Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COGNITIVE AND NON-COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS PREDICTING ACADEMIC SUCCESS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS

Introduction: Medical undergraduates need to possess the ability to acquire knowledge on a wide range of subjects over short period of time. Medical schools worldwide use different methodologies to select ideal candidates, which include cognitive factors and non-cognitive factors. A proper selection will minimize failures during the beginning semesters and will ensure student’s capacity to withstand the standard of training. Therefore, we have decided to study the impact of cognitive and non-cognitive factors in predicting the academic success among medical students. Material & Methods: The study was a survey of 150 first year medical students of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, admitted in 2018. A data was collected from the Department of Anatomy for initial three part completion tests performance and class attendance, which was tabulated along with the information received from the questionnaire i.e. age, gender, percent secured and language in school, National eligibility cum entrance test (NEET) attempt and marks, residence, category for premedical (PMT) selection (general/ non-resident Indians (NRIs)/ handicap), parents occupation, siblings, family (nuclear/joint/rural/urban), hobbies, time management during PC (part completion) tests, coaching before PMT) given to each student separately. Observation & Results: Students were observed to lie in three groups according to their performance in PC tests: group I (>60%), group II (50-59.9%), group III (<50%). All the cognitive and non-cognitive factors were compared. Conclusion: Both cognitive and non-cognitive factors play an important role in the outcome of a medical student. Factors positively influencing the performance of a selected candidate in medical schools cannot be simply based on previous academic performance.
EFFECT OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE ON THE ACCUMULATION OF ASTAXANTHIN IN CHEMOSTAT CULTURES OF HAEMATOCOCCUS LACUSTRIS (CHLOROPHYTA)

The effect of dissolved oxygen partial pressure on the accumulation of astaxanthin in the green alga Haematococcus lacustris (Gir.) Rostaf (UTEX16) was studied in N‐limited continuous chemostat cultures. The steady‐state astaxanthin content measured against culture volume, cell number, and biomass dry weigh of Haematococcus cultures was proportional to the dissolved O2 partial pressure in the culture medium, over the range of 0–50% O2 The steady‐state biomass dry weight concentrations remained at between 0.52 and 0.57 g. L‐1 over the range of dissolved O2 partial pressure studied. Steady‐state cell densities at dissolved O2 partial pressures above the air saturation level (1.13–1.58 × 105 cells.mL‐1) were about half of that measured at lower dissolved O2 partial pressures (2.42–2.63 × 105 cells.mL‐1). Both biflagellated zoospores and nonmotile aplanospores were found at steady state. The fraction of nonmotile cells was higher at dissolved O2 partial pressures above the air saturation level (94.44–98.01%) than at dissolved O2 partial pressure below the air level (79.64–86.12 and 91.75%).
A protein sequence study of the dicotyledons and its relevance to the evolution of the legumes and nitrogen fixation

The data were the N-terminal 40 amino acids of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco-SSU) from 310 dicotyledons covering about half the families and most orders. The strategy used to build an overall phylogenetic tree is described; a maximum parsimony program, reliable for up to 17 taxa, has been used. The first step was to use four modern phylogenies to divide 101 of the families into 25 Groups of uneven size leaving 20 families with controversial affinities. Ancestral sequences were derived for each group and these were built into an overall tree in five stages that included testing the reality of the original Groups and re-defining a third of them to include most of the families of controversial affinities. The high degree of taxonomically 'correct' clustering of taxa into families suggested reliability at that level, but reliability probably diminished at higher levels that are separated by shorter distances. The results should be regarded as working hypotheses for future investigations, not as firm conclusions. Evidence is presented that, of the three leguminous families, Mimosaceae and Papilionaceae are closest and that Caesalpiniaceae is very close to Rosaceae. Families in which nitrogen fixation is known appear to associate in three clusters comprising one, three and eight families.
Species richness and abundance of large mammals in Zaraninge forest, Coast region, Tanzania

