Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction between lactose levels and antimicrobial growth promoters on growth performance of weanling pigs

Abstract: In experiment 1, 224 pigs (initially 8.85kg and 28 ± 2daysofage)wereusedina2 × 2 factorialarrangement of treatments to investigate the interaction between lactofeed (LF70) (860gkg − 1 wheypermeate, 140gkg − 1 soya bean meal) level (175gkg − 1 and 350gkg − 1 ) and avilamycin (0 and 40mgkg − 1 )inclusion in piglet starter diets. Pigs were fed starter diets from day 0 to day 22 and a transition diet wasfed from day 23 to day 39. The inclusion level of LF70 in the transition diet was 75gkg − 1 and 150gkg − 1 . Pigs fed 350gkg − 1 LF70 had a higher daily gain (ADG) ( p < 0 . 01) and an improved feed conversion ratio(FCR) ( p < 0 . 05) during the starter period than the pigs fed 175gkg − 1 LF70. Pigs fed medicated diets had ahigherADG( p < 0 . 05)andanimprovedFCR( p < 0 . 05)thanthenon-medicatedfedpigsduringthestarterperiod. There was an increase in feed intake (AFI) ( p < 0 . 05) during the transition period with increasinglevels of LF70. There was an improvement in FCR during the transition period with the inclusion ofavilamycin (
Effect of nutrient level on phytoplankton population in zero water exchange shrimp culture farms

Soil and water characteristics and their influence on phytoplankton abundance, at different stocking densities under zero water exchange were studied in two successive crops of tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon at Mahabalipuram, Kanchipuram District in Tamil Nadu, India during 2007 and 2008. The shrimp ponds were categorised under two groups viz . low stocking density (8 no. m-2) and high stocking density (16 no. m-2). In pond water, physico-chemical properties and total nutrient content did not vary significantly between the stocking densities, whereas nitrate and phosphate significantly differed. All available and total nutrients viz . , nitrogen, phosphorus and silicate increased significantly in pond water with days of culture. Water quality had an influence on the abundance of phytoplankton and it varied widely and significantly during culture period as well as with different stocking densities. Phytoplankton density had a positive correlation with nitrate (r=0.87), phosphate (r=0.79), silicate (r=0.97) and chlorophyll a content (r=0.98).
Isolation and characterization of formaldehyde-responsive genes from golden pothos (Epipremnum aureum)

Plants absorb and metabolize formaldehyde, a C-1 compound that is one of the main indoor air pollutants. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of formaldehyde metabolism in plants, we isolated formaldehyde-responsive genes from golden pothos by means of GeneFishing PCR. We focused on the immediate-early response genes following formaldehyde treatment. Two full length cDNA sequences corresponding to a putative class II chitinase and a hypothetical novel protein, which we termed DEG2, were generated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The chitinase, which we designated EaCHI1, was up-regulated in the leaves and stems, whereas DEG2 was up-regulated in the leaves and roots of formaldehyde-treated golden pothos. Phylogenetic analysis showed that putative class II chitinases were split into two groups, monocot and dicot. EaCHI1 belonged to the former group, occupying the most basal level among the monocot chitinases analyzed. The identification of chitinase as a formaldehyde-responsive gene suggests a novel physiological role for this enzyme in plant carbon metabolism and environmental responses. The DEG2 sequence was not similar to any known protein sequence.
Dependência e resposta de mudas de cedro a fungos micorrízicos arbusculares

The objectives of this work were to evaluate cedar (Cedrela fissilis Vell.) seedlings responsiveness to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species and to determine mycorrhizal dependency degree of this seedling. The experiment was carried out at greenhouse, in a complete randomized block design as a factorial set 5 (P doses) x 5 (4 AMF species + noninoculated treatment) with six replications. Glomus clarum was the most efficient AMF species in promoting the growth and P nutrition of cedar seedlings, especially when the inoculation was done in substratum containing P available levels close to 12 mg dm-3. The saving of applied P was approximately 63%, regarding noninoculated treatment when 80% of the maximum growth was estimated. The elevated degree of mycorrhizal dependency of cedar seedlings was verified, so AMF inoculation is a procedure that should be considered in nursery stage, in order to guarantee cedar seedlings successful establishment and growth on field conditions.
Fate and effects of Ekofisk crude oil in the littoral of a Norwegian fjord

