Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bio-economic analysis of ESBN fishery of Kumira, the coastal area of Chittagong, Bangladesh

The present investigation was conducted from May to December 2005 at Kumira, the representative area of Chittagong coast for bio-socioeconomic analysis of ESBN fishery. In catch composition of Kumira, it was observed that finfish occupied 77.03 %, shrimp 19.82 % and crab 3.15 % and the average catch per boat per day were found 16.6 kg in Kumira. The highest total catch per boat per day (50 kg) was found in October at Kumira. The lowest catch was found (2 kg) in August at Kumira. The average total catch per landing center per month was found 14805 kg at Kumira. The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg at Kumira and the average cost per boat per month was about 7,813 Tk in the study area. Average sale per month was found over 18,713 Tk in Kumira. During the month July and August most of the fishermen were engaged in Hilsa fishing with the Hilsa gill net resulting the total catch was with ESBN lowest in those months.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 315-322
Exploring the Phyto-Remediation Potential
of Different Winter Weeds for Lead Toxicity

: Lead (Pb) is the most common heavy metal contaminant in the environment, and its concentration is continuously increasing owing to anthropogenic activities. Phytoremediation is a green technique used globally to remediate polluted soils. The role of weeds as potential phytoremediation agents has rarely been reported in the literature. Weeds are more tolerant to abiotic stress; hence, it was hypothesized that these can serve the purpose more efficiently. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of five winter weeds, namely Avena fatua , Phalaris minor , Coronopus didymus , Chenopodium murale , and against various levels of Pb stress: control, 100 and 200 ppm. Results depicted that all the weeds could survive under higher levels of Pb; nonetheless, exposure to 200 ppm Pb stress reduced shoot dry weight (29%-69%) across all weeds. The internal CO 2 concentration, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate decreased (5-60%) among all weeds with increasing Pb stress levels. However, Avena fatua , Phalaris minor , and Chenopodium murale depicted better gas exchange attributes than other weeds. Moreover, increased (4-60%) antioxidant activity was observed in all weeds at 100 ppm Pb level; nevertheless, it decreased at 200 ppm Pb. Additionally, Pb concentration was highest in Avena fatua , Phalaris minor , and Coronopus didymus (60-75 ppm), and the bio-accumulation factor showed that Avena fatua and Coronopus didymus were the accumulators of Pb. The translocation factor of Phalaris minor was more than 1, depicting that Pb was translocated more into shoots from roots; all other weeds accumulated more Pb in their roots than shoots. Thus, it can be concluded that different winter weeds can thrive under Pb stress, and Avena fatua and Coronopus didymus can serve the purpose of phytoremediation
A systematic review of Behaviour Change Interventions to improve exercise self-efficacy and adherence in people with Parkinson’s disease using the Theoretical Domains Framework

Abstract Physical activity and exercise can limit the development of sarcopenia in Parkinson’s Disease. This review aims to evaluate the potential effects of behavioural change (BC) interventions on exercise self-efficacy and adherence in people with Parkinson’s. We searched nine databases and included randomised and non-randomised studies reporting exercise self-efficacy, quality of life (QoL), physical function and/or exercise adherence. Two reviewers independently screened, data extracted, and assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence. The interventions were mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework. Eleven studies (n=901) were included. Four were randomised trials and risk of bias was mixed. Most interventions were multi-component, including education, behavioural techniques, and support groups. The most effective domains appear to be Behavioural regulation, Belief about Capabilities, Social influences, Reinforcement and Goals. Future research should examine multi-component BC interventions encompassing the five most effective TDF domains.
Adverse events following immunization of mRNA-1273 (Moderna) booster vaccine in clerkship students

Two-dose primary vaccine administration was the best strategy to reduce the prevalence and severity of COVID-19. Improved immunity and antibody response to the new variant virus by administering a booster vaccine is needed. Health workers are the main priority for administering the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) booster vaccination in Indonesia. This vaccine has high effectiveness, and safety, however, data and evaluation of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) is required. This study aimed to determine the AEFIs of mRNA-1273 booster vaccination in clinical clerkship students as an early adult age group. The research design was a repeated cross-sectional study using purposive sampling technique. There were 214 subjects who met the requirements. Subject filled out an online questionnaire containing evaluation of AEFIs. The most local AEFIs symptoms were pain at the injection site (79.0%), while the common systemic symptoms were headache, drowsiness, weakness, and fever (37.4%; 26.2%; 9.8%; 9.3%). Most AEFIs were felt within 30 minutes to three days. No respondents required hospitalization, experienced anaphylactic shock, became disabled, or died. The AEFIs did not have a significant relationship with gender, history of allergies, co-morbidities, or history of COVID-19. This information is used as a preventive or educational effort to support implementation vaccine in Indonesia.
IgG Serum Antibodies to Shigella sonnei Lipopolysaccharide Are Inversely Associated with the Incidence of Culture-Proven S. sonnei Shigellosis in Israeli Children and Adolescents

