Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ideotype and relationship between morpho-physiological characters and yield in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

Twelve genotypes of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czemj. & Cosson] were evaluated for various yield and morpho- physiological characters during 1990 and 1991. The genotypes were classified basal or non-basal branching type on the basis of the presence or absence of at least 1 productive primary branch within 30 cm height of the plant. A correlation analysis revealed that the traits related to basal branching were positively associated among themselves as well as with the seed yield. There were desirable and negative associations of basal branching characters with flowering time and plant height. Thus breeding for early maturing basal branching plant types with medium height and high yield is possible.
Major Constituents of the Predominant Endophytic Fungi from the Nigerian Plants Bryophyllum Pinnatum, Morinda Lucida and Jathropha Gossypiifolia

In a chemical screening of fungal strains endophytic to Nigerian plants, Diaporthe phaseolorum, the endophyte of Bryophyllum pinnatum, gave cytochalasin D and (3R,4R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-tetralone, Neurospora discreta from Morinda lucida yielded multiforisin I and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, while Aspergillus japonicus from Jatropha gossypiifolia gave (+)-eupenoxide and microsphaerone C, a new 4-pyridone derivative. When tested for cytotoxic activity, cytochalasin D displayed strong activity towards the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y, while the remaining compounds, except 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, were found to be moderately active.
On the Performance of Battery-Assisted PS-SWIPT Enabled DF Relaying

Compared with the conventional simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) based relaying with “harvest-then-forward” protocol, the battery-assisted SWIPT relaying is more practical and powerful due to the joint use of the harvested energy and supplementary battery. However, to the best of our knowledge, the performance of a battery-assisted power splitting (PS)-SWIPT decode-and-forward (DF) relay system has not been studied. In this paper, for a given amount of energy from the relay’s battery, we propose to maximize the outage and ergodic capacities by optimizing the static and dynamic PS ratios that rely on statistical and instantaneous channel state information (CSI), respectively, and derive their corresponding outage and ergodic capacities. Computer simulations validate our analytical results and demonstrate the advantages of the dynamic PS over the static PS in terms of the outage and ergodic capacities, as well as the energy efficiency.
Autologous transobturator midurethral sling.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe a novel transobturator midurethral sling surgery technique by using rectus abdominis fascia. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 54-year-old woman complaining of urinary leakage during effort was diagnosed as pure stress urinary incontinence after detailed questioning, pelvic examination, uroflowmetry and measurement of residual urine volume. She was anxious about complications related to synthetic meshes. However, she was not interested in relatively morbid surgeries such as colposuspension and pubovaginal sling. Autologous transobturator midurethral sling was discussed with the patient. The patient approved the surgery and the surgery was planned. A 5 cm rectus fascia was harvested via suprapubic incision and non-absorbable stay sutures were placed on its' both edges. Anterior vaginal incision together with paravaginal dissection was performed, as in classical transobturator sling surgery. Groin puncture and blind dissection of adipose tissue was performed. C-shaped trocars were inserted, and advanced through groin punctures and brought up to midurethral incision by finger guidance. Stay sutures were transported via C-shaped trocars to the groin puncture in both sides. Graft was positioned on the midurethral part without any tension and stay sutures were tied to create a tissue bridge on obturator membrane. Incisions were closed and vaginal tampon was placed. Patient was discharged at the first postoperative day. RESULTS At postoperative third and sixth months, patient was totally dry and did not have any voiding complaints. Small abdominal and vaginal incisions were clean, as well. CONCLUSION Autologous transobturator midurethral sling surgery is a safe, effective and feasible surgical option for stress urinary incontinence in the era which mesh-related concerns are rising. Studies with larger volume and long-term follow up periods are needed.
The role of transobturaor vaginal tape (TOT) in the management of female stress urinary incontinence - 2 year follow up, Minia University experience

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a new minimally invasive surgical procedure, trans-obturator vaginal tape (TVT-O), in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence and following-up these cases for 24 months regarding effectiveness, safety and possibility of complications.Type of the Study: with a 24 -months follow-up.Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.Patients: Thirty women with genuine stress urinary incontinence (SUI) demonstrated by history, clinical examination and urodynamic study.Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with SUI underwent trans-obturator sling (inside-out technique) (TVT-O Gynecare®, Johnsonand Johnson, USA.). Outcome Measures: The patients were followed up for 24 - months regarding subjective and objective cure rates.Results: The mean operative time (min.) was 19.67 (±8.06). The mean intraoperative blood loss (ml) was 80 ± 30.52. There were no cases complicated with intraoperative bleeding (mild or severe), bladder, urethral, vascular injuries and anesthetic complications. Subjective and objective cure rates of these patients were (95%). Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that management of genuine stress urinary incontinence by trans-obturator vaginal tape (TVT-O) is an easy and safe method with low complications and high success rate.
Interactive effects of stripe rust and plant competition in heterogeneous wheat populations

