Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time course of diacetyl formation during vinification with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oenococcus oeni co-cultivation

Background and Aims Diacetyl accumulation in wine, which has undergone malolactic fermentation by Oenococcus oeni, is often associated with aromatic off-flavours. Characterisation of the diacetyl-related metabolic pathway helps to explain bacterial diacetyl formation during winemaking. The present study describes the time-dependent formation of diacetyl during the vinification process after simultaneous, induced malolactic fermentation by freeze-dried O. oeni on the basis of gene-expression analysis of the citrate- and pyruvate-derived pathways. Methods and Results After simultaneously induced malolactic fermentation in Pinot Blanc by O. oeni, the dynamics of diacetyl formation were compared with citrate consumption and gene-expression of the diacetyl-related metabolic pathways. Diacetyl concentration showed two maxima: the first increase was primarily influenced by the activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, the second increase was induced only by O. oeni and correlates with bacterial citrate degradation. Expression of the alsS gene showed two significant responses; however, only the second response was affected by the citrate-associated genes maeP and citE. Additionally, alsD and butA2 were found to be continuously underexpressed during the winemaking process. Conclusions Taken together, we suggest that diacetyl accumulation during the vinification process by O. oeni is affected by citrate fermentation. The diacetyl-related alsS gene, however, is also overexpressed independently by other substrates, which may also increase the intracellular pyruvate level resulting in diacetyl formation. Significance of the Study Characterisation of the time-dependent diacetyl accumulation and its degradation during the vinification process is essential for the development of strategies that focus on the suppression of the diacetyl concentration below the sensory threshold.
Influence of adult diet and exposure to methyl eugenol in the mating performance of Bactrocera philippinensis

Enhancement of the sterile male performance in Bactrocera philippinensis through access to protein (yeast hydrolysate) and/or exposure to methyl eugenol (ME) was investigated in this study. The temporal occurrence of sexual maturity of B. philippinensis was determined for both laboratory sterile and wild flies. Laboratory tests were also conducted to determine the peak age of ME feeding in relation to male fly age and sexual maturity and effect of protein on the longevity of sterile males. Field cage mating tests were performed to examine the effect of adult diet (P+ vs. P−) and ME exposure (ME+ vs. ME−) on the mating competitiveness of the sterile male B. philippinensis. P+ME+ sterile male flies achieved significantly more matings with wild females than P+ME− or PE−ME− sterile males. Based on the relative sterile index, P+ sterile male flies were significantly more sexually competitive when competing for wild females than P− flies. The results confirm that the pre‐release diet can be significantly improved to increase the effectiveness of the application of the sterile technique against B. philippinensis.
Implications of domain growth in morphogenesis

Domain growth can play an important role in pattern formation during early embryonic development. By considering the Turing reaction-diffusion model for pattern formation, we show how growth can influence patterning. We consider how growth affects mode selection and robustness of patterns. Specifically, we investigate ligament patterns in arcoid bivalves.
Fast-Spectrum Fluoride Molten Salt Reactor (FFMSR) with Ultimately Reduced Radiotoxicity of Nuclear Wastes

A mixture of NaF-KF-UF4 eutectic and NaF-KF-TRUF3 eutectic containing heavy elements as much as 2.8 g/cc makes a fast-spectrum molten salt reactor based upon the U-Pu cycle available without a blanket. It does not object breeding but a stable operation without fissile makeup under practical contingencies. It is highly integrated with online dry chemical processes based on “selective oxide precipitation” to create a U-Pu cycle to provide as low as 0.01% leakage of TRU and nominated as the FFMSR. This certifies that the radiotoxicity of HLW for 1500 effective full power days (EFPD) operation can be equivalent to 405 tons of depleted uranium after 500 years cooling without Partition and Transmutation (P&T). A certain amount of U-TRU mixture recovered from LWR spent fuel is loaded after the initial criticality until U-Pu equilibrium but the fixed amount of 238U only thereafter. The TRU inventory in an FFMSR stays at an equilibrium perpetually. Accumulation of spent fuel of an LWR for 55 years should afford to start up the identical thermal capacity of FFMSR and to keep operation hypothetically until running out of 238U. Full deployment of the FFMSR should make the entire fuel cycle infrastructures needless except the HLW disposal site.
Occurrence of Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 on a sand dune of the Baltic Sea

Ditylenchus destructor is a serious pest of numerous economically important plants worldwide. The population of this nematode species was isolated from the root zone of Ammo­ phila arenaria on a Baltic Sea sand dune. This population’s morphological and morphometrical characteristics corresponded to D. destructor data provided so far, except for the stylet knobs’ height (2.1–2.9 vs 1.3–1.8) and their arrangement (laterally vs slightly posteriorly sloping), the length of a hyaline part on the tail end (0.8–1.8 vs 1–2.9), the pharyngeal gland arrangement in relation to the intestine (dorsal or ventral vs dorsal, ventral or lateral) and the appearance of vulval lips (smooth vs annulated). Ribosomal DNA sequence analysis confirmed the identity of D. destructor from a coastal dune.
Evaluation of the growth and slaughter value of the Ross 308 broiler chickens

