Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of radiotherapy in combination with first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score analysis

Aim To compare the efficacy and safety of radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy after achieving disease control from the first-line combination therapy of platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Methods This study retrospectively evaluated the patients with advanced LUSC treated with the combination of radiotherapy with immunotherapy and chemotherapy (ICRT group, n = 52) or immunotherapy and chemotherapy (ICT group, n = 63) as the first-line treatment from April 2018 to April 2022. Using propensity score matching (PSM), 50 pairs were created, while the confounders and bias were controlled. The objective response rate (ORR), duration of overall response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events were analyzed in the two groups. The PFS and OS were re-analyzed separately for patients treated with thoracic radiotherapy. Results After PSM, the median PFS (12.23 vs. 7.43 months; P <0.001) and median OS (19.7 vs. 12.9 months; P <0.001) were significantly longer in the ICRT group than those in the ICT group. Both the PFS and OS rates were also significantly higher in the ICRT group than those in the ICT group, except for the OS rates in the 6th and 12th months. The mDOR of the ICRT group patients (17.10 vs. 8.27 months; P <0.001) was significantly higher than that of the ICT group patients. The median PFS, median OS, and local control rate were significantly longer in the thoracic radiotherapy group than in the control group. Radiation pneumonia was the most common adverse effect after radiotherapy; however, no treatment-related deaths occurred. The Cox regression analysis showed that ECOG scores 0-1, presence of necrosis in the tumor, radiotherapy, and optimal efficacy better than the stable disease (SD) were independent factors, affecting the PFS, while the patients with recurrent post-operative, pre-treatment NLR, radiotherapy, and optimal efficacy better than SD were the independent factors, affecting the OS. Conclusions The combination of radiotherapy with systematic immunotherapy and chemotherapy for the advanced LUSC was effective with tolerable adverse effects.
Modeling Light Propagation in Luminescent Media

OF THE DISSERTATION This study presents physical, computational and analytical modeling approaches for light propagation in luminescent random media. Two different approaches are used, namely (i) a statistical approach: Monte-Carlo simulations for photon transport and (ii) a deterministic approach: radiative transport theory. Both approaches account accurately for the multiple absorption and reemission of light at different wavelengths and for anisotropic luminescence. The deterministic approach is a generalization of radiative transport theory for solving inelastic scattering problems in random media. We use the radiative transport theory to study light propagation in luminescent media. Based on this theory, we also study the optically thick medium. Using perturbation methods, a corrected diffusion approximation with asymptotically accurate boundary conditions and a boundary layer solution are derived. The accuracy and the efficacy of this approach is verified for a plane-parallel slab problem. In particular, we apply these two approaches (MC and radiative transport theory) to model light propagation in semiconductor-based luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). The computational results for both approaches are compared with each other and found to agree. The results of this dissertation present practical and reliable techniques to use for solving forward/inverse inelastic scattering problems arising in various research areas such as optics, biomedical engineering, nuclear engineering, solar science and material science.
The stability and transition of a two-dimensional jet

A study was made of the transition of a two-dimensional jet. In the region where laminar flow becomes unstable, two kinds of sinusoidal velocity fluctuation have been found; one is symmetrical and the other is anti-symmetrical with respect to the centre line of the jet. The fluctuations grow exponentially at first and develop into turbulence without being accompanied by abrupt bursts or turbulent spots. The response characteristics of laminar jets to artificial external excitation were investigated in detail by using sound as an exciting agent. The effect of excitation was seen to be most remarkable when the frequency of excitation coincides with that of self-excited sinusoidal fluctuations. Numerical solutions of equation of small disturbances superposed on laminar flow were obtained assuming the Reynolds number as infinity. Theoretical eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are in good agreement with experimental results, thus verifying the existence of a region of linear disturbance in the two-dimensional jet.
Combining dynamical and statistical ensembles

Aprediction accompanied by quantitative estimates of the likely forecast accuracy is inherently superiorto a single “best guess” forecast. Such estimates can be obtained by “dressing” a single forecast usinghistorical error statistics. Dressing ensemble forecasts is more complicated, as one wishes to avoiddouble counting forecast errors due, for example, to uncertainty in the initial condition when thatuncertainty is explicitly accounted for by the ensemble (which has been generated with multiple initialconditions). The economic value of dressed forecasts has been demonstrated by previous studies. Thispaper presents a method for dressing ensembles of any size, thus enabling valid comparisons to bemade between them. The method involves identifying the “best member” of an ensemble in a multidimensionalforecast space. The statistics of the errors of these best members are used to dress individualforecasts in an ensemble. The method is demonstrated using ECMWF ensemble forecasts, which arecompared with the ECMWF high-resolution best guess forecasts. It is shown that the dressed ECMWFensembles have skill relative to the dressed ECMWF best guess, even at the maximum lead time ofthe ECMWF forecasts (10 days). The approach should be applicable to general ensemble forecasts(initial condition, multi-model, stochastic model etc.), allowing better informed decisions on forecastaquisition and forecast system development.
Robust Control Design: An Optimal Control Approach

