Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis Onset in Patients with Arthralgia and Anti- Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Positivity: Pilotstudy on Effectiveness of Hydroxychloroquin Treatment

Objective: A relevant subset of patients with ACPA-positive arthralgia will develop arthritis within one year. Hence, an ACPA-positive patient cohort with arthralgia was treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and was followed-up in terms of RA-manifestation and arthralgia complaints. Methods: Since 2009 all patients presenting with arthralgia showing positive ACPA without clinical signs of arthritis were investigated retrospectively at a large outpatient facility in Lower Saxony, Germany. Body-weight adapted hydroxychloroquine-therapy was started at outset and assessments comprise a detailed documentation of arthralgias and rheumatological status (DAS28). The RA-onset rate within 12 months after enrollment is regarded as the primary outcome; secondary outcomes are the clinical course and humoral inflammatory activity. Results: Within 12 months one of 24 patients developed RA (5%), one further patient within 24 months (10%). Regarding the secondary outcomes the number of arthralgic sites decreased highly significant, the DAS28-score and the rheumatoid factor improved after both 12 and 24 months follow-up (p<0.05). Furthermore, the mean steroid dosage could be tapered from 5 mg to 1 mg, and to 0 mg, respectively. In contrast to the present pilot study, conventional treatment (without DMARDs) in seropositive arthralgia patients yielded about 6-fold and 3-fold higher rates of RA-incidence within 12 months and 24 months, respectively. Conclusion: Since these results are promising, randomized controlled studies are needed to evaluate the effects of HCQ on RA-prevention in seropositive arthralgia patients and to define its role regarding the clinical course of seropositive arthralgia within a possible “window of opportunity”.
Profil lipidique de la population agée de plus de 55 ans de la ville de N'Djaména

Pour un meilleur suivi de la sante des membres de l'Association des Personnes de 3eme âge dans la ville de N'Djamena et pour une connaissance de la prevalence des maladies emergentes tels le diabete et l'hypertension arterielle au sein de cette population, quelques caracteristiques cliniques et biochimiques ont ete determinees. Les resultats obtenus chez 120 sujets (88 hommes et 32 femmes) âges de plus de 55 ans ont ete les suivants: glycemie = 1,07 ± 0,31 g/l; uremie = 0,30 ± 0,23 g/l; creatininemie = 8,28 ± 4,34 mg/l; uricemie = 60, 77 ± 16,77 mg/l; proteines totales = 71,02 ± 5,51 g/l; cholesterol total = 1,69 ± 0,36 g/l; HDL-cholesterol = 0,53 ± 0,31 g/l; LDL -cholesterol = 0,74 ± 0,34 g/l; triglycerides = 0,97 ± 0,63 g/l. La prevalence du diabete et de l'hypertension arterielle a ete respectivement de 12,9 % et 26,7 %.
Bronchodilators: New developments

This chapter is concerned with recent controversies and new developments in the area of established bronchodilators, namely beta-agonists, antimuscarinic drugs and methylxanthines. It focuses on the studies concerned with fenoterol and its possible role in asthma deaths in New Zealand, the new long-acting beta-agonists and the place of beta-agonists in the treatment of asthma. The possible reasons for the fact that antimuscarinic drugs have been less effective in general than beta-agonists in asthma are explored and the difficulties of using theophylline in clinical practice and its role in the treatment of asthma are discussed.
The incidence of pine pollen reactivity in an allergic atopic population.

: In the past there has been controversy concerning the allergenicity of pine pollen. Most reports have suggested that pine pollen has not been a significant allergen due to its low antigenicity and relatively large size. While little investigation has been done, there are some older studies supporting pine pollen as an allergen and its use in individual cases for immunotherapy. To our knowledge, no extended testing or screening had been done. A total of 200 patients presenting with symptoms during the pine pollen season were tested to Pinus radiata. Five (3.2%) of the 155 pollen-sensitive patients exhibited skin test sensitivity to Pinus radiata. Based on this data it is concluded that the incidence of skin test reactivity to pine pollen is low.
Barriers to Exclusive Breastfeeding among Urban Mothers

