Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Sex by various Morphometric Traits of Clavicle in the population of Central India (Bhopal region)

Background: Identification is the determination of the individuality of a person based on certain physical characteristics. The clavicle is one of the bones which is less explored but has drawn considerable interest in this field, particularly concerning sexual dimorphism. Aim& Objectives: The present study evaluates the existence of sexual dimorphism based on various morphometric parameters of the clavicle in a dry sample and identifies the best predictor amongst these. Materials & Methodology: The study was conducted in the mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal on 100 random cases (50 males;50 females) in which medico-legal post-mortem examination was done. After taking due consent, clavicle bone of deceased between25 to 60 years age group were collected during the autopsy, dried and then examined for the study. Measurements were carried out and statistically compared to evaluate sexual dimorphism. The studied parameters include Maximum length of clavicle, Breadth of sternal end, Breadth and Length of acromial end, Area of acromial surface and Mid clavicular circumference. Observations & Results: Amongst all the parameters, Maximum length of clavicle and Mid clavicular circumference are the most reliable parameters for sexual dimorphism with 81% accuracy rate when considered together. If all the morphometric parameters are taken together then the sex can be determined with 87% accuracy. Conclusion: Sexual dimorphism exists in clavicle and all the measured parameters contribute to different sex individually and with 87% accuracy when taken together. The derived discriminant function equations can be used to correctly assign the bones to the proper sex.
Temperature Sensitivity of CO2 and CH4 Fluxes from Coarse Woody Debris in Northern Boreal Forests

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are recognized as the main greenhouse gases causing climate warming. In forest ecosystems, the death of trees leads to the formation of coarse woody debris (CWD) that is one of the sources of greenhouse gas emissions due to wood decomposition. We quantified the CO2 and CH4 fluxes from CWD of larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.)) and birch (Betula tortuosa Ledeb.) collected in the northern boreal forests of Central Siberia. The CWD samples were incubated at +5, +15 and +25 °C. The CO2 and CH4 fluxes showed strong correlations with temperature, moisture, decomposition stage and the type of wood’s rot. The temperature coefficient Q10 indicated higher temperature sensitivity of CO2 flux within the temperature interval from +5 to +15 °C than from +15 to +25 °C. Methane flux had higher temperature sensitivity within the interval from +15 to +25 °C. It was found that, in boreal forests, CWD of early decay stage can serve as a source of methane to the atmosphere when air temperatures increased above +15 °C. Strong positive correlation between CH4 production and CO2 emission indicated a biological source and supported findings on aerobic origin of the main process contributing to the CH4 flux from decomposing CWD.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Health of the General and More Vulnerable Population and Its Determinants: Health Care and Social Survey–ESSOC, Study Protocol

This manuscript describes the rationale and protocol of a real-world data (RWD) study entitled Health Care and Social Survey (ESSOC, Encuesta Sanitaria y Social). The study’s objective is to determine the magnitude, characteristics, and evolution of the COVID-19 impact on overall health as well as the socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioural, occupational, environmental, and clinical determinants of both the general and more vulnerable population. The study integrates observational data collected through a survey using a probabilistic, overlapping panel design, and data from clinical, epidemiological, demographic, and environmental registries. The data will be analysed using advanced statistical, sampling, and machine learning techniques. The study is based on several measurements obtained from three random samples of the Andalusian (Spain) population: general population aged 16 years and over, residents in disadvantaged areas, and people over the age of 55. Given the current characteristics of this pandemic and its future repercussions, this project will generate relevant information on a regular basis, commencing from the beginning of the State of Alarm. It will also establish institutional alliances of great social value, explore and apply powerful and novel methodologies, and produce large, integrated, high-quality and open-access databases. The information described here will be vital for health systems in order to design tailor-made interventions aimed at improving the health care, health, and quality of life of the populations most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Empirical Analysis on Corporate Transparency, Competitive Advantage, and Performance: An Insight of Muscat Securities Market

