Coccidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coccoidea)

The adult females of all Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) known from New Zealand are described and illustrated. In addition to the four indigenous genera previously known ( Ctenochiton , Inglisia , Lecanochiton and Pounamococcus ), seven new genera are described (Aphenochiton , Crystallotesta , Epelidochiton , Kalasiris , Plumichiton , Poropeza and Umbonichiton ), all of which are considered to be fairly closely related to Ctenochiton and all endemic to New Zealand. Within these eleven indigenous genera, 25 new species are described and 12 species are transferred to new genera, bringing the total to 43 species. Ctenochiton elongatus Maskell is designated a nomen dubium . None of the species currently included in the genera Ctenochiton and Inglisia described from outside New Zealand are here considered to be congeneric. In addition, all known adventive (exotic) species found in New Zealand are reviewed and briefly described. Lecanium (Eulecanium) spinosum Brittin is synonymised with Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius), and the synonymy of Lecanium cassiniae Maskell with Saissetia oleae (Olivier) is upheld. Pulvinaria psidii (Maskell) has not been recorded in New Zealand and its inclusion in previous checklists is erroneous. Keys to adult females are included for the separation of all genera and species, and also for preliminary instar separation. Earlier work done on the superfamily Coccoidea in New Zealand is briefly reviewed and the present classification of the Coccidae and closely related families is outlined. Their biology, distribution, host-plant interactions, parasites and predators, and economic importance are also described. The current methods for collecting and mounting specimens on slides for the New Zealand Arthropod Collection are outlined, followed by a description of the morphology of adult female Coccidae, introducing the terminology used. A list of plant hosts is included in an appendix. Checklist of taxa Indigenous species: [Not yet allocated to subfamily or tribal levels of classification]. Genus Aphenochiton Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, gen nov. chionochloae Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. dierama Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. grammicus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. inconspicuus (Maskell), comb. nov. kamahi Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. matai Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. pronus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. pubens Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. subtilis Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. Genus Crystallotesta Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, gen. nov fagi (Maskell), comb. nov. fusca (Maskell), comb. nov. leptospermi (Maskell), comb. nov. neofagi Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. ornata (Maskell), comb. nov. ornatella Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. Genus Ctenochiton Maskell chelyon Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. paraviridis Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. toru Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. viridis Maskell *[ elongatus Maskell, nomen dubium ] Genus Epelidochiton Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, gen. nov. piperis (Maskell), comb. nov. Genus Inglisia Maskell patella Maskell Genus Kalasiris Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, gen. nov. depressa (Maskell), comb. nov. paradepressa Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. perforata (Maskell), comb. nov. Genus Lecanochiton Maskell actites Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. metrosideri Maskell minor Maskell scutellaris Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. Genus Plumichiton Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, gen. nov. diadema Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. elaeocarpi (Maskell), comb. nov. flavus (Maskell), comb. nov. nikau Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. pollicinus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. punctatus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. Genus Poropeza Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, gen. nov. cologabata Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. dacrydii (Maskell), comb. nov. Genus Pounamococcus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson cuneatus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson tubulus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson Genus Umbonichiton Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson. gen. nov. adelus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. bullatus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. hymenantherae (Maskell), comb. nov. jubatus Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. pellaspis Henderson & Hodgson in Hodgson & Henderson, sp. nov. Adventive species: Subfamily CEROPLASTINAE Atkinson Genus Ceroplastes Gray ceriferus (Fabricius) destructor Newstead *[ rubens Maskell, doubtful record ] *[ rusci (Linnaeus), doubtful record ] sinensis Del Guercio Subfamily COCCINAE Fallen Tribe: Coccini Fallen Genus Coccus Linnaeus hesperidum Linnaeus longulus (Douglas) Tribe Saissetiini Hodgson Genus Parasaissetia Takahashi nigra (Nietner) Genus Parthenolecanium Sulc corni (Bouche) persicae (Fabricius) Genus Saissetia Deplanche coffeae (Walker) oleae (Olivier) Tribe Pulvinariini Targioni Tozzetti Genus Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti floccifera (Westwood) hydrangeae Steinweden mesembryanthemi (Vallot) vitis (Linnaeus)