Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of changes in atmospheric dynamics and dust activity over southwest Asia using the Caspian Sea–Hindu Kush Index

This study examines the influence of the Caspian Sea–Hindu Kush Index (CasHKI) on local and synoptic meteorology as well as on dust emissions over southwest (SW) Asia by means of National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP‐NCAR) re‐analysed mean sea‐level pressure (MSLP), geopotential height at 700 hPa and surface meridional wind, along with meteorological data at Zabol, east Iran and Meteosat/Infrared Difference Dust Index (IDDI) retrievals. The analysis focuses on the summer period (June to September) of 2000–2014 and the winter period (November to March) of 1963–2014. The CasHKI values are mostly controlled by the MSLP anomalies over the Caspian Sea (CS) domain, varying from approximately −25 to +35 hPa in winter and from approximately−10 to +14 hPa in summer, but without a clear annual pattern. The CasHKI values are classified into four modes for each month depending on their intensity. In the summer months, the high CasHKI mode is associated with enhanced MSLP over central Asia and deepening of the Indo‐Pakistan thermal low associated with the Indian summer monsoon. At 700‐hPa level, the high CasHKI mode shows an enhancement of the Arabian ridge, expanding it to the north over Iran and the CS, with a concurrent strengthening of the Indian trough, leading to intensification of northerly winds along east Iran. This results in significant increase in dust activity over SW Asia, which is also apparent in the winter months. Furthermore, the intensification of the northerly flow associated with the high CasHKI modes drops the temperature and increases the relative humidity over Zabol, especially during winter. The SPRINTARS‐model simulations also show increased dust emissions and concentrations for the high CasHKI values, confirming that the CasHKI variations modulate the dust activity over SW Asia throughout the year.
Advances in Brief Detection of the Mr 190 , 000 MilitidrUg Resistance Protein , MRP , with Monoclonal Antibodies '

proteins as P-gp (6, 7)â€¢4 Like P-gp, transfection of drug-sensitive cells with a full-length MRP cDNA is sufficient to confer multidrug re sistance (7). 5 However, despite the fact that both P-gp and MRP confer resistance to a similar spectrum of anticancer drugs, these two proteins share less than 15% amino acid identity (6). MAbs against P-gp have played a critical role in determining the relevance of this protein in clinical drug resistance (8). Some anti P-gp MAbs and their derivatives are being investigated for their therapeutic potential, particularly those that are able to reverse drug resistance (9â€”12)or participate in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytolysis (13). P-gp-specific MAbs have also been useful in immu nolocalization studies of normal tissues and have provided important clues as to the physiological role of this protein (14, 15). The epitopes of several MAbs have been mapped, providing information about P-gp secondary structure and membrane topology (16, 17). To date, polyclonal antiseraraised against MRP-derivedsynthetic peptides have been used to quantify MRP protein levels in drug selected and transfected multidrug resistant cell lines and to examine MRP structure, biosynthesis, and subcellular distribution (7, 18, 19). @-@However, these studies have been hampered by the unsuitabil ity of polyclonal antisera for many experimental applications and by the limited availability of these immunoreagents. To obtain better probes for immunodetection of MRP, we have produced MAbs from mice immunized with membranes from multidrug resistant H69AR cells which express high levels of this M1 190,000 protein. These MRP-specific MAbs should greatly facilitate ongoing investigations of the biology and clinical relevance of this novel drug resistance protein.
LABOUR RELATIONS UNDER DURESS IN EUROPE Contributions for social resilience theory

: Using a theoretical approach founded on resilience studies, this article presents a comparative analysis of the reconfiguration of labour relations in Portugal, Poland and Ireland during the financial crisis. It proposes a critical understanding of social resilience that captures not only the organisation of the system that emerges post-crisis but also its underlying dynamic power relations, the rule and institutional arrangement systems as well as the redistribution of resources. Moreover, it argues that the crisis created an opportunity for the convergence and liberalisation of labour market models across Europe.
Becker Digital

Measuring the entorhinal cortex (ERC) is challenging due to lateral border discrimination from the perirhinal cortex. From a sample of 39 nondemented older adults who completed volumetric image scans and verbal memory indices, we examined reliability and validity concerns for three ERC protocols with different lateral boundary guidelines (i.e., Goncharova, Dickerson, Stoub, & deToledo-Morrell, 2001 ; Honeycutt et al., 1998 ; Insausti et al., 1998 ). We used three novice raters to assess inter-rater reliability on a subset of scans (216 total ERCs), with the entire dataset measured by one rater with strong intra-rater reliability on each technique (234 total ERCs). We found moderate to strong inter-rater reliability for two techniques with consistent ERC lateral boundary endpoints (Goncharova, Honeycutt), with negligible to moderate reliability for the technique requiring consideration of collateral sulcal depth (Insausti). Left ERC and story memory associations were moderate and positive for two techniques designed to exclude the perirhinal cortex (Insausti, Goncharova), with the Insausti technique continuing to explain 10% of memory score variance after additionally controlling for depression symptom severity. Right ERC-story memory associations were nonexistent after excluding an outlier. Researchers are encouraged to consider challenges of rater training for ERC techniques and how lateral boundary endpoints may impact structure-function associations. ( JINS , 2010, 16 , 846– 855 .)
Development Design of Liveworksheet Based Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative Model to Improve Students' Mathematical Problem Solving Ability

