Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Tacit and Explicit Knowledge Sharing on Teacher Innovation Capability

This research aimed to measure the effect of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing on teacher innovation capability mediated by organizational learning. Data collection was done by simple random sampling via electronic to the teacher population in Indonesia. The returned and valid questionnaire results were 781 samples. Data processing used SEM method with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this research showed that explicit knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on teacher innovation capability, both directly and through organizational learning mediation, while tacit knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on teacher innovation capability through organizational learning mediation. Novelty research was proposing a model for building teacher innovation capability through tacit and explicit knowledge sharing with organizational learning as mediation. This research can pave the way to improve teacher readiness in facing the era of education 4.0.
Robust PCA With Partial Subspace Knowledge

In recent work, robust Principal Components Analysis (PCA) has been posed as a problem of recovering a low-rank matrix L and a sparse matrix S from their sum, M: = L + S and a provably exact convex optimization solution called PCP has been proposed. This work studies the following problem. Suppose that we have partial knowledge about the column space of the low rank matrix L. Can we use this information to improve the PCP solution, i.e., allow recovery under weaker assumptions? We propose here a simple but useful modification of the PCP idea, called modified-PCP, that allows us to use this knowledge. We derive its correctness result which shows that, when the available subspace knowledge is accurate, modified-PCP indeed requires significantly weaker incoherence assumptions than PCP. Extensive simulations are also used to illustrate this. Comparisons with PCP and other existing work are shown for a stylized real application as well. Finally, we explain how this problem naturally occurs in many applications involving time series data, i.e., in what is called the online or recursive robust PCA problem. A corollary for this case is also given.
Distributed information-theoretic clustering

We study a novel multi-terminal source coding setup motivated by the biclustering problem. Two separate encoders observe two i.i. d. sequences $X^n$ and $Y^n$, respectively. The goal is to find rate-limited encodings $f(x^n)$ and $g(z^n)$ that maximize the mutual information $\textrm{I}(\,{f(X^n)};{g(Y^n)})/n$. We discuss connections of this problem with hypothesis testing against independence, pattern recognition and the information bottleneck method. Improving previous cardinality bounds for the inner and outer bounds allows us to thoroughly study the special case of a binary symmetric source and to quantify the gap between the inner and the outer bound in this special case. Furthermore, we investigate a multiple description (MD) extension of the CEO problem with mutual information constraint. Surprisingly, this MD-CEO problem permits a tight single-letter characterization of the achievable region.
Floquet Hamiltonian approach for dynamics in short and intense laser pulses

We present a time-dependent Floquet method for short pulses and arbitrary laser frequencies that uses the cycle-averaged Kramers–Henneberger basis. By means of a particular plane-wave expansion we arrive at a time-dependent Schrödinger equation governed by a Floquet Hamiltonian, which consists of convolutions of momentum and Fourier components. A dedicated numerical treatment of these convolutions, based on Toeplitz matrices and fast Fourier transformations, allows for an efficient time-propagation of large Floquet expansions. Three illustrative cases of ionization with different photon energies are analyzed, where the envelope of a short and intense pulse is crucial to the underlying dynamics.
Putting ChatGPT’s Medical Advice to the (Turing) Test: Survey Study

