Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Competitiveness and sustainability in small and open economies in the age of industry 5.0

We are living in the times of the fourth industrial revolution, which is quickly accelerating towards the fifth, which assumes that our civilization, in addition to exponential technological development, is already transforming itself through a green and human-oriented transition. In such uncertain and challenging times, the circular economy model is emerging as one of the leading economic concepts which both nations and economic blocks will focus on because it encompasses all contemporary trends of humanity, namely the care for the environment and the planet earth, the proliferation of the state-of-the-art technologies and human-centric development approach. In such global economic tendencies, the question arises as to how small and open economies should strategically position themselves in order to strengthen the competitive edge of their firms on the one hand and at the same time strengthen their own national competitiveness. This paper explores the possibilities of using the latest technologies, foremost Industry 5.0, to develop new innovative business models within the circular economy, with a special emphasis on the energy sector. The authors conclude that the use of Industry 5.0 technology is not only preferable as one of the competitiveness boosters for firms, but represents one of the must-have key success factors, especially when competing in niche segments.
Are anthropometric characteristics powerful markers to predict the Cooper Run Test? Actual Caucasian data

Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful marker of cardiovascular health, especially in youth. Several field tests can provide accurate measurement of CRF, the Cooper Run Test (CRT) is generally preferred by physical education (PE) teachers and trainers. The CRT performance in adolescents has been compared to reference distance values, gender and age but the differences among the anthropometric characteristics of youth has not been evaluated. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to develop reference standards for CRT and evaluate possible correlations between biometric measurements and athletic performance. Methods This cross-sectional study involved a total of 9,477 children (4,615 girls) aged 11–14 years, freely recruited from North Italian middle schools. Mass, height and CRT performances were assessed in the morning during PE classes as scheduled (mornings-Monday to Friday). The anthropometric measures were collected at least 20 min before the CRT run test. Results We found a better CRT result in boys (p < 0.001), however a smaller SD in girls suggested a more homogeneous aerobic performance for girls (i.e., 371.12 m vs 282.00 m). In addition, the Shapiro-Wilk test showed a low p-value (p < 0.001) but the effect size (0.031 for boys and 0.022 for girls) was small enough that the correction on this parameter allows a practical assumption of normality for the distributions. A visual homoskedastic distribution in both sexes is evident for both body mass index (BMI), mass and VO2 peak with respect to CRT results. In addition, there were low linear correlation coefficients for both BMI, mass and VO2 peak compared to the CRT results, with a R2 < 0.5 for every covariate. The only visual heteroskedastic distribution was observed in regression between distance in CRT and age at peak high velocity. Conclusions Our findings suggested that anthropometric characteristics are not powerful markers to predict Cooper Run Test results in a well-mixed, unpolarized and unbiased pool of middle school boys and girls. PE teachers and trainers should prefer endurance tests over the use of indirect formulas to predict performance.
Effect of different extraction methods on antioxidant properties and encapsulation efficiency of anthocyanin of pomegranate peel

Abstract This study aimed to measure the efficiency, total anthocyanin content (TAC), and total phenol content (TPC) of pomegranate peel powder (PPP) extract from different extractions. Also, the characteristics of the nanoencapsulated extracts with maltodextrin (MD)/Lepidium perfoliatum (Qodume Shahri) seed gum were investigated. The highest and lowest extraction efficiency was related to solvent ethanol–water extraction (SEWE) (76.35%) and solvent ethanol extraction (SEE) (25.73%), respectively. Extracts obtained from microwave extraction (ME) and ultrasound extraction (UE) methods had the highest and lowest values of TAC (4.00–0.35) (mg C3G/g PPP) and TPC (702.13–232.58) (mg GAE/100 g sample), respectively. Peak 3213 in FT‐IR indicates the O–H bond, which showed the highest content of phenolic compounds in the extract obtained from ME compared with SEE, SEWE, and UE. The nanoencapsulated extracts from SEE, SEE, and UE had the lowest particle size of peak 1, particle distribution in peak 1, and average particle size distribution compared with other extractions, respectively. The highest encapsulation efficiency of anthocyanin (EEA) and encapsulation efficiency of phenol (EEP) were related to UE (96.15%) and SEWE (86.57%), respectively. The EEP and EEA of SEE were not significantly different from ME and SEWE, respectively. On the other hand, the type and amount of extractive compounds in the extract have a great impact on the efficiency of nanoencapsulation and the average size distribution of nanoencapsulated particles. As a result, PPP extract is rich in antioxidant compounds, which can be determined by carefully examining the appropriate method of extraction and preservation of the extracted compounds.
Sur les états à production d’entropie minimum dans les systèmes continus

