Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sharia-Based Financial Performance Optimization for MSMEs in Banten Province, Indonesia

Economic growth will be influenced by stable Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and optimal financial performance based on the use of sharia fintech. This study aims to examine the financial sustainability and performance of MSMEs from the perspective of Islamic economics; examine the impact of sharia fintech use on the financial sustainability and performance of SMEs; and strengthen human resource capacity, business diversification, business productivity, and product marketing to enhance the financial sustainability and business sustainability of SMEs. The survey was conducted with a quantitative approach. Data was obtained through questionnaires distributed to 303 respondents in 4 cities and 4 districts in Banten Province. The findings indicated that company diversification and human resource capacity had an impact on the financial performance of MSMEs. The viability of SME firms is positively impacted by sharia fintech, human resource capability, company diversification, business productivity, and financial performance. Our study recommends SME business management based on the use of sharia fintech in supporting SME business sustainability in Banten Province, Indonesia. Our research contribution, apart from being empirical evidence of how to optimize MSME financial performance, also provides understanding for MSME managers in inventorying alternatives to improve financial performance by studying human resource capacity, business diversification, sharia Fintech, and business productivity, which in turn has an impact on economic growth.
The Subpolar Front of the Japan/East Sea. Part III: Competing Roles of Frontal Dynamics and Atmospheric Forcing in Driving Ageostrophic Vertical Circulation and Subduction

ABSTRACTThe effects of wind stress and surface cooling on ageostrophic vertical circulation and subduction at the subpolar front of the Japan/East Sea are investigated using a nonhydrostatic numerical model. In experiments forced by wind and/or cooling, ageostrophic vertical circulation is enhanced relative to the unforced case. Both surface cooling and wind stress intensify the circulation by enhancing frontogenesis associated with frontal meandering. Winds further strengthen vertical motions by generating internal gravity waves. Downfront winds (i.e., oriented along the frontal jet) transport surface water from the denser to lighter side of the front, causing it to migrate toward the region of higher stratification and enhancing the vertical mixing at the front. This induces outcropping of isopycnals from the middle of the pycnocline along which surface water is subducted. Hence downfront winds enhance subduction down to the middle of the pycnocline, but not beneath. On the other hand, cooling uplifts i.
The effect of Mn on mineral stability in metapelites revisited: new a–x relations for manganese‐bearing minerals

The a–x relations recently presented in White et al. ( , Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 32, 261–286) are extended to include MnO. This provides a set of internally consistent a–x relations for metapelitic rocks in the MnO–Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–O2 (MnNCKFMASHTO) system. The mixing parameters for the Mn‐bearing minerals were estimated using the micro‐ϕ approach of Powell et al. ( , Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 32, 245–260). Then the Mn‐end‐member thermodynamic properties were calibrated using a database of co‐existing minerals involving literature data from rocks and from experiments on natural materials. Mn‐end‐members were calibrated for orthopyroxene, cordierite, staurolite, chloritoid, chlorite, biotite, ilmenite and hematite, assuming known properties for the garnet end‐member spessartine. The addition of MnO to phase diagram calculations results in a marked expansion of the stability of garnet‐bearing assemblages. At greenschist facies conditions garnet stability is extended down temperature. At amphibolite facies conditions, the garnet‐in boundary shifts to lower pressure. While the addition of MnO greatly influences the stability of garnet, it has relatively little effect on the stability of other common metapelitic minerals, with the resultant diagrams being topologically very similar to those calculated without MnO. Furthermore, the addition of MnO in the amounts measured in most metapelites has only a small effect on the mode of garnet, with calculated garnet modes remaining smaller than 1% in the P–T range outside its predicted Mn‐free P–T range.
Caryosystématique et différenciation évolutive de quelques «Rubia» méditerranéennes

E stato effettuato lo studio cariologico, morfologico, anatomico e palinologico di diversi taxa del genere Rubia dell'area mediterranea. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano in primo luogo l'esistenza di un centro terziario di differenziazione di questo genere nell'ovest della regione mediterranea occidentale, oltre i centri primario (SW di Asia) e secondario (da SE e E di Asia) gia conosciuti. Questo centro si e evoluto geograficamente in due sensi: dal sud della Spagna verso le isole Macaronesiche (R. agostinhoi—2x, 4x, 8x), e verso l'ovest e il centro delle regioni mediterranea e submediterranea (complesso di R. peregrina—2x, 6x, 8x, 10x, 12x) con la differenziazione della ssp. longifolia (4x), sparsa per le coste della regione mediterranea occidentale, e della ssp. requienii (6x), endemica delle isole mediterranee occidentali e del sud dell'Italia. Inoltre nelle isole Baleari si trova R. angustifolia (6x), paleoendemica e paleopoliploide, con alcuni stomi nella superficie superiore della foglia e numerosi .
Monitoring shipborne visitors in Antarctica: a preliminary field study

