Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Safety Climate Influences the Willingness to Stay of Nursing Staff during the COVID-19 Outbreak

The outbreak of COVID-19 in China at the beginning of 2020 has made the problems that the aged care agency face with large mobility and high turnover of aged nursing staff become more serious. Aiming at this problem, this paper incorporates psychological capital and social panic into the model from the perspective of the organizational safety climate and constructs a theoretical model of the mechanism of the effect on nursing staff’s willingness to stay in the context of the outbreak. Through a questionnaire survey in an aged care agency in Anhui Province, a total of 321 valid questionnaires were collected for empirical analysis. The results show that: (1) the safety climate of the organization has a significant positive impact on the transactional psychological capital and interpersonal psychological capital of nursing staff in the aged care industry and their willingness to stay; (2) transactional psychological capital and social panic have a significant positive impact on the willingness to stay of nursing staff, while interpersonal psychological capital has no significant impact on the willingness to stay; (3) the mediating role of transactional psychological capital and interpersonal psychological capital between the safety climate and the willingness to stay is established, and the moderating role of social panic between psychological capital and willingness to stay is also established. Finally, based on the research conclusions, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to deal with the problems that occur in special periods.
In Situ Local Oxidation of SnO Induced by Laser Irradiation: A Stability Study

In this work, semiconductor tin oxide (II) (SnO) nanoparticles and plates were synthesized at room conditions via a hydrolysis procedure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the high crystallinity of the as-synthesized romarchite SnO nanoparticles with dimensions ranging from 5 to 16 nm. The stability of the initial SnO and the controlled oxidation to SnO2 was studied based on either thermal treatments or controlled laser irradiation using a UV and a red laser in a confocal microscope. Thermal treatments induced the oxidation from SnO to SnO2 without formation of intermediate SnOx, as confirmed by thermodiffraction measurements, while by using UV or red laser irradiation the transition from SnO to SnO2 was controlled, assisted by formation of intermediate Sn3O4, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy as a function of the laser excitation source, the laser power density, and the irradiation duration were analyzed in order to gain insights in the formation of SnO2 from SnO. Finally, a tailored spatial SnO/SnO2 micropatterning was achieved by controlled laser irradiation with potential applicability in optoelectronics and sensing devices.
Treatment with Bacterial Biologics Promotes Healthy Aging and Traumatic Brain Injury Responses in Adult Drosophila, Modeling the Gut–Brain Axis and Inflammation Responses

Drosophila are widely used to study neural development, immunity, and inflammatory pathways and processes associated with the gut–brain axis. Here, we examine the response of adult Drosophila given an inactive bacteriologic (IAB; proprietary lysate preparation of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, ReseT®) and a probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, LGG). In vitro, the IAB activates a subset of conserved Toll-like receptor (TLR) and nucleotide-binding, oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD) receptors in human cells, and oral administration slowed the age-related decline of adult Drosophila locomotor behaviors. On average, IAB-treated flies lived significantly longer (+23%) and had lower neural aggregate profiles. Different IAB dosages also improved locomotor function and longevity profiles after traumatic brain injury (TBI) exposure. Mechanistically, short-term IAB and LGG treatment altered baseline nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κβ) signaling profiles in neural and abdominal tissues. Overall, at select dosages, IAB and LGG exposure has a positive impact on Drosophila longevity, neural aging, and mild traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related responses, with IAB showing greater benefit. This includes severe TBI (sTBI) responses, where IAB treatment was protective and LGG increased acute mortality profiles. This work shows that Drosophila are an effective model for testing bacterial-based biologics, that IAB and probiotic treatments promote neuronal health and influence inflammatory pathways in neural and immune tissues. Therefore, targeted IAB treatments are a novel strategy to promote the appropriate function of the gut–brain axis.
Child Marriage and Adolescent Motherhood: A Nationwide Vulnerability for Women in Bangladesh

The persistently high prevalence of girl-child marriage and adolescent motherhood is a public health concern in Bangladesh. This study investigated the division-wise prevalence and the influence of education and religious affiliation on child marriage and adolescent motherhood among women in Bangladesh along with their consequences using 15,474 women aged 15–49 years from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18. Staggeringly, 82.5% women were married before 18, 43.1% were married before 15, and 61.8% gave birth before 18 years of age. Binary logistic regression models for the complex survey showed that girl-children with primary, secondary, and higher secondary or above education were 16% (95% CI: 0.69, 1.03), 32% (95% CI: 0.55, 0.84), and 87% (95% CI: 0.10, 0.17) less likely to get married <18 years of age, respectively, compared to the uneducated. Also, girl-children with secondary and higher education were 21 and 83% less likely to become adolescent mothers, respectively, than the uneducated. Women married during childhood (<18 years) and adolescent mothers were 36 and 55% less likely to continue studies after marriage, respectively, and expressed that they significantly preferred a late marriage. Policy interventions need to address culturally-laden social norms influenced by religious-related beliefs, especially in rural areas.
Does Physical Activity Predict Obesity—A Machine Learning and Statistical Method-Based Analysis

