Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-Event Lift Modulation Aerocapture for Small, Low-Cost Interplanetary Missions

Aerocapture has been shown to enable and enhance interplanetary missions, and it can be particularly beneficial for small, low-cost missions, as propulsive orbit insertion can be prohibitive for small planetary missions due to the mass constraints. This study investigates the use of single-event lift modulation aerocapture maneuvers to achieve efficient orbit insertion at planetary destinations such as Venus for small missions. Single-event lift modulation as a control method is implemented as a simpler control method other than bank modulation, drag modulation, or active force control. This paper focuses on the development and performance of the guidance algorithm and uses the Cupid's Arrow Mission Concept-a Nanosat concept to sample Venus' atmosphere [1]-as the baseline mission concept. The guidance uses a numerical predictor-corrector algorithm which is derived from the optimal control theory. A Monte Carlo simulation is used to compare and show the performance of the single-event lift modulation aerocapture. The study evaluates and compares the different lifting configurations to allow for the highest mass savings while ensuring a guaranteed safe capture. The analysis also includes the assessment of aerothermal heating environments from empirical relations developed by Sutton and Grave, dynamic pressure, and peak deceleration. The results show the benefits of single-event aerocapture as compared to propulsive orbit insertion for Cupid's Arrow. For an arrival hyperbolic velocity of 2.7 km/s at Venus, we can achieve 100% capture rate without crashes and escapes for a probe with a nominallift-to-drag (L/D) ratio of 0.2. The results also show a peak heat rate of 220 W /cm2which is well within the capability of the PICA TPS materials selected as the baseline of Cupid's Arrow.
Dual Regime Mode-Locked and Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser by Employing Graphene Filament–Chitin Film-Based Passive Saturable Absorber

We investigate the dynamics of high energy dual regime unidirectional Erbium-doped fiber laser in ring cavity, which is passively Q-switched and mode-locked through the use of an environmentally friendly graphene filament–chitin film-based saturable absorber. The graphene–chitin passive saturable absorber allows the option for different operating regimes of the laser by simple adjustment of the input pump power, yielding, simultaneously, highly stable and high energy Q-switched pulses at 82.08 nJ and 1.08 ps mode-locked pulses. The finding can have applications in a multitude of fields due to its versatility and the regime of operation that is on demand.
WiSPE: A COTS Wi-Fi-Based 2-D Static Human Pose Estimation

With the wide deployment of commodity off-the-shelf (COTS) devices, Wi-Fi-based human pose estimation has attracted significant attention in the field of wireless sensing for its ubiquitous availability. Since human activity sensing is human oriented, human pose estimation has become one important infrastructure. In this article, we propose a Wi-Fi-based 2-D static human pose estimation (WiSPE), which acts like a camera to estimate human pose in skeletons. Specifically, in the device deployment, we design a vertical slide rail with receiving antennas to obtain channel state information (CSI) at different heights. Then, we utilize the multiple signal classification algorithm to compute angle of arrival (AoA) and time of flight (ToF) spectrum from the CSI. We process the AoA and ToF spectrums at different heights and construct one novel feature called 2-D AoA image, which captures multipath signal reflections caused by the human body. Furthermore, we propose the environment background filter (Env-Filter) algorithm to create one environment related noise filter from the static environment signals. The Env-Filter algorithm effectively filters out the environment background noise and enhances the human-pose-related information in the 2-D AoA image. Finally, we design a teacher–student Network to correlate skeletons with the 2-D AoA image. The experiment results show that the average accuracy of the WiSPE is up to 95.2% in percentage of correct keypoints (PCK)@50, achieving the same effect as vision-based methods. When the evaluation criterion gets stricter to PCK@10, the average accuracy of the WiSPE still achieves 73.1%, which is better than state-of-the-art Wi-Fi-based methods.
Thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of high-temperature CO2 thermal plasmas mixed with C2F4

This paper is devoted to the calculation of fundamental properties of CO2 mixed with C2F4. The species composition and thermodynamic properties (mass density, entropy, enthalpy and specific heat at constant pressure) are based on Gibbs free energy minimization. The transport properties (electrical conductivity, viscosity and thermal conductivity) are calculated by the well-known Chapman-Enskog method. The Lennard-Jones like phenomenological potential and some recently updated transport cross sections are adopted to obtain collision integrals. The calculation is developed in the temperature range between 300 and 30 000 K, for a pressure between 1 to 16 bar and for several C2F4 proportions. Transport coefficients for CO2 are also compared with previous published values, and the reasons for discrepancies are analyzed. The results obtained for CO2–C2F4 mixtures provide reliable reference data for the simulation of switching arcs in CO2 circuit breakers with the ablation of PTFE.
Exploratory Evidence for Correlations between Entrained Mental Coherence and Random Physical Systems

