Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of a SMART Goal Setting and 12-Week Core Strength Training Intervention on Physical Fitness and Exercise Attitudes in Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study aimed to analyze the impacts of a 12-week core strength training (CST) and goal-setting (GS) program on the core endurance, agility, sprinting, jumping, grip strength, and exercise attitude in a group of adolescents. This study followed a randomized parallel design in which 362 adolescents (age: 14.5 ± 1.07 years; body mass index: 19.82 ± 3.64) were allocated to a GS (n = 89), CST (n = 92), or GS + CST (n = 90) program or to a control group (n = 91). Participants were assessed two times (baseline and postintervention) for the following tests: (i) 50 m dash, (ii) grip strength, (iii) long jump, (iv) 1000 m running for boys and 800 m for girls, (v) core endurance, and (vi) exercise attitude. Significant differences (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.035−0.218) were found between the four groups of the six components of physical fitness and the three components of attitude toward exercise (target attitudes, behavioral habits, and sense of behavioral control). Between-group analysis revealed that the GS + CST had significant advantages (p < 0.05) over the CON in terms of the 50 m dash (Cohen’s d = 0.06), grip strength (Cohen’s d = 0.19_left, 0.31_right), 800/1000 m running (Cohen’s d = 0.41), core endurance (Cohen’s d = 0.95), and sense of behavioral control (Cohen’s d = 0.35). Between-group analysis also revealed that the CST had significant advantages over the CON in terms of grip strength (Cohen’s d = 0.27_left, 0.39_right), 50 m (Cohen’s d = 0.04), long jump (Cohen’s d = 0.21), 800/1000 m (Cohen’s d = 0.09), and core stability (Cohen’s d = 0.63), which were significantly different from CON (p < 0.05). GS differed from CON only on 50 m (Cohen’s d = 0.02) and core stability (Cohen’s d = 0.13) with a small effect (p < 0.05). We conclude that the combined intervention of GS and CST is more effective in promoting fitness in adolescents, i.e., GS + CST > CST and GS + CST > GS.
High-Efficiency Asymmetrical Half-Bridge Converter With a New Coupled Inductor Rectifier (CIR)

A conventional asymmetrical half-bridge (AHB) converter is one of the most promising topologies in low-power applications because of the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of all switches and the small number of components. However, when it operates with an asymmetrical duty ratio, it has a large dc-offset current in the transformer, which increases the size and core loss of the transformer. Moreover, because the dc-offset current decreases ZVS energy for one of the half-bridge switches, it has low efficiency in a light load condition. In addition, because most of the output current is concentrated in high-voltage-rating diodes that have large forward voltage drops, large conduction loss occurs in the secondary rectifier. To solve these problems, a new AHB converter with a coupled inductor rectifier (CIR) is proposed in this paper. By adopting the CIR structure in the AHB converter, the proposed converter not only eliminates the dc-offset current in the transformer, but it also has equalized current stress in the rectifier diodes. As a result, the proposed converter achieves high efficiency in entire load condition, compared to an AHB converter with a full-bridge rectifier. The effectiveness and feasibility are verified with a 250–400 V input and 100 V/200 W output prototype.
Complete Mitochondrial Genome Analysis Clarifies the Enigmatic Origin of Haplogroup D in Japanese Native Chickens

Japanese native chickens (JNCs) comprise approximately 50 breeds, making Japan a diversity hotspot for native chicken breeds. JNCs were established through the repeated introduction of chickens from foreign countries. Jidori, which is the generic name of JNC breeds whose ancestral morphology resembles that of their wild progenitor (red junglefowls), is generally thought to have propagated from north East Asia (Korea and north China) to ancient Japan. However, mitochondrial haplogroup D, which is abundant in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) as well as the Pacific but relatively rare in other regions, can be observed in some Jidori breeds (e.g., Tosa-Jidori, Tokuji-Jidori) with high frequency, leading to speculation that chickens from ISEA or the Pacific also contributed genetically to JNCs. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of Jidori breeds and conducted phylogeographic analysis. Our results indicate that the JNC Haplogroup D belongs to Sub-haplogroup D2, which is currently only observed in Xinjiang, northwest China, and not to Sub-haplogroup D1, which is widely distributed in the ISEA–Pacific region. The other mitochondrial haplogroups of Jidori examined in this study also showed affinity to those of chickens native to north East Asia. Therefore, our findings support the north East Asian origin hypothesis for Jidori.
Assessing the Yield of Wheat Using Satellite Remote Sensing-Based Machine Learning Algorithms and Simulation Modeling