Background Chatbots are being piloted to draft responses to patient questions, but patients’ ability to distinguish between provider and chatbot responses and patients’ trust in chatbots’ functions are not well established. Objective This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) or a similar artificial intelligence–based chatbot for patient-provider communication. Methods A survey study was conducted in January 2023. Ten representative, nonadministrative patient-provider interactions were extracted from the electronic health record. Patients’ questions were entered into ChatGPT with a request for the chatbot to respond using approximately the same word count as the human provider’s response. In the survey, each patient question was followed by a provider- or ChatGPT-generated response. Participants were informed that 5 responses were provider generated and 5 were chatbot generated. Participants were asked—and incentivized financially—to correctly identify the response source. Participants were also asked about their trust in chatbots’ functions in patient-provider communication, using a Likert scale from 1-5. Results A US-representative sample of 430 study participants aged 18 and older were recruited on Prolific, a crowdsourcing platform for academic studies. In all, 426 participants filled out the full survey. After removing participants who spent less than 3 minutes on the survey, 392 respondents remained. Overall, 53.3% (209/392) of respondents analyzed were women, and the average age was 47.1 (range 18-91) years. The correct classification of responses ranged between 49% (192/392) to 85.7% (336/392) for different questions. On average, chatbot responses were identified correctly in 65.5% (1284/1960) of the cases, and human provider responses were identified correctly in 65.1% (1276/1960) of the cases. On average, responses toward patients’ trust in chatbots’ functions were weakly positive (mean Likert score 3.4 out of 5), with lower trust as the health-related complexity of the task in the questions increased. Conclusions ChatGPT responses to patient questions were weakly distinguishable from provider responses. Laypeople appear to trust the use of chatbots to answer lower-risk health questions. It is important to continue studying patient-chatbot interaction as chatbots move from administrative to more clinical roles in health care.
Corporate Governance Role on Profitability of Commercial Banks in Rwanda: A Case of Selected Commercial Banks in Rwanda Stock Exchange, 2014-2018

Background: Corporate governance is the mechanisms, tactics and relations through which firms are managed and directed. The ineffective and poor corporate governance may be one of the major cause of decline of profitability of some commercial banks. This implied absence of robust corporate governance system among companies which hinder the public trust threatening their financial profitability and survival. This study was interested to find out a significant role of corporate governance on profitability of the commercial banks in Rwanda Stock Exchange (RSE) selected Bank of Kigali and I&M Bank. Method: The study adopted a descriptive and correlation research design to investigate the relationship between corporate governance and profitability of commercial banks in Rwanda. The population of study was two commercial banks listed in Rwanda Stock Exchange namely Bank of Kigali and I&M Bank. The secondary data were collected from the financial annual reports of two selected commercial banks. The data analyzed by using SPSS 23.0. Results: The findings revealed that the level of corporate governance used by selected Bank in Rwanda in RSE was good where the average value of board composition of BK was 7.2 directors while I&M Bank was 8.8 directors; the average value of Board committee of BK was 5.2 while I&M Bank was 5.6 and also the average value of Board meeting of BK was 25.8 while I&M Bank was 33.2. The findings further revealed that the level of profitability of selected Bank in Rwanda stock exchange was good where the average of ROA of selected Bank in RSE for the period 2014- 2018 was 3.077% and the average of ROE of selected Bank in RSE for the period 2014- 2018 was 19.09%. It was further revealed that there is positive and significant moderate association between corporate governance and profitability of selected banks at (r= 0.615 * and p=0.004<0.01). This implies that an increase of corporate governance resulting increase of profitability of selected banks in Rwanda. Findings also revealed that 23.9% changes in return on assets was caused by changes in corporate governance, 53.6% changes in net profit margin was caused by changes in corporate governance and also 31.7% changes on return on equity was caused by changes in corporate governance. Conclusion: The increase in board composition is associated with increase in profitability of selected commercial banks in Rwanda Stock Exchange. The special attention should be taken upon when dealing with the number of board members because too small boards which will be overburdened with the firm's work will lead to underperforming.
Waveform inversion through MBTT formulation

This work deals with automatic determination of background velocity from full waveform data. For this purpose we have designed, in an earlier work, an original approach based on the MBTT (Migration Based Travel Time) reformulation of the waveform acoustic inversion problem. The goal of this paper is to give the present status of the development of this approach. We first describe how, with this approach, we can handle the multishot data which are required to obtain low frequency information on the background velocities. We present then in detail four steps towards the implementation of this approach : separation of propagator/ reflector unknowns via multiscale analysis, separate imaging of impedance and velocity reflectivity, amplitude preserving migration for the proper imaging of deep reflectors, determination of velocities and impedance from their background values and the two corresponding reflectivities. Each step is illustrated on a synthetic test example. Finally we give numerical evidence that, already in the case of a single shot, the MBTT approach yields a dramatic improvement of the objective function, which becomes convex and looses all parasitic local minima, and we describe the calculation of the gradient of the new objective function.
Secondary crossflow instability through global analysis of measured base flows

