Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hubble Space Telescope Eclipse Observations of the Nova-like Cataclysmic Variable UX Ursae Majoris

We present and analyze Hubble Space Telescope observations of the eclipsing nova-like cataclysmic variable UX UMa obtained with the Faint Object Spectrograph. Two eclipses each were observed with the G160L grating (covering the ultraviolet waveband) in 1994 August and with the PRISM (covering the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared) in November of the same year. The system was ~50% brighter in November than in August, which, if due to a change in the accretion rate, indicates a fairly substantial increase in Ṁacc by ≳50%. The eclipse light curves are qualitatively consistent with the gradual occultation of an accretion disk with a radially decreasing temperature distribution. The light curves also exhibit asymmetries about mideclipse that are likely due to a bright spot at the disk edge. Bright-spot spectra have been constructed by differencing the mean spectra observed at pre- and posteclipse orbital phases. These difference spectra contain ultraviolet absorption lines and show the Balmer jump in emission. This suggests that part of the bright spot may be optically thin in the continuum and vertically extended enough to veil the inner disk and/or the outflow from UX UMa in some spectral lines. Model disk spectra constructed as ensembles of stellar atmospheres provide poor descriptions of the observed posteclipse spectra, despite the fact that UX UMa's light should be dominated by the disk at this time. Suitably scaled single temperature model stellar atmospheres with Teff ≃ 12,500-14,500 K actually provide a better match to both the ultraviolet and optical posteclipse spectra. Evidently, great care must be taken in attempts to derive accretion rates from comparisons of disk models to observations. One way to reconcile disk models with the observed posteclipse spectra is to postulate the presence of a significant amount of optically thin material in the system. Such an optically thin component might be associated with the transition region ("chromosphere") between the disk photosphere and the fast wind from the system, whose presence has been suggested by Knigge & Drew. In any event, the wind/chromosphere is likely to be the region in which many, if not most, of the UV lines are formed. This is clear from the plethora of emission lines that appear in the mideclipse spectra, some of which appear as absorption features in spectra taken at out-of-eclipse orbital phases.
SOFTWARE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EMISSION LINE NEBULAE

A set of software tools has been developed for the IRAF/STSDAS environment to derive the physical conditions in a low-density (nebular) gas given appropriate diagnostic emission line ratios; and lien emissivities given appropriate emission line fluxes, the electron temperature (Te) and density (Ne). The package is based on the five-level program developed by De Robertis, Dufour and Hunt (1987), but it includes diagnostics from a greater set of ions and emission lines, most particularly those in the satellite ultraviolet that are now observable. Two fo the applications make use of a 3-zone nebular model to derive Te and N3 simultaneously in separate zones of low-, and intermediate-, and high-ionization. These applications are useful for calculating nebular densities and temperatures directly from the traditional diagnostic line ratios, either to provide some reasonable input parameters for a more complicated physical model, or to calculate ionic abundances (or other quantities) within some simplifying assumptions. Examples of the utility of these diagnostics for real nebulae are presented.
Effective Strategies on Representing Information Networks

Network representation is the basis of many applications and of extensive interest in various fields such as information retrieval, social network analysis, and recommendation systems. Majority of previous methods on network representation only considered incomplete aspects of the problem, such as link structure, node information, or partial integration. The present paper proposes a comprehensive network representation model, which seamlessly integrates the text information, node label, and first-order and second-order proximity of a network. The effectiveness of the introduced strategies is experimentally evaluated. Results demonstrate that our method is better than state-of-the-art techniques.
A prediction for the optimal stratification for turbulent mixing

By identifying the stratification which leads to maximal buoyancy flux in a stably-stratified plane Couette flow, we make a prediction of what bulk stratification (as a function of the shear) is optimal for turbulent mixing. A previous attempt to do this (Caulfield, Tang & Plasting, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 498, 2004, p. 315) failed due to an unexpected degeneracy in the variational problem. Here, we overcome this issue by parameterizing the variational problem implicitly with the overall mixing efficiency which is then optimized across to return a rigorous upper bound on the buoyancy flux. We find that the bulk Richardson number quickly approaches 1/6 in the asymptotic limit of high shear with the associated mixing efficiency tending to 1/3. The predicted mean profiles associated with the bound appear to have a layered structure, with the gradient Richardson number being low both in the interior, and in boundary layers near the walls, with a global maximum, also equal to 1/6, occurring at the edge of the boundary layers.
The ethnographically informed participatory design of a PD application to support communication

Aphasia is an acquired communication deficit that impacts the different language modalities. PDAs have a form factor and feature set that suggest they could be effective communication tools for people with aphasia. An ethnographic study was conducted with one participant both to learn about communication strategies used by people with aphasia, and to observe how a PDA is incorporated into those strategies. The most significant usability issues found were file access and organization. A participatory design phase followed, resulting in a paper prototype of a file management system that addressed the key usability issues identified. The participatory approach continued during the implementation of a high-fidelity prototype.
SUMO - Simulation of Urban MObility An Overview

