Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Channel Median Line–based Method for Detecting Spatiotemporal Change of Intertidal Shoals from TM Images: An Example from the Yellow Sea, East China

Abstract Detecting the morphologic change of intertidal shoals from satellite images is severely hampered by the requirement that they be acquired at the same tidal height. This limitation is circumvented with a new detection method proposed in this paper. It is based on the median line of tidal channels from which the stability of adjoining intertidal shoals is inferred. This method was applied to detect the changes of intertidal shoals in the vicinity of Jiangang Town in Jiangsu Province of East China from seven Thematic Mapper images recorded between 1988 and 2003. The delineated median lines of three tidal channels from the seven images were overlaid with each other in MapInfo. It is found that the net positional change of a channel varies with its section. The closer a section is to the shore, the larger change it underwent. On average, the magnitude of change in a section ranges from 25 to 134 m per annum. Temporarily, all three channels experienced more changes in early than in recent years of the study. The intertidal shoals have shifted their boundaries at a rate of about 110–150 m per annum, which would decrease further offshore. It is concluded that the intertidal shoals have shown some degree of stability over the study period.
THE ALFRED LEEDS FOSSIL VERTEBRATE COLLECTION OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF IRELAND—NATURAL HISTORY

Abstract:Alfred Nicholson Leeds (1847—1917) is famous among vertebrate palaeontologists for amassing an invaluable collection of fossil vertebrates from the Middle Jurassic aged 'Oxford Clay' deposits of the Peterborough district in the UK, throughout the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Part of his collection was acquired by the National Museum of Ireland—Natural History in November 1893 but has not previously been described. This fossil material includes a suite of Jurassic marine reptiles: crocodiles, plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs. There are no examples, however, of the giant fish Leedsichthys; the remains of which are commonly found among the fauna of the Oxford Clay Formation. Despite representing only a very small fraction of the total Leeds Collection, the specimens in Ireland are significant historically, and have scientific value in their own right. For the first time, in this paper, a historical review of the Dublin Leeds Collection is presented, the fossil specimens described and a long-lost piece of important documentation is presented.
Record for Rodinia supercontinent breakup event in the south Sulu ultra-high pressure metamorphic terrane.

The protoliths for different types of UHP metamorphic rocks - eclogite, garnet amphibolite, paragneiss and orthogneiss in the south Sulu UHP metamorphic terrane formed under the extensional environment at the passive continental margin composed of continental basaltic rocks, supercruct rocks and granites. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating for the south Sulu UHP metamorphic rocks in the CCSD-MH shows 780 - 680Ma ages for the protoliths of granitic gneiss, 765 - 730Ma ages for protoliths of eclogite and garnet amphibolite; as well as 730Ma, 680Ma, 621Ma, and even yonger ages for inherited detrital zircons and magmatic zircons of paragneiss. Aboved-mentioned dating combined with previous data shows that the protoliths of the south Sulu UHP metamorphic rocks had been inferenced by Neoprotorozoic Rodinia supercontinent breakup event represented by granitic and basic magmatisms. The supercruct protolith of paragneiss as volcano-sedimental covers of the Yangtze passive continental margin formed during Neoprotorozoic-Paleozoic. Both of them had experienced UHP metamorphism during 240 - 220Ma.
Electroconvulsive Therapy: Issues for Mental Health Nurses to Consider

This column emerges from an awareness that many mental health nurses are involved with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) directly, or indirectly, with patients who have experienced ECT recently or in the past. From the nursing literature it is unclear how well informed RNs are about the advantages and disadvantages—from patients’ perspectives—of undergoing ECT in comparison to other options. Rationales for ECT, effectiveness evidence, limitations of that evidence, memory impairment—recent research and patient concerns, and the roles of RNs before and after treatment are set out below. The most common psychiatric condition for which ECT is prescribed is acute, severe, depressive illness and it is a wellestablished and effective treatment (Gregory-Roberts, Naismith, Cullen, & Hickie, 2010; Meeter, Murre, Janssen, Birkenhager, & van den Broek, 2011; National Institute for Clincial Excellence [NICE], 2003; Nordenskjold, von Knorring, & Engstrom, 2011). Many clinicians consider that patients with a schizophrenia diagnosis, especially those who are “treatment resistant,” acutely psychotic, or with catatonic or depressive features may benefit from ECT, although the empirical evidence is scant (Lamont,
Asymmetry in Metacarpal Cortical Bone in a Collection of British Post-Mediaeval Human Skeletons