Background: Shigella is a leading cause of moderate-to-severe diarrhea globally, with young children most affected. The burden of shigellosis drops increasingly with age, inferring the acquisition of natural immunity. We tested the hypothesis that IgG antibodies elicited against Shigella O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) are correlates of age-acquired immunity. Objectives: We examined levels and determinants of serum IgG to S. sonnei LPS and the association with the incidence of S. sonnei shigellosis in Israeli children and adolescents. Methods: We analyzed 1096 serum samples from 0- to 19-year-olds collected in 2008–2015 for IgG anti-S. sonnei LPS levels by ELISA. Corresponding age-specific incidences of culture-proven S. sonnei shigellosis from 2008 to 2015 were obtained. We compared ecologically IgG levels, prevalence above a proposed protective threshold, and S. sonnei shigellosis incidence. Results: In a multivariable analysis model, children aged 1–4, 5–14, and 15–19 years were 6.71, 27.68, and 48.62 times more likely to have IgG anti-S. sonnei LPS above the threshold than those aged < 1 year, respectively (p < 0.001). Infants 0–3 months old had relatively high IgG anti-S. sonnei LPS levels of maternal origin that dropped thereafter. Children of low socioeconomic status had a 2.73 times higher likelihood of having IgG anti-S. sonnei LPS above the threshold (p < 0.001). A significant inverse correlation between age-specific IgG anti-S. sonnei LPS levels and S. sonnei shigellosis incidence was observed (Spearman rho= −0.76, p = 0.028). Conclusions: The study results support anti-S. sonnei LPS antibodies as correlates of protection that can inform Shigella vaccine development.
Simulation of the Central Indian Ocean Mode in CESM: Implications for the Indian Summer Monsoon System

The simulation of the Indian summer monsoon and its pronounced intraseasonal component in a modern climate model remains a significant challenge. Recently, using observations and reanalysis products, the central Indian Ocean (CIO) mode was found to be a natural mode in the ocean‐atmosphere coupled system and also shown to have a close mechanistic connection with the monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO). In this study, the simulation of the actual CIO mode in historical Community Earth System Model (CESM) outputs is assessed by comparing with observations and reanalysis products. The simulation of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation, a major component of tropical intraseasonal variabilities (ISVs), is satisfactory. However, the CIO mode is not well captured in any of the CESM simulations considered here. The force and response relationship between the atmosphere and the ocean associated with the CIO mode in CESM is opposite to that in nature. The simulated meridional gradient of large‐scale zonal winds is too weak, which precludes the necessary energy conversion from the mean state to the ISVs and cuts off the energy source to MISO in CESM. The inability of CESM to reproduce the CIO mode seen clearly in nature highlights the CIO mode as a new dynamical framework for diagnosing the deficiencies in Indian summer monsoon simulation in climate models. The CIO mode is a coupled metric for evaluating climate models and may be a better indicator of a model's skill to accurately capture the tropical multiscale interactions over subseasonal to interannual timescales.
Thinking globally, acting locally: Analyzing the adaptation of mainstream supremacist concepts to a local socio-historical context (ELAM in Cyprus)

The aim of this study is to show how trans-national right-wing linguistic strategies and global xenophobic attitudes are reworked at national levels, and how, as a result, specialized country- and culture-specific coercion and legitimization strategies arise. Using a detailed, quantitative-qualitative method of analysis, we look at the Greek Cypriot extreme-right party ELAM to see how the party’s anti-migration rhetoric construes any foreign presence as threat, by proximizing it linguistically as ‘invasion. ’ This strategy allows the conflation of the current ‘Other’ (migrants) with archetypical adversaries, such as Turkey. Indeed, anchoring the migration issue in the main national narrative, i.e., the long-standing Cypriot conflict, gives their xenophobic language conceptual coherence and strengthens its textual cohesion. In particular two figures of speech are the basis of this invasion script, the word metanasteftiko ‘the immigration phenomenon’ conceptualized as the kipriako (the Cyprus problem, i.e., the political division of the island). This parallelism opens the way for a number of inferences, while it also enables a conceptual shift from the real phenomenon known as globalization and multiculturalism to the imagined idea of a ( white/Western) genocide . Data include comments responding to ELAM followers’ YouTube videos and mainstream press representations. Methodology includes corpus linguistics and discourse analysis focused on the fundamental metaphors found in the data such as migration as unbearable weight and migration as dirt .
Effect of PCB Surface Finishs on Intermetallic Compound Growth Kinetics of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu Solder Bump

