Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Output Tracking Control Based on Adaptive Dynamic Programming With Multistep Policy Evaluation

In this paper, the optimal output tracking control problem of discrete-time nonlinear systems is considered. First, the augmented system is derived and the tracking control problem is converted to the regulation problem with a discounted performance index, which relies on the solution of the Bellman equation. It is known that policy iteration and value iteration are two classical algorithms for solving the Bellman equation. Through analysis of the two algorithms, it is found that policy iteration converges fast while requires an initial admissible control policy, and value iteration avoids the requirement of an initial admissible control policy but converges slowly. To achieve the tradeoff between policy iteration and value iteration, the multistep heuristic dynamic programming (MsHDP) is proposed by using multistep policy evaluation scheme. The convergence of MsHDP algorithm is proved by demonstrating that it converges to the solution of the Bellman equation. Subsequently, neural network-based actor-critic structure is developed to implement the MsHDP algorithm. The effectiveness and advantages of the developed MsHDP method are validated through comparative simulation studies.
The influence of channel walls on flag flutter

The effect of confinement of a rectangular channel on the flag flutter instability is investigated, both in terms of waves propagating in the infinite medium (local approach) and in terms of modes in the finite length system (global approach). Using a 1D Euler-Bernoulli model for the plate and a 3D potential flow model for the flow, the problem is solved numerically for various sets of the geometrical parameters to compute the critical velocity for instability as function of the mass ratio. It is found that the proximity of walls parallel and perpendicular the plate affects significantly the plate's dynamics and instability. One main conclusion of this work is that models considering a 2D flow can predict correctly the critical velocity only in specific cases such as large mass ratio, large aspect ratio or very confined plates.
Maximizing the throughput of a rotating Seru with nonpreemptive discrete stations

Seru production systems are an effective way to respond to ever‐changing market demand. This article focuses on maximizing the throughput of rotating serus with nonpreemptive stations, where a worker's operations cannot be disrupted. We analyze the effects of unbalanced worker velocities on non‐value‐added idle times. Through the use of dynamical system theories, we explicate the mechanism and dynamics of rotating serus, and identify the rules used to coordinate workers and distribute work content among stations to achieve the highest throughput. These findings provide practical guidelines for managers in floor shops for optimizing rotating seru design and maximizing throughput. Additionally, we explore the chaotic characteristics of rotating serus and simulate the effect of various factors on throughput. Finally, our comparative analysis demonstrates that the rotating seru offers a viable alternative to existing production systems to adapt to fluctuating demand.
Magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicular easy axis at junction diameter of less than 20 nm

Magnetic tunnel junctions with a perpendicular easy axis (p-MTJs) have been intensively developed since CoFeB/MgO p-MTJs were shown to have high potential in satisfying major requirements for use in practical applications. CoFeB/MgO-based p-MTJs are becoming the de facto standard in spin-transfer-torque magnetoresistive random access memory and spintronics-based very large scale integrated circuits. In this paper, we review, based on our efforts, the properties of standard CoFeB/MgO based p-MTJs as well as p-MTJs using high-anisotropy Co-based multilayers combined with the CoFeB/MgO system at a junction diameter of less than 20 nm.
Development of a Functional Healthy Chicken and Beef Mortadella Fortified with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Evaluation of Their Chemical, Microbiological, and Sensory Properties

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical, physical, and microbiological properties of beef and chicken mortadella (BM and CM, respectively) to determine the effect of flaxseed and oregano oils on mortadella samples as compared to the control. Twelve mortadella samples (6 rolls and 6 slices) were analyzed each forming six treatments: T1 (BM control), T2 (CM control), T3 (CM fortified with flaxseed oil), T4 (CM fortified with oregano oil), T5 (BM fortified with flaxseed oil) and T6 (BM fortified with oregano oil). Results obtained during six months of storage were significantly different except for those of the fatty acid profile. Results of chemical analysis showed a moisture content was around 65%, fat content ranged from 11.19-13.90% in BM and 9.77-10.43% in CM, protein content was around 14%, cholesterol content ranged from 21.5-52 mg/100 g in BM, and 16-55 mg/100g in CM, ash content was around 3%, collagen content was around 1.68%, salt content was around 2%, and the negative [H⁺] (ph) content was around 6.5. Oregano oil was found to increase the L* value in both BM and CM. Both oils reduced a* and b* values and were found to be differently affected by the addition of oils. The antimicrobial properties of both oils were observed (an approximate 1 log CFU/g reduction). The resulting sensory scores indicated that both BM and CM were acceptable with no significant differences in texture, sliceability, appearance, and color.
Measuring the balance of signed networks and its application to sign prediction

