Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR THE 0 ≲ z ≲ 8 REDSHIFT EVOLUTION OF THE GALAXY ULTRAVIOLET LUMINOSITY AND STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS

We present a model to understand the redshift evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar mass functions of Lyman break galaxies. Our approach is based on the assumption that the luminosity and stellar mass of a galaxy is related to its dark-matter (DM) halo assembly and gas infall rate. Specifically, galaxies experience a burst of star formation at the halo assembly time, followed by a constant star formation rate, representing a secular star formation activity sustained by steady gas accretion. Star formation from steady gas accretion is the dominant contribution to the galaxy UV luminosity at all redshifts. The model is calibrated by constructing a galaxy luminosity versus halo mass relation at z = 4 via abundance matching. After this luminosity calibration, the model naturally fits the z = 4 stellar mass function, and correctly predicts the evolution of both luminosity and stellar mass functions from z = 0 to z = 8. While the details of star formation efficiency and feedback are hidden within our calibrated luminosity versus halo mass relation, our study highlights that the primary driver of galaxy evolution across cosmic time is the buildup of DM halos, without the need to invoke a redshift-dependent efficiency in converting gas into stars.
Electronic topological transition in LaSn3 under pressure

The electronic structure, Fermi surface, and elastic properties of the isostructural and isoelectronic LaSn 3 and YSn 3 intermetallic compounds are studied under pressure within the framework of density functional theory including spin-orbit coupling. The LaSn 3 Fermi surface consists of two sheets, of which the second is very complex. Under pressure a third sheet appears around compression V/V 0=0.94, while a small topology change in the second sheet is seen at compression V/V 0=0.90. This may be in accordance with the anomalous behavior in the superconducting transition temperature observed in LaSn 3, which has been suggested to reflect a Fermi surface topological transition, along with a nonmonotonic pressure dependence of the density of states at the Fermi level. The same behavior is not observed in YSn 3, the Fermi surface of which already includes three sheets at ambient conditions, and the topology remains unchanged under pressure. The reason for the difference in behavior between LaSn 3 and YSn 3 is the role of spin-orbit coupling and the hybridization of La 4f states with the Sn p states in the vicinity of the Fermi level, which is well explained using the band structure calculation. The elastic constants and related mechanical properties are calculated at ambient as well as at elevated pressures. The elastic constants increase with pressure for both compounds and satisfy the conditions for mechanical stability under pressure
Pharmacological Aspects and Biological Effects of Cannabigerol and Its Synthetic Derivatives

Cannabigerol (CBG) is a cannabinoid from the plant Cannabis sativa that lacks psychotomimetic effects. Its precursor is the acidic form, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), which is, in turn, a biosynthetic precursor of the compounds cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). CBGA decarboxylation leads to the formation of neutral cannabinoid CBG, through a chemical reaction catalyzed by heat. On the basis of the growing interest in CBG and with the aim of highlighting scientific information on this phytocannabinoid, we focused the content of this article on its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and on its principal pharmacological effects. CBG is metabolized in the liver by the enzyme CYP2J2 to produce hydroxyl and di-oxygenated products. CBG is considered a partial agonist at the CB1 receptor (R) and CB2R, as well as a regulator of endocannabinoid signaling. Potential pharmacological targets for CBG include transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes, cannabinoid, 5-HT1A, and alpha-2 receptors. Pre-clinical findings show that CBG reduces intraocular pressure, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral activities, and has anti-anxiety, neuroprotective, dermatological, and appetite-stimulating effects. Several findings suggest that research on CBG deserves to be deepened, as it could be used, alone or in association, for novel therapeutic approaches for several disorders.
Mercurian impact ejecta: Meteorites and mantle

Abstract— We have examined the fate of impact ejecta liberated from the surface of Mercury due to impacts by comets or asteroids, in order to study 1) meteorite transfer to Earth, and 2) reaccumulation of an expelled mantle in giant‐impact scenarios seeking to explain Mercury's large core. In the context of meteorite transfer during the last 30 Myr, we note that Mercury's impact ejecta leave the planet's surface much faster (on average) than other planets in the solar system because it is the only planet where impact speeds routinely range from 5 to 20 times the planet's escape speed; this causes impact ejecta to leave its surface moving many times faster than needed to escape its gravitational pull. Thus, a large fraction of Mercurian ejecta may reach heliocentric orbit with speeds sufficiently high for Earth‐crossing orbits to exist immediately after impact, resulting in larger fractions of the ejecta reaching Earth as meteorites. We calculate the delivery rate to Earth on a time scale of 30 Myr (typical of stony meteorites from the asteroid belt) and show that several percent of the high‐speed ejecta reach Earth (a factor of 2–3 less than typical launches from Mars); this is one to two orders of magnitude more efficient than previous estimates. Similar quantities of material reach Venus.
Prognosis and evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease intubated in intensive care unit

