Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Existence of gelatinases in Kilakarisal sheep of Tamil Nadu

This study was carried out to identify the presence of gelatinases viz MMP-2 and MMP-9 in serum of Kilakarisal sheep, a native sheep breed of Tamil Nadu. Four adult male and female native sheep breed Kilakarisal sheep was selected. On gelatin zymogram reveals that the presence of four prominent bands at 220, 92 kDa of MMP-9 and 72 and 62 kDa of MMP-2 were clearly observed for all the animals. All the four forms of MMP are proteolytically active, completely degraded the gelatin. Both latent forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were exhibited and the latent bands were observed as thicker bands than the active form. The intensity of 62 kDa of MMP-2 was 2-4 times higher than 82 kDa of MMP-9. The level of expression of 72 kDa of MMP-2 was constant as compared to 92 kDa of MMP-9. In all the groups, 220 homodimer or MMP-9 was also observed. Further, in Kilakarisal sheep showed maximum gelatinolytic activity as compared to marker by showing more intensity in 62 kDa of MMP-2. In addition, the 82 kDa of MMP-9 was also observed. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in both the sexes. But Further, there is more up regulation of MMP-2 mediated through MMP-9 activity observed in all animals. It was inferred that the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were to be correlated with physiological and reproductive status of individual animal since MMP played extensive role in tissue remodeling and extra cellular degradation.
Bio-efficacy of different insecticides against leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) on sunflower

The present field experiment were conducted to evaluate “Bio-efficacy of different insecticides against leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) on sunflower” under field condition during rabi season of 2017 at research farm of Oilseed Research Station, Latur, Maharashtra, India. The observations on total number of leafhoppers were recorded on top, middle and bottom leaves of five randomly selected plants from each treatment at one day before and 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after first and second application of insecticides. The treatments of different insecticides viz., thiamethoxam 0.005 per cent, imidacloprid 0.00356 per cent, spiromesifen 0.02748 per cent, flonicamide 0.02 per cent, profenophos 0.1 per cent and triazophos 0.08 per cent were evaluated against leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula revealed that imidacloprid 0.00356 per cent was found most effective treatment in reducing the population of leafhopper (1.07 and 0.73 leafhoppers per 6 leaves) followed by thiamethoxam 0.005 per cent. Significantly higher seed yield (2450 kg/ha) of sunflower was recorded in treatment imidacloprid 0.00356 per cent however, it was found at par with treatment thiamethoxam 0.005 per cent (2264 kg/ha). The highest ICBR (1:20.42) was recorded with treatment imidacloprid which was followed by thiamethoxam 0.02 per cent (1:17.32).
Structural impact of GTP binding on downstream KRAS signaling†

Oncogenic RAS proteins, involved in ∼30% of human tumors, are molecular switches of various signal transduction pathways. Here we apply a new protocol for the NMR study of KRAS in its (inactive) GDP- and (activated) GTP-bound form, allowing a comprehensive analysis of the backbone dynamics of its WT-, G12C- and G12D variants. We found that Tyr32 shows opposite mobility with respect to the backbone of its surroundings: it is more flexible in the GDP-bound form while more rigid in GTP-complexes (especially in WT- and G12D-GTP). Using the G12C/Y32F double mutant, we showed that the presence of the hydroxyl group of Tyr32 has a marked effect on the G12C-KRAS-GTP system as well. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that Tyr32 is linked to the γ-phosphate of GTP in the activated states – an arrangement shown, using QM/MM calculations, to support catalysis. Anchoring Tyr32 to the γ-phosphate contributes to the capture of the catalytic waters participating in the intrinsic hydrolysis of GTP and supports a simultaneous triple proton transfer step (catalytic water → assisting water → Tyr32 → O1G of the γ-phosphate) leading to straightforward product formation. The coupled flip of negatively charged residues of switch I toward the inside of the effector binding pocket potentiates ligand recognition, while positioning of Thr35 to enter the coordination sphere of the Mg2+ widens the pocket. Position 12 mutations do not disturb the capture of Tyr32 by the γ-phosphate, but (partially) displace Gln61, which opens up the catalytic pocket and destabilizes catalytic water molecules thus impairing intrinsic hydrolysis.
Functional analysis of a putative master regulator of plant development, the Translationally-Controlled Tumour Protein

