Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Pediatric Patients With Celiac Disease Identified Due to an Affected First-Degree Family Member

The incidence of celiac disease in first-degree relatives of affected individuals is higher than in the general population, yet the clinical characteristics of this unique subset of patients has not been well described. Through a retrospective review of patients seen in a tertiary care pediatric celiac disease clinic, we identified 49 patients diagnosed with celiac disease following screening due to an affected first-degree relative. Although 51% of patients screened due to an affected first-degree relative were asymptomatic, their disease histology was as severe as those screened for symptoms suggestive of celiac disease. These findings support current recommendations to screen all first-degree relatives of patients with celiac disease regardless of clinical symptoms.
Local stressors mask the effects of warming in freshwater ecosystems

Abstract Climate warming is a ubiquitous stressor in freshwater ecosystems, yet its interactive effects with other stressors are poorly understood. We address this knowledge gap by testing the ability of three contrasting null models to predict the joint impacts of warming and a range of other aquatic stressors using a new database of 296 experimental combinations. Despite concerns that stressors will interact to cause synergisms, we found that net impacts were usually best explained by the effect of the stronger stressor alone (the dominance null model), especially if this stressor was a local disturbance associated with human land use. Prediction accuracy depended on stressor identity and how asymmetric stressors were in the magnitude of their effects. These findings suggest we can effectively predict the impacts of multiple stressors by focusing on the stronger stressor, as habitat alteration, nutrients and contamination often override the biological consequences of higher temperatures in freshwater ecosystems.
Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control

Antioxidant intervention is considered to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate hyperglycemia. Paradoxically, moderate exercise can produce ROS to improve diabetes. The exact redox mechanism of these two different approaches remains largely unclear. Here, by comparing exercise and antioxidant intervention on type 2 diabetic rats, we found moderate exercise upregulated compensatory antioxidant capability and reached a higher level of redox balance in the liver. In contrast, antioxidant intervention achieved a low-level redox balance by inhibiting oxidative stress. Both of these two interventions could promote glucose catabolism and inhibit gluconeogenesis through activation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling; therefore, ameliorating diabetes. During exercise, different levels of ROS generated by exercise have differential regulations on the activity and expression of hepatic AMPK. Moderate exercise-derived ROS promoted hepatic AMPK glutathionylation activation. However, excessive exercise increased oxidative damage and inhibited the activity and expression of AMPK. Overall, our results illustrate that both exercise and antioxidant intervention improve blood glucose control in diabetes by promoting redox balance, despite different levels of redox state(s). These results indicate that the AMPK signaling activation, combined with oxidative damage markers, could act as sentinel biomarkers, reflecting the threshold of redox balance that is linked to effective glucose control in diabetes. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the precise management of diabetes by antioxidants and exercise.
New Jatrophane‐Type Diterpenoids from Euphorbia kansui as Potential MDR Reversal Agents

A serial jatrophane‐type diterpenoids, comprised with three undescribed compounds kanesulones C−E (1–3) and four known ones (4–7), were obtained from the roots of Euphorbia kansui. The structures of compounds 1–3 were elucidated by detailed interpretation of their spectroscopic data, especially 2D‐NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS, the absolute configuration of 1 was revealed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. These isolates were assayed for their multidrug resistance reversing activities on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF‐7/ADR. Compound 1 possessed potential as low toxic MDR modulator that could promote the efficacy of anticancer drug adriamycin ca. 85‐fold at 5 μM, as 12 times stronger than the positive drug verapamil.
The consumers’ response to product design: a narrative review

Abstract This paper reviews the research ideas around consumer response to product design. From the product side, we discuss the most significant design features preferred by average consumers, such as aesthetics and utility. And from the consumer side, we investigate the human factors influencing consumer perceptions. We present the main approaches used to measure the consumer response to product design and summarize the multiple biases that occur during the evaluation. Finally, we present in detail the most commonly used methods to analyze consumer response data and their roles in the design evaluation context. Practitioner Summary: To answer the question: What causes differences in design response? We summarise the research findings related to product design features and human factors. We highlight the biases that can emerge from the measurement approach. And discuss the most common analysis methods used for product design response information.
Pulmonary effects of e-liquid flavors: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are purported to be tobacco harm-reduction products whose degree of harm has been highly debated. EC use is considered less hazardous than smoking but is not expected to be harmless. Following the banning of e-liquid flavors in countries such as the US, Finland, Ukraine, and Hungary, there are growing concerns regarding the safety profile of e-liquid flavors used in ECs. While these are employed extensively in the food industry and are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) when ingested, GRAS status after inhalation is unclear. The aim of this review was to assess evidence from 38 reports on the adverse effects of flavored e-liquids on the respiratory system in both in vitro and in vivo studies published between 2006 and 2021. Data collected demonstrated greater detrimental effects in vitro with cinnamon (9 articles), strawberry (5 articles), and menthol (10 articles), flavors than other flavors. The most reported effects among these investigations were perturbations of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and enhanced cytotoxicity. There is sufficient evidence to support the toxicological impacts of diacetyl- and cinnamaldehyde-containing e-liquids following human inhalation; however, safety profiles on other flavors are elusive. The latter may result from inconsistencies between experimental approaches and uncertainties due to the contributions from other e-liquid constituents. Further, the relevance of the concentration ranges to human exposure levels is uncertain. Evidence indicates that an adequately controlled and consistent, systematic toxicological investigation of a broad spectrum of e-liquid flavors may be required at biologically relevant concentrations to better inform public health authorities on the risk assessment following exposure to EC flavor ingredients.
Predictive Subset Selection using Regression Trees and RBF Neural Networks Hybridized with the Genetic Algorithm