Background: Obesity prevalence has become one of the most prominent issues in global public health. Physical activity has been recognized as a key player in the obesity epidemic. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to (1) examine the relationship between physical activity and weight status and (2) assess the performance and predictive power of a set of popular machine learning and traditional statistical methods. Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2003 to 2006) data were used. A total of 7162 participants met our inclusion criteria (3682 males and 3480 females), with average age ranging from 48.6 (normal weight) to 52.1 years old (overweight). Eleven classifying algorithms—including logistic regression, naïve Bayes, Radial Basis Function (RBF), local k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), classification via regression (CVR), random subspace, decision table, multiobjective evolutionary fuzzy classifier, random tree, J48, and multilayer perceptron—were implemented and evaluated, and they were compared with traditional logistic regression model estimates. Results: With physical activity and basic demographic status, of all methods analyzed, the random subspace classifier algorithm achieved the highest overall accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The duration of vigorous-intensity activity in one week and the duration of moderate-intensity activity in one week were important attributes. In general, most algorithms showed similar performance. Logistic regression was middle-ranking in terms of overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC among all methods. Conclusions: Physical activity was an important factor in predicting weight status, with gender, age, and race/ethnicity being less but still essential factors associated with weight outcomes. Tailored intervention policies and programs should target the differences rooted in these demographic factors to curb the increase in the prevalence of obesity and reduce disparities among sub-demographic populations.
The Effect of the β-Al5FeSi Phases on Microstructure, Mechanical and Fatigue Properties in A356.0 Cast Alloys with Higher Fe Content without Additional Alloying of Mn

Secondary-cast aluminum alloys have increasing industrial applications. Their biggest deficiency is their impurity content, especially Fe, which has low solubility in Al and almost all the content creates intermetallic phases. This work examines the effect of higher Fe content on the microstructure and properties of A356.0 alloy. At the same time, no other possibility existed to affecting the brittleness of the formation of the β phases. The calculation of Fecrit, ratio of Mn/Fe, quantitative and computed tomography analysis of porosity and Fe plate-like phases, measurement of mechanical and fatigue properties, and fractography analysis were performed in this study. The results show that gravity die casting into a sand mold, and the non-usage of Mn addition or heat treatment, do not have a negative effect on increasing the size of the Fe-rich plate-like phases. The longest Fe-rich phases have limited the pore growth and ratios, but their higher thickness led to greater porosity formation. The mechanical and fatigue properties correlate with the Fecrit level and the highest were for the experimental alloy with 0.454 wt. % of Fe. The experimental results confirmed the fact that if the Fe plate-like phases have a length of up to 50 µm, the fatigue properties depend more on the size of porosity. If the length of the Fe needles is more than 50 µm, then the properties are mainly affected by the length of these Fe phases.
Statistical Evaluation of the Material-Source Effects on the DSR Rheological Properties of Plant-Mix Extracted Asphalt-Binders

The work presented in this paper was carried out to statistically evaluate and quantify the material-source effect on the asphalt-binder’s rheological properties using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (Tukey´s HSD) test. The study focused on the Asphalt-Binders’ high-temperature rheological properties, namely, the G*, δ, G*/Sin(δ) and G*/(1 − (1/Tan(δ)Sin(δ))) parameters, measured using the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) device. The DSR data analyzed in the study were extracted from the Texas flexible pavements and overlays database, namely, the Texas Data Storage System (DSS), covering two Asphalt-Binders (ABs), performance grade (PG) 64-22 and PG 76-22 plant-mix extracted ABs that were treated as rolling thin film oven (RTFO) residue, and sourced from 14 different suppliers. The study findings substantiate that material-source has an effect on the high-temperature rheological properties of ABs. Additionally, it was also concluded that in as much as performance superiority and costs are crucial issues in deciding the AB source/provider, consistency and quality aspects cannot be disregarded. Therefore, material-source effects should be inclusively evaluated from both performance (rheological properties) and quality (consistence) standpoints as well as cost considerations when choosing a supplier. In general, the study contributes to the state-of-the-art enrichment on aspects of material-source effects on RTFO residue ABs’ high-temperature rheological properties, consistency, variability, and data quality.
The Most Common Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms (ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI, and BglI) in Children with Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vitamin D participates in the calcification of enamel and dentin and the appropriate immune responses to oral microbial infections. We aimed to assess the association between the most common vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms (ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI, and BglI) and the risk of dental caries in children. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were comprehensively searched until 19 January 2021. Meta-analysis with odds ratios as the effect estimate along with 95% confidence intervals and subgroup analysis were conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2.0 software. Results: Seventy-eight studies were retrieved from the databases, with nine studies included in the final analysis. Based on five genetic models, there was no association between ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236), BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), and BglI (rs739837) polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental caries, except for the FokI (rs10735810) polymorphism. Conclusion: Among the VDR polymorphisms considered, an association was found between the FokI (rs10735810) polymorphism and the risk of dental caries, with a protective role of the f allele and ff genotype.
Monitoring Dark-State Dynamics of a Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Nanodiamond by Auto-Correlation Spectroscopy: Photonionization and Recharging

