Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismic response of a 40‐storey buckling‐restrained braced frame designed for the Los Angeles region

This study utilized nonlinear response history analysis to compare the seismic demand on three variations of a 40‐storey buckling‐restrained braced frame designed for high seismic hazard in the Los Angeles region. The three designs were referred to as a ‘code‐based design’, based on the 2006 International Building Code, a ‘performance‐based design’, based on criteria published by the Los Angeles Tall Building Design Council (LATBSDC) and a ‘performance‐based design plus’, based on newly developed criteria from The Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER). The response history analysis utilized spectrum‐matched ground motions as well as simulated ground motions for the Puente Hills fault. The spectrum‐matched motions were selected from the Next Generation Attenuation of Ground Motions (NGA) database, which is largely composed of recorded motions and scaled to five hazard levels. The simulated ground motions were broadband signals generated from a moment magnitude (Mw) 7.15 scenario rupture of the Puente Hills fault for two near fault regions and exhibit long period energy content that significantly exceeds the uniform hazard spectrum. Structural performance was assessed in terms of exceedance of a safe inter‐storey drift ratio (IDR). It was seen that the simulated ground motions impose higher IDR demands on the structures than the spectrum‐matched NGA ground motions. Furthermore, the number of instances of exceedance of a safe IDR, considered for this study as IDR = 0.03, is substantially higher for the simulated ground motions, pointing to the importance of considering such motions in the collapse prevention of tall buildings on a site‐specific basis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis with Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Treated with Decompression Alone. A Cohort of 346 Patients at a Large Spine Unit. Clinical Outcome, Complications and Subsequent Surgery

We performed a cohort study on patients with lumbar stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) who underwent decompression alone (DA). At 2-years there was significant improvement in all outcome measures with low rate of intraoperative/postoperative complications and subsequent surgery. DA was found effective and safe for lumbar stenosis with DS. Study Design. Cohort study. Objective. To study the clinical outcome, complications and subsequent surgery rate of DA for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with DS. Summary of Background Data. There is still no consensus regarding the treatment approach for LSS with DS. Methods. We performed a retrospectively designed cohort study on prospectively collected data from a single high productive spine surgical center. Results from the Swedish Spine Registry and a local register for complications were used for the analyses. Patients with LSS and DS (>3 mm) who underwent DA during January 2012 to August 2017 were included. Patient reported outcome measures at baseline and 2 years after surgery were analyzed. Complications within 30 days of surgery and all subsequent surgery in the lumbar spine were registered. Results. We identified and included 346 patients with completed 2-year follow-up registration. At 2-year follow-up there was a significant improvement in all outcome measures. The global assessment success rate for back and leg pain was 68.3% and 67.6% respectively. Forty-one patients had at least 1 intra- or postoperative complication (11.9%). Nine patients (2.6%), underwent subsequent surgery within 2 years of the primary surgery whereof 2 underwent fusion. During the whole period of data collection, that is, as of June 2020, 28 patients had undergone subsequent surgery (8.1%) whereas 8 of them had had 2 surgeries. Fifteen patients underwent fusion. Conclusion. DA provides good clinical outcome at 2-year follow-up in patients with LSS and DS with low rate of intra- and postoperative complications and subsequent surgery. Our data supports the evidence that DA is effective and safe for LSS with DS. Level of Evidence: 3
Feline Blood Groups: A Systematic Review of Phylogenetic and Geographical Origin

Simple Summary Numerous breeds have been identified in the domestic cat, grouped according to their phylogenetic or geographical origin. In the cat, the AB blood group system is the most important feline system, and the determination of the blood group by specific methods is an essential step to avoid or reduce the risk of an adverse reaction in the recipient patient. Many studies have been published on the distribution and prevalence of blood types in pedigree and non-pedigree cats, but the information has never been collated in a systematic manner. Abstract Domestic cats descended from the African wildcat several thousand years ago. Cats have spread to all parts of the world, probably along routes between civilizations or geographical boundaries, leading to the movement of species, from Asia to the African continent through the Mediterranean basin, and finally to the American continent, Australia, and New Zealand. Currently, 73 cat breeds are recognized by the International Cat Association. With the increasing interest in the selection of breeds, the determination of blood groups in cats has acquired importance over time. The AB blood group system is the most important blood system in cats, in which A, B, and AB or C blood groups are identified. This systematic review describes data from previously published reports about cat blood types and cat breeds. After applying specific criteria, 28 eligible studies were identified in which the prevalence percentages for each blood group in correlation with specific cat breeds were reported. The breeds were, in turn, divided into four groups according to their geographic and phylogenetic origins as follows: Asian cat breeds, American cat breeds, European cat breeds, and breeds from Oceania. Although numerous studies were carried out before 2021, gaps in the literature on the AB system and, in particular, the Mik group are highlighted.
Event-Triggered Data-Driven Load Frequency Control for Multiarea Power Systems