A study on the large mammals of Zaraninge Forest was conducted using the line transect method between 1995 and 2001. They comprised 16 species from 7 families, including Bovidae (5), Canidae (1), Cercopithecidae (4), Felidae (1), Galagonidae (2), Orycteropodidae (1) and Suidae (2). Only nine species of primates and antelopes were encountered frequently enough for densities to be estimated. A total of 404 sightings from 40 counts were recorded, the majority being for blue monkey (34.9%) and Angolan colobus (26.0%). For galagos, 210 sightings from 58 counts were recorded, the majority being for Rondo galago (62.2%). Absolute density (individuals km-2) (±SE) for blue monkey (12528.8) was highest, followed by the Angolan colobus (74.03.9) and yellow baboon (33.68.1). Antelopes had much lower densities with that of suni (23.48.7) being the highest, followed by Harvey's red duiker (13.6±9.5), blue duiker (9.5±6.4) and bushbuck (2.3±0.5). Densities for the Rondo galago and Zanzibar galago were 23.4±9.1 and 12.9±10.5, respectively. Only one bushbuck pellet pile was encountered while for the two duikers and suni a total of 106 fresh pellet piles were counted. Relative pellet pile density (piles km-2) for suni was 280.1±73.7, while for red duiker and blue duiker densities were 170.9±50.6 and 119.9±52.9, respectively. Endemic large mammals were not observed in the forest though six were forest specialists, one near endemic, six threatened and seven in the CITES list. Tanzania Journal of Science Vol. 32 (2) 2006: pp. 105-116
Interspecific Leaf Interactions during Decomposition in Aquatic and Floodplain Ecosystems

An experiment was designed to test the importance of the potential interaction (inhibition or enhancement) between slow and fast decaying leaf species on processing rates in a stream and its floodplain. The decomposition of water oak (Quercus nigra) and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) in single-species packs was compared with water oak plus sweetgum in mixed-species packs within three habitats (stream snags, floodplain pools, and elevated floodplain surfaces) at three sites in coastal plain streams. Fast-decaying sweetgum leaves did not enhance the rate of oak decomposition. Sweetgum leaves in mixed packs decomposed more slowly than single species packs in seven out of nine comparisons. Increases in bacterial density on leaves were depressed in mixed-species packs relative to single-species sweetgum packs. Fungal hyphae could not be observed in mixed or single-species packs. The effect of oak leaves on sweetgum leaves was affected by frequency and period of inundation. Macroinvertebrate shredders were rare or absent from most leaf packs collected from stream snags and floodplain pools. Over 40% of leaf packs placed in the stream contained no shredders, while another 28% contained <0.001 g shredders/g leaf dry weight. Therefore, shredders were too rare to influence overall leaf processing rates. These studies suggest that microbial processing accounts for most leaf decomposition and oak leaf leachate is shown to be inhibitory to microbial processing of sweetgum leaves.
Kinetics of phenol oxidation by washed cells

The uptake of phenol by pure cultures of Pseudomonas putida growing on phenol in continuous culture has been studied. The purpose of the experiments was to determine the kinetic parameters governing uptake of phenol by organisms growing on phenol in the high‐conversion range by measuring uptake rates per unit biomass per unit time at various phenol concentrations. The microorganisms used were taken from a chemostat at residence times of 8, 5.25, 3.85, 3.2, 3, and 2.7h. The Monod–Haldane model and modifications of it were applied to the data and the best kinetic parameters were determined by nonlinear least‐squares techniques. The best model was a two‐parameters simplification of Monod–Haldane in which μ = K1S/(K2 + S2). The value of K1 was found to increase monotonically with the value of phenol concentration in the original chemostat with an apparent induction “threshold” of 0.1 mg/L.
Oral lichen planus: characterization of immunocompetent cells with hybridoma antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies which react against T-cell subpopulations and Langerhans' cells were used to examine the phenotype of immunocompetent cells in oral lichen planus. Immunomorphologically, the stromal infiltrate of this condition considerably resembled the delayed type of immune reaction. Although all subpopulations of immunocompetent cells were present in the stromal infiltrate, Langerhans' cells (OKT-6 positive, HLA-DR positive) and suppressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (OKT-3 positive, OKT-4 negative, OKT-8 positive, HLA-DR positive) predominated. Our immunohistological findings support the suggestion that aggregations of T-lymphocytes are responsible for the cytotoxic processes which occur within the squamous epithelium in oral lichen planus.
Colour stability of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum)juice

