Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ACIDOPHILIC EXTRACELLULAR α-AMYLASE FROM BACILLUS

In the present investigations, a thermostable amylase producing Bacillus licheniformis JAR-26 was isolated from spoiled tomato and its enzyme productivity and activity evaluated. The enzyme synthesis was optimum at 45 C when initial pH of fermentation medium was 5.5. The enzyme remained stable in a range of temperature and pH between 30 C-85 C and 3.5-8.5 pH, respectively. The optimum enzyme activity was displayed at 85 C and pH 5.5. The enzyme was concentrated by isopropanol precipitation and further purified by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose DE-52 and gel chromatography on Sephadex G-100, respectively. The elution profile showed two peaks on DEAE cellulose DE-52 which was resolved into single peak when passed through Sephadex G-100. The purified amylase migrated on SDS-PAGE as a single band corresponding to molecular mass of 38 KDa. The thermostability of the enzyme was also studied and it was found that the amylase was thermostable with 55% activity retained at 100 C and 48 % at 104 C (30 min). The purified amylase shows interesting properties useful for industrial applications.
A study on customer satisfaction on food delivery mechanism of universal PDS in Tamil Nadu (India)

Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) in India was launched in the year 1997, with the goal of transparent and accountable distribution of food to the poor. It is based on below poverty line and above poverty line families. But India is facing a lot of problems with poverty and hunger in all states. Children are the future pillars of the nation. But they are the vulnerable population and they are prone to develop a lot of health problems due to poverty. According to NSSO, the TPDS is not reachable to poor people due to administrative weakness. But the Government of Tamil Nadu state introduced a strong administration on quality products distribution with affordable prices in fair price shops. It is based on the policy of ‘food for all and poor friendly’ and their concentration on health sectors, to eradicate malnutrition, anaemia and the problems of pregnant women, low income and food insufficiency. The present study finds Universal PDS reaching the poor and beneficial to all families. In this study multi-stage random sampling was used to select different districts. The results showed that more than 60 percent of poor families in India are satisfied and effective delivery mechanism of universal PDS was followed in all the states.
The Effect of a Six-Month Physical Activity and Nutrition Education Program on Biochemical Health Parameters, Physical Activity and Body Composition in Healthy Young Women

It was designed an educational intervention program on nutrition and physical activity (six months) in order to observe its effect on general and specific biochemical parameters, anthropometric parameters, body composition, physical condition (VO2max) and level of physical activity in college women. 28 healthy women were included, aged between 18 28. We have measured, the serum glucose, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, prealbumin, albumin, leptin and production of malondialdehyde. Before and after the intervention program we have also valuated, body mass index, body composition, VO2max and exercise performance (hours/week). After the intervention program, the albumin concentration increased (p < 0.05) and in 25 participants (89.3%) leptin also increased (p < 0.001). Both, time spent walking and time spent doing vigorous physical activity decreased (p < 0.05), conversely time spent doing moderate intensity activity increased (p < 0.001). Before the intervention, a negative correlation of leptin with the % water (r = -0.664; p < 0.001) and positive correlations of leptin with body mass index (r = 0.582; p < 0.01) and % fat mass (r = 0.659; p < 0.001) have been observed. These correlations remained after the intervention. A negative correlations of albumin with triglycerides (r = -0,404; p < 0,05) and malondialdehyde (r = -0.419; p < 0.05) or leptin with VO2max (r = 0.498; p < 0.05) have also been observed. With this intervention program, we have managed to slightly modify the physical activity habits in adult healthy women and have also seen an increase in albumin levels and leptin without modification in body composition.
Comparison of the Polyethylene and SBS Polymer Modified Bitumen’s Effect – A Case Study

The ever increasing road traffic coupled with inadequate degree of maintenance has led to a continuous and accelerated deterioration of road network in various countries across the globe. This amass waste development itself prompted the researchers to go for the modification of the conventional bitumen by mixing it with recycled waste plastic materials like Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene, and Polyvinyl Chloride etc. The bitumen mixed with any of the above recycled polymers is often referred to as polymer modified bitumen. In this study two polymers namely Polyethylene and StyreneButadiene-Styrene are taken and their effect is studied vis-a-vis against the conventional bitumen with regard to their index and engineering properties by partial replacement of conventional bitumen with the above mentioned polymer modifiers. Findings from this study reveals that the polymer modified bitumen’s offer better engineering properties there by increasing the durability of the road to a certain extent and their usage will also serve as a means of managing the waste menace properly. KeywordsPolymer, Recycled waste, Asphalt Mix, Penetration, Softening point, Ductility, Stability, Flow, Unit weight.
DE1_OA_Aslam edit

