Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Performed after 28 Gestational Weeks and Risk for Future Diabetes—A 5-Year Cohort Study

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT), preferably performed at 24 + 0–28 + 6 gestational weeks, and is considered a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the risk of T2DM associated with abnormal oGTT performed after 28 weeks. We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included parturients with available glucose levels during pregnancy and up to 5 years of follow-up after pregnancy. Data were extracted from the computerized laboratory system of Meuhedet HMO and cross-tabulated with the Israeli National Registry of Diabetes (INRD). The women were stratified into two groups: late oGTT (performed after 28 + 6 weeks) and on-time oGTT (performed at 24 + 0–28 + 6 weeks). The incidence of T2DM was evaluated and compared using univariate analysis followed by survival analysis adjusted to confounders. Overall, 78,326 parturients entered the analysis. Of them, 6195 (7.9%) performed on-time oGTT and 5288 (6.8%) performed late oGTT. The rest—66,846 (85.3%)—had normal glucose tolerance. Women who performed late oGTT had lower rates of GDM and T2DM. However, once GDM was diagnosed, regardless of oGTT timing, the risk of T2DM was increased (2.93 (1.69–5.1) vs. 3.64 (2.44–5.44), aHR (95% CI), late vs. on-time oGTT, p < 0.001 for both). Unlike in oGTT performed on time, one single abnormal value in late oGTT was not associated with an increased risk for T2DM.
Hints of modified gravity in cosmos and in the lab?

General Relativity (GR) is consistent with a wide range of experiments/observations from millimeter scales up to galactic scales and beyond. However, there are reasons to believe that GR may need to be modified because it includes singularities (it is an incomplete theory) and also it requires fine-tuning to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe through the cosmological constant. Therefore, it is important to check various experiments and observations beyond the above range of scales for possible hints of deviations from the predictions of GR. If such hints are found it is important to understand which classes of modified gravity theories are consistent with them. The goal of this review is to summarize recent progress on these issues. On sub-millimeter scales, we show an analysis of the data of the Washington experiment [D. J. Kapner, T. S. Cook, E. G. Adelberger, J. H. Gundlach, B. R. Heckel, C. D. Hoyle and H. E. Swanson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 021101, arXiv:hep-ph/0611184 [hep-ph]] searching for modifications of Newton’s Law on sub-millimeter scales and demonstrate that a spatially oscillating signal is hidden in this dataset. We demonstrate that even though this signal cannot be explained in the context of standard modified theories (viable scalar tensor and [Formula: see text] theories), it is a rather generic prediction of nonlocal gravity theories. On cosmological scales we review recent analyses of Redshift Space Distortion (RSD) data which measure the growth rate of cosmological perturbations at various redshifts and show that these data are in some tension with the [Formula: see text]CDM parameter values indicated by Planck/2015 CMB data at about [Formula: see text] level. This tension can be reduced by allowing for an evolution of the effective Newton constant that determines the growth rate of cosmological perturbations. We conclude that even though this tension between the data and the predictions of GR could be due to systematic/statistical uncertainties of the data, it could also constitute early hints pointing towards a new gravitational theory.
Geometric in-flight Calibration of the stereoscopic CCD-Linescanner MOMS-2P

This paper describes the geometric inflight-calibration of the Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner MOMS-2P, which is collecting digital multispectral and threefold along track stereoscopic imagery of the earth´s surface from the PRIRODA module of the Russian space station MIR since September 1996. Goal is the verification and, if necessary, the update of the calibration data, which were deduced from the geometric laboratory calibration. The presented approach is based on combined photogrammetric bundle ajustment using an adapted functional model for the reconstruction of the interior orientation. It requires precise and reliable ground control information as well as navigation data of the navigation-package MOMSNAV. 11 subsequent image scenes of MIR-orbit T083C are evaluated, which were taken in April 1997 building an about 550 km long strip over southern Germany and Austria. In this paper the photogrammetric inflight calibration principle and the preprocessing of the input data are described and first results are presented.
Weakly nonlinear theory for a gate-type curved array in waves

We analyse the effect of gate surface curvature on the nonlinear behaviour of an array of gates in a semi-infinite channel. Using a perturbation-harmonic expansion, we show the occurrence of new detuning and damping terms in the Ginzburg–Landau evolution equation, which are not present in the case of flat gates. Unlike the case of linearised theories, synchronous excitation of trapped modes is now possible because of interactions between the wave field and the curved boundaries at higher orders. Finally, we apply the theory to the case of surging wave energy converters (WECs) with curved geometry and show that the effects of nonlinear synchronous resonance are substantial for design purposes. Conversely, in the case of subharmonic resonance we show that the effects of surface curvature are not always beneficial as previously thought.
Machine Learning Indices, Political Institutions, and Economic Development

