Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LOCAL AND REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPS IN MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENTSEVALUATION OF BURDEN AND FLUXES IN BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC MATRICES

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a threat to environmental and human health due to their persistence and toxicological effects. In this paper, we analyse some meteorological and organic-matter-related effects on their distribution in the soils of an Alpine environment that is not subject to direct contamination. We collected samples and measured the contamination of 12 selected congeners from three soil layers (O, A1 and A2) and from North-, plainand South-facing slopes on six different dates spanning the entire snowless portion of the year. We recorded the hourly air and soil temperatures, humidity and rainfall in the study period. We found evidence that PCBs contamination in soils varies significantly, depending on sampling date, layer and aspect. The observed seasonal trend shows an early summer peak and a rapid decrease during June. The layer effect demonstrates higher dry-weight-based concentrations in the O layer, whereas the differences are much smaller for SOM-based concentrations. Different factors caused significantly higher concentrations in northern soils, with a N/S enrichment factor ranging from 1.8 to 1.5 during the season. The southern site has significantly more rapid early-summer re-volatilisation kinetics (half-time of 16 d for South, 25 d for North). 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Concept of Merdeka Curriculum Implementation: Realizing Humanistic Islamic Education Learning

The Merdeka curriculum, an innovative approach in the world of education, has become the main focus in efforts to realize more humanistic Islamic religious education learning. This research aims to determine the concept of implementing the Merdeka curriculum in the context of Islamic religious education learning and to determine the character and implications of the Merdeka curriculum in humanistic Islamic religious education learning for students. The research method used in this research is library research. Library research is a type of research where the data or material needed for research is obtained from sources in the library, such as books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, magazines, and so on. The results of the research show that the concept of implementing an Merdeka curriculum for humanistic Islamic religious education learning includes: human values, empathy, student-centered concern. The characteristics of humanistic Islamic religious education learning in the Merdeka curriculum include: individual orientation, social interaction, active learning, character development, flexibility in learning, and holistic evaluation. Meanwhile, the implications of Merdeka curriculum learning in humanistic Islamic religious education learning include: more interesting learning, stronger character development, critical and creative thinking skills, healthy social interaction, development of problem solving abilities, respect for diversity, independence in learning and relevance religion in everyday life. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the concept of an Merdeka curriculum, students' understanding of the teachings of Islam is deepened with an emphasis on human values, empathy and social care. In addition, students will conduct humanistic learning to develop better character, including the ability to empathize and deeper social understanding so that the realization of students who are ethical and care about society.
Performing Grasp and Lift function on artificial arm using EEG signals

Prosthetic limbs have come a long way from earlier models that uses wooden or metallic casing in which the effected limb is placed and then given the dimension as per the person, to modern day electronically controlled limbs that mimics the exacts same functions that a normal limb would have performed. In this paper one of the application of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) Signals is discussed, in which the EEG signals are employed to grasp and lift a particular object. Live electroencephalography (EEG) data that has undergone real-time preprocessing is utilized in our study. This data is subsequently transmitted to the limb, enabling it to execute the grasp and lift task. Techniques used here are deep learning (DL) model in which Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) have been used and compared to create neural network that performs very well and reach near accurate results.
Determining the shape of an intrusion: The Tallarook granite

Field-based studies can place constraints on the shape of granite intrusions with the results being complementary to the less direct approach using geophysics. The Tallarook plateau in central Victoria provides the necessary outcrop and topographic relief to allow mapping of the outer boundary of the granite in detail, and to infer a thin sheet-like form for an intrusion that was previously interpreted as a vertically extensive cylindrical body. The boundary of the Tallarook granite against hornfels is box-shaped in plan with sides of 5–10 km length. These sides are quite irregular on the scale of 100s of metres with many near-vertical and near-horizontal intervals that define a step-and-stair geometry. There are also intervals with moderate outward dip, and fewer inward-dipping intervals. Various parts of the exposed contact are inferred to be the roof of a granite sheet, sides, and the underside towards a floor. The near-horizontal intervals that delineate the roof of the granite are from 200 to 800 m above sea level, with the lowest elevation of the roof being where the Goulburn River cuts through the Tallarook granite. Late magmatic features such as tourmaline, pegmatite, vugs, aplite and quartz veins, are concentrated at the inferred roof. The underside of the granite on the southwest of the Tallarook plateau is 200 to 400 m above sea level. Initial estimate is that the thickness of the Tallarook granite is at least 400 m, and could be less than 1 km. The neighbouring 10 km2 Kerrisdale pluton has a 13 km outer boundary that has been mapped to reveal both flat and steep intervals. This pluton is inferred to be near-horizontal and a few hundred metres thick. This approach of detailed field mapping should be applicable to other granite intrusions though of course not all. In the example of Tallarook, detailed field mapping of the granite boundary has been effective despite the topography not being extreme and the outcrop being modest.
Digital Transformation Approaches for Enhancing the Success of MSMEs

