Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental fecundability and neurodevelopmental delays and difficulties in offspring

Abstract Background Impaired neurodevelopment is reported among children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART). However, this might be explained by conditions underlying parental subfecundity, rather than the ART procedure. Methods We examined associations of parental time-to-pregnancy (TTP) and conception by ART with neurodevelopmental traits up to 8 years of age, including motor and language skills, social delays and difficulties, and inattention-hyperactivity, among 92 142 singletons participating in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Mothers reported TTP and neurodevelopmental traits through questionnaires. Mean differences in standardized neurodevelopmental traits were estimated using linear regression, adjusting for maternal age, parity, educational level, body mass index and smoking, and paternal age. Results A longer TTP was associated with decreased language skills and motor skills at 6, 18 and 36 months (P-values for trend ≤0.01), prosocial skills delay at 36 months (P-values for trend ≤0.001) and increased scores for inattention-hyperactivity traits at all ages up to 8 years (P-values for trend from 0.06 to 0.01). Effect sizes were small, ranging between 0.03 and 0.05 difference in the standardized neurodevelopmental scores. Estimates for ART were imprecise, but there were no differences between children conceived by ART and naturally conceived children of subfecund parents (TTP ≥12 months). Conclusions Longer parental TTP is modestly but robustly associated with offspring neurodevelopmental delays and difficulties, with no added impact of ART. Future studies should investigate the underlying causes of—or aspects related to—parental subfecundity which might explain the association with offspring neurodevelopmental delays and difficulties.
Catalytic Mechanism of Oxygen Vacancies in Perovskite Oxides for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Defective materials have been demonstrated to possess adsorptive and catalytic properties in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, which can effectively solve the problems of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle and sluggish conversion kinetics during charging and discharging of Li–S batteries. However, there is still a lack of research on the quantitative relationship between the defect concentration and the adsorptive‐catalytic performance of the electrode. In this work, perovskites Sr0.9Ti1−xMnxO3−δ (STMnx) (x = 0.1–0.3) with different oxygen‐vacancy concentrations are quantitatively regulated as research models. Through a series of tests of the adsorptive property and electrochemical performance, a quantitative relationship between oxygen‐vacancy concentration and adsorptive‐catalytic properties is established. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism of oxygen vacancies in Li–S batteries is investigated using density functional theory calculations and in situ experiments. The increased oxygen vacancies can effectively increase the binding energy between perovskite and LiPSs, reduce the energy barrier of LiPSs decomposition reaction, and promote LiPSs conversion reaction kinetics. Therefore, the perovskite STMn0.3 with high oxygen‐vacancy concentrations exhibits excellent LiPSs adsorptive and catalytic properties, realizing high‐efficiency Li–S batteries. This work is helpful to realize the application of the quantitative regulation strategy of defect engineering in Li–S batteries.
The Action of the Pulsed Electric Field of the Subnanosecond Range on Human Tumor Cells

The action of the pulsed electric field of the subnanosecond range on Jurkat, HEK 293, and U‐87 MG human cell lines was studied. The cells were treated in a waveguide in 0.18 ml electrodeless Teflon cuvettes. The electric field strength in the cell culture medium was ~2 kV/cm, the pulse duration was ~1 ns, the leading edge was 150 ps, the frequency was 100 Hz, and the treatment time was 5 min. According to estimates, the change of the transmembrane potential during the pulse was ~20 mV and we assume that it was insufficient for electroporation. Jurkat and HEK 293 cells appeared to be more resistant to the treatment than U‐87 MG cells. We have observed that the impulses with the above‐mentioned parameters can cause a noticeable change in the mitochondrial activity of U‐87 MG cells. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Geriatric Falls: A Registry-Based Study in the Netherlands

BACKGROUND: Falls in people 65 years and older evaluated in the emergency department are increasing. Of all unintentional injury-related deaths among older people, 55% are due to falls. The impact of falls, especially concerning Dutch older people with the highest proportion of living independently worldwide, is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To identify the influence of age, gender, health conditions, and type of fall on the severity of injury, hospital length of stay, mortality, and discharge destination. METHODS: A total number of 6,084 patients from a comprehensive regional trauma care system, 65 years and older and hospitalized after a fall, were included. Groups were compared for patient-related factors and multivariable logistic regression analysis to explore the consequences. RESULTS: Mean age was 82 years (SD = 8.3), and 70% were female. Most falls (66.4%) were due to “slipping and tripping” or “falls on the same level,” 57.4% had Injury Severity Scores between 9 and 12, and 43.3% were discharged home. Higher age and type of fall increased the likelihood of severe injuries. Men experienced shorter hospital stays than women and were less frequently discharged home. Mortality was higher in males (10.8%) than in females (6.7%) and increased with the American Society of Anesthesiologists scores for preexisting health conditions. CONCLUSION: Advanced age, gender, type of fall, and prior health status play a significant role in the severity of injuries, length of hospital stay, 30-day mortality, and higher discharge destination to care homes in older people hospitalized after a fall.
Predicting coal pillar life in South Africa

