Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responses of soil invertebrates to different forest types in the Changbai Mountains of China

ABSTRACT Soil invertebrates can potentially respond to variation of soil and vegetation in a timely manner, yet the relationships between soil invertebrates to the forest ecosystem remain a matter of debate. In order to better understand the responses of soil invertebrates to different forest types in the temperate forest ecosystem, a total of 450 soil invertebrates’ samples were collected from 5 forest types, namely primeval coniferous broad-leaved mixed forests, secondary coniferous broad-leaved mixed forests, secondary broad-leaved forests, secondary Quercus mongolica forests, and secondary shrub forests in spring, summer, and autumn. The results revealed that the distribution patterns of soil invertebrates differed among the forests, and the taxonomic compositions of soil invertebrates slightly varied among the different forest types in the Changbai Mountains, yet high similarities exist in the soil invertebrates’ communities. Seasonal variation in the abundance and richness of soil invertebrates was observed, though no significant differences were detected among the seasons. Hypogastruridae were more suitable for the forest types with relatively higher levels of canopy cover. Furthermore, soil invertebrates responded mostly to soil temperature and moisture (RV = 0.44, p = 0.02), available nutrients (RV = 0.42, p = 0.04), and minerals (RV = 0.39, p = 0.04). Overall, the findings of this study provide evidence that different forest types affect the distribution patterns of soil invertebrates, but the responses of soil invertebrates to forest types differed between their taxa.
PENGARUH KUALITAS SISTEM DAN KUALITAS INFORMASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN PENGGUNA (Survei Pada Karyawan Pengguna Aplikasi Pelayanan Pelanggan Terpusat (AP2T) di PT. PLN (Persero) Area Malang)

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas sistem (X 1 ) dan kualitas informasi (X 2 ) secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap kepuasan pengguna AP2T (Y). Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa kualitas informasi (X2) memiliki pengaruh dominan terhadap kepuasan pengguna AP2T (Y). Berdasarkan penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan kualitas sistem yang baik dan informasi yang dihasilkan akurat, tepat waktu, dan berkualitas, maka akan meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna sistem. Walaupun hasil penelitian ditemukan kualitas sistem dan kualitas informasi dalam kondisi baik, namun tetap harus ada pemeliharaan dan peremajaan baik sistem maupun perangkat komputer yang digunakan. Terutama pada alat-alat yang mengalami kerusakan dan butuh diganti. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya gangguan terhadap respon sistem. Kata Kunci : kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, kepuasan pengguna, sistem informasi Abstract The results showed that the systemquality (X 1 ) and the information quality (X 2 ) have an effect either simultaneously or partially on user satisfaction of AP2T (Y). The results also showed that the quality of information (X 2 ) has a dominant influence on user satisfaction AP2T (Y). Based on this study it can be concluded that the system of good quality and the resulting information is accurate, timely, and quality, it will improve the satisfaction of users of the system. Although the results of the study found the systemquality and the information quality are in good condition, but they still need regular maintenance and rejuvenation of both computer systems and devices used, especially on tools that were damaged and need to be replaced soon. It is intended to minimize disruption to the system response. Keywords : system quality, information quality, user satisfaction, system information
Faktor-faktor Penyebab Kredit Bermasalah di PT. Bank Sulut Cabang UTAMA Manado

Kredit menjadi pilihan masyarakat sebagai jalan keluar untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang terus meningkat. Alasannya karena pendapatan tidak mencukupi, sehingga tren penyaluran kredit cenderung naik khususnya pada lembaga keuangan bank. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan tren kredit bermasalah juga cenderung naik. Penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya dan beberapa literatur, telah dipaparkan faktor-faktor penyebab kredit bermasalah tetapi masih secara umum dan belum spesifik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab kredit bermasalah di PT Bank Sulut Cabang Utama Manado. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis faktor eksploratori. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, diambil 30 responden dari debitor kredit bermasalah bulan Januari sampai Mei 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada 8 faktor penyebab kredit bermasalah di PT Bank Sulut Cabang Utama Manado dan faktor dominannya adalah Pilihan. Perusahaan sebaiknya memperhatikan dan memperbaiki aspek pengelolaan kredit terutama yang berkaitan dengan delapan faktor penyebab kredit bermasalah. Kata kunci: analisis faktor eksploratori penyebab kredit bermasalah
Disordered eating behaviors and experiences of violence among Mexican youth with different sexual orientations: A population-based study

