Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Ogbomoso, South West, Nigeria

Background: Information on factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) is central in designing cost effective programs for reducing maternal deaths among women. This study assessed factors influencing BP/CR among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Ogbomoso, South West Nigeria. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between January and April, 2015. Systematic sampling technique was employed to recruit 400 women attending antenatal clinic at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection and data analysis was done using SPSS version 21. Chi-square test was used for bivariate analysis while binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results: More than half (51.3%) of our respondents were in the 30-39 age category. Only 40.3% of these respondents were reported well prepared for births and were complication ready. The proportion of women who had BP/CR was significantly higher among those in the middle socio-economic group (51.6%, p<0.05), those who practiced Christianity (76.4%, p<0.05) and those from Yoruba ethnic group (80.1%, p<0.05). Respondents in lower socio-economic group were 42% less likely to have prepared for birth compared to women in the high socio-economic class (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-0.99). Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The proportion of Nigerian women in our sample who were well-prepared for birth and its complication was below average. There is need for more awareness programs on BP/CR; such programs should target all women especially the vulnerable group. Key words: Birth Preparedness • Complication Readiness • Antenatal Care • Maternal Mortality • Nigeria • Focused Antenatal Care • Demographic and Health Survey Copyright © 2015 Idowu et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Histopathological and Histomorphometric studies on the effects of Olanzapine on Testis: An experimental study in Albino Rats

Introduction: Toxic effects of an antipsychotic drug on male gonad were explored experimentally. Olanzapine, an antipsychotic drug, has affinity for a wide range of receptors posing danger to the large variety of organs. Since olanzapine can bind to these receptors, a direct effect of these drugs on spermatogenesis is possible. Therefore testis, an organ least attended, has been selected in the present study. Material and Methods: Two groups of animals of the equal number were designed in such a way that the first group acted as control and second group acted as experimental. After histopathological comparison in the tissue of the testis, histomorphometric analysis was also performed to support the former. Twelve albino male rats were divided into two groups of six animals each. Olanzapine was injected in experimental rats in a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally for 6 weeks. Sections of both experimental and control testis were examined under light microscope for histopathological findings. Histomorphometric informations were also collected to support the former findings by using ocular and stage micrometers. Student's t-test was used to compare the control testis findings with the single variable experimental one. Results: Experimental testis showed intra and interlobular edema, compressed seminiferous tubules, thinning and fragmentation of basement membrane. Spermatogenic cells were smudgy and compressed by edema fluid. Blood vessels showed inflammatory cells in the lumen. Discussion and Conclusion: Olanzapine-induced testicular degeneration might lead to reduced libido, a fact of great social impact.
Market anomalies and data persistence: The case of the day-of-the-week effect

This paper investigates the degree of persistence in the financial markets’ data during different days of the week over the last twenty years. This allows taking a brand new look on the day-of-the-week effect and providing additional evidence against the efficient market hypothesis. The variety of the financial markets includes developed and emerging stock markets, FOREX, commodity and cryptocurrency markets. To measure the level of persistence the R/S analysis is used. The findings indicate that the level of persistence is different for different days of the week. This is inconsistent with the Efficient Market Hypothesis: data do not follow a random walk; and there can be indirect evidence in favor of the day-of-the-week effect. Conclusions on non-randomness of the data are important, because they allow choosing the best model to describe price dynamics so that to increase the predictive power of the existing models. Differences in the long-memory properties of the market data during different days of the week is an important finding that can lead to better understanding of the behavior of financial markets. High level of persistence implies data predictability, and therefore suggests that trend following technics can be applied to make profits from trading.
A case report of multiple bilateral dens invaginatus in maxillary anteriors