This research is motivated by the importance of developing Student Worksheets (LKPD) tailored to the demands of the technological era, as students rarely encounter software-based LKPD that facilitates understanding of the material and is easily portable. Therefore, the researcher developed electronic LKPD based on Liveworksheet with the cooperative model Numbered Head Together (NHT). This development aims to enhance students' mathematical problem-solving abilities in the material of curved surface space. The development model employed by the researcher is the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), known for its systematic, structured, directed, and planned development process. The study utilized a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire distributed to ninth-grade students in junior high school (SMP). The questionnaire aimed to identify the characteristics of participants and the needs of students regarding the developed LKPD. Based on the analysis of these needs, the researcher successfully developed electronic-based LKPD using the Liveworksheet platform. This LKPD product exhibits advantages in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, incorporating audio-visual elements and student discussions to build understanding and problem-solving skills. It is anticipated that this development will provide an interactive, engaging learning experience and assist students in developing mathematical problem-solving skills.
Impact of seasonal nitrogen fertilisation on production characteristics of a mixed grass pasture in the Western Cape province of South Africa

Pasture production in the Western Cape has traditionally been based on temperate species producing the majority of fodder during spring and autumn after which dry matter production decreases in winter. To investigate seasonal fertiliser nitrogen (N) management strategies to optimise seasonal dry matter production, a mixed grass pasture consisting of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) was established. The effect of fertiliser N (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg N ha−1) and season of application (spring, summer, autumn and winter) were evaluated. Dry matter production was significantly (p = 0.05) the highest in spring (year 1) and in spring and summer (year 2) with application of 60–80 kg N ha−1. Botanical composition was mainly determined by season of application, whereas crude protein content was characterised by a strong interaction between season of N application and application rate. It is concluded that, excluding winter, seasonal application of N can be used as a management tool to increase dry matter production. It is recommended that 40 kg N ha−1 during autumn and spring and 60 kg N ha−1 during summer should be applied to grass pastures under irrigation in the Winelands subregion of the Western Cape.
Flow Correlation Attacks on Tor Onion Service Sessions with Sliding Subset Sum

—Tor is one of the most popular anonymity networks in use today. Its ability to defend against flow correlation attacks is essential for providing strong anonymity guarantees. However, the feasibility of flow correlation attacks against Tor onion services (formerly known as “hidden services”) has remained an open challenge. In this paper, we present an effective flow correlation attack that can deanonymize onion service sessions in the Tor network. Our attack is based on a novel distributed technique named Sliding Subset Sum (SUMo), which can be deployed by a group of colluding ISPs worldwide in a federated fashion. These ISPs collect Tor traffic at multiple vantage points in the network, and analyze it through a pipelined architecture based on machine learning classifiers and a novel similarity function based on the classic subset sum decision problem. These classifiers enable SUMo to deanonymize onion service sessions effectively and efficiently. We also analyze possible countermeasures that the Tor community can adopt to hinder the efficacy of these attacks.
On the Use of Pretrained Deep Audio Encoders for Automated Audio Captioning Tasks

Automated audio captioning (AAC) is the task of describing an audio clip that may contain sounds from natural and/or human activities. In the context of autonomous driving, AAC models are a beneﬁcial addition as they can enhance self-driving cars’ awareness of the surrounding acoustic environment. Despite being a rather new task, recurring DCASE challenges have sparked continuous research interests in AAC. Following the tremendous successes of pretrained deep models in various ﬁelds like computer vision and natural language processing, the majority of DCASE AAC challenge submissions have also used a pretrained deep audio encoder by default. However, not enough exploration and analyses have been done on this vital model component. In this work, we categorize and explain relevant pretraining tasks for deep audio encoders
Typology of the Guardia Civil agent who commits suicide.

