Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Gene Polymorphisms rs7903146associationwith Type 2 Diabetic Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women of Iraqi Population

Background: TCF7L2(rs7903146) gene product is a high mobility group box-containing transcription factor implicated in blood glucose homeostasis. Polycystic ovary syndromeis a prevalent reproductive and metabolic disorder with variable phenotypes and an underlying pathophysiology that is still not completely understood. The clinical presentation of polycystic ovary syndrome is widely variable, with complaints encompassing oligomenorrhoea, infertility, obesity, hirsutism, endometrial cancer, and diabetes. The aim of current study was to investigatethe association between Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Gene(rs7903146) polymorphisms with Type 2 diabetic with polycystic ovarian syndrome Women of Iraqi Population. Methods: This study was conducted on 150subjects(50 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, 50 diabetic patients and 50 healthy individuals). Blood glucose concentration and HbA1c were measured in spectral methods using enzymatic measures, C-peptide, insulin measurement by ELISA and measurement of FSH, prolactin and LH by Manifides. The gene rs7903146 (TCF7L2) was described by PCR-ARMS. Results: There was significant elevation of T allele in diabetic polycystic ovarian syndrome compared with controls (32% versus 14%, respectively). Both CT and TT genotypes were significantly increased in patients compared with controls and increased risk (OR 2.2, OR 2.6respectively) and polycystic ovarian syndrome risk with CT genotype (OR 2.6 ). An association was found among CT, TT genotypes, hormonal and biochemical traits in patients. An association was found between two genotypes (CT and TT) with the occurrence of both diabetic polycystic ovarian syndrome and polycystic ovarian syndrome in the Iraqi women. Conclusion: TCF7L2 is associated with T2DM in this Iraqi population. The association is not dependent on a specific T2DM phenotype. Clinical genetic testing for TCF7L2 can help predict the occurrence of T2DM in Iraqi women.
Assessment of Nurses' Performance Regarding the Implementation of Patient Safety Measures in Intensive Care Units

Background: Nursing surveillance is the key to patient safety as nurses can prevent iatrogenic harm and protect patients in intensive care unit( ICU)from medical errors done by others. Role of critical care nurses in patient safety is influenced by the specific requirements of the specialty which need continuous, close monitoring of the patient, dynamic data analysis and anticipation of complications.Aim of the study: to assess nurses' performance regarding implementation of patient safety in the intensive care units through assessing nurses' knowledge and performance regarding implementation of patient safety in the intensive care units.Research design: A descriptive exploratory design was utilized. Methods:Subject include all available nurses working in intensive care units in Damanhur Hospital, 50 nurses from both genders, with different ages, educational levels and years of experience was selected for this study. Data were obtained through two main tools: 1) Self-administered questionnaire tool, 2) observational checklist which divided to, patient unit observational check list and performance nurses observational check list. Results: Nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge and performance. There were statistically significance correlation between nurses knowledge and performance. Knowledge and performance were found to differ significantly in relation to socio-demographic data. Conclusion:More than half of the study nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge and performance regarding implementation of patient safety measures. Recommendations:The hospital should improve ICU safety structure and design andestablishing a protocol to ensure patient safety protocol will be implemented consistently in all ICUs. The study should be replicated on large sample & in different hospitals setting in order to generalize the results.
A Comparison Study of the Smartphone Gaming Control

Digital technologies have changed human behavior, especially the characteristics of products and their functionalities related to interface and interaction. Smartphone users had to accept touchscreen interfaces without sufficient evidence of the effectiveness of these digital interfaces over physical analog interfaces. Moreover, smartphone gaming industries have introduced mobile games with touch-based interfaces that may or may not be effective for game users. This study aims to find empirical evidence for the effectiveness between analog and digital interfaces for smartphone game controls through two usability tests: (a) a pilot study to compare the data values between direct and indirect input control with six participants and (b) a main study to investigate the effects of tap-only afford between digital and analog input control from the results of the pilot study. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to analyze the usability test. A total of 81 participants were enrolled in the main study and divided into two large groups to compare one-handed and two-handed input controls. Nine participants in each group played smartphone games that were based on different input control tasks. This study found that direct touchscreen interaction was more effective for two-handed input control tasks and indirect physical input control was more effective for one-handed input control tasks.
Potential Analysis of Coffee Agritourism in Penggung Village, Nawangan District, Pacitan Regency

