Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and tuber yield of coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.) under northern dry zone of Karnataka.

Coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.) belonging to the family Lamiaceae is an Indian medicinal herb (Valdes et al., 1987). It is the most important species of genus Coleus popularly known as ‘garmar’ in Maharastra and ‘makandiberu’ in Karnataka. It is cultivated to a limited extent in Maharastra, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and Karnataka, for the tuberous roots which are pickled and eaten (Anonymous, 1950), this is also used for the medicinal purposes mentioned in the Hindu and Ayurvedic schools of medicines (Ammon and Muller, 1985). C. forskohlii is the only known source of forskolin (De Souza and Shah, 1988). Though almost all parts of the plant are found to have traces of forskolin, the roots are the main source, containing 0.1 to 0.5 per cent and are commercially preferred for its extraction (Valdes et al., 1987). The tuber attachment region contains maximum (1.3 times higher) forskolin (Yanagihara, 1995). The forskolin is used in the treatment of congestive cardiomyopathy, hypertension and glaucoma (Seamon, 1984). Being the only source of the forskolin to this species, the indiscriminate collection of C. forskohlii from the wild has made the species vulnerable and it has been included in the list of endangered species (Vishwakarma et al., 1988). To protect these herbal medicinal plants in their habitat, systematic agro techniques need to be developed for such economically important medicinal crops. The cultural practices have not so far been standardized for commercial cultivation of C. forskohlii. Abstract : Coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.) belonging to the family Lamiaceae is an Indian medicinal plant grown for its tuberous roots. It is used against hypertension, glaucoma and congestive cardiomyopathy. It needs to be cultivated in large scale. A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil under irrigated conditions at the Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi, Karnataka, India, to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of coleus. The results of the experiment revealed that application of 75 Per cent RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizer) + 10 t FYM + vermicompost 5 t per hectare produced increased plant height (66.49cm), number of branches per plant (85.95), leaf area index (7.49) at harvest, absolute growth rate (3.394g/plant/day), crop growth rate (0.943g/m/day) and relative growth rate (0.0460g/g/week) were recorded at 120-160 days after planting. The maximum fresh tuber yield 225.47 and 250.52 g/plant and q/ha, respectively and dry tuber yield 29.53 and 32.81 g/plant and q/ha, respectively.
Evaluation of Novel Agents Which Target Neovasculature of Breast Tumors

Abstract : Biological studies examining the development of the vascular tree in normal development and in disease states have identified numerous cytokines and their receptors responsible for triggering and maintaining this process (1-7). Tumor neovascularization is central not only to the growth and development of the primary lesion but appears to be a critical factor in the development and maintenance of metastases (8-12). Clinical studies in bladder cancer (9) have demonstrated a correlation between micro-vessel density and metastases. In addition, studies of breast cancer metastases by Fox et al. and Aranda et al. (11-12) have demonstrated that microvessel count in primary tumors appears to be related to the presence of metastases in lymph nodes and micrometastases in bone marrow. The cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptors Flt-1 and KDR have been implicated as one of the central mediators of normal angiogenesis and tumor neovascularization (13-20). Up-regulation or over-expression of the KDR receptors or the VEGF-A ligand itself have been implicated as poor prognostic markers in various clinical studies of colon, breast and pituitary cancers (21-23). Recently, Padro et al. (24) have suggested that both VEGF-A and KDR may play a role in the neovascularization observed in bone marrow during AML tumor progression and may provide evidence that the VEGF/KDR pathway is important in leukemic growth.
Malaysian School English Language Teachers’ Perceptions on Teaching and Learning

Studies on school teachers’ perceptions toward teaching and learning have shown inconsistent results which call for further research in the area. This study was an attempt to investigate the perceptions of teachers towards Teaching and Learning of the English Language. A Likert scale questionnaire with 33 items was developed by the researchers. A randomly selected group of Malaysian School English language teachers (n = 165) responded to the questionnaire. The descriptive statistics results indicated that the Malaysian School English Language Teachers’ perceptions of teaching are mainly positive; such as having higher intrinsic interest in adopting teaching as profession, decreased tendency in perceiving Teaching as a stressful profession, understanding the significance of listening and speaking skills (commonly neglected skills), awareness of the advantages of having literature in the English classroom, showing interest in the knowledge about high frequency words and lexiles, and showing interest in knowing and understanding students’ interests and problems. However, teachers’ perceptions regarding the education system, resource adequacy, class size and in the teaching of the writing skill are negative in the analysis. The findings further indicate the teachers’ technology illiteracy and although they acknowledge the supportive role of books in teaching language skills they seem not to be positive on the use of textbooks in the English classroom. The results have interesting implications for policy makers and researchers.
CYTOCHROME OXIDASE SUBUNIT AND INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER MOLECULAR REVELATION OF INFECTION WITH FASCIOLA SP. IN FIELD- COLLECTED LYMNAEA NATALENSIS SNAILS

Fasciolosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases that negatively affect the farming industry and public health. The present study aimed to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detection of infection with Fasciola sp. in field-collected Lymnaea natalensis snails from two rural localities in Egypt; and to compare between it and the ordinary microscopic methods. A total of 1000 lymnaeid snails were collected, and then the samples were examined for the infection by crushing, cercarial shedding and molecular methods. The average sensitivity of microscopic methods compared to PCR was 56.15% and this gives the indication that the molecular techniques were highly sensitive, specific and reliable methods for detecting Fasciola sp. The study detected two genes; nuclear ribosomal central internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1856bp) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1 831bp). Gel electrophoresisshowed strong bands for these single snails' samples and confirmed the presence of infection in both localities. Molecular techniques gave sensitive, accurate identification of infection, established prevalence in endemic areas and planning time for proper control strategy.
Evolution of the arthropod mandible : a molecular developmental perspective

The mandible is thought to have evolved once in the ancestor to the mandibulate arthropods; the insects, crustaceans and myriapods. If the mandible is a homologous structure, it suggests that there will be shared developmental genes required to pattern the mandible in different species. As a representative of mandibulate arthropods, the red flour beetle Tribolium castanem was chosen to study genes required to pattern the mandible. This study show that the Tribolium orthologue of cap’n’collar (Tc cnc) patterns the mandible of Tribolium. Loss of Tc cnc function by RNA interference (RNAi) results in a transformation of the mandible to maxillary identity and deletion of the labrum. Analysis of gene expression by in situ hybridisation shows that Tc cnc represses the Tribolium orthologues of the Hox genes proboscipedia (pb) and Deformed (Dfd), which pattern the maxillary appendage. Similar expression patterns of cnc, Dfd and pb homologues in mandibulate arthropods suggests that the functions of these genes are conserved. As the mandible has evolved from a maxilla-like precursor in the ancestor to all mandibulate arthropods, the manner in which Tc cnc differentiates the mandible from a maxilla in Tribolium recapitulates the evolution of the mandible from a maxilla-like precursor. An orthologue of cnc was cloned from the spider Achaearanaea tepidariorum, chosen as an outgroup to the mandibulate arthropods, but no evidence of a developmental role was discovered. Study of the expression of genetic markers for appendage segments shows that the biting edge of the mandible is derived from one endite, and the mandible is divided into a subcoxa and coxa which are also present in the maxillary, labial and leg appendages. There are significant similarities in the expression of genetic markers that presumably indicate serial homology of the subcoxa and coxa of the mandible to the subcoxa and coxa of other appendages.
Investigation of coat colour affecting genes in several European rabbit breeds and other Leporid species.

Pigmentation in mammals is mainly determined by the distribution of pheomelanin and eumelanin pigments which produce red/yellow and dark phenotyp es, respectively. The relative amount of eumelanin and phaeomelanin in the melanocytes is co ntrolled primarily by two loci, the Extension and Agouti loci. Extension locus encodes the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). MC1R mutations have been identified to alter coat colour and pigment synthes is in several mammals. Analysing almost the complete coding region of the Oryctolagus cuniculus MC1R gene, we recently identified two mutations associated with red (recessive allele e of the Extension locus) or black ( E or E, dominant black or steel, weaker version of E) coat colours in different European rabbit breeds. Here we completed the sequence of the 953 bp coding region of the MC1R gene in O. cuniculus excluding the presence of additional common disrupting or functio nal mutations. Agouti locus encodes for the agouti signalling protein (ASIP). In European rabbit, clas sical studies have suggested the presence of three alleles at the Agouti locus: A (wild type allele), a (black and tan) and a (non-agouti). We sequenced the O. cuniculus ASIP exon 2 region and identified three mutations. Two ere synonymous substitutions and one was an insertion of 1 bp. Thi s insertion causes a frameshift of the translation suggesting that this mutation might be the molecula r basis of the recessive black non-agouti allele at the Agouti locus (a allele). Genotyping this mutation in a larger numb er of animals confirmed the fixation of the insertion in all animals of breeds with black/dark coat colour. In addition, MC1R gene and ASIP exon 2 were sequenced in other Leporid species obt aining useful information to study these two coat colour genes from an evolutionary point of view.
Lean Six Sigma Implementation: Does Success Means Sustainability?

