Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reexamining the Circumplex Model of Affect

The circumplex model of affect has been among the most widely studied representations of affect. Despite the considerable evidence cited in support of it, methods typically used to evaluate the model have substantial limitations. In this article, the authors attempt to correct past limitations by using a covariance structure model specifically designed to assess circumplex structure. This model was fit to 47 individual correlation matrices from published data sets. Analyses revealed that model fit was typically acceptable and that opposing affective states usually demonstrated strong negative correlations with one another. However, analyses also indicated substantial variability in both model fit and correlations among opposing affective states and suggested several characteristics of studies that partially accounted for this variability. Detailed examination of the locations of affective states for 10 of the correlation matrices with relatively optimal characteristics provided mixed support for the model.
The comparative dose-response effects of melatonin and midazolam for premedication of adult patients: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.

UNLABELLED We designed this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to compare the perioperative effects of different doses of melatonin and midazolam. Doses of 0.05, 0.1, or 0. 2 mg/kg sublingual midazolam or melatonin or placebo were given to 84 women, approximately 100 min before a standard anesthetic. Sedation, anxiety, and orientation were quantified before, 10, 30, 60, and 90 min after premedication, and 15, 30, 60, and 90 min after admission to the recovery room. Psychomotor performance of the patient was evaluated at these times also, by using the digit-symbol substitution test and Trieger dot test. Patients who received premedication with either midazolam or melatonin had a significant decrease in anxiety levels and increase in levels of sedation preoperatively compared with control subjects. Patients in the three midazolam groups experienced significant psychomotor impairment in the preoperative period compared with melatonin or placebo. After operation, patients who received 0.2 mg/kg midazolam premedication had increased levels of sedation at 90 min compared with 0.05 and 0. 1 mg/kg melatonin groups. In addition, patients in the three midazolam groups had impairment of performance on the digit-symbol substitution test at all times compared with the 0.05 mg/kg melatonin group. Premedication with 0.05 mg/kg melatonin was associated with preoperative anxiolysis and sedation without impairment of cognitive and psychomotor skills or affecting the quality of recovery. IMPLICATIONS Premedication with 0.05 mg/kg melatonin was associated with preoperative anxiolysis and sedation without impairment of cognitive and psychomotor skills or affecting the quality of recovery.
SERTOLI CELL DEFFICIENCY AND DAILY SPERM PRODUCTION IN GOATS (CAPRA HIRCUS)

Although the goat is an economically important domestic mammal, there are very few data available in the literature for male reproductive biology in this species, mainly data related to testis morphometry obtained with high-quality light microscopy. Work recently developed in our laboratory found that the duration of the seminiferous epithelium cycle in goats is 10.6 days (Franca et al., 1999), and this finding allowed, for the first time, to estimate precisely the daily sperm production per gram of testis (spermatogenic efficiency) in this species and to compare this parameter with other mammalian species. Four sexuallymature Alpine bucks (Capra hircus; 25.3 ± 1.0 months of age and 59.3 ± 5.4kg of body weight) were utilized composing an homogeneous group.The mean testis weight in goats was 101g and the values found for seminiferous tubule and Leydig cell volume density (%) in goats were ~88% and ~1.5%, respectively. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter was 237µm, whereas the tubular length per testis and per testis gram was 1,829 meters and 20 meters, respectively. The number of round spermatids per pachytene primary spermatocytes (meiotic index) was 2.8, showing that, from the theoretical number of spermatids expected, 30% of cell loss occurred during the two meiotic divisions. The total number of germ cells and the number of round spermatids per Sertoli cell nucleolus (Sertoli cell efficiency) at stage 1 of the cycle were 24 and 15.4, respectively. This Sertoli cell support capacity is the highest among the domestic mammals species investigated. The Leydig cell volume was approximately 780µm 3 and the nucleus volume 170µm 3 . Both Leydig and Sertoli cells number per gram of testis were ~20 million, and the daily sperm production per gram of testis in goats (efficiency of spermatogenesis) was ~30 million. Several important parameters related to testis function such as the number of Sertoli cells per testis and sperm production, correlated with the volume occupied by blood vessels. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that mainly due to high Sertoli cell efficiency and seminiferous tubule volume density, spermatogenic efficiency in goats is the highest among the domestic mammals already investigated.
Novel dialkylaminoalkyl- and dialkylaminoalcoxy-benzophenones as polymerization photoinitiators. II. Photocalorimetric study on photoinitiated polymerization of butyl and lauryl acrylates

