Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation on Phosphate Solubilization Potential of Agricultural Soil Bacteria as Affected by Different Phosphorus Sources, Temperature, Salt, and pH

Ten phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strains belonging to genera Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Serratia, Klebsiella, and Aeromonas were tested for mineral phosphate solubilization activity in Pikovskaya's broth using different phosphate sources at four temperatures (15, 25, 35, and 45 οC). Dicalcium and tricalcium phosphate were solubilized more effectively (≥1000 mg L−1) than ferric and rock phosphate (≥100 mg L−1) and 35 °C was found to be the optimum temperature. Although Klebsiella and Aeromonas spp. are well known for their dinitrogen (N2)–fixing ability, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of inorganic phosphate solubilization by Klebsiella terrigena and Aeromonas vaga. Interestingly, A. vaga BAM-77 is the most efficient strain at solubilizing inorganic phosphorus (P) even in the presence of 8% sodium chloride (NaCl) at pH 10. These findings indicate that all four strains are efficient P solubilizers under variable conditions of temperature, pH, and P source and thus can be recommended for P fertilization in different soils.
Influence of size variation and feeding on cannibalism of Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer (Bloch) during hatchery rearing

Cannibalism within different size group of sea bass Lates calcarifer fry has been studied under hatchery rearing conditions. The mean cannibalistic percentage was high, when large and small size group (21.8 + 1.60mm and 11.6 + 1.02 mm, 6.8 + 0.75 mm and 11.6 + 1.02 mm) were reared in the same container. Higher rate of cannibalism was observed without feed than with feed and increased with duration of rearing. When the same size group fry were reared, rate of cannibalism was significantly low in all the size groups. The results indicated the importance of gradation and frequent feeding for better survival and growth of seabass fry during hatchery rearing
EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE (Mgo) ADDITION IN DIETS FOR LACTATING HOLSTEIN COWS Efecto de la Adición de Óxido de Magnesio (MgO) en Dietas para Vacas Holstein en Lactación

It was evaluated the effect of magnesium oxide (MgO) addition in diets for Holstein cows on milk production and quality. Nineteen Holstein cows in second third of lactation were assigned to two treatments (T), with 9 and 10 animals. Both treatments were similar for days in lactation and milk yield. Cows were assigned at random to two treatments (T) groups: T1 received 0.2% and T2 received 0.4% of MgO. The MgO (alkalinizing agent) was mixed with a commercial concentrate and offered in feed bunk with total diet, which consisted of 9 kg/d of concentrate plus alfalfa hay fed ad libitum. Total diet was offered three times a day (0600; 1200 and 1700 h). The experimental period was of 30 d, with other 30 for adaptation. Milk production (kg/d) and milk quality (fat, protein, and total solids) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using the statistical package SAS through of a randomized block design. Animals on T2 (0.40% MgO) produced 2.85 kg/d more milk (P<0.50) than those on T1 (0.20% MgO). The fat, protein and total solids content in milk were higher (P<0.05) in T1 than in T2. It is concluded that the addition of 0.4% MgO in diets for lactating dairy cows resulted in milk production increased, although there was a small reduction in milk quality, compared with 0.2% MgO supplementation.
Limited effects of increased CO2 and temperature on metal and radionuclide bioaccumulation in a sessile invertebrate, the oyster Crassostrea gigas

This study investigated the combined effects of reduced pH and increased temperature on the capacities of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas to bioconcentrate radionuclide and metals. Oysters were exposed to dissolved radiotracers (110mAg, 241Am, 109Cd, 57Co, 54Mn, and 65Zn) at three pH (7.5, 7.8, 8.1) and two temperatures (21°C and 24°C) under controlled laboratory conditions. Although calcifying organisms are recognized as particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, the oyster did not accumulate differently the studied metals when exposed under the different pH conditions. However temperature alone or in combination with pH somewhat altered the bioaccumulation of the studied elements. At pH 7.5, Cd was accumulated with an uptake rate constant two-fold higher at 24°C than 21°C. Bioaccumulation of Mn was significantly affected by an interactive effect between seawater pH and temperature, with a decreased uptake rate at pH 7.5 when temperature increased (27 ± 1 vs. 17 ± 1 d-1 at 21°C and 24°C, respectively). Retention of Co and Mn tended also to decrease at the same pH with decreasing temperature. Neither pH nor temperature affected strongly the elements distribution between shell and soft tissues. Significant effects of pH were found on the bio-accessibility of Mn, Zn and 241Am during experimental in vitro simulation of human digestion.
Genetic Diversity and Origin of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) in Australia

