Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated Computation Offloading, UAV Trajectory Control, Edge-Cloud and Radio Resource Allocation in SAGIN

In this article, we study the computation offloading problem in hybrid edge-cloud based space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN), where joint optimization of partial computation offloading, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) trajectory control, user scheduling, edge-cloud computation, radio resource allocation, and admission control is performed. Specifically, the considered SAGIN employs multiple UAV-mounted edge servers with controllable UAV trajectory and a cloud sever which can be reached by ground users (GUs) via multi-hop low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite communications. This design aims to minimize the weighted energy consumption of the GUs and UAVs while satisfying the maximum delay constraints of underlying computation tasks. To tackle the underlying non-convex mixed integer non-linear optimization problem, we use the alternating optimization approach where we iteratively solve four sub-problems, namely user scheduling, partial offloading control and bit allocation over time slots, computation resource and bandwidth allocation, and multi-UAV trajectory control until convergence. Moreover, feasibility verification and admission control strategies are proposed to handle overloaded network scenarios. Furthermore, the successive convex approximation (SCA) method is employed to convexify and solve the non-convex computation resource and bandwidth allocation and UAV trajectory control sub-problems. Via extensive numerical studies, we illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed design compared to baselines.
Endogenous and microbial biomarkers for periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus

It has been well documented that there is a two-way relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Diabetes mellitus represents an established risk factor for chronic periodontitis. Conversely, chronic periodontitis adversely modulates serum glucose levels in diabetic patients. Activated immune and inflammatory responses are noted during diabetes and periodontitis, under the modulation of similar biological mediators. These activated responses result in increased activity of certain immune-inflammatory mediators including adipokines and microRNAs in diabetic patients with periodontal disease. Notably, certain microbes in the oral cavity were identified to be involved in the occurrence of diabetes and periodontitis. In other words, these immune-inflammatory mediators and microbes may potentially serve as biomarkers for risk assessment and therapy selection in diabetes and periodontitis. In this review, we briefly provide an updated overview on different potential biomarkers, providing novel diagnostic and therapeutic insights on periodontal complications and diabetes mellitus.
An Examination of the Effect of Financial Inclusion on Financial Stability: Evidence From a Panel of Ten African Countries

This paper examines the impact of financial inclusion on financial stability for a group of 10 African countries using the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) panel estimator for the period running from 2004 through 2019. To shortlist the financial inclusion indicators, the study used the Principal Component Analysis to construct the financial inclusion index. Economic growth and inflation variables are used as control variables. To explore the stationarity of the variables, the study applied the Im, Pesaran, and Shin, ADF Fisher, and the PP-Fisher panel unit root tests. The sample countries include Botswana, Cameroon, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Uganda, South Africa, and Zambia. The results from the panel unit root tests indicate that the four variables in the system, including the financial inclusion index, bank Z-score, economic growth rate, and inflation, are level stationary. The results from Pearson correlations provided cursory evidence that financial inclusion and financial stability are significantly positively correlated. The results from the GMM panel estimator indicate that financial inclusion has a significantly positive effect on financial stability. This finding entails that access to financial services engenders bank stability. Policy implications are discussed.
Statistical uncertainties in seismic hazard evaluations in the United States

