Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of perfect-magnetic-coupling ultralow-loss transformer in RFCMOS technology

In this letter, we propose a single-turn multiple-layer interlaced stacked transformer structure with nearly perfect magnetic-coupling factor (k/sub IM//spl sim/1) using standard mixed-signal/RF CMOS (or BiCMOS) technology. A single-turn six-layer interlaced stacked transformer was implemented to demonstrate the proposed structure. Temperature dependence (from -25/spl deg/C to 175/spl deg/C) of the quality-factor (Q-factor), k/sub Im/, resistive-coupling factor (k/sub Re/), maximum available power gain (G/sub Amax/), and minimum noise figure (NF/sub min/) performances of the transformer are reported. State-of-the-art G/sub Amax/ of 0.762 and 0.904 (i.e., NF/sub min/ of 1.181 dB and 0.437 dB) have been achieved at 5.2 and 8 GHz, respectively, at room temperature, mainly due to the perfect magnetic-coupling factor and the high resistive-coupling factor. The present analysis is helpful for RF engineers to design ultralow-voltage high-performance transformer-feedback low-noise amplifiers and voltage-controlled oscillators, and other radio frequency integrated circuits which include transformers.
RESPONSES OF WHEAT PLANTS IN TERMS OF SOIL WATER CONTENT, BULK DENSITY, SALINITY, AND ROOT GROWTH UNDER DIFFERENT PLANTING SYSTEMS AND VARIOUS IRRIGATION FREQUENCIES

The effects of irrigation water rates and seed bed shapes on changes in soil water and salinity status, bulk density, root growth and dry matter (DM) weights of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated with a split plot design in a field trial in Zahak Agricultural Research Station in Sistan, Iran in 2005. Irrigation intervals after 80 and 160 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan were used as main plot. Flat surface, single, triple, and six-row beds with a 20 cm row space were used as subplots. Each treatment was replicated four times. Volumetric soil water content and soil electrical conductivity (EC) were measured using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) at 0 —20, 20 —40 and 40 —60 cm depths at nine different times during the growing season. Soil water contents were also measured at 0 —10 and 10 —20 cm depths using standard sampling rings at four different times. The three and six-row beds increased the EC of the saturated paste extract with the more frequent irrigation intervals in this coarse textured soil. Soil water content, DM, and root density were always greater with the more frequent irrigations (shorter irrigation intervals). Root density was greatest in 0 —20 cm depth with the single row bed treatment. Grain yield and root density were greatest with single row bed treatment due to the bed shape at the root development stage (possibly due to a reduced mechanical resistance). A greater soil water content by the short irrigation interval increased grain yield and root density via reducing mechanical resistance. With the loamy sand, bulk density and mechanical resistance increased rapidly after cultivation. Bed shape at root development stage might have enhanced root growth and the crop yields. Apparently, mechanical resistance was the most limiting factor with these loamy sand soils than salinity.
Physical Properties of Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Ethyl Acetate, Ethanol, and 1-Octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide at 298.15 K

Densities, viscosities, and refractive indices for binary and ternary mixtures of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide have been determined at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes, and viscosity and molar refraction changes of mixing have been calculated from the measured physical properties. These changes of mixing have been adequately fitted to the Redlich−Kister polynomial equation. The adjustable parameters and the standard deviations between experimental and calculated values are reported.
Preface

