Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arsenic mitigation in soil-plant system through zinc application in West Bengal soils

ABSTRACT The study area of the experiment was selected on the basis of a preliminary field survey and laboratory detection of accumulation, accompanied by biomagnification, of arsenic in the water-soil-plant continuum. A laboratory incubation study was conducted with soil samples from the selected areas of West Bengal with arsenic-contaminated groundwater, and from a low arsenic zone. These soils were treated with different concentrations of zinc and arsenic and incubated for 10 and 25 days. The findings from the incubation study indicate the decrement of arsenic release in the soil solution of the given soils on application of zinc, which tends to bind arsenic electrostatically in the soil matrix, thereby helping to mitigate the toxicity of arsenic to some extent in the soil-plant system. The arsenic-zinc interactions were further revalidated in the arsenic-affected fields where a similar type of moderating effect (as in the incubation study) was observed in rice-rice cropping sequence. Arsenic-zinc interactions were critically analyzed through a number of accumulation, translocation, and mobility parameters, considering soil to plant uptake in different plant parts.
Evolution of Iron Electronic State in the Solid Solutions Gd2-xSr1+xFe2O7-δ

The present study is devoted to the non-isovalent substitution of Gd+3 for Sr+2 in matrix of Gd2-xSr1+xFe2O7 with perovskite-type intergrowth structure and to the investigation of oxidation state of iron depending on the method of synthesis and the content of solid solutions. Mössbauer spectroscopy showed the difference in the structure of complex ferrite Gd2SrFe2O7 obtained by ceramic technology (iron in single Fe+3 magnetically ordered state) from oxides obtained by the sol - gel technology (Fe+3 in the three different surroundings and presence of Fe+4).
Yttrium-90 Microspheres for Intermediate- or Advanced-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Transarterial radioembolization using yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres is a therapeutic option for patients with intermediate- or advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, including those with recurrent or inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. Overall, the evidence suggests that patients treated with 90Y-based transarterial radioembolization may experience no difference in overall survival, progression-free survival, and tumour response when compared to patients who received transarterial chemoembolization therapies or systemic treatment with sorafenib or lenvatinib. Patients treated with transarterial radioembolization generally experienced similar rates of adverse events compared to those treated with transarterial chemoembolization, although there were some instances where treatment with transarterial radioembolization led to increased or decreased risks of specific adverse events. The comparative safety of transarterial radioembolization versus systemic treatment with sorafenib was unclear as the included studies did not statistically compare the risks of experiencing adverse events. Evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of 90Y microspheres for treating hepatocellular carcinoma is conflicting. Three economic evaluations suggest treatment with transarterial radioembolization is likely to be cost-effective or dominant — less costly and more effective — compared to transarterial chemoembolization or systemic therapies, while a single economic study suggested treatment with sorafenib or lenvatinib is most likely to be cost-effective or dominant compared to transarterial radioembolization.
Incidence of Benign Meningiomas in the United States: Current and Future Trends.

Background Benign meningiomas are the most frequently reported central nervous system tumors in the United States, with increasing incidence in past decades. However, the future trajectory of this neoplasm remains unclear. Methods We analyzed benign meningioma incidence of cases identified by any means (eg, radiographically with or without microscopic confirmation) in US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries among groups aged 35 to 84 years during 2004-2017 by sex and race and ethnicity using age-period-cohort models. We employed age-period-cohort forecasting models to glean insights regarding the etiology, distribution, and anticipated future (2018-2027) public health impact of this neoplasm. Results In all groups, meningioma incidence overall increased through 2010, then stabilized. Temporal declines were statistically significant overall and in most groups. JoinPoint analysis of cohort rate-ratios identified substantial acceleration in White men born after 1963 (from 1.1% to 3.2% per birth year); cohort rate-ratios were stable or increasing in all groups and all birth cohorts. We forecast that meningioma incidence through 2027 will remain stable or decrease among groups aged 55-84 years but remain similar to current levels among groups aged 35-54 years. The case count of total meningioma burden in 2027 is expected to be approximately 30 470, similar to the expected case count of 27 830 in 2018. Conclusions Between 2004 and 2017, overall incidence of benign meningioma increased and then stabilized or declined. For 2018-2027, our forecast is incidence will remain generally stable in younger age groups but decrease in older age groups. Nonetheless, the total future burden will remain similar to current levels because the population is aging.
HEALTH COACHING SUCCESS TIPS : A LITERATURE REVIEW

