Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DAPT Duration After DES

SEE PAGE 1092 T he worldwide implantation of intracoronary drug-eluting stents (DES) continues to increase, with more than 5 million such interventions expected by 2018. Despite widespread use, the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), defined as the combination of a platelet P2Y12 inhibitor and aspirin, remains unclear. The need for antiplatelet therapy post-DES implantation is predicated on mitigating risk for thrombotic events, which is highest in the first weeks to months after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Not surprisingly, early cessation of DAPT has emerged as a strong, consistent, and independent risk factor for stent thrombosis (ST) (1,2). The potential for a systemic benefit of DAPT that extends beyond the local stented segment to the remaining coronary vasculature, coupled with concerns for late ST with early generation DES, provide a pathobiological rationale for longer (>1 year) DAPT durations. The unavoidable corollary to extending the duration of antiplatelet therapy is increased bleeding, a complication that may have a more durable impact on long-term risk than recurrent thrombosis (3). Indeed, bleeding concerns—in concert with the improved biocompatibility and clinical safety of second-generation DES—have led to clinical equipoise on the optimal DAPT
Exploring structural stability of old blockwork breakwaters

Many old coastal harbours in the UK are protected by blockwork breakwaters, but the original streams of income for maintaining or refurbishing these structures have largely diminished. Foundation settlement, loss of mortar, missing blocks, and voiding behind walls or under decks all tend to destabilise these breakwaters, and have in some cases led to localised or complete failures. Those who manage these assets may benefit from an answer to the question: what happens if they fall down? This paper presents results from an exploratory study of these structures’ strength, stability, collapse mechanisms, and collapsed form. Construction details and dimensions are extracted from historical documents and an analytical spreadsheet model is used to guide the design of physical model tests in the flume. These tests show sensible collapse mechanisms, despite challenges of scale and model effects. Profile measurements are plotted over the test series, showing the progression of front and rear wall failure, and the collapsed crest level. The companion paper by Allsop et al (2017) presents and discusses the residual wave protection offered by these failed breakwaters.
OP-GBEV160289 3815..3821

Yeast species are extremely diverse and not monophyletic. Because the majority of yeast research focuses on ascomycetes, the mutational determinants of genetic diversity across yeast species are not well understood. By combining mutation-accumulation techniques with whole-genome sequencing, we resolved the genomic mutation rate and spectrum of the oleaginous (oil-producing) ‘red yeast’ Rhodotorula toruloides, the first such study in the fungal phylum Basidiomycota. We find that the mutation spectrum is quite different from what has been observed in all other studied unicellular eukaryotes, but similar to that in most bacteria—a predominance of transitions relative to transversions. Rhodotorula toruloides has a significantly higher A:T! G:C transition rate— possibly elevated by the abundant flanking G/C nucleotides in the GC-rich genome, as well as a much lower G:C! T:A transversion rate. In spite of these striking differences, there are substantial consistencies between R. toruloides and the ascomycete model yeasts: a spontaneous base-substitution mutation rate of 1.90 10 10 per site per cell division as well as an elevated mutation rate at nonmethylated 5’CpG3’ sites. These results imply the evolution of variable mutation spectra in the face of similar mutation rates in yeasts.
HIV_A_261420 687..695

1Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Tigray, Ethiopia; 2Tigray Health Research Institute, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia; 3Department of Epidemiology, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia Background: Option B plus antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an approach used to eliminate new Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) infections among infants. Considering the high adherence on Option B plus ART in HIV positive mothers is a crucial part in preventing mother-to-child transmission HIV. Therefore, this study was performed to assess the status of adherence and factors related to Option B plus ART. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in Eastern zone of Tigrai Region from January to February 2017. Data were collected by using pre-tested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire from 350 participants selected using simple random sampling. Descriptive and binary logistic regression was done during analysis. Results: The overall good adherence status of Option B plus ART among pregnant and lactating mothers was 67.3% [62.3–72.3%]. Attending formal education (AOR=2.78, 95% CI 1.52–5.07), traveling for <1 hour to reach health facility (AOR=2.03, 95% CI 1.19–3.44), (CD4) count <350 cells/mm3 (AOR=2.3, 95% CI 1.33–3.95), starting their Option B plus during pregnancy (AOR= 2.08, 95% CI 1.08–3.97), taking one pill per day (AOR=2.12, 95% CI 1.25–3.58), using a clock as a reminder (AOR=2.51, 95% CI 1.3–4.86), and having good male involvement (AOR=2.91, 95% CI 1.64–5.16) were associated with good level of adherence for Option B plus ART treatment. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the level of good adherence is low compared with the national target. Therefore, addressing the low adherence of Option B plus ART requires a policy response, such as efforts to enhance male partner involvement and better service accessibility in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program. Moreover, health care providers and policymakers need to maximaze their efforts on HIV positive pregnant and lactating mothers using a clock as a reminder.
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Review Steroid 5-a-Reductase Type 2 (SRD5a2) Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A HuGE Review

Steroid 5-a-reductase type 2 (SRD5a2) is a critical enzyme in androgen metabolism. Two polymorphisms in the SRD5a2 gene, V89L (rs523349) and A49T (rs9282858), have been studied for associations with prostate cancer risk, with conflicting results. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (1997–2007) to examine these associations and compared the results with findings from genome-wide association studies of prostate cancer. The meta-analysis included 24 case-control studies (10,088 cases and 10,120 controls for V89L and 4,998 cases and 5,451 controls for A49T ). The authors found that prostate cancer was not associated with V89L (L allele vs. V allele: odds ratio 1⁄4 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.94, 1.05) and was probably not associated with A49T (T allele vs. A allele: odds ratio 1⁄4 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.86, 1.40). These results could have been distorted by spectrum-of-disease bias, convenience sampling of cases and controls, genotype misclassification, and/or confounding. Neither V89L nor A49T was included in microarray chips used for published genome-wide association studies. Analysis of well-designed population-based studies with pathwaybased arrays containing common genetic variants could be useful for identifying genetic factors in prostate cancer.
Bone mineral density loss in clinically suspect arthralgia is associated with subclinical inflammati

To cite this article: L Mangnus, HW van Steenbergen, M Reijnierse, J Kälvesten & AHM van der Helm-Van Mil (2017) Bone mineral density loss in clinically suspect arthralgia is associated with subclinical inflammation and progression to clinical arthritis, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 46:5, 364-368, DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2017. 1299217 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/03009742.2017. 1299217
Abnormal Deletions in the T-Cell Receptor 8 Locus of Mouse Thymocytes

Separate genetic elements (V, D, and J) encode the variable regions of lymphocyte antigen receptors. During early lymphocyte differentiation, these elements rearrange to form contiguous coding segments (VJ and VDJ) for a diverse array of variable regions. Rearrangement is mediated by a recombinase that recognizes short DNA sequences (signals) flanking V, D, and J elements. Signals flank both the 5' and 3' sides of each D element, thereby allowing assembly of a functional VDJ gene. However, in rearrangements involving the D82 and J81 elements of the mouse T-cell receptor 8 (TCR 8) locus, we unexpectedly found that the D82 element and a portion of its 5' signal are often deleted. Approximately 50%o of recovered D82 to J81 rearrangements from thymocytes of adult wild-type mice showed such deletions. An additional 20%o of the rearrangements contained standard D82-J81 coding junctions but showed some loss of nucleotides from the 5' D82 signal. This loss was clearly associated with another event involving a site-specific cleavage at the 5' signal/coding border of D82 and rejoining of the modified signal and coding ends. The abnormal loss of D82 and a portion of the 5' D82 signal was infrequently observed in D82-to-J81 rearrangements recovered from neonatal mice. The possible basis and significance of this age-dependent phenomenon are discussed.
EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF PROTEIN ULTRAFILTRATION TEST RESULTS: DEAD- END STIRRED CELL COMPARED WITH A CROSSFLOW SYSTEM

