Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

Analysis of studies investig ating mood-state ± dependent retrieval identi ® es m ethodological problems that may have contributed to the controversy surrounding the reliability of the effectÐ in particular, the possible confounding of encoding and retrieval in previous stud ies. Five experiments are reported investigating the effects of mood on learning and recall. M ood -state ± dependent retrieval was observed in Experiment 1a (using Velten ’ s M ood Induction Procedure); Experiment 1b (using a music M IP); and Experiment 1c (using Velten’ s M IP at encoding and a music M IP at retrieval). Subjects who learned and recalled in different m oods had signi® cantly g reater decrements in recall than did subjects in the same moods. Experiments 2 and 3 investigated the effect of observable retrieval cues on moodstate ± dependent retrieval. In Experim ent 2, the pre sence of observable retrieval cues at recall overrode sta te-dependent retrieval. In Experiment 3, by manipulating the presence or absence of observable cues at recall, both the occurrence and the erasu re of the mood-state dependency was demonstrated. M ood state during learning and cued recall was also shown to affect performance in a third session under conditons of free recall.
Does partner selection mediate the relationship between school attendance and HIV/HSV-2 among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa: An analysis of HPTN 068 data

Objective— School attendance prevents HIV and HSV-2 in adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) but the mechanisms to explain this relationship remain unclear. Our study assesses the extent to which characteristics of sex partners, partner age and number, mediate the relationship between attendance and risk of infection in AGYW in South Africa. Design— We use longitudinal data from the HPTN 068 randomized controlled trial in rural South Africa where girls were enrolled in early adolescence and followed in the main trial for over three years. We examined older partners and number of partners as possible mediators. Methods— We use the parametric g-formula to estimate 4-year risk differences for the effect of school attendance on cumulative incidence of HIV/HSV-2 overall and the controlled direct effect (CDE) for mediation. We examined mediation separately and jointly for the mediators of interest. Results— We found that young women with high attendance in school had a lower cumulative incidence of HIV compared to those with low attendance (risk difference=-1.6%). Partner age difference (CDE=-1.2%) and number of partners (CDE=-0.4%) mediated a large portion of this effect. In fact, when we accounted for the mediators jointly, the effect of schooling on HIV was almost removed showing full mediation (CDE= −0.3%). The same patterns were observed for the relationship between school attendance and cumulative incidence of HSV-2 infection. Conclusion— Increasing school attendance reduces risk of acquiring HIV and HSV-2. Our results indicate the importance of school attendance in reducing partner number and partner age difference in this relationship.
Spatial and seasonal trends of atmospheric PCBs in urban areas captured by passive sampling

The overall hypothesis of this research is that the use of passive samplers is an effective method to measure spatial and seasonal trends of atmospheric PCBs in an urban environment. In support of this, I extracted, analyzed and quantified congener specific concentrations from over 200 passive samples and over 200 active sampler, or Hi-Vols. I studied best practices for the use of methods to derive R-values and the application of R-values on mass accumulated on passive samplers for both indoor and outdoor air and found that indoor air uptake of PCBs was consistent over time and at different locations. I suggest that depuration compounds be used for outdoor sampling when using passive samplers for the most accurate measurement of effective sampling volume. I then applied these practices to passive samplers deployed in two major cities along the Great Lakes, Cleveland and Chicago. I found that these cities had different concentrations as well as different congener profiles. I compared toxicological equivalencies (TEQ) of the WHO dioxin-like PCBs between the two cities and discovered that although Cleveland had higher total PCB concentrations, it had a lower TEQ. I then compared spatial distributions and temporal trends between Hi-Vols and passive samplers and found that passive samplers were accurate at collecting spatial and seasonal trends when compared to Hi-vols, and were consistent at identifying hot-spots of atmospheric PCBs in Chicago. Finally, I developed an instrumental method to identify and quantify OH-PCBs from environmental samples to be used in future research involving the fate of atmospheric PCBs. Abstract Approved: ____________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________ Title and Department ____________________________________ DateApproved: ____________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________ Title and Department ____________________________________ Date SPATIAL AND SEASONAL TRENDS OF ATMOSPHERIC PCBS IN URBAN AREAS CAPTURED BY PASSIVE SAMPLING by Carolyn Lee Persoon A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering in the Graduate College of The University of Iowa
Top Coefficients of the Denumerant

