Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of extrusion-cooking temperature on the nutritive value of lupin seeds in fattening lambs

Twelve Polish-Merino lambs, divided into two groups of 6, were fattened from 18 to 39 kg body weight on diets containing 14% crude protein and 11% crude fibre in dry matter; 25% of crude protein was from untreated lupin seeds or a mixture of lupin extruded at 160°C with barley (1:1). Daily body weight gains of lambs fed extruded lupin seeds were higher (P<0.5) than those of lambs led the untreated lupine-barley mixture (234 vs 186 g). Feed efficiency was 5.0 kg dry matter and 729 g crude protein in lambs fed the untreated lupine-barley mixture and 4.2 kg dry matter and 597 g crude protein in animals receiving the extruded mixture. Effective protein degradability of untreated lupin was 0.85, untreated barley 0.75 or untreated lupin-barley mixture 0.80, whereas that of extruded at 130,140, 150 or 160°C lupin-barley mixtures gradually decreased from 0.70 to 0.67. The respective effective protein degradability values for barley extruded at 135 or 155°C were 0.72 and 0.60. The coefficient of intestinal protein digestion of untreated lupine was 0.59, of barley, 0.83, and of the lupin-barley mixture, 0.71, whereas for extruded lupin-barley mixtures, it only slightly increased with temperature from 0.92 to 0.94, while for extruded barley from 0.91 to 0.92. Substitution of unprocessed lupin seeds with extruded seeds decreased protein degradation in the rumen, increased protein intestinal digestibility and effectiveness of fattening lambs. Increasing the extrusion temperature to over 130°C did not significantly improve degradability in the rumen or intestinal digestibility of protein.
Avaliação da qualidade de prescrições de enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.31011/1519-339X.2018a18n85. 03 Objetiva-se avaliar, por meio de indicadores, a qualidade das prescrições de enfermagem da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI)para adultos de um hospital universitário público do Paraná, Brasil. Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, documental, de abordagemquantitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio das prescrições de enfermagem do primeiro e último dia de internamento (DI),elencadas em todos os prontuários de pacientes maiores de 18 anos de idade, internados nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de2016. Utilizou-se formulário próprio para a extração de variáveis (indicadores) e a análise deu-se por estatística descritiva. Foramavaliados 96 prontuários e 182 prescrições de enfermagem, porque 10 documentos estavam ausentes no primeiro ou último diade internamento. Sobressaíram os seguintes resultados: Conformidade de checagens de cuidados: 1º DI 876 (28,62%) e últimoDI 518 (15,99%). Na conformidade geral dos indicadores, obteve-se positividade de 92,70% para o indicador de elaboração daprescrição de enfermagem, e 22,12% para checagens de cuidados, o que classifi cou a qualidade destas ações como adequadae sofrível, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a qualidade das prescrições de enfermagem, quanto à sua elaboração, é satisfatória. Porém, a checagem de cuidados denota fragilidade na adesão às prescrições. Palavras-chave: Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde; Processo de Enfermagem; Gestão da Qualidade;Enfermagem; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. ABsTRAcTThe aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of nursing prescriptions of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) foradults of a public university hospital in Paraná, Brazil. A cross-sectional study, retrospective, documentary, withthe quantitative approach. Data were collected through the nursing prescriptions of the fi rst and last day ofhospitalization (DH), listed in all medical records of patients over 18 years and hospitalized in January andFebruary of 2016. A form was used for the extraction of variables (indicators) and the analysis was by descriptivestatistics. 96 medical records and 182 nursing prescriptions were evaluated, because 10 documents were absenton the fi rst or last day of hospitalization. The following results emerged: Conformity of care checks: 1st DI 876(28.62%) and last DH 518 (15.99%). In the general conformity of the indicators, a positive rate of 92.70% wasobtained for the elaboration of nursing prescription indicator, and 22.12% for care checks, which classifi ed thequality of these actions as adequate and suffering, respectively. It is concluded that the quality of the nursingprescriptions, as far as its elaboration, is satisfactory. However, checking for care denotes fragility in complianceto prescriptions.Keywords: Quality Indicators in Health Care; Nursing Process; Quality Management; Nursing; Intensive Care Unit.
Waves of destruction in the East Indies: the Wichmann catalogue of earthquakes and tsunami in the Indonesian region from 1538 to 1877

