Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the tissue reaction of five different suture materials in rabbit palatal mucosa

The objective of this study was to evaluate local tissue reactions at silk, chromic gut, polypropylene, polyester, and polyglactin 910 suture materials for intraoral applications. One hundred eighteen sutures were placed into the palatal mucosa of 26 male New Zealand rabbits so that each animal included all five biomaterials. The animals were fed a soft diet and decapitated 2, 4, or 8 days after suture placement. Soft tissue specimens including suture materials were prepared for light microscopy to determine the inflammatory zones including eosinophil infiltration on the suture tract. No significant differences were observed in the sutural zone diameter (Z1) between the suture materials at the 2nd day. At the 4th day, polypropylene and catgut had a lesser Z1 diameter compared to polyglactin 910. Dacron presented the widest mean Z1 diameter compared to polyglactin 910 (p 0.05). Within the limitations of the present study, it may be said that silk and dakron sutures apparently induced more severe inflammatory reactions. When selecting a suture material for intraoral use the surgeons should take into consideration the tissue reaction caused by materials.
A REVIEW OF LABORATORY STUDIES OF ADULT SECOND LANGUAGE VOCABULARY TRAINING

Abstract This review examines and integrates studies of second language (L2) vocabulary instruction with adult learners in a laboratory setting, using a framework provided by a modified version of the Revised Hierarchical Model (Kroll & Stewart, 1994), the Revised Hierarchical Model-Repetition Elaboration Retrieval. By examining how various training methods promote or fail to promote the development of high-quality orthographic, phonological, and meaning representations, and strong connections between these representations, we reconceptualize the current body of knowledge, and highlight gaps in the existing literature. We review evidence that training methods that only promote L1 to L2 form connections (e.g., massed repetition) are generally ineffective, but can become highly effective when paired with methods that also strengthen L2 form-meaning connections (e.g., spaced repetition training with retrieval practice or semantic elaboration requiring user-generated responses). We discuss the implications of these findings for researchers and educators interested in improving L2 vocabulary learning outcomes.
“I’m Pleased with My Body”: Older Men’s Perceptions and Experiences of Their Aging Bodies

To date, the body image literature has largely ignored older men, as the bulk of the research has focused on young and middle-aged women. Where studies have been conducted with older men, they have tended to only consider the perspectives of men in their 50s and 60s or to include older men as part of mixed gender or diverse age samples. Thus, little is known about how older men perceive, experience, and feel about their aging and changing bodies, even as the body is central to older men’s understanding and practice of masculinity as well as their position in age- and gender-based systems of inequality. Addressing this gap in the research, we conducted in-depth interviews with 22 community-dwelling men aged 67–90 years (average age of 77 years). Drawing upon age relations and masculinities theorizing, we asked the men about how they evaluated and felt about their appearances, health, physical abilities, and sexual functioning. Our thematic analysis revealed that the men were largely satisfied with their appearances and physical functioning, particularly their approximation to masculine ideals of youthfulness, healthiness, and independence. Whereas half of the men identified their weight as a source of body satisfaction, all of the men disparaged obesity and stereotypical older men’s enlarged stomachs in particular. That said, the men discounted appearance as an unimportant and feminized concern. In contrast, they emphasized the salience of health and body functionality, expressing concern about how changes to their physical abilities and sexual functioning had already affected, and might in the future increasingly delimit, their daily lives, and hence they preferred social and physical pursuits. We consider our findings in light of age and masculinity ideals, which collectively privilege youthful bodies and subordinate older men.
Dubai’s taxi-ng life: Pakistani cab drivers & perceptions of discrimination from passengers

ABSTRACT The study is the first of its kind to be conducted in Dubai. It details racial and class discrimination experiences perceived by Pakistani cabbies from passengers. Since Dubai is a cosmopolitan city, the people it hosts and hence passengers in taxis belong to a plethora of distinct nationalities. Previous studies akin to this topic reveal that South Asian and other minority drivers in Western cosmopolitan cities such as Toronto and New York face voluminous instances of race and class-based discrimination – sometimes morphing into physical assaults. After conducting qualitative interviews of 19 Pakistani taxi drivers, it was revealed that Dubai diverges from this unsettling trend experienced in the West. Analyzing the interviews led to the creation of three broad categories, which elucidated that racial discrimination faced by the drivers was little to none, while class discrimination was present but only to a limited degree. Most drivers asserted that a high percentage of their passengers are well mannered and that the main issues they face stem from some permutation of the RTA (Road & Transportation Authority), taxi companies, and police. This latter revelation displays contours of apparent systemic discrimination and should be studied formally.
OP0271 Prevalence of Structural Lesions on MRI of the Sacroiliac Joints in Patients with Early Axial Spondyloarthritis and Patients with Back Pain