For a given sequence $\alpha = [\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\ldots , \alpha_N, \alpha_{N+1}]$ of $N+1$ positive integers, we consider the combinatorial function $E(\alpha)(t)$ that counts the nonnegative integer solutions of the equation $\alpha_1x_1+\alpha_2 x_2+ \ldots+ \alpha_Nx_N+ \alpha_{N+1}x_{N+1}=t$, where the right-hand side $t$ is a varying nonnegative integer. It is well-known that $E(\alpha)(t)$ is a quasipolynomial function of $t$ of degree $N$. In combinatorial number theory this function is known as the $\textit{denumerant}$. Our main result is a new algorithm that, for every fixed number $k$, computes in polynomial time the highest $k+1$ coefficients of the quasi-polynomial $E(\alpha)(t)$ as step polynomials of $t$. Our algorithm is a consequence of a nice poset structure on the poles of the associated rational generating function for $E(\alpha)(t)$ and the geometric reinterpretation of some rational generating functions in terms of lattice points in polyhedral cones. Experiments using a $\texttt{MAPLE}$ implementation will be posted separately.
Emigration from Latvia: Recent trends and economic impact

This chapter examines the substantial outflows of population from Latvia since 2000, which has major implications for the demography and development of Latvia as well as its social security system. Different statistical sources are described and compared. The chapter examines the characteristics of emigrants relative to the resident population, in terms of education, age, employment experience and income. The chapter examines the relationship between growth and emigration, as well as emigration potential, exploring the role of non-economic factors. The changing characteristics of emigrants from Latvia are discussed. The current and future impact of emigration on the labour market is examined. The chapter concludes by indicating some means for alleviating negative impact.
Rapid Updating and Improvement of Airborne LIDAR DEMs Through Ground-Based SfM 3-D Modeling of Volcanic

The Adam-Gibbs theory provides a robust connection between the transport or relaxation properties of melts and their thermochemical properties. In its expanded form: the equation has adjustable unknown parameters A , B and Sc(Tg) which can be estimated from experimental estimates of configurational heat capacity ( Cpc ), glass transition temperature ( Tg ) and viscosity ( ) . Here, we use recently published datasets for anhydrous and hydrous silicate melts and glasses (N~50) for which there are measurements of log and calorimetric measurements of Cpc and Tg . Our fitting strategy follows the approach developed by previous workers with the sole exception that we assume all silicate melts converge to a common, but unknown, high temperature limit to melt viscosity (e
Diagnostic utility of closed needle pleural biopsy in exudative pleural effusions

Abstract Background Exudative pleural effusions are often challenging, and on many occasions remain undiagnosed. Hence, a blind closed needle pleural biopsy (CNPB) is extremely relevant against this background. Methods We conducted a prospective study, in which a CNPB using a Cope’s needle was done in patients with exudative pleural effusion. Data were analysed using SPSS software. Results Our study included 250 patients, of which 140 (56%) were males and 110 (44%) female. 218 (87.2%) had tubercular effusion 22 (8.8%) had effusion secondary to malignancy, 8 (3.2%) had synpneumonic effusions, and 1 (0.4%) each had effusion secondary to pancreatitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). AFB culture was positive in 50 (22.4%) on pleural fluid, as compared to 209 (87%) on pleural biopsy. CBNAAT detected MTB in 34 (14%) on pleural fluid as compared to 72 (28.8%) on pleural biopsy. Caseous granuloma was found in 184 (73.6%). The sensitivity for AFB culture using CNPB tissue and pleural fluid was 95.8% and 22.5%, respectively (P < 0.05). Drug susceptibility testing (DST) done on pleural tissue divided our patients as drug sensitive 182 (87%), MDR 13 (6.2%), preXDR 12 (5.7%), and XDR TB 2 (0.9%). For malignancy, sensitivity of pleural fluid and pleural biopsy was 9% and 63%, respectively (P < 0.05). Major complications of the procedure were pain in 25 (10%), pneumothorax in 15 (6%), and haematoma in 8 (3%). Of the patients who developed pneumothorax, only one patient required intervention with an intercostal drain, and the rest resolved spontaneously. Conclusion CNPB is an easy, quick, cost-effective, and reliable method that can be used for diagnosing exudative pleural effusions of indeterminate aetiology in the out-patient setting.
Assessing a precise gPTP simulator with IEEE802.1AS hardware measurements

