Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Functional Properties of Protein in High Pressure-Treated Indian White Prawn (Fenneropenaeus indicus) during Chilled Storage

ABSTRACT High pressure (HP) treatment of 250 MPa pressure, 6-min holding time, and 400 MPa/min ramp rate at 25°C was applied to headless Indian white prawn (Fenneropenaeus indicus) to investigate the significant modifications on the functional properties of protein during chilled storage. Muscle fibers were shrunk and extracellular space apparently reduced after HP treatment. Myofibrillar proteins denatured and sarcoplasmic proteins aggregated and were found to be stable in HP-treated sample during chilled storage. Water-holding capacity, solubility, viscosity, and Ca2+ ATPase activity of protein were diminished, whereas foam expansion, foam volume stability, and turbidity of proteins improved with HP treatment and storage period (p < .05). Turbidity of the protein was inversely proportional to viscosity, solubility, and Ca2+ ATPase activity in HP-treated samples.
Analysisofantibiotic resistancegeneexpression in Pseudomonasaeruginosabyquantitative real-time-PCR

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa many of the clinically relevant resistance mechanisms result from changes in gene expression as exemplified by the Mex drug efflux pumps, the AmpC b-lactamase and the carbapenem-specific porin OprD. We used quantitative real-time-PCR to analyze the expression of these genes in susceptible and antibiotic-resistant laboratory and clinical strains. In nalB mutants, which overexpress OprM, we observed a fourto eightfold increase in the expression of mexA, mexB, and oprM genes. MexX and mexY genes were induced eight to 12 times in the presence of 2 mg L 1 tetracycline. The mexC/oprJ and mexE/oprN gene expression levels were increased 30to 250-fold and 100to 760-fold in nfxB and nfxC mutants, respectively. We further found that in defined laboratory strains expression levels of ampC and oprD genes paralleled b-lactamase activity and OprD protein levels, respectively. Our data support the use of quantitative realtime-PCR chain reaction for the analysis of the antimicrobial resistance gene expression in P. aeruginosa.
Efficacy of two Variations on an Aerial Lek-Count Method for Greater Sage-Grouse

ABSTRACT. Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is a species of concern, and accurate population data are needed to monitor conservation management efforts. Conventional, ground-based lek counts are labor-intensive, expensive, and have several sources of potential error and bias, including the practical limits on number and distribution of leks counted. We tested aerial methods for photographing multiple leks during a single morning. We completed 14 aerial approaches to 6 leks in 2 different years using 2 different airplanes and altitudes. Grouse flushed from leks on 12 approaches when the airplane was within 200–300 m of the lek. In 2 instances, strutting grouse crouched and stayed on the lek. Our highest-resolution images increased our confidence in grouse identification but also decreased field-of-view coverage to the detriment of count accuracy. The methods we tested do not allow sage-grouse to be accurately counted, but the results provide information about sage-grouse responses to low-altitude airplane approaches and about useful image resolutions and fields of view.
Effects of Stoichiometric Traits of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Wheat

ABSTRACT To improve the use efficiency of fertilizer in agricultural production, effects of stoichiometric traits of soil available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and fluorescence parameters of wheat were revealed in a full factorial pot experiment with our N and P fertilizer rates each. Results showed that at the same level of soil available N, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Cond), photochemical quenching (qP), the quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII), and apparent electron transport rate (ETR) of wheat generally increased with a decline of soil N/P ecological stoichiometric ratio (by increasing soil available P), whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of wheat decreased with a decline of soil N/P. At the same level of soil available P, Pn, Cond, qP, ΦPSII, and ETR of wheat initially increased and then decreased with an increase of soil N/P ecological stoichiometric ratio (by increasing soil available N), whereas the dynamics of Ci and NPQ of wheat were exactly opposite to those of the above parameters. A limiting effect of soil available P on the photosynthesis of wheat occurred during the entire experiment. It was deduced that the cultivated soil, with the available N of 258.4 mg·kg−1, available P of 89.6 mg·kg−1, and stoichiometric N/P of 2.88, was suitable for weak gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai15. Therefore, another approach to improves nutrient use efficiency was provided on the basis of ecological stoichiometry theory. Abbreviations N: nitrogen; P: phosphorus; Pn: net photosynthetic rate; Cond: stomatal conductance; Ci: intercellular CO2; NPQ: nonphotochemical quenching; qP: photochemical quenching; ΦPSII: the quantum yield of PSII photochemistry; ETR: apparent electron transport rate
Satellite Estimates and Shipboard Observations of Downward Radiative Fluxes at the Ocean Surface

