Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF EFL IRAQI LEARNERS BETWEEN FEAR OF NEGATIVE EVALUATION AND EXTROVERSION VERSUS INTROVERSION: A CASE STUDY OF KARBALA UNIVERSITY

This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between both the fear of negative evaluation and extroversion versus introversion of two individual differences among EFL Iraqi learners, both in the educational setting and out of the classroom in Iraq, Karbala, in the broader social setting. The participants of the current study are 306 Iraqi EFL female and male leaners who were selected randomly. The learners‘ age ranged from 18 to over 27 years old. The appropriate data was obtained by adding two standard questionnaires to the original versions: (a) A scale for fear of negative evaluation (FNE) developed by Leary (1983). Its internal consistency was good for the positive scored factor (α=0.87) and for the full BFNE scale (α=0.84) and acceptable for the reverse scored factor (α=0.47). BFNE is a valid and reliable measurement instrument for measuring fear of negative evaluation in students. (b) The extroversion scale (E-scale) of Eysenck Personality Inventory (1968). The reliability of this questionnaire was also estimated by the researcher using split-half method. The reliability of English version of this questionnaire was also estimated by Rashidi, Yamini, and Shafiei (2011) using split-half method in Iran. The obtained reliability index was 75. In order to evaluate the origins and levels of fear of negative evaluation and the association between FNE and E/I among EFL learners, the Pearson correlation was computed. The results obtained through applying Pearson Product Moment correlation and T-test reveals the strong association between fear of negative appraisal and EFL extrovert learners was positive. It was also found that, with regard to their fear of negative evaluation, there was a statistically considerable gap between males and females in favor of females and that there was no statistically meaningful difference between fear of negative evaluation and EFL Iraqi introvert learners.
The impact of COVID-19 vaccination for healthcare workers on the SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in a tertiary hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) get priority access to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination since they are at high risk of infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In Indonesia, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was utilized to generate an antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers. However, data on the kinetics of antibodies generated by this vaccination remains inconsistent. This study aimed to assess quantitative antibody titers on the 28th and 90th days after the second dose of COVID-19 immunization. Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 189 HCWs. The samples were analyzed by Roche® Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology test for quantitative SARS-CoV-2 total antibody. Data were analyzed using STATA version 17 for Windows. Results: Most of the subjects (75.1%) were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3. Most subjects are medic (68.8%), do not have comorbid (75.8%), have not been infected with Covid-19 (73.5%), and not a close contact (55%). Previous COVID-19 infection affects antibody titers significantly (p<0.0001). Moreover, quantitative antibody titers differ significantly between 28-and 90-days following the second dose of Sinovac vaccination (p<0.0001). However, age, gender, profession, comorbidity, and history of close contact did not significantly associate with antibody titers (p=0.150, p=0.105, p=0.367, p=0.063, and p=0.696, respectively). Conclusions: Our study shows that antibody titers on 90-days following the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination are significantly lower than after 28 days. Moreover, antibody titers on survivors are higher than on those who have not been infected. Further multi-institutional study with a larger sample and longer follow-up is necessary to clarify and confirm our findings. © 2023, Sanglah General Hospital. All rights reserved.
Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues

The crux of this research is to critically evaluate the potential mutual fund performance drivers. This research will benefit the stakeholders in terms of smart investment decisions. The study is based on convenient sampling method covering 16 out of 19 asset management companies (AMCs) that comprise 114 outstanding funds in the Mutual Fund Association of Pakistan (MUFAP). The data were collected quarterly from March 2013 to March 2018. The findings reveal that the asset under management, fund risk, KSE-100 returns, total income, total expense, age of the fund and lagged returns have a significant positive impact. Management quality rating has an insignificant positive impact on returns. In contrast, risk-free instruments have a significant negative impact on fund returns (FRs). A multiple regression model was used to extract results, and the results further suggested that the roles of fund risk and market return have a significant impact on FRs. Furthermore, we could not avail data for more than 5 years due to unavailability on independent platforms like MUFAP and the official websites of the respective AMCs, which is the central gap of this research. Moreover, it is highly suggested to use different statistical tools to make more meaningful results in future research.
Quig-Invited review: Total solids concentration in milk or milk replacer for dairy calves

