Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inflammation Control and Tumor Growth Inhibition of Ovarian Cancer by Targeting Adhesion Molecules of E-Selectin

Simple Summary The aim of our study is to use E-selectin-binding peptide (ESBP) to actively recognize E-selectin, so allowing a drug delivery system to actively recognize the cells and inhibit ovarian cancer cells by targeting adhesion molecules of E-selectin. A drug-loaded nanoparticle with a special structure was designed as the drug carrier. Based on the fact that tumors often occur together with inflammation, the drug could be delivered to and more concentrated in ovarian tumor sites as well as tumor-associated inflammatory cells by using this drug-delivery system targeting selectins. Through recognition and binding with E-selectin in ovarian cancer cells and utilizing the steric hindrance effect of macromolecules that nanoparticles possess, paclitaxel was delivered and released, thus inducing ovarian cancer cell apoptosis and cell migration and decreasing myeloid-derived suppressor cells related to drug-resistance in a mouse model. It also had higher drug efficacy, extended the survival of tumor-bearing mice and had relatively lower in vivo toxicity than paclitaxel treatment. All results in this study provided potent proof of its potential to be applied to clinical use. Abstract Objective: The aim is to use E-selectin-binding peptide (ESBP) to actively recognize E-selectin, so allowing a drug delivery system to actively recognize the cells and inhibit the tumor growth of ovarian cancer by targeting adhesion molecules of E-selectin. An ovarian-cancer-directed drug delivery system was designed based on the high affinity of E-selectin-binding peptide (ESBP) to E-selectin. The effects and mechanisms of ESBP-bovine serum albumin (BSA) polymerized nanoparticles were investigated. Methods: BSA polymerized nanoparticles (BSANPs) and ESBP-BSANPs-paclitaxel (PTX) were prepared and their characteristics were measured. The in vitro targetability and cytotoxicity of ESBP-BSANPs-PTX were evaluated through in vitro drug uptake and MTT experiments. The mechanisms of ESBP-BSANPs-PTX were investigated via apoptosis, wound healing and immunohistochemistry assays. The in vivo targeting properties and drug effects were observed in a mouse tumor-bearing model. Results: In vitro experiments revealed an increase in the uptake of ESBP-BSANPs-FITC. The cytotoxicity of ESBP-BSANPs-PTX in A2780/CP70, HUVEC, RAW264.7 and ID8 cells was higher than that of PTX alone. ESBP-BSANPs-PTX increased cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited a greater ability to inhibit cell migration than BSANPs-PTX. In vivo experiments demonstrated the targetability and good effects of ESBP-BSANPs. Conclusions: ESBP-BSANPs-PTX improve PTX targetability, provide tumor-specific and potent therapeutic activities, and show promise for the development of agents in preclinical epithelial ovarian cancer.
An Enhanced Control Chart for Start-Up Processes and Short Runs

Abstract Classic charting procedures are usually designed assuming that process parameters are known or may be estimated using large Phase I samples gathered before a production run. However, in some manufacturing settings, such as during the process start-up, historical data cannot be collected to accurately estimate the in-control process parameters. In this article, we suggest a new self-starting control chart which uses consecutive observations to jointly update the parameter estimates and check for out-of-control conditions. In particular, we introduce a charting procedure, ACUSCORE, that updates the reference pattern of a type-CUSCORE chart using an adaptive EWMA. The proposed control chart seems to outperform traditional self-starting control charts which neglect the dynamic pattern of the mean change.
Lethal and Sublethal Toxicity of Beta-Carboline Alkaloids from Peganum harmala (L.) against Aedes albopictus Larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Plant-derived agents are powerful bio-pesticides for the eco-friendly control of mosquito vectors and other blood-sucking arthropods. The larval toxicity of beta-carboline alkaloids against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions. The total alkaloid extracts (TAEs) and beta-carboline alkaloids (harmaline, harmine, harmalol, and harman) from Peganum harmala seeds were isolated and tested in this bioassay. All alkaloids were tested either individually or as binary mixtures, using the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) and Abbott’s formula analysis. The results revealed considerable toxicity of the tested alkaloids against A. albopictus larvae. When all larval instars were exposed to the TAEs at 48 h post-treatment, the mortality of all larval instars varied in a concentration-dependent manner. The second-instar larvae were the most susceptible to different concentrations of TAEs, and the fourth-instar larvae were more tolerant to TAEs than the second-instar larvae. Especially, the third-instar larvae exposed to all alkaloids also showed that all doses resulted in an increased mortality of the third-instar larvae at 48 h post-treatment, and the toxicities of the tested alkaloids in a descending order were TAEs > harmaline > harmine > harmalol, with the LC50 values of 44.54 ± 2.56, 55.51 ± 3.01, 93.67 ± 4.53, and 117.87 ± 5.61 μg/mL at 48 h post-treatment, respectively. In addition, all compounds were also tested individually or in a 1:1 ratio (dose LC25/LC25) as binary mixtures to assess the synergistic toxicity of these binary combinations against the third-instar larvae at 24 and 48 h post-treatment, respectively. The results demonstrated that when tested as a binary mixture, all compounds (especially TAEs, harmaline, and harmine) showed their synergistic effects, exceeding the toxicity of each compound alone. Interestingly, the obtained data further revealed that the TAEs at sublethal doses (LC10 and LC25) could significantly delay the larval development and decrease the pupation and emergence rates of A. albopictus. This phenomenon could be helpful in order to develop more effective control strategies for different notorious vector mosquitoes.
Some Results on L-Indistinguishability for SL(r)