Globally, estimating crop acreage and yield is one of the most critical issues that policy and decision makers need for assessing annual crop productivity and food supply. Nowadays, satellite remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) can enable the estimation of these crop production parameters over large geographic areas. The present work aims to estimate the wheat (Triticum aestivum) acreage and yield of Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh, India, using satellite-based data products and the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model. Uttar Pradesh is the largest wheat-producing state in India, and this district is well known for its quality organic wheat. India is the leader in wheat grain export, and, hence, its monitoring of growth and yield is one of the top economic priorities of the country. For the calculation of wheat acreage, we performed supervised classification using the Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine classifiers and compared their classification accuracy based on ground-truthing. We found that RF performed a significantly accurate acreage assessment (kappa coefficient 0.84) compared to SVM (0.68). The CASA model was then used to calculate the winter crop (Rabi, winter-sown, and summer harvested) wheat net primary productivity (NPP) in the study area for the 2020–2021 growth season using the RF-based acreage product. The model used for wheat NPP-yield conversion (CASA) showed 3100.27 to 5000.44 kg/ha over 148,866 ha of the total wheat area. The results showed that in the 2020–2021 growing season, all the districts of Uttar Pradesh had similar wheat growth trends. A total of 30 observational data points were used to verify the CASA model-based estimates of wheat yield. Field-based verification shows that the estimated yield correlates well with the observed yield (R2 = 0.554, RMSE = 3.36 Q/ha, MAE −0.56 t ha−1, and MRE = −4.61%). Such an accuracy for assessing regional wheat yield can prove to be one of the promising methods for calculating the whole region’s agricultural yield. The study concludes that RF classifier-based yield estimation has shown more accurate results and can meet the requirements of a regional-scale wheat grain yield estimation and, thus, can prove highly beneficial in policy and decision making.
Revealing the scale‐ and location‐specific variation and control factors of soil salinity using bi‐dimensional empirical modal decomposition

The key to saline land management and soil salinity control is to clarify the dynamics of soil salinity and the characteristics of environmental factors. However, due to the high heterogeneity of soil salinity, the influence of environmental factors on soil salinity variation at specific scales and locations is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to reveal the variability characteristics and controlling factors of soil salinity in the Wei‐Ku Oasis during different seasons. One hundred and eighty‐two topsoil samples (0–20 cm) were acquired during the irrigation and non‐irrigation seasons (IRRS and NIRRS) in the study area. This study predicted soil surface salinity at 90 m spatial resolution from randomForest (RF) models and measured data. Based on the mapping, a bi‐dimensional empirical modal decomposition (BEMD) algorithm was applied to extract the variation of the soil salinity at different scales and locations in the IRRS and NIRRS. Subsequently, correlation analysis, semi‐variance functions, and redundancy analysis were applied to dissect the correlation and main control factors between soil salinity and the environment at three different scales. The results indicated that soil salinity was greater in the NIRRS at the Weiku Oasis. Soil salinity was decomposed into five intrinsic modal functions with spatial variability scales of 6.20–50.61 km and 7.93–50.18 km during the IRRS and NIRRS, respectively. The relationships between environmental factors and soil salinity were scale‐ and location‐specific, suggesting a complex interrelationship between topography, temperature, vegetation cover, and soil salinity. The normalized difference vegetation index was found to be the main factor affecting small‐scale seasonal variation in soil salinity, whereas the large‐scale spatial distribution of soil salinity was most affected by evapotranspiration and temperature. These findings highlight the effectiveness of BEMD in revealing the scale and location control of soil salinity.
Social Network Analysis of COVID-19 Sentiments: 10 Metropolitan Cities in Italy