Restricting milk or milk replacer (MR) fed to dairy calves to 10% of body weight at 12.5% total solids (TS) concentration is a common feeding strategy that promotes early weaning and lowers total feed costs for raising young calves. However, this strategy has been associated with inferior performance and compromised welfare. Because a restricted liquid nutrition plan limits calf growth due to limited supply of nutrients, research on increased supply of nutrients from liquid has shown improved growth, health, and welfare of calves. Nutrient supply may be increased by feeding larger amounts of milk or MR averaging 12.5% TS, or by increasing TS above the usual 12.5% TS by increasing MR TS concentration alone (TS+), or by increasing TS concentration and volume simultaneously (TSV+). The objective of this review is to discuss liquid nutrition plans with greater TS concentration in MR or in milk diets, considering the effects of such strategies on performance and digestive tract development before weaning and the future performance of dairy calves. This review will focus on liquid nutrition plans that are based on increased TS concentration (i.e., TS+ or TSV+); therefore, enhanced liquid nutrition plans based only on increased volumes will not be the discussed. Improved growth rates have been observed in calves fed TSV+ programs. However, reduced starter intake preweaning can also have negative effects on dry matter intake, average daily gain, and digestibility postweaning. Feeding a TS+ program may reduce impairment of starter intake and therefore have positive effects on performance, nutrient digestibility, and health. When considering an accelerated nutrition plan with TS+ or TSV+, it is important to consider osmolality of the liquid diet. Further studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis and the cost-benefit of alternative liquid nutrition plans, as well as the optimal TS concentration of milk or MR fed to dairy calves.
Expected Utility Maximization as a Framework for Predicting Vaccine Hesitancy

: A model was developed to predict whether an agent would get vaccinated, incorporating the trade-off between risking death by a disease (COVID-19) and risking severe side effects from the vaccine protecting against the disease. A new utility function was used to circumvent the need for a monetary-based analysis, thereby removing relative healthcare costs as a variable, and so universalizing the model. The model’s results majorly aligned with the vaccination risks imposed on specific cohorts (such as young males and myocarditis). The base model excluded coercion, but an extension included it to find that very little coercion is needed to force the agent to get vaccinated.
Synchronous and velocity‐partitioned thrusting and thrust polarity reversal in experimentally produced, doubly‐vergent thrust wedges: Implications for natural orogens

A sandbox analog modeling research program was used to study the detailed evolution of doubly‐vergent thrust wedges. High‐resolution multilayers of thin alternating sand and mica layers were used in contractional Coulomb wedge experiments to simulate deformation of anisotropic, brittle upper crustal strata in doubly‐vergent orogens. Experiments incorporating syntectonic sedimentation in foreland basins and in piggyback basins were also carried out. Our laboratory models evolved in two main stages: (1) initial high‐velocity thrusting in the retrowedge and high‐frequency together with low displacement folding and thrusting in the prowedge; and (2) low‐frequency, high‐displacement synchronous thrusting in the prowedge and low‐velocity thrusting in the retrowedge. Transition from stage I to stage II occurred when the growing wedges reached the critical height at which they behaved as a backstop for further prowedge accretion. Addition of syntectonic sediments increased the persistence of stage I and triggered out‐of‐sequence thrusting in the axial zone of the experimental orogens. Thrust motion was stick‐slip. Retrovergent thrusting occurred along a long‐lived ramp whose lower tip was located at the subduction slot. Provergent kink bands nucleated at the subduction slot in stage I. In contrast, during the second stage of wedge evolution, kink bands nucleated in a piggyback fashion in the foreland far from the subduction slot and then evolved into high‐displacement faults that remained active up until the end of the experiments, at progressively decreasing rates of thrusting. The axial zones of the model wedges were characterized by fast uplift rates during stage I due to backward translation of the belt along the retrovergent, long‐lived ramp and due to the localization of deformation close to the subduction slot. Outward migration of the deformation front in the prowedge region during stage II caused the progressive decrease in the rate of the wedge uplift, until it eventually stopped. Analytical models to quantify the Coulomb behavior in the wedges validated the reversal of thrust polarity with increasing shortening, triggered by the buildup of the topographic load during deformation. This thrust polarity reversal highlights problems with the classic concept of back thrusting as a reflection of a significant change in the deformation regime. Our results compare well with the kinematic evolution of natural accretionary prisms and of thrust‐and‐fold belts such as the Lesser Antilles Arc System, the Mediterranean Ridge, and the Pyrenees.
Are We Safe? An Investigation of Eve-teasing (Public Sexual Are We Safe? An Investigation of Eve-teasing (Public Sexual Harassment) in India Harassment) in India

