Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Look before you jump: jumping spiders discriminate different ants by visual cues

Ants, being ubiquitous, aggressive, and top predators, play a predominant role in terrestrial ecosystems. Jumping spiders are another prominent invertebrate predator that are present in similar habitats as that of ants. Most jumping spiders are thought to avoid ants, yet little is known if they discriminate among them. In this study we examined the response of jumping spider genus Plexippus towards three different ant species (Oecophylla smaragdina, the weaver ants; Camponotus sericeus the golden-back carpenter ants, and Leptogenys processionalis, the procession ants). In a behavioral assay that excluded tactile and chemical cues, we tested if spiders distinguish the three ants by visual cues alone. We recorded and analysed behaviors such as ‘look’, ‘approach’, ‘stalk’, ‘attack’, and ‘avoidance’ by spiders towards ants. Our results show that the three ants differ in their color, movement and aggressive behavior. Spiders gave ‘short looks’ to live ants, suggesting movement is important in detecting ants. Furthermore, spiders gave significantly more ‘long looks’ to procession and golden-back ants compared to weaver ants. Spiders approached, stalked and attacked procession ants more compared to weaver ants. Numerous jumping spiders and ants overlap in their habitat, and it is advantageous to selectively avoid some ants over others. Our results suggests that jumping spiders can indeed distinguish ants that co-occur in their habitat by visual cues alone, however, the precise nature of visual cues warrants further studies.
The effect of sexual victimization on attachment in emerging adulthood: An analysis of an African-American sample

Research has consistently shown that sexual victimization during childhood and adolescence can lead to negative outcomes. However, little research to date has sought to test whether these experiences can shape security of attachment in adulthood, an important concept in attachment theory. Utilizing a longitudinal community sample of African Americans, the current study tested whether sexual victimization during childhood and adolescence correlated with security of attachment in emerging adulthood while controlling for parenting. Results of regression analyses showed that sexual victimization did correlate with greater insecurity of attachment in emerging adulthood while controlling for parenting among females, but not males. Implications of these findings for policy and theory are discussed.
The aqueous extract effect of six species on the chicory adventitious of the berseem fields in tunisia

The effect of the aqueous extracts of the aerial parts of Ziziphus spina-christi (L). Desf. , Juglans regia L. , Lavandula stoechas L. , Artemisia herba-alba Asso. , Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Cenchrus ciliaris L. with seven different concentrations (0; 2.5; 3.75; 5.6; 6.5; 7.5 and 12.5 %) on the germination and growth of chicory (Cichorium pumilum Jacq.) and berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) were evaluated. The results showed that the reduction of the germination percentage and growth of chicory depends on the interaction between species and concentration level. The highest germination and growth ability are obtained with control treatment and decreases as the concentration level increases. Seedling rate of chicory was more sensitive to the J. regia, A. herba-alba, Z; spina-christi and L. stoechas aqueous extracts with an inhibition rate that exceeded 80% in 125 g/l, while the inhibition rate of berseem did not exceed 38 % when using walnut. In this paper, we proved that these medicinal and aromatic species are efficient biological methods for the control of chicory in berseem fields. A C. ciliaris inhibits the germination rate of chicory (51%) at high concentration levels without affecting negatively on the berseem seed (8%). This allelopathic crop could have a fundamental role in developing sustainable agriculture by reducing the chicory seed stock in the soil.
European Football After COVID-19

The European football industry has suffered an unprecedented shock from COVID-19. In this chapter, we reflect on how the sport’s administrators responded to the initial outbreaks and what lessons can be learned. We also look ahead to what football in the post-COVID-19 era could look like. We conclude that this largely depends on the decisions now facing the sport’s administrators and the powerful owners of the biggest football clubs: will they prioritise football as the inclusive and diverse game, at the heart of local communities? Or will their intrinsic financial interests dominate?
Challenges and Considerations in the Preparation of Novel Antibiotic Phytochemicals

