Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Misconception of Science Learning in Primary School Students

This study aims to identify misconceptions in science teaching primary school learners and the factors that influence in the Surakarta Islamic Ta'mirul Elementary School. Studies are qualitative research case study type. Subjects selected through a purposive sampling technique. The research data obtained through observation, documentation, interviews, and tests. Further analysis of the data was performed using flow analysis model. Based on the analysis and discussion, it can be obtained information that misconception occurs in all sub-concepts in science teaching materials. Percentage of misconceptions from the highest to the lowest in the motion of styles and influences in everyday life 74.8%, light and its relation to the sense of sight 74.3%, 66.7% and energy alternatives, sound and its relation to the senses of hearing 56.7%, the shape and function of the body in animals and plants 41.3%. This indicates that the misconception that occurs in science teaching fourth grade Surakarta Islamic Ta'mirul still relatively very high. The high student misconceptions in science teaching are derived from (a) the initial perception of students is wrong; (b) the teaching materials used; (c) models that are not contextual learning science.
Periodontal disease, tooth loss and daily life in older adults in South Australia: a longitudinal study

xv Declaration . xvii Acknowledgements . xviii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1: Background . 1 1.1.1: Periodontal disease . 1 1.1.2: Tooth loss . 2 1.1.3: Systemic illness, cognitive and functional status in geriatric dental research . 2 1.2: Purpose and significance of the study . 3 1.3: Thesis framework . 4 Chapter 2: Research Aims . 5 2.1: Aims . 5 2.2: Objectives and hypotheses . 5 2.3: Rationale . 6 2.4: Research questions . 6 Chapter 3: Literature Review . 7 3.1: Epidemiology of periodontal disease . 7 3.1.1: Periodontal disease . 7 3.1.2: Epidemiological studies of periodontal disease . 8 3.1.2.1: Case definition . 8 3.1.2.2: Study designs . 10 3.2: Tooth loss and the progression of periodontal disease . 12 3.2.1: Tooth loss . 12
High Sensitivity and Wide Dynamic Range Thermoresistive Micro Calorimetric Flow Sensor With CMOS MEMS Technology

In this paper, a thin film based Thermoresistive Micro Calorimetric Flow (TMCF) sensor by using a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.35~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 2P4M CMOS MEMS technology is designed, fabricated and tested. The developed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.6~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick thin film CMOS TMCF sensor shows a maximum normalized sensitivity of 103 mV/(m/s)/mW with respect to the input heating power and a wide dynamic flow range of 0 ~ 19.4 m/s. The high sensitivity and wide dynamic range achieved by our CMOS MEMS flow sensor enable its deployment as a promising sensing node for HVAC application in the smart energy-efficient building (EeB). Moreover, a new one-dimensional (1D) analytical sensor model that considers the three-dimensional (3D) heat loss via the end of the thin film is proposed. The new 1D model can successfully capture the thin film based TMCF sensor’s response, and its prediction results show a good agreement with the experimental study. Therefore, this new 1D model will be a useful design tool for the development of a high-performance TMCF sensor with a greatly reduced footprint.
Perfil epidemiológico e antropométrico de pacientesinternados em uma unidade de tratamento de queimadosem Brasília, Distrito Federal

A queimadura e um tipo de trauma caracterizado por alteracoesmetabolicas e imunologicas sistemicas. O paciente queimado e altamente suscetivel a desnutricao, devido a fatores como perda ponderal intensa e o balanco nitrogenado negativo. The burn injury is a kind of trauma characterized by metabolic and immunological alterations. The burned patient is highly susceptible to malnutrition due to factors such as severe weight loss and negative nitrogen balance.
Adequate Timing of Diagnostic CT-Scan in Colorectal Patients Suffering From Anastomotic Leakage Can Improve Survival

