Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating Outcomes Post–Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke Patients With Cancer

Background and Objectives Cancer is a common comorbidity in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Randomized controlled trials that established endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) as the standard of care for large vessel occlusion generally excluded patients with cancer. As such, the clinical benefits of endovascular thrombectomy in the cancer population are currently poorly established. We examine clinical outcomes of patients with cancer who underwent EVT using a large inpatient database, the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Methods The NIS was queried for AIS admission between 2016 and 2019, and patients with cancer were identified. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, reperfusion therapies, and outcomes were compared between patients with AIS with and without cancer. For patients who underwent EVT, propensity score matching was used to study primary outcomes such as risk of intracranial hemorrhage, hospital length of stay, and discharge disposition. Results During the study period, 2,677,200 patients were hospitalized with AIS, 228,800 (8.5%) of whom had a diagnosis of cancer. A total of 132,210 patients underwent EVT, of which 8,935 (6.8%) had cancer. Over 20% of patients with cancer who underwent EVT had a favorable outcome of a routine discharge home without services. On adjusted propensity score analysis, patients with cancer who underwent EVT had similar rates of intracranial hemorrhage (OR 1.03, CI 0.79–1.33, p = 0.90) and odds of a discharge home, with a significantly higher rate of prolonged hospitalization greater than 10 days (OR 1.34, CI 1.07–1.68, p = 0.01). Compared with patients without cancer, patients with metastatic cancer who underwent EVT also had similar rates of intracranial hemorrhage (OR 1.03, CI 0.64–1.67, p = 1.00) and likelihood of routine discharge (OR 0.83, CI 0.51–1.35, p = 0.54) but higher rates of in-hospital mortality (OR 2.72, CI 1.52–4.90, p < 0.01). Discussion Our findings show that in contemporary medical practice, patients with acute stroke with comorbid cancer or metastatic cancer who undergo endovascular thrombectomy have similar rates of intracranial hemorrhage and favorable discharges as patients without cancer. This suggests that patients with AIS who meet the criteria for reperfusion therapy may be considered in the setting of a comorbid cancer diagnosis.
Weak extent, submetrizability and diagonal degrees

We show that if $X$ has a zero-set diagonal and $X^2$ has countable weak extent, then $X$ is submetrizable. This generalizes earlier results from Martin and Buzyakova. Furthermore we show that if $X$ has a regular $G_\delta$-diagonal and $X^2$ has countable weak extent, then $X$ condenses onto a second countable Hausdorff space. We also prove several cardinality bounds involving various types of diagonal degree.
Общая теория выбора равновесия в играх / A General Theory of Equilibrium Selection in Games

Книга представляет собой перевод на русский язык последней совместной монографии по теории игр известных авторов - Дж. Харшаньи и Р. Зельтена - нобелевских лауреатов в области экономики 1994 г. Она посвящена изложению единого подхода к выбору равновесия в конфликтных ситуациях, моделируемых в рамках теории игр. Не претендуя на абсолютную истину, авторы исследуют все основные проблемы теории игр, начиная с самого понятия игры, оптимального поведения в ней, свойств оптимального поведения, определения условий, при которых такое поведение осмыслено (проблемы существования единственности, а для динамических игр и временной состоятельности), и конструктивные методы нахождения оптимального поведения. Данная теория имеет многочисленные приложения в экономике, политике и других областях человеческой деятельности, связанных с анализом и разрешением конфликтов с применением математических методов. Издание предназначено для широкого круга специалистов, студентов старших курсов, магистрантов и аспирантов экономических, математических и экономико-математических специальностей вузов, специализирующихся в областях прикладной математики, теории игр и применения математических методов в экономике и менеджменте.
Dilation theory for rank two graph algebras.

