Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Heterogeneous Impact of Short-Time Work: From Saved Jobs to Windfall Effects

IZA DP No. 14381 MAY 2021 The Heterogeneous Impact of Short-Time Work: From Saved Jobs to Windfall Effects To understand which firms take-up short-time work and which workers they enroll in this program, we provide a model which shows that short-time work may save jobs in firms hit by strong negative revenue shocks, but not in less severely-hit firms, where hours worked are reduced, without saving jobs. Using detailed data on the administration of the program covering the universe of French establishments in the 2008-2009 Great Recession, we find that short-time work did indeed save jobs and increase hours of work in firms faced with large negative shocks. These firms have been able to recover rapidly in the aftermath of the Recession thanks to short-time work. We also provide evidence of large windfall effects which significantly increased the cost of the policy per job saved; yet we also find that short-time work remains more cost-efficient at saving jobs than wage subsidies. JEL Classification: E24, J22, J65
Outcome of Hemi Arthroplasty Using Cemented Bipolar Prosthesis in Neglected Fracture Neck of Femur in Elderly: A Study of 1156 Cases

Introduction: A much controversy exists regarding treatment of neck of femur fractures in elderly. Currently, choices available options for an Orthopaedic surgeon for treating these fractures in elderly are Canulated cancellous screw fixation, Girldstone, unipolar hemiarthroplasty, bipolar hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. One of the most common treatments of Garden type-III & IV fracture of femoral neck in elderly in lowand middle-income countries is bipolar hemiarthroplasty. This study was conducted to evaluate functional outcome of fracture neck of femur treated with cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty in elderly. Materials and Methods: Multicentered based non randomized quasi experimental prospective study was performed in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Spine & Orthopaedic Specialized Centre, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from January 2010 to December 2019.Total number of patients n=1156 with fracture neck of femur were operated with cemented bi-polar prosthesis of femoral component and their functional outcomes were assessed on the basis of modified Harris Hip Score. Results: At the end of 10 year after surgery, the functional results were analyzed by SPSS 18.0. All patients were in the age group of 50-85 years with mean age of 62.09 years for males and 69.42 years for females. 48% percent of the patients had sub-capital fracture radiologically, while 52% had Transcervical. In 68% of cases, the mode of injury was trivial trauma. Complications observed were superficial surgical site infection (1%), affected sided mild hip pain (15%), LLD < 1.25 cm of 0.01% and post-operative dislocation within 3 months in another patient. There were 64% excellent results, 28% good results and 8% fair results. No poor results were found in our study. Conclusions: Elderly neglected patients with displaced fracture of neck femur are able to ambulate early after Cemented bipolar hemi arthroplasty. The complication rate is very low and pre injury functional status is restored in majority of patients.
Septic Insult Prolonged Reactive Oxygen Species Production following

The dysregulated host response and organ damage following systemic infection that characterizes a septic event predisposes individuals to a chronic immunoparalysis state associated with severe transient lymphopenia and diminished lymphocyte function, thereby reducing long-term patient survival and quality of life. Recently, we observed lasting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mice that survive sepsis. ROS production is a potent mechanism for targeting infection, but excessive ROS production can prove maladaptive by causing organ damage, impairing lymphocyte function, and promoting inflammaging, concepts paralleling sepsis-induced immunoparalysis. Notably, we observed an increased frequency of ROS-producing immature monocytes in septic hosts that was sustained for greater than 100 days postsurgery. Recent clinical trials have explored the use of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant, for treating septic patients. We observed that therapeutic vitamin C administration for sepsis limited ROS production by monocytes and reduced disease severity. Importantly, we also observed increased ROS production by immature monocytes in septic patients both at admission and 28 days later, suggesting a durable and conserved feature that may influence the host immune response. Thus, lasting ROS production by immature monocytes is present in septic patients, and early intervention strategies to reduce it may improve host outcomes, potentially reducing sepsis-induced immunoparalysis. ImmunoHorizons, 2021, 5: 477–488.
Tube for Airway Management in Gynecological Laparoscopic Under General Anesthesia

