Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of E.coli (O157:H7) From Fish in Lake Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia

Escherichia coli belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, is a facultative anaerobic, non-spore forming, and gram-negative bacilli bacteria. The isolation and identifi cation of E.coli O157:H7, and its antimicrobial susceptibility have been done in fi sh from skin and muscle samples taken from Lake Hawassa in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 343 healthy fi sh was randomly sampled (212 skin swab and 131 muscle swab) which comprise three species Nile tilapia, African catfi sh and Barbus (golden) fi sh. From a total of 343 fi sh samples, 80 (23.3%) E.coli was isolated, while 8 (2.3%) strain O157:H7 was isolated. In case of part of fi sh where swab samples were taken from a total of 212 skin swabs and 131 muscle swabs 69(32.54%) and 11(8.4%) E.coli was isolated, respectively. Similarly, from 212 skin swabs and 131 muscle swabs, 7(3.3%) and 1(0.76%) pathogenic strain (O157:H7) of E.coli was isolated, respectively. The occurrence of E.coli from fi sh skin and muscle is statically signifi cant with p-value (0.000). Therefore, E.coli was more prevalent in fi sh skin than muscle. However the occurrence of E.coli and its strain O157:H7 in Nile tilapia, African catfi sh and Barbus fi sh was not showing a Signifi cance diff erence, where that p-value is greater than 0.05. E.coli O157:H7 isolates were tested with nine available antimicrobial drugs. All eight isolates were 100% sensitive to ciprofl oxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim, and Sulfamethoxazole. Whereas all of the isolates were 100% resistant to some antibiotics like ampicillin and cefoxitin. Isolates for tetracycline were 1(12.5%), 4(50%) and 3(37.5%) were resistant, intermediate and susceptible, respectively. And 3(37.5%) resistant, 1(12.5%) intermediate and 4(50%) isolates were susceptible for streptomycin. For doxycycline 5(62.5%), 2(25%) and 1(12.5%) were susceptible, intermediate and resistant, respectively. E.coli and the starin O157:H7 are among the common microbial threats to the fi shery practice. Indiscriminate uses of antibiotics to treat bacterial infection promote the development of drug-resistant bacteria. Further study should be conducted in the fi sh environment for assessment of water quality, isolation and identifi cation of pathogenic microorganism that has great zoonosis importance like E.coli O157:H7.
EFFECT OF FLY ASH ON GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

This paper investigates the effect of fly ash (generated from thermal power plant, Panki, Kanpur) on geotechnical properties of local soil, Bhauti Kanpur (U.P), INDIA. The fly ash used in the experimental work was of Class ‘F’ and soil was clayey in nature . Fly ash collected from the hopper attached to an electrostatic precipitator when coal was changed at a coal fired power plant. Concerning the major challenges regarding the safe reuse, management and disposal of these wastes an attempt has been made to mix fly ash at 5,10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% on the basis of dry weight with local clay soil. To understand the behavior of fly ash with soil, numbers of laboratory experiments were performed on the local soil (clay) and contaminated soil with varying percentage of fly ash. As the result, it is shown that all the investigated properties were decreased except CBR value and optimum moisture content.
ALLOXAN-DIABETES CAUSES OXIDATIVE IMBALANCE AND MORPHOLOGICAL, MORPHOMETRIC AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN RAT LUNGS

