Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Materials for "A Survey of Corpora in Computational and Cognitive Narrative Science"

The use of corpora, and especially annotated corpora, is key to advancing the scientific understanding of narrative. I seek here to answer several interrelated questions: what corpora have been used in computational and cognitive research on narrative to date? What are the general characteristics of these corpora, and are they adequate for the overall task of a scientific understanding of narrative? What types of narratives have been studied, what kinds of annotations have been applied to those narratives, and what gaps need to be filled? To answer these questions, I conducted a wide-ranging literature review, collecting a bibliography of over 2600 conference papers, journal articles, theses, reports, and books on the topic of the computational, cognitive, and (more generally) scientific1 study of narrative. I surveyed this bibliography for the use of corpora, and identified 167 unique text collections (155 with some sort of annotation) that could be considered a “corpus”. These corpora were used in more than 180 publications across twelve fields. This set contained seventeen different broad types of narratives, five different modalities, and approximately 42 different types of annotation. Of the types of annotations present, the most common complex is an annotation of Events, Named Entities, and Roles (~33 % of corpora) which indicates that a representation of the “who does what to whom” (i.e., the fabula) of narratives has been a key concern of researchers. Worryingly, I was able to identify only four corpora which provide enough information to capture a basic representation of fabula that were not annotated directly by their authors. This means that there is much work to be done in improving data collection standards in the field. Another observation was that the sense and meaning of words, narrative units, and other levels of the narratives is woefully under-represented. Finally, another important finding is that over half of the corpora identified have fewer than 20 texts, and many of these “narrative” corpora contain texts that are only barely “narrative” in nature. These observations lead to some clear recommendations for the directions of future research and resource-collection efforts. The paper is organized as follows. First I discuss the need for and utility of corpora in the scientific study of narrative (§1). I then outline the method I used for surveying the literature (§2), which resulted in a comprehensive list of 64 workshops, symposia, conferences, and other meetings that have been held on narrative science in the past 30 years (Table 7 in the Appendix). I then proceed to a detailed analysis of the results of the survey, identifying the different types of narratives, modalities, annotations, annotation methods, and so forth that I found (§3). Because the type and extent of annotation is
Brush-Based Ranking For Navigating Within High-Dimensional Datasets

The analysis of high-dimensional data means a big challenge, as most common visualization techniques do not scale well for displaying a large number of attributes at one time. Therefore, the initial questions arising when analyzing a new dataset typically concern the dimensions themselves in order to assess the relevance of various attributes and to identify clusters of similar (i.e., highly correlated) attributes. After considering this first step, entry-related tasks like detecting outliers or clusters of similar entries can be dealt with more efficiently in a second step. In this paper, we describe an approach which guides the user through a high-dimensional dataset by ranking dimensions and pairs of dimensions according to a large number of statistical summaries. The option to restrict the computations to subsets of the data (e.g., interactively defined by brushing a linked view) and to statistically compare various subsets makes this approach even more powerful and widely applicable, as illustrated by means of a biological dataset.
The Attitude Construct in IT Adoption Research - A Scientometric Analysis

Understanding user’s attitudes represents one of the major objectives in IS adoption research. However, in some IS adoption models, as the most famous representative the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the relationship between user’s attitude and behavioral intention was found to be insignificant and was therefore excluded from later modifications of the respective models (e.g. TAM II and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology). Some authors in IS adoption literature indicate that there are operational and conceptual misconceptions of the attitude construct in IS adoption literature. To provide more information for this discussion within this paper, the descriptive results of a scientometric survey of fourteen IS top journals spanning 20 years and 147 articles, are presented with regards to the socio psychological grounding of attitude research. Several situational factors of adoption situations in literature e.g. adoption context or voluntariness of usage were captured in the data in order to analyze the occurrence of each characteristic in IS adoption models with reference to their influence on the attitude construct.
Java transactions for the Internet

The Web frequently suffers from failures which affect the performance and consistency of applications run over it. An important fault-tolerance technique is the use of atomic transactions for controlling operations on services. While it has been possible to make server-side Web applications transactional, browsers typically did not possess such facilities. However, with the advent of Java it is now possible to consider empowering browsers so that they can fully participate within transactional applications. In this paper we present the design and implementation of a standards compliant transactional toolkit for the Web. The toolkit allows transactional applications to span Web browsers and servers and supports application specific customisation, so that an application can be made transactional without compromising the security policies operational at browsers and servers.
Application of MultiStem® Allogeneic Cells for Immunomodulatory Therapy: Clinical Progress and Pre-Clinical Challenges in Prophylaxis for Graft Versus Host Disease

