Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deterrence, Rational Choice, and White-Collar Crime: Occupational Health and Safety in Bangladesh RMG Sector

——————————————————————————————————————i CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ———————————————————————————-01 10 1.1 Research Aim and Objective 1.2 Structure of the Research 1.3 Background of the Research 1.4 Legal Provisions for OHS in Bangladesh’s RMG Sector 1.4.1 Bangladesh Labour [Amendment} Act, 2013 1.4.2 Code of Conduct (COC) from BGMEA 1.4.3 ILO Conventions 1.5 The Supply Chain and their Code of Conduct (COC) 1.6 Summary CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ————————————————————————-11 26 2.1 Deterrence Theory and Rational Choice Theory 2.2 The Concept of White-Collar Crime 2.3 Evasion of the OHS Provisions and Crime 2.4 Deterrence and White-Collar Crime 2.5 Global Supply Chain and Social Compliance 2.6 Relevant Studies and Research Gap 2.7 Summary CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH QUESTIONS ———————————————————————-27 28 3.1 Research Questions CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY ———————————————————————————-29 40 4.1 Philosophical Standpoint 4.2 Research Design 4.3 Case Studies 4.4 Qualitative Questionnaire 4.4.1 Sampling and Data Collection 4.5 Ethical Issues 4.5.1 Information Page 4.5.2 Informed Consent 4.5. 3 Degree of Freedom 4.5. 4 Degree of Fairness 4.5. 5 Researcher’s Own Principles CHAPTER 5: CASE ANALYSIS ———————————————————————————-41 46 5.1 Case One: Tazreen Fashions Ltd. 5.2 Case Two: Rana Plaza CHAPTER 6: FINDINGS ——————————————————————————————-47 56 6.1 Themes from the Cases and Questionnaire Responses 6.2 Theme 1: Factory owners’. workplace accidents 6.3 Theme 2: Factory owners’. OHS arrangements 6.4 Theme 3: The issues.supply chains 6.5 Theme 4: The factory.negligence/avoidance CHAPTER 7: DISCUSSION —————————————————————————————57 65 7.1 Reiteration of the Research Objective 7.2 Different Interpretations of the Respondents 7.2.1 Conformity with the. Subcontracted Factories 7.2.2 OHS as a Deterrent Factor 7.2.3 Evasion of OHS Provisions and White-Collar Crime 7.3 Summary CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSION ————————————————————————————-66 69 8.1 Synopsis of the Research 8.2 Limitations of the Research 8.3 Implication of the Research 8.4 Recommendation for Future Research 8.5 Concluding Remark ACKNOWLEDGEMENT —————————————————————————————————-ii REFERENCES ———————————————————————————————————iii xiv APPENDIX A: Sample of Qualitative Questionnaire -——————————————————-xv xvii APPENDIX B: i. List of ILO conventions ratified by Bangladesh ii. List of ILO connections not ratified by Bangladesh APPENDIX C: i. Sample Retailer’s COC TAKKO Fashion ii. Sample Retailer’s COC Next Plc APPENDIX D: Photos LIST OF TABLE TABLE 1: Ratification of ILO Conventions by Bangladesh ——————————————————07
Phenology of the Mencía Variety Cultivated in a Territory Included in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves

The study of grapevine phenology is very useful for vineyard management and control, as it allows the application of phytosanitary treatments at the phenological stages where the crop is most susceptible to different diseases, mainly cryptogamic. This work describes the phenological behaviour of the red Mencía variety, the most common in the Ribeira Sacra Designation of Origin (Northwest Spain), as well as its thermal requirements throughout its vegetative cycle. It has been carried out in a vineyard located in the highest areas of the Sil River canyon, during the year 2021. The observations were made on 10 vines and the phenological scale used was the one standardized by the BBCH. The vegetative cycle, from the beginning of sprouting to the harvest, took 163 days, during which 5097 GDD (Growing Degrees-Days) were accumulated.
Assessment of Physicochemical and In Vivo Biological Properties of Polymeric Nanocapsules Based on Chitosan and Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-alt-itaconic anhydride)

