Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the Complexity of Endometriosis: Insights into its Multifactorial Etiology and Clinical Management

Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. The etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis involve multiple factors, including genetic, hormonal, immunological, and environmental factors. This review article focuses on the multifactorial aspects of endometriosis and provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge in the field. The article discusses the genetic basis of endometriosis, highlighting the role of specific genes and genetic variants in the pathogenesis of the disease. It also reviews the immunological factors that contribute to the development and environmental factors such as toxins, diet, and lifestyle are also discussed concerning their potential impact on endometriosis. Finally, the article examines the clinical management of endometriosis, including current treatments and emerging therapies. In summary, this review article provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the multifactorial aspects of endometriosis, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of this complex disease.
The influence of shame in the psychological well-being of asexual people who experienced discrimination: A mediation model

Abstract:Research on sexual minorities has demonstrated that they face greater risks of experiencing poorer mental health due to minority stress factors, but there has been limited investigation into how these factors affect the well-being of asexual individuals. This study addressed this gap by examining whether shame played a mediating role in the relationship between discrimination and the mental health outcomes (i.e., social anxiety and psychological distress) of asexual individuals, as well as whether social support moderated the association between discrimination and shame. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected through an online questionnaire as part of the VisaJe project, which examined the stigmatization of sexually inexperienced emerging adults. Validated scales were used to measure the study variables among a sample of 177 asexual individuals aged between 18 and 42. Structural equation modelling revealed that social support did not have a moderating effect on the relationship between discrimination and shame. However, after controlling for variables such as social support, gender, developmental period and ethnic minority status, the results indicated that shame partially mediated the relationship between discrimination and psychological distress, and fully mediated the relationship between discrimination and social anxiety. These findings indicate that asexual individuals face similar pathways linking discrimination to mental health, mirroring those observed in other sexual minority groups, as they derogate from the norms of compulsory sexuality. However, general support may not serve as a protective factor for asexual individuals facing discrimination. The implications of these findings for future studies and professional practice are discussed.
EFFECT OF END RESTRAINT ON HIGH PRESSURE TESTS OF GRANULAR MATERIALS

Comparative drained triaxial tests at high confining pressures were carried out on a strong- and weak-grained granular material with 'rough' and 'lubricated' ends. The results indicated that the stress-strain relationships are significantly influenced by the end conditions. The use of 'lubricated' ends for high pressure tests results in much more uniform distribution of stress, strain, volume change, and crushing of particles throughout the samples.
Comparative Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiling Reveal Mechanisms of Red Leaf Color Fading in Populus × euramericana cv. ‘Zhonghuahongye’

Anthocyanins are among the flavonoids that serve as the principal pigments affecting the color of plants. During leaf growth, the leaf color of ‘Zhonghuahongye’ gradually changes from copper-brown to yellow-green. At present, the mechanism of color change at different stages has not yet been discovered. To find this, we compared the color phenotype, metabolome, and transcriptome of the three leaf stages. The results showed that the anthocyanin content of leaves decreased by 62.5% and the chlorophyll content increased by 204.35%, 69.23%, 155.56% and 60%, respectively. Differential metabolites and genes were enriched in the pathway related to the synthesis of ‘Zhonghuahongye’ flavonoids and anthocyanins and to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Furthermore, 273 flavonoid metabolites were detected, with a total of eight classes. DFR, FLS and ANS downstream of anthocyanin synthesis may be the key structural genes in reducing anthocyanin synthesis and accumulation in the green leaf of ‘Zhonghuahongye’. The results of multi-omics analysis showed that the formation of color was primarily affected by anthocyanin regulation and its related synthesis-affected genes. This study preliminarily analyzed the green regression gene and metabolic changes in ‘Zhonghuahongye’ red leaves and constitutes a reference for the molecular breeding of ‘Zhonghuahongye’ red leaves.
Effect of Spirulina in Bread Formulated with Wheat Flours of Different Alveograph Strength

Consumers within the EU are increasingly asking for natural and healthier food products, which are additive-free and environmentally friendly. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira sp.) in bread formulated with four wheat flours with different alveograph strengths. The flours used were Manitoba Flour (00/251), Ground-force wholemeal (Whole/126), Standard Bakery Flour (0/W105), and Organic Bakery Flour (2/W66). Powdered Spirulina biomass was used as a new ingredient with a high nutritional profile and bioactive compounds; incorporation was made at two levels: 1.5% and 2.5% of the flour amount. The same bread recipe was used for all formulations, but for the 1.5 and 2.5% variations, 6 g and 10 g of Spirulina were added, respectively. Antioxidant capacity increased with increasing microalgal biomass. The visual and taste attributes of the breads with microalgae underwent noticeable changes compared to their counterparts without microalgae. Biomass addition significantly (p < 0.05) affected bread weight and volume, and different trends were found based on the type of wheat flour. Spirulina-containing breads showed a greener coloration while the microalgae concentration was augmented. The moisture and texture were slightly affected by the addition of the biomass at both levels. The 2.5% concentration samples were well accepted in most cases by consumers, emphasizing the salty flavor as a pleasant feature. No significant sensory differences were observed between samples, and the acceptability index was always higher than 72%. The results show that Spirulina could be an environmentally friendly ingredient for the reformulation of nutritionally enhanced bread with a good texture that is well-accepted by consumers.
Quantifying the skill of CMIP5 models in simulating seasonal albedo and snow cover evolution