abstract Efficient and accurate methods of estimating the sensitivity of seismic hazard calculations to statistical uncertainties in models and parameters are demonstrated. These models require knowledge of the earthquake magnitude and distance that contribute most to the probability of exceedence of a chosen acceleration level; the methods estimate sensitivities using point-source seismic-hazard approximations for which closed-form solutions are available. An additional result is that the use of Bayesian estimates for seismicity and ground motion parameters in the hazard analysis produces unbiased Bayesian estimates of the seismic ground motion hazard, due to the almost linear relationship between ground motion amplitudes at a given probability level, and parameter uncertainties. Application of these methods to the San Francisco, California, Bay area indicates a coefficient of variation (cov) of the 500-yr acceleration of about 0.4 at sites close to major faults, and a cov of about 0.2 at sites 50 km to the east of the major east bay faults. These cov9s result from statistical uncertainty in the depth of energy release, the activity rate and Richter b value for each fault, and the mean acceleration-attenuation relationship. A similar analysis in the central Mississippi Valley area indicates a cov in 500-yr acceleration of 0.4 near the major faults, with a value of about 0.3 at distances greater than 50 km. The sources of statistical uncertainty in this region are the depth of energy release as well as its location, the activity rate and Richter b value for each fault, and the mean acceleration-attenuation function.
Studying Islands: On Whose Terms? Some Epistemological and Methodological Challenges to the Pursuit of Island Studies

The pursuit of nissology, or island studies, calls for a re-centering of focus from mainland to island, away from the discourse of conquest of mainlanders, giving voice and platform for the expression of island narratives. Yet, studying islands ‘on their own terms’, in spite of its predilection for “authenticity”, is fraught with epistemological and methodological difficulties. The insider/outsider distinction does not work all that well when it comes to islands, where hybridity is the norm. This paper seeks to extend this debate, grappling especially with the contributions of Grant McCall and Peter Hay to the sparse literature. Five dilemmas related to indigenous island geographies are presented and discussed, in a semi-autobiographical style
THE ABDUS SALAM INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS ON THE LOJASIEWICZ EXPONENT AT INFINITY OF REAL POLYNOMIALS

Let f : R → R be a nonconstant polynomial function. In this paper, using the information from “the curve of tangency” of f, we provide a method to determine the Lojasiewicz exponent at infinity of f. As a corollary, we give a computational criterion to decide if the Lojasiewicz exponent at infinity is finite or not. Then, we obtain a formula to calculate the set of points at which the polynomial f is not proper. Moreover, a relation between the Lojasiewicz exponent at infinity of f with the problem of computing the global optimum of f is also established. MIRAMARE TRIESTE July 2007 hhvui@math.ac. vn pham ts@yahoo.co.uk
The effects of different substrates on Lilium candidum cultivation under greenhouse condition.

This study was carried out to determine the cultivation possibility of Lilium candidum by soilless culture under greenhouse conditions. The study was conducted in Greenhouse at Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture in 2004-2005 autumn-winter growing season. Sand, pumice, perlite, zeolite and cocopeat as substrate were used in soilless culture systems. The experiment was designed as a randomized plot design with 3 replicates and 6 bulbs were planted in each plot. Plant feeding and irrigation were done by drip irrigation system once a day. The pH was maintained 6.5-7 and EC was 1.2-1.4 mmhos/cm. Used nutrient solution was not reused. Data like bulb diameter, substem diameter, upperstem diameter, stem length and bunch length was obtained from the search and tested with variance and Duncan. As a result of analyzes, the best bulb diameter and stem length were achieved in coco peat. Flowers were obtained from whole substrates.
Noncommutative Φ 4 Theory at Two Loops Andrei Micu

We study perturbative aspects of noncommutative field theories. This work is arranged in two parts. First, we review noncommutative field theories in general and discuss both canonical and path integral quantization methods. In the second part, we consider the particular example of noncommutative Φ4 theory in four dimensions and work out the corresponding effective action and discuss renormalizability of the theory, up to two loops.
Investigation of Citizenship Scopes in All Islamic Azad Universities (Mazandaran Province of Iran)

