Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peach fruit PpNAC1 activates PpFAD3-1 transcription to provide ω-3 fatty acids for the synthesis of short-chain flavor volatiles

Abstract Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from fatty acids are major contributors to fruit flavor and affect human preferences. The ω-3 fatty acid linolenic acid 3 (18:3) serves as an important precursor for synthesis of (E)-2-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexenol. These short-chain C6 VOCs provide unique fresh notes in multiple fruit species. Metabolic engineering to improve fruit aroma requires knowledge of the regulation of fatty acid-derived VOCs. Here, we determined that ripe fruit-specific expression of PpFAD3-1 contributes to 18:3 synthesis in peach fruit. However, no significant increases in (E)-2-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexenol were detected after overexpressing PpFAD3-1. Interestingly, overexpressing the PpNAC1 transcription factor increased the content of 18:3 and enhanced the production of its derived volatiles. Moreover, induced expression of genes responsible for downstream VOC synthesis was observed for transgenic tomato fruit overexpressing PpNAC1, but not for transgenic fruit overexpressing PpFAD3-1. Electrophoretic mobility shift and ChIP-Seq assays showed that PpNAC1 activated PpFAD3-1 expression via binding to its promoter. Therefore, PpNAC1 plays an important role in modulating fatty acid flux to produce fruit flavor-related VOCs. In addition to PpNAC1, PpFAD3-1 expression was also associated with epigenetic modifications during peach fruit ripening. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating biosynthesis of fatty acid and short-chain VOCs in fruit.
Research partnerships across international contexts: a practice of unity or plurality?

ABSTRACT Partnership is not a benign practice; it is culturally and ethically loaded. The way in which partnerships are construed in international research determines its design, ethics and impacts. Despite this, and the growing assumption of partnership practice in our field, the concept has become increasingly abstract and the practice under-analysed. This article provides critical perspectives of current understandings of partnership in international development research from three angles: the motivations behind partnership working; an epistemological perspective in relation to epistemic justice and the agency of language; and finally, the systems that mediate partnerships, and the range of resources that guide them.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Steppe Whiskered Bat (Myotis aurascens; Kuzyakin, 1935) and phylogenetic analysis

Abstract In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Steppe Whiskered Bat was sequenced for the first time using muscular tissue. The whole mitochondrial genome was 16,771 bp in length, consisting of two ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and one control region (D-loop). Phylogenetic analysis using PAUP based on mitochondrial genome (12 PCGs, except ND6) of 16 other Vespertilionidae species revealed the close relationship of M. aurascens with other related Myotis species.
Relationship between Eye Blink Frequency and Incremental Exercise among Young Healthy Men

The aim of the study was to verify the correlation between the frequency of blinking and aerobic physical exercise. The research subjects were 13 healthy man aged 23.3 ± 1 year. Measurements of the blink rate and eye closure times were performed during a progressive aerobic test on a cycle ergometer. During the test, power was gradually increased every minute by 25 W, starting from 50 W. Data acquisition involved using a GoPro camera mounted to the helmet of the research subject. The test continued until the research subject refused to continue. The subjects did not know the goal of the test, in order to ensure objectivity and obtain natural results. The largest number of statistically significant differences was observed between the initial stages and 250 W, as well as between 250 W and 325 W. The analysis showed no significant differences in blink rate, eye closure time, and single blink time in terms of heart rate ranges. Regression models were also determined for eye closure time, blink frequency, and single blink time. The analysis showed that blink frequency and eye closure time were determined by a group of factors (the value of cycle ergometer load power, heart rate, body weight, adipose tissue mass, fat-free mass, and total body water and body surface ratio).
Eight Weeks of Supervised Pulmonary Rehabilitation Are Effective in Improving Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Recovery in Severe COVID-19 Patient Survivors of Mechanical Ventilation