The data base of failed coal pillars in South Africa was analysed with regard to the time of failure in an effort to develop a method to predict how long after their formation coal pillars will fail. It was found that meaningful results could only be obtained by splitting the data base up into groups that displayed similar behaviour. It was postulated, based on observation and experience, that coal pillars fail by a process of progressive weakening progressing into the pillar from the edges. Minimum pillar dimensions to ensure failure were calculatedi? ½these were the dimensions that corresponded to a minimum i? ½reali? ½ factor of safety. From the scaling distance required to reach the minimum safety factor, rates of scaling for the failed pillars were calculated based on the observed real lives of the pillars. It was found that the rates of scaling were unique for different mining areas and that they correlated directly with mining height and inversely with time. Using the derived scaling rates, the predicted pillar lives were back calculated for the pillars in the data base of failed pillars. In two of the three groups, the predicted lives correlated well with the observed lives on a one-to-one comparison. In all cases, the predicted lives were in the same time range as the observed lives. Overall, the frequency of predicted lives closely replicated the observed frequency of observed lives of the pillars in the data base of failed pillars. The method was successful in distinguishing between the data base of failed and a representative sample of intact pillars. While the predictions matched the observed lives of failed pillars, the predictions of expected lives for intact (hitherto unfailed) pillars were orders of magnitude greater. It is now possible to estimate the frequencies of future pillar failures for the purposes of mine closure and undermining of surface structures within broad bands.
Ultra-low-noise monolithic mode-locked solid-state laser

Low-noise, high-repetition-rate mode-locked solid-state lasers are attractive for precision measurement and microwave generation, but the best lasers in terms of noise performance still consist of complex, bulky optical setups, which limits their range of applications. In this Letter, we present an approach for producing highly stable pulse trains with a record-low residual integrated offset frequency phase noise of 14 mrad at 1 GHz fundamental repetition rate using a monolithic mode-locked solid-state laser. The compact monolithic design simplifies implementation of the laser by fixing the cavity parameters and operates using just 265 mW of 980 nm pump light.
Thyristor assisted on-load tap changers for transformers

Mechanically operated on-load tap changers are widely used on power transformers to vary the output voltage by tap selection. During the process of tap changing it is essential that there is no interruption of the current flow. A method commonly used is shown where transition resistors are connected across the transformer tappings during the changeover period. The double compartment type tap change gear to which the authors refer comprises two major components, a tap selector and a diverter switch each of which are located in transformer oil. The tap selector selects the tapping; its electrical contacts are designed to carry the transformer rated current but not to make or break such current. The diverter switch is designed to carry, make and break the load current in circuits previously selected by the tap selector. The authors describe a new circuit arrangement whereby the diverter switch contacts are relieved of their duties to make and break current resulting in reduced contact erosion and oil contamination.
Otimização númerica e experimental de perfis U formados a frio sujeitos à compressão (Numerical and experimental optimization of cold formed steel c-sections under compression)

This paper presents a numeric study that aims to obtaining minimum weight of cold-formed channel columns, with and without lips. Flexural, torsional and torsional-flexural buckling of columns were considered as constraints. The design of cold-formed steel columns was prepared on the basis of the 2001 edition of the North American Specification for the Design of ColdFormed Steel Structural Members. The optimization was made through the Simulated Annealing method. Several numeric simulations are presented and discussed with the main goal of validate the proposal, as well as an experimental example that qualifies the implementation.
Knockout of cyclin B1 in granulosa cells causes female subfertility

ABSTRACT In mammalian cells, cyclin B1 plays a pivotal role in mitotic and meiotic progression. It has been reported that infertility occurs after disruption of cyclin B1 (Ccnb1) in male germ cells and oocytes. However, it remains to be elucidated whether the specific disruption of Ccnb1 in granulosa cells influences the reproductive activity of female mice. Amhr2 is expressed in granulosa cells (GCs) of the ovary. Here, we mated Ccnb1Flox/Flox mice with a transgenic mouse strain expressing Amhr2-Cre to generate GC-specific Ccnb1 knockout mice. The results showed that Ccnb1 Flox/Flox, Amhr2-Cre (Ccnb1 cKO) mice were subfertile but had normal oocyte meiotic progress, spindle shape and protein levels of cohesin subunits REC8 and SMC3 on arm chromosomes during meiosis I. A further study found that 32.4% of oocytes from Ccnb1 cKO mice exhibited chromosome condensation and spindle disassembly after the first polar body extrusion and failed to undergo second meiosis, which was never found in oocytes from Ccnb1Flox/Flox mice. In addition, the percentages of 2-cell embryos, morulas, and blastocysts in the Ccnb1 mutant group were all dramatically decreased compared to those in the Ccnb1Flox/Flox group (39.2% vs. 86.8%, 26.0% vs. 85.0%, 19.1% vs. 85.8%, respectively). Therefore, GC-specific Ccnb1 deletion in mice could cause fewer and poor-quality blastocysts and subsequent subfertility, which plays an important role in understanding the function of cyclin B1 in reproduction.
Advances in lung cancer screening and early detection