An experiment tested whether mental coherence entrained in groups would affect sequences of data generated by truly random number generators (RNGs) in the vicinity of those groups. Coherence was entrained by having groups listen to a prescribed series of binaural beat rhythms during a 6-day work- shop. Two RNGs based on electronic noise and one on radioactive decay laten- cies were located in the building where the workshops took place. Random data were continually collected from these RNGs during 14 workshops. As controls, the same RNGs generated data in the same locations and times but during 8 weeks when no workshops took place. Other RNGs in two distant locations were run as additional controls. An exploratory hypothesis predicted that fl uctuations in entrained mental coherence associated with the workshop activities would modulate the random data recorded during the workshops. This was predicted to result in positive correlations between random data streams collected from one workshop to the next. Results showed that during the workshops the overall correlation was positive, as predicted (p = .008); during control periods the same RNGs pro- duced chance results (p = .74). Random data generated in distant locations also produced results consistent with chance.
The p38/MK2 Pathway Functions as Chk1-Backup Downstream of ATM/ATR in G2-Checkpoint Activation in Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

We have recently reported that in G2-phase cells (but not S-phase cells) sustaining low loads of DNA double-strand break (DSBs), ATM and ATR regulate the G2-checkpoint epistatically, with ATR at the output-node, interfacing with the cell cycle through Chk1. However, although inhibition of ATR nearly completely abrogated the checkpoint, inhibition of Chk1 using UCN-01 generated only partial responses. This suggested that additional kinases downstream of ATR were involved in the transmission of the signal to the cell cycle engine. Additionally, the broad spectrum of kinases inhibited by UCN-01 pointed to uncertainties in the interpretation that warranted further investigations. Here, we show that more specific Chk1 inhibitors exert an even weaker effect on G2-checkpoint, as compared to ATR inhibitors and UCN-01, and identify the MAPK p38α and its downstream target MK2 as checkpoint effectors operating as backup to Chk1. These observations further expand the spectrum of p38/MK2 signaling to G2-checkpoint activation, extend similar studies in cells exposed to other DNA damaging agents and consolidate a role of p38/MK2 as a backup kinase module, adding to similar backup functions exerted in p53 deficient cells. The results extend the spectrum of actionable strategies and targets in current efforts to enhance the radiosensitivity in tumor cells.
Correlation of Palatal Index With Pharyngeal Airway in Various Skeletal Patterns

Introduction This retrospective study aimed to correlate palatal index with pharyngeal airway in class I, class II and class III skeletal patterns. Materials and methods A total of 30 individuals with a mean age of 17.5 years were included in the study. The subjects were categorized on the basis of ANB (A point, nasion, B point) angle into skeletal class I, II, and III patterns (N=10). Using Korkhaus analysis, palatal height, palatal breadth, and palatal height index were calculated from the study models. From the lateral cephalogram, the dimensions of the upper and lower pharyngeal airways were measured using McNamara Airway Analysis. The results were calculated using the ANOVA test. Results A statistically significant difference was found in all three groups of class I, II, and III malocclusions for palatal index and airway dimensions. The skeletal class II malocclusion participants exhibited the highest mean values for the palatal index (P=0.03). Class I had the highest mean value for the upper airway (P=0.041), whereas class III had the highest mean value for the lower airway (P=0.026). Conclusion It was concluded that subjects with the class II skeletal pattern have a high palate and reduced upper and lower airways when compared with class I and class III skeletal patterns, which showed larger upper and lower airways, respectively.
Sargassum natans I Algae: An Alternative for a Greener Approach for the Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures with Biological and Environmental Applications

In this work, the influence of the Sargassum natans I alga extract on the morphological characteristics of synthesized ZnO nanostructures, with potential biological and environmental applications, was evaluated. For this purpose, different ZnO geometries were synthesized by the co-precipitation method, using Sargassum natans I alga extract as stabilizing agent. Four extract volumes (5, 10, 20, and 50 mL) were evaluated to obtain the different nanostructures. Moreover, a sample by chemical synthesis, without the addition of extract, was prepared. The characterization of the ZnO samples was carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the Sargassum alga extract has a fundamental role in the stabilization process of the ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, it was shown that the increase in the Sargassum alga extract leads to preferential growth and arrangement, obtaining well-defined shaped particles. ZnO nanostructures demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory response by the in vitro egg albumin protein denaturation for biological purposes. Additionally, quantitative antibacterial analysis (AA) showed that the ZnO nanostructures synthesized with 10 and 20 mL of extract demonstrated high AA against Gram (+) S. aureus and moderate AA behavior against Gram (-) P. aeruginosa, depending on the ZnO arrangement induced by the Sargassum natans I alga extract and the nanoparticles’ concentration (ca. 3200 µg/mL). Additionally, ZnO samples were evaluated as photocatalytic materials through the degradation of organic dyes. Complete degradation of both methyl violet and malachite green were achieved using the ZnO sample synthesized with 50 mL of extract. In all cases, the well-defined morphology of ZnO induced by the Sargassum natans I alga extract played a key role in the combined biological/environmental performance.
Amalia Revisited—A Reanalysis of Amalia’s Dreams with the Method Structural Dream Analysis

