Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID-19 on education, social life, and mental health to university population in Albania: A cross-sectional survey

The outbreak of COVID-19 affected the lives of all sections of society and caused serious implications for mental health. The aimed study was to investigate and analyzed the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the life of students. This cross-sectional survey was conducted from October - December 2020 on 472 students. We prepared the questionnaire addressing some factors such as demographic, education, social life, and mental health. The p < 0.05 was considered significant. The average age was 20.45, and 70% of participants were females. Approximately 23% of students referred to present problems with depression, fear, and anxiety during COVID-19. The mean value of PHQ9 resulted in the moderate range while the mean GAD7 score was in the mild range. In females, 61% are more likely to be affected by mental health during this worldwide pandemic compared to males 39%. The findings of this study identify mild levels of anxiety and depression in students. These mental health levels were related to a combination of pandemic-related stresses and limitations caused by the lockdown, negative impact on social life, poor social communication, and disturbed sleep habits. However, we strongly recommend providing students support by academics and stakeholders to reduce the likelihood of longer-term problems.
CRANIAL ANTHROPOMETRY IN 600 NORTH INDIAN ADULTS

The present study was conducted on 600 adults, comprising of equal number of males and females, within the age group of 18 year and above and of North Indian origin. The purpose of study was to access the head length, head width and to find out the relationship of these parameters with each other. Cephalic Index was calculated. The data so obtained was compiled and analysed statistically to observe baseline data and then compared with previous available data. This data can be useful for experts in forensic and allied surgical branches. The average head breadth and head length found in study were 139.51 mm, 186.88 mm respectively in males and 136.19 mm, 177.74 mm respectively in females. On the basis this study it was concluded that North Indian males have dolichocephalic type of head and females have mesocephalic type of head.
Compositional turnover and ecological changes related to the waxing and waning of glaciers during the late Paleozoic ice age in ice-proximal regions (Pennsylvanian, western Argentina)

Abstract. The late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA) had a profound effect on the biota. Despitemuch research having been focused on paleotropical regions or global-scale analyses, regional ecological changes have seldom been studied in ice-proximal basins. Here, I study the compositional turnover and diversity structure across the main Carboniferous glacial event recorded in western Argentina and the subsequent nonglacial interval. Brachiopod and bivalve data from western Argentina suggest that the transition from glacial to nonglacial climates caused major compositional changes. Turnover, however, was not uniform across the bathymetric gradient, being higher in deep environments. Because extirpation was concentrated in brachiopods, but immigration was similar in both clades, the taxonomic structure of the region was significantly modified. Although regional hierarchical diversity structure and occupancy distributions remained stable, dissecting the analysis in brachiopods and bivalves underscores that both clades had different responses to climate change. Brachiopods, on the one hand, show stability in the diversity structure and a very slight decrease in occupancies of intermediate genera, while bivalves showan important rise in diversity, both at the environment and regional scale, and an increase in genera with intermediate occupancies. The bathymetric diversity gradient was also modified from hump shaped with maximum diversity in the deep subtidal to a linear gradient with maximum values toward the offshore. However, relative compositional differences within environments remained stable, with maximum values at intermediate depths both in glacial and nonglacial intervals. Moreover, local-scale coexistence between brachiopods and bivalves changed in the nonglacial interval, showing significant segregation, which indicates relevant modifications in community assembly dynamics. Results from western Argentina highlight the magnitude of regional-scale ecological changes during the LPIA in ice-proximal regions, suggesting that the waxing and waning of glaciers was able to cause regional taxonomic turnover and mediumscale ecological changes even during intervals of relative macroevolutionary quiescence.
Use of rumen modifiers to manipulate ruminal fermentation and improve nutrient utilization and lactational performance of dairy cows

