Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Explants Division by Cutting, Concentrations of TDZ and Number of Sub-culture Cycles on Propagation of ‘Kluai Hom Thong’ Banana in a Temporary Immersion Bioreactor System

Abstract Banana is an industrial fruit crop for which there is strong demand in export markets. Because of disease problems in growing areas, there is a need for more pathogen-free planting materials. To develop a system for propagating bananas in a temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB) we studied factors affecting the number of new shoots formed by Musa (AAA group) ‘Kluai Hom Thong’ in a 700-ml twin-flasks TIB with liquid medium supplied for 2 minutes a time every 4 hours, in comparison to the same types of explants cultured in a conventional semi-solid medium system. We compared leaving the explants uncut or longitudinally cutting them into 2 or 4 sections and tested adding thidiazuron (TDZ) at the concentrations of 0, 0.125 and 0.250 mg l -1 ), for 3 culture cycles of 6 weeks each. The results showed that the most effective combination was cutting the explants in 4 sections and culturing in TIB with 0.125 mg l -1 TDZ, which resulted in up to 11.03 new shoots per explant in the third culture cycle. The number of shoots per container increased to 48 and 132 in the second and third cycles, respectively, or 2.08 and 5.74 times more than the number of shoots per container in the first cycle (23). Bananas cultivated in the semi-solid medium system developed fewer new shoots per container and a larger percentage of small-sized shoots. Keywords: micropropagation; apical dominance; thidiazuron; subculturing
Modified magnetic-equivalent-circuit approach for various faults studying in saturable double-cage-induction machines

Modified magnetic-equivalent circuit for a double-cage-induction machine in both healthy and faulty cases is presented in this study while slot skewing, saturation effect and also space harmonics are considered. Moreover, in simulation, pole numbers, rotor bars and slot numbers are chosen arbitrarily and the behaviour of the saturable double-cage-induction machine is studied under various kinds of faults. Broken bar in both inner and outer cages and also inter-turn short circuit of stator windings are modelled and fault detection methods are presented. Differential equations are converted into algebraic equations using trapezoidal technique and are solved together with non-linear magnetic equations simultaneously. To reach this aim, at first, a single set of the system equations including magnetic and electric equations are generated, and then they are solved by the Newton–Raphson method in each time step. As an advantage of this study, the presented model is capable of modelling the healthy and faulty machine under various kinds of faults by a single model which has profound effect on reducing the complexity of equations and the simulation time. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using finite-element method via Flux software.
Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces and Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Networks

In Cognitive Radio (CR) networks, Primary User (PU) and Secondary User (SU) coexist to efficiently share the spectrum. PU has the right to access its dedicated channel at any time, while SU, operating in an opportunistic mode. can access only when PU is absent. Thus, SU should continuously monitor the channel to avoid any interference with PU when transmitting. Several factors, such as fading and shadowing adversely impact the PU SNR at the SU receiver making the Spectrum Sensing (SS) process more challenging. Recently, Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) has been proposed to control the propagation channel for wireless systems. Introducing IRS in CR networks impacts the SS performance because of altering the channel. In this paper, we investigate the effect of deploying IRS on the SS by considering two scenarios: in (S1) the IRS is configured to enhance the PU signal at SU, while in the second scenario (S2), the IRS is configured to assist the Primary Receiver (PR). First, we highlight several important challenges and research directions. Then, we derive the analytical average detection probability for both (S1) and (S2). Results show that deploying IRS can significantly enhance SS even when the IRS is deployed to assist the PR.
Is Sex Tourism Intention Uncontrollable? The Moderating Effects of Ethics and Law

This study explores one of the biggest social issues in South Korea, that is, sex tourism, which is illegal but remains in high demand. The study recruited a total of 1,003 respondents, whose responses were analyzed to understand their intentions for sex tourism. Study 1 revealed that sex tourism intention was largely influenced by subjective norms and moderated by ethical awareness and knowledge of illegality. In Study 2, sex tourism intention non-significantly differed across three scenarios of traveling, namely, to a general destination; to an area where prostitution is legal by local law; and with companions with positive opinions about sex tourism. However, Studies 3 and 4 found that the extent to which reminders and warnings about ethics and illegality reduced sex tourism intention differed according to the scenario. The results suggest that sex tourism intention is conditional and controllable, and, thus, government interventions are justified.
Polymorphic light eruption

