Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do online media adhere to the responsible suicide reporting guidelines? A cross sectional study from India

Background: The content and nature of media reports could influence suicide prevention measures. Aim: To evaluate contemporary online media reports’ compliance with guidelines for responsible reporting of suicidal acts from Indian resources. Methods: We included English and Hindi articles for reports concerning suicide, published by local and national media sources for 30 consecutive days from the day of death of a celebrity by alleged suicide. The search was performed in Google News with predefined search queries and selection criteria. Two independent investigators did data extraction. Subsequently, each news report was assessed against guidelines for the responsible reporting of suicide by the WHO and the Press Council of India. Results: We identified 295 articles (Hindi n = 172, English n = 123). Results showed more than 80% of the media reports deviated from at least one criterion of the recommendations. A maximum breach was seen in the news article’s headlines, sensational reportage and detailed suicide methods description. Significant differences were seen in the quality of English and Hindi reporting and reporting celebrity and noncelebrity suicide. Additional items revealed were reporting suicide pacts, linking multiple suicides in a single news report, allowing user-generated threads and linking Religion and suicide. Conclusion: Measures are required to implement reporting recommendations in the framework of a national suicide prevention strategy.
Consonant cluster acquisition in Chilean children with typical and protracted phonological development

ABSTRACT The current study addresses the acquisition of tautosyllabic consonant clusters (CCs) in Chilean preschoolers with typical (TD) versus protracted phonological development (PPD). The objectives were to analyze accuracy of CCs and mismatch (error) patterns as a function of age (4/ 5 years) and TD/PPD group, examining effects of sonority, stress, place of articulation and development of /l/ and /ɾ/ as singletons. Participants included 20 Chilean Spanish-speaking children with TD and 20 with PPD (ages 4 and 5 years). The TD group showed higher accuracy and an age effect. For both developmental groups, timing unit match was higher than full segmental match. CCs with labial and voiceless C1s in stressed syllables were most accurate. In the PPD group, deletions predominated over substitutions, deletions of C1 were significantly higher and the typology of substitutions was more differentiated. Results are evaluated in light of previous research on Chilean preschoolers, and clinical implications are discussed.
Curcumin nanoparticles incorporated in PVA/collagen composite films promote wound healing

Abstract Skin repair remains a common problem in plastic surgery. Wound dressing plays an important role in promoting local skin healing and has been widely studied. This study aimed to manufacture a composite film (CPCF) containing curcumin nanoparticles, collagen, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to effectively promote the healing of skin wounds. Sustained drug release from the composite film provides long-term protection and treatment for skin wounds. Both antibacterial property and good histocompatibility of the CPCF were examined by analyzing antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity to validate its applicability for wound management. Moreover, in vivo studies proved that the CPCF had a rapid healing rate of 98.03%±0.79% and mature epithelialization on day 15 after surgery. Obvious hair follicles and earlier re-epithelialization was also noticed in the CPCF group using H&E staining. The result of Masson’s trichrome staining confirmed that CPCF could promote the formation of collagen fibers. In summary, CPCF may be promising as a wound dressing agent in wound management owing to its rapid wound-healing effects.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF A NEW FORMULA OF SPICE WATER EXTRACTS AGAINST FOODBORNE BACTERIA

