Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emerging Novel Diagnostic Measure: Prothrombin Fragment 1+2

One potential useful tool for diagnosing thrombosis is the prothrombin fragment 1+2 (PF1+2) that is generated when factor Xa cleaves prothrombin. The realisation that thrombosis plays a critical role in the genesis of vascular diseases has generated growing interest in the relationship between PF1+2 and clinical characteristics. The goal of the current review is to stimulate more translational and clinical research on this topic by offering an up-to-date update on the studies investigating whether PF1+2 measurements may be utilised as a diagnostic technique for vascular disorders. Hence; we performed a comprehensive review to describe the reports of elevated PF1+2 levels in venous thromboembolism, inflammation, cancer, sepsis, acute coronary syndromes, stroke, atrial fibrillation, rheumatoid arthritis, liver and kidney disorders, and in the post-operative period. Systematic searches in the English language were conducted in the Pubmed database. It may also be useful in assessing the efficacy of different treatments, in addition to its potential prognostic and diagnostic value. Although, elevations occur in the presence of overt thrombosis as well as the hypercoagulable state. However, to date, little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of the cut-off level to be employed for the definition of elevations. Therefore, additional research is necessary to develop a non-invasive technique for the evaluation of PF1+2 levels in the laboratory in order to predict prognosis in a variety of vascular disorders. This review comprises the clinical application of PF1+2 in hemorrhagic and cardiovascular diseases.
RMHP_A_280567 1..8

1Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City 221002, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City 221004, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anesthesiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 20031, People’s Republic of China
The diversity and geodynamic significance of Late Cambrian (ca. 500 Ma) felsic anorogenic magmatism in the northern part of the Bohemian Massif: A review based on Sm-Nd isotope and geochemical data

Ca. 500 Ma orthogneisses and bimodal suites are widespread along the northern part of the Bohemian Massif (central European Variscides) and are interpreted to document intense magmatism during a continental break-up episode along the northern periphery of Gondwana. Based on geological setting, and geochemical and isotopic evidence, these felsic igneous rocks record the generation of: (1) magmas of pure or predominantly crustal derivation, represented by minor extrusives and much more voluminous orthogneisses similar to S-type granitoids; (2) subordinate magmas of exclusively mantle origin (ranging from within-plate alkali trachytes to oceanic plagiogranites) corresponding to felsic derivatives of associated basalts; and (3) magmas of hybrid origin, produced either as a result of large degrees of contamination of mantle-derived magmas ascending through the crust, or alternatively, generated by partial melting of mixed sources, such as interlayered sediments and mafic rocks or graywackes containing a juvenile component. The high-temperature dehydration melting process responsible for the generation of the most abundant rock-types necessitated the advection of mantle heat, in a context of continental lithosphere extension, as documented by broadly coeval basaltic magmatism at the scale of the igneous province. The large volumes of felsic magmas generated during the 500-Ma anorogenic event are interpreted to result from the combination of a hot extensional tectonic regime with the widespread availability in the lower crust of fertile lithologies, such as metagraywackes. This in turn reflects the largely undifferentiated nature of the crustal segment accreted some 50–100 m.y. earlier during the Cadomian orogeny.
Diagnostic Accuracy of CT Angiography with Matched Mask Bone Elimination for Detection of Intracranial Aneurysms: Comparison with Digital Subtraction Angiography and 3D Rotational Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our aim was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of multisection CT angiography combined with matched mask bone elimination (CTA-MMBE) for detection of intracranial aneurysms compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and 3D rotational angiography (3DRA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2004 and February 2006, 108 patients who presented with clinically suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage underwent both CTA-MMBE and DSA for diagnosis of an intracranial aneurysm. Two neuroradiologists, independently, evaluated 27 predefined vessel locations in the CTA-MMBE images for the presence of an aneurysm. After consensus, diagnostic accuracy of CTA was calculated per predefined location and per patient. Interobserver agreement was calculated with κ statistics. RESULTS: In 88 patients (81%), 117 aneurysms (82 ruptured, 35 unruptured) were present on DSA. CTA-MMBE detected all ruptured aneurysms except 1. Overall specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CTA-MMBE were 0.99, 0.90, 0.98, and 0.95 per patient and 0.91, 1.00, 0.97, and 0.99 per location, respectively. Sensitivity was 0.99 for aneurysms ≥3 mm and 0.38 for aneurysms <3 mm. Interobserver agreement for aneurysm detection was excellent (κ value of 0.92 per location and 0.80 per patient). CONCLUSION: CTA-MMBE is accurate in detecting intracranial aneurysms in any projection without overprojecting bone. CTA-MMBE has limited sensitivity in detecting very small aneurysms. Our data suggest that DSA and 3DRA can be limited to the vessel harboring the ruptured aneurysm before endovascular treatment, after detection of a ruptured aneurysm with CTA.
ACCEPTANCE TOWARDS COVID-19 VACCINE AMONG ADULTS AGED 18 YEARS AND ABOVE IN MALAYSIA

