Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectivity Photo Story Media Usage In Direct Reading Thinking Activity Methods Towards Ability Understanding Stories Skills of Elementary School Students

This research is motivated by the importance of reading and understanding a reading for elementary school students. The lack of interest in reading and the difficulty in understanding reading effectively in primary school students in Indonesia has an impact on the quality and resources of the community. Specifically, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of photo story media in the method DRTA (Directed Reading Thinking Activity) in improving the ability to understand stories in fifth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Cengal, Japara District, Kuningan Regency. The subjects of this study were 32 grade V students. This research uses a quantitative approach, the method quasi-experimental and the design chosen is "design one group pretest-posttest. Data collection techniques through tests, interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study show that the pattern of learning to read a story is quite good as seen from the data posttest that has fulfilled the KKM, the ability to understand stories in fifth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Cengal before and after using photo story media and the method DRTA has changed, seen from the analysis and processing data pretest and posttest, and the process of learning to read and understand stories has been effectively used in fifth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Cengal.
The phylogeny of the Hydroporinae and classification of the genus Peschetius Guignot, 1942 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

The phylogeny of the Hydroporinae is investigated in a cladistic analysis emphasizing placement of the genus Peschetius Guignot, historically placed in the tribe Hydroporini. Sixty-nine adult and larval morphological characters were coded for 61 species of Hydroporinae representing eight of the nine tribes. Cladistic analysis of the data resulted in 396 most parsimonious cladograms (length = 176, CI = 46, RI = 80). The results indicate that the genus Peschetius is the sister group to the tribe Bidessini based mainly on an unambiguous character, the presence of a prominent internal spermathecal spine, and several other more ambiguous or homoplasious characters. The tribe Bidessini is expanded to include the genus Peschetius, and it is formally transferred from the tribe Hydroporini. Other results indicating interesting relationships of tribes and genera within Hydroporinae are also discussed. Results include; 1) a dramatically paraphyletic Hydroporini with Laccornellus Roughley and Wolfe, Canthyporus Zimmermann and Hydrocolus Roughley and Larson in basal positions within the phylogeny, 2) Hydrovatus Motschulsky and Queda Sharp resolved as sister groups and not closely related to Methlini van den Branden, 3) support for close relationship of Pachydrus Sharp (Pachydrini Bistrom, Nilsson and Wewalka) with Hyphydrini Sharp, 4) paraphyly of Hygrotus Stephens sensu lato with the relationship H. (Coelambus) Thomson + (Hygrotus sensus stricto + Hydrovatini)) suggesting recognition of Coelambus and Hygrotus as separate genera, 5) close relationship between the Australian genera of Hydroporini and Hyphydrini and 6) the nesting of Vatellini within a group of Hydroporini.
Mass Rearing of Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) for Biological Control of Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, is a major pest of tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, in Yunnan province, China, where its control still depends on the use of insecticides. In recent years, the local government and farmers have sought to improve the biological control of this tobacco pest. In this paper, we present methods for mass rearing Aphidius gifuensis, a dominant endoparasitoid of M. persicae on tobacco plants in this region. The tobacco cultivar K326 (N. tabacum) was used as the host plant and M. persicae as the host insect. In the greenhouse, we collected tobacco seedlings for about 35 days (i.e., until the six-true-leaf stage), transferred them to 7.5-cm diameter pots, and kept these plants in the greenhouse for another 18 days. These pots were then transferred to an insectary-greenhouse, where the tobacco seedlings were inoculated with five to seven wingless adult M. persicae per pot. After 3 days, the infested seedlings were moved to a second greenhouse to allow the aphid population to increase, and after an additional 4±1 days when 182±4.25 aphid adults and nymphs were produced per pot, they were inoculated with A. gifuensis. With this rearing system, we were able to produce 256±8.8 aphid mummies per pot, with an emergence rate of 95.6±2.45%; 69% were females. The daily cost of parasite production (recurring costs only) was US$ 0.06 per 1000 aphid mummies. With this technique, we released 109 800 parasitoids in 1998, 196 000 in 1999, 780 000 in 2000, and 5 600 000 in 2001 during a 2-month period each year. This production method is discussed with respect to countrywide usage in biological control and integrated control of M. persicae.
A critical checklist of the Odonata of Portugal

Abstract The Odonata checklist of continental Portugal, Madeira and the Azores includes 65 species. Besides Sympetrum nigrifemur, an endemic of Madeira and the Canary Islands, and the unique population of the Nearctic Ischnura hastata in the Azores, the species composition reflects a higher proportion of western Mediterranean and Ethiopian elements than any other European country. An isolated occurrence of Coenagrion pulchellum was confirmed. Due to obvious misidentifications and to the loss of voucher specimens of questionable species, 22 taxa were rejected. Future records of additional species are predicted.
Rhizopus oligosporus biomass, sporangiospore yield and viability as influenced by harvesting age and processing conditions