Drug-resistant pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria pose a global health threat. Plants, particularly those employed in traditional (folk) medicine, may provide a source of antimicrobials compounds possessing novel mechanisms of action with which to combat current and emerging infectious diseases. However, experimental designs in ethnobotanical investigations of this type are complicated by several factors. Among these are chemotype variations among plants and plant parts, and potential antagonistic, additive or synergistic effects between plant compounds. These efforts are further hindered by a lack of standardized applicable chemical extraction methods in the Review Article Eichelbaum et al.; EJMP, 31(12): 14-28, 2020; Article no.EJMP. 59440 15 field, which makes assessment and comparison of experimental results difficult. This overview thus seeks to provide insight into these complicating factors, give a brief historical survey of ancient investigations into antibiotics, and identify some of the strengths and weaknesses of the various modern methods and techniques routinely employed in ethnobotanical antibiotic research.
The longitudinal stability of rating characteristics in an EFL examination: Methodological and substantive considerations

This longitudinal study (2002–2014) investigates the stability of rating characteristics of a large group of raters over time in the context of the writing paper of a national high-stakes examination. The study uses one measure of rater severity and two measures of rater consistency. The results suggest that the rating characteristics of individual raters are not stable. Thus, predictions from one administration to the next are difficult, although not impossible. In fact, as the membership of the group of raters changes from year to year, past data on rating characteristics become less useful. When the membership of the group of raters is retained, the community of raters develops more stable characteristics. However, “cultural shocks” (low retention of raters and large numbers of newcomers) destabilize the rating characteristics of the community and predictions become more difficult. We propose practical measures to increase the stability of rating across time and offer methodological suggestions for more efficient rater effect-related research designs and analyses.
Development of degraded ravine lands of Western India using Sapota (Achras zapota) plantation with terracing vs. trenching‐on‐slope‐based conservation measures

Globally, ravine landscapes are considered among the world's most degraded ecosystems. Restoring ravines is considered a high priority item in the conservation programmes, and tree establishment augmented with appropriate soil and water conservation measures is the most sought‐after restoration strategy. This study examined the impact of terracing and trenching on runoff, soil loss, and soil properties along with Sapota (Achras zapota) growth, fruit yield, biomass and carbon stock during 6 years (2010–2015) in a degraded ravine land of Western India. The four soil and water conservation strategies tested were (1) bench terracing + Sapota (Bt), (2) bench terracing + Sapota with crop cultivation (BtCr), (3) continuous slope + Sapota (Sl), and (4) continuous slope + Sapota with trenches (SlTr). All conservation techniques increased Sapota height (Bt: 54%; BtCr: 27%; SlTr: 35%) and basal diameter (Bt: 36%; BtCr: 18%; StCr: 22%) compared to Sl. Biomass and carbon stock of Sapota were in the order of Bt > SlTr > BtCr > Sl. During the droughtperiod, fruit yield was highest in Bt followed by BtCr, SlTr, and least in Sl. The treatment SlTr and Bt reduced runoff by 16–34% and soil loss by 15–25%, compared to Sl. The growth and biomass were strongly correlated with soil loss. The findings suggested that bench terracing is the best soil and water conservation measure for restoring highly degraded ravines of Western India. Under circumstances where terracing is not feasible, trenching could be a significant step along with Sapota plantation to restore these ravines.
Key aspects to consider when conducting synchronous text-based online focus groups – a research note

ABSTRACT Online research methods have become increasingly important over the past decades. However, there is still a lack of research on the potential advantages and disadvantages of certain qualitative online research methods. This research note discusses key aspects of conducting synchronous text-based online focus groups and provides researchers with practical advice on their preparation and implementation. It draws on experience from a study conducted in Germany that used both face-to-face and online focus groups to explore consumer attitudes and preferences toward palm oil. While synchronous text-based online focus groups are cost-efficient and convenient, relevant challenges related to group size and composition, technical issues, the discussion process, and the lack of control of the environment have to be considered. The research note concludes that the opportunity to search the internet for information during discussion makes this method rather unsuitable for elicitating participants’ knowledge and attitudes.
The mystery of COVID-19: More questions emerge