A photocalorimetric study of butyl and lauryl acrylates (BA and LA) polymerization photoinitiated by several benzophenone derivatives is reported. Molecular weight measurements and end-chain group analysis of the samples are also described and the results are compared with those obtained by dilatometric technique. The role played by the long methylene chain in lauryl acrylate is discussed
Strength of Undisturbed versus Reconstituted Silt and Silty Sand Specimens

The differences in undrained stress-strain-strength behavior between “undisturbed” and reconstituted silt and silty sand specimens tested at the same void ratio and initial stress state may be dramatic. In all tests reported herein the undisturbed specimens showed dilative and ductile behavior, whereas in all but a very few cases the accompanying reconstituted specimens at the same (or lower) density showed contraction, much lower undrained strength, and brittle behavior. The test series included samples from a natural fluvial silt deposit as well as from silty sand hydraulically placed in a tailings dam. When reconstituting specimens for laboratory testing, it is not sufficient to only satisfy the criteria of correct density and grain size distribution, but somehow the same fabric also must be reproduced. Otherwise, deformation and stability analyses based on the results of reconstituted specimens, or on in situ tests calibrated against such results, may be misleading. Most of the reconstituted specimens.
Morphology of seed germination and haustorium formation in Cistanche deserticola

Object The process of seed germination and haustorium formation in Cistanche deserticola Y C Ma was observed Methods Seeds were inoculated on culture medium, the process of seed germination and haustorium formation were observed using light and electron microscopy Results The seedling sprouted after two weeks, then a tube like organ formed, finally the apex expanded to attachment organ The outer papillar surface of the extended apex bears wall protuberances that are encircled with a thick cuticular belt and covered with a thin cuticle Conclusion The seed germination of C deserticola is single pole of racidle The attachment organ adheres host first
EFFICIENCY OF ECHINACEA PURPUREA L. ON TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN SERUM OF BROILER CHICKS

This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of dried aerial part powder of Echinacea purpurea (EP) in comparison with an antibiotic (flavofosfolipol) on total antioxidant activity (AOA) in serum of broiler chicks. In this trial 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to the 4 treatment groups, each with 4 replicates with 12 broilers. The 4 treatments were as follows: 1. Basal diet (control); 2.Basal diet + antibiotic (4.5 mg flavofosfolipol/kg diet); 3. Basal diet + dried aerial part powder of EP (5 g/kg diet); 4. Basal diet + dried aerial part powder of EP (10 g/kg diet). The contents of Flavonol-oglycosides as Quescetin was determined by spectrophotometry method, the Flavonol-o-glycosides as Quescetin content of EP was 20 ± 2 mg/100 g dry weight. At 42 day blood sample were taken and analyzed for total antioxidant activity (AOA) of serum blood. Used of 10 g/kg diet EP led to the highest AOA (mmol/lit) compared to other groups. The AOA increased in broilers fed diet containing 5 g EP/kg diet than those control and antibiotic treatments but not significantly. In conclusions the results of this trial showed that, use of 10 g EP/kg diet improved total antioxidant activity in serum of broiler chicks.
High-risk behaviors during incarceration in African-American men treated for HIV at three Los Angeles public medical centers.

