Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designed for Home: Opportunities for Enhanced Ontological Security in Permanent Supportive Housing Apartments

To maximize the number of new dwelling units for people experiencing long–term homelessness, permanent supportive housing (PSH) developers have minimized the floor area of such units, creating very small studio apartments in purpose–built, single–site housing projects. The objective of this study was to reveal the variety of spatial organization patterns of these apartments and to assess if theoretical hallmarks of ontological security—constancy, the ability to conduct day–to–day routines, identity construction, freedom from surveillance—may be supported by design decisions. This is the first study to closely examine the interior layouts of such dwellings, despite 1,840,000 PSH apartments having been built in the past 13 years. The dataset is a representative sample of 24 PSH studio apartment floor plans. The archival plan analysis examined typological features of the apartments and the affordances and attributes related to the hallmarks of ontological security. A key finding is that overall layout is determined primarily by entry sequence decisions: constancy and freedom from surveillance may be enhanced by close attention to the layering of this space. A second key finding is that the ability to conduct day–to–day routines and construct identity may be enriched by apartment layout and storage provision. Thus, despite the size constraints of PSH apartments, designers could possibly enhance ontological security affordances through defined layout, ample storage, and a layered entry sequence. For PSH residents, achieving ontological security in their dwellings is a necessary step toward recovery from long–term homelessness.
Incidence and Susceptibility Patterns of Urine Bacterial Flora in Young Saudi Females

It has been established that the urinary tract is not sterile; however, research related to the study of urinary bacteria is limited. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and patterns of resistance of normal urinary aerobic bacterial flora and clean catch midstream urine specimens collected from 120 young healthy females and cultured. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility were performed using the Biomérieux VITEK® 2 automated system. Participants who had undergone antimicrobial treatment within one month were not included. The incidence of positive bacterial cultures was 54.2%, of which 21.5% were polymicrobial. Approximately 107 bacterial isolates that encompass 12 genera and 27 species that were predominated by gram-positive bacteria (72%) were cultivated. Staphylococcaceae (46.1%) and Enterobacteriaceae (17.8%) were the most frequent isolates among gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, of which 36 species have been identified as β-lactamase producers. The top four frequently isolated bacteria were Micrococcus spp. (16%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (13.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (10%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%). Twenty-two bacterial species were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broad- and narrow-spectrum antibiotics and antimicrobials, which showed the lowest susceptibility rate against gram-positive bacteria, followed by erythromycin and azithromycin. A lower antimicrobial susceptibility potential among gram-negative bacteria was observed against ampicillin, followed by piperacillin and cefotaxime. Our findings emphasize the importance of highlighting urine bacterial flora in studies, especially those related to susceptibility patterns, by employing more advanced culture methods as multiple drug-resistant bacteria were isolated.
Chronicle of a Death Foretold: Does Higher Volatility Anticipate Corporate Default?

We test whether a simple measure of corporate insolvency based on equity return volatility and denoted as Distance to Insolvency (DI) - delivers better predictions of corporate default than the widely-used Expected Default Frequency (EDF) measure computed by Moody’s. We look at the predictive power that current DIs and EDFs have for future defaults, both at a ﬁrm-level and at an aggregate level. At the granular level, both DIs and EDFs anticipate corporate defaults, but the DI contains information over and above the EDF, especially at longer forecasting horizons. At an aggregate level the DI shows superior forecasting power compared to the EDF, for horizons between 3 and 12 months. We illustrate the predictive power of the DI measure for the aggregate default rate by examining how corporate defaults would have evolved during the period marked by the spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic had the ECB not implemented the pandemic emergency purchase programme (PEPP). gregate default rate of the ﬁrms in our sample and other ﬁnancial market control variables. We then use a predictive ability test, at forecast horizons between 1 and 12 months, to assess their relative performance. Overall, with the exception of the 1-month horizon, a VAR model which includes the DI shows a smaller error in predicting the default rates, relative to a similar VAR model where instead the DIs are replaced by the EDFs. Thus, the evidence from macro data seems to largely support the previous ﬁndings based on granular data, as the DI turn out to be a better predictor of aggregate default rates at all relevant horizons. To illustrate the relevance of the DI in macro-ﬁnancial applications, we present a counterfactual exercise that considers the level at which corporate defaults in the euro area would have settled if the Eurosystem had not implemented the pandemic emergency purchase programme (PEPP). We show that the presence of such an intervention reduced defaults during the crisis - relative to a scenario where such an intervention does not take place - by mitigating the impact of ﬁnancial shocks (as captured by the DI) on euro area non-ﬁnancial ﬁrms.
Extraplanar Emission-Line Gas in Edge-on Spiral Galaxies. II. Optical Spectroscopy

