Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relevance and Application of Information and Communication Technology on Physical Planning Practice

Information has undoubtedly played a very vital role in the development of humankind. More recently, however, the emergence of information and communication technology (ICT) has become an indispensable part our contemporary world today. This paper examines the relevance of Information and Communication Technology on Physical Planning Practice in Abuja (FCT) with a view to addressing the challenges of rapid increase in Information and Communication Technology as it relates to Physical Planning practice. Structured questionnaire were administered to Town Planners which represents the total sample size in both public planning agencies and private planning organizations in Abuja. Out of the 215 questionnaires given out, 184 persons responded which puts the response rate at 85 percent which is adjudged satisfactory by various authors. The Severity index (SI) method was used for the ranking of the factors that pertain to the effect of ICT deployed by Physical Planning on Practice. The findings reveal that “Saving time” is the highest in ranking followed by “making the job easier”. A vast number of respondents strongly agreed that ICT makes the professional’s job easier with 70.7 percent and 1.1 percent of respondents strongly disagreed. In the aspect of ICT usage, results show that most respondents even though they have a good knowledge of ICT they have no formal training and a larger percentage of respondents tend to have ICT training of less duration. Also, the popularity of various software packages especially Computer Aided Design (CAD) software, has been on the rise in recent years with the advent of ICT generally.
A Multimodal Approach for the Risk Prediction of Intensive Care and Mortality in Patients with COVID-19

Background: Although several studies have been launched towards the prediction of risk factors for mortality and admission in the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19, none of them focuses on the development of explainable AI models to define an ICU scoring index using dynamically associated biological markers. Methods: We propose a multimodal approach which combines explainable AI models with dynamic modeling methods to shed light into the clinical features of COVID-19. Dynamic Bayesian networks were used to seek associations among cytokines across four time intervals after hospitalization. Explainable gradient boosting trees were trained to predict the risk for ICU admission and mortality towards the development of an ICU scoring index. Results: Our results highlight LDH, IL-6, IL-8, Cr, number of monocytes, lymphocyte count, TNF as risk predictors for ICU admission and survival along with LDH, age, CRP, Cr, WBC, lymphocyte count for mortality in the ICU, with prediction accuracy 0.79 and 0.81, respectively. These risk factors were combined with dynamically associated biological markers to develop an ICU scoring index with accuracy 0.9. Conclusions: to our knowledge, this is the first multimodal and explainable AI model which quantifies the risk of intensive care with accuracy up to 0.9 across multiple timepoints.
Economic impact of mastitis in dairy cows

This thesis aims to assess the economic loss associated with clinical (CM) and subclinical (SCM) mastitis under current Swedish farming conditions. Stochastic simulation was used to investigate the impact of mastitis on technical and economic results of a 150-cow dairy herd. The yearly avoidable cost of mastitis, assuming that the initial incidence (32 and 33 cases of CM and SCM per 100 cow-years, respectively) could be reduced by 50%, was estimated at €8 095. This figure corresponded to 5% of the economic net return for the herd given the initial incidence of mastitis. Expressed as an average per cow/year, the avoidable cost of mastitis was estimated at €54. The economic loss associated with mastitis could not be reduced by discarding milk with high somatic cell count, because this resulted in a substantial decrease of the volume of sold milk which was not offset by the increase in milk price. Cases of CM and SCM were on average associated with an average economic loss of €275 and €60, respectively. Reduced milk production constituted the major cost component of the economic loss caused by mastitis. The magnitude of yield loss associated with mastitis occurring in different stages of lactation was assessed using mixed linear models. The dataset was collected in a research herd between 1987 and 2004, and consisted of weekly test-day records sampled in 1200 lactations. The most extensive yield loss was estimated when CM developed in early lactation and when SCM (modelled by means of increased somatic cell count) occurred in late lactation. The 305-day yield loss associated with CM varied between 0 and 705 kg milk in primiparous cows and between 0 and 902 kg milk in multiparous cows, depending on lactation week at onset. Most cases of CM developed in the first week of lactation and resulted in a yield loss of 578 and 782 kg milk in primiparous and multiparous cows, respectively. Daily yield loss at an SCC of 500 000 cells/ml ranged from 0.7 to 2.0 kg milk in primiparous cows and from 1.1 to 3.7 kg milk in multiparous cows. The yield loss in an average 305-day lactation affected by SCM was 150 and 450 kg milk in primiparous and multiparous cows, respectively.
Polyphase Induction Motor Performance and Losses on Nonsinusoidal Voltage Sources

