Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of mesial root canal configuration of mandibular first molars using micro-computed tomography

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of mesial roots of mandibular first molars. Materials and Methods Forty extracted mandibular first molars were used in this study. The morphological examination of root canals was conducted in accordance with the Vertucci classification using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Any aberrant root canal configurations not included in the Vertucci classification were recorded, and their frequency was established using descriptive statistics. Intra-observer reliability was assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, while inter-observer reliability was assessed using the Cohen kappa test. Significance was evaluated at the P<0.05 level. Results The mesial roots of mandibular first molars had canal configurations of type I (15%), type II (7.5%), type III (25%), type IV (10%), type V (2.5%), type VI (7.5%), and type VII (7.5%). The images showed 10 (25%) additional configuration types that were not included in the Vertucci classification. These types were 1-3-2-3, 1-2-3-2-3, 2-3-1, 2-3, 1-2-3-1, 2-1-2-3, 3-2-1, 1-2-3-1, 2-3-2-3, and 1-2-1-2-1. The intra-observer differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05) and the kappa value for inter-observer agreement was found to be 0.957. Conclusion Frequent variations were detected in mesial roots of mandibular first molars. Clinicians should take into consideration the complex structure of the root canal morphology before commencing root canal treatment procedures to prevent iatrogenic complications. Micro-CT was a highly suitable method to provide accurate 3-dimensional visualizations of root canal morphology.
The Quality Characteristics of Cold Cuts Processed from Beef and Buffalo Meat: A Comparative Study

| The aim of the present study was to decide whether buffalo is appropriate for the production of various cold meat cuts and to compare the quality of these products to those formulated with beef. To achieve this goal, two cold meat cuts products (meatloaf and cooked roast meat) were processed from beef and buffalo meat using Good Manufacturing Practices and finally tested for sensory, chemical, and physicochemical quality attributes. The results showed that there were non-significant variations in sensory parameters between beef and buffalo products meanwhile the key distinctions were noted in color and tenderness, where beef products marginally outperforming those of buffalo. The chemical analysis showed that buffalo products had significantly lower moisture content and collagen solubility when compared to beef products. Moreover, buffalo cold cuts showed non-significant differences in pH and lightness (L*) values, while an obvious increase in redness (a*) and a decrease in yellowness (b*) values in comparison to beef products.
ECHOs of Medication Non-Adherence in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review

Globally, hypertension has been one of the most common diseases. Although there has been improvement in the blood pressure control with the use of antihypertensive drugs, poor adherence to medications is still a problem. This has caused economic, clinical and humanistic outcomes (ECHOs) resulting in severe health crisis. This includes worsening of present disease condition, increase in co morbid diseases, increase in health care costs and ultimately death. This systematic review has broadened the scope of knowledge by providing valuable input into the development of clinical, economic and humanistic framework to standardize the consequences of medication non-adherence with the ECHOs. Literature documents the multiple adverse clinical consequences of medication non-adherence. It is also associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular events including vascular stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy, micro albuminuria, acute coronary syndromes, stroke and transient ischemic attack and chronic heart failure ultimately leading to death. Humanistic outcomes were evaluated by measuring the symptomatic and functional status and quality of life. Economic outcomes were mainly affected by hospital related costs, productivity costs, social welfare costs, personal costs, cost to the family and friends and other associated costs. Keywords: Hypertension, Medication non-adherence, Clinical outcomes, Economic outcomes, Humanistic outcomes.
Geochemical characteristics of silica scales precipitated from the geothermal fluid at the Onuma geothermal power plant in Japan

The scale precipitation is a major issue at geothermal power plants as it reduces the production rate of geothermal energy. The scale precipitates at different physical and chemical conditions in each geothermal power plant as a result from a fluid–rock interaction for the specific conditions at each plant. Thus, it is important to understand the chemical characteristics and precipitation process of the scale from geothermal fluid. The information on the process of transportation of metals and its precipitation from hydrothermal fluid in general will be useful to understand the formation of hydrothermal ore deposit. In this study, we have examined the chemical characteristics of silica scaling from the Onuma geothermal power plant at Akita Prefecture, Japan. The scale consists of mainly amorphous silica and trace amounts of smectite, kaolinite, and euhedral pyrite. Chemical composition of silica scale indicates that Fe content scale shows positive correlation with Pb, Cu, and REE. These elements probably incorporate into pyrite in silica scale. The texture of pyrite suggests that pyrite is possible to crystalize prior to the growth of amorphous silica. Silica scale gradually changes its chemical composition from the production well toward the reinjection well. Concentrations of SiO2, Fe2O3, MgO, and MnO in silica scale significantly decrease toward to the reinjection well from the production well, and those of Al2O3, LOI, and alkali and alkali earth elements (Na2O, K2O, and CaO) increase toward to the reinjection well. Most of trace elements including REE in silica scale also significantly decrease toward to the reinjection well, and furthermore HREE decreases more extensively than LREE though alkali and alkali earth elements (Be, Rb, Sr, Cs, and Ba) increase toward to the reinjection well. The change of element concentration in silica scales can be utilized to understand the physical and chemical conditions in the pipes at the geothermal power plant.
Prognostic Factors in Patients with AKI and COVID-19

