Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Primary students’ satisfaction with CLIL and perceived CLIL linguistic difficulty

ABSTRACT This study investigated primary students’ perceptions of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Natural Science and Social Sciences and variations in perceptions by individual and social factors. The sample comprised 524 Spanish-speaking students aged 9–13 years from bilingual Spanish-English schools in Andalusia (Spain). The study obtained two measures, namely one of satisfaction with CLIL and one of perception of CLIL linguistic difficulty, and investigated the relationships between them and with individual and social factors. The findings indicate that, on average, the participants’ satisfaction with CLIL is relatively high and that they do not find it particularly challenging from a linguistic point of view. However, around 20% of the participants experienced mild to severe difficulty regarding the language of instruction. A moderate to strong relationship was found between CLIL satisfaction and linguistic difficulty, and these were both statistically associated with mother's level of education, availability of help with homework at home, and relatives’ use of English at work. These findings suggest that socioeconomic status factors are associated with primary students’ perceptions of CLIL and may underlie their success and continuation in CLIL secondary education. It is argued that investment in language support is needed for the most disadvantaged students.
Genetic diversity in the Indian population of Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798) as revealed by mtDNA sequence analysis

Genetic diversity in the Indian population of the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon was determined by using partial sequence data of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (D-loop) and the 16S rRNA gene. Eight populations from diierent geographical locations (Mumbai, Kochi, Mangalore, Kakinada, Gopalpur, Chilika, Paradeep and Andaman) were collected and analysed. The ampli¢ed polymerase chain reaction products of size 577 bp for the control region and 472 bp for 16S rRNA were sequenced in both directions and data were analysed through CLUSTAL, ARLEQUIN, MEGA and PHYLIP. A signi¢cant genetic structure was found among the Indian populations. The mtDNA control region proved to be a powerful marker in comparison with 16S rRNA for population studies of this species. The east coast population was more genetically diverse than the west coast. The Andaman population was found to be the most diverse among all the populations. The populations on the west coast were found to be genetically more structured and diierentiated than the populations on the east coast. The results revealed a high level of genetic diversity and also distinct population structuring of P. monodon, suggesting great possibilities of genetic improvement for growth and other economic traits.
The monetary policy transmission mechanism and the role of money market funds in the Eurozone

This paper investigates the pass-through mechanism of monetary policy through money market funds and bank loan rates under conventional and unconventional monetary policy. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag method, spanning the period 2003-2018, the findings document that the pass-through of bank loan rates is weaker than that of MMF rates (0.642 vs 1.044, respectively), especially during the unconventional monetary policy period (0.637 vs 1.568, respectively). They highlight that in this period, banks earned less from traditional lending business, due to low or even negative rates, while taking increasingly large risks.
Follow the Leader? Leader Succession and Staff Attitudes in Public Sector Organizations

Zuzana Murdoch is professor in the Department of Administration and Organization Theory at the University of Bergen, Norway. Her main research interests concern the identities and socialization of bureaucrats, institutional design, organizational change, and organizational stigma. Her work has been published in Organization Studies, Public Administration, European Journal of Political Research, Journal of European Public Policy, Regulation and Governance, and European Union Politics. Email: zuzana.murdoch@uib.no Abstract: Public sector organizations face regular turnover in top leadership positions. Yet little is known about how such changes affect staff attitudes. The authors argue that top leader succession may influence staff attitudes, particularly when new leaders are “outsiders” and/or subordinates interact regularly with their leaders. Using a unique two-wave survey conducted within the European Commission in 2008 and 2014, this analysis tests these propositions by studying the same individuals before and after shifts in top political (commissioner) and administrative (directorgeneral) positions. The study shows that leadership succession can trigger meaningful shifts in subordinates’ stated attitudes regarding the European Commission’s supranational identity. These findings are important because staff attitudes about organizational values and aims represent a key driver of individual and organizational performance.
An Experimental Study Examining the Size Effect on the Compressive Dynamic Performance of Nuclear Power Containment Concrete

To study the size effect of nuclear power containment concrete (NPCC) under compressive dynamic performance, the cube concrete specimens with 3 different cube sizes were measured at 10 different loading strain rates using a hydraulic servo, and the failure mode and compressive strength of NPCC were compared and analyzed under different loading conditions. Based on the comparative analysis of experiment results, the following conclusions can be drawn: the effect of loading strain rate has caused NPCC to develop from static strain rate, mainly cement cementitious layer damage and uniform distribution of cracks, to dynamic strain rate, where there are partial coarse aggregate failures and oblique cracks as the main crack distribution. Due to the size effect, the integrity of large-scale NPCC specimen after compression failure is relatively high. With the increase of loading strain rate and decrease of cube size, compressive strength of NPCC is gradually increased, and, with the increase of loading strain rate, the size effect on the mechanical properties of NPCC becomes more significant. Moreover, this paper quantitatively analyzes the influence of the coupling effect of strain rate and size effect on the compressive strength of NPCC, and its mechanism is discussed in depth. The research results are of great significance to the safety of nuclear power concrete containment.
Effects of salinity on NH4+ adsorption capacity, nitrification, and denitrification in Danish estuarine sediments

