Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy in Zinc Ferrites Nanoparticles

ZnFe 2 O 4 ferrite nanoparticles are arousing a great interest in the biomedical field, thanks to their superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. Functional properties depend on composition, size, nanoparticle architecture and, in turn, on the synthesis methods. Bulk ZnFe 2 O 4 has the normal spinel structure (all Zn 2+ ions in tetrahedral and all Fe 3+ ions in octahedral positions), but at the nanometric size inversion takes place with a cationic mixing on divalent and trivalent sites. The sensitivity of the Raman probe to cation dis - order favored the appearance of several works on a rich variety of nanosized zinc fer rites. An overview on these results is reported and discussed at variance with synthesis methods, grain dimensions, and dopants. We add to this landscape our results from new nanosized powder samples made by microwave-assisted combustion, with different dop - ants (Ca, Sr on Zn site and Al, Gd on Fe site). A detailed analysis of A 1g , E g , 3F 2g Raman modes has been performed and Raman band parameters have been derived from best- fitting procedures and carefully compared to literature data. The vibrational results are discussed taking into account the characterization from X-ray powder diffraction raction,
Celebrity status, sex, and variation in psychopathy predicts judgements of and proclivity to generate and distribute deepfake pornography

With the advent of means to generate and disseminate fake, sexualised images of others for the purposes of financial gain, harassment, or sexual gratification, there is a need to assess and understand the public’s awareness and judgements of said behaviour. In two independently-sampled studies, we used moderation (Study 1) and linear mixed effects (Study 2) analyses to investigate whether judgements of deepfaking differed as a function of victim status (celebrity, non-celebrity), victim and participant demographics, and image use (sharing, own sexual gratification), whilst controlling for the potential covariates of psychopathy and beliefs about a just world. We consistently observed more lenient judgements of deepfake generation and dissemination for victims who were celebrities and male, and when images were created for self-sexual gratification rather than being shared. Moreover, lenient judgements, as well as proclivity to act were predicted by greater levels of psychopathy. We discuss our findings in the context of needing to qualitatively understand the general public’s rationale for said disparity in judgements, as well as identifying and combating barriers to disclose victimisation. Open data and a preprint of this paper are available at https://osf.io/fp85q/? view_only=24ed2820782f4c2f9c19352f97d58611.
Character association and path coefficient analysis in vegetable cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season 2021 to determine correlation coefficient and path analysis among 69 genotypes for sixteen characters comprised of pod yield and its contributing characters. These genotypes were planted in Randomized Block Design with three replications during Kharif , 2021 at Vegetable Research Centre, GBPUA& T, Pantnagar. The result revealed that at genotypic and phenotypic level maximum significant and positive correlation was shown by green pod yield per plot, per plant, green pod weight, number of pods per plant and pods per plot, pod length, 100 seed weight and number of seeds per pod with green pod yield per hectare. The results of path coefficient analysis indicated that at phenotypic and genotypic level, the effect was significant and high positive on green pod yield per hectare of characters pod length, number of pods per plant, number of pods per plot, green pod weight, green pod yield per plant and per plot and significant negative effects shown by number of pods per cluster. Maximum direct effect was shown by green pod yield per plot. Hence, these characters may be simultaneously selected for developing better quality high yielding
The proto-West-Coastal Bantu velar merger

In this article, we assess the genealogical validity of West‑Coastal Bantu (WCB) as a major subclade of the Bantu family by means of the Comparative Method. Based on a comparative dataset of 66 different cognate series, we demonstrate that languages previously classified as WCB according to lexicon‑based quantitative methods share at least one common phonological innovation: the phonemic merger of the Proto‑Bantu velar stops *g and *k due to the devoicing of *g when not preceded by a nasal. We show that the velar merger is a unique phonological innovation distinguishing WCB from other Bantu phylogenetic groups such as South‑Western and Eastern. It probably also separates WCB from North‑Western and Central‑Western Bantu, where *g did devoice, but not always before *k became zero. However, at this stage, there is not enough empirical evidence and especially not sufficient systematic historical‑comparative linguistic research to further test this hypothesis. In any event, building on Mohlig (1981), we speculate that the recurrent devoicing of *g in several ancestral Bantu languages of the rainforest could be diagnostic of a pre‑Bantu hunter‑gatherer substrate.
Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Young Positive Schema Questionnaire (YPSQ) in the General Population and Psychiatric Patients

