Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative comparison of double-stator and traditional permanent magnet brushless machines

In this paper, both the steady-state and dynamic performances of the double-stator permanent magnet brushless (DS-PMB) machines, including the surface-mounted topology (DS-SPMB) and the interior topology (DS-IPMB), are quantitatively compared with that of the traditional single-stator SPMB (SS-SPMB) machine. Based on the same electric loading and magnetic loading, the DS-SPMB and DS-IPMB machines are designed to have the same output power, while the DS-SPMB and SS-SPMB machines are of the same peripheral dimensions. The steady-state and transient characteristics of these machines are simulated by using the circuit-field-torque time-stepping finite element method. Finally, the preferred machine, namely, the DS-SPMB one, is prototyped and tested for experimental verification.
On the Statistical Foundations of Irreversible Thermodynamics

We briefly, and partially, consider aspects of the present status of phenomenological irreversible thermodynamics and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. After short comments on Classical Irreversible Thermodynamics, its conceptual and practical shortcomings are pointed out, as well as the efforts undertaken to go beyond its limits, consisting of particular approaches to a more general theory of Irreversible Thermodynamics. In particular, a search for statistical-mechanical foundations of Irreversible Thermodynamics, namely, the construction of a statistical thermodynamics, are based on the Non-equilibrium Statistical Operator Method. This important theory for the treatment of phenomena at the macroscopic level, is based on a microscopic molecular description in the context of a nonequilibrium ensemble formalism. We draw attention to the fact that this method may be considered to be emcompassed within Jaynes' Predictive Statistical Mechanics and based on the principle of maximization of informational entropy. Finally, we describe how, in fact, the statistical method provides foundations to phenomenological irreversible thermodynamics, thus giving rise to what can be referred to as Informational Statistical Thermodynamics.
On the Initial‐boundary‐value Problem for the Extensible Beam with Attached Load

When one end of an extensible beam whose ends are a fixed distance apart, is hinged while to other end a load is attached, the mathematical model describing the vibrations of the beam contains a non-linearity both in the partial differential equation as well as in the dynamical boundary condition. We introduce weak damping and consider the resulting boundary-value problem within the framework of the theories of B-evolutions and fractional powers of a closed pair of operators. This approach enables us to construct a unique weak solution which exhibits exponential decay by employing Faedo-Galerkin approximations.
The Dependence of Ephemeral Region Emergence on Local Flux Imbalance

We investigate the distribution and evolution of existing and emerging magnetic network elements in the quiet-Sun photosphere. The ephemeral region emergence rate is found to depend primarily on the imbalance of magnetic flux in the area surrounding its emergence location, such that the rate of flux emergence is lower within strongly unipolar regions by at least a factor of 3 relative to flux-balanced quiet Sun. As coronal holes occur over unipolar regions, this also means that ephemeral regions occur less frequently there, but we show that this is an indirect effect—independent of whether the region is located within an open-field coronal hole or a closed-field quiet region. We discuss the implications of this finding for near-photospheric dynamo action and for the coupling between closed coronal and open heliospheric fields.
Semi-detached double-lined eclipsing binaries with Gaia DR3 data

Semi-detached double-lined eclipsing binaries (SD DLEB) play an important role in our understanding of basic properties of interacting binaries. We have collected data on semi-detached systems with available light and radial velocity curve solutions, and have compiled the most comprehensive list of SD DLEB, containing astrophysical and orbital parameters. The goal of this work was to make a cross-identification of the catalogued objects with Gaia DR3 archive. We have supplied our catalogue with data from Gaia DR3 as well as multicolor photometry from SIMBAD, and make a preliminary analysis of the results.
The effects of language learning and math mindsets on academic success in an engineering program

Mindsets are based on two basic assumptions: some people think that their intellectual abilities can be developed through hard work and instruction (i.e., a growth mindset), whereas others believe that nothing can change their level of intellectual ability (i.e., a fixed mindset). The association between mindsets and academic achievement has been examined in different academic subjects, such as biology and math. However, no previous study has examined the effects of language learning mindsets (LLMs) and math mindsets (MMs) on academic success in an English medium instruction (EMI) setting in which English, rather than the first language of the students, is used for teaching content (e.g., mechatronics engineering).
“If It's not on Strava it Didn’t Happen”: Perceived Psychosocial Implications of Strava use in Collegiate Club Runners

