Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Continuance Intention to Use Health Apps among Users over 60: A Test of Social Cognitive Model

Promoting healthy behavior among seniors is important in reducing the burden of care and healthcare expenses in a rapidly aging society. Health apps can play an important role in health promotion for older adults, but the level of user retention in health apps is low. To increase continued health app use among older adults, this study examined the factors influencing older users’ continuance intentions to use health apps. The research model was developed based on the social cognitive theory of health behavior, which integrates cognitive, environmental, and behavioral perspectives. To test the research model, an anonymous online survey was conducted among respondents aged 60 to 79 years who were using health apps. The measurement items in the questionnaire were developed based on validated scales from the literature. A total of 250 samples were analyzed. The assessment of the measurement model indicates that the reliability and validity of the items are satisfactory. The results of testing the structural model illustrate the determinants of health app continuance intention: health technology self-efficacy, self-evaluative outcome expectations, self-regulation, and privacy risk. The interrelationships among determinants are also investigated. Theoretical and practical implications are suggested to encourage older adults’ continued health app use and promote their health behavior over the long term.
Conditional Control of Instrumental Avoidance by Context Following Extinction

Using rodents, three training arrangements (i.e., ABB vs. ABA, AAA vs. AAB and ABB vs. ABC) explored whether extinction influences the expression of avoidance in a manner controlled by context. Retention testing following extinction showed that more avoidance responding (i.e., renewal) was observed when extinguished cues were tested outside of the context where they had undergone extinction. In contrast, response rates were significantly lower when stimuli were tested within the context where extinction learning had occurred. These findings add to the emerging literature assessing the role of Pavlovian extinction processes in the development of instrumental avoidance responding by demonstrating conditional control over extinguished responding by context. This study was conducted using a within-subjects approach that minimized the potential for context-outcome associations to bias responding, and thus, reflects hierarchical control over behavior based on the specific associative status of each tested cue in each training context.
Epidemiologic, Postmortem Computed Tomography-Morphologic and Biomechanical Analysis of the Effects of Non-Invasive External Pelvic Stabilizers in Genuine Unstable Pelvic Injuries

Unstable pelvic injuries are rare (3–8% of all fractures) but are associated with a mortality of up to 30%. An effective way to treat venous and cancellous sources of bleeding prehospital is to reduce intrapelvic volume with external noninvasive pelvic stabilizers. Scientifically reliable data regarding pelvic volume reduction and applicable pressure are lacking. Epidemiologic data were collected, and multiple post-mortem CT scans and biomechanical measurements were performed on real, unstable pelvic injuries. Unstable pelvic injury was shown to be the leading source of bleeding in only 19%. All external non-invasive pelvic stabilizers achieved intrapelvic volume reduction; the T-POD® succeeded best on average (333 ± 234 cm3), but with higher average peak traction (110 N). The reduction results of the VBM® pneumatic pelvic sling consistently showed significantly better results at a pressure of 200 mmHg than at 100 mmHg at similar peak traction forces. All pelvic stabilizers exhibited the highest peak tensile force shortly after application. Unstable pelvic injuries must be considered as an indicator of serious concomitant injuries. Stabilization should be performed prehospital with specific pelvic stabilizers, such as the T-POD® or the VBM® pneumatic pelvic sling. We recommend adjusting the pressure recommendation of the VBM® pneumatic pelvic sling to 200 mmHg.
Consolidation, Stages of Change, and Loyalty among Users of Public Sports and Health Services Aged 12–16

There are two main lines of inquiry in the literature on adherence and/or loyalty to the practice of physical activity and to health services: one focuses on the impact of perceived quality of sports and health services and satisfaction with these services on user loyalty, while the other concludes that users with more self-determined motivation at more advanced stages of physical activity display higher levels of physical activity and greater intentions to continue this activity. The objective of this study is to ascertain the impact of different dimensions of sports service quality on satisfaction and loyalty among users aged 12 to 16 years old and to identify any differences between adolescent users at more and less consolidated stages of physical activity. A total of 1717 minors with a mean age of 13.83 ± 1.32 years who practise organised physical activity at public sports centres in Nuevo León (Mexico), 51.5% of whom were boys, participated in the study. The model of structural equations linking quality, satisfaction, and loyalty displayed adequate indices. The results showed that the staff, specific activity, and user satisfaction are predictors of loyalty. Significant differences were only found between minors at consolidated and non-consolidated stages of physical activity in the relationship between service personnel and loyalty. In conclusion, human resources and their deployment are predictive of loyalty towards sports and health services among adolescents.
Oral Health Knowledge Gaps and Their Impact on the Role of Pediatricians: A Multicentric Study

