Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physicians and Machine-Learning Algorithm Performance in Predicting Left-Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction from a Standard 12-Lead-Electrocardiogram

Early detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) may prompt early care and improve outcomes for asymptomatic patients. Standard 12-lead ECG may be used to predict LVSD. We aimed to compare the performance of Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA) and physicians in predicting LVSD from a standard 12-lead ECG. By utilizing a dataset of 13,820 pairs of ECGs and echocardiography, a deep residual convolutional neural network was trained for predicting LVSD (ejection fraction (EF) < 50%) from ECG. The ECGs of the test set (n = 850) were assessed for LVSD by the MLA and six physicians. The performance was compared using sensitivity, specificity, and C-statistics. The interobserver agreement between the physicians for the prediction of LVSD was moderate (κ = 0.50), with average sensitivity and specificity of 70%. The C-statistic of the MLA was 0.85. Repeating this analysis with LVSD defined as EF < 35% resulted in an improvement in physicians’ average sensitivity to 84% but their specificity decreased to 57%. The MLA C-statistic was 0.88 with this threshold. We conclude that although MLA outperformed physicians in predicting LVSD from standard ECG, prior to robust implementation of MLA in ECG machines, physicians should be encouraged to use this approach as a simple and readily available aid for LVSD screening.
A Perturbation Theory for Strong Plasma Turbulence

A new perturbation theory for solving the Vlasov equation is derived. The theory is especially designed to cope with time secularities and nonanalyticity in the expansion parameter (the field strength). The method is based on the use of a statistical set of exact particle orbits instead of the unperturbed orbits conventionally used in perturbation solutions of the Vlasov equation. A principal result of the theory is a modification of the particle‐wave interaction and a ``broadening'' of the associated resonant denominator (ω − k·v)−1. The nature of the time secularities associated with the streaming modes exp i k·v t is discussed. A simple application to velocity‐space diffusion and trapping and its effect on wave growth is described.
PT-symmetric quantum mechanics

This paper proposes to broaden the canonical formulation of quantum mechanics. Ordinarily, one imposes the condition H†=H on the Hamiltonian, where † represents the mathematical operation of complex conjugation and matrix transposition. This conventional Hermiticity condition is sufficient to ensure that the Hamiltonian H has a real spectrum. However, replacing this mathematical condition by the weaker and more physical requirement H‡=H, where ‡ represents combined parity reflection and time reversal PT, one obtains new classes of complex Hamiltonians whose spectra are still real and positive. This generalization of Hermiticity is investigated using a complex deformation H=p2+x2(ix)e of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian, where e is a real parameter. The system exhibits two phases: When e⩾0, the energy spectrum of H is real and positive as a consequence of PT symmetry. However, when −1<e<0, the spectrum contains an infinite number of complex eigenvalues and a finite number of real, positive eigenvalues b.
Hybrid techniques for myocardial regeneration: state of the art and future perspectives

Myocardium has a limited proliferative capacity, and adult hearts are considered incapable of regenerating after injury. A significant loss in the viable myocardium eventually diminishes the heart’s ability to contract synchronously, leading to heart failure. Despite the development in interventional and pharmacological treatment for ischemic heart disease and heart failure, there is a significant number of highly symptomatic patients. For these individuals, treatments that stimulate myocardial regeneration can offer alleviation of dyspnea and angina and improvement in quality of life. Stem cells are known to promote neovascularization and endothelial repair. Various stem cell lines have been investigated over the years to establish those with the highest potential to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, including bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, CD34+, CD133+, endothelial progenitor cells, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem cell studies were based on several delivery pathways: infusion into coronary vessels, direct injection into the injured region of the myocardium, and delivery within the novel bioengineered scaffolds. Acellular materials have also been investigated over the years. They demonstrate the therapeutic potential to promote angiogenesis and release of growth factors to improve the restoration of critical components of the extracellular matrix. This review summarizes hybrid cardiac regeneration treatments that combine novel bioengineering techniques with delivery approaches that cardiac surgeons can provide.
Some Properties of a Cayley Graph of a Commutative Ring

Let R be a commutative ring with unity and R +, U(R), and Z*(R) be the additive group, the set of unit elements, and the set of all nonzero zero-divisors of R, respectively. We denote by ℂ𝔸𝕐(R) and G R , the Cayley graph Cay(R +, Z*(R)) and the unitary Cayley graph Cay(R +, U(R)), respectively. For an Artinian ring R, Akhtar et al. (2009) studied G R . In this article, we study ℂ𝔸𝕐(R) and determine the clique number, chromatic number, edge chromatic number, domination number, and the girth of ℂ𝔸𝕐(R). We also characterize all rings R whose ℂ𝔸𝕐(R) is planar. Moreover, we determine all finite rings R whose ℂ𝔸𝕐(R) is strongly regular. We prove that ℂ𝔸𝕐(R) is strongly regular if and only if it is edge transitive. As a consequence, we characterize all finite rings R for which G R is a strongly regular graph.
Influence of turbulent structure on the heat transfer of Rayleigh–Bénard convection with triangular roughness element