The antimicrobial activity of water extracts of five spices against five common meat spoilage and pathogenic bacteria was screened in cultured media from fresh sirloin steak. The five spices are cinnamon, clove, star anise, picklyash peel and common fennel. Total coliforms were selected as indicators reflecting the freshness of sirloin steak. Based on the antimicrobial tests on water extract of individual plant, a new food preservative formula was designed as mixture of the five plant water extracts with chitosan, the optimized concentration of which was determined by experimental uniform design as 0.2 g/L (cinnamon), 3.0 g/L (clove), 0.7 g/L (picklyash peel), 2.2 g/L (star anise), 0.6 g/L (common fennel) and 1.9 g/L (chitosan). Examination showed that chilled steak samples treated with the new food preservative mixture remained fresh after 9 days of storage, which suggested the new naturally originated preservative being potential in practical application by food industries. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS This study has demonstrated that water extracts of some common food spices, such as clove, cinnamon, star anise, pericarpium zanthoxyli and common fennel, were capable of inhibiting food spoilage microorganisms. These spices are useful preservatives to inhibit microbe. In order to avoid toxicity and possible negative effects on the structure of meat and protein denaturation caused by essential oils and ethanol extracts, distilled water was used as the extraction agent in this study. In addition, a new naturally originated food preservative formula was designed as mixture of water extracts of the five plants with chitosan. The chilled steak samples treated by the new food preservative remained fresh after 9 days of storage. These spice extracts as well as the new food preservative can be widely used in the food industry and are generally regarded as safe. Thus, spice extracts and the new formulated food preservative in this study can be used as natural and niche preservatives for the food industry.
Screening of Methylation Gene Sites as Prognostic Signature in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Purpose Most lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients are diagnosed at the advanced stage and have poor prognosis. DNA methylation plays an important role in the prognosis prediction of cancers. The objective of this study was to identify new DNA methylation sites as biomarkers for LUAD prognosis. Materials and Methods We downloaded DNA methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas data portal. Cox proportional hazard regression model and random survival forest algorithm were applied to identify the DNA-methylation sites. Methylation of sites were validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus cohorts. Function annotation were done to explore the biological function of DNA methylated sites signature. Results Six DNA methylation sites were identified as prognosis signature. The signature yielded acceptable discrimination between the high-risk group and low-risk group. The discrimination effect of this DNA methylation signature for the OS was obvious, with a median OS of 21.89 months vs. 17.74 months for high-risk vs. low-risk groups. This prognostic prediction model was validated by the test group and GEO dataset. The predictive survival value was higher for the prognostic prediction model than that for the tumor node metastasis stage. Adjuvant hemotherapy could not affect the prediction of the signature. Functional analysis indicated that these signature genes were involved in protein binding and cytoplasm. Conclusion We identified the prognostic signature for LUAD by combining six DNA methylation sites. This could service as potential robust and specificity signature in the prognosis prediction of LUAD.
Different response of embryos originating from control and obese mice to insulin in vitro

The aim of the present work was to investigate the impact of maternal obesity on DNA methylation in ovulated oocytes, and to compare the response of in vitro-developing preimplantation embryos originating from control and obese mice to insulin. An intergenerational, diet-induced obesity model was used to produce outbred mice with an increased body weight and body fat. Two-cell and eight-cell embryos recovered from obese and control mice were cultured in a medium supplemented with 1 or 10 ng/ml insulin until blastocyst formation. In the derived blastocysts, cell proliferation, differentiation, and death rates were determined. The results of immunochemical visualization of 5-methylcytosine indicated a slightly higher DNA methylation in ovulated metaphase II oocytes recovered from obese females; however, the difference between groups did not reach statistical significance. Expanded blastocysts developed from embryos provided by control dams showed increased mean cell numbers (two and eight-cell embryos exposed to 10 ng/ml), an increased inner-cell-mass/trophectoderm ratio (two-cell embryos exposed to 1 ng/ml and eight-cell embryos exposed to 10 ng/ml), and a reduced level of apoptosis (two and eight-cell embryos exposed to 10 ng/ml). In contrast, embryos originating from obese mice were significantly less sensitive to insulin; indeed, no difference was recorded in any tested variable between the embryos exposed to insulin and those cultured in insulin-free medium. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed a significant increase in the amount of insulin receptor transcripts in blastocysts recovered from obese dams. These results suggest that maternal obesity might modulate the mitogenic and antiapoptotic responses of preimplantation embryos to insulin.
Transglutaminase 2 Inhibitor LDN 27219 Age-Dependently Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Resistance Arteries

