Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tree As Bio-Indicator Of Automobile Pollution In Dehradun City: A Case Study

The plant species selected for the study were Ficus religiosa, Mangifera indica, Polyalthia longifolia, Delonix regia. Reduction in chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b', total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid, carotenoid, pH, relative water content and APTI was recorded in the leaf samples of all selected trees collected from polluted site when compared with samples from control area. The data obtained were further analyzed by using two-way ANOVA and also obtained significant changes in all these parameters was found in the leaf samples collected from polluted site trees, exposed to automobile exhaust in comparison to control site. There was maximum (43.36%) reduction of chlorophyll 'a' content in the leaves of Ficus religiosa and minimum (26.57%) reduction was in the Mangifera indica, while maximum (30.99%) carotenoid was depleted in Polyalthia longifolia and minimum (18.42%) depleted in Mangifera indica at polluted site as compared to control site. The maximum (44.67%) reduction of ascorbic acid was observed in the leaves of Delonix regia and minimum (22.93%) reduction was observed in the leaves of Polyalthia longifolia. (New York Science Journal 2010; 3(6):88-95). (ISSN 1554 - 0200).
The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: modelling of the luminosity and colour dependence in the Data Release 10

We investigate the luminosity and colour dependence of clustering of CMASS galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 10, focusing on projected correlation functions of well-defined samples extracted from the full catalogue of ∼540000 galaxies at z ∼ 0.5 covering about 6500 deg 2 . The halo occupation distributionframeworkisadoptedtomodelthemeasurementsonsmallandintermediatescales (from 0.02 to 60h −1 Mpc), infer the connection of galaxies to dark matter haloes and interpret the observed trends. We find that luminous red galaxies in CMASS reside in massive haloes of ¯
Surgical Management of Oro-Facial Clefts at a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Resource-Limited Setting: A Tanzanian Experience

Background: Orofacial clefts are the most common craniofacial anomalies in most parts of the world and its management remains a challenge to otorhinolaryngology, plastic/reconstructive, oral and maxillofacial surgeons practicing in resource limited countries. There is limited data on surgical management of these birth defects in Tanzania and Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in particular. This study aimed to describe our own experience regarding the surgical management of orofacial clefts at BMC, a tertiary care hospital in Tanzania. Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving all children with orofacial clefts that were treated at BMC between February 2019 and June 2019. Results: A total of 98 patients with orofacial clefts were recruited. Males outnumbered males by a male to female ratio of 1.7:1. The majority of patients (64.3%) were within 12 months at presentation. The median ages at surgery in patients with cleft lip and those with cleft palate were 3 [IQR, 2 to 8] and 11(IQR, 7 to 18) months, respectively. Orofacial clefts in association with congenital anomalies were recorded in 5(5.1%) patients. More than half of patients (55.1%) had combined cleft lip and palate. Unilateral clefts, 77(78.5%) were more common and showed left side preponderance in 52(53.1%) patients. All patients underwent cleft surgery under general anesthesia. Millard rotation advancement flap repair and von-Langenbeck were the most common techniques of cleft lip and palate repair performed in 42(52.5%) and 30 (41.7%) patients, respectively. The overall complication rate was 14.3% and the most common postoperative complications were bleeding, palatal fistula, wound dehiscence and surgical site infections in 6(31.6%), 4(21.1%) and 3(15.8%) each respectively. No death was recorded in this study. Among the 98 patients operated, 79 were treated successfully giving an overall success rate of 80.6%. The success rate was significantly influenced by nutrition status (p= 0.010), co-existing con
The ecology of tropical marine mussels and their control in industrial cooling water systems

Seasonal distribution and community succession of macrofoulants were studied using concrete panels in the coastal waters of Kalpakkam for a period of two years. The panels were suspended at 1 m, 4 m and 7 m depths and categorised into short-term and long-term exposures A total of 105 fouling species were recorded The major fouling organisms observed were hydroids, barnacles, mussels, anthozoans and ascidians. Considerable faunistic and biomass variations were noticed both with respect to season and depth The month of panel exposure had a significant influence on the succession of fouling communities. On the short-term panels, the maximum fouling biomass was 64 kg m in 30 days at 4 m depth, whereas on the long-term panels, it was 250 kg m after 216 days at 4 m depth A companson with the biomass values reported from elsewhere shows that biomass buildup in Kalpakkam coastal waters is one of the highest ever reported Such a very high biomass accumulation is due to the extremely dense settlement of mussels, especially the green mussel, Pema viridis (L).
Production, Manufacturing and Logistics Lot-sizing two-echelon assembly systems with random yields and rigid demand

