Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC PROCESS AND THE WAYS TO COPE WITH STRESS

In the ongoing pandemic process, there are many changes, uncertainties and differences at every stage of education, as is the case all over the world. While it is an important situation for teachers and students to move forward by accepting this fact, every person in the world has their own responsibilities regarding the current situation. Education and training processes have a very important place in the current pandemic conditions. It is known that doing things that can be done from home during the pandemic is a good method to save lives. At this point, it was seen as inevitable that education should continue from home. All positive and negative situations experienced in this process are important on the psychology of teachers and students in education life. By using technology, getting out of the usual situation and giving education as a teacher and trainer from home and getting education as a student are among the most important factors that create stress. It is best to minimize this stress level and to use the most appropriate methods of coping with stress and to turn this situation into a positive one with the cooperation of teachers and students. In the process, the psychological effects of distance education system on teacher and student have shown differences and similarities according to each level. Active participation of students in their lessons, providing a good learning environment and motivating teachers to their students will reduce the level of negative stress in the process in a psychological sense. At this level of stress, personal responsibility is more important in the distance education system. This study examines the teacher and student psychology related to the pandemic process and the scientific literature on coping with stress, and it is considered important in terms of contributing to the field and guiding the researchers who will work in the field. Key Words: Distance Education, Teacher, Student, Psychology, Stress.
Humble and Kind: Cultural Humility as a Buffer of the Association between Social Dominance Orientation and Prejudice

With the rise of prejudice and discrimination against ethnic and immigrant minorities, strategies to reduce prejudice and discrimination, and to counteract the impact of intolerant, anti-egalitarian ideologies, are needed. Here we focused on cultural humility, i.e., the ability to have a humble and other-oriented approach to others’ cultural backgrounds, resulting from self-examination and critical thinking about structural privileges and inequalities. In this research we proposed that cultural humility might attenuate the effects of intolerant, anti-egalitarian ideologies such as social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) on negative intergroup attitudes and perceptions. In a correlational study conducted in Italy, we found that cultural humility moderated the associations between SDO and prejudice toward immigrants, as well as between SDO and perceptions of threat posed by immigrants. Specifically, the associations of SDO with prejudice and threat were lower among respondents with high cultural humility compared to respondents with low cultural humility. Conversely, cultural humility did not moderate the effects of RWA on prejudice and threat. Findings are discussed considering the motivations underlying prejudice of high-SDO and high-RWA individuals, and proposing cultural humility training to foster positive intergroup relations.
COVID 19: are South African junior doctors prepared for critical care management outside the intensive care unit?

Introduction the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted countries across the globe. Infected individuals will seek aid at various health care facilities. Many patients will recover without requiring specialised treatment. A significant percentage of infected individuals will need critical care management, which will begin in the emergency department, generally staffed by junior doctors. Junior doctors will need to stabilize, triage and manage these patients prior to referral to specialized units. Above and beyond the usual occupational demands that accompany junior doctors in state facilities, this pandemic will thrust further responsibility on them. The objectives were to describe crisis preparedness of junior doctors in the areas of triage decision-making and critical care management, outside the intensive care unit. Methods this is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, utilizing a web-based survey. Junior doctors in South Africa, being doctors in year one or year two of internship and community service, were invited to participate anonymously via various social media platforms. Results: a total of 210 junior doctors across South Africa answered the survey. Junior doctors expressed confidence with knowledge of intubation drugs, to perform intubation and cardiopulmonary arrest resuscitation without supervision. Only 13.3% of respondents expressed comfort with setting and adjusting ventilator settings independently. 57% of participants expressed discomfort with making critical care triage decisions. Ninety-three percent (93%) of participants expressed benefit from a telemedicine intervention. Conclusion junior doctors in South Africa indicate that they are prepared to initiate management of the critically ill patient outside the intensive care unit but remain uncertain in their ability to provide ongoing critical care management. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to prepare junior doctors with the ability to manage critical care triage and management in emergency rooms. Leveraging of the workforce in South Africa may be potentiated by telemedicine interventions.
Factors that Influencing Tourists Revisit Intention

The results of previous research indicate that novelty-seeking through travel is one of the keys to tourist satisfaction. In the context of tourism, destination image and tourist satisfaction are usually used to predict the revisit intention to certain tourist destinations. This research is designed to study the formation of tourist satisfaction and their motivation to return to Pontianak City based on experiences on previous visits. Novelty-seeking, destination image, and quality of culinary experience are proposed to be predictors of tourist satisfaction and intention to return. The results of the study using SEM-PLS show that basically tourist satisfaction and intention to return are determined by the quality of previous travel experiences and the image of tourist destinations. The coefficient of determination of the quality of the tourist’s culinary experience and the image of the destination in the research model is quite small, therefore it is necessary to carry out further research to identify the factors that influence tourist satisfaction and the intention of returning to visit in the context of tourism.
In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract of Vitellaria paradoxa seed (shea seed)

