Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paleoecologic and Organic Geochemical Assessment of Cretaceous Hydrocarbon Source Rocks in the Gulf of Guinea: New Insights from Eastern Dahomey and Benue Rift Basins with Implications for the Cenomanian-Coniacian Petroleum System, #50722 (2012)

Black shales of the Afowo and Eze-Aku Formation (CenomanianTuronian) in the Dahomey and Lower Benue Basins respectively contain a large abundance of planktonic foraminifera e.g. Rotalipora greenhornesis, Hedbergella delyioensis, Heterohelix moremani, Heterohelix cenomana, Heterohelix globulosa, Hedbergella planispira, Whiteinella inonata, Praeglobotruncana sp. (? ) and no significant benthic foraminifera. This assemblage was deposited under a deepwater, euxinic environment of the neritic to upper bathyal probably not deeper than 250 m. Paleogeographic interpretations indicate a northeasterly shoaling of marine conditions characterized by the dominance of benthic foraminifera e.g. Ammobaculites sp. , Ammotium sp. , Lenticulina sp. and Bolivina sp. in the time equivalent shales of the Yolde Formation (Upper Benue Basin).
The Shift from Causation to Effectuation for International Entrepreneurs: Attitudes and Attitude Change versus Social Representations

This study aims to investigate attitudes and changes of attitude towards the decision-making logic of effectuation and causation of international entrepreneurs through traditional linear models of attitude change and non-linear through the framework of the theory of social representations. The study seeks to explain how and why international entrepreneurs shift from adopting causal logic to effectual logic when they gain more experience. This is a qualitative study based on ten interviews, which were organised using a convenience sample of international entrepreneurs who had studied business. Five of the entrepreneurs were women and the other five men. The study reveals that a shift of decision-making logic occurs mainly through high-effort processes after the entrepreneurial debut, and during the study period, attitudes towards a specific decision-making logic were formed mainly through low-effort processes. International entrepreneurs, during their education, and in their initial steps into the world of entrepreneurship following their tertiary education, have adopted causal logic, but later, due to their gained experiences, have more frequently implemented effectuation logic.
Skew-t Expected Information Matrix Evaluation and Use for Standard Error Calculations

Skew-t distributions derived from skew-normal distributions, as developed by Azzalini and several co-workers, are popular because of their theoretical foundation and the availability of computational methods in the R package sn. One difficulty with this skew-t family is that the elements of the expected information matrix do not have closed form analytic formulas. Thus, we developed a numerical integration method of computing the expected information matrix in the R package skewtInfo. The accuracy of our expected information matrix calculation method was confirmed by comparing the result with that obtained using an observed information matrix for a very large sample size. A Monte Carlo study to evaluate the accuracy of the standard errors obtained with our expected information matrix calculation method, for the case of three realistic skew-t parameter vectors, indicates that use of the expected information matrix results in standard errors as accurate as, and sometimes a little more accurate than, use of an observed information matrix.
odeling of the long-term effect of tree species (Norway pruce and European beech) on soil acidification in he Ore Mountains

