Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intermediate accelerated solutions as generic late-time attractors in a modified Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory

In this paper we investigate the evolution of a Jordan-Brans-Dicke scalar field, Φ, with a power-law potential in the presence of a second scalar field, ϕ, with an exponential potential, in both the Jordan and the Einstein frames. We present the relation of our model with the induced gravity model with power-law potential and the integrability of this kind of models is discussed when the quintessence field ϕ is massless, and has a small velocity. The fact that for some fine-tuned values of the parameters we may get some integrable cosmological models, makes our choice of potentials very interesting. We prove that in Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory, the de Sitter solution is not a natural attractor. Instead, we show that the attractor in the Jordan frame corresponds to an ``intermediate accelerated'' solution of the form a(t) ≃ eα1 tp1, as t → ∞ where α1 > 0 and 0 < p1 < 1, for a wide range of parameters. Furthermore, when we work in the Einstein frame we get that the attractor is also an ``intermediate accelerated'' solution of the form 𝔞(𝔱) ≃ eα2 𝔱p2 as 𝔱 → ∞ where α2 > 0 and 0<p2<1, for the same conditions on the parameter space as in the Jordan frame. In the special case of a quadratic potential in the Jordan frame, or for a constant potential in the Einstein's frame, the above intermediate solutions are of saddle type. These results were proved using the center manifold theorem, which is not based on linear approximation. Finally, we present a specific elaboration of our extension of the induced gravity model in the Jordan frame, which corresponds to a particular choice of a linear potential of Φ. The dynamical system is then reduced to a two dimensional one, and the late-time attractor is linked with the exact solution found for the induced gravity model. In this example the ``intermediate accelerated'' solution does not exist, and the attractor solution has an asymptotic de Sitter-like evolution law for the scale factor. Apart from some fine-tuned examples such as the linear, and quadratic potential U(Φ) in the Jordan frame, it is true that ``intermediate accelerated'' solutions are generic late-time attractors in a modified Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory.
Genetic Determinants of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Their Relevance to Public Health

Twin studies suggest a considerable genetic contribution to the variability in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, reporting heritability estimates up to 80% in some studies. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) suggest notably lower rates (13–16%), they have identified many independent variants that associate with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. These discoveries have provided some novel insight into the metabolic pathway, and in this review we outline findings from GWAS studies to date with a particular focus on 35 variants which have provided replicating evidence for an association with 25(OH)D across independent large-scale analyses. Some of the 25(OH)D associating variants are linked directly to the vitamin D metabolic pathway, while others may reflect differences in storage capacity, lipid metabolism, and pathways reflecting skin properties. By constructing a genetic score including these 25(OH)D associated variants we show that genetic differences in 25(OH)D concentrations persist across the seasons, and the odds of having low concentrations (<50 nmol/L) are about halved for individuals in the highest 20% of vitamin D genetic score compared to the lowest quintile, an impact which may have notable influences on retaining adequate levels. We also discuss recent studies on personalized approaches to vitamin D supplementation and show how Mendelian randomization studies can help inform public health strategies to reduce adverse health impacts of vitamin D deficiency.
Nanosecond spin lifetimes in bottom‐up fabricated bilayer graphene spin‐valves with atomic layer deposited Al 2 O 3 spin injection and detection barriers

We present spin transport studies on bi‐ and trilayer graphene non‐local spin‐valves which have been fabricated by a bottom‐up fabrication method. By this technique, spin injection electrodes are first deposited onto Si ++ /SiO 2 substrates with subsequent mechanical transfer of a graphene/hBN heterostructure. We showed previously that this technique allows for nanosecond spin lifetimes at room temperature combined with carrier mobilities which exceed 20,000cm2(Vs)−1 . Despite strongly enhanced spin and charge transport properties, the MgO injection barriers in these devices exhibit conducting pinholes which still limit the measured spin lifetimes. We demonstrate that these pinholes can be partially diminished by an oxygen treatment of a trilayer graphene device which is seen by a strong increase of the contact resistance area products of the Co/MgO electrodes. At the same time, the spin lifetime increases from 1 to 2 ns. We believe that the pinholes partially result from the directional growth in molecular beam epitaxy. For a second set of devices, we therefore used atomic layer deposition of Al 2 O 3 which offers the possibility to isotropically deposit more homogeneous barriers. While the contacts of the as‐fabricated bilayer graphene devices are non‐conductive, we can partially break the oxide barriers by voltage pulses. Thereafter, the devices also exhibit nanosecond spin lifetimes.
Common fixed points for Ćirić type $f$-weak contraction with applications