Introduction. In high-income countries, sexual minorities are at a higher risk for disordered eating behaviors. It is not known whether these findings can be extrapolated to Mexico. Objective. Determine whether there are any differences in disordered eating behaviors among Mexican youth according to sexual orientation and analyze the potential role of experiences of violence and discrimination as mediators of these differences. Method. Data from a representative sample of Mexican youth (12 to 29 years old, n = 27,876) were analyzed. Three groups were identified: young people who were not in love (NIL), who were in love with people of the opposite sex (ILOS), or in love with people of the same sex (ILSS). Restrictive behaviors, secret eating, and self-induced vomiting were identified through a scale created for the survey. Results. ILSS men had a higher risk of restrictive thoughts and behaviors (B = .31), secret eating (OR = 2.21), and self-induced vomiting (OR = 3.65) than ILOS youth. Among women, there was only a difference in self-induced vomiting (RM = 2.49). In both sexes, being a young ILSS had an indirect effect on restrictive behaviors through its association with experiences of violence, discrimination at school, and sexual violence. Discussion and conclusion. Mexican sexual minority men are at a higher risk of disordered eating behaviors, whereas sexual minority women are at a higher risk of purging. Part of the differences in restrictive behaviors were explained by the increased risk for experiences of prejudice faced by sexual minority youth.
ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI JAGUNG

The experiment was conducted using the case study method. Aims to analyze how much influence the use of factors of production, namely land area (X1), seeds (X2), fertilizer (X3), the production of maize (Y). Value of coefficient of determination (R2) in this study was 0.99, meaning that the influence of the factors of production to production can be explained by the four independent variables (X) of 99%, the rest is explained by other factors outside of the study. F value - count 19.45> F-table at 2.78 level of 95% thus H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. Simultaneously means there is a real influence among broad land, seed, fertilizer, and labor to the production of corn. Partially significantly affect seed production, while the area of land, fertilizer, and labor did not significantly affect corn production. From the calculation results obtained scale RTS value = 0.98, thus smaller than the RTS (ep <1) then this indicates a state of decreasing returns to scale, which means additional input of land, seed, fertilizer, and labor respectively - each additional 1% exceeded production by 0.98%. Keywords: factors of production, production, Return to Scale
UZ Flow Models and Submodels

The purpose of this Model Report is to document the unsaturated zone (UZ) fluid flow and tracer transport models and submodels as well as the flow fields generated utilizing the UZ Flow and Transport Model of Yucca Mountain (UZ Model), Nevada. This work was planned in ''Technical Work Plan (TWP) for: Performance Assessment Unsaturated Zone'' (BSC 2002 [160819], Section 1.10, Work Package AUZM06). The UZ Model has revised, updated, and enhanced the previous UZ Flow Model REV 00 ICN 01 (BSC 2001 [158726]) by incorporation of the conceptual repository design with new grids, recalibration of property sets, and more comprehensive validation effort. The flow fields describe fracture-fracture, matrix-matrix, and fracture-matrix liquid flow rates and their spatial distributions as well as moisture conditions in the UZ system. These 3-D UZ flow fields are used directly by Performance Assessment (PA). The model and submodels evaluate important hydrogeologic processes in the UZ as well as geochemistry and geothermal conditions. These provide the necessary framework to test conceptual hypotheses of flow and transport at different scales and predict flow and transport behavior under a variety of climatic conditions. In addition, this Model Report supports several PA activities, including abstractions, particle-tracking transport simulations, and themore » UZ Radionuclide Transport Model. « less
Exploiting genotype x environment interaction in maize breeding in Zimbabwe

Agriseeds Company produces several hybrids yearly. These hybrids need to be evaluated for yield stability before release. In this study, fifty-eight newly developed hybrids were planted at five sites and evaluated for grain yield and other traits. The objective was to assess the stability of Agriseeds hybrids in Zimbabwe and to identify strategies of minimizing evaluation cost of hybrids in multi-locations. Across site, analysis of variance indicated significant differences (p<0.001) in grain yield, days to silking, days to anthesis and anthesis-silking interval on genotypes, environments and genotype × environment interactions (GEI). Stable hybrids were 10A3WH04 (6.7 tha -1 ) and 10A3WH24 (6.7 tha -1 ) while hybrid 10A3WH03 (6.5 tha -1 ) showed specific adaptability. Since all the evaluation sites fell into one mega-environment, a few representative sites with a few replications will be ideal to capture much of the variance due to GEI. Furthermore, Agriseeds should not establish separate breeding programmes for these environments. Rather, suitable culling and discriminating environments must be captured in few sites to be utilized and these sites are Harare, Gwebi and any one of Kadoma, Matopos and Shamwa.
New Positive-sequence Voltage Detector for Grid Synchronization of Power Converters under Faulty Grid Conditions

