Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Residual Effect of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)-Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cropping system

Micronutrients are just as important in plant nutrition as the major nutrients. Plants grown on micronutrient-deficient soils can exhibit similar reductions in plant growth and yield as major nutrients. An investigation was carried out to study the residual effect of zinc and boron applied for transplanted rice on french bean, during rabi 2007-08 at Sagara taluk, Shimoga district, Karnataka state. This study included seven treatments with three replications. Application of RDF+ Zinc (Zinc sulphate) at 18 Kg ha -1 + boron (boric acid) at 4 Kg ha -1 brought about significantly the highest residual impact on growth(plant height, number of leaves per plant,branches per plant ) and yield(number of pods per plant, pod length, pod yield per plant, pod yield ha -1 )of French bean and on par with application of RDF+ Zinc (Zinc sulphate) at 12 kg ha -1 + boron (boric acid) at 4 kg ha -1 as compared to other treatments.
Biochemical Basis of Systemic Acquired Resistance Induced by Different SAR Elicitors against Late Blight of Potato

Phytophthora infestans is an oomycete that causes a serious potato disease known as late blight of potato. The present study was conducted to reduce fungicide load and work out alternate method for control of this disease. Different SAR compounds were tested and exogenous foliar sprays of different conc. of Salicylic acid, Jasmonic acid and Bion (Benzothiadiazole-BTH) @ 50μM, 250μM, 500μM, 1000μM and of βamino butyric acid of 20 mM, 30mM, 50 mM, 100mM were given for inducing resistance in potato against late blight disease. Concentration of Salicylic acid, Jasmonic acid and Bion @ 500 μM, and βamino butyric acid @ 50 mM gave best control of disease among all tested concentrations. Protein content of treated potato plant varied from 4.3 to 8.1 mg/g fresh weight compared to 3.2 mg/g fresh weight in control. Induction of proteins and defense enzymes was systemic in nature in response to all the four elicitors. The inducers also stimulated the activities of pathogenesis related proteins (Prproteins) i.e. β-1,3 glucanase, Peroxidase (POD), and defense related proteins i.e. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) from 26 to 99 % indicating induced resistance in treated potato plants as compared to control. Electrophoretic protein profiling of treated potato plants also confirmed the induction of pathogenesis-related proteins ranging from 1575 kDa along with some other proteins. Total chlorophyll and carotenoids also showed spike of 1% to 137 % in response to elicitors. Salicylic acid gave best results with 82.6 % disease control followed by Jasmonic acid with 79.2%; whereas Bion and Βeta amino butyric acid were almost at par with each other and gave 75 % disease control as compared to control plants. Thus integration of disease tolerance and salicylic acid spray resulted in effective and eco-friendly control of late blight of potato.
Uncovering species boundaries in the Neotropical ant complex Ectatomma ruidum (Ectatomminae) under the presence of nuclear mitochondrial paralogues

Nuclear mitochondrial (mt) paralogues (numts) are non-functional fragments of mtDNA integrated into the nuclear genome that can overestimate the number of species in analyses based on mtDNA sequences. As numts have relatively slow mutation rates, they can pass undetected by conventional procedures such as inspecting for internal stop codons, indels or apparent polymorphism in chromatograms. Species boundaries based on mtDNA markers therefore require a thorough assessment of numts, especially in insects, where this phenomenon appears to be relatively frequent. Ectatomma ruidum is a widely distributed Neotropical ant species that is distributed from northern Mexico to northern Brazil. Previous behavioural and molecular evidence suggests that this species actually represents a composite taxon. Here we assessed the species boundaries in E. ruidum based on two mt (COI, cyt b) and one nuclear (H3) marker, as well as on external morphology. Ancient and recent mt paralogues were detected in several specimens, although pre-PCR dilution of DNA template helped to recover most of the mt orthologues. Based on the congruence found between our species delineation obtained from the mt genealogies and the discriminated morphospecies, we propose that E. ruidum is actually composed of at least three species. Two of these species have a wide geographical distribution in the Neotropics, whereas the remaining one was restricted to localities situated near the Pacific coast in south-east Mexico. We also found extensive intra- and interspecific variation in the barcoding locus. Moreover, the nuclear evidence suggests the existence of hybrids between two of these species in Oaxaca, south-east Mexico. This study agrees with previous studies of other closely related animal taxa, which have revealed a complex evolutionary history and overlooked species diversity in the latter region.
Analysis of Brazil’s presidential election via Bayesian spatial quantile regression

