Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Operating System Support for Pipeline Parallelism on Multicore Architectures

The industry wide shift to multicore architectures presents the software development community with an opportunity to revisit fundamental programming models and resource management strategies. Continuing to track the historical performance gains enabled by Moore’s law with multicores may be difficult as many applications are fundamentally sequential and not amenable to dataor task-parallel organizations. Fortunately, an important subset of these applications stream data (e.g., video processing, network frame processing, and scientific computing) and can be decomposed into pipeline-parallel structures, delivering increases proportional to the pipeline depth (2x, 3x, etc.). To realize the potential of pipeline-parallel software organizations requires reexamining some basic historical assumptions in OS design, including the purpose of time-sharing and the nature of applications. The key architectural change is that multicore architectures make it possible to fully dedicate resources as needed without compromising existing OS services. This paper describes the minimal OS extensions necessary to support efficient pipelineparallel applications on multicore systems with supporting evidence from the domain of network frame processing.
Cellulose Nanocrystal Aerogels as Universal 3D Lightweight Substrates for Supercapacitor Materials

Chemically cross-linked cellulose nanocrystal aerogels represent a versatile and universal substrate on which to prepare lightweight hybrid materials. In situ incorporation of polypyrrole nanofibers, polypyrrole-coated carbon nanotubes, and manganese dioxide nanoparticles in the aerogels gives flexible 3D supercapacitor devices with excellent capacitance retention, low internal resistance, and fast charge-discharge rates.
CD28-B7 interactions allow the induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the absence of exogenous help

The activation requirements for the generation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL) are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that in the absence of exogenous help, a CD28-B7 interaction is necessary and sufficient for generation of class I major histocompatibility complex- specific CTL. Costimulation is required only during the inductive phase of the response, and not during the effector phase. Transfection of the CD28 counter receptor, B7, into nonstimulatory P815 cells confers the ability to elicit P815-specific CTL, and this response can be inhibited by anti-CD28 Fab or by the chimeric B7-binding protein CTLA4Ig. Anti- CD28 monoclonal antibody (mAb) can provide a costimulatory signal to CD8+ T cells when the costimulatory capacity of splenic stimulators is destroyed by chemical fixation. CD28-mediated signaling provokes the release of interleukin 2 (IL-2) from the CD8+ CTL precursors, as anti- CD28 mAb could be substituted for by the addition of IL-2, and an anti- IL-2 mAb can block the generation of anti-CD28-induced CTL. CD4+ cells are not involved in the costimulatory response in the systems examined. We conclude that CD8+ T cell activation requires two signals: an antigen-specific signal mediated by the T cell receptor, and an additional antigen nonspecific signal provided via a CD28-B7 interaction.
Insights into the genetic history of Green-legged Partridgelike fowl: mtDNA and genome-wide SNP analysis

The Green-legged Partridgelike (GP) fowl, an old native Polish breed, is characterised by reseda green-coloured shanks rather than yellow, white, slate or black commonly observed across most domestic breeds of chicken. Here, we investigate the origin, genetic relationships and structure of the GP fowl using mtDNA D-loop sequencing and genome-wide SNP analysis. Genome-wide association analysis between breeds enables us to verify the genetic control of the reseda green shank phenotype, a defining trait for the breed. Two mtDNA D-loop haplogroups and three autosomal genetic backgrounds are revealed. Significant associations of SNPs on chromosomes GGA24 and GGAZ indicate that the reseda green leg phenotype is associated with recessive alleles linked to the W and Id loci. Our results provide new insights into the genetic history of European chicken, indicating an admixd origin of East European traditional breeds of chicken on the continent, as supported by the presence of the reseda green phenotype and the knowledge that the GP fowl as a breed was developed before the advent of commercial stocks.
Middleware-based database replication: the gaps between theory and practice

