Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Vermicomposting for Combination of Organic Waste through Subsequent Treatment with Selected Microorganisms

The high volume of waste dumped per day leads to serious environmental issues. Among the issues is the generation of methane via anaerobic degradation of waste that contributes towards global warming. There are numerous options in minimizing organic waste disposed into landfills. This includes composting and vermicomposting. This research is aimed to investigate the possibility of treating selected organic wastes via vermicomposting using formulated microbial cocktail. Preliminary treatments were conducted to determine the degradation rate via vermicomposting of selected organic wastes namely spent tea, sugar cane bagasse and banana stem. For this purpose, 1 kg of the organic wastes were placed in plastic containers (50cm x 15cm x 25cm) where 10 Eudrillus Eugeniae average size of 5.5cm were introduced. No worms were added into the control set-ups. Three microbial consortia namely M, 3I1 and 3I3 (consisted of Basillusweihenstephanensis, Basilluspumillus, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Flavobacteriumjohnsoniae, Staphylococcus hominis and Bacillus licheniformis) of were added as the enhancer. With or without the application of 3I3 consortium has the largest difference compared to other experimental setups. It managed to enhance vermicomposting of combination of all three selected organic wastes in equal proportion by approximately 64% resulting with a degradation rate of 2.0 x 10 -1 kg per day. The percentage of reduction for carbon to nitrogen ratio indicated 50% for the same combination of wastes in just 5 days. This results indicates that the microbial consortium prepared via this research were able to enhance of the degradation of organic wastes namely sugar cane bagasse, spent tea and banana stem in different combinations. The use of soil was also eliminated as this research focuses more towards economic approach in managing organic waste. However, more extensive research should be conducted to investigate the commercial viability of this approach since this is only done in laboratory scale.
ESTIMATING CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS FROM ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION PATTERNS AND AIR MASSES

This paper was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the California Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and subcontractors make no warrant, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this paper; nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. This paper has not been approved or disapproved by the California Energy Commission, ARB, or Cal/EPA, nor has the California Energy Commission, ARB, or Cal/EPA passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this paper. D R A F T P A P E R
Numerical Study of Solitary Wave Slamming on a 3-D Flexible Plate by MPS-FEM Coupled Method

In this paper, the simulation of the interaction between three-dimension solitary wave and horizontal plate is investigated using the moving particle semi-implicit and finite element coupled method (MPS-FEM). The MPS method is used to calculate the fluid domain, while the FEM is adopted to solve the structure domain. The simulation of solitary wave slamming onto the flexible plate is initially conducted, the effects of wave amplitude and plate elevation on the wave-induced impact force are investigated. The interaction between wave and flexible plate is finally compared with that regarding the rigid plate to study the contribution of the structural flexibility to the wave-induced force and energy dissipation.
Emotional Symptoms in Inattentive Primary School Children

Objective: The present study investigates teacher and parent reports of inattention and emotional symptoms in 6,229 primary school children. Method: The assessment included the Emotional Symptoms subscale and the Impact scale from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the inattention items from the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham IV Questionnaire. Results: Children defined as inattentive showed a high risk of being defined as high scorers on the Emotional Symptoms subscale. A high score on both the Inattention and Emotional Symptoms subscales was associated with a high impact score. Teachers but not parents reported a higher risk of such co-occurrence of symptoms in girls than in boys. Conclusion: Inattentive children should be screened for emotional problems by use of the multi-informants method. (J. of Att. Dis. 2008; 11(5) 580-587 )
On the origin of the long-period tremor recorded at Stromboli volcano (Italy)

This investigation deals with the nature of the long-period seismic signals (>1 s) observed at Stromboli and addresses the question whether they are of volcanic origin or produced by sources such as Ocean Microseisms (OMS). We present results from the analysis of seismic broadband data recorded during 1992 by an array of 9 Guralp CMG-3T seismometers. The determination of the Array Response Function (ARF) shows that array techniques like delay-and-sum beamforming cannot be applied for this purpose, as the extension of the array is limited by the geographical constraint of the island of Stromboli volcano, being simply too small. Spectral analysis reveals three main peaks with periods at 4.8 s, 6 s and 10 s which are not stable in time but vary according to the regional meteorological situation. Whereas 4.8 s and 10 s show up in amplitude spectra calculated during rainy and stormy weather, the 6 s period can be observed during a period of good weather. The signals were first narrowly filtered and then cross correlation, particle motion and amplitudes of the main long periods studied in detail. Relative arrival times as well as seismic amplitudes of the filtered traces do not show any systematic feature but vary with time. Particle motion analysis demonstrates that all long-period signals are recorded by the array as plane waves and that the main propagation direction of the 10 s signal is parallel to the wind direction. No correlation with volcanic activity is obvious. We conclude therefore that the three main long periods are not generated by a close volcanic source. We assume a local cyclone to be the seismic source at 4.8 s and 10 s, which represent the Double Frequency (DF-band) and the Primary Frequency (PF-band), respectively. Concerning the 6 s peak, we speculate a cyclone near the British Isles to act as a seismic source.
Chlorination Disinfection By-Products and Risk of Congenital Anomalies in England and Wales

