Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of nondestructive evaluation techniques of civil infrastructure

To properly maintain our public infrastructure, civil engineers must learn new methods of inspection technology. Current inspection techniques required for our nation's bridges as well as locks and dams primarily consist of visual and subjective observations. When these inspections indicate that a structural or functional problem may be developing, many times more sophisticated inspection technology may be required. Nondestructive (NDE) testing methods can provide an answer to further determine the extent of a structural or functional problem. This paper presents the abbreviated results of a detailed literature review to identify the most widely used NDE techniques applied to civil engineering structures. In addition, a short questionnaire was developed and sent to state highway organizations. The literature suggests that acoustic emission testing is widely used while the questionnaire revealed that ultrasonic testing is most popular among state highway agencies.
Educational textbooks in digital surroundings

The Danish educations, as well as the Danish society, are influenced by technology in many ways. This amongst other influences the student’s choices regarding educational learning material. These issues, however, are not solely issues in relation to Danish educations but can be generalized across contexts. This article, however, presents a discussion of the findings in a Danish study regarding the use of educational textbooks among students in Denmark. The study examines the use of the traditional educational textbooks in terms of how it is used, to what extent it is used, the students' wishes regarding textbooks vs online books and if there are educational and gender differences in their preferences. The study also investigates the student way of handling the textbooks such as sharing, copying, selling and buying etc. in the discussion section the study will compare themes identified in this study across educational contexts, and will thus not solely focus on Danish education contexts. Empirically, the study builds on a survey conducted among students in the Bachelor Programmes, the Vocational Educational Programmes regarding the Health Care Educations and in the General Upper Secondary Schools. The study includes a response from 1146 students. The article discusses the findings with perspectives such as work methods, communication, and interaction, and concludes among others that even though the students still prefer the textbooks, the ebooks in some ways supplement this use in a beneficial manner. The article argues that the textbook and the ebook should not be seen as each other’s competitors but rather as each other’s supplement in terms of learnings styles.
Assessment and Comparison of Convergence Angle of Tooth Preparations for Full-Veneer Crowns among Practitioners with Different Levels of Experience

Aim: The proposed values of axial inclination of preparations vary dramatically. A range of 4 to 10 degrees is recommended as optimal, but is difficult to achieve in clinical practice. This study aims to assess and compare the convergence angle of abutment teeth prepared for fullveneer crowns by practitioners with different levels of experience i.e. general dental practitioners, prosthodontists and other specialists. Materials and Methods: Samples consisted of 300 prepared teeth for full-veneer crowns by general dental practitioners, prosthodontists and other specialists. The obtained dies were scanned and convergence angle was determined both buccolingually and mesiodistally. All the results were recorded and the data were analysed by means of z-test. Results: It was found that the dies obtained from prosthodontists had the least Convergence Angle among the three groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that the recommended Convergence Angle was difficult to achieve in clinical practice.
Supergene formation: evidence for recombination suppression among multiple functional loci within inversions

Supergenes are genetic architectures associated with discrete and concerted variation in multiple traits. It has long been suggested that supergenes control these complex polymorphisms by suppressing recombination between set of coadapted genes. However, because recombination suppression hinders the dissociation of the individual effects of genes within supergenes, there is still little evidence that supergenes evolve by tightening linkage between coadapted genes. Here, combining an landmark-free phenotyping algorithm with multivariate genome wide association studies, we dissected the genetic basis of wing pattern variation in the butterfly Heliconius numata. We showed that the supergene controlling the striking wing-pattern polymorphism displayed by this species contains many independent loci associated with different features of wing patterns. The three chromosomal inversions of this supergene suppress recombination between these loci, supporting the hypothesis that they may have evolved because they captured beneficial combinations of alleles. Some of these loci are associated with colour variations only in morphs controlled by inversions, indicating that they were recruited after the formation of these inversions. Our study shows that supergenes and clusters of adaptive loci in general may form via the evolution of chromosomal rearrangements suppressing recombination between co-adapted loci but also via the subsequent recruitment of linked adaptive mutations.
Eosinophilic dermatosis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a rare case report.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of malignant lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by a rapid and uncontrolled increase in lymphoid cells, mostly monoclonal B-cells (B-CLL). Patients with CLL may present cutaneous lesions that can be classified as either "specific" or "non-specific. " In CLL patients, specific skin eruptions arise from leukemic cell infiltration, recognized histopathologically in tissue sample biopsy. Non-specific lesions encompass the majority of eruptions in CLL patients and may present as petechiae, purpura, urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, paraneoplastic pemphigus, vasculitis, or eosinophilic dermatosis. Eosinophilic dermatosis of hematologic malignancy (EDHM) is a rare cutaneous manifestation that presents as an eruption in various locations and is characterized as papular, pruritic, and sometimes vesicular or vesiculobullous. Here we present a rare and interesting case of a 58-year-old woman with a medical history of B-CLL that was examined at our clinic for evaluation of an unspecified diffuse vesicular pruritic rash. The patient was first diagnosed with CLL 3 years earlier and followed a 6-month course of immuno-chemotherapy with rituximab, fludarabine, and cyclophosphamide. We also performed brief review of previous literature and present the results.
A New Model of Jupiter's Magnetic Field at the Completion of Juno's Prime Mission