brates and vertebrates and put forth expanded ‘agendas’ for research on brain diversity as it pertained to behavior and the mind [Bullock and Horridge, 1965; Bullock, 1973, 1983, 1984a, b, 1993a, b, 1999, 2002]. His influence in this field cannot be underestimated and his challenge for more comparative work is being met; for examples, see the contents of Brain Behavior and Evolution, and Nieuwenhuys et al. [1998] and Striedter [2005]. Thus our ‘database’ for accessing differences in brain complexity in widespread taxa has expanded greatly. This Karger Workshop is respectfully dedicated to Theodore H. Bullock ( fig. 1 ) and Donald R. Griffin ( fig. 2 ). On October 11, 2012, the 24th Karger Workshop was held at the Annual Meeting of the J.B. Johnston Club for Evolutionary Neuroscience. The goal of the workshop was to associate unique features of animal awareness with differences in complexity of neural systems and to consider the evolutionary processes producing such relationships. Although this workshop continues a succession of symposia and monographs on the comparative neurobiology of cognition [Roth and Wullimann, 2001; Powers and Day, 2003; Platek et al., 2007; Hofmann and Shumway, 2008], its additional aim was to go beyond cognition to encompass other aspects of consciousness (e.g. emotion) and enhance consideration of brain diversity. It was anticipated that major advances over the past 40–50 years in the two key areas (i.e. awareness and brain diversity) would provide fresh perspectives for understanding mind/brain-behavior relationships. A wealth of information on what animals in diverse taxa are ‘thinking about’ has become available since the birth of cognitive ethology in the late 1970s [Griffin, 1978; Vauclair, 1997]. The new approach was championed by Donald R. Griffin who made cogent arguments for conscious awareness in animals [Griffin, 1976, 1981, 1984, 1992, 2001]. He remains largely responsible for the general acceptance that many animals are aware of their environments and, in some cases, themselves. The significant progress made in understanding animal mentality should provide new opportunities for exploring mind-brain relationships. For over five decades Theodore H. Bullock carried out neurological studies in an unsurpassed array of invertePublished online: August 21, 2013
Identification of volatile aroma compounds of strawberry wine using solid-phase microextraction techniques coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Aroma compounds of strawberry wine were trapped by both headspace (HS) and immersion (IM) solid-phase microextraction (SPME). In the strawberry wine, esters were found to be the major compounds detected by both techniques. When using the HS-SPME technique, eight ester compounds (ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, octyl acetate, methyl decanoate, ethyl-9-decanoate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl cinnamate and ethyl dodecanoate), and (E)-nerolidol could be identified. Seven esters (amyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, hexyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl-9-decenoate, ethyl decanoate and ethyl cinnamate) together with (E)-nerolidol, isoamyl alcohol, octanoic acid and decanoic acid were detected by IM-SPME.
Effect of Different Combinations of Metal and Zeolite on Ozone-Assisted Catalysis for Toluene Removal

To elucidate the effect of metals supported on zeolite as ozone-assisted catalysts on toluene removal, the decomposition of 8.2 μmol/L toluene was carried out by the ozone-assisted catalytic oxidation on Fe, Ni, Ag, Co and Mn supported on one type of zeolite (ZSM-5) and unsupported ZSM-5. It was found that the performance of toluene removal depends on metal species on catalyst and inlet O3 concentration. Consequently, Ag/ZSM-5 exhibited desirable properties such as suppression of formic acid formation and high CO2 selectivity among the tested catalysts at the low O3 concentration of 27.0 to 110.4 μmol/L, although the performance of C6H5CH3 removal was slightly lower than that on ZSM-5 alone.
Charge Transfer Upon Contact Between Metals and Insulators

The equilibrium charge distribution between substances in contact is calculated in the one-dimensional approximation for metal-insulstor and insulator-insulator contacts. The direction of charge transfer is such as to equalize the Fermi levels, and the magni tude of charge transferred depends on the positions of the energy bands in the substances in contact. For example, in an insulator it is possible to have a large charge density (∼ 10 11 esu) within a thin layer (∼ 10-8 cm.) or a small charge density (∼ 10-1 esu) in a thick layer (∼ 10-1 cm.), to give the same potential shift (∼ 1 ev), depending on the relative position of the bands. The energy levels in most insulators of high resistiv ities are too poorly known to allow strict quantitative comparison with experiment, but the results permit a semiquantitative explanation of some observations on static electrification.
Diclofenac sodium loaded-cellulose acetate butyrate: Effect of processing variables on microparticles properties, drug release kinetics and ulcerogenic activity

