Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of primer-probe sets among different master mixes for laboratory screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Background: The shortage of chemical reagents for severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis and the surge of SARS-CoV-2 cases, especially in limited-resource settings. Therefore, the combination of an optimal assay kit is necessary. Methods: We compared the ability to screen SARS-CoV-2 among three primer-probe sets added into two different master mixes (Invitrogen SuperScript III One-Step RT-PCR, and LightCycler Multiplex RNA Virus Master). Results: The assay with TIB-Molbiol, IDT, and Phu Sa sets for LightCycler Multiplex RNA Virus Master or Invitrogen SuperScript III One-Step RT-PCR showed positive results from a single reaction of triplicate in the three days of 4.8 copies per reaction, with R-square and amplification efficiently (AE) were 0.97 and ranged from 107 to 108%, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings indicated TIB-Molbiol, IDT, and Phu Sa primer-probe sets could be beneficial for the laboratory screening of SARS-CoV-2 by Realtime RT-PCR assay of E gene. There is a need for considering the combination of these reagent sets as a new strategy to increase testing capacity for screening programs for COVID-19.
Description of Nearly Completed Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of the Garden Chafer Polyphylla laticollis manchurica, Endangered in Korea (Insecta: Coleoptera)

In this study, we present the nearly complete mitogenome sequences of the garden chafer, Polyphylla laticollis manchurica, which is listed as an endangered species in Korea. The P. l. manchurica mitogenome, which includes unfinished whole A+T-rich region and a partial srRNA was 14,473-bp long, possessing typical sets of genes (13 PCGs, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes). Gene arrangement of the P. l. manchurica mitogenome was identical to the common one found in the majority of insects. The 5 bp-long motif sequence (TAGTA) that has been suggested to be the possible binding site for the transcription termination peptide for the major-strand was also found in the P. l. manchurica mitogenome between tRNA Ser (UCN) and ND1. The start codon for COI gene and ATPase8 was designated as a typical TTG. All tRNAs of the P. l. manchurica showed a stable canonical clover-leaf structure of other mt tRNAs, except for tRNA Ser (AGN), DHU arm of which could not form stable stemloop structure. As has been previously determined, the high A/T content was unanimously observed in P. l. manchurica in terms of A/T bias in the third codon position (73.5%) compared with the first (66.4%) and second codon position (66.2%). The PCGs encoded in major-strands are slightly T-skewed, whereas those of the minor-strand are A-skewed, indicating strand asymmetry in nucleotide composition in the Coleoptera including P. l.
Are Suboptimal in utero Conditions Associated with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Caucasian children?

Objective: To explore the association between in utero exposure to suboptimal gestational factors (SGF:gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy), childhood obesity, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: Data were obtained from the quebec adiposity and lifestyle investigation in youth longitudinal study composed of 630 caucasian children recruited at age 8-10 ( V1, n=619) and followed up 2 years later (V2, n=557). Simple logistic regression models were used. Results: In the cohort, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of obesity (OR1=2.00, 95% CI 1.25-3.20, OR2=2.29, 95% IC 1.26-4.16) at both visit and with high waist circumference (OR1=1.96, 95% IC 1.24-3.1) at V1. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy were associated with higher odds of obesity (OR1=2.37, 95% CI 1.17-4.80) at visit 1. Joint exposure to SGF was associated with higher odds of high waist circumference (OR1=1.42, 95% CI 1.06-1.91) at V1, obesity (OR2= 1.63, 95% IC 1.153-2.32) at V2 and low level of HDL (OR2=1.45, 95% IC 1.04-2.03) at V2. Analysis stratification by sex revealed that boys were more adversely affected by exposure to combined SGF while girls were more affected by exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Conclusion: In utero exposure to an independent or combined SGF is associated with adverse adipose and cardiometabolic profiles in children, with sex specificities.
Increase in milt production by hormonal treatment in the pejerrey fish Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes 1835)

