Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Readiness to Practice Disaster Preparedness among University Health Students: Insights from Resource-Poor Setting

University health students as future healthcare personnel need to be prepared to play a vital role in disaster management. Therefore, knowledge, skills, and training in emergencies and disasters are imperative for effective responses. However, their knowledge, attitude, and readiness to practice levels of disaster medicine are not well studied in Yemen. This study aimed to evaluate the current knowledge, attitude, and readiness to practice (KArP) regarding disaster medicine management and preparedness among Yemeni health students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among health students at Aden University. A validated structured questionnaire on the KArP level of disaster medicine was used in the survey. In addition to descriptive statistics, parametric tests (independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis) or nonparametric tests were used when appropriate. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Two hundred fifty health students participated in this study. The levels of knowledge, attitude, and readiness to practice were moderate. Knowledge and attitude levels are significantly correlated and predict readiness to practice. The levels of knowledge, positive attitude, and readiness to practice among the healthcare students regarding disaster management and preparedness were moderate, i.e., far from highly satisfactory. Novelty/Improvement: This study provides insight into the importance of including disaster management education and training in university curricula.
Kendala Pembelajaran Daring Selama Masa Pandemi di Kalangan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika: Kajian Kualiatatif Deskriptif

Penyebaran virus Covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia mengubah berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, salah satunya adalah perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Pembelajaran yang awalnya bertumpu pada kuliah tatap muka beralih ke pembelajaran secara daring. Dalam proses pembelajaran daring yang berlangsung tersebut, muncul kendala-kendala yang dihadapi baik oleh pengajar/dosen maupun kendala yang dihadapi mahasiswa. Pada tulisan ini, akan dibahas beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa selama proses pembelajaran daring di salah satu perguruan tinggi swasta di Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara wawancara terstruktur menggunakan media online, dengan responden sebanya 6 orang yang mewakili beberapa Angkatan mahasiswa. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kendala-kendala yang dihadapi mahasiswa masih bersifat mendasar/fundamental.
Rheological multi-scale evaluation of RAP and RAS binders mobilisation in hot mix asphalt

The use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS) in asphalt mixes is a constructive solution allowing economic, environmental and technical benefits. The objective here is evaluating the binder mobilisation rate of recycled materials by predicting the viscoelastic (LVE) behaviour of the asphalts from the LVE of their theoretical binder. The multi-scale approach adopted here goes from the binder scale to the mix scale. At the binder scale, after the extraction/recovery of RAP and RAS binders, several bitumen blends were produced and characterised by conventional and rheological tests. At the asphalt scale, the LVE behaviour of several mixes containing RAP and RAS was characterised using complex modulus test. Then, Shift-Homothety-Shift-time-Shift-transformation (SHStS) was applied allowing verifying the correspondence degree between the experimental behaviour and the predicted one. The results confirm that the totality of the RAP binder was mobilised and up to 50% in the case of RAS.
Differences between Four Skinfold Calipers in the Assessment of Adipose Tissue in Young Adult Healthy Population

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of four different skinfold calipers, as well as to establish the differences between them in a healthy young adult population. Methods: The present study followed a cross-sectional design, including 138 participants, with 69 males (21.46 ± 2.52 years) and 69 females (22.19 ± 2.85 years). The measurement protocol included basic measurements of body mass and stretch stature and eight skinfolds with a Harpenden, Holtain, Slim Guide, and Lipowise. The ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds and fat mass were calculated. The order in which the skinfold calipers were used was randomized. Results: No significant differences were found in either the Σ6 and Σ8 skinfolds or masses and fat percentages calculated with the skinfolds obtained with the different calipers (p > 0.05), and the inclusion of the covariates of sex, BMI, and hydration status of the participants showed no effect on the differences. The Bland–Altman test showed significant differences between the calipers (p < 0.001). Conclusion: It has been observed that the analyzed calipers have shown validity for the assessment of adiposity-related variables in a male and female sample of non-overweight, young healthy adults, but they are not interchangeable with each other when the assessment is meant to be compared over time or with other samples.
Medication Adherence and Perceived Social Support of Hypertensive Patients in China: A Community-Based Survey Study