The fitness app Strava incorporates the utility of a fitness tracker with the connection of social media. Since 2009, Strava has attracted over 100 million users, yet little research has assessed the implications of its use. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceived psychosocial implications of Strava use among collegiate club runners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 runners from collegiate running clubs across the United States who were Strava users. Results indicated that runners perceived the psychosocial implications of Strava use to fall into three main themes: 1) self-presentation, 2) social pressure, and 3) motivation. The findings of this study support the utility of Strava to connect collegiate club runners and support their motivation to run while also suggesting some potential concerns related to social pressure and self-presentation that could influence mental or physical health.
Radio flares from AE Aquarii - A low-power analog to Cygnus X-37

The magnetic cataclysmic variable AE Aquarii has been observed at 1.5, 4.9, 15, and 22.5 GHz. The source shows temporal variations in the flux density, often with a flarelike morphology. The flux variations are at times extreme, with values ranging from 1-12 mJy at 15 GHz; the degree of variability increases with frequency. The spectrum shows a variety of short-term behavior, at times increasing as nu, at other times decreasing with nu, and at still others flat. The long-term average of the spectrum increases as nu exp 0.3-0.4. No significant degree of circular polarization was observed. The source properties can be explained as a superposition of flare events in which electrons are accelerated to relativistic energies which then emit synchrotron radiation in discrete, expanding sources. The origin of the flare events may be connected to the disruption of the accretion disk some ditance from the white dwarf primary. The radio emission of AE Aqr shows similarities to the low-level flares from Cygnus X-3.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AMONG LOCAL QUAILS

This research was carried out to compare the productivity performance of three lines of local quail. The results showed a significant superiority in the daily gain weight (3.76 g/day/quail) and marketing weight (167.2 g/quail) for brown quail over other colors. Also, significant differences were found in the dressing ratio between males (67.8%) and females (65.76%). As for the egg production of quail, it was found a significant superiority of the desert quail over the other colors in the number of eggs produced, the average egg weight (9.73 g/ egg) and the HDEP (78.6 %) with the best feed conversation (2.15 g / g of egg). The results also show that the white-colored quail was average between the other two colors for the characteristics of the productive performance of body weight and egg production. It could be concluding from these results the possibility of directing the different colors of a particular trait and developing it into specialized lines for the production of eggs or meat through the selection process.
Weak Convergence of the Sequential Empirical Processes of Residuals in Nonstationary Autoregressive Models

This paper establishes the weak convergence of the sequential empirical process ? n of the estimated residuals in nonstationary autoregressive models. Under some regular conditions, it is shown that ? n converges weakly to a Kiefer process when the characteristic polynomial does not include the unit root 1; otherwise ? n converges weakly to a Kiefer process plus a functional of stochastic integrals in terms of the standard Brownian motion. The latter differs not only from that given by Koul and Levental for an explosive AR(1) model but also from that given by Bai for a stationary ARMA model.
Changing roles of CD3+CD8low T cells in combating HIV-1 infection

