Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Mechanics of Elementary Particles

Description of a spacetime geometry that allows representing the mutual induction of electric energy and magnetic energy within elementary particles in motion in conformity with Maxwell's equations. This new geometry draws attention to the fact that adiabatic kinetic energy is continuously induced in all elementary particles captive within atomic structures, which is linked to an atomic axial mass variation effect related to the local intensity of the gravitational gradient, which sheds an entirely new light on gravitation, since it can be demonstrated that these least action electromagnetic equilibrium states determine the local intensity of the gravitational gradient on top of determining the orbital resonance states revealed by Quantum Mechanics. This book explores the foundations of an electromagnetic mechanics of elementary particles whose laws apply by structure to the sub-microscopic level, the macroscopic level and the astronomical level, thus allowing the reconciliation of electromagnetism, Quantum Mechanics, Relativistic Mechanics and gravitation.
Organizational Justice on Employee Procrastination: a Moderated-Mediation Model of Job Satisfaction and Psychological Contract Breach

Purpose: This research aimed to explain: (1) the role of job satisfaction as a mediator of the effect of organizational justice on job procrastination behavior, and (2) psychological contract breach as a moderator of the effect of organizational justice on job satisfaction and procrastination behavior. Theoretical framework:. Procrastination is the behavior of delaying starting work or tasks, or delaying completing a task that does not need to be postponed (Ferrari, 2023). Some people intentionally procrastinate for various subjective reasons, such as laziness or boredom. Delaying work due to this intentional element is often called procrastination (Ferrari, 2023). Most research on factors that influence procrastination behavior focuses more on individual factors; therefore, few include social relationship factors such as organizational justice and psychological contract breach. Perceived organizational justice is one of the organizational factors that can be investigated from sociology and organizational behavior. Design/methodology/approach: This research was conducted through a survey of 195 education staff civil servants at three state universities in Indonesia. The data analysis used AMOS 17.0 Findings: The results found that organizational justice did not directly affect procrastination behavior but through the mediation of job satisfaction. The psychological contract breach was proven not to moderate the effect of organizational justice on job satisfaction. This research was conducted on education staff with civil servant status in state universities Research, Practical & Social implications: This research implication that an informal-unwritten work contract arrangement through a psychological contract will be effective according to the characteristics of the job and the organization. This study compares the effect of organizational justice on job satisfaction and procrastination behavior in the context of formal and informal contract arrangements. Originality/value: This study was motivated by two research gaps. First, a study on the effect of organizational justice on previous procrastination behavior showed a low R-square of 0.292 (Karimi & Andam, 2016). The resulting very low R-square number indicated that the effect was weak, thus it is necessary to have other variables that mediate or moderate to improve the results. Based on behavioral theory, there is a need for research that examines the role of job satisfaction in mediating the effect of organizational justice on procrastination behavior.
Rétractions dans les espaces stratifiables

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A Solar-flux Line-broadening Analysis

The Fourier technique of extracting rotation rates and macroturbulence-velocity dispersions from the shapes and broadening of stellar spectral lines is applied to the solar-flux spectrum. Lines with equivalent widths less than ∼0.055 Å are shown to have the advantage over stronger lines by allowing the residual transform to be followed to higher frequencies. The standard radial-tangential macroturbulence formulation fits the observations well and yields an equatorial velocity that is within a few percent of the correct rate.
Modern Likelihood‐Frequentist Inference

We offer an exposition of modern higher order likelihood inference and introduce software to implement this in a quite general setting. The aim is to make more accessible an important development in statistical theory and practice. The software, implemented in an R package, requires only that the user provide code to compute the likelihood function and to specify extra‐likelihood aspects of the model, such as stopping rule or censoring model, through a function generating a dataset under the model. The exposition charts a narrow course through the developments, intending thereby to make these more widely accessible. It includes the likelihood ratio approximation to the distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator, that is the p∗ formula, and the transformation of this yielding a second‐order approximation to the distribution of the signed likelihood ratio test statistic, based on a modified signed likelihood ratio statistic r∗. This follows developments of Barndorff‐Nielsen and others. The software utilises the approximation to required Jacobians as developed by Skovgaard, which is included in the exposition. Several examples of using the software are provided.
Reference values for ductus venosus Doppler velocity indices between 11 and 13+6 weeks of gestation: A single-center prospective study in Iran

