Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of oak dendrochronological series in protected zone (Bulgaria) for eustress identification in forest stands.

The paper presents results of Quercus cerris L. and Q. frainetto Ten. eustress investigations in SCI “Zapadna Stara Planina i Predbalkan” following a new holistic approach by applying an original software SPPAM for the identification and assessment of eustress. The tree ring width sequences are approximated with polynomials with R>0.45. It indexes as a ratio between measured and approximated values are computed. Years, where It is lower than a threshold value, are categorized as eustressed ones. Specified in the investigation climatic type of years are studied as adverse years according to the obtained eustress. A five grade scale for assessment of frequency, duration and negative deviation of It as eustress characteristics and their comparative analysis is proposed. The predominance of hot and dry adverse years on the growth is established. The eustress characteristics were scaled and compared. The potential risk for studied forest vegetation is estimated. The proposed holistic approach is convenient for the fast diagnosis of forest state. This approach allows also the expression of reactive functional types, which may support the vegetation modelling.
Seismic Attenuation Characteristics along the Hi‐CLIMB Profile in Tibet from Lg Q Inversion

We investigate the Q of crustal Lg waves along the Himalayan-Tibetan Continental Lithosphere during Mountain Building (Hi-CLIMB) profile in Tibet using a reliable two-station method. Four earthquakes of M ≥5:5 recorded along a 800-km- long densely-spaced seismic profile are used to extract Lg-wave spectra. One hundred seven high quality interstation paths that allow us to use the standard two-station method for Lg Q measurement are selected from 2369 possible pairs. By using those 107 interstation Q0 (1 Hz Lg Q) values as input, lateral variations in attenuation char- acteristics are derived through inversion. The region has Q0 estimates ranging from 88 5 to 165 15, with the lowest value in the Qiangtang terrane and the highest across some part of the lower Himalaya. The lowest value is attributed to the high Poisson's ratio, higher temperatures, as well as partial melts in the crust. The results do not contain any detectable variation in Q0 either across the Himalaya-Tibet collision zone (i.e., the Indus-Tsangpo suture zone) or along the major Bangong- Nujiang suture zone (BNSZ). Consistent low Q0 values along the Hi-CLIMB profile manifest the presence of omnipresent partial melting of the crust throughout the plateau.
Putting risk in its proper place

This paper examines preferences toward particular classes of lottery pairs. We show how such concepts as prudence and temperance can be fully characterized by a preference relation over these lotteries. If preferences are defined in an expected-utility framework with differentiable utility, the direction of preference for a particular class of lottery pairs is equivalent to signing the nth derivative of the utility function. What makes our characterization appealing is its simplicity, which seems particularly amenable to experimentation. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Impact of auditory training for perceptual assessment of voice executed by undergraduate students in Speech-Language Pathology.

PURPOSE To analyze the impact of auditory training for auditory-perceptual assessment carried out by Speech-Language Pathology undergraduate students. METHODS During two semesters, 17 undergraduate students enrolled in theoretical subjects regarding phonation (Phonation/Phonation Disorders) analyzed samples of altered and unaltered voices (selected for this purpose), using the GRBAS scale. All subjects received auditory training during nine 15-minute meetings. In each meeting, a different parameter was presented using the different voices sample, with predominance of the trained aspect in each session. Sample assessment using the scale was carried out before and after training, and in other four opportunities throughout the meetings. Students' assessments were compared to an assessment carried out by three voice-experts speech-language pathologists who were the judges. To verify training effectiveness, the Friedman's test and the Kappa index were used. RESULTS The rate of correct answers in the pre-training was considered between regular and good. It was observed maintenance of the number of correct answers throughout assessments, for most of the scale parameters. In the post-training moment, the students showed improvements in the analysis of asthenia, a parameter that was emphasized during training after the students reported difficulties analyzing it. There was a decrease in the number of correct answers for the roughness parameter after it was approached segmented into hoarseness and harshness, and observed in association with different diagnoses and acoustic parameters. CONCLUSION Auditory training enhances students' initial abilities to perform the evaluation, aside from guiding adjustments in the dynamics of the university subject.
Assessment OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY at Large Watershed Scale: Land‐Use, Anthropogenic, and Administrative Impacts

