Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of the heat treatment of steel using neural networks

Heat treatments are used to develop the required mechanical properties in a range of alloy steels. The typical process involves a hardening stage (including a quench) and a tempering stage. The variation in mechanical properties achieved is influenced by a large number of parameters including tempering temperature, alloying elements added to the cast, quench media and product geometry, along with measurement and process errors. The project aim was to predict the mechanical properties, such as Ultimate Tensile Strength, Proof Stress, Impact Energy, Reduction of Area and Elongation, that would be obtained from the treatment for a wide range of steel types. The project initially investigated a number of data modelling techniques, however, the neural network technique was found to provide the best modelling accuracy, particularly when the data set of heat treatment examples was expanded to include an increased variety of examples. The total data collected through the project comprised over 6000 heat treatment examples, drawn from 6 sites. Having defined a target modelling accuracy, a variety of modelling and data decomposition techniques were employed to try and cope with an uneven data distribution between variables, which encompassed nonlinearity and complex interactions. Having not reached the target accuracy required the quality of the data set was brought into question and a structured procedure for improving data quality was developed using a combination of existing and novel techniques. IV The stability of model predictions was then further improved through the use of an ensemble approach, where multiple networks contribute to each predicted data point. This technique also had the advantage of enabling the reliability of a given prediction to be indicated. Methods of extracting information from the model were then investigated, and a graphical user interface was developed to enable industrial evaluation of the modelling technique. This led to further improvements enabling a user to be provided with an indication of prediction reliability, which is particularly important in an industrial situation. Application areas of the models developed were then demonstrated together with a genetic algorithm optimisation technique, which demonstrates that automatic alloy design under optimal constraints can now be performed.
Seasonal variations in growth, alginic acid and mannitol contents of Sargassum wightii and Turbinaria conoides from the Gulf of Mannar, India

Seasonal variations in growth, alginic acid and mannitol contents of Sargassum wightii and Turbinaria conoides growing in the Gulf of Mannar near Mandapam have been followed for a period of two and a half years from August 1965 to J a n u a r ~ 1'308. 3Iarl;ed seasonal changes occur in the growth of these two brown algae with a slow growth in the population up to July or -1ugust and a rapid growth from October to December when reproductive receptacles were noticed in both the species. Results obtained on the alginic acid and mannitol contents indicate that these two carbohydrates vary with tile seasonal growth behaviour of the two brown algae investigated. Yield of alginic acid is high during the peak growth and fruiting periods, Mannitol content is at its maximum in the early stages of the growth cycle from May to August and minimum after the initiation of the reproductive receptacles.
Molecular characterization of pea for resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv pisi.

One hundred and ten pea (Pisum sativum L.) germplasm lines were screened under artificial disease conditions for their resistance against Pseudomonas syringe pv pisi, the cause of bacterial blight disease. Different strains corresponding to the two races of P. syringae pv pisi (race 2 and 3) were used for inoculation. The race 2 showed more virulence behaviour than race 3 on pea. Thirty pea lines (27.3%) were found resistant to race 2, while 49 lines (44.5%) to that of race 3. Twenty pea lines were selected among the genetic stock for Simple Sequences Repeat (SSR) analysis. Based on SSR analysis, two major groups A and B were identified. In the group A, there were four genotypes viz. ATC909, ATC613, ATC912 and ATC1641, whereas all other genotypes were placed in group B. The resistant genotypes reported in the present study are suggested for used in breeding program to develop disease resistant pea cultivars. © 2013 Friends Science Publishers
Mutation Pattern in Beta Thalassaemia Trait Population: A Basis for Prenatal Diagnosis

