Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The burrowing crayfish Parastacus pugnax (Decapoda: Parastacidae) in the Semiarid Region of Chile: findings of a naturalized or threatened population?

ABSTRACT Parastacus pugnax is an endemic burrowing crayfish from the basins of the Mediterranean and Temperate Wet regions of Chile. For the first time, specimens were found incidentally in the Semiarid Region of Chile (Choapa River Basin). In these regions, hydrological changes derived from global warming and the intensive use of water for irrigation have resulted in highly fragmented habitats, where the effects of the dry season are exacerbated by periods of permanent drought. Unfortunately, in the Semiarid Region there are not regulatory measures for the conservation of the native biota. The aims of this study were to determine the spatial distribution patterns of P. pugnax in the Choapa River Basin (⁓31°S) to expand and contribute with updated knowledge about the distribution and natural history of this species highlighting local environmental management issues. Seasonal occurrence surveys were carried out at eight sites stratified by elevation in the lower, middle, and upper zones of this basin. This was complemented by semi-structured interviews within local prawn´s fisher. Parastacus pugnax was distributed across ⁓25 km in the lower and middle zone of the basin, and it is present in lentic and lotic environments. The occurrence of this excavator species in lotic environments is somehow unusual according to its ecology, which suggests that it is a primary facultative excavator, so a re-evaluation of its current ecological category (category 1; primary excavator) is necessary. According to the interviewees, P. pugnax corresponds to a naturalized species introduced by humans ⁓25–30 years ago for artisanal aquaculture in ponds. The wide altitudinal distribution of P. pugnax in the Choapa River Basin indicates the need to re-evaluate its distribution limits, which traditionally placed the Parastacidae family to the south of Aconcagua River Basin (⁓33°S). To understand the origin of the species in the Choapa River Basin, is clue to specify the phylogenetic structure and determinate whether the presence in the Semiarid Region is constrained to the Choapa River Basin or extends to other basins within this region.
Development and Validation of a Deep Neural Network for Accurate Identification of Endoscopic Images From Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease

Background and Aim The identification of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) is a key element interfering with therapeutic response, but it is often difficult for less experienced endoscopists to identify UC and CD. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a deep learning diagnostic system trained on a large number of colonoscopy images to distinguish UC and CD. Methods This multicenter, diagnostic study was performed in 5 hospitals in China. Normal individuals and active patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were enrolled. A dataset of 1,772 participants with 49,154 colonoscopy images was obtained between January 2018 and November 2020. We developed a deep learning model based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in the examination. To generalize the applicability of the deep learning model in clinical practice, we compared the deep model with 10 endoscopists and applied it in 3 hospitals across China. Results The identification accuracy obtained by the deep model was superior to that of experienced endoscopists per patient (deep model vs. trainee endoscopist, 99.1% vs. 78.0%; deep model vs. competent endoscopist, 99.1% vs. 92.2%, P < 0.001) and per lesion (deep model vs. trainee endoscopist, 90.4% vs. 59.7%; deep model vs. competent endoscopist 90.4% vs. 69.9%, P < 0.001). In addition, the mean reading time was reduced by the deep model (deep model vs. endoscopists, 6.20 s vs. 2,425.00 s, P < 0.001). Conclusion We developed a deep model to assist with the clinical diagnosis of IBD. This provides a diagnostic device for medical education and clinicians to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment.
A Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-308 Gene Polymorphism on Liver Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is an active hepatic inflammation process of the liver considered as the serious phase of different liver injuries. Epidemiological studies have evaluated the possible association between TNF-α-308G/A gene polymorphism and liver cirrhosis. In this study, we have furthered the study to assess the exact association of TNF-α-308G/A gene polymorphism with liver cirrhosis susceptibility by integrating all available data. Eligible case-control studies were carried out from the establishment of the project to September 2021. Published literature from multiple databases was retrieved, collected, and analyzed by two investigators independently. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for every study. Review Manager 5.2 and Stata 15.0 software were used for meta-analysis and stability was assessed by both subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression across the studies were also explored. We examined 22 case-control studies with 2683 cirrhosis patients and 2905 normal controls in four genetic models (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.95, 95%CI: (0.70, 1.30); AA vs. GG: OR = 1.11, 95% CI: (0.66, 1.85), GA + AA vs. GG: OR = 1.00, 95% CI: (0.73, 1.37); AA vs. GA + GG: OR = 1.07, 95%CI: (0.70,1.63)). TNF-α-308G/A gene polymorphism was relatively independent, and the results did not show a significant difference between the two groups. In the subgroup analysis by etiological classification of liver cirrhosis, cirrhosis after HCV infection was positively associated with the risk of TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism (AA vs. GG: OR = 3.02, 95% CI: (1.15, 7.88), AA vs. GA + GG: OR = 2.68, 95% CI: (1.04, 6.95)). The meta-analysis showed TNF-α-308G/A gene polymorphism might not have affected susceptibility for liver cirrhosis. Nevertheless, further and well-designed studies were needed to confirm the findings.
Reaching for the dream: A narrative study of skilled women domestic workers