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the growth of broiler chickens and their slaughter value from 1 to 42 days of age. The research material consisted of the Ross 308 chickens. At 42 days of rearing, the chickens reached the mean final body weight of 2229.9 g. During successive weeks of rearing, the weight of all elements, i.e. giblets, inedible parts and offal, increased with an increasing body weight of birds. At the same time, their percentage in the body weight decreased considerably, and the dressing percentage increased. At 42 days of rearing, the eviscerated carcass weight averaged 1697 g, the percentage of muscles was 46.7%, that of skin and fat was 11.0% and the remainders of the carcass (bones) accounted for 42.5%. During the rearing period, considerable changes in the tissue composition of carcass and their uneven growth were found. Moreover, the effect of age and type of muscle on the chemical composition of muscles was determined.
The Effect of The Coping Attitudes of People with Stroke on Quality of Life

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of coping attitudes on quality of life in patient with stroke. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between October 2018 and June 2019. The sample data were collected from 360 patients who had been admitted to neurology and physiotherapy clinics at a training and research university hospital and a government hospital in Karabuk. Data of the study were collected by the COPE inventory and the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale. SPSS 25.0 program was used in the statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of coping attitudes on quality of life. P <0.05 and p <0.001 values were considered statistically significant. Results: Active coping (OR: 1.31 [95% CI 1.094–1.579]; p<0.05), restraint (OR: 1.173 [1.022–1.347]; p<0.05),humor(OR: 1.143 [1.023–1.276]; p<0.05) and alcohol/substance use(OR: 1.128 [1.008–1.262]; p<0.05), which are coping with the disease, were found to be significant predictors of on quality of life. Conclusion: Active coping, restraint, humor and alcohol / substance use are factors that negatively affect quality of life. When and how often these factors are used in stroke patients' lives should be examined carefully. it is recommended to develop stroke rehabilitation programs with training and multidisciplinary team to improve patient coping attitudes and quality of life.
Implementation of Adiwiyata Program in the Effort to Create Environmental Cultured School in Banda Aceh

This research examined the implementation of Adiwiyata Program in the effort to create environmental cultured school in Banda Aceh. This research used quantitative study paradigm by using survey technique. This study was conducted in ten schools in Banda Aceh from elementary to secondary school levels by involving 452 respondents, which consist of school principals/vice principals, Adiwiyata coordinators, administrative staff and students. Data collection was done through questionnaire and observation. The result of study showed that in general Adiwiyata Program implementation is in effective category. This described that in general the four components of Adiwiyata Program had been implemented effective. Nevertheless, result of study found various obstacles encountered by school in implementing Adiwiyata Program. This article delve and describe in depth the implementation of Adiwiyata Program, so various obstacles encountered by school can be found out in order to implement Adiwiyata Program in Banda Aceh. It is hoped that the result of study can give insight to stakeholder to take the steps forward in the effort to create environmental cultured school. Keywords: Implementation, Adiwiyata Program, Environmental cultured school
Environmental Resource Consumption in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Bean (Vicia faba) Intercropping: Comparison of Nutrient Uptake and Light Interception

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and bean (Vicia faba L.) sole crops and their mixture in three planting pattern (M1: alternate-row intercrop, M2: within-row intercrop, M3: mixed intercrop) were used to investigate the amount of resource consumption in terms of PAR interception and nutrient uptake. The experiment was carried out as randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that intercropping systems had a significant effect on environmental resources consumption, where intercropping systems had more nutrient uptake and light interception compared to sole crops, suggesting the complementarity effect of intercropping components in resources consumption. The ability of wheat and bean was different in intercropping systems in absorbing nutrients because of their differences in root morphology and cation exchange capacity.
Effect of agricultural land‐use change on the structure of a temperate forest ant–plant interaction network

