Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
KleeNet: discovering insidious interaction bugs in wireless sensor networks before deployment

Complex interactions and the distributed nature of wireless sensor networks make automated testing and debugging before deployment a necessity. A main challenge is to detect bugs that occur due to non-deterministic events, such as node reboots or packet duplicates. Often, these events have the potential to drive a sensor network and its applications into corner-case situations, exhibiting bugs that are hard to detect using existing testing and debugging techniques. In this paper, we present KleeNet, a debugging environment that effectively discovers such bugs before deployment. KleeNet executes unmodified sensor network applications on symbolic input and automatically injects non-deterministic failures. As a result, KleeNet generates distributed execution paths at high-coverage, including low-probability corner-case situations. As a case study, we integrated KleeNet into the Contiki OS and show its effectiveness by detecting four insidious bugs in the μIP TCP/IP protocol stack. One of these bugs is critical and lead to refusal of further connections.
End points in pulmonary arterial hypertension: the way forward

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare disease of poor prognosis. Despite its rarity >1,000 patients have been randomised in placebo-controlled trials using novel therapies, including prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists and, most recently, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors. Nearly all of these trials have used exercise capacity, measured by the unencouraged 6‐min walking distance, as the primary end point and a variety of other measurements as secondary end points. This approach has been productive, leading to the licensing of a number of effective treatments. Future clinical trials, however, will probably assess drug combinations, make comparisons between drugs and include less severely ill patients. It is, therefore, timely to examine the end points used. The authors discussed the various end points that have been used in the past and possible end points that might be used in the future. End points considered included measurements of: exercise capacity, haemodynamics, quality of life, imaging of the right heart and circulation, and chemical markers of pulmonary hypertension. Many of these show promise but will have to be used in parallel and compared with conventional end points such as the 6‐min walking distance before their value can be demonstrated convincingly to the regulatory authorities.
In Silico Approach Rendering Berberine as a Potent Anti-Inflammatory Drung

Berberine has gained much attention in recent years owing to its multiple biochemical and pharmacological effects, including anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial activities. The interaction profile of complex obtained on molecular docking using Glide module of Maestro Suite indicates berberine interacts at phenylvaline and valine residues of protein and has hydrophobic, non polar interaction and non-covalent interaction via hydrogen bonding at the mentioned active site residues of protein. The protein-ligand complex stability by performing molecular dynamics simulation run of the complex for 100 ps using MacroModel module of Schrodinger suite showed that the complex is stable with time evolution. The in silico study of protein-berberine complex rendered clear picture of interaction of berberine with the protein. Further detailed study of various derivatives of Berberine with protein might lead to more potent and novel class of PKC inhibitors.
The Risk of Obstructive Lung Disease by Previous Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Country with Intermediate Burden of Tuberculosis

We evaluated the effects of previous pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) on the risk of obstructive lung disease. We analyzed population-based, the Second Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001. Participants underwent chest X-rays (CXR) and spirometry, and qualified radiologists interpreted the presence of TB lesion independently. A total of 3,687 underwent acceptable spirometry and CXR. Two hundreds and ninty four subjects had evidence of previous TB on CXR with no subjects having evidence of active disease. Evidence of previous TB on CXR were independently associated with airflow obstruction (adjusted odds ratios [OR] = 2.56 [95% CI 1.84-3.56]) after adjustment for sex, age and smoking history. Previous TB was still a risk factor (adjusted OR = 3.13 [95% CI 1.86-5.29]) with exclusion of ever smokers or subjects with advanced lesion on CXR. Among never-smokers, the proportion of subjects with previous TB on CXR increased as obstructive lung disease became more severe. Previous TB is an independent risk factor for obstructive lung disease, even if the lesion is minimal and TB can be an important cause of obstructive lung disease in never-smokers. Effort on prevention and control of TB is crucial in reduction of obstructive lung disease, especially in countries with more than intermediate burden of TB.
Incorporating Laboratory Experiments in an Introductory Statistics Course

Laboratory experiments using spectrophotometers and pH meters were incorporated into an undergraduate introductory statistics course in order to create an interdisciplinary approach of teaching statistics to non-statistics majors. By conducting laboratory experiments commonly associated with science-based curricula, students were exposed to the relationship between science and statistics through experimental design and data analysis. The laboratory experiments used in the course are related to fields such as chemistry, biology, and environmental sciences and are described in this article. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher's website.
Cluster Based Partition for Multi-dimensional Range Query in DAS Model