Abstract Field experimental studies of the effects of Ekofisk crude oil on the intertidal rocky-shore and rock-pool faunas were carried out in a fjord in western Norway. Chemical analyses indicate a rapid loss of oil from these habitats due largely to physical removal by tidal and wave action. Amphipods and other mobile crustaceans showed avoidance responses to the presence of the oil, although such behavioral responses were often insufficient to prevent significant mortality. Among the sessile fauna, significant mortalities of spat of Balanus balanoides were observed due to experimental oilings, although adult Balanus were affected only at an extremely high level of oil application.
Genetic variability and correlation analysis in guava

Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of 13 fruit characters in 15 guava genotypes were studied. Significant differences were observed for almost all the traits under study viz., fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, acidity and ascorbic acid with high value of GCV, PCV, h2 and GA which, makes them prime traits for direct selection. TSS, total sugars, reducing and non-reducing sugars with high values of h2 and nearly moderate values of GA are other important characters which have to be considered for selection. The fruit yield/tree was positively and significantly correlated with fruit weight and fruit length.
IN VITRO REGENERATION OF MONOEMRBYONIC MANGO CULTIVARS

Different explants of mango cultivars were explored for in vitro plantlet regeneration on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Gamborg (B5) medium. Only zygotic embryos of Chaunsa cultivar initiated callus formation and successful plant regeneration with highest percentage on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1mgL-1. Calli were also observed from zygotic embryos of cv. Anwar Rataul but could not regenerate into plantlets. Nucellus and shoot tip explants of both cultivars showed no callus induction because of excessive phenolic exudation from explant in the medium. The plantlets generated through embryo culture were transplanted to green house after acclimatization. Further studies are suggested, however, to optimize somatic embryogenesis from nucellar explants of mango for clonal propagation and biotechnology applications.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS PARE (Momordica Charantia L.) DAN JUS JERUK NIPIS (Citrus Aurantifolia) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY HIPERKOLSTEROLEMIA

Latar Belakang : Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor utama dan faktor risiko independen penyakit kardiovaskuler. Penurunan kolesterol total merupakan salah satu strategi dalam terapi penyakit kardiovaskuler. Buah pare dan jeruk nipis memilki potensi menurunkan kolesterol total. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jus pare, jus jeruk nipis dan kombinasi kedua buah dalam menurunkan kolesterol total. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan true experimental dengan rancangan pre-post test randomized control group design. Sampel terdiri dari 28 tikus jantan Sprague Dawley hiperkolesterolemia yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Intervensi dilakukan selama 14 hari dengan kelompok kontrol hanya diberi pakan standar, perlakuan 1 (P1) diberi jus pare 2 ml/ekor/hari, perlakuan 2 (P2) diberi jus jeruk nipis 2 ml/ekor/hari dan perlakuan 3 (P3) diberi kombinasi jus pare dan jus jeruk nipis sebanyak 4 ml/ekor/hari. Kadar kolsterol total dianalisis dengan metode CHOD-PAP. Data dianalisis dengan uji Paired t-test dan one way Anova. Hasil : Penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kolesterol total setelah pemberian jus pare (22,51%), jus jeruk nipis (28,93%) dan kombinasi jus pare+jeruk nipis (24,04%) (p 0,05) Simpulan : Tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh pemberian pare, jus jeruk nipis dan kombinasi jus pare+jeruk nipis terhadap penurunan kolesterol total tikus hiperkolesterolemia.
Taxonomy and Distribution of Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) in the Guianas, South America

