Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human-Centered Approaches in Geovisualization Design: Investigating Multiple Methods Through a Long-Term Case Study

Working with three domain specialists we investigate human-centered approaches to geovisualization following an ISO13407 taxonomy covering context of use, requirements and early stages of design. Our case study, undertaken over three years, draws attention to repeating trends: that generic approaches fail to elicit adequate requirements for geovis application design; that the use of real data is key to understanding needs and possibilities; that trust and knowledge must be built and developed with collaborators. These processes take time but modified human-centred approaches can be effective. A scenario developed through contextual inquiry but supplemented with domain data and graphics is useful to geovis designers. Wireframe, paper and digital prototypes enable successful communication between specialist and geovis domains when incorporating real and interesting data, prompting exploratory behaviour and eliciting previously unconsidered requirements. Paper prototypes are particularly successful at eliciting suggestions, especially for novel visualization. Enabling specialists to explore their data freely with a digital prototype is as effective as using a structured task protocol and is easier to administer. Autoethnography has potential for framing the design process. We conclude that a common understanding of context of use, domain data and visualization possibilities are essential to successful geovis design and develop as this progresses. HC approaches can make a significant contribution here. However, modified approaches, applied with flexibility, are most promising. We advise early, collaborative engagement with data - through simple, transient visual artefacts supported by data sketches and existing designs - before moving to successively more sophisticated data wireframes and data prototypes.
Five-year retrospective radiographic follow-up study of dental implants with sandblasting with large grit, and acid etching-treated surfaces

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate five-year radiographic follow-up results of the Korean sandblasting with large grit, and acid etching (SLA)-treated implant system. Materials and Methods The subjects of the study are 54 patients who have been followed-up to date, of the patients who underwent implant surgery from May 1, 2009 to April 30, 2011. In all, 176 implant placements were performed. Radiographs were taken before the first surgery, immediately after the first and second surgeries, immediately and six months after the final prosthesis installation, and every year after that. Bone loss was evaluated by the method suggested by Romanos and Nentwig. Results A total of 176 implant placements were performed-122 in men and 54 in women. These patients have been followed-up for an average of 4.9 years. In terms of prosthetic appliances, there were 156 bridges and 20 single prostheses. Nine implants installed in the maxillary molar area, three in the mandibular molar area and two in the maxillary premolar area were included in group M, with bone loss less than 2 mm at the crestal aspect of the implant. Of these, eight implants were single prostheses. In all, six implants failed-four in the mandible and two in the maxilla. All of these failures occurred in single-implant cases. The implant survival rate was 98.1% on the maxilla and 94.3% on the mandible, with an overall survival of 96.6%. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, implants with the SLA surface have a very superior survival rate in relatively poor bone environments such as the maxilla.
U–Pb and fission‐track dating of a submarine pyroclastic rock from southwest Japan

The Okinoshima Formation crops out on Okinoshima Island and comprises a thick sequence (> 200 m) of pyroclastic rocks and alternating beds of sandstone and mudstone. Because Okinoshima Island is located between Honshu and Tsushima Island, the Okinoshima Formation potentially provides an important record of volcanism during the opening of the Japan Sea in northwest Kyushu, as well as a record of the formation of the present Genkai Sea region. In consideration of the lack of previous geochronological work, dating (fission‐track and U–Pb) of igneous zircons extracted from the Okinoshima Formation were undertaken and studied the clay mineral alteration in the pyroclastic material in order to reveal its thermal history. These data are used to constrain the age of the Okinoshima Formation and the present Genkai Sea region. Our results show that no thermal event has reset the fission‐track age after deposition of the pyroclastic rocks, and that the Okinoshima Formation was deposited at 16.2 Ma. The present Genkai Sea region is a deep‐sea basin, and its formation at 16.2 Ma was accompanied by submarine volcanism and rapid subsidence that marked the climactic stage of Japan Sea formation. After 16 Ma, the tectonic setting of the present Genkai Sea region changed from one of extension (related to the formation of the Japan Sea) to one of compression, with uplift occurring under the influence of the clockwise rotation of southwest Japan. Consequently, after 16 Ma the present Genkai Sea region became isolated from the forming processes of the Japan Sea.
An Integrated Timing and Dynamic Supply Noise Verification for Multi-10-Million Gate SoC Designs

