Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial Orientation of Agricultural Undergraduates: An Assessment of Selected Universities in Nigeria

Agriculture has the enormous potential to serve as a source of livelihood opportunities and generate sustainable income. However, there is not enough proof to establish whether entrepreneurship training in agriculture is being adequately pursued in the Nigerian Universities. Therefore, the study examined entrepreneurial orientation of agricultural undergraduates in selected public and private universities. University of Ibadan (UI) and Landmark University (LU) were purposively selected the former, being the model public University for Agriculture, and the latter, the only agriculture-oriented private University. A total of 105 and 70 students were surveyed, respectively. Data were analysed using percentages, mean, and t-test. The mean age of the respondents in LU and UI was 19 and 23 years, respectively. The overall exposure to facilities was significantly higher in LU (194.51±66.57) than UI (162.73±60.92). Agricultural programs were also perceived to be significantly more adequate in LU (21.60±8.80) compared to UI (17.92±9.25). Components of entrepreneurial orientation like innovativeness (LU = 19.27±3.54 and UI = 15.78±4.51) and overall entrepreneurial orientation (LU = 92.24±13.26 and UI = 84.04±16.02) were significantly higher in LU than in UI, respectively. The study concludes that students of Landmark University are better oriented towards agricultural entrepreneurship than their counterparts in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The study recommends an establishment by the country’s regulatory institutions, of standard requirement for agricultural training facilities in both public and private agricultural institutions, and used as criterion for accreditation of agricultural programmes.
How General is the Strength-Weight Bias in Probability Updating?

Experimental research by Griffin and Tversky (1992) has identified a strength-weight bias in probability updating: when assessing sets of binary signals, individuals excessively focus on the strength or extremeness of the given evidence while insufficiently accounting for the weight or reliability of the information. We challenge the generality of this prominent experimental finding and argue that the simple two-state setting explored by Griffin and Tversky (1992) is an extreme and peculiar case with respect to the normative importance of information weight and strength. We explore the range of reasonable information settings and demonstrate that information weight (strength) is much less (more) relevant in other environments. The findings of Griffin and Tversky (1992) could thus be driven by a general strength-weight bias, but also by an insensitivity to the specific information environment. To explore these competing hypotheses, we conduct a balls-and-urns experiment in which we systematically vary the information environment. We find that there is no consistent strength-weight bias but rather insensitivity to the specific information environment. Given that many real world information environments do not resemble the simplified two-state setting considered by Griffin and Tversky (1992), our results caution against an indiscriminate transfer of their findings to a broad set of real world applications.
Mechanically frequency reconfigurable antenna for WSN, WLAN, and LTE 2500 based internet of things applications

In this paper, the concept of a novel mechanically reconfigurable antenna with spectral diversity, for internet of things (IoT) applications is presented. The prototype consists of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna placed upon a dielectric slab with four end‐to‐end cavities that are perceived as binary bits. The status of each bit depends on the material filling it. Since four cavities are included in proposed system, a total of 16 combinations, each yielding unique impedance characteristic, are exhibited. Here, FR4 epoxy (εr = 4.4 and tanδ = 0.02) is used as substrate with 2.4 mm thickness. The same material is used to fill the cavities in one case, while, in the second case the cavities are filled with Rogers RT/duroid 6010/6010LM (tm) material that has dielectric constant, 10.2. It is shown that by using a higher dielectric constant material as filler, the range of variation of resonant frequency can be increased. In both cases, the prototype exhibits capability to reconfigure its operating bandwidth from 2.4GHz WLAN (2400‐2480 MHz) to LTE2500 (2496‐2690 MHz). Besides, for some combinations, the prototype covers a frequency span beyond LTE till 3000 MHz for wireless‐sensor‐network based applications. One among the potential application of the proposed design as a chipless RFID tag is also discussed in this work.
The Model to finance the Cyber Security of the Port Information System

