Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Address space through REBEKAH-IP: An Architectural View

The advent of 2.5 and 3G networks mark the beginning of the mobile Internet. The investments in these technologies will be the largest in the history of telecommunication. However, their success will largely depend on the availability of successful services and initially these will largely constitute existing services. These services all reside in the current IPv4 address space which make them inaccessible to mobile Internet terminals that will reside in the IPv6 address space. There have been many proposals in literature for translating between the two address spaces, but as we will show, they all have shortcomings that make them unsuitable for large scale deployment in the mobile Internet. In this paper, we detail the algorithms and mechanisms of our proposal for overcoming the shortcomings of the previous proposals. We also present experimental results from early experiments that justify our implementation design decisions. (Less)
Robust ℌ∞ performance of periodic systems with memory: New formulations, analysis and design results

This paper is devoted to H∞ analysis and synthesis conditions of state-feedback periodic memory controllers, in the framework of periodic uncertain discrete-time systems. The proposed conditions are such that the user is allowed to freely add degrees-of-freedom to the control law which effectively reduces the conservatism of the synthesis condition and decreases the guaranteed H∞ induced norm of the obtained uncertain closed-loop systems. Numerical examples show that for a particular structure of controllers the efficiency of the design theorem can be significantly enhanced by relaxing the structure of slack-variables.
Normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion using steen solution as perfusate for human liver transplantation: First North American results

The European trial investigating normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP) as a preservation technique for liver transplantation (LT) uses gelofusine, a non–US Food and Drug Administration–approved, bovine‐derived, gelatin‐based perfusion solution. We report a safety and feasibility clinical NEVLP trial with human albumin–based Steen solution. Transplant outcomes of 10 human liver grafts that were perfused on the Metra device at 37 °C with Steen solution, plus 3 units of erythrocytes were compared with a matched historical control group of 30 grafts using cold storage (CS) as the preservation technique. Ten liver grafts were perfused for 480 minutes (340‐580 minutes). All livers cleared lactate (final lactate 1.46 mmol/L; 0.56‐1.74 mmol/L) and produced bile (61 mL; 14‐146 mL) during perfusion. No technical problems occurred during perfusion, and all NEVLP‐preserved grafts functioned well after LT. NEVLP versus CS had lower aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase values on postoperative days 1‐3 without reaching significance. No difference in postoperative graft function between NEVLP and CS grafts was detected as measured by day 7 international normalized ratio (1.1 [1‐1.56] versus 1.1 [1‐1.3]; P = 0.5) and bilirubin (1.5; 1‐7.7 mg/dL versus 2.78; 0.4‐15 mg/dL; P = 0.5). No difference was found in the duration of intensive care unit stay (median, 1 versus 2 days; range, 0‐8 versus 0‐23 days; P = 0.5) and posttransplant hospital stay (median, 11 versus 13 days; range, 8‐17 versus 7‐89 days; P = 0.23). Major complications (Dindo‐Clavien ≥ 3b) occurred in 1 patient in the NEVLP group (10%) compared with 7 (23%) patients in the CS group (P = 0.5). No graft loss or patient death was observed in either group. Liver preservation with normothermic ex vivo perfusion with the Metra device using Steen solution is safe and results in comparable outcomes to CS after LT. Using US Food and Drug Administration–approved Steen solution will avoid a potential regulatory barrier in North America. Liver Transplantation 22 1501–1508 2016 AASLD.
Securing MANET against Wormhole Attack using Neighbor Node Analysis

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) security is of major concern because of its inherent liabilities. The characteristics of MANETs like infrastructure less network with dynamic topology pose a number of challenges to security design. There is an increasing threat of attacks in MANET. Wormhole attack is one of the security attacks on mobile ad hoc networks in which a pair of colluding nodes make a tunnel using a high speed network. This paper focuses on providing a solution for secure transmission through the network and proposes a neighbor node analysis approach to identify wormhole attack and removes wormhole link in MANET. The proposed work is simulated using NS-2 and is analyzed using certain parameters such as throughput, loss rate, delay rate.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia

Purpose of reviewVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the main nosocomial infection in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Despite numerous advances in the understanding of this disorder, the incidence rate continues in an unacceptable range. In this review, we discuss some important findings of recently published studies on diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Recent findingsThe microbiological sampling of the lower airways may be performed by invasive or noninvasive methods. The use of blind techniques to sample the lower respiratory tree has gained wide acceptance within the critical care setting. The use of cytological parameters such as the percentage of infected cells (cells containing phagocytised bacteria) may add objectivity to the unspecific clinical suspicion of VAP. A lot of information on the subject of prevention of VAP has been published recently that evaluates several preventive measures including new antiseptic-coated endotracheal tubes, new cuff shape and meta-analysis of known techniques. However, the clinicians must choose a bundle of measures and implement them in their intensive care units. The effectiveness of the bundles must be documented. New studies emphasize the key role of an appropriate empirical treatment. The de-escalation strategy increases the reduction of antimicrobials without worsening the outcome of VAP patients. The efficacy of monotherapy in the treatment of this infectious disease has been evaluated in new studies with controversial results. The diagnostic approach and therapy of the VAP patients are clarified with these studies. SummaryIn the last year, numerous articles have been published on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of VAP. In this review, we have selected those articles that potentially could lead to changes in clinical practice: Use of noninvasive techniques for diagnosis, new methods and strategies for prevention, and, finally, the efficacy of monotherapy and de-escalation in the treatment of VAP.
Automatic generation of operation tables for fast exploration of bypasses in embedded processors

Customizing the bypasses in an embedded processor uncovers valuable trade-offs between the power, performance and the cost of the processor. Meaningful exploration of bypasses requires bypass-sensitive compiler. Operation tables (OTs) have been proposed to perform bypass-sensitive compilation. However, due to lack of automated methods to generate OTs, OTs are currently manually specified by the designer. Manual specification of OTs is not only an extremely time consuming task, but is also highly error-prone. In this paper, we present AutoOT, an algorithm to automatically generate OTs from a high-level processor description. Our experiments on the Intel XScale processor model running MiBench benchmarks demonstrate that AutoOT greatly reduces the time and effort of specification. Automatic generation of OTs makes it feasible to perform full bypass exploration on the Intel XScale and thus discover interesting alternate bypass configurations in a reasonable time. To further reduce the compile-time overhead of OT generation, we propose another novel algorithm, AutoOTDB. AutoOTDB is able to cut the compile-time overhead of OT generation by half
Recommendation on Design , Execution , and Reporting of Animal Atherosclerosis Studies

Abstract—Animal studies are a foundation for defining mechanisms of atherosclerosis and potential targets of drugs to prevent lesion development or reverse the disease. In the current literature, it is common to see contradictions of outcomes in animal studies from different research groups, leading to the paucity of extrapolations of experimental findings into understanding the human disease. The purpose of this statement is to provide guidelines for development and execution of experimental design and interpretation in animal studies. Recommendations include the following: (1) animal model selection, with commentary on the fidelity of mimicking facets of the human disease; (2) experimental design and its impact on the interpretation of data; and (3) standard methods to enhance accuracy of measurements and characterization of atherosclerotic lesions. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2017;37:e000–e000. DOI: 10.1161/ATV.0000000000000062.)
Real space observation of dynamic scaling in a critical polymer mixture.

We have studied the growth of the wetting layer formed at the surface of a critical mixture of poly(ethylene propylene) and perdeuterated poly(ethylene propylene) during spinodal decomposition. The wavelength of the surface spinodal wave is found to grow as t 1/3 over the entire range of times accessible in the experiment. The composition profiles exhibit universal scaling behavior in the near-surface region. These results are in excellent agreement with a recent numerical study on surface-directed spinodal decomposition
PROOF COVER SHEET

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Separate and combined influence of posture and sprint running on plasma volume changes

Abstract It is currently unknown whether any changes in plasma volume (PV) after sprint running are inherent to sprint running per se or are due to other confounding factors such as changes in posture. The purpose of the present study was to examine the independent effects of sprint running on PV changes. Eight females completed two trials on separate days: (1) a 30-s sprint on a non-motorised treadmill and (2) a control trial where no exercise was undertaken but blood samples were taken at identical time points as in the exercise trial. Changes in PV were calculated using haematocrit and haemoglobin. Post-sprint PV reductions were greater in the sprint than the control trial (mean: −17.7, SD=3.1% vs. mean: −7.5, s = 4.9, P<0.05, n=8). There were greater changes in PV in the sprint than the control trial in most sampling points. These data show that sprint running of only 30 s induces transient reductions in PV independently of posture change. The present findings suggest that PV changes due to sprint running should be routinely reported as well as the posture and the exact time in this posture.
Individual Preferences for Giving ∗