Background Prevalence of structural lesions on MRI in recent onset axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients (pts) and back pain pts is unknown Objectives To investigate the prevalence of structural lesions on MRI in these pts Methods Pts with back pain (≥3 months, ≤2 years, onset <45 years) from the 5 centers were included in the SPondyloArthritis Caught Early (SPACE)-cohort. Pts underwent MRI of the sacroiliac joints (MRI-SI). MRIs-SI were scored by 3 well-calibrated readers independently for ankylosis, sclerosis, erosions, and fatty lesions (FL) (MRI T1-weighted images; STIR images viewed simultaneously). Erosions, sclerosis and FL were defined according to the MORPHO definition1 (≥1 lesion on ≥2 consecutive slices or ≥2 lesion on 1 slice); ankylosis as 1 lesion on ≥1 slice. Lesions were considered present if 2/3 readers agreed. Prevalence based on several cut-offs of structural lesions were calculated. Pts were grouped according to the ASAS axSpA criteria2 [imaging-arm (mNY+, mNY-), clinical arm], no-SpA and possible SpA Results Pts with MRI-SI data were included (n=299). If defined as ≥1, all structural lesions except ankylosis were frequent in all groups; in decreasing frequency in mNY+, MRI+mNY-, clinical-arm, possible SpA and no-SpA. The higher the cut-offs, the better discrimination between the imaging-arm and no/possible SpA; the clinical-arm close to no/possible SpA. To define a proper cut-off for the presence of structural lesions in axSpA, the false-positive percentage in no-SpA pts should be low. We defined possible cut-offs based on the acceptance of ≤10% (italics) and ≤5% (bold) false-positives (table). E.g. if ≥4 structural lesions are present, false-positives are 6.0% and 5.2% resp. , with a frequency of 61.5% and 43.5% in the mNY+ and MRI+mNY- subgroups. Conclusions Prevalence of erosions, sclerosis and FL on MRI-SI is high in axSpA pts but also in no-SpA pts. Higher cut-offs than ≥1 lesion are needed to reduce false-positives; also with higher cut-offs structural lesions are frequent in early axSpA pts. These data suggest that with appropriate cut-offs, structural lesions might be helpful in defining sacroiliitis on MRI References Weber A&R 2010;62:3048-58 Rudwaleit ARD 2009;68:777-83 Disclosure of Interest None Declared
The strategically ambiguous assignment: an approach to promoting critical and creative thinking in visual communication

Abstract This study begins with the assumption that visual and related literacies are essential frameworks to foster not only students’ learning of visual communication principles, but also 21st century skills such as creative problem solving and self-directed learning. We focus on assignment directions as a particular instructional component. In contrast to step-by-step directions, strategically ambiguous assignments prompt students to determine the best solutions and course of actions that meet project criteria and suit their abilities. Using a thematic analysis, we analysed student reflections to inquire how students felt about these differences and how students articulated their creative process. In both cases, students learned essential components of visual communication. Notably, the strategically ambiguous assignment prompted students to be more aware of how messages are constructed and take greater pride in their work whereas the clear directions prompted more reflection about the technicalities of working with software.
National Review of Nursing Education 2002: our duty of care

The National Review of Nursing Education 2002 was initiated in April 2001 to examine the future nursing educational needs of the health, community and aged care system in Australia and to provide advice on appropriate education policy and funding frameworks. The terms of reference included initial registered nurse preparation, enrolled nurse education, education for specialisation, continuing education and the relationship of nursing with other groups in the health workforce. The Review examined the effectiveness of current arrangements for the education and training of nurses, labour market factors affecting the employment of nurses and the choice of nursing as an occupation, and the key factors driving the demand for, and supply of, nursing education and training. The Review sought to make recommendations on models of nurse education and training, the types of skills and knowledge required, and mechanisms for attracting new recruits to nursing and encouraging the commitment to lifelong learning of those already engaged in nursing. The Review commissioned a wide range of research and six literature reviews. This final report contains the summary and recommendations from the Review and the supporting arguments for the recommendations. It is organised into the following sections: Introduction; Summary; Overview of strategies and recommendations: (1) Australian healthcare context; (2) nursing education and practice today; (3) Australian nursing - the future; (4) emerging models of care; (5) an integrated national strategic direction; (6) nursing careers; (7) education and training; (8) organising and planning nursing work; (9) conclusion. Several attachments and tables containing additional related information are included.
Empowering Leadership and Meaningful Work: The Mediating Role of Learning Goal Orientation

