Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adsorptive Behavior of Cu2+ and Benzene in Single and Binary Solutions onto Alginate Composite Hydrogel Beads Containing Pitch Pine-Based Biochar

In this study, we prepared alginate composite hydrogel beads containing various compositions of biochar produced from pitch pine (Pinus rigida) for the removal of Cu2+ and benzene from model pollutant solutions. The properties of the alginate/biochar hydrogel beads were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller analyses. Adsorption behavior of alginate/biochar hydrogel beads indicated that the adsorption capacities for Cu2+ (28.6–72.7 mg/g) were enhanced with increasing alginate content, whereas the adsorption capacities for benzene (20.0–52.8 mg/g) were improved with increasing biochar content. The alginate/biochar hydrogel beads exhibited similar adsorption capacities for Cu2+ and benzene in the concurrent system with Cu2+ and benzene compared to those in a single pollutant system. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies of the alginate/biochar hydrogel beads followed the pseudo-second-order model (r2 = 0.999 for Cu2+, and r2 = 0.999 for benzene), and Langmuir model (r2 = 0.999 for Cu2+, and r2 = 0.995 for benzene). In addition, alginate/biochar hydrogel beads (containing 1 and 4% biochar) exhibited high reusability (>80%). Therefore, alginate/biochar hydrogel beads can be applied as adsorbents for the removal of multiple pollutants with different properties from wastewater.
Takeover performance according to the level of disengagement during automated driving

Taking over the manual control of a car after Automated Driving (AD) is a key issue for future road safety. However, performance to resume this manual control may be dependant of the driver’s level of engagement in driving during AD. Indeed, according to the level of automation (from L2 to L3 of the SAE), drivers will be in charge of monitoring the driving situation, or will be allowed to perform non-driving related tasks (NDRT) and thus, to be fully disengaged of the driving task. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the influence of the driver’s level of engagement/disengagement during AD on takeover performance using a driving simulator. Four levels of engagement/disengagement were studied: (C1) being engaged in driving situation monitoring without TakeOver Request (TOR) to resume the manual control, (C2) being engaged in driving situation monitoring with a TOR to resume the manual control, (C3) being disengaged of the driving monitoring by performing a cognitively demanding secondary task with a TOR to resume the manual control, and (C4) being disengaged of the driving monitoring in a relaxed position situation with eyes closed and with a TOR to resume the manual control. Forty participants were performed sixteen critical takeover scenarios involving different critical takeover situations. Drivers reaction times and collision risks were measured to assess their takeover performances and to investigate the safety of automation levels 2 and 3. Driving situation monitoring with a TOR (C2) induce shortest reaction times and a lower number of collisions. For the relaxed posture (C4), drivers took longer time to react than the other three conditions. Driving situation monitoring without TOR (C1), had the highest number of collisions. This suggests that the engagement in driving is not always effective and efficient without TOR. Moreover, being in a relaxed position during automated driving decreases takeover performance.
Fetal doppler velocimetry of the middle cerebral artery in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, in Kano, Nigeria

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the major supplier of blood to the brain. Doppler velocimetry has made it possible to identify and insonate the fetal middle cerebral artery and is used in fetal surveillance in high-risk pregnancies and has been efficacious in antenatal fetal monitoring. Methods: Sixty-five patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and sixty-five normotensive pregnant controls between 20 and 39weeks gestational age were recruited for this study. Obstetric ultrasound scan was done to determine the gestational age, estimated fetal weight and amniotic fluid indices. Fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler velocimetric indices (PSV, EDV, RI, PI and S/D ratio) were also measured and documented. Results: The mean PSV of the study group (32.1±10.1 cm/s) was lower than that of the control group (38.6±9.3cm/s). This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.416). However, the mean EDV of the study group (9.09±2.9 cm/s) was higher than that of the control group (8.6±2.0 cm/s) which was also not statistically significant (p=0.074). There was a statistically significant difference (p=<0.001) between the mean RI of the study group (0.70±0.10) and that of the control group (0.77±0.05). The mean PI of the study group (1.35±0.5) was also lower than that of the control group (1.49±0.3), which was statistically significant (p=<0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference (p=0.003) between the mean S/D ratio of the study group (3.64±1.4) and that of the control group (4.5±1.1). Conclusion: There was significant statistical difference in the fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler velocimetric indices between hypertensive and normotensive groups indicating that Fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler ultrasound is a useful tool in monitoring the haemodynamic changes in the cerebral circulation of fetuses of mothers with hypertension in pregnancy.
Relative homological algebra, equivariant de Rham theory, and Koszul duality