We propose a parametrized walk-based measure for the lack of balance in signed networks inspired by the Katz measure of similarity of two vertices in a network. We show that the performance of the proposed measure is marginally better than a recently proposed walk-based measure of the lack of balance for an undirected version of the real-world signed networks: Epinions, Slashdot and WikiElection. The proposed measure can be used to distinguish signed social networks on the basis of their degree of lack of balance. We also establish that cycles of shorter lengths can predict the sign of an edge in these signed networks better than the longer cycles by using the Katz prediction rule.
Radiofrequency-assisted, laparoscopic, clampless partial nephrectomy in patients with low-complexity small renal tumors: A retrospective cohort study

Background: This single-center, retrospective study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency-assisted (RF), laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (PN) with zero ischemia in patients with low-complexity small renal tumors. Materials and Methods: Patients with small renal masses (SRMs) who underwent laparoscopic, clampless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy - radiofrequency assisted (LPN-RFA) between January 2016 and June 2020 were studied. Demographics, clinical and pathological characteristics, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival were recorded. Results: Fifty-two SRMs were excised from corresponding patients using RFA–LPN. The median tumor size was 2.5 cm and all specimens involved low-complexity masses according to the renal nephrometry score. No conversions to radical nephrectomy were recorded. Postoperatively, there were one patient with fever, one with hematuria, and two with urinary leakage treated endoscopically. The majority of tumors (48/52, 86.2%) were clear-cell carcinomas. According to the glomerular filtration rate postoperatively and 12 months' posttreatment, adequate renal function was preserved in all patients. There were no positive surgical margins identified postoperatively and no recurrences during a median follow-up 24 months. All patients were alive at the last follow-up. Conclusions: This study suggests that RFA laparoscopic clampless PN represents an effective method for managing patients with low-complexity SRMs. It offers adequate intraoperative safety and excellent mid-term oncological control and functional preservation.
In vitro assessment of Bacillus subtilis FJ3 affirms its biocontrol and plant growth promoting potential

Bacillus species and their metabolites have potential alternative uses as chemical pesticides that can limit the growth of potential plant pathogens and enhance crop productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Bacillus subtilis FJ3 for promoting plant growth and controlling fungal plant pathogens. The study evaluated the ability of the strain to promote plant growth in vitro by characterizing its growth-promoting traits, which included the production of hydrolytic enzymes, indole acetic acid, siderophores, biofilm formation, and phosphate solubilization. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing revealed that strain FJ3 has the potential to produce lipopeptides such as fengycin, surfactin, mycosubtilin, and pilpastatin. Through in vitro antagonism testing it was demonstrated that strain FJ3 is able to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum by 52% compared to the untreated control and was antagonistic against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizopus oryzae using a dual method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Bacillus crude extract resulted in a 92%, 90%, 81.5%, and 56% growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum, A. niger, A. flavus, and Rhizopus oryzae, respectively. In FT-IR and GC-MS analysis of crude LPs extract, the transmission and mass spectrum confirmed the existence of aforesaid lipopeptides containing β-fatty acids with chain lengths ranging from C14 to C21 in which the majority were saturated fatty acids. Greenhouse experimentation revealed that Bacillus strain FJ3 and its metabolites significantly diminished the disease incidence with an average reduction of 31.56%. In sterilized soil, FJ3 and its metabolites caused 24.01% and 10.46% growth promotion, respectively, in chickpea. The results demonstrated that Bacillus strain FJ3 has broad-spectrum antifungal and plant growth-promoting applications and could be a promising candidate for development into a commercialized biobased product for use in sustainable agriculture practice.
Linear type centers of polynomial Hamiltonian systems with nonlinearities of degree 4 symmetric with respect to the y-axis

We provide the phase portraits in the Poincare disk for all the linear type centers of polynomial Hamiltonian systems with nonlinearities of degree \begin{document}$4$\end{document} symmetric with respect to the \begin{document}$y$\end{document} -axis given by the Hamiltonian function \begin{document}$H(x,y) =1/2(x^2+y^2)+ax^4y+bx^2y^3+cy^5$\end{document} in function of its parameters.
Association between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal cancer: a two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization study

Background The gut microbiome is closely related to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, but the causality of gut microbiome with GI cancer has yet to be fully established. We conducted this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to reveal the potential causal effect of gut microbiota on GI cancer. Materials and methods Summary-level genetic data of gut microbiome were derived from the MiBioGen consortium and the Dutch Microbiome Project. Summary statistics of six GI cancers were drawn from United Kingdom Biobank. Inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), MR-robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS), and weighted-median (WM) methods were used to evaluate the potential causal link between gut microbiota and GI cancer. In addition, we performed sensitivity analyses and reverse MR analyses. Results We identified potential causal associations between 21 bacterial taxa and GI cancers (values of p < 0.05 in all three MR methods). Among them, phylum Verrucomicrobia (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.05–0.59, p = 0.005) retained a strong negative association with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after the Bonferroni correction, whereas order Bacillales (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.23–2.26, p = 0.001) retained a strong positive association with pancreatic cancer. Reverse MR analyses indicated that GI cancer was associated with 17 microbial taxa in all three MR methods, among them, a strong inverse association between colorectal cancer and family Clostridiaceae1 (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96, p = 0.001) was identified by Bonferroni correction. Conclusion Our study implicates the potential causal effects of specific microbial taxa on GI cancer, potentially providing new insights into the prevention and treatment of GI cancer through specific gut bacteria.
Tubes of Finite II-Type in the Euclidean 3-Space

