Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adverse Drug Reactions of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Older People Living with Dementia: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Clinical Risk Management

: The rising of global geriatric population has contributed to increased prevalence of dementia. Dementia is a neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions, such as judgment, language, memory, attention and visuospatial ability. Dementia not only has profoundly devastating physical and psychological health outcomes, but it also poses a considerable healthcare expenditure and burdens. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), or so-called anti-dementia medications, have been developed to delay the progression of neurocognitive disorders and to decrease healthcare needs. AChEIs have been widely prescribed in clinical practice for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, which account for 70% of dementia. The rising use of AChEIs results in increased adverse drug reactions (ADRs) such as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal adverse effects, resulting from overstimulation of peripheral cholinergic activity and muscarinic receptor activation. Changes in pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacogenetics (PGx), and occurrence of drug interactions are said to be major risk factors of ADRs of AChEIs in this population. To date, comprehensive reviews in ADRs of AChEIs have so far been scarcely studied. Therefore, we aimed to recapitulate and update the diverse aspects of AChEIs, including the mechanisms of action, characteristics and risk factors of ADRs, and preventive strategies of their ADRs. The collation of this knowledge is essential to facilitate efforts to reduce ADRs of AChEIs.
A volume-limited sample of X-ray galaxy groups and clusters – III. Central abundance drops

We present the results of a search and study of central abundance drops in a volume-limited sample (z<=0.071) of 101 X-ray galaxy groups and clusters. These are best observed in nearby, and so best resolved, groups and clusters, making our sample ideal for their detection. Out of the 65 groups and clusters in our sample for which we have abundance profiles, 8 of them have certain central abundance drops, with possible central abundance drops in another 6. All sources with central abundance drops have X-ray cavities, and all bar one exception have a central cooling time <=1 Gyr. These central abundance drops can be generated if the iron injected by stellar mass loss processes in the core of these sources is in grains, which then become incorporated in the central dusty filaments. These, in turn, are dragged outwards by the bubbling feedback process in these sources. We find that data quality significantly affects the detection of central abundance drops, inasmuch as a higher number of counts in the central 20 kpc of a source makes it easier to detect a central abundance drop, as long as these counts are more than ~13000. On the other hand, the magnitude of the central abundance drop does not depend on the number of these counts, though the statistical significance of the measured drop does. Finally, in line with the scenario briefly outlined above, we find that, for most sources, the location of X-ray cavities acts as an upper limit to the location of the peak in the radial metallicity distribution.
ELECTRON INJECTION BY WHISTLER WAVES IN NON-RELATIVISTIC SHOCKS

Electron acceleration to non-thermal, ultra-relativistic energies (∼10–100 TeV) is revealed by radio and X-ray observations of shocks in young supernova remnants (SNRs). The diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism is usually invoked to explain this acceleration, but the way in which electrons are initially energized or “injected” into this acceleration process starting from thermal energies is an unresolved problem. In this paper we study the initial acceleration of electrons in non-relativistic shocks from first principles, using two- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulations. We systematically explore the space of shock parameters (the Alfvénic Mach number, MA, the shock velocity, vsh, the angle between the upstream magnetic field and the shock normal, θBn, and the ion to electron mass ratio, mi/me). We find that significant non-thermal acceleration occurs due to the growth of oblique whistler waves in the foot of quasi-perpendicular shocks. This acceleration strongly depends on using fairly large numerical mass ratios, mi/me, which may explain why it had not been observed in previous PIC simulations of this problem. The obtained electron energy distributions show power-law tails with spectral indices up to α ∼ 3–4. The maximum energies of the accelerated particles are consistent with the electron Larmor radii being comparable to that of the ions, indicating potential injection into the subsequent DSA process. This injection mechanism, however, requires the shock waves to have fairly low Alfénic Mach numbers, MA ≲ 20, which is consistent with the theoretical conditions for the growth of whistler waves in the shock foot (MA ≲ (mi/me)1/2). Thus, if the whistler mechanism is the only robust electron injection process at work in SNR shocks, then SNRs that display non-thermal emission must have significantly amplified upstream magnetic fields. Such field amplification is likely achieved by the escaping cosmic rays, so electron and proton acceleration in SNR shocks must be interconnected.
Carbon emissions over business cycles: the role of financial markets

