Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statement on the safety of EstroG‐100™ as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 258/97

Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to update its scientific opinion on the safety of EstroG‐100™ as a novel food (NF) in the light of additional information submitted by the applicant. In its previous scientific opinion of 2016, the Panel concluded that EstroG‐100™, which is a hot‐water extract of a mixture of three herbal roots, is safe for the use in food supplements at the maximum intake level of 175 mg/day in post‐menopausal women, which is lower than the maximum intake level proposed by the applicant (514 mg/day). The Panel reached its conclusions based on the effects of EstroG‐100™ on liver and haematology as observed in several oral toxicity studies, the lack of information on liver and haematological parameters in human studies and the absence of chronic toxicity data. In view of the Panel's conclusion on the safety of EstroG‐100™, the applicant has now provided additional information on haematological and liver parameters for the human intervention study with EstroG‐100™ and historical control data related to the subchronic 90‐day oral toxicity study with EstroG‐100™. After assessing the additional information provided by the applicant, the Panel considers that the conclusion of the scientific opinion on the safety of EstroG‐100™ does not need to be revised, and thus, the Panel reconfirms that the NF is safe for the use in food supplements at the maximum intake level of 175 mg/day in post‐menopausal women.
Early Maternal Spatial Support for Toddlers and Math Skills in Second Grade

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate whether maternal spatial support during two types of joint manipulative toy play tasks with 2-year-old children was longitudinally associated with math screening test scores in second grade. The interaction between spatial support and maternal education was explored as well. We also investigated predictions of a teacher rating of math performance at second grade, although these effects were less robust. Data were drawn from BONDS (The Behavior Outlook Norwegian Developmental Study), a longitudinal study of Norwegian children and their families. Participants were a subsample of 932 mothers and their 2-year-olds. Mothers were asked to help their children solve both a puzzle task and a shape-color sorting task. Mothers’ spatial support included spatial language, gestures, and placement of objects. Results showed that higher levels of spatial support during mother-child interaction tasks at 2 years of age was significantly associated with fewer math difficulties in second grade. This was the case for a puzzle task (a task associated with spatial visualization skills), but not for a shape-color sorting task (a task associated with shape and color feature discriminations). Conclusions are drawn with respect to the importance of identifying optimal parental spatial strategies associated with better math outcomes. These findings on parental facilitation of spatial skills during joint early play may be useful for future training interventions directed at parents of children at risk for poor math skills.
Changement d'échelle du transport hydrodynamique en méchelle : du pore à l'échelle de Darcy en utilisantla méthode Continuous Time Random Walk

The mechanisms responsible for anomalous (non-Fickian) hydrodynamictransport can be traced back to the complexity of the medium geometry atthe pore-scale. In this thesis, we investigate the dynamics of pore-scaleparticle velocities. Using particle tracking simulations performed on adigitized Berea sandstone sample, we present a detailed analysis of theevolution of the Lagrangian and Eulerian evolution and their dependenceon the initial conditions. The particles experience a complexintermittent temporal velocity signal along their streamline while theirspatial velocity series exhibit regular fluctuations. The spatialvelocity distribution of the particles converges quickly to thesteady-state. These results lead naturally to Markov processes for theprediction of these velocity series.These processes, together with the tortuosity and the velocitycorrelation distance that are properties of the medium, allow theparameterization of a continuous time random walk (CTRW) for theupscaling of the transport. The model, like any upscaled model, relieson the definition of a representative elementary volume (REV). We showthat an REV based on the velocity statistics allows defining a pertinentsupport for modeling pre-asymptotic to asymptotic hydrodynamictransport at Darcy scale using, for instance, CTRW, thus overcomingthe limitations associated with the Fickian advection dispersionequation. Finally, we investigate the impact of pore-scale heterogeneityon a bimolecular reaction and explore a methodology for the predictionof the mixing volume and the chemical mass produced.
An updated classification of the basal grade of Asteraceae (= Compositae): from Cabrera’s 1977 tribe Mutisieae to the present