L’objet de ce travail est de montrer comment le théo¬ rème des états à production d’entropie minimum de Prigogine s’étend au cas des systèmes continus. Cette généralisation permet d’établir très facilement la stabilité des états stationnaires.
Protective Efficacy of Two Endemic Strobilanthes of Southern Western Ghats Kerala

Chembrammal et al. : Bioactivity of Two Endemic Strobilanthes Modern food habits in humans have increased the frequency of diseases especially colon cancer. The present findings suggest the potential efficacy of two endemic Strobilanthes species of Southern Western Ghats. The shoot extract of the plants showed high radical scavenging activity in hydroxyl scavenging assay at an half maximal inhibitory concentration of 375.24±2.03 and 375.24±2.03 µg/ml against gallic acid for Strobilanthes anamallaica and Strobilanthes virendrakumarana respectively. Their activity in the superoxide-free radical assay was moderate when compared with the standard. Among the two species, Strobilanthes virendrakumarana highly impacted colon cancer cells (DLD1) with an Lethal concentration 50 of 111.99±4.91 µg/ml. These concentrations do not affect the normal cell line L929 under consideration. Hence, the endemic plant of Southern-Western Ghats, viz . , Strobilanthes virendrakumarana is a promising candidate against colon cancer cells.
Developments in Post-Resuscitation Care for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests in Adults—A Narrative Review

This review focuses on current developments in post-resuscitation care for adults with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). As the incidence of OHCA is high and with a low percentage of survival, it remains a challenge to treat those who survive the initial phase and regain spontaneous circulation. Early titration of oxygen in the out-of-hospital phase is not associated with increased survival and should be avoided. Once the patient is admitted, the oxygen fraction can be reduced. To maintain an adequate blood pressure and urine output, noradrenaline is the preferred agent over adrenaline. A higher blood pressure target is not associated with higher rates of good neurological survival. Early neuro-prognostication remains a challenge, and prognostication bundles should be used. Established bundles could be extended by novel biomarkers and methods in the upcoming years. Whole blood transcriptome analysis has shown to reliably predict neurological survival in two feasibility studies. This needs further investigation in larger cohorts.
Evanescent modes are virtual photons

Former QED-based studies of evanescent modes identified these with virtual photons. Recent experimental studies confirmed the resulting predictions about non-locality, non-observability, violation of the Einstein relation and the existence of a commutator of field operators between two space-like separated points. Relativistic causality thus is violated by the near-field phenomenon evanescent modes while primitive causality is untouched.
Perioperative toripalimab + platinum-doublet chemotherapy vs chemotherapy in resectable stage II/III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Interim event-free survival (EFS) analysis of the phase III Neotorch study.

