Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of pillen seed storage time and application of humic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Tobacco is one of the seeds that can be stored for a specified period. Seed storage is one of the ways in maintaining the viability of the seeds to meet the needs of the next planting period. Pillen seed technology has developed where in addition to increasing the size of seeds can improve the quality of seeds. Kaolin in pillen has an Al content which is suspected if absorbed by plants will inhibit the growth of tobacco seeds. Giving humic acid is expected to be able to play a role in binding Al so that the level of Al content in the soil can be lowered so as not to cause toxins to plants. This study aimed to determine the effect of pillen seed storage and the application of humic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings. This study used the factorial of complete randomized design (RAL) 2 × 3. The first factor of the concentration of humic acid consisted of without humic acid 0 ml / l and liquid humic acid 6 ml/l. The second factor for the shelf life of the top seeds is 3, 8, and 13 years. Humic acid concentration of 6 ml could support the growth of the tobacco seedlings.
The genomic view of diversification

Evolutionary relationships between species are traditionally represented in the form of a tree, called the species tree. The reconstruction of the species tree from molecular data is hindered by frequent conflicts between gene genealogies. A standard way of dealing with this issue is to pos-tulate the existence of a unique species tree where disagreements between gene trees are explained by incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) due to random coalescences of gene lineages inside the edges of the species tree. This paradigm, known as the multi-species coalescent (MSC), is constantly violated by the ubiquitous presence of gene flow revealed by empirical studies, leading to topological incon-gruences of gene trees that cannot be explained by ILS alone. Here we argue that this paradigm should be revised in favor of a vision acknowledging the importance of gene flow and where gene histories shape the species tree rather than the opposite. We propose a new, plastic framework for modeling the joint evolution of gene and species lineages relaxing the hierarchy between the species tree and gene trees. As an illustration, we implement this framework in a mathematical model called the genomic diversification (GD) model based on coalescent theory, with four parameters tuning repli-cation, genetic differentiation, gene flow and reproductive isolation. We use it to evaluate the amount of gene flow in two empirical data-sets. We find that in these data-sets, gene tree distributions are better explained by the best fitting GD model than by the best fitting MSC model. This work should pave the way for approaches of diversification using the richer signal contained in genomic evolution-ary histories rather than in the mere species tree.
Mosquito oviposition-deterrent and ovicidal property of fractions and essential oils from Plectranthus glandulosus and Callistemon rigidus against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus

Due to ever-growing insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors and environmental contamination by synthetic insecticides, plants may be a source of alternative agents for mosquito control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mosquito oviposition-deterrent and ovicidal activities of different solvent fractions and essential oils from Plectranthus glandulosus and Callistemon rigidus against three mosquito species, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus . For oviposition deterrence, 150 gravid females of each mosquito species were introduced in each cage. For ovicidal bioassay, 100 eggs and 1 raft of at least 100 eggs were exposed to 500 and 1000 ppm for fractions, 150 and 300 ppm for essential oils, 1000 ppm for WARRIOR®, and were assayed in the laboratory conditions. The same concentrations were used for oviposition deterrence. The oviposition deterrence was observed 72 h and the ovicidal activity 4 h post-treatment. P. glandulosus essential oil and hexane fraction utterly prevented gravid mosquitoes from laying eggs/rafts on oviposition traps as in WARRIOR®. There was relatively no mosquito eggs/rafts deposited in chloroform fraction of C. rigidus as observed in WARRIOR®. The hatching rates of P. glandulosus hexane fraction were reduced to 9.67, 15.33 and 28.33% against An. gambiae, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus , respectively at 1000 ppm; 5 and 11.33%, respectively for the essential oil at 300 ppm with no egg hatched in An. gambiae treatments. Hexane fraction of C. rigidus recorded 14.33, 25.33 and 39.00% of hatching eggs against An. gambiae, Ae. aegypt i and Cx. quinquefasciatus , respectively at 1000 ppm. These results revealed that P. glandulosus and C. rigidus served as potent oviposition deterrents and ovicides against An. gambiae, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Keywords : Plectranthus glandulosus, Callistemon rigidus , Mosquito, Oviposition, Ovicides.
A Comparative Study of Saudi and International Journals of Applied Linguistics: The Move–Bundle Connection Approach

The present study implemented a genre-based approach to analyze the rhetorical structure of English language research articles (RAs): specifically, the Introduction-Methods-ResultsDiscussion-Conclusion (I-M-R-D-C) sections. Next, lexical bundles (LBs) associated with patterns of moves were identified by applying a corpus-driven approach. The study analyzed two corpora of 30 RAs purposely selected from 16 peer-reviewed journals of applied linguistics published in Saudi Arabia and internationally during the years of 2011-2016. First, a genrebased approach was used to identify the move structures of RAs through analyzing different RA sections by different models. Next, lexical bundles associated with each identified move in each IMRDC section were analyzed using a corpus-driven approach, based on structural and functional taxonomies. The study findings showed that both corpora share similarities and differences related to rhetorical structures and lexical bundles. These findings have pedagogical implications for novice writers, graduate students, and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) instruction, including raising awareness of rhetorical structures and LBs in academic writing for publication, which could help produce more successful publishable research articles.
Home-Based Enterprise and Its Impediment Factors to Self-Help House Improvement in Kampong Cikini, Jakarta