In spite of interest in the cultivation of the pejerrey ¢sh Odontesthes bonariensis (Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835), there are few studies on subjects required to advance this activity. One of the problems is the synchronization of female and male maturation to provide eggs and sperm for larval production. The low volume of expressible milt, either in wild or culture ¢sh, is a major problem. The aim of this work was to study the eiectiveness of the administration of diierent hormones on sperm production in pejerrey. Milt production was enhanced by the injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (16.7-fold increase, 625 IU kg 1 ), carp pituitary extracts (13.5-fold increase, 30 mg kg 1 ), salmon pituitary extracts (12.8fold increase, 30 mg kg 1 ), salmon-type gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH) (16.7-fold increase, 10m gk g 1 ) and mammalian-type GnRH analogue (10.8-fold increase, 20m gk g 1 ). Sperm concentration, motility and the fertilization rate were not statistically diierent compared with control groups. It was also demonstrated that sperm could be obtained oi-season. Taken together, hCG is recommended to stimulate pejerrey spermiation because it is eiective in low doses is inexpensive and is widely available.
Social elites can emerge naturally when interaction in networks is restricted

Animal (and human) societies characterized by dominance hierarchies invariably suffer from inequality. The rise of inequality has 3 main prerequisites: 1) a group in which inequality can emerge, 2) the existence of differences in payoff, and 3) a mechanism that initiates, accumulates, and propagates the differences. Hitherto, 2 kinds of models have been used to study the processes involved. In winner–loser models of inequality (typical in zoology), the 3 elements are independent. In division-of-labor models of inequality, the first 2 elements are linked, whereas the third is independent. In this article, we propose a new model, that of synchronized group action, in which all 3 elements are linked. Under these conditions, agent-based simulations of communal action in multilayered communities naturally give rise to endogenous status, emergent social stratification, and the rise of elite cliques. We show that our 3 emergent social phenomena (status, stratification, and elite formation) react to natural variations in merit (the capacity to influence others’ decisions). We also show that the group-level efficiency and inequality consequences of these emergent phenomena define a space for social institutions that optimize efficiency gain in some fitness-related respect, while controlling the loss of efficiency and equality in other respects.
Efficient somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from protoplast culture of Crocus sativus L.

The present study reports an efficient protocol for isolation and culture of protoplasts directly from embryogenic calli derived from shoot meristem culture of Crocus sativus L. Embryogenic calli were induced on Linsmaier and Skoog (1965) medium containing 4 mg/L kinetin and 1 or 4 mg/L 2,4-D. Protoplasts were isolated, embedded in Ca-alginate beads and cultured with nurse cells in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2 mg/L kinetin, 1 mg/L 2,4-D, 100 mg/L ascorbic acid and 0.3 M mannitol at 25°C in darkness. After 4-5 weeks of culture, microcalli appeared on the surface of the Ca-alginate beads. Transferring beads to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L kinetin and 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D increased the growth of embryogenic calli. Somatic embryo development was observed on 1/2 MS medium with 1 mg/L ABA. Maturated embryos germinated on a medium containing 25 mg/L GA 3 . Transferring germinated embryos to a medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA and incubation at 20°C in a 16/8 hour light/dark cycle promoted conversion efficiency up to 88%.
Spring Weather and COVID-19 Deaths in the U.S.

This study used statistically robust regression models to control for a large set of confounders (including county-level time-invariant factors and time trends, regional-level daily variation, state-level social distancing measures, ultraviolet light, and levels of ozone and fine particulate matter, PM2.5) to estimate a reliable rather than simple regression for the impact of weather on the most accurately measured outcome of COVID-19, death. When the average minimum temperature within a five-day window increased by one degree Fahrenheit in spring 2020, daily death rates in northern U.S. counties increased by an estimated 5.1%. When ozone concentration over a five-day window rose by one part per billion, daily death rates in southern U.S. counties declined by approximately 2.0%. Maximum temperature, precipitation, PM2.5, and ultraviolet light did not significantly associate with COVID-19 mortality. The mechanism that may drive the observed association of minimum temperature on COVID-19 deaths in spring months may be increased mobility and contacts. The effect of ozone may be related to its disinfectant properties, but this requires further confirmation.
Social and Genetic Mating System of the American Golden-Plover