Recessions associated with financial crises have become common in the US since 1990. This paper examines the importance of the financial frictions for US carbon emissions dynamics. Our empirical analysis reveals that financial market conditions have a substantial and nonlinear impact on carbon emissions dynamics. We build and estimate an environmental dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model that features financial frictions and a risk shock (a type of credit shock). The results show that: (i) the presence of financial frictions doubles the volatility of carbon emissions under positive TFP and government expenditure shocks; (ii) the risk shock generates counterfactual paths that can largely replicate the movements in emissions growth; (iii) the contribution share of the risk shock to emissions growth dynamics reaches a peak of around 50% after each recession; (iv) the optimal carbon tax rate response to shocks heavily depends on the Taylor rule specification. JEL Classification Numbers: Q50, Q51, E32, E44
Existence of the critical endpoint in the vector meson extended linear sigma model

The chiral phase transition of the strongly interacting matter is investigated at nonzero temperature and baryon chemical potential (μB) within an extended (2+1) flavor Polyakov constituent quark-meson model that incorporates the effect of the vector and axial vector mesons. The effect of the fermionic vacuum and thermal fluctuations computed from the grand potential of the model is taken into account in the curvature masses of the scalar and pseudoscalar mesons. The parameters of the model are determined by comparing masses and tree-level decay widths with experimental values in a χ2-minimization procedure that selects between various possible assignments of scalar nonet states to physical particles. We examine the restoration of the chiral symmetry by monitoring the temperature evolution of condensates and the chiral partners’ masses and of the mixing angles for the pseudoscalar η-η′ and the corresponding scalar complex. We calculate the pressure and various thermodynamical observables derived from it and compare them to the continuum extrapolated lattice results of the Wuppertal-Budapest collaboration. We study the T-μB phase diagram of the model and find that a critical endpoint exists for parameters of the model, which give acceptable values of χ2.
Case Presentation Congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma - case report

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood and is very rare in the neonatal period. At this age, the alveolar type is a remarkably uncommon variety. We report a 56 days old female with alveolar RMS of the right eye noted since the age of 7 days with fast progression and unfavorable prognosis. Congenital alveolar RMS is an important cause of neonatal onset rapidly progressive proptosis. Early onset, alveolar type, and late diagnosis were poor prognostic factor.
The Impact of Leverage, Activity Ratio, and Market Value on Bond Rating

This research is a quantitative investigation of the impact of leverage, activity ratio, and market value on bond ratings. This study's sample employed the strategy of purposive sampling to acquire as many as 25 financial institutions listed by PEFINDO in 2018-2021, resulted in the number of data of 100. The research used a paned data regression analysis with a significance threshold of 0.05 Eviews version 12.0 to test the hypotheses. The results suggests that variable activity ratios with the Total Assets Turnover (TAT) proxy and market value with the Market to Book Value (MBV) proxy indicates a significant negative influence on the bond ratings of financial companies, whereas leverage with a Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) proxy indicates no significant influence. The suggestion that can be given is that the proxy used is not the best indicator for estimating PEFINDO's bond rating in making an appropriate assessment of bond issuance, so it is recommended to use another proxy that is more appropriate in measuring leverage, activity ratio, and market value.
SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS AND AGE ESTIMATES OF 104 M31 GLOBULAR CLUSTERS