Finckh, M. R. , and Mundt, C. C. 1991. Effects of plant competition on stripe rust in wheat cultivar mixtures. Phytopathology 81:000-000. Mixtures of two-to-five winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars and their component pure stands were either exposed to or protected from two stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) races at three and two locations in 1986/87 and 1987/88, respectively. Disease severity and yield components were determined on a per-cultivar basis for a subset of the mixtures and also for the pure stands. Disease severity in the mixtures compared to the arithmetic mean of the pure stands was reduced between 6 and 97%. Changes in disease severity could be separated into two effects. First, selection changed frequencies of the cultivars in the mixtures by up to 35% at harvest as compared to the planted frequencies. Reductions in overall disease severity in mixtures due to selection for the more resistant cultivar were as high as 47%, and increases in overall disease severity due to selection for the more susceptible cultivar were as high as 11% over the mean disease severity in the pure stands. Second, the epidemiological effect of host diversity reduced disease severity on individual cultivars below that observed in their pure stands.
The effectiveness of a computer-based method to support eating intervention among economically disadvantaged children in Malaysia

Aims and objectives: This article presents findings from a dietary intervention designed to improve the nutritional knowledge, attitudes, intentions and dietary intake of socially disadvantaged children. Design: Quasi-experimental design. Methods: A total of 201 (treatment group n = 106, control n = 95) children completed the questionnaire at pre- and post-test. Data from 99 participants from the treatment group were included at 12-month follow-up. The treatment group received a dual intervention of computer-based and traditional methods for 3 consecutive weeks. Results: The findings show no significant differences in scores of dietary knowledge and intentions between pre- and post-measures in both treatment and control groups. At post-test, however, the treatment group reported a better knowledge score, a significantly higher intention to limit unhealthy food and a more negative attitude towards less healthy food than the control group. The results of the short-term evaluation suggest that only the treatment group showed a significant reduction in unhealthy food consumption and a significant increase in vegetable intake. Nevertheless, at follow-up, these effects were not sustained. Prospectively, however, we found a predictive effect of dietary knowledge and intentions on food intake at follow-up. Conclusion: Given the relatively short-term effects achieved by the intervention, it remains crucial to understand the aspects of short-term interventions that may lead to longer term effects, as well as the mechanisms underlying dietary intake among this group of children.
Circadian pattern of Camponotus saundersi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)in Tropical Rain Forest of Danum Valley,Sabah (Malaysia)

The exploding ant Camponotus saundersi is a rarely studied ant species especially their behaviour. This research mainly composes of observations of the workers' circadian patterns. Observations were made on three colonies of C. saundersi in Danum Valley, Sabah, Malaysia. A five day observation period was allocated on each of the colonies. The circadian pattern was observed by counting the number of individuals that enter and leave the nest for one minute each in the interval of 30 minutes. Workers of C. saundersi were observed to be active between 0400 and 1900 hrs daily. There were peaks of activities within the active period. However, one of the three colonies showed a slight longer activity.
Bacterial-fungal interactions highlighted using microbiomics:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and bacteria can interact synergistically to stimulate plant growth through a range of mechanisms that include improved nutrient acquisition and inhibition of fungal plant pathogens. These interactions may be of crucial importance within sustainable, low-input agricultural cropping systems that rely on biological processes rather than agrochemicals to maintain plant health. The first goal of the present work was to further develop and optimise a method, bromodeoxyuridine immunocapture, suitable for the identification of actively growing bacteria in soil containing abundant AM fungi. DNA was extracted from soil that had been incubated with BrdU for 2 days, and the DNA was isolated by immunocapture of the BrdU-containing DNA. The actively growing bacteria in the community were identified by 16S rRNA gene PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. One of the actively growing bacteria, Bacillus cereus strain VA1, was isolated from the soil, tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and shown to clearly attach to AM fungal hyphae. It was subsequently shown, however, that this bacterial strain had preferences for non-vital AM fungal hyphae, whereas one of the control strains, Paenibacillus brasilensis PB177, actually showed greater attachment to vital hyphae. A second objective was to study the impact of specific AM fungi and plant type on the actively growing soil bacterial communities, by using the BrdU method in combination with a fingerprinting technique (e.g. terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, T-RFLP). This microbiomics (e.g. molecular tools for analysis of complex microbial communities) approach revealed distinct differences in bacterial community composition within the treatments, and the putative identities of the dominant bacterial species, activated as a result of Glomus mosseae inoculation, were found to be mostly uncultured bacteria and Paenibacillus sp. , indicating the great significance of using an approach not relying on the culturability of the bacteria. Finally, Paenibacillus brasilensis PB177, previously shown to be associated with AM fungi, was shown to inhibit growth of several phytopathogenic fungi. In summary, the results of these studies provide novel valuable insights to consider when developing combined microbial inocula (e.g. bacteria and AM fungi) for enhancing plant growth within sustainable agriculture in the future.
Severity and Spatial Distribution of Boron Toxicity in Barley Cultivated Areas of Central Anatolia and Transitional Zones

