Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the ICare rebound tonometer with goldmann applanation tonometer in refractive errors among patients attending tertiary eye centre in North East India

Objective: To measure intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with refractive errors and compare variations by means of ICare Rebound Tonometer (RT) and Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT) and to also study the impact of central corneal thickness (CCT) on IOP measurements by these techniques. Materials and Methods: A total of 182 eyes from 182 subjects were included in this prospective cross sectional study. They were grouped as emmetropia (n=101), hypermetropia (n=11), low myopia (n=43) and high myopia (n=27). Each group underwent IOP measurements first by RT followed by GAT. CCT was assessed by ultrasound pachymetry. Subject preference for the method of IOP measurement was also assessed. Results: In all four groups, RT detected higher IOP readings than the GAT, significantly more in high myopia (RT-GAT=1.61±2.88mmHg, p=0.002) and low myopia (RT-GAT=1.16±2.72mmHg, p=0.004) as compared to emmetropia (RT-GAT = 0.96±3.27mmHg, p=9.450) and hypermetropia (RTGAT= 0.23±3.38 mmHg, p=0.398). CCT also showed positive relationship with RT especially in hypermetropia and emmetropia, the overestimation of IOP by 4.63mmHg (p=0.225) and 4.28mmHg (p=0.001) respectively. On the other hand the GAT underestimates IOP in thicker cornea. 52.75% patients preferred GAT as a measuring tool to RT (43.96%). Conclusions: IOP measurements by RT are overestimated as compared to GAT in both low and high myopia. CCT also has a positive relationship on the IOP measurements by RT. The GAT is therefore still the gold standard for IOP measurement but we cannot rule out the RT as a useful screening tool especially when we want to consider screening patients in peripheral care centres. © 2019 Published by Innovative Publication. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Are Investors Warned by Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest? The Moderating Effect of Investment Horizon

Financial analysts are required to disclose conflicts of interest (COI) in their research reports, but there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of COI disclosures. We investigate whether the influence of disclosing COI in analyst reports on investors' decision making depends on investment horizon. Experimental results show that short-term investors who view a COI disclosure are significantly less willing to invest in the recommended stock compared to short-term investors who do not view such a disclosure, while the presence of a COI disclosure does not significantly affect long-term investors' willingness to invest. Results further demonstrate that the COI disclosure decreases short-term investors' willingness to invest by reducing their perception of analysts' trustworthiness and expertness. This study provides evidence on when and how the COI disclosure can influence investors' behavior and enhances our understanding of investors' reactions to cautionary disclaimers. Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Geotechnical Insights from Reliability-Based Design to Improve Partial Factor Design Methods

This paper presents insights obtained from reliability analysis and reliability-based design (RBD) for three geotechnical engineering examples, namely an underwater slope in San Francisco Bay mud that failed during excavation, a spread footing sustaining both vertical and horizontal loads, and laterally loaded piles in soil modelled with nonlinear and depth-dependent Matlock strain-softening p-y curves. The aim is to show how RBD via the first-order reliability method (FORM) can overcome some limitations of the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method and the Eurocode 7 (EC7) design method. The differences and similarities between the design point in RBD and those in LRFD and EC7 are discussed. The ability of RBD-via-FORM to provide valuable information at its design point and to automatically reflect parametric uncertainties, correlations, and case-specific sensitivities and to resolve subtle load-resistance duality is demonstrated. It is suggested that RBD-via-FORM can be conducted in tandem with partial factor design methods in order to overcome some limitations which sometimes arise in the latter.
Depositional Analysis of a Holocene Carbonate Strand Plain Using High Resolution GPR, Sediment Analysis, and C-14 Dating

Depositional Analysis of a Holocene Carbonate Strand Plain Using High Resolution GPR, Sediment Analysis, and C-14 Dating Kaleb Robert Markert Department of Geology, BYU Master of Science Understanding modern carbonate depositional systems gives valuable insights into the interpretation of ancient carbonate systems. Ancient carbonate strand plains have the potential to act as productive hydrocarbon reservoirs because of their relatively high porosity. Unfortunately, they are difficult to identify in the rock record because of the lack of work done on modern analogues. San Salvador Island in the Bahamas hosts a well-exposed and easily accessible Holocene strand plain, ideal as a modern analogue. Sandy Hook, located on the southeast part of the island, consists of approximately 35 ridge-swale features that show signs of four distinct zones of deposition. In this study, 20 sediment samples were collected from one meter in depth, and throughout each zone. The sediment analysis reveals remarkably consistent grain-size distributions across the four zones. Carbon-14 ages were taken from the sediment samples. They revealed ages decreasing from 2617 ± 188 YBP to modern moving seaward through zone 4. The ages reveal depositional rates of 0.08 to 0.29 meters of accretion per year. Four pseudo-3D GPR surveys were acquired in Zones B, C, and D, and a 2D GPR survey was acquired that spanned the three zones. The pseudo-3D surveys revealed consistent reflectors through the width of the survey indicating that the 2D surveys represent more than the single line. The 2D survey reveals semi-parallel seawarddipping reflectors (representing fair-weather deposits) that are truncated by sigmoidal seawarddipping reflectors (high-energy storm deposits). Indicating that Sandy Hook was built through both fair-weather deposits and high-energy storm events.
Plant functional traits associated with shoot flammability

