Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perturbation of Urbanization to Earth's Surface Energy Balance

Urbanization, one of the most dramatic forms of land conversion, modifies local climatic environments and threatens human life and health. Here we use the space‐for‐time approach combined with satellite data to quantify the potential perturbation of surface energy balance and land surface temperature (LST) caused by urbanization at global scale. We estimate that collectively +2.4°C, +0.9°C, and +1.7°C potential changes for annual daytime, nighttime, and mean LST could be triggered when land surface converted from natural area to urban use, due primarily to the decline of latent heat during months from April to October (−23.9–−3.2 W m−2), and the reduced sensible heat and ground heat storage in other months (−5.2–−2.4 W m−2). Urbanization perturbation to surface energy balance and temperature exhibit conspicuous spatial heterogeneity (i.e., varying with latitude and climate zones) and temporal asymmetries (i.e., diurnal and seasonal: strong in summer daytime and weak in winter nighttime). These spatial‐temporal variations are interrelated closely with local background climate‐vegetation regimes, as indicated by strong correlations between urbanization perturbation to surface biophysical effects and precipitation, temperature, vegetation index across regions and months. Our findings provide empirical evidence that biophysical mechanisms of urbanization need to be considered in predicting future trajectories of climate change and local susceptibility of surface energy balance should be accounted for when evaluating urbanization effects and mitigating urban heat.
The Impact of Project Performance on Customer Satisfaction

Introduction Project management performance, which means the overall capability of the performing project team to deliver the project to satisfy the customer’s requirements, has always been considered as one major key in achieving customer satisfaction, especially in a business-to-business organizational relationship. In this research, the researchers tried to find out how project performance actually impacts upon customer satisfaction. The project performance consisted of variables project scope management performance, project schedule management performance, project cost management performance, project human resource management performance, project risk management performance, project quality management performance, project communication management performance and project stakeholders management performance. Method. This research used quantitative approach. Data is collected through questionnaire distribution to companies in Jakarta and Bandung. Samples are respondent’s representative of companies, hold managerial position or decision maker. From around 400 distrubuted questionnaire, this researched managed to collect 112 valid response from 112 companies. Data is analyzed its validity and reliability and hypotheses testing employ regression analysis with SPSS software. Findings The research found that, In Indonesia, especially for the private sectors (93% of the respondents came from the private sectors, and only 7% come from public sectors), only four variables, which were project schedule, cost, human resources and risk management performance that significantly affected customer satisfaction. When the researcher interviewed 20 of the respondents most of them were the upper management in their organization, and most of them agreed on these findings. One of the most acknowledged reason for this is because most of the projects in the respondents’ projects were triggered by senior management decisions rather than fulfilling the organizations’ needs or the project deliverables’ users. These users were the ones who actually would use the project deliverables either in the form of products, applications, SOPs or even services. It was a very interesting finding, that many organizations actually conducted projects without actually needing the project’s outcomes. An organization should create a project to support its program, portfolio, vision and mission.
Estimation Genetic Stability of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes in Sallahaddin Governorate

A field experiment was Carried out at two Locations (First: Field Crops station research \ Collage of agriculture \ university of Tikrit) and The Second in the agricultural Farm in AL-Houaish District of Salahaddin Province during 2017-2018 winter season to study the stability of some Faba bean genotypes (po6-oo1FB/FL, PO6-OO3FB/FL, PO6-OO5FB/FL, PO6-OO9FB/FL, PO6-O11FB/FL, PO6-O14FB/FL, Syrian Local 1arge and Aguadolce) introduced from ICARDA. Three distances among plants (20, 30 and 40 cm) was used. Factorial Randomized completely Block Design with–three replications was used. Result Showed that: most studied genotypes can be predicted by using linear function in most traits except protein percentage. (PO6-OO3FB/FL) and (PO6-OO5FB/FL) genotypes were stable ( coefficient of regression nearest to one ) in individual plant seed yield, and number pods.plant−1 and number seeds. pod−1, while (PO6-O11FB/FL) and (PO6-O14FB/FL) were stable in plant height, number pods. Plant−1, 100 seed weight and total seed yield. Therefore, PO6-OO5FB/FL followed by(PO6-O14FB/FL) produced high and stable seed yield also were stable in both in individual and efficiency plant yield and adapted for poor environments which can be regarded as a good stable genotype in Salahaddin Governorate environments.
Effects of Services on Economic Growth in Albania: An ARDL Approach

