Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fish colonization of the artificial reef at Gusung Batu Lampe Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia: a preliminary study

Background: Artificial reefs can be utilized as new habitats to restore fish populations in degraded coral reef environments. This study evaluated the restoring ability of the artificial reef set at Gusung Batu Lampe should be investigated by observing the fish population colonizing the reef. Methods: A fish visual census was applied to identify the species and count their numbers at the site. Underwaterline transect was used to limit the observation area to 200 m2 measured with 50m roll meter. The reef structure comprised 34 tetrahedral concrete blocks arranged in a row, which was 60 cm x 60 cm at the base, 35 cm x 35 cm on top and 60 cm high, and has four holes. Two scuba divers descended, one to ensure the safety of the divers and the other to observe the fish. Each dive took place over 30–45 minutes, and was conducted at 09:00, 13:00 and 17:00. Surveys were performed four times: in November and December 2016, and in January and July 2017. Results: Results showed that fish colonization composed of 180 to 283 individual number with taxa between 13 and 25 species. Number of fish in colonization was found significant difference among observation times, and fish species from the family Chaetodontidae were observed in every survey. Conclusions: A total of 38 fish species from 16 families were identified colonizing the reef during surveys, and in four month observation the fish colonization size increased from the fish density of 1/4.444 m2 to 1/1.481 m2, confirming the ability of the reef to restore fish population.
Towards Shape Understanding through Non-Parametric Shape Warping

This paper pursues the idea of understanding shapes of unknown objects through establishing correspondence with points from the surface of known objects. A lot of geometryrelated knowledge, such as functionally correct grasps or object constellations, could thus be transferred from known shapes to novel shapes of the same or a similar category. As one critical module in such a system, this paper considers warping of surfaces in 3D across significant and possibly non-smooth shape variations. Results are shown for some objects from the Princeton Shape Benchmark and a range scan.
A Study of Cloud Microphysical Processes Associated With Torrential Rainfall Event Over Beijing

The evolution of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) leading to a heavy rainstorm event that occurred in Beijing on 21 July 2012 was simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Observational analyses indicated that this event can be divided into an earlier‐occurring warm‐sector precipitation (WSP) and a later‐occurring cold‐frontal precipitation (CFP). Owing to the considerable differences in their ambient weather conditions, the features and evolution of the cloud microphysics were different. Diagnoses of the mass‐ and heat‐hydrometeor budgets showed that the major differences in rainwater source were that the graupel melting (PGMLT) and the collection of snow by rain (PRACS_s2r) had similar magnitudes in the WSP, and PGMLT was larger than PRACS_s2r in the CFP, while the accretion growth of cloud droplets (PRA) was always the largest in both phases. The main cooling effect in the WSP was due to the evaporation of rainwater (PRE) and cloud water, while it was PRE and PGMLT for the CFP. The mechanisms of how microphysical processes influenced the precipitation were explored. It was found that the strong PRA in the WSP was conducive to the formation of a supercooled water level and evoked a seeding effect. However, graupel processes were crucial for the CFP. The strong sublimation processes of graupel and snow associated with the collection of droplets by graupel caused more latent heat release and drove airflow to reach a higher convection height. Moreover, the stronger PGMLT cooled the air in the MCS and reduced the effect of cloud droplet accretion growth.
Voltage and Temperature Scalable Logic Cell Leakage Models Considering Local Variations Based on Transistor Stacks

We propose a logic gate leakage model based on transistor stacks, which includes local transistor level process variation parameters along with global process variation parameters and supply and temperature. The stack models include both subthreshold as well as gate leakage and consider the input vector state. We examine cells from an industrial standard cell library and find that most cells can be modeled with simple stacks, which have a linear chain of transistors. However some gates like XOR, Majority or Muxes need complex stacks and we show how these can be modeled. Our experiments show that only 18 different stack models are needed to predict the leakage of all gates in this industrial library. Re-use of the same models for pass transistor logic circuits and multi-finger transistors is also demonstrated. We explicitly include voltage and temperature into the models to support joint estimation of power supply IR drops and leakage currents, as well as enable analysis for dynamic voltage scaling applications. We use artificial neural networks to create unified models which include global and local process variations, supply voltage in the range of V DD /2- V DD and temperature in the range 0-100 °C. These models are very useful for performing statistical leakage analysis of large circuits. Results from the ISCAS'85 benchmark circuits show that neural network based stack models can predict the PDF of leakage current of large circuits across supply voltage and temperature accurately with the average error in mean being less than 2% and that in standard deviation being less than 7% when compared to SPICE. Further gate level validation has been done for both an industrial 130 nm and 45 nm PTM model files.
A comparative study on thermomechanical pulping pressate treatment using thermophilic and mesophilic sequencing batch reactors