s in Refereed Conference Proceedings Dschaak C. M. , C. M. Williams, M. S. Holt, J.-S. Eun, and A. J. Young. 2010. Effects of condensed tannins supplementation on ruminal fermentation and lactational performance of dairy cows when fed high or low forage diet. J. Dairy Sci. 93 (ESuppl. 1): 196. (Abstr.) Dschaak C. M. , C. M. Williams, J.-S. Eun, and A. J. Young. 2010. Effects of condensed tannins supplementation in a lactating dairy TMR diet on ruminal fermentation in continuous culture, maintained at high and low pH. J. Dairy Sci. 93 (E-Suppl. 1): 422. (Abstr.) Williams C. M. C. M. Dschaak, J.-S. Eun, J. W. MacAdam, and A. J. Young. 2010. Assessment of tannin-free and tanniniferous legumes in lactating dairy diets using continuous culture. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1): 191. (Abstr.) Dschaak, C. M. , J.-S. Eun, A. J. Young, and S. Peterson. 2009. Use of magnesium exchanged natural zeolite as a source of ruminal buffer additive for lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1): 105. (Abstr.) Dschaak, C. M. , J.-S. Eun, A. J. Young, and J. W. Bergman. 2009. Assessment of whole Nutrasaff safflower seed as a fat supplement to lactating Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1): 463. (Abstr.) J.-S. Eun, C. M. Dschaak, F. H. Bhushan, Y. -M. Kim, and A. J. Young. 2009. Effect of saponin extract supplementation on ruminal fermentation in continuous culture. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1): 292. (Abstr.) Dschaak, C. M. , J.-S. Eun, Y. -M. Kim, F. H. Bhushan, and A. J. Young. 2009. Shift in in vitro microbial fermentation in response to condensed tannin supplementation in mixed ruminal cultures. J. Dairy Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1): 468. (Abstr.) Williams, C. M. , C. M. Dschaak, J.-S. Eun, A. J. Young, and J. W. MacAdam. 2009. Ruminal metabolism during continuous culture fermentation when replacing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay with birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) hay. J. Anim. Sci. 87, (E-Suppl. 3): 145. (Abstr.) Eun, J.-S. , D. R. ZoBell, C. M. Dschaak, and D. E. Diaz. 2008. Effect of a fibrolytic enzyme supplementation on growing beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. 86, (E-Suppl. 3): 161. (Abstr.)
Distribution and Formation of North Pacific Intermediate Water

Abstract The North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), defined as the main salinity minimum in the subtropical North Pacific, is examined with respect to its overall property distributions. These suggest that NPIW is formed only in the northwestern subtropical gyre; that is, in the mixed water region between the Kuroshio Extension and Oyashio front. Subsequent modification along its advective path increases its salinity and reduces its oxygen. The mixed water region is studied using all bottle data available from the National Oceanographic Data Center, with particular emphasis on several winters. Waters from the Oyashio, Kuroshio, and the Tsugaru Warm Current influence the mixed water region, with a well-defined local surface water mass formed as a mixture of the surface waters from these three sources. Significant salinity minima in the mixed water region are grouped into those that are directly related to the winter surface density and are found at the base of the oxygen-saturated surface layer, and thos.
Fetal Movement Detection With a Wearable Acoustic Device

Fetal movement counting is a simple method for monitoring fetal health. The counting can be self-performed; however, pregnant women require full attention during the process. It becomes difficult to perform other routine activities while counting. Therefore, wearable counting devices that can detect fetal movement and distinguish it from nonfetal movement are needed. In this work, an acoustic device was proposed for detecting fetal movement. The device’s dish was large, i.e., 31 mm, and therefore, a single device was sufficient for detection. Power spectral density (PSD) was used for creating the spectrogram of the moving signal. Four classifiers were used to identify fetal and nonfetal movements. The experiment was conducted on 12 pregnant women at their homes or workplaces, where body movement was allowed. The device was attached to the abdomen and recorded using a smartphone connected via Bluetooth. The total recorded time was 50.5 h. The signal amplitude of the fetal movement was 8.5 dB higher than that of the nonfetal movement. The detectivity of the device was 67.2%–75.2%. Lower detectivity was observed in subjects with small and very large abdominal circumferences. Gestation showed a negative correlation with maternal perception but no correlation with the device’s detection rate. The convolutional neural network classifier exhibited the highest performance, with a ${F}1$ -score of 95.2% and an accuracy of 94.9%.
Estimation of annual emission and distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Taiyuan

Sixteen types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) were included in the priority control pollutants listed by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA). Herein,the emission rates and emission sources of these 16 PAHs in Taiyuan city were investigated.Results showed that the overall emission amount of the 16 PAHs in the year of 2010 in Taiyuan was 332.10t,in which 35.11t was identified as carcinogenic PAHs.Most of the PAHs were generated from the combustion of household coal and coke-production coal,accounting for 65% of the total emission amount.Among the emissions of 16 PAHs,less-ring PAHs were the majority(81%) while the carcinogenic PAHs only accounted for 10.6%. For the different districts(10 in total) in Taiyuan,the PAHs emitted from Qingxu were 87t/a,greatly more than that from Gujiao(54t/a),Jinyuan(44t/a),and Jiancaoping(40t/a). In general,there were a negative correlation between per capita income and per GDP emissions of PAHs(R2=0.727),and a positive correlation between the rural population and total PAHs emissions(R2=0.813). It was concluded that the heavy PAHs emission in Taiyuan was attributed to excessive combustion of coal for the household and industry and unique energy structure and special population in the countryside.
Promoting perceived service quality and organisational performance through customer retention strategies: the moderating role of ICT