In recent years, many countries have tightened the rules against harassment in the workplace and violence in the home. On the other hand, incidences of sexual harassment against women in public places have not been paid sufficient attention. Developing countries like India have recorded an increase in sexual harassment cases in public places due to the increase in participation of women in activities outside the home such as education and employment. In India, the term “Eve-teasing” is a euphemism for sexual harassment in public places. Eve-teasing is identified as a significant problem in the patriarchal society of India that carries dreadful implications for women. Daily encounters with sexual harassment leads to a decline in their career, socio-economic, and political opportunities. In recent years, these misdeeds have been spread to every corner of our society and have become a national problem. Eve-teasing is not considered atrocious, so strong laws have not been enacted to counteract it. This study has been conducted to identify the socio-psychological repercussions of Eve-teasing on young women cadets of the National Cadet Corps (NCC) aged between 19 and 24 years. Moreover, the significance of NCC in empowering the women cadets in dealing with daily harassment is also the focus of the investigation. Particularly, a structural feminist approach is adopted to offer a critical framework to examine the patriarchal socialization of men and women as the most common cause of Eve-teasing. A total of 262 women participated in this study. The data were collected at the national camp of NCC held in New Delhi through a semi-structured questionnaire and focus group discussions from January 18-29 of 2020. Out of the total respondents, 83.20% were exposed to Eve-teasing in their lives, while 15.26% of them did not disclose public harassment. The study concludes by highlighting the negative implications of Eve-teasing on the life of young women. The respondents were the cadets of the National Cadet Corps (NCC) which helped them to shape self-confidence to fight against such sexual harassment acts; therefore, it is suggested to the governments (state and central) to emphasize the involvement of the agencies having similar goals as NCC in empowering young women and girls.
Comparison of Direct and Indirect Boundary Shear Stress Measurements along Vegetated Streambanks

Estimates of boundary shear stress along vegetated streambanks are needed to predict streambank fluvial erosion. Because fluvial shear stress cannot be directly measured in the field, reliable estimation techniques using field instrumentation are needed. This study evaluated local bank shear stress estimation methods applicable to sloping, vegetated streambanks. Two reaches of a second order stream were modelled in a flume using a fixed‐bed Froude‐scale modelling technique. One reach was dominated by dense shrubs while the other reach was located in a mature forest. Direct measurements of local bank shear stress using a hot‐film anemometer were compared to estimates based on velocity measurements (logarithmic method, Reynolds stresses, and turbulent kinetic energy). For channels with no or widely spaced vegetation, the velocity‐based estimates underestimated the bank shear stress due to secondary flow contributions. For banks with dense vegetation, Reynolds stresses and turbulent kinetic energy estimates were statistically similar to direct measurements on average, but substantial error occurred when making point comparisons. Velocity‐based estimates generally over predicted bank stress in areas of high shear at the vegetation edge and underpredicted stress within dense vegetation. Ultimately, results suggest that none of tested techniques can be broadly applied to streambanks, and flow structure is critical in selecting the appropriate estimation technique. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PHYSICAL SCHOOL SURROUNDINGS AND TEACHERS’ JOB GRATIFICATION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DELTA STATE

: The study is a correlational survey adopting the ex-post-facto design. The population of the study was 452 public secondary school principals in Delta State. A sample of 226 respondents were sampled using stratified sampling technique. The sample represents 50% of the entire population. Instrument titled “Physical School Surroundings and Teachers’ Job Gratification Questionnaire (PSSTJQ)” which was self-developed was used obtain information from the respondents. The instrument was validated through face and content validity, subsequently the instrument was exposed to split half reliability test using 30 principals who were not used from the main study. The scores were correlated using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistics and a coefficient of 0.79, was obtained. Data gathered were converted into mean scores and standard deviation for the purpose of answering the research questions while Pearson r was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings show that physical school, classroom and working surroundings were significantly related to teachers’ job gratification in public secondary schools in Delta State. It was therefore recommended among others that government of Delta State through ministry of education should make physical school surroundings beautiful and welcoming such that teachers will wish to be in school daily.
Historical Channel Narrowing and Riparian Vegetation Expansion in the Medicine Lodge River Basin, Kansas, 1871–1983

Abstract Remeasurement of selected section line channel crossings from the 1871 first federal land survey of the Medicine Lodge River system in south-central Kansas revealed that channels have narrowed and riparian vegetation density has increased since white European settlement of the area in the early 1870s. Analysis of channel width data, daily precipitation data, aerial photography, tree cores extracted from riparian tree species and of testimony from long-term residents led to the development of a model suggesting that a series of wet years in the 1940s initiated the narrowing and allowed vegetation to stabilize mid-channel and bankside deposits. Precipitation during the 1940s was less seasonal than that during the 1930s, resulting in less variable stream discharge and lower peak discharges during the 1940s. Under this state of altered stream discharge, vegetation was able to become established on mid-channel and point bar deposits. Land use patterns, because they have not changed significantly in th.
Effect of Akaushi (Wagyu), Angus and Brahman as paternal breeds on pre-weaning growth traits of calves

