Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intense luminescence emission and lattice damage of the implanted Eu ions in KTiOPO4 crystals

Abstract. The doping of rare earth elements revolutionized applications of optoelectronic devices. Europium (Eu) ions acting as activators can provide the fundamental effect on luminescence of host materials. We investigate photoluminescence, lattice damage formation of Eu-implanted potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4) crystals using 400-keV Eu ions with a fluence of 5 × 1015 ions / cm2 at room temperature. Effective doping is achieved in the depth range of about 50 to 200 nm from the surface of KTiOPO4 crystal, and the luminescent activity of Eu ions is inhibited due to significant implantation damage. However, the samples showed intense luminescence emission at room temperature through the lattice recovery after annealing at 600°C and 700°C. The lattice damage of as-implanted and annealed samples was investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in channeling configuration. Furthermore, the relative strain depth curves of Eu implanted KTiOPO4 samples at different annealing temperatures were studied using the high resolution x-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. The present research reveals that Eu implanted KTiOPO4 samples have great prospects in the field of optical applications and waveguide quantum reservoirs.
The Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts-Related Gene COMP Is a Novel Predictor for Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy and Is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration in Colon Cancer

Background: Colon cancer is characterized by a sophisticated tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which make up the majority of the stromal cells in TME, participate in tumor development and immune regulation. Further investigations of CAFs would facilitate an in-depth understanding of its role in colon cancer TME. Methods: In this study, we estimated CAF abundance based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases using the Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter) algorithm. CAF-related genes were identified by differential gene expression analysis combined with weighted gene coexpression network analysis. For further selection, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression was used, and the prognostic value of the selected gene was confirmed in numerous external cohorts. The function enrichment, immunological characteristics, tumor mutation signature, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity of the selected gene were subsequently explored. The bioinformatics analysis results were validated using immunohistochemistry on clinical samples from our institution. Results: According to our findings, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was uncovered as a candidate CAFs-driven biomarker in colon cancer and plays an important role in predicting prognosis in colon cancer. COMP upregulation was associated with enhanced stromal and immune activation, and immune cell infiltration, especially M2 macrophages. Genes that mutated differently between the high- and low-COMP expression subgroups may be correlated with TME change. Following verification, COMP reliably predicted the immunotherapy response and drug response. In addition, our experimental validation demonstrated that COMP overexpression is associated with colon cancer carcinogenesis and is strongly associated with CAFs and M2 macrophage infiltration. Conclusion: Our study uncovered that COMP was a key CAFs-driven gene associated with M2 macrophage infiltration and acted as a convincing predictor for prognosis and immunotherapy response in colon cancer patients.
Cross-Session Emotion Recognition by Joint Label-Common and Label-Specific EEG Features Exploration

Since Electroencephalogram (EEG) is resistant to camouflage, it has been a reliable data source for objective emotion recognition. EEG is naturally multi-rhythm and multi-channel, based on which we can extract multiple features for further processing. In EEG-based emotion recognition, it is important to investigate whether there exist some common features shared by different emotional states, and the specific features associated with each emotional state. However, such fundamental problem is ignored by most of the existing studies. To this end, we propose a Joint label-Common and label-Specific Features Exploration (JCSFE) model for semi-supervised cross-session EEG emotion recognition in this paper. To be specific, JCSFE imposes the $\ell _{\text {2,1}}$ -norm on the projection matrix to explore the label-common EEG features and simultaneously the $\ell _{{1}}$ -norm is used to explore the label-specific EEG features. Besides, a graph regularization term is introduced to enforce the data local invariance property, i.e., similar EEG samples are encouraged to have the same emotional state. Results obtained from the SEED-IV and SEED-V emotional data sets experimentally demonstrate that JCSFE not only achieves superior emotion recognition performance in comparison with the state-of-the-art models but also provides us with a quantitative method to identify the label-common and label-specific EEG features in emotion recognition.
Effects of HIV infection and/or malaria on maternal and neonatal health in a high‐prevalence setting

