Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CREATING SHARED VALUE AND JOB PERPERFORMANCE

Research question : The salience of creating shared value (CSV) in innovating the process of social change has been acknowledged; however, we know little about CSV from views of employees who create shared value. This study examined how employees of a sport organization perceive their organization’s CSV, and assessed the connections between employee CSV perception, vision integration, work engagement, and job performance. Research methods : A new scale of employee CSV perception was validated using data from 207 employees within a sport organization in China. Structural equation modeling was performed, with a separate sample of 181 employees, to test the hypothesized relationships. The data were obtained through web-based questionnaires. Results and findings : Employee CSV perception—formed as a second-order factor including sport, social, and economic values—was positively associated with vision integration. Subsequently, vision integration had a positive relationship with in-role behavior (i.e., a measure of job performance), and this relationship was mediated by work engagement. Implications : This study advances a theoretical understanding of CSV from the employees’ perspective. Findings suggest that a sport organization can use CSV to increase employees’ adoption of its vision, work engagement, and in-role behavior through team-building activities that facilitate employees’ understanding of the vision.
A computational model for interpretable visual category discovery of foliar shapes Modelo computacional para el descubrimiento interpretable de categorías de formas foliares

Leaf morphological description studies are complex because they require highly trained personnel and the consultation of a large amount of available documentation, such as visual category systems in botanical manuals, books, online databases, and herbariums, and commonly should be contrasted with other experts. These studies require a significant resource investment and a high manual workload. On the other hand, the number of botanists available and in training for performing these studies cannot meet the current needs of the growing amount of foliar information resulting from automation and the increasing complexity of research questions. In this scenario, automatic computational processes are required to provide a qualitative and quantitative morphological description that significantly alleviates the experts’ workload. The difficulty of using automatic approaches in morphological analysis materializes if any of these functionalities are missing: 1. extracting the relevant features from the shape so that they can be analyzed separately, 2. producing robust categories that emerge from the representation of each feature, and 3. explanatory capacity of the categories in the context of the biological problem. This work proposes a computational strategy for discovering leaf-shape categories that helps to overcome these limitations. First, an algorithm extracts each feature and represents it appropriately (contractive) in a specific feature space (morphospace). Then, the points in the morphospace are analyzed and organized under the concepts of neighborhood, cohesion, and persistence. The method accounts for these features and analyzes the number of clusters for all neighborhood sizes, and chooses the optimal number of clusters, in other words, the number of categories. This system of categories has the property of explaining the underlying phenomenon qualitatively and quantitatively. In this way, during the neighborhood analysis, the categorization dendrogram emerges. Finally, the interpretation of the results is given by the morphospace and by the dendrogram. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated against category systems established by experts. The results show that the proposed approach can produce useful categorizations similar to what is reported in Hickey’s manual, a widely used botanist manual. This approach allows biologists to make qualitative and quantitative descriptions of leaf morphology, helping them to describe variability, taxonomy, plasticity, adaptation, and ecological changes.
REVISTA EVIDENCIAÇÃO CONTÁBIL & FINANÇAS

Objective: The objective of this paper has been to analyze different trading strategies for the Brazilian stock market. This analysis is focused on the comparison and combination of different active rules against the passive rule of buy-and-hold. Background: The role of regional leader of the Brazilian stock market has attracted the attention of the investors, who now consider it a valid alternative when seeking to diversify their portfolios. Consequently, an adequate use of the Technical Trading Rules (TTR) could help investors obtain the desired profits on their investments. Method: We compare the performance of active strategies based on classical TTRs with a proposal based on the momentum indicator, and then all of them with those obtained from the passive strategy of buy-and-hold. Reality Check and Superior Predictive Ability tests are employed to account for possible data snooping bias. Results: It is shown that the classical rules perform worse than a proposed rule based on the Rate of Change. Additionally, when we employ an ETF which tracks the smaller companies, we obtain higher performances than those obtained for larger companies. 1 Paper received on: 07/12/2017. Peer reviewed on: 06/19/2017. Reformulated on: 11/29/2017. Recommended for publication in: 01/11/2018 by Luiz Felipe de Araújo Pontes Girão (Editor in chief). Published: 01/21/2018. Organisation responsible for the journal: UFPB. 2 Address: Avda. de Elvas, s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Espanha. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.18405/recfin20180208 This paper has been financially supported by the Junta de Extremadura under the V Action Plan for Research and Development 2014/17 through the GIMAF research group (reference GR15027). Miralles-Quiros, J. L. , Miralles-Quiros, M. M. & Gonçalves, L. M. V. Revista Evidenciação Contábil & Finanças, ISSN 2318-1001, João Pessoa, v.6, n.2, p.133-150, mai. /ago. 2018. 134 Contributions: This analysis is especially interesting because, to our knowledge, there is no empirical evidence in that sense for the Brazilian stock market. Additionally, we extend the previous evidence by focusing on three ETFs that track large, medium and small companies of the Brazilian stock market and, therefore, the results obtained from our analysis will provide a better vision of the investment opportunities than what the previous empirical evidence has shown.
Title: Sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical factors associated with uptake of genetic counseling for hereditary cancer: a systematic review

