Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabolite Profiling of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis In Vitro Cultures with Different Levels of Differentiation

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is an aromatic and medicinal plant of high economic value. Much research has focused on the phytochemistry and biological activities of Gardenia fruit extracts; however, the potential of the Gardenia plant in vitro cultures used as mass production systems of valuable secondary metabolites has been understudied. This paper presents data on metabolite profiling (GC/MS and HPLC), antioxidant activities (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and CUPRAC), and SSR profiles of G. jasminoides plant leaves and in vitro cultures with different levels of differentiation (shoots, callus, and cell suspension). The data show strong correlations (r = 0.9777 to r = 0.9908) between antioxidant activity and the concentrations of chlorogenic acid, salicylic acid, rutin, and hesperidin. Eleven co-dominant microsatellite simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers were used to evaluate genetic variations (average PIC = 0.738 ± 0.153). All of the investigated Gardenia in vitro cultures showed high genetic variabilities (average Na = 5.636 ± 2.157, average Ne = 3.0 ± 1.095). This is the first report on a study on metabolite profiles, antioxidant activities, and genetic variations of G. jasminoides in vitro cultures with different levels of differentiation.
Analysis of the ultraviolet spectrum of RWT 152 : a subluminous O star with a main-sequence visual spectrum.

Observations of luminous early-type stars provide one of the most sensitive ways to detect the low density gas of the interstellar medium. As part of an ongoing program studying the gas in the galactic halo, stars believed to be outside the plane of the Milky Way have been observed. In the interest of studying the halo gas in additional directions, a search has been conducted for candidate stars which are bright enough to be observable with the International Ultraviolet Explorer Satellite (IUE) high dispersion mode and far enough from the galactic plane to provide a long line of sight through the halo gas. One such star is star 152 in the catalog of Rubin, Westpfahl, and Tuve (1974), which is called RWT 152 in the investigation. The IUE spectra of RWT 152 were obtained and analyzed. It appears that RWT 152 is not a young massive star, but rather a low mass object in an advanced stage of evolution.
Duality in nonlinear programming involving semilocally convex and related functions

A nonlinear programming problem is considered where the functions involved are nondifferentiable. Fritz John type and Kuhn-Tucker type necessary optimality conditions are given in terms of the right differentials of the functions. Wolfe's type and Mond-Weir type duals are formulated and duality results are obtained by using the concepts of semilocally quasi-convex and semilocally pseudoconvex functions
Adaptive Image Preprocessing and Augmentation for Tuberculosis Screening on Out-of-Domain Chest X-Ray Dataset

Research on deep learning models for chest radiology applications have been getting much attention by the community. These works mostly focus on developing models using in-domain data. However, real-world scenarios might not always match the training set, which makes some models perform worse at the deployment stage. This work focuses on studying the effect of dataset mismatch on chest radiography and methods that can mitigate this problem. We developed the lung balance contrast enhancement technique (lung BCET) which automatically identifies the lung region and normalizes the image accordingly to improve the robustness on out-of-domain data. We also explored augmentation methods that are suitable for chest radiography. We compiled data from multiple tuberculosis (TB) datasets to evaluate and compare the performance of the preprocessing and augmentation methods using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and heatmap quality. On out-of-domain testing conditions, the lung BCET preprocessing method achieves the highest AUC scores of 0.7978 and 0.6240 for the Maesot and Bureau of TB (BT) datasets, respectively. We also found that lung BCET can also be used to perform data augmentation in conjunction with standard augmentation techniques to improve the performance in both in- and out-of-domain conditions.
Fractal spacetime from the area spectrum

In this communication, we calculate the spectral dimension in loop quantum gravity (LQG) using simple arguments coming from the area spectrum at different length scales. We obtain that the spectral dimension of the spatial section runs from 2 to 3, across a 1.5 phase, when the energy of a probe scalar field decreases from high to low energy. We calculate also the spectral dimension of the spacetime using results from spin-foam models and we obtain a two-dimensional effective manifold at high energy. Our result is consistent with two other approaches to non-perturbative quantum gravity: causal dynamical triangulation and asymptotically safety quantum gravity.
Wavelet base selection for de-noising and extraction of partial discharge pulses in noisy environment

Wavelet-based de-noising is used to separate partial discharge (PD) signals from the noises resulting from measurement circuits or the surrounding environment. PD de-noising by using the wavelet shrinkage method is capable of separating the noise component to some extent, but the selection of the wavelet base has a remarkable effect on the de-noising results. The wavelet base is directly related to the distortion of the PD waveform and quality of the de-noising process. Although there are applications on PD noise separation in the literature, the selection of the wavelet base, which affects the evaluation of the PD characteristics, is still challenging. Instead of using correlation-based wavelet base selection for de-noising PD data, in this study a novel wavelet base selection method based on the most informative sub-band energy and entropy for separating noise from PD pulses is introduced and successfully applied to raw data obtained from the PD measurement set-up. The advantage of the proposed method is that the wavelet base selection solution is automatic and independent of the original noise-free pulse waveform. This study shows that the proposed method is useful for the extraction of noisy PD pulses by describing the basic discharge parameters such as discharge amplitude and the duration and time of occurrence more clearly.
Towards Improved Humidity Sensing Nanomaterials via Combined Electron and NH3 Treatment of Carbon-Rich FEBID Deposits

Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition (FEBID) is a unique tool to produce nanoscale materials. The resulting deposits can be used, for instance, as humidity or strain sensors. The humidity sensing concept relies on the fact that FEBID using organometallic precursors often yields deposits which consist of metal nanoparticles embedded in a carbonaceous matrix. The electrical conductivity of such materials is altered in the presence of polar molecules such as water. Herein, we provide evidence that the interaction with water can be enhanced by incorporating nitrogen in the deposit through post-deposition electron irradiation in presence of ammonia (NH3). This opens the perspective to improve and tune the properties of humidity sensors fabricated by FEBID. As a proof-of-concept experiment, we have prepared carbonaceous deposits by electron irradiation of adsorbed layers of three different precursors, namely, the aliphatic hydrocarbon n-pentane, a simple alkene (2-methyl-2-butene), and the potential Ru FEBID precursor bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II). In a subsequent processing step, we incorporated C-N bonds in the deposit by electron irradiation of adsorbed NH3. To test the resulting material with respect to its potential humidity sensing capabilities, we condensed sub-monolayer quantities of water (H2O) on the deposit and evaluated their thermal desorption behavior. The results confirm that the desorption temperature of H2O decisively depends on the degree of N incorporation into the carbonaceous residue which, in turn, depends on the chemical nature of the precursor used for deposition of the carbonaceous layer. We thus anticipate that the sensitivity of a FEBID-based humidity sensor can be tuned by a precisely timed post-deposition electron and NH3 processing step.
The Morphology and Kinematics of 16 Markarian Galaxies with Multiple Nuclei. I. Basic Data

Spectra and images are presented for a sample of Markarian galaxies which possess multiple "nuclei" yet which show no indication (as seen on the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey prints) of tidal features resulting from mergers. In only two of the eight galaxies imaged is there some indication of faint tails or arms suggesting possible past interactions. Redshifts derived from red and blue long-slit spectra of 16 galaxies are used to examine the relation between radial velocity differences between pairs of nuclear sources within a galaxy and projected separation. The result of the comparison is to demonstrate a trend toward lower velocity differences with smaller pair separations. In addition, a comparison of absolute magnitude with projected separation shows the larger the pair separation the brighter the galaxy. In this paper we present the basic data and preliminary analysis of the 16 Markarian galaxies.
Liquid crystal phase shifters at millimeter wave frequencies

We demonstrate an on-wafer liquid crystal phase shifter which has a tunable 0–300°/cm phase shift at 110 GHz. The results show no dispersion over the entire frequency range indicating a tunable “true time delay” of up to 2.5 ps/cm at all frequencies. The inherent losses in the liquid crystal are small, less than 1 dB/cm over the range of 1–110 GHz. The full tunability is achieved using small voltages, close to 10 V. We anticipate that one could achieve a phase shift of 600°/cm at 220 GHz.
The Kervaire invariant of framed manifolds and its generalization

In 1960, Kervaire [11] introduced an invariant for almost framed (4k + 2)manifolds, (k # 0, 1, 3), and proved that it was zero for framed 10-manifolds, which was a key step in his construction of a piecewise linear 10-manifold which was not the homotopy type of a differential manifold. Haefliger [9] showed that Kervaire's invariant and the invariant of Pontrjagin [17] for 2, 6, and 14 dimensional framed manifolds, could be defined in a common fashion, and this invariant is the surgery obstruction in dimensions 4k + 2 (see [12], [15], [6]). A central question has remained, for which dimensions can a framed manifold have a non-zero Kervaire invariant. Pontrjagin's invariant is nonzero for certain framings on S' x S', S3 x S3 and S7 x S7, but until now all the results for the Kervaire invariant have been in the negative; Kervaire [11] showed it was zero in dimensions 10 and 18, and Brown and Peterson [8] showed it zero in dimensions 8k + 2. In this paper we will show that the Kervaire invariant is zero for dimensions # 2k2. For dimension 2k 2 we show that there is a framed manifold of Kervaire invariant 1 if and only if in the Adams spectral sequence for the stable homotopy groups of spheres the element h2 in E2 persists to Ed, (see [1], [2]). But it is a fact due to Mahowald and Tangora, (Topology 6 (1967) 349-370, ? 8) that hl in dimension 30 persists to Ed. Hence there is a framed 30-manifold of Kervaire invariant 1. (We are informed that recently Barratt and Mahowald have shown h' persists to Ed, so there is a framed 62-manifold of Kervaire invariant 1.)' Now we list some of the geometric corollaries which follow from our result (see [12]).
Convergence of non-linear functionals of smoothed empirical processes and kernel density estimates

