Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A revised subfamily classification of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)

Existing classifications of Tenebrionidae are reviewed briefly. The inclusion of the families Alleculidae, Lagriidae, and Nilionidae in Tenebrionidae is confirmed. The splitting off from this complex of a family, Tentyriidae, by Doyen is discussed and rejected. Various taxa which had been included in Tenebrionidae are excluded, amongst which Syrphetodes, Brouniphylax, Exohadrus, Arthopus, Cotulades, Docalis, and Latometus (=Elascus) have not previously been formally excluded. A new family, Archeocrypticidae, is established and defined briefly for Archeocrypticus, Sivacrypticus, and Enneboeus. Data from matrices based on adult and larval characters comparing Tenebrionidae with most other families of Tenebrionoidea (=Heteromera) are presented for derived characters in common, and for overall similarity. The families most closely related to Tenebrionidae according to these data are Zopheridae, Chalcodryidae, Merycidae, Archeocrypticidae, Synchroidae, Colydiidae, and Monommatidae; none is very close to Tenebr.
Daytime Variability of Cloud Fraction From DSCOVR/EPIC Observations

The location of the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) aboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) offers a global view of the Earth and captures its atmosphere at different locations and time of the day. In this paper, we take advantage of that unique feature to study the daytime variability of cloud fraction in a seasonal and zonal context. We observe that the ensemble behavior over ocean has a distinctive convex shape, with higher cloud fractions at early morning and late afternoon, while no such pattern is seen over land. Unique perspectives are obtained by analyzing the cloud fraction of the globe as a whole and separately for each hemisphere, and by studying the effect of the viewing zenith angle on cloud fraction retrievals.
Dubautia carrii and D. hanaulaensis, New Species of the Hawaiian Silversword Alliance (Compositae, Madiinae) from Moloka‘i and Maui

Abstract Dubautia carrii B. G. Baldwin & Friar and D. hanaulaensis B. G. Baldwin are new species in Dubautia Gaudich. sect. Railliardia (Gaudich.) G. D. Carr (Compositae, Madiinae) of the Hawaiian silversword alliance that were previously treated within the circumscription of D. linearis (Gaudich.) D. D. Keck subsp. opposita (Sherff) G. D. Carr. The two species are allopatric, with D. carrii in mesic to wet shrubland and forest on eastern Moloka‘i and D. hanaulaensis in mesic shrubland and forest on southern West Maui. Although closely resembling D. linearis subsp. linearis and D. linearis subsp. hillebrandii (H. Mann) G. D. Carr in habit and capitulescence characteristics, D. carrii and D. hanaulaensis differ from both subspecies of D. linearis in the sense adopted here by having consistently opposite (rather than variable) phyllotaxy and toothed (rather than entire) leaf apices, and by occurring in mesic or wet (rather than mostly dry) habitats. Dubautia carrii and D. hanaulaensis are highly similar morphologically; they commonly differ from one another in stature, stem vestiture, leaf shape, capitulescence size, and receptacular-bract glandulosity. Molecular phylogenetic data indicate that D. carrii is most closely related to the East Maui endemic species of Dubautia sect. Railliardia (i.e., D. menziesii (A. Gray) D. D. Keck, D. platyphylla (A. Gray) D. D. Keck, D. reticulata (Sherff) D. D. Keck, and D. waianapanapaensis G. D. Carr), and D. hanaulaensis represents an early-diverging lineage within the Maui Nui–Hawai‘i (Big Island) clade of Dubautia sect. Railliardia. High similarity of D. carrii and D. hanaulaensis in morphology and ecology may reflect retained ancestral or plesiomorphic states shared with the common ancestor of the Maui Nui–Hawai‘i clade of Dubautia sect. Railliardia, a lineage otherwise known for exceptional adaptive radiation.
Investigating the Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Adenomyosis [24B]

