Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geometric Segmentation of 3D Scanned Surfaces for Multi-Sensor Coordinate Metrology

In modern industry, multi-sensor metrology methods are increasingly applied for fast and accurate 3D data acquisition. These method typically start with fast initial digitization by an optical digitizer, the obtained 3D data is analyzed to extract information to provide guidance for precise re-digitization and multi-sensor data fusion. The raw output measurement data from optical digitizer is dense unsorted points with defects. Therefore a new method of analysis has to be developed to process the data and prepare it for metrological verification. This article presents a novel algorithm to manage measured data from optical systems. A robust edge-points recognition method is proposed to segment edge-points from a 3D point cloud. The remaining point cloud is then divided into different patches by applying the Euclidean distance clustering. A simple RANSAC-based method is used to identify the feature of each segmented data patch and derive the parameters. Subsequently, a special region growing algorithm is designed to refine segment the under-segmentation regions. The proposed method is experimentally validated on various industrial components. Comparisons with state-of-the-art methods indicate that the proposed method for feature surface extraction is feasible and capable of achieving favorable performance and facilitating automation of industrial components.
Evanescent-mode ridged waveguide bandpass filters with improved performance

New types of evanescent-mode bandpass filters based on the ridged waveguide sections are considered. Insertion of additional inductive strips between the ridge sections enables one to reduce the longitudinal filter size, increase the cross section of the ridged waveguide housing, and achieve a sufficient improvement of stopband characteristics. Results of designing the millimeter-wave filters and comparison with the measured data are presented.
Evaluating the Performance of Language GANs with Small Seed Corpora

Recently many deep learning models have been proposed for language generation. Language Generative Adversarial Nets (language GANs) are one of them. Language GANs have been presented as giving good results when trained with large corpora. However, the availability of such large corpora does not hold all the time, particularly if the requirement is to generate a larger data set using a relatively smaller seed corpus. Although extensive evaluations have been carried out to compare existing language GANs, all these experiments have used large seed corpora. Therefore they do not give an indication of the usability of language GANs w.r. t. small corpora. In this paper, we present a series of experiments that we carried out to determine the viability of language GANs for language generation with small corpora. Based on our experiments, we were able to identify some models that provide acceptable results that look promising with small data sets.
The effect of visual cues on muscular activation in the lower limbs of Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait: a preliminary study

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, especially in advanced stages. Visual cues, such as the laser, have been confirmed to improve kinematic performance and alleviate FOG incidences. However, the muscular effect is unknown. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of visual cues on muscular activity in the lower limbs of PD patients with FOG. Surface EMG signals of the tibialis anterior (TA), lateral gastrocnemius (GL), rectus femoris (RF), and biceps femoris (BF) muscles were collected from eight patients (FOGer) and eight healthy elderly (HC) in both normal walking and walking with laser cues. Results showed that visual cues improved FOGer’s muscular activation pattern towards normal. The RMS of TA was significantly increased in the loading response phase (p=0.02) and decreased in the pre-swing phase for FOGer (p=0.005) under visual cue. The RMS of GL in FOGer was considerably reduced in the loading response phase (p<0.001) and increased in the pre-swing phase (p=0.008) of their gait cycle. A significant strong correlation was also observed between the decrement in GL RMS during the loading response phase and the increment in GL RMS during the pre-swing phase (R=-0.952, p<0.001) incurred by visual cue in FOGer. These results indicate that the visual cues can help FOGer to modulate their muscular activation of ankle muscles, especially to normalize GL’s activation distribution during stance. For clinical purposes, future rehabilitative strategies aimed at the modulation of ankle muscles are suggested.
Demonstrating the Viability of Mapping Deep Learning Based EEG Decoders to Spiking Networks on Low-powered Neuromorphic Chips

Accurate and low-power decoding of brain signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) is key to constructing brain-computer interface (BCI) based wearable devices. While deep learning approaches have progressed substantially in terms of decoding accuracy, their power consumption is relatively high for mobile applications. Neuromorphic hardware arises as a promising solution to tackle this problem since it can run massive spiking neural networks with energy consumption orders of magnitude lower than traditional hardware. Herein, we show the viability of directly mapping a continuous-valued convolutional neural network for motor imagery EEG classification to a spiking neural network. The converted network, able to run on the SpiNNaker neuromorphic chip, only shows a 1.91% decrease in accuracy after conversion. Thus, we take full advantage of the benefits of both deep learning accuracies and low-power neuro-inspired hardware, properties that are key for the development of wearable BCI devices.
Effect of pre and post emergence herbicide on growth, yield and economics of diect seeded lowland rice

