Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Muonium and Water in Histidine Amino Acid

In order to apply muon spin rotation and relaxation method for study of life sciences like electron transfer process, detection of molecular concentration, photosynthesis process, etc., theoretical study to understand the stopping sites of muon and its charge species in the macromolecules is necessary. In the systematic theoretical study to know the behaviour of muon and muonium in water hydrated biological macromolecules like protein and DNA through the first-principles approach, the behaviour of a water molecule in the presence of muonium in histidine amino acid with extended main chain is presented here. The sites of a water molecule and a muonium in histidine amino acid are estimated. Two possible sites with potential energy 0.3 eV (approximately) for water molecule in the optimized structure of muonium in extended main chain histidine were estimated. Water in the sites is expected to contribute to enhance the intra- and inter-chain electron transfer in the system as reported experimentally.
Enhanced corrosion resistance of adhesive/galvanised steel interfaces by nanocrystalline ZnO thin film deposition and molecular adhesion promoting films

ABSTRACT In this study, nanocrystalline ZnO (NC ZnO) films are considered as interface layers for polymer/metal bonds consisting of hot-dip galvanised steel (HDG) and epoxy resin. NC ZnO films with a thickness of less than one micrometre were deposited on HDG through hydrothermal deposition from aqueous Zn nitrate/hexamethylenetetramine electrolytes. Furthermore, 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid (APPA) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (γ-APS) were considered for molecular adhesion-promoting layers. 90°-peel tests of water-saturated epoxy films confirm the improvement of bond strength under humid environments. Electrochemical properties of the thin film coatings analysed by current density potential curves indicate effective inhibition of oxygen reduction and metal alloy dissolution. Scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) measurements confirm that the corrosive delamination of the polymer from the metal substrate is significantly slowed down by the considered surface modifications. The combination of NC ZnO films with APPA as an adhesion promoting molecule showed the best performances.
Assessing the Impact of Wave–Current Interactions on Storm Surges and Waves during Cold Air Outbreaks in the Northern East China Sea

Storm surges and disastrous waves induced by cold air outbreaks, a type of severe weather system, often impact the coastal economic development. Using the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis wind product and the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport model, we developed a coupled numerical model and applied it to examine the interaction between surface gravity waves and ocean currents during cold air outbreaks in two case studies in the northern East China Sea. The results revealed that wave–current interactions improved the simulation accuracy, especially the water level, as verified by tidal station measurements. We conducted sensitivity experiments to explore the spatiotemporal variation of the impact of wave–current interactions on storm surges and waves in the northern East China Sea, away from the coastline. The wave-induced surge (up to 0.4 m) and the wave-induced current (up to 0.5 m/s) were found to be related to the difference between wave direction and current direction. The significant wave height difference (up to 0.5 m) was sensitive to the storm surge nearshore and sensitive to the current field offshore, while the mean wave direction change (up to 40°) was more sensitive to the current field than to the storm surge. Additionally, the wave–current interaction regulated the momentum balance and wave action balance, respectively. By comparison, the momentum residuals of pressure gradient, Coriolis force, Coriolis–Stokes force, and bottom stress, which were pronounced in different areas, were modulated more significantly by the wave effect than other terms. The dominant mechanisms of wave–current interactions on waves included the current-induced modification of energy generation caused by wind input, the current-induced modification of energy dissipation caused by whitecapping, and the current-induced wave advection.
Root Traits Responses to Irrigation Intervals in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Drought is one of major abiotic stresses that effect rice production. Roots play vital role in absorption of water and nutrients from soil contributing for drought tolerance. The present study quantified the effects of different irrigation intervals on root development and agronomical traits of three Egyptian rice cultivars, Giza177, Giza178, Sakha107, IET1444 as a popular drought tolerant and Moroberekan as control genotype. Irrigation treatments were imposed 15 days after transplanting and applied for every 4, 8 and 12 days during 2018 and 2019 rice growing seasons. The results showed the reduction in root architecture traits with prolonged irrigation intervals. A significant decrease in plant height, number of panicles plant-1, grain yield (t ha-1) and relative water content, while sterility (%) and water use efficiency significantly increased over irrigation intervals. The highly significant and positive correlation was found among grain yield and root:shoot ratio, relative water content and number of panicles plant-1, while the negative correlation was with root xylem vessel number and sterility. It was concluded that, the drought reduced the grain yield and its components due to poor developed root system. Moroberekan and IET1444 genotypes can be used as a donor parent for rice breeding program. Further studies are also required to identify factors that contribute to the high yield potential of both Giza178 and Sakha107 under different water stress condition. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Variations in Wedge Earthquake Distribution along the Strike Underlain by Thermally Controlled Hydrated Megathrusts