The need for high availability and performance in data management systems has been fueling a long running interest in database replication from both academia and industry. However, academic groups often attack replication problems in isolation, overlooking the need for completeness in their solutions, while commercial teams take a holistic approach that often misses opportunities for fundamental innovation. This has created over time a gap between academic research and industrial practice. This paper aims to characterize the gap along three axes: performance, availability, and administration. We build on our own experience developing and deploying replication systems in commercial and academic settings, as well as on a large body of prior related work. We sift through representative examples from the last decade of open-source, academic, and commercial database replication systems and combine this material with case studies from real systems deployed at Fortune 500 customers. We propose two agendas, one for academic research and one for industrial R&D, which we believe can bridge the gap within 5-10 years. This way, we hope to both motivate and help researchers in making the theory and practice of middleware-based database replication more relevant to each other.
A survey on solving cold start problem in recommender systems

The cold start problem is a long-standing problem in recommender systems where systems are unable to recommend relevant items to the users due to unavailability of adequate information about them. In literature, several researchers have addressed this problem by collecting missing information, but their approaches differ in the way they collect missing information. According to literature study on this problem, the solutions can be classified into two classes based on the nature of collecting missing information: (1) explicit solutions and (ii) implicit solutions. This article presents an insight on cold start problem in recommender systems and discusses techniques to deal with them.
Interactive environment for affective visual analysis of large data within virtual reality

The paper presents human-computer interaction model developed with the use of user's affective state. The model can be used within virtual and augmented reality systems. The application for complex networks analysis based on the proposed model and BigData concept is described. The application provides the user with the ability to perform visual analysis of complex network within virtual environment with support of cognitive images and affective state assessment.
Super resolution image reconstruction in parallel magnetic resonance imaging

In clinical applications, images with high resolution are often desired and required which may provide more details for doctors to make precise diagnosis. In this paper, an approach is proposed to increase image resolution of parallel magnetic resonance imaging. Since different receiver coils have different sensitivity profiles, different receiver channel models are constructed to map the original image information to low resolution images of different channels. Based on these models, the degradation function of every low resolution image can be obtained to compute the high resolution image iteratively using the well known super resolution approach. An in-vivo experiment is also provided to illustrate the feasibility and robustness of the proposed approach.
Temperatures of Formation of a Metahalloysite Deposit at Djebbel, Debbagh, North Eastern-Algeria

Mount Debbagh (Djebel Debbagh) is part of the neritic Constantinois Formation located in northeastern Alge- ria. This Formation consists of autochthonous limestones units varying in age from Jurassic to Cretaceous that contain au- tochthonous Aptian to Cenomanian limestones deposited in seawater. During diagenesis, temperatures of limestones var- ied from 50 to 130°C as measured by fluid inclusions and determined by stable-isotopes (C, O). These temperatures and stable-isotope values are consistent with the diagenetic evolution of a sedimentary pile with small influxes of meteoric- hydrothermal fluids, mixtures of saline fluids within a neotectonic framework. Karsts filled with detrital and neoformed clay deposits were located below an unconformity that was dated at Lutetian times. The largest karst is mainly composed of metahalloysite, whereas other karsts contain kaolinite, illite and illitesmectite detritus from nearby clastic units. In the central part of the largest karst, metahalloysite is associated with minor sulphates due to dominant weathering below 40°C (presumably between 15 and 25°C) by coastline meteoric-fluids with a � 18 O value ca. -2‰ V-SMOW. These low tem- peratures do not correspond to previous interpretations that considered the thermal system to be at elevated temperatures (>75°C) associated with neotectonics and/or hot-spring activity. Isotope exchange experiments with different size frac- tions of pure metahalloysites, with no expandable capacity indicate that they do not exchange hydrogen isotopes over 24 months for a temperature of 23°C. These results used together with kaolinite oxygen and hydrogen fractionation suggest that halloysite to metahalloysite transformation occurred within a temperature range between 25 and 40°C.
Dependence of the Ca2+-inhibitable Adenylyl Cyclase of C6–2B Glioma Cells on Capacitative Ca2+ Entry*

