Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Needs for English Material Among Economics Students

In the context of globalization, proficiency in the English language is increasingly recognized as essential for students pursuing studies in economics. This study aimed to evaluate economics students' specific English language needs and provide recommendations for addressing these needs. This study involved a mixed methods approach, which utilizes both quantitative and qualitative research techniques. Questionnaires and interviews were employed as the data collection instruments. The findings underscore the importance of tailored English materials aligned with economics-specific terminology and concepts. The study suggests integrating economics key terms and vocabulary into the curriculum to support students in enhancing their English proficiency. Additionally, the research emphasizes the significance of collaborative efforts between economics faculty and English language instructors to develop effective teaching strategies and materials. The study concludes by highlighting the necessity of addressing the English language needs of economics students to prepare them for success in the global economic landscape.
Idiopathic Slow Transit Constipation: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Slow transit constipation (STC) has an estimated prevalence of 2–4% of the general population, and although it is the least prevalent of the chronic constipation phenotypes, it more commonly causes refractory symptoms and is associated with significant psychosocial stress, poor quality of life, and high healthcare costs. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management options in STC. STC occurs due to colonic dysmotility and is thought to be a neuromuscular disorder of the colon. Several pathophysiologic features have been observed in STC, including reduced contractions on manometry, delayed emptying on transit studies, reduced numbers of interstitial cells of Cajal on histology, and reduced amounts of excitatory neurotransmitters within myenteric plexuses. The underlying aetiology is uncertain, but autoimmune and hormonal mechanisms have been hypothesised. Diagnosing STC may be challenging, and there is substantial overlap with the other clinical constipation phenotypes. Prior to making a diagnosis of STC, other primary constipation phenotypes and secondary causes of constipation need to be ruled out. An assessment of colonic transit time is required for the diagnosis and can be performed by a number of different methods. There are several different management options for constipation, including lifestyle, dietary, pharmacologic, interventional, and surgical. The effectiveness of the available therapies in STC differs from that of the other constipation phenotypes, and prokinetics often make up the mainstay for those who fail standard laxatives. There are few available management options for patients with medically refractory STC, but patients may respond well to surgical intervention. STC is a common condition associated with a significant burden of disease. It can present a clinical challenge, but a structured approach to the diagnosis and management can be of great value to the clinician. There are many therapeutic options available, with some having more benefits than others.
Contemporary Evidence and Practice on Right Heart Catheterization in Patients with Acute or Chronic Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) has a global prevalence of 1–2%, and the incidence around the world is growing. The prevalence increases with age, from around 1% for those aged <55 years to >10% for those aged 70 years or over. Based on studies in hospitalized patients, about 50% of patients have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and 50% have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HF is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and HF-related hospitalizations are common, costly, and impact both quality of life and prognosis. More than 5–10% of patients deteriorate into advanced HF (AdHF) with worse outcomes, up to cardiogenic shock (CS) condition. Right heart catheterization (RHC) is essential to assess hemodynamics in the diagnosis and care of patients with HF. The aim of this article is to review the evidence on RHC in various clinical scenarios of patients with HF.
Simple Claim Execution Reorientation in Civil and Business Disputes for Legal Certainty

This study aims to prescribe the importance of rethinking the regulation of the execution of simple lawsuits in the justice system in Indonesia, considering that simple lawsuits have many advantages as an alternative for resolving civil and business disputes. This research is normative legal research with a law approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative law approach. The countries used for comparison are Singapore, the Netherlands, and the United States. The study results show that legal uncertainty regarding the mechanism of the simple lawsuit court decision is a factor that must be considered if you want a simple lawsuit to be one of the models of dispute resolution in the business and civil disputes that exist in Indonesia. This should be the homework of the government or the Supreme Court in establishing clear rules regarding the procedure for executing a simple lawsuit. This is important to provide clarity and legal certainty for the parties. Keywords: simple lawsuit, judicial system, legal certainty
Issues and New Results on Bandpass Sampling