The article presents a model for the module of the computer system for supporting solutions in the process of analysis and selection of rational financing strategies in the means of cyber security of the port information system. The model is based on the tools of the theory of multi-step games. In the course of the study, a solution was obtained enabling the person making the decision to adequately assess the financial risks associated with the loss of financial resources, if the strategy was chosen erroneously. A theoretical solution of a bilinear multistep game of quality with several terminal surfaces is performed. The results of experiments performed in the course of checking the adequacy of the model and its operability are exemplified by the example of choosing a rational financing strategy in the means of cyber protection of the port information system in the seaport of Aktau (Kazakhstan). It is established that the proposed solution for the system of supporting decisions in the field of financing of cyber security means of port information infrastructures allows removing uncertainty when accounting for the financial components of cyber defense strategies at any ratio of parameters describing the financing process.
Communicative Compentences in EFL Learning

Abstract: In terms of communication, it requires a number of competences that develop the cognitive as well as metacognitive skills. This deals with the communicative competences which lead to the effectiveness of not only having communication but also acquiring the knowedge inside it. Thus, this study is concerned with how the communicative competences (Celce Murcia, 2007) influence the students’ cognitive and metacognitive skills in terms of learning English. The findings reveal that they way they communicate should reflect the socio-cultural norms of the target language (English) and they also have different background in terms of learning English as well as knowledge in understanding how to communicate using English politely. In addition, the students closely engage with how to construct the written or spoken text. In this case, they need to have the relevant schemata in terms of selecting, sequencing, and also arranging the words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and also utterances in order to create unified information to convey in the context of communication. In brief, communicative competences reflect a number of cources in order to educate learners to be leading and professional. Keywords: communicative competences, EFL Learning
Gait Phase Classification Based on sEMG Signals Using Long Short-Term Memory for Lower Limb Exoskeleton Robot

In this work, we present a Long Short-Term Memory Model (LSTMM) for gait phase classification based on sEMG signals to control the lower limb exoskeleton robot which can recognize 2 phases (Stand and Swing) of leg phases between the foot and ground. This model only needs four sEMG signals to control the lower limb exoskeleton robot helping the hemiplegia patient walking. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed model not only avoids the complex sensor systems but also enhances the accuracy of gait phase classification. The experimental results first verify the availability of sEMG data acquisition system on the lower limb exoskeleton robot made by the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technologies (SIAT) by quantify the system with gold standard optoelectronic system Vicon, then show that the proposed LSTMM is significantly higher on prediction accuracy and has better robustness for gait phase classification to control the lower limb exoskeleton robot with different speeds. Finally, the maximum accuracy of LSTMM on the gait phase classification is 97.89%.
13 Reasons Why, Perceived Norms, and Reports of Mental Health-Related Behavior Change among Adolescent and Young Adult Viewers in Four Global Regions

Media programing addressing controversial topics among youth has grown; however, research has yet to consider the correlates of viewing on a global scale. Using the theory of normative social behavior (TNSB), this study examined perceived norms about mental illness among a sample of 3,520 adolescent and young adult viewers and nonviewers of 13 Reasons Why in Australia/New Zealand, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Brazil. We assessed the influence of viewer age and culture on the association between descriptive and injunctive mental illness norms and reports of prosocial mental health-related behaviors (e.g., talking about suicide with others). Results indicated a positive association between the number of episodes viewed and perceived norms, and among viewers, descriptive and injunctive norms related to reports of mental health-related behavior change in all regions, although the process differed based on age and culture. We conclude with implications for the predictions of the TNSB.
On Happiness in Teaching: An Ordered Logit Modeling Approach

This study was conducted to explain the degree of happiness in teaching and determine its influencing socio-economic factors. Using a probabilistic sampling method, the study employed 127 junior and senior high school teachers as respondents. Primary data were collected through developed questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive measures and ordered logit modeling. Results showed that this study documented a statistically significant determinant of the feeling of happiness in teaching, namely: other sources of income, creative and enjoyable teaching experience, school compound, social relationship, and health condition. Having other sources of income has an inverse effect on the happiness of teachers, this might be due to additional responsibilities while serving the students. The study showed that teachers are more likely happy if they found their job as creative and enjoyable which positively influences their well-being and professional growth. There is also a higher chance of being happy if the school environment is conducive for learning and provides comfort to teachers. Furthermore, being socially oriented and the healthy teacher are productive and efficient in work which is more likely to be happy.
What’s love got to do with it? “Love” and alcohol use among U.S. Indigenous peoples: Aligning research with real-world experiences

