Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparisons of anthropometric obesity indicators for predicting hypertension among male factory workers in Rajasthan, India

: Background: It is still largely unknown which anthropometric indicators of obesity are the best predictors of hypertension (HTN) in developing countries. Objective: This study compared four common anthropometric obesity indicators; body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), and waist circumference (WC), to evaluate as predictors of HTN among male factory workers in Rajasthan, India. Meth -ods: Cross-sectional surveys, including questionnaires and health checkups, were conducted for 379 male participants at two dairy factories; one in a rural and another in an urban area between March 2018 and December 2019. Results: Participants with BMI cutoff points of ≥ 24 kg/m 2 and ≥ 23 kg/ m 2 were 1.77 and 2.41 times more likely to have HTN than those with BMI < 24 kg/m 2 and < 23 kg/m 2 . Similarly, participants with WHtR cutoff points of ≥ 0.53 and ≥ 0.51 were 1.88 and 2.12 times more likely to have HTN than those with WHtR < 0.53 and < 0.51, respectively. Participants with WC ≥ 85 cm and ≥ 83 cm were 1.78 and 2.44 times more likely to have HTN than those with WC < 85 cm and < 83 cm, respectively. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that BMI, WHtR, and WC are better than WHpR for predicting HTN in male factory workers in India.
Refractoriness of Hyperkalemia and Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis-Dependent AKI Associated with COVID-19

Key Points Refractory persistent hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia are more frequent in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) AKI requiring RRT compared with the pre-COVID-19 era. Patients with CoV-AKI-RRT had elevated serum potassium and serum phosphate that correlated with lactate dehydrogenase levels. Intracellular ion release due to cytokine storm and RRT interruptions in CoV-AKI patients may account for elevated serum potassium and phosphate. Visual Abstract Background Persistent hyperkalemia (hyperK) and hyperphosphatemia (hyperP) despite renal replacement therapy (RRT) was anecdotally reported in COVID-19 and acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring RRT (CoV-AKI-RRT). However, observation bias could have accounted for the reports. Thus, we systematically examined the rate and severity of hyperK and hyperP in patients with CoV-AKI-RRT in comparison with the pre-COVID-19 era. Methods We identified patients with CoV-AKI-RRT treated with sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) for ≥2 days in March–April 2020. As pre-COVID-19 control, we included patients with AKI treated with SLED in December 2019. We examined the rates of hyperK (serum potassium [sK] ≥5.5 mEq/L), severe hyperK (sK ≥6.5 mEq/L), hyperP (serum phosphate [sP] ≥4.5 mg/dl), and moderate or severe hyperP (sP ≥7–10 and >10 mg/dl, respectively) as %SLED-days with an event. Results Along the duration of SLED, the incidence of hyperK was greater in CoV-AKI-RRT (n=64; mean 19%±2% versus 14%±3% SLED-days, P=0.002) compared with control (n=60). The proportion of patients with one or more event of severe hyperK was greater in CoV-AKI (33% versus 7%, P<0.001). The incidence of hyperP was similar between groups (mean 56%±4% versus 53%±5% SLED-days, P=0.49). However, the proportion of patients with one or more event of moderate and severe hyperP was greater in CoV-AKI-RRT (86% versus 60%, P=0.001, and 50% versus 18%, P<0.001, respectively). Among those with CoV-AKI-RRT, sK and sP correlated with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; r=0.31, P=0.04, and r=0.31, P=0.04, respectively), whereas hyperP also correlated with shorter SLED runs (hours/run; r=–0.27, P=0.05). Conclusions Refractory hyperK and hyperP were more frequent in CoV-AKI-RRT compared with the pre-COVID-19 era. Because of the correlation of sK and sP with higher LDH and sP with shorter SLED runs, intracellular ion release from cell injury due to cytokine storm and RRT interruptions may account for the findings.
VISUAL ANALYSIS OF MATERIAL FLOW DURING FRICTION STIR WELDING OF NYLON-6

Material flow during friction stir welding (FSW) is a challenging subject that should be studied to understand the defects produced during the process. Recent achievement of friction stir welding of polymers, necessitates the study of this process on polymers as well. In this paper material flow was studied on nylon-6 due to its wide engineering applications. For this purpose, a 1.5 mm thin polymer sheet, different in color, was used as a marker material and embedded in nylon-6 at various positions. Post-weld specimens, welded at optimum friction stir welding parameters, were cut at different sections for visual analysis of flow. Results showed that flow behavior in polymers is remarkably different from metals. Flow was limited to the pin influenced zone and no flow across this zone was seen. Uniform stirring and interesting phenomenon of far off displacement of plasticized material, even out of pin diameter range was observed. Analysis also revealed the upward vertical motion of the marker material.
Slangs on Social Media: Variations among Malay Language Users on Twitter