Drug delivery is an important field of nanomedicine, and its aim is to deliver specific active substances to a precise site of action in order to produce a desired pharmacological effect. In the present study nanocapsules were obtained by a process of interfacial condensation between chitosan (dissolved in the aqueous phase) and poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-alt-itaconic anhydride), a highly reactive copolymer capable of easily opening the anhydride ring under the action of amine groups of chitosan. The formed amide bonds led to the formation of a hydrogel membrane. The morphology of the obtained nanocapsules, their behavior in aqueous solution of physiological pH, and their ability to encapsulate and release a model drug can be modulated by the parameters of the synthesis process, such as the molar ratio between functional groups of polymers and the ratio of the phases in which the polymers are solubilized. Although a priori both polymers are biocompatible, this paper reports the results of a very detailed in vivo study conducted on experimental animals which have received the obtained nanocapsules by three administration routes—intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and oral. The organs taken from the animals’ kidney, liver, spleen, and lung and analyzed histologically demonstrated the ability of nanocapsules to stimulate the monocytic macrophage system without producing inflammatory changes. Moreover, their in vivo behavior has been shown to depend not only on the route of administration but also on the interaction with the cells of the organs with which they come into contact. The results clearly argue the biocompatibility of nanocapsules and hence the possibility of their safe use in biomedical applications.
Humoral immunity against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants including omicron in solid organ transplant recipients after three doses of a COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) receiving post‐transplant immunosuppression show increased COVID‐19‐related mortality. It is unclear whether an additional dose of COVID‐19 vaccines can overcome the reduced immune responsiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variants.
Primary Cardiac Lymphoma Arising from Both Sides of the Heart

Primary cardiac lymphomas (PCLs) are extremely rare tumors with a poor prognosis. They usually involve the pericardium and the right side of the heart. PCLs arising from the left side of the heart are relatively rare, with bilateral cases being even rarer. We herein report a case of PCL arising from both the right and left sides of the heart in a 65-year-old man. Multiple imaging modalities clearly demonstrated the tumors at the initial evaluation. The pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Improving sound absorption bandwidth of micro-perforated panel by adding porous materials

Micro-perforated panel (MPP) has been widely used in acoustic treatments due to its wideband sound absorption coefficient. When the MPP is applied to absorb low frequency noise, more space is required, while at the same time sound absorption bandwidth becomes narrow. In this paper, a combined absorption structure containing the MPP, airspace and porous materials is proposed to improve the sound absorption bandwidth of MPP. The absorption coefficients of combined absorption structures were calculated and as well were measured in the impedance tube. The measured and predicted results are well agreed in the frequency of interest. When the porous materials are put in front of the MPP and there is an air layer between them, the sound absorption is much better in comparison with that of the porous materials are located behind the MPP.
Left Atrial Strain: Clinical Use and Future Applications—A Focused Review Article

Atrial cardiomyopathy represents a process of structural and functional changes affecting the atria and leading eventually to clinical manifestation of atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke. Multimodality imaging provides a comprehensive evaluation of atrial remodeling and plays a crucial role in the decision-making process in treatment strategy. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the topic of left atrial strain imaging using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). We focus on our recently published data on left atrial remodeling assessed by 2D-STE versus high-density voltage mapping in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Antioxidant Activity of Ruthenium Cyclopentadienyl Complexes Bearing Succinimidato and Phthalimidato Ligands

