Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of freeze-shocked mesophilic lactic starter bacteria and adjunct lactobacilli on the rate of ripening Gouda cheese and

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the sensory attributes, ripening time, and composition of Gouda cheese and to investigate the survival of L. acidophilus during ripening. Five types of Gouda cheeses, control cheese (Tc), made with with mesophilic lactic starter bacteria, Ta1, Ta2 , Tb1 and Tb2 cheeses made using modified mesophilic lactic starter bacteria by freeze–shocked at -10C/20C for 24 , 96 hrs and probiotic Lactobacillus, as adjunct culture. Cheese samples were assessed for microbiological and compositional properties, proteolysis, and sensory evaluation at different ripening stages. The composition and the pH value were almost identical between control and experimental vats within a single trial cheese. Characterization of proteolysis of gel electrophoresis of cheese samples at various stages of ripening showed that the extent of casein degradation varied between samples in all cheeses, α S1 -Casein was more extensively degraded than ß-casein. However, levels of soluble nitrogen (SN/TN) increased with ripening period for all cheeses, only moderate enhancement of proteolysis as in amino acid –N in all trials. The formation of non protein nitrogen (NPN/TN) was slightly increased compared to control at the end of ripening. Organoleptic evaluation showed that probiotic cheese had higher sensory evaluation than control cheese, without probiotic strain. The population of Lactobacillus survived to numbers > 10 cfu/g, which is necessary for positive effects on health. These results showed that the contribution of modified mesophilic lactic starter bacteria by freeze–shocked and probiotic strain as adjunct culture can be successfully used in production of Gouda cheese. [El-Sayed El-Tanboly, Mahmoud El-Hofi, Y. B. Youssef, Wahed El-Desoki, and Reda A. Jalil. Influence of freezeshocked mesophilic lactic starter bacteria and adjunct lactobacilli on the rate of ripening Gouda cheese and flavor development. Journal of American Science 2010;6(11):465-471]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
A comparative study of cognitive function by using MOCA score and functional physical activity by using 6 minute walk test among elderly diabetic and non-diabetic

Introduction and Objective: The prevalence and incidence of DM increase with aging.DM is associated with increased risk for mild cognitive impairment in elderly and have low exercise capacity in higher age, so it necessitates this study. The objective was to assess, compare and correlate MOCA score and 6 minute walk distance among elderly diabetic and elderly non diabetics. Materials and Methods: This study included 50 cases and 50 controls who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria . Both cases and control were asked to perform the 6 minute walk test according to American thoracic society guidelines and distance walked in 6 minutes is noted in meters and they were asked to answer some written and oral questionnaire using Montreal cognitive assessment score (MOCA) and score obtained were noted. The distance walked is compared among diabetic and non diabetic elderly by independent ‘t’ test and MOCA score are compared among diabetic and non diabetic elderly using chi square test. Results: The result showed that there is no statistical significant difference in cognitive function assessment by using MOCA score among diabetic and non diabetic elderly (using chi square test, p value =0.41). There is statistical significant difference (with p value < 0.001) in distance walked in 6 min walk test among diabetic and non diabetic elderly. There is no significant correlation between MOCA score and 6 min walk test among the both groups. Conclusion: The cognitive function test by MOCA score is not correlated with the functional physical activity among diabetic and non diabetic elderly population.
Metabolic Disposition of [14C] Ulipristal Acetate in Healthy Premenopausal Women

Materials and Methods: The single dose study allocated 5 healthy women of reproductive age to receive a single radio labelled dose of 20 mg (59 μCi) UPA. After dosing, blood, plasma, urine and faecal samples were collected for up to 11 days and analysed for concentrations of radioactivity. UPA metabolite profiles in plasma were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with radioactivity flow detection; metabolite structures were confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Effect of Education on Nurses’ Knowledge about and Attitude toward Nursing Ethics Codes in south east of Iran

Background: Nurses encounter certain ethical problems when they take care of patients; therefore one of the most important issues in the nursing education is to learn ethical principles. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effects of nursing ethics codes education on nurses’ knowledge and attitude toward ethics issues at hospitals in South east of Iran. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 88 nurses were selected using the clustering sampling method in 2013. They were allocated randomly into experimental and control groups (n= 44). The experimental group received a hand book about guidelines to nursing ethics codes. Before and after the intervention data were collected through a questionnaire containing three parts (participants’ demographics, knowledge and attitudes about nursing ethics codes). Results: The educational program caused a significant increase in the knowledge (P< 0.001) and attitude (p<0.001) of experimental group towards the nursing ethics codes. Also there was statistically significant correlation between years of work experience and attitude mean score after training (r= 0.27, P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended that the nursing managers and planners pay more attention to teaching the ethics codes as one of the basic parts of nursing education in order that development and improvement of the nurses' knowledge and attitudes of ethics codes enhance the quality of nursing care.
A STUDY OF MACHINE TRANSLATION METHODS AND THEIR CHALLENGES

