Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Body Weight, Body Dimension, and Carcass Traits in Four Egyptian Chickens Strains

Body weight and carcass traits are important traits in the poultry industry. Breeding programs are powerful strategies to improve these economic traits. The challenge, however, is to choose an appropriate strategy to increase production. The estimation of genetic parameters in target strains could provide valuable information to determine the potent breeding strategy. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess the heritability and the genetic correlations of the Body Weight (BW), Body Dimensions (BD), and Carcass Traits (CT) in four Egyptian strains (Matrouh, Mandarah, Inshas, and Silver Montazah) of dual-purpose chickens. The BW was measured at hatching (BW0), 8 weeks (BW8), and 16 weeks (BW16) of age, and weight gain was calculated from 8 to 16 weeks of age. The BD traits included shank length (SL), keel length (KL), and Body Circumference (BC). Carcass, liver, gizzard, heart, head, and leg percentages were also determined. Data were collected on 2800 dual-purpose chickens with pedigree information. A Multitrait animal model with a restricted maximum likelihood procedure was applied to estimate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations for BW, BD, and CT using Wombat software. Heritability estimates for BW traits were between 0.24 and 0.41 for BW0 and BW8, respectively. Heritability estimates of SL, KL, and BC were 0.49, 0.41, and 0.52, respectively. The heritability estimates for CT were low to moderate, ranging from 0.15 to 0.37 for head and gizzard percentage, respectively. The least-square means for BW, BD, and CT varied significantly between strains. The genetic correlation estimates among BW and BD traits indicated a close genetic relationship between these traits. Positive genetic correlations were found between BW and BD with CT (from 0.12 to 0.78). Based on the present results, there were strong positive genetic correlations between all traits, including BW and BD as the most important ones. Therefore, the selection for these traits would improve the carcass traits in the four strains of chickens. Hence, the inclusion of BW and BD as selection criteria in breeding programs would potently affect the improvement in carcass performance, which might positively increase the production profit of such strains.
Online Build-Order Optimization for Real-Time Strategy Agents using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms

Abstract : The investigation introduces a novel approach for online build-order optimization in real-time strategy (RTS) games. The goal of our research is to develop an arti cial intelligence (AI) RTS planning agent for military critical decision- making education with the ability to perform at an expert human level, as well as to assess a players critical decision- making ability or skill-level. Build-order optimization is modeled as a multi-objective problem (MOP), and solutions are generated utilizing a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) that provides a set of good build-orders to a RTS planning agent. We de ne three research objectives: (1) Design, implement and validate a capability to determine the skill-level of a RTS player. (2) Design, implement and validate a strategic planning tool that produces near expert level build-orders which are an ordered sequence of actions a player can issue to achieve a goal, and (3) Integrate the strategic planning tool into our existing RTS agent framework and an RTS game engine. The skill-level metric we selected provides an original and needed method of evaluating a RTS players skill-level during game play. This metric is a high-level description of how quickly a player executes a strategy versus known players executing the same strategy. Our strategic planning tool combines a game simulator and an MOEA to produce a set of diverse and good build-orders for an RTS agent. Through the integration of case-base reasoning (CBR), planning goals are derived and expert build- orders are injected into a MOEA population. The MOEA then produces a diverse and approximate Pareto front that is integrated into our AI RTS agent framework. Thus, the planning tool provides an innovative online approach for strategic planning in RTS games. Experimentation via the Spring Engine Balanced Annihilation game reveals that the strategic planner is able to discover build-orders that are better than an expert scripted agent and thus ac
Clinicopathological and prognostic involvements of MCT1, MCT4 and IL7R in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BackgroundMCTs, short for monocarboxylate transporters, especially MCT1 and MCT4, have been widely touched upon in a variety of immune and cancer cells; however, they have been rarely described in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). IL7R, receptor of interleukin 7, has been shown to operate in several cancers; though, the clinicopathological implication of IL7R expression in ESCC remains less known. MethodsHerein, to understand the clinicopathological involvements of MCT1, MCT4 and IL7R expression in ESCC, immunohistochemistry was performed with ESCC tissue microarray comprising 86 paired ESCC and its matched normal control dots. Subsequently, statistical analyses ensued. ResultsIt was shown that concomitant expression of MCT1, MCT4 and IL7R prevailed in the stromal compartment of ESCC tissues relative to the epithelial. Moreover, up-regulated MCT1 and MCT4 were markedly associated with tumor size; while IL7R was displayed to closely correlate with lymph node metastases and clinical stage. Elevated MCT1, MCT4 and IL7R were strikingly associated with adverse outcome of ESCC. ConclusionsTogether, the data we presented here indicate that MCT1/4 and IL7R were heavily involved in the oncogenesis of ESCC.
Differential effect of chemical compounds on Helicobacter pylori growth and subsequent apoptosis