In these studies, we investigated the antioxidant activity of three ruthenium cyclopentadienyl complexes bearing different imidato ligands: (η5-cyclopentadienyl)Ru(CO)2-N-methoxysuccinimidato (1), (η5-cyclopentadienyl)Ru(CO)2-N-ethoxysuccinimidato (2), and (η5-cyclopentadienyl)Ru(CO)2-N-phthalimidato (3). We studied the effects of ruthenium complexes 1–3 at a low concentration of 50 µM on the viability and the cell cycle of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and HL-60 leukemic cells exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Moreover, we examined the influence of these complexes on DNA oxidative damage, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We have observed that ruthenium complexes 1–3 increase the viability of both normal and cancer cells decreased by H2O2 and also alter the HL-60 cell cycle arrested by H2O2 in the sub-G1 phase. In addition, we have shown that ruthenium complexes reduce the levels of ROS and oxidative DNA damage in both cell types. They also restore SOD activity reduced by H2O2. Our results indicate that ruthenium complexes 1–3 bearing succinimidato and phthalimidato ligands have antioxidant activity without cytotoxic effect at low concentrations. For this reason, the ruthenium complexes studied by us should be considered interesting molecules with clinical potential that require further detailed research.
Determination of Deoxygenation Coefficient for Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla Creeks in Basrah City/ South of Iraq

Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla creeks, which composes the study area, are two of the main six creeks branched from Shatt Al- Arab river in Basrah province, south of Iraq. They are used as open drains for discharging untreated sanitary sewage which caused the depletion of their dissolved oxygen and subsequently the deterioration of their water quality. To study the impact of discharging untreated sanitary sewage on study area water quality, measured in terms of dissolved oxygen concentration, it is necessary to determine the values of deoxygenation coefficient (K1). The aim of this study is to find K1 values for the study area using laboratory results of BOD time series analyses. For this purpose, water samples were collected from eight locations distributed along the study area. Thomas graphical method was applied to calculate K1. The results showed that the K1 values for Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla creeks ranged from 0.279 to 0.488 day ˗ 1 at 20 °C with ultimate BOD values varied over the range (40.5-258.6) mg/l. These results revealed that the water in Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla creeks has the characteristics of raw sewage.
Fluid Intelligence and Competence Development in Secondary Schooling: No Evidence for a Moderating Role of Conscientiousness

Fluid intelligence and conscientiousness are important predictors of students’ academic performance and competence gains. Although their individual contributions have been widely acknowledged, less is known about their potential interplay. Do students profit disproportionately from being both smart and conscientious? We addressed this question using longitudinal data from two large student samples of the German National Educational Panel Study. In the first sample, we analyzed reading and mathematics competencies of 3778 fourth graders (Mage = 9.29, 51% female) and gains therein until grade 7. In the second sample, we analyzed the same competencies in 4942 seventh graders (Mage = 12.49, 49% female) and gains therein until grade 9. The results of (moderated) latent change score models supported fluid intelligence as the most consistent predictor of competence levels and gains, whereas conscientiousness predicted initial competence levels in mathematics and reading as well as gains in mathematics (but not reading) only in the older sample. There was no evidence for interaction effects between fluid intelligence and conscientiousness. We found only one statistically significant synergistic interaction in the older sample for gains in reading competence, which disappeared when including covariates. Although our findings point to largely independent effects of fluid intelligence and conscientiousness on competence gains, we delineate avenues for future research to illuminate their potential interplay.
Wideband asymmetric microstrip‐fed circularly polarized antenna with monofilar spiral stub for WLAN application

A wideband circularly polarized printed antenna is proposed and fabricated, which employs monofilar spiral stubs and a slit in the asymmetrical ground plane which are fed by an inverted L‐shaped microstrip feedline. The CP operation is realized by embedding an inverted‐L shaped strip and modified ground plane and can be markedly improved by loading monofilar spiral stubs asymmetrically connected at the edge of the ground plane. After optimization, the measured results of the finally structure demonstrate that a 10‐dB bandwidth of 67.6% from 4.6 to 9.3 GHz and a 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidth (ARBW) for circular polarization (CP) of 60.1% from 5 to 9.3 GHz could be achieved which could completely cover the WLAN (5.725‐5.85 GHz) band. Therefore, the proposed antenna is suitable for circular polarization applications in C band. To explain the mechanism of broadband circular polarization operation, the analysis of magnetic fields distributions and a parametric study of the design are given. Compared to other recent works, a simpler structure, wider axial ratio and impedance bandwidths and a more compact size are the key features of the proposed antenna.
Effect of Radiation Defects on Thermo–Mechanical Properties of UO2 Investigated by Molecular Dynamics Method

