Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Line Beam Scanning-Based Ultra-Fast THz Imaging Platform

In order to realize rapid THz detecting and imaging, a line beam scanning-based ultra-fast THz imaging platform is designed combining simple optical components and lightweight mechanical system. The designed THz imaging platform has the resolution of 12 mm, the scanning angle range of ±10.5°, the scanning speed of 0.17 s/frame, and the scanning range of 2 m × 0.8 m; moreover, it can realize rapid human body THz imaging and distinguish metallic objects. Considering its high-quality performance in THz imaging and detecting, it is believed the proposed line beam scanning-based ultra-fast THz imaging platform can be used in the future in various safe screening applications.
Sexual Assault against Women of Color

Summary : This paper approaches the issue of sexual assault against women of color from an intersectional perspective. By analyzing the current body of research on the subject, I argue that women of color's experience of sexual assault is fundamentally different from that of White women for multiple reasons. While the available research does explain certain aspects of women of color's experiences, additional research is necessary in order to improve our understanding of and the care we provide for women of color who have been sexually assaulted. Because women of color have been subjugated to a long history of racism and socioeconomic forces, such as poverty and lack of services, in the United States, a better, more refined technique is needed that can address their multi-faceted and complicated experiences. This paper also outlines how this technique can be achieved and what it would look like in practical and professional applications.
Economic models of shifting cultivation: a review

This chapter reviews farm-level economic models of shifting cultivation and those of deforestation and soil conservation related to shifting cultivation. Although economists have made significant progress in modeling shifting cultivation over the last two decades, extant economic models neither clearly distinguish between primary and secondary forests nor address potential roles of on-farm soil conservation in shifting cultivation. Developing a unified farm model of primary forest clearing, forest fallowing, and on-farm soil conservation is needed to examine effective policies for protecting primary forest and maintaining sustainable secondary fallow forest. The chapter points to promising avenues for future modeling.
Assessment of the Constraints in Soybean Production : A Case of Northern Region, Ghana

In Ghana, soybean production has been promoted by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture to increase cash income and improve the nutritional status of rural households. However, as yet there has been little increase in soybean cultivation. To an even greater extent than with other, already common crops, soybean production depends on a variety of socioeconomic factors, along with technical requirements such as access to improved seed cultivars; adequate land preparation, planting, weeding, and pests and diseases control; and appropriate harvesting, postharvest handling, processing, marketing, and product utilization (MoFA, 2006). My aim was to help support the livelihoods of the Ghanaian people̶particularly rural women̶by promoting soybean production and consumption and disseminating technological information among agricultural extension staff. To identify the technical and socioeconomic constraints on soybean production, in 2010 I conducted a household survey of 42 randomly selected respondents in 10 communities in the Sawla-Tuna-Kalba district of the northern region of Ghana. The interviews included questions on land tenure and use, input acquisition, agronomic practices, technology adoption, postharvest loss, and processing, marketing, and product use. I also interviewed seven traders and one agro-processing company that dealt with soybean. The results showed that farmers were not obtaining the expected incomes from soybean because the processing and marketing channels were poorly organized; this had led to low prices for the crop. Farmers grew the crop mostly for cash income, but the low prices were negatively affecting production and the farmers were unwilling to increase their production levels. The results also showed that, among farmers, the level of adoption of technology that would improve soybean production was low, resulting in low yields. Pests and diseases were becoming prominent threats to production and could also have been factors in the low yields.
Timing is everything : the time at which an apology is given affects willingness to forgive

Whether there is an ideal time to apologize for an interpersonal transgression was examined. In Experiment 1 (N = 157), participants read hypothetical transgression scenarios. Apologies were offered that night, the next day, or two weeks later. Results revealed that as time distanced the apology from the transgression, victims were less forgiving. Post-transgression closeness mediated this effect. In Experiment 2 (N = 193), participants described real life minor or severe transgressions, indicating whether an apology was given and if so, whether it was too early, just right, or too late. Results showed that severe transgressions were less forgiven than minor transgressions. No differences emerged among the no, too early, and too late apologies on the measured variables, but all were significantly different from the apology that occurred at just the right time. Empathy and post-transgression closeness mediated this effect. No interaction emerged. Implications for pro-relationship behaviour following transgressions are
Title An optimal topology-transparent scheduling method in multihoppacket radio networks