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.12. 17 Abstract: PLMA is a recent, complex, and ingenious development with some added features of Classic LMA like Modified dual cuff ,Drain tube, positive pressure ventilation at higher peak inspiratory pressure. Study was to evaluate and compare the use of Proseal laryngeal mask airway and endotracheal tube with controlled ventilation in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic procedure. 100 patients, ASA risk I & II, posted for elective laparoscopic were recruited in the study. All the patients between 18 to 45 yrs of age were randomly divided in two groups Group PLMA and Group ETT (50 patients each). Attempt of insertion of airway device, Leak pressure, pulmonary ventilation, Hemodynamic; heart & MAP, gastric distention were recorded. All patients were of middle age group, comparable in weight. Mean duration of laparoscopy was comparable in both the groups. Significant rise in heart rate and mean arterial pressure seen in group ETT after induction of anesthesia . Changes in the end tidal CO2 and peak airway pressure after induction of anesthesia, before & after peumoperitoneum were comparable in two groups. After head low position peak airway pressure is slightly raised in Group PLMA. Gastric distension was noted higher in Group PLMA (8%). Incidence of sore throat (22%), nausea vomiting (14) airway trauma (14%) was higher in group ETT. Hemodynamic stability was better in PLMA group at time of induction and comparable in two groups at time of pneumoperitoneum and trendelenburg position along with pulmonary ventilation. Post operative sore throat, nausea vomiting was higher with endotracheal tube.
Understanding College Student Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is such a part our lives it seems to be changing us, or at least how we do life, without us being aware of its gradual omnipresence. Despite the push by business and government to develop AI, there is a concern about the real effects it is having on society. This study was designed to explore student perceptions of AI through quantitative statistical methods. The results of this study suggest that the general perception of AI is positive, but there exists some concern about the rapid development of AI and how it will affect humankind. In particular, being more informed about AI developments has a significant influence on both positive and negative perceptions of its impact on individuals and society. Furthermore, this paradox, along with the lack of understanding about AI, seems to add to a social tension arising from the inevitable advance of technology and the uncertainty of the effect of AI.
Association of Smoking with Kidney Dimensions on Ultrasound in Pakistan

Quick Response Code Abstract: Ultrasound is a favourite first line imaging technology for the evaluation of kidneyfunction. Pakistan, which use tobacco products more than 72 percent of the adult male population. Cigarette smoking has emerged over the past few years as an important independent renal risk factor, apart from its conventionally recognized carcinogenic effects and its adverse function as a driver of cardiovascular illness. Smoking is closely linked to significant clinical findings due to changes seen in renal function. The possible association between sensitivity to tabaco smoke and renal ultrasound measurements is yet to be examined. We hypothesized that tobacco consumption is correlated with decreased renal measurements. Objective: The possible association between sensitivity to tabaco smoke and renal ultrasound measurements is yet to be examined. We hypothesized that tobacco consumption is correlated with decreased renal measurements. Approach: This was an observational cross-sectional study in which we observed 385 male patients on Ultrasound within Age range of 20Years to 80Years. We assessed all patients by self-questionnaire. Data was collected from private sector hospital Gujrat, Pakistan. Results: There were 385 people in total who were evaluated. A statistically important relation was established between kidney measurements and the following independent variables. There was no statistically important correlation between kidney, high blood pressure or diabetes. All smoking participants have equal echogenicity. Conclusions: Individuals with a longer smoking history had smaller kidneys. This is especially important considering that statistically significant associations between renal dimension and smoking. As we observe 385 males on ultrasound and assessed by self-questionnaire. In which 40.3% have hypertension and 10.1% are diabetic. 270 patients from 385 have decreased dimensions. Our results show the length, width and parenchymal thickness are decreased . 70.1 % smokers have decreased dimensions. There was no statistically effect of hypertension and diabetes on kidney dimensions.
Assessment of Maternal Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Remodeling in Gestational Hypertension