Plant functional traits associated with shoot flammability by Md Azharul Alam Fire is a common natural disturbance in many parts of the world, which changes species composition and ecosystem processes, shaping many of the world’s biomes. Fire has been an important disturbance for hundreds of millions of years, since the origin of terrestrial plants. Several factors interact to determine fire behaviour, including the prevailing weather conditions, the topography of the landscape, and the fuels available for the fire to burn. The main fuels available to initiate and sustain wildfires are plants. Hence, to understand wildfire behaviour, it is essential to know how easily plants ignite and how well they burn; that is, we must be able to measure plant flammability. Flammability is a complex plant trait that is not easy to measure and which differs across different plant parts or components. Flammability studies conducted on small plant components in the laboratory may not reflect how a plant will burn in nature. Furthermore, flammability research lacks a standard way of quantifying plant flammability in the laboratory. In this thesis, I seek to help address these shortcomings and gain a better understanding of plant flammability, first by comparing the flammability measurements at two different plant components (leaves and shoots) in the laboratory. Next, I investigated the influence of leaf morphological, chemical, and fuel architectural traits on flammability. Finally, I examined the role of species mixtures in causing variation in flammability, by burning fuel mixtures consisting of species of varying levels of flammability. Comparing the flammability of fuels from different plant components (leafand shoot-level) (Chapter 2), I showed that flammability measurements between these fuels were uncorrelated and provided evidence that shoot flammability is likely to be better than leaf flammability at estimating the flammability of plants in the field, at least for canopy fuels. When investigating the relationship between leaf traits and shoot flammability using leaf-level morphological and chemical traits of 43 species collated from trait databases (Chapter 2), I demonstrated that leaf traits such as leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf thickness, leaf phenolics, and leaf lignin
Predictors of chemotherapy and its effects in early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of larynx is a common head and neck cancer. For cases that are node negative, the role of definitive concurrent chemoradiation is unclear and not supported by guidelines but used at provider discretion. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the oncological outcomes with additional chemotherapy and factors correlated with the chemotherapy administration.
Cardiovascular risk factors and hearing impairment: a non-automatic correlation

Abstract Background: In the literature the association between common cardiovascular risk factors and/or major events and inner ear diseases has been widely considered. Despite the controversial related results, a recent review underlines that while a direct and causal correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and hearing impairment is lacking, the former are thought to have an influence on hearing acuity: this should imply some correlation between arterial conditions and inner ear function. Aims: Aiming at verifying the reliability of the correlation between arterial conditions and inner ear function, the hearing function of a population with metabolic syndrome and a population without metabolic syndrome were matched. Methods: All the examined subjects were enrolled within the Brisighella Heart Study, in order to obtain a detailed knowledge of the cardiovascular and metabolic parameters. 142 subjects were enrolled, including 89 healthy subjects and 53 affected by metabolic syndrome, having ruled out those cases associated with external and/or middle ear pathologies, or unilateral sensorineural hearing loss or with a history of previous ototoxic drugs and ear surgery. Among the examined parameters was arterial stiffness, as evaluated by means of the Vicorder® device with a non-invasive procedure, which had not previously been considered in relation to labyrinthine function. Results: The lack of any statistically significant correlation between common cardiovascular risk factors and hearing deterioration, as emerged from the study, has a particular significance. Conclusions: The inference from this result is that the relationship between the systemic circulation and inner ear conditions must be more complex than frequently considered.
Privileges of Power: Authenticity, Representation and the “Problem” of Children’s Voices in Qualitative Health Research