Accretionary wedge earthquakes usually occur in the overriding crust close to the trench or above the cold nose of the mantle wedge. However, the mechanism and temperature properties related to the slab dip angle remain poorly understood. Based on 3D thermal models to estimate the subduction wedge plate temperature and structure, we investigate the distribution of wedge earthquakes in Alaska, which has a varying slab dip angle along the trench. The horizontal distance of wedge-earthquake hypocenters significantly increases from the Aleutian Islands to south–central Alaska due to a transition from steep subduction to flat subduction. Slab dehydration inside the subducted Pacific plate indicates a simultaneous change in the distances between the intraslab metamorphic fronts and the Alaskan Trench at various depths, which is associated with the flattening of the Pacific plate eastward along the strike. The across-arc width of the wedge-earthquake source zone is consistent with the across-arc width of the surface high topography above the fully dehydrated megathrust, and the fluid upwelling spontaneously influences wedge seismotectonics and orogenesis.
Comparison between Caudal Dexmedetomidine and Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Infraumbilical Surgeries

Background: The usage of caudal opioids extends the length of analgesia substantially, but it often comes with a slew of adverse side effects, including fatigue, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, and a chance of respiratory distress later on. Objective: The aim of this analysis was to compare the effects of caudal dexmedetomidine versus morphine in conjunction with bupivacaine in pediatric infraumbilical surgeries. Patients and Methods: This randomized controlled sample involved 90 pediatric patients aged 1 to 7 years old, of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, of both sexes, who were scheduled for lower abdominal surgeries. Patients were allocated to three equal groups. Group D got a 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 g/kg dexmedetomidine. Group M obtained a 0.25% bupivacaine + 30 g/kg morphine mixture. Group MD: dexmedetomidine 1 g/kg and morphine 30 g/kg with bupivacaine were used in a single dose caudal epidural analgesia. Results: Intraoperative heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure at 20, 25, 30 and 45 min was significantly decreased in group MD than group D and group M while in postoperative period were insignificantly among the three groups at all times of measurement. FLACC was significantly lower in MD group at discharge, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 18 hours. Ramsey sedation score (RSS) at 30 min was significantly decreased in group M than group D and in group MD than group M. Time for 1st analgesia and paracetamol dosage was significantly earlier in group M than group D and group MD. Pruritus and vomiting were significantly lower in group D than other groups. Conclusions: The addition of dexmedetomidine to caudal morphine in pediatric patients produced longer postoperative analgesia, more sedation and with better emergence from anesthesia and hemodynamic stability, with fewer side effects than morphine.
EFFECT OF COUNTRY IMAGE, PRICE FAIRNESS AND ETHICAL PRACTICE TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION THROUGH CUSTOMER PRECEIVED VALUE OF TTS LECI SIRUP IN SURABAYA

Consumers are the premiere part of companies' business activities. Therefore, the ability to provide products following their expectations and desires from a good image of the products' country origin, benefits, prices, and honesty is crucial. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to test and analyze the effect of country image, price fairness, and ethical practices on customer satisfaction through customer perceived value. The method used in this research is quantitative with the population of people from Surabaya. The sampling method used in this study is a non-probability sampling method. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The data collection method uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires. The measurement scale in this study uses the Likert scale. Data tests were carried out using the structural equation modeling method. From the research results, it can be obtained that the influence between variables, including country image, has a positive and significant effect on customer perceived value and has a positive and insignificant effect directly on customer satisfaction. However, when the effect is on the mediation of customer perceived value, the effect becomes positive and significant. Price fairness has a positive and significant effect directly on customer perceived value and has a positive and insignificant effect directly on customer satisfaction, but when the effect is on the mediation of customer perceived value the effect becomes positive and significant. The ethical practice has a positive and significant effect directly and indirectly on customer satisfaction. Customer perceived value has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The advice given by this study is that the TTS Leci Kaleng company can continue to understand consumer behavior in Indonesia, to attract as many consumers as possible.
Instagram and political campaigning in the 2017 German federal election. A quantitative content analysis of German top politicians’ and parliamentary parties’ posts

