Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Passive Control of Flow Around a Circular Cylinder with Different Bluff-Bodies

The paper presents steady and unsteady numerical simulations of the flow around a circular bluff-body to investigate a methodology to apply to hydraulic turbines draft tube. The linear global stability analysis (LSA) is performed to study the evolution of an infinitesimal disturbance that is introduced into the flow. The mean-flow over 20 fully developed vortex shedding is computed from the unsteady-state simulation. The sensitivity map computed using the spatial structures of the instabilities is used to reveal the most receptive zones to an external force. Different control bluff-bodies are placed in the indicated areas and their influence is analysed.
Relationship Between Nutrient Distributions and Eutrophication in Seawater of the Laizhou Bay

Based on the nutrient data observed in the Laizhou Bay in May and September,2001,the distribution characteristics and space-time variations of 5 kinds of nutrients in the Laizhou Bay are analyzed,and the eutrophication conditions in the sea area are assessed.It is shown from the analysis results that the average concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) was 9.8 μmol/dm~3,among them,the concentration of NO_3-N was the highest,and accounted for 77.65 % of total DIN with an average concentration of 7.61 μmol/dm~3 in two seasons.The average concentration of reactive phosphate was 0.48 μmol/dm~3,and the average concentration of reactive silicate was 11.31 μmol/dm~3.It is shown from the study results that the concentrations of DIN and reactive phosphate in seawater of the Laizhou Bay in 2001 were 2.03 and(3.2) times those in 1989.The ratios of DIN to P,Si to P and Si to DIN were 69.5,34.2 and 1.4,respectively,so the phosphate is a limiting factor.According to the value of trophic state index,the bayhead nearshore sea area of the Laizhou Bay was classified as the eutrophication area,so the red tide might occur in autumn in case of suitable hydrometeorological conditions.
Update on coronavirus disease 2019: Ophthalmic Manifestations and Adverse Reactions to Vaccination

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was one of the most devastating public health issues in recent decades. The ophthalmology community is as concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic as the global public health community is, as COVID-19 was recognized to affect multiple organs in the human body, including the eyes, early in the course of the outbreak. Ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 are highly variable and could range from mild ocular surface abnormalities to potentially sight and life-threatening orbital and neuro-ophthalmic diseases. Furthermore, ophthalmic manifestations may also be the presenting or the only findings in COVID-19 infections. Meanwhile, global vaccination campaigns to attain herd immunity in different populations are the major strategy to mitigate the pandemic. As novel vaccinations against COVID-19 emerged, so were reports on adverse ophthalmic reactions potentially related to such. As the world enters a post-pandemic state where COVID-19 continues to exist and evolve as an endemic globally, the ophthalmology community ought to be aware of and keep abreast of the latest knowledge of ophthalmic associations with COVID-19 and its vaccinations. This review is a summary of the latest literature on the ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 and the adverse ophthalmic reactions related to its vaccinations.
Ventriculo-arterial uncoupling is associated with VO2 dependency in cardiac surgical patients

Background The clinical relevance of V-A (un)coupling in critically ill patients is under investigation. In this study we measured the association between V-A coupling and oxygen consumption (VO2) response in patients with acute circulatory instability following cardiac surgery. Methods and results Sixty-one cardio-thoracic ICU patients who received fluid challenge or norepinephrine infusion were included. Arterial pressure, cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), arterial (EA), and ventricular elastances (EV), total indexed peripheral resistance (TPRi) were assessed before and after hemodynamic interventions. VO2 responders were defined as VO2 increase > 15 %. V-A coupling was evaluated by the ratio EA/EV. Left ventricle stroke work (SW) to pressure volume area (PVA) ratio was calculated. In the overall population, 24 patients (39%) were VO2 responders and 48 patients were uncoupled (i.e., EA/EV ratio > 1.3): 1.9 (1.6-2.4). Most of the uncoupled patients were classified as VO2 responders (28 of 31 patients, p=0.031). Changes in VO2 were correlated with those of TPRi, EA, EA/EV and CO. EA/EV ratio predicted VO2 increase with an AUC of 0.76 [95 % CI: 0.62-0.87]; p=0.001. In multivariate and principal component analyses, EA/EV and SW/PVA ratios were independently associated (P < 0.05) with VO2 response following interventions. Conclusions VO2 responders were characterized by baseline V-A uncoupling due to high EA and low EV. Baseline EA/EV and SW/PVA ratios were associated with VO2 changes independently of the hemodynamic intervention used. These results further underline the pathophysiological significance of V-A uncoupling in patients with hemodynamic instability.
Association of Grip Strength with All-Cause Mortality among Korean Adults with Disabilities

