Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incivility Within and Beyond Classrooms: Exploring the Perceptions of Targets, Instigators, and Observers

This study aimed at understanding the perceptions of female students who had experienced or witnessed incivility by faculty, and instigated incivility in or out of the classroom and how it affected them. Through the application of a phenomenological and qualitative approach, data were collected from eight (8) female business administration students from public sector universities of Quetta, Pakistan. The findings of the study revealed that female students experienced and witnessed faculty incivility within and beyond the classrooms, which included harassment, character assassination, and humiliation characterized as intense behaviors of faculty. These encounters of faculty incivility resulted in psychological distress like depression, interrupted sleeping patterns, and fear. Furthermore, the findings concerning instigated incivility exhibited that those female students who misbehaved with their instructors were distressed and wanted to quit their studies. The results of this study would be helpful for the university administration to develop policies to combat incivility in educational institutions.
What Solar–Terrestrial Link Researchers Should Know about Interplanetary Drivers

One of the most promising methods of research in solar–terrestrial physics is the comparison of the responses of the magnetosphere–ionosphere–atmosphere system to various types of interplanetary disturbances (so-called “interplanetary drivers”). Numerous studies have shown that different types of drivers result in different reactions of the system for identical variations in the interplanetary magnetic field. In particular, the sheaths—compression regions before fast interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs)—have higher efficiency in terms of the generation of magnetic storms than ICMEs. The growing popularity of this method of research is accompanied by the growth of incorrect methodological approaches in such studies. These errors can be divided into four main classes: (i) using incorrect data with the identification of driver types published in other studies; (ii) using incorrect methods to identify the types of drivers and, as a result, misclassify the causes of magnetospheric-ionospheric disturbances; (iii) ignoring a frequent case with a complex, composite, nature of the driver (the presence of a sequence of several simple drivers) and matching the system response with only one of the drivers; for example, a magnetic storm is often generated by a sheath in front of ICME, although the authors consider these events to be a so-called “CME-induced” storm, rather than a “sheath-induced” storm; (iv) ignoring the compression regions before the fast CME in the case when there is no interplanetary shock (IS) in front of the compression region (“sheath without IS” or the so-called “lost driver”), although this type of driver generates about 10% of moderate and large magnetic storms. Possible ways of solving this problem are discussed.
Children's Enjoyment, Perceived Competency, and Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity During High-Intensity Interval Training in Physical Education

Background: Little is known about children’s experience with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during elementary school. Perceptions of enjoyment, perceived competence, and motivation are likely to drive long-term adherence and are, therefore, critical to understanding how HIIT might be implemented in this setting. The purpose of this study was to describe children’s physical activity levels, enjoyment, and perceived competency of HIIT activities within a Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework (autonomy) in elementary school physical education (PE) classes. Methods: Participants were 402 children from a single, diverse elementary school (49.4% female, 59.6% Non-Hispanic white). Student enjoyment and perceived competency were collected following teacher- (non-autonomous) and student- led (autonomous) conditions. A sub-set of 201 children wore accelerometers to measure percent of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This mixed factorial design was assessed through a series of repeated measures ANOVAs. Results: While children reported generally positive enjoyment and perceived competence in both condition (rating over 4.0 on a 5-point scale), children significantly enjoyed (d = 0.44) and felt more competent (d = 0.12) during the autonomous HIIT condition compared to the nonautonomous HIIT condition. In contrast, the percent of time in MPVA (d=1.09) was significantly lower in the autonomous condition. Conclusions: These data illustrate a challenging trade-off with the design of HIIT trials. Increasing autonomy through the inclusion of student choice increased enjoyment and perceived competence of HIIT, which are likely to improve adherence, but lowered physical activity intensity, which is likely to reduce impact.
The “Golden Age” of Behavior Genetics?

The search for genetic risk factors underlying the presumed heritability of all human behavior has unfolded in two phases. The first phase, characterized by candidate-gene-association (CGA) studies, has fallen out of favor in the behavior-genetics community, so much so that it has been referred to as a “cautionary tale. ” The second and current iteration is characterized by genome-wide association studies (GWASs), single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability estimates, and polygenic risk scores. This research is guided by the resurrection of, or reemphasis on, Fisher’s “infinite infinitesimal allele” model of the heritability of complex phenotypes, first proposed over 100 years ago. Despite seemingly significant differences between the two iterations, they are united in viewing the discovery of risk alleles underlying heritability as a matter of finding differences in allele frequencies. Many of the infirmities that beset CGA studies persist in the era of GWASs, accompanied by a host of new difficulties due to the human genome’s underlying complexities and the limitations of Fisher’s model in the postgenomics era.
Broiler production and welfare in the county of Södermanland