Abstract. Shorebirds are exceptionally diverse in their social mating systems, and genetic analyses of a few species have revealed further variation in genetic mating systems. The ecological and evolutionary causes of this variation are largely unknown. We studied the mating system of American Golden-Plovers (Pluvialis dominica) at Barrow, Alaska, between 2004 and 2009. In this arctic population, birds bred in socially monogamous pairs, as has been seen in other populations, yet rates of philopatry and mate fidelity were low. We used microsatellite DNA markers to analyze parentage and found that most offspring originated from monogamous matings, but 8% of 131 offspring and 16% of 37 nests were the result of nonmonogamous matings. One nest was ambiguous; it was either a full clutch sired through extra-pair copulation or represented an instance of social polygyny. Despite wide variation in synchrony of breeding and density of nesting both within and among breeding seasons, these ecological variables were unrelated to mating patterns. We speculate that the low rate of pair fidelity and the high rate of extrapair paternity are linked, because the lack of familiarity between partners reduces benefits of monogamy. Further study of breeding behavior and rates of philopatry are needed to understand why, among socially monogamous shorebirds, the American Golden-Plover has high rates of extra-pair paternity.
A New Species of Sexually Dimorphic Electric Knifefish from the Amazon Basin, Brazil (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae)

Apteronotus lindalvae, a new species of sexually dimorphic electric knifefish, is described from the Rio Uatumã, Amazon basin, Brazil. This is the first species of Apteronotus, outside the Apteronotus albifrons complex, known to inhabit rapids and waterfalls of Amazonian Rivers, being reophilic. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a unique feature, the presence of an unpigmented dorsal stripe extending from the tip of the chin to beyond the posterior border of the eye, but never extending as far back as the branchial opening. It is also distinguished by the total number of anal-fin rays and the length of the caudal fin. The description of A. lindalvae increases to 19 the number of species in Apteronotus. Apteronotus lindalvae, uma nova espécie sexualmente dimórfica de peixe elétrico é descrita do rio Uatumã, na bacia Amazônica, Brasil. Apteronotus lindalvae é a primeira espécie de Apteronotus encontrada em corredeiras e cachoeiras dos rios da Amazônia, além destes que fazem parte do complexo Apteronotus albifrons, a ser considerada de hábito reofílico. A espécie nova é diferenciada de todos os congêneres por uma característica exclusiva, a presença de uma faixa clara dorsal que se estende da ponta do focinho até a borda posterior do olho, mas nunca se extendendo além da abertura branquial. Assim como pode ser diferenciada pelo número total de raios da nadadeira anal, e o comprimento da nadadeira caudal. A descrição de A. lindalvae eleva para 19 o número de espécies em Apteronotus.
Lactational response of Friesian cows suckled in early lactation.

Multiple suckling is a labour saving alternative to conventional bucket rearing. This paper collates results that compare the effects of machine milking and multiple suckling in early lactation on subsequent lactational and reproductive performance in multiparous Friesian cows. A report is also made of the effects of duration of twice daily suckling up to eight weeks on post partum anoestrus interval (PPAI).
Inhibitory effect of thuringiensin and abamectin on digestive enzymes and non‐specific esterases of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lep., Noctuidae) larvae

The effect of abamectin (Avermectin B1) and thuringiensin (β‐exotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis) on the main digestive enzymes and non‐specific esterases in Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) larvae was determined. The fifth‐instar larvae were allowed to feed for only 24 h on leaves treated with sublethal concentrations of each compound, i.e. 5, 20 and 200 ppm through three successive generations, respectively. In enzyme assays, at F1‐generation, abamectin (5 ppm) caused a remarkable decrease in invertase, amylase and trehalase activities by 81, 76 and 54%, respectively, compared to those recorded in the control larvae at day 3 after treatment. The body weights of larvae fed on abamectin‐treated leaves (5 ppm), generally decreased continuously during feeding periods; this decrease was directly proportional to the lower enzymatic activity. At F3‐generation, abamectin (200 ppm) reduced amylase activity by 21 and 46% at 2‐and 3‐day feeding periods, respectively.
Biologic Responses to IFN-α Administration in Humans