The present report presents a case of dens invaginatus (DI) in a patient with 4 maxillary incisors. A 24-year-old female complained of swelling of the maxillary left anterior region and discoloration of the maxillary left anterior tooth. The maxillary left lateral incisor (tooth #22) showed pulp necrosis and a chronic apical abscess, and a periapical X-ray demonstrated DI on bilateral maxillary central and lateral incisors. All teeth responded to a vitality test, except tooth #22. The anatomic form of tooth #22 was similar to that of tooth #12, and both teeth had lingual pits. In addition, panoramic and periapical X-rays demonstrated root canal calcification, such as pulp stones, in the maxillary canines, first and second premolars, and the mandibular incisors, canines, and first premolars bilaterally. The patient underwent root canal treatment of tooth #22 and non-vital tooth bleaching. After a temporary filling material was removed, the invaginated mass was removed using ultrasonic tips under an operating microscope. The working length was established, and the root canal was enlarged up to #50 apical size and obturated with gutta-percha and AH 26 sealer using the continuous wave of condensation technique. Finally, non-vital bleaching was performed, and the access cavity was filled with composite resin.
Cardiac Interventions in Symptomatic Patients ≥ 90-Years-Old (Nonagenarians): A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of Spectrum and Outcome

• Page 1 of 10 • Citation: Müller PN, Jost CHA, Bertel O, Naegeli B, Straumann E, et al. (2019) Cardiac Interventions in Symptomatic Patients ≥ 90-Years-Old (Nonagenarians): A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of Spectrum and Outcome. Int Arch Cardiovasc Dis 3:022. doi.org/10.23937/2643-3966/1710022 Accepted: August 26, 2019; Published: August 28, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Müller PN, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Unemployment and health in SpainThe influence of socio-economic environment

We present the results of a study on the association between unemployment and health and the use of health services, exploring the influence of the socio-economic environment on these relationships. With this aim, data from the Spanish National Health Survey (SNHS) were used. Health was measured by subjective health status, presence of chronic illnesses and psychological symptoms. The use of health services was measured by drug consumption (over the counter and/or prescribed drugs), doctor consultation, hospital admission and casualty attendance. A total of 13,344 individuals aged between 16 and 65 years were included. Results were analysed for all of Spain and for 3 regions with different socio-economic levels: Andalusia, Catalonia and the Basque Country. Although in Spain as a whole there was a relationship between unemployment, ill health and more use of health services, this relationship varied for the selected regions. Thus, in Catalonia and the Basque Country, where unemployment rates have dramatically increased in recent years, this relationship was maintained, while in Andalusia, where high unemployment rates have been a long-standing phenomenon, the relationship was less clear. It is suggested that the economic and social environment might be critical in determining the relationship between unemployment and health.
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS IN HOSPITALS OF JAHROM UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (2010)

Background: The city of Jahrom is one of the phenomenal zones of the country and therefore, the city hospitals must have the potential to act in emergency situations. Objective: This research was intended to determine the degree of disaster preparedness in the hospitals affiliated to the Jahrom University of Medical science. Methods: The descriptive study carried out in 2 teaching general hospitals of Jahrom University of Medical Science, Jahrom (Iran) in 2010. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made checklist questionnaire composed of 230 questions. For every 10 variables, a collection of 5 domains including the equipments, logistic, personnel, place, and work process was considered. Checklist validity was accepted by face and content validity and its reliability calculated by test retest method and Speaman’s test (r=0.88). Findings: The hospitals’ preparedness was found to be very week in transfer and evacuation; weak in admission, communication, and management; moderate in emergency, traffic, personnel, security, and logistic; and very good in education. The overall preparedness was at moderate level. Conclusion: Improving the disaster preparedness requires the hospitals to follow programs mostly focused on transfer and evacuation, admission, communication, and management.
Adherence to recommended intake of calcium and colorectal cancer risk in the HEXA study

Abstract Background Many studies have suggested that dietary calcium has a protective effect on colon cancer development. The mean dietary calcium intake of Koreans is 490 mg/day, which is far less than the recommended intake of calcium 700-800mg/day. In this study, we explored the relationship between dietary calcium intake and colorectal cancer development in Koreans with relatively low calcium intake compared to Western countries. Methods The Health Examinees (HEXA) Study, large-scale genomic community-based prospective cohort study was designed to identify the general characteristics of major chronic disease in Korean. Participants in this analysis consisted with 135,230 participants aged 40-69 years recruited between 2004 and 2013. The calcium intake level was categories by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs). Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for colorectal cancer risk adjusting for potential confounders. Results Median energy-adjusted calcium intake was 385.5mg/day in men and 420.2mg/day in women. In the multivariate-adjusted model, compared with the group consumed less than the recommended intake of calcium, the group consumed more than the recommended intake of calcium showed a marginally significant reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer in women. (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38-1.02). But, among men, no significant association were observed between the dietary calcium intake and colorectal cancer risk (HR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.56-1.37). Conclusions Korean women who adhere to the recommended intake of calcium showed a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding The National Research Foundation of Korea, No. 2017R1A2B4009233. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Profiling Green Consumers