We present a new aggregation method - called SVM algorithm - and use this technique to produce novel measures of democracy (186 countries, 1960-2014). The method takes its name from a machine learning technique for pattern recognition and has three notable features: it makes functional assumptions unnecessary, it accounts for measurement uncertainty, and it creates continuous and dichotomous indices. We use the SVM indices to investigate the effect of democratic institutions on economic development, and find that democracies grow faster than autocracies. Furthermore, we illustrate how the estimation results are affected by conceptual and methodological changes in the measure of democracy. In particular, we show that instrumental variables cannot compensate for measurement errors produced by conventional aggregation methods, and explain why this failure leads to an overestimation of regression coefficients.
Detectability of atmospheric features of Earth-like planets in the habitable zone around M dwarfs

Context. The characterisation of the atmosphere of exoplanets is one of the main goals of exoplanet science in the coming decades. Aims. We investigate the detectability of atmospheric spectral features of Earth-like planets in the habitable zone (HZ) around M dwarfs with the future James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Methods. We used a coupled 1D climate-chemistry-model to simulate the influence of a range of observed and modelled M-dwarf spectra on Earth-like planets. The simulated atmospheres served as input for the calculation of the transmission spectra of the hypothetical planets, using a line-by-line spectral radiative transfer model. To investigate the spectroscopic detectability of absorption bands with JWST we further developed a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) model and applied it to our transmission spectra. Results. High abundances of methane (CH4) and water (H2O) in the atmosphere of Earth-like planets around mid to late M dwarfs increase the detectability of the corresponding spectral features compared to early M-dwarf planets. Increased temperatures in the middle atmosphere of mid- to late-type M-dwarf planets expand the atmosphere and further increase the detectability of absorption bands. To detect CH4, H2O, and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere of an Earth-like planet around a mid to late M dwarf observing only one transit with JWST could be enough up to a distance of 4 pc and less than ten transits up to a distance of 10 pc. As a consequence of saturation limits of JWST and less pronounced absorption bands, the detection of spectral features of hypothetical Earth-like planets around most early M dwarfs would require more than ten transits. We identify 276 existing M dwarfs (including GJ 1132, TRAPPIST-1, GJ 1214, and LHS 1140) around which atmospheric absorption features of hypothetical Earth-like planets could be detected by co-adding just a few transits. Conclusions. The TESS satellite will likely find new transiting terrestrial planets within 15 pc from the Earth. We show that using transmission spectroscopy, JWST could provide enough precision to be able to partly characterise the atmosphere of TESS findings with an Earth-like composition around mid to late M dwarfs.
An Analysis of Targeted Serum Lipidomics in Patients with Pneumoconiosis — China, 2022

Introduction Pneumoconiosis emerges as the most critical and prevalent occupational disease in China at present, according to research. Studies indicate that pneumoconiosis may indeed impact the body’s phospholipid metabolism. Methods In this study, serum samples were taken from 46 paired participants, which included patients with pneumoconiosis and dust-exposed workers. We employed ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) technology in targeted lipidomics to investigate serum target phospholipids. Initially, a pilot study was conducted with a selection of 24 pneumoconiosis patients and 24 dust-exposed workers, using both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to preliminarily identify significant differences in phospholipids. Subsequent to this, the remaining subjects were engaged in a validation study, wherein receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to further substantiate the screening potency of potential lipid biomarkers for pneumoconiosis. Results The pilot study revealed significantly reduced serum levels of 16∶0 lysophosphatidylcholines (Lyso PC), 18∶0–18∶1 phosphatidylglycerol (PG), 18∶0–18∶1 phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), 18∶0 PE, and 18∶1 lysophosphatidylethanolamine（Lyso PE) in the case group in comparison to the control group. Additionally, 18∶0 PE, 18∶0–18∶1 PE, and 18∶1 Lyso PE emerged as significant phospholipids with superior diagnostic values [area under the curve (AUC)>0.7]. A diagnostic model was established, built on 16∶0 PC and 18∶0 PE (AUC>0.8). In the ROC analyses of validation studies, the 18∶0–18∶1 PE and this diagnostic model demonstrated excellent screening efficiency (AUC>0.7). Discussion A significant divergence in phospholipid metabolism has been observed between pneumoconiosis patients and dust-exposed workers. The 18∶0–18∶1 PE present in serum could potentially function as a lipid biomarker for pneumoconiosis. Additionally, diagnostic models were developed relying on 16∶0 PC and 18∶0 PE, proving to have superior screening efficiency.
Green human resource management: A comprehensive investigation using bibliometric analysis

