Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explicit Exact Solutions of the (2+1)-Dimensional Integro-Differential Jaulent-Miodek Evolution Equation Using the Reliable Methods

In this article, we utilize the - expansion method and the Jacobi elliptic equation method to analytically solve the (2â€‰+â€‰1)-dimensional integro-differential Jaulentâ€“Miodek equation for exact solutions. The equation is shortly called the Jaulentâ€“Miodek equation, which was first derived by Jaulent and Miodek and associated with energy-dependent SchrA¶dinger potentials (Jaulent and Miodek, 1976; Jaulent, 1976). The equation is converted into a fourth order partial differential equation using a transformation. After applying a traveling wave transformation to the resulting partial differential equation, we obtain an ordinary differential equation which is the main equation to which the both schemes are applied. As a first step, the two methods give us distinguish systems of algebraic equations. The first method provides exact traveling wave solutions including the logarithmic function solutions of trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, and polynomial functions. The second approach provides the Jacobi elliptic function solutions depending upon their modulus values. Some of the obtained solutions are graphically characterized by the distinct physical structures such as singular periodic traveling wave solutions and peakons. A comparison between our results and the ones obtained from the previous literature is given. Obtaining the exact solutions of the equation shows the simplicity, efficiency, and reliability of the used methods, which can be applied to other nonlinear partial differential equations taking place in mathematical physics.
High‐order implicit time integration for unsteady incompressible flows

The spatial discretization of unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is stated as a system of differential algebraic equations, corresponding to the conservation of momentum equation plus the constraint due to the incompressibility condition. Asymptotic stability of Runge–Kutta and Rosenbrock methods applied to the solution of the resulting index‐2 differential algebraic equations system is analyzed. A critical comparison of Rosenbrock, semi‐implicit, and fully implicit Runge–Kutta methods is performed in terms of order of convergence and stability. Numerical examples, considering a discontinuous Galerkin formulation with piecewise solenoidal approximation, demonstrate the applicability of the approaches and compare their performance with classical methods for incompressible flows. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determining the dimensions of speech quality from PCA and MDS analysis of the Diagnostic Acceptability Measure

Subjectivejudgmentof quality is basedon an internal multidimensionalperceptualrepresentation.That the quality of any substance,whether it be synthesized speechor a beverage,is multidimensionalshouldnot surprise anyone. A beveragefor instancemight be describedusingthe dimensionsof saltiness, sweetness, temperature, dryness, etc. Different subjects,askedto judgethe overall quality of the beverage,will judge it in different ways basedon their uniquetastesof those dimensions.To deterministically predict the abstract notion of quality, the logical approachwould be to predict constituentdimensionsthat contribute to the overall quality. However,prevalentobjectivemeasures of speechquality [1] attempt to predict the quality unidimensionally, without consideration for various characteristicsof the speechmaterial. In this study, a databaseof DiagnosticAcceptability Measure(DAM) scores is analyzed to determine the dimensionsof speech quality.
Connectivity-Preserving Swarm Teleoperation With A Tree Network

During swarm teleoperation, the operator may threaten the distance-dependent inter-robot communications and, with them, the connectivity of the slave swarm. To prevent the operator from disconnecting the swarm, this paper develops a constructive strategy to dynamically modulate the interconnections of, and the local damping injections at, all slave robots. Lyapunov-based set invariance analysis shows that the strategy preserves all interaction links in the tree network while synchronizing the slave swarm. By properly limiting the impact of the user command rather than rejecting it entirely, the proposed explicit gain update law enables the operator to guide the motion of the slave swarm to the extent to which it does not endanger swarm connectivity. An experiment illustrates that the proposed strategy can maintain the tree network connectivity of a teleoperated swarm.
Community and International Nutrition Understanding the Experience of Food Insecurity by Elders Suggests Ways to Improve Its Measurement 1

A full conceptualization of the elderly food insecurity experience has been lacking, leading to limitations in the definition and measurement of food insecurity in elders. Based on the qualitative analysis of two in-depth interviews 6 mo apart with each of 53 low income urban elders, using principles of grounded theory, the experience of elderly food insecurity was shown to have four components: quantitative, qualitative, psychological and social. The inability to obtain the right foods for health is a new element specific to elders. Common to each of these components were dimensions of severity, time and compromised food choice. Although money is a major cause of food insecurity, elders sometimes have enough money for food but are not able to access food because of transportation or functional limitations, or are not able to use food (i.e., not able to prepare or eat available food) because of functional impairments and health problems. These findings suggest that augmentation of the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (FSSM), a national measure of food insecurity based on research in younger persons, may result in more accurate assessments for elders. We developed 14 new items for possible augmentation and administered them by telephone to these same elders along with the FSSM. Elders were independently classified according to food insecurity status based on their experience from the in-depth interviews, and these definitive criteria were used to evaluate the new and existing items. The results suggest that “couldn’t afford right foods for health” and two policy-relevant immediate causes, “couldn’t get the food I needed” and possibly “unable to prepare,” should be added, although further testing is needed. J. Nutr. 133: 2762–2769,
In-situ measurement of the strength of deforming subglacial till