Understanding the impacts that influence water quality is critical to the development of best management practices at the large watershed scale. This study describes the spatiotemporal variation in surface water quality and identifies their main impact in the Haihe River basin, China. Multivariate statistical techniques are applied to analyze the similarities among the sampling sites and to identify the main pollution sources in surface water. Results show that: (1) the basin can be clustered into two regions, water quality being better in the mountainous vs. plain regions; (2) water quality improves due to implementation of a strict state policy on environmental pollution control, prodded by the hosting of the Olympic games in the cities of Beijing and Tianjin; and (3) agricultural and residential land uses as well as livestock‐breeding are the main sources affecting water quality in the mountainous regions, whereas rural waste discharge — including domestic waste sewage, human and animal feces, and solid waste — significantly influences water quality in the plain regions. The waste discharge of industrial factories may be a significant source of water pollution in the plain regions. Results indicate that the environmental management from pollution sinks and sources, long‐lasting legal framework, and adequate economic incentives should be improved to optimize the large‐scale watershed management under the background of the rapid development of countries like China.
Who is Everyone's Darling in Cyberspace? The Characteristics of Popular Online Daters

Online dating current is a popular activity in cyberspace. More and more people make new friends and find their partners through online dating web sites. There is an interesting observation that some people are more popular than others in online dating web sites. The current study focuses on the personal profile characteristics that make one a popular dater. By two field surveys, this study discusses the relationship between online daters' personal profiles and their popularity. The first survey investigated 800 online daters' profiles from dating web sites. The statistical analysis results indicated that physical body types and looks, education level, occupation, personality, and interests were characteristics that influenced the popularity of online daters, while significant gender differences were found in the characteristics that related to popularity of online daters. The second survey searched 960 online daters with profiles of popular and unpopular characteristics. By observing the popularity of these online daters, it was found that those with "popular" characteristics also were the popular daters and those with "unpopular" characteristics were the unpopular daters. This may serve as evidence that the found personal profile characteristics were indeed factors influencing the popularity of the online daters.
Syn-extensional plutonism and peak metamorphism in the Albion–Raft River–Grouse Creek metamorphic core complex

The Cassia plutonic complex (CPC) is a group of variably deformed, Oligocene granitic plutons exposed in the lower plate of the Albion–Raft River–Grouse Creek (ARG) metamorphic core complex of Idaho and Utah. The plutons range from granodiorite to garnet-bearing, leucogranite, and during intrusion, sillimanite-grade peak metamorphism and ductile attenuation occurred in the country rocks and normal-sense, amphibolite-grade deformation took place along the Middle Mountain shear zone. U-Pb zircon geochronology from three variably deformed plutons exposed in the lower plate of the ARG metamorphic core complex revealed that each zircon is comprised of inherited cores (dominantly late Archean) and Oligocene igneous overgrowths. Within each pluton, a spread of concordant ages from the Oligocene zircon overgrowths is interpreted as zircon recycling within a long-lived magmatic system. The plutons of the CPC have very low negative whole rock εNd values of −26 to −35, and initial Sr values of 0.714 to 0.718, consistent with an ancient, crustal source. Oxygen isotope ratios of the Oligocene zircon overgrowths from the CPC have an average δ18O value of 5.40 ± 0.63 permil (2SD, n = 65) with a slight trend towards higher δ18O values through time. The δ18O values of the inherited cores of the zircons are more variable at 5.93 ± 1.51 permil (2SD, n = 29). Therefore, we interpret the plutons of the CPC as derived, at least in part, from melting Archean crust based on the isotope geochemistry. In situ partial melting of the exposed Archean basement that was intruded by the Oligocene plutons of the CPC is excluded as the source for the CPC based on field relationships, age and geochemistry. Correlations between Ti and Hf concentrations in zircons from the CPC suggest that the magmatic system may have become hotter (higher Ti concentration in zircon) and less evolved (lower Hf in zircon concentration) through time. Therefore, the CPC represents prolonged or episodic magmatism system (32-25 Ma), and the intrusions were each accompanied by sillimanite-grade deformation and extension. The Oligocene magmatism and peak metamorphism preserved in the ARG metamorphic core complex are likely related to regional trends in mantle-derived magmatism that led to protracted heating, melting and mobilization of the deeper crust.
Adaptive interactions between HLA and HIV-1 : Highly divergent selection imposed by HLA class I molecules with common supertype motifs 1

