Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Immunogenicity of Avian Influenza Virus Nucleoprotein

Background: Influenza viruses cause Avian Influenza (AI) is a serious infectious disease belonging to type A Orthomyxovirus. A viral RNA synthesis is due to an interaction of the nucleoprotein (NP) with the viral polymerase. In the present study, we have evaluated the immunogenicity of avian influenza virus nucleoprotein. Materials & Methods: An Influenza Virus N9H2 subtype A/Chicken Iran/259/2014 was selected. In order to perform electrophoresis and purification of nucleoprotein, the protein concentration of the samples was determined. SDS-PAGE and Native-PAGE electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel were done and differences in gel bands in two methods were compared. Purification of the virus nucleoprotein performed by electroelution method and purified nucleoprotein were assayed by ELISA to obtain the produced antibody titers. Ouchterlony and western blot tests were used for final approval. Results: By determining the molecular weight of each polypeptides, the molecular weights of H9N2 proteins were ranged from 30 to 140kDa and the molecular weight of the nucleoprotein was 60kDa. The nucleoprotein was purified by electroelution method. Ouchterlony showed that in serum dilution of 1:2 and 1:4, the sediment lines were formed between the serum and the NP antigen. The NP-ELISA enables rapid serological diagnosis in 1:20. Finally, the western blot test confirmed the 60kDa nucleoprotein band. Conclusion: The nucleoprotein which was purified by electroelution retained its antigenic property and it could be applied in diagnostic kits.
Rett syndrome: Novel correlations linking >96% genotype, disease severity, and seizures

BACKGROUND: Rett Syndrome (RTT), an incurable neurodevelopmental disorder associated in >96% with the X-linked gene, MECP2 includes seizures, among its most difficult issues, impacting many features and increasing morbidity and mortality. Linking these seizures with clinical severity in RTT is critical for estimating risk and guiding therapy. OBJECTIVE: Our primary purpose was to identify associations between type and frequency of seizures, disease severity, and specific MECP2 mutations to address the hypothesis that seizure frequency correlates with specific mutations and directly impacts clinical severity. METHODS: Mutation, seizure type and frequency, and clinical severity assessed by the Clinical Severity Scale (CSS) were extracted from the 5211 Natural History Study of Rett Syndrome and Related Disorders [1]. This involved observations from 222 Persons with classic or variant RTT and MECP2 mutation positive non-Rett diagnoses. Descriptive analyses were assessed utilizing SPSS software. Mutations include R106W, R133C, R168X, R294X, R306C, other point mutations, and early truncations. RESULTS: Greater frequency of generalized seizures and seizures of any type were associated with R106W mutations; R168X mutations had the highest disease severity, and R133C mutations had the lowest disease severity. CONCLUSION: Important correlations exist across several common MECP2 mutations, including the novel association between generalized seizure frequency and mild CSS.
The Impact of the Personal Data Disclosure's Tradeoff on the Trust and Attitude Loyalty in Mobile Banking Services

Abstract In the digital transformation era, mobile technology development has brought not only the benefits but the costs for the customer in the transaction via mobile devices. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between personal data disclosure's tradeoff, trust, and attitude loyalty in mobile banking services. The analysis result of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling confirmed the positive and negative impact of the perceived benefits and perceived costs on perceived value; and the positive relationship between perceived value, trust, and attitude loyalty in the mobile banking services context. Finally, some managerial implications were proposed.
Evaluation of inflammatory and hematological parameters in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

INTRODUCTION This study aims to research the effects of hematological and inflammatory parameters on the prognosis of COVID-19 disease and hospitalization duration. METHODOLOGY One hundred and eighty-six patients with COVID-19 and a control group consisting of 187 healthy individuals were included in the study. Hematological variables and inflammatory parameters of the patients were recorded on the first and the fifth days of hospitalization. RESULTS White blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and platelet count were statistically lower, and mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels were higher in the patient group compared to the control group. It was observed that the neutrophil count and MPV level were lower, and the platelet count and ferritin level were statistically higher on the fifth day of follow-up compared to the admission day. In contrast, there was a significantly positive correlation between the duration of hospitalization and the fifth day D-dimer (r = 0.546, p < 0.001) and ferritin (r = 0.568, p < 0.001); in addition, there was a negative correlation between the duration of hospitalization and admission day lymphocyte count and the fifth-day lymphocyte count. CONCLUSIONS Increased levels of ferritin and D-dimer, and decreased count of lymphocytes are among the important factors affecting the duration of hospitalization for COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we think that neutrophil count and MPV levels are low, and platelet count and ferritin levels are high during the disease. Therefore, these parameters can be used as prognostic indicators of the disease.
Determinants of sustainability for community based water projects: the case of Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani in coastal Kenya

