Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Realization of High-Speed Low-Noise Multi-Loop Skew-Based ROs Optimized for Even/Odd Multi-Phase Signals

This brief presents a general approach for generating high-frequency multiphase signals (even/odd), low phase noise, low power, and reduced supply sensitivity ring oscillators (ROs). For the same, multi-loop skew based single-ended ring oscillators (MSSROs) are designed and systematic analysis is performed. The topology is based on a unique feedback/feed-forward mechanism for realizing a fast loop in a long chain RO wherein the PMOS/NMOS of the stages are separately driven. This unique connection in MSSROs results in a skew offset (negative/positive/zero) which is generated between the inputs of PMOS/NMOS as the number of stages are increased. Therefore, MSSROs provide the time period equal to that of 3-stage single-ended conventional ROs (SCRO) and a better phase noise (7–11%) even with a larger number of stages (even/odd). A model is developed to predict the oscillation frequency and skew offset. The proposed methodology is validated in commercial 65nm and 180nm CMOS technologies, also indicating scalability of the proposed designs at scaled CMOS nodes. The simulations show that, depending on the number of stages, the operating frequency of the MSSROs varies from −25 (−11) % (positive-skew) to +16 (13) % (negative-skew) of its 3-stage SCRO counterparts in the 180nm (65nm) CMOS technology. Moreover, for a target phase noise and center frequency, the MSSROs consume about 8–30 (5–23) % lower power and up to 8% lower supply sensitivity as compared to its 3-stage SCRO counterparts in the 180nm (65nm) CMOS technology. The MSSRO also has a better PVT variation tolerance compared to SCRO.
THE SURVEY OF SAFETY CULTURE IN RSUP Dr.KARIADI SEMARANG

Patient safety in hospitals is a crucial issue as significant medication errors occur in some countries. Patient safety incidence is inevitably related to safety culture implemented in hospitals. This survey aims to investigate the dimension of patient safety serving as a strong area and dimension for potential improvement. This study used a cross-sectional approach involving 361 subjects in all units in RSUP Dr. Kariadi. Findings are presented in graphs and frequency tables. This study found three dimensions of strength area involving management support regarding patient safety (92.93%), organizational learning-continuous improvement (91.73%), and unit cooperation (86.1%). Meanwhile, the area for potential improvement involving employment (45.43%), incidence report frequency (58.07%), and open communication (60.67%). Dimensions serving as strength areas need to be maintained while dimension for potential improvement need for support to cultivate patient safety culture in RSUP Dr. Kariadi.
History, Analytic Narratives, and the Rules-in-Equilibrium View of Institutions

Analytic narratives (ANs) are case studies of historical events and/or institutions that are formed by the combination of the narrative method characteristic of historical and historiographical works with analytic tools, especially game theory, traditionally used in economics and political science. The purpose of this article is to give a philosophy-of-science view of the relevance of analytical narratives for institutional analysis. The main claim is that the AN methodology is especially appealing in the context of a non-behaviorist and non-reductionist account of institutions. Such an account is fully compatible with the “rules-in-equilibrium” view of institutions. On this basis, two supporting claims are made: first, I argue that within analytical narrative, game-theoretic models play a key role in the identification of institutional mechanisms as the explanans for economic phenomena, the latter being irreducible to so-called “micro-foundations. ” Second, I claim that the “rules-in-equilibrium” view of institutions provides justification for the importance given to non-observables in the institutional analysis. Hence, institutional analysis building on analytical narrative typically emphasizes the role of derived (i.e., nondirectly observed) intentional states (preferences, intentions, beliefs).
Psychological capital intervening effect on individual competency and educator accountant research Performance in Surabaya

This research aimed to discover knowledge, skill, and attitude effects on educator accountant research performance with psychological capital as intervening variable. Research object were educator accountant with permanent employee status at public and private higher educations in Surabaya. Sample collection carried out through purposive sampling with 167 people as research samples. Analysis method utilized in this research was Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Research result indicated that: (1) knowledge, skill, and attitude could affect educator accountant performance in Surabaya significantly. (2) Psychological capital within educator accountant could significantly intervene relationship between skill and attitude on educator accountant performance in Surabaya, meanwhile psychological capital did not intervene relationship between knowledge on educator accountant performance in Surabaya.
Genetic variability and multivariate analysis in sorghum (Sorghum bicolour) under sodic soil conditions