Thermal annealing and electromigration test were performed at and conditions in order to investigate the effect of PCB surface finishs on the growth kinetics of intermetallic compound (IMC) in Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder bump. The surface finishes of the electrodes of printed circuit board (PCB) were organic solderability preservation (OSP), immersion Sn, and electroless Ni/immersion gold (ENIG). During thermal annealing, the OSP and immersion Sn show similar IMC growth velocity, while ENIG surface finish had much slower IMC growth velocity. Applying electric current accelerated IMC growth velocity and showed polarity effect due to directional electron flow.
Observing animal behaviour and movement patterns remotely: A case study using bio-logging technology on free-ranging Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber)

Understanding animal behaviour is a fundamental part of biology and has been revolutionized by the invention of bio-logging units, which can be used to study wild animals in their natural habitats. In this thesis, tri-axial accelerometers and GPS systems were used to examine activity, behaviour and movement patterns of dominant, free-living Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber) (n = 33; 19 males, 14 females) in southeast Norway. We investigated whether accelerometry data could be used to study beaver behaviour, and, by using a random forest classifier, were able to identify seven different behaviours (standing, walking, swimming, feeding, grooming, diving and sleeping). Capture and tagging can be stressful, and, thus, changes in activity and movement patterns were examined for the first week after the tagging event. There was a lower post-release activity; however, the small effect size indicated that it was likely minor. We applied these results when studying movement patterns and the diving behaviour of beavers. Movement patterns in water and on land were linked to territory size and individual age. There was a trade-off between foraging and patrolling: beavers in larger territories patrolled more, but stayed closer to the shoreline when foraging, while this relationship was reversed in smaller territories. Movement patterns also changed with increasing age: older beavers spent more time on land and within absolute border zones, which may be linked to increased experience of dominant territory holders with time. Beavers dived during only 2.8% of their active time and the majority of dives where short and shallow. Maximum diving depth and dive durations (total and bottom phase) were defined by the physical effort during the descent and bottom phases and the maximum depth reached, while water temperature had no effect. Lastly, to advance analyses of accelerometry data, we provide researchers with software for visualizing behavioural data coupled with proxies for power use, or any other parameter of interest. This thesis emphasizes the power of accelerometers and GPS systems for determining beaver behaviours, ranging from the construction of ethograms, to evaluating tagging effects, to gaining detailed insights into the beavers’ movement patterns and diving performance, and reinforces the field by introducing a new software tool for the analysis of such data.
The Risk of Orthorexia and the Prevalence of Emotional Eating Behaviours among Polish Military Flying Personnel in Relation to Body Mass Index (BMI) and Sociodemographic Factors

Background: Proper nutrition has a positive impact on health. Paradoxically, excessive preoccupation with healthy eating may lead to the emergence of abnormal eating behaviours and increase the risk of developing disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of orthorexia (ON) and the prevalence of emotional eating (EE) in military flying personnel of the Polish Air Force in relation to BMI and sociodemographic factors. Methods: This study included 760 soldiers (including 60 females) taking part in the National Health Programme 2021–2025. The ORTO-15 questionnaire and EEQ were used to assess the risk of ON and EE. Results: The risk of ON occurred in 28.9% of military flying personnel and was significantly more frequent in soldiers with a normal weight (46.4%), under 40 years of age (42.7%), and with higher education (42.7%). The prevalence of EE was found in approximately 12.3% of the respondents and was significantly more common in soldiers with diagnosed obesity (17.5%), women (21.7%), and soldiers with higher education (13.6). Other sociodemographic variables did not differentiate the results of the ORTO-15 questionnaire and EEQ. Conclusions: The obtained results indicate that the problem of eating disorders also occurs in military populations. The necessity of continuing research in this area is discussed.
The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic among healthcare workers at the grassroots level in Vietnam

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Therefore, an immediate priority is to monitor rates of mental health issues to understand related factors and inform interventions. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychological and mental health impact of COVID-19 and some related factors among HCWs at the grassroots level in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 675 HCWs working at health facilities through questionnaires. The finding showed the rate of HCWs who were psychologically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic was 37.2%, of which 64.1% of HCWs were afraid to tell their families about the risk of exposure to COVID-19 at work. The 31.0% of HCWs had difficulty sleeping deeply/insomnia due to the COVID-19 epidemic. No statistically significant differences were found in the psychological impact of COVID-19 between HCW groups by age, gender, seniority, and professional qualifications. Some groups of HCWs were found to have poor psychological health. Our research suggests that during the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs working in healthcare facilities experienced an increased psychological burden; psychological interventions for those at high risk and with common mental disorders should be included to reduce this burden and protect HCWs' mental health.
Cross-Level Context Fusion Network for Polyp Segmentation in Colonoscopy Images