Effectively modeling the influence of terrestrial snow on climate in general circulation models is limited by imperfect knowledge and parameterization of arctic and subarctic climate processes and a lack of reliable observations for model evaluation and improvement. This study uses a number of satellite‐derived data sets to evaluate how well the current generation of climate models from the Fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) simulate the seasonal cycle of climatological snow cover fraction (SCF) and surface albedo over the Northern Hemisphere snow season (September–June). Using a variety of metrics, the CMIP5 models are found to simulate SCF evolution better than that of albedo. The seasonal cycle of SCF is well reproduced despite substantial biases in simulated surface albedo of snow‐covered land (αsfc_snow), which affect both the magnitude and timing of the seasonal peak in αsfc_snow during the fall snow accumulation period, and the springtime snow ablation period. Insolation weighting demonstrates that the biases in αsfc_snow during spring are of greater importance for the surface energy budget. Albedo biases are largest across the boreal forest, where the simulated seasonal cycle of albedo is biased high in 15/16 CMIP5 models. This bias is explained primarily by unrealistic treatment of vegetation masking and subsequent overestimation (more than 50% in some cases) of peak αsfc_snow rather than by biases in SCF. While seemingly straightforward corrections to peak αsfc_snow could yield significant improvements to simulated snow albedo feedback, changes in αsfc_snow could potentially introduce biases in other important model variables such as surface temperature.
Hypercapnia increases ACE2 expression and pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 entry in bronchial epithelial cells by augmenting cellular cholesterol

Patients with chronic lung disease, obesity, and other co-morbid conditions are at increased risk of severe illness and death when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hypercapnia, the elevation of CO2 in blood and tissue, commonly occurs in patients with severe acute and chronic lung disease, including those with pulmonary infections, and is also associated with high mortality risk. We previously reported that hypercapnia increases viral replication and mortality of influenza A virus infection in mice. We have also shown that culture in elevated CO2 upregulates expression of cholesterol synthesis genes in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Interestingly, factors that increase the cholesterol content of lipid rafts and lipid droplets, platforms for viral entry and assembly, enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the current study, we investigated the effects of hypercapnia on ACE2 expression and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus (p-SARS-CoV-2) into airway epithelial cells. We found that hypercapnia increased ACE2 expression and p-SARS-CoV-2 uptake by airway epithelium in mice, and in cultured VERO and human bronchial epithelial cells. Hypercapnia also increased total cellular and lipid raft-associated cholesterol in epithelial cells. Moreover, reducing cholesterol synthesis with inhibitors of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) or statins, and depletion of cellular cholesterol, each blocked the hypercapnia-induced increases in ACE2 expression and p-SARS-CoV-2 entry into epithelial cells. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) also increased ACE2 expression, p-SARS-CoV-2 entry and cholesterol accumulation in epithelial cells, an effect not additive to that of hypercapnia, but also inhibited by statins. These findings reveal a mechanism that may account, in part, for poor clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with advanced lung disease and hypercapnia, and in those who smoke cigarettes. Further, our results suggest the possibility that cholesterol-lowering therapies may be of particular benefit in patients with hypercapnia when exposed to or infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Transcriptome Profiling of Etridiazole-Exposed Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos Reveals Pathways Associated with Cardiac and Ocular Toxicities

Etridiazole (EDZ) is a thiadiazole-containing fungicide commonly used to control Pythium and Phytophthora spp. Although previous studies have shown that EDZ is teratogenic, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying its toxicity remain unknown. In this study, a zebrafish (Danio rerio; ZF) model was used to explore the molecular pathways associated with EDZ toxicity. The whole transcriptome of ZF embryos exposed to 96 h of EDZ was analyzed, along with developmental abnormalities. EDZ-induced malformations were primarily related to the eyes, heart, and growth of the ZF. Compared to untreated ZF, etridiazole-treated ZF had 2882 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), consisting of 1651 downregulated genes and 1231 upregulated genes. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were involved in biological processes, such as sensory perception, visual perception, sensory organ development, and visual system development, and showed transmembrane transporter and peptidase regulator activities. Metabolism, phototransduction, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, MAPK signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and vascular smooth muscle contraction were among the most enriched KEGG pathways. The qPCR analyses of the eight random genes were in good agreement with the transcriptome data. These results suggest several putative mechanisms underlying EDZ-induced developmental deformities in ZF.
Hydrocarbon Potential of Bakken and Torquay Formations, Southeastern Saskatchewan

