Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrode Based on the MWCNTs and Electropolymerized Thymolphthalein for the Voltammetric Determination of Total Isopropylmethylphenols in Spices

Isopropylmethylphenols, namely thymol and carvacrol, are natural phenolic monoterpenoids with a wide spectrum of bioactivity making them applicable in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industry. The dose-dependent antioxidant properties of isopropylmethylphenols require their quantification in real samples. Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and electropolymerized thymolphthalein has been developed for the sensitive quantification of isopropylmethylphenols. Conditions of thymolphthalein electropolymerization (monomer concentration, number of cycles, and electrolysis parameters) providing the best response to thymol have been found. Scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods confirm the effectivity of the electrode developed. The linear dynamic ranges of 0.050–25 and 25–100 µM for thymol and 0.10–10 and 10–100 µM for carvacrol with detection limits of 0.037 and 0.063 µM, respectively, have been achieved in differential pulse mode in Britton–Robinson buffer pH 2.0. The selectivity of the isopropylmethylphenols response in the presence of typical interferences (inorganic ions, saccharides, ascorbic acid) and other phenolics (caffeic, chlorogenic, gallic and rosmarinic acids, and quercetin) is a significant advantage over other electrochemical methods. The electrode has been used in the analysis of oregano and thyme spices. Total isopropylmethylphenols contents have been evaluated after a single sonication-assisted extraction with methanol.
The Proactive Effects of Built Environment on Rural Community Resilience: Evidence from China Family Panel Studies

Rural community resilience (RCR) is crucial to rural sustainable development in the context of rural decline globally. Previous studies seem to underestimate the role of the built environment (BE) in the proactive aspect of RCR (P-RCR), that is, a rural community’s ability to cope with change proactively. This study explores BE’s effects on P-RCR with a holistic framework involving objective BE (OBE), perceived BE (PBE), place attachment (PA) and P-RCR, using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on a sample of 7528 rural respondents from eastern, central and western China. The results are as follows: (1) Both OBE (population density and accessibility) and PBE (perceptions of facilities, surrounding environment and safety) can significantly affect P-RCR in terms of social, economic and environmental dimensions. (2) In all regions, PBE’s impacts were consistent and positive on social and economic dimensions at both the individual and community levels (except the community-level economic dimension in western regions), but negative on the individual-level environmental dimension; OBE’s impacts were varied among regions. (3) In certain regions, PA and PBE were mediators in the BE-P-RCR relationship. This study can help researchers to construct a more detailed picture of the BE-P-RCR relationship and identify BE-related factors that contribute to P-RCR enhancement.
Inequalities and spectral properties of some classes of operators in hilbert spaces

Every normal operator is diagonalizable and every reducible operator can be expressed as a direct sum decomposition of a normal and a pure operator. Furthermore, any two similar operators have the same spectrum. The Putnam-Fuglede theorem implies similarity and both the Putnam’s inequality and the Berger-Shaw inequality are measures used to conjecture how far a given linear operator is from being normal. Boundedness of the self commutator of an operator, also follows from these two inequalities. If the self commutator is bounded, the operator in question becomes reducible, hence decomposable and eventually diagonalizable. In this thesis, through normality, diagonalizability of n-Power normal, n-Power quasinormal and that of w-hyponormal operators was investigated. In addition, three different operator inequalities, that is, the Putnam-Fuglede theorem, the Putnam’s inequality and the BergerShaw inequality, were studied for n-Power normal, n-Power quasinormal and w-hyponormal operators. The main tools used are such as the Lowner-Heinz inequality, the Furuta’s inequality, polar decompositions, Aluthge decompositions, direct sum decompositions, matrix decompositions, the kernel condition, similality and quasi-similality.
Two Homeobox Transcription Factors, Goosecoid and Ventx1.1, Oppositely Regulate Chordin Transcription in Xenopus Gastrula Embryos

