Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Antiparasitic Activity of Tris-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles against Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Mice

Nitrogen-containing atoms in their core structures have been exclusive building blocks in drug discovery and development. One of the most significant and well-known heterocycles is the 1,3,4-thidiazole nucleus, which is found in a wide range of natural products and therapeutic agents. In the present work, certain tris-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (6, 7) were synthesized through a multi-step synthesis approach. All synthesized compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic tools. Previously, thiadiazole compounds as anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents have been conducted and reported in vitro. However, this is the first study to test the anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of manufactured molecular hybrids thiadiazole in an infected mouse model with the acute RH strain of T. gondii. All the observed results demonstrated compound (7)’s powerful activity, with a considerable reduction in the parasite count reaching 82.6% in brain tissues, followed by liver and spleen tissues (65.35 and 64.81%, respectively). Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines assessments proved that Compound 7 possesses potent antiparasitic effect. Furthermore, docking tests against TgCDPK1 and ROP18 kinase (two major enzymes involved in parasite invasion and egression) demonstrated compound 7’s higher potency compared to compound 6 and megazol. According to the mentioned results, tris-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives under test can be employed as potent antiparasitic agents against the acute RH strain of T. gondii.
Positive and negative valences, personal innovativeness and intention to use facial recognition for payments

PurposeFacial recognition payment (FRP) has been attracting attention as an alternative payment mode. This research aims to investigate the future use of FRP for both mobile payment and point of sale payment.Design/methodology/approachThe body of information on this topic is promoted by proposing the valence framework, where the authors used relative advantage, initial trust, perceived playfulness and need for uniqueness as positive valence, and perceived risk, technophobia and perceived complexity as negative valence. This study also investigated the moderating effect of personal innovativeness on consumers' behavioral intention to use FRP-based payments. The authors collected data from 392 FRP users from China to test the model. The authors used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the significant determinants influencing FRP use.FindingsThe authors found that relative advantage and privacy risk are the two most influential predictors of FRP use. The findings indicate that personal innovativeness acts as a moderator between negative valence and behavioral intention. This study provides valuable policy guidelines for the mobile or point of sale (POS) payment companies for adding FRP service into their default payment method.Originality/valueFRP is a relatively new technology that has not received much research attention in information system (IS) literature. Most studies on payment investigated enablers, and less effort has been given to study both enablers and inhibitors together. Furthermore, the authors employed SEM-based analysis to identify the most important factors influencing consumers' future use decisions.
Ulcerative Colitis Seems to Imply Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a recurrent pathology of complex etiology that has been occasionally associated with oral lesions, but the overall composition of the oral microbiome in UC patients and its role in the pathogenesis of the disease are still poorly understood. In this study, the oral microbiome of UC patients and healthy individuals was compared to ascertain the possible changes in the oral microbial communities associated with UC. For this, the salivary microbiota of 10 patients diagnosed with an active phase of UC and 11 healthy controls was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (trial ref. ISRCTN39987). Metataxonomic analysis revealed a decrease in the alpha diversity and an imbalance in the relative proportions of some key members of the oral core microbiome in UC patients. Additionally, Staphylococcus members and four differential species or phylotypes were only present in UC patients, not being detected in healthy subjects. This study provides a global snapshot of the existence of oral dysbiosis associated with UC, and the possible presence of potential oral biomarkers.
The road not taken: A comparison of AAERs and securities class actions

Despite the controversial debate over the role of public enforcement and private litigation in detecting and deterring financial misreporting, we have only scant literature comparing their enforcement outcomes: SEC-sanctioned cases (AAERs) and settled class actions against which the SEC did not file cases (SCALs). This paper documents systematic differences between the two. Specifically, AAERs exhibit a larger magnitude of accruals prior to misreporting, as well as greater financing needs and insider trading during manipulation periods. After controlling for case backlogs in the SEC and the courts, the misreporting amount and period of AAERs are also greater and longer than those of SCALs, although SCALs represent greater settlement amounts. Further analysis indicates that resource constraints do not critically undermine the SEC investigations to detect more material misreporting cases. However, plaintiff investors appear to go forum shopping to earn greater settlement proceeds from SCALs. Finally, relative to SCALs, AAERs experienced significant drops in firm performance, analyst following, and CEO tenure around SEC sanctions. Overall, this study provides consistent evidence supporting the SEC’s optimization of detection rates under resource constraints and the strategic interaction between SEC enforcement and private litigation.
Antibacterial, Antifungal and Phytochemical Screening of Bitter Stem Bark (Sacoglottis gabonensis)