The COVID-19 immunisation programme may be a potential strategy for containing the pandemic, but its effectiveness depends on the community's acceptance of the vaccine. Decisions regarding vaccine acceptance may be impacted by a variety of circumstances, and individuals may weigh these aspects differently. The objective of this study was to assess the acceptance towards the covid-19 vaccine among Malaysian adults. Adult Malaysians aged 18 and over were enrolled in a cross-sectional online survey. Google Form was used to deliver an online survey that was used to collect data. The bulk of the 403 responders (90.1%) expressed high acceptance levels for the COVID-19 vaccination. Meanwhile the majority showed low hesitance levels towards covid-19 vaccine with 94.8%. The sociodemographic factors have a correlation with vaccine reluctance. The sociodemographic factors of age (p=0.001), education (p=0.001), occupation (p=0.001), and marital status (p=0.032) all significantly correlated with vaccine hesitation. Non-significant factors include gender (p- 0.097) and monthly income (p-0.210). We need to understand the hesitation and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine clearly in order to create evidence-based interventions because there are numerous COVID-19 vaccines being developed and significant vaccination rates are required to attain herd immunity.
Basic characters of soil seed bank and measures of vegetation restoration in rock desertification area in southwest of Guangxi

Soil seed banks had been studied preliminarily with seedling germination in rock desertification mountain land in Longhe Eco-demonstration Area of Pingguo County of Guangxi.The results showed that there were 108 species belonging to 33 families and 81 genera in soil seed banks.These species included 81 herbs,20 shrubs and 7 vines.Seed densities varied from 64.6 to 339.7 grain·m-2 in according to different land utilization types and seasons.Based on effect of soil seed banks on vegetation restoration,the befitting measures of vegetation restoration were put forward,which included natural close hillsides and artificial forestation to accelerate positive succession of vegetation.
Evidence and effects of the sunrise enhancement of the equatorial vertical plasma drift in the F region ionosphere

Recent studies based on the satellite observations demonstrated that the equatorial vertical plasma drift can also enhance near sunrise in a way similar to the prereversal enhancement. However, it is not clear whether the signature of this sunrise enhancement appears in observations with other sounding techniques. In this work, we explore the Jicamarca (12°S, 283.2°E) incoherent scatter radar measurements to present the evidence of sunrise enhancement in vertical plasma drift on 12 May and 10 June 2004, which are under magnetically quiet and solar minimum conditions. The effects of the sunrise enhancement on the ionosphere are, for the first time, investigated by analyzing the ionograms recorded by the Digisonde Portable Sounder at Jicamarca and conducting the Theoretical Ionospheric Model of the Earth in Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The observations showed that, during the sunrise enhancement, the F2 layer peak height is lifted remarkably, and the F2 layer peak density and bottomside electron density tend to decrease compared to the days without sunrise enhancements. The simulations indicated that the sunrise enhancement drift can lift the equatorial ionosphere to higher heights and distort the equatorial electron density profiles. What is more, the simulations display an F3 layer in the equatorial F region during the sunrise enhancement, and a new F2 layer develops at lower altitudes under the jointed control of the usual photochemical and dynamical processes.
Allochthonous salt initiation and advance in the northern Flinders and eastern Willouran ranges, South Australia: Using outcrops to test subsurface-based models from the northern Gulf of Mexico

