Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens Inoculation on Attributes of the Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Soil Rhizosphere Microbial Community: The Role of the Management System

Inoculation with beneficial microbes has been proposed as an effective practice for the improvement of plant growth and soil health. Since soil acts as a physicochemical background for soil microbial communities, we hypothesized that its management will mediate the effects of microbial inoculants on the indigenous soil microbes. We examined the effects of bacterial inoculants [Bacillus subtilis (Ba), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Ps), and both (BaPs)] on the growth of Lactuca sativa cultivated in soils that originated from an organic maize (OS) and a conventional barley (CS) management system. Moreover, the biomass and the community structure of the rhizosphere microbial communities and the soil enzyme activities were recorded. The root weight was higher in CS than OS, while the foliage length was greater in OS than CS treatments. Only in OS pots, inoculants resulted in higher biomasses of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes compared to the control with the highest values being recorded in Ps and BaPs treated soils. Furthermore, different inoculants resulted in different communities in terms of structure mainly in OS soils. For soil enzymes, the effect of the management system was more important due to the high organic matter existing in OS soils. We suggest that for microbial inoculation to be effective it should be considered together with the management history of the soil.
Malaysian Early Childcare and Childhood Education (ECCE) Curriculum: Perspectives of Malaysian ECCE Educationists

Upon realising the importance of early childhood education for the nation’s development, Malaysian government began to enhance the quality of the ECCE curriculum through policies and legislation. Such developments are evident in the government agenda and several initiatives, including the National Key Result Areas (NKRA) in the 11th Malaysia Plan, the Government Transformation Programme (GTP) and the Education Blueprint 2013-2025. The quality of the ECCE curriculum in Malaysia has not yet received the required attention, as the focus continues to remain largely on achieving quantitative academic targets. This qualitative study examined educationists’ perspectives on the quality of current Malaysian Early Childcare and Childhood Education (ECCE) curriculum. The study employed a semi-structured interview protocols to probe the views from 11 Malaysian educationists. It concludes that educationists believe the documented Malaysian ECCE curriculum today is already aligned with the holistic child development philosophy, but the country may need a higher impact programs of teacher education and training, to produce qualified and competent teachers who would implement the curriculum effectively.
When Information is Not Enough: Evidence from a Centralized School Choice System

Students often make school choice decisions with inadequate information. We present results from delivering information to randomly selected students (and some randomly selected parents) across 900 junior high schools in Ghana, a country with universal secondary school choice. We provided guidance on application strategies and reported the selectivity and exit exam performance of secondary schools, information students and parents prioritized. We find that despite information changing the characteristics of schools to which students applied and students gaining admission to higher value-added schools, they were not more likely to matriculate on time or at all. Information was not the only constraint.
Material efficiency and climate change mitigation of passenger vehicles

A transition to electric vehicles and renewable energy is currently underway but may not be rapid enough in order to reach ambitious climate change mitigation targets. Therefore, additional, preferably instantaneous, measures are needed for quick emission reductions, which is where material efficiency (ME) could constitute a promising solution. ME strategies include but are not limited to vehicle lightweighting through material substitution, increased recycling of materials, reuse and remanufacturing of vehicle components, vehicle downsizing (switching to a smaller vehicle), and more intensive use by means of increased vehicle occupancy through sharing practices. While recent analyses have focused on a narrow subset of ME strategies, we find striking differences in the overall potential of different measures to decrease vehicular carbon footprints. Downsizing and more intensive use offer the largest mitigation potential but strongly depend on consumer behavior and are highly sensitive to modeling assumptions. Combined, the analyzed strategies can achieve emission reductions of up to 57% over the life cycle of a single vehicle, which is comparable to up to 83% achieved through a shift to low‐carbon energy supply. ME can cut carbon footprints of already efficient vehicles charging renewable electricity by half again. This makes ME both an excellent short‐term solution for climate change mitigation targeting the light‐vehicle sector but also an important complementary strategy to the long‐term transition toward electric vehicles and renewable energy supply. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
Hypergolic Materials Synthesis through Reaction of Fuming Nitric Acid with Certain Cyclopentadienyl Compounds

Recently we have shown the importance of hypergolic reactions in carbon materials synthesis. However, hypergolic reactions could be certainly expanded beyond carbon synthesis, offering a general preparative pathway towards a larger variety of materials. Cyclopentadienyls are one of the most common ligands in organometallic chemistry that react hypergolicly on contact with strong oxidizers. By also considering the plethora of cyclopentadienyl compounds existing today, herein we demonstrate the potential of such compounds in hypergolic materials synthesis in general (carbon or inorganic). In a first example, we show that cyclopentadienyllithium reacts hypergolicly with fuming nitric acid to produce carbon. In a second one, we show that ferrocene and cobaltocene also react hypergolicly with the concentrated acid to afford magnetic inorganic materials, such as γ-Fe2O3 and metallic Co, respectively. The present results further emphasize the importance and universal character of hypergolic reactions in materials science synthesis, as an interesting new alternative to other existing and well-established preparative methods.
Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for Cedrela fissilis Vell (Meliaceae), an endangered tropical tree species

