Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salt stress reduces root meristem size by nitric oxide-mediated modulation of 31 auxin accumulation and signaling in Arabidopsis 32

91 The development of the plant root system is highly plastic, which allows the plant to 92 adapt to various environmental stresses. Salt stress inhibits root elongation by reducing the size of the root meristem. However, the mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. In this study, we explored whether and how auxin and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in salt-mediated inhibition of root meristem growth in Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) using physiological, pharmacological, and genetic 97 approaches. We found that salt stress significantly reduced root meristem size by 98 down-regulating the expression of PINs , thereby reducing auxin levels. In addition, 99 salt stress promoted AXR3/IAA17 stabilization, which repressed auxin signaling 100 during this process. Furthermore, salt stress stimulated NO accumulation, whereas 101 blocking NO production with the inhibitor N ω -nitro-L-Arg-methylester (L-NAME) 102 compromised the salt-mediated reduction of root meristem size, PIN down-regulation 103 and stabilization of AXR3/IAA17, indicating that NO is involved in salt-mediated 104 inhibition of root meristem growth. Taken together, these findings suggest that salt 105 stress inhibits root meristem growth by repressing PIN expression (thereby reducing 106 auxin levels) and stabilizing IAA17 (thereby repressing auxin signaling) via 107 increasing NO levels. 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 116 117 In this we that stress significantly down-regulated the expression of PINs and promoted AXR3/IAA17 Furthermore, the salt-mediated reduction in root meristem size. Our results support a model in which salt stress reduces root meristem size by increasing NO accumulation, which represses PIN expression and stabilizes IAA17, thereby reducing auxin levels and repressing auxin signaling.
A Novel Mitogen-Inducible Gene Product Related to p50/p105-NF-KB Participates in Transactivation through a KB Site

A Rel-related, mitogen-inducible, KB-binding protein has been cloned as an immediate-early activation gene of human peripheral blood T cells. The cDNA has an open reading frame of 900 amino acids capable of encoding a 97-kDa protein. This protein is most similar to the 105-kDa precursor polypeptide of p50-NF-KB. Like the 105-kDa precursor, it contains an amino-terminal Rel-related domain of about 300 amino acids and a carboxy-terminal domain containing six full cell cycle or ankyrin repeats. In vitro-translated proteins, truncated downstream of the Rel domain and excluding the repeats, bind KB sites. We refer to the KB-binding, truncated protein as p5OB by analogy with p5O-NF-KB and to the full-length protein as p97. p5OB is able to form heteromeric KB-binding complexes with RelB, as well as with p65 and p50, the two subunits of NF-KB. Transient-transfection experiments in embryonal carcinoma cells demonstrate a functional cooperation between p5OB and RelB or p65 in transactivation of a reporter plasmid dependent on a KB site. The data imply the existence of a complex family of NF-KB-like transcription factors.
OP-ICVA220138 1..8

OBJECTIVES: Preoperative selection bias led to the inability to generalize the proposed benefit of subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (SVATS) as having less postoperative pain than uniportal intercostal VATS. So, we conducted this prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial to investigate the hypothesis that SVATS may have less early postoperative pain than UVATS in patients who undergo major lung resection for early-stage lung cancer. METHODSA total of: 262 patients were randomly allocated between 2 groups (each with 131 patients), the first being the UVATS group and the second being the SVATS group. The values indicated on the numerical rating scale (NRS) of pain were collected at 24 h and 48 h during rest and during coughing. In addition, different perioperative variables were analysed and compared between the 2 groups. TH O R A C IC VC The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, 2022, 35(1), ivac133 ORIGINAL ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivac133 Advance Access publication 17 May 2022 RESULTS: Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the type of surgical approach was a significant predictor of the postoperative NRS values. The postoperative NRS pain values were significantly lower in the SVATS group after 24 h during rest and coughing and after 48 h during coughing. Postoperatively, patients in the SVATS group got out of bed significantly earlier [16.37 (2.54) vs 18.05 (3.29) h, p < 0.001]. The SVATS group showed a significantly higher rate of intraoperative arrhythmia [20 (15.3%) vs 3 (2.3%) patients, p = 0.03]. CONCLUSIONS: SVATS major pulmonary resection in early-stage lung cancer is associated with less early postoperative pain than the UVATS approach. Operating on patients with cardiac problems using the SVATS approach is still a limiting factor for randomization due to the potential compression on the heart with resulting arrhythmia. Clinical trial registration: The trial was registered under clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT03331588. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT03331588.
Note on Schröder's functional equation