The results from deep long-slit spectroscopy of nine edge-on spiral galaxies with known extraplanar line emission are reported. Emission from Hα, [N II] λλ6548, 6583, and [S II] λλ6716, 6731 is detected out to heights of a few kiloparsecs in all of these galaxies. Several other fainter diagnostic lines such as [O I] λ6300, [O III] λλ4959, 5007, and He I λ5876 are also detected over a smaller scale. The relative strengths, centroids, and widths of the various emission lines provide constraints on the electron density, temperature, reddening, source(s) of ionization, and kinematics of the extraplanar gas. In all but one galaxy, photoionization by massive OB stars alone has difficulties explaining all of the line ratios in the extraplanar gas. Hybrid models that combine photoionization by OB stars and another source of ionization such as photoionization by turbulent mixing layers or shocks provide a better fit to the data. The (upper limits on the) velocity gradients measured in these galaxies are consistent with the predictions of the galactic fountain model to within the accuracy of the measurements.
Automatic Assessment of Parkinson's Disease Using Speech Representations of Phonation and Articulation

Speech from people with Parkinson's disease (PD) are likely to be degraded on phonation, articulation, and prosody. Motivated to describe articulation deficits comprehensively, we investigated 1) the universal phonological features that model articulation manner and place, also known as speech attributes, and 2) glottal features capturing phonation characteristics. These were further supplemented by, and compared with, prosodic features using a popular compact feature set and standard MFCC. Temporal characteristics of these features were modeled by convolutional neural networks. Besides the features, we were also interested in the speech tasks for collecting data for automatic PD speech assessment, like sustained vowels, text reading, and spontaneous monologue. For this, we utilized a recently collected Finnish PD corpus (PDSTU) as well as a Spanish database (PC-GITA). The experiments were formulated as regression problems against expert ratings of PD-related symptoms, including ratings of speech intelligibility, voice impairment, overall severity of communication disorder on PDSTU, as well as on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) on PC-GITA. The experimental results show: 1) the speech attribute features can well indicate the severity of pathologies in parkinsonian speech; 2) combining phonation features with articulatory features improves the PD assessment performance, but requires high-quality recordings to be applicable; 3) read speech leads to more accurate automatic ratings than the use of sustained vowels, but not if the amount of speech is limited to correspond to the sustained vowels in duration; and 4) jointly using data from several speech tasks can further improve the automatic PD assessment performance.
Cosmic Shear Statistics in the Suprime-Cam 2.1 Square Degree Field: Constraints on Ωm and σ8

