Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prévalence des manifestations rhumatologiques apparues sous immunothérapie anticancéreuse et corrélation à la réponse tumorale : une étude prospective monocentrique

Objectif : determiner la prevalence et le type d’immune-related adverse events (irAEs) rhumatologiques apparus sous inhibiteurs de checkpoint immunitaire (ICIs), ainsi que la correlation avec la reponde tumorale. Methodes: Nous avons realise une etude monocentrique prospective observationnelle incluant tous les patients atteints de cancer traites par ICIs. L’apparition des irAEs et la reponse tumorale etaient rapportees. Les patients developpant des atteintes rhumatologiques etaient adresses au service de rhumatologie pour evaluation et prise en charge. Resultats: de septembre 2015 a mai 2017, 524 patients ont recu des ICIs et 35 patients ont ete adresses en rhumatologie (6.6%). Tous les irAEs rhumatologiques sont survenus au cours d’un traitement par anti PD-1/PDL1, a l’exception d’un patient, avec un temps d’exposition moyen de 70 jours. Il existait deux presentations cliniques distinctes: 1) arthrite inflammatoire a type de polyarthrite rhumatoide (PR) (n=7), de pseudo polyarthrite rhizomelique (n=11) ou de rhumatisme psoriasique (n=2), et 2) manifestations rhumatologiques non inflammatoires (n=15). Un seul patient avec PR avait des Ac anti CCP. Dix-neuf patients ont ete traites par corticoides avec une dose moyenne de 17 mg/j et deux patients ont recu du methotrexate. Les manifestations non inflammatoires ont ete traitees avec des AINS, des antalgiques simples ou bien par kinesitherapie. L’immunotherapie a pu etre poursuivie chez tous les patients sauf un. Les patients avec irAEs rhumatologiques avaient une meilleure reponse tumorale par rapport a ceux sans irAEs rhumatologiques (85.7% versus 35.3%; p<0.0001). Conclusions: devant l’augmentation croissante de l’utilisation des ICIs, la comprehension des irAEs et de leur prise en charge est primordiale. Tous les patients ont repondu a des doses moderees de corticoides ou a des traitements symptomatiques, et n’ont pas necessite d’arret de l’immunotherapie, d’autant plus que le taux de reponse tumorale etait significativement plus important chez les patients developpant des irAEs rhumatologiques.
Volatile fingerprinting of ripened cheese for authentication and characterisation of different dairy systems

Abstract Authentication of dairy systems is of growing interest for the dairy industry and we investigated the potentiality of using volatile fingerprinting of ripened cheeses by proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A total of 1,075 individual model cheeses made from milk of individual Brown Swiss cows of 72 farms were analysed. Using a linear discriminant analysis, cows and herds were assigned to 3 or 5 dairy systems differing in management, available facilities, and diets. We obtained variable discrimination abilities (up to 77% of correct classification of cheeses and 70% of farms with cross-validation). We found m/z 61,028 (acetic acid), 109,070 (pyrazine), and m/z 137,132 (terpene) characterising model cheeses from traditional dairy systems and m/z 71,086 (3-methyl-butan-1-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, pentan-1-ol), m/z 101,097 (hexan-2-one, hexanal), m/z 123,117 (nonenal), m/z 129,127 (octan-1-one, octanal), and two unidentified peaks m/z 83,071 and m/z 93,090 characterising model cheeses from the modern farms. In conclusion, it seems possible to discriminate between a range of dairy systems using fast volatile fingerprinting of ripened cheeses but a proper validation of results obtained is needed. Highlights Mass spectrometry technique (PTR-ToF-MS) was able to discriminate between dairy systems. We found m/z 61,028 (acetic acid), 109,070 (pyrazine), and m/z 137,132 (terpene) characterising model cheeses from traditional dairy systems. We found m/z 71,086 (3-methyl-butan-1-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, pentan-1-ol), m/z 101,097 (hexan-2-one, hexanal), m/z 123,117 (nonenal), m/z 129,127 (octan-1-one, octanal), and two unidentified peaks m/z 83,071 and m/z 93,090 characterising model cheeses from the modern farms.
Static and dynamic aspects of cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity are associated with self-reported measures of impulsivity: A resting-state fMRI study

