Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution and Abundance of Non-Breeding Shorebirds Along the Coasts of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Abstract The coast of the Buenos Aires province, Argentina, includes a remarkable diversity of habitats and is used by more than fifteen Nearctic shorebird species during the austral summer months. We evaluated non-breeding shorebird distribution and abundance patterns along the Buenos Aires coastal zone and determined shorebird use of different coastal landscapes. Surveys were conducted in December 2000, and January and February 2001, using line-transect methods. The data were classified based on five previously defined coastal landscapes. Fifty four localities were surveyed covering 93 kilometers of coastline. A total of 44 waterbird species corresponding to 13 families were recorded. Shorebirds (Scolopacidae, Charadriidae, Haematopodidae and Recurvirostridae) accounted for approximately 45% of recorded waterbirds, including 14 nearctic species. Shorebird species recorded per locality varied from one to eleven, with 61% of the localities having one to four species. The most common were the American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus), White-rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis), Two-banded Plover (Charadrius falklandicus), American Golden-Plover (Pluvialis dominica) and the Sanderling (Calidris alba). Shorebird species richness and abundance varied significantly among coastal landscapes, with the highest values recorded in estuarine saltmarshes of Bahía Samborombón and Bahía Blanca. Among marine landscapes, the highest abundance and number of species were recorded in sandy beaches with “restinga” patches. This study confirms that shorebirds are an important component of the birdlife in the Buenos Aires coastal zone during the austral summer months, and that their distribution is not homogeneous along the coast, with species richness and abundances varying among localities depending on coastal landscapes.
LBSN2Vec++: Heterogeneous Hypergraph Embedding for Location-Based Social Networks

Location-Based Social Networks (LBSNs) have been widely used as a primary data source for studying the impact of mobility and social relationships on each other. Traditional approaches manually define features to characterize users’ mobility homophily and social proximity, and show that mobility and social features can help friendship and location prediction tasks, respectively. However, these hand-crafted features not only require tedious human efforts, but also are difficult to generalize. Against this background, we propose in this paper LBSN2Vec++, a heterogeneous hypergraph embedding approach designed specifically for LBSN data for automatic feature learning. Specifically, LBSN data intrinsically forms a heterogeneous hypergraph including both user-user homogeneous edges (friendships) and user-time-POI-semantic heterogeneous hyperedges (check-ins). Based on this hypergraph, we first propose a random-walk-with-stay scheme to jointly sample user check-ins and social relationships, and then learn node embeddings from the sampled (hyper)edges by not only preserving the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="yang-ieq1-2997869.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-wise node proximity captured by the hyperedges, but also considering embedding space transformation between node domains to fully grasp the complex structural characteristics of the LBSN heterogeneous hypergraph. Using real-world LBSN datasets collected in six cities all over the world, our extensive evaluation shows that LBSN2Vec++ significantly and consistently outperforms both state-of-the-art graph embedding techniques by up to 68 percent and the best-performing hand-crafted features in the literature by up to 70.14 percent on friendship and location prediction tasks.
Macroprudential Policies, Economic Growth, and Banking Crises

Using a sample that covers more than 100 countries over the 2000-2017 period, we assess the impact of macroprudential policies on financial stability. In particular, we examine whether the activation of macroprudential policies is conducive to a lower incidence of systemic banking crises. Our empirical setup is designed to account for the potential direct and indirect effects that macroprudential policies can have on banking crises. We find that while macro-prudential policies exert a direct stabilizing effect, they also have an indirect destabilizing effect, which works through the depressing of economic growth. A Generalized Impulse Response Function analysis of a dynamic system composed of the probability of a banking crisis and economic growth reveals, however, that macroprudential policies have a positive net effect on financial stability (lower likelihood of systemic banking crises).
Effect of chemical composition of plant residues on nitrogen mineralization

The successful use of plant residues as sources of nitrogen for crops requires an understanding of the process of N mineralization from the residues, which is primarily dependent on the chemical composition or quality of the residues. In this study, 7 crop residues and 13 tree residues were characterized for important quality parameters, viz., C, N, lignin and polyphenol concentrations. Nitrogen concentration in the residues ranged from 0.51% in sugarcane trash to 3.59% in Leucaena leucocephala; lignin concentration from 5.19% in paddy straw to 10.50% in Annona squamosa; and polyphenol concentration from 0.37% in sugarcane trash to 7.04% in Calliandra calothyrsus. Crop residues had lower concentrations of N, lignin and polyphenols than tree residues. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study N mineralization from the residues and to examine the effect of residue quality on N mineralization. The residues were incubated with soil at 25°C and 9% (w/w) soil water and the release of N was monitored. There were considerable variations in the N mineralization patterns of the 20 residues. All the residues caused immobilization of N immediately after addition to soil, but with the progress of time, net mineralization occurred from most of the residues. The proportion of residue N mineralized at the end of 100 days of incubation ranged from −20.67% in sugarcane trash to 81.89% in Glyricidia sepium. Correlations between residue quality parameters and % N mineralized at different intervals showed that while N mineralization was strongly influenced by N concentration of the residues and lignin whereas polyphenol concentrations had little or no effect. There were no temporal patterns in the degree of relationship of various residue quality parameters with per cent N mineralized.
Technological change and the dynamics of industries : theoretical issues and empirical evidence from Dutch manufacturing