Introduction: Polymorphic light eruption (PLE) is the most common photodermatoses encountered in clinical practice. It is an idiopathic acquired disorder in which a delayed response to Ultraviolet radiation occurs in the form of skin eruptions consisting of papules, vesicles or plaques over the sun exposed and rarely on partially covered areas, distribution is generally symmetrical. Diagnosis is clinical and histo-pathological features vary according to age of lesions sampled. Objective: To study clinical pattern of Polymorphic Light Eruption and Histo-Pathological Correlation Methods: The present study is a hospital based observational study, conducted over a period of one year. A total of 70 cases including male and female patients presenting with history of photosensitivity or with clinical manifestations related to photosensitivity were enrolled. All patients underwent clinical and systemic examination followed by routine and histo-pathological investigations. The findings were recorded in proforma for analysis and interpretation of data. Follow-up was done to know the prognosis of the patients. Results: The study shows that females are more affected than males with a ratio of 1:2.33 and the maximum incidence in the age group of 11-20 years and minimum in the age group of 51-60 years.
Eye-Movements During Navigation in a Virtual Environment: Sex Differences and Relationship to Sex Hormones

Sex differences in spatial navigation have been related to different navigation strategies. For example, women are more likely to utilize local landmark-information in the environment compared to men. Furthermore, sex differences appear to be more pronounced when distances need to be judged in Euclidian terms and an allocentric representation of the environment is necessary. This suggests differential attentional processes during spatial navigation in men and women. However, eye-tracking studies on spatial navigation exploring these attentional processes are rare. The present study (39 men and 36 women) set out to investigate sex differences in eye-movements during spatial navigation in a 3D environment using virtual reality goggles. While we observed the expected sex differences in overall navigation performance, women did not benefit from the landmark-based instructions. Gaze fixations were in accordance with the preferred Euclidian strategy in men, but did not confirm the expected landmark-based strategy in women. However, high estradiol levels where related to an increased focus on landmark information. Surprisingly, women showed longer gaze distances than men, although the utilization of distal landmarks has been related to allocentric representations preferred by men. In fact, larger gaze distances related to slower navigation, even though previous studies suggest that the utilization of distal landmarks is beneficial for navigation. The findings are discussed with respect to the utility of virtual reality presentation for studies on sex differences in navigation. While virtual reality allows a full first-person immersion in the environment, proprioceptive and vestibular information is lacking.
Hibernate and spring - An analysis of maintainability against performance

Los frameworks para el desarrollo de aplicaciones web y las herramientas ORM permiten reducir el tiempo y esfuerzo al producir aplicaciones de software de calidad. Se han hecho estudios comparativos sobre estas herramientas pero dado que son numerosas y heterogeneas, escoger la mas adecuada no es facil. Hay estudios comparativos sobre estas herramientas, sin embargo no consideraron un dominio suficientemente complejo que permitan medir mas precisamente sus ventajas y desventajas. Para aportar en la solucion, comparamos el tiempo de respuesta de diferentes consultas en un dominio mas complejo y con diferentes tamanos de base de datos. La comparacion basada en este aspecto es importante ya que los ORM son un factor de mantenibilidad importante y porque consultas no optimizadas pueden conducir a cuellos de botella
The Microbiota and the Relationship with Colorectal Cancer: Surgical Complications—A Review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and represents a major global health burden. While genetics are implicated in a portion of CRC patients, most cases are sporadic. A new possibility of tumor initiation and promotion might be microbiome composition. It was recently shown that bacteria from the gut microbiome might be used as biomarkers for CRC detection, especially Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreoptococcus stomatis, Parvimonas mica, Solobacterium moorei, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Conversely, the healthy gut microbiome is mostly colonized by Bacterioides (Bacterioides fragilis, vulgatus, uniformis), Firmicutes (Clostridium spp., Ruminococcus faecis, Enterococcus faecium), and Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum). Some strains of gut bacteria favor tumor promotion through DNA and RNA damage (directly or through interaction with other known food carcinogens) and through local immune inhibition. It is possible that bacteria (e.g., Bacillus polyfermenticus, Alistipes shahii, Lactobacillus casei) exist with protective functions against tumor promotion. Despite current advances in colorectal cancer treatment, especially in the medical oncology and radiotherapy domains, surgery remains the mainstay of curative treatment for colorectal cancer patients, even in the oligometastatic setting. Surgical complications like anastomotic leakage, excessive blood loss, abscess, and abdominal sepsis can reduce 1-year and 5-year overall survival and increase the recurrence rates for these patients; therefore, we reviewed currently published data focusing on the relationship between gut microbiota and postoperative complications for colorectal cancer patients.
Polymorphic Molecular Signatures in Variable Regions of the Plasmodium falciparum var2csa DBL3x Domain Are Associated with Virulence in Placental Malaria

