Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the steering principal of tropical cyclone motion in a numerical experiment

Abstract. The steering principle of tropical cyclone motion has been applied to tropical cyclone forecasting and research for nearly 100 years. Two fundamental questions remain unanswered. One is why the steering flow plays a dominant role in tropical cyclone motion, and the other is when tropical cyclone motion deviates considerably from the steering. A high-resolution numerical experiment was conducted with the tropical cyclone in a typical large-scale monsoon trough over the western North Pacific. The simulated tropical cyclone experiences two eyewall replacement processes. Based on the potential vorticity tendency (PVT) diagnostics, this study demonstrates that the conventional steering, which is calculated over a certain radius from the tropical cyclone center in the horizontal and a deep pressure layer in the vertical, plays a dominant role in tropical cyclone motion since the contributions from other processes are largely cancelled out due to the coherent structure of tropical cyclone circulation. Resulting from the asymmetric dynamics of the tropical cyclone inner core, the trochoidal motion around the mean tropical cyclone track cannot be accounted for by the conventional steering. The instantaneous tropical cyclone motion can considerably deviate from the conventional steering that approximately accounts for the combined effect of the contribution of the advection of the symmetric potential vorticity component by the asymmetric flow and the contribution from the advection of the wave-number-one potential vorticity component by the symmetric flow.
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Model Type Team Games Tournament (TGT) with Play Wheel Media on Students’ Interest in Biology Education STKIP Pembangunan Indonesia

In the learning process required a learning model that can improve learning outcomes and increase student interest in learning. One of them is the Cooperative Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model with a rotating wheel media. This model provides learning assistance and games for the discussion team with the help of students and self-study assistance without the help of the instructor from this process which then arises student interest in learning. The purpose of this study was to study the great learning of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning model with the turning wheel media on the Student Interest in Biology Education in STKIP-PI Makassar. This study uses quantitative data analysis techniques by conducting analysis tests with hypothesis testing using trials. Based on the results of calculating student value data using the t-test and then proceed with the calculation of the percentage of influence with the coefficient of determination then it can be refuted as referred to the Cooperative Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model with the rotary wheel media for the benefit of student learning in Biology Education STKIP-PI Makassar is tall. Percentage of magnitude of influence shown by the results of the coefficient of determination is 51.05%. Means the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model with the rotary wheel media has a positive influence to increase student interest in learning.
Effects of Land-Use Characteristics on Transport Mode Choices by Purpose of Travel in Seoul, South Korea, Based on Spatial Regression Analysis

The objective of this study was to identify the effects of land-use characteristics on the transport mode choices of people according to their purpose of travel. Land-use characteristics consisting of variables associated with density, diversity and accessibility were selected as independent variables. The volume of traffic entering each administrative neighborhood was extracted to establish travel data as the dependent variable. We compared and analyzed the results derived from ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis and spatial regression (SR) analysis. The results showed that the explanatory power of the SR model was higher than that of the OLS model. The results in this study reveal that the effects of land-use characteristics on travel show clear differences according to the transport mode, more so than according to the purpose of travel. Moreover, the results showed that an increase in the level of variables associated with density does not always facilitate the use of non-motorized or public transit modes, nor does it always deter the use of personal motorized modes. The findings in this study are significant in a knowledge-sharing context, as they present the effects of land-use characteristics on the volume of traffic in high-density cities, using Seoul as a case study.
Brain structures and activity during a working memory task associated with internet addiction tendency in young adults: A large sample study

The structural and functional brain characteristics associated with the excessive use of the internet have attracted substantial research attention in the past decade. In current study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between internet addiction tendency (IAT) score and regional gray and white matter volumes (rGMVs and rWMVs) and brain activity during a WM task in a large sample of healthy young adults (n = 1,154, mean age, 20.71 ± 1.78 years). We found a significant positive correlation between IAT score and gray matter volume (GMV) of right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG) and significant negative correlations with white matter volume (WMV) of right temporal lobe (sub-gyral and superior temporal gyrus), right sublobar area (extra-nuclear and lentiform nucleus), right cerebellar anterior lobe, cerebellar tonsil, right frontal lobe (inferior frontal gyrus and sub-gyral areas), and the pons. Also, IAT was significantly and positively correlated with brain activity in the default-mode network (DMN), medial frontal gyrus, medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex during a 2-back working memory (WM) task. Moreover, whole-brain analyses of rGMV showed significant effects of interaction between sex and the IAT scores in the area spreading around the left anterior insula and left lentiform. This interaction was moderated by positive correlation in women. These results indicate that IAT is associated with (a) increased GMV in rSMG, which is involved in phonological processing, (b) decreased WMV in areas of frontal, sublobar, and temporal lobes, which are involved in response inhibition, and (c) reduced task-induced deactivation of the DMN, indicative of altered attentional allocation.
Teachers’ Perspectives on Remote-based Teaching and Learning in the COVID-19 Era: Rethinking Technology Availability and Suitability in Zimbabwe