Abstract Background: Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8 T) cells play critical roles in eradicating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection, but little is known about the effects of T cells expressing CD8 at low levels (CD8low) or high levels (CD8high) on HIV-1 replication inhibition after HIV-1 invasion into individual. Methods: Nineteen patients who had been acutely infected with HIV-1 (AHI) and 20 patients with chronic infection (CHI) for ≥2 years were enrolled in this study to investigate the dynamics of the quantity, activation, and immune responses of CD3+CD8low T cells and their counterpart CD3+CD8high T cells at different stages of HIV-1 infection. Results: Compared with healthy donors, CD3+CD8low T cells expanded in HIV-1-infected individuals at different stages of infection. As HIV-1 infection progressed, CD3+CD8low T cells gradually decreased. Simultaneously, CD3+CD8high T cells was significantly reduced in the first month of AHI and then increased gradually as HIV-1 infection progressed. The classical activation of CD3+CD8low T cells was highest in the first month of AHI and then reduced as HIV-1 infection progressed and entered the chronic stage. Meanwhile, activated CD38−HLA-DR+CD8low T cells did not increase in the first month of AHI, and the number of these cells was inversely associated with viral load (r = −0.664, P = 0.004) but positively associated with the CD4 T-cell count (r = 0.586, P = 0.014). Increased programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) abundance on CD3+CD8low T cells was observed from the 1st month of AHI but did not continue to be enhanced, while a significant T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) abundance increase was observed in the 12th month of infection. Furthermore, increased PD-1 and TIGIT abundance on CD3+CD8low T cells was associated with a low CD4 T-cell count (PD-1: r = −0.456, P = 0.043; TIGIT: r = −0.488, P = 0.029) in CHI. Nonetheless, the nonincrease in PD-1 expression on classically activated CD3+CD8low T cells was inversely associated with HIV-1 viremia in the first month of AHI (r = −0.578, P = 0.015). Notably, in the first month of AHI, few CD3+CD8low T cells, but comparable amounts of CD3+CD8high T cells, responded to Gag peptides. Then, weaker HIV-1-specific T-cell responses were induced in CD3+CD8low T cells than CD3+CD8high T cells at the 3rd and 12th months of AHI and in CHI. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CD3+CD8low T cells play an anti-HIV role in the first month of infection due to their abundance but induce a weak HIV-1-specific immune response. Subsequently, CD3+CD8low T-cell number decreased gradually as infection persisted, and their anti-HIV functions were inferior to those of CD3+CD8high T cells.
Association of low cadmium and mercury exposure with chronic kidney disease among Chinese adults aged ≥80 years: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: The heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) are known to be widespread environmental contaminants and high occupational exposure adversely affects the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, evidence from epidemiological studies linking low Cd and Hg exposure (or non-industrial) to the risk of progression to CKD are conflicting. This study aimed to explore the association of low Cd and Hg exposure with the risk of CKD in Chinese adults aged ≥80 years. Methods: The participants were recruited for the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study in 2017, an ongoing perspective survey conducted in longevity areas in China initially involving 3016 older adults. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals of CKD setting Cd and Hg as categorical variables. Logistic regression with restricted cubic spline was used to characterize a dose-response relationships between Cd or Hg concentrations and the risk of CKD in the study population. Results: The ORs for the risk of CKD comparing the fourth to the first quartile of blood Cd, blood Hg, urine Cd, and urine Hg were 1.77, 1.57, 2.03, and 1.50, respectively. Restricted cubic spline models showed that blood Cd and urine Hg were significantly linearly correlated with the risk of CKD, while blood Hg and urine Cd were non-linearly correlated with the risk of CKD with a steeper slope at concentrations <2.30 μg/L and 3.30 μg/g creatinine. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that even low Cd and Hg exposure (or non-industrial) were associated with increased risk of CKD in Chinese oldest old, although we did not find a significant multiplicative and additive interaction between Cd and Hg levels in relation to the risk of CKD.
Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection Stimulates Syk-Dependent Responses and Innate Cytosolic Defenses in Macrophages

Orientia tsutsugamushi is an obligately intracellular bacterium and an etiological agent of scrub typhus. Human studies and animal models of scrub typhus have shown robust type 1-skewed proinflammatory responses during severe infection. Macrophages (MΦ) play a critical role in initiating such responses, yet mechanisms of innate recognition for O. tsutsugamushi remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether Syk-dependent C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) contribute to innate immune recognition and the generation of proinflammatory responses. To validate the role of CLRs in scrub typhus, we infected murine bone marrow-derived MΦ with O. tsutsugamushi in the presence of selective Syk inhibitors and analyzed a panel of CLRs and proinflammatory markers via qRT-PCR. We found that Mincle/Clec4a and Clec5a transcription was significantly abrogated upon Syk inhibition at 6 h of infection. The effect of Syk inhibition on Mincle protein expression was validated via Western blot. Syk-inhibited MΦ had diminished expression of type 1 cytokines/chemokines (Il12p40, Tnf, Il27p28, Cxcl1) during infection. Additionally, expression of innate immune cytosolic sensors (Mx1 and Oas1-3) was highly induced in the brain of lethally infected mice. We established that Mx1 and Oas1 expression was reduced in Syk-inhibited MΦ, while Oas2, Oas3, and MerTK were not sensitive to Syk inhibition. This study reveals that Syk-dependent CLRs contribute to inflammatory responses against O. tsutsugamushi. It also provides the first evidence for Syk-dependent activation of intracellular defenses during infection, suggesting a role of pattern recognition receptor crosstalk in orchestrating macrophage-mediated responses to this poorly studied bacterium.
Phenotyping and Genotyping of Salmonella enterica as Biofilm Producer Isolated from Diarrheal Animal and Human

