Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photosynthesis and Partitioning of Dry Matter in Sunflower

Environmental and plant factors affecting photosynthesis in sunflower were studied in controlled environments and under field conditions. The response to temperature had a broad optimum around 27°C indicating that temperature is unlikely to limit photosynthesis of the crop under normal summer growing conditions. As found for most crops, carbon dioxide was the main factor limiting photosynthesis under optimum conditions of temperature and irradiance. Photosynthetic rates varied with the age and position of the leaf on the main stem. The maximum rate achieved by any leaf was obtained by fitting an exponential relationship of the form P = A(l -e-BI), which gave an adequate description of the light response curve. The photosynthetic rate of leaves increased to a maximum just prior to full leaf expansion and then declined. An increasing rate of photosynthesis was also characteristic of the leaf profile up the main stem, culminating in highest rates in the upper part of the leaf canopy. These data indicate that the larger recently developed active leaves, which are produced on the upper part of the stem, have the greatest potential photosynthetic capacity and are most effective in supplying carbon assimilates at all stages during the development of the crop. In the field, rates of photosynthesis for individual leaves were of the same order of magnitude and followed the same pattern as those recorded in controlled environments. Also, their diurnal patterns of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were relatively unaffected by reduced water potentials as low as -2.0 to -2.5 MPa during the middle of the day. The partitioning of dry matter in sunflower into the various above ground parts was characterized and at physiological maturity the seed represented 55% of the dry weight of the inflorescence but only 33% of the dry weight of the total plant. There was a linear increase with time in the oil content of the seed following fertilization, reaching a maximum at about 20-25 days, several weeks before the seed reached physiological maturity. These data can provide the necessary response functions required for the photosynthetic submodel of a more comprehensive model to predict the yield and adaptation of sunflower under varying environmental conditions.
Fractionation of sulphur with different physico-chemical properties of cultivated soils from north western Himalayas

Deficiencies of sulphur (S) in agricultural crops are becoming more common but comparatively little is known regarding its kinetics and relation with physico-chemical properties of cultivated soils of North Western Himalayas. Eighty surface soil samples (0-0.15 m depth) from different districts of Himachal Pradesh (India) lying in North West Himalayas were studied in present investigation. The results emanated from the present study revealed that soil pH, organic carbon (OC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in soil samples ranged from 5.45 to 7.18, 7.8 to 15.2 g kg-1 and 6.1 to 17.5 cmol (p+) kg-1. The textural classes varied from sandy loam to clay. Among different fractions of S; organic S was recorded as the dominant fraction in constituting total S followed by heat soluble S than available S and water soluble S. All S fractions were positively correlated with clay, OC and CEC but negatively with sand, silt and pH.
Supply Chain Integration and Supply Chain Performance: The Mediating Role of Supply Chain Resilience

The objective of this study is to examine the influence of supply chain integration (SCI) on supply chain resilience (SCRES) on supply chain performance (SCP) dimensions of large – scale manufacturing firms in Pakistan. It also examines the indirect effects of all the SCI dimensions on all the SCP dimensions through the SCRES. A quantitative approach using questionnaire survey was employed to examine the hypotheses and theoretical framework. Data were collected from 182 manufacturing firms in Pakistan and the SMART PLS version 3.2. 7 was used for data analysis. The results showed that the SCI contributed significantly to the SCRES while the SCRES impacted on the SCP substantially. However, the association between the SCI and the SCP was not linear; it was determined by the level of the SCRES. This study fills the research gap by integrating the SCRES as a mediator between the SCI and the SCP.
Insights into the defence of honey bees, Apis mellifera L., against insecticides

