Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of some new insecticides against rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker under field conditions

A field experimental trial was conducted during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 to evaluate comparative efficacy of some insecticides against rice yellow stem borer. The results clearly indicated that, yellow stem borer infestation after insecticidal application, i.e per cent dead heats varied from 1.8 -13.2 and white ears from 0.4 - 25.6 per cent over the rabi seasons. Chlorantraniliprole0.4 G @ 10 kg/hectare followed by chorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 150 ml/ hectare with average 1.9 and 2.5 per cent dead hearts and 0.7 and 1.0 per cent white ears damage respectively. Carbofuran 3G @ 25kg/hectare was the next best treatment in controlling the stem borer damage with 3.9 per cent dead heart and 4.5 white ear damage after insecticidal application. Regarding the yield chlorantraniliprole 0.4 G recorded higher average yield (69.63 q/ha) and all other insecticidal treatments showed significantly superior over untreated control (47.21 q/ha).
Information and Support Needs of Parents With Premature Infants: An Integrative Review

International research, while mostly conducted in high-income countries, repeatedly states that parents of premature infants have increased needs and require additional information and varied support channels after the infant’s initial discharge from hospital. However, the perceived self-reported needs of parents concerned with the caregiving of premature infants during the initial time period at home after discharge are not well known. This integrative review explores all extant literature that embodies self-reported or parent-quoted perceptions, experiences, and parent testimonials related to post-discharge infant caregiving information and support needs published from January 1990 to April 2019. Generated findings from the review that reveal parents, regardless of country, consistently reported unmet information and support needs, coupled with a lack of adequate community-based and health care professional support. Current gaps in literature are identified and recommendations for future research are also addressed.
How time pressure is associated with both work engagement and emotional exhaustion: The moderating effects of resilient capabilities at work

Resilience in the organizational context is a fruitful concept for understanding employees’ success in dealing with workplace adversity. Through a diary study, we have examined the interaction effects of time pressure and different work-related capabilities of resilience (i.e. emotional coping, comprehensive planning, positive reframing, and focused action) on emotional exhaustion and work engagement of employees. A sample of 79 employees (54.4% male) responded to two daily surveys (after work and before bedtime) for a period of five consecutive workdays. Results show that time pressure had a positive association with emotional exhaustion. Further, time pressure showed a positive association with work engagement, but only when considering additional personal resources. Positive reframing was positively related to work engagement on the day-level but did not moderate the link between time pressure and the outcomes. Emotional coping as well as focused action decreased sensitivity to time pressure. The results underpin the impact of different work-related capabilities of resilience and provide novel theoretical and practical implications.
Effects of Some Heavy Metals on Germination and Seedling Growth of Sorghum

Topraklarda agir metal kirlenmesi cogu bitkinin tohum cimlenmesini ve fide gelisimini olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bu arastirma, Ni (nikel), Cd (kadmiyum), Pb (kursun), Cr (krom) ve Hg (civa)’ nin farkli dozlarinin (0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg L-1) sorgumun cimlenme ve fide gelisimi uzerine etkilerini belirlemek amaciyla yurutulmustur. Arastirma, 2017 yilinda Akdeniz Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi’nde laboratuvar kosullarinda yurutulmustur. N48×Early Sumac sorgum cesidi bitki materyali olarak kullanilmistir. Bu arastirmada agir metallerin etkisini belirlemek icin cimlenme orani (CO), nispi cimlenme indeksi (NCI), ortalama cimlenme suresi (OCS), nispi canlilik indeksi (NCI), nispi kok uzunlugu (NKU), nispi sap uzunlugu (NSU), kok yas agirligi (KYA) ve sap yas agirligi (SYA) ozellikleri incelenmistir. Arastirma sonuclari agir metallerin hem cimlenme hem de fide ozelliklerini olumsuz etkiledigini gostermistir. Ayrica, kadmiyumun cimlenme ozellikleri uzerine olumsuz etkisi sinirli duzeydeyken, fide ozellikleri uzerinde ciddi olumsuz etkileri olmustur. Agir metal dozlarindaki artis da incelenen ozellikleri olumsuz etkilemistir. Sonucta, bu calismada kullanilan agir metallerin sorgumun incelenen ozellikler uzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip olmakla birlikte, ozellikle Hg ve Cd digerlerinden daha fazla olumsuz etkiye neden olmustur.
Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst): A Non-Food Oilseed Crop with Great Potential: A Review

Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is an oilseed crop in the Brassicaceae family. Crambe’s ability to survive in diverse environmental conditions, its unique oil composition, the high oil content, suitability for the production of slip agents for plasticizers, the capacity to be easily included in common crop rotations, and its adaptability to equipment used for small grain cultivation has renewed the interest in this emerging crop. Crambe is considered one of the main sources of erucic acid, which can be up to 60% of its seed oil content. Erucic acid (C22:1) is a fatty acid with industrial importance since it is used to produce erucamide, key ingredient in the plastic industry. Inclusion of crambe into crop rotations can be beneficial because of its short life cycle, low fertility requirements, resistance to pest and diseases, and relative drought tolerance. Currently high erucic acid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) (HEAR) is the principal source for erucic acid. However, the risk of contaminating food quality rapeseed (i.e., canola) by cross-pollination and the negative impact on climate, due to high inputs, are potential limitations to expand HEAR cultivation. Crambe has thus great potential to, at least, partially replace HEAR as a source of erucic acid, if the current knowledge-gap in agronomic management and crop improvement (seed yield and quality) can be addressed. Seed yield needs to be increased to be able to compete with HEAR. In addition, reducing glucosinolates and fiber in crambe meal may increase its inclusion in monogastrics rations. The objective of this review was to compile and summarize new and existing information on agricultural practices in crambe production and management to identify gaps in knowledge and areas for future research to increase the cultivation of crambe.
Spiritual well-being as predictor of health behavior efficacy in older patients of selected Medical University Hospitals

Spiritual health is one of the aspects of health that is necessary to pay attention to this aspect. Spiritual health of the aged is associated with several factors which in particular may affect other aspects of their health; therefore, this study also sought to examine the relationship between spiritual health and self-effi cacy of health behaviors in the aged. In this study, statistical population was patients aged 60 years and older who were hospitalized in two hospitals affi liated with Isfahan University of medical sciences. The subjects were recruited through convenience sampling method. The data was collected by a three-part questionnaire consisted of a) demographic and health related characteristics, b) The Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP) and c) Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) and were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (mainly multiple regression analysis) in SPSS software. The subjects consisted of 210 participants (116 males, 93 females) with mean (SD) age of 72.5 (8.5) years. The results showed signifi cant relationship between health behaviors effi cacy and gender (t=2.44, df=207, p=.16), income (F3,208=5.8, P<.001) and education level (F4,208=9.25, P<.001). Findings showed that the entered predictor variables were accounted for 27% of total variance (R 2) of the health behaviors effi cacy (P<0.001, F2, 207=38.4). Spirituality may be an important explanatory factor of subjective health behavior effi cacy in older patients. Therefore, it is worthwhile for the health care professionals to take spiritual care into account as an important factor that may help the aged patients adopt healthy behaviors.
Dynamic hedging of prices of Natural Gas in Mexico

Los precios de venta de primera mano del gas natural (GN) en Mexico tuvieron una relacion dinamica, pero con retrasos, con los precios internacionales de los futuros de GN durante el periodo de enero de 2012 a junio de 2017. A partir de una estrategia de cobertura en la que se emplean futuros de GN y utilizando un modelo MGARCH VCC para estimar las variaciones condicionales con retrasos de 20 y 40 dias de los precios de los futuros, se muestra como se comportan las coberturas dinamicas de GN, suponiendo precios teoricos futuros del dolar estadounidense en pesos mexicanos. A traves de una prueba retrospectiva, se hallo que las predicciones de las razones de cobertura optima mejoran con periodos cortos de pronostico y periodos cercanos de observacion. El modelo de cobertura dinamica propuesto puede extenderse a otros mercados de combustibles. Se destaca la importancia de la cobertura de los precios del GN dado el tamano del mercado y la magnitud del riesgo al que se encuentran expuestos los participantes.
Distribution of Deep Gray Matter Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Lymphomatosis Cerebri

We herein report the distribution of gray matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in two patients with lymphomatosis cerebri (LC). In our patients, the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence of brain MRI demonstrated a bilateral and diffuse high signal intensity, not only in the white matter but also in the thalamus, globus pallidus, putamen, and hippocampus. Among the deep gray matter, the caudate head and putamen (striatum) were relatively spared when compared with the globus pallidus, thalamus, and hippocampus. Interestingly, we found seven previous reports of similar MRI findings, with relative sparing of the striatum, in patients with LC. This finding may be characteristic of LC and help facilitate its diagnosis. Further investigations of a larger number of LC patients are necessary to confirm these findings.
Exploring Hong Kong primary students’ English writing motivation: relationships between writing self-efficacy and task value

