Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N 2 O release from agro-biofuel production negates global warming reduction by replacing fossil fuels

The relationship, on a global basis, between the amount of N fixed by chemical, biological or atmospheric processes entering the terrestrial biosphere, and the total emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), has been re-examined, us- ing known global atmospheric removal rates and concentra- tion growth of N2O as a proxy for overall emissions. For both the pre-industrial period and in recent times, after taking into account the large-scale changes in synthetic N fertiliser pro- duction, we find an overall conversion factor of 3-5% from newly fixed N to N 2O-N. We assume the same factor to be valid for biofuel production systems. It is covered only in part by the default conversion factor for "direct" emissions from agricultural crop lands (1%) estimated by IPCC (2006), and the default factors for the "indirect" emissions (follow- ing volatilization/deposition and leaching/runoff of N: 0.35- 0.45%) cited therein. However, as we show in the paper, when additional emissions included in the IPCC methodol- ogy, e.g. those from livestock production, are included, the total may not be inconsistent with that given by our "top- down" method. When the extra N2O emission from biofuel production is calculated in "CO2-equivalent" global warm- ing terms, and compared with the quasi-cooling effect of "saving" emissions of fossil fuel derived CO2, the outcome is that the production of commonly used biofuels, such as biodiesel from rapeseed and bioethanol from corn (maize), depending on N fertilizer uptake efficiency by the plants, can contribute as much or more to global warming by N2O emis- sions than cooling by fossil fuel savings. Crops with less N demand, such as grasses and woody coppice species, have more favourable climate impacts. This analysis only consid- ers the conversion of biomass to biofuel. It does not take into account the use of fossil fuel on the farms and for fertil- izer and pesticide production, but it also neglects the produc- tion of useful co-products. Both factors partially compensate each other. This needs to be analyzed in a full life cycle as- sessment.
Alluring Indonesian Culinary to Enhance Acquisition and Speaking Compentence of BIPA Leaners at UNS Solo

The aim the research was to describe the acquisition of words and the use of various conversational languages used by international students either in a classroom or in extra-curricular activities outside the classroom. Conversations and introductions to Indonesian culinary food were the hallmarks of teaching Indonesian to foreigners at Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo. The rich traditions of Indonesian society were very attractive to foreign people. The Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) learners arrived from different countries, such as Nigeria, Afghanistan, Palestine, Uzbekistan, and several other students from Arab nations. The research applied a qualitative descriptive research using case study method. Data were obtained from the observation of participants and nonparticipants, both activities inside and outside the classroom. The research reveals that the use of basic words, formed words, abbreviated words, and words or phrases of various slang is found. In various conversations, many words and phrases with a foreign language structure and the use of non-standard languages that do not correspond to the correct rules of Indonesian grammar are used. They have a tendency to use their mother tongue's pronunciation when expressing difficult words. Language acquisition at this stage can be an initial strategy for BIPA learners to be able to fight and survive in a native-speaking society.
Treatment simplification in HIV-infected adults as a strategy to prevent toxicity, improve adherence, quality of life and decrease healthcare costs

Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become more potent and better tolerated. While the current treatment regimens still have limitations, they are more effective, more convenient, and less toxic than regimens used in the early HAART era, and new agents, formulations and strategies continue to be developed. Simplification of therapy is an option for many patients currently being treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). The main goals are to reduce pill burden, improve quality of life and enhance medication adherence, while minimizing short- and long-term toxicities, reducing the risk of virologic failure and maximizing cost-effectiveness. ART simplification strategies that are currently used or are under study include the use of once-daily regimens, less toxic drugs, fixed-dose coformulations and induction-maintenance approaches. Improved adherence and persistence have been observed with the adoption of some of these strategies. The role of regimen simplification has implications not only for individual patients, but also for health care policy. With increased interest in ART regimen simplification, it is critical to study not only implications for individual tolerability, toxicity, adherence, persistence and virologic efficacy, but also cost, scalability, and potential for dissemination and implementation, such that limited human and financial resources are optimally allocated for maximal efficiency, coverage and sustainability of global HIV/AIDS treatment.
2016 Ieee International Conference on Big Data (big Data) Empirical Evaluations of Preprocessing Parameters' Impact on Predictive Coding's Effectiveness