The aim of this study was to determine the severity and spatial distribution of boron toxicity symptoms on barley cultivated areas in Central Anatolia and Transitional Zones (CATZs). Boron concentrations of plants sampled from barley cultivated areas of the CATZs region at 189 sites during springs 1996 and 1997 were determined. Boron toxicity symptoms were observed mainly in small areas near Konya-Cumra, Ankara-Golbasi, Yenikent and Yozgat-Yerkoy and between the provinces of Konya and Aksaray. While boron toxicity symptoms were not observed in 79% of samples, 15% and 6% of samples showed light and medium-severe toxicity symptoms, respectively. As boron toxicity scores increased, boron concentrations of the plant samples increased (r = 0.728, P < 0.01). However, the linear relation between boron toxicity score and boron concentrations of soil was not convincing (r = 0.367). Combining all sites and boron toxicity scores, a map was constructed to demonstrate extra boron covering areas. Plants samples were free from boron symptoms in spite of the fact that their boron concentrations were up to 44.4 ppm. It was concluded that boron toxicity is not a common problem in CATZs, but it could be a problem in some localities of the region. The low frequency of boron problems may be attributed to common cultivation of boron tolerant barley cultivars, which have been improved under CATZ conditions over the last decade.
Efficacy of Exercise Time Models in Weight-Loss and Coronary Risk Panel of Middle-Aged Females

Background: Age-related obesity, besides genetics, depends on diet and exercise. There are various strategies for the time duration of exercise. Nevertheless, there continues to be little knowledge about its diverse models for women in middle-age. Objectives: This study investigated the impacts of interval training on the loss of weight and coronary risk panel and compared its effectiveness with continuous training effectiveness. Methods: This research was a simplified randomized trial. Participants (n = 86) were selected among sedentary overweight or obese women aged 45 - 65 years who had attended (during the three months before the study) weight-loss consulting programs. Of all 86 participants, 74 completed the study. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: A group with continuous training and a group with interval training. The weight assessment parameters, including change of weight, body composition, and blood sample tests, were carried out before and after the 12-week intervention. Results: In comparison with baseline data, all parameters changed significantly in both groups. The study groups showed a similar weight loss pattern after the intervention. The same changes were noticed in the body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in post-test groups (P > 0.05). Elevation in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels differed significantly in post-test groups (P < 0.05). The decrease in the ratio of TC to HDL-C was more in interval exercise than in continuous training. Conclusions: Both exercise time models could improve significantly the weight loss parameters but it seems that the interval-training pattern provides more health along with weight loss. This may be clinically useful and provide a physical activity guideline for body weight loss in middle-aged women.
Assessment of cochlear implantation outcome in patients with enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome

Context Theoverall outcome of cochlear implantation (CI) in patients with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) was comparable to other CI users. However, there were various concerns regarding surgical issues that may affect postoperative outcome. Moreover, exact timing for CI is still a matter of debate owing to the fluctuating nature of the disorder. Aim This study aimed to investigate speech and language outcome in patients with EVA who had undergone CI. Patients and methods This prospective study included 48 participants who underwent CI. The participants’ age ranged from 4 to 28 years. The participants were divided according to preoperative radiological studies of petrous temporal bone into isolated EVA, EVA-IPII (incomplete partition type II), and control groups. Patients’ records were revised for preoperative investigations as well as available intraoperative data. Aided hearing thresholds, auditory skills, and aided speech perception abilities were all assessed postoperatively in all participants. Results No major surgical complications were found in patients with EVA. Speech and language development in EVA group was comparable to that of control group. Conclusion CI outcomes in patients with EVA regarding surgical issues, auditory benefit, and speech perception abilities are generally good.
Corpus-based methods in analyses of Second Language Acquisition data