We propose a semi-dynamic timing analysis flow applicable to large-scale circuits that takes into account dynamic power-supply drop. Logic delay is accurately estimated in the presence of power-supply noise through timing correction as a function of power-supply voltage during operation, where a time-dependent power-supply noise waveform is derived by way of a vectorless technique. Measurements and analysis of dynamic supply-noise waveforms and associated delay changes were performed on a sub-100-nm CMOS test circuit with embedded on-chip noise detectors and delay monitors. The proposed analysis technique was extended and applied to a test digital circuit with more than 10 million gates and validated toward a multi-10-million-gate CMOS SoC design.
Making Argumentation More Believable

There are a number of frameworks for modelling argumentation in logic. They incorporate a formal representation of individual arguments and techniques for comparing conflicting arguments. A problem with these proposals is that they do not consider the believability of the arguments from the perspective of the intended audience. In this paper, we start by reviewing a logic-based framework for argumentation based on argument trees which provide a way of exhaustively collating arguments and counter-arguments. We then extend this framework to it model-theoretic evaluation of the believability of arguments. This extension assumes that the beliefs of a typical member of the audience for argumentation can be represented by a set of classical formulae (a beliefbase). We compare a beliefbase with each argument to evaluate the empathy (or similarly the antipathy) that an agent has for the argument. We show how we can use empathy and antipathy to define a pre-ordering relation over argument trees that captures how nne argument tree is "more believable" than another. We also use these to define criteria for deciding whether an argument at the root of an argument tree is defeated or undeleated given the other arguments in the tree.
WordNet-based Semantic Relatedness Measures in Automatic Speech Recognition for Meetings

This paper presents the application of WordNet-based semantic relatedness measures to Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) in multi-party meetings. Different word-utterance context relatedness measures and utterance-coherence measures are defined and applied to the rescoring of N-best lists. No significant improvements in terms of Word-Error-Rate (WER) are achieved compared to a large word-based n-gram baseline model. We discuss our results and the relation to other work that achieved an improvement with such models for simpler tasks.
On the CDF-based scheduling for multi-cell uplink networks

In this paper, we propose a cumulative distribution function (CDF)-based scheduling for multi-cell uplink networks in order to exploit multi-user diversity, while satisfying fair resource sharing among users. In the proposed scheduling, each user adjusts its transmit power to reduce the amount of generating interference to other cells, based on a pre-determined threshold. Then, each user calculates CDF of an uplink signal-to-noise ratio with the adjusted transmit power, and feeds the CDF value back to its serving base station (BS). In each time slot, the BS selects the user having the largest CDF value. The proposed scheduling operates with a distributed manner even though it effectively copes with inter-cell interference. As a main result, we prove that the proposed scheduling achieves the double-logarithmic growth of normalized user throughput which is defined as the ratio of user throughput to the probability of the user being selected. Moreover, we observe that a fixed threshold is enough to accommodate diverse network scenarios with different population sizes and user locations in the proposed scheduling.
Energy efficient 3D positioning of micro unmanned aerial vehicles for underlay cognitive radio systems

