Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possible solubilization of various mineral elements in the rhizosphere of Lupinus albus L

ABSTRACT Lupinus albus L. (lupin) has a high tolerance for phosphorus deficient conditions as its roots can solubilize the unavailable phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil. The roots may also be able to solubilize other elements, but this requires further investigation. In this study, therefore, we conducted two experiments to comprehensively investigate the effects of lupin roots on the mineral dynamics of the rhizosphere soil. First, a mixed cropping experiment was conducted, in which lupin shared a rhizosphere with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) in a long-term experimental field with four fertilizer treatments: complete fertilization (+NPK), without nitrogen (−N), without phosphorus (−P), and without potassium (−K). The results of shoot dry weight of plants cultivated alone indicated that lupin is highly tolerant to all N, P, and K deficiencies, while soybean can adapt to N deficiency with the help of rhizobia but is less tolerant to P and K deficiencies than lupin. When mixed-cropped with lupin, the concentrations of many elements in the soybean leaf increased, particularly with the −N and −P treatments. Furthermore, soybean growth was significantly improved when cropped with lupin in the −N and −P treatments. Second, a comparison of the elemental profiles of hydroponically and field-soil-grown plants was conducted. Under hydroponic conditions, the rhizosphere effect is negligible when the culture medium is well circulated. The lupin/soybean ratios for leaf mineral concentrations were considerably larger in the field cultivated plants when compared with the hydroponic cultivations for elements such as sodium, potassium, cesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, and molybdenum, as there were lower concentrations of these elements in the soybean leaves in the field. These results indicate that lupin roots can solubilize a variety of insoluble elements in the soil, which may be the reason why lupin can adapt to various nutrient deficient soils. In the lupin rhizosphere, the solubilization of cesium, which is generally strongly fixed by soil minerals and not easily leached, was particularly pronounced. This implies that the surface structure of clay minerals might be altered in the lupin rhizosphere, resulting in the fixed forms of various elements becoming available.
Porous Asphalt Pavement Performance in Cold Regions

Local agencies are interested in porous asphalt pavement’s potential for improved water quality and quantity control by allowing direct infiltration through the pavement structure. However, prior research in the seasonally diverse Minnesota climate is lacking. The purpose of this research is to study the durability, maintenance requirements, hydrologic benefits, and environmental considerations of a full-depth porous asphalt pavement, installed on a low-volume roadway in a cold climate. This report includes the design, construction, and performance of two porous asphalt test cells and one dense graded asphalt control cell constructed at MnROAD in 2008. These cells were constructed to evaluate the performance of porous asphalt pavements on a low-volume road in a cold-weather climate. The cells discussed in this report are as follows: full-depth porous asphalt over granular subgrade, full-depth porous asphalt over cohesive subgrade, dense graded hot mix asphalt (HMA) on mixed materials subgrade.
EROSION CONTROL DURING HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION--RESEARCH REPORT

This report describes the research that was conducted as background for the preparation of a manual of recommended procedures for control of erosion during highway construction based on existing information. The report includes adaptation of the universal soil loss equation, originally developed by the Agricultural Research Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, for estimating the water erosion potential and the effectiveness of erosion control measures on highway construction sites; experimental verification of the equation; and results of a limited erosion control product evaluation study. Also included is an equation developed by Chepil and associates for estimating wind erosion. A companion document (NCHRP Report 221) contains detailed procedurs for estimating water and wind soil loss from specific sites under various conditions. The manual describes many measures for control of both water and wind erosion and information that will aid in the selection of measures to meet specific site requirements. Appropriate tables, charts, and of the contiguous United States, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico are included to facilitate use of the procedures. (Author)
FACTORS PREDICTING DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ILLEGAL DRUGS

