Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THYMUS-DEPENDENT AREAS IN THE LYMPHOID ORGANS OF NEONATALLY THYMECTOMIZED MICE

Specific areas of lymphocyte depletion, termed thymus-dependent areas, have been delineated in neonatally thymectomized C3H/Bi and F1 (C57BL x C3H/Bi) mice. They occur within the lymphoid follicles of the spleen immediately surrounding the central arterioles, and constitute the mid and deep cortical zones of the lymph nodes. These depleted areas appear in healthy thymectomized mice as early as 3 wk after operation but, in mice which survive for more than 6 to 7 wk, the thymus-dependent areas are repopulated by rapidly dividing pyroninophilic cells, the majority of which are immature plasma cells. Syngeneic thymus cells, labeled in vitro with tritiated adenosine localize preferentially in the thymus-dependent areas after intravenous injection. Similarly labeled spleen cells also accumulate in these areas but, in addition, are distributed at the periphery of splenic follicles and in the outer cortical zone of the lymph nodes. Many more spleen than thymus cells enter the lymphoid tissues and the spleen appears to be the primary target. The apparent paradox that syngeneic thymus cells are less efficient than spleen cells in restoring neonatally thymectomized mice to normality is discussed in the light of these results and possible routes by which the migrating cells could enter the lymphoid tissues are considered. The origin of the plasma cells which repopulate the lymphocyte depleted areas is also discussed. It is concluded that the normal thymus produces cells which contribute directly to the migratory or circulatory lymphocyte population but that there also exists another source of supply for the plasma cell series. These two systems may function synergistically so that the thymus may control, directly or indirectly, the balance of cell populations within the body.
Impact of sustained drought on a semi-arid Colophospermum mopane savanna

Abstract Vegetation change on different substrate types was measured over 15 years in semi‐arid Mopani Veld. Baseline data were collected in the terminal year (1982) of a decade of above‐average rainfall, whilst the period of monitoring was characterised by below‐average rainfall, with severe drought years occurring in 1988/1989 and 1991/1992. Grazing pressure was, on average, alleviated over the period of recording so that changes reflect primarily the effect of rainfall. Long‐lived perennial grasses had declined markedly, annual and micro‐perennial grasses had increased markedly, and the proportion of forbs had increased. Despite 7–17 years since the replacement of livestock grazing with wildlife at lower stocking rates, there was no evidence of an improvement in sward or soil condition, owing ostensibly to the effect of drought. The extent of change in botanical composition and in sward condition was influenced by substrate type. The rate of growth of the woody component had been slow: the average per .
Factors Affecting High School Students' Decision on Choosing University: Case Study of Ho Chi Minh City

In the past two years and especially in 2019, the enrolment of universities had encountered many difficulties, most of them cannot implement their own enrolment plan. This affecting the operation of the universities in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). Therefore, the main objective of this article is to find out factors affecting high school students' decision on choosing universities in HCMC. The researchers surveyed 500 students who are studying at high schools in HCMC. The researchers applied simple random sampling technique. The researchers had tested Cronbach's Alpha, the exploratory factor analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The article had used questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale. Finally, there were five key factors affecting high school students' decision on choosing universities in Ho Chi Minh City with significance level 0.01.
The Effect of Peer Feedback on EFL Learners’ Classroom Anxiety

Received 17 December 2019 Accepted 09 April 2020 Abstract English is learned as a foreign language (EFL) in Iran, but because of the limited opportunities to practice or use it in an everyday life environment, it is not easy to make any distinguishable improvement unless the learners are very interested and active ones. When learning in this kind of EFL environment, students are very likely to experience a certain level of language anxiety, which have some damaging effect on language learning acquisition (Chen & Chang, 2004). As such studies about learners’ language anxiety are very important not only in improving learners’ language proficiency, but also in achieving a targeted syllabus objective or a particular teaching goal. This study aimed to explore the effect of peer feedback on the learners’ classroom anxiety specifically focused on speaking ability. To this end, having administered a test of homogeneity among 70 upper-intermediate EFL male students, the researchers finally selected 50 students who were at the same level of English proficiency and were assigned to two groupsthe experimental and the control groupeach consisting of 25 participants. For collecting the required data, one homogenizing test, one questionnaire, a semi-structured interview and an opinion test were employed in the study. Having done analysis, the results revealed that peer feedback as a technique, has a significant effect on reducing students’ anxiety. The qualitative data from the interview also revealed that the students took benefits from the peer feedback process and enjoyed the course.
A microscopical study of a marine species of Codosiga James‐Clark (Choanoflagellata) with special reference to the ingestion of bacteria