Abstract The timber of the Neotropical tree Cedrela fissilis is used in construction, shipbuilding, carpentry and for medical purposes. In this study, polymorphic microsatellite (SSR) markers derived from an enriched genomic library were characterized using 120 adult trees from four different C. fissilis populations. No substantial genotypic linkage disequilibrium was detected among all possible pairs of SSR loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 20, the average allele number ranged from 8 to 9.7, depending on the population. The observed heterozygosity among the different SSR loci varied from 0.0 to 1.00 , the expected heterozygosity varied from 0.07 to 0.95 On the population level, the average observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.50 to 0.63 and from 0.64 to 0.70, respectively. The average fixation index among populations ranged from 0.09 to 0.24. Thus, the SSR loci revealed high poly - morphism rates and can be used to study the genetic diversity,structure, mating system, and gene flow in C. fissilis.
The Labor of Building Trust: Traditional and Engagement Discourses for Practicing Journalism in a Digital Age

This work of rhetorical analysis interrogates the understanding of journalism as a deliberative instrument in democracy. With 42 in-depth interviews and hundreds of pages of text from websites, social media, and trade press articles, we find a major shift occurring in the United States between more traditional reporters and a growing class often calling themselves “engagement specialists. ” These engagement-oriented journalists assert a responsibility to relationally engage with citizens in person and online, making space for them in the news production process. These emerging routines of trust-building are informing a new rhetoric around what it means to “do journalism. ”
Exist or exit? Women business‐owners in Bangladesh during COVID‐19

AbstractWithin the unique context of COVID-19, this feminist research provides novel insights on how gender-specific issues are articulated in the experiences of women concerning their small businesses in a patriarchal developing nation Based on the interviews of women business-owners in Bangladesh, this research reveals diversified gendered experiences of women at the private and public spheres in continuing the business operation during the pandemic period It also unveils patriarchal practices regarding women's discontinuing or closing down the ventures due to the COVID-19 crisis Thus, the research substantially advances the understanding on the influence of gender on women's continuing or discontinuing or even closing down their businesses in a highly patriarchal developing nation during the pandemic period It further offers important suggestions for policy practitioners in supporting women business-owners of the patriarchal developing nation during the COVID-19 pandemic This article is protected by copyright All rights reserved
Does Co-Production Lead to the Creation of Public Value? Balancing the Dimensions of Public Value Creation in Urban Mobility Planning

Co-production is intended to co-create public value. This article analyzes how co-producers address the tensions that arise among the various dimensions of public value. The article builds on the theory of coping strategies to examine individuals’ coping behaviors. Two urban mobility planning cases are studied in depth. This study finds that co-producers experience various tensions between public value dimensions. Furthermore, co-producers cope with the tensions both according to balancing strategies and trade-off strategies, preferring one value dimension over the other. In addition, the empirical evidence provides examples of circumstances, such as communication, in which a balancing exercise is enhanced.
Functionalised h‐BN as an effective lubricant additive in PAO oil for MoN coating sliding against Si3N4 ball

Hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) exhibits great potential for tribological applications due to its attractive 2D layered structure. In this work, functionalised hexagonal boron nitride (f‐BN) was prepared by ultrasonic exfoliation of pristine h‐BN in water and subsequent hydrothermal modification with sodium oleat. Fourier infrared spectra and X‐ray photoelectron spectra analyses showed that long alkyl‐chains were successfully grafted on the surface of f‐BN by modification process. The tribological properties of the as‐prepared f‐BN as lubricant additive in poly‐alpha‐olefin 10 (PAO10) for lubricating MoN coating sliding against Si3N4 ball were evaluated by a ball‐on‐disc friction tester. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the oil dispersed with 2 mg/mL f‐BN was respectively reduced by 42% and 29% in comparison with the pure PAO10 oil, suggesting that f‐BN was an effective lubricating additive for reducing friction and wear. Finally, the lubricating mechanism of f‐BN dispersed in PAO10 was discussed and proposed.
Design Trade-Offs for Neural Stimulators Optimization

Recently, electrical stimulation has been widely used for biomedical applications, such as cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant, muscle exercising, vision restoration, and seizure suppression. This paper presents two compact and power-efficient optimized neural stimulators for seizure suppression. These neural stimulators compromise between various design trade-offs such as adaptability with the load variations, multi-waveform generation for different seizures suppression, power efficiency, and linearity issues. The first design is an adaptable closed-loop current stimulator with a bipolar electrode, while the other design is a multi-waveform open-loop current stimulator with a unipolar electrode. Finally, the first design optimizes the power consumption to 429.68 μW and occupies 0.11 mm2. However, the second design achieves a high-power efficiency equals 96.47 % and occupies 0.015 mm2. Both stimulators are implemented using UMC 0.13 μm CMOS technology.
Dispersive Fast Magnetosonic Waves and Shock‐Driven Compressible Turbulence in the Inner Heliosheath

