Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toxicity and degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing Citrobacter freundii nitroreductase

Abstract The degradation of organic pollutants in plants involves uptake and diffusion through the roots, trunk or leaves, transformation, accumulation and/or volatilization of soil- and aqueous-phase contaminants. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), the most widely used explosive, is toxic to a number of photosynthetic organisms, poses hazards to human health and pollutes the environment because it is recalcitrant to degradation. In this study, we investigated the nitroreductase gene from Citrobacter freundii in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Transgenic plants showed a promising ability to tolerate, take up and detoxify TNT. Our results suggest that transgenic plants show higher potential for removing and transformation of TNT. The expression of nitroreductase in Arabidopsis could be useful for phytoremediation and could be explored for the effective cleanup of TNT-contaminated sites.
Specific alterations in mucosa-associated bacterial composition in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with different degrees of inflammation

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the specific bacterial communities and alterations and to explore the method predicting the microbiological evolution tendency of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. A total of 29 UC patients and 18 healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled. UC patients were grouped into mild, moderate and severe UC based on the Mayo Score. The bacterial types of the groups were distinctly different with each other on different classification levels. Interestingly, the bacterial composition of severe UC was distinctly different from others. The Chao and Ace indices of bacterial microbiota were significantly higher in the severe UC group. The main phyla in UC and HS were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. The percentage of the 3 main phyla in severe UC was lower than that in non-severe UC. Similar to the other groups, the main genera in severe UC were Bacteroides and Escherichia-Shigella. However, Parabacteroides and a type of Prevotella disappeared in the severe UC group. Some types, such as Faecalibacterium and Fusobacterium, decreased. On the contrary, the other types increased. The abundance of the putative pathogenic bacteria in mild UC, moderate UC and severe UC showed an increasing trend (9:11:115). Moreover, Bacillus, Lactococcus and Alloprevotella disappeared in UC. Parabacteroides and a type of Prevotella disappeared in severe UC. Serious dysbacteriosis and abundant putative pathogenic bacteriа are the two important features of severe UC. The percentage phyla and the abundance of putative pathogenic bacteria could be used to predict the evolution tendency.
A survey of knowledge, attitudes and use of antibiotics among Bulgarian population

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance occurs naturally but is enhanced by human activities related to the use of antibiotics (for example, excessive use and misuse of antimicrobial agents). Our study aimed to gain insight into the knowledge, attitudes and practice of the use of antibiotics among the general Bulgarian population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during a 4-week period in April-May 2022. Our sample included 516 participants of whom 398 (77.1%) were females, mainly Bulgarians by ethnic group, with a university degree (master degree 58.9%; bachelor degree 17.2%) and living in big regional cities (91.5%). The main health reasons that respondents from all age groups share for taking antibiotics in the last year were bronchitis, sore throat, infections, including urinary tract infections, and pneumonia. Interestingly, about 14% of the respondents have treated the SARS-2-coronavirus infection with antibiotics. Our results highlighted existing attitudes toward antibiotic use in the surveyed sample. Overall, respondents from all age groups showed similarities in their attitudes toward treatment with antibiotics. People’s behavior and actions toward antibiotics play an important role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Our study provided some important insights concerning the knowledge and practices related to antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in the Bulgarian population. In general, good knowledge of antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance was evident among the surveyed sample.
Differences in Adverse Childhood Experiences and Coercive Control among Native American and Non-Native American Justice-Involved Women

ABSTRACT The purposes of the current study are two-fold. First, we examine how ACEs influence being a victim of IPV coercive control among Native American (n = 92) and non-Native American (n = 263) justice-involved women using data from the 2014 Oklahoma Study of Mother’s and Their Children. Second, because little research exists on these relationships, we explore how these patterns may vary among Native American and non-Native American women. Our findings suggest that there is not only a clear link between ACEs and coercive control among justice-involved women, but also that these relationships vary between Native American and non-Native American women.
Likelihood for component parameters