3 Abstract: Citizenship education has undergone deep transformation in the 21 century due to globalization, st excellent relations between countries, increase in cultural, language and ethnic diversity. It necessitates educational systems, including higher education systems, to organize commensurate educational programs so as to meet the students' knowledge, attitude and skill requirements and to prepare them for interaction in local, national, regional and international dimensions in the political, economical, social and cultural areas. Considering the significance of citizenship education in higher education system, an attempt is made to investigate this subject in the units of Mazandaran Province Islamic Azad University in order to determine the performance of these academic centers in this region. Therefore, it was intended to analyze the citizenship knowledge, attitude and skills of the students of Mazandaran Province Islamic Azad University to determine the impact of higher education on these citizenship parameters. The research method is survey-based. The statistical society includes students of Mazandaran Province Azad University. The sampling was done by systematic random method; Kerjesi and Morgan tables were used to determine the sample range suggesting that 1200 persons participated in this research. The evaluation tool was a questionnaire containing 58 queries about citizenship parameters (citizenship knowledge, attitude and skill) based on the Likret scale. Face and content validities were applied in the design of questionnaire and its reliability was evaluated to be 0.764 using Kronbach alpha. The research data were analyzed by means of SPSS software comprising descriptive methods, "t" test and independent "t" test. As implied by the results, no significant difference was observed among the students except for citizenship skill. Thus, it can be stated that Mazandaran Province Islamic Azad University does not have considerable effect on the citizenship knowledge, attitude and skill of the studied society.
THE ABDUS SALAM INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS DETERMINATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINO FLUXES FROM ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINO DATA

The precise knowledge of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes is a key ingredient in the interpretation of the results from any atmospheric neutrino experiment. In the standard data analysis, these fluxes are theoretical inputs obtained from sophisticated numerical calculations based on the convolution of the primary cosmic ray spectrum with the expected yield of neutrinos per incident cosmic ray. In this work we present an alternative approach to the determination of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes based on the direct extraction from the experimental data on neutrino event rates. The extraction is achieved by means of a combination of artificial neural networks as interpolants and Monte Carlo methods for faithful error estimation.
Zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes and their geological significance of Yiyang TTG gneisses from Henan province,China

Large volumes of gray gneisses of tonalite trondhjemite granodiorite(TTG)occur in the southern margin of the North China Craton(NCC). The data of geochemistry,zircon chronology and Hf isotopic composition for TTG genisses in the Yiyang area are reported in this paper,and then the geological significances are discussed.The gneisses are high in SiO_2(59～73%) and Al_2O_3 (15%). The concentrations of CaO、MgO、Al_2O_3、TiO_2 decrease with the increasing of SiO_2,showing negative correlation,whereas the P_2O_5,Na_2O/K_2O ratios display positive correlations,indicating the department of mafic-mineral,apatite and plagioclase.The REE patterns of the gneisses are characterized by strongly fractionated REE patterns((La/Yb)_N=9～23)and without Eu anomalies, and the HREEs are flatter compared with the LREE contents.The concentrations of incompatible trace elements such as Rb,Ba,Sr are enriched,whereas the high field strength element(e.g.Nb and Ta)contents are low.The rocks have typical low Y(13.25～25.27μg/g)and Yb(1.27～1.98μg/g)contents,and exhibit high Sr(507.14～606.85μ/g)contents,resembling the geochemical characteristics of high-Al TYG suite.In this case,hornblende is required to retain in the restite.The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yields 2.3Ga,representing the formation age of the TTG gneisses.Most zircons in the TTG gneisses have negativee_(Hf)(t)value,which suggests that the protoliths of the genisses were mainly derived from ancient crustal rocks at the southwestern margin of NCC.While a few zircons show positivee_(Hf)(t)value,indicting juvenile materials,probably from depleted mantle,were added to the protoliths of the gneisses.The oldest two-stage Hf model ages of the TTG gneisses are about2.8Ga,suggesting that the source rocks of the gneisses in the Yiyang are at least as old as 2.8Ga. Although the 2500Ma is the significant time of crustal growth in the NCC,there was also new crust formation during the paleoproterozoic as we show in this study,together with some former researches.
The present progness of research on heavy metal pollution and plant enrichment in soil-plant system