An analysis is given of $*$-representations of rank 2 single vertex graphs. We develop dilation theory for the non-selfadjoint algebras $\A_\theta$ and $\A_u$ which are associated with the commutation relation permutation $\theta$ of a 2-graph and, more generally, with commutation relations determined by a unitary matrix $u$ in $M_m(\bC) \otimes M_n(\bC)$. We show that a defect free row contractive representation has a unique minimal dilation to a $*$-representation and we provide a new simpler proof of Solel's row isometric dilation of two $u$-commuting row contractions. Furthermore it is shown that the $C^*$-envelope of $\A_u$ is the generalised Cuntz algebra $\O_{X_u}$ for the product system $X_u$ of $u$; that for $m\geqslant 2 $ and $n \geqslant 2 $ contractive representations of $\Ath$ need not be completely contractive; and that the universal tensor algebra $\T_+(X_u)$ need not be isometrically isomorphic to $\A_u$.
Higher body mass index and disease duration are associated with increased risk of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Background Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Insulin resistance (IR), which is higher in patients with SLE, adversely impacts left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function. The aims were to determine LV dysfunction and evaluate the influence of potential risk factors on subclinical LV dysfunction in women with SLE, including IR. Methods This cross-sectional study included adult women with SLE without diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension or severe obesity. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was verified according to current guidelines. Insulin resistance was estimated using the Quantose score. Results We included 77 women. The frequency of IR was 65%. All participants had a normal ejection fraction (EF), and 11 (15.7%) had abnormal LV global longitudinal strain (GLS). Twenty-three (32.8%) had DD. The GLS% and global circumferential strain (GCS)% did not differ in patients with and without IR (−20.8 ± 3.1 vs −20.5 ± 2.1; p = 0.61 and −27.9 ± 4.4 vs −27.4 ± 3.7; p = 0.57, respectively). The prevalence of DD was 38.1% in patients with IR versus 25% in those without (p = 0.30). E/e’ and E/A ratios did not differ between groups (6.6 ± 1.9 vs 6.6 ± 1.5; p = 0.98 and 1.3 ± 0.3 vs 1.3 ± 0.2; p = 0.27). Higher BMI (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.5) and disease duration (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4) were associated with DD. Conclusions Patients with overweight/obesity may be at higher risk of LV dysfunction. Although IR was high in our patients with SLE was not associated with systolic dysfunction or DD. Body mass index and disease duration were associated with an increased risk of DD.
Dynamic Graph Message Passing Networks

Modelling long-range dependencies is critical for scene understanding tasks in computer vision. Although convolution neural networks (CNNs) have excelled in many vision tasks, they are still limited in capturing long-range structured relationships as they typically consist of layers of local kernels. A fully-connected graph, such as the self-attention operation in Transformers, is beneficial for such modelling, however, its computational overhead is prohibitive. In this paper, we propose a dynamic graph message passing network, that significantly reduces the computational complexity compared to related works modelling a fully-connected graph. This is achieved by adaptively sampling nodes in the graph, conditioned on the input, for message passing. Based on the sampled nodes, we dynamically predict node-dependent filter weights and the affinity matrix for propagating information between them. This formulation allows us to design a self-attention module, and more importantly a new Transformer-based backbone network, that we use for both image classification pretraining, and for addressing various downstream tasks (e.g. object detection, instance and semantic segmentation). Using this model, we show significant improvements with respect to strong, state-of-the-art baselines on four different tasks. Our approach also outperforms fully-connected graphs while using substantially fewer floating-point operations and parameters. Code and models will be made publicly available at https://github.com/fudan-zvg/DGMN2.
Apremilast and biologics: Characteristics of patients treated with apremilast before, during, or after a biological treatment