ABSTRACT This article compares the communication strategies of party and candidate accounts on Instagram during the 2017 German federal election. Building upon previous research, we conceptualize how the digital architecture of the platform determines its communication norms and how the actual communication practices implemented by parties and candidates follow or violate these norms. Therefore, we analyze how Instagram is used to implement different campaign strategies, focusing on (1) the use of network-related Instagram features-like Hashtags-, (2) text-integrated images, (3) dominant visual themes, (4) visual personalization, and (5) the addressing of policy issues. Since Germany's voting system rewards both candidate- and party-focused campaigning, the country is an ideal case study for an appropriate comparison of party and candidate accounts. We conducted a quantitative content analysis of all 581 posts published on party and candidate accounts during the four weeks before the election. The results suggest that parties and candidates used complementary communication strategies instead of relying on a single tactic. We are able showing that parties in parts strategically violated Instagram's communication norms to convey hard-to-visualize policy messages while candidates prefered to post professional personalized posts. The presented findings provide a starting point for future studies on the perceptions and behavioral outcomes of different campaign strategies.
Effect of some organic acids on microbial quality of dressed cattle carcasses in Damietta abattoirs, Egypt.

This experimental study aimed to investigate the anti-microbial effect of some organic acids (OA) represented by Acetic and Lactic acids of (1 and 2%), and assess its reflection on the microbiological quality of dressed cattle carcasses slaughtered in Damietta city abattoirs. Samples were grouped according the concentration of the used acid to five groups, where each group consisted of five carcasses. Acids were applied as nozzle sprays over the external surface of the carcasses and kept for 20 minutes before swab sampling. Swabs were examined for aerobic plate count (APC), Enterobacteriacae count (EC), Coliform count (CC), Staphylococcus count (SC), mould and yeast counts before and after spraying. Results revealed significant reductions of the assessed microbial counts in both lactic and acetic acids of both concentrations, except fungal counts which revealed insignificant reductions for both acids. Moreover, Gram negative bacteria (Enterobacteriacae) which showed greater sensitivity to the used organic acids than Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus), where greater concentration gave greater reduction in the bacterial counts. Moreover, spray wash of lactic acid resulted in higher reduction of bacterial counts on meat surface than acetic acid. From the obtained results, organic acids showed safe, simple, efficient, cheap, and highly effective modality of meat decontamination, on addition, application of lactic acid 2.0% spray showed higher anti-bacterial effect, therefore, it is recommended to improve safety of sheep carcasses for industrial scales.
Energy Saving and Charging Discharging Characteristics of Multiple PCMs Subjected to Internal Air Flow

One essential utilization of phase change materials as energy storage materials is energy saving and temperature control in air conditioning and indirect solar air drying systems. This study presents an experimental investigation evaluating the characteristics and energy savings of multiple phase change materials subjected to internal flow in an air heating system during charging and discharging cycles. The experimental tests were conducted using a test rig consisting of two main parts, an air supply duct and a room model equipped with phase change materials (PCMs) placed in rectangular aluminum panels. Analysis of the results was based on three test cases: PCM1 (Paraffin wax) placed in the air duct was used alone in the first case; PCM2 (RT–42) placed in the room model was used alone in the second case; and in the third case, the two PCMs (PCM1 and PCM2) were used at the same time. The results revealed a significant improvement in the energy savings and room model temperature control for the air heating system incorporated with multiple PCMs compared with that of a single PCM. Complete melting during the charging cycle occurred at temperatures in the range of 57–60 °C for PCM1 and 38–43 °C for PCM2, respectively, thereby validating the reported PCMs’ melting–solidification results. Multiple PCMs maintained the room air temperature at the desired range of 35–45.2 °C in the air heating applications by minimizing the air temperature fluctuations. The augmentation in discharging time and improvement in the room model temperature using multiple PCMs were about 28.4% higher than those without the use of PCMs. The total energy saving using two PCMs was higher by about 29.5% and 46.7% compared with the use of PCM1 and PCM2, respectively. It can be concluded that multiple PCMs have revealed higher energy savings and thermal stability for the air heating system considered in the current study.
Determining the invoicing dates for raw material order and finish product dispatch using neural networks under exchange rate volatility

ABSTRACT The gains from international supply chains are highly affected by the exchange rate fluctuations in the foreign exchange market. Traditional forecasting methods have not been very useful, and as a result, business firms tend to use hedging or forward contracts to mitigate the exchange rate risk. This research focuses on using machine learning models to forecast the exchange rate for future decision-making in business. This paper uses both time-series data and the categorical data with the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) Neural Network Model to tackle both linear and non-linear data on monetary fundamentals and derives the best dates for invoicing in the international transaction using data of a manufacturing firm. Results show that using the predictions of the LSTM model to decide the invoicing dates for international transactions delivers foreign exchange gain with a better success rate than selecting random dates for both import and export.
The Effects of Growth on Women’s Employment in Pakistan