Background and Objectives: Patients who survive severe COVID-19 require significant pulmonary rehabilitation. Heart rate (HR) has been used as a safety variable in the evaluation of the results of interventions in patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation. The aim of this research was to analyse HR during a pulmonary rehabilitation program in post-severe COVID-19 patients who survived mechanical ventilation (MV). The study includes the initial and final evaluations and aerobic training sessions. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (58 ± 13 years, 11 men) were trained for 8 weeks. A 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) was performed and, subsequently, a supervised and individualised training plan was created. Resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate recovery (HRR), heart rate at minute 6 (HR6 min) and the product of HR6 min and systolic blood pressure (HR6 minxSBP) were measured at 6 MWT. In addition, HR was measured at each training session. Results: After 8 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation, patients decreased their RHR from 81.95 ± 9.36 to 73.60 ± 9.82 beats/min (p < 0.001) and significantly increased their HRR from 12.45 ± 10.22 to 20.55 ± 7.33 beats/min (p = 0.005). HR6 min presented a significant relationship with walking speed and walked distance after the pulmonary rehabilitation period (r = 0.555, p = 0.011 and r = 0.613, p = 0.011, respectively). HR6 minxSBP presented a significant relationship with walking speed and walked distance after training (r = 0.538, p = 0.014 and r = 0.568, p = 0.008, respectively). In the pulmonary rehabilitation sessions, a significant decrease in HR was observed at minutes 1, 6 and 15 (p < 0.05) between sessions 1 and 6 and at minute 1 between sessions 1 and 12. Conclusions: Eight weeks of individualised and supervised pulmonary rehabilitation were effective in improving RHR and HRR in COVID-19 patients surviving MV. HR is an easily accessible indicator that could help to monitor the evaluation and development of a pulmonary rehabilitation program in COVID-19 patients who survived MV.
Discrete element method to simulate interface delamination and fracture of plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings

This contribution deals with a discrete element method (DEM) framework to simulate and investigate the mechanisms leading to the failure of plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. A hybrid lattice-particle approach is proposed to determine residual stress fields induced by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch during a cooling-down phase. Besides, this is combined with a mixed-mode cohesive zone model to simulate interface delamination, and the removed discrete element failure criterion to model crack initiation and propagation in TBC system. The context of a unit cell model with a perfectly sinusoidal interface profile is first investigated to highlight the suitability of the proposed DEM-based approach in terms of stress fields and failure process. The case of a real microstructure reproduced by the image processing is then discussed. This underlines the effect of porosity and surface asperities on the failure mechanisms. Results exhibit the potential of the proposed DEM approach to model complex cracks phenomena occurring in TBC systems under thermal loading.
Theoretical framework of the early education curriculum co-construction

Rad je podijeljen u tri cjeline. U uvodnom dijelu raspravlja o razlozima koji su utjecali na drugaciji pristup koncipiranju kurikuluma. Sukonstrukcijski pristup znaci zajednicko građenje - tvorbu kurikuluma na osnovi istraživanja odgojne prakse, suoceni s konkretnim problemima, ljudima u ustanovi i u okruženju. Raspravlja se i o rezultatima reforme kurikuluma u Engleskoj koji su takvi da izazivaju vrlo kontraverzne interpretacije. Zatim se u prvom dijelu rada izlaže i raspravlja o nekim modelima kurikuluma ranog odgoja u svijetu. Raspravlja se o Reggio pedagogiji u kojoj ne postoji gotov, unaprijed određen kurikulum nego ga razvija, stvara svaka ustanova ponaosob na osnovi istraživanja odgojne prakse. Zatim se izlaže kurikulum ranog odgoja u Svedskoj koji predstavlja samo teorijski okvir za gradnju individualnog kurikuluma. Te Whariki kurikulum u Novom Zelandu specifican je po svojoj koncepciji multikulturnosti, a sama rijec na maorskom znaci "prostirka od rogozine" koju zajednicki pletu djeca, odgajatelji i roditelji. Kurikulum u Sloveniji predstavlja prijelazni model između ranijih pristupa zvanih odgojno-obrazovni programi i novijih zvanih kurikulum s vecom tendencijom na onom prvom, te model koji nudi Srbija pod nazivom: Osnove programa predskolskog odgoja za djecu od tri godine do polaska u skolu. Zanimljivo je istaknuti da taj program nudi na izbor predskolskim ustanovama dvije koncepcije, potpuno razlicite, jednu otvorenu (model A) i drugu vrlo strukturiranu (model B). U drugom se dijelu rada raspravlja o prijedlogu teorijskog okvira za gradnju, sukonstrukciju naseg kurikuluma ranog odgoja. U radu se razlikuje kurikulum u sirem smislu i u užem smislu. Pod kurikulumom u sirem smislu podrazumijeva se briga drustva za svoje najmlađe građane pretocena u zakonske i podzakonske akte. Primjerice Zakon o predskolskom odgoju, Osnove pedagoskog standarda koji se nije mijenjao od 1983. i dr. Pod kurikulumom u užem smislu podrazumijeva se jedna otvorena teorijska koncepcija koju bi gradila svaka ustanova, uvažavajuci svoje uvjete, kulturu u užem i sirem smislu, osobnost svojih polaznika - djece i strucnih kadrova. Kurikulum ovako shvacen utemeljivao bi se na humanistickim nacelima i demokratskim vrijednostima zajednickim svim ustanovama odgoja i obrazovanja, na hrvatskoj tradiciji i kulturi, zalagao bi se za pluralizam koncepcija itd. Socijalni konstruktivizam i sociokulturna teorija je podloga na kojoj se gradi, sukonstruira kurikulum ranog odgoja o cemu se izlaže u trecem dijelu ovog rada. S obzirom na dob djece, nema posebnih sadržaja koji bi se trebali obrađivati, vec se polazi od stajalista da cjelokupni pristup ustroju ustanova, okruženju u njima, posebice socijalnom i kulturnom, valja posvetiti punu pozornost jer oni imaju izrazito odgojno djelovanje, vise nego službeni kurikulum. U okviru ove problematike raspravlja se o organizaciji koja bi trebala biti u skladu s ljudskom (djecjom) prirodom, a kad stvarate takve organizacije onda stvarate organizacije koje uce.
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF CEFTRIAXONE AND AZITHROMYCIN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL SETTING

