Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ginger Oil Nanoemulsion Formulation Augments Its Antiproliferative Effect in Ehrlich Solid Tumor Model

Cancer is a disease that is characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Ginger oil is a natural cancer fighter and anti-oxidant. However, the minimal absorption of ginger oil from the gastrointestinal tract accounts for its limited medicinal efficacy. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a nanoemulsion preparation of ginger oil on its oral bioavailability and in vivo anti-cancer efficacy. Ginger oil nanoemulsion was prepared by a high-pressure homogenization technique using different surfactants (Tween 20, 40, and 80). The prepared formulations were evaluated for droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), pH, viscosity, and stability by calculating the creaming index percentage. The best formulation was evaluated for shape by TEM. The antitumor activity of the best nano-formulation was determined in comparison with the free oil using the in vivo Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) model. The prepared ginger oil nanoemulsion formulations exhibited acceptable droplet size in the range from 56.67 ± 3.10 nm to 357.17 ± 3.62 nm. A PDI of less than 0.5 indicates the homogeneity of size distribution. The oil globules possessed a negative charge ranging from −12.33 ± 1.01 to −39.33 ± 0.96 mV. The pH and viscosity were in the acceptable range. The TEM image of the best formulation appeared to be spherical with a small size. The ginger oil nanoemulsion reduced in vivo tumor volume and weight, extended animals’ life span, and ameliorated liver and kidney function in EST-bearing mice. These effects were superior to using free ginger oil. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that the ginger oil nanoemulsion improved oral absorption with a subsequent enhancement of its anti-proliferative efficacy in vivo, suggesting a nano-formulation of ginger oil for better therapeutic outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Sediment Yield and Storm Flow Response to Clear-Cut Harvest and Site Preparation in the Ouachita Mountains

Clear-cut harvest and site preparation, including crushing the residual vegetation, burning, and contour ripping, were applied to three small watersheds in Oklahoma. Three undisturbed forested watersheds served as controls. First-year sediment losses averaged 282 and 36 kg/ha and storm flow water yields averaged 22.9 and 31.7 cm on clear-cut and uncut watersheds, respectively. The lower water yield on cut watersheds may have been due to contour ripping. Treatment differences in sediment yield were significant the second and third, but not the fourth, year following treatment. Storm flow water yield from clear-cut watersheds was significantly higher than from uncut watersheds the second year but not the third or fourth years. Absolute levels of sediment yield from clear-cut and control watersheds were relatively low in all years of the study. The overall impact of harvest and site preparation on total suspended solids levels in runoff was small and short-lived.
How does your viewing perspective matter for decision-making with flood risk maps?*

ABSTRACT The globally increasing frequency of flood events highlights the importance of effective flood risk communication. The influence of the viewing perspective of mapped flood events on human risk perception has not yet been a research focus of the geovisualization community. This empirical study aims to fill this gap by investigating how the viewing perspective of flood risk maps, that is, 2D orthographic vs. 2.5D oblique views, influence human flood risk perception and decision-making. Results on how viewing perspective might influence measured risk perception are in line with prior inconclusive research on the utility and usability of adding a third viewing dimension on static maps. Unlike prior research would have suggested, we find that the individual risk attitude of our participants had no direct influence on their risk ratings in the context of this study. With additional empirical evidence on how static 2D and oblique 2.5D hazard maps might influence the public’s risk perception and decision-making, we hope to further inform policy and decision makers on the critical importance of well-designed cartographic displays for effective and efficient hazard and risk communication. We also provide an open-source code repository for making reproducible experiments with our static maps.
Epstein-Barr Virus Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Epidermotropism

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas are rare diseases comprising nodular to diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration with an overlying grenz zone and no epidermal involvement upon histological analysis. Diagnostics can become challenging when lymphomas exhibit the characteristics of both B and T-cells. Differential diagnoses may include reactive proliferations, cutaneous composite lymphomas, and transformed mycosis fungoides. Immunohistochemistry and gene arrangement tests may be beneficial to clarify the diagnosis. Herein, we report a rare case of epidermotropic EBV-positive cutaneous B-cell lymphoma along with a literature review.
Vulnerability Assesment of Tourism Village Communities in The Special Region of Yogyakarta during The Covid-19 Pandemic

This study aims to identify the vulnerabilities faced by tourist villages, especially the advanced tourist villages, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in five advanced tourist villages in different districts/municipalities in DIY. Basically, this study is a quantitative research. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey process among the village residents. The analysis technique used is descriptive statistics. The results of the study show that there are still several factors that remain vulnerable for the tourist villages' communities in DIY when facing Covid-19. These factors include financial conditions, the sustainability of tourism activities, the sustainability of social interactions, and the level of community adaptation. One way to reduce these vulnerabilities is through innovation. However, the vulnerabilities caused by Covid-19 are still greater compared to the efforts made by some other tourist villages. There are still several challenges faced by tourist villages for recovery, such as the lack of visitor enthusiasm, lack of innovation and attractiveness, lack of budget, and decreased visitor trust. In this regard, the preparedness and capacity of tourist village communities in facing disasters still need to be improved. Thus, efforts are still needed to prepare communities for possible future detrimental events and to enhance their capacity and resilience for recovery.
Recognizing and Relating to the Race/Ethnicity and Gender of Animated Pedagogical Agents

