Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Profile of Adolescents Admitted on an Inpatient Psychiatry Unit in Nigeria and Their Evaluation of the Service

Aims: This study set out to describe the profile of adolescents admitted unto an inpatient unit in Nigeria and their evaluation of the service. Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study. Place and duration of study: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria between January 2016 and February 2020. Methodology: Patient notes and discharge summaries were used to collect the demographic characteristics of adolescents and their families, diagnoses and treatments provided during the hospital stay. A feedback form was used to evaluate different aspects of the service. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis for open ended responses. Results: There were slightly more females (56.4%) than males (43.6%)admitted during the period of study and their mean age was 18.2 years (SD =3.0). The most common psychiatry diagnosis was psychotic disorders (48.9%) followed by mood disorders (38.3%). Almost half (48.6%) had 2 or Original Research Article Bella-Awusah et al.; INDJ, 15(2): 39-50, 2021; Article no.INDJ. 65698 40 more psychiatric diagnosis. Second generation antipsychotics were the most frequently used medications by the participants (76.6%). Median length of stay on the unit was 2.5 weeks (IQR = 2.6). Themes which emerged from patients’ experiences on the ward were reductions in feelings of isolation, changes in mental health perceptions and self – discovery. Strengths of the unit included staff responsiveness and team work. Weaknesses of the unit cited were the poor physical environment, and inflexible routines. Suggestions on how to improve the unit included increasing recreational and physical activities and staff re training. Parents/guardians also wanted more support for themselves, and peer support for their children. Conclusions: Majority of patients admitted onto this unit were older adolescents with psychotic and mood disorders. They and their parents/guardians were generally satisfied with the treatment milieu of the unit, and gave recommendations for further improvement of services on the unit.
PRE December 2013 rev.indd

As part of its effort to combat poverty and improve the country’s competitiveness through education, the Philippine government provides financial support to hundreds of thousands of students coursed through subsidized state universities and colleges (sucs), which today number 110 all over the archipelago. The effectiveness with which these institutions use taxpayers’ money is under constant public scrutiny. We explore the cost efficiency of sucs, taking into consideration their ability to produce graduates and board passers given the budget allocation they receive annually, for the period 2006–2010. Universities are analysed separately from colleges owing to the inherent differences in their operative structures. State universities are found to be more cost efficient than state colleges, a fact attributable in part to their larger scale and scope of operation. Calculations show that state universities are characterized by economies of scale and scope, while state colleges are not. This has significant implications for their educational function.
THE EFFECTS OF POPULAR PRO-SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR CHILDREN ON PEERS AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT

The aims of the study were to find out the effects of popular pro-social children on peers and school environment. Mixed methods were used in the present study which had two phases; quantitative method and qualitative method. Peer matrix of peer nomination was used as data collection in quantitative, meanwhile interview was used in qualitative method. The results revealed that 5 popular children obtained from peer matrix of peer nomination were liked most by peers. The Results indicated that popular children gave effects on peers and school environment. Popular children influenced their peers and school environment in pro-social behaviour, leadership, and academic achievement. Meanwhile, besides in academic achievement homeroom teachers also agreed on the effects of popular children in pro-social behaviour.
: Exploring the Teaching Personas of College Professors

This exploratory study sought to identify the existence of a “teaching persona” in college professors. Specifically, an examination of self-reported differences in traits displayed as teachers versus in everyday life was conducted. Also investigated were feelings of job satisfaction and burnout in relation to these differences. Findings suggest that professors see themselves as more extraverted, emotionally stable, caring/supportive, professionally competent, and better communicators as teachers than in their everyday lives. However, adjunct professors lacked distinctiveness in all areas. Social science professors were less open to new experiences as teachers than in their everyday lives, while natural science professors were more open. In a few instances, larger differences between one’s teaching persona and everyday life were significantly related to more burnout and less job satisfaction. Being more conscientious, feeling more capable, and perceiving oneself as a better communicator in the teacher-role was associated with more job burnout.
Comparison of the Demographics and Ratio of Rotavirus-Associated Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis to Rotavirus Gastroenteritis before and after Rotavirus Vaccination over a Period of 20 Years