Abstract The two volumes of Arthur Wichmann's Die Erdbeben Des Indischen Archipels [The Earthquakes of the Indian Archipelago] (1918 and 1922) document 61 regional earthquakes and 36 tsunamis between 1538 and 1877 in the Indonesian region. The largest and best documented are the events of 1770 and 1859 in the Molucca Sea region, of 1629, 1774 and 1852 in the Banda Sea region, the 1820 event in Makassar, the 1857 event in Dili, Timor, the 1815 event in Bali and Lombok, the events of 1699, 1771, 1780, 1815, 1848 and 1852 in Java, and the events of 1797, 1818, 1833 and 1861 in Sumatra. Most of these events caused damage over a broad region, and are associated with years of temporal and spatial clustering of earthquakes. The earthquakes left many cities in ‘rubble heaps’. Some events spawned tsunamis with run-up heights >15 m that swept many coastal villages away. 2004 marked the recurrence of some of these events in western Indonesia. However, there has not been a major shallow earthquake (M≥8) in Java and eastern Indonesia for the past 160 years. During this time of relative quiescence, enough tectonic strain energy has accumulated across several active faults to cause major earthquake and tsunami events, such as those documented in the historical records presented here. The disaster potential of these events is much greater now than in the past due to exponential growth in population and urbanization in areas destroyed by past events. Supplementary material: Translation of the catalogues into English, scanned PDFs of the original catalogues and geographical locations of most place names found in the catalogue (as a KMZ file) are available at https://dx.doi. org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.2860405. v1
Roles of flavonoid compounds in determining the shelf life of tomato fruit

This thesis examines the role of flavonoid compounds in determining the shelf life of tomato fruit. Shelf life is one of the most important traits for tomato industry. Although there are many approaches to enhance the post-harvest performance of tomato fruit, most of them would have side effects such as reducing fruit quality. My work showed that accumulation of anthocyanins in tomato fruit by over expressing Delila and Rosea 1, two transcriptional factors from Antirrhinum majus, can extend tomato shelf life significantly. Compared to WT tomato fruit, the anthocyanin-enriched purple fruit have double the shelf life including delayed over-ripening and reduced susceptibility to the fungal pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. My data indicate that the delayed over-ripening is associated with the high antioxidant capacity of purple tomato and the reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea is due to the high scavenging ability of anthocyanins. Using Aft/Aft atv/atv, a conventionally bred tomato variety which accumulates anthoycanin predominantly in the skin, I showed that accumulation of anthocyanins in tomato skin can be sufficient to extend fruit shelf life. The scientific findings from transgenic crop studies can provide new strategies for conventional breeding improved fruit quality. My research also revealed that, as a general principle, flavonoids extend tomato shelf life. For ripening and over-ripening, increasing total antioxidant capacity by accumulating flavonoids of different types can delay these processes. To reduce susceptibility to B. cinerea, however, the effects of different flavonoids depend on their scavenging abilities, which are determined by their molecular structures. Taken together these findings demonstrate that increasing total antioxidant capacity by accumulating different flavonoid compounds offers a general strategy to delay over-ripening of tomato fruit. However, to reduce susceptibility to B. cinerea, flavonoid compounds with high scavenging activity should be used.
Characterization of Various Hypericum perforatum Clones by Hypericin and RAPD Analyses

Hypericum perforatum L. is a pharmaceutically important medicinal plant with antidepressant, antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer effects of its metabolites. The hypericin contents and genetic structures of superior H. perforatum clones were identified by spectrophotometric analysis and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, respectively. At the first harvest the hypericin content of the clones was higher than second harvest and higher in 2007 compared to 2008. For initial screening, 38 random primers were used and 26 of them detected a total of 378 scorable fragments. Effective multiplex ratio (EMR), average heterozygosity (Hav), marker index (MI), resolving power (RP) and polymorphic information content (PIC) of the primers were calculated for RAPD marker system. Genetic similarity value among the clones varied from 0.40 to 0.93 and the average genetic similarity values was determined as 0.60. Clustering based on RAPD data showed a partial relationship on a regional basis in the clones. Cluster analyses of hypericin contents and RAPD markers grouped the clones in two major clusters and significant correlations were observed between them. In conclusion, combined analysis of RAPD markers and hypericin content is an optimal approach for further progress and breeding programs. © 2011 Friends Science Publishers
Radio Monitoring of OJ 287 and Binary Black Hole Models for Periodic Outbursts