A comparative study on the treatment of thermomechanical pulping (TMP) pressate was conducted under thermophilic (55°C) and mesophilic (30°C) temperatures to explore in-mill biological treatment, with the intention to operate under heat-efficient conditions. The experimental study involved sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) operated over 114 days. Receiving a total influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 3700–4100 mg L−1, the COD removal efficiencies of 80–90% and 75–85% were achieved for the mesophilic and thermophilic SBRs, respectively, at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 and 24 h. Excellent sludge settleability (sludge volume index<100 mL g−1 mixed liquor suspended solids) was obtained at both thermophilic and mesophilic SBRs. A higher level of effluent suspended solids was observed under thermophilic conditions. The results support the feasibility of applying thermophilic biological treatment of TMP pressate. The treated effluent has the potential for subsequent reuse as process water after polishing, thus addressing the long-standing desire to develop water system closure for the pulp and paper mill operation.
Relationship Between Immune Cell Phenotypes and Pig Growth in a Commercial Farm

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the level and function of circulating immune cells with average daily gain, live and carcass measurements, feed intake, and feed conversion. Production performance was monitored throughout the pig's lifetime. Pigs were moved in weekly batches through the nursery and growing/finishing rooms at specific target weights. Animals were individually weighed at birth and at weaning, and then every two weeks while they were “on test” until they were “off test” and sent to the slaughterhouse. At six to seven weeks of age, the pigs were bled in the nursery. The percentage of immune cell subsets and lymphocyte proliferation was estimated using swine monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometric analysis. The predictive effect of the immune cell subset markers and lymphocyte proliferation on production traits was statistically analyzed. The results indicated that the proportion of several peripheral cell subsets, including CD16+, CD2+/CD16+, and CD8+ lymphocytes, appear to predict growth during the entire productive life of the pig. Larger percentages of lymphocytes expressing CD16+ CD2+/CD16+, and CD8+receptors in blood resulted in a reduction in average daily gain. In addition, high percentages of SLA-DQ+ cells were associated with better carcass weight and feed conversion. The CD16+, CD2+/CD16+, CD8+, and SLA-DQ± cell subsets appear to be important biomarkers involved with the inherent ability of the pig to efficiently grow and produce better carcass weight in representative commercial environments.
Lessons Learned from the Use of Social Media in Combating a Crisis: a Case Study of 2011 Thailand Flooding Disaster

Social media have played integral roles in many crises around the world. Thailand faced severe floods between July 2011 and January 2012, when more than 13.6 million people were affected. This 7-month disaster provides a great opportunity to understand the use of social media for managing a crisis project before, during, and after its occurrence. However, current literature lacks a theoretical framework on investigating the relationship between social media and crisis management from the project management perspective. The paper adopts a social media-based crisis management framework and the structuration theory in investigating and analyzing social media. The results suggest that social media should be utilized to meet different information needs in order to achieve the success of managing a future crisis project.
Darmstadt Discussion Papers in Economics Peer Effects , Social Multipliers and Migrants at School : An International Comparison

This article analyses the school performance of migrants dependent on peer groups in different international schooling environments. Using data from the international OECD PISA test, we consider social interaction within and between groups of natives and migrants. Results based on social multipliers (Glaeser et al. 2000, 2003) suggest that both native-tonative and migrant-to-migrant peer effects are higher in ability-differencing school systems than in comprehensive schools. Thus, non-comprehensive school systems seem to magnify the already existing educational inequality between students with a low parental socioeconomic migration background and children from more privileged families. Students with a migration background and a disadvantageous parental status would benefit from higher diversity within schools.
Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma growth via intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

AIM To investigate the anti-tumor function of ginsenoside Rg3 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism. METHODS Hep1-6 and HepG2 cells were treated by Rg3 in different concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) in vitro. After incubation for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, cell viability was measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Apoptosis was identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling. Caspase-3 activity was measured by chromophore p-nitroanilide and flow cytometry. Bcl-2 family proteins were ascertained by Western-blotting. Mitochondria membrane potential was detected by 5, 5', 6' 6' - tetrachloro-1, 1', 3, 3' - tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide. Forty liver tumor-bearing C57Bl6 mice were divided randomly into 4 groups for intra-tumor injection of saline, ginsenoside Rg3, cyclophosphamide (CTX) and ginsenoside Rg3 + CTX combination. RESULTS The survival time was followed up to 102 d. The mice in the Rg3 + CTX group showed significant increased survival time compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). Rg3 could inhibit HCC cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis in vitro in the concentration and time dependent manner. It also induced mitochondria membrane potential to decrease. Caspase-3 activation can be blocked by the inhibitor z-DEVD-FMK. Bax was up-regulated while Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were down-regulated after Rg3 treatment. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that Rg3 alone or combined with CTX inhibited tumor growth in vivo and prolonged mouse survival time by inducing HCC cell apoptosis via intrinsic pathway by expression alterations of Bcl-2 family proteins.
Development of a Highly Efficient Gene Targeting System Induced by Transient Repression of YKU80 Expression in Candida glabrata