Health coaching is a way of expanding the scope of health services through health promotion and disease prevention efforts by giving information in order to improve preventive behaviour in the community. The success of health coaching is determined by health workers’ understanding of the influencing factors. However, not many researches have been done in this area. Outlining evidence-based information within nursing field in regard to factors that determine the success of health coaching. This study is a non-systematic literature review analysing 10 related journals. The success of health coaching is determined by several factors including, agreement between both parties, good trainer (confidence, responsible, thorough, and appreciative), supportive trainer, motivated patients, collaboration between trainer and patients, good communication skills, frequency and duration of interaction between them. Several studies conducting telephone-based health coaching showed a significant success in converting patients’ behaviour into preventive behaviour. Keywords: Health Coaching; Health Promotion; Disease Prevention; Literature Review
Role of the apparent diffusion coefficient as a predictive factor for tumor recurrence in patients with intracranial epidermoid tumor

Purpose. Intracranial epidermoid tumors are slowly growing benign tumors, but due to adjacent critical neurovascular structures, surgical resection is challenging, with the risk of recurrence. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) has been used to evaluate the characteristics of brain tumors, but its utility for intracranial epidermoid tumors has not been specifically explored. This study analyzed the utility of preoperative ADC values in predicting tumor recurrence for patients with intracranial epidermoid tumors. Methods. Between 2008 and 2019, 23 patients underwent surgery for intracranial epidermoid tumor, and their preoperative ADC data were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: the recurrence group, defined by regrowth of the remnant tumor or newly developed mass after gross total resection on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and the stable group, defined by the absence of growth or evidence of tumor on MRI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to obtain the ADC cutoff values for predicting tumor recurrence. The prognostic value of the ADC was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results. The minimum ADC values were significantly lower in the recurrence group than in the stable tumor group (P = 0.046). ROC analysis showed that a minimum ADC value lower than 804.5×10− 6 mm2/s could be used to predict higher recurrence risk of intracranial epidermoid tumors. Subtotal resection, younger age, and mean and minimum ADC values lower than the respective cutoffs were negative predictors of recurrence-free survival. Conclusions. Minimum ADC values could be useful in predicting the recurrence of intracranial epidermoid tumors.
Uni-Temporal Multispectral Imagery for Burned Area Mapping with Deep Learning

Accurate burned area information is needed to assess the impacts of wildfires on people, communities, and natural ecosystems. Various burned area detection methods have been developed using satellite remote sensing measurements with wide coverage and frequent revisits. Our study aims to expound on the capability of deep learning (DL) models for automatically mapping burned areas from uni-temporal multispectral imagery. Specifically, several semantic segmentation network architectures, i.e., U-Net, HRNet, Fast-SCNN, and DeepLabv3+, and machine learning (ML) algorithms were applied to Sentinel-2 imagery and Landsat-8 imagery in three wildfire sites in two different local climate zones. The validation results show that the DL algorithms outperform the ML methods in two of the three cases with the compact burned scars, while ML methods seem to be more suitable for mapping dispersed burn in boreal forests. Using Sentinel-2 images, U-Net and HRNet exhibit comparatively identical performance with higher kappa (around 0.9) in one heterogeneous Mediterranean fire site in Greece; Fast-SCNN performs better than others with kappa over 0.79 in one compact boreal forest fire with various burn severity in Sweden. Furthermore, directly transferring the trained models to corresponding Landsat-8 data, HRNet dominates in the three test sites among DL models and can preserve the high accuracy. The results demonstrated that DL models can make full use of contextual information and capture spatial details in multiple scales from fire-sensitive spectral bands to map burned areas. Using only a post-fire image, the DL methods not only provide automatic, accurate, and bias-free large-scale mapping option with cross-sensor applicability, but also have potential to be used for onboard processing in the next Earth observation satellites.
Functional response and egg distribution among hosts by Pseudapanteles dignus, a larval endoparasitoid of Tuta absoluta

The functional response of a biocontrol agent has been classically pointed out as a quantitative evaluation criterion to understand its killing capacity to an arthropod pest. In this paper, we revisited the functional response of the internal larval parasitoid Pseudapanteles dignus (Muesebeck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a candidate for biocontrol of the South American tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), measured as the daily egg oviposition of single parasitoid females at increasing densities of T. absoluta larvae through dissection of hosts. The functional response curve of the number of parasitized hosts was fitted out taking into account the number of eggs laid and their distribution among hosts at each T. absoluta larval density. The data also allowed us to discuss the self‐superparasitism strategy of this parasitoid as an adaptive trait. Pseudapanteles dignus showed a sigmoid shape functional response and a contagious distribution of eggs among hosts, favouring self‐superparasitism and laying a similar number of eggs in each superparasitized host at each T. absoluta density. This research is firstly intended to ascertain about the oviposition behaviour of P. dignus and additionally to provide information on its reproduction to be applied in mass rearing procedures and augmentative releases against T. absoluta.
Exploring the Roles of Self-Efficacy and Technical Support in the Relationship between Techno-Stress and Counter-Productivity