Purpose: This study evaluated the long-term effects of alloxan-induced diabetes in rat lungs. Method: Sixty nondiabetic control (NC) and 60 untreated diabetic (UD) rats were divided into 3 subgroups and sacrificed after 6, 14, or 26 weeks. Results: UD rats showed clinical and laboratory signs of severe diabetes throughout the study. Fresh and fixed lung weight, fixed lung volume, and lung compliance were significantly reduced in UD rats, whereas fresh lung weight relative to body weight was higher after 14 and 26 weeks. LPO free radicals were significantly higher in the pulmonary tissue of UD rats, whereas SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px antioxidant enzyme activities were lower after 14 and 26 weeks. UD rats showed lung morphological changes characterized by diminution of alveolar spaces with alveolar septa thickening and varying degrees of congestion, insudation, and interstitial mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. Morphometric analysis revealed that the total number of alveoli and alveolar and endothelial basal laminae thickness were significantly higher in UD than NC rats, whereas alveolar perimeter and alveolar surface area were decreased. Ultrastructural changes were observed in all structures of UD alveolar septa and included alveolar and capillary lumen narrowing, type I cell degeneration, expansion of interstitial extracellular matrix by edema and abundant pynocytotic vesicles, and diminution of type II cell microvilli, which had a high amount of mature lamellar corpuscles with a delay in their surfactant output out of the cytoplasm. Conclusions: Alloxan-diabetes causes morphological, morphometric and ultrastructural changes in rat lungs. These changes may be correlated to oxidative imbalance caused by persistent hyperglycemia.
Management of Prehospital Phase of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Thirty percent of deaths due to acute myocardial infarction occur before patients arrive at a hospital; thus prehospital care plays a critical role in the management of this disease. Accurate history taking is the most important step in this management, as about two-thirds of all cases of acute myocardial infarction show prodromal symptoms prior to onset. Characteristic symptoms are chest discomfort, including sensations of strangulation and pressure or pain in the chest. These are often accompanied by cold sweats, nausea, vomiting, and even fear of impending death. Acute myocardial infarction should be suspected if these symptoms continue for more than 30 minutes. Physical findings may vary from slight pallor of face and an expression of agony and cold sweating in mild cases, to cyanosis or even shock in severe cases. However, it is important to recognize that these signs and symptoms are often absent. When acute myocardial infarction is suspected, an electrocardiogram should be taken immediately for proper evaluation of acute coronary syndrome. Although the medical and technologic revolution in the last 3 decades has improved clinical outcome in patients sustaining acute STelevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), residual morbidity and mortality remain major health concerns. Importance of prehospital delay and optimal sustained patency as modulators of successful reperfusion have been repeatedly demonstrated and discussion about pharmacologic and mechanical reperfusion continues. Despite physician awareness and patient education programs, time from symptom onset to treatment in STEMI remains stalled at approximately 3 hours for pharmacologic reperfusion, as documented in major clinical trials. Multifaceted improvements with advanced paramedic training, transmittable 12-lead electrocardiograms, and bolus fibrinolytics facilitate potential prehospital diagnosis and treatment. Thus, as we proceed into the 21st century, it is essential to re-examine strategies for addressing these and other issues relating to the process of delivering optimal care to most patients with STEMI. Especially notable are the opportunities provided through prehospital management with initiation of therapy, triage to appropriate hospitals, or both as major potential avenues to further enhance patient outcomes.
Feeding practices and nutritional status of children with rheumatic fever in Bangladesh.

Background: The children must be well-nourished and healthy so as to grow into healthy adults. The growth and development of the children continues to be a major public health problem in Bangladesh. Objective: This study was aimed to identify the feeding practices and nutritional status of children with rheumatic fever in Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 children aged 5-15 years, who suffered from rheumatic fever and attended National Centre for Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Diseases (NCCRFand HD) during March to June of the year 2016. The instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire. Data collection was done using face-to-face interview with parents/caregivers of the children. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 16. Results: In this study more than half (53.6%) of the children were aged 13-15 years and 60.0% of them were males. Slightly above half (50.9%) of the respondents were from urban area and 67.3% of the family had ≥ 4 children. More than two-fifths (44.5%) of the respondent’s housing condition was semipacca and 45.5% of them lived at least 3 person per bedroom. Little above three-fifths (60.9%) of the children’s duration of suffering rheumatic fever was ≤ 48 months. About 73.6% of the children were fed colostrum. About 35.5% of the fathers had SSC level of education and 33.6% of the mothers had primary level of education. Conclusion: The overall nutritional status of the study participants (children) was not satisfactory. Our findings reveal that more than sixty percent of the children were underweight. The children should be properly immunized and vaccination program for the children against common infectious diseases of childhood should be provided.
Improvement in the Performance and Security of Advanced Encryption Standard Using AES Algorithm and Comparison with Blowfish