Abstract The shear strength of deforming till beneath Storglaciären, Sweden, was continuously measured with a new instrument, a “dragometer”. A cylinder with conical ends, roughened with till from the glacier bed, was dragged through the till, and the force on the cylinder was recorded. Consistent with studies of cone penetration in soils, it was assumed that the till behaves as a Coulomb plastic material. This allows the residual strength of the till to be calculated from the measured force. Results from laboratory experiments confirm the validity of the analytical procedure. The average residual strength of the till was ∼55 kPa. A source of error is the potential generation of pore pressure in excess of hydrostatic ahead of the cylinder, which could significantly weaken the till. Calculations indicate that excess pore pressure did not develop during the experiment, but could develop during similar experiments beneath rapidly sliding glaciers with less permeable basal till layers.
Early identification of potential brain death organ donors based on prediction of spontaneous respiratory arrest

Background: This study was designed to build a Nomogarm prediction model of spontaneous respiratory arrest (SRA) in nerocritical patients within 72 hours after brain injury for early identification of potential brain death organ donors. Methods: From October 2017 to May 2019, the neurocritical patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, were enrolled. The occurrence of SRA within 72 hours after brain injury was regarded as the time interest point and grouping factor, factors associated with SRA were screened by univariate and multivariate analysis, and then the Nomogarm prediction model was developed. Finally, the Nomogarm prediction model was tested in the validation set. Results: In training set, univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the midline shift (OR=4.56, 95% 1.8719.21), absent of ambient cistern (OR=4.83, 95% 1.35-16.34), cough reflex absence (OR=3.82, 95% 1.15-12.42), intraventricular hemorrhage (OR=3.16, 95% 1.53-14.52) and serum Na+<125mmol/L (OR=3.06, 95% 1.53-13.44) were associated with SRA within 72 hours. In the training set and validation set, the predicted C index of SRA rate within 72 hours was 0.81 (95% CI 0.76-0.85) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.75-0.83), respectively. Further statistical analysis showed that 140 points, 160 points and 170 points were dangerous cut-off points, of which 140 points, 160 points and 170 points were 30.1%, 65.6% and 93.4% associated with SRA within 72 hours, respectively. Conclusions: Nomogram prediction model based on brain injury assessment parameters can predict the time of SRA in neurocritical patients, and can be used for early identification of potential brain death organ donors.
Future outlook of people living alone with early-stage dementia and their non-resident relatives and friends who support them

Abstract Little is known about the experiences of people living alone with dementia in the community and their non-resident relatives and friends who support them. In this paper, we explore their respective attitudes and approaches to the future, particularly regarding the future care and living arrangements of those living with dementia. The study is based on a qualitative secondary analysis of interviews with 24 people living alone with early-stage dementia in North Wales, United Kingdom, and one of their relatives or friends who supported them. All but four of the dyads were interviewed twice over 12 months (a total of 88 interviews). In the analysis, it was observed that several people with dementia expressed the desire to continue living at home for ‘as long as possible’. A framework approach was used to investigate this theme in more depth, drawing on concepts from the existing studies of people living with dementia and across disciplines. Similarities and differences in the future outlook and temporal orientation of the participants were identified. The results support previous research suggesting that the future outlook of people living with early-stage dementia can be interpreted in part as a response to their situation and a way of coping with the threats that it is perceived to present, and not just an impaired view of time. Priorities for future research are highlighted in the discussion.
The Impact of Personal Bankruptcy on Labor Supply Decisions

The Chapter 7 bankruptcy code was motivated by the notion of a "fresh start," which was justified in part by the Supreme Court on the grounds that it would encourage work incentives. We ask the question, "how does a fresh start affect labor supply? " This question is explored in the context of a model with job search and bankruptcy choices. The model takes into account both the endogeneity and interdependence of decisions in labor and credit markets. The structural approach allows direct assessment of individuals' labor supply responses given their bankruptcy decisions. We find that Chapter 7 filers on average increase labor supply by 12.3%. (Copyright: Elsevier)
Study of ion turbulent transport and profile formations using global gyrokinetic full-f Vlasov simulation