In this paper we develop a novel nonparametric predictive subset regression modeling pro- cedure that involves a combination of regression trees with radial basis function (RBF) neural networks hybridized with the genetic algorithm (GA) to carry out the subset selection of the best predictors. We use the information-theoretic measure of complexity (ICOMP) criterion of(5, 6, 7, 8) as our fitness function to choose the best approximating radial basis functions and to choose the best subset of pre- dictors with the GA. To avoid the potential singularities in the design matrix, we combine our model with analytical global ridge regression for regularization. On the other hand, estimation and prediction performance of model also taken into account for best subset chosen.
Some new function spaces of variable smoothness

A new Besov space of variable smoothness is introduced on which the norm is defined in terms of difference relations. This space is shown to be the trace of a weighted Sobolev space with a weight in the corresponding Muckenhoupt class. Methods of nonlinear spline approximation are applied to derive an atomic decomposition theorem for functions in a Besov space of variable smoothness. A complete description of traces on the hyperplane of a Besov space of variable smoothness and of a weighted Besov space with a weight in the corresponding Muckenhoupt class is given. Bibliography: 27 titles.
A REVISED PARALLEL-SEQUENCE MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF GALAXIES: STRUCTURE AND FORMATION OF S0 AND SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES

We update van den Bergh's parallel-sequence galaxy classification in which S0 galaxies form a sequence S0a–S0b–S0c that parallels the sequence Sa–Sb–Sc of spiral galaxies. The ratio B/T of bulge-to-total light defines the position of a galaxy in this tuning-fork diagram. Our classification makes one major improvement. We extend the S0a–S0b–S0c sequence to spheroidal (“Sph”) galaxies that are positioned in parallel to irregular galaxies in a similarly extended Sa–Sb–Sc–Im sequence. This provides a natural “home” for spheroidals, which previously were omitted from galaxy classification schemes or inappropriately combined with ellipticals. To motivate our juxtaposition of Sph and Im galaxies, we present photometry and bulge–disk decompositions of four rare, late-type S0s that bridge the gap between the more common S0b and Sph galaxies. NGC 4762 is an edge-on SB0bc galaxy with a very small classical-bulge-to-total ratio of B/T = 0.13 ± 0.02. NGC 4452 is an edge-on SB0 galaxy with an even tinier pseudobulge-to-total ratio of PB/T = 0.017 ± 0.004. It is therefore an SB0c. VCC 2048, whose published classification is S0, contains an edge-on disk, but its “bulge” plots in the structural parameter sequence of spheroidals. It is therefore a disky Sph. And NGC 4638 is similarly a “missing link” between S0s and Sphs—it has a tiny bulge and an edge-on disk embedded in an Sph halo. In the Appendix, we present photometry and bulge–disk decompositions of all Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys Virgo Cluster Survey S0s that do not have published decompositions. We use these data to update the structural parameter correlations of Sph, S+Im, and E galaxies. We show that Sph galaxies of increasing luminosity form a continuous sequence with the disks (but not bulges) of S0c–S0b–S0a galaxies. Remarkably, the Sph–S0–disk sequence is almost identical to that of Im galaxies and spiral galaxy disks. We review published observations for galaxy transformation processes, particularly ram-pressure stripping of cold gas. We suggest that Sph galaxies are transformed, “red and dead” Scd–Im galaxies in the same way that many S0 galaxies are transformed, red and dead Sa–Sc spiral galaxies.
Biological treatment for erythrodermic psoriasis