Cells of Codosiga gracilis (Kent) de Saedeleer were grown in culture with two strains of bacteria and observed over a period of almost two years. Throughout the growth cycle, cell form varied with rounded motile individuals predominating during the first three days after subculture and stalked cells predominating in older cultures. Electron microscopy of sections revealed the presence of at least two flagellar bases and an elaborate microtubular system associated with the base of the single emergent flagellum. Capture and ingestion of bacteria has been observed using light microscopy, and electron microscopy of sections has demonstrated the relationship between the engulfing pseudopodium and adjacent collar tentacles.
Comparison of Two Sampling Methods for Estimating the Abundance and Distribution of Mysis relicta

Vertical net hauls taken at night yielded a population estimate for Mysis relicta of 5 300 000 ± 1 060 000 (P ≤ 0.05) while quadrat counts done by SCUBA divers in the daytime fixed the population size at 1 100 000 ± 170 000. Observations by divers suggested that the behavior and distribution of Mysis during the day resulted in an underestimate of their abundance by the quadrat method. Net hauls showed that at night mysids migrated both vertically to the base of the epilimnion and horizontally within the metalimnion. A vertical tow rate of m∙s−1 used for the nighttime population estimates lay within the optimum sampling speed of the net. Repeated sampling at a single station had little or no effect on catch totals for up to nine consecutive hauls. Beyond this number some local depletion was noted. A modified vertical tow net which sampled on descent then closed once contact was made with the substrate performed no better than a standard net except when the shallowest stations were sampled repeatedly. Temp.
STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF FEVER

Injection of extracts or suspensions of various rabbit tissues was found to be without effect upon the body temperature of normal rabbits. Occasionally, extracts of bone marrow produced transient fever, and saline extracts of acute inflammatory lesions of the Shwartzman and Arthus types were found to produce fever when injected intravenously. Suspensions or extracts of polymorphonuclear leukocytes collected from sterile peritoneal exudates contain a heat-labile substance which produced fever whereas those of erythrocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes failed to do so. The cell-free supernatant fluid of sterile peritoneal exudates obtained at the stage when polymorphonuclear leukocytes predominate also proved capable of producing fever.
Security-Aware Virtual Network Embedding Algorithm Based on Reinforcement Learning

Virtual network embedding (VNE) algorithm is always the key problem in network virtualization (NV) technology. At present, the research in this field still has the following problems. The traditional way to solve VNE problem is to use heuristic algorithm. However, this method relies on manual embedding rules, which does not accord with the actual situation of VNE. In addition, as the use of intelligent learning algorithm to solve the problem of VNE has become a trend, this method is gradually outdated. At the same time, there are some security problems in VNE. However, there is no intelligent algorithm to solve the security problem of VNE. For this reason, this paper proposes a security-aware VNE algorithm based on reinforcement learning (RL). In the training phase, we use a policy network as a learning agent and take the extracted attributes of the substrate nodes to form a feature matrix as input. The learning agent is trained in this environment to get the mapping probability of each substrate node. In the test phase, we map nodes according to the mapping probability and use the breadth-first strategy (BFS) to map links. For the security problem, we add security requirements level constraint for each virtual node and security level constraint for each substrate node. Virtual nodes can only be embedded on substrate nodes that are not lower than the level of security requirements. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to other typical algorithms in terms of long-term average return, long-term revenue consumption ratio and virtual network request (VNR) acceptance rate.
The importance of laboratory medicine in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: a challenge for patients, pediatricians, obstetricians, and clinical pathologists

The dramatic and rapid widespread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is causing millions of infected subjects and thousand of deaths worldwide. The current global goal is to mitigate or suppress the burden of COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to adopt effective targeted therapies. Laboratory tests include molecular diagnostics and viral antigens recognition for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 in human biological materials, serologic methods for detecting serum antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and routine blood and urine tests. Many molecular tests, mainly based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), have been developed after the publication of the SARS-CoV-2 full-length genome sequence; several factors may affect their accuracy, including inadequate sample collection, thermal inactivation, viral load, and cross-reactivity. In-vitro diagnostic (IVD) companies have developed serologic methods optimized on high throughput analytical platforms; however very few methods currently detect IgM and the accurate quantitative measurement of antibodies are not still ready. Sensitivity and specificity require robust validation; point of care (POC) lateral flow immunochromatographic assays are far to be highly sensitive and specific and data obtained by these methods should be evaluated with caution. The effectiveness of serologic tests depends on the appropriateness of test request too. Routine biochemical data in adults with COVID-19 reveal alterations of various tests, including lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and serum elevation of several biomarkers, including D-dimer, ferritin, C-reative protein (CRP), cytokines. Cardiac troponins and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) are predictors of adverse outcome and death. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been not yet demonstrated exhaustively. Regrettably, in pregnant women, newborns and children with COVID-19, very limited and confusing data hamper a definitive conclusion on the value of routine laboratory tests. Emerging opportunities arise from the introduction of microbiomics, metabolomics, and pharmacometabolomics for improving patient’s care and outcome.
Growth profile of Penicillium chermesinum Biourge in function of total petroleum hydrocarbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds in oily sludge

