Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences in EEG Brain Activity for Black/White Versus RGB Stimuli

Background: Color perception is vital in many aspects of human behavior. It is tremendously engaged in the early stage of information processing to accelerate attention. Several studies focused on different aspects of the psychological effect of colors, which showed that color designs induce positive emotion, increased cognitive effort, and better learning outcomes compared to achromatic stimuli. Considering the importance of our daily encounters with colored stimuli, especially the RGB, black and white, studying the effect of these stimuli on brain activities is essential. Method: We investigated the significant differences in spatiotemporal brain activity of black, white, and RGB information. We used a task in which 12 participants were presented with random black-and-white and RGB-colored stimuli in a dark room. Each stimulus was displayed on the whole screen of a CRT calibrated monitor for 10 seconds. A 64-channel EEG device was used to acquire the EEG data. Results: Our results show that for RGB-colored stimuli, the beta power of the occipito-parietal region in early period (85 - 120 ms after stimulus onset) for RGB is higher than that of black (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.05$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), while in late period (800 - 855 ms after stimulus onset), for RGB it is higher than that of both black and white (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.05$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). Moreover, the alpha power of the centro-parietal region in late period (930 - 1360 ms after stimulus onset) for RGB is higher than that of black (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). Finally, ITPC of alpha band in occipariatal region in the late period (840 - 920 ms after stimulus onset) for white is higher than black (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.05$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and RGB (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). Conclusion: The results regarding brain responses to black/white and RGB stimuli, as well as beta and alpha-band differences in centro-pariatal and occipito-parietal regions provide valuable insights that can be interpretted within perception, emotional activities, and visual processes. Practical applications may span psychology, biofeedback, and BCI systems, with implications for cognitive training, rehabilitation, and human-computer interaction.
Initial electric field changes of lightning flashes in two thunderstorms

The beginning of all 75 lightning flashes in two small thunderstorms was investigated using an array of electric field change (E‐change) meters and an array of VHF sensors with the goal of determining if an initial E‐change (IEC) preceded the initial breakdown (IB) pulses in each flash. IECs were found at the beginning of all 62 flashes in Storm 1 and all 13 flashes in Storm 2. Hence, it is concluded that an IEC is a fundamental part of most or all lightning initiations and that an IEC is needed prior to the first IB pulse in a flash. IEC durations averaged 0.23 ms for cloud‐to‐ground (CG) flashes (range 0.08–0.54 ms) and averaged 2.7 ms for normal intracloud (IC) flashes (range 0.04–9.8 ms). IEC point dipole moments averaged 26 C m for CG flashes (range 4–86 C m) and averaged −140 C m for normal IC flashes (range −8 to −650 C m). IEC current moments averaged 120 kA m for CG flashes (range 41–410 kA m) and averaged −91 kA m for normal IC flashes (range −2 to −630 kA m). E‐change data support the suggestion that weak narrow bipolar event type events initiate some lightning flashes, but 41 of the 75 flashes had no detectable initiating pulse > 0.04 V m−1 range normalized to 100 km. Two flashes had two IECs; the second IEC of each flash initiated a new lightning channel that propagated in a new direction and at a higher altitude than the original development after the first IEC.
Numerical Model Study on the Wave and Current Control by Coastal Vegetation