This study presents issues and new results on bandpass sampling. First, some issues on the relationships between the range of allowable sampling frequencies and the guard bands are highlighted. The root cause of these issues was determined. Second, given a specified sampling frequency tolerance and the guard bands for carrier frequency tolerance, a new and simple formula for determining the maximum integer, which is a key number in determining the allowable range of sampling frequencies, has been derived. Two numerical examples were used to demonstrate the above issues and new results.
The role of Tumour Necrosis Factor Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an obliterative vasculopathy characterized by endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation affecting small arterioles resulting in progressive elevation of pressure within the lungs. This poses significant load on the right heart which can lead to heart failure. It is a devastating and life threatening disease as patients are frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. Existing drug therapies augmenting pulmonary vasodilatation have significantly improved patient morbidity but insufficiently modify vascular remodeling and consequently have modestly improved survival. Halting or reversing vascular remodeling could revolutionise human therapy but has yet to come to fruition. To improve disease prognosis, identifying key disease pathways is a priority for developing newer therapies. A role for Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in regulating endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell physiology has been reported in the systemic vasculature but hitherto unexplored in the pulmonary circulation. I hypothesised that TRAIL is an essential mediator in the pathogenesis of PAH. Methods: Expression of TRAIL in human and rodent PAH and the mitogenic effects of TRAIL on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were characterised. The pathogenic role of TRAIL in three independent rodent models of disease was determined and the efficacy of inhibiting TRAIL in halting or regressing established disease was tested. Phenotyping included cardiac catheterisation, echocardiography, and pulmonary vascular immunohistochemistry. Findings Gene and protein expression of TRAIL ligand and receptors were upregulated in PASMCs from patients with PAH. In-vitro TRAIL was a mitogen for PASMCs. TRAIL-deficient mice were protected from both hypoxia and diet-induced PAH. Antibody blockade prevented rats from developing MCT induced PAH. Bone marrow transplantation in chimeric mice supported a role for tissue derived TRAIL. In mice and rats with established disease, an anti-TRAIL antibody improved pulmonary haemodynamics, reversed pulmonary vascular remodeling, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in vascular lesions and significantly improved survival. Conclusion: My preclinical studies are the first to determine the importance of TRAIL in the pathogenesis of experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension and highlight its potential as a novel therapeutic target for directing future therapies.
The Effects of Neuromonitoring and Cerebrolysin Administration on Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury—An Interventional Pilot Study

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of death and an important burden to the worldwide healthcare system and society. There is a lack of guidelines for types of monitoring or neuroprotective therapy. The aim of this pilot study was to assess its feasibility and, furthermore, to evaluate the impact of Cerebrolysin on the following clinical outcomes: length of stay, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and mortality. Methods: A cohort of 56 patients was included in this non-randomised, real-time, pre–post-interventional study. The patients were assessed with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and divided into two groups: severe (GCS < 8) and non-severe (GCS > 8). After the radiological examination (CT scan), the patients were qualified for an immediate neurosurgical procedure if needed. The patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, where a standardised protocol for TBI treatment was implemented. Additional neuromonitoring was applied. Results: There were 56 patients (19 females; 33.9%), of which 41 were considered severe cases; the patients were allocated to the Cerebrolysin (n = 25) or control groups (n = 31). In a generalised linear model (GLM) approach, the use of Cerebrolysin was associated with a decrease in the probability of death in non-severe patients (by 0.333 (standard error (SE) = 0.157, p = 0.034)) but not in severe patients (estimate (Est.) = −0.115, SE = 0.127, p = 0.364). Patients who received Cerebrolysin and who were neuromonitored had favourable outcomes and better survival rates. Conclusions: A multimodal treatment approach with monitoring and Cerebrolysin may have a beneficial effect on patients with less severe TBIs; however, the present study has multiple limitations, and further research is needed.
Socioecological influencers of health-promoting lifestyles in Chinese: a preliminary survey using convenient samples

Background Healthy lifestyles are considered important means to reduce the burden of diseases. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the Ecological Model of Health Behavior (EMHB) to analyze the factors associated with the health-promoting lifestyles of Chinese residents. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional investigation in July 2023. Our investigated factors included social-demographic characteristics (including sex, age, education level, employment status, marital status, personal monthly income, and daily behavioral habits [which were measured by a questionnaire)], health literacy [which was measured by the Chinese version of the Health Literacy Scale Short-Form scale (HLS-SF12)], and family health [which was measured by the Chinese version of the Short-Form of the Family Health Scale (FHS-SF)]. Our outcome was health promoting lifestyle, which was measured by a revised version of Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-IIR). Data were analyzed using stepwise regression. Results A total of 1,402 participants were enrolled. Higher scores of HLS-SF12 (β = 0.467), having regular exercise (β = 0.212), and regular physical examination (β = 0.088) were associated with better health-prompting lifestyles. However, older age (≥60 years) (β = −0.046), drinking (β = −0.066), and sleeping time (5–6 h/day) (β = −0.048) were associated lower levels of health-prompting lifestyles. Living with family (β = 0.077), FHS-SF (β = 0.104), and married (β = −0.077) were significant influencers. Unemployed (β = −0.048), receiving retirement pay (β = −0.053), and economic support provided by parents (β = 0.094) were associated with better health-prompting lifestyles. There were multiple influencing factors of the six dimensions of the HPLP-IIR. Our findings indicate that community residents with higher health literacy, better family health, and health-related behaviors tend to have better health-promoting lifestyles. Conclusion Our findings have confirmed the complex impacts of social-ecological factors on health-promoting lifestyles, which may help policy makers with health-promotion strategies making and also help researchers to control for confounding in study design.
Enhancing the resilience of the orphans using the Ubuntu philosophy: A case of Marange community in Zimbabwe