Empirical Regularities in Dutch Manufacturing: Introduction The Data Stylised Facts and the Dutch Manufacturing Sector Firm level Manufacturing level Industry level Conclusions Appendices. Survey of Selected Theories: Introduction Equilibrium Models Static equilibrium models The 'Bounds' approach Dynamic equilibrium models Theoretical and empirical limitations of equilibrium models Technological Regimes Literature overview Empirical evidence on innovative patterns Technological regimes and industrial dynamics in evolutionary models Conclusion Product Life Cycles Literature overview Klepper's model Conclusion Appraisal Conclusions. Technological Regimes and Industry Life Cycles in Dutch Manufacturing: Introduction Technological Regimes The hypotheses Classification of industries The results Conclusion Industry Life Cycles The hypotheses Classification of industries The hypotheses tested Conclusion Combined Analysis Conclusions Appendix. Technological Diffusion Patterns and their Effects on Industrial Dynamics: Introduction The Diffusion of New Product Technologies Modelling diffuConclusions sion dynamics: Shy's approach Summary A note on firm growth Suggestions for Future ResearchThe Model Competitiveness of firms Evolution of firm size Imitation Simulation Results Interaction Between Adoption Regimes and Technological Regimes Conclusions Summary Suggestions for Future Research.
How do floral display size and the density of surrounding flowers influence the likelihood of bumble bee revisitation to a plant

Summary 1Most pollination biologists have used the collective pollinator visits to a plant as the measure of its pollinator attraction. However, we know very little about how many returns by the same individuals compose these visits, and how far each visitor travels after leaving the plant. Such behavioural aspects of individual pollinators are essential to understand the patterns of pollen flow among plants. 2We observed plant visits by tagged bumble bees Bombus diversus in a field population of Cirsium purpuratum. By dissecting the collective visitation data into visits made by individual foragers, we addressed how ‘visitor density’ (number of individuals that visited a plant per 2 h) and ‘individual visitation rate’ (number of visits made by each individual per 2 h) are related to floral display size (number of flowering heads on a plant) and local flower density (number of flowering heads on neighbouring plants). We also tracked individual bees to determine how display size and local flower density of a plant influences its relative position in a bee's foraging area. 3Plants attracted both regular visitors (bees that visited a plant more than three times per 2 h) and occasional visitors (bees that visited a plant fewer than four times per 2 h). Densities of both types of visitors increased with floral display size, whereas only occasional visitor's density increased with local flower density. 4Individual bees preferred to visit central plants within their own foraging areas, plants with larger displays, and plants with lower local flower density. However, these preferences were independent from one another. Plants with large displays were not necessarily chosen by a bee as the centre of its own foraging area. On the other hand, plants with high local flower density were often located near the centre of a bee's foraging area. 5The observed pollinator movements have implications for pollen flow in the plant population. Plants with larger displays probably experience greater mate diversity by attracting more occasional visitors, but they also assure matings with particular plants by increasing returns from regular visitors.
A Brief Didactic Theoretical Review on Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Belief Networks and Stacked Auto-Encoders

—This paper presents a brief theoretical review on deep neural network architectures, deep learning procedures, as well assome of its possible applications. The paper focuses on the most common networks structures: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Belief Network (DBN) and Stacked Auto-encoders (SA). The building blocks which enabled the construction of deeper networkssuch as Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) and softmax activation functions, convolution filters, restricted Boltzmann machines and autoencoders, are explained in the beginning and middle sections of the paper. A few examples of hybrid systems are also presented at the last sections of the paper. The paper concludes with some considerations on the state-of-art work and on the possible future applications enabled by deep neural networks.
Rapid Genomic Change in Higher Plants

INTR ODUCTI ON 367 EXAMPLES OF RAPID OR PR OGRAMMED GENOMIC CHANGE 368 Chromosome Rearrangements 368 Chromosome Imprint ing 370 Gene Ampli ficat ion and Loss 370 Transposable Elements 372 LIFE HIST ORY DIFFERENCES BE TWEEN HIGHER PLANTS AND ANIMALS. 374 PHENO TYPIC AND GENO TYPIC PLASTICITY IN HIGHER PLANTS 377 Plastid Genome . 377 Mitochondrial Genome 378 Nuclear Genome 380 C ONCLUDING REMARKS 391
55-Day-Old Female Infant infected with COVID 19: presenting with pneumonia, liver injury, and heart damage ;The Journal of Infectious Diseases ;Oxford Academic

Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were mainly based on information from adult populations Limited data are available for children with COVID-19, especially for infected infants We report a 55-day-old case with COVID-19 confirmed in China and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of the patient, including the disease progression from day 7 to day 11 of illness This case highlights that children with COVID-19 can also present with multiple organ damage and rapid disease changes When managing such patients, frequent and careful clinical monitoring is essential
Detection and characterisation of bean yellow mosaic virus in corms of Gladiolus grandiflorus

SUMMARY Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) could not be detected in corms of infected gladioli unless they were cut 6–60 days before testing. Detection after cutting was time- and temperature-dependent, was restricted to the cut area, and varied among cultivars. Virus could be recovered from uncut corms after storage for over 2 yr at 6 oC. BYMV in corms could be detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by immunosorbent electron microscopy with antisera against a gladiolus isolate purified from gladiolus leaves or corms. It could not be detected in corms with antiserum against a lupin isolate which readily detected BYMV in gladiolus leaves. Protein subunits of corm-BYMV banded in SDS-PAGE as a single 31 000 dalton polypeptide, while leaf-BYMV produced a major 34 000 and several smaller polypeptides. Both major polypeptides retained the different serological properties of their source virions but their peptide maps indicated a common origin. It is suggested that the smaller polypeptide from corm-BYMV is a stable cleavage product of the intact leaf-BYMV coat subunits. Corm-BYMV, although lacking some of the antigenic properties of leaf-BYMV, was still infective.
Characterization of Aspergillus section Flavi from pistachio soils in Iran

During 2012, soil samples from commercial pistachio orchards in three major production regions include Rafsanjan (Ker- man Province, center of Iran), Damghan (Semnan Province, north-central Iran) and Feyz-Abad (Khorasan-e Razavi Province, north- eastern Iran), were assayed on Dichloran Rose-Bengal Chloramphenicol agar (DRBC) and Aspergillus flavus-parasiticus agar media to quantify populations of Aspergillus species from the section Flavi. The mean propagule density of Aspergillus species from the Flavi section (log 10 (CFU/g soil)) was higher in Feyz-Abad (3.06, 2.88-3.24), compared to Damghan (2.55, 2.44-2.65) and Rafsanjan (2.40, 2.26-2.54). A. flavus (69.7, 65.3 and 57.9%), A. parasiticus (19.6, 25.4, and 29.3%), and A. nomius (10.7, 9.3, and 12.8%) were the predomi- nant species in the regions of Rafsanjan, Damghan, and Feyz-Abad, respectively. There were significant differences among sclerotia producing isolates of A. flavus in the sampling regions (p < 0.05). The percentage of sclerotium-producing isolates of A. flavus from Raf- sanjan (14.5%) was much lower than Damghan (39.5%) and Feyz-Abad (41.4%). The A. flavus isolates from Damghan, Rafsanjan, and Feyz-Abad were toxigenic at 53.7%, 61.6%, and 60.4%, respectively. In Rafsanjan, aflatoxin B 1 (AFB1), and AFB1 + AFB2 (aflatoxin B 2 ) ranged from 274 to 553 ppb (393±17.11) and 394 to 3745 ppb, respectively, while AFB1, and AFB1 + AFB2 ranged from 257 to 392 ppb (285±13.18) and 415 to 1658 ppb, respectively, in Damghan. We found 16 and 20 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) for 41 and 37 nit mutant producing isolates of A. flavus from Rafsanjan and Damghan, respectively. From Damghan the VCG diversity for A. flavus isolates was greater (54%) than from Rafsanjan (39%). Because there were a few number of sclerotium-producing isolates of A. flavus, we did not determine the relationships between sclerotium production with VCGs and/or geographical distribution in the three pistachio production regions. This study was the first to determine the strain and VCG diversity of A. flavus soil isolates from Iranian pistachio orchards.
Comparison of evapotranspiration estimates using the water balance and the eddy covariance methods