A global gyrokinetic toroidal full-f five-dimensional Vlasov simulation GT5D (Idomura et al 2008 Comput. Phys. Commun. 179 391)is extended including sources and collisions. Long time tokamak micro-turbulence simulations in open system tokamak plasmas are enabled for the first time based on a full-f gyrokinetic approach with self-consistent evolutions of turbulent transport and equilibrium profiles. The neoclassical physics is implemented using the linear Fokker–Planck collision operator, and the equilibrium radial electric field Er is determined self-consistently by evolving equilibrium profiles. In ion temperature gradient driven turbulence simulations in a normal shear tokamak with on-axis heating, key features of ion turbulent transport are clarified. It is found that stiff ion temperature Ti profiles are sustained with globally constant Lti ≡ |Ti/Ti′| near a critical value, and a significant part of the heat flux is carried by avalanches with 1/f type spectra, which suggest a self-organized criticality. The Er shear strongly affects the directions of avalanche propagation and the momentum flux. Non-diffusive momentum transport due to the Er shear stress is observed and a non-zero (intrinsic) toroidal rotation is formed without momentum input near the axis.
Adolescent suicidal behaviors, self rated health and multiple health risk behaviors: Exploring new perspectives in suicide prevention research

We sought to evaluate the extent to which self-rating of health, gender, and the co-occurrence of other health risk behaviors were related to suicidal behaviors among adolescents. Cross-sectional survey data of Colorado middle and high school students aged 12 to 18 years were analyzed using logistic regression. Main outcome variables were suicide ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempt. Predictors included self-rated health, self-reported health behaviors, perception of body image, expression of sadness and hopelessness, self-reported sexual abuse, self-reported access to lethal weapon, and expression of school safety concerns. Adjusted results showed respondents with poor health rating had significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation (OR: 2.22), suicidal planning (OR: 1.35), and suicide attempt (OR: 2.23). Reporting of hopelessness was the most consistent predictor of suicidal behaviors with odds ratios ranging from 5.57 (for suicidal ideation) to 17.40 (for suicidal attempt). Factors associated with different adolescents’ suicidal behaviors were different for boys and girls. Findings suggest the need to consider gender differences as regards self assessment of health in order to improve the effectiveness of suicide interventions among adolescents. Key words: Self-rated health, suicidal behaviors, suicide ideation, suicide attempt, suicide planning, adolescents.
Expression of SMARCB 1 modulates steroid sensitivity in human lymphoblastoid cells : identification of a promoter snp that alters PARP 1 binding and SMARCB 1 expression

Although cure rate of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has surpassed 80%, drug resistance remains a major cause of treatment failure. We previously identified a panel of 33 genes differentially expressed in prednisolone sensitive versus resistant ALL cells from newly diagnosed children. Here we used bioinformatics to identify resistance genes most likely to contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in their promoter region. The highest priority gene was SMARCB1, a core member of the SWI/SNF complex which promotes glucocorticoid effects through nucleosome remodeling. We identified several SNPs in the SMARCB1 promoter in lymphoblastoid cells from 90 individuals in the Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) panel. Among these SNPs, the 2228G > T SNP (allele frequency 9.4%) was the only one that significantly increased reporter activity in human ALL cell lines. Furthermore, we identified nuclear protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1 (PARP1) as a nuclear protein binding to the SMARCB1 promoter and showed that the 2228 SNP significantly altered PARP1 binding affinity. The 2228G > T SNP altered SMARCB1 mRNA and protein levels and a positive association was found between the SMARCB1 mRNA level and both the 2228 genotype and prednisolone sensitivity in CEPH cell lines. Finally, knockdown experiments performed in human ALL cell lines confirmed that lower SMARCB1 expression increased prednisolone resistance. In summary, we provide functional evidence that SMARCB1 is involved in prednisolone resistance and identified a promoter SNP that alters the level of SMARCB1 mRNA and protein expression and the binding of PARP1 to the SMARCB1 promoter.
Strategizing and the Initiation of Interorganizational Collaboration through Prospective Resourcing

In this paper, we explain how managers establish resource complementarity during their strategizing efforts for interorganizational collaboration. Based on a longitudinal field study at an automotive company, we show that resource complementarity is not given but jointly constructed in interactions with multiple potential partners through recursive cycles of what we refer to as 'prospective resourcing'. Prospective resourcing mediates the interplay of strategizing and collaboration, thereby reversing the prevailing logic that strategy precedes and determines collaboration. Our findings offer insight into resourcing as a mechanism for developing strategic initiatives and shows how external actors may influence strategizing.
Exploring Gender Disparity in Nutritional Status and Dietary Intake of Adolescents in Uttarkashi