ABSTRACT There is a widely accepted conclusion that the wall roughness do not always enhance the heat transport of the turbulent thermal convection. In this paper, the heat transfer efficiency is statistically investigated from the perspective of turbulent structure. The effect of turbulent structure on the heat transfer of Rayleigh–Bénard convection with triangular rough element on the top and bottom plates is numerically simulated by a lattice Boltzmann method. We use a clustering method to identify complex turbulent structures associated with intense events. The reduction of the Nusselt number is obtained for small roughness height H/L, while the enhancement of heat transport appears for large H/L. For the large H/L case, the positive temperature structures occupying the negative heat transfer events reduce the efficiency of the heat transfer. On the contrary, the negative temperature turbulent structures boost the heat transfer. By analyzing the conditional average field, we found that the enhancement of the heat transfer for large H/L cases is due to that the negative temperature structures play a dominant role. For small H/L cases, the positive temperature structures inhibit the heat transfer. Furthermore, the more positive and negative temperature structures for large H/L cases are generated near the solid wall and the corner of the box. The physical explanation for the Nu enhancement is that the more secondary vortices are generated by the interaction of these turbulent structures and the rough wall, leading to more plumes ejected from the boundary layers to the bulk.
Multiple imputation of censored survival data in the presence of missing covariates using restricted mean survival time

Missing covariates data with censored outcomes put a challenge in the analysis of clinical data especially in small sample settings. Multiple imputation (MI) techniques are popularly used to impute missing covariates and the data are then analyzed through methods that can handle censoring. However, techniques based on MI are available to impute censored data also but they are not much in practice. In the present study, we applied a method based on multiple imputation by chained equations to impute missing values of covariates and also to impute censored outcomes using restricted survival time in small sample settings. The complete data were then analyzed using linear regression models. Simulation studies and a real example of CHD data show that the present method produced better estimates and lower standard errors when applied on the data having missing covariate values and censored outcomes than the analysis of the data having censored outcome but excluding cases with missing covariates or the analysis when cases with missing covariate values and censored outcomes were excluded from the data (complete case analysis).
Simulation and Testing of a Linear Array of Modified Four-Square Feed Antennas for the Tianlai Cylindrical Radio Telescope

A wide bandwidth, dual polarized, modified four-square antenna is presented as a feed antenna for radio astronomical measurements. A linear array of these antennas is used as a line-feed for cylindrical reflectors for Tianlai, a radio interferometer designed for 21~cm intensity mapping. Simulations of the feed antenna beam patterns and scattering parameters are compared to experimental results at multiple frequencies across the 650 - 1420 MHz range. Simulations of the beam patterns of the combined feed array/reflector are presented as well.
Multi-class fundamental diagrams from the Prigogine–Herman–Boltzmann equation

Our aim in this paper is to establish a theoretical fundamental diagram for a multi-class traffic flow from a gas-kinetic-like traffic model. We start with a multi-class generalization of the Prigogine–Herman–Boltzmann equation to construct the fundamental relation for this system. We show that there exists a critical density which depends on the relative concentration of slow and fast users and describe a procedure to find the threshold value. Finally, our flow-density relation for a two-class mixture of vehicles is contrasted with empirical data in the literature.
The Ultraviolet Calibration of the Hubble Space Telescope. III. A Correction for the Change in Sensitivity of the LWR Camera on IUE

The IUE data on standard stars that will be the basis of UV absolute photometric calibration for the Hubble Space Telescope must be corrected for the changes that are apparent in the low-dispersion spectra of the five standard stars. A set of 895 spectra is presently analyzed in order to determine the change in sensitivity of the SWP camera for the first 8 years of flight operations. Sensitivity loss is noted to be most acute at the shortest (1400-1500 A) wavelengths, as well as beyond 1800 A, where total degradation often exceeds 10 percent. 11 references.
Point-contact spectroscopy of the electron-doped cuprate superconductor Pr 2-x Ce x CuO 4 : The dependence of conductance-voltage spectra on cerium doping, barrier strength, and magnetic field

We present conductance-voltage (G-V) data for point-contact junctions between a normal metal and the electron-doped cuprate superconductor Pr 2 - x Ce x CuO 4 (PCCO). We observe a zero-bias conductance peak for the underdoped composition of this cuprate (x = 0.13) which is consistent with d-wave pairing symmetry. For optimally doped (x=0.15) and overdoped (x=0.17) PCCO, we find that the G-V characteristics indicate the presence of an order parameter without nodes. We investigate this further by obtaining point-contact spectroscopy data for different barrier strengths and as a function of magnetic field. We observe a gaplike feature at the Fermi energy in the normal state of PCCO (H≥H c 2 ) for all dopings.
Experimental Observation of Dirac Nodal Links in Centrosymmetric Semimetal 
TiB2

