Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum Magnesium Levels in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aims: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) affects patients’ quality of life and health. Magnesium (Mg) is an essential mineral and a potent antioxidant. Mg deficiency can worsen oxidative stress caused by sleep deprivation or disorders. The impact of OSA on serum Mg levels and its health consequences remain unclear. Data Synthesis: This study systematically reviewed clinical studies investigating the serum Mg levels of OSA patients and the potential relationships with other biomarkers. Six articles were included for qualitative synthesis and quantitative analysis. Two out of four studies that compared OSA patients to healthy controls found them to have significantly lower serum Mg levels. Our meta-analysis with three studies shows that patients with OSA had significantly lower serum Mg with an effect size of −1.22 (95% CI: −2.24, −0.21). However, the mean serum Mg level of OSA patients (n = 251) pooled from five studies (1.90 mg/dL, 95% CI: 1.77, 2.04) does not differ significantly from the normal range between 1.82 to 2.30 mg/dL. OSA severity appears to affect serum Mg negatively. Serum Mg levels generally improve after treatment, coinciding with the improvement of OSA severity. Low serum Mg levels correlate with the worsening of cardiovascular risk biomarkers of C-reactive protein, ischaemia-modified albumin, and carotid intima-media thickness. The serum Mg levels also potentially correlate with biomarkers for lipid profile, glucose metabolism, calcium, and heavy metals. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation appears to deplete Mg levels of OSA patients, making them at risk of Mg deficiency, which potentially increases systemic inflammation and the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Application of Tactical Approach to Developing Students' Enjoyment and Skills in Playing Football

This study aimed to examine the effect of tactical approach on students‟ enjoyment and skills in playing football. The study used an experimental method with a pre-test post-test control group design. A total of 40 students aged 14-15 years were involved in the study at one of junior high schools in West Bandung Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected using the Pleasure Scale and Game Performance Assessment Instruments (GPAI) which were aimed to measure the level of enjoyment and skills of the students in playing football. The measurement data were analysed using the one-way MANOVA technique. The results of the analysis showed that the F value (df = 37) was 47.57, p value = 0.00. These results indicate that the learning approaches given to students, both tactical and technical approaches, have a significant effect on the enjoyment and skills of playing football in a multivariate manner. While the analysis of the mean comparison between the two groups obtained p value = 0.00. This proves that the tactical approach has a higher and significant effect on the development of enjoyment and football playing skills. The results of the analysis also conclude that the application of tactical approach has a significant effect on the development of students' enjoyment and playing skills.
Pathogenesis and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19

COVID-19 is a viral infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that killed a large number of patients around the world. A hyperinflammatory state resulting in a cytokine storm and adult respiratory distress syndrome seems to be the major cause of the death. Many mechanisms have been suggested in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 associated cytokine storm (COVID-CS). Insufficient viral clearance and persistence of a strong cytokine response despite inadequate antiviral immunity seem to be the main mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on relatively constant clinical symptoms, clinical findings, laboratory tests, and imaging techniques, while the diagnosis of COVID-CS is a rather dynamic process, based on evolving or newly emerging findings during the clinical course. Management of COVID-19 consists of using antiviral agents to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and treating potential complications including the cytokine storm together with general supportive measures. COVID-CS may be treated using appropriate immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs that reduce the level of inappropriate systemic inflammation, which has the potential to cause organ damage. Currently corticosteroids, IL-6 blockers, or IL-1 blockers are most widely used for treating COVID-CS.
Scaling Effect of Self-Supervised Speech Models

The success of modern deep learning systems is built on two cornerstones, massive amount of annotated training data and ad-vanced computational infrastructure to support large-scale com-putation. In recent years, the model size of state-of-the-art deep learning systems has rapidly increased and sometimes reached to billions of parameters. Herein we take a close look into this phenomenon and present an empirical study on the scaling effect of model size for self-supervised speech models. In particular, we investigate the quantitative relationship between the model size and the loss/accuracy performance on speech tasks. First, the power-law scaling property between the number of parameters and the L 1 self-supervised loss is veriﬁed for speech models. Then the advantage of large speech models in learning effective speech representations is demonstrated in two downstream tasks: i) speaker recognition and ii) phoneme classiﬁcation. Moreover, it has been shown that the model size of self-supervised speech networks is able to compensate the lack of annotation when there is insufﬁcient training data.
Fungicides evaluation againts yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) in six barley cultivars

