Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cellular Biology of Vertebrate Regeneration and Repair

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Comparison of predictions of digestible supply and measurements of net portal fluxes of essential amino acids in lactating dairy cows

Estimated digestible amino acids (AA: corrected for endogenous secretions) obtained from the NRC and CNCPS models appear to be good predictors of the AA profi le fl owing into the portal vein. However, for absolute amounts, the NRC model more closely predicts the changes measured in net portal fl uxes compared to the CNCPS. The slopes of the regression “AA net portal fl ux vs AA digested-NRC” are in agreement with AA metabolism across the gut: slope smaller that unity indicating loss for the branched-chain AA (oxidation) and for Thr (endogenous loss); slope equal to unity for Lys, indicating little loss. Slopes greater than unity for His, Met and Phe suggest either an underestimation of the digestible fl ow with the NRC model or an overestimation of the net portal fl uxes for these AA.
Antiviral effect on H5N1 avian influenza virus of compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid.

Aim:To investigate the antiviral effect of compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid on H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) in MDCK cell line and non-AIV-immunized chickens.Methods:CPE inhibiton and MTT assay were used to study the inhibition of compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid,curcumenol and hypericin on H5N1 in MDCK,the retarding effect on H5N1 infection,the inhibition on the virus adsorption,and the therapeutic effect on the virus-infected cells.In addition,after one-week oral feeding of the liquid,non-AIV-immunized chickens were exposed to H5N1 AIV and the protecting effects of the liquid on the chickens were evaluated.The effect was also assessed after the chickens were simultaneously exposed to the liquid and and the attacking H5N1.The antiviral effects of oseltamivir and amantadine were also detected as the control groups.Results:In vitro results showed that compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid was effective via the mechanisms including virus killing,virus inhibiting,the prevention of the virus spread,and the treatment of the virus-related injury in MDCK.In vivo studies indicated that compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid prolonged the mean survival days of the chickens,showing significant preventive effect in the chickens.It was also proved that compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid was more effective than zedoary oil and Hypericum perforatum extract.Conclusion:Compound of Curcuma zedoaria volatile oil and Hypericin perforatum extract liquid is superior to zedoary oil and Hypericum perforatum in the treatment of H5N1 via the prevention of the virus infection and it might be very promising in the development into into effective anti-H5N1 virus drug.
Antimicrobial activity of water extract of green tea against cooked rice putrefactive microorganism

To extend shelf life of cooked rice, main putrefactive microorganism isolated from cooked rice were identified by using the API 50 CHB kit and fatty acid analysis of the cell and antimicrobial activity of water extract of green tea was tested against isolated strains and some type of strains. The growths of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Bacillus cereus YUFE 2004 and Staphylococcus aureus YUFE 2087 were inhibited in broth containing 500 and 1000 ppm of green tea extract. Main putrefactive microorganisms of cooked rice were identified as Bacillus subtilis RHJ-I and Bacillus subtilis RHJ-II. Green tea extract of 500 and 1000 ppm level inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis RHJ-I only.
Spatial priorities of older adults for social participation in a senior center

