Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stellar and circumstellar properties of visual binaries in the Orion Nebula Cluster

Context. Our general understanding of multiple star and planet formation is primarily based on observations of young multiple systems in low density regions like Tau-Aur and Oph. Since many, if not most, of the stars are born in clusters, observatio nal constraints from young binaries in those environments are fundamental for understanding both the formation of multiple systems and planets in multiple systems throughout the Galaxy. Aims. We build upon the largest survey for young binaries in the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) which is based on Hubble Space Telescope observations to derive both stellar and circumst ellar properties of newborn binary systems in this cluster e nvironment. Methods. We present Adaptive Optics spatially-resolved JHKL’-band photometry and K-band R∼ 5000 spectra for a sample of 8 ONC binary systems from this database. We characterize the stel lar properties of binary components and obtain a census of protoplanetary disks through K-L’ color excess. For a combined sample of ONC binaries including 7 additional systems with NIR spectroscopy from the literature, we derive mass ratio and relative age distri butions. We compare the stellar and circumstellar properti es of binaries in ONC with those in Tau-Aur and Oph from samples of binaries with stellar properties derived for each component from spectr a and/or visual photometry and with a disk census obtained through K-L color excess. Results. The mass ratio distribution of ONC binaries is found to be indistinguishable from that of Tau-Aur and, to some extent, to that of Oph in the separation range 85-560 AU and for primary mass in the range 0.15 to 0.8 M⊙. A trend toward a lower mass ratio with larger separation is suggested in ONC binaries which is not seen in Tau-Aur binaries. The components of ONC binaries are found to be significantly more coeval than the overall ONC populati on and as coeval as components of binaries in Tau-Aur and Oph. There is a hint of a larger fraction of mixed pairs, i.e. systems wit h a disk around only one component, in wide ONC binaries in comparison to wide binaries in Tau-Aur and Oph within the same primary mass range that could be caused by hierarchical triples. The ma ss ratio distributions of mixed and unmixed pairs in the overall population of T Tauri binaries are shown to be different. Some of these trends require confirmation with observations of a larger sample of binary systems.
HOW NOT TO BUILD TATOOINE: THE DIFFICULTY OF IN SITU FORMATION OF CIRCUMBINARY PLANETS KEPLER 16b, KEPLER 34b, AND KEPLER 35b

We study planetesimal evolution in circumbinary disks, focusing on the three systems Kepler 16, 34, and 35 where planets have been discovered recently. We show that for circumbinary planetesimals, in addition to secular forcing, eccentricities evolve on a dynamical timescale, which leads to orbital crossings even in the presence of gas drag. This makes the current locations of the circumbinary Kepler planets hostile to planetesimal accretion. We then present results from simulations including planetesimal formation and dust accretion, and show that even in the most favorable case of 100% efficient dust accretion, in situ growth starting from planetesimals smaller than ∼10 km is difficult for Kepler 16b, Kepler 34b, and Kepler 35b. These planets were likely assembled further out in the disk, and migrated inward to their current location.
THE LONG-TERM CENTIMETER VARIABILITY OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI: A NEW RELATION BETWEEN VARIABILITY TIMESCALE AND ACCRETION RATE

We study the long-term ( years) radio variability of 43 radio-bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) by exploiting the database of the University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory monitoring program. We model the periodograms (temporal power spectra) of the observed light curves as simple power-law noise (red noise, spectral power ) using Monte Carlo simulations, taking into account windowing effects (red-noise leak, aliasing). The power spectra of 39 (out of 43) sources are in good agreement with the models, yielding a range in power spectral index (β) from ≈1 to ≈3. We fit a Gaussian function to each flare in a given light curve to obtain the flare duration. We discover a correlation between β and the median duration of the flares. We use the derivative of a light curve to obtain a characteristic variability timescale, which does not depend on the assumed functional form of the flares, incomplete fitting, and so on. We find that, once the effects of relativistic Doppler boosting are corrected for, the variability timescales of our sources are proportional to the accretion rate to the power of 0.25 ± 0.03 over five orders of magnitude in accretion rate, regardless of source type. We further find that modeling the periodograms of four of our sources requires the assumption of broken power-law spectra. From simulating light curves as superpositions of exponential flares, we conclude that strong overlap of flares leads to featureless simple power-law periodograms of AGNs at radio wavelengths in most cases.
REMARKABLE SPECTRAL VARIABILITY OF PDS 456