There are some contradictory theories on how tolerant honey bees are of pesticides. Since the honey bee genome has been published (Honey bee Genome Sequencing Consortium, 2006), more is known about their metabolic systems, especially the detoxification pathways for potential xenobiotics. Bioassay and biochemical data from various studies have shown that both P450s and carboxylesterases are responsible for pesticide metabolism in honey bees. Here, those metabolic enzymes that confer primary defence to different classes of insecticides in honey bee were validated. Metabolic enzymes are characterised regarding their ability to interact with the insecticide. Synergist bioassay results with PBO and EN 16/5-1 suggest that detoxification mechanism(s) play an important role in protecting honey bees from selected insecticide toxicity. No binding was found between honey bee esterases and tested insecticides, whilst inhibition of P450 activity sensitised the honey bees to these chemicals. Metabolism of tau-fluvalinate and thiacloprid in honey bees is reportedly due to P450 activity, but this metabolism may not be the only reason for the relatively benign action of this insecticide on bees. Honey bees are less sensitive to neonicotinoids containing a cyanoimino pharmacophore than to those with a nitroimino group, however the specific enzymes involved in detoxification remain to be characterised. In this work, pre-treatment of honey bees with a sub-lethal dose of an insecticide induced protection to the same compound. Transcriptome profiling, using microarrays, identified a number of genes encoding detoxification enzymes that were overexpressed significantly in insecticide-treated bees compared to untreated controls.
Quantum-Classical Electron as an Organizing Principle in Nature

We are introducing briefly to the new theory of “quantum” transitions in molecular and chemical physics — quantum-classical mechanics, in which an electron behaves dynamically in two ways: both as a quantum and as a classical elementary particle. Namely, in the initial and final adiabatic states of molecular “quantum” transitions, the light electron exhibits its quantum properties. On the contrary, in the transient molecular state, the electron, provoking the so-called dozy chaos in the vibrational motion of very heavy nuclei “in order” to shift the equilibrium positions of their vibrations to new positions corresponding to the new distribution of the electron charge, because of the continuous energy spectrum in the transient state, manifests itself as a classical elementary particle. The article discusses mainly studied and some promising applications of the organizing role of an electron in nature. Among the well-studied applications, the quantum-classical organization of optical absorption band shapes in polymethine dyes and their J-aggregates is discussed. For example, the well-known narrow and intense J-band of J-aggregates is one of the striking examples of the implementation of the so-called Egorov resonance, in which the motion of the reorganization of the nuclei of the environmental medium significantly contributes to the electron transition in the optical pi-electron chromophore of J-aggregates. This effect can also be interpreted as the transfer of dozy chaos from the peak of the J-band into its wing by a chaotic motion of the quantum-classical pi-electron state of the J-chromophore. The dynamic role of the quantum-classical electron in the joint organization of the absorption and luminescence spectra, and an extension of quantum-classical mechanics to nonlinear optical processes are discussed. The probable leading role of quantum-classical electrons in the evolution of molecular matter and possibility of applications of quantum-classical mechanics to the study of cancer and viruses are discussed as a future research perspective.
Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

We prove a general theorem about preservation of the covering dimension dim by certain covariant functors that implies, among others, the following concrete results. (i) If G is a pathwise connected separable metric NSS abelian group and X, Y are Tychonoff spaces such that the group-valued function spaces Cp(X, G) and Cp(Y, G) are topologically isomorphic as topological groups, then dim X = dimY . (ii) If free precompact abelian groups of Tychonoff spaces X and Y are topologically isomorphic, then dim X = dim Y . (iii) If R is a topological ring with a countable network and the free topological R-modules of Tychonoff spaces X and Y are topologically isomorphic, then dim X = dimY . The classical result of Pestov [The coincidence of the dimensions dim of lequivalent spaces, Soviet Math. Dokl. 26 (1982), no. 2, 380–383] about preservation of the covering dimension by l-equivalence immediately follows from item (i) by taking the topological group of real numbers as G.
Estimation of quality of spaghetti-form commercial gluten-free pastas

