Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-Abelian string of a finite length

We consider world-sheet theories for non-Abelian strings assuming compactification on a cylinder with a finite circumference L and periodic boundary conditions. The dynamics of the orientational modes is described by two-dimensional CP(N − 1) model. We analyze both non-supersymmetric (bosonic) model and N = (2,2) supersymmetric CP(N − 1) emerging in the case of 1/2-BPS saturated strings in N = 2 supersymmetric QCD with Nf = N. The non-supersymmetric case was studied previously; technically our results agree with those obtained previously, although our interpretation is totally different. In the large-N limit we detect a phase transition at L ∼ � −1 CP (which is expected to become a rapid crossover at finite N). If at large L the CP(N − 1) model develops a mass gap and is in the Coulomb/confinement phase, with exponentially suppressed finite-L effects, at small L it is in the deconfinement phase, and the orientational modes √
On Gender and Illiberalism: Lessons From Slovak Parliamentary Debates

This study offers a comprehensive, in-depth analysis of Slovak illiberal anti-gender parliamentary discourse based on a unique dataset consisting of 85 parliamentary speeches. It presents who the main actors are in terms of the illiberal anti-gender discourse in Slovakia and which narratives they postulate. It also considers if there is any variation in the identified narratives. The qualitative content analysis covered several critical anti-gender narratives in the rhetoric of illiberal parties. I argue that the occurrence and range of anti-gender narratives within the Slovak parliamentary illiberal discourse are diverse, and this diversity varies in the ideological background of the analysed parties. While some of the more traditional Christian conservative parties, such as the KDH, and new populist parties such as OĽaNO or Sme Rodina, have articulated gender primarily as a threat to Slovak Catholics, Christianity, traditional marriage, and families, others like the nationally conservative-oriented SNS or the Smer-SD have stressed the loss of national sovereignty and legal aspects around the Istanbul Convention, and utilized this topic to strengthen their Eurosceptic rhetoric. Finally, the far-right K-ĽSNS has used an eclectic approach combining all found anti-gender narratives while using the most abusive language towards transgender persons and other sexual minorities.
Wiedemann–Steiner Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature

Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a broad and variable phenotypic spectrum characterized by intellectual disability, prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, hypertrichosis, characteristic facial features, behavioral problems, and congenital anomalies involving different systems. Here, we report a five-year-old boy who was diagnosed with WDSTS based on the results of Trio-based whole-exome sequencing and an assessment of his clinical features. He had intellectual disability, short stature, hirsutism, and atypical facial features, including a low hairline, down-slanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, long eyelashes, broad and arching eyebrows, synophrys, a bulbous nose, a broad nasal tip, and dental/oral anomalies. However, not all individuals with WDSTS exhibit the classic phenotype, so the spectrum of the disorder can vary widely from relatively atypical facial features to multiple systemic symptoms. Here, we summarize the clinical and molecular spectrum, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, long-term management, and care planning of WDSTS to improve the awareness of both pediatricians and clinical geneticists and to promote the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Constructing balanced equations of motion for particles in general relativistic theories: the general case

We present a general approach for the formulation of equations of motion for compact objects in general relativistic theories. The particle is assumed to be moving in a geometric background which in turn is asymptotically flat. Our approach defines a model for particle like objects which emphasizes different aspects of a set of gravitating objects; by concentrating in the main contributions coming from back reaction effects due to gravitational radiation.
Velocity and abundance precisions for future high‐resolution spectroscopic surveys: A study for 4MOST

In preparation for future, large-scale, multi-object, hig h-resolution spectroscopic surveys of the Galaxy, we present a series of tests of the precision in radial velocity and chemi cal abundances that any such project can achieve at a 4 m class telescope. We briefly discuss a number of science cases that aim at studying the chemo-dynamical history of the major Galactic components (bulge, thin and thick disks, and halo) ‐ either as a follow-up to the Gaia mission or on their own merits. Based on a large grid of synthetic spectra that cover the full range in stellar parameters of typical survey targets, we devise an optimal wavelength range and argue for a moderately high-resolution spectrograph. As a result, the kinematic precision is not limited by any of these factors, but will practically only suffer from systematic effects, ea sily reaching uncertainties <1kms −1 . Under realistic survey conditions (namely, considering stars brighter than r = 16 mag with reasonable exposure times) we prefer an ideal resolving power of R ∼20000 on average, for an overall wavelength range (with a common two-arm spectrograph design) of [395;456.5] nm and [587;673] nm. We show for the first time on a general basis that it is possible to measure chemical abundance ratios to better than 0.1 dex for many species (Fe, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Na, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Y, Ba, Nd, Eu) and to an accuracy of about 0.2 dex for other species such as Zr, La, and Sr. While our feasibility study was explicitly carried o ut for the 4MOST facility, the results can be readily applied to and used for any other conceptual design study for high-resolution spectrographs.
Experience and Perception of Healthcare Workers on the Challenges of Follow-Up and Treatment of Tuberculosis Patients in Southern Ethiopia: An Exploratory-Descriptive Qualitative Study