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is well-known for its role in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. Eradication of these carcinogenic bacteria from the gut is one of the major challenges for the clinicians. The complexity of treatment is mainly owing to, antibiotic resistance and relapse due to extra gastric reservoir in the oral cavity. Our study focuses on the isolation of H. pylori from distinct habitats (gastric biopsy and gastric juice) of the gut microenvironment and its subsequent characterization. Further, we have also evaluated the effect of various plaque control agents on isolated strains of H. pylori.Results The strains isolated from two different habitats of the same subject shows a striking difference in their growth pattern. Promisingly, some included chemicals are effective in growth inhibition after recommended 30 sec treatment. The subsequent evaluation shows that chemical B (out of chemical A, B, C, D and E) is the most effective and downregulate the expression of CagA in the infected AGS cells.Conclusion For the fast time, in our study the pylori isolated from different habitat of the same subject shows differential growth pattern. Nowadays, antibiotic resistance and relapse of H. pylori make it difficult to eradicate the bacteria from gastric as well as oral reservoir. Thus, this study may help to reduce the bacteria in their oral reservoir and also control the H. pylori migration from oral to gastric compartment.
Loss of Historical Phonetic Contrast Across the Lifespan: Articulatory, Lexical, and Social Effects on Sound Change in Swabian

This chapter explores the extent to which phonetic environment, lexical frequency, and social factors interact and incite or impede sound change over the lifespan of the individual. The corpus consists of sociolinguistic interviews with 20 panel speakers of Swabian, an Alemannic dialect spoken in southwestern Germany, from two different communities, Stuttgart and Schwäbisch Gmünd, first recorded in 1982 and again in 2017. We investigate the modern standard German diphthong [ai] which evolved from two different Middle High German (MHG) phonemes, /i:/ and /ei/. We use generalised additive mixed-effect models to investigate to what extent F1/F2 trajectories in the vowel space differ in lemmata originating from the two MHG phonemes based on the Total Euclidean Distance Squared (TEDS). In addition to voicing effects, we find that an interaction between community, lexical frequency, and indexicalities of Swabian identity affects the degree to which the two diphthongs are merging, or at least becoming more similar to one another, within the lifespan of one generation. By analysing intra-speaker trajectories, we show how sound change is governed by the intricate interplay between structural factors and individual speaker notions of language ideology, social meaning, and dialect identity.
Structural Design of Wing Twist for Pitch Control of Joined Wing Sensor Craft

Abstract : This research investigated two aspects of the aft wing structure of a joined wing SensorCraft. First, the efficacy of a novel approach for incorporating wing twist for pitch control was analyzed. This design involved adding a spanwise sliding joint into the wing structure at the lower aft spar of the vehicle's aft wing. Second, the joint section where the forward and aft wings connect and form the outboard wing was redesigned and analyzed to improve the load transmission between the wing spars. Using MSC.NASTRAN, linear and non-linear static analyses were performed to examine the efficiency of the wing twist sliding joint and the forces required to achieve sufficient angular deflections for control. MSC.Patran was then used to perform post-processing of the raw data. Several variations of sliding joint location and composite ply angles were conducted. The sliding joint produced marked improvement in angular deflection over the baseline configuration. Surprisingly, however, ply angle did not have a large effect on the resulting deflections. Additional sliding joints incorporated into the wing structure produced no notable improvements in the obtained deflections either. Although the strain induced into the structure by the aft wing twist was on the order of the aerodynamic forces alone, the force required to twist the wing was significantly reduced by adding the slit in all cases. Flutter speed did not differ notably by the addition of the slit into the aft wing, yet some reduction in buckling strength was noted. The redesigned joint planform does appear to recover some of the buckling resistance lost due to the slit.
When Managers Become Robin Hoods: A Mixed Method Investigation

When subordinates have suffered an unfairness, managers sometimes try to compensate them by allocating something extra that belongs to the organization. These reactions, which we label as managerial Robin Hood behaviors, are undertaken without the consent of senior leadership. In four studies, we present and test a theory of managerial Robin Hoodism. In study 1, we found that managers themselves reported engaging in Robin Hoodism for various reasons, including a moral concern with restoring justice. Study 2 results suggested that managerial Robin Hoodism is more likely to occur when the justice violations involve distributive and interpersonal justice rather than procedural justice violations. In studies 3 and 4, when moral identity (trait or primed) was low, both distributive and interpersonal justice violations showed similar relationships to managerial Robin Hoodism. However, when moral identity was high, interpersonal justice violations showed a strong relationship to managerial Robin Hoodism regardless of the level of distributive justice.
Parachute Inflation: A Problem in Aeroelasticity

