Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the meaning of a new assistive technology device for older individuals

Abstract Researching the outcomes of assistive technology devices (ATDs) for older clients is important to facilitate clinical decision-making. However, to understand the outcomes associated with ATDs, one must investigate the users’ experiences and acknowledge the user as an active participant in diverse social contexts. Purpose: To enhance understanding of the users’ perspective regarding ATDs, this study aimed to investigate the meaning of the ATD for older individuals still living in their home environment. Methods: To provide descriptions of ATD experiences, older individuals who received a new ATD to compensate for their challenges in moving around, assist in self-care or both were recruited for the study. Participants were interviewed twice, with a few months between interviews, about their experience in using their new ATD. The interview transcripts were analyzed in a hermeneutical–phenomenological research approach. Results: The analysis revealed three recurring themes associated with the description of ATD experiences: “enabling performance and choice”, “transformation from requiring assistance to assisting others”, and “preparing for the future”. Conclusion: The results show that ATDs are used to enhance competence, mastery, control, self-worth, hope, and preparedness. The ATD service delivery should be client-centered and the client should be acknowledged as an active participant in producing change. Implications for Rehabilitation Researching outcomes of assistive technology devices are complicated and should involve the user experience. Assistive technology devices does not have to be used in concrete actions to involve meaning for the user. Health care professionals should be sensitive towards the meaning dimensions of the assistive technology devices as experienced by the user throughout the service delivery process.
Cumulative clinical experience from over a decade of use of levofloxacin in community-acquired pneumonia: critical appraisal and role in therapy

: Levofloxacin is the synthetic L -isomer of the racemic fluoroquinolone, ofloxacin. It interferes with critical processes in the bacterial cell such as DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerases. Levofloxacin has broad spectrum activity against several causative bacterial pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Oral levofloxacin is rapidly absorbed and is bioequivalent to the intravenous formulation such that patients can be conveniently transitioned between these formulations when moving from the inpatient to the outpatient setting. Furthermore, levofloxacin demonstrates excellent safety, and has good tissue penetration maintaining adequate concentrations at the site of infection. The efficacy and tolerability of levofloxacin 500 mg once daily for 10 days in patients with CAP are well established. Furthermore, a high-dose (750 mg) and short-course (5 days) of once-daily levofloxacin has been approved for use in the US in the treatment of CAP, acute bacterial sinusitis, acute pyelonephritis, and complicated urinary tract infections. The high-dose, short-course levofloxacin regimen maximizes its concentration-dependent antibacterial activity, decreases the potential for drug resistance, and has better patient compliance.
PRC2 regulates RNA polymerase III transcribed non-translated RNA gene transcription through EZH2 and SUZ12 interaction with TFIIIC complex

Polycomb repression complex 2 (PRC2) component EZH2 tri-methylates H3K27 and exerts epigenetic repression on target gene expression. EZH2-mediated epigenetic control of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcribed coding gene transcription has been well established. However, little is known about EZH2-mediated epigenetic regulation of RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcription. Here we present a paradigm that EZH2 is involved in the repression of Pol III transcription via interaction with transcriptional factor complex IIIC (TFIIIC). EZH2 and H3K27me3 co-occupy the promoter of tRNATyr, 5S rRNA and 7SL RNA genes. Depletion of EZH2 or inhibition of EZH2 methyltransferase activity led to upregulation of Pol III target gene transcription. EZH2-mediated repression of Pol III transcribed gene expression requires presence of SUZ12. SUZ12 was able to interact with TFIIIC complex and knockdown of SUZ12 decreased occupancy of EZH2 and H3K27me3 at the promoter of Pol III target genes. Our findings pointed out a previously unidentified role of PRC2 complex in suppressing transcription of Pol III transcribed non-translated RNA genes, putting Pol III on a new layer of epigenetic regulation.
Subduction, collision and exhumation in the ultrahigh-pressure Qinling-Dabie orogen