425126 Background: Adjuvant and neoadjuvant immunotherapy have been approved by US FDA to treat early-stage NSCLC. However, the optimal neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, including duration of treatment, are unknown. We present the interim results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative toripalimab plus chemotherapy followed by toripalimab maintenance vs chemotherapy in resectable stage III NSCLC. Methods: Patients with stage II/III resectable NSCLC, without EGFR/ALK alterations for non-squamous NSCLC, were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive 240 mg toripalimab or placebo combined with chemotherapy Q3W for 3 cycles before surgery and one cycle after surgery, followed by toripalimab or placebo monotherapy Q3W for 13 cycles. Stratification variables for randomization included disease stage, histopathologic subtype, PD-L1 expression and surgical procedure. Primary endpoints were EFS by investigator and major pathological response (MPR) rate by a blinded independent pathologic review (BIPR) in the stage III and the ITT populations. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), pathologic complete response (pCR) rate, EFS by independent review committee (IRC), and safety. A planned interim analysis was performed on the primary endpoint of EFS in the stage III subjects. Results: A total of 404 patients with stage III NSCLC were randomly assigned to toripalimab (n=202) or placebo (n=202). By the data cutoff date (November 30, 2022), the median follow-up was 18.3 months. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the two arms. EFS was significantly improved in the toripalimab arm, HR=0.40, 95% CI (0.277-0.565), P<0.0001, and crossed the pre-specified efficacy boundary. The median EFS was not reached in the toripalimab arm and 15.1 months in the placebo arm. A consistent effect on EFS, favoring toripalimab, was observed in all subgroups. The MPR and pCR rates per BIPR were also higher in the toripalimab arm, 48.5% vs 8.4% and 24.8% vs 1.0%, respectively. The OS results showed a trend favoring toripalimab. The incidence of Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) (63.4% vs 54.0%), fatal AEs related to toripalimab/placebo (0.5% vs 0%) and AEs leading to discontinuation of toripalimab/placebo (9.4% vs 7.4%) were comparable between the two arms. However, the incidence of immune-related AEs (42.1% vs 22.8%) was more frequent in the toripalimab arm. Conclusions: The addition of toripalimab to perioperative chemotherapy showed statistically significant improvements in EFS for patients with stage III NSCLC with a manageable safety profile. Patients will be followed for overall survival. Clinical trial information: NCT04158440 .
Lifespan of trailing vortices in a turbulent atmosphere

The lifespan of aircraft trailing vortices is controlled by a mutual induction instability excited by atmospheric turbulence. The instability itself is well understood. The purpose here is to incorporate the effects of turbulence and thereby predict wake lifespan as a function of meteorologica l conditions. Eddies of the relevant size are assumed to lie in the Kolmogorov inertial subrange, characterized by an energy dissipation rate e. The appropriate dimensionless measure of turbulence intensity proves to be T/ = (€^) 1/3/(T/27r&), where T is the circulation around the vortices, and b is their separation. Similarity considerations imply a mean wake lifespan of the form (2-Kb2/r)r(ij), where T is a universal function of rj. A statistical definition of lifespan is proposed, and T is computed in the limit of large 17, when the vortices are too weak to influence their own deformation. Vortex induction then is included, and T is computed in the opposite limit of small i? by the method of stationary phase. In that limit, vertical currents are the chief excitors of instability. The two asymptotic forms for 7(17) join in a smooth curve in reasonable agreement with the few published data. The paper concludes with a review of a practical method for actively exciting the mutual induction instability. The method would shorten the typical lifespan of a 747 wake by a factor of 3.
UV-Excited Luminescence in Porous Organosilica Films with Various Organic Components

UV-induced photoluminescence of organosilica films with ethylene and benzene bridging groups in their matrix and terminal methyl groups on the pore wall surface was studied to reveal optically active defects and understand their origin and nature. The careful selection of the film’s precursors and conditions of deposition and curing and analysis of chemical and structural properties led to the conclusion that luminescence sources are not associated with the presence of oxygen-deficient centers, as in the case of pure SiO2. It is shown that the sources of luminescence are the carbon-containing components that are part of the low-k-matrix, as well as the carbon residues formed upon removal of the template and UV-induced destruction of organosilica samples. A good correlation between the energy of the photoluminescence peaks and the chemical composition is observed. This correlation is confirmed by the results obtained by the Density Functional theory. The photoluminescence intensity increases with porosity and internal surface area. The spectra become more complicated after annealing at 400 °C, although Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy does not show these changes. The appearance of additional bands is associated with the compaction of the low-k matrix and the segregation of template residues on the surface of the pore wall.
‘The Times They Are A-Changin’: the shifting motivations for volunteering in rural Wide Bay–Burnett Queensland