The pandemic spread rapidly across Italy, putting the region’s health system on the brink of collapse, and generating concern regarding the government’s capacity to respond to the needs of patients considering isolation measures. This study developed a sentiment analysis using millions of Twitter data during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 10 metropolitan cities in Italy’s (1) north: Milan, Venice, Turin, Bologna; (2) central: Florence, Rome; (3) south: Naples, Bari; and (4) islands: Palermo, Cagliari. Questions addressed are as follows: (1) How did tweet-related sentiments change over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) How did sentiments change when lagged with policy shifts and/or specific events? Findings show an assortment of differences and connections across Twitter sentiments (fear, anger, and joy) based on policy measures and geographies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results can be used by policy makers to quantify the satisfactory level of positive/negative acceptance of decision makers and identify important topics related to COVID-19 policy measures, which can be useful for imposing geographically varying lockdowns and protective measures using historical data.
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF WALK-BEHIND GRANULAR FERTILIZER APPLICATOR FOR PRECISE FERTILIZER APPLICATION

The balanced use of fertilizer play vital role to maintain required nutrients level in the plants for their better growth. Currently, most of the fertilizer addition is carried out using manual broadcasting that reduces the fertilizer use efficiency due to non-uniform fertilizer distribution. Moreover, the excessive use of fertilizer not only results fertilizer wastage but also affect output quality of produce along with environmental pollution. Thus, in order to address these serious concerns and to increase fertilizer use efficiency, this research study was carried out for the development and testing of walk behind granular fertilizer applicator. The development of the applicator was carried out using locally available materials to reduce its capital cost. The performance evaluation of fertilizer applicator was carried out under laboratory and actual field conditions to determine various parameters like application rate, fertilizer missing index, fertilizer droppage rate, wheel slippage and field efficiency. The results showed that the average fertilizer rate for maize and cotton crop was found to be 69.17 and 157.05 kg/ha respectively. The fertilizer missing index was found to be zero. The average theoretical and effective field capacity was found to be 0.245 and 0.197 ha/h respectively with an average field efficiency of 81.52%. The average wheel slippage was calculated to be 8.78%.
EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with a high morbidity and mortality rate that is a threat to human health. With the development of molecular targeted research, breakthroughs have been made on the molecular mechanism of lung cancer. The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene is one of the most important pathogenic driver genes of NSCLC discovered thus far. Four generations of targeted drugs for EML4-ALK have been developed, with patients benefiting significantly from these drugs. Therefore, EML4-ALK has become a research hotspot in NSCLC. The aim of the present study is to introduce the current research progress of EML4-ALK and its association with NSCLC.
Do Fraud Hexagon Components Promote Fraud in Indonesia?

This study provides information about the likelihood of the natureof fraud companies so that investors and stakeholders can makebetter decisions. The Beneish model and the fraud theory aretwo well-developed ideas for understanding fraud motivationsand detecting earnings manipulation in a corporation. Unlikeprevious studies using the fraud triangle, this study uses the latesttheory (the fraud hexagon) perspective to detect fraud actions.Thus, this study aims to examine the applicability of the fraudhexagon components in combination with the M-score fromthe Beneish model. Seventy-six manufacturing firms listed onIndonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2019 were chosen assamples. The findings confirmed that enterprises with fraud tendto: be more financially stable, be more leveraged, have higherprofitability, have cooperation projects with the government, havemore related-party transactions, have more auditor changes, beless liquid, less changing directors, be less supervised, and lessdisplay CEO. ’s picture.JEL Classification: K40, K42
Predictive Capacity of Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Variability for Cardioautonomic and Vascular Dysfunction in Early Metabolic Challenge

