Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RESPONSE OF JAPANESE QUAIL TO FEED BY ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

The experiment was carried out at the Poultry Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University (middle Egypt). This study aims to show the effect of dietary malic acid (MA) supplementation as a growth promoter on Japanese quail performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal villi and pH, bacteria enumeration, some blood parameters and digestibility coefficients. A total number of 360 unsexed one day-old Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were equally divided into four groups of six replicates each. Two starter-grower corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) basal diets were formulated to contain 24 % CP and 2900 kcal ME /kg diet and 22 % CP and 2750 kcal ME /kg diet, respectively. Also, two layer C-SBM basal diets were formulated to contain 20 % CP and 2900 kcal ME /kg diet and 18 % CP and 2750 kcal ME /kg diet, respectively. Each of the four basal diets was either unsupplemented or supplemented with 0.15% (1.5 kg/ton) dietary malic acid. Therefore, four experimental treatments were used in both startinggrowing and laying periods. Each chick group fed one of the four experimental diets. At 35 days of age, a slaughter test was performed to determine carcass traits, edible giblets, lymphoid organs and intestinal villi, microflora count and pH. Blood samples were taken and assayed to determine some serum blood parameters. Digestibility trials were conducted to determine nutrients digestibility for starter-grower experimental diets. At laying period, egg number, weight, mass and production rate as well as feed intake and feed conversion were recorded. At the end of the 90-day period, egg samples were taken and broken out to determine internal egg quality and analysis. From nutritional of view, it was observed that using malic acid at a level of 0.15% (1.5 kg/ton) in Japanese quail diets containing sub-optimal energy and protein levels helped in reducing microflara count, particularly pathogens and in turn, improved quail performance and immunity. However, using MA at a level of 0.15% (1.5 kg/ton) in Japanese quail diets containing optimal energy and protein levels caused an increase in egg mass and a decrease in feed intake.
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Towards a Personalized Approach

ABSTRACT: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a recently coined term encompassing a variety of age-related and genetically associated pathologies, including cervical spondylotic myelopathy, degenerative disc disease, and ligamentous aberrations such as ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. All of these pathologies produce chronic compression of the spinal cord causing a clinical syndrome characterized by decreased hand dexterity, gait imbalance, and potential genitourinary or sensorimotor disturbances. Substantial variability in the underlying etiology of DCM and its natural history has generated heterogeneity in practice patterns. Ongoing debates in DCM management most commonly center around clinical decision-making, timing of intervention, and the ideal surgical approach. Pivotal basic science studies during the past two decades have deepened our understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms surrounding DCM. Growing knowledge of the key pathophysiologic processes will help us tailor personalized approaches in an increasingly heterogeneous patient population. This article focuses on summarizing the most exciting approaches in personalizing DCM patient treatments including biomarkers, factors affecting clinical decision-making, and choice of the optimal surgical approach. Throughout we provide a concise review on the conditions encompassing DCM and discuss the underlying pathophysiology of chronic spinal cord compression. We also provide an overview on clinical-radiologic diagnostic modalities as well as operative and nonoperative treatment strategies, thereby addressing knowledge gaps and controversies in the field of DCM.
Cardiac Investigations in Sudden Unexpected Death in DEPDC5 ‐Related Epilepsy

Germline loss‐of‐function mutations in DEPDC5, and in its binding partners (NPRL2/3) of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) repressor GATOR1 complex, cause focal epilepsies and increase the risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Here, we asked whether DEPDC5 haploinsufficiency predisposes to primary cardiac defects that could contribute to SUDEP and therefore impact the clinical management of patients at high risk of SUDEP.
Videos With the Hashtag #vaping on TikTok and Implications for Informed Decision-making by Adolescents: Descriptive Study

Background Despite the public health importance of vaping and the widespread use of TikTok by adolescents and young adults, research is lacking on the nature and scope of vaping content on this networking service. Objective The purpose of this study is to describe the content of TikTok videos related to vaping. Methods By searching the hashtag #vaping in the discover feature, ~478.4 million views were seen during the time of data collection. The first 100 relevant videos under that hashtag were used in this study. Relevance was determined by simply noting if the video was related in any way to vaping. Coding consisted of several categories directly related to vaping and additional categories, including the number of likes, comments, and views, and if the video involved music, humor, or dance. Results The 100 videos included in the sample garnered 156,331,347 views; 20,335,800 likes; and 296,460 comments. The majority of the videos (n=59) used music and over one-third (n=37) used humor. The only content category observed in the majority of the videos sampled was the promotion of vaping, which was included in 57 videos that garnered over 74 million views (47.5% of cumulative views). A total of 42% (n=42) of the 100 videos sampled featured someone vaping or in the presence of vape pens, and these videos garnered over 22% (>35 million) of the total views. Conclusions It is necessary for public health agencies to improve understanding of the nature and content of videos that attract viewers’ attention and harness the strength of this communication channel to promote informed decision-making about vaping.
Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy: Occupational Outcomes in the Military