We report on the highest to date signal-to-noise ratio X-ray spectrum of the luminous quasar PDS 456, as obtained during two XMM-Newton orbits in 2007 September. The present spectrum is considerably different from several previous X-ray spectra recorded for PDS 456 since 1998. The ultra-high-velocity outflow seen as recently as 2007 February is not detected in absorption. Conversely, a significant reflection component is detected (Δχ2 = 313 compared to a simple absorbed power law). The reflection model suggests that the reflecting medium may be outflowing at a velocity v/c = −0.06 ± 0.02 (Δχ2 = 28 compared to v/c = 0). The present spectrum is analyzed in the context of the previous ones in an attempt to understand all spectra within the framework of a single model. We examine whether an outflow with variable partial covering of the X-ray source along the line of sight that also reflects the source from other lines of sight can explain the dramatic variations in the broadband spectral curvature of PDS 456. It is established that absorption plays a major role in shaping the spectrum of other epochs, while the 2007 XMM-Newton spectrum is dominated by reflection, and the coverage of the source by the putative outflow is small (<20%).
The architecture of Abell 1386 and its relationship to the Sloan Great Wall

We present new radial velocities from AAOmega on the Anglo-Australian Telescope for 307 galaxies (b <19.5) in the region of the rich cluster Abell 1386. Consistent with other studies of galaxy clusters that constitute subunits of superstructures, we find that the velocity distribution of A1386 is very broad (21 000-42 000 km s, or z = 0.08-0.14) and complex. The mean redshift of the cluster that Abell designated as number 1386 is found to be ~0.104. However, we find that it consists of various superpositions of line-of-sight components. We investigate the reality of each component by testing for substructure and searching for giant elliptical galaxies in each and show that A1386 is made up of at least four significant clusters or groups along the line of sight whose global parameters we detail. Peculiar velocities of brightest galaxies for each of the groups are computed and found to be different from previous works, largely due to the complexity of the sky area and the depth of analysis performed in the present work. We also analyse A1386 in the context of its parent superclusters: Leo A and especially the Sloan GreatWall. Although the new clusters may be moving towards mass concentrations in the Sloan Great Wall or beyond, many are most likely not yet physically bound to it. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation
Role of critical spin fluctuations in ultrafast demagnetization of transition-metal rare-earth alloys

Ultrafast magnetization dynamics induced by femtosecond laser pulses have been measured in ferrimagnetic Co0.8Gd0. 2, Co0.74Tb0. 26, and Co0.86Tb0. 14 alloys. Using element sensitivity of x- ray magnetic circular dichroism at the Co L-3, Tb M-5, and Gd M-5 edges, we see that the demagnetization dynamics is element dependent. We show that a thermalization time as fast as 280 +/- 30 fs is observed for the rare earth in the alloy when the excited-state temperature is below the compensation temperature. It is limited to 500 +/- 100 fs when the excited-state temperature is below the Curie temperature (T-C). Therefore, for transition-metal rare-earth alloys, we propose that critical spin fluctuations in the vicinity of T-C reduce the demagnetization rates of the 4f electrons, whereas far from T-C the limited demagnetization rates should be avoided.
Ecological Risk Analysis for Benzalkonium Chloride, Benzethonium Chloride, and Chloroxylenol in US Disinfecting and Sanitizing Products

