Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A proposal for analysing the classical limit of kinematic loop gravity

We analyse the classical limit of kinematic loop quantum gravity in which the diffeomorphism and Hamiltonian constraints are ignored. We show that there are no quantum states in which the primary variables of the loop approach, namely the SU(2) holonomies along all possible loops, approximate their classical counterparts. At most a countable number of loops must be specified. To preserve spatial covariance, we choose this set of loops to be based on physical lattices specified by the quasiclassical states themselves. We construct `macroscopic' operators based on such lattices and propose that these operators be used to analyse the classical limit. Thus, our aim is to approximate classical data using states in which appropriate macroscopic operators have low quantum fluctuations. Although, in principle, the holonomies of `large' loops on these lattices could be used to analyse the classical limit, we argue that it may be simpler to base the analysis on an alternate set of `flux'-based operators. We explicitly construct candidate quasiclassical states in two spatial dimensions and indicate how these constructions may generalize to three dimensions. We discuss the less robust aspects of our proposal with a view towards possible modifications. Finally, we show that our proposal also applies to the diffeomorphism-invariant Rovelli model which couples a matter reference system to the Hussain-Kucha{r} model.
HUBUNGAN GAYA HIDUP TERHADAP KEJADIAN STROKE DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH GAMBIRAN KEDIRI

Stroke occupies the third rank of cause of death disease after heart attack and cancer. Moreover, it occupies the first rank of death cause in hospital. In the year 2020, 7.6 million people are estimated will die because of stroke. The highest case occurs in development countries. One of the causes of high number of stroke occurring in Indonesia is unhealthy lifestyle. The aim of this research is to analyze the relation between lifestyle and the possibility of getting stroke, consist respondent characteristics (age and gender), refraction of consuming fatty food and cholesterol, refraction of consuming water, smoking habit and sport activity. This research applied case control study. The numbers of the samples are 72 respondents. The research was in the hospital Gambiran Kediri. Statistical analysis was used Chi Square Test in order to know how the risk was. The result indicated that there was a relation between age, gender, and consumption of fatty food and cholesterol, consumption of water, and smoking habit in the cause of stroke. The most dominant variable as a cause of stroke was smoking habit with value OR= 6,510 [95% Cl (2,248 <OR < 18,850)]. It meant that the respondents with smoking habit had 6,510 times to get stroke compared with the respondents which did not have smoking habit. Therefore, health promotion to public is needed to start to apply a healthy lifestyle so that public awareness will increase. Key words: lifestyle, stroke, health promotion
Correction of the distortion in frequency modulation spectroscopy

A theoretical expression for the detected signal in frequency modulation spectroscopy with a residual amplitude modulation (RAM) is computed. The line shape distortion induced by the RAM is shown to be essentially suppressed for a proper choice of the modulation and detection parameters. The experimental tests are carried out in saturation spectroscopy of I2 at 514.5 nm. Experimental limitations are analysed.
Multi-particle collision dynamics: Flow around a circular and a square cylinder

A particle-based model for mesoscopic fluid dynamics is used to simulate steady and unsteady flows around a circular and a square cylinder in a two-dimensional channel for a range of Reynolds numbers between 10 and 130. Numerical results for the recirculation length, the drag coefficient, and the Strouhal number are reported and compared with previous experimental measurements and computational fluid dynamics data. The good agreement demonstrates the potential of this method for the investigation of complex flows.
A QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON THE TRACHEA OF YOUNG ARABIAN CAMELS (Camelus dromedarius)

The objective of this study was to report comprehensive quantitative morphometric measurements of the trachea of young camels (Camel us dromedarius). Tracheas from 15 young male camels aged between 9 to 12 months were used to measure the length, number of tracheal cartilage rings, inner and outer diameters and thickness of the cartilage rings at four different tracheal regions (cranial cervical, middle cervical, thoracic inlet and intrathoracic). Furthermore, cross sectional area (CSA) of the tracheal rings were measured by two methods; a mathematical equation and a digital image analysis. The mean length of the trachea was 87 ± 0.83 em, while the mean number of the cartilage rings was 77.1 ± 0.35. Diameters of the cartilage ring were smallest at the thoracic inlet regio;l due to changes in tracheal direction and the narrow bone-surrounded thoracic inlet where the trachea enters the thoracic cavity. The ratios of the inner transverse to inner vertical and the outer transverse to outer vertical diameters ranged between 1.08 and 1.34. This indicates that the shape of the trachea in these young camels is near-circular. The CSA measurements obtained by the digital image analysis were 11-14% smaller than the CSA calculated by the mathematical equation (P < 0.01). Using digital image analysis to measure the CSA of tracheal rings provides accurate and reliable measurements. The CSA and cartilage thickness were smallest and thinnest at the thoracic inlet, respectively. This may be an important predisposing factor for tracheal disorders at this region.
Energy Loss at Combining Pipe Junction