-Background\Objective: - The origin of cryptography is found in Roman and Egyptian culture. Cryptography is thousand years old process to encrypt the messages. In its ancient form, people use cryptography to hide their messages that they want to keep secret from other by substituting the part of the message with symbols, numbers or pictures. With the increase in technology the need of cryptography is also increased which gives rise to new cryptographic algorithms such as DES, 3DES, AES and Blowfish. Statistical Analysis : - AES is a symmetric key encryption algorithm.AES is made more secure and reliable then the existing one.AES is combined with segmentation and validation algorithm to improve the performance of the AES. Key expansion is done to make the AES more secure. The processes are pipelined to increase the speed of AES. Findings : - AES is made more secure and the performance of the AES is also improved in order to increase the reliability. Improvements/Applications : - With proposed AES, the speed to encrypt the data is increased within less time. Whereas, existing AES takes more time to encrypt with low speed. In this, the 128 bits block ciphers are pipelined in order to increase the performance of the AES. Also the security of the AES is improved by making enhancement in the key matrix of the applied key expansion. AES can be used for secure communication such as in image encryption, ATM networks and secure storage such as confidential documents, government documents and personal storage devices
Three-Dimensional Cell Expansion Substrate for Cartilage Tissue Engineering and Regeneration : A Comparison in Decellularized Matrix Deposited by Synovium-Derived Stem Cells and Chondrocytes

Objectives: Synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) are tissue-specific stem cells for chondrogenesis. Our aim was to evaluate whether decellularized matrix deposited by SDSCs was superior to chondrocytes in providing a stem cell microenvironment to conduct large scale expansion of high-quality cells for cartilage tissue engineering. Materials and Methods: We generated two extracellular matrices (ECMs) deposited by either SDSCs (SECM) or chondrocytes (CECM). Passage 4 SDSCs and chondrocytes were expanded separately for two passages on three substrates: conventional plastic flasks (Plastic), SECM, or CECM. Expanded cells were incubated in a pellet culture system supplemented with serum-free chondrogenic medium for 14 days. Histology, biochemistry, real-time PCR, and western blot were used to evaluate expanded cell chondrogenic capacity. Results: Cell proliferation was greatly improved during expansion on both ECMs, especially on SECM. ECM expansion enhanced cell chondrogenic potential, particularly for cells expanded on SECM. Collagen II and aggrecan were deposited only in CECM while collagen I and decorin existed in both ECMs. High levels of phospho-TGF-β receptor II found in chondrogenically induced cells after expansion on either ECM suggested that enhancement of chondrogenic potential might result from upregulated sensitivity in ECM-expanded cells when they are chondrogenically induced. Conclusions: SECM is superior to CECM in promoting cell expansion and enhancing expanded cell chondrogenic potential. Decellularized stem cell matrix can serve as a novel cell expansion system for cartilage tissue engineering. Citation: Pei M, He F, Wei L (2011) Three-Dimensional Cell Expansion Substrate For Cartilage Tissue Engineering And Regeneration: A Comparison In Decellularized Matrix Deposited By Synovium-Derived Stem Cells And Chondrocytes. J Tissue Sci Eng 2:104. doi:10.4172/21577552.1000104
ROLE OF UPPER G.I ENDOSCOPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BENIGN AND MALIGNANT CONDITION OF STOMACH

