Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFEITO DE DIFERENTES FONTES DE ADUBAÇÃO SOBRE A PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE NO MUNICÍPIO DE IGUATU-CE

Avaliou-se a influencia de diferentes fontes de adubacao na produtividade da alface cv. Elba na regiao centro sul do estado do Ceara. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado no esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com tres repeticoes. O experimento foi conduzido em canteiros de cambissolo estrofico e os tratamentos consistiram da combinacao de quatro fontes de adubacao: 1 - humus de minhoca a partir de esterco bovino (4 kg m-2); 2 - composto orgânico (4 kg m-2); 3 - esterco bovino (20 kg m-2) e 4 - adubacao orgânica mais mineral (10 kg m-2 de esterco bovino + 10 g de ureia , 15 g de cloreto de potassio e 45 g de superfosfato simples m-2), com e sem adubacao foliar. Nao houve diferencas significativas entre os tratamentos. Para o diâmetro medio da cabeca foram encontrados valores medios de 26 cm aos 42 dias apos o transplante. Esse valor e considerado aceitavel para esta cultivar. Para a caracteristica massa fresca comercial, a adubacao orgânica + mineral apresentou melhor desempenho (260,20 g).
Effectiveness of peer education interventions for HIV prevention, adolescent pregnancy prevention and sexual health promotion for young people: a systematic review of European studies

Peer education remains a popular strategy for health promotion and prevention, but evidence of its effectiveness is still limited. This article presents a systematic review of peer education interventions in the European Union that were published between January 1999 and May 2010. The objective of the review is to determine the effectiveness of peer education programs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention, adolescent pregnancy prevention and promotion of sexual health among young people. Standardized methods of searching and data extraction were utilized and five studies were identified. Although a few statistically significant and non-significant changes were observed in the studies, it is concluded that, overall, when compared to standard practice or no intervention, there is no clear evidence of the effectiveness of peer education concerning HIV prevention, adolescent pregnancy prevention and sexual health promotion for young people in the member countries of the European Union. Further research is needed to determine factors that contribute to program effectiveness.
Land of wood and water: A checklist of liverworts and hornworts of Jamaica

Abstract The first ever liverwort and hornwort checklist is provided for Jamaica. We report 332 taxa in 314 species, 14 of which are invalid, illegitimate or in orphaned genera but we do not know where to place them. An additional 16 of the reported taxa are rejected as erroneously reported from Jamaica. The list is based on over 270 literature references, including monographs, regional studies, and molecular investigations. Except for a few early works in the 18th and early 19th century, and a scattering of other studies, the liverwort and hornwort flora of Jamaica has received negligible attention, despite its apparent diversity. The knowledge of the liverwort and hornwort flora, both in Jamaica and regionally in the Caribbean, remains so poor it is too early to reliably comment about range-restricted or endemic species. We predict that a number of new records remain to be reported, based on regionally widespread species that have been recorded elsewhere. On the other hand, it is envisaged that a number of the taxa presented here maybe synonyms of other taxa as they are taxonomically insufficiently known. As a consequence, Anastrophyllum harrisanum Steph. is reduced to a new synonym of A. tubulosum (Nees) Grolle.
Contextual Awareness in Human-Advanced-Vehicle Systems: A Survey

Autonomous vehicles are becoming a reality in places with advanced infrastructure to support their operations. In crowded places, harsh environments, missions that require these vehicles to be aware of the context in which they are operating, and situations requiring continuous coordination with humans such as in disaster relief, advanced-vehicle systems (AVSs) need to be better contextually aware. The vast literature referring to “context-aware systems” is still sparse, focusing on very limited forms of contextual awareness. It requires a structured approach to bring it together to truly realize contextual awareness in AVSs. This paper uses a human-AVSs (HAVSs) lens to polarize the literature in a coherent form suitable for designing distributed HAVSs. We group the relevant literature into two categories: contextual-awareness related to the vehicle infrastructure itself that enables AVSs to operate, and contextual-awareness related to HAVSs. The former category focuses on the communication backbone for AVSs including ad-hoc networks, services, wireless communication, radio systems, and the cyber security and privacy challenges that arise in these contexts. The latter category covers recommender systems, which are used to coordinate the actions that sit at the interface of the human and AVSs, human–machine interaction issues, and the activity recognition systems as the enabling technology for recommender systems to operate autonomously. The structured analysis of the literature has identified a number of open research questions and opportunities for further research in this area.
Modeling Stratified Diffusion in Biological Invasions

