Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The significance of seismicity after The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake sequence

We applied the double-difference method (hypoDD; Waldhauser and Ellsworth, 2000) using cross-correlation of waveform data as well as the ordinal differential picking time data for the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake sequence including the largest earthquake with magnitude (M) of 7.3 occurred on April 16, 2016 following the second largest earthquake with M6.5 on April 14, 2016. A total 5,272 events are consisted of three different subgroups; 1) events (M > 0 ) between the M6.5 event and the M7.3 event, 2) events (M > 0) after the M7.3 event to April 19, 3) otherwise event (M > 3) from April 19 to April 27, 2016. Waveforms obtained by the multi-institute networks such as NIED Hi-net, JMA, Kyushu university, and Kagoshima university are adopted for preparing both cross-correlation of their waveform data and ordinal differential picking time data for differential travel times used by hypoDD. Therefore, the final relocated earthquake distribution made sharper lines and confined clusters. Particularly for this study area, the final hypocenter distributions are easily traceable following the known active fault traces such as the Hinagu fault range and its surroundings while the Futagawa fault range shows more complicated shapes than the Hinagu fault. Particularly, along the vertical planes or planes with high angle dips become apparent shape of seismicity during this earthquake sequence. Orientations of these planes agree the strike direction of the focal mechanisms estimated by the first motion phase arrivals, which routinely or manually determined by the NIED Hi-net.
Emotions, Relationships and Behaviour: a Qualitative Study on Experiences of Stigma among Persons Affected by Leprosy in Northern Nigeria

Purpose: Leprosy is a highly stigmatised disease with far-reaching psychosocial and economic consequences. This study explored the social consequences of leprosy and the factors that drive stigma among persons affected by leprosy in northern Nigeria. Method: The study used a cross-sectional design with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 persons affected by leprosy. Data were collected from September to November 2020. ILEP’s four stigma domains (emotions, thoughts, behaviour and relationships) were used to develop the interview guide and to analyse the data. The framework approach to thematic analysis was performed. Results : The study identified: (1) negative societal attitudes and behaviour towards persons affected by leprosy, (2) restrictions in social participation among affected persons, such as in communal eating, job opportunities and education, (3) negative impact of leprosy on marital life and marriage prospects, also experienced by family members, and (4) negative emotions such as sadness and despair. Some of the problems seemed to be caused by negative perceptions and a lack of knowledge of leprosy. The main coping strategies included adjustments in behaviour (e.g., marrying other persons affected by leprosy and communal
Severity of COVID-19 and survival in patients with rheumatic and inflammatory diseases: data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort of 694 patients

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Severity of COVID-19 and survival in patients with rheumatic and inflammatory diseases: data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort of 694 patients Aeschlimann Florence, Ait-Abdallah Nassim, Albert Jean-David, Alcais Didier, Allanore Yannick, Amador-Borreiro Blanca, Amoura Zahir, Andre Emma, Arlet Jean-Benoît, Arnaud Laurent, et al.
Impact of Sowing Dates on the Yield and Quality of Sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) cv. California-KWS

: The rapid changes in the global climate have endangered many countries including Pakistan. In this context, sowing dates play an imperative role in yield enhancement. Keeping in view the role and importance of sowing dates, five dates of sowing on 1 st October, 11 th October, 21 st October, 1 st November and 11 th November were evaluated for sugar beet cv. California-KWS at the experimental research area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan during 2013-14, and 2014-15. The study was carried out in RCBD and replicated thrice. Data on the following parameters i.e. days to germination, germination percentage, plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant -1 , leaf and root weights plant -1 , total soluble solids (%), sucrose (%), root and sugar yields (t ha -1 ) were included in this study. The results revealed that there were significant variations among the sowing dates treatments for all the parameters. Among sowing dates, 1 st October sowing showed minimum days (7.31 & 6.46) to seed germination with maximum germination percentage (92.88 & 90.83%) during both years while sowing done on 11th October produced maximum plant height (43.46 & 43.43 cm ), number of leaves plant -1 (43.63 &43.48), leaf area plant -1 (500.46 & 493.58 cm 2 ), leaf weight plant -1 (485.42 & 485.44 g), root weight plant -1 (14.73.5 & 1473.4 g), sucrose (16.54 & 16.59 %), total soluble solids (18.46 & 18.43%), root yield (63.61 & 62.44 t ha -1 ) and sugar yield (10.57 & 10.64 t ha -1 ) during both years. The comparative assessment of the sowing dates showed that 11 th October sowing showed better performance over all other sowing dates during both the study years. The results depict that a profitable yield can be obtained when seeds are sown on 11 th October under Dera Ismail Khan conditions and hence recommended.
Dust, Volcanic Ash, and the Evolution of the South Pacific Gyre Dust, Volcanic Ash, and the Evolution of the South Pacific Gyre through the Cenozoic through the Cenozoic

