Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stunted Too Early: Analysis of the Cambodia and Kenya 2014 Demographic and Health Survey Data

Background: Child stunting reflects chronic under-nutrition, which often begins before birth and is almost irreversible after the second year of life. Globally, by 2018, an estimated 140 million children under the age of 5 years were stunted. Over one-third each lived in South East Asia (34.4%) and Eastern and South Africa (33.6%). This condition puts children at disadvantages due to partly irreversible physical and cognitive damage. This poorly nourished beginning has consequences that include persistent poverty, worsening inequality, higher health care costs and weaker national economies. Early detection of stunting is a key factor to any prevention strategy. Objective: To examine the relationship between child, maternal, household, and gender inequality characteristics with early onset of child stunting in Kenya and Cambodia. Methods: The study analyzed data from the 2014 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in Kenya and Cambodia for children under age 2. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to find associations between the variables and child stunting. Results: The prevalence of stunting among children under age 2 in Kenya was 22%, and in Cambodia, 25%. Child’s age, perceived birth size, family wealth status, and region of residence were significantly associated with stunting. In both countries children from the richest households had 0.4 times lower odds of being stunted compared with those from the poorest households. In Kenya, female children had 0.6 times lower odds of being stunted compared with male children. In Cambodia, children from rural areas had 0.6 times lower odds of being stunted compared with those from urban areas, while children whose mothers were underweight had 1.7 times higher odds of being stunted than children whose mothers were not underweight. In both countries, there was general lack of a strong and significant relationship between the DHS indicators of gender inequality and child stunting. Conclusions: Children’s characteristics, household wealth and maternal underweight were more important in predicting stunting in these children under two years of age than factors related to gender inequality. A more extensive analysis of future DHS data that includes other aspects of gender inequality such as decisions on choice and preparation of food, purchase of household goods, as well as gender-based barriers to provision of child care might provide additional insights on that potential determinant of early stunting.
On the singular risk-sensitive stochastic maximum principle

We consider a risk-sensitive stochastic control problem of a nonlinear system in which the variable control has two components, the first being absolutely continuous and the second is singular. The author generalizes the result obtained in risk neutral into risk-sensitive performance cost. The auxiliary process has been introduced to solve the problem of risk sensitive. The relationship between the expected exponential utility and the quadratic backward stochastic differential equation has been given and proved. Actually, I have proved in details two results, the first is necessary optimality condition, while the second is sufficient optimality condition for risk sensitive performance cost. Two examples to carried out to illustrate our main results of risk-sensitive control problem under nonlinear stochastic dynamics with exponential quadratic cost function with numerical investigation, while the second will be in the exponential utility optimization problem.
Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: Review of Standard Imaging Evaluation and Typical Findings

Abstract Evaluation of abusive head trauma (AHT) in children is an ongoing diagnostic challenge, as there are currently no standard criteria or objective tests for differentiating AHT from accidental trauma. The use of neuroradiologic imaging has an increasingly important role in identifying AHT and often involves a combination of skull radiographs, computerized tomography (CT), and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and occasionally magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Development of more advanced imaging techniques includes diffusion tensor imaging and arterial spin labeling. MRI may provide insight into different mechanisms of injury and long-term impacts of AHT. A better understanding of the available imaging modalities, typical findings, and their respective contribution to an accurate diagnosis can help guide physicians, other health care providers, as well as law enforcement in the evaluation of children with suspected AHT.
Clinico-demographic Profile and outcome of acute poisoning among children- a single Centre observational study

Background: Poisoning in children is a global problem and no part of the world is exempt from this calamity. It is one of the commonest preventable emergencies encountered in pediatric practice. Methods: This prospective observational study was done from November 2015 to October 2016. Patients admitted with clear history of poisoning/bite were enrolled during the study period and were carefully monitored for the course, complications and outcome. Patient details like age, sex, socioeconomic status, symptoms, signs, type of poison/bite, mode, reason for poisoning, any prior treatment received and reasons for delayed treatment if any were collected during the hospital stay. Results: A total of 119 cases of poisoning/bite were enrolled. Organophosphorus (OP) poisoning outnumbered the poisoning agents and Snake bite out numbered in Bites and Stings. Majority of cases were in the age group of 13-18 years. Male to female ratio 1.2 : 1. Rural to urban incidence of poisoning was 2.7:1. Highest incidence was observed in children from lower socioeconomic nuclear families and parents with lower educational status. Accidental poisoning outnumbered the suicidal poisoning. Vomiting, Pain, bleeding, Swelling, cough, pain abdomen, drowsiness, nausea, diarrhea, breathlessness, excessive salivation, sweating were observed in majority of the cases. Average hospital stay was 3.5 days (2 to 7 days). There was no mortality in this study. Conclusions: Parental health education will decreases the occurrence of childhood poisoning. Along with the parents and teachers, media also should take active steps to educate the rural population about the preventive measures from bite, stings and handling of poisonous agents.
Isolation and Characterization of C-C Chemokine Ligand 7 (CCL7) in Cynomolgus Macaques

Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are an established animal model of asthma, which exhibit different responses to allergen exposure that are clinically relevant. The chemokine ligand gene (CCL7) encodes Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-3, which has an important role in asthma pathogenesis. While CCL7 polymorphism in humans is associated with asthma phenotype, very little is known about CCL7 in nonhuman primate models of respiratory disease. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize CCL7 gene in cynomolgus macaques of Indonesian origin. In this study, we used sequencing and bioinformatics technique for gene isolation, characterization, and protein 3D structure prediction. We isolated a 2253 base-pair (bp) sequence of CCL7 in cynomolgus macaques, which exhibited 95% similarity in coding sequence to human CCL7. The amino acid sequence was more closely clustered with human CCL7 than with that of rodents. Importantly, the predictive protein structure of CCL7 was similar to that in humans. These similarities in CCL7 suggests the potential of cynomolgus macaque as a translational model to study asthma, particularly in the context of genetics and role of chemokines such as CCL7.
Social Workers' Perception of the Negative Effects of Labeled Patients

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Problem Statement . 1 Purpose of the Study . 3 Significance of the Project for Social Work Practice.4 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction . 7 Mental Health.7 Medical Staff.8 Studies Focused on Labeling.9 Theories Guiding Conceptualization.13 CHAPTER THREE: METHODS Introduction . 16 Study Design.16 Sampling.17 Data Collection and Instruments.18 Procedures.20 Protection of Human Subjects.21 Data Analysis.21 Summary.22
Determinants of Food Inflation in Pakistan: Empirical Evidences

Today food inflation is a rising issue. The world food problem is getting more complicated as the world population is increasing more rapidly than food production. Pakistan being a developing country is a victim of higher food prices. The present study is an attempt to identify main determinants affecting food inflation in Pakistan. The study is based upon the time-series data from 1997 through 2017, collected from secondary sources including published issues of Economic Survey of Pakistan, Agricultural Statistics of Pakistan and annual reports of State Bank of Pakistan. Method of OLS (Ordinary Least Square) was applied by developing an equation for food price inflation and five major determinants; food imports, food exports, wheat support price, value-added in agriculture and money supply respectively. These variables were regressed with CPI (Consumer Price Index) food, the measure of food inflation. The results indicated that agricultural value addition is highly significant and negatively affecting the food inflation while Food imports have most significant positive effect on food inflation. Supply of money in the country and wheat support price are effecting food inflation significantly. The study suggested that increase in agricultural output and tight monetary policy are the key factors to decrease food inflation. The government should adopt measures to improve the productivity of agricultural sector, encourage agro-based industry, moderation in government administered price and should control the supply of money in the country.
Industrial Technology Graduatesâ€™ Acquired Skills and Competencies from the University

Skills and competencies are highly regarded in todays global market. Different agencies specifically those seeking forÂ technologists, technicians, and engineers, have stressed out that skills and competencies as major componentsÂ for individual workers. Â This aimed to determineÂ the relevance and appropriateness of acquired skills and competencies by industrial technology graduates, and determine the extent of use of skills and competencies in the current employment. Review of related literatures and studies have been considered in the realization, understanding, analysis, and interpretation of this research exploration. A descriptive method of research was used with 78 graduates from 2015-2016 and 117 graduates from 2016-2017, who participated in the study survey process. The BatStateU Standardized Questionnaire was used to gather data. A brief interview and talk during the visit of alumni in the university was also considered, as well as the other means of social media like email, facebook, messenger, and text messaging. Â Â Results show that skills and competecnices acquired by industrial technology graduates are all relevant and appropriate. Â The study also found that there is some to great extent use of acquired skills and competencies to their current employment. The study implies that the acquired skills and competencies from the university significantly provided the graduates the opportunities ins the national and global markets and industries.
Incidence of Ischemic Heart Disease among Patients with Mitral Annulus Calcification in Babylon Province

