Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Importin-β targets HURP to kinetochore-fibers in coordination with Ran-GTP in human mitotic cells

During spindle assembly, microtubules are spatially organized by the chromosome-derived Ran-GTP gradient. Previous work demonstrated that Ran-GTP releases spindle assembly factors such as HURP from inhibitory importins to assemble microtubules near chromosomes. However, the significance and mechanisms of Ran-mediated spindle assembly remains poorly understood, especially in somatic cells. Here, we systematically depleted RCC1 (Ran-GEF), RanGAP1, and importin-β in human cells using auxin-inducible degron technology. We demonstrate that depletion of RCC1, but not RanGAP1, causes short metaphase spindles that lack HURP on kinetochore-fibers (k-fibers). Surprisingly, we find that importin-β co-localizes with HURP to k-fibers, where it acts as an active, not inhibitory, regulator for HURP. HURP and importin-β are mutually dependent for their k-fiber localization and coordinately regulated by Ran-GTP. In addition, importin-β mutants lacking Ran-GTP binding fail to accumulate on k-fibers. Together, we propose a model in which, in the presence of microtubules, importin-β still interacts with HURP following Ran-GTP binding and further promotes HURP’s microtubule association to stabilize k-fibers.
Varietal Differences in Tillering and Yield Responses of Rice Plants to Nitrogen-Free Basal Dressing Accompanied withSparse Planting Density in the Tohoku Region of Japan

Abstract At present, the main challenge in rice production is to achieve a high and stable yield with low input. In this study, the growth of tillers and yield of 12 rice cultivars and lines in the practice of nitrogen-free basal dressing with sparse planting density (BNo) was examined and compared with those in the conventional cultivation (CONT). The results in 1999, 2000 and 2001 showed that the numbers of both primary and secondary tillers m−2 were smaller in BNo than in CONT for all cultivars. However,ǽa large number of tillers in CONT, especially the secondary tillers, were nonproductive, and most of those in BNo were productive. The difference between BNo and CONT in the number of panicles m−2 was larger for the cultivars of the panicle-number type than for those of the panicle-weight type. Grain yield was often lower in BNo than in CONT, and the yield averaged over years and cultivars was 748 g m−2 in BNo and 772 g m−2 in CONT (the ratio of value in BNo to that in CONT was 97 %). The differenceǽbetween BNo and CONT in grain yield varied with the cultivar and the year. Under favorable weather conditions in 2000 and 2001, grain yield was high in both CONT and BNo, and was higher in CONT than in BNo for most cultivars. Nevertheless, under the unfavorable weather condition in 1999, grain yield was low in both CONT and BNo, and was similar or higher in BNo than in CONT. In all 3 years, the grain yield of Akitakomachi and Fukuhibiki was lower, and that of Ouu316 and Hitomebore tended to be higher in BNo than in CONT. The practice of BNo was found to be effective for achieving a stable and high yield of Ouu316 and Hitomebore in the Tohoku region.
Exigência em fósforo disponível para alevinos de tilápia do Nilo

Phosphorus is considered one of the most important mineral in animal nutrition. In vegetables feedstuffs this mineral can be less available because his chemistry connection with other minerals and nutrients, named the phosphorus phytic or phytate. Thus this research was aimed evaluating different levels of available phosphorus in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings based on weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, survival and body composition. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatment (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 e 1.25% of available phosphorus) and five replicates. The rations used to evaluate the different levels of available phosphorus were exclusively formulated, using vegetables feedstuffs, to contain 30.0% PD, 3300kcal of DE kg -1 and the same rate between calcium:phosphorus. Based on these results, 0.75% of available phosphorus in Nile tilapia fingerlings diets determines a better growth performance and body chemical composition.
Characterization of Fusarium spp. associated with lupin in central Alberta, Canada

