Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kepler photometry of KIC 10661783: a binary star with total eclipses and δ Scuti pulsations

We present Kepler satellite photometry of KIC 10661783, a short-period binary star system which shows total eclipses and multi-periodicScuti pulsations. A frequency analysis of the eclipse-subtracted light curve reveals at least 68 frequen cies of which 55 or more can be at- tributed to pulsation modes. The main limitation on this analysis is the frequency resolution within the 27-day short-cadence light curve. Most of the variability signal lies in the frequency range 18 to 31 d 1 , with amplitudes between 0.1 and 4 mmag. One harmonic term (2 × f ) and a few combination frequencies (fi + fj ) have been detected. From a plot of the residuals versus orbital phase we assign the pulsations to the primary star in the system. The pulsa- tions were removed from the short-cadence data and the light curve was modelled using the Wilson-Devinney code. We are unable to get a perfect fit due to the residual effects of pulsa- tions and also to the treatment of reflection and reprocessin g in the light curve model. A model where the secondary star fills its Roche lobe is favoured, whi ch means that KIC 10661783 can be classified as an oEA system. Further photometric and spect roscopic observations will al- low the masses and radii of the two stars to be measured to high precision and hundreds of � Scuti pulsation frequencies to be resolved. This could lead to unique constraints on theo- retical models ofScuti stars, if the evolutionary history of KIC 10661783 can be accounted for.
Forensic textile damage analysis: recent advances

Textiles damage analysis is an invaluable tool in forensic investigations and can be used to help resolve cases of stabbings, shootings, and sexual assaults. It also has the potential to resolve arson attacks and “acid attacks”. Here, the literature is explored in order to review research relating to blunt force damage, stab and slash cuts, the phenomenon of falsification of evidence in sexual assaults, projectiles damage, and the effect of decomposition upon textiles damage, among others. It is clear that there is a paucity of research in the area, but where the research has been carried out, it has been informative and impactful. However, there are areas that need further work, including a better understanding of normal wear and tear, and the potential for chemicals to cause textiles damage. One area that is in a significant need of further work is the development of a robust interpretational framework.
Family violence homicide in Australia: the effect of victim/offender gender on social media commentary

ABSTRACT The rapid expansion, accessibility and connectivity of social media enables real-time reader engagement and interaction with news regarding crime and criminal behaviour. However, the generally unrestricted nature of social media can lead to problematic discussions which may perpetuate damaging stereotypes and affect responses to victims and perpetrators of certain crimes. This study analysed social media reader commentary in response to news articles reporting 30 incidents of family violence (FV) homicide, published via the Facebook pages of four Australian media organizations. The study examined the nature of the media coverage and the reader comments for each homicide, according to the victim–offender relationship and the underlying tone of the initial article. Notable differences were evident in both the nature of the media coverage and the reader comments for homicides perpetrated by male and female offenders. Differences were also evident according to the type of victim (male, female or child). Male victims received less sympathy than females, whereas male offenders elicited notably more criticism. The findings point to embedded perceptions and expectations mapped to different victim–offender relationships. While the results reflect predominant patterns of FV victim–offender relationships, they also highlight the particular challenges faced by male victims of family violence.
Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple observable

