Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological and Histopathological study of Hepatic Hydatidosis in slaughter animal house in AL- Najaf AL- Ashraf Province

The study was carried out in Al-Najaf slaughterhouse to show the prevalence of hydatid cysts among the slaughtered animals during the period from 1/1/2011 to 31/12/2011 , the slaughtered animals were local breeds , both sex ( male & female ) , different ages and from different region in Al-Najaf province . the hydatid cysts was examined grossly by naked eye and palpation . The study was conducted on 114717 slaughtered animals ( 21799 cattle , 51332 sheep , 41586 goats ) . The morbidity of hydatidosis was 0.93% in cattle , 0.62% in sheep and 0.61% in goats . The gross pathological changes of liver revealed variety necropsy findings represented by enlargement, discoloration to dark and red zones surrounding the hydatid cysts as responses to the inflammatory reaction. Cysts mostly protruded from the surface of the organ and sometimes embedded in the parenchyma. White wall covered the cysts has been observed . The histological changes of livers represented by infiltration of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, monocytes and phagocytes. Hepatocytes appeared separated from each other and there was vaculation in liver tissue, which contain huge number of kupffer cells .
GAMBARAN PERSONAL HYGIENE SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR INPRES 3/77 RANOWANGKO KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Personal Hygiene merupakan kebutuhan dasar seseorang, Personal Hygiene adalah kebersihan dan kesehatan diri yang bertujuan untuk mencegah timbulnya penyakit pada diri sendiri. Personal hygiene yang dimaksud yaitu meliputi kebersihan rambut, kebersihan kulit, kebersihan gigi dan mulut, kebersihan mata, kebersihan kuku tangan dan kaki, serta kebersihan telinga. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif, yaitu untuk menggambarkan kebersihan diri siswa Sekolah Dasar Inpres 3/77 Ranowangko Kecamatan Tombariri Kabupaten Minahasa. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara observasional pada siswa kelas 4, 5 dan 6 yang berjumlah 70 responden. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa sebanyak 10,0% responden memiliki rambut hygiene, 84,3% kulit hygiene, 5,7% gigi dan mulut hygiene, 27,1% mata hygiene, 70,0% kuku tangan dan kaki hygiene, serta 11,4% telinga hygiene. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa personal hygiene responden masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, perlunya tindakan intervensi baik dari orang tua maupun guru di sekolah untuk pendidikan dan penyuluhan mengenai personal hygiene melalui program Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah. Kata kunci: P ersonal hygiene, Perilaku kebersihan diri ABSTRACT Personal Hygiene is a person's basic needs, Personal Hygiene is a hygiene and personal health that aims to prevent the occurrence of disease to yourself. Personal hygiene in question that includes hair hygiene, skin hygiene, dental and oral hygiene, eye hygiene, hand and foot nail hygiene, and ear hygiene. This research is a descriptive research type, namely to describe the personal hygiene of elementary school students Inpres 3/77 Ranowangko District Tombariri Minahasa District. The data were collected by observational students in grade 4, 5 and 6 which amounted to 70 respondents. From the results of the study note that as many as 10.0% of respondents have hygiene hair, 84.3% hygiene skin, 5.7% tooth and hygiene mouth, 27.1% eye hygiene, 70.0% hygiene nails and toes, and 11.4% hygiene ears. The results show that personal hygiene of respondents is still low. Therefore, the need for action intervention by both parents and teachers in the school for education and counseling on personal hygiene through the School Health Program. Keyword: Personal Hygiene, personal hygiene behavior
Telepresence-place-based foreign language learning and its design principles