Use of three topical antiseptic compounds—benzalkonium chloride (BAC), benzethonium chloride (BZT), and chloroxylenol (PCMX)—has recently increased because of the phaseout of other antimicrobial ingredients (such as triclosan) in soaps and other disinfecting and sanitizing products. Further, use of sanitizing products in general increased during the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. We assessed the environmental safety of BAC, BZT, and PCMX based on best available environmental fate and effects data from the scientific literature and privately held sources. The ecological exposure assessment focused on aquatic systems receiving effluent from wastewater‐treatment plants (WWTPs) and terrestrial systems receiving land‐applied WWTP biosolids. Recent exposure levels were characterized based on environmental monitoring data supplemented by modeling, while future exposures were modeled based on a hypothetical triclosan replacement scenario. Hazard profiles were developed based on acute and chronic studies examining toxicity to aquatic life (fish, invertebrates, algae, vascular plants) and terrestrial endpoints (plants, soil invertebrates, and microbial functions related to soil fertility). Risks to higher trophic levels were not assessed because these compounds are not appreciably bioaccumulative. The risk analysis indicated that neither BZT nor PCMX in any exposure media is likely to cause adverse ecological effects under the exposure scenarios assessed in the present study. Under these scenarios, total BAC exposures are at least three times less than estimated effect thresholds, while margins of safety for freely dissolved BAC are estimated to be greater than an order of magnitude. Because the modeling did not specifically account for COVID‐19 pandemic–related usage, further environmental monitoring is anticipated to understand potential changes in environmental exposures as a result of increased antiseptic use. The analysis presented provides a framework to interpret future antiseptic monitoring results, including monitoring parameters and modeling approaches to address bioavailability of the chemicals of interest. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:3095–3115. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Resolving LSND anomaly by neutrino diffraction

A diffraction component in the position-dependent neutrino probability found in a recent work leads large electron neutrino fluxes at short base-line experiments, and resolves anomalies of LSND and two neutrino experiment (TWN). The electron neutrino flux in short distance is attributed to the neutrino diffraction and the one in long distance is attributed to the normal flavor oscillation. Since the former depends upon the average mass-squared ¯ m 2 and the latter depends upon the ˜ �� ,
THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE HALO PN BoBn 1: FROM A VIEWPOINT OF CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES BASED ON MULTIWAVELENGTH SPECTRA

We have performed a comprehensive chemical abundance analysis of the extremely metal-poor ([Ar/H] < −2) halo planetary nebula (PN) BoBn 1 based on International Ultraviolet Explorer archive data, Subaru/High-Dispersion Spectrograph spectra, VLT/UVES archive data, and Spitzer/IRS spectra. We have detected over 600 lines in total and calculated ionic and elemental abundances of 13 elements using detected optical recombination lines (ORLs) and collisionally excited lines (CELs). The estimations of C, N, O, and Ne abundances from the ORLs and Kr, Xe, and Ba from the CELs are done the first for this nebula, empirically and theoretically. The C, N, O, and Ne abundances from ORLs are systematically larger than those from CELs. The abundance discrepancies apart from O could be explained by a temperature fluctuation model, and that of O might be by a hydrogen-deficient cold component model. We have detected five fluorine and several slow neutron capture elements (the s-process). The amounts of [F/H], [Kr/H], and [Xe/H] suggest that BoBn 1 is the most F-rich among F-detected PNe and is a heavy s-process element rich PN. We have confirmed dust in the nebula that is composed of amorphous carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with a total mass of 5.8 × 10−6 M☉. The photoionization models built with non-LTE theoretical stellar atmospheres indicate that the progenitor was a 1–1.5 M☉ star that would evolve into a white dwarf with an ∼0.62 M☉ core mass and ∼0.09 M☉ ionized nebula. We have measured a heliocentric radial velocity of +191.6 ±1.3 km s−1 and expansion velocity 2Vexp of 40.5 ± 3.3 km s−1 from an average over 300 lines. The derived elemental abundances have been reviewed from the standpoint of theoretical nucleosynthesis models. It is likely that the elemental abundances except N could be explained either by a 1.5 M☉ single star model or by a binary model composed of 0.75 M☉ + 1.5 M☉ stars. Careful examination implies that BoBn 1 has evolved from a 0.75 M☉ + 1.5 M☉ binary and experienced coalescence during the evolution to become a visible PN, similar to the other extremely metal-poor halo PN, K 648 in M 15.
Psychometric Properties of the French European Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (LDCDQ-FE): A Pilot Study