Induction motors excited with static frequency converters almost invariably are subjected to nonsinusoidal voltage waveforms, and the presence of time harmonics in the applied voltage results in currents at the harmonic frequencies. These currents result in additional and sometimes rather large losses. A method for calculating these harmonic currents and losses is presented, and experimental data are included to substantiate it. The losses are separated into various components and it is shown that the largest loss is usually in the rotor bars as a result of deep bar effect. Harmonic losses are shown to be nearly independent of motor load and the fundamental magnetizing current is found to increase over that which would be present for the same rms fundamental voltage. These observations are explained on a theoretical basis. The encouraging correlation between test and calculated data confirms that the important elements which differ between motor performance on sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal waveforms have been identified and accounted for.
Morphohistology and Biometric Characteristics of Cecal Tonsils of Sonali Chicken at Post-Hatching Ages

Knowledge of basic structures is prerequisite for acquiring an in-depth idea about the physiology and immunology of the lymphoid system. The study evaluates the age related histomorphometry of cecal tonsil of Sonali chicken at different postnatal stages in Bangladesh as literatures regarding this are very scarce. The investigation was carried out on 25 healthy Sonali chickens representing different stage of postnatal life: days 1, 14, 28, 42, and 56 (n=5). After ethically sacrifice (cervical subluxation method), cecal tonsil was collected and subjected for both gross and histological studies. Haematoxylin and Eosin stain was done for microscopic study. Morphologically, cecal tonsils were located bilaterally at the junction of small and large intestine. It had tubular structure and yellowish white in color. All gross parameters (weight, length, and width) found to be increased significantly (P<0.05) throughout the whole study period. Weight was measured 0.022±0.001 g at day 1 and noticed 0.181±0.016 g at the end of study tenure. The microscopic observations revealed that at day 28 encapsulated lymphatic nodules was present along with the diffuse lymphocytes at the lamina propria and submucosa layer, which was absent at the previous study groups. At day 1, only small infiltration of lymphocytes was identified and at day 14, lymphocytes were aggregating to form lymphatic nodules. After that, age related development was noticed in histological features. The findings would be a milestone to give an idea about the gut health and immune status of Sonali chicken and provide a basis for further immunization research.
Papillary Craniopharyngioma: A Type of Tumor Primarily Impairing the Hypothalamus – A Comprehensive Anatomo-Clinical Characterization of 350 Well-Described Cases

Objective: Papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCPs) represent a rare histological type of craniopharyngiomas (CPs) usually involving the hypothalamus. This study systematically analyzes the clinical-anatomical correlation between tumor topography and symptoms related to hypothalamic dysfunction in the largest series of PCPs ever gathered. Methods: From 5,346 CP reports published from 1856 to 2021, we selected 350 well-described cases of the squamous-papillary type. Clinical presentation, tumor topography, severity of hypothalamic adhesion, patient outcome, and tumor recurrence were thoroughly analyzed. Results: PCPs predominantly occur in adult (96.3%), male (61.7%) patients presenting with headache (63.4%), visual alterations (56.2%), and psychiatric disturbances (50.4%). Most PCPs are solid (50%), round (72%) lesions that occupy the third ventricle (3V, 94.8%) and show low-risk severity adhesions to the hypothalamus (66.8%). Two major topographical categories can be found: strictly 3V (57.5%), growing above an intact 3V floor, and not-strictly or infundibulo-tuberal (32.9%), expanding at the infundibulum and/or tuber cinereum. The hypothalamic syndrome predominated among strictly 3V PCPs (p < 0.001). Psychiatric symptoms (p < 0.001) and high-risk hypothalamic attachments (p = 0.031) related to unfavorable postoperative outcomes among patients treated from 2006 onwards. The not-strictly 3V topography was identified as the major predictor of high-risk hypothalamic attachments (71.2% correctly predicted), which, along with incomplete tumor removal (p = 0.018), underlies the higher tumor recurrence of this topography (p = 0.001). Conclusions: This systematic review evidences that PCP topography is a major determinant of hypothalamic-related symptoms, type of hypothalamic attachments, and tumor recurrence rate. Accurate preoperative definition of PCP-hypothalamus relationships is essential for the judicious, safe management of these complex lesions.
The evaluation of whole-body vibration in a South African opencast mine