Abstract Narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) is being assessed as a potential pulse crop for western Canada. However, root rot caused by Fusarium spp. is a potentially important disease of lupin in the region. The aim of this study was to identify the Fusarium spp. that aggressively attack lupin in central Alberta. Fusarium isolates were recovered from diseased lupin plants in 2005 and 2006. Fusarium avenaceum was the most frequently recovered species, followed by F. oxysporum, F. solani, and F. acuminatum. Inoculation of lupin with F. avenaceum produced severe root rot symptoms in a greenhouse assay, although there was a wide range in aggressiveness among isolates within this species. Although lupin roots were often colonized by other Fusarium species in addition to F. avenaceum, these other species were shown to be non-pathogenic or only weakly pathogenic. Co-inoculation studies indicated that the other Fusarium species that are associated with lupin roots do not contribute to a disease complex, so we conclude that F. avenaceum is the dominant pathogen responsible for root rot on lupin in central Alberta. The host range of F. avenaceum isolates from lupin included a wide range of pulse and oilseed crops grown in the region, so crop rotation is unlikely to have an important impact on management of this potentially destructive pathogen.
Qualitative feed restriction on productive performance and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens

Aplicou-se restricao alimentar qualitativa em frangos de corte, em diferentes fases do crescimento, para reduzir a infiltracao gordurosa do figado e os triglicerideos plasmaticos, sem influir nas respostas produtivas. Distribuiram-se aleatoriamente 176 pintos machos em quatro tratamentos. As aves foram alojados em baterias (16 gaiolas com 11 aves cada) e foram criados de 1 a 49 dias de idade. No grupo controle as aves foram alimentadas com dieta inicial (1-28 dias) com 3.300kcal EM/kg/dieta e 22,5% de proteina bruta (PB; dieta de crescimento (29-42 dias) com 3.300kcal EM/kg/dieta e 20,9% de PB; dieta de acabamento (43-49 dias de idade) 3.300kcal EM/kg/dieta e 18,2% de PB. As aves nos tres grupos sob restricao foram alimentadas com dieta com 2.800kcal de EM/kg/dieta e 24% de PB de 7 aos 14 dias de idade (tratamento 2), de 7 aos 21 dias de idade (tratamento 2) e de 22 aos 35 dias de idade (tratamento 3). Todas as aves dos tratamentos sob restricao foram alimentadas com a dieta controle antes e depois do periodo de restricao alimentar. Ao final de cada periodo de restricao foi observada uma maior infiltracao gordurosa no figado (representado pela composicao quimica e escore histologico). Tambem nao houve diferencas entre os triglicerideos plasmaticos, quando comparado com o controle. Aos 49 dias de idade, o ganho de peso total e a infiltracao gordurosa no figado, foram menores nos grupos restritos. Os niveis de triglicerides plasmaticos, entretanto, foram semelhantes entre os tratamentos, mas reduziram nas aves com aplicacao de jejum de 12 horas, quando comparados com aves sem jejum. A baixa relacao energia/proteina da dieta afetou o ganho de peso e a infiltracao gordurosa no figado, mas nao alterou os valores de triglicerides plasmaticos.
Markovian Modeling of Gene-Product Synthesis

Abstract We propose a Markovian model for the gene induction process. This model is a particular case of a birth-and-death process in Markovian environment. The environment is represented by the state of the gene (active or inactive). The protein population size is ruled by the birth-and-death process. Proteins can be produced by the gene when it is activated (birth). They can disappear as well due to their denaturation (death). The distribution of the protein number is computed explicitly for both the transient and stationary cases. It is shown that three out of the four parameters of the model can be estimated from an observed sample of protein numbers collected during the stationary regime.
A study of two Acrochaetium complexes in Canada with distinction of Rhododrewia gen. nov. (Acrochaetiales, Rhodophyta)