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third most common cause of death worldwide. It is important to prevent this problem from a human as well as an economic point of view. With ever-increasing number of people requiring hospitalization, there is a need to increase intervention and treatment facilities and to develop new treatment approaches necessary to reduce mortality. We evaluated the course of the disease of patients who were already admitted to the intensive care unit with respiratory failure due to COPD, underwent acute exacerbation requiring intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Methodology: Our study included 149 patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit with respiratory failure due to COPD exacerbation only, who underwent intubation and IMV while being followed up in the intensive care unit. The demographic data of patients diagnosed with COPD before hospitalization, length of stay in the intensive care unit and service, comorbid diseases, type of respiratory support device before IMV, current pneumonia status during exacerbation, and laboratory values ​​were recorded. The relationship between the in-hospital exacerbation in COPD and the prognosis was evaluated. Results: The mean intensive care unit stay of these patients was 3.74 ± 4 days. Reintubation was needed in 56 patients (37.6%), 30 patients (20%) could not survive. A statistically significant difference was found between pneumonia developing in the hospital and the mortality (P = .01). Conclusion: While studies are ongoing for the prevention of COPD exacerbations, more studies are needed to develop approaches and treatments for patients with COPD who develop acute respiratory failure due to their existing disease and need intensive care, as the associated mortality is very high. Abbreviations: COPD - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IMV - Invasive mechanical ventilation; HFNC - High Flow Nasal Cannula; NIMV - Non-invasive mechanical ventilation; CRP – C-Reactive protein; GOLD - Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Key words: Intubation; Invasive mechanical ventilation; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; COPD; High Flow Nasal Cannula; HFNC Citation: Kilinç M, Yildiz M, Mentes O, Durmaz G. Prognosis and evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease intubated in intensive care unit. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(4):474-479. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i4. 1950 Received: January 12, 2022; Reviewed: January 19, 2022; Accepted: February 09, 2022.
Factors Affecting the Audit Quality of Government’s Financial Statements (Study at BPK RI Head Office in 2019)

Many problems in managing state finances necessitate quality audited financial statements. Quality audits must also be carried out to maintain public trust in The Audit Board for its roles in conducting the audits of the management and responsibility of state finances. This study examines the factors that influence the audit quality of the government’s financial statements, namely independence, competence, integrity, auditor ethics, objectivity, and motivation. The population in this study were auditors of The Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK RI) Head Office. The number of samples in this study reached 70 respondents. The research method used is quantitative, with primary data analyzed using multiple regression. The study results showed that independence, competence, integrity, auditor ethics, objectivity, and motivation positively affect the audit quality of the government’s financial statements.
Pulsator-like Spectra from Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources and the Search for More Ultraluminous Pulsars

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are a population of extragalactic objects whose luminosity exceeds the Eddington limit for a 10 M⊙ black hole (BH). Their properties have been widely interpreted in terms of accreting stellar-mass or intermediate-mass BHs. However at least three neutron stars (NSs) have been recently identified in ULXs through the discovery of periodic pulsations. Motivated by these findings we studied the spectral properties of a sample of bright ULXs using a simple continuum model which was extensively used to fit the X-ray spectra of accreting magnetic NSs in the Galaxy. We found that such a model, consisting of a power-law with a high-energy exponential cut-off, fits most of the ULX spectra analyzed here very well, at a level comparable to that of models involving an accreting BH. On these grounds alone we suggest that other non-pulsating ULXs may host NSs. We also found that above 2 keV the spectrum of known pulsating ULXs is harder than that of the majority of the other ULXs of the sample, with only IC 342 X-1 and Ho IX X-1 displaying spectra of comparable hardness. We thus suggest that these two ULXs may host an accreting NS and encourage searches for periodic pulsations in the flux.
What gravity waves are telling about quantum spacetime

