Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L.) USING SSR MARKERS

The genetic diversity and homogeneity of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) source lines underwent analysis to select the promising parental pairs for hybridization. The 420 individual plants from 21 sugar beet lines served as research materials. A result of the study of polymorphism with nine SSR markers obtained 22 alleles, with an average of 2.4 alleles per marker. The Bvv155 marker emerged as the most useful for detecting the genetic diversity of sugar beet lines and predicting heterosis. Identifying the FDSB1002, FDSB1007, and FDSB957 markers as polymorphic determined the intra-linear heterogeneity of the source material. The analysis of molecular variance showed that in the studied sugar beet samples, the highest variation was prominent among the populations (48%), while heterogeneity within the population was 21%. The genetic distances between pollinator lines and lines with cytoplasmic male sterility ranged by 1.4–3.5 (Euclidean distances) and 0.12–1.0 (Nei’s distances). Distinguishing seven parent pairs of sugar beet attained endorsement for crosses having Nei’s genetic distance of D = 0.81 will create highly productive hybrids. The presented results may play a vital role in developing heterotic hybrids in sugar beet through a practical breeding program.
Study of Tertiary Ichinofossils in Taiwan and Ryukyu Islands

1880年 代の穿孔貝に関する研究に端を発する我 が国の生痕化石に関する研究は図1に 示すように, 1960-1970年 代の古生態学の発展 とともに急速に 進展 し,こ れまで多 くの生痕化石の産出,分 類, 古環境,古 生態,層 序,生 成のプロセス等発展的 に多様な研究成果が公表されて来た(図1)。 我が 国の研究者による近隣諸国,特 に台湾における生 痕化石の研究は(図1左 列),1930年 代の早坂の一 連の生痕に関する研究から考現古生物学(AkutuoPalaeontologie)の 重要性が 主張され た よ うに (早坂,1964),化 石および現生甲殻類や海胆類の 生痕あるいは生態の観察が行なわれ,基 礎的な生 痕化石研究の成果が公表 されてきた。 そして,近 年に至 っては台湾の生痕学者による生痕化石によ る古環境 あるいは堆積学的研究(陳, 1986; 黄, 1988; 洪 ・王, 1988な ど)が なされるようになっ てきた。 本研究は台湾北部の第三系および生痕化石研究 のほとん どなされていなかった琉球列島与那国島 や西表島の中新世中期 の地層か ら共通して産出す る生痕化石,沖 縄本島の古第三紀始新世(嘉陽層) や新第三紀鮮新世(与 那原層,新 里層)の 深海性 生痕化石に注目し,そ の産出について報告し,そ れ らの生物地理的特性および堆積(生 息)環 境の 解明に関する基礎資料としようとするものである。 なお本研究に対 して助成金を交付 して頂いた, 東京地学協会に対 して筆者の深甚なる謝意を表す る次第である。 また,調 査の便宜を計 って頂き, 貴重な御助言を頂いた黄 敦友台湾地質調査所長 に厚 く御礼申し上げる。
Knowledge, Attitude and Perception about Unsafe Sex and teenage Pregnancy: Qualitative study among Adolescent living with HIV/AIDS in Dar es salaam, Tanzania

S 4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 12 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLE 14 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 15 1.1 Background 15 1.2 Tanzania’s country profile 16 1.2.1 Geography of the country 16 Figure 1: Map of Tanzania 18 1.2.2 Culture and politics 18 1.2.3 Economy 19 1.2. 4 Health service system 19 1.2. 5 Health indicators in Tanzania 21 Table 1: Summary table of the demographic indicators 21 1.3 Problem statement 21 1.4 Research questions 23 1.5 Objectives 23 1.5. 1 Broad objective 23 1.5. 2 Specific Objectives 23 1.6 Rationale/ justification of the study 23 1.7 Outline of the Research report 25 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 26 2.1 Definition of adolescents, adolescent pregnancy and unsafe sex 26 2.2 Nature of Adolescent 26 2.3 Status of Adolescent 27 2.3. 1 Adolescent Globally including Sub-Saharan Africa 27 2.3. 2 Adolescent in Tanzania 28
Design and Measurements of Circularly Polarized Millimeter-Wave Phased Array Antenna Using Time Delay Transmission Lines

