Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conflicting evidence in a Bayesian synthesis of surveillance data to estimate human immunodeficiency virus prevalence

Summary. Inferential approaches based on the synthesis of diverse sources of evidence are increasingly employed in epidemiology as a means of exploiting all available information, perhaps from studies of differing designs. The application of the synthesis of evidence to real world problems generally leads to the formulation of probability models which are highly complex and for which there is a clear need for a well‐defined iterative process of model criticism. This process should include an appraisal of model fit and the detection of inconsistent or conflicting evidence. The latter is especially relevant as, typically, multiple sources of data provide information on the same parameter. Detected conflicts need then to be resolved. We present a case‐study of the detection and resolution of conflicting evidence, using as an illustration the estimation of the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in England and Wales. We employ a Bayesian model to synthesize routine surveillance and survey data. The population aged 15–44 years is divided into mutually exclusive exposure groups. In each group g, we simultaneously estimate the proportion of the total population belonging to the group (ρ≫), the proportion of individuals infected with HIV (π≫) and the proportion of HIV positive individuals who are diagnosed (δ≫). The total number of HIV infections, both diagnosed and undiagnosed, is then estimated as a function of the parameters ρ≫, π≫ and δ≫. Model fit is assessed by examining the posterior mean deviance. Identification of the data items to which the model exhibits a lack of fit leads to the detection of conflicting evidence, one example of which is a conflict between census data and survey data over the size of the female Sub‐Saharan African born population. This conflict arises from a naive interpretation of the representativeness of the survey data and is resolved by using two approaches: exclusion of data and expansion of the model to accommodate the bias.
Empowering Digital Language Literacy in Writing Instructions: Lecturers’ and Students’ Voices

In facing the metaverse era, technology in language instruction plays an essential role in elevating students’ digital literacy. It leads teachers to integrate digital tools utilization in the instructional context to accommodate the students’ need for productive and meaningful learning. Following this issue, this research explores teachers’ and students’ voices regarding the empowerment of Digital Language Literacy in writing instructions. The research method used in this study is a case study. Researchers administered interviews and questionnaires as data collection instruments in obtaining the data. The open-ended interview was carried out with the lecturers of writing courses. Besides, the close-ended questionnaire was also administered to the students of writing courses. The participants of this current study were 3 lecturers and 40 students from two universities in Indonesia. To uphold the theoretical lens of Digital Language Literacy, this research uses and adapts the theory of Eshat (2004) and Porat, Blau & Barack (2018) as the underlying framework. The results showed the three aspects of lecturers’ and students’ perspectives in which they cover Digital Language Literacy implementation, Digital Language Literacy challenges and opportunities, and the ways to empower Digital Language Literacy in the writing instructions. As a result, the research findings contribute to improving digital language literacy implementation, specifically in teaching writing in EFL Higher Education context.
Nanotechnology applications to improve the mechanical properties of lime mortars in archaeological building

The research discusses the different stages of consolidation, examination and analysis procedures that were carried out on the lime mortar that used as a basic building mortar. In Baibars Al-Khayat Mosque, in its dome and mihrab, lime mortar was used as a bonding mortar for cladding stones. The damage aspects of structure mortar have been studied, with the aim of consolidating it, improving its resistance to compressive stress and making it more durable. The bonding mortar was also consolidated to have the highest resistance to tensile stress to which the mortar is exposed as a result of using cladding stones. Samples were taken from the falling mortar and analyzed by different examination and analysis devices: X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope equipped with an elemental analysis unit (EDX). Compression and tensile stress tests were carried out on the samples that had been consolidated at different stages. The results of examination and analysis proved that the used bonding mortar is lime mortar, the stages of consolidation were done on the samples by adding some nanomaterial (Nano-silica, Nano-lime and WackerOH) to the mortar mixture to improve its properties. The samples were tested for compressive stress after salt aging, and then the results were determined, analyzed and discussed, which proved the the success of Nano-silica material with WackerOH then Nano-lime with WackerOH when determining the Compressive Strength, the success of Nano-lime with WackerOH then Nano-silica with Wacker when determining the tensile Strength and finally proved the success of Nano-lime with water, followed by Nano-silica with Wacker when determining the Compressive Strength after salt consolidation.
Response of diet supplemented with mustard oil on production performance in lactating Murrah buffaloes