Vitellaria paraodoxa (shea tree) is the source of shea seed from which the well-known shea butter is derived. The methanol extract of shea seed was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities using diclofenac sodium and ascorbic acid as standard respectively in in vitro methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by inhibition of protein denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and erythrocyte membrane stabilization of human red blood cell. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The results showed that methanol extract of V. paradoxa seed at different concentration protects the heat induced protein denaturation with the maximum percentage inhibition of 27% (IC50=303.0 µg/mL, p<0.05) at 500µg/mL compared to the standard drug which induced maximum inhibition of 45% (IC50=261.4 µg/mL, p<0.05) at 500 µg/mL and the control. The percentage inhibition of the methanol extract and standard drug in erythrocyte stabilization assay increased in a concentration dependent manner with maximum inhibitory activity of 96.9% (IC50=31.47 µg/mL, p<0.05) and 95% (IC50=33.89 µg/mL, p<0.05) at 2000 µg/ml respectively, which indicates that methanol extract stabilized erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic induced hemolysis in a blood sample better than the standard drug. The maximum percentage inhibition of methanol extract and standard drug in DPPH assay were found to be at 97% (IC50=8.95 µg/mL, p<0.05) and 98% (IC50=6.72 µg/mL, p<0.05) respectively at 100 µg/ml. The absorbance of the reductive capacities in FRAP assay indicates that the methanol extract has higher reducing potency in a concentration dependent manner. The methanol extract exhibited total antioxidant capacity of 0.25 ± 0.04 µg/(AAE/g) when compared to the standard drug 0.87 ± 0.03 µg/(AAE/g) at highest concentration of 100 µg/ml. For TBARS assay, low absorbance value indicate a high level of inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The maximum percentage inhibition of methanol extract was 97.5 % (IC50=51.79 µg/mL, p<0.05) and ascorbic acid was 99% (IC50=52.30 µg/mL, p<0.05) at concentration of 20 µg/ml. The assay indicates that the methanol extract has higher inhibiting potency in a reverse concentration dependent manner. In conclusion, V. paradoxa seed may possess strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities which could constitute a potential source for development of new therapy.
Crash Patterns in the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Tale of Four Florida Counties

This study investigates the impacts of the noticeable change in mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic with analyzing its impact on the spatiotemporal patterns of crashes in four demographically different counties in Florida. We employed three methods: (1) a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based method to visualize the spatial differences in crash density patterns, (2) a non-parametric method (Kruskal–Wallis) to examine whether the changes in crash densities are statistically significant, and (3) a negative binomial regression-based approach to identify the significant socio-demographic and transportation-related factors contributing to crash count decrease during COVID-19. Results confirm significant differences in crash densities during the pandemic. This may be due to maintaining social distancing protocols and curfew imposement in all four counties regardless of their sociodemographic dissimilarities. Negative binomial regression results reveal that the presence of youth populations in Leon County are highly correlated with the crash count decrease during COVID-19. Moreover, less crash count decrease in Hillsborough County U.S. Census blocks, mostly populated by the elderly, indicate that this certain age group maintained their mobility patterns, even during the pandemic. Findings have the potential to provide critical insights in dealing with safety concerns of the above-mentioned shifts in mobility patterns for demographically different areas.
Platyhelminths Glycoconjugates in Diagnosis and Immune Response of Farm Animals

| Platyhelminths (Flatworm: Neodermata) are a highly varied group of parasites containing several veterinary, biomedical and economic importance. Glycans of platyhelminths are expressed in a varity of carrier molecules including O-and N-linked glycoproteins and glycolipid structures. Their glycans exist in large quantities in the excretory/secretory products and on the parasites surface, these glycans play role in host-parasite interplay. Glycan portions of complex molecules of platyhelminths interact with antigen-presenting cells of the innate immune system, such as interact with specific receptors on dendritic cells leading to modulate host toward T helper 2 immune response for helping parasite survival. The immunomodulatory properties of platyhelminths glycans could be used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The adaptive immune response against them characterized by the production of IgG, IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Anti-glycan antibodies are a common characteristic in platyhelminths infection, detection of these antibodies is widely used for serodiagnosis of platyhelminths infection. The Platyhelminthes glycoproteins and glycolipids are considered immunodiagnostic candidates for serodiagnosis of such infection in different farm animals. The specificity and sensitivity of diagnostic platyhelminths glycans are depending on the structural characterization of these glycans. Hence, the aim of this review will revolve around the application of these glycans for diagnosis of infectious diseases in farm animals. Understand their role in shaping and modulating innate and adaptive host immune responses. Immune modulation of host immune response by these glycans will make these molecules show promise in the fields of diagnosis, treatment of inflammatory and auto immune diseases, and vaccinology.
Petrol Prices and Subjective Well-Being: Longitudinal Data Evidence From China