Introduction: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a feared complication of gastrointestinal surgery and has a high morbidity and mortality. Although several studies have investigated risk factors for AL and its diagnosis, little is known about treatment strategies for AL and the relationship between mortality and the time interval between the diagnosis of the AL and its treatment. The aims of this study were to gain insight into the influence of the time between diagnosis and treatment of AL and to investigate what interventions are used. Methods: Retrospective study of patients surgically treated for AL between January 2008 and December 2012 in our hospital in the Netherlands. Results: In total 2095 abdominal gastrointestinal surgeries were performed, 120 patients were included in our study (5.7%). Non-survivors were significantly older, had a higher CRP level on the day of reoperation, and had to wait longer for surgery after the diagnostic CT scan. A probit model described mortality risk as a function of age and time to corrective surgery. Conclusion: Older age and longer delay between diagnostic CT and surgery for AL were associated with an increased mortality. This emphasizes the fact that urgent corrective surgery is necessary to decrease AL mortality, especially in the older patient. We advise to standardize the treatment of AL; this prevents delay and increases chances of survival.
Self-reported mental health problems and performance in mathematics and reading in children across Europe

ABSTRACT The study examines the associations of specific self-reported internalizing and externalizing problems and performance in mathematics and reading in school-aged children across Europe. Data were drawn from 5,842 children between 6 and 13 years of age participating in the School Children Mental Health in Europe study and a large cross-sectional survey in France. Self-reported child mental health was assessed using the Dominic Interactive, academic performance was reported by teachers. Across Europe, controlling for key sociodemographic factors associated with achievement including maternal education, performance in mathematics was more often associated with the presence of externalizing and internalizing problems as compared to performance in reading. In addition, the findings point to significant sex differences in the associations of internalizing problems and academic achievement. Considering the impact of early academic difficulties in terms of later internalizing and externalizing problems and academic attainment, school-based interventions interrupting the cycle as early as possible are warranted.
Enhanced fuzzy tungsten growth in the presence of tungsten deposition

Using a magnetron sputtering device operating in helium, fibre-form ‘fuzz’ has been grown on tungsten samples in the presence of a significant auxiliary source of depositing tungsten. In this system, fuzzy tungsten was grown over a range of helium ion fluences, , sample temperatures and helium ion energies, but with operator control over the tungsten atom-to-helium ion arrival rate ratio at the sample (from 0.003 to 0.009). In the presence of tungsten deposition, it appears that the fuzz growth has two distinct stages: at low to intermediate helium ion fluence the fuzzy layer thickness follows the expected diffusive law augmented by approximately the ‘effective’ thin film thickness of deposited tungsten; at high fluences the fuzz thickness increases very steeply with . These observations are explained through the increase in the porosity of the fuzzy layer as it reaches thicknesses larger than ∼1 m. It was observed that during the second phase of fuzz growth the thickness was highly dependent on both the sample temperature and the tungsten atom-to-helium ion arrival rate ratio. For the same helium ion exposure, an increase in the sample temperature from 1050 to 1150 K lead to a six-fold increase in the fuzzy layer thickness, whilst increasing the tungsten atom-to-helium ion arrival rate ratio over the full range produced a two-fold increase in the thickness. Microscopy and electron diffraction studies of the grown structures show clearly helium bubbles within polycrystalline tendrils.
The (mis)match between sexuality education programs in school and the expectations of Ecuadorian adolescents