The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic (SARS-COV-2) in December 2019 disrupted traditional forms of teaching and learning centred on face-to-face and in-class instruction. Governments enforced social distancing measures characterised by stay-at-home strategies and the closure of schools and other learning facilities. The government of Zimbabwe adopted radio broadcast as the primary tool for lesson delivery during the COVID-19. Contextually, Zimbabwe’s radio signals are only accessed by 29.1 percent of the entire population, with weak to no reception in some regions, especially those in the south. While radio access is low, mobile phone ownership per household is over 90 percent. In light of the contextual dynamics, the study examined available technologies to deliver educational content during the COVID-19 lockdown as the government declared radio broadcasts as the primary tool to support teaching and learning. The study utilised an adapted Technology Acceptance Model as the theoretical framework. Secondary school teachers from the southern region were drawn through random sampling to participate in the survey to gather their opinions and practices. The study results revealed that teachers preferred to use smartphones and computers/laptops for teaching rather than radio. The study identified barriers such as lack of infrastructure, cost of data, lack of connectivity, lack of access to computing devices, and the institution’s culture. The results could influence policymakers in adopting digital media for teaching, and this will equip learners with 21st-century skills. Continuous professional development of teachers should aim to improve their digital skills.
Attention Enabled Multi-Agent DRL for Decentralized Volt-VAR Control of Active Distribution System Using PV Inverters and SVCs

This paper proposes attention enabled multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) framework for active distribution network decentralized Volt-VAR control. Using the unsupervised clustering, the whole distribution system can be decomposed into several sub-networks according to the voltage and reactive power sensitivity relationships. Then, the distributed control problem of each sub-network is modeled as Markov games and solved by the improved MADRL algorithm, where each sub-network is modeled as an adaptive agent. An attention mechanism is developed to help each agent focus on specific information that is mostly related to the reward. All agents are centrally trained offline to learn the optimal coordinated Volt-VAR control strategy and executed in a decentralized manner to make online decisions with only local information. Compared with other distributed control approaches, the proposed method can effectively deal with uncertainties, achieve fast decision makings, and significantly reduce the communication requirements. Comparison results with model-based and other data-driven methods on IEEE 33-bus and 123-bus systems demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach.
Spatial Clustering of Aftershocks Impacts the Performance of Physics‐Based Earthquake Forecasting Models

I explore why physics‐based models of earthquake triggering rarely outperform statistical models in prospective testing, outside of limited spatial‐temporal windows. Pseudo‐prospective tests on suites of synthetic aftershock sequences show that a major factor is the level of unmodeled spatial clustering of the direct aftershocks triggered by the mainshock. The synthetic sequences are generated from generalized “physical” triggering models, optionally superimposed on background heterogeneity that controls the level of clustering. The statistical Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model performs relatively better the more clustered the direct aftershocks, while the true generalized “physical” model performs relatively worse. Real aftershocks appear to be sufficiently clustered to allow ETAS to perform as well as or better than physical models such as Coulomb stress triggering. A likely cause of the spatial clustering of direct aftershocks is heterogeneity of the background physical conditions, which typically is not modeled in physics‐based forecasts. This implies that the forecast performance of physical models could be substantially improved through a better understanding of the interaction between earthquake stress changes and variable background physical conditions such as stress state, fault strength, and fluid pressure.
Collaborative Rebate Strategy of Business-to-Customer Platforms Considering Recycling and Trade-Ins Simultaneously