Drawing on positive psychology and self-determination theories, this study investigates the direct and indirect effects of empowering leadership on meaningful work of employees, particularly through the mediation of learning goal orientation. Longitudinal survey data of 388 employees in medical institutions were used to test the hypotheses. The results support the direct positive relationship between empowering leadership and meaningful work, but also emphasize the mediating effect of learning goal orientation within this relationship. This study is among the first to examine the effect of mediation by learning goal orientation upon the relationship between empowering leadership and meaningful work.
Mate Preferences in Three Muslim-Majority Countries: Sex Differences and Personality Correlates

Cross-cultural research on long-term mate preferences in Muslim-majority countries is scarce. The research described here aims to examine the KASER (kindness/dependability, attractiveness/sexuality, status/resources, education/intelligence, and religiosity/chastity) model of mate preferences in Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey (N = 1,089). We examined structural validity, measurement invariance between men and women, sex differences, cultural differences, and Big Five personality correlates of these dimensions of mate preferences. Findings supported preregistered hypotheses regarding sex differences in mate preferences. Multilevel models suggested that the magnitude of sex differences was invariant across cultures. Personality correlates of mate preferences varied across cultures, but agreeableness consistently predicted the preference for kind and dependable partners across cultures. In sum, sex differences in mate preferences within and across three Muslim-majority countries described here replicate previous findings, but evidence for personality correlates of mate preferences is mixed, variable across cultures, and in need of further examination in non-Western samples.
Academic motivation, life exploration, and psychological well-being among emerging adults in Denmark

Abstract Student life has been characterized both as challenging and as facilitative of future success. During the college years, emerging adults develop vocational competencies at the same time as they develop their sense of themselves and of their involvement in the world. In the current study, we examined the interplay among academic motivation, features of emerging adulthood, and psychological adaptation in relation to life satisfaction, psychological well-being, and perceived stress among Danish university students (N = 377). Results indicated direct and positive associations of autonomous motivation with life satisfaction, as well as a direct negative link between controlled motivation and psychological well-being. Furthermore, autonomous motivation was indirectly and positively associated with life satisfaction and psychological well-being, and negatively related to perceived stress, through experiences of life possibilities and experimentation. Controlled motivation was indirectly and positively associated with perceived stress through identity exploration. Our results underscore the importance of considering not only vocational competencies, but also personal interests and motivation, when designing educational curricula.
An integrative analysis of sibling influences on adult children's care-giving for parents

Abstract The extent to which, and the reasons why, children help to care for their parents are examined in an extensive range of literature. Although care for parents essentially takes place in parent–child dyads, many of these studies acknowledge that the amount of care a child gives is generally the outcome of collective decisions in multiple-child families. However, to our knowledge, no research in Europe enhances our understanding of how sibling characteristics influence an individual child's care-giving. Using data for 14 European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, the present study relates pre-care-giving sibling characteristics to children's subsequent start of giving care. This longitudinal approach allows correction for the endogenous nature of time-changing predictors. The analysis demonstrates that daughters start to care more often when they have brothers instead of sisters. This pattern of gendered intergenerational care particularly applies to southern European countries. We also observe that both pre-care-giving parent–sibling frequency of contact and geographic distances predict children's care-giving transition strongly. Children who are closer to their parents than siblings in terms of contact and proximity have higher odds of care-taking. Finally, being the only child without a job enhances the start of care-giving as well. The results suggest that sibling characteristics are an important factor in explaining intergenerational care differences between children in Europe.
Playing to our strengths: Generalist teachers’ experiences of class swapping for primary physical education

Class swapping is the process whereby a generalist primary school teacher with a particular subject expertise and interest swaps classes with a teacher colleague and they teach each other’s class a specific area of the curriculum. Instances of class swapping for physical education (PE) have been noted in many countries, but there is currently no explicit research into this practice. Consequently, this research investigated the experiences of two generalist teachers with additional PE expertise teaching PE to classes other than their own in two Irish primary schools over two separate intervention periods totalling 18 weeks. The participants’ experiences of class swapping for PE were analysed using qualitative data generated by individual interviews, pupil focus groups, researcher observations and teacher reflections. Hargreaves and Fullan’s theory of professional capital was used as a theoretical framework. The lead teachers’ expertise and enthusiasm for PE provided the pupils involved with rich PE experiences. The opportunity to teach additional PE also increased the lead teachers’ ability and motivation to provide further PE leadership within their schools. Furthermore, class swapping contributed to increased teacher interactions focused on teaching and learning. These findings make a worthwhile contribution to our understanding of class swapping and its potential to enrich pupil experiences in primary PE settings where generalist teachers operate.
The Role of Personality Traits in Predicting Senior High School Students’ Academic Buoyancy