Introduction Benign and malignant disorders of stomach are the major concern for the patients for which they seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and correct management reduces the health burden and associated morbidity and mortality. Barium meal and x-ray, the mainstay for diagnosis till date has been fallen into disfavor, for it is less sensitive for early lesions and for differentiating benign and malignant disorders. Upper GI endoscopy with its armaments is very useful and sensitive for early diagnosis. Management and follow up of stomach 1 disorders and is regarded as the gold standard.
Applicability of Serum Interleukin-6 as a Screening Tool for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Objectives: To evaluate the applicability of estimated serum IL-6 as a screening marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Patients & Methods: The study included 30 patients with biopsy confirmed NPC and 10 healthy volunteers as control group for serum IL-6. Patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination with respect to nasopharyngeal region, nasopharyngoscopy and CT and/or MRI. Patients were clinically categorized using TNM clinical staging according to the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and biopsy findings were graded according to The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of NPC. All patients were assigned to receive their appropriate chemo-radiotherapy and completed their follow-up through attending ENT outpatient clinic. Blood samples were collected from patients prior to and after completion of their chemo-radiotherapy course for quantitative estimation of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) DNA plasma load and estimation of serum IL-6. Results: Mean pre-treatment serum IL-6 was significantly higher than control group. Plasma viral load showed a positive significant correlation with clinical staging, but the correlation was nonsignificant with WHO pathological type of the lesion. Estimated serum IL-6 levels showed positive significant correlation with plasma viral load, TNM clinical staging and WHO pathological type of the lesion. Estimated pretreatment serum IL-6 levels showed high sensitivity for detection of early cases of NPC, while both parameters showed high specificity for determination of high WHO pathological grade. Treatment induced significant decrease of both serum IL-6 level and plasma viral load compared to pretreatment level, however post-treatment mean serum level of IL-6 was still significantly higher compared to pre-treatment level. Conclusion: Estimation of serum IL-6 could be used as a screening test for suspicious population especially wherein NPC was non-endemic for its high sensitivity and could be coupled with estimation of EBV DNA plasma load wherever available for proper diagnosis [Hatem S. Elhabashy, Adel F. Al-Kholy, Ibraheim Rageh and Mohamed Abdel Hamid. Applicability of Serum Interleukin-6 as a Screening Tool for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. J Am Sci 2012;8(12):433-439]. (ISSN: 15451003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 60 Key wards: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Interleukin-6, Epstein-Barr virus, quantitative PCR
Isolation of Clostridium perfringens from Meat Samples Obtained from the University Students’ Hostel

The microbiological quality of meat usually affected with the length of transport and the time of waiting, in addition to further growth and multiplication of the organisms during bad storage until be used by the consumers. Anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens constitute an important group of the microorganisms which are responsible for many public health hazards as well as spoilage which may occur in such products. A grand total of 100 random samples of raw and cooked beef and chicken which were collected from the university student hostel (25 for each) and these samples were examined for evaluation of Clostridium perfringens in beef and chicken before and after cooking and the result revealed that Clostridium perfringens was isolated from these samples in a percentage of 15% (15 from 100) represented by 24% for raw chicken samples, 12% for cooked chicken samples, 16% for raw beef samples and8% for cooked beef samples . Also, the incidence of lecithinase +ve strains were 60% (9 from 15) represented by 66.66% for raw chicken samples, 66.66% for cooked chicken samples, 50%for raw beef samples and 50% for cooked beef samples. All lecithinase +v e strains of Clostridium perfringens which isolated from the examined samples were typed as Clostridium perfringens type A, while type B, C and D failed to be detected in all examined samples. The sources of contamination and public health hazard of this isolated microorganism, the suggestive hygienic measures to improve the quality of meat meals and methods of prevention of contamination of these meals were discussed.
IMPACT OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA

Business combination through mergers and acquisitions has become a global phenomenon to achieve economies of scale and higher productivity. The need for financial institutions to merge becomes even more imperative in the face of the onslaught of greater competition arising from globalization. This study evaluated the impact of mergers and acquisitions which started in 2005 on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria using a sample of ten (10) banks. This research made use of secondary data, obtained from the bank’s annual reports and statements of accounts covering a period of 2001-2010, Using nine (9) variables; Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Net Profit Margin, Asset Utilisation, Equity Multiplier, Earnings per share, Debt Equity ratio, Debt Asset ratio & Leverage ratio, the study evaluated the performance of the banks before and after mergers and acquisitions using pair sample t-test. The results showed that there is significant difference in the performances of Deposit Money Banks in the pre and post-merger periods using the ROA, ROE and LR as yards tick but shows no significant impacts in the performances of Deposit Money Bank using other variables as yard stick. The study hereby recommends that the CBN should set and enforce corporate governance standards for commercial banks and also enforce risk based supervision in banks.
Diazinon Removal from Aqueous Environments by Electrocoagulation Process

