Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The zircon Hf isotope archive of rapidly changing mantle sources in the south Patagonian retro-arc

Rapid changes in geochemical and isotopic signatures of arc-related magmatic products can be used to trace magmatic processes in subduction zones across many scales, from the regional response of magmatism to large-scale geodynamic changes in the subduction system, to the emplacement of single intrusions. In this contribution, we use the south Patagonian subduction system as a natural laboratory to investigate magmatic processes in continental arcs. We use diverse intrusions and dikes from the retro-arc region at 49−51°S to investigate these processes both at the subduction zone scale, and within the exceptionally well-exposed Torres del Paine sheeted intrusion. We present Hf isotope data for zircon from 30 to 12 Ma magmatic units that were emplaced ∼50 km inboard of the main subduction-related batholith. These samples record an ∼18 m.y. period during which the region experienced profound geodynamic changes, resulting in transient migration of arc magmatism into the retro-arc, which then vanished to be replaced by more alkaline retro-arc magmatism. Integrating published whole rock geochemistry, we show that the Hf isotope signatures of these magmatic units directly record their mantle sources, with negligible assimilation of continental crust into magmas during transport through and storage in the crust. This allows us to trace the appearance and disappearance of the subduction component in the retro-arc mantle. Our data show that migration of calc-alkaline magmatism into the retro-arc produced magmas with a more enriched Hf isotope composition that was remarkably consistent over ∼200 km and >4 m.y. (eHf(i) of −1 to +2.5). These signatures record addition of subducted continental crust to the mantle wedge during a period of subduction erosion that was associated with arc migration, and show that only a few m.y. of fluxing by a subduction component is sufficient to leave a distinct Hf isotope imprint on a mantle wedge previously unmodified by subduction. The Torres del Paine laccolith was built up by discrete pulses of magmatism in <200 k.y. Our data show isotopic differences between magmatic batches, and an abrupt shift to more juvenile Hf isotope compositions during the buildup of the youngest part of this magmatic complex, recording the rapid input of new mantle-derived melts during its formation. This rapid rejuvenation occurred within 20 ± 10 k.y. , demonstrating that different batches of magmatism within a single intrusive complex can tap geochemically distinct mantle reservoirs on very short timescales of <200 k.y.
Bioactive Diterpenoids from Clerodendrum kiangsiense

A new abeo-abietane diterpenoid, 12-methoxy-6,11,14,16-tetrahydroxy-17(15→16)-abeo-5,8,11,13-abietatetraen-3,7-dione (8), was isolated from the hydroalcoholic extract of the herb of Clerodendrum kiangsiense along with seven known diterpenoids (1–7). Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including two-dimensional NMR and comparison with literature data. All of these compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the growth of human cancer cells lines HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549 and MCF-7 by the MTT assay. The results showed that cryptojaponol (4), fortunin E (6) and 8 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines.
Survey Paper on Hilbert Transform With its Applications in Signal Processing

In signal processing, Hilbert transform is used as an analytical tool. Hilbert Transform (HT) is useful in certain kinds of modulation schemes and also for bounded signals. The overall narrow band signals can be easily interpreted in terms of amplitude and frequency modulation. The various applications are present in magnetic recording, filter designing, edge detection and image processing. Keywords—Hilbert Transform; Bounded signals; magnetic recording; FourierTransform.
The FoldX web server: an online force field

FoldX is an empirical force field that was developed for the rapid evaluation of the effect of mutations on the stability, folding and dynamics of proteins and nucleic acids. The core functionality of FoldX, namely the calculation of the free energy of a macromolecule based on its high-resolution 3D structure, is now publicly available through a web server at . The current release allows the calculation of the stability of a protein, calculation of the positions of the protons and the prediction of water bridges, prediction of metal binding sites and the analysis of the free energy of complex formation. Alanine scanning, the systematic truncation of side chains to alanine, is also included. In addition, some reporting functions have been added, and it is now possible to print both the atomic interaction networks that constitute the protein, print the structural and energetic details of the interactions per atom or per residue, as well as generate a general quality report of the pdb structure. This core functionality will be further extended as more FoldX applications are developed.
Low Band Gap Donor–Acceptor Type Polymers Containing 2,3-Bis(4-(decyloxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine as Acceptor and Different Thiophene Derivatives as Donors