Using annual data for the period 2000–2018, the study employed an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology to examine the long-run cointegrating relations between service subsectors and economic growth in Albania. Results are presented both for the short run and long run. Findings indicate that the transport sector, communication and financial services have a positive impact on economic growth. However, the manufacturing sector has a negative impact. This confirms Baumol’s theory on cost disease but does not corroborate Kaldor’s theory. Furthermore, agriculture and industry stimulate the Albanian economy whilst expenditure on health have a limited impact. In addition, the Granger causality test indicates a bidirectional causality from transport, communication and financial services to GDP per capita. Lastly, our models are robust to all the conventional battery of tests.
Examining the extent of trademark squatting of NBA athlete names in China

ABSTRACT Research question The development of effective brand protection strategies requires an understanding of the potential threats that brands face from illegal actions. Trademark squatting of transliterated names belonging to well-known celebrities and athletes is perceived by the international business community to be a serious problem in China. Translations are words that have been converted from alphabetic languages into words in character-based languages. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine the phenomena of trademark squatting of foreign athletes’ names and whether that phenomena poses a significant threat to foreign athletes due to the appropriation and bad-faith registration of their transliterated names. Methods A qualitative research approach was employed to detect indicators for both (a) trademark squatting and (b) good faith registrations, which were then applied to trademark registrations for names that matched the transliterations for well-known NBA athletes and the business records for those who registered the marks. Results and Findings 210 registrations (38%) of transliterated names belonging to 55 (57%) of the 96 NBA players included in the study were deemed to include strong indicators of trademark squatting. Implications The prevalence of trademark squatting in China involving the transliterated names of foreign athletes warrants proactive measures by athletes and those who protect and manage their brands. Athletes who compete in contests that are broadcast within China run the risk of losing the rights to their transliterated names to squatters if transliterations are not developed and registered by the athlete.
The nexus between dynamic capabilities and competitive firm performance: the mediating role of open innovation

PurposePrior research has reported the indirect implications of firm's dynamic capabilities on their competitive firm performance. Our attention now turns to open innovation since it has been confirmed to be an influential factor contributing to the superior performance of technological firms. So far there has been little research on assessing the relationship between a firm's dynamic capabilities as an antecedent of the competitive performance of the firm or investigations into the mediating role of open innovation in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the theory of dynamic capabilities, we developed a framework as a way to better understand the role of open innovation, which could then help to better explain the relationship between firms' dynamics capabilities and their competitive firm performance. Based on the empirical data of 465 firms operating in innovative and non-innovative industries, we employed structural equation modelling (SEM) to examine the research hypotheses and the path relationships in the proposed model.FindingsThe SEM analysis revealed that a firm's dynamic capabilities significantly impact its open innovation performance and that open innovation, consequently, impacts the competitive performance of the firm. Moreover, the results show that the path between dynamic capabilities and competitive firm performance is partially mediated through open innovation.Practical implicationsThe findings provide practical implications and draw managerial attention to the importance of: (1) investing in innovation, (2) engaging customers in the innovation process and (3) maintaining innovation management excellence as significant antecedent factors in increasing competitive firm performance.Originality/valueConsidering the lack of empirical research in the literature on the links between dynamic capabilities and open innovation, this paper contributes to the dynamic capabilities and open innovation literature by confirming that open innovation not only mediates the relationship between these two aspects but also strengthens the effect the dynamic capabilities have on competitive firm performance. Besides, due to the significant impact of dynamic capabilities on open innovation, dynamic capabilities might be regarded as an antecedent of open innovation.
Lane Detection of Smart Car based on Deep Learning

Deep learning brings higher accuracy to lane detection, and the speed of the model is becoming faster and faster. The lane detection is regarded as the classification task after image gridding, and a simplified lane structure loss function is proposed, which is more suitable for the car track. The lightweight SqueezeNet is used as the backbone network, and the deep learning model is applied to the intelligent car of raspberry pie. Through the experiment, the real-time detection speed reaches 23FPS, which can complete the task of lane tracking. Compared with traditional methods, deep learning model has better robustness.
Detection of Globodera pallida directly from soil sample using mt-COI region based LAMP assay

Potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis (Golden/yellow) and G. pallida (White), are economically important and relatively specialized pest of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Both the species are being identified based on cyst colour after 55-60 days after planting (DAP) however, after 65 DAP, we cannot differentiate based on cyst colour as both species turns brown. Moreover, the molecular techniques available to detect the PCN at species level is laborious, time consuming and costly. Therefore, development of rapid, accurate and economically cheap technique for detection of PCN at species level from the field is important to device effective management strategies for sustainable potato production. Accordingly, in the first instance, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed to detect G. pallida directly from soil by using the mitochondrial (mt-COI) gene specific primer. The LAMP assay was completed within 60 min at 60 °C isothermal conditions and the primer, efficiently detects the G. pallida without any cross reaction with G. rostochiensis, Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, Heterodera avenae, H. carotae, and Cactodera spp. In analytical sensitivity tests, the assay was able to detect G. pallida with 1000 times less DNA concentration (10 fg/µl) as compared to conventional PCR (10 pg/µl) and the LAMP product was visualized by using SYBR Gold nucleic acid dye and the assay can be highly useful in detection of G. pallida.
GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil from Wild Stachys pubescens Ten. Leaves from Northwest Iran

Abstract The essential oil of Stachys pubescens Ten. leaves growing wild in northwest Iran was examined by GC and GC-MS methods. The yield of total volatiles was 0.06 % (v/w). In all, 17 compounds representing 93.1 % of the oil were identified. The main components of the oil were thymol (35.5 %), linalool (23.7 %) and geraniol (9.0 %). The oil was rich in monoterpenoids, and among them oxygenated monoterpenes (81.0 %) predominated over monoterpene hydrocarbons (9.6%). Comparison of these results with those from previous studies show large differences, suggesting significant environmental influences on oil composition.
Study the genetic variation of KIR genes in patients with HCV in Wasit Province/ Iraq

One of the global public health diseases is the hepatitis C. It is widely distributed and primarily begin with acute infection. Some of them spontaneously clear the virus by their immune system. However, more than half of HCV infected individuals will develop their infection to chronic. No effective vaccine has been discovered against HCV until know. In most patients with 8-12 weeks of all oral drug regimens, direct-acting antiviral treatment will result in a virologic cure. Since the virus targets the immune system, study of KIR genes is involved in this research. Detection on these genes conducted by qPCR technique. This work aimed to detect KIR genotypes in patients with HCV compared with healthy subjects and to find out the effect of each gene as an indicator of the decline or progression of the infection. The results showed BX genotype was more frequent in patients, KIR2DL4 and KIR2DL5 genes were frequent in patients more than in control. However, KIR2DL1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL2, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS4 and KIR2DL5 were significantly frequent in patients with HCV (RNA+). In conclusions; genes of KIR2DL1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL2, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS4 and KIR2DL5 considered as risk factors for persistent and leading to the late infection.
Why Become a PE Teacher? – Motivation, Self-Concept and Implications for Teacher Education

Career choice can be seen as a complex decision-making process. Individual interests and goals, subjective assessment of abilities, as well as external requirements and circumstances play important roles. The PE teacher profession is often seen as a fun profession, without special requirements or burdens – an opportunity to turn a hobby into a profession. PE teacher candidates are confronted with the question of why they want to become PE teachers. The results of the survey highlight the importance of “biographical competence”, which must be seen as an important argument for increased attention to the development of the professional self in the PE teacher training program.
Articulating the effect of Pesticides Use and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The Science of Improving Lives through Decision Impacts

Nothing vast comes into a mortal’s life without a curse. Understanding the impact of pesticide pathways can be complex and multifaceted due to the major food system challenges faced by humanity. Reconfiguring the food system so that everyone has access to a healthy diet while ensuring that the planet's ecology is protected. Many developing countries face serious health and environmental problems caused by the indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides. The incidence of pesticide poisoning is 2-3 people per minute and that about 20,000 workers die from pesticide poisoning each year, most of them in emerging countries (WHO, UNEP). From an environmental point of view, pesticide-contaminated water flows through surface and groundwater, damaging fisheries and freshwater ecosystems. The runoff into the ocean can greatly damage the marine ecology at river entrances and cause the death of large numbers of marine life. The health and environmental hazards of pesticides can be partially averted through education and incentives to curb the trend towards overuse, which is the first step towards achieving the sustainable development goals. But there is also a need for measures to address other important challenges, like poverty alleviation, increasing social equity and inclusion, improving education as while as health care, protecting biodiversity, developing sustainable resource and energy, ensuring water security, and adapting to and mitigating climate change. These interrelated challenges are embodied in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, which is centered on 17 sustainable development goals. Therefore, the management of these solutions to improve ecological and environmental security requires increased dialogue and cooperation among the various public and private sectors. We should harness the power of our emerging technologies and vast human ingenuity to secure a better future for our children. However, it will be difficult to achieve the global goals before 2030. Ahead of the 2019 coronavirus outbreak, progress around the world has been uneven and most areas need more attention. The abrupt emergence of the novel coronavirus has stalled the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals and, in some cases, rolled back decades of progress.
Investigating into the Employment and Income Inequality Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper aims to examine the relationship between employment and income inequality in Sub-Saharan African countries. Even though the region has experienced a decade of positive economic growth, it has the second highest level of income inequality in the world. The drivers of income inequality are quantitatively investigated using data from 1991 to 2015 by the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares technique. The results show that employment, trade and domestic investment reduce income inequality in the region in the long term. Higher trade tends to improve income equality in middle-income countries. Alternatively, domestic investment and trade have more potential to reduce inequality in low-income economies. Controlling corruption is essential in the long run for job creation, irrespective of the development stage of the country. There is thus evidence to show that policies must be oriented to more opportunities of employment, domestic investment, trade and good governance in terms of low corruption.
Effect of the Pruning System and P-Fertilizer on Growth and Productivity of Rosa damascena mill. var.

