Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antecedent Factors That Motivated People to Be Successful in Science: The Case of Wa District of the Upper West Region, Ghana

Introduction: The misconception held by many Senior High Schools Students that Science is difficult is having a spill-over effects on many of the Junior High School (JHS) graduates. Many of these JHS graduates were not and still are not opting for science courses at the Senior High Level because they have been indoctrinated with the notion that science is difficult. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the factors that have motivated some personalities to become successful in the fields of science and use the results to encourage more JHS graduates to opt for science courses. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Wa District of the Upper West Region (UWR) of Ghana. Self-reported data were collected from 40 successful science-achievers using structured questionnaire. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. Analysis: The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA. Results: The results of the study revealed that teachers and parents in addition to role models constitute the key variables motivating personalities to read science. Analysis of variance shows statistical significant difference between the following variables: rural and urban motivational factors (mean square=1.469; F=6.723; p= 0.013); personalities who influence choice of science (mean square=17.778; f=49.231; p= 0.000); reasons for choice of science (mean square=20.069; F=49.828; p= 0.000); how respondents were motivated by parents, teachers, and classmates (mean square=19.136; F=26.310; p= 0.000); parental educational background and motivation (mean square=13.225; F=10.309; p= 0.003); suggested ways to motivate students to read science (mean square=24.544; F=28.649; p= 0.000); influence of role models on respondents education (mean square=26.678; f=24.298; p= 0.000); professions of respondents role models (Mean square=36.736; F=28.128; p= 0.000); and ways respondents managed the problems they encountered whilst in school (mean square=40.00.; F=28.148; p= 0.000). Recommendations: The study recommends that teachers and parents should collaborate when making decision regarding choice of courses for their wards. Career education must be instituted in the JHS to give students first-hand information on career opportunities to help them make informed decisions on their choice of courses. Teachers and doctors must exhibit good character worth emulating as they were identified as key role models motivating students to read science. Furthermore, teachers must practicalise their classroom teaching and learning activities to motivate students to read science.
Forecasting the Volatility of Bitcoin: The Importance of Jumps and Structural Breaks

This paper studies the volatility of Bitcoin and determines the importance of jumps and structural breaks in forecasting volatility. We show the importance of the decomposition of realized variance in the in‐sample regressions using 18 competing heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) models. In the out‐of‐sample setting, we find that the HARQ‐F‐J model is the superior model, indicating the importance of the temporal variation and squared jump components at different time horizons. We also show that HAR models with structural breaks outperform models without structural breaks across all forecasting horizons. Our results are robust to an alternative jump estimator and estimation method.
lsoelectric focusing analysis of acetylcholine receptors in mouse and chick muscle cells in culture

Acetylcholine receptors (AChR) on the surface of mouse clonal muscle cells and chick primary muscle cells in culture were analysed by isoelectric focusing after labeling them with radiolabeled a:-bungarotoxin (crBT). Two forms of AChRa:BT complexes were detected from mouse muscle cells, the major one with a pl of 11’-5.4 and the minor one of 15.0. These pl values are readily modified by various treatments, resulting in an increase to around 6.0. From the chick muscle cells, the acidic form of AChR-aBT complex with a pl 915.0 was not detected.
PPM-Decay: A computational model of auditory prediction with memory decay

Statistical learning and probabilistic prediction are fundamental processes in auditory cognition. A prominent computational model of these processes is Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM), a variable-order Markov model that learns by internalizing n-grams from training sequences. However, PPM has limitations as a cognitive model: in particular, it has a perfect memory that weights all historic observations equally, which is inconsistent with memory capacity constraints and recency effects observed in human cognition. We address these limitations with PPM-Decay, a new variant of PPM that introduces a customizable memory decay kernel. In three studies – one with artificially generated sequences, one with chord sequences from Western music, and one with new behavioral data from an auditory pattern detection experiment – we show how this decay kernel improves the model’s predictive performance for sequences whose underlying statistics change over time, and enables the model to capture effects of memory constraints on auditory pattern detection. The resulting model is available in our new open-source R package, ppm (https://github.com/pmcharrison/ppm).
Physiological and biochemical responses of selected cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) accessions to iron toxicity