This study reviews green human resource management (GHRM) via bibliometric analysis of extant literature in the field of business and management. We used bibliometric, R Studio program for descriptive analysis and network analysis, to analyze 595 documents from the Web of Science and Scopus data. The study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of GHRM and the structures that define it. This article discusses the emerging keywords and research area along with the growth patterns in the area of GHRM during 2002–2022. The findings suggest that publication on GHRM began over 25 years ago and has continued to grow since then. The number of publications in this field of study has doubled over the last 10 years. Emerging themes include Green human resource practices, corporate social responsibility (CSR), innovation, environmental performance, circular economy, and sustainable development. Potential research areas have been suggested by drawing a complete picture of the conceptual framework. The study will help policy‐makers, corporates and academicians unravel the practical and theoretical aspects of GHRM and identify pertinent issues that require attention.
Consider the Source: The Impact of Social Mixing on Drylot Housed Steer Behavior and Productivity

Simple Summary Social mixing, a critical component of contemporary beef cattle management, can cause psychosocial stress and typically occurs simultaneously with other stressors (e.g., weaning, transportation, etc.), leaving the independent impact of social mixing on cattle welfare unknown. To begin to disentangle this web, two different sources of genetically similar steers were either socially mixed or housed with individuals from their source herds, and their productivity and behavior were monitored. Social mixing did not affect average productivity in pens, yet the impacts that were observed at the individual steer level indicated that social mixing negatively affected the productivity of steers from one source but not from the other. Irrespective of social mixing, sources differed in the amount of time per day they spent ruminating and drinking. Social mixing was not universally detrimental to cattle welfare, and group-level evaluations can mask welfare challenges experienced by individuals. Furthermore, the source of cattle may have the greatest impact on steer performance, regardless of the social mixing treatment employed. Abstract Cattle are a social species in which social mixing can induce physical and psychosocial stress; however, the impact of social mixing on cattle welfare is unknown. Two different sources of genetically similar Angus crossbred steers were transported to the same feedlot and assigned to a pen where they were either socially mixed or housed with individuals from their source herds. Social mixing did not impact average daily gains in pens, feed intake, or feed efficiency; pens of socially mixed steers were more active. Sources differed in their responses to social mixing. One source was unaffected, whereas social mixing negatively impacted productivity for the other source. Irrespective of social mixing, the sources differed in the amount of time per day they spent ruminating and drinking. Group analyses indicated that socially mixing two sources of feedlot steers did not negatively impact group productivity, yet the impacts that were observed at the individual level suggest that prior experiences may influence their ability to cope with social stress, emphasizing the importance of early-life experiences to long-term welfare and productivity. Social mixing was not universally detrimental to cattle welfare, and the source of cattle may have the greatest affect on their performance regardless of whether a social mixing event has occurred.
Analyse des caracteristiques de la vitesse de chute de particules solides en ecoulement turbulent

L'analyse de la vitesse de chute de particules solides dans un ecoulement turbulent rend compte des interactions possibles entre les structures d'un ecoulement et des particules qui sedimentent. Les mecanismes turbulents des ecoulements reels etant peu accessibles a la mesure, nous avons mene notre etude dans une turbulence de grille. L'ecoulement est vertical ascendant et le nombre de reynolds base sur la maille de la grille est re#m=2330. Les particules choisies sont spheriques, de densites variees (verre, agate, acier, plomb) et de diametres compris entre 2 et 5 mm. Des graviers fins permettent de determiner l'influence de la forme sur la vitesse de sedimentation. L'etude prealable de l'ecoulement par v. D. L. Permet de mesurer les caracteristiques du champ des vitesses, et d'estimer les echelles spatiales et temporelles de la turbulence. L'analyse de la sedimentation dans l'ecoulement porte d'une part sur les trajectoires des particules, et d'autre part sur les composantes de leur vitesse de chute. Les resultats mettent en evidence le role preponderant du diametre sedimentologique des particules d#s sur les instabilites de leur sillage, sur leur vitesse de chute dans l'ecoulement et sur leur capacite a repondre aux perturbations de l'ecoulement. La vitesse de chute de ces sediments dans l'ecoulement peut alors etre determinee a travers un nombre sans dimension, lie aux caracteristiques des particules (d#s) et de la turbulence (re#l).
Loss in the Antibacterial Ability of a PyrR Gene Regulating Pyrimidine Biosynthesis after Using CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout for Metabolic Engineering in Lactobacillus casei

Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) has four possible mechanisms: antimicrobial antagonism, competitional adhesion, immunoregulation, and the inhibition of bacterial toxins. To delineate the metabolic reactions of nucleotides from L. casei that are associated with mechanisms of inhibiting pathogens and immunoregulation, we report that a PyrR-deficient L. casei strain was constructed using the CRISPR-Cas9D10A tool. Furthermore, there were some changes in its basic biological characterization, such as its growth curve, auxotroph, and morphological damage. The metabolic profiles of the supernatant between the PyrR-deficient and wild strains revealed the regulation of the synthesis of genetic material and of certain targeting pathways and metabolites. In addition, the characteristics of the PyrR-deficient strain were significantly altered as it lost the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogens. Moreover, we identified PyrR-regulating pyrimidine biosynthesis, which further improved its internalization and colocalization with macrophages. Evidence shows that the PyrR gene is a key active component in L. casei supernatants for the regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis against a wide range of pathogens.
Enhancing Muscle Intracellular Ca2+ Homeostasis and Glucose Uptake: Passive Pulsatile Shear Stress Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a significant global public health problem that has seen a substantial increase in the number of affected individuals in recent decades. In a murine model of T2D (db/db), we found several abnormalities, including aberrant intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), decreased glucose transport, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins and creatine phosphokinase (CK), and muscle weakness. Previously, we demonstrated that passive pulsatile shear stress, generated by sinusoidal (headward–forward) motion, using a motion platform that provides periodic acceleration of the whole body in the Z plane (pGz), induces the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) mediated by constitutive nitric oxide synthase (eNOS and nNOS). We investigated the effect of pGz on db/db a rodent model of T2D. The treatment of db/db mice with pGz resulted in several beneficial effects. It reduced [Ca2+]i overload; enhanced muscle glucose transport; and decreased ROS levels, interleukins, and CK. Furthermore, pGz treatment increased the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS); reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); and improved muscle strength. The cytoprotective effects of pGz appear to be mediated by NO, since pretreatment with L-NAME, a nonspecific NOS inhibitor, abolished the effects of pGz on [Ca2+]i and ROS production. Our findings suggest that a non-pharmacological strategy such as pGz has therapeutic potential as an adjunct treatment to T2D.
The effect of surface charge on nonspecific uptake and cytotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots

In this work, cytotoxicity and cellular impedance response was compared for CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) with positively charged cysteamine–QDs, negatively charged dihydrolipoic acid–QDs and zwitterionic D-penicillamine–QDs exposed to canine kidney MDCKII cells. Pretreatment of cells with pharmacological inhibitors suggested that the uptake of nanoparticles was largely due to receptor-independent pathways or spontaneous entry for carboxylated and zwitterionic QDs, while for amine-functionalized particles involvement of cholesterol-enriched membrane domains is conceivable. Cysteamine–QDs were found to be the least cytotoxic, while D-penicillamine–QDs reduced the mitochondrial activity of MDCKII by 20–25%. Although the cell vitality appeared unaffected (assessed from the changes in mitochondrial activity using a classical MTS assay after 24 h of exposure), the binding of QDs to the cellular interior and their movement across cytoskeletal filaments (captured and characterized by single-particle tracking), was shown to compromise the integrity of the cytoskeletal and plasma membrane dynamics, as evidenced by electric cell–substrate impedance sensing.
Facing Challenging Experiences in Life – Narrative Identity Development Processes and Associations with Wellbeing During the Transition to Midlife

ABSTRACT This study investigates identity development in narratives of difficult experiences and associations with wellbeing in the transition to midlife. The narrative processes of emotional sequencing (i.e. emotional tone of how people frame their experiences: redemptive, neutral/vague, negative, and a combination of positive and negative) and positive and negative impact on the identity (i.e. how people perceive the impact of the narrated event) were examined in narratives about difficult experiences in early adulthood (Mage = 33.28, SD=0.54) and midlife (Mage = 38.62, SD =0.61). Results concerning emotional sequencing showed two typical patterns one of stability in neutral/vague sequencing, and another pattern of change from a combination of positive and negative to redemptive sequencing. Furthermore, positive and negative impact in early adulthood was associated with wellbeing in midlife. Findings in this study show that people who are neutral in their way of framing challenges maintain this outlook on life’s difficulties in the transition to midlife. The results also indicate that perceived negative impact of narrated events, and not only positive impact, in early adulthood has bearing on wellbeing during midlife.
The Riemann–Hilbert analysis to the Pollaczek–Jacobi type orthogonal polynomials

In this paper, we study polynomials orthogonal with respect to a Pollaczek–Jacobi type weight wpJ(x,t)=e−txxα(1−x)β,t≥0,α>0,β>0,x∈[0,1]. The uniform asymptotic expansions for the monic orthogonal polynomials on the interval (0,1) and outside this interval are obtained. Moreover, near x=0 , the uniform asymptotic expansion involves Airy function as ς=2n2t→∞,n→∞ , and Bessel function of order α as ς=2n2t→0,n→∞; in the neighborhood of x=1 , the uniform asymptotic expansion is associated with Bessel function of order β as n→∞ . The recurrence coefficients and leading coefficient of the orthogonal polynomials are expressed in terms of a particular Painlevé III transcendent. We also obtain the limit of the kernel in the bulk of the spectrum. The double scaled logarithmic derivative of the Hankel determinant satisfies a σ‐form Painlevé III equation. The asymptotic analysis is based on the Deift and Zhou's steepest descent method.