Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Simplex Reminiscent of Sperner's Lemma

We prove three results about colorings of the simplex reminiscent of Sperner's Lemma in hardness of approximation and fair division. First, let   k k k,q + i i=1 V = v : v =q    and     k k k,q 1 2 k + i i=1 E = a+e ,a e ,. ,a e : a : a =q-1 .      Then for every Sperner-admissible labeling (l : Vk,q  [k] such that vl(v) > 0 for each v  Vk,q), there are at least q k 3 k 2          non-monochromatic hyperedges in Ek,q. This implies an optimal Unique-Games hardness of (k-1-)approximation for the Hypergraph Labeling with Color Lists problem in a k-uniform hypergraph H = (V, E) with color lists L(v)  [k] v  V. To prove labeling l(v)  L(v) that minimizes the number of non-monochromatic hyperedges. We also show that a (k 1)-approximation can be achieved. Second, we show that in contrast to Sperner's Lemma, there is a Sperner-admissible labeling of Vk,q such that every hyperedge in Ek,q contains at most 4 colors. We present an interpretation of this statement in the context of fair division : There is a preference function on k,q =   k k+ i i=1 x : x = q    such that for any division of q units of a resource, (x1, x2, . . . ., xk)  k,q such that   k i i=1 x = q-1,  at most 4 players out of k are satisfied.
Dynamic Modeling of Pavements with Application to Deflection Measurements

The paper presents the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) formulated in a moving frame of reference for transient dynamic response of a multi-layer 2D half-space. A displacement based finite element formulation of the convected domain problem is presented together with a PML formulation in which the original convolution integrals are represented via two auxiliary displacement-like state-space variables. A parametric study of the PML parameters is conducted for optimizing the PML. The performance is demonstrated on a singleand a two-layered half-space for various velocities of an impulse Ricker load. Excellent absorbing properties are demonstrated in both half spaces.
Minimization of asymptotic energy of Müller's functional endowed with local nonlinear lower‐order term

We solve a minimization problem associated to a generalization of the Müller functional studied in the paper G. Alberti, S. Müller: A new approach to variational problems with multiple scales, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 54, 761–825 (2001), whereby the lower order term ∫10a(s)v2(s)ds (involving a primitive of the mass density function, v = v(s), and the weight function a = a(s)) is replaced by ∫10a(s, v(s), v′(s))v2(s)ds (where a belongs to a suitable Carathéodory class). We calculate the rescaled asymptotic energy of the functional as small parameter epsilon tends to zero. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Statistical methods for data mining in genomics databases (Gene Set En- richment Analysis)

Our focus is on statistical testing methods, that compare a given vector of numeric values, indexed by all genes in the human genome, to a given set of genes, known to be associated to a particular type of cancer for instance. Among existing methods, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis is the most widely used. However it has several drawbacks. Firstly, the calculation of p-values is very much time consuming, and insufficiently precise. Secondly, like most other methods, it outputs a large number of significant results, the majority of which are not biologically meaningful. The two issues are addressed here, by two new statistical procedures, the Weighted and Doubly Weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The two tests have been applied both to simulated and real data, and compared with other existing procedures. Our conclusion is that, beyond their mathematical and algorithmic advantages, the WKS and DWKS tests could be more informative in many cases, than the classical GSEA test and efficiently address the issues that have led to their construction.
Balancing Transformations for Innite-Dimension al Systems

We consider model reduction by balanced truncation for infinite-dimensional linear systems. The goal is to apply balancing and truncation to L-well-posed linear system with a nuclear Hankel operator in order to obtain a finite dimensional system approximating the input-output behavior in the H∞ norm. Our main result is that we explicitly construct pseudo-similarity transformations from factors of the gramians in analogy to the finite dimensional transformations in [3]. These possibly unbounded transformations can be applied to the generators (A,B,C) of the system and yield a new well-posed system on `2, which is balanced in the sense that its gramians are both equal to a diagonal operator on `2. This also generalizes results on `2 balanced realizations from [1] to a larger class of systems. Subsequently, a balanced realization may be truncated, making an error which is bounded by the Hankel singular values as recently proved by [2]. Moreover, we consider reduced transformations which yield the truncated system directly. It should be mentioned that we do not need any controllability or observability assumptions for our approach.
Students' Understanding of Bar Graphs and Histograms: Results From the LOCUS Assessments

ABSTRACT Bar graphs and histograms are core statistical tools that are widely used in statistical practice and commonly taught in classrooms. Despite their importance and the instructional time devoted to them, many students demonstrate misunderstandings when asked to read and interpret bar graphs and histograms. Much of the research that has been conducted about these misunderstandings has been with students in introductory statistics classes at the college level. In this article, students in grades 6–12 completed multiple-choice and constructed-response questions about bar graphs and histograms as part of a larger study. The same misunderstandings that college-level students demonstrate were found in these younger students.
A Mixed-Method Approach Towards Identifying Students Game-playing Characteristics, Styles and Motivational Drives Behind Them