We discuss various modified dispersion relations motivated by quantum gravity which might affect the propagation of the recently observed gravitational-wave signal of the event GW150914. We find that the bounds set by the data on the characteristic quantum-gravity mass scale $M$ are too weak to constrain these scenarios and, in general, much weaker than the expected $Mg{10}^{4}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$ for a correction to the dispersion relation linear in $1/M$. We illustrate this issue by giving lower bounds on $M$, plus an upper bound coming from constraints on the size of a quantum ergosphere. We also show that a phenomenological dispersion relation ${\ensuremath{\omega}}^{2}={k}^{2}(1+\ensuremath{\alpha}{k}^{n}/{M}^{n})$ is compatible with observations and, at the same time, has a phenomenologically viable mass $Mg10\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ only in the quite restrictive range $0lnl0.68$. Remarkably, this is the domain of multiscale spacetimes but not of known quantum-gravity models.
Electroweak Baryogenesis in R-symmetric Supersymmetry

We demonstrate that electroweak baryogenesis can occur in a supersymmetric model with an exact R-symmetry. The minimal R-symmetric supersymmetric model contains chiral superfields in the adjoint representation, giving Dirac gaugino masses, and an additional set of "R-partner" Higgs superfields, giving R-symmetric \mu-terms. New superpotential couplings between the adjoints and the Higgs fields can simultaneously increase the strength of the electroweak phase transition and provide additional tree-level contributions to the lightest Higgs mass. Notably, no light stop is present in this framework, and in fact, we require both stops to be above a few TeV to provide sufficient radiative corrections to the lightest Higgs mass to bring it up to 125 GeV. Large CP-violating phases in the gaugino/higgsino sector allow us to match the baryon asymmetry of the Universe with no constraints from electric dipole moments due to R-symmetry. We briefly discuss some of the more interesting phenomenology, particularly of the of the lightest CP-odd scalar.
An Excess of Jupiter Analogs in Super-Earth Systems

We use radial velocity (RV) observations to search for long-period gas giant companions in systems hosting inner super-Earth (1–4 R⊕, 1–10 M⊕) planets to constrain formation and migration scenarios for this population. We consistently refit published RV data sets for 65 stars and find nine systems with statistically significant trends indicating the presence of an outer companion. We combine these RV data with AO images to constrain the masses and semi-major axes of these companions. We quantify our sensitivity to the presence of long-period companions by fitting the sample with a power-law distribution and find an occurrence rate of 39% ± 7% for companions 0.5–20 MJup and 1–20 au. Half of our systems were discovered by the transit method, and half were discovered by the RV method. While differences in the RV baselines and number of data points between the two samples lead to different sensitivities to distant companions, we find that occurrence rates of gas giant companions in each sample are consistent at the 0.5σ level. We compare the frequency of Jupiter analogs in these systems to the equivalent rate from field star surveys and find that Jupiter analogs are more common around stars hosting super-Earths. We conclude that the presence of outer gas giants does not suppress the formation of inner super-Earths, and that these two populations of planets instead appear to be correlated. We also find that the stellar metallicities of systems with gas giant companions are higher than those without companions, in agreement with the well-established metallicity correlation from RV surveys of field stars.
Simple and Efficient Chemically Defined In Vitro Maturation and Embryo Culture System for Bovine Embryos

Simple Summary Supplementation of the culture media for the in vitro production of bovine embryos with fetal bovine serum (FBS) is associated with inconsistent outcomes. This study replaced FBS in both maturation and embryo culture media by different growth factors. The results show that FBS is dispensable for in vitro maturation, but not gonadotropins. In addition, embryos generated under completely defined conditions (absence of FBS and BSA during oocyte maturation and embryo culture) showed similar in vitro development and survival rate post thawing compared to undefined conditions carrying FBS. Thus, we report a simple defined IVP system for bovine species that generates developmental outcomes and embryos of similar quality than those produced under conditions containing FBS and BSA. Abstract Supplementation of the culture media for in vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos with fetal bovine serum (FBS) is associated with inconsistent outcomes. The present study sought to replace FBS and BSA by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). In Experiment 1, absence of FBS from maturation medium (MM) did not affect the rate of in vitro maturation, as assessed by the extrusion of the first polar body. However, when gonadotropins and FBS were removed from the MM, the maturation rate was significantly reduced even in the presence of growth factors. Therefore, gonadotropin-supplemented MM medium was established as the base medium for the defined maturation condition. In Experiment 2, the addition of growth factors to gonadotropin-supplemented MM medium supported similar maturation (~90%) compared to the undefined condition (FBS-carrying). In Experiment 3, the addition of growth factors to embryo culture medium showed similar in vitro competence compared to the undefined (FBS) control. In Experiment 4, completely defined conditions (absence of FBS and BSA during in vitro maturation and embryo culture) were tested. A higher cleavage was observed with FGF2 (86%) compared to EGF (77%) and the FBS control (77%), but similar blastocyst rates were observed for FGF2 (24%), EGF (19%) and the FBS control (25%). Embryo quality was similar among groups. Finally, post-thawing survival was higher for FGF2 (94%) compared to the FBS control (77%). Thus, we report a simple defined IVP system for bovine species that generates developmental outcomes and embryos of similar quality than those produced under conditions containing FBS.
Optimized Bose-Einstein-condensate production in a dipole trap based on a 1070-nm multifrequency laser: Influence of enhanced two-body loss on the evaporation process