This paper proposes a cost-effective millimeter-wave (mmWave) phased array antenna incorporating circular polarization (CP) capabilities for beam scanning applications. An initial evaluation involves the examination of an open single-loop antenna. Subsequently, the phased array design is presented, featuring a 4-element circular loop phased array antenna designed to operate at a frequency of 27.5 GHz. The precise control of the main beam steering is achieved through the implementation of a corporate feed network and four-phase shifters employing transmission line time delay techniques. To expand the CP bandwidth, the design incorporates concentric parasitic open-loop antennas. Experimental findings confirm the configuration’s ability to facilitate left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) radiation over a scanning angle span of 50°, specifically ranging from −25° to +25°. This accomplishment aligns with the stringent criteria for maintaining a radiation pattern with an axial ratio (AR) of less than 3 dB across a broad frequency spectrum. Additionally, the design achieves a peak gain of approximately 11 dBic in combination of a total efficiency surpassing 85% throughout the CP bandwidth. In addition, the proposed design offers the advantages of compact size and low cost. Prototypes were fabricated and measured, with results closely matching simulations. Owing to the achieved radiation properties, the proposed design demonstrates a potential for practical applications in satellite and wireless communications systems.
Knowledge of atopic dermatitis and food allergies, as well as health information literacy, among North Korean refugee mothers: a descriptive survey study

Purpose This study investigated knowledge of atopic dermatitis and food allergies, as well as health information literacy, among North Korean refugee mothers with preschool-age children and explored how these variables were related to participants' characteristics. Methods A descriptive study design was used. Data from 130 North Korean refugee mothers were collected between January and March 2023. Results The mean scores were 14.48 of 30 for atopic dermatitis knowledge; 2.77 of 10 for food allergy knowledge, and 56.95 of 80 for health information literacy. Significant differences were observed in knowledge of atopic dermatitis based on breastfeeding duration (F=4.12, p=.009), and in knowledge of food allergies based on mixed feeding (F=3.11, p=.049). Health information literacy showed significant relationships with education level (F=3.76, p=.026), occupation (F=3.99, p=.021), checking nutritional information (t=2.91, p=.004), mixed feeding (F=4.50, p=.014), and atopic dermatitis diagnosis (t=6.86, p=.001). Significant positive correlations were observed between atopic dermatitis knowledge, food allergy knowledge, and health information literacy. Conclusion Personalized educational programs should be implemented to improve awareness of allergies and health information literacy among North Korean refugee mothers, which would help them find, evaluate, and understand health-related information. These programs should focus on providing nutrition and dietary education to promote healthy growth in children and prevent diseases.
Fossil and subfossil primates from the limestone deposits At Taung, Bolt's farm and Witkrans, South Africa

(1) New fossil and subfossil cercopithecoid specimens are described from the limestone deposits at Taung, Bolt's Farm and Witkrans, South Africa. (2) The following first reports are made: (a) Parapapio whitei from Bolt's Farm. (b) PaIapapio whitei from Taung. (c) Papio ursin us from Witkrans. (d) Cercopithecoides williamsi from Bolt's Farm. (3) The following first descriptions are given: (a) PaIapapio whitei male cranium. (b) Parapapio whitei female cranium. (c) Parapapio antiquus male cranium. (4) The morphological and size differences in the male crania of the PaIapapio spp. are described. (5) The affinities of the genus Cercopithecoides to the Colobinae are discussed.
Cognitive control and impulsivity in deficit schizophrenia: neuropsychological and clinical characteristics

Over the years, various concepts concerning the nature of schizophrenia have emerged. One of the proposals put forward in the literature is the division of schizophrenia into its deficit and non-deficit subtypes. Compared to its non-deficit counterpart, the deficit type involves more severe cognitive dysfunctions. Among these, some authors enlist poorer cognitive inhibition and greater impulsivity, although their behavioral correlates still remain unclear. Structural and functional studies of the brain suggest the presence of links between impulsivity and inhibition in schizophrenia, but few studies to date have analyzed cognitive performance within these two domains in patients with the deficit type. In addition, little is known about the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation in reducing cognitive deficits in deficit schizophrenia. Thus, numerous questions in this area seem to warrant further research. In this paper we present clinical and neurobiological correlates of cognitive control and impulsivity against neuropsychological and psychopathological symptomatology of schizophrenia. In addition, we describe selected neuropsychological tools used in the diagnosis thereof. We touch upon potential benefits of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with schizophrenia, especially in terms of self-control. Last but not least, this paper presents an overview of previous research and an attempt to embed them in modern theoretical models of cognitive inhibition and impulsivity, for a better understanding of the nature of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia seems crucial for proper diagnosis and assessment of treatment effects, and in a broader context is important for understanding its effects on quality of life and functioning of patients and their families.
Poverty: Theories, Concepts and Indicators