ABSTRACT Lee, W.D. ; Cox, D.T. , and Hur, D.S. , 2017. Numerical model study on the wave and current control by coastal vegetation. In: Lee, J.L. ; Griffiths, T. ; Lotan, A. ; Suh, K. -S. , and Lee, J. (eds.), The 2nd International Water Safety Symposium. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 79, pp. 219–223. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In this study, three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effect of the coastal vegetation on the wave and current controls. The model was modified to apply three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver based on porous body model for the direct simulation of the wave energy dissipation through the vegetation. The new formula of a vegetation drag coefficient based on the wave-vegetation interaction was proposed through the hydraulic model tests and the formula was implemented to the model. The modified numerical model was tested and the results were compared with the experimental results to verify the numerical model capability. The model results well reproduced the wave energy dissipation inside the vegetation zone. Moreover, the numerical modeling was also conducted for the hydrodynamics on permeable submerged breakwater and the model results were compared with the results of vegetation. Inside the vegetation zone, the wave energy slowly decreased and the water level behind the vegetation was not increased seriously. Since the vegetation reduces the wave energy gradually, the width of the vegetation zone is an important factor for the effective control of the wave energy. Because the water level behind the vegetation zone did not increase too much, the return flow was small compared with that in the gap between the submerged breakwater cases. Therefore, if we deploy coastal vegetation effectively, this may be a better measure than coastal structures in terms of effectiveness and economy.
Transcriptome and proteomic analysis of mpox virus F3L-expressing cells

Background Monkeypox or mpox virus (mpox) is a double-stranded DNA virus that poses a significant threat to global public health security. The F3 protein, encoded by mpox, is an apoenzyme believed to possess a double-stranded RNA-binding domain (dsRBD). However, limited research has been conducted on its function. In this study, we present data on the transcriptomics and proteomics of F3L-transfected HEK293T cells, aiming to enhance our comprehension of F3L. Methods The gene expression profiles of pCAGGS-HA-F3L transfected HEK293T cells were analyzed using RNA-seq. Proteomics was used to identify and study proteins that interact with F3L. Real-time PCR was used to detect mRNA levels of several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HEK293T cells (or Vero cells) after the expression of F3 protein. Results A total of 14,822 genes were obtained in cells by RNA-Seq and 1,672 DEGs were identified, including 1,156 up-regulated genes and 516 down-regulated genes. A total of 27 cellular proteins interacting with F3 proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and 19 cellular proteins with large differences in abundance ratios were considered to be candidate cellular proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in immune-related pathways, including type I interferon signaling pathway, response to virus, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, etc. Moreover, some selected DEGs were further confirmed by real-time PCR and the results were consistent with the transcriptome data. Proteomics data show that cellular proteins interacting with F3 proteins are mainly related to RNA splicing and protein translation. Conclusions Our analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data showed that (1) F3L up-regulates the transcript levels of key genes in the innate immune signaling pathway, such as RIGI, MDA5, IRF5, IRF7, IRF9, ISG15, IFNA14, and elicits a broad spectrum of antiviral immune responses in the host. F3L also increases the expression of the FOS and JNK genes while decreasing the expression of TNFR2, these factors may ultimately induce apoptosis. (2) F3 protein interacts with host proteins involved in RNA splicing and protein translation, such as SNRNP70, POLR2H, HNRNPA1, DDX17, etc. The findings of this study shed light on the function of the F3 protein.
Nuxcell Neo® improves vaccine efficacy in antibody response

Current vaccination protocols raise concerns about the efficacy of immunization. There is evidence that changes in the gut microbiota can impact immune response. The formation of the gut microbiota in newborns plays a crucial role in immunity. Probiotic bacteria and prebiotics present important health-promoting and immunomodulatory properties. Thus, we hypothesize that pro and prebiotic supplementation can improve the efficacy of vaccination in newborns. In this protocol, newborn mice were used and treated with a single-dose rabies vaccine combined with Nuxcell Neo® (2 g/animal/week) for 3 weeks. Samples were collected on days 7, 14, and 21 after vaccination for analysis of cytokines and concentration of circulating antibodies. Our results show an increased concentration of antibodies in animals vaccinated against rabies and simultaneously treated with Nuxcell Neo® on days 14 and 21 when compared to the group receiving only the vaccine. In the cytokine levels analysis, it was possible to observe that there weren't relevant and significant changes between the groups, which demonstrates that the health of the animal remains stable. The results of our study confirm the promising impact of the use of Nuxcell Neo® on the immune response after vaccination.
Dogs can detect an odor profile associated with Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in cultures and biological samples