We present an optimized strategy for the production of tightly confined Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of ${}^{87}$Rb in a crossed dipole trap with direct loading from a magneto-optical trap. The dipole trap is created with light of a multifrequency fiber laser with a center wavelength of 1070 nm. Evaporative cooling is performed by ramping down the laser power only. A comparison of the resulting atom number in an almost pure BEC to the initial atom number and the value for the gain in phase space density per atom lost confirm that this straightforward strategy is very efficient. We observe that the temporal characteristics of evaporation sequence are strongly influenced by power-dependent two-body losses resulting from enhanced optical pumping to the higher-energy hyperfine state. We characterize these losses and compare them to results obtained with a single-frequency laser at 1030 nm.
Detection of galaxy assembly bias

Assembly bias describes the finding that the clustering of dark matter haloes depends on halo formation time at fixed halo mass. In this paper, we analyse the influence of assembly bias on galaxy clustering using both semi-analytical models (SAMs) and observational data. At fixed stellar mass, SAMs predict that the clustering of {\it central} galaxies depends on the specific star formation rate (sSFR), with more passive galaxies having a higher clustering amplitude. We find similar trends using SDSS group catalogues, and verify that these are not affected by possible biases due to the group finding algorithm. Low mass central galaxies reside in narrow bins of halo mass, so the observed trends of higher clustering amplitude for galaxies with lower sSFR is not driven by variations of the parent halo mass. We argue that the clustering dependence on sSFR represent a direct detection of assembly bias. In addition, contrary to what expected based on clustering of dark matter haloes, we find that low-mass central galaxies in SAMs with larger host halo mass have a {\it lower} clustering amplitude than their counter-parts residing in lower mass haloes. This results from the fact that, at fixed stellar mass, assembly bias has a stronger influence on clustering than the dependence on the parent halo mass.
Dual Functionalized Liposomes for Selective Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drugs to Inflamed Brain Regions

Dual functionalized liposomes were developed to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and to release their cargo in a pathological matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-rich microenvironment. Liposomes were surface-functionalized with a modified peptide deriving from the receptor-binding domain of apolipoprotein E (mApoE), known to promote cargo delivery to the brain across the BBB in vitro and in vivo; and with an MMP-sensitive moiety for an MMP-triggered drug release. Different MMP-sensitive peptides were functionalized at both ends with hydrophobic stearate tails to yield MMP-sensitive lipopeptides (MSLPs), which were assembled into mApoE liposomes. The resulting bi-functional liposomes (i) displayed a < 180 nm diameter with a negative ζ-potential; (ii) were able to cross an in vitro BBB model with an endothelial permeability of 3 ± 1 × 10−5 cm/min; (iii) when exposed to functional MMP2 or 9, efficiently released an encapsulated fluorescein dye; (iv) showed high biocompatibility when tested in neuronal cultures; and (v) when loaded with glibenclamide, a drug candidate with poor aqueous solubility, reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines from activated microglial cells.
Dynamic modeling of levitation of a superconducting bulk by coupled H-magnetic field and arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulations

Intrinsically stable magnetic levitation between superconductors and permanent magnets can be exploited in a variety of applications of great technical interest in the field of transportation (rail transportation), energy (flywheels) and industry. In this contribution, we present a new model for the calculation of levitation forces between superconducting bulks and permanent magnets, based on the H-formulation of Maxwell’s equations coupled with an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation. The model uses a moving mesh that adapts at each time step based on the time-change of the distance between a superconductor bulk and a permanent magnet. The model is validated against a fixed mesh model (recently in turn validated against experiments) that uses an analytical approach for calculating the magnetic field generated by the moving permanent magnet. It is then used to analyze the magnetic field dynamics both in field-cooled and zero-field-cooled conditions and successively used to test different configurations of permanent magnets and to compare them in terms of levitation forces. The ease of implementation of this model and its flexibility in handling different geometries, material properties, and application scenarios makes it an attractive tool for the analysis and optimization of magnetic levitation-based applications.