We consider a two-echelon assembly system producing a single final product for which the demand is known. The first echelon consists of several parallel stages, whereas the second echelon consists of a single assembly stage. We assume that the yield at each stage is random and that demand needs to be satisfied in its entirety; thus, several production runs may be required. A production policy should specify, for each possible configuration of intermediate inventories, on which stage to produce next and the lot size to be processed. The objective is to minimize the expected total of setup and variable production costs. We prove that the expected cost of any production policy can be calculated by solving a finite set of linear equations whose solution is unique. The result is general in that it applies to any yield distribution. We also develop efficient algorithms leading to heuristic solutions with high precision and, as an example, provide numerical results for binomial yields.
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics The price of reverse factoring : Financing rates vs . payment delays

Reverse factoring—a financial arrangement where a corporation facilitates early payment of its trade credit obligations to suppliers—is increasingly popular in industry. Many firms use the scheme to induce their suppliers to grant them more lenient payment terms. By means of a periodic review base stock model that includes alternative sources of financing, we explore the following question: what extensions of payment terms allow the supplier to benefit from reverse factoring? We obtain solutions by means of simulation optimisation. We find that an extension of payment terms induces a non-linear financing cost for the supplier, beyond the opportunity cost of carrying additional receivables. Furthermore, we find that the size of the payment term extension that a supplier can accommodate depends on demand uncertainty and the cost structure of the supplier. Overall, our results show that the financial implications of an extension of payment terms need careful assessment in stochastic settings. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. i i v c C 2 r i 2 m w o f t a l t t l b c C v b t
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics A hybrid evolutionary algorithm for the periodic location-routing problem

0377-2217/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.ejor. 2010.09. 021 ⇑ Tel. : +33 3 25 718447; fax: +33 3 25 715649. E-mail address: caroline.prodhon@utt.fr The well-known vehicle routing problem (VRP) has been studied in depth over the last decades. Nowadays, generalizations of VRP have been developed for tactical or strategic decision levels of companies but not both. The tactical extension or periodic VRP (PVRP) plans a set of trips over a multiperiod horizon, subject to frequency constraints. The strategic extension is motivated by interdependent depot location and routing decisions in most distribution systems. Low-quality solutions are obtained if depots are located first, regardless of the future routes. In the location-routing problem (LRP), location and routing decisions are tackled simultaneously. Here for the first time, except for some conference papers, the goal is to combine the PVRP and LRP into an even more realistic problem covering all decision levels: the periodic LRP or PLRP. A hybrid evolutionary algorithm is proposed to solve large size instances of the PLRP. First, an individual representing an assignment of customers to combinations of visit days is randomly generated. The evolution operates through an Evolutionary Local Search (ELS) on visit day assignments. The algorithm is hybridized with a heuristic based on the Randomized Extended Clarke and Wright Algorithm (RECWA) to create feasible solutions and stops when a given number of iterations is reached. The method is evaluated over three sets of instances, and solutions are compared to the literature on particular cases such as one-day horizon (LRP) or one depot (PVRP). This metaheuristic outperforms the previous methods for the PLRP. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics Ordering policy and coordination of a supply chain with two-period demand uncertainty

0377-2217/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.ejor. 2011.06. 015 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel. : +86 25 83686733. E-mail addresses: kbchen@nuaa.edu. cn (K. Chen), x We develop a two-period game model of a one-manufacturer and one-retailer supply chain to investigate the optimal decisions of the players, where stock-out and holding costs are incorporated into the model. The demand at each period is stochastic and price sharply drops in mid-life. We assume the retailer has a single order opportunity, and decides how much inventory to keep in the middle of selling season. We show that both the price-protection mid-life and end-of-life returns (PME) scheme and the only mid-life and end-of-life returns (ME) scheme may achieve channel coordination and access a ‘win–win’ situation under some conditions. The larger the lowest expected profit of the retailer, the lower the possibility of ‘win–win’ situation will be. Combined with the analysis of feasible regions for coordination policies, we find that PME scheme is not always better than ME scheme from the perspective of implementable mechanism. Finally, we find that adopting the dispose-down-to (DDT) policy can bring a larger improvement of the expected channel profit in the centralized setting, and it is interesting that by using DDT policy, double marginalization occurs only at Period 1, and however, does not plague the retailer in Period 2. 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics The optimal and heuristic solutions of a distribution network

Competitive environment of global networking and customization call for cost reduction in arborescent (tree-like) inventory system. One of the keys to cost reduction is the integration of the supply chain. Much practical research has been done in the area of integrating the inventory system in recent years. Integration involves the joint decision making among the producer, the distributors and the retailers in the supply chain. By revising Goyal s model, an optimal solution is derived in this paper. A heuristic solution model is also developed for a producer–distributors–retailers inventory system using the principle of strategic partnership. Numerical results indicate the heuristic solution is a good estimation of the optimal solution. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Geophysical inversion for contact surfaces