Background Increased risk of various congenital anomalies has been reported to be associated with trihalomethane (THM) exposure in the water supply. Objectives We conducted a registry-based study to determine the relationship between THM concentrations and the risk of congenital anomalies in England and Wales. Methods We obtained congenital anomaly data from the National Congenital Anomalies System, regional registries, and the national terminations registry; THM data were obtained from water companies. Total THM (< 30, 30 to < 60, ≥60 μg/L), total brominated exposure (< 10, 10 to < 20, ≥20 μg/L), and bromoform exposure (< 2, 2 to < 4, ≥4 μg/L) were modeled at the place of residence for the first trimester of pregnancy. We included 2,605,226 live births, stillbirths, and terminations with 22,828 cases of congenital anomalies. Analyses using fixed- and random-effects models were performed for broadly defined groups of anomalies (cleft palate/lip, abdominal wall, major cardiac, neural tube, urinary and respiratory defects), a more restricted set of anomalies with better ascertainment, and for isolated and multiple anomalies. Data were adjusted for sex, maternal age, and socioeconomic status. Results We found no statistically significant trends across exposure categories for either the broadly defined or more restricted sets of anomalies. For the restricted set of anomalies with isolated defects, there were significant (p < 0.05) excess risks in the high-exposure categories of total THMs for ventricular septal defects [odds ratio (OR) = 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–2.04] and of bromoform for major cardiovascular defects and gastroschisis (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.00–1.39; and OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.00–1.92, respectively). Conclusion In this large national study we found little evidence for a relationship between THM concentrations in drinking water and risk of congenital anomalies.
Chlorination Disinfection By-products and Pancreatic Cancer Risk

Chlorination disinfection by-products (CDBPs) are produced during the treatment of water with chlorine to remove bacterial contamination. CDBPs have been associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. There is also some evidence that they may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. We report results from a population-based case–control study of 486 incident cases of pancreatic cancer and 3,596 age- and sex-matched controls. Exposure to chlorination by-products was estimated by linking lifetime residential histories to two different databases containing information on CDBP levels in municipal water supplies. Logistic regression analysis found no evidence of increased pancreatic cancer risk at higher CDBP concentrations (all odds ratios < 1.3). Null findings were also obtained assuming a latency period for pancreatic cancer induction of 3, 8, or 13 years.
Effectiveness of mHealth Interventions in the Control of Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients After a Coronary Event: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Coronary artery disease is the main cause of death and loss of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Information and communication technology has become an important part of health care systems, including the innovative cardiac rehabilitation services through mobile phone and mobile health (mHealth) interventions. Objective In this study, we aimed to determine the effectiveness of different kinds of mHealth programs in changing lifestyle behavior, promoting adherence to treatment, and controlling modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and psychosocial outcomes in patients who have experienced a coronary event. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A thorough search of the following biomedical databases was conducted: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SciELO, CINAHL, Scopus, The Clinical Trial, and Cochrane. Articles that were randomized clinical trials that involved an intervention consisting of an mHealth program using a mobile app in patients after a coronary event were included. The articles analyzed some of the following variables as outcome variables: changes in lifestyle behavior, cardiovascular risk factors, and anthropometric and psychosocial variables. A meta-analysis of the variables studied was performed with the Cochrane tool. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool; the quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool; and heterogeneity was measured using the I2 test. Results A total of 23 articles were included in the review, and 20 (87%) were included in the meta-analysis, with a total sample size of 4535 patients. Exercise capacity measured using the 6-minute walk test (mean difference=21.64, 95% CI 12.72-30.55; P<.001), physical activity (standardized mean difference [SMD]=0.42, 95% CI 0.04-0.81; P=.03), and adherence to treatment (risk difference=0.19, 95% CI 0.11-0.28; P<.001) were significantly superior in the mHealth group. Furthermore, both the physical and mental dimensions of quality of life were better in the mHealth group (SMD=0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.44; P=.004 and SMD=0.27, 95% CI 0.06-0.47; P=.01, respectively). In addition, hospital readmissions for all causes and cardiovascular causes were statistically higher in the control group than in the mHealth group (SMD=–0.03, 95% CI –0.05 to –0.00; P=.04 vs SMD=–0.04, 95% CI –0.07 to –0.00; P=.05). Conclusions mHealth technology has a positive effect on patients who have experienced a coronary event in terms of their exercise capacity, physical activity, adherence to medication, and physical and mental quality of life, as well as readmissions for all causes and cardiovascular causes. Trial Registration PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) CRD42022299931; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=299931
Waddle - Always-canonical Intermediate Representation