A retrospective review of consecutive patients diagnosed with insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT) was performed. Outcomes included Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, return to run rates, and return to military duty rates. Our data analysis included 113 patients; 58 (55%) patients required surgery. Mean duration of follow-up was 42 months (range, 12-143). Mean age at the time of surgery was 37.2 years (range, 21-54). VAS scores significantly improved from 5.4 at the preoperative visit to 2.9 at 24 months. There was no significant improvement in VAS scores after the 3-month postoperative visit. Mean return to run time was 9 months (range, 4.5-16). At 1 year, 80% (46/58) of patients returned to military duty. Complications requiring return to the operating room were observed in 6 patients (9%). The high rate of return to duty and significant improvement in pain scores demonstrate that the surgical management of IAT is a viable treatment option for patients who could not otherwise remain on active duty. With that said, the complication rate of 27% is high. Patients and providers should consider the risks, benefits, and duration of therapy during their shared decision-making process. Level of Evidence: Level IV
Right ventricular end‐diastolic volume and outcomes in exacerbations of COPD

Right ventricular (RV) volumes are crucial outcome determinants in pulmonary diseases. Little is known about the associations of RV volumes during hospitalized acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). We aimed to ascertain associations of RV end‐diastolic volume indexed to body surface area (RVEDVI) during hospitalized AECOPD and its relationship with mortality in long‐term follow‐up.
Ex vivo treatment with fucoidan of mononuclear cells from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients

ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a worldwide health emergency, therapy for this disease is based on antiviral drugs and immunomodulators, however, there is no treatment to effectively reduce the COVID-19 mortality rate. Fucoidan is a polysaccharide obtained from marine brown algae, with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune-enhancing properties, thus, fucoidan may be used as an alternative treatment (complementary to prescribed medical therapy) for the recovery of COVID-19. This work aimed to determine the effects of ex-vivo treatment with fucoidan on cytotoxicity, apoptosis, necrosis, and senescence, besides functional parameters of calcium flux and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from SARS-CoV-2 infected, recovered and healthy subjects. Data suggest that fucoidan does not exert cytotoxicity or senescence, however, it induces the increment of intracellular calcium flux. Additionally, fucoidan promotes recovery of ΔΨm in PBMCs from COVID-19 recovered females. Data suggest that fucoidan could ameliorate the immune response in COVID-19 patients.
Ionic Liquids as Fragrance Precursors: Smart Delivery Systems for Volatile Compounds

The low volatility of many ionic liquids (ILs) can be used to design a specific delivery system with a triggered release mechanism for volatile fragrances. We present two different strategies for IL-supported profragrance compounds based on common fragrance alcohols. When the fragrance was attached to the cation, its release was triggered by heat, while the fragrance attached to the anion was released under basic conditions. Selection of the counterion allowed not only control of the physical properties of the resulting compound but also addition of a second functionality. Our design strategy shows that the choice of the IL components can result in safe, biocompatible ionic profragrances suitable for applications such as topical nutraceutical or cosmetic formulations.
Korean Medication Algorithm for Depressive Disorder 2021, Fourth Revision: An Executive Summary