Sustainability of development projects is considered essential for the continued delivery of services to beneficiary communities beyond external financing. However, various factors cause community projects to fail the sustainability test. This study investigated the determinants of sustainability for community-based water projects implemented through World Bank and Kenya Government financing known as Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani. Research was conducted using sustainability criteria comprising social, organizational, technical and financial aspects that were selected based on literature review and community perceptions. The research was conducted in Kenya’s coastal region using data collected from 285 respondents. Frequencies, means and percentages were used to describe data while the Structural Equation Modeling technique determined factors influencing sustainability. Results illustrated that all the four indicators assessed predict sustainability. However, only the technical and financial indicators influence sustainability significantly. In conclusion, while it is important to incorporate all the four indicators during planning and designing of community-based water projects, special attention must focus on financial and technical aspects. The study recommends that building the capacity of Community Based Organizations in terms of technical competence and financial resources to support operation and maintenance is a requirement, rather than a choice, for sustainability of community-based water projects.
Sugar beet quality and juice purity of some sugar beet varieties (Beta vulgaris L.) grown in Toshka region, Egypt as effected by harvesting ages and storage conditions

The present study was carried out during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons at Desert Agricultural Research Station, Toshka, Aswan governorate, Egypt to find out the optimum harvesting age (165, 180, 195, and 210 days) for five multi-germ sugar beet varieties namely Oscar, poly, Athospoly, Sarah, Ravel and Friancesca. Addition to study the effect of post-harvest treatments and storage period on quality characteristics of tested sugar beet varieties. The results showed that the Ravel variety with an age of 195 days recorded the highest increase values of sucrose (20.39 and 19.70 %) as well as lowest decrease values with the age of 210 days (18.39 and 17.07%) during two seasons, respectively. Delaying the harvest age of sugar beet from 165 up to 195 and 210 days caused the increase in TSS % of sugar beet juice. Francesca variety produced the highest values of sugar beet juice TSS (22.75 and 22.45 %) in both seasons. Treatment by 1% Ca (OH)2 recorded the higher value of sucrose content during storage (16.84 and 17.85%) in both seasons. Ravel variety surpassed the other varieties in beet quality (88.84 and 84.78%) and juice purity (94.35 and 92.61%) while, the Oscar poly variety had the lowest mean values (81.71and 80.05%) and (91.10 and 89.88%) at different harvest ages in the two seasons, respectively. The lowest value of sucrose loss in molasses was obtained from Ravel and Francesca than the other varieties by (1.56 and 1.84%) whereas the highest loss value was obtained from Oscar poly variety by (2.10 and 2.21%) at different harvest ages in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively.
The Evolving Nature of Information Systems Controls in Healthcare Organisations: The Case of a Blood Banking Enterprise System from Western Europe

Information Systems (IS) projects are found to be complex, unpredictable, and prone to time and cost overruns. Perhaps that is why organisations put a strong focus on IS controls during the planning and execution of such projects. IS control literature in the past has focussed on dyadic control relationships during an outsourced IS development project and relatively little is known about such controls during a complex enterprise systems project. Existing studies usually take a static view of IS controls and do not investigate how controls evolve during different phases of the system lifecycle, as well as across projects. This study presents a processual view of IS controls in the enterprise systems lifecycle in a national blood processing organisation. Traditional research in a blood banking context has focussed on optimising the process of blood collection, inventory management, and distribution with relatively limited attention to the implementation of the supporting information systems. This research focusses on the evolution of control based on a study of three enterprise system implementation projects in the case organisation. The study demonstrates that while all five control modes (input, outcome, behaviour, clan, and self-control) are applied across the phases of enterprise systems projects, the nature and extent of control mechanisms changes across the phases of the enterprise system lifecycle. The findings also suggest a teleological evolution of a project’s control portfolio in which the portfolio evolves based on adaptive learning processes from earlier projects. Finally, by exhibiting the influence of institutional and market context, this study also underlines the multi-stakeholder and contextual nature of enterprise systems implementation and associated controls in health service organisations.
Assessment of knowledge on functional values of edible insects in Peri urban communities of Ijebu Ode Local Government area, Ogun State Nigeria