Purpose Previous studies suggested perceived social support has impact on medication adherence among hypertensive patients, but did not simultaneously elucidate the different contents or key providers of social support that patients perceived. This study was to identify the contents and providers of perceived social support beneficial for improving medication adherence among hypertensive patients in China, which could prove important for targeted interventions. Patients and Methods Following a multi-stage stratified sampling framework, a total of 903 hypertensive patients from 12 primary health institutions across a middle-income city were recruited from April to June 2021. Medication adherence was measured using the Chinese version of the Morisky, Green and Levine scale; perceived social support was determined using the name generator method. A binary logistic regression model was performed to identify the association between medication adherence and perceived social support. The contents of support included informational, emotional, and instrumental support (finances and caregiving). The support providers included spouse/partner, children, parents, siblings, other relatives, and friends. Results A total of 506 (56.04%) patients optimally adhered to their antihypertensive medication. Female, older, urban patients, patients with shorter duration of hypertension and antihypertensive medications used showed better adherence (P<0.05). Optimal medication adherence was positively associated with the overall score of caregiving support (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.128; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.013–1.257]), informational support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.574; 95% CI = [1.112–2.227]), emotional support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.430; 95% CI = [1.032–1.981]), financial support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.439; 95% CI = [1.069–1.937]) and caregiving support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.652; 95% CI = [1.130–2.414]), whereas optimal medication adherence was negatively associated with caregiving support from friends (AOR = 0.499; 95% CI = [0.286–0.872]). Conclusion Informational, emotional, financial and caregiving support from spouses/partners have positive impacts on optimal medication adherence of hypertensive patients of community-level. Community-based interventions designed to improve medication adherence of hypertensive patients should target both patients and their spouses/partners; spouses/partners could be encouraged to provide various support to improve the medication adherence of hypertensive patients.
Spectral Signatures of Hydrogen Thioperoxide (HOSH) and Hydrogen Persulfide (HSSH): Possible Molecular Sulfur Sinks in the Dense ISM

For decades, sulfur has remained underdetected in molecular form within the dense interstellar medium (ISM), and somewhere a molecular sulfur sink exists where it may be hiding. With the discovery of hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) in the ISM in 2011, a natural starting point may be found in sulfur-bearing analogs that are chemically similar to HOOH: hydrogen thioperoxide (HOSH) and hydrogen persulfide (HSSH). The present theoretical study couples the accuracy in the anharmonic fundamental vibrational frequencies from the explicitly correlated coupled cluster theory with the accurate rotational constants provided by canonical high-level coupled cluster theory to produce rovibrational spectra for use in the potential observation of HOSH and HSSH. The ν6 mode for HSSH at 886.1 cm−1 is within 0.2 cm−1 of the gas-phase experiment, and the B0 rotational constant for HSSH of 6979.5 MHz is within 9.0 MHz of the experimental benchmarks, implying that the unknown spectral features (such as the first overtones and combination bands) provided herein are similarly accurate. Notably, a previous experimentally-attributed 2ν1 mode, at 7041.8 cm−1, has been reassigned to the ν1+ν5 combination band based on the present work’s ν1+ν5 value at 7034.3 cm−1. The most intense vibrational transitions for each molecule are the torsions, with HOSH having a more intense transition of 72 km/mol compared to HSSH’s intensity of 14 km/mol. Furthermore, HOSH has a larger net dipole moment of 1.60 D compared to HSSH’s 1.15 D. While HOSH may be the more likely candidate of the two for possible astronomical observation via vibrational spectroscopy due to the notable difference in their intensities, both HSSH and HOSH have large enough net dipole moments to be detectable by rotational spectroscopy to discover the role these molecules may have as possible molecular sulfur sinks in the dense ISM.
Improving the Understanding of Atmospheric River Water Vapor Transport Using a Three‐Dimensional Straightened Composite Analysis

Irregular shapes of atmospheric rivers (ARs) hamper easy AR composite analyses and understandings of AR's moisture transport mechanisms. We develop a method to composite AR‐related variables from a reanalysis data set. By averaging a large number of samples, the three‐dimensional structure and some evolutionary features of a typical North Pacific AR are revealed. An AR is typically located along and in advance of the surface cold front of an extratropical cyclone. A mesoscale secondary circulation is observed in the cross sections of the AR corridor, where both geostrophic and ageostrophic winds make indispensable contributions to the moisture fluxes. Geostrophic moisture advection across the cold front within the Equatorward half of the AR is created by baroclinicity of the system and serves as the primary moisture source for the AR. Moisture fluxes from the warm sector of the cyclone are primarily due to boundary layer ageostrophic winds and are more important within the poleward half of the AR, particularly during the genesis stage. Faster AR movement compared with low‐level winds enables the AR to collect downwind moisture. In an AR‐relative view, this is represented as an easterly flow, consistent with the “feeder‐airstream” concept, and emphasizes the role of local moisture recycling. Moisture transport within the Equatorward half is mostly due to geostrophic advection of the propagating AR‐cyclone couple in an Earth‐relative view. Driven by intensifying geostrophic winds, ARs tend to reach peak moisture transport intensity about 2 days after genesis. Then, reduced moisture level and influxes from lateral boundaries prevent further intensification.
More ideational than material: Exploring the contemporary role of student voices in Chilean universities

