Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Airway Obstruction with Blunt Neck Trauma from an Accidental High Tackle in Rugby

Blunt neck trauma can cause airway obstruction with pneumomediastinum and neck subcutaneous emphysema, necessitating early management. Abstract Blunt neck trauma is an uncommon condition in sports yet life-threatening if left untreated; hence, early diagnosis and management is necessary once suspected. We report a collegiate rugby player tackled around the neck during intersquad scrimmage. He broke his cricoid and thyroid cartilage, resulting in cervical subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum and eventually, airway obstruction. Thus, he underwent cricothyroidotomy and emergency tracheotomy. After 20 d, the emphysema disappeared. However, dilation failure of the vocal cord remained, thereby requiring laryngeal reconstruction. In conclusion, blunt neck trauma can cause airway obstruction in various sports.
Phase I cardiac rehabilitation with 5-phase music after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: A prospective randomized study

Background: Five-phase music therapy was reported to be effective in the treatment and rehabilitation of several diseases. This study explored the effect of phase I cardiac rehabilitation combined with 5-phase music in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: This prospective pilot study enrolled AMI patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019. The participants were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to the control, cardiac rehabilitation, and rehabilitation-music groups. The primary endpoint was the hospital anxiety and depression scale. The secondary endpoints were the myocardial infarction dimensional assessment scale, self-rating sleep status, 6-minute walk test, and left ventricular ejection fraction. Results: The study included 150 AMI patients (n = 50/group). Hospital anxiety and depression scale showed significant time effects for both anxiety and depression (both P < .05), a treatment effect for depression (P = .02), and an interaction effect for anxiety (P = .02). A time effect was also observed for diet, sleep disorders, 6-minute walk test, and left ventricular ejection fraction (all P < .001). A difference among groups was observed for emotional reaction (P = .001). Interactions effects were observed for diet (P = .01) and sleep disorders (P = .03). Conclusion: Phase I cardiac rehabilitation combined with 5-phase music could alleviate anxiety and depression and improve sleep quality.
Identification microenvironment immune features and key genes in elderly stroke patients

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the signaling pathways and immune microenvironments related to elderly stroke patients. Methods: We downloaded the public transcriptome data (GSE37587) from the gene expression omnibus and divided the patients into young and old groups and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology function analysis, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed and hub genes were identified. Gene-miRNA, gene-TF, and gene-drug networks were constructed using the network analyst database. The immune infiltration score was evaluated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis GSEA, its correlation with age was computed and visualized using R software. Results: We identified 240 DEGs, including 222 upregulated and 18 downregulated DEGs. Gene ontology enrichment was significantly enriched in response to the virus, type I interferon signaling pathway, cytological component, focal adhesion, cell-substrate adherents junction, and the cytosolic ribosome. GSEA identified the following mechanisms: heme metabolism, interferon gamma response, and interferon alpha response. Ten hub genes included interferon alpha-inducible protein 27, human leucocyte antigen-G, interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase 2, interferon alpha-inducible protein 6, interferon alpha-inducible protein 44-like, interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3, interferon regulatory factor 5, myxovirus resistant 1, and interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1. Quantitative analysis of immune infiltration showed that increased age was significantly positively correlated with myeloid-derived suppressor cells and natural killer T cells, and negatively correlated with immature dendritic cells. Conclusion: The present research could help us better understand the molecular mechanisms and immune microenvironment of elderly patients with stroke.
An improved piezoelectric acoustic emission transducer

A piezoelectric transducer has been designed and developed that has promise of being a high fidelity acoustic emission (AE) transducer [T. M. Proctor, Jr., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 68, S568 (1980)]. Small transducer contact area, elimination of acoustical interference effects associated with certain geometries, and redistribution of the arrival times of reflected signals originating from various elements of the transducer were the guiding criteria in the design. This transducer consists of a conical active element and an extended backing. The transducer’s performance has been compared to a line capacitance transducer using surface wave signals. These comparisons indicate an amplitude response which is flat within ±3 dB for the frequency range of 50 kHz to 1 MHz. The over‐all displacement sensitivity is nominally 2×108 V/m. Factors that influence frequency response such as backing geometry and aperture size have been experimentally investigated and results are reported.
Admittance correction factor for coaxially excited cylindrical antennas

A long standing problem in antenna theory has been the accurate determination of the input admittance of coaxially excited antennas. While reasonably accurate results have been obtained for a range of problems using the so called "TEM approximation" for the coaxial aperture electric field, these results nonetheless contain an error of small but unknown extent. By examining the infinite coaxially excited antenna problem this approximation error has been quantified and a simple approximation factor has been deduced. This correction factor is applicable to a range of antenna problems having a coaxial source geometry.
Linear Regime Duration: Is 24 Hours a Long Time in Synoptic Weather Forecasting?