– Predictive coding, once used in only a small fraction of legal and business matters, is now widely deployed to quickly cull through increasingly vast amounts of data and reduce the need for costly and inefficient human document review. Previously, the sole front-end input used to create a predictive model was the exemplar documents (training data) chosen by subject-matter experts. Many predictive coding tools require users to rely on static preprocessing parameters and a single machine learning algorithm to develop the predictive model. Little research has been published discussing the impact preprocessing parameters and learning algorithms have on the effectiveness of the technology. A deeper dive into the generation of a predictive model shows that the settings and algorithm can have a strong effect on the accuracy and efficacy of a predictive coding tool. Understanding how these input parameters affect the output will empower legal teams with the information they need to implement predictive coding as efficiently and effectively as possible. This paper outlines different preprocessing parameters and algorithms as applied to multiple real-world data sets to understand the influence of various approaches.
A PRIDE-theory-based analysis of a positive learning environment in a Finnish vocational education and training (VET) institution

The aim of this study was to analyse Finnish students’ perceptions of a positive learning environment. Because of the reform of Finnish vocational education and training (VET) and the recent decrease of students’ well-being, it is important to study how students’ well-being and learning can be enhanced. This study applied the PRIDE theory to describe the positive learning environment. The acronym PRIDE is derived from these words: positive practices, relationship enhancement, individual attributes, dynamic leadership, and emotional well-being. The data was collected with semi-structured student interviews (N=12) from a northern Finnish VET institution. The interviews were analysed with a theory-based content analysis leaning on the PRIDE theory. The research provided important information of the positive learning environment from the students’ perspective, through which learning environments that support students’ well-being and learning can be designed and developed in VET. In addition, the study provided an example of how to use the PRIDE theory for analysing positive learning environments and education.
Tidal volume expandability and ventilatory efficiency as predictors of mortality in Taiwanese male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A 10-year follow-up study – Is V̇O2peak or FEV1% the gold standard?

Despite our knowledge of the risk factors for mortality associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the mortality rate for this condition continues to increase. This study aimed to investigate the predictive power of physiological variables on all-cause mortality in COPD patients compared to peak oxygen uptake ( V˙ O2peak) and forced expired volume in one second (FEV1). We conducted a retrospective study of 182 COPD patients with complete lung function tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and survival data. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality. The median follow-up period was 6.8 (IQR 3.9-9.2) years. Out of the 182 patients in our study, sixty-two (34.1%) succumbed to various causes. Of these, 27.4% (n = 17) experienced acute exacerbations, 24.2% (n = 15) had advanced cancer, and 12.9% (n = 8) had cardiovascular disease as the primary cause of death. Another 25.8% (n = 16) passed away due to other underlying conditions, while 6.5% (n = 4) had an unknown cause of death. One patient's demise was attributed to a benign tumor, and another's to a connective tissue disease. The ratio of tidal volume to total lung capacity (VTpeak/TLC) and the ratio of minute ventilation and V˙ O2 at nadir ( V˙ E/ V˙ O2nadir) (AUR 0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.91) were superior predictors of all-cause mortality compared to V˙ O2peak and FEV1%. A mortality prediction formula was derived using these variables. This study highlights the potential of VTpeak/TLC and V˙ E/ V˙ O2nadir as predictive markers for COPD all-cause mortality in COPD. CPET is an effective tool for evaluating COPD mortality; however, the predictive equation requires further validation.
Systematic review of strategies for rural tourism regeneration in the post-epidemic era-the case of mainland China

This paper aims to summarise the methods of rural tourism revitalization in the post-epidemic period in the existing literature and screen out the strategies suitable for China. The method of subject analysis and the stakeholder theory are adopted as the main approaches to achieve the goal by analysing the methods to help rural tourism development from four dimensions: local government, local community, travel agency, and residents. According to China's conditions and experience from other countries, the paper finally puts forward four strategies for China's rural tourism regernation. Specifically, for the government, the accessible strategies are to provide low-interest loans to tourism practitioners, for communities, it is proper to help scenic spots install disinfection facilities. Considering the travel agencies, to develop Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) programs could help, and residents in rural tourism destinations can participate in the environmental protection to help the revitalisation. The practical significance of this study is mainly to provide theoretical basis for the development direction of rural destinations in China in the post-epidemic period. At the same time, other countries with similar situation to China's rural tourism can also make selective reference. Despite the problems of a single database and neglect of regional differences within China, the research results still have particular value.
On weather and waves : applications to coastal engineering.