Objectives: This paper describes research that examined the association between high-risk sexual and drug-using behaviors during incarceration and HIV infection for African-American men receiving HIV care at three public medical centers in Los Angeles County (LAC), California. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in which 305 HIV- infected African-American men and 305 neighborhood controls, ages 20 to 49, were frequency-matched by age. Results: After controlling for anal sex while not incarcerated, we found no association between anal sex during incarceration and HIV (odds ratio [OR], 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6-2.2). Among men with a history of incarceration (n = 332), the percentage reporting anal sex with men outside of incarceration (45%) was greater than those reporting anal sex while incarcerated (16%). Injection drug use (IDU) during incarceration was also not associated with HIV when controlling for IDU outside of incarceration (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.5- 4.9). Increased time in jail or prison was associated with less HIV infection (p = .001). Conclusions: Although high-risk behaviors are more common in the community than in the incarcerated setting for this study group, incarcerated populations represent a high-risk group for whom access to prevention messages is limited. Periods of incarceration represent a unique opportunity to convey prevention messages that focus on high-risk behaviors outside the incarcerated setting.
Mode of Action, Metabolism, and Uptake of BAS-125W, Prohexadione Calcium

BAS 125W (trade name Apogee ) is the experimental code for the plant growth regulator prohexadione-calcium (common name proposed to International Organization for Standardization), or prohexadione-Ca in short, or calcium 3-oxido-4-propionyl-5-oxo-3cyclohexene-carboxylate as a systematic chemical name (Fig. 1). Other codes for this active ingredient include BX-112, KIM 112, and BAS 9054W. The active ingredient, prohexadione-calcium, is patented by Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., which has registered it for growth control in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) in Japan. Prohexadionecalcium is being developed for registration in the United States for use on apples ( Malus ×domestica Borkh.) and peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea L.) by the BASF Corp., and in several European countries by BASF AG for use on small grains and apples. Foliar application of BAS 125W at rates of 125 to 250 mg·L –1 a.i. has typically provided effective control of vegetative growth of apple trees. Generally, as the vegetative vigor of a tree increases, the rate of prohexadione-calcium needed for effective vegetative control has to be raised. Vegetative vigor is influenced by numerous factors, including fruit load, location, variety, rootstock, age, pruning, and training system. Applying prohexadione-calcium when new shoot growth is between 5 to 10 cm has provided more effective control of vegetative growth relative than has application after new shoot growth has exceeded 10 cm. Because of its short-term effect and lack of persistence, prohexadione-calcium can be a flexible tool in developing userspecific growth management strategies.
Tranexamic acid reduces red cell transfusion better than epsilon-aminocaproic acid or placebo in liver transplantation.

UNLABELLED We evaluated the efficacy of the prophylactic administration of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid for reducing blood product requirements in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in a prospective, double-blinded study performed in 132 consecutive patients. Patients were randomized to three groups and given one of three drugs prophylactically: tranexamic acid, 10 mg. kg(-1). h(-1); epsilon-aminocaproic acid, 16 mg. kg(-1). h(-1), and placebo (isotonic saline). Perioperative management was standardized. Coagulation tests, thromboelastogram, and blood requirements were recorded during OLT and in the first 24 h. There were no differences in diagnosis, Child score, or preoperative coagulation tests among groups. Administration of packed red blood cells was significantly reduced (P = 0.023) during OLT in the tranexamic acid group, but not in the epsilon-aminocaproic acid group. There were no differences in transfusion requirements after OLT. Thromboembolic events, reoperations, and mortality were similar in the three groups. Prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid, but not epsilon-aminocaproic acid, significantly reduces total packed red blood cell usage during OLT. IMPLICATIONS In a randomized study of 132 consecutive patients undergoing liver transplantation, we found that tranexamic acid, but not epsilon-aminocaproic acid, reduced intraoperative total packed red blood cell transfusion.
Unsupervised Subsequence Anomaly Detection in Large Sequences

