Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bézier curves and surfaces with multiple shape parameters

In this paper,a class of quartic polynomial basis functions with multiple shape parameters is constructed.It is the extension of quadric Bernstein basis functions.The properties of this class of basis functions are analyzed and a polynomial curve with multiple parameters is defined based on it.The defined curve not only inherits the properties of Bezier curves,but it is also adjustable in the shape with different parameters under the same controlling vertex and fits close to the control polygon.And the classical quadratic Bezier curve and the curves in the related literature are the special cases of this paper.Moreover,the tensor product method is used to extend the curve to surface.Some examples show that the curve and surface defined in this paper provide an effective method for designing curves and surfaces.
Investigation of the Effect of the Auxin Antagonist PEO-IAA on Cannabinoid Gene Expression and Content in Cannabis sativa L. Plants under In Vitro Conditions

The in vitro shoot propagation of Cannabis sativa L. is an emerging research area for large-scale plant material production. However, how in vitro conditions influence the genetic stability of maintained material, as well as whether changes in the concentration and composition of secondary metabolites can be expected are aspects that need to be better understood. These features are essential for the standardised production of medicinal cannabis. This work aimed to find out whether the presence of the auxin antagonist α-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-1H-indole-3-acetic acid (PEO-IAA) in the culture media influenced the relative gene expression (RGE) of the genes of interest (OAC, CBCA, CBDA, THCA) and the concentrations of studied cannabinoids (CBCA, CBDA, CBC, ∆9-THCA, and ∆9-THC). Two C. sativa cultivars, ‘USO-31’ and ‘Tatanka Pure CBD’, were cultivated by in vitro conditions with PEO-IAA presence and then analysed. The RT-qPCR results indicated that even though some changes in the RGE profiles could be observed, no differences were statistically significant compared with the control variant. The results of the phytochemical analyses demonstrate that although there were some differences from the control variant, only the cultivar ‘Tatanka Pure CBD’ showed a statistically significant increase (at a statistical significance level α = 0.05) in the concentration of the cannabinoid CBDA. In conclusion, it would appear that using PEO-IAA in the culture medium is a suitable approach to improve in vitro cannabis multiplication.
Enviromental temperature and age of seeds in tolerance to thermoinhibition in lettuce genotypes1

Lettuce seeds usually show germination problems that can be related to dormancy and or thermoinhibition, as well as to the genotype constitution. The knowledge of the temperature at which the thermoinhibition process begins, as well as the influence of the age of the seed on its germination, is extremely important to establish more suitable parameters for the selection of higher genotypes in breeding programs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the seed germination of three lettuce cultivars according to the enviromental temperature and the age of the seeds. The cultivars Everglades (tolerant to thermoinhibition), Luisa (medium tolerant) and Verônica (sensitive) were used. Seeds of each cultivar were evaluated by the standard germination test, first count test, germination speed index and germination test of remaining seeds. The analyses were performed at four environmental temperatures and in seven storage periods after harvest. None of the cultivars showed primary dormancy. The tolerance to thermoinhibition showed by cultivars Everglades and Luisa and the sensitivity of cultivar Verônica were confirmed. The most suitable temperature for differentiating tolerant and sensitive thermoinhibition genotypes occurred from 30.5 ºC and 260 days after harvest.
Effects of the Vertical Resolution and the Treatment of Surface Winds on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Budget Computations During a Period of Cold Air Outbreak Over the Warm Sea Surface

Les taux d'echauffement et d'humidite au-dessus de la region de Kuroshio en hiver ont ete compares aux donnees d'observations en hautes altitudes. Les flux de chaleur sensible et latente a la surface de la mer calcules avec une faible resolution sont surestimes de 60 W M −2 (∼15% du flux total) par rapport aux donnees de fine resolution. Cette difference est d'autant plus forte que les vents sont forts
Survival of Single Immediate Implants and Reasons for Loss: A Systematic Review