A total of 100 Bangladeshi beta thalassaemia carrier subjects were analysed by allele specific primers using Amplification Refractory Mutation System – Polymerase Chain Reaction. Among these, four common mutations were found in 90 cases (90.0%), five less common mutations in 9 cases (9.0%) and a rare mutation in 1 case (1.0%). Among the four common mutations, IVS1-5 (G-C) was the most common beta thalassaemia mutation and found in 63.0% cases, followed by Cd 30 (G-C) in 18.0%, Fr 8/9 (+G) in 5.0% and Fr 41/42 (-TTCT) in 4.0% respectively. Among the five less common mutations, Cd16 (-C) was found in 3.0%, -90 (C-T) and IVS1-130 (G-C) were seen in 2.0% each and remaining Cd15 (-T) and Cd15 (G-A) were detected in 1.0% each. The rare mutation was -29 (A-G), observed in one case (1.0%). With the application of this knowledge, it will help us for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counselling in Bangladesh for prevention of the disease.
Effects of Intra-Dialysis Resistance Training in Hemodynamic Parameters, Oxidative Stress and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Purpose: Chronic kidney disease is a public health problem that causes severe complications to the patient. The major damage is the loss of muscle mass, with a consequent reduction in the functional capacity that is associated with hypertension and increased oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intra-dialysis resistance training on the hemodynamic parameters, oxidative stress and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: The volunteers underwent a physical training during the hemodialysis sessions. The hemodynamic parameters, oxidative stress, the quality of life, the functional autonomy and one repetition maximum (1 RM) were evaluated. Results: The data did not show alterations in the hemodynamic parameters, nitric oxide or lipid peroxidation after 12 weeks of resistance training. We observed significant differences in the quality of life in the following dimensions of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SFTM) questionnaire after 12 weeks of resistance training: Functional capacity, physical aspects, vitality, social and emotional aspects and mental health (P < 0.05). The time needed to execute the functional autonomy test was improved after the resistance training, and strength was increased significantly in all the exercises, as assessed by the 1 RM test (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, after 12 weeks, the intra-dialysis resistance training did not modify the hemodynamic parameters neither the oxidative stress profile of these patients, but improved their quality of life. These data show that intra-dialysis resistance training is safe and can provide many physical and emotional benefits to chronic kidney disease patients.
Effects of Cognitive Functioning on Diabetes Self-Care in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The present investigation comprised exploratory prospective and retrospective studies of the relationships between cognitive functioning, Diabetes Self-Management Behaviour (DSMB) completion, and diabetes-related and general Quality of Life (QoL). A prospective study explored the relationships among these variables in a sample of 26 adults over the age of 40 with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Measures used included validated neuropsychological tests assessing multiple cognitive domains and abilities, three self-report measures of DSMB, and the Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL). Increased performance on a phonemic verbal fluency task was significantly related to better DSMB behaviour completion (r = .577, p = .002, r2 = .333). There were many significant relationships between a self-report measure of executive functioning and DSMB completion. Processing speed and objective and self-report measures of executive functioning correlated significantly with general QoL. An archival study investigated these relationships using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) assessed cognitive functioning, and measures of DSMB completion and impact of diabetes on life from the 2003 HRS diabetes survey were used to assess DSMB completion and QoL outcome variables in a sample of 776 community dwelling adults with T2DM. Cognitive functioning as measured by the TICS did not account for significantly more variance and did not significantly predict DSMB completion over and above demographic and health-related variables for any of the domains of DSMB completion. Cognitive functioning and a total score of difficulty with DSMB completion accounted for significantly more variance in diabetes impact over and above demographic and health-related variables when A1C was (F(2, 503) = 9.846, p
Mifepristone and Misoprostol vs Misoprostol Alone in Second Trimester Termination of Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Introduction During the last decade, medical methods for second trimester abortion have considerably improved and become safe and more accessible. The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol is now an established and highly effective method for second trimester abortion. But where mifepristone is not available or affordable, misoprostol alone has also been shown to be effective. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of mifepristone with misoprostol and misoprostol alone for second trimester termination of pregnancy. Methods It is a comparative study conducted on 60 patients from 13 to 18 weeks of gestation admitted for second trimester termination on legal indications. Results Mean induction abortion interval was comparable in both the groups. Of the 30 cases in each group, nine cases in each Group A and six cases in Group B had incomplete/failed expulsion. Among these 15 cases, only nine required check curettage for complete evacuation while others received oxytocics only for completion. The distribution of these cases was also comparable in both the groups. Only one patient in Group B had complete failure of expulsion and underwent surgical evacuation. However, the difference in dosage of misoprostol required for complete expulsion and incidence of side effects were significantly higher in the group B. Conclusions Mifepristone and misoprostol combined together is now an established, highly effective and safe method for medical method of second trimester termination. However, when mifepristone is not available or affordable, misoprostol alone can also be used effectively, although a higher total dose is needed and side effects are higher than with the combined regimen.
Hubungan Faktor Genetik dan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Diabetes Mellitus pada Lansia

Kejadian diabetes mellitus di Indonesia 7,6 juta jiwa penderita diabetes mellitus , Sumatera Barat urutan ke 3 yaitu 1,5% dan 0,4%. dari survei awal pada RW 1X dan X Kelurahan Surau Gadang didapatkan 8 dari 10 lansia menderita diabetes mellitus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diabetes mellitus pada lansia. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional . Penelitian di Posyandu Lansia RW 1X dan X Kelurahan Surau Gadang bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2015. Pengumpulan data tanggal 30 Juli sampai 06 Agustus 2015. Populasi berjumlah 78 lansia dan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling . Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan komputerisasi. Analisa data digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan bivariat . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (57,7%) lansia mengalami diabetes mellitus , (52,6%) faktor genetik, (53,8%) pola makan tidak teratur, (59%). Uji Chi-Square disimpulkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor genetik (p = 0,000) pola makan (p = 0,000). Diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi kader – kader kesehatan mengenai pentingnya faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diabetes mellitus pada lansia. Pencegahan diabetes mellitus dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan memperbaiki pola makan. Kata Kunci : Diabetes mellitus , faktor genetik, pola makan.
Morphometric Structuring of the Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L.) in the Black, Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean Seas

