Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application and Mechanisms of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) in Improving Psychological State in Cancer Patients

This review article is an overview of the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) in Improving Psychological State in Cancer Patients. iCBT's effectiveness has been investigated in treating and managing conditions like depression, psychiatric disorders, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), adjustment disorder, bipolar disorder, chronic pain, and phobias. iCBT's role in the treatment of medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus with comorbid psychiatric illnesses was also explored. We conducted a thorough literature search using PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Wanfang with no restrictions on the date. iCBT's role in treating and controlling psychiatric illnesses in cancer patients has been established in the literature. Development and popularization of iCBT, treament forms of iCBT, platforms for iCBT, application of iCBT, strategies and efficacy of iCBT for insomnia in cancer patients, current status of iCBT application, and genetic researches on iCBT for anxiety disorders were all reviewed and discussed in this review. From the data compiled, we conclude that iCBT is useful in treating or improving psychological state in cancer patients.
Diurnal Wind Variation in the Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere over Japan

The diurnal variation of wind at nine levels between 1000 and 100mb over eight Japanese stations is obtained from the balloon data during the period of 1956 and 1958. The result of computation indicates that the structure and behavior of the diurnal tidal motion in the troposphere and lower stratosphere are strongly affected by surface topography. This fact is also confirmed by a comparison study of vertical distributions of the diurnal meridional wind oscillation at a coastal, an inland and a mid-ocean stations in middle latitudes. The dominance of vertically propagating modes in the lower atmosphere over the coastal station, and somewhat large magnitude of trapped modes originated in the planetary boundary layer over the inland station are found. Difference between the observation and theory is also discussed.
Surface water quality assessment in the Bach Dang river basin, Vietnam: using water quality index and geographical information system methods

The study evaluates the surface water quality of the Bach Dang river basin. During the rainy season, the temperature, pH, EC, BOD5, COD, coliforms, ammonium and phosphate values were 27 °C–37 °C, 6.6–8.9, 300–2200 μS cm−1, 5–25 mg l−1, 5–26 mg l−1, 0–3000 MPN/100 mL, below 0.01 mg l−1, and 0.02 mg l−1, respective. During the rainy and dry seasons, Zn, Pb, Cr, As, Fe and Mn levels were below drinking water limits. In the rainy season, the water quality index varied from 76 to 91, signifying medium to excellent water quality. The most outstanding water quality sites were the QN12, QN18, and QN22. During the dry season, most areas had moderate to excellent (WQI values between 61 and 93), except for QN01, QN03, QN04, QN05, QN06, QN07, QN11, QN16, QN17, QN19, and QN23, where it dropped to moderate (61–73). The temperatures were greater and higher EC values in the southeast. The DO concentrations were higher in the northwest and southeast in both seasons. The southern and southeastern regions exhibited more excellent COD and BOD5 values than the western, southwest, north, and northeast regions. The ammonium concentrations were higher in the southeast. During the dry season, the phosphate levels exceeded the permissible limit in the west, southeast, east, and northeast. Coliforms were below acceptable in both seasons, with greater levels in the northwest and northeast during the dry season. In addition, the Zn and Pb are favorably associated with the As, Mn, ammonium and phosphate in the rainy season. The COD positively correlated with the coliforms and BOD5. In the dry season, the pH inversely correlated with the Pb and Fe positively. The ammonium correlated negatively with the DO and positively with the phosphates. The pH negatively connected with the alkalinity, while the As positively correlated with the BOD5 and COD.
Injury Prevalence among Young Elite Baseball Players

This study aimed to describe the injury profiles of young Korean baseball players according to position and age as the proportion and distribution of injuries based on playing position and age remains unclear. A total of 271 elite youth baseball players aged 8 to 16 years were divided into two groups: elementary school (ES) (n = 135) and middle school (MS) (n = 136). The participants’ basic, baseball practice, and injury information were collected. Injuries in the MS group were not limited to the elbow and shoulder, and injury prevalence varied by age group and baseball position. The most injured body region in the ES group was the elbow joint, regardless of the position. In contrast, the most injured body region in the MS group was the lower back, except for infielders whose elbows were the most injured. Additionally, the MS group was more likely to experience injuries to the lower back (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 2.47–7.40), shoulder (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.08–3.43; p = 0.024), and knee (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.17–3.94; p = 0.012). Our findings indicate that excessive practice and a lack of rest during MS (growth spurt period) can significantly increase the risk of lower back problems in young baseball players.
Optical Performance of a Segmented Extended-Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens under the Influence of Different Values of Spherical Aberration Generated by Refractive Surgery