We show an extension of Bayesian quantile regression models when the response variable is reported as a proportion and spatial correlation is present. We are specially interested in the data of the last presidential election in Brazil, which was decided by 2% of the valid votes, approximately. Current literature on the subject focuses only on the conditional mean of the proportion of votes and its association with other variables. Being so, we use quantile regression models to show how some sociodemographic variables are associated with different quantiles of the distribution of votes in this close election, while considering the spatial correlation present in the data.
Effect of drip irrigation and fertigation levels on soil moisture content, relative leaf water content and water use efficiency of potato

Drip irrigation and fertigation offers a vast potential for efficient use of water and nutrients in sustainable agricultural management. The study was conducted at experimental farm of CSK HPKV, Palampur. Ten treatments comprised three drip irrigation levels viz., 0.4 PE, 0.6 PE and 0.8 PE corresponding to 40, 60 and 80 per cent of cumulative pan evaporation, respectively, three fertigation levels viz., 50 % RDF, 75 % RDF and 100% RDF equivalent to 50, 75 and 100 per cent of recommended dose of NPK, respectively and RP i.e. recommended practice (recommended dose of fertilizers was applied through conventional methods and 6 flood irrigations of 50 mm each). The results revealed that soil moisture and relative leaf water contents (RLWC) were higher at 0.8 PE in comparison to 0.4 PE whereas water use efficiency (WUE) was highest at irrigation level of 0.4 PE followed by 0.6 PE and minimum at irrigation level of 0.8 PE. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) decreased with increase in irrigation levels whereas fertigation levels increased it. The IWUE was significantly lower under the recommended practice (about 82 per cent lower in comparison to overall mean of the other treatments).
EFFICACY OF SUNFLOWER RESIDUES AND HERBICIDES IN CONTROLLING WEEDS IN TRANSPLANTED RICE

The experiment was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh from July 2018 to November 2018 to find out the effect of sunflower residues and herbicides on weed control and yield of T. Aman rice. Weed control methods tested were T 1 = weedy check,T 2 = Weed free check, T 3 = Pendimethalin,T 4 = Pretilachlor,T 5 = Butachlor,T 6 = Pyrazosulfuron ethyl,T 7 = Bensulfuron methyl + Acetachlor,T 8 = Bispyriback sodium,T 9 =2,4-D amine,T 10 =MCPA,T 11 = Sunflower residues ,T 12 = Sunflower residues + 100%Pyrazosulfuron ethyl,T 13 = Sunflower residues + 75%Pyrazosulfuron ethyl,T 14 = Sunflower residues + 50%Pyrazosulfuron ethyl. The weed spectrum of the experimental field consisted of all the three groups of weeds viz., grasses (15.78%), sedges (59.02%) and broad-leaved weeds (25.2%). The dominants weeds were Cynodon dactylon and Echinochloa crusgalli among grasses; Cyperus difformis , Fimbristylis miliacea and Scirpus supinus among sedges and Jussiaea decurrens among broad-leaved weeds. Hand weeding recorded the highest weed control efficiency (99.05%) and weedy check recorded the lowest. Among different herbicides applied alone, butachlor had the highest weed control efficiency (87.59%). Hand weeding produced the highest grain yield (5.14 t ha -1 ) which was statistically similar to butachlor, pendimethalin, pretilachlor, bensulfuron methyl + acetachlor and sunflower residues + 100% pyrazosulfuronethyl. Application of sunflower residues along with the reduced rate (75 or 50%) of pyrazosulfuron ethyl had effective weed control and satisfactory yield comparable to butachlor. The farmers can use this technology as an eco-friendly approach in transplanted Aman rice field.
Evaluation of silicon and gypsum amendments on growth and yield of rice in an alkali soil