Forty blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L) genotypes, including cv Baldwin and cv Ben Lomond as standards, were assessed for juice processing qualities. Regression analyses showed no significant variation in the rate of loss of total pigments but significant variation in the rate of loss of individual major pigments. Genotypes with a high delphinidin to cyanidin ratio showed no greater colour stability than genotypes with low ratios, which indicated that the difference between the stability of the major pigments was not great enough to exert a stabilising effect on the total pigment concentration. The variation in total pigment concentration appeared to be the main factor contributing to the greater stability of cv Ben Lomond juice colour compared with cv Baldwin juice colour.
Effect of Taxpayer Ownership Obligations, Taxation Understanding and Personal Taxpayer Awareness of Taxpayer Compliance

The research aims to analyze the influence of the obligation to have tax number, understanding of taxation and awareness of taxpayers against taxpayer compliance. The respondents in this study is the tax payers private person residing in housing Regensi II Tangerang. Some previous research on taxpayer compliance shows the results of the same and also different. Therefore, other studies conducted to test a theory about taxpayer compliance. The population inthis research as much as 133 people. A method or technique of sampling conducted in this study was purposive sampling with counting use the formula slovin, so it can be determined the number of taxpayers private people who became the reseacrh as many as 100. The data collected werw processed using a program SPSS version 24.0, with validity test, reliability test, descriptive statistical test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, and the last with a hypothesis test. The results of the research that has been processed shows that the value of significant obligation to have tax number is 0,000, significant value understanding of taxation is 0,048, and significant awareness of taxpayers is 0,015. So the results of the study showed that the level of the obligation to have tax number, understanding of taxation and awareness of taxpayers significant effect against a compliance by tax payers
Luz, substrato e temperatura na germinação de sementes de cedro-vermelho

This work aimed to evaluate the kind of substrate, and temperature and light conditions more suitable for seed germination of Cedrela odorata L. The experimental design adopted in all experiments was the completely randomized design with four repetitions of twenty-five seeds each. The constant temperatures (25 and 30oC), the alternated temperature (20-30oC), and the coconut fiber and sand substrates are the better conditions for seed germination of C. odorata. Seed germination of the studied specie showed no sensitiveness to the different levels of light applied.
Effect of Water Stress on Biochemical and Physiological Characteristics of Oat Genotypes

Activities of enzymes catalase, peroxidase, and level of total soluble proteins were studied in two genotypes (JHO 884, JHO 888) of oat (Avena sativa L.) subjected to water stress for 1, 3, and 4 days by withholding water in a pot culture experiment. No change was observed in the level of total soluble proteins at early stage but it increased significantly at higher magnitude of water stress. Increase in catalase activity was noticed in JHO 884 whereas reverse trend was observed in JHO 888 at highest level of stress. The JHO 884 genotype showed increase in peroxidase activity from the first day of water stress. Results suggest that the efficiency level of antioxidant system is found different in these two genotypes.
Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications. An Update

