Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Int. J. Biosci

Cynara scolymus is an important medicinal plant containing phenolic acids and flavonoids. One of the most active ingredients of cynara is cynarin, which is present in high concentrations, especially in the leaves. Experimental studies demonstrated a significant liver protecting and regenerating effects of cynara but only few of them discussed its anti-apoptotic effects on liver diseases. Fourty adult male albino rats were allocated into five groups. Group I: animals served as normal control, Group II: animals received olive oil, Group III: animals received cynara extract, Group IV: animals constituted the hepatotoxic group, which received CCl4 in olive oil, Group V: CCl4-prophylactic group administered cynara extract. Blood and liver tissues were collected for biochemical, molecular and histopathological examinations. The CCl4 group showed significant increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, albumin, malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and decreases in albumin with reduced glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The co-administration of cynara extract in prophylactic group significantly reduced the elevated levels of biochemical markers mentioned above as well as increased the level of tissue SOD, GSH and serum albumin. Histopathology of liver also confirmed the protective effective of cynara against CCl4-induced hepatic damage. Gene expression measurements revealed that cynara administration ameliorated the effect of CCl4 that induced alterations in genes expression of apoptotic related genes Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3. The results confirm the strong protective and anti-apoptotic potential of cynara extract against CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity in rats at both biochemical and molecular levels. * Corresponding Author: Eman M. Saleh  e_ahmed@sci.asu. edu.eg International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 12, No. 1, p. 300-314, 2018
Genetic analysis of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauvaria bassiana to the corn borers tested byUV as physical mutagen

The present investigation aims to study the impact of some genetic treatment (using mutation by UV). The influence of different doses of ultraviolet (UV) light on the pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin to the European corn borer. The Mutant strains of B. bassiana (B.b) fungus showed different effect on Ostrinia nubilalis, Chilo agamemnon and Sesamia cretica of corn insect pests under laboratory conditions. The percentages of infestation were significantly decreased in all cases as compared with the wield type. Intracellular total soluble proteins of Beauveria bassiana are believed to play an important role in virulence against insect hosts. Twenty B. bassiana isolates, wild type (w.t) and their mutants were characterized by total soluble proteins present in cells, using the SDS_PAGE technique to differentiate the isolates based on virulence and host insect origin. Protein banding patterns SDS PAGE from w.t and their mutants show specific band of the different UV (doses of time) treatment may be referring to the occurred change of different character of Beauveria bassiana.
In vitro Morphogenesis of Direct Organs in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Siwy

Direct regeneration of organs offers a suitable approach for in vitro plantlets production evading the risk of genetic instability (mutations) associated with other regeneration routes involving callus phase. To stimulate adventitious bud formation, shoot tip explants of date palm Siwy cv. were cultured on MS medium containing 1 mg l -1 αnaphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1 mg l -1 of 6benzylaminopurine (BA), 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kin) and 2isopentenyladenine (2iP) added individually or in combinations. The highest percentage of responsive explants (36.36%) was observed on a medium containing 1 mg l -1 NAA combined with 1 mg l -1 each of BA, Kin, and 2iP where 9.20 shoots per explant formed after 32 weeks of culture (i.e. the end of the fourth subculture). In contrast, the medium containing 1 mg l -1 NAA combined with 1 mg l -1 of only one cytokinin enhanced root formation but completely inhibited shoot development. Thus, the combinations of NAA, BA, Kin and 2iP at 1 mg l -1 each resulted in the highest regeneration percentage of shoots. Key words— Phoenix dactylifera L, Tissue culture, Direct regeneration, Morphogenesis.
Oral Health in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Aim: To assess the oral health status in a group of children with cerebral palsy and to compare it with healthy children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Study Design: 63 children diagnosed with cerebral palsy were recruited from centers for children with special health care needs, and 99 healthy controls were recruited from regular elementary schools. The ages of the children in both groups ranged from 6-12 years. An oral examination was conducted to determine the dental health, the oral hygiene and the gingival health. A questionnaire was used to determine the medical and dental histories of the children. Results: More than half of the children in the CP group had caries and the mean DMFT+dft score was high. The majority of the children in that group had mild to moderate gingivitis and fair oral hygiene. There was no significant difference in oral health status between children with cerebral palsy and the controls. A significant association was found between the “reason for dental visits” and the dental health in the CP group (p=0.000). Conclusions: The oral health status of children with CP in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia is not satisfactory, however it is not significantly different from that of healthy children in the same age group.
Seasonal Variation in Chemical characteristics of Soil and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Vegetables at Wastewater Irrigated sites at Jaipur, India