Abstract Early adaptive schemas (EAS) are resilience-oriented counterparts to early maladaptive schemas (EMS), which are central in schema therapy. The Young Positive Schema Questionnaire (YPSQ) was developed as a measure of EAS but has been evaluated neither in relation to a clinical population nor in a German-speaking sample. Objectives of this study were therefore the psychometric validation of a German YPSQ in a community sample and the comparison of EAS to psychiatric patients. Participants were 1,418 individuals from a community sample and 182 psychiatric patients with a main diagnosis of major depressive disorder. A factor structure of 10 EAS, instead of the original 14, demonstrated satisfactory factorial validity and internal consistency in both samples. EAS exhibited divergent validity to EMS, childhood trauma, and psychopathology. Convergent validity was evident with resilience, self-efficacy, and satisfaction with life. Support for incremental validity beyond EMS was especially shown for resilience, self-efficacy, and satisfaction with life, and was also evident for several dimensions of psychopathology. Individuals in the community sample exhibited more pronounced EAS compared to psychiatric patients with the exception of empathic consideration. Especially for concepts associated with mental health, the YPSQ has the potential to be a highly valuable addition to current research and practice.
DETERMINANTS OF STUDENTS INTEREST IN PURSUING PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATIONS IN ACCOUNTING

_______________________________________________________ This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding personality, labor market considerations, professional recognition, financial appreciation and work environment on student interest in taking professional certification in accounting. It uses multiple linear regression analysis with the IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciencess) program for Windows version 25. There are 250 respondents in this study from various university in Indonesia. The test results show that personality, job market considerations, professional recognition, financial rewards have an effect on student interest in taking professional certification in accounting, while the work environment does not affect student interest in taking professional certification in accounting
Effects of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment on Separation from the U.S. Military: Findings from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study

This report describes analyses, using data from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study, designed to assess the effects of sexual assault and sexual harassment on service members' decisions to separate from the military. Among other findings, this study demonstrates that more than 8,000 separations over a 28-month period (4 percent of all separations) were associated with sexual assault or harassment experiences.
Model Choice Impacts the Quantification of Seasonal Hyporheic Exchange Depths and Fluxes

Direction and depths of hyporheic exchange fluxes at the groundwater ‐ surface water interface are drivers of biogeochemical processes influencing nutrient cycling and water quality. Model concepts on the dynamic relationship between hyporheic exchange fluxes and exchange depth are typically based on the assumption of a linear relationship between both measures. Here, we quantify seasonal and episodic variations of hyporheic exchange fluxes and hyporheic exchange depths with methods of heat tracing. Numerically (FLUX‐BOT) and analytically (VFLUX; method based on temperature amplitude dampening developed by Hatch et al., 2006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004787) working program scripts were used to solve the one‐dimensional conduction‐advection‐dispersion equation and compute hyporheic flux rates from three vertical sediment water temperature profiles recorded continuously in a small low mountain creek between 2011 and 2017. By comparing the behavior of two differing water temperature‐based modeling approaches, dissimilarities in the sensitivity to sediment thermal properties were identified. Besides the differences in parameter responsivity differences in how the temperature data is incorporated, explain deviating behavior of the models regarding exchange flux and depth calculations. We show that the vertical extension of hyporheic exchange depth has a distinctive seasonal pattern over seven years, which differs according to the positioning in the riffle‐pool‐sequence. Surface water levels, groundwater levels and stream discharges show significant correlations with both flux direction and hyporheic zone extension. Temperature derived flux data allowed for establishing a significant relationship between hyporheic exchange fluxes and hyporheic exchange depths.
In Situ Carbon Homogeneous Doping on Ultrathin Bismuth Molybdate: A Dual‐Purpose Strategy for Efficient Molecular Oxygen Activation

Solar‐driven activation of molecular oxygen, which harnesses light to produce reactive oxygen species for the removal of pollutants, is the most green and low‐cost approach for environmental remediation. The energy coupling between photons, excitons, and oxygen is the crucial step in this reaction and still remains a challenge. In this study, a dual‐purpose strategy for enhanced molecular oxygen activation is established by in situ carbon homogeneous doping on ultrathin Bi2MoO6 nanosheets for the first time. The C‐doped ultrathin 2D material exhibits an enlarged bandgap straddling the electrochemical potential of O2 /•O2− and H2O /•OH, without any attenuation of light absorption. An internal electric field and shortened carrier‐transportation distance are also found in the longitude orientation of the nanosheets ([001] axis), leading to a higher density of effective photogenerated carriers localized on the exposed {001} surface. As applied for the nitric oxide removal, the reactive rate over the ultrathin C‐doped Bi2MoO6 nanosheets is 4.3 times higher than that over the bulk counterparts as a result of the increasing reactive oxygen species. This new proof‐of‐concept strategy not only realizes the band structure engineering and charge transportation regulation but also paves a new way to construct highly efficient photocatalytic materials.
Determining the usefulness of serum hyaluronic acid levels as a predictor of progression of hand osteoarthritis: longitudinal analysis from the Iwaki cohort