A b s t r a c t. The objective of the study was the estimation of quality of spaghetti-form commercial gluten-free pastas with diversified raw material composition. The experimental material consisted of 9 pastas, including 7 gluten-free pastas and 2 wheat pastas (from semolina and from flour from common wheat grain) which constituted the control sample. The packaging was evaluated for correct labelling, and the content of crumble was determined. The content of basic chemical components was assessed, such as water, total protein, mineral components (ash). Culinary and sensory evaluation of the pastas was carried out. It was found that a majority of the gluten-free pastas, except for the buckwheat pasta, contained significantly less total protein, which translated into greater loss of dry matter during their cooking. In terms of sensory features, pastas made of rice flour and from a mixture of maize and rice flour were highly rated, while the buckwheat pasta was definitely rated the lowest. K e y w o r d s: gluten-free pasta, chemical composition, culinary quality, sensory properties
Twenty-first century ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and upper-ocean nutrient and primary production decline from CMIP6 model projections

Abstract. Anthropogenic climate change is projected to lead to ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, reductions in near-surface nutrients, and changes to primary production, all of which are expected to affect marine ecosystems. Here we assess projections of these drivers of environmental change over the twenty-first century from Earth system models (ESMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) that were forced under the CMIP6 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Projections are compared to those from the previous generation (CMIP5) forced under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). A total of 10 CMIP5 and 13 CMIP6 models are used in the two multi-model ensembles. Under the high-emission scenario SSP5-8.5, the multi-model global mean change (2080–2099 mean values relative to 1870–1899) ± the inter-model SD in sea surface temperature, surface pH, subsurface (100–600 m) oxygen concentration, euphotic (0–100 m) nitrate concentration, and depth-integrated primary production is +3.47±0.78 ∘C, -0.44±0.005, -13.27±5.28, -1.06±0.45 mmol m−3 and -2.99±9.11 %, respectively. Under the low-emission, high-mitigation scenario SSP1-2.6, the corresponding global changes are +1.42±0.32 ∘C, -0.16±0.002, -6.36±2.92, -0.52±0.23 mmol m−3, and -0.56±4.12 %. Projected exposure of the marine ecosystem to these drivers of ocean change depends largely on the extent of future emissions, consistent with previous studies. The ESMs in CMIP6 generally project greater warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and nitrate reductions but lesser primary production declines than those from CMIP5 under comparable radiative forcing. The increased projected ocean warming results from a general increase in the climate sensitivity of CMIP6 models relative to those of CMIP5. This enhanced warming increases upper-ocean stratification in CMIP6 projections, which contributes to greater reductions in upper-ocean nitrate and subsurface oxygen ventilation. The greater surface acidification in CMIP6 is primarily a consequence of the SSPs having higher associated atmospheric CO2 concentrations than their RCP analogues for the same radiative forcing. We find no consistent reduction in inter-model uncertainties, and even an increase in net primary production inter-model uncertainties in CMIP6, as compared to CMIP5.
Experimental evaluation of the thermal and hygrometric behavior of a Colombian greenhouse used for the production of roses (Rosa spp.)

Abstract The spatial behavior of the environmental variables involved in rose production is one of the factors of greatest current interest in the Colombian ornamental sector. The aim of this work consisted in the evaluation of a passive greenhouse through an experimental approach that included the capture and recording of data through a grid of 40 sensors homogeneously distributed inside the greenhouse. The data processing was carried out through the application of geostatistical techniques that allowed to obtain contour plots for 5 levels of radiation intensity. The results of the exploratory analysis showed that the behavior of temperature, relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit are not the most suitable for rose production, mainly for the conditions of the night period where the temperature exhibited values below 12.5 °C, the relative humidity was above 90% and the vapour pressure deficit was below 0.1 kPa. On the other hand in the structural analysis the circular model of theoretical semivariogram was the one that better degree of adjustment presented in comparison with the experimental data finding that a strong spatial dependency exists for the studied variables, the prediction of the not sampled points was made by means of the method of ordinary kriging finding that horizontal gradients of temperature and relative humidity exist inside the greenhouse that increases in magnitude according to the level of radiation arriving to reach values of 6.1 °C and 30.4%.
Women’s Knowledge and Perception about Benefits of Folic Acid Intake Before and During Pregnancy According to Health Belief Model in Beni-Suief City