The objective of tempe starter preparation is to obtain the maximum viable sporangiospores that can be stored in dry conditions without signi¢cant loss of viability. The aim of this research was to establish relationships between spore-harvesting age, their numbers, yield, viability and survival of processing and storage conditions.Within 6 days of incubation on cooked rice substrate, about 8% w/w of fungal biomass was formed, containing 6? 3 � 10 9 spores per gram. Of these spores, only 5^6% were viable. The remaining spores did not show damage to cytoplasmic membranes, and were probably dormant. Of the processing conditions, mild oven-drying had little negative eiect on viability, unlike pulverization which caused mechanical damage and loss of viability. The age of spores at harvest in£uences their storage stability. This is evidenced by spores harvested after 3 days suiering bigger losses during 2 and 3 months storage compared to spores harvested after 4 or 5 days. # 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Disease Severity and Grain Yield in Barley Multilines with Resistance to Powdery Mildew

The advantage of mixing increased with increasing mean level of resistance in the component isolines. Grain yield in both multilines and isolines increased with the mean level of resistance, with most resistant multilines producing higher grain yields than predicted by the mean level of the components in pure stands. The results indicate that components with higher levels of resistance gained the most benefit from utilizing them in a multiline
Brown Trout Spawn Timing, Redd Locations, and Stream Characteristics in Spearfish Creek within Spearfish, South Dakota, USA

This study documented brown trout (Salmo trutta) spawning locations, redd construction timing, and associated environmental variables in an 850-m long mainstem section and a 400-m long diversion channel of Spearfish Creek within the city limits of Spearfish, South Dakota, USA in 2019. The first redds were observed on October 15, with no new redds observed after November 12. Redd construction peaked during the first week of November, when 23 redds were observed in the mainstem section and 50 in the diversion channel. Substrate size was significantly smaller, water temperatures significantly higher, and water velocities significantly greater in redd versus non-redd locations in both the mainstem reach and the diversion channel (P < 0.05). Six significant redd hotspots were observed in the diversion channel. Hotspots were associated with a small (0.1˚C), but significant, increase in water temperature from the rest of the channel locations. This is the first study to document redd locations in Spearfish Creek and will provide a baseline to evaluate future spawning activity, particularly as it may be affected by likely future anthropogenic changes potentially affecting the stream environment.
Recent advances in emerging Janus two-dimensional materials: from fundamental physics to device applications

Based on the extensive investigation on graphene and graphene derivatives asymmetrically functionalized with a variety of molecular groups and the concept of Janus materials with asymmetric facial properties, Janus two-dimensional (2D) materials as derivatives of the 2D material family, including Janus graphene, Janus transition metal chalcogenides, etc., have attracted much attention in recent years. Janus 2D materials have been demonstrated experimentally and theoretically to possess unique properties such as an out-of-plane piezoelectric polarization and strong Rashba effect due to their out-of-plane asymmetry. Here, the recent progress of emerging Janus 2D materials, including Janus graphene, prediction and fabrication of various different Janus 2D materials and Janus 2D van der Waals heterostructures, is presented. The investigations on the unique properties and potential device applications of Janus 2D materials are summarized. Finally, the conclusion and prospects for the future explorations on Janus 2D materials are also provided.
Bloqueio vascular de hastes de gérberas cv. Patrizia

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi demonstrar, com o auxilio da microscopia eletronica de varredura (MEV), os bloqueios vasculares relacionados com o rapido declinio da vida em vaso e avaliar a eficiencia de diferentes concentracoes de um conservante floral comercial sobre a longevidade de gerberas de corte (Gerbera jamesonii) cv. Patrizia. Os tratamentos: T1 – controle (agua potavel); T2 – agua e frascos esterilizados; T3 – 0,75%; T4 – 1,0% e T5 – 1,5% do produto comercial Flower® foram aplicados em delineamento experimental inteiamente casualizado com quatro repeticoes e unidades experimentais de cinco hastes de 50cm cada. A vida em vaso nao foi significativamente ampliada como resultado do uso do conservante floral. Todas as concentracoes do produto comercial proporcionaram uma reducao significativa do numero de UFC/mL da solucao. Como resultado deste controle da populacao de bacterias, a absorcao de agua manteve-se maior durante os tres primeiros dias naqueles tratamentos onde foi adicionado o conservante floral. Nas imagens da MEV observa-se a proliferacao de bacterias no xilema das hastes nao tratadas com o conservante floral. A adicao do produto comercial na solucao de manutencao das hastes e recomendavel por controlar o crescimento de bacterias e diminuir o bloqueio dos vasos do xilema de gerberas.
There is no Enriques surface over the integers