We examine the 0 – 100Ma paleoceanographic record retained in pelagic clay from the South Paci ﬁ c Gyre (SPG) by analyzing 47 major, trace, and rare earth elements in bulk sediment in 206 samples from seven sites drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 329. We use multivariate statistical analyses (Q-mode factor analysis and multiple linear regression) of the geochemical data to construct a model of bulk pelagic clay composition and mass accumulation rates (MAR) of six end-members, (post-Archean average Australian shale, rhyolite, basalt, Fe-Mn-oxyhydroxides, apatite, and excess Si). Integrating the results with Co-based age models at Sites U1365, U1366, U1369, and U1370, we link changes in MAR of these components to global oceanographic, terrestrial, and climatic transformations through the Cenozoic. Our results track the spatial extent (thousands of kilometers) of dust deposition in the SPG during the aridi ﬁ cation of Australia. Dispersed ash is a signi ﬁ cant component of the pelagic clay, often comprising > 50% by mass, and records episodes of Southern Hemisphere volcanism. Because both are transported by wind, the correlation of dust and ash MAR depends on the site ’ s latitude and suggests meridional shifts in the position of atmospheric circulation cells. The hydrothermal MARs provide evidence for rapid deposition from the Osbourn Trough spreading ridge before it went extinct. Excess Si MARs show that the abrupt increase in siliceous productivity observed at Site U1371 also extended at least as far north as Sites U1369 and U1370, suggesting large-scale reorganizations of oceanic Si distributions ~10 – 8Ma in the southern SPG.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HYDROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF MAJOR FOREST ECOSYSTEMS IN CHINA

Based on case studies from nearly 20 forest ecological stations in different bioregions of China, the characteristics of eco_hydrological functions of forest ecosystems were studied in terms of canopy interception, soil_water storage and holding capacity. Annual canopy rainfall interception ranged from 134 to 626 mm, and was ranked in the descending order as follows : tropical mountain rain forest, subtropical western mountain evergreen coniferous forest, tropical semi_deciduous monsoon forest, temperate mountain deciduous/evergreen coniferous forest, cold_temperate/temperate mountain evergreen coniferous forest, subtropical bamboo forest, subtropical/tropical eastern mountain evergreen coniferous forest, cold_temperate/temperate mountain deciduous coniferous forest, temperate/subtropical deciduous broadleaf forest, subtropical mountain evergreen broadleaf forest, subtropical/tropical south_west mountain evergreen coniferous forest, south subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest, and subtropical mountain evergreen/broadleaf forest. The moisture holding capacity of litter was about two_to_five times its dry_weight, but varied with forest type. The soil non_capillary moisture capacity of forests ranged from 36 to 142 mm with an average of 89 mm. Non_capillary capacity of evergreen broadleaf forests was more than 100 mm, but was less than 100 mm in the cold_temperate/temperate deciduous broadleaf and evergreen coniferous forests. From an ecosystem point of view, the soil non_capillary holding capacity counted for more than 90% of the total, followed by forest litter, which ranged from 3 to 10 mm, and canopy interception only occupied a small proportion (less than 2 mm). This indicates that forest soils play a significant role in regulating rainfall interception. The hydrological role of forest soil depends on its structure and porosity, which is further affected by litter_fall and forest vegetation on sites. There was no consistent result with respect to the relationship between forest cover and annual runoff based on paired comparison of forest watersheds or direct measurements of the same forest watershed with a change of forest cover over time. Soil surface runoff was found to increase remarkably after forest logging, in particular, after clear_cut on a large scale irrespective of forest types or regions. An appropriate thinning or tending practices, however, could reduce soil surface runoff to a certain degree in forest watersheds. With increasing precipitation, forest evapo_transpiration increased slightly, while the Relative Evapo_transpiration Ratio (RER) decreased with the RER variation ranging from 40% to 90%.
NUTRIENT PROFILE BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE (HERMETIA ILLUCENS): EFFECT OF FEEDING SUBSTRATE AND HARVESTED TIME

