Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Skin antisepsis protocols for the collection of blood from donor dogs

portuguesO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o potencial de reducao bacteriana proporcionado peloclorexidinadegermante 2% + alcool 70% eclorexidinadegermante 2% + clorexidinaalcoolica 0,5% e padronizar a antissepsia de pele para colheita de sangue de caes doadores. Foram avaliados 120 zaragatoas de pele da regiao da jugular de 20 caes, que foram distribuidos em seis tratamentos (T) de acordo com oagente usado para desinfeccao, associado, ou nao, a tricotomia local: T1 - Tratamento sem tricotomia e sem antissepsia, T2 - Tratamento clorexidinadegermante 2% + clorexidinaalcoolica 0,5% sem tricotomia, T3 - Tratamento clorexidina 2% + alcool 70% sem tricotomia, T4 - Tratamento com tricotomia e sem antissepsia, T5 - Tratamento clorexidina 2% + clorexidina alcoolica 0,5% com tricotomia, T6 - Tratamento clorexidina 2% + alcool 70% com tricotomia. A antissepsia foi feita de forma continua em um unico sentido, totalizando 3 minutos. O uso dos antissepticos se mostraram eficazes nos tratamentos com e sem tricotomia nao apresentando crescimento bacteriano. A eficacia de 100% da tecnica utilizada no presente trabalho pode ser decorrente do maior tempo de antissepsia. Conclui-se que os protocolos de antissepsia realizados neste estudo podem ser utilizados com seguranca para a colheita de sangue de caes, embora ainda o recomendado seja a tricotomia antes da antissepsia. Palavras-chave: contaminacao bacteriana; colheita de sangue; desinfeccao, clorexidina, cao EnglishThe objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the bactericidal efficacy of2% chlorhexidine surfactant solution + 70% alcohol and 2% chlorhexidine surfactant solution + 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol, and standardize skin antisepsis for blood collection from donor dogs. One hundred and twenty skin swabsof the jugular regions of 20 dogs were evaluated. Swabs were distributed into six treatment(T) groups according to the disinfectant used and removal or retention of local hair: T1involved neither antisepsisnorhair removal; T2comprised 2% chlorhexidine + 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcoholwithout hair removal;T3 comprised 2% chlorhexidine + 70% alcohol without hair removal; T4comprised hair removal but no antisepsis;T5comprised 2% chlorhexidine + 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol withhair removal; and T6comprised 2% chlorhexidine + 70% alcohol with hair removal. Antiseptic agents were continuously applied in a single direction for a total of 3 min. Use of antiseptics was effective with or without hair removal, resulting in the absence of bacterial growth. Complete efficacy of the technique used in this study may have been due to the increased antiseptic application time. In conclusion,the antisepsis protocols tested in this study can be safely used for the collection of blood from dogs; although,removal of hair prior to antisepsis is still recommended. Key words: bacterial contamination; blood collection; disinfection, chlorhexidine, dog
Measurement of selective constraint on human gene expression

Gene expression variation is a major contributor to phenotypic variation in human complex traits. Selection on complex traits may therefore be reflected in constraint on gene expression levels. Here, we explore the effects of stabilizing selection on cis-regulatory genetic variation in humans. We analyze patterns of expression variation at copy number variants and find evidence for selection against large increases in gene expression. Using allele-specific expression (ASE) data, we further show evidence of selection against smaller-effect variants. We estimate that, across all genes, singletons in a sample of 122 individuals have approximately 2.5 × greater effects on expression variance than common variants. Despite their increased effect sizes relative to common variants, we estimate that singletons in the sample studied explain, on average, only 5% of the heritability of gene expression from cis-regulatory variants. Finally, we show that genes depleted for loss-of-function variants are also depleted for cis-eQTLs and have low levels of allelic imbalance, confirming tighter constraint on the expression levels of these genes. We conclude that constraint on gene expression is present, but has relatively weak effects on most cis-regulatory variants, thus permitting high levels of gene-regulatory genetic variation.
The value of stubbles and chaff from grain crops as a source of summer feed for sheep

