Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Older people and collective action : social psychological determinants

This thesis examines the social psychological processes and factors involved in willingness to participate in collective action among older people. This work is framed within two social psychological theories, i.e. Identity Process Theory (Break well, 1986) and Social Representations Theory (Moscovici, 1984). The research used the construct of barriers to collective action. The barriers were conceptualised at different levels of analysis and were considered to embody both identity and representational aspects. The research comprised three studies. Study 1 used a questionnaire among 277 older people in order to establish the extent to which older people participate in different types of collective action. Two types of participation were identified, i.e. 'active' and 'passive'. Disability in specific areas and non-participation in a group were related to lower involvement in collective action. Study 2 was designed to explore the social issues older people are concerned about, to identify the types of collective action they are likely to take, and to examine perceived barriers to engaging in collective action. Thirteen focus groups were run (n= 59) and the data was content analysed. Findings showed that older people perceive a need for social change for a wide variety of social issues and the importance of several aspects of identity and belief systems as either facilitators or barriers to engaging in collective action was revealed. Collective action was defined in terms of type of action (from individual to group action) and type of goal (from collective expression to collective change). Different social psychological factors accounting for willingness to engage in collective action were identified. These were investigated in the following study. Study 3 (n= 345) investigated the relationships between certain social psychological factors and collective action. Differences in perceptions of barriers according to five levels (intraindividual, interpersonal, intragroup, intergroup, societal) were shown. These were related to the way they give meaning to older people's identity structure and social beliefs. A model of collective action was tested. Willingness to participate in collective action was directly predicted by political trust, previous experience of collective action, perceived effectiveness of collective action and perceived barriers. Identity and ideology factors acted indirectly through previous experience, perceived effectiveness and perceived barriers. This work has implications for future research on the study of processes involved in explaining the generation of collective action and for the study of the socio-cognitive processes affecting ageing.
Effects of Psychological Factors on Sports Training: Evidences of Male Athletes

Sports and training are interrelated with each other. The role of training in sports is always considered as pivoting tool to enhance sports performance of athletes. In past, there was no proper concept of training in sports. In the recent technological era of sports and physical education, the training has gained significant importance. Sports training is a systematic process which prepare athletes physically, mentally and tactically for sports events. It is also a fact that different factors affect the process of sports training. Examining the available literature, this study was designed to assess separately the effects of psychological factors on sports training of male athletes in, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. This study is mainly focused to examine the effects of various psychological factors like training style, lack of motivation, fear of sports injuries and punishment. A sample of 106 athletes from different sports clubs was taken as a representative sample for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect required information from the respondents. Key Terms— Effects, Psychological, Factors, Sports Training, Male Athletes. ——————————  ——————————
Infant Mortality: A Continuing Social Problem

© Eilidh Garrett, Chris Galley, Nicola Shelton and Robert Woods 2006. All rights reserved. In 1906, Sir George Newman's 'Infant Mortality: A Social Problem', one of the most important health studies of the twentieth century, was published. To commemorate this anniversary, this volume brings together an interdisciplinary team of leading academics to evaluate Newman's critical contribution, to review current understandings of the history of infant and early childhood mortality, especially in Britain, and to discuss modern approaches to infant health as a continuing social problem. The volume argues that, even after 100 years of health programmes, scientific advances and medical interventions, early childhood mortality is still a significant social problem and it also proposes new ways of defining and tracking the problem of persistent mortality differentials.
TOOTH SENSITIVITY AMONG RESIDENTIAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN CHENNAI

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the experience of TS of residential university students from different universities in Chennai. Methods: Students of different colleges were given questionnaires on TS. The answered questionnaires were then analyzed in SPSS online software and the results were found Results: From the data, it is infered that the knowledge of treatment for TS isn’t well-known among students and improper brushing techniques and soft drink consumption are main reasons for TS. Conclusion: From the data, one can infer that TS has becomeNo quite prevalent in today’s society and with less awareness on its treatment. The people should be taught to maintain their oral hygiene, and proper brushing techniques should be taught and diet should be altered according to health. Soft drinks should be avoided to the highest extent and treatment for sensitivity should be taken promptly. Keywords: Dentin, sensitivity, students.
T-T-cell interaction in delayed hypersensitivity (DH) response in mice induced by immunization with methylated human serum albumin (MHSA) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), as revealed by cell transfer study and adult thymectomy

