Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lichens from Arsuk and Paamiut – Frederikshåb, South West Greenland

A total of 263 taxa of lichens are reported from two localities in South West Greenland. Peltigera britannica and Porpidia thomsonii are reported as new to West Greenland. 4 lichens are new to South West Greenland, viz. Bacidia bagliettoana, Baeomyces carneus, Caloplaca psoricida and Rhizocarpon subareolatum. A new taxon, Lecanora swartzii ssp. soralifera, is described. Geology, climate and vegetation of the localities are briefly treated. Kokkuvote: Arsuki ja Paamiuti (Edela-Groonimaa) samblikud. Teatatakse 263 samblikutaksoni leidmisest Edela-Groonimaalt. Peltigera britannica ja Porpidia thomsonii on uued laanepoolsele Groonimale. Bacidia bagliettoana, Baeomyces carneus, Caloplaca psoricida ja Rhizocarpon subareolatum on uued Edela-Groonimaale. Kirjeldatakse uus alamliik Lecanora swartzii ssp. soralifera. Luhidalt tutvustatakse leiukohtade geoloogiat, kliimat ja taimestikku.
Human Leukocyte Antigen B*27-Negative Spondyloarthritis: Clinical, Serological, and Radiological Features of a Single-Center Cohort

The strong genetic association between HLA-B*27 and spondyloarthritis (SpA) accounts for about 90% of the susceptibility to axial SpA (axSpA), and the presence of HLA-B*27 is helpful in classifying patients according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) classification criteria. However, over the years, other HLA-B alleles have been associated with an increased risk of developing SpA; on this basis, the aim of our study was to describe the demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of a cohort of SpA patients who were negative for HLA-B*27. We identified 85 patients with a clinical diagnosis of SpA displaying HLA-B alleles other than HLA-B*27; HLA-B*51 emerged as the most prevalent allele (N = 33, 39%), regardless of the fulfilment of either the axial or the peripheral ASAS criteria. The second most prevalent allele in the full cohort (N = 16, 19%) and in the patients fulfilling either the axial or the peripheral criteria was HLA-B*35. The third most prevalent allele in the full cohort was HLA-B*18 (N = 12, 15%), which was also the second most prevalent allele in the patients fulfilling neither of the two sets of criteria. Overall, the clinical picture was similar across the subgroups fulfilling the different sets of ASAS criteria; however, the patients not fulfilling any ASAS criteria had a higher likelihood of having arthritis compared to the patients fulfilling the axial criteria, whereas the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index was significantly higher in those patients fulfilling the axial criteria compared to those who did not fulfill any criteria. Our results indicate that other HLA alleles, beyond HLA-B*27, could be useful in facilitating SpA diagnosis, particularly in patients with a clinical picture which is consistent with SpA but does not fulfill the ASAS classification criteria.
The Effect of Work, Family Conflict, and Work Shifts on the Performance of Midwives with Work Stress as Intervening Variables

Introduction: In hospitals, the most dominant human resources are health workers, especially female midwives who are married and have children. Midwives with these two roles will sometimes experience negative effects, commonly known as work-family conflicts. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the impact of work-family conflict, shift work, and work stress as intervening variables on midwives' performance in Class D General Hospital Pratama Pangkep. Method: The method used is quantitative analysis through a cross-sectional approach. A total of 53 people was the population while a sample of 38 female midwives was taken according to the inclusion criteria. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire, while data analysis was carried out using path analysis. Result: According to the study's findings, work stress and performance were correlated (p = 0.000), as were work-family conflict and stress at work (p = 0.000), shift work and stress at work (p = 0.000), work-family conflict and performance through work stress (p = 0.004), and shift work and stress at work (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of the path analysis conducted, it was found that there is a direct effect between work stress on performance, there is a direct effect between work-family conflict and work shifts on work stress.
Seasonal and nutritional changes in the short form of the leptin receptor expression and VEGF system in the choroid plexus, arcuate nucleus, and anterior pituitary in MTS-leptin and resistin-treated sheep

