Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title: Alternate subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation parameters to manage motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis Running title: Alternate deep brain stimulation parameters

Background: The use of alternate frequencies, amplitudes and pulse widths to manage motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is of clinical interest, but currently lacks systematic evidence. Objective/Hypothesis: Systematically review whether alternate STN-DBS settings influence the therapy’s efficacy for managing PD motor symptoms. Methods: Systematic searches identified studies that; involved bilateral STN-DBS PD patients; manipulated ≥1 STN-DBS parameter (e.g. amplitude); assessed ≥1 motor symptom (e.g. tremor); and contrasted the experimental and chronic stimulation settings. A Mantel-Haenszel random-effects meta-analysis compared the UPDRS-III sub-scores at low (60-Hz) and high frequencies (≥130 Hz). Inter-study heterogeneity was assessed with the Cohen’s χ and I index, while the standard GRADE evidence assessment examined strength of evidence. Results: Of the 21 included studies, 17 investigated the effect of alternate stimulation frequencies, five examined alternate stimulation amplitudes, and two studied changes in pulse width. Given the available data, meta-analyses were only possible for alternate stimulation frequencies. Analysis of the heterogeneity amongst the included studies indicated significant variability between studies and, on the basis of the GRADE framework, the pooled evidence from the meta-analysis studies was of very low quality due to the significant risks of bias. Conclusions: The meta-analysis reported a very low quality of evidence for the efficacy of low-frequency STNDBS for managing PD motor symptoms. Furthermore, it highlighted that lower amplitudes lead to the reemergence of motor symptoms and further research is needed to understand the potential benefits of alternate STN-DBS parameters for PD patients.
Interspeaker variation in the syntactic processing of referential singular they

Singular they is suggested to be acceptable in the grammar only when referring to indefinite or gender-neutral antecedents. Previous studies have used antecedents of varying gender expectation to test whether singular they can refer to antecedents with gender, but no experimental studies have considered the social variables that could affect the acceptability of singular they in speech. The goal of this study is to compare the acceptability and processing of singular referential they between cisgender and non-binary individuals, as people who identify as non-binary tend to use they, them, and their as their pronouns of personal reference. This study shows thats there are no effects of gender-expectancy in online processing across cisgender and non-binary individuals. I also show that sentences with singular they are overall more natural to non-binary individuals than cisgender individuals, suggesting that social variables affect off-line judgments, but not on-line processing.
The traits of autism spectrum disorder in the general population influence humor appreciation: Using the autism-spectrum quotient and HSPS-J19

Abstract Previous studies show differences in humor appreciation between individuals with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing individuals; however, the relationship between humor appreciation and ASD traits has not been fully examined. This study tried to clarify the effect of ASD traits on humor appreciation. One hundred and two typically developing undergraduates were asked to answer 24 items measuring humor appreciation in response to joke stimuli and to complete the Japanese version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ-J), which measures the ASD traits of social communication, attention, and imagination, and the Japanese version of the 19-item Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS-J19), which measures the trait of sensory sensitivity. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that social skills (AQ-J) and ease of excitation (a subscale of the HSPS-J19) were unique predictors of humor appreciation, with a significant coefficient of determination. These findings suggest that poor social skills and ease of excitation influence the cognitive processes underlying humor appreciation. Ease of excitation was found to be specifically associated with recognizing incongruity, whereas social skills were found to be associated with the elaboration of the stimulus. This study contributes to our understanding of the relationship between sensory sensitivity and social communication in individuals with ASD.
Effects of perturbations in a dynamic system – The case of Nordic power production

We use a dynamic model of the production of electricity and district heat in the Nordic countries to investigate the effects of small changes in the Nordic power-supply system. Our aim is to improve the understanding concerning marginal effects in this system and in dynamic production systems in general. Specifically, we investigate the effects of an earlier closing of a nuclear reactor, and of increases in short-term and long-term electricity demand. Our results demonstrate that a long-term perturbation has both short-term and long-term effects. To account for short-term effects only can be a serious limitation in a study aiming at describing the effects of decisions. Marginal effects in a dynamic system are likely to involve a complex and uncertain mix of different technologies. The magnitude of the effects can be greater than the perturbation itself and remain long after it has ended. Perturbations in one production system can also have marginal effects outside this system.
Photovoltaic Solar Technologies: Solution to Affordable, Sustainable, and Reliable Energy Access for All in Rwanda