—TSN (Time Sensitive Networking) standards are arousing growing interest in the critical on-board network community because of their promise of deterministic Ethernet networking. Among these standards IEEE802.1AS allows the synchronization of network devices. This protocol achieves much greater precision than other Ethernet synchronization standard such as NTP or PTP. Thus, it paves the way for new network mechanisms, such as the Time Aware Shaper, and allows the use of applications that are more constrained in terms of synchronization. In order to study the new mechanisms allowing to reach this precision, precise simulations are mandatory. In this paper, we review the different existing tools, extend the most promising one to incorporate the most advanced features of IEEE802.1AS and assess its behavior with respect to measurements. More specifically, we extend an OMNeT++ simulation library, calibrate its results following an extensive measurement campaign of switched Ethernet devices supporting IEEE 802.1AS to assess its performance in terms of precision.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia natural history and evolution in the airways of adults with cystic fibrosis

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen infecting person with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) and portends a worse prognosis. Studies of S. maltophilia infection dynamics have been limited by cohort size and follow-up. We investigated the natural history, transmission potential, and evolution of S. maltophilia in a large Canadian cohort of pwCF over a thirty-seven year period. S. maltophilia was recovered at least once in 25.5% of the cohort. Yearly isolates from 74 pwCF (23%) were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and shared pulsotypes underwent whole-genome sequencing. Most pwCF were infected by unique strains, but serial infections with different strains, and strains shared between patients, were observed. In chronic carriage, longer time periods between positive collection dates increased the likelihood that subsequent isolates were unrelated. Isolates from individual pwCF were largely clonal, with genetic diversity driven by gene content differences. Disproportionate progression of CF lung disease was not observed amongst those infected with multiple strains over time (versus a single) or amongst those with shared clones (versus strains only infecting one patient). We did not observe evidence of patient-to-patient transmission despite relatedness between isolates. Instead, genomic analyses suggested common, indirect sources as their origins. Sixteen multi-mutated genes were identified as having a potential role in adaptation of S. maltophilia to CF, including in a regulator of an efflux pump and in an iron acquisition gene cluster. The information derived from a genomics-based understanding of the natural history of S. maltophilia infection within CF provides unique insight into its potential for in-host evolution.
Changes in Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Perfusion Following Different Degrees of Cold-Water Immersion Changes in Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Perfusion Following Different Degrees of Cold-Water Immersion. Journal of Applied