Lyman-α (Lyα) is intrinsically the brightest line emitted from active galaxies. While it originates from many physical processes, for star-forming galaxies the intrinsic Lyα luminosity is a direct tracer of the Lyman-continuum (LyC) radiation produced by the most massive O- and early-type B-stars (M⋆ ≳ 10 M⊙) with lifetimes of a few Myrs. As such, Lyα luminosity should be an excellent instantaneous star formation rate (SFR) indicator. However, its resonant nature and susceptibility to dust as a rest-frame UV photon makes Lyα very hard to interpret due to the uncertain Lyα escape fraction, fesc, Lyα. Here we explore results from the CAlibrating LYMan-α with Hα (CALYMHA) survey at z = 2.2, follow-up of Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z = 2.2 − 2.6 and a z ∼ 0−0.3 compilation of LAEs to directly measure fesc, Lyα with Hα. We derive a simple empirical relation that robustly retrieves fesc, Lyα as a function of Lyα rest-frame EW (EW0): fesc,Lyα = 0.0048 EW0[Å] ± 0.05 and we show that it constrains a well-defined anti-correlation between ionisation efficiency (ξion) and dust extinction in LAEs. Observed Lyα luminosities and EW0 are easy measurable quantities at high redshift, thus making our relation a practical tool to estimate intrinsic Lyα and LyC luminosities under well controlled and simple assumptions. Our results allow observed Lyα luminosities to be used to compute SFRs for LAEs at z ∼ 0−2.6 within ±0.2 dex of the Hα dust corrected SFRs. We apply our empirical SFR(Lyα,EW0) calibration to several sources at z ≥ 2.6 to find that star-forming LAEs have SFRs typically ranging from 0.1 to 20 M⊙ yr−1 and that our calibration might be even applicable for the most luminous LAEs within the epoch of re-ionisation. Our results imply high ionisation efficiencies (log10[ξion/Hz erg−1] = 25.4−25.6) and low dust content in LAEs across cosmic time, and will be easily tested with future observations with JWST which can obtain Hα and Hβ measurements for high-redshift LAEs.
Working Papers in Economics : 1925 DOES SCHOOLING CAUSE STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION ?

We study how the global schooling increase during the 20th century affected structural transformation by changing the supply of agricultural labor. We develop an analytical model of frictional labor reallocation out of agriculture to infer changes in birth-cohort characteristics from observed data on agricultural employment. Bringing the model to microdata from 52 countries, we find that the increase in schooling was accompanied by a large shift of the labor force’s comparative advantage away from agriculture. We bring empirical evidence to suggest this relationship was causal. With fixed prices, the resulting decrease in the supply of agricultural workers can account for almost half of the observed reallocation out of agriculture. However, in general equilibrium, the net effect is ambiguous. JEL Codes: J24, J43, J62, L16, O11, O14, O18, O41, Q11 ⇤ First Draft: 8/10/2017. This version supersedes earlier ones titled: “Structural Change and the Supply of Agricultural Workers” and “Human Capital and Structural Change”. We especially thank Rachel Ngai for an insightful discussion of the paper. We thank for helpful comments Andrew Atkeson, Francesco Caselli, Joe Kaboski, David Lagakos, Tim Lee, Jonathan Heathcote, Ben Moll, Simon Mongey, Karthik Muralidharan, Michael Peters, Todd Schoellman, Jonathan Vogel and conference and seminar participants at 2017 IEA World Congress, Edinburgh Structural Change Conference, EIEF, Minneapolis Fed, University of Washington St. Louis, Claremont McKenna College, Warwick University, University of Cambridge, UCLA, UCSD, USC, CEPR MG Annual Programme Meeting, Barcelona GSE Summer Forum, Firms’ in Development Workshop at Cambridge, and the V Calvo-Armengol International Prize Workshop. Xiao Ma provided excellent research assistance. † Corresponding Author: University of California San Diego and CEPR; 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093; email: tporzio@ucsd.edu. ‡University of Cambridge; Austin Robinson Building, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 9DD, United Kingdom email: gabriella.santangelo@econ.cam. ac.uk.
The COVID-19 Distance Learning: Insight from Ukrainian students

Although distance learning has become an essential part of everyday life of most students during quarantine, there is little evidence regarding its effectiveness among Ukrainian students. The objective of the research is to estimate the effectiveness of current distance learning process in Ukrainian higher educational institutions; outline types of distance education provided; highlight the negative and positive aspects of introducing distance learning; describe the perspectives and approaches to solving the problems of distance education in universities. The study sought to collect data on students' attitudes and needs for distance learning during quarantine by means of the on-line survey – Covid-19 Distance Learning Questionnaire, which involved 540 respondents. Prerequisites for the development of distance education in Ukraine are considered. The findings reveal the most used distance learning tools, duration of learning, types of leisure activities, readiness of participants of educational process for distance learning, factors that affect distance learning (skills, internet speed, emotions) etc. The results obtained in the research can be provided to the governmental agencies, educational institutions and other stakeholders to further improve the process of distance learning.
Endophytic Fungal Root Colonization of Eragrostis tef in Eroded Croplands of the Ethiopian Highlands is Limited by Low Spore Density and Fertilisation