The BL Lac-type active galaxy OJ 287 exhibits a 12 year periodicity with a double-peaked maxima in its optical flux variations. Several models sought to explain this periodicity, the first one firmly established in any active galactic nucleus (AGN), as a result of the orbital motion of a pair of supermassive black holes. In one class of models the orientation of the jets changes in a regular manner, and the optical flaring is due to a consequent increase in the Doppler boosting factor. In another class of models the optical flaring reflects a true increase in luminosity, either due to an enhanced accretion during the pericenter passage or due to a collision between the secondary black hole and the accretion disk of the primary black hole. However, these models have been based solely on the optical data. Here we consider the full radio flux density monitoring data between 8 and 90 GHz from the Michigan, Metsähovi, and Swedish-ESO Submillimeter Telescope AGN monitoring programs. We find that the radio flux density and polarization data, as well as the optical polarization data, indicate that the first of the two optical peaks is a thermal flare occurring in the vicinity of the black hole and the accretion disk, while the second one is a synchrotron flare originating in a shocked region down the jet. None of the proposed binary black hole models for OJ 287 offers satisfactory explanations for these observations. We suggest a new scenario, in which a secondary black hole penetrates the accretion disk of the primary during the pericenter passage, causing a thermal flare visible only in the optical regime. The pericenter passage enhances accretion into the primary black hole, leading to increased jet flow and formation of shocks down the jet. These become visible as standard radio and optical synchrotron flares roughly a year after the pericenter passage and are identified with the second optical peaks. In addition to explaining the radio and the optical data, our model eliminates the need for a strong precession of the binary and for an ultramassive (≥1010 M☉) primary black hole. If our interpretation is correct, the next periodic optical flare, a thermal one, should occur around 2006 September 25. Nonthermal, simultaneous optical and radio flares should follow about a year later.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Alternating Minimization , Scaling Algorithms , and the Null-Cone Problem from Invariant Theory

Alternating minimization heuristics seek to solve a (difficult) global optimization task through iteratively solving a sequence of (much easier) local optimization tasks on different parts (or blocks) of the input parameters. While popular and widely applicable, very few examples of this heuristic are rigorously shown to converge to optimality, and even fewer to do so efficiently. In this paper we present a general framework which is amenable to rigorous analysis, and expose its applicability. Its main feature is that the local optimization domains are each a group of invertible matrices, together naturally acting on tensors, and the optimization problem is minimizing the norm of an input tensor under this joint action. The solution of this optimization problem captures a basic problem in Invariant Theory, called the null-cone problem. This algebraic framework turns out to encompass natural computational problems in combinatorial optimization, algebra, analysis, quantum information theory, and geometric complexity theory. It includes and extends to high dimensions the recent advances on (2-dimensional) operator scaling [14, 11, 22]. Our main result is a fully polynomial time approximation scheme for this general problem, which may be viewed as a multi-dimensional scaling algorithm. This directly leads to progress on some of the problems in the areas above, and a unified view of others. We explain how faster convergence of an algorithm for the same problem will allow resolving central open problems. Our main techniques come from Invariant Theory, and include its rich non-commutative duality theory, and new bounds on the bitsizes of coefficients of invariant polynomials. They enrich the algorithmic toolbox of this very computational field of mathematics, and are directly related to some challenges in geometric complexity theory (GCT). 1998 ACM Subject Classification F.2. 1 Numerical Algorithms and Problems, G.1. 6 Optimization ∗ This work was partially supported by an NWO Veni grant no. 680-47-459 and a DFG grant BU 1371 2-2. † A full version of the paper is available at https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.08039, [6]. © Peter Bürgisser, Ankit Garg, Rafael Oliveira, Michael Walter, and Avi Wigderson; licensed under Creative Commons License CC-BY 9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018). Editor: Anna R. Karlin; Article No. 24; pp. 24:1–24:20 Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, Dagstuhl Publishing, Germany 24:2 Alternating Min., Scaling Alg. , and the Null-Cone Problem from Invariant Theory
The first molecular phylogeny of Buthidae (Scorpiones)

Summary The first partial phylogeny of family Buthidae (17 genera) is presented, based on molecular data (16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA). The strong support for a monophyletic Old World group of 13 genera (mainly Palearctic desert forms) is demonstrated, while representative genera from Madagascar (Grosphus) and Southeast Asia (Lychas) group outside, as well as New World genera Centruroides and Rhopalurus. A very strong support is observed for the first time for three groups of Old World genera: (a) Compsobuthus, Mesobuthus, Liobuthus, Kraepelinia; (b) Hottentotta, Buthacus; (c) Orthochirus, Anomalobuthus. Phylogenetic hypotheses are discussed.
The acute effects of dopaminergic medication and deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus on basic executive functions including shifting, updating and inhibition in Parkinson’s disease patients

