Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of brewer's spent grain extracts by tandem mass spectrometry and HPLC‐DAD: Ferulic acid dehydrodimers, phenolamides, and oxylipins

Abstract Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is a major by‐product of the brewing industry which is generated in high amounts. In recent years, sustainable food production has become more and more important. BSG mainly used as cattle feed has gained high interest due to not only its valuable ingredients such as fiber and proteins but also secondary metabolites remaining in BSG after the brewing process and known for many biological effects. In the present study, various methods were applied, such as acetone extraction (A), alkaline hydrolysis followed by ethyl acetate extraction (HE), and acetone extraction of alkaline hydrolysis residue (HA). Compounds present in the respective bioactive extracts were characterized by mass spectrometry to identify the active compounds. Various hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives as well as oxylipins and some dicarboxylic acids, such as azelaic acid, were present in HE and HA extracts. In contrast, some catechins and phenolamides, such as numerous hordatines, as well as oxylipins and phospholipids were detected in A extracts. Quantification using HPLC‐DAD revealed hordatine contents up to 172.2 ± 2.1 μg p‐coumaric acid equivalents/mg extract. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives content accounted for up to 48% of the total extract (HE extracts) but only around 3% of the total HA extracts. In summary, all extracts contained secondary plant metabolites belonging to different classes, ranging from hydroxycinnamic acids to phenolamides, such as not only hordatines but also oxylipins, which were identified for the first time in BSG.
The Relationship Between Service Automation, Service Quality and Hotel Brand Image in Egypt's Hotel Chains: Guests' Perspective

It is the goal of hoteliers to provide innovative and personalized products and services to their guests. As a result, hotels provide a wide range of services to their guests. The latest technology is used to ensure guest satisfaction. The purpose of service automation is to enhance the quality of service. Therefore, the primary aim of this research is to explore guests' perspectives regarding the relationship between service automation (SA), service quality (SQ) and hotel brand image (HBI) in the context of hotel chains in Egypt. The convenient sample consisted of guests who stayed at hotel chains in Egypt during the last three years. A total of 262 guests were surveyed online for this research. The analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The findings of this research indicate that service automation has no significant impact on the brand image of hotel chains. In spite of this, the quality of a hotel's service contributes to its image. Also, service automation has a significant positive impact on service quality. A discussion of some limitations and future research is also provided. فده يساسأ لأ ةركتبم تامدخو تاجتنم ميدقت وه قدانفلا باحص مهفويضل ، كلذل ةجيتن , اهئلازنل تامدخلا نم ةعساو ةعومجم قدانفلا مدقت و ، اضر نامضل تاينقتلا ثدحأ مادختسا متي ءلازنلا ، و ةتمتأ نم ضرغلا مدخلا تا مدخلا ةدوج نيسحت وه ، قدانفلا هذه لخاد ةمدقملا تا ذل ,ا كا وه ةسا ردلا هذهل يساسلأا فدهلا نإف ت رظن تاهجو فاش ءلازنلا اميف ةمدخلا ةدوجو ةمدخلا ةتمتأ نيب ةقلاعلاب قلعتي ةيراجتلا ةملاعلا ةروصو يف قاطن رصم يف قدانفلا لسلاس ، لا ةنيع ةسا ردلل ةمئلاملا نم تنوكت ءلازنلا رصم يف قدانفلا لسلاس يف اوماقأ نيذلا تاونس ثلاث رخأ للاخ ، مت نايبتسا ددع 262 ربع ليزن ةسا ردلا هذهل تنرتنلإا امك ، ءا رجإ مت جمانرب مادختساب ليلحتلا SPSS و ، جئاتنلا ءوض يف , فاشتكا مت أ هن روص ىلع ةمدخلا ةتمتلأ ريثأت دجوي لا قدانفلا لسلاسل ةيراجتلا ةملاعلا ة ةمدخلا ةدوج ىلع ةياغلل يباجيإ ريثأت اهل ةمدخلا ةتمتأ نإف ,كلذ عمو ، ، اضيأو ةمدخلا ةدوج رثؤت ايباجيإ ةيراجتلا ةملاعلا ةروص ىلع ، امك مت و دويقلا ضعب ةشقانم . ةيلبقتسم ثاحبلأ تايصوتلا ضعب
Incidence and Associations of Acute Kidney Injury after General Thoracic Surgery: A System Review and Meta-Analysis