The genus Rosa, as a perennial floricultural shrub of Rosaceae family, includes 200 species and more than 18000-20000 cultivars (Senapati & Rout, 2008). Damask rose is cultivated commercially worldwide particularly Turkey, Morocco, Bulgaria, Saudi Arabia, Iran, France, China, India and Northern Africa (Tabaei-Aghdaei et al., 2006; Pal, 2013). Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill), is one of the substantial industrial crops cultivated for the high-value of its essential oil around the world (Hassan et al., 2018; Attia et al., 2020). Among rose GETTING the highest flower yield with high-quality volatile oil of Rosa damascena Miller var. trigintipetala Dieck through good agricultural practices is one of the main challenges for oil production. Despite the critical role of pruning and P-fertilizer which strongly improve the flower productivity, their impacts on growth, flower yield, volatile oil and some physiological and biochemical processes are still poorly investigated on damask rose. Thus, in this experiment, two pruning levels i.e. 80 and 100cm from ground level and three rates of P-fertilizer (0, 15 and 30kg P2O5 ha -1, respectively) were examined. The tallest plants were observed in response to the combined treatment of pruning level at 100 cm and P-fertilizer at 30kg ha-1. However application of the same P-fertlizer level with pruning at 80 cm resulted in the highest new shoots number/ hill, flower yield components, oil content, relative water content, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, total soluble sugars, and N, P and K percentages relative to the other treatments. The flower yield was increased by 23.52% when plants pruned at 80cm and fertilized with P at 30kg ha-1 compared to the pruning at 100cm withought P addition. Decreasing pruning level and increasing P-fertilizer enhanced the protein content while reduced the free amino acids content. Conclusevelly, to obtain higher flower yield and volatile oil productivity, pruning damask rose plants at 80cm and P-fetilizet at 30kg ha-1 is recommended.
Evaluation of physiological and psychophysical strain of security guards wearing stab-resistant body armor under a simulated patrol condition

This study aimed to determine the effects of stab-resistant body armor (SRBA) on the physiological and psychophysical strain of security guards. Ten volunteers performed a 50-min treadmill walk at 7.0 km/h in a climate chamber where the ambient temperature and relative humidity were controlled to 40 °C and 40%, respectively. All the participants performed the walk under two experimental conditions: wearing a uniform without (CON) and with armor (SRBA). Several physiological responses (core temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, and oxygen consumption) and psychophysical parameters (thermal sensation vote, thermal comfort vote, ratings of perceived exertion, and clothing and skin wetness) were recorded during the trials. Furthermore, the sweat loss, body heat storage, and physiological strain index (PSI) were calculated based on the measurements. The results indicated no significant difference between the SRBA and CON groups in terms of core temperature, mean skin temperature, heart rate, oxygen consumption, body heat storage, or PSI over time. However, a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two trials was observed in terms of scapula skin temperature (40 and 45 min) and body temperature (0 and 45 min). Moreover, the SRBA (3.5 kg and 17% body area coverage) caused an 11% increase in sweat loss, but a 27% reduction in sweating efficiency. Although the armor caused slight discomfort, wetness, and exertion, no significant difference between the two trials was observed in terms of the psychophysical responses. Therefore, the SRBA imposed negligible physiological and psychophysical strain during the 50-min walk in this case.