ABSTRACT This article explores why volunteers are motivated to make significant social contributions, either informally through personal interactions, or formally within rural healthcare organisations. Volunteerism is a form of civic engagement includes a variety of service, collective action, political involvement, and social change efforts by citizens to improve conditions for others or work towards shaping the civic sphere. The latest Federal Government Indicators show a 2% decline in formal volunteering rates. Thus, the implications for rural communities are problematic. Using the Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI), we surveyed volunteers at a rural voluntary organisation and found trends for volunteer types, based on demographic factors and volunteer motivations. A key finding was that altruistic motivations were the strongest motivator for these rural Wide Bay–Burnett Queensland volunteers.
Understanding Forecasting Errors in State Personal Income Tax Revenues: The Role of Capital Gains

Many states face challenges in producing accurate forecasts of tax revenue from personal income. Using data from 1996 to 2019, we look at how growth in the various base components of personal income influence the accuracy of a state's forecast of revenue from personal income taxation. We consistently find growth in capital gains, which has the highest year-to-year volatility among personal income components, to be associated with a state underestimating its actual revenues from personal income by at least 2 percentage points.
The Interface or Air Sea Flux Component of the TOGA Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment and Its Impact on Subsequent Air Sea Interaction Studies

Abstract The interface or air–sea flux component of the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) research program and its subsequent impact on studies of air–sea interaction are described. The field work specific to the interface component was planned to improve understanding of air–sea interaction in the Tropics by improving the methodology of flux measurements and by collecting a comprehensive set of observations with coverage of a broad range of time and space scales. The strategies adopted for COARE, particularly the on-site intercomparisons, postexperiment studies of instrument performance, and bulk flux algorithm development, ensured the compilation of very high quality data for the basic near-surface meteorological variables and air–sea fluxes. The success in meeting the goals of improved air–sea heat and freshwater fluxes was verified by closure of the ocean heat and freshwater budgets to within 10 W m−2 and 20%, respectively. These result.
Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with controlled hypertension after 9 years of observation of a PURE Poland cohort study

Introduction Despite some improvement in awareness and treatment of hypertension, blood pressure control is still below expectations in Poland. The aim of the study was to analyze the secular trend of hypertension prevalence in the PURE Poland cohort study over 9 years of observation and to analyze factors associated with controlled HT. Methods The study group consisted of 1,598 participants enrolled in a Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological Study (PURE), who participated both in baseline (2007–2010) and 9-year follow-up (2016–2019). Hypertension was ascertained on the basis of (1) self-reported hypertension previously diagnosed by the physician, (2) self-reported anti-hypertensive medication, and/or (3) an average of two blood pressure measurements ≥140 mmHg systolic BP and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic BP. Results The prevalence of hypertension increased from 69.4% at baseline to 85.9% at 9-year follow-up. The chance of HT was 8.6-fold higher in the oldest vs. the youngest age group [OR 8.55; CI 4.47–16.1]. Male sex increased the chance for hypertension over 3-fold [OR 3.23; CI 2.26–4.73]. Obesity, according to BMI, increased the chance of HT 8-fold [OR 8.01; CI 5.20–12.8] in comparison with normal body weight. Male sex decreased the chance of controlled HT after 9 years [OR 0.68; CI 0.50–0.92]. There was no statistically significant association between controlled HT and age or place of residence. Higher and secondary education increased the chance of controlled HT over 2-fold in comparison with primary education [OR 2.35; CI 1.27–4.34, OR 2.34; CI 1.33–4.11]. Obesity significantly decreased the chance of controlled HT after 9 years in comparison with normal body weight [OR 0.54; CI 0.35–0.83]. Conclusion Factors significantly increasing the chance for controlled hypertension after 9 years were female sex, secondary and tertiary education, normal body weight, and avoiding alcohol drinking. Changes in lifestyle, with special emphasis on maintaining normal body weight, should be the basis of prevention and control of HT.
One-Year Outcomes of PreserfloTM MicroShunt Implantation versus Trabeculectomy for Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