Context Modern crop stubbles provide an important source of feed for sheep during summer but can vary widely in their feeding value due to Genetics × Environment × Management interactions during crop growth, and how chaff is managed at harvest. Stubbles are difficult to assess for grazing value, due to the heterogeneity of forage components (e.g. stem, leaf, grains), which means that livestock producers rely on their observations and experience to manage sheep grazing stubbles. Aims To provide current information on the feeding value of stubbles, and to establish better methods for estimating stubble feeding value. Methods In the present paper, we report the results of sheep grazing wheat-stubble paddocks and a survey of the nutritive value of standing stubbles and chaff lines and piles of grain crops (including wheat, barley, canola and lupins) from crop paddocks in the mixed-farming region of Western Australia. Key results Without supplementation, wheat stubbles provided 50–100 dry sheep equivalent grazing days per hectare, before the estimated metabolisable energy (ME) intake of sheep fell below maintenance. This was influenced by ewe body condition score, where sheep of lower body condition gained more weight on stubbles (89 g/day higher weight gain per unit lower body condition score). Estimated ME content of edible chaff (leaf, fine stem and seed sheath or pod, excluding main stem and grain) was 5% higher in barley, 19% higher in lupin, and 5% lower in canola, than in wheat chaff, which was 5.9 MJ ME/kg DM. Implications While the grazing value of modern stubbles is variable, they have an important role in the seasonal feedbase by providing several months of feed during summer. Chaff by itself does not meet the energy or protein requirements of livestock, so a high-protein grain supplement (e.g. lupins) is necessary to maintain non-lactating ewes fed only chaff. The increased use of chaff lines and piles at harvest, primarily for weed control, provides a new opportunity to fill feed gaps in sheep and cattle enterprises if the material can be transported and stored efficiently, or if grazed in situ, as is common practice.
Predictive Factors of Influenza Outcome in Pediatric Patients by Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III

Background Influenza viral infections lead to a wide range of respiratory diseases which have an annual pattern and are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality among children. It was found that influenza among children has significant rates of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III scoring system in children with influenza for clinical outcomes of patients. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 50 children referred to the Children's Hospital of Tabriz (Iran) with flu symptoms who were admitted to the ward or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were evaluated through the PRISM III model. Results In this study, 50 children (48% female and 52% male) with a mean age range of 70.28 ±22.46 months with the flu were studied. The mean PICU of patients’ hospitalization was 34.2 ±36.5 days and the mortality rate was 16%. There was no statistically significant relationship between patient mortality and the variables of age, gender, length of hospitalization in PICU and the length of general hospitalization (P<0.05). However, only a statistically significant inverse relationship was observed between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level and patient mortality among other variables evaluated in the PRISM III model (p = 0.016). In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between PRISM III model score and mortality in the studied patients (p = 0.002). Conclusion In the present study, considering the cut-off point 14, the sensitivity and specificity of the PRISM III model in estimating the mortality of children with influenza are equal to 87.5% and 85.7%, respectively; so the PRISM III model had excellent diagnostic and estimation power.
Demographic profile and outcome analysis in paediatric intensive care unit at tertiary care hospital in the sub-Himalayan region

Care of critically ill children continues to be one of the most challenging aspects of the field of paediatrics. Although there are many studies documenting outcomes of Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) from western countries but there is dearth of data that are available from the developing countries. All Previous studies have shown significant positive impact of Intensive care on the outcome in children. However not much data is available from the Sub Himalayan region. Our study therefore, was done to see the demographic and morbidity pattern of the disease at a tertiary care hospital in the Sub Himalayan region and also the modifications that can lead to better outcomes. METHODS
Molecular characterization of progenies of bacurizeiro (Platonia insignis) from Marajó Island, northeastern Amazon

O bacurizeiro (Platonia insignis Mart.) e uma especie frutifera nativa da Amazonia muito utilizada na cultura alimentar nas regioes Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Devido a seu grande potencial economico regional, a especie vem sendo conservada em bancos ativos de germoplasma (BAG) para apoiar programas de melhoramento genetico. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar molecularmente acessos de P. insignis pertencentes ao BAG da Embrapa Amazonia Oriental por meio de marcadores ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat). Foram coletados 78 acessos de P. insignis pertencentes a 16 progenies coletadas em dois locais diferentes na Ilha de Marajo, PA. Das 16 progenies, sete foram coletadas em Soure e nove em Salvaterra. Os 78 acessos foram genotipados com 23 primers ISSR pre-selecionados. Obteve-se 121 produtos amplificados, dos quais 54 foram polimorficos. Os primers mais polimorficos foram UBC 834, UBC 899 e UBC 900. Ja os primers UBC810 e UBC884 nao apresentaram bandas polimorficas. Das 54 marcas, 49 foram selecionadas para as analises geneticas. A AMOVA entre e dentro de progenies identificou baixa diferenciacao genetica (ΦPT = 0,064, P<0,001) com maior diversidade dentro de progenies (96%), bem como baixa diferenciacao genetica entre os locais de coleta (ΦPT = 0,025, P<0,013), com maior diversidade dentro (98%) do que entre locais. O agrupamento pelo metodo UPGMA, com base nas similaridades de Jaccard entre os acessos, nao separou as amostras por progenie ou local de coleta. Recomenda-se que novas coletas de germoplasma considerem maior esforco de coleta em cada local amostrado.
How Corruption is Tolerated in the Greek Public Sector: Toward a Second-Order Theory of Normalization

