Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short- to Midterm Follow-up of Cemented Total Ankle Replacement Using the INBONE II: A Retrospective Chart Review

Background: Total ankle arthroplasty is a viable option for the treatment of end stage ankle arthritis. The purpose of this study is to report on the mid-term results with a cemented total ankle prosthesis, the Inbone™ II implant over a 5 year period. Methods: A retrospective, single-center chart and radiographic review of all patients with end stage ankle arthritis treated with Inbone™ II TAR) as the primary index procedure from 12/1/2012 to 3/1/2017. Clinical data were evaluated at 3 month, 6 month, 1 year and subsequent intervals for the study period. Preoperative diagnosis, pertinent patient demographics adjunctive procedures, implant associated complications, subsequent surgeries, and revisions were recorded. Results: 121 total ankles met our inclusion criteria. Patients had an INBONE™ II TAR implant placed with bone cement with a minimum of a 12 months follow up. Average age was 62.88 (range, 32-87) years, average body mass index was 32.74 (range, 21.8-56.04) kg/m2 and average follow up was 28.51(range, 12-69) months. Using the COFAS complication classification there were 14 minor, 11 moderate, and 5 major complications. 6/121 (5.0%) revisions which included: polyethylene exchange, device explant/fusion, and antibiotic spacer in situ. No complications over the course of this study ended in amputation. Conclusion: Total Ankle Arthroplasty utilizing the cemented INBONE™ II yielded good midterm results with regards to minor, moderate, and major complications. Rate of revision 6/121 (5.0%) was within the reported range with only 5 patients converted to fusion during the study period resulting in a 95% survivability at mid-term follow up. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Retrospective case series
Preference for O-demethylation reactions in the oxidation of 2′-, 3′-, and 4′-methoxyflavones by human cytochrome P450 enzymes

Abstract 2′-, 3′-, and 4′-Methoxyflavones (MeFs) were incubated with nine forms of recombinant human cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) enzymes in the presence of an NADPH-generating system and the products formed were analyzed with LC-MS/MS methods. CYP1B1.1 and 1B1.3 were highly active in demethylating 4′MeF to form 4′-hydroxyflavone (rate of 5.0 nmol/min/nmol P450) and further to 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone (rates of 2.1 and 0.66 nmol/min/nmol P450, respectively). 3′MeF was found to be oxidized by P450s to m/z 239 (M-14) products (presumably 3′-hydroxyflavone) and then to 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone. P450s also catalyzed oxidation of 2′MeF to m/z 239 (M-14) and m/z 255 (M-14, M-14 + 16) products, presumably mono- and di-hydroxylated products, respectively. At least two types of ring oxidation products having m/z 269 fragments were formed, although at slower rates than the formation of mono- and di-hydroxylated products, on incubation of these MeFs with P450s; one type was products oxidized at the C-ring, having m/z 121 fragments, and the other one was the products oxidized at the A-ring (having m/z 137 fragments). Molecular docking analysis indicated the preference of interaction of O-methoxy moiety of methoxyflavones in the active site of CYP1A2. These results suggest that 2′-, 3′-, and 4′-methoxyflavones are principally demethylated by human P450s to form mono- and di-hydroxyflavones and that direct oxidation occurs in these MeFs to form mono-hydroxylated products, oxidized at the A- or B-ring of MeF.
Multitask Learning for Estimating Multitype Cardiac Indices in MRI and CT Based on Adversarial Reverse Mapping

The estimation of multitype cardiac indices from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) images attracts great attention because of its clinical potential for comprehensive function assessment. However, the most exiting model can only work in one imaging modality (MRI or CT) without transferable capability. In this article, we propose the multitask learning method with the reverse inferring for estimating multitype cardiac indices in MRI and CT. Different from the existing forward inferring methods, our method builds a reverse mapping network that maps the multitype cardiac indices to cardiac images. The task dependencies are then learned and shared to multitask learning networks using an adversarial training approach. Finally, we transfer the parameters learned from MRI to CT. A series of experiments were conducted in which we first optimized the performance of our framework via ten-fold cross-validation of over 2900 cardiac MRI images. Then, the fine-tuned network was run on an independent data set with 2360 cardiac CT images. The results of all the experiments conducted on the proposed adversarial reverse mapping show excellent performance in estimating multitype cardiac indices.
Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion by Angiographic Methods in Tortuous Coronary Arteries