The last decade has seen much progress in adjunctive cell therapy for immune disorders. Both corporate and institutional Phase III studies have been run using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) for treatment of Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD), and product approval has been achieved for treatment of pediatric GvHD in Canada and New Zealand (Prochymal®; Osiris Therapeutics). This effectiveness has prompted the prophylactic use of adherent stem cells at the time of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to prevent occurrence of GvHD and possibly provide stromal support for hematopoietic recovery. The MultiStem® product is an adult adherent stem cell product derived from bone marrow which has significant clinical exposure. MultiStem cells are currently in phase II clinical studies for treatment of ischemic stroke and ulcerative colitis, with Phase I studies completed in acute myocardial infarction and for GvHD prophylaxis in allogeneic HSCT, demonstrating that MultiStem administration was well tolerated while the incidence and severity of GvHD was reduced. In advancing this clinical approach, it is important to recognize that alternate models exist based on clinical manufacturing strategies. Corporate sponsors exploit the universal donor properties of adherent stem cells and manufacture at large scale, with many products obtained from one or limited donors and used across many patients. In Europe, institutional sponsors often produce allogeneic product in a patient designated context. For this approach, disposable bioreactors producing <10 products/donor in a closed system manner are very well suited. In this review, the use of adherent stem cells for GvHD prophylaxis is summarized and the suitability of disposable bioreactors for MultiStem production is presented, with an emphasis on quality control parameters, which are critical with a multiple donor approach for manufacturing.
Interactions of bottom-up and top-down processes in human evoked gamma-band activity

Oszillatorische Phänomene im menschlichen EEG haben in den letzten Jahren viel Beachtung gefunden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß die Analyse von EEG Signalen mit Methoden der Zeit–Frequenz Analyse eine wertvolle Ergänzung der traditionellen ereigniskorrelierten Potentiale (EKP) darstellt (siehe Herrmann et al., 2004b). Insbesondere hochfrequente Oszillationen im Gamma–Band, das ist der Frequenzbereich zwischen 30 und 80 Hz, sind in letzter Zeit vermehrt untersucht worden (Herrmann et al, 2004c; Kaiser und Lutzenberger, 2003; Tallon-Baudry, 2003). Viele Studien konnten belegen, daß Gamma-Band Aktivität im Zusammenhang mit verschiedenen perzeptuellen und kognitiven Prozessen steht. Trotz dieser Popularität der Gamma–Aktivität sind einige wichtige Eigenschaften dieses Phänomens bislang wenig untersucht und infolgedessen unverstanden geblieben. In meiner Arbeit habe ich mich bemüht, einige dieser Wissenslücken zu schließen. Insbesondere habe ich den Versuch unternommen, Parameter für optimale visuelle Stimulation zu finden, um zuverlässige Gamma–Band Signale als Korrelat perzeptueller Prozesse messen zu können, die Umstände zu identifizieren, unter denen diese Prozesse durch höhere Informationsverarbeitung moduliert werden können, und schließlich eine umfassende Erklärung solcher Modulationen zu geben, die eine große Anzahl scheinbar heterogener Forschungsergebnisse integrieren könnte. Prozesse, welche mit der Verarbeitung von Signalen aus der Umwelt verbunden sind, werden in den kognitiven Neurowissenschaften häufig als “bottom–up” bezeichnet. Hingegen nennt man solche Prozesse, welche aus dem kognitiven Sy-
Weighted residual estimators for a posteriori estimation of pointwise gradient errors in quasilinear elliptic problems

We present a weighted residual scheme for estimation of pointwise gradient errors in finite element methods for quasilinear elliptic problems. First we define computable residual weights which may be conveniently determined using local ellipticity properties of the underlying differential operator. Using a combination of theoretical and computational results, the resulting a posteriori error estimator is shown to bound the error up to nonessential constants and higher-order terms. Further properties of this estimator are investigated and illustrated using computational experiments.
The function of intermediate filaments in cell shape and cytoskeletal integrity

This study describes the development and use of a specific method for disassembling intermediate filament (IF) networks in living cells. It takes advantage of the disruptive effects of mimetic peptides derived from the amino acid sequence of the helix initiation 1A domain of IF protein chains. The results demonstrate that at 1:1 molar ratios, these peptides disassemble vimentin IF into small oligomeric complexes and monomers within 30 min at room temperature in vitro. Upon microinjection into cultured fibroblasts, these same peptides induce the rapid disassembly of IF networks. The disassembly process is accompanied by a dramatic alteration in cell shape and the destabilization of microtubule and actin-stress fiber networks. These changes in cell shape and IF assembly states are reversible. The results are discussed with respect to the roles of IF in cell shape and the maintenance of the integrity and mechanical properties of the cytoplasm, as well as the stability of the other major cytoskeletal systems.
Effects of caregiver-child interactions on play occupations among young children institutionalized in Eastern Europe.