Apremilast is an oral small molecule approved for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and oral ulcers associated with Behçet's disease. This research was conducted to describe the characteristics of patients who received treatment with apremilast for a skin disorder, either before, during, or after a biological treatment, with the aim of analyze the reasons that lead to start this drug in real clinical practice or suspend it for another. A total of 41 patients were enrolled: nine (22.0%) had received biological treatment prior to apremilast, seven (17.0%) both before and after apremilast and 25 (61.0%) after apremilast. One patient received concomitant treatment with adalimumab and apremilast. Most patients (85.4%) received apremilast as treatment for psoriasis. Reasons for starting apremilast were lack of efficacy with previous treatments (85.4%) and adverse effects or contraindication to previous treatments (14.6%), without statistically significant differences between patients who had received a previous biologic and those who had not. Drug survival was not influenced by previous biological treatment, but we found an increased risk of drug discontinuation in patients with chronic kidney disease (log‐rank p = 0.028). The main reason of apremilast withdrawal was lack of adequate disease control (60.0%), most of whom required treatment with biologics. Therefore, despite the extensive development of new therapies for psoriasis and other dermatological conditions, apremilast is a widely used drug even in patients who are candidates for biologic treatment. Its initiation is more frequent due to poor disease control than because of other therapies contraindications.
Maxillary overdentures supported by four or six implants in the anterior region: 10‐year randomized controlled trial results

Abstract Aim To evaluate bar‐supported maxillary implant overdenture treatment when supported by either four or six implants after 10 years. Materials and Methods Edentulous subjects with maxillary denture complaints and ample bone volume to facilitate implants in the anterior region of the maxilla were planned for implant overdenture treatment, randomized to receive either four implants (n = 25) or six implants (n = 25) and subsequently evaluated after 10 years of function. Outcome variables included peri‐implant bone‐level changes, implant and overdenture survival, complications, presence of plaque, calculus and bleeding, degree of peri‐implant inflammation, probing depth and patient satisfaction. Differences between the groups and between evaluation periods were tested with a Student's t‐test. Results Fourteen patients with totally 72 implants were lost to follow‐up. Two patients from the six‐implant group experienced implant loss (four implants), resulting in 96.1% implant survival in this group versus 100% survival in the four‐implant group. Clinical, radiographical and patient‐reported outcome measures did not differ statistically significant between the two groups. Patients from both groups were generally quite satisfied with the result after 10 years. Conclusions Similar and favourable outcomes are seen in bar‐supported maxillary overdentures on either four or six anteriorly placed implants after a 10‐year evaluation period.
Rats and the city: Implications of urbanization on zoonotic disease risk in Southeast Asia

Significance Urbanization is rapidly transforming Southeast Asia, altering the landscape and the interactions between people, animals, and the environment. These changes have the potential to exacerbate many existing health challenges in the region, including those posed by zoonoses. Here, we used a novel, multidisciplinary, ecosystem-level approach to examine the influence of urbanization on zoonotic disease risk in a Southeast Asian city. We infer that urbanization alters the ecology of animal reservoirs, arthropod vectors, and pathogens in a manner that may increase transmission risk from multiple zoonotic diseases in urban areas. This effect was particularly strong for pathogens associated with environmental or tick-borne transmission, providing targets for the development of low-cost interventions to reduce zoonotic disease risk in tropical cities.
Premium intraocular lenses in children

Multifocal and toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) or the so-called premium IOLs are currently widely used in adult patients as a one-step refractive solution following cataract surgery. However, the decision to implant a premium IOL in a pediatric patient involves multiple factors affecting the child’s visual development and is associated with several dilemmas and surgical challenges. The purpose of this review is to summarize these factors and analyse the influence of each of them on the visual outcomes following premium IOL implantation. A review of literature was conducted using the relevant keywords from various databases until 31st January 2022. All pertinent studies with multifocal or toric IOL implantation in children were reviewed, and relevant articles were studied in detail for age, IOL power calculation, visual outcomes (refractive outcomes, contrast sensitivity and stereopsis) and complications such as dysphotic phenomena and others. A total of 17 relevant studies (10 case series/interventional studies and 7 case reports) on the subject were included. All studies showed a favourable refractive outcome; however, the data available was significantly less. Studies with earlier models of multifocal IOLs showed a higher incidence of IOL decentration and posterior capsule opacification; however, more recent studies with newer IOL models showed much better safety profiles. Toric IOLs showed promising results in all the studies evaluated. Premium IOLs have shown promising results in the pediatric age group. However, their long-term outcomes specifically concerning refractive shift, capsular contraction and role in the management of amblyopia needs to be explored further.
Sphingosine kinases regulate ER contacts with late endocytic organelles and cholesterol trafficking

