Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Dual-Frequency Imaging of Capacitively Coupled Electrical Impedance Tomography: Frequency Optimization

In this work, a new dual-frequency imaging framework of capacitively coupled electrical impedance tomography (CCEIT) is presented. Unlike conventional single-frequency imaging and recently emerged multifrequency imaging, the dual-frequency imaging adopts two different working frequencies to obtain the real part and the imaginary part of the impedance, respectively. With the real part image and the imaginary part image reconstructed at the two frequencies, the framework further introduces image fusion to obtain the fused image. To achieve the optimal selection of the two frequencies, data collection in a wide frequency range is carried out with a 12-electrode CCEIT sensor, an impedance analyzer, and a computer to obtain the real part and the imaginary part measurements. The multifrequency data are then analyzed in depth, and other two aspects, including the sensitivity distribution and the imaging quality at different frequencies, are also investigated. Research results show that a low working frequency is recommended for the real part, while a relatively high working frequency is recommended for the imaginary part. Within the investigated frequency range of 200 kHz–20 MHz, the working frequencies for the real part and the imaginary part are optimized under the investigated distribution setups. Results of verification experiment show that the proposed framework is effective. Compared with single-frequency CCEIT, dual-frequency CCEIT with the two optimized frequencies has much better imaging performance.
Exploring individuals’ descriptive and injunctive norms of ghosting

In this project, we explored descriptive and injunctive norms of ghosting and whether norms differed based on prior experiences with ghosting in romantic relationships. Ghosting is the act of unilaterally ceasing communication with a partner to dissolve a relationship. Perceived norms contribute to intentions and behaviors, but scholars have not previously investigated individuals’ perceived norms of ghosting (i.e., how common they think it is, how they think others react to ghosting). Adults (N = 863) on Prolific, residing in the United States, completed an online survey assessing their knowledge of, experience with, and perceived norms about ghosting in romantic relationships. A portion of these analyses were pre-registered on Open Science Framework. Descriptive norms regarding adults in general (i.e., societal-level) and their friends (i.e., personal-level) differed based on participants’ prior experience with ghosting in romantic relationships. Some injunctive norms at both the societal- and personal-levels also differed based on prior experience with ghosting in romantic relationships. Participants with prior ghosting experience thought ghosting of romantic partners was more common than those with no prior experience. Regardless of prior ghosting experience, participants tended to believe that individuals felt embarrassed/inadequate after being ghosted by a romantic partner. These analyses provide understanding about descriptive and injunctive norms regarding ghosting in romantic relationships and may be helpful to dating app developers in how they frame messaging about ghosting.
Infodemic, Institutional Trust, and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Cross-National Survey

The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by a massive infodemic. Yet limited studies have quantified the impact of the COVID-19 infodemic on vaccine hesitancy. This study examined the effect of perceived information overload (IO) and misinformation on vaccine willingness and uptake within a cross-national context. It also investigated how trust in multiple institutions affected vaccine outcomes and moderated the relationship between the infodemic and vaccine attitude and behavior. A cross-national online survey of residents, representative of the general population aged ≥18 in six Asian and Western jurisdictions, was conducted in June 2021. The results showed that perceived IO was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine willingness and uptake. Belief in misinformation was negatively associated with vaccine willingness and uptake. Institutional trust may increase vaccine willingness and uptake. Moreover, trust in the government and civil societies tended to strengthen the positive effect of IO and reduce the negative impact of misinformation on vaccine willingness and uptake. The relationship between belief in misinformation and getting vaccinated against COVID-19 was unexpectedly stronger among those with a higher level of trust in healthcare professionals. This study contributes to a better understanding of the main and interactive effect of the infodemic and institutional trust on vaccine outcomes during a pandemic.
OBSERVATIONS OF A COMPLETE SAMPLE OF EMISSION-LINE GALAXIES