This article presents an event-triggered data-driven load frequency control (LFC) method for multiarea interconnected power systems via model-free adaptive control, where the dynamic model of the power system is assumed to be unknown completely. By introducing the dynamic linearization technique for the unknown power system, an equivalent data relationship model between the area-control-error (ACE) data and the input signal is established. Then, a data-driven LFC scheme is developed only relying on the input and output data of the power system. Meanwhile, an event-triggered strategy is also proposed in the design of data-driven LFC such that the communication and computation burden of the system can be reduced. Whether the current instant is the transmission instant is determined by judging the proposed triggering condition at each sampling instant. It is showed that the presented event-triggered data-driven LFC method is independent to any model information of the power system and does not need to measure any state signals. Simulation tests are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the presented control method.
Introduction, spread, and impacts of invasive alien mammal species in Europe

Abstract Biological invasions have emerged as one of the main drivers of biodiversity change and decline, and numbers of species classed as alien in parts of their ranges are rapidly rising. The European Union established a dedicated regulation to limit the impacts of invasive alien species (IAS), which is focused on the species on a Union List of IAS of particular concern. However, no previous study has specifically addressed the ecology of invasive alien mammals included on the Union List. We performed a systematic review of published literature on these species. We retrieved 262 publications dealing with 16 species, and we complemented these with the most up‐to‐date information extracted from global databases on IAS. We show that most of the study species reached Europe as pets and then escaped from captivity or were intentionally released. On average each year in the period 1981–2020, 1.2 species were recorded for the first time as aliens in European countries, and most species are still expanding their alien ranges by colonising neighbouring territories. France is the most invaded nation, followed by Germany, Italy, and the Russian Federation, and the muskrat Ondatra zibethicus, the American mink Neovison vison, and the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides are the most widespread species, having invaded at least 27 countries each. Invasive mammals of European Union concern are threatening native biodiversity and human well‐being: worryingly, 81% of the 16 study species are implicated in the epidemiological cycle of zoonotic pathogens. Containing secondary spread to further countries is of paramount importance to avoid the establishment of new populations of invasive mammals and the related impacts on native communities, ecosystem services, and human health. We present a compendium on the ecology and impacts of invasive mammals of European Union concern. It can be used to assist environmental policies, identify and subsequently fill knowledge gaps, and inform stakeholders.
The Relative Levels of Grit and Their Relationship with Potential Dropping-Out and University Adjustment of Foreign Students in Korea

The study aimed to investigate the relative levels of grit and their relationship with potential dropping-out and university adjustment of foreign students in Korea. The subjects of this survey were gathered through purposive sampling, and 335 subjects were collected from university students in South Korea. First, the grit was significantly and positively correlated with emotional adjustment, social adjustment, university satisfaction, and academic adjustment, and was negatively correlated with potential dropping-out of university. Drop-out potential is negatively and significantly correlated with all subgroups of university life adjustment. Second, the grit is higher than the mid-point and drop-out potential is very low. Emotional adjustment and university satisfaction are the highest among the subgroups of university life adjustment but social adjustment is the lowest among them. Third, it was found that foreign students in the mid and high grit clusters are lower in mean drop-out potential rates than those in the low grit cluster. And foreign students in the mid and high grit clusters are higher than those students in the low university life adjustment group.
Thermodynamic Properties of Impurity Components in Silicon-based Solutions: Influence of Interactions among Components on Impurity Removal from Silicon

ABSTRACT The thermodynamic properties of impurities in silicon-based solutions are the theoretical basis of silicon purification technology. These properties represent valuable information in regards to impurity removal for solar-grade silicon production by metallurgical methods. The thermodynamic properties of impurity components in silicon solutions obtained by both model calculations and experimental measurements are reviewed in detail in this paper with special focus on the infinite dilute activity coefficient and activity interaction coefficient of impurity components in binary Si-i and ternary Si-i-j systems. A positive or negative activity interaction coefficient value can be used to predict a mutually reinforcing or mutually restrictive relationship among impurity components during silicon purification. This review may provide workable guidance to researchers in selecting suitable refining systems and optimized refining conditions for silicon purification according to the thermodynamic properties of the impurity components therein; further, they may be used to establish a silicon solution thermodynamics database to support silicon purification technology.
Observed Long-Term Performance of Geosynthetic Walls and Implications for Design