HIV infection and malaria have been associated with different complications during pregnancy and delivery. HIV‐positive pregnant women are at increased risk for all adverse outcomes of malaria during pregnancy. The main objective was to analyse the obstetric and perinatal consequences of malaria, HIV infection and HIV/malaria co‐infection in pregnant women and newborns, which has been less well evaluated.
Effects of Solutionizing and Aging Alteration on Tensile Behavior of Stir Cast LM4-Si3N4 Composites

The main concern of this research is to identify the effect of multistage solutionizing and artificial aging behaviour on tensile behavior of LM4 + Si3N4 (1, 2, and 3 wt.%) composites. A two-stage stir casting method was employed to produce composites, which minimized the necessity for a lengthy and high-temperature preheating treatment of reinforcement and resulted in homogeneous reinforcement distribution. Cast composites were subjected to single-stage and multistage solutionizing heat treatment (SSHT and MSHT) followed by aging at 100 and 200°C. Peak hardness of the LM4 and cast composites was noted during artificial aging. With the increase in wt. % of reinforcement, the hardness of the composites increased. Cast composites subjected to MSHT and aging at 100°C displayed maximum hardness when matched to other combinations. Compared to as-cast LM4 hardness (70 VHN), L3SN (with MSHT + aged at 100°C) composite attained 124% higher hardness (157 VHN). UTS values followed a similar trend, compared to as-cast LM4 UTS (149 MPa), L3SN (with MSHT + aged at 100°C) composite attained 54% higher UTS (230 MPa). Major reasons for the improvement in mechanical properties of heat-treated composites are due to the existence of hard Si3N4 particles and the formation of θ'-Al2Cu and θ"-Al3Cu (metastable) phases. From the fracture surface analysis of LM4 and L3SN composite, it was concluded that the type of fracture experienced by LM4 is of ductile nature and that of the composite is of mixed nature.
The Moderating Effect of Perceived Risk on Users’ Continuance Intention for FinTech Services

The study’s aim is to investigate how FinTech users’ perceived risk influences their continuance intention to use FinTech services. The new model, which was based on the Expectation Confirmation Model, was created to achieve the study’s aim. The Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model was used to investigate the proposed model and the relationship between the adopted constructs. The sample consists of 802 individual survey responses from northern India from April to June 2022. The proposed model explains 45.4% of the variance in the continuance intention of FinTech users, which is significantly influenced by perceived usefulness and satisfaction. Furthermore, perceived risk, as a moderator, significantly moderates continuance intention through satisfaction and satisfaction through confirmation. However, perceived risk was found to have an insignificant moderating effect on the relationship between perceived usefulness and satisfaction as well as perceived usefulness and continuance intention. The findings provide insights to FinTech service providers about the factors that influence users’ intent to continue using FinTech services.
Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions at a Rural-Based Tertiary Health-Care Center in Gujarat: An Eleven Year Study

Background: An adverse cutaneous drug reaction (ACDR) is an undesirable change in structure and function of the skin, its appendages, or mucous membranes due to drugs. Aims and Objectives: To study the demographic details, clinical patterns, mucocutaneous involvement, causality, and the offending drugs causing ACDR. Materials and Methods: In this observational study, we have seen 2,96,544 patients in the skin department at a rural-based tertiary health-care hospital, out of which 728 cases were diagnosed to have ACDR from a time span of April 2010 to March 2021. The causality assessment system WHO-UMC (World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring, the Uppsala Monitoring Centre), the Naranjo probability scale, and Hartwigs score were calculated for patients. Results: Out of 728 cases, males were 371 (50.96%); most common age group was 21–30 years (25.13%). The most common presenting complaint was erythematous rash (21.29%). Antimicrobials (n = 345, 47.39%) were the most common drug group. Most common mucosa involved was oral mucosa and most common pattern of reaction seen was maculopapular rash (25%) among these patients. In the causality assessment using WHO guidelines, there were 66 (9.1%) certain, 224 (30.83%) probable, and 436 (60%) possible cases. Naranjo score showed 73 (10%) definite cases, 255 (35%) probable cases, and 400 (55%) possible cases, while Hartwigs score showed level 2 in 122 (16.7%) cases and level 3 in 412 (56.7%) cases. Conclusion: Wide spectrum of drug reactions were observed in this study. Antimicrobials were the most common causative agents of ACDR.
Suitability of Multinutrient Extractants for Evaluation Of Available Soil Zinc for Tomato Nutrition Of Karnataka Soils