Dead-end stirred cell devices are commonly used in laboratories to characterise ultrafiltration membranes and their separation behaviour. Additionally, protein separation data from such systems are used for process scale-up. Such devices are operated under conditions that are inherently different from those used during the continuous or semi-continuous processing of industrial feed streams. The work presented in this paper compares the rejection behaviour of single protein solutions in both a dead-end stirred cell (SC) device with that for a crossflow system (CF). The effect of ionic strength (20 mM and 100 mM) and solution pH (4.9, 6.0, 7.1, 8.4 and 11.0) on protein filtration (bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYZ) from buffered aqueous solutions) behaviour has been investigated using polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with a manufacturer specified molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 50 kDa. PES membranes were characterised in terms of dextran MWCO using both the SC and the CF systems. The mode of operation resulted in significant observed differences in the resulting dextran solute rejection curves for the two systems. The observed rejection (Robs) values for a series of dextran standards were consistently found to be lower for the CF system compared with the SC unit suggesting higher wall concentrations (Cw) due to concentration polarisation effects in the CF unit. Protein ultrafiltration studies with the 50 kDa PES membranes highlighted important differences in observed protein rejection behaviour despite operation of the two systems at the same transmembrane pressures (25 kPa). Solution pH was found to have little effect on the rejection of both BSA and LYZ. The solute rejection was found to be more sensitive to ionic strength effects for the SC device both during BSA and LYZ filtration. Convective mass transfer coefficients and hence the true rejection coefficients (Rtr) were calculated for both systems using the stagnant film model to understand the influence of hydrodynamic effects on the ultrafiltration behaviour of the two systems. The magnitude of the Peclet number (Pe) provides a means of comparing hydrodynamic conditions for the two systems and thereby allows differences in observed solute rejection to be better understood.
Summary Increased levels of the Drosophila Abelson tyrosine kinase in nerves and muscles : subcellular localization and mutant phenotypes imply a role in cell-cell interactions

Cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) were first identified as the transforming proteins of several acutely oncogenic retroviruses (Collett and Erikson, 1978; Hunter and Sefton, 1980; Witte et al., 1980). One of these, the Abelson tyrosine kinase, is the transforming protein of the Abelson murine leukemia virus in mice and the Philadelphia chromosome in humans (Witte, 1986). Although much is known about the oncogenic activation of the Abelson kinases (reviewed by Daley and Ben-Neriah, 1991), little is known about the biochemical pathways through which the transforming forms of the Abelson kinase lead to neoplastic transformation. Similarly, little is known about the functions of the non-oncogenic, cellular forms of PTKs that are expressed in diverse tissues at many times during development, and have been implicated in normal cellular and developmental processes (Adamson, 1987; Hanley, 1988). To gain a better understanding of the functions of Abelsonlike PTKs in development, we have undertaken a developmental genetic and molecular study of the Abelson tyrosine kinase gene (abl) in Drosophila melanogaster (Henkemeyer et al., 1987, 1988, 1990; Gertler et al., 1989, 1990; Holland et al., 1990; Hoffmann, 1991). The Drosophila and mammalian abl proteins are well conserved in regions believed to be important for kinase activity and regulation. Drosophila abl is approximately 80% similar to the vertebrate c-abl proteins in the srchomology 2(SH2), src-homology 3(SH3) and kinase domains (Henkemeyer et al., 1988). Like the type IV (mouse) and 1b (human) forms of the c-abl proteins, Drosophila abl contains an amino-terminal glycine, which in the mammalian proteins is a site for myristylation. There is, however, little conservation of Drosophila abl in the mammalian c-abl carboxy-terminal domain (24% identity; Henkemeyer et al., 1988). A second member of the Abelson family cloned from human cells is the Abelson related gene (arg; Kruh et al., 1990; Perego et al., 1991). Drosophila abl is equally similar to the mammalian arg and c-abl proteins in the SH2, SH3 and kinase domains (Kruh et al., 1990). In the carboxy-terminal domain, the Drosophila abl and human arg proteins share a statistically significant 30% identity in alignments generated by the GCG Bestfit program (Devereaux et al., 1984; F. Gertler, unpublished observations). 953 Development 116, 953-966 (1992) Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1992
KRULL DIMENSION OF MODULES OVER INVOLUTION RINGS. II

