Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The developing mouse dopaminergic system: Cortical-subcortical shift in D1/D2 receptor balance and increasing regional differentiation

The dopaminergic system of the brain is involved in complex cognitive functioning and undergoes extensive reorganization during development. Yet, these changes are poorly characterized. We have quantified the density of dopamine 1- and 2-receptor (D1 and D2) positive cells across the forebrain of male and female mice at five developmental stages. Our findings show a cortico-subcortical shift in D1/D2 balance, with increasing D1 dominance in cortical regions as a maturational pattern that occurs earlier in females. We describe postnatal trajectories of D1 and D2 cell densities across major brain regions and observe increasing regional differentiation of D1 densities through development. Our results provide the most comprehensive overview of the developing dopaminergic system to date, and an empirical foundation for further experimental and computational investigations of dopaminergic signaling.
Nucleolar accumulation of APE1 through condensates is mediated by rRNA forming G-quadruplex structures

APE1 (apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1) is the main endonuclease of the base excision repair (BER) pathway acting on abasic (AP)-sites in damaged DNA. APE1 is an abundant nuclear protein with a higher concentration than other BER pathway enzymes, and therefore, improper expression and localization of this factor could lead to the accumulation of toxic DNA intermediates. Altered APE1 sub-cellular localization, expression levels, or hyper-acetylation are associated with cancer development suggesting the importance of a fine-tuning mechanism for APE1 nuclear-associated processes. Recent work highlighted multi-functional roles of APE1, including rRNA quality control. However, how rRNA influences the sub-cellular localization and activity of APE1 remains poorly understood, but previously underappreciated APE1-RNA interactions may influence the ability of this protein to form biomolecular condensates and tune APE1 partitioning into nucleoli. Since nucleolar accumulation of ectopic proteins could be the result of overexpression strategies, it is imperative to have cellular models to study APE1 trafficking under physiological conditions. Here we created the first cell line to express fluorescently tagged APE1 at its endogenous locus, enabling live-cell imaging. Live-cell imaging demonstrates that APE1 nucleolar accumulation requires active rRNA transcription. When modeled in vitro, APE1 condensate formation depends on RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) structures in rRNA and is modulated by critical lysine residues of APE1. This study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying APE1 trafficking to the nucleolus and formation of RNA-dependent APE1 nucleolar condensates that may modulate a switch between the activity of this factor in rRNA processing and DNA damage repair. Significance Statement We created and characterized the first endogenous, fluorescently tagged cell line to study APE1 subcellular trafficking under physiological and stress conditions. Using this cell line, we show that APE1 nucleolar enrichment occurs under physiological conditions and, performing in vitro droplet assays, we associate APE1 condensates with active transcription of RNA G-quadruplexes, abundantly present in healthy nucleoli. This work deepens our understanding of APE1’s role in healthy cells in the absence of DNA damage and provide a novel mechanism for how this protein responds to stress. Our results suggest that phase separation is an important part of how DNA damage repair proteins switch between their normal physiological functions and their ability to correct DNA lesions.
Effects of electroconvulsive shock on the function, circuitry, and transcriptome of dentate gyrus granule neurons

Therapeutic use of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) is 75% effective for the remission of treatment-resistant depression. Like other more common forms of antidepressant treatment such as fluoxetine, ECS has been shown to increase neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of rodent models. Yet the question of how ECS-induced neurogenesis supports improvement of depressive symptoms remains unknown. Here, we show that ECS-induced neurogenesis is necessary to improve depressive-like behavior of mice exposed to chronic corticosterone (Cort). We then use slice electrophysiology to show that optogenetic stimulation of adult-born neurons produces a greater hyperpolarization in mature granule neurons after ECS vs Sham treatment. We identify that this hyperpolarization requires the activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2). Consistent with this finding, we observe reduced expression of the immediate early gene cFos in the granule cell layer of ECS vs Sham subjects. We then show that mGluR2 knockdown specifically in ventral granule neurons blunts the antidepressant-like behavioral effects of ECS. Using single nucleus RNA sequencing, we reveal major transcriptomic shifts in granule neurons after treatment with ECS+Cort or fluoxetine+Cort vs Cort alone. We identify a population of immature cells which has greater representation in both ECS+Cort and fluoxetine+Cort treated samples vs Cort alone. We also find global differences in ECS-vs fluoxetine-induced transcriptomic shifts. Together, these findings highlight a critical role for immature granule cells and mGluR2 signaling in the antidepressant action of ECS.
Adaptation Strategies of Breeders Facing Global Change in Harsh Conditions