Abstract Real world places are important for foreign language (FL) learning since they provide rich and authentic language and cultural contexts for learners. However, numerous FL learners are unable to travel to target-language environments for language learning purposes. This article develops the concept of telepresence-place-based FL learning and examines its design principles through a mixed-method case study. Eleven adult English learners in China and four native-speaking English instructors participated in a series of learning activities at an arboretum on the campus of a university in the US. Based on the analysis of surveys, interviews, field notes, and learning activity videos, the findings show that using telepresence robots outside the classroom provides unique learning affordance for learners, especially when proper design principles are followed in designing the learning activities.
INDUCTION OF LABOR BY PROSTAGLANDIN: A REVIEW FOR INDICATIONS AND RISK FOR CESAREAN SECTION

Â Â Objective: Labor induction by medication is now preferred by many obstetricians. The impact of induction remains ambiguous, although many studies and systematic reviews have been conducted. Few studies have reported for its better outcomes while other studies with poor outcomes. The objective of the study is to identify the common indications of induction and the risk of cesarean section after induction.Methods: Various standardized databases, such as Pub Med, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were used to collect the scientific studies, where prostaglandin was used as drug of choice for induction of labor. The key words used were induction of labor, indications of induction, induction by misoprostol, induction and risk of cesarean section, etc. The survey spans over 22 years of study articles published from the year 1995-2017.Result: A total of 112 studies have been included to analyze the indications and risk of cesarean section. The most common indication found in most of the studies was post-term pregnancy. The risk of cesarean section varied from 3% to 48.7%. The common reasons for which the cesarean section was planned were, failed induction, nonprogress of labor, fetal distress, and undiagnosed CPD.Conclusion: Most of the studies recommend induction of labor as a safer option with lower risk of c-section.
Sustained restorative dialogue as a means of understanding and preventing sexually harmful behavior on university campuses

ABSTRACT This article describes the development, implementation, and outcomes of the Sustained Restorative Dialogue process piloted at Victoria University of Wellington in 2018. The Sustained Restorative Dialogue explored the issue of sexual harm and harassment on campus. It was a ‘sustained’ dialogue in that it was run over four sessions with the same participants. It was a ‘restorative’ dialogue in that it was held in a circle format and the conversation moved in sequential sessions through the main steps of a restorative analysis – What is happening? What are the impacts? What is needed to make things right? The aim of the dialogue was to examine the broader climate that gives rise to sexual harm in the campus setting and beyond, and to explore possible solutions. The model provided a structure for breaking down a complex issue and a space to explore practical ways to strive for a healthier culture, both on campus and in wider society. The process yielded a number of positive outcomes both for participants as individuals and as a larger group, suggesting the implementation of the model in universities could contribute to transforming the climate that gives rise to sexual harm.
Mapping Dynamic Interactions Among Cognitive Biases in Depression

Depression is theorized to be caused in part by biased cognitive processing of emotional information. Yet, prior research has adopted a reductionist approach that does not characterize how biases in cognitive processes such as attention and memory work together to confer risk for this complex multifactorial disorder. Grounded in affective and cognitive science, we highlight four mechanisms to understand how attention biases, working memory difficulties, and long-term memory biases interact and contribute to depression. We review evidence for each mechanism and highlight time- and context-dependent dynamics. We outline methodological considerations and recommendations for research in this area. We conclude with directions to advance the understanding of depression risk, cognitive training interventions, and transdiagnostic properties of cognitive biases and their interactions.
Impact of Technopreneurship on Business Performance

Technopreneurship has become a lever to propel creativity and innovation in businesses today. This study investigates the impact of technopreneurship on business performance among agro-businesses in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study examined empirical evidences on the impact of technopreneurship on business performance. The survey method was adopted. The quantitative research design was employed. Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size. A sample of 126 respondents was selected through random sampling method from of a population of 183 agro-businesses within the study areas and 74% response rate was recorded. Primary method of data collection was used. A well-structured questionnaire was administered and responses were analysed using linear regression on SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20. The survey demonstrates that technological innovation has significant effect on firm competitiveness (P = 0.000 < 0.05; R2 = 0.183) and also technological opportunities significantly influence on firm operational efficiency (P = 0.000 < 0.05; R2 = 0.445). Based on the results of findings, the study recommends that businesses need to develop or exploit indigenous technology; new products or processes based innovations; seek new technology ideas and significant technological changes which are key to competitiveness.
Institutional Ownership and Firm Performance under Stakeholder-Oriented Corporate Governance