The short form of the leptin receptor (LeptRa) plays a key role in the transport of leptin to the central nervous system (CNS). Here, MTS-leptin and recombinant ovine (ro) leptin-mediated expression of LeptRa and VEGFA and VEGFR2 concentration in selected hypothalamic nuclei, choroid plexus (ChP), and anterior pituitary (AP) were analyzed considering the photoperiod and acute-fasting (experiment 1), and nutritional status (experiment 2) of ewes. In experiment 1, 60 sheep were fed normally or fasted for 72 h and received one injection of saline, MTS-leptin, or roleptin 1 h prior to euthanasia. LeptRa mRNA transcript levels and VEGF system protein concentrations were detected in the ARC, ChP predominantly in the SD, and AP for the LD without detection of LeptRa in the POA and VMH/DMH. In experiment 2, an altered diet for 5 months created lean or fat sheep. Twenty sheep were divided into four groups: the lean and fat groups were given saline, while the lean-R and fat-R groups received resistin 1 h prior to euthanasia. Changes in adiposity influenced the lowering effect of resistin on the expression of LeptRa and VEGF system protein concentrations. Overall, both photoperiodic and nutritional signals influence the effects of MTS-leptin/roleptin and resistin-mediated leptin transport to the CNS via LeptRa. Resistin seems to be another adipokine involved in the adaptive/pathological phenomenon of leptin resistance in sheep.
Bacterially Induced Lithification of Microbial Mats

Below the photic zone within live microbial mats from tidal flats, the cyanobacteria are dead and bacteria are the dominant living biota. Field data indicate that precipitation of calcium carbonate occurs predominantly within the mats in the aphotic zone. In order to determine whether bacteria could be responsible for inducing the precipitation of calcium carbonate within the microbial mats, live microbial mats and bacteria were collected from modern tidal flats. Over 50 experiments were set up in the laboratory in which live, naturally dead, and sterilized (autoclaved) dead filamentous cyanobacteria were inoculated with bacterial cultures
Killer instincts: natural killer cells as multifactorial cancer immunotherapy

Natural killer (NK) cells integrate heterogeneous signals for activation and inhibition using germline-encoded receptors. These receptors are stochastically co-expressed, and their concurrent engagement and signaling can adjust the sensitivity of individual cells to putative targets. Against cancers, which mutate and evolve under therapeutic and immunologic pressure, the diversity for recognition provided by NK cells may be key to comprehensive cancer control. NK cells are already being trialled as adoptive cell therapy and targets for immunotherapeutic agents. However, strategies to leverage their naturally occurring diversity and agility have not yet been developed. In this review, we discuss the receptors and signaling pathways through which signals for activation or inhibition are generated in NK cells, focusing on their roles in cancer and potential as targets for immunotherapies. Finally, we consider the impacts of receptor co-expression and the potential to engage multiple pathways of NK cell reactivity to maximize the scope and strength of antitumor activities.
Data report: permeability, compressibility, stress state, and grain size of shallow sediments from Sites C0004, C0006, C0007, and C0008 of the Nankai accretionary complex 1

Constant-rate-of-strain consolidation experiments and grain-size analyses are used to characterize the flow and deformation behavior and grain-size distribution of vertically and horizontally oriented specimens from 0 to 100 meters below seafloor at Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 316 Sites C0004 and C0006–C0008. Interpreted in situ permeability was generally 1. Grain-size characterization by settling analysis documented that these shallow sediments are dominated by silt and/or clay, with median grain sizes ranging from 0.003 to 0.026 mm, excluding one sand-rich specimen.
The nature of insoluble organic matter in Sutter's Mill and Murchison carbonaceous chondrites: Testing the effect of x‐ray computed tomography and exploring parent body organic molecular evolution

This study analyzed samples of the Murchison and Sutter's Mill carbonaceous chondrite meteorites in support of the future analysis of samples returned from the asteroid (10155) Bennu by the OSIRIS‐REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer) mission. Focusing specifically on the insoluble organic matter (IOM), this study establishes that a total of 1.3 g of bulk sample from a single chondritic meteorite are sufficient to obtain a wide range of cosmochemical information, including light element analysis (H, C, and N), isotopic analysis (D/H, 13C/12C, and 15N/14N), and x‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy for major elemental abundances. IOM isolated from the bulk meteorite samples was analyzed by light element and isotopic analysis as described above, 1H and 13C solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and complete noble gas analyses (abundances and isotopes). The samples studied included a pair from Murchison (CM2), one of which had been irradiated with high‐energy x‐rays in the course of computed tomographic imaging. No differences between the irradiated and non‐irradiated Murchison samples were observed in the many different chemical and spectroscopic analyses, indicating that any x‐ray–derived sample damage is below levels of detection. Elemental, isotopic, and molecular spectroscopic data derived from IOM isolated from the Sutter's Mill sample reveals evidence that this meteorite falls into the class of heated CM chondrites.
Prediction of tropical cyclone over North Indian Ocean using WRF model: sensitivity to scatterometer winds, ATOVS and ATMS radiances