Eragrostis tef (teff) is a (sub-)tropical cereal crop and a staple food in Eastern Africa. As soil erosion has become increasingly worse in the Ethiopian highlands, we test the hypotheses that 1) eroded soils possess low arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spore densities, 2) teff growth is limited by low endophytic fungal root colonization rates and 3) colonization rates and spore densities are additionally reduced by fertilization. A pot experiment was set up to study the effect of cropland soil inoculation using pristine fungal communities (from adjacent forests) or fertilization. AMF spore densities in soil with and without teff and root colonization by AMF and dark septate endophytes (DSE) were related to straw and grain yields. AMF and DSE colonization rates were higher after inoculation, which provides evidence that a low spore density limits teff root colonization in eroded soils. However, teff yields were significantly increased after fertilisation but not inoculation. N-P fertilization further lowered root colonization rates and spore density. We conclude that forest soils serve as a refugium for soil biota in the degraded landscape of the Ethiopian highlands. As both increased AMF and DSE increase the stress resistance of plants, their inoculation potential should be considered when developing sustainable management methods for teff.
On the front velocity of gravity currents

Highly resolved three-dimensional and two-dimensional simulations of gravity currents in planar and cylindrical configurations are presented. The volume of release of the heavy fluid is varied and the different phases of spreading, namely acceleration, slumping, inertial and viscous phases, are studied. The incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are solved assuming that the Boussinesq approximation is valid for small density difference. The simulations are performed for three different Reynolds numbers (Re): 895, 3450 and 8950 (this particular choice corresponds to values of Grashof number: 105, 1.5 × 106 and 107, respectively). Following their sudden release, the gravity currents are observed to go through an acceleration phase in which the maximum front velocity is reached. As the interface of the current rolls up, the front velocity slightly decreases from the maximum and levels off to a nearly constant value. At higher Re, three-dimensional disturbances grow rapidly and the currents become strongly turbulent. In contrast, in two-dimensional simulations, the rolled-up vortices remain coherent and very strong. Depending on the initial Re of the flow and on the size of the release, the current may transition from the slumping to the inertial phase, or directly to the viscous phase without an inertial phase. New criteria for the critical Re are introduced for the development of the inertial phase. Once the flow transitions to the inertial or viscous phase, it becomes fully three-dimensional. During these phases of spreading, two-dimensional approximations underpredict the front location and velocity. The enhanced vortex coherence of the two-dimensional simulations leads to strong vortex interaction and results in spurious strong time variations of the front velocity. The structure and dynamics of the three-dimensional currents are in good agreement with previously reported numerical and experimental observations.
Occurrence of Metallo-Β-Lactmases Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa among Clinical Isolates

DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018. 6.2. 3 Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an increasingly prevalent opportunistic human pathogen and the most common gram negative bacterium found in nosocomial infection. Production of metallo-βlactamase enzyme in Pseudomonas aeruginosa usually results in high level resistance to most β-lactamases and a rapid spread of MBL producing major gram negative pathogens is a matter of particular concern worldwide. To identify the metallo –β-lactmase production by double disk synergy test, combined disk diffusion method and modified hodge test as described further. Out of 514 samples, on the basis of gram staining , 108(21.01%) gram positive cocci, 296(57.58%) gram negative bacilli, 89(17.31%) no organism seen and 21(4.08%) were yeast.On the basis of culture of 89 samples , 11 (12.35%) were gram positive cocci, 23 (25.84%) were gram negative bacilli, 55(61.81%) were showed no growth. In 319 samples of gram negative bacilli, 100 were isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in which 18 were found to be producing metallo β-lactmases. This study suggests metallo-beta-lactmase production in pseudomonas aeruginosa is emerging threat in hospital isolates because it is crucial for the optimal treatment of patients.
Corrupt politicians? Media priming effects on overtly expressed stereotypes toward politicians

