Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Biofertilizers for Enhancing Nutrients Availability in Rhizosphere
Zone, Stimulate Aggregate Formation and Their Effects by Climatic Changes

Land degradation is a major threat to the food security, with increasing world population the agricultural land is declining and degrading. Biofertilization with Fungi and bacterial inoculate, and their combination with organic fertilizers can be a promising approach for recovering degradation of the soil, minimizing the extensive use of chemical fertilizers. Biofertilization can enhance the bioavailability of nutrient for plant growth, though; fixation, chelation as well as improving the physical characteristics of soil aggregation by their execration of hydrophobins and Glomalin protein. The mechanisms of microbial inoculate in the provision or mobilization of nutrients in degraded land is a key for their success in field applications. Microbes are important, for improving the physical characteristics as well as reinstating the soil fertility of degraded soils. Such mechanisms may help in the developer of innovative cost-effective management practices in order to improve the soil fertility and crop production in degraded soils. The role of bacterial and fungal inoculated in combination with organic materials could have a potential for restoration of soils degradation due to the effectiveness of organic matter that can fulfill the nutrient demand. Applications of bio-fertilizaters generally reduce the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Several researchers reported that endophytes bacterial play a very crucial role in enhancing and promoting plant growth and resilience against abiotic and biotic stress. For enhancing nutrient availability, biomass production, leaf area, hydraulic activity, chlorophyll content, shoot and root ratio, there is a growing need to improve nutrients use efficiency in the soil in an eco-friendly manner, that can be achieved by the application of microbial nutrients solubilizes. Physical characteristics of soils provide by the plant rhizosphere and their microbial communities for a long time, the presence of plants with symbiotic fungal community always encourage the formation of stable macro-aggregates.
Exploring Overwintered Cover Crops as a Soil Management Tool in Upper-midwest High Tunnels

High tunnels are an important season extension tool for horticultural production in cold climates, however maintaining soil health in these intensively managed spaces is challenging. Cover crops are an attractive management tool to address issues such as decreased organic matter, degraded soil structure, increased salinity, and high nitrogen needs. We explored the effect of winter cover crops on soil nutrients, soil health and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) crop yield in high tunnels for 2 years in three locations across Minnesota. Cover crop treatments included red clover (Trifolium pratense) monoculture, Austrian winter pea/winter rye biculture (Pisum sativum/Secale cereale), hairy vetch/winter rye/tillage radish (Vicia villosa/S. cereale/Raphanus sativus) polyculture, and a bare-ground, weeded control. Cover crop treatments were seeded in two planting date treatments: early planted treatments were seeded into a standing bell pepper crop in late Aug/early September and late planted treatments were seeded after bell peppers were removed in mid-September At termination time in early May, all cover crops had successfully overwintered and produced biomass in three Minnesota locations except for Austrian winter pea at the coldest location, zone 3b. Data collected include cover crop and weed biomass, biomass carbon and nitrogen, extractable soil nitrogen, potentially mineralizable nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, permanganate oxidizable carbon, soil pH, soluble salts (EC), and pepper yield. Despite poor legume performance, increases in extractable soil nitrogen and potentially mineralizable nitrogen in the weeks following cover crop residue incorporation were observed. Biomass nitrogen contributions averaged 100 kg·ha−1 N with an observed high of 365 kg·ha−1 N. Cover crops also reduced extractable soil N in a spring sampling relative to the bare ground control, suggesting provision of nitrogen retention ecosystem services.
Adaptive divergence and the evolution of hybrid trait mismatch in threespine stickleback

Selection against mismatched traits in hybrids is the phenotypic analogue of intrinsic hybrid incompatibilities. Mismatch occurs when hybrids resemble one parent population for some phenotypic traits and the other parent population for other traits, and is caused by dominance in opposing directions or from segregation of alleles in recombinant hybrids. In this study, we used threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) to test the theoretical prediction that trait mismatch in hybrids should increase with the magnitude of phenotypic divergence between parent populations. We measured morphological traits in parents and hybrids in crosses between a marine population representing the ancestral form and twelve freshwater populations that have diverged from this ancestral state to varying degrees according to their environments. We found that trait mismatch was greater in more divergent crosses for both F1 and F2 hybrids. In the F1, the divergence–mismatch relationship was caused by traits having dominance in different directions, whereas it was caused by increasing segregating phenotypic variation in the F2. Our results imply that extrinsic hybrid incompatibilities accumulate as phenotypic divergence proceeds.
Mental Health Outcomes and Mental Hygiene in the COVID-19 Era: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Healthcare Workers from a Regional Hospital in Ghana