We introduce a new conception of Ciric type f-weakly contractive mappings and the existence of common fixed points is established for Ciric type f-weakly contractive mapping T. As an application, the existence of solution of variational inequalities is obtained. Our results unify and improve several recent results existing in the current literature.
Exploring the effects of physical fatigue on cognitive performance of youth soccer players

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify whether the peripheral perception and decision making of young soccer players are influenced by physical fatigue. The sample was composed of 48 soccer players from two youth academies of Brazilian clubs (17.03 ± 2.33 years old). In laboratory conditions, the Vienna Test System and the TacticUP® video test was used to assess peripheral perception and decision making (response time and decision-making quality), respectively. Physical fatigue was induced through T-SAFT90 that simulated the metabolic and physical demands of a soccer game (e.g., acceleration, deacceleration, change direction, jump, and technical action). Peripheral perception and decision-making abilities were compared between the control and physical fatigue “conditions”. Results displayed that physical fatigue did not influence peripheral perception and decision-making quality, although it improved decision-making response time for the tactical principles of penetration, width and length with the ball, delay, defensive coverage, and recovery balance. In summary, physical fatigue did not affect players’ ability to detect information from the peripheral visual field and did not influence the quality of decision-making of soccer players. In addition, physical fatigue induced players to make quicker decisions regarding tactical actions near the ball and inside the centre of play. Thus, we conclude that only the response time of decision-making of youth soccer players is influenced by physical fatigue.
Video-Based Hand Movement Analysis of Parkinson Patients before and after Medication Using High-Frame-Rate Videos and MediaPipe

Tremor is one of the common symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Thanks to the recent evolution of digital technologies, monitoring of PD patients’ hand movements employing contactless methods gained momentum. Objective: We aimed to quantitatively assess hand movements in patients suffering from PD using the artificial intelligence (AI)-based hand-tracking technologies of MediaPipe. Method: High-frame-rate videos and accelerometer data were recorded from 11 PD patients, two of whom showed classical Parkinsonian-type tremor. In the OFF-state and 30 Minutes after taking their standard oral medication (ON-state), video recordings were obtained. First, we investigated the frequency and amplitude relationship between the video and accelerometer data. Then, we focused on quantifying the effect of taking standard oral treatments. Results: The data extracted from the video correlated well with the accelerometer-based measurement system. Our video-based approach identified the tremor frequency with a small error rate (mean absolute error 0.229 (±0.174) Hz) and an amplitude with a high correlation. The frequency and amplitude of the hand movement before and after medication in PD patients undergoing medication differ. PD Patients experienced a decrease in the mean value for frequency from 2.012 (±1.385) Hz to 1.526 (±1.007) Hz and in the mean value for amplitude from 8.167 (±15.687) a.u. to 4.033 (±5.671) a.u. Conclusions: Our work achieved an automatic estimation of the movement frequency, including the tremor frequency with a low error rate, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that presents automated tremor analysis before/after medication in PD, in particular using high-frame-rate video data.
Integrating AIS, GIS and E-Chart to Analyze the Shipping Traffic and Marine Accidents at the Kaohsiung Port