Global changes impact breed societies through complex and diverse factors such as global economics, climate change, management and degradation of rangelands, societal demands especially from youth, and new technologies including information and communication technologies. The main objective of this research developed by Livestock farming and local development network (LiFLod, http://liflod.org/Methods ) network is to better understand the mental models of local stakeholders for global change and adaptation strategies. Our hypothesis is that in harsh conditions breeders with diverse objectives adopt more or less similar strategies when faced with global change.
Red wood ants – oak herbivore interactions: preliminary results of short-time observation (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Insecta varia)

The leaf damage caused by chewing insects and an abundance of leaf sap-sucking aphids in an oak forest habitat were studied in five localities affected by red wood ants ( Formica rufa L INNAEUS , 1761 group) in the Č eské St ř e-doho ř í Mountains (Litom ěř ice, North Bohemia). Preliminary results from July 2006 are presented. The effects of the ants were studied by (1) comparing one locality with red wood ants (Strážišt ě Hill) and four control localities without or with only a low red wood ant abundance, and (2) using an experimental design where half of the studied oak trees in each locality were isolated from ant access through the use of petroleum jelly barriers. The aphid density was significantly higher (ANOVA, p < 0.05) in the locality affected by ants than in the con-trol localities. This result was to be expected and is readily explained by the mutualistic ant-aphid relationship, as documented in the literature (reviewed, for example by A DLUNG 1966). On the other hand, M AHDI & W HITTAKER (1994) and others have suggested a more complicated situation. All the aphid populations in their study were increased by the presence of Formica rufa on birch trees ( Betula pendula R OTH )
The Wavefield of Acoustic Logging in a Cased Hole With a Single Casing - Part Ii: A Dipole Tool

The acoustic method, being the most effective method for cement bond evaluation, has been used by industry for more than a half century. However, the methods used are almost always focused on the first arrival (especially for sonic logging), which has limitations. We use a 3 dimensional finite difference method to numerically simulate the wavefields from a dipole source in a singly cased hole with different cement conditions. By using wavefield snapshots and dispersion curves, we interpret the characteristics of the modes in the models. We investigate the effect of source frequency, the thickness and location of fluid columns on different modes. The dipole wavefield in a single cased-hole consists of a leaky P (only source frequency of more than 10 kHz), formation flexural, and also some casing modes. Depending on the mode, their behavior is sometimes sensitive to the existence of fluid between the cement and formation and sometimes sensitive to that between the casing and cement. The formation S velocity can be obtained from the formation flexural mode at low frequency. However, interference from high order casing modes makes leaky P invisible and the P velocity determination difficult when the casing is not well cemented. The bonding conditions do not affect the arrival time of the formation flexural mode although the dispersion curve for this mode is sensitive to the fluid thickness when fluid exists only at the interface between casing and cement. However, the dispersion curve cannot be used to determine the fluid thickness when the fluid columns are present at other places. The casing F1 mode, which is the fundamental casing mode with non-cutoff frequency (low frequency limit) and effectively excited by a low frequency source (2 kHz), is only sensitive to the total fluid thickness in the annulus between casing and formation. Other casing modes have a cutoff frequency and can only be excited at the high frequency. Casing mode F5 is the first arrival once the fluid column exists next to the casing and its arrival time is not sensitive to the fluid column. The amplitudes of the casing modes F3 and F4 could be used to Submitted to Geophysical Journal International, Private manuscripts only for ERL member 2 determine the fluid thickness when the fluid column is only next the casing. However, if there is no fluid column next the casing and the fluid column appears in other places, the first arrival would not be the casing mode F5 and the arrival time varies with cement thickness next to the casing. The amplitude of modes F3 and F4 are no longer sensitive to the fluid thickness next to the casing when the fluid also appears in other places. Based the results, we suggest a data processing flow for field application, which will highly improve cement evaluation.
Carbonate and silicate biomineralization in a hypersaline microbial mat (Mesaieed sabkha, Qatar): Roles of bacteria, extracellular polymeric substances and viruses

In a modern peritidal microbial mat from Qatar, both biomediated carbonates and Mg‐rich clay minerals (palygorskite) were identified. The mat, ca 5 cm thick, shows a clear lamination reflecting different microbial communities. The initial precipitates within the top millimetres of the mat are composed of Ca–Mg–Si–Al–S amorphous nanoparticles (few tens of nanometres) that replace the ultrastructure of extracellular polymeric substances. The extracellular polymeric substances are enriched in the same cations and act as a substrate for mineral nucleation. Successively, crystallites of palygorskite fibres associated with carbonate nanocrystals develop, commonly surrounding bacterial bodies. Micron‐sized crystals of low‐Mg calcite are the most common precipitates, together with subordinate aragonite, very high‐Mg calcite/dolomite and ankerite. Pyrite nanocrystals and framboids are present in the deeper layers of the mat. Calcite crystallites form conical structures, circular to triangular/hexagonal in cross‐section, evolving to crystals with rhombohedral terminations; some crystallite bundles develop into dumb‐bell and stellate forms. Spheroidal organo‐mineral structures are also common within the mat. Nanospheres, a few tens of nanometres in diameter, occur attached to coccoid bacteria and within their cells; these are interpreted as permineralized viruses and could be significant as nuclei for crystallite‐crystal precipitation. Microspheres, 1 to 10 μm in diameter, result from intracellular permineralization within bacteria or the mineralization of the bacteria themselves. Carbonates and clay minerals are commonly aggregated to form peloids, tens of microns in size, surrounded by residual organic matter. Magnesium silicate and carbonate precipitation are likely to have been driven by pH – saturation index – redox changes within the mat, related to microenvironmental chemical changes induced by the microbes – extracellular polymeric substances – viruses and their degradation.
Analysis of Continuance Use Intention in BNI Mobile Banking Using The Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM)