In this paper, we consider surfaces in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space E3 which are of finite II-type, that is, they are of finite type, in the sense of B. -Y. Chen, corresponding to the second fundamental form. We present an important family of surfaces, namely, tubes in E3 . We show that tubes are of infinite II-type.
Long-Term Outcomes after Incomplete Resection of Intramedullary Grade II Ependymomas: Is Adjuvant Radiotherapy Justified?

Simple Summary The long-term outcomes and indications for radiotherapy after incomplete removal of grade II intramedullary ependymomas remain unclear. In this retrospective single-center study including 46 patients, no adjuvant radiotherapy was performed, even after subtotal resection (n = 21/46). Over a median follow-up of 6.5 years, radiological progression of a tumoral remnant was noted in seven patients, including only two who were symptomatic and four who required further treatment. Altogether, progression-free survival was 90% at 5 years and 76.8% at 10 years. Based on our experience, we suggest a management algorithm for patients with grade II intramedullary ependymomas where no adjuvant radiotherapy is proposed on a systematic basis, even after subtotal resection. Whenever the tumor can be safely resected, gross total resection should be the aim; otherwise, subtotal removal without adjuvant radiotherapy seems a reasonable option to maximize patient safety with a low risk of clinical progression. Abstract Ependymomas are the most common intramedullary tumors in adults. While gross total resection is the aim of surgery, tumor infiltration might limit resection. In cases of subtotal removal, the necessary adjuvant management remains unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the need for adjuvant radiotherapy after an incomplete resection of grade II intramedullary ependymomas (IME-II). We retrospectively reviewed all cases of IME-II operated upon at a single tertiary neurosurgical center from 2009 to 2018. Patients with anaplastic or myxopapillary ependymomas, and patients with a follow-up of less than three years, were excluded. We included 46 patients: 19 (41.3%) had a gross total resection; 21 (45.7%) had a subtotal resection; and 6 (13%) had a partial resection. None of the patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Over a median follow-up of 79 months (range = 36–186), seven patients presented a radiological tumor progression with a mean delay of 50.9 months (range = 18–85), of which two were symptomatic (4.3%). Progression-free survival (PFS) was 90.1% at 5 years and 76.8% at 10 years. The extent of the resection was the only significant risk factor for secondary tumor progression (p = 0.012). Four of the seven patients with recurring IME-II were treated: three patients had a second surgery, leading to two GTR and one STR, followed by radiotherapy in one case, and one patient underwent radiotherapy alone. In this study, the rate of symptomatic progression and retreatment after incomplete resection of IME-II without adjuvant radiotherapy was low, suggesting a conservative approach in such cases.
Phytoplankton Dynamics and Its Relation to Physicochemical Parameters in the Dry Season of Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Physicochemical parameters play a significant role in determining phytoplankton structure and dynamics in the lake. The present study investigated the phytoplankton dynamics and their correlation with physicochemical parameters in the dry season of Maninjau Lake. The parameters measured, including temperature, transparency, pH, DO, TN, and TP concentrations, were collected from seven lake locations, i.e., in the middle of the lake, near domestic, hydropower, endemic fisheries, and aquaculture cage areas, and inlet-outlet rivers. Phytoplankton samples were collected from the middle of the lake, near domestic and aquaculture cage areas. TSI analysis shows that Maninjau Lake was hypereutrophic, with an average TSI of 101.15. The phytoplankton community comprises six classes and 22 species dominated by Microcystis aeroginosa and Synedra acus . Bacillariophyceae had the highest phytoplankton concentration, while Cyanophyceae had the highest density. The diversity and equity index of the phytoplankton community structure were low and less evenly distributed, confirming that the lake was hypereutro - phic. The highest diversity index was found in the middle of the lake or the most profound part, while the lowest was near the domestic area. Among the physicochemical parameters, transparency has a strong correlation with dominant phytoplankton.
Experimental investigation of coherent structures of a three-dimensional separated turbulent boundary layer