Abstract The present study investigates whether or not reading about corrupt politicians influences peoples’ subsequent judgments toward political actors’ supposed corruptness. We expected this media stereotype priming effect to be dependent on pre-existing implicit stereotypes. It was hypothesized that only those participants would show a media priming effect who already have a strong automatic association between ‘politicians’ and ‘corrupt’ in memory prior to reading a further facilitative article (“politicians are corrupt”). Conversely, people who do not have a comparable biased cognitive association should not. Data from an experiment support this hypothesis: We found pre-existing implicit stereotypes to moderate the media priming effect on explicit stereotypes, but only when the newspaper article covered the “corrupt politician” media stereotype with sufficient salience. Furthermore, the experiment showed that antagonistic media primes (“politicians are honest”) did not produce a media priming effect at all. Antagonistic articles were simply not able to prime corruption-related memory traces.
Multi-spark modeling of very fast transient overvoltages for the purposes of developing HV and UHV gas-insulated switchgear and of conducting insulation co-ordination studies

Manuscript submitted 2017-03-21, revised 2017-08-09, initially accepted for publication 2017-08-12, published in December 2017. Abstract. Very fast transient overvoltages (VFTO) originate from steep voltage breakdowns in SF6 gas that are inherent to operation of any switching device of the gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) type. For power stations with voltage ratings exceeding 500 kV, the ratio between equipment ratedand withstand-voltage levels becomes relatively low, which causes the VFTO peak values to reach the component’s insulation withstand-voltage levels, thus becoming a design factor for highand ultra-high voltage GIS. While well-established approach to VFTO analyses involves only single VFTO events (the so-called single-spark approach), there is often the need to analyze the entire VFTO generation process, for which the multi-spark approach to VFTO modeling is to be employed. The multi-spark approach allows one to evaluate the VFTO impact on the GIS disconnector design along with the impact of the VFTO on selection and dimensioning of the VFTO damping solutions. As the multi-spark approach to VFTO modeling is now being increasingly used in UHV GIS developments as well as for the insulation co-ordination studies of power stations, the present paper is motivated by the need to report on the VFTO multi-spark modeling approach and to lay a common ground for development works that are supported extensively with VFTO simulations. The paper presents physical assumptions and modeling concepts that are in use in such modeling works. Development of the multi-spark GIS disconnector model for VFTO simulations is presented, followed by an overview of examples of the model application for the GIS development works and for insulation co-ordination studies.
Geographical signatures of middle Atlantic estuaries: Historical layers

Estuaries of the middle Atlantic region can be characterized and viewed broadly against the backdrop of their geomorphologic features. While geomorphology is literally at the base of every estuary, these features do not necessarily yield regional signatures. A conceptual model, with layering in time and space, is proposed as an alternative to simplistic geomorphologic characterization. Humans have altered virtually every physical, chemical, and biological feature of middle Atlantic estuaries. A basic model premise is that middle Atlantic estuaries have a base of fundamental geomorphology features. Layered, in GIS fashion, on this base are the estuaries' components: climate, nutrients, watershed soils and vegetation, producers, and consumers. These components have been so strongly influenced by humans in time and space that the signature is anthropogenic. As a consequence, best management practices, stock assessment, and restoration have replaced concepts such as ecosystem integrity and stability. The focus of the layered model is the Chesapeake Bay watershed, and although middle Atlantic estuaries differ along climatic and latitudinal gradients, all reflect the detrimental effects of a massive human presence. The ability or inability of middle Atlantic estuaries to absorb human perturbation over the last 10,000 years gives them their signatures. From the Hudson-Raritan to the Pamlico-Albemarle estuaries, we have made some progress in curbing our impacts. Nearly everything we do affects our estuaries, and our actions are proportional to the number of humans living in the watersheds. Continued population growth on our coasts and many years of abuse may be irreversible as our estuaries lose their ability to be self-regulating, biological systems.
Fertility control Effects of ulipristal acetate on human embryo attachment and endometrial cell gene expression in an in vitro co-culture system