Transparency is a business enterprise’s most significant untapped competitive benefit (Gorsht, 2014), defined as the lack of unseen information (Kirby, 2012). It is no longer a choice but a necessity in the 21 century (Gek, Lok, 2019). A company’s transparency strategy is designed to improve its financial standing (Soppe, Zijl & Bos, 2010; Chiang & He, 2003; Mitton, 2002; Diamond & Verrecchia, 1991). Commercial transparency increases customer pride or value, client enchantment, and competitive position, i.e., transparent agencies are coveted by clients, while those that are less transparent are not (Singh, Islam, Ahmed & Amran, 2019; Schulte, Rottke & Pitschke, 2005). A study investigates the latest growths in the competition concept such as Resource Advantage (Hunt & Morgan, 1995). Recognizing the importance of company transparency and aggressive advantage, it is critical to elucidate whether or not transparency practices are linked with performance in the Omani context. Company transparency is essential to competitive advantage and performance (Hao, Ahmed, Singh, & Amran, 2019). It also increases job satisfaction among employees (Zakutnia, 2017). Balmer and Gray (1999) demonstrated the value of company communication and how it facilitates competitive advantage. Corporate transparency acts as a subset of company communication, while competitive advantage is reflected in an organization's ability to create and compete, culminating in corporate profitability (Zainul, Astuti, Arifin, & Utami, 2016; Zakutnia, 2017). Generally, corporate transparency is risk-prone (Eldomiaty, 2009). There are organizational risks tied to corporate performance and competitive advantage, linked to non-company employees. For example, some industrial companies in Oman and the Arabian Gulf face risks and pressures brought on by the environment (Alabdullah, Ahmed, & Ahmed, 2021; Hashim, Ries, & Huai, 2019; Gek, Lok, 2019). The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of corporate transparency (Corporate and Strategic Information, Financial and Capital Market Information, ForwardLooking Information, Corporate Social Responsibility Information) on Omani companies performance in light of competitive advantage; especially publicly listed firms in Muscat Securities Market (MSM) with reported decreased transparency and performance.
Pragmatism in IR: The Prospects for Substantive Theorizing

The contributors to this forum all draw significantly from pragmatist philosophy and social theory for making sense of international politics. Collectively, we affirm the value of pragmatist work beyond metatheory and methodology, both politically and epistemically—that is, as both a moral project and an explanatory one. Indeed, we are especially united on the notion that pragmatism “bridges” the divide between these things, and several contributors focus their discussion on how. However, we differ in what exactly it means to offer a distinctly pragmatist explanation or a “substantive” pragmatist theory, as well as in how pragmatism allows us to navigate the analytical and ethical challenges of the field. Over ten years ago, an earlier forum in this journal helped establish that pragmatism had something to offer; with over a decade of scholarship and reflection since, we revisit and expand on the question of how to deliver on it.
Assessing the Transformability of Public Housing through BIM

Public residential buildings make a large portion of the European existing stock and they quite often require deep renovation interventions. A methodology for setting priorities and targeting regeneration investments should be defined relying on the increasing use of building information modelling (BIM) tools even for managing existing buildings. The aim of this paper is to integrate the evaluation process into BIM Revit software developing a specific plug-in, a Decision support system (DSS) that will help to identify the most appropriate flats to be transformed. It is based on measuring three indicators: Usability, Fragmentation, and Constructive Modifiability. Through their weighted average it is possible to obtain a final transformability score. The proposed approach has been tested on a case study chosen within the 1st P.E. E.P. (1st public plan for council and affordable housing) that has been approved in Rome in 1964. The results demonstrate that the transformability of apartments is related mainly to the Constructive Modifiability indicator and buildings with reinforced concrete frames show higher scores. A widespread application of such a methodology on large real estate portfolio may lead stakeholders involved in housing management investments in clear choices related to maintenance of buildings.
Optimum Curvature Characteristics of Body/Caudal Fin Locomotion

Fish propelled by body and/or caudal fin (BCF) locomotion can achieve high-efficiency and high-speed swimming performance, by changing their body motion to interact with external fluids. This flexural body motion can be prescribed through its curvature profile. This work indicates that when the fish swims with high efficiency, the curvature amplitude reaches a maximum at the caudal peduncle. In the case of high-speed swimming, the curvature amplitude shows three maxima on the entire body length. It is also demonstrated that, when the Reynolds number is in the range of 104–106, the swimming speed, stride length, and Cost of Transport (COT) are all positively correlated with the tail-beat frequency. A sensitivity analysis of curvature amplitude explains which locations change the most when the fish switches from the high-efficiency swimming mode to the high-speed swimming mode. The comparison among three kinds of BCF fish shows that the optimal swimming performance of thunniform fish is almost the same as that of carangiform fish, while it is better not to neglect the reaction force acting on an anguilliform fish. This study provides a reference for curvature control of bionic fish in a future time.
Distance Breeds Alienation: Perceived Ideological Distance Lowers Students’ Evaluations of Their Professors

