Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The platform press: how Silicon Valley reengineered journalism

The inuence of social media platforms and technology companies is having a greater effect on American journalism than even the shift from print to digital. There is a rapid takeover of traditional publishers' roles by companies including Facebook, Snapchat, Google, and Twitter shows no sign of slowing, and which raises serious questions over how the costs of journalism will be supported. These companies have evolved beyond their role as distribution channels, and now control what audiences see and who gets paid for their attention, and even what format and type of journalism flourishes. Publishers are continuing to push more of their journalism to third-party platforms despite no guarantee of consistent return on investment. Publishing is no longer the core activity of certain news organizations. This trend will continue as news companies give up more of the traditional functions of publishers. This report, part of an ongoing study by the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia Journalism School, charts the convergence between journalism and platform companies. In the span of 20 years, journalism has experienced three signicant changes in business and distribution models: the switch from analog to digital, the rise of the social web, and now the dominance of mobile. This last phase has seen large technology companies dominate the markets for attention and advertising and has forced news organizations to rethink their processes and structures.
Severe Muscle Deconditioning Triggers Early Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Resident Stem Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes in Healthy Men

Besides the loss of muscle mass and strength, increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is now a well-recognized consequence of muscle deconditioning as experienced in prolonged microgravity. IMAT content may alter the muscle stem cell microenvironment. We hypothesized that extracellular matrix structure alterations and microenvironment remodeling induced by fast and severe muscle disuse could modulate fibro-adipogenic progenitor fate and behavior. We used the dry immersion (DI) model that rapidly leads to severe muscle deconditioning due to drastic hypoactivity. We randomly assigned healthy volunteers (n = 18 men) to the control group (only DI, n = 9; age = 33.8 ± 4) or to the DI + thigh cuff group (n = 9; age = 33.4 ± 7). Participants remained immersed in the supine position in a thermo-neutral water bath for 5 days. We collected vastus lateralis biopsies before (baseline) and after DI. 5 days of DI are sufficient to reduce muscle mass significantly, as indicated by the decreased myofiber cross-sectional area in vastus lateralis samples (−18% vs. baseline, p < 0.05). Early and late adipogenic differentiation transcription factors protein levels were upregulated. Platelet-derived growth Factors alpha (PDGFR⍺) protein level and PDGFR⍺-positive cells were increased after 5 days of DI. Extracellular matrix structure was prone to remodeling with an altered ECM composition with 4 major collagens, fibronectin, and Connective Tissue Growth Factor mRNA decreases (p < 0.001 vs. baseline). Wearing thigh cuffs did not have any preventive effect on the measured variable. Our results show that altered extracellular matrix structure and signaling pathways occur early during DI, a severe muscle wasting model, favoring fibro-adipogenic progenitor differentiation into adipocytes.
Performance evaluation of cellular layouts: Extension to DRC system contexts

This study involves a comparison of the performance of functional layouts (FL) and cellular manufacturing (CM) systems in a dual-resource-constrained (DRC) system context. Past studies of FL and CM have been based mostly on single-resource-constrained (SRC) systems. Recent studies have included labour-related factors, but have assumed high labour flexibility levels, and shown the superiority of CM. In this study we assume more realistic levels of labour flexibility, and factors such as lot size, set-up reduction, labour assignment and transfer rule, and scheduling rules. The parameter range in which CM can outperform efficiently operated FL, in a DRC context, are indicated.
Different Variation of Intra-familial Body Mass Index subjected to Covid-19 Lockdown.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown has represented an inedited model of increased metabolic risk in all age groups, due to negative changes in dietary habits, physical activity, lifestyle. These effects have been generally explored at a population level in distinct age groups. Potential intra-familial, specific effects in adults and children sharing the same socio-economic, cultural level and living habits have been scarcely explored. We aimed to characterize changes of anthropometric indices in parents and in their children during COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS A cohort of 149 couple parent/children were prospectively enrolled. By a validated questionnaire we explored changes of body mass index (BMI) and individual lifestyle during a 2-month lockdown (May- July 2020). RESULTS BMI increased in 70.5% of parents and in 67.8% of their children, with a Δ-BMI of 1.44+0.09 kg/ m 2 and 0.36+0.02 Kg/m 2 , respectively. BMI increments, however, were only significant in adults and did not correlate in the couple parents/children. Most adults (80.5%) and children (71.4%) did not perform regular physical activity during the lockdown. Direct correlations between dietary changes and BMI variations became evident in children, mainly in terms of a decreased consumption of fresh fruit, pulses, fish, and an increased consumption of cereals, carbohydrates, dairy products, olive oil. In normal weight, overweight and obese children, but not in adults, the increase in sleep hours increased with BMI. CONCLUSIONS Despite marked lifestyle changes imposed by the COVID-19 lockdown, BMI variations in parents were independent from those observed in their children, pointing to different outcomes in response to the same external, critical event. Thus, primary prevention measures aimed at maintaining a healthy lifestyle require different approaches according to age.
Trace elements and in situ sulfur isotopes of pyrite from the Baiyunpu Au deposit in central Hunan, South China: Implications for gold mineralization