Gamification is a motivational tool that is designed to improve an already existing process and, for an educational gamified system to deliver the intended goal, it is of greatest importance to identify users learning and gaming background and their behaviour in related situations, but also, their expectations from gamified interaction that is intended for specific purposes. As a part of Malta College of Arts Science and Technology (MCAST) pre-implementation strategy, this study employs a mixed methods approach. The study was conducted in the March-July of 2019 period, and it involved 74 Level 2-3 MCAST, chosen by convenience sampling. The findings show that participants prefer playing in cooperative digital game contexts, and, generally play more than 3 times a week. 64.38% of respondents like the idea of learning via games, while the majority of students (48.65%) has a habit of replaying a game once they have finished it. In the classroom, students would like to see more lecturers who adapt to their level, have more interaction both between themselves and the lecturer, and more activities integrated. In addition, students suggested involving more practical aspects within the more abstract theoretical modules in order to help them assimilate their knowledge. Among those students, in the sample, who play digital games, explorers and socializers are the prevalent player types, with a few strong killers. With this in mind, the following rounds of research will explore in more details students a) learning and gaming patterns, b) and factors leading to student satisfaction in order to adequatlly incorporate in the system those game mechanisms that prevalent player types find the most stimulating.Highlights:The majority of participants prefer playing digital games.The majority of participants prefer playing in cooperative mode.The majority of participants play digital games more than 3 times a week.The majority of participants likes the idea of learning through games.The participants call lecturers to adapt to their level; involve more interaction both between themselves and the lecturer in the classroom, and have more activities integrated. Participants call for blending more practical aspects within the more abstract theoretical modules in order to help them assimilate their knowledge. Among the participants who play digital games prevalent player types are explorers and socializers.
Four Corner Fusion Vs. Proximal Row Carpectomy for The Treatment of Scapholunate Advanced Collapse

Background: One of the most typical wrist degenerative arthritis patterns is scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC). Hyperextension or axial loading along with ulnar deviation or carpal supination is the mechanism causing scapholunate ligament injury. Additionally, a perilunate injury may leave behind scapholunate ligament insufficiency. Objective: to perform a systematic review and metanalysis comparing the outcomes of patients with SLAC managed by four corner fusion (4 corner fussij) and those treated with proximal row carpectomy regarding functional outcome, compliance, complications, union and patients’ satisfaction in light of evidence-based medicine. Patients and Methods: the present study used two electronic medical databases: PubMed and Cochrane to identify relevant studies from January 2005 till December 2021 comparing 4CF and PRC for SLAC rresilt. Results: There were 158 individuals as an overall number in all the involved studies, 69 had done 4CF and 89 had done PRC. The average age of all studied was 50.23±15.9 and 56.89±14.36 between 4CF and PRC groups with no significant difference. The Distributionism of sex among included studies male percentage was 67.8% and 64.2% between 4CF and PRC groups. Conclusion: The comprehensive study has revealed that PRC and 4CF are both effective treatments for patients with symptomatic and staging SAC wrists. distribution 2 were PRC DASH s higher than 4CF. 4CF VAS distribution was lower than PRC. Grip strength was gighre in PRC than 4CF. extension flexion distribution was higher in 4CF than PRC.
A Mathematical Study of Accessibility and Cohesion Degree in a High-Speed Rail Station Connected to an Urban Bus Transport Network

Abstract In the last twenty years, the implementation of High-Speed Rail (HSR) has been one of the major strategies for territorial structuring used by various countries. This model has enhanced the development of countries such as France, Spain, Germany and Japan. At present, the United States and China are also starting to implement this model. Nevertheless, the lack of social and economic profitability of several networks is being increasingly analysed. Many networks located in particular regions serve populations that are not large enough to recover the initial investment. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the population served by this transport mode, beyond the number of users. In this sense, it is essential to identify the deficiencies and potentials of implementing a network linked to other secondary networks in a specific territory which can compensate for the so-called tunnel effect. This article proposes to apply a mathematical approach based on graph theory to measure the Degree Accessibility Node (DAN) in a constrained Geographic Information System (GIS) model. Hence, it would be possible to compare regions, especially medium-sized cities, where the implementation of HSR could represent a qualitative leap due to incorporation into large transport networks. The DAN function uses static and dynamic studies to evaluate the level of connection of stations to secondary transport networks—local public transport in this case. Thus, the impact of high-speed trains could be spread to greater territorial and population ranges. Four cases have been studied, two in Germany (one of them, Fulda, is analysed in depth throughout this article) and two in Spain. These two countries were selected since HSR was implemented in the same relative period of time, in comparison with other European countries. Results show relevant differences, suggesting a review of inappropriate policies of transport integration in a city that could weaken the expansion of the positive effects of HSR integration.
The acceptance of mobile applications for accommodation booking in Vietnam: Case of gen Z