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2019-20 at Agronomy Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Nagpur, to study the effect of pre and post emergence herbicides on growth, yield and economics of direct seeded lowland rice. In respect of crop studies, weed free treatment (T2) recorded significantly higher plant height, number of tillers m, dry matter accumulation m, number of panicles m, number of grains panicle, grain yield (3541 kg ha) and straw yield (5041 kg ha) of paddy followed by pre emergence application of Pretilachlor 50 EC @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha fb post emergence application of Bispyribac sodium 10 SC @ 20 g a.i. ha at 20 DAS fb hoeing at 35 DAS (T8) and pre emergence application of Oxydiargyl 6% EC @ 100 g a.i. ha fb post emergence application of Bispyribac sodium 10 SC @ 20 g a.i. ha at 20 DAS fb hoeing at 35 DAS (T9). Maximum gross monetary returns (Rs.66789 ha), net monetary returns (Rs. 39617 ha) and B:C ratio (2.45) was obtained by the weed free treatment (T2) followed by pre emergence application of Pretilachlor 50 EC @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha fb post emergence application of Bispyribac sodium 10 SC @ 20 g a.i.ha at 20 DAS fb hoeing at 35 DAS (T8) and pre emergence application of Oxydiargyl 6% EC @ 100 g a.i. hafb post emergence application of Bispyribac sodium 10 SC @ 20 g a.i. ha at 20 DAS fb hoeing at 35 DAS (T9).
Running title: ACQUIRED Α-MANNOSIDOSIS IN LIVESTOCK Academy Section: ECOSYSTEMS

It is well known that several of the swainsonine-containing plant species found widespread around the world have a negative economic impact in each country. In Argentina, most of the information on the poisonous plant species that produce α-mannosidosis is published in Spanish and thus not available to most Englishspeaking researchers interested in toxic plants. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the information about swainsonine-containing plants in Argentina, which are extensively distributed throughout different ecoregions of the country. To date, fi ve species from three genera have been shown to induce α-mannosidosis in livestock in Argentina: Ipomoea carnea subsp. fi stulosa, Ipomoea hieronymi subsp. calchaquina (Convolvulaceae), Astragalus garbancillo, Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae), and Sida rodrigoi (Malvaceae). These species contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits the lysosomal enzyme α-mannosidase and consequently affects glycoprotein metabolism, resulting in partially metabolized sugars. The prolonged consumption of these poisonous plants produces progressive weight loss and clinical signs related to a nervous disorder, characterized by tremors of head and neck, abnormalities of gait, diffi culty in standing, ataxia and wide-based stance. Histological lesions are mainly characterized by vacuolation of different cells, especially neurons of the central nervous system. The main animal model used to study α-mannosidosis is the guinea pig because, when experimentally poisoned, it exhibits many of the characteristics of naturally intoxicated livestock.
Reduction of scouring depth by using inclined piers

The aim of this experimental study is to examine the effect of inclination of dual bridge piers on scour depth under clear-water conditions for various uniform flow depths. Duration of 4 h was used in the experiments for each run. Scour depths were measured at four different points around the piers. The depths of local scour around inclined piers were found to be substantially smaller than the scour depths around vertical piers. Dimensional and nondimensional curves were developed and presented to show the variation of scour depth with relevant parameters obtained in the dimensional analysis. Results of the study were compared to those obtained from a similar study performed with single inclined piers to see the effect of the second pier on scour depths. Useful equations for the design engineers were developed based on multiple regression analyses, to be used for predicting local scour depths around vertical and (or) inclined piers in uniform and (or) nonuniform sediments. Normalized scour depths measured.
Wearable EEG Entropy and Spectral Measures for Classification of Consumer Reward-based Evaluation of Odor Stimuli

Consumer neuroscience is a rapidly emerging field, with the ability to detect consumer attitudes and states via real-time passive technologies being highly valuable. While many studies have attempted to classify consumer emotions and perceived pleasantness of olfactory products, no known machine learning approach has yet been developed to directly predict consumer reward-based decision-making, which has greater behavioral relevance. In this proof-of-concept study, participants indicated their decision to have fragrance products repeated after fixed exposures to them. Single-trial power spectral density (PSD) and approximate entropy (ApEn) features were extracted from EEG signals recorded using a wearable device during fragrance exposures, and served as subject-independent inputs for 4 supervised learning algorithms (kNN, Linear-SVM, RBF- SVM, XGBoost). Using a cross-validation procedure, kNN yielded the best classification accuracy (77.6%) using both PSD and ApEn features. Acknowledging the challenging prospects of single-trial classification of high-order cognitive states especially with wearable EEG devices, this study is the first to demonstrate the viability of using sensor-level features towards practical objective prediction of consumer reward experience.
THE GOLF SWING : AN EXPLORATION BALANCE AND SKILL