Geologists’ interpretations about the Earth typically involve distinct rock units with contacts between them. We are researching inversion methods for recovering Earth models that fit that scenario better than the smooth models recovered through standard minimum-structure inversions. The first method is to perform a minimum-structure style of inversion but encourage the recovery of sharp features. We use unstructured meshes for this purpose because they can provide a more flexible and efficient generation of complicated geological structures. We are also researching fundamentally different approaches for parameterizing 3D contact surfaces that can more efficiently and flexibly emphasize distinct rock units. These include the use of level sets, spherical harmonics and tessellated wireframes to represent contacts. Working with these fundamentally different parameterizations of the Earth’s subsurface requires different computational methods to solve the forward and inverse problems including global optimization methods such as particle swarm optimization.
Influence of Horizontal Coopetition in Outbound Logistics on the Profitability of Micro and Small Enterprises: A Case of Arusha Handicraft Industry

This study assessed the influence of horizontal coopetition in outbound logistics on the profitability of micro and small enterprises in the handicraft industry using the Theory of Coopetition and Resource Dependence Theory as theoretical frameworks. The horizontal coopetition in outbound logistics is hypothesized to influence profitability, and the resource interdependence between the MSEs was thought to moderate the influence. A sample of 159 MSEs from a population of 297 MSEs in Arusha, Tanzania took part in the study, using a stratified random sampling method. A survey approach was used to collect the data, which were quantitatively analysed using the moderated multiple linear regression (MLR) model to test the hypotheses. The results before and after moderation revealed that horizontal coopetition in outbound logistics had a positive and significant influence on the profitability of the MSE. After the introduction of the moderator, the resource interdependence had no statistically significant moderation influence in the way horizontal coopetition in outbound logistics influenced the MSE profitability. The study had contextual limitations of generalization even in MSEs engaged in the handicraft industry. More research needs to be done in a rural setting, involving more variables of horizontal coopetition in outbound logistics, and factoring in the MSE attributes as moderators. It is recommended that similar studies be conducted in more tourist areas. More empirical data on horizontal coopetition from industry-specific MSEs are recommended to vindicate what was generated in this study since it would add more understanding and knowledge to the theory of coopetition.
Robustness of the Nonlinear Climate Response to ENSO’s Extreme Phases

Abstract Analysis of a suite of atmospheric GCM experiments for 1950–94 shows that both the tropical and the extratropical wintertime climate respond nonlinearly with respect to opposite phases of ENSO. Such behavior is found to be reproducible among four different GCMs studied and confirms that several observed asymmetries in wintertime anomalies with respect to ENSO phases are symptomatic of nonlinearity rather than sampling error. Nonlinearity in the tropical Pacific rainfall response is related to an SST threshold for convection that leads to saturation at modestly cold SST forcing but a linear increase for warmer SST forcing. A spatial shift in the rainfall response is also a feature of the various GCMs’ nonlinear behavior, that is, accentuated by the large zonal gradient of climatological SSTs across the equatorial Pacific and the fact that convection responds to the total rather than the anomalous SST. Regarding upper-tropospheric teleconnection responses over the Pacific–North American region, non.
Simulated Seismic Loading of Spandrel Beams

The most critical components of coupled shear wall structures are the short and often relatively deep spandrel beams, formed between door or window openings. These may be subject to high intensity alternating flexure in the presence of large shear forces when the structure is exposed to seismic disturbances. The behavior of these beams, when subjected to monotonic one way loading, was previously reported by the writer. In this paper the more interesting features of the performance of relatively deep spandrel beams, subjected to seismic type of alternating static loading, are presented. In the experiments the performance of the flexural reinforcement, the deterioration of the stirrups with high intensity alternating loading was observed. The principal modes of failure were identified and the stiffness degradations were evaluated from rotational measurements. Some evidence is presented with respect to the available ductilities for two types of steel arrangement and the effectiveness of beam repair.
Whose Nature?: Exploring the Link Between Wilderness, Belonging and Residential Summer Camp Use among Canadian Immigrants

This study reviews the relationship between a national identity in Canada based on wilderness and the exclusionary experience of immigrants and racialized groups. In particular, this study focuses on the opinions and experiences of immigrant parents towards residential summer camps, as they have long been considered a typically ‘Canadian’ activity for youth. While summer camps are an activity dominated by youth, immigrant parents were chosen as a sample group because they play a large role in mitigating the summer recreational experiences of their children. Feelings of belonging and exclusion experienced by parents are important when evaluating issues of child socialization into Canadian norms. Included are the results of qualitative interviews with immigrant parents alongside several theoretical frameworks that assist in explaining the under-representation of immigrant groups in both residential summer camps and wilderness-based recreational pursuits more broadly.
Numerical simulation of plug formation during casing installation of cast-in-place concrete pipe (PCC) piles

