Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A continuous frequency tuning Fabry–Perot Cavity antenna with stable radiation performance

Abstract This paper presents a continuous frequency tuning Fabry–Perot Cavity (FPC) antenna of which the operating frequency can be varied from 4.87 to 5.84 GHz (18.1%). The cavity of the proposed antenna is excited by a double-layer antenna structure, which is made up of a main square patch and a parasitic one. The superstrate is a frequency-selective surface, consisting of 6 × 6 square-patch-type unit cells. The frequency tuning property is realized by employing 48 phase-changing elements placed around the main patch, which forms a reconfigurable high impedance surface (HIS). By controlling the biasing voltages of the varactors inserted in the HIS element, its capacitances and reflection phases can be varied continuously, which leads to a variation of the operating frequency. An antenna prototype has been fabricated and measured for validation. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones. In the frequency tuning range, the measured realized gains have a smaller variation from 10.2 to 14.1 dBi compared with other reported frequency tuning FPC antennas.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PINE NEEDLES EXPOSED TO POLLUTION IN SILESIA, POLAND: CARBON ISOTOPES, iWUE, AND TRACE ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN PINE NEEDLES

ABSTRACT Here, we present the results of carbon isotope and elemental analysis of one-year-old Pinus Sylvestris L. needles collected in 2021 from 10 sampling sites in a highly populated and industrialized area of Poland. The needles were exposed to air pollution for one year. The chemical analysis of the samples was performed using different methods: radiocarbon analysis by accelerator mass spectrometry, stable isotope analysis using isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. Variations in the carbon isotopes and elemental composition of pine needles were due to a mixture of carbon dioxide originating from different sources such as households, vehicle traffic, and industrial factories.
Fifth-Order Perturbation Solution to DSGE Models

This paper derives a fifth-order perturbation solution to DSGE models. Solutions of this order are required in models with rare disasters (Barro 2006), where lower order solutions fail to approximate accurately the true solution. The paper develops a new notation that is simpler than the standard notation of Schmitt-Grohe and Uribe (2004). Specifically, the perturbation parameter is treated as a state variable and the model is presented as a composite function. This yields a notational gain that rises exponentially with the perturbation order. Further notational gain is obtained by developing a compact matrix notation for high order chain rules. Finally, memory constraints are relaxed by exploiting symmetry and sparsity of the model derivatives.
Safety and Efficacy of Endoscopic Removal of Common Bile Duct Stones in Elderly Patients ≥90 Years of Age

Objective We examined the safety and efficacy of endoscopic stone removal for choledocholithiasis in elderly patients ≥90 years of age with native papilla and compared the outcomes with those in patients 75-89 years of age. Methods This multicenter retrospective study included 569 patients 75-89 years of age and 126 patients ≥90 years of age who had native papilla and underwent therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for choledocholithiasis at 3 institutions in Japan between April 2012 and March 2018. The main outcomes assessed were the incidence of post-ERCP complications during hospitalization and outcomes of ERCP in patients ≥90 years of age. Results Biliary cannulation and subsequent endoscopic sphincterotomy, endoscopic balloon dilation, and endoscopic large balloon dilation were successful in 97.7% of patients 75-89 years of age and in 98.4% of patients ≥90 years of age. There was no significant difference in the incidence of post-ERCP complications between patients 75-89 years of age and those ≥90 years of age (7.7% vs. 9.5%, respectively; p=0.47). Although the rate of use of mechanical lithotripter was not significantly different, the rate of complete stone removal in patients ≥90 years of age was lower than that in patients 75-89 years of age (81.0% vs. 94.9%, respectively; p<0.001). In all cases with incomplete stone removal in both groups, permanent biliary stent placement was successful. Conclusion ERCP for choledocholithiasis in elderly patients ≥90 years of age is a safe and effective procedure; however, endoscopists should select appropriate strategies after considering each patient's medical condition and background.
The Variable Continuous Bimaterial Interface in the San Jacinto Fault Zone Revealed by Dense Seismic Array Analysis of Fault Zone Head Waves