Strong, Mark T. Taxonomy and distribution of Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) in the Guianas, South America. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, volume 53, 225 pages (including 88 figures). Seventy-seven species and three infraspecific taxa in 19 sections of Rhynchospora Vahl nom. conserv. (Cyperaceae) are found to occur in the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana), South America. A new section, Stipitatae M. T. Strong is described. Two synonyms of accepted taxa are lectotypified: Rhynchospora filiformis var. latifolia Uittien and Rhynchospora graminea Uittien. The species were taxonomically evaluated and circumscribed based on laboratory studies of micromorphological achene characters utilizing SEM, morphological herbarium studies of dried specimen collections, information on relationships between species from other studies published in the literature, habitat characterization, and distribution patterns. The infrageneric classification of Rhynchospora is discussed and morphological characteristics of the genus and recent cytological advances are reviewed. A taxonomic treatment is provided that includes a key to species, full detailed descriptions, distribution maps, SEM photomicrographs of all 80 taxa including images of the whole achene (fruit) and detail of the pericarp, line drawings for selected species, and notes on habitat, distribution, nomenclature, and distinguishing features.
Frugivoria de morcegos (Mammalia, Chiroptera) em Cecropia pachystachya (Urticaceae) e seus efeitos na germinação das sementes

AbSTrACT Frugivorous bats are fundamental components in the maintenance and regeneration of tropical forests since they promote the mobility of the fruit seeds. There are controversies about the effects of the seed passage through the bat gut in the germination tax and speed. The goal of this work was to investigate the diet of frugivorous bat species at Estacao Experimental de Itirapina to find out which species significantly use the fruits of the pioneer plants species Cecropia pachystachya. It was tested the importance of bats on the spread and germination of seeds from this plant species. For that, the bats were captured in the period from August 2005 to July 2006, their feces were collected and the seeds of C. pachystachya separated. The germination tests were made for two bat species, Artibeus liuratus and Platyrrhinus lineatus, and were compared with seeds collected directly from the plant (control). Five repetitions were made with 30 seeds in each gerbox for each test. The tests were conducted in “Mangelsdorf” germinators chambers, with temperature of 25°C, luminosity and constant humidity for 40 days. There was a high germination percentage of the seeds found in
Efficiency evaluation of key ports along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road based on the DEA–SCOR model

ABSTRACT The twenty-first Century Maritime Silk Road is the economic trade corridor that uses seaways to connect dozens of countries in Asia, Africa, and Europe as an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Ports are important links, and the efficiency of port operations can influence the cooperation effect of the Road. This study analyzes relative operation efficiency of a series of key ports along the twenty-first Century Maritime Silk Road (ports of Qingdao, Ningbo Zhoushan, Shanghai Yangshan, Shenzhen, Rotterdam, Singapore, Piraeus, Hamburg and Colombo) on the basis of data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. Results show that Qingdao Port is substantially efficient and the ports of Ningbo Zhoushan and Shanghai Yangshan develop rapidly. The DEA–supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model is used as basis to analyze the port operating efficiency of ship inward–outward and stacking yard with Qingdao Port as the benchmark. Results indicate that ports with low relative efficiency suffer from input redundancy and inefficiency output, especially Rotterdam Port. This study could inform plannings and operations of seaports under the strategic background of BRI.
EAT IN OR TAKE AWAY - SEED PREDATION AND REMOVAL BY RATS (MURIDAE) DURING A FRUITING EVENT IN A DIPTEROCARP RAINFOREST

