Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Landscape Topography and Quaternary Overburden on the Performance of a Geological Repository of Nuclear Waste

Abstract The topographical driving forces for groundwater on different spatial scales in several ways influence the performance of a repository for nuclear waste located at large depth in crystalline bedrock. We show that the relation between local topographical characteristics (topographical steepness and wavelengths) in the area of a repository (kilometer scale) and the large-scale (hundreds of kilometers) surroundings, together with repository depth, are the primary controls of residence time distributions and the discharge pattern of radionuclides released from an underground repository. In addition, the topography affects the groundwater flow at repository depth and, therefore, influences the long-time degradation of the repository. In the areas studied, all located in Sweden, the local topography mainly controls the groundwater flow down to a depth of ˜500 m, which is the suggested depth of the Swedish repository. The importance of the large-scale topography increases with depth but even at depth where local-scale topography is dominant, the continental-scale topography affects length and depth of flowpaths as well as groundwater velocities. The impact of large-scale topography is particularly clear in areas where the steepness of local-scale landforms is relatively small. The study also shows that quaternary deposits (bedrock overburden) may have a significant impact on the overall residence times in the underground because of their hydraulic and sorption properties. This effect is further enhanced by the fact that flow paths originating from repository depth generally emerge in topographical lows with relatively deep layers of quaternary deposits. The findings of this study underscore the need to consider multiscale topographical characteristics as well as bedrock overburden in assessments of radiological consequences of underground repositories.
Application of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for targeted and non-targeted analysis in toxic and edible mushrooms

Trabalho realizado sob a orientacao da Doutora Paula Guedes de Pinho – REQUIMTE, Laboratorio de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas da Faculdade de Farmacia da Universidade do Porto; e co-orientacao do Professor Doutor Felix Carvalho – Laboratorio de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas da Faculdade de Farmacia da Universidade do Porto; e da Professora Doutora Paula Baptista – CIMO/Escola Superior Agraria do Instituto Politecnico de Braganca.
COVI-Prim survey: Challenges for Austrian and German general practitioners during initial phase of COVID-19

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a significant challenge to health care systems around the world. A well-functioning primary care system is crucial in epidemic situations as it plays an important role in the development of a system-wide response. Methods: 2,187 Austrian and German GPs answered an internet suvey on preparedness, testing, staff protection, perception of risk, self-confidence, a decrease in the number of patient contacts, and efforts to control the spread of the virus in the practice during the early phase of the COVID-pandemic (3rd to 30th April). Results: The completion rate of the questionnaire was high (90.9%). GPs gave low ratings to their preparedness for a pandemic, testing of suspected cases and efforts to protect staff. The provision of information to GPs and the perception of risk were rated as moderate. On the other hand, the participants rated their self-confidence, a decrease in patient contacts and their efforts to control the spread of the disease highly. Conclusion: Primary care is an important resource for dealing with a pandemic like COVID-19. The workforce is confident and willing to take an active role, but needs to be provided with the appropriate surrounding conditions. This will require that certain conditions are met. Registration: Trial registration at the German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00021231 Primary Funding Source: The study was financed by the cooperating University Institutes without any external financial support.
Størkning av 75\% ferrosilisium : forløp, struktur og styrke