For a statistical model with data, likelihood for the scalar or vector full parameter 0, of dimension p say, is typically well defined and easily computed. In this paper, we investigate likelihood for a component parameter ψ(0) of dimension d < p and make use of the recent likelihood theory that has been successful in producing highly accurate third-order p-values for scalar parameters of continuous models. The theory leads under moderate regularity to a definitive third-order determination of likelihood for a component parameter ψ/(0) of dimension d, where 1 ≤ d ≤ p. We use the simple location model on the plane with standard normal errors to motivate the development. The example exhibits most of the key characteristics of the general case and the recent theory then extends the determination of likelihood to the general context. For the scalar interest parameter case with d = 1, the usual determinations are typically of second-order accuracy; the example indicates how the new determination achieves third-order accuracy. The implementation is straightforward and uses familiar ingredients to other determinations, such as the full maximum likelihood value O, the constrained value O ψ given ψ(0) = ψ, and the observed information j λλ (O ψ ) for a complementing nuisance parameter λ(0). It does however require a special version of the nuisance information j λλ (O ψ ), a version calibrated relative to a symmetric choice of the exponential-type reparameterisation φ(0) underlying the recent theory, but this is easily computed. Various examples are given and the motivating example is discussed in detail.
The Roles of Babinsa and Bhabinkamtibmas in Creating a Harmonious Environment: Study Case in Genteng Village, Sukasari Sub-district, Sumedang District

: Village has become the central point of a country development. To meet this need, village development requires stakeholder’s involvement, including the three village leaders that consist ofthe headman of the village, Babinsa , and Bhabinkamtibnas . The three leaders are expected to not only develop the village, but they are also required to create a harmonious environment. This study aims to describe the roles of Babinsa and Bhabinkamtibnas in creating a harmonious environment in all development aspects in Genteng Village, Sukasari Sub-District, Sumedang District. This study adopted qualitative descriptive and case study methods. The data source of this study derived from primary and secondary data. The collection data technique used was in-depth interview, non-participant observation, and literature review. Then the data was processed through some stages involving data reduction, data analysis, and conclusion. The result deriving from this study suggest that Babinsa and Bhabinkamtibmas play an important role in providing support and guidance, keeping communities safe, and promoting the village development from various aspects of the community, ranging from social, education, economic, culture, religious, to political issues.
Complete integrability and stochastization of discrete dynamical systems

We use the inverse scattering method to study a system of particles with exponential interaction (the Toda chain) and a set of equations describing induced scattering of plasma oscillations by ions. We show that a Toda chain with an arbitrary number of particles is completely integrable. We develop a scheme to integrate these systems and study the interaction between solitons. We indicate a class of completely integrable discrete systems, that is, systems which can not be stochastized.
The Multimedia Innovation in 21 st Century: The Development of e-LKPD Based on Scientific Inquiry in Science Class

: This research that has been explored learned in the 21st century is oriented toward technological sophistication in the form of digital-based multimedia innovation in Elementary schools. This research aimed to find out the development of e-LKPD, its feasibility, and student response toward e-LKPD based on scientific inquiry in Elementary School level science subjects. Research and Development (R&D) methods are used in this research. This research uses unstructured interviews, questionnaires
Experimental evidence of the increased transport due to the wall bounded magnetic drift in low temperature plasma

This paper presents experimental results on plasma transport across the magnetic field (B) in magnetized low-temperature plasma sources. Due to the presence of chamber walls, this transport can be complex even in a non-turbulent regime. In particular, in configurations without cylindrical symmetry, the magnetic drifts tend to be bounded by the chamber walls, thereby inducing plasma asymmetry and reducing magnetic confinement. In this work, we measure electron and ion current densities at metal chamber walls bounding a rectangular magnetic filter and demonstrate that these current densities are asymmetrically nonuniform. We also provide an experimental confirmation of model predictions of increased cross-field electron transport in such filter configuration, scaling as 1/B rather than the classical 1/B2 scaling.
DECLINING ROTATION CURVES - THE END OF A CONSPIRACY

New observations of H I rotation curves at the Very Large Array have uncovered two galaxies with rotation curves declining between 1 and 3 optical radii. The velocity decrease is large, more than 50 km s-1 (approximately 25% of the maximum rotation velocity), and is present on both sides of the galaxies; projection effects can be ruled out. We interpret the decrease in rotation velocity as an indication of a large ratio of luminous to dark mass in the luminous regions of these systems. An analysis of the current observations combined with rotation curves from the literature shows a clear correlation between peak circular velocity of a galaxy, its central surface brightness and the slope of the rotation curve in the outer parts. This correlation indicates a weakening of the well-known conspiracy between luminous and dark matter, and may provide evidence in favor of the idea that dark matter is baryonic. Although we do not sample the full morphological Hubble sequence, a strong correlation between slope of the rotation curve and morphological type is found. This result seems to support earlier suggestions that the ratio between the mass in dark and luminous matter might be the critical parameter that controls the Hubble sequence.
Isometric Deformation of Surfaces in the Hyperbolic 3-Manifold Preserving the Mean Curvature