Machine Translation methods are different and each has its own benefits and drawback. No translation tools can generate an exact version of source language but gives gist of information which can utilize to find the type of information contained n the source text. Sometimes, it is necessary to perform post-editing by in-house linguistic after generating translation output with translation engine. This work explains various approaches used in machine translation process such as Dictionary based, Rule based, Corpus Based and Hybrid Translation methods. This paper concludes with the assumption that no perfect translation systems exist, even though Hybrid method is better than that of all available methods because it combines the advantages of various translation methods.
A STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION OF NEONATAL JAUNDICE DUE TO BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY

To study distribution of neonatal jaundice due to blood group incompatibility especially focusing on blood group irregular antibodies. Settings and design: 50 cases of neonatal pathological jaundice from Feb 2010 to Jan 2012 were studied prospectively which were further evaluated to find the distribution of ABO incompatibility, Rh incompatibility, rare group antibodies & to compare them to find out importance of all the three. ABO and Rh grouping, Antibody screening by Indirect Antihuman globulin test and Antibody identification tests were carried out on mother’s blood sample. ABO and Rh grouping, Direct Anti – human globulin test, Hemoglobin, S. Bilirubin and reticulocyte count were done on neonate’s blood sample. Additional investigations were done in selected cases. Statistical analysis used: Chi square test. The distribution of ABO and Rh incompatibility was equal (18%). Group O in neonates was seen with Rh incompatibility in 12% cases. Out of 9 ABO incompatible cases 5 cases suffered from hemolytic diseases of new born (56%). 22% positivity of DCT in Rh incompatible neonates as compared to 11% in ABO incompatible neonates. 100% positivity of DCT was seen in case of irregular antibodies. One case out of 9 Rh incompatible cases showed positive IAT (11%), none of the ABO incompatible cases showed positive IAT and one case of irregular antibody showed positive IAT (100%). Blood group incompatibility is an important cause of neonatal jaundice. This highlights the importance of routine antenatal antibody screening not just limiting to Rh negative females but in all pregnant females for ABO and irregular antibodies.
Assessment Of The Availability And Utilization Of Icts For Teaching And Learning In Secondary Schools - Case Of A High School In Kwekwe, Zimbabwe.

: This paper looked at the availability of common educational Information communications Technologies (ICTs) in secondary schools, using a high school in Kwekwe, Zimbabwe as a case study. Such technologies include computers, radios, televisions, networks, wireless technologies, interactive boards, internet, email, eLearning applications, video conferencing and projectors, just to mention, but a few. It further assessed whether the available ICTs are being utilized by teachers and students, looking at such usage activities as preparation for lessons, lesson delivery, issuing of assignments, research and communications. The research further identified the factors that are hindering the ICT utilization in these schools, among them lack of power supply, insufficient resources, fear of technology, lack of interest, ICT skills deficiency, higher ICT cost and poor physical infrastructure. The findings were tabulated and analyzed. Recommendations were put forward on how to improve ICT availability and utilization at the school and schools in general for the betterment of teaching and learning. Conclusions were drawn from the findings.
Primary Enrolment and Economic Growth in Nigeria

Over the years, enrolment rates of school-aged chil ren have significantly been declining in spite of g vernment efforts at stimulating school enrolment in Nigeria. It is equally discovered that while primary enrolm ent is nominally increasing, in real terms, it is abysmall y nose-diving. Therefore, this paper examined the i mpact of primary school enrolment on economic growth in Nige ria between 1980 and 2010. The study utilized the Ordinary Least Square estimation techniques to anal yze the empirical model of the study. The findings of the empirical investigation confirm that primary enrolm ent is veritable tools through which appreciable ec onomic growth can be enhanced in Nigeria. The study equall y observed that primary enrolment exhibit a strong predictive power in explaining variation in economi c growth in Nigeria. The paper therefore recommends that there is need for government to adequately and cons cie tiously fund the education sector in the light of weak and sluggish trend of primary enrolment in Nigeria. Eff ective collaboration between the government and pri vate sector is also considered indispensible for the dev elopment of education sector in Nigeria.
Student Perceptions of a New Campus Alcohol Policy: Linking Deterrence and Blame Attribution