The relationship between coronary tortuosity (CorT) and tissue-level myocardial perfusion is not clear. We investigated tissue perfusion in myocardial territories supplied by tortuous coronary arteries. Among patients who had undergone coronary angiography, patients with reported CorT, those with ≥1 coronary artery were included in the study group (100 patients). The control group included patients with normal coronary arteries (100 patients). Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction frame count (TFC) and myocardial blush grade (MBG) were calculated for each coronary artery. Mean TFC was significantly higher in tortuous right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending (LAD) artery, and circumflex (Cx) artery compared to their non-tortuous counterparts (28.81 ± 6.463 vs 21.94 ± 3.328, P = .009; 43.28 ± 5.698 vs 36.17 ± 3.875, P = .006; 29.35 ± 4.111 vs 23.821 ± 2.639; P < .001, respectively). Mean MBG was also significantly lower in tortuous RCA, LAD, and Cx, compared to their normal counterparts (2.78 ± 0.417 vs 2.98 ± 0.155, P < .001; 2.74 ± 0.483 vs 2.97 ± 0.164, P < .001; 2.92 ± 0.277 vs 2.99 ± 0.110, P < .001, respectively). For each tortuous coronary artery, TFC was similar for every MBG category. Tortuous coronary arteries have higher TFC and lower MBG, suggesting impaired epicardial and microvascular coronary flow, when compared to normal coronary arteries.
Neurodevelopmental outcome at 1 year in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract Objective To study the metabolic derangements in the second half of pregnancy caused by gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), on the short term neurodevelopment of infants. Design A prospective cohort study of 555 mother–child pairs were recruited, which included 177 GDM patients and 378 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance as controls. Clinical and demographic characteristics were obtained at enrollment, birth and follow-up. Neurodevelopment was examined with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development V.1 mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI). Fatty acids (FA) were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and triglyceride (TG). The scores of MDI and PDI of control group were higher than those of GDM group. The regression analysis showed that maternal age and saturated fatty acid (SFA) were independently associated with lower scores on the MDI whereas gestational age and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were associated with higher scores; in addition, lower scores on the PDI were associated with FPG and neonatal weigh associated with higher scores. Conclusion SFA, DHA and FPG as indicators of lipid metabolism were associated with neurodevelopmental outcome at 1 year in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Control the level of blood glucose and lipid during pregnancy and the appropriate supplementation of DHA during pregnancy in the second half of pregnancy may be beneficial to the neurodevelopment of infants.
A CLC-ec1 mutant reveals global conformational change and suggests a unifying mechanism for the CLC Cl–/H+ transport cycle

Among coupled exchangers, CLCs uniquely catalyze the exchange of oppositely charged ions (Cl– for H+). Transport-cycle models to describe and explain this unusual mechanism have been proposed based on known CLC structures. While the proposed models harmonize with many experimental findings, gaps and inconsistencies in our understanding have remained. One limitation has been that global conformational change – which occurs in all conventional transporter mechanisms – has not been observed in any high-resolution structure. Here, we describe the 2.6 Å structure of a CLC mutant designed to mimic the fully H+-loaded transporter. This structure reveals a global conformational change to improve accessibility for the Cl– substrate from the extracellular side and new conformations for two key glutamate residues. Together with DEER measurements, MD simulations, and functional studies, this new structure provides evidence for a unified model of H+/Cl– transport that reconciles existing data on all CLC-type proteins.
Accessibility of services in digital television for hearing impaired consumers