A field study was conducted using 31 sorghum landraces and two improved varieties as yield checks under natural sodic soil conditions at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Trichy during Kharif, 2018. The study was aimed to assess the mean performance, genetic variability, heritability and diversity of key traits that would aid the selection of genotypes for sodicity tolerance. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with two replications. Eight biometric traits viz., days to 50 percent flowering, plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, panicle length and yield per plant were observed. The genotype ES1 was identified to be sodicity tolerant as it based on its overall per se performance. Based on PCA analysis, the characters panicle length, number of leaves and yield per plant were identified to contribute more towards the total divergence. These traits also showed higher PCV and GCV coupled with higher heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean. Hence, indirect selection for sodicity tolerance can be carried out through these traits for selection of genotypes with sodicity tolerance. Cluster analysis revealed the diverse genotypes (Cluster I and VI) that could be used in hybridization programmes for exploiting the maximum heterotic potential.
Original article: Expression of B-cell lymphoma-2, Vimentin and CD44V6 in normal tissue around breast ductal carcinoma in sample of Iraqi women

Background: Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among women in Iraq and in developed countries. The aim of this study was to study the immunohistochemical reaction pattern of epithelial, myoepithelial cells in normal tissue around breast carcinoma in addition to determine the sensitivity, specificity and validity of predetermined cut-off score of Bcl2, vimentin, CD44v6 markers and to determine the prognostics significances of these markers in future conservative breast surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 samples from breast tissue were included in this study. There were 12 histological samples of normal breast tissue as a control group and 40 samples contain (28) samples of normal tissue around infiltrative ductal carcinoma and (12) samples of normal tissue around ductal carcinoma in situ. For each case, 4 sections of 4 µm thickness were taken; one representative section was stained with H&E stain and otherthree sections stained immunohistochemically for each marker. Results: there was significant increase in Bcl2 staining in normal tissue around DIS compared to control group and infiltrative DCA (P = 0.001and 0.004 respectively). Also there was significant increase in Vimentin staining in normal tissue around DCIS (91.7%) compared to control group(p = 0.000), together with normal tissue around infiltrative DCA (82.1%) of the cases compared to control group, CD44v6 shows greater extent of staining in normal tissue around DIS compared to control group and infiltrative DCA (p 0.001, 0.044 respectively). Conclusion: There was higher expression of Bcl2, Vimentin and CD44V6 in normal tissue around breast carcinoma in comparison to normal breast tissue.
associated risk factors

SUMMARY We assessed the rate of salmonella infections and risk factors associated with infection in North East Thames in 1993. Cases of culture confirmed infection were identified through microbiology laboratories and environmental health officers in the North East Thames. A total of 1730 cases were reported and 209 of these individuals (those who could be contacted within a 3-week interval after onset of symptoms) and matched controls were interviewed by telephone. In addition randomly selected controls were interviewed over a 4-month period about recent gastric acid lowering medication and antimicrobial ingestion. Sixty-six serotypes were identified: S. enteritidis was isolated from 1179 (69%) cases, S. typhimurium from 221 (13 %), S. virchow from 77 (4%) and S. newport 25 (1 %). Infections were more frequent in summer months. Highest rates were documented in children under 2 years of age for S. enteritidis (108/100000) and under 1 year for S. typhimurium (36/100000). Using the Townsend score, highest isolation rates of S. enteritidis were in more prosperous areas (36/100000 vs. 27/100000; odds ratio (OR) 1-3, 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) 1-2-1-6, P < 0-0001), while for S. typhimurium, there was no relation between deprivation index and isolation rates areas (6-4/100000 vs. 6-1/100000; OR 1-1, 95% CIs 0-8-1-5, P = 0-77). The case control study showed a significant association between ingestion of products containing raw eggs and S. enteritidis infection (8/111 cases vs. 0/110 controls; OR undefined, lower 95 % CIs 3-4). Individuals with salmonella infection were significantly more likely to have travelled abroad in the week before the onset of illness [42/186 (23%) vs. 1/182 (0-5%); OR 40, 95% CIs = 5*5-291, P < 0-001] and to report gastroduodenal disease [11/143 (7 %) vs. 3/143 (2%); OR 5-0, 95 % CIs = 1-1-23, P = 0-04]. There was an association between illness and gastric acidlowering medications [unmatched controls OR 22-3 (95 % CIs 1-5-3-7, P = 0-0002), matched controls OR 3-7 (95 % CIs 1-0-3-8, P = 0-07)], but no association with antimicrobial ingestion.
Forward Looking Equity Risk Premium: A Normative Long-Term View

We propose a Total Cash Flow present value model to estimate the implied risk premium equity indices typically used in financial models as proxies for the aggregate stock market. Following a bottom-up approach, we use individual companies’ financial information as well as analysts’ earnings estimates in order to reconstruct the index total cash flow and expected future cash flows. Using the prices for these indices, we then extract the implied Equity Risk Premia and analyze their evolution through time. To illustrate our approach, we run our model over a period of 10 years surrounding the 2008 financial crisis on five stock indices, namely the S & P 500, the Euro Stoxx 50, the FTSE 100, the Hang Seng Index and the TOPIX 100. We find that our model is a conceptually robust approach to modeling long-term market Equity Risk Premia and provides a normative view of expected returns for practitioners.
Bacterial Contamination of the Local Available Ice Cream in Hila City