This study aims to find out and analyze how digitalization efforts are in the context of empowering MSMEs, the obstacles in implementing digitalization efforts in the context of empowering MSMEs, and the efforts made by the West Java Cooperative Service in the process of digitizing efforts in the context of empowering these MSMEs. This study’s data collection techniques were interviews, observation, and documentation. The data processing model in this study is by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions through qualitative descriptive analysis techniques by collecting information and secondary data from various sources and from previous journals that link to the digitalization of MSMEs. The results of this study indicate that the efforts made by the West Java Cooperative Office are through socialization, training, coaching, and mentoring to improve the quality of human resources. However, in this case, the implementation related to these activities has not been carried out optimally. The socialization and training provided are not sustainable and cannot be evenly distributed to all MSMEs in the West Java environment. Through this research, it can provide information benefits to the West Java Cooperative Office to further optimize the implementation of digitalization efforts in the context of empowering MSMEs, which is helpful for the progress of MSMEs because, in the current era, it is required to be able to understand technology or digitalization.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Equitable K-12 Professional Learning Access in Computer Science

Computer science professional learning, widely available to 9-12 educators, has increased the number of AP CS courses offered in the U.S. and the number of students taking those courses. However, access to all CS classes remains unequal, dependent on the state, district, counselors, and teachers providing a pathway for K-12 students into the CS classrooms. A15-month project was undertaken to provide professional learning for K-12 educators to provide broader access for more students. The goal was to increase the knowledge and preparation of teachers in a wide range of school districts, as defined by socioeconomic status (SES), to meet state CS standards. Objectives included increasing the number of educators to teach CS, expanding equitable access to high-quality CS education, and providing resources to school districts to support CS education across the K-12 curriculum. Research questions include determining the most effective professional learning strategy for K-12 educators by grade band and identifying best practices to build a community of educators to support students in CS equitably. Strategies included physical and virtual events, single and multi-day workshops, individual study and out-of-class learning. Results show that 70% of the participants (n=175) came from districts with low SES factors. Short events and peer support enticed educators new to CS. In contrast, experienced CS educators wanted to meet nationally recognized norms, such as the Praxis CS examination, or learn advanced topics. These results can be used to provide more K-12 educators with CS professional learning.
Effects of Imidacloprid in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Effects of Exercise Training

The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver pathology in developed countries with an estimated prevalence of 20 to 30% in the American population. A typically benign and asymptomatic pathology, NAFLD is characterized by hepatic steatosis and abnormal levels of hepatic enzymes stemming from an increase in circulating free fatty acids originating from white adipose tissue lipolysis, an increased de novo lipogenesis, reduced fatty acid oxidation and decreased hepatic triglycerides secretion, all within an insulin resistance context. NAFLD has the potential to progress to the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a condition marked by inflammation, advanced oxidative stress and fibrosis. NASH is expected to be the leading cause of liver transplant by 2020 due to its complications (i.e.: cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure). Various xenobiotics such as pesticides have been shown to promote the apparition and development of NAFLD. Of interest to this study is the neonicotinoid imidacloprid, more contemporarily known for its suspected role in the colony collapse disorder of various anthophilae species. Imidacloprid has been shown to induce hepatic oxidative stress in rats, a significant factor in the development of NAFLD and its progression to NASH. Lifestyle modifications, namely physical exercise, is a current treatment which has been proven beneficial to prevent and treat NAFLD by reducing hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and improving insulin sensitivity. The role of any neonicotinoid on the development of NAFLD has yet to be examine and few have looked at the role of exercise in the treatment of NAFLD brought about by pesticide contamination.
Hazard assessment of Staphylococcus with positive coagulase in meat produced and distributed in the Northern regions of Cameroon