our center, we aimed to investigate changes in the ratio of rotavirus-associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (RaCwG) to RVGE and in patients’ demographics after rotavirus vaccination. Methods: We analyzed the data of patients aged ≤6 years who visited Inha University Hospital between January 1999 and December 2019 and were confirmed to have RVGE. Patients were divided according to whether they had convulsions with mild gastroenteritis, and their demographics were compared. The yearly and monthly ratios of RaCwG to RVGE were evaluated. To investigate the effects of rotavirus vaccination, data regarding demographics and prevalence were divided into periods I (pre-vaccination, 1999–2009) and II (post-vaccination, 2010–2019) and compared. Results: Altogether, 2,100 children had RVGE, and 50 (2.4%) had RaCwG. RaCwG occurred frequently every 4 to 6 years. Although the total number of RVGE and RaCwG cases significantly decreased in period II versus period I, the ratio of RaCwG to RVGE did not differ between the two groups (P=0.921). The age distribution shifted upwards in period II versus period I (P=0.001), but the sex ratio and seasonal distribution showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Considering that the ratio of RaCwG to RVGE is dynamic, an increase in the ratio of RaCwG may be possible in the future. Although there was no change in the ratio of RaCwG to RVGE, the number of RVGE and RaCwG patients decreased simultaneously, suggesting that rotavirus vaccination was effective in preventing RaCwG.
Toxicokinetics and metabolic study of 2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′- dimethoxybenzophenone

ABSTRACT 2,2′-Dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone (UV-D) is one of the benzophenones, which is widely used as UV filter to protect industrial and commercial products from light. This compound is suspected as a kind of endocrine-disrupting chemical, which might interfere with hormonal signaling pathways, and have potential adverse effects on human health. Thus, toxicity and metabolism of it could be important to know its biological effect. As little is known about the toxicokinetics and metabolism of UV-D, herein, the related study was performed on rats by orally administrating with UV-D. UV-D was found to be promptly metabolized to five main metabolites, which were further identified by high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Demethylation, hydroxylation, sulfonation, and glucuronidation were the main metabolic pathways for UV-D. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Screening for Speech and Language Delay among Children Up to or Less than 3 years Seen in the Children Clinic of a Tertiary Hospital in Port Harcourt