Ice cream is a frozen food which is usually consumed during summer. it is considered as good food which may provide refuge for many microorganisms that can cause many diseases. Also, it is considered important because it is associated with consumers health. This research investigates the contamination of ice creams available in markets by microbes. Ten types of Ice cream where gathered from the market(Behtak, Jawaad Azburi, Core Dor, AL-Fakma ice cream, KDD silver, Fistachio, AL-Furat, Solero, KDD White), The samples were transported to the laboratory to conduct the necessary tests using a clean and sterilized container with a temperature of zero Celsius. One gram of each specimen was taken and diluted. afterwards, each sample was cultivated on different cultivation mediums under 37 degree Celsius for 24 hr. Also, other biochemical tests were conducted in this research to determine the type of bacteria. The results shown the type of bacterial isolated was (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, salmonella enteritidis) this types of bacteria caused of many type of human diseases and food poisonings.
Chikungunya in Jamaica – Public Health Effects and Clinical Features in Children

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) entered the Caribbean for the first time in 2013 and Jamaica experienced its maiden epidemic with Chikungunya Fever in 2014. We aimed to describe the public health effects and describe the clinical features in children and adolescents in Jamaica. Methods: This study reviewed the public health effects of the illness in Jamaica by reviewing available data sources and the clinical features in 210 children and adolescents meeting the case definition at two hospitals, Bustamante Hospital for Children and University Hospital of the West Indies between August 23 and October 31, 2014 by chart review. Descriptive analyses and comparisons between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test were performed with SPSS version 22. Results: The majority of households were affected by the illness which caused widespread absenteeism from school and work, loss of productivity and economic losses estimated at 60 billion dollars. The health sector was impacted by increased numbers seen in clinics and emergency departments, increased need for bed space and pharmaceuticals. Ninety-nine per cent of the children were febrile with a median maximal temperature of 102.4 F. Ninety-three per cent had household contacts of 0–20 persons. In addition to fever, maculopapular rash and joint pains, infants six months and younger presented with irritability and groaning (p = 0.00) and those between six months and six years presented with febrile seizures (p = 0.00). Neurologic involvement was noted in 24%. Apart from anaemia, few had other laboratory derangements. Few had severe organ dysfunction and there were no deaths. Conclusion: The Chikungunya Fever epidemic had significant public health and economic impact in Jamaica. In children, there were characteristic presentations in neonates and young infants and in children six months to six years. Neurologic involvement was common but other organ dysfunction was rare. These findings underscore the need to prevent further epidemics and the quest for a vaccine.
The Impact of Personal Remittances, FDI and Exports on Economic Growth: Evidence from West Africa

The study delves into West African data to assess the impact of personal remittances, FDI and exports on economic growth by applying panel data methodologies on 15 countries from 1991 to 2017. The study further applied panel fully modified ordinary least square, robust least square, and generalized linear model regression methodologies to make a statistical inference. From the results, it could be ascertained that personal remittances and exports have a strong and positive impact on economic growth. Meanwhile, FDI has a positive impact on economic growth as an individual factor, but with the existence of personal remittances and exports, FDI tends to become negative and significant in West Africa. The study proposes further studies into the area of FDI to unravel the exact relationship it has with economic growth. Keywords: Personal remittances, Foreign direct investment, Exports, Robust least squares, Fully modified ordinary least squares, Generalized linear model DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-23-04 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
INVESTIGATION OF NONLINEAR AND DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP OF TAX REVENUE, ECONOMIC WELFARE, AND DEMOCRACY USING GMM

This article aimed to investigate the relationship between tax revenue, welfare, and democracy level in democratic and undemocratic countries. This investigation was performed by analyzing data from 77 countries for the period 2000-2015. The results obtained by dynamic panel data modeling based on the generalized method of moments (GMM) showed that there is a negative U-shaped relationship between the share of tax revenue in GDP and democracy, indicating that as political participation increases, nations tend to favor minimal states, but as we move from democracy toward authoritarianism, the share of tax revenue increases. Also, a positive relationship was observed between economic welfare and the share of tax revenues, which indicates that the share of government tax revenue increases with the improvement of economic welfare.
ATP hydrolysis by the SNF2 domain of the ultraspecific maintenance methylase Dnmt5 drives recognition and modification of hemimethylated DNA