The aim of the work is to carry out a fundamental study on the solidification of 75% ferrosilicon cast under different conditions. It is attempted to predict resulting properties of the alloy such as gram size and segregation.This research work is divided in four main topics. Each topic starts with a theoretical introduction. Then the experimental work and the results are presented.The first part presents temperature-time results from eleven experiment. The accuracy of the measurements is evaluated. The results are used to describe solidification of different casting methods. The cooling rate through the mushy (two-phase) zone is varied from 0.2 °C/min to 1170 °C/min. Eutectic solidification and solid state reaction are discussed. An important result is the recognition that the solid state reaction ( consist of two reactions. The first reaction seems to be harmful to the structure, Normally the reaction only reach the equilibrium-state after a prolonged heat treatment.The second part of the thesis report macro-segregation in cast ferrosilicon which have a vertical heat flux. The Silicon-content in one cast have been found to vary from 65.7% Si to 83.2% Si. The difference between segregation in top and bottom cooled solidification is described. A simple model for segregation with solidification from the top is presented.The third part consist of numerical calculations of the temperature-time histories of different positions in the ingots. Three cases have been computed and measured. Heat transfer from the surface of the block controls the cooling rate. Modelling results for one and three dimensional calculation are given. The heat transfer resistance from the metal to the mould is an important factor in the models.The last part of the thesis reports results concerning structure and strength of 75% ferrosiicon, The gram diameter for 75% ferrosilicon are measured and computed with a grain-coarsening model based on the theory of Kattamis and Flemings. The gram diameter (in i m) is given as a function of the local solidification time (in seconds) as:Gram diameter = 31.5 (Solidification time) 1”3Abrasion strength and compression strength are measured. Small gram size and high Silicon-content seems to favour high strength of the solid ferrosilicon.
The variation of genome sites associated with severe COVID-19 across populations: the worldwide and national pattern

Background. The knowledge of clinically relevant markers distribution might become a useful tool in COVID-19 therapy using personalized approach in the lack of unified recommendations for COVID-19 patients management during pandemic. We aimed to identify the frequencies and distribution patterns of rs11385942 and rs657152 polymorphic markers, associated with severe COVID-19, among populations of the world, as well at the national level within Russia. The study was also dedicated to reveal whether population frequencies of both polymorphic markers are associated with COVID-19 cases, recovery and death rates. Methods. We genotyped 1883 samples from 91 ethnic populations from Russia and neighboring countries by rs11385942 and rs657152 markers. Local populations which were geographically close and genetically similar were pooled into 28 larger groups. In the similar way we compiled a dataset on the other regions of the globe using genotypes extracted or imputed from the available datasets (32 populations worldwide). The differences in alleles frequencies between groups were estimated and the frequency distribution geographic maps have been constructed. We run the correlation analysis of both markers frequencies in various populations with the COVID-19 epidemiological data on the same populations. Findings. The cartographic analysis revealed that distribution of rs11385942 follows the West Eurasian pattern: it is frequent in Europeans, West Asians, and particularly in South Asians but rare or absent in all other parts of the globe. Notably, there is no abrupt changes in frequency across Eurasia but the clinal variation instead. The distribution of rs657152 is more homogeneous. Higher population frequencies of both risk alleles correlated positively with the death rate. For the rs11385942 we can state the tendency only (r=0.13, p=0.65), while for rs657152 the correlation was significantly high (r=0.59, p=0.02). These reasonable correlations were obtained on the Russian dataset, but not on the world dataset. Interpretation. Using epidemiological statistics on Russia and neighboring countries we revealed the evident correlation of the risk alleles frequencies with the death rate from COVID-19. The lack of such correlations at the world level should be attributed to the differences in the ways epidemiological data have been counted in different countries. So that, we believe that genetic differences between populations make small but real contribution into the heterogeneity of the pandemic worldwide. New studies on the correlations between COVID-19 recovery/mortality rates and population's gene pool are urgently needed.
EVALUATION OF NUISANCE DUST HEALTH EFFECTS ON THE WORKERS IN A TILE INDUSTRY

t é ù î ö ò ô o Ñ @ å ó n Û ú ô ó A A t Z î I ö |ô B û é k Q æ Ï } B é ç f Î Ã x â |é R é g a ó è ò P̂ õ ù u A S , ò f Î Ã é g ù̧ t ø y R ò ô ë |b î ù ï A t n ø o Û B ÷ |ô B û A Ò Q a B n û , é ó r n H g X ò H s r x ú Ò s A r é ú |Û ù s n . Å â |ò ÷ H s Z î I ö |ô B û Í ó Õ , H g X A V s A S @ å ó n Û ú ô ó A H s x â |é Q ú } B É æ ù ï ø Ø ú A t é I B f X é õ ë ò é î μ I Ô H s r x B å R Ö B r } î B x B ñ ò é Q k a a B ñ H õ o A } R f s Í ö |A û é ú |H B } o . P g Ó ù Ô f B ® s , H B ô o Ñ P Æ ù ù ï P s A Ö ë Û s n ò É I B r ò H s r x ú Å â |ø ë H õ o A } Q ú í B } ú A t @ ñ n r ø Ù Ö B r j B í ö Ö B } ú | x B t û A Z s A Û s n ø o .
Metal Oxide Chemistry and Synthesis: From Solution to Solid State

