Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence Of Two Different Intrapulpal Depths On Fracture Resistance Of Endocrowns Restoring Maxillary Premolar Teeth Using Vita Enamic. (In Vitro study)

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two different preparation extensions(4mm,6mm) On fracture resistance of endo-crowns restoring Maxillary premolar teeth under loading using Vita Enamic. Methods & Materials: 14 non-carious, human premolar teeth without obvious crack lines, were removed for orthodontic treatment were all randomly assigned to two groups of 7 teeth, where a dental-surveyor was used to ensure upright positioning of teeth in epoxy-resin molds, placing the margin below the cemento-enamel junction by 1mm and parallel to it. Then the crown portion of all premolars were removed to within 3 mm above the CEJ Mesio-Distally. Specimens were divided into two groups according to the type of preparation extensions done, Group A(4 mm extension into the pulp chamber),Group B(6 mm extension into the pulp chamber). After Cementation fracture resistance test was performed and failure modes were observed Results: There was a significant difference between samples regarding different depths of preparation extension were the highest value of fracture resistance was found in samples with 6 mm extension depth (1617.43±733.46) followed by samples with 4 mm depth (1422.21±659.89). Conclusion: From the results obtained from this study, it could be concluded that endodontically treated premolars can be restored with endocrowns, moreover, the increase of the preparation depth of the endocrowns showed a massive increase in fracture resistance
Regency and City Disparity Analysis in Indonesia

This study aims to describe the welfare disparity between districts and cities in Indonesia in the 2016-2019 period. Using quantitative analysis, it was found that spatially, the distribution of GRDP in Indonesia was mostly in the below-average category, both in 2016 and 2019. The results of spatial distribution also show that the higher the number of populations in an area, it will affect the regional income level of the region. Based on the sector, it can be seen that in general, regencies/cities in Indonesia are engaged in agriculture, forestry and fisheries so that inputs or policies to be implemented must pay attention to the dominant sector so that they can minimize existing disparitys.
Toddlers recognize multiple meanings of polysemous words

Languages often reuse words for related meanings, such as baseball cap and bottle cap, a phenomenon known as polysemy. In English, it is estimated that 40-80% of all words are polysemous, yet little is known about children’s early knowledge of polysemous words. In an eye-tracking study with monolingual English-learning 2-year-olds (n=40), we found that participants recognized multiple conventional meanings for polysemous nouns. We further investigated whether toddlers succeeded at this task because they were already familiar with multiple, learned meanings for words, or whether they simply guessed the correct target based on a single or vague meaning. To test this, we also presented participants with novel, related meanings for the same English labels that are not conventional in English, e.g., the meaning “lid” for the label cap. The recognition of conventional English meanings (baseball cap, bottle cap) was significantly higher than that of the novel extension meanings (e.g., a lid) for the same label (cap). These results show that toddlers’ knowledge of polysemy goes beyond a single or vague representation. At the same time, recognition of the novel extended meanings was above chance, indicating that toddlers inferred that a related meaning was the better of the two options. Word learning theories must be further developed to account for these complexities in learning.
IMPACT OF GLOBALISATION ON INNOVATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN VIETNAM

Innovation contributes to improved labour productivity and an enhanced competition, thereby ensuring to the development of the firm. However, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) encounter many difficulties in attempts to innovate. It is not clear whether globalisation works to encourage firms to innovate via transferring knowledge and promote market competition mechanism; or whether it works against such innovation due to a negative impact on the diversification of different dimensions in economic, social, and political life. The primary purpose of this research was to examine how globalisation affects innovation among SMEs in Vietnam. It analyses the micro and macro effects of globalisation on innovation in businesses using a Probit model with data obtained from selected SMEs during the period 2005–2015. The result showed that at a macro level, globalisation negatively correlates with innovation. Additionally, it was found that economic and political globalisation facilitates innovation while social globalisation discourages it. At the micro level, increasing competitive pressure and knowledge transfer due to globalisation are positively correlated with the propensity towards innovation of SMEs.
Note on the bilinear difference equation with a delay

A representation formula for the general solution to a higher‐order rational difference equation has been given recently in this journal. The formula was proved by the method of induction without giving any theoretical explanation related to it. Here we show how the corresponding representation formula for the general solution to a general higher‐order rational difference equation, that is, to the bilinear difference equation with a delay, is obtained in an elegant way. We also give some theoretical explanations related to the representation, as well as some explanations related to such types of difference equations. The corresponding representation for a system of bilinear difference equations with delay is also presented.
New Insights on the Uptake and Trafficking of Coenzyme Q

