Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Extent and Types of Hate Speech in Fringe Communities: A Case Study of Alt-Right Communities on 8chan, 4chan, and Reddit

Recent right-wing extremist terrorists were active in online fringe communities connected to the alt-right movement. Although these are commonly considered as distinctly hateful, racist, and misogynistic, the prevalence of hate speech in these communities has not been comprehensively investigated yet, particularly regarding more implicit and covert forms of hate. This study exploratively investigates the extent, nature, and clusters of different forms of hate speech in political fringe communities on Reddit, 4chan, and 8chan. To do so, a manual quantitative content analysis of user comments (N = 6,000) was combined with an automated topic modeling approach. The findings of the study not only show that hate is prevalent in all three communities (24% of comments contained explicit or implicit hate speech), but also provide insights into common types of hate speech expression, targets, and differences between the studied communities.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Toward Isolation Precautions Amongst Nurses and Auxiliary Nurses in Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran

Background: Understanding the factors influencing nurses’ compliance with infection prevention strategies can assist in reducing occupational infections. Objectives: We surveyed nurses and auxiliary nurses in Shiraz, Iran, to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) towards isolation precautions (IP). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. A five-part self-administered questionnaire was used, addressing demographics and infection prevention knowledge; nine items on KAP towards standard precautions, five items on droplet precautions, six items about airborne precautions, and eight items about contact precautions. The independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation were performed. Results: The mean score of practice was lower than that of knowledge and attitude in all IP domains. Droplet precautions acquired lower KAP scores than other domains. There were significant positive correlations between KAP scores in all IP domains in nurses (P < 0.001) and auxiliary nurses, except for the correlation between knowledge and practice in terms of standard precautions (P = 0.099). In nurses, age significantly correlated with knowledge towards airborne precautions (P < 0.001) and with attitude regarding droplet precautions (P = 0.003). Nurses had significantly higher scores regarding knowledge (P = 0.037) and attitude (P = 0.009) towards standard precautions than auxiliary nurses. The persons who had previous training sessions presented a higher score of the practice dimension for droplet (P = 0.001), airborne (P = 0.011), and contact (P = 0.004) precautions. Conclusions: This study revealed a gap in Nemazee hospital nurses’ KAP towards IPs. Those responsible for infection prevention and control programs in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences must address this poor practice of nurses towards patient safety.
Redefining the design objectives of large offshore wind turbine rotors

Wind turbine rotors are normally designed such that rotor power coefficient is maximized. Much of this methodology has been inherited from the aviation industry. This paper points out that designing machines for maximum rotor aerodynamic efficiency does not necessarily lead to a lower levelized cost of energy. The argument sits on the premise that levelized cost of energy is strongly influenced by machine capital expenditure (CAPEX) and annual energy production (AEP). We therefore assume that the true design objective is to minimize the CAPEX/AEP ratio. The basis of an alternative design path is presented, which centres on the minimization of total volume of structural material in the wind turbine. This is done whilst maintaining a given rated power. This alternative methodology requires the removal of conventional pre-set design variables and assumptions which relate to the maximization of rotor power coefficient. We examine how changing chord length, axial induction factor and aerofoil lift coefficient affect material volume in the blade. Following this, we use a custom-made blade element momentum programme to explore the relative CAPEX of machines with varying design axial induction factor and varying lift coefficient. This relative cost is calibrated to the 5 MW National Renewable Energy Laboratory offshore reference turbine. The effects on the rotor, drivetrain and tower are considered. For a 5 MW offshore machine, it is shown that an overall CAPEX/AEP reduction of over 2% can be achieved by using a low-induction rotor with blades possessing aerofoils operating at non-peak lift to drag ratios. This economy is delivered notwithstanding a 2.3% drop in design rotor power coefficient. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selecting a suitable procurement method for a building project

Building procurement has become a fashionable term with industry practitioners and researchers. It determines the overall framework and structure of responsibilities and authorities for participants within the building process. It is a key factor contributing to overall client satisfaction and project success. The selection of the most suitable procurement method consequently is critical for both clients and project participants, and is becoming an important and contemporary issue within the building industry. The problem, nevertheless, lies in the fact that there has been limited empirical research in this field of study. Postal questionnaire surveys of 41 clients and 35 consultants were carried out, and were used to obtain experience of and attitudes to a variety of procurement methods and the criteria used for selection. The findings indicate that a simple set of the criteria generally is adequate and sufficient for procurement path selection, and that there is a reasonable consensus on the appropriate weighting for each path. Moreover, it is shown that, contrary to expectations, similar clients generally do not have similar procurement needs.
Variety and contribution of different rheumatic diseases at rheumatology clinic of a general hospital

