Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cryphonectriaceae on Myrtales in China: phylogeny, host range, and pathogenicity

Plantation-grown Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) and other trees residing in the Myrtales have been widely planted in southern China. These fungal pathogens include species of Cryphonectriaceae that are well-known to cause stem and branch canker disease on Myrtales trees. During recent disease surveys in southern China, sporocarps with typical characteristics of Cryphonectriaceae were observed on the surfaces of cankers on the stems and branches of Myrtales trees. In this study, a total of 164 Cryphonectriaceae isolates were identified based on comparisons of DNA sequences of the partial conserved nuclear large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions including the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal DNA operon, two regions of the β-tubulin (tub2/tub1) gene, and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene region, as well as their morphological characteristics. The results showed that eight species reside in four genera of Cryphonectriaceae occurring on the genera Eucalyptus, Melastoma (Melastomataceae), Psidium (Myrtaceae), Syzygium (Myrtaceae), and Terminalia (Combretaceae) in Myrtales. These fungal species include Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis, Celoporthe syzygii, Cel. eucalypti, Cel. guangdongensis, Cel. cerciana, a new genus and two new species, as well as one new species of Aurifilum. These new taxa are hereby described as Parvosmorbus gen. nov., Par. eucalypti sp. nov., Par. guangdongensis sp. nov., and Aurifilum terminali sp. nov. Pathogenicity tests showed that the eight species of Cryphonectriaceae are pathogenic to two Eucalyptus hybrid seedlings, Melastoma sanguineum branches, and Psidium guajava and Syzygium jambos seedlings. The overall data showed that Chr. deuterocubensis is the most aggressive, followed by Par. eucalypti. Significant differences in tolerance were observed between the two tested Eucalyptus hybrid genotypes, suggesting that disease-tolerant genotypes can be selected for disease management in the Eucalyptus industry.
Deep learning and optimization algorithms for automatic breast cancer detection

Breast cancer is caused by the abnormal and rapid growth of breast cells. An early diagnosis can ensure an easier and effective treatment. A mass in the breast is a significant early sign of breast cancer, even though differentiating the cancerous mass's tissue from normal tissue for diagnosis is a difficult task for radiologists. The development of computer‐aided detection systems in recent years has led to nondestructive and efficient cancer diagnostic techniques. This paper proposes a comprehensive method to locate the cancerous region in the mammogram image. This method employs image noise reduction, optimal image segmentation based on the convolutional neural network, a grasshopper optimization algorithm, and optimized feature extraction and feature selection based on the grasshopper optimization algorithm, thereby improving precision and decreasing the computational cost. This method was applied to the Mammographic Image Analysis Society Digital Mammogram Database and Digital Database for Screening Mammography breast cancer databases and the simulation results were compared with 10 different state‐of‐the‐art methods to analyze the proposed system's efficiency. Final results showed that the proposed method had 96% Sensitivity, 93% Specificity, 85% PPV, 97% NPV, 92% accuracy, and better efficiency than other traditional methods in terms of Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and Accuracy.
HIGH-AFFINITY ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTORS IN THE BOVINE OVARY ARE DIFFERENT FROM THOSE PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED IN OTHER TISSUES

Scatchard analysis of angiotensin II (A II) binding data revealed different effects of dithiothreitol (DTT) on high-affinity AII receptors in the bovine adrenal and ovary. Dithiothreitol predominantly inhibited 1251-A II binding capacity of adrenal membranes by decreasing the number of the high-affinity binding sites (Bm,,= 265 i25 fmol/mg of protein without DTT; B,,,,,,=26i5 fmol/mg of protein with 100 mM DTT) without significant change in A II binding affinity (Kd= 0.49i0.02 nM vs. Kd=--0.37 i0.10 nM). By contrast, in the ovary the agent stimulated 1251-A II binding capacity up to 3-fold by increasing A II binding affinity of the high-affinity receptors (Kd:0.22i0.04 nM vs. Kd=0.041i0.015 nM for 0 mM and 100 niM DTT, respectively) with no change in the number of binding sites (B,,,,,,= 72i 13 vs. 85i8 fmol/mg of protein). These results suggest the existence of two distinct subtypes of A II receptors between the two tissues. Angiotensin II (A II), the biologically active component of the renin-angiotensin system, has a variety of physiological effects, including arteriolar vasoconstriction, aldosterogenesis, stimulation of drinking behavior, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis (7, 11, 13, 17, 20). These effects of A II are exerted by the specific A II receptors intarget tissues such as the artery, adrenal, brain, and liver (1-4, 16). Recently, Speth er al. (21), Husain er al. (12), and Pucell er al. (18) have identified AII receptors in the rat ovary and showed that A II can selectively stimulate ovarian estrogen secretion. We have also demonstrated that renin mRNA exists in the rat ovary and its concentration is changed during the estrous cycle (14, 15). Together, these data suggest a role for the renin-angiotensin system as a local regulator of ovarian function. On the other hand, biochemical and physiological studies (8, 9, 19) indicated the existence ofmultiple populations ofA II receptors; for example, in the rat liver the higher-affinity A II receptors with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.35 nM are sensitive to dithiothreitol (DTT) and stimulate glycogen phosphorylase whereas the low-affinity receptors with a Kd value of 3.1 nM are resistant to DTT and inhibit glucagon-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity (9). In the present study, therefore, we characterized the bovine ovarian AII receptors in terms of their sensitivity to the reducing agent DTT. The results indicated that in contrast to high-affinity A II receptors in other tissues such as adrenal (1, 5), liver (9), and mesenteric artery (10), the ovarian receptor was not inactivated by DTT; rather, its affinity for A II was increased by DTT treatment.
An analysis of sleep position during young adulthood in men who develop Barrett’s Esophagus