Prognostic Factors in Patients with AKI and COVID-19. ABSTRACT Background : Acute kidney injury is challenging in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Up to 30 % of critically ill COVID-19 pa tients develop AKI. Thus, it is imperative to determine what factors may predict the likelihood of these patients developing more severe and potentially life-threatening conditions. Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical and computed tomography features associated with poor prognostic factors in COVID-19 patients developing AKI. We also aimed to investigate chest CT score and its pattern in AKI patients in the COVID-19 setting. Materials and Methods : 415 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled. 64 patients have been excluded due to a history of chronic kidney disorders. Finally, 351 patients, including 100 AKI cases and 251 non-AKI cases, were enrolled. The chest CT images and clinical data of them were reviewed and compared. The CT scores and the risk factors associated with disease severity were discussed. Results: Compared with the non-AKI group, the AKI patients had older ages and a higher incidence of certain comorbidities, such as hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. In AKI patients, the value of inflammatory markers, e.g., CRP, LDH, PCT, and Lactate level were significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients (P<0.05). In addition, the AKI patients showed higher incidences of lymphopenia (P=0.019) and leukocytosis (P=0.023). In the AKI group, the CT-scores were significantly higher than those of the non-AKI group (P < 0.001), and severe CT- scores were mainly associated with AKI. ROC analysis showed that 71.4 % sensitiv ity and 90 % specificity for CT scores higher than 13 in the AKI group. Out of all measured parameters, CT-score and the level of PCT, lactate, and WBC were the most reliable factors for predicting mortality in AKI patients. Conclusions: There are significant differences in clinical symp -toms, laboratory examinations, and CT manifestations between the AKI and non-AKI patients in the COVID-19 setting. Many factors are associated with the severity of the illness, which can help clinicians assess patients' prognosis.
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Traffic Light Scheduling Framework for SDN-Enabled Smart Transportation System

This work proposes a traffic-light scheduling framework using the deep reinforcement learning technique to balance the traffic flow and to prevent congestion in the dense regions of the city via a software-defined control interface. A software-defined control enabled architecture is proposed to monitor the traffic conditions and it generates the traffic light control signal (Red/Yellow/Green) accordingly. For an intelligent traffic light control signal, a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model is proposed which takes vehicular dynamics as inputs from the real-time traffic environment such as heterogeneous vehicles count, speed, traffic density etc. To determine the congestion, a threshold policy is proposed and deployed on control server which generates the congestion prevention signal. A DRL agent operates in the coordination of congestion prevention signal and generates an effective traffic light control signal. The proposed model is evaluated through a realistic simulation on Indian city OpenStreetMap by using a well-known open-source simulator (SUMO). The comparative results show that the proposed solution improves several performance metrics such as average waiting time, throughput, average queue length, and average speed in the interval of 28.34% – 66.62%, 24.76% – 66.60%, 30.89% – 69.80%, and 16.62% – 43.67% respectively over other states of the art approaches.
THE IMPACT OF INTUITIVE AND ADVANCED SELF-LEAD RELAXATION STRATEGIES ON LIFE AND WORK SATISFACTION

The current study empirically validated a questionnaire of self-lead relaxation strategies. The authors examined the data from 231 job incumbents and 18 students. Confirmatory factor analyses yielded two factors of physical vitality self-leadership (intuitive behaviors and advanced behaviors). Satisfactory concurrent validity with the German Revised Self-leadership Questionnaire (GRSLQ) and convergent validity with work satisfaction and life satisfaction, respectively, were established. Structural equation analyses confirmed the established results with regard to the latent variables selflead relaxation techniques and well-being. Interaction effects of participants’ age and their type of strategy use were shown via Multivariate Analyses of Variance with lower life satisfaction for high adult content users. Women reported more relaxation behaviors and greater well-being than men. The influence of technology (i.e., passive social media use, adult content use) on relaxation strategies and well-being was explored. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Machinery feeding development for sustainable aquaculture: Self-feeding system