(1) Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is related to adverse outcomes in critical illness and cardiovascular surgery. In this study, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the incidence and associations of AKI as a postoperative complication of thoracic (including lung resection and esophageal) surgical procedures. (2) Methods: Adopting a systematic strategy, the electronic reference databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) were searched for articles researching postoperative renal outcomes that were diagnosed using RIFLE, AKIN or KDIGO consensus criteria in the context of a thoracic operation. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the incidence of AKI and, where reported, the pooled relative risk of mortality and non-renal complications after AKI. The meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42021274166. (3) Results: In total, 20 studies with information gathered from 34,826 patients after thoracic surgery were covered. Comprehensively, the incidence of AKI was estimated to be 8.8% (95% CI: 6.7–10.8%). A significant difference was found in the mortality of patients with and without AKI (RR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.79–4.79, p < 0.001). Additionally, in patients experiencing AKI, cardiovascular and respiratory complications were more common (p = 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). (4) Conclusions: AKI is a common complication associated with adverse outcomes following general thoracic surgery. An important issue in perioperative care, AKI should be considered as a highly significant prognostic indicator and an attractive target for potential therapeutic interventions, especially in high-risk populations.
A balloon bursting underwater

A buoyant vortex ring produced by an underwater bursting balloon was studied experimentally. The effect of dimensionless surface tension on characteristics including rise velocity, rate of expansion, circulation, trajectory, and lifetime of the vortex ring bubble was investigated. Results showed reasonable agreement with the literature on vortex rings produced by conventional approaches. It was observed that as the dimensionless surface tension increased, the rise velocity, the circulation and consequently the stability of the vortex ring bubble increased; however, the rate of expansion tends toward constant values. A semi-analytical model is proposed by modifying the drag-based model presented by Sullivan et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 609, 2008, pp. 319–347) to make it applicable to buoyant vortex rings. The modified model suggests that the vortex ring expansion is essentially due to the buoyancy force. An expression is also derived for the circulation in terms of the initial volume of the balloon and the depth at which the balloon bursts.
Experimental investigation of the in-plane quasi-static mechanical behaviour of additively-manufactured polyethylene terephthalate/organically modified montmorillonite nanoclay composite auxetic structures

Apart from the inherent anomalous behaviour under tensile and compressive structures, auxetic structures have shown improved energy absorption characteristics that are of prime interest to various fields of study. This is further exemplified by additive manufacturing (AM) techniques and polymer composites to tailor the shape, geometry and form of these structures. Consequently, this paper aims to characterise the in-plane compressive behaviour and negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) of the most prominent auxetic structures fabricated additively used polymer nanocomposite materials. The study incorporates the use of glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) and nanocomposites of PETG filled with organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanoclay particles to produce auxetic structures fabricated through fused filament fabrication (FFF). Different structures such as hexagonal re-entrant honeycomb structures, peanut-shaped honeycombs, chiral honeycomb structures and missing rib structures are characterised for their compressive performance through experimental approaches involving mechanical testing and digital image correlation (DIC). Different parameters such as the peak crushing strength, average crushing strength, NPR, specific energy absorption (SEA), and crush force efficiency (CFE) of these structures are evaluated at different strain rates/loading rates for varying concentrations of nanoclay and PETG. It is observed that higher loadings of nanoclay particles lower the compressive strength of the structures. Additionally, the NPR decreases with increasing strain rates and is also influenced by the composition and the resultant stiffness. Moreover, the geometrical parameters of the structure largely influence its strain energy absorption. The results have shown that such material-structure combinations can produce structures of high-performance capabilities suitable for aerospace applications.
Eclipse mapping of starspots on XY UMa in 1992 and 1995