The plant body plan and primary organs are established during embryogenesis. However, in contrast to animals, plants have the ability to generate new organs throughout their whole life. These give them an extraordinary developmental plasticity to modulate their size and architecture according to environmental constraints and opportunities. How this plasticity is regulated at the whole-organism level is elusive. Here we provide evidence for a role for translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP) in regulating the iterative formation of lateral roots in Arabidopsis. AtTCTP1 modulates root system architecture through a dual function: as a general constitutive growth promoter enhancing root elongation and as a systemic signalling agent via mobility in the vasculature. AtTCTP1 encodes mRNAs with long-distance mobility between the shoot and roots. Mobile shoot-derived TCTP1 gene products act specifically to enhance the frequency of lateral root initiation and emergence sites along the primary root pericycle, while root elongation is controlled by local constitutive TCTP1 expression and scion size. These findings uncover a novel type for an integrative signal in the control of lateral root initiation and the compromise for roots between branching more profusely or elongating further. They also provide the first evidence in plants of an extracellular function of the vital, highly expressed ubiquitous TCTP1.
Effect of Addition of Nano-TiO2, Nano-SiO2, and a Combination of Both, on Antimicrobial Activity of an Orthodontic Composite.

AIM This study aimed to assess the effect of addition of nano-titanium oxide (nano-TiO2), nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2), and a combination of both, on antimicrobial activity of an orthodontic composite. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molds measuring 0.64 × 0.5 mm were used for the fabrication of composite disks. For this purpose, 0.5% and 1% nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2, and a combination of both (0.5% nano-TiO2 and 0.5% nano-SiO2), were mixed with Transbond XT composite (3M Unitek). A total of 180 composite disks were fabricated for eluted component, disk agar diffusion (DAD), and biofilm inhibition tests. The colony counts of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis), and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and the diameters of growth inhibition zones were measured at 3, 15, and 30 days after exposure to the materials. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and a post hoc test. RESULTS None of the nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2 concentrations had any significant effect on the growth inhibition zone. All tested concentrations of nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2 decreased the colony count of all bacteria. The composite sample containing both nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2 had the greatest efficacy for reduction of S. mutans and S. sanguinis colony counts at all three time points. Also, 1% nano-TiO2 and 1% nano-SiO2 had similar effects on L. acidophilus in eluted component test. CONCLUSION Addition of TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles conferred antimicrobial property to the tested orthodontic composite. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Using orthodontic composite containing nonoparticles with antibacterial activity may prevent dental caries.
Seedling bulk test (mass screening) of fifty wheat genotypes against Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Hemiptera)

Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), (Hemiptera: Aphididae), causes heavy losses to wheat crop by directly sucking the cell sap of the plant, and indirectly, by transmitting viral diseases such as barley yellow dwarf virus. Screening of fifty wheat genotypes against S. graminum was conducted in the Entomology laboratory of Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab-Peshawar, Pakistan. These genotypes were ranked resistance/susceptible at resistance rating scale (0-6) on the basis of mean number of S. graminum per seedling where '0' shows Immunity (I); 1, highly resistant (HR); 2, moderately resistant (MR); 3, lowly resistant (LR); 4, lowly susceptible (LS); 5, moderately susceptible (MS); and 6, highly susceptible (HS). Twelve genotypes were found highly resistant, twelve were moderately resistant while ten were lowly resistant. Ten genotypes were ranked as lowly susceptible, two were moderately susceptible while four genotypes were highly susceptible. This study provided preliminary information on the resistance/susceptibility status of tested genotypes against this aphid.
A systematic assessment of some barbs from Tripura based on morpho-meristic tools