Secrecy and “social cocooning” are critical mechanisms allowing the normalization of corruption within organizations. Less studied are processes of normalization that occur when corruption is an “open secret. ” Drawing on an empirical study of Greek public-sector organizations, we suggest that a second-order normalization process ensues among non-corrupt onlookers both inside and beyond the organization. What is normalized at this level is not corruption, but its tolerance, which we disaggregate into agent-focused tolerance and structure-focused tolerance. Emphasizing the importance of non-corrupt bystanders, we claim that second-order normalization helps corruption persist in situations where its presence is openly acknowledged. This adds an important new dimension to normalization theory and we unpack its implications for both future research and practice in this area.
Classification of Winter Tourism Destination Attributes According to Three Factor Theory of Customer Satisfaction

ABSTRACT In recent years, the demand for the winter tourism market has increased, and competition among winter tourism destinations has intensified. The competitive advantage of destinations depends on the products. Although it is assumed that there is a linear relationship between product attributes and satisfaction, some studies show that this relationship may not be linear. This research aims to classify destination attributes according to the three-factor theory of customer satisfaction by examining linear and nonlinear effects of winter tourism destination attributes on overall customer satisfaction (OCS). The survey technique was used to collect data, and 551 questionnaires were collected from tourists. The linear relationship between destination attributes and OCS was examined by multivariate regression analysis, and the nonlinear relationship was analyzed by penalty-reward-contrast analysis. According to the linear assumption, tourism elements play a determinant role in OCS, whereas the nonlinear assumption suggests that protection–information and ski support elements are basic factors; tourism elements and skiing elements are performance factors; and price is classified as an excitement factor. The study shows that improving the attributes of products listed as basic factors prevents customer dissatisfaction and increasing the performance of the attributes classified within the excitement factor will positively affect the OCS.
Factors underpinning students' use or non-use of a writing centre

Research has shown that writing centre use has a positive effect on students’ performance of specific writing tasks, as well as their overall academic achievement and progression. Yet many writing centres at higher education institutions around the world report low levels of usage of their services. Surprisingly little empirical research has investigated the reasons for this situation. Focusing on students in an undergraduate marketing module at a South African university, the research reported on in this article explored what factors influenced whether or not students made use of the writing centre, as well as potential strategies for increasing the usage of writing centre services. Thematic analysis of participants’ written responses to open-ended questions indicated that the major reason for non-use of the writing centre related to time. Misunderstandings around the role of the writing centre were also apparent. Participants’ proposed strategies to increase voluntary use of the writing centre included providing evidence of its value to students. The findings offer insight into an overlooked perspective in writing centre research thus far – that of non-users of the service.
Ancient DNA tracks the mainland extinction and island survival of the Tasmanian devil

The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), currently restricted to the island of Tasmania, was found over most of the Australian mainland prior to its extinction ~3,000 years ago. Recent debate has focused on the roles of humans, climate change and dingoes as drivers of the mainland extinction. Determining past genetic diversity and population dynamics of both populations is a fundamental component to understand why the species went extinct on mainland Australia, but survived in Tasmania. Here, we investigate the phylogeography and demographic history of the Tasmanian devil across southern Australia over the last ~30k years.
COMPÓSITOS DE MADEIRA PLÁSTICA/CARGA INORGÂNICA: INFLUÊNCIA DO TIPO DE CARGA

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da influencia da adicao de dois tipos de cargas inorgânicas, a silica (SiO 2 ) e a mica muscovita, na obtencao de compositos com residuos de madeira plastica pos-industrial. Sendo a carga de mica, um produto natural, oriundo de mineracao e a silica, obtida por uma rota de sintese quimica (Metodo Pechini). Os materiais compositos foram obtidos em extrusora dupla-rosca, prensados, para obtencao de filmes planos e posteriormente caracterizados por analises de densidade, dureza Shore D, indice de fluidez (MFI) e microscopia optica. Os resultados indicam que a adicao de ate 10 % de muscovita nao modificou as propriedades da matriz polimerica, entretanto, a adicao de 10 % de silica provocou uma reducao nos valores de densidade, dureza e MFI, o que pode estar relacionado a uma fraca interacao polimero-carga. Pelos espectros de FTIR pode-se inferir que nao ha interacao quimica entre a matriz e as cargas utilizadas.
Spiritual Practice and Management Education Pedagogy: Exploring the Philosophical Foundations of Three Spiritual Traditions