We present and analyse V-band light curves of the detached eclipsing binary system XY UMa, obtained in 1992 October, 1995 March and November, and 1996 February. The light-curve morphology of this system is known to vary on time-scales of a few days. We have used eclipse mapping techniques to search for evidence that cool starspots are the agents responsible for the variability of the light curve. We derive a new set of geometric system parameters, which we find to be very similar to those derived by Hilditch & Bell. The image derived from the 1992 light curve shows an amorphous band of unresolved spots with a low filling factor, extending over much of the inward-facing hemisphere of the primary. This result is consistent with the extent of the dark-zone model proposed by Hilditch & Bell in their earlier analysis of this same light curve. Irregularities in the primary eclipse profile observed in 1995 and early 1996 are consistent with the eclipse of a dark spot or spots on the inner face of the primary. The major spot in this region appears to be resolved on our 9° surface grid, indicating that the spot consists of an unbroken umbral region some 15° in radius.
The angular power spectra of photometric Sloan Digital Sky Survey luminous red galaxies

We construct new galaxy angular power spectra C-l based on the extended, updated and final Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) II luminous red galaxy (LRG) photometric redshift survey - MegaZ (DR7). Encapsulating 7746 deg2 we utilize 723 556 photometrically determined LRGs between 0.45 < z < 0.65 in a 3.3 (Gpc h-1)3 spherical harmonic analysis of the galaxy distribution. By combining four photometric redshift bins, we find preliminary parameter constraints of f(b) equivalent to (b)/(m) = 0.173 +/- 0.046 and (m) = 0.260 +/- 0.035 assuming H-0 = 75 km s-1 Mpc-1, n(s) = 1 and (k) = 0. These limits are consistent with the cosmic microwave background and the previous data release (DR4). The C-l are sensitive to redshift space distortions and therefore we also recast our constraints into a measurement of beta approximate to 0.55(m)/b in different redshift shells. The robustness of these power spectra with respect to a number of potential systematics such as extinction, photometric redshift and ANNz training set extrapolation are examined. The latter includes a cosmological comparison of available photometric redshift estimation codes where we find excellent agreement between template and empirical estimation methods. MegaZ DR7 represents a methodological prototype to next generation surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey and, furthermore, is a photometric precursor to the spectroscopic BOSS survey. Our galaxy catalogue and all power spectra data can be found at http://zuserver2.star. ucl.ac. uk/similar to sat/MegaZ/MegaZDR7.tar. gz.
Cleavage of Occludin by Cigarette Smoke-Elicited Cathepsin S Increases Permeability of Lung Epithelial Cells

Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an irreversible disease mainly caused by smoking. COPD is characterized by emphysema and chronic bronchitis associated with enhanced epithelial permeability. Hypothesis. Lung biopsies from smokers revealed a decreased expression level of occludin, which is a protein involved in the cohesion of epithelial tight junctions. Moreover, the occludin level correlated negatively with smoking history (pack-years), COPD grades, and cathepsin S (CatS) activity. Thus, we examined whether CatS could participate in the modulation of the integrity of human lung epithelial barriers. Methods and results. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) triggered the upregulation of CatS by THP-1 macrophages through the mTOR/TFEB signaling pathway. In a co-culture model, following the exposure of macrophages to CSE, an enhanced level of permeability of lung epithelial (16HBE and NHBE) cells towards FITC-Dextran was observed, which was associated with a decrease in occludin level. Similar results were obtained using 16HBE and NHBE cells cultured at the air–liquid interface. The treatment of THP-1 macrophages by CatS siRNAs or by a pharmacological inhibitor restored the barrier function of epithelial cells, suggesting that cigarette smoke-elicited CatS induced an alteration of epithelial integrity via the proteolytic injury of occludin. Conclusions. Alongside its noteworthy resistance to oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke oxidants and its deleterious elastin-degrading potency, CatS may also have a detrimental effect on the barrier function of epithelial cells through the cleavage of occludin. The obtained data emphasize the emerging role of CatS in smoking-related lung diseases and strengthen the relevance of targeting CatS in the treatment of emphysema and COPD.
Beneficial Effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum in the DCA Experimental Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Rats

Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716, a probiotic strain isolated from human milk, has reported beneficial effects on different gastrointestinal disorders. Moreover, it has shown its ability to restore altered immune responses, in association with microbiome modulation in different pathological conditions. Therefore, our aim was to assess the effects of a Limosilacbacillus fermentum CECT5716 in a rat experimental model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) that resembles human IBS. The experimental IBS was induced by deoxycholic acid (DCA) in rats and then, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (109 CFU/day/rat) was administered. Behavioral studies, hyperalgesia and intestinal hypersensitivity determinations were performed and the impact of the probiotic on the inflammatory and intestinal barrier integrity was evaluated. Additionally, the gut microbiota composition was analyzed. Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 attenuated the anxiety-like behavior as well as the visceral hypersensitivity and referred pain. Moreover, this probiotic ameliorated the gut inflammatory status, re-establishing the altered intestinal permeability, reducing the mast cell degranulation and re-establishing the gut dysbiosis in experimental IBS. Therefore, our results suggest a potential use of Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 in clinical practice for the management of IBS patients.
On the set of maximal nilpotent supports of supercuspidal representations

Let G be a quasisplit reductive group over a p-adic field k, T a maximal unramified anisotropic torus ofG.k/, and a character ofT.k/ satisfying certain conditions. Assume the residue characteristicp ofk is large enough. It was shown by DeBacker and Reeder that the irreducible supercuspidal representation of G.k/ associated to . T.k/;/ is generic if and only if B.T;k/ is a special vertex of B.G;k/. We compute the set of maximal nilpotent support Nwh;max. / when B.T;k/ is not a special point in B.G;k/.
How parental internet use impacted parenting practices and children’s behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic

Our survey aimed to investigate how online parental behavior affects their parenting practices and how such practices may affect their family relations, their children’s social competencies, school achievements, and self–esteem. We examined a sample of 357 Greek-speaking parents (77.3% mothers and 22.7% fathers). We applied Young's (1998) Internet Addiction Questionnaire, the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ), and Kontopoulou's (2008) questionnaire to assess children's school performance and social competencies, their self-esteem, and family relationships. Our findings indicated that almost half of the participants are moderately addicted to the internet. Parental pathological internet use affects parental style and consequently impacts family relations and children's behavior. Gaining knowledge from the research data helps design and implement intervention programs to prevent and raise public awareness through psychoeducational information programs towards preventing internet addiction. Keywords: compulsive behavior, covid-19, internet addiction, online risks, parenting practices, pathological internet use.
Quality of life for patients with breast cancer: An assessment study

: Background: Breast cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the breast. Breast cancer affects the daily lives of many patients and families confronted by changes in health status, lifestyle and roles, leading to impaired quality of life. The aim of the study to assess quality of life (QOL) of patients with breast cancer through four dimensions of quality of life physical, mental, emotional, and social functioning. Research design is an exploratory descriptive design. Subject: A purposive sample composed of 100 adult female patients with breast cancer. Setting : The study was conducted in Ain Shams University Hospitals ,Breast cancer clinic. Tools : structure Interviewing Questionnaire, Europian Organization For Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 Instrument(EORTC QLQ-C30) and ( EORTC QLQ - BR23 ) . The study results : The mean age of patients was 52 ±7.1 years. There was statistically significant relation between EROTC QLQ C-30 total global health of life of studied patients and age, residence, previous job (before illness) and smoking. There was statistically significant relation between EROTC QLQ C-30 functional scales of life of studied patients and age, marital status, type of housing and smoking. There was statistically significant relation between EROTC QLQ C-30 symptom scales of life of studied patients and age, type of housing and smoking. There was statistically significant relation between EROTC QLQ-BR23 symptom scales of life of studied patients and age. Conclusion : there was a moderate quality of life between all studied patients for all dimensions measured for quality of life. This study recommended that : Improving patients quality of life should be the main objective for nurses during their care of patients with breast cancer. Using specific instrument for evaluating quality of life for patients at disease terminal stages.
Incidental hepatitis B virus in Sudanese patients and relative risk factors: Why more screening is needed in primary care?

