Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gravity or Magnetic Monopoles? You Cannot Have Both!

In this paper, we argue that gravity breaks the symmetry between electric and magnetic equations (without sources) within the Standard Model. As a result, the motivation for introducing magnetic monopoles disappears (without affecting charge quantization): magnetic monopole probably do not exist in the presence or gravity. It is consistent with the absence of observation of magnetic monopoles and resolves the magnetic monopole cosmology problem. This result could have serious implications for supersymmetry, supergravity, GUTs and ToEs, including in particular superstrings. Some of these implications, and possible ways forward, are discussed.
EFFECTS OF A MONO-ALGAL DIET AND STARVATION ON THE LIPID CLASSES OF THE DIGESTIVE GLAND OF THE SCALLOP

The effects of a mono-algal diet and the starvation trials on the content of the lipid classes and the fatty acid composition of the digestive gland of the scallop Flexopecten glaber were assessed in 2010. Results have shown that starvation induces the mobilization of triacylglycerol into phospholipids in the digestive gland of the scallop F. glaber. Also, food deprivation induced the depletion of energetic fatty acids (14:0, 16:0, 20:5n-3) and the selective retention of essential and structural-type fatty acids (20:4n-6, 22:6n-3, 22:2). A significant increase of the non methylene interrupted dienoic fatty acid (22:2) was noted in the triacylglycerol of specimens exposed to mono-specificdiet based on the microalga Isochrysis galbana clone Tahitian (T-Iso). This would be explained by the substitution to the 20:5n-3 through de novo synthesis of the 22:2.
An application of the graph theory to the study of the human locomotor system

The study of the relationships between the different structures of the human locomotor system still raises great interest. In fact, the human body networks and in particular the “myofascial system network” underlie posture and movement and new knowledge could be useful and applied to many fields such as medicine and prosthetics. The hypothesis of this study was to verify the possibility of creating a structural network representing the human locomotor system as well as to study and describe the relationship between the different structures considered. The graph theory was applied to a network of 2339 body parts (nodes) and 7310 links, representing the locomotor system. The open source platform software Cytoscape was used for data entry (nodes and links) as well as for debugging. In addition, the “NetworkAnalyzer” plugin was used for the descriptive statistics of the network obtained. In order to achieve a better rendering, the results of the network parameters gained were then imported into Gephi graph platform. At the end of this procedure, we obtained an image of a human being in an orthostatic position with a precise distribution of the nodes and links. More specifically, “the shortest pathways analysis of the network” demonstrated that any two randomly selected nodes on the network were connected by pathways of 4 or at most 6-8 nodes. Moreover, the Edge Radiality Distribution analysis was carried out in order to define how a single node is functionally relevant for other nodes: the probability distribution ranged from 0.4 to 0.77. This indicates that the majority of nodes tend to be functionally relevant for the others, but none of these is predominant. As a whole, the Cluster Coefficient (0.260) demonstrates that the network is neither random nor “strongly organized”.
Recent Developments

Authors’ Note: This research was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security through the Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events at the University of Southern California, Grant No. 2007-ST-061-000001. However, any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations are solely ours and do not necessarily reflect the views of Department of Homeland Security. We have profited from comments by Daniel G. Arce, Hirofumi Shimizu, and Jun Zhuang. Simulation & Gaming Volume 40 Number 2 April 2009 164-192 © 2009 SAGE Publications 10.1177/1046878108314772 http://sg.sagepub. com hosted at http://online.sagepub. com Games and Terrorism
Age-structured non-pharmaceutical interventions for optimal control of COVID-19 epidemic

In an epidemic, individuals can widely differ in the way they spread the infection depending on their age or on the number of days they have been infected for. In the absence of pharmaceutical interventions such as a vaccine or treatment, non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g. physical or social distancing) are essential to mitigate the pandemic. We develop an original approach to identify the optimal age-stratified control strategy to implement as a function of the time since the onset of the epidemic. This is based on a model with a double continuous structure in terms of host age and time since infection. By applying optimal control theory to this model, we identify a solution that minimizes deaths and costs associated with the implementation of the control strategy itself. We also implement this strategy for three countries with contrasted age distributions (Burkina-Faso, France, and Vietnam). Overall, the optimal strategy varies throughout the epidemic, with a more intense control early on, and depending on host age, with a stronger control for the older population, except in the scenario where the cost associated with the control is low. In the latter scenario, we find strong differences across countries because the control extends to the younger population for France and Vietnam 2 to 3 months after the onset of the epidemic, but not for Burkina Faso. Finally, we show that the optimal control strategy strongly outperforms a constant uniform control exerted over the whole population or over its younger fraction. This improved understanding of the effect of age-based control interventions opens new perspectives for the field, especially for age-based contact tracing.
The Impact of Incentives and Job Satisfaction towards Job Performance among Public Sector Doctors in Jordan: A Review of Literature