The objective of this study was to asses the effect of different feeding substrates (FS), harvesting times (HT), and the interaction between FS and HT on the chemical composition of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). The experiment used a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement with two main factors, FS (T1, T2, T3, T4), and HT (15-d and 20-d). Thus, there were eight treatment combinations, all together with five replications. The results show that there was no interaction (P>0.05) between FS and HT on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude lipid (CL), phosphorus (P), gross energy (GE), and amino acid contents. The ash content of BSFL grown on T2 media and harvested on day 15 was higher (P<0.05) than those grown on T2 media and harvested on day 20. The calcium (Ca) content of BSFL grown on all media and harvested on day 20 was higher (P<0.05) than those harvested on day 15. In conclusion, combining fruit wastes and tofu by-products produced BSFL with high CP content but low CL, ash, Ca, and P contents. In addition, BSFL grown on all substrates media and harvested on day 15 had better CP, Ca, and P contents. The dispensable amino acid of BSFLs fed with T3 diets was the best. The lowest body weight gain was produced by feeding a substrate containing a high percentage of rice bran. The findings indicate that the best nutrient composition of BSFL as animal feed would be achieved in early harvest time (15-d) and grown in heterogeneous feeding substrates.
MEDICINAL USES OF PLANTS BY THE INHABITANTS OF KHUNJERAB NATIONAL PARK, GILGIT, PAKISTAN

Like many other mountain communities, people living in the peripheries of Khunjerab National Park (KNP) have been using plant resources for food, medicine, shelter, fuel and other purposes since long. The present study was carried out to record the most common medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) and their traditional uses by the local inhabitants from the study area. A total of 43 plant species belonging to 40 genera and 28 families were recorded from Dhee, Barkhun, Shimshal and Khunjerab pastures during field visits conducted in 2006-2008, which are being used by the people of the area for the preparation of herbal recipes. In all, Asteraceae family contributed the highest number of species (11.63%), followed by Fabaceae, Lamiaceae and Rosaceae (9.30% each), Chenopodiaceae and Elaeagnaceae (4.65% each). Twenty nine diseases were treated by the reported species. Maximum number of species were employed for treating fever (9 spp.), followed by cough, in digestion (5 spp. each), wounds, eye infection, abdominal pain, jaundice, blood pressure and diarrhea (4 spp. each). The study area is a fragile ecosystem which is rapidly degrading due to excessive grazing and over exploitation by the inhabitants for their customary needs. In order to protect the dwindling floral resources and their classical uses, concrete conservation measures i.e., education and awareness, integration of traditional knowledge with modern healthcare and ex situ conservation of threatened species, supporting local livelihoods and rural economy is inevitable.
Exploring the Future: is HTML5 the solution for GIS Applications on the World Wide Web?

The unfortunate need to develop multiple native applications has emerged with the recent explosion in mobile device usage, and HTML5 promises to be a common platform for application development towards multiple different devices with different operative systems. Applications in the GIS domain is exposed to this in particular, because location-based applications are especially useful in mobile devices, and by developing the GIS application with HTML5, it can be used on any device that supports the parts of HTML5 that are used. It is important to understand that HTML5 is a standard that consists of several, individual pieces – some are well supported across browsers, and some are not. This paper explores elements of HTML5 (and specifications related to HTML5), and their use in web application development the GIS domain, and especially technology with essential features for GIS applications that has not previously been part of the open web. There are lots of existing, open GIS standards and GIS libraries already available, that decreases development time for GIS applications on the web, and promote cooperation and compatibility between GIS applications. There is an overview and an in-depth analysis of interesting possibilities available with the new technology, and accompanies most elements with examples to preview the elements in a GIS application environment. Some elements that influence performance in particular, is tested in-depth to examine the benefits and improvements possible with the new technology. Visualisation with the canvas element or inline svg is especially interesting for mapping applications, and provides developers with tools to work with raster and vector data. The geolocation specification is a standard way to retrieve the users’ location. HTML5 enhances performance by decreasing latency and bandwidth with the Web Sockets API and Server-Sent Events, and by launching non-blocking processes with the Web Workers API. HTML5 finally introduces native support for media with the video and audio elements; storing application data is easier and more secure with the Local Storage API and creating offline applications – especially for mobile devices that often are without internet access – is possible with Application Cache. Although HTML5 is a young standard, some GIS applications have already been developed using the new technologies, and the paper provides an overview of how these applications utilize HTML5. In conclusion, with the new HTML5 standard, the open web has taken a major step forward for providing developers and companies with the means necessary to create GIS applications that may compete with their desktop-bound counterparts. While third-party plugins like Adobe Flash and Microsoft Silverlight are years ahead in terms of maturity, HTML5 lays a solid foundation for the future open web, and existing GIS applications that use HTML5 technologies are impressive both with regards to their performance, and their user interfaces.
, Idoso Use of structural equation modeling to understand the functional disability of elderly people with self-reported cataract