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential lipid with many cellular functions, such as electron transport for cellular respiration, antioxidant protection, redox homeostasis, and ferroptosis suppression. Deficiencies in CoQ due to aging, genetic disease, or medication can be ameliorated by high-dose supplementation. As such, an understanding of the uptake and transport of CoQ may inform methods of clinical use and identify how to better treat deficiency. Here, we review what is known about the cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of CoQ from yeast, mammalian cell culture, and rodent models, as well as its absorption at the organism level. We discuss the use of these model organisms to probe the mechanisms of uptake and distribution. The literature indicates that CoQ uptake and distribution are multifaceted processes likely to have redundancies in its transport, utilizing the endomembrane system and newly identified proteins that function as lipid transporters. Impairment of the trafficking of either endogenous or exogenous CoQ exerts profound effects on metabolism and stress response. This review also highlights significant gaps in our knowledge of how CoQ is distributed within the cell and suggests future directions of research to better understand this process.
NONLINEAR PREDICTION OF HUMAN RESTING-STATE FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY BASED ON NETWORK COMMUNICATION MEASURES

Mounting evidence demonstrated that neuronal activity derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) relates to the underlying anatomical circuitry measured by diffusion tensor/spectrum imaging (DTI/DSI). However, exploring the relationship between functional connectivity (FC) and structural connectivity (SC) remains challengeable and thus has motivated a number of computational models to investigate the extent to which the dynamics depend on the topology. Nevertheless, most of the models are complex and difficult to treat analytically. In this paper, for simplicity, we utilize four network communication measures extracted from SC as well as polynomial curves fitting method to predict FC. Our results indicate that all of these measures predict FC via the nonlinear fitting method. Besides, compared with the linear method, the fitting value between predicted FC and empirical FC attains higher after applying nonlinear process on communication measures which may help to shed light on the function-structure relationship.
EVALUATION OF AL KABEER AL SHAMALI RIVER'S WATER SUITABILITY FOR DRINKING, BASED ON MODELING AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA DETECTION IN SYRIA

Using river water as a source for drinking water is a big challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the fate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa "opportunistic bacteria " in Al Kabeer Al Shamali River and its correlation with drinking water quality (pH, Electrical conductivity, Turbidity, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+ and PO4-3) in three locations; lake inlet " Ghammam Bridge ", artificial (the 16th Tishreen Dam Lake, and the outlet Ain al-Bayda irrigation tunnel). during the period 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The membrane filtration technique was used to detect Ps. Aeruginosa. Results showed significant differences (p<0.05) between sites for Ps. Aeruginosa, EC, Tur and NO3- . The highest counts for Ps. aeruginosa recorded in Ghammam Bridge water reaching 290000 cfu/100 mL ​​in Jun and correlated with NH4+ (r =0.72). Then counts decreased to 420 cfu/100 ml in May in 16 Tishreen Dam Lake water, due to stratification and environmental stresses. Ps. Aeruginosa counts were higher in lake outlet than 16th Dam Lake and reached 53000 cfu/ 100 ml in July, May due to the release from sediments. Canadian Water Quality Index CCME WQI showed that the lake inlet water is moderate class C (64). The waters of 16th Dam Lake and the outlet are of good grade II B due to sedimentation. These results provide the basis for choosing appropriate sterilization methods to reach health goals to connect this major water source to the drinking water network in Lattakia city
THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF MARITAL SATISFACTION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUALITY FAMILY LIFE AND WELL-BEING OF MARRIED COUPLES

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating effect of marital satisfaction on the relationship between the quality family life and the well-being of married couples. Utilizing quantitative, non-experimental design via correlational technique, data were obtained from 300 married couples, in one of the cities in Davao Province. The researcher utilized a stratified sampling technique and survey mode of data collection. The researcher also utilized the statistical tools mean, Pearson r and Med-graph using Sobel z-test. From the results of the study, it was found out that there are very high levels of mean scores for quality family life and well-being of married couples while a high level for marital satisfaction. Also, results revealed that there are significant relationships between quality family life and the well-being of married couples, between quality family life and marital satisfaction and between marital satisfaction and the well-being of married couples. Further, it was revealed that there is a partial mediation of the effect of marital satisfaction on the relationship between quality family life and the well-being of married couples. Article visualizations:
A Molecular Dynamics Study of Subsurface Hydrogen-Helium Bubbles in Tungsten

Fusion reactor materials experience high ion fluxes and operating temperatures, which will ultimately produce subsurface helium and hydrogen bubbles in the tungsten divertor that can cause surface degradation and impact core plasma performance. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to evaluate the behavior of hydrogen and helium near a 2-nm bubble or void below a tungsten surface as a function of surface orientation, temperature, gas atom concentration, initial hydrogen distribution, and depth below the surface. A clear tendency for hydrogen to segregate to the bubble-matrix interface is observed in these simulations, regardless of the initial spatial distribution of the hydrogen or simulation parameters. This segregation is due in part to a local minimum in the hydrogen energy at the periphery of the bubble. Further work is required to fully characterize the mechanism of this behavior and to assess the quantities of hydrogen in the bubble and at the bubble periphery.
Wavelets and Entropy for Power Quality Assessment