In the present study, four genus of barb fishes comprising of six species i.e., Puntius chola, P. sophore, Pethia conchonius, P. ticto, Barbus gonionotus and Systomus sarana were studied which were collected from Tripura state of India. The similarity in morphological features and colour pattern some time makes taxonomic identification of this genus difficult. Considering these facts, the present study was carried out for the systematic study of this group in Tripura by morphological methods i.e. by morphometric and meristic study. In this study, most of the meristic characters were found to be overlapping. However, some characters like pectoral fin ray, pelvic fin ray and circumpendicular scales could be taken for the separation of P. conchonius (i/17-18), B. gonionotus (i/6-7) and S. sarana (15-17) respectively from rest of the species. The discriminant function analysis (DFA) of the morphometric data showed that body depth (Root value: 0.655), anal fin base length (Root value: 0.4211) and dorsal fin base length (Root value: 0.236) were the characters of Root 1 that separated P. ticto and P. conchonicus from others while the characters like distance between pectoral-pelvic fin (Root value: 0.406), pelvic fin length (Root value: 0.201) and pre pelvic length (Root value: 0.151) of Root 2separated S. sarana from P. sophore. Characters like inter-orbital length (Root value: 0.474) and dorsal fin base length (Root value: 0.442) of Root 3 differentiated B. gonionotus from the other species. However, DFA could not separate P. conchonius and P. ticto.
Floristic study of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Island, Philippines

Abstract. De Castro ME, Carandang VI JS, Agoo EM. 2020. Floristic study of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3769-3779. A study was done to assess the floristic composition of an ultramafic formation in Sitio Magarwak, Barangay Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City Palawan. A total of 52 trees and shrubs representing 30 families and 48 genera was recorded in the overstorey while the ground cover was dominated by 10 species mostly from families Poaceae and Zingiberaceae. The most dominant tree species include Dillenia monantha Merr. , Xanthostemon speciosus Merr. and Schima wallichii ssp. oblata (Roxb.) Kurz. with Important Value Indices (IVIs) of 15.96%, 15.71%, and 14.20%, respectively. Level of endemicity was considerably high with 21 species classified as indigenous, 11 of which have their population restricted only on the island of Palawan. However, most of these endemics are now under threat based on the Updated List of Threatened Philippine Plants and their Categories (DAO No 2017-11) and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (2020-1). Two species are classified as ˈcritically endangeredˈ (Olea palawanensis Kiew and Guioa palawanica Welzen) while the two are ‘endangered’ (Kibatalia stenopetala Merr. and Nepenthes philippinensis Macfarl.). Findings from this study suggest that appropriate conservation measures must be put in place to ensure protection of the native flora’s remaining population from further destruction.
Optical Coherence Tomography Parameters Related to Vision Impairment in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema: A Quantitative Correlation Analysis

Purpose To quantitatively explore the correlation between optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters and vision impairment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods This study was a retrospective observational case series. One-hundred eyes from 66 patients with DME were retrospectively included. OCT parameters, including central macular thickness (CMT), height of intraretinal cystoid, subretinal fluid and sponge-like retinal swelling, density of hyperreflective foci (HRF), and integrity of the ellipsoidal zone (EZ), were assessed. Correlation analyses and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to quantitatively explore the relationship between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT parameters. Results Among all OCT parameters, CMT, height of intraretinal cystoid, height of sponge-like retinal swelling, and density of HRF and EZ integrity were significantly correlated with BCVA (r = −0.550, −0.526, −0.411, −0.277, and −0.501, respectively; P < 0.01). In multiple linear regression analysis, CMT, density of HRF, and EZ integrity fit a significant linear equation (β = 0.482, 0.184, and 0.447, respectively), with the adjusted R square reaching 0.522 (P < 0.001). In eyes without SRF, the height of intraretinal cystoid, density of HRF, and EZ integrity were included in the model and an adjusted R square of 0.605 (P < 0.001) was obtained. Conclusion In DME eyes, OCT parameters, including the density of HRF, the EZ integrity together with CMT, or the height of intraretinal cystoid, could explain 52.2% to 60.5% of the variation in BCVA and were weighted approximately 2 : 1 : 2, respectively.
Biflavonoid toxicarine, rotenoids and a flavanone from the roots of Tephrosia toxicaria