The solar wind in the inner heliosheath beyond the termination shock (TS) is a nonequilibrium collisionless plasma consisting of thermal solar wind ions, suprathermal pickup ions, and electrons. In such multi‐ion plasma, two fast magnetosonic wave modes exist, the low‐frequency fast mode and the high‐frequency fast mode. Both fast modes are dispersive on fluid and ion scales, which results in nonlinear dispersive shock waves. We present high‐resolution three‐fluid simulations of the TS and the inner heliosheath up to a few astronomical units (AU) downstream of the TS. We show that downstream propagating nonlinear fast magnetosonic waves grow until they steepen into shocklets, overturn, and start to propagate backward in the frame of the downstream propagating wave. The counterpropagating nonlinear waves result in 2‐D fast magnetosonic turbulence, which is driven by the ion‐ion hybrid resonance instability. Energy is transferred from small scales to large scales in the inverse cascade range, and enstrophy is transferred from large scales to small scales in the direct cascade range. We validate our three‐fluid simulations with in situ high‐resolution Voyager 2 magnetic field observations in the inner heliosheath. Our simulations reproduce the observed magnetic turbulence spectrum with a spectral slope of −5/3 in frequency domain. However, the fluid‐scale turbulence spectrum is not a Kolmogorov spectrum in wave number domain because Taylor's hypothesis breaks down in the inner heliosheath. The magnetic structure functions of the simulated and observed turbulence follow the Kolmogorov‐Kraichnan scaling, which implies self‐similarity.
Evaluation of Carbapenemase resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae family isolated from clinical specimens by using phenotypic methods in 2014-2015

Introduction: Carbapenems is on second line therapy of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and are the last defense line in critical infections Enterobacteriaceae family but Carbapenems resistance is increased so there are some problems when Carbapenems resistance is increased. Therefore, a new study about carbapenem resistance is necessary. Materials and Methods: This study collected 196 isolated bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae family from Hospitals patient of Tehran and evaluates them by phenotypic and biochemical methods. Also, the researcher studies the disk diffusion method and use it to determine antibiotic sensitivity of all bacteria according to the CLSI standard table. Results: From the total of 196 bacteria collected, the resistance to Meropenem is %39.79 and Imipenem is %45.91 and 30.10 percent to Meropenem and Imipenem resistance so that the percent resistance of bacteria is as follows: Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to Meropenem is %39.62 and Imipenem is %43.39. Meropenem and Imipenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae family are as follows: Salmonella resistance to Imipenem and Meropenem is %0 and %50, Citrobacter koseri the resistance to Imipenem and Meropenem %0 and %50, Citrobacter freundii Meropenem resistance of %28.57 and Imipenem %28.57, Escherichia coli resistance to Meropenem %39.70 and Imipenem %47.05, Klebsiella oxytoca resistance to Meropenem %46.6 and %40 Imipenem and Meropenem resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae %34.14 and Imipenem %53.65, respectively. Conclusion: There is an increasing resistance to Meropenem and Imipenem antibiotics in treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae family in our country. Hence, it should be properly and reasonably use these antibiotics.
Multiple shifts to open habitats in Melastomateae (Melastomataceae) congruent with the increase of African Neogene climatic aridity

African Melastomateae (Melastomataceae) comprise c. 185 species occurring in closed or open habitats throughout sub‐Saharan Africa. We sought to reconstruct biogeographical and habitat history, and shifts in diversification rates of African Melastomateae using a well‐sampled, dated molecular phylogeny.
Communication odorante et phéromonale à finalité alimentaire entre la lapine et les lapereaux.

Impact of maternal odours and pheromone on the feeding behaviour of rabbit pups Immediately after birth, then at every nursing visit of the doe, rabbit pup contacts the maternal abdomen and localize a nipple in less than 15 sec. This ability results from the expression by the newborn of a stereotyped behaviour triggered by two categories of odorants emitted by the does: 1) individual odours of the mother (e.g., originating from the diet), that are learned by the fetus, and then detected by the pup in the perinatal environment (amniotic fluid, milk); 2) a pheromone, recently identified in milk, emitted by all lactating females and active on the neonates independently of learning. In addition to their directional significance for newborns, these odours and pheromone may be later involved in the transition to the solid food in young rabbits.
Engaging in Political Talk on Facebook: Investigating the Role of Interpersonal Goals and Cognitive Engagement

