Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coverage and Cost-of-Care Links: Addressing Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Hematologic Cancer and Their Caregivers

PURPOSE This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an oncology financial navigation (OFN) intervention, Coverage and Cost-of-Care Links (CC Links), among patients with hematologic cancer and their caregivers who are at increased risk of experiencing financial toxicity (FT). METHODS All patients who presented to the Division of Hematology and Bone and Marrow Transplant (BMT) at an National Cancer Institute–designated cancer center between April 2021 and January 2022 were screened for FT during inpatient and outpatient visits. Patients who screened positive for FT and met the inclusion criteria were recruited to participate in CC Links that provided financial navigation and assistance via a financial navigator. Caregivers of patients undergoing BMTs were also recruited to participate. Primary outcomes were defined as improvements in FT, distress, and physical and mental quality of life. RESULTS Fifty-four patients and 32 caregivers completed the intervention and pre-/postintervention surveys. CC Links resulted in statistically significant decreases in the Comprehensive Score for FT for both patients (|t| = 2.42, P = .019) and caregivers (|t| = 2.43, P = .021) and total FT (|t| = 2.13, P = .041) and material conditions scores (|t| = 2.25, P = .031) for caregivers only. Only 27% of eligible patients participated in the study, whereas 100% of eligible caregivers participated. The majority of participants rated the intervention highly for acceptability (89%) and appropriateness (88%). An average of $2,500 (USD) in financial benefits was secured per participant via CC Links. CONCLUSION CC Links was effective in decreasing FT among patients with hematologic cancer and their caregivers while demonstrating high acceptability and appropriateness ratings.
Association of Complex Lymphatic Drainage in Head and Neck Cutaneous Melanoma With Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Outcomes: A Cohort Study and Literature Review.

Importance Although sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a vital staging tool, its application in head and neck melanoma (HNM) is complicated by a higher false-negative rate (FNR) compared with other regions. This may be due to the complex lymphatic drainage in the head and neck. Objective To compare the accuracy, prognostic value, and long-term outcomes of SLNB in HNM with melanoma from the trunk and limb, focusing on the lymphatic drainage pattern. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort observational study at a single UK University cancer center included all patients with primary cutaneous melanoma undergoing SLNB between 2010 to 2020. Data analysis was conducted during December 2022. Exposures Primary cutaneous melanoma undergoing SLNB between 2010 to 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures This cohort study compared the FNR (defined as the ratio between false-negative results and the sum of false-negative and true-positive results) and false omission rate (defined as the ratio between false-negative results and the sum of false-negative and true-negative results) for SLNB stratified by 3 body regions (HNM, limb, and trunk). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare recurrence-free survival (RFS) and melanoma-specific survival (MSS). Comparative analysis of detected lymph nodes on lymphoscintigraphy (LSG) and SLNB was performed by quantifying lymphatic drainage patterns by number of nodes and lymph node basins. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression identified independent risk factors. Results Overall, 1080 patients were included (552 [51.1%] men, 528 [48.9%] women; median age at diagnosis 59.8 years), with a median (IQR) follow-up 4.8 (IQR, 2.7-7.2) years. Head and neck melanoma had a higher median age at diagnosis (66.2 years) and higher Breslow thickness (2.2 mm). The FNR was highest in HNM (34.5% vs 14.8% trunk or 10.4% limb, respectively). Similarly, the false omission rate was 7.8% in HNM compared with 5.7% trunk or 3.0% limbs. The MSS was no different (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.43-1.53), but RFS was lower in HNM (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.36-0.85). On LSG, patients with HNM had the highest proportion of multiple hotspots (28.6% with ≥3 hotspots vs 23.2% trunk and 7.2% limbs). The RFS was lower for patients with HNM with 3 or more affected lymph nodes found on LSG than those with fewer than 3 affected lymph nodes (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18-0.77). Cox regression analysis showed head and neck location to be an independent risk factor for RFS (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.01-2.50), but not for MSS (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.35-1.71). Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found higher rates of complex lymphatic drainage, FNR, and regional recurrence in HNM compared with other body sites on long-term follow-up. We advocate considering surveillance imaging for HNM for high-risk melanomas irrespective of sentinel lymph node status.
Association of soil fungal community composition with incidence of Fusarium wilt of banana in Malaysia

ABSTRACT Banana (Musa spp.), an important food crop in many parts of the world, is threatened by a deadly wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (TR4). Increasing evidence indicates that plant actively recruits beneficial microbes in the rhizosphere to suppress soil-borne pathogens. Hence, studies on the composition and diversity of the root-associated microbial communities are important for banana health. Research on beneficial microbial communities has focused on bacteria, although fungi can also influence soil-borne disease. Here, high-throughput sequencing targeting the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was employed to systematically characterize the difference in the soil fungal community associated with Fusarium wilt (FW) of banana. The community structure of fungi in the healthy and TR4-infected rhizospheres was significantly different compared with that of bulk soil within the same farm. The rhizosphere soils of infected plants exhibited higher richness and diversity compared with healthy plants, with significant abundance of Fusarium genus at 14%. In the healthy rhizosphere soil, Penicillium spp. were more abundant at 7% and positively correlated with magnesium. This study produced a detailed description of fungal community structure in healthy and TR4-infected banana soils in Malaysia and identified candidate biomarker taxa that may be associated with FW disease promotion and suppression. The findings also expand the global inventory of fungal communities associated with the components of asymptomatic and symptomatic banana plants infected by TR4.
Finite simply reducible groups are soluble

A finite group G is called simply reducible (briefly, an SR-group) if it has the following two properties: every element of this group is conjugate to its inverse; the tensor product of any two irreducible representations decomposes into a sum of irreducible representations of the group G with multiplicities not exceeding 1. It is proved that finite SR-groups are soluble. Bibliography: 13 titles.
The combination of oral and topical photoprotection with a standardized Polypodium leucotomos extract is beneficial against actinic keratosis

This study describes a prospective, multicentre, randomized controlled, open‐label study with three arms aimed at studying the differences between: [Cnt], self‐administered sun protection; [T], topical treatment; and [TO], topical + oral treatment; for the management of Actinic Keratosis (AK) in a cohort of subjects of advanced age displaying severe actinic damage (SAD).
Simulation of gas flow over a micro cylinder

Gas flow over a micro cylinder is simulated using both a compressible Navier-Stokes solver and a hybrid continuum /particle approach. The micro cylinder flow has low Reynolds number because of the small length scale and the low speed, which also indicates that the rarefied gas effect exists in the flow. A cylinder having a diameter of 20 microns is simulated under several flow conditions where the Reynolds number ranges from 2 to 50 and the Mach number varies from 0.1 to 0.8. It is found that the low Reynolds number flow can be compressible even when the Mach number is less than 0.3, and the drag coefficient of the cylinder increases when the Reynolds number decreases. The compressible effect will increase the pressure drag coefficient although the friction coefficient remains nearly unchanged. The rarefied gas effect will reduce both the friction and pressure drag coefficients, and the vortex in the flow may be shrunk or even disappear.
Differential detection for measurements of Faraday rotation by means of ac magnetic fields

We demonstrate that by using a combination of a Wollaston prism and two photodiodes the accuracy in the measurements of Faraday rotation with ac magnetic fields can be greatly improved. Our experiments were performed on microscope cover glass plates with thicknesses between 0.13 and 0.16 mm. We show that our setup is capable of distinguishing between the Faraday rotation signals of glass plates having a difference in thickness of a few micrometers, corresponding to Faraday rotations of hundreds of microdegrees per Tesla only.
Genetically identical twin-pair difference models support the amyloid cascade hypothesis

Abstract The amyloid cascade hypothesis has strongly impacted the Alzheimer's disease research agenda and clinical trial designs over the past decades, but precisely how amyloid-β pathology initiates the aggregation of neocortical tau remains unclear. We cannot exclude the possibility of a shared upstream process driving both amyloid-β and tau in an independent manner instead of there being a causal relationship between amyloid-β and tau. Here, we tested the premise that if a causal relationship exists, then exposure should be associated with outcome both at the individual level as well as within identical twin-pairs, who are strongly matched on genetic, demographic and shared environmental background. Specifically, we tested associations between longitudinal amyloid-β PET and cross-sectional tau PET, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline using genetically identical twin-pair difference models, which provide the unique opportunity of ruling out genetic and shared environmental effects as potential confounders in an association. We included 78 cognitively unimpaired identical twins with [18F]flutemetamol (amyloid-β)-PET, [18F]flortaucipir (tau)-PET, MRI (hippocampal volume) and cognitive data (composite memory). Associations between each modality were tested at the individual level using generalized estimating equation models, and within identical twin-pairs using within-pair difference models. Mediation analyses were performed to test for directionality in the associations as suggested by the amyloid cascade hypothesis. At the individual level, we observed moderate-to-strong associations between amyloid-β, tau, neurodegeneration and cognition. The within-pair difference models replicated results observed at the individual level with comparably strong effect sizes. Within-pair differences in amyloid-β were strongly associated with within-pair differences in tau (β = 0.68, P < 0.001), and moderately associated with within-pair differences in hippocampal volume (β = −0.37, P = 0.03) and memory functioning (β = −0.57, P < 0.001). Within-pair differences in tau were moderately associated with within-pair differences in hippocampal volume (β = −0.53, P < 0.001) and strongly associated with within-pair differences in memory functioning (β = −0.68, P < 0.001). Mediation analyses showed that of the total twin-difference effect of amyloid-β on memory functioning, the proportion mediated through pathways including tau and hippocampal volume was 69.9%, which was largely attributable to the pathway leading from amyloid-β to tau to memory functioning (proportion mediated, 51.6%). Our results indicate that associations between amyloid-β, tau, neurodegeneration and cognition are unbiased by (genetic) confounding. Furthermore, effects of amyloid-β on neurodegeneration and cognitive decline were fully mediated by tau. These novel findings in this unique sample of identical twins are compatible with the amyloid cascade hypothesis and thereby provide important new knowledge for clinical trial designs.
Leveraging COVID-era innovation for cervical cancer screening: Clinician awareness and attitudes toward self-sampling and rapid testing for HPV detection

Cervical cancer screening rates are declining in the US, with persistent disparities among vulnerable populations. Strategies to better reach under-screened communities are needed. The COVID pandemic sparked major shifts in healthcare delivery, including the accelerated development and adoption of rapid diagnostic testing, broadened access to remote care, and growing consumer demand for self-testing, which could be leveraged for cervical cancer. Rapid tests for the detection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) have the potential to improve cervical cancer screening coverage, and if coupled with patient-collected cervicovaginal samples, create an opportunity for self-testing. The objectives of this study were: 1) to examine whether COVID influenced clinician perspectives of rapid testing as a screening modality; and 2) to assess clinician awareness, perceived benefits and limitations, and willingness to adopt point-of-care HPV testing, patient self-sampling, and rapid HPV self-testing with self-collected samples. The methodology adopted consisted of an online cross-sectional survey (n = 224) and in-depth interviews (n = 20) were conducted with clinicians who perform cervical cancer screening in Indiana, ranked in the top ten states for cervical cancer mortality and with marked disparities across socio-demographic groups. The main findings show that about half the clinicians reported that the COVID pandemic had influenced their views on rapid testing as a screening modality both positively (greater public acceptability of rapid testing and impact on patient care) and negatively (concerns regarding accuracy of rapid tests). The majority of clinicians (82%) were willing to adopt rapid HPV testing at the point-of-care, while only 48% were willing to adopt rapid HPV self-testing with self-collected samples. In-depth interviews revealed provider concerns around patients’ ability to collect their own sample, report results correctly, and return to the clinic for follow-up and other preventive care. Addressing clinician concerns about self-sampling and rapid HPV testing, such as ensuring that rapid tests include sample adequacy controls, is necessary to mitigate barriers to adoption for cervical cancer screening.
Alteration of neural activity and neuroinflammatory factors in the insular cortex of mice with corneal neuropathic pain

Dry eye disease (DED) affects nearly 55% of people worldwide; several studies have proposed that central sensitization and neuroinflammation may contribute to the developing corneal neuropathic pain of DED, while the underlying mechanisms of this contribution remain to be investigated. Excision of extra orbital lacrimal glands established the dry eye model. Corneal hypersensitivity was examined through chemical and mechanical stimulation, and open field test measured the anxiety levels. Restingstate fMRI is a method of functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) was performed for anatomical involvement of the brain regions. The amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) determined brain activity. Immunofluorescence testing and Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction were also performed to further validate the findings. Compared with the Sham group, ALFF signals in the supplemental somatosensory area, secondary auditory cortex, agranular insular cortex, temporal association areas, and ectorhinal cortex brain areas were increased in the dry eye group. This change of ALFF in the insular cortex was linked with the increment in corneal hypersensitivity (p < 0.01), c‐Fos (p < 0.001), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.01), TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β (p < 0.05). In contrast, IL‐10 levels (p < 0.05) decreased in the dry eye group. DED‐induced corneal hypersensitivity and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines could be blocked by insular cortex injection of Tyrosine Kinase receptor B agonist cyclotraxin‐B (p < 0.01) without affecting anxiety levels. Our study reveals that the functional activity of the brain associated with corneal neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation in the insular cortex might contribute to dry eye‐related corneal neuropathic pain.
Long-Term clinical results of patellofemoral arthroplasty for isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis

Objectives The aim of this study was to explore the clinical outcomes and long-term survival of patellofemoral arthroplasty in treatment of isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Methods We retrospectively studied a total of 46 type Y-L-Q PFAs that were designed at our institution in 38 patients. Implant survivorship was analyzed with a follow-up of 18.9–29.6 years. Knee Society Score (KSS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and University of California Los Angeles activity scale (UCLA) were used to assess functional outcomes. Results The implant survivorship was 83.6% at 15 years, 76.8% at 20 years, and 59.4% at 25 years 14 PFAs in 12 patients were revised into total knee arthroplasty at 16.0 ± 6.7 years; 13 for progression of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis and one for polyethylene wear. The mean Knee Society Score objective scores and functional scores were 73.0 ± 17.5 (range, 49–95) and 56.4 ± 28.9 (range, 5–90), respectively. The mean Oxford Knee Score was 25.8 ± 11.5 (range, 8–44). Conclusion Type Y-L-Q patellofemoral arthroplasty can be an effective method for treating isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis with satisfactory survival.
On cubic equations over p-adic fields

We provide a solvability criterion for a cubic equation in domains $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{*}, \mathbb{Z}_p, \mathbb{Q}_p$. We show that, in principal, the Cardano method is not always applicable for such equations. Moreover, the numbers of solutions of the cubic equation in domains $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{*}, \mathbb{Z}_p, \mathbb{Q}_p$ are provided. Since 𝔽p is a subgroup of ℚp, we generalize Serre's and Sun's results concerning with cubic equations over the finite field 𝔽p. Finally, all cubic equations, for which the Cardano method could be applied, are described and the p-adic Cardano formula is provided for those cubic equations.
Wnt1 Boosts Fracture Healing by Enhancing Bone Formation in the Fracture Callus