ABSTRACT Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered one of the most paternally transmissible viruses. Therefore, education about its risk factors and transmission is vital in decreasing the prevalence of the disease burden in Sudan. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative risk factors of HBV and its impact on the society. Materials And Methods: A facility-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among those who were incidentally detected with HBV surface antigen (HbsAg) and their contact family members by ICT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Tropical Diseases Teaching Hospital, Omdurman locality, Khartoum state, Sudan. Results: The study recruited 112 participants, among whom 63 individuals incidentally attended for screening for HBV and this led to contact tracing of 49 individuals (contact relative group). Among 63 patients of the incidental group, there were 83.9% males and 16.1% females. In the contact tracing group consisting of 49 individuals, there were 83.3% males and 16.7% females (odds ratio [OR] = 1.375, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.14–13.6; P = 0.000). All the participants were screened for HBsAg. HBV was found to have a significant association with male gender (OR = 1.375, 95% CI = 0.14–13.6; P = 0.000), marital status (OR = 627.084, 95% CI = 48–8195; P = 0.000), working as police officers (OR = 524.2, 95% CI = 43.5–6314; P = 0.000), residing in Khartoum (OR = 520.173, 95% CI = 43–6290; P = 0.000), being illiterate (OR = 558.4, 95% CI = 47.7–6544.7; P = 0.000), vaccination status (OR = 625.4, 95% CI = 48.9–7996.3; P = 0.000), and with some concomitant diseases (OR = 559.193, 95% CI = 47.7–6561.5; P = 0.000). Conclusion: The HBV is still considered a very critical, highly infectious disease; therefore, primary care physicians have an important role in the investigation, prevention, and health education, in order to prevent the viral spread.
Utilization of Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Theory to Evaluate Workplace Stress Experienced by Health Care Assistants in a UK In-Patient Dementia Unit after 10 Years of National Financial Austerity (2008–2018)

Aims: Workplace stress for support workers in UK hospitals (Health Care Assistants; HCAs) is poorly understood. This study explores experiences of HCAs working in a National Health Service in-patient dementia unit after 10 years of national financial austerity (2008–2018). Design: Qualitative evaluation. Methods: 15 HCAs (42%) from a specialist dementia care Unit were interviewed. Interviews were guided by UK Health & Safety Executive published dimensions of work stress. Framework analysis was applied to interview transcriptions, corroborated by a follow-up focus group (6 HCAs). Post hoc interviews with 10 nurses were later introduced to obtain a balanced view of teamwork on the Unit. Results: Health care assistants were altruistic regarding demands of dementia care but otherwise negative of most aspects of their work environment. Staff shortages had increased job demands: workload, poor shift rotas, and excessive reliance on inexperienced agency staff. According to HCAs, job resources of the care team were in significant deficit: nurses in charge were perceived as poor team leaders, had poor interpersonal skills, lacked respect for experienced HCAs, and deemed to be frequently absent from the ward so failing to support carers. HCAs’ lack of decision-latitude exacerbated the situation. In contrast, nurses interviewed did not recognise the teamwork issues raised by HCAs, who were considered obstructive, unsupportive, lacked awareness of nurses’ responsibilities, and of insights how understaffing meant excessive administration and time required to support patients’ relatives. Such dissonant inter-group views caused considerable friction and exacerbated the work pressure. Conclusion: Study outcomes spotlighted impacts of socioeconomic issues for HCAs. Staff shortage, exacerbated by financial austerity measures (pre-COVID pandemic), increased job demands for HCAs but their psychosocial job resources were in serious deficit, so putting them at risk of burnout. Inter-group relations are key for a collaborative ethos, and are amenable to interventions. Such difficulties should not be allowed to fester.