Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trauma, self-stigma, and visual narrative: participatory research in Shinchimachi, Fukushima, following Japan’s 2011 nuclear disaster

This research employs visual narrative as a tool in processing past trauma and perceptions of an irradiated, contaminated and contagious stigma that created social barriers for residents of Fukushima Prefecture in a post-nuclear disaster context. Residents from Shinchimachi, a village 50km north of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, felt that the media’s limited portrayal of their village diminished their lived experiences and they began to be identified by the post-nuclear disaster narrative. This research seeks to determine if visual narration of their own story could empower trauma victims by allowing them to create the story they deem real, offering a space to converse in a small-group setting, and aiding their understanding of their shared experience. A gap exists in current participatory visual methods research, few delving into participants’ resulting internal changes. In the present study, participants’ visual narratives illustrated internal shifts: their memories of the disaster, concerns and hopes, and day-to-day realities of living with a stigma imposed by outsiders and their internalization of it. Findings argue for a new term, visual self-narrative, derived from photographs, captions and photo-elicitation interviews, in order to illustrate changes that occur from the reflective process of visually narrating one’s own story.
Manganese equilibrium in submerged sodic soils as influenced by application of gypsum and green manuring

Summary A pot experiment studied the effect of gypsum and green manuring on equilibrium soil solution pH, pE, Mn concentration and Mn equilibrium in three sodic soils. Submergence decreased soil solution pH and increased Mn concentration in all the soils. Addition of gypsum with green manure further decreased soil solution pH and increased Mn concentration. Maximum Mn concentration in all the treatments was observed at 4 weeks of submergence in Kaheru soil and at 6 weeks of submergence in Jagjitpur and Langrian soil followed by a decline up to 12 weeks. In spite of wide variations in pH, pE and Mn concentration in soil solutions, the solubility of Mn after peak values appeared to be mainly controlled by the MnC03-Mn2+ system irrespective of the treatments, and the Mn2O3-Mn3O4 system appeared to operate after 2 weeks of submergence in the control and gypsum-treated soils.
Changing Views of Arctic Protists (Marine Microbial Eukaryotes) in a Changing Arctic

Advances in sequencing technology and the environmental genomic approaches have brought attention to the vastness of protist biodiversity. While over much of the world's oceans the species and phylotypes making up this diversity are assumed to be something previously hidden and now revealed, the recent rapid changes in the Arctic mean that such assumptions may be a simplification. Historical morphological species data can be used to validate new records provided that more of these species are identified using standard molecular markers. Environmental surveys can also go further by identifying species over regions, seasons and depths. High throughput sequencing and bioinformatics tools provide a means of monitoring and eventually predicting the consequences of change. We give an example of how microbial eukaryote communities differ over pan-arctic scales, emphasizing the need for additional sampling and the need for caution in extrapolating the results of one region to the entire Arctic.
Effect of auxin precursors and chemical analogues on the growth and chemical composition in Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick

In this paper the authors present studies on the effect of auxin precursors and chemical analogues on the growth and biochemical composition in Chlorella pyrenoidosa ( Chlorophyceae ). Among auxin precursors tryptamine exhibited slightly higher stimulative activity in regard to fresh and dry weight, mineral substances, chlorophylls, carotenoids, monosaccharides (aldohexoses) and water-soluble proteins content in Ch. pyrenoidosa cells as compared to anthranilic acid. Among auxin analogues used phenoxyacetic acid and naphthyl-3-acetic acid had the strongest stimulative effect of the above-mentioned parameters. Their activity was significantly higher than that of auxin precursors. The activity of naphthyl-3-sulphonic acid was slightly lower than that of tryptamine, whereas the stimulation by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was similar to that of anthranilic acid. In Ch. pyrenoidosa cells 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and naphthyl-3-sulphonic reached their maximum activity at the latest (between the 15th or 16th day) of the culturing, whereas tryptamine, phenylacetic acid, naphthyl-3-acetic acid and indolyl-3-acetic acid - at the earliest (between the 8th or 12th) day.
Microsatellite markers for European Daphnia