How do students make judgments about their future behaviors involving the use of alcohol? The present study advances deterrence theory by introducing elements of attribution theory while examining the perceived deterrent effects of a newly instituted dry policy on a college campus. A phone survey of 508 full-time undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 26 was conducted 1 year following the ban on alcohol. Hypotheses are presented in two models and predict that deterrence (surveillance and enforcement) and blame explain intentions to violate the alcohol policy. These relationships are expected to be mediated by problem attribution and shame and are moderated by gender. Results show that perceived peer surveillance does reduce intentions to violate the policy in the future but formal enforcement does not. Findings further indicate that attributing blame acts to increase the likelihood of experiencing shame, therefore, reducing intentions to violate the alcohol policy. Gender conditioned the effects of surveillance and shame (stronger for females) on future policy violations. Problems that arise from drinking can be understood as another form of attribution that acts to mediate surveillance. Surveillance and blame contribute to the judgment process as students think about violating the alcohol policy, and shame emerges as the key link between deterrence and attribution.
ROLE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN BIOFILM FORMATION BY Pseudomonas ISOLATES

Most chronic infectious which are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy are due to bacterial biofilms. Studies have reported the presence of phenotypic variants within the biofilms, resistant to high concentration of antibiotics. Here, we aim at studying the influence of antibiotics on isolates of Pseudomonas. Pseudomonas is an opportunistic pathogen and causes infection ranging from acute to chronic in immune compromised, cystic fibrosis and also medical device related infections. Disc diffusion assay was performed to assess the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates. Dynamics of biofilm formation was studied by crystal violet assay in the presence and absence of antibiotics to assay the biofilm forming ability of the isolates. Congo red binding assay was used to quantify the mucous producing ability of the isolates. Our results demonstrate : (1) biofilm forming ability of clinical isolates are escalated in presence of sub inhibitory concentration of antibiotics and (2) amongst the clinical strains the mucous producing strains produced biofilms that are more resistant to antimicrobials . In conclusion, we demonstrate the importance of biofilm formation in the clinical scenario as they are one of the prime reasons for antibiotic resistance and persistent infections.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RISK AVERSION AND OVERCONFIDENCE IN INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING

Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2013 Page 497 Abstract Since times immemorable gender differences have existed across countries and cultures and have been researchers’ cynosure in almost every endeavour of human civilisation. Several studies have examined the linkages between gender and behavioural finance biases. Here an attempt is made to look at how gender, risk aversion and overconfidence may affect the investment decision making of the individual investor. The purpose of the research paper is to study possible gender effects on risk aversion and overconfidence in investment decision making. A narrow sample, explicitly 168 respondents conveniently selected were administered a behavioural finance questionnaire comprising nine closed ended questions. Chi-square has been used as a statistical tool for data analysis. The authors have found female are more conservative than their male counterparts in terms of risk aversion. In terms of overconfidence, they could not reach to any conclusion with certainty because research has shown mixed results.
A Survey on: Improved Reliability Using Secure Distributed Deduplication Systems

: For removing replication copies of data we use data deduplication process. As well as it is used in cloud storage to reduce memory space & upload bandwidth only one copy for each file stored in cloud that can be used by number of users. Deduplication process helps to improve storage reliability. One more challenge of privacy for sensitive data also arises when they are outsourced by users to cloud. The aim of this paper is to make the first attempt formalize the idea of distributed reliable deduplication system. In our proposed system we are going to develop new distributed deduplication systems which are highly reliable. In deduplication process data chunks are distributed across multiple cloud servers. The instead of using convergent encryption as in previous deduplication systems we use deterministic secret sharing scheme in distributed storage systems. So that we can achieve the required concepts for security that are data confidentiality and tag consistency. In the proposed security model, Security analysis demonstrates that our deduplication systems are secure.
Impact of Training Practices on Employee Productivity: A Comparative Study

The paper studies the effects of training on employee productivity. This paper provides a review of the current evidence of such a relationship and offers suggestions for further investigation. An extensive review of the literature in terms of research findings from studies that have been trying to measure and understand the impact that individual HR practices like training have on employee productivity across various sectors. The focal point of our review is on training practices and employee productivity and their relationship. In conclusion, we can say that taken as a whole, the research findings are varied. Some studies have found a positive association, some negative and some no association whatsoever. The paper concludes with directions for future research by applying different level of analysis on exploring the impact of training practices on employee productivity. Our comparison and analysis suggest that there definitely exist a relation between these two but the impact and effect of training practices on employee productivity varies for different industry. Keywords-Training; Employee Productivity
Effects of Lycopene on Liver Markers and Glucokinase Activity in Experimentally- induced Diabetes Mellitus Rat Model