INTRODUCTION Golf is a sport of both distance and accuracy. Distance is enhanced by greater mobility, but accuracy is associated with greater stability and lesser mobility. This apparent conflict in the mobility and stability components of balance may be resolved differently by performers of diverse skill. The purpose of this study was to explore how golfers of advanced and intermediate skill regulate balance in the golf swing.
Ventilation in patients with stage IIIB or above lung cancer

Background To investigate the distribution of lung function and ventilation dysfunction in patients with locally advanced and advanced lung cancer, and the correlation with clinical factors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients who were discharged from the respiratory department of our hospital and diagnosed with locally advanced (IIIB, IIIC) or advanced (IVA, IVB) lung cancer from October 2013 to October 2020. Demographic information, clinical data, and lung function assessments were recorded, and the proportion and type of ventilation dysfunction and the correlations between them and clinical factors were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 130 patients were included. Han nationality accounted for 99.2%, and males accounted for 79.2% of patients. The average age was 68.48±10.77 years old. In terms of the stage of lung cancer, the proportion of locally advanced IIIB/IIIC was 34.6%, and the proportion of advanced IVA/IVB was 65.4%. The lung function results were as follows: forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) was 72.27% (62.35%, 79.60%), FEV1/vital capacity (VC) was 71.35% (61.78%, 79.20%), FEV1 was 1.72±0.64 L, VC was 2.44±0.70 L, and total lung volume (TLC) was 4.41±0.97 L. Obstructive, restrictive, and mixed ventilation dysfunction accounted for 23.1%, 26.9%, 27.7%, respectively, and 93.1% had not received lung function screening or treatment before. A total of 42 cases (32.3%) had moderate or above obstruction or mixed (mainly obstruction) ventilation dysfunction. The most common symptoms were cough (88.1%), expectoration (71.4%), and dyspnea (40.5%). The chi-square test showed that male, ≥70 years old, smoking history, smoking index ≥800 years, accompanied by airway diseases [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma/chronic bronchitis], and computed tomography (CT) with atelectasis accounted for a higher proportion (P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that age (P=0.003), smoking history (P=0.04), atelectasis (P=0.004), and associated airway diseases (P=0.001) were significant related factors. Conclusions Some patients with locally advanced or advanced lung cancer have ventilation dysfunction, especially moderate or above obstruction or mixed (mainly obstruction) ventilation dysfunction. For vulnerable populations such as males, the elderly, long-term heavy smokers, patients with airway diseases, or patients with atelectasis on CT, lung function assessment and intervention should be improved to further manage the symptom control and quality of life of patients with this type of lung cancer.
The unique cytoarchitecture and wiring of the human default mode network

The default mode network (DMN), a set of brain regions in parietal, temporal and frontal cortex, is implicated in many aspects of complex thought and behavior. However, understanding the role of the DMN is complicated because is implicated in functional states that bridge traditional psychological categories and that may have antagonistic features, notably perceptually-decoupled mind-wandering vs perceptually-driven decision making. Here, we leverage post mortem histology and high field in vivo neuroimaging to show how the anatomy of the DMN helps to explain its broad functional associations. The DMN contains cytoarchitecture associated with unimodal, heteromodal, and memory-related processing, an architecture that can enable complex behaviours dependent on integration of perception and memory. Anatomically, the DMN contains regions receptive to input from sensory cortex and a core that is relatively insulated from environmental input, a division that may explain the network’s role in internally- and externally-focussed states. Finally, the DMN is unique amongst cortical networks in balancing its output across the levels of sensory processing hierarchies, a pattern that may help coordinate and homogenise distributed neural function. Together, our study establishes an anatomical foundation for mechanistic accounts of how the DMN contributes to human thought and behaviour by integrating experiences of the inner and outer worlds.
Effects of Live Music Therapy on Autonomic Stability in Preterm Infants: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Unbuffered stress levels may negatively influence preterm-infants’ autonomic nervous system (ANS) maturation, thus affecting neurobehavior and psycho-emotional development. Music therapy (MT) is an evidence-based treatment modality in neonatal care. When coupled with skin-to-skin care (SSC), it may reduce stress responses in both preterm infants and their parents and enhance family-centered care. Accordingly, we aimed to compare the effects of combined MT and SSC and SSC alone on ANS stabilization in preterm infants. In a single-center, cluster-randomized trial design, ten two-month time-clusters were randomized to either combined MT and SSC or SSC alone. Families of preterm infants were offered two sessions of the allocated condition in the NICU, and a three-month follow up session at home. The primary outcome variable was stabilization of the ANS, defined by change in the high frequency (HF) power of heart rate variability (HRV) during the second session. Secondary outcomes included other HRV measures, parent–infant attachment, and parental anxiety at each session. Sixty-eight families were included. MT combined with SSC improved infants’ ANS stability, as indicated by a greater increase in HF power during MT compared to SSC alone (mean difference 5.19 m2/Hz, SE = 1.27, p < 0.001) (95% confidence interval 0.87 to 2.05). Most secondary outcomes were not significantly different between the study groups. MT contributes to preterm-infants’ autonomic stability, thus laying an important foundation for neuro-behavioral and psycho-emotional development. Studies evaluating longer-term effects of MT on preterm infants’ development are warranted.
Creating and Implementing Lean Strategies