Seed predators are considered important in the evolution of mast fruiting. Mast events in turn provide an abundant food resource for consumers, but only for a limited period of time. In this study seed removal experiments, feeding trials and small mammal trapping were used to determine the potential of forest rats (Muridae) as predators and dispersers of two tree species, Lithocarpus gracilis (Fagaceae) and Parashorea malaanonan (Dipterocarpaceae) during a minor fruiting event in a dipterocarp rainforest at Danum Valley (Sabah, Malaysia) in Sept/Oct 2004. Seeds of both species were exploited by rodents at similar frequencies. Nearly all seeds exploited were removed from the feeding stations. Seeds placed near burrows of Maxomys rajah were moved into the burrows. Gnawed seeds collected in fruit fall traps (8% of total collected) indicated that Parashorea seeds were also exploited in the canopy. Partially eaten seeds often retained their ability to germinate. Captive rats ate a range of dipterocarp and other hard-shelled seed and feeding on an individual seed could take up to 27 minutes. Trap success for rats, but not tree shrews (Tupaiidae) and civets (Viverridae), decreased during the fruiting season. This supports the idea that this group benefits from mast fruiting. Rats are evidently important predators of the seeds of these tree species, both before and after dispersal. However, due to the removal of seeds before eating, long consumption times and the ability of partially consumed seeds to germinate, they may also function as secondary dispersal agents.
Growth and phosphate uptake kinetics of the cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanophyceae) in throughflow cultures

Summary 1 Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii occupies a rapidly expanding geographical area. Its invasive success challenges eutrophication control in many lakes. To understand better the load-dependent behaviour of this nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium under in situ conditions, we studied P-dependent growth of a C. raciborskii strain under continuous and pulsed P supply. 2 The Droop model reasonably described P-dependent growth in the continuously supplied chemostats. Large P pulses, however, caused a delay in growth and cells subject to P pulses grew slower than their counterparts with the same P quota supplied continuously. 3 The kinetics of P uptake indicated that C. raciborskii is opportunistic with respect to P. Its high excess P storage capacity after a saturating P pulse (Qex=95 µg P [mg C]-1) and P-specific uptake capacity (Umax = Vmax/QP=150–1200) are indicative of storage adaptation. At the same time, the affinity of the P uptake system (Umax/K = 800–4000) is also high. 4 Rate of leakage exceeded that of the steady state net P uptake by one to two orders of magnitude. Growth affinity of C. raciborskii (µmax/Kµ≈ 20) was relatively low, presumably due to the substantial leakage. 5 The dynamics of the particular water body determine which trait contributes most to competitive success of C. raciborskii. In deep lakes with vertical nutrient gradients, the cyanobacterium may rely primarily on its high P storage capacity, which is coupled to a lack of short-term feedback inhibition and efficient buoyancy regulation. In lakes without such gradients, high P uptake affinity may be vitally important.
Development and testing of an ultra-low-opening trawl to improve utilization of quota of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the groundfish fishery of New England

4 F/V Lisa Ann Fisheries LLC 140 Willow Road East Kingston, New Hampshire 03827 Abstract—A team of researchers, fishermen, and a netmaker in New England developed an ultralowopening trawl (ULOT) with a goal to reduce catches of overfished Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) without loss of catches of other commercially important flatfish species. Use of the ULOT reduced catch rates of Atlantic cod by a mean of 48.0 kg/h (46.8%) compared with the use of a standard bottom trawl. It also reduced catch rates of American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) by a mean of 9.5 kg/h (14.3%) but not catch rates of 3 other commercial species and 1 taxonomic group that also dominated catch. Lengthbased reductions in catch rates were observed, primarily for undersized American plaice (<30.5 cm in total length [TL]), midrange yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) (36–38 cm TL), and large witch flounder (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) (>40 cm TL). Mean ULOT headrope height was 0.73 m, and 9.1% of fuel was saved. Economic evaluation indicated that the ULOT can increase profitability and fishing time by 53.7% and 88.1%, respectively, confirming that it is a viable option for fishermen to avoid Atlantic cod while accessing quota of more abundant groundfish species.
Extended‐Release Oral Milrinone for the Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Background Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasingly prevalent form of heart failure, representing half of the total burden of heart failure. We hypothesised that modulation of the phosphodiesterase type 3/cyclic AMP using a novel oral formulation of milrinone might exert favorable effects HFpEF via pulmonary and systemic vasodilation and enhancement of ventricular relaxation. We assessed the safety and efficacy of oral milrinone on quality of life and functional outcomes in patients with HFpEF. Methods and Results The MilHFPEF (Extended Release Oral Milrinone for the Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction) study was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled pilot study in 23 patients with symptomatic HFpEF. Efficacy end points included changes from baseline in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire summary score and 6‐minute walk distance. The primary safety end point was the development of clinically significant arrhythmia. The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score improved significantly in milrinone‐treated patients compared with placebo (+10±13 versus −3±15; P=0.046). Six‐minute walk distance also tended to improve in the treatment group compared with placebo (+22 [−8 to 49] versus −47 [−97 to 12]; P=0.092). Heart rate (−1±5 versus −2±9 bpm; P=0.9) and systolic blood pressure (−3±18 versus +1±12 mm Hg; P=0.57) were unchanged. Early filling velocity/early mitral annular velocity (−0.3±3.0 versus −1.9±4.8; P=0.38) was unchanged. One patient in the placebo arm was hospitalized for heart failure. Holter monitoring did not demonstrate evidence of a proarrhythmic effect of milrinone. Conclusions In this novel pilot study, extended release oral milrinone was well tolerated and associated with improved quality of life in patients with HFpEF. Further longer‐term studies are warranted to establish the role of this therapeutic approach in HFpEF. Registration URL: https://www.anzctr. org.au/; Unique identifier: ACTRN12616000619448.
Occupational Exposure to Solar UV Radiation in a Group of Dock-workers in North-East Italy