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is an enzyme which in the open conformation exerts transamidase activity, leading to protein cross-linking and fibrosis. In the closed conformation, TG2 participates in transmembrane signaling as a G protein. The unspecific transglutaminase inhibitor cystamine causes vasorelaxation in rat resistance arteries. However, the role of TG2 conformation in vascular function is unknown. We investigated the vascular effects of selective TG2 inhibitors by myography in isolated rat mesenteric and human subcutaneous resistance arteries, patch-clamp studies on vascular smooth muscle cells, and blood pressure measurements in rats and mice. LDN 27219 promoted the closed TG2 conformation and inhibited transamidase activity in mesenteric arteries. In contrast to TG2 inhibitors promoting the open conformation (Z-DON, VA5), LDN 27219 concentration-dependently relaxed rat and resistance human arteries by a mechanism dependent on nitric oxide, large-conductance calcium-activated and voltage-gated potassium channels 7, lowering blood pressure. LDN 27219 also potentiated acetylcholine-induced relaxation by opening potassium channels in the smooth muscle; these effects were abolished by membrane-permeable TG2 inhibitors promoting the open conformation. In isolated arteries from 35- to 40-week-old rats, transamidase activity was increased, and LDN 27219 improved acetylcholine-induced relaxation more than in younger rats. Infusion of LDN 27219 decreased blood pressure more effectively in 35- to 40-week than 12- to 14-week-old anesthetized rats. In summary, pharmacological modulation of TG2 to the closed conformation age-dependently lowers blood pressure and, by opening potassium channels, potentiates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Our findings suggest that promoting the closed conformation of TG2 is a potential strategy to treat age-related vascular dysfunction and lowers blood pressure.
Application of enrichment factor (EF) to the interpretation of results from the biomonitoring studies

This paper discusses the relations between the concentrations of microand macroelements accumulated in the lichen Hypogymnia physodes, the moss Pleurozium schreberi and soil humus. The concentrations of the elements were measured using the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). In addition, the activity of Cs in the samples was measured using the gamma spectrometry. For many metals Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Sb, I, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Tb, Tm, Yb, Ta, Th and U the linear relations were observed between the metal concentration and the concentration of scandium in each matrix (lichens, mosses and soil). These linear relations and the analysis of the Cs activity in the samples indicated that the assessing of the origins of pollutants based on the enrichment factors (EF) is highly uncertain when the factors are smaller than 10.
Self-reported sleep bruxism among Finnish symphony orchestra musicians: Associations with perceived sleep-related problems and psychological stress

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether self-reported sleep bruxism among musicians is associated with sleep-related problems and/or psychological stress. Methods Eight hundred-thirty-one Finnish orchestra musicians completed a questionnaire that covered, among others, indicators of sleep-related problems, possible sleep bruxism, and stress. Results In total, 488 questionnaires were completed. The single variable ordinal logistic regression models revealed at least moderate associations between frequency of sleep bruxism and female gender, shorter sleep duration, longer sleep latency, problems in sleeping during concert season, feeling more often tired during the daytime, restless legs, a poor self-rated sleep quality, and more stress experience. The variables that remained in the final model were sleep duration, gender, and stress. Conclusion Musicians who sleep 7 hours or less per night report more sleep bruxism, as compared to those who sleep 8 hours or more. Female gender and high-stress experience were associated with more sleep bruxism.
Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein accelerates the injury of endothelial cells via circ‐USP36/miR‐98‐5p/VCAM1 axis

