Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement of total and differential cross sections of neutrino and antineutrino coherent 
π±
 production on carbon

Author(s): Mislivec, A; Higuera, A; Aliaga, L; Bellantoni, L; Bercellie, A; Betancourt, M; Bodek, A; Bravar, A; Budd, H; Caceres V. , GFR; Cai, T; Martinez Caicedo, DA; Carneiro, MF; Chavarria, E; da Motta, H; Dytman, SA; Diaz, GA; Felix, J; Fields, L; Fine, R; Gago, AM; Galindo, R; Gallagher, H; Ghosh, A; Gran, R; Harris, DA; Hurtado, K; Jena, D; Kleykamp, J; Kordosky, M; Le, T; Maher, E; Manly, S; Mann, WA; Marshall, CM; McFarland, KS; Messerly, B; Miller, J; Morfin, JG; Mousseau, J; Naples, D; Nelson, JK; Nguyen, C; Norrick, A; Nuruzzaman; Paolone, V; Perdue, GN; Ramirez, MA; Ransome, RD; Ray, H; Ren, L; Rimal, D; Rodrigues, PA; Ruterbories, D; Schellman, H; Solano Salinas, CJ; Sultana, M; Sanchez Falero, S; Tagg, N; Valencia, E; Wospakrik, M; Yaeggy, B; Zavala, G | Abstract: Neutrino induced coherent charged pion production on nuclei, $\overline{\nu}_\mu A\to\mu^\pm\pi^\mp A$, is a rare inelastic interaction in which the four-momentum squared transfered to the nucleus is nearly zero, leaving it intact. We identify such events in the scintillator of MINERvA by reconstructing |t| from the final state pion and muon momenta and by removing events with evidence of energetic nuclear recoil or production of other final state particles. We measure the total neutrino and antineutrino cross sections as a function of neutrino energy between 2 and 20 GeV and measure flux integrated differential cross sections as a function of $Q^2$, $E_\pi$ and $\theta_\pi$. The $Q^2$ dependence and equality of the neutrino and anti-neutrino cross-sections at finite $Q^2$ provide a confirmation of Adler's PCAC hypothesis.
Cosmological dynamics of scalar–tensor gravity

We study the phase space of Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) models derived from scalar–tensor gravity where the non-minimal coupling is F(ϕ) = ξϕ2 and the effective potential is V(ϕ) = λϕn. Our analysis allows one to unfold many features of the cosmology of this class of theories. For example, the evolution mechanism towards states indistinguishable from GR is recovered and proved to depend critically on the form of the potential V(ϕ). Also, transient almost-Friedmann phases evolving towards accelerated expansion and unstable inflationary phases evolving towards stable ones are found. Some of our results are shown to hold also for the string–dilaton action.
Bremsstrahlung photons from the bare surface of a strange quark star

The photon emissivity from the bremsstrahlung process ee-> ee\gamma occuring in the electrosphere at the bare surface of a strange quark star is calculated. For surface temperatures T<10^9K, the photon flux exceeds that of e+e- pairs that are produced via the Schwinger mechanism in the presence of a strong electric field that binds electrons to the surface of the quark star. The average energy of photons emitted from the bremsstrahlung process can be 0.5 MeV or more, which is larger than that in e+e- pair annihilation. The observation of this distinctive photon spectrum would constitute an unmistakable signature of a strange quark star and shed light on color superconductivity at stellar densities.
Constraining warm dark matter candidates including sterile neutrinos and light gravitinos with WMAP and the Lyman-{alpha} forest