Lean Six Sigma (LSS) has proven as an effective methodology and strategy for business success in both private and public sectors. LSS views business processes as engines that drive performance excellence and help to deliver business value. Hence LSS offers a comprehensible road map, tools and techniques for achieving superior process improvement for business success. However, prior researches of LSS were predominantly focused on the study of success factors for LSS implementation. Whereas, this research aims to explore does the LSS success factors still serve as the driving agents to sustain the continuation of LSS success through a case study on a company that had implemented LSS for 15 years (company D). Five LSS success factors are identified from literature review, which are Continuous Improvement Culture, Innovative Culture, Top Management Support, Employee LSS Knowledge and Communication. The study is quantitative based, the important level of each success factors and the perceived level of LSS project’s performance are assessed via survey questionnaire which answered by 50 engineers or managers from company D. Data are analysed via Person Correlation to gauge the correlation between the 5 LSS success factors and LSS project’s performance. Finding from the research suggests that LSS success factors Innovative Culture, Communication and Top Management Support which are commonly agreed by prior researchers as important factors for LSS implementation; are viewed by respondents via this research as factors that endorsing weak impact or correlation with LSS project’s performance. Outcome from the research implies that there is/are other underlying variable within the scope of Employee LSS Knowledge and Continuous Improvement Culture that contribute to the sustainability of LSS implementation which is worth for further study.
Human Governance: How Ethical Behaviour of Accountants can be Improved

This article reports the development of philosophy underpinning ethics education especially in the accounting field from the oldest systematic philosophers in western culture as a starting point to the current situation of teaching ethics and the suggestion of new direction by the installation of the concept of human governance. Compare to the oldest era, education in the era of industrial revolution emphasises on the development of technical skills and producing specialists and scientists. Postmodernism scholars find that schools in this era are not teaching humanities in ways conducive to cognitive development or respect for traditional knowledge and values. Consequently, critiques on this kind of education started emphasis in the late eighties and nineties. However, only after the Enron scandal, attention is given to develop long-term strategy to tackle the issue of unethical behaviour among accountants through stringent rules and regulation, code of ethics, ethics education and research. The need to adopt a new philosophy as a supplement in teaching ethics has arisen. This paper proposed to introduce the concept of human governance into accounting ethics education especially at university level. Additionally, this paper had also provided the overview of the concept of human governance.
Correlation of Test Anxiety and Working Memory: A Survey Study of Secondary School Students

This study was conducted to find a connection between test anxiety and working memory. All the students of secondary schools of Punjab were taken as population. A total of 504 students were drawn as a sample through stratified random sampling among which 252 were boys and 252 were girls. For data collection; two tests for working memory and a Likert scale for test anxiety were used. It is concluded from the results that there is a significant negative connection exist among test anxiety and working memory. The direction of relation indicates that if test anxiety amplifies it will lower the working memory and vice versa. Based on the findings the study proposed subsequent recommendations: 1) the prevailing system of common education may be more dynamic, motivating and skill-oriented. 2) Rote memorizing of material should be discouraged. 3) The curriculum of the secondary school may be upgraded and industrialized.
Genotipagem de isolados de Mycobacterium leprae de pacientes hansenianos do Brasil

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. After sequencing the genome of this pathogen, numerous efforts have been made to identify repetitive sequences with potential to differentiate isolates of M. leprae. Currently, VNTRs have been used in order to understand the genetic diversity of this pathogen in areas with high prevalence of leprosy. Another form of genetic polymorphism, namely single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), elucidated aspects related to the spread of leprosy in the world. In this study, the genetic variability of 292 M. leprae isolates from clinical leprosy patients from the north, northeast and southeast of the country, were analyzed for composition of 16 VNTRs and three SNPs. The genetic variability of different VNTRs was evaluated by MLVA (Multiple-locus VNTR analysis) using FLA (Fragment length analysis) while the SNPs were analyzed by RFLP-PCR and/or sequencing. The discriminatory power of 16 VNTRs was 0.999 and the AT dinucleotides and the GAA21 trinucleotide demonstrated the higher rates of allelic discrimination. In addition to the genotyping of isolates of M. leprae derived from skin biopsy samples, lymph fixed in ZN slides was also used as an alternative source to obtain DNA. By SNP typing, we observed the high prevalence of genotype 3, previously associated with Europeans, in the states of Rondonia, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. On the other hand, genotype 4, originating from Western Africa, was predominant in Pernambuco and Fortaleza. The presence of different genotypes and their prevalence in certain areas of Brazil is in accordance to the country’s history of colonization which reflects in the current ethnic composition of the population. Based on the VNTR and SNP profiles, six identical groups of two isolates each were identified: four from Ceara, one from Rondonia and another composed of samples from Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo. No association between patients from north and southeast of the country was established, however, most groups were composed by patients from the same state or geographic region. When performing an analysis of genotype similarity with patient data in groups from Ceara, we observed association of male gender and place of origin with M. leprae genotype grouping, suggesting these could be risk factors for transmission of leprosy. In this analysis, patients with leprosy relapse were also analyzed for four VNTRs and the results suggest the occurrence of re-infection or of bacterial population shift during disease relapse. The results of this study demonstrate that genotyping of M. leprae is an important tool to elucidate aspects of transmission and spread of disease in the world.
CARACTERÍSTICAS HEMATOLÓGICAS DE TELEÓSTEOS BRASILEIROS. IV. VARIÁVEIS DO JUNDIÁ Rhamdia quelen ( PIMELODIDAE) HAEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BRAZILIAN TELEOSTS.VI. PARAMETERS OF JUNDIÁ Rhamdia quelen (PIMELODIDAE)