Knjiga predstavlja jedan od prvih pokusaja znanstvenog proucavanja siromastva u Hrvatskoj te daje vrijedan doprinos izucavanju ovog fenomena kako na teorijskoj tako i na empirijskoj razini. U teorijskom dijelu rada autor analizira brojne pojmove, koncepte, teorije i pristupe siromastvu, nastojeci svoja teorijska promisljanja povezati s izazovima koji stoje pred hrvatskim drustvom. U analizama zauzima kriticki stav, jasno navodeci prednosti i nedostatke pojedinih pristupa i perspektiva. Empirijski dio rada usmjeren je na korisnike opce socijalne pomoci. Autor se bavi problemom socijalne ovisnosti korisnika pomoci i analizira ona socijalna i demografska obilježja koja najvise utjecu na razdoblje primanja pomoci. Također, autor precizno analizira efikasnost transfera socijalne pomoci, služeci se novim postupcima i modelima. Na taj nacin daje metodoloski doprinos cjelovitijem izucavanju siromastva u nas. Dobiveni rezultati mogu biti podloga za pokretanje određenih mjera u borbi protiv siromastva, ali i orijentir koji treba uvažavati prilikom donosenja politickih odluka u podrucju socijalne skrbi i socijalne politike. Rasclanjujuci socijalnu politiku prema siromastvu u zadnjem desetljecu, autor raspravlja o tome kako povecati ucinkovitost transfera socijalne pomoci i smanjiti socijalnu ovisnost pojedinih skupina. U tom smislu on predlaže definiranje službene linije siromastva, uzimajuci u obzir specificnu situaciju hrvatskog drustva, te pokretanje mjera koje ce izvuci iz sustava pomoci najbrojnije skupine korisnika, kao sto su nezaposleni i stari.
Greenland 2012 melt event effects on CryoSat‐2 radar altimetry

CryoSat‐2 data are used to study elevation changes over an area in the interior part of the Greenland Ice Sheet during the extreme melt event in July 2012. The penetration of the radar signal into dry snow depends heavily on the snow stratigraphy, and the rapid formation of refrozen ice layers can bias the surface elevations obtained from radar altimetry. We investigate the change in CryoSat‐2 waveforms and elevation estimates over the melt event and interpret the findings by comparing in situ surface and snow pit observations from the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling Project camp. The investigation shows a major transition of scattering properties around the area, and an apparent elevation increase of 56 ± 26 cm is observed in reprocessed CryoSat‐2 data. We suggest that this jump in elevation can be explained by the formation of a refrozen melt layer that raised the reflective surface, introducing a positive elevation bias.
Macroprudential and Monetary Policy Interactions and Coordination in South Africa: Evidence from Business and Financial Cycle Synchronisation

The article reports on the interactions and possibility of coordination between macroprudential and monetary policies in South Africa, based on business and financial cycles synchronisation. To this end, relying on financial and economic time series indicators spanning the period 2000M01–2018M12, a two-step Markov switching dynamic factor model was adopted for the measurement of composite indices, while both the dynamic conditional correlations and asymmetric generalised dynamic conditional correlations models were adopted for synchronisation analysis, together with the Metcalfe scale of coordination. The empirical evidence obtained is such that, under conditions of financial and real economic stress in South Africa, when there is crisis management rather than crisis prevention, macroprudential policy and monetary policy decisions are complementary. Therefore, there will be limited/no need for coordination between the two policy decisions. However, under normal times when there is crisis prevention rather than management, macroprudential policy and monetary policy decisions are noncomplementary; hence, the greatest degree of coordination is warranted, even though it might not be easy. Therefore, we conclude that it is possible to the coordinate the conduct of macroprudential, and monetary policies based on the synchronicity of business and financial cycles.
Disability, poverty and education: perceived barriers and (dis)connections in rural Guatemala