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the current level of pediatricians to promote oral health. In particular, the study sought to determine whether years of experience were associated with the dentistry knowledge of pediatricians. Materials and Methods: Online recruitment was used to obtain a sample of pediatricians from the United States of America, Greece, and Saudi Arabia. These three countries are the participants in this research project. The participants completed an anonymous, online, self-administered questionnaire. This questionnaire is available upon request. The differences in responses to knowledge questions, attitude questions, and solution questions were examined with respect to years of experience. Poisson regression models were used to examine whether these differences were statistically significant. Results: A total of 313 pediatricians participated in the study. The study found moderate levels of dental knowledge among pediatricians. A total of 53.4% reported that they had adequate knowledge to make the right recommendations on oral health for patients and parents. Compared to the participants in a residency program, the participants with 5 to 10 years of experience were over 2.72 times as likely to report adequate knowledge, and participants with 10 years of experience or more were nearly 1.98 times as likely to report adequate knowledge. There was a significant association between dentistry knowledge questions and attitude. Conclusion: The current level of influence of pediatricians in promoting pediatric oral health is limited to moderate. The gaps in oral health knowledge remain an issue, even among a broad sample of pediatricians from Greece, Saudi Arabia, and the United States, particularly pediatricians with less work experience.
Improving ANFO: Effect of Additives and Ammonium Nitrate Morphology on Detonation Parameters

Ammonium nitrate–fuel oil (ANFO) is one of the most widely used explosives for civilian purposes. Its main advantages are its low price and simple method of production. The main disadvantages of this material are low water resistance and problems related to non-ideal detonation, which can be a potential hazard when using ANFO. Due to this, research has been conducted for many years to find suitable additives for ANFO that would have the effect of offsetting its drawbacks. The aim of this review was to describe factors affecting the energetic properties of ANFO, including the highlighting of substances that could potentially be additives to ANFO formulations that would reduce the negative effects of non-ideal detonation, while avoiding adversely impacting the effectiveness of the explosive in blasting operations, as well as its sensitivity parameters.
Fibers of Thermoplastic Copolyamides with Carbon Nanotubes for Electromagnetic Shielding Applications

Polymer composites containing carbon nanofillers are extensively developed for electromagnetic shielding applications, where lightweight and flexible materials are required. One example of the microwave absorbers can be thermoplastic fibers fabricated from copolyamide hot melt adhesives and 7 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, as presented in this paper. A broadband dielectric spectroscopy confirmed that the addition of carbon nanotubes significantly increased microwave electrical properties of the thin (diameter about 100 μm) thermoplastic fibers. Moreover, the dielectric properties are improved for the thicker fibers, and they are almost stable at the frequency range 26–40 GHz and not dependent on the temperature. The variances in the dielectric properties of the fibers are associated with the degree of orientation of carbon nanotubes and the presence of bundles, which were examined using a high-resolution scanning microscope. Analyzing the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite fibers, as an effect of the carbon nanotubes addition, an improvement in the stiffness of the fibers was observed, together with a decrease in the fibers’ elongation and tensile strength.
Global Glaucoma Staging System (GGSS): A New Method to Simultaneously Assess the Severity of Both Functional and Structural Damage in Glaucoma

Background: The classification of damage in glaucoma is usually based either on visual field or optical coherent tomography (OCT) assessment. No currently available method is able to simultaneously categorize functional and structural damage. Material and Methods: In this study, 283 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma (OAG) at different stages and 67 healthy subjects were tested with both standard automated perimetry and spectral domain OCT for retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) assessment. The visual field data were classified using the Glaucoma Staging System 2, whereas OCT results were processed with the OCT Glaucoma Staging System. These data were used to create a new staging system (global glaucoma staging system, GGSS), in which the severity of visual field and RNFL damage is reported on the Y and X axis, respectively. The GGSS was tested in a different sample of 147 patients with manifest OAG, 56 with preperimetric glaucoma and 43 normal subjects. A six-stage clinical classification, based on the analysis of visual fields and optic disc appearance, was used as gold standard. Results: The GGSS was able to correctly classify in the same stage or within the immediately adjacent stages 145 cases on 147 (98.6%). Fifty-four preperimetric cases (96.4%) were classified as borderline or abnormal (Stage 1 or 2). Here, 41 normal eyes out of 43 were correctly classified as Stage 0, with a specificity of 95.3%. Conclusions: Preliminary results from this study are encouraging and suggest that the new GGSS is able to provide information concerning the severity of structural and functional damage in an integrated manner.
Identification and Cloning of a CC-NBS-NBS-LRR Gene as a Candidate of Pm40 by Integrated Analysis of Both the Available Transcriptional Data and Published Linkage Mapping

Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the obligate parasite Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, severely reduces wheat yields. Identifying durable and effective genes against wheat powdery mildew and further transferring them into wheat cultivars is important for finally controlling this disease in wheat production. Pm40 has been widely used in wheat breeding programs in Southwest China due to the spectrum and potentially durable resistance to powdery mildew. In the present study, a resistance test demonstrated that Pm40 is still effective against the Bgt race E20. We identified and cloned the TraesCS7B01G164000 with a total length of 4883 bp, including three exons and two introns, and encoded a protein carrying the CC-NBS-NBS-LRR domain in the Pm40-linked region flanked by two EST markers, BF478514 and BF291338, by integrating analysis of gene annotation in wheat reference genome and both sequence and expression difference in available transcriptome data. Two missense mutations were detected at positions 68 and 83 in the CC domain. The results of both cosegregation linkage analysis and qRT-PCR also suggested that TraesCS7B01G164000 was a potential candidate gene of Pm40. This study allowed us to move toward the final successfully clone and apply Pm40 in wheat resistance improvement by gene engineering.
The effect of dilution on eco‐evolutionary dynamics of experimental microbial communities

Abstract Changing environmental conditions can infer structural modifications of predator‐prey communities. New conditions often increase mortality which reduces population sizes. Following this, predation pressure may decrease until populations are dense again. Dilution may thus have substantial impact not only on ecological but also on evolutionary dynamics because it amends population densities. Experimental studies, in which microbial populations are maintained by a repeated dilution into fresh conditions after a certain period, are extensively used approaches allowing us to obtain mechanistic insights into fundamental processes. By design, dilution, which depends on transfer volume (modifying mortality) and transfer interval (determining the time of interaction), is an inherent feature of these experiments, but often receives little attention. We further explore previously published data from a live predator‐prey (bacteria and ciliates) system which investigated eco‐evolutionary principles and apply a mathematical model to predict how various transfer volumes and transfer intervals would affect such an experiment. We find not only the ecological dynamics to be modified by both factors but also the evolutionary rates to be affected. Our work predicts that the evolution of the anti‐predator defense in the bacteria, and the evolution of the predation efficiency in the ciliates, both slow down with lower transfer volume, but speed up with longer transfer intervals. Our results provide testable hypotheses for future studies of predator‐prey systems, and we hope this work will help improve our understanding of how ecological and evolutionary processes together shape composition of microbial communities.
Neutrophil-derived heparin binding protein triggers vascular leakage and synergizes with myeloperoxidase at the early stage of severe burns (With video)

Abstract Background Burn shock caused by vascular leakage is one of the main causes of high mortality in severe burn injury. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of vascular leakage is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of vascular leakage in the early stage of severe burn and provide a new target for the treatment of severe burns. Methods Neutrophils were isolated from human peripheral blood by magnetic beads sorting. ELISA was used to detect neutrophil-derived granule proteins and glycocalyx injury products in plasma. The vascular leakage and neutrophil movement were assessed by in vivo laser confocal imaging in mice, and high-quality video were provided. Adhesion-related molecules were investigated by qRT-PCR. The damage to glycocalyx of mice vascular endothelial cells was observed by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. Proteomic analysis, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to further study the relationship between human peripheral blood neutrophil-derived hypochlorite (HOCl) and CD44 of human vascular endothelial cells. Results In this study, we found that rapidly increasing activated neutrophils secrete heparin binding protein (HBP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) after severe burn injury. Increased HBP triggers vascular leakage with synergy of MPO, results in systemic edema and burn shock. Furthermore, we found that the MPO catalytic product HOCl but not MPO triggers CD44 extracellular domain shedding from vascular endothelial cells to damage the glycocalyx. Damage to the glycocalyx results in firm adhesion of neutrophils and increases vascular leakage. However, MPO inhibitors partially protect the glycocalyx of vascular endothelial cells. The combination of HBP and MPO inhibitors markedly reduces vascular leakage and systemic edema in the early stage of severe burns. Conclusions Taken together, these data reveal that neutrophil-derived HBP and MPO play an important synergies role in triggering vascular leakage at the early stage of severe burns. Targeted intervention in these two biomolecules may introduce new strategies for helping to reduce large amount of fluid loss and subsequent burn shock.
Perception of Parents Towards COVID-19 Vaccine for Children in Saudi Population