RESULTS: Preliminary data analysis of 200 patient charts, with 100 patients in each of the control (CON) and adenomyosis (AM) groups, was performed. This analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in weight between the two groups, with the AM group having a BMI 3.62kg/m2 higher than those in the CON group. Prior pregnancy also presented as a statistically significant difference, with the AM group (85.9%) being more likely to have been previously pregnant compared to the CON group (60%). Our data did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups among the other markers of metabolic syndrome.
Distributional National Accounts (DINA) with Household Survey Data: Methodology and Results for European Countries

The paper builds Distributional National Accounts (DINA) using household survey data. We present a transparent and reproducible methodology to construct DINA whenever administrative tax data are not available for research and apply it to various European countries. By doing so, we build synthetic microdata files which cover the entire distribution, include all income components individually aligned to national accounts, and preserve the detailed socioeconomic information available in the surveys. The methodology uses harmonized and publicly available data sources (SILC, HFCS) and provides highly comparable results. We discuss the methodological steps and their impact on the income distribution. In particular, we highlight the effects of imputations and the adjustment of the variables to national accounts totals. Furthermore, we compare different income concepts of both the DINA and EG-DNA approach of the OECD in a consistent way. Our results confirm that constructing DINA is crucial to get a better picture of the income distribution. Our methodology is well suited to build synthetic microdata files which can be used for policy evaluation like social impact analysis and microsimulation.
Is soil salinity one of the major determinants of community structure under arid environments

Five distinct habitats along salinity gradient were explored for plant ecological attributes including soil plant interaction, vegetation composition and species distribution in the Cholistan desert. Higher saline sites supported Sporobolus ioclados with Aeluropus lagopoides, Cymbopogonjwarancusa, Ochthochloa compressa, Haloxylon recurvum and Suaeda fruticosa , whereas moderately saline habitats supported predominantly Fagonia indica, C. jwarancusa and O. compressa . The community structure and composition of each habitat type were very specific, the most dominant component being S. ioclados . Each species has very specific relation to different environmental variables, and this reflects the habitat status, ecological adaptations and stress tolerance degree of the individual species. On the whole, it can be concluded that salinity alone was not responsible for the distribution of species at salt affected habitats.
Chemical Seed Priming as a Simple Technique to Impart Cold and Salt Stress Tolerance in Capsicum

Seed priming is a pre-germination strategy that improves seed performance and overcomes the negative effects associated with stress exposure. Seeds of capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. California Wonder were primed with warm water (WW, 40°C); CuSO4 (CU, 5mM), potassium nitrate (PN, 300 mM), and polyethylene glycol, PEG-6000 (PG, 16.7 mM), along with hydropriming (NW) and unsoaked (US) control to study the effect of seed priming. The seed priming significantly increased the rate as well as percentage of seed germination. Further, survival response of the seedlings obtained from primed seeds was better than the control on subsequent exposure to salt (NaCl 200 mM) or cold (4°C) stress for 10 days. All the plants obtained from potassium nitrate-primed seeds survived the salt-stress exposure, whereas those obtained from PEG-primed seeds tolerated both the cold and salt stresses. The control seedlings did not survive exposure to either stress. In addition, the growth performance of the plants obtained from primed seeds was better than control, suggesting chemical seed priming was a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach for developing cold or salt-stress tolerance in capsicum.
Mutual Information Analysis of Mixed-ADC MIMO Systems Over Rayleigh Channels Based on Random Matrix Theory

The mixed analog-to-digital converters (ADC) architecture is a promising solution to the problem of high energy consumption of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In such a scheme, part of the received signals at the base station are quantized by high-resolution ADCs, while the others are quantized by one-bit ADCs. The signals quantized by the mixed-ADC architecture are correlated and non-identically distributed, which is different from the one-bit quantized MIMO systems. Moreover, unlike the previous works focusing on the achievable rate of mixed-ADC MIMO systems under linear detectors, we derive a closed-form expression of the ergodic mutual information between the transmit signals and the quantized outputs of the mixed-ADC architecture over Rayleigh channels, where the statistical property of the equivalent channel is characterized by random matrix theory. Then, we derive the power scaling law, which shows that reducing the transmit power will not sacrifice the transmission efficiency when the number of receive antennas increases. Furthermore, for any given number of antennas and user transmit power, the optimal number of one-bit ADCs for maximizing the energy efficiency is obtained. Moreover, constrained by a given hardware energy consumption, the theoretical mutual information shows obvious gains over the one of unquantized MIMO systems for low user transmit power.
Oviposition and larval survival of Dasineura tetensi on four blackcurrant Ribes cultivars