ABSTRACT During every austral summer since the International Geophysical Year 1957–58 several thousand scientists and support staff have worked in Antarctica. A more recent development is the annual advent of 4000–5000 tourists, who now probably outnumber expedition members in the area covered by the Antarctic Treaty System. Most tourists come by ship, visiting coastal areas of the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Orkney and South Shetland islands that arc readily accessible beween November and March: smaller numbers visit the Ross Dependency and Adelie Land sectors. This article reviews Antarctic Treaty and International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) attitudes to tourism, and outlines a preliminary study of shipborne tourism between late December 1991 and March 1992 on Half Moon Island, South Shetland Islands. Within one month (January) a survey team from the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, recorded 14 visits by six tour ships, bringing more than 2000 tourists. In addition, attitudes and expectations of visitors were studied on five ships. Arising from this study, a programme of visitor monitoring is planned as a joint project between British, Chilean, and Argentine scientific institutions during the next five years. Objectives are to find ways of minimizing both short-term and long-term impacts of tourists and other visitors on breeding birds and other ecological communities, and to provide a factual basis for regulation under the Antarctic Treaty System.
Analysis of Membrane Type-1 Matrix Metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP, MMP14) in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium and in Serum and Endocervical Mucus of Endometriosis

Background: Membrane type-matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are a subgroup of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family and are key molecules in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP, MMP14) is often deregulated in different cancer tissues and body fluids of human cancer patients; however, MT1-MMP levels in endometriosis and adenomyosis patients are currently unknown. Materials and Methods: Tissue samples from patients with and without endometriosis or adenomyosis were analyzed with immunohistochemistry for the localization of MT1-MMP. Serum and endocervical mucus samples from patients with and without endometriosis or adenomyosis were investigated with MT1-MMP ELISAs. Results: MT1-MMP was localized preferentially in the glands of eutopic and ectopic endometrium. MT1-MMP protein levels are significantly reduced in ovarian endometriosis (HSCORE = 31) versus eutopic endometrium (HSCORE = 91) and adenomyosis (HSCORE = 149), but significantly increased in adenomyosis (HSCORE = 149) compared to eutopic endometrium (HSCORE = 91). Similarly, analysis of the levels of MT1-MMP using enzyme-linked immune assays (ELISAs) demonstrated a significant increase in the concentrations of MT1-MMP in the serum of endometriosis patients (1.3 ± 0.8) versus controls (0.7 ± 0.2), but not in the endocervical mucus. Furthermore, MT1-MMP levels in the endocervical mucus of patients with endometriosis were notably reduced in patients using contraception (3.2 ± 0.4) versus those without contraception (3.8 ± 0.2). Conclusions: Taken together, our findings showed an opposite regulation of MT1-MMP in the tissue of ovarian endometriosis and adenomyosis compared to eutopic endometrium without endometriosis but increased serum levels in patients with endometriosis.
Cretaceous–Cenozoic tectonic events in the western Myanmar (Burma)–Assam region

Correlation of late Mesozoic mafic and ophiolitic rocks suggests that in the late Lower Cretaceous a northeasterly-facing mafic arc was emplaced onto southeast Borneo, western Sumatra, western Myanmar (Burma) then 1100 km south of its present position, the Mogok belt of Myanmar and the Denqen–Bangong Co ophiolite zone in Tibet, all then situated on the southwestern margin of Asia. Reversal in tectonic polarity and eastward subduction generated a late Cretaceous magmatic arc in western Myanmar and Sumatra, and its continuation through the Mogok belt into the Gandise batholith of Tibet. Magmatism, interrupted in the latest Cretaceous, probably resumed in the western Myanmar–Tibet and Sumatra arc segments in the early Palaeogene. It was again interrupted in the Mid-Eocene when an east-vergent ophiolite nappe overrode the Indo-Burman Ranges, deforming Lower Eocene turbidites derived from the magmatic arc to the east. Following renewed northward and eastward subduction of ocean floor in the latest Eocene, India collided with northern Myanmar, and with Tibet along a suture south of the Jurassic–Triassic flysch and adjacent Yarlung ophiolite. In the Mogok segment of the late Cretaceous arc, crust thickened in the early Cretaceous orogeny underwent extension to form a metamorphic core complex as Myanmar, west of the Sagaing Fault moved northward. More than half of this northward movement preceded the well-documented 450 km of post-early Miocene dextral displacement on the Sagaing Fault and related spreading in the Andaman Sea. Generation of late Cretaceous to early Eocene I- and S-type granites in and east of the Mogok belt was related either to crustal shortening, or more probably, to subsequent extension in the Mogok belt.
On the relation between polar continentality and climate: Studies with a nonlinear seasonal energy balance model