In this letter, the photon-induced charge conversion dynamics of a single Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in nanodiamond between two charge states, negative (NV−) and neutral (NV0), is studied by the auto-correlation function. It is observed that the ionization of NV− converts to NV0, which is regarded as the dark state of the NV−, leading to fluorescence intermittency in single NV centers. A new method, based on the auto-correlation calculation of the time-course fluorescence intensity from NV centers, was developed to quantify the transition kinetics and yielded the calculation of transition rates from NV− to NV0 (ionization) and from NV0 to NV− (recharging). Based on our experimental investigation, we found that the NV−-NV0 transition is wavelength-dependent, and more frequent transitions were observed when short-wavelength illumination was used. From the analysis of the auto-correlation curve, it is found that the transition time of NV− to NV0 (ionization) is around 0.1 μs, but the transition time of NV0 to NV− (recharging) is around 20 ms. Power-dependent measurements reveal that the ionization rate increases linearly with the laser power, while the recharging rate has a quadratic increase with the laser power. This difference suggests that the ionization in the NV center is a one-photon process, while the recharging of NV0 to NV− is a two-photon process. This work, which offers theoretical and experimental explanations of the emission property of a single NV center, is expected to help the utilization of the NV center for quantum information science, quantum communication, and quantum bioimaging.
The Body across the Lifespan: On the Relation between Interoceptive Sensibility and High-Order Body Representations

Background: Interoceptive information plays a pivotal role in building higher-order cognitive body representations (BR) that neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence classifies as action-oriented (i.e., body schema) or non-action-oriented (i.e., visuo-spatial body map). This study aimed to explore the development of BR, considering the association with the interoceptive sensibility throughout the lifespan. Methods: Two hundred thirty-nine healthy participants divided into five age groups (7 to 8 years; 9 to 10 years; 18 to 40 years; 41 to 60 years; over 60 years) completed a self-report measure of interoceptive sensibility (the Self-Awareness Questionnaire; SAQ) and were given tasks assessing the two BR (action-oriented: hand laterality task; non-action-oriented: frontal body evocation task). Results: Both children (7–8 and 9–10 years) and older adults (over 60 years) performed worse than young (18–40 years) and middle-aged adults (41–60 years) in action- and non-action-oriented BR tasks. Moderation analyses showed that the SAQ score significantly moderated the relationship between age and action-oriented BR. Conclusions: The current results are consistent with inverted U-shaped developmental curves for action- and non-action-oriented BR. As an innovative aspect, the ability to mentally represent one’s own body parts in diverse states could be negatively affected by higher interoceptive sensibility levels in childhood and late adulthood.
The F-Actin-Binding MPRIP Forms Phase-Separated Condensates and Associates with PI(4,5)P2 and Active RNA Polymerase II in the Cell Nucleus

Here, we provide evidence for the presence of Myosin phosphatase rho-interacting protein (MPRIP), an F-actin-binding protein, in the cell nucleus. The MPRIP protein binds to Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and localizes to the nuclear speckles and nuclear lipid islets which are known to be involved in transcription. We identified MPRIP as a component of RNA Polymerase II/Nuclear Myosin 1 complex and showed that MPRIP forms phase-separated condensates which are able to bind nuclear F-actin fibers. Notably, the fibrous MPRIP preserves its liquid-like properties and reforms the spherical shaped condensates when F-actin is disassembled. Moreover, we show that the phase separation of MPRIP is driven by its long intrinsically disordered region at the C-terminus. We propose that the PIP2/MPRIP association might contribute to the regulation of RNAPII transcription via phase separation and nuclear actin polymerization.
Osseointegration of Plasma Jet Treated Titanium Implant Surface in an Animal Model

