Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low‐frequency variability of South Pacific Tropical Water from Argo

Based on the Argo floats data, the low‐frequency salinity variability of the South Pacific Tropical Water (SPTW) is investigated in this study. Subsurface salinity along the 24.5 σθ surface in the South Pacific subtropical gyre exhibits a trend with dipole‐like structure during 2004–2012. The northern flank of the SPTW gets fresher by 0.3 practical salinity unit (psu), while the southern flank gets saltier by 0.2 psu, suggesting a poleward shift of the water mass. Salinity along the SPTW core shows a relatively weak interannual variability with a peak‐to‐peak amplitude of 0.05 psu. Such a subsurface salinity variability seems to be connected with the sea surface salinity variability in the SPTW formation region, and the dipole‐like structure of the salinity trend is further linked to the decadal variability of the evaporation minus precipitation in this region.
Study on the relationship between NDVI of NOAA-AVHRR image and the aedes density in Guangdong Province

AIM: To analyze the relationship between NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and the aedes density, to explore the application of NOAA AVHRR (National Oceanic and Aeronautic Administration Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) images in the big scale aedes density surveillance and to provide theoretical evidence for the establishment of a remote sensing forecast model of aedes density distribution. METHODS: Monthly mean aedes density was calculated by the on the spot data obtained from all counties in Guangdong Province in1995. 'Vector' layer was made with the latitude and longitude of the county center as the center by the software ArcView8.1. The correlation between NDVI extracted from AVHRR images and aedes density was analyzed by correlation analysis and steps regression analysis. RESULTS: NDVI of the epidemical season and non epidemical season had obvious difference in Guangdong province and the maximum NDVI of the epidemical season, (NDVIMax e), the mean NDVI of the epidemical season (NDVIMean e) and the minimum NDVI of the epidemical season (NDVIMin e) of the epidemical season were higher than those of non epidemical season ( P 0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that the vegetation indexes correlated with the aedes density were: The maximum NDVI of Jul, Aug, Sept, Oct, and Dec, the mean NDVI of Mar, Jul, Nov, Dec, and the minimum NDVI of Nov ( P 0.01), [BI = -14865+0.691X max Sep + 0.325 X max Aug + 0.126X mean Jul + 0.054X min Nov ( P0.01, R 2 = 0.801)]. CONCLUSION: The relationship between NDVI of NOAA AVHRR images and the aedes density distribution is consistent with the breeding habitats of the aedes, suggesting that NOAA AVHRR images can be used to monitor large scale aedes density.
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION BY NURSING STUDENTS OF A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL POR PARTE DE ACADÉMICOS DEL CURSO DE ENFERMERÍA DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR

The exposure of university environment, often stressful, and lifestyle changes can make students and young adolescents more likely to use alcohol. This descriptive transversal and quantitative study, aimed to identify and assess alcohol consumption by students from a nursing course from an institution of higher education in the Midwest Minas Gerais. The students were selected through proportional stratified sampling and subjected to a structured questionnaire and the CAGE questionnaire. The results showed that 65.5% of students say they are alcoholics and 50% of their first contact with the alcohol was with friends in adolescence (67%). The majority reported an increase in consumption after enrolling in college, and 28% of individuals were at risk of dependence, through screening positive for the CAGE questionnaire. It was concluded that the use of alcohol by students is taking a major concern, abuse and alcohol dependence assessed by CAGE were relatively notorious, which is a warning to universities and families. Descriptors: Students; Nursing; Alcoholism; Alcoholic beverages. RESUMEN La exposicion al ambiente universitario, con frecuencia exigente, y los cambios de estilo de vida pueden hacer que los estudiantes y jovenes adolescentes sean mas propensos a consumir alcohol. Este estudio, transversal descriptivo y cuantitativo, tiene el objetivo de identificar y evaluar el consumo de alcohol por los estudiantes de un curso de enfermeria de una institucion de educacion superior en la mineria del Medio Oeste. Los estudiantes fueron seleccionados mediante un muestreo estratificado proporcional y se sometieron a un cuestionario estructurado y el cuestionario CAGE. Los resultados mostraron que el 65,5% de los estudiantes dicen que son alcoholicos, y el 50% de su primer contacto con el alcohol fue con amigos en la adolescencia (67%). La mayoria informo de un aumento en el consumo despues de inscribirse en la universidad, y el 28% de los individuos presentaron riesgo de dependencia, a traves del cribado positivo para el cuestionario CAGE. Se concluyo que el uso de alcohol por parte de los estudiantes llega a proporcion preocupante; el abuso y la dependencia del alcohol evaluado por CAGE fueron relativamente significativos, lo que constituye una advertencia a las universidades y las familias. Descriptores: Estudiantes; Enfermeria; Alcoholismo; Bebidas alcoholicas. 1
To Share or Not to Share: Adjustment Dynamics in Sharing Markets