Medical image analysis, particularly polyp segmentation, plays a pivotal role in the early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer. The accuracy and precision of polyp identification significantly influence the subsequent diagnostic conclusions and therapeutic strategies. However, polyp segmentation still grapples with several challenges such as considerable variations in polyp size, shape, color, and location, and a high degree of visual similarity between polyps and their immediate tissue surroundings, attributable to factors like light reflection and motion blur during the capture of colonoscopy images. In this paper, we propose a novel Cross-level Context Fusion Network (CCFNet) for polyp segmentation within colonoscopy images. This network capitalizes on cross-level and multi-scale contextual information effectively, thereby enhancing segmentation performance significantly. Within the proposed framework, a High-level Feature Cascaded (HFC) module is presented to integrate the high-level features to produce a coarse segmentation map. This map establishes a global relationship for each pixel, which aids in accurately locating the polyps. In addition, a Cross-level Integration Module (CIM) is proposed to fuse the cross-level features to capture the complementary information from the adjacent layers. Consequently, the module extracts and fuses multi-scale features to learn rich feature representations. Moreover, we propose a Global Context Enhancement (GCE) module to utilize the global map to augment feature representations inside the decoder network. These enhanced features are then harnessed to construct multiple side-out segmentation maps. Extensive experimental results on five publicly polyp segmentation datasets demonstrate that our CCFNet surpasses other comparable methods in improving the accuracy of polyp segmentation.
Comparison of Growth and Physiological Effects of Soil Moisture Regime on Plantago maritima Plants from Geographically Isolated Sites on the Eastern Coast of the Baltic Sea

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses of P. maritima plants from five geographically isolated sites growing in habitats with different conditions to different substrate moisture levels in controlled conditions. Plants were produced from seed and cultivated in a greenhouse at four relatively constant soil moisture regimes: at 25, 50, and 75% soil water content and in soil flooded 3 cm above the surface (80% F). The two morphological traits that varied most strikingly among P. maritima accessions were the number of flower stalks and the number of leaves. Only plants from two accessions uniformly produced generative structures, and allocation to flowering was suppressed by both low moisture and flooding. Optimum shoot biomass accumulation for all accessions was at 50 and 75% soil moisture. The Performance Index Total was the most sensitive among the measured photosynthesis-related parameters, and it tended to decrease with an increase in soil water content for all P. maritima accessions. The initial hypothesis—that plants from relatively dry habitats will have a higher tolerance against low soil water levels, but plants from relatively wet habitats will have a higher tolerance against waterlogged or flooded soil—was not proven. The existence of three ecotypes of P. maritima within the five accessions from geographically isolated subpopulations on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea at the level of morphological responses to soil water content can be proposed. P. maritima plants can be characterized as extremely tolerant to soil waterlogging and highly tolerant to soil flooding and low soil water content.
High-Content Imaging-Based Assay for SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies

The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern necessitates the determination of populational serum potency against the virus. Here, we standardized and validated an imaging-based method to quantify neutralizing antibodies against lentiviral particles expressing the spike glycoprotein (pseudovirus). This method was found to efficiently quantify viral titers based on ZsGreen-positive cells and detect changes in human serum neutralization capacity induced by vaccination with up to two doses of CoronaVac, Comirnaty, or Covishield vaccines. The imaging-based protocol was also used to quantify serum potency against pseudoviruses expressing spikes from Delta, Omicron BA.1. 1.529, and BA.4/5. Our results revealed increases in serum potency after one and two doses of the vaccines evaluated and demonstrated that Delta and Omicron variants escape from antibody neutralization. The method presented herein represents a valuable tool for the screening of antibodies and small molecules capable of blocking viral entry and could be used to evaluate humoral immunity developed by different populations and for vaccine development.
Metabolic Rewiring and Altered Glial Differentiation in an iPSC-Derived Astrocyte Model Derived from a Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia Patient

The pathophysiology of nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH), a rare neuro-metabolic disorder associated with severe brain malformations and life-threatening neurological manifestations, remains incompletely understood. Therefore, a valid human neural model is essential. We aimed to investigate the impact of GLDC gene variants, which cause NKH, on cellular fitness during the differentiation process of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into iPSC-derived astrocytes and to identify sustainable mechanisms capable of overcoming GLDC deficiency. We developed the GLDC27-FiPS4F-1 line and performed metabolomic, mRNA abundance, and protein analyses. This study showed that although GLDC27-FiPS4F-1 maintained the parental genetic profile, it underwent a metabolic switch to an altered serine–glycine–one-carbon metabolism with a coordinated cell growth and cell cycle proliferation response. We then differentiated the iPSCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and astrocyte-lineage cells. Our analysis showed that GLDC-deficient NPCs had shifted towards a more heterogeneous astrocyte lineage with increased expression of the radial glial markers GFAP and GLAST and the neuronal markers MAP2 and NeuN. In addition, we detected changes in other genes related to serine and glycine metabolism and transport, all consistent with the need to maintain glycine at physiological levels. These findings improve our understanding of the pathology of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and offer new perspectives for therapeutic options.