Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influences of human activities on Malay civet’s (Viverra tangalunga) occupancy in Sarawak.

Malay Civet, Viverra tangalunga is one of the most commonly recorded carnivores by camera trapping surveys. This species occupies a diverse range of habitat types, therefore, the IUCN Red List classifies this species as Least Concern. Primarily a ground-dwelling species that has a wide distribution in Borneo, the Malay Civet enables a progressed perspective in understanding the effects of human activities towards a highly adaptable species. In this study, six protected areas that were categorized as low, medium and high volume of human activities were compared in relation to the intensity of human activities that corresponds to Malay Civet’s occupancy. Camera traps were placed in six selected protected areas, however the results showed extreme fluctuations between both protected areas under the high classifications of human activities as Gunung Gading National Park (GGNP) has high detection rate of Malay Civet whereas none were detected in Sarawak National Park (SNP). This suggests that high human activities may have influenced the Malay Civet’s activities in a protected area, other factors such as habitat preferences and geographical distribution may have higher influence on Malay Civet’s occupancy and dispersal in Sarawak
Influence of Amlodipine Enantiomers on Human Microsomal Cytochromes P450: Stereoselective Time-Dependent Inhibition of CYP3A Enzyme Activity

Amlodipine (AML) is available as a racemate, i.e., a mixture of R- and S-enantiomers. Its inhibitory potency towards nine cytochromes P450 (CYP) was studied to evaluate the drug–drug interactions between the enantiomers. Enzyme inhibition was evaluated using specific CYP substrates in human liver microsomes. With CYP3A, both enantiomers exhibited reversible and time-dependent inhibition. S-AML was a stronger reversible inhibitor of midazolam hydroxylation: the Ki values of S- and R-AML were 8.95 µM, 14.85 µM, respectively. Computational docking confirmed that the enantiomers interact differently with CYP3A: the binding free energy of S-AML in the active site was greater than that for R-AML (−7.6 vs. −6.7 kcal/mol). Conversely, R-AML exhibited more potent time-dependent inhibition of CYP3A activity (KI 8.22 µM, Kinact 0.065 min−1) than S-AML (KI 14.06 µM, Kinact 0.041 min−1). R-AML was also a significantly more potent inhibitor of CYP2C9 (Ki 12.11 µM/S-AML 21.45 µM) and CYP2C19 (Ki 5.97 µM/S-AML 7.22 μM. In conclusion, results indicate that clinical use of S-AML has an advantage not only because of greater pharmacological effect, but also because of fewer side effects and drug–drug interactions with cytochrome P450 substrates due to absence of R-AML.
What Course Elements Correlate with Improvement on Tests in Introductory Newtonian Mechanics

We report the level of effectiveness of the various course elements (such as electronic homework, written homework, collaborative group problems and class participation) in calculusbased introductory Newtonian mechanics as taught to MIT students. Effectiveness is measured by the regression coefficient of a particular course element with the gain of the student’s grade on the MIT final exam and on two widely used standard physics tests that emphasize conceptual knowledge: the Force Concept Inventory and the Mechanics Baseline tests. We find that the electronic homework as administered by CyberTutor is the only course element that contributes significantly to improvement on the final exam, and that CyberTutor and collaborative group problem solving contribute most strongly to improvements on the standard conceptual tests. We also report surveys that demonstrate strongly increasing student assessment of CyberTutor over the four terms of its use. Theoretical Underpinnings
A Novel Intelligent Working Monitoring and Guarding System of Smart Substations Based on UWB Positioning and Aerial LiDAR Data

—This paper analyzes the current status of power production safety, introduces the realization principle of intelligent working guarding system in substations, and delves into the technologies of positioning and intelligent video analysis based on ultra wideband (UWB) technology and high resolution digital spatial data of the substations. Based on the acquired data, an intelligent working monitoring and guarding system with various functions, including task management, realtime monitoring, alarm warning, region division, and replaying of historic data, has been developed by utilizing the technologies of 3-Dimension (3D) modeling of the substation by using aerial light detection and raging (LiDAR) and virtual reality (VR) for practical implementation.
A novel forward error correction decoding structure for 10G/40G Ethernet

This paper presents a novel VLSI structure of frame boundary detecting system for 10G/40G Ethernet frame forward error correction layer as well as fast frame synchronous methodology. By changing the endian mode, the improved error trapper circuit can work in both syndrome generator mode and error trapper mode. So the frame boundary detecting speed is accelerated by detecting two frame boundaries at the same time, and the frame will be fast-synchronized. Experimental result shows that the frame synchronizing speed is twice of that of the conventional method, while the hardware overhead is very small. With the proposed method, the correct frame boundary can be detected by shifting 1055 times at most, while the conventional method needs 2111 times.
Status and Evolution of Environmental Education at School Level in Delhi, India