Optical spectroscopic and broad-band B and V imaging observations have been obtained for all 172 emission-line galaxy (ELG) candidates in Lists IV and V of the University of Michigan Curtis Schmidt Objective Prism (UM) Survey. This survey selects galaxies by the presence of emission lines rather than by ultraviolet excess. These data allow for the accurate determination of the completeness limits and selection characteristics of the survey and provide valuable information about the physical nature of the survey constituents. The UM survey is found to be comprehensive in the sense that it includes a wide range of types of active galaxies, from high-luminosity Seyfert galaxies to isolated extragalactic H li regions. Analysis of the data shows that the completeness and selection characteristics of this survey are most accurately parameterized using emission-line flux and equivalent width rather than apparent magnitude. This result leads to the definition of a complete sample of UM galaxies which is used to determine the relative populations of the various types of ELGs found in the survey. In addition to the derivation of parameters such as blue and Hs luminosities, diameters, and colors, important insights into the physical conditions in the emission-line regions of these objects are gained by the use of line-ratio diagnostic diagrams. A previously unrecognized segregation of the galaxies with H ii-region-like spectra by their ELG type is seen in these diagrams. With the aid of published H II region models, this segregation is shown to be due to a continuous change in heavy metal abundance between the different ELG types, and the models are used to derive a metallicityluminosity relationship for the UM ELGs. The most important distinction between the UM survey and other slitless spectroscopic surveys is that the former is much more sensitive to the presence of low-luminosity emission-line objects. This attribute makes the UM survey particularly well suited for the study of the physical properties of dwarf emission-line systems. In addition, the great depth of the survey makes it possible to use these galaxies to study the spatial distribution of emission-line galaxies relative to more normal galaxies. We find that the spatial distribution of the UM galaxies is fairly well correlated with that of the normal galaxies, with the important exception that they avoid galaxy clusters. Additionally, the UM galaxies tend to be located in regions of lower galactic density than the normal galaxies, and at least three low-luminosity ELGs are found to lie in a void in the normal galaxy distribution. These last two points may be relevant for helping to distinguish between various models which attempt to explain the observed large-scale structure in the universe.
Identification of DNA Methylation Signature and Rules for SARS-CoV-2 Associated with Age.

BACKGROUND COVID-19 displays an increased mortality rate and higher risk of severe symptoms with increasing age, which is thought to be a result of the compromised immunity of elderly patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of aging-associated immunodeficiency against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unclear. Epigenetic modifications show considerable changes with age, causing altered gene regulations and cell functions during the aging process. The DNA methylation patterns among patients with coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) who had different ages were compared to explore the effect of aging-associated methylation modifications in SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Patients with COVID-19 were divided into three groups according to age. Boruta was used on the DNA methylation profiles of the patients to remove irrelevant features and retain essential signature sites to identify substantial aging-associated DNA methylation changes in COVID-19. Next, these features were ranked using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) method, and the feature list generated by mRMR was processed into the incremental feature selection method with decision tree (DT), random forest, k-nearest neighbor, and support vector machine to obtain the key methylation sites, optimal classifier, and decision rules. RESULTS Several key methylation sites that showed distinct patterns among the patients with COVID-19 who had different ages were identified, and these methylation modifications may play crucial roles in regulating immune cell functions. An optimal classifier was built based on selected methylation signatures, which can be useful to predict the aging-associated disease risk of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Existing works and our predictions suggest that the methylation modifications of genes, such as NHLH2, ZEB2, NWD1, ELOVL2, FGGY, and FHL2, are closely associated with age in patients with COVID-19, and the 39 decision rules extracted with the optimal DT classifier provides quantitative context to the methylation modifications in elderly patients with COVID-19. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the epigenetic regulations of aging-associated COVID-19 symptoms and provide the potential methylation targets for intervention strategies in elderly patients.
Modeling the Albedo Neutron Decay Source of Radiation Belt Electrons and Protons

A new model of cosmic ray albedo neutron flux above the atmosphere, based on Geant4 simulation of atomic and nuclear interactions, is used to calculate radiation belt neutron‐decay source functions for electrons and protons. The model covers albedo neutron energies from 0 to 100 GeV. Inclusion of the cosmic‐ray east‐west effect provides a corresponding azimuthal dependence in the albedo neutron flux, in addition to zenith angle and energy dependence, with parameterization by cosmic‐ray vertical cutoff and solar F10.7. Inclusion of Earth’s curvature allows forward scattered neutrons to escape into space at remote locations, increasing the source of high‐energy protons. Gravitational effects on low‐energy (thermal and epithermal) neutrons, and their decay in flight, reduce their flux at higher altitude, which determines the strength of the electron source. Model neutron flux and derived neutron density are in good agreement with available balloon and space‐based measurements.
Evaluación del nivel de esperanza de vida de ancianos con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the level of hope of elderly chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at a Renal Replacement Therapy Unit located in upstate Sao Paulo. The sample consisted of 50 elderly patients currently undergoing hemodialysis treatment. After obtaining the participants' consent to participate, individual interviews were performed with the elderly individuals, utilizing a characterization instrument and the Herth Hope Scale. All of the ethical premises were complied with (protocol 512/2009). Regarding the results, most participants were male (60%) and their mean age was 70.20 (±6.1) years. The mean score on the Herth Hope Scale was 36.20 (±2.90). In conclusion, compared with the Brazilian study regarding the validation of the Herth Hope Scale, the subjects' level of hope was lower, thus indicating a need to intervene regarding this feeling.
In-vitro comparative study to evaluate bond strength of porcelain on metal sub-structure fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) technique after application of different surface treatments