Significance Sphingolipids and cholesterol are important constituents of membranes. Very little is known how their metabolism is cross-regulated and how this affects membrane contact sites (MCS) that control lipid traffic. Here, we report deletion of sphingosine kinases (SphKs) that decreases S1P with concomitant increases in its precursors sphingosine and ceramide, reduced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts with late endocytic organelles leading to accumulation of free cholesterol there. Surprisingly however, cholesterol transport to the ER was not reduced as deletion of SphKs promoted recruitment of cholesterol transfer protein Aster-B to the plasma membrane (PM) to facilitate transfer of cholesterol from the PM to the ER. Thus, SphKs and sphingolipid metabolites govern diverse MCS with the ER to control the movement of cholesterol between distinct cell membranes.
The oncogenic transcription factor FOXQ1 is a differential regulator of Wnt target genes.

The forkhead box transcription factor FOXQ1 contributes to the pathogenesis of carcinomas. In colorectal cancers, FOXQ1 promotes tumour metastasis by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells. FOXQ1 may exacerbate cancer by activating the oncogenic Wnt/-catenin signalling pathway. However, the role of FOXQ1 in the Wnt pathway remains to be resolved. Here, we report that FOXQ1 is an activator of Wnt-induced transcription and regulator of b-catenin target gene expression. Upon Wnt pathway activation, FOXQ1 synergises with the b-catenin nuclear complex to boost the expression of major Wnt targets. In parallel, we find that FOXQ1 controls the differential expression of various Wnt target genes in a b-catenin-independent manner. Using RNA sequencing of colorectal cancer cell lines, we show that Wnt signalling and FOXQ1 converge on a transcriptional program linked to EMT and cell migration. Additionally, we demonstrate that FOXQ1 occupies Wnt-responsive elements in b-catenin target gene promoters and recruits a similar set of co-factors as the b-catenin-associated transcription factor Tcf7l1. Taken together, our results indicate a multifaceted role of FOXQ1 in Wnt/b-catenin signalling, which may drive the metastasis of colorectal cancers.
Effect of Anchor Density on Functional Outcomes After Arthroscopic Hip Labral Repair

Background: While labral repair has been widely adopted as the first line treatment for labral injury during hip arthroscopy, there is no widespread consensus on the procedural technique, including the number of anchors that should be used to avoid recurrent instability and revision surgery. Purpose: To determine if anchor density can predict patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopic labral repair in the hip. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients aged 18 to 50 years who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery with labral repair between January 2011 and December 2016 were identified from a prospectively collected database. Exclusion criteria consisted of previous ipsilateral surgery, osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade >1), and severe cartilage defects (Outerbridge grade III/IV) or concomitant labral reconstruction, capsular reconstruction, or microfracture. Minimum 2-year patient-reported outcomes (modified Harris Hip Score [mHHS], Hip Outcome Score [HOS]–Activities of Daily Living [ADL], HOS–Sport Specific Subscale [SSS], 12-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-12]), rates of achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) for each score, revision surgery rate, and rate of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) were compared based on anchor density (number of anchors per millimeter of labral tear). Results: A total of 634 hips (575 patients) with a mean age of 30.4 ± 9.5 years (range, 18.0-49.9 years) met inclusion criteria. The mean labral tear size was 31 ± 11 mm (range, 2-70 mm) with a median number of anchors used for labral repair of 3 (range, 1-7) and mean anchor density of 0.11 ± 0.08 anchors (range, 0.03-1.33) per millimeter of labral tear. Hips with a minimum 2-year follow-up (451/634 [71.1%]) had significant improvements on the mHHS, HOS-ADL, HOS-SSS, and SF-12 Physical Component Summary (P < .001 for all). There was no significant correlation detected between anchor density or number of anchors used and postoperative scores (correlation coefficient range, –0.05 to 0.17; P > .05 for all). The rate of revision surgery was 6.4% (28 patients), with 8 hips found to have labral tears and/or deficiency on revision. Additionally, 6 hips (1.3%) had to undergo THA at a mean of 3.6 ± 2.1 years (range, 2.0-5.5 years). Conclusion: Anchor density did not have a correlation with postoperative outcomes, achieving the MCID or PASS, revision hip arthroscopic surgery, complications, or conversion to THA.
A Vision-Based Framework for Predicting Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease Gait Dysfunctions—A Deep Learning Approach