La roya amarilla (RA) en cebada ha incrementado su importancia en los últimos ciclos de producción en México. Durante el ciclo primavera-verano 2018 se evaluó la efectividad biológica de los fungicidas Azoxistrobin 11.1% + Tebuconazole 18.4% y Tebuconazole 25% en las variedades Apizaco, Esmeralda, Maravilla, Doña Josefa, AC Metcalfe y ABI Voyager en el control de RA y su efecto en el rendimiento en tres ambientes de temporal. Las variables medidas fueron: días a espigamiento y madurez, altura de planta, peso hectolítrico, rendimiento de grano, severidad final de la enfermedad y área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad. El análisis de varianza mostró variación significativa para variedades, severidad final de la enfermedad, fungicidas y localidades (p? 0.01). El producto con mayor eficacia fue Azoxistrobin 11.1% + Tebuconazole 18.4%. El mayor rendimiento de grano se registró en Doña Josefa (3,567 kg ha-1) al aplicar Azoxistrobin 11.1% + Tebuconazole 18.4%. Las pérdidas en el rendimiento alcanzaron 53% por efecto de la roya. Con la aplicación de cualquiera de los dos fungicidas evaluados se obtuvo mayor rendimiento y peso hectolítrico del grano; sin embargo, las variedades respondieron de forma diferente a la aplicación de los productos.
Global scientific collaboration: A social network analysis and data mining of the co-authorship networks

Co-authorship networks consist of nodes and numerous links indicating scientific collaboration of researchers. These networks could be studied through social networks analysis and data mining techniques. The focus of the article is twofold: the first objective is the analysis of the co-authorship networks of the top 60 countries that had the highest number of scientific publications in the world, and the second one is the discovery of collaboration patterns of highly cited papers of these countries. To do so, all scientific publications of the top 60 countries in all fields as well as their highly cited papers were included in the study period between 2011 and 2015. The research samples in the first part included 10,460,999 documents and in the second part encompassed 711,025 highly cited papers. Required data were extracted from web of science database. To analyse co-authorship networks, centrality indices and clustering coefficient were used. UCINET, Pajek, VOSviewer and BibExcel software were used to map co-authorship networks of the countries and to calculate indices. Finally, the discovery of collaboration patterns in highly cited papers is studied through association rules. The research data indicated that over 95% of documents has been produced by the top 60 countries. In addition, the USA, Germany, England, France and Spain launched the most co-authorship. Quantitatively, there have been the most powerful collaboration links between China and the USA, the USA and England, the USA and Germany, and the USA and Canada. The clustering data indicated that collaborations of the top countries of the world were in three main clusters. The Friedman test showed that there was a significant difference in the priorities of the countries for collaboration; and the USA, China, England, Germany, France, Japan and Italy are in the top priority for collaboration, respectively. The results of collaboration pattern in highly cited papers indicated that the USA participates in more than half of collaboration patterns for producing highly cited papers.
Recognizing emotions in speech makes you more credulous

ABSTRACT The individual differences determining the ability to detect lies are poorly understood. This study investigated the predictive power of self-monitoring, lexical access, lexico-semantic processes, emotional prosody perception, discourse comprehension, mental imagery and attention on the ability to discriminate lies from truth and on response tendencies in a lie detection task. One hundred and four participants (50% female) were asked to listen to audio-recordings of people describing a relative (50% deceptive) and to judge whether each of them was lying or telling the truth. Participants were also asked to perform several auditory tasks assessing above-mentioned processes and also completed the Self-Monitoring Scale. Multiple regression analyses showed that emotional prosody perception predicted truth bias and that performance in the mental imagery task tended to predict the ability to distinguish truth from lies. These results suggest that competence in emotion recognition leads to label statements as being truthful.
Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Grain yield was greatly increased during the genetic improvement of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in Jiangsu, east China; thus, an improved plant morphology should be expected, considering that plant morphology is a decisive factor determining grain yield. Twelve representative japonica inbred rice released from 1983 to 2013 were grown in the same fields in 2019 and 2020. Grain yield increased (p < 0.01) at 63.3 kg ha−1 year−1 across 2 years among rice cultivars released in different periods. The genetic improvement in grain yield was associated with increased spikelets per panicle. Single panicle weight, number of primary and secondary branches, and number of grains on primary and secondary branches were all increased with a year of release. Generally, the width of top three leaves positively correlated (while angle of top three leaves and light extinction coefficient negatively) correlated (p < 0.01) with year of release. Leaf area per tiller and leaf area index at heading and maturity, specific leaf weight, leaf photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values after heading were all increased linearly with year of release. Plant height exhibited a positive (p < 0.01) trend with year of release, as well as stem weight per tiller and K and Si concentrations of stem. Spikelets per panicle, width of top three leaves, plant height, and leaf area index, and specific leaf weight after heading positively correlated (while angle of top three leaves and light extinction coefficient negatively) correlated (p < 0.01) with grain yield and single panicle weight. Our results suggested that modern japonica inbred rice exhibited expanded sink size by spikelets per panicle, higher leaf area through leaf width, optimized leaf photosynthetic capacity, lower leaf angle and light extinction coefficient, and enhanced stem strength. These improved plant morphologies facilitated yield increases of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in east China.
Magic Number 8: Hospitality Price Ending Strategies