Nuclear fuel performance is deteriorated due to radiation defects. Therefore, to investigate the effect of irradiation-induced defects on nuclear fuel properties is essential. In this work, the influence of radiation defects on the thermo-mechanical properties of UO2 within 600–1500 K has been studied using the molecular dynamics method. Two types of point defects have been investigated in the present work: Frenkel pairs and antisites with concentrations of 0 to 5%. The results indicate that these point defects reduce the thermal expansion coefficient (α) at all studied temperatures. The elastic modulus at finite temperatures decreases linearly with the increase in concentration of Frenkel defects and antisites. The extent of reduction (R) in elastic modulus due to two different defects follows the trend Rf > Ra for all studied defect concentrations. All these results indicate that Frenkel pairs and antisite defects could degrade the performance of UO2 and should be seriously considered for estimation of radiation damage in nuclear fuels used in nuclear reactors.
Home Range and Activity Patterns of Free-Ranging Cats: A Case Study from a Chinese University Campus

Simple Summary In this study, we used collar-mounted sensors to determine the home range size of free-ranging cats on a Chinese university campus. Twenty-nine adult cats (fifteen males and fourteen females) were tracked via attached GPS units from October 2018 to June 2020. Throughout the study, home range sizes ranged from 0.56 to 19.83 ha at 95% KDE for all cats. The home range of free-ranging cats is affected by the breeding status and sex; for example, male cats tend to have a larger home range size in the breeding season than in the non-breeding season, and in the breeding season, male cats generally have a larger home range than females. In the study of activity patterns, we provided the activity steps of free-ranging cats at different times of the day, and the mean (±SE) number of steps a cat takes per day was 19,863.96 ± 1627.21. The results show that free-ranging cats have more intense activities at twilight and relatively lower activity intensity in the afternoon. Our study provided a case study of the home range and activity patterns of free-ranging cats living on a Chinese university campus, and provided theoretical support for the management and conservation implications of free-ranging cats in cities. Abstract Human activities and the available resources influence the home range and activity patterns of free-ranging cats. Our objective in this study was to determine sex and breeding season vs. non-breeding season home range size, as well as activity patterns for unowned free-ranging cats at a university campus in China. Twenty-nine adult cats (fifteen males and fourteen females) were tracked with attached GPS units from October 2018 to June 2020. We considered the effects of sex and breeding status on the home range size of free-ranging cats. Male cats had larger home ranges (95% KDE: 12.60 ± 2.61 ha) than female cats (95% KDE: 5.02 ± 1.34 ha) in the breeding season. There was a seasonal effect on the home range size of male cats; for example, during the non-breeding season, the home range (95% KDE: 6.68 ± 1.22 ha) was smaller than that during the breeding season (95% KDE: 12.60 ± 2.61 ha), while female cats tended to have larger home ranges in the non-breeding season (95% KDE: 7.73 ± 2.77 ha) than in the breeding season (95% KDE: 5.02 ± 1.34 ha). We used the number of activity steps to measure the activity intensity of cats to explore their activity patterns. The mean (±SE) number of steps a cat takes per day was 19,863.96 ± 1627.21. There were two peak periods of activity in a day, 6:00–10:00 and 17:00–21:00. Our study provided a case study of the home range and activity patterns of free-ranging cats living on a Chinese university campus, and the results show that the home range of free-ranging cats is affected by the breeding status and sex, and free-ranging cats have more intense activities at twilight and relatively lower activity intensity in the afternoon. The results provided theoretical support for the management and conservation implications of free-ranging cats in cities.
Virtual Testing in Automated Driving Systems Certification. A longitudinal dynamics Validation Example