Demand feeder is slightly different with an automatic feeder, it is altered to the appetite of fish because they can prefer which time they activate the feeder, also it triggered to produce a good growth performance and decrease the feed waste. Alternatively, some studies have been carried out for new method of automatic feeding system. Self-feeding system or previously familiar with the name of demand feeding system, is a system based on the learning ability of fish to activate the feeder and utilizing a feeding rhythm that may be controlled by the biological clock. At the past two decades, the development of self-feeding system is growing rapidly, from database, twenty eight studies with the most relevant data have been collected. The peak of paper published was in year 2000 with the most popular fish species was European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.).
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Tisagenlecleucel, Blinatumomab, and Clofarabine for Treatment of B-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

The objective of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of tisagenlecleucel; clofarabine, etoposide, cyclophosphamide; and blinatumomab for the treatment of relapse-refractory ALL for adolescents and young adults from the U.S. health care payer perspective.
Integrity Of Financial Statements And The Factors

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of corporate governance, company size, and leverage on the integrity of financial statements partially in essential industrial and chemical manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and using the 2013-2017 research period. The study population includes companies. Essential industrial and chemical manufacturing sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. The sampling technique was using the purposive sampling technique. Based on the predetermined criteria, a total sample of 7 companies was obtained. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The data analysis method used is a panel data regression analysis with the help of Eviews 9.0. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the independent commissioner has an effect, the audit committee on the integrity of financial statements, and leverage has no impact on the integrity of the financial statements.
Minimization of Losses and Rate Matching in Satellite Networks With One to Many Pairings

This letter studies one-to-many capacity allocation pairings in multi-beam high throughput satellite networks employing smart gateway diversity. The minimization of total network’s capacity losses and rate matching metrics are examined. To approach the aforementioned binary optimization problems, a two-step heuristic scheme is proposed. Firstly a continuous pairing solution is given based on difference of convex programming theory and then a continuous to binary feasible allocation solution is provided. Extended simulation results highlight the lower complexity of the proposed approach, compared with the exponential complexity of the optimal exhaustive mechanism and a small relative error in its performance.
Glottic views using a Miller size 0 blade are superior to those from a Macintosh size 0 blade in neonates: a randomized trial

Background Both the Miller and Macintosh blades are commonly used during laryngoscopy in infants and children, although the glottic views have not been compared in neonates. This study compared the glottic views with the Miller and Macintosh size 0 blades in neonates when the blades were placed above and below the epiglottis. Methods Forty anaesthetized and paralyzed neonates undergoing elective surgery were enrolled and randomized to either the Miller or Macintosh size 0 blade. Two glottic views were obtained in random order in each neonate and were photographed using the same blade: lifting the epiglottis first then the tongue base or vice versa. The percentage of glottic opening (POGO) scores were evaluated with each view. The POGO scores and cardiorespiratory variables were then analysed. Results The POGO scores using the Miller blade to lift both the epiglottis and the tongue base were similar, whereas the scores using the Macintosh blade to lift the epiglottis were greater than those to lift the tongue base. The POGO scores using the Miller blade in both positions were significantly greater than those using the Macintosh blade in the corresponding positions (P = 0.0001). The heart rate using the Miller blade was greater than that using the Macintosh blade (P = 0.0001). Conclusions In neonates, the glottic views using the Miller size 0 blade to lift both the epiglottis and the tongue base were deemed to be excellent and superior to those using the Macintosh blade in both positions.
Regional Characteristics of Variability in the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Polar Front Jet and Subtropical Jet in Observations and CMIP6 Models

Variability in the position and strength of the subtropical jet (STJ) and polar front jet (PFJ) streams has important implications for global and regional climate. Previous studies have related the position and strength of the STJ to tropical thermodynamic processes, whereas the position and strength of the PFJ are more associated with midlatitude eddies. These conclusions have largely resulted from studies using idealized models. In this study, ERA‐Interim reanalysis and CMIP6 global climate models are used to examine month‐to‐month and interannual variability of the wintertime Northern Hemisphere (NH) STJ and PFJ. This study particularly focuses on the regional characteristics of the jet variability, extending previous studies on zonal‐mean jet streams. Consistent with idealized modeling studies, a close relationship is found between tropical outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the STJ and between midlatitude lower tropospheric temperature gradients and the PFJ. Variations of both jets are also linked to well‐known teleconnection patterns. Variations in tropical convection over the Pacific Ocean are associated with variations of the NH STJ at most longitudes, with different phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) associated with the shift and strengthening of the STJ in different regions. CMIP6 models generally capture these relationships, but the models’ tropical convection is often displaced westward when compared to observations, reflecting a climatological bias in OLR in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in many models. The displaced tropical convection in models excites different paths of Rossby wave propagation, resulting in different ENSO teleconnections on the STJ over North America and Europe.
Exploring On-Campus Student Satisfaction on Learning Via Mooc