Based on the Pacitan Regional Spatial Plan in 2005-2025, Bandar and Nawangan District were designed to become the Agropolitan area. The agriculture and plantation sectors dominate both areas. In Penggung Village, located in Nawangan, almost of the household have a Coffee Plantation. It encourages the emergence of the local coffee product named TopCo. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the environmental characteristics of Penggung Village in Nawangan District of Pacitan Regency in order to develop a coffee agritourism. The method in this research was interview using a questionnaire, which was carried out in qualitative descriptive analysis and observation. The results showed the natural resources in the Penggung village are highly potential compared to other indicators. That is because coffee trees are commonly found in the yard of nearly every village community. But, in order to maintain the sustainability of Coffee plantation, there must be more socialization or training to the community related to the management of good coffee agritourism so that it can support the development of coffee agritourism in Penggung Village, Nawangan District, Pacitan Regency.
CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TIGERNUT (Cyperus esculentus L.) TUBERS

From the obtained results, it can be concluded that tigernut tubers are a good source of oil as well as it contains valuable amounts of crude fibers and minerals such as potassium, phosphorus and magnesium. Chemical and physical properties of tigernut tuber oil were a like to those reported in the literature for different edible oils such as cottonseed, corn, sunflower and olive oils. Tigernut tubers oil has high nutritional value, hence, it contains high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids especially oleic acid and low in linoleic acid, it makes this oil desirable as it is more stable during cooking and frying. It can be recommended to use tigernut tuber oil as safe for human consumption as vegetable edible oils. Also, tigernut flour was evaluated for amino acids content and the results showed that sulfur-containing amino acids gave the minimal score for tigernut flour protein followed by threonine and isoleucine.
Music in the Digital Age: An Analysis of Declining Revenue in the U.S. Recorded Music Industry

Music in the Digital Age: An Analysis of Declining Revenue in the U.S. Recorded Music Industry Ward M. Reesman Director: Dr. Michael Allgrunn, Ph.D. At its height, the U.S. recorded music industry brought in annual revenue of $20 billion. Since the turn of the 21 century, there has been a dramatic decline in recorded music revenue, to a level of $7.6 billion in 2016. What has been the cause of this sharp decline? In this paper, I hypothesize that technological advancement and the rise of music piracy via file-sharing technologies have been the primary instruments of this decline. I find empirical evidence that technological advancement is associated with downward pressure on recorded music revenue but find ambiguous results to the impact of music piracy. I reconcile these findings with a summary of a growing expanse of literature that suggests on net, music piracy has a negative impact on aggregate recorded music revenue, though the literature is inconclusive as to the magnitude of this effect. I conclude with suggestions of future research directions to determine the full effects of digitization on musician and consumer welfare.
Intermolecular interaction energies and magnetic properties of spin-isolated multinuclear CuII complexes.

Dinuclear CuII complexes with 3,5-dinitrobenzoates and 2,2'-bipyridine (2) or 1,10-phenanthroline (3) were synthesized and characterized. A complete energy framework analysis using the HF/3-21G energy model was performed which found that dispersion forces and C-H.O interactions are responsible for the crystal structure features. The magnetic properties of the complexes show a weak magnetic exchange between spins, resulting in low exchange constants of -2.72 (1) cm-1 and -1.10 (1) cm-1 for complexes (2) and (3), respectively. This results from the low overlap between magnetic orbitals induced by 3,5-dinitrobenzoate bridges and the arrangement of the magnetic orbitals. Consequently, the dinuclear complexes (2) and (3) behave as spin-isolated multinuclear CuII species in contrast to the trinuclear complex with similar ligands.
Work Package 2: Change of Behavior

This paper studies split incentives associated with energy efficiency investments in rented properties. We design a multiple price list experiment representing owners’ decisions to replace the central heating appliance, and elicit tenants’ willingness to pay (WTP) for an option that is 30% more energy efficient. We then quantify how tenants’ WTP varies with a set of informational interventions. Our results show that tenants’ baseline WTP is around CHF 450 per year on average (about USD 470), and that information on expected financial savings increases mean WTP by up to 70%. A set of quantile regressions further suggest that information on financial gains induces around 30% of tenants to adjust baseline WTP accordingly, while 20% oppose rent increases and do not respond to information and tenants in the upper tail of the distribution increase their WTP substantially. By contrast, informing tenants about CO2 tax payments has no incremental impact on WTP.
NEUROCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL BRAIN ALTERATIONS AFTER TRAMADOL ADMINISTRATION TO ROTENONE- INDUCED PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN RATS

