Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional interpretation of the KTB gravity and magnetic anomalies

A combination of a closely spaced surface gravity survey with a high-resolution helicopter aeromagnetic survey as well as borehole gravity and magnetometer measurements allowed a detailed three-dimensional (3-D) modeling of the anomalies at the KTB drill site. The models could be constrained by new evidence from a 3-D seismic survey and by structural geology and petrophysical data from drill cores and cuttings. The source body for the positive gravity anomaly consist of high-density metabasite. The vertical derivative of the Bouguer anomaly does not resemble the aeromagnetic anomaly in all areas, indicating that parts of the metabasites are more or less nonmagnetic. Surprisingly and confirming the observation in other deep drill holes into continental crystalline basement rocks, pyrrhotite is the dominant magnetic mineral below a depth of about 300 m. Magnetite mainly occurs in the depth intervals 360–520 m and 7300–7900 m. The lower interval causes the anomalous vertical gradient of 60 nT/km for the geomagnetic field. The occurrence of strongly magnetic minerals in the borehole down to about 3000 m correlates with the lithology, while in the deeper parts it is more related to fissures and fault zones where chemical processes (reduction/oxidation) are active.
Evaluating Soil Management Using Particulate and Chemically Labile Soil Organic Matter Fractions

Particulate organic matter (POM), an established soil quality indicator, is too costly for routine testing by analytical labs. Chemical oxidation of labile soil organic matter is less costly and may prove to be an equally effective indicator. The objectives of this study were to test the relationship between POM and chemically labile organic matter (CLOM) and to evaluate the effects of soil management on POM and CLOM. The study was conducted within a long-term crop rotation x fertility treatment study in central Pennsylvania. Crop rotation sequences were continuous corn (Zea mays L.), corn-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ], 4 yr of corn followed by 4 yr of alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.), and corn-oat (Avena saliva L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-2 yr of red clover hay (Trifolium pratense L.). Fertilizer treatments were mineral fertilizer, N-based liquid dairy manure, and P-based liquid dairy manure. A significant linear relationship between POM-C and CLOM-C treatment means was observed (r 2 = 0.74). Both POM-C and CLOM-C concentrations were greatest for manure-based fertility treatments and for crop rotations receiving the most frequent applications of manure. Only CLOM-C, however, distinguished between the N-based and P-based manure treatments. Further development of CLOM-C as a soil quality indicator may yield a reliable, cost-effective soil quality management tool.
Petrogenetic significance of LA-ICP-MS trace-element data on quartz from the Borborema Pegmatite Province, northeast Brazil

Abstract Quartz from different zones within five granitic pegmatites of the rare-element class from the Borborema Pegmatite Province in northeast Brazil were analysed for fourteen trace elements using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The concentrations of Li (6-150 ppm), B (1-9 ppm) and Ge (1-23 ppm) in quartz show a positive correlation with Al (30-770 ppm). The concentrations of these elements increase from the border zone to the quartz core of pegmatites of the spodumene or lepidolite subtypes. The Ge concentrations in the quartz core are the highest so far reported in igneous quartz. In the less evolved pegmatites of the beryl-columbite subtype, the Al, Li, B, and Ge concentrations in quartz from all zones remain at the same level as the border and wall zones. The Ti concentrations in quartz from the core of the more evolved pegmatites are below 3 ppm (with Al >250 ppm), contrasting with 7-25 ppm (with Al <280 ppm) in samples from the border and wall zones of the less evolved and more evolved pegmatites. The concentrations of Al, Li, B, Ge, and Ti in quartz are therefore confirmed as good indicators of the degree of magma fractionation and analyses of pegmatite quartz cores can be used for exploration purposes to distinguish pegmatites with high metallogenic potential. Atoms of Li and Al are incorporated into quartz such that Li/Al ranges between 0.75 and 1.0. This suggests a coupled substitution of the form Si4+ ↔ (Li+ + Al3+). The other elements analysed either showed an erratic distribution (e.g. Be and P) or were below the respective limits of detection (Na, K, Rb, Ca, Sr, Mn, Fe) in most samples.
Bifurcations and limit cycle prediction of rotor systems with uid-lm bearings using Spectral Submanifolds