Although interferon-α (IFN-α) was discovered over 40 years ago, it was many years before it was registered as a therapeutic agent. Because of its unique qualities, it has been registered for both antiviral and antitumor indications. In addition to its therapeutic effects in viral diseases and cancer, IFN-α interferes with several important physiologic systems. It interacts with the immune system and affects several neuroendocrine and metabolic circuits. The specific mechanisms by which IFN-α exerts its therapeutic effects are complex, and it is very difficult to tie the biologic actions of IFN-α to specific clinical effects.
Dietary relationships among Nearctic and Neotropical migratory shorebirds in a key coastal wetland of South America

Abstract Dietary requirements influence the structure of shorebird assemblages, and information on diet is a key to understanding why and when particular species of shorebird use an area and how competition for food might shape their geographical distributions. We describe the diet and patterns of use of food resources of four migratory shorebirds at Samborombón Bay, Argentina, one of the most important sites for shorebirds in the western hemisphere. The birds consumed items representing at least 15 taxa but only a few taxa comprised the main resources consumed. The four species of shorebird showed dietary flexibility influenced by season and tidal level. Co-occurring species showed complementary differentiation in two dimensions of their respective trophic niches (taxonomic composition, size-class). The greatest differences in taxonomic composition of the diet were between Red Knots, which fed mainly on molluscs, and the other three species, which fed mainly on polychaetes. Polychaete consumers that co-occurred during autumn (Hudsonian Godwit and White-rumped Sandpiper) focussed on different prey sizes. Alternatively, shorebirds that co-occurred during winter (Hudsonian Godwits and Two-banded Plovers) fed mainly on polychaete of similar size but showed differences in the taxonomic composition of their diets. Interspecific competition for food resources might shape the composition of the shorebird assemblage of our study area during the austral autumn and winter.
Carbon accumulation in peatland

(1) Models of peat accumulation are developed that include constant, linear and quadratic decay of dry mass remaining. Profiles of dry bulk density of 795 peatlands distributed over Finland are used to infer cumulative carbon for each site. These values and basal ages are themselves used to infer rates of growth and decay of the peat. (2) A method, 'function parameter fitting' (FPF), is devised to estimate parameter values in non-linear functions when there are uncertainties in both variables, as there are in cumulative carbon and age. Where the data are highly variable then results with FPF are substantially different from those used hitherto that assume uncertainty in only the dependent variable. (3) For five regions in Finland and in Boreal Canada the inferred rate of addition, p* [M L -2 T -1 ], is related to degree-days above zero, and decay, a* [T -1 ] is related logarithmically to mean annual temperature. The present day rate of accumulation of carbon in northern peatlands is about 5.6 Tmol yr -1 or, as dry mass, 0.07 Gt yr -1 . (4) There are difficulties in the interpretation of LARCA (=LORCA=long term average rate of carbon accumulation). Understanding of peatland dynamics may result from the use of intrinsic models allowing decay: it is unlikely to emerge from the exotic models in common use.
Suffering in primary care nurses

How to cite this article: Pires, L. M. , Monteiro, M. J., & Vasconcelos-Raposo, J. J. (2020). Suffering in primary care nurses. Revista de Enfermagem Referência, 5(1), e19096. doi: 10.12707/RIV19096AI. Abstract Background: Suffering in nurses is associated with the delivery of care to patients in suffering and factors related to the working conditions. It is a multidimensional experience that occurs in situations of loss, damage, or threat to human integrity. Objective: To compare the mean scores in the dimensions of suffering (Emotional Pain, Relational Loss, and Avoidance) based on the sociodemographic and professional variables of nurses. Methodology: A descriptive and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted with a sample of 100 nurses. A self-administered questionnaire was applied, as well as the Caregiver Grief Scale for assessing suffering. Results: Women with children, with a partner, without specialization in nursing, and with more years of service had higher mean scores of suffering. In men, the highest mean scores were found in nurses without children, without a partner, with specialization in nursing, and with more years of service. Conclusion: Nurses showed higher mean scores of suffering in the dimension of Emotional Pain, followed by Relational Loss, and Avoidance, and suffering was higher among women.
Effects comparison of the short-time Mellissa Officinalis L supplementation and downhill running on the blood factors in young swimmers

