Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The non-hydrostatic global atmospheric model for CMIP6 HighResMIP simulations (NICAM16-S): Experimental design, model description, and sensitivity experiments

Abstract. NICAM, a nonhydrostatic global atmospheric model with an icosahedral grid system, has been developed for nearly two decades. This paper describes NICAM16-S, the latest stable version of NICAM (NICAM.16) modified for Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Major updates from NICAM.12, a previous version used for climate simulations, include updates of a cloud microphysics scheme and a land model, an introduction of natural and anthropogenic aerosols and a subgrid-scale orographic gravity wave drag, and improvement of coupling between cloud microphysics and radiation schemes. External forcings were updated to follow a protocol of CMIP6 High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP). A series of short-term sensitivity experiments were performed to check and understand impacts of the model updates on the simulated mean states. Improvements in the ice water content, the high cloud amounts, the surface air temperature over the Arctic region, the location and the strength of zonal mean subtropical jet, and shortwave radiation over the Africa and the South Asia were found in the NICAM16-S simulations. Some long-standing biases such as the double intertropical convergence zone and smaller low cloud amounts still exist or even worsen in some cases, suggesting further necessity for understanding their mechanisms and upgrading schemes and/or their parameter settings as well as for enhancing horizontal and vertical resolutions.
Remote Sensing of River Discharge: A Review and a Framing for the Discipline

Remote sensing of river discharge (RSQ) is a burgeoning field rife with innovation. This innovation has resulted in a highly non-cohesive subfield of hydrology advancing at a rapid pace, and as a result misconceptions, mis-citations, and confusion are apparent among authors, readers, editors, and reviewers. While the intellectually diverse subfield of RSQ practitioners can parse this confusion, the broader hydrology community views RSQ as a monolith and such confusion can be damaging. RSQ has not been comprehensively summarized over the past decade, and we believe that a summary of the recent literature has a potential to provide clarity to practitioners and general hydrologists alike. Therefore, we here summarize a broad swath of the literature, and find after our reading that the most appropriate way to summarize this literature is first by application area (into methods appropriate for gauged, semi-gauged, regionally gauged, politically ungauged, and totally ungauged basins) and next by methodology. We do not find categorizing by sensor useful, and everything from un-crewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) to satellites are considered here. Perhaps the most cogent theme to emerge from our reading is the need for context. All RSQ is employed in the service of furthering hydrologic understanding, and we argue that nearly all RSQ is useful in this pursuit provided it is properly contextualized. We argue that if authors place each new work into the correct application context, much confusion can be avoided, and we suggest a framework for such context here. Specifically, we define which RSQ techniques are and are not appropriate for ungauged basins, and further define what it means to be ‘ungauged’ in the context of RSQ. We also include political and economic realities of RSQ, as the objective of the field is sometimes to provide data purposefully cloistered by specific political decisions. This framing can enable RSQ to respond to hydrology at large with confidence and cohesion even in the face of methodological and application diversity evident within the literature. Finally, we embrace the intellectual diversity of RSQ and suggest the field is best served by a continuation of methodological proliferation rather than by a move toward orthodoxy and standardization.
Influence of Pregermination Conditions on the Viability of Selected Marsh Plants.

Abstract : A brief state-of-the-art review and laboratory tests were conducted to determine viability and germination requirements of seed from 13 marsh plant species and to determine proper methods of seed storage and handling techniques to maximize viability. Selected species which exhibited considerable dormancy were also subjected to various gas and hormone treatments in an effort to break seed dormancy. The 13 species examined included sea ox-eye (Borrichia frutescens), Lyngby's sedge (Carex lyngbyei), slough sedge (Carex obnupta), tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), marah elder (Iva frutescens), soft rush (Juncus effusus), broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia), woody glasswort (Salicornia pacifica), tule (Scirpus validus), smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), big cordgrass (Spartina cynosuroides), Pacific cordgrass (Spartina foliosa), and salt-meadow cordgrass (Spartina patens). The study results provide useful information about seed viability, dormancy, storage potential, and potential germination rates for the 13 marsh plant species tested. These parameters can be useful for indicating the feasibility of using certain species for future artificial marsh establishment programs when direct seeding is desired.
Loneliness, social anxiety, social support, and internet addiction among postgraduate college students

1Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGBRIMH, Tezpur, Assam, India, 2Department of Psychiatry, CIP, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 3Irbid Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) Project, Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières Holland (OCA), Jordan Mission, 29 Aoudeh Abu Taeh Street, Shesani, Abdali District, Amman-11185, Jordan, 4Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGBRIMH, Tezpur, Assam, India, 5Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGBRIMH, Tezpur, Assam, India
Life or cell death: identifying c-Myc regulated genes in two distinct tissues

The c-myc oncogene is over-expressed or deregulated in many human cancers. c-myc encodes a transcription factor, the oncoprotein c-Myc (Myc), which acts as a master regulator of genes involved in such diverse cellular processes as replication and growth, loss of differentiation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Myc can also act as its own tumour suppressor by promoting cell death in the form of apoptosis. Thus, for putative cancer cells to arise, apoptosis must be blocked. Conditional MycERTAM transgenic mice allow regulated activation of Myc in distinct cell populations (skin suprabasal keratinocytes and pancreatic islet β-cells) and have highlighted contrasting behaviour between these two adult tissues in vivo: proliferation in the skin, and apoptosis in the pancreas. Given the crucial dependence on tissue location in vivo, we still do not know enough about the key divergence in Myc-regulated genes and proteins under conditions favouring opposing outcomes. To address this, we performed high-throughput transcriptome analysis using oligonucleotide microarrays. The in vivo transcriptional response to deregulated Myc was analysed for skin keratinocytes and laser-captured pancreatic islets following a time-course of MycERTAM activation. Due to the multi-factorial nature of the experimental design, novel statistical tools were developed allowing the use of linear models for inference of changes in gene-expression based on multiple experimental variables. Comparison of the transcriptional response between the two tissues identified potential signalling pathways which may promote apoptosis of β-cells or survival of skin keratinocytes: the DNA damage response pathway, and the Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) signalling pathway respectively. In addition, a marked change in expression was detected in members of the steroid hormone-regulated Kallikrein serine protease family in suprabasal keratinocytes but not for β-cells. These have been found to play an important role in regulating Igf1/Igf1-receptor ligation through proteolysis of the Igf1 binding proteins, are previously categorised markers for several human cancers, and may indicate a tissue-specific regulatory mechanism for determining ultimate Myc function in vivo.
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica

The most numerous and widely distributed of our resident swallows, Barn Swallows have thrived as a result of their close association with man. This species is most frequently found in rural farmlands, nesting in barns and other outbuildings while foraging over adjacent open fields. Smaller numbers also occupy urban areas, although the shortage of suitable open fields for foraging limits their numbers in these areas. A few pairs regularly nest under bridges in cities, but have a greater tendency to utilize bridges in agricultural areas. In recent decades, very few pairs have utilized natural nest sites. Only Campbell (1968) reports pairs regularly nesting on cliffs on West Sister Island (Ottawa County) in western Lake Erie.
Description of blackberry fruit growth by nonlinear regression models

