Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Seismic Studies in the Western Part of the Baltic Shield

The Caledonides form an ancient orogenic belt at the western margin of the Balticshield and in Scotland. They are the result of a three-part continent collision thattook place c. 430-390 million years ago. Later extension events have heavily over-printed, and in some areas completely removed, a mountain chain that probablyhad dimensions similar to the Himalayas today.In order to understand the tectonic processes involved in the collision and tomap what is still visible today, deep seismic data were acquired along profile lines that cross the border zone between the undeformed Baltic Shield and the accreted continents.The seismic method is one of the most important geophysical tools used toimage the structure of the deep crust and lithosphere. The combined use of wide angle seismics and reflection seismics provides reliable information on the velocity distribution and the smaller scale reflectivity pattern in the crystalline crust.This dissertation focusses on the wide-angle seismic data which are used to create two-dimensional velocity models along profiles in the southeastern North Sea and in the central Scandinavian Caledonides. The North Sea models are used to depth migrate the reflection seismic data. Thanks to the profile geometry, new insights contribute to the knowledge on the collision process. In the Scandinavian Caledonides, features in the upper part of the velocity model correlate well with other geophysical results and reveal the crustal thickness, which could not be resolved by other methods. This work contributes substantial new insights to the understanding of the processes involved in the Caledonian orogeny.
DETERMINE THE LUMINOUS REQUIREMENTS FOR RETROREFLECTIVE HIGHWAY SIGNING

This research effort which investigated the effect of reflectivity on sign legibility, addressed several specific questions: what is the range of acceptable legend and/or background luminosity for effective signing? How does this range vary as a function of sign characteristics, road geometry, and environmental conditions? Can an optimum luminosity be specified for each situation? When, according to luminosity criteria, should a sign be replaced? The study used a laboratory simulation validated by a field study. Findings regarding predictive legibility curves, selection of signing materials, effects of sign position, correction for stream traffic effects, and corrections for background color are detailed. It was found that sign legibility is determined by a number of factors among the most important of which are the luminance characteristics. Although highly reflective sign backgrounds have the potential of providing somewhat greater legibility distance than nonreflective or moderately reflective backgrounds, any background material is capable of yielding satisfactory legibility distance. Findings regarding signs with white legends, black backgrounds, black legends, background color, surround luminance, and differences in people's ability to read highway signs are outlined.
EPHA2 MUTATIONS CONTRIBUTE TO CONGENITAL CATARACT THROUGH DIVERSE MECHANISMS

Purpose Congenital cataract is a leading cause of childhood blindness. Mutations in the EPHA2 gene are one of the causes of inherited congenital cataract. The EPHA2 gene encodes a membrane-bound tyrosine kinase receptor and is highly expressed in epithelial cells, including in the ocular lens. Signaling through the EPHA2 receptor plays a pivotal role in epithelial cell homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of congenital cataract causing mutations in the EPHA2 gene on the encoded protein in epithelial cells. Methods The effect of five disease-causing mutations, p.P584L (c.1751C>T), p.T940I (c.2819C>T), p.D942fsXC71 (c.2826–9G>A), p.A959T (c.2875G>A), and p.V972GfsX39 (c.2915_2916delTG), on localization of the protein was examined in two in vitro epithelial cell culture systems: Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) epithelial cells. Myc-tagged mutant constructs were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based mutagenesis. The Myc-tagged wild-type construct was used as a control. The Myc-tagged wild-type and mutant proteins were ectopically expressed and detected by immunofluorescence labeling. Results Two of the mutations, p.T940I and p.D942fsXC71, located within the cytoplasmic sterile-α-motif (SAM) domain of EPHA2, led to mis-localization of the protein to the perinuclear space and co-localization with the cis-golgi apparatus, indicating sub-organellar/cellular retention of the mutant proteins. The mutant proteins carrying the remaining three mutations, similar to the wild-type EPHA2, localized to the cell membrane. Conclusions Mis-localization of two of the mutant proteins in epithelial cells suggests that some disease-causing mutations in EPHA2 likely affect lens epithelial cell homeostasis and contribute to cataract. This study suggests that mutations in EPHA2 contribute to congenital cataract through diverse mechanisms.
A randomized controlled trial of low-dose recombinant human growth hormone in the treatment of malnourished elderly medical patients.