Women domestic workers are often associated with females whose only task is completing domestic work. However, this construction has changed along with the development of the labour industry. Currently, they are associated with skilled domestic workers. The relationship between women domestic workers and their employer that was previously based on kinship is supposed to have shifted to a formal relationship, with work and wage agreements. This construction is also strengthened by the presence of social media, as a means for conveying their narrative as skilled workers and not just servants for their employers. This study examines the process of symbolic interactionism in women domestic workers through their narratives as skilled domestic workers. The data was collected qualitatively from four women domestic workers in the Jakarta area as the research participants. As a metropolitan city, Jakarta has the highest number of domestic workers in Indonesia. Based on the data analysis, women domestic workers conceptualised their profession as experienced and versatile individuals in performing various domestic work and are the backbone of their respective families. Therefore, this conceptualisation shows that the participants can break away from the stereotype that domestic workers are lowly and unskilled workers. The interaction between participants and their employer raises non-physical symbols reflecting dedication and loyalty. In addition, the interaction process is a learning tool for subjects to obtain resources that equalise them with other workers in the domestic sector.
Exterior post-tensioned band beam to column connections under earthquake loading

Abstract Although post-tensioned wide band beams are an extremely common structural floor system in Australia, very little is known about their performance under seismic loading. This study presents the results of two half-scale exterior post-tensioned wide band beam to column connections under seismic loading. The specimens were designed and detailed in accordance with current Australian practice to AS 3600-2009 to resist gravity loading only. The first specimen had tendons evenly distributed throughout the beam width, while the second specimen had the outer tendons moved much closer to the column side face. Both specimens performed similarly and torsional damage to the edge beam was critical. Both specimens achieved drifts of 3.0% or higher prior to significant loss in capacity, which is greater than the imposed maximum drift limit in most design codes. A 3D finite element parametric analysis was undertaken using the experimental results to calibrate the model. In addition to ensuring all reinforcement is properly anchored, this analysis confirmed the importance of the edge beam in the behaviour of the overall connection. Providing closed ligatures in the edge beam to the side face of the column was found to be critical to ensuring overall ductility of the connection, as well as minimising additional torsion placed on the edge beam by concentrating reinforcement within the column width where possible.
Machine learning of cloud types shows higher climate sensitivity is associated with lower cloud biases

Uncertainty in cloud feedback in climate models is a major limitation in projections of future climate. Therefore, to ensure the accuracy of climate models, evaluation and improvement of cloud simulation is essential. We analyse cloud biases and cloud change with respect to global mean near-surface temperature (GMST) in climate models relative to satellite observations, and relate them to equilibrium climate sensitivity, transient climate response and cloud feedback. For this purpose, we develop a supervised deep convolutional artiﬁcial neural network for determination of cloud types from low-resolution (approx. 5 1 ◦ × 1 ◦ ) daily mean top of atmosphere shortwave and longwave radiation ﬁelds, corresponding to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) cloud genera recorded by human observers in the Global Telecommunication System. We train this network on a satellite top of atmosphere radiation observed by the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES), and apply it on the Climate Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 and 6 (CMIP5 and CMIP6) historical and abrupt-4xCO2 exper-iment model output and the ECMWF Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5) and the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research 10 and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalyses. We compare these with satellite observations, link biases in cloud type occurrence derived from the neural network to change with respect to GMST to climate sensitivity, and compare our cloud types with an existing cloud regime classiﬁcation based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) satellite data. We show that there is a signiﬁcant negative linear relationship between the root mean square error of cloud type occurrence derived from the neural network and model equi-15 librium climate sensitivity and transient climate response (Bayes factor 22 and 17, respectively). This indicates that models with a better representation of the cloud types globally have higher climate sensitivity. Factoring in results from other studies, there are two possible explanations: either high climate sensitivity models are plausible, contrary to combined assessments of climate sensitivity by previous review studies, or the accuracy of representation of present-day clouds in models is negatively correlated with the accuracy of representation of future projected clouds.
Modeling and prediction of dengue cases in the short and long term in Villa Clara, Cuba using climatic variables and objective regressive regression