Abstract High-pressure metamorphism and ophiolite emplacement (Songshugou ophiolite) attended suturing of the Yangtze craton to Rodinia during the c. 1.0 Ga Grenvillian orogeny. The Qinling microcontinent then rifted from the Yangtze craton at c. 750 Ma. The Erlangping intraoceanic arc formed in the Early Ordovician, was emplaced onto the Qinling microcontinent in the Ordovician-Silurian, and then both units were accreted to the Sino-Korea craton before being stitched together by the c.400 Ma Andean-style Qinling arc. Subsequent subduction beneath the Qinling-Sino-Korean plate created a Devonian-Triassic accretionary wedge that includes eclogites, and formed a coeval volcano-plutonic arc that stretches from the Longmen Shan to Korea. In the Late Permian-Early Triassic, the northern edge of the South China Block was subducted to >150 km depth, creating the diamond- and coesite-bearing eclogites of the Dabie and Sulu areas. Exhumation from the mantle by lithosphere-scale extension occurred between 245 and 195 Ma during clockwise rotation of the craton. The Yangtze-Sino-Korea suture locally lies tens of km north of the exhumed UHP-HP part of the South China Block, implying perhaps that the very tip of the South China Block was not subducted, or that the UHP-HP rocks rose as a wedge that peeled the upper crust of the unsubducted South China Block from the lower crust. The Tan-Lu fault is an Early Cretaceous to Cenozoic feature. The apparent offset of the Dabie and Sulu UHP terranes by the Tan-Lu fault is a result of this Cretaceous to Cenozoic faulting combined with post-collisional extension north of Dabie.
Minimally invasive surgery for Achilles tendon pathologies

Minimally invasive trauma and orthopedic surgery is increasingly common, though technically demanding. Its use for pathologies of the Achilles tendon (AT) hold the promise to allow faster recovery times, shorter hospital stays, and improved functional outcomes when compared to traditional open procedures, which can lead to difficulty with wound healing because of the tenuous blood supply and increased chance of wound breakdown and infection. We present the recent advances in the field of minimally invasive AT surgery for tendinopathy, acute ruptures, chronic tears, and chronic avulsions of the AT. In our hands, minimally invasive surgery has provided similar results to those obtained with open surgery, with decreased perioperative morbidity, decreased duration of hospital stay, and reduced costs. So far, the studies on minimally invasive orthopedic techniques are of moderate scientific quality with short follow-up periods. Multicenter studies with longer follow-up are needed to justify the long-term advantages of these techniques over traditional ones.
Asentamientos y pueblos indios desaparecidos en Los Altos de Jalisco durante el virreinato Missing settlements and indigenous villages in Los Altos de Jalisco during the viceroyalty

En este trabajo se analiza la desaparicion de pueblos indigenas durante el periodo colonial en la region de Los Altos de Jalisco. Diversos autores han analizado la catastrofica disminucion de la poblacion indigena a raiz de la llegada de los europeos al continente americano; sin embargo, al menos para el occidente de Mexico no hay estudios detallados que describan la redistribucion del espacio luego de dicha perdida de habitantes. Tal situacion es aun mas evidente para el caso de Los Altos de Jalisco, donde, a pesar de que se han llevado a cabo gran cantidad de estudios para entender la propiedad ranchera como forma tipica de asentamiento local, los antiguos pueblos indios del area han pasado casi inadvertidos, de ahi la relevancia del presente analisis. Abstract: This paper deals with the disappearance of indigenous villages during the colonial period in the region of Los Altos de Jalisco. Several authors have analyzed the catastrophic decline of this population following the arrival of the Europeans to the Americas; however, at least for western Mexico there are no detailed studies that address the redistribution of space after the loss of population. Such a situation is even more obvious in the case of Los Altos de Jalisco, where, although there have been many studies aiming to understand the ranch property as a typical local settlement, the ancient indigenous villages in the area have been almost unnoticed, hence the relevance of this analysis.
Onset conditions of bubbles and blobs: A case study on 2 March 2009