Abstract Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) uses a suite of instruments on the Terra and Aqua satellites combined with analyzed weather data and information on surface conditions to estimate surface radiative fluxes. CERES estimates for the Terra satellite were compared with measurements of the surface radiative fluxes collected with the research vessels (RVs) Wecoma and Thomas G. Thompson radiometers for cruises off the Oregon coast undertaken during 2000–03. To assess the shipboard measurements, the radiometer observations were analyzed to identify cloud-free conditions characterized by ∼1–2 h of relatively stable radiative fluxes. Fluxes for the cloud-free conditions were compared with those calculated using profiles of temperature and humidity from analyzed meteorological fields for the times and locations of the measurements and broadband radiative transfer models. For summertime conditions along the Oregon coast, and assuming a marine aerosol having 0.55-μm optical depth of 0.05, m.
Effect of Cattle Slurry on the Growth of Spinach Plants in Cd-contaminated Soil

ABSTRACT In this work the effect of the addition of different amounts of cattle slurry (CS) to a Cd contaminated soil, was studied regarding its effect in spinach plants. Two levels of Cd contamination (2 and 10 mg/kg) and three levels of CS addition were evaluated (2.5, 5 and 10 g CS/100 g soil). Spinach was shown to be a tolerant species, able to accumulate relatively high amounts of Cd (up to 367.7 mg/kg in the leaves), exceeding the limits established by European regulations for leaf vegetables. The addition of 2.5 and 5 g CS/100 g to soil containing 2 mg/kg Cd did not reduce the uptake of this metal but allowed the plants to grow as much as the control. The addition of 10 g CS/100 g lead to a reduced Cd uptake but also to a lower plant growth compared to the lower CS levels. The combined effects of Cd and CS changed element content in the plant, but without causing severe toxicity or deficiency effects.
On becoming a plant ecologist

Many scientists take time to find the field in which they are most productive, but I think it is fair to say that I took longer than most. I spent many years as a physiologist and as a researcher into cryptogamic botany, especially bryology, before becoming a fully fledged ecologist. Expeditions to far places, especially two to tropical South America, paved the way for my conversion, which was sealed during my first sabbatical leave when I worked in Australia and visited still more tropical countries. As an ecologist I first worked my way through various classical fields: phytosociological description of vegetation where the flora is well known, characterization of vegetation in terms of structure and physiognomy in wilder regions where the flora is unknown, plant–soil relations and microclimatology. All this time I was fascinated by vegetational dynamics, not the classical study of succession but the study of regeneration processes whereby a community is maintained despite the coming and going of individuals, and the relative abundances of species are determined. But I could not see my way to formulating any new generalizing ideas. Then, on my second sabbatical leave, at the age of 35, spent mainly in Papua New Guinea, I finally came up with an idea that caught the imagination of plant ecologists worldwide – the ‘regeneration niche’. During the 1970s and 1980s, while my children were growing up, I chose to work chiefly in Britain and continental Europe, particularly on grasslands and scrub on soils over limestone, although I also became involved in work on mediterranean-climate vegetation in Europe and Australia. The maintenance of diversity and control of relative abundance were my major interests, but I began to be involved in arguments about ‘plant strategies’ (cf. Grubb, 1998) and made studies on the effects of plants on soil pH and fertility which were significant in the context of conservation. At the end of the 1980s, I returned to tropical rainforests as my major system for study; there followed an immensely rewarding decade, my last in employment. During this time seed science research became a major theme for me, and I gained particular pleasure from the work reported by Maranon and Grubb (1993), Grubb and Metcalfe (1996), Grubb and Coomes (1997) and Grubb et al. (1998). My final fling, in the late 1990s, was to become seriously involved in research on semi-deserts, especially in southern Africa, where I was amazed by the lessons I still had to learn. During my life I was lucky enough to be guided and inspired by a number of outstanding characters, and helped to exploit my Seed Science Research (2003) 13, 3–15 DOI: 10.1079/SSR2002120
Effects of native vegetation recovery on soil loss