In the summer of 1998 the Center for Traffic Sciences in Wurzburg (IZVW) conducted a large field study investigating factors affecting driving under the influence of illegal drugs. Researchers interviewed 2,779 drivers visiting Bavarian discotheques (responder rate 90.2%). From this pool, drivers under the influence of illegal drugs as well as drunk and sober drivers were asked to participate in an extensive interview (n = 503, responder rate 60.6%). The analyses revealed that drunk driving (DUI) and driving under the influence of illegal drugs (DUID) share some of the same predictors: a high consumption of the respective substance, a permissive attitude towards driving while intoxicated as well as a permissive attitude within the social network. On the other hand, persons driving under the influence of illegal drugs (especially cannabis) consider their behavior less damnable than persons driving under the influence of alcohol. Therefore, user drivers refrain from driving less often than drunk drivers. Moreover, for the former deterrence variables are less important, and the peer group seems to have less influence. Instead, their decision depends more on personality variables. For the covering abstract see ITRD E106992.
The spatial repeatability of dynamic pavement loads caused by heavy goods vehicles

For some time it has been suspected that the higher–than–average dynamic loads imposed on roads by heavy vehicles cluster at particular positions along a road. This paper presents experimental evidence on the degree of clustering that occurs and indicates the extent to which this increases road wear. The Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) has measured dynamic pavement loads for a variety of vehicles, suspension types and speeds on three sections of the TRL research track. These applied loads have been summed for typically 50–100 different axle passes and the total and mean applied loads at each station along the track calculated. Load concentration points do occur at which the mean load is at least 5% greater than the static load. One section of public road has been instrumented with eight weigh–in–motion sensors at 2.7 metre intervals in each wheel track. These have been used to measure the local loads applied by over 2000 HGV axles. The preliminary analysis of these results suggests that average loads .
The Southeastern Conference Coach: a Correlational Study Between Length of Service and Team Performance.

The primary purpose o f this study was to determine the influence o f selected factors on the length o f employment o f athletic coaches at institutions in the Southeastern Conference. The study used three different populations in addressing the specific objectives o f the study. The first and primary population in the study was defined the head coaches, the second population was defined as all member institutions o f the Southeastern Conference, and the third population consisted o f the individual sports that are supported by each institution and recognized by the Southeastern Conference. The instrument used to collect the data in this study was a recording document in the form o f a spreadsheet. The information was derived from published sport information guides from each member institution, published Southeastern Conference information guides, and the NCAA, SEC, and institutional web sites. The findings o f the study reveal that there is a higher percentage o f male than female head coaches for the selected sports studied. In addition, baseball coaches have the longest tenure o f the selected sports since 1970; and, finally, for all sports studied, the last year winning percentage was not a significant factor on head coach's length o f tenure. Using multiple regression analysis, a significant model was found which explains 24.1% o f the variance in the length o f service for SEC coaches. The three variables that contributed significantly to the model included: overall winning percentage during the coach's employment, the number o f NCAA violations for which
Compliant Mechanisms: Design of Flexure Hinges

Preface INTRODUCTION COMPLIANCE-BASED DESIGN OF FLEXURE HINGES Introduction Generic Mathematical Formulation Single-Axis Flexure Hinges for Two-Dimensional Applications Multiple-Axis Flexure Hinges for Three-Dimensional Applications Two-Axis Flexure Hinges for Three-Dimensional Applications Conclusions STATICS OF FLEXURE-BASED COMPLIANT MECHANISMS Introduction Planar Compliant Mechanisms Spatial Compliant Mechanisms DYNAMICS OF FLEXURE-BASED COMPLIANT MECHANISMS Introduction Elastic Potential Energy for Individual Flexure Hinges Kinetic Energy for Individual Flexure Hinges Free and Forced Response of Flexure-Based Compliant Mechanisms Damping Effects FINITE ELEMENT FORMULATION FOR FLEXURE HINGES AND FLEXURE-BASED COMPLIANT MECHANISMS Introduction Generic Formulation Elemental Matrices for Flexure Hinges Elemental Matrices for Rigid Links Application Example Appendix TOPICS BEYOND THE MINIMAL MODELING APPROACH TO FLEXURE HINGES Large Deformations Buckling Torsion of Noncircular Cross-Section Flexure Hinges Composite Flexure Hinges Thermal Effects Shape Optimization Means of Actuation Fabrication APPLICATIONS OF FLEXURE-BASED COMPLIANT MECHANISMS Macroscale Applications Microscale (MEMS) Applications
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Dietary Intake of U.S. Children Participating in WIC

