Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Livelihood Resilience or Policy Attraction? Factors Determining Households’ Willingness to Participate in Rural Tourism in Western China

Rural tourism in developing countries has been regarded as a means for rural development, environment conservation and poverty alleviation. This study aims to examine the determining factors for rural households’ willingness to participate in rural tourism in western areas under the context of China’s rural revitalization strategy. Based on survey data from 22 tourism poverty alleviation villages located in the poor areas of western China, we characterize our results by stating that rural households’ livelihood resilience “push” on their willingness to participate, and that poverty alleviation policy perception and involvement “pull” on it. Among distinct livelihood adaptive strategy groups, i.e., farming-oriented households, migratory-oriented households and tourism-participating households, this study also revealed that buffer capacity was a significant driving force for the three types of household’s willingness. Positive poverty alleviation policy perception could attract migratory households to return to their hometowns to start tourism businesses; however, better self-organizing capacity decreased their willingness. In addition, both self-organization and learning capacity and positive policy perception and involvement encouraged tourism-participating households to engage in tourism activities continually. Finally, some practical implications and recommendations for further research are also discussed.
A Full explicit finite element simulation for the study of interaction between wheelset and switch panel

ABSTRACT A full explicit FEM simulation of wheelset passing through switch panel is presented. The real 3D geometry of the switch panel is used, both vertical and lateral response are taken into consideration. The dynamic interaction is analysed and it is found that the damage mechanism on the switch blade and stock rail is a complex interaction of wear, fatigue and impact, which can be well described by explicit FEM simulation. Parametric analysis of running speed, traction coefficient and the friction coefficient between switch blade gauge surface and wheel flange indicate that decreasing running speed can help to reduce the damage on switch panel. The traction coefficient has little influence on the maximum impact response, but a higher traction coefficient is beneficial for eliminating the dynamic response after the maximum impact response point. The influence of the friction coefficient on the dynamic impact response is not significant, but a lower friction coefficient is favourable for decreasing the wear damage on the switch blade and increasing running safety. This work can provide a good understanding of the interaction on switch panel and give theoretical support for maintenance and improving the design.
Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Management of Patient’s with Cholelithiasis Disease

Cholelithiasis affects approximately 15% of the US population. Rising trends in obesity and metabolic syndrome have contributed to an increase in diagnosis of cholelithiasis. There are several risk factors for cholelithiasis, both modifiable and non modifiable. Women are more likely to experience cholelithiasis than are men. Pregnancy, increasing parity, and obesity during pregnancy further increase the risk that a woman will develop cholelithiasis. The classic presentation of persons experiencing cholelithiasis, specifically when gallstones obstruct the common bile duct, is right upper quadrant pain of the abdomen that is often elicited upon palpation during physical examination and documented as a positive Murphy’s sign Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design is adopted in the current study to achieve the early stated objectives. The study started from January 2nd, 2021 until May, 20th, 2021. A Non-Probability (Convenience Sample) of (60) nurses were including in the present study. Sample collect from 1, 3,4) and emergency department The results of the present study indicated that the majority of the samples (93.33%) have deficit knowledge, which agree with the results of the study showed that the reasons for lack of nurses’ knowledge regarding from the researchers’ point of view “might be related to lack of continuing educational programs or sessions about Cholelithiasis, supervision, continuous evaluation of nurses’ practice, and cooperation between multidisciplinary health care team members (nurses-physicians). Conclusions according to the present study findings, the researcher can mention the following conclusions:Most of nurses in medical units had knowledge deficit concerning management of cholelithiasis nursing management. It is found that the most of nurses are middle age group within (35-39) years old. It is concludes that the most of nurses are institute and college graduated, most of the nurses years’ experience in medical wards(1-10 years). most of the sample have participating in the sessions training in medical wards but no related to cholelithiasis nursing management. Encouraging nurses to update their information by participating in training sessions and conference inside and outside Iraq to improve their knowledge regarding cholelithiasis nursing management which working in medical wards.
Citizen science supporting agricultural monitoring with hundreds of low-cost sensors in comparison to remote sensing data

