Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aspectos biológicos y ecológicos de Steneotarsonemus spinki en arroz, en Cuba

Biological and ecological aspects of Steneotarsonemus spinki on rice in Cuba. Research was performed to investigate the causal agent of abnormal symptoms, such as spotted and unfilled grains, in rice panicles.The pest was identified and bioecological studies, including the duration of the life cycle, population movement of the pest in relation to its predators and the distribution of both, were performed. The mite Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley (Acari: Tarsonemidae) was determined to be the cause of the damage observed. The duration of the life cycle, under laboratory conditions, ranged between 5 and 9 days. Most of the mite population was found on the sheets of leaves 2 and 3 (lower leaves), whilst the predator population was evenly distributed over the same sheets.The crop phenology was the only factor that significantly influenced the S. spinki density.
Investigating the Determinants of Students' Trust in Budi Utomo Binjai Vocational, Indonesia

Educational institutions are organizations that are very important in increasing the competence of people in a country. The products offered by a school are services in the form of learning and guidance that can improve the abilities of its students. Furthermore, to determine the level of school credibility is also very much determined by the level of student satisfaction and trust in the school. This study seeks to examine the effect of service quality aspects on student trust and examine the mediating role of the satisfaction variable on the effect of service quality aspects on student trust. This study uses an explanatory approach with quantitative data types. Determination of samples in this study using the technique of purposive sampling which resulted in 204 students being research respondents. The analysis technique used in this study is SEM with Smart PLS. The results of this study found that Empathy, Responsiveness, Reliability, Assurance and Physical Appearance did not have a significant effect on students' trust. Based on the results of the mediation test it was found that student satisfaction was able to mediate the influence of Empathy, Reliability, Assurance and Physical Appearance on student trust.
Mathematical Statistics: Basic Ideas and Selected Topics

(NOTE: Each chapter concludes with Problems and Complements, Notes, and References.) 1. Statistical Models, Goals, and Performance Criteria. Data, Models, Parameters, and Statistics. Bayesian Models. The Decision Theoretic Framework. Prediction. Sufficiency. Exponential Families. 2. Methods of Estimation. Basic Heuristics of Estimation. Minimum Contrast Estimates and Estimating Equations. Maximum Likelihood in Multiparameter Exponential Families. Algorithmic Issues. 3. Measures of Performance. Introduction. Bayes Procedures. Minimax Procedures. Unbiased Estimation and Risk Inequalities. Nondecision Theoretic Criteria. 4. Testing and Confidence Regions. Introduction. Choosing a Test Statistic: The Neyman-Pearson Lemma. Uniformly Most Powerful Tests and Monotone Likelihood Ratio Models. Confidence Bounds, Intervals and Regions. The Duality between Confidence Regions and Tests. Uniformly Most Accurate Confidence Bounds. Frequentist and Bayesian Formulations. Prediction Intervals. Likelihood Ratio Procedures. 5. Asymptotic Approximations. Introduction: The Meaning and Uses of Asymptotics. Consistency. First- and Higher-Order Asymptotics: The Delta Method with Applications. Asymptotic Theory in One Dimension. Asymptotic Behavior and Optimality of the Posterior Distribution. 6. Inference in the Multiparameter Case. Inference for Gaussian Linear Models. Asymptotic Estimation Theory in p Dimensions. Large Sample Tests and Confidence Regions. Large Sample Methods for Discrete Data. Generalized Linear Models. Robustness Properties and Semiparametric Models. Appendix A: A Review of Basic Probability Theory. The Basic Model. Elementary Properties of Probability Models. Discrete Probability Models. Conditional Probability and Independence. Compound Experiments. Bernoulli and Multinomial Trials, Sampling with and without Replacement. Probabilities on Euclidean Space. Random Variables and Vectors: Transformations. Independence of Random Variables and Vectors. The Expectation of a Random Variable. Moments. Moment and Cumulant Generating Functions. Some Classical Discrete and Continuous Distributions. Modes of Convergence of Random Variables and Limit Theorems. Further Limit Theorems and Inequalities. Poisson Process. Appendix B: Additional Topics in Probability and Analysis. Conditioning by a Random Variable or Vector. Distribution Theory for Transformations of Random Vectors. Distribution Theory for Samples from a Normal Population. The Bivariate Normal Distribution. Moments of Random Vectors and Matrices. The Multivariate Normal Distribution. Convergence for Random Vectors: Op and Op Notation. Multivariate Calculus. Convexity and Inequalities. Topics in Matrix Theory and Elementary Hilbert Space Theory. Appendix C: Tables. The Standard Normal Distribution. Auxiliary Table of the Standard Normal Distribution. t Distribution Critical Values. X 2 Distribution Critical Values. F Distribution Critical Values. Index.
The Burden on Caregivers of the Elderly to Care for Patients with Nervous System Diseases