1Funding support: This project was supported by grant number RO1 AI060460 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The ACTG is supported by grant number AI-68636 and the Vanderbilt DNA Resources Core by grant number RR024975. The ACTG Clinical Trials Sites that collected DNA were supported by NIH grants AI64086, AI68636, AI68634, AI069471, AI27661, AI069439, AI25859, AI069477, AI069513, AI069452, AI27673, AI069419, AI069474, AI69411, AI69423, AI69494, AI069484, AI069472, AI069501, AI69467, AI069450, AI32782, AI69465, AI069424, AI38858, AI069447, AI069495, AI069502, AI069556, AI069432, AI46370, AI069532, AI046376, AI34853, and AI069434. The content of this study is the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIAID or the National Institutes of Health (US). The project was additionally supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Corresponding author: Dr Mina John Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics, Level 2, North Block, Royal Perth Hospital, Wellington Street, Perth WA 6000, Australia, Ph: 61+ (0)892242899, Fax: 61+ (0)892242920, Mina.John@iiid.com. au. Publisher's Disclaimer: Disclaimer: This is an author-produced version of a manuscript accepted for publication in The Journal of Immunology (The JI). The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. (AAI), publisher of The JI, holds the copyright to this manuscript. This manuscript has not yet been copyedited or subjected to editorial proofreading by The JI; hence it may differ from the final version published in The JI (online and in print). AAI (The JI) is not liable for errors or omissions in this author-produced version of the manuscript or in any version derived from it by the United States National Institutes of Health or any other third party. The final, citable version of record can be found at www.jimmunol. org. ” Web resources Source code for the program used to compute HLA-HIV polymorphism associations is available at http://www.microsoft.com/science. The CD8 T cell epitope prediction program cited in this paper is available at http://atom.research. microsoft.com/bio/epipred.aspx Accession numbers The GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank/) accession numbers for AACTG 5142/5128 cohort HIV-1 sequences reported in this paper are GQ371216-GQ371763 (gag), GQ371764-GQ372317 (pol), GQ372318-GQ372824 and GQ398382-GQ398387 (nef) and GU727870-GU731062 (remaining genes). Patient specific genetic (HLA) data cannot be posted publically however data may be shared with collaborators for specific research projects subject to approval by the appropriate study teams and IRBs governing ACTG A5128 and the WAHCS materials and data. Please contact the corresponding author. NIH Public Access
Digital Commons @ RIC Digital Commons @ RIC

Patients at risk for repeat renal calculi presenting to the ED with symptoms similar to their previous episodes, are likely to be over-exposed to computed tomographic (CT) scans. With recurrence at fifty percent minimizing CT use in this population is imperative (Goertz & Lotterman, 2010). Studies indicate using urinalysis and alternative imaging methods are necessary to prevent increases in radiation exposure, cost and ED visit time. The purpose of the project was to decrease CT use by providing current evidence-based research to ED providers on the overuse of CT scans for patients with a history of renal calculi who present with symptoms comparable to previous episodes. Using the logical model, the project was a retrospective chart review. The study took place in Charlton Memorial Hospital’s ED. Charts were reviewed of patients who had a history of renal calculi and presented to the ED with flank pain. Patients were excluded for age less than eighteen, recent surgery, and chronic renal failure and/or dialysis due to renal impairment at baseline. The pre-presentation chart review was to assess the need to decrease CT scan ordering in the given population. An informational session on current research was provided to the providers and a post presentation chart review was completed to evaluate if there was a subsequent decrease in CT ordering. The study proved using evidence-based research to educate providers could result in a decreased amount of CT scans ordered. CT scans were ordered, eighty percent pre-presentation and decreased to sixty-five percent post.
The Pre-Cambrian rocks of the N.E. Ox Mountains, Eire

Summary Moinian and Dalradian metamorphic rocks occur in the north-east extension of the Ox Mountains. The petrology and migmatization of the Moinian are discussed and Dalradian rocks are described for the first time from this area. Reference is made to the structure and brief comparisons are made with adjacent areas. The status of the so-called ‘eclogites’ in the Moinian is also discussed.
Satellite Observations and Modeling of Meanders in the California Current System off Oregon and Northern California

Abstract Infrared satellite images from the west coasts of Oregon and northern California are used to identify meander patterns in sea surface temperature which appear as large cold tongues extending offshore. Two relatively long series of images from 1982 and a few examples from 1980 and 1983 demonstrate the evolution of the cold tongues from an initial variety of scales (60–200 km), to the fastest growing waves (110–130 km) and then finally to tongues with longer wavelengths (400 km). This is observed to occur over periods of about three months in summer and fall when the coastal circulation is composed of a southward surface current over a northward undercurrent. The initial shorter scale features are believed to be excited by the interaction between the mean current and the coastal topography. Baroclinic instability associated with the vertical shear between the surface current and the undercurrent is found to be responsible for the growth of the features observed in the satellite imagery. A nonlinear.
outputs A detailed account of the First Question Generation Shared Task Evaluation challenge

The paper provides a detailed account of the First Shared Task Evaluation Challenge on Question Generation that took place in 2010. The campaign included two tasks that take text as input and produce text, i.e. questions, as output: Task A – Question Generation from Paragraphs and Task B – Question Generation from Sentences. Motivation, data sets, evaluation criteria, guidelines for judges, and results are presented for the two tasks. Lessons learned and advice for future Question Generation Shared Task Evaluation Challenges (QG-STEC) are also offered.
Trilobites from the ParadoxidesBeds of Comley Shropshire