This paper studies the effects of petrol prices on individuals’ subjective well-being (SWB). Three waves of household data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and petrol prices at the province level are used and ordered probit models are applied. The empirical results show that petrol prices are negatively associated with SWB due to income effects. The findings are robust to alternative independent variable measures and clustered standard errors.
Spatio‐Temporal Analysis of Hypoxia in the Central Basin of Lake Erie of North America

We develop a spatio‐temporal geostatistical interpolation framework to estimate hypoxia extent (dissolved oxygen [DO] concentrations below 2 mg/L) with data from a network of DO loggers. The framework uses empirical orthogonal functions and Bayesian kriging to identify the spatially varying temporal pattern and estimate the distribution of hypoxia, including estimation uncertainty. A prototype web application is also developed in R. The framework is applied to analyze spatio‐temporal dynamics of DO in the central basin of Lake Erie in North America using data sampled from a logger network placed on the lake bottom during the summers of 2014, 2015, and 2016. Cross‐validation results demonstrate that the framework is capable of capturing the dynamic nature of bottom hypoxia over offshore areas, but nearshore areas have poor interpolation performance due to the impacts of complex physical processes such as seiche events. The findings showed that in the central basin, hypoxia started to emerge in early August of 2014, while in 2015 and 2016 hypoxia began in July. The peak hypoxia extent occurred in late September 2014, mid‐August 2015, and early September 2016. The prediction error of the overall spatial extent of hypoxia was as large as 25% of the interpolation area based on current logger deployment. Based on the cross‐validation and interpolation error, we suggest placing more loggers in nearshore areas to reduce prediction error near the margins of the hypoxic zone.
Preliminary Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids for Grain Yield under Temperate Conditions

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal crop after wheat and rice. Improving maize production is considered to be one of the most important strategies for food security in the developing countries. The farmers in Kandi areas usually grow their own saved seed which comprises of composites and landraces due to which maize production in the area suffers due to low productivity. Considering this scenario, a number of hybrids were developed in order to improve yield and productivity in order to enhance their income. Hence evaluating the performance of hybrid maize genotypes in terms of yield in specific agro ecology is very crucial for horizontal expansion. The study was aimed to conduct the preliminary evaluation of 12 maize hybrids to determine their grain yields. The hybrids were ranked according to their superiority in yield over check.
Development of Drums for an Axial Flow Maize Shelling Unit

Shelling drums have an important effect on the performance of machinery used in maize harvesting. This study was aimed to develop axial flow drums for a maize shelling unit. They were 900 mm long and 300 mm in diameter. Comparative maize shelling experiments were carried out with peg-toothed (A), peg-rasp bar-toothed (B), pegrectangular-toothed (C), and disc peg (D) drums with four levels of concave clearance (CC), 15, 20, 25, and 30 mm and three rotor speeds (RS), 6, 10, and 14 m/s. The results showed that the CC had a significant effect on the shelling efficiency (SE) and total losses (TL), while grain breakage (GB) was not significant. Furthermore, no interaction was found between the power requirements (P) and the specific energy consumption (SEC), the SE, and the GB. However, interaction between TL, P, and SEC was found with various drum types and the CC. The RS was found to have a significant effect on the SE, TL, GB, P, and SEC with different drum types. Moreover, the interaction between the drum types and the RS affected shelling at the α=0.05 level. Furthermore, it was found that the Type D drum had higher performance in shelling maize.
Why Do Russian Consumers Prefer Foreign-Made Products and Brands?