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease that is caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the rapid spread of this pandemic, vaccination has been a breakthrough solution. At the time of conducting the study, COVID-19 vaccines were only approved for adults 18 years and older. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the parents’ likelihood of vaccinating their children once the recommendation for pediatric vaccination is established. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which a self-administered survey was distributed to all parents visiting National Guard primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaires were distributed to parents attending primary care clinics. Data collected in the questionnaire include demographics (gender, marital status, educational level, and age), questions assessing parental perception towards the COVID-19 vaccine, and willingness to offer the vaccine to their children. Results A total of 333 respondents completed the survey with a response rate of 83.3%. Half of the participants were males and the other half were females with the majority (45.6%) aged between 31 and 40 years old. In terms of parental acceptability of vaccinating their children against COVID-19, 53.7% of the parents were willing to vaccinate their children as opposed to 27% who were reluctant to do so. Of those who refused, 97.5% and 96.6% cited lack of information and evidence, respectively, as the most common reasons for not accepting COVID-19 vaccine. We have found that age of the parents, especially those 31-40 years old, age of their children, especially 4-12 years old, and previous acceptance of the seasonal influenza vaccine were significantly associated with higher parental acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine. In contrast, gender, marital status and educational level were not statistically significant factors. Conclusion As COVID-19 spread globally and made people's lives in danger, vaccination became a highly important measure to halt the spread of the disease. Parents are now given the choice of protecting their beloved children from COVID-19 infection and its possible complications. Based on our findings, we noticed that majority of parents are going to vaccinate their children. In addition, some certain age groups of parents and children were significantly associated with decreased vaccine hesitancy to take the COVID-19 vaccine.
Cellular and Molecular Targets of Nucleotide-Tagged Trithiolato-Bridged Arene Ruthenium Complexes in the Protozoan Parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma brucei

Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite that infects and proliferates within many different types of host cells and infects virtually all warm-blooded animals and humans. Trypanosoma brucei is an extracellular kinetoplastid that causes human African trypanosomiasis and Nagana disease in cattle, primarily in rural sub-Saharan Africa. Current treatments against both parasites have limitations, e.g., suboptimal efficacy and adverse side effects. Here, we investigate the potential cellular and molecular targets of a trithiolato-bridged arene ruthenium complex conjugated to 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenine (1), which inhibits both parasites with IC50s below 10−7 M. Proteins that bind to 1 were identified using differential affinity chromatography (DAC) followed by shotgun-mass spectrometry. A trithiolato-bridged ruthenium complex decorated with hypoxanthine (2) and 2-hydroxyethyl-adenine (3) were included as controls. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed distinct ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondrion induced by (1) but not by (2) and (3) in both species. DAC revealed 128 proteins in T. gondii and 46 proteins in T. brucei specifically binding to 1 but not 2 or 3. In T. gondii, the most abundant was a protein with unknown function annotated as YOU2. This protein is a homolog to the human mitochondrial inner membrane translocase subunit Tim10. In T. brucei, the most abundant proteins binding specifically to 1 were mitochondrial ATP-synthase subunits. Exposure of T. brucei bloodstream forms to 1 resulted in rapid breakdown of the ATP-synthase complex. Moreover, both datasets contained proteins involved in key steps of metabolism and nucleic acid binding proteins.
Beyond Nicotinamide Metabolism: Potential Role of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase as a Biomarker in Skin Cancers

Simple Summary Skin cancers (SC) are a frequent type of malignancy in white populations and include malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Due to their increasing incidence rate worldwide, aggressive behavior, and usually late diagnosis, they represent an important challenge for health care systems. Therefore, identifying new biomarkers suitable for diagnosis, as well as for prognosis and targeted therapy is mandatory. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is an enzyme that plays a key role in the progression of several malignancies. There is increasing evidence that NNMT is also involved in the malignant behavior of SC. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current state of the art regarding NNMT role in SC and to support future studies focused on exploring the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NNMT in skin malignancies, as well as its suitability for targeted therapy. Abstract Skin cancers (SC) collectively represent the most common type of malignancy in white populations. SC includes two main forms: malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSC includes different subtypes, namely, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), and keratoacanthoma (KA), together with the two pre-neoplastic conditions Bowen disease (BD) and actinic keratosis (AK). Both malignant melanoma and NMSC are showing an increasing incidence rate worldwide, thus representing an important challenge for health care systems, also because, with some exceptions, SC are generally characterized by an aggressive behavior and are often diagnosed late. Thus, identifying new biomarkers suitable for diagnosis, as well as for prognosis and targeted therapy is mandatory. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is an enzyme that is emerging as a crucial player in the progression of several malignancies, while its substrate, nicotinamide, is known to exert chemopreventive effects. Since there is increasing evidence regarding the involvement of this enzyme in the malignant behavior of SC, the current review aims to summarize the state of the art as concerns NNMT role in SC and to support future studies focused on exploring the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NNMT in skin malignancies and its suitability for targeted therapy.