Abstract: Species of the red algal genus Acrochaetium are present in the global marine flora, but at best only preliminary assessments of species diversity and phylogeny have been attempted for the genus. During an ongoing floristic survey of Canadian seaweeds, we routinely encountered species assigned to this genus epibiotic on other organisms, which provided the material and motivation for the current study. Seven Atlantic, three Pacific and a single subarctic species were identified in analysis of COI-5P (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) sequences with typical levels of intraspecific (0–0.3%) and interspecific (7.9–19.3%) variation observed except between western and eastern Atlantic populations of A. humile (0.9%). Within a historical Atlantic species ‘complex’, we established that A. virgatulum is synonymous with A. secundatum; however, A. luxurians was an independent lineage and is resurrected. A Pacific isolate of A. secundatum was collected and represents an extension of the reported range for this species. In a second complex, Pacific A. arcuatum and A. vagum were synonymous, as suggested in the literature previously, but A. porphyrae was genetically and anatomically distinct. Further, A. porphyrae did not group with Acrochaetium in nuclear-encoded LSU rRNA and combined LSU / COI-5P analyses, and Rhododrewia gen. nov. is proposed for R. porphyrae (Drew) comb. nov.
A Cross-sectional Study of Relationship between Internet Addiction and Performance in Internal Assessment in 2nd Year Medical Undergraduates of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital at B G Nagara

Introduction: In the current competitive world, life without an internet is unimaginable. Internet can be utilized generously for overall progress toward accomplishing good aspects. However, it is misused or abused, especially among adolescent and young adults, due to their vulnerability for addiction. In this context, the study aims at finding internet addiction (IA) among students. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore and grade the severity of IA in relation to academic performance among medical undergraduates. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 146 2nd year medical undergraduates studying at Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, BG Nagara, after obtaining the Institutional Ethics Committee permission. Young’s IA test containing 20 questionnaires was introduced, along with this first theory internal assessment marks were obtained. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software and Chi-square test. Results: Of 146, 115 participated in the study with overall IA rate of 63.48% and the most common use being for entertainment purpose, followed by social networking and academics related activities. 27.82% of male students and 35.65% of the females were seen to be addicted to the internet. Among these students, 44.35% had mild addiction and 19.13% were moderately addicted to internet use. IA severity was not significantly associated with the students’ academic performance. Conclusion: Even though the students were mild to moderately addicted to internet usage, we were not able to find a direct relationship between internet overuse and their academic activities. Early care in such group can overcome the subsequent risk of progressing to severe addiction.
Binding of Correolide to the Kv1.3 Potassium Channel: Characterization of the Binding Domain by Site-Directed Mutagenesis†

Correolide is a novel immunosuppressant that inhibits the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 [Felix et al. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 4922−4930]. [3H]Dihydrocorreolide (diTC) binds with high affini.
Effects of dietary inclusion of various concentrations of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract on growth, body composition, serum chemistry and challenge test of far eastern catfish (Silurus asotus)

Effects of various concentrations of Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) extract in diets on growth, body composition, serum chemistry and disease challenge test of far eastern catfish (Silurus asotus) were determined and compared with a commercially available immune enhancer. Eight experimental diets were prepared in triplicate: control (Con) diet without supplementation of SB and SB-0.25, SB-0.5, SB-1, SB-2, SB-3 and SB-5 diets containing SB at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5%, respectively. In addition, 0.1% of a commercial immune enhancer product (CP) was also tested. No significant difference in weight gain of fish was found. Feed consumption, feed efficiency ratio and protein retention of fish were not affected by the experimental diets. At the end of the 8-week feeding trial, 10 externally normal fish from each tank were infected by Vibrio anguillarum or Strepotococcus iniae. Cumulative mortality of fish fed the Con diet was higher than that of fish fed the all other diets in 10 and 25 days after V. anguillarum or S. iniae infection. Results of this study indicated that dietary inclusion of SB extract was effective in improving survival of eastern catfish after V. anguillarum and S. iniae infection, but the various concentrations of SB did not affect fish performance.
Research on the physiological disorders and fruit quality of Cardinal peach