A combined experimental and numerical approach to the analysis of the secondary stability of realistic swept-wing boundary layers is presented. Global linear stability theory is applied to experimentally measured base flows. These base flows are three-dimensional laminar boundary layers subject to spanwise distortion due to the presence of primary stationary crossflow vortices. A full three-dimensional description of these flows is accessed through the use of tomographic particle image velocimetry (PIV). The stability analysis solves for the secondary high-frequency modes of type I and type II, ultimately responsible for turbulent breakdown. Several pertinent parameters arising from the application of the proposed methodology are investigated, including the mean flow ensemble size and the measurement domain extent. Extensive use is made of the decomposition of the eigensolutions into the terms of the Reynolds–Orr equation, allowing insight into the production and/or destruction of perturbations from various base flow features. Stability results demonstrate satisfactory convergence with respect to the mean flow ensemble size and are independent of the handling of the exterior of the measurement domain. The Reynolds–Orr analysis reveals a close relationship between the type I and type II instability modes with spanwise and wall-normal gradients of the base flow, respectively. The structural role of the in-plane velocity components in the perturbation growth, topology and sensitivity is identified. Using the developed framework, further insight is gained into the linear growth mechanisms and later stages of transition via the primary and secondary crossflow instabilities. Furthermore, the proposed methodology enables the extension and enhancement of the experimental measurement data to the pertinent instability eigenmodes. The present work is the first demonstration of the use of a measured base flow for stability analysis applied to the swept-wing boundary layer, directly avoiding the modelling of the primary vortices receptivity processes.
Logarithmic Hopf Link Invariants for the Unrolled Restricted Quantum Group of sl(2)

Little is known about Vertex Operator Algebras (VOAs) which are neither semi-simple nor rational, and most of the work on such VOAs has been focused around specific examples such as the Singlet VOAW(2, 2r−1). In this thesis, the relationship between subcategories of the module categories of the Singlet VOA and the unrolled restricted quantum group associated to sl(2), U H q (sl(2)) at 2r-th root of unity q = e πi/r with r ≥ 2 is studied. A family of deformable modules X is used to efficiently compute open Hopf Links for U H q (sl(2)) and particular (1, 1)-tangle invariants colored with projective modules of U H q (sl2). These tangle invariants are extensions of the Alexander invariants defined by Murakami. It is also shown that normalized modified traces of open Hopf links for U H q (sl(2))-modules correspond exactly with the asymptotic quantum dimensions for certain W(2, 2r − 1)-modules.
D S ] 1 6 M ay 2 01 7 HYPERBOLIC COMPONENTS OF RATIONAL MAPS : QUANTITATIVE EQUIDISTRIBUTION AND COUNTING by