Introduction: pneumonia can be defined as symptoms that incorporate acute lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection, comprising of cough and a minimum of one more LRT symptom, in parallel to any other ‘systemic symptom and new focal signs on chest examination. Annually, there were approximately 151.8 million cases about a decade ago and among them 8.7% (13.1 million) required hospitalization. India ranks in top five countries on basis of CAP load with more than 23% worldwide cases. Materials and Methods: the design of this study is a Retrospective Cohort. A total of 123 patients ranging from 3 years old to 17 years old with a average of 9.90 years old, with bacterial pneumonia were included in the study. The diagnostic criteria of Infectious Disease Society of America and the British Thoracic Society were used in this study to determine the diagnosis and conclusion of the study. Out of 123 patients, 65 patients (Group 1) were given azithromycin at the initial dosage of 10 mg/kg followed by 5 mg/kg for 2 to 5 days while 58 patients (Group 2) were given ceftriaxone at the single intramuscular dose of 50 mg/kg. The clinical criteria and Likelihood criteria was determined before and after the treatment in both the groups to compare the efficiency of the two drugs. The adverse effects of the two drugs were also considered. Result: the clinical criteria and Likelihood Ratio was determined before starting the treatment. On Day 5th,after completion of the treatment in both the groups,all the patients were again re-assessed. Group 1 showed more improvement as compared to group 2 patients as the fever in group 1 patients came down to 2.43% from 52.84% of the total number of patients. A high respiratory rate was found in 2.43% of 123 patients in the case of group 1 as compared to 4.06% of 123 patients in the case of group 2. Group 1 patients showed adverse effects like diarrhea, itching and nausea while group 2 patients showed tarry stool, sore throat and weakness as adverse effects. 12.19% of the total patients showed adverse effects from group 1 while 35.77% of the total patients showed adverse effects from group 2. Conclusion: the study concludes that although both of the drugs used are effective in managing CAP. Azithromycin regimen has a significantly beneficial as compared to a single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone. Keywords: pneumonia, CAP, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, antibiotic
Modelling a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor for control purposes

In order to control the position, speed, acceleration and force of a Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PM-LSM) for single shaft ultra-deep level mining, a vector control strategy is being developed. The machine must first be modelled both mathematically and by using various simulation software to calculate the machine parameters before the system can be implemented. Various methods of finding the machine's parameters are discussed. Only steady state conditions have been investigated thus far.
Short-term effectiveness and safety of CT-guided radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation for treatment of adrenal metastases

Purpose To evaluate short-term effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided radioactive iodine-125 (125I) seed implantation (CTRISI) for treating adrenal metastases. Material and methods A total of 50 consecutive patients with adrenal metastases were enrolled retrospectively. Among them, 18 patients received CTRISI, and 18 received 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) treatment. The remaining 14 patients without any treatments served as a control group. Follow-up CT was performed at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Tumor responses and complications were evaluated. Results At 6 weeks, control rate in control group (complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]) was 0, and in the CTRISI group (CR + PR, 84.41%), it was significantly higher than that in the 3D-CRT group (CR + PR, 44.44%). Local control rates with CTRISI at 3 and 6 months were 68.42% and 57.89%, respectively. No severe complications were observed after CTRISI. Conclusions CTRISI is an effective and safe method for short-term treatment of adrenal metastases. Our findings suggest that CTRISI can safely and effectively be used for adrenal metastases patients as short-term treatment. Further survival studies with longer follow-up are warranted to validate our results.
Active learning in informal learning spaces: science students’ experiences