Climate has an important influence on infectious diseases and their different modes of transmission. Dengue is among the most relevant for Cuban public health. Due to the pronounced effect that environmental changes can have on the biology of Aedes aegypti, it is very likely that the epidemiology of this arbovirosis will be profoundly influenced by future climate change. The aim of the study was to analyze the possible relationship between meteorological variables and the incidence of Dengue in Villa Clara province, Cuba during the years 2017-2020, and to perform a predictive model of the behavior of the disease during 2021. Retrospective research was carried out in which the possible effects of diversifications of temperature, precipitation, humidity, water vapor tension, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, cloudiness and saturation deficit on the deviations in the epidemiological curves of Dengue infection in Villa Clara (2017-2020) were analyzed to predict the future behavior of the referred entity during the current year. A correlation of the infectious entity with minimum temperature (R=0.332; p=0.023) and water vapor tension (R=0.298; p=0.042) was obtained, as well as an inverse relationship with atmospheric pressure (R=-0.317; p=0.030). It is concluded that a predictive model was obtained for 2021 with high reliability, in which a decrease in the incidence of Dengue is predicted in the month of March until July, but after August to December the values will increase greatly.
Endogenous Abatement Technology

In this paper, we first explore empirical evidence on i) the role the ETS carbon pricing system plays in emissions reduction at the Euro Zone (EZ) level, and ii) fiscal and macro-financial drivers of green innovation. We use macro time series data from EZ and US as well as panel data from the EZ, receptively. We find that the ETS price plays a significant role in emissions reduction, as well as in steering green innovation. However, above a certain level, it negatively impacts green research and development (R&D), whereas long-term loans help boost green R&D. Second, to investigate the role financial policy could play in stimulating green R&D, we build a general equilibrium model where we show how green innovation could help achieve the net-zero target at lower output costs compared to fiscal carbon policies. We then expand the model to account for both financial intermediaries and endogenous green growth, the latter of which implies increasingly efficient abatement. Using Bayesian techniques, we first estimate the model and then construct counterfactual policy implementation scenarios, where we show that financial subsidies, macroprudential policies, and monetary policy differently affect the path of the trend growth in green innovation, and that they all have the same pro-cyclical dynamics. Finally, we investigate the net-zero emissions target under the three above-mentioned policies in order to assess their efficacy.
EFFECT OF RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF SELECTED INSECTICIDES TO THE MALAYSIAN STINGLESS BEE HETEROTRIGONA ITAMA

Heterotrigona itama is a Malaysian stingless bee species that actively reared for meliponiculture. This stingless bee is cultivated in a commercial scale for its honey production, propolis and among the greatest commercial potential as crop pollinators. However, this species has been potentially exposed to agronomic practices, among which the use of synthetic insecticides against pests. The indirect toxicity effect of the post-insecticide had affected the mortalities of H. itama especially, to the foragers. Due to that, a study has been conducted to determine the lethal concentration of 50% (LC50) and 95% (LC95) of the selected insecticides against stingless bee forager workers through residual exposure. The bioassay test was conducted to the local stingless bee H. itama at Agricultural Research Station, Tenom. Four commonly used insecticides in crop protection; Deltamethrin, Chlorpyrifos, Cypermethrin and Malathion were tested at five concentrations that diluted with 500 ml of distilled water in three replications for each insecticide. Lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) were obtained from probit analysis after 1-hour dry residues exposure and 24-hour mortality observation. The result shows that; all four tested insecticides were harmful to H. itama through dry residue. Deltamethrin shows the higher value of LC50 (1.256 ml) and LC95 (3.582ml) that make it less toxic to the H. itama than cypermethrin, malathion, and chlorpyrifos, however, as the concentration gets higher it becomes more toxic.
Mortality and Immediate Hospital Outcome of New-born with Congenital Anomalies