Background: MAC is a common finding in patient undergoes echo study; especially middle and old age group who undergo echo study for different reason . MAC is more common in patient with risk factor for ischemic heart disease. Aim of study: to determine the incidence of ischemia diagnosed by TMT by Duke ́s score among patients with mitral annulus calcification and to find the association between grade of mitral annulus calcification and IHD. Material and methods: This study was hospital based cross sectional study carried out at outpatients echo unit at Merjan Medical City. Patients who included in the study had negative past medical history with different symptom either chest pain or shortness of breath or dizziness. Results: Out of 66 patients with mitral annulus calcification (62.1%) of them were male, (48.5%) of them were diabetic, (62.1%) of them were hypertensive, (83.3%) of them had hyperlipidemia, (40.9%) of patients had grade 1 mitral annulus calcification. The incidence of ischemic heart diseases diagnosed by TMT was (57.6%). There was significant association between TMT results and grades of mitral annulus calcification. Conclusion: MAC is associated with IHD, grades of mitral annulus calcification are strongly associated with IHD and MAC frequently associated with multiple risk factor of IHD like hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Any patient with MAC should be search for IHD and risk factors of IHD.
Blood pressure-to-height ratio for diagnosing hypertension in adolescents

Background Diagnosing hypertension in children and adolescents is not always straightforward. The blood pressure-to-height ratio (BPHR) has been reported as a screening tool for diagnosing hypertension. Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of blood pressure-to-height ratio for evaluating hypertension in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 healthy adolescents aged 12-17 years in Singkuang, North Sumatera from April to May 2016. Blood pressure tables from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP) Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents were used as our standard of comparison. Sex-specific systolic and diastolic blood pressure-to-height ratios (SBPHR and DBPHR) were calculated. ROC curve analyses were performed to assess the accuracy of BPHR for discriminating between hypertensive and non-hypertensive adolescents. Optimal thresholds of BPHR were determined and validated using 2x2 table analyses. Results The accuracies of BPHR for diagnosing hypertension were > 90% (P 93%, and specificities in both sexes were all >81%. Positive predictive values for SBPHR and DBPHR were 38.7% and 45.2% in boys, respectively; and 55.9% and 42.4% in girls, respectively; negative predictive values in both sexes were all >97%, positive likelihood ratios in both sexes were all >5, and negative likelihood ratios in both sexes were all <1. Conclusion Blood pressure-to-height ratio is a simple screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing hypertension in adolescents.
Does Multiple Labeling Benefit or Harm in Fibromyalgia Patients

A systematic review showed that there is no evidence an accurate diagnosis of fibromyalgia per se could worsen prognosis in patients with this condition [1]. Indeed, it could be useful to reduce healthcare utilization by patients. Nevertheless, social and individual long-term benefits of fibromyalgia diagnosis are not clear as this condition can even eventually become a dramatic stigma for patients [2].
Urine Protein SDS-PAGE Reveals Different Profiles in Iraqi Children with Kala-azar

Urine proteomics have been an area of interest and recently in Kala-azar as an alternative sample type for serum or plasma. Because of simplicity, noninvasiveness of collection and simpler matrix. Many studies had detected an increased protein excretion in the urine of patients with active Kala-azar due to renal involvement particularly by an immunological related mechanism(s). This study have demonstrated the presence of three different protein profiles in Iraqi children (Patients: including 60 children aged 4-60 months) with defined Kala-azar using the conventional SDS-PAGE on urine samples. Urine protein profile in Kala-azar patients revealed three groups of banding patterns: group-1(33.4)% of the patients show the pattern of 5 bands with a MW. Ranged (512.861-158.489), groups-2, 3 were (55, 11.6) % of the patients showing 2 banding proteins with a MW. ranged (512.861-199.526) , (199.526-181.97) respectively. These findings may be correlated with other epidemiological studies that revealed the presence of different clinical presentations like fever, spleenomegally, hepatomegally, thrombocytopaenia, and different response to leishmania therapy. Furthermore, the presence of different protein patterns may also be related to the chronicity of infection and the degree of renal involvement. The presence of a similar protein band between group-1 and 2 may be of diagnostic purpose and further studies on expanded number of patients are required to identify that kind of protein or other urine protein profiles. Key words: Protein band, protein pattern, sodium dodecyl sulphate-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), urine proteome, visceral leishmaniasis.
Carcinogenic Embryonic Antigen Levels in Colorectal Carcinoma and its Correlation with Stage of Disease