WADDLE – ALWAYS-CANONICAL INTERMEDIATE REPRESENTATION by Eric Fritz The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2018 Under the Supervision of Professor John Boyland Program transformations that are able to rely on the presence of canonical properties of the program undergoing optimization can be written to be more robust and efficient than an equivalent but generalized transformation that also handles non-canonical programs. If a canonical property is required but broken earlier in an earlier transformation, it must be rebuilt (often from scratch). This additional work can be a dominating factor in compilation time when many transformations are applied over large programs. This dissertation introduces a methodology for constructing program transformations so that the program remains in an always-canonical form as the program is mutated, making only local changes to restore broken properties.
Plant Disturbance Ecology: The Process and the Response

BACKGROUND: Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry in Perspective The Soil Habitat SOIL BIOTA: Physiological and Biochemical Methods for Studying Soil Biota and Their Function Molecular Methods for Studying Soil Ecology The Prokaryotes Fungi and Eukaryotic Algae Fauna: The Engine for Microbial Activity and Transport CONCEPTS AND INTERACTIONS: The Ecology of Soil Organisms The Physiology and Biochemistry of Soil Organisms The Ecology of Plant-Microbial Mutualisms Spatial Distribution of Soil Organisms BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY: Carbon Cycling and Formation of Soil Organic Matter Nitrogen Transformations Biological N Inputs Soil Biogeochemical Cycling of Inorganic Nutrients and Metals The Dynamics of Soil Organic Matter and Nutrient Cycling THE MANAGEMENT OF SOIL ORGANISMS: Management of Organisms and Their Processes in Soils Soil Microbiology, Ecology, and Biochemistry for the 21st Century
Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Association with Serostatus Disclosure among People Living with HIV in Ethiopia:  A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is a public health challenge worldwide. Non-adherence to HAART leads to treatment, immunologic, and virological failure. Despite different interventions made, adherence to HAART among adult people living with HIV (PLWHIV) is still inconsistent across studies, and the effect of serostatus disclosure on adherence to HAART was not studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, the study is aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of adherence to HAART and its relationship with serostatus disclosure among adult PLWHIV in Ethiopia.Methods: We searched 3247 original articles, both published and unpublished on Ethiopia dated from January 2016 to November 2019 by using different search engines. Data were extracted using Microsoft excel. New Castle Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used. STATA software version 11 was used for analysis. A random-effects model for meta-analysis was computed. Cochran Q statistics and I2 were used to estimate heterogeneity. Egger’s and Begg’s test was used to assess the publication bias.Results: A total of fifteen articles for systematic review and four articles for meta-analysis were used. The pooled prevalence of adherence to HAART is found to be 81.19% (80.1, 82.3). In the subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of adherence to HAART was 79.82% (73.19, 86.45) in the Oromia region, 82.51 %( 73.14, 91.87) in the Amhara region, and 72.7% (63.78, 81.61) in the Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR). The serostatus disclosure improves adherence to HAART by nearly three times compared to non-serostatus disclosed PLWHIV (AOR=2.99, 95 %CI: 1.88, 4.77). Conclusions: The pooled prevalence of adherence to HAART among adult PLWHIV in Ethiopia was found to be low compared to WHO antiretroviral treatment recommendations. Having serostatus disclosure improved adherence to HAART.
A contextual view on the role of contemporary architecture in urban tourism destinations: exploring why contemporary architecture is attracting tourism

Architecture forms an inherent part of urban tourism. Nevertheless, so far little research has been carried out regarding the interdependencies between urban tourism and architecture in general, as well as contemporary architecture in particular. Furthermore, there is a lack of literature regarding the reasons for contemporary architecture attracting tourism. Therefore, the present thesis is based on two principle research questions: 1. What is the role of contemporary architecture in urban tourism destinations? 2. Why is contemporary architecture attracting tourism? Taking a twofold approach, the theoretical part of the thesis was based on a comprehensive literature review – including a wide variety of related disciplines – and dedicated to the first principle research question. Thus, by means of a contextual view, it was demonstrated that contemporary architecture can play a multitude of important roles in urban tourism, and contribute to the image of an urban destination. Devoted to the second principle research question, the empirical part of the thesis was built on exploratory case study research at the locations of Berlin and Beijing. First, by means of content analysis of travel guidebooks, for both case study locations a sample of contemporary architecture with significance for tourism has been identified. And secondly, for each of the samples’ units of analysis, a specific level of touristic significance, related to different roles (or types) of tourists, has been measured. Furthermore, specific features and characteristics, distinguishing the selected architectures, have been observed and allocated. Using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis techniques, during the ensuing data evaluation, those features and combinations of features with an influence on the touristic significance of contemporary architecture have been identified. As a result, around 50% of the analysed relations showed significant signs of dependency. Important modalities for the touristic significance of contemporary architecture turned out to be, for instance, having a touristic function, being accessible for visitors, being of large size and showing predominance towards the surrounding built environment. However, depending on the evaluated roles of tourists, the results differed.
Impacts of seabirds on plant and soil properties