A spherical harmonic model of the magnetic field of Jupiter is obtained from vector magnetic field observations acquired by the Juno spacecraft during 32 of its first 33 polar orbits. These Prime Mission orbits sample Jupiter's magnetic field nearly uniformly in longitude (∼11° separation) as measured at equator crossing. The planetary magnetic field is represented with a degree 30 spherical harmonic and the external field is approximated near the origin with a simple external spherical harmonic of degree 1. Partial solution of the underdetermined inverse problem using generalized inverse techniques yields a model (“JRM33”) of the planetary magnetic field with spherical harmonic coefficients reasonably well determined through degree and order 13. Useful information regarding the field extends through degree 18, well fit by a Lowes' spectrum with a dynamo core radius of 0.81 Rj, presumably the outer radius of the convective metallic hydrogen region. This new model provides a most detailed view of a planetary dynamo and evidence of advection of the magnetic field by deep zonal winds in the vicinity of the Great Blue Spot (GBS), an isolated and intense patch of flux near Jupiter's equator. Comparison of the JRM33 and JRM09 models suggests secular variation of the field in the vicinity of the GBS during Juno's nearly 5 years of operation in orbit about Jupiter. The observed secular variation is consistent with the penetration of zonal winds to a depth of ∼3,500 km where a flow velocity of ∼0.04 ms−1 is required to match the observations.
WEED SCIENCE Evaluation of GlyTol ™ and GlyTol ™ + LibertyLink ® Cotton in the Mid-South

Historically, weed control in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) relied upon a combination of tillage, soil-applied herbicides, postemergencedirected herbicides, and hand weeding. More recently, weed control in cotton has become heavily reliant on transgenic technologies. Glyphosate-resistant and enhanced glyphosateresistant cotton were commercialized in 1997 and 2006, respectively. Glufosinate-resistant cotton was commercialized in 2004. Although Monsanto Company has been the traditional provider of glyphosate-resistant technology, Bayer CropScience identified a novel glyphosateresistant gene and released this technology to the market in 2011. In addition, Bayer CropScience introduced glyphosate/glufosinate-resistant cotton containing this new glyphosate-resistant trait plus the existing glufosinate-resistance trait. The new glyphosate-resistant technology is known as GlyTol ™ , whereas the glyphosate/ glufosinate-resistant technology is known as GlyTol ™ + LibertyLink ® . Field experiments were conducted at 14 locations across Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee from 2007 through 2009 to determine cotton response to multiple glyphosate and/or glufosinate applications. Glyphosate-resistant cotton was not visually injured by sequential glyphosate applications. Glyphosate/glufosinate-resistant cotton visual injury was 2% or less when treated with glyphosate, glufosinate, or glyphosate plus glufosinate. A reduction in plant height of up to 4 cm was observed only with the glyphosate/glufosinateresistant cotton after two or three glufosinate applications were made; heights were not reduced by late season. Herbicide applications did not affect boll development or cotton yield. These data indicate GlyTol cotton has excellent tolerance to glyphosate applied topically and GlyTol + LibertyLink cotton has excellent tolerance to topical applications of glyphosate, glufosinate, and glyphosate plus glufosinate.
From ignorance to knowledge: Sexual consent and queer stories

The problem of sexual assault has received increasing public attention over the last few years, with an increasing focus on the concept of sexual consent to solve the problem. Education efforts focus on teaching people what consent is and how to explicitly communicate about sex, constructing consent as a knowledge problem. Using the stories of queer adults, this study calls for the development of an epistemology of sexual consent. I argue that the current research and scholarship fail to recognise existing knowledge about sexual consent, relegating sexual consent to an epistemology of ignorance. Queer participants in this study demonstrated sophisticated knowledge of sexual consent through their talk on the role of verbal consent cues and articulating how they “tune in” to their partners during sex. Within their talk, verbal consent was sometimes viewed as essential to consent, while at times was not necessary, and at other times was not enough to understand a partner's sexual consent. Importantly, they described deep knowledge about partners’ comfort, discomfort or hesitation through “tuning in”. Developing an epistemology of sexual consent requires recognising and valuing what participants tell us about what they know about their partners’ willingness to engage in sex.
Sustainability analysis of window frames