Asynchronous flowering was noted in a recently discovered infestation of siam weed in north Queensland. This may indicate some genetic diversity in the infestation, increasing concerns about the origin of the infestation. Internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequence data were obtained for siam weed individuals from north Queensland, Indonesia, Thailand, South Africa, Ivory Coast, Brazil, Colombia, and the U.S. The ITS1 region is 258 base pairs long, and the populations that flower at different times in north Queensland differ by four base substitutions. The genotype common in north Queensland is also reported throughout the native and introduced ranges. The other genotype is reported only in north Queensland and southern Brazil. These data, in conjunction with prior investigations into possible origins, indicate that Brazil is the most likely source of the infestation in Australia.
Checkliste der Spinnen Mitteleuropas Checklist of the spiders of Central Europe (Arachnida: Araneae). Version 1. Dezember 2004.

Einführung/Introduction Siehe auch allgemeine Einführung in die Checklisten / See also general introduction to the checklists: http://www.arages. de/checklist.html#2004_Intro Folgende zusammenfassenden Publikationen liegen dieser Liste zugrunde (mit Angabe der Kürzel für die Checkliste): This list is based on the following comprehensive papers (with abbreviations used in the checklist): Belgien/Belgium/BE bov Bosmans & Vanuytven (2001 – www) Niederlande/Netherlands/NL vhe Van Helsdingen (1999) Deutschland/Germany/DE pl& Platen et al. (1995) Schweiz/Switzerland/CH mah Maurer & Hänggi (1990) h93, h99, h03 Hänggi (1993, 1999, 2003) Österreich/Austria/AT ganz Österreich/whole Austria but Lycosidae (Buchar & Thaler 1997) knt Theridiidae (Knoflach & Thaler 1998) tk2 Haplogynae et al. (Thaler & Knoflach 2002) tk3 Orbicularia (ohne/without Linyphiidae) (Thaler & Knoflach 2003) tk4 Gnaphosidae & Thomisidae (Thaler & Knoflach 2004) österreichische Bundesländer/Austrian counties t93, t97a, t97b, t95, t99 Spinnen von/spiders of Nordtirol (Thaler 1993a, 1995, 1997a, 1997b, 1999) krh Spinnen der/spiders of Steiermark (Kropf & Horak 1996) kos Spinnen von/spiders of Kärnten (Komposch & Steinberger 1999) fre Spinnen von/spiders of Oberösterreich (Freudenthaler 2004) Tschechische Republik/Czech Republic/CZ bur Buchar & Ruzicka (2002 – www)
STRUCTURE OF TWO COMMUNITIES DOMINATED BY COPERNICIA ALBA AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH SOIL AND INUNDATION IN PANTANAL WETLAND, BRAZIL

Known for its high degree of biodiversity, the tropics have a number of sites in which one or few species dominate large areas, as occurs in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil, with the ‘caranda' palm, Copernicia alba, in monodominant formations known regionally as ‘carandazal'. The aim of the present study was to analyze variations in species richness and diversity of herbs, shrubs and trees in two communities dominated by Copernicia albawith different flood patterns and determine whether soil fertility and time of inundation are associated with tree/shrub species composition and abundance. Vegetation was analyzed in 50 plots measuring 100m 2 in each area, with the determination of the tree/shrub component (CBH ? 5cm). Three subplots measuring 1m 2 were demarcated within each plot for the sampling of herbs, sub-shrubs, shrubs (CBH 2 plot. Associations between soil data, time of inundation and absolute density of tree/shrub vegetation were tested using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). For the tree/shrub component, a total of 22 species belonging to 12 families were sampled in the two communities. Richness was greater in the area submitted to a lesser time of inundation. Copernicia albahad the greatest importance values in both study areas, followed by Tabebuia aureain one community and Mimosa glutinosain the other. In the subplots, 178 species belonging to 39 families were sampled, for which Fabaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae and Cyperaceae figured prominently. The herbaceous component predominated over the others in species richness in both areas, but similarity was low. CCA detected associations between soil fertility, time of inundation and composition of tree/shrub species. The richness of the tree/shrub component was greater in the area with a shorter inundation time, which makes this event an important factor in the determination of C. albamonodominance in the Pantanal wetland. The herbaceous component demonstrated a high degree of richness and diversity in both communities, although there are differences in the inundation pattern between the two areas.
Study on Chemical composition, degradation and protein characterization of oilseed cakes available in Sudanese market

