Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Cytomorphological Study Of Spectrum of Male Chest Wall Lesions Including Breast In Fine Needle Aspirates

Background: This study was undertaken to study the spectrum and cytomorphological features of male chest wall lesions including breast. A total of 50 cases presenting in a year were studied. Methods: Aspiration was carried out in all the male patients presenting with chest wall and breast lesions. All smears were stained with MGG and their cytomorphology studied. Ziel-Nelson staining was done on necrotic aspirates to look for AFB. Result: Maximum numbers of cases (16) were seen in 21-30 yrs of age group while only 1 case was encountered in 8th decade. Most common diagnosis was lipoma (28%) followed by gynaecomastia (20%), inclusion cyst(18%), necrotizing inflammation (12%), acute/ subacute inflammation(08%), spindle cell lesion(04%), adenocarcinoma (04%) and high grade NHL (02%). The cases, for which histologic confirmation could be sought, showed 100% cytohistologic correlation. Conclusion: It was concluded that fine needle aspiration cytology of male chest wall lesion is a useful, safe and diagnostic procedure with high rate of histological correlation.
Influence of medications and psychotic symptoms on fall risk in acute psychiatric inpatients

Objective: In this study, we investigated the incidence rate and risk factors related to falls among acute psychiatric inpatients in a regional hospital. Methods: We included 521 patients who were admitted to the acute psychiatric ward in Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 and analyzed their medical records within a 1-year period. We compared differences between the fall and nonfall groups in demographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, medication use, psychotic symptoms, and Timed Up and Go scores. Chi-square tests were used for comparison of categorical variables and t-test was used for continuous variables. Results: A total of 521 patients with an average age of 38.9 years were included in our study; 167 (32.1%) patients were female. Among the inpatients in our study, 3.07% were fallers. Patients with female gender, older age, psychotic symptoms, and use of more types of medication, especially mood stabilizers, laxatives, and other classes of medications, were significantly more likely to experience falls (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Determining the risk factors for falls in an acute psychiatric ward is useful for clinical care. As we identified patients in a high-risk group, fall prevention can be performed to help them to avoid possible injury. However, further studies are needed to determine more quantitative measures to evaluate or predict the risk of falls in acute psychiatric units.
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) involvement in regulation of mouse embryonic stem cell fate

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Gender Based Variations in Morphological Features of Mandible in Digital Panoramic Radiographs: A Comparative study

BACKGROUND : Identification of skeletal remains is of paramount importance in medico- legal investigations. Skeletal components which are often investigated for gender determination are the skull and pelvis with the mandible being a practical element to analyze gender variation in the fragmented bones. Presence of a dense layer of compact bone makes it very durable and well preserved than any other bone. When skeleton sex determination is considered, metric analyses on the radiographs are often found to be of superior value owing to their objectivity, accuracy and reproducibility. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : 1. To measure the various morphometric parameters of the mandible in digital panoramic radiographs, determine variations in the morphometric parameters of the mandible, based on gender. 2. To correlate these findings in gender determination. 3. To find out which are the most reliable parameters in gender determination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using panoramic radiographs of 100 males and100 females, which were taken using Orthophos XG machine 64 KV, 8mA and 14.1 seconds). Twelve parameters such as maximum ramus breadth, minimum ramus breadth, condylar height, projective height of ramus, coronoid height, height of mandible, superior margin of mental foramen to inferior border, inferior margin of mental foramen to inferior border, superior margin of mental foramen to alveolar crest, gonial angle, antegonial angle and antegonial depth were measured on both sides on digital panoramic radiographs . Measurements were made using mouse driven methods and anatomical landmarks. Statistical analysis was done. RESULTS : There was significant difference in these parameters with p value < 0.05. CONCLUSION : This study shows strong evidence that mandibular measurements using panoramic radiographs were reliable for gender determination and the projective height of the ramus is the most significant of all the parameters, which may be used for gender determination using the mandible.
Study of oral potentially malignant disorders related to various risk factors amongst the patients attending hospitals in Bhopal, India