Converging evidence from human and animal studies predict a possible role of the cerebellum in impulsivity. However, this hypothesis has not been thoroughly investigated within the framework of functional connectivity (FC). To address this issue, we employed resting-state fMRI data and two self-reports of impulsivity (UPPS-P and BIS/BAS) from a large group of healthy young individuals (N=134). We identified cerebral and cerebellar resting-state networks, and evaluated the association of static (strength) and dynamic (temporal variability) aspects of cerebro-cerebellar FC with different elements of self-reported impulsivity. Our results revealed that the behavioral inhibition and approach systems (BIS/BAS) were inversely associated with basal ganglia-cerebellar and fronto-cerebellar FC strength, respectively. In addition, we found that lack of premeditation was inversely associated with the temporal variability of FC between the cerebellum and top-down control networks that included sub-regions of the prefrontal cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex. Moreover, we found that sensation seeking was associated with the temporal variability of FC between the cerebellum and networks that included cortical control regions and sub-cortical reward regions: the basal ganglia and the thalamus. Together, these findings indicate that the cerebellum may contribute to different forms of impulsivity through its connections to large-scale control and reward networks.
Ever-breastfed status and health at birth.

Researchers analyzed Demographic and Health Surveys data on singleton infants born between January 1981 and the end of 1986 in Peru and the Dominican Republic to examine the relations among health of these infants at birth breast-feeding initiation and infant survival. Mothers breast feed 92% and 89.7% of newborns in Peru and the Dominican Republic respectively Low birth weight (LBW) and premature infants were 2-4 times more likely to have never been breast fed than were normal weight and full-term infants. Infants who were never breast fed were 5-5.5 times more likely to die in the 1st year after birth than breast-fed infants particularly during the neonatal period. Yet mothers successfully breast fed some LBW or premature infants who lived while mothers did not breast feed some normal weight or full-term infants who died in the neonatal period. Mothers never breast fed a considerable number of infants who had a normal birth weight and were not premature due to ill health or death. Even when the researchers controlled for birth weight and prematurity status a sizable excess mortality for never-breast-fed infants remained. The leading Dominican Republic 73% of mothers who cited death as the reason for not breast feeding had an infant who dies in the 1st week of life. In addition 19% who mentioned death as the reason for not breast feeding had infants who died between 2-4 weeks. These figures for Peru were 71% and 13% respectively. These results led the researchers to conclude that birth weight and prematurity status alone are not precise controls for health characteristics that affect both breast-feeding initiation and survival chances.
Kualitas Tidur Pasien Kanker Payudara Berdasarkan Terapi yang Diberikan di RSUP DR. Hasan Sadikin Bandung