This study aimed to find out how different stress conditions (like temperature and pH) affect Salmonella enterica biofilm formation. This was done by looking at the phenotypic and genotypic features of isolates. 12 Salmonella enterica Isolate from animals, and 13 Salmonella enterica Isolate from people were used. S. enterica isolates were grown in tryptic soy broth (TSB) at (37°C, 25°C, and 42°C), and at pH levels (7, 5, and 9). T he results revealed that the percentage was 52% in the standard conditions (temperature 37ºC and pH 7) while, in another condition, observed in the same temperature (37 °C) but with pH differences (pH 5, pH 9). S. enterica , did not produce biofilm. As for the stability pH in the, pH 7 with a change in, the temperature at 25°C percentage, biofilm produce (44%) while in 42 °C (64%). The detection rates of genes, biofilm-related PCR was used to find BapA and CsgD, were 100%. Although the biofilm formation of the phenotype did not give 100% results, the genotype gave 100%, which indicates that the gene is present but not expressed. Based on the findings in this study provided valuable information on the biofilm formation of Salmonella isolated from animals and humans.
Valuation of intangible assets via application of the WARA approach in the agricultural sector

The aim is to apply the principles of valuation of intangible assets - goodwill using the Weighted Average Return on Asset (WARA) method to enterprises in the agricultural sector in the Czech Republic in 2016-2020 agricultural sector and what is the value of goodwill of the average enterprise in the agricultural sector in the Czech Republic in the years 2016 - 2020 determined by the WARA method. The calculation is performed from data from the CRIBIS database of the company Crif - Czech Credit Bureau, s.r
Application of braiding sequences III: Concordance of positive knots

Applying the concept of braiding sequences and the inequality between the signature and number of roots of the Alexander polynomial on the unit circle, we prove that only finitely many special alternating knots are (even algebraically) concordant, in that their concordance class determines their Alexander polynomial. We discuss some extensions of this result to positive and almost positive knots, and links.
Intersections of minimal submanifolds in manifolds of partially positive curvature

In 1961, T. Frankel [3] showed that two compact totally geodesic submanifolds P and Q in a Riemannian manifold N of positive sectional curvature must necessarily intersect if their dimension sum is at least that of N. If N is also a Kaehler manifold, he proved a more satisfactory result: There, instead of requiring P and Q to be totally geodesic, under the assumption that they are analytic submanifolds, he obtained the same conclusions under the assumptions. The proof was done by a nice application of the formula for the second variation of arc-length of a geodesic derived by Synge in [11]. Synge once used the second variational formula to prove that an even dimensional orientable compact manifold with positive sectional curvature is simply connected. It turns out that the Synge's method for the second variation of arc-length of a geodesic works as a powerful tool in differential geometry. In the present paper, we shall study the intersections of minimal submanifolds in a Riemannian manifold with partially positive curvature and analytic submanifolds in a Kaehler manifold with partially positive holomorphic bisectional curvature by using this method. We remark that Galloway and Rodriguez [7] studied the same problems for minimal submanifolds in a manifold with non-negative sectional curvature by a different approach but our results have few relations with theirs. Before stating our theorems, we recall some concepts of partially positive curvature (cf. [12]). Let N be an rc-dimensional Riemannian manifold and p^N be a point of N. If, for any (& + 1) mutually orthogonal unit tangent vectors e, eu ••• , ek<=TpN , we have Jfi=ιK(eΛet)>0 (resp. ^0), we say N n
Goodness-of-Fit to the Exponential Distribution, Focused on Weibull Alternatives