Coherent structures of a three-dimensional (3D) separation due to an adverse pressure gradient are investigated experimentally. The flow set-up consists of a flat plate to develop a turbulent boundary layer upstream of an asymmetric two-dimensional diffuser with one diverging surface. The diffuser surface has an initial mild curvature followed by a flat section where flow separation occurs. The top and the two sidewalls of the diffuser are not equipped with any flow control mechanism to form a 3D separation. Planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) using four side-by-side cameras is applied to characterize the flow with high spatial resolution over a large streamwise-wall-normal field of view (FOV). Tomographic PIV (tomo-PIV) is also applied for volumetric measurement in a domain flush with the flat surface of the diffuser. The mean flow obtained from averaging instantaneous velocity fields of this intermittent unsteady flow appears as a vortex with an elliptical cross-section. The major axis of the ellipse is tilted with respect to the streamwise direction. As a result, the average velocity in the mid-span of the diffuser has an upstream forward flow and a downstream backward flow, separated by a point of zero wall shear stress. Sweep motions mainly carry out transport of turbulent kinetic energy upstream of this point, while ejections dominate at the downstream region. In the instantaneous flow fields, forward and backward flows have equivalent strength, and the separation front is extended in the spanwise direction. The conditional average of the separation instants forms a saddle-point structure with streamlines converging in the spanwise direction. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of the tomo-PIV data demonstrates that about 42 % of the turbulent kinetic energy is present in the first pair of modes, with a strong spanwise component. The spatial modes of POD also show focus, node and saddle-point structures. The average of the coefficients of the dominant POD modes during the separation events is used to develop a reduced-order model (ROM). Based on the ROM, the instantaneous 3D separation over the diffuser is a saddle-point structure interacting with focus-type structures.
Omics markers of platelet transfusion in trauma patients

Even in the era of the COVID‐19 pandemic, trauma remains the global leading cause of mortality under the age of 49. Trauma‐induced coagulopathy is a leading driver of early mortality in critically ill patients, and transfusion of platelet products is a life‐saving intervention to restore hemostasis in the bleeding patient. However, despite extensive functional studies based on viscoelastic assays, limited information is available about the impact of platelet transfusion on the circulating molecular signatures in trauma patients receiving platelet transfusion.
Innovative Moments and the Process of Change in the Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa

Problematic patient narratives emerging in the process of treatment have been identified as important factors in the maintenance of psychopathology, and their change is associated with desired treatment outcomes. This increased focus in psychotherapy research has triggered the investigation of innovative moments (IMs) as novelties in patient narratives in therapy. This exploratory study aims to investigate the development of IMs throughout treatment in bulimia nervosa (BN) in a sample of good and poor outcome cases, and examine their longitudinal associations with binge and purge frequency change. IMs were coded in sixty sessions across five good outcome and five poor outcome cases in different stages of treatment. Generalized estimating equation analyses indicated that IMs evolved significantly over time, with different trajectories between good and poor outcome groups. High-level IMs showed higher proportion in the good outcome group at the end of treatment indicating that the ability to elaborate on how and why change might occur (as measured by high-level IMs) plays a role in the process of change in BN. Additionally, both low-and high-level IMs predicted symptom decrease in the following session. The study provides a preliminary understanding of important patient narrative processes in psychotherapy for BN and their association with treatment change.
Dynamic and steady state modeling of permanent magnet induction machine

Purpose Modeling electric machines is one of the powerful approaches for analyzing their performance. A dynamic model and a steady-state model are introduced for each electric machine. Permanent magnet induction machine (PMIM) is a dual-rotor electric machine, which has various advantages such as high-power factor and low magnetizing current. Studying PMIM and its modeling might be valuable. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a simple and accurate method for dynamic and steady-state modeling of PMIM. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, arbitrary dqo reference frame is used to model PMIM. First, three-phase dynamic equations of stator and rotors are introduced. Then, they are transferred to an arbitrary reference frame. The voltage and magnetic flux equations aligned at dqo axes are obtained. These equations give the dynamic model. To investigate the results, PMIM simulation is performed according to obtained dynamic equations. Simulation results verify the analytic calculations. Findings In this paper, dynamic equations of PMIM are obtained. These equations are used to determine dynamic equivalent circuits of PMIM. Steady-state equations and one phase equivalent circuit of the PMIM using phasor relations are also extracted. Originality/value PMIM equations along dqo axes and their dynamic and steady-state equivalent circuits are determined. These equations and the equivalent circuits can be transformed to different reference frames and analyzed easily.
Observer-Based Sensor Fault-Tolerant Control With Prescribed Tracking Performance for a Class of Nonlinear Systems

In this note, a robust output feedback fault-tolerant control for a high-performance tracking problem of a Lipschitz nonlinear system under simultaneous sensor fault and disturbance is developed. The proposed scheme includes the design of an adaptive sliding mode observer, which recovers the separation principle. A tangent-type barrier Lyapunov function is incorporated in the backstepping framework to maintain the system states in a prescribed performance bound. Moreover, the unknown estimation error is taken into account. Furthermore, the bounded initial condition assumption is relaxed by defining a time variable bound. The effectiveness of the proposed solution is numerically examined on a dc motor model.