Geosynthetic-reinforced walls have been viewed by the civil engineering profession as a new technology whose acceptable long-term performance is yet to be established. Nevertheless, geosynthetic walls have been in use for almost 25 years. Much of the uncertainty associated with acceptance of geosynthetic-reinforced wall technologies is related to time-dependent deformation. This paper summarizes the creep rates measured in full-scale walls and compares them to creep rates measured in-isolation in the laboratory where the applied load level matches values estimated for the same structures in the field. In the majority of cases, the laboratory in-isolation creep rates were the same as or greater than the measured reinforcement creep rates in full-scale walls, corroborating that reinforcement load levels can be estimated from measured strain data. At the end of wall construction, it appears that the reinforcement is primarily exhibiting creep, with only minor stress relaxation. However, in the long-term, the.
Direct tension tests on notched and un-notched plain concrete specimens

Direct tension tests were conducted on plain concrete specimens in a stiff loading frame which allowed complete stress-deformation relations to be obtained. The suitability of the specimen shape and the testing apparatus was verified by finite-element analysis. The behaviours of notched and un-notched specimens with different water-cement ratios were examined and compared. Piecewise linear and exponential stress-deformation relations are proposed and interpreted physically. Relationships between fracture parameters fracture energy and brittleness indices) and basic strength properties are also presented.
A bioactive phlebovirus-like envelope protein in a hookworm endogenous virus

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), accounting for 14% of our genome, serve as a genetic reservoir from which new genes can emerge. Nematode ERVs are particularly diverse and informative of retrovirus evolution. We identify Atlas virus – a novel, intact ERV in the human hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum with an envelope protein genetically related to GN-GC glycoproteins from phleboviruses. A cryo-EM structure of Atlas GC reveals a class II viral membrane fusion protein fold not previously seen in retroviruses. Atlas GC has the structural hallmarks of an active fusogen. Atlas GC trimers insert into membranes with endosomal lipid compositions and low pH. When expressed on the plasma membrane, Atlas GC has cell-cell fusion activity. Atlas virus is transcriptionally active at specific stages of hookworm development. The preserved activities and expression pattern of Atlas GC suggest it has acquired a cellular function. Our work reveals an unexpected degree of structural and genetic plasticity in retroviruses.
Primary School Students' Learning Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to determine how elementary school students' learning anxiety during the COVID-19 period. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with observation data collection techniques, interviews, and questionnaires. The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The subjects in this study were elementary school students, teachers, and the participation of students' parents. The results of this study indicate that the level of learning anxiety of elementary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic did not show a high level of anxiety or was still limited and still considered light, did not cause excessive anxiety. Besides, the role of parents in accompanying and guiding students to study at home is quite effective in overcoming student learning anxiety. Various efforts were made to overcome student learning anxiety during the COVID-1 pandemic. These findings concluded that the anxiety experienced by elementary school students was still within normal limits.
Mothers' Perceptions of Satisfaction, Trust, and Power in the Individualized Education Program Process

Parent involvement in the development of an individualized education program (IEP) is a foundational tenet of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Unfortunately, mothers, the parent most likely to attend the IEP meeting, often report negative perceptions and even feelings of disillusion with the IEP process. Including mothers as equal members of the IEP team is crucial to student success, especially for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). To determine the extent of mothers' satisfaction, trust, and perception of the power of the IEP process, we surveyed 929 mothers of students with disabilities. Survey results indicate mothers are neither overly satisfied nor dissatisfied with the process, but almost always perceive an imbalance of power between IEP team members. A high percentage of mothers reported experiences with bullying, coercion, and shame. The findings suggest that more efforts are needed to empower mothers during the IEP process and improve parent-school partnerships.
Towards Classification of Personality Prediction Model: A Combination of BERT Word Embedding and MLSMOTE

The rise in internet usage improved digital communication and an increase in user data, particularly on social media. The information supplied from social media, including Twitter, can be used to retrieve user personality. In this paper, we experiment to predict user's personality based on Big Five Personality Trait on Twitter, particularly Indonesian users. We focus on using XGBoost classifier as it gives promising result in the previous study. We experiment on using multiple Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer (BERT) models for extracting contextual word embeddings from tweets data to see the best model. We also address the imbalanced dataset problem with Multilabel Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (MLSMOTE). Our research found that the IndoBERT model, which is pre-trained with general data including Indonesian Twitter tweets, has the best overall performance on our dataset. We also found that using MLSMOTE could increase the accuracy up to 19,91% and the F1 up to 19,38%, which is a huge increment and shows that MLSMOTE works well with our dataset.
Testing of the Katrix rotary lobe expander for distributed concentrating solar combined heat and power systems