OBJECTIVE We investigated whether children institutionalized in an orphanage would engage in more developmentally competent play with their caregivers as opposed to playing alone and whether specific qualities of caregiver-child interactions were associated with more developmentally competent play. METHOD Twenty-six children, ages 10 to 38 months, participated in independent play sessions and in a play session with a caregiver. Interrater reliability for coding play performance was established using the weighted kappa statistic (M = .82). Twelve pediatric experts rated both child and caregiver behaviors for the interactive sessions (mean effective reliability with intraclass correlations = .89). RESULTS The children demonstrated more developmentally competent play when interacting with a caregiver than when playing alone, t (25) = -1.88, p < . 04, one-tailed. The effect size was moderate (d = .53). Longer periods of institutionalization were associated with less improvement in play performance from independent to interactive play sessions (r = -.51, p < .01). Successful engagement for the child was associated with having a caregiver who provided more structure and assistance and who was directive and encouraging (r = .82, .75, .75, and .64, respectively). CONCLUSION Caregivers facilitated more developmentally competent participation in play with children residing in an orphanage, despite the fact that these interactions occurred in an environment vulnerable to many challenges not typical of an exclusive caregiver-child relationship. Findings are discussed in the context of environmental challenges and occupational therapy practice.
Predicting on retweeting of hot topic tweets in microblog

Weibo is a very popular microblogging social network for people to share and spread news with their followers in China. And everybody in Weibo can be an information source. The massages propagate quite quickly especially when it is a hot event. We proposed a method on how to predict the retweeting number of a certain tweet related to popular topic. Our algorithm is based on the similarity and attributes model of the tweets. We have proved that our algorithm has a good performance on predicting the tweets' retweeting number.
Design and anti-sway performance testing of pesticide tanks in spraying UAVs

Anti-sway performance is one of the most important factors that affect the stability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In this study, an anti-sway performance testing method and an evaluation formula for pesticide tanks were developed, which could facilitate the design and application of pesticide tank. The detection device mainly comprises a testing stand, a mounting and testing part, and a driving and control part. In the testing method, P (maximum pressure) measured by a barometer and t (fluctuation recovery time) measured by a high-speed camera were used as evaluation indexes. With the aim to determine the optimal position of the pressure detection device and the optimal filling ratio, four representative pesticide tanks were involved in this study. The results showed that the optimal position of the pressure detection device was at the middle position on the tank wall, halfway up from the bottom, and the optimal filling ratio was 0.8. Using P and t as evaluation indexes, a comprehensive evaluation formula was developed based on these tests: S=0.7Pi +0.3ti. Anti-sway performance of pesticide tanks was evaluated by a comprehensive score. A disk pesticide tank with a baffle was determined to be the best among the four types of pesticide tanks, showing a score of 1. The scores of the other three pesticide tanks were 0.500, 0.428 and 0.612, respectively. These results indicated that the baffle structure in the pesticide tank and the radian design of the tank wall can effectively improve the anti-sway performance of a pesticide tank. The proposed detection device and test method are simpler and more intuitive compared to other approaches in evaluating the anti-sway performance of pesticide tanks in spraying UAVs, and they can be used as a reference to guide the design of pesticide tanks and the stability evaluation of spraying UAVs. Keywords: spraying UAV, pesticide tank, liquid sloshing, anti-sway performance test, detection method DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe. 20191201.4338 Citation: Zang Y, Zang Y, Zhou Z Y, Gu X Y, Jiang R, Kong L X, et al. Design and anti-sway performance testing of pesticide tanks in spraying UAVs. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(1): 10–16.
Competence, specificity and outsourcing: impact on the complexity of the contract

With the blurring of the corporation's traditional boundaries, new forms of contracting have progressively emerged. Outsourcing is one of the most prominent ones. This paper focus on outsourcing as an instance of vertical disintegration i.e. letting suppliers take over activities that were once undertaken in-house which has been far less researched than the classical 'Make or Buy' issue. Outsourcing as an instance of vertical disintegration is currently booming in service and support activities. Service outsourcing has recently moved beyond basic activities e.g., gardening, catering and cleaning to encompass more elaborate activities of the value chain e.g., information technology systems e.g., telecommunications, transportation, logistics, R&D.
A PolSAR image speckle filtering method preserving point targets and dominant scattering mechanisms