This study aimed to reveal the role of institutional investors with shareholder-oriented scopes in a stakeholder-oriented economy such as Japan. With financial globalization, the increasing number of institutional shareholders in Japanese corporations enables us to investigate whether their shareholder-oriented perspectives are conducive to taking on effective monitoring roles under stakeholder-oriented corporate governance. This study’s sample included large listed firms of the TOPIX 500 in Japan during 2010-2016. Using 2924 firm-year observations, the effect of institutional investors on firm performance was analyzed to test the role of institutional investors in stakeholder-oriented corporate governance. Our study showed that the monitoring role of institutional shareholders, or foreign shareholders, functions effectively in Japanese corporations. In addition, we showed that the monitoring roles of these are expected to strengthen firms through higher growth opportunities. These results implied that institutional shareholders contribute to enhancing sustainable firm performance and constructing sustainable corporate governance mechanisms in a stakeholder-oriented system.
Shock wave interaction with a polygonal bubble containing two different gases, a numerical investigation

The interaction between a planar shock wave propagating in air and a polygonal bubble (composed of two triangles) containing two different gases is studied numerically. Studying the interaction between an oncoming shock wave with front- and rear-facing triangles containing light and heavy gases is of great importance in understanding the complex shock wave propagation, interaction and hydrodynamic instabilities as well as their effect on mitigating or enhancing the colliding shock/blast wave. Two different cases were studied: in the first case, the front triangle contained sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and the rear one contained helium (He); while in the second case, He is in the front and SF6 in the rear triangle. As the speed of sound in He is significantly higher than that in SF6 and in air, different flow fields were evolved. When SF6 is placed in the front triangle, the shock wave transmitted through the SF6 is reflected back from the interface separating the two gases and starts propagating downstream; over the He segment of the bubble, the incident shock wave (in the open air) is already seen over the He section and it submits compression waves into the He gas. These compression waves travel upstream and downstream; in their upstream movement they generate compression waves into the ambient air ahead of the incident shock wave. The part moving downstream will hit the interface separating SF6 and He, resulting in a complex wave pattern. A completely different wave pattern is visible when He is placed in the front triangle. Now the fastest shock is the transmitted shock wave in the He section; it reaches the membrane separating the two gases well before the incident shock wave reaches this location. Unlike the previous case, now the resulting flow in the rear triangle of the bubble is affected not only by the incident shock wave but also by the transmitted compression waves from the helium section. Furthermore, when helium is placed in the front section of the bubble, the compression waves in the He impacts the rear triangle of the bubble (containing SF6) almost like a planar shock wave. This is different from the previous case where SF6 was in the front section; then the shock wave impacting on the rear bubble containing He had a completely different shape due to its propagation into the SF6 bubble. This resulted in completely different peak pressures.
Genetic and morphological variation is associated with differences in cold-water tolerance and geographic expansion among invasive snails (Melanoides tuberculata) in central Texas

Melanoides tuberculata (Thiaridae) is an old-world freshwater snail that is and now circumtropical. After being introduced in the 1960s via the aquarium trade, populations of M. tuberculata are thriving in spring systems of Texas (USA). Field surveys and experimental investigations of temperature tolerance suggest M. tuberculata is stenothermal, and thus range expansions outside of aquatic habitats with water temperatures between 18° and 32°C should be unlikely. However, in 2012 snails were detected in natural aquatic habitats with seasonal temperatures below the experimentally determined lethal thermal minimum. To test whether genetic and phenotypic variation might be associated with cold-water tolerance and range expansion, we sequenced the 16S ribosomal rRNA gene and measured qualitative conch morphology of 170 snails collected at 26 sites in three central Texas rivers. We also conducted phylogenetic analyses of M. tuberculata collected globally and in Texas to determine potential source populations and estimate the number of invasion events. Our results show snails detected in variable temperature habitats are genetically divergent and morphologically distinct from snails collected in habitats with stable temperatures. These data are consistent with at least three introduction events into Texas of M. tuberculata sensu lato that are characterized by distinct habitat preferences, physiological tolerances, and/or adaptive behaviors.
Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Autophagy by Ursolic Acid Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Esophageal Cancer Cells