Four donor–acceptor type conducting polymers, namely poly(2,3-bis(4-decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(4-thiophen-2-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P1), poly(2,3-bis(4-decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(4-butylthiophen-2-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P2), poly(2,3-bis(4-(decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(4-hexyloxythiophen-2-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P3) and poly(2,3-bis(4-(decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-7-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P4), containing thiophene or its derivative as the donor and pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine as the acceptor were prepared and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to detect the influence of the donor units’ strength on the electrochromic performances. The results demonstrated that all of the polymers could be reversibly reduced and oxidized by p-type doping and n-type doping, and showed near-infrared activities and different color changes in p-type doping process. Especially, P3 and P4 showed lower optical band gap than P1 and P2 due to the strong electron-donating hexyloxythiophen group of P3 and ethylenedioxythiophene group of P4. Besides, P3 and P4 displayed the saturated green color at the neutral state and the desirable transparency at the oxidized state. All the polymers displayed desirable optical contrasts, satisfactory coloration efficiency, excellent stability and short switching time, which made the polymers fascinating candidates in the electrochromic device applications.
Helping Students Understand Courses through Written Syntheses: An LSA-Based Online Advisor

In a life-long learning context, learners have to perform a lot of writing-based activities, like doc¬ument analysis, that are seldom assessed by teachers or tutors because this assessment is time-consuming. We introduce a service, Pensum, integrated in a PLE that helps students to understand a course content through writing a synthesis, as well as teachers and tutors to manage this activity. Based on natural language processing techniques, Pensum proposes just-in-time and reflexive feedback on a complex writing task.
Complementary algorithms for graphs and percolation

A pair of complementary algorithms are presented. One of the pair is a fast method for connecting graphs with an edge. The other is a fast method for removing edges from a graph. Both algorithms employ the same tree-based graph representation and so, in concert, can arbitrarily modify any graph. Since the clusters of a percolation model may be described as simple connected graphs, an efficient Monte Carlo scheme can be constructed which uses the algorithms to sweep the occupation probability back and forth between two turning points. This approach concentrates computational sampling time within a region of interest. A high-precision value of p(c) = 0.59274603(9) was thus obtained, by Mersenne twister, for the two-dimensional square site percolation threshold.
Ordinary and Extraordinary Movement Behaviour of Small Resident Fish within a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area

It is important to account for the movement behaviour of fishes when designing effective marine protected areas (MPAs). Fish movements occur across different spatial and temporal scales and understanding the variety of movements is essential to make correct management decisions. This study describes in detail the movement patterns of an economically and commercially important species, Diplodus sargus, within a well-enforced Mediterranean MPA. We monitored horizontal and vertical movements of 41 adult individuals using passive acoustic telemetry for up to one year. We applied novel analysis and visualization techniques to get a comprehensive view of a wide range of movements. D. sargus individuals were highly territorial, moving within small home ranges (< 1 km2), inside which they displayed repetitive diel activity patterns. Extraordinary movements beyond the ordinary home range were observed under two specific conditions. First, during stormy events D. sargus presented a sheltering behaviour, moving to more protected places to avoid the disturbance. Second, during the spawning season they made excursions to deep areas (> 50 m), where they aggregated to spawn. This study advances our understanding about the functioning of an established MPA and provides important insights into the biology and management of a small sedentary species, suggesting the relevance of rare but important fish behaviours.
The potential value of ultrasonography in the evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome

The authors compared ultrasonography with electrophysiology for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) on 110 clinically affected wrists. An increased cross sectional area in the proximal carpal tunnel larger than 0.11 cm2 in combination with compression signs on longitudinal scans proved to be highly predictive for CTS (sensitivity, 89.1%; specificity, 98.0%). Ultrasound was comparable to electrophysiology in the diagnosis of CTS, and in 35% of cases changes in morphology suggested a specific therapeutic strategy.
Using unsupervised learning with independent component analysis to identify patterns of glaucomatous visual field defects.

PURPOSE Clustering by unsupervised learning with machine learning classifiers was shown to segment clusters of patterns in standard automated perimetry (SAP) for glaucoma in previous publications. In this study, unsupervised learning by independent component analysis decomposed SAP field patterns into axes, and the information represented by these axes was evaluated. METHODS SAP fields were used that were obtained with the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) from 189 normal eyes and 156 eyes with glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) determined by masked review with stereoscopic optic disc photographs. The variational Bayesian independent component analysis mixture model (vB-ICA-mm) partitioned the SAP fields into the most informative number of clusters. Simultaneously, the model learned an optimal number of maximally independent axes for each cluster. RESULTS The most informative number of clusters in the SAP set was two. vB-ICA-mm placed 68.6% of the eyes with GON in a cluster labeled G and 98.4% of the eyes with normal optic discs in a cluster labeled N. Cluster G optimally contained six axes. Post hoc analysis of patterns generated at -1 SD and +2 SD from the cluster G mean on the six axes revealed defects similar to those identified by experts as indicative of glaucoma. SAP fields associated with an axis showed increasing severity, as they were located farther in the positive direction from the cluster G mean. CONCLUSIONS vB-ICA-mm represented the SAP fields with patterns that were meaningful for glaucoma experts. This process also captured severity in the patterns uncovered. These findings should validate vB-ICA-mm as a data-mining technique for new and unfamiliar complex tests.
Towards the realization of mobile manipulating unmanned aerial vehicles (MM-UAV): Peg-in-hole insertion tasks