We present photometry of 104 M31 globular clusters (GCs) and GC candidates in 15 intermediate-band filters of the Beijing–Arizona–Taiwan–Connecticut photometric system. The GCs and GC candidates were selected from the Revised Bologna Catalog (v.3.5). We obtain the cluster ages by comparing the photometric data with up-to-date theoretical synthesis models. The photometric data used are Galaxy Evolution Explorer far- and near-ultraviolet and Two Micron All Sky Survey near-infrared JHKs magnitudes, combined with optical photometry. The ages of our sample clusters cover a large range, although most clusters are younger than 10 Gyr. Combined with the ages obtained in our series of previous papers focusing on the M31 GC system, we present the full M31 GC age distribution. The M31 GC system contains populations of young and intermediate-age GCs, as well as the “usual” complement of well-known old GCs, i.e., GCs of similar age as the majority of the Galactic GCs. In addition, young GCs (and GC candidates) are distributed nearly uniformly in radial distance from the center of M31, while most old GCs (and GC candidates) are more strongly concentrated.
CCID_A_375472 2143..2152

Purpose: Xerosis and pruritus are common chronic dermatological disorders among dialysis and diabetic patients that are frequently underdiagnosed or neglected, which can impact the quality of life of these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a specific dermo-cosmetic product in the treatment of dry skin and pruritus associated with dialysis and diabetes. Patients and Methods: Twenty-nine dialysis patients (mean age 62 years) and 40 diabetic patients (mean age 57 years, 88% type 2) were included in two different single-center open-label uncontrolled clinical trials. All patients presented skin dryness according to the Scaling Roughness Redness and Cracks (SRRC) scale, and pruritus and/or insomnia. They applied the dermo-cosmetic product MediSecure Atoderm Xereane (NAOS, Laboratoire Bioderma) once or twice a day. The clinical efficacy (SRRC, pruritus, and insomnia), the skin-related quality of life (Dermatological Life Quality Index, DLQI), and the subjective efficacy were assessed at the inclusion visit and after 28 days of product application, as well as the safety. Results: After 28 days of application, the product significantly reduced the SRRC global score of 83% (0.9±0.8 vs 5.1±1.2) and 66% (1.4±1.2 vs 4.2±0.5), pruritus intensity of 76% (1.1±1.3 vs 4.6±2.1) and 78% (0.9±1.7 vs 4.2±2.6), and insomnia intensity of 61% (0.9 ±1.3 vs 2.4±2.3) and 82% (0.9±1.7 vs 4.8±2.7) in dialysis and diabetic patients, respectively. Furthermore, the product’s application led to an improvement of the skin-related quality of life of 50% (5.4 vs 2.7; p<0.0001) in dialysis patients and 71% (6.6 vs 1.9; p<0.0001) in diabetic patients at D28. In addition, the product was greatly appreciated by all patients for its soothing, comforting, repairing, nourishing, and hydrating effects and was very well tolerated by the entire panels. Conclusion: This specific dermo-cosmetic product significantly reduces skin dryness, pruritus, and insomnia in dialysis and diabetic patients, thereby greatly improves their skin-related quality of life. By managing and avoiding bothersome symptoms associated with their disease or treatment, this ecobiological dermo-cosmetic can prevent serious complications that constitute a substantial burden on their daily life.
THE REVERBERATION LAG IN THE LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY H1743-322

The evolution of the inner accretion flow of a black hole X-ray binary during an outburst is still a matter of active research. X-ray reverberation lags are powerful tools for constraining disk–corona geometry. We present a study of X-ray lags in the black hole transient H1743-322. We compared the results obtained from analysis of all the publicly available XMM-Newton observations. These observations were carried out during two different outbursts that occurred in 2008 and 2014. During all the observations the source was caught in the hard state and at similar luminosities ( ). We detected a soft X-ray lag of ∼60 ms, most likely due to thermal reverberation. We did not detect any significant change of the lag amplitude among the different observations, indicating a similar disk–corona geometry at the same luminosity in the hard state. On the other hand, we observe significant differences between the reverberation lag detected in H1743-322 and in GX 339-4 (at similar luminosities in the hard state), which might indicate variations of the geometry from source to source.
Tunable and direction-dependent group velocities in topologically protected edge states