Introduction: Metal-ceramic bond strength is one of the essentials that must be studied due to recent develop-ments in dentistry. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the ceramic bond strength with metallic sub-structure made of chro-mium-cobalt alloy and fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) technique after applying different surface treatments. Material and methods: 40 metallic strips of Co-Cr alloy manufactured by SLM technique were divided into two main groups, A and B, which were again divided into 4 sub-groups as follows: A1 – natural surface roughness maintained ( n = 10); A2 – natural roughness with a bonding agent application ( n = 10); B1 – sandblasted surface ( n = 10); B2 – sandblasted surface with a bonding agent application ( n = 10). A surface roughness measuring test was carried out to obtain Ra-Rz values. Three-point bending test according to ISO 9693 standards was performed to determine the metal-ceramic bond strength in MPa. Fracture failure mode was determined by using an optical microscope. Results: Student’s t -test was used to compare among the mean bond strengths of sub-groups, with a significant difference observed only between A1 and A2 and between A2 and B2 sub-groups. Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare among the mean ranks of the failure modes, with a significant difference noticed only between A1 and A2 sub-groups. Conclusions: The bond strength in all the studied sub-groups exceeded the required minimum 25 MPa, according to ISO 9693 standards. The bonding agent had a minor effect when applied on sandblasted surfaces, while it had an important effect when applied on a natural surface roughness.
Silver Nanoparticles Mediated-marine Fungal Amylase Improving Dicentrarchus labrax Larvae Growth Performance

Background Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has fueled using materials to produce different metallic nanoforms for aquaculture applications. This study investigates the capability of marine Aspergillus �avus amylase (Amy) to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and studied its impact on Dicentrarchus labrax (sea bass) larvae growth performance. Characterization of Amy-AgNPs was carried out by FTIR, UV–Vis’s spectroscopy and SEM. The effect of Amy-AgNPs for antimicrobial and antioxidant were studied. Results The colloidal brown color of Amy-AgNPs with FTIR analysis indicated that amylases were responsible for the capping of the nanoparticles and made it more stable. Spherical Amy-AgNPs had size of 22.88 to 26.35 nm. Signi�cantly, Amy-AgNPs inhibited the growth of �sh tested microbes by maximum zone of inhibition 13-20 mm and maximum MICs ranged from 1.6 to 6.3 µg/ml. Also, it acted as scavenged DPPH by 31.46 to 94.0 %. Sea bass larval morphometric measurements including: mean total length (TL), width (W), total weight (TW), larvae survival percentage (%) and speci�c growth rate (SGR) were recorded, compared to the control group using different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20%) of encapsulated Amy-AgNPs during larval feeding regime for a period of four weeks. The results revealed that 5% Amy-AgNPs was signi�cantly the most effective concentration at P < 0.05 that achieved higher survival percentages; 51±2.8% and increasing the speci�c growth rate by 16.23±0.62%. Conclusion This work concluded the effectiveness of marine fungal amylase to synthesize AgNPs, and it is the �rst record using Amy-AgNPs to reduce the �sh larval mortality by protecting and improving its performance. Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginos, and Vibrio anguillarum, three Gram-positive: Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus agalactiae, Listeria sp. Disc diffusion method was used for Amy-AgNPs antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria grown on Muller Hinton (MH) liquid medium. Bacterial cultures were uniformly swabbed onto the MH agar plates; paper discs pre-soaked with 20 µl of Amy-AgNPs. After incubation at 37°C for 24 h, the inhibition zone was detected and recorded using plate triplicates. − , following
Stresses and Strains in Cold-Extruding 2S-O Aluminum

2S-O aluminum was extruded at room temperature in an inverted extrusion process from a 4.3-in-diam cylindrical billet, into a 1.5-in-diam solid cylindrical bar. Steady-state particle-velocity vectors were determined from gridded, split billets during incremental extrusion steps. These velocity patterns were compared with those obtained previously for lead extrusions having the same billet and die geometry and the same high degree of lubrication; it was found that the patterns for these two metals were identical. The aluminum velocity pattern appeared not to be affected by extrusion load, but the extrusion load was a strong function of the extent of deformation. It was estimated that the extrusion load becomes constant after a reduction of billet length by approximately 2.4 in. , the distance the plastic zone of the metal extends upstream from the orifice. The axial-stress distribution in the billet, determined front strain rates and natural strains, taking into account work hardening, had the same shape as that determined with lead. The wall pressure or radial stress in the plastic zone was found to be lower than the average pressure, but both pressures tend to approach each other beyond the plastic zone.
Efficient Evaluation of Expectations of Functions of a Lévy Process and Its Extremum