Day-to-day variations in the growth of uncertainty in the current state of the atmosphere have led to operational ensemble weather predictions in which an ensemble of different initial conditions, each perturbed from the best estimate of the current state and yet still consistent with the observations, is forecast. Contrasting competing methods for the selection of ensemble members is a subject of active research; the assumption that the ensemble members represent sufficiently small perturbations so as to evolve within the ‘‘linear regime’’ is implicit to several of these methods. This regime, in which the model dynamics are well represented by a linear approximation, is commonly held to extend to 2 or 3 days for operational forecasts. It is shown that this is rarely the case. A new measure, the relative nonlinearity, which quantifies the duration of the linear regime by monitoring the evolution of ‘‘twin’’ pairs of ensemble members, is introduced. Both European and American ensemble prediction systems are examined; in the cases considered for each system (87 and 25, respectively), the duration of the linear regime is often less than a day and never extends to 2 days. The internal consistency of operational ensemble formation schemes is discussed in light of these results. By decreasing the optimization time, a modified singular vector‐based formation scheme is shown to improve consistency while maintaining traditional skill and spread scores in the seven cases considered. The relevance of the linear regime to issues regarding data assimilation, adaptive observations, and model sensitivity is also noted.
Particle positioning from CCD images: experiments and comparison with the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory

This paper describes the experimental imaging of a spherical particle diffraction pattern obtained in back, forward and side scattering configurations, using illumination from three different beam shapes. The experimental problems encountered for each of the viewing configurations and the theoretical analysis of the diffraction pattern of the particle on its image plane using the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory are discussed. The images obtained are quantitatively compared with calculated results and implications for particle position estimation are discussed.
The opacity of spiral disks

The opacity of the disks of spiral galaxies can be evaluated by studying the gaseous component in edge-on galaxies in several wavelength regions. By combining data of the galaxy NGC 891 at 21 cm (H I), 2.6 mm (CO), and Hα, we show that the outer regions are transparent, while the inner regions, out to the radius to which CO is detected, could be optically thick. For the small galaxy NGC 100, such data indicate that this galaxy is by and large transparent, despite the presence of dust patches in the optical image
A Miniature Turbulence Gauge Utilizing Aerodynamic Lift

An advanced version of the aerofoil probe turbulence gauge is described. The new device uses an axisymmetric lifting body sensor of 2.4 mm diameter coupled directly to a miniature preamplifier unit (6.35 mm diam). The output voltage varies linearly with the v or w component of turbulence. The device has uniform sensitivity and good signal‐to‐noise ratio over a nominal frequency range of 10–10 000 Hz. A discussion of calibration procedures and application considerations is included.
High-Speed Dynamics in InP Based Multiple Quantum Well Lasers

In this paper, the problem of low frequency rolloff and limited bandwidth in long wavelength InP based multiple quantum well (MQW) lasers is discussed by investigating the dependence of resonance frequency and the damping factor on the strain, and structural design of the wells and barriers. To explain the small bandwidth, we use a model of the carrier transport effect with two parts of the carrier density, inside and outside of the quantum wells. The dependence of the K factor on the operating temperature is investigated, and the results of this measurement are found to fully support the proposed carrier transport model. The solutions to this carrier transport problem are discussed. Finally, we propose a measurement method of the intrinsic modulation response free from the carrier transport effect.
Phragmén-Lindelöf theorems for second order quasi-linear elliptic partial differential equations

which need not be uniformly elliptic. The main result is Theorem 1 which roughly says that if u(x) is a subfunction with respect to (1) in a domain D contained in a half space and if u(x) ^ 0 on the boundary of D then either u(x) ^0 throughout D or the maximum of u(x) on a sphere of radius r is of order not less than r"1 for some ? 7>0. Probably the most interesting feature of this theorem is that its proof essentially depends only on the behavior of the functions Unix, p) and/(x, z, p) for YPt = lForf=0 and dimension « = 2 it is shown that 77 = 1. Let D be an unbounded domain contained in a half space of ndimensional Euclidean space and let T be the domain in 2«-dimen-
Optimal control problems governed by a variational inequality via nonlinear Lagrangian methods