Abstract Teaching social sciences frequently involves politically and ideologically fraught issues. This study examines the effect of students’ perceived ideological distance from their professors on their academic experience, drawing on a survey of 1,257 students from Social Science and Law faculties in Israel across five different universities. Congruent with previous findings from the US, the study’s results demonstrate that perceived ideological distance lowers students’ evaluations of their professors’ commitment to their success. Implications of the findings are discussed with reference to the current underrepresentation of right-wing and conservative academics in the social sciences.
Production of a Protein Supplement from Soymilk Residues by Combined Use of Enzymes and Microorganisms

The effects of soymilk residues solubilization by cellulase, protease, koji and yeast were investigated on dry matter and protein yields, amino acid and organic acid contents. Co-treatment of soymilk residues by cellulase and protease gave high dry matter yield and protein yield. Koji treatment followed by yeast fermentation was effective for increasing organic acid content and producing soy sauce-like taste and odor. Organic acid content of fermented hydrolysates was improved by cellulase treatment. Protease treatment rather than koji treatment gave high amino acid content, and cellulase treatment seemed to have little effect on increasing free amino acid content. In sensory evaluation, koji-treated hydrolysate showed higher overall acceptance than other hydrolysates, however it showed lower overall acceptance than commercial fermented soy sauce.
Inspiriting Innovation: The Effects of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) on Innovative Behavior as Mediated by Mindfulness and Work Engagement

Continuous innovation has become a key to gaining a sustainable competitive advantage for organizations in the 21st century. By focusing on the underlying mechanisms (i.e., mindfulness and work engagement) by which it works, this study addresses the quality of leader–member relationships and their relevance for innovation in the workplace. Using a sample of 210 employees from 17 Spanish companies, a two-wave longitudinal design evaluated the mediational roles of mindfulness and engagement between leader–member exchange (LMX) quality and innovative work behavior (IWB) in an organizational context. Over the course of a year, two questionnaires were administered to measure LMX quality, mindfulness, engagement, and IWB. Results from structural equation modeling provided support for the hypothesized double-mediation model with a significant full double mediation. Findings suggested that mindfulness and engagement could be characteristic mechanisms of high-quality LMX that helps to facilitate innovation. Practical implications include its creative value in gaining a competitive edge over market competitors and helping organizations to find a sustainable source for their consistent growth through their human capital and innovative potential.
CAUSES OF EARLY SCHOOL LEAVING AND PREVENTION MEASURES: SCHOOL DIRECTORS’ INSIGHTS

The following study explores the phenomenon of early school leaving and related prevention strategies, focusing on the region of Crete, an island in Greece which has high early school leaving rates. This is a qualitative research focused on the opinions and attitudes of the elementary and secondary school units’ directors. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted, showing the interviewees’ opinions about the reasons students leave school in this specific district, the applied prevention measures, and their evaluation. It is noted that the frequency of early school leaving in the local high schools and lyceums is high, while in the elementary schools it is low, which is mainly caused by the students’ decision to enter the job market, help their family agricultural business, and create a family of their own or get married -especially the female students. Furthermore, participants state that they apply certain prevention measures, which include regular communication with the close family circle and with students at risk. Finally, they state that the effectiveness of the measures implemented depends - to a large extent - on the funding provided to schools, mainly as recruitment of specialized staff. Article visualizations:
Assessment of the Burnout Level in Health Care Worker During COVD 19

Background: Health care workers are considered the first and real repelling line in the face of the COVID19pandemic, and therefore they have an increased workload, and stress. Understanding risk for burnout iscritical to supporting health workers and maintaining the quality of healthcare during the pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional study design could be used to assessment the level of burnout during COVID19. Included 1000 samples as a healthcare worker involved in the study by used of convenience samplingtechnic , The study has been carried out in Iraqi, conducted throughout the period of April 15th, to July 19th,2020. A self-administered questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Service Survey were usedto collect data.Results: Overall, burnout were high level among 59.9 % of the participants in the study. High workloadand intention to leave were associated with burnout at statistically significant (P<0.05), and high significantrelationship between demographic characteristics (age, gender, level of education, job title, work place ) andlevel of burnout (P<0.05). Conclusions: The high level of burnout identified among health workers is mainly related to the highworkload and psychological stress fronting them during COVID 19, as well as the lack of personal equipmentnecessary to protect themselves from this epidemic.
Advanced Methods of Thermal Petrophysics as a Means to Reduce Uncertainties during Thermal EOR Modeling of Unconventional Reservoirs