Banking companies follow developments in information technology, namely by developing mobile banking applications. Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI) is the first state-owned bank to implement a mobile banking application. The 2021 Bank Service Excellence Monitor (BSEM) survey stated that BNI Mobile Banking was the application with the best performance in first place, but the results of the 2022 Populix survey placed BNI Mobile Banking in 4th place in mobile banking which is widely used in Indonesia, and the results of the survey by The Top Brand Award shows that there has been a decline in the ranking and percentage of BNI Mobile Banking since 2020-2022, which indicates that the intention to continue using it has decreased. This research aims to determine the level of Continuance Use Intention (CUI) in BNI Mobile Banking and find out what factors influence it. This research uses a quantitative approach and data processing using the PLS-SEM method with a sample size of 220 respondents, using the help of the SmartPLS application. This research uses the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) which has 4 variables, namely perceived usefulness, confirmation, satisfaction, and continuance use intention, as well as the addition of two variables, namely perceived security and self-efficacy to determine the intention to continue to use in terms of security and user confidence. The research results show that the level of Continuance Use Intention (CUI) in BNI Mobile Banking is 69%, categorized as a medium level of sustainability, and the factors that influence continuance use intention, namely confirmation, perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and perceived security. The self-efficacy variable has no effect on continuance use intention because the t-statistic value is below the threshold. It is hoped that the research results can provide recommendations to companies by considering the factors that influence the development of the BNI Mobile Banking application.
Authenticity Detection for Mechanical Watch Using Hidden Markov Model

The detection of original products is needed by a brand to maintain the authenticity of goods. This is to prevent goods from being imitated by ensuring the quality of goods to users. The issue presented in this study is how to use HMM to determine the authenticity of watch. At this stage of determining the authenticity of watches, the HMM algorithm is used to look for color matching, tough glass, and the presence of mechanical watch hands. Authenticity standards are carried out using probabilities including emission probability and HMM transition probability. However, before entering processing using the HMM algorithm, the system needs to go through the pre-processing and data training stages to be able to train the system to process mechanical hour data. The thing that influences this research is the distance between the photo object and the camera in the range of $5-20 \mathrm{~cm}$ and not too blurry or vibrating. The results of the research will be in the form of a statement that mechanical watch fall into the Bad, Good, or Tolerance categories. Watches that have a Bad category statement mean they are not fit for sale; Good means worth selling; while Tolerance means it requires manual re-detection. System testing using the black box method in this test obtained an accuracy value of $88 \%$ of the total data testing of 100 mechanical clock images.
Analysis Adoption of Information Technology Using the UTAUT Method on Poultry Farmers in Indonesia

The effects of information technology advancements started to be seen in livestock. Broiler chickens account for 67% of the meat produced by poultry farming, local/free-range chickens account for 23% and the remaining flesh comes from various varieties of poultry. Bali’s poultry farmers’ business management becomes unproductive and inefficient since not all of them employ information technology to manage their business procedures. The aim of this research was to ascertain how interested and likely Bali’s poultry farmers were to use the Agree PT XYZ program as a form of information technology. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) paradigm served as the foundation for the research approach in this study. In order to gather study data, questionnaires were given out to respondents in five Bali districts. The partial least squares structural equation model is employed for data management. According to the study’s findings, use behavior is directly, favorably, and significantly influenced by social influence and performance expectations. Useful and positive conduct is directly influenced by behavior purpose. This research can provide recommendations for software developers that the factors that influence behavior intention are performance expectancy and social influence. Farmers are interested in using the agree application due to expectations of performance and the influence of the social environment. Supporting facilities are not too concerned by breeders because the condition of internet facilities is not a problem at their location and breeders think that technological changes are inevitable in the era of change and must be applied to the breeder’s business process.
Reliability of Piezojet-Printed Conductive Lines on Alumina Substrates Produced by Fused Filament Fabrication