Studies on the responses of ant–plant interactions to land‐use change have mainly focused on tropical habitats, usually without considering the impacts on the structure of interaction networks. Here we show that land‐use modifies the structure of the ant–plant interaction networks in a temperate habitat. Ant–plant interactions and plant diversity were recorded in an oak forest and agricultural land in central Mexico. We registered five ant species in the oak forest, and four ant species in the agricultural land. Plant diversity was higher in the agricultural land than in the oak forest. In the ant–plant networks of both sites, our results showed a higher dependence of ants on the plants on which they feed than vice versa, and the ants Formica spp. and the plants Barkleyanthus salicifolius were the species with the most strength and greatest influence in the network structure. The ant–plant network in the oak forest showed a nested structure. However, the network at the agricultural land site showed non‐nestedness; the identity of both ants and plants with the highest values of specialization was different and the number of ant species in the network was decreased, but the number of plant species with which they interacted significantly increased. Both ant–plant networks were equally tolerant to simulated extinction of individual species. We conclude that temperate forest ant–plant networks can be inherently fragile and susceptible to the effects of agricultural land‐use change, not on the number of interacting species but on their identity.
The Effect of Oviposition Time on Egg Quality and the Possibility of Estimating Egg Shell Weight Using a Formula in Commercial Layers

The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of oviposition time on egg quality and to examine the possibility of estimating egg shell weight using a formula. The interactions in some egg quality measurements were also studied. During the experiment, 80 white and 64 brown layers were housed in cages and fed with a standard layer ration. The birds were given 17 hours of light per day throughout the experiment. Egg quality was checked four times with two week intervals. At each check, eggs were collected at 09.oo , 12.oo and 15.oo, on consecutive days. Egg weight (EW), egg specific gravity (ESG) and shell weight (SW) were measured, and then shell ration (SR) and shell weight per unit surface area (SWUSA) were calculated. In addition, the SW was estimated by two formulae using EW and ESG. The data from white and brown layers were analysed separately. The effects of oviposition time and age of hens were tested with variance analysis. The correlation coefficients between quality measurements were determined. The effect of age was not significant (p>0.05). Collection time had a significant (p
Boundary null controllability as the limit of internal controllability: The heat case

It is well known that for the heat equation with Dirichlet boundary condition both internal and boundary null controllability hold with controls applied to any open subset of the domain and any open subset of the boundary, respectively. The purpose of this paper is to show that for the heat equation the boundary null controllability can be obtained as the limit of distributed null controllability.
Life-history variation among local populations of Atlantic cod from the Norwegian Skagerrak coast

Small-scale spatial variation in life history was found among genetically distinct local populations of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua from the Norwegian Skagerrak coast. Among populations. age at 50% maturity varied from 2.6 to 3.8 years, total (L T ) length at 50% maturity from 35 to 60cm, annual survival from 33 to 64%, mean L T at age 4 years from 43 to 63cm, and mean backcalculated L T at age 1 year from 8 to 12 cm.
Imbricated Aseismic Slip and Fluid Diffusion Drive a Seismic Swarm in the Corinth Gulf, Greece

The primary processes driving seismic swarms are still under debate. Here, we study the temporal evolution of a seismic swarm that occurred over a 10‐day period in October 2015 in the extensional rift of the Corinth Gulf (Greece) using high‐resolution earthquakes relocations. The seismicity radially migrates on a normal fault at a fluid diffusion velocity (~125 m/day). However, this migration occurs intermittently, with periods of fast expansion (2 to 10 km/day) during short seismic bursts alternating with quiescent periods. Moreover, the growing phases of the swarm illuminate a high number of repeaters. The swarm migration is likely the results of a combination of multiple driving processes. Fluid upflow in the fault may induce aseismic slip episodes, separated by phases of fluid pressure build‐up. The stress perturbation due to aseismic slip may activate small asperities that produce bursts of seismicity during the most intense phases of the swarm.
Business Model Choice Matters: How Business Models Impact Different Performance Measures of Startups

Determining the influencing factors of business performance is an important topic in theory and practice. This applies especially to the entrepreneurship context, characterized by extreme uncertainty and high failure rates. Existing research, which is mainly qualitative, has identified business models (BM) as a performance determinant. This paper empirically examines the relationship between BMs and startup performance. The analysis follows an industry- and region-independent approach and is based on a dataset of 121 startups. The findings reveal that some BM patterns outperform others, but on different performance measures. More specifically, the contractor pattern enhances revenue, add-on highly influences growth, customer lock-in boosts valuation, and advertising enhances funding. On the theoretical level, this paper enriches the qualitative research with statistical evidence. On the practical level, it adds value to both entrepreneurs and investors by identifying successful patterns. The findings guide entrepreneurs in BM design and support investors when considering potential investment opportunities.
Trappings of Success: Predator Removal for Duck Nest Survival in Alberta Parklands