Evidence suggests that a significant proportion of individuals referred to cancer genetic counselling (GC) do not attend, and thus may not be engaged in adequate cancer risk management. We aimed to review the literature to better understand barriers to accessing GC and how they may be overcome. We conducted a systematic literature search for articles examining factors influencing cancer GC uptake as well as motivators and barriers to GC attendance. Factors were categorised as sociodemographic, psychosocial or clinical. The literature search identified 1,413 citations, 35 of which met the inclusion criteria. GC uptake ranged from 19% to 88%. With the exceptions of education level, socioeconomic status, cancer-specific distress, personal cancer diagnosis and actual and perceived risk of cancer, support was lacking for most sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial factors as predictors of GC uptake. Cost and logistical barriers, emotional concerns, family concerns and low perceived personal relevance were reported as important considerations for those declining GC. We conclude that there is poor understanding of GC and a lack of decision support among those referred to GC. Research into ways of providing education and support to referred individuals will be important as the scope and availability of genetic counselling and testing broaden.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES A COGNITIVE VIEW OF POLICING

What causes adverse policing outcomes, such as excessive uses of force and unnecessary arrests? Prevailing explanations focus on problematic officers or deficient regulations and oversight. Here, we introduce a new, overlooked perspective. We suggest that the cognitive demands inherent in policing can undermine officer decision-making. Unless officers are prepared for these demands, they may jump to conclusions too quickly without fully considering alternative ways of seeing a situation. This can lead to adverse policing outcomes. To test this perspective, we created a new training that teaches officers to more deliberately consider different ways of interpreting the situations they encounter. We evaluated this training using a randomized controlled trial with 2,070 officers from the Chicago Police Department. In a series of lab assessments, we find that treated officers were significantly more likely to consider a wider range of evidence and develop more explanations for subjects' actions. Critically, we also find that training affected officer performance in the field, leading to reductions in uses of force, discretionary arrests, and arrests of Black civilians. Meanwhile, officer activity levels remained unchanged, and trained officers were less likely to be injured on duty. Our results highlight the value of considering the cognitive aspects of policing and demonstrate the power of using behaviorally informed approaches to improve officer decision-making and policing outcomes. Oeindrila Dube University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy 1307 E 60th St Chicago, IL 60637 and NBER odube@uchicago.edu Sandy Jo MacArthur University of Chicago Crime Lab 692 Languid Lane Simi Valley, CA 93065 sandyjo.macarthur@gmail.com Anuj K. Shah University of Chicago Booth School of Business 5807 South Woodlawn Avenue Chicago, IL 60637 anuj.shah@chicagobooth.edu
What do financial markets say about the exchange rate?∗

Financial markets play two roles with implications for the exchange rate: they accommodate risk-sharing and act as a source of shocks. In prevailing theories, these roles are seen as mutually exclusive and individually face challenges in explaining exchange rate dynamics. However, we demonstrate that this is not necessarily the case. We develop an analytical framework that characterizes the link between exchange rates and finance across all conceivable market structures. Our findings indicate that full market segmentation is not necessary for financial shocks to explain exchange rates. Moreover, risk-sharing can have a significant role without leading to the traditional puzzles associated with the macro disconnect. We identify plausible market structures where both roles coexist, addressing challenges faced when examined separately. JEL classification codes: E44, F31, G15.
Actin Binding Domains Direct Actin-Binding Proteins to Different Cytoskeletal Locations

