Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of match running performance with and without ball possession to football performance

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between match running patterns with and without ball possession and the number of points earned at the end of the Spanish football league (La Liga). Running distance covered with and without ball possession at speeds ≥21 and <21 km/h were analysed from 4 consecutive seasons (2015–2016 to 2018–2019). The league champion ran a shorter distance per match than the teams that classified for the Champions League (P = 0.05), than the teams ranked in the middle of the ranking (P = 0.02), and the teams that were relegated to the second division (P = 0.04). However, the league champion and the teams that classified for the Champions League ran a greater distance with ball possession than teams in the middle of the ranking (P < 0.01) and relegation teams (P < 0.01). A stepwise multiple regression analysis was able to explain only 37.9% of the total variance in the number of points with match running variables. In conclusion, the best football teams cover a greater distance with the ball than the less successful teams but the contribution of match running performance to overall football success is limited.
Understanding migration motives and its impact on household welfare: evidence from rural–urban migration in Indonesia

ABSTRACT Rural–urban migration is a common demographic phenomenon in developing countries. Over the last four decades, Indonesia has had the highest rate of urbanization among Asian countries, which has been driven primarily by rural–urban migration. This type of migration has strong economic and social impacts on individuals at both the origins and the destinations. The study analyses the patterns and impacts of rural–urban migration based on the migration motives of rural households. The difference-in-differences approach is applied to identify migration’s impact on the welfare of migrant households in rural areas based on migration motives. The study uses Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data from 2007 and 2014, which consists of 2007 household samples spread over 13 provinces. Migration is found to have a positive and significant impact on migrant household welfare based on investment motives, but an insignificant result regarding the impact of migration based on risk-coping motives. Also found is the difference in migration patterns between the two migration motives.
Tree-ring dating of recent volcanic ash and Lapilli, Mt Egmont

Abstract Previous literature on the recent volcanic history of Mt Egmont is reviewed. In the present account nine beds, constituting the volcanic ash and lapilli deposited on the mountain within the last 500 years, are described, mapped, and approximately dated. In stratigraphic sequence these are: Newall Ash, Newall Lapilli, Waiweranui Lapilli, Waiweranui Ash, constituting the Newall Formation dated about A.D. 1604; Burrell Ash, Burrell Lapilli, Puniho Lapilli 1, Puniho Lapilli 2, constituting the Burrell Formation dated about A.D. 1655; and Tahurangi Ash, the sole member of the Tahurangi Formation dated about A.D. 1755. The dating is based on tree-ring counts for the most part, but relative depths of interbedded peat have also been used. Sources of error in tree-ring dating and the problems involved in applying the method to the particular ash beds are discussed in detail. The recent volcanic history of the mountain is outlined. Further study needs to be made of the beds on the west side to elucidate th.
Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Related to Grain Formation in Two Different Senescent Types of Maize

Abstract Field experiments and plant analyses were carried out to investigate the changes of ribulose-1,5-bisphophate carboxyase/oxygenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and chlorophyll in two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars and their relationship to grain formation as regulated by different nitrogen applications. Two maize hybrids included “Danyu 13,” an earlier senescent hybrid, and “Zhongdan 306,” a stay-green hybrid. There were four nitrogen (N) treatments: (1) N1: 0 kg N ha−1, (2) N2: 250 kg N ha−1 (1/5 N as basal application and 4/5 N as top-dressing at stalk elongation stage), (3) N3: 250 kg N ha−1 (1/5 N as basal, 2/5 N as top-dressing at stalk elongation stage and at tasselling stage, respectively), (4) N4: 400 kg N ha−1 (1/5 N as basal and 4/5 N as top-dressing at stalk elongation stage). Results showed that biological yield and grain yield for “Zhongdan 306” were higher than “Danyu 13” in each N treatment, and the maximum grain yield was obtained in N2 and N3 treatment for “Danyu 13” and “Zhongdan 306,” separately. The amount of N, chlorophyll (chl), and Rubisco-N in leaves for “Zhongdan 306” was clearly higher than “Danyu 13” in each N treatment during entire growth stage. Synthesis of Rubisco and chl, especially Rubisco, played a very important role in the nitrogen supply for grain formation for two hybrids. Excessive N application (N4 treatment) could not increase grain yield further in both hybrids. For “Zhongdan 306,” the carbon sources in grain were 87–96% of total carbon (C) from leaf photosynthesis and 5–14% of total C from mobilized C, while the nitrogen sources in grain were 69–90% of total nitrogen absorbed by roots from soil and 10–31% of total nitrogen from mobilized N. For “Danyu 13,” the C from photosynthesis and mobilized C accounted for 66–81% and 19–34% respectively. The mobilized N and N absorbed by roots from soil accounted for 48–68% and 32–53%, separately. That is, for stay-green variety, the C and N in grain was depended mainly on the larger retranslocation of photosynthetic C and N absorbed by roots during maturation, and smaller retranslocation of C and N existed in vegetative mass before silking stage, whereas that for earlier senescent hybrid, relied upon the larger retranslocation of C and N existed in vegetative mass before silking stage, and smaller retranslocation of C from photosynthesis and N absorbed by roots during maturation.
Preparation and characterisation of dietary fibre from sugar beet pulp

