Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding how college students characterise and cope with chronic pain: a thematic analysis of expressive writing samples

College students who experience chronic pain are a frequently overlooked population. This research attempts to provide insight into the language that college students use to describe their experiences with chronic pain, challenges they face and coping strategies they use. Over the course of 4 consecutive days, participants responded to an expressive writing prompt asking them to reflect on their emotions and thoughts related to being a college student with chronic pain. Writing samples were then analysed to identify themes pertaining to words with a positive or negative emotional valence, terms used to characterise pain, metaphors used to describe pain, challenges faced, and positive and negative coping strategies used. Results showed that participants were more likely to use negatively valenced words than positively valenced words to describe their pain. Several common words and phrases were used to characterise pain, including metaphors. Finally, participants reported a number of challenges associated with their lived-experience of chronic pain, as well as positive and negative strategies used to cope with those challenges. These findings help to put into perspective the language used to understand, and attempt to cope with, the challenges faced by college students experiencing chronic pain. Research must continue to investigate the needs of this population so that they can be properly supported physically, emotionally, socially and academically.
Complex Febrile Seizures in Children with COVID-19 Infection

ported in Wuhan, China in 2019, is an infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The incidence rate is lower in children than in adults, but as the number of infected patients has increased recently, the number of pediatric patients has also increased [1,2]. The typical symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, chills, aches, headaches, anorexia, and anosmia [1]. Neurological manifestations can also occur in patients with COVID-19. Several studies have reported neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in children [1-4]. Panda et al. [4] reviewed these manifestations and reported that 16% of all such patients showed non-specific neurological symptoms, such as headache, myalgia, and fatigue, whereas 1% of them showed specific neurological symptoms, such as seizures and encephalopathy. Another study reported that neurological manifestations, including febrile and non-febrile seizures, were observed in 3% of children with COVID-19 [1]. Febrile seizures are relatively common neurologic disorders, affecting 2% to 5% of children under the age of 5 years. There are two types of febrile seizures: simple and complex seizures. Simple febrile seizures refer to generalized seizures pISSN 2635-909X • eISSN 2635-9103 Ann Child Neurol [Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.26815/acn.2022. 00374
Current and emerging drug treatment strategies to tackle invasive community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection: what are the challenges?

ABSTRACT Introduction Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections represent a leading cause of purulent skin and soft tissue infections in some geographical regions. Traditionally, ‘old antibiotics’ such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracyclines, clindamycin, chloramphenicol,vancomycin, and teicoplanin have been used to treat these infections, but these were often associated with low efficacy and excessive side effects and toxicity, especially nephrotoxicity. Along with the development of new compounds, the last decade has seen substantial improvements in the management of CA-MRSA infections. Areas covered In this review, the authors discuss the current and emerging drug treatment strategies to tackle invasive CA-MRSA infections. Articles reported in this review were selected from through literature searches using the PubMed database. Expert opinion The availability of new drugs showing a potent in vitro activity against CA-MRSA represents a unique opportunity to face the threat of resistance while potentially reducing toxicity. All these compounds represent promising options to enhance our antibiotic armamentarium. However, data regarding the use of these new drugs in real-life studies are limited and their best placement in therapy and in terms of optimization of medical resources and balance of cost-effectiveness requires further investigation.
A broad-band rectangular patch antenna with a pair of wide slits

A new broad-band design of a probe-fed rectangular patch antenna with a pair of wide slits is proposed and experimentally studied. The proposed design is with an air substrate, and experimental results show that, simply by inserting a pair of wide slits at one of the radiating edges of the rectangular patch, good impedance matching over a wide bandwidth can easily be achieved for the proposed antenna. With an air substrate of thickness about 8% of the wavelength of the center operating frequency, the proposed antenna can have an impedance bandwidth of about 24%. For frequencies within the impedance bandwidth, good radiation characteristics are also observed, with a peak antenna gain of about 7.2 dBi.
A Formula Connecting Sample and Moment Stability of Linear Stochastic Systems

Given the linear stochastic system $\dot x = A(\xi (t))x,x \in \mathbb{R}^d ,\xi (t)$ some nice diffusion. Sample and moment stability of $x \equiv 0$ are studied via the sample Lyapunov exponent $\lambda $ and the Lyapunov exponent of the pth mean $g(p)$ of a solution. Generalizing a result of Molchanov for the undamped linear oscillator, it is shown that $g(p)$ is a smooth convex function of $p \in \mathbb{R}$ with $g(0) = 0$ and $g'(0) = \lambda $. For trace $A = 0$ a second zero of g at $p = - d$ is detected. This allows one to draw simple, but quite complete conclusions about the relation between sample and moment stability.
Patient Safety and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: A Repeated Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