PURPOSE: This study utilized data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging to investigate the association between grip strength and all-cause mortality rates in adults with disabilities aged ≥ 45 years in Korea.METHODS: The study included 430 adults with disabilities without missing values in the mortality variable and no history of cancer, cerebrovascular diseases, or cardiovascular diseases (mean age 63.2 ± 10.0 years) for analysis. Data from the first to seventh waves were used in the analysis. Grip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and mortality status and date were recorded. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the association between grip strength and all-cause mortality rates to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs), considering potential confounding variables. Finally, a joint association between grip strength, obesity, and all-cause mortality was assessed.RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 9.09 ± 3.73 years, 135 adults with disabilities died. After adjusting all possible confounding variables, the HR of the group with the highest grip strength was significantly lower (HR: .36; 95% CI: .20-.65) than that of the group with the lowest grip strength. In the joint analysis, compared to the “weak and non-obese” group, the HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality were . 32 (.17-.62) and . 27 (.10-.71) in the “strong and non-obese” and “strong and obese” groups, respectively.CONCLUSION: High grip strength in Korean adults with disabilities aged ≥45 years was significantly associated with a lower all-cause mortality risk, independent of obesity. Hence, grip strength may be a simple indicator of mortality risk; however, additional research using large-scale survey data is required.
Emojis and Users’ Brand Engagement in Instagram. The Case of Eco-Friendly Restaurants

The aim of this research is to examine the drivers of followers´ behavioural engagement with eco-friendly restaurants on Instagram. In addition, the present study explores the influence of followers´ behavioural engagement on word of mouth (WOM) and intention to visit the restaurant, paying special attention to the moderating effect of consumers’ attitudes towards the use of emojis in the posts. The research model was tested on 491 female followers of the Instagram account operated by the establishment. Following the validation of measurement scales, the hypotheses are tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) with AMOS software. It was found that behavioural brand engagement was positively affected, with similar intensity, by the perceived enjoyment provided by, and the perceived originality of, brand-generated content posted on Instagram. In addition, behavioural brand engagement was found to drive positive WOM and visiting intentions, and WOM had a significantly higher effect on females who have positive attitudes towards emojis. Brand-generated content (BGC) characteristics (perceived enjoyment and perceived originality) increase followers' brand engagement. Managers should focus on BGC characteristics and the communication style of their messages to strengthen follower-brand relationships. This research can help restaurant owners/managers understand the drivers and outcomes of followers´ behavioural engagement with brands (FBE) on Instagram and the role of emojis on customer behaviours.
A Popularity, Freshness and Recency Based Content Eviction in Information Centric Networking Based Internet of Things

In the realm of Internet of Things (IoT) based on Information centric networking (ICN), efficient data dissemination heavily relies on in-network caching, which plays a pivotal role. The transient and frequent updates of cached data by producers in ICN-based IoT networks often render them quickly obsolete, imposing stringent requirements for data freshness. While several cache replacement policies have been proposed, none of them have taken into consideration the crucial aspect of cache freshness requirement. This paper introduces cache replacement policy that takes various important content properties into consideration, along with the freshness before evicting the content from the cache. Simulations have been performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed replacement policy with other benchmark replacement policies of the ICN-based IoT networks. The results obtained from the simulations demonstrate that the proposed replacement policy outperforms compared replacement policies in terms of server hit reduction ratio and response latency.
Ontogenetic development of Pa element cup microsculpture in Lochriea commutata (Branson and Mehl, 1941) (Conodonta, Carboniferous): taxonomic implications