SUMO is an open source traffic simulation package including net import and demand modeling components. We describe the current state of the package as well as future developments and extensions. SUMO helps to investigate several research topics e.g. route choice and traffic light algorithm or simulating vehicular communication. Therefore the framework is used in different projects to simulate automatic driving or traffic management strategies.
Translating Primary Care Practice Climate into Patient Activation: The Role of Patient Trust in Physician

Background:Little is known about processes by which proactive primary care teams might activate their patients. We examine the role of trust in patient-physician relationships for translating practice teamwork into patient activation. Methods:Data were collected by surveys of adult enrollees and primary care teams of a group-model managed care organization in metropolitan Atlanta. Enrollees who were 25–59 years of age were randomly sampled from 3 condition cohorts (diabetes, elevated lipids but no coronary artery disease history, and low risk). A total of 2224 responded to a mixed mode survey in 2005 (42% response rate). Ninety-seven practitioners and 187 support staff of 16 primary care teams responded to a practice climate survey in 2004 (85% response rate). Practice climate is a multidimensional concept measuring support and collaboration with a team. Linear models of patients nested within their primary care teams were estimated for patient trust in physician as a function of practice climate and for activation as a function of trust, adjusted for other respondent characteristics. Results:We found significant, positive associations between practice climate and patient trust in their primary care physicians and between patient trust and activation in their health. Conclusions:Our study shows 1 process by which practice climate translates into patient activation. Supportive interactions among practitioners and staff within primary care teams facilitate trust-building interactions between practitioners and patients. Supportive, trustworthy interactions, in turn, help to ameliorate the inherent imbalance in power between patients and physicians, contributing to patients who take a more active role in their health.
Modulation of Winter Precipitation Dynamics Over the Arabian Gulf by ENSO

The Arabian Gulf (Gulf) and the surrounding regions are centers of intense economic activity. The precipitating weather systems that form over the Gulf are important for this predominantly arid region. It is suggested that El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influences the Middle East precipitation variability through an equatorward shift of the subtropical jet. Here we present compelling evidence to illustrate the role of ENSO in modulating the local dynamics and moisture transport in initiating precipitation during different ENSO phases using satellite and reanalysis data. It is found that the moisture transport from the Red and Arabian Seas toward the Gulf is stronger during El Niño years. The pattern and strength of moisture transport toward the Gulf is weakened during La Niña and neutral years, with most of the transport directed toward the northern Gulf. Using a 120 h back trajectory analysis, it is found that while the air parcels coming toward the Gulf from the Arabian and Red Seas side originate at lower tropospheric levels, the air parcels from the Mediterranean originate at middle and upper tropospheric levels during El Niño years. In contrast, upper tropospheric air parcels originating over the southern Arabian Sea plays a dominant role on Gulf precipitation during La Niña and neutral years. The seasonal mean transients of zonal winds show a robust ENSO signature over the Gulf, indicating a favorable (less favorable) condition for the penetration of midlatitude eddies over the region during El Niño (La Niña) winters.
The First Golden Minutes of the Extremely-Low-Gestational-Age Neonate: A Gentle Approach

An increasing body of evidence has revealed that interventions performed during resuscitation of extremely-low-gestational-age neonates (ELGANs) may have a direct influence on the immediate survival and also on long-term morbidity. It has been proposed that interventions in the delivery room and/or hypothermia could trigger changes constitutive of chronic lung disease. New approaches in the first minutes of life using more gentle parameters of intervention are being studied. Thus, titrating inspiratory fraction of oxygen, the use of non-invasive ventilation to reduce trauma to the lung, the use of polyethylene/polyurethane wrapping to avoid hypothermia and delaying cord clamping altogether constitute promising initiatives. The first minutes of life are a valuable window for intervention. However, whilst these practice changes make sense and there are emerging data to support them, further evidence including long-term follow up is needed to definitively change resuscitation procedures in ELGANs.
Archimedean L-factors and Topological Field Theories II

In the first part of this series of papers we propose a functional integral representation for local Archimedean L-factors given by products of the Gamma-functions. In particular we derive a representation of the Gamma-function as a properly regularized equivariant symplectic volume of an infinite-dimensional space. The corresponding functional integral arises in the description of a type A equivariant topological linear sigma model on a disk. In this paper we provide a functional integral representation of the Archimedean L-factors in terms of a type B topological sigma model on a disk. This representation leads naturally to the classical Euler integral representation of the Gamma-functions. These two integral representations of L-factors in terms of A and B topological sigma models are related by a mirror map. The mirror symmetry in our setting should be considered as a local Archimedean Langlands correspondence between two constructions of local Archimedean L-factors.
Applicability of Non-Rigid Medical Image Registration using Moving Least Squares

