Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemoalbiventris', a novel hemoplasma species in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) from Brazil.

Opossums of the genus Didelphis are considered synanthropic animals due to their close contact with human beings. Previously, two species of hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) have been detected in opossums: 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemodidelphidis' in the North American opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and a potentially novel hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. in the white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) from Brazil. Accordingly, the aims of this study were: i) to determine the prevalence of hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in free-ranging opossums, ii) to characterize molecularly the hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. infecting opossums, iii) to determine factors associated with hemoplasma infection in opossums from Canoinhas municipality, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. For this purpose, 50 white-eared opossums (33 captured and 17 road-killed animals) were evaluated by a pan-hemoplasma PCR assay based on 16S rRNA. Six out of 50 (12%; 95% CI: 5.6%-23.8%) opossums were infested by Ctenocephalides felis fleas. Twenty out of 50 (40%; 95% CI: 26.41-54.82%) opossums tested positive for hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. by PCR. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S and 23S rRNA gene fragments confirmed that animals were infected by a potentially novel hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. previously reported in white-eared opossums from Brazil. No significant association was found between gender (p = 0.7759), trap area (p = 0.0887) or presence of fleas (p = 0.3811) and positivity for hemoplasmas. The potentially novel hemoplasma species seems to be highly prevalent in white-eared opossums from the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Mato Grosso do Sul. Based on the phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes along with epidemiological data, the name 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemoalbiventris' is proposed for this novel organism.
Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, carotenoid, and vitamin C contents of five table grape varieties from Algeria and their correlations

Aim: The aim of this work was the determination of some antioxidants (total polyphenols (TPP), total flavonoids (TF), carotenoids, vitamin C, the antioxidant capacity (AC) (reducing power) and other physicochemical parameters, such as pH, total soluble solids (°Brix), total acidity and density, in an attempt to understand how the evaluated characteristics vary with different grape varieties.Methods and results: Grape is currently known as a fruit that presents a very high antioxidant activity that can inhibit the harmful effects of free radicals. In this study, five Algerian table grape varieties were tested : Cardinal, Gros noir, Muscat noir, Muscat blanc and Victoria. TPP, TF, carotenoids and AC were determined by using colorimetric assays, and the physicochemical parameters (pH, °Brix, total acidity and density) were measured using classical methods. The darker varieties (Gros noir and Muscat noir) had the highest levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and vitamin C and possessed a good reducing power. A strong positive correlation was found, especially between TPP, TF and AC.Conclusion: This study indicated that some Algerian grape varieties exhibit high antioxidant phenolic and carotenoid content, which can potentially be used as natural source of antioxidant.Significance and impact of the study: This study on the AC, the TPP, carotenoid and vitamin C contents of five table grape varieties from Algeria and their correlations is very unique, as it is the first study on varieties grown in this country.
Association Analysis for Morphological Traits in Pomegranate (Punica geranatum L.) Using Microsatellite Markers

4 Abstract: Microsatellite markers were used to identify informative markers associated with traits Sunburn sensitivity, Hull cracking sensitivity, Fruit height, Fruit diameter, Fruit shape index (Fruit height/Diameter ratio), Calyx height, Calyx diameter, Calyx height/Diameter ratio, Fruit shape, Calyx shape, Calyx type, Fruit taste, Flower height, Flower diameter, Flower height/diameter ratio and Style height. From 30 primers that were used, 7 pairs were polymorph and product 23 alleles in 202 pomegranate genotypes. The mean number of alleles were 3.28 alleles for each microsatellite locus. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.01 (Locus MP07) to 0.56 (Locus MP39), with an average of 0.34. Stepwise regression analysis between molecular date as independent variables and morphological data as dependent variables was performed to identify informative markers associated with the studied traits.Each of the 14 traits (excluding fruit shape, calyx type, Hull cracking sensitivity and skin color) showed significant association on a total of 14 of the 23 polymorphic SSR bands.The association markers explained 2% to 29% of the variation for individual traits. The most variation of calyx height (0.29) was accounted by MP30-11, MP51-13, MP51-16 and MP07-21. SSR loci associated with fruit diameter, calyx shape and fruit size was the same. The results showed there is a significant and positive correlation among these traits. MP26 marker was linked with most traits studied in this research. Since all the used SSR loci particularly MP26 showed significant association with the studied traits, therefore, it is possible to use these markers along with morphological traits in pomegranate breeding programs for identification of suitable parents to produce mapping populations and hybrid varieties.
Communication as a Strategy to Promote Sports and Health Activities Designed for Adolescents