study question: Does ulipristal acetate (UPA) used for emergency contraception (EC) interfere with the human embryo implantation process? summary answer: UPA, at the dosage used for EC, does not affect human embryo implantation process, in vitro. what is known already: A single pre-ovulatory dose of UPA (30 mg) acts by delaying or inhibiting ovulation and is recommended as first choice among emergency contraceptive pills due to its efficacy. The compound has also been demonstrated to have a dose-dependent effect on the endometrium, which theoretically could impair endometrial receptivity but its direct action on human embryo implantation has not yet been studied. study design, size, duration: Effect of UPA on embryo implantation process was studied in an in vitro endometrial construct. Human embryos were randomly added to the cultures and cultured for 5 more days with UPA (n 1⁄4 10) or with vehicle alone (n 1⁄4 10) to record the attachment of embryos. participants/materials, setting, methods: Endometrial biopsies were obtained from healthy, fertile women on cycle day LH+4 and stromal and epithelial cells were isolated. A three-dimensional in vitro endometrial co-culture system was constructed by mixing stromal cells with collagen covered with a layer of epithelial cells and cultured in progesterone containing medium until confluence. The treatment group received 200 ng/ml of UPA. Healthy, viable human embryos were placed on both control and treatment cultures. Five days later the cultures were tested for the attachment of embryos and the 3D endometrial constructs were analysed for endometrial receptivity markers by realtime PCR. main results and the role of chance: There was no significant difference in the embryo attachment rate between the UPA treated group and the control group as 5 out of 10 human embryos exposed to UPA and 7 out of 10 embryos in the control group attached to the endometrial cell surface (P 1⁄4 0.650). Out of 17 known receptivity genes studied here, only 2 genes, HBEGF (P 1⁄4 0.009) and IL6 (P 1⁄4 0.025) had a significant up-regulation and 4 genes, namely HAND2 (P 1⁄4 0.003), OPN (P 1⁄4 0.003), CALCR (P 1⁄4 0.016) and FGF2 (P 1⁄4 0.023) were downregulated with the exposure of UPA, compared with control group. limitations, reasons for caution: This proof of concept study was conducted with a few human embryos, as their availability was limited. Although the 3D model used for this study is well established and the artificial endometrial luminal epithelium shown to express progesterone regulatedmarkers of endometrial receptivity it is still an in vitromodel, lackingall cell types that constitute the receptiveendometrium in vivo. wider implications of the findings: This study provides new insights on the mechanism of action of UPA on human embryo implantation, demonstrating that UPA in a dosage used for EC does not affect embryo viability and the implantation process of embryo.
Aerial physical interaction via IDA-PBC

This paper proposes the use of a novel control method based on interconnection and damping assignment–passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) in order to address the aerial physical interaction (APhI) problem for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The apparent physical properties of the quadrotor are reshaped in order to achieve better APhI performances, while ensuring the stability of the interaction through passivity preservation. The robustness of the IDA-PBC method with respect to sensor noise is also analyzed. The direct measurement of the external wrench, needed to implement the control method, is compared with the use of a nonlinear Lyapunov-based wrench observer and advantages/disadvantages of both methods are discussed. The validity and practicability of the proposed APhI method is evaluated through experiments, where for the first time in the literature, a lightweight all-in-one low-cost force/torque (F/T) sensor is used onboard of a quadrotor. Two main scenarios are shown: a quadrotor responding to external disturbances while hovering (physical human–quadrotor interaction), and the same quadrotor sliding with a rigid tool along an uneven ceiling surface (inspection/painting-like task).