Background: This study aimed to investigate reference Doppler velocimetry indices (DVIs) of the fetal ductus venosus (DV) during 11–13 + 6 gestational weeks. Materials and Methods: In a prospective observation over referrals to a single tertiary care center in a 2-year interval, normal singleton pregnancies with fetal crown-rump lengths (CRLs) of 43–80 mm were examined by a single experienced sonographer for their DV pulsatility index (DVPI), DV resistance index (DVRI), and S-wave maximum velocity/A-wave minimum velocity (S/A ratio). Multinomial and quantile regression functions were used to analyze the effect of gestational age (estimated by CRL) on reference values (5th and 95th percentiles of the distribution in each gestational day/week). P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Over a sample of 415 participants with a mean/median gestational age of 12 + 1 weeks, no significant correlations were found between the CRL and DVIs using multinomial regression functions (linear model best fitted for all [DVPI: B coefficient = 0.001, P = 0.235] [DVRI: B coefficient = 0.001, P = 0.287] [DV S/A: B coefficient = 0.010, P = 283]). Quantile regression analyses of DVIs’ reference values were nonsignificant across the CRL range except for the DVRI ([5th regression line: coefficient = −0.004, P = 0.018] [95th regression line: coefficient = −0.001, P = 0.030]). Conclusion: Reference values for DVPI, DVRI, and DV S/A ratios were established as 0.80–1.39, 0.62–0.88, and 2.57–6.70, respectively. Future meta-analyses and multicenter studies are required to incorporate DV DVIs into an updated universal version of the practice.
Global ULF waves generated by a hot flow anomaly

Hot flow anomalies (HFAs), which are frequently observed near Earth's bow shock, are phenomena resulting from the interaction between interplanetary discontinuities and Earth's bow shock. Such transient phenomena upstream the bow shock can cause significant deformation of the bow shock and the magnetosphere, generating traveling convection vortices, field‐aligned currents, and ULF waves in the Earth's magnetosphere. A large HFA (4.9 RE) was observed by Cluster on 27 April 2008. Nearly monochromatic Pc 3 ULF waves generated by the HFA were observed by multiple spacecrafts and ground stations. The ULF waves show characteristics of standing Alfvén waves. The wave power of the poloidal mode of the generated ULF waves is stronger than that of the toroidal mode. Polarization rotation from the poloidal mode to the toroidal mode is also observed. The Pc 3 ULF waves generated by the HFA were observed at dawn, noon, dusk sectors, and nightside, indicating that the Pc 3 ULF wave response of the magnetosphere to the HFA is global. Our results show that the impact of HFAs to the magnetosphere is much stronger than what we thought before.
Dirichlet problem and sokhotski-plemelj jump formula on weil-petersson class quasidisks

We show the solvability of the Dirichlet problem on Weil–Petersson class quasidisks and establish a Sokhotski–Plemelj jump formula for Weil–Petersson class quasicircles. Furthermore we show that the resulting Cauchy projections are bounded. In both cases the boundary data belongs to a certain conformally invariant Besov space. Moreover we show that the WP-class quasicircles are chord-arc curves.
TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE: TAXPAYER BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS AND TAX AWARENESS AS A MEDIATING IN INDONESIA

The purpose of this research is to provide empirical evidence regarding the mediating effect of tax awareness on relation between tax knowledge and taxpayer compliance. The impact of the tax services, tax sanctions, tax payer environment, tax understanding, on taxpayer compliance. The sample used in this research are respondents who are taxpayers in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia and work as entrepreneurs or freelancers. The method used for sampling in this research is Convenience Sampling. The number of samples for this research is 63 respondents. Testing data using SEM-PLS. The results that were obtained from this research are tax awareness has medating influence on relation between tax knowledge and taxpayer compliance. Tax services and tax sanctions have an influence on taxpayer compliance. Meanwhile, for taxpayer environment and tax understanding have no effect on taxpayer compliance. A taxpayer who has tax knowledge is more likely to have tax awareness which ultimately obeys in paying and reporting taxes.
Can Pharmacists’ Counseling Improve the Use of Inhalers and Quality of Life? A Prospective “Pre” and “Post” Education Analysis in Mardan, Pakistan

Introduction Asthma is one of the common major non-communicable respiratory diseases, and is associated with a lower health-related quality of life (QOL). Poor inhalation is a significant contributing factor to poor control of asthma. Community pharmacist has a vital role to play in assisting patients and ultimately improving their asthma conditions through the use of inhalers. Aim This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of “pre” and “post” educational intervention by a community pharmacist within a community pharmacy on asthma patients’ QOL, inhaler technique, and adherence to therapy during the endemic phase of COVID-19. Methods A “pre” and “post” interventional study was performed at a community pharmacy in the city of Mardan, Pakistan, in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients were divided into two groups, ie control and pharmacist-led education groups. After assigning patients to both groups, the baseline data were collected and followed for one month to compare the reduction in errors in the use of inhalers, QOL, and adherence to therapy. A paired sample t-test was performed, keeping a p-value <0.05 as statistical significance. Results A total of 60 patients were recruited, majority (58.3%) were females, and 28.3% were from the age group of 46–55 years old. A statistically significant difference was observed in the pre- and post-education QOL score among patients in the pharmacist-led education group, from a mean ± SD at pre-education of 40.23±10.03 to a mean±SD at post-education of 48.10±5.68. Similarly, a statistically significant difference was observed for the correct use of inhalers, ie MDIs and DPIs. Similarly, a statistically significant difference was observed in the adherence status between pre-education and post-education by pharmacists. Conclusion The findings of the study revealed a positive impact of community pharmacist-led education on QOL, inhaler technique, and adherence to therapy among patients with asthma.
Self-Learned Autonomous Driving at Unsignalized Intersections: A Hierarchical Reinforced Learning Approach for Feasible Decision-Making