Extranuclear or nongenomic actions of thyroid hormones are unaffected by the inhibitors of protein synthesis, their site of action has been localized at the plasma membrane but also in the cytoplasm and organelles such as the mitochondria. This review takes into account recent major advances in nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones in nervous system, immune system and cardiovascular tissue, with a particular focus on the plasma membrane receptor integrin αvβ3. In nerve cells nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones point mainly to a direct modulation of several channels/receptors for the major neurotransmitters, even though more complex pathways have also been demonstrated. Certain neuroprotective actions have recently been described for thyronamines, and this may be relevant to Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. The immune system is also modulated nongenomically by thyroid hormones, through potentiation of the effects of cytokines such as IFN-γ or lipopolysaccharide, or through activators of STAT protein leading to activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, a highly conserved kinase downstream target of nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone. The mTOR system is also involved in the cardioprotection mechanisms, where thyroid hormone signaling through the receptor integrin αvβ3 may play an important role that needs to be further studied. The identification of integrin αvβ3 as a plasma membrane receptor for thyroid hormones has provided a new perspective on the role of these hormones in cellular defense. Analogs of thyroid hormones, inhibitors and agonists at the integrin receptor for the hormone and mTOR inhibitors are evaluated as areas of emphasis for therapeutic research.
Population stasis in a high-elevation herbaceous plant under moderate climate warming

Summary Densities of differing life history stages of two Ranunculus glacialis L. populations were monitored for 12 years in permanent plots of an alpine fellfield from 1986 to 1997. Results of repeated measures ANOVAs indicated no significant spatial or temporal variation in the densities of total or flowering adult shoots, or of juvenile individuals. Seedling densities were however fourfold higher on thermally favorable South-facing slopes and year-to-year variation was also considerable. However, the densities of none of the observed life history stages were correlated with climatic data, although herbivory was negatively correlated with growing season temperature. The observed populations of R. glacialis have remained remarkable stable, despite a consistent warming trend during the last decade. These results in conjunction with growing evidence from experimental studies on climate warming effects should be incorporated in scenarios concerning the responsiveness of high-elevation plants to climatic change. Wahrend 12 Jahren (1986–1997) wurden die Bestandesdichten unterschiedlicher Entwicklungsstadien zweier Populationen des Gletscherhahnenfusses, Ranunculus glacialis L. , auf Dauerflachen in einem hochalpinen Schuttfeld beobachtet. Mittels einer Varianzanalyse konnten keine signifikanten raumlichen oder zeitlichen Veranderungen in den Dichten von adulten, reproduktiven oder von juvenilen Individuen nachgewiesen werden. Die Samlingsdichte war jedoch 4-fach hoher am thermisch-begunstigteren Sudhang und auch die jahrlichen Schwankungen waren statistisch hoch signifikant. Jedoch konnten zwischen den Bestandesdichten und vorhandenen Klimadaten keine signifikanten Korrelationen ermittelt werden. Es bestand jedoch eine negative Korrelation zwischen dem Ausmas der Herbivorie an Bluten von R. glacialis und der mittleren Lufttemperatur wahrend der Wachstumsperiode. Die stabile Struktur der hier untersuchten Populationen von R. glacialis , trotz einer stetigen Temperaturerwarmung in den letzten Jahrzehnten, deckt sich mit den Resultaten experimenteller Untersuchungen. Diese neuen Erkenntnisse sollten bei der Formulierung von Prognosen uber die Reaktion von Gebirgspflanzen auf Klimaveranderungen berucksichtigt werden.
The Role of Wealth in Gain and Loss Perception: An Empirical Analysis

People with significantly different initial starting capitals may perceive gains and losses differently. In order to test this hypothesis, we consider and compare two samples of investors: retail investors as those with a maximum of € 500,000 worth of assets under management (AUM) and private investors as those with more than € 500,000 AUM. Based on the answers obtained from specifically devised questionnaires, we test the differences in gain and loss perception and check the level of satisfaction/dissatisfaction in situations of gain and loss. The results obtained demonstrate that private and retail investors perceive gains and losses differently.
Morphologic variation in northern marginal Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus populations in Istria