Physical activity reduces the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases and improves quality of life, providing health benefits for present and future generations. This is especially relevant for adolescents. Educational institutions are promoters of healthy habits through the organisation of different activities such as extracurricular sports programmes. These activities increase the rates of sports practice among adolescents. The literature shows that the perceived quality of sports and health services is an antecedent of users’ behavioural intentions. The aim of this paper is to find out whether communication from educational/sports organisations influences adolescents’ intentions to continue engaging in physical activity. A total of 1080 students participated, with a mean age of 13.76 ± 1.39 years, 34.1% of whom were girls. Tests were conducted to verify the validity and reliability of the model that relates communication with value, satisfaction, and future intentions. Tests were conducted to verify the validity (average variance extracted was between 0.754 and 0.583) and reliability (composite reliability was between 0.925 and 0.813) of the model that relates communication with value, satisfaction, and future intentions. Confirmatory analyses and factor invariance tests were performed. The results revealed that communication is an antecedent of value, satisfaction, and future intentions. In conclusion, communication is a good strategy to consolidate sporting habits in both male and female adolescents.
Genome-Wide Association Study Data Reveal Genetic Susceptibility to Chronic Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Risk

The joint effects of common variants in genomic regions containing susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease and chronic pancreatitis are associated with PDAC and may provide insights to understanding pancreatic cancer etiology. Registry-based epidemiologic studies suggest associations between chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As genetic susceptibility contributes to a large proportion of chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases, we hypothesize that the genomic regions surrounding established genome-wide associated variants for these chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with PDAC. We examined the association between PDAC and genomic regions (±500 kb) surrounding established common susceptibility variants for ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, chronic pancreatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. We analyzed summary statistics from genome-wide association studies data for 8,384 cases and 11,955 controls of European descent from two large consortium studies using the summary data-based adaptive rank truncated product method to examine the overall association of combined genomic regions for each inflammatory disease group. Combined genomic susceptibility regions for ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic pancreatitis were associated with PDAC at P values < 0.05 (0.0040, 0.0057, 0.011, and 3.4 × 10−6, respectively). After excluding the 20 PDAC susceptibility regions (±500 kb) previously identified by GWAS, the genomic regions for ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and inflammatory bowel disease remained associated with PDAC (P = 0.0029, 0.0057, and 0.0098, respectively). Genomic regions for celiac disease (P = 0.22) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (P = 0.078) were not associated with PDAC. Our results support the hypothesis that genomic regions surrounding variants associated with inflammatory intestinal diseases, particularly, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic pancreatitis are associated with PDAC. Significance: The joint effects of common variants in genomic regions containing susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease and chronic pancreatitis are associated with PDAC and may provide insights to understanding pancreatic cancer etiology.
Alkaloids and Diterpenes From Croton moritibensis

Three novel compounds, two alkaloids [2-ethoxycarbonyltetrahydroharman] and 6-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydroharman and a diterpene [12-hydroxy-13-methyl-1,8,11,13-podocarpatetraen-3-one], together with other known substances were isolated from Croton moritibensis. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR techniques.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHANGES IN BEECHNUT PRODUCTION AND ASIATIC BLACK BEARS IN NORTHERN JAPAN

Abstract Minimizing human-caused mortality by providing alternative solutions to human–bear conflicts is important for the conservation and management of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) populations. We found a positive correlation (P < 0.05) between the number of nuisance bears killed and a beechnut (Fagus crenata) crop failure index in 5 of 7 zones in the Tohoku region of Japan. In areas where bears are highly dependent on beechnuts as food in autumn, we suggest that agencies could issue warnings about nuisance bears in years of crop failure using the current monitoring network of beechnut production. This system could be a valuable method not only to reduce human–bear conflicts but also to enhance public consciousness of bear conservation and management.
Health Promotion for Childhood Obesity: An Approach Based on Self-Tracking of Data

At present, obesity and overweight are a global health epidemic. Traditional interventions for promoting healthy habits do not appear to be effective. However, emerging technological solutions based on wearables and mobile devices can be useful in promoting healthy habits. These applications generate a considerable amount of tracked activity data. Consequently, our approach is based on the quantified-self model for recommending healthy activities. Gamification can also be used as a mechanism to enhance personalization, increasing user motivation. This paper describes the quantified-self model and its data sources, the activity recommender system, and the PROVITAO App user experience model. Furthermore, it presents the results of a gamified program applied for three years in children with obesity and the process of evaluating the quantified-self model with experts. Positive outcomes were obtained in children’s medical parameters and health habits.
Complexity of postural sway affects affordance perception of reachability in virtual reality