Suicide is a serious public health problem, which seems to be increasing both internationally and in Spain. It is a complex phenomenon, with multifactorial etiology, which has been extensively studied with epidemiological and descriptive approaches, to identify risk and protection indicators that help prevent it, implementing effective interventions. Assuming that people who commit suicide do not form a homogeneous group, it is known that there are particular groups that have a higher incidence, so preventive strategies must be adapted to this different case mix. Furthermore, even within professions, it has been proven that suicide is not homogeneous either, with, for example, different subgroups or suicidal types being found in the military population (Griffith, 2012). Law Enforcement Agencies (police) constitute one of those special groups, due to the greater stigma related to mental health, easy access to lethal means (firearms), and constant occupational exposure to trauma (serious accidents, violence, serious abuse or death). But there are no known works that have studied whether there are different suicide profiles among agents. Here we present the first typological study that has been carried out in Spain in this regard, analyzing data from 640 Guardia Civil agents who committed suicide between 1982 and 2022. Through multiple correspondence, two-stage cluster and bivariate analysis on 16 sociodemographic, professional variables and from the event itself, three clearly differentiated groups emerged. These results are discussed for the purposes of their preventive usefulness.
Impact of Training and Supervisor Support on Organizational Commitment with mediating role of Job Satisfaction

Training and Supervisor support shows a very important role in growing organizational commitment. The purpose of this research is to give a hypothetical justification of: a) impact of supervisor support on organizational commitment, mediating part of job satisfaction for the positive connection between supervisor support and organizational commitment, b) direct impact of training on organizational commitment and job satisfaction for the positive association among training, organizational commitment too. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed. The population which is targeted for this study was employees of the textile firms in Lahore. Data were collected from 320 employees. The study uses the SPSS and Structural Equation Modelling to test the hypotheses among 320 respondents. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between training and organizational commitment, supervisor support and organizational commitment, training and job satisfaction. Supervisor support is significantly related with job satisfaction and there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
University of Birmingham The longevity bottleneck hypothesis

The evolution and biodiversity of ageing have long fascinated scientists and the public alike. While mammals, including long-lived species such as humans, show a marked ageing process, some species of reptiles and amphibians exhibit very slow and even the absenceofageingphenotypes.Howcanreptilesandothervertebratesageslowerthan mammals? Herein, I propose that evolving during the rule of the dinosaurs left a lasting legacy in mammals. For over 100 million years when dinosaurs were the dominant predators, mammals were generally small, nocturnal, and short-lived. My hypothesis is that such a long evolutionary pressure on early mammals for rapid reproduction led to the loss or inactivation of genes and pathways associated with long life. I call this the ‘longevity bottleneck hypothesis’, which is further supported by the absence in mammals of regenerative traits. Although mammals, such as humans, can evolve long lifespans, they do so under constraints dating to the dinosaur era.
Video mirror feedback induces more extensive brain activation compared to the mirror box: an fNIRS study in healthy adults

Background Mirror therapy (MT) has been shown to be effective for motor recovery of the upper limb after a stroke. The cerebral mechanisms of mirror therapy involve the precuneus, premotor cortex and primary motor cortex. Activation of the precuneus could be a marker of this effectiveness. MT has some limitations and video therapy (VT) tools are being developed to optimise MT. While the clinical superiority of these new tools remains to be demonstrated, comparing the cerebral mechanisms of these different modalities will provide a better understanding of the related neuroplasticity mechanisms. Methods Thirty-three right-handed healthy individuals were included in this study. Participants were equipped with a near-infrared spectroscopy headset covering the precuneus, the premotor cortex and the primary motor cortex of each hemisphere. Each participant performed 3 tasks: a MT task (right hand movement and left visual feedback), a VT task (left visual feedback only) and a control task (right hand movement only). Perception of illusion was rated for MT and VT by asking participants to rate the intensity using a visual analogue scale. The aim of this study was to compare brain activation during MT and VT. We also evaluated the correlation between the precuneus activation and the illusion quality of the visual mirrored feedback. Results We found a greater activation of both precunei during VT than during MT. We also showed that activation of primary motor cortex and premotor cortex contralateral to visual feedback was more extensive in VT than in MT. Illusion perception was not correlated with precuneus activation. Conclusion VT led to greater activation of a parieto-frontal network than MT. This could result from a greater focus on visual feedback and a reduction in interhemispheric inhibition in VT because of the absence of an associated motor task. These results suggest that VT could promote neuroplasticity mechanisms in people with brain lesions more e�ciently than MT.
Identifying Long COVID De�nitions, Predictors, and Risk Factors using Electronic Health Records: A Scoping Review

Objective Long COVID, or post-COVID condition, is characterized by a range of physical and psychological symptoms and complications that persist beyond the acute phase of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). However, this condition still lacks a clear de�nition. This scoping review explores the potential of electronic health records (EHR)-based studies to characterize long COVID.
Becker Digital