ABSTRACT Introduction Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is an extreme and potentially life-threatening form of psoriasis in which most or all of the body surface area is affected by psoriasis. It occurs in 1–2% of patients with psoriasis and is less responsive to conventional therapies. Biologics have shown promise in the management of EP. Areas covered This review briefly discusses the pathophysiology of EP. Current evidence on established and emerging targeted therapies for EP is covered, including anti-TNF-α biologics, IL-12/23, IL-17, and IL-23 inhibitors. Expert opinion The need for rapidly acting, safe, and efficacious agents in EP has been met with advent of newer biologics, particularly IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors. These targeted approaches warrant consideration as first-line management option for the management of EP; however, high-quality evidence regarding their long-term efficacy and safety in EP is lacking. Novel biologics such as bimekizumab and mirikizumab, and nanobodies such as netakimab and sonelokimab have shown promise in the management of plaque psoriasis, and potential of these molecules in management of EP should be explored. Management of patients with prior biologic failure remains a challenge. Guidelines for the management of EP need to be revisited in light of the recent advances.
Modeling psychological well‐being among abdominal and pelvic cancer patients: The roles of total pain, meaning in life, and coping

Relationships between pain and well‐being are mediated by a variety of factors. This study examines a serial mediating role of meaning in life and coping in the relationship of total pain with psychological well‐being in abdominal and pelvic cancer (APC) patients. Total pain is understood in terms of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual components interacting upon one another.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of premalignant pancreatic-cystic neoplasms and neuroendocrine tumors: prospective study

Background Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is a developing therapeutic approach for premalignant pancreatic-cystic neoplasms (PCNs) and small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). The safety and efficacy of pancreatic EUS-RFA were previously reported in small series. Herein we report our initial experience with RFA of PCNs and small PNETs. Methods This is a prospective single-center study including 12 patients with a median follow-up of 7 months, with either PCN or PNET <2 cm. Eligible PCNs were either intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) with worrisome features or mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) that were not eligible or refused surgery. Ablation was performed using a 19-gauge dedicated needle. Results Twelve patients were treated, five had PCNs (four IPMNs, one MCN; median size of 36 mm, range 12–60) and seven had PNETs (median size 8.9 mm, range 6–18). Among patients with PCNs, the complete radiologic response was achieved in 3/5 (60%), partial response in 1/5 (20%) and failure in 1/5 (20%). Among six patients with nonfunctioning PNETs, the complete radiologic response was achieved in 4/6 (66.7%), partial radiologic response in 0/6 (0%) and failure in 2/6 (33.3%). Following a median follow-up of 7 months. One patient with insulinoma showed complete resolution of hypoglycemia-related symptoms. Three postprocedural adverse events occurred, including one case (1/12, 8.3%) of mild acute pancreatitis and two cases (2/12, 16.7%) of abdominal pain. Conclusion EUS-guided RFA for premalignant PCNs and PNETs is feasible and well-tolerated. Efficacy would be further evaluated with continued follow-up of patients.
WFPC2 Synphot Update

The STSDAS tables used by synphot to provide the photometric calibration information in the image headers have been updated on the basis of new calibration data. All UV filters shortward of F439W were updated, as well as some of the more frequently-used broadband filters redward of F439W (F450W, F555W, F606W, F675W, F702W, F785LP, F791W, F814W, F850LP, and F1042M). Changes were installed in the OPUS pipeline on May 16, 1997. With a few exceptions, changes to non-UV filter modes were relatively minor: generally ~1-2% or less (changes in F785LP, F850LP, and F1042M were higher: ~1-4%, ~1-6%, and ~2-15% respectively, depending on the chip.). The UV filters required somewhat larger changes to bring synphot into agreement with the observations, ranging from ~2% (e.g., F255W and F300W) to ~5% (F170W, F218W) to 10% or more (F160BW, F375N). Any filters not updated at this time will be checked with observations recently executed and updated later in 1997 if necessary.
Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Myeloperoxidase enzyme with Severe Asthma: A comparative study.

Background Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) may stimulate airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma, which is also affected by neutrophils activity. The latter can be determined indirectly by evaluating myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The insufficient studies that investigated the combined association of serum TNF-α and MPO with asthma was objective of this study. Methods A case-control study included 110-asthmatics besides 92-controls. All participants underwent venous sampling for TNF-α and MPO immunoassays. A percentage of predicted "forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%)", and the "peak expiratory flow rate (PEF/L)" of all participants were verified. The statistical analyses had done using SPSS V-25. The accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and significance of both biomarkers to distinguish asthma examined "under the ROC-curves". Results High TNF-α levels observed among the controls(p-0.006), opposing the higher MPO levels among the patients(p-0.00). There were nonsignificant variations of two biomarkers between the treatment groups and nonsignificant correlations of MPO with FEV1 and PEF. There was a significant correlation of MPO with the TNF-α levels of all participants. The TNF-α showed lower sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to diagnose asthma. There were no MPO differences according to asthma levels. The TNF-α was higher among the severe asthmatics significantly. Discussion TNF-α may be a contributory particle for neutrophilic inflammation of severe asthma. MPO levels were significantly higher among asthmatics, whereas TNF-α levels were lower. TNF-α levels were higher among those with severe compared to mild/moderate asthma. The MPO level has a significant predictive capacity compared to TNF-α for distinguishing asthma from healthy subjects.
Global structure of isothermal X-ray emission along the Fermi bubbles

