The survey of factors related to self-efficacy based on Orem’s theory in patients with coronary artery bypass surgery in Tehran in 2014

Abstract Background & Aim: Utilization of nursing theories for finding the factors associated with self-efficacy in the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery is very important. This study was conducted to determine the factors associated with self-efficacy based on Orem's theory in these patients after coronary bypass surgery. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlative study. 150 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were selected with convinince sampling. The data was collected by the demographic questionnaire and the self-efficacy questionnaire. The self-efficacy questionnaire was made based on Orem’s theory of self care. Instroments validity and relability was determined by content validity and Cronbach Alpha(0.095). Data were analyzed using SPSS software ver19. Findings: Results of this research showed that self-efficacy in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery was low(2%), medium(49%) and high(49%). Self-efficacy was significantly correlated with some basic conditioning factors based on Orem’s theory (marital status, employment, level of education, age, income , health insurance and education about surgery). The highest level of self-efficacy were in regard of medication use, regular physician consultation, and low fat and low salt diet consumption at home. Conclusion: Patients after coronary artery bypass surgery were more confident in regard to medication use, regular physician consultation than exercise and stop smoking. This may indicate that Patients have less attention to non-pharmacological aspects (healthy lifestyle and long-term adherence) and selfcare behaviors after coronary artery bypass surgery. It seems that nurses and physicians should emphasize on the effects of non–medical cares more clearly and enhance motivation based on selfefficacy of the patients. Key words: self-efficacy, coronary artery bypass surgery, Orem’s Self Care Model References  Abootalebi G, et al. (2012) [Study of the self-care agency in patients with heart failure]. Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing. 4(4) 203-208.  Akyol AD, et al. (2007) Self ‐ care agency and factors related to this agency among patients with hypertension. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 16(4) 679-687.  Artinian NT, et al. (2002) Self-care behaviors among patients with heart failure. Heart & Lung. 31(3) 161-172.  Asgari M and Soleymani M (2011) [Textbook of Comprehensive Intensive Nursing Care, CCU, ICU & Dialysis]. 19 th edition. Tehran, Boshra. (Persian)  Bagheri saveh M, et al. (2012) [The relationship between self-efficacy and self-care behaviors in chronic heart failure]. Journal of Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing and Midwifery. 22(78) 17- 26. (Persian)  Baljani E, et al. (2010). [Factors related to self-efficacy in Cardiovascular Patients]. Journal Cardiovascular Nursing. 13(3)18-24 (Persian).  Bandura A and Locke E A (2003) Negative self-efficacy and goal effects revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology. 88 (1) 87-99.  Buck U, Poole J, and Mendelson C (2010) Factors related to self ‐ efficacy in persons with scleroderma. Musculoskeletal Care. 8(4) 197-203.  Cohn L H and Edmunds L H (2012) Cardiac surgery in the adult. 4 th edition. New York, McGraw-Hill Medical.  Coyle RL (2000). “Information retrieval of self-care and dependent care agents using net wellness“ [dissertation]. Ohio: The College of Nursing of Cincinnati University  Gao J, et al. (2013) Effects of self-care, self-efficacy, social support on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. BMC Family Practice. 14(1) 66. Gholipour M and Tabrizi A (2012) Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among the Sharif University of Technology students. Iranian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 1(2) 48-56.  Hosseinzadeh T, et al. (2012) [Relationship between perception of illness and general selfefficacy in coronary artery disease patients]. Holistic Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 22(1) 1-8. (Persian)  Khezerloo S and Feizi A (2012) [A Survey Of Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy And Self-Care Performance In Diabetic Patients Referring To Urmia Diabetes Center]. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty. 10(3) 369-375. (Persian)  Lawrence H. (2012) Cardiac Surgury in The Adult. 4 th edition. McGraw Hill Professional. p:479- 480.  Mohammad Hassani M, et al. (2013). [Self-care ability based on Orem’s theory in individuals with coronary artery disease]. Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing. 3(2) 87-91.  Orem D (2001) Nursing: Concept of Practice 6 th edition. St. Louis, Mosby.  Rafii F, et al. (2011) [Self-efficacy and the Related Factors in Ostomates]. Iran Journal of Nursing. 24 (73) 8-18. (Persian)  Rambod M, et al. (2008) [Self-efficacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis and related factors]. Journal of Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing & Midwifery. 18(62) 29-34. (Persian)  Serruys P W, et al. (2001) Comparison of coronary-artery bypass surgery and stenting for the treatment of multivessel disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 344(15) 1117-1124.  Siavoshi S, et al. (2012) [The effect of cardiac rehabilitation care plan on the quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery]. Cardivascula Nursing Journal. 1(2) 38-46xxx. (Persian)  Sol B G, et al. (2005) Vascular risk management through nurse-led self-management programs. Journal of Vascular Nursing. 23(1) 20-24.  - Sol B G, et al. (2008) The role of self-efficacy in vascular risk factor management: a randomized controlled trial. Patient education and counseling. 71(2) 191-197.  - Suaya J A, et al. (2009) Cardiac rehabilitation and survival in older coronary patients. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 54(1) 25-33.  - Tsay S-L and Healstead M (2002) Self-care self-efficacy, depression, and quality of life among patients receiving hemodialysis in Taiwan. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 39(3) 245- 251.