All students have to face academic pressures, setbacks and challenges that are part of their everyday academic life. The capacity to deal with this, i.e. ‘academic buoyancy’, is needed to reduce the impact of academic adversity. Since academic buoyancy may be associated with personality, our study explored the role of personality trait, especially the ‘big five’, as predictors of the academic buoyancy in senior high school students in an Eastern culture. Methods: Using quota sampling, 356 respondents were sampled from the eight largest senior high schools in Bandung, Indonesia. Five personality factors were measured using the Big Five Inventory. Furthermore, academic buoyancy was assessed utilizing the Academic Buoyancy Scale. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the predictive value of each trait for academic buoyancy. Result: Academic buoyancy appears to be related to personality differences. We found three personality traits which predicted positively and signiﬁcantly academic buoyancy, namely Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Extraversion. Conclusions: The study has provided a new understanding of the relevance of personality for academic student’s life. Implications and differences in relation between personality and academic buoyancy in senior high school’ student are discussed.
Orthographic Knowledge and Reading Fluency among within Word Pattern Spellers in Grades 2–5

This study investigated relationships among the reading fluency, word recognition, language background, and reading achievement in second through fifth graders. Among the 250 students sampled, 70% were within word pattern (WWP) spellers. These WWP stage spellers were remarkably similar in reading, regardless of grade and Limited English Proficient designation. Years in school did not compensate for orthographic development in reading rate and word recognition. There were significant differences in reading rates for 1-min and passage rates (ηp 2 = .34) for students in this stage, and criterion referenced test pass rates were associated with Curriculum-Based Measure norms for reading rate. Implications for instruction are presented.
Young people’s use of video games as entertainment: Motivations and perceived implications, with a focus on the social aspects of video gaming.

3 Chapter 1 1.0 Introduction 15 1.1 Author’s background and relevance of the topic 15 1.2 The increasing use of video games and the shift in how they are played by CYP 16 1.3 Research Aims 18 Chapter 2 2.0 Literature Review 19 2.1 Prevalence of video gaming across different cultures and countries 19 2.2 The digital generation; are video games the only technology to be concerned about? 20
Millenial Nurses Connecting with Patients in the 21st Century: A Phenomenological StudyH

Problem: Millennial nurses are the largest portion of the profession reporting burnout and compassion fatigue. The millennial generation was impacted by the explosion of technology in the late twentieth century. Constant technological stimulation heavily impacted developmental milestones. Early adolescence is a critical time for the abstract development of empathy and compassion. The millennial generation communicates through technology while performing more than one task in a short amount of time, known as multi-tasking. With less time spent at the bedside due to increases in administrative tasks, deficits in the development of empathy and expression of compassion may impact the development of transpersonal caring relationships. Barriers to forming transpersonal caring relationships with patients may affect millennial nurses’ satisfaction with the nursing profession. Currently, there is a lack of research studies about how millennial nurses connect with their patients. Purpose: The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore and identify what connecting with patients means to millennial nurses through their lived experiences. In addition, this researcher identified potential educational needs of millennial nurses in communicating empathy and compassion with patients. Practical implications of this research may include changes in the education of nurses by professional staff development specialists, improved patient care, earlier detection of changes in a patient’s condition, improved patient satisfaction and improved retention of nursing staff. Instruction and guidance on how to empathize and communicate compassion to vulnerable patients may be needed. Background: A healthcare crisis is imminent as a significant number of nurses are approaching retirement and fewer nurses are remaining at the hospital bedside. Millennial nurses represent the future of the nursing profession. The caring values that represent the moral commitment of the
Adoption of Improved Tomato Cultivation Practices

Tomato is one of the major vegetable crops which can supplement the food needs of the country in a substantial way as it has achieved tremendous popularity over the last century. Tomato production in India has made tremendous progress with the development of new technologies. Due to the complexity in different technologies, sometimes farmers find it difficult to understand and they lag behind in the adoption of recommended package of practices. In this context, the need was felt to study the extent of adoption of tomato cultivation practices. An interview schedule was prepared to collect the data from 160 vegetable growers from Punjab. Recommended seed varieties of tomato were adopted by 65.00 per cent of respondents, whereas recommended dose of fertilizers were used by 58.00 per cent of respondents. Nearly half of the respondents used recommended insecticides/pesticides, fungicides and storage practices. The data further revealed that majority of the respondents had low extent of adoption of recommended cultivation practices of tomato crop. The data generated through this study can form the basis for planning integrated extension strategies to create more knowledge and awareness among the vegetable growers about the recommended cultivation practices of tomato crop.