The study examined the effects of lycopene on markers of liver function and glucokinase activity in experimentally-induced diabetes mellitus rat model. To accomplish this, experimental diabetes were induced by single intra-peritoneal administration of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg b w) into animals. Diabetic and normal animals were randomized into the following groups: Group I: Normal control rats that received (0.5 mL) of olive oil; Group II: Diabetic control animals that received (0.5 mL) of olive oil); while Group IIIVI received (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of lycopene and 2 mg/kg b w glibenclamide) respectively. All treatments were given orally once daily for four weeks. There was a significant (P < 0.05) and progressive reduction on blood glucose concentration, with nonsignificant (P > 0.05) increase in serum insulin level when compared with diabetic control group. There was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the activity of liver glucokinase enzyme as well as a significant (P < 0.05) decrease on the activities of serum liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) in diabetic animals administered with lycopene when compared with those of diabetic control animals. Following available evidence from our findings, lycopene may be suggested as a promising dietary agent in the management of diabetes and hepato-cellular damage that usually occurs in diabetes mellitus. Received: 25-4-2016 Revised: 20-5-2016 Published: 9-6-2016
A Visual Recognition of Static Hand Gestures in Indian Sign Language based on Kohonen Self-Organizing Map Algorithm

- Indian Sign Language (ISL) or Indo-Pakistani Sign Language is possibly the prevalent sign language variety in South Asia used by at least several hundred deaf signers. It is different in the phonetics, grammar and syntax from other country’s sign languages. Since ISL got standardized only recently, there is very little research work that has happened in ISL recognition. Considering the challenges in ISL gesture recognition, a novel method for recognition of static signs of Indian sign language alphabets and numerals for Human Computer Interaction (HCI) has been proposed in this thesis work. The developed algorithm for the hand gesture recognition system in ISL formulates a vision-based approach, using the Two-Dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform (2D-DCT) for image compression and the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) or Kohonen Self Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) Neural Network for pattern recognition purpose, simulated in MATLAB. To design an efficient and user friendly hand gesture recognition system, a GUI model has been implemented. The main advantage of this algorithm is its high-speed processing capability and low computational requirements, in terms of both speed and memory utilization.
Adaptive Query Rate for Anomaly Detection with SDN

In traditional approach, extracting important features for the application to analyze the anomaly detection problem, introduce significant overhead on the way of switch handling. Furthermore, high volumes of network traffic introduce notable issues that affect the performance and anomaly detection accuracy. Taking advantage of centralized control plane of Software Defined Networking (SDN), the task to handle the flow information is much more simplified programmatically. The accuracy of the measured flow statistic plays important role in anomaly detection. While the use of sampling is capable to lessen the scalability problem of traffic monitoring, the insufficiency of sampled flow statistic may have led to inaccurate detection rate of anomaly. In this paper, we propose an adaptive sampling strategy that is able to provide essential traffic statistics for more accurate anomaly detection in SDN. Our sampling mechanism utilizes the clustering analysis, which is used to classify the attack in the network to determine the severity of monitored traffic. By manipulating the type of service of incoming packet together, these two important parameter formulate our sampling mechanism algorithm. We show experimentally that by putting higher polling frequency on detected anomalous flow, we able to detect network attacks much more accurate.
Study of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Stable COPD

Background: To our knowledge there are very few studies reporting a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAB) in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) patients compared with age and sex matched control subjects. Present study was carried out with the purpose to find the prevalence and relationship of MAB with clinical and physiological parameters in stable COPD patients. Methods: Present study was done on 91 patients of COPD of either sex, aged between 30 to 80 years. A detailed history, physical examination, clinical and radiological examination was done with a view to establish diagnosis and condition made as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. Results: Out of 51 patients, 41(80.39%) were males and 10(19.6%) were females with mean age of 58.48 ± 11.43 years and 58.20 ± 12.89 years respectively. Correlation of urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) values with FEV1% (r = -0.834, p=.001), BODE index (r=0.921, p=0.001), 6 MWD values (r = -0.910, p=0.001), PaO2 (r = -0.938, p=0.001) and mMRC grading (r =0.224, p=0.001) was significant in present study.Conclusion: MAB could be a promising biomarker to identify COPD patients at increased cardiovascular risk.