Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of intravenous rtPA in patients with minor stroke

Abstract Background Whether minor ischemic stroke (MIS) patients can benefit from intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains controversial. The association between the efficacy of IVT and baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score is unclear in MIS, while the association in moderate and severe stroke is known. This study aimed to explore the effect of IVT in patients with MIS and analyze its efficacy in patients with different baseline NIHSS scores. Methods Patients with a NIHSS score ≤5 within 4.5 h of stroke onset were screened in 32 centers. Patients with and without IVT were matched to a ratio of 1:1 with propensity scores. An excellent outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤1 at three months after stroke onset. Safety outcomes included mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Multivariate analysis was used to compute the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for excellent outcomes. The effect of IVT was further analyzed in subgroups according to the baseline NIHSS score. Results Of the 23,853 screened, 3336 patients with MIS who arrived at the hospital within 4.5 h of onset were included. The 1163 patients treated with IVT were matched with 1163 patients without IVT. IVT in minor strokes generated an adjusted OR of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.09–1.75, p = 0.009) for excellent outcomes. There were no significant differences in mortality (0.17% vs. 0.09%, p = 1.000) and sICH (0.69% vs. 0.86%, p = 0.813) between patients with and without IVT. Subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant effect of IVT in the baseline NIHSS 0-1 or 2-3 subgroups, with adjusted OR of 0.816 (95% CI 0.437–1.53, p = 0.525) and1.22 (95% CI 0.845–1.77, p = 0.287), respectively. In patients with NIHSS score of 4–5, IVT was significantly effective, with an adjusted OR of 1.53 (95% CI 1.02–2.30, p = 0.038). Conclusion IVT can improve MIS outcomes. The risks of sICH and mortality did not increase, especially in patients with NIHSS scores 4 to 5, who could benefit from IVT significantly.
Flying-fox species and Hendra virus spillover risk: comment on ‘Factors explaining the dispersal of Hendra virus disease in South-East Queensland’ by Burnham and Chong (2016)

Abstract: The approach taken by Burnham and Chong to explain the occurrence of Hendra virus incidents in Australia, while analytically valid, is compromised by erroneous and incomplete biological data underpinning the analyses. Firstly, they erroneously state the peak mating, pregnancy and birthing periods in black, grey-headed and little red flying-foxes, thus their related interpretations and conclusions are flawed. Secondly, the reported association between grey-headed flying-fox density and HeV incidents is at odds with recent findings suggesting grey-headed flying-foxes are an insubstantial host. While this broader epidemiological perspective was not within their stated aims, it is appropriate that it be canvassed in discussion of their geo-spatial analyses given the level of horse-industry, public and media interest in Hendra virus and the potential for confusion and mixed messages regarding HeV exposure risk management. We suggest that a broader collaborative cross-disciplinary approach offers synergies that produce robust, real-world ‘one health’ outputs.
High-dimensional quantile mediation analysis with application to a birth cohort study of mother–newborn pairs

Abstract Motivation There has been substantial recent interest in developing methodology for high-dimensional mediation analysis. Yet, the majority of mediation statistical methods lean heavily on mean regression, which limits their ability to fully capture the complex mediating effects across the outcome distribution. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel approach for selecting and testing mediators throughout the full range of the outcome distribution spectrum. Results The proposed high-dimensional quantile mediation model provides a comprehensive insight into how potential mediators impact outcomes via their mediation pathways. This method’s efficacy is demonstrated through extensive simulations. The study presents a real-world data application examining the mediating effects of DNA methylation on the relationship between maternal smoking and offspring birthweight. Availability and implementation Our method offers a publicly available and user-friendly function qHIMA(), which can be accessed through the R package HIMA at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=HIMA.
MMR vaccination induces trained immunity via functional and metabolic reprogramming of γδ T cells