Background and aims Oral potentially malignant disorders constitute one of the major oral health problems in India. Few studies have been undertaken on potentially malignant disorders in central India, specifically in Bhopal. Hence the present study was conducted to assess the oral potentially malignant disorders in the patients attending hospitals of Bhopal, India. Methods Four hundred subjects diagnosed with oral potentially malignant disorders were included in this study. Detailed information was gathered in a proforma and emphasis was given to the various addictions and clinical findings. Results Among the 400 oral potentially malignant disorders diagnosed during the study period, males constituted 78% (n=312) and females 22% (n=88). The mean age of the patients was 33.50 ± 13.24 years for males and 42.60 ± 14.18 years for females. The most commonly affected age group was 21–30 years (37.5%), followed by 31–40 years (25%) and 41–50 years (13%). 87.75% patients were addicted to chewing of betel nut and/or tobacco and/or betel quid, 15.25% were addicted to smoking bidi and/or cigarette, 15.25% were addicted to chewing and smoking, 1% was addicted to chewing and alcohol, and 0.25% was addicted to alcohol and smoking. Conclusion In this study, an increase in clinical grading of oral potentially malignant disorders was found with severity and duration of addiction habit. In order to decrease the prevalence of these disorders, it is imperative to continue educational campaigns at national and international level to impart education to the public about the risk factors and early signs and symptoms of the oral potentially malignant disorders.
Structural basis of caspase-3 substrate specificity revealed by crystallography, enzyme kinetics, and computational modeling

Caspase-3 is a cysteine protease that hydrolyzes diverse intracellular proteins during programmed cell death (known as apoptosis). It has been a popular target for drug design against abnormal cell death for more than a decade. No approved caspase based drug, however, is available so far. Therefore, structural insights about the substrate recognition of caspase-3 are needed for the future development of caspase-3 based inhibitors and drugs. In this study, crystal structures of recombinant caspase-3 in complex with seven substrate analog inhibitors, including acetyl (Ac)-DEVD-aldehyde (Cho), Ac-DMQD-Cho, Ac-IEPD-Cho, Ac-YVAD-Cho, AcWEHD-Cho, Ac-VDVAD-Cho, and tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc)-D-fluoromethylketone (Fmk), have been analyzed in combination with enzyme kinetic data and computational models. Seven crystal structures were determined at resolutions of 1.7-2.6A. The binding conformation of each inhibitor residue at P1-P4 position was analyzed. The negative P1 aspartic acid side chain is exclusively required by the positive S1 pocket of caspase-3. Small hydrophobic P2 residues are preferred by the nonpolar S2 pocket formed by Y204, W206, and F256.
Diallel analysis for seed-cotton yield and its contributing traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Four upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties were genetically analysed for gene action controlling the phenotypic expression of seed-cotton yield and its related traits. Additive type of gene action with partial dominance was observed for boll number/plant, boll weight, seed-cotton yield and seed index. Epistatic effects were also Involved in the expression of all the characters except boll weight.
2016A Knorre Microbial Cell

Apart from energy transformation, mitochondria play important signaling roles. In yeast, mitochondrial signaling relies on several molecular cascades. However, it is not clear how a cell detects a particular mitochondrial malfunction. The problem is that there are many possible manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction. For example, exposure to the specific antibiotics can either decrease (inhibitors of respiratory chain) or increase (inhibitors of ATP-synthase) mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Moreover, even in the absence of the dysfunctions, a cell needs feedback from mitochondria to coordinate mitochondrial biogenesis and/or removal by mitophagy during the division cycle. To cope with the complexity, only a limited set of compounds is monitored by yeast cells to estimate mitochondrial functionality. The known examples of such compounds are ATP, reactive oxygen species, intermediates of amino acids synthesis, short peptides, Fe-S clusters and heme, and also the precursor proteins which fail to be imported by mitochondria. On one hand, the levels of these molecules depend not only on mitochondria. On the other hand, these substances are recognized by the cytosolic sensors which transmit the signals to the nucleus leading to general, as opposed to mitochondriaspecific, transcriptional response. Therefore, we argue that both ways of mitochondria-to-nucleus communication in yeast are mostly (if not completely) unspecific, are mediated by the cytosolic signaling machinery and strongly depend on cellular metabolic state. How do yeast sense mitochondrial dysfunction? Dmitry A. Knorre 1 , Svyatoslav S. Sokolov 1 , Anna N. Zyrina 2 , Fedor F. Severin 1,3, * 1 Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-40, Moscow 119991, Russia. 2 Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-73, Moscow 119991, Russia. 3 Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia. * Corresponding Author: Fedor F. Severin, E-mail: severin@belozersky.msu. ru
SPECIAL ISSUE: Interactions between White-Tailed Deer and Invasive Plants in North American Forests Individual and interactive effects of white-tailed deer and an exotic shrub on artiﬁcial and natural regeneration in mixed hardwood forests