ABSTRACT A thorough morphological circumscription of the tribe Mutisieae (Asteraceae) was established in 1977 by Angel L. Cabrera (1908–1999), who made fundamental worldwide contributions to the taxonomy of the family Asteraceae. The advance of molecular phylogenetic studies resulted in portrayals of relationships that have impacted the classification of the whole family and particularly of the Mutisieae. The publication of the book Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Compositae in 2009, with the collaboration of the main worldwide specialists in the family, represented another fundamental milestone in the classification of the tribe. Mutisieae, which was previously thought to be nested far up in the phylogenetic tree of the family, is now known to be a basal grade, becoming a focus of attention for synantherologists. Traditional Mutisieae, or Mutisieae sensu Cabrera, is now split into numerous new subfamilies, tribes and subtribes. As a result of these changes, genera within the tribe have been reduced from 89 to 48 through new synonymisations, transfers to other tribes, and partly offset by description of 23 new genera. The remaining genera of Mutisieae sensu Cabrera have been placed in tribes of different subfamilies. A synthesis of these changes is presented in tables, in an illustrated key, and in a synopsis of the subfamilies with keys to tribes within the subfamilies.
Health Behaviors in the Context of Malaria Treatment in Uganda

Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. There exists a very effective treatment for malaria, a class of drugs known as artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). However, it is estimated that only 12-22% of children with malaria were treated with an ACT in 2015 and, even when people take ACTs, they do not always complete the full treatment course. This dissertation examines malaria treatment behaviors in Central and Eastern Uganda. The first two chapters of this dissertation use a randomized controlled trial to evaluate interventions designed to increase patient adherence to the ACT treatment regimen. We find that 35% of patients who purchase subsidized ACTs from local drug shops in central Uganda do not complete the full 3-day treatment course. In the first chapter, we show that patients who felt better mid-way through treatment were more likely to stop taking the medication than those who were still unwell. However, short messages promoting adherence, delivered via stickers affixed to the standard ACT package, increased adherence rates by approximately 9%. The second chapter examines the impact of diagnostic testing for malaria on adherence to the malaria treatment regimen. Since most people do not receive a confirmed diagnosis of malaria before beginning treatment, uncertainty about the true cause of illness may be a factor in nonadherence. We find that patients who tested positive for malaria on a rapid diagnostic test did not have higher odds of adherence. However, we present some evidence that patients who tested positive were more likely to consume a few additional pills of the drug. The third chapter of this dissertation shows that the probability that a febrile patient has malaria declines substantially with the age of the patient and increases with the local village prevalence rate. We find, however, that ACT treatment rates are invariant to age and local prevalence, and beliefs about whether an illness is malaria also do not vary with age or prevalence. This work suggests that mis-perceptions of malaria risk may be contributing to the under-treatment of malaria in young children.
A new shape descriptor for road network separation from parking lots and intersection detection on VHR remote sensing images

ABSTRACT One of the main problems in automating road network extraction from high-resolution satellite images is the misclassification between roads and other spectrally similar objects. Significant work is already done on the road class refinement direction. But, extraction of the roads that are closely adjacent to parking lots/buildings and identification of major road intersection is still an issue as they are misclassified. In this paper, a new shape descriptor to separate roads from spectrally similar non-road objects and to identify road network intersection is proposed. The proposed approach classified the input image into road and non-road classes using spectral features at first. In the binary image, considering roads continuous and elongated homogeneous regions, a new shape descriptor measuring the continuity of road pixels in a different direction is applied. The experiments on worldview-2, Ikonos, and GeoEye images showed that the proposed method is simple and effective in automating the separation of roads which are connected to parking lots/buildings and it can identify road intersection correctly.
Anomaly Detection Based on Unsupervised Disentangled Representation Learning in Combination with Manifold Learning

Identifying anomalous samples from highly complex and unstructured data is a crucial but challenging task in a variety of intelligent systems. In this paper, we present a novel deep anomaly detection framework named AnoDM (standing for Anomaly detection based on unsupervised Disentangled representation learning and Manifold learning). The disentanglement learning is currently implemented by β-VAE for automatically discovering interpretable factorized latent representations in a completely unsupervised manner. The manifold learning is realized by t-SNE for projecting the latent representations to a 2D map. We define a new anomaly score function by combining β-VAE’s reconstruction error in the raw feature space and local density estimation in the t-SNE space. AnoDM was evaluated on both image and time-series data and achieved better results than models that use just one of the two measures and other deep learning methods.
Hyperons - a strange key to the strong interaction

Hyperons provide new insights into two of the most challenging problems in contemporary physics: a coherent and quantitative description of the strong interaction, and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. In these proceedings, I will demonstrate the merits of hyperons as a diagnostic tool using two recent measurements by the BESIII experiment as an illustrative example. Furthermore, I will highlight the prospect of future hyperon studies with the next-generation experiment PANDA at FAIR. Copyright K. Schönning et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Published by the SciPost Foundation. Received 28-11-2019 Accepted 27-01-2020 Published 25-02-2020 Check for updates doi:10.21468/SciPostPhysProc.3. 027
Identification of emotional and behavior problems in obese children using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and 17-items Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC-17)