This research aims to embellish the existing literature on Home-Based Enterprise (HBE) to recuperate it as one of the effective solutions for self-help slum improvement programs in the future. Many experts have praised HBE as one of the plausible solutions for slum alleviation through income-generating activities that will enable the underprivileged to perform self-help house improvement. However, there is a vague establishment between HBE to self-help house improvement in Kampong Cikini, as one of the notable slum settlements in Central Jakarta. Through the employment of the case study method, this research established HBE’s contribution to self-help house improvement is less significant because of several impediments, which indicates the increment monthly income from HBE cannot automatically ignite the self-help house improvement. Both HBE and self-help house improvement are inseparable from socio-economy activities in the neighborhood and cannot be comprehended as an individual economy household’s activities. Therefore, specific solutions are required to overcome the mainly encountered impediments with considering the established interwoven domestic and economic activities, for increasing the impact of HBE to self-help house improvement.
Opto-activation of cortical somatostatin interneurons alleviates parkinsonian symptoms

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is a symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease but benefits only to a minority of patients due to stringent eligibility criteria. To investigate new targets for less invasive therapies, we aimed at elucidating key mechanisms supporting deep brain stimulation efficiency. Here, using in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics and modeling, we found that subthalamic stimulation normalizes pathological hyperactivity of motor cortex pyramidal cells, while concurrently activating somatostatin and inhibiting parvalbumin interneurons. In vivo opto-activation of cortical somatostatin interneurons alleviates motor symptoms in a parkinsonian mouse model. A mathematical model highlights how the decrease in pyramidal neurons activity can restore information processing capabilities. Overall, these results demonstrate that activation of cortical somatostatin interneurons may constitute a less invasive alternative than subthalamic stimulation. One-sentence Summary Deep brain stimulation recruits cortical somatostatin interneurons, and their opto-activation is beneficial in Parkinson’s.
El papel de los problemas emocionales en la hipersexualidad

Introduction: Hypersexuality is a common problem in clinical practice, especially due to the emotional dis￾tress generated by some of its manifestations, such as sex addiction. However, the relationship between discomfort and hypersexuality is unclear and many authors highlight that, in addition to a consequence, emotional distress could be the cause of the search for sex as an emotional regulation strategy. The aim of the present study is to check if there is a relationship between mood and hypersexual behavior in both men and women. Method: 400 participants (69% male) between the ages of 18 and 40 (M = 26,65; DT = 6,30) completed an online survey that included measures of control of sexual impulses (the Hypersexuality Inventory [HI]) and emo￾tional distress (the Scale Hospital Anxiety and Depression [HADS]). Sociodemographic information was also collected. Results: We did not find gender differences in the anxiety means, while men presented higher scores on the depression subscale M =7,33) than women (M=6,11; t=3,89, p <,001) and higher level of hypersexuality (M=43,94 men, M=11,85 women; t=10,36, p<,001). For men, anxiety (p<,001) and age (p= ,024) explained 29,2% of the variance of Hypersexuality scores (IH) (F=37,48; p<,001). For the group of women, only anxiety explained 14% of the variance of the IH scores (F=6,52; p<,001). Conclusions: As we can see, anxiety has an important weight in hypersexuality, while in men age also turned out to be relevant in this problem. Taking into account that the majority of preventive interventions are aimed at adolescents / young people, these results demonstrate the need to invest efforts in emotional regulation at all ages, both in prevention and in treatment programs.
Desiccation and Freezing Sensitivity of Selected Groundnut Genotypes for Germplasm Conservation