Considering the economic and environmental damages caused by soil loss, it is clear the necessity of information about the effect that vegetation has on soil loss rate. The present paper uses the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation with the objective of investigating soil loss under a native vegetation recovery (Atlantic Forest) and present conditions in the Guandu river basin, located in the Southwest portion of Brazil. It was identified that reforesting 8.11% of the basin, it would promote 28.73% reduction in the mean annual soil loss compared to the actual land use. Although the paper uses a particular vegetation recovery situation (areas protected by the Brazilian Forest Code), the intention here was to clarify the role that any native vegetation protection exercises on soil loss.
Population Characteristics of Trachemys dorbigni (Testudines, Emydidae) from Delta Do Jacuí State Park, Rio Grande Do Sul, Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT. Seasonal distribution, size classes, density, biomass, population structure, and sex ratio of Trachemys dorbigni were investigated in Delta do Jacui State Park, Rio Grande do Sul — Brazil, between 2003 and 2006 using mark-recapture methods. A total of 137 Trachemys dorbigni individuals were captured: 93 females, 30 males, and 14 undetermined. Recapture rate was 5.1%, with a total of 7 recaptures (one animal was recaptured twice and 5 other animals were recaptured once). Individuals in these populations were active between August and April, and no turtles were captured in February. Sexual dimorphism index (i.e., females' carapace length divided by males' carapace length) was 1.13, and females were bigger than males in all analyzed variables, except tail base to the cloaca opening length. Density was 7.61 turtles/ha, and biomass was 8.71 kg/ha. The distribution of body size classes revealed that the samples were composed mainly of adults (89.78%). Sex ratio was different from 1:1 (3:1; &khgr;2 = 32,27; df = 1; p < 0.001).
SENSITIVITY OF INDUCED SEISMICITY RISK TO SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION, GROUND MOTION PREDICTION, AND EXPOSURE

We evaluate the impact of earthquake magnitude distribution, ground motion prediction equations, and exposure on repair cost risk for induced seismicity at a site in Oklahoma City in the United States. There has been a significant increase in earthquakes in some of the traditionally low seismicity regions of the Central and Eastern US. Here, we perform sensitivity analyses of various components that affect seismic risk to determine how the variability in measurements of these components affect the variability in estimated risk. For example, a 100-fold change in earthquake activity rate increases the hazard 100-fold; whereas alternative earthquake magnitude distributions, with maximum magnitudes of 6 versus 7, have little impact on risk. We assess the impacts of earthquake activity rate, magnitude distribution, and ground motion prediction equations on seismic hazard and repair cost risk, and the impact of exposure on risk. These sensitivity analyses can be used to identify those components that are more critical for risk assessment, and hence would benefit the most from better constraints. This information can be beneficial for better allocation and prioritization of the limited resources, and for data collection of the more critical factors that impact risk from induced seismicity.
A qualitative exploration of psychoanalytic child psychotherapists’ perspectives on the links between personal analysis during training and professional development

ABSTRACT Personal analysis is a central requirement for the training of UK child and adolescent psychotherapists and is part-funded by the National Health Service in the UK. Empirical research on the significance of analysis for the professional development of child psychotherapists is virtually non-existent. Some empirical literature supports the importance of personal psychotherapy for the training of adult psychotherapists, but the differences between adult and child psychotherapy make the findings of this literature tenuous and difficult to apply directly to the child psychotherapy training. This study aims to explore this issue by studying qualified child psychotherapists’ views on the role that personal analysis has played in their professional development, with a particular focus on the ways in which it affects the relationships they form with their patients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six UK-based child and adolescent psychotherapists, focusing on their views about the role of personal analysis in their professional development during training and post-qualification. These interviews were audio-recorded and analysed using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis of the interview material points to three main themes: the holistic experience of being a patient; the supportive aspect of analysis during training; and factors associated with the impact of the analysis being part of the training. In brief, it appears that personal analysis during training enabled the participants to learn things they would not have been able to learn in any other way; however, the close links between the training schools and the analysts were seen as a more controversial topic.
Fear Sentiment, Uncertainty, and Bitcoin Price Dynamics: The Case of COVID-19

ABSTRACT This paper studies the impact of fear sentiment caused by the coronavirus pandemic on Bitcoin price dynamics. We construct a new proxy for coronavirus fear sentiment using hourly Google search queries on coronavirus-related words. The results show that market volatility has been exacerbated by fear sentiment as the result of an increase in search interest in coronavirus. Moreover, we find that negative Bitcoin returns and high trading volume can be explained by fear sentiment regarding the coronavirus. Our results also show that Bitcoin fails to act as a safe haven during the pandemic.
The impact of teaching in a one-to-one computing classroom on teachers’ work outside the classroom

ABSTRACT One-to-one computing programmes – that is, when each student has a personal, portable computer to use while learning – have been studied extensively, mostly regarding their actual classroom implementation. In this quantitative study, the authors take a broader perspective, exploring the impact of teaching in one-to-one computing programmes on teachers’ beliefs regarding their job outside the classroom. Participants were middle school and high school teachers who had taught in both one-to-one and traditional classrooms – and hence could reflect upon the differences between the two settings. The methodology included questionnaires based on Danielson’s comprehensive Framework of Teaching. The results suggest more positive attitudes towards teaching in one-to-one programmes than in traditional classrooms in all domains tested; however, the one-to-one instruction applied portrays a rather shallow, instrumental use of the digital devices in a way that supports existing teaching practices and beliefs, rather than a transformative effect of such programmes on teaching.
Social Media and Consumer Engagement: The Case of Malaysian Student Entrepreneurs

