Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flood Inundation Mapping of Babai Basin using HEC-RAS & GIS

The main objective of this research is to prepare inundation map of a section of Babai Basin and to find out the inundated areas for different return periods. In order to achieve the objectives, Geographic Information System (GIS) and HEC-RAS along with HEC-GeoRAS extension were used as tools. Coordinates were used as primary parameter and were obtained from survey to generate geometric data such as Triangular Irregular Networks (TIN), streamline, river bank and flow paths. After importing the geometry data into HEC-RAS, hydraulic modelling was applied by using flow data as main input. As a result, the watershed area of the Babai basin has been successfully modelled and map showing the flooded areas along the Babai basin has been delineated. The flooded area was geometrically overlaid on the topographic map to outline the affected areas. The area under the influence of the flood were assessed which shows that about 49% of total inundated areas comprises farming land. Also a sensitivity analysis was performed to predict the change in percentage of flooded areas when Maning’s parameter was increased by 10% and when kept same in both banks and channel. However, differences in figure of inundated areas are insignificant to variations made in Maning’s n.
RUNNING HEAD: THEORY OF MIND AND ITS NONSOCIAL COGNITIVE UNDERPINNINGS

Social cognition has been established as a mediator between nonsocial cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia. However, the empirical relationship between specific nonsocial cognitive and social cognitive domains is less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate which specific nonsocial cognitive tests best predict theory of mind (ToM) performance in a sample of 91 individuals with schizophrenia. We indexed ToM by a composite score of the video-based Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition test (MASCtot). Nonsocial cognition was measured by way of the nonsocial cognitive subtests of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI IQ). To investigate the relationship between MASCtot and specific nonsocial cognitive variables, bivariate and multiple regression analyses were applied. We found statistically significant associations between MASCtot and five nonsocial cognitive tests within the domains of speed of processing, intelligence, verbal and visual memory, and non-verbal working memory in the bivariate correlation analysis. However, in the regression analysis none of the five tests made significantly unique predictions to MASCtot. Together, all the nonsocial cognitive variables accounted for 17% of the variation in MASCtot. This implies that nonsocial cognition and ToM are associated, albeit distinct, constructs. Furthermore, our results suggest that improved ToM is not to be expected from training of nonsocial cognition, alone.
DIETARY PATTERNS, NUTRIENT INTAKES, AND NUTRITIONAL AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY STATUS OF SAUDI OLDER ADULTS: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Objective: to review the dietary patterns, nutrient intakes, and nutritional and physical activity status of older adults living in Saudi Arabia, to examine geographical differences in such patterns and to identify research gaps in respect of nutrition and physical activity for this population group. Design: Databases and websites (including Pubmed, Scopus, Proquest, Google Scholar and Arab Center for Nutrition) were searched in English and Arabic languages using the following key words: nutritional status, dietary pattern, food pattern, dietary habits, micronutrient intake and status, macronutrients intake, obesity, malnutrition, iron deficiency anemia, vitamin D, physical activity, exercise, Saudi older adults and Saudi elderly. All relevant and available data for both free-living and institutionalized Saudi older adults (> 50 years old or with mean age > 50 years) published in the last 20 years were included in this review. Results: We found that free-living females consumed fewer meals, and less fruits and vegetables, but their reported energy intake was higher than for males. Low intake of vitamins C and D were common in both genders and in those who lived in western and northern regions while low intake of folate and fiber were common in institutionalized people. Omega-3 fatty acids and fish were more highly consumed by older adults living in the coastal region compared with residents in the internal region. Obesity, overweight, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency and physical inactivity were prevalent in free living older adults throughout the country while underweight and iron deficiency anemia were prevalent in institutionalized persons. Conclusion: Information on dietary patterns, nutrient intakes, and nutritional and physical activity status of older adults living in Saudi Arabia is fragmentary and interpretation of the findings is hampered by the lack of population-representative sampling frames and the use of heterogeneous data collection tools. More systematic studies are essential to facilitate objective assessment of these important lifestyle-related factors and to inform public health policies.
The Role of Marine Organic Extract in Bone Regeneration: A Pilot Study