This study aimed to investigate the effect of iron toxicity in cowpea using physiological and biochemical responses of selected accessions. Fifteen accessions of cowpea were exposed to two treatments of iron using FeSO 4 solution (100 mg l -1 and 400 mg l -1 ) and distilled water at pH 6.2 as control. The results showed that there was a general reduction in germination morphology; germination percentage among the 400 mg l -1 Fe-treated accessions. Seed mortality rates were significantly higher among the 400 mg l -1 Fe-treated accessions (> 35 %). Water imbibition capacity and relative mass gained were higher for Fe-treated accessions. Furthermore, significant increase in the total sugar and percentage utilization of sugars was accompanied by an insignificant decrease in chlorophyll a, a significant decrease in chlorophyll b contents and the persistence of foliar chlorosis, among the 400 mg l -1 Fe-treated accessions. MDA levels were significantly increased while proline remained unchanged, mean SOD activity was insignificantly increased, whereas Cat decreased among the 400 mg l -1 Fe-treated accessions. Documentation of these observable changes in physiological and biochemical parameters will be useful in understanding the impact of elevated iron concentrations on the cultivation of cowpea accessions in soils associated with ferruginous ultisols.
Shallow coral reef free ocean carbon enrichment: Novel in situ flumes to manipulate pCO2 on shallow tropical coral reef communities

Given the severe implications of climate change and ocean acidification (OA) for marine ecosystems, there is an urgent need to quantify ecosystem function in present‐day conditions to determine the impacts of future changes in environmental conditions. For tropical coral reefs that are acutely threatened by these effects, the metabolism of benthic communities provides several metrics suitable for this purpose, but the application of infrastructure to manipulate conditions and measure community responses is not fully realized. To date, most studies of the effects of OA on coral reefs have been conducted ex situ, and while greater ecological relevance can be achieved through free ocean carbon enrichment (FOCE) experiments on undisturbed areas of reef, such approaches have been deterred by technical challenges (e.g., spatial scale and duration, stable maintenance of conditions). In this study, we describe novel experimental infrastructure called shallow coral reef (SCoRe) FOCE to overcome these challenges and present data from a proof of concept application in Mo'orea, French Polynesia. Our objectives were to (1) implement an autonomous system that could be deployed kilometers from shore, (2) regulate the chemical (pCO2) and physical properties of seawater over undisturbed, shallow (∼2–5‐m depth) coral reef over multiple weeks, and (3) measure the metabolic response of the coral community to the treatment conditions. We describe the design, function, and application of the SCoRe FOCE, and present data demonstrating its efficacy. This infrastructure has great potential for advancing ecologically relevant studies of the effects of changing environmental conditions on coral reefs.
Decomposition Algorithms of Blocking the Selected Edges in the Digraph

In this paper, a protein network represented by a directed graph is considered. The problem of determining the minimum number of edges that break paths from the input proteins of the network to the output ones and passing through some subset of proteins in this network is analyzing. A decomposition algorithms are basing on a selection of classes of cyclically equivalent nodes in the sub-graphs with dedicated subset of nodes is suggesting.
Onset electric field of soil ionisation around grounding electrode under lightning

Onset electric field of soil ionisation is one of the basic parameters to analyse the lightning impulse performance of a grounding electrode, which has been fully investigated based on experiments on hemispherical electrode or rod-to-rod gap. Until now, there has been lack of onset electric field of rod-to-plane gap, which is the real situation for grounding electrode. In this study, the soil ionisation around the grounding electrode is studied by experiment. Method to judge the start of ionisation is discussed. Both the effect of the soil resistivity and that of the radius of the grounding electrode on the onset electric field of soil ionisation are investigated. It shows that the onset electric field decreases as the radius of the electrode increases, while increases as the soil resistivity increases. A formula to predict the onset field with respect to soil resistivity and the radius of the grounding electrode is proposed.
Short- and Long-term Side Effects of Non-ablative Fractional Laser Resurfacing in Koreans: Analysis of 286 Consecutive Treatments

Results A total of 286 consecutive treatment sessions in 119 patients (mean age 32.4) were included in the analysis; 159 treatments were applied for acne scars, 81 for prominent pores/wrinkles, and 46 for other facial scars. Erythema, edema, and dryness were significantly more evident and persisted longer in patients treated with higher densities. A total of 71 (24.8%) side effects were recorded. The most frequent complication was acne flaring. Other side effects included postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, herpes viral reactivation, aggravation of rosacea and melasma, and atrophic scarring. Two patients developed melasma after treatment. Side effects occurred more frequently in males than in females. Acne-prone patients were more likely to experience flaring of perioral acne, most commonly observed in the high energy treatment group. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and melasma were not observed in patients treated with lower densities.
Evaluate the Eating Habits of Teachers Working in Various Primary Schools in Ankara