In this article, we present performance results and analysis of a novel rotary lobe expander device. This is part of a larger research effort into the analysis and design of a small‐scale solar system that would compete with available distributed technologies for heat and electricity generation. To choose an appropriate working fluid and components for a distributed concentrating solar combined heat and power (DCS‐CHP) system, we compared many different working fluids, collectors, and expander choices. Of the expanders analyzed, including piston expanders, radial inflow turbines, Tesla turbines, screw expanders, and scroll expanders, the rotary lobe expander shows the greatest promise in small‐scale power applications due to its high efficiency in expanding fluids over large pressure ratios and its low cost to manufacture. This article focuses on testing of a prototype small‐scale expander that was chosen because, to date, no suitable commercial product of less than 10 kW has been found for this application. Initial testing was completed with air to get results that should be indicative of future testing with steam. The test system consists of a compressed air expander (a prototype designed by Katrix, Inc. of Australia) connected to an induction motor driven by a variable frequency drive (VFD) that enables expander testing at varying shaft speeds. Results of the expander testing are reported isentropic efficiencies of 22–25%, thermomechanical efficiencies of 80–95%, and pressure ratios of 6–11 at the tested speeds. Despite mixed results from this particular expander, future refinements could lead to a new class of expanders with low cost and high performance for use in solar combined heat and power and waste‐heat recovery.
COVID-19 symptoms reduce with targeted hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea

Dirty air and poor access to healthcare threatens the lives of billions of people in low-income regions of the world. We investigated whether upper-airway hydration might alter two-phase flow in the airways on normal tidal breathing and be a useful, safe, easily distributed non-drug intervention for limiting risks of COVID-19. In observational human volunteer studies involving 464 human subjects in Marburg, Germany (357 normal subjects), Boston, US (20 healthy subjects), and Bangalore, India (87 subjects recently tested positive for COVID-19), we find that respiratory droplet generation increases by up to 4 orders of magnitude with up to 1% total body mass dehydration (n=20), and in dehydration-associated states of advanced age (n=357), elevated BMI-age (n=148), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=87). Hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea in a protocol of exercise-induced dehydration by the nasal inhalation of calcium-rich hypertonic salt droplets of mean diameter 8-12 μm diminished respiratory droplet numbers and increased oxygenation relative to a non-treatment control (P<0.05). In a randomized double-blinded nasal-saline control study, thrice-a-day delivery of the calcium-rich hypertonic salts (active) over three days suppressed respiratory droplet generation by 51% +/- 11% and increased oxygen saturation by 48.08% ± 9.61% (P<0.001) in COVID-19 positive subjects (n=20), while no changes in exhaled aerosol (P=0.235) or oxygen saturation (P=0.533) were observed in the nasal-saline control group (n=20). In the active group 47% of patients discharged with no self-reported symptoms while all of the subjects in the nasal saline group discharged with lingering symptoms. Hydration of the upper airways appears promising as a non-drug approach for reducing risks of lower respiratory-tract infections such as COVID-19.
Review of Systematic Reviews in the Field of Telemedicine

Background: Although the systematic reviews regarding telemedicine have increased in recent decades, no comprehensive studies have been conducted to review these systematic reviews. The present study aimed to review the published systematic reviews regarding telemedicine applications for the report and appraisal of several aspects. Methods: The literature search was performed in the PubMed database for the systematic reviews published during January 2010-June 2020 in the field of telemedicine using “telemedicine” Mesh terms. The extracted data from the selected articles were the year of publication, telemedicine specialty, clinical outcomes, cost evaluation, and satisfaction assessment. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: Among 746 retrieved articles, 191 cases were selected and reviewed. Most of the studies were focused on telemedicine (n=35; 18.3%), followed by telerehabilitation (n=22; 11.5%), tele-diabetes (n=18; 9.4%), telecardiology (n=16; 8.3%), home telecare (n=13; 6.8%), telepsychiatry (n=12; 6.3%), teledermatology (n=11; 5.7%), and teleneurology (n=9; 4.7%). The selected studies were primarily focused on clinical outcomes (72.7%), followed by cost-effectiveness (32.4%) and user satisfaction (29.3%). In addition, they mostly indicated that telemedicine services yielded acceptable clinical outcomes (72.5%), cost-effectiveness (67.7%), and healthcare provider/patient satisfaction (83.9%). Conclusion: Although telerehabilitation, tele-diabetes, telecardiology, home telecare, and telepsychiatry were studied further, there are still some specific specialties such as teleradiology, telepathology, and telepediatric that should be considered more. Moreover, investigation of various outcomes could result in a more comprehensive view of this field. Therefore, further investigations in this regard would improve telemedicine applications and encourage potential telemedicine providers to initiate these applications.