Topological effects continue to fascinate physicists since more than three decades. One of their main applications are high-precision measurements of the resistivity. We propose to make also use of the spatially separated edge states. It is possible to realize strongly direction-dependent group velocities. They can also be tuned over orders of magnitude so that robust delay lines and interference devices are within reach.
Convergence des suites adaptées multivoques : Application à la loi forte des grands nombres multivoque

Dans ce travail, on donne une nouvelle demonstration de la loi forte des grands nombres multivoque, a partir des techniques de convergence des martingales renversees. On etudie le lemme de fatou, et on etablit un theoreme de convergence dominee au sens de kuratowski relativement a la topologie faible, pour des multifonctions pettis-integrables
INTERACTION OF CLOSE-IN PLANETS WITH THE MAGNETOSPHERE OF THEIR HOST STARS. II. SUPER-EARTHS AS UNIPOLAR INDUCTORS AND THEIR ORBITAL EVOLUTION

Planets with several Earth masses and orbital periods of a few days have been discovered through radial velocity and transit surveys. Regardless of their formation mechanism, an important evolution issue is the efficiency of their retention in the proximity of their host stars. If these “super-Earths” attained their present-day orbits during or shortly after the T Tauri phase of their host stars, a large fraction of these planets would have encountered an intense stellar magnetic field. These rocky planets have a higher conductivity than the atmosphere of their host stars and, therefore, the magnetic flux tube connecting them would slip though the envelope of the host stars faster than across the planets. The induced electromotive force across the planet's diameter leads to a potential drop which propagates along a flux tube away from the planet with an Alfvén speed. The foot of the flux tube would sweep across the stellar surface and the potential drop across the field lines drives a DC current analogous to that proposed for the electrodynamics of the Io–Jupiter system. The ohmic dissipation of this current produces potentially observable hot spots in the star envelope. It also heats the planet and leads to a torque which drives the planet's orbit to evolve toward both circularization and a state of synchronization with the spin of the star. The net effect is the damping of the planet's orbital eccentricity. Around slowly (or rapidly) spinning stars, this process also causes rocky planets with periods less than a few days to undergo orbital decay (or expansion/stagnation) within a few Myr. In principle, this effect can determine the retention efficiency of short-period hot Earths. We also estimate the ohmic dissipation interior to these planets and show that it can lead to severe structure evolution and potential loss of volatile material in them. However, these effects may be significantly weakened by the reconnection of the induced field.
Fundamental Parameters of Four Massive Eclipsing Binaries in Westerlund 1

Abstract We present fundamental parameters of four massive eclipsing binaries in the young massive cluster Westerlund 1. The goal is to measure accurate masses and radii of their component stars, which provide much needed constraints for evolutionary models of massive stars. Accurate parameters can further be used to determine a dynamical lower limit for the magnetar progenitor and to obtain an independent distance to the cluster. Our results confirm and extend the evidence for a high mass for the progenitor of the magnetar.
From causal dynamical triangulations to astronomical observations

This letter discusses phenomenological aspects of dimensional reduction predicted by the Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) approach to quantum gravity. The deformed form of the dispersion relation for the fields defined on the CDT space-time is reconstructed. Using the Fermi satellite observations of the GRB 090510 source we find that the energy scale of the dimensional reduction is 0.7 \sqrt{4-d_{\text{UV}}} \cdot 10^{10}\ \text{GeV}$ ? > at (95% CL), where is the value of the spectral dimension in the UV limit. By applying the deformed dispersion relation to the cosmological perturbations it is shown that, for a scenario when the primordial perturbations are formed in the UV region, the scalar power spectrum , where . Here, r is the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We find that within the considered model, the predicted from CDT deviation from the scale invariance is in contradiction with the up to date Planck and BICEP2.
Turbulence in a skewed three‐dimensional wall‐bounded shear flow: effect of mean vorticity on structure modification

