Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactions of wave with a body ﬂoating in an open water channel conﬁned by two semi-inﬁnite ice sheets

Wave radiation and diﬀraction problems by a body ﬂoating in an open water channel conﬁned by two semi-inﬁnite ice sheets are considered. The linearized velocity potential theory is used for ﬂuid ﬂow and the thin elastic plate model is adopted for the ice sheet. The Green function, which satisﬁes all the boundary conditions apart from that on the body surface, is ﬁrst derived. This is obtained through applying Fourier transform in the longitudinal direction of the channel, and matched eigenfunction expansions in the transverse plane. With the help of the derived Green function, the boundary integral equation of the potential is derived and it is shown that the integrations over all other boundaries, including the bottom of the ﬂuid, free surface, ice sheet, ice edge as well as far ﬁeld will be zero, and only the body surface has to be retained. This allows the problem to be solved through discretization of the body surface only. Detailed results for hydrodynamic forces are provided, which are generally highly oscillatory due to complex wave/body/channel interaction and body/body interaction. In depth investigations are made for the waves conﬁned in a channel, which does not decay at inﬁnity. Through this, detailed analysis is made on how the wave generated by a body will aﬀect the other bodies even when they are far apart. Key words: Authors should not enter keywords on the manuscript, as these must be chosen by the author during the online submission process and will then be added during the typesetting process (see Keyword PDF for the full list). Other classiﬁcations will be added at the same time.
NK T Cells Contribute to Expansion of CD8 (cid:1) T Cells and Ampliﬁcation of Antiviral Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus

CD1d-deﬁcient mice have normal numbers of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells but lack V (cid:1) 14 (cid:2) natural killer T cells. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunopathogenesis was evaluated in 129 (cid:3) C57BL/6, C57BL/6, and BALB/c CD1d (cid:4) / (cid:4) mice. CD8 (cid:2) T lymphocytes were reduced in CD1d (cid:4) / (cid:4) mice of all strains, as shown by cell surface staining and major histocompatibility complex class I tetramer analysis, and resulted in strain-speciﬁc alterations in illness, viral clearance, and gamma interferon (IFN- (cid:5) ) production. Transient activation of NK T cells in CD1d (cid:2) / (cid:2) mice by (cid:1) -GalCer resulted in reduced illness and delayed viral clearance. These data suggest that early IFN- (cid:5) production and efﬁcient induction of CD8 (cid:2) -T-cell responses during primary RSV infection require CD1d-dependent events. We also tested the ability of (cid:1) -GalCer as an adjuvant to modulate the type 2 immune responses induced by RSV glycoprotein G or formalin-inactivated RSV immunization. However, immunized CD1-deﬁcient or (cid:1) -GalCer-treated wild-type mice did not exhibit diminished disease following RSV challenge. Rather, some disease parameters, including cytokine production, eosinophilia, and viral clearance, were increased. These ﬁndings indicate that CD1d-dependent NK T cells play a role in expansion of CD8 (cid:2) T cells and ampliﬁcation of antiviral responses to RSV.
Region-speciﬁc diversiﬁcation of the highly virulent serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae the

Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) worldwide, with the highest burden in developing countries. We report the whole-genome sequencing analysis of 448 serotype 1 isolates from 27 countries worldwide (including 11 in Africa). The global serotype 1 population shows a strong phylogeographic structure at the continental level, and within Africa there is further region-speciﬁc structure. Our results demonstrate that region-speciﬁc diversiﬁcation within Africa has been driven by limited cross-region transfer events, genetic recombination and antimicrobial selective pressure. Clonal replacement of the dominant serotype 1 clones circulating within regions is uncommon; however, here we report on the accessory gene content that has contributed to a rare clonal replacement event of ST3081 with ST618 as the dominant cause of IPD in the Gambia. Data statement: Six supplementary tables, eight supplementary ﬁgures and a sampling strategy are available with the online Supplementary Material. All supporting data, code and protocols have been provided within the article or through supplementary data ﬁles.
Atomic layer deposition of ZrO2/La2O3 high-k dielectrics on germanium reaching 0.5 nm equivalent oxide thickness

We investigate ultrathin ZrO2/La2O3 high-k dielectric stacks on germanium grown by atomic layer deposition. La2O3 is deposited from tris(N,N′-diisopropylformamidinate)-lanthanum and oxygen. Interfacial layer-free oxide stacks with a relative dielectric constant of 21 and equivalent oxide thickness values as low as 0.5 nm are obtained. Metal oxide semiconductor capacitors with platinum as the gate electrode exhibit well-behaved capacitance-voltage characteristics, gate leakage current densities in the range of 0.01–1 A/cm2, and interface trap densities in the range of ∼3×1012 eV−1 cm−2.
BIOCHEMICAL AND SEROLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BLACK SEEDS IN EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED BROILER WITH GUMBORO