New coronavirus, with the other name of SARS-Cov-2, first emerged in China's Wuhan city of Hubei province in December 2019. The virus causes a disease varying from asymptomatic course to acute respiratory distress syndrome or multiple organ failure. The disease caused by this virus discovered in 2019 named Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19), and then, a global epidemic (pandemic) has been declared on March 11, 2020, byWorld Health Organization (WHO). 1,2 Since COVID-19 cases have similar symptoms, clinical and laboratory findings with SARS-Cov and MERS-Cov patients, previously performed studies thought to be a pathfinder to define the pathogenesis of the disease.2,3 However, there are still some unsolved issues for the various aspects of COVID-19, although more than six months passed from the appearance of the first case in China. Of course, scientists have been studying the coronavirus to spread reliable life-saving information, as well as combating dangerous misunderstandings. Here are some of the most important questions to solve the mystery of COVID-19.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI KANTOR CAMAT TALANG KELAPA KABUPATEN BANYUASIN

The work environment is anything that exists around the worker and a physical or nonphysical working condition that can affect employees in completing their tasks or work, and can affect the employees' good or bad performance. This study aims to determine the effect of physical and non-physical work environment on employee performance in the Talang Kelapa Sub-District Office, Banyuasin District.The research method used was a quantitative method using primary and secondary data sources, with data analysis techniques using the classic assumptions namely normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, linearity test with multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing namely simultaneous test (f test) partial (t test) and coefficient of determination test (R2). In this study used a sample of 36 employees of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Talang Kelapa Sub-District Office Banyuasin.The results of this study indicate if the physical work environment has a significant effect on employee performance and is positively related, this can be seen from the t value of 3.169 while the t value of the distribution table 0.05 (5%) of 2.034 then t count> t table (3.169 > 2,034) and a significance value of 0.03 0.05. The influence of the physical work environment and non-physical work environment on employee performance has an influence together (10,910> 3.28) with Sig f 0.00 <0.05. Then the simultaneous test (F) physical work environment and non-physical work environment have an influence together on employee performance. Keywords: Physical Work Environment, Non-Physical Work Environment, Performance
On one rational integral operator of Fourier – Chebyshev type and approximation of Markov functions

О б р а з е ц ц и т и р о в а н и я: Поцейко ПГ, Ровба ЕА, Смотрицкий КА. Об одном рациональном интегральном операторе типа Фурье – Чебышёва и аппроксимации функций Маркова. Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. Математика. Информатика. 2020;2:6 –27 (на англ.). https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6508-2020-2-6-27 F o r c i t a t i o n: Patseika PG, Rouba YA, Smatrytski KA. On one rational integral operator of Fourier – Chebyshev type and approximation of Markov functions. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Mathematics and Informatics. 2020;2:6 –27. https://doi.org/10.33581/2520-6508-2020-2-6-27
Study of the workability and mechanical properties of concrete with added ground corncobs

This work reports on how Portland cement was modified by adding ground corncobs to its matrix. The main purpose of this study was to observe direct influence of the addition on the concrete mechanical properties. The recipe for the modified concrete included three amounts of ground corncobs: 3 w/%, 5 w/%, 10 w/%. Fresh concrete mix was tested for air content and pH value. Samples of concrete were characterized with the compressive strength, tensile splitting strength and bending strength after 28 d of curing. The porosity and thermal properties of the concrete were also measured. Summarized results were compared with the reference samples. Physical characteristics and thermal parameters of the concrete were determined. This study proved that ground corncobs decrease the final mechanical properties of the studied concrete.
FISIOLOGI TUMBUHAN : SUATU PENGANTAR