Novel biomaterials capable of accelerating the healing process of skeletal tissues are urgently needed in dentistry. The present in vivo study assessed the osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties of experimental biphasic bioceramics (HA-TCP) modified or not by a nacre extract (marine organic extract, MOE) in a sheep model. Fabrication of MOE involved mixing ground nacre (0.05 g, particle sizes < 0.1 mm) with glacial ethanoic acid (5 mL, pH 7) for 72 hours using external magnetic stirring (25°C). Nonreactive carriers (sterile polythene tubes; 3/animal, radius: 2.5 mm, length: 10.0 mm) pertaining to the control (empty) or experimental groups (HA-TCP or MOE-modified HA-TCP) were implanted intramuscularly into the abdominal segment of the torso in sheep (n = 8, age: 2 years, weight: 45 kg). Euthanization of animals was performed at 3 and 6 months after surgery. Tissues harvested were subjected to macroscopic and radiographic assessments. Specimens were then stained for histological analysis. Both control and experimental animals were capable of inducing the neoformation of fibrous connective tissue at both time points where superior amounts of tissue formation and mineralization were detected for experimental groups (unaltered (at 3 and 6 mos) and MOE-modified HA-TCP (at 3 mos)). Histological results, however, revealed that mature bone formation was only observed for specimens fabricated with MOE-modified HA-TCP in a time-dependent manner. The present study has successfully demonstrated the in vivo utility of experimental biphasic bioceramics modified by MOE in an ectopic grafting sheep model. Promising osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties must be further developed and confirmed by subsequent research.
Enhanced Cell Proliferation and Osteogenesis Differentiation through a Combined Treatment of Poly-L-Lysine-Coated PLGA/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Fiber Matrices and Electrical Stimulation

Bone tissue engineering scaffold provides an effective treatment for bone defect repair. Biodegradable bone scaffold made of various synthetic and natural materials can be used as bone substitutes and grafts for defect site, which has great potential to support bone regeneration. Regulation of cell-scaffold material interactions is an important factor for modulating the cellular activity in bone tissue engineering scaffold applications. Thus, the hydrophilic, mechanical, and chemical properties of scaffold materials directly affect the results of bone regeneration and functional recovery. In this study, a poly-L-lysine (PLL) surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/graphene oxide (GO) (PLL-PLGA/GO) hybrid fiber matrix was fabricated for bone tissue regeneration. Characterization of the resultant hybrid fiber matrices was done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, and a material testing machine. According to the results obtained from the test above, the PLL-PLGA/GO hybrid fiber matrices exhibited high wettability and mechanical strength. The special surface characteristics of PLL-PLGA/GO hybrid fiber matrices were more beneficial for protein adsorption and inhibit the proliferation of pathogens. Moreover, the enhanced regulation of MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and differentiation was observed, when the resultant hybrid fiber matrices were combined with electrical stimulation (ES). The cellular response of MC3T3-E1 cells including cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and osteogenesis-related gene expression was significantly enhanced with the synergistic effect of resultant hybrid fiber matrices and ES. These data indicate that the PLL-PLGA/GO hybrid fiber matrices supported the cellular response in terms of cell proliferation and osteogenesis differentiation in the presence of electrical stimulation, which could be a potential treatment for bone defect.
Sufficient conditions for univalence obtained by using Briot-Bouquet differential subordination

In this paper, we define the operator Im : differential-integral operator, where Sm is S˘al˘agean differential operator and Lm is Libera integral operator. By using the operator Im the class of univalent functions denoted by is defined and several differential subordinations are studied. Even if the use of linear operators and introduction of new classes of functions where subordinations are studied is a well-known process, the results are new and could be of interest for young researchers because of the new approach derived from mixing a differential operator and an integral one. By using this differential–integral operator, we have obtained new sufficient conditions for the functions from some classes to be univalent. For the newly introduced class of functions, we show that is it a class of convex functions and we prove some inclusion relations depending on the parameters of the class. Also, we show that this class has as subclass the class of functions with bounded rotation, a class studied earlier by many authors cited in the paper. Using the method of the subordination chains, some differential subordinations in their special Briot-Bouquet form are obtained regarding the differential–integral operator introduced in the paper. The best dominant of the Briot-Bouquet differential subordination is also given. As a consequence, sufficient conditions for univalence are stated in two criteria. An example is also illustrated, showing how the operator is used in obtaining Briot–Bouquet differential subordinations and the best dominant.
Retrieval of the vertical evolution of the cloud effective radius from the Chinese FY-4 (Feng Yun 4) next-generation geostationary satellites