iii ÖZET . iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . iix LIST OF FIGURES . ix CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1. Aim of the Study . 2 1.2. Structure of the Thesis . 2 CHAPTER 2 – SOCIAL PARTICIPATION IN SENIOR CENTERS . 4 2.1. Active Aging and Social Participation. 4 2.2. Locations for Social Participation . 5 2.3. Senior Centers . 7 2.4. Social and Physical Features of Senior Centers . 11 CHAPTER 3 – DESIGN OF THE STUDY . 14 3.1. Research Questions . 14 3.2. Hypotheses . 16 3.3. Setting of the Study . 16 3.3.1. Site Description . 16 3.3.2. The Sample Group . 20 3.4. Methodology . 21 3.4.1. Stage I Semi-Structured Interview . 22 3.4.2. Stage II . 23 3.4.2.1. Structured Interview . 23 3.4.2.2. Observation . 23 3.4. 3. Research Instruments . 24 vii 3.4. 3.1. Stage I Semi-Structured Interview . 24 3.4. 3.2. Stage II – Structured Interview and Observation Sheet . 25 CHAPTER 4 – FINDINGS . 27 4.1. Stage I – Findings of the Semi Structured Interviews . 27 4.2. Stage II . 29 4.2.1. Findings of the Structured Interviews . 29 4.2.1.1. Demographics . 29 4.2.1.2. Social Factors . 29 4.2.1.3. Factorial Analysis of Physical Factors . 32 4.2.1.4. Correlations between Demographics, Social Factors, Activities and Physical Factors . 34 4.2.1.5. Differences among Age Groups, Genders, Education Levels and Occupation Groups . 38 4.2.2. Findings of the Observational Data . 42 CHAPTER 5 – DISCUSSION . 45 5.1. On Demographics . 45 5.2. On Social Factors . 47 5.3. On the Factorial Analysis of Physical Factors . 48 5.4. On the Correlations between Demographics, Social Factors, Activities and Physical Factors . 49 5.5. On the Differences among Age Groups, Genders, Education Levels and Occupation Groups . 53 5.6. On Observational Data . 55 CHAPTER 6 – CONCLUSION. 57 6.1 Field Notes . 60 6.2 Limitations . 60 6.3 Further Studies . 61 REFERENCES . 62 APPENDICES . 67 APPENDIX A – Permit From Çankaya Belediyesi . 67 APPENDIX B – Photographs . 69 APPENDIX C – Structured Interview (Turkish) . 77 viii APPENDIX D – Structured Interview (English) . 83 APPENDIX E – Observation Sheet . 89 APPENDIX F – Statistics . 91
Community analyses of nematodes associated with banana plantations in the Hooghly District, West Bengal, India

While twenty-two plant nematode s_pecies are known to be associated with banana plants in India (Sitaramaiah et al., 1971; Rajendran et al., 1979; Mohandas and Prabhoo, 1979) only three species, Helicotylenchus indicus, Tylenchorhynchus zeae and Xiphilema index, have been reported from West Bengal (Mukhopadhyaya and Haque, 1974). A further four species, Helicotylenchus sp. , Hoplolaimus seinhorsti, Rotylenchulus reniformis and Caloosia parlona were reported in another survey (Mukherjee and Dasgupta, 1981). In the present study the frequency of occurrence, population density and prominence values of all the species encountered were determined for a community analysis.
Gender Differences in Activity and Induction of Hepatic Microsomal Cytochrome P-450 by 1-Bromopropane in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Sex differences in the induction of microsomal cytochrome P-450 (CYP) and the activities of several related enzymes of Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 1-bromopropane (1-BrP) were investigated. Male and female rats were exposed to 50, 300, and 1800 ppm of 1-BrP per kg body weight (6 h a day,S days a week, 8 weeks) by inhalation. The mean body weight of 1-BrP treated groups increased according to the day elapsed, but four and five weeks respectively after the start of the exposure, the mean body weight of male and female rats had significantly reduced in the group treated with 1800 ppm 1-BrP compared with the control group (p, NADPH-P-450 reductase, NADH reductase, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (PROD), and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (pNPH) activities were examined for the possible effects of 1-BrP. No significant changes in the CYP and contents, NADPH-P-450 reuctase, NADH reductase, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and pentoxyresorufin- O-dealkylase (PROD) were observed between the control and treated groups. The activity of pNPH increased steadily with the increase in the concentration of 1-BrP in both sexes, but was significantly increased only in the 1800 ppm-treated group of male rats (p
Influencing Consumer Engagement in Environmentally Responsible Behavior

The objective of green marketing campaigns is to influence consumer behavior by communicating the benefits of engaging in environmentally responsible behavior (ERB), such as recycling, conserving energy, purchasing locally or regionally grown/raised food, etc. Marketers use a variety of communication channels to diffuse these influential messages to their target segments. These messages convey a range of individual and socially collective benefits of ERB. They commonly stress its behavioral advantages in one of two contexts: ecological or economical. Yet, an insufficient amount of research exists towards understanding if one (or either) context is more influential in increasing the likelihood of consumersâ€™ willingness to engage in this increasingly essential social behavior. The findings of this study suggest that although communications rooted in a context presenting the economic upside of environmentally responsible behavior have a greater influence on consumersâ€™ likelihood to recycle, environmentally themed messages were seen as being more honest
FOOD PREFERENCE OF CHRYSOLINA FASTUOSA ADULTS (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