Background There is a scarcity of research evidence on TB follow-up and treatment challenges from a healthcare worker’s perspective in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and describe the experience and perception of healthcare workers on the challenges of follow-up and treatment of TB patients in Southern Ethiopia. Material and Methods A qualitative exploratory-descriptive study was employed among 26 purposely selected Healthcare Workers (HCWs) from Wolaita Sodo University-Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Achura, Boloso Sore, and Tida Health Centers in December 2021 and January 2022. Initially, the maximum variation purposive sampling technique was employed, then based on the data requirement of the study it was enriched by a theoretical sampling method. The required data were collected through one-on-one face-to-face audio-taped in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted by using a qualitative data analysis framework for the applied research method. NVivo Software Version 11 was used to ease data organization and analysis. Detailed textual narration of subthemes, and themes was done using direct verbatim quotations in the respective headings and subheadings. Results In the current study, three major themes and eleven sub-themes emerged from the data. The three major themes include the experience of healthcare workers, perceived challenges, and suggestions for improvement of TB patients’ follow-up and treatment. Healthcare worker’s experience, compliance with infection prevention protocols, fear of contracting and/or spreading TB, public awareness of TB, socio-economic burdens, providers-related problems, shortage of medical supplies, unconducive physical work environment, provision of holistic support for the patients, provision of in or out of service training, and supportive supervision were the sub-themes. Conclusion This study explored the multidimensional challenges adjoining follow-up and treatment of TB patients. Regular monitoring and supportive supervision accompanied by appropriate and timely decisions and feedback are vital to ensure effective follow-up and treatment of TB patients in Ethiopia.
Radiative efficiency of disc accretion in individual SDSS QSOs

We estimate the radiative efficiencyǫ of individual type 1 SDSS QSOs by using their bolometric luminosities (Lbol) and accretion rates ( u M•,acc), which may be related to the assembly histories and spins of the central massive black holes (MBHs). We estimate Lbol by using the empirical spectral energy distributions of QSOs and u M•,acc by fitting the observed optical luminosity(/-ies) with the thin accretion disk model, assuming the MBH masses given by the virial mass estimator(s) (M•,vir). We find an apparent correlation between ǫ and M•,vir, which is strong at redshift z . 1.8, weak at z & 2, and consistent with that found by Davis & Laor (2011) for 80 PG QSOs at z 6 0.5. To investigate whether this correlation is intrinsic or not, we construct a mock sample of QSOs according to the true MBH mass and Eddington ratio distributions given in Kelly & Shen (2013). By comparing the results obtained from the mock sample with that from the SDSS sample, we demonstrate that the apparent ǫ−M•,vir correlation can be produced by and mainly due to the selection effects of the SDSS sample and the bias induced by the usage of M•,vir as the true MBH mass. The mean values of ǫ of those SDSS QSOs are consistent with being a constant ≃ 0.11 − 0.16 over the redshift range of 0.3 . z . 4. We conclude that the current SDSS QSO data is consistent with no strong intrinsic correlation between radiative efficiency and true MBH mass and no significant redshift evolution of radiative efficiencies.
Recovery of Valuable Aromas from Sardine Cooking Wastewaters by Pervaporation with Fractionated Condensation: Matrix Effect and Model Validation

Due to the lack of studies addressing the influence of real food matrices on integrated organophilic pervaporation/fractionated condensation processes, the present work analyses the impact of the real matrix of sardine cooking wastewaters on the fractionation of aromas. In a previous study, a thermodynamic/material balance model was developed to describe the integrated pervaporation—a fractionated condensation process of aroma recovery from model solutions that emulate seafood industry aqueous effluents, aiming to define the best conditions for off-flavour removal. This work assesses whether the previously developed mathematical model, validated only with model solutions, is also applicable in predicting the fractionation of aromas of different chemical families from real effluents (sardine cooking wastewaters), aiming for off-flavour removals. It was found that the food matrix does not influence substantial detrimental consequences on the model simulations, which validates and extends the applicability of the model.
Analysis Of Stochastic Partial Differential Equations