Abstract This study was carried out on ‘Cardinal’ peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) between 2003 and 2005 in Bornova, in Izmir, Turkey to study the effects of irrigation, gibberellic acid (GA3) and nitrogen (urea) on the physiological disorders split or shattered pit, double fruit and fruit quality. Irrigation treatments that were tested included 100% (no water stress) and 20% (water stress) replenishment of water depleted from the 100% replenishment treatment at 60 cm soil profile at 10-day intervals. GA3 and nitrogen (urea) were applied to trees during the flower bud differentiation period at doses of 100 mg L−1 and 900 mg L−1, respectively. Irrigation, nitrogen and gibberellic acid exerted a significant influence on fruit disorders and quality of peach cv. ‘Cardinal’. Although the rate of double fruit was increased by water stress, GA3 and nitrogen application decreased it. Irrigation (100%) during the final swell phase of fruit development accelerated the occurrence of split and shattered pit. Application of nitrogen and gibberellic acid or both to the trees with no water stress resulted in the lowest number of fruits with physiological disorders. Fruit quality characteristics, except for titratable acidity, were not significantly altered by the treatments.
Basal rates of soil respiration are correlated with photosynthesis in a mixed temperate forest

Many field studies have demonstrated that soil temperature explains most of the temporal variation in soil respiration (SR). However, there is increasing evidence to suggest that SR is also influenced by current, or recent, photosynthate. Accordingly, seasonal changes in SR nominally attributed to temperature may, in part, be due to seasonality in photosynthesis. Within a mixed coniferous–deciduous temperate forest, we measured SR and used the process model SECRETS to test whether seasonal changes in photosynthesis influence seasonal differences in SR. Measurements were made in six adjacent plots (from pure evergreen to pure deciduous) that exhibited a gradient in the seasonality of photosynthesis. Within all six plots, we found strong correlations between the basal rate of SR (BR; defined as the SR at 10°C) and modeled photosynthesis (i.e. gross primary productivity; GPP). Moreover, we observed larger seasonal changes in BR in those plots that exhibited larger seasonal changes in photosynthesis, as compared with plots with smaller changes in photosynthesis. This is relevant because estimates of the Q10 of SR (Q10 is the relative change in a process rate per temperature change of 10°C) typically assume a constant BR. Our results therefore support the hypothesis that differences in the apparent Q10 of SR (apparent Q10=Q10 derived from field measurements of SR and temperature) among studies may, in large part, be related to seasonal differences in photosynthesis. We suggest that variation in stand structure and species composition and, thus, in the photosynthetic signatures, induce different seasonal changes in BR via differences in the belowground supply of labile carbon. If these seasonal changes in BR are not properly accounted for, fitted apparent Q10 values may not express the temperature response of respiratory processes in the soil.
SERUM LEVELS AND IN SITU EXPRESSION OF TNF-α AND TNF-α BINDING PROTEINS IN INFLAMMATORY LIVER DISEASES

Abstract Cells respond to tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) via binding to 75-kDa (type A) and 55-kDa (type B) receptors which have different intracellular signalling pathways and can also circulate as soluble molecules. Both receptors are co-expressed in many tissues, but their relative contributions to cellular TNF responses is for most situations unknown. In patients with viral and non-viral inflammatory liver diseases serum TNF-α was determined by an immunoenzymetic assay and soluble type A and B TNF receptors (TNF-αr) by enzyme linked immunological and biological assays (ELIBA). In addition, cellular expression of TNF and its binding proteins were studied in liver biopsies by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Secretion of TNF-α and upregulation of TNF-αr-A were particularly prominent in viral hepatitis. Strong TNF-α-in-situ production by mononuclear cells could be demonstrated in liver biopsies from patients with acute viral hepatitis. However, TNF-αr-A was detected only on hepatocytes. Serum TNF-αr-A was elevated two-fold in relative abundance over TNF-αr-B and was correlated to serum TNF-α ( r = 0.6464, P The data propose that TNF release during antiviral immune responses is predominantly associated with TNF-αr-A upregulation and shedding, whereas upregulation and shedding of TNF-αr-B is more prominent in alcoholic hepatitis. As cytotoxicity and apoptosis by TNF are mediated mainly via TNF-αr-B, our results are consistent with more severe TNF-α induced liver damage in alcoholic hepatitis as compared to viral hepatitis.
PTU-071 Helicobacter pylori brexit: NICE vs maastricht A comparison of eradication guidelines and resistance in London