Background: Corneal refractive surgery induces high-order aberrations, specifically spherical aberration (SA). These aberrations can have implications when patients later develop cataracts and require the implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs). MIOLs with asymmetric designs pose challenges in predicting outcomes, particularly in these cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate how different values of SA, resulting from various types of refractive surgeries, affect the optical performance of the FEMTIS Comfort intraocular lens. Methods: The through-focus modulation transfer function (TF-MTF) curve and high-contrast images of tumbling E were used as parameters to assess the optical performance of the MIOL. These parameters were measured using an adaptive optics visual simulator. Results: Increasingly negative values of SA make the MIOL more bifocal, moderating its extended-depth-of-focus characteristic. Conversely, higher positive SA values cause the TF-MTF curve to shift towards positive vergences, leading to worsened distance vision in the +1.00 to +2.00 D range, but improved vision in the +0.50 D to +1.00 D range. Conclusions: Assessing SA in patients prior to implanting MIOLs with asymmetric designs is necessary for predicting outcomes and making informed decisions based on the visual requirements of patients.
The electron cyclotron emission imaging system on EAST with continuous large observation area

A 384 channels (24 vertical × 16 radial) Electron Cyclotron Emission Imaging (ECEI) system has been installed on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). With the aid of advanced front optics, high spaital resolution around 1.1cm and flexible vertical coverage 30 ∼ 70 cm have been realized. The well-designed optics also provides a long Rayleigh length up to 70 cm even with an object length larger than 2.6 m. The electronic system has a wide immediate frequency (IF) bandwidth 2 ∼ 16.5 GHz, which enables a continuous radial coverage up to 25 cm. Benefited from advanced optics design and the wide IF bandwidth, the ECEI system with high spatial resolution can provide a large and continuous view field, especially in the radial direction, which is enough for the observation of the whole q = 1 surface. The comprehensive details of the ECEI system will be presented in this paper, along with some experimental results.
Gendered Blame: Narratives of Participation in Genocide

This article draws upon interviews with 74 Rwandans to analyze how they explain civilian participation in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Specifically, we assess how Rwandans describe why men and women perpetrated genocide. We find that respondents commonly attribute men’s participation in the genocide to structural, external factors, such as government orders. However, respondents regularly attribute women’s participation to jealousy and other factors tied to their personalities. We also assess how the attribution of blame may impact the treatment of formerly incarcerated individuals, suggesting that gendered views of the women who committed genocide may hinder their reentry and reintegration.
Development Results of a Cross-Platform Positioning System for a Robotics Feed System at a Dairy Cattle Complex

Practical experience demonstrates that the development of agriculture is following the path of automating and robotizing operational processes. The operation of feed pushing in the feeding alley is an integral part of the feeding process and significantly impacts dairy cattle productivity. The aim of this research is to develop an algorithm for automatic positioning and a mobile remote-control system for a wheeled robot on a dairy farm. The kinematic and dynamic motion characteristics of the wheeled robot were obtained using software that allows simulation of physical processes in an artificial environment. The mobile application was developed using Swift tools, with the preliminary visualization of interfaces and graphic design. The system uses technical vision based on RGB cameras and programmed color filters and is responsible for the automatic positioning of the feed-pusher robot. This system made it possible to eliminate the inductive sensors from the system and suspend the labor effort required for assembling the contour wire of the feed alley. By assessing the interaction between the mobile app and the feed pusher via the base station connected to the Internet and located on the farm, the efficiency and accuracy of the feedback was measured. Furthermore, remote changes in the operating regime of the robot (start date) were proven to be achievable, and the productiveness of the food supplement dispenser also became manageable.
A Mendelian randomization study for drug repurposing reveals bezafibrate and fenofibric acid as potential osteoporosis treatments

Background: Lipid pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP). Lipid-lowering drugs may be used to prevent and treat OP. However, the causal interpretation of results from traditional observational designs is controversial by confounding. We aimed to investigate the causal association between genetically proxied lipid-lowering drugs and OP risk. Methods: We conducted two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the causal association of genetically proxied lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of OP. The first step MR was used to estimate the associations of drug target genes expression with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. The significant SNPs in the first step MR were used as instrumental variables in the second step MR to estimate the associations of LDL-C levels with forearm bone mineral density (FA-BMD), femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD), lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD) and fracture. The significant lipid-lowering drugs after MR analyses were further evaluated for their effects on bone mineralization using a dexamethasone-induced OP zebrafish model. Results: The first step MR analysis found that the higher expression of four genes (HMGCR, NPC1L1, PCSK9 and PPARG) was significantly associated with a lower LDL-C level. The genetically decreased LDL-C level mediated by the PPARG was significantly associated with increased FN-BMD (BETA = −1.38, p = 0.001) and LS-BMD (BETA = −2.07, p = 3.35 × 10−5) and was marginally significantly associated with FA-BMD (BETA = −2.36, p = 0.008) and reduced fracture risk (OR = 3.47, p = 0.008). Bezafibrate (BZF) and Fenofibric acid (FBA) act as PPARG agonists. Therefore genetically proxied BZF and FBA had significant protective effects on OP. The dexamethasone-induced OP zebrafish treated with BZF and FBA showed increased bone mineralization area and integrated optical density (IOD) with alizarin red staining. Conclusion: The present study provided evidence that BZF and FBA can increase BMD, suggesting their potential effects in preventing and treating OP. These findings potentially pave the way for future studies that may allow personalized selection of lipid-lowering drugs for those at risk of OP.
Concentration‐dependent diffusion of unlabeled protein within an in vitro hyaluronic acid matrix