espanolConsiderando la relevancia de las voces de los adolescentes en el diseno e implementacion de los programas de educacion en sexualidad, el estudio actual explora las percepciones de los adolescentes sobre la educacion sexual actual que reciben en la escuela (SSE) y las percepciones sobre el profesionalismo de sus docentes con respecto a este tema (SEPT) en Ecuador. Mediante un procedimiento de muestreo por grupos estratificados en varias etapas se involucro a 702 adolescentes entre 11 y 19 anos de edad en el estudio. Las percepciones de los participantes de SSE y SEPT se evaluaron en base a una encuesta tipo Likert con 15 preguntas cerradas y 4 preguntas abiertas. Las respuestas se analizaron en relacion con su genero, estado migratorio de los padres, edad y ubicacion geografica. Los adolescentes expresaron un nivel alto de satisfaccion con la educacion sexual recibida en la escuela (SSE) y un nivel medio de satisfaccion con las competencias de sus maestros con respecto a la educacion sexual (SEPT). Los analisis de regresion logistica multinomial revelaron ligeras diferencias en relacion con las variables sociodemograficas. Las respuestas a las preguntas abiertas reflejaron la fuerte influencia de un enfoque biologico en la educacion en sexualidad. Dados los niveles de satisfaccion en SSE y SEPT, y los contrastes entre el enfoque biologico y el marco ecuatoriano general, los resultados tienen implicaciones claras para el diseno y la implementacion de futuros programas de educacion en sexualidad y la capacitacion de propuestas de maestros. EnglishConsidering the relevance of adolescents’ voices in the design and implementation of sexuality education programs, the current study explores adolescents’ perceptions of ongoing sexuality education they are receiving at school (SSE) and perceptions about their teachers’ professionalism towards this topic (SEPT) in Ecuador. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure was followed to involve 702 adolescents between 11 and 19 years old in the study. Participants perceptions of SSE and SEPT were assessed based on a Likert scale survey encompassing 15 closed and 4 open questions. Responses were analyzed in relation to their gender, parental migration status, age and geographical location. Adolescents expressed high satisfaction with sexuality education received at school (SSE) and were mildly satisfied about their teachers’ competences regarding sexuality education (SEPT). Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed slight differences in relation to the socio-demographic variables. Answers to open-ended questions reflected a strong influence of a biological approach on sexuality education. Given the satisfaction levels in SSE and SEPT, and the contrasts between the biological approach and the overarching Ecuadorian framework, the results have clear implications for the design and implementation of future sexuality education programs and training teacher proposals.
Performance modelling of fairness in IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN protocols

Wireless communication has become a key technology in the modern world, allowing network services to be delivered in almost any environment, without the need for potentially expensive and invasive fixed cable solutions. However, the level of performance experienced by wireless devices varies tremendously on location and time. Understanding the factors which can cause variability of service is therefore of clear practical and theoretical interest. In this thesis we explore the performance of the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless protocols, which have become the de facto standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The specific performance issue which is investigated is the unfairness which can arise due to the spatial position of nodes in the network. In this work we characterise unfairness in terms of the difference in performance (e.g. throughput) experienced by different pairs of communicating nodes within a network. Models are presented using the Markovian process algebra PEPA which depict different scenarios with three of the main protocols, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n. The analysis shows that performance is affected by the presence of other nodes (including in the well-known hidden node case), by the speed of data and the size of the frames being transmitted. The collection of models and analysis in this thesis collectively provides not only an insight into fairness in IEEE 802.11 networks, but it also represents a significant use case in modelling network protocols using PEPA. PEPA and other stochastic process algebra are extremely powerful tools for efficiently specifying models which might be very complex to study using conventional simulation approaches. Furthermore the tool support for PEPA facilitates the rapid solution of models to derive key metrics which enable the modeller to gain an understanding of the network behaviour across a wide range of operating conditions. From the results we can see that short frames promote a greater fairness due to the more frequent spaces between frames allowing other senders to transmit. An interesting consequence of these findings is the observation that varying frame length can play a role in addressing topological unfairness, which leads to the analysis of a novel model of IEEE 802.11g with variable frame lengths. While varying frame lengths might not always be practically possible, as frames need to be long enough for collisions to be detected, IEEE 802.11n supports a number of mechanisms for frame aggregation, where successive frames may be sent in series with little or no delay between them. We therefore present a novel model of IEEE 802.11n with frame aggregation to explore how this approach affects fairness and, potentially, can be used to address unfairness by allowing affected nodes to transmit longer frame bursts.
Projet Soldugri: Avancement de l'étude du renforcement des enrobés bitumeux par des grilles de verre