We examined the influence of graded cold-water immersion (CWI) on global and regional 30 quadriceps muscle perfusion using positron emission tomography (PET) and [ 15 O]H 2 O. In 31 thirty healthy males (33±8 yrs; 81±10 kg; 184±5 cm; percentage body fat: 13±5%; V̇O 2peak : 32 47±8 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 ) quadriceps perfusion, thigh and calf cutaneous vascular conductance 33 (CVC), intestinal, muscle and local skin temperatures, thermal comfort, mean arterial pressure 34 and heart rate were assessed prior to and following 10-min of CWI at 8°C, 15°C or 22°C. 35 Global quadriceps perfusion did not change beyond a clinically relevant threshold (0.75 36 mL∙100g∙min -1 ) in any condition, and was similar between conditions [range of the differences 37 (95% confidence interval [CI]); 0.1 mL∙100g∙min -1 (-0.9 to 1.2 mL∙100g∙min -1 ) to 0.9 38 mL∙100g∙min -1 (-0.2 to 1.9 mL∙100g∙min -1 )]. Muscle perfusion was greater in vastus 39 intermedius (VI) compared with vastus lateralis (VL) (2.2 mL∙100g∙min -1 ; 95%CI 1.5 to 3.0 40 mL∙100g∙min -1 ) and rectus femoris (RF) (2.2 mL∙100g∙min -1 ; 1.4 to 2.9 mL∙100g∙min -1 ). A 41 clinically relevant increase in VI muscle perfusion after immersion at 8°C and a decrease in 42 RF muscle perfusion at 15°C were observed. A clinically relevant increase in perfusion was 43 observed in the VI in 8°C compared with 22°C water (2.3 mL∙100g∙min -1 ; 1.1 to 3.5 44 mL∙100g∙min -1 ). There were no clinically relevant between-condition differences in thigh CVC. 45 Our findings suggest that CWI (8-22°C) does not reduce global quadriceps muscle perfusion 46 to a clinically relevant extent, however, colder-water (8°C) increases deep muscle perfusion 47 and reduces (15°C) superficial muscle (RF) perfusion in the quadriceps muscle. Using positron emission tomography, we report for the first time, muscle perfusion heterogeneity in the quadriceps femoris in response to different degrees of cold-water immersion (CWI). Noxious CWI temperatures (8°C) increases perfusion in the deep quadriceps 56 muscle whilst superficial quadriceps muscle perfusion is reduced in cooler (15°C) water. Therefore, these data have important implications for the selection of CWI approaches used in 58 the treatment of soft tissue injury, while also increasing our understanding of the potential mechanisms underpinning CWI.
Identification of Residues in the C 4 Domain of Polymeric IgM Essential for Interaction with Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1)

The binding of nonspecific human IgM to the surface of infected erythrocytes is important in rosetting, a major virulence factor in the pathogenesis of severe malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum, and IgM binding has also been implicated in placental malaria. Herein we have identified the IgM-binding parasite ligand from a virulent P. falciparum strain as PfEMP1 (TM284var1 variant), and localized the region within this PfEMP1 variant that binds IgM (DBL4 domain). We have used this parasite IgM-binding protein to investigate the interaction with human IgM. Interaction studies with domain-swapped Abs, IgM mutants, and anti-IgM mAbs showed that PfEMP1 binds to the Fc portion of the human IgM H chain and requires the IgM C 4 domain. Polymerization of IgM was shown to be crucial for the interaction because PfEMP1 binding did not occur with mutant monomeric IgM molecules. These results with PfEMP1 protein have physiological relevance because infected erythrocytes from strain TM284 and four other IgM-binding P. falciparum strains showed analogous results to those seen with the DBL4 domain. Detailed investigation of the PfEMP1 binding site on IgM showed that some of the critical amino acids in the IgM C 4 domain are equivalent to those regions of IgG and IgA recognized by Fc-binding proteins from bacteria, suggesting that this region of Ig molecules may be of major functional significance in host-microbe interactions. We have therefore shown that PfEMP1 is an Fc-binding protein of malaria parasites specific for polymeric human IgM, and that it shows functional similarities with Fc-binding proteins from pathogenic bacteria. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 181: 1988 –2000.
The Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices with Sustainable and Operational Performance: A Conceptual Model