Aim: Staphylococcus with positive coagulase (SPC) is a major problem for beef consumers in the northern part of Cameroon. For this purpose, the SPC concentrations in beef produced and supplied in the northern regions were determined, as well as the resistance profile of these bacteria to antibiotics. Materials and Methods: A total of 125 samples were obtained by the wet and dry swabbing method in traditional slaughterhouses and butcheries to evaluate the SPC concentration in meat, and then, 102 SPC isolations were collected to determine the antibiotic resistance profile. Results: The distribution of concentration of the SPC indicated no significant differences of bacterial evidence in almost all the slaughterhouses except the one in Manwi (with 2.66 log CFU/cm²) and the density in SPC is higher than that one in Guider (1.99 log CFU/cm²). The assessment of density in SPC among the selected slaughterhouse highlighted a superiority of the SPC concentrations in the Ngaoundere butcheries (3.83 log CFU/cm²) in comparison with those of other towns. At the level of the slaughterhouses, a higher proportion of resistance to Penicillin G was recorded than Gentamicin. Some butcheries recorded that all SPC reacted to Kanamycin, whereas they were more resistant to Penicillin G. Conclusion: These results reveal that the SPC found in meat poses a threat to meat consumers in the northern part of Cameroon.
The consequences of long-term therapy with proton pump inhibitors

Introduction and purpose : Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were first developed in the late 1970s and introduced to the market in 1989. They are one of the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide. PPIs reduce gastric acid secretion in the stomach by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme. They have revolutionized the treatment of diseases related to excessive stomach acid secretion. Among the drugs belonging to this class, we should mention omeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole, dexlansoprasole and rabeprazole. A brief description of the state of knowledge : Since the 1990s, the use of proton pump inhibitors has been consistently increasing. Doctors prescribe these drugs more frequently, in higher doses, and for longer durations, although such practices are only sometimes fully justified. Although using them for a short period (less than eight weeks) is relatively safe, there is growing evidence of possible risks linked to their extended use. Many studies highlight the impact of long-term therapy on the development of tumors, deficiencies in micronutrients, the functioning of the skeletal, urinary, nervous, and cardiovascular systems, and the development of infections and diabetes. Summary (conclusions): Indeed,
Environmental Education Through Activities: Teacher Practices of Including Students’ Lived Experiences

This paper examines teachers’ use of students’ lived experiences in primary Environmental Studies (EVS) classrooms of government schools in suburban Mumbai. Data was collected through ethnographic field notes and semi-structured interviews across four schools and fifteen teachers teaching Grades 3 to 5. Environmental Education (EE) is a crucial aspect of the integrated STEM field, for advancing sustainability in a rapidly changing world. EE in primary grades in India is introduced through the subject ‘Environmental Studies’ (EVS). EVS integrates the concepts and issues of science (physical, chemical and biological), social studies (history, geography, civics, society, culture) and environment education (protection and conservation). Under efforts to generate quality education, several activities have been introduced to link theoretical concepts and students’ real-world scenarios. While the effectiveness of curricular activities and resources for EVS in promoting student learning is often investigated, teachers’ implementation of these materials have received less attention. Students bring different lived experiences into the classroom, and we examine what those mean to the teachers. We examine teachers’ approaches towards inviting these experiences as part of their process of adapting textbook activities. Episodes of teacher practice illustrate the wide variety in their use of timing and reasons for introducing and sustaining discussions with students. The study also describes how the teachers integrate their own life experiences with those of the students to support meaningful dialogue. Finally, teacher views on limitations and possibilities of using students’ lived experiences are discussed.
PERCEPTUAL SIMILARITY SPACE OF SERBIAN LEXICAL PITCH ACCENTS: EVIDENCE FROM SERBIAN AND FRENCH LISTENERS

Serbian lexical pitch accents have been characterized by two related perceptual dimensions: length and pitch [1]. In line with these two dimensions, the present study explored perceptual similarity space of Serbian lexical pitch accents as perceived by Serbian (native) speakers, the speakers of a pitch-accent language, and French (non-native) speakers, the speakers of a language with no word-level prosody. Participants completed an online free classification task which required them to position the given lexical pitch accents close to each other based on their similarity. The multi-dimensional scaling and results revealed length as a clear dimension of perceptual salience of lexical pitch accents, while pitch movement distinctions were often confused. The findings suggest that the perceptual space created by listener groups is largely shaped by listeners’ language experience, and that a lack of word-level prosodic categories in one’s language does not necessarily induce perceptual “insensitivity” to lexical pitch accents.
An Adaptive Deep Neural Network for Sleep Staging using Electroencephalogram