Abstract This study’s purpose is four-fold: (1) To test the nomological validity of the X-Scale; (2) To assess the bi-dimensionality of the consumer xenocentrism construct in a new geographical setting; (3) To determine the predictive validity of consumer xenocentrism on the willingness to buy foreign-made products and preferences for foreign brands; and (4) To analyze the relationship between consumer xenocentrism and demographics variables. The conceptualization of this research is based on System Justification Theory and Social Dominance Theory. The study was carried out across Russia employing an online survey. Results support the bi-dimensionality of the X-Scale, and indicate that consumer xenocentrism is negatively related to the consumer disposition of ethnocentrism and positively with cosmopolitanism. The X-scale explains significantly more variance on foreign brand preferences than its related consumer dispositions. In addition, consumer xenocentrism is manifested toward preferences for products and brands coming from developed countries instead of developing or transitional ones. Russian consumers are xenocentric, and the ones significantly scoring higher in this construct are males and those speaking more than one language. These results lead to a discussion of the nature of Russian consumer xenocentrism and its potential managerial implications.
An ocean yet to be discovered: increasing systematic knowledge of Indo-Pacific Okenia Menke, 1830 (Nudibranchia : Goniodorididae)

Abstract. Numerous faunistic and ecological studies have been conducted throughout the Indo-Pacific Ocean to assess its biodiversity. Despite the abundance of research, studies on the species that inhabit the Indo-Pacific are still necessary due to its extent and high species richness. The major species richness of the genus Okenia Menke, 1830 (Nudibranchia, Goniodorididae) is found in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, including 38 of 60 valid species. Nevertheless, this number does not represent the real biodiversity, since at least 20 more species are already reported in field-guides as undescribed species belonging to this genus. The systematics of the genus Okenia are still unclear since it has been the subject of only a few and incomplete studies. In the present paper, we describe five new Okenia species from the coastlines of Japan, Mozambique and Australia: Okenia aurorapapillata sp. nov., Okenia elisae sp. nov., Okenia nakanoae sp. nov., Okenia siderata sp. nov. and Okenia tenuifibrata sp. nov. Moreover, anatomical details not previously described of Okenia atkinsonorum, Okenia barnardi, Okenia cf. echinata, Okenia hallucigenia, Okenia hiroi, Okenia japonica, Okenia pellucida, Okenia pilosa and Okenia rhinorma are provided. New partial sequences of standard markers (COI, 16S rRNA and H3) were obtained and a phylogenetic analysis that included all species with available data was performed.
Aerodynamic Effects Compensation on Multi-Rotor UAVs Based on a Neural Network Control Allocation Approach

This paper shows that the aerodynamic effects can be compensated in a quadrotor system by means of a control allocation approach using neural networks. Thus, the system performance can be improved by replacing the classic allocation matrix, without using the aerodynamic inflow equations directly. The network training is performed offline, which requires low computational power. The target system is a Parrot MAMBO drone whose flight control is composed of PD-PID controllers followed by the proposed neural network control allocation algorithm. Such a quadrotor is particularly susceptible to the aerodynamics effects of interest to this work, because of its small size. We compared the mechanical torques commanded by the flight controller, i.e., the control input, to those actually generated by the actuators and established at the aircraft. It was observed that the proposed neural network was able to closely match them, while the classic allocation matrix could not achieve that. The allocation error was also determined in both cases. Furthermore, the closed-loop performance also improved with the use of the proposed neural network control allocation, as well as the quality of the thrust and torque signals, in which we perceived a much less noisy behavior.
Gross anatomical and morphometrical study of the nasal cavity (cavum nasi) of Egyptian goat (Capra hircus) and Egyptian Baladi dog (Canis lupus)

This study provides sufficient information on the anatomical investigation and the morphometrical analysis of the nasal cavity of Egyptian goat and Egyptian Baladi dog. The sagittal and the cross (transverse) sections at the different levels were performed on twenty heads of those animals. The nasal cavity was typically cone-shape in goat and a slight narrow elongated cone-shape in dog. It was completely divided by the nasal septum in both species except the caudal part of the nasal cavity of goat was partially divided. The nostril of the goat was nearly horizontal slit-like in form, directed ventromedially toward the philtrum. Whereas, the nostril of the dog was somewhat comma-shaped with its wide part directed medially toward the nasal septum. In the sagittal section, the nasal conchae were included in goat and dog, the dorsal nasal concha, the ventral nasal concha, the middle nasal concha and the ethmoidal conchae. The dorsal nasal concha was the longest concha in both animals. In the cross section, the dorsal nasal concha in goat was formed the dorsal conchal sinus at the level of the third premolar teeth and caudally extended into the frontal sinus. The ventral nasal concha was not formed sinus but its spiral lamellae enclosed the recesses. Moreover, the middle conchal sinus was appeared at the level of the first molar teeth. In this section, all the nasal conchae of dog were formed recesses (conchal sinuses absent).