Tropical cyclone prediction, in terms of intensification and movement, is important for disaster management and mitigation. Hitherto, research studies were focused on this issue that lead to improvement in numerical models, initial data with data assimilation, physical parameterizations and application of ensemble prediction. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is the state-of-art model for cyclone prediction. In the present study, prediction of tropical cyclone (Phailin, 2013) that formed in the North Indian Ocean (NIO) with and without data assimilation using WRF model has been made to assess impacts of data assimilation. WRF model was designed to have nested two domains of 15 and 5 km resolutions. In the present study, numerical experiments are made without and with the assimilation of scatterometer winds, and radiances from ATOVS and ATMS. The model performance was assessed in respect to the movement and intensification of cyclone. ATOVS data assimilation experiment had produced the best prediction with least errors less than 100 km up to 60 hours and producing pre-deepening and deepening periods accurately. The Control and SCAT wind assimilation experiments have shown good track but the errors were 150-200 km and gradual deepening from the beginning itself instead of sudden deepening.
Multi‐Objective Ensemble‐Processing Strategies to Optimize the Simulation of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High in Boreal Summer

The western North Pacific Subtropical High (WNPSH) in boreal summer is a major atmospheric player affecting East Asian climate, but its simulation in state‐of‐the‐art climate models is still largely biased. Here we use a multi‐objective optimization strategy, the Pareto optimality, to incorporate multiple physical constraints in processing multi‐model simulations provided by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6. We aim to improve the simulation of WNPSH by this practice. Sea surface temperatures from three tropical oceanic basins are found highly related to WNPSH, and thus used as constraints. We also present an ameliorated strategy, which takes a subset of the raw Pareto optimality by imposing conditions of smallest errors. Results show that the overestimate of WNPSH is effectively corrected. The two multi‐objective optimization schemes both perform better than the traditional approach, revealing the importance of implementing physically based links in processing multi‐model ensemble simulations.
Cadets’ Cognitive Independence as a Leading Factor of their Successful Training

The key indicators of personal achievements and professional accomplishments, in particular, education, effective communication skills, self-esteem, and worldview, and the appropriate degree of professionally significant qualities are often formed and developed based on a high level of cognitive independence. Given this, the cognitive independence of a personality can determine the vector of his or her successful actualization in the course of education and professional activities. The article aims to study the manifestation of the indicators of cognitive independence in cadets and their relationship with academic performance. The empirical research involved 132 fourth-year cadets of the National Academy of Internal Affairs (Kyiv). The cadets’ cognitive indicators were assessed by the expert group consisting of the research and educational personnel of the National Academy of Internal Affairs (12 people). The cadets’ cognitive independence results were determined by four main components: motivational, activity, psychological, and ideological. It has been found that cadets’ cognitive activity is in direct correlation with their gnostic abilities, which determine the quality, speed, and effectiveness of their cognitive independence. The research has found that the cognitive independence of future specialists is reflected in their further personal and professional self-actualization and manifests itself at three levels: professional self-determination (training in the chosen specialty), individual development, and personal formation. It has been stated that cadets generally demonstrate a sufficient level of readiness for cognitive independence during their educational activities. Given this, there is a need to create a favorable educational environment for the development of cadets’ cognitive independence, which in the future can be reflected in the positive indicators of their education and professional activities.
Breaking Barriers in Academic Writing

This study explores Chat AI, specifically Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), among international TESOL students to enhance academic writing. The research addresses the complexity of academic writing for TESOL students and the potential of Chat AI as a promising tool by investigating perceptions, experiences, and impacts. Previous studies note positive outcomes like increased motivation and creativity but also identify limitations, including occasional inaccuracies. Using purposive sampling, this qualitative study involves five international TESOL students with Chat AI experience. Semi-structured interviews, lasting 15-30 minutes, are conducted in person or through video conferencing, recorded, transcribed, and anonymized for thematic analysis. Findings reveal positive perceptions of Chat AI, highlighting convenience, accessibility, and prompt feedback. Despite benefits in idea generation, vocabulary improvement, and template provision, limitations include occasional inaccuracies and plagiarism concerns. Despite drawbacks, Chat AI is seen as valuable for writing proficiency. International TESOL students view Chat AI positively, appreciating its functionalities. Suggestions include incorporating correct references to address plagiarism concerns and establishing responsible usage guidelines. Continued research is recommended for a comprehensive understanding and broader insights from teachers.
The Optimal Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Heart Failure in the Emergency Department

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute heart failure (AHF) are two closely interrelated conditions that frequently coexist in a manifold manner, with AF serving either as the causative factor or as the consequence or even as an innocent bystander. The interplay between these two clinical conditions is complex, given that they share common pathophysiological pathways and they can reciprocally exacerbate each other, thus triggering a vicious cycle that worsens the prognosis and increases the thromboembolic risk. The optimal management of AF in the context of AHF in the emergency department remains a challenge depending on the time onset, as well as the nature and the severity of the associated symptoms. Acute rate control, along with early rhythm control, when indicated, and anticoagulation represent the main pillars of the therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the pathophysiological link between AF and AHF and accordingly present a stepwise algorithmic approach for the management of AF in AHF patients in the emergency setting.
Strategies for managing weeds in a wheat, red clover, vegetable crop rotation transitioning to organic production

