Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yoga Practice Is Beneficial for Maintaining Healthy Lifestyle and Endurance Under Restrictions and Stress Imposed by Lockdown During COVID-19 Pandemic

Uncertainty about Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and resulting lockdown caused widespread panic, stress, and anxiety. Yoga is a known practice that reduces stress and anxiety and may enhance immunity. This study aimed to (1) investigate that including Yoga in daily routine is beneficial for physical and mental health, and (2) to evaluate lifestyle of Yoga practitioners that may be instrumental in coping with stress associated with lockdown. This is a pan-India cross-sectional survey study, which was conducted during the lockdown. A self-rated scale, COVID Health Assessment Scale (CHAS), was designed by 11 experts in 3 Delphi rounds (Content valid ratio = 0.85) to evaluate the physical health, mental health, lifestyle, and coping skills of the individuals. The survey was made available digitally using Google forms and collected 23,760 CHAS responses. There were 23,290 valid responses (98%). After the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria of yogic practices, the respondents were categorized into the Yoga (n = 9,840) and Non-Yoga (n = 3,377) groups, who actively practiced Yoga during the lockdown in India. The statistical analyses were performed running logistic and multinomial regression and calculating odds ratio estimation using R software version 4.0. 0. The non-Yoga group was more likely to use substances and unhealthy food and less likely to have good quality sleep. Yoga practitioners reported good physical ability and endurance. Yoga group also showed less anxiety, stress, fear, and having better coping strategies than the non-Yoga group. The Yoga group displayed striking and superior ability to cope with stress and anxiety associated with lockdown and COVID-19. In the Yoga group, participants performing meditation reportedly had relatively better mental health. Yoga may lead to risk reduction of COVID-19 by decreasing stress and improving immunity if specific yoga protocols are implemented through a global public health initiative.
Impact of Left Atrial Appendage Morphology on Recurrence in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source and Atrial Cardiopathy

Background: The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a major source of thrombus and non-chicken wing (CW). LAA morphology is a risk factor for embolic events in atrial fibrillation. However, the association of non-CW morphology with embolic stroke recurrence is unknown in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and atrial cardiopathy. Methods: We conducted retrospective analyses using a prospective institutional stroke registry (2013–2017). Patients with ESUS and atrial cardiopathy were enrolled. Atrial cardiopathy was diagnosed if an increased left atrial diameter (>40 mm, men; >38 mm, women), supraventricular tachycardia, or LAA filling defect on computed tomography (CT) were present. Patients admitted >24 h after onset were excluded. LAA morphology was evaluated using CT and categorized into CW vs. non-CW types. The primary outcome was embolic stroke recurrence. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the independent association between LAA morphology and outcome. Results: Of 157 patients, 81 (51.6%) had CW LAA morphology. The median follow-up was 41.5 (interquartile range 12.3–58.5) months corresponding to 509.8 patient years. In total, 18 participants experienced embolic stroke recurrences (3.80 per 100 patient-years). Non-CW morphology was more associated with embolic stroke recurrence than CW morphology (hazard ratio (HR), 3.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–8.91; p = 0.029). After adjusting for CHA2DS2-VASc score and number of potential embolic sources, non-CW morphology showed an independent association with outcome (adjusted HR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.02–8.23; p = 0.045). Conclusions: The LAA morphology types may help identify high risk of embolic stroke recurrence in ESUS with atrial cardiopathy. LAA morphology in atrial cardiopathy may provide clues for developing therapies tailored to specific mechanisms.
Why Should Nodule Cysteine-Rich (NCR) Peptides Be Absent From Nodules of Some Groups of Legumes but Essential for Symbiotic N-Fixation in Others?

In nitrogen-fixing nodules of legumes such as pea (Pisum) and Medicago spp. the plant induces terminal differentiation in the rhizobial endosymbionts by targeting nodule-specific cysteine-rich defensin-like peptides into the bacteria. However, in nodules of other legumes such as soybean and Lotus spp. terminal bacterial differentiation does not occur; these legumes lack genes encoding equivalent peptides controlling rhizobial development. Here, we review the effects of some of these peptides on rhizobia and address the question as to how and why such peptides may have evolved to enslave rhizobia and become essential for nitrogen fixation in some clades of legumes but not in others.
How Do Video Games Elicit Guilt in Players? Linking Character Morality to Guilt Through a Mediation Analysis

Research has consistently found that committing immoral actions in video games is capable of eliciting feelings of guilt in players. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of theoretically-relevant psychological mechanisms: Perceived morality of the player-controlled character and self-attribution of virtual behavior. Based in psychological and communication theory, we derived a model that links these variables to character portrayal and guilt. A between-subjects experiment manipulated the portrayal of the player-controlled character (immoral vs. moral) and measured the mediating variables and self-reported guilt. The hypothesized model was tested using a path model. Data were generally consistent with hypotheses. Controlling an immoral character reduced perceived character morality. Perceived character morality positively predicted self-attribution of character behavior and negatively predicted guilt. Self-attribution positively predicted guilt but self-attribution and perceived character morality did not interact. Our findings suggest novel directions for continued research into how game features elicit emotional responses in players.
Long Non-coding RNA SNHG12, a New Therapeutic Target, Regulates miR-199a-5p/Klotho to Promote the Growth and Metastasis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Cells