The Plasmodium falciparum protein VAR2CSA allows infected erythrocytes to accumulate within the placenta, inducing pathology and poor birth outcomes. Multiple exposures to placental malaria (PM) induce partial immunity against VAR2CSA, making it a promising vaccine candidate. However, the extent to which VAR2CSA genetic diversity contributes to immune evasion and virulence remains poorly understood. The deep sequencing of the var2csa DBL3X domain in placental blood from forty-nine primigravid and multigravid women living in malaria-endemic western Kenya revealed numerous unique sequences within individuals in association with chronic PM but not gravidity. Additional analysis unveiled four distinct sequence types that were variably present in mixed proportions amongst the study population. An analysis of the abundance of each of these sequence types revealed that one was inversely related to infant gestational age, another was inversely related to placental parasitemia, and a third was associated with chronic PM. The categorization of women according to the type to which their dominant sequence belonged resulted in the segregation of types as a function of gravidity: two types predominated in multigravidae whereas the other two predominated in primigravidae. The univariate logistic regression analysis of sequence type dominance further revealed that gravidity, maternal age, placental parasitemia, and hemozoin burden (within maternal leukocytes), reported a lack of antimalarial drug use, and infant gestational age and birth weight influenced the odds of membership in one or more of these sequence predominance groups. Cumulatively, these results show that unique var2csa sequences differentially appear in women with different PM exposure histories and segregate to types independently associated with maternal factors, infection parameters, and birth outcomes. The association of some var2csa sequence types with indicators of pathogenesis should motivate vaccine efforts to further identify and target VAR2CSA epitopes associated with maternal morbidity and poor birth outcomes.
Normative Values of Binocular Vision Parameters: A Systematic Review

This article aims to review population-specific ethnicity-based normal values of binocular vision parameters for diagnosing non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies. Method: Search engines Google Scholar, Sci-Hub, and Pubmed were used to search studies published between 1983 to 2021 using keywords such as normative values, binocular vision parameters, non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies, binocular vision, accommodation, and vergence. Results were presented in tabular form based on the site of study, publication year, and methods used for study for comparison. Results: Several studies have been done in various parts of the world. Mostly, they determined certain parameters of only accommodation or vergence. Recently, some studies have done a comprehensive investigation of both. Mostly these studies were overseen in America followed by Europe, Asia, and Africa. There were differences in methodologies and techniques used. Thus, norms varied among studies. Conclusion: The difference in normative data for NSBV parameters could be because of the disparity in techniques used. The succeeding studies should be done using similar and authentic testing techniques and a good methodology for clarification of these results. It is needed to conduct more studies on the Asian population.
Synthetic Receptors Based on Abiotic Cyclo(pseudo)peptides

Work on the use of cyclic peptides or pseudopeptides as synthetic receptors started even before the field of supramolecular chemistry was firmly established. Research initially focused on the development of synthetic ionophores and involved the use of macrocycles with a repeating sequence of subunits along the ring to facilitate the correlation between structure, conformation, and binding properties. Later, nonnatural amino acids as building blocks were also considered. With growing research in this area, cyclopeptides and related macrocycles developed into an important and structurally diverse receptor family. This review provides an overview of these developments, starting from the early years. The presented systems are classified according to characteristic structural elements present along the ring. Wherever possible, structural aspects are correlated with binding properties to illustrate how natural or nonnatural amino acids affect binding properties.
Interactive and Fast Low-Light Image Enhancement Algo-rithm and Application

To obtain personalized outcomes for the low-light image enhancement, a novel interactive algorithm based on the well-designed Gamma Curve is proposed to enrich the enhancement techniques. Different from the previous works trying to enhance the image in solely brightness or naturalness by a specific designed deep network, the proposed method is capable of controlling the output results according to the user’s preferences by the same framework with different parameters. There would be three main advantages brought by the proposed network: 1) Interactivity, which allows to generate enhancements results according to users’ preferences in human-interactive manners; 2) Convenience, wherein the model only needs to train for once without using any reference images, and then can obtain results with different brightness during testing by adjusting the hyper-parameter. 3) Fastness, which results from the lightweight network and the excellent properties of the Gamma Curve to make the network operate in extraordinary high speed. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of our algorithm relative to the previous work. In addition, a multi-platform low-illumination enhancement software is explored to facilitate its application for the public.
Serpentinite Diapirs and the Evolution of Oceanic Core Complexes