Twitter, a social media application and a popular microblogging platform, has become a compelling subject in linguistics. The nature of the communication on Twitter is informal, colloquial, and non-standard; and it is likely to contain slangs which is the interest of the modest research embodied in this paper. This study explored the variations of slangs employed by Malay language users through tweets that contained the Malay language keyword ‘ makan’ (eat). Primary Qualitative Content Analysis was the research tool employed in this study. Slangs were categorized using an adapted scheme. The analysis found that Malay language users on Twitter implemented a variety of slangs in their online communication, such as shortenings, onomatopoeic spellings, phonetics replacements, inanities, leetspeak, cacography, and emoji. The findings of this study can be useful for developing a lexical database for Malay language slangs.
Anemia Status and Water Adequacy with Academic Performance of Obese Children in Bogor

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the association between anemia status and water adequacy with academic performance of obese students in elementary schools in Bogor City. The design of this study was cross-sectional and it was conducted in February 2014 until April 2015 in six state and private elementary schools with upper-middle socio-economic level. A total of 204 5th grade obese students and students with normal nutritional status were selected as participants using simple random sampling method. Differences between variables were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. Correlation between variables was analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regressions test. The results showed that there were significant differences in pocket money and water adequacy between obese and normal students. Anemia anemia status and water adequacy were significantly related to academic performance (p<0.05). Factors affecting student academic performance were energy adequacy level, vitamin C adequacy level, anemia status and water adequacy. This study showed a low density of micronutrient intake in obese and normal students. One of the attempts to achieve good academic performance in elementary school children is by paying attention to their dietary intake, particularly vitamin and Fe. Water consumption, especially plain water, also needs to be noticed by the parents. In order to get better results and make a comparison, further studies can be conducted in different locations and other factors (infectious diseases, lifestyle, and intelligence quotient) should be included. of obese elementary school Student’s characteristic that was significantly different was pocket money. Characteristics of students’ families (in obese and normal students) had no significant association with nutritional status. This study showed the low micronutrient density in obese and normal students. Anemia status was not significantly different between obese and normal students while water adequacy was significantly different between obese and normal students. Anemia status and water adequacy in obese students had a significant association with academic performance. Factors affecting the academic performance of obese students were energy adequacy level, vitamin A adequacy level, anemia status, and water adequacy.
Professional nursing practice environment from students’ perspective in COVID-19

Objective: To assess the professional nursing practice environment from the perspective of students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of 43 students attending the last grade of the Nursing Undergraduate course at a federal university located in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Characterization variables: sex, ethnicity, age, place of internship and a question on whether they have worked and/or did an extracurricular internship in the area. The Practice Environment Scale - Brazilian validated version, consisting of 24 items and five subscales, was applied. Data were
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONTOWARDS SCHOOL CLIMATE AND THEIR JOB SATISFACTION

The study investigated the relationship between teachers’ perception towards school climate and their job satisfaction at a secondary school in Bangkok. The study first assessed the teachers’ perception towards school climate, examined the teachers’ job scarification and lastly tested the relationship between these two main variables. A total of 143 full-time teachers volunteered to participate in this study The main research instrument was a 43-item questionnaire adopted based on the Open and Closed School Climate and the Healthy School Climate Theory and job satisfaction factors of the respondents: teaching job, income, working conditions, self-esteem, intrinsic rewards, interpersonal relationships, policies and management. Means and standard deviations were used to report the teachers’ perception towards school climate and their job scarification; Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis was applied to test the relationship between these two variables. The results showed that the teachers in the target school had a positive attitude towards school climate (  X= 4.13/ S.D = 0.77). The Pearson Correlation test indicated that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ perception towards the school climate and their job satisfaction with a correlation significance 0.01 level. The study findings confirmed that major crucial issues in education that need the school’s closest attention are the school as a learning organization to provide the conditions necessary for a healthy working climate and teacher professional development and the retention of qualified teachers based on their job satisfaction to produce quality
Reply to reviewer ’ s comment from Anonymous Referee # 2 :