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of RNAs featured by a covalently closed continuous loop structure. This study aimed to uncover the function and mechanism of circ‐ubiquitin specific peptidase 36 (USP36) in endothelial cells treated with oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL). The levels of circ‐USP36, microRNA‐98‐5p (miR‐98‐5p) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) were examined by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The viability, apoptosis and inflammation were detected by (4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Western blot assay was performed to detect the expression of apoptosis and proliferation‐related markers and VCAM1 protein level. The targets of circ‐USP36 and miR‐98‐5p were searched using starBase website, and dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were applied to validate the above predictions. Ox‐LDL exposure induced the upregulation of circ‐USP36 in HUVEC cells. Circ‐USP36 accelerated ox‐LDL‐induced apoptosis, inflammatory and viability inhibition of HUVEC cells. MiR‐98‐5p was a direct downstream gene of circ‐USP36. Circ‐USP36 promoted the injury of ox‐LDL‐induced HUVEC cells through targeting miR‐98‐5p. VCAM1 could bind to miR‐98‐5p, and the protective effects of miR‐98‐5p accumulation on ox‐LDL‐induced HUVEC cells were reversed by the transfection of VCAM1. VCAM1 was regulated by circ‐USP36/miR‐98‐5p signaling in HUVEC cells. Ox‐LDL promoted the apoptosis and inflammation but suppressed the viability of HUVEC cells through upregulating circ‐USP36, thus elevating the expression of VCAM1 via miR‐98‐5p.
Management of perioperative acute coronary syndromes by mechanism: a practical approach

Perioperative myocardial ischemic injuries including acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are themost common cause of mortality after noncardiac surgery. In this review, we will first discuss the nomenclature on the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to myocardial ischemia in the perioperative patient before discussing the management of perioperative ischemic myocardial injury.
Satellite glia as a critical component of diabetic neuropathy: Role of lipocalin‐2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase‐2 axis in the dorsal root ganglion

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of uncontrolled diabetes. The pathogenesis of DPN is associated with chronic inflammation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG), eventually causing structural and functional changes. Studies on DPN have primarily focused on neuronal component, and there is limited knowledge about the role of satellite glial cells (SGCs), although they completely enclose neuronal soma in DRG. Lipocalin‐2 (LCN2) is a pro‐inflammatory acute‐phase protein found in high levels in diverse neuroinflammatory and metabolic disorders. In diabetic DRG, the expression of LCN2 was increased exclusively in the SGCs. This upregulation of LCN2 in SGCs correlated with increased inflammatory responses in DRG and sciatic nerve. Furthermore, diabetes‐induced inflammation and morphological changes in DRG, as well as sciatic nerve, were attenuated in Lcn2 knockout (KO) mice. Lcn2 gene ablation also ameliorated neuropathy phenotype as determined by nerve conduction velocity and intraepidermal nerve fiber density. Mechanistically, studies using specific gene KO mice, adenovirus‐mediated gene overexpression strategy, and primary cultures of DRG SGCs and neurons have demonstrated that LCN2 enhances the expression of mitochondrial gate‐keeping regulator pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase‐2 (PDK2) through PPARβ/δ, thereby inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and increasing production of glycolytic end product lactic acid in DRG SGCs and neurons of diabetic mice. Collectively, our findings reveal a crucial role of glial LCN2‐PPARβ/δ‐PDK2‐lactic acid axis in progression of DPN. Our results establish a link between pro‐inflammatory LCN2 and glycolytic PDK2 in DRG SGCs and neurons and propose a novel glia‐based mechanism and drug target for therapy of DPN.
Personality impairment in the DSM-5 and ICD-11: Current standing and limitations.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review provides an examination of the levels of personality functioning outlined by the International Classification of Diseases-11 and the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Across self-report measures, high convergence is observed, and they evince relatively robust relations with general and pathological traits as well as other clinical symptoms. At the same time, current measures of impairment also demonstrate unstable factor structures, poor discriminant validity (when measures offer subscales aligned with different forms of personality impairment), and tend to account for relatively little unique variance beyond traits. As a result, some have questioned the utility of personality impairment, as currently measured. SUMMARY The dimensional models of personality psychopathology included in the International Classification of Diseases-11 and 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders signify important steps toward an empirically supported and clinically useful diagnostic model; however, self-report measures of impairment are problematic. The authors conclude by calling for the refinement of these measures to more directly assess deficits in various domains of functioning as well as the dimensional models, by assessing traits first, and then examining the nature of the associated personality impairment.
Combined use of QRISK3 and SCORE as predictors of carotid plaques in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE Because carotid plaques predict the development of cardiovascular events in RA, we aimed to assess if the combined use of the systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) and the QRISK3 algorithms allows for the identification of RA patients with carotid plaques in a defined population-based RA inception cohort. METHODS A set of consecutive RA patients without a history of diabetes, chronic kidney disease or cardiovascular events were studied by carotid US between 2012 and 2019. Modified SCORE (mSCORE) for RA based on the 2015/2016 updated EULAR recommendations and QRISK3 algorithms were retrospectively tested using baseline data obtained at the time of the carotid US assessment. RESULTS A total of 466 (54%) of 865 patients had carotid plaques. Using dichotomized QRISK3 and EULAR mSCORE, 73.2% (95% CI: 68.4.8, 77.6) of patients with QRISK ≥ 10% and EULAR mSCORE < 5% had plaque. In this group, the diagnostic odds ratio was 5.79 (95% CI: 4.14, 8.10). However, if both algorithms were above their thresholds of high cardiovascular risk (QRISK ≥ 10% and EULAR mSCORE ≥ 5%), the sensitivity increased up to 83.3% (95% CI: 72.1, 91.4) and the diagnostic odds ratio up to 10.6 (95% CI: 5.13, 22.0). When the risk charts scales were used as continuous variables, both QRISK3 and EULAR mSCORE were found positively associated with plaque. For each 1% QRISK3 or EULAR mSCORE increase, the probability of having plaques multiplied by 1.14 and 1.22, respectively. However, the effects of both algorithms did not multiply by each other. CONCLUSIONS . The combined use of QRISK3 and EULAR mSCORE allows for the identification of most RA patients at high risk of carotid plaques.
Corneal endothelial damage in phacoemulsification using an anterior chamber maintainer compared with using an ophthalmic viscosurgical device