This paper proposes a solution to the peg-in-hole problem from an aerial vehicle. While the ground robotics community has mostly solved insertion-style tasks, an air vehicle attempting the same task faces significantly greater challenges. Thus, aerial manipulation mandates a strongly coupled aircraft-arm control scheme to tackle the peg-in-hole problem. Manipulator compliance along with fast inverse kinematics calculations facilitate task completion during hover. We present recent results showing the ability of a simulated dexterous aerial manipulator performing a hose into pump insertion. Kinematic and dynamic modeling of the aircraft-manipulator system are developed. Simulation results validate our system model by generating a kinematic solution and arm trajectory. Lastly, a hardware-in-the-loop test rig is proposed to bridge the gap between basic aerial manipulation research and the ability of flying robots to perform tasks such as door opening, bridge repair, agriculture care, and other applications requiring interaction with the environment. In particular, the usefulness of these capabilities is highlighted in areas where ground robots cannot reach or terrains they are unable to navigate.
The Crystal Structure of the Zinc Phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli Provides Insight into Function and Cooperativity of tRNase Z-Family Proteins

ABSTRACT The elaC gene product from Escherichia coli, ZiPD, is a 3′ tRNA-processing endonuclease belonging to the tRNase Z family of enzymes that have been identified in a wide variety of organisms. In contrast to the elaC homologue from Bacillus subtilis, E. coli elaC is not essential for viability, and although both enzymes process only precursor tRNA (pre-tRNA) lacking a CCA triplet at the 3′ end in vitro, the physiological role of ZiPD remains enigmatic because all pre-tRNA species in E. coli are transcribed with the CCA triplet. We present the first crystal structure of ZiPD determined by multiple anomalous diffraction at a resolution of 2.9 Å. This structure shares many features with the tRNase Z enzymes from B. subtilis and Thermotoga maritima, but there are distinct differences in metal binding and overall domain organization. Unlike the previously described homologous structures, ZiPD dimers display crystallographic symmetry and fully loaded metal sites. The ZiPD exosite is similar to that of the B. subtilis enzyme structurally, but its position with respect to the protein core differs substantially, illustrating its ability to act as a clamp in binding tRNA. Furthermore, the ZiPD crystal structure presented here provides insight into the enzyme's cooperativity and assists the ongoing attempt to elucidate the physiological function of this protein.
Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) forestalls cellular premature senescence at physiological oxygen levels by regulating DNA damage response signaling during DNA replication

Wip1 (protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1D, Ppm1d) is a nuclear serine/threonine protein phosphatase that is induced by p53 following the activation of DNA damage response (DDR) signaling. Ppm1d−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibit premature senescence under conventional culture conditions; however, little is known regarding the role of Wip1 in regulating cellular senescence. In this study, we found that even at a representative physiological concentration of 3% O2, Ppm1d−/− MEFs underwent premature cellular senescence that depended on the functional activation of p53. Interestingly, Ppm1d−/− MEFs showed increased H2AX phosphorylation levels without increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or DNA base damage compared with wild-type (Wt) MEFs, suggesting a decreased threshold for DDR activation or sustained DDR activation during recovery. Notably, the increased H2AX phosphorylation levels observed in Ppm1d−/− MEFs were primarily associated with S-phase cells and predominantly dependent on the activation of ATM. Moreover, these same phenotypes were observed when Wt and Ppm1d−/− MEFs were either transiently or chronically exposed to low levels of agents that induce replication-mediated double-stranded breaks. These findings suggest that Wip1 prevents the induction of cellular senescence at physiological oxygen levels by attenuating DDR signaling in response to endogenous double-stranded breaks that form during DNA replication.
Unloaded quality factor of a substrate integrated waveguide resonator and its variation with the substrate parameters

In this paper, the variation of unloaded Quality factor QU of a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) resonator with the substrate parameters is presented. It is observed that the QU strongly depends on substrate thickness, dielectric constant and loss tangent values. QU of a SIW resonator is also compared with that of a conventional rectangular air filled waveguide resonator and also that of a microstrip resonator. The graphical results shown in this paper can be used as a guideline to choose a proper wave guiding structure or an appropriate substrate for SIW application especially where insertion loss is an important issue.
A methodology for identification of uncertain LFR model of the human operator for telemanipulation with force-feedback