The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine protects against all-cause mortality in children, but the immunological mechanisms mediating these effects are poorly known. We systematically investigated whether MMR can induce long-term functional changes in innate immune cells, a process termed trained immunity, that could at least partially mediate this heterologous protection. In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 39 healthy adults received either the MMR vaccine or a placebo. Using single-cell RNA-Seq, we found that MMR caused transcriptomic changes in CD14+ monocytes and NK cells, but most profoundly in γδ T cells. Monocyte function was not altered by MMR vaccination. In contrast, the function of γδ T cells was markedly enhanced by MMR vaccination, with higher production of TNF and IFN-γ, as well as upregulation of cellular metabolic pathways. In conclusion, we describe a trained immunity program characterized by modulation of γδ T cell function induced by MMR vaccination.
Le Briançonnais, terrain exotique dans les Alpes?

Des arguments d'ordre stratigraphique, paleogeographique et geophysique (sismique profonde et tomographie) permettent de proposer un nouvel assemblage des masses continentales du domaine alpin. Les Alpes sont regardees comme une zone de collision entre les plaques europeenne, apulienne et iberique. Le domaine brianconnais est considere comme un terrain exotique ayant apartenu a la plaque iberique. A partir du Jurassique superieur, la peninsule brianconnaise va subir la meme derive que l'Espagne, sa separation de l'Europe entrainant l'ouverture de l'ocean valaisan a partir du Cretace inferieur. Le Brianconnais sera chevauche sur une portion plus septentrionale de la marge europeenne apres avoir ete separe de la plaque iberique a la hauteur de la Corse
10Be measurements in bedrock constrain erosion beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet margin

Glacial erosion is a key process driving landscape evolution, but it remains unclear what factors dictate the rate at which subglacial erosion occurs. Moreover, estimates of subglacial erosion that do not rely on sediment flux techniques are rare. Here, we present in situ 10Be measurements from bedrock surfaces in western Greenland with well‐constrained ice‐cover histories to quantify the erosion rate beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet margin during historical times. We calculate an abrasion rate of 0.72 ± 0.35 mm yr−1 and a likely total basin‐wide erosion rate (abrasion + quarrying) of ~1–1.8 mm yr−1, which are at least 1 order of magnitude higher than typical subglacial erosion rates in other polar landscapes. A compilation of published 10Be data suggests that the southwestern Greenland Ice Sheet acts as a particularly effective erosional agent within the broader Baffin Bay‐Greenland region over millennial to glacial‐interglacial timescales, suggestive of a basal ice sheet thermal regime controlled by regional climate.
B cell subsets contribute to myocardial protection by inducing neutrophil apoptosis after ischemia and reperfusion

A robust, sterile inflammation underlies myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (MIRI). Several subsets of B cells possess the immunoregulatory capacity that limits tissue damage, yet the role of B cells in MIRI remains elusive. Here, we sought to elucidate the contribution of B cells to MIRI by transient ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in B cell–depleted or –deficient mice. Following ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), regulatory B cells are rapidly recruited to the heart. B cell–depleted or –deficient mice exhibited exacerbated tissue damage, adverse cardiac remodeling, and an augmented inflammatory response after I/R. Rescue and chimeric experiments indicated that the cardioprotective effect of B cells was not solely dependent on IL-10. Coculture experiments demonstrated that B cells induced neutrophil apoptosis through contact-dependent interactions, subsequently promoting reparative macrophage polarization by facilitating the phagocytosis of neutrophils by macrophages. The in vivo cardioprotective effect of B cells was undetectable in the absence of neutrophils after I/R. Mechanistically, ligand-receptor imputation identified FCER2A as a potential mediator of interactions between B cells and neutrophils. Blocking FCER2A on B cells resulted in a reduction in the percentage of apoptotic neutrophils, contributing to the deterioration of cardiac remodeling. Our findings unveil a potential cardioprotective role of B cells in MIRI through mechanisms involving FCER2A, neutrophils, and macrophages.
2‐Deoxyglucose and hydroxychloroquine HPLC‐MS–MS analytical methods and pharmacokinetic interactions after oral co‐administration in male rats