Micro unmanned aerial vehicles (MUAVs) have attracted much interest as flexible communication means for multiple applications due to their versatility. Most of the MUAV-based applications require a time-limited access to the spectrum to complete data transmission due to limited battery capacity of the flying units. These characteristics are the origin of two main challenges faced by MUAV-based communication: 1) efficient-energy management, and 2) opportunistic spectrum access. This paper proposes an energy-efficient solution, considering the hover and communication energy, to address these issues by integrating cognitive radio (CR) technology with MUAVs. A non-convex optimization problem exploiting the mobility of MUAVs is developed for the underlay CR technique. The objective is to determine an optimized three-dimension (3D) location, for a secondary MUAV, at which it can complete its data transfer with minimum energy consumption and without harming the data rate requirement of the primary spectrum owner. Two algorithms are proposed to solve these optimization problems: a meta-heuristic particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and a deterministic algorithm based on Weber formulation. Selected numerical results show the behavior of the MUAV versus various system parameters and that the proposed solutions achieve very close results in spite of the different conceptional constructions.
Continuous Music-Emotion Recognition Based on Electroencephalogram

Research on emotion recognition using electroencephalogram (EEG) of subjects listening to music has become more active in the past decade. However, previous works did not consider emotional oscillations within a single musical piece. In this research, we propose a continuous music-emotion recognition approach based on brainwave signals. While considering the subject-dependent and changing-over-time characteristics of emotion, our experiment included self-reporting and continuous emotion annotation in the arousal-valence space. Fractal dimension (FD) and power spectral density (PSD) approaches were adopted to extract informative features from raw EEG signals and then we applied emotion classification algorithms to discriminate binary classes of emotion. According to our experimental results, FD slightly outperformed PSD approach both in arousal and valence classification, and FD was found to have the higher correlation with emotion reports than PSD. In addition, continuous emotion recognition during music listening based on EEG was found to be an effective method for tracking emotional reporting oscillations and provides an opportunity to better understand human emotional processes. key words: music, emotion, electroencephalogram
Music Speech Discrimination

We present a classifier that classifies audio samples into music or speech. Our classifier uses MFCCs and chroma features which capture timbre and pitch information from an audio sample. We demonstrate the separability of music-speech samples by using PCA to reduce our feature space down to two dimensions. We implemented SVM, GDA, and Naive Bayes classifiers on our dataset. The Naive Bayes classifier gives 91% accuracy over the dataset with 4-fold cross-validation. When tested on completely unseen dataset this same classifier achieves an accuracy of 98.75%
Fast Algorithm for Finding Unicast Capacity of Linear Deterministic Wireless Relay Networks

The deterministic channel model for wireless relay networks proposed by Avestimehr, Diggavi and Tse `07 has captured the broadcast and inference nature of wireless communications and has been widely used in approximating the capacity of wireless relay networks. The authors generalized the max-flow min-cut theorem to the linear deterministic wireless relay networks and characterized the unicast capacity of such deterministic network as the minimum rank of all the binary adjacency matrices describing source-destination cuts whose number grows exponentially with the size of the network. In this paper, we developed a fast algorithm for finding the unicast capacity of a linear deterministic wireless relay network by finding the maximum number of linearly independent paths using the idea of path augmentation. We developed a modified depth-first search algorithm tailored for the linear deterministic relay networks for finding linearly independent paths whose total number proved to equal the unicast capacity of the underlying network. The result of our algorithm suggests a capacity-achieving transmission strategy with one-bit length linear encoding at the relay nodes in the concerned linear deterministic wireless relay network. The correctness of our algorithm for universal cases is given by our proof in the paper. Moreover, our algorithm has a computational complexity bounded by $O(|{\cal{V}}_x|\cdot C^4+d\cdot |{\cal{V}}_x|\cdot C^3)$ which shows a significant improvement over the previous results for solving the same problem by Amaudruz and Fragouli (whose complexity is bounded by $O(M\cdot |{\cal{E}}|\cdot C^5)$ with $M\geq d$ and $|{\cal{E}}|\geq|{\cal{V}}_x|$) and by Yazdi and Savari (whose complexity is bounded by $O(L^8\cdot M^{12}\cdot h_0^3+L\cdot M^6\cdot C\cdot h_0^4)$ with $h_0\geq C$).
A texture descriptor for image retrieval and browsing