Abstract : In parachute research, canopy inflation is the least understood and most complex process to model. Unfortunately, it is during the opening process that the canopy experiences the largest deformations and loadings. The complexity of modeling the opening process stems from the coupling between the structural dynamics of the canopy, lines plus payload and the aerodynamics of the surrounding fluid medium. The addition of a computational capability to model the coupled opening behavior would greatly assist in understanding the canopy inflation process. Ongoing research at the U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center (Natick) focuses on this coupled problem. The solution to this problem will assist in the development of future U.S. Army airdrop systems, which include the capability of deploying at low altitudes and high speeds. This report describes research at Natick that currently involves coupling a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code to a mass spring damper (MSD) parachute structural code. The model is described and results are presented.
Experimental comparison of brickwork behaviour at prototype and model scales

A programme of masonry tests has been undertaken at prototype and model scales with a view to comparing their behaviour and strength under various conditions of loading. Characterisation tests were carried out to determine the principal behaviour of the units and mortar before the main programme of masonry test. The testing regime was in two parts: in the first category of tests compressive, shear, flexural, bond and diagonal tensile strength tests were carried out on prototype, half, fourth and sixth scale models. While in the second category of tests the effect of different joint thickness, increasing mortar strength and different sand gradings were tested on the compressive, shear, flexural, bond and diagonal tensile strengths of sixth scale model masonry. The size effect laws for quasi-brittle materials from fracture mechanics were also applied to the test data in order to find out their suitability to masonry model studies. The knowledge gained on the model scale behaviour of masonry was then applied to a prototype study involving the effect of eccentricity on the compressive strength of masonry as it relates to masonry arches. The sixth model scale was used for this study using four different eccentricities. On the whole, the model tests showed similar behaviour to the prototype. While there was no discernable scale effect in the shear, flexural, bond and diagonal tensile strength test, the compressive strength tests showed a noticeable scale effect. The parametric study at sixth scale also showed it is possible to use a sixth model to determine the effect of the increasing mortar strength and different grading of sands on masonry strength. However, the effect of increasing joint thickness was difficult to quantify. Indications from the size effect analysis of test data were also encouraging. The experimental data from the different tests were generally found to be in good agreement with the size effect laws of fracture mechanics. The application study was found to agree with the prototype investigation for low eccentricities but does not correspond well for higher eccentricities. Overall the results showed that it was possible to use model tests to provide masonry strength properties that could be used to determine the structural behaviour real life structures from numerical studies.
Asthabrata’s Leadership Value in the Beksan Manggalatama Pakualaman Palace

Java as a large civilization is rich in various philosophies spread in the dimensions of life, including social ethics, parent-child relations, social relations, religion, education, law, and others. Among these philosophies, the philosophy of leadership is the most prominent in Javanese society. This is not surprising, because the Javanese people have had considerable leadership dominance since ancient times. Javanese leaders often use philosophy as the basis or guidance for their leadership (Santoso, 2010: 67). Javanese culture has strong local wisdom in the field of leadership. Leadership is something that gets high attention considering that this is tied to ideal values that are not only oriented to the world alone. This assumption is reflected in the traditional view that considers the leader to be the ruler as well as the “representative/incarnation” of the god (God's representative). This sacredness gives a big responsibility to create harmony between humans, nature, and God (Kurniawan, 2019: 198).
Measuring and Enhancing the Emotional Intelligence of Construction Management Students: An Empirical Investigation

Abstract Social and personal competencies, such as self-awareness, optimism, and empathy, have been shown to enhance both satisfaction and productivity at work. Collectively, these competencies have been termed ‘Emotional Intelligence’ (EI) and have been shown to differentiate leading managers from less able performers. There have, however, been relatively few empirical studies on EI conducted within the construction sector context and so little is known of how emotionally intelligent those choosing construction careers have the propensity to be, or how their EI can be enhanced. This paper reports on the findings of research which explored construction management MSc students’ EI and the effect of their programme’s content on their EI development. A standard EI measurement tool (SEI) was used to assess EI levels before and after specific modules. Follow-up interviews with students established how EI-enhancing interventions could be better integrated into the curriculum. The results revealed that the current content of modules studied did little to enhance EI levels amongst the cohort. They also suggested that there may be differences in EI development on the basis of both gender and age, although the sample size was too small to draw firm conclusions in this regard. On the basis of the findings, tentative suggestions are provided for enhancing the future EI content of postgraduate courses in the built environment. These include adding additional modules that cover work psychology, simulating the working environment through role-play and explicitly introducing the concept of EI into the construction curriculum.
Transboundary Pollution