Key factors controlling earthquake ruptures include fault geometry, continuity, and seismic velocity structure around the fault. We present a novel tool that better informs deep bimaterial fault geometry embedded in distributed damage and seismicity, associated velocity contrasts across the fault, and their correlations with surface complexities. The method employs fault zone head and direct body waves and is applied to recordings from five spatiotemporally different seismic arrays along the complex San Jacinto fault zone (SJFZ) in southern California. We detect and distinguish these signals based on instantaneous phase coherence and relative energy in a cascading manner from one scale array to another. The analysis reveals a >70‐km long continuous bimaterial interface within the SJFZ with several deep northeast dipping fault segments. The northern SJFZ, for instance, locates ∼7 km northeast of its surface expression at 18‐km depth. P‐wave velocity contrasts range from near 0% to >15%, consistent with other bimaterial faults, and differ by a few % depending on fault‐array azimuth, implying directional‐dependent velocity contrasts. S‐wave head waves and velocity contrasts are also imaged for the first time at the southern SJFZ, averaging to 2.9% in agreement with tomography results. The imaged geometry and continuity suggest the SJFZ initiated along remnant tectonic structures and translates to a rupture potential of M > 7.2, i.e., the sizes of its largest paleo‐earthquakes. The P and S contrasts, and their ratios, have important implications for earthquake rupture speed, mode, directivity, and frictional heating along the SJFZ and other major faults globally.
What can we expect from patellar denervation in knee arthroplasty? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Denervation by electrocauterization was proposed to be efficient in preventing anterior knee pain (AKP) following arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of patellar denervation (PD) in primary knee arthroplasty. Systematic search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalKey databases until July 2022 for published articles. The quantitative analyses were carried out by Review Manager 5.4 software. Twenty-one studies were included. Overall incidence of AKP, visual analog scale (VAS), and knee society score were significantly superior in PD group. Denervation also showed better outcomes in incidence of AKP at each follow-up time point, and in VAS and range of motion (ROM) at ≤3 months. Subanalyses based on depth of electrocautery showed statistically better results with 2–3 mm depth in VAS and PS compared to ≤1 mm. This study concluded that PD might contribute to lower incidence of knee pain. Patients who expect quicker recovery in pain and ROM may benefit from this procedure.
The photometric properties of brightest cluster galaxies. I - Absolute magnitudes in 116 nearby Abell clusters

Two-color aperture photometry of the brightest galaxies in a complete sample of nearby Abell clusters is presented. The results are used to anchor the bright end of the Hubble diagram; essentially the entire formal error for this method is then due to the sample of distant clusters used. New determinations of the systematic trend of galaxy absolute magnitude with the cluster properties of richness and Bautz-Morgan type are derived. When these new results are combined with the Gunn and Oke (1975) data on high-redshift clusters, a formal value (without accounting for any evolution) of q sub 0 = -0.55 + or - 0.45 (1 standard deviations) is found.
Dual-Phase-Shift Control Strategy With Switch-Controlled Capacitor for Overall Efficiency Optimization in Wireless Power Transfer System

In this paper, a dual-phase-shift control strategy combining with a switch-controlled capacitor (SCC) is proposed to realize efficiency maximization while realizing zero voltage switching (ZVS) for a LCC-LCC compensated wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The dual-phase-shift control is employed with a semi-active rectifier (SAR) to reduce the current stress in the resonant network. To realize accurate ZVS operation, both the SCC control angle and the SAR phase-shift angle are used as the control variables. First, the conditions of ZVS operation and circulating reactive power minimization are derived based on the time-domain model. Then, the power losses in the resonant network, inverter and semi-active rectifier are analyzed and optimized under the constant voltage output. An optimal control strategy is further proposed to maintain the constant voltage output while maximizing overall system efficiency. It is worth mentioning that the proposed control strategy allows the decoupling of the ZVS control and the power regulation. Finally, the performance of the proposed control strategy is examined based on a 6.6-kW WPT prototype. The results show that all switches realize ZVS operation within the entire power range with a peak system efficiency of 95.1%, which exhibits a good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
FUZZY SUB-IMPLICATIVE IDEALS OF BCI-ALGEBRAS

We Consider the fuzzification of sub-implicative ideals in BCI-algebras, and investigate some related properties. We give conditions for a fuzzy ideal to be a fuzzy sub-implicative ideal. we show that (1) every fuzzy sub-implicative ideal is a fuzzy ideal, but the converse is not true, (2) every fuzzy sub-implicative ideal is a fuzzy positive implicative ideal, but the converse is not true, and (3) every fuzzy p-ideal is a fuzzy sub-implicative ideal, but the converse is not true. Using a family of sub-implicative ideals of a BCI-algebra, we establish a fuzzy sub-implicative ideal, and using a level set of a fuzzy set in a BCI-algebra, we give a characterization of a fuzzy sub-implicative ideal.
Changes in Winter Temperature Extremes From Future Arctic Sea‐Ice Loss and Ocean Warming

Observed rapid Arctic warming and sea‐ice loss are likely to continue in the future, unless and after greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to net‐zero. Here, we examine the possible effects of future sea‐ice loss at 2°C global warming above pre‐industrial levels on winter temperature extremes across the Northern Hemisphere, using coordinated experiments from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project. 1‐in‐20‐year cold extremes are simulated to become less severe at high‐ and mid‐latitudes in response to Arctic sea‐ice loss. 1‐in‐20‐year winter warm extremes become warmer at northern high latitudes due to sea‐ice loss, but warm by less than cold extremes. We compare the response to sea‐ice loss to that from global sea surface temperature (SST) change also at 2°C global warming. SST change causes less severe cold extremes and more severe warm extremes globally. Except northern high latitudes, the response to SST change is of larger magnitude than that to Arctic sea‐ice loss.
A Review of Modern Imaging Landscape for Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Clinical Guide