Reinforcement learning-based techniques, empowered by deep-structured neural nets, have demonstrated superiority over rule-based methods in terms of making high-level behavioral decisions due to qualities related to handling large state spaces. Nonetheless, their training time, sample efficiency and the feasibility of the learnt behaviors remain key concerns. In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical reinforcement learning-based decision-making architecture for learning left-turn policies at unsignalized intersections with feasibility guarantees. The proposed technique is comprised of two layers; a high-level learning-based behavioral planning layer which adopts soft actor-critic (SAC) principles to learn high-level, non-conservative yet safe, driving behaviors, and a low-level motion planning layer that uses Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework to ensure feasibility of the two-dimensional left-turn maneuver. The high-level layer generates reference signals of velocity and yaw angles for the ego vehicle taking into account safety and collision avoidance with the intersection vehicles, whereas the low-level motion planning layer solves an optimization problem to track these reference commands taking into account several vehicle dynamic constraints and ride comfort. While training the behavioral SAC-based planning layer, We develop an adaptive entropy regularization technique that results in faster convergence, higher mean rewards, and lower collision rates. We validate the proposed decision-making scheme in simulated environments and compare with other model free Reinforcement Learning (RL) baselines. The results demonstrate that the proposed integrated framework possesses better training and navigation capabilities.
Comparative analysis of the antioxidant capacity of milk from different breeds of cow in Nigeria

Milk is an essential component of human and animal diets, and cattle are a major source of milk for human consumption. Environmental, nutritional, genetic, and physiological factors can affect animal milk composition. This study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant properties of milk samples from four cattle breeds, namely: White Fulani (WF), Sokoto Gudali (SG), Red Bororo (RB), and the exotic Holstein Friesian (HF) in Sokoto, Nigeria. Fatty acid, amino acid profile, antioxidant vitamins, antioxidant minerals, and antioxidant enzymes activities of the samples were assessed using standard methods. The results of the analysis indicated that milk of SG had the highest values for moisture (85.57%), Vit C (79.24mg/dl), DPPH scavenging activity (80.04%), and FRAP (1083.33mgTE/100g of FW). Milk of RB had the highest ash (4.52%), protein (3.63%), copper (0.19 ppm), zinc (0.16 ppm), iron (3.47 ppm), and antioxidant amino acid composition. The milk of HF had the highest lipid (5.89%), oleic acid (1.17 mg/ml), total polyphenol content (TPC) (0.26 mgTE/100g of FW) and selenium (103.10 ppm) levels. WF had the highest carbohydrate (15.07%), palmitic acid (98.39 mg/ml), stearic acid (35.46 mg/ml), Vit A (55.38 mg/dl), Vit E (52.18 mg/dl) content, catalase (0.02 U/L) and superoxide dismutase (3.00 U/mL) activities. These results show that milk from the WF has better antioxidants and therefore antioxidant capacities than the other breeds. Overall, the study indicates that cow milk is a good source of antioxidants, whose levels vary between the different breeds of cattle. These nutritional differences can be explored during milk sourcing based on nutritional requirements.
Do audited firms have better access to credit?: Evidence from emerging countries

Abstract This study aims to examine the relationship of having financial statements audited by external auditors and access to bank credit, using data from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS). Among firms having credit access, this research further analyses the impacts of auditing financial statements on loan value, loan rate, and loan term (duration) by applying the Heckman two-step models with sample selection. Results show that firms with audited financial statements have better formal credit access than their counterparts. Among these, audited firms obtain bigger loan value, have lower loan rates and shorter borrowing duration, as compared to non-audited firms. Results are robust when applying the Propensity Score Matching.
Late-stage Attentional Bias towards Food Cues Varies According to Weight Status