Underplanting tree seedlings in areas where natural regeneration is limited may offer a tool by which desired overstory composition can be maintained or restored in forests. However, invasive plant species and ungulate browsing may limit the effectiveness of underplanting, and in-turn, the successful restoration of forest ecosystems. Individually, the invasive shrub Lonicera maackii and browsing by white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) have been found to negatively affect the regeneration of native tree species in the Midwestern United States, but few studies have examined their interactive or cumulative effects. Using exclosures and shrub removal at ﬁve sites, we examined the effects of white-tailed deer and L. maackii both on underplanted seedlings of Castanea dentata and Quercus rubra and on the composition, species richness and diversity of naturally regenerated native tree seedlings. Individually, both deer and L. maackii had negative effects on the survival of underplanted seedlings, but we identiﬁed no interactive effects. The presence of L. maackii or deer alone resulted in similar declines in the survivorship of Q. rubra seedlings, but the presence of deer alone resulted in lower survival of C. dentata seedlings than the presence of L. maackii alone . Lonicera maackii reduced light levels, increased seedling moisture stress and decreased relative basal diameter growth for Q. rubra seedlings. Deer reduced the relative growth in height of underplanted C. dentata and Q. rubra seedlings and increased moisture stress of C. dentata seedlings. No effects of L. maackii or deer were found on soil or foliar nitrogen or the overall abundance, species richness and diversity of naturally regenerated seedlings. However, L. maackii and white-tailed deer did affect the abundance of individual tree species, shifting composition of the regeneration layer towards shade tolerant and unpalatable and/or browse tolerant species.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Molecular Epidemiology: An Overview

Tuberculosis is a disease of grave concern which infects one-third of the global population. The high incidence of tuberculosis is further compounded by the increasing emergence of drug resistant strains including multi-drug resistant (MDR). Global incidence MDR-TB is ~4%. Molecular epidemiological studies, based on the assumption that patients infected with clustered strains are epidemiologically linked, have helped understand the transmission dynamics of disease. It has also helped to investigate the basis of variation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains, differences in transmission, and severity of disease or drug resistance mechanisms from across the globe. This has helped in developing strategies for the treatment and prevention of the disease including MDR.
The roles of N-Myc and l-Myc during inner ear neurosensory development

Approved: ____________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________ Title and Department ____________________________________ Date 3 THE ROLES OF N-MYC AND L-MYC DURING INNER EAR NEUROSENSORY DEVELOPMENT by Benjamin Joseph Kopecky A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Biology in the Graduate College of The University of Iowa
The nuclear transport receptor Importin-11 is a tumor suppressor that maintains PTEN protein

that encodes these proteins serves as a very important independent measure of p53 and RB1 function in cancer. Yet, no such indirect, PTEN-controlling tumor suppressors have so far been discovered. Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) protein levels are critical for tumor suppression. However, the search for a recurrent cancer-associated gene alteration that causes PTEN degradation has remained futile. In this study, we show that Importin-11 (Ipo11) is a transport receptor for PTEN that is required to physically separate PTEN from elements of the PTEN degradation machinery. Mechanistically, we find that the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and IPO11 cargo, UBE2E1, is a limiting factor for PTEN degradation. Using in vitro and in vivo gene-targeting methods, we show that Ipo11 loss results in degradation of Pten, lung adenocarcinoma, and neoplasia in mouse prostate with aberrantly high levels of Ube2e1 in the cytoplasm. These findings explain the correlation between loss of IPO11 and PTEN protein in human lung tumors. Furthermore, we find that IPO11 status predicts disease recurrence and progression to metastasis in patients choosing radical prostatectomy. Thus, our data introduce the IPO11 gene as a tumor-suppressor locus, which is of special importance in cancers that still retain at least one intact PTEN allele.
CRMP-1 enhances EVL-mediated actin elongation to build lamellipodia and the actin cortex

several Ena/VASP binding partners presumably localize these elongation factors to specific sites in cells Lamellipodin, for example, is important for localizing VASP to the leading edge of lamellipodia, where VASP helps polymerize actin to push the leading edge Cells can control actin polymerization by nucleating new filaments or elongating existing ones. We recently identified CRMP-1 as a factor that stimulates the formation of Listeria monocytogenes actin comet tails, thereby implicating it in actin assembly. We now show that CRMP-1 is a major contributor to actin assembly in epithelial cells, where it works with the Ena/VASP family member EVL to assemble the actin cytoskeleton in the apical cortex and in protruding lamellipodia. CRMP-1 and EVL bind to one another and together accelerate actin filament barbed-end elongation. CRMP-1 also stimulates actin assembly in the presence of VASP and Mena in vitro, but CRMP-1–dependent actin assembly in MDCK cells is EVL specific. Our results identify CRMP-1 as a novel regulator of actin filament elongation and reveal a surprisingly important role for CRMP-1, EVL, and actin polymerization in maintaining the structural integrity of epithelial sheets.
An updated meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate if 2 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin-13 (IL-13) gene, rs1800925 and rs20541 are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk. Case–control association studies were retrieved systematically from PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases using standardized subject terms. Eleven studies including 3077 participants (1896 cases and 1181 controls) were analyzed. Evidence for a positive association between the T allele of the IL-13 SNP rs1800925 and COPD risk was found in the overall population (odds ratio [OR]=1.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.21–2.04, Pz= .001). In subgroup analysis according to ethnicity, the T allele of rs1800925 was associated with an increased risk of COPD in Asians (OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.23–2.87, Pz= .004) and Caucasians (OR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.01–1.67, Pz= .041), respectively. For rs20541, the results suggested an association between rs20541 and COPD risk in Caucasians under the recessive model (OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.13–6.92, Pz= .026), whereas this SNP was not associated with COPD in Asians. This meta-analysis suggests that the T allele of rs1800925 is associated with the increased risk of COPD in both Asians and Caucasians, whereas rs20541 is associated with the risk of COPD in Caucasians but not in Asians. Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, CNKI = China National Knowledge Infrastructure, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 second, HWE = Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, IL-13 = interleukin-13, LD = linkage disequilibrium, MOOSE =meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology, OR = odds ratio, SNP = single-nucleotide polymorphism, WT = wild type.
When, Where, and What? A New Dataset for Anomaly Detection in Driving Videos