ABSTRACT In the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata, gene targeting to generate knockouts and “knockins” is a potentially powerful method for the analysis of gene function. Its importance increased after the C. glabrata genome sequence project, but progress in the field is hampered by inefficient mechanisms for gene targeting. With the use of 40-bp homologous flanking DNA, no gene targeting was identified. To address this issue, YKU80 was disrupted, leading to an increase in targeting efficiency of 5.1% using 40-bp flanking homologous DNA. To harness the beneficial effects of YKU80 inactivation on gene targeting frequency without incurring any negative effects, such as synthetic sickness or lethality, we developed a new system whereby the expression of YKU80 was restored following a transient knockdown of expression during transformation. Strains used for this new system carried a SAT1 flipper in the YKU80 promoter region, which was used to repress expression during transformation but was spontaneously excised from the locus after the transformation. By using this strain, DNA damage induced by methyl methane sulfonate, H2O2, UV irradiation, and hydroxyurea before and during gene targeting was evaluated and the mutation rate of URA3 was determined. No significant effects of the SAT1 flipper on these processes have been identified. After the SAT1 flipper is excised, a 34-bp FLP recombination target sequence is left in the promoter region. However, the levels of mRNA transcription were restored and no difference in the survival ratio in vivo compared to that with the YKU80 wild-type strain was identified.
Compressed Remote Sensing of Sparse Objects

The linear inverse source and scattering problems are studied from the perspective of compressed sensing. By introducing the sensor as well as target ensembles, the maximum number of recoverable targets is proved to be at least proportional to the number of measurement data modulo a logsquare factor with overwhelming probability. Important contributions include the discoveries of the threshold aperture, consistent with the classical Rayleigh criterion, and the incoherence effect induced by random antenna locations. The predictions of theorems are confirmed by numerical simulations.
Phosphorylation of CMG helicase and Tof1 is required for programmed fork arrest

Significance Programmed replication fork arrest (PFA) at specific terminator sites and the proteins that bind to these sites functionally interconnect replication, transcription, and recombination. PFA prevents collision between replication and transcription that can cause genome instability, promotes intrachromatid recombination at ribosomal (r)DNA that controls replicative life span, and maintains rDNA homeostasis. This work reveals the mechanism of PFA by showing that the Tof1 protein of budding yeast remains associated with the replication fork only when it is phosphorylated, and uses the CMG helicase that drives the replication fork as a landing pad. Tof1–Csm3 promotes PFA by preventing the terminator protein Fob1 from getting displaced by other factors such as the Rrm3 helicase by counteracting the latter. This important mechanism appears to be evolutionarily conserved. Several important physiological transactions, including control of replicative life span (RLS), prevention of collision between replication and transcription, and cellular differentiation, require programmed replication fork arrest (PFA). However, a general mechanism of PFA has remained elusive. We previously showed that the Tof1–Csm3 fork protection complex is essential for PFA by antagonizing the Rrm3 helicase that displaces nonhistone protein barriers that impede fork progression. Here we show that mutations of Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but not other DNA replication factors, greatly reduced PFA at replication fork barriers in the spacer regions of the ribosomal DNA array. A key target of DDK is the mini chromosome maintenance (Mcm) 2–7 complex, which is known to require phosphorylation by DDK to form an active CMG [Cdc45 (cell division cycle gene 45), Mcm2–7, GINS (Go, Ichi, Ni, and San)] helicase. In vivo experiments showed that mutational inactivation of DDK caused release of Tof1 from the chromatin fractions. In vitro binding experiments confirmed that CMG and/or Mcm2–7 had to be phosphorylated for binding to phospho-Tof1–Csm3 but not to its dephosphorylated form. Suppressor mutations that bypass the requirement for Mcm2–7 phosphorylation by DDK restored PFA in the absence of the kinase. Retention of Tof1 in the chromatin fraction and PFA in vivo was promoted by the suppressor mcm5-bob1, which bypassed DDK requirement, indicating that under this condition a kinase other than DDK catalyzed the phosphorylation of Tof1. We propose that phosphorylation regulates the recruitment and retention of Tof1–Csm3 by the replisome and that this complex antagonizes the Rrm3 helicase, thereby promoting PFA, by preserving the integrity of the Fob1–Ter complex.
T4-C: US-Germany Collaboration in Materials for Extreme Environments: Developing an International Research Pathway towards Creating Global Engineers for the Future