The topological nodal-line semimetal state, serving as a fertile ground for various topological quantum phases, where a topological insulator, Dirac semimetal, or Weyl semimetal can be realized when the certain protecting symmetry is broken, has only been experimentally studied in very few materials. In contrast to discrete nodes, nodal lines with rich topological configurations can lead to more unusual transport phenomena. Utilizing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, here, we provide compelling evidence of nodal-line fermions in centrosymmetric semimetal TiB$_2$ with a negligible spin-orbit coupling effect. With the band crossings just below the Fermi energy, two groups of Dirac nodal rings are clearly observed without any interference from other bands, one surrounding the Brillouin zone (BZ) corner in the horizontal mirror plane $\sigma_h$ and the other surrounding the BZ center in the vertical mirror plane $\sigma_v$. The linear dispersions forming Dirac nodal rings are as wide as 2 eV. We further observe that the two groups of nodal rings link together along the $\Gamma$-$K$ direction, composing a nodal-link configuration. The simple electronic structure with Dirac nodal links mainly constituting the Fermi surfaces suggests TiB$_2$ as a remarkable platform for studying and applying the novel physical properties related to nodal-line fermions.
Unconventional superconductivity in the extended Hubbard model: Weak-coupling renormalization group

In superconducting phases, repulsive interactions between the electrons usually lead to higher-angular momentum Cooper pairing. Here, the authors employ the weak-coupling renormalization group approach to study unconventional superconducting phases emerging in the extended, repulsive Hubbard model on paradigmatic two-dimensional lattices. Among their findings are extended regions of chiral topological superconductivity on the square, triangular, and honeycomb lattices. They provide detailed superconducting phase diagrams as well as the coupling strengths that quantify the corresponding critical temperatures depending on the band-structure parameters, band filling, and interaction parameters. The importance of the resolution and accuracy of the numerical integration for the method is discussed and a way to higher numerical efficiency provided.
R-matrix analysis of the 3 He(n, p) 3 H and 7 Be(n, p) 7 Li reactions

We apply theR-matrix formalism to the 3 He(n, p) 3 Ha nd 7 Be(n, p) 7 Li reactions, which play an important role in the big-bang nucleosynthesis. The cross sections are analysed along with the 4 He and 8 Be spectra near threshold. Neutron and proton widths of high-energy states are determined. A statistical analysis of the uncertainties provide fairly low error bars (typically 2% at the 1σ confidence level) on the reaction rates.
Environmental and Human Health Risks of Lead Accumulation in Soil Samples from Solid Waste Dumpsites within Abuja, Nigeria

The environmental risks associated with heavy metal pollutions are becoming worrisome. Hence, this study evaluated the environmental and human health risks of lead (Pb) accumulation in soil samples from solid waste dumpsites within Abuja, Nigeria. Soil samples (n=72) were collected (0-45 cm depth) from Abaji, Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada, Kuje, and Kwali dumpsites and 2 km away (control), and then analyzed for Pb using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The risks of Pb contaminations were then evaluated in soils and in individuals (Children and Adults) via inhalation and dermal contacts with soil using ecological and health risk equations. Pb concentrations in the dumpsites were below the permissible limits set by environmental protection agencies and were highest in Kuje dumpsite and lowest in Abaji dumpsite. The ecological pollution indices ranged from ‘low risks’ (at Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada dumpsites) to ‘very contamination risks’ (at Kuje and Kwali dumpsites). Daily dose for Pb via dermal contact pathways were higher and no significant lifetime health (non-carcer and cancer) risks were observed suggesting that inhalation and dermal routes pose very low health risk of Pb poisoning in both children (≤ 15 years) and adults (≤ 70 years). This study suggests that the concentration of Pb in the study dumpsites might cause more ecological risks than health hazards in exposed individuals via inhalation and dermal pathways.
The slime hand illusion: Nonproprioceptive ownership distortion specific to the skin region

The “slime hand illusion” is a simple and robust technique that uses mirror-visual feedback to produce a nonproprioceptive ownership distortion. The illusion can be easily evoked by the participant watching the experimenter pinching and pulling a chunk of slime in a mirror while the participant's hand, hidden behind the mirror, is similarly manipulated. This procedure produces a feeling of one of their fingers or the skin of their whole hand being stretched or deformed in a similar way to the visible slime. A public experiment found that more than 90% of participants reported a strong sense of skin or finger stretching. This report details a laboratory experiment performed to characterize the mechanisms behind the illusion more robustly. It reproduced this result and found that participants experienced a drift in their sense of skin location of approximately 30 cm on average, which is beyond the conventionally accepted range of proprioceptive drift.
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT SPATIAL OSCILLATIONS IN THE CORRELATIONS OF THE XXZ SPIN CHAIN