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting healthcare workers (HCWs) in unique ways which include the risk of infection and subsequent transmission to their colleagues and families, the issue of vulnerability due to lack of PPEs and access to equipment needed to provide best care for patients, moral injury in making triage decisions, the lack of professional and/or social support and psychological burdens during this period. This study thus investigates the mental health outcomes (fear, depression, anxiety, and stress) and mental hygiene among HCWs in Ghana in this COVID-19 era. Methods The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design. Results Our findings revealed a shared count of psychological outcomes among HCWs in Ghana. State anxiety was a prominent psychological outcome among HCWs. Being a female HCW was significantly associated with state anxiety. Correlation analysis showed a positive and significant relationship among all the psychological outcomes at P<0.05 and 0.01. There were no mental hygiene systems and/or structures in place at the regional hospital. Conclusion It is recommended that healthcare facilities and systems must swiftly implement and establish mental hygiene structures for their HCWs in this period of the pandemic to secure holistic, balanced life, and professional support for HCWs now and beyond this pandemic.
Trait mindfulness and relationship mindfulness are indirectly related to sexual quality over time in dating relationships among emerging adults

Trait mindfulness is associated with sexual satisfaction, but their temporal relation is unexplored. Using a short-term longitudinal design, the present study not only examines their temporal relation but also extends extant research by also investigating relationship mindfulness and potential mechanisms that might account for any temporal relation that exists between the two forms of mindfulness and sexual quality. Participants were sexually active emerging adults (N = 104) in romantic relationships who initially completed measures of trait and relationship mindfulness, and 6 weeks later measures of relationship satisfaction and difficulties in emotion regulation. After another 6 weeks, they completed a measure of sexual quality. Relationship mindfulness was related to sexual satisfaction 12 weeks later via relationship satisfaction, whereas trait mindfulness was related to later sexual dissatisfaction via difficulties in emotion regulation. These results suggest that the temporal relationship between mindfulness and sexual quality is indirect and more nuanced than previously thought. Several avenues for future research are suggested.
Drawing the line at infidelity: Negotiating relationship morality in a Swedish context of consensual non-monogamy

Consensual non-monogamy (CNM) involves being in a relationship that allows participants multiple concurrent sexual and/or intimate partners. Previous studies exploring attitudes toward different types of extra-dyadic sexual activity (EDSA) has typically distinguished between, on the one hand, polyamory/open relationships/swinging and, on the other, infidelity. The aim of this article is to develop further these discussions by showing how the distinctions between relationship types are drawn and/or blurred in social interactions, and how this requires moral work and negotiations of what ethical polyamory is. The research questions are as follows: 1. How are different CNM relationship types distinguished from each other, as well as intertwined and negotiated in social interactions? 2. How are ideals of consent, honesty, and communication reproduced and renegotiated in CNM relationships? 3. How does moral work become important for responding to negative attitudes toward CNM? The material consists of interviews with 22 persons practicing polyamory, CNM, or relationship anarchy, analyzed using thematic analysis. Results show that CNM relationship types are not clearly distinguishable but rather negotiated in social interactions both within a relationship and with others. Interviewees express that consent, honesty, and communication are central for their relationships, but also that they are negotiated. For example, honesty can be renegotiated by introducing an option of not telling your partner everything. Consent can also be renegotiated with some conditions, such as not actively searching out potential partners. They describe several different types of moral work: negotiating and reformulating others’ moral opinions, reversing moral hierarchies, and taking responsibility to explain and to soothe situations. These results contribute to existing research on attitudes toward CNM practices pointing out the importance of taking social interactions into account in order to explore the full extent of negative attitudes toward people involved in CNM relationships and how they handle these interactions.
Resistance inducers and their role in reinforcing wheat defense system against fungal pathogens

Plant resistance inducers (PRI) are considered as a novel and prospective option to manage fungal diseases. They offer an improved plant protection strategy in an environmentally safe and economically sound manner. A galaxy of resistance inducing compounds of different origins have been reported and tested successfully in different plant-pathogen systems. The published literature illustrates that the mechanism of action of PRI molecules differs from other agrochemicals as they protect plants from pathogen via stimulating plant defense machinery. Moreover, resistance inducers can be integrated with biological control agents and even fungicides, which could result in reduced use of agrochemicals in agriculture. A plenty of biological control agents are identified and validated for field usages, but further expansion in product development and their effective deployment in wheat and other disease management will inevitably require in depth knowledge and understanding of multifaceted interactions operating between plant and microbe. The current review offers an overview of PRI’s that have been tested in wheat in order to activate its own defense system for attaining durable protection against fungal invasions. Additional attempts have been made to highlight the nature and applications of biological control based on different resistance inducers and their mechanism of action along with contemporary status and future developments with other measures of disease tactics in spatiotemporal manner.
Biological fertilizers and superabsorbent polymer change biomass and volatile oil composition of Ocimum ciliatum Hornem