B2C (business to customer) platforms like JD.com and Suning.com often cooperate with professional recycling companies, and implement recycling programs and trade-in programs simultaneously, especially for electronic products. The former means that platforms recycle old products from customers with cash, whereas the latter means that platforms allow customers to trade in old products for new ones. Under this background, we discuss how to develop the optimal rebate strategy for B2C platforms based on the market recovery price of old products, and give the optimal rebate prices and feasible conditions of single-rebate, dual-rebate, and none-rebate strategies. The results show that the single-recycling rebate strategy is dominant when the residual value of old products is low, and when the residual value of old products is high, platforms should choose in turn the single-trade-in rebate strategy, dual-rebate strategy, single-recycling rebate strategy, and non-rebate strategy with the increase in the cost of new products. In order to obtain higher profits, B2C platforms should provide appropriate rebates to better coordinate the recycling program and the trade-in program on the basis of the market recovery price, the residual value, and the durability of old products as well as the cost, the selling price, and the upgrade range of new products.
Influence of fluoride on the electrochemical behvior of a new synthesized Ti-10Ta-2Mo alloy for biomedical applications

The aim of the present study is to investigate the corrosion resistance of a new synthesized Ti-10Ta-2Mo in 0.9%NaCl solution containing different NaF concentrations using electrochemical techniques, including open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that Ti-10Ta-2Mo exhibits a good corrosion resistance in 0.9% NaCl as well as in 0.9%NaCl containing fluoride and even in acidified 0.9% NaCl free of fluoride ion. Very low corrosion current densities and high impedance values were obtained, indicating the passive behavior of the alloy. An active state was observed in acidified 0.9%NaCl of pH 2 in the presence of fluoride. The results showed that Ti-10Ta-2Mo is more appropriate than some materials cited in the literature, suggesting its suitability for biomedical applications.
Severe convection-related winds in Australia and their associated environments

Severe surface wind gusts produced by thunderstorms have the potential to damage infrastructure and are a major hazard for society. Wind gust data are examined from 35 observing stations around Australia, with lightning observations used to indicate the occurrence of deep convective processes in the vicinity of the observed wind gusts. A collation of severe thunderstorm reports is also used to complement the station wind gust data. Atmospheric reanalysis data are used to systematically examine large-scale environmental measures associated with severe convective winds. We find that methods based on environmental measures provide a better indication of the observed severe convective winds than the simulated model wind gusts from the reanalysis data, noting that the spatial scales on which these events occur are typically smaller than the reanalysis grid cells. Consistent with previous studies in other regions and idealised modelling, the majority of severe convective wind events are found to occur in environments with steep mid-level tropospheric lapse rates, moderate convective instability and strong background wind speeds. A large proportion of events from measured station data occur with relatively dry environmental air at low levels, although it is unknown to what extent this type of environment is representative of other severe wind-producing convective modes in Australia. The occurrence of severe convective winds is found to be well represented by a number of indices used previously for forecasting applications, such as the weighted product of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and vertical wind shear, the derecho composite parameter and the total totals index, as well as by logistic regression methods applied to environmental variables. Based on the systematic approach used in this study, our findings provide new insight on spatio-temporal variations in the risk of damaging winds occurring, including the environmental factors associated with their occurrence.
Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Community of the Paraíba Semi-Arid Using Original Score

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is neglected in the planning of health services in Brazil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) registered in the Unified Health System (SUS) of the semi-arid of Paraiba (PB-Brazil), using a score developed by the researchers to track this condition. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which DM2 patients registered at SUS in the city of S? o Mamede-PB was recruited. Ophthalmological and clinical data were collected, including: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist circumference/height ratio (WC/stature), smoking history, physical activity, time of diabetes and its control, blood pressure values and comorbidities. With these data, an original score for DR screening (DRSS) was performed. Qualitative variables were expressed by absolute and relative frequencies, and quantitative variables were expressed by means and standard deviations. p value ≤ 0.05 was used to reject the null hypothesis. Results: Ninety seven (64.7%) type 2 diabetic patients were recruited. Participants were predominantly women (64.9%), with a mean age of 65.8 years, of short stature (mean of 1.56 m), high BMI, with a predominance of the WC/stature ratio equal to or greater than 0.60, smokers and patients with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). The main ophthalmological findings were: vascular changes compatible with Grade I/II Hypertensive Retinopathy (72.1%) and cataracts in about 50% of the eyes. The prevalence of DR was 12.4%. According to the DRSS results, it was found that most patients (85.6%) had a high risk score equal to or greater than 60 of developing DR. It was observed that the variables: WC, physical activity, time of diabetes and SAH showed a significant association with the risk of developing DR. In addition, BMI and WC/height ratio with higher values had a high risk of developing DR. Conclusion: There was association between medium and high DRSS risk diabetics with the probability of developing DR, recommending that all people with these characteristics should be referred to the specialist in order to screen for DR and other morbidities caused by diabetes.
Controversy in Determining Criteria and Categories in Summarizing and Exploring The Research Data; Analysis of Assessment Procedures in The Social Science Research