Let G be a general (not necessarily finite dimensional compact) Lie group, let g be its Lie algebra, let Cg be the cone on g in the category of differential graded Lie algebras, and consider the functor which assigns to a chain complex V the V-valued total de Rham complex of G. We describe the G-equivariant de Rham cohomology in terms of a suitable relative differential graded Ext, defined on the appropriate category of (G,Cg)-modules. The meaning of "relative" is made precise via the dual standard construction associated with the monad involving the aforementioned functor and the associated forgetful functor. The corresponding infinitesimal equivariant cohomology is the relative differential Ext over Cg relative to g. The functor under discussion decomposes into two functors, the functor which determines differentiable cohomology in the sense of Hochschild-Mostow and the functor which determines the infinitesimal equivariant theory, suitably interpreted. This functor decomposition, in turn, entails an extension of a Decomposition Lemma due to Bott. Appropriate models for the differential graded Ext involving a comparison between a suitably defined simplicial Weil coalgebra and the Weil coalgebra dual to the familiar ordinary Weil algebra yield small models for equivariant de Rham cohomology including the standard Weil and Cartan models for the special case where the group G is compact and connected. Koszul duality in de Rham theory results from these considerations in a straightforward manner.
The Clock Boy: An Analysis of How News Outlets Used Sources to Conceal Bias in News Coverage of Ahmed Mohamed, a Muslim Teen Arrested for Bringing a Self-made Clock to School

ABSTRACT Profiling of Arabs and Muslim Americans as terrorists has led to exaggerated and fearful responses to ordinary incidents. I examine how sources shaped news coverage of Ahmed Mohamed, a teen, who was arrested for bringing a self-assembled clock to school. I analyse coverage of the incident in six media outlets: MSNBC and Washington Post used sources that highlighted racial discrimination; Fox News and Wall Street Journal used sources to cast suspicion on Ahmed’s technical abilities and family honour; and CNN and USA Today used sources to focus on the incident rather than address the problem. I conclude that the terror frame needs to be updated so that innocent citizens are not harmed by an irrational fear of Muslims.
Oxidative stability of cottonseed oil enriched with Cameroonian plant leaves extracts

This work aimed to assess the oxidative stability of cottonseed oil enriched with natural antioxidants from Cameroonian plant leaves extracts. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity via DPPH radical scavenging assay were assessed in ethanolic extracts. These extracts were added to cottonseed oil at concentrations of 200, 500, 1250, and 2000 ppm. The cottonseeds’ oil oxidative stability was evaluated by determining their induction/stability times on Rancimat (120±1.6°C) and by measuring their oxidative state in Schaal oven during 30 days (samples were removed after 10 days) of storage at 60°C. The outcomes showed that Canarium schweinfurthii, Trichoscypha acuminate, Dacryodes edulis, and Psidium guajava leaves extracts are rich in polyphenols (18.56 to 42.70 mg/g) and flavonoids (2.14 to 5.36 mg/g). The ethanolic extracts, above 1250 ppm, were also efficient like synthetic antioxidants in inhibiting the oxidation of cottonseeds oil at high temperatures. The evaluation of oxidation parameters of enriched cottonseeds oil showed that different extracts at 2000 ppm can limit the appearance of both primary and secondary oxidation products in oils.
Efficiency of phosphorus use by melon genotypes

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of phosphorus use with melon genotypes cultivated in a hydroponic system. Ten melon genotypes were evaluated in solutions with and without phosphorus restriction. A randomized block design in a 10 × 2 factorial scheme was used, with five replicates. The following characteristics were evaluated: leaf number, stem diameter, main branch length, root system length, root system volume, chlorophyll, root and shoot phosphorus concentration ratio, total phosphorus, root and shoot dry matter ratio, total dry matter, and phosphorus use, acquisition, and internal utilization efficiencies. The existence of variability among genotypes was verified for all evaluated characteristics, except for chlorophyll. Genotypes A-16, A-29, A-50, A-52, and Trinity were classified as efficient and responsive in the phosphorus-restricted solution and are promising for breeding studies.
The frictional layer in the observed momentum budget of the trades

Profiles of eddy momentum flux divergence are calculated as the residual in the momentum budget constructed from airborne circular dropsonde arrays ( ∼$$ \sim $$ 220 km) for 13 days during the EUREC 4$$ {}^4 $$ A/ATOMIC field campaign. The observed dynamical forcing averaged over all flights agrees broadly with European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) forecasts. In the direction of the flow, a mean flux divergence (friction) exists over a 1.5‐km deep Ekman layer, and a mean flux convergence (acceleration) is present near cloud tops. The friction is countergradient between 1 and 1.5 km, where vertical wind shear exceeds the observed thermal wind. From the frictional profile, a 10‐m momentum flux of ∼$$ \sim $$ 0.1 N ·$$ \cdotp $$ m −2$$ {}^{-2} $$ is derived, in line with Saildrone turbulence measurements. A momentum flux divergence in the cross‐wind direction is pronounced near the surface and acts to veer the wind, opposing the friction‐induced cross‐isobaric wind turning. Weaker friction and upper‐level acceleration of easterly flow are observed when stronger winds and more vigorous convection prevail. Turbulence measurements on board the SAFIRE ATR‐42 aircraft and the Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS) RAAVEN reveal pronounced spatial variability of momentum fluxes, with a non‐negligible contribution of mesoscales (5–30 km). The findings highlight the nontrivial impact of turbulence, convection, and mesoscale flows in the presence of diverse cloud fields on the depth and strength of the frictional layer.
Self-Concept and Academic Achievement in Primary School: A Predictive Study