The study was conducted to determine the rumen degradability of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation of groundnut cake (GNC), cottonseed cake (CSC) and sunflower cake (SFC). In situ trial was employed using three fistulated bulls. Three nylon bags were used for each feed and each time of incubation per sheep. The bags were incubated in the rumen of each animal for 6, 12, 24, 26 or 48 hrs. Significant (P<0.05) differences were obtained among the oilseeds for DM and CP degradability according to feed samples and incubation times. Dry matter and crude protein disappearance percentage of GNC was found higher than those of the other cakes at different incubation time. SFC had the lowest DM and CP disappearing percentage than CSC. Software technique (protparam program) was used to analyze (DNA) of each experimental oilseed cakes. The result identifies the physiochemical properties and determined molecular weight and amino acids composition of oilseed cakes. Results showed that SFC had higher molecular weight amino acid concentration followed by CSC and GNC, that’ why GNC is unstable protein while CSC and SFC are stable proteins.
Metabolic adaptations during lactogenesis.

Lactose biosynthesis and relevant enzymatic activity in rabbit mamma ry tissue during various stages of pregnancy and lactation are investigated by using a tissue-slice incubation method in order to understand the temporal relationships. Ovulation was induced in 27 New Zealand white rabbits and they were bred by artificial insemination. Sacrifice occurred on days 15 24 and 29 of pregnancy and day 2 5 8 15 and 22 post partum. Nucleic acids were extracted and concentratons of DNA determined spectrophotometrically at 600 nm with diphenylamine reagent and RNA determined with orcinal reagent. The tissue incubations were made with (U- C) glucose. ( C) lactose was then separated by paper chromatography from unchanged radioactive glucose. Enzyme analysis including determining the activities of phosphoglucomutase UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and UDP-glucose 4-epimerase. Lactose synthase was determined as well as hexokinase. A biphasic adaptation in the rate of lactose synthesis and in the RNA concentration was noted during lactogenesis. The 1st increase in the rate of lactose biosynthes is occurred between days 15 and 24 of pregnancy. A 2nd substantial increase was noted immediately post partum. The overall rate of lactose biosynthesis increased 12-fold from day 24 of pregnancy to day 15 of lactation post partum and then decreased from 15 to 22 days post partum. The RNA concentration/g wet weight of tissue and the ratio of RNA/DNA closely represented the biphasic ability of the mammary-tissue slice to synthesize lactose. Increases in the activities of UDP-glucose 4-epimerase and lactose synthase were most closely correlated with increases in the rate of lactose biosynthesis. UDP-glucose pyrophosphor ylase activity was unrelated with the ability to synthesize lactose and hexokinase and phosphoglucomutase activities were variable during pregnancy and lactation. Lactose synthase activity was present by day 15 of pregnancy but the ability to synthesize lactose was undetected until day 24 of pregnancy.
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation study of micronuclei in C3A cells following exposure to ELF-magnetic fields

Human C3A cells were exposed to extremely low frequency (50 Hz) magnetic fields (ELF-MF's) up to 500 mu T. They were subjected to the micronucleus assay using a Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) technique with an in-house pan-centromere probe. We found no increased frequency in micronucleated cells and no change in the proportion of centromere positive over centromere negative micronuclei compared to the unexposed control cells. These results are in accordance with some, but in contradiction with other previously published investigations underlining that effects of environmental ELF-EMF's on cellular DNA may be very subtle and that small changes or environmental influences may determine the outcome of a (geno)toxicity study. Interestingly, a low-level (5 mu T) exposure resulted in less than the background micronucleus frequency.
Partial recovery of the population of Corncrakes Crex crex in Britain, 1993–2004