This retrospective, single-center study evaluates the safety and efficacy of PreserfloTM MicroShunt (MicroShunt) implantations compared to trabeculectomies (TETs) in patients diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG). A total of 31 eyes from 28 patients received a MicroShunt implantation, and 29 eyes from 26 patients received a TET. Surgical success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) between 5 mmHg and 17 mmHg at the end of the follow-up period, no need for surgical revisions or secondary glaucoma surgery, and no loss of light perception. In the MicroShunt group, the mean IOP dropped from 20.8 ± 5.9 mmHg at baseline to 12.4 ± 2.8 mmHg (p < 0.0001) after one year. In the TET group, the mean IOP dropped from 22.3 ± 6.5 mmHg to 11.1 ± 3.7 mmHg (p < 0.0001) after 12 months. In both of the groups, the mean number of medications was reduced significantly (MicroShunt from 2.7 ± 1.2 to 0.2 ± 0.7; p < 0.0001 vs. TET from 2.9 ± 1.2 to 0.3 ± 0.9; p < 0.0001). Considering the success rates, 83.9% of the MicroShunt eyes achieved complete success, and 90.3% qualified for success at the end of the follow-up period. In the TET group, the rates were 82.8% and 93.1%, respectively. The postoperative complications were comparable between both groups. In conclusion, the MicroShunt implantation demonstrated non-inferiority regarding its efficacy and safety profile compared to TET in PEXG at a follow-up of one year.
Extracellular Vesicles of the Plant Pathogen Botrytis cinerea

Fungal secretomes are known to contain a multitude of components involved in nutrition, cell growth or biotic interactions. Recently, extra-cellular vesicles have been identified in a few fungal species. Here, we used a multidisciplinary approach to identify and characterize extracellular vesicles produced by the plant necrotroph Botrytis cinerea. Transmission electron microscopy of infectious hyphae and hyphae grown in vitro revealed extracellular vesicles of various sizes and densities. Electron tomography showed the co-existence of ovoid and tubular vesicles and pointed to their release via the fusion of multi-vesicular bodies with the cell plasma membrane. The isolation of these vesicles and exploration of their protein content using mass spectrometry led to the identification of soluble and membrane proteins involved in transport, metabolism, cell wall synthesis and remodeling, proteostasis, oxidoreduction and traffic. Confocal microscopy highlighted the capacity of fluorescently labeled vesicles to target cells of B. cinerea, cells of the fungus Fusarium graminearum, and onion epidermal cells but not yeast cells. In addition, a specific positive effect of these vesicles on the growth of B. cinerea was quantified. Altogether, this study broadens our view on the secretion capacity of B. cinerea and its cell-to-cell communication.
Why Babies die in the first 7 days after birth in Somalia Region of Ethiopia?

Introduction: Early neonatal death, which occurs during the prenatal period, is defined as the death of a newborn between 0 and 7 days after birth. It is one of the major public health problems in several developing countries. This study aimed to determine the early neonatal mortality rate and identify determinants of early neonatal mortality in Somalia region of Ethiopia. Methods: The data used for this study were drawn from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (2019 EMDHS) data. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of early neonatal mortality. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was used to examine the association of factors with early neonatal mortality. Results: A total of 637 live births were included in this study. The early neonatal mortality rate in the study was 44 (95% CI: 31, 65) deaths per 1000 live births. Male babies (AOR: 1.628; 95% CI: 1.152–4.895), babies delivered at home (AOR: 2.288; 95% CI: 1.194–6.593), and babies born from uneducated mothers (AOR: 2.130; 95% CI: 1.744–6.100) were at increased risk of death in the first 7 days of life after birth. Contrarily, decreased risk of death of babies in the first 7 days of life after birth was associated with urban residence (AOR: 0.669; 95% CI: 0.033–0.721) and singleton (AOR: 0.345; 95% CI: 0.070–0.609). Conclusion: The early neonatal mortality rate in the region was high. The study revealed that sex of child, place of residence, birth type, mother’s educational level, and place of delivery were the determinants of the death of babies in the first 7 days of life after birth. Hence, providing health education to uneducated mothers and enhancing institutional delivery is recommended to minimize the early neonatal mortality rate in the region.