The status of populations of anchovies in Turkish terrestrial waters was preliminarily investigated using morphometric characters with the truss network system. Samples were taken from the main fishing areas of each sea, comprising the central (Sinop) and eastern (Trabzon) Black Sea, the Aegean Sea (Izmir) and the eastern Mediterranean (Iskenderun). Plotting discriminant functions 1 and 2, explaining 93% of between-group variability, revealed a high degree of dissimilarity among the anchovy samples, indicating that the anchovies in each sea represent different aggregations. The overall random assignment of individuals into their original group was high (80%). Pairwise comparisons using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed highly significant differences between all the samples (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences with varying degrees between the means of the 4 samples for 16 out of 25 standardized morphometric measurements. Principal components analysis (PCA) indicated that the observed differences were mainly from the measurements taken from the head.
FACTS AND ARTEFACTS IN NEST-BOX STUDIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR STUDIES OF BIRDS OF PREY

Ornithologists have exploited the fact that a number of hole-nesting birds readily breed in nest boxes. Boxes are artificial environments which often reduce the negative effects of nest predation and ectoparasitism, and nest boxes are frequently provided at unnaturally high densities. These aspects of nest-box studies may have important implications for the interpretation of current knowledge of the life history, population dynamics, and ecology of birds because much of the information is derived from nest-box studies. I review the consequences of nest-box studies for the inferences which can be made on bird biology in general and raptor biology in particular. Finally, I suggest ways in which the results obtained from nest boxes can be generalized by quantifying the bias of nest-box studies as compared to studies of the same species breeding in natural cavities.
Selection of oat lines for use in low-productivity environments

Culfcivars for use in low-productivity environments (LPE) can be selected directly in LPE or indirectly in mediumor high-productivity environments (MPE or HPE, respectively). The best productivity level at which to select oat genotypes for use in LPE was predicted for a popula­ tion of 116 random oat lines tested in replicated yield trials in 36 Iowa environments. The 36 trials were classified as LPE, MPE, or HPE, and grain yield at each productivity level was considered a separate charac2 ter. Heritabilities (H ) of grain yield within and genetic correlations (r^) among productivity levels were used to predict expected response in 2 LPE to selection in LPE, MPE, and HPE. H was highest in HPE, but r^ between yield in LPE and HPE was only 0.59. For 10% selection based on genotype means in 2 or 4 two-replicate yield trials, the greatest yield gain in LPE was predicted to result from selection in MPE. For selection in 12 six-replicate trials, the greatest yield gain in LPE was predicted to result from direct selection in LPE. These results show that selection in HPE is not necessarily optimum when genotypes are destined for use in LPE. Additional index words; Avena sativa L. , genotype by environment interaction, genetic correlation, stress environments, selection, effect of replication.
Studying Forwarding Differences in European Mobile Broadband with a Net Neutrality Perspective

Availability of deep packet inspection methods and systems allows network operators to classify traffic on the base of the application type. Once classified, traffic may be subject to artificial bandwidth limitations (e.g. in case of resourcedemanding applications) or to class-dependent forwarding policies (e.g. to divert the traffic generated by specific applications on low-priority links). In this paper we describe a method that can be useful to detect the presence of class-dependent forwarding policies. The method is based on traceroute-like mechanisms embedded within the normal communication flow of an application. The method is contextualized in a study about the neutrality of mobile network operators, to understand if a correlation can be found between the presence of class-dependent forwarding strategies and limitations of bandwidth.
Predictive biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis

Being a very heterogeneous disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is challenging for treatment. On a group level, some therapy options might be superior compared with others, however, this does not mutually exclude the less effective option to be more suitable for some patients, if the superior therapy option does not help. In different patients the concentration of biomarkers may vary dramatically, however, translation of meaning of these variations for each patient is not feasible yet. Observations and comparisons of these biomarkers before start of therapy between patient groups with different outcome after therapy can help to understand their role and make individualised approach for the therapy choice. Low or moderate levels of a multi-biomarker disease activity (MBDA) score measured at baseline or follow-up visits could identify RA patients at very low risk of radiographic progression (RP). Moreover, in patients with high MBDA score at the start of treatment escalation, those on infliximab+methotrexate (IFX+MTX) therapy had significantly less RP than patients on non-biological triple therapy (TT) (papers I and II). In treatment-naive, early RA, patients who failed respond to MTX were randomized to IFX+MTX or non-biological TT. The categories of the MBDA score at the time of randomisation were differentially associated with treatment outcome after 1 year for these two therapies. Patients with low MBDA score benefited more from TT, while those with high MBDA score responded better to IFX (paper III). Furthermore, when the 12 component biomarkers of the MBDA score were analysed at baseline, four of those (paper IV) as well as two of 177 proteins retrieved from an affinity proteomic study (paper V) were associated with treatment outcome: low disease activity (LDA) and EULAR good response after 3 months of MTX therapy. Combination of these biomarkers within each study also showed improved prediction of treatment outcome. In patients failing on MTX monotherapy who were randomised to addition of biological TNF inhibitor IFX, very low serum IFX (sIFX) level and anti-drug antibody (ADA)-positivity were associated with poorer outcome. Among baseline parameters, female gender predicted very low sIFX level and ADA-positivity at follow-ups, with similar trend for RF-positivity (paper
A control approach to scheduling flexibly configurable jobs with dynamic structural-logical constraints

Abstract We study the problem of scheduling in manufacturing environments which are dynamically reconfigurable for supporting highly flexible individual operation compositions of the jobs. We show that such production environments yield the simultaneous process design and operation sequencing with dynamically changing hybrid structural-logical constraints. We conceptualize a model to schedule jobs in such environments when the structural-logical constraints are changing dynamically and offer a design framework of algorithmic development to obtain a tractable solution analytically within the proven axiomatic of the optimal control and mathematical optimization. We further develop an algorithm to simultaneously determine the process design and operation sequencing. The algorithm is decomposition-based and leads to an approximate solution of the underlying optimization problem that is modeled by optimal control. We theoretically analyze the algorithmic complexity and apply this approach on an illustrative example. The findings suggest that our approach can be of value for modeling problems with a simultaneous process design and operation sequencing when the structural and logical constraints are dynamic and interconnected. Utilizing the outcomes of this research could also support the analysis of processing dynamics during the operations execution.
A CyberGIS Approach to Spatiotemporally Explicit Uncertainty and Global Sensitivity Analysis for Agent-Based Modeling of Vector-Borne Disease Transmission

Although agent-based models (ABMs) provide an effective means for investigating complex interactions between heterogeneous agents and their environment, they might hinder an improved understanding of phenomena being modeled due to inherent challenges associated with uncertainty in model parameters. This study uses uncertainty analysis and global sensitivity analysis (UA-GSA) to examine the effects of such uncertainty on model outputs. The statistics used in UA-GSA, however, are likely to be affected by the modifiable areal unit problem. Therefore, to examine the scale-varying effects of model inputs, UA-GSA needs to be performed at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Unfortunately, performing comprehensive UA-GSA comes with considerable computational cost. In this article, our cyberGIS-enabled spatiotemporally explicit UA-GSA approach helps to not only resolve the computational burden but also measure dynamic associations between model inputs and outputs. A set of computational and modeling experiments shows that input factors have scale-dependent impacts on modeling output variability. In other words, most of the input factors have relatively large impacts in a certain region but might not influence outcomes in other regions. Furthermore, our spatiotemporally explicit UA-GSA approach sheds light on the effects of input factors on modeling outcomes that are particularly spatially and temporally clustered, such as the occurrence of communicable disease transmission.
Differential Effects of Anti–β2-Glycoprotein I Antibodies on Endothelial Cells and on the Manifestations of Experimental Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Background—The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) entails a prothrombotic state associated with the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL). aCL were shown to promote endothelial cell and platelet activation and to induce an APS-like syndrome in mice when administered intravenously. Recent data suggest that aCL target the plasma cofactor β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) rather than negatively charged phospholipids. However, it has not been determined whether different epitope-specific anti-β2GPI antibodies obtained from one patient possess pathogenic properties. Methods and Results—Three β2GPI-binding IgM monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (ILA-1, ILA-3, and ILA-4) were cloned from a patient with APS. The three antibodies were shown to bind β2GPI immobilized on irradiated plates, yet only ILA-1 bound β2GPI coated onto nonirradiated plates. Furthermore, when using the anti-β2GPI enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ILA-1 was the only mAb inhibited by fluid phase β2GPI. ILA-1 and ILA-3, but not ILA-4, induced adherence .