We present measurements of the cosmic shear correlation in the shapes of galaxies in the Suprime-Cam 2.1 deg2 RC-band imaging data. As an estimator of the shear correlation originating from the gravitational lensing, we adopt the aperture mass variance, which most naturally decomposes the correlation signal into E and B (non-gravitational lensing) modes. We detect a nonzero E mode variance on scales between θap = 2′ and 40'. We also detect a small but nonzero B-mode variance on scales larger than θap > 5′. We compare the measured E-mode variance to the model predictions in CDM cosmologies using maximum likelihood analysis. A four-dimensional space is explored, which examines σ8, Ωm, Γ (the shape parameter of the CDM power spectrum), and s (mean redshift of galaxies). We include three possible sources of error: statistical noise, the cosmic variance estimated using numerical experiments, and a residual systematic effect estimated from the B-mode variance. We derive joint constraints on two parameters by marginalizing over the two remaining parameters. We obtain an upper limit of Γ < 0.5 for s > 0.9 (68% confidence). For a prior Γ ∈ [0.1, 0.4] and s ∈ [0.6, 1.4], we find σ8 = (0.50)Ω for Ωm + ΩΛ = 1 and σ8 = (0.51)Ω for ΩΛ = 0 (95% confidence). If we take the currently popular ΛCDM model (Ωm = 0.3, Ωλ = 0.7, Γ = 0.21), we obtain a one-dimensional confidence interval on σ8 for the 95.4% level, 0.62 < σ8 < 1.32 for s ∈ [0.6, 1.4]. Information on the redshift distribution of galaxies is key to obtaining a correct cosmological constraint. An independent constraint on Γ from other observations is useful to tighten the constraint.
The total satellite population of the Milky Way.

The total number and luminosity function of the population of dwarf galaxies of the Milky Way (MW) provide important constraints on the nature of the dark matter and on the astrophysics of galaxy formation at low masses. However, only a partial census of this population exists because of the flux limits and restricted sky coverage of existing Galactic surveys. We combine the sample of satellites recently discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) survey with the satellites found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 9 (together these surveys cover nearly half the sky) to estimate the total luminosity function of satellites down to MV = 0. We apply a new Bayesian inference method in which we assume that the radial distribution of satellites independently of absolute magnitude follows that of subhaloes selected according to their peak maximum circular velocity. We find that there should be at least 124+40−27 (68% CL, statistical error) satellites brighter than MV = 0 within 300kpc of the Sun. As a result of our use of new data and better simulations, and a more robust statistical method, we infer a much smaller population of satellites than reported in previous studies using earlier SDSS data only; we also address an underestimation of the uncertainties in earlier work by accounting for stochastic effects. We find that the inferred number of faint satellites depends only weakly on the assumed mass of the MW halo and we provide scaling relations to extend our results to different assumed halo masses and outer radii. We predict that half of our estimated total satellite population of the MW should be detected by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). The code implementing our estimation method is available online.
Taking a Closer Look at Disclosure Recipients: How Disclosure Strategy and Emotion Influence Communicative and Relational Responses to Disclosures of Transgender Identity

Guided by the theory of communication privacy management, this study examines recipients’ communicative and relational responses to disclosures of transgender identity. Participants (N = 207) completed an online survey and reported on a time they learned about a close other’s transgender identity. Results indicated that perceived disclosure strategy influenced recipients’ supportive communication, avoidance, aggression, and relational distancing. Recipients’ feelings of sympathy and anger moderated the effects of disclosure strategies on recipient responses. A general pattern emerged, suggesting the effects of disclosure strategies on recipient responses are amplified at low levels of sympathy and high levels of anger.
On the Coulomb branch of a marginal deformation of Script N = 4 SUSY Yang-Mills

We determine the exact vacuum structure of a marginal deformation of = 4 SUSY Yang-Mills with gauge group U(N). The Coulomb branch of the theory consists of several sub-branches which are governed by complex curves of the form Σn1Σn2Σn3 of genus N = n1+n2+n3. Each sub-branch intersects with a family of Higgs and Confining branches permuted by SL(2,) transformations. We determine the curve by solving a related matrix model in the planar limit according to the prescription of Dijkgraaf and Vafa, and also by explicit instanton calculations using a form of localization on the instanton moduli space. We find that Σn coincides with the spectral curve of the n-body Ruijsenaars-Schneider system. Our results imply that the theory on each sub-branch is holomorphically equivalent to certain five-dimensional gauge theory with eight supercharges. This equivalence also implies the existence of novel confining branches in five dimensions.
State T21, Restrictions on Flavored E-Cigarette Products, and Non-Medical Cannabis Sales Legalization in Relation to Young Adult Reports of Vape Shop Age Verification and Product Offerings: A Multilevel Analysis