The widespread privileging of children’s voices in recent times has triggered expansion of differing forms of qualitative enquiry that aim to “give children a voice. ” Engaging children in research and eliciting their voices on matters that affect them is often showcased as being a more “authentic” way to capture children’s lived realities and afford their agency. Yet, the uptake of voice in qualitative enquiry, and how it may contribute to the privileging of particular ways of knowing (some) children’s lives, is rarely interrogated. Drawing on examples from our own research, in this paper we critically reflect on the frequent invoking of the term voice in qualitative health research with children. In doing so, we challenge claims of authenticity by exposing the tricky epistemological tensions and relations of power that are embedded within the production and legitimation of particular voices as being “correct” ways of knowing about health—including the ways our research intentions and methods contribute to these processes. We reflect on the methodological and epistemological value of silences, dissenting voices and other modes of expression to highlight forms of resistance to adult-led health agendas. We conclude by illustrating how dominant relations of power are (re)produced within and across research spaces, and through the mobilizing or pathologizing of particular young voices through research. Possibilities for advancing ways to harness children’s preferred modes of expression in qualitative research are also considered.
Total-Ionizing-Dose Effects in InGaAs MOSFETs With High-k Gate Dielectrics and InP Substrates

The total-ionizing-dose (TID) response of indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) MOSFETs with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> gate dielectrics and several channel lengths is evaluated under different biases. DC static characteristics show large negative threshold voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> shifts and subthreshold stretchout (<italic>SS</italic>), indicating net positive charge trapping in the gate oxide and generation of the interface and border traps. Hysteresis and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {gs}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> measurements from cryogenic to high temperatures show the important role of defects in the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> gate dielectric to the TID response. Radiation-induced-hole trapping is attributed to oxygen vacancies in the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The relatively large hysteresis in these devices is attributed primarily to dangling Al bonds in the near-interfacial Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Analysis of the temperature dependence of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <italic>SS</italic> suggests that the rate at which electrons leave the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> during a positive-to-negative gate-bias sweep is higher than the rate at which they enter during a negative-to-positive gate-bias sweep.
Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in Bovine Environment with Respect to Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization: A Review

The genus Listeria is currently grouped into 17 species identified as Listeria monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, L. marthi, L. innocua, L. fleischmanni, L. aquatica, L. newyorkensis, L. rocurtiae, L. weihenstephanensis, L. grandensis, L. booriae, L. seeligeri, L. welshimeri, L. grayi, L. floridensis, L. comellensis and L. riparia. Listeria are small rod shaped and Gram positive bacteria. Out of 17 species, two species viz. L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii have been recognized as pathogenic. L. monocytogeneshas now recognized as a facultative intracellular pathogen, accountable for a number of foodborne human infections that lead to invasive disease of high fatality rate (25 to 30 %). Listeriosis is highly prevalent in human as well as in farm ruminants (sheep, cattle, goats). In USA, listeriosis ranks third among foodborne infections associated with mortality (Scallan et al., 2011).
Asymmetries in Risk Premia, Macroeconomic Uncertainty and Business Cycles

A large literature suggests that the expected equity risk premium is countercyclical. Using a variety of different measures for this risk premium, we document that it also exhibits growth asymmetry, i.e. the risk premium rises sharply in recessions and declines much more gradually during the following recoveries. We show that a model with recursive preferences, in which agents cannot perfectly observe the state of current productivity, can generate the observed asymmetry in the risk premium. Key for this result are endogenous fluctuations in uncertainty which induce procyclical variations in agent’s nowcast accuracy. In addition to matching moments of the risk premium, the model is also successful in generating the growth asymmetry in macroeconomic aggregates observed in the data, and in matching the cyclical relation between quantities and the risk premium.
The complete mitochondrial genome of a yellow-bellied sea snake (Hydrophis platurus) (Squamata, Elapidae)

Abstract In this study, we provide the first report of the complete mitochondrial genomic sequencing of a yellow-bellied sea snake (Hydrophis platurus) that has the broadest distribution range of all Squamata species. The mitogenome length was 18,101 bp and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 3 non-coding regions. The sequence presented could be very useful for further phylogenetic and evolutionary studies.
Influence of Family's Vegetable Cultivation on Prevalence of Anaemia among Adolescent Girls

Adolescence is one of the nutritional stress period of life. With profound growth of adolescence comes increased demands for energy, protein, minerals and vitamins. The adolescent's normal haemoglobin levels, according to Srilakshmi' are 11-13 per cent for girls and low heamoglobin level which is known as anemia, continues to be a major public health problem, particularly among females of reproductive age in developing countries. In India adolescents form about 21 per cent of the population.
Increased fronto-temporal connectivity by modified melody in real music