ABSTRACT The ever-increasing importance of irrigation monitoring and water-use optimization in agriculture calls for new solutions for a more complete understanding of the plant growth dynamic and the agricultural water cycle. In this study, the fitness for use of the Flower Power low-cost sensors, not designed for scientific applications, is evaluated in an integrated agricultural monitoring context in contrast to freely available satellite information from Landsat 8, Sentinel 1 and 2. Measurements of air temperature, solar radiation, leaf area index (LAI) and soil moisture are considered. 456 sensors have been deployed in the Capitanata Irrigation Consortium (Italy) as part of the GROW Observatory project with local farmers collaborating as citizen scientists to either deploy these sensors, monitor the environmental variables and control irrigation management. The main results are: (i) positive agreement between Flower Power sensors and high-quality professional stations for measurements of meteorological variables (5.6°C RMSE for Air Temperature); (ii) acceptable estimates of crops LAI (RMSE = 0.55 m2 m−2) and mixed ones of Surface Soil Moisture (m = 0.75, R2 = 0.23) from Flower Power sensors in respect to different satellite data; (iii) potentiality of these sensors combined with remote sensing in providing suitable tools for irrigation management.
Influence of scanning strategies on microstructure, residual stress, and corrosion behavior of 17-4 PH stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting

In the present study, the effect of hexagonal (inside out and outside in), rectangular (horizontal, vertical, alternate, and both), and strip (horizontal, vertical, alternate, and both) scan strategies on the microstructure, residual stresses, and the corrosion behavior of 17-4 PH stainless steel samples fabricated by selective laser melting were investigated. The results indicate that through hexagonal inside-out scanning strategy, the sample density and hardness are double than that of wrought and cast alloys. Microstructure consists of small and large molten pools on the side and front surface of each sample generated using a different scan strategy. Austenite phase and ferrite peak at the highest intensity were observed by X-ray diffraction for hexagonal inside-out sample. Electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) orientation maps showed a high-density of ɣ-austenite phase (43%) in the finer grain size area of the hexagonal inside-out scan strategy sample. Low residual stresses and high corrosion resistance (<0.5 mpy) were obtained for the hexagonal inside-out scan strategy sample compared to other two strategies because of lower defects, lower thermal gradient, and smaller scan tracks.
Exploration of the Common Gene Characteristics and Molecular Mechanism of Parkinson’s Disease and Crohn’s Disease from Transcriptome Data

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and the mechanism of its occurrence is still not fully elucidated. Accumulating evidence has suggested that the gut acts as a potential origin of PD pathogenesis. Recent studies have identified that inflammatory bowel disease acts as a risk factor for Parkinson’s disease, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to further explore the molecular mechanism between PD and Crohn’s disease (CD). The gene expression profiles of PD (GSE6613) and CD (GSE119600) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and were identified as the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two diseases. Next, analyses were performed, including functional enrichment analysis, a protein–protein interaction network, core genes identification, and clinical correlation analysis. As a result, 178 common DEGs (113 upregulated genes and 65 downregulated genes) were found between PD and CD. The functional analysis found that they were enriched in regulated exocytosis, immune response, and lipid binding. Twelve essential hub genes including BUB1B, BUB3, DLGAP5, AURKC, CBL, PCNA, RAF1, LYN, RPL39L, MRPL13, RSL24D1, and MRPS11 were identified from the PPI network by using cytoHubba. In addition, inflammatory and metabolic pathways were jointly involved in these two diseases. After verifying expression levels in an independent dataset (GSE99039), a correlation analysis with clinical features showed that LYN and RAF1 genes were associated with the severity of PD. In conclusion, our study revealed the common pathogenesis of PD and CD. These common pathways and hub genes may provide novel insights for mechanism research.
Anomaly detection in time series based on interval sets