Abstract Aims The Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (LDCDQ) is a parental questionnaire designed to identify preschool children at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the LDCDQ for French European informants (Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-French European [LDCDQ-FE]) and to undertake a pilot examination of its psychometric properties on a French sample. Methods A thorough process of cultural adaptation was completed. The psychometric properties were examined with a sample of 154 French children aged to 5y11m (control = 121; clinically referred = 33). A sub-group of 34 children was assessed using the MABC-2 to measure convergent validity. Results Principal component analysis demonstrated a four-component structure, accounting for 67.5% of the variance. Internal consistency was acceptable to good (α = 0.74–0.89). Significant correlation between the LDCDQ-FE and the MABC-2 total scores showed convergent validity. Discriminant validity was supported by significant score differences between the clinically referred and a matched control sub-group. Using ROC curves, a cutoff of 67 was proposed for a sensitivity of 81.3% and a specificity of 77.8%. Conclusions Results show initial evidence of the psychometric properties of the LDCDQ-FE and are encouraging of its use to identify young preschoolers at risk for DCD. In future studies, the test-retest reliability should be investigated, and study sample sizes expanded.
Spectral properties of 438 GRBs detected by Fermi/GBM

We present the results of the spectral analysis of the public data of 438 Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi Gamma ray Burst Monitor (GBM) up to March 2010. For 432 bursts we could fit the time integrated spectrum. In 318 cases we can reliably constrain the peak energy Epeak of their \nu F_\nu spectrum by analyzing their time integrated spectrum between 8 keV and 35 MeV. 80% of these spectra are fitted by a power law with an exponential cutoff, and the remaining with the Band function. Among these 318 GRBs, 274 and 44 belong to the long and short GRB class, respectively. Long GRBs have a typical peak energy Epeak=160 keV and low energy spectral index alpha=-0.92. Short GRBs have harder peak energy (Epeak=490 keV) and harder low energy spectral index (alpha=-0.50) than long bursts. For each Fermi GRB we analyzed also the spectrum corresponding to the peak flux of the burst. On average, the peak spectrum has harder low energy spectral index but similar Epeak than the corresponding time-integrated spectrum for the same burst. The spectral parameters derived in our analysis of Fermi/GBM bursts are globally consistent with those reported in the GRB Cicular Network (GCN) archive after December 2008, while we found systematic differences, concerning the low energy power law index, for earlier bursts.
Comparative Effectiveness of Manual Therapy Interventions on Pain and Pressure Pain Threshold in Patients With Myofascial Trigger Points

Objectives: Myofascial trigger points (MTPs) are one of the most important causes of musculoskeletal pain. Evidence has suggested a positive effect of manual therapy in the treatment of MTPs. However, a comprehensive review comparing the effect of different manual therapy techniques are lacking. Thus, we conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to determine the type of manual therapy technique that has the greatest positive influence in patients with MTPs. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched to identify direct and indirect evidence comparing the effectiveness of different types of manual therapy interventions on pain intensity and pressure pain threshold (PPT) in patients with MTPs. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB2 tool. A pairwise meta-analysis for direct and indirect comparisons between intervention and control/nonintervention groups was carried out. Results: A total of 37 studies were eligible for analysis. Combined interventions had the highest effect size for pain (−1.40; 95% CI, −2.34, −0.47), and the highest probability to be the best intervention and the highest Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking (64.7% and 87.9%, respectively). Afferent reduction techniques, understood as the interventions aimed to restore muscle spindles helping to dictate sarcomere length and tone in MTPs, had the highest effect size for PPT (0.93; 95% CI, 0.47, 1.39), and the highest probability to be the best intervention and the highest Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking (34.7% and 71.2%, respectively). The results were consistent in sensitivity analyses, with minimal inconsistencies between direct and indirect results. Discussion: Manual therapy interventions should be considered an effective strategy for pain and PPT in patients with MTPs. The results suggest that among the different manual therapy modalities, combined and afferent reduction techniques are the most effective for pain and PPT, respectively.
Physical–Chemical Recovery of a Montane Stream After Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage: Timing and Extent After Turning off the Tap