The present paper describes haematological characteristics of jundia Rhamdia quelen Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 (Osteichthyes: Pimelodidae), reared in captivity. The average values of red blood cells count, hematocrit, hemoglobin rate, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and defense blood cells (leukocytes and thrombocytes), were determined. Identification and morphology of organic defense blood cells were reported. Thrombocytes and lymphocytes were the most frequent cells in slides blood of R. quelen. Linear regression analysis showed negative correlation between thrombocytes and lymphocytes percentual. The present results furnish normal blood values of R. quelen reared intensively, that assist in comparison to the other culture conditions.
Awareness and concern towards anesthesia among patients undergoing surgical procedure: A cross-sectional study at pre-anesthetic clinic of a Teaching Hospital

Background: With the advent of anesthesia, surgery is no longer a race against the clock and surgeons. Many studies in the past have demonstrated limited knowledge among patients about various aspects of anesthesia.Objectives: To assess the awareness and concern of elective surgical patients towards anesthesia.Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted over two months’ period in adult patients of age eighteen years and above. Two hundred surgical patients accessing services at the pre-anesthesia check-up clinic were interviewed using 12 questions assessing demographic characteristics, educational status and their knowledge about anesthesia.Results: Out of 200 patients, only 32% knew that anesthesiologists provide anesthesia. It was found that 63% didn’t have any knowledge about the types of anesthesia. The most common fear among the participants about anesthesia was the fear of pain during surgery.Conclusion: The study showed poor knowledge of patients regarding anesthesia.
Impact of certain endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents against sesame wilt disease

This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of some endophytic fungi, as biocontrol agents against sesame wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesame. Eleven fungal species belong to genus Fusarium was isolated from different localities in Sohag and Assiut governorates. All isolated species proved to be pathogenic on Giza-32 sesame cultivar. Twelve endophytic fungi isolates were isolated from some parts of various plants. The endophytic fungi isolates were tested for antagonistic activity by the dual culture and culture filtrate techniques. All endophytic fungal isolates were showed antagonistic activity againstthe causal pathogen in vitro. The endophytic Aspergillus niger was more antagonistic than other tested isolates toward the causal pathogenfollowed by A. clavatus, Penicillium chrysogenum and P. crustosum. All the tested fungal culture filtrates (FCF) were significantly affected the growth of the causal pathogen. FCF of Aspergillus terreusisolate at 20 % concentration displayed the greatest inhibitory action to the pathogen mycelia growth. Single application with endophytic fungi or combined with Trichoderma sp. were significantly deceased the disease severity (%) and increased the plant growth parameters such as shoot length, shoot weight, root weight and number of pods.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty vs Milligan and Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy

Introduction: Hemorrhoidectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures, and other treatments such as laser hemorrhoidectomy had been used as an alternative. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome and postoperation complications of treatment by laser compared with open hemorrhoidectomy. Materials and methods: In this randomized clinical trial (RCT), 85 cases with a second or third degree of hemorrhoids were assigned to two groups at random and followed for 6 months. Those patients in the intervention group were treated by laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) and those in the control group underwent Milligan and Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. At the end of follow-up, 80 cases remained in the trial on whom postoperative pain [visual analog scale (VAS)], complications, and quality of life according to the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire were studied. Data were analyzed using R 3.5. 1 software and p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The most common complaints were bleeding (57%) and pain (41%). Postoperative pain immediately and after 6 months was not significantly different between the two groups ( p > 0.05). No complications were seen in any groups in follow-up. All eight scales of SF-36 questionnaire, except general health, were significantly different in the two groups. Physical functioning was lower in patients who underwent LHP, whereas the patients’ quality of life in other scales was better in the laser group. The total score of SF-36 was 66.1 ± 3.6 and 56.0 ± 3.3 in laser and surgery groups, respectively ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Laser hemorrhoidectomy is a safe procedure, not associated with any excessive postoperative complications. It improves patients’ quality of life and can be a substitution of other surgical methods.