In real music, the original melody may appear intact, with little elaboration only, or significantly modified. Since a melody is most easily perceived in music, hearing significantly modified melody may change a brain connectivity. Mozart KV 265 is comprised of a theme with an original melody of “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star” and its significant variations. We studied whether effective connectivity changes with significantly modified melody, between bilateral inferior frontal gyri (IFGs) and Heschl’s gyri (HGs) using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Among the 12 connectivities, the connectivity from the left IFG to the right HG was consistently increased with significantly modified melody compared to the original melody in 2 separate sets of the same rhythmic pattern with different melody (p = 0.005 and 0.034, Bonferroni corrected). Our findings show that the modification of an original melody in a real music changes the brain connectivity.
Modelling of a Dual-Fuel-Mode Free-Jet Combustion System

The focus of this study is to design a combustion system able to sustain hypersonic flight at Mach 8. A Dual-Mode Free-Jet combustion chamber design, first tested in 2010 by NASA, is being adapted to run on hydrogen fuel instead of ethylene while addressing the excessive thermal heat load. This study is part of the FAME (Flight at Mach Eight) project, with the primary objective to design and analyse the engine configuration for a hypersonic commercial aircraft. This CFD analysis and validation study, the first to replicate this combustion chamber design, provides detailed instructions on the combustion system design. The analysis from this study can be used for future research to successfully reach a sustainable design and operation of a Dual-Mode Free-Jet combustion chamber. The 53% size reduction in the combustion system represents significant progress which encourages future research regarding in the design of combustion systems for hypersonic propulsion systems.
Transonic buffet control by means of upper Gurney flaps

This study investigates the possibility of controlling transonic buffet by means of a Gurney Flap with an upward deflection at the trailing edge of the airfoil (UGF). Different geometries and dimensions of UGFs have been studied for their impact on the buffet behaviour. The effectiveness of the UGFs has been tested experimentally with Schlieren and PIV in the transonic-supersonic wind tunnel of TU Delft at Ma=0.7, a=3.5. It is found that the best performing UGF is a straight UGF with a height of 1.5% or 2% of the chord. These UGFs allow the reduction of the energy associated with buffet. This result has been corroborated by a flow description of the phases of buffet, a spectral analysis and a POD approach. In addition, the straight UGFs resulted to be effective in a less developed buffet condition too.
Anxiety, depressiveness and irritability in parents of children treated surgically for congenital heart defects

Introduction: A diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children is a major psychological stress for their parents. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine parents’ emotional response to the surgery and changes to the intensity of parents’ negative emotions before and after the surgery. Material and method: The study included 65 parents (54 mothers and 11 fathers) of children treated at the Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, the Jagiellonian University in Cracow in 2010. We used a modified scale of HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to assess parents’ emotional reactions. It examines the level of anxiety, depression and aggression (irritability), according to Snaith and Zigmond which has been modified into the Polish version by Majkowicz, de Walden-Gałuszko and Chojnacka-Szawłowska. Results: A fear before the surgery was diagnosed among 51 (78.5%) parents, and 4 weeks after the surgery among 6 (9.2%) parents. The depression was diagnosed among 22 (33.8%) parents before the surgery, and only one mother (1.5%) had it after leaving the hospital. The increased irritability (aggression scale) was observed among 28 (43%) parents, and 9 (13.8%) parents had elevated levels of aggression after hospital discharge. Conclusions: The diagnosis of congenital heart disease is taking its toll on the functioning of families of children undergoing operation, despite the withdrawal symptoms of stress associated with the surgery. It is reasonable to support psycho-
Correlation of Students’ Self-efficacy, Adaptability and Entrepreneurial Intention

The current study is an investigation of the correlation between students’ Self-efficacy, adaptability and Entrepreneurial Intention. For appropriate results and understand the phenomena; a descriptive research method was used. Previous entrepreneurial aptitude scale of the author was used for data collection from seven universities of Punjab and Islamabad territory of Pakistan. 3rd and 4th semesters’ students (MBA and M.Sc Economics) and 7th and 8th semesters’ students (BBA honor and BS Economics) of management science and economics departments were selected. Total 560 questionnaires were randomly distributed in respondents out of which 493 were returned with in scheduled period. Data examined by the Factor analysis, T-test, ANOVA, correlation tests in SPSS-20. Results revealed that students’ SE, adaptability and EI are highly correlated with each- others.