Despite remarkable economic growth and development in recent decades, Rwanda has been still facing energy crises and challenges. Although the country has considerable energy assets, less than 10% is utilized for its local electricity needs. Currently, national installed generation capacity is estimated at 221 MW, for a population around 12 million, and electricity access is estimated at 51% (37% grid and 14% off-grid networks). About half the population is without electricity access while the grid-connected users face high electricity tariffs and frequent power outages (blackouts). The national grid itself is also experiencing high losses. This paper used the HOMER software for modeling the optimal, sustainable, reliable, and affordable photovoltaic solar technologies as energy solutions for all (off-grid and on-grid users) in Rwanda. The selection and recommendation of a suitable photovoltaic (PV) solar technology depend on its annual electricity production capacity, electrical load, renewable energy penetration percentage, economic viability, feasibility, affordability, carbon footprint, and greenhouse gas emission level for climate change considerations towards a clean and greener future. The results show that the least cost of energy (LCOE) for electricity production by each of the solar PV systems with storage, PV-grid-connected household, and PV-grid connection with storage was 67.5%, 56.8%, and 33.9%, respectively, lower than the normal electricity tariff in Rwanda. The PV systems with storage proposed in this paper could be effective in increasing national energy resource exploitation, providing affordable and reliable energy access to all citizens.
Understanding the antecedents of knowledge sharing behaviour and its relationship to team effectiveness and individual learning

Due to the competitive and rapidly changing nature of the external business environment, university students must acquire the ability to cooperate, share knowledge, and enhance team effectiveness and learning in the workplaces of the future. Consequently, the design of business courses in higher education merits further discussion. Based on the notions of team-based learning and flipped classrooms, we proposed a business course model that consisted of three main phases: before-class, in-class, and after-class online course activities. After implementing the course models in two business courses at two public universities in Taiwan, a survey based on social learning and social exchange theories was distributed. The data collected from 218 undergraduate business students were analysed. The findings reveal that value in team members’ contributions is positively associated with team trust and each has a significant impact on knowledge sharing and team effectiveness. Knowledge sharing played a key role in this learning context and was a significant mediator between perceptions of value in team members’ contributions and team effectiveness, as well as between team trust and team effectiveness. In addition, team effectiveness was a benefit to individual learning in these classes.
Difference in choice of occupation among linguistic communities of Karachi

Pakistan is a country where more than 57 languages are being spoken, belong to different cultural background. Karachi, being the biggest city and the major economic arena of the country, is a place where many communities reside together. To name the major communities, there are Urdu speaking, Memon, Makrani, Agha Khani, Hazara, Hindu, Christian, Parsi, Bohri, Pashtun, Punjabi, Balochi, Behari, Bangali and Sindhi. The aim of the present research is to investigate if there a difference exists in the choice of occupation in the major linguistic communities in Karachi. The occupations were categorized into three domains: business, government jobs, and private jobs. A forth category was made for the people who were jobless. The sample of 479 participants consisted of 331 men and 48 women out of whom 83 belonged to Bangali, 99 Memon, 53 Punjabi, 17 Pushto, 125 Sindhi, and 102 to Urdu community. Participants were asked two simple questions: which linguistic community they belong to, and what occupation they belong to. Results demonstrated difference in the choice of occupation among different linguistic communities. Memon and Bangali prefer to be a businessman while a bigger proportion of private jobs is occupied by Urdu speakers while the government sector is predominantly a place of job for Sindhi speakers.
Firm-Level Determinants and Dividend Policy of Nigerian Non-Financial Listed Firms

This study aims to examine the relationship between firm-level determinants and dividend policy of firms in the Nigerian non-financial sectors. The unresolved nature of the theoretical debate and the relative neglect of dividend policies in developing capital markets motivated consideration of the potential impact that dividend policies can have on shareholders' wealth in the Nigerian non-financial firms. Hence, the ability to determine dividend policy poses a more significant challenge to corporate organisations. Therefore, this study is designed to advance alternative conceptualised approach to adequately account for the issues as well as advance effective dividend policy in Nigeria. The relevant data with the annual frequencies of these financial factors were collected from the annual audited reports and fact book of NSE of the selected 9 firms of the non-financial sectors (agriculture, conglomerates, construction, consumer goods, health care, industrial goods, natural resources, service sector and oil and gas) in Nigeria for the period of ten years from 2008 to 2017. The study employs a quantitative research approach. In addition to examining the interaction of the most concurrence variables with the dividend policy of firms, static (e.g., the Pooled Ordinary Least Squares and Fixed Effect analysis). The findings from this study provide a new framework for investors and stock market participants to improve their investment decisions after exploring which firm-level determinants are more effective in constraining dividend policy. The element of each determinant tends to vary across and between different firm-level attributes. Thus, management should be aware of these issues as they reflect the overall dividend policy decision making at different stages of the economy within Nigeria. Effective and efficient decision-making leads to cost reductions and, therefore, maximises the wealth of the shareholders. Article Information: Received: 27 September 2019 Revised: 25 October 2019 Accepted: 2 November 2019 Published: November 2019
EFFECT OF STEAMING ON PHYSICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF PARBOILED RICE