Abstract. The vertical evolution of the cloud effective radius ( Re ) reflects the precipitation-forming process. Based on observations from the first Chinese next-generation geostationary meteorological satellites (FY-4A, Feng Yun 4), we established a new method for objectively obtaining the vertical temperature vs. Re profile. First of all, Re was calculated using a bispectral lookup table. Then, cloud clusters were objectively identified using the maximum temperature gradient method. Finally, the Re profile in a certain cloud was then obtained by combining these two sets of data. Compared with the conventional method used to obtain the Re profile from the subjective division of a region, objective cloud-cluster identification establishes a unified standard, increases the credibility of the Re profile, and facilitates the comparison of different Re profiles. To investigate its performance, we selected a heavy precipitation event from the Integrative Monsoon Frontal Rainfall Experiment in summer 2018. The results showed that the method successfully identified and tracked the cloud cluster. The Re profile showed completely different morphologies in different life stages of the cloud cluster, which is important in the characterization of the formation of precipitation and the temporal evolution of microphysical processes.
From Intended to Actual and Beyond: A Cross‐Disciplinary View of (Human Resource Management) Implementation

Despite increasing interest in human resource management (HRM) implementation as an explanation for the association between HRM and firm performance, considerable confusion remains about what implementation means. In order to develop conceptual definitions of HRM implementation and implementation effectiveness, this study builds on three different literatures outside the HRM field (strategy, innovation, and change management), which have addressed this topic extensively. As a result, implementation is characterized as a dynamic process, involving the interaction among multiple actors, starting with the adoption of a new practice and ending with its routinization. This is distinguished from implementation effectiveness as an outcome of that process. The study helps to achieve construct clarity, hence providing a more solid basis for future research and allowing for a better consolidation of findings. The authors also develop an agenda for further research by reviewing a number of theoretical and methodological approaches that have been used in implementation research across fields, including HRM. Overall, the study aims to establish implementation research as a highly relevant academic and practical quest not only in HRM, but also in other management literatures.
Should Empyema with or without Necrotizing Pneumonia in Children Be Managed Differently

Background: Necrotizing pneumonia (NP) is an increasing lung infection mostly associated with pleural empyema. Objectives: We aimed to compare children with empyema with and without concomitant NP, in terms of risk factors, management and outcome. Methods: We retrospectively included children hospitalized between 2005-2014 with empyema to whom a computed tomography was performed. We recorded patient characteristics, clinical, biological (blood and pleural fluid) and radiological findings, medical and surgical treatments, and clinical, radiological and functional follow-up. Results: 35 children with empyema were included, including 25 with a concomitant NP. Patients with or without NP were undistinguishable, in terms of characteristics, symptoms at admission or detected pathogens. Pleural leucocytes were significantly higher in the empyema group (p = 0.0002) as pleural LDH (p = 0.002), and pleural/blood LDH ratio (p = 0.0005). Medical and surgical managements were similar between both groups. Complications occurred in 1/10 children with empyema alone (pneumatocele) and 5/25 with concomitant NP (bronchopleural fistula (n = 3), lobectomy, pneumothorax). The hospital length of stay and delay for chest X-ray normalization were similar in both groups. Conclusion: Except for minor biological parameters, the presence of concomitant NP in case of empyema does not change the presentation, clinical features, management and outcome, suggesting that the presence of additional NP to empyema should not be managed differently. Therefore, in case of empyema with suspected concomitant NP, chest CT should probably be restricted to abnormal worsening or when mandatory for surgical treatment.
Association Between Total antioxidant Capacity and Leptin Levels in Type-2 Diabetic Patients

Diabetes is a long life condition that causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body doesn't produce enough insulin to function properly, or the body’s cells don't react to insulin. This means that glucose stays in the blood and isn't used as fuel for energy. The present study was conducted to investigate the serum total antioxidant capacity ,serum leptin ,blood glucose and lipid profile and its association with the type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was case control conducted 55 male with Type II diabetes and 17 male volunteers were healthy control group, blood samples collected after 14 h fasting Parameters was measured with special enzymatic kits. The present study show significant decline of serum total antioxidant capacity among diabetic cases compared with control group (p< 0.001), serum lepton was and blood glucose significantly high in type 2 diabetes patients group compared with control group (P < 0.001) . Serum cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride were high but no significant in type 2diabetes patients group than normal control group (P < 0.001),while serum HDL-C level was lower non-significant in type 2diabetes patients than control group. We concluded the wasSignificant decline in serum total antioxidant and significant elevations in serum leptin intype2 diabetes in comparison with normal subjects.
Trauma-related amputations among children in Ghana