Recent data on biological invasion show that range expansion is driven by various modes of dispersal such as neighborhood diffusion and long-distance dispersal that occur side by side within a species. In such a stratified dispersal process, the initial range expansion mainly occurs by neighborhood diffusion. However, as the range of the founder population expands, new colonies created by long-distance migrants increase in number to cause an accelerating range expansion in the later phase. We classify several well-documented examples of geographical expansions into three major types depending on the nonlinearity of the range-versus-time curve. To examine how long-distance dispersal produces accelerating range expansion, we construct a stratified diffusion model, which describes the dynamics of the size distribution of colonies created by long-distance migrants. The model consists of a von Foerster equation combined with a Skellam model. Analyzing the model provides an estimate of range expansion in terms of the rate of expansion due to neighborhood diffusion, the leap distance, and the colonization rate of long-distance migrants. The results explain various types of nonlinear range expansion observed in biological invasions.
Estimating Cardinality of Arbitrary Expression of Multiple Tag Sets in a Distributed RFID System

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely adopted in various industries and people’s daily lives. This paper studies a fundamental function of spatial-temporal joint cardinality estimation in distributed RFID systems. It allows a user to make queries over multiple tag sets that are present at different locations and times in a distributed tagged system. It estimates the joint cardinalities of those tag sets with bounded error. This function has many potential applications for tracking product flows in large warehouses and distributed logistics networks. The prior art is either limited to jointly analyzing only two tag sets or is designed for a relative accuracy model, which may cause unbounded time cost. Addressing these limitations, we propose a novel design of the joint cardinality estimation function with two major components. The first component is to record snapshots of the tag sets in a system at different locations and periodically, in a time-efficient way. The second component is to develop accurate estimators that extract the joint cardinalities of chosen tag sets based on their snapshots, with a bounded error that can be set arbitrarily small. We formally analyze the bias and variance of the estimators, and we develop a method for setting their optimal system parameters. The simulation results show that, under predefined accuracy requirements, our new solution reduces time cost by multiple folds when compared with the existing work.
Effects of shear stress and hard clams on seston, microphytobenthos, and nitrogen dynamics in mesocosms with tidal resuspension

To test the interacting effects of hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria and bottom shear stress on nutrient- and ecosystem dynamics, we performed a 4 wk experiment in six 1000 l shear turbulence resuspension mesocosms (STURM). Three tanks each contained 50 hard clams (RC set-up), and 3 tanks had no clams (R set-up). All tanks contained defaunated muddy sediment and estuarine water and had similar water column turbulence intensities (~1 cm s �1 ), energy dissipa- tion rates (~0.08 cm 2 s �3 ), and tidal cycles (4 h mixing on and 2 h off). The same high instantaneous bottom stress (0.35 to 0.4 Pa) was applied to all tanks during the mixing-on cycles. Hard clams in interaction with high bottom shear stress initially destabilized the sediments and increased seston levels to ~200 mg l �1 in the RC tanks during the mixing-on cycles. Over time, seston concentrations declined in the RC tanks until they reached levels similar to the R tanks of ~60 mg l �1 . Bivalve feeding in the RC tanks significantly reduced phytoplankton biomass and shifted the phytoplank- ton community structure to Chlorophyceae/Prasinophytes. Nutrient (particulate phosphorus, nitro- gen, and carbon, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, nitrate + nitrite, phosphate) concentrations were significantly en hanced in the RC tanks, mediated by high sediment resuspension and bivalve excretion. A brown tide organism, Aureococcus anophagefferens, bloomed in 2 of 3 RC tanks. Bivalve feeding and light limitation reduced microphytobenthos biomass in the RC tanks. Micro- phytobenthos biomass was low overall but significantly higher in the R tanks. Phytoplankton abundance, microphytobenthos biomass, seston concentrations, and nitrogen dynamics were sig- nificantly affected by interactions between hard clams and bottom shear stress.
Control and emotions: Understanding the dynamics of controllee behaviours in a health care information systems project

The control of information systems (IS) projects is important for organizations seeking to realize the value‐creating capabilities of information technology (IT). However, their achievement has proven complex and has triggered research on the unique challenges related to IS project control. The existing research focuses primarily on the contextual antecedents and performance effects of control‐mode choices but largely neglects the dynamics of control activities, and particularly the socio‐emotional aspects of such activities. We conducted longitudinal fieldwork to evaluate the dynamic interplay between control activities and emotions in the context of a large‐scale, health care IS project. Our case analysis provides empirical evidence for the link between controllers' control styles and controllees' emotions and subsequent behaviours. For instance, our analysis results point to “suppressed” effects of negative emotions on control effectiveness. We find that while controllees' negative emotional appraisals of control activities do not necessarily translate into immediate resistance behaviours, they can give rise to delayed resistance behaviours triggered by shifting control styles.
Métastases hépatiques précoces dans les cancers péri-ampullaires opérés : incidence et facteurs de risque