Fix a positive integer r. Let A F be the ring of adeles of a number field F. For a parabolic subgroup P of SLr, we fix a Levi decomposition P = MN, and we let Let be the Weyl group of . It follows from a recent work of James Arthur [1,2] (also cf. [3]) that, among the terms appearing in the trace formula for SLr(A F), coming from the Eisenstein series, are those which are a constant multiple (depending only on M and w) of 1 where σ is a cusp form on M(A F ) satisfying wσ ≅ σ, and in the notation of [2, 3]).
Timing of Ketogenic Dietary Therapy (KDT) Introduction and Its Impact on Cognitive Profiles in Children with Glut1-DS—A Preliminary Study

The aim of this research was to characterize cognitive abilities in patients with Glut1-Deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) following ketogenic diet therapy (KDT). Methods: The cognitive profiles of eight children were assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WISC-IV). The effect of ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) on individual subareas of intelligence was analyzed considering the potential influence of speech motor impairments. Results: Patients with Glut1DS showed a wide range of cognitive performance levels. Some participants showed statistically and clinically significant discrepancies between individual subdomains of intelligence. Both variables, KDT initiation as well as duration, had a positive effect on the overall IQ score. Significant correlations were partially found between the time of KDT initiation and the level of IQ scores, depending on the presence of expressive language test demands of the respective subtests of the WISC-IV. Accordingly, the participants benefited les in the linguistic cognitive domain. The discrepancies in cognitive performance profiles of patients with Glut1DS can be attributed to the possibility of a negative distortion of the results due to the influence of speech motor impairments. Conclusions: The individual access skills of test persons should be more strongly considered in test procedures for the assessment of intelligence to reduce the negative influence of motor deficits on test performance. Specific characterization and systematization of the speech disorder are indispensable for determining the severity of speech motor impairment in Glut1DS. Therefore, a stronger focus on dysarthria during diagnosis and therapy is necessary.
Model selection consistency of Dantzig selector

: Consistency of model selection hinges on the correlation between signiﬁcant and insigniﬁcant predictors for “large p , small n ” problems. Thus, Ir-representable Conditions play an important role in consistency, that insigniﬁcant predictors are irrepresentable by signiﬁcant ones. In this paper, we provide Ir-representable Conditions when the Dantzig selector is applied; they ensure that the Dantzig selector consistently selects the true model with ﬁxed p and diverging p (number of predictors) even at an exponential rate of n . Our conditions are suﬃcient for a strong sign consistency and Weak Irrepresentable Conditions are necessary for a weak sign consistency. Strong sign consistency leads to the conventional consistency of the estimation. As a by-product, the results also show the diﬀerence between the Dantzig selector and the Lasso when consistency is at issoe. Simulation studies are performed to examine the theoretical results.
Abundance variations within feeding guilds reveal ecological mechanisms behind avian species richness pattern along the elevational gradient of Mount Cameroon

Two distinct diversity patterns are observed along tropical elevations: (a) decreasing number of species toward high elevations and (b) a hump‐shaped pattern with the peak at mid‐elevations. As diversity is likely supported by ecological capacity of the environment, decomposition of the overall richness into ecological facets and considering number of individuals within them is crucial for the proper understanding of richness patterns. We examined abundances of different avian guilds along the forested part of the elevational gradient on Mt. Cameroon. We (a) compared richness and abundance elevational patterns, (b) assessed the effective contribution of multiple guilds to richness and abundance patterns, and (c) assessed to what extent observed abundances of guilds differed from those expected by chance. We sampled birds in 2011–2015 during the dry season at seven elevations (30 m, 350 m, 650 m, 1100 m, 1500 m, 1850 m, 2200 m a.s.l.). For each assemblage, we estimated proportions of species and individuals that use particular diets, foraging modes, and feeding strata. We found that a rather decreasing pattern of species richness turns into a hump‐shaped one if we look at the total abundances, implying different mechanisms behind these patterns. The number of species and individuals thus do not seem to be directly related, contrary to “the more‐individuals hypothesis. ” Abundances of foliage gleaners at mid‐elevations, nectarivores at high elevations, and frugivores at low elevations deviated from random expectations. Our results imply that parts of ecological space are filled separately by bird species and individuals along elevation of Mt. Cameroon.
Extracellular Vesicles of Pseudomonas: Friends and Foes

