Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobilizable carbon reserves in young peach trees as evidenced by trunk girdling experiments

The seasonal patterns in concentration s of both soluble (NSC-S) and insoluble (NSC-I) non-structural carbohydrates, in 3-year-old peach trees (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grown in sand culture are described. The ability of trees to mobilize their carbohydrate reserves in response to scion-trunk girdling, which prevents photosynthate transport toward the roots, was tested at four phenological stages. Girdling induces a NSC-I depletion in roots and rootstock-trunk bark and a NSC-I accumulation in leaves and shoots. On the contrary, the NSC-S concentrations of the organs located both above and below girdling were not significantly affected by the treatment. Consequently, when phloem transport breaks down, trees, whatever their growing stage, mobilize carbohydrate reserves below the girdle to maintain the soluble sugar contents at the same level as in control trees.
Bionomics of Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pomegranates in Iraq

In the field in Iraq Ectomyelois ceratoniae had four generations on an artificial diet and four to five generations on pomegranate fruits. On an artificial diet the mean time for development from egg to adult ranged from 41 to 59 days for the first three generations. Fourth-generation larvae entered diapause in the fall and averaged 241 days. Insect population increased progressively during the fruiting season. Mean percentage of infestation increased from 20% by early generations to more than 80%. High infestation was observed in southcentral areas of Iraq. Orchards in which sanitation was poor were highly infested.
Effects of dietary supplementation of citric acid, copper, and microbial phytase on growth performance and mineral retention in broiler chickens fed a low available phosphorus diet

SUMMARY An experiment was conducted to study the effects of microbial phytase (PHY), citric acid (CA), and Cu proteinate supplementation in broilers (13 to 42 d of age) fed a low available P diet (0.25%) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, and mineral retention. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to evaluate 2 levels of PHY (0 and 750 phytase units/kg of diet), Cu (0 and 250 ppm), and CA (0 and 3%). The CA and Cu supplementation as well as their interaction significantly affected BW and BW gain (P < 0.05), with birds fed supplemental CA having better BW gain when fed the Cu-supplemented diet. A significant Cu × CA interaction (P < 0.05) was observed for tibia weight, in which CA supplementation resulted in increased tibia weight when birds were fed a diet not supplemented with Cu. Interaction effects between PHY and Cu were noted for tibia ash (P < 0.01) and tibia P (P < 0.05), with Cu + PHY supplementation being superior to the other treatments for tibia ash. However, tibia P was greater for the individual effects of both Cu and PHY compared with the combined effect of both additives. There was a significant interaction (P < 0.01) of PHY and CA supplementation with tibia ash percentage, in which the tibia ash (%) increased with combinations of PHY and CA. Supplementation with Cu also resulted in significantly lower cholesterol levels in the thigh muscle (P < 0.05) and serum of birds (P < 0.05). Regarding the main effects of microbial phytase (P < 0.01) and CA (P < 0.05), supplementation increased the P retention with both additives. Therefore, when a low available P diet is used after 13 d, supplementing these additives in the formulation should be considered.
Forecasting recruitment and stock biomass of Northeast Arctic cod using neural networks

We apply an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict recruitment and biomass development of Northeast Arctic cod. The ANN is trained using a genetic algorithm with input time series such as spawning stock biomass of cod, herring and capelin biomass, and temperature. Forecasts were made by training the ANN on parts of the time series (training set), and then using a trained ANN to predict cod recruitment or biomass in years outside of the training set. In general the predictions corresponded well to observations. The correlation (r2) between observed and predicted stock recruitment at age 3 was 0.74, based on a model with temperature, spawning stock biomass, and capelin biomass. The correlation between observed and predicted stock biomass was 0.89, 0.72 and 0.57 for one, two and three year predictions respectively. The best model for the one year predictions was based on input information on cod biomass, temperature, and cod landings. These results illustrate the strong forecasting ability of ANN models. In the light of our findings we discuss the potential benefit of applying ANN models as a forecasting technology in fisheries assessment.
Correlation between drug-induced sleep endoscopy criteria for patient selection and transoral robotic surgery outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea treatment

ENT Department, Hospital Samaritano, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; IEP Hospital SIrio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Contributions: (I) Conception and design: E Thuler; (II) Administrative support: V dos Santos Jr; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: E Thuler; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: Q Tominaga; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: MS Yui; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Eric Thuler. Hospital Samaritano, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Email: erthuler@gmail.com.
Response to Temperature in a Stand of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum typhoides S. & H. )