Background: Filamin (FLN) and non-muscle α-actinin are members of a family of F-actin crosslinking proteins that utilize Calponin Homology domains (CH-domain) for actin binding. Although these two proteins have been extensively characterized, little is known about what regulates their binding to F-actin filaments in the cell. Results: We have constructed fusion proteins consisting of green fluorescent protein (GFP) with either the entire cross-linking protein or its actin-binding domain (ABD) and examined the localization of these fluorescent proteins in living cells under a variety of conditions. The full-length fusion proteins, but not the ABD's complemented the defects of cells lacking both endogenous proteins indicating that they are functional. The localization patterns of filamin (GFP-FLN) and αactinin (GFP-αA) were overlapping but distinct. GFP-FLN localized to the peripheral cell cortex as well as to new pseudopods of unpolarized cells, but was observed to localize to the rear of polarized cells during cAMP and folate chemotaxis. GFP-αA was enriched in new pseudopods and at the front of polarized cells, but in all cases was absent from the peripheral cortex. Although both proteins appear to be involved in macropinocytosis, the association time of the GFP-probes with the internalized macropinosome differed. Surprisingly, the localization of the GFP-actin-binding domain fusion proteins precisely reflected that of their respective full length constructs, indicating that the localization of the protein was determined by the actin-binding domain alone. When expressed in a cell line lacking both filamin and α-actinin, the probes maintain their distinct localization patterns suggesting that they are not functionally redundant. Conclusion: These observations strongly suggest that the regulation of the binding of these proteins to actin filaments is built into the actin-binding domains. We suggest that different actin binding domains have different affinities for F-actin filaments in functionally distinct regions of the cytoskeleton. Background Amoeboid motility plays an important role in the processes of tissue repair, the immune response, morphogenesis and metastatic disease. The polymerization of new actin filaments provides the mechanical force for membrane protrusion and a number of proteins and protein complexes that nucleate new filament polymerization have been characterized [1-4]. However, the problem of Published: 13 February 2008 BMC Cell Biology 2008, 9:10 doi:10.1186/1471-2121-9-10 Received: 14 July 2007 Accepted: 13 February 2008 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2121/9/10 © 2008 Washington and Knecht; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
WBI Studies Repository WBI Studies Associations between Domestic-Dog Morphology and Behaviour Associations between Domestic-Dog Morphology and Behaviour Scores in the Dog Mentality Assessment Scores in the Dog Mentality Assessment

The domestic dog shows a wide range of morphologies, that humans have selected for in the process of creating unique breeds. Recent studies have revealed correlations between changes in morphology and behaviour as reported by owners. For example, as height and weight decrease, many undesirable behaviours (non-social fear, hyperactivity and attention seeking) become more apparent. The current study aimed to explore more of these correlations, but this time used reports from trained observers. Phenotypic measurements were recorded from a range of common dog breeds (n = 45) and included cephalic index (CI: the ratio of skull width to skull length), bodyweight, height and sex. These data were then correlated with results from the Dog Mentality Assessment (DMA), which involves trained observers scoring a dog ’ s reaction to stimuli presented over 10 standardised subtests. Each subtest is designed to evoke a behavioural response. Backward elimination and weighted step-wise regression revealed that shorter dogs demonstrated more aggressive tenden-cies, reacting defensively toward both assistants dressed as ghosts (p = 0.045), and to a dummy (p = 0.008). Taller dogs were more affectionate when greeting and being handled by humans (p = 0.007, p = < 0.001, respectively). Taller dogs were also more cooperative (p = < 0.001), and playful (p = 0.001) with humans than shorter dogs. Heavier dogs were more inquisitive toward a dummy (p = 0.011), to the source of a metallic noise (p = 0.010) and to an assistant (p = 0.003). Heavier dogs were also more attentive to the ghosts (p = 0.013). In comparison, lighter dogs were cautious of a
The influence of an ecosystem engineer on nutrient subsidies and fish invasions in southwestern Montana

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES vii CHAPTER 1 – Introduction and overview 1 CHAPTER 2 – Beaver expand aquatic carbon resource sheds 6 Abstract 6 Introduction 7 Methods 10 Study sites 10 Vegetation sampling 10 Aquatic macroinvertebrate sampling 11 Terrestrial Lycosid sampling 12 P. maniculatus sampling 12 Isotope analysis 13 Results 15 Vegetation 15 Isotopic signatures 15 Aquatic macroinvertebrates 15 Abundances 15 Isotopic signatures 16 Focal terrestrial consumers 17 Isotopic signatures 17 Abundances 17 Tracing aquatic subsidies 17 Discussion 18
Novel polygenic risk score links depression-related cortical transcriptomic changes to brain morphology and depressive symptoms in men

Our group developed a transcriptome-based polygenic risk score (T-PRS) that uses common genetic variants to capture "depression-like" shifts in cortical gene expression. Here, we mapped T-PRS onto diagnosis and symptom severity in major depressive disorder (MDD) cases and controls from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). To evaluate potential mechanisms, we further mapped T-PRS onto discrete measures of brain morphology and broad depression risk in healthy young adults. Genetic, self-report, and/or neuroimaging data were available in 29,340 PGC participants (59% women; 12,923 MDD cases, 16,417 controls) and 482 participants in the Duke Neurogenetics Study (DNS: 53% women; aged 19.8 +/- 1.2 years). T-PRS was computed from SNP data using PrediXcan to impute cortical expression levels of MDD-related genes from a previous post-mortem transcriptome meta-analysis. Sex-specific regressions were used to test effects of T-PRS on depression diagnosis, symptom severity, and Freesurfer-derived subcortical volume, cortical thickness, surface area, and local gyrification index in the PGC and DNS samples, respectively. T-PRS did not predict depression diagnosis (OR=1.007, 95%CI=[0.997-1.018]); however, it correlated with symptom severity in men (rho=0.175, p=7.957x10-4) in one large PGC cohort (N=762, 48% men). In DNS, T-PRS was associated with smaller amygdala volume in women ({beta}=-0.186, t=-3.478, p=.001) and less prefrontal gyrification (max[≤]-2.970, p[≤].006) in both sexes. In men, prefrontal gyrification mediated an indirect effect of T-PRS on broad depression risk (b=.005, p=.029), indexed using self-reported family history of depression. Depression-like shifts in cortical gene expression predict symptom severity in men and may contribute to disease vulnerability through their effect on cortical gyrification.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia in high risk patients: A single center experience -