High-dose recombinant human GH (rhGH) has been shown to improve the nutritional status of malnourished older adults. It is uncertain whether low-dose rhGH is effective and whether its effect on nutritional status will lead to any improvement in physical function. There is also no data on the outcome after a short course of rhGH treatment. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of low-dose rhGH treatment for 4 weeks in malnourished elderly patients, its effect on physical functions, and the intermediate term outcome after a 4-week rhGH treatment. The study design was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial conducted in a university teaching hospital. The patients were 19 medically stable malnourished elderly subjects. Intervention in the rhGH group was as follows: rhGH (Saizen, Serono, Switzerland) 0.09 IU/kg body weight (BW) 3 times weekly were given together with appropriate dietary intervention as prescribed by the dietitian. In the placebo group, equal volumes of norma.
Life History of Emerita Brasiliensis (Decapoda: Hippidae) on Two Beaches With Different Morphodynamic Characteristics

Aspects of life history of Emerita brasiliensis were studied by monthly sampling from June 1998 through May 1 999, at Grumari (23° 03 ' S; 43° 30' W) and Restinga da Marambaia (23° 03 ' S; 43° 36' W) beaches, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Two transects were established, each with ten levels parallel to the waterline. From each level five replicates were taken with a 0.04 m2 sampler. Highest population densities were observed in spring and summer on both sandy beaches. No significant difference was observed between the beaches of Grumari (reflective) and Restinga da Marambaia (intermediate), in abundance, mean length at sexual maturity (L50) or life span. The instantaneous mortality was significantly higher for females on Grumari. This higher mortality is probably related to adverse physical characteristics, typical of reflective beaches which have a narrower surf zone and a more abrupt slope. Lower recruitment and growth rates for both sexes were also observed in Grumari beach. The life history and population features of beach-dwelling species may respond to beach morphodynamics differently from sandy beach communities. Populations of macrofaunal species are affected by physical factors (morphodynamics) in different ways according to the biology of each species, or simply are independent of beach dynamics.
Leadership and Gender in the Public Sector: The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction

Topics on gender and leadership style have attracted many researchers from various field of study particularly in psychology and management discipline. Gender and leadership is one of the most controversial issues especially in the public sector organizations. Furthermore, research that focus on gender role is scarce in Malaysia particularly in an enforcement agency. Women are found to be struggling to exercise effective leadership style in an agency that is highly perceived as masculine position. The constructs of the study were adapted from Korabik and Ayman Multi-Perspective Model of Gender and Leadership (2007). The model consists of three (3) main variables namely intrapsychic process, social structural, and interpersonal interactions. The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) to examine the level of employee acceptance towards male and female bosses; (2) to examine the effect of intrapsychic process, social structural, and interpersonal interactions against employee acceptance towards male and female bosses; and (3) To examine the mediating effect of job satisfaction between intrapsychic process, social structural, and interpersonal interactions on employee acceptance towards male and female bosses. Data were collected through structured questionnaire from 300 samples of employees in Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) Pahang Headquarter ranging from sub-inspector rank and below to represents the population for this study. Findings obtained in this study revealed that the level of employees’ acceptance towards their bosses is at moderate level. It was also found that social structural is the most influential predictor of employee acceptance towards their leader. Further analysis also found that job satisfaction is a significant mediator.
Monetary Policy and Asset Prices: More Bad News for Benign Neglect

In this paper we explore the optimal policy reaction to boom-bust cycles in asset prices. Bordo and Jeanne (2002a, b) point to the risks of a reactive strategy that only mitigates the consequences of a crisis if and when it occurs. Acting pre-emptively by rigorously counteracting the build-up of the crisis scenario may be superior in welfare terms. We show that even a purely reactive monetary policy must involve an ex ante response to a possible asset price crash. The reason, however, is not the attempt to avoid real and financial disruption but to react optimally to changes in the private sector's expectations. Furthermore, we find that the welfare losses of a reactive strategy increase when forward-looking expectations are taken into account, while the welfare implications of a proactive strategy do not change. Copyright 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Sexually Explicit Internet Material and Adolescents’ Sexual Uncertainty: The Role of Disposition-Content Congruency