The study determined the response of diet supplemented with mustard oil on production performance in lactating Murrah buffaloes at Livestock Farm, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P., India. A total of 12 advance pregnant Murrah buffaloes were selected 21 days pre-partum and randomly allocated in 2 groups of 6 each: CON as control with basal diet + no oil and MO as treatment with basal diet + mustard oil supplementation 200 ml/animal/day. The trial was continued for 90 days post-partum. Significant positive response (%) in the daily milk yield, milk fat percent and 6% fat corrected milk yield by 8.10, 9.14 and 14.47, respectively was observed in MO in comparison to CON. Besides, there were insignificant findings for DMI, milk solid not fat, protein and lactose per cent, peak milk yield, persistency of lactation and predicted lactation yield (PLY) between the groups. The study affirms that supplementation of mustard oil improves the production potential of lactating Murrah buffaloes and could be recommended to dairy farmers during transition period and early lactation to earn profits.
The mediating role of organizational excellence between quality management practices and sustainable performance

The inconsistent relationships in the previous research studies related to quality management practices and sustainability have initiated the purpose of this study. Further investigation is prompted to understand better the effects of other intervening variables to explain the nature of the relationship. Therefore, this study investigated the mediating roles of organizational excellence on the relationship between quality management practices (QMP) and sustainability. The QMP considered in this study are human resources management (HRM), service design (SD), information and analysis (IA), benchmarking (BM) and management leadership (ML) with the respective relationship with sustainable performance while being mediated by organizational excellence. A questionnaire survey was administered to 303 companies of Malaysian food and beverage and the returned questionnaires were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results revealed that organizational excellence is a significant mediator of the relationships between ML, SD, HRM and sustainability. The developed framework from this study can be employed by policy and decision-makers to forecast and provide insights into the economy. Managers in the industry should consider the importance of this model when implementing any practice in the future. For future research, it is recommended that a longitudinal study is carried out to evaluate the impact of TQM and organizational excellence on SP.
Synoptic Flow Patterns and Large-Scale Characteristics Associated with Rapidly Intensifying Tropical Cyclones in the South China Sea

AbstractThe typical synoptic flow patterns and environmental factors that favor the rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the South China Sea (SCS) have been identified based on all TCs formed in the SCS between 1981 and 2011. The quantity RI is defined as the 24-h increase in maximum sustained surface wind speed by 15 m s−1 as in previous studies, which is close to the 95th percentile of 24-h intensity change of all SCS samples excluding those after landfall. There are 4.9% (2.3%) of tropical depressions (tropical storms) that experienced RI. No typhoons satisfied the RI threshold.Six low-level synoptic flow patterns favoring RI have been identified based on 18 RI cases. In the monsoon season very few TCs experience RI due to large vertical wind shear (VWS). Most RI cases occurred in the postmonsoon season when the midlatitude troughs often penetrated into the SCS whereas the southwesterly monsoon flow is still strong in the southern SCS. Compared with those of non-RI cases, the mean i.
The Effect of Work-Family Conflict, Communication Pattern, Social Support, and Stress Levels toward Family Quality of Life During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Staying at home during the pandemic COVID-19 should be an opportunity to improve the family's quality of life (QoL). Positively, gathering with family at home provides an opportunity to get to know family members in-depth, but also prone to causing various frictions due to the boundary between office work, housework, and family becoming invisible. This study aims to analyze the effect of work-family conflict, communication patterns, social support, and stress levels on the family quality of life before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The design of this study was a retrospective and cross-sectional study. The study was conducted on nuclear families with working mothers in Jabodetabek and involved 169 working mothers as respondents using voluntary sampling. This study used descriptive analysis, paired two-group analysis, and path analysis. As a result, work-family conflict, communication patterns, social support, stress levels, and quality of life increased during the pandemic. The results of the path analysis found that work-family conflict, communication patterns, and social support had a significant direct effect on family quality of life during a pandemic. The quality of life can be improved by increasing open communication patterns, more social support from husbands and extended families, and reducing work-family conflicts.
Universal behaviour of interoccurrence times between losses in financial markets: An analytical description