We consider regularizations by convolution of the empirical process and study the asymptotic behaviour of non-linear functionals of this process. Using a result for the same type of non-linear functionals of the Brownian bridge, shown in a previous paper [4], and a strong approximation theorem, we prove several results for the p-deviation in estimation of the derivatives of the density. We also study the asymptotic behaviour of the number of crossings of the smoothed empirical process defined by Yukich [17] and of a modified version of the Kullback deviation.
Hypsizygus marmoreus as a Source of Indole Compounds and Other Bioactive Substances with Health-Promoting Activities

Hypsizygus marmoreus is an edible medicinal mushroom species with a high dietary value. In this study, the fruiting bodies of commercial and self-cultivated crops and mycelium from in vitro H. marmoreus cultures (both white and brown varieties) were evaluated. This study aimed to analyze the presence of indole compounds and other biologically active substances and determine the effect that the addition of zinc and magnesium ions to the culture medium has on the content of the tested compounds in mycelial cultures. The content of indole compounds and other organic compounds was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, the content of bioelements was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, the glucan content was determined spectrophotometrically, and the antioxidant activity of extracts was estimated using DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS methods. The results showed that H. marmoreus mycelium from in vitro cultures is a good source of indole compounds, bioelements, glucans, and lovastatin. Mycelia from in vitro cultures showed the most diverse composition of indole compounds (L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, tryptamine, 5-methyltryptamine, and melatonin). Additionally, in vitro cultures of H. marmoreus enriched with Zn and Mg salts increased the contents of Na, Ca, Zn, 5-methyltryptamine, melatonin, protocatechuic acid, sterols, and total glucans. Only in the case of the white variety of mycelial enriched cultures, ergothioneine and Mg levels also increased. To summarize, the content of the active compounds differed depending on the H. marmoreus variety and the tested material.
Clinical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Peri-Implant Parameters around Narrow Diameter Implant Crowns among Prediabetic and Non-Diabetic Subjects

Background and Objectives: To compare the clinical, radiographic, and inflammatory peri-implant parameters around narrow diameter implants (NDI) supported single and splinted crowns in non-diabetics and prediabetes. Materials and Methods: The clinical and radiographic parameters and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of narrow diameter single (NDISCs) and splinted (NDISPs) crown implants were assessed both in non-diabetics and participants with prediabetes. The glycemic state of the patient was assessed using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The peri-implant soft tissue indices (Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD)) and marginal bone loss were recorded and compared between the groups. Success of the prosthesis was assessed by the frequency of technical complications and patient satisfaction. Inter-group comparison was performed using ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance) while the normal distribution of dependent variables was calculated using Shapiro–Wilk. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Sixty participants (30 non-diabetics and 30 with prediabetes) with a total of 178 (118 NDISCs and 60 NDISPs) platform-switched NDIs were a part of the study. Of the 118 NDISCs, 56 were placed in the non-diabetic individuals and 62 were placed in the prediabetes group whereas 30 NDISPs each were placed in both the study groups. The clinical parameters of PI, BoP and PD in the single crown and splinted crown groups showed comparable results. However, a statistically significant difference (p-value of less than 0.05) in PI, BoP and PD and in the values of IL-6 and TNF-α was found when a comparison was made between the non-diabetes and prediabetes group. A total of 91% of the patients were satisfied with the esthetics of the implants while 79% of the patients showed satisfaction with function. Conclusions: All the clinical and radiographic parameters were statistically similar in both single and splinted types of narrow diameter implants. However, the bone loss, probing depth, plaque index, and levels of inflammatory markers were statistically higher in prediabetes as compared to non-diabetes implying that a slight hyperglycemic state impacts peri-implant health.
Lignans from Phyllanthus niruri L. and Their Antifusarium Properties

In this study, two lignan compounds were isolated from acetone extract of Phyllanthus niruri L. nirtetralin B (1) and phyllanthin (2) using several chromatographic methods followed by molecular structure elucidation mainly based on 1D and 2D of 1H and 13C NMR spectrum. The isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial properties against the plant pathogenic fungus, Fusarium oxysporum, using the agar plate well diffusion method. The microdilution method determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicide concentration (MFC). In addition, the microconidia germination inhibition test was carried out using the agar diffusion method. As a result, compound 1 had MIC and MFC values of 4 and 16 μg/mL, respectively. While compound 2 showed the same MIC and MFC values of 16 μg/mL. Further testing on the inhibition of germination of F. oxysporum microconidia showed that compound 2 inhibited microconidia germination 100% at a concentration of 2 × MIC. In comparison, compound 1 at the same concentration was only able to inhibit germination by 29%. This study revealed that compound 2 is a potential new fungicide derived from local medicinal plants. However, further research is needed to identify the interaction mechanism between the test compound and the fungal pathogen F. oxysporum to develop new antifungal agents.
Electric field tuning characteristics of a ferrite-piezoelectric microwave resonator

The fabrication and characterization of an electric field-tunable yttrium iron garnet (YIG)-lead zirconate titanate (PZT) microwave resonator are discussed. The device is based on ferromagnetic resonance for YIG. The tunability is accomplished through magnetoelectric interactions. For an electric field E=10kV∕cm across PZT, a frequency shift of 18–25MHz that was an order of magnitude higher the frequency width of the absorption profile for the resonator was measured. Upon reversal of the direction of E, the shift also reversed. The YIG-PZT bilayer structures could form the basis for rapid, electric field tunable, passive microwave resonators and filters.
Turning off landscape irrigation when rainfall is adequate: what distinguishes intenders from nonintenders?

ABSTRACT This research compared intenders, people who intended to turn off their landscape irrigation when recent rainfall was adequate, with nonintenders. Nonprobability sampling was used to access adult Florida residents who used automated landscape irrigation. An electronic survey instrument was used to collect information regarding perceptions, personal characteristics, and Theory of Planned Behavior variables pertaining to the target behavior. Data revealed intenders more thoughtfully considered how rainfall influenced the water requirements of their yards. Intenders were also more likely to have engaged in this environmentally desirable practice in the past. Also, among the most important differences between the groups, intenders had stronger personal norms, higher descriptive and subjective norms, greater perceived behavioral control, and more positive attitudes surrounding the behavior. People working to encourage urban landscape water conservation can improve behavioral intentions by targeting increased personal norms, and descriptive and subjective norms, the factors that best distinguish intenders from nonintenders.
Scrutinizing the k-ε Turbulence Model Under Adverse Pressure Gradient Conditions

The k-e model and a one-equation model have been used to predict adverse pressure gradient boundary layers. While the one-equation model gives generally good results, the k-e model reveals systematic discrepancies, e.g. too high skin friction coefficients, for these relatively simple flows. These shortcomings are examined and it is shown by an analytical analysis for the log-law region that the generation term of the e-equation has to be increased to conform with experimental evidence under adverse pressure gradient conditions. A corresponding modification to the e-equation emphasizing the generation rate due to deceleration was employed in the present investigation and resulted in improved predictions for both moderately and strongly decelerated flows.
LOWER TEMPERATURE CRYSTALLIZATION AND ORDERING IN SOL-GEL DERIVED PB(SC0.5TA0.5)O3 POWDERS AND THIN LAYERS

Lead scandium tantalate was prepared by a polymeric sol‐gel method, and the crystallization into the perovskite phase was determined at significantly reduced temperatures (600–700 °C). The extent of B‐site cation ordering was also determined as a function of cooling conditions. Results are reported for the integration of capacitors on silicon with a capacitance density greater than 200 fF/μm2. A preferred (111) orientation was obtained, with (1/21/21/2) B‐site cation partial ordering. No evidence was obtained for A‐site Pb vacancy ordering. Results are reported for x‐ray diffraction and selected‐area electron diffraction investigations.
Quantifying the Contributions of Regional Human Activities and Global Climate Change to the Regional Climate in a Typical Mountain‐Oasis‐Desert System of Arid Central Asia From 1979 to 2018

Many studies have examined the influence of global climate change and regional human activities on the climate of arid Central Asia, but their separate contributions have rarely been reported due to lack of a comprehensive description of regional human activities, especially the irrigation process, in the model. In this study, we conducted two sets of 40‐year continuous simulations with and without human activities to distinguish the effects of regional human activities and global climate change on the surface air temperature (T2), humidity (Q2) and precipitation of a typical mountain‐oasis‐desert system in northern Tianshan by using a modified WRF‐Noah model with irrigation processes. The results indicated that the annual average T2, Q2 and convective precipitation during the past 40 years increased by 0.393°C, 0.063 g/kg and 0.014 mm/d, respectively, and the annual average large‐scale precipitation and total annual average precipitation decreased by approximately −0.017 and −0.003 mm/d, respectively. Regional human activities contributed 52.63% and 50.38% of the change in large‐scale precipitation and total precipitation, respectively, while global climate change accounted for more than 80% of the change in temperature and humidity. Among the human activities, irrigation had the largest impact on T2/Q2 over the local irrigation region and on precipitation in the upstream Tianshan mountainous area. However, for the whole region, the increase in the green vegetation fraction was the core factor that impacted the regional climate. Our results can deepen the understanding of the attribution and mechanism of climate change and provide water and heat change references for other mountain‐oasis‐desert systems in arid endorheic regions.