Abstract Our previous work has shown a synergistic tumoricidal efficacy of combining the hexokinase (HK) inhibitor 2‐deoxyglucose (2‐DG) and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) through intraperitoneal injections on HK2‐addicted prostate cancers in animal models. The pharmacokinetic (PK) behaviors of these oral drugs after simultaneous oral administration have not been reported. We developed high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS–MS) analytical methods for 2‐DG and the clinically favored drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for sera samples. Using a jugular vein‐cannulated male rat model with serial blood collection before and after a single gavage dose of each drug alone or in combination, we examined their PK metrics for drug–drug interactions. The data demonstrated a rapid and complete separation of 2‐DG from common monosaccharides by HPLC‐MS–MS multi‐reaction monitoring. Application of the HPLC‐MS–MS 2‐DG and HCQ methods to sera samples of nine rats showed a peak time (T max) for 2‐DG of 0.5 h after 2‐DG alone or with HCQ and identical post‐peak half‐life of approximately 1 h. With a seemingly bi‐modal time course for HCQ, the T max for HCQ alone (1.2 h) was faster than that for the combination (2 h; p = .017). After combination dosing, the peak concentration (C max) and area under the curve (AUC0‐4h) of 2‐DG were decreased by 53.8% (p = .0004) and 53.7% (p = .0001), whereas AUC0‐8h for HCQ was decreased by 30.8% (p = .0279) from the respective single dosing. Without changing the mean residence time (MRT0‐∞) of each drug, the combination affected the apparent volume of distribution (V d) and clearance (CL) of 2‐DG, and CL for HCQ without affecting its V d. We observed significant negative PK interactions, probably at the intestinal absorption level, between 2‐DG and HCQ taken simultaneously by mouth. Future optimization efforts are warranted for their combination regimen for clinical translation.
The association between internet addiction and sleep quality among medical students in Saudi Arabia

Abstract Background Sleep is one of the fundamental human needs, essential for maintaining a high quality of life and mental and physical well-being across all age groups. Poor sleep quality often stems from negative lifestyle habits, including excessive internet usage. Therefore, it is important to determine the prevalence of internet gaming disorder among youth in Saudi Arabia and to examine the relationship between internet addiction levels and sleep quality. Methods Data were collected from 338 medical students in the southern region of Saudi Arabia (mean age = 21.2 years, standard deviation = 3.29 years). Participants completed an online questionnaire comprising the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis employed iterations, chi-square tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, and ANOVA. Results The results revealed that 21% of the participants exhibited severe internet addiction, while 31% displayed moderate internet addiction. Furthermore, the findings indicated a positive correlation between sleep quality and the severity of internet addiction. Sleep quality symptoms explained 75% of the variance in Internet addiction scores, even after controlling for demographic variables. Additional bivariate analyses revealed that individuals who spent six or more hours online daily were more likely to experience symptoms of poor sleep quality and exhibit a higher severity of internet addiction. Additionally, Men were more susceptible to developing internet addiction compared to women. Moreover, students with internet addiction tended to have lower academic achievements. Conclusion These findings, while exploratory, offer valuable insights into potential interventions, strategies, and programs for mitigating internet addiction and enhancing sleep quality among medical college students.
Impact of Spatial Discretization of Hydrologic Models on Spatial Distribution of Nonpoint Source Pollution Hotspots

AbstractThe soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) was used to investigate the effects of hydrologic response unit (HRU) thresholds (0–20%) on predictions of multiple variables by calibrated and uncalibrated models in a 10.4-km2 urban watershed in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic region. Surface runoff, discharge, sediment yield, and nutrient yield were simulated in stream and on land, and used to spatially identify hotspots for each constituent. SWAT2012 was able to produce accurate discharge and nitrogen estimates that were not sensitive to HRU thresholds. HRU thresholds significantly affected sediment and phosphorus predictions in calibrated and uncalibrated models. Constituent hotspots identified by an uncalibrated model with a 0% HRU threshold were found to be acceptable for the urban watershed under study, except for sediment. Hotspots identified with calibrated models, with HRU thresholds of 5% or less, fit with the identification of on-land sediment and nutrient hotspots. These findings suggest that researche.
Factors Influencing Compliance to Follow-up Visits in Orthopaedic Surgery