Le projet ANR SolDuGri, qui a deja fait l’objet d’un article dans la RGRA en 2017, a enregistre bon nombre d’avancees, notamment sur le comportement des grilles de verre lors de la mise en œuvre, leur collage, leur endommagement. Differents produits ont ete testes sur le manege de fatigue de l'Ifsttar a Nantes. Cette experimentation livre ses premiers resultats.
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars

Despite being the single largest cassava-producing country, yields in Nigeria remain consistently poor and among the lowest. Regionally, yields are also particularly low across Africa. Pests and pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes, play an important role in this current yield deficit. African countries are not only faced with the problem of food security but also that of nutritional deficiency, due to limited micronutrients in the diet. In this study, six biofortified cultivars were evaluated for their response to inoculation with approximately 30 000 root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) eggs in 30 l pots in Nigeria. All cassava cultivars proved highly susceptible to M. incognita infection after 6 months, with nematode reproduction factor ranging from 7.0 to 44.8. Galling was common on feeder roots and gall index scores were recorded between 4 to 5 (on a scale of 1-5 where 5 ⩽ 100 galls). Meloidogyne incognita infection significantly reduced plant height, stem girth, fresh plant mass, fresh storage root number and storage root weight. Percentage yield loss of between 41.8-88.4% was recorded in M. incognita-infected plants compared with non-infected controls. Although M. incognita reduced storage root weight, it did not necessarily affect the nutritional quality (total carotenoid) or dry weight percentage of the biofortified cassava cultivars. Total carotenoid and dry weight contents of the control cultivar were similar to some of the biofortified cultivars. The high susceptibility of the biofortified cassava cultivars to M. incognita infection indicates that substantial yield losses are likely being experienced by farmers, as this nematode pest is prevalent across sub-Saharan Africa and the tropics.
Developing locally relevant applications for rural South Africa : a telemedicine example

Within developing countries, there is a digital divide between rural and urban areas. In order to overcome this division, we need to provide locally relevant Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services to these areas. Traditional software development methodologies are not suitable for developing software for rural and underserviced areas because they cannot take into account the unique requirements and complexities of such areas. We set out to find the most appropriate way to engineer suitable software applications for rural communities. We developed a methodological framework for creating software applications for a rural community. We critically examined the restrictions that current South African telecommunications legislation places on software development for underserviced areas. Our socially aware computing framework for creating software applications uses principles from Action Research and Participatory Design as well as best practice guidelines; it helps us address all issues affecting the project success. The validity of our framework was demonstrated by using it to create Multi-modal Telemedicine Intercommunicator (MuTI). MuTI is a prototype system for remote health consultation for a rural community. It allowed for synchronous and asynchronous communications between a clinic in one village and a hospital in the neighbouring village, nearly 20 kilometers away, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It used Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) combined with a store and forward approach for communication. MuTI was tested over a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) network for several months. Our socially aware framework proved to be appropriate for developing locally relevant applications for rural areas in South Africa. We found that MuTI was an improvement on the previous telemedicine solution in the target community. Using the approach also led to several insights into best practice for ICT development projects. We also found that VoIP and WiFi are relevant technologies for rural regions and that further telecommunication liberalisation in South Africa is required in order to spur technological developments in rural and underserviced areas.
Understanding human health risks caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in water environments: Current knowledge and questions to be answered