This study examined how well people can recognize and relate to animated pedagogical agents of varying ethnicities/races and genders. For both Study 1 (realistic-style agents) and Study 2 (cartoon-style agents), participants viewed brief video clips of virtual agents of varying racial/ethnic categories and gender types and then identified their race/ethnicity and gender and rated how human-like and likable the agent appeared. Participants were highly accurate in identifying Black and White agents but were less accurate for Asian, Indian, and Hispanic agents. Participants were accurate in recognizing gender differences. Participants rated all types of agents as moderately human-like, except for White agents. Likability ratings were lowest for White and male agents. The same pattern of results was obtained across two independent studies with different participants and different onscreen agents, which indicates that the results are not solely due to one specific set of agents. Consistent with the Media Equation Hypothesis and the Alliance Hypothesis, this work shows that people are sensitive to the race/ethnicity and gender of onscreen agents and relate to them differently. These findings have implications for how to design animated pedagogical agents for improved multimedia learning environments in the future and serve as a crucial first step in highlighting the possibility and feasibility of incorporating diverse onscreen virtual agents into educational computer software.
Assessing Adherence to Cardiac Monitoring Guidelines in Trastuzumab-Treated Breast Cancer Patients: Insights From a Tertiary Hospital

Introduction: Breast cancer is a global health concern, with a significant portion of patients exhibiting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression. Trastuzumab is one of the pivotal therapies for HER2-positive breast cancer, but it carries the risk of cardiotoxicity. Guidelines for cardiac monitoring are essential to detect early signs of cardiotoxicity. However, adherence to these guidelines remains uncertain. Method: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from 167 female patients diagnosed with HER2-positive breast cancer who were treated with trastuzumab. We meticulously assessed the level of adherence to cardiac monitoring guidelines and determined the incidence of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC). Factors affecting adherence were subsequently investigated using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Adherence to monitoring guidelines was only 31.7%. TIC incidence was 7.8%. Patients with concurrent use of cardiotoxic medications demonstrated higher adherence. A significant association was found between the number of trastuzumab doses and adherence. Conclusion: Adherence to monitoring guidelines was suboptimal. Those at a higher risk of cardiac issues showed greater adherence. Improved risk assessment methods are needed to individualize monitoring and intervention. Future research should focus on patient-centered, evidence-based monitoring to optimize the balance between cancer therapy and cardiac safety in the field of cardio-oncology.
Bur Oak Two-Part Inventions: Growth and Reproduction in Two Quercus macrocarpa Cohorts

Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) was once a primary constituent of savannas throughout the Great Plains. Today, however, oak woodlands occupy only a small percentage of their former extent, and so efforts are underway to restore them. This study examined growth of young trees, frequency of acorn production (an index of recruitment potential), and seedling recruitment in two bur oak cohorts, planted in 2007 and 2009, in a mostly unmanaged setting undergoing old field succession. Documenting the variation in growth response is important for predicting rates of establishment and recruitment in woodland restorations where bur oaks are planted with little to no subsequent intervention. Trees grew an average 40.59 cm/year in the 2007 cohort, and 30.49 cm/year in the 2009 cohort. For both cohorts, height was a function of age (2007 cohort: r2 = 0.793; 2009 cohort: r2 = 0.616). In 2022, diameter at breast height (DBH) was a strong predictor of tree height (2007 cohort: r2 = 0.776; 2009 cohort: r2 = 0.927). There was great variation in fruit production among individual trees: annual acorn production varied from ∼1 to ∼45 % of trees in the 2007 cohort and from ∼4 to ∼24 % of trees in the 2009 cohort. In 2022, 81.25 % of randomized 4 m x 4 m quadrats contained bur oak seedlings. It is encouraging that acorn production commenced just a few years after planting and that substantial recruitment from seed began within ten years, suggesting that bur oak stands so established can become self-sustaining. These results can inform restoration ecologists who wish to reestablish native oak stands but may lack the time and resources to provide much follow-up.
Soil hydraulic properties for moisture redistribution in a large-scale heterogeneous landscape