A drawback of the non-rigid registration is its unpredictable nature of the deformation on the target image. Mapping every point on images can cause deformations even to regions, which are expected to remain rigid. A non-rigid registration is therefore desirable, that produces only local deformations where needed, while still preserving the overall rigidity. This work focuses on one such method called the Moving Least Squares (MLS) transformation and compares the results with Thin Plate Splines (TPS). An intensity based non-rigid registration algorithm is applied apriory, if the input medical images are from two different patients in order to facilitate for the selection of homologous control points in them. We compare the performance of both the techniques by calculating the Target Registration Error (TRE) at certain points and results are encouraging.
Application of image retrieval for aesthetic evaluation and improvement suggestion of isolated Bangla handwritten characters

Bangla is one of the most widely used languages worldwide. This paper presents an application of image retrieval techniques to automatically judge the aesthetic quality of handwritten Bangla isolated characters. Retrieval techniques are also adapted to give improvement suggestions, with a plan to incorporate the methods in applications which can assist in learning/teaching handwriting. The proposed method borrows key concepts from content-based image retrieval. Our method was tested on the BanglaLekha-Isolated data set, which contains images of 84 Bangla characters, with nearly 2000 samples per character. The data set contains evaluation of the aesthetic quality of the handwriting judged on a scale of 1–5. For this work, the dataset was partitioned into a test set of 400 images and a database-set of ≈ 1600 images, per Bangla character. Assuming that a scoring difference of 1 is acceptable, the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 77.39% when using features extracted by a convolutional neural network based autoencoder. Experiments were also done with the popular HOG feature. However, the autoencoder-based results showed clear superiority compared the HOG-based results. Our proposed method for improvement suggestions also shows that it is possible to shows samples from the dataset which will help users improve their handwriting while requiring small changes to their own handwriting.
An overlapping community detection algorithm for opportunistic networks

A more detailed community structure can contribute to a better understanding of the network, which can also benefit efficient routing protocols and QoS schemes designing. For an Opportunistic Network which consists of different kinds of mobile nodes, its topology changes over time. Therefore the community detection becomes more difficult than static situations. Moreover the overlapping community detection is a more complex problem. This paper analyzes the time varying topology of Opportunistic Networks and the overlapping community structures of human. Then, we propose a new detection algorithm to solve the overlapping community detection problems in Opportunistic Networks. Only with the local network topology information and a short period, nodes can get their overlapping community structures by our detection algorithm. Numerical simulations with both scenarios of movement models and real trace data are presented to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of our algorithm.
Linear PDM-Dual control for current-fed-inverter

PDM-dual control adapted to a set rectifier - parallel resonant inverter makes it possible to implement an AC/AC converter with good performances (cost, size, efficiency and power-factor). The main disadvantage of this AC/AC converter is a bad distribution of the current in semiconductor switches. To solve this problem, we propose a more suitable form of this control: linear PDM-dual control. It is based on a linear modulation of the PDM duty cycle. A theoretical analysis is achieved and results are validated by simulation.
MiR-22-silenced Cyclin A Expression in Colon and Liver Cancer Cells Is Regulated by Bile Acid Receptor*

Background: miR-22 has a tumor-suppressive effect, but its regulation remains to be characterized. Results: miR-22 is regulated by bile acid-activated FXR, and CCNA2 is a miR-22 target. Conclusion: FXR-induced miR-22 in inhibiting CCNA2 is a novel pathway for FXR to exert its protective effect in the gastrointestinal tract. Significance: The FXR-miR-22-CCNA2 axis is a novel mechanism for FXR-mediated anti-proliferative effect. Because of the significant tumor-suppressive role of microRNA-22 (miR-22), the current study was designed to understand the regulation of miR-22 and to identify additional downstream miR-22 targets in liver and colon cells. The data showed that miR-22 was transcriptionally regulated by bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) through direct binding to an invert repeat 1 motif located at −1012 to −1025 bp upstream from miR-22. Among the studied primary and secondary bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid, which has the highest binding affinity to FXR, induced miR-22 level in both Huh7 liver and HCT116 colon cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, cyclin A2 (CCNA2) was identified as a miR-22 novel target in liver and colon cancer cells. The sequence of miR-22, which is conserved in mice, rats, humans, and other mammalians, aligns with the sequence of 3′-UTR of CCNA2. Chenodeoxycholic acid treatment and miR-22 mimics reduced CCNA2 protein and increased the number of G0/G1 Huh7 and HCT116 cells. In FXR KO mice, reduction of miR-22 was accompanied by elevated hepatic and ileal CCNA2 protein, as well as an increased number of hepatic and colonic Ki-67-positive cells. In humans, the expression levels of miR-22 and CCNA2 are inversely correlated in liver and colon cancers. Taken together, our data showed that bile acid-activated FXR stimulates miR-22-silenced CCNA2, a novel pathway for FXR to exert its protective effect in the gastrointestinal tract.
UNFOLD‐SENSE: A parallel MRI method with self‐calibration and artifact suppression