The seasonal cycle of surface temperature is largely controlled by the land-sea distribution. Previous studies with a two-dimensional, seasonal energy balance model (EBM) suggested that large annual cycles on supercontinents could produce sufficiently high summer temperatures to melt summer snow, even when the continents were located in polar regions. The above calculations were done with a linear model. In this paper we test the sensitivity of these conclusions to seasonally varying snow albedo feedback by developing a new nonlinear two-dimensional, seasonal EBM. The model satisfactorily reproduces the present annual and semiannual cycles, plus snow and sea ice margins; its sensitivity is ≈ 25% greater than that of the linear model and comparable to a number of general circulation model (GCM) studies for altered CO2 levels. Experiments are described for a series of idealized supercontinent configurations; in addition we examine the effect of changing land-sea distributions on the climate of Greenland and Antarctica. Supercontinent model simulations are similar to the previously published linear model results and provide further support for the hypothesis that ice-free states could occur on polar supercontinents. However, some of our results for smaller land masses differ from the earlier study. Although temperatures are systematically lower for the nonlinear run, we simulate >15°C decrease in summer temperatures over Greenland during the last 100 million years in both the linear and nonlinear models. However, there is only a weak suggestion of a long-term trend in the southern hemisphere. Revised reconstructions of southern hemisphere geography further obscure any long-term trend in this region. Overall, model simulations provide further support for the proposition that changes in seasonality have played an important role in climate change over the past few hundred million years.
A 17-Yr Climate Record of Environmental Parameters Derived from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager

AbstractThe Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite began operating in December 1997 and was shut down on 8 April 2015. Over the oceans, the microwave (MW) sensor aboard TRMM measures sea surface temperature, wind speed, and rain rate as well as atmospheric columnar water vapor and cloud liquid water. Improved calibration methods are applied to the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), and a 17-yr climate record of these environmental parameters is produced so as to be consistent with the climate records from 13 other MW sensors. These TMI retrievals are validated relative to in situ observations over its 17-yr mission life. All indications point to TMI being an extremely stable sensor capable of providing satellite climate records of unprecedented length and accuracy.
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF SPATIAL PATTERN OF PRECIPITATION IN MODELING STREAM FLOW HYDROGRAPHS

: In most approaches to modeling the rainfall/runoff process, a spatially lumped description of precipitation has been assumed adequate for modeling the important characteristics of catchment response. However, theories of catchment hydrology as well as some re cent modeling studies suggest that spatial variability in precipitation may be important in determining the characteristics of stream flow hydrographs. Data from two intensive rainfall recording experiments in Illinois have been used to examine the effects of rainfall pattern on stream hydrographs for summer convective storms. A threshold analysis was introduced to distinguish storms of markedly different pattern. A mixed deterministic/stochastic modeling procedure was used to generate hydrographs resulting from storms of different patterns. It was found that differences in peak timing resulting from different patterns were highly significant, differences in the distributions of peak flow were significant and differences in the distributions of storm flow volumes were insignificant even given a long period of synthetic record. Rainfall pattern per se seems to have only a second order effect on hydrograph characteristics. Assessing the correct volume of input in a highly spatial variable pattern is far more important in predicting stream hydrographs.
Efficacy of Sonic-Powered and Manual Toothbrushes on Plaque-Induced Gingivitis in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hormonal changes and physiological alterations in pregnancy increase the susceptibility of the woman to oral diseases such as plaque-induced gingivitis. In individual oral prophylaxis, effective tooth brushing can reduce gingival inflammation. Therefore, it is necessary to update the scientific evidence to identify which type of toothbrush, manual or sonic-powered, is most effective in reducing the incidence of gingivitis in pregnant women. The aim of this clinical trial is to compare the biofilm control effectiveness of two manual and two sonic toothbrushes in pregnant women. This study is designed as a four-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1:1:1. The pregnant woman will be included at 15–18 weeks of amenorrhea and followed for 3 months. The primary outcome will be the change in the incidence of gingival bleeding from a baseline and various follow-up periods of the study. Secondary outcomes measures will be to compare clinical effects of the toothbrushes tested on (i) gingival inflammation, (ii) dental plaque, (iii) gingival attachment and (iv) periodontal pocket; and to assess toothbrush acceptability. Thus, identifying the best device for effective tooth brushing in pregnancy could be helpful in reducing and improving the incidence of gingival inflammation.
The Geology of the White Sands of New Mexico

EAST of the San Andreas and Organ mountains of New Mexico is an extensive valley that has been the subject of much discussion from the practical as well as the theoretical point of view. The writer is not aware that any competent geologist has had the opportunity to make an exhaustive study of its unique features and ventures to put on record the results of a somewhat careful if cursory examination of the yalley and its environs.
The risk of combined use of herbal and conventional medicines in diabetic patients