ABSTRACT As an intimidating school subject for students globally, writing requires a high level of motivation, especially for second language (L2) learners. Despite abundant research on motivation in both first language (L1) writing and L2 learning, L2 writing motivation warrants more attention. To bridge the gap, the study intends to present an overall picture of Hong Kong primary students’ English writing motivation level and the sophisticated interplay between two important motivational variables (i.e. self-efficacy and task value). Four hundred and thirty-three 4th–6th graders participated in the study. The findings revealed a medium level of writing motivation for the students. MANOVA results found significant differences in the levels of self-efficacy and task value (i.e. interest, and importance and usefulness) across the grades. The 5th graders’ motivation level was significantly lower than the 4th and the 6th graders’. Additionally, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) suggested an intricate relationship between task value and self-efficacy. Specifically, interest predicted all the aspects of self-efficacy in English writing (i.e. self-efficacy in language, organisation, content, grammar, and process), whereas importance and usefulness predicted only self-efficacy in grammar and process. Important implications are discussed.
Foraging Behaviors of Hexaplex trunculus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) Juveniles

ABSTRACT Foraging behaviors of juvenile Hexaplex trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758), a predatory snail, preying on the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were investigated. To understand the mechanisms of the prey-predator relationship between young forms of these species and assess the foraging capabilities of the snails, size selection and attacktype experiments were set up. Furthermore, the predation signatures, which are used as a valuable tool for ecology and paleoecology studies, were measured with an alternative method; their locations were classified and related with the predator-prey sizes to make some descriptions. Snails (as two size categories, about 2–6 and 6–11 mm shell length (SL) during the experimental period) typically accessed the mussel (as four size categories up to 20 mm SL) flesh by drilling and/or marginal chipping. About 90% of the shell samples had at least one attack signature from each attack type. By the end of the experimental period, 74% of all of the attacks with the visible predation signature were made by drilling and 26% by chipping; attack type did not differ according to predator or prey size. Group-attacking events were observed frequently during the experiments as well as solitary attacks; 48% of the mussel shells that had at least one attack signature had multiple attack signatures. Positions of the drill holes were dense over anterior-dorsal areas and their distributions did not differ according to snail size. Drill hole diameters were found to be related with snail and also mussel sizes by linear regression. Even though both small and large juvenile snails were capable of foraging on mussels that were three or four times larger than themselves, they showed size preference for particular mussel size classes. The ratio of the prey size/predator size did not have any effect on the attack type of the snails. After reaching 9 mm (auxiliary experiments), snails started to consume larger mussels (more than 40 mm) as well as the individuals from smaller groups.
Comparison of domain adaptation and active learning techniques for quality of transmission estimation with small-sized training datasets [Invited]

Machine learning (ML) is currently being investigated as an emerging technique to automate quality of transmission (QoT) estimation during lightpath deployment procedures in optical networks. Even though the potential network-resource savings enabled by ML-based QoT estimation has been confirmed in several studies, some practical limitations hinder its adoption in operational network deployments. Among these, the lack of a comprehensive training dataset is recognized as a main limiting factor, especially in the early network deployment phase. In this study, we compare the performance of two ML methodologies explicitly designed to augment small-sized training datasets, namely, active learning (AL) and domain adaptation (DA), for the estimation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an unestablished lightpath. This comparison also allows us to provide some guidelines for the adoption of these two techniques at different life stages of a newly deployed optical network infrastructure. Results show that both AL and DA permit us, starting from limited datasets, to reach a QoT estimation capability similar to that achieved by standard supervised learning approaches working on much larger datasets. More specifically, we observe that a few dozen additional samples acquired from selected probe lightpaths already provide significant performance improvement for AL, whereas a few hundred samples gathered from an external network topology are needed in the case of DA.
Alternative feed ingredients in fish diets: Distiller's dried grains with solubles

Kurutulmus damitma kalintilari ve cozunur maddelerinin (DDGS) basta misir olmak uzere bugday, arpa ve sorgum gibi tahillarda veya karisimlarinda bulunan sekerin enzim ve mayalarla fermantasyonundan sonra karbondioksitin ve etanolun ayrilmasi sonucu geriye kalan kismin kurutulmasi ile elde edilen bir yem hammaddesidir. Yuksek enerji ve orta duzey protein icerigi, nispeten dusuk fosfor orani ve ucuz maliyeti nedeni ile su urunleri yem sektorunde kullanilabilecek onemli bir alternatif yem hammadde kaynagidir. DDGS, bircok bitkisel protein kaynaginda olan anti besinsel madde icermemesi nedeniyle de dikkat cekmektedir. Misirdan elde edilen DDGS genel olarak, %22-37 arasinda ham protein, %3-15 arasinda ham yag, %2-5 ham kul, %5-11 ham seluloz ve dusuk oranda nisasta (%4-9) icerigine sahiptir. Yuksek miktarda doymamis yag asidi (%86,7), linoleik asit %59, linolenik asit %7,8, DHA %0,14 ve dusuk miktarda doymus yag asidi (%13,6) icermektedir. Ayrica %3,9 oraninda maya, %7,6 oraninda β-glukan icermesi nedeniyle baliklarin bagisiklik sistemine olumlu katki sagladigi ve patojen organizmalara karsi direnci artirdigi bildirilmektedir.
The effect of income shifting on the implied cost of equity capital: evidence from US multinational corporations