To aid in the description and estimation of the tremendous recent growth in the collaborative economy, we provide a model for the dynamics of sharing, subject to fixed costs and imperfect price formation. The sharing economy comprises a set of infinitely lived, heterogeneous suppliers, who take recurring decisions about entering or leaving the market. We provide a closed-form solution for the nonlinear evolution of the equilibrium in the sharing economy, typically resulting in an S-curve diffusion pattern. In general, the sharing economy can evolve in a nonmonotonic way, with downward adjustments followed either by a steady state or by a positive diffusion towards a steady state. The conversion costs produce a decision hysteresis for potential sharers. Unless these costs are so large that the economy rests in steady state (almost) immediately, the adjustment process does not converge in finite time. The study implies viability conditions for the sharing economy in the presence of an intermediary. The qualitative results are shown to be robust with respect to changes in the assumptions about price formation and hold even in the limiting case of a frictionless economy with almost immediate price updates.
Odontopleura (Trilobita, Silurian), and a method of constrained congruency analysis

Odontopleura (Odontopleura) arctica, a new species of odontopleurine trilobite, is described from the Canadian Arctic. A method of cladistic analysis is detailed. Parsimony analysis should be performed treating all characters as unordered. The universe of directed trees implied by the resulting rootless network(s) can then be examined and a preferred tree selected by a criterion of congruency. Namely, the most parsimonious directed tree that accommodates the most congruent arrangement of character-states should be taken as the preferred cladogram. Since this is essentially a general congruency method operating within the constraints of parsimony, it is termed “constrained congruency. ” The method is applied to the genus Odontopleura, resulting in the recognition of two major species groups, the nominate subgenus and Sinespinaspis n. subgen. Odontopleura (Ivanopleura) dufrenoyi Barrande is tentatively included in the genus, but considered too poorly known for cladistic analysis. Species assigned to Odontopleura (Odontopleura) include Odontopleura ovata Emmrich, Odontopleura brevigena Chatterton and Perry, Odontopleura (Odontopleura) arctica n. sp. , and Diacanthaspis serotina Apollonov. Species assigned to Sinespinaspis n. subgen. include Taemasaspis llandoveryana Šnajdr, Odontopleura greenwoodi Chatterton and Perry, Odontopleura maccallai Chatterton and Perry, and Odontopleura nehedensis Chatterton and Perry. Odontopleura bombini Chatterton and Perry is tentatively placed in synonymy with Odontopleura nehedensis. The genus had a wide distribution throughout the Early and Middle Silurian, due to preferences for deep-water, distal shelf or shelf-slope transition zone habitats.
Promoting Road Safety for Sustainable Communities: Analysing Driving Anger, Aggressive Driving, and Road Accident Proneness with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) Approach

Objective: Numerous studies have emphasized the web of factors contributing to a driver’s vulnerability to road accidents. These factors often stem from the interaction between drivers’ conduct, environmental conditions, and vehicle-related aspects. Among these elements, road rage and aggressive driving behavior are particularly noteworthy for their roles in road accidents. In this article, we delve into the connection between road rage, aggressive driving, and their combined impact on the likelihood of road accidents among Malaysian drivers. Theoretical framework: Theoretical materials were based on international scientific publications, reports, and scientific papers. Empirical findings from previous studies were critically reviewed for a more complete and objective presentation of the road accident problem. Methodology: This study used a cross-sectional design to administer self-administered questionnaires to drivers. The survey method made it possible to study the factors influencing susceptibility to traffic accidents quantitatively. The analysis reveals compelling insights using a rigorous structural equation modeling approach. Results and Conclusion: Driving anger and aggressive driving significantly influence the likelihood of road accidents among Malaysian drivers. This study holds significant implications for theoretical understanding and practical intervention strategies to reduce road accident proneness within the Malaysian road user community. The findings provide valuable insights and recommendations to enhance road safety, ultimately contributing to the sustainability of communities through reduced road accidents. Originality/value: The originality and value of the study lie in its in-depth examination of the relationship between driving anger, aggressive driving, and the likelihood of road accidents among Malaysian drivers. It goes beyond existing research by employing a rigorous structural equation modelling approach, drawing from international scientific publications and empirical findings. This comprehensive approach offers fresh insights into the specific context of Malaysia and provides a foundation for practical interventions to reduce road accident proneness, contributing to community sustainability and road safety.
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Cardiovascular Significance; Current Evidence and Novel Insights