Weed management is one of the biggest challenges faced by organic farmers. We investigated the use of two weed control strategies, critical period (CP) of competition and no seed threshold (NST), and the effect of soil amendments for farmers transitioning from conventional to organic production. Field experiments were conducted at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster, OH. In 2001, a 4-year rotation of wheat, clover, cabbage, and processing tomato was established in soil previously in a conventional corn/soybean/forage agronomic rotation. The experimental design was a split plot in a randomized complete block with 4 replications. Main plots were soil amendments (none, raw dairy manure, composted dairy manure). Amendments were applied in spring at the rate equivalent of 101 kg N/ha and incorporated prior to planting. Subplots were weed control strategies; NST, where seedling weeds were removed weekly for the whole season and no weeds permitted to mature seeds in the field, and CP, where plots were kept weed-free for the first 5 weeks of crop growth. Evaluations included emerged weed communities both in the field and seedbank. Time taken to hand-weed was documented and labor cost of using CP and NST weed management strategies calculated. Yield of tomato and cabbage were recorded. The NST reduced redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and commom lambsquarters ii iii (Chenopodium album L.) by 30 62% and 22 60% respectively in the rotational crops. This was corroborated by weed seed data from soil samples taken in the spring following use of CP and NST strategies the previous year. Some significant effects (P ≤ 0.05) were noted among the soil amendment on density of redroot pigweed and common lambsquarters, though no clear trends were observed. Achieving the NST required 33 to 92 % more labor than did the CP. However, the cost of labor required for the NST was not greater than weed control costs typically experienced by organic farmers. In a greenhouse experiment, growth and seed production of redroot pigweed was reduced in field soil amended with livestock manure. Growth and seed production of the weed was greater in soils amended with compost. Rates of manure and compost were equivalent to 2x and 3x those applied to tomato and cabbage in the field experiments. Dedicated to Sango, Tumaini, and Rehema for your patience and understanding.
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) can beat the heat during summer drought in southeast Australian dairying regions

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the major sown pasture species in southeast Australian dairying regions. Ryegrass is not only intolerant of soil moisture deficits, but heat waves, which increasingly present a challenge to summer home-grown feed production. To address this challenge, a screening experiment was undertaken to identify temperate perennial forage species, better adapted to combined heat wave stress and soil moisture deficits. Responses of ten perennial forages to optimal and heat wave temperature regimes (day/ night ambient temperatures of 23/15˚C and 38/26˚C) were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The effect of moisture availability (optimal watering or no water) and the recovery capacity of plants grown in optimal conditions (day/night ambient temperature regime of 23/16˚C; optimal watering) for 18 d after stress periods ceased, were also examined. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L., cv. Grasslands Puna) had a superior tolerance to heat stress and moisture deficit compared with ryegrass cv. Samson. Chicory not only maintained live above-ground tissue after exposure to the combined stress for 18 d, but increased in yield by 46% during the recovery period. In contrast at 12 d, live tissue was not detectable in the ryegrass, with yield measurements indicating plants unable to recover. Results suggest that under dryland conditions, chicory may enable a greater level of home-grown feed production to resume following an extended heat wave, than possible with ryegrass.
When is it good to feel bad? How sadness and fear differ in their effects on routine development

Introduction This study follows recent calls to explore the emotional foundations of routine development. Routine development forms a nexus between stability and change and is thus crucial for studying organizational decision-making and organizational change. Individuals and teams going through organizational change often experience sadness and fear. Methods We conducted a laboratory experiment with 84 teams to study the effect of sadness and fear on routine development. Results and discussion In the sadness condition, we observed positive effects on repetitiveness, speed, reliability, and attentiveness in action. Teams experiencing fear reacted better to ‘performance traps’ in which pre-established routines are ineffective. Our findings show how the behaviors elicited by sadness and fear might ultimately affect team behavior, and therefore managerial practices.
The Rock Art of Mara Region, Tanzania

Tanzania contains the largest concentration of known rock art in eastern and central Africa. Nonetheless, much more research is needed and there are still many gaps in our knowledge of the rock art of Tanzania. In 2002, the Mara Region Archaeological Reconnaissance Project (MRARP) recorded nine rock art sites composed of fourteen painted rock shelters and overhangs in three districts of the Mara Region of northern Tanzania. This paper reports and describes the rock art sites and paintings and the information obtained from informants about their historical uses and associations.