Introduction: Congenital anomalies include all structural and functional alterations in embryonic or fetal development resulting from genetic, environmental or unknown causes, which result in physical and/or mental impairment. There may be single or multiple alterations with major or minor clinical significance. Each year, eight million children are born worldwide with congenital malformations, of which 3.3 million die before the age of five and 3.2 million of the survivors may be mentally and/or physically disabled. The Aim of the study was to evaluate the mortality and immediate hospital outcome of newborn with congenital anomalies. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Pediatric Medicine and Pediatric Surgery department of Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from April 2012 to September 2012. Eighty (80) newborns were included in the study using purposive sampling method. A pre designed questionnaire was completed for every neonate including H/O regular maternal antenatal care with taking of TT and MMR vaccine, any maternal disease or fever with rash, taking any offending drug, use of abortifacient, exposure to radiation or industrial hazards, feeding habit including smoking or use of alcohol and clinical and anthropological examination. After collecting, the data were processed and analyzed using computer aided statistical software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 16.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Ethical clearance was taken from the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of BICH, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Results: Three fourth (75.0%) study patients (Infants) age belonged to 1-5 days and their mean age was 4.04±3.43 days with range from 1 to 16 days. Male infants were 65.0% (52) and female infants were 35. 0% (28). Almost one third (31.3%) mothers’ age belonged to 26-30 years and their mean age was 25.11±5.21 years and almost two third (65.0%) mothers’ .
DRIVERS AND ENABLERS OF AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT: STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA

HEI in India is plagued by many problems, one of the most noticeable being the high rate of attrition and turnover. While several factors account for turnover, one of the reasons for most employees is the lack of identification and belongingness with their institutions. The affection, however, does not evolve in a day and requires perennial nurturing from transformational leaders. Transformational Leaders pervade a feeling of belongingness among employees for their organization through transcendence of employees’ personal interests for organizational interests. The relationship between Transformational Leaders and Affective Commitment, though, is not necessarily linear or direct and can be better understood through identification of mediating variables. The present study assumes that perception of followers about characteristics of their job (JC) is the key psychological instrument in explaining relation between Transformational Leadership (TL) and Affective Commitment(AC).
Development of High Order Thinking Skills Based Assessment Test on Reaction Rate

This development aims to produce a product in the form of a HOTS-based assessment test on reaction rate. The development was done according to the ADDIE development model. However, due to the limited situation implementation and evaluation stages were not yet completed. The developed instrument consists of 15 items in the form of multiple-choice with 5 possible choices. The content of the assessment instrument was validated by three experts and empirical validation was done by subjecting the test to 29 students of the 3rd semester majoring in Chemistry and 61 high school students majoring in science. Content validation showed the instrument was 93.33% valid which fell to very good criteria. Empirical validation showed that all 15 items were valid and reliable. Item validity had rcount value between 0.225 and 0.737 (rtable= 0.207) at 95% confidence level, while reliability test gave Cronbach's Alpha value equal to 0.805. In terms of item difficulty, 10 items were classified as moderate, 1 item was classified as easy, and 4 items were classified as difficult. As to the effectivity of distractor effect, 3 items out of 15 items contained ineffective distracting effect, which had been revised. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the assessment test was suitable for further stages, implementation and evaluation. However, the last two stages of ADDIE would be better to perform with the prerequisite condition when the students are learning in an environment that is constructed to developed HOTS.
Effect of foliar nutrition on growth and yield of hybrid pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L). R.Br.)

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy farm, of S.K. N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan) during kharif 2020 on loamy sand soil, which consisted ten treatments of foliar nutrition (control, RDF, RDF + water spray, RDF+ urea 2% spray at FI, RDF+ DAP 2% spray at FI, RDF+ MOP 2% spray at FI, 19:19:19 (NPK) 2% spray at FI, RDF + B chelate 0.5% spray at FI, RDF + Zn chelate 0.5% spray at FI, RDF + Fe chelate 0.5% spray at FI and RDF+ urea 2% spray at FI) and were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Results indicated that application of RDF+ DAP 2% spray at FI, RDF + MOP 2% spray at FI, RDF+ urea 2% spray at FI, RDF + Fe chelate 0.5% spray at FI, RDF + Zn chelate 0.5% spray at FI and RDF + B chelate 0.5% spray at FI remaining at par with each other significantly increased plant height, dry matter accumulation, total number of tillers, ear length, grains per ear, test weight, grain, stover and biological yield and protein content over control.
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE OAT PRODUCTION-A REVIEW

1Department of Agronomy, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh), India 2M.S. Swaminathan school of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi-761211, (Odisha), India 3Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack (Odisha), India *(e-mail : jagadish759020@gmail.com) (Received : 10 December 2019; Accepted : 25 December 2019)