A summary is presented of the current progress of study on heavy metals pollution and plant enrichment in soil plant system with an emphasis on the form and distribution of heavy metal pollution in soil,as well as the characteristics and the law of varied crops and vegetables absorbing the heavy metal.The basis is offered for cultivation of non harmful crops.
Alcoholic hepatitis: Yes to prednisolone and no to pentoxifylline [version 1; referees: not peer reviewed]

© 2016 Davies O and Dezfulian C. An evaluation of a recent study by Thursz MR, Richardson P, Allison M et al. " Prednisolone or Pentoxifylline for Alcoholic Hepatitis". N Engl J Med 2015;372:1619-28. PubMed PMID: 25901427. EudraCT number, 2009-013897-42. Current Controlled Trials number ISRCTN88782125.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Inclusive education in the Netherlands Characteristics and effects

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Calendar-dated glacier response in the Alps -- The 8.2 ka event

doi: 10.1130/G32406.1 published online 18 July 2012; Geology Kurt Nicolussi and Christian Schlüchter Calendar-dated glacier response in the Alps −− The 8.2 ka event Email alerting services articles cite this article to receive free e-mail alerts when new www.gsapubs. org/cgi/alerts click Subscribe to subscribe to Geology www.gsapubs. org/subscriptions/ click Permission request to contact GSA http://www.geosociety. org/pubs/copyrt.htm#gsa click
The character of polar tidal signatures in the extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model

The characteristics of the diurnal, semidiurnal, and terdiurnal tides (zonal wave numbers −5 to +5 in temperature and zonal wind) in the polar mesosphere and lower thermosphere region as simulated by the extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model are examined. The most significant diurnal, semidiurnal, and terdiurnal tides in the polar regions are Ds0, Dw1, and De1; Sw3, Sw2, Sw1, Ss0, Se1, and Se2; and Tw3, Ts0, and Tw1, respectively, and their latitudinal structures, seasonal variations, and hemispheric asymmetries noted. Of these components, Ds0, Tw1, Ts0, and Tw3 exhibit a seasonally symmetric variation with both hemispheres strengthening simultaneously. On the other hand, Dw1 strengthens asymmetrically so that when one hemisphere is strong, the other is weak. The remainder show no seasonal tendency but vacillate on shorter than seasonal time scales in a symmetric or antisymmetric manner at different times of the year. Global‐scale correlations of the amplitudes of the migrating tides Dw1/Sw2 and the stationary planetary wave 1 and the assumed “child” nonmigrating tides are also examined. The results indicate that the correlations are highly time scale‐dependent and the significant correlations seen with the original time series are mainly due to longer‐term variations (>18 days). There are no consistent global correlations associated with the short‐term variations (<18 days) among these waves.
Chemical composition, optical properties, and oxidative potential of water- 
and methanol-soluble organic compounds emitted from the combustion of 
biomass materials and coal

Abstract. Biomass burning (BB) and coal combustion (CC) are important sources of brown carbon (BrC) in ambient aerosols. In this study, six biomass materials and five types of coal were combusted to generate fine smoke particles. The BrC fractions, including water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC), humic-like substances (HULIS), and methanol-soluble organic compounds (MSOC), were subsequently fractionated and their optical properties and chemical structures were then comprehensively investigated using UV-visible spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), and fluorescence extraction-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEM) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). In addition, the oxidative potential (OP) of BB and CC BrC was measured with the dithiothreitol (DTT) method. The results showed that WSOC, HULIS, and MSOC accounted for 2.3 %–22 %, 0.5 %–10 %, and 6.4 %–73 % of the total mass of combustion-derived PM2.5, respectively, with MSOC extracting the highest concentrations of organic compounds. The MSOC fractions had the highest light absorption capacity (mass absorption efficiency at 365 nm (MAE365): 1.0–2.7 m2/gC) for both BB and CC smoke, indicating that MSOC contained more of the strong light-absorbing components. Therefore, MSOC may better represent the total BrC than the water-soluble fractions. Some significant differences were observed between the BrC fractions emitted from BB and CC, with more water-soluble BrC fractions with higher MAE365 and lower absorption Ångström exponent values detected in smoke emitted from BB than from CC. The EEM-PARAFAC analysis identified four fluorophores: two protein-like, one humic-like, and one polyphenol-like. The protein-like substance was the dominant component of WSOC (47 %–80 %), HULIS (44 %–87 %), and MSOC (42 %–70 %). The 1H-NMR results suggested that BB BrC contained more oxygenated aliphatic functional groups (H-C-O), whereas CC BrC contained more unsaturated fractions (H-C-C = and Ar-H). The DTT assays indicated that BB BrC generally had a stronger OP (DTTmass, 2.6–85 pmol/min/μg) than CC BrC (DTTmass, 0.4–11 pmol/min/μg), with MSOC having a stronger OP than WSOC and HULIS. Therefore, the BrC fractions from BB had higher OP values than those from CC.
Working Paper Series