ABSTRACT This research examines how Indigenous families report experiences of love (a component of family resilience) and its association with the urgent health disparity of alcohol abuse. This exploratory mixed-methods study first identified emergent results from qualitative data (n = 436), which were then explored with follow-up quantitative data (n = 127) from a sample of Indigenous families in two Southeastern tribes. Love was a highly salient qualitative theme and component of family resilience. Quantitative results revealed cross-generational changes in family resilience, which were negatively associated with alcohol use. Current families may be transcending the effects of historical oppression by expressing love and family resilience.
Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex

Phlyctinus callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (Curculionidae, Entiminae, Oosomini) is a species native to the Western Cape province of the Republic of South Africa. It is regarded as a key pest of orchards and vineyards. Detailed observations of its morphology and ecology have shown this species to be a complex of closely related species. In this study we describe the species of this complex, provide morphological and molecular diagnostic tools to distinguish between species, and review their distribution and host plant associations. In all, six species are recognized in the P. callosus complex and five are described as new (P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov., P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov.). Sequences of the mitochondrial gene used (cytochrome oxidase I, COI) indicated that P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. might comprise several cryptic species for which stable morphological features could not be identified at this stage. The species of the genus Phlyctinus appear to be primarily associated with various Asteraceae found in humid, sandy and disturbed habitats.
Public Pension Expenditure in the New EU Member States: A Panel Data Approach

Sustainability and stability of public pension systems based on the pay-as-you-go social security scheme have been challenged by the aging societies of industrial economies. This paper concentrates on pension systems of eleven post-socialist economies referred to as the New Member States of the European Union that share a similar history of adaptations to a market economy and establishment of multi-pillar pension systems. Due to similar demographic and economic challenges, their pension systems are facing, and the corresponding pension reforms aimed at enhancing their pension systems ́ sustainability, we empirically test for the convergence of public pension expenditure to GDP among these economies in the period between 1995 and 2017. At the same time, the impact of various macroeconomic, demographic, and institutional variables on public pension expenditure to GDP is empirically estimated. The results provide evidence of convergence in terms of public pension expenditure to GDP among the New Member States of the European Union, while also revealing the fiscal burden that population aging represents for the analyzed pension systems.
Numerical simulation of droplet impact on vibrating low-adhesion surfaces

The impact of droplets on low-adhesion solid surfaces vibrating in the vertical direction was numerically investigated. An axisymmetric multiphase lattice Boltzmann model capable of handling high density and viscosity ratios was implemented to simulate the impact. The effects of vibration parameters on the spreading, contact time, and droplet rebound velocity were addressed. According to the results, the phase angle of the surface vibration is the most dominant factor in determining the dynamics of the droplet upon impact. The contact time generally increases when the surface is vibrated. However, for a certain range of phase angles, the contact time can decrease, as compared to the stationary surface. The rebound velocity also shows a strong dependence on the vibration frequency and phase angle. For droplets with higher impact velocities, the surface vibration becomes a less important factor, whereas on surfaces with lower contact angles, the impact dynamics are much more heavily affected by the surface vibration. The rebound velocity is also heavily affected by surface vibration and varies depending on the frequency and phase angle. This study offers insights into the physics of droplet impact upon vibrating surfaces, which can be utilized to improve surface wettability control in applications where vibration is present.
Heterogeneity in the conceptions of intelligence of university teaching staff

Using Cultural Psychology as a framework, this research project aims to measure and analyze the heterogeneity of university teachers’ conceptions of intelligence. To this end, we have developed a new method of analysis: Heterogeneity by Contradiction Analysis (HCA). We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 university teachers, presenting them with a series of short cases or vignettes depicting different facets of intelligence. Based on the discourse elicited, we first created a category system. Then, we pre-defined a series of possible contradictions among pairs of categories. Using these pre-defined contradictions, a systematic sampling of theoretical contradictions could be obtained from the discourse. Finally, a researcher reviewed these sampled contradictions in order to find and code real contradictions, which were later analyzed. 85% of all participants presented at least some heterogeneity in their discourse by expressing an idea and its opposite in different parts of the interview. The content of the discourse and its context are analyzed in the expression of heterogeneity, which yields future implications for research, intervention, and teacher training.
Are leases substitutes or complements to debt? Insights from an analysis of debt covenants