Introduction The Public Health England (PHE) advises HP testing and treatment if positive, in patients without alarm symptoms who have uncomplicated dyspepsia unresponsive to lifestyle change and antacids. However, the suggested antibiotic therapy is incongruent with latest Maastricht V/Florence guidelines which suggest bismuth containing quadruple therapy first line in regions with high metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance and second line routinely.1 In London, a study showed overall resistance to metronidazole at 59% and clarithromycin at 11% with non-UK birth being main risk factor.2 Our trust serves a local population where 31% consist of black and ethnic minorities. We aimed to look at our local HP resistance data and compare the antibiotics regimes used in different trusts within London. Methods A list of all gastroscopies with CLO testing over a year between October 2017–18 was generated. A list of all HP isolates sent to the microbiology lab over a 2-year period from January 2016 to December 2018 was generated. We performed a search on the ‘Microguide’ app for HP antibiotic regimes for trusts within London. Results Between October 2017 and September 2018, the endoscopy unit performed 1375 CLO tests out of 5000 gastroscopies. A review of 100 patients who had CLO testing showed that they were all appropriate. Between 2016 and 2018, 36 isolates of HP were cultured. 35 were resistant to metronidazole, 26 to clarithromycin, 10 to levofloxacin, 1 to tetracycline and none to amoxicillin. We found antibiotics guidelines for 6 London trusts on ‘Microguide’. None used antibiotic duration of 10-14 days and only 1 out of 6 recommended quadruple bismuth therapy as second line treatment. Conclusion Patients in whom we send HP resistance testing have high resistance rates to conventional first line antibiotics. Given that these patients are likely to have previously failed at least one treatment regime; the results are inevitable skewed towards resistant isolates. While NICE and PHE guidelines are appropriate for some populations, areas of London which are at risk of higher resistance rates should use Maastricht guidelines. Therefore, we recommend a 10-day course of bismuth-containing quadruple therapy as second line. References Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain CA on behalf of the European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group and Consensus, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection-the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. Gut 2017;66:6–30. Elviss N, Owen R, Breathnach A, Palmer C, Shetty N. Helicobacter pylori antibiotic-resistance patterns and risk factors in adult dyspeptic patients from ethnically diverse populations in central and south London during 2000. Journal of Medical Microbiology 54:567–574.
Reproductive Tactics in an Island Population of Adders, Vipera berus (L.), with a fluctuating Food Resource

This paper describes the density fluctuations of the adder Vipera berus and its prey during seven years. The reproduction during high adder density and low food availability was compared with that seven years later in the same population during low adder density and high food availability. Female length was similar but weight status (mass/length 2.56 ) was significantly higher during high prey density. Female mass loss when giving birth and clutch mass were significantly higher during high availability of food, but relative clutch mass and relative mass loss were similar in the two situations. However, the variance in relative clutch mass was significantly lower with high prey density. Clutch size and mass per young were significantly higher during high prey density. During high food availability there were significant positive correlations between female length (~ age) and birth mass loss, female length and clutch mass, female length and clutch size, clutch mass and mass per young and between relative clutch mass and mass per young. During low food availability there were significant positive correlations between clutch mass and clutch size and relative clutch mass and clutch size. A significant negative correlation was found between female length and relative mass loss. This study do not conform entirely to general theories on reproductive adaptations to varying food availability (r-K strategies). During high prey density both more and heavier young were produced than during scarcity of food. A high correlation of reproductive parameters during high food availability indicates a maximal utilization of reproductive capacity in most females, while the lack of such correlations during low food availability indicates a varying access to food and fat storage possibility among females.