Background: Orthopaedic procedures require postoperative follow-up to maximize recovery. Missed appointments and noncompliance can result in complications and increased healthcare costs. This study investigates the relationship between patient postoperative visit attendance and the distance traveled to receive care. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of all surgeries performed by a single orthopaedic surgeon in 2019 at level 1 trauma center in a midsized city serving a largely rural population was completed. We excluded patients who underwent another subsequent procedure. Distance to care and time traveled were determined by the patient's address and the clinic address using Google Maps Application Programming Interface. Other variables that may affect attendance at follow-up visits were also collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done with purposeful selection. Results: We identified 518 patients of whom 32 (6%) did not attend their first scheduled follow-up appointment. An additional 47 (10%) did not attend their second follow-up. In total, 79 patients (15%) did not attend one of their appointments. Younger age, male sex, Black or African American race, self-pay, Medicaid insurance, accident insurance, and increased distance were individual predictors of missing an appointment. In the final multivariate logistic regression model, male sex (OR 1.74), Black or African American race (OR 2.78), self-pay (OR 3.12), Medicaid (OR 3.05), and traveling more than 70 miles to clinic (OR 2.02) markedly predicted missing an appointment, while workers' compensation (OR 0.23) predicted attendance. Discussion: Several nonmodifiable patient factors predict patient noncompliance in attending orthopaedic postoperative visits. When patients are considered at high risk of being lost to follow-up, there may be an opportunity to implement interventions to improve follow-up rate and patient outcomes, minimize patient costs, and maximize profitability for the hospital.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SAPONIN DENGAN DOSIS BERBEDA TERHADAP MORTALITAS IKAN KAKAP PUTIH (Lates calcalifer)

<p align="center"><span><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRACT</span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span> </span>This study was conducted to determine the effect of saponin with different doses on mortality of white snapper (Lates calcalifer). The study was conducted on 18 to 31 July 2017 at the Center for Sea Aquaculture Development (BBPBL) Pesawaran District, Lampung. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included, treatment A (3 ppm), B treatment (5 ppm), C treatment (7 ppm), and D treatment (9 ppm). The results showed that administration of saponin with different doses gave a very significant effect on mortality of white snapper (F count> F table). The fastest time of death can be in treatment D (9 ppm) that is 45 minutes, followed by treatment of C (7 ppm) that is 74.6 minutes, then treatment B (5 ppm) is 91 minutes and longest time of death in treatment A ( 3 ppm) ie 128.6 minutes. The water quality of the research media is still feasible for the medium of snapper maintenance ie temperature 290 C, salinity 33 ppt, pH 7.82-8,10, DO 5,6-6,4, ammonia 0,11-0,13 ppm </span></span></p><p><span><span><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-size: medium;">Keywords: White snapper, dose of saponin, mortality<span> </span></span></span></p>
Assessment of second primary malignancies among treated and untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia using real-world data from the USA