Over the past 5 decades, there has been a rapid growth of knowledge about folic acid (FA) and its role in the prevention of Neural Tube Defects (NTDs). The present study aimed to assess women’s knowledge and perception regarding benefits of FA intake before and during pregnancy according to the health belief model (HBM). Study design: descriptive cross - sectional. Sample and settings: carried on a total of 500 pregnant women in antenatal care units which affiliates to 5 settings in Beni-Sueif city. Tool: semi structured interview questionnaire included the MBM. Results of this study indicated Just 19.6% had adequate knowledge about FA, while 70.8% of women take FA currently, also majority of women don't take it currently as they need prescription to take it. And (84%) of women had positive perception of importance of FA. Conclusion and Recommendations: education, pregnancy planning, and residence were statistically significant factors affecting women's knowledge and perception related to FA intake behavior. Based upon findings of the current study, a well-organized periconceptional FA supplementation program is required, and application of HBM is recommended to improve women& health care provider about perception related to FA intake benefits.
Potential of Vermicompost Drippings and Other Vermicomposting Products on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce

Vermicompost drippings (VD), one of the by-products of vermicomposting, have been largely ignored in the Philippines as an organic fertilizer for economically important vegetable crops. Several reports mention that using vermicompost drippings/leachates have significantly improved crop growth, which had been attributed to its large amounts of plant nutrients, growth hormones, and presence of beneficial organisms. This study aims to look into the potential of vermicompost drippings as a possible foliar fertilizer for lettuce. The application of vermicompost drippings, vermitea, and vermicompost significantly improved growth, yield and nutrient uptake of lettuce grown in acidic soil conditions, which is comparable with those fertilized by synthetic fertilizers. Further improvement in yield was recorded when vermicompost was supplemented with a foliar application of vermicompost drippings. In terms of nutrient uptake, a tripled increase from plants treated with at least two vermicomposting products was recorded while highest phosphorus uptake was manifested by the application of vermicompost drippings. The same trend exists in potassium plant uptake, where there was an observed increase of about four times potassium content in tissue compared to the control. This increased nutrient resulted in taller and heavier plants with bigger and more developed leaves, dramatically increasing yield. Hence, lettuce could be grown organically using vermitea, vermicompost, and vermicompost drippings, but further improvement of growth and yield could be done using a combined application of vermicompost and drippings.
A Novel Power Efficient Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

— The nodes in a sensor network are severely constrained by energy. Reducing the energy consumption of the nodes to prolong the network lifetime is considered a critical challenge while designing a new routing protocol. In this paper we propose a new power-aware, adaptive, hierarchical and chain based protocol - CCPAR (Clustered Chain based Power Aware Routing) that utilizes the periodic assignments of the cluster head role to different nodes based on the highest residual battery capacity for ensuring the even dissipation of power by all the nodes. Transmission from a single cluster head to the base station in each round and the distribution of the data aggregation workload among all the nodes, save the cluster heads from early exhaustion. The use of data aggregation also reduces the amount of information to be transmitted to the base station. By chaining the nodes in each cluster and using a separate chain for the cluster heads, CCPAR offers the advantage of small transmit distances for most of the nodes and thus helps them to be operational for a longer period of time by conserving their limited energy. The simultaneous construction of multiple chains in different clusters reduces the time for chain construction as well as the length of each of the chains. These shorter length chains solve the problem of excessive delay in transmission for the distant nodes. Use of a fresh set of parameter values in each round provides the users the flexibility to change these values in a way to control the power consumption. The introduction of MAX threshold enables CCPAR to be quickly responsive and thus highly suitable for time critical applications. From the performance evaluation we observe that CCPAR outperforms other protocols in terms of energy saving and longevity of the network.
The Effect of Intensive Interval Method Training With Active Recovery and Extensive Intervals and Passive Recovery on 100 Meter Freestyle Swimming Speed