The matter power spectrum at comoving scales of $(1\ensuremath{-}40){h}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Mpc}$ is very sensitive to the presence of Warm Dark Matter (WDM) particles with large free-streaming lengths. We present constraints on the mass of WDM particles from a combined analysis of the matter power spectrum inferred from the large samples of high-resolution high signal-to-noise Lyman-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ forest data of Kim et al. (2004) and Croft et al. (2002) and the cosmic microwave background data of WMAP. We obtain a lower limit of ${m}_{\mathrm{WDM}}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}550\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$ ($2\ensuremath{\sigma}$) for early decoupled thermal relics and ${m}_{\mathrm{WDM}}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}2.0\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$ ($2\ensuremath{\sigma}$) for sterile neutrinos. We also investigate the case where in addition to cold dark matter a light thermal gravitino with fixed effective temperature contributes significantly to the matter density. In that case the gravitino density is proportional to its mass, and we find an upper limit ${m}_{3/2}\ensuremath{\lesssim}16\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$ ($2\ensuremath{\sigma}$). This translates into a bound on the scale of supersymmetry breaking, ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{\mathrm{susy}}\ensuremath{\lesssim}260\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$, for models of supersymmetric gauge mediation in which the gravitino is the lightest supersymmetric particle.
Transient two‐layer thin‐film flow

The transient two‐layer thin‐film planar flow is investigated theoretically in this study. The interplay among inertia, viscous and surface/interfacial tension is emphasized. It is found that the film and interface profiles, as well as the flow field, are strongly influenced by the viscosity ratio, velocity and film thickness ratios at inception, and the surface‐to‐interfacial tension ratio. The nonlinear stability of the steady state reveals the formation of a solitary wave after flow inception, which propagates in the form of a convective instability, with the steady state recovered only in the tail (upstream) region of the wave. In the presence of surface/interfacial tension, surface modulation appears, which grows in wavelength and amplitude with position. The flow is found to be particularly stable for higher viscosity of the lower film layer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A next-generation LHC heavy-ion experiment

The present document discusses plans for a compact, next-generation multi-purpose detector at the LHC as a follow-up to the present ALICE experiment. The aim is to build a nearly massless barrel detector consisting of truly cylindrical layers based on curved wafer-scale ultra-thin silicon sensors with MAPS technology, featuring an unprecedented low material budget of 0.05% X$_0$ per layer, with the innermost layers possibly positioned inside the beam pipe. In addition to superior tracking and vertexing capabilities over a wide momentum range down to a few tens of MeV/$c$, the detector will provide particle identification via time-of-flight determination with about 20~ps resolution. In addition, electron and photon identification will be performed in a separate shower detector. The proposed detector is conceived for studies of pp, pA and AA collisions at luminosities a factor of 20 to 50 times higher than possible with the upgraded ALICE detector, enabling a rich physics program ranging from measurements with electromagnetic probes at ultra-low transverse momenta to precision physics in the charm and beauty sector.
Quantum channels with memory

We present a general model for quantum channels with memory and show that it is sufficiently general to encompass all causal automata: any quantum process in which outputs up to some time $t$ do not depend on inputs at times ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}gt$ can be decomposed into a concatenated memory channel. We then examine and present different physical setups in which channels with memory may be operated for the transfer of (private) classical and quantum information. These include setups in which either the receiver or a malicious third party have control of the initializing memory. We introduce classical and quantum channel capacities for these settings and give several examples to show that they may or may not coincide. Entropic upper bounds on the various channel capacities are given. For forgetful quantum channels, in which the effect of the initializing memory dies out as time increases, coding theorems are presented to show that these bounds may be saturated. Forgetful quantum channels are shown to be open and dense in the set of quantum memory channels.
THE EFFECT OF JOB STRESS AND WORK FAMILY CONFLICT ON TURNOVER INTENTION MODERATED BY PERCEIVED ORGANIZATION SUPPORT