The Series of experiments were carried out to determined the sensitivity of five groundnut genotypes which were: Sodari, Ghibaish, Barberton, ICGV121 and Advance to desiccation under 7 saturated salt solutions with specific relative humidity at 35oC and freezing in liquid nitrogen temperature (-196oC) using desorption drying method. The objectives of the study were to quantify seed desiccation and freezing sensitivity and their relations to seed viability. The equilibrium seed water content of desiccated seeds, germination percentages and rates of desiccated and desiccated-frozen seeds, WC50, water activity, water potential, HMFL and their correlations with other parameters were determined. Equilibrium mean water content in gH2Og-1dw was determined gravimetrically when seeds were oven-dried under 105oC for 24 hrs. Seed desiccation sensitivity, (designated as WC50) was obtained using the Quantal Quadric response model. Freezing sensitivity was determined using high moisture freezing limit (HMFL). The significant increases in seed viability (germination %) with decreases in equilibrium water content observed in this study. All seeds withstand low level of equilibrium water content (below 0.1 gH2Og-1dw) implying that, there were not sensitive to desiccation and freezing as determined by sensitivity indicators (WC50, wa50, Ψ50 and HMFL). In contrast, Barberton, Ghibaish and the Advance line showed less sensitivity to liquid nitrogen (HMFL value of 0.1 gH2Og-1dw) compared to Sodari and ICGV121 (HMFL values of 0.06 and 0.05 gH2Og-1dw, respectively). Correlation analyses indicated that, equilibrium seed water content was positively correlated with seed germination after desiccation and freezing. WC50 was positively correlated with HMFL indicating that the sensitivity of seeds to freezing depends upon its level of desiccation.
Sono-assisted enhanced adsorption of eriochrome Black-T dye onto a novel polymeric nanocomposite: kinetic, isotherm, and response surface methodology optimization

Abstract Nowadays, the colored wastewater generated primarily from dyeing and textile industries loaded with synthetic dyes are considered to be one of the key reason for water pollution. However, the remarkable development in material science resulted to fabrication of highly efficient composite materials for effective remediation of such wastewaters. In recent times, polymer matrix-based nanocomposites have turned out to be an outstanding domain of research considering the potential application of polymeric nanocomposite in several important areas including environmental remediation. In this work, the fabrication of a novel iron oxide/polyaniline polymeric nanocomposite (Iron oxide-PANI-PNC) was reported and its sono-assisted adsorptive potential was studied for a toxic anionic dye, Eriochrome Black-T (EBT). This study clears that pure iron oxide has strong pH dependency and it shows maximum dye adsorption only at highly acidic conditions. However, Iron oxide-PANI-PNC could reduce this pH dependency significantly and this polymeric nano-composite shows enhanced dye removal in the wide range of pH from 2.0 to 5.0. Langmuir isotherm model was best fitted to EBT dye adsorption experimental data onto Iron oxide-PANI-PNC with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 285.71 mg/g. Sono-assisted EBT dye adsorption process has achieved an enhanced removal efficiency of 93% as compared to magnetic stirring (65%) and batch stirring (60%). Response surface methodology (RSM) based optimization revealed that maximum EBT dye uptake adsorption of 99.61% at Iron oxide-PANI-PNC dose of 0.8 g/L, sonication time of 27 min, and initial EBT dye concentration of 30 mg/L. Graphical Abstract
Local field potentials in dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus reflect rewards but not travel time costs during foraging

To maximise long-term reward rates, foragers deciding when to leave a patch must compute a decision variable that reflects both the immediately available reward and the time costs associated with travelling to the next patch. Identifying the mechanisms that mediate this computation is central to understanding how brains implement foraging decisions. We previously showed that firing rates of dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus neurons incorporate both variables. This result does not provide information about whether integration of information reflected in dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus spiking activity arises locally or whether it is inherited from upstream structures. Here, we examined local field potentials gathered simultaneously with our earlier recordings. In the majority of recording sites, local field potential spectral bands – specifically theta, beta, and gamma frequency ranges – encoded immediately available rewards but not time costs. The disjunction between information contained in spiking and local field potentials can constrain models of foraging-related processing. In particular, given the proposed link between local field potentials and inputs to a brain area, it raises the possibility that local processing within dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus serves to more fully bind immediate reward and time costs into a single decision variable.
A comparison of joint reversible data hiding methods in encrypted remote sensing satellite images

The distribution of remote sensing satellite data from the National Remote Sensing Data Bank (BDPJN) of the National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) to users via the internet requires security so that it is not used illegally by unauthorized parties. Encryption and reversible data hiding are two effective and popular privacy protection and confidential communication solutions. With encryption, data is randomized so it can’t be read. Whereas with reversible data hiding, the receiver can extract hidden data and restore the original image without distortion. In this paper, some remote sensing satellite images are used as input in the simulation that is analyzed and compared based on the three methods of joint reversible data hiding in encrypted images, i.e. Zhang’s work, Hong’s work, and Fatema’s work. The experimental results show that Hong’s et al. method reveals the best performance of the three methods. For example, when the block size is 8x8, the bit error rate (BER) of the SPOT-6 test image of Hong’s et al. method was 12.06%, which is slightly lower than the 14.01% Zhang’s method and 11.89% Fatema’s et al. method. Likewise, the quality of remote sensing satellite image (image_spot6) recovery represented by the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of Hong’s et al. method is 49.96 dB, which is quite higher than the 48.26 dB of Zhang’s method and 48.98 dB of Fatema’s et al. method.
Brain-enriched coding and long non-coding RNA genes are overrepresented in recurrent autism spectrum disorder CNVs

