Pathological and Hormonal Study of clinical repeat breeder cases in local Iraqi cows of Basra province

Cattle breeding are an important economic field in the world, in which there is a great connection between the benefit from the productivity and fertility of cows and the condition of females’ genital systems. Genital pathological, especially uterine infected and mineral deficiency, plays an essential role in animal husbandry, causing repeat breeder in cows. The requirement for additional inseminations, increasing culling rates and lower dairy output is a significant cause of infertility which has become a major cause of economic loss in the cattle business.The research examined at the primary reasons of repeat breeding, such as infectious disease, mineral deficiency, and hormonal problems. The study was conducted at the laboratories ofthe pathology and poultry diseases department and Theriogenology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Basrah University, during the period extended from December 2020 to the end of July 2021.A total samples 250 dairy cows was used in this study. The ages of cows were various range from 3 to 7 years, and Samples were divided into three groups: The 1 group of the study was 100 cows (repeat breeder) conducted clinically in fields of dairy cows. The 2 group of the study was 100 samples (repeat breeder) done through the gross investigation of the female reproductive tract in the Basrah slaughterhouse. The 3 group of the study was 50 samples of the female reproductive tract in the Basrah abattoir and fields ( normal estrus cycle ) as the control group to evaluate hormonal profile (FSH, LH andProgesterone), haematology parameter complete blood picture (CBC), biochemical parameters ( Zinc, magnesium andCopper),Bacteria in the reproductive system and Histopathological study cases of the uterus. Results showed the total number and percentage of endometrial uterine infections which appears in the present study showed increased value camper with another complication cases Tumor, Mineral deficiency, Para ovarian cyst, Follicular cyst and Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; 32(3) ISSN 2651-4451 | e-ISSN 2651-446X 30074 www.turkjphysiotherrehabil. org Piosalpingitis in cows.The results appear during bacterial isolates from cows uterine discharge increased percentage of Escherichia coli (63.46%) compere with Staphylococcus aureus(9.61%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (26.93%). The white blood cells and Lymphocytes in the present study werefound to be significantly (P≤0.05) higher in the abattoir group and live female group cows repeat breedingcomper with the control group.The haemoglobin and PCV values were significantly (P≤0.05) lower in the repeat breeding cows (abattoirand live female groups) than in the control group. Furthermore, the red blood cells(RBCs ×10/L ) values were significantly (P≤0.05) lower in the repeat breeding cows (abattoir group and live female group) than in the control group.The mean serum copper concentration in the repeat breeders groups was more significant(P<0.05) than in the control group. On the other hand, the serum Zn concentrations of the cows with repeat breeding (Abattoir group , Live group) significant(P<0.05) values than in control group. Furthermore , the results also showedmagnesium concentrations in the repeat breeder group were significant(P<0.05) valuesthancontrol group. From 250 samples of females’ genital system of slaughtered and filed cows were examined, found Inflammatory gross changes of endometritis were found in 61 (24 %) and classified according to histological examination as; chronic endometritis 19 /61 (31%), subacuteendometritis 22/61 (36 %) and acute endometritis 20/61 (32 % ), while metritis cases 43/250 (17.2 % ) were of the chronic type of inflammation. All endometritis and metritis cases were characterized by increased thickness of uterine serosa with yellowish coloured pus accumulation.