Objective: Tramadol is favorably used for relief of moderate and severe pain. Over 30% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients experience persistent pain that has a negative impact on their quality of life. However, its physiological effect in such disorder has not been studied. The current study aimed at investigating the neurochemical and histopathological changes resulting from tramadol administration to experimental PD- induced by rotenone in rats. Methodology: Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into 5 equal groups; Group 1(control) received saline p.o and DMSO, s.c. , Group 2(Rotenone) received rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, s.c., every other day for 12 days), Group 3 (Tramadol) received tramadol HCl given p.o. , daily at doses of 20 mg/kg, Group 4 (Rot-Trama 10) PD-induced with rotenone and treated with tramadol HCl, 10 mg/kg, p.o. , daily, Group 5(Rot-Trama 20) PD-induced with rotenone and treated with tramadol HCl, 20 mg/kg, p.o. , daily. Results : PD-induced rats exhibited significantly reduced dopamine (DA) content (- 33.0%), increased serotonin ( 5-HT) content (+ 11.5%), but no change in 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) compared to vehicle-treated counterparts. Rotenone also inhibited both brain paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities and increased brain oxidative stress causing reduced glutathione depletion by 32% and increasing thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitric oxide (NO) by 43% and 81%, respectively. Rotenone caused the appearance of apoptotic neurons with cytoplasmic vacoulations. On the other hand, tramadol -treated control rats showed increased DA (74%), 5-HT (23%), 5-HIAA (50%) contents and decreased serotonin turnover (18.0%) without causing oxidative stress. In rotenone-intoxicated rats, tramadol (10 or 20 mg/kg) increased brain dopamine and at 20 mg/kg increased 5-HT and 5-HIAA. The drug increased PON-1 activity, restored AChE activity and alleviated the changes in lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, increased tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) without changing the histopathological changes caused by rotenone. Conclusion: These results indicate that short-term use of tramadol in an experimentally-induced PD has dual effects that should be carefully weighed. Tramadol decreased oxidative stress and restored normal DA content and AChE activity that can help in PD. However, the drug resulted in increased proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and 5-HT level.
System for the evaluation of malting quality of wheat varieties

A new system for the calculation of malting quality of wheat varieties was designed. The malting parameters affected by a variety more than by a year or a site were used in the system. These parameters include wort viscosity, soluble nitrogen content, free amino nitrogen content, diastatic power, final attenuation of wort, and extract of malt. The system was used to assess the malting quality in 38 wheat varieties. The point value of each parameter was calculated using the regression equations, and the total value of the malting quality of wheat was determined by the modified “superiority measure” method. The results of the assessment of the wheat malting quality showed considerable differences between the varieties. Several varieties exhibited a more pronounced tendency to accumulate nitrogenous substances in grain. Some varieties, even with a slightly higher content of nitrogenous substances, provided above average malt quality. The set included the varieties that exhibited the optimal content of nitrogenous substances in grain, yet they did not give malt of good quality. Spring wheat varieties Alondra, Anabel, and Seance achieved significantly above average malting quality. Dagmar, Evina, Sultan, Rumor, Sailor, and Brokat exhibited slightly above average malting quality. The proposed system for monitoring malting quality of wheat varieties can help find the varieties suitable for the production of quality wheat malt.
Effect of 32 year long-term integrated nutrient management on soil p fractions and availability of phosphorus under sorghum-wheat cropping sequence in vertisol

Study on soil phosphorus (P) fraction is an important aspect in probing the mechanisms of soil P accumulation in farmland and mitigating its losing risk to the environment. We used a sequential extraction method to evaluate the impacts of long-term fertilization and organic manures incorporation on fractions of P of sorghum-wheat sequence in Vertisol. A permanent field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of 32 year long-term integrated nutrient management treatments (control, Inorganics fertilizers only, Inorganics fertilizers + N substituted FYM, WCS, GM and Farmers practices). The P status of the different soil P-fractions (Saloid-P, Fe-P, Al-P, Red-P, Occl-P and Ca-P) were analyzed from 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depths and their correlation with available-P was studied. It was found that a balanced application of 50% RDF + 50% N-FYM gave highest values of P-fractions followed by 50 % RDF + 50 % NGM. However, Ca-P content found to be was decreased in treatments integrating organics and inorganics. The sequential order of dominance of different forms of P were CaP> Red-P>Al-P>Fe-P>Occl-P>Sal-P. The correlation study reveals that soil available-P is significantly influenced by saloid-P fraction under sorghum-wheat in Vertisol. The current investigation suggests the adoption of integrated nutrient management comprising 50 % RDF + 50 % N-FYM helps to circumvent P-deficiency under sorghum-wheat sequence in Vertisol.
Population-Poverty Linkages and Health Consequences: Understanding Global Social Group Inequalities