Visual perception of whether an object is within reach while standing in different postures was investigated. Participants viewed a three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) environment with a stimulus object (red ball) placed at different egocentric distances. Participants reported whether the object was reachable while in a standard pose as well as in two separate active balance poses (yoga tree pose and toe-to-heel pose). Feedback on accuracy was not provided, and participants were not allowed to attempt to reach. Response time, affordance judgements (reachable and not reachable), and head movements were recorded on each trial. Consistent with recent research on perception of reaching ability, the perceived boundary occurred at approximately 120% of arm length, indicating overestimation of perceived reaching ability. Response times increased with distance, and were shortest for the most difficult pose—the yoga tree pose. Head movement amplitude increased with increases in balance demands. Unexpectedly, the coefficient of variation was comparable in the two active balance poses, and was more extreme in the standard control pose for the shortest and longest distances. More complex descriptors of postural sway (i.e., effort-to-compress) were predictive of perception while in the tree pose and the toe-to-heel pose, as compared with control stance. This demonstrates that standard measures of central tendency are not sufficient for describing multiscale interactions of postural dynamics in functional tasks.
Analyzing the effect of social interaction on job demands and health in the example of flexible shiftwork

In the literature, shiftwork-related stress is often connected with health complaints. However, it has been shown that these are not equally distributed. Further reasons must exist as to why stress resulting from shiftwork only affects health in some cases. In a study with 653 employees working in highly flexible shiftwork conditions, an examination was made of the factors affecting the relationship between job demands and health status. The results show that satisfaction with leadership influences whether unevenly distributed work and time pressure have a significant impact on health. The factor of other people living in the household significantly influences whether time pressure and emotional stress lead to health complaints. The study concluded that the impact of social interaction as a resource is not limited to the workplace. Social interaction, as a personal resource, can be helpful in both the professional and private spheres.
Can Hip Joint Position affect Quadriceps Muscle Responses during Knee Extension Exercise?

Abstract This study investigated the acute effects of seated and supine knee extension exercise on muscle swelling, torque, and work output. Twelve resistance-trained men performed two isokinetic concentric-only knee-extension training protocols at different hip positions in a counter-balanced order. They completed the knee extension exercise in the seated (hip angle at 85°) and supine (hip angle at 180°) positions. The torque and work output were assessed during each set. Moreover, muscle thickness of the middle and proximal vastus lateralis and rectus femoris were evaluated before and after each protocol and used as an indicator of muscle swelling. Middle rectus femoris and proximal vastus lateralis thickness increased significantly (p=0.01) with no difference between exercise variations. However, the middle vastus lateralis thickness increased (p=0.01) only after the seated knee extension exercise (~7%). Knee extensors’ peak torque and work output were approximately 8% higher (p=0.04) in the seated when compared to the supine hip position. There was a similar decrease in torque and work output throughout both protocols (p=0.98). In conclusion, seated knee extension exercises produced greater torque, work output, and muscle swelling in the vastus lateralis when compared to the supine knee extension exercise.
Fear-induced increases in loss aversion are linked to increased neural negative-value coding

Abstract Human decisions are often influenced by emotions. An economically relevant example is the role of fear in generating loss aversion. Previous research implicates the amygdala as a key brain structure in the experience of fear and loss aversion. The neural mechanism behind emotional influences on loss aversion is, however, unclear. To address this, we measured brain activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participants made decisions about monetary gambles after viewing fearful or neutral faces. We observed that loss aversion following the presentation of neutral faces was mainly predicted by greater deactivations for prospective losses (relative to activations for prospective gains) in several brain regions, including the amygdala. By contrast, increases in loss aversion following the presentation of fearful faces were mainly predicted by greater activations for prospective losses. These findings suggest a fear-induced shift from positive to negative value coding that reflects a context-dependent involvement of distinct valuation processes.
Localization of microfilament bundles in the upper layer of the primitive-streakstage chick blastoderm

Transmission electron microscopy of medium-streak-stage chick blastoderms revealed the presence of 4–6 nm microfilament bundles just under the apical surface of upper layer cells, in close association with the junctional complex. The presence of these microfilament bundles was not restricted to the centre of the primitive streak, but they were also observed in the presumptive neural plate and lateral to the anterior half of the primitive streak. The microfilament bundles are thought to be involved in every morphogenetic movement in the upper layer and not to be restricted to groove formation.
Preface

