Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel marker integrating multiple genetic alterations better predicts platinum sensitivity in ovarian cancer than HRD score

Introduction: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment strategy for ovarian cancer patients. The dismal prognosis of ovarian cancer was shown to be stringently associated with the heterogeneity of tumor cells in response to this therapy, therefore understanding platinum sensitivity in ovarian cancer would be helpful for improving patients’ quality of life and clinical outcomes. HRDetect, utilized to characterize patients’ homologous recombination repair deficiency, was used to predict patients’ response to platinum-based chemotherapy. However, whether each of the single features contributing to HRD score is associated with platinum sensitivity remains elusive. Methods: We analyzed the whole-exome sequencing data of 196 patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy from the TCGA database. Genetic features were determined individually to see if they could indicate patients’ response to platinum-based chemotherapy and prognosis, then integrated into a Pt-score employing LASSO regression model to assess its predictive performance. Results and discussion: Multiple genetic features, including bi-allelic inactivation of BRCA1/2 genes and genes involved in HR pathway, multiple somatic mutations in genes involved in DNA damage repair (DDR), and previously reported HRD-related features, were found to be stringently associated with platinum sensitivity and improved prognosis. Higher contributions of mutational signature SBS39 or ID6 predicted improved overall survival. Besides, arm-level loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of either chr4p or chr5q predicted significantly better disease-free survival. Notably, some of these features were found independent of HRD. And SBS3, an HRD-related feature, was found irrelevant to platinum sensitivity. Integrated all candidate markers using the LASSO model to yield a Pt-score, which showed better predictive ability compared to HRDetect in determining platinum sensitivity and predicting patients’ prognosis, and this performance was validated in an independent cohort. The outcomes of our study will be instrumental in devising effective strategies for treating ovarian cancer with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Advance in vasculogenic mimicry in ovarian cancer (Review)

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common and highly prevalent malignant tumor in women, associated with a high mortality rate, easy recurrence and easy metastasis, which is predominantly at an advanced stage when detected in patients. This renders the cancer more difficult to treat, and consequently it is also associated with a low survival rate, being the malignancy with the highest mortality rate among the various gynecological tumors. As an important factor affecting the development and metastasis of OC, understanding the underlying mechanism(s) through which it is formed and developed is crucial in terms of its treatment. At present, the therapeutic methods of angiogenic mimicry for OC remain in the preliminary stages of exploration and have not been applied in actual clinical practice. In the present review, various signaling pathways and factors affecting angiogenic mimicry in OC were described, and the chemical synthetic drugs, natural compound extracts, small-molecule protein antibodies and their associated targets, and so on, that target angiogenic mimicry in the treatment of OC, were discussed. The purpose of this review was to provide new research ideas and potential theoretical support for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for OC that may be applied in the clinic, with the aim of effectively reducing its metastasis and recurrence rates.
Wolves : behavior, ecology, and conservation

Wolves are some of the world's most charismatic and controversial animals, capturing the imaginations of their friends and foes alike. Highly intelligent and adaptable, they hunt and play together in close-knit packs, sometimes roaming over hundreds of square miles in search of food. Once teetering on the brink of extinction across much of the United States and Europe, wolves have made a tremendous comeback in recent years, thanks to legal protection, changing human attitudes, and efforts to reintroduce them to suitable habitats in North America. As wolf populations have rebounded, scientific studies of them have also flourished. But there hasn't been a systematic, comprehensive overview of wolf biology since 1970. In "Wolves," many of the world's leading wolf experts provide state-of-the-art coverage of just about everything you could want to know about these fascinating creatures. Individual chapters cover wolf social ecology, behavior, communication, feeding habits and hunting techniques, population dynamics, physiology and pathology, molecular genetics, evolution and taxonomy, interactions with nonhuman animals such as bears and coyotes, reintroduction, interactions with humans, and conservation and recovery efforts. The book discusses both gray and red wolves in detail and includes information about wolves around the world, from the United States and Canada to Italy, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Israel, India, and Mongolia. "Wolves" is also extensively illustrated with black and white photos, line drawings, maps, and fifty color plates. Unrivalled in scope and comprehensiveness, "Wolves" will become the definitive resource on these extraordinary animals for scientists and amateurs alike. An excellent compilation of current knowledge, with contributions from all the main players in wolf research. It is designed for a wide readership, and certainly the language and style will appeal to both scientists and lucophiles alike. This is an excellent summary of current knowledge and will remain the standard reference work for a long time to come. Stephen Harris, "New Scientist" This is the place to find almost any fact you want about wolves. Stephen Mills, "BBC Wildlife Magazine" "
Modelling the dynamic interaction between hydrology, slope stability and wave run-up processes in the soft-sea cliffs at Covehithe, Suffolk, UK