Extracellular vesicles (Evs) are small spherical vesicles capable of transporting molecules (such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids) from one cell to another. They have been implicated in processes such as cell-to-cell communication, pathogenicity, biofilm formation and metabolism. In parallel, Evs have been proposed as interesting biotechnological tools. In recent years, antibiotic resistance has become a major problem for human health worldwide. A pathogen singled out as among the most lethal antibiotic-resistant organisms is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important Gram-negative bacterium that has been extensively studied for the production and characterization of Evs. Here, we describe the advances made in the last decade regarding understanding of the role of Evs in the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas. We also examine the potential of Evs for the development of new treatment strategies.
Cloud Radar Observations of Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability in a Florida Anvil

Tropical anvils are frequently considered to be wellmixed layers (Lilly 1988), with radiative cooling at cloud top providing the mixing mechanism (Ackerman et al. 1988). Contrary to this assumption, after dusk on 21 July 2002, a vertically pointing radar at the KendallTamiami Airport in Miami, Florida, detected persistent shear instability, also known as Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, in a convective outflow anvil. To our knowledge, the observations presented in this paper are the first documented large-amplitude, embedded Kelvin– Helmholtz billows inside a tropical anvil and point to a distinct layering in the anvil. Radar has been used before to detect shear instability in the atmosphere. The early work of Gossard and Richter (1970) and Gossard et al. (1971) described the detailed structures of shear instability in clear air using a vertically pointing, frequency-modulated, continuouswave radar system operating at a wavelength of 100 mm. Browning (1971) conducted radar observations of shear instability in the United Kingdom and documented numerous episodes, mostly in clear-air turbulence near the jet stream. This phenomenon also occurs in clouds; for example, Weckworth and Wakimoto (1992), Martner and Ralph (1993), and Chapman and Browning (1997) captured radar imagery of Kelvin–Helmholtz billows in clouds associated with strong shear situations. In either case, a distinct interlaced double-sinusoidal structure first described by Kelvin (1880) characterizes this type of instability and allows for easy identification.
Activated Carbon-Enriched Electrospun-Produced Scaffolds for Drug Delivery/Release in Biological Systems

To vectorize drug delivery from electrospun-produced scaffolds, we introduce a thin outer drug retention layer produced by electrospinning from activated carbon nanoparticles (ACNs)-enriched polycaprolacton (PCL) suspension. Homogeneous or coaxial fibers filled with ACNs were produced by electrospinning from different PCL-based suspensions. Stable ACN suspensions were selected by sorting through solvents, stabilizers and auxiliary components. The ACN-enriched scaffolds produced were characterized for fiber diameter, porosity, pore size and mechanical properties. The scaffold structure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that ACNs were mainly coated with a polymer layer for both homogeneous and coaxial fibers. Drug binding and release from the scaffolds were tested using tritium-labeled sirolimus. We showed that the kinetics of sirolimus binding/release by ACN-enriched scaffolds was determined by the fiber composition and differed from that obtained with a free ACN. ACN-enriched scaffolds with coaxial and homogeneous fibers had a biocompatibility close to scaffold-free AC, as was shown by the cultivation of human gingival fibroblasts and umbilical vein cells on scaffolds. The data obtained demonstrated that ACN-enriched scaffolds had good physico-chemical properties and biocompatibility and, thus, could be used as a retaining layer for vectored drug delivery.
Thermo-fluid Dynamic Theory of Two-Phase Flow

M Ishii Paris: Eyrolles 1975 pp xxix + 248 price 83F (paperback) This book sets up the rigorous theoretical foundations for describing such diverse two phase flow probems as are associated with systems connected with power generation, heat transfer, transport, lubrication, information, environmental control, etc. The complete set of local laws and appropriate boundary conditions are clearly expounded, and one third of the work deals with the practical importance and unifying power of the time-average operator in making contact with macroscopic models.
Energy and particle balance during plasma detachment in a long-leg divertor configuration

Comprehensive studies of energy and particle balances in the transition to plasma detachment in an alternative divertor configuration with long outer legs are shown. Numerical simulations are performed with the 2D code suite SOLPS 4.3, using a disconnected double null grid with narrow, tightly baffled long poloidal leg divertors at the outer lower target and outer upper target. A particle count scan is performed using the ‘closed gas box’ model, where the tunable parameter in the simulations is the total number of deuterium particles in the simulation space and all other parameters are held fixed, including a constant input power and trace neon impurity radiation, to assess the physics of the transition to detachment in the system as the particle count increases. Three main aspects of the physics of divertor detachment are addressed: the criteria for the local onset of divertor detachment in each of the divertors, the distribution of heat flux and other plasma parameters between the four divertors as each divertor transitions to detachment, and the role of perpendicular transport in the transition to the detached regime. A synergistic mechanism by which the cross-field transport is reduced by factors associated with the onset of plasma recombination effects is identified. These results are compared to the existing understanding of the physics of the transition to plasma detachment in standard divertors.
Bayesian quantile regression for semiparametric models.