Abstract Blackberry is a small fruit with several properties beneficial to human health and its cultivation is an alternative for small producers due to its fast and high financial return. Studying the growth of fruits over time is extremely important to understand their development, helping in the most appropriate crop management, avoiding post-harvest losses, which is one of the aggravating factors of blackberry cultivation, being a short shelf life fruit. Thus, growth curves are highlighted in this type of study and modeling through statistical models helps understanding how such growth occurs. Data from this study were obtained from an experiment conducted at the Federal University of Lavras in 2015. The aim of this study was to adjust nonlinear, double Logistic and double Gompertz models to describe the diameter growth of four blackberry cultivars (‘Brazos’, ‘Choctaw’, ‘Guarani’ and ‘Tupy’). Estimations of parameters were obtained using the least squares method and the Gauss-Newton algorithm, with the “nls” and “glns” functions of the R statistical software. The comparison of adjustments was made by the Akaike information criterion (AICc), residual standard deviation (RSD) and adjusted determination coefficient (R2 aj). The models satisfactorily described data, choosing the Logistic double model for ‘Brazos’ and ‘Guarani’ cultivars and the double Gompertz model for ‘Tupy’ and ‘Choctaw’ cultivars.
Physical-Layer Authentication in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems

This paper concerns the problem of authenticating the transmitter device in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. This problem is important because of high vulnerabilities in wireless communications and an additional security vulnerability when some users collude with the adversary. In this paper, we consider two attacking scenarios. In the first scenario, there is no user that colludes with the adversary. In the second scenario, at least one user colludes with the adversary. In this paper, we propose an authentication approach in the down-link scheme of a NOMA system using physical-layer authentication mechanism because of its advantages: provide information theoretic security, reduce complexity, save power and allow us to construct a two-factor authentication system. Based on the aforementioned two attacking scenarios, we propose three physical-layer authentication schemes for a NOMA system: Physical-Layer Authentication with Shared Authentication Tag (PLA-SAT), Physical-Layer Authentication with Superimposed Independent authentication Tags (PLA-SIT), and Physical-Layer Authentication with TDM authentication tags (PLA-TDM). We analyze the theoretical performance of our schemes over fading channels and derive their closed-form expressions. Then, we optimize the parameters of our schemes to achieve both the reliability fairness and the authentication-accuracy fairness. We implemented our schemes and conducted extensive performance comparisons. Our experimental results show that for the first attacking scenario, the PLA-SAT scheme offers more than 97% authentication accuracy when the received SNR of the served user with poor channel condition is at least 10 dB. For the second attacking scenario, both the PLA-SIT scheme and the PLA-TDM scheme offer more than 97% authentication accuracy when the received SNR of the served user with poor channel condition is at least 12 dB.
An Insight into the Diffusion of Unsaturated Polyester (UP) Resin into Expanded Graphite (EG) to Improve the Mechanical Properties of the UP/EG Composites

Abstract Polymer/expanded graphite (EG) nanocomposites have great importance in many industrial applications mainly due to their high electrical/thermal conductivity or flame retardancy. However, to fully employ the benefits of polymer/EG nanocomposites one must consider the high degree of porosity of EG. The high degree of porosity of EG can deteriorate the composites’ mechanical properties if the polymer chains cannot diffuse completely into the EG pores. In this article, an insight is given into the diffusion of unsaturated isophthalic polyester (UP) resin, consisting of a combination of maleic anhydride and isophthalic anhydride in the resin backbone, with two viscosities, into the pores of the EG particles of various degrees of porosity. The diffusion experiments were carried out on compressed EG tablets with the same density but different porosity due to the different porosity of the EG particles. The results showed that the diffusion rate of the UP resin with higher viscosity slightly decreased when the EG porosity decreased but, in the opposite way, it strongly increased for the low viscosity UP resin. The EG nanocomposites samples were molded at varying pressures. The micrographs of the fractured surfaces of the EG nanocomposites showed that the EG pores were not filled with resin, thus the EG nanocomposites had residual pores. It was found that composites containing EGs with higher expansion ratio and larger particles and pores showed larger residual pores. Furthermore, the composites prepared with the more viscous UP resin showed more residual pores. By applying a pressure of 10 bar instead of 1 bar, a reduction of 7–20% in the residual pores of the nanocomposites was observed which led to improved mechanical properties by up to 20% in flexural strength for the EG with the highest expansion ratio.
Application of Blockchain Technology in e-LoA Technopreneurship Journal