We present 32 polymorphic microsatellite markers for species of the European Daphnia longispina group: D. galeata , D. hyalina , D. rosea , D. cucullata and D. curvirostris . Microsatellite markers were either isolated from genomic libraries or optimized based on previously published sequence information of sister taxa. Cross-species tests revealed that all but one of the polymorphic markers are applicable to more than one species, which allows intra- and interspecific genetic studies on, i.e. population structure, hybridization events and introgression.
Seasonal changes of fish diversity in the main channel of the large lowland River Oder

Between June 1998 and May 2000 an adult fish sampling was carried out in the lowland River Oder using bottom otter trawls in the mid channel and electric fishing at the shorelines. This study focused on the lateral connectivity between mid channel and river margins with the aim to characterize the importance of mid-channel sections as fish habitat. Altogether 15 660 fish of 30 species were sampled, 8169 fish of 20 species in the mid-channel section and 7491 fish of 27 species at the shoreline. At the shoreline we observed significantly higher fish densities (345.4 ± 51.8 fish per 1000 m 3 compared to 5.2 ± 1.0, mean ± standard error) and numbers of species (11.1 ± 0.5, respectively, 5.2 ± 0.3), However, three species were exclusively in the mid channel and a further six more frequent there. The mid channel was dominated by silver bream (Abramis bjoerkna) representing 75.6% of the total catch. It was generally colonized by bigger fish (22.1 ±0.12 cm total length compared to 13.0±0.08 cm). According to the observed significant habitat preferences, we classified a guild of potamal species, which shift during their first year of life to mid-channel habitats and exhibited the highest relative abundance there. To this guild belong the following species: silver bream, common bream (Abramis brama), blue bream (Abramis ballerus), whitefin gudgeon (Gobio albipinnatus), zander (Sander lucioperca) and wels (Silurus glanis).
Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E1∧E4 Contributes to Multiple Facets of the Papillomavirus Life Cycle

ABSTRACT The life cycle of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is tightly linked to the differentiation program of the host's stratified epithelia that it infects. E1∧E4 is a viral protein that has been ascribed multiple biochemical properties of potential biological relevance to the viral life cycle. To identify the role(s) of the viral E1∧E4 protein in the HPV life cycle, we characterized the properties of HPV type 16 (HPV16) genomes harboring mutations in the E4 gene in NIKS cells, a spontaneously immortalized keratinocyte cell line that when grown in organotypic raft cultures supports the HPV life cycle. We learned that E1∧E4 contributes to the replication of the viral plasmid genome as a nuclear plasmid in basal cells, in which we also found E1∧E4 protein to be expressed at low levels. In the suprabasal compartment of organotypic raft cultures harboring E1∧E4 mutant HPV16 genomes there were alterations in the frequency of suprabasal cells supporting DNA synthesis, the levels of viral DNA amplification, and the degree to which the virus perturbs differentiation. Interestingly, the comparison of the phenotypes of various mutations in E4 indicated that the E1∧E4 protein-encoding requirements for these various processes differed. These data support the hypothesis that E1∧E4 is a multifunctional protein and that the different properties of E1∧E4 contribute to different processes in both the early and late stages of the virus life cycle.
Composantes chimiques des eaux courantes. Discussion et proposition de classes en tant que bases d'interprétation des analyses chimiques

16 composantes physico-chimiques des eaux courantes sont discutees a partir des resultats d'environ 12 000 analyses effectuees de 1960 a 1970 dans les cours d'eau francais et de l'examen d'une abondante documentation relative aux travaux europeens. Apres l'examen des localisations et des significations de valeurs particulieres, des classes sont proposees pour chaque parametre en tant que reperes et bases d'interpretation des analyses chimiques.
Karyological Analysis of Representatives of the Genus Plecotus Geoffroy, 1818 (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