The general area of stochastic PDEs is interesting to mathematicians because it contains an enormous number of challenging open problems. There is also a great deal of interest in this topic because it has deep applications in disciplines that range from applied mathematics, statistical mechanics, and theoretical physics, to theoretical neuroscience, theory of complex chemical reactions [including polymer science], fluid dynamics, and mathematical finance. The stochastic PDEs that are studied in this book are similar to the familiar PDE for heat in a thin rod, but with the additional restriction that the external forcing density is a two-parameter stochastic process, or what is more commonly the case, the forcing is a "random noise," also known as a "generalized random field. " At several points in the lectures, there are examples that highlight the phenomenon that stochastic PDEs are not a subset of PDEs. In fact, the introduction of noise in some partial differential equations can bring about not a small perturbation, but truly fundamental changes to the system that the underlying PDE is attempting to describe. The topics covered include a brief introduction to the stochastic heat equation, structure theory for the linear stochastic heat equation, and an in-depth look at intermittency properties of the solution to semilinear stochastic heat equations. Specific topics include stochastic integrals a la Norbert Wiener, an infinite-dimensional Ito-type stochastic integral, an example of a parabolic Anderson model, and intermittency fronts. There are many possible approaches to stochastic PDEs. The selection of topics and techniques presented here are informed by the guiding example of the stochastic heat equation.
Modeling of the cubic and antiferrodistortive phases of SrTiO 3 with screened hybrid density functional theory

We have calculated the properties of SrTiO 3 (STO) using a wide array of density functionals ranging from standard semilocal functionals to modern range-separated hybrids, combined with several basis sets of varying size and quality. We show how these combinations' predictive ability varies significantly, for both STO's cubic and antiferrodistortive (AFD) phases, with the greatest variation in functional and basis set efficacy seen in modeling the AFD phase. The screened hybrid functionals we utilized predict the structural properties of both phases in very good agreement with experiment, especially if used with large (but still computationally tractable) basis sets. The most accurate results presented in this study, namely, those from HSE06 with a modified def2-TZVP basis set, stand as one of the most accurate modelings of STO to date when compared to the literature; these results agree well with experimental structural and electronic properties as well as providing insight into the band structure alteration during the phase transition.
Detecting Female Students Transforming Entrepreneurial Competency, Mindset, and Intention into Sustainable Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship has been viewed as an opportunity for economic development and changing economic scenario in global markets. Women are viewed as a reservoir of entrepreneurial talents, so they can be growth engines in novel markets. Previous studies have considered entrepreneurship as the most effective way towards the economic empowerment of women. Female students engaged in entrepreneurial education have been addressed persistently, while what transforms them in an education process is still unclear. Considering the transforming global economy and its influence on higher education, this study aims to detect female students transforming entrepreneurial competency, mindset, and intention into sustainable entrepreneurship. Using a self-compiled survey, we targeted 752 female students to investigate their entrepreneurial competency, mindset, and intention. SPSS and AMOS were used to transform the data for interpretation. We assumed that the impact of female student’s entrepreneurial competency could be modified by an entrepreneurial mindset and result in entrepreneurial intention. To detect this causal relationship, this study employed reliability, factor, structural equation modeling (SEM), and bootstrapping analyses to verify the evidence. The result of the SEM confirms that the female students’ entrepreneurial competency will, through their entrepreneurial mindset, impact entrepreneurial intention. With bootstrapping, 5000 samples were collected, and it was demonstrated that the measure constructs were still reliable in the model. This study found that there is a mediation effect between entrepreneurial competency and entrepreneurial intention. The entrepreneurial mindset plays a crucial role in the transformation process. Without an entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial competency cannot exert a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. The findings can help reinvent related entrepreneurial education in higher education.
Recommendations for PDF usage in LHC predictions

A short review of the currently available modern parton distribution functions (PDFs)and the theory predictions obtained using those PDFs for several benchmark processes at LHC, including Higgs boson production, is presented in this write-up. It includes the discussion on theory assumptions made in the determination procedure of PDFs and an impact on the differences in the obtained predictions, followed by the alternative to PDF4LHC recommendations for the usage of PDF sets for theory predictions at the LHC.
The impact of freeze-out on collapsing molecular clouds

Atoms and molecules, and in particular CO, are important coolants during the evolution of interstellar star-forming gas clouds. The presence of dust grains, which allow many chemical reactions to occur on their surfaces, strongly impacts the chemical composition of a cloud. At low temperatures, dust grains can lock up species from the gas phase which freeze out and form ices. In this sense, dust can deplete important coolants. Our aim is to understand the effects of freeze-out on the thermal balance and the evolution of a gravitationally bound molecular cloud. For this purpose, we perform 3D hydrodynamical simulations with the adaptive mesh code FLASH. We simulate a gravitationally unstable cloud under two different conditions, with and without grain surface chemistry. We let the cloud evolve until one free-fall time is reached and track the thermal evolution and the abundances of species during this time. We see that at a number density of 104 cm-3 most of the CO molecules are frozen on dust grains in the run with grain surface chemistry, thereby depriving the most important coolant. As a consequence, we find that the temperature of the gas rises up to ˜25 K. The temperature drops once again due to gas-grain collisional cooling when the density reaches a few × 104 cm-3. We conclude that grain surface chemistry not only affects the chemical abundances in the gas phase, but also leaves a distinct imprint in the thermal evolution that impacts the fragmentation of a star-forming cloud. As a final step, we present the equation of state of a collapsing molecular cloud that has grain surface chemistry included.
Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Use by Rural–Urban Residence among Women in Nigeria, 2016–2018