Many rotating machines utilize a ﬂuid type bearing. Despite their reliability and high load capacity, these 6 bearings often show instabilities due to the interaction between the ﬂuid media and the rotating shaft. These instabili-7 ties, known as oil-whirl and oil-whip, occur due to a Hopf bifurcation; being the parameter the shaft speed. Identifying 8 the type of bifurcation, either sub-critical or super-critical, is an important task to determine the safety of the machines 9 near the instability speed. This work presents an approach, labeled Center Spectral Submanifold (CSSM), to obtain 10 limit cycles near Hopf bifurcations of rotors supported on ﬂuid-ﬁlm bearings. The basis of the method is the obtention 11 of the center manifold of the system, which allows one to assess the type of bifurcation at hand. The CSSM is based 12 on the idea of Spectral Submanifolds (SSMs) and the parameterization method, and it’s a powerful tool to analyze the 13 bifurcation of high-dimensional rotor systems. The method is evaluated by comparing its results with an open-source 14 numerical continuation package (MATCONT) in two systems: a simple and a realistic rotor system. The results show 15 that the CSSM can be used reliably to learn if the rotor system presents sub-or super-critical bifurcations, to perform 16 parametric studies with diﬀerent bearing properties and also to predict the amplitude of the limit cycles. 17
The role of remote sensing in monitoring global bulk tropospheric temperatures

The IPCC AR4 (2007) discussed bulk tropospheric temperatures as an indicator of atmospheric energy content. Here, we examine the latest publications about, and versions of, the AR4 data sets. The metric studied is the trend that represents the average rate of atmospheric energy accumulation that relates to increased greenhouse gas forcing. For temperatures from microwave instruments, UAHuntsville's indicates the lowest trend for 1979–2009 and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration – Center for Satellite Applications and Research (NOAA-STAR)'s the highest, being slightly higher than Remote Sensing Systems' (RSS). Updated analyses using radiosonde data suggest RSS and STAR experienced spurious warming after the mid-1990s. When satellite and radiosonde data sets are considered, the global trends for 1979–2009 of the lower and mid-troposphere are +0.15 and +0.06°C decade−1 respectively. Error ranges of these estimates, if we do not apply information that indicates some data sets contain noticeable trend problems, are at least ±0.05°C decade−1, which needs reduction to characterize forcing and response in the climate system accurately.
The Penguin history of New Zealand

New Zealand was the last country in the world to be discovered and settled by humankind. It was also the first to introduce a full democracy. Between those events, and in the century that followed the franchise, the movements and the conflicts of human history have been played out more intensively and more rapidly in New Zealand than anywhere else on Earth. This title tells that story in all its colour and drama. The narrative that emerges is an inclusive one about men and women, Maori and Pakeha. It shows that British motives in colonizing New Zealand were essentially humane; and that Maori, far from being passive victims of a "fatal impact", coped heroically with colonization and survived by selectively accepting and adapting what Western technology and culture had to offer. The latter part of the book reveals how an insulated and dependent British colony transformed itself into an independent nation, open to and competing with technological and cultural influences sweeping the globe.
Clinical-Epidemiological Profile of Congenital And Acquired Heart Diseases Admitted To A Private Hospital

presence of syndromes in 31.2 % and associated comorbidities in 34.7%. In total, 530 procedures were performed, of which 77% were surgeries, 18.5% hemodynamic procedures and 4.5% hybrid procedures. A risk score called RACHS-1 (adjusted risk for surgery and congenital heart disease) was used to categorize the surgeries. There was a predominance of category 3 (38.4%), followed by category 2 (28.6%), category 1 (18.2%), category 4 (9.6%) and category 6 (5.2%). Conclusions The complexity of the profile of the found heart diseases reiterates that measures are needed for an integrated approach of different specialties and professionals for the treatment of these patients.
Digital Commons @ University of Digital Commons @ University of South Florida South Florida