Abstract Bilateral asymmetry in measures of metacarpal cortical bone, particularly second moments of area, in a group of 18th–19th century ad skeletons was investigated. The aim was to study variation in bilateral asymmetry with respect to sex and occupation. The skeletal material came from the crypt at Christ Church Spitalfields, London. The study sample comprised individuals with personal identifications from coffin plates. For a subset of the males, occupation was known from documentary sources. Results showed that bilateral asymmetry in second moment of area varied, to a limited extent, with occupation. Sex differences in bilateral asymmetry were also found.
Conceptual Change in Life Sciences Learning: The Impact of Teaching Tools on Knowledge Representation

This article explores the impact of tool-method combinations on conceptual changes, comparing the use of interactive whiteboards (TFM-IWBs) and traditional blackboards (TFM-TBBs). These combinations are integrated with traditional teaching methods (TFM) for educational purposes, focusing on natural science topics in Grade 9. The study analyzes specific changes in knowledge representation using qualitative approaches and a quasi-experimental design. The results show student knowledge structure variations depending on the tool-method combination used. The TFM-TBB combination primarily affects declarative knowledge, while TFM-IWB more significantly influences procedural and conditional knowledge. Hence, there is an impact of tool-method combinations on conceptual changes. This research recommends further investigating how different tool-method combinations affect learning outcomes across various subjects and educational levels.
Isotope and noble gas study of three aquifers in central and southeast Libya

ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . vi DEDICATION . vii LIST OF TABLES . xi LIST OF FIGURES . xii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Study Area . 4 1.3 The Objectives. 8 1.4 Climate . 10 1.5 Previous Studies . 10 CHAPTER TWO GEOLOGIC SETTING . 16 2.1 Structural Geology . 16 2.1.1 Al Kufra Basin . 16 2.1.2 Sirt Basin . 18 2.2 Stratigraphy and Depositional History . 21 2.2.1 Al Kufra Basin . 21 2.2.2 Sirt Basin . 22 CHAPTER THREE HYDROGEOLOGIC SETTING . 30 3.1 Sarir Wellfied . 30 3.2 Al Kufra Wellfield . 35 3.3 Tazerbo Wellfield . 40 3.4 Recharge Area . 43 CHAPTER FOUR SAMPLE COLLECTION AND METHODS . 45 4.1 Data Collection . 45 4.2 Stable Isotopes. 47 4.3 Radioactive Carbon Isotopes . 47
Quarantine: Mitigating Transient Execution Attacks with Physical Domain Isolation

Since the Spectre and Meltdown disclosure in 2018, the list of new transient execution vulnerabilities that abuse the shared nature of microarchitectural resources on CPU cores has been growing rapidly. In response, vendors keep deploying “spot” (per-variant) mitigations, which have become increasingly costly when combined against all the attacks—especially on older-generation processors. Indeed, some are so expensive that system administrators may not deploy them at all. Worse still, spot mitigations can only address known (N-day) attacks as they do not tackle the underlying problem: different security domains that run simultaneously on the same physical CPU cores and share their microarchitectural resources. In this paper, we propose Quarantine, a principled, software-only approach to mitigate transient execution attacks by eliminating sharing of microarchitectural resources. Quarantine decouples privileged and unprivileged execution and physically isolates different security domains on different CPU cores. We apply Quarantine to the Linux/KVM boundary and show it offers the system and its users blanket protection against malicous VMs and (unikernel) applications. Quarantine mitigates 24 out of the 27 known transient execution attacks on Intel CPUs and provides strong security guarantees against future attacks. On LMbench, Quarantine incurs a geomean overhead of 11.2%, much lower than the default configuration of spot mitigations on Linux distros such as Ubuntu (even though the spot mitigations offer only partial protection).
The Impacts of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change on Tropospheric Temperatures at Global and Regional Scales

AbstractThe impacts of land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) on tropospheric temperatures are investigated in this study using the fully coupled Community Earth System Model. Two simulations are performed using potential and current vegetation cover. The results show that LULCC can induce detectable changes in the tropospheric air temperature. Although the influence of LULCC on tropospheric temperature is weak, a significant influence can still be found below 300 hPa in summer over land. Compared to the global-mean temperature change, LULCC-induced changes in the regional-mean air temperature can be 2–3 times larger in the middle–upper troposphere and approximately 8 times larger in the lower troposphere. In East Asia and South Asia, LULCC is shown to produce significant decreases (0.2° to 0.4°C) in air temperature in the middle–upper troposphere in spring and autumn due to the largest decrease in the latent heat release from precipitation. In Europe and North America, the most significant tropospheric c.
Perception-motivated interpolation of image sequences

We present a method for image interpolation that is able to create high-quality, perceptually convincing transitions between recorded images. By implementing concepts derived from human vision, the problem of a physically correct image interpolation is relaxed to that of image interpolation which is perceived as visually correct by human observers. We find that it suffices to focus on exact edge correspondences, homogeneous regions and coherent motion to compute convincing results. A user study confirms the visual quality of the proposed image interpolation approach. We show how each aspect of our approach increases perceived quality of the result. We compare the results to other methods and assess achievable quality for different types of scenes.
Analysis of the Characteristics and Mechanisms of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation in a Suite of Coupled Models from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