The study of academic achievement continues to be one of the "star" topics in the field of education today because of its great importance as an indicator for assessing educational quality and has therefore been studied from various perspectives. In this regard, the aim of this study was to study which dimensions of self-concept (behavioral, intellectual, physical, lack of anxiety, social or popularity and subjective happiness-life satisfaction) predict performance in each core subjects (Spanish Language and Literature, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences and First Foreign Language (English)). For this purpose, a sample of 116 students from the last cycle of Primary Education (10-12 years) was selected by accessibility and administered a multidimensional Self-Concept Scale. The data were analyzed using the multiple linear regression technique, evaluating the Root Mean Squared Error, statistical power and effect size in all of them. The main results show that intellectual self-concept is the most important predictor of academic achievement. Therefore, schools should be aware of the importance of fostering confidence and expectations of success in students' academic tasks.
Comparative analysis of the leaf architectural characters of Saurauia bontocensis Merr. and Saurauia polysperma (Blanco) Merr. with the application of Digital Image Analysis Software

Abstract. Daipan BPO, Buot IE Jr., Daipan HMO. 2022. Comparative analysis of the leaf architectural characters of Saurauia bontocensis Merr. and Saurauia polysperma (Blanco) Merr. with the application of Digital Image Analysis Software. Biodiversitas 23: 3869-3875. Major confusion still exists among several authors concerning the taxonomy of the dagwey plant. This species is economically significant to the Ikalahan tribe of Luzon, Philippines. Several papers claimed that the plant is Saurauia bontocensis, while others stated that it is Saurauia subglabra. Many botanical websites claimed that S. subglabra is synonymous with S. polysperma, while another article distinguished S. subglabra from S. polysperma. Thus, to help resolve the taxonomic ambiguities, this paper performed a comparative analysis of the leaf architectural characters of S. bontocensis and S. polysperma with the aid of digital image analysis software and cluster analysis. Results revealed that the blade characters alone, delineate the two species, particularly, in terms of the laminar size, shape, symmetry, leaf L:W ratio, base and apex angle, and base shape. Additionally, the leaf venation characters delineate the two species, specifically, on the 2º to 5º vein categories, 2º vein angle, 3º vein course, 3º vein angle to 1º, areolation, freely ending ultimate veins, marginal ultimate venation, and leaf rank. Generally, S. bontocensis have larger, longer, and wider leaves compared with the S. polysperma. The leaf architecture analysis performed in this paper produced a very promising result in differentiating the two Saurauia species and could be used to address some of the taxonomic confusion of these species. The study indicated that S. bontocensis and S. polysperma are two distinct species. Moreover, the use of digital image analysis software was very helpful in the computations of the various blade characters, particularly the digital herbarium exsiccate in the absence of actual leaf samples.
Depression and Associated Factors among Community-Dwelling Thai Older Adults in Northern Thailand: The Relationship between History of Fall and Geriatric Depression

Background: Globally, population aging is happening more quickly than in the past, and Thailand ranks the world’s number three among the rapidly aging countries. Age-related decline in physical and mental health would impact depression among older adults. We aimed to determine the depression among the community-dwelling Thai older adults in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Methods: The baseline data, collected by door-to-door household visits of an intervention arm from a cluster randomized controlled trial (Community-Integrated Intermediary Care (CIIC): TCTR20190412004), were included in this cross-sectional study. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression were applied. Results: The mean age was 69.31 ± 7.10 years and 23.8% of study participants were older than 75 years. The Thai geriatric depression scale showed 6.5% had depression. Adjusted risk factors for depression were older age, being single, drinking alcohol daily, having diabetes, having experience of a fall last year, self-rated health as neutral, poor/very poor, and moderate/severe dependency by ADL scoring. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the potentially modifiable risk factors in addition to the common predictors affecting depression among community-dwelling older adults. Fall prevention programs and public health interventions to prevent diabetes are recommended. Furthermore, self-rated health and Barthel’s ADL scoring would be simple tools to predict risk factors for geriatric depression.
First Column Boundary Operator Product Expansion Coefficients