SUMMARYKaryometric analysis was made of two palaearctic species of bats: Plecotus auritus and Plecotus austriacus. In both species the number of chromosomes was shown to be identical (2N=32) and also the number of arms of the chromosomes (NF = 54, NFa = 50). The relative length of chromosomes in both species are not significantly different. Significant differences, however, were found in the position of centromeres for three pairs of autosomes and X-chromosomes.On the basis of karyological comparisons of palaearctic and nearctic species of the genus Plecotus and palaeontological data, the possible ways of evolution of their karyotypes are discussed.
Experimental evidence for an impact of anthropogenic noise on dawn chorus timing in urban birds

Many animal species are living in urban areas, where they encounter human-altered environmental conditions. Artificial light and traffic noise are two of the most prominent anthropogenic factors, both of which potentially affect animal life. Here we studied the changes in traffic noise conditions over the morning in the urban bird habitat of the city of Seville, Spain. We tested experimentally whether noise from human activities can cause a shift in the timing of birdsong activity. Our data revealed that noise conditions vary markedly among our replicate set of twelve streets. Relatively quiet streets show low base-line amplitude levels early in the morning, with frequent events of brief noise bursts, followed by a strong rise in noise levels. Relatively noisy streets have high base-line amplitude levels from a much earlier start in the morning. Experimental exposure data revealed a noise-related earlier start of dawn singing for two out of six species: the spotless starling Sturnus unicolor and the house sparrow Passer domesticus. Our experiment did not cover earlier singing species and revealed no impact for species with more-variable starting times of the dawn singing. Our study provides more insight into the intertwinings of bird and human behavior and confirms the potential for experimental approaches to successfully tackle questions related to the impact of anthropogenic factors on animal life in cities.
Comparative Floret Development in Stipa tortilis and Oryzopsis miliacea (Gramineae)

Lemmas, paleas, ventral lodicules and carpels of Stipa tortilis and Oryzopsis miliacea are leaflike in mode of initiation and early growth. The stamens are stemlike, and the ovule develops directly from the floret apical meristem and seems best interpreted as being stem borne Both the dorsal lodicules and the calluses are unique in initiation and growth and are best interpreted as organs sui generis. The major developmental differences between the two taxa are seen in the awn, lemma, callus, and gynoecium Features seen in S tortilis, which are lacking in O miliacea are (1) many cell divisions in the protoderm and ground meristem in the awn and lemma-apex, (2) periclinal divisions giving ridges in the frontal plane of the lemma-apex, (3) early differentiation of sclerenchyma mother cells in the awn, (4) a tremendous amount of cell enlargement in the ground meristem of the callus, and (5) more rapid development of the gynoecium It is possible to divide the developmental differences between taxa into qualitative (due to a specific developmental phenomenon occurring in one taxon but not in a comparable morphological position in another taxon) and quantitative (due to different amounts of a specific developmental phenomenon occurring in comparable morphological positions in different taxa) It is speculated that qualitative differences are the result of the activity of different batteries of genes There are flowers, other than in grasses, with stemlike stamens and caulinary ovules or placentae This indicates that there is more than one basic type of flower or that the flower has evolved more than once This is not totally unexpected, since many other functional plant features have evolved more than once It is possible to have more than one type of flower and yet have the Angiospermae remain as an intact, natural taxon Because plants are developmentally very simple, it is not surprising to see some similarities among different plant organs However, these similarities have no great "morphological significance"
TheSTUDGene Is Required for Male-Specific Cytokinesis after Telophase II of Meiosis inArabidopsis thaliana