Background: The first trimester of pregnancy is where the mother's hemodynamic adaptation starts. A raise in preload, a drop in afterload, improved conduit vessel enforcement, ventricular remodeling, and a change in the renin system cause cardiac production to increase and diastolic activity to change. -the renin-angiotensinaldosterone axis. Aim: To assess maternal left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in gestational hypertension. Methods: Our study was conducted on 50 patients divided on two groups as patients and control groups each of them 25. All subjects were evaluated by history taking, clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, 12-lead ECG and echocardiography. Results: There was a statistically highly significant correlation between patients and control groups in age and parity with p values (0.027) and (0.023) respectively and significant correlation in left ventricular remodeling with p value for normal geometry and concentric LVH (<0.001) and (0.05) respectively. There was a significant correlation between patients and control groups with as regard left ventricular diastolic function in E/A ratio and septal E with P values <0.001 for both of them. There was a significant correlation between patients and control groups in using GLS with P value 0.001. Conclusion: As compared to normotensive deliveries, gestational hypertension is correlated with retained left ventricular systolic activity, subclinical diastolic dysfunction, and left ventricular remodeling in the context of increased mass and wall thickness, as well as a higher prevalence of concentric remodeling. Speckle monitoring echocardiography is important in the early identification of systolic dysfunction.
FADIA: fairness-driven collaborative remote attestation

Internet of Things (IoT) technology promises to bring new value creation opportunities across all major industrial sectors. This will yield industries to deploy more devices into their networks. A key pillar to ensure the safety and security of the running services on these devices is remote attestation. Unfortunately,existing solutions fail to cope with the recent challenges raised by large IoT networks. In particular, the heterogeneity of the devices used in the network affects the performance of a remote attestation protocol. Another challenge in these networks is their dynamic nature: More IoT devices may be added gradually over time. This poses a problem in terms of key management in remote attestation. We propose FADIA, the first lightweight collaborative remote attestation protocol that is designed with fairness in mind. FADIA enables fair distribution of load/tasks on the attesting devices to achieve better performance. We also leverage the Eschenauer-Gligor scheme to enable efficient addition of devices to the network. We implement our solution on heterogeneous embedded devices and evaluate it in real scenarios. The evaluation shows that FADIA can (i) increase the lifetime of a network by an order of magnitude and (ii) decrease the remote attestation runtime by a factor of 1.6.
Insights on Genetic and Environmental Factors in Parkinson’s Disease from a Regional Swedish Case-Control Cohort

BACKGROUND: Risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD) can be more or less relevant to a population due to population-specific genetic architecture, local lifestyle habits, and environmental exposures. Therefore, it is essential to study PD at a local, regional, and continental scale in order to increase the knowledge on disease etiology. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to PD in a new Swedish case-control cohort. METHODS: PD patients (n=929) and matched population-based controls (n=935) from the southernmost county in Sweden were included in the cohort. Information on environmental exposures was obtained using questionnaires at inclusion. Genetic analyses included a genome-wide association study (GWAS), haplotype assessment, and a risk profile analysis using cumulative genetic risk scores. RESULTS: The cohort is a representative PD case-control cohort (64% men, mean age at diagnosis = 67 years, median Hoehn and Yahr score = 2.0), in which previously reported associations between PD and environmental factors, such as tobacco, could be confirmed. We describe the first GWAS of PD solely composed of PD patients from Sweden, and confirm associations to well-established risk alleles in SNCA. In addition, we identified a potential novel, population-specific PD risk variant in the PLPP4 locus (rs12771445) along with a risk haplotype in the region. CONCLUSIONS: This work provides an in-depth description of a new PD case-control cohort from southern Sweden in which we identified a potential novel PD risk locus, PLPP4. Replication studies are needed to determine whether the PLPP4 locus is associated with PD in Sweden, and on a global scale.
Threshold concepts in medical education: A scoping review