Background: Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) causes a significant disfunction in patient’s daily life. The predicting factor of hand osteoarthritis has been unknown. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of serum hyaluronic acid (sHA) levels in predicting progression of HOA from a 6-year longitudinal epidemiological study.Design: In 2008, a total of 417 participants in the Iwaki cohort were followed over 6 years. Hand radiographs were taken at baseline and follow-up and scored according to Kellgren–Lawrence grades and Kallman score for 15 joints. Based on the presence of osteoarthritis, participants were classified into HOA and non-HOA groups. Levels of serum hyaluronic acid (sHA) at baseline were determined by ELISA. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between levels of sHA, total number of involved joints, and Kallman score were estimated. Factors related to increasing number of involved joints over a period of six years were analyzed by liner regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of hand osteoarthritis was 19.9% at baseline and the number of joints involved was 3.6 ± 2.1. Levels of sHA in the HOA group at baseline were significantly higher than non-HOA group (p<0.0001), and correlated with the number of involved joints (r=0.399, p<0.0001) and Kallman score (r=0.540, p<0.0001). Progression rate was 55.4% and development rate was 19.1% over six years. In HOA group, the number of involved joints increased by 4.9 ± 2.3. Associated factors were age (p<0.0001) and higher levels of sHA (p<0.0001) at baseline.Conclusions: Higher levels of sHA correlated with number of involved joints and Kallman score at baseline. In the longitudinal study, Levels of sHA predicted progression of HOA over six years.
High-resolution manometry in the diagnosis and classification of achalasia in children

Esophageal achalasia is a primary motor disorder that presents with dysphagia secondary to esophageal body dysfunction and functional obstruction of the lower esophageal sphincter. High-resolution manometry is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of achalasia and, according to the Chicago classification v3.0; it can be further divided into three different subtypes based on the pressurization patterns. Herein, we present the case series of 6 pediatric patients in whom high-resolution manometry was performed for the diagnosis and classification of esophageal achalasia.
Local-Scale Genotype Diversity of Yersinia Pestis: A Case Study from Ambohitromby, Ankazobe District (2003-2016), Madagascar

BackgroundPlague is still a major public health concern in Madagascar despite the effort to reduce human cases and understand its epidemiology. In several localities known as plague foci, human cases are reported but the origin of the infection is most on the time unknown. In the present study, we report the presence of different genotypes of Yersinia pestis co-occurring in the same locality.MethodsHuman case was sampled in October 2016 and sent to the Central Laboratory for Plague for confirmation. Further, we undertook small mammal sampling to identify the circulation of plague in reservoirs. Isolated strains from human case, rodents as well as some archived strains from the same locality were combined with previously published strains to document the genotype of circulating strains. Further, blood sample from rodents were collected for seroprevalence analysis. Results In 2016, two different strains of Y. pestis from a human case and a reservoir circulated concurrently in the Ambohitromby commune (Ankazobe District) based on plague investigation. One type had been persisting there for more than 10 years but at least one other type may have been recently introduced. Seroprevalence of plague in rodents indicates that portion of the local murine population may resist to plague. These findings have implications for plague public health investigations and surveillance in Madagascar. Multiple distinct types of Y. pestis were circulating concurrently in the Ambohitromby commune (Ankazobe District) in Madagascar. Three strains genotype are now documented in Ambohitromby with the strain isolated in rats being a new genotype which is probably new to this locality or unobserved in previous years.
Temporal integration of monaural and dichotic frequency modulation

Frequency modulation (FM) detection at low modulation frequencies is commonly used as an index of temporal fine-structure processing. The present study evaluated the rate of improvement in monaural and dichotic FM across a range of test parameters. In experiment I, dichotic and monaural FM detection was measured as a function of duration and modulator starting phase. Dichotic FM thresholds were lower than monaural FM thresholds and the modulator starting phase had no effect on detection. Experiment II measured monaural FM detection for signals that differed in modulation rate and duration such that the improvement with duration in seconds (carrier) or cycles (modulator) was compared. Monaural FM detection improved monotonically with the number of modulation cycles, suggesting that the modulator is extracted prior to detection. Experiment III measured dichotic FM detection for shorter signal durations to test the hypothesis that dichotic FM relies primarily on the signal onset. The rate of improvement decreased as duration increased, which is consistent with the use of primarily onset cues for the detection of dichotic FM. These results establish that improvement with duration occurs as a function of the modulation cycles at a rate consistent with the independent-samples model for monaural FM, but later cycles contribute less to detection in dichotic FM.
Enforcing ATP hydrolysis enhanced glycolysis and promoted solvent production under anaerobic conditions