ABSTRACT A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of biofertilizers (nitroxine and bio sulfur), superabsorbent polymer (SAP), and their interactions on plant biomass, essential oil content, and composition of Ocimum ciliatum. Nitrogen and sulfur content of leaves significantly increased in response to applied treatments. Biofertilizers and SAP affected the plant biomass and increased up 32.47% compared with control. Results showed that the essential oil content of O. ciliatum was not influenced by the type of treatments; however, biofertilizers and SAP application changed the relative proportions of essential oil constituents and induced synthesis of new constituents. The major compounds of all oil samples were aromatic compounds represented by methyl chavicol (32.6–67.1%) and oxygenated monoterpenes represented by citral (20.2–37.7%) which is the sum of geranial and neral. Essential oil chemotype was changed from methyl chavicol/citral to methyl chavicol in inoculated plants with nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Effect of Different Levels of Organic, Mineral Fertilization and Foliar Application with Some Nutrition Elements on Dry Seed Yield of Cowpea Plants

The effective nutrients management is requiring for increase the productivity and development of cowpea crop as suitable agronomic practice. A field experiment was conducted during the two summer seasons of 2018 and 2019 at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cv. Kafr El-Sheikh to study the impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers and foliar spray with K, Ca and B and their interactions on vegetative parameters, seed yield and leaf chemical composition as well as protein content and seeds germination percentage. Results indicated that, the highest values of vegetative growth parameters i.e., plant height (cm), No. of branches/plant, plant fresh and dry weights and chemical composition of leaves (N, P, K, Ca and B), as well as the percentage of protein and germination seeds were recorded by fertilized plants with 50% mineral + 50% organic (compost). Cowpea plants were sprayed with 1cm/l potassium sulfate showed better growth performance, higher values of chemical constituents especially N, P and K in leaves than unsprayed plants. Also, the best results on most growth parameters, leaves chemical constituents were resulted when plants were fertilized by 50% mineral as ammonium nitrate (50 kg/fed.) + 50% organic as compost (1.2 or1.3ton/fed.) and sprayed with potassium sulfate at 1cm/l. Therefore, this treatment could be recommended for improving cowpea plants performance under similar condition of this study.
Exclusionary Contexts Frustrate Cultural Integration: Migrant Acculturation Into Support for Gender Equality in the Labor Market in Western Europe

Countering linear acculturation theories, the adoption of Western European gender customs over time differs across migrant groups. This diversity implies that acculturation into support for gender equality is context dependent. However, little quantitative scholarship has identified what sort of contexts strengthen or impede acculturation. This article investigates one source of context-dependent acculturation: exclusionary contexts. I build and test a context-dependent exclusions framework that proposes that contexts that exclude non-Western migrants hamper their acculturation into support for gender equality in the labor market in Western Europe. Empirically, I synchronize European Social Survey, European Values Study, and Eurislam data on over 11,000 non-Western migrants in Western Europe. Cross-classified models show that non-Western migrants’ support for labor-market gender equality is, indeed, lower in exclusionary contexts, for instance, in destinations with stronger anti-migrant sentiments. Pivotally, the impact of destinations’ gender customs on migrants’ gender values differs across destination, origin, and community contexts. For instance, in destinations with stronger populist right-wing parties, migrants internalize destinations’ gender equality less. Altogether, non-Western migrants’ acculturation into support for labor-market gender equality is highly dependent on contextual exclusions, which means that populist claims about non-Western migrants’ universal lack of acculturation into support for gender equality should be viewed cautiously.
Active matter

The study of systems with sustained energy uptake and dissipation at the scale of the constituent particles is an area of central interest in nonequilibrium statistical physics. Identifying such systems as a distinct category—Active matter—unifies our understanding of autonomous collective movement in the living world and in some surprising inanimate imitations. In this article I present the active matter framework, briefly recall some early work, review our recent results on single-particle and collective behaviour, including experiments on active granular monolayers, and discuss new directions for the future.
An Investigation of ESL Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Social Networking Applications to Increase Motivation and Vocabulary Developmen