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the eating habits of teachers working in various primary schools in Ankara. Study Design: This was a cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ankara, Turkey between February and May, 2012 in primary schools. Methodology: The study was conducted with 200 teachers. Participants' frequencies of food consumption, eating habits, anthropometric measurements were collected face to face by questionnaire method. Results: 76.0% of the participants were female and 24.0% were male. While more than half (56.0%) of the teachers consume three meals, the most skipped meals are morning (42.8%) and lunch (55.2%) meals. The most consumed food (38.4%) is fruit in both genders. Nutrient intake of teachers decreases when 46.5% of them are sad and when 37.5% of them are nervous, but for 65.5% of them this intake do not change in excitement (p <0.05). 23.5% of the teachers consume Original Research Article Kangalgil et al.; JSRR, 15(5): 1-11, 2017; Article no.JSRR. 36397 2 milk daily, 52.5% eat eggs 1-2 times a week, 39.0% eat green leafy vegetables, 52.5% eat fruits and 77.0% eat white bread on a daily basis. Apart from that the most consumed (91.0%) every day drink is tea. Conclusion: In recent years, wrong nutrition habits and the incidence of chronic diseases related with these habits have increased in the society. Considering the teachers' correct nutritional habits on students, it is thought that it is important to have nutrition lessons in undergraduate curriculum and nutrition seminars in in-service training programs in teacher-educated schools.
Influence of Quality of Work Life Towards Psychological Well-Being and Turnover Intention of Nurses and Midwives in Hospital

Abstract Nurses have been trained to provide patient care and improve patients’ quality of life, but their own quality of work life and psychological well-being are often disregarded. Nurses’ low quality of work life in hospital leads to nurses’ high turnover. The high rate of nurses’ and midwives’ turnover in hospital X Malang is an issue that requires hospital management attention to prevent low quality of health services in the hospital. The purpose of this study was to determine relation between quality of work life, psychological well-being and turnover intention of nurses and midwives in the hospital. This study used quantitative correlation design with cross-sectional approach, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Square. The results showed that the quality of work life positively and significantly affected the psychological well-being of nurses, quality of work life significantly and negatively affected turnover intention, while psychological well-being did not affect the turnover intention, so the psychological well-being did not mediate the effect of quality of work life on turnover intention. Quality of work life influences both psychological well-being and turnover intention, so the improvement quality of work life will reduce turnover intention and inhance the psychological well-being. Abstrak Selama ini perawat telah dilatih untuk memberikan perawatan pasien dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien, namun kualitas kehidupan kerja dan psychological well-being mereka sendiri terabaikan. Rendahnya kualitas kehidupan kerja perawat di rumah sakit menyebabkan tingginya keinginan pindah kerja perawat. Tingginya angka keinginan pindah kerja perawat dan bidan di Rumah Sakit X Malang merupakan masalah yang memerlukan perhatian dari manajemen rumah sakit agar tidak menjadi menyebabkan rendahnya mutu pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja, psychological well-being, dan keinginan pindah kerja perawat dan bidan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap psychological well-being perawat, kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap keinginan pindah kerja, psychological well-being tidak berpengaruh terhadap keinginan pindah kerja, sehingga psychological well-being tidak memediasi pengaruh kualitas kehidupan kerja terhadap keinginan pindah kerja. Kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh pada psychological well-being dan keinginan pindah kerja, sehingga peningkatan kualitas kehidupan kerja akan mengurangi keinginan pindah kerja dan meningkatkan psychological well-being.
Does Higher Self-Control Predict Higher State-Orientation and Negative Self-Referential Emotions? A Mixed Methods Study.

ii List of Tables . iv Introduction . 1 Review of the Literature . 9 Methods . 32 Results . 40 Discussion . 53 References . 62 Appendix A . 75 Appendix B . 76 Appendix C . 80 Appendix D . 82 Appendix E . 83 Appendix F . 85 Appendix G . 86
Impact of Sea Ice on the Hydrodynamics and Suspended Sediment Concentration in the Coastal Waters of Qinhuangdao, China

The influence of sea ice on the hydrodynamics, sediment resuspension, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the coastal area of Qinhuangdao was systematically investigated using 45-day in situ measurements at two stations (with ice at station M1 and without ice at station M2) in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2018. It was found that the daily fluctuations of temperature and salinity at M1 are more significant than those at M2. During a typical seawater icing event on January 28, the temperature and salinity of the bottom water at M1 were decreased by 1.77 °C and increased by 0.4 psu, respectively. Moreover, due to the shielding effect of the sea ice, the residual current was much less affected by the wind at M1 than at M2. For the vertical distribution of current velocity, it changed from a traditional logarithmic type under ice-free conditions to parabolic type under ice-covered conditions due to the larger drag coefficient of the water body on the solid ice surface. For the SSC and turbidity at the bottom layer, the average values were 4.9 μL/L and 8.6 NTU at M1, respectively, approximately half of those at M2. The smaller SSC and turbidity at M1 can be attributed to the lower near-bottom turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). At M2, however, the larger SSC is closely related to the strong wind forcing, which could induce higher TKE without sea ice cover, and hence stronger turbulent resuspension. The seabed sediment analysis results showed that in the study area, fine sand is most likely to resuspend, while cohesive particles would resuspend only under strong hydrodynamic conditions.
Evaluation of the knowledge and practices of pregnant Yemeni Women regarding teratogens