The development of prostate cancer imaging is rapidly evolving, with many changes to the way patients are diagnosed, staged, and monitored for recurrence following treatment. New developments, including the potential role of imaging in screening and the combined diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the field of theranostics, are underway. In this paper, we aim to outline the current landscape in prostate cancer imaging and look to the future at the potential modalities and applications to come.
Rising CA-125 (Cancer Antigen 125) Levels: Cancer Recurrence or a Vaccine Reaction?

Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, and it is known to be an essential biomarker in detecting treatment response and recurrence of ovarian cancer. It may also be used in monitoring colorectal cancer. It tends to rise in states of inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated a temporary rise in CA-125 levels and other cancer biomarkers in patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, in the following case report, we hope to shed light on a possible association between CA-125 levels and the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. We present the case of a 79-year-old woman with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the right adnexa, who had a transient increase in CA-125 levels after a period, during which she underwent treatment for COVID-19 infection and received the first dose of COVID-19 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine with no evidence of disease progression on imaging.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY EFFECTS FROM PLANCKIAN ENERGY SUPERSTRING COLLISIONS

We argue that superstring collisions at Planckian energies and small deflection angles are calculable through an evaluation and resummation of string loops in flat space-time. This leads to a systematic expansion of the collision in classical general relativity and quantum string effects. Our results explicitly show how unitarity constraints are recovered through loop corrections and how flat metric calculations reveal the generation of nontrivial geometries by energetic particles. Finite-string-size effects can be evaluated in some regimes and are found to modify classical relativity expectations even at impact parameters much larger than the string scale. Conversely, we find that, through the resummation of large genus contributions, intermediate distance physics provides important classical relativity effects even in the hard, fixed angle regime.
Risk Assessment of Transgender People: Development of Rodent Models Mimicking Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapies and Identification of Sex-Dimorphic Liver Genes as Novel Biomarkers of Sex Transition

Transgender (TG) describes individuals whose gender identity differs from the social norms. TG people undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy (HT) may be considered a sub-group of the population susceptible to environmental contaminants for their targets and modes of action. The aim of this study is to set appropriate HT doses and identify specific biomarkers to implement TG animal models. Four adult rats/group/sex were subcutaneously exposed to three doses of HT (plus control) selected starting from available data. The demasculinizing-feminizing models (dMF) were β-estradiol plus cyproterone acetate, at 0.09 + 0.33, 0.09 + 0.93 and 0.18 + 0.33 mg, respectively, five times/week. The defeminizing-masculinizing models (dFM) were testosterone (T) at 0.45, 0.95 and 2.05 mg, two times/week. Clitoral gain and sperm count, histopathological analysis of reproductive organs and liver, hormone serum levels and gene expression of sex-dimorphic CYP450 were evaluated. In the dMF model, the selected doses—leading to T serum levels at the range of the corresponding cisgender—induced strong general toxicity and cannot be used in long-term studies. In the dFM model, 0.45 mg of T represents the correct dose. In addition, the endpoints selected are considered suitable and reliable to implement the animal model. The sex-specific CYP expression is a suitable biomarker to set proper (de)masculinizing/(de)feminizing HT and to implement TG animal models.
The Role of Money and Fashion in Character Building in Confession of A Shopaholic Movie

This article discusses the film Confession of A Shopaholic, directed by P.J. Hogan based on Georg Simmel's sociology of money to dismantle the role of money and fashion in the formation of the main character's character. The purpose of this article is to formulate how money problems can change individual character. Georg Simmel's sociology of money points discussed in this article cover two things, namely money as an institution that supports social stratification and the financial system as part of the evolution of society. Simmel's view of fashion is used to support this research. Research data is taken from scenes or dialogues of the main characters in shopping, including when faced with choices. There is a deep connection between money, fashion, social stratification, and the results of the evolution of society which play a role in building the mentality of society itself. Childhood experiences also shape the individual's passion to fulfill his desires as an adult. The results of the study show that the cooperation between money and goods offered by the market is able to drive the emotional side of the individual and the role of the environment to support individuals in finding awareness
Security Analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems Using Reinforcement Learning