In the past, case study and questionnaire survey methodologies have often been used to analyze the causes of marine accidents. One of the disadvantages of these two methods is that they can only interpret the specific causes of one particular marine accident at a time. They cannot analyze and find the common causes of most marine accidents. Therefore, this study integrates the Automatic Identification System, Geographic Information System, and an e-chart to explore the relationship between environmental factors (wind, wave, tide, and current), locations, and significant common causes of marine accidents. Firstly, an Automatic Identification System is used to collect the traffic flows of vessels entering/exiting the port. The locations of maritime accidents were then plotted on an e-chart, after which we can quickly analyze the locations of marine accidents on the e-chart. Furthermore, environmental data are displayed using Geographic Information System. Subsequently, all data, including traffic flows of vessels, locations of marine accidents, and environmental data, are integrated into the e-chart simultaneously. As a result, the information related to factors affecting the probability of marine accidents could be displayed clearly on the e-chart. Finally, findings and conclusions are given to port authorities to help manage the ship traffic flow and reduce the probability of the occurrence of marine accidents around the port efficiently.
Arhangel'skiĭ sheaf amalgamations in topological groups

We consider amalgamation properties of convergent sequences in topological groups and topological vector spaces. The main result of this paper is that, for arbitrary topological groups, Nyikos's property $\alpha_{1.5}$ is equivalent to Arhangel'ski\u{\i}'s formally stronger property $\alpha_1$. This result solves a problem of Shakhmatov (2002), and its proof uses a new perturbation argument. We also prove that there is a topological space $X$ such that the space $C_p(X)$ of continuous real-valued functions on $X$, with the topology of pointwise convergence, has Arhangel'ski\u{\i}'s property $\alpha_1$ but is not countably tight. This result follows from results of Arhangel'ski\u{\i}--Pytkeev, Moore and Todor\v{c}evi\'c, and provides a new solution, with remarkable properties, to a problem of Averbukh and Smolyanov (1968) concerning topological vector spaces. The Averbukh--Smolyanov problem was first solved by Plichko (2009), using Banach spaces with weaker locally convex topologies.
Effect of balanced use of nutrients on yield attributes, yield and protein content of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

The present investigation was carried out with wheat in rabi season of 2015-16 at Nawabganj Research Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India to study the effect of balanced use of nutrients on yield, yield attributing characters, uptake of nutrients and quality of wheat grain. A field experiment was conducted with 10 different treatment combinations comprising of different levels of N, P, K, S and Zn. Results revealed that the combined application of S@40 kg/ ha and Zn@5kg/ ha along with 125% NPK (T9) proved to be the best nutrient management option for getting higher yield with better grain protein content and quality. Combined use of S and Zn along with 125% NPK produced highest biological yield (130.63 q/ha) which was 66% higher than 100% NPK treatment. Significant increase in yield attributing characters and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, S and Zn) was also observed under T9 treatment. As far as nutritional quality of wheat grain is concerned, about 22% higher protein content was found in wheat grain with T9 treatment over control.
Chandra survey of nearby highly inclined disc galaxies – III. Comparison with hydrodynamical simulations of circumgalactic coronae

X-ray observations of circumgalactic coronae provide a valuable means by which to test galaxy formation theories. Two primary mechanisms are thought to be responsible for the establishment of such coronae: accretion of intergalactic gas and/or galactic feedback. In this paper, we first compare our Chandra sample of galactic coronae of 53 nearby highly-inclined disc galaxies to an analytical model considering only the accretion of intergalactic gas. We confirm the existing conclusion that this pure accretion model substantially over-predicts the coronal emission. We then select 30 field galaxies from our original sample, and correct their coronal luminosities to uniformly compare them to deep X-ray measurements of several massive disc galaxies from the literature, as well as to a comparable sample of simulated galaxies drawn from the Galaxies-Intergalactic Medium Interaction Calculation (GIMIC). These simulations explicitly model both accretion and supernovae feedback and yield galaxies that exhibit X-ray properties in broad agreement with our observational sample. However, notable and potentially instructive discrepancies exist between the slope and scatter of the LX −M200 and LX − SFR relations, highlighting some known shortcomings of GIMIC, for example, the absence of AGN feedback, and possibly the adoption of constant stellar feedback parameters. The simulated galaxies exhibit a tight correlation (with little scatter) between coronal luminosity and halo mass. Having inferredM200 for our observational sample via the Tully-Fisher relation, we find a weaker and more scattered correlation. In the simulated and observed samples alike, massive non-starburst galaxies above a typical transition mass of M∗ � 2×1011 M⊙ or M200 � 1013 M⊙ tend to have higher LX/M∗ and LX/M200 than low-mass counterparts, indicating that the accretion of intergalactic gas plays an increasingly important role in establishing the observable hot circumgalactic medium with increasing galaxy mass. Subject headings: galaxies: general—galaxies: halos—galaxies: normal—X-rays: galaxies
On competing indexicalities in southern Peninsular Spanish. A sociophonetic and perceptual analysis of affricate [ts] through time

