Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strange and Charm Quark Spins from the Anomalous Ward Identity

We present a calculation of the strange and charm quark contributions to the nucleon spin from the anomalous Ward identity (AWI). It is performed with overlap valence quarks on 2+1-flavor domain-wall fermion gauge configurations on a $24^3 \times 64$ lattice with the light sea mass at $m_{\pi} = 330$ MeV. To satisfy the AWI, the overlap fermion for the pseudoscalar density and the overlap Dirac operator for the topological density, which do not have multiplicative renormalization, are used to normalize the form factor of the local axial-vector current at finite $q^2$. For the charm quark, we find that the negative pseudoscalar term almost cancels the positive topological term. For the strange quark, the pseudoscalar term is less negative than that of the charm. By imposing the AWI, the strange $g_A(q^2)$ at $q^2 =0$ is obtained by a global fit of the pseudoscalar and the topological form factors, together with $g_A(q^2)$ and the induced pseudoscalar form factor $h_A(q^2)$ at finite $q^2$. The chiral extrapolation to the physical pion mass gives $\Delta s + \Delta {\bar{s}} = -0.0403(44)(78)$.
Infrared 3–4 μm Spectroscopy of Nearby PG QSOs and AGN–Nuclear Starburst Connections in High-Luminosity AGN Populations

We present the results of infrared L-band (3-4 micron) slit spectroscopy of 30 PG QSOs at z < 0.17, the representative sample of local high-luminosity, optically selected AGNs. The 3.3 micron polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission feature is used to probe nuclear (< a few kpc) starburst activity and to investigate the connections between AGNs and nuclear starbursts in PG QSOs. The 3.3 micron PAH emission is detected in the individual spectra of 5/30 of the observed PG QSOs. We construct a composite spectrum of PAH-undetected PG QSOs and discern the presence of the 3.3 micron PAH emission therein. We estimate the nuclear-starburst and AGN luminosities from the observed 3.3 micron PAH emission and 3.35 micron continuum luminosities, respectively, and find that the nuclear-starburst-to-AGN luminosity ratios in PG QSOs are similar to those of previously studied AGN populations with lower luminosities, suggesting that AGN-nuclear starburst connections are valid over the wide luminosity range of AGNs in the local universe. The observed nuclear-starburst-to-AGN luminosity ratios in PG QSOs with available supermassive black hole masses are comparable to a theoretical prediction based on the assumption that the growth of a supermassive black hole is controlled by starburst-induced turbulence.
On the summation of divergent, truncated, and underspecified power series via asymptotic approximants

A compact and accurate solution method is provided for problems whose infinite power series solution diverges and/or whose series coefficients are only known up to a finite order. The method only requires that either the power series solution or some truncation of the power series solution be available and that some asymptotic behavior of the solution is known away from the series' expansion point. Here, we formalize the method of asymptotic approximants that has found recent success in its application to thermodynamic virial series where only a few to (at most) a dozen series coefficients are typically known. We demonstrate how asymptotic approximants may be constructed using simple recurrence relations, obtained through the use of a few known rules of series manipulation. The result is an approximant that bridges two asymptotic regions of the unknown exact solution, while maintaining accuracy in-between. A general algorithm is provided to construct such approximants. To demonstrate the versatility of the method, approximants are constructed for three nonlinear problems relevant to mathematical physics: the Sakiadis boundary layer, the Blasius boundary layer, and the Flierl-Petviashvili monopole. The power series solution to each of these problems is underspecified since, in the absence of numerical simulation, one lower-order coefficient is not known; consequently, higher-order coefficients that depend recursively on this coefficient are also unknown. The constructed approximants are capable of predicting this unknown coefficient as well as other important properties inherent to each problem. The approximants lead to new benchmark values for the Sakiadis boundary layer and agree with recent numerical values for properties of the Blasius boundary layer and Flierl-Petviashvili monopole.
Affordable echelle spectroscopy of the eccentric HAT-P-2, WASP-14 and XO-3 planetary systems with a sub-meter-class telescope

A new off-shelf low-cost echelle spectrograph was installed recently on the 0.6m telescope at the Stara Lesna Observatory (Slovakia). In this paper we describe in details the radial velocity (RV) analysis of the first three transiting planetary systems, HAT-P-2, WASP-14 and XO-3, observed with this instrument. Furthermore, we compare our data with the RV data achieved with echelle spectrographs of other sub-meter-, meter- and two-meter-class telescopes in terms of their precision. Finally, we investigate the applicability of our RV data for modeling orbital parameters.
Thermodynamics of adsorption of light alkanes and alkenes in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles

The thermodynamics of adsorption of light alkanes and alkenes (CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C3H8, and C3H6) in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles is studied by configurational-bias grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation. The bundles consist of uniform nanotubes with diameters in the range 11.0 < D (A) < 18.1, arranged in the usual close-packed hexagonal lattice. The phase space is systematically analyzed with calculations for adsorption at room temperature and reduced pressure range of 8.7 x 10-9 < (p/p0) < 0.9. The simulation results are interpreted in terms of the molecular nature of the adsorbate and the corresponding solid-fluid interactions. It is shown that confinement in the internal volume of the bundle (interstitial and intratubular) is energetically more favorable than physisorption on the external surface (grooves and exposed surfaces of peripheral tubes), as indicated by the curves of isosteric heat as a function of reduced pressure. However, the zero-loading properties suggest a crossover point to this behavior for D = 18 - 19 A. When interstitial confinement is not inhibited by geometrical considerations, it is possible to establish the following ordering of the zero-loading isosteric heat by type of adsorption site.
A near-infrared variability study in the cloud IC1396W: low star-forming efficiency and two new eclipsing binaries

Identifying the population of young stellar objects (YSOs) in high-extinction regions is a pre-requisite for studies of star formation. This task is not trivial, as reddened background objects can be indistinguishable from YSOs in near-infrared colour-colour diagrams. Here we combine deep JHK photometry with J- and K-band light curves, obtained with the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope, to explore the YSO population in the dark cloud IC1396W. We demonstrate that a colour-variability criterion can provide useful constraints on the star-forming activity in embedded regions. For IC1396W we find that a near-infrared colour analysis alone vastly overestimates the number of YSOs. In total, the globule probably harbours not more than 10 YSOs, among them a system of two young stars embedded in a small (â? ¼10 000 au) reflection nebula. This translates into a star-forming efficiency (SFE) of â? ¼1 per cent, which is low compared with nearby more massive star-forming regions, but similar to less massive globules. We confirm that IC1396W is likely associated with the IC1396 H ii region. One possible explanation for the low SFE is the relatively large distance to the ionizing O star in the central part of IC1396. Serendipitously, our variability campaign yields two new eclipsing binaries, and eight periodic variables, most of them with the characteristics of contact binaries. Â© 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation Â© 2010 RAS.
Quantum gauge confinement of multiple quarks based on the homogeneous 5D projection theory

A quick and simplified review of the 5D quantum field theory is presented. The role of topological mapping, which must preserve gauge invariance, is done in two ways, leading to the realization of the gauge transformation in the 5D space-time becoming two separate gauge constraints, one for the multi-quark state quark constituents, while the other is the quantum confinement imposed on the gluon potentials, formed from products of vector potentials generated by products of the fractional charged quark currents. The procedure presented clearly shows multi-quark states can be designed and that they can be verified by experiments, such as the penta-quark state reported. Based on these gauge constraints we propose the existence of 4, 5 and 6 quark states.
Prediction of friction coefficient of su-8 and its composite coatings using machine learning techniques

Machine learning (ML) techniques are used to predict the coefficient of friction of an epoxy polymer resin (SU-8) and its composite coatings deposited on a silicon wafer. Filler type and the number of cycles are taken as the input parameters. The filler types included, two solid fillers namely, graphite and talc, and a liquid filler such as Perfluoropolyether (PFPE). Six variations of the SU8 coatings were developed based on the different combinations of filers used and tested. The experimental data generated for these different coatings for varying number of cycles (0 to 499) was used to train the different ML algorithms like ANN, SVM, CART, and RF to predict the coefficient of friction. The performance of these ML techniques was compared by calculating mean absolute error (MAE), root means square error (RMSE), and square of the correlation coefficient (R2). The ANN algorithm was observed to have the best (R2) metrics while the other ML techniques SVM, CART, and RF had a satisfactory performance with some inaccuracies seen for the CART algorithm for the data set under consideration.
Effective weed management strategy for maize (Zea mays) under rainfed condition of southern Rajasthan

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2015 and 2016 at Agricultural Research Station (MPUAT), Banswara, Rajasthan to find out effective weed management strategy for enhancing productivity and economic return of maize (Zea mays L.) under rain-fed condition of southern Rajasthan. Ten treatment combinations of pre-emergence (atrazine and pendimethalin), post-emergence (2,4-D amine, halosulfuron and tembotrione) herbicides with weed free and weedy check were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The result revealed that application of atrazine 50WP @1.5 kg/ha PE fb tembotrione 42SC @286 g/ha POE at 25 DAS significantly reduced weed density and weed dry weight with increased weed control efficiency and weed control index at 50 DAS as compared to other herbicidal treatments. The weed free treatment gave significantly higher plant height, yield attributes, grain yield (6.31 and 6.86 t/ha) and stover yield (6.87 and 8.15 t/ha), HEI (67.51%) and gross return (₹ 88363/ha) followed by application of atrazine as PE fb tembotrione as POE at 25 DAS over rest of the treatments. While, net return (₹ 55498/ha) and B:C ratio (2.05) recorded highest with application of atrazine PE fb tembotrione POE at 25 DAS than weed free and rest of the treatments. Hence, sequential application of atrazine 50WP @1.5 kg/ha PE fb tembotrione 42SC @286 g/ha POE at 25 DAS may be recommended for enhancing productivity and economic return through effective weed management in maize under rainfed condition of southern Rajasthan.
Psychosocial Context of OSH-Remote Work of Academic Teachers in the Perspective of Sustainable Development