In the present paper we are concerned with Schröder's functional equation , where ϕ(x) is the unknown function and is a number between 0 and 1: . We shall prove a theorem which generalizes some earlier results on convex solutions of the Schröder equation [4], [5].
Rôle des états de Rydberg dans la dynamique de photoionisation et de formation de paires d’ions (NO+,O-) de la molécule NO2 : photoémission induite par rayonnement synchrotron et impulsions lasers femtosecondes

L’etude comparee des reactions de formation de paires d’ions et de simple photoionisation de la molecule NO2 induites par rayonnement synchrotron (RS) d’une part et par impulsions laser femtosecondes (fs) d’autre part, demontre le role remarquable de l’excitation resonante d’etats de Rydberg dans la dynamique electronique et nucleaire induite. Trois reactions principales, la photoionisation non dissociative (NO2+ (X 1Σ+g) + e), la photoionisation dissociative (NO+ (X 1Σ+) + O(3P) + e) et la formation de paires d'ions, (NO+ (X 1Σ+) + O- (2P)), ont ete caracterisees en utilisant la methode des correlations vectorielles ou spectroscopie en coincidence des impulsions du photoelectron et des photoions, aupres des sources RS (SOLEIL, DESIRS) et lasers fs (CEA, Saclay), respectivement. Le diagramme de correlation des energies cinetiques electron-ion, premiere observable issue de ces mesures, met en evidence un partage de l’energie en exces entre noyaux et electrons qui depend fortement du mode d’excitation photonique. Les deviations significatives observees par rapport aux profils d’ionisation de type Franck Condon sont attribuees a des couplages vibroniques entre etats excites NO2*, tels que ceux induits par une intersection conique. Les chemins reactionnels identifies confirment le role de l’excitation des series de Rydberg [R*(6a1)-1] et [R*(4b2)-1] intervenant comme etats intermediaires dans l’excitation multiphotonique ou dans le continuum d’ionisation explore. Une etude complementaire par spectroscopie a haute resolution des etats [R*(6a1)-1] a ete mise en œuvre (UBC, Vancouver). Pour une reaction de photoionisation dissociative (PID), l’observable la plus complete est la distribution angulaire des photoelectrons dans le referentiel lie a la vitesse de recul de l’ion fragment (RFPAD) deduite de la mesure de la correlation vectorielle (Vi, Ve, P). Afin d’acceder aux elements de matrice dipolaire decrivant la photoionisation de l’etat electronique considere, le formalisme developpe en collaboration avec R. R. Lucchese (Texas A&M) decrivant la photoemission dans le referentiel moleculaire pour la simple PID d'une molecule lineaire par excitation a un photon, a ete etendu a l'etude des reactions de PID par excitation multiphotonique d'une molecule polyatomique, telle que la molecule NO2 de symetrie C2v. L’analyse multivariee de la RFPAD multiphotonique proposee constitue une strategie fructueuse en vue d’extraire l’information optimale sur la dynamique complexe de photoionisation et de realiser une comparaison detaillee entre les resultats experimentaux et les calculs de photoionisation des etats excites de la molecule.
Estimation of discrete time (grouped duration data) proportional hazards models: pgmhaz

pgmhaz estimates, by maximum likelihood, two discrete time (grouped duration data) proportional hazards regression models, one of which incorporates a gamma mixture distribution to summarize unobserved individual heterogeneity (or ‘frailty’). Covariates may include regressor variables summarizing observed differences between persons (either fixed or time-varying), and variables summarizing the duration dependence of the hazard rate. With suitable definition of covariates, models with a fully non-parametric specification for duration dependence may be estimated; so too may parametric specifications. pgmhaz thus provides a useful complement to cox and st stcox, weibull and st stweib.
The Three-year Outcome of Emotional Symptoms in Clinically Referred Youth with ADHD and their Relationship to Neuropsychological Functions