Background: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12) is a newly identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) whose involvements have been explored in several cancers. Our study aimed to explore the functions of SNHG12 on intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) progression and its interaction with miR-199a-5p and Klotho. Methods: RT-PCR was performed to examine the expressions of SNHG12, miR-199a-5p and Klotho in ICC cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assays and transwell assays were applied to analyze the proliferation, migration and invasion of ICC cells. Luciferase assays, RIP assays and RNA pull-down assays were carried out to demonstrate the direct binding relationships among SNHG12, miR-199a-5p and Klotho. The xenograft nude models were applied to test the effects of SNHG12 on ICC tumor growth. Results: The expression of SNHG12 and Klotho was distinctly increased in ICC cells, while miR-199a-5p expressions were decreased. Functionally, the silence of SNHG12 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of ICC cells, while miR-199a-5p overexpression exhibited an opposite result. Mechanistically, Knockdown of SNHG12 significantly suppressed the expressions of miR-199a-5p by sponging it, and then increased Klotho expression. The final in vivo experiments suggested that the silence of SNHG12 distinctly inhibited tumor growth. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that SNHG12 inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis process of ICC cells through modulating the miR-199a-5p/Klotho axis and it is expected to become a potential therapeutic target for ICC.
Heat Generation by Electrical Current in a Quantum Dot Hybridized to Majorana Nanowires

Heat current generated by electronic transport through a quantum dot (QD) coupled to both a phonon bath and a Majorana nanowire hosting Majorana bound states (MBSs) is theoretically studied in the framework of non-equilibrium Green’s function technique. The calculated numerical results show that electrical current can be either enhanced or suppressed by the combined influences of the phonon bath and the MBSs at certain bias voltage regimes. The enhancement and suppression of the current’s magnitude for a fixed bias voltage will be reversed due to the direct hybridization between the MBSs. The simultaneous coupling between both MBSs will amplify the function of the MBSs on the current, with the same unchanged and essential qualitative impacts. Heat generation by the electrical current can be fully adjusted by the dot–MBS coupling, direct hybridization between the MBSs, and positions of the dot level. By properly choosing the above parameters, heat generation can be suppressed even for increased electrical current, which is favorable in removing waste heat generated by electrical current flowing through low-dimensional circuits.
Identification of floR Variants Associated With a Novel Tn4371-Like Integrative and Conjugative Element in Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates

Florfenicol is widely used to control respiratory diseases and intestinal infections in food animals. However, there are increasing reports about florfenicol resistance of various clinical pathogens. floR is a key resistance gene that mediates resistance to florfenicol and could spread among different bacteria. Here, we investigated the prevalence of floR in 430 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from human clinical samples and identified three types of floR genes (designated floR, floR-T1 and floR-T2) in these isolates, with floR-T1 the most prevalent (5.3%, 23/430). FloR-T2 was a novel floR variant identified in this study, and exhibited less identity with other FloR proteins than FloRv. Moreover, floR-T1 and floR-T2 identified in P. aeruginosa strain TL1285 were functionally active and located on multi-drug resistance region of a novel incomplete Tn4371-like integrative and conjugative elements (ICE) in the chromosome. The expression of the two floR variants could be induced by florfenicol or chloramphenicol. These results indicated that the two floR variants played an essential role in the host’s resistance to amphenicol and the spreading of these floR variants might be related with the Tn4371 family ICE.
Comparison of Cumulative Live Birth Rates Between GnRH-A and PPOS in Low-Prognosis Patients According to POSEIDON Criteria: A Cohort Study

Objective To compare the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist regimen and a progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) regimen in low-prognosis patients according to POSEIDON criteria. Design Single-center, retrospective, observational study. Setting Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China Patients Women aged ≤40 years, with a body mass index <25 kg/m2, who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm microinjection (ICSI) and met POSEIDON low-prognosis criteria. Intervention GnRH or PPOS regimen with IVF or ICSI. Main Outcome Measure CLBR per oocyte retrieval cycle. Results Per oocyte retrieval cycle, CLBR was significantly higher with GnRH antagonist versus PPOS (35.3% vs 25.2%; P<0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, CLBR per oocyte retrieval cycle was significantly lower with PPOS versus GnRH antagonist before (OR 0.62 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.46, 0.82; P=0.009]) and after (OR 0.66 [95% CI: 0.47, 0.93; P=0.0172]) adjustment for age, body mass index, infertility type, infertility duration, baseline follicle stimulating hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and insemination method. CLBR was numerically higher with the GnRH antagonist regimen than with PPOS, across all of the POSEIDON groups, and was significantly higher in patients aged ≥35 years with poor ovarian reserve [AFC <5, AMH <1.2 ng/mL] (unadjusted, P=0.0108; adjusted, P=0.0243). Conclusion In this single-center, retrospective, cohort study, patients had a higher CLBR with a GnRH antagonist versus PPOS regimen, regardless of other attributes.
The Impact of Gender, Nativeness, and Subject Matter on the English as a Second Language University Students’ Perception of Instructor Credibility and Engagement: A Qualitative Study