Many studies have tried using demographics and other measures to improve our understanding of prospective green buyers and to learn how to encourage more green behaviors. This study employed two online surveys of U.S. adults (total of 1,330 respondents) to examine the contribution of demographic, psychographic, and other variables for describing consumers with environment-friendly attitudes. The results confirmed the limited value of demographics (e.g., age was not related to green attitudes). New variables tested included impulsiveness behavior, privacy concerns, religiosity, spirituality, risk and time preferences, handedness, and political orientation. Although most green studies have not included social desirability bias controls, this measure appeared to be important. Other variables that were positively linked to green attitudes include hedonic consumption, privacy concerns, spirituality measures, risk preferences, and liberal political preferences. These results offer new insights for building segments of green consumers, for developing messages for these consumers, and for efficiently communicating with consumers who have environment-friendly attitudes.
Association of TNF-α serum levels with response to antitubercular treatment in MDR tuberculosis patients

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem, with an estimated one-third of the world′s population being infected. Cytokines play a major role in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection and regulate the immune responses at a cellular level. Most studies on cytokines during TB are from "in vitro"-stimulated lymphoid cells with few reports on in vivo plasma levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in new, undertreatment (UT), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) pulmonary and extrapulmonary cases. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (J.N.M.C.), Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U.), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. Results: The levels of TNF-α were measured in 76 serum samples from TB patients by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Diaclone Sas, 1 BD, A Flemming Besancon Cedax, France), along with 10 healthy controls. Complete clinical, radiological and treatment data were collected. The TNF-α levels were elevated in new cases (P < 0.05) and MDR cases (P < 0.05) but not significantly for UT cases (P > 0.05). Conclusions: An understanding of this response may lead to an insight into the pathogenesis and novel therapies for TB.
Lichen planus pigmentosus and ashy dermatosis: a clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological comparison

Background Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) and ashy dermatosis (AD) are disorders of hyperpigmentation and differentiation between two can be difficult. They can be close mimickers. Earlier they were considered the same entity but over time various authors enlisted a few clinical and histopathological differences between the two. In this review, we would add the additional dermoscopic differences and review the clinical and histopathological differences between these two confusing entities. Aim To differentiate between lichen planus pigmentosus and ashy dermatosis on the basis of clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features. Methods We selected ten patients of newly diagnosed lichen planus pigmentosus and ten of ashy dermatosis presenting to dermatology OPD. Clinical examination, dermoscopy and punch biopsy were performed in each case. Results Out of the 20 patients who were included in this study, 10 were diagnosed with lichen planus pigmentosus and 10 with ashy dermatosis. 80% patients presented with pruritus in LPP and all patients were asymptomatic in AD. In LPP, most common pattern was diffuse where on dermoscopic examination, granules were seen arranged in a hem like pattern. In AD, pigment was seen present in a curvilinear fashion. Conclusion Differentiation between lichen planus pigmentosus and ashy dermatosis can be a daunting task. Dermoscopy is a useful and non-invasive modality that can be of immense help.
Gender Difference in Anorectal Function in Healthy Young Taiwanese

Anorectal manometry is useful in the assessment of defecation disorders. Our aim was to measure anorectal manometric parameters in healthy Taiwanese adults. We used a 4.5 mm diameter solid state probe containing 4 radially arrayed microtransducers, and a 5 cm long latex balloon for performing anorectal manometry in 16 healthy subjects. The parameters measured in this study included resting and squeeze sphincter pressure, sensory thresholds in response to balloon distension, compliance of rectum, and rectoanal inhibitory reflex in response to balloon distension. Squeeze sphincter pressure was higher in men than in women (p＜0.05), but resting sphincter pressure was similar between men and women. Distinct thresholds for rectal sensations were found but there was no gender difference. Rectal compliance and anal length were also similar. A positive correlation was detected between anal length and resting sphincter pressure (r=0.72, p=0.003). Our data provided manometry application in anorectal function testing with a reference range that could be utilized by future researches or clinical practices in Taiwanese subjects.
Anti-tobacco Messages on Tobacco Products in India: Do They Really Hit the Mark?