Abstract Background Further knowledge is needed regarding long-term outcome of emotional symptoms, and the interplay between these symptoms and neuropsychological functioning in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective We aimed to explore the effect of performance-based neurocognitive functions and parent-rated behavioral executive functioning (EF) on self-rated and parent-rated internalizing symptoms longitudinally in clinically referred youth with ADHD (n = 137; mean age = 12.4 years). We also aimed to examine the change in self-rated emotional symptoms in the ADHD group and a Control group (n = 59; mean age = 11.9 years). Method At baseline, and three years later, parents completed rating scales of their child’s ADHD symptoms (Swanson Nolan Pelham Scale, Version IV – SNAP-IV), emotional symptoms (Five To Fifteen Questionnaire, Strengths, and Difficulties Questionnaire), and EF (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function). At the same time, the child completed self-report measures of Anxiety, Depression, and Anger Inventories (the Beck Youth Inventories) and neurocognitive measures (Conner’s Continuous Performance Test, Version II (CPT-II), Working Memory and Processing Speed composites (Wechsler Intelligence Scales). Statistical analyses were linear and logistic mixed models. Results Using longitudinal data, parent- and self-ratings of emotional symptoms were associated with parent-ratings of EF behavior in youth with ADHD. Plan/organizing deficits were associated with Anxiety and Anger over and above other metacognitive subscales, while Emotional Control was related to Anger over and above other behavior regulation subscales. In the ADHD group, Anger symptoms improved across measuring points. When controlling for age, Anxiety, and Depression symptoms were largely stable in both groups, however at higher levels in the ADHD group. The differences in anxiety and depression symptoms across groups decreased over time. Conclusions The current study emphasizes the importance of identification, monitoring, and treatment of emotional symptoms, and behavioral aspects of EF in youth with ADHD.
A Starting Point: Gender, Hot Cognition, and Trans-Informed Administrative Guidance

Trans-informed administrative guidance introduces concepts from trans studies to educational leaders, but researchers have relatively ignored these policy implementation tools. This content analysis describes the design of administrative guidance using a representative sample of 112 Illinois districts: the who, what, how, and why of supporting transgender students. The results substantiated evidence of trans-informed guidance that introduced complex gender “definitions” and legitimized students’ identity. Many of these same texts also included barriers to supporting students with administrative gatekeeping, definitions reinforcing the gender binary, and mandates to involve parents in access decisions. All but one district (96%) highlighted existing state and local policies to motivate administrative actions around 13 issues. A minority of the texts provided specific directions to guide decision-making and reform efforts. This paper includes areas of concern and suggestions as policymakers initiate gender reforms.
Characteristics of Nori-Like Product Prepared from Seaweeds Growing in Indonesia

ABSTRACT Nori is a dried edible seaweed product used in Japanese cuisine made originally from seaweed from the genus Porphyra. Porphyra usually grows in sub-tropic coastal waters and is rarely found in tropical zones like Indonesia. For this reason, it is important to find local raw materials to substitute Porphyra to produce nori-like products in Indonesia. The present work aimed to study the physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid profiles, color components, and mineral contents of nori-like products formulated from seaweeds growing in Indonesia. The seaweeds used were Gracilaria verrucosa, Ulva lactuca, and Caulerpa racemosa. The proportion of each seaweed for nori-like product formulation was 100:0:0; 75:25:0; 75:0:25; 50:50:0; 50:0:50, and 50:25:25, respectively. Based on color, dietary fiber, and minerals (Mg and Ca), the formula of nori-like product processed from Gracilaria and Ulva with the proportion of 50:50 had a better than the commercial nori.
A second-order class-D audio amplifier. SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 71 (1). 270-287.