Soft-rock coastal cliff retreat progresses by an intermittent and discontinuous series of slope mass movements, generally accepted to be concentrated during phases of strong wave attack or heavy rain. One of the fundamental limitations to improving understanding of these processes is a lack of accurate quantitative data on the hydrological and geotechnical behaviour of the cliff slope. In this study, high-resolution terrestrial surveys of coastal change over a fifteen year period have been analysed and combined with hydrological and geotechnical simulations of cliff behaviour under rainfall stress. The input parameters for the simulations have been established from site survey, cross-checked with data from a range of published literature. The numerical model has been applied to typical hydrological, climatic and geotechnical conditions at Covehithe, Suffolk. In addition, analyses of water levels and beach elevations have subsequently been included using archive observation data, to further investigate the mechanisms governing the nature of change at the study site. Key findings include: (a.) high-resolution modelling of rainfall-infiltration processes combined with slope stability analysis provides a unique insight into the complex interaction between slope morphology and dynamic hydrology in soft sea cliffs. (b.) detailed analysis of daily factors of safety related to specific daily rainfalls is significant in reproducing failure conditions at the study site, and elucidates the complex interaction between cliff stratigraphy, cliff hydrology and rainfall. (c.) The results of the water level and beach elevation analyses show that marine processes are significant to the generation of cliff instability, consistent with the field observations and with the Sunamura (1983) model. These findings suggest that the instability of soft sea-cliffs results from complex and interacting controls that require an approach utilising a fully integrated transient hydrology and slope stability modelling. These results have significant implications for current coastal management practice.
Potential molecular targets for intervention in pelvic organ prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a concerning gynecological benign illness in middle-aged and senior women. Its etiology is complex, the incidence rate is high, symptoms are clinically subjective, and its influence tends to be polarized. At present, for those who need medical treatment, whether surgical or non-surgical, complications cannot be ignored, and treatment effect needs to be optimized. However, there is a lack of accurate molecular biological interventions for the prevention, diagnosis, progression delay, and treatment of POP. Here, we reviewed the current state of understanding of the molecular mechanisms and factors associated with POP etiology. These factors include cyclins, matrix metal peptidases/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, microRNAs, homeobox A11, transforming growth factor β1, insulin-like growth factor 1, fibulin 5, lysyl oxidase-like 1, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, estrogen, and other potential biomarkers associated with POP. In addition, relevant molecular targets that may be used to intervene in POP are summarized. The aim of this review was to provide more information to identify accurate potential biomarkers and/or molecular targets for the prevention, diagnosis, progression delay, and treatment of POP, with the goal of improving medical treatment for patients at-risk for POP or having POP. Continued research is needed to identify additional details of currently accepted molecular mechanisms and to identify additional mechanisms that contribute to POP.
Cognitive ability impact on life insurance lapsation

Life insurance is an important household risk management and financial tool. Policy lapsation has economic effects on life insurance companies, policyholders, and beneficiaries that may be detrimental when these lapses are unexpected. Prior literature examined several hypotheses of life insurance lapse focusing mainly on macroeconomic factors using aggregate data and household microeconomic factors using household-level data. We introduce and test individual cognitive ability variables in a model of the life insurance voluntary lapse decision by individual policyholders using household-level data from the Health and Retirement Study. We find that one measure of cognitive ability, in particular, numer- acy, is related to the voluntary lapse decision. While controlling for numeracy, we find evidence that those individuals with higher levels of net worth are less likely to voluntarily lapse a policy which is consistent with the emergency fund hypothesis. We introduce a new measure of liquidity shock, kids moving home, into the model and find it has a strong positive relationship with the decision to voluntar- ily lapse a policy. Consistent with life insurance demand theory, we find that those who have recently entered retirement are more likely to lapse their policy.
The Space Charge Model. A new analytical approximation solution of Poisson-Boltzmann equation: the extended homogeneous approximation

A BSTRACT The validity of different analytical approximations solution is studied using the classical Poisson– Boltzmann (PB) equation based on a mean-ﬁeld description of ions as ideal point charges in combination with the assumption of fully overlapped electrical double layers in the membrane pores. The electrical conductivity is calculated by numerical and approximate analytical methods in order to explain the process of ion transport. In this paper, a new analytical approximation named the extended homogeneous approximation (EH) is presented, which provides better results than the homogeneous approximation based on Donnan theory. Also, the results show that the electrical conductivity calculated by the EH, is coherent with the numerical method within speciﬁc limits.
A nomogram to predict in-hospital mortality of gastrointestinal bleeding patients in the intensive care unit