In instructional contexts, instructor credibility or ethos is deemed to play a paramount role in teacher–student interaction and relationships. Much effort has been devoted to instructor credibility conceptualization, measurement, and its association with other instructional variables of interest in dominantly quantitative inquiries. However, little research has been undertaken in second-language education in which communication is both a means and an end. This qualitative research set out to explore the perception of the students of instructor credibility in the context of higher English education and how gender, nativeness, and subject matter might impact their perceptions. It also aimed to study how instructor credibility could, in turn, influence the engagement and success of the students. Thirteen senior students of English as a foreign language from a university in Iran participated in this study. They were given a scenario about their prospective professors for two courses of “Research Methodology” and “Essay Writing. ” The professors included four native English- and Persian-speaking male and female PhD holders. The participants were, then, interviewed about their perceptions of instructor credibility, their choices of instructors, and how they would affect their engagement. The data were recorded, transcribed, and recursively analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis. While instructor credibility is commonly characterized as a three-dimensional construct, involving competence, character, and caring, the data analysis generated a new component of performance concerned with the effectiveness of classroom knowledge presentation and activity organization. Caring also emerged as a constituent of a more inclusive component of rapport. Interestingly, albeit they viewed native English professors as generally more competent due to their nativeness, they perceived non-native professors as more credible for both courses, mainly because of their rapport building and familiarity with the needs and challenges of the students. Most of the participants also viewed male professors as more competent and communicative for both courses. The participants also tended to argue that perceived instructor credibility would encourage them to put in more effort in their academic undertakings and to engage in class activities. This would ultimately enhance their academic achievements and success. The paper discusses the findings and implications for second-language instructor credibility conceptualization and practice.
Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Risks of Diabetic Complications and Poor Glycemic Control in Nonadherent Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of machine learning algorithms in predicting risks of complications and poor glycemic control in nonadherent type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods: This study was a real-world study of the complications and blood glucose prognosis of nonadherent T2D patients. Data of inpatients in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015 were collected. The T2D patients who had neither been monitored for glycosylated hemoglobin A nor had changed their hyperglycemia treatment regimens within the last 12 months were the object of this study. Seven types of machine learning algorithms were used to develop 18 prediction models. The predictive performance was mainly assessed using the area under the curve of the testing set. Results: Of 800 T2D patients, 165 (20.6%) met the inclusion criteria, of which 129 (78.2%) had poor glycemic control (defined as glycosylated hemoglobin A ≥7%). The highest area under the curves of the testing set for diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic angiopathy, diabetic eye disease, and glycosylated hemoglobin A were 0.902 ± 0.040, 0.859 ± 0.050, 0.889 ± 0.059, 0.832 ± 0.086, and 0.825 ± 0.092, respectively. Conclusion: Both univariate analysis and machine learning methods reached the same conclusion. The duration of T2D and the duration of unadjusted hypoglycemic treatment were the key risk factors of diabetic complications, and the number of hypoglycemic drugs was the key risk factor of glycemic control of nonadherent T2D. This was the first study to use machine learning algorithms to explore the potential adverse outcomes of nonadherent T2D. The performances of the final prediction models we developed were acceptable; our prediction performances outperformed most other previous studies in most evaluation measures. Those models have potential clinical applicability in improving T2D care.
Comparing Screening Abilities of the 33-Item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-33) and the 33-Item Hypomania Checklist External Assessment (HCL-33-EA) for the Detection of Bipolar Disorder