Database-as-a-Service (DAS) is an emerging database management paradigm wherein querying on encrypted data directly is a performance critical problem, to which partition based index is an effective solution. For multi-dimensional range query, generating partition on each dimension would increase information leakage to a large extent, while previous multi-dimensional partition would cause large efficiency loss, especially when the data distribution is sparse. To achieve guaranteed security with much less efficiency loss, in this paper we propose cluster based multi-dimensional partition (CBMP). First, CBMP decompose the whole space into clusters, which only cover non-empty area. To get better clustering effect, a new cluster criteria based on full neighbor is proposed. Second, since optimal secure partition is NP-hard, several heuristic based algorithms including distance based and Hilbert based are proposed. Experiments on real dataset and synthetic dataset show that distance based algorithm could achieve approximately least efficiency loss.
Unified Transport Engine: Learning to Predict Traffic Congestions

We present the framework for an unified transport engine that allows for streamlining wide variety of data sources and designed to support different elements required for seamless transport ranging from speed profiles, congestion, estimated time, features required for routing, and so on. In this paper, we specifically dig into the problem of real time traffic congestion estimation using imagery collected from standard mobile phones. We discuss how we can quickly build highly accurate detectors using transfer learning. Examples and edge cases that worked well as well are challenges for our system​ ​are​ ​presented.
Ecological Diversity: Measuring the Unmeasurable

Diversity is a concept central to ecology, and its measurement is essential for any study of ecosystem health. But summarizing this complex and multidimensional concept in a single measure is problematic. Dozens of mathematical indices have been proposed for this purpose, but these can provide contradictory results leading to misleading or incorrect conclusions about a community’s diversity. In this review, we summarize the key conceptual issues underlying the measurement of ecological diversity, survey the indices most commonly used in ecology, and discuss their relative suitability. We advocate for indices that: (i) satisfy key mathematical axioms; (ii) can be expressed as so-called effective numbers; (iii) can be extended to account for disparity between types; (iv) can be parameterized to obtain diversity profiles; and (v) for which an estimator (preferably unbiased) can be found so that the index is useful for practical applications.
Supporting models to transition breast cancer survivors to primary care: formative evaluation of a cancer care Ontario initiative.

PURPOSE Many breast cancer (BC) survivors continue to be seen by specialists for routine follow-up care despite growing evidence that transitioning appropriate BC survivors to primary care is safe and effective. We describe the formative evaluation of an initiative involving the development and implementation of sustainable models of follow-up care for BC survivors across 14 Regional Cancer Centers (RCC) in Ontario, Canada. METHODS After extensive consultation, each RCC received catalyst funding for the initiative. Detailed work plans were developed locally and submitted to Cancer Care Ontario. Each region had a designated lead and support from primary care. Funding could be used to develop any aspect of the model. Formative evaluation of each model was conducted with descriptive analysis of the model created, including summative description of how resources were used, the number of survivors transitioned, and preliminary results from patient surveys of experience at transition. RESULTS Each region developed a unique model that included clearly identified structures and processes of care. All regions used survivorship care plans and patient education materials. Three main models of follow-up care were developed: (1) direct to primary care, (2) transition clinic, and (3) shared care. A total of 3,418 BC survivors transitioned between March 2012 and September 2013. Patient experience surveys were distributed by 12 regions, gathering responses from 752 BC survivors, with 85% reporting that they felt adequately prepared for the transition. CONCLUSION Using the approach described, wide-scale transition of appropriate BC survivors from oncology-led practice is feasible over a fairly short timeframe.
A Corpus Based SQL Formation From Bangla Language Using Neural Machine Translation

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a field of study that focuses on enabling computers to process, understand, and generate human language. With the rapid growth of digital data, NLP has become increasingly important in recent years. One of the subfields of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is Neural Machine Translation (NMT) which deals with the automatic translation of one language into another using artificial neural networks. One of the main advantages of NMT is that it can capture the context of a sentence better than traditional Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) systems. These advancements in Natural Language Processing enables us to form SQL query from natural language query. Although work is present in the English Language, no research has been conducted to generate SQL queries from the Bangla language. To fill the gap, our work provides guidelines and steps to generate SQL queries from the transliterated version of the Bangla language. Considering one scenario of the hospital database, 2844 text queries and relevant SQL queries were formed to train the NMT model. The highest accuracy achieved to predict the SQL query from the model was 99.85 percent.
Event-based 64-channel binaural silicon cochlea with Q enhancement mechanisms