The antimicrobial effects of bitter stem bark (Sacoglottis gabonensis) was evaluated using both ethanol and aqueous extracts against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Penicillium spp. Agar-well diffusion method was employed in determining the antimicrobial activity and broth dilution method for determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. All the isolates investigated were susceptible to both the ethanol, aqueous and the combined aqueous and ethanol (synergy) extracts of the bitter stem bark. The zone of inhibition ranged from 7.0 +0.00b mm to 13.0 +0.01a mm with Escherichia coli being the most susceptible at 13.0 +0.01a mm to the ethanol and at 12.0 +0.02a mm to the aqueous extracts at 200mg/ml concentration while P. aeruginosa and Penicillin spp. were the least susceptible at 11.0 +0.02a mm to the ethanol and at 10.0 +0.02a mm to the aqueous extract at 200mg/ml concentration. The control/ standard antimicrobial agent (Gentamicin and Ketoconazole) showed higher inhibitory activity than the plant extracts. The least inhibitory (MIC) value of 6.25 mg/ml was produced against P. aeruginosa by the ethanolic extract and against C. albicans by the combined (aqueous and ethanol) extract of the plant. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the stem bark of Sacoglottis gabonensis reveals the presence of flavonoid, tannin, saponin and alkaloid. The most abundant percentage composition observed was falconoid (7.61 %) while tannin had the least component (1.26 %). The findings from this study show that the stem bark extract possesses appreciable antimicrobial activity against commonly encountered microorganisms in the environment. This therefore implies that it can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent which will contribute to the development of antibiotic drugs against the test organisms.
Effect of Azadirachta indica and Tamarindus indica leaf extract and evaporative cooling on the quality characteristics and shelf life of sapota (Manilkara zapota)

Tropical fruits such as Sapota (Manilkara zapota) are highly perishable. The main reasons for the quality deterioration of these fruits are field heat and microbial attack, which can be reduced by proper cooling techniques and by using antimicrobial agents. The present study was undertaken to extend the shelf life of Sapota using evaporative cooling and antimicrobial coating, namely, neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) and tamarind leaves (Tamarindus indica), at different concentrations (20, 50 and 100%). Coated Sapota fruits were stored for 24 days, whereas uncoated fruits were stored for only 7 days. Both the selected antimicrobial extracts showed antimicrobial activity, and the cooling efficiency of the evaporative cooling chamber was 81-85%. Fruits were cooled to 15-18°C (core temperature), which could enable retention of physio-chemical properties. The results indicated that fruits coated with the highest level (100%) of antimicrobial extract coating (neem leaves and tamarind leaves) and stored under evaporative cooling conditions had the lowest percentage loss in weight (5-7% after 24 days of storage) and good retention of total soluble solids (1-2%), pH (2-3%) and total sugars (3-5%). Thus, coating Sapota fruits with neem leaves and tamarind leaf extracts and storing them under evaporative cooling conditions can be a better way to enhance the shelf life of sapota.
ANALISIS PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN, DAN TINGKAT PAJAK TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2013-2014

Komposisi dari truktur modal yaitu pembelanjaan perusahaan permanen yang sumbernya antara lain dari utang dan modal sendiri. Sedangkan struktur dari keuangan mencerminkan pertimbangan seluruh utang (jangka panjang dan jangan pendek) dengan modal sendiri. Struktur modal itu sendiri terdiri dari modal internal dan modal eksternal. Dalam penentuan struktur modal merupakan tugas manajemen dan penentuannya harus memberikan hasil yang besar untuk perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pengambilan keputusan struktur modal bank umum syariah di Indonesia tahun 2013-2014, salah satunya ada Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, dan Tingkat Pajak. Jumlah bank umum syariah di Indonesia yang diambil adalah sebelas (11), dengan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Pengujian penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ukuran Perusahaan dan Profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap struktur modal bank umum syariah di Indonesia tahun 2013-2014, sedangkan Pertumbuhan Penjualan dan Tingkat Pajak tidak berpengaruh terhadap struktur modal bank umum syariah di Indonesia tahun 2013-2014. Kata Kunci: Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Tingkat Pajak dan Bank Umum Syariah.
Identification, Characterization, and Efficacy Evaluation of Bacillus velezensis for Shot-Hole Disease Biocontrol in Flowering Cherry