Energy loss data for a 90° sharp-edge combining pipe junction were obtained, using a 37-m long, 444-mm diameter plastic pipe with a branch pipe entering about 35 pipe diameters downstream from the upstream end of the pipe. The data cover ratios of branch to main-pipe cross-sectional areas \IA\N\Db\N/\IA\N\Dd\N ranging from 0.02 to 0.21 and ratios of branch to main-pipe discharge \IQ\N\Db\N/\IQ\N\Dd\N ranging from 0 to 1. At flow situations defined by these ranges there are few energy loss data available and no satisfactory theory. The study includes an investigation of specific flow features at the junction including the velocity and pressure distribution in the branch flow at its exit into the main pipe. A momentum analysis is performed to show that a satisfactory description of the momentum balance must include the momentum contributions associated with: (1) The deflection and distortion of the branch-flow velocity distribution prior to the exit of the branch flow into the main pipe; and (2) the increase in wall shear stress in the main pipe due to the local deformation of the main-flow velocity distribution. The data show that the fully developed pipe flow is re-established about 50 pipe diameters downstream from the pipe junction.
MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with VLBA Experiments. I. First-Epoch 15 GHz Linear Polarization Images

We present first-epoch, milliarcsecond-scale linear polarization images at 15 GHz of 133 jets associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from the MOJAVE (Monitoring of Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with VLBA Experiments) survey. MOJAVE is a long-term observational program to study the structure and evolution of relativistic outflows in AGNs. The sample consists of all known AGNs with Galactic latitude |b| > 2. °5, J2000.0 declination greater than -20°, and correlated 15 GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) flux density exceeding 1.5 Jy (2 Jy for sources below the celestial equator) at any epoch during the period 1994–2003. Of the 133 AGNs that satisfy these criteria, 96 are also part of the VLBA 2 cm Survey. Because of strong selection effects, the sample is dominated by blazars with parsec-scale morphologies consisting of a bright core component at the extreme end of a one-sided jet. At least one-third of the cores are completely unresolved on the longest VLBA baselines, indicating brightness temperatures above 1011 K. These cores tend to have electric vectors that are better aligned with the inner jet direction, possibly indicating the presence of a stationary shock near the base of the jet. The linear polarization levels of the cores are generally low (<5%), but many of the extended jet regions display exceedingly high fractional polarizations (>50%) and electric vectors aligned with the jet ridge line, consistent with optically thin emission from transverse shocks. The cores and jets of the radio galaxies show very little or no linear polarization. Both the weak- and strong-lined blazar classes (BL Lac objects and high-polarization radio quasars) show a general increase in fractional polarization with distance down the jet, but the BL Lac jets are generally more polarized and have electric vectors preferentially aligned with the local jet direction. We show that these differences are intrinsic to the jets and not the result of observational biases. We find that distinct features in the jets of gamma-ray-loud (EGRET) blazars are typically twice as luminous as those in non-EGRET blazars and are more highly linearly polarized. These differences can be adequately explained if gamma-ray blazars have higher Doppler-boosting factors, as the result of better alignment with the line of sight and/or higher bulk Lorentz factors.
The Spectrum and Term Analysis of Co II

High-resolution spectra of singly ionized cobalt have been recorded by Fourier transform spectrometry in the region 1420-33333 Å (70422-3000 cm-1) with cobalt-neon and cobalt-argon hollow cathode lamps as sources. Most of the Co II lines exhibit broadening due to hyperfine structure, but the wavenumber uncertainty for the center of gravity of the strongest lines is less than 0.002 cm-1. Of the previously listed energy levels of Co II, 215 have been revised and six have been discarded. In addition, 171 new levels have been found of which 125 are reported here for the first time. The number of classified lines has doubled with wavenumbers and classifications being presented for 2373 Co II lines, of which 1242 involve the new levels.
Gamma rays from the annihilation of singlet scalar dark matter

We consider an extension of the Standard Model by a singlet scalar that accounts for the dark matter of the Universe. Within this model we compute the expected gamma ray flux from the annihilation of dark matter particles in a consistent way. To do so, an updated analysis of the parameter space of the model is first presented. By enforcing the relic density constraint from the very beginning, the viable parameter space gets reduced to just two variables: the singlet mass and the higgs mass. Current direct detection constraints are then found to require a singlet mass larger than 50 GeV. Finally, we compute the gamma ray flux and annihilation cross section and show that a large fraction of the viable parameter space lies within the sensitivity of Fermi-GLAST.
On the bulk yields of nucleosynthesis from massive stars.