Class-D audio ampliﬁers are particularly eﬃcient, and this eﬃciency has led to their ubiquity in a wide range of modern electronic appliances. Their output takes the form of a high-frequency square wave whose duty cycle (ratio of on-time to oﬀ-time) is modulated at low frequency according to the audio signal. A mathematical model is developed here for a second-order class-D ampliﬁer design (i.e., containing one second-order integrator) with negative feedback. We derive exact expressions for the dominant distortion terms, corresponding to a general audio input signal, and conﬁrm these predictions with simulations. We also show how the observed phenomenon of “pulse skipping” arises from an instability of the analytical solution upon which the distortion calculations are based, and we provide predictions of the circumstances under which pulse skipping will take place, based on a stability analysis. These predictions are conﬁrmed by simulations.
Mutations in rv0678 confer low-level resistance to benzothiazinone DprE1 inhibitors in M. tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from any bacterial infection, causing 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) there have been significant efforts aimed at developing novel drugs to treat TB. One promising drug target in Mtb is the arabinogalactan biosynthetic enzyme DprE1, and there have been over a dozen unique chemical scaffolds identified which inhibit the activity of this protein. Among the most promising lead compounds are the benzothiazinones BTZ043 and PBTZ169, both of which are currently in or have completed phase IIa clinical trials. Due to the potential clinical utility of these drugs, we sought to identify potential synergistic interactions and new mechanisms of resistance using a genome-scale CRISPRi chemical-genetic screen with PBTZ169. We found that knockdown of rv0678, the negative regulator of the mmpS5/L5 drug efflux pump, confers resistance to PBTZ169. Mutations in rv0678 are the most common form of resistance to bedaquiline and there is already abundant evidence of these mutations emerging in bedaquiline-treated patients. We confirmed that rv0678 mutations from clinical isolates confer low level cross-resistance to BTZ043 and PBTZ169. While it is yet unclear whether rv0678 mutations would render benzothiazinones ineffective in treating TB, these results highlight the importance of monitoring for clinically-prevalent rv0678 mutations during ongoing BTZ043 and PBTZ169 clinical trials.
AGO1 and HSP90 buffer different genetic variants in Arabidopsis thaliana

Argonaute 1 (AGO1), the principal protein component of microRNA-mediated regulation, plays a key role in plant growth and development. AGO1 physically interacts with the chaperone HSP90, which buffers cryptic genetic variation in plants and animals. We sought to determine whether genetic perturbation of AGO1 in Arabidopsis thaliana would also reveal cryptic genetic variation, and if so, whether AGO1-dependent loci overlap with those dependent on HSP90. To address these questions, we introgressed a hypomorphic mutant allele of AGO1 into a set of mapping lines derived from the commonly used Arabidopsis strains Col-0 and Ler. Although we identified several cases in which AGO1 buffered genetic variation, none of the AGO1-dependent loci overlapped with those buffered by HSP90 for the traits assayed. We focused on one buffered locus where AGO1 perturbation uncoupled the traits days to flowering and rosette leaf number, which are otherwise closely correlated. Using a bulk segregant approach, we identified a non-functional Ler hua2 mutant allele as the causal AGO1-buffered polymorphism. Introduction of a non-functional hua2 allele into a Col-0 ago1 mutant background recapitulated the Ler-dependent ago1 phenotype, implying that coupling of these traits involves different molecular players in these closely related strains. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that even though AGO1 and HSP90 buffer genetic variation in the same traits, these robustness regulators interact epistatically with different genetic loci, suggesting that higher-order epistasis is uncommon. Article Summary Argonaute 1 (AGO1), a key player in plant development, interacts with the chaperone HSP90 which buffers environmental and genetic variation. We found that AGO1 buffers environmental and genetic variation in the same traits; however, AGO1-dependent and HSP90-dependent loci do not overlap. Detailed analysis of a buffered locus found that a non-functional HUA2 allele decouples days to flowering and rosette leaf number in an AGO1-dependent manner, suggesting the AGO1-dependent buffering acts at the network level.
Frequent spontaneous structural rearrangements promote rapid genome diversification in a Brassica napus F1 generation