Serpentinites and peridotites are the predominant lithological components of Oceanic Core Complexes (OCCs), located commonly at triple junctions of slow-spreading oceanic accreting ridges, fracture zones and transform faults. These lithologies differ from the surrounding oceanic brittle lithosphere, built of basalt and gabbro, and the structural evolution of these OCCs is enigmatic. The present investigation suggests that the tectonics of OCCs is derived from the ascent of serpentinic diapirs generated by the unique proximity of shallow asthenosphere, faulted lithosphere and the juxtaposition of oceanic crusts of contrasting densities. Such setting initiated two structural stages in the evolution of the OCC, the first is spontaneous subduction of old and dense oceanic crust under the fresh and lighter basalt at the edge of the MOR across its intersection with transform fault - fracture zone. The sub ducted slab would be affected by the combined effect of the steep thermal gradient and the availability of volatiles there to enhance the alteration of pyroxene into serpentine. Analog and numeric experiments show that spontaneous subduction can initiate spontaneously if the density contrast between the juxtaposed slabs is significant, as is the case between fresh basalt (ρ~2.7 g/cm3 ) and older basalt (ρ~2.9 g/cm3 ). Since the average thermal gradient under the MOR is ca. 130o /km, then at depth of 4-5 km the pyroxene and plagioclase would start their alteration, mostly to serpentine. The abundant faults of MOR normal rifting and strike-slip transform faulting could enable the light and malleable serpentinite to form diapirs, which would ascent to the seafloor at the rift-fracture zone intersections. The friction at the top of the diapirs during their ascent would probably generate breccia at their tops. Highlights a) OCCs are built mostly of serpentinite diapirs that carry peridotite inclusions. b) Serpentinization occurs under low pressure-high temperature conditions. c) OCC source rock is slab of cold oceanic crust sub ducted under fresh crust. d) Such subduction occurs mostly where large density contrast between slabs exists. e) The link between OCCs and detachment normal faults requires support.
Development of MgO nanoparticles via green synthesis at varying concentrations of precursor and mahua flower extract

Abstract Green synthesis process has been developed to produce MgO nanoparticles using wet chemical method. In this process, Madhuca longifolia (M. longifolia) flower extracts has been used as a reducing and stabilizing agent and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is used as a metal precursor. This study exhibits the effect of varied concentrations of metal precursors and flower extracts on the shape and size of the MgO nanoparticles. FTIR, UV vis spectroscopy, SEM, EDS and HRTEM analysis have been carried out to identify the functional groups involved in the reduction process, confirmation of MgO nanoparticles, morphological and elemental analysis of the MgO nanoparticles respectively. The results confirmed the presence of spherical MgO nanoparticles decorated over the surface of MgO microclusters. It is observed that the varying concentration of flower extracts and precursor have a profound effect on morphology of the nanoparticles resulting in the decrease in cluster size with the increase in extract concentration. The nanoparticles were also tested for the presence of antibacterial activity against the bacterial species of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Longitudinal study of infants receiving extra motor stimulation, full‐term control infants, and infants born preterm: High‐density EEG analyses of cortical activity in response to visual motion

Abstract Electroencephalography was used to investigate the effects of extrastimulation and preterm birth on the development of visual motion perception during early infancy. Infants receiving extra motor stimulation in the form of baby swimming, a traditionally raised control group, and preterm born infants were presented with an optic flow pattern simulating forward and reversed self‐motion and unstructured random visual motion before and after they achieved self‐produced locomotion. Extrastimulated infants started crawling earlier and displayed significantly shorter N2 latencies in response to visual motion than their full‐term and preterm peers. Preterm infants could not differentiate between visual motion conditions, nor did they significantly decrease their latencies with age and locomotor experience. Differences in induced activities were also observed with desynchronized theta‐band activity in all infants, but with more mature synchronized alpha–beta band activity only in extrastimulated infants after they had become mobile. Compared with the other infants, preterm infants showed more widespread desynchronized oscillatory activities at lower frequencies at the age of 1 year (corrected for prematurity). The overall advanced performance of extrastimulated infants was attributed to their enriched motor stimulation. The poorer responses in the preterm infants could be related to impairment of the dorsal visual stream that is specialized in the processing of visual motion.
Attitudes Toward Entrepreneurship Education, Post-pandemic Entrepreneurial Environment, and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Among University Students

Currently, little is known about the mechanism of how university students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship education (ATEE) affect entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) in the post-pandemic entrepreneurial environment. Based on the existing research, this study explores the relationship between ATEE, the post-pandemic entrepreneurship environment, and ESE through a questionnaire survey. A total of 910 university students from three universities in Zhejiang Province, China participated, with an effective rate of 92.9%. The data collection focused on the period from August to December 2020. In this study, Stepwise Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze university students' ATEE and its impact on ESE, as well as the moderating effect of the post-pandemic entrepreneurial environment. The results show that the gender of university students and the entrepreneurial experience of their family members exist significant differences in their ATEE and also on their ESE. Furthermore, ATEE exert a significant and positive impact on their entrepreneurial self-efficacy, while the post-pandemic entrepreneurial environment plays a positively moderating role in this influential process.