A pot culture experiment was conducted in order to check the effect of silicon (Si) and gypsum on growth and yield of rice in an alkali soil. The Si sources used were rice hull ash (RHA), diatomite (DE) and calcium silicate. These Si sources were applied in two graded levels viz., Si @ 125 and 250 kg ha. Gypsum was applied based on the gypsum requirement of the soil. Combined application of Si and gypsum proved to be effective in improving the growth and yield attributes of rice than the sole application of Si. Regardless of the dosage, the combination of Si as DE and RHA performed well with gypsum than CaSiO3 with gypsum which might be due to the differential reactivity of these silica materials with gypsum and with soil. Rice yield was significantly higher with the application of DE @ 250 kg Si ha + gypsum @ 100% GR. Both concentration and uptake of Si also differed with regards to combinations of different Si sources with gypsum. Grain Si content uptake was significantly higher with the combined application of DE @ 250 kg Si ha with gypsum @ 100% GR. On the contrary, significantly higher straw Si content and uptake was observed with the combination of RHA @ 250 kg Si ha + gypsum @ 100% GR.
Effects of pretreatments and drying methods on nutritional and sensory quality of raisin

A study with three drying methods i.e., cabinet tray dryer, solar tunnel dryer and open sun drying methods with four pretreatments such as, ethyl oil and K2CO3, olive oil and K2CO3 and hot water blanching was undertaken to evaluate the effects of pretreatment and drying methods on nutritional quality and sensory attributes of raisins. Moisture content of grapes variety of Thompson seedless was reduced bellow 16 per cent. Raisins pretreated with ethyl oleate oil 1.5 per cent + K2CO3 3 per cent and dried in cabinet tray dryer had least non-enzymatic browning (0.049), highest carbohydrate (79.42 g 100 g-1), minimum titratable acidity (1.80%) and crud fiber (1.11 g 100 g-1) but, highest non-enzymatic browning, lover nutritional value and low sensory scores recorded for sun dried raisins without dipping pretreatment.
Restoring the epigenetically silenced PCK2 suppresses renal cell carcinoma progression and increases sensitivity to sunitinib by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress

Rationale: Tumors have significant abnormalities in various biological properties. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), metabolic abnormalities are characteristic biological dysfunction that cannot be ignored. Despite this, many aspects of this dysfunction have not been fully explained. The purpose of this study was to reveal a new mechanism of metabolic and energy-related biological abnormalities in RCC. Methods: Molecular screening and bioinformatics analysis were performed in RCC based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Regulated pathways were investigated by qRT-PCR, immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry. A series of functional analyses was performed in cell lines and xenograft models. Results: By screening the biological abnormality core dataset-mitochondria-related dataset and the metabolic abnormality core dataset-energy metabolism-related dataset in public RCC databases, PCK2 was found to be differentially expressed in RCC compared with normal tissue. Further analysis by the TCGA database showed that PCK2 was significantly downregulated in RCC and predicted a poor prognosis. Through additional studies, it was found that a low expression of PCK2 in RCC was caused by methylation of its promoter region. Restoration of PCK2 expression in RCC cells repressed tumor progression and increased their sensitivity to sunitinib. Finally, mechanistic investigations indicated that PCK2 mediated the above processes by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Conclusions: Collectively, our results identify a specific mechanism by which PCK2 suppresses the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and increases sensitivity to sunitinib by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress. This finding provides a new biomarker for RCC as well as novel targets and strategies for the treatment of RCC.
One Function, Multiple Origins

From the Laboratory of Cell Biophysics,* École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan; the Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; and the Department of Immunology and Pathology, C.M. U. , University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
TRATAMENTO QUÍMICO E NATURAL SOBRE A QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E SANITÁRIA EM SEMENTES DE FEIJÃO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ARMAZENADAS CHEMICAL AND NATURAL TREATMENT UNDER THE PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY AND MICROFLORA OF SEEDS OF BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) STORAGE