Detailed examination of Bakken cores, geophysical logs, and production data in southeastern Saskatchewan indicates that significant potential exists for by-passed pay and finding additional oil in siltstones and sandstones of the Middle Member of the Bakken Formation. Weathered and brecciated dolostones of the Torquay Formation in southeastern Saskatchewan also exhibit high and relatively untested potential for oil production. The relatively low permeability of these rocks suggests that they might best be developed using horizontal-completion drilling programs. Recognition of structural and anomalous resistivity trends has implications for hydrocarbon exploration in this area.
Does pre-employment card program improve Indonesian youth labor market performance in pandemic era?

Abstract The pre-employment card program, a training voucher policy initiated by Indonesian government in the beginning of 2020 emerged as an alternative instrument in economic recovery, including for youth affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the multinomial logit and Lee’s selection-biased corrections, the objectives of the study then are to see the effect of the program on (1) employment status and (2) income of youth during the pandemic. The data used are sourced from the 2020 National Labor Force Survey. The results show that the participation of youth in the program increases participation in the labor market, especially in the informal sector. However, the results show that there is still no significant effect of the program on income in all employment status, suggesting a potential lagged income effect of the program.
Gender-Based Differential Item Function for the Positive and Negative Semantic Dimensions of the Relationship Satisfaction Scale with Item Response Theory

Relationship satisfaction is at the core of a robust social life and is essential to mental health. The positive and negative semantic dimensions of the relationship satisfaction (PN-SMD) scale is considered in the field of relationship studies to be a reliable tool for assessing the quality of a person’s interpersonal relationships. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the PN-SMD scale by conducting multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) and differential item functioning (DIF) analyses, both of which are emerging assessment methods that focus on individual items. We recruited 511 Chinese undergraduate students for this study. Construct validity, internal consistency, and concurrent validity were assessed, and MIRT and DIF analyses were conducted. Five of the 14 items were found to have gender-based DIF traits, affecting the scale’s construct validity. A revised nine-item scale (DIF items excluded) had a significantly better model fit and demonstrated comparable concurrent validity to the original scale. The implications of our results and future research directions are discussed.
Micromapping of Mg/Ca values in cultured specimens of the high‐magnesium benthic foraminifera

This study measured Mg/Ca values in cross sections of the benthic foraminifer Planoglabratella opercularis (d'Orbigny) using an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) (spot size, 2 μm; >1000 analyses). We cultured clonal juveniles of this species under controlled temperatures. This species precipitates high‐magnesium calcite as its test material. Mean Mg/Ca values increased linearly with the culture temperature; therefore Mg/Ca values in walls of subsequently formed chambers reflected changes in temperature during the experiment. Foraminiferal specimens yielded variable Mg/Ca values within their test walls, which resulted from the pattern of chamber formation and from minor variations of Mg/Ca within one chamber wall.
Ideological orientations and left-right self-identifications of young Polish men and women: an image of the political gender-generation gap

The subject of the author’s interest is the diversity of ideological orientations due to gender and age. The theoretical findings so far indicate that in developed democracies already at the end of the 1990s there was a reversal of the ideological positions of women and men. Recent social research shows that also in Poland women identify with the left to a greater extent than men, and in the younger generation these differences are even greater. The aim of the article is to show in detail the ideological differences between young men and women in Poland. The author poses two types of research questions: (1) descriptive and explanatory, which concern the characteristics of similarities and differences in the ideological orientations of young women and men; (2) methodological, which concern how to measure this phenomenon. The author assumes that the measurement of left-right self-identification used in many studies brings an overly simplified picture of the respondents’ real views, beliefs and values, which can be described as ideological orientations. Therefore, he proposes the use of multidimensional tools (issue-based scale) that allow to better describe complex political attitudes. In search of answers, the author analyzes data from his own survey conducted among a large group of Polish students.
Federated Learning Meets Intelligence Reflection Surface in Drones for Enabling 6G Networks: Challenges and Opportunities