Transboundary pollution problems have become increasingly important issues on the agenda of politicians, economists, and natural scientists. Transboundary pollution is defined legally as pollution that originates in one country but can cause damage in another country’s environment, by crossing borders through pathways like water or air. The problems of transboundary pollution include issues like the acidification of soils and lakes through acid rain, transboundary air pollution (known variably as smog, haze, or smoke), and downstream river or ocean pollution due to upstream activities. The traditional Westphalian approach that forms the cornerstone of the modern international system is based on the notion of geopolitical units, with borders indicating the limits of state jurisdiction. However, a distinctive characteristic of transboundary pollution problems is that pollution does not remain within political boundaries. Thus, this fluid nature of the environment has posed a challenge for environmental governance within this system. This article provides a bibliographic review of the literature on transboundary pollution as an international relations problem. This review is limited to works analyzing the problem of transboundary pollution through a mainly qualitative lens, mainly using works coming from international law, international relations, and public policy disciplines. After a brief discussion of some general works and issue-based journals, the first substantive section focuses on literature discussing the challenges of single-state regulation of transboundary pollution issues. Due to these difficulties, regulatory authority has gradually shifted from national to more international levels of governance. This is the focus of the second section, which compiles works that focus on developments in international law toward the regulation and governance of transboundary pollution at the international level. This section is broadly divided in two, firstly discussing literature looking at developments in customary international law, and secondly proceeding to look at more formal means through international environmental agreements (IEAs), conventions, and treaties. The third and final section of this bibliography compiles case studies on transboundary pollution governance arranged according to environmental pathways: air and water. While these case studies are not exhaustive, they are those that are most widely covered in the literature, covering regions like North America, Europe, Asia, and to a lesser extent Northeast Asia and Latin America. This work was partially supported by the Singapore Social Science Research Council (SSRC) grant on Sustainable Governance of Transboundary Environmental Commons in Southeast Asia, grant code MOE2016-SSRTG-068.
Characterizing the Impact of Precision Time and Range Measurements from Two-Way Time Transfer Systems on Network Differential GPS Position Solutions

Abstract : Many GPS applications require precise relative positioning of a network of vehicles (such as aircraft, tanks, troops, etc). Although GPS has become commonplace in today's society, there are still limitations affecting the system. Recent advances in dynamic Two-Way Time Transfer (TWTT) have potentially provided a means to improve precise relative positioning accuracy over differential GPS (DGPS)-only approaches. TWTT is a technique in which signals are simultaneously exchanged between users. This research investigates the impact of using Two-Way Time Transfer (TWTT) time measurements to augment differential GPS systems to improve the relative positioning solutions of vehicle networks. Incorporating the TWTT time meas. into the DGPS solution improves the 3-D relative positioning accuracy by up to 44% with pseudorange measurements and 35% with phase measurements. Normally, the TWTT measurements are used in a manner that cancels out the impact of the vehicle position in order to obtain a precise relative time measurement. The research also implements an innovative approach to using TWTT measurement to obtain a precise measurement of the vehicle position in addition to the time measurement. The results show that 3-D relative positioning solutions can be improved by up to 48% when using pseudorange measurements augmented with TWTT time and range measurement and up to 40% when using phase meas. augmented with TWTT time and range meas.
Temperature and packaging film effects on colour stability of sliced turkey bologna during lighted display.

Temperatures of 5.6 to 16.7C were evaluated for effects on surface colour stability of sliced turkey bologna vacuum-packaged in films with oxygen transmission rates (OTR) of 11, 30 and 72 cc/m/24hr (at 23C, 0% RH, 1 atm). Surface colour measures in the Hunter LAB colour space were determined weekly over 4 or 5 weeks for packages displayed at a light intensity of 3200 lux. Surface lightness (Hunter L) and yellowness (Hunter +b) of all products had minimal increases (ΔL=3.8 and Δ+b=1.8 units, respectively) over the display period irrespective of temperature and OTR of packaging film. Redness (Hunter +a) loss increased due to increases in film OTR (P<0.001), display temperature (P<0.001) and time (P<0.001) in lighted display. Reflectance spectra of product at 0 and 4 weeks at 5.6C appeared parallel with no major shifts except for bologna packaged in film with an OTR of 72 cc. Reflectance ratios (R570/R650) at 4 weeks increased (P<0.05) from initial ratios for product in film with OTRs of 30 and 72 cc. Overall, the shift in surface colour of the turkey bologna from a red to a red-yellow hue occurred with increase of time in lighted display, increase of the OTR of the packaging film, and increase of temperature of the lighted display.