Organizational reliance on information and communication technology (ICT) is more likely to induce techno-stress as a detrimental effect, which has a negative impact on productivity. Businesses should make organizational efforts to decrease counter-productivity, a negative effect of techno-stress, to create sustainable productivity by taking advantage of information and communication technology. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of self-efficacy and technical support as moderating variables in the relationship between techno-stress and counter-productivity. This study selected techno-overload, techno-invasion, techno-complexity, techno-insecurity, and techno-uncertainty as the techno-stress measurement variables, as well as counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and innovation resistance as counter-productive measurement variables. In this study, we surveyed 700 people in the IT sector, manufacturing, services, public agencies, and other industries and used regression analysis to analyze the effects of self-efficacy and technical support. As a result of the analysis, techno-overload, techno-invasion, techno-insecurity, and techno-uncertainty have positive effects on CWB and innovation resistance whereas self-efficacy and technical support have moderating effects on techno-stress and counter-productivity by interacting with techno-overload, techno-insecurity, and techno-uncertainty. We suggest measures to strengthen self-efficacy and technical support for mitigating counterproductive work behavior and innovation resistance.
Work-related stressors and suicidal ideation: The mediating role of burnout

Abstract Background While epidemiological studies demonstrate that the risk of suicide is determined by several individual factors, research analyzing the relationships between suicidal ideation, work-related conditions and burnout are limited. Aims Therefore, the aim of the present study was to better understand the relationship between work-related stressors, burnout and suicidal ideation by exploring the mediating role of burnout between these variables. More specifically, our first hypothesis suggested that burnout is positively associated with suicidal ideation. Secondly, we suggested that work-related stressors are positively related to burnout and suicidal ideation. Finally, our third hypothesis aimed to investigate to what extend burnout mediates the relationship between work-related stressors and suicidal ideation. Methods The study was conducted with a sample of 490 veterinarians, a professional group that presents high rates of burnout and suicide in comparison to the general population. Seven of their specific work-related stressors were taken into account (workload, emotional demands, issues with clients, issues with coworkers, financial worries, negative work-home interactions and having high responsibilities) and measured with the Veterinary Stressors Inventory (VSI). Burnout was assessed with the Maslasch Burnout Inventory-General Suvey (MBI-GS), and three items measured suicidal ideations. Results Correlations analyses indicated significant associations between work-related stressors, burnout and suicidal ideation. Structural equation modeling indicated good fit for models suggesting that burnout mediated the relationship between work-related stressors and suicidal ideation. Thus, results contribute to the literature by underlining the role of burnout induced by work-related stressors, which offers a better understanding of suicidal ideation.
A Case of Severe Refractory Pemphigus Vulgaris in a Patient With Stable Esophageal Malignancy

Pemphigus is a broad term that is used to describe a group of bullous autoimmune diseases affecting the skin and mucous membranes; the pathogenesis involves autoantibodies directed against various cell junction desmosomal proteins. In patients with a history of malignancy who present with bullous lesions, the differential diagnosis may include, but is not limited to, paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) secondary to a primary autoimmune process, or induced by chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In this report, we present a case of refractory PV in a patient with stable esophageal cancer, five years after undergoing radiation therapy. He was poorly responsive to corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). PNP or PV in a patient with stable esophageal malignancy has not been previously reported. PNP and PV can have overlapping autoantigens [desmoglein types 1 and 3 (DSG1 and DSG3)] as well as similar presentations. Thus, distinguishing between the two may be challenging in a patient with a history of cancer. More research must be done to determine if PNP can be seen in a patient with stable esophageal malignancy and, similarly, if PV can be precipitated by stable esophageal malignancy. Such research would aid in determining whether or not similar presentations are more severe or refractory to standard treatment regimens, thereby contributing to improve treatment strategies.
Design, development and evaluation of transplanting mechanism of single row prototype for rice seedlings

A transplanting mechanism is a key component in the rice transplanter as it plays a significant role in the performance of the rice transplanter. However, it affects the picking of the seedlings, planting depth, seedling damage and number of seedling per hill. Furthermore, it influences productivity and efficiency of the machine. The aim of the study described basic concept regarding design and development of four bar transplanting mechanism for rice transplanter and its evaluation. Therefore, a new transplanting mechanism for single row rice transplanter was developed and tested in laboratory as well as in field conditions. In the both conditions, five performance parameters were estimated to estimate its accuracy, of the developed mechanism such as planting depth, number of seedlings per hill, hill to hill spacing, seedling length and visible damage. The average planting depth was varied from 5.53 cm to 4.88 cm in laboratory and field conditions, respectively. However, the numbers of seedlings were found to be around 3 in both conditions. The hill to hill spacing and visible damage were also noticed within the acceptable limits for both conditions. It was concluded that prototype showed satisfactorily working ability in both conditions.
The Sound Systems of Languages Adapt, But to What Extent?

