Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human embryonic stem cell–derived hepatoblasts are an optimal lineage stage for hepatitis C virus infection

Maturation of hepatic cells can be gradually acquired through multiple stages of hepatic lineage specification, while it is unclear whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is maturationally lineage‐dependent. We investigated the susceptibility to HCV at multiple stages of human embryonic stem cells, definitive endodermal cells, hepatic stem cells, hepatoblasts (hHBs), and mature hepatocytes. Susceptibility to infection occurred initially at the stage of human hepatic stem cells; however, hHBs proved to have the highest permissiveness and infectivity compared with all other stages. The hHBs' susceptibility to HCV correlated with the translocation of occludin, an HCV receptor, from cytoplasm to plasma membrane of HBs. Vascular endothelial cell growth factor enhanced the HCV susceptibility of hHBs through rearrangement of occludin by dephosphorylation; this minimized hHB polarization and prevented hHBs from further maturation. The transcription profiles of different hepatic lineage stages indicated that expression of innate immune response genes was correlated with hepatic maturation; interferon β played an important role in protecting hHBs from HCV infection. HCV‐infected hHBs were able to engraft and integrate into the livers of Fah–/–Rag2–/– mice and maintained an hHB phenotype for over 12 weeks during the time when HCV antigen was evident. After suppression of interferon β in hHBs, HCV infection was significantly enhanced in the engrafted humanized liver tissue of host mice. Conclusion: Human embryonic stem cell–derived hHBs are the optimal hosts for HCV infectivity; the realization that HCV entry and replication occur primarily at a particular hepatic lineage stage enables us to understand the HCV infection factors, life cycle, and infection dynamics that are facets of the pathogenesis as well as suggesting targets for anti‐HCV treatment. (Hepatology 2017;66:717–735).
Temperature Conversion (Mesophilic to Thermophilic) of Municipal Sludge Digestion (Journal Review)

A protocol proposed is described here to characterize for the conversion from mesophilic to thermophilic conditions in a pilot-scale anaerobic digester that operates with municipal mixed sludge. Furthermore, the performance of thermophilic operation relative to the previous mesophilic operating status was evaluated. The performance was evaluated in terms of a number of parameters that included organic removal rate (ORR) (kgVS/m3·d and kgCOD/m3·d), biogas and volumetric methane production rate (m3/m3·d), pH, total acidity (mg acetic acid/L) and acidity/alkalinity relationship. The digester was initially operated with an organic loading rate (OLR) of 1.26 kgVS/m3·d and a solids retention time (SRT) of 27 days under mesophilic conditions (35°C). The solids destruction efficiency was found to be 54.3%, while the volumetric biogas production in the digester reached 0.36 m3/m3·d. The strategy selected for the conversion from mesophilic to thermophilic digestion involved slowly increasing the temperature of the digester (0.38° C/d) until it reached 43°C. In this way, the temperature of the digester was raised from 43 to 45°C and then operated at a constant 45°C. The performance parameters at this temperature indicated that the digester was unstable. For this reason the OLR was decreased until feeding was suppressed. The reactor operated at 45°C for 32 days, and the temperature of the digester was then raised from 45 to 50°C (without feeding). The temperature was subsequently raised to 50 - 52°C with the system operating at variable SRT (65-52 days), and finally, the temperature was increased at a rate of 0.13°C/d until it reached 55°C. At thermophilic conditions (55°C), the OLR studied was 1.48 kgVS/m3·d (SRT: 27 days), and under these conditions the solids destruction efficiency was 53.3% VS, and the biogas produced in the digester reached 0.32 m3/m3·d. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
The rehydration potential of zea mays juice compared to carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage

The purpose of rehydration is to replace fluid and electrolyte losses. Carbohydrates and sodium are the main nutrient sources for rehydration. The presence of protein aids the rehydration process and thereby promoting muscle synthesis. Zea mays had been identified as one of the potential food sources that could be an alternative recovery beverage. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of Zea mays (ZM) juice as an alternative rehydration beverage. A total of 15 male participants were involved in this study. They were required to cycle to 70-80% of their age predicted maximum heart rate until they were dehydrated (1.8-2% body weight loss). Then they were given either ZM juice or CE drink in an amount representing 150% of their initial body weight loss. After 4-hours of rest with no other food allowed, their USG and percentage of fluid retention were calculated. Results showed that ZM juice had better retention and demonstrated well hydrated USG readings compared to CE drink. Therefore, ZM juice has the potential to be an alternative rehydration beverage.
The Role Model within Professional Training. The Complexity and Flexibility of Education Professions

content CC BY-SA 4.0 International, metadata CC0 1.0 Universal, published by Firenze University Press (www.fupress.com), ISSN 2704-5781 (online), ISBN 978-88-6453-672-9 (online PDF), ISBN 978-88-9273-119-6 (XML), DOI 10.36253/978-88-6453-672-9 * Giordana Szpunar, PhD, Assistant Professor of General Pedagogy, Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. Email: giordana.szpunar@uniroma1.it. Wrote paragraphs 2, 4, 6; Barbara Barbieri, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychology of Human Resources, Department of Social Sciences and Institutions, University of Cagliari, Italy. Wrote paragraphs 1, 3, 5. THE ROLE MODEL WITHIN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING. THE COMPLEXITY AND FLEXIBILITY OF EDUCATION PROFESSIONS
Profile Women Pregnancy with HIV Infection in Clinic Voluntary Counseling and Testing in Medan

There were 1.4 million women pregnancy with HIV in 2016 whole world. More than 90% HIV cases in children get infection by mother to child transmission. In Indonesia, out of 43,264 pregnant women who underwent HIV testing there were as many as 1,329 people (3.04%) positive HIV. The aim of study is to describe the profile women pregnancy with HIV infection in clinic voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) in Medan. This is the retrospective study. The Population is all pregnant women with HIV infection in clinic VCT in Medan. The sample was pregnant women with HIV infection in 2015 to 2017. Data collection from medical records. Analysis descriptive data was used and showed in table distribution and frequency. Total 92 respondents were studied. Majority of respondent in aged less than 35 years (75%), Bataknese (72.8%), have more than 9 years attainment of education (77.2%) and spouse education (73.9%). There are (68.8%) don’t have employment and their spouse (73.9%) work as non manual worker. They come to clinic in less than 6 month of pregnancy (64.1%), the CD4 less than 350 u/dl (65.2%), in late stadium (71.7%), receiving antiretroviral therapy more than 6 month (73.9%) and don’t have opportunistic infection (53.3%).
Cigarette smoke up‐regulates PDE3 and PDE4 to decrease cAMP in airway cells

cAMP is a central second messenger that broadly regulates cell function and can underpin pathophysiology. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a lung disease primarily provoked by cigarette smoke (CS), the activation of cAMP‐dependent pathways, via inhibition of hydrolyzing PDEs, is a major therapeutic strategy. Mechanisms that disrupt cAMP signalling in airway cells, in particular regulation of endogenous PDEs, are poorly understood.
Transfer of Small Molecules Across Membrane-Mimetic Interfaces

The presented thesis investigates the transfer of drug molecules across interfaces that mimic biological membrane barriers. The permeability of drug molecules across biological membrane mimics has been investigated in a novel artificial membrane permeation assay configuration using an in situ time-dependent approach and reproducible rotation of the membrane. A method to determine the membrane permeability from the knowledge of measured permeability and the applied stirring rate is presented. The initial transient of the permeation response, previously not observed in situ, is investigated and its importance in data evaluation is discussed. The permeability coefficients of 31 drugs are optimised for the conditions found in vivo and a correlation with the fraction absorbed in humans is presented.The evidence for ionic and/or ion-pair flux across the artificial membrane obtained from measurement of permeability at different pH is supported by the investigation of the permeation assay with external membrane polarisation. The permeability coefficient of the solute? s anionic form is determined.Liquid/liquid electrochemistry has been used to study the transfer of ionized species across the interface between water and 1,2-dichloroethane. An alternative method to study the transfer of partially ionised drug molecules employing a rotating liquid/liquid interface is presented.In addition, a bipolar electrochemical cell with a rotating-disc electrode is developed and its properties investigated in order to verify the hydrodynamics of the rotating artificial membrane configuration.Finally, in support of the electrochemical techniques used is this thesis, a detailed preparation and evaluation of the silver/silver sulphate reference electrode is presented.
Interactive search and exploration of entity-entity relationships in a huge document corpus