C. neoformans Dnmt5 is an ultraspecific maintenance-type CpG methyltransferase (DNMT) that mediates long-term epigenome evolution. It harbors a DNMT domain and SNF2 ATPase domain. We find that the SNF2 domain couples substrate specificity to an ATPase step that is essential for DNA methylation. Such coupling occurs independently of nucleosomes. Hemimethylated DNA preferentially stimulates ATPase activity, and mutating the Dnmt5 ATP binding pocket disproportionately reduces ATPase stimulation by hemimethylated versus unmethylated substrates. Engineered DNA substrates that stabilize a reaction intermediate by mimicking a ‘flipped-out’ conformation of the target cytosine bypass the SNF2 domain’s requirement for hemimethylation. This result implies that ATP hydrolysis by the SNF2 domain is coupled to base-flipping by the DNMT domain. These findings establish a new role for a SNF2 ATPase domain: controlling substrate recognition and catalysis by an adjoined enzymatic domain. This coupling may contribute to the exquisite specificity of Dnmt5 via mechanisms related to kinetic proofreading.
Neural signatures of promotion versus prevention goal priming: fMRI evidence for distinct cognitive-motivational systems

Abstract Regulatory focus theory (RFT) postulates two cognitive-motivational systems for personal goal pursuit: the promotion system, which is associated with ideal goals (an individual’s hopes, dreams, and aspirations), and the prevention system, which is associated with ought goals (an individual’s duties, responsibilities, and obligations). The two systems have been studied extensively in behavioral research with reference to differences between promotion and prevention goal pursuit as well as the consequences of perceived attainment versus nonattainment within each system. However, no study has examined the neural correlates of each combination of goal domain and goal attainment status. We used a rapid masked idiographic goal priming paradigm and functional magnetic resonance imaging to present individually selected promotion and prevention goals, which participants had reported previously that they were close to attaining (“match”) or far from attaining (“mismatch”). Across the four priming conditions, significant activations were observed in bilateral insula (Brodmann area (BA) 13) and visual association cortex (BA 18/19). Promotion priming discriminantly engaged left prefrontal cortex (BA 9), whereas prevention priming discriminantly engaged right prefrontal cortex (BA 8/9). Activation in response to promotion goal priming was also correlated with an individual difference measure of perceived success in promotion goal attainment. Our findings extend the construct validity of RFT by showing that the two systems postulated by RFT, under conditions of both attainment and nonattainment, have shared and distinct neural correlates that interface logically with established network models of self-regulatory cognition.
The impact of a theory-driven flu vaccine compliance communications campaign: a multiyear evaluation

Achieving full participation in a flu vaccination program for health care workers remains a persistent challenge. While previous studies in the literature have looked at the theoretical background surrounding flu vaccination, few studies have looked at the efficacy and effectiveness of flu vaccination communications campaigns that have been used to encourage populations to become vaccinated. Over three years, a novel flu vaccine compliance communications campaign was developed and implemented at two pilot sites, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of UPMC (WPIC), and Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC (Magee). Pilot sites received the intervention as a rolled-out approach, with UPMC Presbyterian Shadyside serving as a control arm for all three years of the intervention. In the third year of the program, a policy mandate was introduced across UPMC. Moderate increases compared to the initial baseline data, and then year-to-year increases within the individual hospital campus, were seen when a risk-based communications campaign was introduced at Magee and WPIC, with no significant changes when a social-norms component was added. In this population, a social-norms-based approach is unlikely to deliver measurable results with employee vaccination. The largest increases came during the final year of the policy mandate, with no significant changes across the three populations. This indicates that policy is the strongest influencer in employee influenza vaccination, but moderate increases can be achieved with the adoption of a risk-based approach to vaccine communications if such a policy is not feasible. Additionally, employees demonstrated greater engagement with communications materials when theory-driven campaigns were introduced, compared to employee response to communications materials used in the control hospital. This communications approach and campaign carries public health significance by shaping future campaigns and programs, and delivering lessons learned regarding application of motivators, related to routine influenza vaccination, and the expansion of vaccination to other HCW and general adult populations. By developing a novel practice that can be applicable toward a range of vaccination practices, this project carries public health significance in filling a gap toward best practices for encouraging vaccination when organizational or other mandates are not available.
Divided by the Vote: Affective Polarization in the Wake of the Brexit Referendum

Abstract A well-functioning democracy requires a degree of mutual respect and a willingness to talk across political divides. Yet numerous studies have shown that many electorates are polarized along partisan lines, with animosity towards the partisan out-group. This article further develops the idea of affective polarization, not by partisanship, but instead by identification with opinion-based groups. Examining social identities formed during Britain's 2016 referendum on European Union membership, the study uses surveys and experiments to measure the intensity of partisan and Brexit-related affective polarization. The results show that Brexit identities are prevalent, felt to be personally important and cut across traditional party lines. These identities generate affective polarization as intense as that of partisanship in terms of stereotyping, prejudice and various evaluative biases, convincingly demonstrating that affective polarization can emerge from identities beyond partisanship.