Oily sludge is categorized as one of the hazardous wastes that needs to be remediated in order to convert it into a non-toxic compound. Bioremediation involves microorganisms, such as fungi. In the present study, the indigenous oily sludge fungi, Penicillium chermesinum was used to assess the bioremediation. The aim of this study was to obtain the growth profile of Penicillium chermesinum Biourge in reducing the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds in oily sludge. A descriptive method was applied in this study that consists of the preparation stage and the biodegradation stage of oily sludge. Biodegradation process was performed by using the Solid State Fermentation methods during 15 days with the addition of 10% of fungi inoculum from the total of fermentation medium (100 g). The observed parameters are the TPH, PAH content, and fungi growth profile that were measured using the Gravimetric, GC/MS and TPC analysis. Our results showed that the TPH content was reduced 29.16% from the control. We identified two degraded PAH compounds, namely Azulene (C10) and Fluoranthene (C16).
Variation of the Flavour and Extractives of European Oak Wood from Two French Forests

Wood from 20 trees from each of two French forests was heat treated and then stored in a 63% ethanol solution. After 6 months the concentrations of lignin degradation products, oak lactones, ellagic and gallic acids in the solutions were measured. The solutions were also assessed for flavour. Analyses of variance and principal component analyses found significant differences between the two forests in both the chemical composition of the solutions and in flavour assessments. Additional trials confirmed that the duration of heating influenced both chemical and flavour characters, but indicated that the effects may vary, depending upon wood properties and origin of the wood.
GGE-BIPLOT ANALYSIS FOR GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS IN SOME QUALITY TRAITS OF SILAGE MAIZE GENOTYPES

Silage maize quality is crucial for yield parameter. However, there is little unknown regarding to GGE-biplot analysis for Genotype-Environment Interactions. For this purpose, experiments were conducted in 6 different environments in randomized blocks design with 3 replications. Effects of genotypes, environments and genotype x environment interactions (GEI) on dry hay yield (DHY) and 8 other quality traits of dry hay [crude protein content (CPC), crude protein yield (CPY), crude ash content (CAC), relative feed value (RFV), dry matter digestibility (DMD), dry matter intake (DMI), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF)] of 25 silage maize genotypes were investigated. GGE-biplot analysis was used for GEI analysis of 9 traits. Biplot graph axes of the traits were able to explain the least 40.08% of the total variation in CPC and the most 69.6% of the total variation in DHY. It was observed through assessing all traits together that the genotypes of SAFAK and BURAK were placed in ideal genotype section and the genotypes of WAYNE and 30B74 were placed in the stable portion of desirable genotype section for DHY, which is the most significant quality trait in silage maize culture. Besides them, the genotypes, SEME KUKURUZA 877, SEME KUKURUZA 873, DKC 6589 and DKC 7211 were identified as stable genotypes. Furthermore, the genotype 6 was identified as a stable genotype with the best adaptation for ADF, NDF and DMD, the genotype BURAK for crude ash content, the genotype ADV 2898 for crude protein content, the genotype SAFAK for crude protein yield and the genotypes DKC 6590 and DIAN for RFV.
Aplicação de nitrogênio e inoculação com rizóbio em feijoeiro cultivado após milho consorciado com braquiária

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) doses and Rhizobium tropici inoculation on common bean grown under no-tillage system, after second-crop winter corn intercropped with Urochloa brizantha (Syn. Brachiaria bryzantha) or Urochloa ruziziensis (Syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis). Two experiments were performed during two agricultural years, on a dystroferric Haplorthox. A randomized block design was used in split plots, with four replicates. The plots were constituted of absence or presence of seed inoculation with R. tropici, and the subplots were constituted of four N doses (0, 35, 70, and 140 kg ha-1). Evaluations were made for the number of nodules per plant, nodule dry matter, N-leaf content, shoot dry matter, shoot-accumulated N, number of pods per plant, and grain yield. The evaluated variables were not affected by seed inoculation with R. tropici. Increasing doses of N fertilization decreased nodulation, and increased dry matter yield, N content and N accumulation of common bean aerial parts. Common bean grain yield was little influenced by N fertilization.
Movement Ecology and Seasonal Distribution of Mountain Yellow-Legged Frogs, Rana muscosa, in a High-Elevation Sierra Nevada Basin