ABSTRAK Tidur berkualitas dibutuhkan oleh pasien kanker payudara agar kondisi dan daya tahan tubuh dapat dipertahankan optimal. Pada saat tidur sel yang rusak dapat diperbaiki. Perawat harus memfasilitasi kebutuhan tersebut dan harus mengetahui kualitas tidur pasien dengan terapi yang berbeda, sebagai dasar perencanaan asuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meggambarkan kondisi kualitas tidur pasien yang sedang menjalankan terapi di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik consecutive sampling (n=31). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Kualitas tidur dikatakan baik bila skor total ≤ 5, dan kualitas tidur buruk bila skor total > 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden (100%) memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk. Komponen yang paling banyak berkontribusi dalam penilaian tersebut adalah latensi tidur, durasi tidur, efisiensi kebiasaan tidur, dan disfungsi siang hari. Kualitas tidur terburuk dengan skor 18 terjadi pada responden yang menjalani radioterapi dengan mastektomi (2 orang) dan responden stadium lanjut (3 orang). Kesimpulan, bahwa terapi pengobatan yang dijalani dan kondisi kanker berkontribusi terhadap kualitas tidur pasien kanker payudara. Sejak pasien masuk perawat harus mengkaji kebutuhan tidur, menggali masalah kesulitan tidur, menjelaskan pengaruh tidur terhadap perbaikan sel, dan memberikan informasi tentang cara tidur berkualitas kepada pasien dan keluarganya untuk setting rumah sakit dan di rumah. Rumah Sakit harus memfasilitasi kebutuhan pasien agar tidak terganggu saat tertidur selama dalam perawatan. ABSTRACT Deep sleep is needed by breast cancer patients to maintain health quality optimally. During that time the damaged cells can be repair. Nurses should facilitate the need and should know the sleep quality as the basis for nursing care. This study aims to describe sleep quality of breast cancer patients with the treatmen at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. This research uses quantitative descriptive method with consecutive sampling technique (n = 31). Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Sleep quality was good when the total score ≤5. Sleep quality was poor when the total score >5. The results show that all respondents (100%) had poor sleep quality. The components which contribute to the condition were sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction. The worst score sleep quality was 18 which occurred on mastectomy patient with radiotherapy (2) and advanced stage patients (3). To conclude that treatment for cancer contribute to sleep quality of breast cancer patients. Nurses should assess the needs of sleep, explore the problem of sleeping difficulties, explain the effect of sleep on cell repair, and provide information about getting a good sleep at the hospital or home settings. Hospital should facilitate the infrastructure to full fill tne need.
Methods for analysing lineage tracing datasets

Motivation A single population of stem cells maintains many epithelial tissues. A mathematical model of this tissue maintenance requires three parameters to describe the growth dynamics observed in transgenic mouse cell tracking- a division rate, a stratification rate, and the probability of dividing symmetrically. Deriving these parameters is time intensive and the results highly sensitive to biological variation. Results We compare the alternative strategies for analyzing experimental data, identifying an approximate Bayesian computation- based approach as the best in terms of efficiency and appropriate error estimation. All tested solutions are made available to allow new datasets to be analysed following our workflows. Based on our findings we make recommendations for future experimental design. Availability All code is made available as python notebooks under the MIT license. Contact bh418@mrc-cu.cam. ac.uk, pj3@sanger.ac.uk
Impact of environmental law enforcement on deforestation, land use and natural regeneration in the Brazilian Amazon

The control of tropical forest loss presents one of the greatest environmental challenges of all time. In this context, Brazil has adopted policies during the past decade or so that have sharply reduced Amazon forest loss, a globally recognized mitigation initiative. A strong combination of different policies and actors have made this achievement possible, and environmental law enforcement is thought by some to have played a key role. Despite all these advances, it is still important and necessary to better understand where, how, and under what conditions, law enforcement has been most effective, considering an economic model of crime where the aim of law enforcement was to increase deterrence and thereby behaviour change. So, this study draws on a spatial cross-sectional methodological approach, to address whether environmental law enforcement operations on the ground, alone or in combination with other drivers, may have influenced rates of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon for the period 2004-2014. The results confirmed the important influence of law enforcement along with other factors on reduction of forest loss. However, there are some administrative limitations to tackling law enforcement, as a shift and modernization of the environmental police strategy is imperative to face the new challenges, and the appropriate implementation of CAR policy will be crucial. This must be combined with a basket of initiatives to value the forests and support alternatives for a more balanced development, with a virtuous combination of low carbon agriculture and the maintenance of the natural assets with the appropriate compensation for that, like REDD and/or payments for ecosystem services.
Use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for mark-resight nesting population estimation of adult female green sea turtles at Raine Island