The general aim of the present PhD thesis is to investigate the effects of two common treatments of Parkinson’s disease (PD), dopamine medication and deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), on executive functions (EFs) including the abilities of shifting, updating and inhibition in patients relative to age-matched healthy controls. The thesis consisted of four studies. Study 1 examined the acute effect of dopamine medication on PD patients who had been previously diagnosed with impulsive control disorders (ICDs) using a moving dots paradigm to assess their abilities of context monitoring. Study 2 created predictive models using behavioural data from the previous studies to build classification predictive models, to demonstrate that behavioural patterns on a moving dots task could potentially be used as a screening tool in predicting vulnerability to develop ICDs in PD patients. Study 3 examined the acute effects of STN DBS on task switching using a moving dots paradigm in PD patients. Study 4 investigated the acute effects of STN DBS on reprogramming actions when encountering surprising events, using a probabilistic reaction time (RT) task. It was hypothesised that for both treatments, being ON states would induce impaired executive functions that lead to faster RTs and more incorrect responses in PD patients, due to the ‘dopamine overdose hypothesis’ and the DBS interrupting the role of the STN in inhibitory control. In summary, the acute manipulation of both treatments did not render significantly negative effects on PD patients behaviourally. However, PD patients still showed certain difference on task performance compared to age-matched healthy controls, which may shed lights on the role of basal ganglia in basic abilities of EFs. Furthermore, the behavioural patterns on tasks involving core aspects of EFs may potentially be used to predict the onset of ICDs, which provides benefits to clinical purpose.
Exploring occupational gender-role stereotypes of male nurses: A South African study.

AIM The aim of the study was to investigate stereotypes of occupational gender roles about male nurses, as viewed from both emic and etic perspectives. BACKGROUND Male nurses are a minority group in health institutions. Stereotypes have been questioned regarding these males' occupational role and presence in the nursing profession. DESIGN A qualitative description design was used. METHODS During 2016, semi-structured interviews (N = 30) were conducted with male nurses (n = 10) (emic group), female nurses (n = 10) and discharged patients (n = 10) (etic groups) from four public hospitals. RESULTS Seven categories with respective themes and subthemes emerged. Three categories were captured for emic groups, namely, existing stereotypes, experiences of stereotyping and the influences of stereotypes on work performance. Four categories emerged for etic groups, namely, treatment preferences, types of stereotyping towards male nurses, origin of stereotypes and effects of stereotypes. CONCLUSION Positive and negative stereotypes were reported by both emic and etic groups, with etic groups revealing more stereotypes. Effort should be made by both management in the practice environment and the media to counter the stereotyping of male nurses.
Altitudinal and environmental variation in lifespan in the Copper butterfly Lycaena tityrus

Summary 1. Variation in longevity within and between natural populations is widespread, and understanding the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors as well as their interactions in mediating such variation is crucial in longevity research. 2. In this study lifespan of adult copper butterflies was examined in relation to altitude, temperature (20 and 27 � C), sex and adult feeding. 3. As expected, longevity increased with decreasing temperature, and sucrose-fed butterflies had longer lifespans compared to water-fed and finally non-fed individuals. The impact of feeding, especially of having access to water or not, was larger at the higher compared to the lower temperature. 4. Regarding altitudinal patterns, increased lifespan in high-altitude populations was largely restricted to beneficial feeding conditions, while under carbohydrate deprivation low-altitude animals lived longer, suggesting that low-altitude butterflies do better under food stress. 5. Differences in longevity between sexes were small at 20 � C, while females lived substantially longer than males at the higher temperature. Consequently, females may be less susceptible to high temperature stress than males. Further, males suffered more from food stress than females, suggesting that females are generally more stress resistant than males. 6. Using a full factorial design, this study demonstrates that variation in longevity is caused by several factors, and additionally by substantial interactive effects. Consequently, patterns of variation in longevity are complex, and one needs to be cautious when neglecting this source of variation, by focussing on individual factors only.
Essays in Semiparametric Econometrics

This dissertation studies how the estimation of first-stage nuisance parameters associated with control and instrumental variables affects second-stage estimation of treatment-effect parameters. Chapter 1 approaches the analysis of experimental data as a mechanism-design problem that acknowledges that researchers choose between estimators according to their own preferences. Specifically, I focus on covariate adjustments, which can increase the precision of a treatmenteffect estimate, but open the door to bias when researchers engage in specification searches. I establish that unbiasedness is a requirement on the estimation of the average treatment effect that aligns researchers’ preferences with the minimization of the mean-squared error relative to the truth, and that fixing the bias can yield an optimal restriction in a minimax sense. I then provide a characterization of unbiased treatment-effect estimators as sample-splitting procedures. Chapter 2 gives two examples in which we can improve estimation by shrinking in highdimensional nuisance parameters while avoiding or even reducing the bias in a low-dimensional target parameter. I first consider shrinkage estimation of the nuisance parameters associated with control variables in a linear model, and show that for at least three control variables the standard least-squares estimator is dominated with respect to variance in the treatment effect even among unbiased estimators when treatment is exogenous. Second, I consider shrinkage in the estimation of first-stage instrumental variable coefficients in a two-stage linear regression model. For at least four instrumental variables, I establish that the standard two-stage least-squares estimator is dominated with respect to bias.
The Runtech Study: risk factors and their association(s) in relationto overuse injuries in recreational male runners

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