Background: Immediate implant placement (IIP) or Type I implants have become more attractive than conventional implant placements as it reduces the number of surgical procedures and allows faster delivery of the final restoration compared to conventional implant placements. However, the survival of Type I implants varies depending on multiple factors. Purpose: To evaluate the survival rate of Type I implants, and to describe the factors influencing their failure. Materials and methods: A developed search strategy was applied to identify randomised controlled trials on single-unit immediate implants including at least six human participants with a minimum follow-up time of 12 months and published between 1 January 1999 and 1 January 2020 in several databases. The data were extracted independently using validated data extraction forms. Information on survival rates, number of implants placed, loading protocols, setting of the study, location of implants in the jaw, antibiotic protocol, grafting methods, and implant geometry were obtained and assessed. Results: Twenty-six randomised controlled trials with an average follow-up time of 24 months (range = 12–120 months) were included and analysed to give a survival rate ranging between 83.7 and 100%. Fifteen studies reported implant failures, of which twelve reported early losses (loss before definitive restoration). Nine early losses were due to lack of osseointegration, two did not report the reason for implant failure, and one was reported as iatrogenic. Of the eleven studies with 100% survival rates, the common trend observed was the use of titanium implants and an antibiotic regimen using amoxicillin. Conclusions: The survival rate for immediate single implant placement ranged from 83.7 to 100%. Implant failure was not consistently reported and when reported, failure due to lack of osseointegration prior to placement of the definitive restoration was the most common descriptor. Other attributed reasons included infection abscess, mobility after immediate loading, and iatrogenic complications.
Transformer-Based Synthetic-to-Measured SAR Image Translation via Learning of Representational Features

Deep-learning-based target recognition in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images has been actively studied in recent years. However, it is very costly to collect large numbers of labeled SAR images, especially measured SAR target images of various classes, to train high-performance classification networks. To solve the problem of insufficient SAR data, electromagnetic computational tools have often been developed and used to synthesize the measured SAR target images from data modeling. However, despite the use of sophisticated SAR image modeling, there is a large domain gap between synthetic SAR images and measured images such that networks trained with synthetic SAR images tend to show poor classification performance when tested on measured SAR target images. In this article, we propose a novel transformer-based synthetic-to-measured SAR target image translation network, referred to as SAR-SMT Net, to bridge the gap between synthetic and measured SAR target images. SAR-SMT Net takes synthetic SAR target images as input and estimates the latent representational features of their corresponding measured SAR images to faithfully adjust the global context and scattering characteristics of the input synthetic SAR target images to the corresponding measured SAR values. In addition, we propose five challenging experimental scenarios that can validate SAR image translation performance outcomes. Experimentally, SAR-SMT Net as proposed here outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods in the experiment scenarios, demonstrating feasible generalization ability when used to translate synthetic SAR target images into their corresponding measured SAR target images with a high level of fidelity, even for unseen target classes at unseen azimuth angles.
Mortality Rate and Predictors Among Women With Obstructed Labor in a Tertiary Academic Medical Center of Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction Obstructed labor is one of the most common preventable causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, 36% of maternal mortality was due to obstructed labor with uterine rupture. Thus, this study proposed to measure predictors of maternal mortality among women with obstructed labor in a tertiary academic medical center in Southern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted at Hawassa University Specialized Hospital from July 25 to September 30, 2018. Women who had obstructed labor from 2015 to 2017 were recruited. A pretested checklist was used to retrieve data from the woman's chart. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify variables associated with maternal mortality, and variables with a p-value <. 05 were considered significant at 95% CI. Results With a response rate of 96.3%, 156 moms who experienced labor obstruction were included in the study. Obstructed labor caused the deaths of 14 women, resulting in a maternal mortality rate of 8.9% (95% CI: 7.15, 16.4). Maternal mortality from obstructed labor was reduced in women who received antenatal care visits (AOR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.76) and blood transfusions (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.89). Women who experienced uterine rupture (AOR = 6.25, 95% CI: 5.3, 15.6) and antepartum hemorrhage (AOR = 14, 95% CI: 2.45, 70.5) had a greater risk of maternal mortality than women who did not have the corresponding morbidity. Conclusions The center had a higher rate of maternal mortality due to obstructed labor. Early screening and improving the care for women at greatest risk of antenatal and postnatal co-morbidities like uterine rupture and shock were the major priorities and fundamental strategies to decreasing maternal mortality. It also showed that antenatal care visits, early referral, and blood transfusion for women with obstructed labor should be amended in order to lower maternal mortality.
Palpitations and Co-Occurring Menopausal Symptoms in Women Prior to Breast Cancer Surgery.

OBJECTIVES To determine the occurrence rate of palpitations in women prior to breast cancer surgery and evaluate for differences in demographic and clinical characteristics and menopausal symptoms in patients with and without palpitations. SAMPLE & SETTING Presurgery data on palpitations and menopausal symptoms from 398 patients who underwent breast cancer surgery were analyzed. METHODS & VARIABLES The Menopausal Symptoms Scale was used to evaluate the occurrence, severity, and distress of 46 symptoms, including palpitations. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to evaluate for differences between patients with and without palpitations. RESULTS Women with palpitations had lower annual income, lower functional status, higher comorbidity burden, and higher rates of back pain than women without palpitations. Women with palpitations had twice the number of menopausal symptoms and had higher occurrence rates for 39 of the 45 menopausal symptoms. They reported significantly higher severity scores for difficulty concentrating, dizziness, swollen hands/feet, and wake during the night, and higher distress scores for anxiety, hot flashes, swollen hands/feet, and wake during the night. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Clinicians should perform routine assessments of palpitations and make appropriate referrals to a cardiologist.
The effect of supplementary food on the home range of the multimammate mouse Mastomys natalensis