Aim: Improved management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has resulted in a growing population of CLL survivors; these patients have a higher risk of developing second primary malignancies (SPMs) versus the general population. This retrospective cohort study aims to assess the timing, frequency, incidence and types of SPMs in treated and untreated patients with CLL in the USA, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Medicare database, which links a nationally representative cancer registry with Medicare claims data. Patients & methods: Patients aged ≥66 years with newly diagnosed CLL between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2016, who were enrolled in Parts A and B of Medicare for ≥12 months pre-diagnosis of CLL were selected from the database. Patients were assessed for ≥36 months until the end of continuous enrollment in Medicare Parts A, B and D, a switch to a health maintenance organization, death, or end of the study period (December 2019). Results: Of 3053 patients included in the analyses, 620 (20.3%) were treated and 2433 (79.7%) were untreated within 36 months of diagnosis. Overall, 638 (20.9%) patients developed a SPM, 26.8% of patients in the treated cohort and 19.4% of patients in the untreated cohort. The most common SPMs for both cohorts were squamous cell carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia. Among the 166 treated patients who developed a SPM, a greater proportion developed their first SPM after treatment initiation versus those who developed their first SPM prior to treatment initiation (p < 0.001). A significantly lower percentage of patients who received targeted therapy developed a SPM (p < 0.05) versus patients treated with anti-CD20 + chemotherapy. Conclusion: Findings indicate that treatment type and timing can affect SPM development in patients with CLL. Combined with previous findings, this can help inform best practices in monitoring for SPM in patients with CLL.
The Trophic Status of an Amazonian Estuary Under Anthropogenic Pressure (Brazil)

ABSTRACT Monteiro, M.C. ; Pereira, L.C. C. , and Jiménez, J.A. , 2016. The trophic status of an Amazon estuary under anthropic pressure (Brazil). In: Vila-Concejo, A. ; Bruce, E. ; Kennedy, D.M. , and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 75, pp. XX-XX. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The effects of the anthropogenic process on the trophic status of the Caeté estuary (located 150 km southwest of the Amazon delta) were undertaken under different climate conditions. To do this, oceanographic data were carried out, covering the dry season of 2010 (August–December: rainfall 363 mm), and the wet (January–July, rainfall 2483 mm) and dry seasons of 2011 (August–October, rainfall 135 mm). During the dry season (2010 and 2011) the mean discharge of the Caeté River was less than 20.0 m3 s−1, while, during the wet season, the mean discharge increased to 73.6 m3 s−1. Tidal ranges oscillated between 2.2 and 3.8 m, and current speeds varied from 0.6 and 0.7 m s−1 in both seasons (wet and dry). Salinity (under 3.0) and pH (under 6.0) were typical of fluvial systems. Turbidity (up to 150 NTU), dissolved oxygen (6.7 mg L−1) and dissolved nutrient (nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate, but not ammonium) concentrations reached their maximum levels during the dry season, when the runoff decreased. The high chlorophyll a concentrations (values of up to 10.0 mg m−3) were typical of environments with high levels of primary productivity. According to the trophic index (TRIX), the waters of the Caeté estuary were characterized by moderate levels of eutrophication and good water quality during the wet season, shifting to high levels of eutrophication and bad water quality during the dry season. A comparative analysis indicates that eutrophication is less intense during neap tides in comparison with spring tides.
Association between change in cardiorespiratory fitness and prostate cancer incidence and mortality in 57 652 Swedish men.

OBJECTIVES To examine the associations between changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in adulthood and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS In this prospective study, men who completed an occupational health profile assessment including at least two valid submaximal CRF tests, performed on a cycle ergometer, were included in the study. Data on prostate cancer incidence and mortality were derived from national registers. HRs and CIs were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression with inverse probability treatment weights of time-varying covariates. RESULTS During a mean follow-up time of 6.7 years (SD 4.9), 592 (1%) of the 57 652 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and 46 (0.08%) died with prostate cancer as the primary cause of death. An increase in absolute CRF (as % of L/min) was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer incidence (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99) but not mortality, in the fully adjusted model. When participants were grouped as having increased (+3%), stable (±3%) or decreased (-3%) CRF, those with increased fitness also had a reduced risk of prostate cancer incidence compared with those with decreased fitness (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.86), in the fully adjusted model. CONCLUSION In this study of employed Swedish men, change in CRF was inversely associated with risk of prostate cancer incidence, but not mortality. Change in CRF appears to be important for reducing the risk of prostate cancer.