The combination of drones and Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) have emerged as potential technologies for improving the performance of six Generation (6G) communication networks by proactively modifying wireless communication through smart signal reflection and manoeuvre control. By deploying the IRS on drones, it becomes possible to improve the coverage and reliability of the communication network while reducing energy consumption and costs. Furthermore, integrating IRS with Federated Learning (FL) can further boost the performance of the drone network by enabling collaborative learning among multiple drones, leading to better and more efficient decision-making and holding great promise for enabling 6G communication networks. Therefore, we present a novel framework for FL meets IRS in drones for enabling 6G. In this framework, multiple IRS-equipped drone swarm are deployed to form a distributed wireless network, where FL techniques are used to collaborate with the learning process and optimize the reflection coefficients of each drone-IRS. This allows drone swarm to adapt to changing communication environments and improve the coverage and quality of wireless communication services. Integrating FL and IRS into drones offers several advantages over traditional wireless communication networks, including rapid deployment in emergencies or disasters, improved coverage and quality of communication services, and increased accessibility to remote areas. Finally, we highlight the challenges and opportunities of integrating FL and IRS into drones for researchers interested in drone networks. We also help drive innovation in developing 6G communication networks.
New occurrences of Oldhamia and other trace fossils in the Cambrian of the Yukon and Ellesmere Island, arctic Canada

Trace fossil assemblages from green and maroon argillites at 34 localities in the British Mountains and Barn Mountains of northernmost Yukon, and 3 localities in the Grant Land Formation of northern Ellesmere Island contain abundant Planolites spp. , Oldhamia curvata, Oldhamia flabellata, and Oldhamia radiata, and rare Oldhamia antiqua, Oldhamia? wattsi (n.comb.), Bergaueria hemispherica, Cochlichnus sp. , Didymaulichnus? sp. , Helminthoidichnites sp. , Monomorphichnus sp. , Protopaleodictyon sp. , and Tuberculichnus? sp. Additionally, 11 new sites in the Selwyn Mountains of north-central Yukon have yielded an ichnofauna including Helminthorhaphe sp. , O. curvata, O. flabellata, O. radiata, Plagiogmus? sp. , Planolites spp. , and unidentified small hemispherical traces. All these assemblages are interpreted as Early Cambrian to early Middle Cambrian, based on comparison with Oldhamia-bearing ichnofaunas of similar age in North America, Argentina, and western Europe, and on archaeocyathids and olenellids in overlyi.
A Review of the Three Subspecies of Sarus Cranes 
 Grus antigone

The Sarus Crane is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss and degradation, hunting, and collision with power lines. Conservation efforts for the Sarus Crane include habitat protection and restoration, research, and public education. In India, the Sarus Crane is protected under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 and is considered a sacred bird by some communities. In Australia, the Australian Sarus Crane is protected under the Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1992. In Cambodia, the Eastern Sarus Crane is protected under the Fisheries Law of 1994 and the Wildlife Protection Law of 2002. In Vietnam, the Eastern Sarus Crane is protected under the Law on the Protection of Wild Animals and Plants of 2006.
A sulfurization method for creating the buffer-layers current flow diverter architecture in REBa2Cu3O7 coated conductors

The current flow diverter (CFD) is a known concept that has proven to effectively reduce the probability of destructive hot spots in REBa2Cu3O7 (REBCO; RE = rare earth) coated conductors (CCs) by boosting the normal zone propagation velocity. However, the implementation of the CFD concept requires additional steps in a fabrication process that is already complex and has struggled to find a simple reel-to-reel fabrication method. This work reports on the details of a fabrication route for the buffer-layers-CFD (bCFD) architecture using a solid-vapor silver sulfurization technique to tune the geometry of the metal stabilizer in the high-temperature superconductor tape. The analysis of the microstructure and superconducting properties of the Ag2S/Ag/GdBCO trilayer processed under different conditions shows how we achieved a new customized functional CC with the bCFD architecture. In DC limitation experiments, this bCFD-sulfide architecture allowed to generate an electric potential much faster than the conventional architecture (60 V s−1 vs. 1.2 V s−1) thanks to the strong enhancement of the NPZV.
Attentional Locus and Ground Dominance in Control of Speed during Low Altitude Flight

During simulated low-altitude flight, participants' control of speed is based on the optical flow rate projected by the ground, even when changes in altitude make this information unreliable and other sources of speed information, such as the flow rate of a cloud layer above the flight path, could help to provide more valid information (Wotring, 2008). This study examined whether this ground bias in perceiving speed could be overcome by using a secondary visual search task to manipulate the attentional focus away from the ground. A task requiring participants to visually scan for potentially-colliding planes either above or below the horizon was coupled with a speed maintenance task similar to the task used by Bennett, Flach, McEwen & Russell (2006) and Wotring, Dyre, & Behre (2008). We found that altitude disturbances induced inappropriate speed control in a similar manner independent of whether the secondary task required the attentional focus to be directed above or below the horizon. These results suggest that ground bias in speed control is robust even when attention is directed above the horizon by a secondary visual task.