This study investigates global and regional GPP trends during 1982-2015, based on Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) TRENDY v6 multi-model simulations, machine learning technique based GPP products, multiple GPP data sets derived from satellite-based products, FLUXNET observed GPP products, Long-term satellite-based near-infrared radiance of vegetation (NIRv) products. DGVM ensemble is consistent with NIRv but inconsistent with satellite-based GPP products and FLUXNET observations. Significant uncertainties existed in the distribution of GPP trends among models. Most of the models used in this study have not considered Nitrogen limitation and Phosphorous availability. The manuscript re-visits all the above products and discusses the limitations. The manuscript deals with important datasets, but the results are not easy to connect.
Title: Antifragility in small and medium service enterprises

: Purpose of the paper : Antifragility is the ability of companies to face crises and improve their strategic position. Service companies, typically not burdened by high fixed costs, are facilitated in developing antifragility. The purpose of the article is to analyze the factors that enhancing antifragility in small and medium-sized service enterprises (service SMEs). Methodology : The article is exploratory in nature. Five cases of service SMEs that transformed their business model and strengthened their competitive position during the COViD-19 pandemic were analyzed. Main Findings : Antifragility is a combination of entrepreneurial attitude, context intelligence and operational agility. The paper identifies resources and capabilities supporting the development of antifragility Among the resources: slack financial resources and a broad and varied network of partners for research and Among the capabilities: operational agility, velocity and creativity. implications some into
Prominence-boundary interactions in speech perception: evidence from Japanese vowel length

This study examines prominence-boundary interactions as they relate to the perception of durational cues in Tokyo Japanese. We tested if the lexical pitch accent (lexical prominence) status of a word mediates the effects of a prosodic boundary in the perception of contrastive vowel length. We implemented a two-alternative forced choice perception task in which listeners categorized a vowel duration continuum as a phonemically short or long vowel, while we manipulated pitch accentuation and phrasing as contextual cues. We first replicated a recent finding (Steffman & Katsuda [1]) that listeners require longer phrase-final vowel durations (as compared to phrase-medial) to perceive vowel as phonemically long: a compensatory perceptual adjustment for final lengthening. We further find that this boundary effect is mediated by pitch accent, consistent with recent speech production results (Seo et al. [2]) which show that a pitch accent reduces the magnitude of final lengthening in a word (i.e., unaccented words undergo greater final lengthening). Our perception results indicate that listeners accordingly require even longer vowel duration for a long vowel percept when a target word is both phrase-final and unaccented. Overall, our results show that listeners take both prominence and prosodic boundaries into consideration when they compute vowel length: a perceptual analog to intricate prominence-boundary effects in speech production.
Why conditional subsidies for risky innovative green projects should be prefered to flat subsidies

The energy transition requires the deployment of risky programs in research and development, the vast majority of which being partially financed by public funding. This paper analyzes the potential benefit of using conditional subsidies. The relationship between the state and innovative firms is formalized in the principal agent framework. Investing in an innovative project requires an initial observable capital outlay. We introduce asymmetric information on the probability of success, which is known to the firm but not to the state agency. Furthermore the firm may influence this probability through an unobservable e ort. The outcome of the project, if successful, delivers a private benefit to the firm and an external social benefit to the state. We prove that rewarding failure is a superior strategy in presence of pure adverse selection while rewarding success is superior in presence of pure moral hazard. We also identify conditions in which both forms of subsidies should be implemented. We discuss the benefit of conditional subsidies relative to flat subsidies as well as the remaining gap relative to the first best solution. Our analytical results are interpreted in view of a 10 B e investment program launched in France in 2010 to promote R&D for the energy transition over the period 2010-2020.
Trade Spillovers of Fiscal Policy in the European Union: A Panel Analysis

We explore the international spillovers from fiscal policy shocks via trade in Europe. A fiscal expansion stimulates domestic activity, which leads to more foreign exports and, hence, higher foreign output. To quantify this, we combine a panel VAR model in government spending, net taxes and GDP with a panel trade model. On average, a public spending increase equal to 1% of GDP implies 2.3% more foreign exports over the first two years. The corresponding figure for an equal-size net tax reduction is 0.6%. Both estimates are statistically significant. As far as the effect on foreign activity is concerned, a 1% of GDP spending increase (net tax reduction) in Germany on average raises GDP of trading partners by 0.23% (0.06%) over the first two years. These figures are likely to form lower bounds for the actual effects and suggest that it may be worthwhile to further investigate the benefits from coordinated fiscal expansions (contractions) in response to European-wide cyclical downturns (upswings).
Social determinants of health and psychoactive drug use in pregnancy

Objective: To analyze the relationship between social determinants of health and psychoactive drug use in pregnant women at habitual risk. Methods: This is a documentary and retrospective study carried out with 344 medical records. Data collection used a semi-structured questionnaire, with questions related to sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric aspects. The predictor variables were configured as social determinants of health. Data were processed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and discussed according to the Dahlgren and Whitehead Model. Results: About psychoactive drug use, the most common among the population studied was alcohol, 12 (3.5%), followed by illicit drugs, 9 (2.6%) and tobacco, 8 (2.3%). An association of the proximal determinants belonging to the second layer of the cinco vezes mais chances de praticar o etilismo. Suplementação inadequada esteve associada ao tabagismo e escolaridade esteve associada a tabagismo e uso de drogas ilícitas.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Can Societies Experience Post-Traumatic Growth after a Terror Attack? The of Attacks on and Social in European Countries

The IJCV provides a forum for scientific exchange and public dissemination of up-to-date scientific knowledge on conflict and violence. The IJCV is independent, peer reviewed, open access, and included in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) as well as other relevant databases (e.g., SCOPUS, EBSCO, Pro-Quest, DNB). The topics on which we concentrate—conflict and violence—have always been central to various disci-plines. Consequently, the journal encompasses contributions from a wide range of disciplines, including criminology, economics, education, ethnology, history, political science, psychology, social anthro-pology, sociology, the study of religions, and urban studies. All articles are gathered in yearly volumes, identified by a DOI with article-wise pagination. Research shows that people are less likely to have mental health problems after a disaster, if they feel that they have learned from it and grown as a person. This phenomenon that a traumatic experience can have positive consequences is called “post-traumatic growth. ” In the current study, we investigate whether inhabitants of countries can also experience post-traumatic growth after a large-scale traumatic experience, namely a terror attack. We examined data from the European Social Survey with 75,805 participants for thirteen European countries at one moment before a terror attack and two after it. If inhabitants of these countries experienced post-traumatic growth in terms of government, then we would expect their political and institutional trust to increase after a terror attack. In terms of post-traumatic growth of community, we expected social trust to increase. Our results suggest that, overall, post-traumatic growth does not occur. Specifically, political trust does not change significantly after a terror attack; institutional trust decreases directly after, only to increase again later. In terms of community, social trust remains largely unaffected after a terror attack. Interestingly, this overall pattern does not occur in all individual countries: in-depth analyses indicate a pattern in line with post-traumatic growth for specific countries. We discuss potential expla-nations.
Estimation of genetic variability and diversity in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) for yield and yield contributing traits

An experiment was carried out to study genetic variability and genetic divergence for 12 traits in 50 diverse genotypes of bread wheat under normal sown condition. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the mean square due to genotypes for all the characters studied. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for grain weight per main spike followed by biological yield per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for 1000-grain weight, grain weight per main spike, number of grains per main spike, biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant. Genetic divergence was assessed by Mahalanobis D 2 statistic, which grouped 50 genotypes into ten clusters. Maximum genetic divergence was observed between cluster VII and IX followed by between cluster IV and VII. The attributes, viz . , 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, number of grains per main spike, days to maturity and grain weight per main spike had highest contribution towards total genetic divergence.
Cross-Linguistic Inﬂuence of Similar Phonological Contrasts for Heritage Bilingual Children in the United Kingdom

Children who grow up learning a heritage language at home, and a majority language from school and peers, represent a case of bilingualism in which there is less distinction between a “ﬁrst” and “second” language. This thesis investigates the similar contrasts within two separate heritage language communities, in order to observe patterns that occur between heritage language groups. A contrast pairing for each pair of languages was chosen: one for English-Polish heritage bilingual children and one for English-Chinese children. It was hypothesized that there would be cross-linguistic inﬂuence present, and that the acoustic cues of the English contrast would inﬂuence the production and perception of the heritage language contrast. Children between ages 7;0 and 9;6 performed a picture-naming task and a perceptual categorisation task, involving a phonetic continuum across a lexical minimal pair. The data include heritage bilinguals as well as control samples of monolinguals of each language. Results suggest that the heritage bilinguals reliably produced and perceived each contrasts. A degree of cross-linguistic inﬂuence was also present, and was seen both spectrally and temporally. In production, a comparison of vowel duration between heritage speakers and monolingual English speakers showed a signiﬁcant eﬀect ( p < 0 . 001), with heritage speakers relying less on the temporal cue. This was not repeated in perception. The eﬀect is evaluated with respect to phonetic assimilation, presenting evidence for a shared phonetic space in which mutual inﬂuence occurs.