Ursolic acid (UA) possesses various pharmacological activities, such as antitumorigenic and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of UA against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (TE-8 cells and TE-12 cells). The cell viability assay showed that UA decreased the viability of ESCC in a dose-dependent manner. In the soft agar colony formation assay, the colony numbers and size were reduced in a dose-dependent manner after UA treatment. UA caused the accumulation of vacuoles and LC3 puncta, a marker of autophagosome, in a dose-dependent manner. Autophagy induction was confirmed by measuring the expression levels of LC3 and p62 protein in ESCC cells. UA increased LC3-II protein levels and decreased p62 levels in ESCC cells. When autophagy was hampered using 3-methyladenine (3-MA), the effect of UA on cell viability was reversed. UA also significantly inhibited protein kinase B (Akt) activation and increased p-Akt expression in a dose-dependent manner in ESCC cells. Accumulated LC3 puncta by UA was reversed after wortmannin treatment. LC3-II protein levels were also decreased after treatment with Akt inhibitor and wortmannin. Moreover, UA treatment increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ESCC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Diphenyleneiodonium (an ROS production inhibitor) blocked the ROS and UA induced accumulation of LC3-II levels in ESCC cells, suggesting that UA-induced cell death and autophagy are mediated by ROS. Therefore, our data indicate that UA inhibits the growth of ESCC cells by inducing ROS-dependent autophagy.
North Atlantic Circulation Regimes and Heat Transport by Synoptic Eddies

Meridional transport of heat by transient atmospheric eddies is a key component of the energy budget of the middle- and high-latitude regions. The heat flux at relevant frequencies is also part of a dynamical interaction between eddies and mean flow. In this study we investigate how the poleward heat flux by high-frequency atmospheric transient eddies is modulated by North Atlantic weather regimes in reanalysis data. Circulation regimes are estimated via a clustering method, a jet-latitude index, and a blocking index. Heat transport is defined as advection of moist static energy. The focus of the analysis is on synoptic frequencies but results for slightly longer time scales are reported. Results show that the synoptic eddy heat flux is substantially modulated by midlatitude weather regimes on a regional scale in midlatitude and polar regions. In a zonal-mean sense, the phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation do not significantly change the high-latitude synoptic heat flux, whereas Scandinavian blocking and the Atlantic ridge are associated with an intensification. A close relationship between high-latitude (midlatitude) heat flux and Atlantic jet speed (latitude) is found. The relationship between extreme events of synoptic heat flux and circulation regimes is also assessed and reveals contrasting behaviors in the polar regions. The perspective that emerges complements the traditional view of the interaction between synoptic eddies and the extratropical flow and reveals relationships with the high-latitude climate.
Compositionality: Evidence from Code- Switching

: The storage and processing of phrasemes has been discussed many times over the past decades, with varying results. Researchers still disagree as to the degree to which phrasemes are stored and processed holistically or compositionally. This paper approaches the topic of compositionality through bilingual data, which is rarely discussed in theoretical work on phraseology. It provides a qualitative analysis of verb-based phrasemes, highlighting the structural and semantic features of code-switching patterns in and around phrasemes which serve as clues to underlying production processes. The study is based on recordings of German-English informal conversation. The language-mixing patterns are presented in the framework of the MLF model (Myers-Scotton 2002; Myers-Scotton and Jake 2017). The mixing patterns inside collocations and the resistance to mixing of more idiomatic phrasemes suggest that the surface realization of phrasemes in bilingual speech is determined both by morphosyntactic code-switching constraints and by the semantic impact of nominal and verbal phraseme components on the meaning of the phraseme as a whole. The findings support both the Superlemma Theory of phraseme processing (Sprenger et al. 2006) and the MLF model of code-switching, as they provide empirical evidence for the unitary storage of phrasemes at the conceptual level as well as for their compositional assem-bly in accordance with structural code-switching constraints during language production.
Controversies related to determination of the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis intervention threshold: who are the patients?

