Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu sınırboyu bal arısı populasyonlarının (Apis mellifera L.) morfolojik özellikleri

Bu calismada, guneydogu sinirboyunda Turkiye ile komsulari Suriye ve Iran bal arisi populasyonlarinin morfolojik ozellikleri bakimindan tanimlanmasi ve karsilastirilmasi amaclanmistir.Arastirma materyali isci arilar, Turkiye’nin guneydogu sinirboyunda Van, Hakkari, Şirnak, Mardin, Şanliurfa, Kilis ve Hatay illerinden; Suriye’nin Lazkiye, Idlib, Halep, Rakka ve Dayr az-Zawr illerinden; Iran’in Maku, Khoy ve Urmiye illerinden 2008 yili yaz doneminde toplanmistir. Uc ulkede, 38 arilikta, 167 bal arisi kolonisinden toplam 3340 bal arisi 32 morfolojik ozellik bakimindan incelenmistir.Koloni ortalamalarina uygulanan diskriminant analizinde 15 grubun morfolojik ozellikleri bakimindan orijinal gruplarina dogru atanma orani %92.2 olarak bulunmustur. Van, Mardin, Lazkiye, Halep, Rakka, Dayr az-Zawr ve Khoy’daki tum koloniler %100 oraninda orijinal gruplarinda yer almistir. Koloni ortalamalarina gore; Van, Hakkari, Şirnak ve Iran birbirine yakin bir kume, Şanliurfa ve Kilis yakin bir kume, Hatay ve Suriye birbirine yakin bir kume olustururken Mardin diger gruplarin tumunden ayri bir kume olusturmustur.Turkiye-Suriye-Iran gruplari karsilastirildiginda; toplam 3340 bal arisinin orijinal gruplarinda dogru siniflandirilma orani %71.4 olarak bulunmustur. Turkiye bal arilarinin orijinal gruplarinda dogru siniflandirilma orani %64.6, Suriye bal arilarinin %80.7, Iran bal arilarinin ise %91.8’dir. Turkiye ve Suriye grubu ic ice gecmis bir kume olustururken, Iran grubu bu iki gruba yakin ancak daha birornek bir kume olusturmustur.Calisma sonucunda Turkiye’nin guneydogu sinirboyu bal arilarinin cografik komsulari olan Suriye ve Iran bal arilari ile etkilesim icerisinde oldugu ve morfolojik ozellikleri bakimindan benzestigi bulunmustur.Abstract The purpose of this study was to classify and compare honey bee populations of Turkey, Syria and Iran with their morphometric traits.Worker honey bees were sampled from populations of Van, Hakkari, Şirnak, Mardin, Şanliurfa, Kilis and Hatay in Turkey; Lattakia, Idlib, Aleppo, Ar-Raqqah and Dayr az-Zawr in Syria; Urmia, Maku and Khoy in Iran which are located along the common border in the Southeast of Turkey. In 2008 summer, 38 apiaries along the border in 3 countries were visited and 3340 worker honey bee specimen collected from 167 colonies.Discriminant analyses of morphometric data showed that the 92.2% of colonies were placed in their own groups. Only Van, Mardin, Lattakia, Aleppo, Ar-Raqqah, Dayr az-Zawr and Khoy colonies were included in their own groups by 100 percent. According to colony averages; three overlapping clusters of Van-Hakkari-Şirnak-Iran, Şanliurfa-Kilis and Hatay-Syria were formed separately. Mardin group showed a distinct cluster in the analyses.When Turkey-Syria-Iran groups were analyzed with individual data 71.4% of the 3340 worker honey bees were assigned to their own groups. Upon analysis of this percentage it was found that 64.6%, 80.7% and 91.8% of individuals were assigned to their country groups of Turkey, Syria and Iran, respectively. Iran population showed more uniformity than Turkey and Syria populations which were intermingled.In conclusion, honeybees from southeast border of Turkey were interacted with honeybee populations of geographical neighbours Syria and Iran and morphological similarities were determined.