The MAGIC model was applied to estimate soil and soil water (−90 cm) chemistry between 1854 and 2094 at two experimental stands (Načetı́n, Ore Mountains), one covered by a Norway spruce monoculture and the other by a natural European beech forest. The primary aims were to evaluate the influence of tree species on long-term acidification and to predict future development under different forest management scenarios. Depletion of base cations from the soils, caused by high acidic deposition, resulted in low base saturations of 8.2% at the spruce stand and of 6.4% at the beech stand in 2003. The concentration of aluminum in soil water was 135 mol l−1 and pH 4.32 at the spruce stand, and 70 mol l−1 and pH 4.4 at the beech stand, respectively, in 2005. During the peak of acidification in the mid 1980s, modeled aluminum concentrations contributed 70% to neutralizing acidity at the spruce stand, and 55% at the beech stand. In addition, SO4 concentration was significantly higher at the spruce stand (525 equiv. l−1) compared to the beech stand (330 equiv. l−1) as a result of higher dry deposition onto the spruce canopy. The enhanced leaching of base cations was comparable at both stands (191 equiv. l−1 at the spruce stand and 215 equiv. l−1 at the beech stand). The higher deposition of base cations onto the spruce canopy was able to partially mitigate the effect of high leaching. The model results suggest that future recovery of soil water will be significantly better at the beech stand (higher pH, ANC, Bc/Al ratio and lower SO42− and Al concentrations). Interestingly, modeled soil base saturation for 2094 will be lower at the beech stand. Alternative scenarios such as clear-cutting and new re-forestation resulted in more favorable soil chemistry for the beech plantations compared to the spruce. The best regeneration of the soil environment is predicted for the scenario with an absence of forest. This suggests, that future soil recovery from acidification will be delayed by the removal of base cations through
Four Decades of Progress in Monitoring and Modeling of Processes in the Soil-Plant- Atmosphere System: Applications and Challenges Real time drought forecasting system for irrigation management

In recent years frequent periods of water scarcity have enhanced the need to use water more carefully, even in European areas traditionally rich of water such as the Po Valley in northern Italy. In dry periods the problem of water shortage can be enhanced by conflictual use of water such as irrigation, industrial and power production (hydroelectric and thermoelectric). Further, over the last decade the social perspective on this issue is increasing due to possible impacts of climate change and global warming scenarios which come out from the last IPCC Report. The increased frequency of drought periods has stimulated the improvement of irrigation and water management. In this study we show the development and implementation of the real-time drought forecasting system Pre.G. I. , an Italian acronym that stands for “Hydro-Meteorological forecast for irrigation management”. The system is based on ensemble prediction at long range (30 days) with hydrological simulation of water balance to forecast the soil water content in field parcels over the Consorzio Muzza basin. The studied area covers 74,000 ha in the middle of the Po Valley, near the city of Lodi. The hydrological ensemble forecasts are based on 20 meteorological members of the non-hydrostatic WRF-ARW model with 30 days as lead-time, provided by Epson Meteo Centre, while the hydrological model used to generate soil moisture simulations is the rainfall-runoff distributed FEST-WB model, developed at Politecnico di Milano. The hydrological model was validated against measurements of latent heat flux and soil moisture acquired by an eddy-covariance station. Reliability of the forecasting system and its benefits was assessed on some cases-study occurred in the growing season of 2012. * Corresponding author. E-mail address:alessandro.ceppi@mail.polimi. it Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. 777 A. Ceppi et al. / Procedia Environmental Sciences 19 ( 2013 ) 776 – 784 © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the conference.
EVALUATION OF MATERNAL FACTORS ON INFANT’S BIRTH SIZE USING CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS IN OSOGBO, OSUN STATE

The size of an infant at birth is a major factor in determining its survival, physical and mental growth. Maternal factors also go a long way in predicting the eventual birth weight of an infant. This study investigated the association between birth measurements and maternal factors in predicting the birth size of infants in Osogbo, Osun State using canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Five dependent variables were considered from the infant (weight, head circumference, chest circumference, length and mid-upper arm circumference) and five independent variables from the mother (living standard index, preterm delivery, age at enrollment, parity, early pregnancy and number of Antenatal care visits) as well as sex of the infant. Data on mother and infants were collected from our lady of Fatimah hospital, Jaleyemi, Osogbo, Osun State. The result revealed that more than 75% of the infants were born large with 50% of the infants were females. Mean maternal age was 30 years. More than half of the women were nulliparous (51.5 %) and their mean parity was 1.72 . Most of the women were educated but almost half of them fall into the category with low living standard index (47%). The first canonical correlation was 0.22, which signifies a low correlation between the five birth size variables and maternal factors. Loadings of the birth size measurements revealed that length of the baby (0.69) contributed most to the first canonical function, followed by Head Circumference (0.35), MUAC (0.24), Chest Circumference (0.10) and weight (0.07). Our findings in this study suggest CCA to be a better method for assessing the effects of the maternal factors on infant size at birth than usual multivariate techniques like multiple linear regression.
Using starchy waste as a promising raw material for bioethanol production with consequence purification using chitosan/sodium alginate polymeric membrane