Diabetic patients present established cardiovascular disease at the onset of diagnostic metabolic symptoms. While premature autonomic and vascular deterioration considered risk factors for major cardiovascular complications of diabetes, present in initial stages of metabolic impairment, their early detection remains a significant challenge impeding timely intervention. In the present study, we examine the utility of beat-to-beat blood pressure variability (BPV) parameters in capturing subtle changes in cardiac autonomic and vascular control distinguishing between various risk categories, independent of the average BP. A rat model of mild hypercaloric (HC) intake was used to represent the insidious cardiovascular changes associated with early metabolic impairment. Invasive hemodynamics were used to collect beat-to-beat BP time series in rats of either sex with different durations of exposure to the HC diet. Linear (standard deviation and coefficient of variation) and nonlinear (approximate entropy, ApEn, and self-correlation of detrended fluctuation analysis, α) BPV parameters were calculated to assess the impact of early metabolic impairment across sexes and feeding durations. HC-fed male, but not female, rats developed increased fat:lean ratio as well as hyperinsulinemia. Unlike linear parameters, multivariate analysis showed that HC-fed rats possessed lower ApEn and higher α, consistent with early changes in heart rate variability and blunting of parasympathetic baroreceptor sensitivity, particularly in males. Moreover, logistic regression demonstrated the superiority of nonlinear parameters of diastolic BPV in predicting a prediabetic disease state. Our findings support the use of nonlinear beat-to-beat BPV for early detection of cardiovascular derangements in the initial stages of metabolic impairment.
Effect of Row Spacing and Frequency of Weeding on Weed Infestation, Yield Components, and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Bench Maji Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

A field experiment was conducted in Bench Maji Zone at Guraferda district during the 2020 main cropping season to assess the effect of row spacing and frequency of weeding on weeds, yield components, and yield of rice and to estimate the economic feasibility of weed control practices of rice. Factorial combination of three-row spacing (20, 25, and 30 cm) and six weeding frequencies (one-hand weeding and hoeing at 2, 3, and 4 weeks after emergence, two-hand weeding and hoeing at 2 and 5 weeks after emergence, and weed-free check and weedy check) were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Weed control efficiency, days to 50% heading, days to 90% physiological maturity, plant height, and straw yield were significantly affected by weeding frequencies but not by row spacing. Significantly higher panicle length (24.07 cm), number of productive tillers (209.08 m−2), number of kernels per panicle (252.22), grain yield (4303.0 kg·ha−1), aboveground dry biomass (10295.4 kg·ha−1), and harvest index (40.79%) were observed under 25 cm row spacing, compared with 20 and 30 cm. Significantly higher panicle length (25.81 cm), number of productive tillers (257.71 m−2), number of kernels per panicle (172.33), thousand kernels weight (35.44 g), grain yield (5226.7 kg·ha−1), aboveground dry biomass (11696.3 kg·ha−1), and harvest index (44.92%) were recorded under complete weed-free check plots. However, the highest net return (46,394.87 ETB·ha−1) was obtained from the combination of 25 cm row spacing and two-hand weeding and hoeing at 2 and 5 weeks after emergence, as the cost of maintaining weed-free plots was much higher. Thus, practicing two-hand weeding and hoeing at 2 and 5 WAE and 25 cm row spacing was found to be both agronomically and economically feasible for Rice (NERICA-4) production in the Guraferda area.
Experimental Investigation of the Natural Bonding Strength between Stay-In-Place Form and Concrete in FRP-Concrete Decks/Beams

The Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-concrete hybrid deck/beam is a structural system that combines the durable thin-walled FRP composite profiles and the cost-effective concrete by interfacial shear connections. The interfacial slip can reduce the composite action, thereby causing a degradation of flexural rigidity and capacity. Therefore, using stay-in-place (SIP) forms is a simple way to fully utilize the natural bonding between FRP and concrete, which plays a pivotal role in the structural design of FRP-concrete hybrid decks/beams. This paper presents an experimental study on the natural bonding provided by the SIP forms and the in situ cast concrete. First, four comparative push-out test specimens revealed that the use of SIP forms could improve the ultimate shear capacity of steel bolts by 11.1%. Moreover, it could provide an initial stage with nearly zero slip. The average natural bonding strength of FRP-concrete was evaluated as 0.27 MPa, which agreed well with previous tests in the literature. Second, the beam specimen also confirmed that there was a load response stage with nearly zero slip along the FRP-concrete interface when SIP forms were used as the permanent form. Third, the strain measurements on the steel bolts, FRP profile, and concrete revealed that the failure of the natural bonding was a brittle process. Finally, the flexural response of the FRP-concrete hybrid beam was analytically modeled as three distinct stages, namely the full composite action stage, the slipping stage caused by a natural bonding decrease, and the partial composite action stage.
Comparative COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Over Time in Veterans