An index which incorporates rates of plant growth and of development—a thermal interception rate (TIR)— is used to analyse final spikelet and grain number in pearl millet. Growth rate was assumed proportional to solar radiation intercepted (MJ per plant per day) and developmental rate to the accumulation of degree days above a previously determined base of 10 °C. Measurements were assembled from experiments in glasshouses with precise temperature control and from a field study in the tropics. The final number of spikelets was less sensitive to TIR than the final number of grains per plant. The critical period for the determination of grain number is from floral initiation to anthesis (GS2 period).
A study of the impaired growth of roots of Zea mays seedlings at low oxygen concentrations

Abstract. Seedlings of Zea mays L. were grown in the dark at 27°C. Four-day-old seedlings were then exposed for 3 days to solutions equilibrated with gas mixtures to give O2 concentrations between 0.02 and 0.25 mol m−3. Root growth was impaired just as severely at 0.06 as 0.02 mol O2 m−3 while growth at 0.16 mol O2 m−3 was about the same as in solutions in equilibrium with air (0.25 mol O2 m−3). Growth of young seedlings at low O2 concentrations was inhibited to the same extent in nutrient solution and 0.5 ml m−3 CaCl2, showing that the adverse effect of O2 deficits on growth was not due to less uptake of inorganic nutrients. Furthermore, at low O2 concentrations neither exposure of the shoots to a relative humidity of 100% (26.0 g H2O m−3) nor excision of the entire shoot enhanced root growth relative to that in plants with shoots at a relative humidity of 50% (13.0 g H2O m−3). Therefore, for these seedlings growing in the dark, impairment of root growth at low O2 concentrations was not a consequence of water deficits in the shoot or of other shoot-root interactions. Total soluble sugars and amino acid concentrations were generally greater at low (0.02–0.06 mol O2m−3) than at high O2 concentrations (0.16–0.25 mol O2 m −3). This applied specifically to the root apices (0–2 mm) and expanding (2–15 mm) tissue except in some experiments where sugar concentrations in expanding tissue were slightly greater at high than at low O2 concentrations. Critical O2 pressures for respiration of excised root segments were approximately 0.117 and 0.065 mol O2 m−3 in the expanding and expanded zones of the roots, respectively. In contrast, the critical O2 pressure exceeded 0.20 mol O2 m−3 in the apex, suggesting that O2 supply for metabolic processes is most likely to be sub-optimal in this zone. Our results show clearly that the adverse effects of low O2 concentrations are unlikely to be a consequence of substrate shortage for either respiration or synthesis of macromolecules; low rates of ATP regeneration in growing root tissues are the logical cause for impaired growth in young seedlings while they are being sustained by seed reserves.
The role of vicarious experiences in the development of pre-service teachers’ classroom management self-efficacy beliefs

ABSTRACT The present mixed-methods study investigated classroom management self-efficacy (CMSE) beliefs of early childhood pre-service teachers in Lebanon. Vicarious experiences, through observation of an in-service teacher, were analysed for efficiency in supporting the development of pre-service teachers’ CMSE beliefs. The sample consisted of 23 students who completed a pre- and post-observation survey measuring CMSE; five students participated in pre- and post-observation focus group interviews. Results indicated CMSE beliefs did not undergo a statistically significant change following pre-service teachers’ observations, but several trends were noted through the focus group interviews, including a shift from emphasising reactive behaviours to more proactive ones. All pre-service teachers voiced their desire for additional mastery experiences to aid in the development of their CMSE beliefs. Practical implications and recommendations were discussed.
Prevalence of Listeria species and Listeria monocytogenes serotypes in ready mayonnaise salads and salad vegetables in Iran

1 Microbiology Division, Insititute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2 Laboratory of Biomedical Science and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Graduate Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 3 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia. 4 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia.
For Review Only Roots of Adult Attachment: Maternal Caregiving at 18 Months Predicts Adult Peer and Partner Attachment

It is widely assumed that, within the context of a stable developmental environment, relationship experiences in early life influence later ones. To date, however, there has been no longitudinal empirical evidence for the hypothesis that early maternal caregiving predicts adult attachment dynamics with peers and partners. The present longitudinal study shows that quality of maternal caregiving experienced at 18 months of age predicted the extent to which the same participants more than 20 years later (age M 1⁄4 22) were uncomfortable relying on partners and peers (avoidance) and experienced relational worries with partners (anxiety). These findings provide new empirical support that early maternal caregiving predicts later adult attachment patterns with peers and partners. Moreover, consistent with attachment theory, they suggest that the influence of maternal caregiving experienced in early life is not limited to this first attachment relationship but operates more generally in other attachment relationships.
Decarburization control during stainless steel making in an EAF