INORGANIC CONDENSATION. Water and Cations in Aqueous Solution. Condensation and Precipitation in Aqueous Solution. Olation: Polycations and Solid Phases. Oxolation Polyanions and Solid Phases. Complexation and Condensation. SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF OXIDES. Oxide--Solution Interface. Modeling of the Oxide--Solution Interface. Stability of Colloidal Dispersions. Interface Reactions and Adsorption. Index.
Clinical characteristics of Duane's retraction syndromeIII

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and treatment for DRSⅢ. Methods 8 cases with DRSⅢ were summarized retrospectively,The data collected included ocular deviation,versions,abnormal head position(AHP),degree of strabismus and treatment methods.Results 8 cases consisted of 7 exotropia and 1 esotropia.Lateral or medial rectus recession of affected eye may improve abnormal head position,retraction and narrowing of the palpebral fissure.After the operation,horizontal tropia was less 10 prism diopters.Conclusion DRSⅢ is misdiagnosed for the differernt clinical characteristics.The full clinical knowledge of DRSⅢ can help to diagnose and treat. Key words: Duane's retraction syndrome; reat; eye
A Comparison of Three Educational Interventions on Breast Self-Examination Knowledge and Health Beliefs

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of various training methods for breast self-examination (BSE) knowledge, practice, and health beliefs. Methods: The quasi-experimental investigation was carried out in an area where two community health care centers are located, in the city of Trabzon, Turkey. Divided randomly into three groups, 1,342 women were instructed in BSE using individual or group training or by way of pamphlets. Data were gathered in four stages: during the pretraining and one month, six months, and twelve months after training. Results: All of the training methods used in the study produced a significant increase in the participants’ BSE knowledge, but individually trained women scored higher than did the others. Regardless of the training method, BSE instruction improved the women’s perceived confidence and benefits, while their perceived barriers declined. The variables influencing BSE practice were found to be BSE practice at the pretraining period, perceived confidence in and benefits from BSE six months after BSE instruction, and health motivation one year after training. No significant difference was found in women’s BSE performance scores one year after training. Conclusion: This study in which three training methods were used enabled us to assess the effectiveness of instruction on BSE performance and competence. In addition, it provided us with valuable information on how training methods can influence health beliefs related to BSE.
The effectiveness of the three tier system of local restrictions for control of COVID-19

Despite it being over 10 months since COVID-19 was first reported to the world and it having caused over 1.3 million deaths it is still uncertain how the virus can be controlled whilst minimising the negative impacts on society and the economy. On the 14th October England introduced a three-tier system of regional restrictions in an attempt to control the epidemic. This lasted until the 5th November when a new national lockdown was imposed. Tier 1 was the least and tier 3 the most restrictive tiers. We used publicly available data of daily cases by local authority (local government areas) and estimated the reproductive rate (R value) of the epidemic over the previous 14 days at various time points after the imposition of the tier system or where local authorities were moved into higher tiers at time points after reallocation. At day 0 there vas very little difference in the R value between authorities in the different groups but by day 14 the R value in tier 3 authorities had fallen to about 0.9, in tier 2 to about 1.0 and in tier 1 the R value was about 1.5. The restrictions in tier 1 had little impact on transmission and allowed exponential growth in the large majority of authorities. By contrast the epidemic was declining in most tier 3 authorities. In tier 2, exponential growth was being seen in about half of authorities but declining in half. We concluded that the existing three tier system would have been sufficient to control the epidemic if all authorities had been moved out of tier 1 into tier 2 and there had been more rapid identification and transfer of those authorities where the epidemic was increasing out of tier 2 into tier 3. A more restrictive tier than tier 3 may be needed but only by a small number of authorities.
A Bayesian network approach to knowledge integration and representation of farm irrigation: 2. Model validation