The northern Flinders Ranges and eastern Willouran Ranges, South Australia, expose Neoproterozoic salt diapirs, salt sheets, and associated growth strata that provide a natural laboratory for testing and refining models of allochthonous salt initiation and emplacement. The diapiric Callanna Group (∼850–800 Ma) comprises a lithologically diverse assemblage of brecciated rocks that were originally interbedded with evaporites that are now absent. Using stereonet analysis to derive three-dimensional information from two-dimensional outcrops of stratal geometries flanking salt diapirs and beneath salt sheets, we evaluate 10 examples of the transition from steep diapirs to salt sheets, 3 of ramp-to-flat geometries, and 2 of flat-to-ramp transitions. Stratal geometries adjacent to feeder diapirs range from a minibasin-scale megaflap to halokinetic drape folds to high-angle truncations and appear to have no relationship to subsequent allochthonous salt development. In all cases, the transition from steep diapirs to salt sheets is abrupt and involved piston-like breakthrough of thin roof strata, which permitted salt to flow laterally. We suggest two models to explain the transition from steep diapirs to subhorizontal salt: (1) salt-top breakout, where salt rise occurs inboard of the salt flank, thereby preserving part of the roof strata beneath the sheet; and (2) salt-edge breakout, where rise occurs at the edge of the diapir with no roof preservation. Lateral emplacement of salt sheets is dependent on the interplay between the rate of salt supply to the front of the sheet and the sediment-accumulation rate. When the ratio of salt-supply rate to sediment-accumulation rate is high to moderate, thrust advance produces base-salt flats and truncation ramps, respectively. Halokinetic folds are absent because the thrust emerges at the base of the sea-floor scarp and mass-transport complexes are rare as a result of relatively low scarp relief. If the ratio is low, pinned inflation leads to drape folding of the top salt and cover into a fold ramp, with occasional slumping of the sheet and its roof and further breakout on thrust or reverse faults. In the shallow-water depositional environments of South Australia, lateral emplacement of salt sheets occurred through some combination of thrust advance, extrusive advance, and open-toed advance, with no evidence for subsalt thrust imbricates, shear zones, or continuous rubble zones. In deep-water environments, such as the northern Gulf of Mexico, thrust imbricates and rubble zones, which represent slumped carapace, are more common. The presence of slumped carapace is caused primarily by higher topographic relief related to thicker hemipelagic roofs, a lack of dissolution, and gravity-driven transport of overburden strata to the toes of large canopies.
Identification of prognostic biomarkers of invasive ductal carcinoma by an integrated bioinformatics approach [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

Background: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common breast cancer worldwide. Nowadays, due to IDC heterogeneity and its high capacity for metastasis, it is necessary to discover novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Thus, this study aimed to identify new prognostic genes of IDC using an integrated bioinformatics approach. Methods: Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we downloaded publicly available data of the whole-genome mRNA expression profile from the first three stages of IDC in two expression profiling datasets, GSE29044 and GSE32291; intra-group data repeatability tests were conducted using Pearson’s correlation test, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the online tool GEO2R, followed by the construction of a protein‑protein interaction network (PPI-net) with the common DEGs identified in the three analyzed stages using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and Cytoscape software, from these PPI-net we identify the hub genes (prognostic genes). Results: We found seven genes [WW Conclusions : Genes identified may lead to the discovery of new prognostic targets and precise therapeutics for IDC.
Re-evaluation of the logistic curve for human populations

The author critically examines the use of the logistic curve as a model for population growth. The reliability of projections of total population obtained using the logistic curve and the component method is compared. Official projections for Great Britain made since 1950 using the component method are evaluated and the logistic curve model is applied to population data for Great Britain the United States and Scotland (ANNOTATION)
Design of static output feedback controller for uncertain systems 1

This paper considers the problem of designing a single static output feedback stabilizing controller for a finite set of linear systems. For this purpose, a set of square (equal number of inputs and outputs) minimum phase systems is considered. Using the notions of quadratic stabilizability, the existence of output feedback controller is derived in terms of the solvability of a set of matrix inequalities. Then the existence of the solution of such inequalities are derived for special class of systems. It is proved that a set of partially commutative or partially normal systems are stabilizable by a single static output feedback controller. These classes of systems are shown to be different from the well-known matched uncertain systems and considered to be new classes of systems. An algorithm is also presented to compute the controller gain. ( 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
PRACTICE NOTES

Abstract Recognizing that effective intervention must include models of treatment that “meet clients where they are,” this paper describes culturally sensitive breast cancer prevention strategies that may be useful for health care providers in an effort to reach a triple-minority population: Black, lesbian women. The strategies are an adapted version of the Witnessing In Tennessee (WIT) model. WIT was developed to increase early detection of breast cancer among Black women. The strategies have been adapted for use among Black, aged, lesbian women. This model provides practitioners with universal techniques that can be used to address various health disparities.
Fast Training of Multi-class Support Vector Machines

We present new decomposition algorithms for training multi-class support vector machines (SVMs), in particular the variants proposed by Lee, Lin, & Wahba (LLW) and Weston & Watkins (WW). Although these two types of machines have desirable theoretical properties, they have been rarely used in practice because efficient training algorithms have been missing. Training is accelerated by considering hypotheses without bias, by second order working set selection, and by using working sets of size two instead of applying sequential minimal optimization (SMO). We derive a new bound for the generalization performance of multi-class SVMs. The bound depends on the sum of target margin violations, which corresponds to the loss function employed in the WW machine. The improved training scheme allows us to perform a thorough empirical comparison of the Crammer & Singer (CS), the WW, and the LLW machine. In our experiments, all machines gave better generalization results than the baseline one-vs-all approach. The two-variable decomposition algorithm outperformed SMO. The LLW SVM performed best in terms of accuracy, at the cost of slower training. The WW SVM led to better generalizing hypotheses compared to the CS machine and did not require longer training times. Thus, we see no reason to prefer the CS variant over the WW SVM.
Evaluation of different formulated post emergence herbicide on the weed control efficiency and performance of transplanted lowland rice (oryza sativa) at Badeggi and Yandev