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between off-balance-sheet (OBS) operating leases and long-term debt by analyzing firms’ debt risk profiles measured by the constraints on firms in the financial ratios in their debt covenants. ,This study determines debt risk profiles using three measures: the ex ante probability of covenant violation (Demerjian and Owens, 2016), firms in violation of debt covenants and firms close to covenant violations. ,High-risk firms according to all three measures, on average, have a significantly lower level of operating leases, indicating that these firms use OBS leases as a substitute for long-term debt. Interestingly, for firms operating in industries in which leases are widely available, firms with a high probability of covenant violation have a significantly higher level of operating leases, indicating that these firms use OBS leases as a complement to long-term debt. Further analysis indicates that lease financing is less costly than debt financing for these firms. ,Overall, evidence of this study indicates that firms facing financial constraints may attempt to lease more of their assets, but the availability of leasing is constrained by their debt covenant obligations and the strength of the leasing market in its industry. ,This study identifies states in which risky firms may treat leases as either complements or substitutes for long-term debt, implying that the leasing decision relates to the availability of an active leasing market for a firm’s assets and the firm’s financial constraints. The findings of this study support recent research showing that debt and leases are complementary in the presence of counterparty risk providing insight into the paradoxical relationship identified in prior research between leases and long-term debt.
Finite element analysis of parabolic integro‐differential equations of Kirchhoff type

The aim of this paper is to study parabolic integro‐differential equations of Kirchhoff type. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution for this problem via Galerkin method. Semidiscrete formulation for this problem is presented using conforming finite element method. As a consequence of the Ritz–Volterra projection, we derive error estimates for both semidiscrete solution and its time derivative. To find the numerical solution of this class of equations, we develop two different types of numerical schemes, which are based on backward Euler–Galerkin method and Crank–Nicolson–Galerkin method. A priori bounds and convergence estimates in spatial as well as temporal direction of the proposed schemes are established. Finally, we conclude this work by implementing some numerical experiments to confirm our theoretical results.
Histone deacetylase activity is required for Botrylloides leachii whole body regeneration

The colonial tunicate Botrylloides leachii is exceptional at regenerating from a piece of vascular tunic after loss of all adults from the colony. Previous transcriptome analyses indicate a brief period of healing before regeneration of a new adult (zooid) in as little as 8–10 days. However, there is little understanding of how the resulting changes to gene expression, required to drive regeneration, are initiated and how the overall process is regulated. Rapid changes to gene expression often occur in response to chromatin changes, mediated by histone modifications such as histone acetylation. Here, we investigated a group of key epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (HDAC) that are known to play an important role in many biological processes such as development, healing and regeneration. Through our transcriptome data, we identified and quantified the expression levels of HDAC and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) enzymes during whole body regeneration (WBR). To determine if HDAC activity is required for WBR, we inhibited its action using valproic acid (VPA) and Trichostatin A (TSA). HDAC inhibition prevented the final morphological changes normally associated with WBR and resulted in aberrant gene expression. B. leachii genes including Slit2, TGF-□, Piwi and Fzd4 all showed altered gene expression upon HDAC inhibition in comparison to the control samples. Additionally, atypical expression of Bl_Piwi was found in immunocytes upon HDAC inhibition. Together, these results show that HDAC function, specifically HDAC I/IIa class enzymes, are vital for B. leachii to undergo WBR successfully.
Structural, electronic and mechanical properties of CrN: A first principles study

The structural stability, electronic, and mechanical properties of chromium nitride (CrN) have been investigated by first-principles calculations within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Six different crystal structures of CrN are considered, namely NaCl, CsCl, zinc blende, WC, wurtzite and NiAs. Among the considered structures, NiAs-type structure is energetically more stable than others. The electronic band structure and density of states calculations reveal that these materials exhibit metallic nature. The calculated elastic constants indicate these compounds are mechanically stable in all the considered sturctures. In addition, the related mechanical properties such as bulk modulus, Young's modulus, shear modulus and the Poisson's ratio are also computed.