Introduction. Previous studies have shown that the level of care burden depends primarily on the mental state and functional ability of patients, i.e. on factors on the patient’s part. Other reports point to factors also related to the caregiver. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of selected factors on the burden on informal caregivers in caring for geriatric patients with nervous system diseases. Material and Methods. The research was conducted at the Geriatrics Clinic of the University Hospital no. 1 of Dr A. Jurasz in Bydgoszcz on a group of 117 informal caregivers and 117 patients with nervous system diseases under their care at home. The prospective studies used survey techniques as well as observation and measurement. The Negative Impact of Care Scale (NIC) included in the COPE-index was used to assess the caregiver’s burden with care. The Barthel scale and Lawton’s IADL scale were used to assess patients’ deficits in basic activities of daily living. To assess the intensity of depression symptoms in older people, the Geriatric Depression Scale — GDS was used. Results. The socio-demographic factors determining caregiver burden (NIC) include: caregiver’s age (p=0.00), place of care (p=0.03), caregiver’s self-assessment of health (p=0.00) and experience in providing care (p=0.03). However, there was no significant (p>0.05) impact of variables such as gender, place of residence, marital status, caregiver’s education and degree of relationship with the patient on the burden of care. The analysis also showed that caregivers feel a negative overload in connection with caring for a patient with a functional impairment (BI and IADL p=0.01) and with vascular disease and dementia (p=0.01). Conclusions. More than half of the surveyed caregivers show a high degree of burden in caring for geriatric patients with nervous system diseases. Caregiver burden is determined by the following factors: the age of the caregiver, the place of care, the caregiver’s self-assessment of health and the experience of providing care. Caregivers feel a negative overload due to caring for patients with functional deficits, vascular disease and dementia. (JNNN 2023;12(2):84–91)
Hydrology: An Introduction

Foreword 1. Introduction 2. Water aloft: fluid mechanics of the lower atmosphere 3. Precipitation 4. Evaporation 5. Water on the land surface: fluid mechanics of free surface flow 6. Overland flow 7. Streamflow routing 8. Water beneath the ground: fluid mechanics of flow in porous materials 9. Infiltration and related unsaturated flows 10. Groundwater outflow and base flow 11. Streamflow generation: mechanisms and parameterization 12. Streamflow response at the catchment scale 13. Elements of frequency analysis in hydrology 14. Afterword - a short historical sketch of theories about the water circulation on earth Appendix.
Blockade of Inflammatory Markers Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling and Fibrosis in Rats with Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis

Since cardiac inflammation has been considered an important mechanism involved in heart failure, an anti-inflammatory treatment could control cardiac inflammation and mitigate the worsening of cardiac remodeling. This study evaluated the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) and ramipril treatment on inflammation and cardiac fibrosis in an experimental model of heart failure induced by supravalvular aortic stenosis. Wistar rats (21d) were submitted to an aortic stenosis (AS) protocol. After 21 weeks, an echocardiogram and a maximal exercise test were performed, and after 24 weeks, rats were treated with DEX, ramipril or saline for 14d. The left ventricle (LV) was removed for histological and inflammatory marker analyses. The AS group showed exercise intolerance (−32% vs. Sham), higher relative wall thickness (+63%), collagen deposition and capillary rarefaction, followed by cardiac disfunction. Both treatments were effective in reducing cardiac inflammation, but only DEX attenuated the increased relative wall thickness (−17%) and only ramipril reduced LV fibrosis. In conclusion, both DEX and ramipril decreased cardiac inflammatory markers, which probably contributed to the reduced cardiac fibrosis and relative wall thickness; however, treated AS rats did not show any improvement in cardiac function. Despite the complex pharmacological treatment of heart failure, treatment with an anti-inflammatory could delay the patient’s poor prognosis.
Aerobic Bacterial Profile of Sepsis and Its Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Among Patients in a Rural Tertiary Care Center

Background Bloodstream infections (BSI) are one of the most life-threatening infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis with appropriate and timely treatment improves the patient outcome. The recent surge in multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains is a matter of concern. This study aims to determine the bacterial etiology and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in BSI among different age groups. Materials and methods The microbiological data of blood culture and sensitivity between April 2019 and April 2021 were extracted from the laboratory records and analyzed for the bacterial profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Results Out of the total 3893 blood cultures received during the study period from April 2019 to April 2021, 194 pathogens were isolated, accounting for a prevalence of 4.98%. Among 194 patients with culture-proven BSI, 54.12% (105/194) were adults, and 45.87% (89/194) were children. Of these 194 bacterial isolates, 58.76% (114/194) were gram-negative bacteria, and 41.24% (80/194) were gram-positive bacteria. With regard to the bacteria isolated, Enterococcus species with 23.71% (46/194) and Acinetobacter species with 22.16% (43/194) were the most common bacteria. The prevalence of MDR was 59.27% (115/194). Notable MDR types were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 15/22 (68.2%) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers in 15/48 (31.25%) cases. Conclusion There is a significant geographical diversity of bacteria causing sepsis and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Recent trends show that multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli are the predominant isolates causing BSI. Increased antibiotic resistance is leading to treatment failure and poor clinical outcomes. Hence, there is a need to monitor antibiotic resistance among patients with BSI.
Structural evolution of the Witch Ground Graben

The Witch Ground Graben is a NW-SE trending extensional basin in the central part of the northern North Sea, lying between the Moray Firth and the Viking Graben. NE-SW extension occurred from Triassic to Cretaceous times. Extension took place on listric normal faults along the SW margin, with downthrow to the NE, giving rise to the asymmetry of the basin. One of the principal phases of fault-controlled subsidence occurred in the Lower Cretaceous, from the Valanginian to Albian. Compilation of biostratigraphic data from this interval shows the development of an increasing number of stratigraphic breaks across the basin from SW to NE, these breaks increasing in time span also in this direction. This is a result of rotation of the subsiding fault block on the listric extensional faults. The rotation is recorded in dipmeter data, and occurred in several distinct episodes—the Triassic, the Volgian and the Valanginian to Aptian. In reconstructing a cross-section of the basin, the interpreted fault curvature is constrained by the observed rotation of bedding surfaces, and the amount of extension across the listric faults is constrained by the observed basin subsidence. A depth to décollement for the faults of 4 km below sea level and an extension across the basin of 40% are estimated.
How low can you go? Spatial frequency sensitivity in pure alexia

Pure alexia is a selective deﬁcit in reading, following lesions to the posterior left hemisphere. Writing and other language functions remain intact in these patients. Whether pure alexia is caused by a primary problem in visual perception is highly debated. A recent hypothesis suggests that a low level deﬁcit – reduced sensitivity to particular spatial frequencies – is the underlying cause. We tested this hypothesis in a pure alexic patient (LK), using a sensitive psychophysical paradigm to examine her performance with simple patterns of different spatial frequency. We ﬁnd that both in a detection and a classiﬁcation task, LK’s contrast sensitivity is comparable to normal controls for all spatial frequencies. Thus, reduced spatial frequency sensitivity does not constitute a general explanation for pure alexia, suggesting that the core deﬁcit in this disorder is at a higher level in the visual processing stream. (cid:2) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Strontium concentration,isotope composition and dolomitization fluids in the Feixianguan Formation of Triassic,Eastern Sichuan of China.