This study examined the effectiveness of a <bold>v</bold>ision-based framework <bold>for</bold> <bold>m</bold>ultiple <bold>s</bold>clerosis (MS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) gait dysfunction prediction. We collected gait video data from multi-view digital cameras during self-paced walking from MS, PD patients and age, weight, height and gender-matched healthy older adults (HOA). We then extracted characteristic 3D joint keypoints from the collected videos. In this work, we proposed a data-driven methodology to classify strides in persons with MS (PwMS), persons with PD (PwPD) and HOA that may generalize across different walking tasks and subjects. We presented a comprehensive quantitative comparison of 16 diverse traditional machine and deep learning (DL) algorithms. When generalizing from comfortable walking (W) to walking-while-talking (WT), multi-scale residual neural network achieved perfect accuracy and AUC for classifying individuals with a given gait disorder; for subject generalization in W trials, residual neural network resulted in the highest accuracy and AUC of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {78.1\%}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and 0.87 (resp.), and 1D convolutional neural network (CNN) had highest accuracy of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {75\%}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in WT trials. Finally, when generalizing over new subjects in different tasks, again 1D CNN had the top classification accuracy and AUC of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {79.3\%}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and 0.93 (resp.). This work is the first attempt to apply and demonstrate the potential of DL with a multi-view digital camera-based gait analysis framework for neurological gait dysfunction prediction. This study suggests the viability of inexpensive vision-based systems for diagnosing certain neurological disorders.
Spin and structural halo properties at high redshift in a LCDM Universe

In this paper, we examine in detail the key structural properties of high redshift dark matter haloes as a function of their spin parameter. We perform and analyze high resolution cosmological simulations of the formation of structure in a LCDM Universe. We study the mass function, ellipticities, shapes, density profiles, rotation curves and virialization for a large sample of dark matter haloes from z = 15 - 6. We also present detailed convergence tests for individual haloes. We find that high spin haloes have stronger clustering strengths (up to 25%) at all mass and redshift ranges at these early epochs. High redshift spherical haloes are also up to 50% more clustered than aspherical haloes. High spin haloes at these redshifts are also preferentially found in high density environments, and have more neighbors than their low spin counterparts. We report a systematic offset in the peak of the circular velocity curves for high and low spin haloes of the same mass. Therefore, estimating halo masses without knowledge of the spin, using only the circular velocity can yield errors of up to 40%. The strong dependence of key structural properties on spin that we report here likely have important implications for studies of star formation and feedback from these galaxies.
UNC13D inhibits STING signaling by attenuating its oligomerization on the endoplasmic reticulum

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an essential signaling protein that is located on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and triggers the production of type I interferons (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines in response to pathogenic DNA. Aberrant activation of STING is linked to autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms underlying homeostatic regulation of STING are unclear. Here, we report that UNC13D, which is associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL3), is a negative regulator of the STING‐mediated innate immune response. UNC13D colocalizes with STING on the ER and inhibits STING oligomerization. Cellular knockdown and knockout of UNC13D promote the production of interferon‐β (IFN‐β) induced by DNA viruses, but not RNA viruses. Moreover, UNC13D deficiency also increases the basal level of proinflammatory cytokines. These effects are diminished by an inhibitor of STING signaling. Furthermore, the domains involved in the UNC13D/STING interaction on both proteins are mapped. Our findings provide insight into the regulatory mechanism of STING, the previously unknown cellular function of UNC13D and the potential pathogenesis of FHL3.