The eddy covariance method estimates the energy flux of latent heat for evapotranspiration. However, imbalance between the land surface energy output and input is a well‐known fact. Energy balance closure is most commonly not achieved, and therefore the eddy covariance method potentially underestimates actual evapotranspiration. Notwithstanding, the method is one of the most established measurement techniques for estimating evapotranspiration. Here, evapotranspiration from eddy covariance (ETEC) is cross‐checked with evapotranspiration calculated as the residual of the water balance (ETwb). The water balance closure using ETEC is simultaneously validated. Over a 6‐yr period, all major terms of the water balance are measured including precipitation, recharge from percolation lysimeters, and soil moisture content from a cosmic‐ray neutron sensor, a capacitance sensor network, and time domain reflectometry (TDR), respectively. In addition, we estimate their respective uncertainties. The study demonstrates that both monthly and yearly ETEC and ETwb compare well and that the water balance is closed when ETEC is used. Concurrently, incoming available energy (net radiation minus ground heat flux) on average exceeds the turbulent energy fluxes (latent heat flux and sensible heat flux) by 31%, exposing the energy–surface imbalance. Consequently, the imbalance in the energy balance using the eddy covariance method must, to a lesser degree, be caused by errors in the latent heat estimates but can mainly be attributed to errors in the other energy flux components.
A techno‐economic review of hydroprocessed renewable esters and fatty acids for jet fuel production

Jet fuels produced from sources other than petroleum are receiving considerable attention because they offer the potential to diversify energy supplies while mitigating the net environmental impacts of aviation. The hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) process is a commercially deployed technology that converts vegetable oils and animal fats from triglycerides into hydrocarbons suitable for use in diesel and jet fuels. The technical means of producing alternative fuels from renewable oils, and the resulting carbon intensity has been documented in previous work. However, the cost of production is not available in the literature. This work reviews HEFA fuel production, and estimates the gate price of fuel for several plant sizes and operating conditions. Aspen Plus was used to model biorefinery material and energy balances for unit operations and supporting utilities. A discounted‐cash‐flow‐rate‐of‐return (DCFROR) economic model was used for sensitivity analysis. The gate price was found to range between $1.00 L–1 for a 378 MML yr–1 HEFA facility, and $1.16 L–1 for a 116 MML yr–1 facility. Maximizing jet fuel production ranged between $0.07 and $0.08 L–1 due to increased hydrogen use and decreased diesel and jet fuel yield. While feedstock cost is the most significant portion of fuel cost, facility size, financing, and capacity utilization also influence production costs. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Case Study Analysis of Sustainability Reporting of an Agri-Food Giant

The purpose of this study was to contribute to the discussion of how large companies in the agri-food sector cope with the growing pressure to perform sustainably and how they disclose sustainability-related information to their stakeholders. To achieve this goal, we used the case study method. We analyzed Cargill’s specific approach to sustainability reporting, who is a company with a 150-year history and worldwide activities. We used reports from the year 2014 and 2018. The core of our analysis lies in the content analysis of the text using 39 corporate social responsibility (CSR) keywords (Cohen, 2010). The frequency of keywords related to the three aspects of CSR was measured to reveal the areas that the company considers most important and those upon which it draws the attention of users. To complement this analysis, we then investigated the linguistic features of Cargill’s sustainability reports, which employed the LIWC2015 program (LIWC–Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) and focused on four features of disclosure (analytical thinking, clout, authenticity, and emotional tone). The findings of our research confirmed that the dominant companies in the agri-food business have reacted to challenges of their social environment and changed their attitude to keep up with the current stage of social development. Sustainability reporting is elaborated and covers all aspects of the company’s activity in sufficient detail. This attitude developed continuously despite it not always being appreciated by Cargill’s stakeholders. The main limitation of our study lies in the method which did not allow even with the greatest effort to eliminate subjectivity. The other limitation relates to the specific features of the company and its position within the world economy and also to its long history, which determined the form and extent of reporting. However, our findings are indicative and inspiring for future research. Our results contribute to the debate concerning the form, content, and evolution of sustainability reporting. Moreover, our results can be used in practice by corporate management, when designing their marketing strategy, plans, and programs. We claim that the biggest challenge for big multinationals like Cargill in these days is to effectively protect the nature and respect the law in jurisdictions where there is traditionally low incentive to obey the rules because of poor regulations and many opportunities to misuse their dominant position.
A systematic review of factors associated with outcome of psychological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder

ABSTRACT Objective Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are not always effective and can leave some individuals with enduring symptoms. Little is known about factors that are associated with better or worse treatment outcome. Our objective was to address this gap. Method We undertook a systematic review following Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines. We included 126 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions for PTSD and examined factors that were associated with treatment outcome, in terms of severity of PTSD symptoms post-treatment, and recovery or remission. Results Associations were neither consistent nor strong. Two factors were associated with smaller reductions in severity of PTSD symptoms post-treatment: comorbid diagnosis of depression, and higher PTSD symptom severity at baseline assessment. Higher education, adherence to homework and experience of a more recent trauma were associated with better treatment outcome. Conclusion Identifying and understanding why certain factors are associated with treatment outcome is vital to determine which individuals are most likely to benefit from particular treatments and to develop more effective treatments in the future. There is an urgent need for consistent and standardized reporting of factors associated with treatment outcome in all clinical trials.