We consider 16 representative financial records (stocks, indices, commodities, and exchange rates) and study the distribution PQ(r) of the interoccurrence times r between daily losses below negative thresholds −Q, for fixed mean interoccurrence time RQ. We find that in all cases, PQ(r) follows the form PQ(r)∝1/[(1+(q− 1)βr]1/(q−1), where β and q are universal constants that depend only on RQ, but not on a specific asset. While β depends only slightly on RQ, the q-value increases logarithmically with RQ, q=1+q0 ln(RQ/2), such that for RQ→2, PQ(r) approaches a simple exponential, PQ(r)≅2−r. The fact that PQ does not scale with RQ is due to the multifractality of the financial markets. The analytic form of PQ allows also to estimate both the risk function and the Value-at-Risk, and thus to improve the estimation of the financial risk.
Does Preoperative Laparoscopy for Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Staging Alter Surgical Strategy? A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Laparoscopic staging has been shown in several recent trials to minimize the necessity for exploratory laparotomy significantly among gastrointestinal (GIT) tract cancers. Objective : Studying the importance of laparoscopy in the staging of GIT cancers to be classified as resectable or unresectable, which helps avoid an unwanted laparotomy and its morbidities. Subjects and Methods: At GIT, Liver and Laparoscopy Unit, General Surgery Department of Zagazig University Hospitals, 24 patients with proven gastrointestinal tract carcinoma were recruited. Patients were subjected to preoperative laparoscopic staging under general anesthesia for different GIT cancers found. Pathological examination was done and compared with the computed tomography (CT) and laparoscopy results with regard to the efficacy of staging Results: The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of CT results in comparison with pathological results was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of CT concerning the efficacy of staging. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.789, the sensitivity was 80% and specificity was 78.9%. The ROC curve analysis of preoperative laparoscopic in comparison with pathological results was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of CT concerning the efficacy of staging. The AUC of ROC was 0.763, the sensitivity was 80.0% and specificity was 73.7%. The laparoscopy was significant in assessing resectability with sensitivity of 88.2%, specificity of 85.7%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 75% and positive predictive value (PPV) of 93.8% with accuracy of 87.5% Conclusion : Preoperative laparoscopy is considered a golden key in the staging of GIT cancers (to be classified as resectable or unresectable). Moreover, we found that this benefit aids in preventing the need for a laparotomy.
Maser mapping of small-scale structure in the circumstellar envelope of S Persei

Water and hydroxyl maser emission from the typical red supergiant star S Persei has been mapped using MERLIN. Water maser components are found grouped in clumps which appear to be discrete clouds with a velocity span of ∼1 km s−1 and an angular size of ∼8 milliarcsec (mas). This corresponds to a diameter of (2.5−3) × 1012 m, and is the first measurement of the unbeamed size of maser clouds. By comparing this with the full-width half-maximum (FWHM) beamed angular size, the beaming angle of the brightest partially saturated masers is (1.5 ± 0.8) × 10−3 sr. Water maser cloud brightness temperatures are in the range ∼106 to > 1012 K. The water maser shell has well-defined inner and outer limits of (8−26) × 1012 m. The quenching density at the inner rim shows that the water maser clouds are about 30 times denser than the average wind density in this region. This can be explained if 4–6 dense dusty clouds (with a filling factor of ∼1/70) are formed close to the photosphere during each stellar pulsation period of 2–3 yr. The water masers show evidence for significant acceleration of the wind, and this continues with a shallower gradient into the hydroxyl regions at up to 9.3×1013 m. These results are consistent with a wind driven by radiation pressure on dust, but the ongoing acceleration implies that the dust surface absorption efficiency increases throughout the maser zones. Dust momentum is more efficiently coupled to the gas in the denser clouds, and the drift velocity is greater in less dense regions, consistent with conditions (such as a longer velocity resonance length) required by 1612-MHz masers. The circumstellar envelope appears to be spherical but irregularly filled. The mas resolution at 22 GHz allows the radial distribution of maser brightness to be related to AAVSO light curves. An anomalously dim region in the centre of the shell corresponds to low-amplitude periods in the 1930s; such behaviour is thought to reduce mass-loss and dust formation efficiency.
The Correlation between Serum Inositol 1,4,5 Triphosphate Level and Primary Hypothyroidism

Background: Most primary hypothyroidism patients also experience inefficiency and irregularity. It is possible to understand the significance of myo-inositol in treating the thyroid gland by relating it to the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Study aimed to estimate serum of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) in primary hypothyroidism disorder and through that level it can shed light on whether it is accused of inactivity of the thyroid gland and at the same time open the doors for the use as a treatment. Subject and Methods: The study was taken from the analytical cross-sectional design.120 subjects were divided into three groups, the first group included 40 healthy subjects, the second group included 25 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, and the last group had 55 patients with primary hypothyroidism. with the subjects chosen from a teaching laboratory in the medical city. thyroid hormones and serum TSH was determined using Enzyme Immunoassay by Tosoh instrument assay, while serum inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) using (ELISA) system. Results: primary hypothyroidism patients showed a significant (p≤0.05) decrease level of serum IP3 when compared with healthy subjects. There is significant positive correlation with serum inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) and each triiodothyronine S.T3 (r = 0.581, p ≤0.05), thyroxine S.T4 (r = 0.597, p ≤0.05), and significant negative correlation thyroid-stimulating hormone S.TSH (r=-0.820, p≤0.05), in primary hypothyroidism Patients. Conclusions: inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) deficiency in primary hypothyroidism disorder may be a cause of it happening, at the same time may be useful in its treatment even if it was not studied adequately in the study, but through its effect on a thyroid hormone.
Efficiency of some Organic Matter on Suppression of Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato Plants under Organic Agriculture System