Background: In the literature, there appears to be a lot of data on speech delay in children but most emanated from the western world, but little from sub-Sahara Africa especially Nigeria. This study therefore is to determine the prevalence and the risk factors of speech and language delay among children up to or less than 3years seen in our environment. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study carried out in the Paediatric outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt teaching hospital within the period of June 2020 to September 2020. The Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST 0-3) and Trivandrum Development Screening Chart (TDSC 0-3) are the tools used both to determine the speech and language delays and the developmental milestone in these children aged 0-3 years. Any child 3 years and below attending the clinic was included in the study; however children with apparent syndromes are excluded as well as children whose parents decline to give consent. IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics was employed in the analysis. Results: The study comprised of 157 subjects with ages ranging from 2 months to 36 months. There is a significant relationship between hearing impairment and language/speech delay (p=0.002). There was a significant relationship between the various identified delays and a history of jaundice in the neonatal period. A prevalence of 15.3% for language/speech delay was obtained. Conclusion: Language/speech delay is prevalent in our environment. Perinatal risk factors are significantly associated with these delays.
Left Ventricular Geometry and N-terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Egyptian Children with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) patients especially for those on dialysis. Left ventricular echocardiography changes are common. N-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic peptide (NAP) is a sensitive predictor for ventricular stress. Aim of the Study: Our aim is to assess left ventricular Echocardiography abnormalities in CKD patients and their relation to serum NT pro BNP levels. Methods: TheStudy included; 51 patients with different stages of CKD (21 patients were (CKD1-4) on predialysis conservative treatment, 30 patients with (CKD 5) on hemodialysis), and 20 healthy control group. Patients were subjected to echocardiography and serum measurement of BNP by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Abnormal left ventricular geometry patterns were seen in 17/21 (81%) CKD pre dialysis patients (concentric hypertrophy in 8 patients, eccentric hypertrophy in 8 patients and concentric remodeling in one patient). Those on dialysis 28/30 (93%) showed abnormal left ventricular geometry patterns (23 had concentric hypertrophy, 4 had eccentric hypertrophy and one patient had concentric remodeling). Mean NT pro BNP level was significantly higher in ESRD on dialysis (182.49 ± 136.57) vs pre dialysis group (29.72 ± 34.77) and control group (1.13 ± 2.97) (p < 0.001). Total patient sample (51cases) showed significant positive correlations between NT pro BNP level with hypertension, left ventricular mass (LVM), LVM2.7, LVM2, relative wall thickness (RWT) and serum creatinine (p = 0.0007, 0.01, 0.0007, 0.0005, 0.0002 respectively),significant negative correlation with ejection fraction (P = 0.04). Conclusion: Measuring plasma concentration of BNP, may be useful for the identification of CKD patients with abnormal left ventricular Geometry. Recommendations: Routine echocardiography is recommended in early stages of CKD.
The Impacts of Exercise-Intervention on the Prevention and Treatment of Some Types of Cancer

Physical exercise has been well documented on physical fitness, functional capacity, cardiovascular disease, reduced risk of mortality and even cancer prevention. Recent experimental research revealed that voluntary exercise leads to a significant reduction in tumor size and tumor growth across several murine models [1]. Increased immune cell functions and the influx of immune cell as well as changes of body composition, systemic inflammation have been suggested to a significant role. Different type and different mode of exercise interventions have been analyzed in the caner populations and have resulted in general recommendations for increasing physical activity. These kinds of physical activity contributes to enhanced to health and utilitarian outcomes in cancer populations irrespective of the cancer type and stroma. Exercise interventions at moderate and vigorous intensity are reported to safe and evaluated in fitness improvement such as VO2 max, VO2 peak and muscle strength compare to at a lower level of exercise intensity [2]. Lower exercise intensity also revealed the enhancement of health-reORIGINAL ARTICLE REVIEW ISSN(Print) : 1226-1726 ISSN(Online) 2384-0544
Ocular abnormalities in patients with beta-thalassemia: a prospective study

Background: Beta thalassemia is severe genetic blood disorder caused by mutation in the gene encoding for the beta chains of haemoglobin and individuals with beta thalassemia require life-long red blood cell transfusions to survive which leads to hemosiderosis and affects all the organs in the body including eyes. The study aims to study ocular manifestations in these children and its correlation with age and serum ferritin levels.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in government medical college Jammu in 2014-2015 on 67 BTM children. Children below 3 years of age and with pre-existing ocular abnormalities, infections were excluded from the study. Ocular examination was done for any major eye abnormality, congenital malformations or trauma. Retinal examination was done using direct and indirect ophthalmoscope, changes were recorded.Results: 47.76% of children belonging to the group: 5-10 years, while only 5.97%, i.e., 4 in number pertained to the age group: >15 years. Lens opacity was seen in 29.85% of children. 31 children showed changes in retinal activity, while decreased visual acuity was also observed in 17 children. Iris was significantly affected in children with serum ferritin >2500 ng/ml. Even greater lenticular changes and opacities were observed in children with higher serum ferritin levels (>4500 ng/ml). Conclusions: As life expectancy for beta-thalassemia patients extends, regular monitoring of the progression of disease and symptoms to detect early changes in their ocular system is recommended, to achieve a better quality of life for this patient group.
Knowledge, Beliefs and Factors Affecting the Use of Generic Medicines among Patients in Ibb, Yemen: A Mixed-method Study