Video anomaly detection (VAD) has been extensively studied. However, research on egocentric traffic videos with dynamic scenes lacks large-scale benchmark datasets as well as effective evaluation metrics. This paper proposes traffic anomaly detection with a \textit{when-where-what} pipeline to detect, localize, and recognize anomalous events from egocentric videos. We introduce a new dataset called Detection of Traffic Anomaly (DoTA) containing 4,677 videos with temporal, spatial, and categorical annotations. A new spatial-temporal area under curve (STAUC) evaluation metric is proposed and used with DoTA. State-of-the-art methods are benchmarked for two VAD-related tasks.Experimental results show STAUC is an effective VAD metric. To our knowledge, DoTA is the largest traffic anomaly dataset to-date and is the first supporting traffic anomaly studies across when-where-what perspectives. Our code and dataset can be found in: this https URL
RYANSQL: Recursively Applying Sketch-based Slot Fillings for Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Databases

Abstract Text-to-SQL is the problem of converting a user question into an SQL query, when the question and database are given. In this article, we present a neural network approach called RYANSQL (Recursively Yielding Annotation Network for SQL) to solve complex Text-to-SQL tasks for cross-domain databases. Statement Position Code (SPC) is defined to transform a nested SQL query into a set of non-nested SELECT statements; a sketch-based slot-filling approach is proposed to synthesize each SELECT statement for its corresponding SPC. Additionally, two input manipulation methods are presented to improve generation performance further. RYANSQL achieved competitive result of 58.2% accuracy on the challenging Spider benchmark. At the time of submission (April 2020), RYANSQL v2, a variant of original RYANSQL, is positioned at 3rd place among all systems and 1st place among the systems not using database content with 60.6% exact matching accuracy. The source code is available at https://github.com/kakaoenterprise/RYANSQL.
Relation of X-ray activity and rotation in M dwarfs and predicted time-evolution of the X-ray luminosity

The relation of activity to rotation in M dwarfs is of high astrophysical interest because it provides observational evidence of the stellar dynamo, which is poorly understood for low-mass stars, especially in the fully convective regime. Previous studies have shown that the relation of X-ray activity to rotation consists of two different regimes: the saturated regime for fast-rotating stars and the unsaturated regime for slowly rotating stars. The transition between the two regimes lies at a rotation period of ∼10 d. We present here a sample of 14 M dwarf stars observed with XMM-Newton and Chandra, for which we also computed rotational periods from Kepler Two-Wheel (K2) Mission light curves. We compiled X-ray and rotation data from the literature and homogenized all data sets to provide the largest uniform sample of M dwarfs (302 stars) for X-ray activity and rotation studies to date. We then fit the relation between Lx − Prot using three different mass bins to separate partially and fully convective stars. We found a steeper slope in the unsaturated regime for fully convective stars and a nonconstant Lx level in the saturated regime for all masses. In the Lx/Lbol − RO space we discovered a remarkable double gap that might be related to a discontinuous period evolution. Then we combined the evolution of Prot predicted by angular momentum evolution models with our new results on the empirical Lx − Prot relation to provide an estimate for the age decay of X-ray luminosity. We compare predictions of this relationship with the actual X-ray luminosities of M stars with known ages from 100 Myr to a few billion years. We find remarkably good agreement between the predicted Lx and the observed values for partially convective stars. However, for fully convective stars at ages of a few billion years, the constructed Lx-age relation overpredicts the X-ray luminosity because the angular momentum evolution model underpredicts the rotation period of these stars. Finally, we examine the effect of different parameterizations for the Rossby number (RO) on the shape of the activity-rotation relation in Lx/Lbol − RO space, and we find that the slope in the unsaturated regime and the location of the break point of the dual power-law depend sensitively on the choice of RO.