Three major dolomite types including micrite dolomite,grainy dolomite(with original texture)and crystalline dolomite, occur in the Feixianguan Formation of Triassic,Eastern Sichuan of China,in which the crystalline dolomite is the most important gas reservoir.Based on the strontium concentration,isotope composition of the dolomites,the dolomitization fluids were accordingly inferred here.The three types of dolomite have similar strontium content with higher ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios to some extent than that of the coeval seawater.The difterenee of distribution coefficient of Sr in calcite(or aragonite)and dolomite is the most important control factor on the strontium content in dolomites.Calculation by strontium mixing equation of seawater with meteoric water shows that the dolomitization fluid for crystalline dolomite is mixed by 94% meteoric water and 6% seawater;the fluid for grainy dolomite(with original texture)is mixed by 81% meteoric water and 19% seawater,and that for micrite dolomite is mixed by 92% meteoric water and 8% seawater.However,very low Mn contents(average 19.8ppm),relatively high Sr contents(average 137ppm)and the homogenization temperatures measured in fluid inclusions of crystalline dolomite do not support the hypothesis that meteoric water as high as 94% involved the dolomitization.The dolomitization fluid for this kind of dolomite was probably the trapped coeval seawater (with the age of 242 to 245Ma),which may have been released into the dolomite horizon through unidentified pathways.The Mn and Sr contents,as well as ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios of the mierite dolomite and grainy dolomite(with original texture)suggest the existence of meteoric water during the dolomitization.The mechanism of dolomitization for mierite dolomite could be explained by evaporative pumping,and that for grainy dolomite(with original texture)explained by mixing-zone model.
The Early Carboniferous (Asbian-Brigantian) seasonal tropical climate of northern Britain

Northern Britain lay close to the equator during the Early Carboniferous and evidence, primarily from paleosols and predictions from climate models, indicates that it experienced a seasonal climate, perhaps linked to monsoonal circulation. This study further investigates the Early Carboniferous climate of northern Britain using anatomically preserved plant fossils (gymnosperm woods and leaves) from seven Asbian-Brigantian (333-339 Ma) localities. Many of the fossil woods exhibit growth rings that possess subtle, discontinuous ring boundaries and ring increments of variable width. These growth rings are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed and compared with growth rings in modern Araucariacean conifers, which are believed to have a very similar phenology to the Carboniferous gymnosperms in question. The Carboniferous growth rings bear a remarkable similarity to those of Araucariaceans growing in the seasonal tropics today. It is concluded that these Carboniferous growth rings record a tropical seasonality, characterized by dry seasons of irregular duration and non-annual frequency, comparable to the climate of present-day northern Australia. Fossil leaves also exhibit an array of xeromorphic features such as hairy or rolled surfaces and greatly thickened cell walls, which although not diagnostic, are certainly consistent with the notion of seasonal water stress. It is suggested that the Asbian-Brigantian flora of northern Britain (which is gymnosperm-dominated in contrast to the more characteristic lycopod-dominated flora elsewhere) represents a tropical savanna-like biome.
Light-emitting diode lighting for forest nursery seedling production

Crop lighting is an energy-intensive necessity for nursery production of high-quality native plants and forest tree seedlings. During the winter months (especially in northern USA latitudes) or overcast or cloudy days, the amount of solar radiation reaching greenhouse crops is insufficient resulting in growth cessation, early terminal bud formation, and failure of seedlings to reach target height for outplanting (Tinus, 1995; Lopez and Runkle, 2008). In light of this, nursery growers have added supplemental lighting to increase the daily light integral (DLI), defined as the photosynthetic light received over the course of the day for seedling production (Torres and Lopez, 2010). A wide range of supplemental light sources are used in nurseries to control plant development and manipulate plant quality (Tinus, 1995; Bourget, 2008). However, the problem with most lighting systems, such as high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, is that they do not provide the light spectrum that is most efficient for photosynthesis in plants. In addition, because of the huge amount of electrical energy required, using HPS as supplemental lighting, for most reforestation and native plant nurseries, is economically impractical.
The impact of tax policy on corporate debt in a developing economy: a study of unquoted Indian companies