Increasing demand for efficiency of 3D mechatronic integrated devices (MID) typically require substrates with increased temperature resistance. Thus, in this work ceramic materials such as alumina are used instead of thermoplastics. For spatial integration and freedom of design, the ceramic substrates are printed using Fused Filament Fabrication. After chemical and thermal post-treatment, conductive lines are printed on the ceramic substrates by piezojet-printing with silver-based ink and sintered in a convection furnace. The reliability of the produced specimens is assessed by testing procedures based on IEC 60068 (temperature shock test and humidity-heat-test). In the conducted tests, the printed material compound suggests to be robust to the applied conditions. Therefore, these reliability evaluations of piezojet-printed conductive lines on additively manufactured alumina indicate a promising suitability of ceramic substrates for MID.
Impacts of IT Governance Mechanisms on Organizational Agility

Many attempts to operate online businesses have recently failed to survive the competitive environments. They typically expand quickly by providing a wide range of goods and services. However, there are still holes. It is evident that no literature has addressed the effects of IT-enabled dynamic capabilities and IT-strategic alignment on the agility of online businesses. The goal of the study was to verify and determine the degree to which IT governance has a favorable impact on organizational agility. Using a follow-up description model, the research employed a survey method with an explanatory design. 258 individuals were able to successfully send the researchers their surveys. For over five years, they have operated various web enterprises in Indonesia’s West Kalimantan province. To process all of the data that were gathered and examined using the SEM-PLS approach, Likert scales were employed. On the other hand, bootstrapping was used to disperse the data in a typical way. Additional input was gathered. The findings show that IT governance is a key component and that dynamic capabilities afforded by IT have a variable impact on increasing organizational agility, particularly when it comes to online commerce.
Comprehensive Assessment of Global Surface Net Radiation Products and Uncertainty Analysis

Earth surface net radiation (Rn) characterizes the surface radiation budget and plays a critical role in ecological, biogeochemical, and hydrological processes. The Rn products from remote sensing and reanalysis have not been validated comprehensively. In this study, four Rn products (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System [CERES], ERA‐Interim, Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2, and Japanese 55‐year Reanalysis) were validated using global ground measurements on monthly (255 sites) and annual (172 sites) timescales. These products have similar accuracies, with average root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) ranges of 5.35 W m−2 (monthly) and 2.30 W m−2 (annually). However, varying accuracies and systemic biases exist across different climatic zones. The annual land Rn intercomparison illustrates that large uncertainty exists over polar regions and deserts. A significantly negative annual anomaly in the CERES product for the 2001–2008 period is identified when examining annual Rn anomalies over the global land surface. Detailed uncertainty analysis indicates that the global CERES Rn anomaly is mainly due to different versions of input data such as aerosol optical thickness and atmospheric profiles (in 2006 and 2008) and cloud properties (in 2002). This work demonstrates that temporal analysis provides powerful quality control for global time series satellite products when the validation using ground measurements fails to capture potential issues.
Hybrid Sentiment Analysis: Majority Voting with Multinomial Naive Bayes and Logistic Regression on IMDB Dataset

Sentiment analysis plays a critical role in natural language processing as it seeks to identify and categorize the emotions expressed in texts. In this study, we conducted a case analysis using the IMDB dataset to analyze sentiments in movie reviews. We propose an approach that employs a Majority Voting method that merges two effective classification techniques: Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB) and Logistic Regression (LR). The Majority Voting method we employed considers the decisions made by both MNB and LR, selecting the sentiment that appears most frequently as the outcome. Our objective is to enhance sentiment analysis performance by leveraging the strengths of both methods. We divided the IMDB dataset into an $80 \%$ training set and a $20 \%$ testing set to evaluate the approach. Performance assessment included metrics such as accuracy, precision, and recall. The experimental outcomes significantly improved sentiment analysis performance by combining MNB and LR using Majority Voting. The achieved accuracy was $0.89 \%$ higher compared to using the methods individually. The Majority Voting approach allowed us to integrate the advantages of both classification methods, resulting in more accurate and consistent sentiment predictions in analyzing movie reviews on the IMDB dataset. These findings indicate that the proposed hybrid approach holds great potential in enhancing the performance of sentiment analysis on the IMDB dataset and can be applied to various applications of sentiment analysis.
Deep Learning-Based Disaster Sentiment Analysis of Unbalanced Twitter Data: The Case of Indonesia Earthquake

The unbalanced dataset dramatically impacted the effectiveness of classification techniques, often leading to classifiers that were biased towards the majority class. Researchers had proposed deep learning along with random undersampling and oversampling to address this issue. This study conducted a comparative analysis between undersampling and oversampling methods for handling imbalanced class data. In addition, a deep learning approach was employed, specifically utilizing bidirectional LSTM and attention mechanisms. The method was assessed using a confusion matrix. The findings of this study demonstrated that oversampling surpassed undersampling, achieving an impressive F1 score of 79.87%.