Though information exists regarding the pathogenesis of the shot-hole disease (SH) in flowering cherry (FC), there has been a lack of research focusing on SH management. Therefore, here, we investigated the inhibitory activities of antagonistic bacteria against SH pathogens both in vitro and in vivo as well as their biochemical characteristics and bioactive compounds. Two biosurfactant-producing bacterial antagonists, identified as Bacillus velezensis strains JCK-1618 and JCK-1696, exhibited the best effects against the growth of both bacterial and fungal SH pathogens in vitro through their cell-free culture filtrates (CFCFs). These two strains also strongly inhibited the growth of the pathogens via the action of their antimicrobial diffusible compounds and antimicrobial volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Crude enzymes, solvent extracts, and biosurfactants of the two strains exhibited antimicrobial activities. Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis of the partially purified active fractions revealed that the two antagonists produced three cyclic lipopeptides, including iturin A, fengycin A, and surfactin, and a polyketide, oxydifficidin. In a detached leaf assay, pre-treatment and co-treatment of FC leaves with the CFCFs led to a large reduction in the severity of the leaf spots caused by Epicoccum tobaicum and Bukholderia contaminans, respectively. In addition, the two antagonists produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, and a series of hydrolytic enzymes, along with the formation of a substantial biofilm. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the antimicrobial activities of the diffusible compounds and VOCs of B. velezensis against the SH pathogens and their efficiency in the biocontrol of SH.
A Dose-Response Relationship Study of Prophylactic Nalbuphine to Reduce Pain During the Awakening Period in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Total Hysterectomy: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Study

Purpose Prophylactic intravenous nalbuphine was administered to observe its median effective dose (ED50) in reducing pain after undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy. To investigate the effect of different doses of nalbuphine on postoperative analgesia and adverse reactions in patients. Patients and Methods The 120 patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy were divided into 6 groups: group C (control) and group P (5 different doses of nalbuphine) with 20 patients per group. The doses of nalbuphine in group P were in an equally proportional series (groups P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 received doses of 0.280, 0.200, 0.140, 0.100, and 0.070 mg/kg, respectively), diluted to 20 mL with saline and administered 5 min before the induction of anesthesia. A similar volume (20 mL) of saline was administered to group C 5 min before the induction of anesthesia. The numeric rating scale (NRS) of patients during awakening and after surgery, the number of postoperative salvage analgesia, and the occurrence of postoperative adverse effects were recorded. Results The ED50 (95% confidence interval (CI)) of nalbuphine in preventing pain during the awakening period in patients calculated using the point-slope method was 0.125 (0.108, 0.145) mg/kg. NRS scores differed among the 6 groups at 30 min and 1 h after extubation (P < 0.001; P < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons between groups revealed that, at 30 min after extubation, compared with group P1, the NRS scores of groups P4, P5, and C were higher (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001); compared with group P2, groups P5 and C had higher NRS scores (P = 0.011, P = 0.001). At 1 h after extubation, the NRS scores of groups P1 and P2 were lower than that of group P4 (P = 0.046, P = 0.036). Compared with the control, only the group P1 had a lower cough score (P = 0.009) and there were no differences in the other groups. There were no differences in sedation score at 10 min after extubation, the incidence of adverse events at 24 h postoperatively, or the number of remedial analgesics at 24 h postoperatively (P > 0.05). Conclusion The ED50 (95% CI) of nalbuphine as a prophylactic in reducing pain during recovery was 0.125 (0.108, 0.145) mg/kg. Compared with the control, nalbuphine at doses of 0.140, 0.200, and 0.280 mg/kg prevented pain during the awakening period. Among these doses, 0.280 mg/kg was determined to be the best, the occurrence of cough was less during extubation and the postoperative analgesic effect was good. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the occurrence of adverse reactions.
How important are land values in house price growth? Evidence from Canadian cities

A Cobb-Douglas growth accounting framework is used to study the contributions of structures and land to newly-constructed home prices across major Canadian cities. The data set is unusual in that land prices are directly observed rather than having to be imputed, and quality change is carefully controlled for in the measurement of structures. These data permit testing of constant returns to scale, which in conventional applications must be adopted as a maintained hypothesis, as well as the introduction of dynamic eﬀects. Whereas standard analyses ﬁnd land costs to be the dominant contributor to the growth in housing costs, I ﬁnd that this varies greatly by city. Yet, despite this novel empirical result, the evidence supports other recent work that endorses the constant-returns Cobb-Douglas methodological framework.
Abdominal Obesity: An Independent Influencing Factor of Visuospatial and Executive/Language Ability and the Serum Levels of Aβ40/Aβ42/Tau Protein

