Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and determinants of silent myocardial ischemia in patients with type 2 diabetes in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

Introduction diabetes mellitus is a major health problem worldwide. It is associated with high cardiovascular morbi-mortality especially coronary artery disease. Myocardial ischemia is often asymptomatic (silent myocardial ischemia) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus thus making early diagnosis difficult. Silent myocardial ischemia is defined as the objective evidence of myocardial ischemia in the absence of chest discomfort or other angina equivalents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of silent myocardial ischemia in a population of people with type 2 diabetes using exercise stress electrocardiography. Methods we carried out a cross-sectional study between January and April 2019 at the National Obesity Centre of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Patients with type 2 diabetes underwent a complete clinical evaluation, blood test, resting electrocardiogram (ECG), and exercise stress ECG according to the Bruce protocol. A positive stress test was defined as horizontal or down-sloping ST depression ≥ 1mm or upsloping ST depression of 2 mm or more 0.06 to 0.08 seconds after the J point. Results a total of 112 patients with diabetes (63 males and 49 females) were screened. The median age was 58 (IQR: 51 - 64) years. The median time from diabetes diagnosis was 8 (IQR: 5 - 12) years. Fifty-seven (50.4%) had hypertension, 78 (69.0%) had dyslipidemia, 66 (58.4%) were obese, 70 (61.9%) had poor glycemic control, and 23 (20.2%) were smokers. Sixty-five (58%) patients had a positive exercise stress ECG test. Factors independently associated with a positive stress test were abdominal obesity (aOR: 4.2, [95% CI: 1.4 - 12.8]) and Female sex (aOR: 2.5, [95% CI: 1.1 - 5.7]). Conclusion the prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia was high in a population of asymptomatic patients. This was independently associated with abdominal obesity and female sex.
IS capabilities, supply chain collaboration and quality performance in services: the moderating effect of environmental dynamism

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the effects that information systems (IS) capabilities can have on supplier collaboration and customer collaboration and on quality performance in service contexts. In addition, the study examines how supply chain collaboration influences quality performance under various levels of environmental dynamism.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model for this study is designed on the basis of the resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities view (DCV). A survey of 156 UK service firms was conducted and the data analyzed to test theoretical model using the structural equation modeling method. Furthermore, the moderating effect of environmental dynamism was investigated.FindingsThe results show that IS capabilities are positively associated with supply chain collaboration. Both supplier collaboration and customer collaboration are positively related to quality performance. Supplier collaboration has a positive effect on customer collaboration. Environmental dynamism significantly moderates the relationship between customer collaboration and quality performance, but no moderating effect on the relationship between supplier collaboration and quality performance.Originality/valueThis study takes a step toward quelling concerns about the business value of IS, contributing to the development and validation of the measurement of IS capabilities in the service supply chain context. The study deepens our understanding of supply chain collaboration by making a distinction between supplier collaboration and customer collaboration and investigating the correlation of supplier collaboration and customer collaboration. The findings extend the empirical application of RBV and DCV. In addition, this study’s findings direct service firms to develop IS capabilities that can enhance specific kinds of supply chain collaboration activities, thereby enabling improved quality performance.
A retrospective cohort study of anterior half peroneus longus tendon vs hamstring tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A minimum 3-years follow-up

Background: The anterior half of the peroneus longus tendon (AHPLT) has recently gained popularity to become the alternate graft choice for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction due to its acceptable biomechanical properties, easy and safe to harvest. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to compare the results of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with AHPLT and hamstring graft at the minimum of 3 years follow-up. Knee stability, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score and Tegner activity level were collected. Results: There was no clinical significance regarding physical examination. Postoperative IKDC score was higher in the hamstring group compared with AHPLT group. Multiple regression analysis was done. The parsimonious model revealed graft types and gender were the most optimal variables explained postoperative IKDC score. Conclusion: AHPLT graft can be an alternative choice to conventional graft for single anatomic ACL reconstruction with less donor site morbidity, however there must be concern for smaller graft in short and thin female patients.
Severity and Correlates of the Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in a Nationally Representative Sample of Turkish Secondary Boarding School Counselors