[ 1 ] A comprehensive data set for young lavas erupted along the Alaska-Aleutian arc is used to examine how fluid and sediment transport rates and melting processes vary in response to systematic changes in subduction rate and dip along the arc and across the ocean-continent boundary. Positive correlations between convergence rate, volcano volume, and 238 U excesses suggest that magmatic output is closely linked to the size of the fluid flux which occurred <10 kyr prior to eruption. Sediment-sensitive tracers like Th/Nb, Ce/Ce*, and 10 Be/ 9 Be also increase with convergence rate. However, the inferred 10 Be/ 9 Be ratio of this component is low relative to that in the incoming sediments, and this could reflect either sediment removal by accretion or storage in the mantle wedge for (cid:1) 0.5–1 Myr. Th/Nb and Th/Nd ratios exceed those expected from bulk sediment addition in the center of the arc suggesting that the enhanced sediment signal reflects transfer in a partial melt phase, whereas partial melts from the subducted oceanic crust appear to be restricted to the western tear in the Pacific plate. Therefore the thermal structure at the slab-wedge interface in the center of the arc must lie close to, and possibly between, the sediment and basalt solidii and is thus constrained to be in the region of 670–740 (cid:1) C at 3 GPa. Elevated ( 230 Th/ 232 Th) ratios, the occurrence of 230 Th excesses and only modest 226 Ra excesses in many of the lavas are modeled as the products of dynamic melting effects superimposed upon a fluid-fluxed mantle wedge. The transition from oceanic to continental lithosphere seems to play an important role in determining the relative effects of fluid addition and partial melting upon U-Th disequilibria. We infer that the change from fast and steep plate subduction in the Aleutians to shallow
Where do particulate toxins reside ? An improved paradigm for the structure and dynamics of the urban mid-Atlantic aerosol

Discussions of excess mortality and morbidity from exposure to urban aerosol particles typically invoke the now 20-year-old trimodal aerosol paradigm proposed by Whitby to explain the structure and behavior of ambient aerosol volume and its major constituent, sulfate. However, this paradigm largely ignores the primary high-temperature combustion (HTC) components of the urban aerosol, which contribute minor amounts of the aerosol mass, but carry the bulk of the particulate toxins and numbers of aerosol particles. Studies encompassing the analyses of >100 size distributions of important intrinsic tracers of primary particles from HTC sources collected over the past decade in various environments show that urban aerosol contains a complex mixture of physically-discrete fresh and aged, primary particle populations from a variety of sources. Furthermore, whereas the behavior of fine-particulate aerosol mass and sulfate was described in terms of coagulation and accumulation aerosol scavenging of new secondary sulfate nuclei, studies reviewed herein suggest that the behavior of primary aerosol is mediated more by hygroscopic growth and cloud processing, accompanied by oxidation of SO{sub 2} on wet particles and droplets. The authors conclude that the distribution of airborne particulate toxins and their atmospheric behavior is far more complex than commonly conceptualized on the basismore » of the classical trimodal model, and they develop an extended paradigm in which the focus is on the primary accumulation aerosol. « less
Magnetic fingerprint of tsunami-induced deposits in the Ixtapa–Zihuatanejo Area, Western Mexico