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the issue of the utilization of digital television for hearing impaired consumers. The necessity and different possibilities in providing of watching television services for people with the special needs have risen with the occurrence of digital television. Various access services, such as subtitles and sign language, are described in this paper. This preliminary study included a focus group of 30 deaf and hard-of-hearing respondents. The results from a discussion with subjects from a focus group through questionnaires shed light on how they address the new implications brought by digital television. The goal of this survey is to identify their attitudes toward digital television and to explore factors pertaining to their use of access services in television environment. The examination results concerning hearing impaired consumers about advantages and accessibility of the corresponding services are presented in this paper. The research presented in this paper constitutes an initial step toward a better set of facilities for deaf or hearing impaired users with the purpose of minimizing digital and social exclusion.
Impact of type of reduced‐intensity conditioning regimen on the outcomes of allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation in classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) is a curative option for select relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients; however, there are sparse data to support superiority of any particular conditioning regimen. We analyzed 492 adult patients undergoing human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐matched sibling or unrelated donor allo‐HCT for HL between 2008 and 2016, utilizing RIC with either fludarabine/busulfan (Flu/Bu), fludarabine/melphalan (Flu/Mel140) or fludarabine/cyclophosphamide (Flu/Cy). Multivariable regression analysis was performed using a significance level of <0·01. There were no significant differences between regimens in risk for non‐relapse mortality (NRM) (P = 0·54), relapse/progression (P = 0·02) or progression‐free survival (PFS) (P = 0·14). Flu/Cy conditioning was associated with decreased risk of mortality in the first 11 months after allo‐HCT (HR = 0·28; 95% CI = 0·10–0·73; P = 0·009), but beyond 11 months post allo‐HCT it was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality, (HR = 2·46; 95% CI = 0·1.32–4·61; P = 0·005). Four‐year adjusted overall survival (OS) was similar across regimens at 62% for Flu/Bu, 59% for Flu/Mel140 and 55% for Flu/Cy (P = 0·64), respectively. These data confirm the choice of RIC for allo‐HCT in HL does not influence risk of relapse, NRM or PFS. Although no OS benefit was seen between Flu/Bu and Flu/Mel 140; Flu/Cy was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality beyond 11 months from allo‐HCT (possibly due to late NRM events).
Genetic and phenotypic correlation among body weight at various ages and among the reproductive traits in landrace desi and their cross-bred pigs.

Introduction The phenotypic correlation among body weight at various ages in Landrace, desi and their half-brads besides data pooled over all genetic groups were positive and significant in majority of cases but genetic correlations among body weight at various ages were positive and high but no specific trend. In reproductive traits the phenotypic correlation of age at first farrowing with litter size at birth, litter weight at birth and litter weight at weaning were non-significant in each genetic groups separately. The phenotypic correlation of age at first farrowing with farrowing interval was positive in desi and Landrace genetic groups. The genetic correlation of age at first farrowing with litter size at birth and at weaning are in general negative and low where its relation with farrowin interval was also negative. The phenotypic correlation among litter size and litter weight at birth and at weaning had positive and high except with farrowing interval. The genetic correlations were also positive and high in majority of cases. Litter size and Litter weight at birth and at weaning had positive and high phenotypic correlation in majority of cases except with farrowing interval. Genetic and phenotypic correlation between two traits were calculated from analysis of variance and covariance by parental half-sib correlation method as describe by Backer(1975). Measure of associates between two traits is the phenotypic correlation which is the correlation between the performances in each trait. It reflects the extent to which performance in one trait is associated with the performance with the other traits. Correlated characters are of interest for three chief reasons. (I) Connection with the genetic cause of correlation through the peliotropic action of genes. (II) Connection with the change brought by selection and (III) Connection with natural selection. The relationship between a metric character and fitness is the primary agents that determine the genetic properties of that character in natural population.
Impact of breed on canine humeral condylar fracture configuration, surgical management, and outcome.