— Let Λ be a quasi-projective variety and assume that, either Λ is a subvariety of the moduli space Md of degree d rational maps, or Λ parametrizes an algebraic family (fλ)λ∈Λ of degree d rational maps on P . We prove the equidistribution of parameters having p distinct neutral cycles towards the bifurcation current T p bif letting the periods of the cycles go to ∞, with an exponential speed of convergence. Several consequences of this result are: – a precise asymptotic of the number of hyperbolic components of parameters admitting 2d − 2 distinct attracting cycles of exact periods n1, . , n2d−2 as minj nj → ∞ in term of the mass of the bifurcation measure and compute that mass in the case where d = 2. In particular, in Md, the number of such components is ≍ d n1+···+n2d−2 , provided that minj nj is large enough. – in the moduli space Pd of polynomials of degree d, among hyperbolic components such that all (finite) critical points are in the immediate basins of (not necessarily distinct) attracting cycles of respective exact periods n1, . , nd−1, the proportion of those components, counted with multiplicity, having at least two critical points are in the same basin of attraction is exponentially small. – in Md, we prove the equidistribution of the centers of the hyperbolic components admitting 2d− 2 distinct attracting cycles of exact periods n1, . , n2d−2 towards the bifurcation measure μbif with an exponential speed of convergence. – we have equidistribution, up to extraction, of the parameters having p distinct cycles of given multipliers towards the bifurcation current T p bif outside a pluripolar set of multipliers as the minimum of the periods of the cycles goes to ∞. As a by-product, we also get the weak genericity of hyperbolic postcritically finiteness in the moduli space of rational maps. A key step of the proof is a locally uniform version of the quantitative approximation of the Lyapunov exponent of a rational map by the log of the modulus of the multipliers of periodic points.
Consistency and robustness properties of the S-nonnegative garrote estimator

ABSTRACT This paper concerns a robust variable selection method in multiple linear regression: the robust S-nonnegative garrote variable selection method. In this paper the consistency of the method, both in terms of estimation and in terms of variable selection, is established. Moreover, the robustness properties of the method are further investigated by providing a lower bound for the breakdown point, and by deriving the influence function. The provided expressions nicely reveal the impact that the choice of an initial estimator has on the robustness properties of the variable selection method. Illustrative examples of influence functions for the S-nonnegative garrote as well as for the original (non-robust) nonnegative garrote variable selection method are provided.
On curved squeezing and Conley index

We consider reaction-diffusion equations on a family of domains depending on a parameter $\eps> 0$. As $\eps\to 0$, the domains degenerate to a lower dimensional manifold. Using some abstract results introduced in the recent paper \cite{\rfa{CR2}} we show that there is a limit equation as $\eps\to 0$ and obtain various convergence and admissibility results for the corresponding semiflows. As a consequence, we also establish singular Conley index and homology index continuation results. Under an additional dissipativeness assumption, we also prove existence and upper-semicontinuity of global attractors. The results of this paper extend and refine earlier results of \cite{\rfa{CR1}} and \cite{\rfa{PRR}}.
On the Mathematics of Diﬀusion Models

This paper attempts to present the stochastic diﬀerential equations of diﬀusion models in a manner that is accessible to a broad audience. The diﬀusion process is deﬁned over a population density pop( y ) for y ∈ R d . Of particular interest is a population of images. In a diﬀusion model one ﬁrst deﬁnes a diﬀusion process that starts from a sample y ∈ R d and gradually adds noise until only noise remains. The fundamental idea is to sample from the population by a reverse-diﬀusion process mapping pure noise to a population sample. The diﬀusion process is deﬁned independent of any “interpretation” but can be analyzed using the mathematics of variational auto-encoders (the “VAE interpretation”) or the Fokker-Planck equation (the “score matching intgerpretation”). Both analyses yield reverse-diﬀusion methods involving the score function ∇ z p t ( z ) = ( E [ y | t, z ( t )] − z ) /t . The Fokker-Planck analysis yields a family of reverse-diﬀusion SDEs parameterized by any desired reverse-diﬀusion noise level including zero (deterministic reverse-diﬀusion). The VAE analysis yields the reverse-diﬀusion SDE at the same noise level as the diﬀusion SDE. The VAE analysis also yields a useful expression for ln pop( y ) for any given y which does not seem to follow naturally from the Fokker-Planck analysis. Most, but apparently not all, of the mathematics presented here can be found in the literature. Attributions are given at the end of the paper.
The Influence of Cooperative Learning Model Type Think Pair Share in Impriving Self Efficacy of Students Junior High School on Mathematics Subjects