This study aims to determine the role of job stress and work-family conflict on turnover intention with perceived organizational support as a moderator. The subjects in this study were employees of PT. SR numbered 156 people. Data analysis using SEM PLS. The results of this study indicate that the effect of job stress on turnover intention has a positive and significant effect. Work-family conflict on turnover intention has a positive and significant effect. Perceived organization support weakens the effect of job stress on turnover intention. Perceived organization support weakens the effect of work family conflict on turnover intention. The implication of the study is that this study confirms the theoretical concept of social exchange theory, although in its implementation there are still things that need to be evaluated on the variables of job stress work family conflict, and perceived organization support. Companies need to pay attention to the implementation of job stress, work family conflict, and perceived organization support comprehensively, because they determine their effect on turnover intention. This study can also be used as a recommendation for a company to choose perceived organization support as a way to moderate the effect of job stress and work family conflict in weakening employee turnover intention.
Diversity of Galaxy Dust Attenuation Curves Drives the Scatter in the IRX–β Relation

We study the drivers of the scatter in the IR excess (IRX)–β relation using 23,000 low-redshift galaxies from the GALEX–SDSS–WISE Legacy Catalog 2 (GSWLC-2). For each galaxy, we derive, using CIGALE and the spectral energy distribution+LIR fitting technique, the slope of the dust attenuation curve and the strength of the UV bump, plus many other galaxy parameters. We find that the IRX–β scatter is driven entirely by a wide range of attenuation curves—primarily by their slopes. Once the slope and the UV bump are fixed, the scatter in the IRX–β relation vanishes. The question of the IRX–β scatter is a direct manifestation of the more fundamental question of the diversity of dust attenuation curves. The predominant role of the attenuation curve is the consequence of a narrow range of intrinsic UV slopes of star-forming (SF) galaxies. Galaxies with different specific star formation rates (sSFRs) or population ages do not show strong trends in the IRX–β diagram because their attenuation curves are, on average, similar. Similarly, there is no shift in the IRX–β locus between starbursts and normal SF galaxies, both types having, on average, steep attenuation curves. Optical opacity is identified as the strongest determinant of the attenuation curve slope and consequently of the IRX–β diversity. Despite the scatter, the use of an average IRX–β relation is justified to correct SFRs, adding a random error of ≲0.15 dex. The form of the local correspondence between IRX–β and attenuation curves is maintained at high redshifts as long as the evolution of the intrinsic UV slopes stays within a few tenths.
The long outburst of the black hole transient GRS 1716–249 observed in the X-ray and radio band

We present the spectral and timing analysis of X-ray observations performed on the Galactic black hole transient GRS 1716-249 during the 2016-2017 outburst. The source was almost continuously observed with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory from December 2016 until October 2017. The X-ray hardness ratio and timing evolution indicate that the source approached the soft state three times during the outburst, even though it never reached the canonical soft spectral state. Thus, GRS 1716-249 increases the number of black hole transients showing outbursts with "failed" state transition. During the softening events, XRT and BAT broadband spectral modeling, performed with thermal Comptonization plus a multicolor disc black-body, showed a photon index (Gamma 10%). We find that, coherently with a scenario in which the disc moves closer to the compact object, the accretion disc inner radius decreases with the increase of the inner disc temperature, until a certain point when the temperature starts to increase at constant radius. This, in addition with the spectral analysis results, suggests that either the accretion disc reached the innermost stable circular orbit during the hard intermediate state or the hot accretion flow might re-condensate in an inner mini-disc. We report on the radio observations performed during the outburst finding that GRS 1716-249 is located on the radio-quiet "outlier" branch of the radio/X-ray luminosity plane.
Inverse source problem in an anisotropic medium by boundary measurements

In this paper, we consider an inverse source problem for an anisotropic elliptic equation, from boundary measurements. A uniqueness result is established and a local Lipshitz stability, for a linear combination of monopolar and dipolar sources, is discussed. Assuming the number of dipoles bounded by a given integer M, we propose an algebraic algorithm which allows us to estimate the number, the locations and the moments of dipoles. Using special functions, we propose a global Lipschitz stability estimate for dipolar sources.
Climate communication: How researchers navigate between scientific truth and media publics