Let R be a ring with involution and invertible 2, and let S̄ be the subring of R generated by the symmetric elements in R. The following questions of Lanski are answered positively: (i) Must S̄ have Krull dimension when R does? (ii) Is every Artinian R-module Artinian as an S̄-module? Throughout this paper R is a ring with involution ∗ in which 2 is invertible. We shall denote by S(R) the set of symmetric elements of R and by S̄(R) the subring of R generated by S(R). All modules in this paper are assumed to be unital left modules. Given a ring A and an A-module M , the Krull dimension of M will be denoted by kR(M). Chain conditions in rings with involution were studied in a number of papers (see, for example, [2], [4], [8], [9], [10], [11]). In [10] Lanski conjectured that if R has Krull dimension, then S̄(R) also must have Krull dimension. He raised implicitly a more general question, namely whether every R-module with Krull dimension has the same Krull dimension as an S̄(R)-module. He frankly admitted that he did not know the answer even in the case of Artinian modules. In [2] the general question was affirmatively answered in the case when R is Noetherian with respect to two-sided ∗-ideals. The main aim of this paper is to prove the following: A. Every Artinian R-module is Artinian as an S̄(R)-module. B. If R is a ring with Krull dimension and M is an R-module, then kR(M) = kS̄(R)(M). The latter settles in particular Lanski’s conjecture above. The idea of the proof is similar to that in [2]. However we now apply some additional deep results and change the technique of the proof in some crucial points. Note that if elements of S(R) commute, then S(R) = S̄(R). In [1] Amitsur proved that if S̄(R) is a PI ring (e.g. if it is commutative), then so is R. For every ∗-ideal I of R, R/I is a ring with involution in a natural way and S(R/I) = (S(R) + I)/I. Indeed, if r + I ∈ S(R/I), then r∗ + I = r + I. Hence r + I = (r + r∗)/2 + I ∈ S(R) + I. The other inclusion is clear. An R-module M will be called ∗-faithful if for every non-zero ∗-ideal I of R, IM 6= 0. Received by the editors August 23, 1995. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 16W10, 16P60. The research of the second author was partially supported by KBN grant 2 P301 035 06. c ©1997 American Mathematical Society
Agenda Dynamics on Social Media During COVID-19 Pandemic: Interactions Between Public, Media, and Government Agendas

ABSTRACT Social media has profoundly altered the way the public, the media, and the government set their agendas. To examine the dynamics between public, government, and media agendas, this study collected posts on Sina Weibo during the COVID-19 pandemic in China from January 2020 to July 2020. The word2vec model and Granger causality analysis were used to measure agenda networks and examine the agenda dynamics. The results show that (1) pandemic statistics were the central issue in public, media, and government agenda networks, (2) the government’s agenda influenced the media’s agenda, and (3) the public agenda affected both media and government agendas. The findings suggest that the public agenda was more influential than the media agenda and the government agenda on Weibo during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. This study contributes to the literature by examining agenda-setting dynamics in a pandemic context. It also extends existing methods by modeling implicit relationships between attributes in agenda networks.
Study on the characterization of endosulfan-degrading bacterial strains isolated from contaminated rhizospheric soil

Abstract In the present study, we have isolated endosulfan tolerant bacterial strains from the rhizosphere of plants growing in a pesticide-contaminated area. The tolerance capacities of these strains were tested up to 50,000 µg ml−1 of endosulfan. It was found that out of nineteen, four strains (EAG-EC-12, EAG-EC-13, EAG-EC-14, and EAG-EC-15) were capable of surviving up to 50,000 µg ml−1 endosulfan concentration in the media; thus, these four strains were selected for the characterization. Among four, two strains were identified as Serratia liquefaciens, while the other two strains were Bacillus sp. and Brevibacterium halotolerans. The result shows that growth of strain Serratia liquefaciens 1 and Serratia liquefaciens 2 in treated medium was statistically similar to that of control (cfu 6.8 × 107) after 24 h, while strains Bacillus sp. and Brevibacterium halotolerans have shown growth significantly less than the control. The degradation potential of these strains was analyzed against 100 to 250 µg ml−1 of endosulfan in a Minimal Broth Medium (MBM), and it was recorded that only 9, 2, 7, and 19% of endosulfan (100 µg ml−1) remain after a 72 h incubation period of Bacillus sp. , Serratia liquefaciens 1, Serratia liquefaciens 2, and Brevibacterium halotolerans, respectively. This endosulfan removal potential of studied strains was decreased with an increase in concentration of endosulfan.
Biological Responses of Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Cenibroca Artificial Diet at Different Moisture Content Levels and Relative Humidities