The purpose of this study was to determine: 1) Effect of Intensive Interval training with Active recovery and Intervals Extensivewith Passive Recovery to the results of the swimming speed of 100 meter freestyle. The type this study is quasi-experimental. The population in this study are all Tirta swimming club athletes and the sample was 16 people. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The test instruments used in this research wasthe tests of speed of freestyle, while statistical data analysis techniques used were normality test and test-t. The findings shows that: 1) There is influence of interval training with Active Recovery Intensive against swimming speed (pre-test=78.53) and (posttest=74.87) with tcount = 6.28> t table = 1.895). 2) There is influence of Extensive interval training with Passive Recovery on swimming speed, (pretest=78.85) and (post-test=74.48) (t = 5.47> t table = 1.895). 3) There is no difference in the effect of interval training with Active Recovery Intensive and Extensive Interval with Passive Recovery on swimming speed is the average post-test interval exercise group Intensive with Active Recovery (t = 0.385 <table = 1.895). It means the application of this method training will be improve the speed of swimming athlete.
Potential Impacts of Copper Sulfate and Sodium Silicate Salts of Maize Late Wilt Disease and Synthase of Anti-defense Compounds

Received : 18 / 12 / 2019 ; Accepted: 8 / 3 / 2020 DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2020. 21138.1079 ©2019 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC) MAIZE seeds coating by copper sulfate and sodium silicate salts exhibited non phytotoxic and led to reduce late wilt disease infection percentage under field conditions during tested seasons compared to control treatment. A fertilizer by 5-25 g plot-1 of these salts added at first and second irrigations separately to maize seedlings led to retarding of late wilt disease in the field and caused reduction of infection percentage with the most salts tested concentrations. Reduction of the disease as salts application resulted in enhancement of yield especially with high concentrations. Increasing of salt concentrations led to increase the retarding of late wilt disease and reduction of infection percentage. Generally, copper sulfate was more effective against late wilt disease than sodium silicate and recorded high retarding of disease and the highest enhancement of the yield in comparison of control and other treatments. Induction of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes synthase by salts application may be have role in retarding late wilt disease as well as increasing of chemical compounds of fat, ash and carbohydrates content. The reverse was true in case of antioxidant and total phenols, which extracts of treatments possessed activity in all with non-significant with control treatment.
Clinicomorphological study of ovarian tumours: two year study

Background: The ovarian tumors manifest a wide spectrum of clinical, morphological and histological features. The aim of the study was to study the histopathological patterns of 597 ovarian tumors received in Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala for a period of 2 years and to correlate with variousclinical parameters like age, nature of presentation, laterality of tumors. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 597 ovarian tumors at Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram for a period of 2 years. The clinical data of the patients was obtained from their respective files. Results: Study included 597 cases removed from 570 patients. Total 543 cases were unilateral and 27 cases were bilateral. The predominant age group of ovarian tumors was 4th to 5th decade. The most common clinical presentation was pain abdomen followed by mass abdomen. In the present study, 85% cases were benign tumors, 3.34% were borderline and 11.6% were malignant. Surface epithelial tumors were the most common ovarian neoplasm (79%), followed by germ cell tumor (25%), sex cord stromal tumors (4.2%) and metastasis (0.34%). The most common benign tumor was serous cystadenoma and the most common malignant tumor was serous carcinoma. Mucinous borderline tumor was the most common borderline tumor in this study. Conclusions: Majority of ovarian tumors in this study were benign. Surface epithelial tumor was the most common ovarian tumor in the present study. Most common age group was 40-49 years.