For models to be useful, they need to adequately describe the systems they represent. The probabilistic nature of Bayesian network models has traditionally meant that model validation is difficult. In this paper we present a process to validate Inteca‐Farm, a Bayesian network model of farm irrigation that we described in the first paper of this series. We assessed three aspects of the quality of model predictions, namely, bias, accuracy, and skill, for the two variables for which validation data are available directly or indirectly. We also examined model predictions for any systematic errors. The validation results show that the bias and accuracy of the two validated variables are within acceptable tolerances and that systematic errors are minimal. This suggests that Inteca‐Farm is a plausible representation of farm irrigation system in the Shepparton Irrigation Region of northern Victoria, Australia.
'I had made the decision, and no one was going to stop me': Facilitators of PrEP adherence during pregnancy and postpartum in Cape Town, South Africa

Introduction HIV incidence is high during pregnancy and postpartum in many settings. PrEP is safe and effective but requires adherence during potential HIV exposure, yet the facilitators of high maternal adherence are not well understood in high HIV burden settings. Methods We conducted semi structured interviews with women who reported high adherence (PrEP use >25 days in last 30-days) within a PrEP service for pregnant and postpartum women located in a large primary care facility in a high HIV burden township. Topics for interviews included: individual/interpersonal risk, disclosure, anticipated PrEP stigma, safety, side effects, and facility level factors effecting adherence. A thematic approach guided an iterative process of coding (reviewed to ensure intercoder reliability) and analysis using NVivo 12. Results We interviewed 25 postpartum women with high PrEP adherence who were on PrEP for a median of 9-months, median age 26-years, and median baseline gestational age 24-weeks. Themes identified as key drivers of optimal PrEP use were HIV risk perception, primarily due to partners perceived risky sexual behaviors and unknown serosatus, and a strong desire to have a baby free of HIV. Reported disclosure of PrEP use to family, partners and friends facilitated PrEP adherence. Women continued PrEP postpartum because they felt empowered by PrEP and did not want to go backwards and increase their HIV risk as before PrEP. Women who reported high adherence all discussed having community support and reminders to take PrEP on time. The primary barriers were anticipated or experienced stigma, which most overcame through education of partners/family about PrEP. Pregnant women experienced transient side effects, but found ways to continue, including taking PrEP at night. Women believed PrEP education and counselling were accessible when integrated into antenatal care which contributed to continued PrEP use. Conclusions Facilitators of optimal PrEP use through pregnancy and postpartum included fear of HIV acquisition for self and infant, mostly due to partner sexual behaviors and unknown serostatus, along with PrEP disclosure, and encouragement from partners and family. PrEP programs for pregnant and postpartum women should integrate strategies to assist women with realistic appraisals of risk and teach skills for securing support for significant others.
Comportement rhéologique des fluides à seuil aérés

Nous etudions le comportement rheologique de suspensions de bulles dans un fluide a seuil. Des suspensions modeles sont formulees par l'incorporation de bulles d'air monodisperses dans un fluide a seuil modele, qui se comporte comme un solide visco-elastique pour de faibles deformations et s'ecoule en suivant une loi de Herschel-Bulkley si la contrainte appliquee est superieure a sa contrainte seuil. Nous caracterisons le module complexe, la contrainte seuil et la loi de comportement en ecoulement de ces fluides a seuil aeres modeles. Pour des fractions volumiques en gaz inferieures a la fraction critique de percolation des bulles dans le fluide a seuil, la reponse macroscopique des suspensions de bulles est le resultat d'un couplage entre la rheologie du fluide a seuil interstitiel et la capillarite qui s'exerce a la surface des bulles. Les grandeurs rheologiques mesurees sur les suspensions decroissent d'autant plus avec la fraction volumique en gaz que les effets capillaires sont faibles. L'introduction de plusieurs nombres capillaires permet de quantifier ce couplage et de comparer les resultats experimentaux obtenus a une estimation micro-mecanique. Au-dela de la fraction volumique critique de percolation des bulles, le materiau aere devient une mousse de fluide a seuil dans laquelle le fluide a seuil interstitiel est confine dans les bords de Plateau. Ce confinement entraine l'apparition d'effets de taille finie lorsque la mousse de fluide a seuil est cisaillee, et la reponse macroscopique de la mousse depend de la microstructure du fluide a seuil interstitiel
Sonographic elastography combined with conventional sonography: how much is it helpful for diagnostic performance?