During the production of stainless steel in the electric arc furnace (EAF) there is a phase when oxygen is injected to oxidize unwanted elements, mainly carbon and silicon. Within this decarburization phase unfortunately also elements valuable to the process like iron and chromium get oxidized. This causes an economical loss and a bad environmental impact. Since it is not possible to continuously measure the carbon content of the melt during decarburization, an alternative indirect control strategy has been developed. This control strategy is based on thermochemical calculations, a model describing the elements oxidation during oxygen injection and the measurement of carbon emissions from the EAF. To monitor the carbon emissions (CO2, CO) of the process during decarburization, an offgas analysis system has been installed at an industrial EAF. This new control strategy was tested in a number of exemplary heats and showed good results throughout. The control of the decarburization phase by monitoring the carbon emissions leads on average to a decrease of the oxygen consumption and therefore a decrease in tap-to-tap time. Compared to the previous decarburization strategy the oxygen consumption could be decreased by up to 24 % for single heats (~ 8 minutes of injection time). The chromium losses to the slag could also be decreased significantly, which is equal to a saving of ferrochrome input of about 8 kg/tsteel. Concluding also the influence of this new decarburization control strategy on the EAF’s energy demand and energy efficiency has been investigated and there is no negative influence on both of them.
Labor Income, Relative Wealth Concerns, and the Cross Section of Stock Returns

The finance literature documents a relation between labor income and the cross section of stock returns. One possible explanation for this is the hedging decisions of investors with relative wealth concerns. This implies a negative risk premium associated with stock returns correlated with local undiversifiable wealth because investors are willing to pay more for stocks that help their hedging goals. We find evidence that is consistent with these regularities. In addition, we show that the effect varies across geographic areas depending on the size and variability of undiversifiable wealth, proxied by labor income.
A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine and a retrospective study in adult patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Objective In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a retrospective study. Methods Subjects admitted to 11 designated public hospitals in Taiwan between April 1 and May 31, 2020, with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed by pharyngeal real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, were randomized at a 2:1 ratio and stratified by mild or moderate illness. HCQ 400 mg twice for 1 d and HCQ 200 mg twice daily for 6 days were administered. Both study group and controlled group received standard of care (SOC). Pharyngeal swabs and sputum were collected every other day. The proportion and time to negative viral PCR were assessed on day 14. In the retrospective study, medical records were reviewed for patients admitted before March 31, 2020. Results There were 33 and 37 cases in the RCT and retrospective study, respectively. In the RCT, the median times to negative rRT-PCR from randomization to hospital day 14 were 5 days (95% CI; 1-9 days) and 10 days (95% CI; 2-12 days) for the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively (p = 0.40). On day 14, 81.0% (17/21) and 75.0% (9/12) of the subjects in the HCQ and SOC groups, respectively, had undetected virus (p = 0.36). In the retrospective study, 12 (42.9%) in the HCQ group and 5 (55.6%) in the control group had negative rRT-PCR results on hospital day 14 (p = 0.70). Conclusions Neither study demonstrated that HCQ shortened viral shedding in mild to moderate COVID-19 subjects.
Socioeconomic, racial and ethnic differences in patient experience of clinician empathy: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Empathy is essential for high quality health care. Health care disparities may reflect a systemic lack of empathy for disadvantaged people; however, few data exist on disparities in patient experience of empathy during face-to-face health care encounters with individual clinicians. We systematically analyzed the literature to test if socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity disparities exist in patient-reported experience of clinician empathy. Methods: Using a published protocol, we searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, CENTRAL and PsychINFO for studies using the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) Measure, which to date is the most commonly used and well-validated methodology for measuring clinician empathy from the patient perspective. We included studies containing CARE Measure data stratified by SES and/or race/ethnicity. We contacted authors to request stratified data, when necessary. We performed quantitative meta-analyses using random effects models to test for empathy differences by SES and race/ethnicity. Results: Eighteen studies (n=9,708 patients) were included. We found that, compared to patients whose SES was not low, low SES patients experienced lower empathy from clinicians (mean difference= -0.87 [95% confidence interval -1.72 to -0.02]). Compared to white patients, empathy scores were numerically lower for patients of multiple race/ethnicity groups (Black/African American, Asian, Native American, and all non-whites combined) but none of these differences reached statistical significance. Conclusion: These data suggest an empathy gap may exist for patients with low SES. More research is needed to further test for SES and race/ethnicity disparities in clinician empathy and help promote health care equity. Registration (PROSPERO): CRD42019142809
NOTES: Base Composition of DNA from Selected Strains of the Cyanobacterial Genus Microcystis