Shoreline erosion in response to extreme wave events can be severe. The reduction in beach width leaves development within the hinterland exposed and vulnerable to future wave attack. Wave climates are a fundamental driver of coastal erosion and changes to wave height, direction and period can severely impact a coastline. These changes are directly linked to changes within the principle drivers of wave climates namely synoptic scale atmospheric circulation. The links are complex and if they can be clarified they can be used to provide insight into wave climates and improve the evaluation of future climate scenarios. The coupling between atmospheric circulation and wave climates provides a tool for risk assessment that is strongly based on fundamental physical processes. This study is focused on exploring this relationship and its effect on coastal vulnerability. A statistical classification algorithm is utilized to explore the relationship between synoptic scale circulation patterns and regional wave climates. The algorithm is fully automated and discrete atmospheric patterns are derived through an optimization procedure. It is driven to an optimal solution through statistical links between regional wave climates and atmospheric circulation patterns (CPs). The classification is based on the concept of fuzzy sets and differs from standard classification techniques. It employs a "bottom–up" approach as the classes (or CPs) are derived through a procedure that is guided by the wave climate. In contrast existing classification techniques first explore the atmospheric pressure space while links to the variable of interest are only made post classification. The east coast of South Africa was used as a case study. Wave data off the Durban coastline were utilized to evaluate the drivers of the wave climate. A few dominant patterns are shown to drive extreme wave events. Their persistence and strong high– low coupling drive winds toward the coastline and result in extreme wave events. The sensitivity of the algorithm to key input parameters such as the number of CP classes and temporal resolution of the data was evaluated. The Shannon entropy is introduced to measure the performance of the algorithm. This method benefits from incorporating the link between atmospheric CPs and the wave climate. A new stochastic wave simulation technique was developed that is fundamentally based on the CPs. This technique improves the realism of stochastic models while retaining their simplicity and parsimony relative to process-based models. The simplicity of the technique provides the framework to evaluate coastal vulnerability at site specific locations. Furthermore the technique was extended to evaluate changes in wave behaviour due to climate change effects.
The Accuracy of Flap Thickness and Diameter in LASIK Using a Femtosecond Laser

Purpose To evaluate the resultant thickness of the WaveLight FS200 (Alcon Vision, LLC) created LASIK flap compared to intended thickness at the surgical visit, using the WaveLight EX500 (Alcon Vision, LLC) pachymeter and the resultant flap diameter compared to intended diameter. Methods This single arm, prospective, single surgeon study assessed the accuracy of the intended flap thickness and diameter, after successful bilateral LASIK surgery. The WaveLight FS200 femtosecond laser was used to create all flaps with an intended thickness of 120 μm. Flap thickness was calculated by subtracting the stromal bed thickness after flap lift from the preoperative corneal thickness using the WaveLight EX500 on-board optical pachymeter. Flap diameter was determined using digital analysis. Results A total of 58 subjects (116 eyes) completed the study. The calculated mean flap thickness was 120.6 ± 9.0 μm (range 102 to 143 μm) using the EX500 pre- and post-flap pachymetry measurements. There was no statistically significant difference between the planned and achieved flap thickness (p > 0.05). The mean difference in flap diameter between planned and actual was 0.02 ± 0.05 mm. Corneal thickness measured by Pentacam at up to 2 months preoperatively versus EX500 just prior to surgery was similar, with EX500 measuring 2 μm less on average than the Pentacam. Conclusion The results suggest that the WaveLight FS200 laser is reliable for LASIK flap thickness and diameter and accurately created flaps at the intended thickness and the intended diameter.
Predicting the Knowledge–Recklessness Distinction in the Human Predicting the Knowledge–Recklessness Distinction in the Human Brain Brain

Criminal convictions require proof that a prohibited act was performed in a statutorily specified mental state. Different legal consequences, including greater punishments, are mandated for those who act in a state of knowledge, compared with a state of recklessness. Existing research, however, suggests people have trouble classifying defendants as knowing, rather than reckless, even when instructed on the relevant legal criteria. We used a machine-learning technique on brain imaging data to predict, with high accuracy, which mental state our participants were in. This predictive ability depended on both the magnitude of the risks and the amount of information about those risks possessed by the participants. Our results provide neural evidence of a detectable difference in the mental state of knowledge in contrast to reckless-ness and suggest, as a proof of principle, the possibility of inferring from brain data in which legally relevant category a person belongs. Some potential legal implications of this result are discussed.
Territorial systems and relocation: Insights from eight cases in Japan