There is a historic lack of research examining inner soil plugging and outer lateral soil deformation during installation of pipe piles in clay. Furthermore, the influence of the pile tip geometry on soil deformation has not been investigated. Cast-in-place concrete pipe (PCC) piles are a recent generation of pipe piles for soft ground improvement applications, and are cast in place using an innovative double-walled steel casing with a tapered tip. This paper investigates the effect of tip geometry on soil flow mechanisms inside and outside the PCC pile casing during installation in clay. Large-deformation finite element (LDFE) analysis was conducted simulating the continuous penetration process of the casing installation. The LDFE results were validated against (i) field monitoring data in terms of soil lateral displacement and heave outside the casing and (ii) centrifuge test data in terms of penetration resistance, with excellent agreement obtained. An extensive parametric study was then performed enco.
Spatial variation in soil resistance to flowing water erosion along a regional transect in the Loess Plateau

The factors influencing soil erosion may vary with scale. It remains unclear whether the spatial variation in soil erosion resistance is controlled by regional variables (e.g. precipitation, temperature, and vegetation zone) or by local specific variables (e.g. soil properties, root traits, land use, and farming operations) when the study area enlarges from a hillslope or catchment to the regional scale. This study was performed to quantify the spatial variations in soil erosion resistance to flowing water under three typical land uses along a regional transect on the Loess Plateau and to identify whether regional or local specific variables are responsible for these changes. The results indicated that the measured soil detachment capacities (Dc) of cropland exhibited an irregular trend along the regional transect. The Dc of grassland increased with mean annual precipitation, except for two sites (Yijun and Erdos). The measured Dc of woodland displayed an inverted ‘U’ shape. The changes in rill erodibility (Kr) of three land uses were similar to Dc, whereas no distinguishable trend was found for critical shear stress (τc). No significant correlation was detected between Dc, Kr and τc, and the regional variables. The spatial variation in soil erosion resistance could be explained reasonably by changes in soil properties, root traits, land use, and farming operations, rather than regional variables. The adjustment coefficient of Kr for grassland and woodland could be well simulated by soil cohesion and root mass density (R2 = 0.70, P < 0.01), and the adjustment coefficient of critical shear stress could be estimated with aggregate stability (R2 = 0.57, P < 0.01). The results are helpful for quantifying the spatial variation in soil detachment processes by overland flow and to develop process‐based erosion model at a regional scale. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring seasonal and annual wetland changes in a freshwater marsh with SPOT HRV data

Eleven dates of SPOT HRV data along with near-concurrent vertical aerial photographic and phenological data for 1987, 1988, and 1989 were evaluated to determine seasonal and annual changes in a 400-hectare, southeastern freshwater marsh. Early April through mid-May was the best time to discriminate among the cypress (Taxodium distichum)/water tupelo (Nyssa acquatica) swamp forest and the non-persistent (Ludwigia spp.) and persistent (Typha spp.) stands in this wetlands. Furthermore, a ten-fold decrease in flow rate from 11 cubic meters per sec (cms) in 1987 to one cms in 1988 was recorded in the marsh followed by a shift to drier wetland communities. The Savannah River Site (SRS), maintained by the US Department of Energy, is a 777 km{sup 2} area located in south central South Carolina. Five tributaries of the Savannah River run southwest through the SRS and into the floodplain swamp of the Savannah River. This paper describes the use of SPOT HRV data to monitor seasonal and annual trends in one of these swamp deltas, Pen Branch Delta, during a three-year period, 1987--1989.
Second language writing and literary reading in university: three empirical studies

Het leren van Engels als tweede taal is voor Aziatische en Vietnamese studenten zinvol en effectief als rekening wordt gehouden met een aantal uitdagingen, die meestal worden veroorzaakt door hun historische en culturele achtergrond. Phuong Nam Nguyen onderzocht hoe leeractiviteiten bij Aziatische en Vietnamese studenten kunnen bijdragen aan het genereren van ideeen en betrokkenheid van het lezen van het Engels. In overeenstemming met de essentiele eisen van Vietnam in het nieuwe tijdperk van een open, wereldwijde georienteerde economie, zijn Vietnamese studenten verplicht om de standaard van het lezen en schrijven op academisch niveau van een vreemde taal te bereiken. Echter, Vietnamese studenten met hun op Azie gerichte cultuur hebben hun eigen concepten van academisch lezen en schrijven die verschillen van wat wordt verwacht lezen en schrijven in het Engels.