The ability of adenylyl cyclases to be regulated by physiological transitions in Ca2+ provides a key point for integration of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and cAMP signaling. Ca2+-sensitive adenylyl cyclases, whether endogenously or heterologously expressed, require Ca2+ entry for their regulation, rather than Ca2+ release from intracellular stores (Chiono, M., Mahey, R., Tate, G., and Cooper, D. M. F. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 1149–1155; Fagan, K. , Mahey, R. , and Cooper, D. M. F. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 12438–12444). The present study compared the regulation by capacitative Ca2+ entry versusionophore-mediated Ca2+ entry of an endogenously expressed Ca2+-inhibitable adenylyl cyclase in C6–2B cells. Even in the face of a dramatic [Ca2+]i rise generated by ionophore, Ca2+ entry via capacitative Ca2+entry channels was solely responsible for the regulation of the adenylyl cyclase. Selective efficacy of BAPTA over equal concentrations of EGTA in blunting the regulation of the cyclase by capacitative Ca2+ entry defined the intimacy between the adenylyl cyclase and the capacitative Ca2+ entry sites. This association could not be impaired by disruption of the cytoskeleton by a variety of strategies. These results not only establish an intimate spatial relationship between an endogenously expressed Ca2+-inhibitable adenylyl cyclase with capacitative Ca2+ entry sites but also provide a physiological role for capacitative Ca2+ entry other than store refilling.
Multiple Texture Stitching and Blending on 3D Objects

In this paper we propose a new approach for mapping and blending textures on 3D geometries. The system starts from a 3D mesh which represents a real object and improves this model with pictorial detail. Texture detail is acquired via a common photographic process directly from the real object. These images are then registered and stitched on the 3D mesh, by integrating them into a single standard texture map. An optimal correspondence between regions of the 3D mesh and sections of the acquired images is built. Then, a new approach is proposed to produce a smooth join between different images that map on adjacent sections of the surface, based on texture blending. For each mesh face which is on the adjacency border between different observed images, a corresponding triangular texture patch is resampled as a weighted blend of the corresponding adjacent images sections. The accuracy of the resampling and blending process is improved by computing an accurate piecewise local registration of the original images with respect to the current face vertices. Examples of the results obtained with sample Cultural Heritage objects are presented and discussed.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 1 Polymorphisms Modify the Associations of Plasma Glycine and Serine With Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris in WENBIT (Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial)

Background—Serine and glycine interconversion and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1)–mediated 1-carbon transfer are the major sources of methyl groups for 1-carbon metabolism. Recently, plasma glycine and a common polymorphism in MTHFD1 have been associated with risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is, therefore, of interest to explore if these 2 pathways interact in relation to AMI. Methods and Results—A total of 2571 participants in the WENBIT (Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial) undergoing coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris were studied. Associations of plasma serine and glycine concentrations with risk of AMI across 2 common and functional MTHFD1 polymorphisms (rs2236225 and rs1076991) were explored in Cox regression models. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 212 patients (8.2%) experienced an AMI. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, plasma glycine (P<0.01), but not serine (P=0.52), showed an overall association with AMI. However, interactions of MTHFD1 rs2236225 polymorphism with both plasma serine and glycine were observed (Pinteraction=0.03 for both). Low plasma serine and glycine were associated with an increased risk of AMI among patients carrying the rs2236225 minor A allele. Similarly, low plasma glycine showed stronger risk relationship with AMI in the rs1076991 CC genotype carriers but weaker associations in patients carrying the minor T allele (Pinteraction=0.02). Conclusions—Our results showed that 2 common and functional polymorphisms in the MTHFD1 gene modulate the risk associations of plasma serine and glycine with AMI. These findings emphasize the possible role of the MTHFD1 in regulating serine and glycine metabolism in relation to atherosclerotic complications. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique Identifier: NCT00354081.
DNA-Mediated Self-Assembly of Artificial Vesicles