This work aims at improving the performance of parallel imaging by using it with our “unaliasing by Fourier‐encoding the overlaps in the temporal dimension” (UNFOLD) temporal strategy. A self‐calibration method called “self, hybrid referencing with UNFOLD and GRAPPA” (SHRUG) is presented. SHRUG combines the UNFOLD‐based sensitivity mapping strategy introduced in the TSENSE method by Kellman et al. ( 5 ), with the strategy introduced in the GRAPPA method by Griswold et al. ( 10 ). SHRUG merges the two approaches to alleviate their respective limitations, and provides fast self‐calibration at any given acceleration factor. UNFOLD‐SENSE further includes an UNFOLD artifact suppression scheme to significantly suppress artifacts and amplified noise produced by parallel imaging. This suppression scheme, which was published previously ( 4 ), is related to another method that was presented independently as part of TSENSE. While the two are equivalent at accelerations ≤ 2.0, the present approach is shown here to be significantly superior at accelerations > 2.0, with up to double the artifact suppression at high accelerations. Furthermore, a slight modification of Cartesian SENSE is introduced, which allows departures from purely Cartesian sampling grids. This technique, termed variable‐density SENSE (vdSENSE), allows the variable‐density data required by SHRUG to be reconstructed with the simplicity and fast processing of Cartesian SENSE. UNFOLD‐SENSE is given by the combination of SHRUG for sensitivity mapping, vdSENSE for reconstruction, and UNFOLD for artifact/amplified noise suppression. The method was implemented, with online reconstruction, on both an SSFP and a myocardium‐perfusion sequence. The results from six patients scanned with UNFOLD‐SENSE are presented. Magn Reson Med 52:310–320, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polyglot : Automatic Extraction of Protocol Format using Dynamic Binary Analysis

Protocol reverse engineering, the process of extracting the application-level protocol used by an implementation, without access to the protocol specification, is important for many network security applications. Recent work [17] has proposed protocol reverse engineering by using clustering on network traces, but has several significant limitations. In this paper we propose a new approach to extract the protocol format using program binaries. Our approach, shadowing, uses dynamic analysis and is based on a unique intuition— the way that an implementation of the protocol processes the received application data reveals a wealth of information about the protocol format. We have implemented our approach in a system called Polyglot and evaluated it extensively using real-world implementations of five different protocols: DNS, HTTP, IRC, Samba and ICQ. Our results show that we can extract more accurate message format than previous work, and that the minimal differences of our results with respect to the protocol specification are usually due to different implementations handling fields in different ways. Finding such differences between implementations is an added benefit, as they are important for problems such as fingerprint generation, fuzzing, and error detection.
Modeling and Detecting Deep Brain Activity with MEG & EEG

We introduce an anatomical and electrophysiological model of deep brain structures dedicated to magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) source imaging. So far, most imaging inverse models considered that MEG/EEG surface signals were predominantly produced by cortical, hence superficial, neural currents. Here we question whether crucial deep brain structures such as the basal ganglia and the hippocampus may also contribute to distant, scalp MEG and EEG measurements. We first design a realistic anatomical and electrophysiological model of these structures and subsequently run Monte-Carlo experiments to evaluate the respective sensitivity of the MEG and EEG to signals from deeper origins. Results indicate that MEG/EEG may indeed localize these deeper generators, which is confirmed here from experimental MEG data reporting on the modulation of alpha brain waves.
Cloud of secure elements: An infrastructure for the trust of mobile NFC services

In this paper we introduce a cloud of secure elements (CoSE) platform dedicated to trusted NFC (Near Field Communication) mobile services. Secure Elements are secure microcontrollers, (or virtualization of such entities), stored in dedicated internet servers. They are today shipped per billions for payment (EMV), transport, PKI, or identity (ePassport) services. They host applications whose interface binary encoding rules are precisely defined by the ISO7816 standards. Secure elements management (i.e. application downloading, activation, and deletion) is performed according to the Global Platform standards. The mobile establishes a secure TLS channel with a remote server of secure elements. This TLS session is booted from an external secure NFC device that embeds a TLS stack, and which is afterwards transferred to the mobile. The platform works with an Android 4.4 operating system. Two trusted services are detailed EMV payment and cryptographic provider. We believe that the use of secure elements in the cloud could also solve trust issues for internet users, mobile applications or virtual machines environments.