Background Obesity can result in emotional and behavior problems in school-age children. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) is a standard instrument for evaluating behavior problems, however it is considered not practical. The 17-item Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC-17) is a more simple instrument but its diagnostic value has never been evaluated in obese children. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic value of PSC-17 compared to CBCL as the gold standard. Methods This cross-sectional study was done in May - June 2009. Children aged 6-12 years with obesity were included. Parents filled the CBCL and PSC-17 questionnaires. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios were calculated for PSC-17. Results Most subjects aged 6-9 years (83%). Boys out numbered girls. Emotional and behavior problems detected by CBCL and PSC-17 were identified in 28% and 22% subjects, respectively. The most common problem was internalization (withdrawal, somatic complaints, anxiety/depression). The PSC-17 had sensitivity and specificity of 69.2% and 95.6% respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 85.7% and 89%, whereas positive and negative likelihood ratios were 15.7 and 0.32. Conclusions The prevalence of emotional and behavior problems detected using CBCL and PSC-17 in obese children was 28% and 22%, respectively. The PSC-17 has moderate sensitivity to screen emotional and behavior problem in obese children. [Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:42-8].
Estudi de diferents moduladors de la microbiota i el seu efecte sobre la colitis ulcerosa i la diversitat microbiana

Studies of probiotics, fructan-type prebiotics, and synbiotics in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) show significant heterogeneity in methodology and results. Here, we study the efficacy of such interventions and the reasons for the heterogeneity of their results. Eligible random controlled trials were collected from the PUBMED and SCOPUS databases. A total of 18 placebo-controlled and active treatment-controlled (i.e., mesalazine) studies were selected with a Jadad score ≥ 3, including 1491 patients with UC. Data for prebiotics and synbiotics were sparse and consequently these studies were excluded from the meta-analysis. The UC remission efficacy of probiotics was measured in terms of relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR). Significant effects were observed in patients with active UC whenever probiotics containing bifidobacteria were used, or when adopting the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended scales (UC Disease Activity Index and Disease Activity Index). By the FDA recommended scales, the RR was 1.55 (CI95%: 1.13–2.15, p-value = 0.007, I2 = 29%); for bifidobacteria-containing probiotics, the RR was 1.73 (CI95%: 1.23–2.43, p-value = 0.002, I2 = 35%). No significant effects were observed on the maintenance of remission for placebo-controlled or mesalazine-controlled studies. We conclude that a validated scale is necessary to determine the state of patients with UC. However, probiotics containing bifidobacteria are promising for the treatment of active UC.
Providing a good start. Concerns of beginning secondary school teachers and support provided

ABSTRACT The first years in the teaching profession are often a challenge and most beginning teachers struggle with concerns. To support beginning teachers, induction programmes have been developed which should lead to an acceleration of growth in teaching skills and prevent drop-out. In this study, we explore the concerns of beginning teachers in secondary education and the support provided. Nineteen teachers in their first and 16 teachers in their second year of employment were questioned. Results show that first year teachers are mainly concerned about their lessons, but later the focus is moving inward to their professional teacher role and outward to the school organisation. The concerns of beginning teachers are being dealt with in a variety of support activities without a direct link between the two. Nevertheless, teachers seem to be able to cope if provided with sufficient support, a coach they can relate to and possibilities for informal feedback.
Extracting expected stock risk premia from option prices and the information contained in non-parametric-out-of-sample stochastic discount factors

This paper analyzes the factor structure and cross-sectional variability of a set of expected excess returns extracted from option prices and a non-parametric and out-of-sample stochastic discount factor. We argue that the existing potential segmentation between the equity and option markets makes it advisable to avoid using only option prices to extract expected equity risk premia. This set of expected risk premia significantly forecasts future realized returns, and the first two principal components explain 94.1% of the variability of expected returns. A multi-factor model with the market, quality, funding illiquidity, the default premium and the market-wide variance risk premium as factors significantly explains the cross-sectional variability of expected excess returns. The (asymptotically) different from zero adjusted cross-sectional R-squared statistic is 83.6%.
The Unexamined Identity: Students’ Conservative Ideology, Perspectives of Poverty, and Implications for Practice

ABSTRACT Political ideology, shaped by both social identity and policy preferences, may influence how social work students define and approach social justice. This study examines how the political ideology of conservative and moderate social work students relates to their attitudes about the poor, attributions for poverty, and preferred ways to address poverty. Findings demonstrate that those with more conservative ideologies held more negative perspectives of the poor, were more likely to attribute poverty to individual fault, and supported more limited interventions. Unpacking political ideology in the classroom is critical in understanding our power within practice. Further research should consider how social workers’ political ideology affects their work with clients and dedication to the social and economic justice mission of social work.
Sylwetka zawodowa pielęgniarki w opinii pacjentów