Abstract Objective: Sleeping on the right side (right lateral decubitus position) is associated with increased acid reflux. It is unknown how sleep position during young adulthood affects patients with Barrett’s Esophagus (BE), a precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods: This retrospective study examined 58 adult men enrolled from 2001 to 2008 with a new diagnosis of BE who did not have esophageal adenocarcinoma or prior esophageal or gastric surgery. Detailed medical history included questions on sleep position during young adulthood (age 19–29). Quantile regression was used for multivariable adjustment. Results: The median age at presentation was 55 with a range of 33–91. 28 patients (48.3%) had BE lengths of at least 3 cm. Most patients (69.0%) reported sleeping on their right side only. Sleep position was associated with the age at presentation (p = 0.009). Patients who slept on their left side were the oldest at diagnosis (adjusted median age = 68.7 years) and significantly older than those sleeping on both sides or prone (age 41.2 years, p = 0.002) or their right side and either prone or supine (45.7 years, p = 0.005) or right side only (55.1 years, p = 0.03). Sleep position was not associated with BE length after multivariate adjustment (p = 0.43). Conclusion: Most patients slept on their right side during young adulthood. Patients with right side (and non-left side) sleeping were diagnosed at a younger age than left-side sleepers. This may be due to more nocturnal reflux during young adulthood.
Aeroelastic response of a multi-megawatt upwind horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) based on fluid–structure interaction simulation

Abstract. With the increasing demand for greener, sustainable, and economical energy sources, wind energy has proven to be a potential sustainable source of energy. The trend development of wind turbines tends to increase rotor diameter and tower height to capture more energy. The bigger, lighter, and more flexible structure is more sensitive to smaller excitations. To make sure that the dynamic behavior of the wind turbine structure will not influence the stability of the system and to further optimize the structure, a fully detailed analysis of the entire wind turbine structure is crucial. Since the fatigue and the excitation of the structure are highly depending on the aerodynamic forces, it is important to take blade–tower interactions into consideration in the design of large-scale wind turbines. In this work, an aeroelastic model that describes the interaction between the blade and the tower of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) is presented. The high-fidelity fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model is developed by coupling a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver with a finite element (FE) solver to investigate the response of a multi-megawatt wind turbine structure. The results of the computational simulation showed that the dynamic response of the tower is highly dependent on the rotor azimuthal position. Furthermore, rotation of the blades in front of the tower causes not only aerodynamic forces on the blades but also a sudden reduction in the rotor aerodynamic torque by 2.3 % three times per revolution.
Genetic diversity and population structure of the endangered endemic species Paeonia decomposita from China and implications for its conservation