Objectif : Estimer la frequence des metastases hepatiques ultra-precoces (MH) ( 23 mm (OR 3.3; 95CI [1.2-9.3]; p=0.02) et differenciation tumorale (faible vs. bonne: OR 15.5; 95 CI [1.5-158.3]; moderee vs. bonne: OR 17.1; 95CI [1.9 -154.4]; p=0.04). Conclusion : Pres d’un patient sur cinq developpe des MH moins de six mois apres la DPC avec un aspect tres specifique en imagerie. La combinaison systematique d’un scanner et d’une IRM preoperatoires ≤ 3 semaines avant l’intervention et la realisation d’une imagerie postoperatoire a 8 semaines de la chirurgie avant de debuter la chimiotherapie adjuvante semblent indispensables. La realisation d’une resection veineuse chirurgicale ne semble pas etre un facteur de risque de MH precoces. Les MH precoces semblent associees aux emboles lymphovasculaires et peut etre a la differenciation tumorale, elements non accessibles a l’imagerie.
Serum nitrite levels in relation to malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study

Cardio vascular disease (CVD) as a sequelae of endothelial dysfunction is the frequent complication of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Serum Nitric oxide (Nox) level is a good indicator of the endothelial function. Nitric oxide being unstable decomposes to give nitrite and nitrate. In type 2 Diabetes Mellitus where there is increased oxidative stress there will be decreased Nitric oxide synthesis leading to endothelial dysfuction. Hence the decreased amount of Nitric oxide will give rise to less amount of nitrite and nitrate. Nitrate levels are influenced by diet. So this study focuses on the estimation of Nitrite alone. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also estimated to assess the extent of oxidative stress in fifteen type 2 diabetic patients. Fifteen healthy volunteers were controls. The nitrite levels were estimated by the Griess method and MDA by estimating the Thio Barbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS). Our results showed a significant decrease in the nitrite levels and increase in MDA levels among diabetic patients when compared with healthy controls.
Assessment of heterogeneity in sighting probabilities of humpback whales within viewing range of Cape Vidal, South Africa

The migrations of humpback whales on the African east coast were monitored between 1988 and 1991 at Cape Vidal, South Africa. Shore-based surveys of the northward migration were undertaken each winter, and a survey of the southward migration was undertaken in 1990, from an approximately 60-m-high vantage point on a headland. Independent-observer surveys were carried out in both 1990 (22 d) and 1991 (51 d) to determine the proportion of the population within the survey area that were being missed by observers using a single mark-release model. Results were stratified into three distance intervals from the shore and three sighting condition intervals; there were constant sighting probabilities from the south tower under different sighting conditions, while those from the north tower increased slightly as sighting conditions improved. Sighting probabilities from both towers were highest in the intermediate distance interval and decreased in both the inshore and offshore regions.
Is phytotoxicity of Phragmites australis residue influenced by decomposition condition, time and density?

Phragmites australis is an invasive wetland plant and allelopathy appears to contribute to its invasiveness. We studied dynamics of physicochemical characteristics and phytotoxicity through residue decomposition of Phragmites with and without soil under different conditions and density over time. Physicochemical variables (water-soluble phenolics, dissolved organic carbon, specific ultraviolet absorbance, pH, electrical conductivity, osmotic potential and some anions, namely PO43–, Cl–, NO2–, NO3– and SO42–) of extracts were more consistent and showed normal range in aerobic rather than anaerobic conditions. ‘Residue alone’ and ‘residue with soil’ extracts exhibited significant inhibition on germination and growth of Poa labillardierei and Lactuca sativa initially but reduced over time in aerobic conditions whereas the inhibition increased sharply and remained almost stable in anaerobic conditions (P ≤ 0.001). Regression analyses showed that water-soluble phenolics were a significant predictor of the inhibitory effects on germination and growth of tested species compared with other variables in the extracts. Long-term decomposed residues exhibited significant effects on germination and growth of Melaleuca ericifolia (P ≤ 0.01) depending on residue density in soil. The results demonstrated that decomposition condition and soil incorporation coupled with residue density may play a crucial role over time in dynamics of physicochemical variables and associated phytotoxicity. The study contributes to understanding of the ecological consequences of phytotoxins in residue decomposition, partially explaining the invasion process of Phragmites in wetlands and thereby improving wetland management.
Improvement of in vitro fertilization by a tannin rich vegetal extract addition to frozen thawed boar sperm