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Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery in Mouse Models of Circadian Disruption

3 Background/Objectives: . 3 Subjects/Methods: . 3 Results: . 3 Conclusions: . 3 Introduction . 3 Materials and methods . 5 Study design . 5 Animals . 5 Light protocols . 5 Automated behavioral measurements . 5 Glucose tolerance test . 6 Vertical sleeve gastrectomy . 6 Lipid analysis . 6 Body weight and food intake measurements . 6 Macronutrient preference . 6 Statistics . 6 Results . 7 Genetic model of circadian disruption. 7 Body weight and fat mass . 7 Food intake and meal patterns . 7 Locomotor activity and activity patterns . 8 Energy expenditure . 9 Glucose analysis . 9 Lipid analysis . 10 Environmental model of circadian disruption . 10 Body weight and fat mass . 10 Food intake and meal patterns . 11 Locomotor activity and activity patterns . 12 Energy expenditure . 12 Glucose analysis . 13 Macronutrient preference . 14 Discussion. 14 Acknowledgements . 16 Author Contributions . 16 References . 16 Metabolic effects of bariatric surgery in mouse models of circadian disruption D M Arble Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI D A Sandoval Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI F W Turek Neurobiology and Neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL S C Woods Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH R J Seeley Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
Cyberbullying aggressors among Spanish secondary education students: an exploratory study

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the prevalence rate of adolescents engaging in aggressive behaviours towards their peers using the Internet and mobile phones, while examining the duration and intensity of this cyberbullying, and to analyse differences in cyberbullying behaviours based on gender and age (academic grades). Research on cyberbullying indicates that it is a global problem that is increasing dramatically among adolescents. Design/methodology/approach – The sample was composed of 1,415 Spanish adolescents of both sexes (760 boys and 655 girls) between 12 and 17 years old (M = 13.9 years old; SD = 1.4). Findings – The results indicated that the cyberbullying prevalence among adolescents in the past year was 32 per cent. Likewise, the data suggest that boys and students in their fourth year of secondary education (15-17 years old) perpetrated cyberbullying on their peers more than girls and students in lower grades. Research limitations/implications – The results presented in this research sh.
ABUNDANCE OF HUMPBACK WHALES IN HAWAIIAN WATERS: RESULTS OF 1993-2000 AERIAL SURVEYS

Summary of Flight Dates for 1993, 1995, 1998 and 2000 Surveys Survey No. 1993 Dates 1995 Dates 1998 Dates_________ 2000 Dates . 1 Feb 21, 22, 23, 24, 26 Feb 28, Mar 1, 2, 3, 4 Feb 21, 24, 25, 27, Mar 1 Feb 21, 22, 24, 26 2 Mar 4, 5, 6, 8 Mar 8, 9, 10, 11 Mar 5, 6, 7, 8 Mar 4, 5, 6, 8 3 Mar 15, 16 Mar 18, 20, 23, 24, 25 Mar 13, 14, 15, 16 Mar 14, 15, 16, 20 4 Mar 24, 25, 26 Apr 1, 2, 3, 7 Apr 6, 7, 8, 17 Mar 29, 31, Apr 6, 7, 8 Data protocol . Location data from an onboard GPS receiver and altitude data from a radar altimeter were downloaded directly onto a laptop computer. Remaining data were manually recorded by the data recorder onto data sheets and later merged with the location and altitude data. Location and altitude data were automatically recorded at 30-sec intervals and manually recorded whenever a sighting occurred.
The investigation of factors related to suicide attempts in Southeastern Turkey