This study examined the knowledge on functional value of edible insect in per urban communities of Ijebu Ode Local Government Area (LGA) in Ogun State. Sixty residents were selected through purposive sampling from 11 communities in the LGA. Primary data collected through administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics such as simple percentage and frequency count were used. Hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The results revealed that about half (48.3%) of the respondents were between 31-40 years. A larger percentage was male (61.7%) and Christian (61.7%). Majority (68%) was married and 63.3% possess tertiary education. About one third of the respondents (33.3%) were civil servants and 28.3% earn between ₦41,000-₦60,000. Cricket, termite, palm weevil, yam beetle, caterpillar, silkworm, and locust respectively were the identified indigenous species of insects being consumed by the people. Also, more of the respondents eat crickets followed by locust and then termites. The results further revealed respondents’ knowledge of functional values of edible insects’ consumption and constraints to edible insects’ consumption. The results of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation revealed that there is no significant relationship between respondent’s socio-economic characteristics’ and their edible insect consumption at p < 0.05. This study concludes that residents of peri urban communities have good knowledge of functional values of edible insects. It is therefore recommended that there should be more awareness on consumption of edible insects since it is nutritious so that people can benefit from the numerous nutrients of these edible insects. Key words: functional value, edible insect, Ijebu Ode, pearson product moment correlation
Strategic Decisions for Sustainable Management at Significant Tourist Sites

This research explores how tourist site management and human attitudes and behaviours can help decrease the pressure of tourism on the environment. Estimates show that, together with ancillary sectors, the tourism industry is expected to contribute approximately 6.5 gigatons of greenhouse gases by 2025. These emissions are primarily a result of tourists favouring air travel and luxury experiences that require more energy outputs. Additionally, tourism continues to grow and has become a routine activity for the middle class who travel more regularly on an annual basis. With growing middle classes in many developing countries, the number of tourists who will be able to afford recreational travel is estimated to increase exponentially. The pressures and demands of increasing tourist numbers can strain vulnerable natural sites. These predictions show that changes within the tourism industry fabric are necessary. Against this backdrop, this research employs a combined methodology. A survey methodology was employed to explore tourist attitudes towards tourism sites and their behaviours and decision making with a top-down and bottom-up approach. Additionally, an interview methodology of tourism field experts was employed to investigate the attitudes of the industry and how consumer behaviours may be influenced. Findings from the survey and interview discussions were employed to inform four managerial aspects. First, the ticket price of the tourist experience should be proportional to the value proposition of the experience. Second, a government-led framework could guide businesses towards sustainable management and educate their tourists on greener practices. Third, businesses could integrate sustainability issues into their marketing and advertising to create awareness and ensure the longevity of the site. Lastly, tourism bodies and businesses could increase their partnerships with local custodians to add cultural value and understand the visitor experience.
𝐶₂-equivariant and ℝ-motivic stable stems II

<p>We show that the stable homotopy groups of the <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper C 2"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">C_2</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-equivariant sphere spectrum and the <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-struck upper R"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbb {R}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-motivic sphere spectrum are isomorphic in a range. This result supersedes previous work of Dugger and the third author. </p>
Massive strandings of pleustonic Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalis) related to ENSO events along the southeastern Pacific Ocean

Blooms of stinging pelagic cnidarians have been causing increasing health problems for humans worldwide. Physalia physalis is among the worst stinging species in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans along the North and South American coasts. This siphonophore species has a large gas float and lives at the ocean surface, where its distribution is affected mainly by winds. P. physalis 's strandings were observed in the southeastern Pacific Ocean for three consecutive years (2014 to 2016). Data of stranded P. physalis were gathered daily through a collaborative effort between the Chilean Navy and the Chilean Ministry of Health. The association between oceanographic variables and the stranded P. physalis was assessed using a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) and cross-correlation analysis. The largest stranding occurred along more than 2600 km of coastline and totaled 44,683 colonies. Most of the strandings were along the central and south-central coast of Chile, where almost 200 people were stung, and more than 120 beaches were closed in summer 2016. The GAMM model showed that the oceanographic conditions of warmer temperatures during the winter periods and the weakening of the westerly winds associated with the Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were the most likely causes for the arrival of transport from the colonies to the coast. Also, our analysis illustrates the utility of collaborations among scientists and public organizations to promote large-scale and long-term understanding and provide a model for predicting this dangerous species' arrival and warning for beaches and swimmers, which is of global importance for human health.
Urban Waste Management and Potential Agricultural Use in South American Developing Countries: A Case Study of Chimborazo Region (Ecuador)