The threshold concept framework (TCF) was first described nearly 20 years ago, but its application in the field of medical education has recently seen a significant growth of interest with a diverse range of literature published on the subject. The transformative nature of threshold concepts (TCs) offers potential for the design of learning experiences and curricula across the medical education continuum. A scoping review was conducted to map the extent of the current literature regarding TCs in medical education—to describe the types of available evidence and its focus—and identify research gaps.
Food Supplements in the Treatment of Ophthalmic Diseases: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Among the 2.2 billion people in the world affected by any type of eye condition, the World Health Organization estimates 196 million with Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), 146 million with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 76 million with glaucoma [1]. No clear estimate exists on the global presence of dry eye, though the English Agency known as Global-Data UK Ltd. in a document published on June 2018, considering the 8 more industrialised Countries (US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, Japan, and China), reports a prevalence of 267,680,785 cases in 2016, destined to raise to 286,308,974 cases in 2026, therefore with an annual growth rate of 0.70% [2]. Approximately 200 million eyes globally are affected by cataracts causing a visual acuity less than 6/60, which become 3-4 times more including cataracts causing an acuity below 6/18 [3], accounting for one third of the worldwide blindness [4]. Globally, over 300 millions adolescents (less than 19 years old) are affected by progressive myopia [1], which in older ages may bring serious complications, like glaucoma or retinal detachment. All these eye pathologies pose a serious threat to vision, and have a strong social and economic impact. It has been estimated in 2014 by the National Eye Institute that the annual economic burden of vision loss, eye diseases and vision disorders in the U.S. amounted to 139 billion $ [5]. Now, what all these pathologies have in common is that there is no efficient pharmacological treatment for any of them. Resolutive surgery is possible in the case of cataract, but it is not devoid of – although minimal – side effects [6]. Surgical approaches are routinary applied also to the other pathologies, but most often they are not curative, and can at best attenuate their progression [7,8]. However, for all of them there is a link with lifestyle and alimentary habits, which becomes more evident in older ages [9,10]. This opens a space Review Article
Donor with Cen B Motifs and High KIR B Gene Motifs Contents has a Better HSCT Outcome in Pediatric Patients

Background: The aim of the study was to see the influence on the outcome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) with Killer Cell Immunoglobulin like Receptor (KIR) mismatching. HSCT is the main mode of treatment for different Hematological Malignancies, Solid Tumors and Autoimmune Diseases. Procedure: Around 65 patients with different Hematological Malignancies were taken from Hospital Databases who underwent Allogenic HSCT from 2012 to 2018 with median age 8yrs(1yr-15yrs). Centromeric B (Cen B) motifs donor and Non Cen B motifs (Centromeric A/A) donor were evaluated and their outcome in HSCT was considered. As for the KIR B Motifs contents, they were evaluated on the basis of greater than 2 or less than 2 and their outcome on HSCT was considered. Results: In this study we found that Cen B motifs donor had the higher survival and relapse protection for pediatric hematological malignancies (DFS 56.482, 95% confidence interval 51.763-61.201, p=0.034) (RR 0.242, 95% confidence interval 0.0561.056, p=0.044) compared to Non Cen B motifs donor. Donor with greater than two KIR B gene motifs contents had a better survival outcome and less relapse (DFS p=0.027) (RR 0.778, 95% confidence interval 0.665-0.909, p=0.025) compared to KIR B gene motifs contents less than two. Conclusion: KIR genotyping of several best HLA-matched potentials related and unrelated donors should substantially increase the frequency of better outcome in transplants by using grafts with favorable KIR gene content, KIR mismatching between donor and recipient, selecting donor with Cen B motifs and KIR B gene motifs greater than two.
Determination of Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Contents and Assessment of Antioxidant Properties of Cameroon Propolis: Case of Boyo (North-West Cameroon)