Heavy equipment and vehicles used in mining activities may expose operators to significant levels of shock and vibration over extended periods. These vibration exposures could be detrimental and lead to discomfort, interference with activities, and impaired health1. These multifaceted and varied effects on the human body are usually dealt with by considering human vibration as either a whole-body vibration (WBV) problem, which occurs when the body is supported on a surface that is vibrating, or a hand-arm vibration (HAV) problem, which occurs when the hand is in contact with a vibrating surface such as hand-held equipment2. This work deals with WBV. Numerous epidemiological studies have been conducted all over the world, documenting the detrimental effects of high levels of vibration exposure on human beings. Occupational health and safety issues have been investigated in several countries including British Columbia3, Croatia4, Finland5 and Spain6 amongst others. In South Africa Van Niekerk et al.2,7 reported on vibration levels on some typical equipment in South African mines8. Different international standards have been developed that regulate the way in which human vibration should be measured and reported, as well as provide indications of the health risk involved. In this regard ISO 2631 (1997)9 is well known. More recently European Parliament legislation10 stipulated minimum standards for the health and safety of workers exposed to WBV. Unlike Europe, South Africa does not have legislation that governs maximum acceptable vibration levels. However, it might be expected that the European Union (EU) initiative may gradually start to influence the situation in South Africa11. The EU legislation specifies daily vibration exposure levels (exposure action value (EAV) and exposure limit value (ELV)) in terms of weighted root mean square (WRMS) acceleration and vibration dose value (VDV) over an 8 hour period as shown in Table I. In addition, it requires employers to reduce worker vibration exposure levels wherever it is practically possible. Where an operator is likely to be exposed to vibration, an assessment of the likely daily vibration exposure is to be made. If the exposure level is above the EAV, a range of actions must be taken to reduce exposure and decrease risks. If the ELV is exceeded, immediate action must be taken to reduce vibration exposure below the ELV and procedures implemented to prevent it being exceeded again. The evaluation of whole-body vibration in a South African opencast mine
The Task Matters: A Scoping Review on Reading Comprehension Abilities in ADHD

Objective: A broad range of tasks have been used to classify individuals with ADHD with reading comprehension difficulties. However, the inconsistency in the literature warrants a scoping review of current knowledge about the relationship between ADHD diagnosis and reading comprehension ability. Method: A comprehensive search strategy was performed to identify relevant articles on the topic. Thirty-four articles met inclusion criteria for the current review. Results: The evidence as a whole suggests reading comprehension is impaired in ADHD. The most prominent effect was found in studies where participants retell or pick out central ideas in stories. On these tasks, participants with ADHD performed consistently worse than typically developing controls. However, some studies found that performance in ADHD improved when reading comprehension task demands were low. Conclusion: Results suggest that performance in ADHD depends on the way reading comprehension is measured and further guide future work clarifying why there are such discrepant findings across studies.
Secondary Metabolites Coordinately Protect Grapes from Excessive Light and Sunburn Damage during Development

Sunburn is a physiological disorder that reduces grape quality and vineyard yield. It is the result of excessive sunlight and high temperatures. As climate change continues to increase air temperatures, reports of sunburn damage in vineyards worldwide are becoming more frequent. Grapes produce secondary metabolites (carotenoids, polyphenols and aroma compounds) to counter photooxidative stress and acclimate to higher radiation environments. This study evaluated changes in these compounds in during ripening when grapes were exposed post-flowering (ED) and at véraison (LD), and compared them to a nondefoliated control (ND). ND contained more α-terpineol and violaxanthin, and the defoliated treatments contained more zeaxanthin, β-carotene, C6 compounds and flavonoids. ED berries adapted better to higher-light environments, displayed larger changes in secondary metabolite concentrations and lower levels of sunburn damage than LD berries did. The composition of berries with increasing sunburn damage was evaluated for the first time. Berries with no damage had the lowest concentrations of flavonoids and oxidized glutathione, and the highest concentrations of chlorophyll and α-terpineol. As damage increased, destruction of photosynthetic pigments, increase in polyphenols and loss of aroma compounds were evidenced. A significant effect of temperature and developmental stage on grape composition was also observed. This study provides a holistic overview of changes in secondary metabolites experienced by grape berries when exposed to excessive light, how these vary along development and how they affect sunburn incidence.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Pregnancy Symptoms Inventory (PSI)

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of pregnancy symptoms inventory. A methodological study. This study was conducted on 220 pregnant women. Construct validity was measured by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was measured by intra-class correlation coefficient and internal consistency. Since the items 12 (snoring) and 16 (thrush) failed to obtain the minimum principal axis factoring in exploratory factor analysis, they were removed from the Persian version. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for the extracted model. Cronbach’s alpha was . 94 for the frequency items and . 95 for the limitation items. Intra-class correlation coefficient was between . 58 and 1 for frequency items and between . 73 and 1 for limitation items. The Persian version of pregnancy symptoms inventory was a valid and reliable scale to be used for Iranian pregnant women.
Utility of pneumococcal vaccine among elderly population in buraidah primary health care centers