We utilize graphical representations of Dictator Games which generate rich individual-level data. Our baseline experiment employs budget sets over feasible payoff-pairs. We test these data for consistency with utility maximization, and we recover the underlying preferences ∗The results reported here were previously distributed in three different papers titled “Individual Preferences for Giving,” “Distinguishing Social Preferences from Preferences for Altruism” and “Pareto Damaging Behaviors. ” This research was supported by the Experimental Social Science Laboratory (X-Lab) at the University of California, Berkeley. We thank Jim Andreoni and Gary Charness for detailed comments and suggestions. We are grateful to Bruce Ackerman, Ian Ayres, Colin Camerer, Ken Chay, Stefano DellaVigna, Liran Einav, Douglas Gale, Steve Goldman, Alvin Klevorick, Botond Koszegi, John List, Tom Palfrey, Ben Polak, Jim Powell, Matthew Rabin, Al Roth, Ariel Rubinstein, Alan Schwartz, Andrew Schotter, Chris Shannon, Hal Varian, and Bill Zame for helpful discussions. This paper has also benefited from suggestions by the participants of seminars at Caltech, Institute for Advanced Studies, NYU, Yale SOM, UC Berkeley, UC San Diego, and the AEA 2006 annual meeting in Boston. Syngjoo Choi and Benjamin Schneer provided excellent research assistance. In addition, we would like to thank Brenda Naputi and Lawrence Sweet from the X-Lab for their valuable assistance, and Roi Zemmer for writing the experimental computer program. For financial support, Fisman thanks the Columbia University Graduate School of Business; Kariv acknowledges UC Berkeley COR grant; Markovits thanks Yale Law School and Deans Anthony Kronman and Harold Koh. Kariv is grateful to the hospitality of the Institute for Advances Studies School of Social Science. †Graduate School of Business, Columbia University, Uris 823, New York, NY 10027 (E-mail: rf250@columbia.edu, URL: http://www-1.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/rfisman/). ‡Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, 549 Evans Hall # 3880, Berkeley, CA 94720 (E-mail: kariv@berkeley.edu, URL: http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~kariv/). §Yale Law School, P.O. Box 208215, New Haven, CT 06520. (E-mail: daniel.markovits@yale.edu, URL: http://www.law.yale.edu/outside/html/faculty/ntuser93/profile.htm)
Silk apatite composites from electrospun fibers

Human bone is a three-dimensional composite structure consisting of inorganic apatite crystals and organic collagen fibers. An attractive strategy for fabricating mimics of these types of composite biomaterials is to selectively grow apatite on polymers with control of structure, mechanical properties, and function. In the present study, silk/apatite composites were prepared by growing apatite on functionalized nanodiameter silk fibroin fibers prepared by electrospinning. The functionalized fibers were spun from an aqueous solution of silk/polyethylene oxide (PEO) (78/22 wt/wt) containing poly(L-aspartate) (poly-Asp), which was introduced as an analogue of noncollageous proteins normally found in bone. Silk fibroin associated with the acidic poly-Asp and acted as template for mineralization. Apatite mineral growth occurred preferentially along the longitudinal direction of the fibers, a feature that was not present in the absence of the combination of components at appropriate concentrations. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction confirmed that the mineral deposits were apatite. The results suggest that this approach can be used to form structures with potential utility for bone-related biomaterials based on the ability to control the interface wherein nucleation and crystal growth occur on the silk fibroin. With this level of inorganic-organic control, coupled with the unique mechanical properties, slow rates of biodegradation, and polymorphic features of this type of proteins, new opportunities emerge for utility of biomaterials.
Fully-Coupled Numerical Analysis of High-Frequency Induction Heating for Thin-Wall Injection Molding

In recent years, rapid mold heating has served to enable the injection molding of thin-walled parts or micro/nano structures. Induction heating is an efficient way to heat metal parts by means of an electric current that flows through a conductive material by electromagnetic induction. The present study covers a numerical investigation of high-frequency induction heating of an injection mold in order to rapidly raise the mold temperature. To take into account the effects of thermal boundary conditions of induction heating, a fully coupled numerical analysis effectively connecting electromagnetic field calculation, heat transfer analysis, and injection molding simulation was carried out. The proposed integrated simulation was applied to the injection molding of a thin-wall part, and its results were compared with experimental findings in order to verify the validity of the proposed simulation.
Subdivided graphs have linear ramsey numbers