—This paper presents an interactive tool developed for the search and exploration of named entities and their relationships. The tool sits on top of an entity-based search engine, which previously has extracted and indexed all entities from a potentially huge document corpus. Relatedness between different entities is calculated based on entity n-tuples in the document corpus. The relatedness measure between entities is calculated during indexing time, which makes the algorithm very fast and usable for interactive application. Furthermore, the user can search for entities and their relationships to other entities using an interactive auto-completion and suggestion service. Related entities can then be ﬁltered further by a multi-preﬁx search as well as based on type restrictions from an existing classiﬁcation taxonomy. Another powerful feature is the merging of multiple entities into a group which allows the extraction of entities related to this group. A graphical interface is proposed with an entity or entity group as a central point, surrounded by the most n -related entities, based on some restrictions formulated by the user.
Metalinguistic Intuitions and Dominant Language Transfer in Heritage Spanish Syllabification

While heritage speakers of Spanish have been shown to differ from monolingual speakers along many morphosyntactic lines, comparatively few studies in heritage linguistics have focused on phonology. To test whether the knowledge of English phonotactics would influence Spanish-English heritage speaker syllabification patterns in Spanish, 29 heritage and 29 monolingual speakers of Spanish completed a paper-and-pencil syllabification task in which they divided 80 Spanish words into syllables. Stimuli were controlled for comparisons between Spanish and English phonotactic constraints. Specific attention was placed on the syllabification of vocalic sequences as diphthongs or hiatus. Based on the distribution of diphthongs in English, and the findings of cognate effects in a similar study by Zárate-Sández (2011), heritage speakers were predicted to break diphthongs into hiatus more often in cognates than noncognates, more often when the English translation of a cognate presented hiatus, more in rising diphthongs than in falling diphthongs, and more often when a rising diphthong contained a palatal rather than velar glide. These effects were all present in heritage speaker results. No significant effects were found for monolingual controls. These findings offer new data to the understudied field of heritage phonology and to the ongoing discussion of dominant language transfer effects.
THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN CAPITAL INFLOW ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES

This study is an attempt to analyze the impact of foreign capital inflows on economic growth in selected Asian countries. In this association, we test the hypothesis “foreign capital inflows affect positively economic growth in selected Asian countries. ” The Empirical analysis is made through Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation approach using data set of six selected Asian countries from 1990-2013. The findings of the study reveal that long run economic growth in selected Asian countries is largely explained by foreign capital inflows. In addition the findings of the study indicate that physical capital and trade openness also explain the pace of economic growth positively. The study concludes that in selected Asian countries foreign capital, physical capital, and trade openness are the key determinants of economic growth.
e-Commerce and Marketing Literacy in Raudatul Hasanah Students’ Business Medan

: This paper is a concept of e-commerce and marketing management training in facing the revolution industry era for Raudatul Hasanah students in Medan. Through this program, it is expected that they had the knowledge and prepared the hardest competition. The method used is experiential learning method and the concept of literature study about them. The delivery in the form of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the power point presentation. After it is conducted, there are many questions by the participants and they hoped both the practitioners and the academic assistance to realize this activity.
Protective Effect of Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Leaf Extract on Liver of Trypanosoma evansi Infected Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