Background Although obesity affects human health and cognitive function, the influence of abdominal obesity on cognitive function is still unclear. Methods The MoCA scale was used to evaluate the overall cognitive function and the function of each subitem of 196 subjects, as well as the SDMT and TMT-A scales for evaluating the attention and information processing speed. In addition, radioimmunoassay was used to detect the serum levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, and tau protein in 45 subjects. Subjects were divided into abdominal and nonabdominal obesity groups. Before and after correcting confounding factors, the differences in cognitive scale evaluation indexes and three protein levels between the two groups were compared. We also explore further the correlation between various cognitive abilities and the waist circumference/levels of the three proteins. Linear regression was used to identify the independent influencing factors of various cognitive functions and three protein levels. Results After correcting for multiple factors, we observed the lower scores of visuospatial function, execution, and language in the MoCA scale, as well as higher levels of Aβ40 and tau protein in the abdominal obesity group, supported by the results of correlation analysis. Abdominal obesity was identified as an independent negative influencing factor of MoCA visual space, executive power, and language scores and an independent positive influencing factor of Aβ40, Aβ42, and tau protein levels. Conclusion Abdominal obesity may play a negative role in visuospatial, executive ability, and language function and a positive role in the Aβ40, Aβ42, and tau protein serum levels.
Pan-Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Marine Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans Hao 2018 Revealed Its Genomic and Metabolic Features

The genomic and carbohydrate metabolic features of Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans Hao 2018 (P. agarivorans Hao 2018) were investigated through pan-genomic and transcriptomic analyses, and key enzyme genes that may encode the process involved in its extracellular polysaccharide synthesis were screened. The pan-genome of the P. agarivorans strains consists of a core-genome containing 2331 genes, an accessory-genome containing 956 genes, and a unique-genome containing 1519 genes. Clusters of Orthologous Groups analyses showed that P. agarivorans harbors strain-specifically diverse metabolisms, probably representing high evolutionary genome changes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and reconstructed carbohydrate metabolic pathways displayed that P. agarivorans strains can utilize a variety of carbohydrates, such as d-glucose, d-fructose, and d-lactose. Analyses of differentially expressed genes showed that compared with the stationary phase (24 h), strain P. agarivorans Hao 2018 had upregulated expression of genes related to the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides in the logarithmic growth phase (2 h), and that the expression of these genes affected extracellular polysaccharide transport, nucleotide sugar synthesis, and glycosyltransferase synthesis. This is the first investigation of the genomic and metabolic features of P. agarivorans through pan-genomic and transcriptomic analyses, and these intriguing discoveries provide the possibility to produce novel marine drug lead compounds with high biological activity.
Advancement of deep learning in pneumonia/Covid‐19 classification and localization: A systematic review with qualitative and quantitative analysis

Abstract Around 450 million people are affected by pneumonia every year, which results in 2.5 million deaths. Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) has also affected 181 million people, which led to 3.92 million casualties. The chances of death in both of these diseases can be significantly reduced if they are diagnosed early. However, the current methods of diagnosing pneumonia (complaints + chest X‐ray) and Covid‐19 (real‐time polymerase chain reaction) require the presence of expert radiologists and time, respectively. With the help of deep learning models, pneumonia and Covid‐19 can be detected instantly from chest X‐rays or computerized tomography (CT) scans. The process of diagnosing pneumonia/Covid‐19 can become faster and more widespread. In this paper, we aimed to elicit, explain, and evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively all advancements in deep learning methods aimed at detecting community‐acquired pneumonia, viral pneumonia, and Covid‐19 from images of chest X‐rays and CT scans. Being a systematic review, the focus of this paper lies in explaining various deep learning model architectures, which have either been modified or created from scratch for the task at hand. For each model, this paper answers the question of why the model is designed the way it is, the challenges that a particular model overcomes, and the tradeoffs that come with modifying a model to the required specifications. A grouped quantitative analysis of all models described in the paper is also provided to quantify the effectiveness of different models with a similar goal. Some tradeoffs cannot be quantified and, hence, they are mentioned explicitly in the qualitative analysis, which is done throughout the paper. By compiling and analyzing a large quantum of research details in one place with all the data sets, model architectures, and results, we aimed to provide a one‐stop solution to beginners and current researchers interested in this field.
Long-Term Oncological Outcomes for Patients Treated with Oncoplastic Breast-conserving Surgery

Purpose: Oncoplastic breast surgery is a safe and effective surgical technique that improves aesthetic outcomes and broadens the indication for breast-conserving surgery for larger tumors. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term oncological results of oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery in breast cancer patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 230 breast cancer patients who underwent volume displacement oncoplastic breast surgery techniques between 2007 and 2014. We did not limit our data due to the tumor stage to analyze all and see if tumor size affects the safety of this technique. We explored patient and tumor characteristics, surgical treatments, surgery-related complications, and pathological outcomes. Moreover, disease-free survival, overall survival, and local recurrence rates of 10 years follow-up were also estimated. Results: The median follow-up time was 73 months (range 7–149 months). The 10-year disease free survival (DFS) rate was 74.4%, and 10-year overall survival (OS) was 80.0%. The 10-year local recurrence rate was 1.7%. The early complication rate was 22.6%. Conclusions: The oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery is a method that can be applied safely without unfavorable effects on local relapse and survival rates, even for large tumors.