Many transmission scheduling algorithms have been proposed to maximize the spatial reuse and minimize the timedivision multiple-access (TDMA) frame length in multihop packet radio networks. Almost all existing algorithms assume exact network topology information and do not adapt to different traffic requirements. Chlamtac and Farago proposed a topologytransparent algorithm. Following their approach, but with a different design strategy, we propose another algorithm which is optimal in that it maximizes the minimum throughput. We compare our algorithm with that of Chlamtac and Farago’s and with the TDMA algorithm, and find that it gives better performance in terms of minimum throughput and minimum and maximum delay times. Our algorithm requires estimated values of the number of nodes and the maximum nodal degree in the network. However, we show that the performance of our algorithm is insensitive to these design parameters.
! ! ! ! ! ! Effects of Atenolol , Ivabradine and Pimobendan on Left Atrial and Left Atrial Appendage Function : An Echocardiographic Study in Healthy Cats

ii Acknowledgments.iv Vita.v List of Tables.vii List of Figures.viii Chapter 1: Introduction.1 Chapter 2: Materials and Methods.15 Chapter 3: Results.21 Chapter 4: Discussion.56 Footnotes.65 References.66
Feature Advances in the management of multiple myeloma

Smoldering MM In general, it has not been shown that patients with smoldering MM (SMM) beneft from early treatment, but recent studies have identifed a subset of patients who are at high-risk and may require therapy more quickly. Recent guidelines from the International Myeloma Working Group recommend immediate treatment of this subgroup of SMM. However, although fndings in a Spanish study suggested that early treatment of high-risk SMM patients with the immunomodulatory agent (IMiD) lenalidomide and dexamethasone improves overall survival (OS), the design of that study limits its clinical applicability, and no other randomized trials have been completed to show the advantage of early therapy for these patients.
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM FOR DIMENSION OF GIBBS MEASURES IN HYPERBOLIC DYNAMICS

For an equilibrium measure of a Holder potential, we prove an analogue of the Central Limit Theorem for the fluctuations of the logarithm of the measure of balls as the radius goes to zero. A noticeable consequence is that when this measure is not absolutely continuous, the probability that a ball of radius e chosen at random have a measure smaller (or larger) than eδ is asymptotically equal to 1/2, where δ is the Hausdorff dimension of the measure. Our method applies to a class of non-conformal expanding maps on the d-dimensional torus. It also applies to conformal repellers and Axiom A surface diffeomorphisms and possibly to a class of one-dimensional non-uniformly expanding maps. These generalizations are presented at the end of the paper.
Social Mobility and Education in Britain

In 1927 Pitirim Sorokin, a former Russian revolutionary exiled by Lenin, who had become Professor of Sociology at the University of Minnesota, published the first major academic work on social mobility. Drawing on research findings from a wide range of historical and contemporary societies, he attempted to find regularities in mobility patterns and processes over time and place. Perhaps the two most striking conclusions that he reached – and that still have resonance today – were the following. First, there was no evidence of any tendency for mobility either to increase or to decrease in a sustained fashion, only evidence of ‘trendless fluctuation’. Second, although in modern societies education had become the main agency of social selection, there was no reason to suppose that in this way a new age of greater social mobility was being brought into being. Selection by education could in itself serve to block as much as to promote mobility. Sorokin was, however, well aware that the data at his disposal were of a limited and indeed quite fragmentary nature. They related for the most part to mobility in particular localities or industries or to mobility in the sense of recruitment into various elite groupings, such as those of political and business leaders or eminent scientists and literary figures. He lacked what he called ‘the statistical material’ necessary to put his arguments to a serious test at a population level. In the years following the Second World War major progress in social mobility research was achieved. For the first time, studies of mobility were carried out based on representative samples of national populations – and in this regard Britain took the lead through research directed by David Glass from the London School of Economics in 1949. Further improvements have then steadily been made in the design of mobility surveys, in methods of data collection, and in the
Sexual discourse in the context of AIDS: dominant themes on adolescent sexuality among primary school pupils in Magu district, Tanzania

School pupils in Tanzania have been identified as a risk group for HIV/AIDS, so a large part of TANESA's anthropological research is aimed at charting and understanding forms of sexual risk behaviour among adolescents with a view to influencing change. This study presents the dominant themes of sexual discourse among adolescent primary school pupils in Magu district along the south-eastern shores of Lake Victoria in Tanzania. The themes are: love and sex; sexual desire; money and rewards; and deception. The fear of pregnancy also emerges as a dominant theme. Because of the nature and extent of their sexual relationships, school pupils will be increasingly exposed to the risk of HIV and STD infection. This is exacerbated by the lack of condom availability and the proscribed nature of sex (and therefore condom use) among primary school pupils. Methods: role play Because it is difficulty to study sexual behaviour directly, we decided to use discourse analysis. We started by recruiting two ex- primary school pupils who in collaboration with us, interviewed their fellow pupils. During the preparatory phase the two 'peer' researchers visited all 1 1 primary schools in Kisesa ward, Mwanza town. Pupils from six schools near the workshop venue were selected for the narrative research. During the Christmas break we
Simultaneous edit-imputation and disclosure limitation for business establishment data

ABSTRACT Business establishment microdata typically are required to satisfy agency-specified edit rules, such as balance equations and linear inequalities. Inevitably some establishments' reported data violate the edit rules. Statistical agencies correct faulty values using a process known as edit-imputation. Business establishment data also must be heavily redacted before being shared with the public; indeed, confidentiality concerns lead many agencies not to share establishment microdata as unrestricted access files. When microdata must be heavily redacted, one approach is to create synthetic data, as done in the U.S. Longitudinal Business Database and the German IAB Establishment Panel. This article presents the first implementation of a fully integrated approach to edit-imputation and data synthesis. We illustrate the approach on data from the U.S. Census of Manufactures and present a variety of evaluations of the utility of the synthetic data. The paper also presents assessments of disclosure risks for several intruder attacks. We find that the synthetic data preserve important distributional features from the post-editing confidential microdata, and have low risks for the various attacks.
Visual Input in Simultaneous Interpreting

This article looks at the interaction of the visual and the verbal in simultaneous interpreting, describing the significance of different elements of visual nonverbal communication with focus on those that facilitate understanding or need to be rendered in some way in the interpretation. While studies show that this visual information is often redundant, it can nevertheless aid the processing of verbal information. Visual contact can certainly be of importance when the verbal message refers to something visible to the audience or when the nonverbal adds information not present in the verbal message. A small experiment was conducted at the University of Vienna in order to determine whether there were any appreciable differences in interpreting with and without visual contact. The descriptive analysis sought to identify types of visual nonverbal communication that were particularly important for understanding the message.
Teaching high-performance skills using above-real-time training

The above real-time training (ARTT) concept is an approach to teaching high-performance skills. ARTT refers to a training paradigm that places the operator in a simulated environment that functions at faster than normal time. It represents a departure from the intuitive, but not often supported, feeling that the best practice is determined by the training environment with the highest fidelity. This approach is hypothesized to provide greater 'transfer value' per simulation trial, by incorporating training techniques and instructional features into the simulator. Two related experiments are discussed. In the first, 25 naive male subjects performed three tank gunnery tasks on a simulator under varying levels of time acceleration (i.e., 1.0x, 1.6x, 2.0x, sequential, and mixed). They were then transferred to a standard (1.0x) condition for testing. Every accelerated condition or combination of conditions produced better training and transfer than the standard condition. Most effective was the presentation of trials at 1.0x, 1.6x, and 2.0x in a random order during training. Overall, the best ARTT group scored about 50 percent higher and trained in 25 percent less time compared to the real-time control group. In the second experiment, 24 mission-capable F-16 pilots performed three tasks on a part-task F-16A flight simulator under varying levels of time compression (i.e., 1.0x, 1.5x, 2.0x, and random). All subjects were then tested in a real-time environment. The emergency procedure (EP) task results showed increased accuracy for the ARTT groups. In testing (transfer), the ARTT groups not only performed the EP more accurately, but dealt with a simultaneous enemy significantly better than a real-time control group. Although the findings on an air combat maneuvering task and stern conversion task were mixed, most measures indicated that the ARTT groups performed better and faster than a real-time control group. Other implications for ARTT are discussed along with future research directions.
Measuring Differential Frequency of Option Response Patterns in Four-Five Options Multiple-Choice Test Item among Undergraduate Students in Nigeria

Multiple-choice items are a widely used item format in tests of achievement, knowledge, and ability. Given the high-stakes associated with the use of multiple-choice test in schools, colleges and universities, it is important to collect differential frequency of option selection evidence to support such usage of test scores. Adopting a survey design, the sample consisted of an intact class of 117 part 2 undergraduate students who registered for EDU 203: Introduction to Research Methods, in the First Semester (Harmattan) of 2015/2016 session. Data on 117 students were obtained from 2 alternative test formats of 20-item each. The arrangement of correct responses (key) and incorrect responses (distracters) was randomized throughout the test by a scheme which allowed each position an equal number of choices. The correct choice for each item appeared in a different position on each of the forms. Data collected were analysed using Chi-Square(X 2 ) and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics. Results reveal a significant influence of item positional preference bias on item difficulty in multiple-choice test. Also, there exists a significant influence of correct response choice location on the difficulty of multiple-choice test items. However, item option length has no significant effect on response bias in multiple-choice tests. It is concluded that the position of the most plausible distracters more logically accounts for any significant response patterns than thus a position preference.
Prevalence of Balantidium regions of Baghdad in Iraq

A study was carried out to determine the prevalence of breeders and related risk factors including the gender, age and region. A total of 200 cattle f samples were collected from different ages, sexes and regions of Baghdad (Hor Jaderiya, AL-Makaseb, AL-Dowanem and AL Makaseb, AL-Dowanem and AL-Hamdaniaa results showed that the prevalence of breeders, respectively. The association between infection and all studied factors was not significant except between infection and regions in cattle which were significant (P<0.01). Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that cattle are and age.
EZH 2 inhibitors transcriptionally upregulate cytotoxic autophagy and cytoprotective unfolded protein response in human colorectal cancer cells

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been emerged as novel anticancer target. Various EZH2 small-molecule inhibitors have been developed in recent years. A major class of EZH2 inhibitors are S-adenosyl-Lmethionine (SAM)-competitive inhibitors, such as EPZ005687, EI1, GSK126, UNC1999 and GSK343. Autophagy, a physiological process of self-digestion, is involved in the turnover of proteins or intracellular organelles. It can serve as cytoprotective or cytotoxic function in cancer. Our previous study has found that UNC1999 and GSK343 are potent autophagy inducers. In this study, the underlying molecular mechanisms were further investigated. Our results showed that UNC1999 and GSK343 transcriptionally upregulated autophagy of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells through inducing LC3B gene expression. Besides, UNC1999/GSK343-induced autophagy was partially dependent on ATG7 but independent to EZH2 inhibition. Microarray and PCR array analyses identified that UNC1999 and GSK343 also induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). UNC1999/ GSK343-induced ER stress/UPR contributed to the survival of cancer cells, which was opposite to UNC1999/ GSK343-induced autophagy that promoted cell death.
New pathways towards efficient metallic spin Hall spintronics

Spin Hall effects interconvert spin- and charge currents due to spin-orbit interaction, which enables convenient electrical generation and detection of diffusive spin currents and even collective spin excitations in magnetic solids. Here, we review recent experimental efforts exploring efficient spin Hall detector materials as well as new approaches to drive collective magnetization dynamics and to manipulate spin textures by spin Hall effects. These studies are also expected to impact practical spintronics applications beyond their significance in fundamental research.
Auditory and motor rhythm awareness in adults with dyslexia

Children with developmental dyslexia appear to be insensitive to basic auditory cues to speech rhythm and stress. For example, they experience difficulties in processing duration and amplitude envelope onset cues. Here we explored the sensitivity of adults with developmental dyslexia to the same cues. In addition, relations with expressive and receptive rhythm tasks, such as tempi recognition and manual tapping to a metronome, were explored. Our goal was to investigate whether the auditory deficits seen in dyslexia are specific to cues to speech rhythm and stress, or are part of a wider rhythmic awareness problem. A group of 19 undergraduate students with dyslexia were compared with 20 age- and ability-matched controls. The findings confirmed a relationship between auditory rhythm sensitivity and literacy in adults, as well as showing an association with metronome inter-tap-interval variability.
Temporal homogeneity between financial stress and the economic cycle

This paper analyses the homogeneity of temporal variations between the economic and financial cycles in South Africa. This is achieved by identifying the similarity of cyclical and volatility regime changes between the indicator of financial stress and the economic cycle. The results show that periods of moderate growth in financial stress coincide with periods of similar growth in the economic cycle whereas the periods of high growth in financial stress coincide with periods of low growth in the economic cycle. The results further show that the periods of low volatility of financial stress coincide with periods of similar volatility of the economic cycle and that the periods of high volatility of financial stress coincide with periods of similar volatility of the economic cycle with the exception of the period following the US war on terror where the volatility of the economic cycle remained low despite high volatility of financial stress. Although the results show that the cyclical regime shifts of financial stress occur earlier than those of the economic cycle, they do not conclusively show whether or not the volatility regime changes of financial stress occur earlier or later than those of the economic cycle perhaps on data frequency.
The efficiency of higher education institutions in England revisited: comparing alternative measures

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has often been used to evaluate efficiency in the context of higher education institutions. Yet there are numerous alternative nonparametric measures of efficiency available. This paper compares efficiency scores obtained for institutions of higher education in England, 2013–2014, using three different methods: the original Charnes et al. method and two slacks-based methods (SBM-Min and SBM-Max) developed by Tone. The findings suggest that results are highly sensitive to methodology chosen. Hence caution is required in applying the results in any policy context.