This research was purposed to see the influence of cooperative learning model type think pair share in improving self efficacy of students on mathematics subjects This type of research was a quas experiment with the design of The One Group Pre Test-Post Test Design Participants in this research amounted to 25 students of grade VIIIC junior high school 1 Ajangale event obtained by using simple random sampling technique The data from this research was obtained by using self efficacy scale containing 16 items of question The data obtained from participants’ answer were analyzed by One Way Anova using SPSS 2200 The results of this study reveal that the pretest score was obtained M = 48,08, SD = 8,046, while posttest score was obtained M = 60,76, SD = 5,600 The result of hypothesis testing on self efficacy scale on pretest and posttest obtained F = 41,827 with significance value p = 0,000 (p< 0,05) So, it can be said that cooperative learning model has a positive effect in improving self efficacy students on mathematics subjects.
Regularity of languages generated by non context-free grammars over a singleton terminal alphabet

It is well-known that: (i) every context-free language over a singleton terminal alphabet is regular, and (ii) the class of languages that satisfy the Pumping Lemma is a proper super-class of the context-free languages. We show that any language in this superclass over a singleton terminal alphabet is regular. Our proof is based on a transformational approach and does not rely on Parikh's Theorem. Our result extends previously known results because there are languages that are not context-free, do satisfy the Pumping Lemma, and do not satisfy the hypotheses of Parikh's Theorem.
Recurrent Scene Parsing with Perspective Understanding in the Loop Supplementary Material

In this supplementary material, we first provide additional analysis of the proposed gating module on the Cityscapes dataset [3], comparing quantitatively the performance of models with tied/untied weights, average gating or soft-weighted gating using either the learned attention or depth (ground-truth or estimated from monocular input). Then, we display more examples of SUN-RGBD dataset [4], including the depth prediction and semantic segmentation in the recurrent loops. Finally, we show more qualitative results on Cityscapes and Stanford-2D-3D datasets [1] including results of gating using learned attention map and depth adaptation within the recurrent loops.
Seeded SSL Graphs for Unsupervised Semantic Similarity-based Retrieval

Semantic similarity based retrieval is playing an increasingly important role inmany IR systems such asmodernweb search, questionanswering, similar document retrieval etc. Improvements in retrieval of semantically similar content are very significant to applications like Quora, Stack Overflow, Siri etc. We propose a novel unsupervised model for semantic similarity based content retrieval, where we construct semantic flow graphs for each query, and introduce the concept of "soft seeding" in graph based semi-supervised learning (SSL) to convert this into an unsupervised model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on an equivalent question retrieval problem on the Stack Exchange QA dataset, where our unsupervised approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art unsupervised models, and produces comparable results to the best supervisedmodels. Our research provides amethod to tackle semantic similarity based retrieval without any training data, and allows seamless extension to different domain QA communities, as well as to other semantic equivalence tasks.
Preferential attachment mechanism of complex network growth: "rich-gets-richer" or "fit-gets-richer"?

We analyze growth mechanisms of complex networks and focus on their validation by measurements. To this end we consider the equation ΔK=A(t)(K+K_{0})Δt, where K is the node's degree, ΔK is its increment, A(t) is the aging constant, and K_{0} is the initial attractivity. This equation has been commonly used to validate the preferential attachment mechanism. We show that this equation is undiscriminating and holds for the fitness model [Caldarelli et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 258702 (2002)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.89. 258702] as well. In other words, accepted method of the validation of the microscopic mechanism of network growth does not discriminate between "rich-gets-richer" and "good-gets-richer" scenarios. This means that the growth mechanism of many natural complex networks can be based on the fitness model rather than on the preferential attachment, as it was believed so far. The fitness model yields the long-sought explanation for the initial attractivity K_{0}, an elusive parameter which was left unexplained within the framework of the preferential attachment model. We show that the initial attractivity is determined by the width of the fitness distribution. We also present the network growth model based on recursive search with memory and show that this model contains both the preferential attachment and the fitness models as extreme cases.