Pot experiment was conducted at University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, which received five treatments i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 kg ZnSO4/ha. Among all the treatments Recommended NPK + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg/ha recorded highest mean dry matter yields of tomato. The amount of zinc extracted by different extractants were in the following order as Mehlich-3 - Zn > 0.1 N HCl - Zn > AB-DTPA - Zn > 0.01 N EDTA - Zn > DTPA - Zn > 0.01 M EDTA + 1 N NH4OAc - Zn > 1 N NH4OAc (pH 4.6) - Zn > 1 N NH4OAc (pH 7) - Zn. Among the various extractants tried DTPA - Zn gave positive and higher significant correlation with Brays per cent Yield (r = 0.781). The next better extractants were Mehlich-3 (r = 0.726) and AB-DTPA (r = 0.576) which were also significantly positively correlated with Brays per cent yield. The critical limits of DTPA, Mehlich-3, AB-DTPA, tomato plant and tomato fruit by graphical method were 1.12, 2.15, 1.20, 34 and 58 mg/kg, respectively. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(4): 655-662, 2022 (December)
Influence of the marine engine load diagram characteristics on the ship propulsion system performance

In this study two four-stroke marine diesel engines, characterized by very similar nominal power and speed, but with very different trend of the power lint curve and specific fuel consumption contours in the engine load diagram, are compared by simulation, using each of them as an alternative to the other engine, for the motorization of a conventional (mechanical) propulsion plant for a small cruise ship. It is thus possible to determine and compare the efficiencies of the two engines and the vessel propulsion system overall performance for different ship speeds. The results of the comparisons are presented and discussed in the paper.
A genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for manganese(II), engineered from lanmodulin

Significance Virtually no chemical biology tools exist for real-time imaging of manganese(II) in cells. Such tools could help to understand how manganese functions in oxidative defense, photosynthesis, and other important biological processes, both when protein-bound as an enzyme cofactor and unbound in the labile manganese pool. Here we show that a recently discovered native lanthanide-binding protein can be re-engineered to respond to manganese with strong selectivity over the most important interfering metals in cells (magnesium, iron, and calcium). This genetically encoded fluorescent sensor reports manganese fluxes in bacterial cells in real time, laying the foundation for a new approach to studying manganese physiology. More broadly, it suggests general strategies for re-engineering non-native metal selectivity into proteins for wide-ranging applications.
An Enhanced EEG Microstate Recognition Framework Based on Deep Neural Networks: An Application to Parkinson's Disease

Variations in brain activity patterns reveal impairments of motor and cognitive functions in the human brain. Electroencephalogram (EEG) microstates embody brain activity patterns at a microscopic time scale. However, current microstate analysis method can only recognize less than 90% of EEG signals per subject, which severely limits the characterization of dynamic brain activity. As an application to early Parkinson's disease (PD), we propose an enhanced EEG microstate recognition framework based on deep neural networks, which yields recognition rates from 90% to 99%, as accompanied by a strong anti-artifact property. Additionally, gradient-weighted class activation mapping, as a visualization technique, is employed to locate the activated functional brain regions of each microstate class. We find that each microstate class corresponds to a particular activated brain region. Finally, based on the improved identification of microstate sequences, we explore the EEG microstate characteristics and their clinical associations. We show that the decreased occurrences of a particular microstate class reflect the degree of cognitive decline in early PD, and reduced transitions between certain microstates suggest injury in motor-related brain regions. The novel EEG microstate recognition framework paves the way to revealing more effective biomarkers for early PD.
Empirical likelihood for partially time-varying coefficient models with dependent observations