The regulatory effect of salinity on nitrogen dynamics in estuarine sediments was investigated in the Randers Fjord estuary, Denmark, using sediment slurries and intact sediment cores and applying 15N-isotope techniques. Sediment was sampled at three representative stations varying in salinity, and all experiments were run at 0‰, 10‰, 20‰, and 30‰. The sediment NH4+ adsorption capacity decreased markedly at all stations when salinity was increased from 0‰ to 10‰; further increase showed little effect. In situ nitrification and denitrification also decreased with increasing salinities, with the most pronounced reduction of approximately 50% being observed when the salinity was raised from 0‰ to 10‰. The salinity-induced reduction in NH4+ adsorption capacity and stimulation of NH4+ efflux has previously been argued to cause a reduction in nitrification activity since the nitrifying bacteria become limited by NH4+ availability at higher salinities. However, using a potential nitrification assay where NH4+ was added in excess, it was demonstrated that potential nitrification activity also decreased with increasing salinity, indicating that the inhibitory salinity effect may also be a physiological effect on the microorganisms. This hypothesis was supported by the finding that denitrification based on NO3− from the overlying water (Dw), which is independent of the nitrification process, and hence NH4+ availability, also decreased with increasing salinity. We conclude that changes in salinity have a significant effect on nitrogen dynamics in estuarine sediments, which must be considered when nitrogen transformations are measured and evaluated.
High-Dose Phenobarbital-Induced Vitamin K Deficiency and Petechial Haemorrhage in a Young Female

Phenobarbital is used in the management of seizure. Phenobarbital-induced adverse reactions are mostly common in infants and neonates, and related to its use during maternal age. Hepatic side effects are commonly associated with phenobarbitone. Here we present Vitamin K deficiency and petchial haemorrhage following the intake of high-dose Phenobarbital (2.4 g) as a suicidal attempt in a young female. Initially, her coagulopathy was determined by assessing her high Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT), which were normalized by promptly using phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) intravenously within 6 days in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Following the administration of phytomenadione injection, her symptoms of petechial haemorrhage were diminished on the fourth day in ICU. There was no significant change in her serum bilirubin level, and the initial raised serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase returned to normal range within 24 h. The patient found 2 sessions of hemodialysis in first two consecutive days in ICU, and discharged to home without any further complication.
Intercropping Corn and Kura Clover: Response to Nitrogen Fertilization

Nitrogen fertilizer is an important input for corn (Zea mays L.) production and leaching losses contribute to NO 3 -N in water systems. This study was conducted to determine whether a kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) intercropped corn system could reduce corn N fertilization need and NO 3 -N in the soil profile, while maintaining corn productivity. Two systems were studied at six sites in Iowa, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ]-corn intercropped with established kura clover and soybean-corn without kura clover. Six N fertilizer rates were applied to corn in each system. Excessive kura clover competition caused reduced corn population, delayed development, and reduced grain yield in 2006. More vigorous kura clover growth suppression in 2007 resulted in similar yield between the kura clover and no-kura clover systems, with greater yield in the intercropped kura clover at a site with coarse-textured soil. The kura clover system did not reduce corn N fertilization requirement, as measured by response in plant N stress and grain yield. The kura clover also did not influence NO 3 -N in the soil profile before, during, or after the growing season. These results differ from other studies where kura clover intercropping has reduced corn N fertilization need and not reduced corn yield. Intercropping corn with kura clover posed the challenge of sufficiently suppressing the clover to allow successful corn establishment and production, and in addition did not provide potential benefits such as reduced N fertilization requirement or less NO 3 -N in the soil profile.
Two unusual new species of Caleremaeus (Acari: Oribatida) from eastern North America, with redescription of C. retractus and reevaluation of the genus

The oribatid mite genus Caleremaeus (Caleremaeidae) is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere but has been represented by only three extant and one fossil species. We redescribe the North American C. retractus (Banks, 1947) based on adults and nymphs; it is distinguishable from the European type species, C. monilipes (Michael, 1882) by its smaller adult size and minor differences in cuticular structure, and by the elongated, tapered form of seta h1 in nymphs. Two new species are proposed: C. nasutus n. sp. from forest soil in Alabama is unique in having adults with a large anterior rostral lobe (juveniles unknown) bearing lamellar setae; the arboreal C. arboricolus n. sp. from eastern USA and Canada is unique among described extant species in having adults with femoral saccules, a transverse ridge bearing lamellar setae and relatively large notogastral setae, and juveniles with a bothridial seta similar to that of the adult. Based on all available data, Caleremaeus is redescribed and considered the sole genus in Caleremaeidae. The higher classification of the family is reviewed, and past placement in Ameroidea is rejected in favor of the monofamilial Caleremaeoidea.
Genetic Progress through Selection in a Closed Herd of Indian Cattle

