Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selection of doubled haploid black rice lines in advanced yield trial based on multivariate analysis

Abstract. Karima AW, Putri RK, Purwoko BS, Dewi IS, Suwarno WB, Kurniawati A. 2021. Selection of doubled haploid black rice lines in advanced yield trial based on multivariate analysis. Biodiversitas 22: 5425- 5431. Research on the development of black rice has not received much attention. The anther culture technique can shorten the plant breeding process and produce doubled haploid (DH) lines. The target of this study was to evaluate DH black rice lines with early maturity, good agronomic performance, and high yields. Twenty-seven doubled haploid lines and three check varieties (Aek Sibundong, Inpari 24, and Jeliteng) were evaluated at two locations (Kediri, East Java, and Bogor, West Java) from January to July 2020. A randomized complete block design was applied to this study with three replicates. The combined analysis results showed that the genotype effect (G) was highly significant (p < 0.01) for all characters. In addition, all characters had a high broad-sense heritability. Characters that were positively correlated with yield based on genotypic and phenotypic correlation were the number of productive tillers, the number of vegetative tillers, panicle length, the number of filled grains, and the number of total grains. The 1000-grains weight and panicle length had a positive and the largest direct effect on yield. Principal component analysis showed that the number of productive tillers and the 1000-grains weight were related to yield. The selection index model that can be formulated is as follows I = (3*0.375*Yield) + (0.723* 1000-grains weight) + (0.280* Number of productive tillers). Based on the selection index, 14 genotypes were selected.
The simulated atmospheric response to western North Pacific sea-surface temperature anomalies

Observations reveal two distinct patterns of atmospheric variability associated with wintertime variations in midlatitude sea surface temperatures (SST) in the North Pacific sector: 1) a pattern of atmospheric circulation anomalies that peaks 2-3 weeks prior to large SST anomalies in the western North Pacific that is consistent with “atmospheric forcing” of the SST field, and 2) a pattern that lags SST anomalies in the western North Pacific by several weeks that is consistent with the “atmospheric response” to the SST field. Here we explore analogous lead-lag relations between the atmospheric circulation and western North Pacific SST anomalies in two sets of simulations run on the NCAR Community Earth System Model Version 1 (CESM1): 1) a simulation run on a fully coupled version of CESM1 and 2) a simulation forced with prescribed, time-evolving SST anomalies over the western North Pacific region. Together, the simulations support the interpretation that the observed lead/lag relationships between western North Pacific SST anomalies and the atmospheric circulation reveal the patterns of atmospheric variability that both force and respond to midlatitude SST anomalies. The results provide numerical evidence that SST variability over the western North Pacific has a demonstrable effect on the large-scale atmospheric circulation throughout the North Pacific sector.
The effect of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-Gracecum) supplementation on glycemic status, androgens, and lipid profile in letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) model

Introduction: PCOS the most common endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged females is hallmarked by characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome and biological hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinism. Fenugreek seeds have proven to be beneficial in the treatment of PCOS because of their antiandrogenic and anti-hyperglycaemic effects. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of fenugreek seed in PCOS rats. Materials and method: Twenty-four female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Group 1 served as a (control group, n=10) received saline (0.9%NaCl) while Group 2 (PCOS control group, n=30) received letrozole (1mg/kg) to induce PCOS. After 21 days, PCOS-induced rats were divided into two groups. One group was treated with the aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds and another group was treated with metformin (300mg/Kg) for 21 consecutive days while the control group continued to receive saline. At the end of the experiment ovaries were removed for histological examination and blood collected for the estimation of Insulin, Testosterone, and Lipid profile. Result: Compared with the control group, Letrozole administration in rats exhibited significant alterations in serum testosterone, insulin activity, glucose and Lipid profile (P<0.001). Acyclicity of the estrus cycle with cysts were also detected. In Fenugreek and metformin groups restoration of normal ovarian stroma, normalization of estrous cycle with reduced levels of testosterone (P<0.001), insulin (P<0.001), glucose (P<0.001), and cholesterol (P<0.0001) were observed. Discussion: These findings suggest that aqueous extract of fenugreek showed better amelioration in the regulation of impaired insulin resistance, hyperandrogenaemia, and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS.
The Key Technology of ECT with Self-excitation Power Supply

This paper analysis the difficulties to provide a stable DC power supply to sampling and transmitting circuit in the high-voltage side of ECT.According to the storage principle of electromagnetic energy,the technical problems to take energy from magnetic field with self-excitation power supply has been resolved with a ring magnets jacket made by microcrystalline magnetic materials and a special "restricting current funnel" component.The three major indexes of the new ECT(wake-up current,wake-up time,saturation large current)meet the application requirements.
Diversity and Inclusion in Internal Medicine Training Programs: An Unfulfilled Dream

