.00, 2.43) vs. the first tertile (p-trend: 0.058). This pattern had high positive loadings for non-leafy vegetables, pickled vegetables, fried vegetables, and bread and high negative loadings for eggs, cakes, butter, jam-honey, red meat, poultry, fish, juice, non-fermented dairy, and fruits. Per one SD increase in PLS-pattern 3 score, the risk of CVD was 19% higher (95%CI = 3–38%). This positive association was also observed across tertiles of the pattern (p-trend: 0.032). This pattern was characterized by high intakes of leafy vegetables, non-leafy vegetables, organ meat, soft drinks, olive oil, pickled vegetables, fried vegetables, and bread and low intakes of biscuits, cakes, butter, eggs, and non-fermented dairy. Conclusion For each of the RRR and PLS approaches, a visceral-related DP that was positively linked to CVD was identified. These two patterns had a modest correlation. The pattern generated by PLS explained more variations in food groups and offered stronger evidence of association with CVD than the RRR-derived pattern.
Management of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting-Related Obstetric Complications: A Training Evaluation

Although female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a prevalent practice in Liberia, healthcare workers lack the capacity to provide adequate care for FGM/C survivors. Therefore, Liberian nurses, physician assistants, midwives and trained traditional midwives were trained in sexual, obstetric and psychosocial care for FGM/C survivors in 2019. Through questionnaires, we assessed knowledge acquisition, trainee attitudes towards FGM/C care and acceptability to implement WHO-endorsed recommendations. The questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and an inductive approach for qualitative data. A total of 99 female and 34 male trainees participated. Most trainees perceived FGM/C as harmful to women’s health, as a violation of women’s rights and showed a willingness to change their clinical practice. While 82.8% (n = 74/90) perceived their role in advocating against FGM/C, 10.0% (n = 9/90) felt that they should train traditional circumcisers to practice FGM/C safely. The pre-training FGM/C knowledge test demonstrated higher scores among physician assistants (13.86 ± 3.02 points) than among nurses (12.11 ± 3.12 points) and midwives (11.75 ± 2.27 points). After the training, the mean test score increased by 1.69 points, from 12.18 (±2.91) points to 13.87 (±2.65) points. The trainings successfully increased theoretical knowledge of FGM/C-caused health effects and healthcare workers’ demonstrated willingness to implement evidence-based guidelines when providing care to FMG/C survivors.