Adolescence is considered to be a nutritionally vulnerable period of life. The current cross-sectional study attempts to assess gender-based differences in nutritional status and dietary intake of a sample of 240 adolescents from Uttarkashi district in the state of Uttarakhand. The data were collected across two schools (Kendriya Vidyalaya, Manera, and Alpine Public School) of Uttarkashi. The nutritional status of each subject was evaluated by using two anthropometric indices, that is, weight-for-age and height-for-age, and derived indices expressed as z-scores by using the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference data. Dietary intake was ascertained by employing 24-h dietary intake for 3 consecutive days. The results show an increasing trend of mean height and weight of adolescent boys and girls with advancing age. Gender wise, however, boys had higher prevalence of underweight than girls, whereas girls were slightly more stunted compared to boys. The dietary intake of energy, iron, calcium and protein was significantly higher in boys than their female counterparts. Despite an advantage in terms of dietary intake, an enhanced prevalence of underweight among boys may be attributed to difference in physical activity between both sexes, owing to gendered cultural setting.
Soil properties and biochemical composition of ground‐dwelling bee nests in agricultural settings

Funding information OregonStateUniversity’sAgricultural ResearchFoundation Abstract Soils deliver under-recognized ecosystem services by supplying habitat for ground-dwelling pollinators, such as wild bees and other organisms, that pollinate 80% of insect-pollinated plants and play a critical role in securing resilient pollination provisions. Our objective is to identify soil properties of groundnesting bee nests in agricultural settings of western Oregon. We confirmed ground-nesting bee and sand wasp activity in seven agricultural sites and one recreational park. Soils from 17 bee and sand wasp nests were analyzed for pH, particle size distribution, and carbon and nitrogen content. We visually confirmed that eight of the nesting bees were sweat bees from the Halictidae family and identified a captured bee specimen as Lasioglossum (Dialictus) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). We located two sites with sand wasps where specimens were identified as Cerceris and Bembix (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). The organic matter composition of three soil samples scraped from the linings of active nests was assessed using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). The FTICR-MS results identified unknown lipid compounds in the nest soil samples, which we hypothesize are waterproofing lipids secreted to line cell walls. Bee nests occurred in slightly acidic, bareground soils with low rock/vegetation coverage and low organic carbon content (<1%) and exhibited significantly higher silt-plus-clay fractions (>80%) vs. data published for bee nests in prior work. Our findings present important implications for textural controls on nest site selection in wet, cool environments and demonstrate the importance of integrating soil properties to improve our understanding of ground-dwelling organisms and associated soil habitats.
Precision Thrust Cumulant Moments at $N^3$LL

We consider cumulant moments (cumulants) of the thrust distribution using predictions of the full spectrum for thrust including O(alpha_s^3) fixed order results, resummation of singular N^3LL logarithmic contributions, and a class of leading power corrections in a renormalon-free scheme. From a global fit to the first thrust moment we extract the strong coupling and the leading power correction matrix element Omega_1. We obtain alpha_s(m_Z) = 0.1141 \pm (0.0004)_exp \pm (0.0014)_hadr \pm (0.0007)_pert, where the 1-sigma uncertainties are experimental, from hadronization (related to Omega_1) and perturbative, respectively, and Omega_1 = 0.372 \pm (0.044)_exp \pm (0.039)_pert GeV. The n-th thrust cumulants for n > 1 are completely insensitive to Omega_1, and therefore a good instrument for extracting information on higher order power corrections, Omega'_n/Q^n, from moment data. We find (\tilde Omega'_2)^(1/2) = 0.74 \pm (0.11)_exp \pm (0.09)_pert GeV.
Application of Panel Data Approach to Comparing the Relevant and Incremental Information Content of Accounting Variables before and After Implementing the National Accounting Standards

Abstract. The main purpose of financial reporting is representing useful information for users to help them make the conscious economic decisions and finally do the best resource allocation. This goal is achieved through representing relevant and reliable information. This information is realized by the observance of accounting standards requirements and regulations. In Iran this matter has begun by setting national accounting standards since 1999 and binding in 2001. The present study is comparing the relevant and incremental information content of accounting variables before and after implementing the national accounting standards in a period covering eight years (1997-2004) which includes four years before and four years after binding the standards). The research sample contains 123 firms and the dependent variable is the stock market value and the independent variables include net income, stock book value and operational cash flows (as a proxy of financial statements). The multivariate regression is used to analyze the data. Using panel data and measuring the changing effect of operational cash along with net income and stock book value and applying Z voung test has made this study different with other domestic researches. The results show that after implementing the national accounting standards the relevant information content of accounting variables and the incremental information content of book value has been developed.