Introduction The study investigated the utilization of odor detection dogs to identify the odor profile of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilms in pure in vitro samples and in in vivo biosamples from animals and humans with S. aureus periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Biofilms form when bacterial communities aggregate on orthopedic implants leading to recalcitrant infections that are difficult to treat. Identifying PJI biofilm infections is challenging, and traditional microbiological cultures may yield negative results even in the presence of clinical signs. Methods Dogs were trained on pure in vitro S. aureus biofilms and tested on lacrimal fluid samples from an in vivo animal model (rabbits) and human patients with confirmed S. aureus PJI. Results The results demonstrated that dogs achieved a high degree of sensitivity and specificity in detecting the odor profile associated with S. aureus biofilms in rabbit samples. Preliminary results suggest that dogs can recognize S. aureus volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human lacrimal fluid samples. Discussion Training odor detection dogs on in vitro S. aureus, may provide an alternative to obtaining clinical samples for training and mitigates biosecurity hazards. The findings hold promise for culture-independent diagnostics, enabling early disease detection, and improved antimicrobial stewardship. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that dogs trained on in vitro S. aureus samples can identify the consistent VOC profile of PJI S. aureus biofilm infections. The study opens avenues for further investigations into a retained VOC profile of S. aureus biofilm infection. These advancements could revolutionize infectious disease diagnosis and treatment, leading to better patient outcomes and addressing the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
ESTIMATION OF DEMAND FOR DIESEL FUEL BY CROP PRODUCERS

A quadratic programming model was formulated to estimate diesel fuel demand by a representative risk averse crop producer. Data to estimate the demand function were obtained by varying energy prices, crop prices, and degree of risk aversion. Diesel fuel demand was not very responsive to energy price changes. Wheat and soybean prices as well as producer's attitude toward risk had greater impacts on fuel use than did energy prices. Increases in soybean and sorghum prices tended to increase diesel fuel use while increases in wheat prices and degree of risk aversion decreased diesel fuel use.
Silvicultural lessons from the December 2000 ice storms

In Dei~rnber of 7000 two d e \ t i ~ ~ ~ t i \ e Ice stolnls c o \ e ~ e d Alhclnccls. affecting 10cr 01 the itate's fore\tland\ Damage <stlmatei ran into the hundredi of millions of dollari. hith much of the lor\ occurring In lobloll) plne (lJrtziir iac.dii L) plantations A >tud\ \%as initi,ited In iouth-central ilrhansas to tiach the reio\er\. of damaged trees on these plantations O\er 400 m n i ~ o r s lvere assessed for the type and iiegiee of damage. tagged. and then re-evaluated after one growing \ea\on Obser~atlons indcated that znidl Iametei trees nele more lihel) to bend ce\erel>. ~vhile intemiedlate si7r items tended to b r e d. ~ n d the bigge\t trees pnnlanly cuff'ered crown and branch 105s Though mo\t individuals weathered this t i ~ s t gro\vIng he'ison after the ice stomls. the mortality (10%) was greater than what would be ckpected for comparable undamaged trees in managed plantations Growth rate\ dunng this first s o u ins 4eason uere a function of inltial s u e and extent of damage Overall. suniiors averaged 0 2 Inch of diameter gro~vth. with over 10Ci. exceeding 0 5 inch The relati\ely high bur\icorshlp of elen \e\erely damaged loblollq pine suggests that salvaging of Ilving trees ma) be po5tponed at least one 9o\vtng season if fire, insect. or disease danger 1s not escesslve. Indl1 duals that rece~ved low to moderate damage appcar capable of respectable growth following ice damage L'lt~n~ately, it may pro\e more economical to partially salvage a damaged stand if sufficient stochng remans to meet management objecti\es IUTRODCCTION Ice btornli x e rel'iti~el> frequent virltors to-\il\ans,ls Depending on location. between 5 to I0 dainaging glaze events have occurred dunng the lait quarter ientun In December of 1000. t\\o malor ice irorms damaged up to 4 0 9 of the 1 S 3 mllllon acres of t~mberland in Irl,aiiia\ and cost L ~ n estimated $547 million Indu>tnall>-o\vned loblollj pine (P~rziir rizedn L plantations in the iouth-central portlon of the itatc &ere hes~lly damaged by the\e Ice m m l i Lobloll) plantation5 that were formerl) dense stands ,ind h ~ d been recently thinned \bere prlrticuIarl! + ~ u s ~ e p t i b l e This culnera-bllit> hcic been noted b> other researchers i? iel\on 195 I. Sheparti 198 1) Other factors that …
Top cited articles on ameloblastoma: A bibliometric analysis