DOI: 10.21276/sjbms.2018. 3.10. 3 Abstract: The different kinds of incentives (financial, moral and grant specialization to doctors) are playing a prominent role in influencing the performance of doctors in public sector in Jordan, and guide their behavior to achieve the public health sector goals. The subject of incentives has become the focus of many management scholars and researchers because of the strong correlation between incentives, job satisfaction and job performance. Several theories such as Maslow’s human needs theory , Herzberg two factors theory and other theories became the basis of many studies and researches of incentives and job satisfaction, hence the scholars and researchers were interested in studying job performance academically as a part of organization psychology, also it has become a part of human resources management This paper aims to know the relationship between incentives (financial, moral, and grant specialization to doctors) and the performance of doctors in public sector in Jordan. The study also tries to prove in literature either the job satisfaction act as a mediator variable between incentives and job performance or not.
Molecular Typing of S-alleles through Identification, Characterization and cDNA Cloning for S-RNases in Sweet Cherry

This report identifies S-RNases of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) and presents information about cDNA sequences encoding the S-RNases, which leads to the development of a molecular typing system for S-alleles in this fruit tree species. Stylar proteins of sweet cherry were surveyed by two dimensional polyaclylamide gel electrophoresis (2D- PAGE) to identify S-proteins associated with gametophytic self-incompatibility. Glycoprotein spots linked to S-alleles were found in a group of proteins which had Mr and pI similar to those of other rosaceous S-RNases. These glycoproteins were present at highest concentration in the upper segment of the mature style and shared immunological characteristics and N-terminal sequences with those of S-RNases of other plant species. cDNAs encoding these glycoproteins were cloned based on the N-terminal sequences. Genomic DNA and RNA blot analyses and deduced amino acid sequences indicated that the cDNAs encode S-RNases; thus the S-proteins identified by 2D-PAGE are S-RNases. Although S 1 to S 6 -alleles of sweet cherry cultivars could be distinguished from each other with the genomic DNA blot analysis, a much simpler method of PCR-based typing system was developed for the six S-alleles based on the DNA sequence data obtained from the cDNAs encoding S-RNases.
Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Shows Potent Therapeutic Activity to T-Cell Leukemia and Lymphoma

Human IgG1 antibodies with low fucose contents in their asparaginelinked oligosaccharides have been shown recently to exhibit potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro. To additionally investigate the efficacy of the human IgG1 with enhanced ADCC, we generated the defucosylated chimeric anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) IgG1 antibody KM2760. KM2760 exhibited much higher ADCC using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as effector cells compared with the highly fucosylated, but otherwise identical IgG1, KM3060. In addition, KM2760 also exhibited potent ADCC in the presence of lower concentrations of human PBMCs than KM3060. Because CCR4 is a selective marker of T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, the effectiveness of KM2760 for T-cell malignancy was evaluated in several mouse models. First, to compare the antitumor activity of KM2760 and KM3060, we constructed a human PBMC-engrafted mouse model to determine ADCC efficacy with human effector cells. In this model, KM2760 showed significantly higher antitumor efficacy than KM3060, indicating that KM2760 retains its high potency in vivo. Second, KM2760 suppressed tumor growth in both syngeneic and xenograft mouse models in which human PBMCs were not engrafted. Although murine effector cells exhibited marginal ADCC mediated by KM2760 and KM3060, KM2760 unexpectedly showed higher efficacy than KM3060 in a syngeneic mouse model, suggesting that KM2760 functions in murine effector system in vivo via an unknown mechanism that differs from that in human. These results indicate that defucosylated antibodies with enhanced ADCC as well as potent antitumor activity in vivo are promising candidates for the novel antibody-based therapy.
Ownership Structure and Earnings Management: Evidence from Nigerian Listed Firms

The credibility and reliability of the primary objective of external financial reporting has been questioned by many users of financial reports because of the effect of earnings management on the information contentof such reports. Therefore, the study investigates the impact of ownership structure on earnings management in Nigeria.The study makes use of data obtained from secondary source and employs a longitudinal panel research as the research design for a sample of 75 quoted firms for the period 2009 to 2014. Also, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. Relevant residual diagnostic tests were also conducted. The result reveals that managerial ownership is negatively and significantly related to earnings management while institutional ownership and foreign ownership exhibit a positive but insignificant. The study, therefore, recommends that firms should consider improving managerial ownership by issuing policy statement requiring managers and executive directors to have more equity shares. In addition, there may be a need for companies to have a high percentage of institutional ownership especially participatory institutional ownership that can influence efficient monitoring and reduce earnings management.
GhostImage: Remote Perception Attacks against Camera-based Image Classification Systems