Subsequence anomaly detection in long sequences is an important problem with applications in a wide range of domains. However, the approaches that have been proposed so far in the literature have severe limitations: they either require prior domain knowledge that is used to design the anomaly discovery algorithms, or become cumbersome and expensive to use in situations with recurrent anomalies of the same type. In this Ph.D. work, we address these problems, and present unsupervised methods suitable for domain agnostic subsequence anomaly detection. We explore two possible way to represent the normal behavior of a long data series that lead to fast and accurate identiﬁcation of abnormal subsequences. These normal representations are either based on subsequences (using a data structure called the normal model), or on graphs, by taking advantage of graph properties to encode the normal transitions between neighboring subsequences of a long series. The experimental results, on a large set of synthetic and real datasets, demonstrate that the proposed approaches correctly identify single and recurrent anomalies of various types, without any prior knowledge of the characteristics of these anomalies. Our approaches outperform by a large margin several competing approaches in accuracy, while being up to orders of magnitude faster.
Factors That Compromise the Nutritional Value of Cowpea Fluor and Its Protein Isolates

Anti-nutritional studies on cowpea (Vigna ungiculata L.) seeds as whole cowpea flour (WCF), dehulled cowpea flour (DCF), dehulled defatted cowpea flour (DDCF) and protein isolates obtained from DDCF by isoelectric (CPIA) and micellization (CPIB) precipitation. The protein content of WCF and DDCF were 22.3% and 26.75% respectively, while CPIA and CPIB showed 75% and 76% respectively. The abundant minerals in WCF and DCF were calcium (32.38 - 33.61 mg/100 g); potassium (29.25 - 24.99 mg/100 g); and sodium (1.76 - 1.00 mg/100 g). The least abundant minerals were iron (0.004 - 0.013 mg/100 g); copper (0.04 - 0.25 mg/100 g); manganese (0.18 - 0.30 mg/100 g) and zinc (0.26 - 1.22 mg/100 g); respectively. Trypsin inhibitor activity for WCF, CPIA and CPIB was found 16,640 TIU/g, 4293 TIU/g and 4290 TIU/g respectively. Condensed tannins in RCF and DDCF were found 0.003% and 0.004% respectively while phytic acid content 0.8% and 1.17% respectively, no phytic acid and tannins were observed in protein isolates. Cowpea flour was also similar to other edible grain legumes in content of anti-nutritional factors; appropriate processing methods improved cowpea nutritive value and significantly reduced the levels of anti-nutritional factors.
A Methyltransferase Inhibitor (Decitabine) Alleviates Intergenerational Effects of Paternal Neonatal Exposure to Anesthesia With Sevoflurane.

BACKGROUND Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces neurobehavioral and neuroendocrine abnormalities in exposed male rats (generation F0) and neurobehavioral, but not neuroendocrine, abnormalities in their male, but not female, offspring (generation F1). These effects of sevoflurane are accompanied by a hypermethylated neuron-specific K-2Cl (Kcc2) Cl exporter gene in the F0 spermatozoa and the F1 male hypothalamus, while the gene's expression is reduced in the F0 and F1 hypothalamus. We investigated whether inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferases (DNMTs) before paternal sevoflurane exposure could alleviate the anesthetic's F0 and F1 effects. METHODS Sprague-Dawley male rats were anesthetized with 2.1% sevoflurane for 5 hours on postnatal day (P) 5 and mated with control females on P90 to generate offspring. The nonselective DNMT inhibitor decitabine (0.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was administered 30 minutes before sevoflurane exposure. The F0 and F1 male rats were evaluated in in vivo and in vitro tests in adulthood. RESULTS Paternal exposure to sevoflurane induced impaired prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response and exacerbated corticosterone responses to stress in F0 males and impaired prepulse inhibition of the startle responses in F1 males. These effects were accompanied in both generations by reduced and increased expressions of hypothalamic Kcc2 and Dnmt3a/b, respectively. Decitabine deterred the effects of paternal exposure to sevoflurane in F0 and F1 males. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that similar decitabine-sensitive mechanisms regulating expression of multiple genes are involved in the mediation of neurobehavioral abnormalities in sires neonatally exposed to sevoflurane and in their future unexposed male offspring.
Towards Adversarial Phishing Detection