: Animal trypanosomiasis is still a devastating disease of both domestic and wild animals around the world. Control of surra is greatly depending on chemotherapy. The aim of this research was to observe histological changes in the liver of T.evansi infected rats treated with different concentrations of neem ( Azadirachta indica ) leaf extract. Samples used were livers collected from 24 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 6 treatment groups with 4 replications each. Negative control (K 0 ) was rats given distilled water only; positive control (K1) was rats infected with T.evansi 5x10 4 ; K2, K3, K4, and K5 were rats infected with T. evansi 5x10 4 and administered with neem leaf extract 50, 100, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight (BW) per oral for 3 consecutive days, respectively. On day 4, all rats were sacrificed by ether euthanation for liver collection. Livers obtained were histopathologically processed using standard hematoxylin-eosin staining and microscopically observed. Histological changes in the liver of rats in all treatment groups were as the following. Normal hepatocytes were K 0 63.65, K 1 27.25, K 2 15.15, K 3 12.90, K 4 20.30, and K 5 24.85. Haemorrhagic hepatocytes were K 0 0.00, K 1 15.60, K 2 10.60, K 3 17.75, K 4 6.30 and K 5 9.05. Hyperemic hepatocytes were K 0 0.00, K 1 2.35, K 2 3.70, K 3 3.25, K 4 2.25 and K 5 2.25. Infiltration of inflamation cells were K 0 0.00, K 1 2.75, K 2 3.90, K 3 14.65, K 4 2.55, and K5 2.70. Hepatocyte degeneration was K 0 0.00, K 1 6.30, K 2 6.95, K 3 10.15, K 4 4.15, and and K 5 1.00. Necrotic hepatocytes were K 0 1.55, K 1 32.20, K 2 43.80, K 3 45.00, K 4 31.25, and K 5 34.20. Neem leaf extract at the dose of 800 mg/kg BW was the best in preventing liver damages caused by T. evansi infection in rats.
Phenomenology

: The phenomenology of trauma is a historical, epistemological, and methodic inquiry that wishes to test the validity of an already settled dynamic model of surprise as shock-rupture based on its correlated inner structures of attention (as an open awaiting) and emotion (as a perduring resonance). Thanks to an integrative approach, crossing (micro)phenomenological subjective experiences and empirical (neuro and physiological) data, we hope to renew the understanding of the blank lived experience of trauma and the passive preconscious dynamics of traumatism, as well as to generate possible therapeutic effects.
FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY AND INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM OF NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE LOTUS ISLAMIC INDEX

In 2012 the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) in collaboration with an Islamic fund manager launched Lotus Islamic Index (LII) to attract investors and fund managers interested in businesses that are compliant with shari'ah law particularly those from Asia and Middle East. The emphasis of shari'ah compliant businesses is that they are fundamentally based on ethical low-risk approach; they create links between the financial sector and real sector through in-built checks and balances through risk and profit-sharing structures. The primary objective of the study is to examine the financial reporting quality and the internal control system of the 15 companies that made the Lotus Islamic Index for period of 2012-2016. A quantitative panel data approach was employed based on extracted information from the annual reports and accounts of these companies. Multiple regressions aided the analysis of the data collected; findings revealed that the internal control system significantly relates to financial reporting quality. The study recommends the sustainability of the business approaches and policy framework of these companies by their management.
Road traffic infringements and crash risk: is there evidence of a deterring influence?

This paper presents the results of a case-case-time-control study that aimed to determine whether infringements for traffic offences have a deterring influence on driver behaviour, measured by crash involvement. Licensing, infringements and crash data from Victorian drivers aged 40+ was used. The risk of receiving an infringement in the period prior to a crash was higher than in a comparable period. Infringements may not be effectively changing driver behaviour, and thus reducing the risk of crash involvement. Other approaches to changing driver behaviour may be necessary in order to enhance safety on the roads.
Abstract CT141: Genetic landscape of premenopausal HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) based on comprehensive circulating tumor DNA analysis and association with clinical outcomes in the Phase III MONALEESA-7 trial