Preliminary estimates are made of the absolute yields of abundant nuclei synthesized in observed stars. The compositions of nine helium stars of mass 3 or =10M/sub sun/ is estimated. A variety of choices for the initial mass function (IMF) are used to calculate the yield per stellar generation. For standard choices of the (IMF) the absolute and relative yields of /sup 12/C, /sup 16/O, /sup 20/Ne, /sup 24/Mg, the Si to Ca group, and the iron group agree with solar system values, to the accuracy of the calculations. The relative yields are surprisingly insensitive to the slope of the IMF. In a second approach, using standard estimates (Ostriker, Richstone, and Thuan) for the current rate of stellar death, I find the present rate of nucleosynthesis in the solar neighborhood to be about 10%of the average rate over galactic history. This result is consistent with many standard models of galactic evolution (for example, the Schmidt model in which star formation goes as gasmore » density squared). It appears that if the star formation rate is high enough to produce the stars we see around us, then the nucleosynthesis rate is large enough to produce the processed nuclei (except /sup 4/He) seen in those stars. The typical nucleosynthesis source is massive (Mapprox. =30 M/sub sun/); the death rate of such stars is a small fraction (3-10%) of recent estimates of the total rate of supernovae. « less
Planejamento familiar e a saúde do homem na visão das enfermeiras

Objetivo: Objetivou conhecer a visao das enfermeiras sobre a busca das acoes e servicos de planejamento familiar pelos homens nos municipios de uma regional de saude do Rio Grande do Sul. Metodos: Estudo qualitativo realizado, entre julho e outubro de 2009, atraves de entrevista semiestruturada, com 22 enfermeiras. Resultados: Nos resultados emergiram as categorias: O homem e os fatores limitantes do acesso aos servicos de planejamento familiar e homens e seus motivos pela busca aos servicos de planejamento familiar. Os resultados mostraram que os homens buscam os servicos para receberem preservativos ou para fazerem diagnostico de alguma patologia, associada ou nao a sua saude sexual. Conclusao: O imaginario do homem como invulneravel ou do planejamento familiar com responsabilidade das mulheres pode estar associado ao afastamento deles dos servicos, porem as barreiras de acesso e a indisponibilidade de algumas acoes vinculadas ao sistema de saude podem ser os maiores entraves.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation of the Heat Transfer Enhancement on the Twin Impingement Jet Mechanism

This article presents a study which sought to enhance heat transfer by employing a twin jet impingement mechanism (TJIM) and investigating the impact of the distance between the nozzles and plate on the Nusselt number (Nu) and heat transfer coefficient. This investigation was additionally based on the measurements of the heat flux temperature micro foil sensor and IR thermal imaging. A computational study of the cooling heated plate, through simulating the electronic components by the TJIM, was investigated using the RNG k-e turbulence model. The jet-plate position was changed at the different jet-to-plate distances S = 1, 6, and 11 cm, Reynolds number = 17,000. The main flow structure, the static pressure, local and average Nus and heat transfer coefficient, were also examined. The findings have yielded new information about TJIM, and represent a new contribution about the flow and heat transfer characteristics of TJIM, and means of improving the rate of heat transfer in the passive heat transfer technique. The results of the various positions of the TJIM determined that the first model is, in fact, the best model for the heat transfer coefficient and the highest Nu, when S = 1 cm and H = 1 cm. Furthermore, the irregular distribution of the local Nu and the local heat transfer coefficient (h) on the impinged surface are due to the increase or decrease in the turbulence of flow on the measured surface.
Propagation of cold pulses and heat pulses in ASDEX Upgrade

Experiments on electron heat transport were performed in the tokamak ASDEX Upgrade, mainly in ohmically heated plasmas, applying either edge cooling with laser blow-off impurity injection or edge heat pulses with ECRH. Repetitive pulses within one plasma discharge were made allowing Fourier transformation of the temperature perturbation, yielding a good signal to noise ratio up to high harmonics and a detailed investigation of the pulse propagation. For densities lower than 1.8 × 1019m-3, an increase of central electron temperature was found as the response to edge cooling via impurity injection similar to observations made in the TEXT, TFTR, RTP and Tore Supra tokamaks. The inversion does not appear instantaneously, but with a time delay roughly compatible with diffusion. Modelling of the propagation of the cold pulses in the framework of the IFS-PPPL model yields qualitative agreement. However, the predicted increase of ion temperature is not observed experimentally on a fast timescale. The response to ECRH heat pulses is not perfectly symmetrical to cold pulse experiments, but the similarities suggest a common underlying physical mechanism. No inversion of the heat pulse is found, instead the initial pulse from the edge is associated with a second, much slower, heat pulse in the centre. This central reaction is in fact quite similar (and not symmetrical) to that of the cold pulses. By varying the position of the ECRH deposition it could be shown that the central increase is related to the arrival of the pulse close to the inversion radius and not to the initial pulse. Modelling was performed to investigate the possible physics mechanisms and for comparison with the cold pulses.
One-loop correction effects on supernova neutrino fluxes: a new possible probe for Beyond Standard Models