Capsule Singing male Corncrakes increased more than two-fold over the study period. Aim To provide updated counts of the number and distribution of singing male Corncrakes in Britain and describe the implementation of schemes in which land management was modified to benefit Corncrakes. Methods Annual surveys of singing Corncrakes in the core of the range in Britain were undertaken between 1993 and 2004 and the total population of the species throughout Britain was assessed in 2003. Annual information on the extent and location of the various conservation management schemes was obtained from the authorities that administer them. Results Following a long-term decline, the count of Corncrakes in the core of the species' British range increased in ten of the 11 years since 1993. A survey of the core of the range in 2004 located 1040 singing males, a 2.3-fold increase on the 446 singing males located in the same area in 1993. A full survey of Britain and the Isle of Man in 2003 located 832 singing males in 81 10-km National Grid squares. This compares with 589 birds in 93 squares in the last full survey in 1998, and 480 birds in 83 squares in 1993. During 1993–2003, more than 70% of Corncrakes in the core area occurred in 1-km National Grid squares in which conservation schemes were implemented. For males in squares with some conservation management, the average area of managed land to which each bird potentially had exclusive access was about 5 hectares. About half of the tall grass present in 1-km squares occupied by Corncrakes was included in schemes intended to modify mowing or grazing to reduce losses of nests and chicks. Conclusion There has been a partial recovery of the population of Corncrakes in Britain since 1993, reversing a decline that began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. However, the geographical range of the species, measured as occupied 10-km grid squares, has not increased. The recovery occurred during a period in which a significant area of land, to which the majority of Corncrakes had access, was entered into conservation management schemes intended to benefit the species. Estimated changes in breeding productivity likely to be associated with changes in grass-mowing management on the observed scale were approximately sufficient to account for the observed change in population trend.
Somatic embryogenesis in Pimpinella tirupatiensis Bal. and Subr., an endangered medicinal plant of Tirumala hills

Hypocotyl segments were excised from 4-week-old aseptic seedlings of Pimpinella tirupatiensis, a medicinal plant and were cultured on MS medium with TDZ (1 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l), which gave rise to friable, pink callus after 4 weeks of culture. Embryogenic callus on transfer to MS medium containing TDZ (1 mg/l) produced somatic embryos after 8 weeks having dark green shoots and white hairy roots. On MS + TDZ (1 mg/l) + BA (1 mg/l), somatic embryo formation was enhanced. Embryos isolated and germinated in the presence of MS + TDZ (1.0 mg/l) and GA3 (1.0 mg/l) showed normal flowering without any morphological variation on transplantation to soil.
Environmental effectiveness of GAEC cross-compliance Standard 1.1a (temporary ditches) and 1.2g (permanent grass cover of set-aside) in reducing soil erosion and economic evaluation of the competitiveness gap for farmers

This paper shows the results of the monitoring carried out in three hilly farms of the MONACO project in order to verify the effectiveness of the Standard 1.1 (commitment a) (temporary ditches) and Standard 1.2 (commitment g) (Vegetation cover throughout the year in set-aside land) in the reduction in soil erosion, contained in Rule 1: ‘minimum land management that meets specific conditions’ of the decree Mipaaf 2009 and following modifications, until the recent decree No. 180 of January 23, 2015. In addition, the assessment of the competitiveness gap was done. That is the evaluation of the additional costs borne by the beneficiary of the single payment determined from agronomic commitments. Monitoring has also compared the erosion actually observed in the field with that predicted by RUSLE model (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) (Renard et al., 1997) in the two situations: with and without the presence of temporary ditches, i.e. assuming Factual (compliance rules) and in that Counterfactual (infringement). This comparison was made in view of the fact that the RUSLE model was chosen by the 'European Evaluation Network for Rural Development (EEN, 2013) as a forecasting tool for the quantification of' Common Indicator ‘soil erosion by water’. The results of soil erosion survey carried out by using a new UAV-GIS methodology on two monitoring farms in two years of observations have shown that temporary ditches were effective in decreasing erosion, on average, by 42.5%, from 36. 59 t ha -1 to 21.05 t ha -1 during the monitoring period. It was also evaluated the effectiveness of grass strips (at variance with the commitment of temporary ditches). The results showed a strong, highly significant, reduction in erosion by about 35% times respect soil erosion observed in bare soil and also a significant reduction in the volume of runoff water. With regard to Standard 1.2 (commitment g) the statistical analysis shows a strong and highly significant decrease in the erosion due to the vegetation cover of the soil compared to bare soil. The economic competitiveness gap of Standard 1.1 (commitment a) stood at € 4.07±1.42 € ha -1 year -1 , while CO 2 emissions due to execution of temporary ditches was 2.58 kg ha -1 year -1 . As for the Standard 1.2 (commitment g) the average differential competitiveness gap amounted to 50.22±13.7 € ha -1 year -1 and an output of CO 2 equal to 31.52 kg ha -1 year.
Harvest-time Residues of Different Insecticides in Cotton Seed and Lint in Punjab