We develop a theory of labor quality based on (i) the division of the labor force between unskilled and skilled workers and (ii) investments in skilled workers. In our theory, countries differ in two key dimensions: talent and total factor productivity (TFP). We measure talent using the observed achievement levels from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) scores. Our findings imply that the quality of labor in rich countries is about twice as large as the quality in poor countries. Thus, the implied disparities in TFP levels are smaller relative to the standard growth model using a Mincerian measure of labor quality. In our model, the resulting elasticity of output per worker with respect to TFP is about 2.
Palynoflora of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands: Contribution to the understanding of the evolution of the southern Pacific Gondwana margin

Palynoflora are reported from morainic deposits at several localities on Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. The palynomorphs observed include Pteridophyta, Pinophyta, Magnoliophyta and fungal spores. It is possible to distinguish two different palynological assemblages from the moraine deposits of Shirreff Cape, arbitrarily called Type A and B. Pteridophyta and Podocarpaceae dominate in the Type A association and in the Byers Peninsula palynoflora. Warm and humid conditions and an Early Cretaceous age are attributed to it. The Type B assemblage is characterized by a subantarctic flora with Pteridophyta, Pinophyta and Nothofagidites spp. , a cold-temperate and humid climate, and a probable Late Cretaceous-Paleogene age. The palynological associations from Williams Point and Hannah Point are characterized by Pteridophyta, Pinophyta and Magnoliophyta with a probable Late Cretaceous age and temperate-humid climate. The palynomorph assemblage of Hannah Point is later than the one observed from Williams Point. Citation: Palma-Heldt, S. , F. Fernandoy, G. Henríquez, and M. Leppe (2007), Palynoflora of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands: Contribution to the understanding of the evolution of the southern Pacific Gondwana margin. Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES X, edited by A. K. Cooper and C. R. Raymond et al., USGS. Open-File Report 2007-1047, Extended Abstract 100, 3 p.
Research on the formation age of Ningduo Rock Group in Changdu Block:Evidence for the existence of basement in the North Qiangtang

It is closely concerned that whether pre-Cambrian basement exist in Qiangtang area,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The formation age of Ningduo Rock Group that belongs to one of the metamorphic rocks of the Changdu Block shows great significance in resolving this question.The age 1044±30 Ma of the youngest erosion provenance is obtained by LA-ICP-MS zircon dating in biotite plagioclase gneiss(para-metamorphic rock)from the Ningduo Rock Group in Xiaosumang area,Yushu County,Qinghai Province.This age represents the lower limit formation age of the Ningduo Rock Group.Meanwhile,the crystallization age 990.5±3.7Ma of the gneissic biotite granite that intruded into the Ningduo Rock may represents the upper limit formation age of the Ningduo Rock Group.The formation age of the Ningduo Rock Group can be constrained between 1044±30and 990.5±3.7Ma(Late Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic). In addition,there is a second peak age of 530Ma of the biotite plagioclase gneiss of the Ningduo Rock Group,which may represent the age information of Pan-African Movement in Qiangtang area.