The reciprocal inhibition between two signaling centers, the Spemann organizer (dorsal mesoderm) and ventral region (mesoderm and ectoderm), collectively regulate the overall development of vertebrate embryos. Each center expresses key homeobox transcription factors (TFs) that directly control target gene transcription. Goosecoid (Gsc) is an organizer (dorsal mesoderm)-specific TF known to induce dorsal fate and inhibit ventral/ectodermal specification. Ventx1.1 (downstream of Bmp signaling) induces the epidermal lineage and inhibits dorsal organizer-specific genes from the ventral region. Chordin (Chrd) is an organizer-specific secreted Bmp antagonist whose expression is primarily activated by Gsc. Alternatively, chrd expression is repressed by Bmp/Ventx1.1 in the ventral/epidermal region. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the transcription mediated by Gsc and Ventx1.1 remain elusive. Here, we found that the chrd promoter contained two cis-acting response elements that responded negatively to Ventx1.1 and positively to Gsc. In the ventral/ectodermal region, Ventx1.1 was directly bound to the Ventx1.1 response element (VRE) and inhibited chrd transcription. In the organizer region, Gsc was bound to the Gsc response elements (GRE) to activate chrd transcription. The Gsc-mediated positive response on the chrd promoter completely depended on another adjacent Wnt response cis-acting element (WRE), which was the TCF7 (also known as Tcf1) binding element. Site-directed mutagenesis of VRE, GRE, or WRE completely abolished the repressive or activator activity of Ventx1.1 and Gsc, respectively. The ChIP-PCR results confirmed the direct binding of Ventx1.1 and Gsc/Tcf7 to VRE and GRE/WRE, respectively. These results demonstrated that chrd expression is oppositely modulated by homeobox TFs, Ventx1.1, and Gsc/Tcf7 during the embryonic patterning of Xenopus gastrula.
FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE STUDY OF COSMIC RAYS AND THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN NEARBY MOLECULAR CLOUDS

We report an analysis of the interstellar γ-ray emission from the Chamaeleon, R Coronae Australis (R CrA), and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. They are among the nearest molecular cloud complexes, within ∼300 pc from the solar system. The γ-ray emission produced by interactions of cosmic rays (CRs) and interstellar gas in those molecular clouds is useful to study the CR densities and distributions of molecular gas close to the solar system. The obtained γ-ray emissivities above 250 MeV are (5.9 ± 0.1stat +0.9−1.0sys) × 10−27 photons s−1 sr−1 H-atom−1, (10.2 ± 0.4stat +1.2−1.7sys) × 10−27 photons s−1 sr−1 H-atom−1, and (9.1 ± 0.3stat +1.5−0.6sys) × 10−27 photons s−1 sr−1 H-atom−1 for the Chamaeleon, R CrA, and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions, respectively. Whereas the energy dependences of the emissivities agree well with that predicted from direct CR observations at the Earth, the measured emissivities from 250 MeV to 10 GeV indicate a variation of the CR density by ∼20% in the neighborhood of the solar system, even if we consider systematic uncertainties. The molecular mass calibrating ratio, XCO = N(H2)/WCO, is found to be (0.96 ± 0.06stat +0.15−0.12sys) × 1020 H2-molecule cm−2 (K km s−1)−1, (0.99 ± 0.08stat +0.18−0.10sys) × 1020 H2-molecule cm−2 (K km s−1)−1, and (0.63 ± 0.02stat +0.09−0.07sys) × 1020 H2-molecule cm−2 (K km s−1)−1 for the Chamaeleon, R CrA, and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions, respectively, suggesting a variation of XCO in the vicinity of the solar system. From the obtained values of XCO, the masses of molecular gas traced by WCO in the Chamaeleon, R CrA, and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions are estimated to be ∼5 × 103 M☉, ∼103 M☉, and ∼3.3 × 104 M☉, respectively. A comparable amount of gas not traced well by standard H i and CO surveys is found in the regions investigated.
Cold-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonas strains promote wheat growth and yield by improving soil phosphorous (P) nutrition status