Abstract Data from a closed Hariana herd were analyzed to assess the genetic gains in milk production through selection over 20 years and also to evaluate the genetic changes made in age at first calving and in first calving interval, toward which no attention had been directed. Genetic progress in milk production, estimated as -2 b (S,P)T (twice the pooled intrasire regressions of sire progeny on time, the records being deviated from contemporary average), was 10kg, or 1.5% of the average first lactation yield per year. The expected progress from direct selection was 16kg, or 2.5% of the herd average, per year. In spite of some qualifications, these estimates of genetic progress indicate a large improvement in milk production in the herd since its establishment. There was little selection on age at first calving or on first calving interval in this herd. The small culling differential for cows retained for additional lactations supports this for age at first calving. The cows retained for each additional lactation did have a slightly shorter first calving interval. This tendency showed a steady increase in later lactations. The annual genetic change in age at first calving and in first calving interval, estimated as -2 b (S-P)T , was -1.48 and -. 23 months, respectively. These genetic changes might represent mostly a correlated response to selection for milk production. They indicate that age at first calving and first calving interval tend to decrease as milk production increases. The first calving interval and the age at first calving were thus both positively correlated with milk production, on the scale of desirability.
Caligoid Copepods (Crustacea) of the Hawaiian lslands: Parasitic on Fishes of the Family Acanthuridae

The caligoid copepods of Hawaiian fishes have not been studied previously in a systematic manner. The only references that include Hawaiian caligoids are: Nordmann (1864), describing Norion expansus and Peniculus calamus; Wilson (1924), indicating that Pandarus satyrus has been taken from specimens of Prionace glauca captured in Hawaii; and Wilson (1932), indicating that Pandarus smithii has been collected from sharks taken in Hawaiian waters. In addition, Edmondson (1946) figures a large Pandarus species from sharks and a Lernaeenicus species from dolphins; Bonnet (1948) lists some Hawaiian caligoids, mainly from pelagic fishes; and Randall (1958) lists by family the copepods taken from stomachs of some parasite-picking
Do Reproductive Status and Lamb Gender Affect the Foraging Behavior of Bighorn Ewes

In female ungulates lactation carries a high energetic cost and mothers often devote more care to sons than to daughters. The aims of this study were to determine whether lactating bighorn ewes have higher foraging time, bite rate or selectivity of forage than barren ewes and whether reproductive status affects migration patterns. Ewes with male lambs were predicted to spend more time foraging and to have a higher bite rate than ewes with female lambs. There were no differences in foraging behavior according to ewe reproductive status from April to August. In September November lactating ewes had a higher bite rate and spent more time foraging than nonlactating ewes but lamb gender did not affect foraging behavior. Lactating ewes gained less weight than nonlactating ones until mid-August; from mid-August to late September mass gain was similar for both groups of ewes. Nonlactating ewes spent more time standing but reproductive status did not affect vigilance behavior or step rate while foraging. Ewes with lambs did not differ from nonlactating ewes in step rate. Pregnant ewes migrated earlier than barren ewes to alpine areas in spring. By so doing they abandoned areas with good quality forage presumably to give birth in areas safer from predation. All ewes spent most of the summer in the alpine range hut nonlactating ewes returned to the winter range earlier than lactating ewes, probably to profit from the abundant forage there.
Assessment of vegetation change and landscape variability by using stable carbon isotopes of soil organic matter

Stable carbon isotopic (δ13C) analyses of soil organic matter (SOM) have been used in the past to characterise C3–C4 vegetation changes. However, the temporal and spatial resolution of these isotopic data are not well established. Here, we present data from δ13C analyses of whole and size-separated SOM, which are discussed in conjunction with organic (total organic carbon (TOC) content) and inorganic (%clay) soil data. These data are put into context with the current vegetation state (assessed from tree size-class distribution) and the 50-year vegetation history (assessed from aerial photographs). By linking below- and above-ground datasets, we show that δ13C analyses of SOM can accurately record vegetation-change histories over short- (10 and 50years) and longer-term (hundreds of years) time scales. Our data also show that spatial variability was relatively small for the clay TOC content but was much larger for δ13C data, indicating that the number of soil cores required for statistical significance is highly dependent on the kind of measurements intended. Finally, interpretation of δ13C data from SOM to assess the history of C3–C4 vegetation change is complicated by the inherent 13C-enrichment of SOM, owing to decomposition processes, which occurs regardless of vegetation change. We suggest a method for distinguishing 13C-enrichment of SOM that is due to soil-inherent (decomposition-related) processes from 13C-enrichment that is due to increased inputs of C4 organic matter.
Control of Schistosomiasis Using Nigerian Medicinal Plants as Molluscicides