Sementes de feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) produzidas pela Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuaria da Paraiba S/A (EMEPA-PB) no municipio de Sao Bento, foram tratadas com extrato de cravo da India (Caryophyllus aromaticus) nas concentracoes 1, 5 e 10 %, Captan e Captan + oleo de dende (Elaeis guanensis L.) sendo acondicionadas em dois tipos de embalagens e mantidas em armazenamento por seis meses, em condicoes ambientais. Antes do armazenamento e a cada tres meses foram obtidas amostras para avaliacao da qualidade das sementes pelo teste padrao de germinacao, primeira contagem de germinacao, indice de velocidade de germinacao, teor de umidade e sanidade (microflora). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repeticoes, seguindo esquema fatorial (6 tratamentos x 2 embalagens x 2 periodos de armazenamento). As sementes acondicionadas em embalagens metalicas foram, predominantemente, nas amostras analisadas, superiores as acondicionadas em sacos de algodao. Nas sementes tratadas com cravo da India a 10%, nao foi verificado o desenvolvimento de Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp e Macrophomina phaseolina, porem este produto, nesta concentracao, reduziu o indice de velocidade de germinacao. Os produtos utilizados reduziram a ocorrencia de fungos durante o armazenamento.
Marriage Market and Labor Market Sorting

We develop a new equilibrium model in which households’ labor supply choices form the link between sorting on the marriage market and sorting on the labor market. We first show that in theory, the nature of home production—whether partners’ hours are complements or substitutes—shapes equilibrium labor supply as well as marriage and labor market sorting. We then estimate our model using German data to empirically assess the nature of home production, and find that spouses’ home hours are complements. We investigate to what extent complementarity in home hours drives sorting and inequality. We find that home production complementarity strengthens positive marriage sorting and reduces the gender gap in hours and in labor sorting. This puts significant downward pressure on the gender wage gap and on within-household income inequality, but fuels between-household inequality. Our estimated model sheds new light on the sources of inequality in today's Germany, and—by identifying important shifts in home production technology toward more complementarity—on the evolution of inequality over time.
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Reflects Myocardial Inhomogeneities in Hemodialyzed Patients

Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death in chronically hemodialyzed (HD) patients. In this group, inflammation exerts significant impact on the prevalence of CVD morbidity and mortality. Spatial QRS-T angle is an independent and strong predictor of CV events, including sudden cardiac death (SCD), both in general population and HD patients. Pathogenesis of widened QRS-T angle is complicated and is not well established. Objectives The study is aimed at evaluating whether inflammation process can contribute to the wide QRS-T angle. Patients and Methods. The retrospective study was performed on 183 HD patients. The control group consisted of 38 patients. Demographic, biochemical, vectorcardiographic, and echocardiographic data were evaluated in all patients. Inflammation process was expressed as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as well as C-reactive protein (CRP). Results Both NLR (3.40 vs. 1.95 (p < 0.0001)) and spatial QRS-T angle (50.76 vs. 93.56 (p < 0.001)) were higher in the examined group, compared to the control group. Similarly, CRP was higher in the examined group than in the control group (8.35 vs. 4.06 (p < 0.001), respectively). The QRS-T angle correlated with NLR, CRP, some structural echocardiographic parameters, parathormone (PTH), and calcium (Ca) concentrations. Multiple regression analysis showed that NLR is an independent QRS-T angle predictor (r = 0.498, p = 0.0027). The ROC curve analysis indicated the cut-off point of NLR equaled 4.59, where the sensitivity and specificity were the highest for predicting myocardial inhomogeneities expressed as widened QRS-T angle. Conclusion The NLR, as an inflammation marker, may indicate myocardial inhomogeneities in HD patients.
Enhanced NRC-LD for Improving TCP Performance over Wireless Network