Image texture is an important visual primitive in image search and retrieval applications. To characterize texture information of images, a texture descriptor is proposed to capture both the perceptual information and the statistics of textures. The descriptor consists of two parts: a Perceptual Browsing Component (PBC) and a Similarity Retrieval Component (SRC). The emphasis of the paper is to introduce the extraction method for the PBC which is based on multidimensional decomposition of images using Gabor filters. By analyzing the one dimensional projections resulting from filtered images, PBC gives a quantitative measure about the structuredness of textures and also identifies the directionality and coarseness (scale). Our experimental results demonstrate that PBC can capture these texture properties quite well.
Detecting gene‐environment interactions in genome‐wide association data

Despite the importance of gene‐environment (G×E) interactions in the etiology of common diseases, little work has been done to develop methods for detecting these types of interactions in genome‐wide association study data. This was the focus of Genetic Analysis Workshop 16 Group 10 contributions, which introduced a variety of new methods for the detection of G×E interactions in both case‐control and family‐based data using both cross‐sectional and longitudinal study designs. Many of these contributions detected significant G×E interactions. Although these interactions have not yet been confirmed, the results suggest the importance of testing for interactions. Issues of sample size, quantifying the environmental exposure, longitudinal data analysis, family‐based analysis, selection of the most powerful analysis method, population stratification, and computational expense with respect to testing G×E interactions are discussed. Genet. Epidemiol. 33 (Suppl. 1):S68–S73, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exchangeable databases and their functional representation

We consider the task of statistical inference for data in the form of a relational database comprising multiple relations acting on heterogenous sets of objects. We define a notion of exchangeability for databases generalizing that of arrays, based on the idea that the objects over which the relations act are themselves exchangeable. When the data are encoded in the form of several multi-dimensional arrays this assumption corresponds to invariance to the simultaneous permutation of certain rows and columns across the multiple arrays. Recent work in Bayesian statistics has connected representation theorems due to Aldous, Hoover and Kallenberg to the modeling of individual exchangeable arrays. In particular, Hoff (2007), Roy and Teh (2009) and Lloyd et al. (2012) use these representational results to inspire statistical models of networks and other relational data. We extend this work by deriving corollaries of the representation theorems that are applicable to exchangeable databases and discuss the implications for modeling such data.
Numerical simulation of parts alignment under kinematical excitation

This paper deals with peg-hole parts alignment under kinematical excitation of the peg. Mathematical model for nonimpact regime of parts alignment was made. Graphical dependencies of alignment duration on initial pressing force, tilt stiffness, friction coefficient and excita-tion frequencies were obtained. The areas of parameters sets were determined for stable and reliable alignment of the parts. Properly chosen parameters of dynamical system and vibratory excitation allow reliable alignment of the parts during robotized assembly.
Female Students Orientation and Mobility In Kgatleng District In Botswana

The purpose of this study was to investigate the orientation and mobility of female students with visual impairment at two secondary schools in Kgatleng District in Botswsana. The following research questions guided the study: How is the mobility of female students with visual impairment in the schools? How do female students with visual impairment interact to access different places in various environments? What factors enable or hinder the mobility of students with visual impairment? The study utilized a sample of six participants (four female students and two teachers) drawn from a total population of nineteen people; eleven teachers (11) and eight students(8) from the two schools. Interviews and observation were used to collect data which was thematically analysed. The study concluded that the absence of orientation and mobility instruction, femininity within the student factors and lack of public awareness on the importance of the life skills are the hindrances to the mobility of students with visual impairment that inevitably result in students’ total dependence on peers for their mobility. The study therefore makes recommendations to change the predicament of the students in the schools.
Assessment of depression and suicidal behaviour among medical students in Portugal