The onset conditions for bubbles and blobs are investigated by analyzing the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System satellite/Coupled Ion‐Neutral Dynamics Investigation instrument data on 2 March 2009. A series of bubbles and blobs are detected in the longitude regions 180°–240°E and 240°–295°E, respectively. Bubbles are detected at low latitudes before midnight. Blobs are detected at 14°–25° magnetic latitude, between 2300 and 0500 LT in the altitude range of 400–480 km. The distinguishing feature in the longitude region where bubbles are detected is an enhancement in background plasma density with respect to that in the longitude region where bubbles are absent. Blobs are detected in a longitude region where fluctuations in the plasma density exist over a broad latitude range. The total ion density (and O+ density) and H+ density perturbations are in‐phase at the locations of bubbles and out of phase at the locations of blobs. Bubbles are not detected in the longitude region where blobs are detected. The different characteristics of bubbles and blobs and their creation under different geophysical conditions indicate that creation of blobs need not be associated with bubbles.
Crystal structure of Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS‐CoV‐2

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 is rapidly spreading around the world. There is no existing vaccine or proven drug to prevent infections and stop virus proliferation. Although this virus is similar to human and animal SARS- and MERS-CoVs the detailed information about SARS-CoV-2 proteins structures and functions is urgently needed to rapidly develop effective vaccines, antibodies and antivirals. We applied high-throughput protein production and structure determination pipeline at the Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases to produce SARS-CoV-2 proteins and structures. Here we report the high-resolution crystal structure of endoribonuclease Nsp15/NendoU from SARS-CoV-2 – a virus causing current world-wide epidemics. We compare this structure with previously reported models of Nsp15 from SARS and MERS coronaviruses.
Global environmental agreements and local livelihoods: how the internationalisation of environmental resources shapes access to and control over wetland resources in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

This thesis examines how global environmental crisis narratives and discourses have influenced environmental policy and practice in conservation programmes for the Okavango Delta, Botswana. In particular, it highlights the contested nature of biodiversity conservation and the embedded power relations in the framing, definition and crafting of solutions to the problem of biodiversity degradation at local, national and international levels. The thesis therefore examines, based on these framings, the consequences of global environmental agreements, such as the Ramsar Convention and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, for local livelihoods in terms of access to and control over local environmental resources in the Okavango Delta. Using a political ecological conceptual lens and related literature on common pool resource management and community-based natural resource management, this thesis traces the changing perceptions, narratives and discourses relating to the Okavango Delta over time, and assesses how these have shaped changes in policy for the Delta’s use and management. It specifically analyses the implementation of international programmes and their role in facilitating these changes. Through an in-depth study of dynamic human-environment interactions around fisheries and other wetland resources, this thesis shows how international interventions have not only increased conflicts but also facilitated the strict regulation of these resources. The thesis therefore analyses how framing these and other common pool resources as being of ‘international significance’ alters control over them and affects the livelihood security of the local people that depend on these resources. It concludes that such restrictive conservation policies and management approaches have led to a transfer of control over wetland resources from local subsistence users to other, more powerful, commercial interests, especially those in the international tourism industry.
Tectonic evolution of the boundary between the Central Iberian and Ossa‐Morena zones (Variscan belt, southwest Spain)