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize diclofenac sodium loaded-cellulose acetate butyrate microparticles in order to obtain a controlled-release system. The influence of the type of polymer, the volume and composition of the internal phase, drug loading, surfactant concentration and additive added on microparticles characteristics (particle size, encapsulation efficiency, surface morphology and in vitro release profiles) was studied to optimize the microparticles system. The resultant microparticles were evaluated for the recovery, average particle size, drug loading and incorporation efficiency. The microparticles exhibited good flowing nature and compressibility index when compared to pure drug. Dissolution rate of diclofenac sodium in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) increased with increases in initial drug loading, surfactant concentration and addition of alcohol as co-solvent but decreased with increases in the concentration of additives such as Gantrez® AN or Eudragit S100 in the internal phase. The dissolution data showed a Higuchi diffusion pattern for most of the formulations. About 56–81% reduction in ulcerogenic activity was observed with microparticles containing Eudragit S100 17–25%, based on total polymer concentration, when compared with pure diclofenac sodium.
Effects of halogenation on the ionized and excited states of free-base and zinc porphyrins

Ab initio electronic structure theory has been applied to study the effects of β-halogenation on the structure, ionization potentials (IP), and electronic spectra of free-base (PH2) and zinc porphyrins (ZnP). Electronic and infrared (IR) spectra of β-octahalogenated free-base (β-PX8H2; X=F, Cl, Br) and zinc porphyrins (β-ZnPX8; X=F, Cl, Br) are predicted using TDDFT, B3LYP, and CIS methods. Computations of the excitation energies and IPs are also carried out using structures obtained with the B3LYP density functional. Valence IPs of PH2 and ZnP increase significantly upon β-halogenation. Except for the fluoro group, all β-halogen auxochromes slightly redshift the ultraviolet (UV) and visible bands of the free-base and zinc porphyrin chromophores. β-halogenation significantly redshifts the B bands with increasing magnitude upon going down the period. In addition, we gauge the effects of β-halogenation on the thermodynamic stability of ZnP by calculating the metal binding energies for β-ZnPX8. We found that.
Tent: Fully Test-Time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization

A model must adapt itself to generalize to new and different data during testing. In this setting of fully test-time adaptation the model has only the test data and its own parameters. We propose to adapt by test entropy minimization (tent1): we optimize the model for confidence as measured by the entropy of its predictions. Our method estimates normalization statistics and optimizes channel-wise affine transformations to update online on each batch. Tent reduces generalization error for image classification on corrupted ImageNet and CIFAR-10/100 and reaches a new state-of-the-art error on ImageNet-C. Tent handles source-free domain adaptation on digit recognition from SVHN to MNIST/MNIST-M/USPS, on semantic segmentation from GTA to Cityscapes, and on the VisDA-C benchmark. These results are achieved in one epoch of test-time optimization without altering training.
A Learned Performance Model for Tensor Processing Units

Accurate hardware performance models are critical to efficient code generation. They can be used by compilers to make heuristic decisions, by superoptimizers as a minimization objective, or by autotuners to find an optimal configuration for a specific program. However, they are difficult to develop because contemporary processors are complex, and the recent proliferation of deep learning accelerators has increased the development burden. We demonstrate a method of learning performance models from a corpus of tensor computation graph programs for Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) instances. We show that our learned model outperforms a heavily-optimized analytical performance model on two tasks—tile-size selection and operator fusion—and that it helps an autotuner discover faster programs in a setting where access to TPUs is limited or expensive.
A Reappraisal of the Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Findings

OBJECTIVE: To describe and reevaluate the fine needle aspiration cytology findings of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) of the breast, with histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural correlation. STUDY DESIGN: The authors reviewed the clinical features, fine needle aspiration cytology, histology and immunohistochemical results in all cases of mammary PASH encountered at Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, during the 4-year period from January 1998 to May 2002. Ultrastructural examination was carried out in a selected example. The findings were compared with those in the literature. RESULTS: Four cases of PASH of the breast were encountered during the study period. The ages of the patients ranged from 34 to 56 years. One of them was a male presenting with gynecomastia. Only 2 cases had fine needle aspiration biopsies with a satisfactory cellular yield available for review. The cytospin preparations were of moderate cellularity and showed cohesive clusters of bland-looking ductal cells in a background of single, naked nuclei and some spindle cells containing fine chromatin and a discernible amount of cytoplasm. Occasional ductal cell clusters assuming a “staghorn” pattern, a feature commonly seen in fibroadenoma, were noted. Besides, there were scanty, loose and hypocellular stromal tissue fragments that contained spindle cells and occasional paired, elongated nuclei embedded in a fibrillary matrix. Histologic examination of the excisional biopsies confirmed the presence of PASH. It was characterized by many slitlike spaces rimmed by CD34-positive myofibroblasts/ fibroblasts in a focally hyalinized stroma. Sometimes, illformed, fusiform aggregates of fibroblasts were also observed. Their fibroblastic nature was confirmed by electron microscopy. CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration cytology of PASH closely resembles that of fibroadenoma. Though
Catalytic and Heating Behavior of Nanoscaled Perovskites under Microwave Radiation