where $H_{t}$ denotes the mean curvature of $X_{t}$ . An H-deformation $\{X_{t}\}$ is trivial if for each parameter $t$ , there exists an isometry $L$ of $N^{3}(c)$ such that $X_{t}=L\circ X_{0}$ . An isometric immersion $X$ is called locally H-deformable if each point of $M$ has a neighborhood restricted to which $X$ is H-deformable. There are some papers on the H-deformable surfaces in Euclidean 3-space. O. Bonnet [1] proved that a surface of constant mean curvature in Euclidean space can be locally isometrically deformed preserving the mean curvature. \’E. Cartan [4] has studied such deformations for surfaces of nonconstant mean curvature and showed that they are W-surfaces. Chen and Peng [5] and K. Kenmotsu [8] characterized in some detail the Riemannian metrics and the mean curvature functions of the surfaces. Colares and Kenmotsu [7] and Roussos [14] proved that if a surface of constant Gaussian curvature in Euclidean 3-space is locally H-deformable, then the Gaussian curvature must be zero and such a deformation starts from a cylinder over a logarithmic spiral. Kokubu [9] studied such a deformation of hypersurfaces in Euclidean n-space $(n\geq 3)$ .
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS FOR NONLINEAR VIBRATION OF PRESTRESSED ORTHOTROPIC MEMBRANES WITH VISCOUS DAMPING

This paper is concerned with the nonlinear damped vibration of prestressed orthotropic membrane structures. The Krylov–Bogolubov–Mitropolsky (KBM) perturbation method is employed for solving the governing equations of large amplitude nonlinear vibration of rectangular orthotropic membranes with viscous damping. Presented herein are asymptotic analytical solutions for the frequency and displacement function of large amplitude nonlinear damped vibration of rectangular orthotropic membranes with four edges simply supported or fixed. Through the computational example, we compared and analyzed the frequency results. Meanwhile, the vibration mode of the membrane and the displacement and time curve of each feature point on the membrane surface were analyzed. The results obtained herein provide a simple and convenient approach to calculate the frequency and lateral displacement of large amplitude nonlinear vibration of rectangular orthotropic membranes with low viscous damping. In addition, the results provide some computational basis for the vibration control and dynamic design of membrane structures.
Non-compactness and multiplicity results for the Yamabe problem on Sn

The aim of this paper is to show the existence of metrics ge on Sn, where ge is a perturbation of the standard metric g0, for which the Yamabe problem possesses a sequence of solutions unbounded in L∞(Sn). The metrics ge that we find are of class Ck on Sn with (k⩽n−34). We also prove some new multiplicity results.
What do people look at when they watch stereoscopic movies?

We measured the eye movements of participants who watched a 6-minute movie in stereoscopic and non-stereoscopic form. We analyzed four shots of the movie. The results indicate that in a 2D movie viewers tended to look at the actors, as most of the eye movements were clustered there. The significance of the actors started at the beginning of a shot, as the eyes of the viewer focused almost immediately to them. In S3D movie the eye movement patterns were more widely distributed to other targets. For example, complex stereoscopic structures and objects nearer than the actor captured the interest and eye movements of the participants. Also, the tendency to first look at the actors was diminished in the S3D shots. The results suggests that in a S3D movie there are more eye movements which are directed to wider array of objects than in a 2D movie.
Asymptotic normality of convergent estimates of conditional quantiles

We state sufficient conditions for asymptotic normality of convergent estimates of conditional quantiles, irrespective of data dependence and consider the particular case of α-mixing stationary processes under optimal condition of convergence. We apply this result to confidence intervals building for time series predictors based on nonparametric estimates of the conditional median.
Relations among stellar X-ray emission observed from Einstein, stellar rotation and bolometric luminosity

We have determined the correlation between observed stellar X-ray luminosities, bolometric luminosities, and projected rotational velocities v sin / for stars of various spectral types and luminosity classes observed by the Einstein Observatory. There are two clearly defined patterns of behavior observed. Early type stars (03-A5) have X-ray luminosities which are proportional to bolometric luminosity. The proportionality constant is (1.4±0.3)X10~ and is independent of luminosity class. In contrast, late type stars (G to M) have X-ray luminosities strongly dependent on rotation rate [Lx~(v sin /) -'] and independent of bolometric luminosity; this relation for late type stars is again found to be independent of luminosity class. This dependence is equivalent to a relation/^ ~Q between the X-ray surface flux and the stellar angular velocity. F stars as a class are intermediate, having X-ray luminosities substantially higher than would be predicted on the basis of the early type star Lx-Lbol relation, but substantially lower than expected from the late type velocity dependence. The location of RS CVn stars as a class is discussed with respect to the dependence of X-ray luminosity on rotation. Subject headings: stars: coronae— stars: rotation—X-rays: sources
Chemical fluctuation-induced nanodomains in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 films