This study was designed to reveal the variety and contribution of different rheumatic diseases in a non-referral rheumatology outpatient clinic. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the data in medical records of all patients visited for the first time in the rheumatology clinic of a general hospital from the beginning of April 2016 to the end of March 2017 was gathered and evaluated for demographic characteristics, complaints, and diagnoses. A total of 2063 medical records were assessed. Among them, 2006 individuals were diagnosed with a rheumatologic disease. The mean age of patients was 48.72 ± 15.51, and females constituted 74.88% of patients. The distribution of diseases was as follows: 345 (17.20%) inflammatory, 1594 (79.46%) noninflammatory, and 67 (3.34%) both groups. The most common diagnosis was knee osteoarthritis (29.42%). Frequency distribution of other common diagnoses was in the following order: periarticular disease (15.53%), nonspecific generalized pain (8.75%), lumbar discopathy (6.24%), and rheumatoid arthritis (6.20%). The most frequent complaints were knee pain (30.96%), back pain (10.18%), and hand pain (9.35%). Among periarticular diseases, plantar fasciitis (17.27%), carpal tunnel syndrome (16.36%), and rotator cuff tendinitis (12.05%) were the most frequent disorders. More than half of the diseases included degenerative joint diseases, periarticular diseases, nonspecific musculoskeletal pain, and low back pain. The most prevalent diseases should be prioritized in the curriculum of medical education for undergraduate students. Proper policies for patient education, public health programs, and modified lifestyle may reduce morbidity among patients and costs forced upon healthcare providers and governments.
Process safety leadership: Becoming street smart on process safety

It is well known in business improvement circles that good management does not necessarily equal good leadership. This applies to process safety management (PSM) as well. Effectively leading the translation of PSM to action for all whom it affects takes several concurrent actions beyond what is written in PSM regulations. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2013
Interaction of Movement Difficulty due to the Misalignment Effect and Response Latency

In previous reports we measured and analyzed the Misalignment Effect Function, a function describing the decrement in human performance due to rotation between operators’ display and control axes. This prior work allowed us to determine difficulty-matched sets of rotations for a generalized 3D Fitts-like movement task. We consequently are now able to study the interaction of system latency and movement difficulty in a highly generalized way in a virtual telerobotic environment using wide variety of conditions and targets. Our targets are located on a spherical shell near our participants’ starting point in a high dynamic fidelity virtual environment. Analysis of participants’ ability to make movements to these targets has revealed a purely multiplicative interaction between control latency and task difficulty. Interestingly, we show that this the observed interaction supports work on Fitts’ Law by E.R. Hoffmann and that it depends upon accounting for an internal human processing latency of ~250 ms. Our data suggest that the interaction varies nonlinearly due to task difficulty in a manner consistent with Hoffmann’s results. We propose a descriptive equation to reflect the observed interaction that can be seen as a spatiotemporal generalization of Fitts’ Law. Our results provide a basis for generalizing latency requirements for reference tasks that may be varied in difficulty in a manner analogous to the Fitts’ Index of Difficulty.
EMPLOYING REINFORCEMENT LEARNING AND DATA REDUCTION METHODS IN ACTIVE NOISE CONTROL PROBLEM

The acoustic noise pollution is one of the serious troubles in the current industrialized life. However, traditional solutions based on noise absorption have many different applications, but these methods have low performance for low frequency noises. Active Noise Control (ANC) has been proposed to resolve this problem. In this research, active methods invoking Q-learning techniques were introduced to control acoustic disturbances. At first, a method was described to suppress periodic acoustic noise. Although this routine needs no dynamic information and has low computational burden, large amount of memory requirement was a big problem for it. Combining this method with some data reduction techniques; such as divide and conquer, state aggregation, function approximation and non-uniform coding; leads to some new methods with a considerable increase in the method performances. A novel Multi-Agent Active Noise Control formulation via the credit assignment approach was also proposed to remove multitonal acoustic noises. In this method, each agent was responsible for reducing the noise power of one single harmonic, while only the total noise power of the signals was known. Knowledge Evaluation Based Critic Assignment (KEBCA) idea with proper modification was used to divide this global reward to each agent. Applications of reinforcement learning based active noise control methods are not limited to periodic disturbances signals and some methods for wide band signals were also introduced. Altogether, in this thesis, 2 methods for cancelling of wide band acoustic noise signals and 11 methods for controlling of periodic acoustic noises were proposed and simulated and the results were compared with each other and some other standard methods, which all showed the overall effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
Structural Analysis of Historical Metal Bridges in Italy