Monitoring of an unsprayed infested fieldsite using watertraps in S.E. Kent revealed four generations of Dasineura tetensi (Rubs) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) occurring between April and September 1996. Ribes nigrum L. cultivars ‘Baldwin’ (susceptible), ‘Ben Alder’ (susceptible) and ‘Ben Connan’ (resistant) were sampled for eggs in the field and assessed for midge damage throughout the season. Oviposition was indiscriminate, but plant damage varied significantly between cultivars. In laboratory choice experiments, mated female midges showed no preference between susceptible shoots of ‘Ben Alder’ and resistant shoots of ‘Ben Connan’ for oviposition. Olfactory responses of D. tetensi to leaf volatiles of ‘Ben Alder’ and ‘Ben Connan’ were also tested in a 4‐way olfactometer. Mated females did not discriminate between volatiles of susceptible and resistant host plants. Larvae reared on cv. ‘Ben Connan’ shoots were significantly smaller than those reared on shoots of cv. ‘Ben Alder’. Larval antibiosis and not female antixenosis appears to be the main mechanism for resistance to D. tetensi in ‘Ben Connan’.
Novel Variants in Hearing Loss Genes and Associations With Audiometric Thresholds in a Multi-ethnic Cohort of US Patients With Cochlear Implants.

OBJECTIVES To investigate novel variants in hearing loss genes and clinical factors affecting audiometric outcomes of cochlear implant (CI) patients. BACKGROUND Approximately 50% of hearing loss has a genetic etiology, with certain genetic variants more prevalent in specific ethnic groups. Different variants and some clinical variables including inner ear malformations result in different prognoses or clinical outcomes after CI. METHODS Medical and genetic testing records of pediatric CI patients were reviewed for clinical variables. Minor allele frequencies of variants were obtained from Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) and variants were classified for pathogenicity. Standard statistical testing was done using Fisher's exact, Wilcoxon, and Spearman correlation tests. RESULTS Eighteen CI patients with genetic test results had pathogenic variants, including six patients with syndromic hearing loss and six patients with known GJB2 variants. Novel pathogenic variants were noted in CHD7, ADGRV1, and ARID1B, with variants in the latter two genes identified in Hispanic patients. Overall, carriage of genetic variants was associated with better pre-CI audiometric thresholds at 2000 Hz (p = 0.048). On the other hand, post-CI thresholds were significantly worse in patients with inner ear malformations, particularly in patients with atretic cochlear nerve canals. CONCLUSION Four novel pathogenic variants were identified, which contributes to knowledge of allelic spectrum for hearing loss especially in Hispanic patients. In this cohort, carriage of pathogenic variants particularly of GJB2 variants was associated with better pre-CI audiometric thresholds, while patients with inner ear malformations had worse post-CI audiometric thresholds.
Ab-initio calculation of electronic properties of all-inorganic Pb-based mixed-halide perovskites