Abstract Guidelines of effective soil hydraulic parameters were developed to be applicable in simulating average infiltration and subsequent moisture redistribution over a large-scale heterogeneous field. Average large-scale infiltration and redistribution in heterogeneous soils were quantified through multiple simulations of local-scale processes. The effective hydraulic parameters were derived to simulate the average amount of infiltrating water, and to capture the subsequent surface soil moisture redistribution averaged over the large heterogeneous landscape. The results demonstrated that the effective hydraulic parameters typically exhibited a step change from infiltration to redistribution, with the size of the step change being related to the degree of hydraulic parameter heterogeneity and the correlations among the hydraulic parameters. However, the effective hydraulic parameters did not change significantly over time for the moisture redistribution. It was further demonstrated that the size of the step change was smallest for effective saturated hydraulic conductivity. Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Associate editor Y. Guttman Citation Zhu, J.T. and Sun, D.M. , 2012. Soil hydraulic properties for moisture redistribution in a large-scale heterogeneous landscape. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (6), 1196–1206.
Sulfur isotope characteristics of the Yangshan gold belt,West Qinling:Constraints on ore-forming environment and material source.

The main crystal habit of diagenetic pyrite in the Yangshan gold belt is cube-xenomorphic,indicating a diagenetic environment with low temperature( 200℃),low degree of supersaturation of diagenetic fluid,fast cooling,low oxygen fugacity and sulfur fugacity,and insufficient supply of material.The δ34 S value varies in a large range(-4.2‰ ～ 12.5‰),indicating that the sulfur came from Devonian stratum,within which sulfur of pyrite in limestone originated from reduction of sulfate ion in sea water and sulfur of pyrite in phyllite experienced bacterial reduction.The ore pyrite has various morphologies,but with few cubes,indicating that the metallogenic system is under conditions of medium-low temperature(200 ～ 300℃),high degree of supersaturation of ore-forming fluids,slow cooling,high oxygen and sulfur fugacity,and sufficient supply of material,which are favorable for metallogenesis.The δ34 S value of sulfides in the early and main ore stages varies from-4.2‰ to 3‰,which is close to the δ34S ranges of magmatic sulfur.Pyrite in the main ore stage has more combination forms of pyritohedron,octahedron and cube.The δ34S value of the combination forms concentrates in-2.1‰ ～ 1.2‰,which is more likely to be of magmatic origin.The δ34S value of stibnite in the late ore stage varies from-6.6‰ to-4.5‰,while the pyrite which coexists with stibnite has δ34S value of 7.6‰ and-12.1‰,showing that besides magmatic sulfur,Devonian stratum provided partial sulfur for the system.
Interleukin-33 Expression on Treatment Outcomes and Prognosis in Brazilian Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the interleukin-1(IL-1) family of cytokines, remains poorly understood in the context of human breast cancer and its impact on treatment outcomes. This study aimed to elucidate IL-33 expression patterns within tumor samples from a cohort of Brazilian female breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy while exploring its correlation with clinicopathological markers. In total, 68 samples were meticulously evaluated, with IL-33 expression quantified through a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The findings revealed a substantial upregulation of IL-33 expression in breast cancer patient samples, specifically within the Triple-negative and Luminal A and B subtypes, when compared to controls (healthy breast tissues). Notably, the Luminal B subtype displayed a marked elevation in IL-33 expression relative to the Luminal A subtype (p < 0.05). Moreover, a progressive surge in IL-33 expression was discerned among Luminal subtype patients with TNM 4 staging criteria, further underscoring its significance (p < 0.005). Furthermore, chemotherapy-naïve patients of Luminal A and B subtypes exhibited heightened IL-33 expression (p < 0.05). Collectively, our findings propose that chemotherapy could potentially mitigate tumor aggressiveness by suppressing IL-33 expression in breast cancer, thus warranting consideration as a prognostic marker for gauging chemotherapy response and predicting disease progression in Luminal subtype patients. This study not only sheds light on the intricate roles of IL-33 in breast cancer but also offers valuable insights for future IL-33-related research endeavors within this context.
Flowering and fruiting responses to climate change of two Arctic plant species, purple saxifrage (Saxifraga oppositifolia) and mountain avens (Dryas integrifolia)