ABSTRACT The goodness-of-fit technique based on the use of transformed empirical processes (TEPs) is applied to the construction of a test of exponentiality, focused on Weibull alternatives. The resulting procedure shares some desirable properties with other existing applications of the same technique: (a) the tests are consistent against fixed alternatives, (b) local alternatives belonging to the Weibull family are detected with an asymptotic power that does not differ significantly from the power of a two-sided (non consistent) likely ratio test (LRT), and (c) this asymptotic power is the same already encountered when a quadratic Cramer–von Mises–Watson type test statistic is used to test the fit to a single probability distribution, or to a parametric model with estimation of parameters–-In that sense, it is distribution free. In addition, an empirical power study shows that our test has the same level of performance than the best tests in the statistical literature.
A concentration-compactness lemma with applications to singular eigenvalue problems

Let Omega subset of or equal to R-N be any open set. We study the nonlinear eigenvalue problem - Delta(p)u = lambda V(x) u(p-2) u, u epsilon D-0(1,p)(Omega) where 1 < p < N and V is an element of L-loc(1)(Omega) may have strong singularities and an indefinite sign. The key ingredient is a precised concentration-compactness lemma related to V-dependent limiting problems. This work follows, extends, and simplifies that of A. Tertikas (1998, J. Funct. Anal. 154, 42-66) dealing with the positive linear case for Omega = R-N. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
Uniform stabilization of the wave equation by nonlinear boundary feedback

The question of uniformly stabilizing the solution of the wave equation $y'' - \Delta y = 0$ in $\Omega \times (0,\infty )$ ($\Omega $ is a bounded domain of ${\bf R}^n $) by means of a nonlinear feedback law of the following form is studied: ${{\partial y} / {\partial v = - k(x)g(y')}}$ on $\Gamma _0 \times (0,\infty )$, $y = 0$ on $\Gamma _1 \times (0,\infty )$, $(\Gamma _0 ,\Gamma _1 )$ being a suitable partition of the boundary of $\Omega $ and g a continuous nondecreasing function such that $g(0) = 0$. We choose $k(x) \in L^\infty $, $k(x) \geqq 0$ such that $k(x)$ vanishes linearly at the interface points $x \in \bar \Gamma _0 \cap \bar \Gamma _1 $. Then, if $g(s)$ behaves like $| s |^{p - 1} s$ as $| s | \to 0$ with $p > 1$ and linearly as $| s | \to \infty $, it is proved that the energy of every solution decays like $t^{ - {2 / {(p - 1)}}} $ as $t \to \infty $. In the case where $p = 1$ the exponential decay rate is proved.
Fearless in Physical Activity: The Implications of Community-Based Physical Activity Interventions on Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

People living with CHD do less moderate-to-vigorous activity than their peers. This study sought to examine the impact of a community-based physical activity intervention for individuals with CHD. Individuals with CHD and family members participated in a 3 h, one-day Fearless event consisting of a variety of physical activity and education sessions. Consenting participants completed self-administered questionnaires pre-/post-event and completed a post-event feedback form. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were calculated across subgroups for each outcome/questionnaire. Written feedback was analyzed using a six-phase framework of reflexive thematic analysis. A total of 32 participants (six children, six adolescents, five youth, five all ages, and ten adults) with CHD completed this study. Following Fearless, youth with CHD reported spending less time being ‘inactive’ and more time being ‘somewhat active’. Adults with CHD reported spending more time walking and partaking in moderate activity and less time partaking in vigorous activity. Fearless successfully engaged individuals with CHD who were more sedentary, less active, and older. Fearless is a fun, family-friendly, physical activity intervention for individuals with CHD. Attending a Fearless event helped children, adolescents, and adults with CHD make incremental improvements to their physical activity levels and provided a framework for sport and recreation leaders who aim to promote physical activity amongst individuals with CHD.