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review and evaluate the characteristics of 100 most cited articles on ameloblastoma (AB). Materials and Methods: A comprehensive list of citation classics in AB was generated by searching the Scopus database without year or language restrictions. The top 100 articles were retrieved after reading abstracts or full texts. The following study variables were evaluated: number of citations, citation density, journal name, impact factor, category and quartile of journals, publication year, authors with their affiliations, and article type. Results: The citation number ranged from 76 to 367, with a mean of 122.78 citations per article. The one hundred top cited articles were distributed in 41 journals with Cancer having the highest number of articles (n = 16). There was a dominance of authors form United States (42 articles). The articles were published from 1955 to 2014, and eight authors published more than three papers. There were 57 research articles and 43 review articles. Conclusions: This first citation analysis provide a detailed list of the most influential articles on AB to help recognize the quality of the works, discoveries, and the trends steering the study of AB.
General Population Awareness of Primary Immune Deficiency Disease in Children in the Arar Region, Saudi Arabia

Background Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDD) are of various types and severities, and they are associated with a delay in diagnosis. Early diagnosis of PIDD helps to improve the quality of life of affected children and prevent permanent consequences such as organ damage. Hence, awareness of PIDD is a must in the community to aid in early detection. Objectives The study aims to investigate the general population's awareness of PIDD in children in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional design was utilized to determine the awareness of PIDD in children in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia. The participants were selected through an online self-administered questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results A total of 528 participants were involved in the current study. The majority of the sample population falls within the 20-30 age range. 9.1% of respondents know a child with primary immunodeficiency. Additionally, participants were aware of certain symptoms, such as delayed growth and chronic diarrhea, with rates of 47.0% and 34.1%, respectively. On the other hand, symptoms like otitis media and sinusitis have lower awareness rates of 25.8% and 33.3%, respectively. Conclusion This study can help in developing targeted awareness campaigns and educational programs to improve the understanding of primary immune deficiency disease among the general population in Saudi Arabia. This, in turn, can lead to earlier diagnosis and better management of the disease in children, ultimately improving their quality of life.
Neopterin and Biochemical Parameters as Indicators of Predicting HIV Disease Progression and Treatment Response: A Cross-sectional Study in Ghana

Background: Surrogate markers have been identified to play significant role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of HIV infection. However, there is limited data on the utility of neopterin estimation in HIV infection. Therefore, the study sought to measure and ascertains the trends of serum neopterin and other biochemical parameters as indicators of predicting HIV disease progression and treatment response among HIV seropositive individuals. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 298 HIV seropositive individuals consisting of 165 HIV on highly active antiretroviral treatment and 136 naïve highly active antiretroviral patients. Venous blood was drawn for the assay of neopterin and the other biochemical parameters. Results: Neopterin was significantly lower (P<0.0001) in patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy than those in the naïve highly active antiretroviral therapy group. Serum neopterin increased as the disease progresses and decreased as the duration of the therapy treatment increased (p=0.0001). At a cut of point of 54.5 nmol/L, neopterin gave a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 95.9% and an area under the curve of 0.99. Conclusion: Neopterin has shown to be to be good marker in predicting HIV disease progression especially in patients with CD4 counts less than 200mm-3 and a useful indicator of patient’s response to therapy treatment.
Nouvelles précisions sur les corrélations stratigraphiques du Dinantien du Boulonnais et de la Belgique : application de la biozonation corallienne