Recent studies have assessed diet quality of low-income U.S. children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), but differences by race/ethnicity remain unknown. We assessed racial/ethnic disparities in nutrient intake from dietary sources (not supplements) among children participating in WIC, with a focus on priority nutrients and food groups for future WIC food package revisions, as described in a recent report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). We used data from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and multivariable linear regression analysis to evaluate relationships between race/ethnicity and nutrient/food group intake of children participating in WIC. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.4 survey procedures, accounting for the complex survey design of the NHANES. Compared to non-Hispanic White children, Hispanic children had diets with better nutrient distribution and lower dietary energy density, while non-Hispanic Black children had diets with poorer nutrient intake. Hispanic children had higher potassium and fiber intake, and consumed more legumes, while non-Hispanic Black children had lower calcium and vitamin D intake, higher sodium intake, and lower total dairy intake, compared to non-Hispanic White children. These findings can inform WIC nutrition education messages and future food package revisions.
Early Operative Treatment of Acetabular Fractures Does Not Increase Blood Loss: A Retrospective Review.

OBJECTIVES To compare cell salvage volume, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusions, and operative time for acetabular fractures undergoing early (≤ 48 hours from admission) versus delayed fixation (>48 hours from admission). DESIGN Retrospective SETTING:: Level one trauma center. PATIENTS 131 patients with unilateral acetabular fractures involving at least one column. INTERVENTION Open reduction and internal fixation performed through the anterior intrapelvic approach (AIP) or posterior approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Cell salvage (CS) volume, Estimated blood loss (EBL), Intravenous fluids (IVF), intraoperative packed red blood cells (PRBCs), and operative time. RESULTS Early versus delayed fixation through the posterior approach was associated with shorter operative times and less intraoperative PRBCs (140 vs 301 ml, MD -161 ml, 95% CI -25 to -296 ml) with no differences in CS, EBL, or IVF. Early versus delayed fixation through an AIP approach was more common in less severe fracture patterns with no differences in PRBCs, CS, EBL, or IVF. Cell salvage, through either approach, was successful in returning blood to 77% of patients for an average of 267±168 ml (range, 105 to 900 ml). CONCLUSIONS Fixation of acetabular fractures within 48 hours of admission did not increase blood loss or intraoperative transfusions. Cell salvage was successful in returning an average of one unit of blood to a majority of patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level three. Retrospective cohort.
Testing the effectiveness of interactive game bikes on physical activity motivation among parents and young children in the home : a pilot study

Supervisory Committee Dr. Ryan E. Rhodes, Supervisor School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education Dr. Viviene A. Temple, Departmental Member School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education Interactive stationary bikes provide positive affective experiences and physiological benefits; however research has been limited to adults within laboratory settings. Using a randomized, controlled trial design (RCT), this study sought to examine usage of GameBikes (GB) compared to traditional stationary bikes (TSB) among families in the home-setting including the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to understand motivation for use. Parents completed questionnaires after having a ten minute trial with the bike (T1) and then again after six weeks (T2). Usage was tracked by all family members and belief elicitation was performed with GB families following the trial. Repeated measures (RM) ANOVA for frequency of use yielded a large time effect (F5,34 = 3.15, p < .05; η 2 = .32); post-hoc analysis illustrated decrease by TSB (t18 = 3.77, p < .01; d = .89) and GB (t20 = 1.02, p = .32; d = .32). Parents in the GB group increased the proportion of those meeting Health Canada’s Physical Activity guidelines by 33.3% compared to 8.34% for TSB (h = .51). RM ANOVA for affective attitude (AA) of parents yielded large time and intervention effects (F1,22 = 32.73, p < .01, η 2 = .60; F1,22 = 8.54, p = .01, η 2 = .60 respectively). GB (t11 = 6.08, p < .01, d = 1.67) and TSB (t11 = 3.27, p < .01, d = .88) lowered across time; GB experienced higher levels of AA at T1 (t25 = 2.69, p < .01, d = 1.55) and T2 (t22 = 2.58, p < .05, d = 1.39). Elicited beliefs were primarily affectiveand control-based and concerned the equipment and sizing for children. From this study, it is noted that usage decreases less rapidly with the GB than with TSB. Also, differences in AA between groups highlight the importance of AA in PA interventions. This study provides support for the use of interactive video games to augment current PA initiatives with larger scale trials.
BIOSORPTION, ISOTHERM AND KINETIC PROPERTIES OF COMMON TEXTILE DYE BY PHORMIDIUM ANIMALE