The need for imparting environmental education in school students has been well understood in Delhi, India and efforts have been made to incorporate environmental education (EE) in the curriculum. At the same time, increasing interest in the protection and conservation of environment, nature and natural resources has led to the initiation and adoption of several campaigns, programmes and projects by various schools. Consequently, the integration of EE in the curriculum as well as through extra-curricular activities is exposing the school students to contemporary environmental challenges and their solutions. This research work is an attempt at exploring the various measures being taken to promote environmental awareness and create better attitude towards the environment in the schools in Delhi, India.
Construction of Group Exercise Sessions in Geriatric Inpatient Rehabilitation

There is little knowledge about the ways geriatric physiotherapy is being carried out in practice and about the situational construction of formal policies for promoting physical activity. This article examines how professional physiotherapists and frail community-dwelling older adults as their clients use talk and action to construct a group exercise session in an inpatient rehabilitation setting in Finland. The analysis of 7 group exercise sessions with a total of 52 clients and 9 professional physiotherapists revealed 3 different practitioner approaches, which served different functions in older adults' empowerment and lifestyle activity change. The highly structured approach favored taciturn physical performances completed independently and successfully by frail older adults. The guided exercise approach with individualized guidance encouraged occasional coconstruction of shared understanding of learning the exercises. The circuit training approach facilitated occasional self-regulation by the clients. The results of this study indicate that a combination of different approaches is required to address the multifaceted needs of heterogeneous frail older adults.
Pain and Depression

Summary This paper explores the relationship between depression and chronic intractable pain in which somatic pathology is playing a minor role. In this study, 114 patients with chronic pain were compared with 53 patients with depression. Patients with chronic pain were older, more likely to be married, more frequently attributed difficulties in activity and sleep to pain, and reported greater impairment of motor functions. They had less dysphoria and an illness behaviour profile (on the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire) suggestive of a conversion reaction. Depressed patients recalled more life events in the year prior to presentation, whilst pain patients recalled more events of nine and ten years earlier. It is concluded that the two patient groups cannot be considered identical. It is argued that the concept of abnormal illness behaviour helps to distinguish the two groups.
Combining Amine Metabolomics and Quantitative Proteomics of Cancer Cells Using Derivatization with Isobaric Tags

Quantitative metabolomics and proteomics technologies are powerful approaches to explore cellular metabolic regulation. Unfortunately, combining the two technologies typically requires different LC-MS setups for sensitive measurement of metabolites and peptides. One approach to enhance the analysis of certain classes of metabolites is by derivatization with various types of tags to increase ionization and chromatographic efficiency. We demonstrate here that derivatization of amine metabolites with tandem mass tags (TMT), typically used in multiplexed peptide quantitation, facilitates amino acid analysis by standard nanoflow reversed-phase LC-MS setups used for proteomics. We demonstrate that this approach offers the potential to perform experiments at the MS1-level using duplex tags or at the MS2-level using novel 10-plex reporter ion-containing isobaric tags for multiplexed amine metabolite analysis. We also demonstrate absolute quantitative measurements of amino acids conducted in parallel with multiplexed quantitative proteomics, using similar LC-MS setups to explore cellular amino acid regulation. We further show that the approach can also be used to determine intracellular metabolic labeling of amino acids from glucose carbons.
Describing the Sward Structure of Wheat and Annual Ryegrass Swards Grazed by Lambs in Southern NSW

Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky. edu/igc/22/1-15/14 The 22nd International Grassland Congress (Revitalising Grasslands to Sustain Our Communities) took place in Sydney, Australia from September 15 through September 19, 2013. Proceedings Editors: David L. Michalk, Geoffrey D. Millar, Warwick B. Badgery, and Kim M. Broadfoot Publisher: New South Wales Department of Primary Industry, Kite St., Orange New South Wales, Australia
Model reference control for active driveability improvement

Active driveability control is a popular method to improve the drive comfort without impact on acceleration performance in modern vehicles. A new model reference approach had been proposed to damp driveline oscillation during tip-in manoeuvre. Then, this paper compared this proposed controller with the current active driveline controllers in this field, state space based torque control and PID speed control. The results of simulation are presented in figures. It was concluded that the new model reference controller had better performance in certain circumstances.
Lock Prefetching in Distributed Virtual Shared Memory Systems — Initial Results