Background : The maxillary canines are of great importance both aesthetically and functionally. Ectopic eruption of maxillary canines cause various complications among which root resorption of adjacent incisors is most common. Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence, extent of resorption, and predisposing risk factors for incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines. Methods : Unilaterally and bilaterally impacted canines (n=53) from 42 patients (27 female, 15 male) who visited Department of Orthodontics for treatment were evaluated. CBCT scans were taken with NewTom GiANO NNT Scanner keeping in mind the risks associated with ectopic eruption of maxillary canines and were analyzed with 3D visualization software. Results : Among the studied impactions, 79.2% were impacted palatally and 11.3% buccally. The lateral incisors were the teeth most affected by resorption. 18 incisors were resorbed, which included 16 lateral incisors (30.2 per cent) and 2 central incisors (3.8 per cent). Among lateral incisors, the resorption was slight in 11 cases (20.8 per cent), moderate in 3 cases (5.6 per cent), and severe in 2 cases (3.8 per cent) while among central incisors, the resorption was only slight in 2 cases (3.8 per cent). A correlation was found between the proximity/contact of the impacted canine to the incisors and their resorption. Follicle size did not play a major role in incisor resorption. Conclusion : Canine impaction poses a higher risk for root resorption of adjacent incisors. Physical proximity (<0.5 mm) between impacted canine and adjacent roots of incisors is the most important predictor for root resorption. The width and the shape of the dental follicle of the impacted canines do not correlate with root resorption of maxillary incisors.
Awareness of Forensic Odontology among General Dental Practitioners in Pune - A Cross-sectional Study

Aim and Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the knowledge, attitude and approach of forensic odontology among dental practitioners in P une. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 dental pract itioners in Pune and data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 1 3 relevant questions with demographic and clinical data was recorded. Results: Thirty % of the dental practitioners did not maint ain dental records in their clinic/workplace and out of the70 % that maintained records, Fifty seven %of dental practitioners were maintaining dental records for less than equal to t wo years and twenty four percent maintaining dental records for about three to six years. Nineteen % of dental practitioners were maintaining dental recor ds for more than six years. Fifty seven % of dental pr actitioners used hand written records and twenty fo ur percent keep their records in computer whereas nine teen % maintain them in both formats. Sixty one % of the dental practitioners were not aware of child abuse and the actions to be taken. Dental age and gender estimation was not known to 72% of the dental practitioners. Accuracy and sensitivity in identifying an individual by DNA was know to 65%, whereas 5 % of dental practitioners were in favor of visual examination. About 72% of the dental prac titioners did not know the significance of bite mar k patterns of the teeth. 65 % of the practitioners do n’t know that they can testify as an expert witness in court of law while 83 % of the practitioners lacked formal training in collecting, evaluating and presenting dental evidence. Conclusion: Our study revealed inadequate knowledge, poor atti tude and lack of practice pertaining to record keeping or cl inical knowledge of forensic odontology prevailing
Application of anaerobic digestion of municipal solid food wastes in treating wastewaters

57 ABSTRACT: Anaerobic digestion is the breakdown of biodegradable organic material by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen or in an oxygen-starved environment. This technology is superior to the landfilling and also the aerobic composting. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the effluent Volatile Fatty Acids from the anaerobic acidogenesis of the urban food waste can be used, due to its high value in organic elements, as an external carbon source for the denitrificationin waste water treatment plants. The results showed that Volatile Fatty Acids concentration in mgCOD/L in the fermentation was in the range between 3,300 mg COD/L and 6,560 mg COD/L. The n-butiric acids had the highest concentration in mg COD/L followed by the propionic and acetic acid, while the valeric acid had the lowest concentration,also the concentration of the acetic and valeric acid were stable over the time. Opposite to these, the propionic and n-butyric acid showed high variability in the concentration, especially the nbutyric acid. The specific denitrification rate tests showed that the ethanol cultivated biomass was more successful in using the effluent of the urban food waste digestion as carbon source than methanol cultivated biomass. The specific denitrification rate tests results of the experiment showed that the average of 0.15 an 0.51 mg N/mg for methanol and ethanol cultivated biomass respectively.
Int. J. Biosci