The development of technology and smart mobile devices such as phones and tablets has changed the behavior of tourists when booking tourism services. Based on the technology acceptance model, this study aims to explore the factors influencing the intention to use mobile applications for accommodation booking among GENZ in Vietnam. The analysis of 218 users revealed that four factors influence the behavior of using mobile applications for booking: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and hedonic motivation. In addition to identifying the factors affecting usage intention, this study also proposes implications to assist developers and providers in improving their applications and developing suitable product strategies for the future.
Application of Generalizability Theory in Measurement Error in 2019 WAEC Mathematics Objective Examination in Benin Metropolis

: This study investigated measurement error in 2019 WAEC senior secondary school examination using generalizability theory. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analyzing measurement error in the senior secondary school 2019 WAEC mathematics objective examination using generalizability theory, and also to determine the highest contribution of facets: students, items and teachers to measurement error. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. The study was survey which adopted a random effect two-facet fully crossed s×t×i design for a generalizability (G) and decision (D) studies. The population consisted of fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and ninety-seven (5697) senior secondary three (SS3) students in the seventy-five (75) public secondary schools in Benin metropolis for the 2019/2020 academic session. The instrument for data collection was a fifty (50) multiple choice WAEC, mathematics 2019 examination. The instrument has been validated by the West African Examination Council (WAEC). The reliability of the items was ascertained using the Kuder – Richardson 20 (KR 20) to obtain internal consistency. It gave a value of 0.92. Data collected were analyzed using a software EduG version 6.0-e based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalizability. The findings which emerged from the study were: the highest contribution to measurement error in examination scores was the students - teacher interaction which accounted for 68.9%, this was followed by the student factor (27.5%) and the residual, that is, interaction of student, teachers and items (3.6%). A generalizability coefficient of 0.97 high enough to rank order students according to their relative abilities in examinations was obtained when the number of teachers was increased to 78. Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended that generalizability analysis should be carried out by researchers, test developers and examination bodies so as to reduce or eliminate measurement error and hence maximize reliability.
Determination of The Radiation Shielding Performance of MoO2 Addition On PbO by Monte Carlo Simulation

As it is known, lead is a toxic material, although it is used in shielding material. To developalternative materials that can be used in radiation shielding, the effect of MoO2 additives on the massabsorption properties of PbO was investigated. 662 keV, 1173 keV, and 1332 keV gamma energies wereused in the study. Radiation absorption properties of materials taken with the XCOM database and GATEsimulation programs at each energy value are given comparatively. By using the obtained mass attenuationcoefficient, mean free path, half-value thickness, and linear attenuation coefficients were calculated.
Diurnal Variations in the Western Atlantic Trades during the BOMEX

The diurnal variations of wind, temperature and pressure in the troposphere have been studied by many authors. Harris et al. (1962) analysed diurnal variations for 30 levels from the surface to 10*mb at Azores (38*44'N, 27*04'W). Hering and Borden (1962) studied the diurnal wind variations over the central United States and found three oscillation regimes which have the maximum amplitude of a few m sec-1. They concluded that these diurnal variations are organized by the summer wind field over the central United States. Wallace and Hartranft (1969) examined global distributions of diurnal wind variations from the surface to 30km and concluded that the diurnal wind variations at low and middle latitudes are strongly related to topography, land-sea contrasts and terrain slope. Recently Hastenrath (1972) examined the daily wind, pressure and temperature variations up to 30km over the tropical western Pacific. However, there are few observational studies of the diurnal variations of large-scale horizontal divergence and the vertical motion. Wallace and Hartranft (1969) found the diurnal cycle of the horizontal divergence in the layer below 700mb in the western Pacific which has an amplitude of the order of 5*10-7sec-1. Recently Nitta and Esbensen (1974) analysed large-scale mass, heat and moisture budgets over the Atlantic trade wind region. In their results of areal averaged vertical velocity, a large amplitude diurnal variation is clearly seen but a detailed analysis of this variation was not given in their paper. In this paper we examine the diurnal variations of horizontal
Agritourism: a source for socio-economic transformation in developing economies