The Pacific coast of Mexico has repeatedly been exposed to destructive tsunamis. Recent studies have shown that rock magnetic methods can be a promising approach for identification of tsunami- or storm-induced deposits. We present new rock magnetic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) results in order to distinguish tsunami deposits in the Ixtapa–Zihuatanejo area. The sampled, 80 cm-deep sequence is characterized by the presence of two anomalous sand beds within fine-grained coastal deposits. The lower bed is probably associated with the 14 March 1979 Petatlán earthquake (M W = 7.6), whereas the second one formed during the 21 September 1985 Mexico earthquake (M W = 8.1). Rock magnetic experiments discovered significant variations within the analysed sequence. Thermomagnetic curves reveal two types of behaviour: one in the upper part of the sequence, after the occurrence of the first tsunami, and the other in the lower part of the sequence, during that event and below. Analysis of hysteresis parameter ratios in a Day plot also allows us to distinguish two kinds of behaviour. The samples associated with the second tsunami plot in the pseudo-single-domain area. In contrast, specimens associated with the first tsunami and the time between both tsunamis display a very different trend, which can be ascribed to the production of a considerable amount of superparamagnetic grains, which might be due to pedogenic processes after the first tsunami. The studied profile is characterized by a sedimentary fabric with almost vertical minimum principal susceptibilities. The maximum susceptibility axis shows a declination angle D = 27°, suggesting a NNE flow direction which is the same for both tsunamis and normal currents. Standard AMS parameters display a significant enhancement within the transitional zone between both tsunamis. The study of rock magnetic parameters may represent a useful tool for the identification and understanding of tsunami deposits.
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in natural bog pools and those created by rewetting schemes

Anthropogenic drainage and cutting over of peatlands have historically occurred worldwide leading to erosion, issues with water quality, loss of biodiversity, and reduced rates of carbon accumulation. In recent years, rewetting measures have attempted to address these issues. Creating dams to block drainage ditches on peatlands is a common restoration tool, yet the ecological consequences of such management interventions are poorly understood. In particular, knowledge about the ecology of the thousands of pools created by drain blocking is limited even though they potentially provide valuable new habitat for aquatic species and food and water sources for terrestrial organisms. More research is needed to assess the suitability of these artificial pools as surrogates for naturally occurring peat pools with regard to the flora (e.g., bryophytes, algae, and macrophytes) and fauna (e.g., invertebrates and amphibians), which utilize them. Evidence suggests that (1) to maximize benefits to aquatic biota, land managers should consider creating an array of differently sized pools behind the dams as a broader size range would facilitate colonization by a wider range of taxa, (2) prioritizing landscapes close to existing water bodies would encourage faster colonization, and (3) even newly created pools with low macrophyte cover may be able to sustain substantial populations of larger fauna via algal primary production, consumption of detritus, and microbial processing of humic substances and methane. Ongoing programs of peatland restoration worldwide also afford unique opportunities to study how pool communities assemble and change over time. WIREs Water 2015, 2:65–84. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1063
Outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy with venous resection: a single center experience with 11 cases

Aim : To perform a retrospective evaluation of the morbidity and mortality rates and reliability of venous resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) procedures in our clinic. Material and Method : The records of 11 patients who underwent PD with venous resection between May 2016 and May 2021 in the Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Department of General Surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Eleven patients (five women and six men) were included. The patients’ mean age was 64.09±9.27 years (range 47-78). Four (36.36%) patients underwent type 1 reconstruction, one (9.09%) type 2 reconstruction, five (45.45%) type 3 reconstruction and one (9.09%) type 4 reconstruction. Eight (72.73%) patients experienced venous invasion according to the histopathology reports. Mean time between diagnosis and surgery was 14.91±11.33 days, and the mean follow-up time was 17.64±13.31 months. Grade C pancreatic fistula was observed in one (9.09%) patient, who died on the 17th postoperative day. No patients experienced recurrence or metastasis during surveillance. Conclusion : Pancreaticoduodenectomy with venous resection-reconstruction is safe and the only curative option in patients with pancreatic cancer and venous invasion.
Validation of GPS Radio Occultation Measurements on CHAMP by Vertical Sounding Observations in Europe

Ionospheric radio occultation (IRO) measurements have a big potential for monitoring the ionospheric behavior on global scale for now- and forecasting the ionospheric impact on radio systems. In this talk we validate the retrieved vertical electron density profiles (EDPs) derived from IRO measurements onboard CHAMP by using vertical sounding measurements at the five European vertical sounding stations Athens, Dourbes, Juliusruh, Rome and Tortosa within a horizontal cross section radius around the ionosonde site of 8 degrees and a time window of up to +/- 15 minutes. Since the first IRO measurements were performed onboard CHAMP in April 2001 more than 70000 electron density profiles have been retrieved by a model assisted technique so far. The comparison of IRO retrievals with ionosonde profiles obtained from the above mentioned ionosonde stations will be discussed.
Lithospheric structure of the Pannonian basin derived from seismic, gravity and geothermal data