It is shown that the Ramsey number of any graph with n vertices in which no two vertices of degree at least 3 are adjacent is at most 12n. In particular, the above estimate holds for the Ramsey number of any n-vertex subdivision of an arbitrary graph, provided each edge of the original graph is subdivided at least once. This settles a problem of Burr and Erdos.
Production of Submicrometer Diameter Fibers by Two‐Fluid Electrospinning

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Atmospheric chemistry of nitrogenous aerosols in northeastern Asia: biological sources and secondary formation

Abstract. To better understand the sources of nitrogenous aerosols, particularly water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) and water-insoluble organic nitrogen (WION), in northeastern Asia, we measured total nitrogen (TN) and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) as well as nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) of TN (δ15NTN) and WSTN (δ15NWSTN) in the total suspended particulate (TSP) samples collected from Sapporo, northern Japan, for a 1-year period. In general, WION was more abundant (126 ± 117 ng m−3), whereas WSON was 89.7 ± 80.6 ng m−3, accounting for 14 ± 11 % and 9.2 ± 7.3 % of TN, respectively. WSON peaked in late autumn to winter (maximum 288 ng m−3) and WION peaked in mid-spring to early summer (454 ng m−3). δ15NTN (21.9 ± 4.1 ‰) and δ15NWSTN (25.8 ± 8.2 ‰) showed peaks in summer with relatively high ratios in late autumn. Based on the seasonal variations in WSON and WION together with organic tracers, fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning are found to be two major sources of WSON, whereas emissions of biological particles and secondary formation by reactions of biogenic secondary organic species (carbonyls) with NH3 are suggested as an important source of WION. The seasonality of δ15NTN and δ15NWSTN, together with the comparisons to literature values, implies that chemical aging (including gas–particle partitioning) and biomass burning are the causes of the enhanced values in summer and autumn, respectively. This study demonstrates that contributions of aerosol N from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning dominate in autumn and/or winter, whereas emission of terrestrial biological particles and secondary formation from biogenic hydrocarbons and subsequent chemical aging in the atmosphere are important in spring and/or summer in northeastern Asia.
An Entity-Centric Coreference Resolution System for Person Entities with Rich Linguistic Information

This paper presents a first version of LinkPeople, an entity-centric system for coreference resolution of person entities. The approach combines (i) a multi-pass architecture which takes advantage of entity features at document-level with (ii) a set of linguistically-motivated constraints and rules which allows the system to restrict the candidates of a given mention. The paper includes evaluations and error analysis of LinkPeople in 3 different languages, achieving promising results (more than 81% F1 in different metrics). Both the system and the corpora are freely distributed.
Improving the performance of SM-MIMO/BICM-ID systems with LLR distribution matching

In this paper, a distribution matching technique is proposed to process the extrinsic information produced by practical multiple-antenna detectors with iteratively demodulated, bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM-ID). It is shown that significant gains may be achieved by appropriately processing the extrinsic information generated by practical multiple-antenna detectors before feeding it to the channel decoder. The validity of the proposed matching technique is shown via simulation results applied to Turbo-coded BICM-ID systems using (QRD)-M and list sphere detectors.
Dynamic and static effects in wetting of capillaries and fibers

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv DEDICATION v LIST OF PUBLICATIONS vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ix LIST OF FIGURES xiv LIST OF TABLES xxiii 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Estimation of contact angles on fibers. 1 1.2 Studies of the external meniscus. 5 1.3 Uptake of liquids by capillaries. Factors affecting the wicking rate. 7 1.4 Conclusions 11 1.5 Motivation 12 1.6 References 13 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF WETTING AND CAPILLARITY AS RELATED TO FIBROUS MATERIALS 16 2.
Overhead and Performance Study of the General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) Protocol

The general Internet signaling transport (GIST) protocol is currently being developed as the base protocol component in the IETF Next Steps In Signaling (NSIS) protocol stack to support a variety of signaling applications. We present our study on the protocol overhead and performance aspects of GIST. We quantify network-layer protocol overhead and observe the effects of enhanced modularity and security in GIST. We developed a first open source GIST implementation at the University of Gottingen, and study its performance in a Linux testbed. A GIST node serving 45 000 signaling sessions is found to consume average only 1.1 ms for processing a signaling message and 2.4 KB of memory for managing a session. Individual routines in the GIST code are instrumented to obtain a detailed profile of their contributions to the overall system processing. Important factors in determining performance, such as the number of sessions, state management, refresh frequency, timer management and signaling message size are further discussed. We investigate several mechanisms to improve GIST performance so that it is comparable to an RSVP implementation.