Objectives: This study was aimed to explore the knowledge and beliefs of patients in Ibb, Yemen, regarding generic medicines and identify factors affecting their use of these medicines. Methods: A mixed qualitative and quantitative study was conducted between Jan 1 and Mar 31, 2017 in Ibb, Yemen. A total of 310 patients participated in this study. The questionnaire used for data collection comprised of two sections. The first section covered participants' demographic information and contained six questions addressing patients' ability to differentiate between generic and brand-name medications. The second section comprises 15 items regarding patients' beliefs about generic medicines, answered using a five-point Likert scale. Additionally, seven patients were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide to explore further the factors affecting their generic medicine use. Results: Only 17.4% of patients knew the difference between generic and brand-name medicines. Approximately 59 (19%) patients believed that generic medicines' efficacy was the same as that of brand-name medicines, while 42 (13.5%) believed that generic medicines took longer to take effect. The vast majority of patients (252) (81.3%) believed that generic medicines were appropriate for less serious medical conditions. Only 84 patients (27.1%) believed that generic medications were the same as brand-name ones. Furthermore, the majority of patients held negative beliefs about generic medicines. The study also found that the price of medicines, physicians' recommendations, and pharmacy dispensers contributed to patients' use of generic medications. Conclusion: This study found that Yemen patients have insufficient knowledge of and negative beliefs about generic medicines. Special oriented and well-designed programs to educate and improve patients and healthcare professionals' understanding and beliefs about generic medicines are urgently needed.
Synthetic nitrogen coupled with seaweed extract and microbial inoculants improves rice (Oryza sativa L.) production under a dual cropping system

The over-reliance on synthetic nitrogen (N) in current farming is a major concern because of its adverse effects on soil quality, the environment, and crop production. Organic fertilizers such as seaweed extract (SE) and microbial inoculants (MI) provide alternatives to chemical fertilizers that could decrease the amount of synthetic N needing to be applied and improve crop growth productivity. This study evaluated the combined effect of SE and MI with reduced N rates on the growth, biomass accumulation, yield, and yield components of an N-efficient rice cultivar (Baixiang 139-A) and N-inefficient rice cultivar (Guiyu 9-B). Field experiments were conducted in the early and late growing seasons at different sites in Guangxi province, China, in 2019. A total of five treatments, such as T1: N 180 + SE 0 + MI 0 (kg ha–1) (control); T2: N 180 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha –1); T3: N 144 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha–1); T4: N 126 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha–1); and T5: N 108 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha–1) were used. The leaf area index (LAI), effective panicle number, grain per spike, grain filling rate, and 1000-grain weight were significantly increased in T2 and T3 compared with the control. The treatments T2 and T3 enhanced the biomass accumulation and grain yield of rice compared with the control. Furthermore, differences in the growth, yield, and yield components among the different cultivars were significant; however, there were no significant differences among the different locations. T3 increased the LAI, grain filling rate, biomass accumulation, and grain yield of rice by 4.5%, 5.9%, 6.6%, and 5.2%, respectively, compared with the control. Improvements in grain yield were mainly attributed to the enhanced growth and yield components. The correlation analysis also confirmed that LAI, productive tillers, grain filling rate, and biomass accumulation were positively correlated with grain yield. In sum, T3 [N144 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha–1)] could achieve higher grain yield despite a reduction in the usage of chemical N. Generally, this study provides a sustainable nutrient management plan that increases crop production while minimizing costs of chemical N fertilizer application.
Bio active materials in pediatric dentistry: A review