The microstructure and chemistry of CuInSe2 single-crystals and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films from high-efficiency devices are investigated by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy. We find strong chemical fluctuations at the nanoscale, which result in a lattice comprising a mixture of relatively Cu-poor and Cu-rich nanodomains in both cases. These nanodomains are crystallographically coherent, and no structural lattice defects are found at the interfaces between them. These nanodomains may interconnect, forming three-dimensional, interpenetrating Cu-poor and Cu-rich percolation networks. Such interconnected structures may play a role in the high device performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film photovoltaics.
Turbulent buoyant convection from a source in a confined two-layered region

We consider the time evolution of a layer of fresh water placed on top of a layer of salt water in a laboratory tank when denser salt water is supplied to a nozzle at the free surface. The inflow is carried out slowly so as to form a pure plume, which at first does not penetrate through the interface. The two basic processes that govern the time evolution of the initially fresh-water layer are the filling-box process (Baines & Turner 1969) and the entrainment through the end of the plume which impinges upon the density interface. A theoretical model that takes these two processes into account is presented, with the numerical solution of the asymptotic state, valid at large times. The asymptotic solution and experiment are in good agreement; the theory describes well the vertical buoyancy profile, the change in buoyancy difference across the interface with time, and the time when the plume begins to penetrate through the interface. The entrainment rate obtained from changes in thickness of the upper layer with time can be expressed as a function of the Froude number. The functional dependence is close to Fr3 at small values of Fr, and it approaches a finite limit as Fr increases. The buoyancy flux across the interface, which is non-dimensionalized by the rate of buoyancy input, also changes as a function of Fr, taking a maximum value of 0.168 at Fr = 0.46 and decreasing sharply at larger and smaller Froude numbers. These values agree well with those found from field observations and experiments on the entrainment at the boundary of convectively mixed layers. It is pointed out that some earlier results of Baines (1975) are not consistent with the model presented here.
On the mid-latitude tropopause height and the orographic-baroclinic adjustment theory

In the extratropics the analysis of the time’space structure of the dynamical tropopause shows a marked signature of nonpropagating, low-frequency (time-scale >10 d), ultra-long (zonal wavenumber <5) waves. This suggests the extension of theories relating the tropopause height to the baroclinic adjustment to the orographic-baroclinic disturbances, generally operating in the low-frequency domain. Such an extension is here proposed. By analysing Eady modes in a Boussinesq atmosphere, it has been found that the form-drag instability must be accounted for in an extended theory of baroclinic neutralization. The produced unstable standing waves carry a poleward large amount of heat at planetary scale for most of the external parameter settings and their spatial structure strongly resembles the observed winter mid-latitude eddy fields. Furthermore, we show how a simple representation of the stratosphere affects the tropopause neutralization requirements.
New tests for multivariate normality based on Small's and Srivastava's graphical methods

In this paper, we propose a new measure of fit which can be used in the case of quantile–quantile plots. This measure, when applied to Small's and Srivastava's graphical methods provides two new tests for assessing multivariate normality. For different sample sizes and numbers of variables, the critical values of these tests were evaluated via simulations. The power of the new tests and its comparison with some other tests for multivariate normality are presented herein.
An X-Ray Study of Lobe-Dominated Radio-Loud Quasars with XMM-Newton

We report on our results of X-ray spectral analysis for a sample of radio-loud quasars covering a wide range of the radio core-dominance Parameter, R, from core-dominated to lobe-dominated objects, using data obtained mostly with the XMM-Newton Observatory. We find that the spectral shape of the underlying power-law continuum is flat even for the lobe-dominated objects (average photon index similar to 1.5), indistinguishable from that of core-dominated quasars. For lobe-dominated objects, contribution of X-rays from the jets is expected to be very small based on previous unification schemes, more than one order of magnitude lower than the observed X-ray luminosities. Assuming that radio-loud quasars follow the same X-ray-UV/optical luminosity relation for the disk-corona. emission as found for radio-quiet quasars, we estimate the X-ray flux contributed by the disk-corona component from the optical/UV continuum. We find that neither the luminosity, nor the spectral shape, of the disk-corona X-ray emission can account for the bulk of the observed X-ray properties. Thus in lobe-dominated quasars, either the disk-corona X-ray emission is much enhanced in strength and flatter in spectral shape (photon index similar to 1.5) compared to normal radio-quiet quasars, or their jet X-ray emission is much enhanced compared to their weak radio core-jet emission. If the latter is the case, our result may imply that the jet emission in X-rays is less Doppler beamed than that in the radio. As a demonstrating example, we test this hypothesis by using a specific model in which the X-ray jet has a larger opening angle than the radio jet.