Occupational solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is a relevant heath risk in dock workers, potentially exposed to both direct and reflected radiation, but apparently was scantly studied up now and few studies on measurements of solar UVR levels are currently available for these workers. Our aim was to provide an evaluation of UVR exposure in 10 longshoremen and 4 port traffic coordinators/goods acceptors of a dock in North-East Italy. During a Summer day, workers' exposure was measured with personal UV dosimeters, and the environmental UV effective radiant exposure with a spectroradiometer. Personal solar UV dose ranged between 257–1975 J/m2 in longshoremen, and between 44–139 J/m2 for port traffic coordinators/goods acceptors. The percentage of personal compared to ambient exposure resulted between 16 and 59% for longshoremen, while were much lower, between 2 and 7%, in port traffic coordinators/goods acceptors. Eye exposure was also estimated using an ocular UV dosimeter placed on a stem of the sunglasses in a subject spending the day close to the longshoremen, resulting in a non-weighted solar UV-A ocular dose between 133.9 and 401.8 J/m2. Our results show an occupational solar UVR exposure of uncovered skin exceeding the suggested occupational limit of 1—1.3 standard erythemal dose per day, in all longshoremen. In one case this value was exceeded also in one of the port traffic coordinators /good acceptors, despite the overall lower UVR doses received. In conclusion, our UV measurement campaign in a group of Italian dock-workers support the existence of a significantly high occupational UVR risk at least for longshoremen, possibly inducing long-term UV-related adverse skin effects. Accordingly, an effort for the development of adequate interventions to protect these workers from solar UV risk is highly recommended in Italy.
Differences of Plasma Levels of Tryptophan, Serotonin, 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid, and Kynurenine between Healthy People and Patients of Major Monopolar Depression at Various Age and Gender

Background: It is not well analyzed whether there are differences in plasma levels of tryptophan (TRP) metabolites between healthy control people (HC) and patients of major monopolar depression (MMD). Methods: Ultra high-speed liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has been used for the simultaneous determination of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites in depressive patients. Results: There are no significant differences between plasma levels of TRP between HC and MMD. Plasma levels of TRP of HC are higher in young men, young women, old men, and old women in this order. Serotonin (5-HT) levels are higher in MMD than HC. Plasma levels of 5-HIAA of HC are also higher than those of patients of MMD. Plasma levels of kynurenine (KYN) of healthy old men and old women are higher than those of young men and old women. Plasma levels of KYN are higher in old women and young men of MMD than those of HC. Conclusion: Plasma levels of 5-HT are higher in patients of MMD than those of HC, which may suggest that use of drugs inhibiting the 5-HT transportation may increase plasma levels of 5-HT in MMD.