Anomaly detection in time series is a popular topic focusing on a variety of applications, which achieves a wealth of results. However, there are many cases of missing anomalies and false alarms for most existing works. Inspired by the concept of interval sets, this paper proposes an anomaly detection algorithm called probability interval and tries to detect the anomaly data in time series from a new perspective. In the proposed algorithm, a time series is divided into several subsequences. Each subsequence is regarded as an interval set depending on its value space and boundary of the subsequence. The similarity measurements between interval sets adopt interval operations and point probability distributions of the interval bounds. In addition, based on similarity results, the anomaly score is defined. The experimental results on artificial and real datasets indicate that the proposed algorithm has better discriminative performance than the piecewise aggregate approximation method and greatly reduces the false alarm rate. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Personal recovery in psychological interventions for bipolar disorder: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Objective Psychological interventions comprise a critical aspect of treatment for bipolar disorder. However, many interventions to date have focussed on clinical recovery outcomes, such as relapse prevention, rather than preferred personal recovery outcomes of hope and a meaningful life. The aim of this review was to identify, appraise and synthesise information regarding the availability, content and efficacy of recovery-oriented psychological interventions for individuals with bipolar disorder. Methods A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Databases searched included PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL and SCOPUS. The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed a psychological intervention in participants with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and assessed personal recovery outcomes either qualitatively or qualitatively. Results Five articles were included from the titles assessed (N = 507). All studies (N = 5) employed recovery-focussed interventions based on principles of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and were quantitative designs. Two studies used online, self-paced interventions, two studies used group psychoeducation programs, and one study used individual manualised therapy. All studies found a significant improvement in personal recovery. No studies assessed personal recovery outcomes qualitatively. Conclusions Whilst data is limited, initial evidence suggests that recovery-oriented interventions may be effective in improving personal recovery in people living with bipolar disorder. Limitation of this review include a focus on those studies that assessed personal recovery. Clinicians should consider personal recovery-orientated interventions in the treatment of bipolar disorder and further assess recovery outcomes as part of practice. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Recovery-orientated programs may be helpful for people living with a mental illness. Benefits have been found in mixed psychiatric samples in a range of studies. Peer led recovery programs may also assist manage symptoms and relapse in general samples. What this topic adds: There is growing interest in developing recovery interventions for bipolar disorder specifically. This review noted that CBT studies assessing recovery outcomes found improvements. Therapists should consider the use of recovery-focussed approaches in the treatment of bipolar disorder.
COVID-19 Concerns, Vaccine Acceptance and Trusted Sources of Information among Patients Cared for in a Safety-Net Health System

We examined COVID-19 concerns, vaccine acceptance, and trusted sources of information among patients in a safety-net health system in Louisiana. The participants were surveyed via structured telephone interviews over nine months in 2021. Of 204 adult participants, 65% were female, 52% were Black, 44.6% were White, and 46.5% were rural residents. The mean age was 53 years. The participants viewed COVID-19 as a serious public health threat (8.6 on 10-point scale). Black adults were more likely to perceive the virus as a threat than White adults (9.4 vs. 7.6 p < 0.0001), urban residents more than rural (9.0 vs. 8.2 p = 0.02), females more than males (8.9 vs. 8.1 p = 0.03). The majority (66.7%) had gotten the COVID-19 vaccine, with females being more likely than males (74.7 vs. 54.5% p = 0.02). There was no difference by race or rural residence. Overall, participants reported that physicians were the most trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information (77.6%); followed by the CDC/FDA (50.5%), State Department of Health (41.4%), pharmacists (37.1%), nurses (36.7%); only 3.8% trusted social media. All sources were more trusted among black adults than White adults except family and social media. These findings could help inform efforts to design trustworthy public health messaging and clinical communication about the virus and vaccines.
Relevance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Routine Clinical Practice: A Pilot Study

Introduction: The main goal of treatment in cancer patients is to achieve the highest therapeutic effectiveness with the least iatrogenic toxicity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are anticancer oral agents, usually administered at fixed doses, which present high inter- and intra-individual variability due to their pharmacokinetic characteristics. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can be used to optimize the use of several types of medication. Objective: We evaluated the use of TDM of TKIs in routine clinical practice through studying the variability in exposure to erlotinib, imatinib, lapatinib, and sorafenib and dose adjustment. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analytical study involving patients who received treatment with TKIs, guided by TDM and with subsequent recommendation of dose adjustment. The quantification of the plasma levels of the different drugs was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja approved this study. Results: The inter-individual variability in the first cycle and in the last monitored cycle was 46.2% and 44.0% for erlotinib, 48.9 and 50.8% for imatinib, 60.7% and 56.0% for lapatinib and 89.7% and 72.5% for sorafenib. Relationships between exposure and baseline characteristics for erlotinib, imatinib, lapatinib and sorafenib were not statistically significant for any of the variables evaluated (weight, height, body surface area (BSA), age and sex). Relationships between height (p = 0.021) and BSA (p = 0.022) were statistically significant for sorafenib. No significant relationships were observed between Ctrough and progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) for any drug, except in the case of sunitinib (correlation between Ctrough and PFS p = 0.023) in the exposure–efficacy analysis. Conclusions: Erlotinib, imatinib, lapatinib and sorafenib show large inter-individual variability in exposure. TDM entails a significant improvement in exposure and enables more effective and safe use of TKIs in routine clinical practice.
The Effect of the Three Lines of Defense Model on the Performance of State-Owned Enterprises Moderated by the Audit Committee