In this paper, a method for determining an uncertain model is proposed and applied to the identification of the human operator in a telemanipulation scheme. The method consists of two steps: first, several LTI models are identified around different configurations; second, an uncertain linear fractional representation is derived so that it encompasses all the LTI models. As an originality, the approach do not require interpolation of the LTI models and the uncertain parameters do not need to have physical meaning. The method is then applied to identify an original uncertain model of the human operator from experiments. The model is then used to analyse the robustness of a teleoperation setup.
PIR-sensor based human motion event classification

In this paper, we use a modified passive infrared radiation or pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor to classify 5 different human motion events with one additional ldquono actionrdquo event. Event detection enables new applications in environments hosting dynamic processes. Typical event detection applications are based on audio or video sensor data. Given a data stream, often the task is to find or classify specific dynamic processes. Most of the applications for the monitoring of human activities in an environment are based on video sensor data. As an alternative or complementary approach, low cost PIR sensors can be used for such applications. The classification is done by a Bayesian approach using conditional Gaussian mixture models (CGMM) trained for each class. We show in experiments that using PIR-sensors, different human motion events in a room can be successfully detected.
A Novel Circularly Polarized Antenna With Coin-Shaped Patches and a Ring-Shaped Strip for Worldwide UHF RFID Applications

A circularly polarized radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna is presented for worldwide ultra- high frequency (UHF) applications. The antenna is composed of two coin-shaped patches, a ring-shaped strip, and a suspended feeding strip with open-circuited termination. The measurements show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth (S11 <;-21 dB) of 22.4% (768-962 MHz) and a stable gain with a peak value of 9.8 dBic. Moreover, it is immune to polarization mismatch with a 3-dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth of 15.9% (816-957 MHz) and a 3-dB AR beamwidth of more than 66°. The proposed antenna can be a candidate for universal RFID readers at the UHF band of 840-955 MHz. Due to the fact that the square holes in the center of the coin-shaped patches can embed one additional small antenna, the proposed antenna has the potential to be a dual- or tri-band combined RFID reader antenna, spanning both the conventional UHF and the ISM band of 2.45 or 5.8 GHz.
16.1 A nanogap transducer array on 32nm CMOS for electrochemical DNA sequencing

In this paper, we have demonstrated a highly scalable all-electronic approach towards DNA sequencing using CMOS readout electronics coupled with post-processed nanogap transducers. While this test chip demonstrated a small array of 8,192 pixels, a 25mm2 chip could theoretically contain over 12 million pixels including I/O pads. Through careful architectural design choices and selection of a novel transduction scheme, we demonstrate that biosensing, such as DNA sequencing, can be performed on advanced CMOS process nodes.
Residual-consensus driven linear matching

We propose a residual-consensus driven linear matching algorithm for simultaneous geometric parameter and point correspondence estimation. Using the linearization technique, we quantize geometric transformation into discrete levels with regard to each correspondence matrix. We identify the uncontaminated models by evaluating the statistical coherent of residual ordering and Maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) test. The uncontaminated models provide the optimal quantization coefficients for each assignment matrix of our linear programming model. Experiment results on a variety of images demonstrate our method effectiveness and robustness.
A new method for estimating the size of small populations from genetic mark–recapture data

The use of non‐invasive genetic sampling to estimate population size in elusive or rare species is increasing. The data generated from this sampling differ from traditional mark–recapture data in that individuals may be captured multiple times within a session or there may only be a single sampling event. To accommodate this type of data, we develop a method, named capwire, based on a simple urn model containing individuals of two capture probabilities. The method is evaluated using simulations of an urn and of a more biologically realistic system where individuals occupy space, and display heterogeneous movement and DNA deposition patterns. We also analyse a small number of real data sets. The results indicate that when the data contain capture heterogeneity the method provides estimates with small bias and good coverage, along with high accuracy and precision. Performance is not as consistent when capture rates are homogeneous and when dealing with populations substantially larger than 100. For the few real data sets where N is approximately known, capwire's estimates are very good. We compare capwire's performance to commonly used rarefaction methods and to two heterogeneity estimators in program capture: Mh‐Chao and Mh‐jackknife. No method works best in all situations. While less precise, the Chao estimator is very robust. We also examine how large samples should be to achieve a given level of accuracy using capwire. We conclude that capwire provides an improved way to estimate N for some DNA‐based data sets. Capwire is available at http://www.cnr. uidaho.edu/lecg/.