Buku ini dimaksudkan untuk memperkaya bahan bacaan dalam bidang fisiologi tumbuhan, ditujukan khususnya untuk kepentingan bahan perkuliahan mahasiswa pada Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam serta masyarakat luas peminat kajian fisiologi tumbuhan.Secara umum materi buku ini meliputi: 1) Pendahuluan, yang menuliskan pengantar Fisiologi Tumbuhan, ditinjau dari teori dasar biologi yang berkontribusi terhadap munculnya pengembangan ilmu Fisiologi Tumbuhan, 2) Bagian yang mendiskusikan hubungan tumbuhan dengan lingkungan yaitu didiskusikan pada Bab II dan Bab III, 3) Bagian yang membahas proses fisiologis tumbuhan yang didiskusikan pada Bab IV-XII.
Analisis Kecurangan pada Pengelolaan Dana Desa dalam Perspektif Fraud Hexagon

This research aims to examine and analyze the factors that influence fraud in the management of village funds from the perspective of hexagon theory in the Rokan Hulu Regency in Riau Province. The population in this study were all village officials in Rokan Hulu Regency, Riau Province. This study uses a probability sampling method with a simple random sampling technique. The research hypothesis testing was carried out with a Partial Least Square (PLS) based Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach. Based on the results of research, only stimulus (obedience pressure), capability (competence), collusion (unethical act), opportunity ( Internal control) affect fraud.Meanwhile, razionalitation (organizational culture) and ego (leadership style) do not affect fraud. This research was only carried out within the scope of the local government of the Rokan Hulu district, so the results of this study were more representative of the situation locally.The results of this study confirm that several factors can cause fraud to occur, and therefore village officials should jointly improve the quality of village fund management.
Treating children with co-occurring stuttering and speech sound disorder: a long-term follow up study

ABSTRACT Purpose: To conduct long-term follow-up assessment on children who had previously undergone concurrent, direct treatment for co-occurring stuttering and speech sound disorder. Methods: Four children (6;10–7;7 years) were followed-up approximately 40 months after commencing Stage 1 of the Lidcombe Program. The primary outcome for stuttering, percentage of syllables stuttered, was assessed on within – and beyond-clinic samples. Percentage of consonants correct, the primary speech outcome, was gathered on single-word and connected-speech samples. Primary outcomes were analysed for statistically significant change and to assess stability of treatment gains. Additionally, formal assessment of phonological awareness ability was conducted. Results: At long-term follow-up, 2 participants had experienced relapse of stuttering. Three of the four children were within age-expected norms for percentage of consonants correct, while one participant was rated at a mild-moderate severity level on this measure. All four children had assessment scores that were within normal limits for phonological awareness. Conclusion: Children with co-occurring stuttering and speech sound disorder may be treated concurrently using direct therapy approaches in the short-term, however may be more prone to relapse across both disorders. For this caseload of children, a longer maintenance period is recommended, with regular assessments being undertaken to ensure stability of treatment gains in the long-term.
The growth performance and haematology of cockerel chicks fed with sweetorange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel meal

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and haematology of Isa Brown cockerels to graded levels of sun-dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel meal (SOPM). Five different diets namely the control(T0) and four test diets T1, T2, T3 and T4 in which SOPM replaced maize 0 %, 2.50 %, 5.0 %, 7.50 and 10.00 % respectively. Each diet served as a treatment and each treatment was replicated 3 times in a completely randomized design. There were 10 birds per replicate making a total of 150 birds for the study. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. The results obtained showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in final weight, weight gain and feed intake as the level of SOPM in the diet increased. Feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were not affected. No mortality was recorded. The value of haematological parameters obtained in this study was not significantly (P< 0.05). The results of this study show that SOPM is not a suitable alternative to maize in the form it was used.
CLINICAL PROFILE AND RISK FACTORS FOR BENIGN PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN THE SUBHIMALAYAN RANGES OF NORTH INDIA