ABSTRACT It is not uncommon to see prices that end with a 9 or 99, be it in a restaurant, grocery store, or clothes store. Yet, this convention in pricing is typically found in the US, and evidence of it in the Asian marketplace remains limited. Given this, the present study pioneers an empirical investigation on price ending strategies in Asian marketplaces, particularly in the hospitality industry. Using automated data extraction, a total of 63,075 room rates were sampled from 21 hotels operating in Macau that were advertised online. The digit 8 is the most frequently used price ending, especially by five-star hotels and upper-scale rooms. Conversely, 4 was not the least frequently used price ending. These findings provide guidance to hospitality pricing managers who are not aware of the local culture and the price-ending dynamics of the Asian marketplace.
Evaluation of Finger Photoplethysmography Fitness Index on Young Women with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

The use of photoplethysmography (PPG) as one of cardiovascular disease (CVD) marker has got more attention due to its simplicity, noninvasive and portable characteristics. Two new markers had been developed from PPG namely PPG fitness index (PPGF) and vascular risk prediction index (VPRI). The aim of the present study was to compare PPGF level between young women with and without CVD risk factors, to investigate the relationship between PPGF with other CVD markers and to assess the sensitivity of VRPI in classifying young women that have CVD risk factors. A total of 148 young women aged 20-40 years old with and without CVD risk factors were involved in this study. CVD risk factors comprised of abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking and family history of premature CVD. Subjects were categorized into healthy or having CVD risk factor. Measurements taken were anthropometric data, blood pressure, lipid profile, pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), PPGF and VRPI. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis with p 0.05). PPGF was independently determined by PWV (β=-0.31, p<0.001) and height (β=0.16, p=0.04). VRPI had 77.9% sensitivity in identifying subjects with CVD risk factor. In conclusion, PPGF correlates with PWV and has potential to be an indicator of aortic stiffness while VRPI is sensitive to classify those with CVD risk factor.
Impact of emotions in social media content diffusion

Emotions present in social media content shape its diffusion. This study seeks to comprehensively examine the impact created by emotions of a social media message on its diffusion. Centered on a non-domain specific Twitter dataset, the authors define several measurement constructs to quantify the tweet diffusion process namely, speed, size, half-life, diffusion potential, and engagement. Since a message may express a single dominant emotion or multiple categories of emotions, the current study focuses to investigate the influence of emotions in the single label as well as multi-label setting. Through extensive statistical analyses (Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Regression), we find that the impact of emotions on diffusion constructs was statistically significant. The findings shed light on how emotions aid or hinder the spread of information through social media. Specifically, the tweets containing joy or contempt as primary emotion attained faster and stronger diffusion. In contrast, anger or fear as primary emotion in tweets contributed to slower and weaker diffusion. Also, the combination of one or more positive and negative emotions increased the diffusion outcome.
Automatic content‐based georeferencing of historical topographic maps

Old maps are more than a cultural artefact: they are data. Data about the past still hold value for science and decision‐making today. Libraries and archives have come a long way in digitising their inventories of thousands, sometimes millions, of historical maps using high‐resolution scanning. Unfortunately, even with digital images the rich spatial and semantic information is inaccessible for people without a strong background in history and cartography. Only with georeferencing can historical maps be used in GIS and thus processed and compared with modern geospatial data. We introduce content‐based image retrieval to automatically localise and georeference map images from topographic map series. We align the maps by extracting a subset of their symbols and cross‐referencing them with online reference data from OpenStreetMap. We demonstrate our method with the Karte des Deutschen Reiches at 1: 100,000 scale, obtaining 96% correct location predictions and a median georeferencing error of 101 m.
Aesthetic experience is influenced by causality in biological movements