Background The intracellular ATP level, an indicator of cellular energy state, plays a critical role in regulating the intracellular metabolic activities. The classical ATP paradox that the glycolytic rate negatively correlates with the intracellular ATP level was well studied. Reducing intracellular ATP level could stimulate the glycolytic rate, thereby enhancing products accumulation in aerobic conditions. However, there are limited studies about the effect of reducing cellular ATP level on anaerobic glycolysis and products formation.Results Taking anaerobic ABE (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum as a model, we reduced the intracellular ATP level by introducing an independent ATP hydrolysis module of F 1 -ATPase. We found that the low intracellular ATP level in C. acetobutylicum compared to that in aerobic microbes, was further reduced and the glucose uptake was remarkably enhanced, achieving a 78.8% increase of volumetric glucose utilization rate. The total solvent production was improved with increase in productivity (46.5%), titer (9.9%) and yield (14.5%) compared to control, with an early onset of solventogenesis and a shortened fermentation period. Consistently, genome-scale metabolic modeling revealed the elevated metabolic fluxes through glycolysis, TCA cycle, and pyruvate metabolism in F 1 -ATPase overexpression strain.Conclusions Decreasing the cellular energy level could further enhance the glycolytic rate at anaerobic condition and lead to significantly improvement on solvents synthesis. Our findings provide a novel strategy for improving ABE fermentation performance, which is beneficial for industrial Weizmann process. Engineering intracellular ATP level can thus be considered as a promising tool to enhance the efficiency of other anaerobic fermentation processes.
Enhanced behavioural and brain responses to interoceptive signals in musicians

Interoception – the processing of the physiological states of the entire body, communicated to the brain and integrated to influence behaviour - has been a an area of interest in various domains. Previous research using a behavioural measure of interoception demonstrated higher interoceptive accuracy in musicians in comparison to non-musicians. The present study extends this research by comparing additional measures of interoception between the two groups. In addition to the previously assessed heartbeat discrimination task, we used the heartbeat tracking task to measure interoceptive accuracy (IAcc). We also tested two sub-scales from the multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness questionnaire to measure interoceptive sensibility (IS). Another measure we recorded was an electrophysiological index of interoceptive processing - the heartbeat evoked potential (HEP). The participants comprised musicians (N = 20) and age-matched non-musicians (N = 20). We predicted that musicians would have higher IAcc and IS, and would show a greater HEP amplitude than non-musicians. Results showed that musicians had higher IAcc and IS scores than non-musicians and they showed larger HEP amplitude (in the left hemisphere only). This is the first demonstration of enhanced neural processing of interoceptive signals and interoceptive sensibility in musicians. We suggest that these differences may relate to alterations to insula connectivity as a result of musical training.
Children show adult-like hippocampal pattern similarity for familiar but not novel events

The ability to detect differences among similar events in our lives is a crucial aspect of successful episodic memory performance, which develops across early childhood. The neural substrate of this ability is supported by operations in the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Here, we used representational similarity analysis (RSA) to measure neural pattern similarity in hippocampus, perirhinal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex for 4- to 10-year-old children and adults during naturalistic viewing of clips from the same compared to different movies. Further, we assessed the role of prior exposure to individual movie clips on pattern similarity in the MTL. In both age groups, neural pattern similarity in hippocampus was lower for clips drawn from the same movies compared to those drawn from different movies, suggesting that related content activates processes focused on keeping representations with shared content distinct. However, children showed this only for movies with which they had prior exposures, whereas adults showed the effect regardless of any prior exposures to the movies. These findings suggest that children require repeated exposure to stimuli to show adult-like MTL functioning in distinguishing among similar events.
The Readability Level of Reading Texts in Erlangga Straight Point Series: English for Eleventh Grade Students

Abstract: This study aims to describe the readability level of reading texts in ESPS: English for the 11th grade students. The measurement tools were Coh-Metrix RDL2, Miyazaki EFL Reading Index and teachers’ professional judgment. The formula were effective in measuring the texts readability by calculating the number of words, letters, and sentences in the text. The Score of Coh-Metrix RDL2 showed that the reading texts was easier for reading level of 11th graders. MEFLRI claimed that reading texts in ESPS textbook are match for reading level of 11th graders. Teachers’ judgment claimed, the texts were suitable for eleventh grade students.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat keterbacaan 19 teks bacaan dalam ESPS: English untuk siswa kelas 11. Tiga alat ukur digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat keterbacaan yakni Coh-Metrix RDL2 dan Miyazaki EFL Reading Index, dan penilaian guru. Kedua formula terbukti efektif dalam mengukur keterbacaan teks dengan menghitung total huruf, kata, dan kalimat dalam teks. Coh-Metrix menunjukkan bahwa teks bacaan lebih mudah dipahami oleh siswa pada kelas 11, sedangkan MEFLRI menunjukkan bahwa teks bacaan sangat cocok diberikan pada kelas 11. Penilaian guru menyatakan teks bacaan sesuai untuk siswa kelas 11.