During male meiosis in wild-type Arabidopsis the pollen mother cell (PMC) undergoes two meiotic nuclear divisions in the absence of cell division. Only after telophase II is a wall formed which partitions the PMC into four microspores. Each microspore undergoes two subsequent mitotic divisions to produce one vegetative cell and two sperm cells in the mature pollen grain. In this paper we describe the isolation and the phenotypic characterization of mutations in the STUD (STD) gene, which is specifically required for male-specific cytokinesis after telophase II of meiosis. Although the male meiotic nuclear divisions are normal in std mutant plants, no walls are formed resulting in a tetranucleate microspore. Despite the absence of cell division in the PMC, postmeiotic development in the coenocytic microspore proceeds relatively normally, resulting in the formation of large pollen grains which contain four vegetative nuclei and up to eight sperm cells. Interestingly, these enlarged pollen grains which contain multiple vegetative nuclei and extra sperm cells behave as single male gametophytes, producing only single pollen tubes and resulting in partial male fertility in std mutant plants. Characterization of the process of pollen development and pollen function in std mutants thus reveals two different types of developmental regulation. Each of the four nuclei found in a std microspore following meiosis is capable of independently undergoing the complete mitotic cell division (including cytokinesis) which the single nucleus of a wild-type microspore would normally undertake. The ability of the four meiotic products to independently continue through mitosis does not depend on their division into separate cells, but is controlled by some subcellular component found within the coenocytic microspore. By contrast, the mature std pollen grain functions as a unit and produces only a single pollen tube despite the presence of multiple nuclei within the vegetative cell, suggesting that this process is controlled at the cellular level independently of the extra subcellular components.
Genetic Parameters for Functional Longevity, Type Traits, Somatic Cell Scores, Milk Flow and Production in the Italian Brown Swiss

The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for a set of new traits and to update values for production and morphological traits to be used in the selection index of Italian Brown Swiss dairy cattle. Longevity, milking speed and somatic cell scores (SCS) were considered for inclusion in the selection index, and (co)variances with all traits of the selection index were estimated. SCS was considered on a lactation basis while milk flow, the amount of milk (kg) released per time unit (minute), was measured with a flowmeter. Cow functional longevity was the total herd life corrected for the production level. A total of 127,416 first lactation records of cows calving from 1985 to 2003 were considered. In order to maximize the number of records available for each combination of traits, 9 data sets were created. Estimates were obtained from multivariate linear sire models with equal design matrix in subsequent separated analysis. REML algorithms and canonical transformation were used to calculate (co)variance estimates among all traits: functional longevity, milking speed, SCS, 5 production traits (milk, fat and protein yield, fat and protein percent), and 19 type traits. Heritabilities estimated were 0.14±0.02 for SCS, 0.33±0.07 for milk flow, and 0.04±0.01 for functional longevity. Genetic correlation values between SCS and milk yield, fat percent and protein percent were 0.18±0.09, −0.19±0.08, and −0.22±0.08, respectively. Functional longevity had a strong positive genetic correlation with udder depth (0.42±0.10) but a negative correlation with rear leg set (−0.56±0.10). Milk flow was positively correlated with most of the production measures: 0.30±0.18 with milk yield, 0.24±0.17 with fat yields, 0.16±0.20 with protein yield. Additionally, milk flow was genetically correlated with some type traits (0.53±0.14 rear udder width, 0.40±0.16 hock quality, 0.32±0.15 rump angle, −0.25±0.19 udder depth). The correlation between SCS and milk flow showed a value of 0.46±0.26, indicating that faster cows are more susceptible to mastitis.
Influence of Chemically-Modified Potato Starch (RS Type 4) on the Nutritional and Physiological Indices of Rats

Influence of Chemically-Modified Potato Starch (RS Type 4) on the Nutritional and Physiological Indices of Rats A biological study was undertaken to analyse the metabolic effect of feeding rats with an experimental diet in which cellulose was substituted with 20% contribution of chemically-modified potato starches (subjected to oxidation, esterification, cross-linking and dual modification). Caecum digesta mass was significantly higher in rats fed the experimental potato starch preparations compared to control group. Luminal ammonia concentration and pH of caecal or colonic content were lower as an effect of diets with all the investigated preparations. Compared to the cellulose-containing diet (control), all modified potato starch preparations raised the content of SCFA in caecum digesta when fed to rats. Significant lowering of the levels of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol was noticed for all chemically-modified starch preparations. The activity of β-glucuronidase determined upon the administration of potato starch preparations into rat diets was significantly lower as compared to the control diet. The results indicate that the chemically-modified potato starch preparations are a good substrate for the intestinal microecosystem and may promote the beneficial status of the gastrointestinal tract of rats.
THE INFLUENCE OF LONG TERM SOUND STRESS ON HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF BROILER'S ADRENAL GLANDS