Current study is concerned by using environmental wastes as raw materials for bio-ethanol production. Alpha amylase enzyme has been used to convert the starch molecules of kitchen waste into simple units of glucose which subsequently fermented into bioethanol. The obtained results showed that 40% substrate and 100 μl of α-amylase were the optimum concentration to produce the highest glucose units at 417.9 and 482.5 milligram/deciliter (mg/dl), respectively. The highest bioethanol production of 423.5 mg/dl was obtained after anaerobic fermentation of free yeast cells at 30C without shaking. Both of bio-ethanol and 25% ethanol were separated by using amicon cell ultra-filtration system integrated with chitosan or sodium alginate membranes under nitrogen pressure. Each membrane was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC); while, the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity was investigated using contact angle. The whole system succeeded to elevate the ethanol concentration in a range of 47-50%, which could be increased with more polymeric modifications.
LCOE Analysis for Grid-Connected PV Systems of Utility Scale Across Selected ASEAN Countries

Countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have been dependent on conventional energy resources because of their abundance, which explains the slow progress of renewable energy. The ASEAN Centre for Energy predicts that a 17% share of renewable energy can be achieved by 2025. Geothermal, hydro, and bioenergy are restricted by regional availability. With the declining cost of solar photovoltaic (PV) equipment, it is important to predict the future levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) for solar PV systems in this region. Hence, unlike earlier research articles, this paper focuses on evaluating the LCOE for PV technology (equal to 1 megawatt) across selected three ASEAN Member States – Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand – until 2040, while considering the capital cost of subsystem components within a typical PV system – PV module, inverter, mounting structure, and balance of system distinctly – to generate unique learning curves for individual countries. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the impact on LCOE values and attainment of grid parity.
Agronomic performance of soybean genotypes in Brazil sub-subtropical climate

Soybean is the main economic crop of Brazilian agribusiness, and the extreme south of the country is considered a new agricultural frontier. The objective of this study was to evaluate the components of the yield and agronomic performance of soybean genotypes in the south of Rio Grande do Sul as well as to verify the linear relationships of the measured characters. The study was carried out in the municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the crop harvest 2016. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, containing 25 soybean genotypes arranged in four replicates. The experimental units were composed of five sowing lines, spaced by 0.45 meters and three meters in length. The measured characters were: first pod insertion height, plant height, number of branches, length of branches, number of pods in the main stem, number of pods in the branches, number of pods with one, two, three and four seeds, contributing to the pod mass with one, two, three and four seeds. The data were submitted to analysis of variance at 5% of probability, where for the significant characters the averages were compared by the Duncan’s test and Pearson's linear correlation was performed in order to identify the tendency of association among the measured characters. The genotypes DM 6159IPRO, BS2606 IPRO, BMX Magna, BMX Potência, TMG7062 IPRO, LG 60163 IPRO revealed superior characters, which can positively influence grain yield. There is a correlation among the morphological characters of the soybean cultivated in southern Brazil between the number of pods in the main stem and the number of pods in the branches, as well as between the number of pods with two seeds and the number of pods in the branches.
Residue and Potassium Management Strategies to Improve Crop Productivity, Potassium Mobilization, and Assimilation under Zero-Till Maize–Wheat Cropping System