AbstractNorth Pacific decadal oceanic and atmospheric variability is examined in a suite of coupled climate models developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The models have ocean horizontal resolutions ranging from 1° to 0.1° and atmospheric horizontal resolutions ranging from 200 to 50 km. In all simulations the dominant pattern of decadal-scale sea surface temperature (SST) variability over the North Pacific is similar to the observed Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO). Simulated SST anomalies in the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension (KOE) region exhibit a significant spectral peak at approximately 20 yr.Sensitivity experiments are used to show that (i) the simulated PDO mechanism involves extratropical air–sea interaction and oceanic Rossby wave propagation; (ii) the oscillation can exist independent of interactions with the tropics, but such interactions can enhance the PDO; and (iii) ocean–atmosphere feedback in the extratropics is critical for establishing the approximately 20-yr time s.
Convergence and intonation: historical evidence from

In this paper we present experimental evidence showing that Buenos Aires Spanish differs from other Spanish varieties in the realization of pre-nuclear pitch accents and in the final fall in broad focus declarative utterances. Whereas other Spanish varieties have been described consistently as showing late peak alignments, Buenos Aires Spanish displays early peak alignments. The alignment pattern found in Buenos Aires broad focus declarative utterances is not totally foreign to Spanish: it is attested in a quite different function, i.e. to signal contrastive focus. In addition, Buenos Aires Spanish also seems to differ from other Spanish varieties in the realization of the intonation contour in utterance-final intonational phrases, where a pronounced tendency for down-stepped peaks is observed. We argue that these patterns, which emerged at the turn of the twentieth century, and coincided with the peak of Italian immigration, are due to a combination of direct and indirect transfer from Italian. As a result, two intonational systems that were typologically similar before contact took place (Hualde, 2002) became more similar after contact, in what can be interpreted as a case of convergence.
Analyses of calculation methods for determination of rain erosivity for Slovak Republic

On the basis of provided data from Slovak Hydrometeorlogical Institute were realized the calculation of rain factor for each rain-guage stations. Because provided data were in digital form, we proceeded to digital processing in graphical environment of Microsoft Excel i.e. each minutes of chosen rain were considered for separate rain division. Calculated data were compared with published values of Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute (SSCRI) and also with Methodology for implementation of research results into agricultural practise. From calculated values were created also the lines of exceedance of probability, which give detail information about occurrence of calculated values of rain factor once per 100, 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1 year. Also there were compared the different methodologies of rain factor calculation and kinetic energy of rain and their influence on final values. From calculated values there were found out that on all examined localities are our calculated values several times higher than in listed publications. These differences can be caused by different methods of data processing but also by number of processed years, because values of rain factor in listed publication were calculated for lower number of years. According to calculated values were created the redistribution of rain factor values on particular months of vegetation periods and it was found out that the highest percentage fall on summer months (June, July, August) and on the other hand, the lowest percentage, on the months April and October, therefore it is necessary to attach importance on soil erosion control especially in summer months. Comparison of different methods of data processing (digital vs. graphical) showed up, that differences in final values of rain factor by using of different methods of data processing are minimal, therefore it can be assumed that used methodology is right. Relations for kinetic energy calculation and different methodologies also significantly influenced final values of rain factor. Calculation of rain according different authors showed up that using relation for kinetic energy designed by Marshall, were obtained lower values, which influenced the final value of rain factor i.e. its final values was more closer to puISSN 1644-0765 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.15576/ASP.FC/2015.14. 4.5 www.acta.media.pl
Funções de pedotransferência para retenção de água e condutividade hidráulica em solo submetido a subsolagem - DOI:10.5039/agraria.v9i4a3732

This experiment aimed to develop pedotransfer functions, based on soil physical-hydric attributes, to estimate the water retention and hydraulic conductivity. The experiment was carried out in area with a Conilon ( Coffea canephora Pierre) coffee crop irrigated and subjected to subsoiling in the row of planting. Undeformed samples were collected on the row (P1) and inter row (P2) of the crop from the layer 0 to 0.80 m, to determine the water retention curve in the soil, and soil conductivity by using Guelph permeameter. The pedotransfer functions showed underestimates for the potentials 0, -500 and -1500 kPa and -6, -10, -33 and -100 kPa, respectively in P1 and P2. In P2 the average relative error for the potential percentage was 8.42%, which is higher than the P1 (4.87%), resulting in higher error in the estimates of height of water stored in the soil. The water retention curve for the subsoiling soil may be estimated with error less than 5%, by clay, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity and soil density attributes, and the hydraulic conductivity by soil clay fraction. For non-subsoiling soil, the retention curve may be estimated with error less than 9%, by the total pore volume and macro and micropores and the hydraulic conductivity by the coarse sand fraction.
THE LARGE THEROPOD FAUNA OF THE LOURINHÃ FORMATION (PORTUGAL) AND ITS SIMILARITY TO THE MORRISON FORMATION, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF ALLOSAURUS