ABSTRACT The decision to engage in informal political talk within one’s interpersonal network is not easily undertaken, particularly when that communication takes place through social networking sites (SNSs). This study explored motivations for engaging in informal political talk on the SNS, Facebook. Results suggest that those who are motivated by interpersonally focused goals online (i.e., relationship resource, affect management, and identity goals) are less likely to engage in political talk on Facebook, while those who are more politically motivated (i.e., cognitive engagement, influence, and personal resource goals) are more likely to engage in political talk on Facebook. Implications for encouraging informal political talk online are discussed. Video Abstract Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo
Isolation of a Novel Antimicrobial Compounds Producing Fungus Aspergillus niger MTCC 12676 and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity against Selected Pathogenic Microorganisms

A novel antimicrobial compounds producing strain of fungus was isolated from rhizospheric soil and identified as Aspergillus niger MTCC 12676 on the basis of morphological characters and molecular identification. Antimicrobial activity of this strain was evaluated by using different solvents against Gram positive bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Escherichia coli and two yeast namely Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata. Ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against most of the tested microorganisms with more pronounced effect in case of ethyl acetate. MIC of ethanol extract ranged from 0.1251. 25 mg/ml whereas that of ethyl acetate was in the range of 0.312-0.0625 mg/ml. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern revealed that Staphylococcus aureus and Candida glabrata were resistant against the ciprofloxamine and fluconazole respectively. Combination of ciprofloxamine with different extracts (Ethanol and Ethyl acetate) exhibited synergistic effect in case of E. coli, P. fluorescence and S. mutans. Similarly, combination of the two extracts with antibiotic fluconazole had a positive synergistic effect in case of C. albicans.
Trophic ecology of Scinax rostratus (Peters, 1863) and Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768) (Anura: Hylidae) in tropical dry forest of northern Colombia

We describe the diet of two syntopic Scinax species: S. rostratus and S. Ruber from northern lowlands of Colombia. These frogs do not exhibit a marked preference for the consumption of a particular type of prey. However, in their diets, orthopterans were a well-represented item. Only S. ruber showed a positive and significant relationship between the size of the jaw and the average volume of consumed prey. The diet of both species overlap with types of prey like: orthopterans, hemipterans and acari. Considering the trophic characteristics of both species we can classify as generalist predators that use the sit-and-wait strategy to capture their prey.
Is “Overhead” A Tainted Word? A Survey Experiment Exploring Framing Effects of Nonprofit Overhead on Donor Decision

Nonprofit overhead ratios (i.e., proportion of funds spent on fundraising and/or management) have long been used as a proxy for nonprofit efficiency. Prior studies find that donors negatively respond to charities with higher overhead. Using a survey experiment, we explore whether providing different types of information about overhead alleviates this donor aversion. When asked to choose between two organizations as donation recipients, donors preferred the organization with lower overhead. However, when presented with information that described the purpose of higher overhead as building long-term organizational capacity, an increased proportion of donors chose to give to the organization with higher overhead. Omitting the word “overhead” further increased the proportion of donors choosing the organization with higher overhead. This study adds to our understanding of overhead aversion and has practical implications for nonprofits that rely on voluntary private contributions to achieve their missions.
THE EFFECT OF SOWING DATE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER FORM ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SUNFLOWER

This study was initiated to investigate the effects of sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer forms on the yield and agronomic characteristics of two cultivars of oil sunflower (early, Sirena and late, Teknosol) in Erzurum, Eastern Anatolia of Turkey, in 2013 and 2015. Three sowing dates were established at about 10-day intervals from late-April to early and mid-May (22 April, 2 May and 12 May 2013; and 28 April, 8 May and 18 May 2015). Three nitrogen fertilizer forms ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and urea were used. The results of this study showed that sunflower seeding from 28 April to 8 May gives more assurance for higher yields. The present results highlighted the practical importance of fertilization with appropriate nitrogen fertilizer forms in seed and oil yield formation in sunflower, and the urea form can be suggested to meet its N requirements. The yield differences measured for three sowing dates and nitrogen fertilizer forms were primarily related to the changes in head diameter and 1000 seed weights. According to the results of this study, early sunflower cultivars, having the highest yield and agronomic characteristics can be recommended for the similar ecological condition of our study region a short growing season and high altitude.
Zero‐sum landscape effects on acorn predation associated with shifts in granivore insect community in new holm oak (Quercus ilex) forests

Landscape attributes can determine plant–animal interactions via effects on the identity and abundance of the involved species. As most studies have been conducted in a context of habitat loss and fragmentation, we know very little about interaction assembly in new habitats from a landscape approach. This study aimed to test the effect of forest age and connectivity on acorn predation by a guild of predator insects differing in dispersal ability and resilience mechanisms: two weevils (Curculio elephas and C. glandium) and one moth (Cydia fagiglandana) in expanding Quercus ilex forests.