PurposeThe major objective of the study is to investigate the effect of selected customer retention strategies (fair pricing, online marketing and frequent communication) on perceived service quality and organisational performance within the retail sector in Zimbabwe. Also, the study sought to understand the moderating role of ICT on the effect of customer retention strategies on perceived service quality and organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey of 280 employees within Zimbabwe's retail sector was adopted and respondents were selected using simple random sampling method. A structured questionnaire with Likert type questions was used to gather data.FindingsThe study findings indicate that the performance of organisations within the retail sector is influenced by superior service quality, selected customer retention strategies and also moderated by the use of ICT.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the business management body of knowledge by assessing the effect of selected customer retention strategies (fair pricing, online marketing and frequent communication) on perceived service quality and organisational performance within the retail industry of an emerging economy. The study is also unique in that it used ICT to moderate the effect of selected customer retention strategies on perceived service quality and organisational performance.
Electron Collisions with Multielectron Atoms and Fullerene Molecules: Strong Polarisation Effects

Regge pole-calculated low-energy electron elastic total cross sections for multielectron atoms/fullerenes are characterised by ground, metastable and excited negative-ion formation, shape resonances and Ramsauer-Townsend minima. In this article, we demonstrate through the total cross sections for Eu, Au and At atoms and C60 fullerene the sensitivity of stable negative-ion formation to the crucial core-polarisation potential. The energy positions of the dramatically sharp resonances corresponding to the binding energies of the formed anions during the collisions agree excellently with the measured electron affinities of the atoms and C60. The sensitivity of Ramsauer-Townsend minima and shape resonances to the electronic structure and dynamics of Bk and Cf permits their first ever use as novel validation of the experimental observation that Cf is indeed a transitional element in the actinide series. Their electron affinities are also calculated.
Conserving dolphins and fishermen: Combining science and local knowledge to reduce cetacean bycatch

Bycatch is the portion of catch that is neither targeted nor retained by fishermen. It threatens the survival of many marine mammal populations globally, and it occurs in nearly every fishing gear type. Despite its widespread occurrence, observations of bycatch are rare, and scientific data on marine mammal bycatch are limited. Difficulties result in developing models that accurately depict the interactions. This study focuses on developing methodology to combine disparate data sources, specifically data from fishery observer programs and interviews of fishermen, to better understand these interactions and to identify effective mitigation measures. As a case study, this research investigates the spatial and temporal patterns associated with Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) bycatch in the New England bottom trawl fishery for groundfish to aid in the development of an effective bycatch reduction plan. A quasi-binomial model of the fishery observer data was developed using environmental and fishing-related covariates to describe the probability of dolphin bycatch in this fishery. Significant variables in describing dolphin bycatch included sea surface temperature (p<0.001), depth (p<0.001), and an interaction between bottom slope and depth (p<0.05). The model was mapped using geographic information systems and incorporated into interviews with bottom trawl fishermen to facilitate discussion on patterns of bycatch. Thirty-one bottom trawl fishermen were interviewed, and results were consistent with the probability model that bycatch was rare and was more likely to occur in offshore fishing areas. Interviewed fishermen did not relate bycatch to environmental variables and did not provide consistent responses regarding spatial or temporal patterns associated with these events. As a result, this study was unable to develop methodology to spatially combine these data sources. However, fishermen did provide useful information to scientists and fishermen. For instance, interview results suggested that area-based management would not be effective in this fishery, contrary to the results of the probability model, due to the occurrence of bycatch throughout the fishing area. Instead broad-scale measures, coupled with incentives, would be a more effective mitigation measure in this fishery. Collaborative research between fishermen and scientists or gear technologists is recommended to better understand operational patterns associated with bycatch.
High Prevalence of Influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) Infection in South Iran

Background: Influenza A is divided into a number of subtypes, the most common of which are circulating H3N2 and H1N1. Influenza A and B viruses, which normally circulate in humans (human influenza viruses), are responsible for seasonal influenza pandemics each year. This study evaluated the prevalence of influenza in Hormozgan province and determined the type and subtypes of influenza circulating in the community. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a single center on 1237 patients with acute respiratory syndrome and flu-like symptoms in Hormozgan province, Iran from August 2022 to December 2022. Eventually, patients’ data such as the age, gender, and hospitalization rate of patients with influenza underwent investigation. Results: Out of a total of 1237 samples of patients, 349 (28.2%) cases were diagnosed with positive influenza and 888 (71.80%) cases were negative. Of 349 cases of positive influenza, 3 and 346 cases were diagnosed with influenza B and A, respectively. The results represented that out of a total of 349 positive cases of influenza, 216 (61.90%) and 133 (38.10%) people were hospitalized and visited as outpatients, respectively. Conclusion: From August 2022 to December 2022, Hormozgan province in the south of Iran witnessed an influenza peak with an increase in the prevalence of H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. The dominant subtype of this peak was H3N2 influenza, but the prevalence of the H1N1 subtype also demonstrated a significant increase. Finally, the cases of hospitalization of patients with positive influenza represented an increase.
Effects of Fracture Geometry on Contaminant Transport