The effect of supplementary food on the home range area of multimammate mice Mastomys natalensis was investigated. A population of M. natalensis was live-trapped on two experimental grids (food added) and a control grid (no food added) for a twelve month period. Home range area was estimated using the minimum convex polygon and the harmonic mean methods. Home range estimates from these two methods were highly correlated (p < 0.001). The mean distance between successive captures was also calculated and correlated closely with the home range estimates (p < 0.001). Mice on the experimental grids had smaller home ranges and shorter mean distance between captures than those on the control grid. The home range estimates obtained in this study compare well with those from Tanzania.
The Effects of Exercise on Appetite-Regulating Hormone Concentrations over a 36-h Fast in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study

Hunger and satiety are controlled by several physiological mechanisms, including pancreatic and gastrointestinal hormones. While the influence of exercise and fasting have been described individually, in relation to these hormones, there is a paucity of work showing the effects of the two modalities (fasting and exercise) combined. Twenty healthy adults (11 males, 9 females) completed both conditions of this study, each consisting of a 36-h water-only fast. One of the fasts began with treadmill exercise, and the differences between the conditions on various appetite hormones were measured every 12 h. The difference in the area under the curve between conditions for ghrelin was 211.8 ± 73.1 pg/mL (F = 8.40, p < 0.0105), and, for GLP-1, it was −1867.9 ± 850.4 pg/mL (F = 4.82, p < 0.0422). No significant differences were noted for areas under the curve between conditions for leptin, PP, PYY, insulin, or GIP. Initiating a fast with exercise lowers ghrelin concentrations and elevates GLP-1 concentrations. Given that ghrelin elicits feelings of hunger and GLP-1 signals feelings of satiety, adding exercise to the beginning of a fast may reduce some of the biological drive of hunger, which could make fasting more tolerable, leading to better adherence and more significant health outcomes.
SOME THEOREMS ON TRANSFORMATION GROUPS

This paper is divided into two parts, the first of which studies the local structure of an orbit of a locally compact finite dimensional group acting on a Hausdorff space. One interesting consequence of the theorems is that a locally connected orbit is necessarily locally compact if the group has the Lindelof property. We also introduce the notion of G-wise local connectedness for an orbit of a locally compact group G. This is the same as local connectedness when G is compact, but in the general case it is much more closely tied up with the structure of the group itself than mere local connectedness is. In fact we show that if G is effective on a connected manifold then it is a Lie group if and only if all of its orbits are G-wise locally connected. In the case of a Lindelof group the structure theorem shows that the property of being locally connected implies that of being G-wise locally connected. The second part of this paper is devoted in the main to the study of locally compact finite dimensional transformation groups of manifolds. Montgomery has recently shown that any locally compact group effective on a manifold is necessarily finite dimensional, and thus the standing hypothesis in this paper of finite dimensionality is redundant in the theorems relating to this case. One main result of the second part of the paper is that any compact group acting on an n-manifold is effectively a Lie group if it has an orbit of dimension (n - 1) or (n - 2). It follows readily that any connected locally compact group on a 3-manifold is effectively a Lie group. This result can also be obtained more directly and, in fact, we choose to present it in this way. In order to avoid undue repetition, G will always denote a finite dimensional locally compact group in this paper. Such a group has a neighborhood of the identity which is a direct product (algebraically and topologically) of a compact zero-dimensional group Z and a local Lie group L. We may and do choose L so small that it contains no non-trivial entire subgroup and hence such that any subgroup contained in LZ must, in fact, be contained in Z. If G acts on a Hausdorff space X then the elements
Prevalence of group A streptococcal carriage in school children from Cape Town: A cross- sectional study and systematic review