Recent attacks on scientific authority have intensified calls for climate scientists to seek out a more active stake in public engagement. Yet, today’s media landscape presents scientists with the challenge of gaining the epistemic trust of diverse audiences. This article qualitatively investigates how publicly engaged academic climate researchers imagine the public as they partake in various science communication practices. It finds that scientists’ strategies for securing public trust in their epistemic authority and defining their own public role vary with the media public they are addressing. Their communications reflect an oscillation between filling a “knowledge deficit” and communicating complex “truth tensions. ”
Planar two-loop five-gluon amplitudes from numerical unitarity

We present a calculation of the planar two-loop five-gluon amplitudes. The amplitudes are obtained in a variant of the generalized unitarity approach suitable for numerical computations, which we extend for use with finite field arithmetics. Employing a new method for the generation of unitarity-compatible integration-by-parts identities, all helicity amplitudes are reduced to a linear combination of master integrals for the first time. The approach allows us to compute exact values for the integral coefficients at rational phase-space points. All required master integrals are known analytically, and we obtain arbitrary-precision values for the amplitudes.
On the shape and evolution of a cosmic-ray-regulated galaxy-wide stellar initial mass function

In this paper, we present a new derivation of the shape and evolution of the integrated galaxy-wide initial mass function (IGIMF), incorporating explicitly the effects of cosmic rays (CRs) as regulators of the chemical and thermal state of the gas in the dense cores of molecular clouds. We predict the shape of the IGIMF as a function of star formation rate (SFR) and CR density, and show that it can be significantly different with respect to local estimates. In particular, we focus on the physical conditions corresponding to IGIMF shapes that are simultaneously shallower at high-mass end and steeper at the low-mass end than a Kroupa IMF. These solutions can explain both the levels of $\alpha$-enrichment and the excess of low-mass stars as a function of stellar mass, observed for local spheroidal galaxies. As a preliminary test of our scenario, we use idealized star formation histories to estimate the mean IMF shape for galaxies of different $z=0$ stellar mass. We show that the fraction of low-mass stars as a function of galaxy stellar mass predicted by these mean IMFs agrees with the values derived from high-resolution spectroscopic surveys.
Generating functional analysis of CDMA detection dynamics

We investigate the detection dynamics of the parallel interference canceller (PIC) for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) multiuser detection, applied to a randomly spread, fully synchronous base-band uncoded CDMA channel model with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) under perfect power control in the large-system limit. It is known that the predictions of the density evolution (DE) can fairly explain the detection dynamics only in the case where the detection dynamics converge. At transients, though, the predictions of DE systematically deviate from computer simulation results. Furthermore, when the detection dynamics fail to converge, the deviation of the predictions of DE from the results of numerical experiments becomes large. As an alternative, generating functional analysis (GFA) can take into account the effect of the Onsager reaction term exactly and does not need the Gaussian assumption of the local field. We present GFA to evaluate the detection dynamics of PIC for CDMA multiuser detection. The predictions of GFA exhibit good consistency with the computer simulation result for any condition, even if the dynamics fail to converge.
STRONG TUNNELING AND COULOMB BLOCKADE IN A SINGLE-ELECTRON TRANSISTOR

We have developed a detailed experimental study of a single-electron transistor in a strong tunneling regime. Although weakened by strong charge fluctuations, Coulomb effects were found to persist in all samples including one with the effective conductance 8 times higher than the quantum value (6.45 k$\Omega$)$^{-1}$. A good agreement between our experimental data and theoretical results for the strong tunneling limit is found. A reliable operation of transistors with conductances 3-4 times larger than the quantum value is demonstrated.
ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle hysics J Lensing substructure quantiﬁcation in RXJ1131-1231: a 2 keV lower bound on dark matter thermal relic mass