In this paper different studies on the structural analysis, the fatigue assessment and the damage evaluation of metal bridges are reported. These work examples are related to a widespread amount of works conducted since the first of 2000 in the research area of bridge design and assessment. The most part of these researches are related to railway bridges and historical metal bridges, because of their particular vulnerability to damage decay during their life. The main research topics are presented and discussed.
Windows are less glaring when there is a preferred view

This study aims to investigate the effects of view content as related to landscape preference on the sensation of discomfort. The study began with an investigation of the effect of the presence of a view on discomfort glare. The experiment was carried out in a laboratory investigating real views with 32 students as subjects. Following this, the effects of four factors related to landscape preference were investigated: complexity, coherence, mystery, and legibility. This study was done in a laboratory using small projected images representing real scenes with 24 subjects. The last experiment aimed to see the effect of view complexity and mystery. This was carried out in a real school classroom using 32 Thai students as subjects. The result showed that there is an important effect from the presence of a view on discomfort glare. The findings also suggested several significant effects on the sensation of glare discomfort, for example, view mystery, and view complexity. Keywords: Discomfort glare; view; landscape preference; daylighting DOI: 10.4038/besl.v9i1-2.3064 Built - Environment - Sri Lanka - Vol. 09 - 10, Issue 01 - 02 : 2011 pp.45-55
On the degradation of InGaAsP/InP-based bulk lasers

Degradation of InGaAsP-InP-based buried-heterostructure bulk (BH-bulk) lasers has been studied by means of electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lasers with p/n as well as semi-insulating (SI) current-blocking layers were studied. The results show that moderate increases in the threshold current correlate well with formation of dark defects (DD's) (i.e., dark-line defects (DLD's) or dark-spot defects (DSD's), which cannot be distinguished in our case due to the narrowness of the laser stripe. ) The DD's were found to be caused by dislocation loops. The dependence of threshold current increase on the number of DD's is explained in terms of a model which includes effects due to the DD's, as well as changes in the regions outside the DD's. The latter is found to be responsible for the major part of the threshold current increase. Values for the ratio between the carrier lifetimes inside and outside the DD's are presented, for the first time. In our lasers, strong degradation differs from moderate degradation in that DD's do not form during aging. The presence of dislocation loops only at the sidewalls of the active stripe in lasers with p/n current-blocking layers points to the sidewalls as being critical. The near absence of dislocation loops and the smaller increase in threshold current in SI lasers which have degraded strongly, compared to the strongly degrading p/n lasers, suggest that strong degradation is a synergistic combination of damage in the sidewalls and Zn indiffusion from the current-blocking layers.
Overview of Health Workers' Knowledge of Pre-Eclampsia in Gowa Regency, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia: Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Maternal mortality caused by preeclampsia continues to increase compared to bleeding and infection. Objective: This study was to describe the level of knowledge of health workers about the prevention of pre-eclampsia. Method: Cross sectional study design conducted at 3 Primary health care Sombaopu, Samata, and Bajeng, from April to June 2019. A sample size of 51 people were nurses, midwives, and doctors in the antenatal care room. The research instrument used a questionnaire of 25 questions about understanding, causes, symptoms, and prevention of pre-eclampsia. Reliability test with Cronbach Alpha value of 0.756> 0.600 so that the instrument was declared reliable. Data analysis uses frequency distribution. Research ethic from the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar Number A.110 / KEPK / FKIK / V / 2019 with No. Registrar UINAM19050110. Conclusion: Health workers have a level of knowledge about preeclampsia (all aspects) that falls into the good category of 38 people (74.5% ), the aspect of understanding of preeclampsia, most health workers have a good level of knowledge found in 39 person (74.4%), the causes of preeclampsia most health professionals have a good level of knowledge with the number the smallest were 19 person (37.2%), the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia some health workers have a good level of knowledge as many as 43 people (84.3%), the prevention of preeclampsia, most health workers have a good level of knowledge about prevention as many as 49 people (96.01%). Conclusion: Knowledge of health workers both in terms of understanding, signs, and symptoms, and prevention in the good category unless the cause is in the sufficient category.
A Systematic Review of the Effect of Telepharmacy Services in the Community Pharmacy Setting on Care Quality and Patient Safety