Background Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a common condition in clinical practice, and predictive models for patients with GIB have been developed. However, assessments of in-hospital mortality due to GIB in the intensive care unit (ICU), especially in critically ill patients, are still lacking. This study was designed to screen out independent predictive factors affecting in-hospital mortality and thus establish a predictive model for clinical use. Methods This retrospective study included 1,442 patients with GIB who had been admitted to the ICU. They were selected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) 1.0 database and divided into a training group and a validation group in a ratio of 7:3. The main outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Least absolute shrinkage and section operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen out independent predictors and create a nomogram. Results LASSO regression picked out nine independent predictors: heart rate (HR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), acute physiology score III (APSIII), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), cerebrovascular disease, acute kidney injury (AKI), norepinephrine, vasopressin, and dopamine. Our model proved to have excellent predictive value with regard to in-hospital mortality (the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.906 and 0.881 in the training and validation groups, respectively), as well as a good outcome on a decision curve analysis to assess net benefit. Conclusion Our model effectively predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with GIB, indicating that it may prove to be a valuable tool in future clinical practice.
Fostering public climate change discussions from a social interaction perspective

Public discussions on climate change, as a form of social interaction, are widely recognized as effective tools for promoting collective action. However, there is limited research on examining the factors that influence climate change discussions from a social interaction perspective. In the present study, we conducted a large sample (N = 1,169) survey to investigate personal (such as self-efficacy and personal response efficacy) and others' (such as perceived others' response efficacy and social norms) factors influencing climate change discussions from a social interaction perspective. The results showed that (i) for people with high climate change perceptions, personal response efficacy, self-efficacy, and social norms have positive effects on climate change discussions, but the effect of perceived others' response efficacy on climate change discussion is not significant; (ii) for people with low climate change perceptions, self-efficacy and social norms have positive effects on climate change discussions, but the effects of personal response efficacy and perceived others' response efficacy on climate change discussion are not significant; (iii) irrespective of individuals' high or low perceptions of climate change, social norm remains the most important predictor of climate change discussions. These findings make valuable contributions to the theoretical literature and intervention efforts regarding climate change discussions from a social interaction perspective.
Differential tree mortality in response to severe drought: evidence for long‐term vegetation shifts

1 Although drought frequency and severity are predicted to increase across numerous continental interiors, the consequences of these changes for dominant plants are largely unknown. Over the last decade, the south‐western US has experienced six drought years, including the extreme droughts of 1996 and 2002, which led to widespread tree mortality across northern Arizona. 2 We examined the impact of these droughts on the co‐dominant tree species of the pinyon–juniper woodland (Pinus edulis and Juniperus monosperma), a major vegetation type in the US. 3 Pinyon mortality following both droughts was 6.5‐fold higher than juniper mortality. In addition, large pinyons suffered 2–6‐fold greater mortality than small pinyons, a pattern associated with higher mortality of reproductively mature trees and survival of smaller pinyons resulting from facilitation by established vegetation. Differential mortality of large pinyons resulted in a vegetation shift such that the pinyon–juniper woodlands are becoming dominated by juniper, a species that is typical of lower elevations and more arid conditions. 4 Sites that experienced high pinyon mortality during the first drought suffered additional mortality during the second drought, so that reductions in tree densities and the resulting release from below‐ground competition did not buffer surviving pinyons against additional mortality during the second drought. Such repeated mortality events also suggest that these stands may suffer chronic stress. 5 Reductions in biotic associations (e.g. avian seed dispersers, ectomycorrhizas and nurse plants) that will probably result from extreme mortality of large pinyons ensure that the observed vegetation shifts will be persistent. Because approximately 1000 species are associated with pinyon pine, the shift in the structure of these woodlands has large‐scale community consequences.
A patch filling method for thematic map refinement: a case study on forest cover mapping in the Greater Mekong Subregion and Malaysia