Average DNA base compositions, as determined from 50% thermal denaturation temperatures and from buoyant densities, were 38, 41, 43, and 40 to 41 mol% G+C for Microcystis sp. strains P1-15, C5-34, AK1-6, and C3-40, respectively. These phenotypically similar organisms, which are representatives of the Microcystis cluster within the Synechocystis group of chroococcacean cyanobacteria, have a smaller range of DNA base compositions (38 to 43 mol% G+C) than the Synechocystis group as a whole does (30 to 48 mol% G+C). Because the DNA base ratios of the Microcystis cultures adjoin or overlap those of the low- and high-G+C-content clusters of the Synechocystis group, DNA base composition data do not differentiate the Microcystis cluster from these two Synechocystis clusters. By bridging the gap between the low- and high-G+C-content clusters of the Synechocystis group, the data for Microcystis create a continuum of DNA base ratios within the Synechocystis group and diminish the usefulness of G+C values for discerning clusters within the phenotypically heterogeneous Synechocystis group.
Optimization of Comfort Properties of Single Jersey Knitted Fabrics

Fine Arts Faculty, Department of Fashion and Textile Design, Gaziantep University, 27310, Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey E-mail: ecoruh@gantep.edu. tr Abstract The main goal of this study was to investigate the influence of the knitting structure, loop length, thigtness factor, fibre type and yarn properties on the mechanical and comfort properties of single jersey knitted fabrics. Four different blends of fibres (cotton 50%: viscose 50%, cotton 50%: polyester 50%, cotton 40%: polyester 60%, cotton 30%: polyester 70%) were used to produce a 20 tex yarn count. Each of these yarns was used to manufacture single jersey knitted fabrics. The knits were manufactured on a single feeder sample knitting machine. Twelve different types of single jersey knitted fabrics were produced with different blend ratios and three different densities (loose, medium, tight). All experiments were carried out in a standard atmosphere condition. The goals of our research were to study changes in the mechanical properties of weft knits as a function of the structure and density and to investigate relationships between the hand, knit structure and density. This study was to ensure that the quality of fabric production was maintained according to specific constraints and objectives without producing the comfort properties desired. Statistical analysis using Design Expert Analysis 6.06. also indicates that the results are significant for the air permeability, bursting strength and water vapour permeability of the fabrics.
Scalloped and Yorkie are required for cell cycle re-entry of quiescent cells after tissue damage

Regeneration of damaged tissues typically requires a population of active stem cells. How damaged tissue is regenerated in quiescent tissues lacking a stem cell population is less well understood. We used a genetic screen in the developingDrosophilamelanogastereye to investigate the mechanisms that trigger quiescent cells to re-enter the cell cycle and proliferate in response to tissue damage. We discovered that Hippo signaling regulates compensatory proliferation after extensive cell death in the developing eye. Scalloped and Yorkie, transcriptional effectors of the Hippo pathway, drive Cyclin E expression to induce cell cycle re-entry in cells that normally remain quiescent in the absence of damage. Ajuba, an upstream regulator of Hippo signaling that functions as a sensor of epithelial integrity, is also required for cell cycle re-entry. Thus, in addition to its well-established role in modulating proliferation during periods of tissue growth, Hippo signaling maintains homeostasis by regulating quiescent cell populations affected by tissue damage.
Improved Copy move forgery detection approach-A Comparative study

- In recent years, digital images are in use in a wide range of applications and for multiple purposes. There are many types of image forgery, the most important and popular type is called copy move forgery, which uses the same image in the process of forgery. Copy–Move and cut-paste forgeries are common type of tampering, where part of an image is copied and pasted to another place to add a new object or to hide/remove an object already present. Most of the copy move forgery detection methods are interest point-based, where the significant key points are extracted and compared to each other to locate similar regions and another category of method called block-based, where the image is divided into overlapping blocks and then features are extracted and compared to find similar regions. In this paper a new hybrid approach is proposed that exploits the block based and the key point based approach for copy-move forgery detection hence it is considered as “hybrid” method. In this paper two approaches have been presented, one with regular regions and another one with irregular image regions for forensic detection of copy move forger and their performance is analyzed and reported. In the first approach, the key points are extracted from the image, and a set of connected triangles are built onto these points to model the foreground regions. Then the triangle region matching is done using their inner angles, color information and area of the triangle regions to locate the copy move tampered regions. In the second approach an adaptive over segmentation method is employed so that the input image is divided into non overlapping regions of irregular shape and key points are extracted from the resultant segmented irregular blocks. For similarity matching of regions a method based on correlation is employed. A comparative study was made by conducting experiments on MICC F220 and MICC F2000 databases.