AbstractOne hundred and twelve extractives prepared from 53 medicinal plants were evaluated for molluscicidal activity using three snail vectors, Bulinus globosus. Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Lymnaea natalensis. Thirteen of these plants (24.5%) from 9 families passed the World Health Organization preliminary test for molluscicidal activity. Molluscicidal constituents are surveyed and discussed.
Kilonova rates from spherical and axisymmetrical models

Detecting the thermal emission from double neutron star merger events is a challenging task because of the quick fading of the observed flux. In order to create an efficient observing strategy for their observing method, it is crucial to know their intrinsic rate. Unfortunately, the numerous models existing today predict this rate on a very wide range. Hence, our goal in this paper is to investigate the effect of different levels of approximations on the relative rate predictions. Also, we study the effect of distinct ejecta mass layouts on the light curve. We find that the ratio of the expected kilonova detections of the spherical to axisymmetrical models is 6:1 (or 2:1, depending on the input parameter set applied in our work). Nevertheless, the light-curve shape is only slightly affected by the various ejecta alignments. This means that different ejecta layouts can produce light curves with similar shapes making it a challenging task to infer the structure of the matter outflow. Thus, we conclude that the uncertainty in the rate predictions arising from the various ejecta mass distribution models is negligible compared to the errors present in other input parameters (e.g. binary neutron star merger rate). In addition, we show that up to moderate redshifts (z ≲ 0.2) the redshift distribution type (observed or uniform in volume) does not affect the expected relative rate estimations.
Transferable Architecture for Segmenting Maxillary Sinuses on Texture-Enhanced Occipitomental View Radiographs

Maxillary sinuses are the most prevalent locations for paranasal infections on both children and adults. Common diagnostic material for this particular disease is through the screening of occipitomental-view skull radiography (SXR). With the growing cases on paranasal infections, expediting the diagnosis has become an important innovation aspect that could be addressed through the development of a computer-aided diagnosis system. As the preliminary stage of the development, an automatic segmentation over the maxillary sinuses is required to be developed. This study presents a computer-aided detection (CAD) module that segments maxillary sinuses from a plain SXR that has been preprocessed through the novel texture-based morphological analysis (ToMA). Later, the network model from the Transferable Fully Convolutional Network (T-FCN) performs pixel-wise segmentation of the maxillary sinuses. T-FCN is designed to be trained with multiple learning stages, which enables re-utilization of network weights to be adjusted based on newer dataset. According to the experiments, the proposed system achieved segmentation accuracy at 85.70%, with 50% faster learning time.
Farmers' perceptions of sorghum stem-borer and farm management practices in eastern Ethiopia

A survey of 90 farmers, randomly selected over six sorghum-growing districts in eastern Ethiopia was carried out during July to August, 2001 in the long rainy season. The study investigated farmers' perceptions of the importance of stem-borer and farm practices influencing the pest. Sorghum farming was characterized by smallholdings with an average land size of 4.3 ha, an average family size of 6 and an average yield of 878 kg ha − 1. Farmers cited pests, drought, and shortage of seed, land and labour as the main constraints upon sorghum production. Stem-borers were perceived to be the major pests requiring control. The majority of the farmers never applied chemical insecticides against stem-borers due to lack of capital and unavailability of insecticides. Because of restricted access to improved varieties, farmers largely used local cultivars of sorghum selected for yield potential but with little emphasis on insect resistance. Very few farmers destroyed sorghum residues after harvest. The majority of farmers grew sorghum under intercropping mainly due to the high yield expected. Crop rotation in sorghum fields was not widely practised due to land shortage.
Non-industrial private forest owners' financial risk taking: Does gender matter?

Abstract Male and female non-industrial private forest (NIPF) owners differ in inheritance positions, valuations and forest management style. A survey of Swedish NIPF owners found that male and female owners differ in their willingness to take a financial risk. The preliminary analysis, looking only at gender, revealed no difference in the willingness to take risk. Dividing the population according to dependence on income from forestry, however, showed that female NIPF owners increased their willingness to take financial risk when the dependence of income from forestry changed from insubstantial to notable. Females' tolerance towards risk was also significantly higher than males' at the notable level of dependence of forestry income. Having or not having economic yield as one of the most important objectives of ownership seemed to have a little effect on the willingness to take financial risk; however, the results were further strengthened when adding this dimension. A gender perspective was applied to explain identified differences between male and female forest owners concerning their willingness to take financial risks. Whether these differences emanate from real differences in willingness to take risk, or whether they are effects from other differences in male and female forest ownership, is discussed.