Synchronization overhead may limit the number of applications that can take advantage of a shared-memory abstraction on top of emerging network of workstation organizations. While the programmer could spend additional efforts into getting rid of such overhead by restructuring the computation, this paper focuses on a simpler approach where the overhead of lock operations is hidden through lock prefetch annotations. Our approach aims at hiding the lock acquisition latency by prefetching the lock ahead of time. We study the performance improvements of this approach in detail by considering network of workstation organizations built from uniprocessor as well as symmetric multiprocessor nodes for emerging interconnect technologies such as ATM. It is shown that the significant latencies can have a dramatic effect on the lock acquisition overhead and this overhead can be reduced by lock prefetching. Overall, lock prefetching seems to be a simple and effective approach to allow more fine-grained applications to run well on emerging network of workstation platforms.
Integrating historical noisy answers for improving data utility under differential privacy

Differential privacy is a robust principle for privacy preserving data analysis tasks, and has been successfully applied to a variety of applications. However, the number of queries that can be answered is limited for preventing privacy disclosure. Once the privacy budget is exhausted, all succeeding queries must be rejected. Therefore, each of the historical query answers is valuable and it is important to exploit them together to learn more about the data. We propose to integrate all available linear query answers into a consistent form that embodies our knowledge learned from the noisy answers, obtaining more accurate answers to past queries and even new queries, improving the data utility. Two distinct approaches are developed for this purpose, one via principle component analysis, and another via maximum entropy method. The second approach also generates a synthetic database, which is useful for differentially private data publishing. One important goal of our work is to ensure that the running time of our approaches does not grow with the cardinality of the universe of a data tuple, so that high-dimensional data with very large domain can still be tackled efficiently.
A real time FMCW short range radar system

This paper researches on a real time frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) short range radar system. It has 160us modulation time and 600MHz bandwidth in X-band. Additional Delay line is inserted in receiver to shift the beat frequency up band and it makes easy to distinguish target beat signal from leakage noise. The gain variable amplifier is used to remove the internal noise and amplify the desired beat signal. FPGA chip is used as buffer after data acquisition and DSP chip is used to calculate the distance.
On controller design for systems on manifolds in Euclidean space

A new method is developed to design controllers in Euclidean space for systems defined on manifolds. The idea is to embed the state‐space manifold M of a given control system into some Euclidean space Rn , extend the system from M to the ambient space Rn , and modify it outside M to add transversal stability to M in the final dynamics in Rn . Controllers are designed for the final system in the ambient space Rn . Then, their restriction to M produces controllers for the original system on M. This method has the merit that only one single global Cartesian coordinate system in the ambient space Rn is used for controller synthesis, and any controller design method in Rn , such as the linearization method, can be globally applied for the controller synthesis. The proposed method is successfully applied to the tracking problem for the following two benchmark systems: the fully actuated rigid body system and the quadcopter drone system.
Automated driving aids: modeling, analysis, and interface design considerations

There have been rapid advances in control and automated driving aids in today's cars, with a concomitant rise in the breadth and complexity of driver interaction. Thus there is a need for a clear, consistent, logical, and holistic design methodology to the design and analysis of the driver-vehicle interaction environment. Such design method should also take into account expected future technological enhancements and advances. In this paper we present some emerging automated driving aids that are currently implemented in modern vehicles and those that are anticipated in the coming years. We focus on three automation features -- adaptive cruise control (ACC), Lane Centering (LC), and Full Speed Range ACC (FSRA). The design methodology is based on formal modeling of the functionality and user interaction of these systems and analysis of their corresponding user interfaces. The approach demonstrated here is valid for a wide range of user interaction systems where operational complexity requires careful and verifiable design.
A Bayesian network based trust model for improving collaboration in mobile ad hoc networks

Functioning as fully decentralised distributed systems, without the need of predefined infrastructures, mobile ad hoc networks provide interesting solutions when setting up dynamic and flexible applications. However, these systems also bring up some problems. In such open environments, it is difficult to discover among the nodes, which are malicious and which are not, in order to be able to choose good partners for cooperation. One solution for this to be possible, is for the entities to be able to evaluate the trust they have in each other and, based on this trust, determine which entities they can cooperate with. In this paper, we present a trust model adapted to ad hoc networks and, more generally, to distributed systems. This model is based on Bayesian networks, a probabilistic tool which provides a flexible means of dealing with probabilistic problems involving causality. The model evaluates the trust in a server according, both, to direct experiences with the server and recommendations concerning its service. We show, through a simulation, that the proposed model can determine the best server out of a set of eligible servers offering a given service. Such a trust model, when applied to ad hoc networks, tends to increase the QoS of the various services used by a host. This, when applied to security related services thus increases the overall security of the hosts.
wirelessOrBAC: Towards an access-control-based IDS for Wireless Sensor Networks

Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a well-established paradigm. It has a large variety of applications ranging from home to industrial applications (such as health care and military applications). However, as this kind of networks is becoming wider, more heterogeneous and interconnected, ensuring the security of these decentralized systems is also becoming more challenging. In this paper, we propose wirelessOrBAC a formal Intrusion Detection System specially tailored to enforce the security of Wireless Sensor Networks. It allows defining in a comprehensive and easy way, security rules that model accurately wireless nodes behavior. Based on the build model, Intrusion Detection tasks are performed in order to detect malicious actions.
Low-cost volume estimation by two-view acquisitions: A computational intelligence approach

The estimation of the volume occupied by an object is an important task in the fields of granulometry, quality control, and archaeology. An accurate and well know technique for the volume measurement is based on the Archimedes' principle. However, in many applications it is not possible to use this technique and faster contact-less techniques based on image processing or laser scanning should be adopted. In this work, we propose a low-cost approach for the volume estimation of different kinds of objects by using a two-view vision approach. The method first computes a reduced three-dimensional model from a single couple of images, then extracts a series of features from the obtained model. Lastly, the features are processed using a computational intelligence approach, which is able to learn the relation between the features and the volume of the captured object, in order to estimate the volume independently of its position and angle, and without computing a full three-dimensional model. Results show that the approach is feasible and can obtain an accurate volume estimation. Compared to the direct computation of the volume from the three-dimensional models, the approach is more accurate and also less dependent to the position and angle of the measured objects with respect to the cameras.
Cell Type-Specific Responses to Wingless, Hedgehog and Decapentaplegic Are Essential for Patterning Early Eye-Antenna Disc in Drosophila

The Drosophila eye-antenna imaginal disc (ead) is a flattened sac of two-layered epithelia, from which most head structures are derived. Secreted morphogens like Wingless (Wg), Hedgehog (Hh), and Decapentaplegic (Dpp) are important for early patterning of ead, but the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. To understand how these morphogens function in the ead of early larval stages, we used wg-LacZ and dpp-Gal4 markers for the examination of wild-type and mutant eads. We found that the ead immediately after hatching was crescent-shaped with the Bolwig’s nerve at the ventral edge, suggesting that it consists of dorsal domain. In a subsequent step, transcriptional induction of dpp in the cells along the Bolwig’s nerve was followed by rapid growth of the ventral domain. Both Wg and Hh were required for the formation of the ventral domain. Wg was crucial for the growth of the entire ead, but Hh was essential for cell division only in the dorsal domain. In the ventral domain, Hh regulated dpp transcription. Based on these data, we propose that signaling among distinct groups of cells expressing Wg, Dpp, or Hh in the ead of the first-instar larvae are critical for coordinated growth and patterning of ead.
Link quality aware code dissemination in wireless sensor networks

Wireless reprogramming is a crucial technique for software deployment in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Code dissemination is a basic building block to enable wireless repro-gramming. We present ECD, an Efficient Code Dissemination protocol leveraging 1-hop link quality information. Compared to prior works, ECD has three salient features. First, it supports dynamically configurable packet sizes. By increasing the packet size for high PHY rate radios, it significantly improves the transmission efficiency. Second, it employs an accurate sender selection algorithm to mitigate transmission collisions and transmissions over poor links. Third, it employs a simple impact-based backoff timer design to shorten the time spent in coordinating multiple eligible senders so that the largest impact sender is most likely to transmit. We implement ECD based on TinyOS and evaluate its performance extensively. Testbed experiments show that ECD outperforms state-of-the-art protocols, Deluge and MNP, in terms of completion time and data traffic. (e.g., about 20% less traffic and 20–30% shorter completion time compared to Deluge).
Constrained Decoding for Text-Level Discourse Parsing

This paper presents a novel approach to document-based discourse analysis by performing a global A* search over the space of possible structures while optimizing a global criterion over the set of potential coherence relations. Existing approaches to discourse analysis have so far relied on greedy search strategies or restricted themselves to sentence-level discourse parsing. Another advantage of our approach, over other global alternatives (like Maximum Spanning Tree decoding algorithms), is its flexibility in being able to integrate constraints (including linguistically motivated ones like the Right Frontier Constraint). Finally, our paper provides the first discourse parsing system for French; our evaluation is carried out on the Annodis corpus. While using a lot less training data than earlier approaches than previous work on English, our system manages to achieve state-of-the-art results, with F1-scores of 66.2 and 46.8 when compared to unlabeled and labeled reference structures.