Quantile regression (Koenker and Bassett, 1978) has recently received a great deal of attention in both theoretical and empirical research. It can uncover different structural relationships between covariates and responses at the upper or lower tail, which is sometimes of significant interest in econometrics, educational and medicine applications. The methodologies of quantile regression for linear models have been well developed in both frequentist and Bayesian contexts. However, there has been relatively less work focusing on quantile regression for nonparametric models or semiparametric models, especially from a Bayesian perspective. The principal goal of this work is to propose efficient approaches to implement Bayesian quantile regression with two kinds of semiparametric modes, single-index models and partially linear additive models, using an asymmetric Laplace distribution which provides a mechanism for Bayesian inference of quantile regression. With carefully selected priors, we build hierarchical Bayesian models and design effective Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for posterior inference. We compare the proposed methods with some existing methods through simulation studies and real data applications.
EBV and Lymphomagenesis

Simple Summary Epstein–Barr virus is a highly prevalent virus associated with a multitude of diseases, including autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis and many types of cancer. As such, it is imperative to have a foundational understanding of this virus. This review discusses the contribution of the Epstein–Barr virus to key hematologic malignancies with a focus on the roles of latent proteins, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, NK/T-cell lymphoma, and primary CNS lymphoma. It then provides a brief overview of treatment for each of these diseases. Abstract The clinical significance of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) cannot be understated. Not only does it infect approximately 90% of the world’s population, but it is also associated with numerous pathologies. Diseases linked to this virus include hematologic malignancies such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, primary CNS lymphoma, and NK/T-cell lymphoma, epithelial malignancies such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric cancer, autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Graves’ disease, and lupus. While treatment for these disease states is ever evolving, much work remains to more fully elucidate the relationship between EBV, its associated disease states, and their treatments. This paper begins with an overview of EBV latency and latency-associated proteins. It will then review EBV’s contributions to select hematologic malignancies with a focus on the contribution of latent proteins as well as their associated management.
From a continuous thermal profile to a stepped one: The effect of run of river hydropower plants on the river thermal regime

Both reservoirs and run of river power plants affect the thermal regime of rivers but despite the higher number of the latter few studies have focused on their effect. In this study, we investigated the water thermal regime of Serio River (Northern Italy), a subalpine river regulated by a reservoir and characterized by a cascade system of run of river power plants. Water temperature has been monitored continuously for more than 4 years at the extremes of 4 stretches subjected to water diversion and thermal alterations have been quantified. Our results show that hydroelectric power plants act locally causing a considerable thermal alteration that increases with the distance from the diversion weir. Indeed, within the by‐passed stretch, the rate of warming doubles the natural gradient (0.47°C/km vs. 0.19°C/km annually) with peaks in summer (0.73–0.90°C/km on average). By contrast, the run of river power plants keep the water temperature almost constant in the diversion channels. Thus, a cascade system of run of river plants shifts the overall riverine thermal regime from a continuous to a “stepped” longitudinal profile. Results highlight that the thermal effects of run of rivers plants are not negligible and should be considered and monitored continuously. Since there are thousands of hydropower plants powered by flowing waters it is time to consider their thermal impacts in environmental flow policies and bioassessment programs.
Photoelectron angular distributions in bichromatic atomic ionization induced by circularly polarized VUV femtosecond pulses

We investigate two-pathway interferences between nonresonant one-photon and resonant two-photon ionization of atomic hydrogen. In particular, we analyze in detail the photoionization medi-ated by the fundamental frequency and the second harmonic of a femtosecond VUV pulse when the fundamental is tuned near an intermediate atomic state. Following our recent study [Phys. Rev. A 91 , 063418 (2015)] of such eﬀects with linearly polarized light, we analyze a similar situation with circularly polarized radiation. As a consequence of the richer structure in circularly polarized light, characterized by its right-handed or left-handed helicity, we present and discuss various important features associated with the photoelectron angular distribution.
Estimation de la variance d'un processus de diffusion dans le cas multidimensionnel

Soit dX t =b(X t )dt+σ(X t )dB t un modele de diffusion dans R n ou b et σ sond deux fonctions inconnues et ou B est un brownien multidimensionnel. On etudie la convergence en probabilite d'un estimateur du produit σ t σ de σ par sa transposee, notee t σ, construit a partir d'une observation discretisee de X