In vision-based object classification systems imaging sensors perceive the environment and machine learning is then used to detect and classify objects for decision-making purposes; e.g., to maneuver an automated vehicle around an obstacle or to raise an alarm to indicate the presence of an intruder in surveillance settings. In this work we demonstrate how the perception domain can be remotely and unobtrusively exploited to enable an attacker to create spurious objects or alter an existing object. An automated system relying on a detection/classification framework subject to our attack could be made to undertake actions with catastrophic results due to attacker-induced misperception. We focus on camera-based systems and show that it is possible to remotely project adversarial patterns into camera systems by exploiting two common effects in optical imaging systems, viz., lens flare/ghost effects and auto-exposure control. To improve the robustness of the attack to channel effects, we generate optimal patterns by integrating adversarial machine learning techniques with a trained end-to-end channel model. We experimentally demonstrate our attacks using a low-cost projector, on three different image datasets, in indoor and outdoor environments, and with three different cameras. Experimental results show that, depending on the projector-camera distance, attack success rates can reach as high as 100% and under targeted conditions.
Influence of spoil type on afforestation success and natural vegetative recolonization on a surface coal mine in Appalachia, United States

Surface mining has altered a vast land area in the Appalachian Region, threatening highly biodiverse native forest, contributing to habitat fragmentation, and generating severely disturbed sites that are unsuitable for succession to native ecosystems. Although there are many factors that influence species colonization and establishment on these sites, selection of topsoil substitutes suitable for native species is of particular concern. A series of experimental plots was installed in 2005 on a reclaimed mine site in eastern Kentucky, United States, to examine the suitability of three spoil types (unweathered GRAY sandstone, weathered BROWN sandstone, and MIXED sandstone/shale) as topsoil substitutes. Bareroot 1:0 seedlings of four native hardwood species (Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Quercus rubra, Q. alba, and Liriodendron tulipifera) were planted in the spoil. Seed required for ground cover was not applied so that natural colonization could be evaluated. Two years after installation, researchers concluded that tree growth was highest on BROWN; in addition, species richness and ground cover of volunteer vegetation were higher on BROWN. In 2013, tree volume was over 50 times higher in BROWN than GRAY. In addition to planted hardwoods, naturally colonizing vegetation provided nearly 100% cover on BROWN compared to 20% on MIXED and less than 10% on GRAY plots. Species richness of volunteer vegetation continued to be higher on BROWN (41) than GRAY (30) or MIXED (30), with native species comprising 65–70% of total species richness on all plots. Findings suggest that when topsoil substitutes are used, weathered spoils are more favorable to reforestation than unweathered spoil.
Methane efflux in relation to plant biomass and sediment characteristics in stands of three common emergent macrophytes in boreal mesoeutrophic lakes

Methane efflux was studied in stands of three emergent macrophyte species (Equisetum fluviatile, Schoenoplectus lacustris and Phragmites australis) commonly found in the littoral zone of boreal lakes. In vegetation stands with relatively low methane (CH4) emissions (<0.3 mol m−2 (ice‐free period)−1), the seasonal variation of CH4 efflux was better correlated with the dynamics of plant growth than variation in sediment temperature. In dense and productive vegetation stands that released high amounts of CH4 (2.3–7.7 mol m−2 (ice‐free period)−1), the seasonal variation in CH4 efflux was correlated with sediment temperature, indicating that methanogens were more limited by temperature than substrate supply. The bottom type at the growth site of the emergent plants significantly influenced the ratio of CH4 efflux to aboveground biomass of plants (Eff : B). The lowest Eff : B ratio was found in E. fluviatile stands growing on sand bottom under experimental conditions and the highest in P. australis‐dominated littoral areas accumulating detritus from external sources. The future changes expected in the hydrology of boreal lakes and rivers because of climatic warming may impact the growth conditions of aquatic macrophytes as well as decomposition and accumulation of detritus and, thus, CH4 effluxes from boreal lakes.
Performance Analysis of Different Computational Architectures: Molecular Dynamics in Application to Protein Assemblies, Illustrated by Microtubule and Electron Transfer Proteins

All-atom molecular dynamics simulation represents a computationally challenging, but powerful approach for studying conformational changes and interactions of biomolecules and their assemblies of different kinds. Usually, the numbers of simulated particles in modern molecular dynamics studies range from thousands to tens of millions, while the simulated timescales span from nanoseconds to microseconds. For cost and computation efficiency, it is important to determine the optimal computer hardware for simulations of biomolecular systems of different sizes and timescales. Here we compare performance and scalability of 17 commercially available computational architectures, using molecular dynamics simulations of water and two different protein systems in GROMACS-5 package as computing benchmarks. We report typical single-node performance of various combinations of modern CPUs and GPUs, as well as multiple-node performance of “Lomonosov-2” supercomputer in molecular dynamics simulations of different protein systems in nanoseconds per day. These data can be used as practical guidelines for selection of optimal computer hardware for various molecular dynamics simulation tasks.
Prevalence of indigestible rumen foreign bodies in sheep and goats at Dagoretti and Kiserian abattoirs, Kenya.