A key promise of neoliberalist ideologies in higher education is the valorization of student choice as a means of (re)shaping practices and improving the responsiveness of institutions. The power of this neoliberal imaginary (Ball, 2012) was grounded in market-like policies that demanded institutional accountability to both afford competition and maximizing prospects of student satisfaction. A key consequence of this imperative has been burgeoning institutional and system-level investment in metric-based instruments designed to measure and compare student experiences, engagement or satisfaction. However, how effective of these neoliberal policies been in empowering student choice and in producing more reflexive institutions? The research reported here investigated the influence of student voices in one of the earliest adopters of this neoliberal imaginary: the Chilean higher education system. This qualitative study explored the contemporary institutional role and function of student voices using a university typology, with data developed through artefact analyses and interviews with educational leaders. The findings suggest that institutions have heterogeneous orientations ranging from pseudo-democratic to instrumental forms of engagement, reflecting the distinctive sociocultural histories of institutions. However, the outcomes suggest that student voices are not a substantial presence in quality assurance or improvement practices.
Explanatory factors of collective competencies in fashion design teams

This article aims to identify the explanatory factors of collective competencies in fashiondesign teams using a survey of 22 fashion designers from Santa Catarina. Exploratory factordata analysis and analysis of variance techniques were applied. The results showed fourexplanatory factors: collective spirit, interaction, cooperation, and relationship. Our findingsmade evident how relevant these factors are in the composition and formation of groups,manifesting themselves as descriptive and essential attributes for collective competencies.The synergistic combination of the factors allows the teams to develop shared actions infavor of work organization based on interactions and visions, which, although distinct, canbe shared.
Zinc-Containing Sol–Gel Glass Nanoparticles to Deliver Therapeutic Ions

Zn-containing dense monodispersed bioactive glass nanoparticles (Zn-BAGNPs) have been developed to deliver therapeutic inorganic trace elements, including Si, Ca, Sr, and Zn, to the cells through the degradation process, as delivery carriers for stimulating bone regeneration because of their capacity to induce osteogenic differentiation. The sol–gel-derived dense silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) were first synthesized using the modified Stöber method, prior to incorporating therapeutic cations through the heat treatment process. The successfully synthesized monodispersed Zn-BAGNPs (diameter of 130 ± 20 nm) were homogeneous in size with spherical morphology. Ca, Sr and Zn were incorporated through the two-step post-functionalization process, with the nominal ZnO ratio between 0 and 2 (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0). Zn-BAGNPs have the capacity for continuous degradation and simultaneous ion release in SBF and PBS solutions due to their amorphous structure. Zn-BAGNPs have no in vitro cytotoxicity on the murine pre-osteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), up to a concentration of 250 µg/mL. Zn-BAGNPs also stimulated osteogenic differentiation on PDLSCs treated with particles, after 2 and 3 weeks in culture. Zn-BAGNPs were not toxic to the cells and have the potential to stimulate osteogenic differentiation on PDLSCs. Therefore, Zn-BAGNPs are potential vehicles for therapeutic cation delivery for applications in bone and dental regenerations.
Role of Brain Modulators in Neurodevelopment: Focus on Autism Spectrum Disorder and Associated Comorbidities

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and associated neurodevelopmental disorders share similar pathogenesis and clinical features. Pathophysiological changes in these diseases are rooted in early neuronal stem cells in the uterus. Several genetic and environmental factors potentially perturb neurogenesis and synaptogenesis processes causing incomplete or altered maturation of the brain that precedes the symptomology later in life. In this review, the impact of several endogenous neuromodulators and pharmacological agents on the foetus during pregnancy, manifested on numerous aspects of neurodevelopment is discussed. Within this context, some possible insults that may alter these modulators and therefore alter their role in neurodevelopment are high-lighted. Sometimes, a particular insult could influence several neuromodulator systems as is supported by recent research in the field of ASD and associated disorders. Dopaminergic hy-pothesis prevailed on the table for discussion of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCH), atten-tion-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ASD for a long time. However, recent cumulative evidence suggests otherwise. Indeed, the neuromodulators that are dysregulated in ASD and comorbid disorders are as diverse as the causes and symptoms of this disease. Additionally, these neuromodulators have roles in brain development, further complicating their involvement in comorbidity. This review will survey the current understanding of the neuromodulating systems to serve the pharmacological field during pregnancy and to minimize drug-related insults in pa-tients with ASD and associated comorbidity disorders, e.g., SCH or ADHD.
Does Computer-Mediated Communication Competence Enrich Social Capital? The Mediating Role of Social Networks Sites