The purpose of the research paper is to analyse the factors affecting remote work in terms of the selected socio-economic criteria and to determine which elements contribute the most to the development of sustainable work. In addition, the study describes the issues of remote education at the academic level and the challenges faced by academic teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The whole is embedded in the issues of occupational health and safety, with particular emphasis on the psychosocial aspects of the occupational safety of academic teachers in Poland. In the research process, the TOPSIS multi-criteria analysis tool (technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution) was used, as well as AHP (analytical hierarchy process), as an auxiliary method. The use of these methods made it possible to select the most important variable and to determine the ranking of factors affecting the analysed problem. Findings: According to the conducted research, the most important factor affecting the safety of remote work—in relation to the selected sustainability criteria—is overwork/workload. An equally important element was stress during remote work, as well as the organization of time, with consideration to the balance between work and home duties. The research has shown that the selected aspects of remote work can have a significant impact on the achievement of sustainable development goals by a given organization, and in relation to individuals, on the quality of life and the sense of safety and health at work.
Emotions and virality: Social transmission of political messages on Twitter

Drawing on previous literature that valence and arousal constitute the fundamental properties of emotions and that emotional content is a determinant of social transmission, this study examines the role of valence and arousal in the social transmission of politicians’ messages on Twitter. For over 3,000 tweets from five Austrian party leaders, the discrete emotion that the message intended to elicit in its recipients was captured by human coders and then classified on its valence (positive or negative) and arousal (low or high). We examined the effects of valence and arousal on the retweet probability of messages. Results indicate that tweets eliciting a negative (vs. positive) valence decreased retweet probability, whereas tweets eliciting a high (vs. low) arousal increased retweet probability. The present research replicates previous findings that arousal constitutes a determinant of social transmission but extends this mechanism to the realm of political communication on Twitter. Moreover, in contrast to the frequently mentioned negativity bias, positive emotions increased the likelihood of a message being shared in this study.
The vector curvaton

We analyze a massive vector field with a non-canonical kinetic term in the action, minimally coupled to gravity, where the mass and kinetic function of the vector field vary as functions of time during inflation. The vector field is introduced following the same idea of a scalar curvaton, which must not affect the inflationary dynamics since its energy density during inflation is negligible compared to the total energy density in the Universe. Using this hypothesis, the vector curvaton will be solely responsible for generating the primordial curvature perturbation ζ. We have found that the spectra of the vector field perturbations are scale-invariant in superhorizon scales due to the suitable choice of the time dependence of the kinetic function and the effective mass during inflation. The preferred direction, generated by the vector field, makes the spectrum of ζ depend on the wavevector, i.e. there exists statistical anisotropy in ζ . This is discussed principally in the case where the mass of the vecto.
On the Physical Origin of Galactic Conformity

Correlations between the star formation rates (SFRs) of nearby galaxies (socalled galactic conformity) have been observed for projected separations up to 4 Mpc, an eect not predicted by current semi-analytic models. We investigate correlations between the mass accretion rates (dMvir=dt) of nearby halos as a potential physical origin for this eect. We nd that pairs of host halos \know about" each others’ assembly histories even when their present-day separation is greater than thirty times the virial radius of either halo. These distances are far too large for direct interaction between the halos to explain the correlation in their dMvir=dt: Instead, halo pairs at these distances reside in the same largescale tidal environment, which regulates dMvir=dt for both halos. Larger halos are less aected by external forces, which naturally gives rise to a mass dependence of the halo conformity signal. SDSS measurements of galactic conformity exhibit a qualitatively similar dependence on stellar mass, including how the signal varies with distance. Based on the expectation that halo accretion and galaxy SFR are correlated, we predict the scale-, mass- and redshift-dependence of large-scale galactic conformity, nding that the signal should drop to undetectable levels by z & 1. These predictions are testable with current surveys to z 1; conrmation would establish a strong correlation between dark matter halo accretion rate and central galaxy SFR.
Turbulent transport and entrainment in jets and plumes: a DNS study