Persons with diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral neuropathy are at high risk for skin breakdown due to unnoticed excessive pressures to the plantar foot during walking . We developed methods that combined spiral x-ray computed tomography (SXCT) imaging and plantar pressure analysis to quantify internal foot structure and external pressure during plantar loading . Methods were tested using a subject with DM who had a plantar ulcer, and a healthy control . SXCT measurements were within 2 mm of truth and SXCT plantar recordings were within 6 . 5% of walking trials . Hammer toe deformity (second toe), severe atrophy of the intrinsic muscles and less contact area during plantar loading, and a peak plantar pressure three times greater at the site of the ulcer were measured in the diabetic foot as compared with the healthy control . This preliminary investigation suggests that these methods are accurate for structural and pressure measurements of diabetic and healthy feet.
Response of Ecosystem in Service Value to Changes in Landscape Pattern of the Nansi Lake Wetland

Changes in landscape pattern of the Nansi Lake wetland were monitored with the fifth round of satellite remote-sensing images (1987 – 2010). Response of the ecosystem of the wetland in service value to the changes were analyzed, using the market comparison approach, shadow project approach, industrial oxygen generation cost method, carbon tax method and value substitution method. Results show that large tracts of reed- and lotus-dominated natural wetlands had been converted into artificial wetlands, such as aquacultural farms, paddy fields, etc., thus promoting the enhancingement of landscape fragmentation. Impacts of the changes on supply function, regulataory function, cultural function and support function were quite obvious, especially on supply function and regulatory function. Calculation based on the constant prices of 2010 shows that the changes caused decreases in service value of the ecosystem, which included the decrease of in atmospheric element regulation function by 1 170 million yuan(RMB), the purification function by 377 million yuan, and the water conservation function by 65 million yuan.While the changes did increase materials and food product function of the ecosystem by 1306 million yuan. Ultimately, a decrease of 306 million yuan were caused by the changes from 1987 to 2010. Responses of the ecosystem in other functions, including mitigation of flood, conservation of soil, habitats, biodiversity, entertainment, culture and science ,functions, etc. were not so obvious.
DNS OF A HYPERSONIC FLOW ON A RAMP GEOMETRY WITH ISOLATED ROUGHNESS

A Mach 6 ﬂow over a 10 ◦ compression corner is investigated by Direct Numerical Simulations. A roughness patch made of sinusoidal elements is placed at two different positions upstream of the smooth-separation location in order to investigate its effects on the separation bubble. Flow separation is delayed with respect to the smooth case and the stream-wise vortices induced by the patch generate a mushroom-like structure once the ﬂow reattaches on the ramp. This structure leaves high-temperature streaks on the wall of the ramp, at the same time causing hot ﬂow to be pushed into the freestream. When excited by freestream acoustic disturbances at 100kHz, the structure in the wake of the roughness starts to break down on the ramp, leading to a further increase in wall temperature.
From nCoder to ChatGPT: From Automated Coding to Refining Human Coding

This paper investigates the potential of utilizing ChatGPT (GPT-4) as a tool for supporting coding processes for Quantitative Ethnography research. We compare the use of ChatGPT and nCoder, the most widely used automated coding tool in the QE community, on a dataset of press releases and public addresses delivered by governmental leaders from seven countries from late February to late March 2020. The study assesses the accuracy of the automated coding procedures between the two tools, and the role that ChatGPT’s explanations of its coding decisions can play in improving the consistency and construct validity of human-generated codes. Results suggest that both ChatGPT and nCoder have advantages and disadvantages depending on the context, nature of the data, and researchers’ goals. While nCoder is useful for straightforward coding schemes represented through regular expressions, ChatGPT can better capture a variety of language structures. ChatGPT's ability to provide explanations for its decisions can also help enhance construct validity, identify ambiguity in code definitions, and assist human coders in achieving high interrater reliability. Although we identify limitations of ChatGPT in coding constructs open to human interpretations and encompassing multiple concepts, we highlight opportunities and potential benefits provided by ChatGPT as a tool to support human researchers in their coding process.
China’s soft power in Africa A qualitative content analysis on China’s strategic narrative projection in Ethiopia and South Africa

China is believed to employ soft power in international politics to facilitate its peaceful rise and enhance its global appeal by leveraging numerous soft power resources. This study challenges the prevailing resource-centric understanding of China’s soft power by employing a constructivist framework wherein soft power manifests via the deployment of strategic narratives. The analysis of China’s strategic narrative projection and its influence on African leaders' policies and perceptions of China is explored with a specific focus on Ethiopia and South Africa using a qualitative content analysis. The findings reveal that China's narrative projection plays a significant role in shaping the portrayal of Beijing's initiatives in Ethiopia and South Africa. The narratives emphasize a historical connection and shared identity, presenting China as a reliable partner committed to trustworthiness and solidarity with the African populace. The study highlights the importance of soft power narratives in the context of multiple powers vying for influence in African countries. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the deployment of strategic narratives and their impact on shaping perceptions of Sino-African relations.