Wstep. Wspolczesne pielegniarstwo zmierza do zapewnienia spoleczenstwu opieki coraz doskonalszej pod wzgledem jakościowym zarowno w chorobie, jak i zdrowiu. Poznawanie opinii spolecznej na temat modelu wspolczesnej pielegniarki pozwala lepiej rozumiec i realizowac swoją role zawodową. Cel pracy. Celem badan bylo poznanie opinii spolecznej na temat modelu wspolczesnej pielegniarki. Material i metody. Badania przeprowadzono wśrod doroslych pacjentow Szpitala Wojewodzkiego we Wloclawku w styczniu i lutym 2008 roku. Objeto nimi 90 osob przebywających na 4 roznych oddzialach. Metode badan stanowil sondaz diagnostyczny. Zastosowano technike ankietową. Narzedzie badawcze stanowil kwestionariusz ankiety. Wyniki i wnioski. Badani najbardziej cenią u pielegniarki starannośc i dokladnośc w wykonywaniu zabiegow oraz serdecznośc i uprzejmośc w podejściu do chorego. Pacjenci wysoko oceniają poziom wyksztalcenia pielegniarki oraz posiadane przez nią specjalizacje. Zdecydowana wiekszośc badanych oczekuje od pielegniarki troskliwej opieki, a takze wsparcia. Respondenci darzą pielegniarke duzym zaufaniem oraz dobrze oceniają jej profesjonalizm.
Simulating Correlations of Structured Spontaneously Down‐Converted Photon Pairs

Introducing structure into photon pair generation via spontaneous parametric down‐conversion (SPDC) is shown to be useful for controlling the output state and exploiting new degrees of freedom for quantum technologies. This paper presents a new method for simulating first‐ and second‐order correlations of the down‐converted photons in the presence of structured pump beams and shaped nonlinear photonic crystals. This method is nonperturbative, and thus accounts for high‐order effects, and can be made very efficient using parallel computing. Experimental results of photodetection and coincidence rates in complex spatial configurations are recovered quantitatively by this method. These include SPDC in 2D nonlinear photonic crystals, as well as with structured light beams such as Laguerre Gaussian and Hermite Gaussian beams. This simulation method reveals conservation rules for the down‐converted signal and idler beams that depend on the nonlinear crystal modulation pattern and the pump shape. This scheme can facilitate the design of nonlinear crystals and pumping conditions for generating non‐classical light with pre‐defined properties.
"Incidence and Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Critical Care Patients, Families, and Practitioners"

Background: Anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common complications of critical illness. Their prevalence is known to be higher among patients than among the general population. Little is known about their prevalence among families and among critical care staff. Setting: general systems intensive care unit in a tertiary care university hospital Methods: We measured the features of PTSD, anxiety, and depression using validated scales (PSS-SR, Zung anxiety scale, and PHQ-9 respectively), employing an anonymous survey of sequential consenting patients admitted with critical illness, their associated family nextof-kin (NOK), and members of the clinical staff involved (medical, nursing, and allied health). Survey was administered to patients and NOK at 28 days after ICU discharge, and to staff at patient admission. Results: 30 patients, next-of-kin, and associated medical/nursing/allied health staff were approached. Participants included 60%, 50%, and 58% of eligible patients, NOK, and staff respectively. Among patients, NOK, and staff respectively, features consistent with the diagnoses of PTSD (50%, 33%, 19%), anxiety (61%, 33%, 41%), and depression (39%, 20%, 16%) were observed, substantially higher than expected based on population prevalence estimates. Conclusions: Adverse psychological phenomena occur among critically ill patients, NOK, and also among critical care staff at frequencies that are higher than expected compared with the general population. Further investigation may be appropriate.
Chemoprotective activity of 3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate on induced gastric mucosal injury in male rats

Mucosal damage in stomach therapy faces a major drawback in modern days due to the unpredictable side effects of the long-term uses of commercially available drugs. The aim of the present investigation study is to evaluate the chemoprotective activities of 3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in male albino rats. Rats were divided into two large groups, control group and ulcerated group. Aspirin (500 mg/kg/body weight for a week), and followed by the beginning of different experimental regimens for a total experimental duration of one month. Results of the present work showed that, the groups were treated with 3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate possessed protective activity by an increase the mucus level, protein granules and a great number of proliferation cells in the stomach. So this study suggests that, 3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate possesses significant gastroprotective and antioxidant activities against aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in male albino rats.