Population dynamics and determinants of poverty are associated in a way that affects access to resources which influence health. The popular belief often is that population growth causes problems including poverty. Scientific arguments, however, have fairy well established that it is the nature of development, which is important to ensure availability, access and utilization of resources, services and opportunities for different population groups. Population growth is an insufficient explanation for denial of access to resources because development disparities across the globe render different populations exposed to vulnerabilities of varied kinds. Disparities in health between different social groups are the function of the unequal way in which the determinants of health are distributed in society. Beyond its effects on health, inequality has far reaching consequences on social trust and cohesion affecting social institutions; and also on mortality and health outcomes. Factors such as income, employment status, housing, education, social position, and social exclusion have direct and indirect bearings on health over lifetimes. In many countries there is evidence of a social gradient in health, with those in more advantaged positions enjoying generally better health and lower mortality. In India, caste is an important axis on which discrimination and denial occur causing poor health outcomes. In terms of income and social indicators, India is one of the most unequal countries in the world. The present paper endeavours to understand the determinants of disparity among population groups across countries which influence access to health care with special reference to India.
HIV Prevalence and Correlates of NeedleSharing Behavior Among Male Injecting Drugusers in Vietnam

Copyright: © 2016 Thuy TC LE, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Corresponding author: Hyun J LIM, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5E5 Canada, Tel: (306)966-6288; E-mail: hyun.lim@usask.ca
Sterilized Intervention and Optimal Chinese Monetary Policy

China’s central bank had been actively intervening its foreign exchange markets to prevent sharp appreciation of Chinese Yuan. At the same time, “central bank bills”, a type of short-term central bank debt, were issued to absorb the increase of monetary base caused by intervention, which should have effectively neutralized the effects of intervention if money multiplier were invariant. However, both M2 and bank credit had significantly increased during the sterilized intervention period, regardless of monetary base being kept unaffected, implying an increase in money multiplier. We reproduce these facts in a calibrated DSGE model where central bank bills, issued as sterilization tools, are held by banks as liquidity management instruments. As banks’ holdings of central bank bills increase, they hold less excess reserves, leading to a higher money multiplier and expansions of banks’ balance sheets. The same DSGE framework allows us to study the optimal choice of monetary policy instruments given China’s current exchange rate regime. Comparing to open market operation, raising required reserve ratio, which directly freezes the increase in monetary base caused by intervention, can be more effective for stabilizing the economy. When the central bank is allowed to use reserve requirement as an additional policy instrument, the fluctuations in macro-economic variables are significantly reduced. JEL Classification: F31, E51, E52
Flapless Dental Implant Surgery as a Successful Patient Relevant Treatment Option: A 5-Year Retrospective Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation

Background: Dental implants can be done with different surgical protocols. Each surgical protocol has its advantages and disadvantages. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant flapless technique as a successful patient relevant treatment option. Methods: the files of 84 flapless implant patients were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for success and failure. Results: A total of 238 dental implants were done by flapless technique. 224 (~ 94%) flapless dental implants were clinically and radiographically successful through the follow-up period. Fourteen (~ 6%) dental implants showed signs of failure for several reasons upon different time intervals and were analyzed. Conclusions: Minimally invasive flapless dental implants surgery offers a predictable patient focused successful outcome. (198) Yousef AbdElGhaffar, et al. E.D. J. Vol. 65, No. 1 So, despite the advantage of less expected surgical trauma, there is a question about the success rate of flapless surgical protocol. This work was done to answer this question through postoperative evaluation of flapless inserted dental implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS All the files of patients who had dental implants inserted with flapless protocol were retrospectively reviewed by the authors. These files were of patients seen at the out-patient dental clinics of SVU and MUST from January 2013 to November 2018.
University of Southern Denmark Seabird transfer of nutrients and trace elements from the north water polynya to land during the mid-holocene warm period, carey islands, northwest Greenland Outridge,

Seabird guano from large nesting colonies is known to increase trace metal levels in adjacent terrestrial environments today, when global oceans are contaminated with Hg, Cd, and other metals. But the effect of seabird guano in the pre-industrial period has rarely been studied. We used stable C and N isotopic and trace element analyses of a peat core that represents ca. 2000 years of organic matter accumulation to examine the effect on trace elements and nutrients of a seabird colony that existed in northern Baffin Bay during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (ca. 8000 – 5000 yr BP). Although C and N concentrations were typical of those in other peats, isotopic data identified marine organic matter as the main source of N and a minor source of C in the peat and showed that the unknown seabird was a fish-eating species that was summer-resident for the 2000 yr period. Concentrations of Cd, Br, Sr, and Zn in peat were up to an order of magnitude higher than in ombrotrophic (air-fed) bogs elsewhere, whereas Hg and Cu concentrations were similar to those in other peats, suggesting relatively low levels of Hg and Cu in the guano. This surprising result for Hg contrasts with studies on modern seabirds, in which guano markedly increased environmental Hg concentrations. It could be a consequence of Hg concentrations in Arctic marine food webs in the pre-industrial period that were an order of magnitude lower than those of today.