Understanding of the potassium (K) nutrient cycle and its microbial transformation of unavailable forms of soil K to plant-available K is crucial in any agroecosystem for strategic nutrient management through inorganic fertilizer, crop residue (CR), and microbial applications. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of crop residue and K management practices on crop productivity, K mobilization from native soil K-pool, and crop assimilation of K under a zero-till maize–wheat cropping system. The experiment consisted of four residue levels (0, 2, 4, and 6 Mg ha−1) and five K levels (0, 50%, 100%, 150% RDK [recommended dose of K] and 50% RDK + potassium solubilizing bacteria, KSB). Results showed that CR retention at 6.0 Mg ha−1 significantly improved grain yield (of maize by 10.17%; wheat by 9.87%), dry matter accumulation, K uptake and redistribution in native soil K pools (water soluble K (WSK), exchangeable K (EK) and non-exchangeable K (NEK)) at 30 and 60 days after sowing and at harvest as compared to no CR. Among the K management, 50% RDK+KSB reported significantly higher grain yield (of maize by 26.22%; wheat by 24.70%), dry matter accumulation, K uptake, and native K pools (WSK, EK, and NEK) at different growth stages compared to no K. Total K did not differ significantly due to residue and K management. The highest actual change of K reported with 6.0 Mg ha−1 CR (51 kg ha−1) and 50% RDK+KSB (59 kg ha−1) over control. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) positive correlation was found among grain yield, dry matter accumulation, K uptake, the actual change in K and different native K pools. It can be concluded that retention of 6 Mg ha−1 CR and supply of 50% K through inorganic fertilizer along with seed inoculation of KSB biofertilizers, improved crop growth, productivity by enhancing K assimilation as a consequence of the release of non-exchangeable K and through the application of CR and K treatments under a zero tillage maize–wheat system.
Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis

Electron microscopic examination of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MR) cells is reported. Most of the cells contained numerous dense bodies which seemed to be lysosomes. Complex interdigitations of the membranes of the adjacent MR cells were distinctive findings. Some of the cells contained myelinated dense bodies in the cytoplasm. Histochemically, the cells were strongly positive for acid phosphatase, alpha‐naphthyl butyrate esterase and lysozyme. From these observations, the majority of MR cells appeared to be proliferations of monocyte/macrophage derived cells. In the synovium, these cells resembled type A synovial cells. Other smaller and fewer cells had many rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and these resembled type B synovial cells. In the synovium, MR cells might be formed by proliferation and fusion of synovial cells.
Assessment of tuberculosis prevalence in Enugu

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem, as it is an infectious disease and a leading cause of death globally. The issue of missing TB cases has attracted so much attention globally; the same is the case in Enugu state as the primary drivers of TB transmission vary considerably from Local government to another. Community sensitization led to increasing in presumptive tested for TB (from 10230 in 2014 to 13260 in 2018). To ascertain Tuberculosis prevalence in Enugu state using5-year data. This current retrospective study was conducted on patients’ record who reported at the TB directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) clinic from 2014 to 2018 in Enugu state. The study population consists of all documented data found in the TB Presumptive CASE STUDY 55(285), September, 2019 DISCOVERY ISSN 2278–5469 EISSN 2278–5450
Study on food and feeding habits of snake headed fishes from Guthia Taal, a wetland of district Bahraich, U.P

Aim of the present piece of work was to analysis the food composition and feeding habits of three snake headed fresh water air breathing fishes. The RLG value of Channa species decrease with the increasing length of the fish that revealed the changing feeding habit from fry stage to adult stage. The gut content of three fishes has been analysed and are broadly classified into six categories i.e. zooplankton, annelids, insects, fishes, plant matter and decay organic matter. Gut content analysis showed significant seasonal patterns and dominated by Insects (30.20-35.58 %) followed by decay organic matter (17.65-21.58%), fishes (15.96-17.00%), zooplankton (10.93-13.05%), plant matter (11.44-13.31%) and annelids (5.587.26%), in the order of preference.
EXPORT INTENSITY AND LEVERAGE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF SPANISH SMES