Objective: To verify the direct and indirect associations between demographic, economic, biopsychosocial and behavioral variables with the functional disability of the elderly with self-reported cataract. Method: Cross-sectional study among 260 elderly people with self-reported cataract and residents in the urban area of a health micro-region in Minas Gerais. Data collection was carried out in the households through the application of instruments validated in Brazil. Descriptive and trajectory analyzes were carried out (p<0.05). Results: The functional decline occurred in a hierarchical manner. The worst physical performance was directly associated with greater functional incapacity for basic (p= 0.003), instrumental (p<0.001) and advanced (p= 0.003) activities of daily living. Physical inactivity was directly associated with greater functional disability for instrumental (p<0.001) and advanced (p<0.001) activities. Lower schooling (p= 0.020), higher number of depressive symptoms (p<0.001) and lower social support score (p<0.001) were directly associated with greater functional incapacity for advanced activities, such as older age (p= 0.001) for the instruments. Indirect associations, mediated by worse physical performance, were observed between females and the highest number of morbidities with functional incapacity for the three activities of daily living. Conclusion: Elderly people with self-reported cataract showed impairment of functional capacity related to older age, low education, worse physical performance, physical inactivity, presence of depressive symptoms and lower level of social support.
Neoadjuvant therapy in non-small cell lung cancer: basis, promise, and challenges

Introduction Survival rates for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain poor despite the decade-long established standard of surgical resection and systemic adjuvant therapy. Realizing this, researchers are exploring novel therapeutic targets and deploying neoadjuvant therapies to predict and improve clinical and pathological outcomes in lung cancer patients. Neoadjuvant therapy is also increasingly being used to downstage disease to allow for resection with a curative intent. In this review, we aim to summarize the current and developing landscape of using neoadjuvant therapy in the management of NSCLC. Methods The PubMed.gov and the ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched on 15 January 2023, to identify published research studies and trials relevant to this review. One hundred and seven published articles and seventeen ongoing clinical trials were selected, and relevant findings and information was reviewed. Results & Discussion Neoadjuvant therapy, proven through clinical trials and meta-analyses, exhibits safety and efficacy comparable to or sometimes surpassing adjuvant therapy. By attacking micro-metastases early and reducing tumor burden, it allows for effective downstaging of disease, allowing for curative surgical resection attempts. Research into neoadjuvant therapy has necessitated the development of surrogate endpoints such as major pathologic response (MPR) and pathologic complete response (pCR) allowing for shorter duration clinical trials. Novel chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy agents are being tested at a furious rate, paving the way for a future of personalized systemic therapy in NSCLC. However, challenges remain that prevent further mainstream adoption of preoperative (Neoadjuvant) therapy. These include the risk of delaying curative surgical resection in scenarios of adverse events or treatment resistance. Also, the predictive value of surrogate markers of disease cure still needs robust verification. Finally, the body of published data is still limited compared to adjuvant therapy. Addressing these concerns with more large scale randomized controlled trials is needed.
Essential anatomy for lateral lymph node dissection

In Western countries, the gold-standard therapeutic strategy for rectal cancer is preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) following total mesorectal excision (TME), without lateral lymph node dissection (LLND). However, preoperative CRT has recently been reported to be insufficient to control lateral lymph node recurrence in cases of enlarged lateral lymph nodes before CRT, and LLND is considered necessary in such cases. We performed a literature review on aspects of pelvic anatomy associated with rectal surgery and LLND, and then combined this information with our experience and knowledge of pelvic anatomy. In this review, drawing upon research using a 3-dimensional anatomical model and actual operative views, we aimed to clarify the essential anatomy for LLND. The LLND procedure was developed in Asian countries and can now be safely performed in terms of functional preservation. Nonetheless, the longer operative time, hemorrhage, and higher complication rates with TME accompanied by LLND than with TME alone indicate that LLND is still a challenging procedure. Laparoscopic or robotic LLND has been shown to be useful and is widely performed; however, without a sufficient understanding of anatomical landmarks, misrecognition of vessels and nerves often occurs. To perform safe and accurate LLND, understanding the landmarks of LLND is essential.