Abstract This paper examines linguistic, cognitive, and social factors in the development of an ongoing sound change in Andalusian Spanish related to the crosslinguistically well-known process of syllable coda lenition. The resyllabification of word internal /-s/ when followed by dental plosive /t/, in words such as lingüística [liŋ⋅ˈgujs⋅ti⋅ka] ‘linguistics’ realized as [liŋ⋅ˈguj⋅tsi⋅ka], results in an affricate sound [ts] that may be indexed in different ways within the speech community. Findings are reported from a trend study of two sample surveys separated by a twenty-year time gap, acoustic analysis, and two perception experiments. Acoustic phonetics, historical linguistics, theoretical phonology, and sociolinguistic studies provide the theoretical background to help explain the development of this sound change and its connection with other phonological features of Andalusian Spanish. Development of the affricate allophone is a natural outcome consistent with universal constraints boosted by the recent emergence of a regional koine, where its indexicality is undetermined.
A Radio Detection Survey of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies using Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry at 22 GHz

We conducted a high-sensitivity radio detection survey for forty narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies using very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) at 22 GHz through phase-referencing long-time integration and using a newly developing recorder with a data rate of 8 Gbps, which is a candidate of the next generation VLBI data recording systems for the Japanese VLBI Network. The baseline sensitivity was typically a few mJy. The observations resulted in a detection rate of 12/40 for our radio-selected NLS1 sample; 11 out of the detected 12 NLS1s showed inverted radio spectra between 1.4 and 22 GHz on the basis of the Very Large Array flux densities and the VLBI detections. These high fractions suggest that a compact radio core with a high brightness temperature is frequently associated with NLS1 nuclei. On the other hand, at least half of the sample indicated apparently steep spectra even with the limited VLBI sensitivity. Both the inverted and steep spectrum radio sources are included in the NLS1 population.
Humor Can Increase Perceived Communicator Effectiveness Regardless of Race, Gender, and Expertise—If You are Funny Enough

Across a wide range of issues and a variety of sources, scientific information often gets lost in translation, failing to properly inform, educate, and engage publics in a meaningful way. But science communication is like a wine—it is better when it is outside the box. One promising tactic for more effective scientific communication is the use of humor to both engage and educate less interested and knowledgeable citizens on important topics. Here, we investigate whether the identity of a speaker influences perceptions of their effectiveness at connecting with and engaging public audiences. We conducted a 2 (Gender: Female vs. Male) × 2 (Race: Black Speaker vs. White Speaker) × 2 (Credentials: Scientist vs. Comedian) between-subjects experiment and found that race and gender of the source, relative to their credentials, were not significant factors for predicting the perceptions of communicator effectiveness. We also found that experienced humor, or mirth, moderated the relationship between the speaker’s credentials and perceived effectiveness. We discuss the implications of our findings for science communication research and practice.
M5-branes and Wilson surfaces in AdS$_{7}$/CFT$_{6}$ correspondence