We present the consequences of a large radiative correction term coming from Supersymmetry (SUSY) upon the electron neutrino fluxes streaming off a core-collapse supernova using a 3-flavour neutrino-neutrino interaction code. We explore the interplay between the neutrino-neutrino interaction and the effects of the resonance associated with the μ−τ neutrino index of refraction. We find that sizeable effects may be visible in the flux on Earth and, consequently, on the number of events upon the energy signal of electron neutrinos in a liquid argon detector. Such effects could lead to a probe for Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics and, ideally, to constraints in the SUSY parameter space.
Enhancing the performance of PV system in dusty environment

Recently, Solar Photovoltaic has been reported to be one of the fastest growing renewable energy technologies for electricity generation due to its eco-friendly and flexible operation. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of dust on the performance of photovoltaic panels in Kuwait and develop a Concentrated PV system utilizing three dimensional solar concentrators with water cooling to maintain low PV module temperature. A detailed investigation was carried out to develop a 3D concentrator for the Pseudo-Squared shaped PV cells (3D-PSCPV) including optical, electrical and thermal performance under the effect of dust. The optical performance of clean and dusty 3D-PSCPV systems was investigated through advanced ray tracing techniques using OptisWorksTM software. Results showed that with the increase of the concentrator surface reflectivity, the optical efficiency and irradiance uniformity improved where the highest optical efficiency of 91.6% was achieved with reflectivity of 90%. The optimal concentrators’ height for concentration ratio of 2X, 4X and 6X are 45, 145 and 250mm, respectively. Regarding the effect of dust on the system efficiency, results showed that the average irradiance received by the PV was reduced by up to 17%.
Recognition of Road Type and Quality for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems with Deep Learning

To develop effective advanced driving assistance systems, it is important to accurately recognize current driving environments and make critical decisions about driving processes. Preventing accidents through the interaction between the driving assistance systems and the environment and ensuring optimum driving dynamics are the main topics in this field. Vehicles need to recognize the road type and quality at a high accuracy to ensure the most suitable driving for the road type. It is also important to use both uncomplicated and cost-effective systems when performing this detection. In this study, a deep learning-based approach that can be used in vehicle driver assistance systems is proposed to automatically recognize road type and quality. Using this approach, it is possible to determine the road type and the quality of the road using only driving images as the input data. A new convolutional neural network model is designed for classification of the driving images. Driving images obtained from Google Street View are used to evaluate the recognition system for an actual driving environment. The proposed approach shows that the road types were determined with accuracy of 91.41 %, and the pothole road–smooth road distinction was successful at 91.07 %. It can be said that the proposed method is an effective structure that can be used for advanced driving support systems, V2I communications systems, and similar intelligent transportation systems. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eie. 24.6. 22293
Ion Channeling in Direct Dark Matter Detection

Author(s): Bozorgnia, Nassim | Advisor(s): Gelmini, Graciela B | Abstract: The channeling of the ion recoiling after a collision with a WIMP changes the ionization signal in direct detection experiments, producing a larger signal than otherwise expected. We give estimates of the fraction of channeled recoiling ions in NaI (Tl), Si, Ge, CsI, and solid Xe, Ar and Ne crystals using analytic models produced since the 1960's and 70's to describe channeling and blocking effects. We find that the channeling fraction of recoiling lattice nuclei is smaller than that of ions that are injected into the crystal and that it is strongly temperature dependent. Channeling is a directional effect which depends on the velocity distribution of WIMPs in the dark halo of our Galaxy and could lead to a daily modulation of the signal. We compute upper bounds to the expected amplitude of daily modulation due to channeling using our estimates of the channeling fractions. After developing the general formalism, we examine the possibility of finding a daily modulation due to channeling in the data already collected by the DAMA experiment. We find that even the largest daily modulation amplitudes would not be observable for WIMPs in the standard halo in the 13 years of data taken by the DAMA collaboration. For these to be observable the DAMA total rate should be 1/40 of what it is or the total DAMA exposure should be 40 times larger. The daily modulation due to channeling will be difficult to measure in future experiments.
Investigations on pneumatically forced-actuated compressor valves

In the present paper the performance of a novel designed valve for reciprocating piston machines is investigated, which makes existing compressors utilizable for operating as expander. Three design parameters were identified as critical for the valves performance particularly in forced actuated mode. Within a numerical simulation a study on the crucial geometrical parameters, the influence could be observed. Afterwards the experimental setup for the integral test of the valve design is presented and also additional tests for single valve components.