ABSTRACT In crafting the active learning approach for this study, we leverage on the definition of active learning as a methodology that requires students’ active collaborative engagement and involvement in their own learning and they are held accountable for learning with peers. Building from social interaction, we extend the notion of active learning to include socio-cognitive conflicts and socio-emotional conflicts. Subsequently, the aim of this study is to gain insights into science students’ experiences and perceptions of active learning in informal learning spaces. The current study used a basic qualitative research method involving 29 genetics students. The data were collected from the 2-hour video recordings and 45-minute semi-structured focus group interviews. The conceptual content analysis approach was used to analyse the data. The results reveal that the higher-performing students are able to regulate the cognitive processes, and to learn effectively in a minimally guided instruction environment outside the classroom by relying on their peers as a reliable source of information. However, the lower-performing students depend on their lecturer to transfer knowledge to them. They do not believe it is possible to learn science from their peers. Probably because they do not know how to learn in a group.
Long-term dynamics of informal employment and its relationship with the poverty of the Russian population against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic

The study aims at assessing the prevalence of informal employment in the Russian labour market and evaluating its relationship with the risks of monetary poverty. Empirically, the study bases on the data of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS HSE) for 2000-2020. Calculations have shown that over the past 20 years, on average, about a quarter of Russian employees were included in the informal labour market for their main or secondary employment. The results of the study provide some evidence on the existence of several zones of informality in the Russian labour market, in which there are different motives for deformalization, in particular: low-skilled employment in the informal sector, employment only in the format of informal part-time / side jobs (“casual employment”) and partial departure to the informal sector while maintaining an official employment contract at the main place of work. Employment with part or all of the pay for the main job received informally — that is, without a formal contract or with declared wages below the actual wage received, in violation of current regulations — is more common among men, young people and people of early working age, and as well as citizens with education below vocational secondary. At the same time, women, people aged 30–49, and citizens with vocational secondary education predominate in the structure of informally employed, although with a slight preponderance. Regression analysis shows that there is a statistically significant relationship between involvement in the informal labour market and the risks of monetary poverty: fully informal employment in 2019 is associated with higher chances of the respondent’s household falling into poverty, and with lower chances in 2020.
Nanosilica from Rice Husk Synthesized by a Simple Heating Method and its Characterization

Nanosilica from rice husk ash (RHA) has been synthesized by a simple heating method. The obtained nanosilica was characterized by several techniques such as x-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourirer transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and simultaneous thermal analysis (STA). The products had white color indicating that there were no impurities such as carbon or other elements. The XRD showed that the obtained nanosilica exhibited the pattern of amorphous silica material. FTIR spectra confirmed Si-O-Si and Si-O bonds in the obtained nanosilica. SEM images displayed the agglomeration of nanosilica particles with the average diameter of about 12 nm. STA showed that acid treatment was needed to remove carbon or mettalic ellements from nanosilica during the heating process. These results were important in supporting the utilization of rice husk to convert into other more valuable products with a simple method.
Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the pathway of care and treatment outcome among patients with tuberculosis in a rural part of northern India: a community-based study

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected routine healthcare services across all spectra, and tuberculosis (TB) care under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program have been affected the most. However, evidence available at the community level is minimal. The clinical features, care cascade pathway, and treatment outcomes of TB patients pre- and during/post-COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in a rural community health block in northern India were assessed and compared. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that included all patients diagnosed with TB and initiated treatment under programmatic settings between January 1 and June 30, 2020, in a rural TB unit in northern India. The periods from January 1 to March 23 and March 24 to June 30 were marked as pre-lockdown and during/post-lockdown, respectively. Results: A total of 103 patients were diagnosed and treated for TB during the study period. A significantly higher proportion of pulmonary TB cases were reported during/post-lockdown (43, 82.7%) compared to that pre-lockdown (32, 62.7%), and a higher diagnostic delay was noted during/post-lockdown (35, 81.4%). Through adjusted analysis, patients diagnosed during/post-lockdown period (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.98) and previously treated (aRR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60–0.995) had significantly lower favorable treatment outcomes. Conclusions: The symptom and disease (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) pattern have changed during/post-lockdown. The care cascade delays are still high among TB patients, irrespective of the lockdown status. Lockdown had a significant adverse impact on the outcomes of TB treatment.
Valid Virtual Reality Applications for Commercial Kitchen Safety Training

The rise in the number of workers in gastronomy tourism has coincided with an increase in workplace accidents. New workers lack hazard identification abilities and fail to recognize dangerous events in the workplace. Thus, a two-fold goal has been established: (1) design and develop VR applications for spotting risks in the kitchen workplace, and (2) validate the VR application's effectiveness. The invention involved the 360-degree camera and VR software, and it was validated with multiple experts who had long working experience. The VR technology was found noteworthy as it received positive acceptance in the hospitality business. Keywords: Virtual Reality; Workplace Safety; Food Service Safety; Employee Safety eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19. 3207