This conceptual paper uses an expansive literature review on agritourism as a source for socio-economic transformation in developing economies and extrapolates the findings to Zimbabwe. With exceptional natural resources coupled with deeply rooted cultural heritage and unique opportunities presented by agritourism prospects, offer Zimbabwe invaluable chances at fostering sustainable growth within farming communities. However, though there are substantial agritourism attractions within the country little effort is placed upon advertising these attractions resulting in insufficient literature on such versatile prospects. Research suggests that higher socio-economic status, improved access to food within households, and reduced vulnerability can lead to beneficial outcomes. Consequently, it is crucial for agricultural communities to be inclusive and considerate of their social circumstances, physical environments, and cultural heritage. To facilitate future progress, farmers should promote the expansion of agritourism, thus accommodating evolving demands. The paper proposes a transformative model based on location, funding, product quality, marketing techniques, infrastructure, and legislative support as catalysts toward viable agritourism.
Testing mutual independence in high dimensions with sums of squares of rank correlations

We treat the problem of testing mutual independence between m continuous observations when the available sample size n is comparable to m. As test statistics, we consider sums of squared rank correlations between pairs of random variables. Specific examples we study are sums of squares formed from Kendall's tau and from Spearman's rho. In the asymptotic regime where m/n converges to a positive constant, the null distribution of these statistics is shown to converge to a normal limit. The proofs are based on results for sums of squares of rank-based U-statistics.
Sensitivity and Nonlinearity of Thermoacoustic Oscillations

Nine decades of rocket engine and gas turbine development have shown that thermoacoustic oscillations are difficult to predict but can usually be eliminated with relatively small ad hoc design changes. These changes can, however, be ruinously expensive to devise. This review explains why linear and nonlinear thermoacoustic behavior is so sensitive to parameters such as operating point, fuel composition, and injector geometry. It shows how nonperiodic behavior arises in experiments and simulations and discusses how fluctuations in thermoacoustic systems with turbulent reacting flow, which are usually filtered or averaged out as noise, can reveal useful information. Finally, it proposes tools to exploit this sensitivity in the future: adjoint-based sensitivity analysis to optimize passive control designs and complex systems theory to warn of impending thermoacoustic oscillations and to identify the most sensitive elements of a thermoacoustic system.
Full Model Simulation of Shellside Thermal Augmentation of Small Heat Exchanger with Two Tube Passes

ABSTRACT A small heat exchanger with segmental baffles and two tube passes was built and experimented to investigate the shellside heat transfer enhancement in our previous research. In the present paper, the full numerical model is constructed for the experimented heat exchanger of two tube passes with the commercial software ANSYS Fluent, where the computation domain consists of not only the fluids on the shell and tube sides but also the solids of baffles and tubes. The conjugated heat transfer between the hot and cold fluids through tubes is modeled. To check the prediction precision of current full model, the computed fluid outlet temperature and heat transfer rate are compared with experimental counterparts. With current full model, the effects of baffle number on the performances of heat transfer and flow resistance are studied, and the discussions are conducted with the scalar contours and velocity vectors. The current research could be used for the industrial application of small segmental baffle heat exchangers with multiple tube passes.
Semiparametric maximum likelihood estimation with data missing not at random

Nonresponse is frequently encountered in empirical studies. When the response mechanism is missing not at random (MNAR) statistical inference using the observed data is quite challenging. Handling MNAR data often requires two model assumptions: one for the outcome and the other for the response propensity. Correctly specifying these two model assumptions is challenging and difficult to verify from the responses obtained. In this article we propose a semiparametric maximum likelihood method for MNAR data in the sense that a parametric assumption is used for the response propensity part of the model and a nonparametric model is used for the outcome part. The resulting analysis is more robust than the fully parametric approach. Some asymptotic properties of our estimators are derived. Results from a simulation study are also presented. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 45: 393–409; 2017 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
Emergence of New Segments of Swiss Wine Consumers: A Comparison with a Segmentation Study from 2011

This study aimed to examine the various Swiss wine consumer segments, evaluate whether and how these segments had changed during the past decade, and formulate recommendations for targeted marketing. Data were collected through an online survey involving randomly selected Swiss households who were invited using flyers; the final sample size was N = 512. With the use of a shortened version of the questionnaire devised for a similar study published in 2011, we were able to compare the results of the said study with the present results. The results of the principal component analyses revealed eight factors. The factor scores were then used in hierarchical cluster analyses, which in turn revealed seven distinct segments of wine consumers. Four of these had already been identified 10 years ago: involved (21.9%), price-conscious (20.3%), lowbrow (16.0%), and image-oriented (5.3%) consumers. Three new segments emerged: local (15.2%), traditional (11.9%), and relaxation-seeking (9.4%) consumers. Our results show that each wine seller has its own place in the market and can benefit from the present study, which determines the appropriate marketing mix for a specific segment.