We present a new DNS data set for a statistically axisymmetric turbulent jet, plume and forced plume in a domain of size $40 r_0 \times 40 r_0 \times 60 r_0$, where $r_0$ is the source diameter. The data set provides evidence of the validity of the Priestley and Ball entrainment model in unstratified environments (excluding the region near the source), which is corroborated further by the Wang and Law and Ezzamel \emph{et al.} experimental data sets, the latter being corrected for a small but influential co-flow that affected the statistics. We show that the turbulence in the core region of the jet and the plume are practically indistinguishable, although the invariants of the anisotropy tensor reveal a significant change in the turbulence near the plume edge. The DNS data indicates that the turbulent Prandtl number is about 0.7 for both jets and plumes. For plumes, this value is a result of the difference in the ratio of the radial turbulent transport of radial momentum and buoyancy. For jets however, the value originates from a different spread of the buoyancy and velocity profiles, in spite of the fact that the ratio of radial turbulent transport terms is approximately unity. The DNS data does not show any evidence of similarity drift associated with gradual variations in the ratio of buoyancy profile to velocity profile widths.
Convective Velocity Suppression via the Enhancement of the Subadiabatic Layer: Role of the Effective Prandtl Number

It has recently been recognized that the convective velocities achieved in current solar convection simulations might be overestimated. The newly revealed effects of the prevailing small-scale magnetic field within the convection zone may offer possible solutions to this problem. The small-scale magnetic fields can reduce the convective amplitude of small-scale motions through the Lorentz-force feedback, which concurrently inhibits the turbulent mixing of entropy between upflows and downflows. As a result, the effective Prandtl number may exceed unity inside the solar convection zone. In this paper, we propose and numerically confirm a possible suppression mechanism of convective velocity in the effectively high-Prandtl number regime. If the effective horizontal thermal diffusivity decreases (the Prandtl number accordingly increases), the subadiabatic layer which is formed near the base of the convection zone by continuous depositions of low entropy transported by adiabatically downflowing plumes is enhanced and extended. The global convective amplitude in the high-Prandtl thermal convection is thus reduced, especially in the lower part of the convection zone via the change in the mean entropy profile, which becomes more subadiabatic near the base and less superadiabatic in the bulk.
Mu2e Technical Design Report

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for charged lepton flavor violation via the coherent conversion process mu- N -->e- N with a sensitivity approximately four orders of magnitude better than the current world's best limits for this process. The experiment's sensitivity offers discovery potential over a wide array of new physics models and probes mass scales well beyond the reach of the LHC. We describe herein the preliminary design of the proposed Mu2e experiment. This document was created in partial fulfillment of the requirements necessary to obtain DOE CD-2 approval.
Analysis of Post-Exercise Acute Hemodynamic Sustainability in Different Training Methods in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes

Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) is one of the sports modalities that uses strength training with high loads, causing various physiological responses resulting from hemodynamic adaptations. Objective: To evaluate hemodynamic responses after traditional (TT) and eccentric (ET) training sessions in PP athletes. Methods: Twelve national-level PP athletes, aged: (Mean ± SD) 30.8 ± 10.05 years; 70.0 ± 16.1 kg. In the intervention, five sets of five repetitions (5 × 5) of the bench press at 80% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) were used; in the TT and in the ET, 5 × 5 of the bench press with a load in the eccentric phase of 110% and that in the concentric phase of 80% of 1RM were used. Results: Compared to baseline, heart rate was significantly elevated at various times in the ET, between before and 20 min after (p = 0.023), and 40 min after (p = 0.035), but decreased to baseline in 24 h (p = 0.043, η2p = 0.395). In addition, the product pressure rate in the ET had a decrease between the moments before and 60 min after (p = 0.042), and before and 24 h after (p = 0.043). A high effect on myocardial oxygen volume in ET at 24 h was found (p = 0.018; η2p = 0.393). Conclusions: One session of traditional and eccentric training methods can be effective in causing significant changes in the cardiovascular system in PP athletes.
Self-Compacting Cementitious Composites with Heavy Fuel Fly Ash Replacement

Sustainability in construction is related to the use of industrial by-products, such as fly ash (FA). FA varies in chemical/mineralogical composition, depending on the raw materials burnt during its production. While FA produced from coal-fired power stations is extensively used in cementitious composites, heavy oil FA produced from the firing of heavy fuels (e.g., mazut or diesel) remains largely unused. This paper focuses on the novel use of heavy fuel fly ash (HFFA), as a replacement of Class F FA, in high-volume fly ash self-compacting composites. Two different grain size distributions of HFFA were used in quantities 5–15% w/w of cement and Class F FA for the production of the composites. The assessment of the physico-mechanical properties and microstructure of the end-products at different curing ages suggests that HFFA may be used at quantities ≤10% w/w, without any negative effects. In fact, depending on the quantity and grain size distribution of the HFFA, this may even improve some of the properties of the end-products in the long term, provided that a careful mix design is adopted. The findings show the potential of sustainable reuse of HFFA and are beneficial for its incorporation into design codes.