The US-Germany Collaboration in Materials for Extreme Environments program was conceived to provide teams of graduate and undergraduate students from the University of Central Florida (UCF) the opportunity to conduct collaborative research with scientists from the German Aerospace Center (DLR), both in the US and in Germany. The program takes place over a period of three academic semesters and involves extensive pre-trip preparations, ten weeks conducting research abroad, and research continuation upon return. Outside of research, the students promote international engineering through mentoring. This work reports on the technical, professional, and global impacts of this unique program. Experiences gained at both their home and partner institutions improved the students’ research, professional, and global skills measured through publication outcomes, surveys, and propensity for graduate studies. Upon completion of the program, students were found to be more likely to pursue graduate studies. The students also perceived that the program had helped in improving their research, professional, and global skills as engineers. The program delivers these improvements by leveraging world-class facilities and scientific mentorship in both countries. Exposing undergraduate and graduate students to the challenges of an international research environment has impacts that carry on to the future workplace.
Construction d'une base de connaissance pour l'évaluation de l'usage d'un environnement STIC

Our goal is to determine how people will adapt to a computerized environment while they are a priori not educated to their manipulation. We chose to couple two methods: regular observation using the traces of use generated by the interactions of the user with the system and more specific investigations. The combination of these two types of data in such context of study is original. In this paper we present the means used to collect, characterize and organize the observation data so that it is possible to exploit for various types of analysis.
Time-domain method of moments accelerated by Adaptive Cross Approximation algorithm

This paper presents the Adaptive Cross Approximation (ACA) method combined with Time-Domain MoM (TD-MoM) to analyze the transient electromagnetic problem. On one hand, Marching-on-in-degree (MOD) method is used in TD-MoM to solve the TD-integral equations so that the disadvantage of late-time instability in Marching-on-in-time (MOT) method is avoided. On the other hand, the ACA algorithm is purely algebraic so that it can be easily applied to TD-MoM to accelerate the calculation and to reduce the CPU memory required for storing the data. Through a numerical example, this paper's method is proven feasible and efficient.
Neurofeedback and Metacognition

In this article we discuss the relationship between the concept of neurofeedback and research on metacognition. We analyze different aspects of neurofeedback, such as temporal and spatial resolution, range of possible cognitive modulation, long-time learning effects, ambulatory measurement, and advanced computer interfaces, and relate them to basic and applied research on metacognition. We argue that a refined and expanded practice of neurofeedback promises to be a helpful tool both to probe and investigate the basic nature of metacognitive processes, and as a powerful instrument to strategically shift the boundaries of our conscious control over a wide collection of cognitive phenomena.
Utilizing sub-topical structure of documents for information retrieval

Text segmentation in natural language processing typically refers to the process of decomposing a document into constituent subtopics. Our work centers on the application of text segmentation techniques within information retrieval (IR) tasks. For example, for scoring a document by combining the retrieval scores of its constituent segments, exploiting the proximity of query terms in documents for ad-hoc search, and for question answering (QA), where retrieved passages from multiple documents are aggregated and presented as a single document to a searcher. Feedback in ad-hoc IR task is shown to benefit from the use of extracted sentences instead of terms from the pseudo relevant documents for query expansion. Retrieval effectiveness for patent prior art search task is enhanced by applying text segmentation to the patent queries. Another aspect of our work involves augmenting text segmentation techniques to produce segments which are more readable with less unresolved anaphora. This is particularly useful for QA and snippet generation tasks where the objective is to aggregate relevant and novel information from multiple documents satisfying user information need on one hand, and ensuring that the automatically generated content presented to the user is easily readable without reference to the original source document.
Squamous Cervical Lesions in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Long-Term Follow-up

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of and trends in abnormal Pap test results in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV-uninfected women. METHODS: In a cohort study of HIV-infected and uninfected women, Pap tests were obtained every 6 months. Results of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or worse were considered abnormal. RESULTS: Over a median of 8.4 years, 23,843 Pap tests were obtained from 1,931 HIV-positive women with 6,828 Pap tests from 533 HIV-negative women (13 women seroconverted during the study). Among women with HIV, Pap test results were ASC-US in 4,462 (19%), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in 3,199 (13%), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 267 (1%), and cancer in 11 (0.05%). The incidence of abnormal Pap test results was 179 in 1,000 person-years for HIV-positive and 75 in 1,000 person-years for HIV-negative women (incidence rate ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 2.0–2.8). The incidence of HSIL or cancer was 4.4 in 1,000 person-years for HIV-positive and 1.3 in 1,000 person-years for HIV-negative women (incidence rate ratio 3.4, 95% confidence interval 1.2–9.5). CONCLUSION: Among women with HIV in a cervical cancer prevention program, Pap test abnormalities are common, but high-grade abnormalities are infrequent. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II