Nester abundance is a key measure of the performance of the world’s largest green turtle rookery at Raine Island, Australia. Abundance surveys have been undertaken in waters adjacent to Raine Island reef using mark-resight counts by surface observer (SO), underwater video (UWV) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (since 1984, 2013 and 2016 respectively). UAV and UWV may provide more cost-effective and less biased alternatives, but estimates must be comparable with the historical estimates. Here we compare the three methods. The relative likelihood of resighting a marked turtle was significantly higher by SO than the other methods, which led to lower mark-resight population estimates than by UAV or UWV. Most (96%) variation in resighting probabilities was associated with survey period, with comparatively little variation between consecutive days of sampling or time of day. This resulted in preliminary correction factors of 1.53 and 1.73 from SO-UWV and SO-UAV, respectively. However, the SO and UWV estimates were the most similar when turtle densities were the lowest, suggesting that correction factors need to take into account turtle density and that more data are required. We hypothesise that the UAV and UWV methods improved detection rates of marked turtles because they allowed subsequent review and frame-by-frame analysis, thus reducing observer search error. UAVs were the most efficient in terms of survey time, personnel commitment and weather tolerance compared to the SO and UWV methods. This study indicates that using UAVs for in-water mark-resight turtle abundance estimation is an efficient and accurate method that can provide an accurate adjustment for historical abundance estimates. Underwater video may continue to be useful as a backup alternative to UAV surveys.
Vegetative propagation of
 Solidago canadensis
 – do fragment size and burial depth matter?

Clonal species may benefit from human disturbance because their vegetative fragments may be distributed via soil. Solidago canadensis is an invasive rhizomatous perennial frequently found in ruderal environments. When creating new infrastructure, digging and cutting are two main factors that may influence the spread of S. canadensis into new areas. To have a better understanding of the invasive potential of S. canadensis, we investigated whether S. canadensis was able to survive and grow from stem cuttings as well as from rhizomes. Rhizomes and cuttings were collected from three populations in Eastern Norway. The rhizomes and cuttings were planted in a pot experiment to assess their vegetative ability to propagate. Rhizome fragments (5 and 10 cm long) were buried at 0.5, 10 and 30 cm depths. The cuttings were planted as 15 cm stems, with the bottom 5 cm pushed into the soil. The results showed that rhizome length did not have an effect on survival. Although some sprouting occurred at all burial depths, increasing depth had a negative effect on rhizome survival. In general, development of the cuttings was good, but there were differences between population performance and survival. These results imply that care must be taken when (i) constructing new sites, because digging and transport of soil masses may spread S. canadensis into new areas by rhizomes or cuttings, and (ii) mowing road verges and other ruderal areas to prevent the spread of stem cuttings from one area to another.
Practices of biological soil crust rehabilitation in China: experiences and challenges

Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are a central component of dryland ecosystems. However, they are highly vulnerable to disturbance and natural recovery may be slow. Therefore, finding ways to enhance the reestablishment of biocrusts after disturbance has been of great interest to researchers. This article provides a review of the laboratory cultivation and field inoculations of biocrust materials in China (mostly published in Chinese). Larger filamentous cyanobacteria (e.g. Microcoleus) are relatively easy, although slow, to grow in culture compared to other biocrust components. Thus, most researchers have focused their efforts on the cyanobacteria and a few species of mosses that are also easily grown but at smaller scale. For all the studies, a small amount of biocrust material was collected and its biomass enhanced under controlled conditions. However, the enhancement was done using various methods and techniques in different regions. These materials were then applied to disturbed field sites, again with various methods. Results show that keeping the inoculated soil surface wet for some time period after inoculation was crucial for restoration success. Cyanobacterial establishment was improved by installing automatic sprinkling using micro‐irrigation techniques and/or physical structures that reduced sediment moving onto the inoculated area. Experimental applications in China showed that cyanobacteria can be successfully inoculated at a large scale (hundreds of ha). Moss inoculation, on the other hand, was only accomplished at a small scale (several m2). To assess whether biocrust restoration can enhance the establishment of a self‐supporting ecosystem, further research is needed on how inoculation affects vegetation diversity and structure and ecological processes.
AWARENESS OF HEALTH EFFECTS FROM SKIN WHITENING PRODUCT USAGE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: Skin whitening products are widely used and increasing in demand. However, some of the users are unaware about the health effect of some of the products. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine user awareness of health effects from skin whitening applications. Materials and Methods: This study was a systematic review conducted from February 2018 to May 2018. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were used to facilitate the article search process. Articles published between January 2013 and December 2017 were searched using six search engines: Google Scholar, Ovid, EBSCOhost, Scopus, PubMed and Wiley. A total of 19 academic articles fulfilled the selection criteria. Result: A significant fraction of the studies were conducted in African countries (42.0%). The prevalence of skin whitening practices among respondents ranged from 2.6 to 71.9%. The definition of user awareness regarding the adverse effects of skin whitening varied between studies, but the awareness frequency ranged from 2.0% to 79.1%. The prevalence of side effects ranged from 17.0% to 34.9%. Four themes were synthesised after extensive review: health beliefs, health authority, consumer behaviour and the need for social recognition. Conclusion: The demand for skin whitening has increased over time, so the public health authority should closely monitor the whitening industry to safeguard the health of the Malaysian population. Keywords: Skin whitening, skin lightening, skin bleaching, awareness, perception, safety, side effect, health effect.
Asymptotics and optimal bandwidth for nonparametric estimation of density level sets