Background : Breastfeeding is the unique source of nutrition and it plays an important role in the growth, development and survival of the infants. The initiation of breastfeeding within one hour and continuation of only breast milk up to six months ensure maximum benefits. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Bangladesh is 56% which is low. We designed this study to find out the factors influencing the duration of breastfeeding in Bangladeshi population. Objective : To study the factors influencing noncompliance to exclusive breastfeeding. Materials and Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted in Dhaka Shishu Hospital during the period January to June 2011. It includes 125 infant (1–12 months)-mother pairs randomly selected from the inpatient and outpatient departments of Dhaka Shishu Hospital. Mother-infant pairs were divided into two groups based on continuation of only breastfeeding up to six months. Outcomes were compared between two groups. Results : In this study exclusive breastfeeding was found in 27.2% and nonexclusive breastfeeding was in 72.8% cases. It was found that in most cases (40%) termination of breastfeeding was at 3--4 months. The study revealed that insufficient milk production due to poor position and attachment, social factors such as influence of husband and other family members, joining to service etc act as barrier to exclusive breastfeeding. Mass media and advice from health professionals had a higher influence on lower rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Women who were multiparous, housewives were more likely to maintain optimal breastfeeding. Conclusion : The present study reveals some important factors contributing to low rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Bangladesh. J Enam Med Col 2016; 6(2): 88-92
Newborns Surgery with Congenital Anomalies: A National Survey of Its Members by Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons

National survey for newborns surgery with congenital anomalies by Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons (KAPS) was done. A questionnaire was sent to all members of the KAPS on March 2014. The current survey is to review three years status of the newborn surgery from 2012 to 2013. Thirty-four members (27.9%) took part in the survey that included data for the diagnosis, number and procedures of neonatal surgical cases. The result was discussed at the Topic Discussion section of the 30th Annual Congress of KAPS, 2014.
Lucian Blaga – the translation theorist

Our research focuses on the metatexts signed by Lucian Blaga as a translator. We prove that, due to the preference of Blaga for ethnocentric translation and his philosophy on poetic translation seen as interpretation, he is a translation theorist. The premise on which we base our research is represented by the remark belonging to Sean Cotter, according to which, in the case of Blaga, translation is a manner of challenging the linguistic policy imposed in Romania during the 1950s by the new regime. In this regard, we analyse the dichotomy margins vs centre in translation and the importance of the translation process in Romania during that decade. The pattern suggested by Lawrence Venuti in nowadays Translation Studies is reversed in the case of the translation subjected to our study: the translator abandons its “invisibility”, while ethnocentric translation becomes, in itself, a technique of resistance. The analysis of certain metatexts signed by Blaga proves that he had a modern philosophy on translation, which allows us to consider him a translation scholar avant la lettre. Thus, a careful analysis of metatexts signed by translators of that period would contribute to a greater visibility of trends existing in Romanian Translation Studies.
Impact of inter-bar currents on the performance of the brushless doubly-fed motor

The brushless doubly-fed machine has been proposed as an alternative adjustable speed drive because of the potential for reducing the size of the necessary power electronic converter. The motor's economic viability may depend upon the ability to die-cast the rotor, bringing the cost of production in line with that of an induction machine. Industrial experience has shown that when the rotor is die-cast without any special precautions for insulating the bars from the rotor iron, the performance is degraded with respect to a fabricated rotor with insulated bars. This performance degradation is shown to be caused by the presence of inter-bar rotor currents. This paper presents a coupled-circuit model which is able to simulate the performance of the motor, including the presence of the inter-bar currents. The model describes the physical structure of the windings and the rotor in terms of complex harmonic impedances. Both measured results and predicted results are presented. In addition, this model enables investigation of the decreased performance obtained with varying values of inter-bar resistance.
The Extent, Nature and Contributing Factors of Violence Against Iranian Emergency Medical Technicians

Background: Workplace Violence (WPV) is one of the most complex and dangerous occupational hazards faced by pre-hospital emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the extent, nature and contributing factors of WPV against EMTs in Urmia, Iran. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 EMTs from April to October 2014. A questionnaire was used for collecting the data. Descriptive statistics were applied to the data. Results: Most of the participants (79%) experienced WPV during the past six months. Accident scene was the most important place of violence and the patients’ companions were the main perpetrators of violence. Overall, 76% of violence victims reported “lack of awareness of the EMTs’ duties” as the most important contributing factor for WPV. Conclusions: This study highlighted the high frequency of WPV against EMTs. Evidently, the health care systems’ officials would benefit from taking proper actions in this area, particularly by “staff and public education”.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PAN-MALARIA ANTIGEN CARD TEST AND BLOOD SMEAR FOR DIAGNOSING MALARIA

The present study was done to compare a rapid malaria test, Maleriscan, for the diagnosis of malaria against the peripheral blood smear examination. Blood samples from 1000 patients suspected of having malaria were obtained. The peripheral blood smears were stained with Leishman's stain and all the blood samples were subjected to card test according to manufacturers' instructions. A total of 150 samples were positive by blood smear examination while 142 were positive by pan-malaria antigen card test. The assay had sensitivity of 94.6% and specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 99.7%, 98.6% and 99.0% respectively. The pan-malaria antigen card test can be used as single or in combination with conventional blood smear examination for detection of malarial parasite and for early diagnosis of malaria.
Evaluation of conservative measures in the treatment of epistaxis