We prove simple general formulas for expectations of functions of a L\'evy process and its running extremum. Under additional conditions, we derive analytical formulas using the Fourier/Laplace inversion and Wiener-Hopf factorization, and discuss efficient numerical methods for realization of these formulas. As applications, the cumulative probability distribution function of the process and its running maximum and the price of the option to exchange the power of a stock for its maximum are calculated. The most efficient numerical methods use the sinh-acceleration technique and simplified trapezoid rule. The program in Matlab running on a Mac with moderate characteristics achieves the precision E-7 and better in several milliseconds, and E-14 - in a fraction of a second.
Dynamics of three-dimensional A-diffeomorphisms with two-dimensional attractors and repellers

In this paper, we consider a class of A-diffeomorphisms given on a 3-manifold, assuming that all the basic sets of the diffeomorphisms are two dimensional. It is known that such basic sets are either attractors or repellers and they are two types only, surface or expanding (contracting). One of the results of the paper is the proof that different types of two-dimensional basic sets do not coexist in the non-wandering set of the same 3-diffeomorphism. Also, the existence of an energy function is constructively proved for systems of the class under consideration. It is illustrated by examples that the two-dimensionality of the basic sets is essential in this matter and a decrease in the dimension can lead to the absence of the energy function for a diffeomorphism.
The Effects of Planting Date and Cutting Time on Teosinte Productivity Under Soil Salinity

During the summers of 2019 and 2020, two field experiments were conducted at El-Serw Agriculture Research Station, in Damietta Governorate. Teosinte seeds were planted on three different dates (15 th March, 15 th April, and 15 th May), and subjected three cutting time of 40, 50, and 60 days in two different salinity soil sites (low and medium salinity depending on dsm -1 ). The first sowing date and cutting at 60 days in low saline levels led to the heaviest overall fresh and dry weights throughout both seasons. In both seasons, the first sowing date and the first cutting time at the medium salt levels resulted in the lowest mean of total fresh and dry weights. In both seasons, the highest data of fruit instances was observed from the second sowing and cutting time at 60 days under the first level of salinity. The first and second sowing dates under the three managements of cutting under two soil salinity levels showed no significant differences. Under the first soil salinity, the maximum mean of 100 grains weight was reported from the third sowing date and cutting at 60 days. During the first season, the third sowing date and cutting at 50 days under low salinity conditions resulted in the highest seed weight/fed, whereas in the second season, the second sowing date at 50 days under low salinity levels resulted in the highest seed weight/fed. Under medium salinity soil, the lowest seed weight/fed values were reported from the first sowing date and cutting at 40 days.
Profile of the ability of prospective Biology teachers in making question instruments using Bloom's Taxonomy

The purpose of this study is to determine students' ability to make Bloom's taxonomy questions. The study was conducted on students in the 5th semester of the 2020/2021 academic year who were taking evaluation courses and learning achievement techniques with a sample of 62 people. This research is a descriptive study using a checklist sheet as the main instrument that has been content validated by experts, questionnaires, and interviews as supporting data. Data were analyzed using the quantitative descriptive method. The results of the research show that students have very good abilities in making Bloom's taxonomy questions for the lower other thinking skills category with a percentage of 92.22% with details C1 100%, C2 95%, and C3 81.67%, while the students' ability in making questions with a higher level of other thinking skills is in the very poor category with a percentage of 44.17% with C4 54.17%, C5 46.67% and C6 31.17%. In addition, based on the form of questions, students' ability to design essay questions (74.17%) is better than multiple-choice questions (62.22%). The conclusion of this study is the ability of students to make questions based on Bloom's Taxonomy is in the fairly good category, with a percentage of 78.06%.
Molecular Imaging of Aortic Valve Stenosis with Positron Emission Tomography

Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is an increasingly prevalent disease in our aging population. Although multiple risk factors for AVS have been elucidated, medical therapies capable of slowing down disease progression remain unavailable. Molecular imaging technologies are opening up avenues for the non-invasive assessment of disease progression, allowing the assessment of (early) medical interventions. This review will focus on the role of positron emission tomography of the aortic valve with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and 18F-sodium fluoride but will also shed light on novel tracers which have potential in AVS, ranging from the healthy aortic valve to end-stage valvular disease.