Osseointegration of titanium implant is important for the success of both dental and medical implants. Previous studies have attempted to improve osseointegration by considering the use of plasma jet technology, where information with animal models and parameters related to osseointegration is still lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) treatment on titanium implants in terms of osseointegration in mongrel dogs. A total of 41 implants; 21 NTAPPJ treated and 20 control, were placed in the maxilla and mandible of six mongrel dogs for either 4 or 8 weeks. The bone volume (BV) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio were determined by region of interest (ROI). Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The NTAPPJ group at 4 weeks showed higher numbers in both BV and BIC (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. However, at 8 weeks there were less significant differences between the control or experimental group as the control group had caught up with the experimental group. Hence, NTAPPJ may be an effective treatment for the initial healing period which is critical to ensure reliable long-term predictability. The BV and BIC have been clinically proven to accelerate in the initial stages with the use of NTAPPJ to aid in the healing and initial stability of implants.
Screening of Developmental Difficulties during the Transition to Primary School

The five-to-fifteen (FTF) questionnaire is a screening tool completed by parents that is able to distinguish developmental disorders in children aged 5 to 15 years old. The current study aimed to characterize the developmental difficulties by gender and school age (kindergarten and first grade) of children in their transition to primary school, using the Spanish-language version of the FTF questionnaire. The participants were 541 parents of typically developed children from kindergarten and first grade in public schools in Chile. Developmental difficulties were revealed, showing that boys displayed significantly more difficulties in their social skills when compared to girls, and that kindergartners displayed significantly more developmental difficulties than first graders. The children’s developmental difficulties in executive functions, social skills, and emotional/behavioral problems exhibited interactions between gender and school age. The findings were discussed in terms of current conceptualizations of both executive functions and self-regulatory processes. These processes and functions are configured early in development, are gradually consolidated over the course of school age, and can be strengthened or weakened by conditions experienced in childhood. Early screening of developmental difficulties from the parents’ perspective would facilitate early detection of problems, as early as in kindergarten, and considering the normal adaptable development of children.
Evaluating Oxygen Tensions Related to Bone Marrow and Matrix for MSC Differentiation in 2D and 3D Biomimetic Lamellar Scaffolds

The physiological O2 microenvironment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts and the dimensionality of a substrate are known to be important in regulating cell phenotype and function. By providing the physiologically normoxic environments of bone marrow (5%) and matrix (12%), we assessed their potential to maintain stemness, induce osteogenic differentiation, and enhance the material properties in the micropatterned collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds that were produced in 2D or 3D. Expression of osterix (OSX) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was significantly enhanced in the 3D scaffold in all oxygen environments. At 21% O2, OSX and VEGFA expressions in the 3D scaffold were respectively 13,200 and 270 times higher than those of the 2D scaffold. Markers for assessing stemness were significantly more pronounced on tissue culture polystyrene and 2D scaffold incubated at 5% O2. At 21% O2, we measured significant increases in ultimate tensile strength (p < 0.0001) and Young’s modulus (p = 0.003) of the 3D scaffold compared to the 2D scaffold, whilst 5% O2 hindered the positive effect of cell seeding on tensile strength. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the 3D culture of MSCs in collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds provided biomimetic cues for bone progenitor cells toward differentiation and enhanced the tensile mechanical properties.
Recovery of Carbon Fibre from Waste Prepreg via Microwave Pyrolysis

Management of waste from carbon fibre composites has become a significant societal issue as the application of composite grows across many industries. In this study, carbon fibres (CF) were successfully recovered from cured carbon fibre/epoxy (CF/EP) prepreg under microwave pyrolysis at 450, 550 and 650 °C followed by oxidation of any residual char. The recovered fibres were investigated for their tensile properties, surface morphologies and the elements/functional groups presented on the surface. The chemical compositions of gaseous and oil pyrolysis products were also analysed. The microwave pyrolysis effectively pyrolyzed the epoxy (EP) resin. Char residue remained on the fibre surface and the amount of char reduced as the pyrolysis temperature increased. Compared to virgin fibres, the recovered fibre suffered from a strength reduction by less than 20%, and this reduction could be mitigated by reducing the pyrolysis temperature. The surface of recovered fibre remained clean and smooth, while the profile of elements and functional groups at the surface were similar to those of virgin fibres. The main gaseous products were CO, H2, CO2 and CH4, whilst the liquid product stream included phenolic and aromatic compounds.