The study was carried out to know the effect of black seeds on chicken experimentally infected with Gumboro virus. A total of 130 chicks were used. Experimental birds were divided into 4 groups. The first group of 20 birds was treated with black seed, second group consist of 30 birds was kept as non-infected non-treated control, third group of 40 birds was infected with IBDV, while fourth group of 40 birds represented SBDV infected and black seed treated birds. Infected chicks showed decreased body weight, bursal and thymus indices with 10% mortality. Infected birds treated with black seeds showed an increase in body weight with 2.5% mortality. Gumboro infection induced biochemical alterations in blood and tissues of infected birds. It decreased total protein, γ globulin, hepatic and bursal ascorbic acid. While it increased α1 globulin, uric acid, GOT, GPT, bursal and renal MDA. With no alterations in creatinine, GSH, renal ascorbic and hepatic MDA. Infected birds treated with black seeds had decreased total protein and albumin but immunity is raised as shown by increasing γ globulin and antibody titers which detected by HI and ELISA testes for NewCastle and Gumboro viruses. Treated Infected birds with black seeds succeed to restore uric acid, renal MDA and partially GPT but failed to restore GOT and bursal MDA. In conclusion, black seeds showed its cytoprotective, antioxidant and antiviral effect through its non specific immunostimulant role against Gumboro virus challenged birds. liver and kidney function tests, ELISA antibody titer, immunosuppresion.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Collaborative Teaching Strategy and Learner Ability Interaction on Students’ Academic Achievement, in Physics in Nyeri County, Kenya

: The study of the Physics subject continues to play a vital role in industrial development and economic revitalization. For instance, the Physics of the electronic chip has seen tremendous improvements in communication, entertainment, medicine and industry. However, secondary school students continue to achieve dismally. Different factors including the different strategies used in teaching Physics and learner factors have been reported to affect students’ achievement in Physics. Based in Nyeri County the study investigated the interactivity between strategies, learner abilities and academic achievement secondary school students in Physics. The Solomon Four group quasi experimental design was used. A sample of 173 form four students in four mixed day secondary schools in Nyeri County participated in the study. The sample was obtained through purposive sampling to obtain a list of mixed day secondary schools that offer the Physics subject at form four. Through random sampling a list of four schools that participated in the study was obtained. The schools were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research instruments consisted of Physics Pre-test (PPT) and Physics Achievement Test (PAT). The Kuder Richardson test was used to determine the reliability of the PPT and PAT. A reliability coefficient of 0.7 and 0.8 was obtained for the PPT and PAT respectively. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test and ANOVA) were used in data analysis. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. The hypothesis was tested at α=0.05 level of significance. The study established that Collaborative Teaching Strategy enhanced achievement of students of all abilities in Physics. The study recommended that teachers should expose students to Collaborative Strategy more frequently and teacher training programs to equip teachers with skills for collaboration. The findings of the current study are helpful to the curriculum developers in revising curriculum towards learner centeredness by in cooperating collaborative activities. Institute of Curriculum Development may find the information useful during in servicing of teachers towards making the curriculum more learner centered. The Instructional material developers may find the information useful while developing materials that enhance learner activity. The findings of the study may be useful to teachers while implementing the competence-based curriculum at secondary school level during and after transition stage.
Adhesion GPCRs: from in vitro pharmacology to in vivo mechanisms

The adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) comprises 33 human members. aGPCRs are characterized by their enormous size and complex modular structures. While the physiologic importance of many aGPCRs has been clearly demonstrated in recent years, the underlying molecular functions have only recently begun to be elucidated. In this minireview, we present an overview of our current knowledge on aGPCR activation and signal transduction with a focus on the latest findings regarding the interplay between ligand binding, mechanical force, and the tethered agonistic Stachel sequence, as well as implications on translational approaches that may derive from understanding aGPCR pharmacology.
MK is a gene encoding a secreted heparin-binding polypeptide originally isolated by differential screening for genes induced by retinoic acid (RA) in HM-1 embry-