In South America, a high percentage of urban waste streams are not well managed, implying associated health and environmental risks. In Ecuador, around 2.7 million tons of municipal solid wastes (MSW) are generated annually, with 80 percent located in urban areas. Correct management and hygienic and ecological issues from these increased quantities of waste is the responsibility of municipalities that must provide sewerage, wastewater treatment, and solid waste management, according to the Constitution of the Republic (Art 264). With only seven licensed landfill areas out of thirty-one in total (66 percent mechanized and 34 percent manually sorted), a sustainable waste management model must be developed to reduce environmental hazards and also to obtain new bioproducts such as compost or fertilizers. Agricultural utilization of MSW compost is the most cost-effective management option compared to traditional means such as landfilling or incineration, and this option also enables the recycling of potential plant nutrients. In this work, the problem we addressed was to obtain analytical information about representative MSW samples from different origins and locations within the Chimborazo region in order to establish its potential for composting. In the studied MSW samples (which included sludge from aerobic wastewater treatment plants), high nutrient contents and low concentrations of heavy metals were observed, showing great potential to develop high-quality compost. In addition, improvement of separate collections of food market and/or municipal gardening wastes can provide specific clean waste streams of degradable materials to be managed separately from not separately collected MSW.
Factors affecting corporate environmental disclosure in emerging markets: The role of corporate governance structures

This study seeks to examine whether internal corporate governance (CG) mechanisms affect Corporate Environmental Disclosure (CED) in emerging economies. Using a sample of 500 firm-year observations, this study distinctively applies a linear panel quantile regression (PQR) model to examine the CG-CED nexus in Jordan. This technique is supplemented with conducting a two-step dynamic generalised method of moment (GMM) model to overcome any potential occurrence of endogeneity problems. This study reports an increasing trend in CED practice among the sampled companies over the period of analysis, yet it is still at an early stage as compared with their developed counterparts. Furthermore, this study suggests that board size, board independence, CEO-duality, and foreign ownership have positive associations with CED. In contrast, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and ownership concentration are negatively associated with the disclosed amount of environmental information in the Jordanian context. Theoretically, board structures appeared to be more efficient than ownership structures in reducing agency conflicts by addressing the asymmetric gap of information and promoting the disclosure of environmental information. These findings add to the debate about whether ownership structures detrimental to CED in developing economies. Specifically, when it comes to spending money on CED, owners seemed to be more concerned about any reductions in their ‘ share of the pie’ and may, therefore, be less motivated to disclose their companies’ environmental information. This paper provides managers, owners and policymakers with a set of context ‐ specific recommendations related to the crucial need for a more concerted effort to integrate governance and environmental regulations in order to ensure sustainability in emerging markets.
Optimizing Filtration Experiments for Length and Fractal Dimension Characterization of Non-Spherical Particles

By combination of a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) with a filter with uniform pores, namely a filter sensor, a new method for differentiating nanoparticles with various mass-mobility fractal dimensions, Dfm, was developed and validated experimentally and theoretically. The sensor is also able to measure the effective length (or maximum projected length) of nanoparticles with different shapes, which is an important parameter responsible for the lung deposition due to interception. At the same mobility diameter, it was observed that the compact NaCl had the highest penetration followed by partially sintered silver (Ag) aggregates and then the loose Ag and soot agglomerates. The result indicates that the stronger interception by the filter is correlated to the more elongated shape of the particles. A modified capillary tube model for predicting the penetration of Ag nanoparticles with different mass-mobility fractal dimensions was validated by experimental data. By using the validated model, this study found that the sensor could have a further enhanced sensitivity if the porosity and thickness of the filter were adjusted to 0.01 and 5 µm, respectively. The penetration differences obtained from the model are as high as 7–18%, 14–35%, and 24–40% between spheres and loose agglomerates (Dfm = 2.1) for 50–100, 100–300, and 300–1000 nm particles as the filter pore sizes are 0.4, 1, and 3 µm, respectively. This new filter sensor can measure the effective length and mass-mobility fractal dimension in nearly real-time and may be applied in nanotoxicity studies and quality control of nanomaterial productions (e.g., by flame reactors). Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research