Background: To study the clinical profile and risk factors for benign peptic ulcer disease. Material and Methods: A total of 200 patients of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) diagnosed on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included. The socio-demographic profile, risk factors, clinical and endoscopic findings were recorded. Results: A total of 200 patients of peptic ulcer disease were included, out of which 168(84%) were males, while 32 (16%) were females. Most of the patients (61%) were between age 31-60 years with mean age of 47 years. Most of patients were farmers from rural areas and belonged to low socioeconomic status. History of smoking and alcohol intake was present in 106(53%) and 70( 35 %) patients respectively.Most common presenting complaints were epigastric pain and/or burning in 72 (36%) , followed by upper abdomen discomfort 70(35%) and upper gastrointestinal bleed 58(29%). Duodenal ulcer (DU) was present in 152 (76%), gastric ulcer(GU) in 30 (15%) while 18 (9%) had both DU and GU. Most of the patients had Forrest III ulcer 167 (83.5%) followed by Forrest IIc ulcer 13 (6.5%). H. pylori was detected by rapid urease test on endoscopic biopsy specimen in 156 (78 % ) of the total 200 patients of peptic ulcer disease. H. pylori was detected in 78.94 % case of DU, 60% case of GU and 100% cases of both DU and GU. Conclusion: PUD is a multifactorial health problem affecting almost all populations worldwide. The major risk factors associated with PUD included tobacco and alcohol consumption besides low socioeconomic status, rural background and occupation of farming. Our findings indicate the substantial role of H. pylori and painkiller ingestion in the pathogenesis of PUD. Duodenal ulcer is most common type followed by gastric ulcer. Most had Forrest III ulcer followed by Forrest IIc.
Legal Gender Recognition in Portugal: A Path to Self-Determination

This paper presents research on the enforcement and impact of the first legal gender recognition legislation in Portugal (Law no.7/2011). The study describes how the administrative process created by the law functioned during its initial 5-year period, and identifies challenges and processes of resistance to this legal innovation. Simultaneously, it seeks to assess the impact of the law on the social and psychological well-being of trans people, including in their access to vital spheres of social life such as education and employment. The research employs a mixed-methods approach and a multi-informant methodology: an online questionnaire was completed by 68 trans and non-binary people, and semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out with various selected stakeholders: representatives of trans and LGBTIQ+ organisations (n=5), health professionals identified as experts in the topic and as gatekeepers in legal gender recognition processes (n=12), and trans people (n=6). Results show, on the one hand, the significant positive impact that legal gender recognition has on the psychological well-being and social welfare of the participants. On the other hand, results also show several challenges and forms of resistance to the implementation of the law, in particular those challenges resulting from the fact that legal gender recognition depended on a clinical diagnosis and the provision of a clinical report.
Quantifying Eukaryotic Gene Regulation in Hormone Response and Disease.

Quantifying Eukaryotic Gene Regulation in Hormone Response and Disease. by Christopher Michael Vockley Department of Cell Biology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Brigid Hogan, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Timothy Reddy, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Blanche Capel, Chair ___________________________ Gregory Crawford ___________________________ Eda Yildirim An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cell Biology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2016 Copyright by Christopher Michael Vockley 2016
Janus two-dimensional materials based on group IV monochalcogenides

The discovery and design of two-dimensional (2D) materials has aided the development of novel nanoscale devices for various applications. Here, we show the structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of 15 2D materials based on Janus substitution (atomic layer substitution) of group IV monochalcogenides. Although group IV monochalcogenides have already been extensively studied because of their very promising piezoelectric and thermoelectric properties, these Janus materials appear as potential candidates for similar applications but with a broken symmetry that can enrich their electronic and optical properties and the coupling of these with other physical properties. Based on first-principles calculations, we investigate the stability of the Janus materials according to energetic, dynamical, and mechanical criteria. Understanding of the physical properties of these 2D materials can provide guidance for the development of novel nanoscale electronic devices.