This paper deals with a fundamental aspect in the control of grid-connected power converters, i.e., the detection of the positive-sequence component at fundamental frequency of the utility voltage under unbalanced and distorted conditions. Accurate and fast detection of this voltage component under grid faults is essential to keep the control over the power exchange with the grid avoiding to trip the converter protections and allowing the ride-through of the transient fault. In this paper, the systematic use of well known techniques conducts to a new positive-sequence voltage detection system which exhibits a fast, precise, and frequency-adaptive response under faulty grid conditions. Three fundamental functional blocks make up the proposed detector, these are: i) the quadrature-signals generator (QSG), ii) the positive-sequence calculator (PSC), and iii) the phase-locked loop (PLL). A key innovation of the proposed system is the use of a dual second order generalized integrator (DSOGI) to implement the QSG. For this reason, the proposed positive-sequence detector is called DSOGI-PLL. A detailed study of the DSOGI-PLL and verification by simulation are performed in this paper. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the DSOGI-PLL is a very suitable technique for characterizing the positive-sequence voltage under grid faults.
Why Systematic Design Engineering

Design engineering is different from other more artistic forms of designing because on one hand it is more constrained by the engineering sciences, economics and other factors, but on the other hand it has more possibilities for abstract modeling in the conceptual phases. Creativity is essential, but in many cases not sufficient to explore the many possible candidate solutions. A more systematic and methodical approach can help to overcome many of the problems that arise during conceptualizing in design engineering. Use of appropriate methods to enhance the search for solutions can expand the solution field. A systematic approach based on engineering design science has been shown to enhance understanding, good record-keeping, and traceability for the design process. Several grounded theories are reviewed and brought into mutual context, they refer to memory and thinking operations, expertise, human action modes, and competencies. The discussion reveals a need for specific instructions for a methodical and systematic engineering design procedure, when the design problem is seen as non-routine, and expertise is lacking.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Quantifying variability within technique and performance in elite fast bowlers : is technical variability dysfunctional or functional?

In fast bowling, cricketers are expected to produce a range of delivery lines and lengths while maximising ball speed. From a coaching perspective, technique consistency has been typically associated with superior performance in these areas. However, although bowlers are required to bowl consistently, at the elite level they must also be able to vary line, length and speed to adapt to opposition batters’ strengths and weaknesses. The relationship between technique and performance variability (and consistency) has not been investigated in previous fast bowling research. Consequently, the aim of this study was to quantify both technique (bowling action and coordination) and performance variability in elite fast bowlers from Australian Junior and National Pace Squads. Technique variability was analysed to investigate whether it could be classified as functional or dysfunctional in relation to speed and accuracy. Published Version (PDF 123kB) View at publisher Abstract In fast bowling, cricketers are expected to produce a range of delivery lines and lengths while maximising ball speed. From a coaching perspective, technique consistency has been typically associated with superior performance in these areas. However, although bowlers are required to bowl consistently, at the elite level they must also be able to vary line, length and speed to adapt to opposition batters’ strengths and weaknesses. The relationship between technique and performance variability (and consistency) has not been investigated in previous fast bowling research. Consequently, the aim of this study was to quantify both technique (bowling action and coordination) and performance variability in elite fast bowlers from Australian Junior and National Pace Squads. Technique variability was analysed to investigate whether it could be classified as functional or dysfunctional in relation to speed and accuracy.
Social science to improve fuels management: a synthesis of research on aesthetics and fuels management

A series of syntheses were commissioned by the USDA Forest Service to aid in fuels mitigation project planning. This synthesis focuses on research addressing aesthetic considerations of fuels management. A general finding is that fuels management activities can contribute to the visual quality of a landscape. Topics covered in the synthesis include research findings on visual preferences in forested ecosystems, strategies for maintaining or improving visual quality through fuels management, and the planning, implementation, and monitoring of resource management to improve visual quality.
Performance data on the Milstar rubidium and quartz frequency standards: comparison of ground tests in a simulated space environment to results obtained on orbit

Space programs increasingly use atomic frequency standards for precision timekeeping and stable frequency generation. The excellent navigational performance of GPS satellites is largely due to the on-board atomic frequency standards. A new generation of military communication satellites (Milstar) carries multiple redundant rubidium atomic frequency standards in order to meet various communication and operational requirements. The first Milstar satellite, DFS-1, has on-board multiple redundant quartz crystal oscillators. The second Milstar satellite, DFS-2, was launched late in 1995, and is the first of the Milstar satellite constellation to have on-board rubidium atomic frequency standards. All subsequent satellites are to be launched with Rb standards. The Milstar program embarked upon an extensive ground testing program that included: qualification testing, life testing (two units in a simulated space environment for over 2 years of accumulated operating time), acceptance testing of each flight unit, and a 100 day Flight Integrity Test of each flight unit. To date, this has yielded some of the most extensive long term data of rubidium atomic frequency standards in simulated space environment. In this paper we describe the life test and the flight integrity test portions of the Milstar ground test program. An analysis of the data from these tests is presented In addition, these results are compared to the available on-orbit data from DFS-1 and DFS-2.
ALF: a facility for x-ray lithography II--a progress report