Murine embryonal carcinoma (EC) and pluripotential embryonic stem (ES) cells have proved to be valuable experimental systems for the identification of growth and differentiation regulatory factors with actions in early development (reviewed by Heath et al., 1990). In particular, both EC and ES cells have been found to secrete at least two distinct species of heparin-binding growth factors (Heath et al., 1989). One of these factors has been firmly identified (Heath et al., 1989) as murine FGF-4 (KFGF/Hst). FGF-4 is a secreted member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family with analogous biological functions to the FGF-2 (bFGF) prototype FGF, including the ability to induce mesoderm formation in animal pole explants of Xenopus laevis (Paterno et al., 1989). The identity of the second, biochemically distinct, heparin-binding growth factor species purified from EC-cell-conditioned medium has, however, remained obscure. It has recently emerged that a number of growth factors exhibit high affinity for immobilised heparin, but are unrelated in sequence to the FGF family of growth factors. Thus, HB-GAM is an 18×103 Mr protein which was isolated by heparin affinity chromatography from adult brain as a neurite outgrowth-promoting factor for foetal rat CNS neurons. It proved, upon sequence analysis, to be entirely distinct from bFGF, although similar in terms of physical properties (Rauvala, 1989; Merenmies and Rauvala, 1990). An identical agent was subsequently isolated from adult brain preparations in other laboratories under the names pleiotropin (PTN, Li et al., 1990; Courty et al., 1991) and heparin-binding neurotrophic factor (HBNF, Bohlen et al., 1990). Tezuka et al. (1990) also isolated cDNA sequences encoding HB-GAM/HBNF/PTN by differential cloning of genes expressed in osteogenic tissues. HB-GAM/HBNF/PTN is 65% identical in amino acid sequence to the secreted heparin-binding protein MK, which was first described as a retinoic acid-induced gene product in HM-1 EC cells (Kadomatsu et al., 1988; Tomomura et al., 1990a). In situ hybridisation studies showed that the MK gene is transcribed in a number of embryonic cell types including the egg cylinder, nervous system, lung and kidney (Kadomatsu et al., 1990). The identification of these two novel heparin binding growth factors prompted us to examine HB-GAM and MK expression in murine ES and EC cells. 1175 Development 116, 1175-1183 (1992) Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1992
Bayesian Estimators, Error Bounds, and Applications to Imaging

In a communication system, a signal carrying information about a physical variable, or parameter, is fed into the front end of a channel and noisy or corrupted data are obtained at its back end, data from which one attempts to estimate the physical parameter. The error that accompanies such an estimate is usually characterized by mean squared error (MSE). In a Bayesian setting, the minimum value of the MSE is obtained by the so-called MMSE estimator (MMSEE), which in this sense is the best possible estimator. In general, the MMSE as well as the MMSEE are difficult to compute, which gave early impetus to work on a host of bounds on the MMSE of varying degrees of tightness over the last fifty years. The bounds, if sufficiently tight, help us in evaluating the performance of sub-optimal estimators. A widely used lower bound on the MMSE is the Ziv-Zakai lower bound, which bounds the MMSE via the minimum probability of error (MPE) of a binary hypothesis testing problem. Extensions of the Ziv-Zakai lower bound and some compu-
Role of Pile Spacing on the Dynamic Behaviour of Pile Groups in Layered Soils 1

3 This research investigates the influence of pile spacing on the dynamic behaviour of pile groups by 4 performing a series of specifically designed dynamic centrifuge experiments on pile foundations 5 embedded in a two-layered soil profile. A single pile and two 3 × 1 row pile groups with different pile 6 spacing were used as model pile foundations, and the soil models consisted of a soft clay underlain by 7 a dense sand. The influence of earthquake frequency on the dynamic behaviour of two-layered soils is 8 discussed using the centrifuge data and 1D site response analysis from DEEPSOIL. Further, the results 9 of these centrifuge tests agreed with the conviction that the group effects will be diminished with the 10 increase in pile-to-pile spacing in a pile group due to reduced pile-soil-pile interaction. However, this 11 reduced pile group effects can lead to larger kinematic pile bending moments in the widely spaced pile 12 group compared to a closely spaced pile group. Moreover, the single pile always has larger bending 13 moments than both the tested pile groups. An exception to this is when there is a significant phase 14 difference between the kinematic and inertial loads for a single pile but not for the widely spaced pile 15 group. The influence of pile spacing on the shadowing effects and location of peak bending moments 16 in the piles of a group are also discussed. Lastly, an attempt is made to evaluate the individual 17 contribution of inertial and kinematic loads for the seismic design of pile foundations considering soil- 18 pile-structure interaction effects.
Towards an agenda for user oriented research in the built environment

The background for this paper is the authors’ participation in user oriented research in relation to the built environment and an aim to provide input to the future research agenda in this area for instance in CIB, who has recently taken an initiative to increase research focus on clients and users. The purpose is to present an overview of different approaches to user oriented research and propose directions for further research that can help to give the users a stronger position to impact the built environment they experience. The methodology is a literature review of research approaches like usability, user involvement in briefing, user driven innovation and participatory design. The different research approaches are presented, analysed, compared, and evaluated. The paper suggests that further research in this field is strongly needed. The different approaches vary in theoretical foundations, methodologies and development, but they are in most cases not incompatible and they use many similar research methods. Further research should focus more on direct interactions with and involvement of users and mostly qualitative research methods should be applied in real life situations or simulations.
International Journal of Science and Business