Second Language Acquisition (SLA) is a truly interdisciplinary field at the intersection of psychology, linguistics, applied linguistics, psycholinguistics, and educational science. Given the large number of associated fields and the fact that each of these fields has undergone considerable changes in a time period as short as the last 50 years, it is only natural that SLA is a diverse field in terms of both the theoretical approaches that have been adopted and the data and methodologies that have been applied. The present article looks at SLA at the intersection of the theoretical approach of Cognitive Linguistics—as is obvious from the title of this handbook—and the methodology of Corpus Linguistics—as is obvious from the title of the chapter. After a short introduction, I will first give a very brief overview of those characteristics of Cognitive Linguistics that are relevant in this connection. Then, I will discuss assumptions underlying contemporary Corpus Linguistics and at the same time highlight the large degree of overlap of the two fields. In the main section of this article, Section 4, I will discuss the main three methods of Corpus Linguistics and their application in SLA research. Section 5 will conclude and present some caveats and desiderata. Let me begin by briefly clarifying a few things. First, some scholars distinguish between second language learning (L2 learning) and foreign language learning (FLL). In such cases, the former is used to refer to the learning of a language other than one’s first language that takes place in a geographical/sociological context where the target language is spoken. The latter, by contrast, is used to refer to the learning of a language other than one’s first language that takes place in a geographical/sociological
Effects of Physiotherapeutic Interventions on Quality of Life and Respiratory Function of subjects with COPD

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) treatment includes a multidisciplinary approach, with physiotherapy a prominent role that promotes a positive impact on the quality of life (QOL) of these patients. Objective: To analyze the effects of physiotherapeutic interventions on QOL, lung volumes and capacities, and respiratory muscle strength in COPD patients. Methods: 17 subjects participated in the study, randomly divided into 2 groups: 1) Maneuvers: 62.7 ± 15.4 years, 1.65 ± 0.12 m, 81.4 ± 18.2 kg, body Mass Index (BMI) 29.9± 5.0 kg/m2 ; 2) Threshold: 64.4 ± 11.2 years, 1.58 ± 0.08 m, 70.7 ± 9.4 kg, BMI 28.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2 , with COPD, without neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular or cognitive impairment, which made it impossible to participate in the physiotherapeutic intervention programs. QOL was analyzed using the Saint George Hospital questionnaire on Respiratory Disease (SGRQ); spirometry and respiratory muscle strength were analyzed by manovacuometry using a pneumotachograph. Data were analyzed in SPSS (20.0), Student’s t-test (paired) and Wilcoxon test were used for pre and post-intervention comparison of the SGRQ domains and total score, Vital Capacity (VC), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1 ), Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP); and Student’s t-tests (independent) and Mann-Whitney were used in the intergroup comparison, all with a significance level of 5%. Results: There was a significant difference in both groups (P<0.05) in the pre- and post-intervention comparison of the three domains (Symptoms, Activities and Psychosocial Impact) and total SGRQ score, but this did not occur with spirometric variables. In the manovacuometry, the Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in the pre and post-intervention values of MIP and MEP. Conclusion: Improved QOL and MIP and MEP muscle strength of all COPD patients was observed, regardless of the groups Maneuvers or Threshold.
Predators and parasitoids of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu.

Solenopsis mealybug, ( Phenacoccus solenopsis ) infests cotton at Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. During the surveys carried out during 2008-10, coccinellids Scymnus nubilus Mulsant, Hyperaspis maindroni Sicard, green lacewing, spiders, Aenasius bambawalei Hayat, Homalotylus eytelwenii Ratzeburg (Encyrtidae) Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault and Coccophagus sp. (Aphelinidae) were recorded. The per cent emergence of S. nubilus was highest (68%) during second week of February and lowest (6%) during last week of November. The highest percentage (18%) of H. maindroni was recorded during second week of February and lowest (2%) during third week of March. The highest parasitisation (76%) by A. bambawalei was recorded during last week of February whereas it was lowest (8%) during last week of December. Similarly, the highest parasitisation (28%) by P. unfasciativentris was recorded during third week of February whereas it was lowest (2%) during third week of March. But the percent parasitized mealybug by Coccophagus sp . was very lower than others. A. bambawalei and P. unfasciativentris were most common parasitoids on mealybug P. solenopsis in cotton.