Abstract Aquatic environments are identified as an ideal setting for acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, and human exposure to antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments may pose an additional health risk. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) has been suggested as a suitable method to evaluate and quantify this health risk. However, information about the exposure to ARB and ARGs in aquatic environments is lacking for many scenarios and dose-response models regarding the ARB infections are not developed yet. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the ARB and ARGs in aquatic environments and highlights the challenging questions remaining to be answered to better forecast the health risks caused by ARB and ARGs in water environments. The questions include what are the missing information needed to quantify the human health risks caused by exposing to ARB and ARGs in aquatic environments? what are the suitable markers to evaluate the ARB/ARGs contamination in aquatic environments? how frequently do the ARG selection and propagation occur in aquatic environments? and are there any unknown hot spots? Studies on the above topics will contribute to better management of antibiotic resistance dissemination in water environments and its risks on human health. Abbreviations3GC 3rd generation cephalosporinsARB Antibiotic resistant bacteriaARG Antibiotic resistance geneCFU Colony forming unitDBP Disinfection by-productseDNA Extracellular DNAEPS Extracellular polymeric substancesHGT Horizontal gene transferISCR Insertion sequence common regionMAR Multiple antibiotic resistantMIC Minimum inhibitory concentrationMGE Mobile genetic elementsMSW Municipal solid wasteQMRA Quantitative microbial risk assessmentVBNC Viable but non-culturableWWTP Wastewater treatment plant Graphical Abstract
Teaching patient handoffs in the ambulatory setting: A comparison of three instructional methods

ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . vii LIST OF FIGURES . viii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION . 1 Background . 1 Purpose of Study . 5 Definition of Terms.8 Delimitations . 9 Assumptions and Limitations . 9 Significance of the Study . 9 Researcher’s Perspective . 10 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW . 12 Patient Handoffs.12 Patient Handoffs and Patient Safety . 13 Collaboration in Patient Handoffs. 14 Communication in Patient Handoffs . 15 Patient Handoff Mnemonics . 16 Patient Handoff Education . 19 Patient Handoff Education and Patient Outcomes . 20 Teaching Collaboration in Patient Handoffs.20 Teaching through Experiential Learning . 21 Simulation-based Medical Education . 21 Teaching Patient Handoffs through Simulation . 23 Students Perceptions of Simulated Patient Handoff Education . 23 Patient Handoff Education in the Ambulatory Setting . 24 Challenges . 25 Conclusion . 25 CHAPTER III: METHODS . 27 Research Design and Rationale . 27 Participants . 31 Simulated Patient Handoff Setting.33 Interventions . 33 Measurement Instruments . 36
Putative TetR family transcriptional regulator Rv1019 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an auto-repressor and a negative regulator of mfd-mazG operon

Regulation of gene expression at the level of transcription is one of the ways living organisms differentially make proteins in their cells. Intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis persists in the host for years in a latent state in structures called granuloma. Rv1019, a member of an uncharacterized TetR family of transcriptional regulators of Mtb H37Rv, was found to be differentially expressed during dormancy and reactivation in vitro. By GFP reporter assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immuno-precipitation assays we showed that this protein binds to its own promoter and acts as a negative regulator of its own expression. It forms dimers in vitro which is essential for the DNA binding activity, which is abrogated in the presence of tetracycline. We show that Rv1019 and downstream genes Rv1020 (mfd), Rv1021 (mazG) are co-transcribed. Constitutive expression of Rv1019 in M. smegmatis downregulated MSMEG_5423 (mfd) and MSMEG_5422 (mazG) suggesting that Rv1019 negatively regulates these downstream genes. M. smegmatis expressing Rv1019 was found to be sensitive to UV and H2O2 compared to the control suggesting its role in regulating DNA damage response in mycobacterium. Importance One of the reasons for our inability to eradicate tuberculosis, in spite of the availability of effective drugs and BCG vaccine, is the ingenuity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to survive, persist and multiply inside the lungs where it employs clever strategies to counter the host defence systems. The number of anti-TB drugs in the current therapeutic regimen is limited, and the long duration of treatment increases the chances for emergence of drug resistant bacteria. Rv1019, a transcriptional regulator differentially expressed in in vitro dormancy-reactivation studies, was found to be an auto-repressor and negatively regulating mfd-mazG operon involved in DNA repair. As Rv1019 is a regulator of critical pathways in bacterial persistence, it could be a prospective target for prophylactic intervention.