The characteristics of the frame materials have significant impacts on the properties of a window. A window itself plays a crucial role in determining the overall energy performance of the building. This article analyses four different frame types; aluminium, aluminium-clad timber, Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and timber make, from the sustainability perspective. These frame types have been studied on various parameters such as; environmental impacts during production/extraction of frame materials and disposal of frames; embodied energy, durability and service life; and maintenance and repair of frames. A price comparison and market scenario has also been discussed. It has been found that timber- and aluminium-clad timber windows are sustainable products due to their environment-friendly characteristics i.e., low embodied energy, low environmental impacts, better durability and longer service life. While aluminium and PVC frames have high values of embodied energy and associated environmental impacts. Practical application: In the present sustainability-conscious age, the window industry is emphasising how to enhance the energy and environmental performance of their products. This article will be of interest not only to modern window manufacturers but also to customers as it addresses the key sustainability features of windows, i.e., energy and environmental performance, durability and service life, and maintenance and life cycle costing.
An Uninvited Seat at the Dinner Table: How Apicomplexan Parasites Scavenge Nutrients from the Host

Obligate intracellular parasites have evolved a remarkable assortment of strategies to scavenge nutrients from the host cells they parasitize. Most apicomplexans form a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) within the invaded cell, a replicative niche within which they survive and multiply. As well as providing a physical barrier against host cell defense mechanisms, the PV membrane (PVM) is also an important site of nutrient uptake that is essential for the parasites to sustain their metabolism. This means nutrients in the extracellular milieu are separated from parasite metabolic machinery by three different membranes, the host plasma membrane, the PVM, and the parasite plasma membrane (PPM). In order to facilitate nutrient transport from the extracellular environment into the parasite itself, transporters on the host cell membrane of invaded cells can be modified by secreted and exported parasite proteins to maximize uptake of key substrates to meet their metabolic demand. To overcome the second barrier, the PVM, apicomplexan parasites secrete proteins contained in the dense granules that remodel the vacuole and make the membrane permissive to important nutrients. This bulk flow of host nutrients is followed by a more selective uptake of substrates at the PPM that is operated by specific transporters of this third barrier. In this review, we recapitulate and compare the strategies developed by Apicomplexa to scavenge nutrients from their hosts, with particular emphasis on transporters at the parasite plasma membrane and vacuolar solute transporters on the parasite intracellular digestive organelle.
Inhibition of the sodium-dependent HCO3- transporter SLC4A4, produces a cystic fibrosis-like airway disease phenotype

Bicarbonate secretion is a fundamental process involved in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Disruption of bicarbonate entry into airway lumen, as has been observed in cystic fibrosis, produces several defects in lung function due to thick mucus accumulation. Bicarbonate is critical for correct mucin deployment and there is increasing interest in understanding its role in airway physiology, particularly in the initiation of lung disease in children affected by cystic fibrosis, in the absence of detectable bacterial infection. The current model of anion secretion in mammalian airways consists of CFTR and TMEM16A as apical anion exit channels, with limited capacity for bicarbonate transport compared to chloride. However, both channels can couple to SLC26A4 anion exchanger to maximise bicarbonate secretion. Nevertheless, current models lack any details about the identity of the basolateral protein(s) responsible for bicarbonate uptake into airway epithelial cells. We report herein that the electrogenic, sodium-dependent, bicarbonate cotransporter, SLC4A4, is expressed in the basolateral membrane of human and mouse airways, and that it’s pharmacological inhibition or genetic silencing reduces bicarbonate secretion. In fully differentiated primary human airway cells, SLC4A4 inhibition induced an acidification of the airways surface liquid and markedly reduced the capacity of cells to recover from an acid load. Studies in the Slc4a4-null mice revealed a previously unreported lung phenotype, characterized by mucus accumulation and reduced mucociliary clearance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the reduction of SLC4A4 function induced a CF-like phenotype, even when chloride secretion remained intact, highlighting the important role SLC4A4 plays in bicarbonate secretion and mammalian airway function.
Counselor advocacy against gun violence: a systemic perspective with advocacy and wellness competencies

ABSTRACT Gun violence within the United States has become a public health crisis, negatively impacting the wellness of individuals and communities. While professional counseling associations have called upon members to advocate against gun violence, the literature remains sparse. Furthermore, activism can impede counselor wellness, thus, increased self-care and wellness promotion practices are needed. For these reasons, we propose the combined use of the ACA Advocacy Competencies and CSI Wellness Competencies for counselors advocating against gun violence.
Alternative access in high-risk patients in the era of transfemoral aortic valve replacement