Perovskite powders of the types La0.5Ca0.5AlyM1–yO3–δ (y = 0–0.8), M = Fe, Cr, Mn, Co and LaxSr1–xMnyCo1–y (x = 0.5–1, y = 0–1) were prepared via a sol-gel route according to the modified Pechini method. Incineration of the resins was performed before final sintering at 1000 °C for 6 h. The phase composition of the samples was established by X-ray powder diffraction analysis, and the lattice parameters were calculated using Rietveld analysis. The shape and size of the particles were determined via scanning electron microscopy and the specific surface area of the powder perovskites was established by the BET method. The principal particles were ca. 100 nm in size and formed agglomerates larger than 1.0 μm. The composition of the perovskites was established by EDX analysis. Following this, the catalytic behavior was tested by means of total oxidation of propane. The catalytic performance was measured at atmospheric pressure with 3 g of catalyst in a fixed-bed quartz reactor (i.d. = 18 mm) under thermal-assisted and microwave-assisted conditions. Initial results show a strong dependence of the catalytic and heating behavior on the nature of the M-atom and its number of unpaired d-electrons as well as on the particle size and its specific surface area. No significant difference in the results could be detected from comparison of the two heating methods.
A 30-Year Experience

Background —This study evaluated long-term results of aortic root replacement and valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction for patients with aneurysms involving the aortic root. Methods and Results —Two-hundred three patients aged 53 (cid:1) 16 years (mean (cid:1) SD; 153 male, 50 female) underwent elective or urgent aortic root surgery from 1971 to 2000 for an aortic root aneurysm: 149 patients underwent a composite valve conduit reconstruction, and 54 patients underwent valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction. Fifty patients had Marfan syndrome. In-hospital and 30-day mortality was 4.0% (8/203) overall: for a composite valve conduit procedure, the corresponding value was 4.0% (6/149) and for valve-preserving procedure, 3.7% (2/54) ( P (cid:2) NS). Morbidity included 3 strokes (1%), 10 perioperative myocardial infarctions (5%), and 8 reoperations for bleeding (4%). Actuarial survival at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years was 93% (95% confidence interval [CI] (cid:2) 88% to 97%), 79% (95% CI (cid:2) 71% to 87%), 67% (95% CI (cid:2) 57% to 79%), and 52% (95% CI (cid:2) 36% to 69%), respectively. Freedom from reoperation was 72% (95% CI (cid:2) 54% to 86%) at 20 years. Complications with anticoagulation occurred in 29 patients; with valve thrombosis, in 2; and with hemorrhage, in 27 (4 life threatening and 23 minor). Freedom from thromboembolism was 91% (95% CI (cid:2) 77% to 98%) at 20 years. Freedom from endocarditis was 99% (95% CI (cid:2) 92% to 100%) at 20 years. Multivariate analysis revealed preoperative mitral valve regurgitation ( (cid:3) 3 to 4) and older age to be significant predictors of late death ( P (cid:1) 0.005), and Marfan syndrome, initial valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction, and need for a concomitant procedure at initial operation to be significant predictors of the need for reoperation ( P (cid:1) 0.01). Conclusions —Aortic root replacement for aortic root aneurysms can be done with low morbidity and mortality. Composite valve conduit reconstruction resulted in a durable result. There were few serious complications related to the need for long-term anticoagulation or a prosthetic valve. Reoperation was most commonly required because of failure of the aortic valve when a valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction was performed or for other cardiac or aortic disease elsewhere. ( Circulation . 2004;110:1364-1371.)
Analysis and simulation of scale-up potentials in reverse electrodialysis