In this paper, we apply the empirical likelihood method to study the partially time-varying coefficient models with a random design and a fixed design under dependent assumptions. A nonparametric version of Wilks’ theorem is derived for the fixed-design case. For the random-design case, it is proved that the empirical log-likelihood ratio of the regression parameters admits a limiting distribution with a weighted sum of independent chi-squared distributions. In order that Wilks’ phenomenon holds, we propose an adjusted empirical log-likelihood (ADEL) ratio for the regression parameters. The ADEL is shown to have a standard chi-squared limiting distribution. Simulation studies are undertaken to indicate that the proposed methods work better than the normal approximation-based approach.
Photon-dominated regions around cool stars: The effects of the color temperature of the radiation field

We have investigated the influence of the color temperature of the illuminating radiation field on the chemical and thermal structure of photon-dominated regions (PDRs). We present the results of a study of the photoelectric efficiency of heating by large molecules such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and very small grains for radiation fields characterized by different effective temperatures. We show that the efficiency for cooler (T(sub eff) approximately = 6000-10,000 K) stars is at most an order of magnitude smaller than that for hotter (T(sub eff) approximately = 20,000-30,000 K) stars. While cooler radiation fields result in less ultraviolet photons capable of heating, the efficiency per absorbed photon is higher, because the grains become less positively charged. We also present detailed calculations of the chemistry and thermal balance for generic PDRs (n(sub 0) approximately = 10(exp 3), G(sub 0) approximately = 10(exp 3)). For cooler radiation fields, the H/H2 and C(+)/C/CO transition layers shift toward the surface of the PDR, because fewer photons are available to photodissociate H2 and CO and to ionize C. The dominant cooling lines are the (C II) 158 micron and the (O I) 63 micron lines for the hotter radiation fields, but cooling by CO becomes dominant for a color temperature of 6000 K or lower. The (C II)/CO and (O I)/CO ratios are found to be very good diagnostics for the color temperature of the radiation field.
Reflection and Refraction at a Random Moving Surface. I. Pattern and Paths of Specular Points

Light falling from a point source on a ruffled surface produces a pattern of images, which move about over the surface. The image points correspond to the maxima, minima, and saddle points of a certain function. It is shown that the images are generally created in pairs, a maximum with a saddle point or a minimum with a saddle point, and that the total numbers of maxima, minima, and saddle points satisfy the relation Nma+Nmi=Nsa+1.The process of creation or annihilation of images is studied in detail, and also the tracks of the image points, in certain special cases. It is shown that closed tracks may be common. This is confirmed by photography of the sea surface.
ON THE USE OF SINGULARITY EXPANSION METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF ANTENNAS IN CONDUCTING MEDIA

ABSTRACT The application of the singularity expansion method (SEM) to the analysis of antennas and electromagnetic scatterers has usually been applied to simple, isolated bodies in free space or to simple bodies near a perfectly conducting ground plane. Theoretical studies of SEM have been applied to these relatively simple geometries to yield significant insight into the radiation and scattering process. In analytically investigating the behavior or antennas in a lossy medium, it is known that in addition to simple pole singularities, there is a branch cut linking two branch points in the complex frequency representation of the antenna response. While significant information regarding the nature of the branch cut and its effect on the antenna response can be obtained by purely analytical methods, a numerical study of this antenna can provide useful results. This paper provides an analysis of the behavior of a linear antenna in a conducting region. Special attention is paid to the importance of the branch.
Structure and evolution of a severe squall line over Oklahoma