Mean‐flow three‐dimensionalities affect both the turbulence level and the coherent flow structures in wall‐bounded shear flows. A tailor‐made flow configuration was designed to enable a thorough investigation of moderately and severely skewed channel flows. A unidirectional shear‐driven plane Couette flow was skewed by means of an imposed spanwise pressure gradient. Three different cases with 8°, 34°and 52°skewing were simulated numerically and the results compared with data from a purely two‐dimensional plane Couette flow. The resulting three‐dimensional flow field became statistically stationary and homogeneous in the streamwise and spanwise directions while the mean velocity vector V and the mean vorticity vector Ω remained parallel with the walls. Mean flow profiles were presented together with all components of the Reynolds stress tensor. The mean shear rate in the core region gradually increased with increasing skewing whereas the velocity fluctuations were enhanced in the spanwise direction and reduced in the streamwise direction.
NSS_A_377114 1753..1767

1Department of Psychology and the Center for Psychobiological Research, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley, Israel; 2Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; 3Nutritional Science Department, Tel Hai College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; 4Bioinformatics Service Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel; 5Clinical Research Unit, Clalit Health Services, Haifa, Israel; 6The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
Precipitation Nowcasting using Generative Adversarial Networks

Radar extrapolation-based methods and machine learning models typically produce blurry precipitation nowcasts, which are unrealistic. To overcome these limitations, previous research has developed a generative adversarial network to nowcast precipitation (AENN). The AENN combines a reconstruction loss with an adversarial loss. In this thesis we explore the use of GANs for nowcasting precipitation in the Netherlands. We compare the AENN model to the state-of-the-art extrapolation-based model S-PROG. Furthermore, we examine the impact of the adversarial loss by comparing two models with the same architecture, where one receives an adversarial loss and the other does not. Our results show that the adversarial loss reduces the blurriness of the nowcasts and increases the machine learning model’s performance for moderate to high rain intensities. Additionally, an extensive evaluation shows that the AENN model performs better at forecasting rain intensities below 2.0 mm/h than S-PROG and SPROG performs better at predicting moderate to heavy precipitation intensities above 2.0 mm/h. However, none of the models were found to be skillful at predicting moderate to heavy rainfall at a scale of 1 km at a lead time of 30 or more minutes. Further research should be done to improve the performance of the GAN on higher precipitation intensities by using a reconstruction loss that gives more weight to errors in heavy rainfall.
An Impact Review of Traditional Market Revitalization for Producers and Consumers: A Case Study of Surakarta Legi Market

Traditional markets are synonymous with a negative image seen from the physical aspects of building and Market management. The need to revitalize traditional markets always operates and competes with modern markets. This study examines the impact of market revitalization on producers and consumers. The impact can be measured from the concept of revitalization through stages that include physical intervention, management revitalization, economic rehabilitation and social revitalization. This research uses qualitative methods with Case Study Analysis. This study shows the impact of improved physical condition, facilities, and services after revitalization. However, with the zoning system after revitalization causing a decline in merchant income, zoning negatively affects the interaction between merchants and other merchants.
FORCE-FEEDING BLACK HOLES

We propose that the growth of supermassive black holes is associated mainly with brief episodes of highly super-Eddington infall of gas (“hyperaccretion”). This gas is not swallowed in real time, but forms an envelope of matter around the black hole that can be swallowed gradually, over a much longer timescale. However, only a small fraction of the black hole mass can be stored in the envelope at any one time. We argue that any infalling matter above a few percent of the hole's mass is ejected as a result of the plunge in opacity at temperatures below a few thousand degrees kelvin, corresponding to the Hayashi track. The speed of ejection of this matter, compared to the velocity dispersion σ of the host galaxy's core, determines whether the ejected matter is lost forever or returns eventually to rejoin the envelope, from which it can be ultimately accreted. The threshold between matter recycling and permanent loss defines a relationship between the maximum black hole mass and σ that resembles the empirical MBH–σ relation.