Abstract Social capital enriches social relationships and helps individuals accomplish goals that may not be achievable without it. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools have emerged as channels for the development of social capital. Social networks sites (SNSs) are the most crucial of these tools because SNSs users account for half of the world’s population. Numerous studies have explored the factors influencing SNSs use; however, few studies have investigated competence in CMC, a major determinant of SNSs use. Moreover, the relationship between SNSs use and competence in CMC has not been identified, nor has in their effect on social capital. This study bridges this gap by proposing a novel model to determine this relationship, with SNSs as a mediator. The findings can be used as a reference for using competence in CMC to increase the social capital of individuals, thereby offering a competitive advantage to companies on the market.
Reducing BRDF Effects on the Estimation of Leaf Biochemical Parameters Using the Nonpolarized Reflectance Factor in the Hemispheric Space

Leaf bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is partly controlled by the specular reflection from the leaf surface, which does not convey information about leaf biochemical parameters. Therefore, vegetation remote sensing can benefit from understanding the effects of BRDF on leaf biochemical parameters estimation and attempting to reduce them. In this study, polarimetric measurements, which simultaneously derive intensity and polarization information, were taken on the leaves of four plant species in the hemispheric space. The results showed that there are distinct BRDF effects on leaf biochemical parameters [leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) and equivalent water thickness (EWT)] estimated using spectral indices based on the intensity [ $I$ parameter reflectance factor (IpRF)] reflected from leaves. The relationships between four types of spectral indices (single reciprocal, difference between two wavelengths or two reciprocal, simple ratio, and normalized difference indices) and leaf biochemical parameters were found to be weak and dependent on the BRDF of leaves, especially in the forward scattering directions, which are dominated by the specular reflection. After separating the bidirectional polarized reflectance factor (BPRF) from the reflectance intensity (IpRF), the nonpolarized reflectance factor ( $R_{\mathrm {n-p}}$ ) significantly reduces the BRDF effects on biochemical parameters estimation near the specular reflection directions, and a relatively improved estimation is found in either individual viewing directions or over all viewing directions. This study demonstrates that polarimetric measurements are able to reduce BRDF effects on leaf biochemical parameters estimation and therefore are useful to improve the leaf biochemical parameters estimation using spectral indices in the hemispheric space.
A Novel Approach of Determining the Risks for the Development of Hyperinsulinemia in the Children and Adolescent Population Using Radial Basis Function and Support Vector Machine Learning Algorithm

Hyperinsulinemia is a condition with extremely high levels of insulin in the blood. Various factors can lead to hyperinsulinemia in children and adolescents. Puberty is a period of significant change in children and adolescents. They do not have to have explicit symptoms for prediabetes, and certain health indicators may indicate a risk of developing this problem. The scientific study is designed as a cross-sectional study. In total, 674 children and adolescents of school age from 12 to 17 years old participated in the research. They received a recommendation from a pediatrician to do an OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance test) with insulinemia at a regular systematic examination. In addition to factor analysis, the study of the influence of individual factors was tested using RBF (Radial Basis Function) and SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithm. The obtained results indicated statistically significant differences in the values of the monitored variables between the experimental and control groups. The obtained results showed that the number of adolescents at risk is increasing, and, in the presented research, it was 17.4%. Factor analysis and verification of the SVM algorithm changed the percentage of each risk factor. In addition, unlike previous research, three groups of children and adolescents at low, medium, and high risk were identified. The degree of risk can be of great diagnostic value for adopting corrective measures to prevent this problem and developing potential complications, primarily type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and other mass non-communicable diseases. The SVM algorithm is expected to determine the most accurate and reliable influence of risk factors. Using factor analysis and verification using the SVM algorithm, they significantly indicate an accurate, precise, and timely identification of children and adolescents at risk of hyperinsulinemia, which is of great importance for improving their health potential, and the health of society as a whole.