The aim of the study was to enhance resilience among the orphans using the Ubuntu philosophy. The study adopted the descriptive design as it allowed the participants to describe felt distress. The study population was drawn from Marange district in Manicaland province in Zimbabwe. Purposive sampling technique was used in the study. The auto biological questionnaire was used to elicit the participants’ information. The provided information included the participants’ age, sex and orphan hood status as either double or single orphaned. A sample size of 15 participants was determined by the saturation level which occurred when similar responses were repeated by the participants. Data were collected using semi- structured interview questions and content data analysis was used. The community members served as protection factors against challenges experienced by the orphans. The shared cultural philosophy of Ubuntu invigorates the sense of belonging and confidence among the orphans. How to cite this article using ASWNet styleKwembeya M. (2023). Enhancing the resilience of the orphans using the Ubuntu philosophy: A case of Marange community in Zimbabwe. People centred – The Journal of Development Administration (JDA), 8(3), 50-58. https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/jda.v8i3. 1 Visit journal website: https://jda.africasocialwork. net
Transplantable Murine Tumors in the Studies of Peptide Antitumor Vaccines

Numerous studies have shown that antitumor vaccines based on synthetic peptides are safe and can induce both CD8+ and CD4+ tumor-specific T cell responses. However, clinical results are still scarce, and such approach to antitumor treatment has not gained a wide implication, yet. Recently, particular advances have been achieved due to tumor sequencing and the search for immunogenic neoantigens caused by mutations. One of the most important issues for peptide vaccines, along with the choice of optimal adjuvants and vaccination regimens, is the search for effective target antigens. Extensive studies of peptide vaccines, including those on murine models, are required to reveal the effective vaccine constructs. The review presents transplantable murine tumors with the detected peptides that showed antitumor efficacy as a vaccine compound.
Mild Behavioral Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: An Updated Review on the Clinical, Genetic, Neuroanatomical, and Pathophysiological Aspects

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), including depression, anxiety, apathy, visual hallucinations, and impulse control disorders, are very common during the course of Parkinson’s disease (PD), occurring even at the prodromal and premotor stages. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) represents a recently described neurobehavioral syndrome, characterized by the emergence of persistent and impactful NPS in later life, reflecting arisk of dementia. Accumulating evidence suggests that MBI is highly prevalent in non-demented patients with PD, also being associated with an advanced disease stage, more severe motor deficits, as well as global and multiple-domain cognitive impairment. Neuroimaging studies have revealed that MBI in patients with PD may be related todistinct patterns of brain atrophy, altered neuronal connectivity, and distribution of dopamine transporter (DAT) depletion, shedding more light on its pathophysiological background. Genetic studies in PD patients have also shown that specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may be associated with MBI, paving the way for future research in this field. In this review, we summarize and critically discuss the emerging evidence on the frequency, associated clinical and genetic factors, as well as neuroanatomical and neurophysiological correlates of MBI in PD, aiming to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology and its potential role as an early “marker” of cognitive decline, particularly in this population. In addition, we aim to identify research gaps, and propose novel relative areas of interest that could aid in our better understanding of the relationship of this newly defined diagnostic entity with PD.
IMPACT OF POTASSIUM ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS

Potassium plays a major role in enhancing tolerance of plants to drought by increasing translocation and maintaining water balance. A field experiment was undertaken to assess the growth and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under the various irrigation and potassium levels during 2013-14 in a three replicated split plot design. The treatments consisted of three irrigation levels (I0 = soaking dose, I1 = one irrigation at 35 days after sowing (DAS) and I2 = two irrigations at 35 and 70 DAS), and three potassium levels (K0 = 0.0 kg ha-1 (control), K1 = 25 kg ha-1 and K2 = 50 kg ha-1). The results indicate that irrigation and potassium levels affected significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the growth and yield of barley. Among irrigation levels, significantly (P ≤ 0.05) highest grain yield (2474.3 kg ha-1) was recorded with two irrigations (35 and 70 DAS). In case of potassium levels, considerably (P ≤ 0.05) maximum grain yield (2430.5 kg ha-1) was noted with potassium application rate of 50 kg ha-1. With respect to interactive effects, higher, though statistically equal (P ≥ 0.05), grain yield (2677.0 and 2570.7 kg ha-1) was documented in interactive effect of irrigation applied twice (35 and 70 DAS) x potassium applied at 50 kg ha-1, and one irrigation (35 DAS) x potassium at 50 kg ha-1, respectively. Our results suggest that potassium can compensate drought stress and its application at 50 kg ha-1 coupled with one irrigation (35 DAS) and/or two irrigations (35 and 70 DAS) can be suitable for obtaining optimum yield of barley.
Prevalence of depression in postmyocardial infarction patients in a tertiary care center in Riyadh

BACKGROUND: The coexistence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and depression is a growing concern, as both conditions lead to disability. Although depression is more prevalent in CAD patients than in the general population and has been associated with adverse cardiac outcomes, the underlying mechanisms linking depression and CAD are not yet fully understood. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depression in postmyocardial infarction (MI) patients as baseline data in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh. The study population included male and female patients who had survived MI from January 2022 to June 2022. A sample size of 323 patients was initially planned, but only 249 patients could be included on account of exclusions. The patients underwent screening for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and those who were positive on screening were further assessed using the PHQ-9 according to DSM-5 criteria. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and previous cardiac interventions were collected from medical records. RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants was 57.15 years, and majority (76.6%) were males. The prevalence of previously diagnosed depression was 9.2%, and 5.2% of patients reported using antidepressant medication. According to the PHQ-9 scores, 33.33% had depression, 9% had moderate depression, and 2.4% had severe depression. There were significant associations between the severity of depression and previous CAD (P < 0.05), previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery (P < 0.05), and heart failure (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study reveals a high prevalence of depression in post-MI patients at King Saud Medical City. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive management of depression in this population to improve outcomes. Further research into the underlying mechanisms linking depression and CAD to develop effective interventions is required.
Reconciling satellite aerosol optical thickness and surface fine particle mass through aerosol liquid water

Summertime aerosol optical thickness (AOT) over the southeast U.S. is sharply enhanced over wintertime values. This seasonal pattern is unique and of particular interest because temperatures there have not warmed over the past 100 years. Patterns in surface fine particle mass are inconsistent with satellite reported AOT. In this work, we attempt to reconcile the spatial and temporal distribution of AOT over the U.S. with particle mass measurements at the surface by examining trends in aerosol liquid water (ALW), a particle constituent that scatters radiation and affects satellite AOT but is removed in mass measurements at routine surface monitoring sites. We employ the thermodynamic model ISORROPIAv2.1 to estimate ALW mass concentrations at Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments sites using measured ion mass concentrations and North American Regional Reanalysis meteorological data. Excellent agreement between Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations AOT and estimated ALW provides a plausible explanation for the discrepancies in the geographical patterns of AOT and aerosol mass measurements.
Nonlinear elliptic equations by topological degree in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev spaces

"We prove by using the topological degree theory the existence of at least one weak solution for the nonlinear elliptic equation − div a1(x, ∇u) + a0(x, u) = f (x, u, ∇u) with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev spaces. Keywords: Nonlinear elliptic equation, Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev space, topological degree. "
Analysis of the Level of Community Satisfaction with Police in the Depok Metro Jurisdiction

Community satisfaction is an important instrument in determining the success of the police while carrying out their duties, because community satisfaction is a benchmark for police institutions in achieving reflexive and transitive goals. For this reason, this research aims to assess the extent of community satisfaction with the police in the Depok metro jurisdiction. 4 aspects are used to assess the level of public satisfaction with the police, namely aspects of performance effectiveness, procedural justice, police legitimacy and cooperation. This research uses survey techniques and distributes a set of research questionnaires. A descriptive statistical approach was used for data processing and analysis. The results show that the public is satisfied with the performance of the police in the Depok metro jurisdiction. The 4 aspects used to assess the level of community satisfaction showed an average value of 46.5% and 27.5% of respondents felt satisfied and very satisfied with the effectiveness of police performance; 54.6% and 30% of respondents were satisfied and very satisfied with procedural justice; 44% agree, 25.1% disagree with police legitimacy. Meanwhile cooperation or cooperation showed that 64.2% and 29.6% of respondents were satisfied and very satisfied with the model of cooperation with the police.