Satisfaction is the key to determine students’ intention to continue using a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) and examining these students’ MOOC learning experience can provide insights into their satisfaction. Thus, this study aims to explore the MOOC learning experience of on-campus students who took up a MOOC on ICT Competency to identify aspects that are satisfying as well as dissatisfying to them. This study employed a qualitative approach in which eight students who had completed the ICT Competency MOOC were purposively chosen. The critical incident technique (CIT) was employed to collect and analyze information about significant experiences or critical occurrences of these participants during their MOOC learning. The meanings to these critical occurrences were collected to determine whether each experience inferred satisfaction towards the MOOC learning experience or otherwise. Participants were interviewed individually and the interview was guided by the eight aspects of Badrul Khan’s e-learning framework. The study reveals six satisfaction factors and another six dissatisfaction factors that point to six important lessons in designing and implementing a MOOC. The six lessons learned include the importance of providing flexibility in learning; providing a user-friendly interface and appealing as well as comprehendible learning materials; providing manageable, relevant assessments with clear assessment instructions; providing adequate instructor engagement; providing essential infrastructure and stable technological affordances; and incorporating anti-plagiarism strategies.
2020 – The Lecturer at a Crossroads of Teaching and Learning in Academia in Israel

The COVID-19 pandemic has created the greatest known disruption to the education system in Israel and in many countries around the globe, resulting in decisions to switch to online learning in all subjects. In the current study we examined lecturers' opinions on the advantages and disadvantages of online teaching from various aspects, from a systemic, multi-institutional perspective. The findings indicate that only about a third of the lecturers expressed a preference for online learning. The lecturers mentioned the lack of social and emotional interactions (SEL) between students and lecturers as one of the main disadvantages of online learning. In addition, most of the lecturers do not consider online learning as providing an advantage in the quality of teaching and learning. The study also indicates the need for perceptual changes among lecturers, so that they will reexamine the teaching and learning processes and adapt their role and responsibilities to the new opportunities enabled by today's technological tools and learning environments. The findings also indicate that the success of online learning requires appropriate pedagogical educational approaches rather than replication of traditional frontal teaching patterns on digital platforms. The findings call for in-depth discussion among higher education policymakers and academic institutions on the new and effective purpose of the campus in the post-covid period, the distinction between the virtual and the real in academic instruction, and the challenges and ways of coping with the new reality. © 2021 by the authors.
Prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated factors among adults in Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract Abstract: Overweight and obesity has become a major global health challenge that affects virtually all ages. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated factors among adults of Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia. Community based cross sectional study was conducted from January to February 2016. A total of 370 households were selected from 14,551 household using a simple random sampling technique. , Lottery method was used to select an adult individual with age of ≥25 years. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) was assessed using the World Health Organization) recommended techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS windows version 20 Software. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. Prevalence of overweight was 32.4% and obesity 16.2%. The combined prevalence of overweight/obesity was 48.6%. Factors associated with overweight/obesity were being female (AOR = 4.0; 95% of CI: 1.7−9.4), Age group between 35–44, 45–54 and age >55 were more likely to be overweight/obesity than age group 25–34 (AOR = 28; 95% CI:1.51–5.15), AOR = 2.44; 95%CI:1.12–5.32), AOR = 5; 95%CI:1.94–12-92) respectively. Similarly, having chronic illness (AOR = 2.9;95%CI:1.1–7.2), using Bajaj/car for transportation (AOR = 1.9; 95% of CI:1.1–3.3), spent 3–5 hours in sitting or reclining (AOR = 3.7;95% CI:1.6–8.5), taking one bottle of soft drink per day (AOR = 2.0;95% CI: 1.1–3.7) and those who consumed vegetable ≥3 times per day (AOR = 5.7; 95% of CI1.6–19.7). Prevalence of overweight/obesity among adult population in Sodo Town is high. Therefore, prioritizing counseling dietary modification about the risk of overweight /obesity in community level, provision of early care and treatment of chronic illness, regular physical exercise by avoiding sedentary life style are recommended.