Fruit juices are considered as the most consumed non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world to all age groups. In general, microbial growth in fruit juices is prohibited by using preservatives and also through other environmental factors during production. Still, there are several reports of illnesses due to the food borne diseases associated with the consumption of fruit juices at several places around the globe. So, from the point of view of public health, it is quite important to assess the microbiological quality of both fresh and commercially packed fruit juices available for the consumers. Present investigation attempted to resolve the microbiological attributes of the fruit juices collected from different areas around Jessore city. Ten fresh fruit juices and ten commercially packed fruit juices were collected. Standard plate count techniques were followed to assess total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC) and total staphylococcal count (TSC) on different culture media. Samples were found to harbor viable bacteria within the range between 103-108 cfu/ml. 19 samples exhibited the presence of staphylococcai. Total coliforms were detected in 17 samples within the range of 103-106 cfu/ml which were further detected as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. From all the assessment, the study demonstrates that the quality of both packed and fresh juices was unsatisfactory and hence the products need to be microbiologically controlled in order to ensure the overall health safety. * Corresponding Author: Md. Tanvir Islam  mt.islam@just.edu. bd International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 415-420, 2014
Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Maize As Affected by Organic Amendment of River Sand with Cow Dung and Poultry Dropping

-The study comprised the incorporation of poultry dropping (PD) and cow dung (CD) as means of amending river sand, and the subsequent use of the amended soil to grow hybrid maize in pots in Kaduna, Nigeria. The values of residual soil chemicals after harvest showed that the poultry dropping produced higher soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen and available phosphorus (AP), with values of 7.4 -7.6, 0.06 – 0.066 dS/m, 0.0042 – 0.0075 and 2.39 – 5.15 mg/Kg, respectively, at the application rates of 500 g to 1,500 g per pot. The difference in the values is, however, not significant between PD and CD. Cow dung gave higher values in the % organic matter (O.M.) (0.21 – 0.46 %) and potassium (K) (44 – 49 mg/Kg). Generally there was significant difference in the residual chemical properties due to levels of application. The yield of maize due to the un-amended sand was zero, while the sand amended with cow dung produced higher mean yield (2.06 t/ha) than poultry dropping (1.87 t/ha). It was recommended that the amendment application rate be increased for more bioavailable nutrients to improve yield, and that the soil be texturally modified through addition of clay portions to create the optimum texture (sandy loam) for best management practice of maize.
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ENTEROCOCCUS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES IN SOUTH INDIA

Enterococci are common cause of hospital acquired infection and have become progressively more resistant to antibiotic. Among the 13 Enterococcus species ninety percentage of Enterococcal infection are due to Enterococcus faecalis . E. faecalis is a causative agent for nosocomial infection. The present study was carried out to asses the changing trends in antibiotic susceptibility of Enterococcus species isolated from clinical samples from Gulbarga region.122 samples were collected from various hospitals and diagnostic centers in Gulbarga region. The clinical isolates were identified by Facklam and Collins conventional method. The susceptibility tests were done against vancomycin, ampicillin, oxacillin, rifamycin, ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, gentamycin, teicoplanin and streptomycin by Kirby bauer method. MIC of resistant E. faecalis isolates were determined by NCCLS method. In our study, E. faecalis strains found to be 50% multi-drug resistant and the resistance was more in case of vancomycin antibiotic. The E. faecium isolates showed high resistance to gentamycin and streptomycin among the few MDR strains. E. durans were susceptible to all the antibiotic expect streptomycin and E. gallinarium were found susceptible to all antibiotics. The MIC’s determined of the 12 strains, showed the prevalence of HLAR and HLGR among the E . faecalis isolates. The present study reveals for the first time emergence of vanocmycin resistant enterococci from this part of world and indicates the magnitude of antibiotic resistance in and around the study area.
Alveolar Sockets Preservation Using Hydroxyapatite / Beta tricalcium Phosphate with Hyaluronic Acid (Histomorphometric study)