Abstract Movement ecology and seasonal distribution of mountain yellow-legged frogs (Rana muscosa) in Dusy Basin (3470 m), Kings Canyon National Park, California, were characterized using passive integrated transponder (PIT) surveys and visual encounter surveys. We individually PIT-tagged 500 frogs during the summers of 1997 and 1998 and monitored these individuals during seven recapture surveys in 1997 and 15 recapture surveys in 1998 from the time they emerged from overwintering in July until the lakes froze for the winter in October. Probability of movement between lakes was associated with abundance of Hyla regilla larvae in the different lakes of origin, activity of the frogs (overwintering, breeding, feeding), and time of year. Overland movements exceeding 66 m were observed in 17% of the tagged frogs. Movement between lakes 1 km apart was detected. Site fidelity from 1997 to 1998 was high, and 97% of the tagged frogs recaptured in October of both years were found in the same overwintering lakes. Frogs were more narrowly distributed in spring and fall than in summer. Summer frog densities (number per meter of shoreline) were positively related to water temperature, air temperature, maximum lake depth, and presence of H. regilla larvae and negatively related to presence of trout. Mountain yellow-legged frogs use a range of aquatic sites throughout their activity period, and basins with a variety of deep lakes and shallow ponds may be the most appropriate reserves for this declining species.
Industry demand for Analytics: a longitudinal Study

Data analytics has become an important part of companies in industry, leading to an increase in the demand for analytics experts. Data analytics is also a central aspect of trends such as “Big Data”, “Data Science”, “Artificial Intelligence”. As such, for potential analytics professionals to have relevant job skills, educational institutions need to have an up-to-date picture of the demanded job skills. We studied the recent past to better anticipate future developments of analytics job skills through a study based on text mining using job advertisements from 2014 and 2019 summing up to a total of 17,282 advertisements. We investigated how these trends evolved by looking at meaning of words us-ing associated words as well as topics obtained from topic modeling. Our longitudinal study reveals a shift in prevalence and meaning of analytics trends in the industry. It shows a small shift from business oriented job skills towards analytical and technical ones. This finding is accompanied by increasing popularity of “Big Data”, in contrast with the reduced popularity of “Business Intelligence”. Additionally, we observed how “Machine Learning” is becoming more strongly associated with the field of data science itself.
Carotenoid and retinol concentrations in serum adipose tissue and liver and carotenoid transport in sheep goats and cattle

Carotenoid and retinol concentrations were determined in various tissues of sheep, goats and cattle, ruminants known to have widely different levels of pigmentation of their adipose tissues. An objective assessment of fat colour confirmed the whiteness of sheep and goat fat compared with that of cattle. No G-carotene was detected in the serum or fat of sheep and goats, but it was the predominant carotenoid present in the serum and fat of cattle. The major pigment present in serum and fat of sheep and goat was lutein, although its concentration was only 5-10% of that found in cattle. G-carotene was present in the liver of all three species with the highest concentration in cattle. Although lutein was the only carotenoid found in the serum and fat of sheep and goats, it could not be detected in their livers. The concentrations of retinol in serum and fat were similar for each species, but the liver of sheep had about three times the retinol concentration of the liver of goats and cattle. The transport of carotenoids in plasma was investigated. In sheep and goats, the pigments were associated mainly with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), whereas in cattle, high density lipoprotein (HDL) was the major lipoprotein fraction involved.
Habitat structure is more important than vegetation composition for local‐level management of native terrestrial reptile and small mammal species living in urban remnants: A case study from Brisbane, Australia

Abstract As urban areas continue to expand and replace natural and agricultural landscapes, the ability to manage and conserve native wildlife within urban environments is becoming increasingly important. To do so we first need to understand species' responses to local‐level habitat attributes in order to inform the decision‐making process and on‐ground conservation actions. Patterns in the occurrence of native terrestrial reptile and small mammal species in 59 sites located in remnant urban habitat fragments of Brisbane City were assessed against local‐level environmental characteristics of each site. Cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling ordination, and principal axis correlation were used to investigate relationships between species' occurrences and environmental characteristics. Native reptiles were most strongly associated with the presence of termite mounds, a high amount of fallen woody material, and a moderate amount of weed cover. Native small mammals were most strongly associated with the presence of grass trees (Xanthorrhoea spp.), and both reptiles and small mammals were negatively influenced by increased soil compaction. Significant floristic characteristics were considered to be important as structural, rather than compositional, habitat elements. Therefore, habitat structure, rather than vegetation composition, appears to be most important for determining native, terrestrial reptile and small mammal species assemblages in urban forest fragments. We discuss the management implications in relation to human disturbances and local‐level management of urban remnants.
Complications and renal biopsy profile in childhood steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin <2.5g/dl), hyperlipidemia (serum cholesterol >200mg/dl) and edema. It affects 1-3 per 1,00,000 children <16 years of age. They are classified as steroid sensitive or resistant based on their response to steroids after 4 weeks of therapy.10-20% do not have proteinuria resolution after 4 weeks of daily steroids and are grouped as steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome.