Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of serum phosphate levels in sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background There remain controversies over the conclusion of different serum phosphate levels as prognostic predictors of sepsis patients. As such, this study investigated the association between different serum phosphate and the prognosis of sepsis. Methods Data from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically retrieved from the inception of databases to June 1, 2023 and independently screened and extracted by two authors. Binary variables in the study were estimated as relative risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and continuous variables were estimated as mean and standard deviation. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was employed to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed for all outcomes to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Results Ten studies were included in this study including 38,320 patients with sepsis or septic shock. Against normal serum phosphate levels, a high serum phosphate level was associated with an elevated all-cause mortality risk (RR = 1.46; 95% CI [1.22–1.74]; P = 0.000) and prolonged Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) (WMD = 0.63; 95% CI [0.27–0.98]; P = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the in-hospital LOS (WMD = 0.22; 95% CI [−0.61–1.05]; P = 0.609). A low serum phosphate level was not significantly associated with the all-cause mortality risk (RR = 0.97; 95% CI [0.86–1.09]; P = 0.588), ICU LOS (WMD = −0.23; 95% CI [−0.75–0.29]; P = 0.394) and in-hospital LOS (WMD = −0.62; 95% CI [−1.72–0.49]; P = 0.274). Conclusion Sepsis patients with high serum phosphate levels before therapeutic interventions were associated with a significant increase in the all-cause mortality risk, prolonged ICU LOS, and no significant difference in in-hospital LOS. Sepsis patients with low serum phosphate levels before interventions may have a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, shorter ICU LOS, and in-hospital LOS, but the results were not statistically significant.
High-Pressure Homogenization for Enhanced Bioactive Recovery from Tomato Processing By-Products and Improved Lycopene Bioaccessibility during In Vitro Digestion

The principles of industrial ecology have emerged as pivotal drivers of eco-innovation, aiming to realize a “zero-waste” society where waste materials are repurposed as valuable resources. In this context, High-Pressure Homogenization (HPH) presents a promising, easily scalable micronization technology, capable of enhancing the extractability and bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds found in tomato processing by-products, which are notably abundant waste streams in the Mediterranean region. This study focuses on optimizing HPH treatment parameters to intensify the recovery of bioactive compounds from tomato pomace. Additionally, it investigates the multifaceted impacts of HPH on various aspects, including color, particle size distribution, microscopic characteristics, surface properties, bioactivity, and lycopene bioaccessibility through in vitro digestion simulations. The results demonstrate that the application of HPH under optimized conditions (80 MPa, 25 °C, 10 passes) induces a remarkable 8-fold reduction in mean particle size, reduced surface tension, improved physical stability, uniform color, increased total phenolic content (+31%), antioxidant activity (+30%), dietary fiber content (+9%), and lycopene bioaccessibility during the intestinal digestion phase compared to untreated samples. These encouraging outcomes support the proposition of integrating HPH technology into an environmentally friendly industrial process for the full valorization of tomato processing residues. By utilizing water as the sole solvent, this approach aims to yield a functional ingredient characterized by greater nutritional and health-promoting values.
Can Unlabelled Data Improve AI Applications? A Comparative Study on Self-Supervised Learning in Computer Vision

Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a highly investigated area of study at present and has already become an indispensable component within an extensive range of business models and applications. One major downside of current supervised AI approaches lies in the need of numerous annotated data points to train the models. Self-supervised learning (SSL) circumvents the need for annotation, by creating supervision signals such as labels from the data itself, rather than requiring experts for this task. Current approaches mainly include the use of generative methods such as autoencoders and joint embedding architectures to fulfil this task. Recent works present comparable results to supervised learning in downstream scenarios such as classification after SSL-pretraining. To achieve this, typically modifications are required to suit the approach for the exact downstream task. Yet, current review works haven't paid too much attention to the practical implications of using SSL. Thus, we investigated and implemented popular SSL approaches, suitable for downstream tasks such as classification, from an initial collection of more than 400 papers. We evaluate a selection of these approaches under real-world dataset conditions, and in direct comparison to the supervised learning scenario. We discuss SSL's potential to take up with supervised learning, as well as the influence of the right training methods. Furthermore, we also introduce future directions for SSL research, as well as current limitations in real-world applications.
Examining the Implications of Negativity Perceptions for Enterprise Social Media Use

Many organizations fail to optimally benefit from voluntary communication and collaboration tools – e.g. enterprise social media (ESM) – where use depends on workers’ discretionary behaviors. This study explores how ESM use is informed by employees’ perceptions of the content these media convey. Specifically, this paper reports on a survey study ( N = 619) to examine the relationship between negativity perceptions and ESM use, through pro-sharing norms and knowledge-sharing intentions. The findings indicate that negativity perceptions of online communication are met with avoidance responses by organizational members and are associated with low platform usage. This relationship is partially mediated by pro-sharing norms and knowledge-sharing intentions, such that negativity perceptions undermine pro-sharing norms and lower knowl-edge-sharing intention, ultimately reducing ESM use. The findings highlight a potential difference in the underlying psychological mechanisms related to negative media content in organizational environments compared to public and mass media environments. This study integrates media selection literature and media psychology perspectives to study technology adoption and expands our understanding of the potential barriers and drivers of platform use in organizational contexts.
World drought frequency, duration, and severity for 1951–2010

In the context of climate change characterized by rising temperature and more extreme precipitation regimes, drought is one of the most relevant natural disasters. This paper presents maps of global drought frequency, duration, and severity for the periods 1951–1970, 1971–1990, and 1991–2010, to give an overview of the respective drought hot spots. Drought frequency is defined as the number of drought events occurred, drought duration as the number of months in drought conditions, and drought severity as the sum of the integral area below zero of each event. Because drought is mainly driven by rainfall deficits, we chose the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) as the base indicator to derive drought‐related quantities. SPI‐12 has been calculated on a monthly basis using a Gamma distribution fitted to a 60‐year baseline period (1951–2010). Global grids (0.5° × 0.5°) of the Full Data Reanalysis Version 6.0 dataset provided by the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) have been used as precipitation data input. The regions most exposed to prolonged and severe droughts during 1951–1970 were the Central United States, the Argentinian Pampas, Russia, and Central Australia; during 1971–1990 they were Southern Chile, the Sahel, and Siberia; during 1991–2010 they were the Amazon Forest, the Congo River Basin, Mongolia, North Eastern China, and Borneo. A linear trend analysis between 1951 and 2010 shows a small global increase in each drought component, but drought frequency decreased in the Northern Hemisphere. The increase in drought frequency, duration, and severity is found to be significant in Africa, Eastern Asia, Mediterranean region, and Southern Australia, while the Americas and Russia show a decrease in each drought component.
Implications of Latest Pennsylvanian to Middle Permian Paleontological and U-Pb SHRIMP Data from the Tecomate Formation to Re-dating Tectonothermal Events in the Acatlán Complex, Southern Mexico

Limestones in the highly deformed Tecomate Formation, uppermost unit of the Acatlán Complex, are latest Pennsylvanian—earliest Middle Permian in age rather than Devonian, the latter based on less diagnostic fossils. Conodont collections from two marble horizons now constrain its age to range from latest Pennsylvanian to latest Early Permian or early Middle Permian. The older collection contains Gondolella sp. , Neostreptognathodus sp. , and Streptognathodus sp. , suggesting an oldest age limit close to the Pennsylvanian—Permian time boundary. The other collection contains Sweetognathus subsymmetricus, a short-lived species ranging only from Kungurian (latest Leonardian) to Wordian (earliest Guadelupian: 272 ± 4 to 264 ± 2 Ma). A fusilinid, Parafusulina c.f. P. antimonioensis Dunbar, in a third Tecomate marble horizon is probably Wordian (early Guadelupian, early Middle Permian). Furthermore, granite pebbles in a Tecomate conglomerate have yielded ~320-264 Ma U-Pb SHRIMP ages probably derived from the ~288 Ma, arc-related Totoltepec pluton. Collectively, these data suggest a correlation with two nearby units: (1) the Missourian—Leonardian carbonate horizons separated by a Wolfcampian(? ) conglomerate in the upper part of the less deformed San Salvador Patlanoaya Formation; and (2) the clastic, Westphalian—Leonardian Matzitzi Formation. This requires that deformation in the Tecomate Formation be of Early—Middle Permian age rather than Devonian. These three formations are re-interpreted as periarc deposits with deformation related to oblique subduction. The revised dating of the Tecomate Formation is consistent with new data, which indicates that the unconformity between the Tecomate and the Piaxtla Group is mid-Carboniferous and corresponds to a tectonothermal event.
Choice-Based Graphical Password (CGP) Scheme for web applications

—Today Authentication is an essential mechanism in information security. It was used to identify authorized users and safeguard systems against hackers and spies. A graphical password (GP) is a password that employs graphics rather than text to gain access to computers. The GP is still not widely used in the actual world because users are frustrated by the numerous Login phases and the selection of various determined images from prior techniques, therefore they have returned to textual passwords. The vast majority of research has failed to discover a means to increase overall security, usability, memorability, and login time. In this paper, a novel Choice-Based Graphical Password (CGP) Scheme for Web Applications is proposed. The scheme is a two-level multifactor authentication: textual and recognition. During registration, the user first registered his/her data, and then the system assigned him/her a random and unique number. The second, user chose an image from CGP's dataset or from his/her device. CGP then resized and blurred the user-selected image before encrypting and storing it in the CGP database. The attacker claimed that the image was one element, but it was a combination of five factors (user name, user number, and his/her registered image with the same name, size, and resolution), making it difficult to guess and resistant to several attacks using The Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC). The proposed CGP scheme's performance evaluation enhanced a 36% increase in password space, a 33% increase in possible password numbers, and a 36% increase in entropy when compared to prior methods. Our CGP approach met the challenge of the password being secure, memorable, user-friendly, and time-saving.
Neuronal cell death in the amygdala and cerebral cortex of mice (Mus musculus) induced by bee (Apis mellifera) venom

Brain is an organ to control our activities, such as human consciousness, emotional, and movement. It was controlled by amygdala and cerebral cortex as the parts of the brain. Many things that can bring over it. Bee venom (BV) is known as traditional medicine and probably can sway the brain. The objective of this study was to determine the dose of BV that causes excessive neuronal cells death, especially in the amygdala and cerebral cortex. About 15 white male mice Deutsch Denken Yoken (DDY) strain were divided into control group and the treatment group. BV was administrated intraperitoneally for two weeks with multilevel doses, that was 1.88 mg/kg, 3.76 mg/kg, 5.6 mg/kg, and 7.48 mg/kg. Brain tissue isolation was performed three days of the last administration by using perfusion method. Morphological sectioned of brain tissue (amygdala and brain cortex) was stained by hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The results indicated that the BV inclined to affect neuronal cells death in the amygdala and cerebral cortex. Based on the study, the highest doses (7.48 mg/kg) of BV caused the highest neuronal cell death.
Corotating solar wind streams and recurrent geomagnetic activity: A review

[1] Solar wind fast streams emanating from solar coronal holes cause recurrent, moderate intensity geomagnetic activity at Earth. Intense magnetic field regions called Corotating Interaction Regions or CIRs are created by the interaction of fast streams with upstream slow streams. Because of the highly oscillatory nature of the GSM magnetic field z component within CIRs, the resultant magnetic storms are typically only weak to moderate in intensity. CIR-generated magnetic storm main phases of intensity Dst < −100 nT (major storms) are rare. The elongated storm “recovery” phases which are characterized by continuous AE activity that can last for up to 27 days (a solar rotation) are caused by nonlinear Alfven waves within the high streams proper. Magnetic reconnection associated with the southward (GSM) components of the Alfven waves is the solar wind energy transfer mechanism. The acceleration of relativistic electrons occurs during these magnetic storm “recovery” phases. The magnetic reconnection associated with the Alfven waves cause continuous, shallow injections of plasma sheet plasma into the magnetosphere. The asymmetric plasma is unstable to wave (chorus and other modes) growth, a feature central to many theories of electron acceleration. It is noted that the continuous AE activity is not a series of substorm expansion phases. Arguments are also presented why these AE activity intervals are not convection bays. The auroras during these continuous AE activity intervals are less intense than substorm auroras and are global (both dayside and nightside) in nature. Owing to the continuous nature of this activity, it is possible that there is greater average energy input into the magnetosphere/ionosphere system during far declining phases of the solar cycle compared with those during solar maximum. The discontinuities and magnetic decreases (MDs) associated with interplanetary Alfven waves may be important for geomagnetic activity. In conclusion, it will be shown that geomagnetic storms associated with high-speed streams/CIRs will have the same initial, main, and “recovery” phases as those associated with ICME-related magnetic storms but that the interplanetary causes are considerably different.
Clay mineralogy across the P-T boundary of the Xiakou section, China: Evidence of clay provenance and environment