Introductory remarks In a previous communication I called attention to certain trilobites associated with Callavia. callavei Lapw. , from the limestones at the top of the Lower Comley Sandstone, and indicated the correspondence of many of the forms with those of Dr. Matthew's Protolenus Fauna from the Cambrian of the Atlantic province of North America. The object of the present paper is to describe and figure the trilobites of the Upper Comley Sandstone, and to endeavour to estimate the faunal importance of the physical break between the upper and the lower groups of strata. Many of the specimens have been obtained during the progress of the excavations that I have been conducting for the British Association; others have been collected at various times during the past twenty years; and, through tho kindness of Prof. Charles Lapworth, I have had access to the type-specimens of his Paradoxicles groomii, which are now figured for the first time. The fossils described in this paper occur at three distinct horizons. A lower one, the Quarry-Ridge Grits, at the base of the Paradoxides-bearing beds of the Comley Sandstone, where they rest unconformably upon the Protolenus and Callavia Beds; a second, the Hill-House Beds, some 300 feet higher in the succession; and a third, the Shoot-Rough-Road Beds, near the top of the Comley Sandstone Group, presumably several hundreds of feet higher. The stratigraphical relations of these beds to one another and to the strata above and below them, the local names adopted, and the horizons from which
First record of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from Lithuania: phytosaurs (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) of probable Late Triassic age, with a review of phytosaur biogeography

Abstract Fossils of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from Lithuania and the wider East Baltic region of Europe have previously been unknown. We here report the first Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrate fossils from Lithuania: two premaxillary specimens and three teeth that belong to Phytosauria, a common clade of semiaquatic Triassic archosauriforms. These specimens represent an uncrested phytosaur, similar to several species within the genera Paleorhinus, Parasuchus, Rutiodon and Nicrosaurus. Because phytosaurs are currently only known from the Upper Triassic, their discovery in northwestern Lithuania (the Šaltiškiai clay-pit) suggests that at least part of the Triassic succession in this region is Late Triassic in age, and is not solely Early Triassic as has been previously considered. The new specimens are among the most northerly occurrences of phytosaurs in the Late Triassic, as Lithuania was approximately 7–10° further north than classic phytosaur-bearing localities in nearby Germany and Poland, and as much as 40° further north than the best-sampled phytosaur localities in North America. The far northerly occurrence of the Lithuanian fossils prompts a review of phytosaur biogeography and distribution, which suggests that these predators were widely distributed in the Triassic monsoonal belt but rarer in more arid regions.
I NDUSTRIAL M ATHEMATICS I NSTITUTE

We study two-level additive Schwarz preconditioners that can be used in the iterative solution of the discrete problems resulting from C 0 interior penalty methods for fourth order elliptic boundary value problems. We show that the condition number of the preconditioned system is bounded by C (1 + ( H 3 /δ 3 )), where H is the typical diameter of a subdomain, δ measures the overlap among the subdomains and the positive constant C is independent of the mesh sizes and the number of subdomains
Investigation of Water Movement in the Unsaturated Zone Under an Irrigated Area Using Environmental Tritium

A 14-year record of convective-dispersive flow in the unsaturated zone was reconstructed using the difference between the environmental tritium content of rain and of irrigation water. Samples were taken from a 1oess profile in the northern Negev, Israel, in an area where precipitation is 200 mm/winter and irrigation is 650 mm/summer. The difference between the measured tritium profile and the input tritium profile was interpreted in terms of mobile and immobile water domains. The percentage of the total water which is immobile was estimated to be about 40% at the surface and 55% at 8.5 m depth. This leads to the estimate that 8 +__ 1% of the rain and irrigation water percolated downward, with a velocity of 0.66 +__ 0.03 m yr -x and a maximal effective dispersion coefficient of 5 x 10 -xx m 2 s -x. Using these values, we determined the limits of dispersivity (0.5-1.5 mm) and of tortuosity (0.05-0.11) in the medium studied.
RESIDENTES EXTRANJEROS EN LA REGIÓN DE MURCIA. APROXIMACIÓN INICIAL A SU ESTUDIO

The study of the quick and growing arrival of foreign immigrants, searching for residence in this region is approached here. It is observed that there are two different groups of immigrants with different reasons: retired people from North-Westem Europe countries, and those looking for a job, of different and varied origins. The spatial areas chosen as places of residence are diverse depending on the reasons that originated the immigration movement. Although the number of immigrants is not very high, it is quite likely to continue rising. It is necessary to reach a general and fair pattem of the immigration desired, and of the way to cope with the situation. To get this, it is necessary to have good knowledge of the phenomenon in al1 its dimensions.