Глюкокортикоїдіндукований остеопороз є найпоширенішою причиною вторинного остеопорозу. Після початку перорального прийому глюкокортикоїдів протягом декількох місяців відзначається швидка втрата кісткової маси й зростання ризику переломів. Важливість глюкокортикоїдіндукованого остеопорозу як проблеми охорони здоров’я асоційована з частим застосуванням глюкокортикоїдів пацієнтами з різними хронічними захворюваннями та високим рівнем остеопорозу, виявленого в цих груп пацієнтів. Розвиток глюкокортикоїдіндукованого остеопорозу обумовлений пригніченням процесу утворення кістки, що супроводжується раннім, але короткочасним збільшенням резорбції кістки. Серед численних механізмів, що лежать в основі порушення кісткового метаболізму при тривалому прийомі глюкокортикоїдів, необхідно відзначити збільшення співвідношення RANKL/OPG, підвищення експресії склеростину, активацію PPARγR2, а також гіпогонадизм, порушення всмоктування кальцію в кишечнику й зниження вироблення інсуліноподібного фактора росту 1. Незважаючи на доступні й ефективні профілактичні заходи, багато пацієнтів, які починають або отримують глюкокортикоїдну терапію, недостатнім чином оцінені в плані стану кісткової тканини й ризику переломів. Установлено порогові значення добових доз глюкокортикоїдів (≥ 2,5 мг/добу) і тривалість їх прийому (≥ 3 місяців), при яких пацієнти повинні бути обов’язково піддані оцінці ризику переломів і необхідності проведення лікування антиостеопоротичними препаратами. Національні керівництва з менеджменту глюкокортикоїдіндукованого остеопорозу пропонують різні підходи до визначення порогу втручань, базуючись на використанні різних критеріїв. Алгоритм FRAX® розраховує 10-річну ймовірність переломів за клінічними факторами ризику з тестуванням мінеральної щільності кістки або без нього і калібрується для регіональної частоти переломів і смертності. Незважаючи на обмеження, цей інструмент є найдієвішим у визначенні порога втручань. У рекомендаціях ACR — 2017 вказується, що початковий абсолютний ризик переломів слід оцінювати з використанням алгоритму FRAX® з урахуванням доз глюкокортикоїдів і тестування мінеральної щільності кістки якомога швидше (до 6 місяців від початку прийому глюкокортикоїдів).
Formalized business networks in SMEs and structural relations for their governance

Abstract This study explores how networked companies collaborate depending on the different systems of internal relationships adopted. Within the variables that determine the structural mix of networking rules, we chose to analyze (i) the nature of the activities performed, (ii) the intensity of the relationships and (iii) the level of involvement of partners in the strategic decision-making process of the network. This study was carried out on a sample of 100 network agreements. We analyzed: the rules for (i) the regulation of financial engagement between partners, (ii) the inter-company information system, (iii) the operational decision-making power and (iv) its links with the legal effects on individual participants and (v) the existence of a common capital fund. The research allows to identify three approaches to the definition of governance regulation and internal relationships. We propose a classification that goes beyond the current models of formal networking, distinguishing between rigid networks for sharing, flexible networks for sharing and quasi-informal networks. The model adopts a multi-dimensional analysis of business networks. The originality of the work is to be found in the sample observed that features formalized networks comparable from a legal viewpoint, as they all adopt standardized network agreements available in the Italian context.