The purpose of this study was to research the effects of downhill running and short-time Mellissa Officinalis supplementation on the blood elements in male athletes. For this purpose reason, 20 healthy male swimmers were chosen randomly and were divided into two groups of 10 members. The amount of hemoglobin, hematocrit and leukocytes was measured in the basic level, before and after supplementation. After data collection, the variance analysis test was done for evaluation of time series and also Bonferroni test and the independent t-test were used significantly for evaluation of the differences among groups. Also, the significant level of p<0.05 was used. Evaluation of research findings has shown that after supplementation the blood elements increased less in the group of Mellissa Officinalis L than the other group as a result of downhill running. In general, we conclude that this herbal supplement can decrease the hemoglobin, hematocrit and leukocytes caused by downhill running.
X-LXMERT: Paint, Caption and Answer Questions with Multi-Modal Transformers

Mirroring the success of masked language models, vision-and-language counterparts like ViLBERT, LXMERT and UNITER have achieved state of the art performance on a variety of multimodal discriminative tasks like visual question answering and visual grounding. Recent work has also successfully adapted such models towards the generative task of image captioning. This begs the question: Can these models go the other way and generate images from pieces of text? Our analysis of a popular representative from this model family - LXMERT - finds that it is unable to generate rich and semantically meaningful imagery with its current training setup. We introduce X-LXMERT, an extension to LXMERT with training refinements including: discretizing visual representations, using uniform masking with a large range of masking ratios and aligning the right pre-training datasets to the right objectives which enables it to paint. X-LXMERT's image generation capabilities rival state of the art generative models while its question answering and captioning abilities remains comparable to LXMERT. Finally, we demonstrate the generality of these training refinements by adding image generation capabilities into UNITER to produce X-UNITER.
A SIMPLIFIED TWO-SWITCHING-BASED MODEL-FREE PREDICTIVE CURRENT CONTROLLER FOR AN INTERIOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM

This paper presents a simplified two-switching-based modelfree predictive current control (STSB-MFPCC) method as well as its application to interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive systems. Unlike existing model predictive current controller (MPCC) that uses 7 basic voltage vectors, STSB-MFPCC employs 19 synthesized ones, with each of which consisting of two basic voltage vectors. The new method does not require any information about the load parameters, back electromotive force, nor the system model. Compared to modelbased controllers, the proposed one has a distinctive and appealing nature in that it is much less sensitive to system parameter variations. A digital signal controller, TMS320F28377S, is used to realize and validate the new method and verifies its feasibility as well as performance saliency.
THE EAST ZONE CONFLICT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA – A NEW APPROACH

As a result of the USSR break up 15 new independent states appeared on the world map. One of them was the Republic of Moldova, which became known mainly due to the bloody conflict from spring-summer 1992 that took place in Transnistria – the East zone of the Republic of Moldova. Despite the fact that 10 years have past since the armed confrontations stopped and despite the efforts of the international community, the conflict is not yet solved. And the future of Moldovan State is unclear and insecure. The situation gets more and more complicated also because in Transnistria a new generation enters the active life. This is a generation that does not know other realities than the existing ones, even if anti-constitutional. At the same time, new stereotypes take roots into the public opinion. These stereotypes act as psychological barriers in the process of looking for efficient solutions. It is obvious, that the solution of this conflict will influence the future existence of Moldovan State, its emplacement into the interest geography of other states and international organizations (CIS – EU).