Paeonia decomposita, endemic to China, has important ornamental, medicinal and economic value and is regarded as a threatened endangered plant. The genetic diversity and structure have seldom been described. A conservation management plan is not currently available. In present study, 16 pairs of SSR primers were used to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure. A total of 122 alleles were obtained with a mean of 7.625 alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.043 to 0.901 (mean 0.492). Moderate genetic diversity (He=0.405) among populations were revealed, with Danba identified as the center of genetic diversity. Mantel tests revealed a significant positive correlation between geographic and genetic distance among populations (r=0.592, P=0.0001), demonstrating consistency with the isolation by distance model. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results indicated that the principal genetic variation existed within populations (73.48%) rather than among populations (26.52%). Bayesian structure analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) supported classification of the populations into three clusters. Based on the level of observed genetic diversity, three management unints were proposed as conservation measures. The results will be beneficial for the conservation and exploitation of the species, providing a theoretical basis for further research on its evolution and phylogeography. Hightlights Genetic diversity among populations was moderate in Paeonia decomposita There is significant positive correlation between geographic and genetic distance among populations, consistent with the isolation by distance model Principal genetic variation existed within populations rather than among populations. The populations divided into three clusters. Three management unints were proposed as conservation measures.
Melphalan-Prednisone-Thalidomide to Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Placebo Controlled Randomised Phase 3 Trial.

Previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma were included in this double-blind randomised trial. Patients not eligible for high dose treatment in Norway, Sweden and Denmark were recruited. The study started in 2002 and accrual of patients stopped 1st of May 2007. Date of analysis was 1st of June 2007. The treatment was randomized between melphalan/prednisone/thalidomide and melphalan/prednisone/placebo. Starting dose of thalidomide was 200 mg escalating to 400 mg. There was no recommendation for prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism. Endpoints were overall survival, event free survival, response, time to progression and quality of life. Interim analysis for safety was performed in 2004 by an independent commitee. Altogether 362 patients with mean age 75 (49–92) years were included, 55% males. The incidence of venous thromboembolism in the blinded treatment arms was 7%. The study will be unblinded and results will be available September 2007.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and its relation to perinatal outcome

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is one of the cause for adverse perinatal outcome. Pregnant women are at high risk for UTIs. Women exposed to antepartum urinary tract infection had increased incidence of delivering infants with low birth weights, premature infants, preterm infants with low birth weights, than those who were not exposed. Women exposed to antepartum urinary tract infection were also more likely to experience premature labor, hypertension or preeclampsia and anemia. Methods: Antenatal women attending Geetanjali medical college and hospital, Udaipur, OPD department were screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria and followed up till delivery. Two groups were made one with asymptomatic bacteriuria positive and treated and other with non-asymptomatic bacteriuria patients. Both groups were followed uptill delivery to note their adverse perinatal outcomes. Odds ratios (OR’s) and 95% test based confidence intervals (CI’s) were computed between two groups to note their perinatal and maternal outcomes. Results: Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 12.27%. Mean gestational age at which women presented was 14-26 weeks. No incidence of pyelonephritis was found. No significant adverse perinatal outcome was noted amongst patients treated for asymptomatic bacteriuria. Conclusions: Early screening and treatment of ASB when implemented helps in reducing adverse maternal outcome.
Early pharmacy education with community teachers (EPhECT): A longitudinal service-learning experience

Early Pharmacy Education with Community Teachers (EPhECT) is a three-year service-learning experience in which students develop a relationship with a community teacher, learn from their community teacher's health and life experiences, and identify and meet their needs, including providing pharmaceutical care. EPhECT is structured in teams comprised of a community teacher, a first (PD-I), second (PD-II), and two third (PD-III) year students, and a faculty member. Students work with their community teacher during community-based visits, community outreach presentations, and the College-based Pharmaceutical Care Clinic. Through these components and subsequent assignments and reflection, students better understand a true patient's perspective while they gain experience applying their didactic learning in a unique early experiential environment. Community teachers gain a better understanding of the role pharmacists serve in health care while also being served through student activities and Clinic-based care. EPhECT continues to develop into an integral component of a patient-centered pharmacy curriculum.
Delivery of Mental Health Services for a State's Population of Children in Foster Care: A Comparison of Illinois and National Data

States play a major role in providing mental health services for children in foster care, but previous research uses either local or national samples. Using 2003 and 2005 data, the present study compares children in foster care in Illinois and nationally on mental health need and service receipt. Caregivers completed measures of children’s mental health problems and service receipt and youths completed selfreport measures of mental health problems. From 46.5% to 55.9% of Illinois children and youth in foster care scored in the clinical or borderline clinical range on a caregiver measure of children’s mental health, comparable to national rates. Children and youth selfreported lower rates of mental health problems both in Illinois and nationally. Though sizable proportions used mental health services across samples, Illinois children in foster care were significantly less likely to receive a range of different mental health services than children in foster care nationally. Challenges to service delivery for Illinois children in foster care and recent service improvements are reviewed in this and a companion paper.
Combining formal education and citizen science: A case study on students’ perceptions of learning and interest in an urban rat project