Global and local challenges and changes in the structure of knowledge production and usage, have led to very many different types of innovations. Thus, recognizing and classifying such innovations is more complex, fragmented, and geographically dispersed academic and social venture. This study provides a quantitative longitudinal study of the determinants of innovation, their role in entrepreneurship innovation capacity and how they collectively add value to economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. The study used fixed effects with country dummies in the analysis where Stata software was used. The results generated are expected to use in enabling both other researchers and practitioners to navigate the complex web of innovation definitions and typologies and they collectively impact on economic growth in the poor world. The results indicated that the extent of staff training, brain drain, absence of excessive bureaucracy and red tape, intellectual property protection, venture capital availability and intensity of local competition among firms were positively and significantly correlated with entrepreneurial innovation capacity in SSA. On the other hand, government procurement of advanced technologies was negatively and significantly correlated with entrepreneurial innovation capacity in SSA. It is recommended that respective countries should put in mechanisms to capitalize from the positive benefits of brain drain, absence of excessive bureaucracy and red tape, venture capital availability, intensity of local competition among firms and tertiary education gross enrolment on the economy. This could be through increased investments in tertiary institutions and reduction of bureaucracy and corruption that will not only increase high quality production through increased labour productivity, but will also foster fair competition in the markets. The governments should also increase mechanisms that facilitate increased savings for investment and where possible adopt strategies that will encourage increased inflow of foreign direct investment. IJSB Accepted 7 March 2021 Published 11 March 2021 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4596907
The Mediating Role of Organizational Identification in the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and Organizational Success: A Study on Commercial Banks in Menoufia Governorate

The overall objective of the research is to identify the role of Organizational Identification (OI) as a mediating variable of the relationship between Spiritual Leadership (SL) and Organizational Success (OS) at commercial banks in Menoufia Governorate. The research community consists of all employees of the commercial banks in Menoufia Governorate. Due to time and cost constraints, the researcher adopted a sampling method to collect data for the study. The appropriate statistical methods were used to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses. The research has reached a number of results; the most important of which are: (1) there is a statistically significant relationship between SL (vision, hope/faith, altruism, meaning/significance of work, membership, organizational commitment, productivity) and OI (organizational loyalty, organizational similarity, and membership). The multiple regression model showed that there is an impact of SL on OI; (2) there is a statistically significant relationship between SL and OS (organizational survival and organizational growth). The multi regression model showed that SL influence OS; (3) there is a statistically significant relationship between OI and OS, and (4) there is a direct impact of OI on the relationship between SL and OS. OI plays a partial role in the relationship between SL and OS. The study also indicated that there is a direct impact of SL on OS. In other words, OI mediates the relationship between SL and OS. The study referred to a number of recommendations; the most important of which are: (1) managers should be interested in the future vision of their units and departments; (2) managers have the element of hope and belief in the vision of the bank; (3) the altruism of leaders in the bank; (4) the conviction of all employees of the bank that their jobs are important and meaningful both to them and to others, (5) deepening the membership of the bank with all its employees; (6) managers 'interest in raising the level of organizational commitment; (7) increasing productivity and continuous improvement; (8) identifying the desired needs of employees in order to improve OI; (9) the necessity of learning investment in the promotion and development opportunities for OS; (10) designing and implementing a series of training programs that raise awareness among leaders in terms of the concept, importance and areas of OI, and its positive effects; (11) The need to pay attention to continuous meetings and the practice of social and recreational activities, and (12) inviting employees to participate in the various decision-making processes of the bank.
OPTH_A_323337 2907..2912

1Gainesville Eye Associates, Gainesville, GA, USA; 2Science in Vision, Bend, OR, USA Purpose: To assess the spectacle independence and satisfaction of subjects after bilateral implantation of the PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) at the time of cataract surgery. Design: Single site, prospective, single-arm study. Methods: Eligible subjects interested in a trifocal IOL to potentially reduce dependence on spectacles for near, intermediate and distance vision were enrolled and followed for 3 months after the second eye surgery. Visual acuity and refractive data were collected 1 month and 3 months postoperative, including the uncorrected and best distance-corrected binocular visual acuities at distance (4m), intermediate (60 cm) and near (40cm). A patient satisfaction and spectacle independence questionnaire were administered at the 3-month visit. Results: A total of 30 subjects successfully completed the study. Eighty-five percent of eyes (51/60) had a refraction within 0.50 D of plano with ≤ 0.50 D of refractive cylinder. One subject (3%) reported needing glasses for distance work, 3 (10%) for intermediate work and 4 (13%) for near work. Ninety percent or more of all subjects reported never wearing glasses or wearing them only a little at all working distances. Ninety percent or more were able to function without glasses at all 3 working distances all or most of the time. More than ninety percent of subjects reported being “com.pletely” or “mostly” satisfied with their vision without glasses or contact lenses at all three distances and overall. Conclusion: A high percentage of patients are likely to achieve spectacle independence for distance, intermediate and near vision with this trifocal IOL.