Late Jurassic theropod dinosaurs have been known in Portugal since 1863 but only now are they being fully understood, with the recognition of genera such as Allosaurus, Aviatyrannis, Ceratosaurus, Lourinhanosaurus, and Torvosaurus from the Lourinha and Alcobaca Formations (Kimmeridgian/Tithonian). Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus can now be reported from Portugal. It represents the only occurrence of this species outside the Morrison Formation. New cranial elements confirm the presence of Torvosaurus tanneri, in Portugal. Torvosaurus was the largest Late Jurassic land carnivore. New postcranial and cranial elements allow the erection of a new species from Portugal, Allosaurus europaeus n.sp. The theropod assemblage of Portugal is similar to that of the Morrison Formation Resumo—Sao conhecidos dinossauros teropodes em Portugal desde 1863, mas so agora comecam a ser melhor conhecidos, atraves do reconhecimento de generos como Ceratosaurus, Lourinhanosaurus, Torvosaurus, Allosaurus e Aviatyrannis das Formacoes da Lourinha e Alcobaca (Kimmeridgiano/Titoniano). E dado a conhecer para Portugal a presenca de Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus, a unica ocorrencia conhecida fora da Formacao de Morrison. Novos elementos cranianos confirmam a presenca de Torvosaurus tanneri, o maior carnivoro terrestre do Jurassico superior. Novos elementos cranianos e pos-cranianos permitem caracterizar uma nova especie, Allosaurus europaeus n.sp. A fauna de teropodes de Portugal e muito semelhante a da Formacao de Morrison.
Journal of Alpine Research | Revue de géographie alpine, 103-2 | 2015

Under the effects of climate change, Alpine mountainous regions are undergoing fast and wellperceptible evolutions, which are attracting the growing attention of people, scientists and managers. To cope better with the hazards and vulnerabilities specific to these territories, the current national and European public policies in the Alpine countries now prescribe adapting natural hazard prevention to climate change. This paper provides a review of recent advances in knowledge on the perceived, measured and projected changes in i) climate patterns, ii) the cryosphere, hydrosystems and geomorphological dynamics on Alpine slopes, and iii) natural hazard evolution and induced risks at the scale of the French Alps. We give a brief overview of Climate change and natural hazards in the Alps Journal of Alpine Research | Revue de géographie alpine, 103-2 | 2015 37
Households' response to groundwater quality degradation. Results from a household survey in Quebec.

The research reported in this paper looks into Quebec households’ response to groundwater quality degradation in terms of both the averting activities they undertake and the intensity of the costs they incur as a result. Of all the households suffering from water quality degradation problems, those facing water-related nuisances (odor, staining problems, and bad taste) are less inclined to take averting actions, and on average, they spend less to solve these problems than those suffering from water pollution by bacteria and minerals. Those on municipal water supply systems also tend to spend less on avoidance actions. Factors that determine households’ averting behavior are their geographic location, their closeness to farming activities, the environmental orientation of the head of the household and the presence of children under 18 years of age. The intensity of averting costs is influenced by the geographic location, the source of drinking water, the income, the educational attainment and the age of the head of the household as well as the number of children under 18 years of age.
MicroRNA193a: An Emerging Mediator of Glomerular Diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs that regulate the protein expression of coding messenger RNAs. They are used as biomarkers to aid in diagnosing, prognosticating, and surveillance of diseases, especially solid cancers. MiR-193a was shown to be directly pathogenic in an experimental mouse model of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) during the last decade. Its specific binding and downregulation of Wilm’s tumor-1 (WT-1), a transcription factor regulating podocyte phenotype, is documented. Also, miR-193a is a regulator switch causing the transdifferentiation of glomerular parietal epithelial cells to a podocyte phenotype in in vitro study. Interaction between miR-193a and apolipoprotein 1 (APOL1) mRNA in glomeruli (filtration units of kidneys) is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of common glomerular diseases. Since the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in the role of miR-193a in glomerular diseases, including diabetic nephropathy and membranous nephropathy, besides FSGS. Considering the lack of biomarkers to manage FSGS and diabetic nephropathy clinically, it is worthwhile to invest in evaluating miR-193a in the pathogenesis of these diseases. What causes the upregulation of miR-193a in FSGS and how the mechanism is different in different glomerular disorders still need to be elucidated. This narrative review highlights the pathogenic mechanisms of miR-193a elevation in various glomerular diseases and its potential use in clinical management.