The coronavirus (COVID-19) has presented Germany with major challenges and has led to concerns about patient safety. We conducted an observational, population-based, nationwide, repeated cross-sectional survey on patient safety in Germany in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Each of the three samples consisted of 1000 randomly recruited adults. Self-reported data via computer-assisted telephone interviews were taken from TK Monitor of Patient Safety. Perceptions, experience, and knowledge relating to patient safety were assessed. The majority of respondents considered medical treatment to involve risks to patient safety. This proportion decreased during the pandemic. The majority also had a high degree of self-efficacy regarding the prevention of medical errors, whereby the percentage that felt well informed with regard to patient safety rose throughout the pandemic. The proportion of persons that suspected they had in the past experienced an error in their treatment remained steady at one third as well as the reported errors. In 2020, 65% of respondents thought health communication with service providers (e.g., extent and comprehensibility of information) remained unchanged during the pandemic, while 35% reported that medical appointments had been cancelled or postponed. This study is the first to assess patient safety from a general population perspective during the coronavirus pandemic in Germany. COVID-19 had a positive impact on perceived patient safety but no impact on suspected and reported errors. Self-efficacy with regard to medical error prevention steadily increased in the general population, and people considered themselves well informed.
THE PATTERN OF TEST-TAKING EFFORT ACROSS ITEMS IN COGNITIVE ABILITY TEST: A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS

When examinees perceive a test as low stakes, it is logical to assume that some of them will not put out their maximum effort. This condition makes the validity of the test results more complicated. Although many studies have investigated motivational fluctuation across tests during a testing session, only a small number of studies have investigated motivational fluctuation across items within a single test. This study aims to examine the pattern of test-taking effort across items in cognitive ability tests when items are presented in a random order manner. Response Time Effort (RTE) was used as a measure of test-taking effort. This measure calculates the proportion of rapid responses in the test based on the response times for each item. Data from 213 university students completing the inductive reasoning test was examined using latent class analysis. The results suggested that examinees in low-stakes testing have different patterns of effort across items. Examinees who consistently provided a high level of effort across items had higher test performance, test-taking engagement, and RTE. Item position and item difficulty are also correlated negatively with test-taking effort. Implications of these results for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Economic characters of muga silkworm cocoons influenced by regions and commercial seasons

Muga cocoons were procured from Jorhat, Kamrup and Lakhimpur districts in spring and autumn season. The objective was to determine the impact of three regions and commercial seasons on cocoon characters in terms of cocoon size, cocoon weight, pupal weight, shell weight and shell ratio. The experiment was laid out in completely randomised design with three replications. The impact of three regions and two seasons was found to be significant on cocoon parameters. Large sized cocoons were obtained from Kamrup district followed by Lakhimpur and Jorhat in autumn season compared to those obtained in spring season. Cocoon weight, shell weight, pupal weight and shell ratio percentage (5.73g, 0.51g, 5.19g and 8.74% respectively) were found to be significantly higher in Kamrup as compared to Lakhimpur (5.4g, 0.46g, 4.94g and 8.43% respectively) while lowest was recorded in Jorhat district (5.27g, 0.43g, 4.83g and 8.20% respectively) irrespective of the seasons. Considering the seasons, cocoons obtained from autumn were superior in terms of cocoon characters (5.66g cocoon weight, 0.49g shell weight, 5.16g pupal weight and 8.63% shell ratio) than those of spring season. Kamrup district and autumn season have turned out to be the best region and best season clearly indicating that region and season influences the cocoon characters of muga silkworm.
A Deep I-Band Selected Galaxy Sample: Implications for Galaxy Evolution

New spectroscopic observations of a statistically complete sample of 50 very faint I-band selected galaxies with I AB obs ∼0.5±0.1. This is the same as simple no-evolution predictions, despite a roughly threefold excess in the number-magnitude counts relative to a no-evolution q 0 =0.5 model. Within this cosmological framework, this supports the idea that the faint field galaxy population is dominated by a rapidly evolving population of numerous and presumably relatively low-mass galaxies with the spectral energy distributions of Irr galaxies and rest-frame V-band luminosities around M V ∼−20.0, i.e., about 1 mag below the present-day L *
Understanding and predicting vortex-induced vibrations

Vortex-induced vibration of solid structures has been known since ancient times, and remains a very important problem of fluid mechanics. Experimental studies of the vortex-induced vibration of circular cylinders have provided many fundamental insights. Recent extremely carefully controlled forced vibration experiments by Morse & Williamson (J. Fluid Mech., 2009, this issue, vol. 634, pp. 5–39), generating finely resolved data sets, are providing a fresh understanding of the mechanisms involved, especially for ocean structures with very low mass and damping.
Modularity in topological lattices