Since Freud’s “The interpretation of Dreams”, working with dreams has continued to play a major role in psychoanalysis, though different perspectives have developed about the function and meaning of dreams. This controversy is discussed on the background of findings in empirical as well as clinical dream research. In this paper, the research method Structural Dream Analysis is introduced which investigates the changes in structure of dreams over the course of psychotherapy. The method is applied to the specimen case Amalia X, which is considered to be the best investigated case in the history of psychotherapy research. Based on the results from this case and from other studies, the implications for psychoanalytic dream theories, namely those of Jung and Freud, are discussed.
Monolithic 3D Integrated BEOL Dual-Port Ferroelectric FET to Break the Tradeoff Between the Memory Window and the Ferroelectric Thickness

In this work, we applied the dual-port concept to decouple the trade-off between the Ferroelectric (FE) thickness $(t_{FE})$ scaling and Memory Window (MW) in the amorphous channel ferroelectric FET (FeFET) for monolithic 3D BEOL integration. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed device structure and explore design space, we developed a fully cali-brated TCAD model and applied it to the amorphous channel FeFET study. We demonstrate the MW in two different scenarios: (i) write and read from the front gate, and (ii) write from the front gate and read from the back gate. We show the $t_{FE}$ and channel length scaling possibility in the second scenario, as well as the possibility for the multi-bit FeFET memory application.
Design of an airfreight system based on an innovative PrandtlPlane aircraft

The PrandtlPlane configuration is conveniently applied to very large aircraft and, in this paper, the design of a freighter of 24 intermodal containers is chosen as a significant example of application. The maximum range of this big freighter is 3.000 miles. The range limitation is accomplished by the definition of a set of freight airports to be positioned properly worldwide; a mathematical theory has been formulated in order to optimize the positions of these dedicated airports on the basis of economical parameters; some examples are shown in the first part. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the optimization of the aircraft configuration, using a homemade optimization code; the objective function is the aerodynamic efficiency with constraints regarding the stability of flight and stall characteristics. A set of different local minima are determined, corresponding to solutions that satisfy all the constraints imposed and the absolute minimum is chosen inside this set on the basis of further conditions on structural aspects. The solutions include PrandtlPlanes in which a third lifting surface is considered in addition to the configuration.
Multimodulus algorithms for blind equalization

Several algorithms were developed in the past for blind equalization. The two most common ones are the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and the reduced constellation algorithm (RCA). RCA is simple to implement but is not very reliable. CMA is very reliable but has a high complexity. In this thesis, an improved blind algorithm, called multimodulus algorithm (MMA), is proposed. This new algorithm is more reliable than RCA and less complex than CMA. MMA makes better usage of the knowledge of the statistics of the data signal and employs multiple moduli to achieve initial convergence. The use of multiple moduli makes MMA very flexible and easily adaptable to applications using two-dimensional transmission schemes with nonsquare or very dense signal constellations. Most blind equalization algorithms minimize a cost function. Our investigation has shown that the minimum (residual) value of this cost function has a great influence on the reliability and speed of convergence of the corresponding blind algorithm. For example, for CMA, RCA and MMA, this residual value increases when the bandwidth efficiency of the transmission system increases, and the blind algorithms suffer a corresponding decrease in performance. Two generalized versions of MMA are proposed to circumvent the above problem. One is called generalized MMA (GMMA). The basic version of MMA uses multiple moduli primarily for non-square constellations when nonuniform symbol distributions are utilized. Multiple moduli are also used with GMMA but the additional purpose there is to decrease the residual value of the cost function. A similar effect is achieved by using another blind algorithm, called windowed MMA (WMMA). With WMMA, only one modulus is used, but the tap coefficients of the filter are only updated with some of the data, which leads to a reduction of the residual value of the cost function. The new MMA algorithm has been extensively tested with computer simulations. Most simulation results presented here were obtained with the 155 Mb/s 64-CAP transceiver specified in the ATM LAN standard for category 3 unshielded-twisted-pair office wiring. However, our results are equally applicable to other applications, such as the 52 Mb/s 16-CAP transceiver defined in DAVIC's specification for fiber-to-the-curb networks. Some preliminary experimental results obtained in the laboratory with such a 16-CAP transceiver are presented in this thesis.
Affective Commitment Among University Faculty Members in Nepal: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Although organizational commitment has received a substantial research attention, it has not been well examined in the higher education sector; in particular, the university faculty members’ affective commitment has not been extensively investigated yet. Thus, this study investigated an association between affective commitment and predictors: recognition, resources, training and development, perceived union support and pay satisfaction in the context of higher education system of Nepal. Data were collected through a survey from 312 management faculty members of Nepali universities and analyzed by using structural equation modeling. The findings confirmed that resources, training and development, and recognition were positively related, and perceived union support was negatively associated to affective commitment. Contrary to the expectation, pay satisfaction was not significant. The findings of this study also provide a salient reference background for the university management and policy makers to understand the importance of training and development, reward and compensation, resources, and union activities and their relevance for affective organizational commitment and job performance.
The effect of plant density on calabrese head growth and its use in a predictive model