Objectives To examine depression and suicidal behaviour and associated factors in a sample of medical students in Portugal. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study design of 456 native Portuguese medical students from the 4th and 5th year at the University of Lisbon. Participants answered a self-report survey including questions on demographic and clinical variables. Statistical analyses were conducted using the chi-square test, with a Monte Carlo simulation when appropriate. Results Depression among medical students was 6.1% (n=28) and suicidal behaviour 3.9% (n=18). Higher depression scores were noted in female medical students (χ2=4.870,df=2,p=0.027), students who lived alone (χ2=8.491,df=3,p=0.037), those with poor physical health (χ2=48.269,df=2,p<0.001), with poor economic status (χ2=8.579,df=2,p=0.014), students with a psychiatric diagnosis (χ2=44.846,df=1,p=0.009), students with a family history of psychiatric disorders (χ2=5.284,df=1,p=0.022) and students with high levels of anxiety (χ2=104.8, df=3, p<0.001). Depression scores were also higher in students with suicidal ideation (χ2=85.0,df=1,p<0.001), suicidal plan (χ2=47.9,df=1,p<0.001) and suicidal attempt (χ2=19.2,df=1,p<0.001). Suicidal behaviour was higher in medical students who lived alone (χ2=16.936,df=3,p=0.001), who had poor physical health (χ2=18,929,df=2,p=0.001), poor economic status (χ2=9.181,df=2,p=0.01), who are/were in psychopharmacology treatment (χ2=30.108,df =1,p<0.001), and who had high alcohol use (χ2=7.547,df=2,p=0.023), severe depression (χ2=88.875,df=3,p<0.001) and high anxiety levels (χ2=50.343,df=3,p<0.001). The results also revealed that there were no differences between students in the 4th and 5th years of medical school regarding rate of depression and suicidal behaviour. Conclusions Since depression and suicidal behaviour are mental health problems affecting a significant proportion of medical students, medical schools should implement programs that promote mental health wellness, physical health and economic status between other factors.
The Role of Nonlinear Drying above the Boundary Layer in the Mid-Holocene African Monsoon

AbstractPaleoclimatic proxies indicate that significant summertime rainfall reached the Sahara region during the mid-Holocene, presumably in response to stronger summertime heating in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate models generally do not replicate the enhanced precipitation. As a step toward understanding the response and possible role of model errors, a series of idealized experiments were conducted with the Community Earth System Model in which local atmospheric heat sources of increasing magnitude were applied in the boundary layer over the Sahel and Sahara. In response to this local heating, the cold and moist southwesterly monsoon inflow encroaches farther northward. A source strength of roughly 1 K day−1 produces responses similar to those in a simulation with mid-Holocene orbital forcing imposed globally, while that of 1.5 K day−1 produces a precipitation response similar to that from paleoproxies. The precipitation increases nonlinearly, with a jump at heating of around 1 K day−1, even though t.
Application of “less is more” to low back pain.

An initiative of the National Physicians Alliance, the project titled "Promoting Good Stewardship in Clinical Practice," developed a list of the top 5 activities in primary care for which changes in practice could lead to higher-quality care and better use of finite clinical resources. One of the top 5 recommendations was "Don't do imaging for low back pain within the first 6 weeks unless red flags are present. " This article presents data that support this recommendation. We selectively reviewed the literature, including recent reviews, guidelines, and commentaries, on the benefits and risks of routine imaging in low back pain. In particular, we searched PubMed for systematic reviews or meta-analyses published in the past 5 years. We also assessed the cost of spine imaging using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. One high-quality systematic review and meta-analysis focused on clinical outcomes in patients with low back pain and found no clinically significant difference in pain or function between those who received immediate lumbar spine imaging vs usual care. Published data also document harms associated with early imaging for low back pain, including patient "labeling," unneeded follow-up tests for incidental findings, irradiation exposure, unnecessary surgery, and significant cost. Routine imaging should not be pursued in acute low back pain. Not imaging patients with acute low back pain will reduce harms and costs, without affecting clinical outcomes.