The present work deals with the qualitative and quantitative analyses and the assessment of the antioxidant properties of the extracts of the propolis of Boyo. It appears from this study that the polarity of the solvent used and the yield obtained are inversely proportional. We see here that hexane, apolar solvent presents an extraction yield of 52.08% while methanol, the most polar solvent presents only a yield of 5.21%. The qualitative analysis shows that these extracts contain enough compounds of natural substances and rich in polyphenols in particular flavonoids. The quantification of polyphenols is 0.68 ± 0.09 g EAG/100 g MB for the hexane extract, 2.64 ± 0.43 g EAG/100 g MB for the ethyl acetate extract and 12.64 ± 0.23 g EAG/100 g MB for the methanol extract, then that of flavonoids is 0.21 ± 0.05 g QE/100 g MB for the hexane extract, 0.92 ± 0.03 g QE/100 g MB for the ethyl acetate extract and 2.02 ± 0.02 g QE/100 g MB for the methanol extract. The study of antioxidant activities and the quantification of phenolic compounds of these same extracts showed interesting properties that propolis extracts possess.
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF ABSCISIC ACID (ABA) AND DROUGHT STRESS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

Water deficit is confirmed to be the most destructive factor in abiotic stress, which can inhibit crop growth. Here we examined the effect of exogenous applied 10 μM abscisic acid (ABA) on the physiological and biochemical responses to water deficit in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) over a 12-day period at seedling stage. ABA application by root irrigation was transported to the aboveground part to increase the leaf ABA accumulation, which led to the decrease of leaf stomatal conductance (Gs) to reduce water loss. Drenching the soil with ABA trigged an early closure of stomata in the leaves of winter wheat, resulting in broadened the soil water content (SWC) threshold range of non-hydraulic root-sourced signal (nHRS). Exogenous application of ABA also decreased the leaf hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and increased SOD, CAT and POD activities, leading to reduce the damage of free radicals accumulation on the structure of cell membrane system in wheat plants. Collectively, these results suggested that exogenously applied ABA under drought stress confer growth promoting and stress relieving effects on wheat plants.
CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF A STRENGTH TEST (1RM) IN PREHYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise promotes positive physiological adaptations, reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and promoting greater autonomic control of heart rate and reduction in pressure levels. Objective: To compare the behavior of arterial pressure and autonomic heart rate modulation in the 1-repetition maximum knee extension test, performed on the 45-degree leg press machine in normotensive and prehypertensive subjects. Methods: Twenty-four male volunteers were assessed. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) were evaluated at rest, immediately after the maximum load achieved and during the 10, 20, 30 and 40-minute recovery phases. Statistical analyses were obtained using SigmaStat 3.5 software and a level of significance of 5%. Results: Mean and standard deviation were used to identify 12 normotensive patients (N) aged = 25.5 ± 5.7 years; height = 174.3 ± 6.6 cm; BMI = 24.9 ± 2.4; SBP on average = 112.6 ± 5.6 mmHg and 12 prehypertensive (PH) patients aged = 29.8 ± 6.5 years; height = 175.7 ± 6.7 cm; BMI = 27.8 ± 6.5; mean SBP = 131.1 ± 3.2 mmHg. There was a statistical difference in the pNN50 index (%) at rest (PH = 1.13 ± 0.66 and N = 1.58 ± 0.35) and in the LF/HF index, also at rest (PH = 0.18 ± 0.29 and N = −0.18 ± 0.36). Conclusion: The one-repetition maximum (1RM) test did not promote cardiovascular risk in the prehypertensive group during its execution, with double product results lower than 30,000 mmHg.bpm, demonstrating lower cardiac overload. Moreover, HRV exhibited similarity in sympathetic-vagal behavior, in the time/frequency domain, between the groups. Level of Evidence III; Study Case-control.