In this paper, wavelet transform and entropy are evaluated using the mathematical analysis concepts of reflexibility, regularity and series obtention, these concepts remark the reason to make a selective reference framework for power quality applications. With this idea the paper used the same treatment for the two algorithms (Multiresolution and Multiscale Entropy). The wavelet is denoted to have the most power full consistence to the light off the reflexibility, regularity and series obtention. The paper proposes a power quality technique namely MpqAT.
A Two-Dimensional Dynamical Model for the Subseasonal Variability of the Asian Monsoon Anticyclone

The Asian monsoon anticyclone, which develops in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere during boreal summer, exhibits significant subseasonal variability with a characteristic spatial structure. The dynamics of this variability is investigated using a nonlinear β-plane shallow-water model. The equivalent depth is estimated using reanalysis data to relate the three-dimensional dynamics in isentropic coordinates to the shallow-water model. Composite analysis reveals the resemblance of the horizontal structures between the Montgomery streamfunction and thickness on the 360-K level. However, the coefficients of the linear regressions between those two variables are strongly dependent on latitude. The estimated equivalent depths of the northern region are more than 2 times greater than those of the southern region. This is attributable to the background thermal structure around the tropopause. Based on this, a latitude-dependent mean depth is incorporated into the shallow-water model to numerically investigate responses to a steady localized forcing in the subtropics. With the inclusion of the latitudinal dependence of the mean depth, the vortex shedding state is able to have a longitudinally confined structure, which differs from the conventional case of constant mean depth. The spatial structure of this numerical solution corresponds to the observed structure, in which low-PV air is largely confined to finite longitudes within the Asian monsoon anticyclone. This suggests the possible role of dynamical instability and the interaction with the subtropical jet in determining the characteristic structure of the Asian monsoon anticyclone.
New Berry–Esseen bounds for functionals of binomial point processes.

We obtain explicit Berry-Esseen bounds in the Kolmogorov dis- tance for the normal approximation of non-linear functionals of vectors of independent random variables. Our results are based on the use of Stein’s method and of random difference operators, and generalise the bounds obtained by Chatterjee (2008), concerning normal approximations in the Wasserstein distance. In order to obtain lower bounds for variances, we also revisit the classical Hoeffding decompositions, for which we provide a new proof and a new representation. Several applications are discussed in detail: in particular, new Berry-Esseen bounds are obtained for set approximations with random tessellations, as well as for functionals of coverage processes.
Search for short-baseline oscillations at the NOvA Near Detector

Anomalous results from past neutrino experiments have been interpreted as potential evidence for an additional sterile neutrino with a mass on order of 1 eV, but this evidence remains inconclusive. The NOvA Near Detector is a 300 ton almost fully-active fine-grained liquid scintillator detector, that was designed for electron-neutrino identification. The detector is placed along the Fermilab NuMI beam line 1 km from the target and 14.6 mrad off-axis. At this off-axis angle the detector is exposed to a narrow band beam peaked at 2 GeV. Therefore the NOvA Near Detector will see neutrinos with a L/E range that is sensitive to oscillations between active neutrinos and light sterile neutrinos. In this report we discuss NOvA sensitivity from the joint electron-neutrino appearance and muon-neutrino disappearance analysis search for short-baseline sterile neutrino mixing.
Amplification of Chromosome 1q Predicts Poor Overall Survival in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients

Background Chromosome 1q copy number alterations are common in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, and in most published studies, there is no distinction made between three copies or the addition of at least four copies. The impact of these copy number alterations on patient outcome and optimal treatment is not fully understood. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 136 transplant eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma from our national registry, who were treated with first autologous stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Results Patients with at least four copies of chromosome 1q had the poorest prognosis, with an overall survival of only 28.3 months. In multivariate analysis, four copies of chromosome 1q were the only statistically significant factor for overall survival. Conclusions Despite the use of novel agents, transplantation, and maintenance therapy, patients with a gain of four copies of chromosome 1q have a very poor survival rate. Therefore, prospective studies using immunotherapy in this patient population are necessary.
Effect of Junction Cell Temperature and Geographical Coordinates on The Electrical Performances of a Photovoltaic Module