Background: The genetic landscape of premenopausal hormone receptor-positive (HR+) ABC is not well understood. The Phase III MONALEESA-7 study (NCT02278120), the first trial of endocrine therapy ± a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor for premenopausal patients (pts) with HR+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) ABC, demonstrated that the addition of ribociclib (RIB) to a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) or tamoxifen (TAM) + goserelin (GOS) significantly extended progression-free survival (PFS; Tripathy D, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2018). We conducted a comprehensive ctDNA genomic analysis from MONALEESA-7. Methods: Premenopausal pts with HR+/HER2- ABC were randomized 1:1 to RIB or placebo (PBO) + NSAI (letrozole [LET] or anastrozole) or TAM + GOS. Plasma samples for ctDNA analysis were collected at baseline and end of treatment. ctDNA was analyzed using next-generation sequencing (targeted panel of 550 genes). Results: Among the 489 pts with ctDNA analyzed at baseline, the most common alterations were in PIK3CA (28%), TP53 (19%), CCND1 (11%), MYC (8%), and GATA3 (8%). Poorer prognosis in both treatment groups was most evident in patients with TP53 and MYC alterations. A PFS treatment effect in favor of RIB was noted in all subsets, independent of biomarker status (Table). However, based on HR, a trend for more pronounced benefit with RIB + NSAI/TAM + GOS was observed in pts with altered CCND1, GATA3, and genes involved in receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Conclusions: RIB + NSAI/TAM + GOS provided PFS benefit irrespective of baseline biomarker alteration status and represents recommended first-line therapy for pts with premenopausal HR+/HER2- ABC. The genetic landscape of premenopausal ABC might modulate the magnitude of therapeutic benefit; these novel findings require confirmation in additional biomarker studies. Citation Format: Aditya Bardia, Faye Su, Nadia Solovieff, Seock-Ah Im, Joohyuk Sohn, Keun Seok Lee, Saul Campos-Gomez, Kyung Hae Jung, Rafael Villanueva Vazquez, Yen-Shen Lu, Fabio Franke, Sara Hurvitz, Nadia Harbeck, Louis Chow, Karen Rodriguez Lorenc, Tetiana Taran, Naveen Babbar, Debu Tripathy. Genetic landscape of premenopausal HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) based on comprehensive circulating tumor DNA analysis and association with clinical outcomes in the Phase III MONALEESA-7 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT141.
Financial Literacy and Lifestyle among Housewives

The study aims to understand how socioeconomic status affects financial literacy and its impact on housewives’ lifestyle. This paper applied quantitative research using path analysis. The data were collected from 97 housewives by using simple random sampling technique in Malang. The findings showed that socioeconomic status affects financial literacy, socioeconomic status also directly influences lifestyle, while financial literacy has no effect on lifestyle. In order to achieve a high level of financial literacy, housewives should improve their education and they have to always motivate the community to be able to increase their understanding of financial literacy. Moreover, there should be more programs in empowering housewives together with the improvement of financial literacy so the welfare can be achieved at a greater level and
Kinetics and mechanism

Empirical Treatment of Reaction Rates. Experimental Methods and Treatment of Data. Elementary Processes: Molecular Collisions. Elementary Processes: Potential Energy Surfaces and Transition--State Theory. Simple Gas--Phase Reactions--Interplay of Theory and Experiment. Reactions in Solution. Complex Reactions. Homogeneous Catalysts. Chain Reactions. Photochemistry. Appendix.
Students Engagement in Memorizing Al-Qur’an

This research explores the formation of students engagement in memorizing Al-Qur’an. We predict motivation, self-efficacy, and social support as factors contribute to students engagement formation. Participants are 357 pesantren (tahfidz) students in Indonesia. Using quantitative methods, we delivered the questioner measuring: (1) students engagement, (2) motivation, (3) self-efficacy, and (4) social support. The result showed that there is a significant influence of motivation, self-efficacy, and social support as factors contribute to students engagement in memorizing Al-Qur’an. The sub variable ‘amotivation’, self-efficacy and peer support are significantly influence the engagement process.