This study's objective is to examine the impact of adopting three lines of defense on the performance of State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) in Indonesia, as moderated by an audit committee. The method employed is quantitative. In Indonesia, the population consists of State-Owned Enterprises. Practitioners, observers, and academics compose the sample. The utilized data is primary data. An online questionnaire was used to collect data. 128 (one hundred twenty-eight) individuals completed an online questionnaire that was sent via email and Whatsapp. The results indicate that line 1 (risk owner) has a positive effect on firm performance, line 2 (risk manager) has a negative effect on firm performance, and line 3 (Internal Audit Unit) has no effect on firm performance. The Audit Committee does not moderate the influence of line 3 (Internal Audit Unit) on firm performance, while it moderates the influence of line 2 (risk management unit) on firm performance.
The effects of coherent structures on the global response of floating offshore wind turbines

Correspondence *Erin E. Bachynski, Marine Technology Center, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. Email: erin.bachynski@ntnu.no ABSTRACT The global dynamic response of floating wind turbines is commonly simulated using aero-hydro-servo-elastic tools which consider numerically generated wind files as input. Based on the guidelines given in existing standards, two methods of generating such wind files are typically used: the Mann uniform shear model and the Kaimal spectral and exponential coherence model. Both models consider the Kaimal spectrum with similar frequency characteristics: the main difference between the approaches is related to the spatial coherence. The present work examines the consequences of using the two different wind file generation methods for estimating the global responses of representative spar, semi-submersible, and tension leg platform (TLP) 5 MW wind turbines. Predictions of the standard deviation of low-frequency responses in operational conditions, including motions at the natural frequency in surge and pitch as well as quasi-static (spar, TLP) and resonant (semi-submersible) motions in yaw, are seen to differ up to 30-40 % depending on the wind field model. The differences in motion responses have important consequences for the design of the mooring system components. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) techniques are used to qualitatively explain the differing spatial coherence of the wind field. Simulations including a limited number of POD modes in the wind field highlight the importance of the low-frequency, energy-rich modes, suggesting that this type of visualization can be a useful tool.
Three-dimensional hysteresis compensation enhances accuracy of robotic artificial muscles

Robotic artificial muscles are compliant and can generate straight contractions. They are increasingly popular as driving mechanisms for robotic systems. However, their strain and tension force often vary simultaneously under varying loads and inputs, resulting in three-dimensional hysteretic relationships. The three-dimensional hysteresis in robotic artificial muscles poses difficulties in estimating how they work and how to make them perform designed motions. This study proposes an approach to driving robotic artificial muscles to generate designed motions and forces by modeling and compensating for their three-dimensional hysteresis. The proposed scheme captures the nonlinearity by embedding two hysteresis models. The effectiveness of the model is confirmed by testing three popular robotic artificial muscles. Inverting the proposed model allows us to compensate for the hysteresis among temperature surrogate, contraction length, and tension force of a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator. Feedforward control of an SMA-actuated robotic bicep is demonstrated. This study can be generalized to other robotic artificial muscles, thus enabling muscle-powered machines to generate desired motions.
Improvement of Tubular Permanent Magnet Machine Performance Using Dual-Segment Halbach Array

In this paper, a modification of the dual-segment permanent magnet (PM) Halbach array is investigated to improve the performance of the tubular linear machine, in terms of flux density and output power. Instead of a classical Halbach array with only radial and axial PMs, the proposed model involves the insertion of mig-magnets, which have a magnetized angle shifted from the reference magnetized angles of axial and radial PMs. This structure leads to the elimination of flux leakage and the concentration of flux linkage in middle of the coil; therefore, the output power is increased by 13.2%.
Fungal Enzymes Involved in Plastics Biodegradation

Plastic pollution is a growing environmental problem, in part due to the extremely stable and durable nature of this polymer. As recycling does not provide a complete solution, research has been focusing on alternative ways of degrading plastic. Fungi provide a wide array of enzymes specialized in the degradation of recalcitrant substances and are very promising candidates in the field of plastic degradation. This review examines the present literature for different fungal enzymes involved in plastic degradation, describing their characteristics, efficacy and biotechnological applications. Fungal laccases and peroxidases, generally used by fungi to degrade lignin, show good results in degrading polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), while esterases such as cutinases and lipases were successfully used to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PUR). Good results were also obtained on PUR by fungal proteases and ureases. All these enzymes were isolated from many different fungi, from both Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, and have shown remarkable efficiency in plastic biodegradation under laboratory conditions. Therefore, future research should focus on the interactions between the genes, proteins, metabolites and environmental conditions involved in the processes. Further steps such as the improvement in catalytic efficiency and genetic engineering could lead these enzymes to become biotechnological applications in the field of plastic degradation.