This study examined temporal trends in the association between rural–urban residence and the use of LARCs among women using a method of contraception. A secondary objective was to examine whether the association varied over time. This study was a secondary analysis of data collected by the Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA) project from Nigeria among women aged 15–49 in 2016 (N= 11,054), 2017 (N= 11,380), and 2018 (N = 11,106). Weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses examined the association between place of residence and the likelihood of LARC (overall and specific type) utilization. Using weighted multivariable logistic regression, we show that, of the 6488 women who were using a method of contraception, the rates of LARC utilization in urban areas were significantly lower than in rural areas (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.38–0.73), attributed mainly to the high utilization rates of implants. Women in urban areas were more likely to use intrauterine devices (IUDs) (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.09–3.30) compared to those in rural areas. Conversely, the use of implants was significantly lower among women in urban areas (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.28–0.54). Adjusting for all predictors, we observed a reduction, albeit not significantly different, in odds in overall LARC, IUD, and implant use in urban compared to rural areas. The use of LARCs increased between 2016 and 2018 and the association between LARC use and place of residence also differed by the PMA survey year. There is a need for programs and policies to close gaps in the disparities in overall and specific LARC utilization rates based on place of residence.
High‐frequency very long baseline interferometry studies of NRAO 530

NRAO 530 is an optically violent variable source and has been studied with multi-epoch multifrequency high-resolution very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations. NRAO 530 was monitored with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at three frequencies (22, 43 and 86 GHz) on 10 consecutive days in 2007 May during observations of the Galactic Centre (Sgr A*). Furthermore, analysis of archival data of NRAO 530 at 15 GHz over the last 10 years allows us to study its detailed jet kinematics. We identified the compact component located at the southern-end of the jet as the VLBI core, consistent with previous studies. The 10-d monitoring data at the three high frequencies were shown to produce high-quality and self-consistent measurements of the component positions, from which we detected for the first time a two-dimensional frequency-dependent position shift. In addition, the repeated measurements also permit us to investigate the interday flux density and structure variability of NRAO 530. We find that it is more variable for the inner jet components than those further out. We obtained apparent velocities for eight jet components with beta(app) ranging from 2 to 26c. Accordingly, we estimated physical jet parameters with the minimum Lorentz factor of 14 and Doppler factors in the range of 14-28 (component f). The changes in the morphology of NRAO 530 were related to the motion of separate jet components with the most pronounced changes occurring in the regions close to the core. For NRAO 530, we estimated a position angle swing of 3.4 per year for the entire inner jet (components d and e). The non-ballistic motion and change of jet orientation make this source another prominent example of a helical and possibly swinging jet.
Pengaruh Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia, Ukuran Usaha dan Sosialisasi SAK EMKM Terhadap Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan SAK EMKM

Laporan keuangan dapat memberikan informasi yang akurat bagi semua pihak yang berkepentingan dan menggambarkan kinerja dari sebuah usaha secara efektif, khususnya UMKM. Hal ini akan lebih mempermudah bagi pihak yang berkepentingan jika laporan keuangan UMKM sesuai dengan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (SAK EMKM). Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pemahaman UMKM dalam menyusun laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK EMKM, yaitu kualitas SDM, ukuran perusahaan, dan sosialisasi SAK EMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis apakah kualitas sumber daya manusia, ukuran perusahaan, sosialisasi SAK EMKM terhadap penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK EMKM. Obyek penelitian adalah UMKM industri pengolahan di Kota Kediri dengan sampel 59 industri. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada pemilik UMKM. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kualitas SDM, ukuran perusahaan, dan sosialisasi SAK EMKM secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK EMKM. Hal ini berarti kualitas pelaku usaha dengan tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi akan paham dan lebih mudah memahami mengenai betapa pentingnya melakukan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK EMKM. Semakin besarnya ukuran usaha akan mendorong untuk mencari kebutuhan modal usaha dari pihak ketiga sehingga perlu adanya laporan keuangan sebagai salah satu bukti kelayakan usaha. Adanya sosialisasi secara mengenai akuntansi dan juga pelaporan yang sesuai dengan SAK EMKM.