In this study, the potential textile dye biosorption capacity of a low-cost biosorbent (P. animale) was tested as functions of pH, biosorbent type, initial dye concentration, temperature, contact time and biosorbent dosage at batch scale level. The optimal conditions are 2, dried biosorbent, 93.16 mg/L, 45 ◦C, 1440 minutes and 4 g/L for pH, biosorbent type, initial dye concentration, temperature, contact time and adsorbent dosage, respectively. Dried P. animale removed 99.66 % of Remazol Black B (RBB). The isotherm and kinetic models were analyzed for biosorption mechanism and characteristic. According to the results, Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic models were compatible with the experimental data obtained for RBB biosorption on algal biosorbent. Also FTIR and elemental analysis were done and resulted that the functional groups on the surface of algae had significant role in biosorption process. The results of this study supported that P. animale is an effective, inexpensive and eco-friendly biosorbent for treatment of textile dye wastewater.
International mergers and aquisitions : a reader

1. Introduction & Overview. 2. 'The Economist Cases: How Mergers Go Wrong. PART I: GROWTH BY M&A. 3. Henry Manne: Merger & Market for Corporate Control. 4. Michael C Jensen: Take-overs: folklore & science. 5. H Donald Hopkins: Cross Border Mergers & Acquisitions, global & regional perspectives. 6. Bruce Kogut: Joint Ventures and the Option to Acquire. 7. Harry G Barkema & Freek Vermeulen: International Expansion through Start-up or Acquisition, a learning perspective. PART II: MOTIVES AND TARGETS. 8. HG Baumann: Merger Theory, Property Rights and the Pattern of US Direct Investment in Canada. 9. Russell W Coff: How Buyers Cope with Uncertainty when Acquiring Firms in Knowledge-Intensive Industries, caveat emptor. 10. Tomi Laamanen: Option Nature of Company Acquisitions Motivated by Competence Acquisiton. 11. Andrew C Inkpen, Anant K Sundaram & Kristin Rockwood: Cross-Border Acquisition of US Technology Assets. PART III: STRATEGIC PLANNING, TACTICS AND VALUATION. 12. Michael Keenan: Valuation Problems in Service Sector Mergers. 13. Harbir Singh & Cynthia A Montgomery: Corporate Acquisition Strategies and Economic Performance. 14. Roland Calori, Michael Lubatkin & Phillipe Very: Control Mechanisms in Cross-Border Acquisitions. 15. Pedro Gonzales, Geraldo M Vasconcellos & Richard J Kish: Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions, the undervaluation hypotheses. PART IV: MERGER PROCESSES. 16. Anthony F Buono, James L Bowditch & John Lewis III: When Cultures Collide, the anatomy of a merger. 17. Piero Morosini, Scott Shane & Harbir Singh: National Cultural Differences and Cross-Border Acquistion Performance. PART V: MANAGERIAL AND SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF MERGERS. 18. John J Siegfried and M Jane Bar Sweeney: The social & Political Consequences of Conglomerate Mergers. 19. Deepak K Datta Organisational Fit and Acquistion Performance, effects of post- acquisition integration. 20. Roland Villinger: Post Acquistion Managerial Learning in Central East Europe. PART VI: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION. 21. Harvard Business Review: Round Table on Making Mergers Succeed. 22. Conclusions.
Handbook of Silicon Semiconductor Metrology