IntroductionAmputation operations are rare in children and are often performed in emergencies as lifesaving procedures or in elective cases resulting from congenital limb deficiencies. This study aimed to retrospectively examine the pattern of trauma-related amputations among children in Ghana.MethodsHospital records of the children aged 16 years and younger who underwent trauma-related amputations during May 2015-September 2018 were assessed retrospectively. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 24 (IBM, Chicago, USA). Descriptive statistics were used to report the means and frequencies.ResultsA total of 34 children had amputation surgeries during the study period. Our findings showed that 5.9% (n=2) of the subjects were female and 94.1% (n=32) were male. Falls as the leading cause accounted for 50% (n=17) of the injuries, followed by personal or interpersonal violence 23.5% (n=8), road traffic accidents 14.7% (n=5), machinery 5.9% (n=2), and birth injuries mainly related to the accidents during child delivery 5.9% (n=2). At the onset of injury, 61.8% (n=21) of the children were taken to hospitals as the first point of call, while 38.2% of the cases (n=13) first referred to bonesetters. According to the records, upper limb amputation 70.6% (n=24) was more frequent than lower limb 29.4% (n=10). ConclusionsA record of thirty-four trauma-related amputations among children over a period of 3.5 years in a single treatment center is remarkable. The living environment of children could predispose them to catastrophic incidents leading to amputations. Therefore, strategies for injury prevention should be developed taking into consideration the contextual factors.
Study of Hemoglobin and Ferritin Profile as Indicators in Children Hematology of 12-15 Years Provided Local Rice Fortification

Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) reported that in 2007 the prevalence of anemia was 12.8%, of which 70.1% was Iron Deficiency Anemia, increased to 21.7% in 20013. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of hemoglobin and ferritin as an indicator of hematology at students aged 12-15 years who consume rice fortification. This study design was Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) double-blind, on children students, conducted from May 2015 through March 2016. ------------------------------------------------------------------------* The total sample consisted of 64 students: 32 cases and 32 controls aged 12-15 years, both samples and controls were anemic. Samples were given intervention by consuming rice fortification for 6 months, rice fortified with 6 micronutrients (Fe, Zn, vitamin B1, vitamin B3, folic acid and vitamin B12. The intervention was done by providing 200 grams of rice in the morning and evening for 6 months. Blood sampling was performed to monitor the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), Ferritin for 3 times that at this stage of the baseline, midline and endline. Descriptive analysis was conducted to asses determinant levels of hemoglobin and ferritin levels of the age. The result shows thatBaseline phase: The intervention group gained an average of 11.80 g Hb/dL, ferritin 38.50 ug/L and the control group Hb 11.90 g/dL, ferritin 38.60 ug/L. Midline stage: The intervention group gained an average of 11.78 cases Hb g /dL, ferritin 78.28 ug/L, whereas the control Hb 12.08 g/dL, ferritin 54.56 ug/L.Endline stage: The intervention group gained an average of 12.21 g Hb/dL, ferritin 28.56 ug/L and the control group Hb of 12.6 g/dL, ferritin 39.37 ug/L.There is an increase in average levels of hemoglobin from baseline to the intervention group midline to the endline, particularly in the age group of 12-12 years and 14-14 years 11 months. There is an increase in the average levels of ferritin from baseline to the intervention group but decreased in the midline endline.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS TRAITS AND SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS OF BROILER CHICKS AS AFFECTED BY HOUSING SYSTEM

This current investigation was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of housing system (battery cages versus litter floor) on growth performance, some blood parameters and carcass characteristics of broilers. A total number of 224 unsexed one day old Evian broiler chicks were randomly distributed into two treatment groups (112 per each group). Chicks of the 1st group were raised in cages, while those of the second one were raised on litter floor. The results of the present work could be summarize as follows: broilers reared on litter floor exceeded (P≤0.05 and 0.01) those kept in battery cages in each of body weight, daily body weight gain and feed consumption in most of the studied intervals. Each of feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters and some immunity agents were not significantly changed between broilers kept in batteries and those reared on litter floor. The present work revealed a better performance and an increase in carcass yield of birds reared on floor system, which could be recommended to increase broilers performance under Sharkia Governorate conditions.
The Invariant Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoother

This letter presents an invariant Rauch-Tung-Striebel (IRTS) smoother applicable to systems with states that are an element of a matrix Lie group. In particular, the extended Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) smoother is adapted to work within a matrix Lie group framework. The main advantage of the invariant RTS (IRTS) smoother is that the linearization of the process and measurement models is independent of the state estimate resulting in state-estimate-independent Jacobians when certain technical requirements are met. A sample problem is considered that involves estimation of the three dimensional pose of a rigid body on $SE(3)$, along with sensor biases. The multiplicative RTS (MRTS) smoother is also reviewed and is used as a direct comparison to the proposed IRTS smoother using experimental data. Both smoothing methods are also compared to invariant and multiplicative versions of the Gauss-Newton approach to solving the batch state estimation problem.