We monitored physical–chemical conditions in the North Fork of Clear Creek in Colorado (USA) before, during, and after the start of remediation (lime treatment) to remove metals from two major inputs of acid mine drainage (AMD) water. In addition, we analyzed historical monitoring data that extended back more than two decades. Concentration–discharge (C–D) and load–discharge (L–D) plots accounted for discharge dependence in concentrations and loads of metals, major ions, and other water chemistry parameters. Total and dissolved concentrations, and loads of the metals decreased after remediation began, with the largest decreases usually during low stream flow. However, postremediation concentrations and loads remained slightly to considerably higher than reference, probably because of unidentified groundwater seeps and/or small surface flows. Dissolved Cu concentrations decreased much less than total Cu concentrations, because the percentage of total Cu in the dissolved phase increased considerably as particulate Fe (PFe) concentration decreased. We conclude that 1) water chemistry can change to a new steady state or pseudo‐steady state relatively quickly after major AMD inputs to a stream are remediated; 2) elevated flows during snowmelt and rainfall periods can mobilize additional amounts of major ions and metals, resulting in in‐stream concentrations that are manifestations of both dilution and mobilization; 3) although lime treatment of AMD‐related waters can decrease metal concentrations, it does not decrease elevated concentrations of major ions that might impair sensitive stream invertebrates; 4) although Fe is toxic to aquatic organisms, PFe adsorbs other metals and thereby provides protection against their toxicity; and 5) use of C–D and L–D plots and element ratios can indicate the presence of unidentified AMD inputs to a stream. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:495–511. © 2022 SETAC
Factors affecting bus accident severity in Thailand: A multinomial logit model

Bus accidents are a serious issue, with high rates of injury and fatality in Thailand. However, no studies have been conducted on the factors affecting bus accident severity in Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted by the Department of Highways, Thailand over the 2010–2019 period. A multinomial logit model was used to evaluate the factors associated with bus accident severity. This model divided accidents into three categories: non-injury, injury, and fatality. The risk factors consisted of three major categories: the bus driver, characteristics of the crash, and environmental characteristics. The results showed that characteristics of the bus driver, the crash, and the environment where the crash occurred all increased the probability of bus accidents causing injury. These three main factors included driving on sloped roads (relative risk ratio [RRR] 3.03, 95% confidence level [CI] 1.73 to 5.30), drowsy driving (RRR 2.60, 95% CI 1.71 to 3.96), and driving in the wrong direction (RRR 2.37, 95% CI 1.77 to 3.19). Moreover, the factors that increased the probability of the accidents causing fatality were drowsy driving (RRR 3.40, 95% CI 2.07 to 5.57) and drivers not obeying or following traffic rules (RRR 3.02, 95% CI 1.95 to 4.67), especially in the northern part of Thailand (RRR 3.01, 95% CI 1.98 to 4.62). The results can provide a valuable resource to help road authorities in development targeting road safety programs at sloped roads in the northern part of Thailand. Stakeholders should increase road safety efforts and implement campaigns, such as raising public awareness of the risks of not obeying or following traffic rules and drowsy driving which could possibly reduce the risk of both injury and fatality.