Marginal tree populations are believed to be more differentiated and host less variation than central tree populations. The aim of this study was to perform a detailed morphometric study of J. oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus in northern marginal populations in order to establish its phenotypic variation and geographical differentiation and to examine the eventual presence of putative species J. deltoides in Istria. Morphologic variation was studied in 16 northern marginal populations in Istria. Nine morphological traits from a minimum of 50 leaves from each of 206 individuals and two morphological traits from 30 to 50 seed cones in each of 103 females were measured. Phenotypic variation in Istrian populations was high and of a similar magnitude to that found in the centre of the distribution area. Gender dimorphism in leaf morphology was detected, but the study failed to confirm its uniform distribution pattern. Significant and surprisingly high among-population differentiation (8–30%) was revealed. Average leaf shape in the study area is clearly “delta-shaped” characterised by a relatively wide leaf base. However, no significant differences in any of the studied traits were found between the marginal Istrian populations and the more central populations analysed in our earlier studies.
Evaluation of different modeling approaches for total tree-height estimation in Mediterranean Region of Turkey

Efficient management of timber resources and wood utilization practices require accurate and versatile information about important characteristics of forest resources for evaluating the numerous management and utilization alternatives for timber resources. Tree height is considered one of the most useful variables along with stocking and diameter at breast height, in estimating forest stand wood volumes and productivity. Six nonlinear growth functions were fitted to tree height-diameter data of three major tree species in Western Mediterranean Region’s forests of Turkey. The generalized regression neural network (GRNN) technique has been applied for tree height prediction, as well, due to its ability to fit complex nonlinear models. The performance of the models was compared and evaluated. Further, equivalence tests of the selected models were conducted. Validation showed the appropriatness of all models to predict tree height. According to the model performance criteria, the six nonlinear growth functions were able to capture the height-diameter relationships and fitted the data almost equally well, while the constructed generalized regression neural network (GRNN) models were found to be superior to all nonlinear regression models, in terms of their predictive ability.
Importance of apple fruits as food for the brown-marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal)(Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

The nutritional status and ovarian development of Halyomorpha halys adults collected in an apple orchard and in coppiced trees were investigated in 2000 and 2001, and those of adults reared on apple trees with fruits were investigated in 2002. Adults were observed earlier in the apple orchard than in the coppices; adults immigrated into the apple orchard in May of each year. Female adults had developed ovaries and produced mature eggs. Adults were seldom observed in the orchard after early June, when many adults were observed in the coppices. However, many adults were observed in the apple orchard from mid-July to early August in 2001; the nutritional status of these adults was inferior to that of adults collected in the coppices, and many of the females had undeveloped ovaries. The nutritional status and the number of deposited eggs of the adults reared on apple trees with fruits were significantly inferior to those of adults reared on peanuts and soybeans, foods which were similarly suitable as mature fruit of Japanese flowering cherry. These results suggest that apple fruit is not as good a food for H. halys adults as other plants, but apple is satisfactory when more suitable foods are in short supply.
Ethylene and flower petal senescence: Interrelationship with membrane lipid catabolism

Accumulated experimental evidence suggests that the decline in the content of membrane components such as phospholipids (PL), is a key event in flower senescence. This loss of membrane integrity can be modulated by ethylene. The aim of this work was to examine the interrelationship between ethylene and one of the products of PL metabolism, diacylglycerol (DAG), during petunia (Petunia hybrida) flower senescence. DAG's role was studied using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which acts similarly in kinase activation. Our results demonstrate for the first time a senescence-related transient increase in the content of DAG in petunia plasma membranes. The climacteric-like ethylene rise associated with petal wilting appeared in petunia flowers well after PL degradation and DAG increase had commenced. The appearance and peak magnitude of the ethylene rise was enhanced or increased, respectively, by PMA treatment, thereby accelerating appearance and magnitude of all senescence parameters assayed. Conversely, suppression of ethylene action by silver thiosulfate (STS) resulted in retardation of flower wilting, as well as in abolishment of the PMA-enhancing effects on senescence. The results suggest an active role for lipid metabolites like DAG in enhancing flower senescence, through regulation of ethylene production and action, or possible activation of kinases. This sequence of events implies that ethylene is a mediator of flower senescence, rather than a trigger of the process.