Taxation has potentially important implications for corporate behaviour. However, there have been few studies of the impact of taxation on companies in developing countries, and fewer still concerned with unquoted companies. In this paper, we study the impact of tax policy on the financial decisions of a sample of unquoted companies in India during the period 1989–99 when tax rates were generally reduced as part of a wider programme of financial liberalization. We examine the impact of the tax regime on company financing decisions, within the context of a model of company leverage, controlling for non-tax influences suggested by the theory of corporate finance. The analysis is carried out using a balanced panel consisting of the published accounts of 97 Indian unquoted companies, which reported continuously during 1989–99. The model is estimated using Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). Estimates of the impact of the 1990s tax reforms are derived, and implications for policy are drawn.
Contradictory Trends in Global Income Inequality: A Tale of Two Biases

Did global income inequality rise or fall over the last decades of the twentieth century? The answer depends on how cross-country income comparisons are made. Exchange rate comparisons suggest that inequality rose whilst the purchasing power comparisons of the Penn World Table suggest it fell. We show that both measures of real incomes lead to biased international income comparisons. Exchange rate comparisons ignore the relative price of non-tradables, whilst the fixed price method underlying the Penn World Table is subject to substitution bias. The contradictory trends are due to growing dissimilarity between national price structures increasing the degree of bias in each method. When we correct the income data to eliminate bias we find no compelling evidence of a significant change in world inequality.
ASSESMENT OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN COASTAL WATERS OF BENGHAZI, LIBYA

Abstract Study was conducted regularly from December 2008 till March 2009 in three habitats in Benghazi coast. The water parameters were taken into consideration and sampling was conducted on surface waters and 30 cm below in the coastal waters by using digital portable meters. Estimation of solid waste material present in the coast was taken to correlate the pollutants present in coastal waters and its influence on dissolved oxygen. A total of 106 samples are sampled and analyzed in three different habitats during December 2008 until March 2009. Caria 56 (52.83%) followed by Zilayana 31 (29.24%) and thirdly Sabre 19 (17.92%). The difference of sampling is because of varied reasons and the available facilities at the site of sampling. Table's 1-17 shows range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variance for parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity and pH. Finally, the pollutants in the beach are dominated by plastic in all the three habitats with 36.01% in Zilayana, 33. 47% in Caria and 54.20% in Sabre. Finally it is concluded from the studies that, dissolved oxygen levels will depend on physiochemical parameters, especially temperature, salinity and pH. In addition to that, presence of large amount of plastic and other disposals may pose a severe threat to coastal ecosystem in turn increasing the surface temperatures and over bloom in turn will have an impact on dissolved oxygen and pH.
Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems ( PACIS ) 1-1-2007 Diffusion and Evaluation of E-Government Systems : A Field Study in China

As IT/IS application in governmental organizations gains more and more attention from both academics and practitioners in China, the diffusion of e-government systems has become one of the central research issues in this fast growing economy. In this paper, we follow a conceptual model consisting of two dimensions to evaluate the IT/IS application status of Chinese governments. With a field study conducted in a local government in Beijing, the capital of China, we utilize the model to determine the e-government development level in this administrative district. Furthermore, a behavioral research model for analyzing the factors influencing e-government systems evaluation in the Chinese cultural context is proposed based on classical IT/IS adoption theories. In the light of survey data, the relationships between ease of use, usefulness, fitness, and user evaluation towards egovernment systems are validated, providing us with more in-depth understanding about the characteristics and process of e-government diffusion in such Chinese organizations.