The residues of different insecticides were estimated in cotton seed and lint following their use as per recommended practices. In general, lint samples revealed higher residues as compared to its counterpart cotton seed. None of the synthetic pyrethroids viz. alphamethrin, cypermethrin,fenvalerate and deltamethrin, and organophosphorus insecticides i.e. monocrotophos, quinalphos, fenitrothion, triazophos and ethion showed presence of residues in cotton seed. Residues of cyperemethrin, fenvalerate, endosulfan, ethion and chlorpyriphos were detected in lint. Endosulfan residues (0.44 mg kg−1) detected in cotton seed were below its MRL of 1.0 mg kg−1. However, chlorpyriphos residues in cotton seed were more than its MRL of 0.05 mg kg−1.
Roles of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in accumulation of sugars in Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruit.

In order to ascertain the relationship between accumulation of sugars and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes,the con-tent of sucrose,glucose,fructose and the activities of sucrose-metabolizin enzymes(soluble acid invertase,soluble neutral invertase,cell wall-bound acid invertase,sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase) in the fruits of Cabernet Sauvi-gnon grape were measured.The results showed that glucose and fructose were mainly accumulated in sugar accumulation of Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruits;the key enzyme which controled the grape sugar accumulation was invertase;the glucose and fructose accumulation in grape fruits were mainly mediated by invertase;the sucrose accumulation were mainly mediated by sucrose synthase;and the accumulation of sugar was controled by a variety of enzymes together.
Redescription of Hypsibius microps Thulin, 1928 and H. pallidus Thulin, 1911 (Eutardigrada : Hypsibiidae) based on the type material from the Thulin collection

Two species of the genus Hypsibius, H. microps and H. pallidus, are redescribed based on the type material from the Thulin collection. Those two species are very similar to each other and in the past their identification was based mostly on external claw morphology (identifications were very often doubtful and subjective). In this study we describe further differences between these two species. Apart from the claw morphology, H. pallidus differs from H. microps by: a larger body size, a wider buccal tube, longer placoids and placoid row and a longer pharynx. These two species differ also from other species attributed to the dujardini group by having granular rather than rod-shaped macroplacoids and by the absence of a constriction in the first macroplacoid.
Differential Effects of Floods on the Aquatic Vegetation of Braided Channels of the Rhône River

Six stations on cut-off braided channels of the Rhône River differing in substrate grain size, distance from the main channel, overflowing frequency, and riparian forest protection, were studied over five years to compare effects of high discharge and floods and subsequent recovery by aquatic vegetation. Less frequently disturbed stations have finer substrate than the more disturbed ones. In the latter, competition processes should not have time to take place, because of flood frequency, so the occurring pioneer species should allow faster recovery from flood disturbance. Vegetation cover (by species) and environmental variables were surveyed from 1988 to 1992, 2-4 times per year. In two fine-substrate stations subjected to floods, the vegetation exhibited no directional change in species composition and abundance following flood events, because these stations are located far from the Rhône River and are sheltered by riparian forest. In the third fine-substrate station, a major flood had a considerable, unexpected, indirect and long-lasting effect: it caused a lowering of the water table, and terrestrial plants progressively replaced the aquatic ones that dried up. In the three stations that are close to the main river and have coarse substrates, vegetation cover was reduced after the major floods. Rate of post-flood recovery was most rapid at stations where flood scouring frequency was highest.