Approximately one third of Canadians and Americans use groundwater as their source of drinking water. Porous media aquifers typically provide significant filtration of particulate contaminants (e.g., viruses, bacteria, protozoa) and solute contaminants. Fractured media, however, does not provide the same degree of filtration, and in fact often acts as a pathway for particulates to migrate, typically at much greater velocities than in porous media. This work studies the effects of the geometry of a fracture on the transport of two classes of contaminants: particles and dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). An invasion percolation (IP) model simulates the invasion of one immiscible liquid by another. An IP model was used to illustrate the effects of gravity on DNAPL migration into a horizontal water saturated fracture. While gravity is typically neglected in the conventional approach, this work demonstrated that gravity should often be included when modelling DNAPL invasion in water saturated fractures and provides an equation estimating the difference in invasion pattern between simulations including or neglecting gravity as a criterion for discerning when gravity is important in this process. The IP model was further utilized to examine the invasion of DNAPL saturated fractures by water. These simulated experiments focus on cases where covariance (COV, the ratio of the mean of the aperture field to the standard deviation
Mesozoic extensional structures of the Fangshan tectonic dome and their subsequent reworking during collisional accretion of the North China Block

The Fangshan area, SW of Beijing, lies at the junction of the NNE-trending Taihang mountain range and the southeastern portion of the Yanshan intraplate orogenic belt and has undergone at least five stages of deformation. Mid- to late Triassic extensional deformation (D1) is represented by the formation of the Fangshan tectonic dome during SE-directed extensional tectonics. This deformation was later modified by NNW-directed thrusting in the late Triassic (D2) and WNW-directed thrusting in the late Jurassic (D3). These D1–D3 structures were deformed by the arcuate Beiling syncline (D4), which formed during the intrusion of the 133–128 Ma Fangshan pluton. D5 deformation is represented by Cretaceous to Quaternary NNE-striking high-angle normal faults. The ages of these events demonstrate that the principal ENE-trending tectonic framework of the Yanshan intraplate orogenic belt was established mainly in the mid- to late Triassic (the Indosinian event). The Jurassic to Cretaceous Yanshanian deformation with thick-skinned thrusting was associated with intrusion of numerous plutons, and strongly modified the older structures. The tectonic evolution of the Fangshan tectonic dome was linked genetically with the collision of the North China Block and the Siberian Craton, and the later collision of the North and South China blocks.
Light-Weight Wearable Gyroscopic Actuators Can Modulate Balance Performance and Gait Characteristics: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Falling is a major cause of morbidity, and is often caused by a decrease in postural stability. A key component of postural stability is whole-body centroidal angular momentum, which can be influenced by control moment gyroscopes. In this proof-of-concept study, we explore the influence of our wearable robotic gyroscopic actuator “GyroPack” on the balance performance and gait characteristics of non-impaired individuals (seven female/eight male, 30 ± 7 years, 68.8 ± 8.4 kg). Participants performed a series of balance and walking tasks with and without wearing the GyroPack. The device displayed various control modes, which were hypothesised to positively, negatively, or neutrally impact postural control. When configured as a damper, the GyroPack increased mediolateral standing time and walking distance, on a balance beam, and decreased trunk angular velocity variability, while walking on a treadmill. When configured as a negative damper, both peak trunk angular rate and trunk angular velocity variability increased during treadmill walking. This exploratory study shows that gyroscopic actuators can influence balance and gait kinematics. Our results mirror the findings of our earlier studies; though, with more than 50% mass reduction of the device, practical and clinical applicability now appears within reach.
Topographical and vegetational characteristics of lynx kill sites in Slovenian Dinaric Mountains

We report on topographical and vegetational characteristics of 13 sites where Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) killed its prey in the Dinaric mountain range in Slovenia. The results suggest that lynx does not necessarily need dense vegetation and rugged terrain to successfully hunt its prey, however, it may influence its hunting success. A large part of the successful hunts took place on steep slopes and rugged terrain. 39% of kill sites were located in dolines, implying the potential importance of these karst structures for the hunting of large carnivores on ungulates in karst areas such as Dinaric Mountains.