In a cross between two homozygous Brassica napus plants of synthetic and natural origin, we demonstrate that novel structural genome variants from the synthetic parent cause immediate genome diversification among F1 offspring. Long read sequencing in twelve F1 sister plants revealed five large-scale structural rearrangements where both parents carried different homozygous alleles but the heterozygous F1 genomes were not identical heterozygotes as expected. Such spontaneous rearrangements were part of homoeologous exchanges or segmental deletions and were identified in different, individual F1 plants. The variants caused deletions, gene copy-number variations, diverging methylation patterns and other structural changes in large numbers of genes and may have been causal for unexpected phenotypic variation between individual F1 sister plants, for example strong divergence of plant height and leaf area. This example supports the hypothesis that spontaneous de novo structural rearrangements after de novo polyploidization can rapidly overcome intense allopolyploidization bottlenecks to re-expand crops genetic diversity for ecogeographical expansion and human selection. The findings imply that natural genome restructuring in allopolyploid plants from interspecific hybridization, a common approach in plant breeding, can have a considerably more drastic impact on genetic diversity in agricultural ecosystems than extremely precise, biotechnological genome modifications.
Mapping nanoscale forces and potentials in live cells with microsecond 3D single-particle tracking

3D single-particle tracking has the potential to resolve the molecular level forces which dictate particle motion in biological systems. However, the information gleaned from 3D single-particle tracking often cannot resolve underlying nanoscale potentials due to limited spatiotemporal resolution. To this end, we introduce an active-feedback 3D tracking microscope that utilizes silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as probes to study intricate biophysical events in live cells at the nanometer and microsecond scales. Due to this extremely high and durable scattering photon flux of the plasmonic particles, 1 MHz sampling frequency at nanometer precision in all three dimensions can be achieved over an unlimited observation times. In this work, we applied microsecond-sampling, active-feedback 3D single-particle tracking to investigate the interaction between AgNPs and nanoscale filopodium on the live-cell surface. The nanometer precision and microsecond sampling revealed that TAT peptide modified particles visit and dwell at local “hot spots” on the filopodium surface. The high sampling rate further enabled the calculation of the local forces and potentials within these nanoscale hotspots on the cylindrical surface of live cell filopodia. This study presents a promising tool to investigate intracellular biophysical events with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution and a pipeline to study nanoscale potentials on three-dimensional cellular structures.
Diversity and characteristics of pTet family plasmids revealed by genomic epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni from human patients in Toyama, Japan from 2015 to 2019

This study investigated 116 clinical isolates of Campylobacter jejuni from Toyama, Japan, which were isolated from 2015 to 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing were used for phenotypic and genotypic characterization to compare antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and phylogenic linkage. The multilocus sequence typing approach identified 37 sequence types (STs) and 15 clonal complexes (CCs), including 7 novel STs, and the high frequency CCs were CC21 (27.7%), CC48 (10.9%), and CC354 (9.9%). Overall, 58.6% of the isolates were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics and 3.4% were resistant to three or more antibiotic classes. The AMR profiles and related resistant factors were as follows; fluoroquinolones (51.7%), mutation in QRDRs (GyrA T86I), tetracyclines (27.6%), acquisition of tet(O), ampicillin (5.2%), promoter mutation in blaOXA193, aminoglycosides (1.7%), acquisition of ant(6)-Ia and aph(3’)-III, chloramphenicol (0.9%), acquisition of cat. The resistance factors of fosfomycin (1 strain), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (2 strain), and linezolid (1 strain) resistant isolates were unknown. The acquired resistance genes, tet(O), ant(6>)-Ia, aph(3’)-III, and cat, were located on pTet family plasmids. Furthermore, three pTet family plasmids formed larger plasmids that incorporated additional genes such as the Type IV secretion system. A comparison of pTet family plasmids in Japan has not been reported, and these results imply that the diversity of pTet family plasmids has increased. The prevalence of ST4526, belonging to CC21, in Japan has been reported, and it was also the major ST type (10.9%) in this study, suggesting that the ST4526 prevalence continues in Japan.