Objective In the 19 years since the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology and the Korean Society for Affective Disorders developed the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Depressive Disorder (KMAP-DD) in 2002, four revisions have been conducted. Methods To increase survey efficiency in this revision, to cover the general clinical practice, and to compare the results with previous KMAP-DD series, the overall structure of the questionnaire was maintained. The six sections of the questionnaire were as follows 1) pharmacological treatment strategies for major depressive disorder (MDD) with/without psychotic features; 2) pharmacological treatment strategies for persistent depressive disorder and other depressive disorder subtypes; 3) consensus for treatment-resistant depression; 4) the choice of an antidepressant in the context of safety, adverse effects, and comorbid physical illnesses; 5) treatment strategies for special populations (children/adolescents, elderly, and women); and 6) non-pharmacological biological therapies. Recommended first-, second-, and third-line strategies were derived statistically. Results There has been little change in the four years since KMAP-DD 2017 due to the lack of newly introduced drug or treatment strategies. However, shortened waiting time between the initial and subsequent treatments, increased preference for atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), especially aripiprazole, and combination strategies with AAPs yield an active and somewhat aggressive treatment trend in Korea. Conclusion We expect KMAP-DD to provide clinicians with useful information about the specific strategies and medications appropriate for treating patients with MDD by bridging the gap between clinical real practice and the evidence-based world.
Peer Support for People Living With HIV: A Scoping Review

Peer support for people living with HIV has gained increasing traction and is considered a way to take an active role in self-management. The existing research examining peer support interventions has reported promising evidence of the benefits of peer support. The purpose of our scoping review was to describe research on peer support for people living with HIV. We included 53 studies and sorted them into analytic categories and conducted descriptive analyses. The studies that were published between November/December 2000 and May 2021, had a range of study designs and heterogeneous priority groups, and included 20,657 participants from 16 countries. We identified 43 evaluations of the effect of peer support and 10 evaluations of implementation, process, feasibility, cost of peer support. We also categorized peer support by key functions, finding that the most common key functions were linkage to clinical care and community resources and assistance in daily management, with only one study directly related to chronic care. There is growing research interest in peer support for people living with HIV, particularly in high-income countries and related to the evaluation of effects. The revealed gaps of prioritized functions of peer support have implications for further research. Further focus on interventions addressing secondary prevention related to noncommunicable diseases as part of a care package is recommended to meet people’s needs and preferences and increase self-management related to a chronic lifelong condition.
MicroRNA-378 regulates adipogenic differentiation in bovine intramuscular preadipocytes by targeting CaMKK2

ABSTRACT Intramuscular fat, as one of the most important palatability attribute of beef carcase, is the primary determinant of beef quality. The research of adipogenesis mechanism would provide new insight into intramuscular fatty deposition. Here, the role of microRNA-378 was investigated during bovine adipogenic differentiation. It was revealed that miR-378 expression exists variably in bovine major tissue and organs by RT-qPCR. It was predicted that miR-378 targets CaMKK2, as an AMPKα kinase, by DIANA Tools. For better research, primary preadipocytes with stable transfection for up-/down-regulated expression of miR-378 were constructed by lentiviral vectors with GFP gene. The analyses of qPCR showed that PPARγ and adiponectin mRNA levels increased, but C/EBPβ, pref-1 and CaMKK2 mRNA levels decreased during adipogenic differentiation. When miR-378 was overexpressed, preadipocytes proliferation became slower, there are more cellular lipid droplets, and PPARγ and C/EBPβ mRNA levels were higher, but pref-1, adiponectin and CaMKK2 were lower than control groups. Luciferase assay and western blot analysis validated that miR-378 binds the nucleotide sites of the 3′- untranslated region of CaMKK2, which inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of CaMKK2. These findings suggest that miR-378 promotes adipogenic differentiation in bovine intramuscular preadipocytes by targeting CaMKK2 via AMPK signalling pathway.
ZO-2 favors Hippo signaling, and its re-expression in the steatotic liver by AMPK restores junctional sealing

ABSTRACT ZO-2 is a peripheral tight junction (TJ) protein whose silencing in renal epithelia induces cell hypertrophy. Here, we found that in ZO-2 KD MDCK cells, in compensatory renal hypertrophy triggered in rats by a unilateral nephrectomy and in liver steatosis of obese Zucker (OZ) rats, ZO-2 silencing is accompanied by the diminished activity of LATS, a kinase of the Hippo pathway, and the nuclear concentration of YAP, the final effector of this signaling route. ZO-2 appears to function as a scaffold for the Hippo pathway as it associates to LATS1. ZO-2 silencing in hypertrophic tissue is due to a diminished abundance of ZO-2 mRNA, and the Sp1 transcription factor is critical for ZO-2 transcription in renal cells. Treatment of OZ rats with metformin, an activator of AMPK that blocks JNK activity, augments ZO-2 and claudin-1 expression in the liver, reduces the paracellular permeability of hepatocytes, and serum bile acid content. Our results suggest that ZO-2 silencing is a common feature of hypertrophy, and that ZO-2 is a positive regulator of the Hippo pathway that regulates cell size. Moreover, our observations highlight the importance of AMPK, JNK, and ZO-2 as therapeutic targets for blood-bile barrier dysfunction.
Long-term effect of transtympanic intermittent pressure therapy using a tympanic membrane massage device for intractable meniere’s disease and delayed endolymphatic hydrops