The aim of this study was to examine the severity of the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in a nationally representative sample of secondary boarding school counselors and their association with sociodemographics, school counselor self-efficacy, self-esteem, happiness, and stressful life events. Participants consisted of 181 (52.5% women; M = 26.91) school counselors working at different secondary boarding schools across Turkey who completed the measures related to sociodemographics, happiness, self-esteem, school counselor self-efficacy, stressful life events, depression, anxiety, and stress. After confirming construct validity and reliability of the self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and stress scales, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation analysis, and multivariate multiple regression analysis. The study results suggested that depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms are prevalent among school counselors, approximately 23% of whom experience at least moderate symptoms of depression and stress, and approximately 31% experience at least moderate symptoms of anxiety. Moreover, the results indicated that the most commonly experienced symptoms were dysphoria in depression, situational anxiety in anxiety, and impatience in stress among school counselors. This study also found that sociodemographic factors and school counselor self-efficacy were not associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. However, higher levels of happiness and self-esteem and fewer stressful life events experienced within the past year consistently showed a negative association with exhibiting decreased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among school counselors. Self-care activities focusing on increasing self-esteem and happiness and teaching skills to cope effectively with stressful life events may help to diminish the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among secondary boarding school counselors.
Orthopedic Surgery Fellowship Directors: Trends in Demographics, Education, Employment, and Institutional Familiarity

Background: Fellowship directors are assumed to be distinguished in orthopedics, but the traits and training that have enabled them to achieve their leadership positions have not been assessed. Purpose: We sought to identify common demographics, research output, and educational trends of fellowship directors in orthopedics, with an emphasis on racial, ethnic, and gender diversity. Methods: We conducted a literature review to identify published studies on fellowship directors in orthopedic surgery and found 4 cross-sectional studies of fellowship directors in spine, arthroplasty, pediatrics, and sports medicine subspecialties. Another 4 accredited orthopedic subspecialties and their fellowship directors were identified using the American College of Graduate Medical Education Public Accreditation Data System for 2020-2021 and national fellowship directories. Data endpoints included race/ethnicity, age, sex, residency and fellowship training institutions, year of fellowship completion, year of hire at current institution, year of fellowship directors appointment, and h-index. The demographics and educational backgrounds for listed fellowship directors were collected from curricula vitae (CVs). Results: Of the 537 fellowship directors identified among 8 orthopedic subspecialties, the average age was 52.9 ± 2.2 years, 5.6% (N = 30) were women, 79.1% (N = 406) were white, 12.5% (N = 64) were Asian American, 3.7% (N = 19) were African American, 2.9% (N = 15) were Middle Eastern, and 1.7% (N = 9) were Hispanic/Latino. Oncology 20% (N = 4) had the highest percentage of female fellowship directors; 37.6% (N = 202) of fellowship directors were at the same institution they trained at for residency or fellowship. Their average h-index was 18.6 ± 3.7. Conclusion: This study of fellowship directors in orthopedics found that they have a high research output and a high level of institutional familiarity. We identified a need for greater diversity in these leadership positions in both gender and race/ethnicity.
Using Theoretical Models in Mixed Methods Research: An Example from an Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study Exploring Teachers' Beliefs and Use of Technology

The purpose of this article is to illustrate the dynamic process involved in developing and utilizing a theoretical model in a mixed methods study. Specifically, I illustrate how the theoretical model can serve as the starting point in framing the study, as a lens for guiding the data collection and analysis, and as the end point in explaining the integrated findings. The article is based on an explanatory sequential mixed methods study conducted with 248 teachers in Jamaican secondary schools that sought to understand how beliefs shaped their use of technology. This article contributes to mixed methods research by providing illustrations and analytical insights into the role of a theoretical model in enhancing rigor in designing and conducting mixed methods research.
Effect of Age and Gender on Categorical Vocal Emotion Recognition in Mandarin Chinese

Categorical perception (CP) effect, as a fundamental feature of perception which allows humans to rapidly and properly respond to sensory cues, has received accumulating evidence from various perceptual experiments, such as musical tone perception and facial emotion identification. The current study attempted to detect the potential CP effect of vocal emotion perception in Mandarin Chinese and further explored the effect of age and gender on emotional prosody categorization. Three emotional prosody continua (happiness-sadness, neutral-happiness, neutral-sadness) were created using speech synthesis. Each continuum consists of 11 emotional speeches with equal-sized physical differences. Two groups of subjects (children and adults) were instructed to finish both the identification tasks and discrimination tasks. Results indicated that adults showed significantly narrower boundary width compared to younger children, and women’s boundary width was also significantly narrower than men’s. Moreover, the emotion categories of the children group did not coincide with those of adults. These findings provide novel evidence for categorical emotion recognition from voice and also illuminate the effect of age and gender on prosodic perception of emotional speech. Particularly, the current research indicates that children’s capacity to decode emotions follows a slow course of development before changing into adults’ emotional category patterns.
Modeling and Preliminary Analysis of the Impact of Meteorological Conditions on the COVID-19 Epidemic