Physical and thermal properties of four improved parboiled rice varieties (FARO 61, FARO 60, FARO 52 and FARO 44) and a local parboiled rice variety (Bisalayi) from Nigeria were investigated for effects of variety and steaming conditions. Translucency improved significantly (P<0.05) with parboiling and was different depending on variety; however, no effect of steaming time was found. The improved rice varieties showed better hardness and were less discolored than the local variety. FARO 61 was found to have the highest hardness with values of 79.36– 158.17 N corresponding to steaming for 0–20 min, respectively, while the local variety (Bisalayi) has the least hardness of 59.45–113.65 N for the respective steaming times. For all the rice varieties studied, no residual gelatinization enthalpy was observed at the different steaming times which show that steaming completely gelatinized the rice starch during parboiling process.
RUNNING HEAD: attentional disengagement predicts depression via brooding Attentional disengagement from emotional information predicts future depression via changes in ruminative brooding: A five-month longitudinal eye-tracking study

Brooding is considered a maladaptive form of emotion regulation linking adverse events to increases in depressive symptoms. The “Impaired Disengagement Hypothesis” (Koster, De Lissnyder, Derakshan & De Raedt, 2011) proposes that attentional disengagement processes are a main mechanism involved in the emergence and maintenance of brooding responses. In this study we tested prospective predictions derived from this framework, relying on eye-tracking to assess direct processes of attentional disengagement from emotional faces (i.e., time to move gaze away from either positive or negative faces when prompted to fixate a different face). A sample of undergraduates (n=89) completed measures of depression, brooding, and the attentional disengagement task at baseline (beginning of the semester) and five months later (immediately after a stressful period: examination). The results supported a moderated mediation model where slower disengagement from positive faces at baseline (predictor) predicted decreases in brooding during the follow-up period (mediator), indirectly predicting decreased depressive symptoms at follow-up (outcome) in individuals encountering more adverse events during the follow-up period (moderator). Furthermore, analyses also supported a moderation model where more habitual brooding at baseline (predictor) predicted slower disengagement from negative faces at follow-up (outcome) in individuals encountering more adverse events (moderator). Our findings support bidirectional influences between attentional disengagement and brooding and highlight protective attention patterns with implications for the development of efficient strategies for the prevention of depression.
OTT_A_217767 10903..10916

Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Epigenetics is a kind of heritable change that involves the unaltered DNA sequence and can have effects on gene expression. The regulatory mechanism mainly includes DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA regulation. DNA methylation is currently the most studied aspect of epigenetics. It is widely present in eukaryotic cells and is the most important epigenetic mark in the regulation of gene expression in the cell. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) have been increasingly recognized in the field of cancer immunotherapy, have been approved for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and are widely being used in clinical trials of cancer immunotherapies. DNMTi promote the reactivation of tumour suppressor genes, enhance tumour immunogenicity, and stimulate a variety of immune cells to secrete cytokines that exert cytotoxic effects, promote tumour cell death, including macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells, and upregulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression levels. Here, we mainly summarize the epigenetics related to DNMTi and their regulation of the antitumour immune response and DNMTi combined with immuno-therapeutics or histone deacetylase inhibitors to demonstrate the great development potential and clinical application value of DNMTi.
The Effects of Founders’ Characteristics on Student Spin-Offs Intention: A Gender Analysis

Purpose: This paper aims to drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), explore the effects of founders’ characteristics on student spin-offs intention (SI) and examines the question of whether the effects are vary by gender. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from a sample of 369 students at eleven public universities in Malaysia. Partial least square-structural equation modelling, bootstrap procedure and multi-group analysis were used to analyze the data.
Status of fodder production in the existing farming systems in Muzaffarnagar district of Uttar Pradesh