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase due to changes in human lifestyle. Adherence to taking medication becomes one of the keys to successful blood glucose control. Unfortunately, not all people with DM are obedient to take medicine because of various reasons, such as fear of the side effects. To avoid some concerns about medicine, some prefer to add herbal medicine. Objective: This study determined whether the addition of herbal medicine to conventional drugs increases the incidence of hypoglycemia. Methods: This study was carried out from October 2019-March 2020 on 350 Madurese patients with DM in 33 primary healthcare centres of Madura. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The independent variable in this study was the use of herbal medicine, while the dependent variable was the incidence of hypoglycemia. Results: About 41.4% of respondents used herbal medicine in addition to conventional drugs. Among those who consumed herbal medicine, 59.3% experienced hypoglycemia, while 24.4% did not take herbal medicine. The results showed a significant relationship between the use of herbal medicine and the incidence of hypoglycemia with a p-value of 0.0001. Conclusion: The use of herbal medicine increased the incidence of hypoglycemia.
Dynamics of urban growth in the Washington DC metropolitan area, 1973-1996, from Landsat observations

Like other human-induced landcover changes, urbanization represents a response to specific economic, demographic, or environmental conditions. We use the Washington D.C. area as a case study to relate satellite-derived estimates of urban growth to these economic and demographic drivers. Using the Landsat data archive we have created a three epoch timeseries for urban growth for the period 1973-1996. This map is based on a NDVI-differencing approach for establishing urban change filtered with a landcover classification to minimize confusion with agriculture. Results show that the built-up area surrounding Washington DC has expanded at a rate of ∼22km2 per year during this period, with notably higher growth during the late-1980s. Comparisons with census data indicate that the physical growth of the urban plan, observable from space, can be reasonably correlated with regional and national economic patterns.
Thermoluminescence Dating of Alluvial Sequences in Coastal Valleys of Southern New South Wales: Problems and potential

Because of its potential for establishing chronologies far beyond the range of C14 thermoluminescence (TL) dating has made a significant contribution to the study of the Quaternary history of many Australian landscapes. But, as the reliability of the technique requires the removal by sunlight of any residual TL from quartz grains during transport, inadequate bleaching may yield ages for depositional events that are too old. Inadequate bleaching often can be detected by the shape of curves showing the ratio of natural TL vs laboratory-induced TL with increasing temperature. We use this technique here, together with C 14 dating and pedogenic evidence, to assess the reliability of TL determinations for alluvium in the valleys of the Clyde River and Termeil Creek. The Pleistocene TL ages from these valleys seem reliable, but Holocene dates do not. However, we demonstrate that, even where inadequate bleaching is demonstrable, TL analysis can still yield important insight to depositional processes.
Landslides: Causes, consequences and environment

Abstract Michael Crozier has sent out to provide answers to a number of the basic questions which are asked about landslides, and to provide a critical review and synthesis of the present state of knowledge on the topic. The level of treatment and style of writing are appropriate for the understanding of most informed people who need general and specific information about landslides, rather than for the specialist in geomechanics.
On the Persistence of Decadal SST Anomalies in the North Atlantic

Abstract Historical wintertime sea surface temperature (SST) data show that a sandwich pattern dominates on the decadal timescales in the North Atlantic, at least after the 1970s. The authors investigated how such decadal SST anomalies can survive against local thermal feedback, which acts to dampen them rapidly. At the surface, winter SST anomalies have a negligible projection with the subsequent summer anomalies while they show a significant projection with the SST anomalies in the next winter. On the other hand, observed summer temperature anomalies below the mixed layer tend to have the same sign as the previous winter SST anomalies, although the magnitude of the former is roughly one-third of the latter. This suggests that a reemergence mechanism of SST anomalies associated with the seasonal cycle of the mixed layer depth (MLD), which has been verified by Alexander and Deser, helps maintain the decadal SST anomalies. In order to examine this scenario, a mixed layer model driven by daily atmospheric d.
A New Megaflora (Fossil Woods and Leaves) From the Miocene of Southwestern Patagonia

Abstract. A new megaflora composed of fossil woods and leaves is described. The bearing sediments overlie the Santa Cruz Formation (early Miocene), making it one of the youngest fossil megafloras described from southern Patagonia. The fossil woods is carbonized and found as clasts within a conglomerate. It includes a few specimens representing Araucariaceae (Agathoxylon sp.), Podocarpaceae (Phyllocladoxylon sp.), Cupressaceae (Cupressinoxylon sp.) and two indeterminable angiosperms with anatomical features consistent with Nothofagaceae. Most leaves are assigned to Nothofagaceae while a few specimens are related to Lauraceae, Typhaceae, Leguminosae, and a conifer. The recovered assemblage suggests a temperate climate similar to that of northern Patagonia today, inhabited by extant relatives of the fossils described herein.