Abstract Background A 12-month follow-up study showed that middle ear pressure treatment with a transtympanic membrane massage (TMM) device had a similar effect to a Meniett device. Objectives The effects of pressure treatment with a TMM device were retrospectively compared to the effects of treatment with a Meniett device in patients with Meniere’s disease (MD) and delayed endolymphatic hydrops (DEH) who were followed for a minimum of 24 months. Materials and Methods Twenty-seven patients were treated with the TMM device and 14 patients were treated with a Meniett device. The insertion of a transtympanic ventilation tube was necessary for the Meniett device but not for the TMM device. Results In patients treated with the TMM and Meniett devices, the frequency of vertigo significantly improved at 19–24 months after treatment. The distribution of vertigo at 19–24 months after treatment did not differ between the patients treated with the two types of devices. Pressure treatment for 8 months or more was suitable to achieve remission. Conclusions and Significance Middle ear pressure treatment for 8 months or more with a TMM or Meniett device was equally effective and provided minimally invasive treatment options for intractable MD and DEH.
Electrocardiogram monitoring in the prone position in coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract Aims Prone positioning is increasingly used for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In these high-risk patients for cardiovascular events who may spend more than 16 h a day in the prone position, an adequate monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) is mandatory. However, effects of prone positioning on the ECG are unknown as is the validity of the ECG recorded with electrodes placed dorsally. We aimed to compare ECG data obtained in the prone position from five electrodes positioned conventionally and dorsally, and to assess the effects of the change of position (from supine to prone) on the ECGs in patients with COVID-19 ARDS. Methods and results In patients with COVID-19 ARDS for whom the prone position was indicated, seven-lead ECG (frontal plane leads and V6) performed in the supine and the prone position with electrodes positioned conventionally and dorsally were compared. A total of 22 patients [20 (91%) males] were included. Among them, 10 (45%) patients had structural or ischaemic heart disease. After prone positioning, PR duration significantly increased and QRS duration significantly decreased whereas QT interval did not significantly change. In the prone position, there were excellent correlations between QRS axis, PR, RR, QRS, and QT intervals durations measured with electrodes placed on the torso and dorsally (with no change in the position of V6). Conclusion Prone positioning induced significant change in the ECG. In the prone position, ECG can be reliably monitored with four electrodes translated from conventional position to the back and with a precordial electrode left in V6 position.
Reduced ability to discriminate colours – an under-recognised feature of depressive disorders? A pilot study

Abstract Background: Although in clinical practice an impairment of sensory perception is frequently reported by depressed patients no mention of these symptoms is made in DSM-5, ICD-10 or ICD-11. Previous studies on colour perception have largely relied on patient self-reports and few have studied colour discrimination. Methods: The ability to discriminate small colour differences was assessed in 30 patients currently experiencing a moderate to severe depressive episode (ICD-10: F32.1-2, F33.1-2 or F31.3-4) and 32 healthy controls using the colour buttons of the Farnsworth Munsell 100-Hue test. Data were analysed by standard tests for comparing two groups (t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Chi-square test) and by ordinal regression and generalised estimating equation models. Results: Depressed patients failed significantly earlier (i.e., at larger differences between adjacent buttons) to discriminate between colours. This finding was retained after adjustment for potential confounders. There was no significant association with age, gender or depression score. Conclusions: We found a reduction in the ability to discriminate colours in depressed patients. This finding underlines the importance of sensory deficits as part of the symptomatology of depression. Sensory impairments should be taken into account in clinical care of patients with depression and should be included in diagnostic manuals. Further studies in larger samples including intra-individual comparisons between the depressed and the remitted state of patients are needed. Key points In clinical practice, an impairment of sensory perception is frequently reported by depressed patients. However, no mention of these symptoms is made in the commonly used diagnostic manuals. In this pilot study, depressed patients and controls differed significantly in terms of the ability to discriminate colours with patients performing worse than their healthy counterparts. Sensory impairments should be taken into account in clinical care of patients with depression and should be included in diagnostic manuals.