Three tectonometamorphic units can be differentiated in the boundary between the Central Iberian and Ossa-Morena zones of the Iberian Massif (Variscan belt). The three units have been named the Northern Unit, Central Unit, and Southern Unit. The Northern Unit corresponds to the border of the Central Iberian Zone; it evolved at low-temperature and intermediate- or low-pressure metamorphic conditions and was affected by top to the SE ductile shearing. The Central Unit, placed under the Northern Unit, preserves high-pressure Silurian eclogitic assemblages retrograded by high- to medium-temperature and, finally, low-temperature ductile shearing with top to the NW sense of movement (oblique left-lateral). The Central Unit is superposed on the Southern Unit. The latter corresponds to the border of the Ossa-Morena Zone and underwent low-pressure, intermediate-temperature metamorphism synchronous with right-lateral (top to the SE) ductile shearing. The envisaged tectonic evolution is as follows: after a stage of lower Paleozoic rifting, subduction of the Central Unit under the Northern Unit took place in Silurian times. As a result of the crustal thickening, a gravitational instability developed, giving way to left-lateral extensional shearing that affected the entire Central Unit. The combined action of oblique thrusting at the front of the wedge and oblique extensional shearing at the rear caused the exhumation of the high-pressure rocks of the Central Unit. This tectonic evolution reveals that the boundary between the Central Iberian and Ossa-Morena zones is a suture of the Variscan belt.
Prediction of the spatial evolution and effects of control measures for the unfolding Haiti cholera outbreak

Here we propose spatially explicit predictions of the residual progression of the current Haiti cholera outbreak accounting for the dynamics of susceptible and infected individuals within different local human communities, and for the redistribution among them of Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the disease. Spreading mechanisms include the diffusion of pathogens in the aquatic environment and their dissemination due to the movement of human carriers. The model reproduces the spatiotemporal features of the outbreak to date, thus suggesting the robustness of predicted future developments of the epidemic. We estimate that, under unchanged conditions, the number of new cases in the whole country should start to decrease in January. During this month the epidemic should mainly involve the Ouest department (Port‐au‐Prince) while fading out in northern regions. Our spatially explicit model allows also the analysis of the effectiveness of alternative intervention strategies. To that end our results show that mass vaccinations would have a negligible impact at this stage of the epidemic. We also show that targeted sanitation strategies, providing clean drinking water supply and/or staging educational campaigns aimed at reducing exposure, may weaken the strength of the residual evolution of the infection.
Community participation and tourism attitudes in Belize

Even though existing literature has emphasized the importance of the host’ attitudes, research in general hasignored the role of ethnic identities within communities. The purpose of this study was to identify the relevance and importanceof ethnicity for tourism attitudes. The research site consists of two communities, Placencia and Seine Bight, in Belize,Central America. The effects of a number of determinants such as environmental awareness and intensity of contact ontourism attitudes are examined. Nearly 110 households were selected using a random sampling plan of which 107 householdsagreed to participate in this study. In general there appears to be broad-based support for tourism as an economic activity.Tourism as a form of development has increased the flow of non-tourist migration to the villages. The rise of tourism hasbrought residents of both Placencia and Seine Bight closer together. The policy implications of the study are also discussed. Keywords: Tourism, attitudes, environmental awareness Aunque la presente literatura a enfatizado la importancia de la investigacion en general se ha ignorado deidentidades etnicas entre comunidades. El proposito de este estudio fue para identificar la importancia relevante de lasactitudes etnicas de el turismo. El sitio de investigacion consiste en dos comunidades, Placencia y Seine Bight, en Belize,America Central. Los efectos del el numero de determinantes como las alertas ambientales y la intensidad con el contactoen las actitudes del turismo son examinadas. Casi 110 casas de familia fueron seleccionadas sin un plan definido, 107 deellas aceptaron participar en este estudio. Generalmente aparenta ser un apoyo al turismo exterior como una actividadeconomica. El turismo como una manera de proyecto de elaboracion a incrementado el crecimiento de la migracion noturisticaa los pueblos. El aumento del turismo ha traido residentes de Placencia y Seine Bight mas unidos. El curso deaccion e implicaciones de este estudio son tambien discutidas. Palabras claves: Turismo, actitudes, preocupacion ambiental
Infragravity Edge Wave Observations on Two California Beaches