Nest survival is most limited by nest predation, which often is increased by anthropogenic causes including habitat fragmentation, mesopredator release and predator subsidies. In mallards and other upland-nesting duck species in the North American prairies, the rate of nest survival is the vital rate most influential to population dynamics, with 15%–20% survival required for maintenance of stable populations. Predator removal during the nesting season has increased duck nest survival on township-sized (9324 ha) areas of agricultural ecosystems in eastern locations of the prairie pothole region (PPR). However, predator removal has not been evaluated in western parkland habitats of the PPR where three-dimensional structure of vegetation is considerably greater. During 2015–2017, we evaluated nest survival on control and predator-removal plots at two study areas in the parklands of central Alberta, Canada. In the second year of the study, we transposed predator removal to control for habitat effects. Estimates of 34-day nest survival did not significantly differ between trapped ( x ¯ = 20.9%, 95% CI = 13.2%–33.7%) and control ( x ¯ = 17.8%, 95% CI = 10.5%–30.0%) plots in any year. We do not recommend predator removal be continued in Alberta parklands due to its ineffectiveness at improving duck nest survival at the local scale.
Sustainability of Agritourism Activity. Initiatives and Challenges in Romanian Mountain Rural Regions

Sustainability has become a priority in the last decades. If we consider rural regions, agritourism, an activity strongly related to local communities, represents an opportunity to ensure the sustainability of rural settlements and of the environment, and at the same time an innovative and diversifying possibility for the economic support of rural settlements. Many studies have shown that the sustainability trend of the current period can be achieved by combining rural and local resources and traditional products specific to the rural regions with tourist activities, the challenge being the revitalization of rural economy. A large number of Romanian mountain rural regions can provide opportunities for sustaining agritourism activity; some of them may succeed to capitalize on the niche characteristic of agritourism, and through appropriate and effective strategies to move from the pioneering stage to an economically and socially valuable chance for improving the living conditions from rural area and finally to ensure sustainable development of rural communities. This paper begins from the importance of agritourism for rural regions. It aims at identifying the current situation of the agritourism activity in three regions and at developing proposals that are based strictly on the specific needs of the regions. In our opinion, the implementation of these specific actions would represent future challenges and at the same time ways of supporting the sustainable development of agritourism activities and of local settlements.
Experimental Approach to Matte–Slag Reactions in the Flash Smelting Process

ABSTRACT Improving metal–slag separation in pyrometallurgical processes is increasingly important. Due to the harsh conditions, direct observations of the molten phases behavior in the settler of the Outotec Flash Smelting Furnace (FSF) are not possible and the ways to improve metal settling can only be studied by simulation and modeling. This study focuses on kinetics and mechanisms of the chemical reactions between matte droplets and slag, which were investigated in laboratory-scale heat-quench equipment at a typical smelting temperature of 1300°C as a function of time in both air and argon atmosphere. The reaction mechanism in the FSF settler was formulated and results in argon atmosphere also indicate that the oxidation of cuprous sulfide by ferric ions in the slag contributes strongly to the copper losses in the slag.
In vitro clonal propagation of Momordica charantia L.

The present investigation outlines the in vitro propagation of Momordica charantia L. The explants from in vitro grown seedling were cultured on modified MS medium. Shoot differentiation was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BAP. Root, callus were formed on IBA and 2,4-D, respectively. Shoot as well as root differentiation was obtained on medium containing BAP+IBA/NAA. Multiple shoots with roots were formed on MS medium without hormones (MSO). Rooting on shoot grown occurred on medium containing IBA and 40% of the plants survived successfully, when transferred to the field.
Bombay Duck, Harpodon nehereus (Ham.)

﻿The principal aim of any comprehensive fisheries research programme is primarily to obtain a maximum sustained yield and avoid depletion of stocks. Researches on the biology of the species contributing to a fishery form an essential prerequisite in regulating the exploitation of stocks to the maximum advantage. The study of distribution of the species and the stocks from which the fishery is supported forms valuable information in assessing the fishery potential. Considerable amount of information on these lines in respect of the commercially important fish species has been gathered by the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute in the past two decades.
Dinâmica, produção e qualidade da "Brachiaria brizantha" submetida a regime hídrico e adubação nitrogenada1

The experiment was conducted in vegetation house of the area of Forragicultura and Pasture of the State University of Southwest Bahia, from January to June 2009. The treatments were 4 diet water (20, 40, 60 and 80% of field capacity) and 2 nitrogen levels (0 and 150kg N/ha) with four replications. We used a completely randomized design in a factorial 4 x 2. The studied morphogenical characteristics were: leaf appearance rate, leaf elongation rate, phyllochron, leaf life span and rate of stem elongation; and the structural were: final leaf length, total number of leaves, number of leaves in senescence, number of dead leaves, maximum height of plant, number of tillers per plant and number of tillers per pot than the dry matter production of shoots and roots as well as the chemical components of air stop. The results had demonstrated that the interaction between diet water x doses of nitrogen was significant for the productions of natural matter, dry matter of the aerial part and roots. The results had evidenced that the practical of the nitrogen fertilization and the irrigation contributes positively in the forage production and development of the Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG-5.