Diffusion and movement of subcutaneously injected biologics and high‐concentration immunoglobulin G (IgG) therapeutics away from the injection site and through the subcutaneous (SC) tissue may be concentration dependent. This possibility was confirmed by in situ measurement of diffusion coefficients of unlabeled bovine IgG in phosphate‐buffered saline within an in vitro hyaluronic acid matrix that represents the SC electrostatic environment. Diffusion decreased from 2.67 to 0.05 × 10−7 cm2/s when IgG concentration increased from 25 to 73 mg/mL. The results demonstrated that in situ detection of unlabeled proteins within an in vitro SC environment provides another useful tool for the preclinical characterization of injectable biologics.
On MCMC sampling in random coefficients self-exciting integer-valued threshold autoregressive processes

In this study, Bayesian estimation is performed for a class of random coefficient self-exciting integer-valued threshold autoregressive processes with explanatory variables. A new model with a linear structure is obtained through model reconstruction, which makes Markov Chain Monte Carlo method easy to perform. By introducing the latent variables series, a complete data likelihood is obtained. Based on this likelihood, the full conditional distributions are easily obtained for all the parameters and latent variables. By maximizing the posterior probability function, the threshold parameter is accurately estimated. Finally, some numerical results of the estimates and a real data example of crime counts in Ballina, New South Wales, Australia are presented.
A General Way to Construct a New Optimal Scheme with Eighth-Order Convergence for Nonlinear Equations

In this paper, we present a new and interesting optimal scheme of order eight in a general way for solving nonlinear equations, numerically. The beauty of our scheme is that it is capable of producing further new and interesting optimal schemes of order eight from every existing optimal fourth-order scheme whose first substep employs Newton’s method. The construction of this scheme is based on rational functional approach. The theoretical and computational properties of the proposed scheme are fully investigated along with a main theorem which establishes the order of convergence and asymptotic error constant. Several numerical examples are given and analyzed in detail to demonstrate faster convergence and higher computational efficiency of our methods.
Predicting Streamflow Elasticity Based on Percolation Theory and Ecological Optimality

How much terrestrial precipitation is used by vegetation and how much runs off, represents central issues in hydrologic science, ecology, climate change, and even geopolitics. We present a theory for the water balance to predict the fractional change in streamflow due to given fractional changes in temperature and precipitation. The theory involves a single parameter whose value is derived under the conditions of neither energy‐ nor water‐limitations and, therefore, is not an adjustable parameter. By comparison with extensive data for precipitation elasticity ϵp at global scale, we find that the theory captures the key trends of the variations of the median value of ϵp with the aridity index AI. In contrast to a shortcoming of the classical Budyko phenomenology, namely, convergence to ϵp = 4 for large AI, our theory yields a value of 2 for the median value of ϵp for all AI > 1, in accord with the data for major river basins, as well as with the median value of summaries of global and continental data sets. Incorporating in the theory the effects of annual changes in water storage leads to the ability to predict the range of observed values of the elasticity as a function of the aridity index, or its inverse, the humidity index, as well as the run‐off ratio. When changes in storage are neglected, the theory yields more accurate predictions for major river drainages than for small watersheds, particularly if the large basin spans various climate regimes and, as such, an integration over climates tends to reduce relative changes in the storage.
Priors with Convenient Posteriors

When selecting a family of prior distributions to combine with a given likelihood, the prime consideration is that the resulting posteriors should be members of tractable families of distributions. Assuming a likelihood belonging to an exponential family we identify the family of priors which will lead to convenient posteriors in the sense that they belong to a specified exponential family.
Sex differences in pituitary corticotroph excitability

