Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paradote and Standard Dose Oral N-acetylcysteine for Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Coronary Angiography

To compare the efficacy of paradote and standard dose oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the prevention of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without concomitant coronary intervention. design: A prospective, open-Iabled,randomized controlled study Subjects: One hundred and twenty eight patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without concomitant coronary intervention in the Department of Medicine,Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Medical College and Vajira Hospital between March 2007 to January 2008 were enrolled. Methods: All subjects were divided into two groups by randomization. The study group received paradote of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC)(oral N-acetylcysteine 70 mg/kg q 4 hr before coronary angiography 6 doses and after coronary angiography12 doses). The control group received the standard dose of oral N-acetylcysteine (oral NAC 600 mg q 12 hr before coronary angiography 2 doses and after coronary angiography 2 doses). All patients received 0.9% normal saline solution (NSS) 1 ml/kg 12 hrs before and after coronary angiography. The nonionic,low osmolality contrast agent (Ultravist 370@) was used in all patients Main outcome measures: The development of CIN which was defined as an increase of at least 0.5 mg/dl or increase at least 25% in serum creatinine over baseline within 48 hrs of coronary angiography Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences in mean age, serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (as estimated by the Cockroft~ault equation), or volume of contrast used in either group. Five patients developed CIN, which occurred in 1.53% (1/65) patients taking paradote NAC and 6.34% (4/63) of patients taking standard NAC (relative risk = 0.26; 95% confidence interval 0.03 to 2.25; P = 0.24). ln the paradote NAC group, the decrease in serum creatinine from baseline (1.67 mg/dl) after coronary angiography at 24 hrs (1.50 mg/dl) and 48 hrs (1.52) were significant (p < 0.005). In the standard NAC group, the serum creatinine decrease from baseline (1.58) after coronary angiography at 24 hrs (1.51 mg/dl) was also significant (p = 0.005), but it was not significant in the standard NAC group after coronary angiography at 48 hrs (1.57 mg/dl). Side effects occurred in 3.1%(3/65) of patients taking paradote NAC and 3.2% (2/63) of patients taking standard NAC. Most side effects were gastrointestinal in nature and no anaphylactoid reaction was detected. Conclusions: Paradote and the standard dose of oral NAC in the prevention of CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography were not significantly different. Paradote of NAC tends to be more effective than the standard dose for prevention of CIN without any serious side effects.
HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS: NOT UNCOMMON IN SIMPLE BENIGN GOITER. A REVIEW OF 1102 THYROIDECTOMIES FOR SIMPLE BENIGN GOITER.

OBJECTIVE: To see the frequency of Hashimotos Thyroiditis (HT) in patients operated with the diagnosis of simple goiter. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective multicenter study PLACE AND DURATION: From 1st January 1999 to 31st March 2011 at three tertiary care hospitals. METHODOLOGY: All patients with simple benign goiter irrespective of age and sex are included in the study. Patients already diagnosed for hashimotos thyroiditis, recurrent goiter, abnormal thyroid hormone profile, diagnosed congenital thyroid pathology or non availability of postoperative histopathology were excluded from the study. Histopathology of all patients reviewed to see the frequency of hashimotos thyroiditis in patients operated for benign simple goiter. th RESULTS: Among a total of 1102 patients, 91.28% (n=1006) were female and the majority were in 5 decade (35.48%, n=391) of life. Histopathology review of all patients operated for benign simple goiter showed that 2.81% (n=31) were having Hashimoto's thyroiditis and majority (87.09%, n=27) were female. Hashimoto's thyroiditis were common in patients who was in the 3rd decade of life followed th by 4 decade, i.e. 35.48% (n=11) and 32.26% (n=10) respectively. CONCLUSION: Hashimotos thyroiditis is not uncommon and due to its varied clinical presentation it should be ruled out in simple benign goiter before surgery. KER WORDS: Goiter, Thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Surgery
The Old Boys&Apos; Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap

Offices are social places. Employees and managers take coffee breaks together, go to lunch, hang out over drinks, and talk about family and hobbies. In this study, we show that employees’ social interactions with their managers are advantageous for their careers and that this phenomenon contributes to the gender pay gap. We use administrative and survey data from a large financial institution. We estimate the impact of social interactions on career progression using quasi-random variation induced by the rotation of managers, along with the smoking status of managers and employees. When male employees who smoke transition to male managers who smoke, they take breaks with their managers more often and are subsequently promoted at higher rates. The smoker-to-smoker advantage is not accompanied by any differences in effort or performance. Moreover, we find that the male-to-male advantage is also only present among employees who work in close proximity to their managers, limiting the mechanism to channels requiring face-to-face interaction. The male-to-male advantage explains a third of the gender gap in promotions at this firm.
DIAGNOSIS OF TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI IN CATTLE FROM THREE SELECTED ABATTOIRS AND THREE FARMS IN KADUNA STATE

A total of 150 blood samples were collected from catlles in selected three abattoirs and three farms for diagnosis of T.b. brucei in Kaduna State. The prevalence of 21% from abattoirs was recorded as compared to the 1% recorded in farms which is statistically different at p<0.05 but between each abattoir, there was no significant difference at p<0.05 indicating no relationship between each study site using microscopy. Further analysis was carried out using PCR with speciespecific primer for T.b. brucei at 230bp, bands were seen after gel electrophoresis confirming the presence of the parasite. In conclusion, this study shows that blood samples from the abattoir had more infection than those collected from the farms indicating that the animals brought to the abattoirs are mostly in critical health conditions. Therefore, there is a need for proper diagnosis and treatment of animals so as to promote more meat and milk production for human consumption.
MOL084863 1176..1189

Although long-term exposure to nicotine is highly addictive, one beneficial consequence of chronic tobacco use is a reduced risk for Parkinson’s disease. Of interest, these effects both reflect structural and functional plasticity of brain circuits controlling reward and motor behavior and, specifically, recruitment of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Because the underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood, we addressed this issue with use of primary cultures of mouse mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Exposure to nicotine (1–10 mM) for 72 hours in vitro increased dendritic arborization and soma size in primary cultures. These effects were blocked by mecamylamine and dihydro-b-erythroidine, but not methyllycaconitine. The involvement of a4b2 nAChR was supported by the lack of nicotineinduced structural remodeling in neurons from a4 null mutant mice (KO). Challenge with nicotine triggered phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the thymoma viral proto-oncogene (Akt), followed by activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent p70 ribosomal S6 protein kinase. Upstream pathway blockade using the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 [2-(4-morpholinyl)8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one hydrochloride] resulted in suppression of nicotine-induced phosphorylations and structural plasticity. These effects were dependent on functional DA D3 receptor (D3R), because nicotine was inactive both in cultures from D3R KO mice and after pharmacologic blockade with D3R antagonist trans-N-4-2-(6-cyano-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinolin2-yl)ethylcyclohexyl-4-quinolinecarboxamide (SB-277011-A) (50 nM). Finally, exposure to nicotine in utero (5 mg/kg/day for 5 days) resulted in increased soma area of DAergic neurons of newborn mice, effects not observed in D3 receptor null mutant mice mice. These findings indicate that nicotine-induced structural plasticity at mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons involves a4b2 nAChRs together with dopamine D3R-mediated recruitment of ERK/Akt-mTORC1 signaling.
A prospective study of clinical profile and outcome of critically ill obstetric patients in ICU at a tertiary level hospital in India

Background: Pregnant women in India are at higher risk of dying as compared to middle to high income countries. Deaths can be prevented if risk factors are identified, critical illness is diagnosed early in pregnancy and timely critical care is provided. Objectives: To appraise the obstetric admissions to the ICU in a tertiary care hospital in India in an attempt to identify the risk factors influencing maternal outcome. Methodology: A prospective cohort study was conducted in critically ill obstetric patients over two years. Causes of admissions, interventions required, course during ICU stay and fetomaternal outcome were recorded for each patient. APACHE II and SAPS II scores were calculated. Results: Among 224 obstetric patients admitted to the ICU, maternal mortality was 35.3%. Most patients were postpartum (61.2%). Nonsurvivors were significantly older, multiparous, had delayed admissions to ICU and longer ICU length of stay (ICU-LOS) compared to survivors. Mean APACHE II and SAPS II scores were 20.17±9.60 and 36.14±14.89 respectively, which were significantly higher among non survivors compared to survivors. Conclusion: Obstetric hemorrhage, multiparity, illiteracy, lack of antenatal care and delay in ICU admission were major risk factors influencing maternal outcome.
ROLE OF LIBRARIANS IN TEACHING INFORMATION LITERACY IN ZIMBABWEAN AND SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Information and communications technologies (ICTs) and the Internet have to a large extent influenced the way information is made available, published and accessed. More information is being produced too frequently and information users now require certain skills to sift through this multitude in order to identify what is appropriate for their purposes. Computer and information skills have become a necessity for all academic programmes. As libraries subscribe to databases and other peer-reviewed content (print and electronic), it is important that users are also made aware of such sources and their importance. The purpose of this study was to examine the teaching of information literacy (IL) in universities in Zimbabwe and South Africa, and the role played by librarians in creating information literate graduates. This was done by examining whether such IL programmes were prioritised, their content and how frequently they were reviewed. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to 12 university libraries in Zimbabwe and 21 in South Africa. A total of 25 questionnaires were returned. The findings revealed that IL was being taught in universities library and non-library staff, was compulsory and contributed to the term mark in some institutions. The study also revealed that 44 per cent of the total respondents indicated that the libraries were collaborating with departments and faculty in implementing IL programmes in universities. The study recommends that IL should be an integral part of the university programmes in order to promote the use of databases and to guide students on ethical issues of information use.
OARRR_A_201556 163..171

1Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 3Community Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 4Sleep Medicine and Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 5Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Purpose: To determine the prevalence of common sleep problems among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their relationship with the disease activity and quality of life. Patients and methods: The study sample consisted of 101 patients who attended a rheumatology clinic at a university hospital between October 2015 and May 2016. All subjects were clinically examined and interviewed by physicians using a questionnaire. The collected information included sociodemographic characteristics, the patients’ medical histories, the Disease Activity Score (DAS28), the Berlin questionnaire to assess the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), the Athens Insomnia Scale to assess insomnia, the International RLS Study Group score to diagnose restless legs syndrome (RLS), and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) to assess the quality of life. Results: The mean age of the participants was 48.7±14.6 years, and 95% of the participants were females. Approximately 60% of the participants were in the remission/low category of disease activity, and the average DAS28 score was 3.3±0.8 years. The prevalence rates of insomnia, EDS, sleep disturbance, risk of OSA, and RLS were 63%, 20%, 20%, 37%, and 63%, respectively. Furthermore, the distribution of sleep disorders was not affected by the disease activity. The association between the HAQ and sleep disorders among the RA patients was not significant. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are common among RA patients and may require further attention by treating clinicians; nevertheless, these disorders are not associated with disease activity and do not affect the quality of life.
FINNISH TEACHER EDUCATION –CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES

INTRODUCTION The focus of our article is to view the features characterizing Finnish teacher education and bring forward current challenges concerning the content andstructure of the education. Although focus is on Finnish teacher education, our experiences from other countries reveal that teacher education faces the same kinds of challenges elsewhere. Although the underlying contexts are different, some of the challenges seem to be internationally quite common in character, that is, the question of how to organize teacher education within higher education institutions. Other examples are the question of the level of academisation, i.e. a research-based approach or a practice-oriented approach, and of the relationship between subject didactics and general pedagogical qualification, to mention just a few. Some of the problems are more contextspecific and occur in various ways in different settings, while others seem to be more generic in character. Based on Finnish teacher education, our expectation is thus to discuss teacher education in a wider and more generic, way. Our ambition is through the Finnish case to contribute to the discussion of new paths when old ones no longer function properly, and to create new appropriate means in changing societal conditions.
Loanwords for Language Learners: Help or Hindrance?

Loanwords are a growing component of the Japanese language. During the past six decades, the majority of new loanwords entering the Japanese language have come from the English language. For native Japanese speaking students, loanwords are a source of potential frustration and support, both within their L1 and L2 (English). Aims: To explore and further our understanding of students’ knowledge of high frequency loanwords. Sample: One hundred thirty undergraduate students of mixed major, studying in a compulsory course (Eigo/Eigokaiwa), at Kyushu Sangyo University, participated in this exploratory study. Methods: This study compares loanword self-reported difficulty (L2) with students’ productive knowledge in their L1. This study was undertaken with a group of first- and second-year students (n! 130) enrolled in compulsory English classes. Results: For half of the loanwords examined, self-reported difficulty and students’ productive knowledge was consistent. The remaining words examined were inconsistent with self-report measures, generally underestimating students’ actual productive knowledge. Conclusions: Error analyses of students’ L1 sentences indicated that inconsistencies observed between self-report and productive knowledge may be due to students’ partial knowledge of words expressed through their reliance on katakana translations of the words tested. Implications for practice and future directions are discussed.
Guerrero-Martinez, F. J., Karimi, N. and Ramos, E. (2018) Numerical modeling of multiple steady-state convective modes in a tilted porous medium heated from below. International Journal of Heat and Mass