In this article, by using nonlinear Lagrangian methods, we study an optimal control problem where the state of the system is defined by a variational inequality problem for monotone type mappings. We obtain one necessary condition and several sufficient conditions for the zero duality gap property between the optimal control problem and its nonlinear Lagrangian dual problem. We show that every weak limit point of a sequence of optimal solutions generated by the power penalty problem is a solution for the optimal control problem. We apply our results to an example where the variational inequality leads to a linear elliptic obstacle problem. §Dedicated to Prof. N.U. Ahmed on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
Study of conduction mechanism and electroluminescence in CdSe/ZnS quantum dot composites

Charge transport and electroluminesence properties of colloidally synthesized CdSe/ZnS core–shell nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) were studied. Nanocrystals were prepared using the conventional technique of pyrolisis of organometallic reagents in a hot coordinating solvent medium. Thin film diodes were produced by depositing a layer of QDs on top of a layer of conducting polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate followed by the deposition of a metal electrode. For all the metals used in this study only a small rectification could be observed upon reversing the bias. The efficiency of the light generation showed strong dependence on the work function and bias of the metal electrodes, indicating that light generation in these devices is a result of recombination of injected holes and electrons. Assuming that the charge transport is due mainly to electrons, the voltage dependence of the current in QD composites could be explained by space charge limited current (SCLC) in the presence of .
Continuous robust control for aeroelastic vibration control of a 2-D airfoil under unsteady flow

In this paper, a particular class of 2-D aeroelastic systems accounting for structural nonlinearities in pitching displacement and operating in an unsteady aerodynamic incompressible flowfield description is considered. By using the flap hinge torque of a trailing-edge flap surface as the control input, a continuous controller is proposed to suppress the aeroelastic vibrations of the wing section model. The control design based on the choice of the pitching angle as the output variable yields a semi-global asymptotic stability result. Furthermore, the system is theoretically shown to be robust to external disturbances. Numerical simulation results verify the efficacy of the proposed control strategy toward suppressing aeroelastic vibration in both pre- and post-flutter flight speed regimes under a multitude of external disturbances.
Some aspects of the Trotter – Kato theorem

Abstract - The classical proof of the Trotter - Kato theorem also provides rate estimates for smooth initial data. We discuss the possibilities to reduce the so-called smoothness gap for special types of semigroups as, for instance, analytic semigroups. Furthermore, we show that the assumption of stability of the approximating semigroups can be relaxed if at the same time the consistency requirement is replaced by a stronger assumption. Finally, we give a proof for a ‘folk’ theorem for nonhomogeneous problems which repeatedly was proved under stronger assumptions than necessary.
TOGA-TAO: A Moored Array for Real-time Measurements in the Tropical Pacific Ocean

The importance of the EI Nino-Southern Oscillation phenomenon in year-to-year fluctuations of the global climate has led to efforts to improve the real-time ocean observing system in the tropical Pacific. One element of this improved system is the TOGA-TAO (Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean) Array of wind and upper ocean thermistor chain moorings. This array, the result of an international effort, has I already provided the rudiments of a basin-wide, real-time observing system and plans call for a major enhancement during the second half of the TOGA decade. The development of the TAO array is discussed, recent results from the pilot measurements are described, and plans for the expanded array are presented.
Simulation of breakdown in air using cellular automata with streamer to leader transition