Author(s): Chen, Yi-Chia; Pollick, Frank; Lu, Hongjing | Abstract: People watching is a ubiquitous component of human activities. An important aspect of such activities is the aesthetic experience that arises naturally from seeing how elegant people move their bodies in performing different actions. What makes some body movements look better than others? We examined how visual processing contributes to the aesthetics experience from seeing actions, using point-light “creatures” generated by spatially scrambling locations of a point-light walker’s joints. Observers rated how aesthetically pleasing and lifelike each creature looked in a video of the creature moving from left to right. They viewed four kinds of creatures: The joints’ trajectories were either from an upright walker (thus exhibiting gravitational acceleration) or an inverted walker (thus defying gravity) and were either congruent to the direction of global body displacements or incongruent (as in the moonwalk). Observers gave both higher aesthetic and animacy ratings for creatures with upright versus inverted trajectories, and congruent versus incongruent movements. Moreover, after regressing out the influence of animacy, the creatures that move in a natural causal manner (in accordance with gravity and their body displacements) were still preferred. The subtle differences between different kinds of creatures suggest a role of automatic perceptual mechanisms in these preferences. Thus, while our thinking minds may enjoy watching the magical moonwalk, our automatic minds, with a taste for causality, may curtail the impression of its visual beauty.
Understanding post-adoption behaviour in the context of ride-hailing apps: the role of customer perceived value

PurposeDespite the perceived role of customer value in post-adoption behaviour in the context of ride-hailing apps such as Uber, there has been limited research on the subject. This paper seeks to enrich the understanding of the relationships between customer perceived value, particularly hedonic value and economic value, customer satisfaction and continued use intentions of ride-hailing apps.Design/methodology/approachThis analysis is based on field data collected from 567 users of ride-hailing apps in Ghana. Data collected from the survey were analysed using the partial least square (PLS) approach to structural equation modelling (SEM). FindingsThe paper provides evidence that hedonic value, as well as economic value, positively predicts customer satisfaction and continued use intentions of ride-hailing apps. Further analysis reveals customer satisfaction directly predicts continued use intentions in addition to partially mediating the influence of customer perceived value on continued use intentions of ride-hailing apps. Finally, the findings suggest that hedonic value has a stronger impact on continued use intentions than economic value, while economic value has a greater impact on satisfaction than hedonic value.Originality/valueThe study contributes to post-adoption behaviour research by providing evidence on the relationships among the study constructs in a developing country context. Overall, the findings will stimulate future empirical debates on the subject and guide practitioners in decision-making concerning customers' usage of ride-hailing apps.
Polyphenol bioaccessibility and anti-inflammatory activity of Mexican common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with diverse seed colour

ABSTRACT Common bean consumption is associated with the prevention of chronic diseases and these effects are partially attributed to their polyphenol content. In this study, the bioaccessibility and anti-inflammatory activity of polyphenols from six Mexican cultivars of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) varying in their seed colour, was evaluated. In all cultivars, digestion of starch and protein released significantly more polyphenols compared to soaking, cooking and methanol extraction. Pink cultivar ‘Marcela’ showed the highest total and bioaccessible polyphenol content (>50 mg GAE per gram dry bean). Black cultivar ‘Negro Jamapa’ showed a moderate anti-inflammatory effect, reducing mRNA levels of IL6, IL1β and iNOS by up to 20%. In contrast, cultivars ‘Marcela’ and yellow ‘Azufrado’ induced mRNA expression of IL1β, IL6, and HO-1, thus inducing both pro- and anti-oxidation pathways. Results indicate that enzymatic digestion promotes the bioaccessibility of common bean polyphenols and bean cultivars can elicit both anti- and pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages.
Beyond political citizenship: marriage migrant women’s voting practices in South Korea

ABSTRACT This study examined the voting practices of Filipina marriage migrants in South Korea. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 66 women, we examine marriage migrant women’s voting through the lens of cultural and performative citizenship. We focus on the gendered and ethnicized integration of marriage migrants into Korean families and in the larger society and how their marginalised social position shapes the women’s voting practices. We identified three voting patterns – dependent, independent, and transitioned – that vary in their degrees of cultural and performative citizenship. We also unpack the characteristics or factors associated with each voting pattern that facilitated marriage migrants’ ability to engage in performative citizenship; that is, to contest their marginalised status and exercise greater autonomy in their candidate choices. Our findings illustrate how viewing immigrant voting through the perspectives of cultural and performative citizenship provides nuanced insights about the meaning and practice of voting beyond its intrinsic function of political representation.