Abstract The effects of relative humidity and diet moisture content level were determined for the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), when reared on an artificial diet (Cenibroca) at a constant temperature of 25 °C. Three relative humidity levels (i.e., 65, 75, and 85%) at 3 moisture content levels (i.e., 50, 60, and 70%) were evaluated. This artificial diet has been used routinely for over 5 yr to rear coffee berry borer. The following biological parameters were measured for each treatment diet, i.e., preoviposition period, oviposition and feeding behavior, total progeny production, and reproductive potential. The highest reproductive rate and intrinsic rate of increase were obtained with Cenibroca diets containing 50% moisture content level at 85% relative humidity, and 60% moisture content level at 75% relative humidity. The lowest reproductive and intrinsic rate of increase occurred using a diet containing 70% moisture content level at 85% relative humidity. Resumen Se examinó el efecto de la humedad relativa y niveles de contenido de humedad en la broca del café, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) cuando se reprodujo en una dieta artificial (Cenibroca) a una temperatura constante de 25 °C. Se evaluó la respuesta de la broca del café bajo 3 niveles de humedades relativas (i.e., 65, 75, y 85%) y 3 niveles de contenido de humedad (i.e., 50, 60, y 70%). Esta dieta artificial se ha venido utilizando rutinariamente para reproducir la broca el café por generaciones sucesivas por más de 5 años. En cada tratamiento se estimaron los siguientes parámetros biológicos, i.e., período de pre-oviposición, comportamiento de oviposición y alimentación, progenie total por hembra y potencial reproductivo. Los valores mas altos de la tasa reproductiva y la tasa intrínseca de crecimiento se obtuvieron en los tratamientos con la dieta Cenibroca que contenía 50% niveles de contenido de humedad a 85% humedad relativa, y dieta con un 60% niveles de contenido de humedad a 75% humedad relativa. Los valores mas bajos de la tasa reproductiva se encontraron en el tratamiento 70% niveles de contenido de humedad a 85% humedad relativa.
Ultrasonic vocalizations in laboratory mice: strain, age, and sex differences

Mice produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in different social contexts across lifespan. There is ethological evidence that pup USVs elicit maternal retrieval and adult USVs facilitate social interaction with a conspecific. Analysis of mouse vocal and social repertoire across strains, sex and contexts remains not well explored. To address these issues, in inbred (C57BL/6, FVB) and outbred (CD‐1) mouse strains, we recorded and evaluated USVs as neonates and during adult social encounters (male–female and female–female social interaction). We showed significant strain differences in the quantitative (call rate and duration of USVs) and qualitative vocal analysis (spectrographic characterization) from early stage to adulthood, in line with specific patterns of social behaviors. Inbred C57BL/6 mice produced a lower number of calls with less internal changes and shorter duration; inbred FVB mice displayed more social behaviors and produced more syllables with repeated internal changes; outbred CD‐1 mice had an intermediate profile. Our results suggest specific vocal signatures in each mouse strain, thus helping to better define socio‐communicative profiles of mouse strains and to guide the choice of an appropriate strain according to the experimental settings.
Esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis comparing hand‐sewn and stapled anastomosis

This review aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes of hand‐sewn esophageal anastomosis compared to mechanical anastomosis to reconstruct total gastrectomy. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of comparative studies evaluating hand‐sewn and stapled anastomosis were performed. A total of 12 studies were selected, comprising 1761 individuals. The results indicate that the hand‐sewn and stapled esophageal anastomosis have similar surgical outcomes. Stapled anastomosis has a shorter operation time.