Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined Optical and Radio‐Frequency Perspectives on the Time Evolution of Lightning Measured by the FORTE Satellite

We use a cluster feature data set for the Fast On‐orbit Recording of Transient Events (FORTE) satellite that combines detections from its pixelated Lightning Locating System (LLS), photodiode detector (PDD) and Radio‐Frequency (RF) instrumentation to generate statistics describing the frequency and timing of lightning events detected by each instrument during lightning flashes. Coincident observations from the same vantage point allow us to directly compare flash details that can be resolved by the wide Field of View (FOV) instruments relative to the pixelated LLS—whose design is based on NASA's Lightning Imaging Sensor. We find that both the PDD and RF system typically generate more detections than the lightning imager (mean: 1.5 PDD events per LLS group, 2 RF events per LLS group) from pulses that are either not sufficiently bright in the optical band (in the case of RF) or that lack the optical energy density (in the case of the PDD) required to trigger one of the pixels on the LLS imaging array. This includes additional activity before the first LLS group or after the final LLS group. These FORTE results demonstrate that certain lightning processes would be better resolved by wide‐FOV optical and RF instruments than lightning imagers. Current/future space‐based missions that use/plan to use similar instruments will improve our understanding of flash evolution by resolving details missed by lightning imagers.
Providing Co-Curricular Support: A Multi-Case Study of Engineering Student Support Centers.

In response to the student retention and diversity issues that have been persistent in undergraduate engineering education, many colleges have developed Engineering Student Support Centers (ESSCs) such as Minority Engineering Programs (MEPs) and Women in Engineering Programs (WEPs). ESSCs provide underrepresented students with co-curricular support using student interventions in the form of programs, activities, and services. However, ESSCs have a relatively short history and there are gaps in our knowledge about these support systems. While the practice of providing students with co-curricular support has been evaluated, theories of co-curricular support have not been as thoroughly investigated; we know very little about how co-curricular support functions alongside engineering curricula. In an effort to help close the gaps in current literature, the purpose of my study was to explore how the student interventions offered alongside engineering curricula influence the undergraduate experience. To address this purpose, I used a multi-case study design to explore the particulars of six ESSCs housed at four institutions. I focused on the ESSC administrators (those who provide support) and undergraduate students (those who receive support) using multiple qualitative data collection methods. The primary result of this study was the Model of Co-curricular Support (MCCS), which is a version of Tinto’s Model of Institutional Departure that I repurposed to demonstrate the breadth of co-curricular assistance required to comprehensively support undergraduate engineering students. The MCCS illustrates how a student’s interaction with the academic, social, and professional systems within a college–as well as the university system surrounding the college–could influence the success he or she has in an undergraduate engineering program. More specifically, the MCCS is a conceptual model for constructing and evaluating support systems and individual student interventions that prioritize undergraduate engineering students. Within my study, I also identified several classifications of ESSCs and highlighted some pros and cons associated with various classifications and configurations. Ultimately, this research combines student-retention theory with student-support practice in a way that could facilitate future collaborations among educational researchers and student-support practitioners.
What does the CRT measure? Poor performance may arise from rational processes

ABSTRACT The Cognitive Reflection Test is a widely used measure of the degree to which individuals override an intuitive response and engage in reflection. For both theoretical and practical reasons, it is widely taken to assess an important component of rational thought. In this paper, I will argue that while doing well on the CRT requires valuable cognitive capacities and dispositions, doing badly does not always indicate a lack of such capacities and dispositions. The CRT, I argue, offers respondents implicit (but misleading) testimony: some of those who do badly do so due to a stronger disposition to defer to testimony. Since deference is not irrational, those who do badly need not be irrational, not even in part.
HUBUNGAN KECERDASAN SPASIAL-VISUAL DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA MATERI BENTUK MOLEKUL

Ilmu kimia terbagi menjadi dua konsep, yaitu konsep konkret dan terdefiinisi. Bentuk molekul merupakan salah satu konsep terdefinisi karena gagasannya berada pada tingkat molekuler dan tidak kasat mata. Sehingga, untuk memahami materi bentuk molekul dibutuhkan kecerdasan spasial-visual. Oleh sebab itu untuk mengetahui hubungan kecerdasan spasial-visual dan prestasi belajar pada materi bentuk molekul dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya korelasi antara kecerdasan spasial-visual dengan prestasi belajar siswa kelas X IPA MA Hidayatul Ummah Pringgoboyo pada materi bentuk molekul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode statistik inferensial dengan menggunakan statistik korelasi regresi untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya korelasi antara kecerdasan spasial-visual dengan prestasi belajar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kecerdasan spasial-visual dengan prestasi belajar, hal ini dimungkinkan karena tidak hanya kecerdasan spasial-visual yang berperan dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar.
The Impact of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) on Improving Vocabulary of ESL Learners

The huge amount of vocabulary that students can use and the limited number of time available in ESL courses suggest that computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is an attractive alternative. A particular advantage of using CALL language is that you systematically repeat phrases; so that you don't lose the phrases you have cultured. The goal of the current research is to study the influence of CALL on the vocabulary of ESL students. For this reason, the researchers used tools from Tell Me More (TEM). This research was based on the systematic measurement of the Preliminary English Test (PET) to seek language skills of the subjects. The researchers then allocated two groups of participants: the study group and the controlled group. 30 ESL students were part of the experimental group and 30 ESL students were part of the other group. In order to assess prior knowledge of English including vocabulary, 80 items were performed as a pre-test. The students from both classes were taught in twelve sessions. In the study community the program TEM was used and the controlled group was not handled. In both classes the vocabulary learned were the same. Following 12 sessions, 65 items were performed during the evaluation to compare the outcomes of two groups and to assess if therapies are successful. The results have been analyzed with the unbiased t-test sample. The post-test results revealed that the study group members outperformed the control group and had a good outlook to CALL. For ESL instructors, ESL students and syllabus designers, the findings of this study can help.
In vitro mass propagation of flowering plant Torenia (Torenia fournieri Lind.) through nodal segment

Torenia fournieri is an important ornamental plant in Bangladesh that can grow in a variety of soils in moist areas. It is an extensively studied plant species to investigate fertilization and movement of chromosome. This investigation was carried out to establish a suitable protocol for large scale in vitro regeneration. In vitro mass propagation is one of the best biotechnological methods that can be ensured rapid multiplication of disease-free propagules and genetically identical plant production for plant breeding. In vitro plant regeneration in Torenia was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BA using nodal segments as explants. Maximum 95% of the explants were produced multiple shoots in this medium. The maximum number (12) of shoot per explant and the maximum shoot length of 5.5 cm were observed after 60 days of culture. The well-rooted were found when strong and healthy shoots were transferred into half strength of MS+ 1.0 mg/l IBA. The maximum number (18) of root per shoot and the maximum root length of 4.83 cm were recorded in this medium after 30 days of culture whilst 90% of shoots induced root. In vitro raised plantlets did not show any morphological variation and 90% of plantlets was survived in the natural environment. In this study, rapid multiplication of planting material in Torenia through in vitro propagation techniques such as shoot initiation, multiplication, rooting, hardening and optimizing the concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators is developed. This regeneration protocol will be helpful in in vitro mutagenesis technique to create new variation of this plant within short time cycle.
CHARACTERISTICS OF COOKIES PRODUCED FROM WHEAT AND EGG SHELL FLOUR

Cookies are popular snacks commonly consumed by children and adults to provide energy. Quality evaluation of cookies from composite flour of wheat-egg shell powder was assessed. Egg shell was made into powder and fortified in ratios (100:0%, 97.5:2.5%, 95:5%, 92.5:7.5%, 90:10%) for wheat and egg shell flour respectively). The different flour blends was processed into cookies. The cookies produced were then evaluated for proximate composition, mineral composition and sensory attributes using laboratory standard methods. The result of the proximate analysis showed that ash, fibre and protein contents of the cookies sample increased significantly with increase in the level of egg shell powder incorporated with values ranging from 1.70-4.92%, 3.10-6.60%, and 6.52-15.32% respectively. Sample with 10% egg shell powder had the highest value for each of the parameters while control sample (100% wheat) had the least value. The result of the mineral composition also showed that calcium, magnesium and iron content of the samples increased significantly with increased level of egg shell powder with values ranging from 131-514mg/100g, 48.55-96.26mg/100g and 0.2481. 060mg/100g respectively. The aroma, texture, crispiness, and taste of the fortified cookies had mean scores of 4.7-8.3, 5.4-7.8, 5.4-7.7 and 5.1-8.2 respectively. Cookies fortified with egg shell powder were generally accepted by the panelist up to 10% egg shell powder. Inclusion of egg shell powder up to 10% level is found to improve the nutritional and sensory attributes of the cookies.
Esterases and Glutathione-S-Transferase Activities Related Responses in Cotton Leaf Worm, Spodoptera Littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) After Insecticides Exposure

Toxicities of some traditional insecticides; Rider, Reldan, Biolarve, Speedo, Roxy and Grand were examined on 2 and 4 instars of both laboratory and field strain of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) under laboratory conditions. Examined insecticides exhibited toxicities on laboratory strain greater than field strain. LC50 values on 2 nd instar of laboratory strain were 0.224, 0.885, 1.033, 12.017, 24.723 and 35.171 ppm for Speedo, Rider, Biolarve, Grand, Roxy, and Reldan, respectively. Regarding field strain, the values were 0.391, 2.891, 7.076, 28.262, 30.675 and 45.565 ppm in the same manner. All treatments decrease activities of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) compared with control. Similarly, they exhibited a decrease in α and β-esterases (CE) of larval homogenates lower than control. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) displayed activities in field strain and laboratory strains greater than control. In field strain, the activities were 22.50, 15.00, 16.50, 15.50, 14.00 and 20.50 nM/mg/min for Rider, Reldan, Biolarve, Speedo, Roxy, and Grand, respectively. In the same manner, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of treated insects displayed activities greater than control. Esterases and GST enzymes may provide a primary investigation concern insect resistance and/or susceptibility to insecticide mixtures.
Influence of Sett Treatments on Biochemical, Weed, Physiological Parameters and Nutrient Uptake of Bajra Napier Hybrid Grass [CO (BN)5]

A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, to study the influence of sett treatment on biochemical parameters, weed parameters, physiological parameters and nutrient uptake of bajra Napier hybrid grass. The results of the experiment indicated that on biochemical parameters, sett treatment with water (12 hours soaking fb 24 hours incubation) (S1) recorded higher reducing sugars (28.89 mg/g), total sugar (34.83 mg/g) and starch content (45.83 mg/g). Whereas the lower non reducing sugar content (5.94 mg/g) and total phenolics content (1.65 mg/g) were also observed with sett treatment with water (12 hours soaking fb 24 hours incubation) (S1). Similarly, on weed parameters, significantly lower weed density (9.90 No./m2) and weed dry weight (12.92 g/m2) was recorded with sett treatment with water (12 hours soaking fb 24 hours incubation) (S1). On physiological parameters, significantly higher leaf area index (28.98), relative water content (87.85 %) was registered with water (12 hours soaking fb24 hours incubation) (S1). Among sett treatments, water (12 hours soaking fb24 hours incubation) (S1) had registered higher nitrogen (192.8 kg ha-1), phosphorus (33.0 kg ha-1) and potassium (112.9 kg ha-1) uptake.
Risk Premium Shocks and Business Cycle Outcomes in India

This study investigates the dynamic effects of financial shocks on the Indian business cycle. Using bank level panel data, it shows that an increase in default risk leads to a rise in interest rate spread and a decline in credit growth. This micro-level evidence is combined with predictions from a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to identify and estimate the impact of a risk premium shock based on a sign-restricted vector autoregression (SRVAR) framework. A positive shock to risk premium increases the interest rate spread by 30 basis points and contracts credit and output by 75 and 40 basis points, respectively. It causes a downturn in consumption, investment and price of capital goods, while softens consumer prices. The risk premium shock helps in explaining the cyclical variations in key macro-financial variables. A mix of expansionary fiscal and monetary policy is found to be effective in reducing the risk premium driven contraction in economic activity and expediting the recovery.
ANOMALOUS SOUND DETECTION WITH MASKED AUTOREGRESSIVE FLOWS AND MACHINE TYPE DEPENDENT POSTPROCESSING Technical Report

This technical report describes the submission from the CP JKU/SCCH team for Task 2 of the DCASE2020 challenge - Un-supervised Detection of Anomalous Sounds for Machine Condition Monitoring. Our approach uses a Masked Autoregressive Flow (MAF) model for density estimation trained solely on normal samples. Anomaly scores per input snippet are computed using the negative log likelihood of new samples. The anomaly scores per input audio are aggregated using different metrics depending on the machine type instead of simply averaging them.
Social and ecological analysis of commercial integrated crop livestock systems_ Current knowledge and remaining uncertainty

Crops and livestock play a synergistic role in global food production and farmer livelihoods. Increasingly, however, crops and livestock are produced in isolation, particularly in farms operating at the commercial scale. It has been suggested that re-integrating crop and livestock systems at the field and farm level could help reduce the pollution associated with modern agricultural production and increase yields. Despite this potential, there has been no systematic review to assess remaining knowledge gaps in both the social and ecological dimensions of integrated crop and livestock systems (ICLS), particularly within commercial agricultural systems. Based on a multi-disciplinary workshop of international experts and additional literature review, we assess the current knowledge and remaining uncertainties about large-scale, commercial ICLS and identify the source of remaining knowledge gaps to establish priorities for future research. We find that much is understood about nutrient flows, soil quality, crop performance, and animal weight gain in commercial ICLS, but there is little knowledge about its spatial extent, animal behavior or welfare in ICLS, or the tradeoffs between biodiversity, pest and disease control, greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, and drought and heat tolerance in ICLS. There is some evidence regarding the economic outcomes in commercial ICLS and supply chain and policy barriers to adoption, but little understanding of broader social outcomes or cultural factors influencing adoption. Many of these knowledge gaps arise from a basic lack of data at both the field and system scales, which undermines both statistical analysis and modeling efforts. Future priorities for the international community of researchers investigating the tradeoffs and scalability of ICLS include: methods standardization to better facilitate international collaborations and comparisons, continued social organization for better data utilization and collaboration, meta-analyses to answer key questions from existing data, the establishment of long term experiments and surveys in key regions, a portal for citizen science, and more engagement with ICLS farmers. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.agsy. 2017.05. 003 Received 17 December 2016; Received in revised form 2 May 2017; Accepted 8 May 2017 ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: rgarr@bu.edu (R.D. Garrett). Agricultural Systems 155 (2017) 136–146 Available online 18 May 2017 0308-521X/ © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. MARK
Role of stem cell therapy in diabetic nephropathy in rats: biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical study