Background: People with chronic diseases tend to land up with high mortality and morbidity. Objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Pneumococcal vaccine utility among the 50 years and above age group population, to find the demographic profile, the knowledge of PCV among the general population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted randomly in 6 primary health care centers in Buraidah city, Saudi Arabia from the aged 50 years and above population. Sample size was calculated by using WHO statistical software for sample size determination, the result of sample size was 236 participants. A interview-based questionnaire was used after obtaining consent from each participant. Data entered and analyzed using the SPSS software 21.0 version. For categorical analysis, chi square test was applied.Results: In the present study, a total of 202 samples of the population has participated and response rate was 86%. About only 12.9% (26/202) of study population taken PCV vaccine in the study. About 79.7% were having different chronic diseases. About 83.7% were given a response as PCV prevents the disease. There was statistically significant association was observed between different levels of education and chronic heart disease with PCV vaccination status (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the study results, Pneumococcal vaccination coverage was low, in comparison with Riyadh study in 2018; our study vaccination coverage was more. Still need Health promotional measures among the general public to increase the coverage of PCV.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES IN TEXAS BORDER AREAS: SUMMARY OF RESEARCH AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This report summarizes the findings of a three-year research project on comprehension of traffic control devices among drivers in Texas border areas. The research evaluated 116 different traffic control devices, which included 33 standard devices and numerous alternative designs for those standard devices. Evaluations consisted of driver surveys in which drivers were presented an image of a device and asked what it meant. Responses were recorded and later classified into categories that reflect understanding of the device. No changes are recommended for the large majority of the devices. Alternative Spanish-language or bilingual signs are recommended as supplements for six standard signs. Additional emphasis is recommended for three device categories. Three standard devices are recommended for modifications in design or use. Four devices are identified for future research efforts.
Nutritional and bioactive profile of different parts of Carica papaya L. in relation to thrombocytopenia

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effect of different parts (fruit, leaves, and seed) of papaya on thrombocytopenia. For the Purpose, the papaya fruit, leaves, and seeds were procured from Botanical Garden of University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Afterwards, the papaya fruit, leaves, and seeds were converted to powder followed by extraction of polyphenol with various solvents (aqueous ethanol and methanol). The obtained extracts were characterized for total flavonoid contents, polyphenols as well as anti,nutritional compounds, such as tannins and saponins. Moreover, efficacy trials were carried out to explore the effect of papaya parts (fruit, leaves, and seed) on the platelets count of potassium bromate-induced (PBI) rats. The PBI rats were fed with extract enriched diet for a time period of 56 days. Results showed that maximum extraction was obtained with ethanol. In addition, a higher bioactive profile (polyphenols) was observed in papaya leaves extract followed by fruit and seed extracts. Papaya leaves extract (PLE) treatment showed a maximum increase in platelets count from 169.9 ± 2.1 × 109/L to 231.1 ± 6.1 × 109/L in PBI rats as well as WBCs and RBCs 521 ± 16.8 × 107/L to 594.5 ± 11.2 × 107/L and 469.2 ± 13.2 × 107/L to 562.2 ± 14.2 × 107/L. But for hemoglobin, the papaya fruit extract treatment showed a higher value of 6.4 ± 0.1 to 7.4 ± 0.2 (mg/dL). Conclusively, papaya leaves should be included in dietary regimens for health promotion to combat thrombocytopenia and related diseases.
Simple variational approach to optical rib waveguides

Rib waveguides have received much attention recently because of advances in III-V semiconductor technology. The simplicity of fabrication and the ease of control of lateral and vertical index profiles make rib waveguide structures attractive for integrated optical applications. Despite the progress in fabrication, the modeling and analysis of rib waveguides are difficult. The approximate analytical approach, such as in the effective-index method, is simple and efficient but may not be accurate enough for all practical cases. The rigorous numerical approach, such as in the finite-difference2 (FD) and the finite-element3 (FE) methods are accurate and versatile but often are complicated and computer intensive. Therefore a simple approach that gives accurate results would be useful as a practical tool for modeling and analysis for the purpose of device design and fabrication. Such an approach has been developed by the authors' and is applied to optical rib waveguides in this paper.
Organization current knowledge design (OCKD): a knowledge management framework for healthcare institutions

The objective of this paper is to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the linkages between three multidisciplinary research themes Healthcare management concepts, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Knowledge Management (KM). We introduce Organization Current Knowledge Design (OCKD), a KM framework for Healthcare Institutions (His). The OCKD framework is likely to be the first holistic KM framework for His which would assist His to discover and create new knowledge. We review relevant literature on the need for knowledge management in healthcare and develop theoretical propositions, validated by a pilot case study, to build a conceptual KM Health framework. The conceptual KM Health framework is then validated via sub case analysis and two additional cases, and a final version of the KM framework is presented.