Within the vast category of unconventional resources, heavy oils play an essential role as related resources are abundant throughout the world and the amount of oil produced using thermal methods is significant. Simulators for thermo–hydro–dynamic modeling, as a mandatory tool in oilfield development, are continuously improving. However, the present paper shows that software capabilities for the integration of data on the rock thermal properties necessary for modeling are limited, outdated in some aspects, and require revision. In this paper, it is demonstrated that a characteristic lack of reliable data on rock thermal properties also leads to significant errors in the parameters characterizing oil recovery efficiency. A set of advanced methods and equipment for obtaining reliable data on thermal properties is presented, and a new, vast set of experimental data on formation thermal properties obtained from the Karabikulovskoye heavy oil field (Russia) is described. The time-dependent results of modeling oil recovery at the field segment using the steam-assisted gravity drainage method with both published and new data are discussed. It is shown that the lack of experimental data leads to significant errors in the evaluation of the cumulative oil production (up to 20%) and the cumulative steam/oil ratio (up to 52%).
Information Use and the Condorcet Jury Theorem

Using a simple model of a coordination game, this paper explores how the information use of individuals affects an optimal committee size. Although enlarging the committee promotes information aggregation, it also stimulates the members’ coordination motive and distorts their voting behavior through higher-order beliefs. On the determination of a finite optimal committee size, the direction and degree of strategic interactions matter. When the strategic complementarity among members is strong, a finite optimal committee size exists. In contrast, it does not exist under strategic substitution. This mechanism is applied to the design of monetary policy committees in a New Keynesian model in which a committee conducts monetary policy under imperfect information.
Comparative Efficacy of Fractional CO2 Laser and Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser in Combination Therapy with Tranexamic Acid in Refractory Melasma: Results of a Prospective Clinical Trial

Melasma manifests as hyperpigmented macules and patches, usually affecting the face, neck, and rarely upper limbs. This study evaluated comparative efficacy of a fractional CO2 laser with a Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser in combination therapy with tranexamic acid in refractory melasma. A total of 30 patients with refractory melasma were included in this study. The fractional CO2 laser (power: 30 w, pulse energy: 30 mJ, tip type: 300, pulse rate: 100/cm2) was used on one side of the patients’ face and three passes of the Q-Switched Nd:YAG (QSNY) laser (Wavelength: 1064 nm, pulse energy: 750 mJ, fluence: 1.50 J/cm2, spot size: 4 mm × 4 mm, hand piece: fractional) were used on the opposite side of the same patient’s face for six sessions. During the course of laser therapy, all patients received oral tranexamic acid 250 mg twice daily. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) score and physician’s satisfaction and patient’s satisfaction were analyzed. Thirty patients (mean age 39.97) were included. Patient global assessment (PtGA) in the fractional CO2 laser group was significantly better than the Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser group at 4th, 8th and 12th weeks (p-value < 0.001). According to PtGA, the improvement was significant in both groups over time. Physician global assessment (PGA) at the 8th and 12th weeks, and physician satisfaction (PS) at the 8th week, in the fractional CO2 laser group was significantly better than the Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser group (p-value < 0.05). The PGA in both groups significantly reduced over time. The MASI score significantly decreased in both groups over time. The MASI score in the fractional CO2 laser group decreased more than the Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser group over time (p < 0.001). The most common side effects reported were erythema and discomfort, which subsided in less than 24 h. A fractional CO2 laser with oral tranexamic acid is an effective and well tolerated therapeutic method for the treatment of patients with refractory melasma.
Effect of flour types and flour concentrations on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of an indigenous senescent plantain cake (ofam)

Ofam is a Ghanaian indigenous cakelike product made mainly from senescent plantain and local flours from cereal, grain and/or tuber sources. The effect of three flour types (steeped corn flour (SCF), roasted corn flour (RCF) and kokonte flour (KF)) and flour concentrations (20, 17.5, 15, 12.5 and 10%) on the physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptability ofam was investigated. Parameters such as moisture, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), viscosity, colour and texture profile were measured using standard methods. A 50-member untrained panelist was used to conduct a sensory acceptability test using a 9-point hedonic scale. Ofam batter were characterised by high moisture content (ranging from 52.7 to 55.1%), pH (ranging from 5.4 to 5.5), TSS (ranging from 2.30 to 2.62) and a dark colouration (L-value ranging from 30.39 to 45.55). The flour type and concentration affected the viscosity of the batter which also influenced the hardness of ofam. RCF ofam was the hardest (1541.49 g Force) while KF ofam was the softest (966.79 g Force). Generally, RCF ofam was the most preferred (7.0) whilst KF of was the least preferred (6.68). Also, ofam with flour inclusion of 15% was also the most preferred (7.89) while products with 20% flour inclusion were the least preferred (6.47). This would form the basis for the standardisation of the product and formulation of a convenient powder mix suitable for ofam. Key words: Senescent plantain, ofam, batter, physicochemical, sensory.