The Central Hunan metallogenic province, located in the southeastern part of the Yangtze Block, South China, is one of the most important Sb–Au metallogenic belts in China. The Baiyunpu gold deposit is one of the important Carlin‐type gold deposits occurring in Devonian sedimentary strata in Central Hunan. Optical microscopy and in situ laser ablation (multi‐collector) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐[MC]‐ICP‐MS) are used to determine the texture, trace element compositions and sulfur isotope for pyrites from the pre‐ore and syn‐ore stages to constrain the sources of reduced sulfur and metals and the mechanism of gold precipitation. Four generations of pyrite were identified by petrography and pyrite compositions. Pre‐ore Py1 is characterized by relatively low concentrations of As, Au, Sb and Cu and high concentrations of Co, Ni, Bi and Pb. Py1 has positive δ34S values of 6.5–10.1‰, which we ascribe to a bacterial reduction of marine sulfate in closed marine systems, or from weak Rayleigh fractionation by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) or thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) during sedimentary‐diagenetic processes. Pre‐ore Py2 presents as rims of Py1 and contains relatively high As (69,530 ppm), Sb (123.2 ppm) and low Au (4.89 ppm). Compared with Py2, Py3 has relatively high Au (194.4 ppm) and Cu (24.6 ppm) and low As (40,801 ppm). We interpret that Py2 and Py3 could have precipitated from an Au‐free but As‐rich early hydrothermal fluids or from low‐Au and As‐rich fluids at the beginning of the ore stage. The δ34S values of Py2 and Py3 in the Baiyunpu deposit are concentrated in a narrow range of −1.2 to 1.2‰, suggesting the involvement of magmatic sulfur. Syn‐ore pyrites (Opy) are enriched in Au (517.8 ppm), As (39,719 ppm), Cu (261.9 ppm) and Sb (171.4 ppm). Irregular boundaries between Py1 and Opy suggest that the replacement may have been important for the formation of pyrites at the syn‐ore stage. The variation of As concentration in Opy1, Opy2 and Opy3 appear to have recorded fluctuations in the chemical composition of ore fluids. The δ34S values of Opy (0.1–5.9‰) are slightly higher than Py2 and Py3 due to mixing with sedimentary components with elevated δ34S values in late‐stage hydrothermal fluids. Profile analyses for Baiyunpu auriferous pyrite grains suggest that Au was positively correlated with Cu, but not with As. The correlation between Au, Cu and As in Opy may be dominated by their concentrations of ambient evolving fluids.
Technical and Economic Comparison between Direct Current and Half Wavelength Transmission Systems for Very Long Distances

This study presents the results of technical and economic analysis of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system and high-voltage alternating current transmission system for bulk transmission over very long distances. The last is a point-to-point transmission that does not need reactive compensation and does not have intermediate substations, the half-wavelength transmission (HWL). Special attention is paid to reliability and ways to meet the N - 1 criteria regarding security and adequacy. Single-circuit lines instead of double-circuit ones are considered for economic and environmental reasons ensuring the same reliability when clearing the most frequent line-to-ground (or single-pole) fault. For this, single-circuit line with reserve phase for HWL and quadripolar single-circuit line for HVDC are proposed. The analysed system considered Brazilian electrical system conditions: 6000 MW transmission over 2500 km. This study highlights the advantages of applying a reserve phase for HWLs and a third converter substation increase to cope with system security with minimum cost. It is shown that the single-circuit HWL with reserve phase has an investment 30% lower than that for HVDC, resulting in a total yearly cost 15% lower.
The RAL Enigma: Distinct Roles of RALA and RALB in Cancer

RALA and RALB are highly homologous small G proteins belonging to the RAS superfamily. Like other small GTPases, the RALs are molecular switches that can be toggled between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate diverse and critical cellular functions such as vesicle trafficking, filopodia formation, mitochondrial fission, and cytokinesis. The RAL paralogs are activated and inactivated by a shared set of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and utilize similar sets of downstream effectors. In addition to their important roles in normal cell biology, the RALs are known to be critical mediators of cancer cell survival, invasion, migration, and metastasis. However, despite their substantial similarities, the RALs often display striking functional disparities in cancer. RALA and RALB can have redundant, unique, or even antagonistic functions depending on cancer type. The molecular basis for these discrepancies remains an important unanswered question in the field of cancer biology. In this review we examine the functions of the RAL paralogs in normal cellular physiology and cancer biology with special consideration provided to situations where the roles of RALA and RALB are non-redundant.
The Role of Financial Behavior in Shaping the Sustainability of Financial Satisfaction Among Millennials in Jakarta