Background. Asymptomatic children can be a major reservoir of pharyngeal group A streptococcus (GAS). The role of GAS carriage causing subsequent infections resulting in the manifestation of clinical symptoms, or being associated with transmission to uninfected individuals, is not entirely clear. Furthermore, data on GAS carriage from countries in Africa remain scant with only a few studies reporting carriage. Objectives. We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic pharyngeal carriage of group A streptococci in school children in Cape Town. We considered our results in the context of a meta-analysis of data of GAS carriage in Africa. Methods. We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study from 2009 to 2011 in two Cape Town peri-urban communities, enrolling 950 healthy learners. Pharyngeal swabs were obtained from learners and processed at the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) microbiology laboratory at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. Thereafter, we conducted a systematic review through a comprehensive literature search among several sources. Prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Results. GAS was isolated from 31 participants corresponding to a carrier rate of 3% (95% CI 2% - 4%). Combining our results with 18 other studies revealed a pooled prevalence of 9% (95% CI 6% - 11%). Regional pooled rates were similar across southern, eastern and northern Africa, of between 9% (95% CI 6% - 11%) and 11% (95% CI 4% - 21%) while countries within Central Africa had a pooled estimate of 7% (95% CI 5% - 9%). Western Africa had the lowest pooled estimate of 2% (95% CI 1% - 2%). Conclusion. There was a relatively low rate of carriage of GAS in asymptomatic school children residing in South Africa. Pooled prevalence rates revealed regional differences across the African continent as regards the rate of GAS carriage, with the western and northern African regions having rates of GAS carriage that were lower and higher respectively than those of East, Central and southern African countries, which demonstrated similar rates of carriage.
Effect of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Concentration and Chain Length on Polymer Nanogel Formation in Aqueous Dispersion Polymerization

Nanotechnology has attracted increasing interest in various research fields for fabricating functional nanomaterials. In this study, we investigated the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) addition on the formation and thermoresponsive properties of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)-based nanogels in aqueous dispersion polymerizations. During dispersion polymerization, PVA appears to play three roles: (i) it bridges the generated polymer chains during polymerization, (ii) it stabilizes the formed polymer nanogels, and (iii) it regulates the thermoresponsive properties of the polymer nanogels. By regulating the bridging effect of PVA via changing the PVA concentration and chain length, the size of the obtained polymer gel particles was maintained in the nanometer range. Furthermore, we found that the clouding-point temperature increased when using low-molecular weight PVA. We believe that the knowledge gained in this study regarding the effect of PVA concentration and chain length on nanogel formation will aid in the future fabrication of functional polymer nanogels.
Preparing for adulthood: educational psychologists’ reflections on using the personal skills profile

ABSTRACT This study sought to establish educational psychologists’ (EPs) views on their experiences of using a personal skills profile (PSP), created to support post-16 transition. Two focus groups were held with EPs working in local authorities in the UK. Discussions focused on participants’ experiences of using the PSP with young people (YP), its value, and how it could be developed further. Audio recordings were transcribed, anonymised and thematically analysed. Findings indicated that EPs found that the PSP elicited useful information to support discussions around preparation for adulthood. Key themes relate to the ease of use by EPs and effectiveness and efficiency in regard to information gathering. The tool was deemed to be accessible to YP. Findings are discussed with specific focus on the EP role in relation to supporting preparation for adulthood as outlined in the Special Educational Needs and Disabilities Code of Practice (SEND CoP). Future directions for research are explored.
A Survey of Federated Learning From Data Perspective in the Healthcare Domain: Challenges, Methods, and Future Directions

Recent advances in deep learning (DL) have shown that data-driven insights can be used in smart healthcare applications to improve the quality of life for patients. DL needs more data and diversity to build a more accurate system. To satisfy these requirements, more data need to be pooled at the centralized server to train the model deeply, but the process of pooling faces privacy and regulatory challenges. To settle them, the concept of sharing model learning rather than sharing data through federated learning (FL) is proposed. FL creates a more reliable system without transferring data to the server, resulting in the right system with stronger security and access rights to data that protect privacy. This research aims to (1) provide a literature review and an in-depth study on the roles of FL in the fields of healthcare; (2) highlight the effectiveness of current challenges facing standardized FL, including statistical data heterogeneity, privacy and security concerns, expensive communications, limited resources, and efficiency; and (3) present lists of open research challenges and recommendations for future FL for the academic and industrial sectors in telemedicine and remote healthcare applications. An extensive review of the literature on FL from a data-centric perspective was conducted. We searched the Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed databases for publications published between January 2018 and January 2023. A new crossover matching between the approaches that solve or mitigate all types of skewed data has been proposed to open up opportunities to other researchers. In addition, a list of various applications was organized by learning application task types such as prediction, diagnosis, and classification. We think that this study can serve as a helpful manual for academics and industry professionals, giving them guidance and important directions for future studies.
Some Characterisations of Soluble SST-Groups

All groups considered in this paper are finite. A subgroup H of a group G is said to be SS-permutable or SS-quasinormal in G if H has a supplement K in G such that H permutes with every Sylow subgroup of K. Following [6], we call a group G an SST-group provided that SS-permutability is a transitive relation in G, that is, if A is an SS-permutable subgroup of B and B is an SS-permutable subgroup of G, then A is an SS-permutable subgroup of G. The main aim of this paper is to present several characterisations of soluble SST-groups.