Abstract Wavenumber-frequency spectra of the infragravity (periods 20-200 sec) wave velocity field in the surf zone of two California beaches are estimated. Because the longshore arrays of biaxial electromagnetic current meters are relatively short (comparable to the wavelengths of interest), high resolution spectrum estimators are required. Model testing provides insight into the limits, capabilities and reliability of the estimators used in this paper. On all 15 days analyzed, between 42% and 88% of the longshore current variance at the array is contributed by low mode (n≤2) edge waves. (Percentage estimates are not made at a few frequencies because the array is positioned near nodes.) The low mode signal in the cross-shore velocity at the arrays is usually masked by unresolvable high mode and/or leaky waves. The percentage of cross-shore current variance at the array estimated unresolvable high mode is less than 35%, with one exception for which approximately 50% of the variance is mode 0 across a subs.
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Background: Population explosion remains a major cause of concern in India. Although, the country became the ﬁ rst to implement a national population control programme in 1952, it is yet to e ﬀ ectively control its population growth. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the utilization and barriers for non-utilization of contraceptives among slum resident married women of Udupi district, Karnataka, India between October 2017 to July 2018 The survey involved 323 married women aged 18 – 45 years. Data were generated using self-developed and validated questionnaire. Generated data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Results: The result of the study showed low utilization of contraceptives at 38.7%. Leading barriers for non-utilization are fear of side e ﬀ ects (65.2%), followed by desire for girl/boy child (31.3%), husbands ’ disapproval (25.8%), followed by 17.7% no family support (in-laws), lack of knowledge about contraceptive methods (25.3%), and lack of personal interest to use contraceptives (23.2%). The most frequently used method was tubectomy (73.6%). Copper T (14.4%) and male condom (8.0%) were predominant method among the temporary family planning methods used by the study population. Conclusions: The low contraceptive rate might be attributed by fear of side e ﬀ ects, desire for girl/boy child, husbands ’ and family (in-law) disapproval, lack of knowledge about contraceptive methods and lack of motivation to use. Education, encouragement of health education programs and involvement of the spouse and in-laws might promote contraceptive utilization in slum dwellers.
Modelling Translation Initiation under the Influence of sRNA

Bacterial small non-coding RNA (sRNA) plays an important role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Although the number of annotated sRNA is steadily increasing, their functional characterization is still lagging behind. Various computational strategies for finding sRNA–mRNA interactions, and thus putative sRNA targets, were developed. Most of them suffer from a high false positive rate. Here, we present a qualitative model to simulate the effect of an sRNA on the translation initiation of a potential target. Information about the ribosome–mRNA interaction, sRNA–mRNA interaction and expression information from deep sequencing experiments is integrated to calculate the change in translation initiation complex formation, as a proxy for translational activity. This model can be used to post-evaluate predicted targets, hence condensing the list of potential targets. We show that our translation initiation model, under the influence of an sRNA, can successfully simulate thirteen out of fifteen tested sRNA–mRNA interactions in a qualitative manner. To show the gain in specificity, we applied our method to a target search for the Escherichia coli sRNA RyhB. Compared with simple target prediction without post-evaluation, we reduce the number of targets to less than one fourth potential targets, considerably reducing the burden of experimental validation.
Rising temperature depletes soil moisture and exacerbates severe drought conditions across southeast Australia

Over the past decade the southern catchments of the Murray Darling Basin (MDB), responsible for much of Australia's agricultural output, have experienced a severe drought (termed the “Big Dry”) with record high temperatures and record low inflow. We find that during the Big Dry the sensitivity of soil moisture to rainfall decline is over 80% higher than during the World War II drought from 1937–1945. A relationship exists between soil moisture and temperature independent of rainfall, particularly in austral spring and summer. Annually, a rise of 1°C leads to a 9% reduction in soil moisture over the southern MDB, contributing to the recent high sensitivity. Since 1950, the impact from rising temperature contributes to 45% of the total soil moisture reduction. In a warming climate, as the same process also leads to an inflow reduction, the reduced water availability can only be mitigated by increased rainfall. Other implications for future climate change are discussed.