Objective. To evaluate pre-weaning growth traits of Angus-, Brahman-and Akaushi-sired calves. Materials and methods. One-hundred seventy one calves were produced by artificial insemination in nine herds in the state of Puebla (subtropical environment; n=83) and four herds in the state of Veracruz (tropical environment; n=88), Mexico. Eleven Angus, 15 Brahman, and 5 Akaushi bulls, sired the calves. Average age at weaning was 219 days. The analyses were carried out with the MIXED procedure of SAS. The model included the effects of breed of sire, sex of calf, birth season, state of the country, and herd nested within state. In addition, the model for actual weaning weight included the linear effect of calf age at weaning. Results. Brahman-sired calves were heavier at birth (p<0.05) than Angus-and Akaushi-sired calves; however, Angus-, Brahman-and Akaushi-sired calves had similar average daily gains from birth to weaning (p>0.05). Angus-and Akaushi-sired calves had similar actual weaning weights (p>0.05), but Brahman-sired calves were heavier at weaning (p<0.05) than Akaushi-sired calves. Sex of calf and season of birth were not significant sources of variation (p>0.05) for any trait. Calves reared in subtropical conditions were heavier at weaning (p<0.05) than those reared in tropical conditions. Conclusions. In general, Brahman-sired calves had a better pre-weaning performance than Angus-and Akaushi-sired calves.
INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP STRATEGIES ON SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IMPLEMENTATION IN KENYA: A CASE OF KILIFI COUNTY

: Community development plays an important factor in the realization of poverty eradication at the grass root level. The inability of the government and non-state actors to fully immerse themselves in improving the living standards of the bottom of the pyramid citizens has prompted a new way of tackling underdevelopment through social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship has the ability of attracting various stakeholders to venture into projects implementation in the community, leading to community development and the whole country at large. The necessitation of the social entrepreneurs for economic development informed such studies. Therefore the study was carried out with the aim of examining the influence of social entrepreneurship strategies on sustainable community development projects implementation in Kenya; a case of Kilifi County. The study was guided by four objectives on the basis of which four hypotheses were formulated and tested at the 95% level of significance. The hypothesis were that continuous innovation, continuous training, community involvement, and financial management influence sustainable community development projects implementation in Kenya; a case of Kilifi County. The results indicated that: majority of the respondents (93%) supported the view continuous innovation strategic practice of social entrepreneurship influences the implementation of community development projects; majority of the respondents (86%) supported the idea that employee training strategic practice of social enterprise has a significant influence on the performance of community development projects; majority of the respondents (95%) had a strong opinion that community involvement determines the extent to which community development projects are implemented; and majority of the respondents supported the idea that financial management influences the performance of community development projects implementation. The adjusted R2 (also called the coefficient of multiple determinations) calculated generally communicates that 59.87% change in the implementation of community development projects could be attributed to the combined effect of the predictor variables. Also, probability value of 0.015 indicated that the regression relationship was highly significant in predicting how continuous innovation, employee training, community involvement, and financial management influenced the implementation of community development projects in the county. The researcher suggested that, a research should be carried out to examine the influence of social entrepreneurship projects implementation on economic development in marginalized Kenya.
Self-Care Nursing Educational Intervention for Post Renal Transplant Recipients among Adolescents

: Self-care is a concept frequently referred to in both the theory and the clinical practice of nursing. Renal transplantation represented an alternative to dialysis for many patients with end stage renal disease. An important function of the nurse is to prepare the patient for a lifetime of self-care management and monitoring care. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of self-care nursing educational intervention for Post Renal Transplant Recipients among Adolescents. Subject and Method: Design: A quasi experimental design (Study/ Control) was used. Setting: This study was carried out in Mansoura Urology and Nephrology center. Sample: convenience sample of forty renal transplant recipients were enrolled in this study (Study/Control). Tools for data collections were 1) an interviewing questionnaire for assessing socio-demographic characteristics, health history and patient’s knowledge,2). Post renal transplant recipients Observational checklist for self-care for practical skills for measuring:- vital signs, recording fluid balance, assessing edema, taking medications and measuring the weight, post renal sign of complications, infection, rejection, and drug side effects, 3) the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale for Post Renal transplant recipients for assessing of self-esteem. The findings revealed that; there was significant significance difference between study and control group regarding mean total knowledge and total self-care (P<0.001). Also, about two third of patients (65%) in the study group had a positive self-esteem compared to 54% in the control group post renal transplant. Conclusion: Self-care nursing educational intervention had an effect on increasing renal transplant recipient's knowledge and self-care practices, decreased the post renal transplant complications and had a positive self-esteem of the study group. Recommendation: encouraging the implementation of self-care nursing educational intervention for all renal transplants to adapt functioning and prolongation of normal life