Abstract The structure of the Pannonian basin is the result of distinct modes of Mid-Late Miocene extension exerting a profound effect on the lithospheric configuration, which continues even today. As the first manifestation of extensional collapse, large magnitude, metamorphic core complex style extension took place at the beginning of the Mid-Miocene in certain parts of the basin. Extrapolation of the present-day high heat flow in the basin, corrected for the blanketing effect of the basin fill, indicates a hot and thin lithosphere at the onset of extension. This initial condition, combined with the relatively thick crust inherited from earlier Alpine compressional episodes, appears to be responsible for the core complex type extension at the beginning of the syn-rift period. This type of extension is well documented in the northwestern Pannonian basin. Newly obtained deep reflection seismic and fission-track data integrated with well data from the southeastern part of the basin suggests that it developed in a similar fashion. Shortly after the initial period, the style of syn-rift extension changed to a wide-rift style, covering an area of much larger geographic extent. The associated normal faults revealed by industry reflection seismic data tend to dominate within the upper crust, obscuring pre-existing structures. However, several deep seismic profiles, constrained by gravity and geothermal modeling, image the entire lithosphere beneath the basin. It is the Mid-Miocene synrift extension which is still reflected in the structure of the Pannonian lithosphere, on the scale of the whole basin system. The gradually diminishing extension during the Late Miocene/Pliocene could not advance to the localization of extension into narrow rift zones in the Pannonian region, except some deep subbasins such as the Makó/Békés and Danube basins. These basins are underlain coincidently by anomalously thin crust (22–25 km) and lithosphere (45–60 km). Significant departures (up to 130 mW m−2) from the average present-day surface heat flow (c. 90 mW m−2) and intensive Pliocene alkaline magmatism are also regarded as evidence for the initiation of two newly defined narrow rift zones (Tisza and Duna) in the Pannonian basin system. However, both of these narrow rifts failed since the final docking of the Eastern Carpathians onto the European foreland excluded any further extension of the back-arc region.
Diffusion du coton génétiquement modifié en Chine : leçons sur les facteurs et les limites d’un succès

Les resultats d’une enquete recente en Chine confirment le succes de l’utilisation de varietes genetiquement modifiees de coton. Cette reussite n’est pas uniquement due aux qualites intrinseques de ces varietes. Elle provient d’un ensemble favorable de facteurs techniques et economiques et surtout a des regles de diffusion tres differentes de celles imposees dans les autres pays.
A hybrid deep neural network with statistical learning algorithms for �ood susceptibility modeling

Flood, with its environmental impact, is a naturally destructive process usually causes severe damage. Therefore, the determination of the areas susceptible to flood by the latest tools, which can render precise estimations, is essential to mitigate this damage. In this study, it was attempted to evaluate flood susceptibility in Lorestan, Iran using a novel hybrid approach including Deep Neural Network (DNN), Frequency Ratio (FR), and Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA). For this purpose, a geospatial database of floods, including 142 flood locations and 10 flood influencing variables, was used to predict the flood susceptibility areas. FR and SWARA were applied to weigh and score the flood influencing variables, while DNN, which is an excellent tool of machine learning and artificial intelligence, was used to prepare the inference ﬂood pattern. The performance of the models was checked by the area under the curve (AUC), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and various statistical tests. The outputs indicated that both of the proposed algorithms, DNN-FR and DNN-SWARA, were able to estimate the future flood zones with a precision of over 90%. The outputs also confirmed that although the two algorithms had a high goodness-of-fit and prediction accuracy, the DNN-FR (AUC=0.953) outperformed the DNN-SWARA (AUC=0.941). Thus, the DNN-FR algorithm was proposed to be applied as a more reliable and accurate tool for spatial estimation of flood zones.