The purpose of this note is to establish that for topological lattices of suitably small breadth, connectedness implies modularity without an exploitation of compactness. L will denote a topological lattice, that is a Hausdorff topological space with continuous binary operations V and A for which (L, V, A) is a lattice. For a more explicit presentation and some related machinery, see the paper of E. Dyer and A. Shields [5]. Of specific need, L is a modular lattice iff for every a, b, cCL, b<a implies aA(bVc)=bV(aAc). And if n is a positive integer, the breadth of L is less than n means that for every xi, X2, * * EzCL, there exists j such that x < Vioxi. Note that the breadth formulation given here is dual to the equivalent phrasing used in [5]. Also for a<b in L, define [a, b] = {xELI a<x? b }.
The rhythmic and tonal musical abilities in the functional-learning music kindergarten children

Musical abilities include a number of abilities developed under the influence of innate dispositions, environment, maturity, informal music learning experience and formal music education. The paper aims to identify the potential difference between the musical abilities of preschool and early school-age children at the initial and final testing stages and whether there is any difference between the rhythmic and tonal component of their musical abilities in terms of their sex. The survey was conducted on a sample of 70 respondents. The respondents were second-year students of the Elly Bašić Functional-Learning Music Kindergarten in Zagreb. A general information questionnaire was used in the survey, as well as the Gordon Primary Measures of Music Audiation (PMMA) test, as an indispensable measuring tool used to identify the key music potential variables in a timely, reliable and objective manner.The obtained results indicate that the tonal and rhythmic aptitude of the participants in the survey were substantially higher at the final stage of testing with respect to the initial one. Moreover, the sex of the participants in the survey did not prove to be a significant musical aptitude predictor.The author calls for changes to the music school curriculum aimed at integrating preschool music education into the formal music education system.
Being a Child in the Digital World: Balancing Anxiety Levels

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the anxiety levels of children who are alone with the digital environment. Materials and Methods: The research was carried out with 15 children aged between 14-18 in Ankara. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed by content analysis. Results: When children's views on the concept of digital game are examined, it can be said that digital game has positive and negative aspects for children. While positive emotions are felt at the moment of success in the game, unhappiness, anger, anxiety and anxiety occur at the time of failure. Conclusion: It can be said that children playing digital games are exposed to the anxiety and anxiety created by the virtual world while playing digital games, as a result of the answers given by the children to the questions regarding this concept.
Not all bad: Gyromitrin has a limited distribution in the false morels as determined by a new ultra high-performance liquid chromatography method

ABSTRACT Gyromitrin (acetaldehyde N-methyl-N-formylhydrazone) and its homologs are deadly mycotoxins produced most infamously by the lorchel (also known as false morel) Gyromitra esculenta, which is paradoxically consumed as a delicacy in some parts of the world. There is much speculation about the presence of gyromitrin in other species of the lorchel family (Discinaceae), but no studies have broadly assessed its distribution. Given the history of poisonings associated with the consumption of G. esculenta and G. ambigua, we hypothesized that gyromitrin evolved in the last common ancestor of these taxa and would be present in their descendants with adaptive loss of function in the nested truffle clade, Hydnotrya. To test this hypothesis, we developed a sensitive analytical derivatization method for the detection of gyromitrin using 2,4-dinitrobenzaldehyde as the derivatization reagent. In total, we analyzed 66 specimens for the presence of gyromitrin over 105 tests. Moreover, we sequenced the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS barcode) and nuc 28S rDNA to assist in species identification and to infer a supporting phylogenetic tree. We detected gyromitrin in all tested specimens from the G. esculenta group as well as G. leucoxantha. This distribution is consistent with a model of rapid evolution coupled with horizontal transfer, which is typical for secondary metabolites. We clarified that gyromitrin production in Discinaceae is both discontinuous and more limited than previously thought. Further research is required to elucidate the gyromitrin biosynthesis gene cluster and its evolutionary history in lorchels.
Mapping Individual, Relational, and Contextual Factors onto Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Resilience

Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and resilience are two well-established outcomes following trauma exposure, but little work has examined the unique associations between these outcomes and factors across the social ecology. This theoretically grounded study assessed how individual, relational, and contextual social ecological factors relate to PTSS and resilience. Participants included 606 college students (18–25 years, Mage = 20.79, SD = 1.86; 82.51% Female; 56.60% White, 29.37% Black or African American, 5.78% Asian, 8.25% Other races) with exposure to at least one traumatic event. Two hierarchical linear regression models examined associations between individual (i.e., emotion dysregulation, anger severity), relational (i.e., family support, friend support), and contextual (i.e., community cohesion, community disorder) factors, and PTSS and resilience. At the individual level, higher emotion dysregulation was associated with higher PTSS and lower resilience; anger severity was not related to either outcome. At the relational level, more friend support was negatively associated with PTSS. Friend and family support were positively related to resilience. At the contextual level, community cohesion was positively associated with resilience, but not PTSS, and community disorder was unrelated to both outcomes. Findings demonstrate unique factors across the social ecology that differentially relate to PTSS and resilience. Variables at all three ecological levels were associated with resilience, whereas only individual and relational variables were related to PTSS. Replication with longitudinal data could inform treatments for trauma-exposed individuals that may mitigate PTSS and bolster resilience.
Model Comparison and Model Validation Issues in Empirical Work on Urban Density Functions

Urban population density functions, as summary descriptions of urban structure, have been based on a variety of theoretical specifications and implemented empirically on a wide scale. In this paper, some issues related to the estimation of density functions and the validation of different specifications are considered me closely. Particular attention is given to the selection of spatial observational units, the use of net or gross density measures, testing for spatial autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity, and the use of different model validation criteria (tests on rum-nested hypotheses versus. measures of fit). An empirical illustration is provided with data for 1980 on the Columbus, Ohio, metropolitan area.
Effects of Inclination Angle of Ribs on the Flow Behavior in Rectangular Ducts

The flow behavior in rib-roughened ducts is influenced by the inclination of ribs and the effect is investigated in the present study by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The local flow structures between two adjacent ribs were measured. The Reynolds number was fixed at 5800. The flow field description was based on the PIV results in planes both parallel and perpendicular to the ribbed walls at various locations. The rib angle to the main flow direction was varied as 30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg and 90 deg. The ribs induce three dimensional flow fields. The flow separation and reattachment between adjacent ribs are clearly observed. In addition, the inclined ribs are found to alter the spanwise distribution of the streamwise velocity component. The streamwise velocity component has its highest values at the upstream end of the ribs, and decreases continuously to its lowest values at the downstream end. Strong secondary flow motion occurs over the entire duct cross section for the inclined ribs. The flow structures between two consecutive ribs show that the fluid flows along the ribs from one end of the ribs to the other end, and then turns back at the transverse center Downwash and upwash flows are observed at the upstream end and downstream end of the ribs, respectively. (Less)
Speech perception from a crudely quantized spectrogram: A figure-ground analogy

Recent research into auditory chimeras has shown that comprehensible speech can be generated by superimposing the frequency‐dependent modulation envelope of a target speech signal onto the fine structure of music, speech, or almost any other broadband waveform. In this experiment, we show that, in certain cases, intelligibility can be achieved with an even simpler stimulus that preserves only the rough outline of the energy distribution of the target speech waveform. This stimulus was generated by 1) dividing the target speech spectrogram into discrete tiles that were 1/3rd octave band wide and 7.8 ms long; 2) identifying the minimum number of tiles necessary to capture 90% of the energy in the target waveform; and 3) filtering a uniform, broadband noise to activate only those tiles that met the threshold energy criterion in the original stimulus. The resulting stimulus captures the overall outline of the distribution of energy in the target speech, but contains no information about the relative distribut.
Computerized cardiotocography analysis during labor – A state‐of‐the‐art review

Cardiotocography is defined as the recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions and is widely used during labor as a screening tool to determine fetal wellbeing. The visual interpretation of the cardiotocography signals by the practitioners, following common guidelines, is subject to a high interobserver variability, and the efficiency of cardiotocography monitoring is still debated. Since the 1990s, researchers and practitioners work on designing reliable computer‐aided systems to assist practitioners in cardiotocography interpretation during labor. Several systems are integrated in the monitoring devices, mostly based on the guidelines, but they have not clearly demonstrated yet their usefulness. In the last decade, the availability of large clinical databases as well as the emergence of machine learning and deep learning methods in healthcare has led to a surge of studies applying those methods to cardiotocography signals analysis. The state‐of‐the‐art systems perform well to detect fetal hypoxia when evaluated on retrospective cohorts, but several challenges remain to be tackled before they can be used in clinical practice. First, the development and sharing of large, open and anonymized multicentric databases of perinatal and cardiotocography data during labor is required to build more accurate systems. Also, the systems must produce interpretable indicators along with the prediction of the risk of fetal hypoxia in order to be appropriated and trusted by practitioners. Finally, common standards should be built and agreed on to evaluate and compare those systems on retrospective cohorts and to validate their use in clinical practice.