The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of different sound stress duration on adrenal gland of broiler chickens of different age. The experiments were conducted on 90 HYBRO broiler chickens, divided into nine groups (each group consisting of 10 birds) by different age and lenght of sound stress duration. The chickens were exposed to sound stress in sound attenuated building using a fire alarm bell (95 dB) for stress sessions lasted 120 min every day. The histological structure of adrenal gland was analyzed by light microscopy. The results indicate that adrenal gland is sensitive on this kind of stress and sound as stressor could introduce organism in stress reaction. Adrenal glands of broilers exposed to sound stress characterized by marked hyperemia, hypertrophy of interrenal cells, smaller affinity for staining of chromaffin cells compared with control groups. According to our results, degree of histological changes of adrenal gland under the influence of sound stress depends on the length of exposure and age of chickens.
Qualidade e valor nutritivo da silagem de três cultivares de milheto

Com o objetivo de determinar o valor nutritivo da silagem de milheto [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown], conduziu-se um experimento, nas dependencias do Departamento de Zootecnia da UFLA, utilizando o milheto estabelecido em um Latossolo Vermelho Distroferrico tipico textura muito argilosa. Os tratamentos constituiram-se de tres cultivares (BRS 1501, BN 1 e Comum) e tres idades de corte, 70, 90 e 110 dias, para silagem, semeados em novembro/2003. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, constituindo-se em fatorial com 3 x 3 (3 cultivares x 3 idades de corte), com 3 repeticoes. Foram avaliados os teores de MS, PB, pH, N-NH3 (% N total), FDN e FDA. Para as silagens, houve diferencas significativas entre as idades de corte para os teores de MS, PB, nitrogenio amoniacal e pH, variando de 21,34 a 36,83%, 7,13 a 9,50%, 1,21 a 1,38% e 3,48 a 3,77, respectivamente. Para a producao de silagem de milheto, o cultivar BN 1 semeado em novembro deve ser colhido aos 90 dias de idade, por ter superado os demais cultivares em composicao bromatologica.
The use of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in poultry nutrition

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a by-product of the ethanol industry produced by dry mill ethanol plants. During the fermentation process starch from the grain is converted to ethanol and CO2, concentrating the remaining nutrients in DDGS by 2–3 times. In the European Union the favoured use of renewable energy sources has encouraged increased production of biofuels. The increase of bio-ethanol production has resulted in large quantities of DDGS entering the feed raw material market. Because of its high nutrient quality, related to the typically gentle drying and processing it receives, DDGS obtained from the modern ethanol industry may be used as a feed for monogastric animals with good results. The main problem in the use of DDGS for poultry is its high variability of nutrient content and availability. Results from different laboratories on the use of DDGS as feed component for poultry are discussed in the article. Based on the results presented, DDGS obtained from the modern ethanol plants is an acceptable ingredient of poultry diets and can be safely fed at 5–8% in starter diets for broilers and turkey, and 12–15% in grower-finisher diets for broiler and turkey and diets for laying hens.
THE EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL IN ARTIFICIAL DIET ON THE GROWTH and DEVELOPMENT OF HELIOTHIS PUNCTIGERA WALLENGREN AND H. ARMIGERA (HUBNER) (LEP1DOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

The effect of gossypol on the growth and development of Heliothis punctigera and H. armigera was investigated by incorporating gossypol in an artificial diet. Increased gossypol concentrations resulted in a decrease in the weights of larvae, pupae and adults, and an increase in the larval development period of both species. Increased gossypol concentrations extended the duration of the pupal stage of H. punctigera but slightly reduced that of H. armigera. Low gossypol concentrations had little effect on survival, but high concentrations resulted in high mortality of both species.