Bandwidth selection is crucial in the kernel estimation of density level sets. A risk based on the symmetric difference between the estimated and true level sets is usually used to measure their proximity. In this paper we provide an asymptotic $L^p$ approximation to this risk, where $p$ is characterized by the weight function in the risk. In particular the excess risk corresponds to an $L^2$ type of risk, and is adopted to derive an optimal bandwidth for nonparametric level set estimation of $d$-dimensional density functions ($d\geq 1$). A direct plug-in bandwidth selector is developed for kernel density level set estimation and its efficacy is verified in numerical studies.
Numerical simulations of droplet evaporation in a SCR system submodel with hot air flow

This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of liquid droplet evaporation in a hot air flow in a submodel which is created in conformity with a real life application in a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system. Simulations of droplet evaporation processes in the SCR system are complex, so it was necessary to create a submodel to verify the stability of the evaporation model in ANSYS Fluent CFD code. Evaporation is a complex process which happens even below the evaporation point, but once the temperature of the liquid reaches this point the process becomes a lot faster. Simulations are made with AdBlue® which is a liquid made of urine and water. The simulation results are compared with available experiments and show that the applied method for droplet evaporation is suitable. These successful results mean that the next step is the application of this model to a complete SCR system.This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of liquid droplet evaporation in a hot air flow in a submodel which is created in conformity with a real life application in a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system. Simulations of droplet evaporation processes in the SCR system are complex, so it was necessary to create a submodel to verify the stability of the evaporation model in ANSYS Fluent CFD code. Evaporation is a complex process which happens even below the evaporation point, but once the temperature of the liquid reaches this point the process becomes a lot faster. Simulations are made with AdBlue® which is a liquid made of urine and water. The simulation results are compared with available experiments and show that the applied method for droplet evaporation is suitable. These successful results mean that the next step is the application of this model to a complete SCR system.
A modified grey wolf optimizer for improving wind plant energy production

The main problem of existing wind plant nowadays is that the optimum controller of single turbine degrades the total energy production of wind farm when it is located in a large wind plant. This is owing to its greedy control policy that can not cope with turbulence effect between turbines. This paper proposes a Modified Grey Wolf Optimizer (M-GWO) to improvise the controller parameter of an array of turbines such that the total energy production of wind plant is increased. The modification employed to the original GWO is in terms of the updated mechanism. This modification is expected to improve the variation of exploration and exploitation rates while avoiding the premature convergence condition. The effectiveness of the M-GWO is applied to maximize energy production of a row of ten turbines. The model of the wind plant is derived based on the real Horns Rev wind plant in Denmark. The statistical performance analysis shows that the M-GWO provides the highest total energy production as compared to the standard GWO, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Safe Experimentation Dynamics (SED) methods.