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder that is often misdiagnosed and under-diagnosed in clinical settings. The 33-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-33) is a newly developed self-administered scale for BD detection, while the 33-item Hypomania Checklist-external assessment (HCL-33-EA) is a version of the HCL-33 for external rating used by patient's carer (e.g., family member or friend). We aimed to compare the screening abilities between the HCL-33 and the HCL-33-EA, and evaluate the screening consistency between the two scales. Methods: The data were collected from 269 patients with diagnosed BD (n = 84) or major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 185). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the curve (AUC) between the HCL-33 and the HCL-33-EA for BD were compared against clinician diagnosis as the gold standard. Results: Using Youden's index, the optimal cut-off value of the HCL-33 is 20, while the corresponding figure for HCL-33-EA is 11. Using Youden's index, the HCL-33-EA showed a better performance than the HCL-33 (0.51 vs.0.41). The HCL-33-EA was more sensitive in correctly identifying BD patients from MDD patients than the HCL-33 (0.83 vs. 0.59), while the HCL-33 presented better specificity than the HCL-33-EA (0.82 vs. 0.68). There was significant screening consistency between the two scales (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Both scales have acceptable psychometric properties in detection BD from MDD. Use of the two scales should be considered based on the assessment purpose in clinical research or daily practice (i.e., prefer sensitivity or specificity). Noticeably, the current sample size is insufficient and future studies are recommended to further evaluate the scales.
Altered Posterior Cerebellar Lobule Connectivity With Perigenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Women With Primary Dysmenorrhea

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential connectivity mechanism between the cerebellum and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the cerebellar structure in primary dysmenorrhea (PDM). Methods: We applied the spatially unbiased infratentorial template (SUIT) of the cerebellum to obtain anatomical details of cerebellar lobules, upon which the functional connectivity (FC) between the cerebellar lobules and ACC subregions was analyzed and the gray matter (GM) volume of cerebellar lobules was measured by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in 35 PDM females and 38 age-matched healthy females. The potential relationship between the altered FC or GM volume and clinical information was also evaluated in PDM females. Results: PDM females showed higher connectivity between the left perigenual ACC (pACC) and lobule vermis_VI, between the left pACC and left lobule IX, and between right pACC and right cerebellar lobule VIIb than did the healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, no altered GM volume was found in PDM females. No significant correlation was found between altered cerebellum–ACC FC and the clinical variables in the PDM females. Conclusion: PDM females have abnormal posterior cerebellar connectivity with pACC but no abnormal structural changes. ACC–cerebellar circuit disturbances might be involved in the PDM females.
Higher Serum Cholesterol Levels Are Associated With Reduced Systemic Inflammation and Mortality During Tuberculosis Treatment Independent of Body Mass Index

Background: Lipids play a central role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB). The effect of serum lipid levels on TB treatment (ATT) outcomes and their association with serum inflammatory markers have not yet been characterized. Methods: Our retrospective cohort study on drug-susceptible TB patients, at the National Taiwan University Hospital, assessed the association of baseline serum lipid levels such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) with all-cause and infection-related mortality during first 9 months of ATT and baseline inflammatory markers namely C-reactive protein (CRP), total leukocyte count (WBC), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NL ratio). Results: Among 514 patients, 129 (26.6%) died due to any-cause and 72 (14.0%) died of infection. Multivariable Cox-regression showed a lower adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of all-cause mortality in the 3rd tertiles of HDL (aHR 0.17, 95% CI 0.07–0.44) and TC (aHR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14-0.65), and lower infection-related mortality in the 3rd tertile of HDL (aHR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14–0.65) and TC (aHR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14–0.65) compared to the 1st tertile. The 3rd tertiles of LDL and TG showed no association in multivariable analysis. Similarly, 3rd tertiles of HDL and TC had lower levels of baseline inflammatory markers such as CRP, WBC, and NL ratio using linear regression analysis. Body mass index (BMI) did not show evidence of confounding or effect modification. Conclusions: Higher baseline serum cholesterol levels were associated with lower hazards of all-cause and infection-related mortality and lower levels of inflammatory markers in TB patients. BMI did not modify or confound this association.
Integrated Analysis of microRNA and mRNA Transcriptome Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Solanum lycopersicum Response to Bemisia tabaci and Tomato chlorosis virus

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), is one of the most devastating cultivated tomato viruses, seriously threatened the growth of crops worldwide. As the vector of ToCV, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (MED) is mainly responsible for the rapid spread of ToCV. The current understanding of tomato plant responses to this virus and B. tabaci is very limited. To understand the molecular mechanism of the interaction between tomato, ToCV and B. tabaci, we adopted a next-generation sequencing approach to decipher miRNAs and mRNAs that are differentially expressed under the infection of B. tabaci and ToCV in tomato plants. Our data revealed that 6199 mRNAs were significantly regulated, and the differentially expressed genes were most significantly associated with the plant-pathogen interaction, the MAPK signaling pathway, the glyoxylate, and the carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms and photosynthesis related proteins. Concomitantly, 242 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected, including novel putative miRNAs. Sly-miR159, sly-miR9471b-3p, and sly-miR162 were the most expressed miRNAs in each sample compare to control group. Moreover, we compared the similarities and differences of gene expression in tomato plant caused by infection or co-infection of B. tabaci and ToCV. Taken together, the analysis reported in this article lays a solid foundation for further research on the interaction between tomato, ToCV and B. tabaci, and provide evidence for the identification of potential key genes that influences virus transmission in tomato plants.