Citizen science is a valuable tool in environmental and formal education in creating scientific knowledge for the researchers and facilitating learning and fostering a positive relationship toward the environment and study species. We present a case study on the Helsinki Urban Rat Project in which students surveyed rat occurrence in their own near environments. According to our results, experientiality, involvement, meaningfulness, freedom to choose, ease of participation, and the rats themselves contributed to students’ increased interest in participation. Furthermore, students described diverse factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive knowledge that they acquired during their participation. In general, students described negative attitudes toward rats, but they described fewer negative views on rats after participation. We reflect on the success of the citizen science project and implications of planning a future citizen science project and incorporating citizen science in formal education.
Influence of soil tillage system on soil compaction and winter wheat yield

Tillage systems can affect soil compaction, water content, soil temperature, and yields of cultivated plants. This work examined a Vertisol and the influence of the tillage system on soil compaction and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains. The trial was conducted in the vicinity of Požega, Western Serbia, from 2014 to 2017. Four tillage systems (conventional tillage, reduced tillage, disc harrowing, and no-tillage) were applied in the experiment. Tillage systems have significantly influenced soil compaction, measurement time, and soil depth. Mean soil compaction in 20162017 was 1.96 MPa, which was 0.17 MPa lower than in 2014-2015 and 0.30 MPa higher than in 2015-2016. The highest mean wheat yield occurred in the conventional tillage system (4033 kg ha-1), and it was significantly higher than the yield obtained in other soil tillage systems. There was a strong negative correlation between mean wheat yield and soil compaction. It was necessary to apply complete soil tillage to achieve satisfactory wheat grain yields on the Vertisol, which implies plowing and adequate pre-sowing soil preparation.
Board gender diversity and cost of equity

ABSTRACT Evidence that women directors provide more effective monitoring suggests that greater board gender diversity is associated with lower cost of equity because of greater confidence in the firm’s governance. We test this hypothesis using a sample of French firms over the period 2006–2017. The results show that cost of equity is significantly lower when firms have a higher proportion of women directors. It thus appears that mandatory quotas have allowed women directors to reach the critical mass needed to have significant impact.
Review of the genus classification of Abiinae (Cimbicidae, Hymenoptera)

Abiinae is the second-largest subfamily in Cimbicidae, a small family of true sawflies (Tenthredinoidea). The subfamily is adequately defined, but the generic classification has been unstable. Currently, only two genera are regarded as valid: Abia Leach, 1817 and Allabia Semenov & Gussakovskij, 1937. We evaluate the generic classification of Abiinae in a phylogenetic context. A total of 32 species (out of 57 described for the subfamily), including the type species of Allabia, Allabia infernalis (Semenov, 1896), are scored for 150 adult morphological characters. Results show some resolution, but only few clades can be circumscribed by consistent character combinations. Most of the characters that have previously been used to define genera are not congruent; consequently, most suggested genus definitions appear to be random character state combinations and few natural groups can be identified. For these reasons, we treat Allabia syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Abia and make the following additional taxonomic changes: Abia infernalis Semenov, 1896 comb. rev. and Abia malaisei (Semenov & Gussakovskij, 1937) syn. nov. For the purpose of long-term stability of the classification of Abiinae, we recommend recognizing only one genus, Abia, within the subfamily.
MHD FLOW OF CARREAU NANOFLUID EXPLORED USING CNT OVER A NONLINEAR STRETCHED SHEET

In the present investigation is to magnetohydrodymaics (MHD) radiative flow of an incompressible steady flow of Carreau nanofluid explored with carbon nanotubes. The boundary layer flow and heat transfer to a Carreau nanofluid model over a nonlinear stretching surface is introduced. The Carreau model, adequate for many non-Newtonian fluids is used to characterize the behavior of the fluids having shear thinning properties and fluids with shear thickening properties for numerical values of the power law exponent n. The modeled boundary layer conservation equations are converted to non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations by a suitable transformation.R language with bvp solver was adopted to obtained numerical solutions of the resulting equations by using the Runge-Kutta method along with shooting technique. This analysis reveals many important physical aspects of flow and heat transfer. Computations are performed for different values of the stretching parameter(m),the Weissenberg number (We) and the Prandtl number (Pr). The obtained results show that the velocity of shear thinning fluid is depressed by the Weissenberg number while contrasting behavior for the shear thickening fluid is observed. A comparison with previously published data in limiting cases is performed and they are in excellent agreement.