Background Although multicompartment systems made of single unilamellar vesicles offer the potential to outperform single compartment systems widely used in analytic, synthetic, and medical applications, their use has remained marginal to date. On the one hand, this can be attributed to the binary character of the majority of the current tethering protocols that impedes the implementation of real multicomponent or multifunctional systems. On the other hand, the few tethering protocols theoretically providing multicompartment systems composed of several distinct vesicle populations suffer from the readjustment of the vesicle formation procedure as well as from the loss of specificity of the linking mechanism over time. Methodology/Principal Findings In previous studies, we presented implementations of multicompartment systems and resolved the readjustment of the vesicle formation procedure as well as the loss of specificity by using linkers consisting of biotinylated DNA single strands that were anchored to phospholipid-grafted biotinylated PEG tethers via streptavidin as a connector. The systematic analysis presented herein provides evidences for the incorporation of phospholipid-grafted biotinylated PEG tethers to the vesicle membrane during vesicle formation, providing specific anchoring sites for the streptavidin loading of the vesicle membrane. Furthermore, DNA-mediated vesicle-vesicle self-assembly was found to be sequence-dependent and to depend on the presence of monovalent salts. Conclusions/Significance This study provides a solid basis for the implementation of multi-vesicle assemblies that may affect at least three distinct domains. (i) Analysis. Starting with a minimal system, the complexity of a bottom-up system is increased gradually facilitating the understanding of the components and their interaction. (ii) Synthesis. Consecutive reactions may be implemented in networks of vesicles that outperform current single compartment bioreactors in versatility and productivity. (iii) Personalized medicine. Transport and targeting of long-lived, pharmacologically inert prodrugs and their conversion to short-lived, active drug molecules directly at the site of action may be accomplished if multi-vesicle assemblies of predefined architecture are used.
Indigenous Bacteria and Fungi Drive Traditional Kimoto Sake Fermentations

ABSTRACT Sake (Japanese rice wine) production is a complex, multistage process in which fermentation is performed by a succession of mixed fungi and bacteria. This study employed high-throughput rRNA marker gene sequencing, quantitative PCR, and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism to characterize the bacterial and fungal communities of spontaneous sake production from koji to product as well as brewery equipment surfaces. Results demonstrate a dynamic microbial succession, with koji and early moto fermentations dominated by Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Aspergillus flavus var. oryzae, succeeded by Lactobacillus spp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae later in the fermentations. The microbiota driving these fermentations were also prevalent in the production environment, illustrating the reservoirs and routes for microbial contact in this traditional food fermentation. Interrogating the microbial consortia of production environments in parallel with food products is a valuable approach for understanding the complete ecology of food production systems and can be applied to any food system, leading to enlightened perspectives for process control and food safety.
An Optimal Energy Storage Control Strategy for Grid-connected Microgrids

This paper presents an online optimal energy/power control method for the operation of energy storage in grid-connected electricity microgrids. The approach is based on a mixed-integer-linear-program optimization formulated over a rolling horizon window, considering predicted future electricity usage and renewable energy generation. Performance objectives include electricity usage cost, battery operation costs, and utility oriented goals related to the peak demand and load smoothing. A robust counterpart formulation of the optimization problem is also proposed to handle uncertainty in energy demand/generation prediction in a computationally efficient way. Further reduction in the computations is achieved by employing variable time steps and relaxing binary constraints. A series of simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of various features of the proposed energy/power management methodology in different scenarios.
A Visual Modeling Environment for Embedded Component Systems

This paper proposes a new visual modeling environment for embedded component systems that improves the productivity of application developers. This embedded component system decreases the complexity and the difficulty of software development for embedded systems. Furthermore, it is possible to estimate the memory consumption of an entire application, since the proposed system uses a static configuration. This environment builds the development components for the application. As well, the visual modeling environment can automatically generate a build description that is part of the component description language. Finally, this environment can be used to generate C-language interface code, either . h or . c, from the component descriptions.
Using real-time sensing data for predicting future state of building fires

The development of sensor technologies in recent years makes it possible to acquire real-time states of building environment and its systems with a major trend towards big data and wireless data transmission. How to use these vast real-time data sets to achieve a safer, more comfortable and energy efficient building becomes a major challenge for building engineering. This paper investigates one of the possibilities of using the real-time data for the prediction of future fire development states. Beyond simply reflecting the real-time states of a system, the sensing data will be able to forecast a highly dynamic problem of building fire growth and smoke dispersion inside building environment. This paper presents the forecasting method based an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to predict building fire smoke temperature and smoke layer height at the real time. Detailed formulations of the zonal fire smoke models and the EnKF model are presented. The proposed real-time forecasting method is demonstrated and validated by a 1:5 scaled compartment fire experiment. The results indicate that real-time forecasting of building fires is achievable while the accuracy is noticeable which can be applied to assist emergency evacuation and firefighting.