The present work was carried out during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 successive growing seasons at the private organic farm, Bani Salama village, Mansha’at Al Qanater Al Khayriyah County, Giza Governorate, Egypt, to investigate the efficacy of different organic matters, i.e., compost, plant residue, cow manure, vermicompost and humic acid on management of tomato root-rot disease incidence to increase the quality and quantity of tomato fruits. Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Pythium sp. , Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii were isolated from rotted samples of tomato roots. Pathogenicity test proved that these fungi are the main causal pathogens of tomato root-rot diseases. All tested organic matters showed a significant decrease in the linear growth of the isolated pathogenic fungi in vitro. Adding the different organic matters, i.e., plant residue, cow manure and compost “plant residue + cow manure” at the rate of 1.2 kg/m to the soil before transplanting Super Strain B hybrid tomato cv. , as well as dipping tomato seedlings in diluted (1:50), as recommended dose of vermicompost or humic acid separately significantly reduced disease incidence in vivo. Also, assessment the highest increase in the survived plants in comparison with control treatment during both growing seasons. Compost, as rich organic fertilizer at the rate of 1.2 kg/m caused the highest decrease in disease incidence and recorded also, the highest increase in vegetative growth "plant height, No. of brunches/plant and No. of leaves/brunch"; yield parameters; fruit quality "total soluble solid (TSS), vitamin C, protein and total carbohydrate"; chemical components of flavonoid, total phenol and the enzyme activities of peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), chitinase and β-1,3 glucanase during both growing seasons. On the contrary, the plant residue showed the least effect treatment. No clear significant differences were noticed between the other treatments in comparison with control treatment.
Vaccine education to the rescue of students in the COVID-19 revolution

COVID-19 has been observed as the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR), which has naturally advanced education five/ten years ahead of digitalisation. The COVID-19 revolution has obliged everyone to be a student needing to be educated about national lockdowns, personal hygiene practices, digital technologies, and vaccines. This study intended to explore lessons learned by higher education institution (HEI) students in Eswatini, Lesotho, the Republic of South Africa, and Zimbabwe during the COVID-19/5IR which helped them to complete their PhD studies. Using purposive with convenience sampling, this study selected twenty most accessible PhD students. The pragmatic paradigm, participatory action research (PAR), and natural identity were used to frame this study in order to guide reflective activities, Zoom focus-group discussions, and semi-structured interview data-generation methods. Findings indicated that students achieved good education on personal hygiene practices and digital technologies that assisted them to effectively deal/continue with their studies. However, education on vaccines remained a major concern because participants believed that the world was treating symptoms of COVID-19 by vaccinating humans more than dealing with the source/s of the virus before it affected humans. Consequently, this study recommends a good education that balances personal, societal, and professional needs to understand natural identities.
Effect of Precursor Concentration on the Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of WO3 Thin Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis

Using a chemical spray technique, an n-type WO 3 polycrystalline thin film was prepared with optimizing parameters (molarity concentration of 80 mM and a substrate temperature of 350 °C). Study the physical properties of WO 3 thin film via UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, and current-voltage. Tungsten oxide was deposited on glass surfaces at different molarities ranging from 50–90mM. In the UV-Visible spectrum of the WO 3 thin film, it was found that the transmittance, reflectivity, and energy gap decreased (78%–53%), (9.63%–5.02%), and (3.40eV–2.63 eV), respectively. The X-ray diffraction of the WO 3 film at the optimized was poly-crystalline and had a monoclinic phase, and the preferred orientation (hkl) was 200 at 2 = 24.19. From the image FESEM and EDX, it was found that it has a multi-fibrous network. The average diameter of the fiber is 266 nm, and the ratio of tungsten to oxygen (W/O) is 2.6, with a stoichiometric of 68.6% at the 80 mM concentration. The Atomic Force Microscopy shows that the WO 3 thin layer has a nanostructure. The average surface roughness was 5.3 nm, and the Root Mean Square was 8.6 nm. The WO 3 film had the lowest resistivity value of 2.393 × 108  cm, and the activation energy was 0.298 eV, among the parameter of the current voltage at substrate temperature and concentration optimum.