We study the substructure content of the strong gravitational lens RXJ1131-1231 through a forward modelling approach that relies on generating an extensive suite of realistic simulations. We use a semi-analytic merger tree prescription that allows us to stochastically generate substructure populations whose properties depend on the dark matter particle mass. These synthetic halos are then used as lenses to produce realistic mock images that have the same features, e.g. luminous arcs, quasar positions, instrumental noise and PSF, as the data. We then analyse the data and the simulations in the same way with summary statistics that are sensitive to the signal being targeted and are able to constrain models of dark matter statistically using Approximate Bayesian Computing (ABC) techniques. In this work, we focus on the thermal relic mass estimate and ﬁx the semi-analytic descriptions of the substructure evolution based on recent literature. We are able, based on the HST data for RXJ1131-1231, to rule out a warm dark matter thermal relic mass below 2 keV at the 2 σ conﬁdence level.
Fusion of Novelty Detectors Using Deep and Local Invariant Visual Features for Inspection Task

In this study, a novel framework using multiple novelty detection filters is developed to learn a model of the normality of a robot’s visual perception, which is called multichannel novelty detection. Subsequently, the acquired model was used to highlight dissimilar perceptions when the robot explored an environment. The main purpose of fusing multiple novelty filters is that each novelty filter performs well in detecting specific types of novelties; therefore, a new framework is proposed that demonstrates a new way to combine multiple different purposed novelty detection filters together in order to yield an overall more robust novelty status on the visual features. To develop a multichannel novelty detection system, expectation- and appearance-based novelty detection models were used in this study. To become experts in detecting different types of novelty using these models, different features from the input image were extracted as inputs for the models. The expectation-based novelty detection model uses the MobileNetV2 deep network to extract the deep features of the input image, which is subsequently used to learn a sequential and temporal model of normality to detect novelty. By contrast, the appearance-based novelty detection model uses speeded up robust features (SURF), which provide more region-focused features within the input image, to identify whether a specific region of the image is novel. The proposed multichannel novelty detection system is a completely online and real-time approach that is very important for mobile robotics applications. The proposed framework was tested in three novel environments, and it was reported that the proposed multichannel novelty detection system performs better than expectation-based and appearance-based novelty filters separately. Statistically, in the three novel environments, the Matthews correlation coefficients are reported to be 0.94, 0.97, and 0.93, and $F_{1}$ scores are reported to be 0.95, 0.97, and 0.93, respectively, which proves that and can be concluded as almost perfect statistically.
Quantization of point particles in (2+1)-dimensional gravity and spacetime discreteness

By investigating the canonical commutation rules for gravitating quantized particles in a (2 + 1)-dimensional world, it is found that these particles live on a spacetime lattice. The spacetime lattice points can be characterized by three integers. Various representations are possible, the details depending on the topology chosen for energy - momentum space. We find that an topology yields a physically most interesting lattice within which first quantization of Dirac particles is possible. An topology also gives a lattice, but does not allow first quantized particles.
Epidemiology and Outcome of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Purpose To evaluate the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes in South Korea, we conducted systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods MEDLINE, Embase, KoreaMed, and Korean Information Service System databases were searched up to June 2022. We included observational studies and letters on OHCA during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared them to those before the pandemic. Epidemiologic characteristics, including at-home OHCA, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, unwitnessed arrest, use of an automated external defibrillator (AED), shockable cardiac rhythm, and airway management, were evaluated. Survival and favorable neurological outcomes were extracted. We conducted a meta-analysis of each characteristic and outcome. Results Six studies including 4628 OHCA patients were included in this study. The incidence of at-home OHCA significantly increased and the AED use decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic [odds ratio (OR), 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08–1.55; I2=0% and OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57–0.97; I2=0%, respectively]. Return of spontaneous circulation after OHCA, survival, and favorable neurological outcomes during and before the pandemic did not differ significantly (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.71–1.13; I2=37%; OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.43–1.26; I2=72%; OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.43–1.37; I2=70%, respectively). Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea, the incidence of at-home OHCA increased and AED use decreased among OHCA patients. However, survival and favorable neurological outcomes did not significantly differ from before the pandemic. This insignificant effect of the pandemic on OHCA in South Korea could be attributed to the slow increase in patient count in the early days of the pandemic. OSF Registry (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/UGE9D).