The Indian Government has recently introduced various fiscal and nonfiscal measures for tobacco control, including pictorial health warnings on tobacco packaging. Health warnings on tobacco products are arguably the most cost-effective tool for educating on the health risks of tobacco use. However, interventions are effective upon being transferred from one setting to another with appropriate adjustment to the local context. Authors argue that there is a need to strengthen and target the health messages in a better way to ensure that the warnings reach all smokers, including those buying loose cigarettes/bidis. Any measures that make anti-tobacco messages more meaningful in the Indian context will lead to significant contributions towards the fight against tobacco.
The effects of concurrent training on performance variables in previously untrained males

The Effects of Concurrent Training on Performance Variables in Previously Untrained Males. (December 2003) Shawn Philip Glowacki, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Stephen F. Crouse Research has shown conflicting results involving interference of strength development with combined resistance and endurance training. Purpose: To examine if endurance training and resistance training performed concurrently would produce different performance and physiological results when compared to each type of training alone. Methods: Forty-five untrained males were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three 12 wk training groups. An endurance training (ET, N=12) group trained by running (2-3 days/week, 20-40 min, 6580% HRR), a resistance training (RT, N=13) group performed a resistance training program (2-3 days/week, 3 sets/8 exercises, 6-10 reps, 75-85% 1RM), and a concurrent training (CT, N=16) group performed both the endurance and resistance training programs (5 days/week, even # week 3 endurance/2 resistance workouts, odd # week 3 resistance/2 endurance workouts). All groups were tested for all the following variables prior to and following training: percent body fat, VO2max, isokinetic-maximal torque and avg. power at two speeds, 1RM leg press, 1 RM bench press, vertical jump, lower body power (as calculated by the Lewis formula) and 40-yard dash time. Results: Percent body fat was significantly (p≤.05) decreased in both
Prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 in Sudanese women diagnosed with cervical carcinoma

Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the major risk factor to develop malignant lesions HR types (HPV16 and HPV18) account for about 70% of all invasive cervical cancers worldwide. It is estimated that 833 Sudanese women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and 534 die from the disease every year. The present study aimed to detect HPV 16, and determine the association of HPV16 with age and various grades of cervical carcinoma in patients with clinically confirmed cervical SCC. Materials and Methods: A total of 158 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues blocks from Sudanese women diagnosed as cervical cancer and benign were collected between 2012 and 2016 at Omdurman Maternity Hospital and National Laboratories, Khartoum, Sudan. HPV DNA detection was done using HPV 16 specific primers in real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The frequency of HPV 16 was identified among 10.34% (n = 6) and 6% (n = 6) women with abnormal cytology and normal cytology, respectively. Based on age, high prevalence rate of HPV 16 was observed among age group 61–70 in women with malignant cases. The degree of differentiation, an important classification in SCC cases revealed that 5% (n = 3) cases had moderately differentiated SCC and two of them were keratinized SCC. In addition, 3.4% (n = 2) SCC cases were keratinized and well differentiated. Conclusion: Overall, the prevalence of HPV types 16 was higher but had no significant association with cervical SCC in Sudanese women.
Cognitive behavioral therapy and functional impairment in obsessive–Compulsive disorder

Background: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions and has a lifetime prevalence of around 2%–3%. Increase in symptoms severity in OCD is associated with noticeable impairment in daily psychosocial functioning of the patient, that further add-on to the stress level of the individual and increases burden on the family and society. Therefore, effective and timely management is required. Literature favors cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention in managing symptoms severity in OCD. The present study attempts to look its role on functional impairment of such patients. Methods: Pre- and post-intervention with a control group design were made to conduct this study involving 20 patients with OCD. Patients were equally divided in two groups where one group was given intervention with CBT sessions for 10 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention assessment was done using Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and dysfunctional analysis questionnaire (DAQ) and results were compared. Results: Obtained data indicate significant decrease in composite score on YBOCS and significant increase in composite and domain-wise scores for DAQ assessment at postintervention assessment, in the group which has been given intervention with CBT as compared to the other group. Conclusion: Finding reveals that CBT has an impact in improving the functional ability along with remission of primary obsessive–compulsive symptoms in patients with OCD.