The sound systems of the world’s languages adapt to biomechanical, aerodynamic and cognitive pressures associated with sound production and discrimination. Such pressures help to yield the greater frequency of some sound types and the reduced frequency of others. In this paper I explore such adaptation, pointing out that sound systems not only adapt to such pressures in ways that are clear from a typological perspective, but that they adapt in more subtle ways that are only now becoming apparent. Furthermore, I survey a host of recent studies suggesting that sound systems likely adapt to some pressures that vary across populations and environments. While the extent of adaptation to such variable pressures is very debatable, the existence of phonetic/phonological adaptation to pressures that differ across populations is increasingly well supported. The evidence in support of such adaptation ranges from large-scale quantitative data, to biomechanical modeling, to the speech of Freddie Mercury. It is stressed that potentially adaptive processes do not require alternative diachronic mechanisms to well established ones. Instead, commonly acknowledged diachronic trajectories may simply be triggered differentially across populations in some instances. cadernos.abralin. org DOI 10.25189/2675-4916.2021. V2.N1. ID342 ISSN: 2675-4916 V. 2, N. 1, 2021 2 RESUMO Os sistemas de som das línguas do mundo se adaptam às pressões biomecânicas, aerodinâmicas e cognitivas associadas à produção e discriminação de som. Essas pressões ajudam a produzir a maior frequência de alguns tipos de som e a frequência reduzida de outros. Neste artigo, exploro essa adaptação, frisando que os sistemas de som não apenas se adaptam a essas pressões de maneiras que são claras de uma perspectiva tipológica, mas que se adaptam de maneiras mais sutis que só agora estão se revelando. Além disso, abordo uma série de estudos recentes sugerindo que os sistemas de som se adaptam a pressões que variam entre populações e ambientes. Embora a extensão da adaptação a tais pressões variáveis seja discutível, a mera existência de adaptação fonética / fonológica a pressões que diferem entre populações é cada vez mais bem sustentada. As evidências que apóiam essa adaptação incluem dados quantitativos em grande escala, dados derivados de modelagem biomecânica, até à fala de Freddie Mercury. Sublinho que tal evidência não implica que quaisquer processos adaptativos representem mecanismos alternativos a fenômenos bem conhecidos na fonologia diacrônica. Em vez disso, os mecanismos diacrônicos comumente reconhecidos podem simplesmente ser acionados diferencialmente entre as populações em alguns casos.
Impact of compressive and tensile epitaxial strain on transport and nonlinear optical properties of magnetoelectric BaTiO3-(LaCa)MnO3 tunnel junction

This work is devoted to disclosing the effect of epitaxial strain on crystallographic, transport, and nonlinear optical properties of a bilayer structure consisting of one ferroelectric (FE) (BaTiO3 with a thickness of 4 nm) and one ferromagnetic (La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 with the thickness of 12 nm) layers. Both tensile (of about ∼6% caused by the MgO substrate) and compressive (of about ∼1% caused by the SrTiO3 substrate) strains reduce the bulk metal-to-insulator phase transition temperature of the La0.7Ca0. 3MnO3 layer from 240 K towards 195 K and 160 K, respectively. The appearance of the effect of colossal electroresistance, linear and nonlinear current–voltage behaviours and contribution of FE polarization switching in the BaTiO3 layer to the conductivity are associated with the influence of epitaxial strain. The predominance of the compressive over the tensile strain leads to the hysteresis behaviour of electroresistance, maximum conductivity caused by the resonant-tunnelling mechanism, and strong nonlinear optical dependence on the applied electric field.
Political regimes and foreign investment in poor countries: Insights from most similar African cases

When foreign investors choose to invest in a poor country, do they favor democracies or autocracies? Despite extensive time-series cross-national empirical work on this question, the answer is unclear. To move the debate forward, I use a novel approach based on a most-similar case design. I observe four African countries before, during, and after democratization, and evaluate whether the change in regime type over time affected their ability to attract foreign investment—both relative to their baseline level of investment and in comparison with the investment patterns of four matching countries that did not experience democratization. I also control for the effects of natural resource scarcity and abundance. My difference-in-differences pairwise case analysis indicates the introduction of competitive political institutions is immaterial for foreign investment, whereas the consolidation of these institutions conveys a small investment advantage.