In our previous paper which we presented here two years ago, we described the ALF (Advanced Lithography Facility), IBM's new facility for X-ray lithography which was built as an addition to the Advanced Semiconductor Technology Center at IBM's semiconductor plant in Hopewell Jct. , NY. At that time, we described the structure, its utilities, facilities and special features such as the radiation shielding, control room, clean room and vibration resistant design. The building has been completed and occupied. By the time this paper is presented the storage ring will be commissioned, the clean room occupied, and two beamlines with one stepper operational. In this paper we will review the successful completion of the facility with its associated hardware. The installation of the synchrotron will be described elsewhere. We will also discuss the first measurements of vibration, clean room cleanliness and the effectiveness of the radiation shielding. The ALF was completed on schedule and cost objectives were met. This is attributed to careful planning, close cooperation among all the parties involved from the technical team in IBM Research, the system vendor (Oxford Instruments of Oxford England) to the many contractors and subcontractors and to strong support from IBM senior management. All the planned building specifications were met and the facility has come on-line with a minimum of problems. Most important, the initial measurements show that the radiation shielding plan is sound and that with a few modifications the dose limit of 10% of background will be met. Any concerns about an electron accelerator and synchrotron in an industrial setting have been eliminated.
The effects of blade roughness and fouling on marine current turbine performance

The impact of blade roughness and biofouling on the performance of a two-bladed horizontal axis marine current turbine was investigated experimentally and numerically. A 0.8 m diameter rotor (1/25th scale) with a NACA 63-618 cross section was tested in a towing tank. The torque, thrust and rotational speed were measured in the range 5 < e < 11 (e = tip speed ratio). Three different cases were tested: clean blades, artificially fouled blades and roughened blades. The performance of the turbine was predicted using Blade Element Momentum theory and validated using the experimental results. The lift and drag curves necessary for the numerical model were obtained by testing a 2D NACA 63-618 aerofoil in a wind tunnel under clean and roughened conditions. The numerical model predicts the trends that were observed in the experimental data for roughened blades. The artificially fouled blades did not adversely affect turbine performance, as the vast majority of the fouling sheared off. The remaining material improved the performance by delaying stall to higher angles of attack and allowing measurements at lower e than were attainable using the clean blades. The turbine performance was adversely affected in the case of roughened blades, with the power coefficient (CP) versus e curve significantly offset below that for the clean case. The maximum CP for this condition was 0.34, compared to 0.42 for the clean condition.
Natural Modes of Power Line Carrier on Horizontal Three-Phase Lines

Formulas are developed for natural-mode parameters of a horizontal 3-phase transmission line. A method involving elementary algebra is described and paralleled by corresponding equivalents of matrix eigenvalue analysis. A numerical example is presented of calculating high-frequency natural-mode impedances and current or voltage components of an EHV (extra-high-voltage) line. The application of natural-mode analysis to the solution of some plc (power line carrier) problems is also illustrated.
HgI/sub 2/ polycrystalline films for digital X-ray imagers

This paper describes recent results obtained with mercuric iodide (HgI/sub 2/) polycrystalline films that we have produced. The ultimate goal of this effort is to develop a new detector technology for digital X-ray imaging, based on HgI/sub 2/ polycrystalline films coupled to large area flat panel amorphous silicon, thin-film transistor-addressed readout arrays. We have employed two approaches for producing the polycrystalline films: 1) thermal evaporation (sublimation) and 2) deposition of films from various solutions. The 40-60 micron thick films were characterized with respect to their electrical properties and in response to ionizing radiation. The leakage current was about 40 pA/cm2 at the operating bias voltages of /spl sim/50 V. Signals from the HgI/sub 2/ polycrystalline detectors, in response to ionizing radiation, compare favorably to the best published results for all high Z polycrystalline films grown elsewhere, including TlBr, PbI/sub 2/ and HgI/sub 2/.
ANCHOR BEHAVIOR IN SAND

This paper describes an experimental investigation of the behavior of isolated anchors and groups of anchors in sand. It is concerned with medium scale laboratory tests. It is concluded that the ultimate pull out resistance of an anchor in sand depends on the standard variables such as diameter, depth of embedment, and sand density as reported by others, but also on the stress history of sand. Carefully controlled tests show that overconsolidation of the sand increases pull out resistance several fold. Quantitative measurements of sand movements near to the anchor were made. Prestressed anchors behave in a very different manner than dead anchors and test data quantify these differences. In groups, anchors interact. Generally the ultimate pull-out loads were less than those of an equal number of isolated anchors. Load distribution amongst the anchors was initially near uniform but with load increase the outer anchors carried larger loads than the central anchors. Movements of the group generally were greater than those of an isolated anchor, and depended primarily on applied load level.