It has become increasingly apparent that subclasses of thymus-derived lymphocytes suppressively regulate cell-mediated immune phenomena such as graft-versus-host reaction (GvH) 1 (1, 2), cytotoxic allograft response (3), in vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) (4), and contact delayed hypersensitivity (5). Recently, we reported on the T-T-cell interaction in delayed hypersensitivity (DH) response in mice induced by immunization with methylated human serum albumin (MHSA) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), as revealed by cell transfer study and adult thymectomy (6). We suggested that the suppressor T cells regulated the DH in the induction stage. The suppressor activity was detected in such conventionally immunized mice, prominent in the young mouse thymus cells, but rare in the old mouse thymus cells or peripheral lymphocytes (6). On the other hand, DH seems to be regulated by humoral antibodies. There is an apparent inverse relationship between induction of humoral antibody response and DH reactivity (7, 8). Moreover, DH induction is inhibited by antibodies such as gammal-eontrasensitizing antibodies (9, 10). Pretreatment of guinea pigs with cyclophosphamide (CY), an alkylating drug, was also reported to increase DH intensity associated with a reduction in gammas-antibody production (11). Recently, treatment of animals with CY has been a popular method of investigating the suppressive role of humoral antibodies in DH, for this drug has been considered to affect B cells rather selectively (12-14). In our preliminary work (15), we attempted to determine the effect of CY on the DH to MHSA. The DH was augmented by pretreatment of mice with CY, and it was suggested that augmentation of DH was attributed to damage of the suppressor T cells but not the B cells. The present work reconfirms our previous suggestion and an analysis is made of the cellular regulation involved in the mouse DH with application of CY.
Examination of a Culturally Sensitive Dietary Education Intervention to Treat Hypertension for Chinese Canadians in the Community: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Examination of a Culturally Sensitive Dietary Education Intervention to Treat Hypertension for Chinese Canadians in the Community: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Ping Zou Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Nursing Science, the University of Toronto 2015 Numbering about 1.3 million, the Chinese compose approximately 3.9% of Canada’s population and roughly 24% of the country’s visible minorities. The hypertension prevalence rate of Chinese Canadians reaches 15.1%. Hypertension has been identified as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and accounts for a large proportion of stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure in the Chinese population. While unhealthy diet has been identified as a modifiable risk factor for hypertension, there is a lack of culturally sensitive dietary intervention targeting Chinese Canadians. The primary research objective was to determine the feasibility of the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension with Sodium (Na) Reduction for Chinese Canadian (DASHNa-CC) intervention. Secondary objectives were to examine its potential effects on blood pressure, health-related quality of life, and health service utilization. This study was a pilot randomized controlled trial, with a sample size of 60, in a Chinese Canadian community in Greater Toronto Area. Self-identified Chinese Canadians, older than 45 years old and with grade one hypertension, were included in this pilot randomized controlled trial. The control group received usual care and the intervention group received usual care plus the DASHNa-CC intervention. The 8-week DASHNa-CC intervention incorporated Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, sodium reduction with the food therapy of
Research and Trends in Technology and Gifted Child: Results of a Content Analysis

The purpose of this study was to examine research and trends in technology usage in gifted child published in selected professional sources during the period 1990-2019. Content and Citation analysis was used in this study to investigate documents related to technology usage in gifted child researches, which were indexed in the Web of Science. “Technology” and “gifted” (high abilities) related keywords were used jointly in the search for documents. There was a total of 240 documents judged to be relevant to the field of technology usage in gifted child education and were analyzed. However, as a result of individual review of the sources, 40 documents that were not relevant for the purpose of the research were excluded from the scope of the re-search. As a result of this study, it can be seen that the documents and the number of citations related to the technology usage in gifted child education field has been continuously increasing since 2005. It is recommended that a combination of citation analysis and other types of analyses should be used in future research studies.
A simple recursive numerical method for Bermudan option pricing under Lévy processes

A numerical method is developed that can price options, including exotic options that can be priced recursively such as Bermudan options, when the underlying process is an exponential Levy process with closed form conditional characteristic function. The numerical method is an extension of a recent quadrature option pricing method so that it can be applied with the use of fast Fourier transforms. Thus the method possesses desirable features of both transform and quadrature option pricing techniques since it can be applied for a very general set of underlying Levy processes and can handle certain exotic features. To illustrate the method it is applied to European and Bermudan options for a log normal process, a jump diffusion process, a variance gamma process and a normal inverse Gaussian process.
The mitogenome of a Malagasy butterfly Malaza fastuosus (Mabille, 1884) recovered from the holotype collected over 140 years ago adds support for a new subfamily of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera).