Internet performance is affected by Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance degradation in wireless network due to packet loss in transmission. The existing TCP variants misinterpret this loss to congestion and invokes congestion control . This paper presents TCP variants and Enhanced TCP variants with Loss Differentiation algorithms to differentiate congestion loss from wireless link loss. The proposed Newton Raphson Congestion Control with Loss Discrimation (NRC-LD) is a modification of the congestion control mechanism at the sender. TCP sender computes actual sending rate and flight size. If the current actual sending rate is less than flight size, congestion loss Else, wireless loss and retransmits the lost packet without reducing congestion window. The TCP NRC-LD is compared with many TCP versions to analyze its performance using NS2. The proposed scheme provides better performance based on network criteria.
ACTIVE DRAG REDUCTION IN HYDROCARBON MEDIA USING ROTATING DISK APPARATUS

A high precision rotating disk apparatus (RDA) is designed and employed to investigate the turbulent drag reduction characterization induced by polymeric additives. For the past few decades, polymers have been used widely as drag reducer agents in a pipeline and RDA successfully due to its viscoelastic properties that can suppress the turbulent at high ranges of Reynolds number. In this study, drag reduction efficacy of diesel fuel in a rotating disk apparatus is investigated using high molecular weight polyisobutylene polymer as drag reducing agent. Dependence of drag reduction on different parameters such as: polymer concentration and rotational disk speed (RPM) are also investigated. In addition, the mechanical stability of this polymer with time was studied by measuring torque values for 300 sec at a fixed rotational speed (2000 rpm). It was observed that the drag reduction of diesel fuel increases withthe rotational disk speed and polymer concentration till a critical concentration at which the maximum drag reduction achieved. The maximum DR obtained was about 19.197% at Re = 902062 and PIB concentration of 150 ppm.
Physicochemical properties of reduced fat, low calorie and protein rich ice cream

In recent years consumers are directed their interest toward lowering fat and calorie content in food products and producing the healthier and therapeutic food products. In the present study Reduced fat, low calorie and protein rich Ice Cream was prepared by using soy protein isolates, inulin and stevia extract powder. The chemical and physical properties of Ice Cream samples were analyzed including fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash, moisture, total solid, titratable acidity, pH, overrun, viscosity, calorie value and melting rate. All chemical and physical properties of optimized Ice Cream was found significantly (P < 0.05) different from the control sample except pH.
Analysis of pomological traits amongst Jamun genotypes in scrub forests of Jhalawar district

The local jamun biodiversity appears a good opportunity to sustain and maintain agriculture and to support economy in the marginal zone of plateau area having rocky terrains of Jhalawar district. The genetic diversity of jamun is little known in the forest zone of rocky terrains of Jhalawar district in South Eastern Rajasthan state of India. The main objective under present study was to improve the knowledge of polymorphism of jamun (Syzigium cuminii Skeels.) in the meagerly explored Jhalawar district forest areas by investigating the ontogeny studies, quantitative and qualitative parameters. Ten selected sites were investigated through field measurement for qualitative and quantitative traits mainly from wild habitats. The qualitative and quantitative analysis on fresh jamun fruits were carried out on ten genotypes collected from the natural habitat particularly forest area of Jhalawar district. The present investigations revealed high variability for all the recorded traits confirmed by a wide polymorphism. The most promising genotype in terms of fruit morpho-quality traits were observed in T2 genotype with respect to fruit weight (10.45g), fruit length (3.22 cm), total soluble solids (20.420brix), total sugars content (15.90%), antioxidant capacity (97.01%) and also to the good ascorbic acid content (45.95 mg/100g) and best taste in terms of organoleptic evaluation with highest score (8.80) with respect to edible acceptance at horticultural maturity supports the T2 genotype better as compared with other genotypes. The results showed a possible important role of jamun fruits due to the high antioxidant value and ascorbic acid content with potential outcome in the Jhalawar district. Looking to the scope of Jamun, farmers would invest in the development of new orchards, addressed to local markets by targeting food nutrition security of the marginal area. The present study demonstrates the ethno-botanical significance of jamun biodiversity for further expansion in the South Eastern districts of Rajasthan comprising Jhalawar, Bundi, Baran, Kota and Sawai Madhopur districts.