Stress-related illness represents a major burden on health and society. Sex differences in stress-related disorders are well documented, with women having twice the lifetime rate of depression compared to men and most anxiety disorders. Anterior pituitary corticotrophs are central components of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, receiving input from hypothalamic neuropeptides corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), while regulating glucocorticoid output from the adrenal cortex. The dynamic control of electrical excitability by CRH/AVP and glucocorticoids is critical for corticotroph function; however, whether corticotrophs contribute to sexually differential responses of the HPA axis, which might underlie differences in stress-related disorders, is very poorly understood. Using perforated patch clamp electrophysiology in corticotrophs from mice expressing green fluorescent protein under the control of the Pomc promoter, we characterized basal and secretagogue-evoked excitability. Both male and female corticotrophs show predominantly single-spike action potentials under basal conditions; however, males predominantly display spikes with small-amplitude (<20 mV) afterhyperpolarizations (B-type), whereas females displayed a mixture of B-type spikes and spikes with a large-amplitude (>25 mV) afterhyperpolarization (A-type). In response to CRH, or CRH/AVP, male cells almost exclusively transition to a predominantly pseudo-plateau bursting, whereas only female B-type cells display bursting in response to CRH±AVP. Treatment of male or female corticotrophs with 1 nM estradiol (E2) for 24–72 h has no effect on the proportion of cells with A- or B-type spikes in either sex. However, E2 results in the cessation of CRH-induced bursting in both male and female corticotrophs, which can be partially reversed by adding a BK current using a dynamic clamp. RNA-seq analysis of purified corticotrophs reveals extensive differential gene expression at the transcriptional level, including more than 71 mRNAs encoding ion channel subunits. Interestingly, there is a two-fold lower level (p < 0.01) of BK channel pore-forming subunit (Kcnma1) expression in females compared to males, which may partially explain the decrease in CRH-induced bursting. This study identified sex differences at the level of the anterior pituitary corticotroph ion channel landscape and control of both spontaneous and CRH-evoked excitability. Determining the mechanisms of sex differences of corticotroph and HPA activity at the cellular level could be an important step for better understanding, diagnosing, and treating stress-related disorders.
RESPONSE OF CHICKPEA GENOTYPES TO DROUGHT STRESS IN PETRI DISH ENVIRONMENT

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an important leguminous crop has a dwindling croparea everyday due to climate change, and the overall yield has declined. In a controlled conditionexperiment, four distinct levels of drought were applied to ten different varieties of chickpeas in a petridish using polyethylene glycol (PEG) @ 0, 10, 20, and 30%. As differentiating factors, germinationrate, plumule, and radicle lengths were used. The experiment's results showed that, at 0% PEG, KK-2and Punjab-2008 demonstrated the highest germination rates (99%), while the lowest (0%)germination rates at (30% PEG) were recorded for Chattan and KK-1 genotypes. At 0% polyethyleneglycol (PEG), Chattan and Punjab-2008 had the maximum plumule (0.70 cm) and radicle (7.47 cm)lengths, respectively and with increasing drought they got reduced. Thus, it may be inferred thatdrought impacted negatively but its impact can be lessened by adopting genotypes that are droughtresistant.
Health Benefits, Antioxidant Activity, and Sensory Attributes of Selected Cold-Pressed Oils

The consumption of cold-pressed oils (CPOs) has continuously increased due to their health-promoting compounds, such as polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), tocopherols, sterols, and polyphenols. This study focused on the estimation and comparison of the physicochemical properties and sensory quality of six CPOs: linseed oil (CPLO), pumpkin oil (CPPO), milk thistle oil (CPMTO), rapeseed oil (CPRO), camelina oil (CPCO), and sunflower oil (CPSO), which are the most popular in the Polish market. These oils were analysed for their fatty acid composition (FAC), their tocopherol, sterol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), water, and volatile matter (WVM) contents, as well as their antioxidant activity (AA) and oxidative stability parameters. Moreover, quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was performed to obtain detailed information on the sensory profiles and quantitative data on the CPOs’ attributes that affected consumer acceptability and purchase intent. All of the analysed CPOs were rich in PUFA (27.94–68.42%). They were characterised by the different total amounts of health-beneficial compounds, such as tocopherols (TTC = 44.04–76.98 mg/100 g), sterols (TSC = 300–684 mg/100 g), and polyphenols (TPC = 2.93–8.32 mg GA/100 g). Additionally, their AA was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, with results ranging between 185.36–396.63, 958.59–1638.58, and 61.93–119.21 µmol TE/100 g, respectively. However, the deterioration parameters of CPOs, such as peroxide values (PV = 0.24–4.61 meq O2/kg), p-anisidine values (pAnV = 0.39–4.77), acid values (AV = 0.31–2.82 mg KOH/g), and impurity amounts (Σ4PAHs = 1.16–8.76 μg/kg and WVM = 0.020–0.090%), did not exceed the level recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The obtained results indicated that all of the investigated CPOs are valuable sources of health-promoting bioactive compounds.