Purpose: To investigate the knowledge and practice of pregnant women with regards to teratogens. Methods: A month-long cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 pregnant women selected from four Motherhood and Child Healthcare Centers (MCHCs) in Mukalla District of Yemen. Data collection was conducted during face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire. Descriptive and simple regression analyses were used. Results: Of the 150 pregnant women who participated in the study, 95.3 % of the pregnant women were < 36 years old, 7.4 % had children with congenital malformations, 62 % indicated that they had heard about folic acid; however, only 16.6 % knew the significance of folic acid. Regarding toxoplasmosis, 94.7 % indicated that they had heard about toxoplasmosis, and 76 % knew about the serious consequences of the disease (congenital malformation and abortion) during pregnancy. Based on simple regression analysis, the results indicate that education and parity, irrespective of age or income level, were the major factors determining better knowledge and practices in pregnancy with regards to toxoplasmosis. Conclusion: Knowledge of folic acid deficiency among pregnant women in Mukalla District of Yemen is relatively low. Furthermore, preventive practices to avoid folic acid deficiency are minimal. Keywords: Knowledge, Practices, Teratogens, Pregnant Yemeni women, Folic acid deficiency
Considering lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration in nasal-wash (NW) as a marker in evaluating the outcome of patients with bronchiolitis

Background: Estimation of bronchiolitis severity in infants is still an important issue and there are no standard methods to help physicians for better evaluation and management of clinical status of these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the role LDH concentration in NW as a biomarker in evaluation the outcome of patients suffering bronchiolitis in Bu Ali Hospital, Ardabil. Methods: 100 children with bronchiolitis aged below 2 years entered the study. Nasal wash sample was extracted from all patients using 2 ml of normal saline. Samples were sent to laboratory to measure LDH level. Data were analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS.16. Results: The mean age of patients was 6.9±3.7 months and 57% of them were male. 42% of patients had mild bronchiolitis and 58% of them suffered from severe bronchiolitis. The LDH level of nasal wash fluid was neither related with gender nor with age. But it was significantly lower in patients who required oxygen therapy and had fever compared with those who did not require oxygen therapy and without fever. Moreover, LDH level showed a significant negative association with hospital stay (r= -0.570, p<0.001) and bronchiolitis severity (r= -0.440, p<0.001) in a way that its concentration was significantly lower in patients with hospital stay longer than 24 hours compared with hospital stay shorter than 24 hours, and in patients with severe bronchiolitis compared with mild bronchiolitis. Conclusions: According to results of this study, LDH measurement in nasal wash fluid can be used as a biochemical marker to evaluate clinical outcomes of bronchiolitis in children younger than 24 months.
Corporate voluntary greenhouse gas reporting: Stakeholder pressure and the mediating role of the chief executive officer

The study sheds light on the extent to which various stakeholder pressures influence voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and how the impact is explained and moderated chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics of 215 FTSE 350 listed U.K. companies for the year 2011. The study developed a classification of GHG emission disclosure based on the guidelines of GHG Protocol, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and Global Framework for Climate Risk Disclosure using content analysis. Evidence from the study suggests that some stakeholder pressure (regulatory, creditor, supplier, customer, and board control) positively impacts on GHG disclosure information by firms. We found that stakeholder pressure in the form of regulatory, mimetic, and shareholders pressure positively influenced the disclosure of GHG information. We also found that creditor pressure also had a significant negative relationship with GHG disclosure. Although CEO age had a direct negative effect on GHG voluntary disclosure, its moderation effect on stakeholder pressure influence on GHG disclosure was only significant on regulatory pressure.
Integrating Liberal Economic Regulation with Environmental Protection: Ethiopia, Zambia, Mali and Ghana

Foreign investors and host African countries have a tied interest in the economy. The interaction of foreign direct investment (FDI) and the environment impacts on the natural world and the population in no small measure. As the interaction evolves, other factors, such as human rights, sustainable development and resource management also begin to shape economic activities. Their impact depends on the regulations and policies of recipient countries. Some researchers believe that the inflow of FDI makes government tighten its environmental regulation and policies, but such a finding is too generalised. The increase in global environmental consciousness shows that relaxed environmental policies have been part of the incentives for attracting FDI into Africa in past years. This paper focuses on how the regulations and policies of selected African countries influence their position in international investment agreements and how such agreements affect environmental laws. A sub-regional policy template is needed that will guide members of regional economic blocs like ECOWAS in framing balanced policies for the environment and FDI.