: Although wide ranges of studies are available on manufacturing sustainable performance issues, literature on Green Human Resources Management (GHRM) practices and their impact on manufacturers’ sustainable and operational performances is scare. This study aims at identifying GHRM practices and to assess their impact on sustainable and operational performance. This current study adopted systematic literature and content analysis approach for the development of a conceptual model. It has been found that most influencing GHRM practices are green recruitment and selection, green training, green performance evaluation, and a green reward system. The uniqueness of this study is the evaluation of the GHRM practices with sustainable and operational performance in a single study. Moreover, the paper highlights that manufacturing organizations must focus on GHRM practices to deliver enhanced sustainable performance besides operational performance to achieve competitive advantage. For future studies, there is a need to empirically verify the proposed conceptual model presented in this paper.
Moral Injury: Examining the Role of Meaning Making in Veterans

Moral injury is a transdiagnostic process that spans a collection of symptoms similar to PTSD (Litz et al., 2009). Many veterans develop PTSD symptoms following exposure to potentially morally injurious events (pMIE) occurring in the context of war (e.g., killing an enemy combatant or accidentally killing a civilian; (Currier, Holland, & Malott, 2014; Litz et al., 2009; Purcell, Koenig, Bosch & Maguen, 2016). The potential mediating and moderating variables between moral injury and PTSD may also contribute to pMIE-related PTSD symptoms being overlooked and left untreated (Litz et al., 2009). Furthermore, while extensive research has been conducted on coping and coping processes, the role of meaning making as it pertains to the relationship of moral injury and PTSD has yet to be determined. Specifically, some theories of coping describe a process of meaning-making that impacts both global beliefs (e.g., beliefs about the world) and more specific negative appraisals of a traumatic event (e.g., this event impacted my ability to have meaningful relationships). Approximately 256 veterans or active military service members were recruited using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to participate in an online survey. A cross-sectional and correlational design was implemented to examine the relationships among pMIE, moral injury, PTSD, global meaning, and negative situational appraisal. Results indicated that moral injury fully mediated the relationship between pMIE and PTSD symptoms. Further, results indicated that global meaning partially mediated the relationship between pMIE and moral injury while negative situational appraisals were not a significant moderator of that mediation. INDEX WORDS: Moral injury, Meaning making, Coping, Global meaning, Situational appraisals MORAL INJURY: EXAMINING THE ROLE OF MEANING MAKING by KATELYN MCCREIGHT B.S., Illinois College, 2012 M.A., Western Carolina University, 2015 M.S., Georgia Southern University, 2019 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PSYCHOLOGY
LIFE EXPECTANCY, PUBLIC HEALTH SPENDING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: A VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE (VAR) MODEL

The main focus of this study is to empirically analyze the relationship existing among life expectancy, public health spending and economic growth in Nigeria. A vector Autoregressive (VAR) model approach was employed in analyzing the data. The results of the study revealed that there is no bidirectional causality between life expectancy and public health spending in Nigeria. In the same vein, the study also revealed that there is no bidirectional causality between life expectancy and economic growth in Nigeria over the years. However, the study confirmed that there is bidirectional causality between public health spending and economic growth in Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that for Nigeria to experience a sustainable economic growth, it has become imperative for her to put in place measures that would boost the life expectancy of her citizenry by increasing her public health spending as this will serve as a panacea for her economic backwardness.
Regional Impacts of a Program for Private Forest Carbon Offset Sales

Policymakers are examining a wide range of alternatives for climate change mitigation, including carbon offset sales programs, to enhance sequestration in the forest sector. Under an offset sales program, on-the-ground forestry could change as a result of both afforestation and modifications in the management of existing forests. These effects could vary markedly by region in the United States because of differences in areas of agricultural land suitable for afforestation, forest carbon and volume growth characteristics, the structure of landownership, and forest industry concentration. Using a dynamic model of North American markets, our analysis of alternative carbon price levels suggests that the largest carbon increment response would come from changes in forest management: extending rotations, shifting silvicultural regimes, and reforestation to hardwood forest types (in some regions). Carbon payments could also stimulate a substantial afforestation response in eastern regions (North and South). Afforestation is particularly important in the North where timberland area could expand markedly. Much of the area would be planted to hardwoods, stemming the projected decline in hardwood forest types and growing stock volume.