The study was carried out on small ruminants slaughtered at the Dagoretti and Kiserian abattoirs in Nairobi and Kajiado Counties, from April to June 2013. The objective was to determine the prevalence and types of indigestible foreign bodies in the rumen of sheep and goats and potential risk factors associated with their occurrence. A total of 1,040 sheep and goats, 520 from each abattoir were examined after selection by systematic random sampling. The sheep were 666 and the goats were 374. Of these, 112 (10.8%) had indigestible foreign bodies in the rumen. Of those with foreign bodies, 67 (10.1%) were sheep and 45 (12%) were goats. A slightly higher prevalence was found in females (12.0%) than males (10.1 %) in both animal species. Prevalence of rumen foreign bodies was higher (17.7%) in 2-3 year old sheep and goats than other age groups. The foreign bodies recovered were plastic bags (72.3%), fruit seeds (8.0%), nylon ropes (4.5%), metals wires (4.5%), clothing (1.8%), stone pebbles (0.9%) and mixture of materials (8.0%). The weight of the foreign bodies recovered from the rumen varied from 0.91g to 2.10kg. Age and body condition were found to be significantly (P<0.05) associated with the occurrence of foreign bodies while breed, sex and location had no association (P>0.05). A prevalence of 10.8% foreign bodies in sheep and goats is due to environmental pollution at the origin of the animals that may adversely affect the overall productivity and production of sheep and goats in Kenya.
Corporate Governance and the Market Value of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of corporate governance on the market value of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria (DMBs). Data were collected from annual reports and accounts of the selected banks from 2006 to 2015. Data for the study were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and Panel data regression techniques using Stata software version 12.00. The study found board size and audit committee size have a positive but insignificant impact on the market value of listed DMBs in Nigeria. However, board composition and firm size have a significant positive impact on market value of listed DMBs in Nigeria. The study recommends that listed DMBs in Nigeria should maintain the statutory provisions on the board size and audit committee size to ensure proper governance. This will also ensure proper stewardship of resources that could improve the market value. Also, the Nigerian deposit money banks should maintain optimum board composition and total assets in ensuring proper governance structure and value creation.
Use of Technology in Active Learning Teaching Practices to Enhance Lecturers' Self-Efficacy in Technical University Environment

: This article is a literacy highlight for the study of the use of teaching technology that enables active learning in teaching and learning practices to enhance lecturers' self-efficacy and teaching and learning quality. Teaching that enables active learning is one of the new teaching formats that involves the use of simulations, experiments and lectures directly in the curriculum or teaching process; various technologies are used to achieve the goals of teaching. The usage of technology applications in active learning encompassing five elements, namely online learning, hands-on experiments, blended learning, collaborative teaching and laboratory activities. The study involved technology applications in teaching and learning technology, pedagogy and content (TPACK) to enhance the quality and affordability of the technical and vocational education (TVE) student market through more effective educational curriculum and teaching elements. With the help of technology in the teaching and learning process, student production will be better prepared to meet the needs of the industry as professionals and excellent workers. Indirectly, self-efficacy of lecturers also would be increased and expertise in Malaysian Technical University Network (MTUN) would also be enhanced.
Biochemical composition of some red and green seaweeds from Iskenderun Bay, the northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey

The present study was aimed to determine total protein, total carbohydrate, total phenolic substances and pigment contents of some red and green seaweed or macroalgae collected from Iskenderun Bay, the northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey between AprilJune 2013. Totally five seaweed samples, three red (Jania rubens, Laurencia papillosa, Laurencia obtusa) and two green (Ulva lactuca, Codium fragile), were analyzed. The highest protein content was obtained from L. obtusa (142.94±3.24 mg g) whereas the lowest protein content was obtained from J. rubens (13.82±0.58 mg g). The carbohydrate yields of macroalgae varied from 155.23±1.79 to 643.93±4.68 mg g, the maximum carbohydrate concentration was recorded from green alga, C. fragile, (643.93±4.68 mg g) followed by green alga, U. lactuca, (506.69±9.19 mg g). The total phenolic contents of seaweed varied from 0.053±0.01 to 0.529±0.11 mg g and the maximum phenolic substance content was recorded from L. obtusa (0.529±0.11 mg g). The green alga, U. lactuca, showed the highest Chlorophyll-a and carotene content (2.905±0.12 and 0.941±0.04 mg g respectively) among these seaweeds.