Diabetes mellitus is one of the main causes of death due to the complications that involve many organs such as heart, kidney, retina and others. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to be effective in treatment of diabetes. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of stem cells in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, clarifying their role in oxidative stress and inflammation. 30 adult male albino rats were equally divided into 3 groups. Control group (group I) received 1ml saline by intra-peritoneal (IP) injection. Streptozotocin-treated group (group II) received Streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/ kg BW, I.P.) for induction of diabetes, then were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Steptozotocin + Stem cell-treated group (group III) received STZ, were left for 4 weeks, and then they were injected once intravenously with 1 million units of MSC and sacrificed after 4 weeks. Blood glucose, serum urea and creatinine were checked. The kidney sections were examined Histologically with H&E and PAS Stain and immunohistochemically for endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS). A morphometric study and statistical analysis were performed. DM led to increased levels of glucose, urea and creatine. Also, DM caused inflammation, degeneration and decreased eNOS immunoexpression of the kidney. The administration of MSCs improved the levels of glucose, urea and creatinine. Also, MSCs decreased the pathological changes and increased eNOS immunoexpression in the kidney. MSCs have effective therapeutic role in treating diabetic nephropathy.
LAPPEENRANTA-LAHTI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY LUT School of Business and Management Master’s Programme in International Marketing Management Eveliina Kantamaa COMMUNICATING DESTINATION BRANDS THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS – IMPLEMENTING INFLUENCER MARKETING FOR DESTINATIONS

Author: Eveliina Kantamaa Title: Communicating destination brands through social media influencers Implementing influencer marketing for destinations Faculty: School of Business and Management Master’s Programme: International Marketing Management Year: 2020 Master’s Thesis: Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT 81 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, 1 appendix Examiners: Professor Olli Kuivalainen D.Sc. Heini Vanninen
AN EXAMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON GROWTH IN THE AXIS OF DEMOCRATIZATION DEMOKRATİKLEŞME EKSENİNDE SOSYAL SERMAYENİN BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNE YÖNELİK BİR İNCELEME

The social capital phenomenon is considered as the missing link of growth by recent studies. Attention has been drawn to the determinant of institutional factors, especially a stable democratic structure, for the occurrence of an impact of social capital on growth. In this regard, our study, covering 138 countries over the period 2009-2018, consists of two research questions. Firstly, “Does the economic growth performance of countries depend on accumulation of social capital as well as the physical and human capital accumulation highlighted by the theory? ” Secondly, “Does the impact of social capital on growth change depending on the democratization level of the countries? ” Linear panel data analysis was employed to examine the first question and the panel threshold method proposed by Hansen (1999) was utilized for the second research question. This nonlinear approach constitutes the original value of our study. Our analysis results indicate that, in countries where the democratization level is above a certain level,
Production, Purification, and Characterization of an Industrially Important Enzyme Alkaline Protease Produced from Locally Isolated <i>Bacillus</i> Bacteria

The worldwide demand for industrially essential enzymes is growing due to their eco-friendly and sustainable applications in broad industrial sectors. The main objective of this investigation is intended to isolate potent alkalophilic native bacteria from local habitats for the cost-effective production of an enzyme alkaline protease. For screening of alkalophilic bacteria, bacterial samples were taken from various natural alkaline habitats, and bacterial cultures were screened on agar plate having skimmed milk as protein substrate by using the protein hydrolysis method. The bacteria showing maximum proteolytic potential were identified by microscopic, biochemical, and 16S rDNA analysis. Additionally, the culture components and other medium parameters have been optimized for higher enzyme production. High yield alkaline protease was obtained with conditions of 1% inoculum, pH 9.0, and at 37°C temperature, with 1% sugarcane molasses as the best suitable carbon substrate. Partial purification of the enzyme was performed and characterized for their optimum activity on various parameters (temperatures and pH range). The approx. molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be ~35 kDa. This study demonstrates the production of an industrially important enzyme (alkaline protease) from a newly isolated native Bacillus spp. Economical production of this enzyme can be commercially applied in vast industrial sectors like agriculture, textile, food, detergent, and leather industries.