Mixed lead-halide perovskite films have recently become a subject of intensive study in the nanophotonic community due to their unique optical properties. In this work we present theoretical investigations of the electronic band structure of full inorganic mixed-halide perovskites in a continuous range of chemical compositions. We demonstrate that in the orthorhombic geometry independently on the particular halogen concentrations the optical band gap remains direct, varying in the absolute value, with the fundamental absorption edge corresponding to the high symmetry point Γ of the band structure. This tunability of the optical band gap in inorganic mixed-halide perovskites is highly promising and has various possible nanophotonic and photovoltaic applications.
Broiler Performance, Yield, and Bone Characteristics as Affected by Starter Diet Fat Level

ceptable levels. In some cases, diets containing 30% fat allowed for more rapid growth than did rations with lower fat levels. Furthermore, the addition of 15% stabilized animal grease, a highly saturated fat, to a ration already containing 3.8% fat resulted in a slightly greater E. DAVID PEEBLES2, J. D. BRAKE, and M. A. LATOUR Poultry Science Depament, P.O. Box 5188, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 Phone: (601) 325-3379 FAX: (601) 325-8292
Communal egg‐laying behaviour and the consequences of egg aggregation in the brown anole (
 Anolis sagrei
 )

Communal nesting is a behaviour that involves multiple females laying eggs in the same nest or nesting site. This behaviour may be a consequence of a shortage of preferable nest sites (constraint hypothesis) or an adaptation generated by fitness benefits associated with egg aggregation (adaptive hypothesis). Experimental tests of these hypotheses require information about maternal nest site choice and its fitness consequences. To address these, we studied a lizard (brown anole; Anolis sagrei) that produces single‐egg clutches, but often aggregates eggs in nest sites. In a lab study, females were given the option of nesting in (a) soil previously used as nest substrate vs. fresh soil and (b) soil with eggshells vs. without eggshells. We also experimentally examined the effects of egg aggregation by incubating eggs singly, in groups of four, and in groups of nine. We recorded egg surface temperature, water uptake, and hatchling morphology. Females were more likely to nest in pots with used soil and with eggshells than in pots with fresh soil or without eggshells. We observed no effects of egg aggregation on egg survival, egg temperature, or most measures of hatchling morphology. However, singly‐incubated eggs absorbed more water than eggs incubated in the four and nine egg aggregations and this resulted in offspring with greater body condition (i.e. heavier for their length) at hatching. The behavioural experiment demonstrates that females actively choose nest sites that have been used previously (as expected under the adaptive hypothesis), but the egg‐aggregation experiment shows no benefits to offspring based on the variables measured. Thus, results of the behaviour study support the adaptive hypothesis; however, results from our egg‐incubation study do not. Likely, the adaptive and constraint hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, and a diversity of factors influence the evolution of communal nesting behaviour.
Morphology of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Erythrina velutina willd., leguminoseae - Papilionideae

The knowledge about the morphological aspects of both seeds and seedlings has several applications, such as in taxonomy, interpretation of the germination tests under laboratory conditions, in nurseries, as well as in ecological studies. Therefore, the goals of this work were to describe and illustrated both internal and external morphologies of the fruits and seeds as well as the germination phases and seedling development of mulungu (Erythrina velutina Willd.). The fruits and seeds were collected in the soil, which were dispersed by trees distributed throughout different forest fragments in the district of Areia in the State of Paraiba, Brazil. One hundred units were randomly selected for the morphological description of the fruits, seeds and germination phases. The results showed that the seed was reniform; had axial embryo with pulpous cotyledons; epigeal phanerocotylar and showed the presence of heterophylly at the seedlings phases. The described and illustrated aspects were homogeneous and reliable for the identification of the species. Thus, the results are useful in the technological work for evaluation of the physiological quality of the seeds as well as for evaluation of seedling morphology during germination tests. In addition, the results are useful for identification of the species in nurseries and in natural regeneration studies.
Viral activity along a trophic gradient in continental margin sediments off central Chile