80 million broilers are reared in Sweden each year and broiler welfare is a worldwide issue. The main aim of this study was to investigate and describe a part of the Swedish broiler production and to analyze the relevant literature to find strengths, weaknesses, identify riskfactors and propose possible solutions. This was done by an extensive review of literature and by on-farm observations made on official animal welfare controls conducted by the County Administrative Board. The main results are that fast-growing hybrids are prone to lameness, disease and unnatural behaviour and the most common remarks on farms from the official animal welfare controls was covering of daylight inlets and poor litter quality. The most common reason for condemnation in Sweden was skin disorders (42 %) and in the county of Sodermanland 26 % and 17 % of the foot score sessions resulted in remarks on a high and low level respectively. Conclusions are that the producers are the key factors for a successful production, which is vulnerable and that high biosecurity also is a strength. Risk factors for animal welfare problems include the use of fast growing hybrids. The possible solutions to this are to grant the producer more influence over the production and to switch to slow-growing hybrids. A number of risk factors covering the period from introduction to slaughter were identified.
Linguistic Aspect of the Technology for the Use of Video Content in the Process of Adaptation of Foreign Students at Higher Education Institutions of the United States of America

The purpose of the study is to determine the structure of technology for the use of video content for linguistic and cultural adaptation of foreign students at higher education institutions of the USA from psycholinguistic point of view. The article is concerned with the analysis of practical measures aimed at forming and developing communication and socio-cultural competence when using video content, including professionally-oriented video content. In the course of the research, the level of influence of video content on the development of foreign students' linguistic and social skills, which are necessary for a comprehensive communication with cultural elements, was determined using the descriptive method. Comparative historical and typological methods allowed to determine whether foreign students could identify any historical and linguistic changes in the language they learned, as well as make a comparative analysis of native and foreign languages. The impact of video content used during adaptation activities was analyzed using sociolinguistic methods, namely the field research method aimed at the identification of a direct correlation between film screenings and the development of the ability to use linguistic and cultural patterns in foreign students, as well as the method of sociolinguistic research which helped to conduct a more detailed study of the socio-communicative elements formed and the impact that the cultural specifics of the society had on them. The applied linguistic method helped to conduct a more detailed study of the impact of video text on the communication skills of a person. Linguistic and cultural patterns are an important component of successful communication for a foreign student since it provides them with elements that can be put to use when needed in social relations. One of the most widely used methods for forming such patterns at HEI
Lack of Efficacy

Lack of efficacy: case report An approximately 12-month-old Indian boy exhibited lack of efficacy while being treated with levetiracetam, valproic acid and zonisamide for infantile onset epileptic encephalopathy (nonstructural West’s syndrome). The boy presented with a 2-week history of flexor spasms (infantile spasms) at the age of 7 months. He had a normal developmental milestones until 7 months of age; however, a loss of previously attained milestones (neuroregression) was noted in the last 2 weeks. He was hypotonic. Based on investigations, he was diagnosed with infantile onset epileptic encephalopathy (nonstructural West’s syndrome). Thereafter, exome sequencing of a multigene epilepsy panel indicated a ATP6V1A mutation c.416A>G (p.Lys139Arg). He received adrenocorticotropic hormone with cessation of spasms. However, the infantile spasms reappeared 5 months later. Therefore, he was treated with levetiracetam, zonisamide and valproic acid [dosages and routes not stated]. Although, his seizure frequency decreased by >50%, he continued to experience flexor spasms (infantile spasms) in clusters. The disease was thus considered to be refractory to these medications (lack of efficacy). Later, an EEG showed resolution of symptoms with slow background and multifocal epileptiform discharges. His development quotient was found to be <70 at a follow-up 1 year later.
Assessment of Wind Power Potential and Wind Electricity Generation Using WECS of Two Sites in South West, Nigeria

The study was used to analyze the wind characteristics of Shaki (08.40’ N; 03.23’ E; Altitude 457.0 m; Air density 1.1723 kg/m3) and Iseyin (07.58’ N; 03.36’ E; Altitude 330.0 m; Air density 1.1869 kg/m3), two local sites in Oyo State, Nigeria. 21 years monthly mean wind speeds at 10 m height obtained from the Nigeria meteorological department were employed together with the Weibull 2-parameter distribution and other statistics to carry out monthly, seasonal and whole years’ analyses of the sites’ wind profiles for electricity generation. It was found that the whole data spread ranged between 0.9 and 9.1 m/s for the two sites while the 21 years’ average ranged between 3.2 and 5.1 m/s and 2.9 and 4.7 m/s for Shaki and Iseyin sites respectively. Three wind energy conversion systems were employed with the results and it was discovered that, the sites have capacity to generate MWh to GWh of electricity at an average cost/kWh of between € (0.025 and 0.049) and that a turbine with technical parameters of cut-in, cut-out and rated wind speeds of 3.0, 25 and 11.6 m/s is appropriate for the sites.
HUMAN FACTORS in the MARITIME DOMAIN