Chrysolina fastuosa (Scopoli, 1763) is a widely distributed chrysomelid beetle in Europe. According to the literature C. fastuosa has been found in association with Lamiaceae plants such as Ballota nigra L. , Galeopsis pubescens Besser, Lamium album L. and Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae). Host plants have been referred often merely on plant genus level and many authors listed host plants for C. fastuosa which taxonomically differed significantly from one another. In spite of many references which mention consumption and/or association of Ch. fastuosa on stinging nettle, the author has almost never observed the beetle on Urtica species. This paper presents results of two laboratory experiments showing feeding preference of C. fastuosa adults concerning some Lamiaceae (B. nigra, Lamium purpureum L. and Lamium amplexicaule L.) but not on U. dioica. B. nigra seems to be one of the most preferable host plant species under natural and experimental conditions.
Structural features that affect β2 integrin expression and regulation of adhesion

A hallmark for the Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency 1 (LAD-1) syndrome is the defect in the β2 integrins due to mutations in the ITGB2 gene. To establish the correlation between LAD-1 genotype and phenotype, as well as better understand integrin function and structure, 19 LAD-1 missense mutants that recently identified were introduced into the pcDNA3 plasmid containing the ITGB2 cDNA. These plasmids were transfected into HEK293T cells together with that of either the αL, αM, αX subunits. These transfectants were subsequently examined for their ability in supporting the expression of the integrins and adhesion functions. Fourteen of these mutants do not support heterodimer expression of integrin LFA-1, Mac-1 and p150,95. Of the remaining 5, the integrins with the β2-D77N, β2-S453N and β2-P648L mutations have normal ligand binding activities. These “mutations” are therefore rare polymorphisms of the β2 subunit. In contrast, integrins with the β2-G150D mutation have no binding activities. LFA-1 with the β2-G716A mutation is constitutively active to bind ICAM-1 and requires only one activating agents to bind to ICAM-3. (It should be noted that wild-type LFA-1 requires one activating agent to bind ICAM-1 and two to bind ICAM-3.) Immunoprecipitation experiment with the reporter mAb KIM127 suggested that the LFA-1 bearing the β2-G716A is in the bent configuration. The epitope of the mAb H52 was mapped to the C-terminal half of the β2 hybrid domain. However, the epitope was abolished by the β2-L105P mutation, which is located in the N-terminal half. Based on this new information, it is concluded that the epitope is conformational. It is established that integrin activation is regulated by the divalent cations. However, Mg 2+ /EGTA (5 mM Mg 2+ and 1.5 mM EGTA) had been shown to promote αLβ2 adhesion to ICAM-1 but not αMβ2 adhesion to denatured BSA. In order to determine the difference between αL and αM which contributes to Mg 2+ /EGTA sensitivity, a series of αL/αM chimeric integrins were constructed. It was shown that LFA-1 with αM calf-1 domain is not responsive to the Mg 2+ /EGTA activation. In the reverse experiment with Mac-1 bearing the αL calf-1 domain, the results were not clear cut due to the modified Mac-1 was constitutively active.
Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha in the skeletal muscle during exercise and endurance training :