Cup nodes on Lochriea commutata Pa elements bear microsculpture fields composed of polygonal microsculpture. As Pa elements grow larger, the cup nodes and their microsculpture fields increase in size during early to middle growth. With subsequent growth, cup nodes may broaden transversely, split, fuse, or cease to broaden; similarly, their microsculpture fields may increase in size, split, or disappear as the element gets larger. The loss of microsculpture fields results in the loss of polygonal microsculpture. The presence of polygonal microsculpture on the cup nodes of Pa elements of the holotype of Lochriea montanaensis Scott, 1942, on topotype Pa elements of L. commutata (Branson and Mehl, 1941), as well as on L. commutata Pa elements from diverse localities, suggests that this micromorphological feature cannot be used to distinguish them. Instead, these similarities support the practice of treating L. montanaensis as a junior synonym of L. commutata. The fact that cup node, microsculpture field, and polygonal microsculpture development are closely related to growth and ontogeny and are variable in the larger growth stages suggests that these morphological features should be used with caution in taxonomy. This lack of reliability contrasts with the taxonomic utility of pustulose micrornamentation on the homeomorphic Pa elements of the Permian genus Sweetognathus.
Fictive clusters: Crafty strategies in the New Zealand beer industry

ABSTRACT The authors bring together two theoretical and empirical strands in economic geography – established work on clusters and nascent research on ‘fictive place’ – in order to introduce the concept of ‘fictive clusters’. To explore this concept, they examine the New Zealand craft beer sector, which has evolved from non-existence since the year 2000. This growth has precipitated the rise of a dynamic and innovative cluster at the local scale in Wellington. The fictive cluster is explored through the Wellington case study, and the authors pose various questions for future work based on this discursive geographical device. The construction and complicit reproduction of what they term a ‘fictive cluster’ has been central to the evolving strategies of the involved agents. Through the use of this term, the evolution of Wellington place-based brands that are increasingly territorially specific are seen as building competitive advantage based on constructed histories, environments, and other geographic characteristics.
Gut microbiota functional profiling in autism spectrum disorders: bacterial VOCs and related metabolic pathways acting as disease biomarkers and predictors

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder. Major interplays between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS) seem to be driven by gut microbiota (GM). Herein, we provide a GM functional characterization, based on GM metabolomics, mapping of bacterial biochemical pathways, and anamnestic, clinical, and nutritional patient metadata. Methods Fecal samples collected from children with ASD and neurotypical children were analyzed by gas-chromatography mass spectrometry coupled with solid phase microextraction (GC–MS/SPME) to determine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with the metataxonomic approach by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses assessed differential VOC profiles and relationships with ASD anamnestic and clinical features for biomarker discovery. Multiple web-based and machine learning (ML) models identified metabolic predictors of disease and network analyses correlated GM ecological and metabolic patterns. Results The GM core volatilome for all ASD patients was characterized by a high concentration of 1-pentanol, 1-butanol, phenyl ethyl alcohol; benzeneacetaldehyde, octadecanal, tetradecanal; methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-hexanone, acetone; acetic, propanoic, 3-methyl-butanoic and 2-methyl-propanoic acids; indole and skatole; and o-cymene. Patients were stratified based on age, GI symptoms, and ASD severity symptoms. Disease risk prediction allowed us to associate butanoic acid with subjects older than 5 years, indole with the absence of GI symptoms and low disease severity, propanoic acid with the ASD risk group, and p-cymene with ASD symptoms, all based on the predictive CBCL-EXT scale. The HistGradientBoostingClassifier model classified ASD patients vs. CTRLs by an accuracy of 89%, based on methyl isobutyl ketone, benzeneacetaldehyde, phenyl ethyl alcohol, ethanol, butanoic acid, octadecane, acetic acid, skatole, and tetradecanal features. LogisticRegression models corroborated methyl isobutyl ketone, benzeneacetaldehyde, phenyl ethyl alcohol, skatole, and acetic acid as ASD predictors. Conclusion Our results will aid the development of advanced clinical decision support systems (CDSSs), assisted by ML models, for advanced ASD-personalized medicine, based on omics data integrated into electronic health/medical records. Furthermore, new ASD screening strategies based on GM-related predictors could be used to improve ASD risk assessment by uncovering novel ASD onset and risk predictors.
Disturbance and Diversity in Low-Productivity Ecosystems