LoA or Letter of Acceptance is a statement received. LoA is usually used as a statement of scholarship acceptance or even journal acceptance. In addition, the current issuance of LoA is still conventional, using paper as the access medium. This is certainly inefficient. In addition, the issuance of LoAs that can be accessed through the website also has certain problems. Many parties doubt the security of the LoA issued through the website, whether confidentiality is really maintained or not. To solve this problem, e-LoA (electronic LoA) was implemented using blockchain technology on the Technopreneurship Journal website. With the use of blockchain technology on this website, LoA data cannot be changed, duplicated or deleted. So that it can improve security and support transparency in the issuance and access of LoA. e-LoA issued through the website also makes it easier for parties to access and download a verified LoA.
Mobile paradoxes: European emergence of mobile internet, users, and markets

Abstract In this paper, I review and critically discuss the histories of mobile Internet and markets in Europe. I examine the emergence of mobile Internet as an important though relatively minor part of European development of mobile technology in the 1980s and 1990s. I take up the story of how Europe then failed to capitalize on its global success with 2 G digital mobiles, and faltered with initiatives in mobile web and mobiles services in the late 1990s and early 2000s. I discuss the various factors It is with the smartphone, from 2008 onwards, that mobile Internet becomes widely established and used in Europe — yet this takes diverse, complex forms. Finally, I offer concluding remarks on the implications of the paradoxes in these mobile Internet histories for understanding of the evolution of complex socio-technical systems, including the contemporary imaginaries of integrated digital markets in Europe and elsewhere.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal and Blood Parasites of Rodents in Tabriz, Iran, with Emphasis on Parasitic Zoonoses

Objective: Rodents as reservoirs of many common human diseases (zoonoses) are the cause of health and economic problems in society. Because of the prevalence of parasitic infections of mice in different parts of Iran, this study was performed to investigate the gastrointestinal and blood parasitic zoonoses of rodents in Tabriz, Iran, between 2011 and 2012. Materials and Methods: A total of 57 rodents including 36 Rattus norvegicus, 11 Rattus rattus, 8 Mus musculus, and 2 unknown species of rodents were captured alive from different parts of Tabriz city and studied. The rodents were examined for helminth and blood infection. Results: Helminth and blood infection were only observed in Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus species and other species were not contaminated. There was no blood parasite in rodents. Different gastrointestinal worm species identified in Rattus norvegicus consisted of Trichosomoides crassicauda (51.2%), Hymenolepis diminuta (22.3%), Gongylonema pulchrum (12.1%), Hymenolepis Nana (4.31%) and Trichocephal Spp. (2.18%). Different gastrointestinal worm species identified in Rattus rattus consisted of Gongylonema pulchrum (21.17%), and Trichosomoides crassicauda (28.24%). Conclusion: Due to the presence of zoonotic parasitic agents in the studied rodents that easily enter human dwellings, controlling these animals and improvement of the sewerage system of the study area
The Study of Two Strategies for Decreasing Mutant Huntingtin: Degradation by Puromycin SensitiveAminoPeptidase and RNA Interference: A Dissertation

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene, resulting in an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat in the huntingtin protein. Patients receive symptomatic treatment for motor, emotional, and cognitive impairments; however, there is no treatment to slow the progression of the disease, with death occurring 15-20 years after diagnosis. Mutant huntingtin protein interferes with multiple cellular processes leading to cellular dysfunction and neuronal loss. Due to the complexity of mutant huntingtin toxicity, many approaches to treating each effect are being investigated. Unfortunately, addressing one cause of toxicity might not result in protection from other toxic insults, necessitating a combination of treatments for HD patients. Ideally, single therapy targeting the mutant mRNA or protein could prevent all downstream toxicities caused by mutant huntingtin. In this work, I used animal models to investigate a potential therapeutic target for decreasing mutant huntingtin protein, and I apply bioluminescent imaging to investigate RNA interference to silence mutant huntingtin target sites. The enzyme puromycin sensitive aminopeptidase (PSA) has the unique property of degrading polyQ peptides and been implicated in the degradation of huntingtin. In this study, we looked for an effect of decreased PSA on the pathology and behavior in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease. To achieve this, we crossed HD mice with mice with one functional PSA allele and one inactivated PSA allele. We found that PSA heterozygous HD mice develop a greater number of pathological inclusion bodies, representing an accumulation of mutant huntingtin in neurons. PSA heterozygous HD
The Divergent Influence of Social Responsibility on Employee Engagement through the Lens of Marital Status: Evidence from Higher Education Institutions