We calculate boundary operator product expansion coefficients for boundary operators in the first column of the Kac table in conformal field theories. For c=0 we give closed form expressions for all such coefficients. Then we generalize to the augmented minimal models, giving explicit expressions for coefficients valid when \phi_{1,2} mediates a change from fixed to free boundary conditions. These quantities are determined by computing an arbitrary four-point correlation function of first column operators. Our calculation first determines the appropriate (non-logarithmic) conformal blocks by using standard null-vector methods. The behavior of these blocks under crossing symmetry then provides a general closed form expression for the desired coefficients, as a product of ratios of gamma functions. This calculation was inspired by the need for several of these coefficients in certain correlation function formulas for critical two-dimensional percolation and the augmented q=2 and q=3 state critical Potts models.
Improvements in the imaging performance of a high volume manufacturing EUV scanner with a special emphasis on the added value of the new illuminator for increased pupil flexibility

With the introduction of the NXE:3400B EUV scanner, ASML brings to the market the next generation NXE system. In this paper we present the results of a subset of a larger investigation that aimed at assessing the imaging performance of the NXE:3400B in various scenarios. The use cases we chose for the presentation here are contact holes, which are typical building blocks for logic and memory applications. In this paper we evaluate typical lithographic metrics. Starting from the exposure latitude, we show that contact holes of already 17nm half-pitch can be printed. Next, we show that the full wafer CD uniformity improvement is mainly driven by a high reticle CD uniformity. After that, we explore the capabilities of the new NXE:3400B illuminator and investigate an improved illumination setting for relaxed staggered contact holes of half pitch >21nm, and show a 20% local CD uniformity improvement (from 4.6 to 3.6nm) for regular contact holes of 18nm half-pitch, without throughput loss.
The Effects of Rapamycin on the Intestinal Graft in a Rat Model of Cold Ischemia Perfusion and Preservation

Attenuating the rheological and structural consequences of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-injury (IRI) is important in transplant proceedings. Preconditioning is an often-proposed remedy. This technique uses physical or pharmacological methods to manipulate key ischemia pathways, such as oxidation, inflammation, and autophagy, prior to ischemia. This study determined the time-dependent effects of Rapamycin preconditioning on small-bowel grafts undergoing cold ischemia perfusion and preservation. Our main parameters were mucosa and cell injury and autophagy. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: sham, preservation-control, and 3 treated groups (Rapamycin administered either 0, 30, or 60 min prior to perfusion). After perfusion, the intestines were placed in chilled IGL-1 solution for 12 h. Thereafter, they were reperfused. Histology and bioanalysis (LDH and lactate) were used to ascertain intestinal injury while immunohistochemistry was used for measuring changes in autophagy markers (Beclin-1, LC3B, and p62 proteins). The results show no significant difference amongst the groups after vascular perfusion. However, intestinal injury findings and autophagy changes demonstrate that administering Rapamycin 30 min or 60 min prior was protective against adverse cold ischemia and reperfusion of the intestinal graft. These findings show that Rapamycin is protective against cold ischemia of the small intestine, especially when administered 30 min before the onset.
Bactris gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes complete plastome and phylogenetic analysis

Abstract Bactris gasipaes var. gasipaes (Arecaceae, Palmae) is an economically and socially important plant species for populations across tropical South and Central America. It has been domesticated from its wild variety, B. gasipaes var. chichagui, since pre-Columbian times. In this study, we sequenced the plastome of the cultivated variety, B. gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes and compared it with the published plastome of the wild variety. The chloroplast sequence obtained was 156,580 bp. The cultivated chloroplast sequence was conserved compared to the wild type sequence with 99.8% of nucleotide identity. We did, however, identify multiple Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs), insertions, microsatellites and a resolved region of missing nucleotides. A SNV in one of the core barcode markers (matK) was detected between the wild and cultivated accessions. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out across the Arecaceae family and compared to previous reports, resulting in an identical topology. This study is a step forward in understanding the genome evolution of this species.
Physicochemical properties, consumer acceptability and microbial quality of saccharified sweet potato juice preserved with lemon

In this study, saccharified sweet potato juice preserved with lemon juice at different concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%, was formulated. Physicochemical, sensory, and microbial quality of the juice stored for 48 hr were analyzed. The pH and brix values decreased, but the total titratable acidity increased as a result of added lemon juice. There was a significant amount of Vitamin-C, B6, and B9 in the samples, while the antinutritional component (phytate, saponin and tannin) of the juice was generally low compared with the generally acceptable limit. The sensory results showed that the sample with 2.5% lemon juice was the most accepted. The rate of microbial growth within a 48 hr storage period decreased with the addition of lemon and there was no record of fecal coliform bacteria growth. Lemon can be used as a source of natural preservatives and a substitute for artificial preservatives for sweet potato juice.