This paper engages with the impacts of disability on the formal education of disabled people in poor rural areas. Reporting on qualitative ethnographic work in Guatemala, adults with a physical impairment provided retrospective accounts of their educational trajectories. Findings highlight multidimensional and dynamic barriers to education confronted by all poor people, but which often intensified for disabled people. These met a host of disability-specific barriers cutting across social, physical, economic, political and personal spheres. Findings report how in the face of more persistent basic needs and costs, education had a high opportunity cost, and often could not be sustained. Disabled parents also came to prioritise the education of their children translating into limited or no school re-entry for these parents. The paper concludes that engagement with temporal and context specific (but fluid) spaces of poverty is necessary, because it is within these spaces that disability and education are constructed and lived, and within and through which barriers emerge. Cross-sectoral efforts are needed, addressing educational barriers for all poor people indiscriminately, while targeting families to remove obstacles to other basic needs competing with education. Critically, efforts are needed to ensure that educational outcomes are linked to immediate contributions to the family economy and welfare through work.
Production of Single-Cell Oil from a Local Isolate Bacillus subtilis Using Palm Fronds

This study, conducted at the Department of Biology, University of Anbar, Iraq, focuses on addressing the escalating issue of contamination and aims to acquire microbial oils to alleviate the global shortage in plant and animal oil production, utilizing environmental waste as a carbon source to reduce global pollution and select efficient local bacterial isolates of Bacillus subtilis for the production of single-cell oil (SCO) using local soil and environmental waste as a carbon source. Four isolates were selected as the best in producing single-cell oil, with the isolate with code C4 standing out as it recorded the highest production. It is worth noting that all these isolates belong to the bacteria type Bacillus subtilis. Palm fronds were found to be the most suitable environmental residue for SCO production compared to other waste materials (wheat straw and wheat bran). Submerged cultures were used to improve SCO production, with optimal conditions determined as pH 7, a temperature of 30°C, carbon source concentration of 3 g/100 ml, inoculum volume of 3 ml/100 ml, inoculum density of 20 × 107 cells, and an incubation period of 72 hours. The Soxhlet extraction method was used to obtain the oil, which was found to contain high percentages of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid (46.030%) and palmitoleic acid (16.579%). The oil was highly soluble in chloroform and ethanol but insoluble in water. The saponification test indicated the potential for soap production from the oil. This comprehensive research addresses the need for locally sourced and sustainable SCO production, offering insights into the selection of efficient bacterial isolates, the optimization of cultivation conditions, and the valuable properties of the resulting SCO. The significance of this study lies in the production of single-cell oil from soil-isolated Bacillus subtilis bacteria for use in food applications.
Feasibility of communication platforms to empower transgender cultural competence among human immunodeficiency virus screeners: A qualitative analysis

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screeners have limited experience of interacting with trans people. The application of communication platforms between them to empower HIV screeners’ trans-related cultural competence remains unknown. Objective This study aims to qualitatively explore the follow-up interviews of HIV screeners regarding their opinions on the feasibility of an online platform group discussion and web page to enhance communication between them and trans people and to explore their perspectives on how these components enhanced their promotion of cultural competence. Methods This study was conducted between October 2020 and June 2021. Purposive and snowball sampling were applied to recruit 6 trans persons and 11 HIV screeners. Six online platform group discussions were held on weekday evenings, each group meeting for 60 min, 360 min in total within 3 months, via a video chat room of Google Meet; this was supplemented by a closed web page. The major results were presented through content analysis of the HIV screeners’ follow-up interviews. Results The HIV screeners identified the facilitators of participating in the communication platforms, which included a reminder message, easy-to-use interface, visible–audible and readable interaction, recalled and reviewable content and group belonging; the barriers included time and space limitation, device restrictions and operation problem. Two categories of trans-related cultural competence – trans awareness and action taken – were revealed, from which five major themes emerged: provoked to ask questions, improved cognition, reflection, trans-sensitive communication and self-enhancement. Conclusion The results revealed that the communication platforms could facilitate the mutual and vivid discussion between HIV screeners and trans people and empower the trans-related cultural competence of HIV screeners. The highly feasible intervention design of this research can be applied to digital training courses related to gender diversity issues.
Factors affecting performance excellence in Indonesian state-owned enterprises