Three experiments studied the effect of plant densities between 5 and 40 plants m-2 on the head development of cvs Skiff and Cruiser. The time of head initiation and the final number of leaves produced were not affected by plant density. In every experiment head diameter and head weight decreased and were more variable at higher densities. Quadratic relationships of the type y =ax2 + bx + c between In head diameter (y) and accumulated effective day-degrees (EDD) (x) accounted for up to 98.8% of the variance in In head diameter with independent a, b and c parameters. When c was constrained to the head diameter at initiation, the fit was not improved by varying a with density whereas there was an improvement in fit by changing b according to density. A linear relationship between b and plant density was used to adjust the value of b in previously determined models of head growth. These adjusted models were then applied to independent crops. The accuracy of predictions of the time when these crops produced h.
Effect of optimal Lambertian order for cellular indoor optical wireless communication and positioning systems

We propose and analyze an optimized Lambertian order (OLO) of light-emitting diode for both indoor cellular optical wireless communication and positioning systems. We carry out analysis for the system consisting of a Lambertian source and a tilted optical receiver, and develop an expression for OLO for four-, six-, and nine-cell configurations. We investigate the channel characteristics including the optical path loss, impulse response, transmission bandwidth, and positioning accuracy for the proposed systems with and without OLO, showing that there is a significant improvement in the transmission bandwidth as well as the positioning accuracy when employing OLO. For example, for a four-cell configuration with the optimum Lambertian order, 99% of cumulative distribution function of the estimation errors is within the Cramer–Rao bound (CRB) accuracy of 6.7 to 26.7 cm, compared to the CRB accuracy of 12.8 to 29.7 cm for the Lambertian order of m =1.
Experimental observation of hairpin auto-generation events in a turbulent boundary layer

Time-resolved tomographic particle image velocimetry experiments show that new hairpin vortices are generated within a fully developed and unperturbed turbulent boundary layer. The measurements are taken at a Reynolds number based on the momentum thickness of 2038, and cover the near-wall region below $y^{+}=140$ , where $y^{+}$ is the wall-normal distance in wall units. Instantaneous visualizations of the flow reveal near-wall low-speed streaks with associated quasi-streamwise vortices, retrograde inverted arch vortices, hairpin vortices and hairpin packets. The hairpin heads are observed as close to the wall as $y^{+}=30$ . Examples of hairpin packet evolution reveal the development of new hairpin vortices, which are created upstream and close to the wall in a manner consistent with the auto-generation model (Zhou et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 387, 1999, pp. 353–396). The development of the new hairpin appears to be initiated by an approaching sweep event, which perturbs the shear layer associated with the initial packet. The shear layer rolls up, thereby forming the new hairpin head. The head subsequently connects to existing streamwise vortices and develops into a hairpin. The time scale associated with the hairpin auto-generation is 20–30 wall units of time. This demonstrates that hairpins can be created over short distances within a developed turbulent boundary layer, implying that they are not simply remnants of the laminar-to-turbulent transition process far upstream.
Aggregation of Amyloidogenic Peptide Uperin—Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Uperin 3.5 is a remarkable natural peptide obtained from the skin of toadlets comprised of 17 amino acids which exhibits both antimicrobial and amyloidogenic properties. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the β-aggregation process of uperin 3.5 as well as two of its mutants, in which the positively charged residues Arg7 and Lys8 have been replaced by alanine. All three peptides rapidly underwent spontaneous aggregation and conformational transition from random coils to beta-rich structures. The simulations reveal that the initial and essential step of the aggregation process involves peptide dimerization and the formation of small beta-sheets. A decrease in positive charge and an increase in the number of hydrophobic residues in the mutant peptides lead to an increase in the rate of their aggregation.