Exercise forces skeletal muscle to deal with severe oxygen stress, causing the muscle to have to balance oxygen demand with oxygen availability. Endurance training further challenges the muscle by repeatedly exposing it to lowered oxygen levels. The muscle's ability to cope with this oxygen stress is essential for its function in the body. The primary response pathway for hypoxia runs through the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor- 1alpha (HIF-1a), a transcription factor which upregulates glycolysis and angiogenesis in response to hypoxia. To study the role of HIF-1a in untrained and endurance- trained muscle, we have created a mouse lacking HIF-1a specifically in the skeletal muscle. Although structurally normal, loss of HIF-1a results in muscles that are unable to maintain glycolytic flux in response to exertion. As a result, the muscles undergo an adaptive compensatory response resulting in increased oxidative capacity. This response makes the HIF-1a null mice more suited for endurance exercise, as they have greater sub-maximal endurance relative to control littermates. The endurance advantage comes at a cost, though, as HIF-1a null muscles experience severe muscle damage in response to exhaustive exercise. Endurance training of the mice shows that both control and HIF-1a null mice are able to improve overall endurance due to an increase in hexokinase activity. However, only control mice can improve oxidative capacity, as HIF-1a null mice were unable to improve on already elevated levels of citrate synthase and beta-hydroxyacyl- CoA dehydrogenase, and elevated capillary to fiber ratios. Examination of HIF-1a null muscles reveals that they have constitutively active AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This activation of AMPK correlates with the adaptive response of the HIF-1a null muscle, making it a likely cause of the increase in oxidative capacity. In conclusion, HIF-1a in the skeletal muscle is important for maintaining glycolytic flux, but is not essential for the muscular response to endurance training. Removal of HIF-1a from the muscle results in the muscle being more suited for endurance exercise and training
İlköğretim ve Ortaöğretim Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Sayı Hissinin İncelenmesi

Bu calismanin amaci ilkogretim ve ortaogretim matematik ogretmen adaylarinin sahip oldugu sayi hissini incelemektir. Calismanin katilimci grubunu 464 matematik ogretmen adayi olusturmaktadir. Calismada ogretmen adaylarinin sayi hissi kullanma performanslarini olcmek icin arastirmacilar tarafindan gelistirilen coktan secmeli 31 sorudan olusan bir Sayi Hissi Testi kullanilmistir. Sayi Hissi Testi hem sayi hissi sorularini ve sorularin olasi cozumlerini iceren iki asamali bir testir. Testte yer alan sorulara verilen cevaplar hem dogruluk hem de kullanilan cozum stratejisi (Sayi hissi stratejisi/Kural temelli strateji) acisindan analiz edilmis ve sayi hissi puani hesaplanmistir. Veri analizi sonucunda testten alinan sayi hissi puanlari, matematik ogretmen adaylarinin sayi hissi stratejilerini kullanmada basarili olmadigini gostermektedir. Ogretmen adaylari sorulari cozerken sayi hissi stratejilerinden daha ziyade kural temelli stratejileri kullanmayi tercih etmistir. Calismada ayrica ogretmen adaylarinin; Sayi Hissi Testi’ndeki basarilari ile sayi hissi kullanimlari arasinda pozitif bir iliski bulunurken, sayi hissi kullanimlari ogrenim gorulen bolume ve cinsiyete gore bir farklilik sergilememistir.
Rabies virus N, P and RNA interactions in vivo and mapping the functional domains of N in N-P and N-N interactions

It was previously reported that rabies virus (RV) phosphoprotein (P), by interacting with the nucleoprotein (N), confers the specificity of genomic RNA encapsidation by N in vitro. Herein we report he interactions among N, P, and the viral genomic RNA in virus-infected as well as in transfected cells. When N is expressed alone, it binds non-specific RNA, also its mRNA. When N and P are co-expressed, the N and P form N-P complexes that do not bind to any non-specific RNA. When the N and P are co-expressed together with the minigenomic RNA, the N-P complexes preferentially bind the minigenomic RNA. This demonstrates that indeed RV P, by binding to N, confers the specificity of genomic RNA encapsidation by N in vivo. Furthermore, we investigated the role of N phosphorylation in the N, P, and RNA interactions. Only the N that bound to RNA was phosphorylated while the N in the N-P complex prior to RNA binding was not, suggesting that RV P, by binding to nascent N, prevents the immediate phosphorylation of the de novo-synthesized N. However, mutation at the phosphorylation site of N did not alter the pattern of N-P and N-RNA interactions, indicating that N phosphorylation per se does not play a direct role in the N-P interaction and RNA binding. Nevertheless, the fact that N is not phosphorylated prior to RNA binding may suggest that RV P, by binding to N, keeps the N in a unique conformation for specific encapsidation of the genomic RNA.
High Quality III-V Semiconductor Integration on Si Using van der Waals Layered Material Buffer for Photonic Integration Applications