Dried sugar beet pulp was ground and washed with 95% ethanol in order to obtain a colourless and odourless product which could be used as dietary fibre after drying and sieving. Sugar beet fibre had the same chemical composition as the initial pulp: 26–32% of hemicelluloses, 22–24% cellulose, 21.5–23% uronic acids, ∼1–2% lignin, ∼7–8% protein, 7.5–12% ash and ∼0.5% residual sucrose. The main physicochemical properties such as density, cation exchange capacity (∼0.6 meq g−1) and water holding capacity (24–32 g g−1) were determined. The water holding capacity of sugar beet fibre was only slightly affected by pH and ionic strength (adjusted by NaCl or CaCl2) but it held less water in the H+ form than in the salt form, Na+ or Ca2+.
Gender pay equity: Exploring the impact of formal, consistent and transparent human resource management practices and information

Abstract This paper explores the extent to which formalised HR practices can reduce gender bias in pay setting or whether, following Acker (2006), gender bias may still be embedded within formalised HR practices. Detailed investigation of a critical case study of a Chilean finance organisation with a strong commitment to formalised, consistent and transparent pay practices based on individuated information, revealed only a small negative gender effect on pay and no identifiable gender effects in starting salaries, merit pay or promotion. These findings provide some support for the proposition that HR practices focused on job-related performance (Reskin, 2000) and limiting managerial discretion may facilitate gender pay equity. However, the case also reveals the limits of these policies. Women scored equally well on performance but formalised scores on future potential were higher for men and mattered more. A significant gender effect emerged in promotion to more senior posts. These mixed outcomes suggest that Acker’s (2006) proposition still holds.
P2Y receptors in brain astroglial cells: Identification of a gliotic P2Y receptor coupled to activation of a calcium‐independent ras/ERK1/2 pathway

Exposure of rat cortical astrocytes to αβmethyleneATP results in features of reactive astrogliosis via activation of a novel P2Y receptor linked to cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) upregulation [Brambilla et al., J Neurochem 2002, 83:1285–1296]. Here, we have investigated the role of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK1/2) in αβmethyleneATP‐induced gliosis. Challenge of cultures with αβmethyleneATP resulted in early (5–10 min) and marked time‐dependent ERK1/2 activation. Pertussis toxin completely abolished this effect. ERK1/2 activation was also completely prevented by the selective ERK1/2 inhibitor PD 098059 and by the P2 antagonist pyridoxalphosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2′‐4′‐disulphonic acid. Because αβmethyleneATP induced no changes of intracellular calcium concentrations “Brambilla et al., 2002”, a role for phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase C was ruled out. Conversely, D609, an inhibitor of phosphatidylcholine‐PLC (PC‐PLC) and PLD, fully abolished both αβmethyleneATP‐induced ERK1/2 activation and the associated gliosis. The Ras inhibitor FTI‐277 could also partially abolish ERK1/2 activation. Exposure of cells to αβmethyleneATP resulted in a time‐dependent increase in the DNA binding activity of AP‐1 and NF‐κB, two transcription factors known to be phosphorylated by ERKs and involved in COX‐2 gene transcription. We conclude that stimulation of a gliotic P2Y receptor leads to ERK1/2 activation via multiple parallel signaling pathways involving Gi/o‐dependent and calcium‐independent stimulation of PC‐PLC and/or PLD, and consequent activation of the Ras/Raf systems. We are currently trying to clone this receptor from these cells. Its molecular identification may lead to the development of a new class of antineurodegenerative agents, which, by counteracting excessive gliosis and COX‐2 upregulation, may prove useful in neurological disorders characterized by astrogliosis and inflammation. Drug Dev. Res. 59:161–170, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ranging behaviour of a large freshwater invertebrate, the white‐clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes

SUMMARY 1. Radio-telemetry and mark-recapture methods were used to study the summer movements of adult and juvenile white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes from a wild population in a small braided stream, Dalton Beck, North Yorkshire, U.K. Radiotransmitters were attached to the chelae of 18 large (> 35 mm carapace length) crayfish and individuals were subsequently located to within 0.15 m. Additionally a total of 888 crayfish were marked with carapace brands, and 83 were recaptured. 2. Radio-tracked crayfish exhibited significantly greater local activity at dusk (21.00‐00.00) than at dawn (03.00‐06.00), or during morning (09.00‐12.00) and afternoon (15.00‐18.00) monitoring periods. 3. The greatest movements of radio-tracked crayfish occurred within 2 days of release. After this time, periods of residence were interspersed by movements to new locations, interpreted as establishment of ephemeral home areas. It is suggested that the initial large movements were the result of a ‘fright response‘ following capture. 4. Movements varied widely between individuals, some moving more than 300 m in 10 days, while others showed little movement over an equivalent time period. Mean (aSE) daily movements were 4.6 a 3.0 m for males and 1.5 a 1.0 m for females. Although crayfish often used specific home sites for in excess of 7 days, displaced animals did not return to home sites. 5. The total distances travelled and the mean distance travelled per day by individual radio-tagged crayfish did not differ significantly between upstream or downstream directions or between males and females. This was also the case for marked crayfish used in mark-recapture studies. 6. Positive correlations between distance moved per day and size (carapace length) were found for downstream movements by male and female crayfish, but not for upstream movements. 7. Some preliminary observations of the response of crayfish to flood events suggested that these could be catastrophic with two out of five tracked crayfish found dead after a high stream-discharge event.
Why Is the Mediterranean a Climate Change Hot Spot?

Higher precipitation is expected over most of the world’s continents under climate change, except for a few specific regions where models project robust declines. Among these, the Mediterranean stands out as a result of the magnitude and significance of its winter precipitation decline. Locally, up to 40% of winter precipitation could be lost, setting strong limits on water resources that will constrain the ability of the region to develop and grow food, affecting millions of already water-stressed people and threatening the stability of this tense and complex area. To this day, however, a theory explaining the special nature of this region as a climate change hot spot is still lacking. Regional circulation changes, dominated by the development of a strong anomalous ridge, are thought to drive the winter precipitation decline, but their origins and potential contributions to regional hydroclimate change remain elusive. Here, we show how wintertime Mediterranean circulation trends can be seen as the combined response to two independent forcings: robust changes in large-scale, upper-tropospheric flow and the reduction in the regional land–sea temperature gradient that is characteristic of this region. In addition, we discuss how the circulation change can account for the magnitude and spatial structure of the drying. Our findings pave the way for better understanding and improved modeling of the future Mediterranean hydroclimate.
Epibiota on vertical and on horizontal surfaces on natural reefs and on artificial structures

Subtidal assemblages of epibiota on vertical and on horizontal surfaces of two natural reefs and two concrete breakwalls were sampled photographically during autumn and winter of 1998. Differences in the assemblages on the two types of substrata (natural reefs and concrete breakwalls) were detected between assemblages on horizontal surfaces, but not on vertical surfaces. The covers of several individual taxa (e.g. Herdmania momus, serpulid polychaetes, coralline encrusting algae) and number of sponge taxa showed clear differences between the two types of substrata. There were great differences between the assemblages on vertical and horizontal surfaces on each natural reef and artificial structure. Invertebrates consistently covered a larger area on vertical than on horizontal surfaces with sponges (as a group) and the ascidian Herdmania momus, the dominant invertebrates on these reefs, clearly showing this pattern. Nevertheless, this pattern was complex for sponges because several species covered a larger area on horizontal than on vertical surfaces and there was no difference in the number of taxa of sponges between the two orientations on natural reefs. Algae, contrary to the results of previous studies, did not show any consistent differences in their covers on vertical or on horizontal surfaces. The results of this study indicated that orientation may be of greater influence on the biological diversity of epibiota on subtidal reefs than whether reefs are natural or artificial.
Prevention of Terrorism–An Assessment of Prior POM Work and Future Potentials

In this paper, we review POM-based research related to prevention of terrorism. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) terrorist attacks have the potential to be prevented. Consequently, the focus of this paper is on security enhancement and improving the resiliency of a nation to prevent terrorist attacks. Accordingly, we review articles from the 25 top journals, [following procedures developed by Gupta et al. (2016)], in the fields of Production and Operations Management, Operations Research, Management Science and Supply Chain Management. In addition, we searched some selected journals in the fields of Information Sciences, Political Science and Economics. This literature is organized and reviewed under the following seven core capabilities defined by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS): (1) Intelligence and Information Sharing, (2) Planning, (3) Interdiction and Disruption, (4) Screening, Search, and Detection, (5) Forensics and Attribution, (6) Public Information and Warning, and (7) Operational Coordination. We found that POM research on terrorism is primarily driven by the type of information that a defending country and a terrorist have about each other. Game theory is the main technique that is used in most research
Exploration of GRA based multiobjective optimization of magnetic abrasive finishing process using simulated annealing

Magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process is an advanced super-finishing process that is capable of achieving surface-finish in micro to nano range. In this study a hybrid module, Taguchi based grey relational analysis (GRA) coupled with simulated annealing (SA) approach is developed for multiobjective optimization of micro-finished aluminium 6060 via MAF process. The performance responses ‘change in roughness’, ‘raise in temperature’ and ‘change in hardness’ are considered to minimize their impact on micro-finished aluminium 6060. These responses are used to calculate the grey relational coefficient for individual response and are then converted into a single response variable i.e. grey relational grade (GRG) value. The meta-heuristic based simulated annealing algorithm is used to predict the most desired process parameter setting i.e. working gap (2 mm), abrasive weight (15 g), voltage (6 V) and rotational speed (50 rpm). This setting has been selected based on the highest GRG value predicted by hybrid Taguchi based SA-GRA approach.
The Number of Estimates in Footnotes and Accruals

This study quantifies the number of estimates involved in firms’ accruals and examines whether it is informative about the relation between accruals and future earnings. We measure the number of estimates using the frequency of the use of the word estimate in the qualitative portions of a firm’s Notes to the Financial Statements (footnotes). Motivated by arguments regarding the impact of estimation errors in accruals, we hypothesize and find that the accruals of firms that have more estimates have a lower relation with future earnings (i.e., lower persistence) and a lower association with their past, current, and future cash flows. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by Zijiang Endowment. H. Chen acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72150710550, 71790591, and 72121002]. J. V. Chen acknowledges the financial support from the University of Michigan, University of Illinois at Chicago, Paton Accounting Fellowship, and Harry Jones Endowment. F. Li acknowledges the financial support from SJTU SAIF Zijiang Discipline Development Fund, sponsored by the Zijiang Foundation. Supplemental Material: The internet appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022. 4659 .
Phylogeography of the Barred Owl (Strix varia): Species Limits, Multiple Refugia, and Range Expansion

ABSTRACT. The Barred Owl (Strix varia) is a common nonmigratory owl distributed across southern Canada, south to California in the west, and to Texas and Florida in the east, with isolated populations in central Mexico. We examined the genetic structure of Barred Owl populations throughout their range using 500–600 base pairs each of one nuclear and three mitochondrial genes. In 75% of the shortest trees and 64% of the bootstrapped trees, Barred Owls were not monophyletic; rather, S. v. sartorii of Mexico was separated from the remaining taxa of S. varia by S. fulvescens of Central America. Consequently, the Barred Owls of Mexico are a species-level taxon. There was a large component (32%) of genetic variance distributed among population samples from the United States and Canada because of the occurrence of two clades of haplotypes (4.8% sequence divergence) with differing geographic distributions. One clade was predominant along the Atlantic Coast and the second in the south-central United States. The two clades co-occurred from the central Gulf Coast to the Upper Midwest, and across Canada to the Pacific. Nucleotide diversity was greatest where the clades overlapped in occurrence; mismatch distributions possessed the signatures of population expansion from the southern and eastern states to northern and western locations. These results suggest two Pleistocene refugia for northern populations of Barred Owls. Diversity within populations and divergence between haplotype clades varied by an order of magnitude among the three mitochondrial genes, but each recovered the overall phylogeographic pattern. The nuclear sequences showed much less variation and differentiation.
Helichrysum unicapitatum (Asteraceae), a New Species from Turkey

Helichrysum unicapitatum S.G. Şenol, Ö. Seçmen & B. Öztürk (Asteraceae) is described and illustrated from the SW province of Anatolia, Turkey. It grows on crystalline calcareous rocks between Evran Tepe and Karababa Tepe (1800–2300 m), situated within the Denizli Babadağ (Cadmus) Mountain Range. Helichrysum compactum seems to be its closest relative and their affinities are discussed based on morphological data and DNA sequences (nrDNA ITS and ETS).
A review on deep molluscan phylogeny: old markers, integrative approaches, persistent problems

Molluscs are diverse and important enough to receive considerable scientific attention. We herein question recent opinions that the molluscan origin, deep inner relationships, and early evolution have been largely resolved. The traditional Testaria concept implied progressive evolution from worm-like aplacophoran to polyplacophoran and then conchiferan body plans; sole evidence for this came from morphocladistic analyses, which we conclude were confounded by homoplasy. The recently preferred Aculifera-Conchifera concept is supported by some but not all analyses using massive sequence data on rather small and uneven taxon sets. Recent results from mitogenomics indicate that gene-rearrangement events could cause sequence biases overriding potential phylogenetic signal. We discuss recent progress regarding multilocus marker analyses, particularly refining the neglected Serialia hypothesis with Monoplacophora sister to Polyplacophora. This third hypothesis for molluscan relationships is supported by an integrative interpretation and is roughly compatible with available fossil evidence if the first molluscs were small and had a true shell rather than a chiton-like body organization. Despite some claims of consensus, there are substantial discrepancies among recent molecular studies regarding class-level topologies. These may be symptomatic of a plethora of factors and evolutionary processes – obvious or more hypothetical – that might hinder successful reconstruction of early molluscan diversification.