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the factors (i.e., social influence, performance expectancy, perceived trust, perceived risk, perceived enjoyment, and effort expectancy) contributing to the depth of social-media adoption as a business platform and its effect on consumer engagement among student entrepreneurs in Malaysia under the premise of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The findings of this study reveal that performance expectancy, perceived risk, perceived trust, and perceived enjoyment significantly affect the depth of social-media adoption, which in turn significantly affects consumer engagement.
New efficient designs of reversible logic gates and circuits in the QCA technology

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a developing nanotechnology, which seems to be a good candidate to replace the conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The QCA has the advantages of very low power dissipation, faster switching speed, and extremely low circuit area, which can be used in designing nanoscale reversible circuits. In this paper, the new efficient QCA implementations of the basic reversible Gates such as: CNOT, Toffoli, Feynman, Double Feynman, Fredkin, Peres, MCL, and R Gates are presented based on the straight interactions between the QCA cells. Also, the designs of 4-Bit reversible parity checker and 3-bit reversible binary to Grey converter are introduced using these optimized reversible Gates. The proposed layouts are designed and simulated using QCADesigner software. In comparison with previous QCA designs, the proposed layouts are implemented with the minimum area, minimum number of cells, and minimum delay without any wire-crossing techniques. Also, in comparison with the CMOS technology, the proposed layouts are more efficient in terms of the area and power. Therefore, our designs can be used to realize quantum computation in ultralow power computer communication.
Modelling the intensity of surface urban heat island and predicting the emerging patterns: Landsat multi-temporal images and Tehran as case study

ABSTRACT The increase of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and the formation of heat island in megacities have become an emerging environmental concern. The main objective of this study is to predict the intensity of Tehran’s heat island in the year 2033 based on historical changes of land cover and LST. For this purpose, Landsat satellite images were integrated with meteorological stations’ measurements from 1985 to 2017. The Cellular Automata-Markov (CA-Markov) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were used to predict the land cover changes and to the modelling of the Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity (SUHII), Surface Urban Heat Island Ratio Index (SUHRI) was used. Subsequently, using statistical analysis of the effect of historical land cover changes on LST variations, SUHII for 2033 was predicted. Our findings show that within this period, the built-up lands increased significantly from 39% in 1985 to 65% in 2017. The intensity of heat island increased with an increase in the value of SUHII from 0.02 to 0.19. Our predictive analysis reveals that the intensity of the Tehran’s heat island will increase to 0.32 by 2033. Our conclusions draw attentions to the increasing LST now and in the future in Tehran so that urban planners and local authorities take adequate actions for controlling its environmental impacts.
Strategic Brand Management In and Through Sport

Brand creation and management has attracted significant attention in academic circles in the past five decades, with several, often contradicting views being expressed. The idea of a rigid, company-controlled brand (Fulmer, 1965; Lear, 1963) has been gradually replaced by the notion of a more flexible and consumer-focused brand personality (Aaker, 1997; Schade, Piehler, & Burmann, 2014), which has in turn been overtaken by the concept of a rather multi-stakeholder co-creation of brands (Pongsakornrungsilp & Schroeder, 2011; Zhang, Jiang, Shabbir, & Du, 2015). This cocreation suggests that the brand is shaped through the interactions between the brand owner/manager and its various stakeholders, which can trigger significant strategic managerial implications. However, while aspects such as brand consistency, or inconsistency among different stakeholders, stakeholder overlap, traditional and digital medial proliferation and power shift from the organisation to the stakeholders have been studied extensively (Harris & de Chernatony, 2001; Kenyon, Manoli, & Bodet, 2018; Manoli & Hodgkinson, 2019), the practical facets of these strategic managerial implications are in need of further exploration. It is these strategic implications and their unexplored practical aspects that this special issue aims to focus on, while centring on the vibrant and rapidly developing sector of sport. Sport, one of the most rapidly and steadily growing sectors world-wide, has attracted equally significant attention in the past three decades by academia and practice alike, as a previous special issue in this journal illustrated (see Manoli, 2018). As a result, sport brands, their uniqueness and management have also captured substantial interest, not only as an area worthy of academic exploration, but also as a means for other brands to explore and develop through it (Bauer, Sauer, & Schmitt, 2005; Henseler, Wilson, & Westberg, 2011; Richelieu, 2016), making sport brand management take two forms; brand management in sport and brand management through sport. This special issue aims to add to the ever-developing branding and sport branding literature, by exploring both forms that sport brand management can take, while taking into consideration its strategic nature and the rapid development of the sport sector and the wider social, technological and economic environment.