Effect of wastewater irrigation was assessed at two agricultural sites at Jaipur city, the capital of Rajasthan, India. Variation in soil chemical characteristics and accumulation of heavy metals in two vegetables (Spinacia oleracea (spinach), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) were studied during the pre monsoon and post monsoon period. For comparison, a control site was also studied where bore well water was used for irrigation The results indicated an increase in nutrient content in soil(OC%,NO3-N,available P and K) along with accumulation of heavy metals (Cr,Pb,Cd and Ni) in soil and vegetables. The concentration of Ni and Pb was under the permissible limits whereas Cr and Cd were found to be above the permissible limits. This concentration of metals is high enough to be accumulated in the crops grown in such soils. Higher concentration of metals was found in spinach as compared to tomato. Seasonal variation was also observed in the metal concentration in the soil and vegetables. The concentration of metals was found to be high during pre monsoon period as compared to the post monsoon period.
Subclinical Epileptiform Abnormalities in ADHD Children: Effect of Stimulant Medications

Background: Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder in children. The relationship between ADHD and subclinical epileptiform abnormalities still vague. In addition, there are controversies about the use of stimulant medications in such case. Aim of the study: To assess the effects of stimulant medications on subclinical epileptiform abnormalities in children with ADHD. Patients and methods: We recruited 50 newly diagnosed children with ADHD without clinical seizures; they were assessed by EEG before and after 6 months of stimulant medications. Patients were aged from 6 to 12years, including 33males (66%) and 17 females (34%). Patients were categorized according to the subtype of ADHD into hyperactive subtype (n=19, 38%), inattentive subtype (n=10, 20%), and combined type (n=21, 42%). We used 20 channels EEG under standard condition for assessing children before and 6 months after treatment with stimulant medications. Results: Epileptiform abnormalities were detected in 16 (32%) of ADHD children before start of stimulant medication (methylphenidate), in comparison with 7 (14%) after stimulant therapy (p= 0.349) . We didn't find any correlation between ADHD subtypes and pattern of epileptiform discharge before and after therapy. Therefore stimulant treatment has nothing to do with epileptiform activity, moreover there is increased percent of normal EEG after treatment to be 86%, which was 68% before stimulant treatment. Conclusion: Stimulant medication can be used safely in ADHD children even in the presence of EEG changes without increased seizure risk. [Riad M. Elsayed, Hala E. Sayyah, Abd Elazeez Shabaan and Maha Nada Subclinical Epileptiform Abnormalities in ADHD Children: Effect of Stimulant Medications. J Am Sci 2012;8(7):454-458]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 70
The clinicopathologic characters and activity survey of sudden death of infants in a depressed economy: south-eastern Nigeria experience

Sudden death of infant (SDI) is among the clinical conditions called sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) referred to as death situation in which all clinical causative factors play apparent and hideous roles within an hour of unexpected death of infant within one year of age. To ascertain SDI at Abia State University Teaching Hospital (ABSUTH), a 6 year study of all infants’ death cases in record books were searched and two types of questionnaires added. Medical officers and hospital staff involved in infant healthcare were 343, and 1400 mothers contacted were of age ranges 18–40 years. Causes of SDI were respiratory failure 107, RTA 4, circulatory failure 25, alimentary distress 103, trauma and domestic accident 10, and cardiac failure 70 cases. Highest Frequency of occurrence in the years was observed in 1999 and gave 104. Commonest clinical characters were anemic heart failure, child neglect and abuse, drug toxicity, heamorrhage, and vagal inhibition. The rapidity at which SDI occurred in 25% of 107 respiratory failures was within 10 seconds to 5 minutes, and to 232 cases was within 24 minutes of hospitalization. Common clinical symptoms were mild to high fever, intermittent coughing and vomiting, malnourished body, respiratory distress, and apnea while 77% full term birth cases had body weight of 2100 to 2500g. Child neglect and abandonment were evident in 49% mothers of lean economies. SDI peak was from 5th to 8th months, at which periods 112 female and 168 male infants were wean to death by 280 mothers. Yearly highest incidence of SDI is 1999.
Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students: Insights for Entrepreneurial Education in Ethiopia