We study the correlation {l_angle}{sigma}{sup z}{sub 0}{sigma}{sup z}{sub n}{r_angle} for the XXZ chain in the massless attractive (ferromagnetic) region at positive temperatures by means of a numerical study of the quantum transfer matrix. We find that there is a range of temperature where the behavior of the correlation for large separations is oscillatory with an incommensurate period which depends on temperature. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}
Escaping the shadow of the past: historical context and generational identity work among young entrepreneurs in Phnom Penh’s nascent start-up scene

ABSTRACT Identity work, the process through which entrepreneurs create a coherent and distinctive identity for themselves and their businesses, constitutes an important source of legitimacy. Yet while the ongoing social and spatial contexts in which entrepreneurs operate are increasingly viewed as critical contingencies for understanding their identity work, historical context is largely neglected. We focus on how entrepreneurs in the nascent start-up scene in Phnom Penh, Cambodia employ history in their identity work as they navigate a rapidly changing societal context. Based on three months of qualitative field research, our findings indicate that research participants distance themselves from the older generation by describing them as risk-averse, conventional and distrusting, while they embrace their own generation as innovative, globally oriented, and socially engaged. Through the articulation of these generational identity markers, young entrepreneurs construct and position themselves within a historical narrative of Cambodian development and, in turn, seek legitimacy for themselves, their business ventures, and the broader start-up scene. Our contribution lies in providing a more historically-sensitive understanding of entrepreneurial identity work, proposing generational identity work as a mechanism for entrepreneurs to gain legitimacy, and illuminating the importance of conceptualizing generations as social forces in entrepreneurship studies.
Percutaneous Radiology Gastrostomy (PRG)-Associated Complications at a Tertiary Hospital over the Last 25 Years

Objectives: We aimed to describe and compare the complications associated with different percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) techniques. Methods: A retrospective and prospective observational study was conducted. Patients who underwent a PRG between 1995–2020 were included. Techniques: A pigtail catheter was used until 2003, a balloon catheter without pexy was used between 2003–2009 and a balloon catheter with gastropexy was used between 2015–2021. For the comparison of proportions, X2 tests or Fisher’s test were used when necessary. Univariate analysis was performed to study the risk factors for PRG-associated complications. Results: n = 330 (pigtail = 114, balloon-type without pexy = 28, balloon-type with pexy = 188). The most frequent indication was head and neck cancer. The number of patients with complications was 44 (38.5%), 11 (39.2%) and 54 (28,7%), respectively. There were seven (25%) cases of peritonitis in the balloon-type without-pexy group and 1 (0.5%) in the balloon-type with-pexy group, the latter being the only patient who died in the total number of patients (0.3%). Two (1%) patients of the balloon-type with-pexy group presented with gastrocolic fistula. The rest of the complications were minor. Conclusions: The most frequent complications associated with the administration of enteral nutrition through PRG were minor and the implementation of the balloon-type technique with pexy has led to a decrease in them.
Contract farming, animal epidemic disease outbreaks, and inclusive growth in rural China

ABSTRACT Contract farming (CF) is promoted as part of agricultural development policies in many countries. Few literature on CF has considered the animal epidemic risk, which significantly affects the total revenue and the re-distribution between the contract farmers and the enterprise. Using the ten-year nationwide household-level panel data, we investigate the Chinese poultry sector to analyse the inclusiveness of CF. We evaluate the impact of participating in CF on farmers’ income and asset endowments when animal epidemic diseases occur. The results confirm the insurance and discover the special re-distribution function of CF through adjusting product price. CF negatively affects large farmers’ poultry farming income while it could be mitigated during the animal epidemic disease outbreak. Meanwhile, participating in CF has a significant positive effect on small farmers’ assets when diseases occur. However, CF fails to be ‘inclusive’ in the presence of risks. The above positive effect is limited due to overall fewer participation opportunities available to small farmers. Policy implications and suggestions are derived to improve the inclusiveness of CF to small household farmers.
Photothermal fabrication of microstructures in transparent low-melting media doped with rare earth ions as a light absorber

Microstructures were fabricated by a photothermal process in a low-melting organic-inorganic hybrid material of tin silicophosphate doped with Nd3+ ion as a light absorber. The negative refractive index change of the order of 10−3 was photothermally induced inside the low-melting glass with a spatial resolution ranging from 10to100μm using a 514.5nm emission from an Ar+ laser of less than 30mW as the excitation source. The volume expansion due to the photogenerated heat at the laser focus is found to be responsible for the photothermally induced negative photorefractive index change.