We propose a new discrete stochastic model for computer simulation of the lightning process and the breakdown process in long gaps in gaseous dielectrics. In this model we used cellular automata. Two different states of a conductive structure that correspond to streamers and channels of very high conductivity (leader phase) are introduced. The conductivity of the streamers is assumed to be negligible in comparison with highly conductive channels. The electric-field potential is obtained by solving the Laplace equation in a region outside the equipotential, highly conductive part of the structure. As the streamer growth criteria we use two multi-element models in which several conductive bonds can arise at each time step. The growth is stochastic in time, and the probability of streamer formation is proportional to a certain function of local electric field r(E) that depends on the properties of the dielectric. If the energy released in a segment of the streamer is larger than a certain critical value, the streamer transforms to a highly conductive phase. Patterns of conductive trees are obtained in computer simulations of breakdown under various conditions.
HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

Aim/Purpose This article seeks answers to the following: (1) What describes a ‘sense of belonging’, inclusiveness, and well-being for students? (2) Which aspects of blended learning, synchronous and asynchronous, promote students’ ‘sense of belonging’? and (3) What are the state-of-the-art best practices for creating inclusive curriculum design for blended learning? Background For university students, experiencing a strong ‘sense of belonging’ with their learning communities is a reliable predictor of academic adjustment and program success. The disruption to usual teaching modes caused by the COVID pandemic has diminished opportunities for social engagement among students and their teachers, intensifying the need to encourage students’ belongingness as being ever more important. Methodology This article surveys the literature, preand post-COVID, using two complementary search techniques: (1) a systematic scoping review, a top-down strategy, and (2) snowballing, a bottom-up approach, seeking the answers to the three research questions above. Contribution The synthesis presented in the paper provides answers to these questions influenced, in part, by the Community of Inquiry framework and the Universal Design for Learning guidelines. Further, based on our findings from this investigation we offer a set of salient attributes of best practices in designing curriculum for blended learning environments, that is inclusive and fosters a sense of belonging for higher education students Attributes of Blended Learning Environments 130 Findings We discovered that belongingness is different for various cohorts. Further, many interventions to improve student wellbeing, and learning experiences on and offline, were built around social, teaching, and cognitive presences. Additionally, our investigation found that blended learning, regardless of the proportion of online versus offline instruction, was generally a positive influence on academic outcomes and student learning. Recommendations for Practitioners The set of attributes presented offers practical and helpful approaches to improve curriculum design to promote higher education students’ sense of belonging. Recommendations for Researchers We highlight the lack of specificity in the literature regarding synchronous versus asynchronous learning pedagogy that promotes inclusiveness and a sense of belonging, and we detail our plans for future work will attempt to address this omission. Impact on Society As a result of the COVID pandemic, many higher education institutions made a sudden and rapid transition to online learning exclusively. As institutions start the move back to more traditional modes of learning, this paper highlights the considerations to be made in using blended learning environments. Future Research Our plans include seeking student and academic advice and feedback on approaches that foster a sense of belonging for higher education students.
Enlightening Global Dimming and Brightening

A fundamental determinant of climate and life on our planet is the solar radiation (sunlight) incident at the Earth's surface. Any change in this precious energy source affects our habitats profoundly. Until recently, for simplicity and lack of better knowledge, the amount of solar radiation received at the Earth's surface was assumed to be stable over the years. However, there is increasing observational evidence that this quantity undergoes significant multidecadal variations, which need to be accounted for in discussions of climate change and mitigation strategies. Coherent periods and regions with prevailing declines (“dimming”) and inclines (“brightening”) in surface solar radiation have been detected in the worldwide observational networks, often in accord with anthropogenic air pollution patterns. The present synthesis provides in a nutshell the main characteristics of this phenomenon, a conceptual framework for its causes, and an overview of potential environmental implications. The latest develop.
Lee waves in stratified flows with simple harmonic time dependence

The process of internal gravity wave generation by the simple harmonic flow (U = U0, cos ω0t) of a stably stratified fluid (Brunt–Väisälä frequency N) over an obstacle is investigated in some detail. Attention is primarily directed to the behaviour of the solution in various limiting cases, and to estimating the flux of energy into the internal wave field. In general, waves are generated not only at the fundamental frequency ω0, but also at all of its harmonics. But, for values of ω0/N greater than about one half, the waves of fundamental frequency are dominant. For values of ω0/N, less than about one half, the quasi-static approximation, in which the problem is considered as a slowly-varying version of the classical lee wave problem, is found to provide a viable estimate for the wave field. The general solution is found to compare favourably with the limited available experimental data.