This research is intended to analyze the effect of financial knowledge, financial attitude and financial socialization towards financial satisfaction with financial behavior mediating the relations in respect to the 12 th Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), responsible consumption. The sample for this research are young millennials aged 17-26 living in Jakarta. Cluster sampling method was used to collect 255 respondents by way of spreading questionnaires using Google forms through online channels such as social media. The data processing technique used is structural equation modelling utilizing the SmartPLS.3. 2.9 program. The result of this study reveals that millennials in Jakarta lacks financial knowledge resulting in poor financial behavior. This research also indicates that financial knowledge no longer pioneers the creation of favourable financial behavior; but rather, it is financial socialization that plays a huge role in shaping millennials financial behavior which in turn significantly influences their financial satisfaction.
Gender representation and academic achievement among STEM‐interested students in college STEM courses

Abstract Substantial gender equity gaps in postsecondary degree completion persist within many science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines, and these disparities have not narrowed during the 21st century. Various explanations of this phenomenon have been offered; one possibility that has received limited attention is that the sparse representation of women itself has adverse effects on the academic achievement—and ultimately the persistence and graduation—of women who take STEM courses. This study explored the relationship between two forms of gender representation (i.e., the proportion of female students within a course and the presence of a female instructor) and grades within a sample of 11,958 STEM‐interested undergraduates enrolled in 8686 different STEM courses at 20 colleges and universities. Female student representation within a course predicted greater academic achievement in STEM for all students, and these findings were generally stronger among female students than male students. Female students also consistently benefitted more than male students from having a female STEM instructor. These findings were largely similar across a range of student and course characteristics and were robust to different analytic approaches; a notable exception was that female student representation had particularly favorable outcomes for female students (relative to male students) within mathematics/statistics and computer science courses.
Insights into Rural Stress: Using the Community Capitals Framework to Help Inform Rural Policies and Interventions

Communities in rural America have experienced significant decline over the past century. Professionals working within these communities, such as extension or community development professionals, may leverage their position as trusted sources to decrease negative outcomes associated with novel and emerging societal problems, such as rural stress. This study was grounded in the community capitals framework and sought to examine the importance of capitals relative to the perception of rural stress. A sample of extension agents from a southeastern land-grant university in the United States provided rating and ranking data. A modified Borda Count and weighted ranking score were computed to generate a heuristic ranking of capitals relative to importance to rural stress. Human and natural capital were consistently regarded as highly important, while cultural and built–financial capital were consistently sorted to the bottom. Therefore, human and natural capital may represent critical entry points for professionals to develop programming related to rural stress perceptions and coping mechanisms. Overall, the results of this study support the continued use of the community capitals framework to guide community development strategies that address rural stress concerns and provides evidence to inform rural development policies and interventions. Such strategies should involve community members to facilitate an inside-out approach and develop sustainable solutions based on local knowledge and needs.
MicroPET Imaging Assessment of Brain Tau and Amyloid Deposition in 6 × Tg Alzheimer’s Disease Model Mice

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau imaging are widely used for diagnosing and monitoring AD in clinical settings. We evaluated the pathology of a recently developed 6 × Tg − AD (6 × Tg) mouse model by crossbreeding 5 × FAD mice with mice expressing mutant (P301L) tau protein using micro-positron emission tomography (PET) image analysis. PET studies were performed in these 6 × Tg mice using [18F]Flutemetamol, which is an amyloid PET radiotracer; [18F]THK5351 and [18F]MK6240, which are tau PET radiotracers; moreover, [18F]DPA714, which is a translocator protein (TSPO) radiotracer, and comparisons were made with age-matched mice of their respective parental strains. We compared group differences in standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), kinetic parameters, biodistribution, and histopathology. [18F]Flutemetamol images showed prominent cortical uptake and matched well with 6E10 staining images from 2-month-old 6 × Tg mice. [18F]Flutemetamol images showed a significant correlation with [18F]DPA714 in the cortex and hippocampus. [18F]THK5351 images revealed prominent hippocampal uptake and matched well with AT8 immunostaining images in 4-month-old 6 × Tg mice. Moreover, [18F]THK5351 images were confirmed using [18F]MK6240, which revealed significant correlations in the cortex and hippocampus. Uptake of [18F]THK5351 or [18F]MK6240 was highly correlated with [18F]Flutemetamol in 4-month-old 6 × Tg mice. In conclusion, PET imaging revealed significant age-related uptake of Aβ, tau, and TSPO in 6 × Tg mice, which was highly correlated with age-dependent pathology.
Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Patients with Alcohol and/or Cocaine Use Disorders and Their Association with Psychiatric Comorbidity and Sex