Purpose – This research paper has two purposes. Firstly, it aims to study the influence of social responsibility on employee engagement in a non-business setting, particularly higher education institutions. Internal Corporate Social Responsibility and Perceived Roles of Ethics and Social Responsibility were used to measure the social responsibility aspect. Secondly, the study further explores the difference between two heterogeneous groups of academics. Design/methodology/approach –A quantitative approach and non-probability judgmental sampling method were used in this research. A self-administered questionnaire containing the respondents’ demographic information and the main constructs of the research framework was distributed among the respondents targeted. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to assess the predictability of the model and a multi-group analysis was conducted to examine the differences between the non-married and married academics. Findings – The findings reveal that Perceived Roles of Ethics and Social Responsibility and Internal Corporate Social Responsibility are significantly related to academics’ Employee Engagement. The conclusion is that ethics and social responsibility have a similar influence in a non-business setting, such as a higher education institution. An insignificant result is obtained for the two heterogeneous groups of non-married and married academics. Originality/value – This research paper provides informative insights on the roles of ethics and social responsibility in a non-business setting, i.e., higher education institutions. It also complements the understanding of their insignificant influence on married and non-married academics. This serves as good information for higher education institutions’ administrators for devising alternative means to improve academics’ engagement in the workplace.
Crop Response and Weed Control from New Herbicide Combinations in Water-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)

In five field experiments from 1986 to 1988, herbicides were evaluated alone and in combinations for weed control in water-seeded rice. Combinations of bensulfuron with either molinate or thiobencarb applied into the paddy water at the 2-leaf stage of rice, controlled all broadleaf and sedge weeds, and 92% or more early watergrass. These combinations were equivalent to a commercial standard of molinate at the 2-leaf stage followed by a separate application of bentazon to the drained paddy at midtillering.
Correlação do tamanho e da distribuição dos agregados em latossolos amarelo da região do Triângulo Mineiro com diferentes ambientes = Correlation of the size and distribution of aggregates in yellow latosoils in the Triangulo Mineiro region with different

A estabilidade do agregado no solo e um parâmetro fisico cuja importância e reconhecida por aqueles profissionais que estudam o processo de erosao do solo. Essa estabilidade depende, principalmente, da textura do solo, da sua mineralogia, do teor e tipos de materia orgânica, assim como da umidade do solo. Nesta perspectiva, objetiva-se, com este trabalho, identificar o tamanho e distribuicao dos agregados e correlaciona-los com os fatores fisicos e quimicos dos solos em um Latossolo amarelo na regiao do Triângulo Mineiro, estado de Minas Gerais. As amostras de solo foram coletadas em diferentes ambientes (cerrado natural, pastagem com braquearia, plantio direto com milho e monocultura com eucalipto) em duas profundidades, de 0-20 cm e de 20-40 cm. A partir dos resultados foi possivel constatar que as praticas de manejo nos ambientes estudados influenciaram no tamanho e na distribuicao dos agregados dos solos. A mudanca do ambiente com cerrado natural para plantio com o milho contribuiu para a obtencao de menores diâmetros medios geometricos – DMG, na camada de 20-40 cm, no entanto, constatou-se maior quantidade C-org e uma distribuicao uniforme do tamanho dos agregados nos intervalos estudados. O uso de cama de peru na pastagem contribuiu para reduzir os teores de C orgânico do solo, embora tenha melhorado a agregacao.