The stratigraphic distribution of the Rugosa enables to do correlations with Belgium. Several Belgian formations can be formally recognized in the Boulonnais. The facies in the Ferques autochthonous tectonic unit may be compared with those known in the northern part of the Namur synclinorium, and the facies in the Haut-Blanc allochthonous tectonic unit with those known in the southern part of the Namur synclinorium (or in the Dinant synclinorium). The lithological units are isochronous
Evaluation theories of product definition method for a successful new product

In this paper, The Product Definition Method is used to facilitate the product designer to establish successful product design characteristics. It presents a complete process to involve users in the product definition stage of the design process. The validation of this method is conducted through using one example of a very successful product as a case study. In addition, the in-depth study of sales performance through Correlation Test and Regression Analysis of its success. The result identified that The Product Definition Method is a systematic method as well as a decision making tool in order to involve the user in the design process and will assist them to develop the product design specifications. It also allows the product designer to verify the product quality and make decisions to contribute to its success.
Reduced Glycolysis and Cytotoxicity in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Chronic Rhinosinusitis as Strategies for Host Adaptation

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial infection of the nasal cavity and sinuses. In this study, nasal swabs from control donors (N = 128) and patients with CRS (N = 246) were analysed. Culture methods and metagenomics revealed no obvious differences in the composition of the bacterial communities between the two groups. However, at the functional level, several metabolic pathways were significantly enriched in the CRS group compared to the control group. Pathways such as carbohydrate transport metabolism, ATP synthesis, cofactors and vitamins, photosynthesis and transcription were highly enriched in CRS. In contrast, pathways related to lipid metabolism were more representative in the control microbiome. As S. aureus is one of the main species found in the nasal cavity, staphylococcal isolates from control and CRS samples were analysed by microarray and functional assays. Although no significant genetic differences were detected by microarray, S. aureus from CRS induced less cytotoxicity to lung cells and lower rates of glycolysis in host cells than control isolates. These results suggest the differential modulation of staphylococcal virulence by the environment created by other microorganisms and their interactions with host cells in control and CRS samples. These changes were reflected in the differential expression of cytokines and in the expression of Agr, the most important quorum-sensing regulator of virulence in S. aureus. In addition, the CRS isolates remained stable in their cytotoxicity, whereas the cytotoxic activity of S. aureus isolated from control subjects decreased over time during in vitro passage. These results suggest that host factors influence the virulence of S. aureus and promote its adaptation to the nasal environment during CRS.
Board diversity and enterprise risk management: Study in emerging and developed countries

Globalization and the uncertainty of the business environment pose challenges to companies. The unpredictable COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant global recession. For this reason, every company is required to improve governance and risk management practices to reduce the impact of this uncertainty. This study investigated the effect of board diversity on enterprise risk management (ERM) in companies in the USA, China, and Indonesia using the enterprise risk management index (ERMI) to measure ERM. ERMI is a means to assess an organization’s ERM implementation effectiveness index based on its ability to achieve its goals based on four dimensions (strategy, operations, reporting, and compliance). Different findings were uncovered in the 3 countries studied using the panel regression analysis technique on a sample of 629 companies during an observation period of 2011–2021. In the USA, a country known for prominent individualism, overall gender diversity does not have a significant relationship with risk-management-related decision-making. In China, gender and cultural diversities negatively impact ERM. On the other hand, in the Indonesian context, skill diversity has no significant relationship with risk management, while tenure diversity has a negative effect on ERM. The results of this study provided recommendations for regulators and company management in developing good corporate governance.