Objective: To analyze the CEA levels and its comparison with CRC stage using Duke's stage for colon cancer and tumour-node –metastasis( TNM) system for rectal cancer. Study Design: Single centered Retrospective chart review. Place and Duration: King Abdul-Aziz medical city (King Khalid National Guards hospital and Princess Noorah Oncology Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia form 2004-2009. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single centred case based study. All cases diagnosed as CRC from 2004 to 2009 were studied. Of all 414 cases, CEA data was available in 340 cases while that of T,N,and M was available in 309, 289, and 280 patients respectively. Duke’s stage was available in 340 patients. CEA level more than 5 was considered high. Results: 40% patients had levels more than 5ng/ml. When compared with low and high CEA levels, the difference in the percentage of patients in different N (p value 0.00), M (p value 0.00) and Dukes (p value 0.00) stages was statistically significant while for T stage, age and gender it was not significant. P value was >0.05 for these all.
The Effect of Employee Training Service Quality: The Mediating Role of the Team Organizational Commitment

of a company that tends to run good accessibility to ABSTRACT: This study examines the team organizational commitment in the relationship between employee training and service quality. The training of employees used three variables, i.e., the accessibility of training, support for the training, and the benefits of training. This study used Partial Least Square to test the compli-cated relationship between the training of employees, the team organizational commitment, and service quality. The findings showed that the accessibility of training had an effect on the team organizational commitment, the benefits of training had an effect on the team organizational commitment, support for training had no effect on the team organizational commitment, and organizational commitment had no effect on service quality.
Nuptiality to regulate the commons? The case of the Don Cossacks (South Russia), 1867–1916

Sustainability in the commons has been associated with the optimal net present value controlled by the harvest rate under stationary population. Population growth however disrupts this scheme. In traditional societies, fertility was regulated by age at marriage. In times of population growth and limited resources, economic sustainability then requires that age of marriage should be raised. In the case study of the Don Cossacks, 1867–1916, early marriage, which was an important marker of social cohesion, was too slow to increase when mortality declined, fuelling a population growth that threatened the agrarian economy: age at marriage then appears to be essential to the theory of the commons in traditional societies.
Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional dengan Employee Engagement Karyawan

Kinerja sumber daya manusia yang baik dan buruk dalam suatu organisasi atau perusahaan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa fakto, termasuk kepemimpinan. Gaya kepemimpinan yang masih digunakan sesuai dengan situasi saat ini adalah gaya kepemimpinan transformasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap keterlibatan karyawan karyawan PT. PLN Wilayah Samarinda. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua variabel, variabel dependen yaitu keterlibatan karyawan dan variabel independen yaitu gaya kepemimpinan Transformasional. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan skala. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. PLN sebanyak 63 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis korelasi product moment. Tunjukkan bahwa ada korelasi yang signifikan antara keterlibatan karyawan dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dengan r = 0,653 dan p = 0,000.
Developing a Framework to Shape the Strategic Management of Social Media Activities for an Online Magazine

A common problem amongst non-profit organizations is a lack of procedures guiding social media activities, often resulting in underperforming engagement level. Developing procedures to guide social media actions to overcome low engagement is a managerial problem that needs to be addressed by marketing managers and CMO’s. This thesis applies the action research approach to develop a framework for a non-profit online magazine to shape the strategic management of the organization’s volunteers through the actions of content creation and promotion on social media; resulting in the desired level of engagements. The resulting framework, the Social Media Conversation framework (SMC) which is applicable to the platforms of Twitter and Instagram, can be utilized to alleviate a managerial problem of CMO’s who are failing to obtain adequate social media engagements by providing recommendations that will be useful to making optimal decisions and procedures in respect to digital marketing campaigns based on the analysis of actual data. The SMC has three parts based upon diffusion theories. The first part guides content creators through the content creation process through the stages of topic selection, social monitoring, content style, and content format. The second part of the SMC provides a guide to maximize the social media platform while publishing a post through the use of text, hashtags, content, and self- promotion. The third part of the SMC provides an effective option for marketing managers to advertise Twitter posts through the use of keyword targeting promoted tweets. The actionable knowledge developed from this study was utilized by the magazine to establish procedures to manage the organization’s social media activities.