This chapter discusses the common effects of seabirds on island soils and plant chemistry. It examines seabirddeposited nitrogen and phosphorus, commonly known as guano, and their effects in soils and plants. It analyzes the study of J. C. Ellis in his 2005 paper concerning the status of plant biomass, species richness, and community composition in seabird colonies. It explores the extent to which such impacts are consistent among different systems through the comparison of soil and leaf chemistry. It also evaluates the extent to which plant characteristics, such as growth form and life history, can explain differences in responses to seabird densities between systems.
Impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment on smoking cessation intervention in ADHD smokers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE High smoking rates in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and nicotine's amelioration of ADHD suggest that effective ADHD treatment might facilitate abstinence in smokers with ADHD. The present study evaluated if using osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) to treat ADHD enhances response to smoking cessation treatment in smokers with ADHD. METHOD A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 11-week trial with a 1-month follow-up was conducted at 6 clinical sites between December 2005 and January 2008. Adults (aged 18-55 years) meeting DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and interested in quitting smoking were randomly assigned to OROS-MPH titrated to 72 mg/d (n = 127) or placebo (n = 128). All participants received brief weekly individual smoking cessation counseling for 11 weeks and 21 mg/d nicotine patches starting on the smoking quit day (day 27) through study week 11. Outcome measures included prolonged smoking abstinence and DSM-IV ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) score. RESULTS Of 255 randomly assigned participants, 204 (80%) completed the trial. Prolonged abstinence rates, 43.3% and 42.2%, for the OROS-MPH and placebo groups, respectively, did not differ significantly (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.63-1.79; P = .81). Relative to placebo, OROS-MPH evidenced a greater reduction in DSM-IV ADHD-RS score (P < .0001) and in cigarettes per day during the post-quit phase (P = .016). Relative to placebo, OROS-MPH increased blood pressure and heart rate to a statistically, but not clinically, significant degree (P < .05); medication discontinuation did not differ significantly between treatments. CONCLUSIONS Treatment for ADHD did not improve smoking cessation success; OROS-MPH, relative to placebo, effectively treated ADHD and was safe and generally well tolerated in this healthy sample of adult ADHD smokers. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT00253747.
Galactic Cosmic-Ray Anisotropies: Voyager 1 in the Local Interstellar Medium

Since crossing the heliopause on 2012 August 25, Voyager 1 observed reductions in galactic cosmic ray count rates caused by a time-varying depletion of particles with pitch angles near 90°, while intensities of particles with other pitch angles remain unchanged. Between late 2012 and mid-2017, three large-scale events occurred, lasting from ∼100 to ∼630 days. Omnidirectional and directional high-energy data from Voyager 1’s Cosmic Ray Subsystem are used to report cosmic ray intensity variations. Omnidirectional (≳20 MeV) proton-dominated measurements show up to a 3.8% intensity reduction. Bidirectional (≳70 MeV) proton-dominated measurements taken from various spacecraft orientations provide insight about the depletion region’s spatial properties. We characterize the anisotropy as a “notch” in an otherwise uniform pitch angle distribution of varying depth and width centered about 90° in pitch angle space. The notch averages 22° wide and 15% deep, signifying a depletion region that is broad and shallow. There are indications that the anisotropy is formed by a combination of magnetic trapping and cooling downstream of solar-induced transient disturbances in a region that is also likely influenced by the highly compressed fields near the heliopause.
Pilgrims on the Ice: Robert Falcon Scott's First Antarctic Expedition

Contents: List of Illustrations Preface To the Land of Unsurpassed Desolation The Determined Old Man Old Men Bicker From the East India Docks From England to Cape Town From Cape Town to New Zealand May You Always Sail in Open Water The Winter Summer 1902-1903 The Attempt on the Pole The Relief Expedition Red Sunset of Noon Is Vanishing Fast The Grand Old Man Falters From Ice to Champagne Conclusion Notes Selected Bibliography Index Illustrations Drawings: Sir Clements Markham Robert Falcon Scott Ernest Shackleton Chinstrap penguin Adelie penguin Emperor penguins Maps: Antarctica Ross Island area