A field experiment was conducted during the raining season of 2010 at the experimental field of National Cereals Research Institute, Yandev and Badeggi to evaluate post emergence herbicides on control efficiency and performance of transplanted lowland rice. The treatments were Orizo plus at 4 litres per hectare, 2.4 kg propanil plus 375 ml MCPA /ha, 2.4 kg propanil plus 200 ml MCPA/ha, 2.4 kg propanil plus 120 g condax, applied at 3 weeks after planting. 1.6 kg propanil plus 250 ml/ha MCPA was applied at 3 and 5 weeks after planting. Also 240 g condax per hectare was applied at planting and 3 weeks after planting and Butaclor 4 L/ha at planting. Other treatments included hand weeding at 3 and 6 weeks after planting and a weedy check as control. The experiments were laid out in a Complete Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. The variety of rice used was FARO 52 (WITA 4). Application of 2.4 kg propanil plus 375 ml MCPA /ha, 2.4 kg propanil plus 200 ml MCPA/ha drastically reduced both weed density and dry matter at both location throughout the sampling periods. Higher weed control efficiency was also recorded with application of 2.4 kg propanil plus 375 ml MCPA /ha and 2.4 kg propanil plus 200 ml MCPA/ha. Rice yield and yield components were superior with the application of 2.4 kg propanil plus 375 ml MCPA /ha and 2.4 kg propanil plus 200 ml MCPA/ha.
Bat (Chiroptera) activity and community composition in contrasting agricultural landscapes and the adjacent Budongo forest reserve, Uganda

Human activities are causing a biodiversity crisis in all biomes of the Earth. As the world’s population continues to grow, more land will be converted to agricultural land to meet the growing food demands, especially in the tropics where we find the most species rich habitats in the world. Many of these species and ecosystems provide valuable services to the humans living here. To best protect species richness and the people dependent on rural livelihoods in the tropics, two types of managed agricultural landscapes have been suggested: land sparing and land sharing. Land sparing promotes high yield agriculture in order to have as large an area as possible protected, while land sharing is farming a more extensive area of the landscape, but is able to retain more species and ecosystem services by using agricultural methods such as agroforestry. The potential for conservation and retaining ecosystem services in a land sharing or a land sparing type landscape in Uganda is addressed using data about insectivorous bats recorded with Anabat detectors in habitats from sugarcane, home garden and forest in and around Budongo forest, Uganda. Species richness, diversity, activity and species composition were determined for all habitats and used to give a picture of the conservation value of the different habitat types. As found in other studies both agricultural landscape types have a higher species richness and diversity than the forest habitat. But the higher activity and number of species related to the forest gives the home garden landscape better potential for conservation of microbats. Scattered trees and distance to the forest in the sugarcane landscape type does not add any conservation value compared to the sugarcane habitat. This study helps to demonstrate the value of land sharing type agriculture for conserving species richness and retaining ecosystem services.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: The value of single-port totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (STEP) when compared to the conventional multi-port approach (TEP) is still a matter of controversy. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the feasibility and safety of the above-mentioned techniques. Methods: A systematic literature search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the outcome STEP and TEP in patients with inguinal hernia was conducted. Data regarding postoperative outcomes were extracted and compared by metaanalysis. The Odds Ratio and Standardized Mean Differences with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: Six RCTs were identified, involving a total of 636 cases (STEP: n = 328, TEP: n = 308). There was a statistically significant difference noted between the 2 groups regarding return to everyday activities favoring the STEP group (SMD = −0.23; 95% CI [−0.41, −0.06]; P = .01; 4 studies; I2 = 9). For the remaining primary and secondary endpoints, intraand postoperative morbidity, conversion rate, peritoneal tears, major intraoperative bleeding, postoperative haematoseroma, operative time, postoperative pain, chronic pain, cosmetic satisfaction, hernia recurrence and in-hospital length of stay no statistically significant difference was noted between the 2 study groups. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that patients who underwent STEP had similar outcomes to the traditional TEP technique with the exception of time to return to everyday activities, which was reported to be shorter in the STEP group. Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, RCT = randomized controlled trial, SMD = standard mean difference, STEP = single-port totally extraperitoneal hernia repair, TEP = totally extraperitoneal hernia repair.