For the first time the structural determination of the biflavonoid, 4-H-2,3-dihydro-1-benzopyran-4-one-6-[2-phenyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-H-3,4-dihydro-1-benzopiran-4-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2-phenyl, named toxicarine ( 1 ) is presented, joined the isolation of the flavanone 7-O-methylglabranine ( 2 ) and a mixture of the rotenoids tephrosin ( 3 ) and rotenolone ( 4 ) from the roots of Tephrosia toxicaria (Sw.) Pers. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, meanly spectral data obtained by analysis of 1 H and 13 C NMR (1D and 2D) spectra.
Risk evaluation in information systems using continuous and discrete distribution laws

: The paper construct continuous and discrete distribution laws, used to assess risks in information systems. Generalized expressions for continuous distribution laws with maximum entropy are obtained. It is shown that, in the general case, the entropy also depends on the type of moments used to determine the numerical characteristics of the distribution law. Also, probabilistic model have been developed to analyze the sequence of independent trials with three outcomes. Expressions for their basic numerical characteristics are obtained, as well as for calculating the probabilities of occurrence of the corresponding events
Automatic Multilingual Code-Switching Speech Recognition

- In this study, an efficient yet accurate end-to-end multilingual Code-Switching Speech Recognition model has developed, allowing direct conversion of raw speech audio signals into text of multiple languages. This single system for multiple language aims to eliminate the use of each model for a language, in order to increase the ability to share features between languages, minimize the latency of hybrid systems and it can be extended to other objects. Unlike the single-language Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model that uses coding of characters or words, the multilingual model applies the same encoding to all languages. However, the vocabulary is encoded into a numerical dictionary and partitioned for each language. The single end-to-end system is designed to directly convert multi-lingual raw audio to dictionary of Unicode numbers of words of languages, which is mapped 1:1 into text of the corresponding language. This method allows to expand to an unlimited number of languages, furthermore, it identifies languages automatically
CHANGES ON PHENOLIC COMPOUND CONTENTS UNDER DIFFERENT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS OF BLUEBERRIES

Current trends in agriculture involve the use of farming practices conditions aimed at improving the fruit nutritionalvalue by directly affecting the content of antioxidants. Chile is the second-largest blueberry-producing country in the world, andthe biggest exporting country in the South hemisphere. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate if production systems(organic and conventional) in two consecutive seasons and two different agro-climatic zones (Andean foothill and Central Valley)have differences in the concentration of the main polyphenol and anthocyanin compounds, and antioxidant capacity, in threeblueberry cultivars (‘Brigitta’, ‘Duke’ and ‘Legacy’) grown in andisol soils. The cultivars Legacy and Duke presented the greatestcontent of polyphenols and the highest antioxidant capacity, as well as important antioxidant compounds. Similarly, bothpolyphenol contents and antioxidant capacity reached superior values in organically grown blueberries, which means that thisproduction system represents an important aspect to take into account. These results support an expansion of organic farming asstrategy for the achievement on fruits quality in this kind of soils.
Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier

Gasification of biomass in fixed bed gasifiers is a well-known technology, with its origins dating back to the beginning of 20th century. It is a technology with good prospects, in terms of small scale, decentralized power co-generation. However, the understanding of the process is still not fully developed. Therefore, assessment of the changes in the design of a gasifier is typically performed with extensive prototyping stage, thus introducing significant cost. This study presents experimental results of gasification of a single pellet and bed of particles of raw and torrefied wood. The procedure can be used for obtaining design parameters of a fixed bed gasifier. Results of two suits of experiments, namely pyrolysis and CO2 gasification are presented. Moreover, results of pyrolysis of pellets are compared against a numerical model, developed for thermally thick particles. Pyrolysis time, predicted by model, was in good agreement with experimental results, despite some differences in the time when half of the initial mass was converted. Conversion times for CO2 gasification were much longer, despite higher temperature of the process, indicating importance of the reduction reactions. Overall, the obtained results could be helpful in developing a complete model of gasification of thermally thick particles in a fixed bed.
Clinicohaemato-biochemical alterations in rats exposed to Datura stramonium seed toxicity

For this study, 63 rats of either sex, aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into three groups comprising 21 animals in each. The animals of group I provided distilled water and served as control, group II and group III were provided Datura stramonium seed extract @ 1000 and @ 2000 mg/ kg body weight orally, respectively for 90 days. All the rats of both groups showed clinical symptoms of depression, reduced appetite, and dilatation of pupils (mydriasis), increased thirst, restlessness and excitation for a longer period. The values of Hb and PCV significantly decreased on day 30, 60 and 90 in group-III and on day 90 in group-II. TEC were significantly decreased at all intervals in group-III and 60th and 90th day in group-II. The TLC values showed highly significant leucopenia on 30, 60 and 90 day post feeding in rats of group-III and 60th and 90th days in group-II. There was highly significant neutrophilia at 30th, 60th and 90th day in the rats of group-III and on 60th and 90th day of the experimentation period in the rats of group-II. There was highly significant lymphocytopenia at 30th, 60th and 90th days of experimentation in the rats of group-III and on 90th day of experimentation in the rats of group-II. The value of AST, bilirubin, urea, cholesterol and catalase significantly increased in rats of group-II on day 90 and in the rats of group-III on day 60 and 90. The plasma uric acid revealed highly significant increase in the mean value on day 90 in rats of group-II and III. The value of plasma creatinine and alkaline phosphatase was highly significant increase on day 60 and 90 in group-II and on day 30, 60 and 90 in the rats of group-III. The mean value of total proteins was highly significant reduced in the rats of group-III on day 60 and 90. However, the mean value of albumin was highly significant decrease on day 60 and 90 in group-II and on day 30, 60 and 90 in the rats of group-III.
An important relation between threshold voltage and the density of interfacial defect states in Poly-Si TFTs

Interface defect states of polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFTs) play important role in the degradation of subthreshold characteristics. In this paper, an investigation of interface states is taken on, results show that both the threshold voltage and the difference between the threshold voltage and the gate voltage corresponding to the minimum drain current are proportional to the density of interface states at the SiO2/poly-Si interface, and results fit well with the experimental data.
Effect of different herbicides on growth and yield of transplanted basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Weeds are the cause of serious concern on rice production. Therefore a field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2017 to study the effect of different herbicides on growth and yield of transplanted basmati rice at Shri Guru Ram Rai (P.G) Collage Dehradun, (Uttarakhand). The experiment were comprising ten treatments of weed management. The results indicated that chemical methods of weed control significantly reduced the total weed population (m-2) and weed dry weight (gm-2), while increased weed control efficiency effectively over weedy check. The highest number of tillers (m-2) at harvest, filled grains panicle-1, unfilled grains panicle-1, grain yield (q/ha), biological yield (q/ha) and harvest index (%) were recorded with the application of Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i./ha over rest of the herbicides in puddled and unpuddled conditions. Besides it had highest B: C ratio under the treatment receiving Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i./ha in puddled and unpuddled conditions. Thus, application of Pretilachlor @ 750 g a.i./ha proved better to obtained higher yield and also fetches more profit, besides suppressing weed in transplanted basmati rice.