OBJECTIVE To report the prevalence, configuration, risk factors, fixation methods and outcomes after repair of humeral condylar fractures (HCF) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective nested cohort study. SAMPLE POPULATION One hundred twelve dogs. METHODS Medical records of dogs referred between January 2010 and August 2018 were searched for HCF. Demographics, fracture configuration, repair, and complications were obtained from medical records. Radiographs were assessed for fracture reduction, implant positioning, and bone healing. Short-term radiographic and clinical outcomes, and long-term owner-assessed outcome was determined. Associations between these variables were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Dogs with HCF represented 112 of 43 325 (0.26%, 95% CI 0.22-0.31) referrals. French bulldogs and spaniel breeds were predisposed to HCF (P < .02). French bulldogs were 6.58 times (95% CI 1.62-26.7) more likely than other breeds to have a medial HCF (P = .008). Epicondylar plate fixation was associated with reduced complications compared with lag screws and Kirschner wires (P = .009). Lameness was scored as 1 of 5 (median) in the 85 dogs with initial follow-up (median 6 weeks) after HCF repair. Outcome was considered excellent in 26 of 31 dogs with long-term follow-up (median 36 months). CONCLUSION French bulldogs and spaniels were predisposed to HCF, and medial HCF were more common in French bulldogs. Epicondylar plate fixation was associated with reduced complications. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE French bulldogs are predisposed to HCF, including medial HCF. Epicondylar plate fixation is recommended over other epicondylar fixation methods to reduce complications.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Agonists Enhance Blood Pressure and Vascular Reactivity to Vasopressin in Aortic Coarctation‐Induced Hypertensive Female Rats

Estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ may enhance vasoconstriction to arginine vasopressin (VP) via different pathways. Therefore, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in normotension (NT) and in aortic coarctation‐induced hypertension (HT) in female Sprague‐Dawley rats (14–16 wks) that were intact (INT), ovariectomized (OVX) or OVX+treated with ER‐selective agonists 2,3‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐phenyl)‐propionitrile (DPN, ERβ)or 4,4′,4″‐(4‐propyl‐[1H]‐pyrazole‐1,3,5‐triyl)trisphenol (PPT, ERα), 100μg/rat/day (13–16 days). Reactivity to VP was measured in mesenteric arterioles (MA, 200μ dia.) using isometric myography. Data are means ± S.E. (n=3–8 rats). During the acute phase of HT (day 10), OVX (150±9 mmHg) reduced MAP compared to INT (193±7). Treatment of OVX with DPN (187±9 mmHg) increased MAP more than with PPT (172±5); MAP of NT controls was lower (125±5). In NT MA, maximal response to VP was increased by PPT (4.79±0.67 mN) but unchanged by DPN (3.18±0.46) compared to INT (3.43±0.67). HT enhanced MA response to VP in PPT (6.07±1.13) to a greater extent than DPN (3.11±0.07). In HT MA,simvastatin (inhibitor of Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum, SR) reduced maximal response to VP in both PPT and DPN (1.54±0.54 vs. 0.87±0.06). These data suggest that:
Recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli: optimisation of improved protocols

Recombinant protein production (RPP) is a cornerstone of bioprocessing. This study presents novel analytical techniques and production protocols for RPP in E. coli, particularly regarding industrial applications. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to monitor cell physiology and RPP during production of a fluorescent model protein, CheY::GFP. Further applications of FCM for monitoring RPP were developed: The amyloidophilic dye Congo red was used to identify inclusion bodies produced under high-stress conditions. FCM analysis of transformants on agar plates identified 3 populations of varying fluorescence intensity and the progressive transfer of cells from the high fluorescence population to one of intermediate fluorescence and low culturability. Congo red staining showed this was due to amyloid-inclusion body formation. RPP conditions that minimise physiological stress by reducing temperature and inducer concentration can increase product yields, solubility and biomass yields. The original fermentation protocol used for stress-minimised RPP proved unsuitable for industrial use. Application of stress-minimisation to an industrially-derived protocol using early or late-phase induction and glucose or glycerol as carbon source generated high biomass, total CheY::GFP and soluble CheY::GFP yields. These protocols improved biomass generation, product formation and reproducibility over the original stress-minimised and unmodified industrially-derived protocols and therefore stress-minimisation is of potential industrial use.
Cytokines, Angiogenesis, and Extracellular Matrix Degradation are Augmented by Oxidative Stress in Endometriosis