Ecological theory predicts that the amount of resources available in an ecosystem should affect its response and sensitivity to ecological disturbances like fire, herbivory, and soil disturbance. Plant stature and life form, biomass, rates of growth, and plant palatability are all influenced by habitat productivity, and these factors play key roles in determining disturbance frequencies and intensities (Pickett and White, 1985; Bond and van Wilgen, 1996; Grime, 2001; Table 12.1). Theory and empirical investigations find that site quality is often related to rates of competitive displacement, with relatively unproductive, less competitive environments less reliant on disturbance for diversity regulation (Huston, 1994; Grime, 2001). Because the most significant direct effect of disturbance on vegetation is to increase available space and light (Grace, 1999), the effects of disturbance on plant diversity should correlate positively with productivity, since more productive plant communities are more limited by above-ground competition (Tilman, 1982). Ecologically, a disturbance of a given intensity will cause more change in space and light availability in dense vegetation than in open habitats, where these resources are already more abundant. On evolutionary time scales, species are less likely to specialize on regenerating after disturbance in communities where space and light are less limiting (Grubb, 1977; Bond and van Wilgen, 1996). Given the great differences in productivity between serpentine and nonserpentine habitats, coupled with the heightened presence of endemics and species of
The Effects of a Short Virtual Reality Training Program on Dynamic Balance in Tennis Players

This study aimed to analyze the effects of a 5 min virtual reality training program (VR) on dynamic balance in tennis players. Fifty-eight college tennis players (mean age 22.9 ± 3.1 years, weight 73.9 ± 10.8 kg, height 176.6 ± 8.4 cm) were allocated to either the control group (placebo) (CG, n = 20) or the right-handed experimental group (RTG, n = 20) and left-handed experimental group (LTG, n = 18), both of which took part in the 5 min VR intervention program. Pre-tests included anthropometric measures and the Y Balance Test (YBT), and the post-test was the Y Balance Test (YBT). Three YBT trials were performed in anterior (ANT), posterolateral (PL), and posteromedial (PM) directions. After the training intervention, in the right-handed experimental group (RTG), significant differences were observed for two variables: anterior reach (right foot) (p = 0.00) and posterior medial reach (right foot) (p = 0.03). In other analyzed variables, there were no significant differences. Additionally, the effect size was small. In the left-handed experimental group (LTG), statistically significant improvements were identified in five out of six analyzed variables: anterior reach (left foot) (p = 0.00), posterior medial reach (left foot) (p = 0.00), posterior lateral reach (left foot) (p = 0.00), posterior medial reach (right foot) (p = 0.00), and posterior lateral reach (right foot) (p = 0.00). The effect size ranged between small and medium. No significant changes were observed in the control group (CG) after the training intervention. Moreover, for all variables, the time*group interaction is determined. Anterior reach (left foot), posterior medial reach (left foot), posterior medial reach (right foot), and posterior lateral reach (right foot) showed significant interactions (F = 3.04, p = 0.05; F = 3.50, p = 0.03; F = 6.08, p = 0.00; and F = 4.69, p = 0.01). The outcome of this study leads us to a further understanding that if a player were to partake in VR activity, it could show a positive effect on their dynamic balance performance.
Results of a Teacher Burnout Intervention with Self-compassion and Self-Concordant Goals