ABSTRACT A new approach in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) speckle filtering is proposed in this article. The proposed method preserves both point targets and dominant scattering mechanisms. The point targets are detected based on the span image, and they are then neither filtered nor involved in the other pixels’ filtering. To achieve the protection of the dominant scattering mechanism of each pixel, only pixels of the same dominant scattering mechanism as the centre pixel are included in the selection of the homogeneous pixels. Both point targets not being filtered and fact that only pixels of the same dominant scattering mechanism are included in the selection of the homogeneous pixels, which greatly improves the filtering efficiency. A likelihood-ratio test statistic based on the PolSAR covariance matrices is applied to determine the homogeneous pixels. Finally, the speckle filtering is processed using the weighted minimum mean square error estimator on the homogeneous pixels. We demonstrate the obvious advantages of the proposed method over other algorithms in the preservation of point targets and dominant scattering mechanisms, speckle suppression, protection of detail information, and maintenance of polarization information, by the use of both simulated and real PolSAR data.
A fast algorithm to find all high degree vertices in power law graphs

Sampling from large graphs is an area which is of great interest, particularly with the recent emergence of huge structures such as Online Social Networks. These often contain hundreds of millions of vertices and billions of edges. The large size of these networks makes it computationally expensive to obtain structural properties of the underlying graph by exhaustive search. If we can estimate these properties by taking small but representative samples from the network, then size is no longer a problem. In this paper we develop an analysis of random walks, a commonly used method of sampling from networks. We present a method of biassing the random walk to acquire a complete sample of high degree vertices of social networks, or similar graphs. The preferential attachment model is a common method to generate graphs with a power law degree sequence. For this model, we prove that this sampling method is successful with high probability. We also make experimental studies of the method on various real world networks. For t-vertex graphs G(t) generated by a preferential attachment process, we analyze a biassed random walk which makes transitions along undirected edges {x,y} proportional to [d(x)d(y)]b, where d(x) is the degree of vertex x and b > 0 is a constant parameter. Let S(a) be the set of all vertices of degree at least ta in G(t). We show that for some b approx 2/3, if the biassed random walk starts at an arbitrary vertex of S(a), then with high probability the set S(a) can be discovered completely in ~O(t1-(4/3)a+d) steps, where d is a very small positive constant. The notation ~O ignores poly-log t factors. The preferential attachment process generates graphs with power law 3, so the above example is a special case of this result. For graphs with degree sequence power law c>2 generated by a generalized preferential attachment process, a random walk with transitions along undirected edges {x,y} proportional to (d(x)d(y))(c-2)/2, discovers the set S(a) completely in ~O(t1-a(c-2)+d) steps with high probability. The cover time of the graph is ~O(t). Our results say that if we search preferential attachment graphs with a bias b=(c-2)/2 proportional to the power law c then, (i) we can find all high degree vertices quickly, and (ii) the time to discover all vertices is not much higher than in the case of a simple random walk. We conduct experimental tests on generated networks and real-world networks, which confirm these two properties.
Optimized Design and Analysis of Sparse-Sampling fMRI Experiments

Sparse-sampling is an important methodological advance in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in which silent delays are introduced between MR volume acquisitions, allowing for the presentation of auditory stimuli without contamination by acoustic scanner noise and for overt vocal responses without motion-induced artifacts in the functional time series. As such, the sparse-sampling technique has become a mainstay of principled fMRI research into the cognitive and systems neuroscience of speech, language, hearing, and music. Despite being in use for over a decade, there has been little systematic investigation of the acquisition parameters, experimental design considerations, and statistical analysis approaches that bear on the results and interpretation of sparse-sampling fMRI experiments. In this report, we examined how design and analysis choices related to the duration of repetition time (TR) delay (an acquisition parameter), stimulation rate (an experimental design parameter), and model basis function (an analysis parameter) act independently and interactively to affect the neural activation profiles observed in fMRI. First, we conducted a series of computational simulations to explore the parameter space of sparse design and analysis with respect to these variables; second, we validated the results of these simulations in a series of sparse-sampling fMRI experiments. Overall, these experiments suggest the employment of three methodological approaches that can, in many situations, substantially improve the detection of neurophysiological response in sparse fMRI: (1) Sparse analyses should utilize a physiologically informed model that incorporates hemodynamic response convolution to reduce model error. (2) The design of sparse fMRI experiments should maintain a high rate of stimulus presentation to maximize effect size. (3) TR delays of short to intermediate length can be used between acquisitions of sparse-sampled functional image volumes to increase the number of samples and improve statistical power.
Exponentiated Gradient Algorithms for Large-margin Structured Classification

We consider the problem of structured classification, where the task is to predict a label y from an input x, and y has meaningful internal structure. Our framework includes supervised training of Markov random fields and weighted context-free grammars as special cases. We describe an algorithm that solves the large-margin optimization problem defined in [12], using an exponential-family (Gibbs distribution) representation of structured objects. The algorithm is efficient—even in cases where the number of labels y is exponential in size—provided that certain expectations under Gibbs distributions can be calculated efficiently. The method for structured labels relies on a more general result, specifically the application of exponentiated gradient updates [7, 8] to quadratic programs.