This paper presents an innovative framework known as the Adaptive Deep Neural Network (ADNN) designed for the automated classification of distinct sleep stages using a single-channel EEG signal. Leveraging the capabilities of deep learning for comprehensive pattern recognition, the approach integrates feature extraction, selection, and classification into a unified system. Initially, a wide array of features is extracted from both the time and time-frequency domains of the EEG signal. Subsequently, the ADNN is applied to discriminate between five different sleep stages, namely sleep stages 1, 2, slow wave sleep (encompassing sleep stages 3 and 4), REM sleep, and wakefulness. To facilitate efficient and precise sleep stage differentiation, the classification phase employs binary Support Vector Machines (SVMs) in conjunction with the one-against-all (OAA) strategy. The obtained results underscore the effectiveness of the ADNN-based approach in accurately categorizing sleep stages based on a single-channel EEG signal. This novel methodology demonstrates substantial potential for advancing the diagnosis and monitoring of sleep disorders, representing a promising breakthrough in the utilization of Electroencephalogram (EEG) for sleep staging.
Adapting Cybersecurity Teacher Training Camp to Virtual Learning

Over the past couple of years, many summer camps have found it necessary to transition their face-to-face programs into online experiences. When adapting it, it is critical to consider how to best ensure an educational experience similar to preceding programs. This raises two primary questions: what pedagogical tools and methods are supported in an online format that replicate the teachings in a face-to-face experience; and second, how to best maintain the efficacy of the program. We define efficacy as a combination of two measures: first, whether the camp matches the sponsor, GenCyber’s, mission of promoting the education of cybersecurity to K-12 students and teachers; and second, whether the camp maintains a high level of participation and reported interest. We evaluated our efficacy by analyzing the report provided by the official GenCyber team as well as by recording hours of participant activity, polling participants on a daily basis, and following up after the program with an additional questionnaire. We determined that the camp was effective due to near-unanimous daily approval, strong interest in repeating the camp, and a significant amount of real-world student exposure to cybersecurity topics. Approximately 65% of the twenty teachers who participated in the camp immediately implemented cybersecurity principles in their respective fields, ranging from subjects in science and mathematics to career education and ROTC. Our result shows that 950 K-12 students exposure to cybersecurity subjects within their course subjects in the first semester after the camp and 800 of those are not in the computer science course subjects.
Alleviating the Impact of Fingerprint Operations on NAND Flash Memory Storage Performance

Data deduplication has been extensively employed in NAND flash memory storage systems to mitigate write amplification. Nevertheless, the incorporation of fingerprint information in the data deduplication mechanism introduces performance overhead due to the necessity of updating the fingerprint store, which is stored in flash memory. This study endeavors to alleviate the burden of updating the fingerprint store by effectively managing invalid fingerprint information within the flash memory storage system. With the proposed solution, we have achieved promising outcomes in enhancing the performance of flash memory systems.
LLM4SecHW: Leveraging Domain-Specific Large Language Model for Hardware Debugging

This paper presents LLM4SECHW, a novel framework for hardware debugging that leverages domain-specific Large Language Model (LLM). Despite the success of LLMs in automating various software development tasks, their application in the hardware security domain has been limited due to the constraints of commercial LLMs and the scarcity of domain-specific data. To address these challenges, we propose a unique approach to compile a dataset of open-source hardware design defects and their remediation steps, utilizing version control data. This dataset provides a substantial foundation for training machine learning models for hardware. LLM4SECHW employs fine-tuning of medium-sized LLMs based on this dataset, enabling the identification and rectification of bugs in hardware designs. This pioneering approach offers a reference workflow for the application of fine-tuning domain-specific LLMs in other research areas. We evaluate the performance of our proposed system on various open-source hardware designs, demonstrating its efficacy in accurately identifying and correcting defects. Our work brings a new perspective on automating the quality control process in hardware design.
Full-custom Design of Improved Carry Adder Circuit for CLBs

As a highly repetitive logic operation unit in programmable logic modules, the operating speed of a carry adder circuit is crucial to the overall performance of the programmable logic circuit. In order to optimize circuit propagation delay and area overhead, this paper proposes an improved design scheme for carry adder circuits. Firstly, several basic adder structure types and their performance characteristics are compared to determine the most suitable architecture for carry adder circuits in programmable modules. Then, based on the carry-propagate principle of the carry lookahead adder, a novel single MOS transmission gate structure is proposed to optimize the underlying carry logic circuit. Finally, the carry adder circuit is implemented using a full-custom design flow in TSMC 28nm technology. Experimental results show that compared to existing logic designs, the proposed carry adder circuit in this paper reduces propagation delay and area overhead by 14% and 26.5% respectively.