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a premalignant condition characterized by the presence of low levels of a monoclonal protein in the serum and a low percentage of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. MGUS may progress to multiple myeloma or other plasma cell disorders at a rate of 1% annually. However, MGUS may also have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system independent of its malignant potential. Emerging data have shown that MGUS is associated with cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood but may involve genetic abnormalities, vascular calcification, cryoglobulinemia, cold agglutinin disease, autoantibodies and the direct or indirect effects of the monoclonal protein on the vascular endothelium. Herein, we review current evidence in this field and we suggest that patients with MGUS may benefit from regular cardiovascular risk assessment to prevent severe cardiovascular complications, in parallel with close hematological follow-up to monitor potential disease progression.
Analyzing Structural Heterogeneity of Informal Sector Employment in Kenya

The informal sector accounts for 83 per cent of total employment in Kenya. This study sought to understand duality and its driving factors to inform policy on enhancing decent work in the informal sector in Kenya. Using a multinomial logit analysis, the study established that workers are motivated to engage in more than one job in the informal sector due to its structure, to get more earnings and to meet the standard of living. Indeed, employees with low skills, less income and those residing in rural areas are likely to have two jobs in the informal sector. Further, workers in formal full time employment are less likely to engage in duality compared to their counterparts who have no contract. Women and youth are more likely than men to work on multiple jobs in the informal sector.
The “evolution” of Anomalocaris and its classification in the arthropod class Dinocarida (nov.) and order Radiodonta (nov.)

The remarkable “evolution” of the reconstructions of Anomalocaris, the extraordinary predator from the 515 million year old Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, reflects the dramatic changes in our interpretation of early animal life on Earth over the past 100 years. Beginning in 1892 with a claw identified as the abdomen and tail of a phyllocarid crustacean, parts of Anomalocaris have been described variously as a jellyfish, a sea-cucumber, a polychaete worm, a composite of a jellyfish and sponge, or have been attached to other arthropods as appendages. Charles D. Walcott collected complete specimens of Anomalocaris nathorsti between 1911 and 1917, and a Geological Survey of Canada party collected an almost complete specimen of Anomalocaris canadensis in 1966 or 1967, but neither species was adequately described until 1985. At that time they were interpreted by Whittington and Briggs to be representatives of “a hitherto unknown phylum. ” Here, using recently collected specimens, the two species are newly reconstructed and described in the genera Anomalocaris and Laggania, and interpreted to be members of an extinct arthropod class, Dinocarida, and order Radiodonta, new to science. The long history of inaccurate reconstruction and mistaken identification of Anomalocaris and Laggania exemplifies our great difficulty in visualizing and classifying, from fossil remains, the many Cambrian animals with no apparent living descendants.
Tema con variazioni: quantum channel capacity

Channel capacity describes the size of the nearly ideal channels, which can be obtained from many uses of a given channel, using an optimal error correcting code. In this paper we collect and compare minor and major variations in the mathematically precise statements of this idea which have been put forward in the literature. We show that all the variations considered lead to equivalent capacity definitions. In particular, it makes no difference whether one requires mean or maximal errors to go to zero, and it makes no difference whether errors are required to vanish for any sequence of block sizes compatible with the rate, or only for one infinite sequence.
Salt Tectonics and Structural Styles in the Deep-Water Province of the Cabo Frio Region, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Cabo Frio region, offshore Rio de Janeiro, lies between two of the most prolific Brazilian oil provinces, the Campos and Santos basins. Major geologic features have been identified using a multidisciplinary approach integrating seismic, gravity, petrographic, and borehole data. The Cabo Frio frontier region is characterized by marked changes in stratigraphy and structural style and is unique among the Brazilian marginal basins. Major geologic features include the deflection of the coastline and pre-Aptian hinge line from northeast to east; a large east-striking offshore graben related to salt tectonics; a northwest-trending lineament extending from oceanic crust to the continent; basement-involved landward-dipping (antithetic) normal faults in shallow water; a stable platform in the southern Campos Basin; a thick sequence of postbreakup intrusive and extrusive rocks; and, near the Santos Basin, a mobilized sequence of deep-water postrift strata affected by landward-dipping listric normal faults. These faults are unusual in salt-related passive margins in that they dip landward, apparently detach on the Aptian salt, and show large late Tertiary offsets. Locally, the older sequences do not show substantial growth in the downthrown blocks. South of the Rio de Janeiro coast, a phenomenal landward-dipping fault system detaches blocks of the Albian platform to the north and, to the south, coincides with the depositional limit of the Albian platform. This deep-water fault system controls features that can be mapped for hundreds of kilometers along strike and forms an Albian stratigraphic gap tens of kilometers wide. Two end-member processes of salt tectonics in the Cabo Frio region result in either synthetic or antithetic basal shear along the fault weld under the overburden: (1) thin-skinned processes, in which the listric faults were caused by salt flow in response to gravity forces related to massive clastic progradation from the continent; and (2) thick-skinned processes, in which faulting was indirectly triggered by diastrophic causes or disequilibrium in the basement topography. The structural styles in the Cabo Frio region are compared with analogs from other basins and with sandbox models.
BIOFILM CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUBSTRATE IN INTEGRATED VERTICAL-FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND

The biomass,thickness and activity of the biofilm in substrate in integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland were studied.The formation time of biofilms varied from 40 to 60 days with the quality of influent water.The biofilms with high trophic level in influent accumulated rapidly,the steady biomass and activity of biofilms were 1.59 and 1.5 times higher.The activity of biofilms with various thicknesses was different,and the optimum thickness was 150 um.The biofilm thickness in different layers of the substrate was dissimilar,the thickest biofilm was in the outmost surface(0~5 cm) of the substrate,being 2~3 times of other layers and 3~4 times of the optimum thickness.Excessive biofilm accumulation was not in favor of improvement of treatment efficiency and prone to cause clog of constructed wetland.
Walking as a transport mode: Examining the role of preconditions, planning aspects and personal traits for the urban pedestrian

The overall aim of this thesis is to examine how walking as a transport mode is constructed in the planning realm, affected by the built environment and perceived by the individual. This aim is related to the following research questions: (1) How are pedestrians and walking understood, constructed and perceived in the planning context? (2) How does individual traits and the built environment affect the propensity of walking? The thesis starts off by arguing for the need of a holistic take on walking as a mode of transport (Study A). A framework building on the actor-network theory concepts of Paper I is used to overcome this. Study B adresses research question 1 and specifically concerns the role of the planning paradigm instrumental rationality with respect to walking. The aim is to explore to what extent pedestrian planning has subscribed to the methods employed within the limits of instrumental rationality. The study draws on planning material and data from interviews with urban and transport planners in three municipalities in the southern part of Sweden (Malmo, Lund, and Helsingborg). The analysed material displays walking as increasingly being included in planning exercises, although not with a consistent and thought-out strategy proceeding from instrumental rationality. Study C acts as the quantitative study and addresses research question 2. The three included papers (III, IV and V) all use data from the same questionnaire concerning walking behaviour and perceptions in three neighbourhoods in Malmo, Sweden, albeit with differing approaches and analysis. Paper III draws on a time geographical conceptualisation of the individual’s limits in order to explore her/his different ratings of the importance of both time and distance as factors in the decision to walk. Two variables which were intended to represent coupling constraints were associated with a positive increase in the likelihood of giving the importance of time a higher rating than the importance of distance. The findings suggest that time and distance cannot be treated as interchangeable measures. Paper IV employs a conceptual model addressing both perceptions of the built environment and perceived limits due to every-day activities as a standpoint for examining walking behaviour. The analysis revealed a resemblence with the theoretical interpretation and a significant assocation with walking propensity for the rating of one factor addressing the perceived constraints of every-day activities. Paper V aims to examine how preferences for residential choice and modal choice play out regarding walking frequency. The study design treated preferences as explicit variables predicting the amount of walking in a neighbourhood. The analysis indicated that heterogeneous preferences resulted in a heterogeneous response, in terms of walking frequency. (Less)
Manuscript title: SpecSeg: cross spectral power-based segmentation of neurons and neurites in chronic calcium imaging datasets Authors:

Authors: Leander de Kraker1, Koen Seignette1*, Premnath Thamizharasu1*, Ildefonso Ferreira Pica1, Christiaan N. Levelt1,2#, and Chris van der Togt1# 1Netherlands Institute for Neurosciences, Molecular Visual Plasticity group, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 2Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, the Netherlands. #Communicating authors *Equal contribution
University of Birmingham Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection and axon regeneration

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