The purpose of this study was to determine the entrepreneurial intention of graduating universities students in Ethiopian and to identify factors which influence students’ entrepreneurial behavior. A survey design was employed where 665 final year university students from five universities were randomly selected as participants. Quantitative data were collected through self-evaluation survey questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Logistic Regression. Additionally, data from open-ended questions were used to identify factors which influence students’ entrepreneurial behavior. The study found high entrepreneurial intention for final year university students in Ethiopia, but, low propensity to venture into business within two years after graduating. Findings from the Logistic Regression analysis found strong support for perceived feasibility, perceived desirability and course support as predictors of entrepreneurial intention, and to some extent perceived locus of control, but, gender and prior experience in a business had no effect. Barriers that deter entrepreneurial attitude include: poor government support (policies and bureaucracy), institutional issues (lack of start-up capital, business premises, and poor access to adequate and quality inputs and markets), personal issues (lack of self-confidence and motivation, fear of failure, poor entrepreneurial skills and knowledge on opportunity identification), and societal issues (society/family support and perception). From this study, it was concluded that university students recognize entrepreneurship as the way forward for curbing unemployment, but, universities need to equip students with relevant competencies that are appropriate for business start-up. The government on its part should provide positive business environment and proper infrastructure for starting a new business. Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intentions; Business; University Students; Logistic Regression; Ethiopia
Detection of Intestinal Metaplasia among Sudanese Patients with Chronic Gastritis by Using Combined Alcian Blue- PAS Technique

Background and aim: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of cancer that leads to death in the world. GC is usually developed through a series of mucosal changes from non-atrophic gastritis to atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection is an important initiating and promoting step of this gastric carcinogenesis. The current study conducted to identify the frequency of H.pylori and (IM) among Sudanese patients with Gastritis and to determine the role of combined PAS/ Alcian blue stain to detect intestinal metaplasia Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 100 formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks of gastric biopsies with chronic gastritis, severity of gastritis was graded. Results: Hundred formalin fixed paraffin embedded Blocks from patients with gastritis were enrolled, of which 64 (64%) were females and 36 (36%) are males. Age range from 14 to 80 years with median age of 47 . The activity of gastritis was mild in 48%, moderate in 43% and severe in 8% of cases. Intestinal metaplasia was present in 10% (10/100). Concerning H.pylori infection as evaluated by H&E was reported in 49% of cases , among which 69% (34/49) of patients with chronic active gastritis were positive against 31% (15/39) of non-active chronic gastritis (p=0.000). H.pylori infection was related to the severity of gastric (p=0.01). H.pylori considered to be positive in antrum more than Fundus according to the site of biopsy a (p=0.003). DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.22192/ijcrms.2017. 03.06. 011 Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2017). 3(5): 80-88 81 Seven negative intestinal metaplasia observed by H&E, appear to positive when reviewed by the alcian blue combined with PAS, so the IM reported to be positive in 3% and 10% by H&E and alcian combined with PAS respectively. Conclusion: this study concludes that H.pylori are most frequent cause of chronic gastritis. A significant cases of IM were detected using combination of alcian blue-PAS stain among patients with chronic gastritis.
SEASONAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION IN AIRBORNE FUNGAL SPORES IN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS OF TEMPLES IN UJJAIN, INDIA

Aeromicrobiology is the study of sources, dispersion and effects of airborne biological materials like pollen, spores and microorganisms. A significant fraction of bioparticles consists of fungal spores and they are recognized as major bio-pollutants. The infestation of indoor domestic and working environments with microbiological contaminants or other bio-pollutants is a major health problem in a tropical country like India. The exposure to fungal spores in houses, markets, tourist places, occupational environments and other areas is responsible for various health problems like respiratory and allergic disorders. In order to systematically evaluate the relationship between airborne fungi and their adverse health effects, the fungal types and their relative frequencies in both indoor and outdoor air need to be determined. Ujjain is one of the sacred cities of India and it is famous for various holy temples which are visited by numerous devotees throughout the year. Moreover, a large number of people work in temples and earn their livelihood. Very little information is available regarding fungal aeroflora of temples. We have studied the aeromycoflora in the indoor and outdoor environments of some important temples of Ujjain during different times of the day and during different seasons.
HARMONIZING SEMANTICALLY SIMILAR SENTENCES BASED ON LEXICAL DATABASE –WORD NET AND FUZZY CLUSTERING FRAMEWORK