INTRODUCTION TO MARITIME HUMAN FACTORS History and Development of Maritime Human Factors The Complexity of Commercial Shipping Human Factors Accidents and Human Error The Socio-Technical System Model Conclusion INDIVIDUAL FACTORS: PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS Introduction Human Senses Perception Cognition Behaviour Conclusion Individual and Task Interaction Factors Introduction Work, Rest and Work Rest Cycles Mental Workload Physical Workload Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Anthropometrics and Anatomy General Principles of Workstation Design on Ships Stress Illness, Concerns, Anxiety and Pressures Alcohol Conclusion INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP INTERACTION FACTORS Introduction Communication Social Role and Power The Four Dimensions of Verbal Communication Transaction Analysis Teamwork Conclusion INDIVIDUAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION FACTORS Introduction Noise Vibration Lighting Climatic Conditions Accomodation and Social Factors Ship Motions Physical Environment Standards Conclusion INDIVIDUAL AND TECHNOLOGY INTERACTION FACTORS Introduction The Importance of Human-Machine Interaction in Maritime Safety Types of HMI Problems on Ships Specific Issues in the Design and Integration of Maritime Equipment Crew Responses to Technology Possible Solutions for the Maritime Domain and Further Wprk in this Area Conclusion INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANISATIONAL ENVIRONMENT, SOCIETY AND CULTURE INTERACTION FACTORS Introduction From Individual to Organisational Failure Culture in the Maritime Work Environment Practise Maintenance Failures Conclusion SOME METHODS USED FOR THE COLLECTION OF MARITIME HUMAN FACTORS DATA Introduction Why Collect Human Factors Data? An Introduction to Maritime Human Factors Methods Application of Data Acquisition and Analysis Techniques to Key Human Factors Issues Cost-Benefit Analysis and Human Factors Conclusions THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN MARITIME HUMAN FACTORS Future Trends in Maritime Human Factors REFERENCES GLOSSARY
Design and development of Thyristor based MLCR CSC

The new concept of Multi-Level Current Reinjection (MLCR) combines the advantages of DC ripple reinjection, multi-level conversion and soft-switching technique. Taking advantage of the soft-switching technique which uses zero current switching for the main bridge switches, thyristor based MLCR current source converter (CSC) is proposed. This concept adds selfcommutation capability to thyristors and produces high quality line current waveforms. Various thyristor based MLCR CSC topologies have been simulated extensively using PSCAD/EMTDC in this thesis and their performance characteristics investigated. Questions have been raised about the ability to force the main thyristors off using the reinjection bridge in a real-world implementation, where there are inevitable stray capacitances and inductances which may influence the thyristor turn-off; and simulation switching models may not represent the switching characteristics fully or accurately. For this proof of concept, a smallscale prototype has been built in the laboratory. The 3-level MLCR CSC, which increases the pulse number from 12 to 24, is chosen to verify the concept. The experimental investigation of the 3-level MLCR CSC, under steady-state conditions, verified the following: • The reinjection current allows the main bridge thyristors to be switched at negative firing angles. • This current reinjection technique allows self-commutation capability in a practical system despite the finite turn-off times of the thyristor. • This current reinjection technique improves the harmonic characteristics of the thyristor based converter. • It is observed that the deviation of the actual waveforms from the theoretical waveforms is mainly due to the snubber across the reinjection switch, and a trade-off in the choice of snubber components is required.
Magnetic field measurements and calculations with 20 kV underground power cables

Magnetic fields from power systems have been studied extensively due to possible health risks. Another reason is disturbances caused by magnetic fields. Power cables are generally used in central areas, but they have not been studied as much as other field sources. In this study the aim was to measure and calculate with different commercial calculation programs the magnetic field from 20 kV underground power cables. The programs used here calculate magnetic field with the Finite Element Method (2D-FEM) and an analytical method. The analytical method is accurate in simple cases. When there are induced earth currents in the soil, the analytical method may produce a small difference. The magnetic field was also measured, and these results were used to analyze the accuracy of calculations. The sensitivity and suitability ofthe methods were studied by comparing the results to other calculation results and measurements. During the magnetic field measurements, the load currents were obtained from the control room. The cables were located with the charts of the distribution network owner. The effect of different soil types on magnetic fields was also studied. The highest value of all measurements was 1.5 μT at ground level. The calculated results of both programs were close to each other. The difference between measured values and calculated results seems to come from the installation depth. The soil did not have a significant effect on the results.
Dynamic analysis of dynamic cone penetration test for subgrade compaction assessment