This study examines the effect of income shifting on the implied cost of equity capital (ICOE) for US multinational corporations (MNCs). We find that income shifting is significantly positively associated with the ICOE after controlling for corporate tax avoidance and other determinants of the ICOE. On average, a one-standard deviation increase in income shifting is associated with an increase in the ICOE of around 0.37%. Our main results are robust to additional tests of risk-pricing and endogeneity. Furthermore, the association between income shifting and the ICOE is more pronounced for MNCs operating in low-quality information environments and where corporate governance monitoring is inadequate. Overall, our results show that the capital market perceives the income shifting of MNCs as a significantly risky undertaking.
Aging and Senescence across Reproductive Traits and Survival in Superb Fairy-Wrens (Malurus cyaneus)

Why do senescence rates of fitness-related traits often vary dramatically? By considering the full aging trajectories of multiple traits, we can better understand how a species’ life history shapes the evolution of senescence within a population. Here, we examined age-related changes in sex-specific survival, reproduction, and several components of reproduction using a long-term study of a cooperatively breeding songbird, the superb fairy-wren (Malurus cyaneus). We compared aging patterns between traits by estimating standardized rates of maturation, age of onset of senescence, and rates of senescence while controlling for confounding factors reflecting individual variability in life history. We found striking differences in aging and senescence patterns between survival and reproduction as well as between reproductive traits. In both sexes, survival started to decline from maturity onward. In contrast, all reproductive traits showed improvements into early adulthood, and many showed little or no evidence of senescence. In females, despite senescence in clutch size, number of offspring surviving to independence did not decline in late life, possibly due to improvements in maternal care with age. Superb fairy-wrens have exceptionally high levels of extragroup paternity, and while male within-group reproductive success did not change with age, extragroup reproductive success showed a dramatic increase in early ages, followed by a senescent decline, suggesting that male reproductive aging is driven by sexual selection. We discuss how the superb fairy-wrens’ complex life history may contribute to the disparate aging patterns across different traits.
Detection of UHR Frequencies by a Convolutional Neural Network From Arase/PWE Data

We have developed the automatic detection scheme for upper hybrid resonance (UHR) frequency using a convolutional neural network (CNN) from the electric field spectra obtained by the plasma wave experiment (PWE) aboard Arase. In this paper, we investigate the practical capability of this scheme in terms of actual scientific use case. We find that the average error rate is below 7.8% when the wave frequency is above 30 kHz and the wave spectral intensity is less than 10−5 mV 2/m2/Hz. About 91% of the data obtained by the high‐frequency analyzer (HFA) aboard the Arase satellite satisfies these conditions. To improve the accuracy of the determined UHR frequencies in a wide frequency range, we used another receiver, the onboard frequency analyzer (OFA), which enables us to detect low‐frequency UHR emissions. We confirmed that the averaged error rate derived by the OFA spectra becomes better than that derived from the HFA spectra in a frequency range below 20 kHz. We report the performance of the UHR frequency determination under the different geomagnetic conditions. We find that the UHR frequency can be determined with good accuracy using the CNN from the frequency‐time diagram both during geomagnetically quiet and disturbed conditions. We conclude that the CNN‐based UHR frequency determination is a reliable method to derive the electron density along the satellite orbit through observations of UHR frequencies, and this method contributes to studies on dynamics of the plasmasphere.
Exploring the Construction of Identities in Written Humorous Narratives by L2 Learners of Greek

The aim of this paper is to explore how adult learners of Greek as a second language construct their identities through humorous written narratives. Analyzing 135 written humorous narratives with Bamberg’s (1997) narrative positioning model and the knowledge resources of script opposition and target from the General Theory of Verbal Humor (Attardo 1994, 2001), we detect two main categories: (a) narratives of legitimizing identities and (b) narratives of resistance identities. Here we discuss one narrative of each category in which narrators position themselves towards aspects of the Greek sociolinguistic context. Humor emerges as a basic tool for identity construction and stance expression, as narrators either align themselves with dominant values of the L2 context or disassociate themselves from it.