Can the philosophical foundations of spiritual practices inform management education pedagogy and in the long-run support emotional development and more ethical and responsible business practice? In this article, we introduce the essential aspects of three different spiritual traditions—Daoist inner work, Buddhist mindful reflexivity, and Quaker discernment—and lay out some foundations between these essential aspects and management education pedagogy. We offer examples of utilizing these concepts in teaching business ethics in order to offer a foundational discussion for future elaboration. Our experiences also illuminate that instructor preparation is a key ingredient if the kinds of teaching we advance are to gain traction and contribute to the repeated calls for pedagogical innovations that challenge dominant paradigms. We offer some concluding remarks, pathways for future research and indicate a list of resources that can support potential instructors.
A Fisher-eye lens on social work reform

Summary Mark Fisher’s Capitalist Realism, published in 2009, has been recognised as one of the most important contributions chronicling the rise, application and consequences of neoliberalism. However, Fisher’s ideas have until now only garnered passing mention in the study of neoliberalism in children and families social work in England, despite there being extensive research, argument and publication on the subject more broadly. This article attempts to rectify this gap and apply Fisher’s theory to the recent reforms in children and families social work in England. Findings The article applies Fisher’s commentary on the co-option of language, invoking crisis, bureaucracy and proposing change to implement no change, to the reforms in children and families social work that began with the implementation of Reclaiming Social Work in 2008. Since that time, the original architects of Reclaiming Social Work have gained significant positions of power and influence and been instrumental in introducing neoliberal reforms throughout children and families social work in England. Applications Through applying the approach and concepts of Mark Fisher, this article concludes that it is possible to determine that the current reforms are, at their core, neoliberal in nature and driven by an ideological imperative to transform children and families social work in England into a neoliberal edifice, with less public sector and state input and oversight and an increase in the influence of ‘not-for-profits’, charities and international for-profit consultancies.
(Dis)orientation and Design Preferences Within an Unfamiliar Care Environment: A Content Analysis of Older Adults’ Qualitative Reports After Route Learning

Ensuring that environments are designed to cater for those with decreasing orientation, perceptual and mobility skills, is an example of how environments are being changed to become more age and dementia friendly. However, environmental design should directly involve potential users of the environment to ensure that their views are accounted for. Four open-ended questions, focusing on orientation strategies, reasons for disorientation, and design preferences, were given to 32 older adults after they had completed a route learning task through an unfamiliar environment. A Content Analysis found a strong focus on participants’ ability to memorize routes based on verbally encoding the route and on their ability to remember landmarks, with the reports linking closely to cognitive theories of navigation. Design suggestions included the importance of a homely and welcoming environment, memorable features, and access to the outdoors. The findings can be used inform age and dementia friendly design principles.
Physicochemical and Sensory Quality Properties of Vinegar Produced by Traditional Method from Persian Mazafati Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

In this study, some physical, chemical and sensory quality properties of vinegar produced from Iranian mazafati date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by conventional method were investigated. At the end of the study, brix (°Brix), density (g/cm3) and color (L*, a*, b*) values were determined to be 3.63±0.07, 1.014±0.05, L* (27.50±0.87), a* (1.58±0.29) and b* (1.61±0.17), respectively. Furthermore, it was determined that the mean conductivity value was 4.92±0.04 μS/cm, pH was 3.44±0.05 and total acidity was 11.88±0.12 g/L. The total antioxidant and total phenolic content values of the samples were determined to be 103.42±6.43 μg trolox equivalent (TE)/mL and 231.37±44.44 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L, respectively. Nevertheless, the presence of alcohol was not detected in any of the samples after six months of storage. The mineral material contents of date vinegar samples were determined as K (163.25±0.67 ppm), P (39.43±0.50 ppm), Na (31.68±0.08 ppm) and Ca (9.63±0.18 ppm), respectively. The sensory analysis scores of the samples were given by the panelists as follows: color (6.75±0.35), aroma (5.25±0.41), odor (3.75±0.27), appearance (6.75±0.15) and general appreciation (6.45±0.52). Carotenoids, phytosterols, B-group vitamins, and phosphorus in the composition of date vinegar produced by conventional method are known to be extremely useful components for human health. Furthermore, it is considered that date vinegar can be useful for the prevention of various diseases (cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant properties, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases) due to bioactive components it contains.
Regional Densities of Cooperation: Are There Measurable Effects on Regional Development?

Almost three decades ago, a paradigm change in funding policies for rural regions became effective in Europe and Germany, involving a move towards cooperative, actor-oriented regional development. However, little research has been published on the extent to which funding approaches intended to activate cooperation have led to regional-economic effects in the regions. This paper presents a countrywide statistical evaluation of the link between the deployment of funding programmes and established regional development indicators. The investigation is based on the analysis of 27 funding programmes, pilot projects and competitions from five policy fields, covering the period from 1991 to 2016. Its analyses are founded on the largest database of regional-development programmes implemented in Germany and the first attempt to detect cumulative effects of a large number of programmes over a long period. Further research in this direction should first gather detailed information on the scope of funding programmes in the regions.