Lung cancer is associated with a heavy cancer-related burden in terms of patients’ physical and mental health worldwide. Two randomized controlled trials, the US-National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and Nederlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek (NELSON), indicated that low-dose CT (LDCT) screening results in a statistically significant decrease in mortality in patients with lung cancer, LDCT has become the standard approach for lung cancer screening. However, many issues in lung cancer screening remain unresolved, such as the screening criteria, high false-positive rate, and radiation exposure. This review first summarizes recent studies on lung cancer screening from the US, Europe, and Asia, and discusses risk-based selection for screening and the related issues. Second, an overview of novel techniques for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, including artificial intelligence and molecular biomarker-based screening, is presented. Third, current explorations of strategies for suspected malignancy are summarized. Overall, this review aims to help clinicians understand recent progress in lung cancer screening and alleviate the burden of lung cancer.
Interaction of polygenetic variants related to inflammation with carbohydrate and vitamin D intakes in middle-aged and older adults in a large hospital-based cohort

Abstract Low-grade subclinical inflammation is interrelated with metabolic diseases, and its susceptibility interacts with genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to examine genetic variants related to a high risk for inflammation using serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, interactions among the genetic variants and the genetic variant interaction with dietary and lifestyle factors in adults. The participants were divided into case and control by serum CRP concentrations: ≥ 0·5 mg/dl (case; n 2018) and < 0·5 mg/dl (control; n 47 185). Genetic variants contributing to high inflammation risk were selected using GWAS after adjusting covariates to influence inflammation, and genetic variant–genetic variant interactions were identified by generalised multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. Polygenetic-risk scores (PRS) were constructed from the selected genetic variants, and PRS–nutrient interactions for the high inflammation risk were determined. The PRS included CRP_rs1205, OASL_rs3213545, APOE_rs429358, HNF1A_rs1169286, APOC1_rs7256200 and SLC13A3_rs424697. The PRS was positively associated with serum CRP concentration by 2·0 times after adjusting for covariates. The PRS interacted with age: older participants with High-PRS had much higher serum CRP concentrations than those with Low-PRS. Intake of carbohydrates, MUFA and vitamin D exhibited an interaction with PRS for inflammation risk (P < 0·05). In participants with high-carbohydrate/low-fat diets and low vitamin D intakes, those with High-PRS had a higher risk of serum CRP concentrations than those with Low-PRS. In conclusion, the participants with inflammation-related PRS potentially worsened inflammation status, especially in diets with high carbohydrates, low fat (especially MUFA) and low vitamin D. These results can be applied to personalised nutrition to reduce inflammation risk.
MCWS-Transformers: Towards an Efficient Modeling of Protein Sequences via Multi Context-Window Based Scaled Self-Attention

This paper advances the self-attention mechanism in the standard transformer network specific to the modeling of the protein sequences. We introduce a novel context-window based scaled self-attention mechanism for processing protein sequences that is based on the notion of (i) local context and (ii) large contextual pattern. Both notions are essential to building a good representation for protein sequences. The proposed context-window based scaled self-attention mechanism is further used to build the multi context-window based scaled (MCWS) transformer network for the protein function prediction task at the protein sub-sequence level. Overall, the proposed MCWS transformer network produced improved predictive performances, outperforming existing state-of-the-art approaches by substantial margins. With respect to the standard transformer network, the proposed network produced improvements in F1-score of +2.30% and +2.08% on the biological process (BP) and molecular function (MF) datasets, respectively. The corresponding improvements over the state-of-the-art ProtVecGen-Plus+ProtVecGen-Ensemble approach are +3.38% (BP) and +2.86% (MF). Equally important, robust performances were obtained across protein sequences of different lengths.
The Power of Podcasting: Perspectives on Pedagogy.