In our previous works (Kataoka et al. 2013, Tahara et al. 2015), we found absorbed thermal X-ray plasma with kT ~ 0.3 keV observed ubiquitously near the edges of the Fermi bubbles and interpreted this emission as weakly shock-heated Galactic halo (GH) gas. Here we present a systematic and uniform analysis of archival Suzaku (29 pointings; 6 newly presented) and Swift (68 pointings; 49 newly presented) data within Galactic longitudes |l| 0 deg) favors (ii), whereas that of the south (b < 0 deg) is rather close to (i), but weak excess signature is clearly detected also in the south like NPS (South Polar Spur; SPS). Such an asymmetry, if due to the bubbles, cannot be fully understood only by the inclination of bubbles' axis against the Galactic disk normal, thus suggesting asymmetric outflow due to different environmental/initial condition.
On tamely ramified $\mathcal G$-bundles on curves

We consider parahoric Bruhat-Tits group schemes over a smooth projective curve and torsors under them. If the characteristic of the ground field is either zero or positive but not too small and the generic fiber is absolutely simple and simply-connected, we show that such group schemes can be written as invariants of reductive group schemes over a tame cover of the curve. We relate the torsors under the Bruhat-Tits group scheme and torsors under the reductive group scheme over the cover which are equivariant for the action of the covering group. For this, we develop a theory of local types for such equivariant torsors. We also relate the moduli stacks of torsors under the Bruhat-Tits group scheme and equivariant torsors under the reductive group scheme over the cover. In an Appendix, B. Conrad provides a proof of the Hasse principle for adjoint groups over function fields with finite field of constants.
Pseudospectrum of horizonless compact objects: A bootstrap instability mechanism

Recent investigations of the pseudospectrum in black hole spacetimes have shown that quasinormal mode frequencies suffer from spectral instabilities. This phenomenon may severely affect gravitational-wave spectroscopy and limit precision tests of general relativity. We extend the pseudospectrum analysis to horizonless exotic compact objects which possess a reflective surface arbitrarily close to the Schwarzschild radius, and find that their quasinormal modes also suffer from an overall spectral instability. Even though all the modes themselves decay monotonically, the pseudospectrum contours of equal resonance magnitude around the fundamental mode and the lowest overtones can cross the real axis into the unstable regime of the complex plane, unveiling the existence of nonmodal pseudo-resonances. A pseudospectrum analysis further predicts that fluctuations to the system may destabilize the object when next to leading-order effects are considered, as the triggering of pseudo-resonant growth can break the order-expansion of black-hole perturbation theory.
NEURAL MARIONETTE: A Transformer-based Multi-action Human Motion Synthesis System

We present a neural network-based system for long-term, multi-action human motion synthesis. The system, dubbed as NEURAL MARIONETTE, can produce high-quality and meaningful motions with smooth transitions from simple user input, including a sequence of action tags with expected action duration, and optionally a hand-drawn moving trajectory if the user specifies. The core of our system is a novel Transformer-based motion generation model, namely MARIONET, which can generate diverse motions given action tags. Different from existing motion generation models, MARIONET utilizes contextual information from the past motion clip and future action tag, dedicated to generating actions that can smoothly blend historical and future actions. Specifically, MARIONET first encodes target action tag and contextual information into an action-level latent code. The code is unfolded into frame-level control signals via a time unrolling module, which could be then combined with other frame-level control signals like the target trajectory. Motion frames are then generated in an auto-regressive way. By sequentially applying MARIONET, the system NEURAL MARIONETTE can robustly generate long-term, multi-action motions with the help of two simple schemes, namely"Shadow Start"and"Action Revision". Along with the novel system, we also present a new dataset dedicated to the multi-action motion synthesis task, which contains both action tags and their contextual information. Extensive experiments are conducted to study the action accuracy, naturalism, and transition smoothness of the motions generated by our system.
Escaping saddle points in zeroth-order optimization: two function evaluations suffice

Zeroth-order methods are useful in solving black-box optimization and reinforcement learning problems in unknown environments. It uses function values to estimate the gradient. As optimization problems are often nonconvex, it is a natural question to understand how zeroth-order methods escape saddle points. In this paper, we consider zeroth-order methods, that at each iteration, may freely choose 2m function evaluations where m ranges from 1 to d, with d denoting the problem dimension. We show that by adding an appropriate isotropic perturbation at each iteration, a zeroth-order algorithm based on 2m function evaluations per iteration can not only find ǫ-second order stationary points polynomially fast, but do so using only Õ(d/ǫ) function evaluations.