We study AdS$_{7}$/CFT$_{6}$ correspondence between M-theory on AdS$_{7} \times S^{4}$ and the 6D $\mathcal{N} = (2,0)$ superconformal field theory. In particular we focus on Wilson surfaces. We use the conjecture that the (2,0) theory compactified on $S^{1}$ is equivalent to the 5D maximal super Yang-Mills (MSYM) and Wilson surfaces wrapping this $S^1$ correspond to Wilson loops in 5D MSYM. The Wilson loops in 5D MSYM obtained by the localization technique result in the Chern-Simons matrix model. We calculate the expectation values of Wilson surfaces in large rank symmetric representations and anti-symmetric representations by using this result. In the gravity side, the expectation values for probe M5-branes wrapping submanifolds of the background are computed. Consequently we find new, non-trivial evidence for the AdS$_{7}$/CFT$_{6}$ correspondence that the results in the gravity side perfectly agree with those in the CFT side.
Kantorovich-Rubinstein metric based level-set methods for inverting modulus of gravity-force data

We propose to use the Kantorovich-Rubinstein (K-R) metric as a novel misﬁt function for the level-set based inverse gravity problems, where modulus of gravity-force data is used. By using the modulus data, we can satisfy the non-negativity requirement of distribution for the K-R metric naturally. Moreover, the K-R metric based level-set method can tolerate high level noise in the modulus data so that we can solve the domain inverse problem of gravimetry to high resolution. We develop the computational framework systematically. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance and eﬀec-tiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Demodex folliculorum Infestation: A Cross-Sectional Study in Peruvian Patients

Background. Demodex folliculorum is a mite that causes human demodicosis, which is characterized by producing lesions on the face, and its infestation could be associated with factors that alter the immune response, including Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between T2D and D. folliculorum infestation in patients attended at a hospital in Peru in 2021. Methods. A cross-sectional study enrolling patients who were classified according to the presence (n = 100) and absence (n = 100) of T2D was conducted. Information was obtained on age, sex, domestic animal husbandry, and symptoms and signs associated with demodicosis. Demodicosis was determined to be present when counts of D. folliculorum greater than five mites per cm2 were found in superficial facial skin biopsies. Results. A frequency of demodicosis in 76 and 35 patients with and without T2D, respectively, was observed. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for confounders age, sex, and domestic animal husbandry, T2D was found to be associated with D. folliculorum infestation (PR: 2.13; 95% CI95: 1.42–3.19). Conclusions. T2D was associated with D. folliculorum infestation. In this sense, it is important to strengthen surveillance to identify of D. folliculorum infestation in people with T2D.
The Physical Connections among Infrared QSOs, Palomar-Green QSOs, and Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies

We study the properties of infrared-selected QSOs (IR QSOs), optically selected Palomar-Green QSOs (PG QSOs), and narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s). We compare their properties from the IR to the optical and examine various correlations among the black hole mass, accretion rate, star formation rate, and optical and IR luminosities. We find that the IR excess in IR QSOs is mostly in the far-IR, and their IR spectral indices suggest that the excess emission is from low-temperature dust heated by starbursts rather than active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The IR excess is therefore a useful criterion to separate the relative contributions of starbursts and AGNs. We further find a tight correlation between the star formation rate and the accretion rate of central AGNs for IR QSOs. The ratio of the star formation rate and the accretion rate is about several hundred for IR QSOs but decreases with the central black hole mass. This shows that the tight correlation between the stellar mass and the central black hole mass is preserved in massive starbursts during violent mergers. We suggest that the higher Eddington ratios of NLS1s and IR QSOs imply that they are in the early stage of evolution toward classical Seyfert 1 galaxies and QSOs, respectively.
Effect of impurities on the mobility of single crystal pentacene

We have obtained a hole mobility for the organic conductor pentacene of μ=35 cm2/V s at room temperature increasing to μ=58 cm2/V s at 225 K. These high mobilities result from a purification process in which 6,13-pentacenequinone was removed by vacuum sublimation. The number of traps is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with conventional methods. The temperature dependence of the mobility is consistent with the band model for electronic transport.