Background Suicide is an important health problem in Turkey as it is in all regions of the world. Suicidal behavior has multiple causes, which are broadly divided into those related to proximal stressors and those due to predisposition. Suicide statistics may be associated with mental health disorders, which are among the foremost predictors of suicide attempts. More than 90% of patients who commit suicide have a diagnosable psychiatric disorder, usually a major depressive disorder. Other major risk factors for suicide attempts are history of suicide attempts in the family, stressful life events, sleep disturbances, poor income, unemployment, severity of symptoms of depression, and anxiety. Sleep is a complex phenomenon. Sleep disturbances can therefore be contributed to the emergence of suicidal behavior allowing for the possibility of predicting future suicides. Methods We evaluated 106 patients who were admitted after suicide attempts to the Department of Psychiatry at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine. The recruited subjects were assessed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, and the intensity of symptoms was evaluated using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The mean values of the subjects attempting multiple and single suicides were compared using appropriate inferential statistical tests. Results Most suicide attempts are believed to be preventable. Our results revealed that a great variety of risk factors are associated with an increased risk for multiple suicide attempts. Most of these attempts appeared to be spontaneous and impulsive rather than planned. In particular, this study highlights the importance of previous suicide attempts, history of suicide in the family, history of stressful life events in the previous 6 months, poor income, unemployment, sleep disturbances, severe hopelessness with depression, and coexisting symptoms of anxiety as risk factors. Conclusion The first step in prevention of suicides is doubtlessly strong and reliable communication, due to the fact that the majority of subjects who commit suicide have had contact with a health professional during the month before the suicide.
Introduction to â€œTSUNAMI TOURISMâ€: Notes from Aceh, Indonesia

The 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake with magnitude of 9.0 â€“ 9.3 on the Richter Scale triggered a big tsunami that killed more than 200,000 people all over the world. Aceh (or its full name is Aceh Darussalam province) is the area hardest-hit by the tsunami then which caused the loss of around 170,000 local people and destroyed many buildings and infrastructures. After the tsunami, Aceh become well-known all over the world. The geohazard, however, has inspired Aceh authority and supported by Indonesia government and foreign countries to build some tsunami-related sites such as the Aceh Tsunami Museum, the Tsunami Educational Park, the Tsunami Inundation Monuments, the fishing boat atop a ruined house, and the â€œAceh Thanks the Worldâ€ Memorial Park. The curiosity about the tragedy is driving a new kind of tourism, i.e. tsunami tourism. This paper will expose about the occurrence of the 2004 Aceh earthquake and tsunami, the emergence of tsunami tourism, and the tsunami-related sites. These sites are important not only as the centres of tsunami education and symbolic reminders of the 2004 tsunami, but also as new tourism spots in Aceh.
Роль мозгового нейротрофического фактора BDNF и его рецептора TrkB в устойчивости нейронов гиппокампа к ишемии-реперфузии (экспериментальное исследование)