Remineralization, a natural repair process of carious tooth, is widely followed treatment strategy and requires action of specific agents, which may further assist in preventing formation of newer lesions in the oral cavity. Materials which promote the remineralization are extensively researched and understanding the action of these materials and their dynamics is utmost important.These bioactive and biomimetic materials have evolved over a period of four decades and have become specialized, easier to manipulate with better properties. A continuous research for further betterment of these materials to meet the increasing clinical and restorative needs should be promoted. The future of dentistry shifts towards use of these biomimetic materials and the aim is to provide the tooth with minerals rather than using chemicals to restore. This article focuses about various bio active materials and their applications in pediatric dentistry.
The use of different stingless bee species to pollinate cherry tomatoes under protected cultivation

MC Moura-Moraes, W Frantine-Silva, MC Gaglianone, LAO Campos – Stingless bee pollination in cherry tomatoes 2 other hand, greenhouse crops have a scarcity of wind and animal pollination conditions that are usually counterbalanced by mechanically induced vibration and airflow (Bell et al., 2006). These pollination techniques increase production costs and represent losses to the commercial value (Picken, 1984; Westerkamp & Gottsberger, 2000; Cruz & Campos, 2009). Therefore, in recent years, the management of tomato pollinators in greenhouse crops has been tested through the introduction of bees including Amegilla (Notomegilla) chlorocyanea Cockerell (Hogendoorn et al., 2006); Apis mellifera L. (Bispo dos Santos et al., 2009); Xylocopa species (reviewed in Velthuis & van Doorn, 2006); and the stingless bees Nannotrigona perilampoides (Cresson) (Cauich et al., 2004; Palma et al., 2008) and Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier (Del Sarto et al., 2005; Bispo dos Santos et al., 2009; Hikawa & Miyanaga, 2009; Bartelli & Nogueira-Ferreira, 2014; Silva-Neto et al., 2018). The stingless bees Partamona helleri (Friese), Melipona bicolor Lepeletier, and Nannotrigona testaceicornis Lepeletier display different behavior during visits to poricidal anthers, buzzing (P. helleri and M. bicolor) and scraping (N. testaceicornis), and there is no information about these species on greenhouse crops. Although N. testaceicornis has been surveyed in some openfield crops (Dos Santos et al., 2008; Cruz & Campos, 2009) and P. helleri in wild plants in Brazil (Lopes De Carvalho et al., 1999, Ramalho, 2004, Taura & Laroca, 2004, Azevedo et al., 2007, Carvalho, 2007), we did not find any data about their interaction with plants in greenhouses. Interest in managing stingless bees for pollination of agricultural crops has increased considerably in recent years. This is due to the high richness of species, their little aggressive behavior with easy and known handling and multiplication of colonies (Nogueira-Neto, 1997). In the current study, we evaluated the viability of the stingless bees Melipona bicolor, Nannotrigona testaceicornis, and Partamona helleri for pollination of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) in greenhouses, as well as their effectiveness in simultaneous use. Our expectation was that pollination by more than one bee species would enhance the fruit set and quality of the fruits produced. Material and methods
EFFECT OF INTERCROPPING ON SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN AN OLIVE ORCHARD

Conservational agricultural practices need to be implemented for improving agricultural productivity and protecting soils in a changing climate. Intercropping systems indicating multiple cropping within the same space may be used as an alternative production system which involves various plant species. This system reduces mineral N-fertilizer use and also improves soil physical and chemical properties. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of four different intercrops (ibarley+pea, iibarley+vetch, iiitriticale+pea, and ivtriticale+vetch) in an olive orchard on biomass yield, and some physical and chemical soil properties in a two-year field experiment in South-East Turkey. The biomass yield, soil porosity, bulk density, penetration resistance, aggregate stability, and soil organic matter content have been determined at the end of each harvest. The highest biomass yield was recorded in triticale+pea, while the lowest yield was obtained under barley+vetch treatment. A significant positive relationship was determined between aggregate stability and biomass yield, in contrast significant negative relationship was obtained between penetration resistance and biomass yield. The results of the study clearly showed that intercrops (specifically triticale+pea) can be used to produce additional biomass for animal husbandry and improve soil quality in olive tree plantations.