This paper describes an event-based binaural silicon cochlea aimed at spatial audition and auditory scene analysis. The chip has a matched pair of 64-stage cascaded analog second-order filter banks with 512 pulse-frequency modulated (PFM) address-event representation (AER) outputs. The spectral selectivity is sharpened through 2 different on-chip methods: an on-chip local Q DAC and an on-chip spatial sharpening through nearest neighbour lateral inhibition. The fabricated chip in a 4-metal 2-poly 0.35um CMOS process consumes peak 25mW power for the digital circuits and 33mW for the analog core. Dynamic range to produce PFM output is 36dB (25mVpp to 1500mVpp at microphone preamp output). Event timing jitter is 2us for 250mVpp input. The peak output bandwidth is 10M events per second (eps) but typical speech scenarios show rates of 20keps.
Predicting Music Sentiment: A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models Before and After Feature Selection

This study delves into the intersection of music and machine learning, examining the performance of five algorithms—Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and K-Nearest Neighbours—in sentiment analysis for music. The goal is to systematically evaluate their effectiveness in decoding and classifying the emotional content of musical compositions. The selected algorithms represent diverse computational approaches, contributing to the overarching objective of understanding the intricate emotional landscape of music. A crucial aspect of this comparative analysis involves assessing the accuracy of these machine learning models, both before and after applying feature selection techniques. This step proves critical in enhancing the predictive capabilities of the models. The observed accuracy levels exhibit a dynamic range from 57% to 67%, unveiling subtle yet noteworthy performance variations among the chosen algorithms.
A decade of integration and collaboration: the development of integrated health care in Sweden 2000–2010

Introduction The recent history of integrated health care in Sweden is explored in this article, focusing on the first decade of the 2000s. In addition, there are some reflections about successes and setbacks in this development and challenges for the next decade. Description of policy and practice The first efforts to integrate health care in Sweden appeared in the beginning of the 1990s. The focus was on integration of intra-organisational processes, aiming at a more cost-effective health care provision. Partly as a reaction to the increasing economism at that time, there was also a growing interest in quality improvement. Out of this work emerged the ‘chains of care’, integrating all health care providers involved in the care of specific patient groups. During the 2000s, many county councils have also introduced inter-organisational systems of ‘local health care’. There has also been increasing collaboration between health professionals and other professional groups in different health and welfare services. Discussion and conclusion Local health care meant that the chains of care and other forms of integration and collaboration became embedded in a more integrative context. At the same time, however, policy makers have promoted free patient choice in primary health care and also mergers of hospitals and clinical departments. These policies tend to fragment the provision of health care and have an adverse effect on the development of integrated care. As a counterbalance, more efforts should be put into evaluation of integrated health care, in order to replace political convictions with evidence concerning the benefits of such health care provision.
High Accuracy Homography Computation without Iterations

We present highly accurate least-squares (LS) alternatives to the theoretically optimal maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for homographies between two images. Unlike ML, our estimators are non-iterative and yield solutions even in the presence of large noise. By rigorous error analysis, we derive a “hyperaccurate” estimator which is unbiased up to second order noise terms. Then, we introduce a computational simplification, which we call “Taubin approximation”, without incurring a loss in accuracy. We experimentally demonstrate that our estimators have accuracy surpassing the traditional LS estimator and comparable to the ML estimator.
Construction and clinical significance of a predictive system for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIM The aims of this study were to explore individualized treatment method for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients whose maximum tumor size was less than 5 cm to improve prognosis and survival quality. METHODS Thirty cases of primary HCC patients undergoing tumor resection were retrospectively analyzed (resection group). All the tumors were proved as primary HCC with pathologic examination. The patients were divided into two groups according to follow-up results: group A, with tumor recurrence within 1 year after resection; group B, without tumor recurrence within 1 year. Immunohistochemical stainings were performed using 11 kinds of monoclonal antibodies (AFP, c-erbB2, c-met, c-myc, HBsAg, HCV, Ki-67, MMP-2, nm23-H1, P53, and VEGF), and expressing intensities were quantitatively analyzed. Regression equation using factors affecting prognosis of HCC was constructed with binary logistic method. HCC patients undergoing percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) were also retrospectively analyzed (PMCT group). Immunohistochemical stainings of tumor biopsy samples were performed with molecules related to HCC prognosis, staining intensities were quantitatively analyzed, coincidence rate of prediction was calculated. RESULTS In resection group, the expressing intensities of c-myc, Ki-67, MMP-2 and VEGF in cancer tissue in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (t = 2.97, P = 0.01; t = 2.42, P = 0.03<0.05; t = 2.57, P = 0.02<0.05; t = 3.43, P = 0.004<0.01, respectively); the expressing intensities of 11 kinds of detected molecules in para-cancer tissue in groups A and B were not significantly different (P>0.05). The regression equation predicting prognosis of HCC is as follows: P(1) = 1/[1+e(-(3.663-0.412mycc-2.187Ki-67c-0.397vegfc))]. It demonstrates that prognosis of HCC in resection group was related with c-myc, Ki-67 and VEGF expressing intensity in cancer tissue. In PMCT group, the expressing intensities of c-myc, Ki-67 and VEGF in cancer tissue in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (t = 4.57, P = 0.000<0.01; t = 2.08, P = 0.04<0.05; t = 2.38, P = 0.02<0.05, respectively); the expressing intensities of c-myc, Ki-67 and VEGF in para-cancer tissue in groups A and B were not significantly different (P>0.05). The coincidence rate of patients undergoing PMCT in group A was 88.00% (22/25), in group B 68.75% (11/16), the total coincidence rate was 80.49% (33/41). CONCLUSION The regression equation is accurate and feasible and could be used for predicting prognosis of HCC, it helps to select treatment method (resection or PMCT) for HCC patients to realize individualized treatment to improve prognosis.
Correction: Cecotti, H. and Rivet, B. Subject Combination and Electrode Selection in Cooperative Brain-Computer Interface Based on Event Related Potentials. Brain Sci. 2014, 4, 335–355