Abstract:While community pharmacy-based telepharmacy services can expand medication access for underserved communities, the safety and quality of these services is uncertain. A systematic review was conducted in August 2020 exploring the effect of community pharmacy-based telepharmacy services on patient safety and care quality. Database searches identified 866 studies, of which six met the inclusion and the risk of bias measurement criteria. Medication dispensing errors, adherence, and patient satisfaction were the most frequently evaluated outcomes. Literature suggests no overall difference in medication safety and adherence, conflicting evidence on patient satisfaction, and insufficient evidence on inappropriate medication use in community pharmacy-based telepharmacies compared with traditional pharmacies. Due to the potential for high risk of bias, no definitive conclusions could be made about telepharmacy outcomes. Research with stronger study designs and more rigorous evaluation methodologies is needed to create conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of community pharmacy-based telepharmacy services.
Estimation of yield combining ability and fruit-related traits using diallel analysis in melon (cucumis melo L.)

The purpose of this study was to estimate heritability, general and specific combining ability and the relationship between traits. Investigated traits were fruit number per plant, total yield per plant, average fruit weight, flesh thickness, flesh firmness, seed cavity size, total soluble solid, fruit length in melon. A complete diallel design was conducted for this purpose five parental genotypes were crossed and the hybrids were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance of traits showed a significant differences between hybrids, therefore the first Griffing method was used to analyze the combining ability. The general combining ability effects were significant for all parents in the evaluated traits. The specific combining ability of yield per plant was higher than the general combining ability, which indicates the dominance and non-additive actions of genes. High narrow-sense heritability for yield per plant, flesh firmness and the number of fruit per plant (0.86, 0.72 and 0.70, respectively) indicated low environmental effect for these traits and the greater role of additive effects. The highest narrow-sense heritability was estimated for yield per plant (0.86). The role of non-additive effects of genes in controlling yield and flesh firmness traits was greater than additive effects. Therefore, the preparation of superior hybrids using breeding methods based on progeny tests will be effective in improving the mentioned traits in melon.
Analysis of train/turnout vertical interaction using a fast numerical model and validation of that model

A two-dimensional (2D) finite element model has been developed for simulation and analysis of train/turnout vertical dynamic interactions at a common crossing. The model has been validated through field measurements and simulation results obtained using a three-dimensional (3D) multi-body system (MBS) model. The dynamic behaviour of three turnouts on the Dutch railway network was simulated using the 2D model. The simulation results were compared with measured data collected from the instrumented crossings containing corresponding turnouts. It was observed that the values of the vertical acceleration of the crossing nose obtained from the simulations were in good agreement with the measured values. The 2D model was verified by adapting the more intricate 3D MBS model established in the VI-Rail software. The vertical geometry of the rail used in the 2D model was obtained using the wheel trajectory from the 3D model. It was observed that the dynamic wheel forces in the two models were close to one another. From these results it was concluded that the 2D model is able to simulate train/turnout interactions with a good accuracy and thus it can be used instead of complex time-consuming numerical simulations.
Millennial Investment Decision Analysis

In managing finances, each aims to be able to generate income for himself. Investment is one of the individual decisions to increase the assets owned by allocating a certain amount of funds, time, and assets that are considered to generate returns. Millennial investors are the government's main target through financial literacy education that the Financial Services Authority has promoted in encouraging an increase in stock investment by the public. However, many factors influence investors to invest, including the environment and the investor's personal experience. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the investment decisions of millennial private investors, including financial literacy, perceptions of risk and return, financial technology, family background, and income. The data taken for this study is primary data obtained through online questionnaires to people who are currently investing in the age range of 20-40. The number of samples of this study was 224 respondents through data collection using google form for two months. The research data were analyzed using SPSS 26 software. By using descriptive statistical data, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests such as autocorrelation, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity. The results showed that financial literacy, perceptions of risk and return, financial technology, family background, and income influence millennial investor investment decisions. The implication of this result shows that parents should start to provide basic investment knowledge to teenagers as soon as possible, and the firm can invest more in financial technologies to serve young customers.