Background Promoting a diversified healthcare force fosters more culturally centered care, expands the approach to high-quality healthcare for poorly served populations, improves patient contentment, and broadens research agendas, all components essential to minimize healthcare imbalances. Our study reviews the trends of gender and racial disparity in Internal Medicine residency programs. Methodology In this retrospective analysis, we extracted data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education’s annual Data Resource Books from 2007 to 2019. Gender was reported as males and females. Race/ethnicity was cataloged as White/non-Hispanic, Black/non-Hispanic, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islander, Native American/Alaskan, others, and unknown. Results The representation of women increased progressively, with a relative increase of 4.7% from 2007 to 2019. For race/ethnicity, the study period started from the year 2011. When averaged across the eight-year study period, 27% of the study sample were White (non-Hispanic), followed by Asian/Pacific Islanders at 21%. The representation of other races was even lower. For 36.2% of the residents, the racial data were not known and categorized as unknown racial distribution. Conclusions Our study reports that gender and racial/ethnic imbalance persists within the training programs of Internal Medicine. Effectual strategies should be implemented to improve access to care to the underrepresented communities, address physician shortages in different areas of the country, and strengthen our ability to address long-established disparities in healthcare and outcomes.
Deep Learning for Vegetation Health Forecasting: A Case Study in Kenya

East Africa has experienced a number of devastating droughts in recent decades, including the 2010/2011 drought. The National Drought Management Authority in Kenya relies on real-time information from MODIS satellites to monitor and respond to emerging drought conditions in the arid and semi-arid lands of Kenya. Providing accurate and timely information on vegetation conditions and health—and its probable near-term future evolution—is essential for minimising the risk of drought conditions evolving into disasters as the country’s herders directly rely on the conditions of grasslands. Methods from the field of machine learning are increasingly being used in hydrology, meteorology, and climatology. One particular method that has shown promise for rainfall-runoff modelling is the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network. In this study, we seek to test two LSTM architectures for vegetation health forecasting. We find that these models provide sufficiently accurate forecasts to be useful for drought monitoring and forecasting purposes, showing competitive performances with lower resolution ensemble methods and improved performances over a shallow neural network and a persistence baseline.
Two-dimensional Water Impact of Unsymmetrical Bodies

This paper presents a method for predicting the slamming pressure distribution over the ship surface of the two-dimensional arbitrary shape. The method is derived from the similar procedure developed by V. H. Wagner for a symmetric wedge penetrating the water surface, using the expanding flat plate approximation. The proposed method takes account of the piled up water at the free surface near the impinging body which is relevant to the pressure distribution and the peak value. For practical purposes, simple formulas are developed to estimate the maximum peak pressure on the surface of unsymmetrical wedges.Equations for the slamming of cone-shaped bodies are also shown in the appendix which are a little different from those derived by S. L. Chuang.
Preventing Tuberculosis in Families of East Timor Expatriate Tuberculosis Patients in Indonesia

Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease caused by rod-shaped bacteria (bacilli) known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The housing of East Timor expatriates in Indonesia is very close to each other, with unsanitary environmental conditions and poor ventilation, thus making this community vulnerable to disease transmission, especially of infectious diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis. This study aimed to examine the attitudes and behaviors associated with preventing tuberculosis in the families of East Timor expatriate tuberculosis patients. This was a descriptive study with a survey and observational approach. The sample consisted of 36 respondents and data were collected using a questionnaire with 27 questions about attitudes and behaviors to prevent TB transmission. The average age of the respondents was 38 years old. 53% of respondents were male and 42% graduated from elementary school. The results showed that 69% had a positive attitude to the prevention of pulmonary TB transmission in the family and 61% mostly behaved well in their behavior to prevent pulmonary TB transmission. Based on these findings, health workers need to improve health promotion programs with family empowerment methods, as well as advocate for the Government to pay attention to the quality of environmental sanitation and increase the number of patients who recover from TB. Keywords: tuberculosis, pulmonary, prevention and control
Impacts of parameter uncertainty on baseflow separation by a two‐parameter recursive digital filter