Abstract A squall line on 2 May 1979 developed in Oklahoma in proximity to a synoptic-scale cold front. This line is analyzed during its growth and mature periods using radar, satellite, sounding and surface data. Some of the cells produced hail, and many of the cell tops reached 16 km. However, there were no reports of tornadoes. Three main topics are addressed in the paper: 1) examination of squall line and cell propagation mechanisms; 2) the three-dimensional structure of the squall line and individual cells during the mature period and 3) mass and moisture fluxes and precipitation efficiency. Comparison is made between the 2 May case and other tropical and Midwest squall line cases. The 2 May case does not exhibit a “trailing stratiform” anvil during the period mechanism requiring veering environmental wind shear in the lowest levels; and 2) mechanism where the cell motion is eventually governed by the moisture convergence and lifting provided the convergence line. The motion of the squall line (defin.
Onset of Action of Selected Second-Generation Antipsychotics (Pines)–A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Recommendations for duration of treatment with antipsychotics before considering a switch vary from 2 to 8 weeks, although several studies suggest a rapid onset of action. The objective of this review was to estimate time to onset of action and time to maximum antipsychotic effect of asenapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and zotepine (pines). We searched bibliographic databases for randomized, placebo-controlled trials in adults with schizophrenia estimating the antipsychotic effect of pines over time. Thirty-five studies including 6331 patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia were included. We estimated the standardized mean differences (SMD) of changes in symptom score from baseline to follow-up between intervention and placebo groups across studies using meta-analysis techniques. The summarized effect across all included pines administered as immediate-release formulations showed a statistically significant effect at week 1 (SMD, −0.20 [CI95% −0.28, −0.13]), which increased until week 3 (SMD, −0.42 [CI95% −0.50, −0.34]), after which the effect leveled off (week 6: SMD, −0.53 [CI95% −0.62, −0.44]). The sensitivity analyses of the individual pines confirm this finding, although data sparsity increases variability and limits conclusiveness of these analyses.
Pointwise Equilibrating Polynomial Element for Nonlinear Analysis of Frames

A pointwise equilibrating polynomial (PEP) element is proposed for nonlinear analysis of frames in which each member can be modeled by one element in most cases. The formulation of the element is based on the imposition of compatibility conditions at end nodes as well as the satisfaction of equilibrium at midspan. The resulting expression for this new element is accurate in describing the force‐versus‐displacement relations at the element level, is simple, and it does not lead to a significant numerical truncating error in the computer analysis. Its implementation in a nonlinear analysis program is straightforward. The accuracy of the analysis results by the element was found to be considerably higher than its cubic counterpart in a number of well‐known examples. The limitation or inconvenience of the method of stability function such as the separation of the solution for tensile, compressive, and zero load cases is eliminated.
Worsened Anxiety and Loneliness Influenced Gaming and Gambling during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Aim: To study the prevalence and patterns of problematic gaming and gambling during the COVID-19 pandemic and the association with psychiatric traits and major types of anxiety categories. Method: 1067 young adults participated in both wave 3 (2018) and wave 4 (2021) of the SALVe Cohort. Associations with psychiatric symptoms and anxiety were examined using logistic regression and Chi-square tests. Results: Problematic gaming decreased by 1.3 percentage points to 23.2% since the start of the pandemic, while problematic gambling increased by 0.9 percentage points to 6.5% in w4. Average time spent playing video games/day decreased from 2.2 h (w3) to 1.7 h (w4), while increases in gaming activity were associated with worsened feelings of loneliness (p = 0.002), depression (p < 0.001), and anxiety (p < 0.01) during the pandemic. Predictors for problematic gaming at w4 were previous problematic gaming and social anxiety (p = < 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Moreover, previous problem gambling also predicted problem gambling at w4 p < 0.001. All anxiety categories were associated with both problematic gaming and gambling when adjusted for age and sex. However, after adjusting for depression and insomnia, social anxiety was associated with problematic gaming (p < 0.001), while panic was associated with problem gambling (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, problematic gaming has decreased since the start of the pandemic, while problem gambling has increased. Worsened feelings of loneliness, depression, and anxiety during the pandemic are associated with increased gaming. Moreover, the association between problematic gaming and gambling and anxiety is independent of depression and sleep problems.