ean’ is both a concept that can be viewed and implemented at a number of levels and also a commitment, a process of relentless improvement, that can significantly impact upon an organisation’s health, wealth and competitiveness. Lean can resolve severe organisational problems and, additionally, can be a powerful approach to gather and unite several change initiatives that are running currently through a business. When managers first come across case studies of Lean implementation they may be extremely eager to apply the concept to their own business. However, when the same managers start to research into lean strategies and methodologies they can be literally overwhelmed (and discouraged from committing themselves to developing such a strategy) by the sheer range and scale of information available, journal articles and case studies all focused on Lean implementation. This article is focused on sorting out Lean thinking, and the strategies for implementing it, from the great body of knowledge available.
In the Bud? Disk Array Producers as a (Possibly) Emergent Organizational Form

This article develops and tests theory on when and where a new organizational form will emerge. Recent theory holds that as the number of organizations using a particular external identity code first increases beyond a critical minimal level, the code becomes an organizational form. Going beyond this formulation, we theorize about how an external identity code is established. We argue that when the identities of individual organizations are perceptually focused, they will more readily cohere into a distinct collective identity. We develop ideas about how two observable aspects of organizations might generate perceptually focused identities in a common market: (1) de novo entry and (2) agglomeration in a geographic place with a related identity. Using comprehensive data from the market for disk drive arrays, we test these ideas and an alternative by estimating effects of different specifications of organizational and product densities on rates of entry and exit for array producers. Overall, the analysis supports the notion that firms with perceptually focused identities aid in establishing an organizational form.
Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in Patients Positive for COVID-19

Background Current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) radiologic literature is dominated by CT, and a detailed description of chest radiography appearances in relation to the disease time course is lacking. Purpose To describe the time course and severity of findings of COVID-19 at chest radiography and correlate these with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2, nucleic acid. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of patients with COVID-19 confirmed by using RT-PCR and chest radiographic examinations who were admitted across four hospitals and evaluated between January and March 2020. Baseline and serial chest radiographs (n = 255) were reviewed with RT-PCR. Correlation with concurrent CT examinations (n = 28) was performed when available. Two radiologists scored each chest radiograph in consensus for consolidation, ground-glass opacity, location, and pleural fluid. A severity index was determined for each lung. The lung scores were summed to produce the final severity score. Results The study was composed of 64 patients (26 men; mean age, 56 years ± 19 [standard deviation]). Of these, 58 patients had initial positive findings with RT-PCR (91%; 95% confidence interval: 81%, 96%), 44 patients had abnormal findings at baseline chest radiography (69%; 95% confidence interval: 56%, 80%), and 38 patients had initial positive findings with RT-PCR testing and abnormal findings at baseline chest radiography (59%; 95% confidence interval: 46%, 71%). Six patients (9%) showed abnormalities at chest radiography before eventually testing positive for COVID-19 with RT-PCR. Sensitivity of initial RT-PCR (91%; 95% confidence interval: 83%, 97%) was higher than that of baseline chest radiography (69%; 95% confidence interval: 56%, 80%) (P = .009). Radiographic recovery (mean, 6 days ± 5) and virologic recovery (mean, 8 days ± 6) were not significantly different (P = .33). Consolidation was the most common finding (30 of 64; 47%) followed by ground-glass opacities (21 of 64; 33%). Abnormalities at chest radiography had a peripheral distribution (26 of 64; 41%) and lower zone distribution (32 of 64; 50%) with bilateral involvement (32 of 64; 50%). Pleural effusion was uncommon (two of 64; 3%). The severity of findings at chest radiography peaked at 10-12 days from the date of symptom onset. Conclusion Findings at chest radiography in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 frequently showed bilateral lower zone consolidation, which peaked at 10-12 days from symptom onset. © RSNA, 2020.