We show that there is no family of Enriques surfaces over the ring of integers. This extends non-existence results of Minkowski for families of finite etale schemes, of Tate and Ogg for families of elliptic curves, and of Fontaine for families of abelian varieties and more general smooth proper schemes with certain restrictions on Hodge numbers. Our main idea is to study the local system of numerical classes of invertible sheaves. Among other things, our result also hinges on the Weil Conjectures, Lang's classification of rational elliptic surfaces in characteristic two, the theory of exceptional Enriques surfaces due to Ekedahl and Shepherd-Barron, some recent results on the base of their versal deformation, Shioda's theory of Mordell--Weil lattices, and an extensive combinatorial study for the pairwise interaction of genus-one fibrations.
Infrared absorption spectrum of keratin. I. Spectra of α‐, β‐, and supercontracted keratin

A number of basic features of the infrared spectrum of keratin have been confirmed and some new features have been found. In the 3‐μ region, the amide A frequency of helical material in α‐keratin at 3286 cm. −1 is close to the expected value, but that of the crystalline phase in α‐keratin, near 3270 cm. −1, is lower than had previously been reported. The noncrystalline phase absorbs in the vicinity of 3300 cm. −1 or above, and this causes the low‐intensity component of the amide A band in both α‐ and β‐keratin to occur at higher frequencies than those of the high‐intensity component. In the 6‐μ region, the amide II frequency of noncrystalline material is below 1525 cm. −1. Keratin denatured in lithium bromide, after washing out the reagent, appears to have a considerable helix content, possibly as much as that of the original protein. Hydration causes significant spectral changes. In the 6‐mu; region, the frequency of the amide I band of crystalline material is lowered, while that of the amide II band is increased, both by a few wavenumbers; the amide II frequency of noncrystaline material is also increased by a few wavenumbers. In the 3‐μ region, no significant change is observed in the amide A frequency of crystalline material, while the frequency of the noncrystaline material is reduced. These spectral changes are interpreted in terms of a weak association of water with main‐chain carbonyl groups in the crystalline phase, while in the noncrystaline phase it is thought likely that water molecules form hydrogen‐bond bridges between polypetide chains. The absorption coefficient of the amide A band and the integrated absorption intensities of the amide A, I, and II bands do not vary appreciably in the three forms of keratin investigated.
The Fuzzy Multiple Correlation and Its Application to Determine the Correlation of Math Anxiety with Math Self-Efficacy and Attitude

—The use of the fuzzy number is not doubtful in psychological domain. The fuzzy number provides a more real and flexible conception of psychology variable. The correlation between two variable and its form of fuzzy data can’t be determined by using Pearson correlation. The correlation analysis to analyse two fuzzy correlations has been majorly introduced by some experts. Meanwhile, this article is aimed at determining multiple fuzzy correlation formula based on multiple traditional correlations. Henceforth, to demonstrate the multiple fuzzy correlation formula, the three psychological variables are involved; those are the mathematical anxiety and efficacy as well as the attitude toward mathematics. These three variables were taken from 245 respondents; students of vocational high school 11th grade. The comparison analysis between fuzzy multiple correlation and traditional multiple correlation is finally discussed in this article.
Corporate Governance and Forward-Looking Information Disclosure: Evidence from a Developing Country

ABSTRACT The study examines the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on the disclosure of forward-looking information by firms listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE). The study covers the year 2013, a period of economic turmoil and a high level of market speculation. The governance mechanisms considered are board size, board independence, and institutional ownership. Multiple regression analysis is used in the study in estimating the relationship between corporate governance variables and forward-looking information disclosure. The empirical results show a statistically significant and positive relationship between the proportion of independent directors on a corporate board and firms’ disclosure of forward-looking information. The result suggests that the inclusion of more independent directors on corporate boards could improve information disclosure and enhance transparency. Board size and institutional ownership, however, do not have any significant relationship with forward-looking information disclosure. The study contributes to the literature on corporate governance and forward-looking information. Specifically, it contributes to the literature by demonstrating that forward-looking information disclosure in Zimbabwe is associated with board independence. The finding will serve as a reference for the many stakeholders who are advocating for the inclusion of more independent directors on corporate boards. Also, it is expected that the result would engender discussions on forward-looking information disclosure among market participants and regulators in a bid to enhance transparency in the market.
Estudio morfométrico de las fibras nerviosas del nervio oculomotor del perro