The safety validation of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) needs a combination of tools to ensure testing in a broad range of traffic scenarios. Among the others, virtual testing is expected to play a major role in the future. Differently from other methods, virtual testing allows examining an ADS in complex driving scenarios involving several road users and characterized by any level of criticality in a safe, efficient and effective way. However, before virtual testing can be used in the ADS certification process, proper validation methodologies have to be established to ensure the appropriateness of the simulation-generated evidence to the end of establishing a “virtual proving ground” regardless of the specific ADS. In this context, the present paper summarizes the results of the virtual environment validation exercise which involved a Vehicle-Hardware-in-the-Loop (VeHIL) setup against real-world experiments. The analysis only embraces the longitudinal dynamics due to the limitation of the virtual environment. Nonetheless, the methodology presented can be straightforwardly extended to different toolchains to cover more advanced ADS for the sake of virtual certification. The manuscript has a twofold contribution. On one side, it gives a quantitative estimation of the fidelity level achievable using a state-of-the-art VeHIL environment, thus standing apart from validation activities purely based on qualitative comparisons and contributions mostly concerned with the validation of the ADS itself. Secondly, it provides an end-to-end validation procedure that could be generalized to other cases of study or different testing setups. The results achieved are encouraging as they show an overall good match between real-world and simulated data. However, open issues remain in order to define a complete validation framework for virtual testing environments.
Experimental Modeling and Stay Force Estimation of Cable-Stayed Bridges

Advances in material and construction technology has resulted in long span bridges being built with increasing regularity. Because of their aesthetic value and reduced construction requirements, among many other factors, cable-stayed bridges have become the design of choice for medium to long spans. As confidence grows in bridges of this type, their span lengths are being pushed to new boundaries. This has had the unavoidable consequence of creating a more lively structure. The collection of cables on a given stay bridge possess a wide range of closely spaced natural frequencies and any arbitrary source of excitation, i.e., wind, traffic, superstructure motion, is likely to provide energy at an arbitrary resonant cable(s) frequency. Cable-stayed bridge designs have continuously evolved in response to experiences encountered with previous designs. A study put forth by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provided a collective discussion for what types of modifications have been applied and the degree of their success and put forth a consistent set of guidelines for reducing cable vibrations in future bridge designs. As mentioned in the study, many early bridge designs did not incorporate measures to reduce cable vibrations, but those that did have reported few cable concerns. Two cable-stayed bridges recently constructed by the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) incorporate measures put forth by the FHWA study to mitigate stay motion. Also, following recent design trends, the stays at this bridge were constructed without the use of grout for the purpose of inspection and, if necessary, strand replacement. A common approach for objective condition assessment of the stays involves experimentally estimating cable force. The predominant method for estimating cable force uses an indirect approach where an accelerometer is mounted on the cable sheath, or a non-contact laser vibrometer is aimed at the sheath from a distance, to measure cable resonant frequencies and from these frequencies cable tension can be estimated. Several experiments were performed by the University of Cincinnati Infrastructure Institute (UCII) to determine the viability of using traditional vibration techniques, which assume an integral sheath, to estimate cable tension with this new configuration.
The Impact of Corporate Governance, Leverage, and Profitability on Intellectual Capital Disclosure with Company Size as a Moderating Variable

This research focuses to examine the impact of Corporate Governance, Leverage, and Profitability on Intellectual Capital Disclosure with Company Size as a Moderating Variable. This research method is descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The data used in this study is secondary data, namely the annual report obtained from www.IDX. co.id and the corporate governance perception index report obtained from The Indonesian Institute for Corporate Governance. The number of samples is 46 data with the technique of taking using the purposive sampling method. The findings of this study demonstrate that the Corporate Governance variable has no impact on Intellectual Capital Disclosure, Leverage and Profitability variables have a negative and significant impact on Intellectual Capital Disclosure, the company Size variable cannot moderate the relationship linking Corporate Governance and Intellectual Capital Disclosure, and the company Size variable can strengthen the relationship linking Leverage and Profitability on Intellectual Capital Disclosure. This study can be implemented by corporates to analyze the role of corporate governance, leverage, and profitability on intellectual capital disclosure with company size as a moderating variable and is expected to be a reference in policy making by corporates management to increase its intellectual capital.disclosure.