Since the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak at the end of 2019, many studies regarding the impact of meteorological factors on the attack have been carried out, and inconsistent conclusions have been reached, indicating the issue’s complexity. To more accurately identify the effects and patterns of meteorological factors on the epidemic, we used a combination of logistic regression (LgR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) modeling to investigate the possible effects of common meteorological factors, including air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and surface pressure, on the transmission of the COVID-19 epidemic. Our analysis shows that: (1) Different countries and regions show spatial heterogeneity in the number of diagnosed patients of the epidemic, but this can be roughly classified into three types: “continuous growth”, “staged shock”, and “finished”; (2) Air temperature is the most significant meteorological factor influencing the transmission of the COVID-19 epidemic. Except for a few areas, regional air temperature changes and the transmission of the epidemic show a significant positive correlation, i.e., an increase in air temperature is conducive to the spread of the epidemic; (3) In different countries and regions studied, wind speed, relative humidity, and surface pressure show inconsistent correlation (and significance) with the number of diagnosed cases but show some regularity.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces Neuronal Loss and Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease Through the miR-195a-5p/CREB Axis.

AIM Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs the quality of life of patients, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a new treatment strategy. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the rTMS-induced improvement in PD. MATERIAL AND METHODS We established a PD model by administering 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine to SAMP8 mice. The mice were then subjected to rTMS. Motor coordination and cognition were assessed using rotarod and Morris water maze tests, respectively. Nissl staining was performed to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, western blotting was employed to assess the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Additionally, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-6 in the cerebrospinal fluid were evaluated using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The expression of miR-195a-5p and cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) was examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed using primary cortical rat neurons to validate the interaction between miR-195a-5p and CREB. RESULTS rTMS improved cognition and motor coordination as well as reduced neuronal apoptosis/ and the levels of inflammatory factors in PD mice. It downregulated the expression of miR-195a-5p but upregulated that of CREB. In primary rat cortical neurons, miR-195a-5p directly targeted CREB, and we found that miR-195a-5p suppression enhanced cognitive and motor functions in PD mice. Moreover, miR-195a-5p downregulation decreased inflammatory response and neuronal loss in the PD mice. CONCLUSION rTMS exerted its neuroprotective effects on PD mice by regulating the miR-195a-5p/CREB axis. This finding reveals a novel mechanism through which rTMS improves PD and indicates that miR-195a-5p is a potential therapeutic target for PD treatment.
Creating Coherence-Based Nurse Planning in the Perinatology Care System

The combination of increasing demand and a shortage of nurses puts pressure on hospital care systems to use their current volume of resources more efficiently and effectively. This study focused on gaining insight into how nurses can be assigned to units in a perinatology care system to balance patient demand with the available nurses. Discrete event simulation was used to evaluate the what-if analysis of nurse flexibility strategies and care system configurations from a case study of the Perinatology Care System at Radboud University Medical Center in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Decisions to exercise nurse flexibility strategies to solve supply–demand mismatches were made by considering the entire patient care trajectory perspective, as they necessitate a coherence perspective (i.e., taking the interdependency between departments into account). The study results showed that in the current care system configuration, where care is delivered in six independent units, implementing a nurse flexibility strategy based on skill requirements was the best solution, averaging two fewer under-/overstaffed nurses per shift in the care system. However, exercising flexibility below or above a certain limit did not substantially improve the performance of the system. To meet the actual demand in the studied setting (70 beds), the ideal range of flexibility was between 7% and 20% of scheduled nurses per shift. When the care system was configured differently (i.e., into two large departments or pooling units into one large department), supply–demand mismatches were also minimized without having to implement any of the three nurse flexibility strategies mentioned in this study. These results provide insights into the possible solutions that can be implemented to deal with nurse shortages, given that these shortages could potentially worsen in the coming years.
Testing a hatchback type passenger car fire

: The paper presents comments on statistics, referring to passenger cars ﬁ res in Poland. The emphasis is placed on arsons. Experiments on ﬁ res started by the “Molotov cocktails” are presented. The paper includes description of a ﬁ re test conducted on a hatchback car with a LPG system. The photographs include the burning gas out ﬂ ow, witnessed after triggering the safety valves in LPG system. Hazards are pointed out, including those concerning the driver, passengers, rescuers and others. The hazards are connected with a leak of fuel or a gas stream and hazardous explosions of car parts. A description of temperature taken on the car body surface is provided. An infrared camera has been used.
The Class A β-Lactamase Produced by Burkholderia Species Compromises the Potency of Tebipenem against a Panel of Isolates from the United States