Abstract Boar spermatozoa are very susceptible to cryopreservation injuries and, for this reason, pig remains one of the few species in which fresh semen is still preferred to thawed one for routine artificial insemination (AI). The present work evaluated the effect of supplementing boar sperm thawing medium with Silvafeed SP (SSP), a mixture of Chestnut and Quebracho wood extracts (60/40 w/w) rich in polyphenols (92.4% tannin content) on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and on the following sperm parameters: sperm motility (assessed by CASA), viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial function and lipid peroxidation (assessed by flow cytometry) and capacitation status (immunolocalization of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins). Thawed spermatozoa were incubated 1 h at 37°C in BTS without (CTR) or with (5, 10, 20 µg/mL) SSP. After incubation sperm suspension was divided in three aliquots: one was used for IVF trials, one for sperm analysis, and the last one was capacitated for 1 h at 39°C 5% CO2 in IVF medium. Sperm motility parameters, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial functionality, lipid peroxidation and tyrosine phosphorylated protein immunolocalization, used as capacitation parameter, were not influenced by SSP. However, oocytes inseminated with thawed spermatozoa pretreated with all the different SSP concentrations presented a significant (P < 0.01) increase in penetration rate compared to CTR. In addition, 5 µg/mL SSP exerted a positive effect (P<0.05) on the total efficiency of fertilization. These results encourage the use of SSP in the thawing medium since post-thawing fertility is a limit for the large-scale use of boar frozen semen.
Capillary haemangioma of fallopian tube: a rare but dangerous incidental finding

Haemangiomas are tumors of vascular origin. They are frequently observed in soft tissue and skin. Vascular tumors of female pelvic organs are extremely rare. Although, majority of these lesions are detected incidentally, they can mimic various benign and malignant lesions clinically and radiologically. Fallopian tube capillary haemangioma is very rare benign neoplasm. Only one case of capillary haemangioma of fallopian tube has been reported. A 44-year-old female with menorrhagia, underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoopherectomy. Both the fallopian tubes were grossly unremarkable. Microscopic examination revealed a well circumscribed vascular neoplasm, consistent with capillary haemangioma, CD34 immunostaining highlighted the vascular endothelium. Although benign in nature, haemangioma of the fallopian tube can present with complications. Rupture of the haemangioma can be lethal when present with hemoperitoneum.
Changes in soil quality and land use in grazed pasture within rural Auckland

Abstract As part of state-of-environment reporting, soil quality monitoring in Auckland has indicated that decreasing macroporosity is a concern for grazed pasture. This prompted a more intensive study undertaken in 2011 to resample the original 35 sites. Comparisons were made between Soil Orders and land uses, with soil samples taken from all repeat sites and under adjacent/ungrazed fence-lines to act as a control. Macroporosity was significantly less for grazed/tread (7%) than ungrazed/control (15%) treatments. However, macroporosity in the control treatment was only just within recommended guidelines for the Ultic Soil Order, representing >40% of Auckland's soils. The study found that what were originally described as two land use categories; dairy and drystock, increased to four categories; dairy, dairy-drystock conversion, drystock, and lifestyle conversion. Although 83% of dairy sites occupied what would be considered prime land, a large proportion of prime land was also occupied by lifestyle sites (64%), followed by dairy-drystock (38%) and drystock (30%). Such information raises two concerns: first, that a large proportion of prime land is not being used for commercial primary production; and second, the difficulty in developing soil quality trends as a result of land use changes.
The Use of Patient Self-Testing in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Scoping Review

Background Improving access to health through use of innovative health technologies such as points-of-care testing is 1 global health priority. Patient self-testing (PST) is one of the point-of-care testing strategies that was shown to have an ability to improve access to diagnostic testing, autonomy and allow access to health care for hard-to-reach populations in resource-limited settings. However, the level of evidence on the use of PST for diagnosis and management of diseases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is unknown. We mapped literature on evidence of the use of PST in LMICs. Methods Data were sourced from the following databases: PubMed; EBSCOhost (Medline, health source: Nursing), WEB of Science; Science Direct; and Google Scholar. Eligibility criteria for this study included: studies that focused on PST, reported on evidence on use of PST, conducted in LMICs, comparing PST with facility-based testing. Thematic analysis was performed to identify the patterns of use of PST. The mixed method quality appraisal tool version 2011 was used to assess the quality of the included primary studies. Results Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies included populations from the following LMICs: Kenya; South Africa; Uganda; Bulgaria; and Malawi. Of the 18,816 total participants in all included primary studies, 57% were males. Overall, 7 (87.5%) of the 8 included studies reported on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing using the following: oral fluid HIV self-test (HIVST), OraQuick in Home Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test, OraQuick O-HIVST, oral fluid, and Fingerstick HIV self-tests. One (12.5%) of the 8 included studies reported on colorectal carcinoma using rapid immunochemical fecal occult blood tests. Although the findings of this study shows high usage of HIVST, it also demonstrates poor level of use of PST for other communicable and noncommunicable diseases in LMICs. We extracted the following themes; use of PST, feasibility of PST, and linkage to care from the included studies. Of the 8 included studies, 5 scored the highest quality (76–100%) from the methodological quality assessment. Conclusions The findings of the review revealed a high level of research evidence on the use of HIV self-testing compared to other communicable diseases and noncommunicable diseases in LMICs. Increased implementation of PST for communicable diseases is recommended, particularly for high-risk and hard-to-reach populations.