(1) Background: Co-occurrence of mental and substance use disorders (SUD) is prevalent, but complicates their clinical courses, and specific biomarkers are required. Amino acids are altered in primary mental disorders; however, little is known about SUD and psychiatric comorbidity. Because most psychiatric disorders and biomarkers show sex differences, we investigated amino acids in men and women with alcohol and/or cocaine use disorders (AUD and/or CUD) and psychiatric comorbidity. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 295 participants, who were divided into four groups (AUD, n = 60; CUD, n = 41; AUD + CUD, n = 64; and control, n = 130). Participants were clinically assessed, and plasma amino acid concentrations were analyzed in relation to sex, diagnosis of SUD and psychiatric comorbidity (3) Results: In the total sample, there were sex differences, and women showed lower Iso, Leu, Gln and Glu than men. While patients with CUD and AUD + CUD had higher Glu, Gly, Orn and Ser than controls, patients with AUD showed no differences. In SUD, patients with psychiatric comorbidity had lower Orn and higher Ala than non-comorbid patients in the AUD group. (4) Conclusions: There was a dysregulation of plasma amino acids in abstinent patients with SUD. However, our results suggest the importance of considering the clinical characteristics and sex in the validity of amino acids as potential biomarkers for SUD.
Processing yield and meat quality of cachara Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum and hybrid cachapinta P. reticulatum × P. corruscans

Abstract Hybrid cachapinta (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) has been a very popular fish and is well accepted by consumers internationally, however, there is a lack of information showing its advantages relative to its parental cachara (P. reticulatum) species. This study was undertaken to compare the processing yield and meat quality characteristics of cachara and the cachapinta hybrid raised in net cages. Cachara’s weight was 1.51 ± 0.27 kg and total length was 49.85 ± 6.22 cm at harvest and was not significantly different from hybrid cachapinta that weighed 1.50 ± 0.11 kg and measured 50.83 ± 3.91 cm. Additionally, the two groups were not statistically different on gutted fish dress out (cachara: 89.97 ± 1.28%; cachapinta: 90.23 ± 0.30%) and other processing yield parameters. Skinless shank fillets with an average weight of 503.77 ± 0.10 g (cachara) and 514.41 ± 0.04 g, (hybrid cachapinta) were evaluated for pH, water holding capacity, colour (L*, a*, b*), shear force and lipid oxidation (TBARS). There were no differences in the fillet meat quality between cachara and hybrid cachapinta tested in this study. In conclusion, both genetic groups had similar processing yield and fillet meat quality characteristics when produced in net cages. HIGHLIGHTS The perceived improvements in growth and disease-resistance generated by hybrid vigour are the main reasons for interest and use of hybrid fishes. It is difficult to systematically predict processing yield and meat quality obtained from hybrids. Processing yields and meat quality are similar for cachara and hybrid cachapinta produced in net cages.
Modelling and Analysis Capabilities for Lightweight Masts

Abstract : This study was undertaken to address modelling and analysis capabilities for metallic and composite mast structures, required by DREA in their effort to investigate lightweight masts for the Halifax Class frigate, as part of midlife refit. The study focussed on three main areas. First, a review of finite element formulations for composite shell structures was performed to provide an understanding of the kinematic theories, failure and damage mechanisms, and element types that can be suitably used for composite mast structures. Next, an overview of metallic and composite mast structures used world-wide was undertaken to identify various mast configurations and finally, the design and development of a prototype mast analysis software (MAST AS) was implemented. It was shown that finite elements based on the Equivalent Single Layer (ESL) theories, such as the classical laminate plate (CLPT) and first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) can provide reasonable approximations of global response quantities, such as natural frequencies, buckling loads, strain energy and global displacements. On the other hand, higher order ESL theories or layerwise theories would be required to compute detailed stresses at cutouts, connections and other critical locations. It was also shown that for better accuracy of modelling damage in composites, it is necessary to use progressive failure concepts. There are four main types of masts, namely, polemasts (stayed and unstayed), tripod, lattice, and enclosed masts used on naval ships. The polemast, the simplest form of mast, is found on naval ships, including some auxiliary Canadian vessels. The lattice mast is by far the most common type found on Canadian as well as other navy ships. The tripod mast, which has the advantage of requiring smaller space for installation (compared to the lattice mast) is found mainly on ships of the US Navy but not Canadian ships.