Preface. Notation. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Systems and Control 1.2 Modern Control Theory 1.3 Stability 1.4 Optimal Control 1.5 Optimal Control Approach 1.6 Kharitonov Approach 1.7 H- and H2 Control 1.8 Applications 1.9 Use of This Book 2 Fundamentals of Control Theory. 2.1 State Space Model 2.2 Responses of Linear Systems 2.3 Similarity Transformation 2.4 Controllability and Observability 2.5 Pole Placement by State Feedback 2.6 Pole Placement Using Observer 2.7 Notes and References 2.8 Problems 3 Stability Theory. 3.1 Stability and Lyapunov Theorem 3.2 Linear Systems 3.3 Routh-Hurwitz Criterion 3.4 Nyquist Criterion 3.5 Stabilizability and Detectability 3.6 Notes and References 3.7 Problems 4 Optimal Control and Optimal Observers. 4.1 Optimal Control Problem 4.2 Principle of Optimality 4.3 Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation 4.4 Linear Quadratic Regulator Problem 4.5 Kalman Filter 4.6 Notes and References 4.7 Problems 5 Robust Control of Linear Systems. 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Matched Uncertainty 5.3 Unmatched Uncertainty 5.4 Uncertainty in the Input Matrix 5.5 Notes and References 5.6 Problems 6 Robust Control of Nonlinear Systems. 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Matched Uncertainty 6.3 Unmatched Uncertainty 6.4 Uncertainty in the Input Matrix 6.5 Notes and References 6.6 Problems 7 Kharitonov Approach. 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Preliminary Theorems 7.3 Kharitonov Theorem 7.4 Control Design Using Kharitonov Theorem 7.5 Notes and References 7.6 Problems 8 H and H2 Control. 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Function Space 8.3 Computation of H2 and H- Norms 8.4 Robust Control Problem as H2 and H- Control Problem 8.5 H2/H- Control Synthesis 8.6 Notes and References 8.7 Problems 9 Robust Active Damping. 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Problem Formulation 9.3 Robust Active Damping Design 9.4 Active Vehicle Suspension System 9.5 Discussion 9.6 Notes and References 10 Robust Control of Manipulators. 10.1 Robot Dynamics 10.2 Problem Formulation 10.3 Robust Control Design 10.4 Simulations 10.5 Notes and References 11 Aircraft Hovering Control. 11.1 Modelling and Problem Formulation 11.2 Control Design for Jet-borne Hovering 11.3 Simulation 11.4 Notes and References Appendix A: Mathematical Modelling of Physical Systems. References and Bibliography. Index.
APPLICATION OF /XI/-LIMITING PROCESS TO INTERMEDIATE BOSONS

The xi -limiting process discussed in the preceding paper is used to study the electromagnetic properties of the intermediate boson W plus or minus . Assuming that the limit xi yields 0 exists, it is found that, by a rearrangement of the perturbation series, the radiative correction to the quadrupole moment of W plus or minus can be calculated and is proportional to alpha ln alpha . Similar radiative corrections to the leptonic decay modes of W plus or minus , mu decay, and the BETA decay of a bare'' nucleon are also discussed. (auth)
Quantitative Analysis of Plasma Ablation Using Inverse Wire Array Z‐pinches

An inverse (exploding) wire array configuration, in which the wires form a cylinder around a current carrying electrode on axis, was used to study the ablation phase of the pinch. This configuration allows the parameters of the plasma from individual wires of the array to be measured as the ablated plasma streams propagate in the outward radial direction. The density distribution and the evolution of the natural mode of modulation of the ablation was measured with interferometry and soft x‐ray imaging. Measurements of the voltage across the array, which in this configuration is determined by the private magnetic flux around the individual wires, allows information on the localisation of the current to be obtained.
College Students' Stress Responses and Anxiety During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract:The purpose of this current study was twofold: first, to identify the potential ecological risk and resiliency factors that contribute to emerging adult college students' generalized anxiety, as well as physiological and depressive responses to stress during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic; second, to compare domestic and international college students' sources of stress, social supports, stress responses, and generalized anxiety. Results indicated elevated levels of generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms. Significant differences between international and domestic students were found in generalized anxiety, dating frustrations, and physiological responses to stress. Three separate multiple regressions on physiological responses to stress, depression, and generalized anxiety were conducted. Results and implications will be discussed.
Invariants for slightly heated decaying grid turbulence