Мозговой нейротрофический фактор (BDNF) и его рецептор TrkB играют важную роль в восстановлении функции мозга при различных патологических воздействиях, включая ишемию. Цель исследования: оценка содержания BDNF и его рецептора TrkB в популяциях пирамидных нейронов гиппокампа в постреанимационном периоде и выявление роли этих факторов в устойчивости нейронов к ишемии. Материал и методы. У белых половозрелых крыс-самцов, перенесших 10-минутную остановку сердца, на разных сроках постреанимационного периода (1-е, 4-е, 7-е, 14-е сутки) исследовали состояние популяций пирамидных нейронов полей СА1 и СА4 гиппокампа. Контролем служили ложнооперированные животные. С помощью иммуноцитохимических методов выявляли иммунореактивность к белкам BDNF и TrkB. На основании визуальной оценки и анализа оптической плотности выделяли типы нейронов с разной интенсивностью окраски: слабой (BDNF–, TrkB–), умеренной (BDNF+, TrkB+) и сильной (BDNF++, TrkB++). Определяли общую плотность нейронов и число клеток с разной иммунореактивностью к исследуемыхм белкам на 1 мм длины. В работе использовали микроскоп Olympus BX-41, программы Image Scope М, ImageJ 1,48v, MS Excel. Статистическую обработку данных проводили в программе Statistica 7.0. Результаты. У реанимированных животных в сравнении с контролем в обоих исследованных полях гиппокампа наблюдали снижение общей плотности популяции пирамидных нейронов: в поле СА1 — на 4-е сутки после остановки сердца (на 26%), в поле СА4 — на 7-е сутки (на 38,5%). Выявили, что в поле СА4 на 4-е сутки в 2 раза возрастало число BDNF+-нейронов, а число BDNF++-нейронов снижалось. На 7-е сутки резко снижалось число BDNF–-клеток, число BDNF+-клеток уменьшалось до контрольного уровня, а число BDNF++-нейронов оставалось сниженным относительно контроля. В поле СА1 на 4-е сутки наблюдали снижение числа BDNF–и BDNF+-клеток при сохранении числа BDNF++-нейронов. На 14-е сутки выявленные изменения сохранялись. При анализе иммунореактивности к белку TrkB в поле СА4 на 7-е сутки постреанимационного периода выявили уменьшение числа TrkB–-клеток по сравнению с контролем. К 14-м суткам было снижено число не только TrkB–-нейронов, но и TrkB+-клеток при сохранении числа TrkB++-нейронов на уровне контроля. В поле СА1 на 4-е сутки после реанимации наблюдали уменьшение числа TrkB+-нейронов, на 7-е сутки — уменьшение числа как TrkB+, так и TrkB–-нейронов. К 14-м суткам число TrkB–-нейронов оставалось сниженным. Число TrkB++-нейронов при этом сохранялось на контрольном уровне за все время наблюдения. Заключение. Полученные результаты указывают на то, что устойчивость нейронов к ишемии-реперфузии ассоциирована с содержанием в них белков BDNF и TrkB. Снижение общей плотности нейронов в постреанимационном периоде происходило как в поле СА1, так и в поле СА4 гиппокампа, при этом гибели подвергались только клетки с минимальным и умеренным содержанием исследуемых белков. Нейроны с наибольшим содержанием белков BDNF и TrkB выживали.
ASSOCIAÇÃO MÉDICA BRASILEIRA

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of urinary incontinency (UI) in pregnant women and its relationship with socio-demographic variables and quality of life. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted to investigate 495 women using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form (ICIQ-SF). The survey was conducted on the same day of delivery, with the volunteers still in the maternity ward. Statistical analysis of the comparison between groups 1 (incontinence) and 2 (continent) was done using chi-square test for comparison of proportions of women with and without urinary incontinency and logistic regression analysis. Results: From the total of 495 women studied, 352 (71%) reported having had UI during the last four weeks of pregnancy. Group 1 presented the ICIQ-SF median score of 11 (range 321), considered as severe impact in quality of life. Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a closer relation between the self-report of UI with the following variables: level of education below 8 years (OR: 2.99; p < 0.001), black women (OR: 2.32; p= 0.005), women with more than 3 children (OR: 4.93; p < 0.001), obese (OR: 4.22; p < 0.001) and normal vaginal delivery (OR: 2.59; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The majority of pregnant women have UI, negatively affecting the quality of their
DsM-5 PTsD and posttraumatic stress spectrum in italian emergency personnel: correlations with work and social adjustment

: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) has recently recognized a particular risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among first responders (criterion A4), acknowledging emergency units as stressful places of employment. Little data is yet available on DSM-5 among emergency health operators. The aim of this study was to assess DSM-5 symptomatological PTSD and posttraumatic stress spectrum, as well as their impact on work and social functioning, in the emergency staff of a major university hospital in Italy. One hundred and ten subjects (doctors, nurses, and health-care assistants) were recruited at the Emergency Unit of the Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana (Italy) and assessed by the Trauma and Loss Spectrum-Self Report (TALS-SR) and Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). A 15.7% DSM-5 symptomatological PTSD prevalence rate was found. Nongraduated persons reported significantly higher TALS-SR Domain IV (reaction to loss or traumatic events) scores and a significantly higher proportion of individuals presenting at least one maladaptive behavior (TALS-SR Domain VII), with respect to graduate ones. Women reported significantly higher WSAS scores. Significant correlations emerged between PTSD symptoms and WSAS total scores among health-care assistants, nongraduates and women. Our results showed emergency workers to be at risk for posttraumatic stress spectrum and related work and social impairment, particularly among women and nongraduated subjects.