The aim of this study was to contribute to the literature debate on financial behavior and corporate capital structure by focusing on two aspects. First of all, we analyzed how the intensity of exports and therefore the percentage weight of foreign sales compared to total sales affect the leverage of companies. Secondly, we have analyzed which are the most significant factors influencing the financial behavior of SMEs. The financial information for the analysis were collected from the Sabi database of Bureau Van Dijk (BVD). To select the companies to be included in the sample, we followed a methodology capable of ensuring that the sample of export oriented and non-export oriented companies was adequately represented. The overall sample size was 2000 companies. The analysis showed that export intensity has a negative and significant impact on leverage, suggesting that as exports increase, leverage decreases. In addition, profitability and business risk are negatively related to leverage, while the tangibility of the assets and growth correlates positively with leverage.
Evaluation of the ACCESS-S1 hindcasts for prediction of Victorian seasonal rainfall

1 1. Introduction . 2 2. Models, hindcasts and verification data sets . 3 2.1 ACCESS-S1 . 3 2.1. 1 Model configuration . 3 2.1. 2 Hindcast initialisation and ensemble generation . 4 2.2 POAMA . 4 2.2.1 Model configuration . 4 2.2.2 Hindcast initialisation and ensemble generation . 5 2.3 Verification data and methods . 6 3. Results . 7 3.1 Model mean state . 7 3.2 Prediction of climate indices . 13 3.3 Simulation of teleconnections . 17 3.4 Prediction of Victorian seasonal rainfall . 28 4. Concluding Remarks . 36 5. Acknowledgement . 37 6. References . 37 Appendix A . 41 EVALUATION OF THE ACCESS-S1 HINDCASTS FOR PREDICTION OF VICTORIAN SEASONAL RAINFALL
How are soil carbon and tropical biodiversity related?

SUMMARY This article discusses how biological conservation can benefit from an understanding of soil carbon. Protecting natural areas not only safeguards the biota but also curtails atmospheric carbon emissions. Opportunities for funding biological conservation could potentially be greater if soil carbon content is considered. In this article current knowledge concerning the magnitude and vulnerability of soil carbon stocks is reviewed and the relationship of these stocks to biological conservation values is explored. Looking at two relatively well-studied tropical regions we find that 15 of 21 animal species of conservation concern in the Virunga Landscape (Central Africa), and nine of ten such species in the Federal District of Brazil (Central Brazil), rely on carbon-rich habitats (alluvial and/or wetlands). At national scales, densities of species, endemics and threatened taxa (plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish) show positive and significant relations with mean soil carbon content in all but two cases (threatened amphibians and threatened fish). Of more than 1000 threatened species in 37 selected tropical nations, 85% rely on carbon-rich habitats. This tendency is observed in plants, mammals, reptiles, amphibians and crustaceans, while birds appear more evenly distributed. Research to clarify and explore these relationships is needed. Soil carbon offers major opportunities for conservation.
Some Studies on Some Enterobacterial Diseases Affecting Fish

Enterobactereacea species considered the most important bacterial microorganism which causing server economic fish losses among fish farm in different countries all over the world . We use about natural 50 Oreochromis niloticus to isolate the Gram – negative Enterobactereacea and 50 O. niloticus apparently healthy for studying the pathogenecity of 2 isolates of Enterobactereacea and 30 O . niloticus for studying the anti-body titration of these 2 types of bacteria . The results proved that there are 39 strain Gram negative, Catalase negative Oxidase negative which indicate . Enterobactereacea, the main clinical signs & post mortem lesions are septicemia, ascitis , hemorrhage, exophthalmia, red mouth with congestion and generalized septiceicemia of all internal organs . The O. niloticus give the highest isolated species than any other species . In pathogenicity test the different bacteria give mortalities with different rats according to dilution. Yersinia, E.tarda re-isolated from different organs by different percent ranged from 0% - 50% and the results of biochemical identification proved both types of bacteria. E. tarda was sensitive to Lincospectine and Neomycine while Yersinia was sensitive to Erythromycin, Neomycin. Anti-body titration was higher in Yersenia than in E. tarda from that Enterobactereacea are highly effective in cultured fish and it can be controlled through antibiotic and vaccination.