Abstract The paper examines the validity of velocity and scalar invariants in slightly heated and approximately isotropic turbulence generated by passive conventional grids. By assuming that the variances $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle $ ($u$ and $\theta $ represent the longitudinal velocity and temperature fluctuations) decay along the streamwise direction $x$ according to power laws $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle \sim {(x- {x}_{0} )}^{{n}_{u} } $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle \sim {(x- {x}_{0} )}^{{n}_{\theta } } $ (${x}_{0} $ is the virtual origin of the flow) and with the further assumption that the one-point energy and scalar variance budgets are represented closely by a balance between the rates of change of $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle $ and the corresponding mean energy dissipation rates, the products $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle { \lambda }_{u}^{- 2{n}_{u} } $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle { \lambda }_{\theta }^{- 2{n}_{\theta } } $ must remain constant with respect to $x$. Here ${\lambda }_{u} $ and ${\lambda }_{\theta } $ are the Taylor and Corrsin microscales. This is unambiguously supported by previously available data, as well as new measurements of $u$ and $\theta $ made at small Reynolds numbers downstream of three different biplane grids. Implications for invariants based on measured integral length scales of $u$ and $\theta $ are also tested after confirming that the dimensionless energy and scalar variance dissipation rate parameters are approximately constant with $x$. Since the magnitudes of ${n}_{u} $ and ${n}_{\theta } $ vary from grid to grid and may also depend on the Reynolds number, the Saffman and Corrsin invariants which correspond to a value of $- 1. 2$ for ${n}_{u} $ and ${n}_{\theta } $ are unlikely to apply in general. The effect of the Reynolds number on ${n}_{u} $ is discussed in the context of published data for both passive and active grids.
Behaviors of the wedge-shaped gas-lubricated film using the finite difference lattice Boltzmann method

In this article, the finite difference lattice Boltzmann method (FDLBM) is successfully applied to analyze the hydrodynamic properties of the wedge-shaped gas film lubrication for the high speed micro gas bearings by comparing with the macroscopic methods (solving the modified Reynolds equation coupled with the simplified energy (modified Reynolds equation) and the Navier–Stokes equations coupled with the energy equation). By comparison, it is found that the vertical flow across the gas film can weaken the gas backflow and thus improves the gas film pressure, as the Navier–Stokes equation and FDLBM are used to analyze the wedge-shaped film lubrication. The continuum assumption in the macroscopic methods leads to a larger gas film pressure, compared with the value predicted by the FDLBM. And, the high temperature and speed enlarge this difference between them. Furthermore, the FDLBM provides a good warm-up for the multiscale simulation on the complex flow in the micro gas bearings.
A Momentum Exchange Model for the Surface Layer over Bare-Soil and Canopy-Covered Surfaces

Abstract A multilayered turbulent transport model for the surface layer based on collisions between atmospheric layers is developed. The model can represent the average and perturbed components of turbulence relatively well, for both bare-soil and canopy-covered surfaces. The number of collisions increases linearly with height for a bare-soil surface, and decreases as the leaf-area density increases within the canopy layer. The intermittent nature of turbulent motion is reproduced in the model, even though the model is one-dimensional. The number of collisions increasing with height may cause the intermittent nature of the turbulence and may also relate to the gust motions for canopy flow; such gusts transfer large momentum downward intermittently and cause a secondary maximum in wind velocity in the lower layer within the canopy. In other words, the model can include the large-eddy effect by considering the different number of collisions among layers. Turbulence data measured with an ultrasonic anemomete.
CONSERT suggests a change in local properties of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko's nucleus at depth

After the successful landing of Philae on the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, the Rosetta mission provided the first opportunity of performing measurements with the CONSERT tomographic radar in November 2014. CONSERT data were acquired during this first science sequence. They unambiguously showed that propagation through the smaller lobe of the nucleus was achieved. Aims. While the ultimate objective of the CONSERT radar is to perform the tomography of the nucleus, this paper focuses on the local characterization of the shallow subsurface in the area of Philae’s final landing site, specifically determining the possible presence of a permittivity gradient below the nucleus surface. Methods. A number of electromagnetic simulations were made with a ray-tracing code to parametrically study how the gradient of the dielectric constant in the near-subsurface affects the ability of CONSERT to receive signals. Results. At the 90 MHz frequency of CONSERT, the dielectric constant is a function of porosity, composition, and temperature. The dielectric constant values considered for the study are based on observations made by the other instruments of the Rosetta mission, which indicate a possible near-surface gradient in physical properties and on laboratory measurements made on analog samples. Conclusions. The obtained simulated data clearly show that if the dielectric constant were increasing with depth, it would have prevented the reception of signal at the CONSERT location during the first science sequence. We conclude from our simulations that the dielectric constant most probably decreases with depth.
The Phase Characterization of BaTiO3-LaCaMnO3 Complete Solid Solution and Its Physical Properties

Multiferroic material has become an extremely popular because of its coupling of different orders and the potential application in multifunctional devices. Herein we successfully prepared xBaTiO3-(1-x)La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 solid solution via sol gel method and traditional sintering process. The solid solution is single phase with perovskite phase and its homogenous microstructure was proved via SEM. A colossal positive magnetoresistant behavior (8% between 150 K and 180 K) was observed, beside the traditional negative magnetoresistant in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 based materials.
Neo-androgynous management: managing the English further education in an era of neoliberalism?