Background The effect of the interplay among inflammation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and oxidative stress (OS) on the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear. Previously, we demonstrated the role of OS in endometriosis. Here, we performed a comprehensive investigation of several molecules involved in inflammation, angiogenesis, and ECM degradation in women with endometriosis to study their interplay with OS. Methods Blood samples were collected from women with endometriosis (N=80), as well as from women with tubal factor infertility as controls (N=80). Interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, transforming growth factor-beta, IL-4, −10, −2, −6, −8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, −9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, −2, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 levels in serum samples were measured using an ELISA. Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured using flow cytometry. Results Cytokines, VEGF, MMPs, and COX-2 were significantly higher and TIMPs were significantly lower in patients with endometriosis. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that IL-10 was the most significant variable capable of discriminating endometriosis samples from controls. Conclusions Deregulation of NF-κB activation by OS affects the expression of various cytokines in endometriosis. Elevated cytokine levels further up-regulate IL-10, which subsequently activates the MMPs, leading to excessive ECM degradation and angiogenesis. Moreover, IL-10 emerged as the most important molecule involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Measurement of these molecules may help in better management of the patients with endometriosis.
Impact of increasing the levels of insoluble fiber and on the method of diet formulation measures of energy and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the differences in response to distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) level under constant nutrient or floating nutrient concentrations. A total of 21 ileal-cannulated gilts (33.1 ± 0.4 kg body weight) were randomly allotted to one of seven dietary treatments in a 3-period incomplete Latin square design (n = 9). Treatments consisted of a 0% DDGS basal diet, plus diets containing 15%, 30%, or 45% DDGS. Diets were formulated using one of two different formulation methods: 1) constant nutrient (CNU) where nutrients were held equal to the basal diet or 2) constant ingredients (CIN) where DDGS were added at the expense of corn and all other ingredients remained constant, so nutrient levels were allowed to “float. ” Chromic oxide was added to the diets at 0.5% as an indigestible marker. Increasing the level of DDGS decreased the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), starch, dispensable amino acids (AA), and fiber components (P < 0.050). The decrease in the AID of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp was more pronounced under CNU compared with the CIN formulation method (P < 0.050). The decrease in the AID of hemicellulose was less pronounced under CNU compared with the CIN formulation method (P = 0.045). There was a DDGS level × formulation method interaction for the AID of acid hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE; P = 0.015); for the CNU formulation method, increasing level of DDGS decreased the AID of AEE from 0% to 30% and remained similar from 30% to 45% DDGS, whereas the CIN had no effect on the AID of AEE. Increasing the level of DDGS decreased the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, GE, and fiber components (P < 0.050), except for acid detergent fiber, which was not affected. The decrease in the ATTD of insoluble dietary fiber and total dietary fiber was less pronounced under CNU compared with CIN (P < 0.050). The ATTD of AEE decreased for CNU compared with CIN (P < 0.010). In conclusion, increasing the insoluble fiber level in the form of DDGS decreased the digestibility of most dietary components, including DM, GE, starch, insoluble fiber, and AA. The CNU and CIN formulation methods are equivalent when evaluating the digestibilities of DM, GE, starch, crude protein, and AA (when they were not added in purified synthetic forms). Differences between CNU and CIN formulation methods were detected for the digestibility of insoluble fiber, fat, and essential AA (when added as crystalline AA).