This special issue has been constituted to distinguish the burgeoning action strategies that are now being practiced by organization and management development practitioners around the globe. Our aim is also to look for common ground across these popular action strategies. Previous work on the action dimension in management has centered around two major themes: (1) elaboration of particular action approaches, be it action learning, action science and the like; (2) distinctions between the broad focus of action research and the popular empirical tradition of logical positivism. There are, however, some important exceptions. In the February 1993 edition of Human Relations, Max Elden and Rupert Chisholm produced a special issue on action research (Elden and Chisholm, 1993), which, like this current project, was a product of a symposium at the Academy of Management annual meeting. Although the editors proposed some definitive dimensions of action research, they assembled a panel to present some approaches and cases which extended and modified the ingredients of the so-called classical model. Then, in the October 1993 issue of Human Relations, the conversation on the special issue was continued as other authors were invited to present a critique of the February contributions. More recently, Bailey and Eastman developed a special issue for the Journal of Applied Behavioral Science (1996) which examined the tension between organizational science and managerial service. The contributors debated in this issue how their respective methodologies accomplished the mission of service in today’s organizations. The case for making explicit comparisons between what were called ‘action inquiry technologies’ was initiated with the contribution of an extraordinary volume by Ann Brooks and Karen Watkins (1994). Not only did the book present some six different—what we are referring in this issue as—action strategies, but the authors included chapters that for the first time evoked common themes which tied these strategies together. This special issue continues the tradition of Brooks/Watkins but seeks to extend Management Learning Copyright g 1999 Sage Publications London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi Vol. 30(2): 115–125
Styrylpyrone glucosides with antimicrobial activity from Senecio mannii Hook. (Asteraceae) (Glucósidos de estirilpironas con actividad antimicrobiana aislados de Senecio mannii Hook. (Asteraceae))

Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the dried ground aerial plants of Senecio manii gave two new compounds 4-methoxy6-(11-O-s-D-glucopyranosylstyryl)-α-pyrone (1) and 4-methoxy-6-(11-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosylstyryl)-α-pyrone (2) as well as the four known compounds, namely 4-methoxy-6-(11-hydroxystyryl)-α-pyrone (3), 4-methoxy-6-(12-hydroxystyryl)-α-pyrone (4), 4-methoxy-6-(12O-s-D-glucopyranosylstyryl)-α-pyrone (5) and α-amyrin. Their structures were established based on spectroscometric analysis. The styrylpyrone derivatives showed a significant antimicrobial activity.
Espécies de Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. e Stropharia (Fr.) Quél. (Strophariaceae,Agaricales) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Specimens of the genera Hypholoma (Fr.) P. Kumm. and Stropharia (Fr.) Quél. (family Strophariaceae Singer & A.H. Sm.), from the Rio Grande do Sul State were studied. This survey was based on collections made by the author from March 2004 to September 2005, as well the revision of Brazilian and foreign herbaria. Macroscopic and microscopic study of the basidiomata followed usual techniques for the study of agarics, and all collected specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of the Department of Botany of the University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICN). We concluded that the genus Hypholoma is represented by the following species in the Rio Grande do Sul State: H. aurantiacum (Cooke) Faus, H. ericaeum (Pers.: Fr.) Kühner, and H. subviride (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Dennis. The genus Stropharia comprised the species: S. acanthocystis Cortez & R.M. Silveira, S. aeruginosa (Curtis: Fr.) Quél. , S. alcis var. austrobrasiliensis Cortez & R.M. Silveira, S. apiahyna (Speg.) Cortez & R.M. Silveira, S. araucariae Cortez & R.M. Silveira, S. coronilla (Bull.: Fr.) Quél. , S. dorsipora Esteve-Rav. & Barrasa, S. earlei Norvell & Redhead, S. rugosoannulata Farl. ex Murrill, and S. semiglobata (Batsch: Fr.) Quél. The following taxa are described as new: Stropharia acanthocystis, S. araucariae and S. alcis var. austrobrasiliensis; the new combination for S. apiahyna is proposed; S. dorsipora, S. aeruginosa, and S. earlei are new records from South America, Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul State, respectively. Keys for identification, macro and microscopic descriptions and illustrations for all studied species are presented. Key-words: Basidiomycota, neotropical fungi, mushrooms
VMA21 Deficiency Causes an Autophagic Myopathy by Compromising V-ATPase Activity and Lysosomal Acidification (Retracted article. See vol. 142, pg. 984, 2010)

X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy (XMEA) is a childhood-onset disease characterized by progressive vacuolation and atrophy of skeletal muscle. We show that XMEA is caused by hypomorphic alleles of the VMA21 gene, that VMA21 is the diverged human ortholog of the yeast Vma21p protein, and that like Vma21p it is an essential assembly chaperone of the V-ATPase, the principal mammalian proton pump complex. Decreased VMA21 raises lysosomal pH, which reduces lysosomal degradative ability and blocks autophagy. This reduces cellular free amino acids, which upregulates the mTOR pathway and mTOR-dependent macroautophagy, resulting in proliferation of large and ineffective autolysosomes that engulf sections of cytoplasm, merge together, and vacuolate the cell. Our results uncover macroautophagic overcompensation leading to cell vacuolation and tissue atrophy as a mechanism of disease.