The Current food environment has become increasingly obesogenic, with rates of obesity and related conditions continually rising. Advertisements for energy-dense foods are abundant and promote unhealthy eating behaviors by capitalizing on one’s attentional bias towards food cues, a cognitive process resulting from the sensitization of highly reinforcing food. A heightened awareness towards food cues may promote overconsumption of energy-dense foods. The current study employed novel eye-tracking methodology to capture sustained, or late-stage, attentional bias towards food cues. Late-stage attentional bias is the aspect of attentional bias under conscious control and likely more prone to modification compared to initial/ early-stage attentional bias, which reflects automatic processes. The present study hypothesized late-stage attentional bias towards food cues is greater among individuals classified as overweight/obese than those classified as normal weight. Thirty (30) participants classified as overweight/obese (BMI ≥25) and 47 classified as normal weight (BMI <25) were assessed for late-stage attentional bias towards food cues, conceptualized as the percentage of time fixated on food cues when both food and neutral images were presented during a food-specific visual probe procedure task. Percentage of time fixated on food cues was 51.25 ± 1.27 (mean + SE) among individuals classified as overweight to obese while those classified as normal weight had a percent fixation of 47.26 ± 0.87 (P=0.03). In conclusion, individuals classified as overweight to obese have greater late-stage attentional bias towards food cues. This establishes an important factor influencing energy intake that may be modified in future clinical trials.
Effect of Parental Socio-Economic Status on the Performance of Senior High School Students in the Sefwi Wiawso Municipality in Ghana

The study examined the effects of parental socio-economic status on the performance of Senior High School students in Ghana using the Sefwi Wiawso Municipality in the Western North Region of Ghana as the case. Descriptive survey research design was employed for the study. The target population of the study was 960 second-year students from four senior high schools in the Sefwi Wiawso Municipality. Using a formula, the sample of 203 students was determined. The study found out that parents’ income has effect on students’ performance. The findings showed a significant effect of educational level of parent on students’ performance as well. Furthermore, a significant relationship between parents’ occupation and students’ performance was established. The study found that family environment has a positive relationship with the performance of students. The study also found a significant influence of socio-economic status of parents on students’ self-motivation for learning. It also revealed a significant influence of socio-economic status of parents on students’ performance. It is recommended that the government of Ghana should consider initiating policies that would empower parents, especially those in the areas where poverty level is high, for them to be able to take good care of their children in school.
A Unified Approach for the Commissioning of Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drives

This article presents a unified procedure for commissioning synchronous reluctance motor drives based on a fast sequence of targeted feedings using the drive inverter. The method requires measuring the values of the phase currents and their derivatives by time-based samplings with still rotor and subsequent model-based computations. It allows the self-evaluation of the phase resistance and the d-q axes inductances for the pre-set of the field-oriented current regulators. Moreover, it detects the rotor position without movement, a functionality needed at start-up for motors equipped with incremental encoders in the standard service. The study refers to a 3 kW synchronous reluctance motor prototype with a flux barrier rotor. Both realistic simulations accounting for the non-linear machine behavior and experimental tests are presented, showing the error between the estimated position, the phase resistance, and the d-q axes inductances and the effective ones. The results prove the reliability of the method.
A Combinatorial Miscellany: Antipodes, Parking Cars, and Descent Set Powers

OF DISSERTATION A Combinatorial Miscellany: Antipodes, Parking Cars, and Descent Set Powers In this dissertation we first introduce an extension of the notion of parking functions to cars of different sizes. We prove a product formula for the number of such sequences and provide a refinement using a multi-parameter extension of the Abel– Rothe polynomial. Next, we study the incidence Hopf algebra on the noncrossing partition lattice. We demonstrate a bijection between the terms in the canceled chain decomposition of its antipode and noncrossing hypertrees. Thirdly, we analyze the sum of the rth powers of the descent set statistic on permutations and how many small prime factors occur in these numbers. These results depend upon the base p expansion of both the dimension and the power of these statistics. Finally, we inspect the f -vector of the descent polytope DPv, proving a maximization result using an analogue of the boustrophedon transform.
Automatic Categorization of Multi Marketplace FMCGs Products using TF-IDF and PCA Features

The use of technology in line with the increasing number of internet users has caused a shift in the product sales ecosystem to the realm of electronic commerce (electronic commerce). A total of 73.23 customers made purchase transactions using e-commerce and the most purchased products were products classified as Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs). The increasingly varied FMCGs data coupled with the increasing number of marketplaces is felt to need to be broken down into specific groups. The process is carried out by analyzing e-commerce product information, especially product names, and descriptions. In this study, we propose an automatic categorization of multiple marketplaces using data from multiple marketplaces. Data text is converted into structured data with a series of preprocessing, and comprehensive experiments are carried out to see the extraction performance of variables including TF-IDF, BOW, and N-Gram. All three methods are used to validate text data sets with K-Means grouping results used with the help of PCA to reduce data dimensions. The results show that the performance of the TF-IDF algorithm with a dimension reduction value of 70 and the use of Python can provide optimal results for the percentage of grouping data.