Abstract Background Comparative effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines across patient subgroups is poorly understood and essential to precisely targeting vaccination strategies. Methods We used the US Department of Veterans Affairs COVID-19 Shared Data Resource to identify veterans who utilize VA health care and had no documented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection before December 11, 2020. Using a test-negative case–control design (TND), we used conditional logistic regression with adjustment for covariates to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) over time for veterans who received 2 doses of mRNA vaccines or 1 dose of Ad26.Cov2. S. Results We identified 4.8 million veterans with a mean age of 64 years, of whom 58% had ≥1 chronic disease. Vaccine effectiveness for symptomatic infections, hospitalizations, and ICU admission or death declined over time and varied by the type of vaccine (P < 0.01). VE estimates against symptomatic infection during months 1 and 7 for mRNA-1273 compared with BNT162b2 were 89.7% (95% CI, 84.4%–93.0%) and 57.3% (95% CI, 48.4%–64.7%) vs 81.6% (95% CI, 75.9%–85.9%) and 22.5% (95% CI, 7.2%–35.2%) for individuals age <65 years and 78.4% (95% CI, 71.1%–83.9%) and 36.2% (95% CI, 27.7%–43.6%) vs 66.3% (95% CI, 55.7%–74.4%) and −23.3% (95% CI, −40.5% to −8.2%) in subjects age ≥65 years; against hospitalization 92.0% (95% CI, 76.1%–97.3%) and 83.1% (95% CI, 66.8%–91.4%) vs 85.6% (95% CI, 72.6%–92.4%) and 57.0% (95% CI, 31.2%–73.2%) in subjects age <65 years and 66.1% (95% CI, 45.3%–79.0%) and 64.7% (95% CI, 55.2%–72.3%) vs 61.0% (95% CI, 41.3%–74.2%) and 1.7% (95% CI, −22.0% to 20.8%) in those age ≥65 years; against ICU admission or death 89.2% (95% CI, 49.5%–97.7%) and 84.4% (95% CI, 59.0%–94.1%) vs 87.6% (95% CI, 61.0%–96.1%) and 66.4% (95% CI, 7.7%–87.8%) in subjects age <65 years and 75.4% (95% CI, 51.7%–87.5%) and 73.8 (95% CI, 62.9%–81.5%) vs 67.4% (95% CI, 32.6%–84.3%) and 29.3% (95% CI, 2.3%–48.9%) in subjects age ≥65 years, respectively (Pinteraction < .01 for all comparisons). Similarly, mRNA-1273 was more effective than BNT162b2 in veterans with >1 chronic disease. Conclusions mRNA-1273 was more effective than BNT162b2 in older veterans and those with chronic diseases.
COVID-19 vaccine booster significantly decreases the risk of intensive care unit hospitalization in heart failure patients during the Omicron variant wave: A population-based study

Background Heart failure (HF) patients are at higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The Omicron variant has many novel mutations including those in the spike protein, leading to questions about vaccine effectiveness. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine with or without a booster (i.e., after the third dose) during the Omicron variant wave. Methods Chronic heart failure patients in the Czech Republic were included in the analysis. COVID-19 infection was monitored from January 1st 2022 to March 31st 2022. The analysis was conducted on data collected in the National Health Information System. Vaccine effectiveness of vaccinated (with or without booster) vs. unvaccinated patients was analyzed for incidence of COVID-19, COVID-19-related hospitalizations, COVID-19 related intensive care unit admissions, and COVID-19 related mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment. Findings From a total 165,453 HF patients in the Czech Republic, 9,728 contracted COVID-19 (22.9% of them not vaccinated, 23.2% vaccinated and 53.8% vaccinated and boosted). Risk of intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization was 7.6% in the unvaccinated group, 4.8% in the vaccinated group and 2.9% in the boosted group. The calculated effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in prevention of ICU hospitalization in the vaccinated group was 41.9 and 76.6% in the boosted group. Interpretation The results demonstrated moderate vaccine effectiveness in the prevention of severe COVID-19 in vaccinated but not boosted HF patients. Much stronger effectiveness was found in those who were vaccinated and boosted.