of podcasting on student learning and engagement, and possibilities for future development in this area. postulate that podcasting complements a Constructivist approach in the classroom, provide much of the research foundation for this paper. The connection between podcasting information in multiple singleeducational podcasting between instructors and students are many. The unique marriage of practical offer single-concept-themed lectures on-the-go, personalized narrative feedback, and gentle guidance to the student should not be overlooked. ways to use podcasts in the college classroom: as short, single-concept lectures, overviews of focused material, reviews, and narrative audio feedback to students. BRIEF OVERVIEW OF PODCASTING Podcasts (the term is a hybrid of ‘iPod’ and ‘broadcast’), which are audio broadcasts distributed via the Internet, are not a new concept. Podcasting has existed at least since the audio tutorial movement and the Sony Walkman (Simonson, n.d.). Even though it is not exactly a new technology, all of the higher learning and the online classroom are still being discovered. Podcasters create digital media users can listen to them directly or download them to an MP3 player or other media listening device (Gaden, 2010). Some qualities of effective podcasts include that they represent a single idea that can be explained verbally, they are part of a series with each single event related to others, they are available in an electronic format that is easily website or other Internet location for easy access, and are current and changed or updated frequently (Simonson, n.d.). EDUCATIONAL USES OF PODCASTING Educators have long been intrigued by the possibilities that this technology holds. The use of podcasts in the online classroom has great potential not only because podcasts help differentiate learning (Cooper, 2008) and provide additional support to needs (Powell & Robson, 2014) but also because they foster a
The influence of food recommendations: Evidence from a randomized field experiment

We report results from a randomized field experiment conducted at two food festivals. Our primary aim is to assess the impact of two types of recommendations commonly observed in food settings: most popular and chef’s choice . Subjects select a cupcake from a binary menu. The two options, offered by the same bakery, are the best seller in the bakery and the baker’s recommended cupcake. Our treatments manipulate whether the recommendation is disclosed in tandem with the cupcakes in the menu. We find that the most popular is the only recommendation that statistically significantly increased consumers’ demand relative to a baseline without recommendations. Furthermore, we find that this effect only holds for subjects from outside the local region. Our results are consistent with laboratory studies indicating information on peers’ choices is a powerful influence on consumers’ decisions, especially in the absence of prior knowledge.
Toll family members bind multiple Spatzle proteins and activate Toll family members bind multiple Spatzle proteins and activate antimicrobial peptide gene expression in Drosophila antimicrobial peptide gene expression in Drosophila

The Toll signaling pathway in Drosophila melanogaster regulates several immune-related functions, including the expression of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes. The canonical Toll receptor (Toll-1) is activated by the cytokine Spätzle (Spz-1), but Drosophila encodes eight other Toll genes and five other Spz genes whose interactions with one another and associated functions are less well understood. Here, we conducted in vitro assays in the Drosophila S2 cell line with the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) homology domains of each Toll family member to determine if they can activate a known target of Toll-1, the promoter of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin All TIR family members activated the drosomycin promoter, with Toll-1 and Toll-7 TIRs producing the highest activation. We found that the Toll-1 and Toll-7 ectodomains bind Spz-1, -2, and -5 and also vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) virions, and that Spz-1, -2, -5, and VSV all activated the promoters of drosomycin and several other AMP genes in S2 cells expressing full-length Toll-1 or Toll-7.
Sifat Inovasi dan Peluang Adopsi Teknologi Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu Krisan dalam Pengembangan Agribisnis Krisan di Kabupaten Sleman, DI Yogyakarta

Untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mutu bunga krisan di Indonesia, Pusat Peneltian dan Pengembangan Hortikulturatelah melaksanakan program penelitian dan pengkajian penerapan pengelolaan tanaman terpadu krisan di beberapa provinsi sentraproduksi krisan. Pengelolaan tanaman terpadu krisan meliputi (a) penggunaan varietas dan benih bermutu; (b) pembuatan rumahlindung dan sarananya; dan (c) proses budidaya. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui nilai sifat inovasi teknologi pengelolaantanaman terpadu krisan serta kemudahan penerapan dan peluang adopsinya oleh petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KabupatenSleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dari bulan April hingga Desember 2009, menggunakan metode survei. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa teknologi pengelolaan tanaman terpadu krisan di Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta memilikisifat inovasi yang berkategori nilai tinggi sampai dengan sangat tinggi, sehingga mudah diterapkan dan berpeluang tinggi sampaidengan sangat tinggi untuk diadopsi petani di lapangan. ABSTRACT To increase production and quality of chrysanthemum flowerin Indonesia, the Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development has conducted research and assessment programimplementation of integrated crop management in several provinces. Integrated crop management for chrysanthemum consistedof (a) the use of varieties and qualified-seedlings; (b) the use of shading house; and (c) agricultural process. The objective of thisresearch was to evaluate characteristics of integrated crop management of innovation technology that affect the adoption of theinnovation by the farmers. The research conducted in Sleman District, Special Province of Yogyakarta from April to December2009 using survey method. The results showed that integrated crop management technology of chrysanthemum have high until veryhigh value category of innovation technology, so it is easy to be implemented with high until very high opportunity the technologyto be adopted by farmers in the field.