The provenance of clays in shaley intervals across the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) in the Xiakou section was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results suggest that the layers have three different provenances. The layer P267-b has a loose texture with an oriented arrangement of detrital clay particles, consisting mainly of illite and minor chlorite with irregular outlines or ragged edges. The dehydroxylation reaction of the clays in this layer is characterized by an intense overlapping endothermic effect at ∼600°C, produced by mixed-layer illite-smectite (I-S) consisting of a mixture of cis-vacant (cv)and trans-vacant (tv) octahedral sheets derived from weathering of detrital illite. Layer P259-b shows a more condensed texture with a dark color, and is composed mainly of I-S and minor illite and chlorite. Evidence for alteration of detrital materials to clay mineral aggregates was observed under SEM. Similar to layer P267-b, an intense dehydroxylation reaction occurs at ∼600°C, indicating clays consisting of a mixture of tv and cv sheets and, therefore, that the sediments were derived from a mixture of terrigenous and volcanic sources, combining the texture and the clay-mineral composition of those sediments. However, the undisturbed lamination and relatively small grain size in this bed indicate a low-energy depositional environment. The clay-mineral compositions of the other layers are mainly of I-S with minor amounts of illite and chlorite. Their endothermic dehydroxylation reaction, however, occurs mainly at ∼660°C, indicating that cv sheets are dominant in the clays, and thus, are derived from smectites of volcanic origin. Observations by SEM show that clay minerals grow at the expense of detrital materials, confirming the diagenetic alteration of volcanic ashes in marine sediments. Illite and chlorite are the detrital clay minerals in the clay layers across the PTB in the Xiakou section. The presence of detrital illite and chlorite in the sediments means that an arid climate prevailed in the region during the end-Permian and early Triassic period.
Wildfire Detection System using Yolov5 Deep Learning Model

: Wildfires pose a significant threat to the natural environment as well as public safety.Forest fire detection is critical for e ff ective fighting, as once a wildfire has grown to a certain size, it is di ffi cult to control. Recently, there has been a growing demand for forest areas to install a rapid response system to allow for prompt and timely action in the event of forest fires expanding across large areas. In this paper, a proposed framework for wildfire detection in a video sequence using the YOLOv5 deep learning model is presented and implemented. The interested regions represented by (fire object) in the video sequence are extracted using a new auto-annotation scheme to determine the ROI (Region of Interest) based on the edge detection process. Since the public wildfire datasets are yet confined, therefore we have constructed a new wildfire dataset named WILDFIRE-I dataset composed of variant fire images to conduct the performance evaluation of the proposed system. A comparison study with state of art research was performed in our experiments to demonstrate the e ffi ciency of the proposed system based on common performance evaluation metrics. The experimental results exhibited detection accuracy of fire events close to 98 %, with a manual annotation process, while the proposed annotation process has achieved an accuracy of 96 %, with minimum time processing required for dataset image labelling.
Optimizing Machine Translation for Virtual Assistants: Multi-Variant Generation with VerbNet and Conditional Beam Search

In this paper, we introduce a domain-adapted machine translation (MT) model for intelligent virtual assistants (IVA) designed to translate natural language understanding (NLU) training data sets. This work uses a constrained beam search to generate multiple valid translations for each input sentence. The search for the best translations in the presented translation algorithm is guided by a verb-frame ontology we derived from VerbNet. To assess the quality of the presented MT models, we train NLU models on these multiverb-translated resources and compare their performance to models trained on resources translated with a traditional single-best approach. Our experiments show that multi-verb translation improves intent classification accuracy by 3.8% relative compared to single-best translation. We release five MT models that translate from English to Spanish, Polish, Swedish, Portuguese, and French, as well as an IVA verb ontology that can be used to evaluate the quality of IVA-adapted MT.
The Gulf of Lion continental margin (NW Mediterranean) revisited by IBS: an overview

Abstract The Gulf of Lion margin is one of the Tertiary extensional basins of the western Mediterranean that opened during convergence of Africa and Europe. This Oligocene-Aquitanian rifted margin and associated Burdigalian oceanic basin have been used as case study for stretching models of ‘Atlantic-type’ margins. However, when the Integrated Basin Study (IBS) project was initiated, several outstanding questions remained about the present structure and the geodynamic setting of the margin within the Western Mediterranean. IBS-Gulf of Lion research was based on the existing onshore and offshore, industrial and academic data, which were heterogeneous and unevenly distributed. Compilation of the stratigraphic correlations on a regional scale allowed precise calculation of the timing of rifting, and clarification of the relationships with Alpine and Mediterranean geodynamics. Reprocessing of the existing ECORS deep seismic reflection profiles shed new light on the extensional structure and mechanisms of extension of the continental margin. Structural and sedimentological studies onshore led to the definition of new tectonostratigraphic models for extensional basins. Results of structural analyses showed a partitioning of the extensional deformation processes across the continental margin. 3D gravity modelling of the margin and basin area led to the production of a new map of the Moho depth by inversion, and testing several hypotheses for the origin of the present day subsidence. Although the Gulf of Lion margin displays structural and stratigraphic features similar to ‘Atlantic-type’ margins, its structure and evolution corresponds to that of a rifted margin of a large continent formed during the opening of a marginal basin. Integration of the new results of IBS-Gulf of Lion within the geodynamic evolution of the western Mediterranean suggests that the Oligocene rifting of the Gulf of Lion represents the initial stage of a succession of rifting events and back-arc basin formation, due to continuously retreating subduction during convergence of Africa and Europe.