Accurate baseflow quantification is an important step in the survey and evaluation of water resources, non‐point source pollution quantification, and optimization of water resource allocation. We selected a typical agricultural watershed with high precipitation rates in eastern China as the study area and investigated the impact of the combination of a recession constant (on an annual, monthly, or daily scale) and the maximum baseflow index (BFImax; empirical value vs. optimal value) on the accuracy and reliability of baseflow separated using a two‐parameter recursive digital filter (TPRDF). It was observed that the accuracy and reliability of the TPRDF‐separated baseflow varied with the time scale of the recession constant. Specifically, they decreased in the following order: baseflow estimated using daily recession constants (EBSD) (NSE = 0.797, R2 = 0.819) > baseflow estimated using monthly recession constants (EBSM; NSE = 0.779, R2 = 0.801) > baseflow estimated using annual recession constants (EBSY; NSE = 0.666, R2 = 0.675), where ‘NSE’ is the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient. The empirical value setting of BFImax was another important reason for the uncertainties in the TPRDF‐separated baseflow. The NSE values of EBSY, EBSM, and EBSD increased from 0.666, 0.779, and 0.797–0.785, 0.859, and 0.876, respectively, after replacing the empirical values with numerically optimized values. The combination of BFImax with recession constants on various time scales significantly affected the annual total TPRDF‐separated baseflow. It also affected the overall variation characteristics of the baseflow time series, composition of different magnitude (frequency) components, and sensitivity of baseflow time series to rainfall events.
Adoption of International Accounting Standards in Emerging Countries: A Cultural Perspective

The article aims at studying the adaptability of international accounting standards to emerging countries. We use a cultural approach based on the accounting subculture (Gray, 1988) that highlights the relationship between cultural dimensions (power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity), and accounting values (professionalism vs. statutory control, uniformity vs. flexibility, conservatism vs. optimism and discretion vs. transparency). The cultural approach reveals the magnitude of adaptability of international accounting standards to emerging countries by considering the Tunisian example. Thus, we first identify the culture of the studied context by a questionnaire including the evolution tendency of this context. Secondly, we identify the cultural context required to adopt the international accounting referent. Our results reveal that the Tunisian cultural context is slightly different from that required for the adoption of the international referent. However, we have observed a process of convergence towards it.
Internet-Delivered Interventions for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Young People: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Mental health difficulties in children and adolescents are highly prevalent; however, only a minority receive adequate mental health care. Internet-delivered interventions offer a promising opportunity to increase access to mental health treatment. Research has demonstrated their effectiveness as a treatment for depression and anxiety in adults. This work provides an up-to-date examination of the available intervention options and their effectiveness for children and young people (CYP). Objective In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the evidence available for the effectiveness of internet-delivered interventions for treating anxiety and depression in CYP. Methods Systematic literature searches were conducted throughout November 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, and EBSCO academic search complete electronic databases to find outcome trials of internet-delivered interventions treating symptoms of anxiety and/or depression in CYP by being either directly delivered to the CYP or delivered via their parents. Studies were eligible for meta-analysis if they were randomized controlled trials. Risk of bias and publication biases were evaluated, and Hedges g between group effect sizes evaluating intervention effects after treatment were calculated. Meta-analyses used random-effects models as per protocol. Results A total of 23 studies met the eligibility criteria for the systematic review, of which 16 were included in the meta-analyses, including 977 participants in internet-delivered treatment conditions and 1008 participants in control conditions across 21 comparisons. Random-effects models detected a significant small effect for anxiety symptoms (across 20 comparisons; Hedges g=−0.25, 95% CI −0.38 to −0.12; P<.001) and a small but not significant effect for depression (across 13 comparisons; Hedges g=−0.27, 95% CI −0.55 to 0.01; P=.06) in favor of internet-delivered interventions compared with control groups. Regarding secondary outcomes, there was a small effect of treatment across 9 comparisons for impaired functioning (Hedges g=0.52, 95% CI 0.24-0.80; P<.001), and 5 comparisons of quality of life showed no effect (Hedges g=−0.01, 95% CI −0.23 to 0.21; P=.94). Conclusions The results show that the potential of internet-delivered interventions for young people with symptoms of anxiety or depression has not been tapped into to date. This review highlights an opportunity for the development of population-specific interventions and their research to expand our current knowledge and build an empirical base for digital interventions for CYP. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42020220171; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=220171
Two-dimensional ferroelectricity induced by octahedral rotation distortion in perovskite oxides

Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectricity has attracted extensive attention since its discovery in the monolayers of van der Waals materials. Here we show that 2D ferroelectricity induced by octahedral rotation distortion is widely present in the perovskite bilayer system through first-principles calculations. Perovskite tolerance factor plays a crucial role in the lattice dynamics and groundstate structure of the perovskite monolayers and bilayers, thus providing an important indicator for screening this hybrid improper ferroelectricity. Generally, the ferroelectric switching via an orthorhombic twin state has the lowest energy barrier. Epitaxial strain can effectively tune the ferroelectric polarization and ferroelectric switching by changing the amplitude of octahedral rotation and tilt distortion. The increasing compressive strain causes a polar to non-polar phase transition by suppressing the tilt distortion. The cooperative effect of octahedral distortion at the interface with the substrate can reduce the energy barrier of reversing rotation mode, and even change the lowest-energy ferroelectric switching path.
Combination of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Insulin Resistance by Modulating Pro-inflammatory Milieu in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model

ABSTRACT Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for the onset of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) caused by chronic inflammation of the islets of langerhans. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) procedure increases particular hormone which stimulates insulin sensitivity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can also exhibit potential immunomodulatory properties through their paracrine effects, however the mechanism regarding combination of them could not be adequately explained. Aim: In this study, we explore the potential of sleeve gastrectomy followed by injection of MSCs in type 2 diabetic rats with obesity in improving insulin resistance. Methods: This study used a pre and post control group design with 18 rats that divided into 3 groups: control (C), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), sleeve gastrectomy + MSCs (SG+M). On day 10, the level of IL-6, IL-10 and HOMA-IR were evaluated using ELISA. Results: This study showed a significant decrease of IL-6 level in all treatment groups on day 10, in which SG+M group showed optimum inhibition. This result was in line with the optimum increase of IL-10 in SG+M group. Moreover, our study also revealed the optimum decrease of HOMA-IR in SG+M group on day 10. Conclusion: Combination of SG and MSCs can optimally improve insulin resistance by modulating proinflammatory milieu though inhibiting IL-6 level and upregulating IL-10 level in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model.
Viewing young men’s online wagering through a social practice lens: implications for gambling harm prevention strategies

ABSTRACT Online wagering has expanded significantly in recent decades and has emerged as a serious public health issue. Research investigating online wagering has predominantly used quantitative methods to explore the determinants that influence young men’s engagement with these products, with fewer qualitative insights. Social practice theory offers a framework in which to qualitatively analyse how online wagering practices are shaped, modified, and evolve. This study explored the online wagering practices of sixteen, 18–24 year old, young men, in Victoria, Australia. In-depth, qualitative interviews explored the contexts and motivations in their early and current wagering practices and the influence of social and structural conditions. Data were interpreted using a reflexive approach to thematic analysis. The data were theoretically conceptualised through a social practice lens, focusing on materials, meanings, and competencies. Materials included social networks and spaces, and wagering infrastructure and marketing. Meanings encompassed peer belongingness and bonding. Perceived competencies included an exaggerated confidence that influenced the type of gambling chosen and perceived spending strategies to achieve financial gain. Importantly, these three elements intersected to form a bundle of wagering practices. Interrupting the interconnection of these bundles may form the basis of public health intervention. Public health research must also continue to monitor how online wagering practices evolve and change in response to a range of interacting determinants and move away from a focus on the individual.
Macrodispersion and Recovery of Solutes and Heat in Heterogeneous Aquifers

The recovery efficiency of aquifer storage systems with radial flow fields are studied for heterogeneous aquifers. Macrodispersion, arising from spatially heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity, is modeled as a scale‐dependent mechanical dispersion process. Approximate solutions for the recovery efficiency as a function of local dispersion and macrodispersion parameters, the injection‐extraction rate Q $Q$ and duration T $T$ , and storage cycle count, are derived and validated against numerical simulations. If macrodispersion dominates and the macrodispersion coefficient scales linearly with distance, the recovery efficiency is independent of both Q,T $Q,T$ . For sublinear and superlinear scalings, recovery increases and decreases respectively if Q,T $Q,T$ increases. However, if local dispersion dominates, increasing Q,T $Q,T$ always increases recovery. As macrodispersion becomes increasingly dominant with scale, the recovery efficiency may be a nonmonotonic function of Q,T $Q,T$ , with a maximum. In homogeneous aquifers, nonmonotonicity does not occur for 1D and 2D radial flow, but occurs for 3D radial flow fields only as a function of T $T$ , not Q $Q$ . These methods may also be used for fitting local dispersion and macrodispersion parameters with push‐pull tests using recovery data, with advantages in scope of applicability and ease of data acquisition and interpretation, compared to existing push‐pull test methods, which fit to breakthrough curves and do not consider macrodispersion. Furthermore, characterizing macrodispersion with push‐pull tests may be advantageous over methods that use observation wells, as observation well placement may be challenging in highly heterogeneous aquifers. The results show that the macrodispersion parameters are not innate aquifer hydraulic properties, as their values vary with flow field geometry.