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) have a strategic position as architects of public services, balancing large private powers, helping to foster small businesses or cooperatives, and a considerable basis of state revenue in numerous forms of taxes and dividends. For Indonesia to compete in the global market, its economic actors (private sector, SOEs, and cooperatives) must amplify their performance. This paper aims to explore the factors affecting performance excellence in Indonesian SOEs, namely business environment and innovation capability through business strategy. Data were obtained from questionnaires distributed to 100 directors/managers representing SOEs in 12 clusters. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) procedures were operated to evaluate the path coefficients and identify the pivotal factors of each construct using SmartPLS. The results exhibited that the business environment (β = 0.357, p &lt; 0.05) and innovation capability (β = 0.518, p &lt; 0.05) positively and significantly affected Indonesian SOEs’ business strategy. Meanwhile, business environment (β = 0.263, p &lt; 0.05), innovation capability (β = 0.273, p &lt; 0.05), and business strategy (β = 0.459, p &lt; 0.05) positively and significantly affected SOEs performance excellence. Moreover, business strategies can partially mediate the effect of the business environment (β = 0.164, p &lt; 0.05) and innovation capability (β = 0.238, p &lt; 0.05) on performance excellence. An important implication of this study is that to maintain and improve performance excellence, SOEs must first focus on the capability of innovation to initiate the implementation of business strategies by constantly addressing the business environment.
Low optimal fisheries yield creates challenges for sustainability in a climate refugia

Reducing resource depletion and promoting ecosystem‐based management are considered key climate change adaptation policies. Therefore, the resource status of an identified climate refugia in a semi‐enclosed bay on the Kenya–Tanzania border was evaluated for sustainability. Both fisheries stock and catch assessment methods found low production and excess effort. Stock recovery in closures (up to 45 years) determined the best‐fit r and K values, which established a maximum sustainable production (MSY) of 2.98 ± 0.45 (SEM) tons/km2/year. Stock estimates in the bays' fishing grounds indicated that biomass was below the MSY and predicted to produce 1.8 ± 1.0 (SEM) or 1.1 ton/km2/year below the optimal MSY. However, landed fish at five studied fishing villages varied greatly from 0.22 to 2.9 tons/km2/year. MSY in the refugia was therefore considerably lower than estimates in nearby ocean‐exposed locations, which has been estimated at 5–7 tons/km2/year. Therefore, low to modest capture rates of fish will be required to allow the recovery needed to achieve sustainability and restore the refugia's ecology. The refugia's highest stocks and near‐MSY yields were captured in the national reserve. Therefore, broader implementation of the reserve's gear‐restriction policies should restore fisheries. High spatial variability in yield patterns indicate interactions between fisheries management, compliance, trade connections, and governance. In climate refugia, reducing cumulative impacts will require knowing and managing for lower fisheries production limits.
Repeat Kidney Transplantation with Living Donor is as Safe and E�cient as First Transplantation

Background: The number of patients relisted for repeat kidney transplantation is increasing due to prolonged survival after �rst transplantation. This study is designed to compare the outcomes of second living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) with �rst LDKT. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively for 1429 LDKT, performed from 1995 to 2020 at Samsung Medical Center. Demographic data of recipients and donors, immunologic factors, and outcomes of 2nd LDKT were compared to those of 1st LDKT. Results: Among 1429 cases of LDKT, 1355 were 1st LDKT, and 74 were 2nd LDKT. Basic demographic data were comparable for these two groups of patients. The 5-and 10-year graft survival of 1st LDKT were 94% and 84%, respectively, while those of 2nd LDKT were 96% and 86%, showing no signi�cant differences (p = 0.399). The 5-year patient survival of 1st LDKT was 98% and that of 2nd LDKT was 96%, while the respective 10-year survival was 94% and 93%, showing no signi�cant differences (p = 0.766). Multivariate analysis con�rmed that history of previous transplantation was not a risk factor of graft survival (HR 0.83, p = 0.677) or patient survival (HR 1.68, p = 0.396). Conclusions: Therefore, repeat kidney transplantation with living donor is reasonable treatment of choice for patients experiencing graft loss.