Vape shop practices related to age verification and product offerings (e.g., other tobacco, cannabis), which may affect young-adult tobacco/substance use, are likely impacted by state-level policies (i.e., Tobacco 21 [T21], flavored e-cigarette restrictions, non-medical cannabis legalization). Using data from young adults (18–34 years) in 6 US states representing variability in whether/when they implemented the aforementioned policies, this study focused on past 6-month e-cigarette users who visited vape shops (Wave 1 [W1]: September–December 2018, n = 1127; W2: September–December 2019, n = 702; W3: September–December 2020, n = 549). Multilevel modeling examined T21 in relation to participants’ reports of age verification at last vape shop visit (among those < 27), and flavor restrictions and cannabis legalization in relation to noticing other tobacco or cannabis products at last visit. At W1–W3, 69.7%, 78.7%, and 75.8% of participants < 27 reported age verification, and participants increasingly noticed other tobacco (W2: 36.9%; W3: 48.6%) and cannabis products (W1: 25.8%; W2: 41.3%; W3: 58.3%). State T21 was unrelated to age verification (aOR = 1.19, 95%CI = 0.80–1.79); flavored e-cigarette restrictions correlated with noticing other tobacco products (aOR = 1.96, 95%CI = 1.10–3.51); flavored e-cigarette restrictions (aOR = 2.26, 95%CI = 1.57–3.24) and cannabis legalization (aOR = 2.84, 95%CI = 1.78–4.51) correlated with noticing cannabis products. Regulatory efforts must be informed by ongoing surveillance of such policies and their impact.
Elastohydrodynamic study of actin filaments using fluorescence microscopy

We probed the bending of actin subject to external forcing and viscous drag. Single actin filaments were moved perpendicular to their long axis in an oscillatory way by means of an optically tweezed latex bead attached to one end of the filaments. Shapes of these polymers were observed by epifluorescence microscopy. They were found to be in agreement with predictions of semiflexible polymer theory and slender-body hydrodynamics. A persistence length of 7.460. 2 mm could be extracted. @S1063-651X~97! 50808-7# PACS number~s! : 87.10. 1e, 83.10. Nn, 42.62. 2b
A Detailed Analysis of Film Cooling Physics: Part III— Streamwise Injection With Shaped Holes

The physics of the film cooling process for shaped, streamwise-injected, inclined jets is studied for blowing ratio (M = 1.25, 1.88), density ratio (DR = 1.6), and length-to-diameter ratio (L/D = 4) parameters typical of gas turbine operations. A previously documented computational methodology is applied for the study of five distinct film cooling configurations: (1) cylindrical film hole (reference case); (2) forward-diffused film hole; (3) laterally diffused film hole; (4) inlet shaped film hole, and (5) cusp-shaped film hole. The effect of various film hole geometries on both flow and thermal field characteristics is isolated, and the dominant mechanisms responsible for differences in these characteristics are documented. Special consideration is given to explaining crucial flow mechanisms from a vorticity point of view. It is found that vorticity analysis of the flow exiting the film hole can aid substantially in explaining the flow behavior downstream of the film hole. Results indicate that changes in the film hole shape can significantly alter the distribution of the exit-plane variables, therefore strongly affecting the downstream behavior of the film. Computational solutions of the steady, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are obtained using an unstructured/adaptive, fully implicit, pressure-correction solver. Turbulence closure is obtained via the high-Reynolds-number {kappa}-{epsilon}more » model with generalized wall functions. Detailed field results as well as surface phenomena involving adiabatic film effectiveness {eta} and heat transfer coefficient (h) are presented. When possible, computational results are validated against corresponding experimental cases from data found in the open literature. Detailed comparisons are made between surface and field results of the film hole shapes investigated in this work; design criteria for optimizing downstream heat transfer characteristics are then suggested. « less
All static spherically symmetric perfect-fluid solutions of Einstein’s equations