Abstract The influence of benthic viruses for bacterial mortality and carbon recycling was investigated in continental margin sediments off central Chile. Virus net production correlated significantly with the total benthic mineralization rate (r2=0.94, n = 5) across a coastal–shelf transect. Within anoxic bag incubations, viral production also correlated significantly with bacterial activity (r2=0.86, n = 7). The coupling between virus production and independent measurements of bacterial mineralization strongly suggested that benthic viral production was regulated by bacterial metabolic activity. From the rates of viral and bacterial production [2–6×106 virus-like particles (VLP) cm−3 h−1 and 2–7×105 cells cm−3 h−1, respectively], the potential impact of viruses on bacterial mortality and dissolved organic carbon production was estimated. Viral-induced mortality corresponded to 44–138% of bacterial net production, indicating that viruses had substantial impact on bacterial mortality. The estimated release of viral lysates of 0.3–3.5 nmol C cm−3 h−1, however, contributed insignificantly to bacterial carbon respiration (<8%). Compiling data for various sediments using the same incubation approach confirmed that (1) viral activity is coupled to benthic mineralization rates, (2) virus-induced mortality constitutes a significant loss factor for benthic bacteria, whereas (3) viral-mediated recycling of organic carbon plays a minor role in benthic environments.
Social Networks Use Patterns among University Youth: The Validity and Reliability of an Updated Measurement Instrument

This article addresses the design and validation of an updated questionnaire that makes it possible to understand the use patterns and attitudes of university youth on social networks. The authors utilized a panel of 20 judges who were social media experts and a sample of 640 university students. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) explained 66.523% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), carried out to verify the dimensional structure of the instrument, reflected the appropriate parameters. The reliability study showed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.864. These data corroborated the development of a robust and reliable questionnaire. The resulting instrument did not contain items alluding to specific social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or LinkedIn), but rather students’ usage patterns of them. The exclusion of items that referred to particular social networks during the research demonstrated a convergence in behavior on social media regardless of the nuances of each platform. This fact suggested that the platform was of secondary importance in the context of a new paradigm in which the type of use (viewing, posting, participating, or interacting) took precedence over the name of the network itself.
APOPLASTIC PEROXIDASES AND ASCORBATE ARE INVOLVED IN MANGANESE TOXICITY AND TOLERANCE OF VIGNA UNGUICULATA

Excessive manganese (Mn) supply induced the formation of brown spots on leaves as typical Mn toxicity symptoms in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) grown in hydroponics. Differences in Mn resistance between cv. TVu 91 (Mn-sensitive) and cv. TVu 1987 (Mn-tolerant) expressed in the density of brown spots in older leaves were due to higher Mn tissue tolerance. Apoplastic water-soluble peroxidase (POD) in the apoplastic washing fluid (AWF) was enhanced by increasing Mn leaf content and generally significantly higher in leaves of cv. TVu 91 than in cv. TVu 1987. Electrophoresis of AWF revealed the presence of several water-soluble POD isoenzymes. At toxic Mn supply, the activities of these and additional POD isoenzymes increased more in the Mn-sensitive cultivar. Levels of ascorbic acid in the apoplast and cytoplasm of the Mn-sensitive cv. TVu 91 decreased with increasing leaf Mn contents, whereas Mn-tolerant cv. TVu 1987 was not affected. Mn treatment lead to a stimulation of the enzymes of the ascorbic acid regeneration system (monodehydroascorbic acid reductase and glutathione reductase) in both cultivars, but the activation of glutathione reductase was clearly more enhanced in the Mn-tolerant cultivar TVu 1987. The results provide circumstantial evidence that apoplastic ascorbate and peroxidases are involved in the expression of Mn toxicity and genotypic Mn tolerance.
Measures adopted for weight reduction among overweight and obese adults: a community based cross sectional study

Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder, overweight or obesity is the leading cause of hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis, various types of cancers in women like breast cancer and uterus cancer, menstrual disorder and infertility and many more diseases. Demographic transition combined with modernisation and industrialisation has resulted in extreme changes in lifestyles internationally which leads to increase prevalence of obesity. A rapid increase in obesity over the last three decades has been caused primarily by cultural and environmental factors. Overweight and obesity was once considered a high-income-country problem, However, it is now on the rise in low and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings. With urbanization and a busy lifestyle the general population is not able to allot enough time for daily physical activity. High calorie diets, heavy meals, low level of physical activity and sedentary lifestyles and nutritional disturbances are major risk factors in development of obesity. ABSTRACT