Malaza fastuosus is a lavishly patterned skipper butterfly from a genus that has three described species, all endemic to the mainland of Madagascar. To our knowledge, M. fastuosus has not been collected for nearly 50 years. To evaluate the power of our techniques to recover DNA, we used a single foreleg of an at least 140-year-old holotype specimen from the collection of the Natural History Museum London with no destruction of external morphology to extract DNA and assemble a complete mitogenome from next generation sequencing reads. The resulting 15 540 bp mitogenome contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and an A+T rich region, similarly to other Lepidoptera mitogenomes. Here we provide the first mitogenome also for Trapezitinae (Rachelia extrusus). Phylogenetic analysis of available skipper mitogenomes places Malaza outside of Trapezitinae and Barcinae + Hesperiinae, with a possible sister relationship to Heteropterinae. Of these, at least Heteropterinae, Trapezitinae, and almost all Hesperiinae have monocot-feeding caterpillars. Malaza appears to be an evolutionarily highly distinct ancient lineage, morphologically with several unusual hesperiid features. The monotypic subfamily Malazinae Lees & Grishin subfam. nov. (type genus Malaza) is proposed to reflect this morphological and molecular evidence.
Patients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and Normal Chest CT

A review Objective: To study the medication rules of "Feire" syndrome in "Wen" disease ancient books by TCM inheritance support system, in order to provide experience for the treatment of acute infectious diseases with "Feire" syndrome Methods: "Feire" syndrome related prescriptions were collected from 30 ancient books as Shiretiaobian, Wenbingtiaobian and Shibinglun, etc Then database was established based on these prescriptions, to put in the TCM inheritance supportsystem Then drug usage frequency, association rule, core combination and new prescription analyze were used to study these prescriptions for different "Feire" syndrome Results: A total of 107 "Feire" syndrome prescriptions were collected from 16 related ancient books 66 herbs were included in 21 "Fengrefanfei" prescriptions, 47 herbs were included in 19 "Zaoreshangfei" prescriptions, 80 herbs were included in 25 "Feireyongsheng" prescriptions, 54 herbs were included in 27 "Shireyunfei" prescriptions, and 53 herbs were included in 15 "Redubifei" prescriptions Conclusions: The high-frequency herbs for "Fengrefanfei" syndrome are Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, Forsythiae Fructus and Sojae Semen Praeparatum, etc The high-frequency herbs for "Zaoreshangfei" syndrome are Armeniacae Semen Amarum 1Eriobotryae Folium 1Ophiopogonis Radix and Mori Folium The high-frequency herbs for "Feireyongsheng" syndrome are Gypsum Fibrosum "Forsythiae Fructus" Mori Cortex and Lycii Cortex The high-frequency herbs for "Shireyunfei" are Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Moslae Herba, Talcum, Tetrapanacis Medulla, etc The high-frequency herbs for "Redubifei" syndrome are Forsythiae Fructus, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, Arctii Fructus, Scrophulariae Radix and so on Ten core herb combinations were mined and five new prescriptions were extracted All herbs and prescriptions reflect the characteristics of "Qingfeire" and "Cunjinye" under the principle of syndrome differentiation of "Weiqiyingxue", as well as "Zhibianfangbian"
Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies

This paper identifies, within companies’ sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e., unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies’ EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers’ awareness and increase their actions to extend employees’ working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.
Association Between HAART and Metabolic Syndrome Components Among HIV-Positive Adults in Southeastern Nigeria