This study showed that phacoemulsification using an anterior chamber maintainer was associated with greater corneal endothelial cell loss compared with conventional phacoemulsification using an OVD. Purpose: To compare the effects of phacoemulsification surgery (PE) using an anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) and conventional PE using an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) on corneal endothelial cells. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. Design: Prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods: Eyes in the OVD group (n = 50) underwent conventional PE, whereas eyes in the ACM group (n = 50) underwent PE using an ACM. Endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), hexagonality (HEX), and noncontact central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were performed by specular microscopy before and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after PE. Results: This study included 100 eyes of 97 patients undergoing PE. The mean age was 64.7 ± 10.6 years in the OVD group, 64.0 ± 12.6 years in the ACM group (P > .05). The groups did not differ significantly in preoperative ECD, CV, HEX, and CCT or total PE time (P > .05 for all). ECD was significantly lower in the ACM group compared with the OVD group at postoperative 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months (P = .002, P = .002, and P = .001, respectively). Similarly, ECD loss compared with preoperative value was greater in the ACM group at all postoperative timepoints (P = .003, P = .001, and P = .001, respectively). CV increased and HEX decreased in both groups postoperatively (P > .05 for both). CCT showed a transient increase of less than 10 μm at postoperative 1 month in both groups (P = .296). Conclusions: PE with ACM was associated with greater corneal ECD loss compared with conventional PE. ACM should not be used during PE in patients with limited corneal endothelial reserve.
Tolerance of three fungal species to lithium and cobalt: Implications for bioleaching of spent rechargeable Li‐ion batteries

This paper aims to quantify the growth and organic acid production of Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium simplicissimum when these fungi are exposed to varying levels of lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co). The study also tests whether pre‐exposing the fungi to these metals enables the fungi to develop tolerance to Li or Co.