This article seeks to clarify the effect of growth on gender equality for the case of Pakistan, a country that has seen periods of high growth alongside the persistence of stark gender inequalities. The paper addresses this aim by estimating gendered sectoral employment elasticities of growth for the period 1984–2017 and investigates their drivers. It finds that the secular trend toward productivity-driven growth since the turn of the millennium has lowered the responsiveness of men’s employment to growth impulses in particular. For women, factors related to Pakistan’s gender order are more relevant. Greater gender parity in education enables women to benefit from growth in the form of better employment access. The reverse is the case for improvements in relative women’s life expectancy, understood as indicative of their social status. The paper interprets the related effect as a reduction in the precarity of women’s employment associated with improved status. HIGHLIGHTS Employment dividends of growth are realized in a highly gender-differentiated way. Pakistan’s gender order mediates women’s volatile employment responses to growth. We use excess women’s mortality as an indicator for Pakistan’s gender order. Women workers bear the brunt of recessions through the loss and precarity of jobs. Education is especially relevant in reducing women’s employment precarity.
Co-occurrence of pathogen assemblages in a keystone species the common cockle Cerastoderma edule on the Irish coast

Abstract Abstract Despite coinfections being recognized as the rule in animal populations, most studies focus on single pathogen systems. Pathogen interaction networks and the drivers of such associations are lacking in disease ecology studies. Common cockle Cerastoderma edule populations are exposed to a great diversity of pathogens, thus making them a good model system to investigate. This study examined the diversity and prevalence of pathogens from different taxonomic levels in wild and fished C. edule on the Irish coast. Potential interactions were tested focussing on abiotic (seawater temperature and salinity) and biotic (cockle size and age, and epiflora on shells) factors. No Microsporidia nor OsHV-1μVar were detected. Single infections with Haplosporidia (37.7%) or Vibrio (25.3%) were more common than two-pathogen coinfected individuals (9.5%), which may more easily succumb to infection. Fished C. edule populations with high cockle densities were more exposed to infections. Higher temperature and presence of epiflora on cockle shells promoted coinfection in warmer months. Low seawater salinity, host condition and proximity to other infected host species influenced coinfection distribution. A positive association between two Minchinia spp. was observed, most likely due to their different pathogenic effect. Findings highlight the major influence that ecological factors have on pathogen interactions and host–pathogen interplay.
The curl–curl conforming virtual element method for the quad-curl problem

In this paper, we present the [Formula: see text]-conforming virtual element (VE) method for the quad-curl problem in two dimensions. Based on the idea of de Rham complex, we first construct three families of [Formula: see text]-conforming VEs, of which the simplest one has only one degree of freedom associated to each vertex and each edge in the lowest-order case, respectively. An exact discrete complex is established between the [Formula: see text]-conforming and [Formula: see text]-conforming VEs. We rigorously prove the interpolation error estimates, the stability of discrete bilinear forms, the coercivity and inf–sup condition of the corresponding discrete formulation. We show that the conforming VEs have the optimal convergence. Some numerical examples are given to confirm the theoretical results.
Parametric Analysis for Underwater Flapping Foil Propulsor

This paper researched into the harmonic and anharmonic underwater flapping foil propulsion systems to improve the efficiency of these bioinspired propulsors. The angle of attack, the pitching angle, the heaving amplitude, and the phase difference are parametrically investigated in this paper. A rigid two-dimensional NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) 0012 airfoil is modeled with the aid of a commercial computational fluid dynamics software, FINE™/Marine. Unsteady Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (URANS) equation is solved together with dynamic mesh to simulate the foil motion. The investigation first verifies the reliability of the developed modeling method against the benchmark data. Then, the systematic investigation is conducted and identifies that the heaving amplitude is most influential factor for the propulsion efficiency. Secondly, phase difference also has a significant influence on efficiency, but this effect is related to the reference working condition, which needs further study. Then, the pitching amplitude has little effect on the maximum efficiency value of flapping foil, while it will affect its optimal speed range. When the heaving amplitude ratio reaches 3 and the corresponding maximum angle of attack is about 9°, the maximum efficiency can reach 87%. The effect of anharmonic motion on the efficiency is very small and varies with the St number, but in summary, it can maintain the peak efficiency over a wider range of operations. In addition, the force and flow field characteristics of different efficiency points are compared and analyzed to distinguish their corresponding relationship with the propulsion efficiency.