The survey was conducted to assess the status of fodder production in Muzaffarnagar district of Uttar Pradesh. Twenty households were selected randomly for the study. The information was gathered through village survey using semi structured interview schedules. The results of study revealed that, developed fodder production techniques are not adopted well by the farmers. Sugarcane based mono cropping system is being practiced resulting reduced forage availability. Fodder area with respect to land holding size was higher in marginal farmers (35.19%) and was lower in case of large farmers (8.10%). The total numbers of animals in medium farmers were highest, while lowest among the small farmers. The total milk production and consumption was higher in large farmers compared to medium, small and marginal farmers. Sale of milk was lower in marginal farmer than other categories of farmers. During scarcity period sugarcane tops is used as fodder to animals. Majority of the farmers (72%) are sowing fodder crops through broadcasting method. The green fodder yield of sorghum, bajra and Napier were highest in marginal farmers than small, medium and large farmers. On the other hand green fodder yield of cowpea was higher in small and medium farmers when compared with marginal and large farmers. Forty eight per cent of farmers reported that area under fodder production is decreasing. Most of the farmers cut their fodder crops nearly by the ground surface (5 cm height). Large number of farmers (84%) reported that they are applying urea after each cut in the fodder crops. Besides, farmers also reported that low price of fodder, poor quality seed, insects and pests are the major constraints in fodder production. Therefore, there is need of diversification of existing cropping systems to augment the fodder availability to huge livestock population.
Zambian Civic Education Teacher Students in Norway for a Year—How Do They Describe Their Transformative Learning?

Through 10 years of cooperation between the University of Zambia and the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 24 students of Civic Education (Social Sciences) from the University of Zambia had an opportunity to travel to Norway to have a different learning experience of Civic Education. In this study, we sought through qualitative questionnaires and interviews to understand how the former Civic Education teacher students describe their experiences and received benefits during the 10 months they spent at the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences. The study established that transformative learning takes time, but of paramount importance was that the students were able to critically reflect and act as change-makers at an individual, school, and/or society level. The study also noted that international student mobility can increase students’ transformative learning under certain conditions. Therefore, our study concludes that crucial factors for transformative learning consist of the combination of cultural mentoring, teaching practice, critical discussions, and critical theories. Additionally, the study notes that reframing our perspectives as learners, teachers, and researchers can lead to increased awareness of moral imperatives for satisfying human needs, ensuring social justice and respecting environmental limits as citizens in a global world.
spp . present in peripheral intravenous catheters , their virulence factors and antibiotic resistance Staphylococcus spp . presentes em cateteres intravenosos periféricos , seus fatores de virulência

The insertion of a peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) is one of the most frequently performed invasive procedures in the hospital setting. However, PIVCs usually fail before the completion of intravenous treatment and upon insertion the risk of infection increases exponentially. There are few studies evaluating the contamination of this vascular medical device and characterizing the associated microorganisms regarding the production of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance. A total of 110 PIVCs ends were analyzed using the Maki et al. methodology and microorganisms were identified. The Staphylococcus spp. were subsequently studied for the antimicrobial susceptibility profile by disc diffusion method and based on the cefoxitin phenotype were further classified into strains resistant to methicillin. A screening for the mecA gene was also done by PCR and MICvancomycin as determined by E-test, proteolytic and hemolytic activity on Skim milk 1% plate and blood agar, respectively. The biofilm formation was evaluated on microplate reading through iodonitrotetrazolium chloride 95% (INT). About 30% of PIVCs were contaminated and the most prevalent genus was Staphylococcus spp. , 48.8%. This genus presented resistance to penicillin (91%), erythromycin (82%), ciprofloxacin (64%) and cefoxitin (59%). Thus, 59% of strains resistant to methicillin were detected. We detected the mecA gene in 82% of the isolates tested. Regarding the virulence factors, 36.4% presented hemolysis and 22.7% hemolysis, 63.6% presented a positive result for the production of proteases and 63.6% presented a biofilm formation capacity. About 36.4% were simultaneously resistant to methicillin and showed expression of proteases and/or hemolysins, biofilm formation and MIC for vancomycin greater than 2μg/mL. Thus, our study evidenced contamination of PIVCs mainly by Staphylococcus spp. , with high pathogenicity demonstrated by the presence of virulence factors, as well as resistance to antibiotics. The production of virulence factors allows to strengthen the attachment and the permanence in the catheter. When we also associate antimicrobial resistance, the treatment of the related infections becomes more difficult and the scarce treatment options. These data should be considered by health professionals who must take preventive measures to minimize the risk of contamination and consequent reduction of infections related to the use of peripheral intravenous catheters