ABSTRACT The study draws on mixed methods research with further education middle managers across England in order to explore whether there are gendered differences in management. There remain debates about whether there are gender differences in management or leadership. The study adds to this debate with results that reveal that women and men are behaviourally flexible, employing a repertoire of knowledge, competencies and skills, which are not necessarily gendered, in order to manage change in an increasing neoliberal further education working environment. We therefore propose a novel theoretical contribution of neo-androgynous management, which suggests ‘undoing gender’ in management in an education sector that has seen increase in women’s employment.
Tutur: language and traditional communication in the Mandailing community, Indonesia

Abstract Tutur contains moral values, ethical, and good manners with very high spiritual values. This research used the communicative phenomenological method that is part of the qualitative method. The research was conducted at Pasar Maga Village, Lembah Sorik Merapi Sub-district, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatera Province. The data were gathered by conducting in-depth interviews, participatory observation, field notes, documentation, and literature study. The results showed that someone who has understood and applied the meaning of each Tutur can maintain harmony, concord, and intimacy in society. By mastering Tutur, the person will be able to select the right words and to place his interlocutors correctly according to their position and role.
Non-reflexive double triangles

Abstract A double triangle subspace lattice in a Hilbert space H is a 5-element set of subspaces of H, containing (0) and H, with each pair of non-trivial elements intersecting in (0) and spanning H. It is shown that if any pair of non-trivial elements has a closed vector sum the double triangle is both non-reflexive and non-transitive. A double triangle in H⊕H is an operator double triangle if each non-trivial elements is the graph of an operator acting on H. A sufficient condition is given for any operator double triangle to be non-reflexive.
Earth Mover's Distance Yields Positive Definite Kernels For Certain Ground Distances

Positive definite kernels are an important tool in machine learning that enable efficient solutions to otherwise difficult or intractable problems by implicitly linearizing the problem geometry. In this paper we develop a set-theoretic interpretation of the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) that naturally yields metric and kernel forms of EMD as generalizations of elementary set operations. In particular, EMD is generalized to sets of unequal size. We also offer the first proof of positive definite kernels based directly on EMD, and provide propositions and conjectures concerning what properties are necessary and sufficient for EMD to be conditionally negative definite. In particular, we show that three distinct positive definite kernels -- intersection, minimum, and Jaccard index -- can be derived from EMD with various ground distances. In the process we show that the Jaccard index is simply the result of a positive definite preserving transformation that can be applied to any kernel. Finally, we evaluate the proposed kernels in various computer vision tasks.
What if children affected by sleep disorder and aggression could regulate their emotions?

ABSTRACT The present study examined whether emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between aggressive behavior and sleep disorders in young children. Data were collected during pandemic via the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, the Aggression Tendency Scale and the Emotion Regulation Check List from 662 mothers with children aged 36–72 months. The data were tested with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and structural equation model analyses after the normality test. It was seen that there was a positive relationship between the aggressive behaviors of children and their sleep disorders. However, it was understood that both aggressive behaviors and sleep disorders of children had a negative and significant relationship with their emotion regulation skills. While children’s sleep disorders have an important predictive power in the emergence of aggressive behaviors, the mediating role of emotion regulation skills has eliminated the significance in this predictive power.
Did You Help? Intervening During Incidents of Sexual Assault Among College Student Bystanders

Abstract:Sexual assault continues to plague college campuses despite years of targeted intervention. Recent prevention efforts have focused on the role of bystanders in reducing rates. However, limited work has explored actual intervention behaviors as opposed to intentions to intervene or reasons why individuals might choose not to help. College students (N = 1219; aged 19–62; 66% women) completed an online survey assessing experiences as a bystander witnessing a sexual assault, willingness to intervene, helping behavior, and associated beliefs and attitudes (rape myth attitudes, perceived peer norms, perceived self-efficacy). Fifteen percent witnessed a recent situation that they believed involved sexual assault, and most students (69%) intervened. Lower rape myth endorsement, greater self-efficacy regarding intervening, and greater perceived norms that peers would intervene on behalf of a peer predicted willingness to intervene. A personal history of sexual assault and knowing of another's assault increased the odds of perceiving an assault was underway. Knowing the victim increased the odds of intervening for all groups except men. Reports were compared among students who identified as men, women, heterosexuals, and sexual minorities. This research advances our understanding of how common it is to witness sexual assault, who is willing to intervene, and cognitive–affective barriers to intervention among college students. Specific recommendations for practitioners and educators are provided.