Electrocoagulation (EC) process is an electrochemical method of treating polluted water whereby sacrificial anodes corrode to release active coagulant precursors into solution. At present study, EC was investigated for removal of diazinon pesticide from aqueous environments under different operating conditions such as initial pH (3-10), applied voltage (20-40 V), electrolysis time (10-60 min), and initial concentration of diazinon (10-100 mg/L) by using aluminum anode in batch mode. The results of this study showed that diazinon concentration can effect on removal efficiency and for higher concentration of diazinon, more applied voltage or higher reaction time is needed. Maximum removal efficiency of diazinon (>99%) was obtained after 60 min at pH 3. According to results of this study it can be concluded that Electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrode is an efficient method for diazinon removal from aqueous environments.
EFFECT OF BLOOD DONATION ON FERRITIN LEVELS AND LIPID PROFILE IN SUBJECTS WITH CENTRAL OBESITY

Introduction. Several studies showed that inflammation is associated with the dyslipidemia. Ferritin is one of the inflammation marker which its level influenced by blood donation. Central Obesity in young adults may have benefit by blood donation because of this mechanism. Aim of this study was to compare the lipid profile between routine blood donation and non-routine blood donation subjects with central obesity. Methods: Fourty-one appearantly health male obese subjects were enrolled in this study. To further investigate this topic, a lipid profile and ferritin level were evaluated in 21 routine blood donation male obese subjects and the other 20 non routine blood donation subjects as control. We use t-test to determine the difference of the mean level of Total Cholesterol, LDL, TG, and HDL. Results. Mean level of Total Cholesterol in routine blood donation is lower than control group (198,2 vs 224,52; p=0,011). The LDL level was lower in routine blood donation than non routine group (130,10 vs 153,76; p=0,013), while Triglycerides level was significantly lower in this group (97,75 vs 137,38, p=0,010). In this study, mean level of HDL (46,75 vs 43,57; p=0,276) and Feritin (228,93 vs 269,4) was not significantly different between routine blood donation subjects as compare to control group. Conclusion. Cholesterol, LDL, and TG level in routine blood donation subjects were significantly lower as compare to non-routine blood donation subjects. Copyright © 2019, Frans Wantania. This is an open access article distributed under the creative commons attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH MEDICINE AND CURRENT RESEARCH DOI: 10.22301/IJHMCR.2528-3189.1184 Article can be accessed online on: http://www.ijhmcr. com EFFECT OF BLOOD DONATION ON FERRITIN LEVELS AND LIPID PROFILE IN SUBJECTS WITH CENTRAL OBESITY
Morphometric evaluation of Bizygomatic distance and maxillary sinus width as dimorphic tool- A CBCT study

Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the age prediction on the basis of Bizygomatic distance, intermaxillary distance, Antero-Posterior diameter and maxillary sinus width. The bizygomatic distance and maxillary sinus width is also studied as dimorphic tool in relation to gender determination. Materials and Methods: This is prospective study of 202 study subjects which was carried out in Department of oral medicine and radiology using Care stream 9000cc Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) machine. All the measurements were taken from series of axial sections of Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of head and Paranasal sinuses (PNS) images using DICOM viewer. Results: There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the study parameters among the age groups. It was found that only Bizygomatic distance was significantly (p=0.01) different between male and female all other parameters were statistically non significant (P>.005). Conclusion: It was concluded that bizygomatic distance is a strong dimorphic tool for sex determination by cone beam computed tomography.