This research aimed to help decrease the level of burnout among Primary School teachers in Hungary. We conducted a 7 week-long "Renewal programme" intervention, which was based on self-compassion theory and the self-concordance model. Self-compassion practices advocate the adoption of an accepting mindset regarding one's own mistakes, and further assume that by setting self-concordant goals, one can create the conditions for long-term intrinsic motivation. Our results showed that the Renewal programme decreased participants' burnout levels. It also turned out that the programme was more effective for those participants who were doing their homework regularly. Self-compassion was a relatively new concept for teachers who participated in the intervention, but 6 months after the programme ended, the levels of it had increased further beyond what was recorded in the post-measurement. Our results show that social support is an important characteristic of the programme, as burnout subsequently decreased, while self-compassion increased, possibly due to the decreasing support of the former group members. As an enhancement, we recommend creating a private social media group for participants, something which would enable future participants to stay in touch after a programme like this has ended.
MiR-630 Promotes Radioresistance by Induction of Anti-Apoptotic Effect via Nrf2–GPX2 Molecular Axis in Head–Neck Cancer

Head and neck cancer (HNC) ranks among the top ten prevalent cancers worldwide. Radiotherapy stands as a pivotal treatment component for HNC; however, radioresistance in cancerous cells often leads to local recurrence, becoming a substantial factor in treatment failure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are compact, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNAs to inhibit protein translation. Although several studies have indicated that the dysregulation of miRNAs is intricately linked with malignant transformation, understanding this molecular family’s role in radioresistance remains limited. This study determined the role of miR-630 in regulating radiosensitivity in HNC. We discovered that miR-630 functions as an oncomiR, marked by its overexpression in HNC patients, correlating with a poorer prognosis. We further delineated the malignant function of miR-630 in HNC cells. While it had a minimal impact on cell growth, the miR-630 contributed to radioresistance in HNC cells. This result was supported by decreased cellular apoptosis and caspase enzyme activities. Moreover, miR-630 overexpression mitigated irradiation-induced DNA damage, evidenced by the reduced levels of the γ-H2AX histone protein, a marker for double-strand DNA breaks. Mechanistically, the overexpression of miR-630 decreased the cellular ROS levels and initiated Nrf2 transcriptional activity, resulting in the upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme GPX2. Thus, this study elucidates that miR-630 augments radioresistance by inducing an anti-apoptotic effect via the Nrf2–GPX2 molecular axis in HNC. The modulation of miR-630 may serve as a novel radiosensitizing target for HNC.
role of chlorogenic acid in the resistance of apples to apple scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Wind. Aderh.)

The content of chlorogenic acid was studied in three scab resistant apple cultivars (‘Topaz’, ‘Gold Rush’, ‘Goldstar’) and two scab susceptible ones (‘Golden Delicious Weinsberg’, ‘Golden Delicious Clone B’) growing in Laboratory Field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. The leaf samples were collected four times in 30 day intervals between 12 June and 10 September 2001 and analysed using the system of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of chlorogenic acid was determined by means of a standard. It did not differ statistically significantly between the resistant cultivars and the two susceptible ones. At all four dates, leaves of the cultivar ‘Goldrush’ contained statistically significantly larger quantities of chlorogenic acid than leaves of the remaining scab resistant and scab susceptible cultivars. The content of chlorogenic acid changed during the growing period: it was the highest in July or August while in September it declined. The scab infection of the leaves of scab susceptible cultivars affected the accumulation of chlorogenic acid in the way that its content increased with the degree of infection. Greater amount of chlorogenic acid was contained in the leaves of the cultivar ‘Golden Delicious Weinsberg’ than in the leaves of the cultivar ‘Golden Delicious Clone B’.
A general circulation model (GCM) parameterization of Pinatubo aerosols

The June 1991 volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo is the largest and best documented global climate forcing experiment in recorded history. The time development and geographical dispersion of the aerosol has been closely monitored and sampled. Based on preliminary estimates of the Pinatubo aerosol loading, general circulation model predictions of the impact on global climate have been made.