This paper is focusing on statistical measure of matching Similar Sentences using a Lexical Database (WordNet) and Fuzzy clustering framework is implemented that systematize data from one or more documents into different clusters. The conventional fuzzy clustering approach is not applicable to sentence clustering and so a WordNet and Fuzzy clustering algorithm is developed and used over the sentence of document datasets to match the related sentences. The term which donates the semantics of the sentence is examined on the sentence which can professionally find considerable matching concepts between documents. The semantic similarity of two sentences is calculated using information from a structured lexical database (WordNet) . This system is applied over Quotations dataset that find the Similarity measure of matching Semantically Similar Sentences. Our proposed system out performs the baseline method and contribute 25 % higher in similarity scoring of related sentences. The clustering performance in terms of Entropy and Purity is analyzed and this system yields more Purity and less Entropy. Our investigational outcome reveals that this method is capable of relating the semantically similar sentences. The proposed method can be used in a variety of applications that involve text knowledge representation and discovery
Knowledge and attitude of mothers about breastfeeding in slum population of khammam town

Breastfeeding is the feeding of infant or young child with milk directly from a women’s breast, not from a baby bottle or other container. In all mammalian species the reproductive cycle comprises both pregnancy and breastfeeding: in the absence of latter, none of those species, including man could have survived. The present study was undertaken in urban slums of Khammam town. The practice of giving prelacteal feeds was more in class V and it was statistically significant. The association between prelacteal feeds giving and receipt of antenatal services was not statistically significant. There was no significant association between prelacteal feeding and place of delivery. Human breast milk is the best source of nourishment for human infants, preventing disease, promoting health and reducing health care costs.
Assessing Factors Influencing the Quality of Developmental Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Tehran

Background: Neonatalintensivecareunit(NICU)developmentalcarereferstointerventionsintheinfant’senvironmentinneona-tal intensive care unit to reduce environmental stresses and provide greater family-infant compatibility. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess current developmental care performance and factors inﬂuencing implementation of this care at NICUs in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study as part of a larger mixed method study assessed the quality of developmental care in Tehran NICUs. The study was performed on 400 nurses working in level III NICUs in 27 hospitals of Tehran during years 2014 and 2015. Datawerecollectedusingtwoscales,"NICUdevelopmentalcareassessment(NDCA)scale"and"NICUdevelopmentalcarestructural (NDCS) checklist". The scales validity was detected by content, face and construct and reliability by internal consistency and test-retest. The overall and each domain score were calculated in percentages. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-21 software using descriptive statistics tests and regression analysis. Results: The total score of quality of providing developmental care was 74.84%. Among all domains, "daily routine care" had the highest score (85.67%) and "sleep and pain care" had the lowest score (66.63%). Total score of structure was 43.06%. The number of neonates admitted per day (B -0.328, P = 0.019) and number of infants managed by each nurse (B -2.543, P = 0.019) were signiﬁcant predictor variables for better quality of total developmental care. Conclusions: The number of infants cared and admitted were the only signiﬁcant factors contributing to high quality of developmental care. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that in case of Tehran, work-load and structure of services should receive greater attention.
Secure Authentication Protocol for NFC Mobile Payment Systems

Summary Near Field Communication (NFC) is an attractive technology which is used in several countries for contactless payment operations via mobiles. This technology is suffered from increasing the security weaknesses. In the NFC mobile payment systems, the payment operations are vulnerable to various attacks. Therefore, the authentication protocol in the NFC technology has the highest priority to develop such systems. This paper proposes a new secure authentication protocol to provide strong security features for the NFC mobile payment systems, called (SAP-NFC) protocol. Compared with the recent NFC mobile payment authentication protocols, the security analysis has illustrated that the proposed SAP-NFC protocol can achieve highest level of security by supporting the fully mutual authentication, the key forward/backward secrecy, anonymity and untraceability features. In addition to, the SAP-NFC protocol is secure against replay attack, impersonate attack, tracking attack and desynchronization attack.
Prescribing pattern and health economics in upper respiratory tract infection in the paediatric out-patient department

January March 2017 158 JCPS Volume 10 Issue 1 Prescribing pattern and health economics in upper respiratory tract infection in the paediatric out-patient department Kousalya Prabahar* *Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. *Corresponding author: E-Mail: happykousi@gmail.com, Mobile: +966 542019537 ABSTRACT Objective: To analyse the current prescription patterns and the economics of drugs used in the treatment of URTI. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in the out-patient department of paediatrics. Children of 1 month to 18 years, diagnosed with URTI by the physician were included in the study. The demographic details, drugs prescribed, dose, duration of therapy, cost of drug therapy were all noted from the outpatient record. The cost of individual drug was analysed and the health economic analysis of drugs were performed. Results: The maximum number of children was in the age group of 1-5 years. The average number of drugs per encounter was found to be 2.01. Antihistamines were commonly prescribed and hence it cost more to the patients, followed by cough syrups. Conclusion: Medical audit is effective in improvising the prescribing pattern. Long-term interventional studies are needed to enhance the rational prescribing.