Introduction - silicon semiconductor metrology. Part 1 Transistor fabrication metrology: gate dielectric metrology metrology for ion implantation MOS device characterization carrier illumination characterization of ultra-shallow implants modelling of statistical manufacturing sensitivity and of process control and metrology requirements for a 0.18Mum NMOSFET. Part 2 On-chip interconnect metrology: overview of metrology for on-chip interconnect metrology for on-chip interconnectdielectrics thin film metrology using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering (ISTS) metal interconnect process control using picosecond ultrasonics sheet resistance measurements of interconnect films characterization of low dielectric constantmaterials high resolution profilometry for CMP and etch metrology. Part 3 Lithography metrology: critical dimension metrology in the scanning electron microscope scanned probe microscope dimensional metrology electrical DC metrology and relatedreference materials metrology of image placement scatterometry for semiconductor metrology. Part 4 Defect detection and characterization: unpatterned wafer defect detection particle and defect characterization calibration of particle detectionsystems. Part 5 Sensor based metrology: in-situ metrology. Part 6 Data management: metrology data management and information systems. Part 7 Electrical measurement based statistical metrology: statistical metrology. Part 8 Overviews of key measurement andcalibration technology: physics of optical metrology of silicon based semiconductor devices UV, VUV and extreme UV spectroscopic reflectometry and ellipsometry analysis of thin layer structures by x-ray reflectometry ion beam methods electronmicroscopy based measurement of feature thickness and calibration of reference materials status of lithography at the end of 2000.
TIME SCALE OF SCOUR AROUND A VERTICAL PILE

The time scale of the scour process around a single, vertical pile is studied both in steady current and in waves. An extensive series of tests were carried out in a current flume and in a wave flume with various sizes of circular cross-section piles ranging from 30 mm to 510 mm in the steady current case and from 10 mm to 40 mm in the wave case, using sand.
Strassenprofile: Mobile Messung, prozessgerechte Datenaufbereitung und vollstaendige Bewertung bereiten die Basis fuer eine effektive Simulation / Road profiles: Mobile measurement, data processing for efficient simulation and assessment of road properties

Unter anderem zur Komfortsimulation benoetigt man die Fahrbahnanregung in hoher Aufloesung. Dazu wurde eine Methode entwickelt, Komfort-Teststrecken im fahrenden Fahrzeug im Raster von einem Quadratzentimeter sehr genau mit Hilfe eines Lichtschnittverfahrens zu vermessen. Diese 3D-Daten werden in einem Curved-Regular-Grid- (CRG) Format platzsparend und reproduzierbar mit einer Sollspur gespeichert. Durch effiziente Zugriffsverfahren konnte die Rechenzeit fuer die Strassenprofilauswertung durch Reifen-Simulationsmodelle gegenueber bisher ueblichen Verfahren um eine bis zwei Groessenordnungen vermindert werden. Die erstmals mit hoher Queraufloesung gemessenen Strassendaten erlauben einerseits durchgaengige Bewertungen der Strasseneigenschaften in Laengs- und Querrichtung als auch eine qualitaetsgesicherte Komfortsimulation. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Vehicle ride comfort optimizations require detailed information about road surface characteristics. A mobile measurement system, based on the light section method enables resolutions of less than 1 by 1 centimeter. A "Curved-Regular-Grid" format (CRG) is used to provide data consistently and efficiently for simulation, combined with reference line information. By that means, road height evaluations for tire simulation models could be speeded up by a factor 10.100 compared to so far common implementations. The increased data resolution and accuracy allows deeper insight in longitudinal and especially in lateral road characteristics. This improves understanding and process quality of numerical as well as on-road comfort analysis. (A) Beitrag zum Themenbereich "Fahrbahneinfluss" der Fachtagung "Reifen - Fahrwerk - Fahrbahn - markt- und kundengerechte Innovationen" der VDI-Gesellschaft Fahrzeug- und Verkehrstechnik, Hannover, 25. und 26. Oktober 2005. Siehe auch Gesamtaufnahme der Tagung, ITRD-Nummer D358016.