Future engineering systems with new capabilities that far exceed today’s levels of autonomy, functionality, usability, dependability, and cyber security are predicted to be designed and developed using cyber-physical systems (CPSs). In this paper, the security of CPSs is investigated through a case study of a smart grid by using a reinforcement learning (RL) augmented attack graph to effectively highlight the subsystems’ weaknesses. In particular, the state action reward state action (SARSA) RL technique is used, in which the agent is taken to be the attacker, and an attack graph created for the system is built to resemble the environment. SARSA uses rewards and penalties to identify the worst-case attack scenario; with the most cumulative reward, an attacker may carry out the most harm to the system with the fewest available actions. Results showed successfully the worst-case attack scenario with a total reward of 26.9 and identified the most severely damaged subsystems.
Prenatal Origins of Endometriosis Pathology and Pain: Reviewing the Evidence of a Role for Low Testosterone

Abstract Endometriosis is a polygenic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory disorder of uncertain aetiology associated with pain, infertility and reduced quality of life. While the positive association between endometriosis and estrogen is established, a suite of recent studies has demonstrated an inverse association between the presence of endometriosis lesions and levels of testosterone both prenatally and postnatally. The following narrative review provides new insights into the roles of testosterone in the aetiology, diagnosis, and management of endometriosis and associated symptoms, especially pain. A relatively short anogenital distance (AGD) is indicative of lower levels of testosterone during fetal development. A shorter AGD has recently been correlated with both a higher risk of developing endometriosis in adult life, and with known correlates of endometriosis including earlier onset of reproductive cycling, lower ovarian follicle number, lower postnatal testosterone, and premature ovarian insufficiency. During adult life, lower levels of testosterone are positively associated with key comorbidities of endometriosis, including days per month of pelvic pain and increased pain sensitivity. Biochemically, lower levels of testosterone are associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory IL-1β and lower levels of β-endorphin. In rodents, prenatal administration of testosterone to females reduces their pain sensitivity in adulthood. The emerging convergent links of endometriosis with low prenatal and postnatal testosterone provide evidence of a centrally mediated effect beginning in early prenatal development, and persisting through adult life, with notable effects on pain sensitivity. They generate a novel conceptual framework for understanding, studying and treating this disorder, whereby endometriosis is mediated by a combination of high estrogen in endometrial tissue with low systemic and ovarian testosterone.
Comprehensive Profiling of EBV Gene Expression and Promoter Methylation Reveals Latency II Viral Infection and Sporadic Abortive Lytic Activation in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency patterns are well defined in EBV-associated epithelial, NK/T-cell, and B-cell malignancies, with links between latency stage and tumorigenesis deciphered in various studies. In vitro studies suggest that the oncogenic activity of EBV in T-cells might be somewhat different from that in EBV-tropic B lymphoid cells, prompting us to study this much less investigated viral gene expression pattern and its regulation in nine EBV+ peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) biopsies. Using frozen specimens, RT-PCR showed 6/7 cases with a latency II pattern of EBV gene expression. Analyses of EBNA1 promoter usage and CpG methylation status in these six cases showed that only Qp was used, while Cp, Wp, and Fp were all silent. However, the remaining case showed an exceptionally unique latency III type with lytic activation, as evidenced by EBV lytic clonality and confirmed by the full usage of Cp and Qp as well as weakly lytic Fp and Wp, fully unmethylated Cp and marginally unmethylated Wp. Further immunostaining of the eight cases revealed a few focally clustered LMP1+ cells in 7/8 cases, with rare isolated LMP1+ cells detected in another case. Double immunostaining confirmed that the LMP1+ cells were of the T-cell phenotype (CD3+). In 6/8 cases, sporadically scattered Zta+ cells were detected. Double staining of EBER-ISH with T-cell (CD45RO/UCHL1) or B-cell (CD20) markers confirmed that the vast majority of EBER+ cells were of the T-cell phenotype. Predominant type-A EBV variant and LMP1 30-bp deletion variant were present, with both F and f variants detected. In summary, the EBV gene expression pattern in PTCL was found to be mainly of latency II (BART+EBNA1(Qp)+LMP1+LMP2A+BZLF1+), similar to that previously reported in EBV-infected nasopharyngeal epithelial, NK/T-cell, and Hodgkin malignancies; however, fully lytic infection could also be detected in occasional cases. Rare cells with sporadic immediate-early gene expression were commonly detected in PTCL. These findings have implications for the future development of EBV-targeting therapeutics for this cancer.
Electrical conductivity of a strongly correlated aluminium plasma

We present theoretical estimations of the electrical conductivity of a warm expanded aluminium plasma (ρ = 0.3 g cm−3). Our calculations are carried out in the framework of density functional theory and the local density approximation. Ionic configurations were determined by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, from which the conductivity was computed using the Kubo–Greenwood formula. Theoretical results were validated in the dense coupled regime (ρ = 2 g cm−3) against previously published experimental results. For the low-density regime, the result is compared to experiments obtained in our laboratory in an isochoric closed-vessel designed to confine electrical plasma discharges up to 1.5 GPa. In this regime we show that the usual Drude model is no longer relevant and that the electrical conductivity is driven by the optical properties.