Abstract Background We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of transapical and transaortic transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in high-risk patients who were not suitable for transfemoral access and had a logistic EuroSCORE-I ≥ 25% and Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score >6%. ‘STS/ACC TAVR In-Hospital Mortality Risk App’ was evaluated. Material and methods Between January 2016 and May 2020, 126 patients at very high risk for aortic valve replacement underwent transapical (n = 121) or transaortic (n = 5) transcatheter aortic valve replacement. TAVR was performed using SAPIEN 3™ or ACURATE TA™ prosthesis. Results The logistic EuroSCORE-I was 40.6 ± 14.0%, the STS-score 7.9 ± 4.6%, and STS/ACC-score 8.4 ± 3.4%. Valve implantation was successful in all patients. Operative, in-hospital and 30-days mortality, were 0, 7.9, and 13.5%, respectively. Survival was 72% at one year and 48% at four years. Expected/observed in-hospital mortality was 1.0 for the STS-score and 1.06 for the STS/ACC-score. Renal failure, low ejection fraction, and postoperative acute kidney injury, hemorrhage, and vascular complications were identified as independent predictors for 30-day mortality. Conclusions Transapical and transaortic TAVR in high-risk patients unsuitable for transfemoral access is still a reasonable alternative in these patients. STS and STS/ACC-score appear to be highly accurate in predicting in-hospital mortality in high-risk patients undergoing TAVR.
Declining population sizes and loss of genetic diversity in commercial fishes: a simple method for a first diagnostic

Exploited fish species may have or are experiencing declines in population sizes coupled with a decrease in genetic diversity. This can lead to the loss of adaptive potential to face current and future environmental changes. However, little is known about this subject while research on it is urgently needed. Thus, this study aims to answer a simple, even naive question, given the complexity of the subject: Could we use a simple method to obtain information on the loss of genetic diversity in exploited fish species? We investigated the use of the levels of genetic diversity in the widely used genetic marker Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene. Estimates of genetic diversity in COI were obtained for populations of seven fish species with different commercial importance from the East China Sea. These estimates were contrasted against a large dataset of fish species distributed worldwide (N=1426), a dataset of East-Asian fish species (N=118), two farmed species with expected low genetic diversity, and four long-term managed species from the Mediterranean Sea. We found that estimates of genetic diversity in COI match the expectations from theoretical predictions, known population declines, and fishing pressures. Thus, the answer to our question is affirmative and we conclude that estimates of genetic diversity in COI provide an effective first diagnostic of the conservation status of exploited fish species. This simple and cost-effective tool can help prioritize research, management, and conservation on species with suspected loss of genetic diversity potentially eroding their adaptive potential to global change.
Does relationship quality matter in policy-making? The impact of government-public relationships and residents’ perceptions on their support towards a mega-sport event

ABSTRACT Guided by the increase in social and political challenges faced by local governments in their efforts to host mega-sport events, this study attempts to shed light on the under-researched relationship quality between a local government and its residents. Enhancing the relationship quality and mutual understanding through two-way communication between the government and its residents has become more important than ever, with the host community considered a key stakeholder in the policy decision-making process, due to the development of online communication technologies. This research aims to identify the major determinants of residents’ support, using government public relationships and social exchange theory. Data collected through a survey of Tokyo residents (N = 406), where the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games were hosted, are analysed using structural equation modelling. Results show that satisfaction with the government can considerably influence the perceived impacts of a mega-sport event and trust, while trust in the government is shown to be a robust predictor of residents’ support and a mediator to social exchange theory. Also, the importance of a mega-sport event’s perceived impacts on residents’ support is shown, further supporting social exchange theory. Through the findings and the integration of the two theories, this study illustrates the need for the government to focus on producing policies aiming to increase its public satisfaction and thus their trust in government using balanced symmetric communication, which in turn can raise residents’ support for a mega-sport event and help establish a mutually beneficial relationship between the government and its public.
Wavelet analysis of arc noises at threshold currents

A wavelet analysis of the oscillations of the current, voltage, and visible radiation intensity of a vacuum arc discharge with tungsten and cadmium cathodes having a clean surface have been performed for near threshold current. The temporal resolution was better than 1 ns for electric measurements and better than 5 ns for light intensity measurements. It has been found that for currents close to the threshold current the current voltage, and light intensity oscillations are bursts of duration 17-25 ns for tungsten and 40 ns for cadmium.