An algorithm based on the choice of a single monotone function (subject to boundary conditions) is presented which generates all regular static spherically symmetric perfect-fluid solutions of Einstein's equations. For physically relevant solutions the generating functions must be restricted by nontrivial integral-differential inequalities. Nonetheless, the algorithm is demonstrated here by the construction of an infinite number of previously unknown physically interesting exact solutions.
Inertial modes in near-spherical geometries

We propose a numerical method to compute the inertial modes of a container with near-spherical geometry based on the fully spectral discretisation of the angular and radial directions using spherical harmonics and Gegenbauer polynomial expansion respectively. This allows to solve simultaneously the Poincare equation and the no penetration condition as an algebraic polynomial eigenvalue problem. The inertial modes of an exact oblate spheroid are recovered to machine precision using an appropriate set of spheroidal coordinates. We show how other boundaries that deviate slightly from a sphere can be accommodated for with the technique of equivalent spherical boundary and we demonstrate the convergence properties of this approach for the triaxial ellipsoid.
Are Research-Practice Partnerships Responsive to Partners’ Needs? Exploring Research Activities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Despite everyone’s best intentions, RPP-produced research may still fall short of being responsive to the needs of practice partners. The COVID-19 pandemic arguably magnified the demand for research to help education leaders make informed decisions in unprecedented ways. Were RPPs able to be responsive to practice-side partners in their time of need? We draw upon data collected as part of the 2019, 2020, and 2021 National Network of Education Research-Practice Partnerships’ (NNERPP) annual reports to explore this question. Our findings suggest an increase in design-based projects, in addition to increases in quick-turnaround research syntheses in order to accommodate partner needs.
The VIMOS Integral Field Unit: Data‐Reduction Methods and Quality Assessment

With the new generation of spectrographs, integral field spectroscopy is becoming a widely used observational technique. The Integral Field Unit (IFU) of the Visible Multi–Object Spectrograph (VIMOS) on the ESO VLT allows sampling of a field as large as 54′′ × 54′′, covered by 6400 fibers coupled with microlenses. We present here the methods of the data‐processing software that has been developed to extract the astrophysical signal of faint sources from the VIMOS IFU observations. We focus on the treatment of the fiber‐to‐fiber relative transmission and the sky subtraction, and the dedicated tasks we have built to address the peculiarities and unprecedented complexity of the data set. We review the automated process we have developed under the VIPGI data organization and reduction environment (Scodeggio et al. ), along with the quality control performed to validate the process. The VIPGI IFU data‐processing environment has been available to the scientific community to process VIMOS IFU data since 2003 November.
An XMM-Newton observation of the dynamically active binary cluster A1750

Received ; accepted Abstract. We present results from the XMM-Newton observation of the binary cluster A1750 at z = 0.086. We have performed a detailed study of the surface brightness, temperature and entropy distribution and confirm that the two main clusters of the system (A1750 N and A1750 C) have just started to interact. From the temperature distribution, we calculate that they are likely to merge sometime in the next 1 Gyr. The more massive cluster, A1750 C, displays a more complicated temperature structure than expected. We detect a hot region associated with a density jump � 450 kpc east of the cluster centre, which appears to be a shock wave. This shock is not connected with the binary merger, but it is intrinsic to A1750 C itself. From simple physical arguments and comparison with numerical simulations, we argue that this shock is related to a merging event that A1750 C has suffered in the past 1-2 Gyr. The larger scale structure around A1750 suggests that the system belongs to a rich supercluster, which would presumably increase the likelihood of merger events. These new XMM-Newton data thus show that A1750 is a complex system, where two clusters are starting to interact before having re-established equilibrium after a previous merger. This merger within a merger indicates that the present day morphology of clusters may depend not only on on-going interactions or the last major merging event, but also on the more ancient merger history, especially in dense environments.