AbstractThe reverse electrodialysis (RED) process has been widely accepted as a viable and promising technology to produce electric energy from salinity difference (salinity gradient power e.g. using river water/seawater or seawater and concentrated brines). Recent R&D efforts demonstrated how an appropriate design of the RED unit and a suitable selection of process conditions may crucially enhance the process performance. With this regard, a process simulator was developed and validated with experimental data collected on a laboratory-scale unit, providing a new modelling tool for process optimisation. In this work, performed within the REAPower project (www.reapower.eu), a process simulator previously proposed by the same authors has been modified in order to predict the behaviour of a cross-flow RED unit. The model was then adopted to investigate the influence of the most important variables (i.e. solution properties and stack geometry) on the overall process performance. In particular, the use of diff.
Impact of crop density and soil fertilization on sugar beet

Sugar beet is an important industrial crop and the second highest source of sugar providing after sugar cane. Around 30% of the total annual sugar production in the world is from sugar beets. In order to evaluate the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilization on sugar beets, two field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in two different locations of Iran including Experimental Research fields in Agriculture and Natural Resources center, Mashhad, and agricultural research farm of sugar factory in Torbat-Jam, 2011. Studied factors consisted three crop densities (60,000, 90,000, and 120,000 plants per hectare), three nitrogen fertilizer levels (0%, 50%, and 100% requirement to nitrogen) and Two levels of biological fertilizers (Application of Nitroxin and without application biological fertilizer). Nitroxin is biologic fertilizer with Azosprolium bacteria and Nitrobacteria. Generally this study showed increment plant density from 60000 to 120000 plants per hectare generally decreased the impurities sodium and potassium in root pulp in both Torbat-jam and Mashhad locations. Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained. By increasing nitrogen application up to 200 kg per hectare, the percentages of extractable sugar and pure sugar in root pulp were increased. As a conclusion, biological fertilizer application in sugar beet could increase qualitative characteristics of sugar beets root and reduced consumption of chemical nitrogen fertilizer in both locations.
Comparison of Four Merlot Clonal Selections in the Salinas Valley

The viticultural performance of four selections of Merlot was evaluated in a vineyard near Soledad in the Salinas Valley of California. All clonal material originated from the Foundation Plant Material Service (FPMS), University of California, Davis. Merlot selections FPMS 1, 3, 6, and 8 were evaluated for five years (1993 to 1997) for yield, growth, and fruit composition parameters. All clonal material was harvested on the same date. Yield was similar for FPMS 1, 3, and 6 and significantly lower for FPMS 8. Yield differences were due to cluster size and weight. Pruning weight was highest for FPMS 8; intermediate for FPMS 3 and 6; and lowest for FPMS 1. Brix and pH were higher for FPMS 8.
Influence of target surfaces on the atomic oxygen distribution in the effluent of a micro-scaled atmospheric pressure plasma jet

Micro-scaled plasma jets with reactive process gases, e.g. oxygen, are applied for localized surface treatment. Here, investigations of the development and the spatial distribution of atomic oxygen are reported in the post-discharge effluent of a micro-scaled atmospheric pressure plasma jet. These measurements are supplemented by installation of planar targets of various materials in the effluent. The reactive species are detected by means of two-photon laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy from the discharge, through the free effluent, up to distances of about 200 µm in front of a planar surface. Ozone density profiles are measured by UV absorption spectroscopy. The effect of the effluent on gold and plastic substrates and vice versa is investigated. In the free effluent, the atomic oxygen density falls off exponentially to about 2 × 1015 cm−3 at a distance of 6 mm from the jet's nozzle. The implementation of a plastic target does not disturb the O distribution, resulting in a strictly localized etching of the target. In contrast, mounting of a gold target increases the oxygen density and spreads its distribution close to the target. For correlation, surface modifications by plasma treatment of plastic and gold substrates are analysed by UV laser microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.