Author(s): Alaskar, Yazeed | Advisor(s): Wang, Kang L. | Abstract: Integration of arsenide-based III-V compound semiconductors on silicon (Si) has been the focus of significant research to integrate light sources on silicon, enabling an integrated optical solution for chip-chip interconnects in future computing systems, and to make cost-effective and efficient multi-junction solar cells on silicon substrates. The primary obstacle to success is the lattice and thermal expansion mismatches between the semiconductor compounds of interest and the silicon substrates. In this thesis, a novel heteroepitaxial growth technique, quasi van der Waals epitaxy, promises the ability to grow high quality As-based semiconductor compounds on silicon using a two-dimensional (2D) layered material as a buffer layer, where the van der Waals force is dominant between the layers, thus reducing the strain arising from lattice and thermal expansion coefficient mismatches. The main body of the thesis is structured in three parts. First, theoretical investigations of quasi van der Waals heteroepitaxial growth of arsenide-based III-V compounds on layered materials, such as graphene, Indium Selenide (InSe), Boron Nitride (h-BN) and Molybdenum Selenide (MoS2), where the surface free energy and adsorption energies of Ga, Al, In and As are calculated using DFT calculations. Second, experimental demonstration of a novel low temperature technique for quasi van der Waals heteroepitaxial growth of arsenide based III-V compounds on graphene using Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) is described. Third, using Indium Selenide (InSe) as a buffer layer due to its relatively high surface free energy and stability at high growth temperatures, a high quality and defect-free InGaAs/GaAs double heterostrucure (DH) is integrated onto a GaAs/ Si structure. The crystal quality of GaAs shows the lowest defect density of GaAs grown directly on Si to date, making it a remarkable step toward obtaining optical emitters on silicon substatres. The optical properties of this heterostructure were characterized using micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL), demonstrating room-temperature light emission out of the InGaAs/GaAs heterostructure integrated on thin GaAs on InSe/Si. Planar growth of GaAs thin films on layered materials is a potential route towards heteroepitaxial integration of GaAs on silicon in the developing field of silicon photonics.
Genetic variability and correlation studies in banana (Musa spp.).

Twenty eight clones and intraclones of banana (Musa spp.) were studied for their genetic variability and correlation among various fruit characters. The genetic and phenotypic variances and coefficients of variance, heritability, genetic advance and coefficients of correlation were estimated for seventeen characters which included plant height, suckers per plant, leaves per plant, leaf width, days from planting to shooting, sugar/acid ratio, girth, length, weight and volume of finger, hand weight, ripe fruit weight, bunch weight, bunch length, fingers per bunch, fingers per hand and pulp weight. A remarkable variability was observed among the collections for these characters. All the characters showed higher estimates of broad sense heritability whereas genetic advance was recorded very high in volume of finger followed by weight of finger, ripe fruit weight, pulp weight and fingers per bunch. The values of high PV, GV, PCV, GCV heritability and genetic advance make them the prime characters for the direct selection. The weight of finger, bunch weight, volume of finger and fingers per bunch showed the high genetic advance and high heritability were the other important characters which had to be considered for selection of the clones.
Aquatic molluscan fauna (Mollusca) of the Korana River (Croatia)

Results of a malacological survey of the Korana River are presented. The molluscan assemblages of this karstic river between its outflow from Plitvice Lakes and the inflow to the Kupa River at Karlovac were studied from 2009 to 2012. Altogether 33 aquatic molluscs (21 gastropods, 12 bivalves) were found at 13 sites. Theodoxus danubialis, Esperiana esperi, Microcolpia daudebartii, Holandriana holandrii and Bithynia tentaculata were dominant at most of the sites. A population of the endangered thick-shelled river mussel Unio crassus was recorded. The occurrence of three non-native molluscs (Physella acuta, Ferrissia fragilis, Sinanodonta woodiana) was documented. The results of this research were compared with those of previous investigations and also with those for molluscan assemblages of the adjacent part of the Kupa River.