Over the recent decades, numerous evaluations of automated methods for detecting phishing attacks have been reporting stellar detection performances based on empirical evidence. These performances often neglect the adaptive behavior of an adversary seeking to evade detection, yielding uncertainty about their adversarial robustness. This work explores the adversarialrobustness ofhighly inﬂuentialandrecentdetection solutions, by assessing their common detection strategies. Following discussions of potential evasion techniques of these strategies, we present examples of techniques that enable evasion throughimperceptible perturbations. In orderto enable and improve future evaluations for adversarial robustness, a set of design guidelines is proposed.
Caloric Intake of Nestling Double-Crested Cormorants

ENERGY requirements of altricial nestlings should have effects on optimal reproductive strategy and foraging efficiency of adults, and on developmental physiology of nestlings (Royama 1966, I)unn 1973). Most food consumption studies measure weight of food intake without considering nutritional value. Because avian foods vary widely in digestibility, nutrition, and caloric content, such measures of food consumption of different species are not always comparable. In addition, many studies examine only total quantities of food eaten during growth (e.g. Kale 1965, Brenner 1968) or deal with birds raised in captivity (e.g. Kahl 1962, Junor 1965). The latter may not indicate natural levels of food consumption, as it is difficult to duplicate normal foods and feeding rates. For example Junor's (1965, 1972) studies indicate that the amount of food captive young Reed Cormorants, Phalacrocorax africanus, consume differs markedly according to the number of times per day they are fed. I am aware of only a few studies to date that have estimated daily consumption of altricial nestlings under natural conditions (Royama 1966, Koelink 1972, van Balen 1973, Westerterp 1973), and only the latter provided data on the caloric value of the foods eaten. This paper gives the results of a field study on food consumption of free-living nestling I)ouble-crested Cormorants, Phalacrocorax auritus. (Unless noted otherwise, all references to cormorants mean this species.) Feeding frequency and size of food items were used to indicate quantities eaten, and analysis of food samples and digestive efficiency allowed conversion to caloric intake. The report is mainly descriptive, and the correlation of results to other aspects of the breeding strategy of cormorants will be reserved for a later paper.
The Role of Selvester Score on 12-Lead ECG in Determination of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Among Patients Receiving Trastuzumab Therapy

Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Trastuzumab is an effective breast cancer agent. The most significant side effect of trastuzumab is left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Selvester score calculated from 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) has a proven accuracy in predicting left ventricular infarct area and scar volume. We aimed to determine its role in detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction among trastuzumab-treated breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 60 trastuzumab-treated patients were retrospectively included. The patients were grouped into two groups with trastuzumab-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <55%) (Group 1) and without (Group 2). The left ventricular systolic dysfunction group was divided into two subgroups: LVEF <50% and (Group 1a) and LVEF 50–54% (Group 1b). The Selvester score was compared between Group 1 and Group 2, and between Group 1a, Group 1b, and Group 2. The predictive role of Selvester score in trastuzumab-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction was determined with univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.7±13.7 years. Twenty (21.1%) patients had trastuzumab-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The Selvester score was similar between Group 1 and Group 2. Group 1a had a significantly greater Selvester score compared to Group 1b and Group 2 (p<0.05); however, Group 1b and Group 2 had similar Selvester scores (p>0.05). The Selvester score was significantly correlated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in univariate analysis (r=0.189, p<0.05) but not in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Selvester score may be useful especially for detecting severe trastuzumab-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Positive Encounters as a Buffer: Pain and Sleep Disturbances in Older Adults’ Everyday Lives

Objectives: To test whether older adults’ pain was bidirectionally associated with nighttime sleep disturbances and whether daily positive encounters attenuated these associations. Methods: Participants (N = 292, mean = 73.71 years old) from the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study indicated pain and positive encounters with close partners (e.g., family and friends) and nonclose partners (e.g., acquaintances and service providers) every 3 hours throughout each day across 4–6 days. They also reported nighttime sleep disturbances the following morning. Results: Multilevel models revealed that participants with more prior nighttime sleep disturbances reported more severe pain the next day. This link was attenuated on days when participants had a greater proportion of positive encounters or viewed encounters as more pleasant, especially when these encounters occurred with close partners. Discussion: This study identifies benefits of positive encounters to older adults and sheds light on ways that may alleviate their pain from a social perspective.