Numerical simulations are carried out to determine the steady-state convective modes in a rectangular porous cavity heated from below. The property of multiplicity of solutions for a given set of governing parameters is examined in this paper. The multiple steady-state solutions that appear in a horizontal cavity for a given Rayleigh number are obtained by means of suitable initial conditions. Each of these solutions is then perturbed by increasing the inclination angle in order to identify the transition angle to a different convective mode. It is observed that for an odd-number of convective cells, if the counterclockwise rotating cells dominate the configuration, the Nusselt number increases with the slope angle up to a maximum and then decreases before the transition to single cell convection. Otherwise, if there are more clockwise rotating cells, the Nusselt number decreases monotonically and the configuration becomes unstable. Since multicellular configurations with even number of convective cells have equal number of clockwise and counterclockwise rotating cells, this case presents a single behavior characterized by a decrease in the Nusselt number. The transition angles from multicellular to single cell convection are found to be as large as 45◦ when the aspect ratio of the cavity is large, so that this angle ∗Corresponding author. Tel. : +1 816 235 1499 Email address: nader.karimi@glasgow.ac. uk (Nader Karimi) 1Present address: Geophysics Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, México D.F. , 04510, México Preprint submitted to International Communications in Heat and Mass TransferFebruary 5, 2018 is the upper limit to destabilize multicellular convection.
COPD_A_207775 1267..1280

1Department of Pulmonology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; 2Clinical Department, Federal Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation; 3Department of Pulmonology, N.I. Pirogov Russian State National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation; 5Department of Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; 6Department of Internal Diseases No.1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; 7Department of Differential Diagnostics, Federal Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Moscow, Russian Federation; 8Pneumology Department, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron/Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain Abstract: Observational studies indicate that overutilization of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)
A roll‐type corona discharge–electrostatic separator for separating wheat grain and straw particles

Different methods such as mechanical, pneumatic, and electrical techniques have been used in the separation process of impurities from agricultural products. In electrical systems, three methods, that is, triboelectrostatic, free fall, and roll type with high‐voltage corona discharge electrodes, are usually used. In the present study, separation trajectory of grain and wheat straw are firstly predicted using simulation of roll‐type corona system configuration in COMSOL Multiphysics and MATLAB. Experimental tests are conducted to determine the separation performance of a roll‐type corona apparatus with 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 kV voltages at 50, 70, and 90 rpm drum rotational speeds. The simulation results showed that the trajectory of the grain particles deviated from that of straw when the voltage increased from 10 to 30 kV as well as increasing the rotational speed from 50 to 90 rpm. Although the rotational speed of 70 rpm resulted in a good separation of grains from straw particles, increasing the speed to 90 rpm not only did not improve the separation performance but also caused a dispersal of the particles and reduced the separation quality. The simulation results were in good accordance with the experimental results obtained from the developed prototype. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study can be used in configuration optimization design of “Corona Type Cylindrical Electrostatic Separation” for separating seed and straw in agriculture production, especially where they cannot be separated by conventional methods.
A Study of Efficacy of Antioxidant Therapy in the Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

To study the effects of vitamin C and vitamin E therapy on oxidative stress and pulmonary function parameters in patients of COPD. The study subjects included two major groups consisting of 15 smokers without COPD and 50 smokers with COPD patients. The COPD groups of patients receiving conventional treatment were further divided into 3 groups. The first group (n=16) received vitamin C (500mg/day), the second group (n=18) received vitamin E (200mg/day) and the third group (n=16) received combination of vitamin C (500mg/day) and vitamin E (200mg/day) therapy for 3 months along with their conventional therapy. Treatment with antioxidant therapy with vitamin C and /or vitamin E produced significant improvement in values of markers of oxidative stress i.e. lowering of malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevation of reduced glutathione (GSH) without significant improvement in the pulmonary function parameters. Thus, antioxidant therapy along with conventional therapy in the management of COPD produced significant decrease in oxidative stress. However, there was no significant improvement in pulmonary function test parameters. It is concluded that antioxidant therapy produced significant reduction in the markers of oxidative stress in COPD patients. Further work is required to correlate and confirm the above observations with clinical benefits.