Kim, Hobi. Ph.D., Purdue University, December, 2014. Dynamic Analysis of Dynamic Cone Penetration Test for Subgrade Compaction Assessment. Major Professor: Monica Prezzi. In practice, soil compaction quality assessment relies on the determination of the in-place compacted dry unit weight, which is then compared with the maximum dry unit weight obtained from a laboratory compaction test. Most DOTs typically require that the inplace dry unit weight for compacted soil be over 95% of the laboratory maximum dry unit weight obtained from Standard Proctor compaction test results. Nuclear gauges may be used to determine the in-place dry unit weight, however, they are potentially hazardous and require safety precautions. Other tests, such as the Dynamic Cone Penetration Test (DCPT), can be used for soil compaction quality assessment. The main objectives of this research were to develop criteria for soil compaction quality assessment for different soils based on DCPT results. A number of DCPTs were performed on Indiana road sites, in a test pit, and in the soil test chamber at Purdue University. Since soil compaction varies spatially, a statistical approach was applied to the test measurements in the development of the criteria for soil compaction quality control. Based on the results of DCP tests performed on INDOT road sites and the requirement that the in-place dry unit weight of the fill material be over 95% of the laboratory maximum dry unit weight obtained from standard Proctor compaction tests,
Screentime in primary school children and its associations: a cross sectional study

Background: With the advent of new screen technologies, childhood is increasingly being enveloped into a digital world. Parents find it difficult to limit the screen time in children. Although children may benefit from the educational potential of interactive media, there is growing concern about their overuse during the crucial period of rapid brain development. The objective of the study was to assess screen time in primary school children and its association with child behavior and language development.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1200, primary school children aged 4 to 12 years in Kannur district in North Kerala, India, from September 2019 to March 2020. Pre-structured questionnaires were distributed to parents to assess the total screen time in children and its associations. Behavioral problems were assessed based on Strength and difficulty questionnaire (SDQ). Language and speech problems were assessed using the Language Evaluation and Screening Tool (LEST 3 to 6 years). Results: Majority of the children (69.4%) had screen time between 2 to 4 hours. Screen time was higher among boys, children belonging to joint families and children having low parental education. There was statistically significant association between behavioral problem and screen time. Language development was reported to be delayed with a statistically significant association with the increased electronic screen use. Visual problems were also found to be more with the increase in screen time.Conclusions: Screen use is on the rise in young children and it adversely affect their behaviour and language development. Limiting screen time and improving the quality of the screen content for a child’s overall development is the need of the hour.
Role Of Selected Fimbrial Adheins In Pathogenesis Of Acid-Induced Eneterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli 0157:H7

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) 0157:H7 is a food-borne pathogen that causes hemolytic uremic syndrome and hemorrhagic colitis. The mechanisms underlying the adhesion of EHEC 0157:H7 to intestinal epithelial cells are not well understood. Like other food-borne pathogens, ECEC 0157:H7 must survive the acid stress of the gastric juice in the stomach and short chain fatty acid in the intestine in order to colonize the large intestine. We have found that acid stress and short chain fatty acid stress significantly enhance host-adhesion of EHEC 0157:H7 and also upregulates expression of EHEC fimbrial genes, lpfA1, lpfA2 and yagZ, as demonstrated by our DNA microarray. We now report that disruption of the yagZ (also known as the E. coli common pilus A) gene results in loss of the acid-induced and short chain fatty acid-induced adhesion increase seen for the wild type strain. When the yagZ mutant is complemented with yagZ, the sress-induced and short chain fatty acid-induced adhesion increase seen for the wild type strain. When the yagZ mutant is complemented with yagZ, the stress-induced adhesion pehnotype is restored, confirming the role of yagZ in the acid as well as short chain fatty acid induced adhesion to HEp-2 cells. On the other hand, neither disruption in the long polar fimbria genes lpfA1 or lpfA2 in the wild type showed any effect in adherence to HEp-2 cells; rather displaying a hyperadherant phenotype to HEp-2 cells after acid-induced or short chain fatty acid-induced stress. The results also indicate that acid or short chain fatty acid stress, which is a part of the host's natural defense mechanism against pathogens, may regulate virulence factors resulting in enhanced bacteria-host attachment during colonization in the human or bovine host.