Tebipenem-pivoxil hydrobromide, an orally bioavailable carbapenem, is currently in clinical development for the treatment of extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and AmpC-producing Enterobacterales. Previously, tebipenem was found to possess antimicrobial activity against the biothreat pathogens, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei. Thus, herein, tebipenem was evaluated against a panel of 150 curated strains of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) and Burkholderia gladioli, pathogens that infect people who are immunocompromised or have cystic fibrosis. Using the provisional susceptibility breakpoint of 0.12 mg/L for tebipenem, 100% of the Bcc and B. gladioli tested as being provisionally resistant to tebipenem. Bcc and B. gladioli possess two inducible chromosomal β-lactamases, PenA and AmpC. Using purified PenA1 and AmpC1, model β-lactamases expressed in Burkholderia multivorans ATCC 17616, PenA1 was found to slowly hydrolyze tebipenem, while AmpC1 was inhibited by tebipenem with a k2/K value of 1.9 ± 0.1 × 103 M−1s−1. In addition, tebipenem was found to be a weak inducer of blaPenA1 expression. The combination of the slow hydrolysis by PenA1 and weak induction of blaPenA1 likely compromises the potency of tebipenem against Bcc and B. gladioli.
Effects of Climatic Factors on Diarrheal Diseases among Children below 5 Years of Age at National and Subnational Levels in Nepal: An Ecological Study

Introduction: The incidence of diarrhea, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries such as Nepal, is temperature-sensitive, suggesting it could be associated with climate change. With climate change fueled increases in the mean and variability of temperature and precipitation, the incidence of water and food-borne diseases are increasing, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. This national-level ecological study was undertaken to provide evidence linking weather and climate with diarrhea incidence in Nepal. Method: We analyzed monthly diarrheal disease count and meteorological data from all districts, spanning 15 eco-development regions of Nepal. Meteorological data and monthly data on diarrheal disease were sourced, respectively, from the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology and Health Management Information System (HMIS) of the Government of Nepal for the period from 2002 to 2014. Time-series log-linear regression models assessed the relationship between maximum temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and diarrhea burden. Predictors with p-values < 0.25 were retained in the fitted models. Results: Overall, diarrheal disease incidence in Nepal significantly increased with 1 °C increase in mean temperature (4.4%; 95% CI: 3.95, 4.85) and 1 cm increase in rainfall (0.28%; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.41). Seasonal variation of diarrheal incidence was prominent at the national level (11.63% rise in diarrheal cases in summer (95% CI: 4.17, 19.61) and 14.5% decrease in spring (95% CI: −18.81, −10.02) compared to winter season). Moreover, the effects of temperature and rainfall were highest in the mountain region compared to other ecological regions of Nepal. Conclusion: Our study provides empirical evidence linking weather factors and diarrheal disease burden in Nepal. This evidence suggests that additional climate change could increase diarrheal disease incidence across the nation. Mountainous regions are more sensitive to climate variability and consequently the burden of diarrheal diseases. These findings can be utilized to allocate necessary resources and envision a weather-based early warning system for the prevention and control of diarrheal diseases in Nepal.
A Model of Trust

Trust is central to a large variety of social interactions. Different research fields have empirically and theoretically investigated trust, observing trusting behaviors in different situations and pinpointing their different components and constituents. However, a unifying, computational formalization of those diverse components and constituents of trust is still lacking. Previous work has mainly used computational models borrowed from other fields and developed for other purposes to explain trusting behaviors in empirical paradigms. Here, I computationally formalize verbal models of trust in a simple model (i.e., vulnerability model) that combines current and prospective action values with beliefs and expectancies about a partner’s behavior. By using the classic investment game (IG)—an economic game thought to capture some important features of trusting behaviors in social interactions—I show how variations of a single parameter of the vulnerability model generates behaviors that can be interpreted as different “trust attitudes”. I then show how these behavioral patterns change as a function of an individual’s loss aversion and expectations of the partner’s behavior. I finally show how the vulnerability model can be easily extended in a novel IG paradigm to investigate inferences on different traits of a partner. In particular, I will focus on benevolence and competence—two character traits that have previously been described as determinants of trustworthiness impressions central to trust. The vulnerability model can be employed as is or as a utility function within more complex Bayesian frameworks to fit participants’ behavior in different social environments where actions are associated with subjective values and weighted by individual beliefs about others’ behaviors. Hence, the vulnerability model provides an important building block for future theoretical and empirical work across a variety of research fields.