En este estudio se utilizaron seis perros adultos, de raza pastor aleman, de los que fueron extraidos los nervios oculomotores derechos en su porcion intracraneal. Los nervios se analizaron con microscopia optica y microscopia electronica. En todos los nervios se calculo su area y analizaron las fibras mielinicas y amielinicas. En ambos tipos de fibras se determino su numero, diametro y area. En las fibras mielinicas, ademas, se determino el area y el diametro del axon correspondiente y el grosor de la vaina de mielina. El numero medio de fibras fue de 8.543,50 ± 1.231,85 mielinicas y 1.402 ± 241,58 amielinicas. Los diametros medios fibrilares fueron de 10,23 ± 0,68 µm en las fibras mielinicas y de 0,43 ± 0,21 μm para las amielinicas. Nuestro estudio sobre los nervios oculomotores muestra que estos nervios, en el perro, presentan caracteristicas morfometricas, estructurales y ultraestructurales semejantes a las de otras especies.
Role of G6PD activity on sex ratio and developmental competence of bovine embryos under oxidative stress

Inactivation of the X-linked gene in the female embryo is one of the major events during mammalian early embryogenesis. Before this inactivation, enzyme activity encoded by the X-linked gene is different between male and female embryos. In the present study, we demonstrated a possibility that there may be a different response to specific culture conditions in vitro between male and female early embryo. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is one of the X-linked enzymes and its activity is semi-quantitated by brilliant cresyl blue (BCB). In experiment 1, the relationship between semi-quantitated G6PD activity and the sex ratio of the embryos was examined. In experiment 2, the relationship between semi-quantitated G6PD activity and the developmental competence of embryos was examined. No relationship was found between G6PD activity and sex in 8-cell, 16-cell and blastocyst stage embryos. However, G6PD activity was high in female embryos and low in male embryos at the morula stage. When morula stage embryos were categorized by BCB and cultured under high oxygen tension (5% CO2, 95% air), the developmental competence of embryos having high G6PD activity was higher than those having low enzyme activity. However, when the categorized morula stage embryos were cultured under low oxygen tension (5% CO2, 5% O2, 90% N2), there was no difference in the developmental rates among the categories. These results indicate that G6PD activity is high in female morula stage embryos compared with that in male embryos, and that the activity of this enzyme strongly affects the developmental competence of morula stage embryo when they are cultured under high oxygen tension.
Expression of Mhc class I mRNA in tissues from vaccinated and non-vaccinated Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.)

Abstract The expression of Mhc class I heavy chain mRNA in tissues from a group ( n =5) of non-vaccinated and a group ( n =5) of vaccinated Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) smolts was investigated using a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) approach. An expected 455 nucleotide RT-PCR product was produced and sequence analysis demonstrated that the amplified product was in concordance with the expected segment of the Mhc class I heavy chain complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA). Computer-assisted morphometric analysis of agarose gels containing the RT-PCR products allowed a semi-quantitative estimate of the level of expression in the different tissues from the two groups. There was considerable individual variation within the groups. However, the general observation in the non-vaccinated fish was that high expression was present in the gills and intestine, moderate expression in the spleen and heart, and low to negligible expression in the head kidney, liver, brain and muscle. The level of expression of Mhc class I in some tissues differed in the vaccinated group. The level of expression was significantly increased in the liver and head kidney and significantly decreased in the foregut of the vaccinated group.
Cell wall architecture and the role of wall teichoic acid in Staphylococcus aureus

The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus only synthesises peptidoglycan during cell division at the septum using a complex protein biosynthetic apparatus called the divisome. It divides sequentially in three orthogonal planes, using heritable features within the peptidoglycan architecture to maintain this process over generations. The ‘rib’ features that form this ‘memory’ are remnants of a large belt of peptidoglycan called the ‘piecrust’ that is formed at the initiation of septation and before the septal plate. After division, the ribs remain as orthogonal features, which are bisected by further ‘piecrust’ features from ensuing division cycles. This results in a characteristic pattern of different age peptidoglycan sectors, delineated by ribs of a different architecture. As well as maintaining cellular viability and shape the peptidoglycan layer also acts as a scaffold for many other polymers, including wall teichoic acid (WTA). WTA is known to direct and modulate cell wall hydrolase activity. There has been recent debate as to its subcellular localisation. In this study, using the bacterial two-hybrid assay, four putative WTA biosynthesis enzymes were found to interact with numerous members of the divisome. Microscopy techniques localised WTA across the entire cell surface except on the piecrust and rib features. It was hypothesised that WTA blocks the rest of the peptidoglycan thereby directing the localisation of hydrolases and other proteins. The localisation of peptidoglycan hydrolases was studied. Those found to localise to the rib and piecrust features (Atl(glucosaminidase), Atl(amidase), SagB and ScaH) showed a distinct pattern which was completely disrupted in a strain missing WTA. Conversely those (SceD) not associated with rib/piecrust showed no difference to localisation with loss of WTA. The processed forms of Atl (glucosaminidase and amidase) demonstrated different binding properties during the cell cycle and a model to illustrate the cell cycle dependent binding is proposed.