This study examines the influence of social media on English vocabulary growth and motivation enhancement among ESL students in public and private institutions in Pakistan. This study is descriptive in nature. In this regard, data was gathered through the convenience sampling technique by using a questionnaire from 400 students, 200 males and 200 females, of four universities of Sialkot; two were from public sector and two from private sector. Data was analyzed through SPSS by measuring percentage, mean, standard deviation, and individual t-test to demonstrate the gender difference in the participants' views. The findings revealed that social media stimulates language learning interest among English language learners. As well, noticeably it showed that the majority of the ESL learners viewed the significance of social media sources for motivation enhancement and vocabulary development, and consequently, no gender difference was observed in the study's findings.
Does Vitamin D Supplementation Reduce Cytokine Storm and Mortality in Geriatric Intensive Care Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19

Corresponding (İletişim): Yeliz BİLİR, Health Sciences University Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimasyon, Intensive Care Unit, Istanbul, Turkey E-mail (E-posta): dryelizbilir@yahoo.com Received (Geliş Tarihi): 03.09. 2021 Accepted (Kabul Tarihi): 09.12. 2021 Does Vitamin D Supplementation Reduce Cytokine Storm and Mortality in Geriatric Intensive Care Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19
“PERFUSION CT IN PREDICTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF PANCREATIC NECROSIS IN EARLY STAGE OF SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS”

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of perfusion CT (PCT) scan in predicting the development of pancreatic necrosis (PN) in early stage of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of SAP presenting within 72 hours of onset of symptoms with a positive SIRS criteria were included in the study. All the patients underwent PCT on a 128 slice MDCT scannerusing 40 ml of non-ionic iodinated contrast followed by post processing using vendor provided CT perfusion software whereby perfusion parameters were calculated. Perfusion defect (PD) was dened as pancreatic BF and/or BV qualitatively less than hepatic BF and/or BV respectively on the color coded maps. A follow up CECT abdomen was done after 2 weeks as a 'gold standard' to assess whether PN developed in the corresponding region of PD. RESULTS: 8 out of 20 patients developed perfusion defect (PD) on the PCT, of which 6 patients developed PN on the follow up scan. Patients who did not show any PD on the PCT (12 out of 20) did not develop necrosis on the follow up CECT. The sensitivity, specicity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of PCT in predicting necrosis was 100%, 85.71%, 75%, 100% and 90% respectively. The cut off values of pancreatic BF and BV in predicting the development of PN were 34.87 ml/100ml/min and 11.70ml/100ml respectively based on the ROC curve. CONCLUSION: PCT is a useful technique that can predict development of PN in the early stage of SAP so that early aggressive management can be initiated.
Effect of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous on morphology, ion uptake and photosynthesis activity in Jerusalem artichoke plants under salt stress

Abstract This study was conducted to explore the effects of adding different amounts of exogenous inorganic nitrogen (Ca (NO3)2 1 mM marked as N1, Ca (NO3)2 5 mM marked as Nc and Ca (NO3)2 7 mM marked as N2) and inorganic phosphorus (NaH2PO4 0.1 mM marked as P1, NaH2PO4 1 mM marked as Pc and NaH2PO4 8 mM marked as P2) on the physiological and biochemical processes of Jerusalem artichoke under salt stress (150 mM NaCl marked as S). Low N caused large inhibition on growth and net photosynthetic rates, while the increased applications of N and P alleviated the adverse effects. Data showed that applications of low or high concentrations of N or P largely inhibited plant growth, and the adverse effects were more evident under salt. Moderate concentrations of N and P (NcPc) caused significant increase in the accumulation of biomass, total N content and photosynthesis. Moreover, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ content were improved and Na+ content decreased in leaves at NcPc. Analyses of stem anatomy showed that vascular less developed and phloem partially detached at low N and P concentrations. Cells were orderly arranged and vascular well developed at high concentrations of N and P. The results suggested that moderate application rates of N and P improved growth through enhanced photosynthesis and sustain ion status especially Na+ and K+ equilibrium under salt stress. Our study provided valuable insights into strategies to manage N and P nutrition for crops in saline soils.
Private property - the inclusive institution which shaped dissimilar economic dynamics. Evidence from the Czech Republic and Romania

Following the path prescribed by Acemoglu and Robinson, development disparities can be better interpreted in the light of the effectiveness of political and economic institutions which rule society. From this perspective, the post-communist economies provide enough evidence when addressing the transition strategies followed in order to shape the market economy. Our paper analyses the impact of private property reform on the economic outcomes of Romania and the Czech Republic, as exponents of the two transition strategies. We employ a Vector Error Correction Model, followed by a Variance decomposition and a Granger Causality to emphasize the contribution of dissimilar property reforms to the economic dynamics. The results highlight that clear property rights in the Czech Republic have created the auspicious circumstances for enhancing growth and prosperity while, for Romania, it became an obstacle against economic growth.