Determination of criteria and categorization of data in measurement is a crucial moment when processing research data. Overview, exploration and presentation of data will be effective and valid if the criteria set meets the requirements, both from a theoretical and statistical perspective. However, the fact that often arises, especially in beginner researchers made a mistaken in determining the criteria and categories. These errors are often indicated in the form of incomprehension and negligence of researchers in placing data types with the type of methodology. This paper describes various errors in determining criteria and categories of research data, determining criteria and categories of research data, and suggesting their meaning, especially in social science research. This research involved respondents from four different types of assessments, which is 428 respondents from Daharnis-Zadrian Majoring Choices Inventory (DZ-MCI) and 174 respondents from the Acceptability of Mental-Health Mobile-App Survey (AMMS), as well as 1190 respondents from the development of DLAS and DLESS inventory. The results of the study show that the determination of categories and criteria in data processing greatly impacts the truth of data exposure and advanced data analysis. Implications of these studies for determining categories and criteria of research on social science research are discussed
A Randomized Study on the Prophylactic Use of Acetaminophen to Prevent Fever after the Removal of Drainage Tubes for Lumbar Surgery

Many inpatients encounter a fever in the first 24 h after drainage removal. It is costly to exclude the possibility of deep infection and cultures usually fail to identify the etiology. We hypothesize that the fever is caused by a normal inflammatory response and tested whether the prophylactic use of acetaminophen could reduce the fever rate.
Paying to party: Candidate resources and party switching in new democracies

Party switching among legislative candidates has important implications for accountability and representation in democratizing countries. We argue that party switching is influenced by campaign costs tied to the clientelistic politics that persist in many such countries. Candidates who are expected to personally pay for their campaigns, including handouts for voters, will seek to affiliate with parties that can lower those costs through personal inducements and organizational support. Campaign costs also drive candidate selection among party leaders, as they seek to recruit candidates who can finance their own campaigns. We corroborate these expectations with an original survey and embedded choice experiment conducted among parliamentary candidates in Zambia. The conjoint analysis shows that candidates prefer larger parties that offer particularistic benefits. The survey further reveals that parties select for business owners as candidates—the very candidates most likely to defect from one party to another.
Instandsetzung von chloridbelasteten Bauteilen durch Applikation einer Beschichtung

Die im Januar 2021 eingeführte Technische Regel des Deutschen Instituts für Bautechnik (DIBt) „Instandhaltung von Betonbauwerken“ (TR‐IH) ermöglicht zwei Verfahren zur Instandsetzung von chloridbelasteten Bauwerken durch Applikation eines Oberflächenschutzsystems bei einem (weitgehenden) Belassen der Chloride im Beton. Das Instandsetzungsverfahren 7.7 „Beschichten von chloridhaltigem Beton“ kann angewendet werden, wenn der Betonstahl noch passiv ist und, u. a. , die in der Betondeckung befindliche Chloridfracht einen Abstand des kritischen Chloridgehalts vom Betonstahl von 10 mm sicherstellt. Durch Entwicklung einer geschlossenen Lösung der diffusionsgesteuerten Chloridumverteilung nach Aufbringen der Beschichtung auch bei wasserteilgesättigten Betonen und einer Parameterstudie konnte gezeigt werden, dass der maximal verbleibende Chloridgehalt in der Betondeckung 2,0 M. ‐%/z betragen darf. Das Instandsetzungsverfahren 8.3 „Erhöhung des elektrischen Widerstands durch Beschichtung“ darf dagegen auch bei aktiver Bewehrungskorrosion angewendet werden. Dabei wurden durch umfangreiche Untersuchungen die in der TR‐IH genannten Anwendungsgrenzen weitgehend bestätigt und hinsichtlich der Betongüte und der Art des Oberflächenschutzsystems weiter zugeschärft. Letztlich ist das Verfahren nur bei Chloridgehalten unter 1,0 M. ‐%/z auch nach Chloridumverteilung mit einem geringen Risiko anwendbar.