Epistaxis is a common cause for Emergency Department (ED) visits. Approximately 60% of the population has at least one bleeding episode over the course of a lifetime, fortunately; only 6% of this group requires medical attention. Both conservative and surgical modalities have been used in the treatment of epistaxis. Conservative measures conventionally include cauterization of the bleeding site, anterior nasal packing (ANP) and posterior nasal packing (PNP). The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the various conservative treatment modalities. This study was conducted between December 2000 and April 2005 and comprised a total of 200 cases of epistaxis managed in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Royal Medical Services (Amman, Jordan). All patients were treated initially by conservative measures and four groups were categorized based on the treatment received. Group I: Cauterization of the bleeding site using 15% silver nitrate was tried in 154 (77%) patients, and was successful in 114 (74.02%) of them. Group II: anterior nasal packing was done in a total of 86 (43%) patients and was successful in 74 (86.04%). Group III: Posterior nasal packing was done in 12 (6%) cases and was successful in 11 (91.6%). Group IV: Embolization of the internal maxillary artery was done in one patient (0.5%) who had intractable epistaxis and the previous measures were unsuccessful to control it. This was effective in stopping the bleeding. This study supports the clinical usefulness of conservative management in the treatment of patients with epistaxis. Most cases were successfully managed with conservative medical management alone and surgical intervention with its potential complications may not be necessary in most cases and should be the last resort. *Corresponding author: Department of ENT. RMS. Jordan Armed Forces, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box, Sweileh 1834. Email: nemer72@gmail.com
Stress responses of horses during a long period of transport in a commercial truck.

OBJECTIVES To characterize progressive patterns of dehydration, stress responses, and water consumption in horses transported long distances in hot weather and to evaluate various measurements in detecting dehydration and stress in transported horses. DESIGN Prospective study. ANIMALS 30 mature, healthy horses. PROCEDURE The following 4 treatment groups were studied: horses that were penned and offered water every 5 hours (n = 5), horses that were penned and not offered water (5), horses that were transported in a truck and offered water every 5 hours (10), and horses that were transported and not offered water (10). The study commenced after 6 hours of water deprivation. Every 4 hours, the truck returned to the pen area and body weights were measured, physical examinations were performed, and blood samples were obtained. During this 1-hour period, water was offered to some horses, depending on treatment group. RESULTS After 24 hours of transport, 3 horses were judged unable to continue and the study was terminated. Horses that were penned and offered water drank a mean of 38.2 L and horses that were transported and offered water drank 20.9 L, but some of the latter horses did not drink until after 19 or 24 hours of transport. In horses that were transported or penned and not offered water, serum electrolyte concentrations were greater than reference range values by 19 hours. Most horses that were transported and offered water consumed adequate water to postpone severe dehydration beyond 24 hours. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Tame horses in good condition and initially deprived of access of water for approximately 6 hours can be transported in groups in open trailers during hot, humid conditions for up to 24 hours before dehydration and fatigue become severe. Rectal temperature and appearance of the horses were the most useful measures for determining crisis situations.
Comparing profile of people who inject drugs (PWID) accessing different types of needle and syringe programs or secondary distribution in Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract Background: Needle and syringe programs (NSPs) have been developed and implemented since 2002 in Iran. NSPs are largely delivered through fixed site and outreach services. Characterizing people who inject drugs (PWID) primarily using different sources of injecting equipment can help service design. Objective: The objective of the present study was to characterize and compare the risk behaviors of PWID according to their primary sources of clean needles and syringes in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: We used data from a cross-sectional study of 500 PWID in Kermanshah. Behavioral and program data were also assessed to identify their main source of injection equipment, demographic characteristics, and risk behaviors. The Cochran–Armitage trend test was used to test for trends in characteristics and risk behaviors among the three sources for clean needles. We also ran a multinomial logistic regression to assess the individual characteristics of those who have reported the outreach or other sources of NSP over fixed sites as their main sources of clean needles and syringe. Results: As reported by study participants, their three main sources were fixed sites (n = 230, 46%), (n = 180, 36%) and secondary distribution ((n = 90, 18%). The odds of reporting outreach versus fixed site as main source was significantly higher in those with unstable housing (AOR = 2.8, p = 0.01), who started injection under 25 years of age (AOR = 2.7, p = 0.03), and who have longer duration of injections (AOR = 2.3, p = 0.02). Similarly, the odds of reporting secondary distribution versus fixed site as main source of needles and syringes was significantly higher in those with unstable housing (AOR = 3.2, p = 0.01). Conclusions: We observed a trend toward more risky injection behaviors among the users of fixed sites to outreach program users and then those who have reported other alternates as main sources. This can be explained by insufficient coverage of injections.
Correlation between efficacy and toxicity in pts with pretreated advanced melanoma treated within the Italian cohort of the ipilimumab expanded access programme (EAP).