This paper investigates the evolution patterns of eight territorial systems in Japan during the period of industry relocation. Multiple case study methodology was applied. Data were collected through interviews with entrepreneurs and local government officials. Based on the findings that reveal adaptation processes in which manufacturing firms are involved, we propose a three-stage evolutionary model to conceptualize the changes that are taking place in Japan's territorial systems. We argue that the transactional relationships are evolving towards more socialized relationships and that these relationships are evolving towards more formalized, knowledge-based innovation networks.
THE EFFECT OF ISLAMIC GOVERNANCE SCORE AND INVESTMENT ACCOUNT HOLDER ON THE DISCLOSURE OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING AT ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic Governance Score (IG-Score) and Investment Account Holder (IAH) on Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) Disclosure. This research was conducted on Islamic banks registered with the Financial Services Authority for the 2016-2020 period and obtained 11 samples of Islamic banks. The method used is the panel data regression analysis method. The results showed that the IG-Score and IAH had an effect on the ISR design. IG-Score has an effect on ISR Disclosure, this shows that the presence of Shariah Supervisory Board (DPS) affects and encourages Islamic banks to carry out or improve ISR performance. IAH has an effect on ISR, in this case IAH determines compliance with Islamic banking principles and the consequences for ISR.
Kajian Perubahan Bioekologi pada Restorasi Ekosistem Mangrove di Segara Anakan Cilacap

Mangroves are coastal ecosystems that have a very large role for humans and ecosystems in the vicinity. Mangrove condition in Indonesia, including in Segara Chicks Cilacap experiencing enormous pressure resulting in damage to the mangrove ecosystem. Mangrove restoration is the process of return of mangrove ecosystems of the conditions are broken into previously conditioned as well. The general objective of this study was 1) determine the conditions and amendments BioEkologi mangrove ecosystem restoration in the area of results Segara Chicks. Specific objectives in the study the first year is to determine: 1) the community structure of mangrove ecosystems (vegetation and fauna associations) at a restoration site in the region Segara Chicks, 2) the spatial variation community mangrove ecosystem in the area of restoration, and 3) the condition of the environmental factors that support the mangrove restoration in the region Segara Chicks. The method used was survey method with the technique of sampling cluster random sampling. The data obtained were analyzed multivatiate covering biodiversity analysis, cluster analysis, multi-dimensional sclae (MDS), and Bio-env using PRIMER-E program. The study shows the restoration of mangrove vegetation in the region have relatively low diversity (H ' 95%.
Novel nitroxoline derivative combating resistant bacterial infections through outer membrane disruption and competitive NDM-1 inhibition

ABSTRACT New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) has rapidly disseminated worldwide, leading to multidrug resistance and worse clinical prognosis. Designing and developing effective NDM-1 inhibitors is a critical and urgent challenge. In this study, we constructed a library of long-lasting nitroxoline derivatives and identified ASN-1733 as a promising dual-functional antibiotic. ASN-1733 can effectively compete for Ca2+ on the bacterial surface, causing the detachment of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), thereby compromising the outer membrane integrity and permeability and exhibiting broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. Moreover, ASN-1733 demonstrated wider therapeutic applications than nitroxoline in mouse sepsis, thigh and mild abdominal infections. Furthermore, ASN-1733 can effectively inhibit the hydrolytic capability of NDM-1 and exhibits synergistic killing effects in combination with meropenem against NDM-1 positive bacteria. Mechanistic studies using enzymatic experiments and computer simulations revealed that ASN-1733 can bind to key residues on Loop10 of NDM-1, hindering substrate entry into the enzyme's active site and achieving potent inhibitory activity (Ki = 0.22 µM), even in the presence of excessive Zn2+. These findings elucidate the antibacterial mechanism of nitroxoline and its derivatives, expand their potential application in the field of antibacterial agents and provide new insights into the development of novel NDM-1 inhibitors.
Improving Eating Habits at the Office: An Umbrella Review of Nutritional Interventions

(1) Workplace nutrition interventions have garnered attention as a pivotal component of employee well-being and organisational productivity. However, the effectiveness of various intervention types remains inconclusive. This review aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy of cognitive, behavioural, and mixed nutrition interventions in the workplace, considering the nuances of intervention design, setting, and target demographics. (2) A comprehensive umbrella review was conducted, categorising the existing literature into person-oriented and environmental strategies. This review was prepared in line with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for umbrella reviews and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reporting standard. (3) The analysis revealed a lack of definitive evidence supporting the universal effectiveness of any single intervention type. Nonetheless, behavioural and mixed interventions demonstrated more favourable outcomes as compared to purely cognitive strategies. Factors such as intervention design, workplace setting, and target group characteristics were identified as significant determinants of the intervention success. (4) The review emphasises the imperative for additional investigations that utilise evidence-based approaches to formulate sound guidelines for efficacious nutrition interventions in occupational settings. This review functions as a foundational framework for guiding both scholarly research and the pragmatic execution of nutrition programs in the workplace.