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of conventional sonography combined with sonographic elastography for differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions and to assess the diagnostic performance with two types of interpretation criteria for sonographic elastography. Methods. For this study, we included 281 lesions from 267 patients that were diagnosed as benign or malignant by sonographically guided biopsy and prospectively analyzed by conventional sonography and sonographic elastography from October to December 2007. The histopathologic results from sonographically guided biopsy were used as a reference standard. The final assessments were made prospectively on the basis of conventional sonography alone and then by sonographic elastography combined with conventional sonography. The diagnostic performance using area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (Az) was compared on the basis of conventional sonography alone and on elastography combined with conventional sonography. We also calculated the area ratio of lesions detected by elastography and the elasticity score reported by Itoh et al (Radiology 2006; 239:341–350). Results. The areas under the ROC curve for conventional sonography and the combination of conventional sonography and sonographic elastography were 0.927 and 0.876, respectively. The area ratio of the lesion had better diagnostic performance (Az, 0.757) than the elasticity score (Az, 0.54; P < .05). Conclusions. The diagnostic performance of radiologists with respect to the characterization of breast masses as benign or malignant was not significantly improved with sonographic elastography. The area ratio of the lesion had a better diagnostic value in elastography than the elasticity score.
Immune Reconstitution Following Myeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The Impact of Expanding CD28 neg CD8 + T-Cells on Relapse.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation has become standard therapy for haematological malignancies through the positive immunologic graft-versus-leukaemia effect. Initial immune recovery relies on peripheral expansion of infused T-cells which switch to a memory-like phenotype. This study prospectively investigated whether changes in subset composition precedes late complications after myeloablative HLA-matched transplantation. Of 80 recipients, 51 experienced neither early infection nor acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), of whom 18 were still free of clinical complication throughout 395 – 1564 days of follow-up. Compared with this complication-free subgroup, patients who developed chronic GVHD as the only event recovered similar numbers of circulating T-cells with predominance of CD8 + T-cells lacking CC-chemokine receptor-7 and CD28 expression. Conversely, poor CD8 + T-cell recovery with diminished numbers of CD28 neg CD8 + T-cells (~1/4 th of that of relapse-free patients) preceded occurrence of relapse. In multivariate analysis, lower CD28 neg CD8 + T-cell counts by day 60 were associated with greater risk of subsequent relapse (HR 0.33; 95% CI 0.14 - 0.76; P = 0.01). Enumeration of CD28 neg CD8 + T-cells in patients without early clinical complication could assist in predicting risk of relapse and help build an algorithm for accelerating the immune recovery by reducing the immunosuppressive regimen and considering the introduction of prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusions.
The body image workbook: An eight-step program for learning to like your looks, 2nd ed.

the body image workbook an eight step program for learning to like your looks are a good way to achieve details about operating certainproducts. Many products that you buy can be obtained using instruction manuals. These user guides are clearlybuilt to give step-by-step information about how you ought to go ahead in operating certain equipments. Ahandbook is really a user's guide to operating the equipments. Should you loose your best guide or even the productwould not provide an instructions, you can easily obtain one on the net. You can search for the manual of yourchoice online. Here, it is possible to work with google to browse through the available user guide and find the mainone you'll need. On the net, you'll be able to discover the manual that you might want with great ease andsimplicity