After the absorption of the photons, during the photovoltaic conversion process, one part of the radiation remains unabsorbed causing the cell to overheat and thus a drop in efficiency. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of junction temperature, geographic coordinates as well as the season on the electrical performance of the photovoltaic cell. The results obtained show that the junction temperature has an effect which is not favorable on the electrical efficiency of the module for high temperatures around midday which is of 11% however it reaches 14% for low temperatures in the morning. Geographical coordinates at different altitudes, have no effect on the energy produced from the module, but the effect of the season on the efficiency confirms the previous results, that, the efficiency is good for low temperatures. The results are obtained by simulation, through a computer code in FORTRAN language, designed for this purpose. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Bread Wheat Landraces Adaptability to Low-Input Agriculture

Bread wheat landraces were an important source of biodiversity used in agriculture before the widespread adoption of high-yielding commercial cultivars adapted to high inputs. Could future agriculture exploit these landraces in different cropping systems in organic or lower-input environments? A two-year field trial was conducted to evaluate grain yield, agronomic performance, and grain quality of bread wheat landraces under different cropping systems, including low-input/organic/conventional environments. Significant variability was found for almost all characteristics among landraces, which makes landraces valuable sources of genetic variation for breeding programs aimed at achieving high and consistent production as well as high-quality products in low-input/organic environments. Additionally, landraces play a crucial role in expanding the genetic diversity of cultivated bread wheat and mitigating biodiversity erosion, thereby enabling crops to better withstand the challenges of low-input/organic agriculture. The landrace “Xilokastro Lamias” had the highest yield among the landraces evaluated in the first growing season (2.65 t·ha−1) and one of the highest yields (2.52 t·ha−1) of all genotypes in the second growing season, which shows promising potential as a starting material in breeding programs targeting high and stable yields. GGE biplot analysis identified the landrace ”Xilokastro Lamias”, along with commercial cultivars “Yecora E” and “Panifor”, as suitable candidates for direct use in low-input/organic wheat farming systems to achieve enhanced productivity. In the conventional environment (C2-IPGRB), commercial cultivars showed the highest values (3.09 to 3.41 ton·ha−1). Of the landraces, only the X4 showed a high GY (3.10 ton·ha−1) while the other landraces had ~33–85% lower yield. In the organic environment (O2-IPGRB), the highest productivity was found in the commercial cultivar X5 and the landrace X4. Commercial cultivars X8 and X7 showed ~68% reduction in GY in the organic environment compared to the conventional, while this reduction was half for the landraces. Finally, the reduction in grain yield between conventional and organic environments was observed to be 45% for commercial cultivars, while it was only half for landraces. This finding confirms the adaptability of landraces to organic agriculture.
Studying the Utility of Using Reed and Sawdust as Waste Materials to Produce Cementitious Building Units

In this research, the possibility of using waste wooden materials (reed and sawdust) was studied to produce sustainable and thermal insulation lightweight building units , which has economic and environmental advantages. This study is intended to produce light weight building units with low thermal conductivity, so it can be used as partitions to improve the thermal insulation in buildings. Waste wooden materials were used as a partial replacement of natural sand, in different percentages (10, 20, 30, and 40) % . The mix proportions were (1:2.5) (cement: fine aggregate) with w/c of 0.4. The values of 28 days oven dry density ranged between (2060-1693) kg/m3.The thermal conductivity decreased from (0.745 to 0.222) W/m. K . The percentages of decrease in 28 days compressive strength were (30.8, 36.8, 50 and 56.4) % . The flexural strength increased at low replacement of reed and sawdust content, and then it decreases with the increase of reed and sawdust content. At the end of the work, building units were produced from selected mix (natural sand with 30 % reed and sawdust) (MS30) . Two types of brick units were produced; the first type without coating reed or sawdust and the second type was coated with bituminous emulsion. The coating with bituminous emulsion increased the compressive by about (20.3) % and the water absorption was reduced by about (30.4) %. Efflorescence was almost negligible for both types of bricks.
Breakdown mechanism in 1 kA/cm2 and 960 V E-mode β-Ga2O3 vertical transistors

A high current density of 1 kA/cm2 is experimentally realized in enhancement-mode Ga2O3 vertical power metal-insulator field-effect transistors with fin-shaped channels. Comparative analysis shows that the more than doubled current density over the prior art arises from a larger transistor channel width; on the other hand, a wider channel also leads to a more severe drain-induced barrier lowering therefore premature transistor breakdown at zero gate-source bias. The observation of a higher current density in a wider channel confirms that charge trapping in the gate dielectric limits the effective field-effect mobility in these transistor channels, which is about 2× smaller than the electron mobility in the Ga2O3 drift layer. The tradeoff between output-current density and breakdown voltage also depends on the trap density. With minimal trap states, the output current density should remain high while breakdown voltage increases with decreasing fin-channel width.