Aim: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is routinely done with general anesthesia except for patients that are considered too sick for general anesthesia. The goal of this study was to investigate the availability, safety, and side effects of spinal anesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and Methods: Patients with high risk for general anesthesia who admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were given the choice of spinal anesthesia instead of general anesthesia. In Ortadogu Private Hospital, Adana, Turkey; 371 subjects were prospectively admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia between January 2015 and January 2018. All volunteers provided informed consent. The spinal anesthesia procedure was done similar to the general anesthesia protocol with no modifications. Intra-abdominal pressure was sustained within the 8-10 mmHg range. A 3.5mL bupivacaine (0.5%)/fentanyl (20 μg) mixture was used for spinal anesthesia. Data collected for demographics, ASA scores, surgery duration, comorbidities, and sedation medication/dosage were reviewed. Results: A total of 232 women (62.6%) and 139 men (37.4%) comprised the study. The subjects averaged 51 years of age (range: 37-89). Patients were classified into the following ASA categories: ASA II: 48 subjects (12.9%), ASA III: 197 subjects (53.1%), ASA IV: 126 subjects (34.0%). Surgery was performed successfully in 371 patients. Spinal anesthesia was adapted to general anesthesia for 2 (0.5%) subjects. The average operation time was 38.1 minutes (range: 16-74 minutes). O2 saturation was 97.8% on average for all patients. Right shoulder pain was documented in 14.5% of the patients, and a shoulder massage alleviated the discomfort in most subjects. Conclusions: Spinal anesthesia should be the anesthesia of choice dues to its numerous advantages in high-risk patients related to general anesthesia.
Gender Differences in Factors Influencing First Intercourse Among Urban Students in Chile

This study examined factors significantly associated with early sexual initiation in Chile. Data were obtained from a baseline survey among 4248 urban students aged 11-19 years in March 1994. The survey was conducted before a sex education and reproductive health services program was initiated. It was hypothesized that early first sexual intercourse (FSI) would be associated with family structure parental education academic performance peer group influences use of drugs and alcohol and attitudes toward sexuality and early parenthood. The instrument was based on one used to evaluate a sex education program in Baltimore Maryland. Bivariate analyses and analyses of five separate multivariate logistic models were performed. The findings confirm that the factors associated with initiation of FSI were the same in the US and Chile. The final reduced model revealed that the significant factors associated with increased odds of FSI for males were as follows: age attitudes about the type of relationship appropriate for sexual intercourse a perception of the ideal age of FSI their current relationship perception of peers sexual experience belief that early parenthood limits employment options and risk behaviors of ever having smoked or used marijuana. For women the significant factors predicting sexual initiation were the same in individual and final models for sexual attitudes and relationship variables. The attitudes toward early pregnancy and ever having smoked cigarettes became insignificant in the final model. Significant factors were similar among both sexes regardless of whether the context contained machismo or not.
Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with lung disease: kidney-lung crosstalk

Objective To examine the factors associated with acute kidney injury and outcome in patients with lung disease. Methods A prospective study was conducted with 100 consecutive patients admitted to a respiratory intensive care unit in Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. The risk factors for acute kidney injury and mortality were investigated in a group of patients with lung diseases. Results The mean age of the study population was 57 years, and 50% were male. The incidence of acute kidney injury was higher in patients with PaO2/FiO2<200 mmHg (54% versus 23.7%; p=0.02). Death was observed in 40 cases and the rate of mortality of the acute kidney injury group was higher (62.8% versus 27.6%; p=0.01). The independent factor that was found to be associated with acute kidney injury was PaO2/FiO2<200 mmHg (p=0.01), and the independent risk factors for death were PEEP at admission (OR: 3.6; 95%CI: 1.3-9.6; p=0.009) and need for hemodialysis (OR: 7.9; 95%CI: 2.2-28.3; p=0.001). Conclusion There was a higher mortality rate in the acute kidney injury group. Increased mortality was associated with mechanical ventilation, high PEEP, urea and need for dialysis. Further studies must be performed to better establish the relationship between kidney and lung injury and its impact on patient outcome.