In temperate regions, there are clear indications that spring flowering plants are flowering earlier due to rising temperatures of contemporary climate change. Temperatures in temperate regions are rising predominantly in spring. However, Arctic regions are seeing unprecedented temperature increases, predominantly towards the end of the growing season. We might, therefore, expect to see earlier flowering of later-season flowering Arctic plants. Parks Canada has been monitoring purple saxifrage (Saxifraga oppositifolia) and mountain avens (Dryas integrifolia) flowering and fruiting times for 20 years at Tanquary Fiord, Quttinirpaaq National Park, Ellesmere Island. Saxifraga oppositifolia flowers in early spring, while D. integrifolia flowers in midsummer. Over the 20-year period, Tanquary Fiord's annual and late-summer temperatures have risen significantly. During the same timeframe, D. integrifolia showed a trend towards earlier flowering and fruiting, but S. oppositifolia showed no changes in flowering o.
Do caregivers’ involvement in Type 2 diabetes education affect patients’ health outcomes?: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising worldwide. Patients frequently struggle with controlling their diabetes and need the assistance of caregivers for effective self-management because managing diabetes requires a variety of strategies, including diet, glucose monitoring, and exercise. This study aimed to examine the effect of caregiver involvement in T2DM education within a community on patients’ diabetes care outcomes. Methods: Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review of all published studies from the earliest record to May 2022 that reported adult caregivers of T2DM patients who participated in educational interventions concerning diabetes management and that reported one or more outcomes of the interventions were conducted. Four databases were used, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL. The meta-analysis focused on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with additional attention to lipid levels. Review Manager 5.4 was used to perform this meta-analysis. Results: A total of 17 out of 683 studies were synthesized. Involvement of caregivers in T2DM education is shown to reduce body mass index and HbA1c. This involvement also improves patients’ knowledge, physical activity, and self-efficacy, but the effect on medication adherence varies. A meta-analysis of six RCT studies shows that caregiver involvement in T2DM education reduced pooled HbA1c levels by 0.83 (95% Confidence interval: −1.27–−0.38) compared to involvement (p = 0.0003). Meta-analysis of three types of lipids (low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein) showed no strong evidence that caregiver participation in diabetes education improved lipid levels. Conclusions: Caregivers play key roles in diabetes management and can contribute to improving patient HbA1c levels. Future research should focus on enhancing caregiver participation in T2DM education.
Sequence Variant Analysis of the APOCII Locus among an Arab Cohort

Apolipoprotein CII (ApocII) plays a key role in regulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in lipid metabolism and transport. Numerous polymorphisms within APOCII are reportedly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, and aberrant plasma lipid levels. Few studies have investigated sequence variants at APOCII loci and their association with metabolic disorders. This study aimed to identify and characterize genetic variants by sequencing the full APOCII locus and its flanking sequences in a sample of the Kuwaiti Arab population, including patients with T2DM, hypertriglyceridemia, non-Arab patients with T2DM, and healthy Arab controls. A total of 52 variants were identified in the noncoding sequences: 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms, wherein five were novel, and seven insertion deletions. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of the 47 previously reported variants was similar to the global MAF and to that reported in major populations. Sequence variant analysis predicted a conserved role for APOCII with a potential role for rs5120 in T2DM and rs7133873 as an informative ethnicity marker. This study adds to the ongoing research that attempts to identify ethnicity-specific variants in the apolipoprotein gene loci and associated LPL genes to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorders.
Mindchanger identification, analysis and recognition: youth perceptions

ABSTRACT Youth participation and activism are considered key factors in making the world a fairer, more inclusive, and sustainable place. In line with this idea, in this work, we aim to understand how young people who actively participate in social organizations perceive the characteristics that define young ‘mindchangers. ’ By this concept, we refer to a young citizen who is committed to social justice and willing to change society’s mindsets and catalyse active participation among their peers. In our research design, we adopted a quantitative methodological approach using a survey procedure. The results reveal a high level of agreement on the traits that define a Mindchanger. We conclude by emphasizing that the characteristics to which young respondents attribute the highest importance, such as ‘promoter of change’, ‘open-minded’, ‘interest in global issues’, ‘open to international solidarity’ and ‘empathy’, appear to have the greatest influence on the likelihood of becoming a Mindchanger.
Impact of Pretreatment and Drying Factors on Chemical and Biochemical Attributes of Moroccan Thompson Seedless Grapes

Drying is a common technique in the agrifood industry, but insufficient control in the drying process can result in changes to the fruit's appearance due to physiological damage during processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pretreatment and drying process parameters on Moroccan raisins' quality and safety. The experimental levels of pretreatment factors (blanching, browning agents) and drying temperature were defined at the beginning. Subsequently, a 24-factorial design was employed to provide a simple and reliable model capable of relating directly the response factor (drying time, color intensity change (E∗), chromaticity (C∗), and browning rate) to the variables (NaOH concentration, antibrowning agent concentration, temperature, and relative humidity). All four parameters had a statistically considerable effect on studied responses. Blanching for 5 minutes at 1% of NaOH solution, using an appropriate concentration of antibrowning agent (5% Na2S2O5), and drying at 70°C with 30% of relative moisture can lead to better preservation of grapes' appearance and quality (chromaticity (C∗) and color change (E∗)). Also, in these conditions, a lower browning rate (14.48%), a lower 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content (12.40 mg/100 g DW), and a higher level of polyphenols (135.79 ± 13.17 mg GAE/100 g DW) and flavonoid content (57.81 ± 3.08 mg Qeq/100 g DW) have been recorded while meeting international standards for SO2 content and microbial quality.