Alveolar atrophy following tooth extraction remains a challenge for future dental implant placement. Immediate implant placement and postextraction alveolar preservation are two methods that are used to prevent significant postextraction bone loss. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of hydroxyapatite / beta tricalcium phosphate (HA/BTCP) with hyaluronic acid (HY) for alveolar sockets preservation. Thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to the lower left incisor extraction. The rabbits were equally divided into three groups. The extracted sockets (n = 12/group) were filled with : HA/BTCP, HA/BTCP + HY and blood clot (control). All rabbits were sacrificed for histological and histomorphometric evaluation after 4 and 8 week healing periods. The results demonstrated that all sites examined in this study displayed evidence of new bone formation. A statistically significant difference in the amount of new bone formation were found between sites that healed for an average of 8 only. The results demonstrating approximately 78%,68 % and 63% of new vital bone formation for groups grafted with HA/BTCP +HY , HA/BTCP and control group respectively after 8 weeks postoperatively. In conclusion these results exhibited that the use of hydroxyapatite / beta tricalcium phosphate with hyaluronic acid appears to be more efficient in osteoconduction when compared with of hydroxyapatite / beta tricalcium phosphate alone and could be promising strategy for preservation of alveolar sockets. [Amr ELkarargy. Alveolar Sockets Preservation Using Hydroxyapatite / Beta tricalcium Phosphate with Hyaluronic Acid (Histomorphometric study). J Am Sci 2013; 9(1): 556-563]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 78
Presence of Chlamydia Infection among asymptomatic Female Commercial Sex-workers (CSWs) in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, College of Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana Department of Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana Department of Clinical Microbiology, College of Health sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
Ion conducting polymer electrolyte films based on (PVP+NaF) system and its application as an electrochemical cell

A sodium ion-conducting polymer electrolyte based on Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP, Mw=4x104) complexed with NaF was prepared using the solution-cast technique. The features of the complexation of the electrolytes were studied by X – ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR techniques. The ionic conductivity and transference number measurements were performed to characterize the polymer electrolyte for battery applications. The transference number measurements show that the charge transport in this polymer electrolyte system is predominantly due to ions. Using this polymer electrolyte, an electrochemical cell with the configuration Na / (PVP+NaF) / (I2+C+electrolyte) has been fabricated and its discharge characteristics were studied.
Analysis of agricultural extension service deliveries rendered towards facilitating rural entrepreneurship in Hong Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria

The study analyzed agricultural extension service deliveries rendered towards facilitating rural entrepreneurship in Hong Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to: identify the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents; identify the available opportunities for rural entrepreneurship; identify the services delivered by agricultural extension workers towards facilitating rural entrepreneurship; and, identify the problems militating against rural entrepreneurship. Multistage random sampling technique was employed in selecting the districts, wards, villages and the respondents involved in the study. A validated, well-structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive (percentage) statistic. The major findings in the study revealed that the respondents are within the economically and agriculturally active mean age of 32 years. A total of 74% of them have attained a minimum of secondary school education. Results show that 28%, 40% and 32% are into farming, trading and civil service as their main occupations respectively. Results indicated that all the available opportunities studied more than 70% of the respondents have indicated that they are available except rich culture and availability of tall forest trees which 67% and 58% of the respondents indicated their availability in their villages. Agricultural extension services delivered had contributed greatly in facilitating rural entrepreneurship. The major problems identified in the study were: inadequate working capital for entrepreneurship; intermittent interference by government agencies and personnel because of some political or party differences; and, recurrent insecurity problems. It was concluded that agricultural extension services delivered by extension workers had facilitated rural entrepreneurship in the area of study. It was therefore, recommended, among others, that: government should strengthen the raw material base in rural areas and ensure that the funds required for rural entrepreneurship are made available on time; and, the agricultural extension service agency should be adequately funded, supported and given the desired attention to enable the agency scale up rural entrepreneurship.
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Urban Stormwater Runoff and Receiving Stream.

Stormwater and receiving stream water samples were collected along Abeokuta- Ibadan road at four different locations and analysed for heavy metals: copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, chromium and other pollution indicating indices like DO, BOD5, COD, total dissolved solid, EC, pH, chloride, hardness, and alkalinity. The result of the analyses showed the mean concentration of heavy metals were: 0.66 mg/L (Pb), 0.83 mg/L (Zn), 1.93 mg/L (Cu), 0.51 mg/L (Cd) and 0.44 mg/L (Cr). Copper is the most prominent metal both in the stormwater and the receiving streams in the study area compared to others. Average physico-chemical properties of stormwater such as pH w as 9.15±0.49, temperature, 26.27±0.51, EC, 276.00±48.86 uScm-1, hardness, 93.25±48.0 and alkalinity, 2.78±1.04 for the stream. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the stormwater ranges from 2.88 to 3.97 mg/L. Mean TDS, COD and BOD5 were 128.7 mg/L, 156.25 mg/L, and 47.06 mg/L respectively. None of these values exceeded the limit considered as potential hazard according to international standards. However, in the nearest future the pollution level may likely increase drastically exceed the recognised standards due to increasing urban activities, hence, there is the need to safeguard the health of the urban ecosystem by reducing stormwater pollution from sources and the development of sustainable urban stormwater management using best management practices (BMPs). Keywords: Highways; Pollution; Urbanisation; Stormwater; Stormwater Management.