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with substantial phenotypic and etiological heterogeneity. It is estimated that 10-20% of cases are due to copy number variations (CNVs). Here we apply a newly developed CNV association tool (SNATCNV) to reanalyse CNV data from 19,663 autistic and 6,479 control subjects from the AutDB database. We demonstrate that SNATCNV outperforms existing CNV association methods by finding smaller genomic regions that better discriminate cases and controls. By integrating data from the FANTOM5 expression atlas we show that both known ASD causal genes identified by the SFARI and MSSNG consortia and genes within the CNVs identified by SNATCNV have brain enriched expression patterns; both brain-enriched coding and long-non-coding RNA genes are over-represented. We provide full lists of these brain enriched coding and lncRNA genes as a resource to the research community. We also go on to show that each CNV region is associated with a distinct set of phenotypes, that some are sex biased and highlight one deleted region where a brain-enriched lncRNA is the only gene present. Our analyses identify 47 high confidence ASD associated CNV regions and identifies brain-enriched genes which underlie this neurodevelopmental disorder.
Measuring change in longitudinal research on pragmatic competence: A multinomial logistic model

Summary This paper focuses on pragmatic competence development in second or foreign language learners. In particular, it attempts to fill the significant research gap in measuring change in pragmatic competence and capturing pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic development over time. The paper proposes an innovative approach by applying a logistic model with multinomial distribution for measuring change in InterLanguage Pragmatics Research (ILP). Applied in the field of pragmatics, this statistical tool offers a comprehensive and flexible approach to modelling relations between independent and dependent variables in ILP research. The model is tested in a longitudinal study of Polish undergraduate students learning English, and specifically in the way they formulate requests by means of requestive directness strategies. The paper concludes that, regardless of time elapsing, the factors P (power distance) and D (social distance) have a highly significant influence on the use of requestive directness strategies by Poles learning EFL. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that the pragmatic output of Poles learning EFL is dependent on one more independent variable: the estimation of future social distance (F).
Effect of Different Formulations and Application Methods of Coral Calcium on its Remineralization Ability on Carious Enamel

BACKGROUND: Coral calcium is a new biomimetic product and dietary supplement which consists mainly of alkaline calcium carbonate. AIM: The aim of the current study is to compare the remineralization effect of coral calcium in different formulations and application methods. METHODS: A total of 35 extracted molars was collected, examined, and sectioned to obtain 70 sound enamel discs, all specimens were examined for calcium mineral content using energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) coupled with scanning electron microscope. Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were synthesized through wet chemical precipitation approach and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. Teeth specimens were subjected to demineralization, and mineral content was measured, specimens were divided into ten groups according to the remineralizing agent used, where Groups 1–3 used 10, 20, and 30 weight % (wt.%) coral calcium gel, respectively, Groups 4–6 used 10, 20, and 30 wt. % coral calcium and nanohydroxyapatite mix gel, and Groups 7–9 used 10, 20, and 30 wt. % coral calcium with argon laser activation and Group 10 (control group) without a remineralizing agent. All groups were re-examined by EDAX after remineralization. RESULTS: The TEM and FT-IR analysis confirmed the formation of rod shape HA in nanoparticles size range. All groups showed a statistically significant decrease in calcium level after demineralization, all groups showed a statistically significant increase in calcium content after remineralization except for the control group. Moreover, Groups 2 and 8 showed the highest increase in calcium level after remineralization. CONCLUSION: Coral calcium showed a significant remineralizing effect on carious enamel (demineralization) with an optimum concentration of 20 wt. %.
Analysis of Government Official Twitters during Covid-19 Crisis in Indonesia

This article aims to explain the intensity of government communication and coordination on Twitter social media during the handling of Covid 19 in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative analysis approach of government social media Twitter content. Nvivo 12 plus software is used to manage data, namely the classification of speech themes on Twitter content, mapping the similarity and similarity of Twitter content, and data analysis. This study revealed that government officials, both President Jokowi, Covid 19 handling officials, and the governors communicated and coordinated on social media Twitter that discussed Covid 19 handling. Communication and coordination of handling Covid 19 focused on the theme of handling Covid, namely the appeal and direction of the government center to unite against corona, know and understand Covid 19 and Corona Virus, comply with central government policies, pay attention to the interests of the country, and care for Indonesia. Then this study revealed that each government official, especially between President Jokowi and the DKI Jakarta governor, had different concerns about the themes discussed in the communication and coordination in handling Covid 19. Nevertheless, all government officials had the same vision, namely the acceleration of handling of Covid 19. The findings of this study need to be explained further in subsequent studies that have focused on analyzing the effect of communication intensity and government coordination on the policy of handling Covid 19 in Indonesia.