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper (Cecotti, H.; Rivet, B. Subject Combination and Electrode Selection in Cooperative Brain-Computer Interface Based on Event Related Potentials. Brain Sci. 2014, 4, 335–355): Due to an internal error, the reference numbers in the original published paper were not shown, and the error was not due to the authors. The former main text should be replaced as below.
Evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate as root canal sealer: A clinical study

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcome of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or epoxy resin as a root canal sealer compared with zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Materials and Methods: 45 single rooted teeth with periapical index Score 2 or more were allotted to three groups with 15 teeth in each group. Root canal treatment was performed in two visits and obturated with Gutta-percha as obturating material and zinc oxide eugenol as sealer in Group 1, epoxy resin as sealer in Group 2 and MTA mixed with propylene glycol as sealer in Group 3. Visual analog scale, periapical index and VixWin digital Pro image analysis software were used for evaluation. The quantitative data was analyzed by t-test and analysis of variance. Ordinal data was analyzed by Wilcoxon's signed rank test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis test. Results: Results suggested that there exists no statistically significant difference in clinical or radiological outcome of root canal therapy with three different types of sealers used in this study. Conclusions: MTA could be used as a root canal sealer with equal effectiveness compared with epoxy resin and zinc oxide eugenol sealers. Further long-term studies should be carried out to prove the effectiveness.
Effect of Multiple Firing Cycles and Temperatures on Mechanical Properties of Lithium Silicate

Aim: This study was designed to assess the effect of multiple firing cycles with different firing temperatures on the Flexural strength and Micro shear bond strength of the lithium silicate. Materials and methods: Specimens of Lithium Silicate (obsidian) were divided into 2 groups according to the tests done. The first group, Obsidian blocks were sectioned into 36 bar-shaped samples for the three-point bending test, according to ISO 6872 standard. While the second group, the blocks were used to prepare 32 slices for measuring microshear bond strength. Each group was then divided into four subgroups according to the number of the firing cycles which were 1, 2, 3 and 5 firing cycles respectively. The flexural strength and microshear bond strength were measured separately. Results: For the first group, the highest flexural strength value was found in control samples, while the lowest value was found in 3 cycles’ samples. As for the second group, the highest micro shear bond strength value was found in samples subjected to 3 cycles, while the lowest value was found in 2 cycles’ samples. This shows that there was no significant difference between values of each group. Conclusion: Obsidian can be fired up to 5 firing cycles with no adverse effect on bond strength or flexural strength.
A Data Set for Social Diversity Studies of GitHub Teams

Like any other team oriented activity, the software development process is effected by social diversity in the programmer teams. The effect of team diversity can be significant, but also complex, especially in decentralized teams. Discerning the precise contribution of diversity on teams' effectiveness requires quantitative studies of large data sets. Here we present for the first time a large data set of social diversity attributes of programmers in GitHub teams. Using alias resolution, location data, and gender inference techniques, we collected a team social diversity data set of 23,493 GitHub projects. We illustrate how the data set can be used in practice with a series of case studies, and we hope its availability will foster more interest in studying diversity issues in software teams.