9065 Background: Ipilimumab was the first agent approved for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma that showed an overall survival benefit in randomised phase III trials. Early clinical studies explored the potential relationship between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with ipilimumab and antitumor activity but no definitive conclusion has been reached. Here, we evaluated the possible correlation between efficacy of ipilimumab treatment and irAEs in patients (pts) enrolled in the EAP in Italy. Methods: Ipilimumab was available upon physician request for pts aged ≥16 years with unresectable stage III/stage IV melanoma who had either failed systemic therapy or were intolerant to ≥1 systemic treatment and for whom no other therapeutic option was available. Ipilimumab 3 mg/kg was administered intravenously every 3 weeks for 4 doses. Tumour assessments were conducted at baseline and after completion of induction therapy using immune-related response criteria. Pts were monitored .
Parents' Calcium Knowledge Is Associated with Parental Practices to Promote Calcium Intake Among Parents of Early Adolescent Children

The study reported here aimed to identify the relationship of parents' calcium knowledge with diet-related parental practices and determinants of calcium knowledge. A cross-sectional survey was conducted measuring parental practices, calcium knowledge, and demographics. A convenience sample of 599 racially/ethnically diverse parents of children 10-13y completed questionnaires. Higher education and having a daughter were associated with higher calcium knowledge; being Asian or Hispanic and born outside the U.S. were associated with lower calcium knowledge. Parents with greater calcium knowledge were more likely to engage in healthy parenting practices. These factors may be important considerations for Extension educators in nutrition education.
Can We See Microfilaria On Ultrasound?: A Real-Time Ultrasound And Wet Smear Demonstration Of Dancing Microfilaria

A case with the filaria dance sign (FDS) in the epididymal region is described. Aspiration of fluid from an epididymal cystic lesion demonstrated motile microfilaria. We explore the possibility that the "dancing particles" described by the FDS are microfilaria and not the adult worm as previously described.
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Allium sativum, Allium cepa and Jatropha curcas against Toxocara canis and Ancylostoma caninum

Prevalence of animal diseases is one of the major livestock production constraints in Kenya with high impacts on livelihoods due to related economic losses affecting food security in the country. The use of synthetic drugs for disease management has challenges. This makes the use of medicinal plants for treatment a rational alternative. Ascarids, Toxocara canis and Ancylostoma caninum are among the most frequently observed helminth parasites in dogs in Kenya. The two parasites are also known to cause helminthiasis in human beings. This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of ethanol and aqueous extracts from bulbs of A. sativum and A. cepa and from leaves of J. curcas against T. canis and A. caninum parasites. Six (6) extracts from three (3) plants: A. cepa, A. sativum and J. curcas were selected for in vitro anthelmintic screening by measuring ability to inhibit hatching and development of eggs and survival of larvae in vitro. The ethanol extracts of A. cepa inhibited hatching of 100% of eggs of A. caninum between 10,000 and 2,500 ug/ml and 100% of eggs of T. canis between 10,000 and 1,250 ug/ml while that of A. sativum inhibited hatching of 100% of A. caninum eggs between 10,000 and 5,000 ug/ml. However the ethanol extract of A. sativum did not have the same effect on the development of T. canis eggs at these concentrations. The ethanol extracts of both A. cepa and A. sativum affected the survival of 100% of A. caninum larvae at a concentration of 156 ug/ml and above. The water extracts of the three plants had moderate effects on the eggs and the larvae of both parasites. The results indicate that the ethanol extracts of A. cepa and A. sativum have anthelmintic properties which should be investigated further to support the ethnoveterinary use of the plants as anthelmintics for control and treatment of worm infestation in dogs. Key words: Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Anthelmintic activity, Ancylostoma caninum, Jatropha curcas Toxocara canis.
From Laboratory Science to Six EMS Systems: New Understanding of the Physiology of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Increases Survival Rates after Cardiac Arrest

Objective The purpose of this study is to: 1) describe a newly discovered mechanism of blood flow to the brain during CPR using the impedance threshold device (ITD) in a piglet model of cardiac arrest, and 2) describe the survival benefits in humans of applying all of the highly recommended changes in the 2005 Guidelines related to increasing circulation during CPR, including use of the ITD, from 6 EMS systems in the United States