Association Between HAART and Metabolic Syndrome Components Among HIVPositive Adults in Southeastern Nigeria by Bridget O. Amechi MA, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, 2004 BS, University of Benin, 1991 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Walden University November 2016 Abstract Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) contributes to metabolic disorders and theHighly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) contributes to metabolic disorders and the growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Hypertension, obesity, and hyperglycemia (components of MetS) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that HIV patients on HAART have a 2-fold risk of dying from MetS. There are no such studies in Umuahia; hence the need for this study to fill this gap. Using a sample size of 192 medical records of HIV-infected patients in Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, and applying metabolic syndrome theory, this study examined the relationships among types of HAART regimen, duration of HAART and hypertension, obesity, and hyperglycemia among HIV-infected adult patients. The records were stratified into 4 by duration of HAART. Chi-square test was used to determine associations between the nonparametric variables, whereas multiple logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds ratios. Odds of hypertension were more than 18-fold (OR = 18.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.464, 42.50) at >12 months on HAART, whereas odds of obesity was more than 5-fold (OR = 5.43, 95% CI = 2.227, 13.158) at >12 months. Odds of hyperglycemia were more than 14-fold at >12 months compared with <12 months on HAART. Statistical significance was achieved with duration of HAART for hypertension and hyperglycemia (p < .05) but none with types of HAART (p < .05). Being male, older age, and duration of HAART were associated with odds of metabolic syndrome components. This knowledge provides a base for population-based intervention programs for the HIV-positive population undergoing antiretroviral therapy in the Umuahia metropolis. Association Between HAART and Metabolic Syndrome Components Among HIVPositive Adults in Southeastern Nigeria by Bridget O. Amechi MA, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, 2004 BS, University of Benin, 1991 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Walden University November 2016 Acknowledgements I would like to express my profound gratitude to God, the almighty for the protection and guidance throughout my studies. I would also like to offer my heartfelt appreciation to my committee chair, Dr. Wen-Hung Kuo, my committee member, Dr. Hebatullah Tawfik, and my URR member, Dr. Patrick Tschida for their mentorship and untiring guidance throughout my dissertation study. A big thank you goes to my husband and children for being very supportive, understanding, and encouraging during this
Glucuronidation and its effect on the bioactivity of amentoflavone, a biflavonoid from Ginkgo biloba leaves

Ginkgo biloba leaves contain amentoflavone (AMF), a dietary flavonoid that possesses antioxidant and anticancer activity. Flavonoids are extensively subjected to glucuronidation. This study aimed to determine the metabolic profile of AMF and the effect of glucuronidation on AMF bioactivity.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening

Polygalacturonase (PG) is an essential hydrolytic enzyme responsible for pectin degradation and thus plays an important role in fruit softening and other cell separation processes. PG protein is encoded by a multigene family, however, the members of PG gene family in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) have not been extensively identified. In this study, a total of 51 AcPG genes in kiwifruit genome were identified. They are phylogenetically clustered into seven clades, and of them AcPG4 and AcPG18 with other known PG genes involved in fruit softening from peach, pear, papaya and melon form a small cluster together. The members of kiwifruit PG gene family consist of three to nine exons and two to eight introns, and their exon/intron structures are generally conserved in all clades except the clade D and E. During fruit softening of kiwifruit ‘Donghong’ under ambient temperature, cell wall modifying enzymes, including PG, PL (pectate and pectin lyases), and PE (pectinesterase, also known as pectin methylesterase, PME) showed a different activity profile, and of them, PG and PE activities largely correlated with the change of pectin content and firmness. Moreover, only 11 AcPG genes were highly or moderately expressed in softening fruit, and of which three AcPG genes (AcPG4, AcPG18, and AcPG8, especially the former two) has been found to strongly correlate with the profile of PG activity and pectin content, as well as fruit firmness, suggesting that they maybe play an important role in fruit softening. Thus, our findings not only benefit the functional characterization of kiwifruit PG genes, but also provide a subset of potential PG candidate genes for further genetic manipulation.
Genome Sequence of an Emerging Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis and Genomic Comparison with Other S. Infantis Strains

Abstract Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) is one of the dominant serovars of the bacterial pathogen S. enterica. In recent years, the number of human infections caused by S. Infantis has been increasing in many countries, and often the emerging population harbors a unique virulence-resistant megaplasmid called plasmid of emerging S. Infantis (pESI). Here, we report the complete gap-free genome sequence of the S. Infantis Israeli emerging clone and compare its chromosome and pESI sequences with other complete S. Infantis genomes. We show a conserved presence of the Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1–6, 9, 11, 12, and CS54 and a common integration of five bacteriophages in the S. Infantis chromosome. In contrast, we found variable presence of additionally three chromosomally integrated phages and eight modular regions in pESI, which contribute to the genetic and phenotypic diversity (including antimicrobial resistance) of this ubiquitous foodborne pathogen.