ABSTRACT Accurate forest cover mapping is essential for monitoring the status of forest extent in Southeast Asia. However, tropical areas frequently experience cloud cover, resulting in invalid or missing data in thematic maps. The initial 2005 and 2010 forest cover maps produced by the collaboration of the Greater Mekong Subregion and Malaysia (GMS+) economies contain unclassified pixels in the areas affected by cloud or cloud shadow. To enhance the usability and effectiveness of the 2005 and 2010 GMS+ forest cover maps for further analysis and applications, we present a novel method for accurately mapping forest cover in the presence of cloud cover. We employed a pixel-based algorithm to create clear view composites and automatically generated land cover training labels from the existing forest cover maps. We then reclassified the invalid areas and produced updated maps. The land cover types for all previously missing pixels have been successfully reclassified. The accuracy of this method was assessed at both the pixel and region level, with an overall accuracy of 94.2% at the forest/non-forest level and 86.6% at the finer classification level by pixel level assessment across all reclassified patches, and 93.2% at the forest/non-forest level and 89.9% at the finer level by region level for the selected site. There are 2.6% of forest and 0.7% of non-forest areas in the 2005 map, as well as 2.7% of forest and 0.6% of non-forest in the 2010 map have been reclassified from invalid pixels. This approach provides a framework for filling invalid areas in the existing thematic map toward improving its spatial continuity. The updated outputs provide more accurate and reliable information than the initial maps on the status of forest extent in the GMS+, which is critical for effective forest management and sustainable use in the region.
The Influence of Problem Based Learning Model on the Critical Thinking Elementary School

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan besarnya pengaruh Problem Based Learning terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V SDN Jeruk Purut II. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan tipe Pre-Experimental Design dan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar tes kemampuan berpikir kritis yang terdiri dari 12 soal. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t sampel berpasangan dan uji t kuadrat ETA. Hasil pengujian hipotesis pretest dan posttest menunjukkan sig. (2-tailed) 0,00 yang lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis. Kemudian perhitungan eta kuadrat menunjukkan nilai 0,0880 yang termasuk kategori sangat besar. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian adalah model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V SD dan besaran pengaruhnya termasuk dalam kategori sangat besar.
Magnetostrictive Sensors for Composite Damage Detection and Wireless Structural Health Monitoring

The efficacy of magnetostrictive ribbon actuators as aerospace composites impact damage detectors has been investigated through finite-element modeling and experimental studies, investigating both the sensitivity of magnetostrictive ribbons embedded and surface mounted using the tensile and three-point bending tests. From the modeling, it was found that the surface-mounted ribbons increased Young’s modulus of the system compared to the composite alone but caused the ribbons to delaminate from the surface before failure. The embedded ribbons did not appear to affect the structural properties of the composite, which was observed through the three-point bending tests carried out. From the impact damage tests, it was determined that the ribbons had to be embedded two-ply below the surface to measure impact energies greater than 1.6 J. For surface-mounted ribbons, damages of 1.6 J to the surface could be detected and pinpointed for two ribbons 10 mm apart. We also demonstrate in a simple way how a two-ribbon scheme may be used to determine the damage position in the tested sample, which may be extended for wireless sensing.
Students' perception on the using of Google Classroom for writing at vocational high school

The study is aimed at finding the students’ perception on the using of Google Classroom for writing skill at vocational high school. This research generally answered the question: What are student’s perception on the using of Google Classroom for writing skill? The data was collected through interviews. There were 5 students of tenth grade as the participant. This research explored the students’ perception which came from the students’ experiences during COVID-19 pandemic. It is descriptive research by using qualitative technique. The result showed varied answers yet so much positive after all. Keywords: Perception; Google Classroom; Writing skill
Innovative Strategies for Integrating Technology into Agricultural Programmes at Technical and Vocational Colleges

The transformation of agricultural programmes warrants that Technical and Vocational Education, and Training (TVET) lecturers use innovative strategies to integrate technology into their teaching. Currently, most training programmes have shifted from the traditional methods of teaching to integrate technology; hence, the strategies for training using these technologies are required. In this study, 20 lecturers from three TVET college campuses were interviewed and their teachings were observed. The ultimate purpose of this qualitative study was to propose innovative strategies for integrating technologies into the agricultural programmes. The research participants who were regarded as being knowledgeable and experienced in agricultural programmes were selected using the purposive and convenient sampling method. Data was thematically analysed and presented using categories such as the exploration of technology integration; the experimentation with technology integration; the adoption of technology integration; and the advanced technology integration that was adopted from the Kotrlik-Redmann (2003) framework. The findings suggest that the innovative strategies, including but not limited to being proactive, improvising, being developmental, and seeking assistance strategies can be used to integrate technologies. The study reveals that the lecturers use various innovative strategies for integrating technologies into the agricultural programmes. We recommend that the TVET colleges offering agricultural programmes, the Department of Higher Education and Training, and the other key stakeholders implement innovative strategies to help in the complete integration of technology. We also suggest the need to provide TVET lecturers with continuous training in the use of innovative technology.