Despite considerable improvement in fracture care, 5%–10% of all fractures still heal poorly or result in nonunion formation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new molecules that can be used to improve bone fracture healing. One activator of the Wnt‐signaling cascade, Wnt1, has recently gained attention for its intense osteoanabolic effect on the intact skeleton. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Wnt1 might be a promising molecule to accelerate fracture healing both in skeletally healthy and osteoporotic mice that display a diminished healing capacity. Transgenic mice for a temporary induction of Wnt1 specifically in osteoblasts (Wnt1‐tg) were subjected to femur osteotomy. Non‐ovariectomized and ovariectomized Wnt1‐tg mice displayed significantly accelerated fracture healing based on a strong increase in bone formation in the fracture callus. Transcriptome profiling revealed that Hippo/yes1‐associated transcriptional regulator (YAP)‐signaling and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways were highly enriched in the fracture callus of Wnt1‐tg animals. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed increased activation of YAP1 and expression of BMP2 in osteoblasts in the fracture callus. Therefore, our data indicate that Wnt1 boosts bone formation during fracture healing via YAP/BMP signaling both under healthy and osteoporotic conditions. To further test a potential translational application of Wnt1, we applied recombinant Wnt1 embedded into a collagen gel during critical‐size bone‐defect repair. Mice treated with Wnt1 displayed increased bone regeneration compared to control mice accompanied by increased YAP1/BMP2 expression in the defect area. These findings are of high clinical relevance because they indicate that Wnt1 could be used as a new therapeutic agent to treat orthopedic complications in the clinic. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
One for all, all for one: neuro‐HIV multidisciplinary platform for the assessment and management of neurocognitive complaints in people living with HIV

With ageing, comorbidities such as neurocognitive impairment increase among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, addressing its multifactorial nature is time‐consuming and logistically demanding. We developed a neuro‐HIV clinic able to assess these complaints in 8 h using a multidisciplinary approach.
Image-guided radiofrequency ablation for adrenal metastatic tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of image-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients exhibiting adrenal metastatic tumors (AMTs). Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, and Wanfang databases were searched for relevant studies published as of November 2022, and study results were pooled for subsequent analysis. The endpoints of this meta-analysis included primary and secondary technical success, local hemorrhage, pneumothorax, hypertensive crisis, local recurrence, and 1- and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates. Results This analysis incorporated 11 studies enrolling 351 patients that underwent RFA treatment for 373 AMTs. The pooled primary and secondary technical success, local hemorrhage, pneumothorax, hypertensive crisis, local recurrence, and 1- and 3-year OS rates in these patients were 84%, 91%, 4%, 6%, 7%, 19%, 82%, and 46%, respectively. The 1-year OS (I2 = 75.2%, p = 0.003) and 3-year OS (I2 = 81.4%, p = 0.001) endpoints were subject to significant heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses suggested that primary technical success rates were < 80% in patients with tumors exhibiting a mean diameter ≥ 4 cm. Guidance type and tumor size had no impact on a hypertensive crisis or local recurrence rates. Conclusions These data indicate that image-guided RFA represents a safe and effective means of treating AMTs.
Are patient's BMI and examiner's experience influential factors to identify the ovaries and their physiological or pathological changes by ultrasound?

Identification of the ovaries by transvaginal ultrasound is usually feasible, allowing for determination of their normal sonographic characteristics, physiological changes, and pathologies. 1 Endocavitary ultrasound is the first-line approach of choice for this purpose. 2 On ultrasound, follicles appear as round or oval sonolucent structures, but they are not easily identified in all women. 3 In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, Rosenberg et al. 4 report the lowest capacity or frequency to detect follicles larger than 10 mm with a high body mass index (BMI). It is a secondary study of initial data from the Contraceptive Clinical Trials Network centers who conducted a ran-domized, double-blind, phase IIb clinical trial to evaluate three regimens of oral ulipristal acetate as potential contraceptive agents. In this study, they report some interesting and unprecedented results in ovarian ultrasound in terms of nondetection of follicles >10 mm in patients with BMI > 24.9, both in the subgroup when follicular activity was more likely (estradiol >100 pg/ml and progesterone <3 ng/ml) as well as in the entire study population, between 1.91 (95% CI 1.13 – 3.22) and 1.98 (95% CI 1.34 – 2.82) times more than with BMI ≤ 24.9. Not only did they find statistical significance of BMI as a cate-gorical variable, but also as a continuous variable.