It is well-known that phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) promote crop growth and yield. The information regarding characterization of PSB isolated from agroforestry systems and their impact on wheat crops under field conditions is rarely known. In the present study, we aim to develop psychrotroph-based P biofertilizers, and for that, four PSB strains (Pseudomonas sp. L3, Pseudomonas sp. P2, Streptomyces sp. T3, and Streptococcus sp. T4) previously isolated from three different agroforestry zones and already screened for wheat growth under pot trial conditions were evaluated on wheat crop under field conditions. Two field experiments were employed; set 1 includes PSB + recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) and set 2 includes PSB – RDF. In both field experiments, the response of the PSB-treated wheat crop was significantly higher compared to the uninoculated control. In field set 1, an increase of 22% in grain yield (GY), 16% in biological yield (BY), and 10% in grain per spike (GPS) was observed in consortia (CNS, L3 + P2) treatment, followed by L3 and P2 treatments. Inoculation of PSB mitigates soil P deficiency as it positively influences soil alkaline phosphatase (AP) and soil acid phosphatase (AcP) activity which positively correlated with grain NPK %. The highest grain NPK % was reported in CNS-treated wheat with RDF (N–0.26%, P–0.18%, and K-1.66%) and without RDF (N-0.27, P-0.26, and K-1.46%), respectively. All parameters, including soil enzyme activities, plant agronomic data, and yield data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), resulting in the selection of two PSB strains. The conditions for optimal P solubilization, in L3 (temperature-18.46, pH–5.2, and glucose concentration–0.8%) and P2 (temperature-17°C, pH–5.0, and glucose concentration–0.89%), were obtained through response surface methodology (RSM) modeling. The P solubilizing potential of selected strains at <20°C makes them a suitable candidate for the development of psychrotroph-based P biofertilizers. Low-temperature P solubilization of the PSB strains from agroforestry systems makes them potential biofertilizers for winter crops.
Regular boundary value problems for ordinary differential-operator equations of higher order in UMD Banach spaces

We prove an isomorphism of nonlocal boundary value problems for higher order ordinary differential-operator equations generated by one operator in UMD Banach spaces in appropriate Sobolev and interpolation spaces. The main condition is given in terms of $\R$-boundedness of some families of bounded operators generated by the resolvent of the operator of the equation. This implies maximal $L_p$-regularity for the problem. Then we study Fredholmnees of more general problems, namely, with linear abstract perturbation operators both in the equation and boundary conditions. We also present an application of obtained abstract results to boundary value problems for higher order elliptic partial differential equations.
Rough wall turbulent boundary layers in shallow open channel flow

An experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effects of roughness on the structure of turbulent boundary layers in open channels. The study was carried out using a laser Doppler anemometer in shallow flows for three different types of rough surface, as well as a hydraulically smooth surface. The flow Reynolds number based on the boundary layer momentum thickness ranged from 1400 to 4000. The boundary layer thickness was comparable with the depth of flow and the turbulence intensity in the channel flow varied from 2 to 4 percent. The defect profile was correlated using an approach which allowed both the skin friction and wake strength to vary. The wake parameter was observed to vary significantly with the type of surface roughness in contradiction to the wall similarity hypothesis. Wall roughness also led to higher turbulence levels in the outer region of the boundary layer. The profound effect of surface roughness on the outer region as well as the effect of channel turbulence on the main flow indicates a strong interaction, which must be accounted for in turbulence models
Quantitative and Intuitive VSG Transient Analysis With the Concept of Damping Area Approximation

The inherent large damping effect in virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control brings great challenges to its transient analysis. The recent studies mainly focus on qualitative explanation of damping effect, lacking an intuitive and quantitative assessment method. In this letter, the concept of damping area is introduced to visualize the transient damping energy in a tailored phase portrait, which facilitates the physical and intuitive understanding of damping effects. On top of that, the damping area approximation method is further proposed to evaluate attraction domain quantitatively, and its conservativeness for VSG control is proved in theory and validated by experiments. The proposed method evaluates the impact of damping on attraction domain quantitatively and intuitively, and it may provide some insights into the VSG transient stability analysis.
Soy Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Soy is rich in plant protein, isoflavones, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. To clarify the associations between soy intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) events, we performed a meta-analysis and review. A total of 1963 studies met the inclusion criteria, and 29 articles with 16,521 T2D and 54,213 CVDs events were identified by the eligibility criteria. During a follow-up of 2.5–24 years, the risk of T2D, CVDs, coronary heart disease, and stroke in participants with the highest soy consumption decreased by 17% (total relative risk (TRR) = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74–0.93), 13% (TRR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81–0.94), 21% (TRR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71–0.88), and 12% (TRR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.99), respectively, compared to the lowest sot consumption. A daily intake of 26.7 g of tofu reduced CVDs risk by 18% (TRR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74–0.92) and 11.1 g of natto lowered the risk of CVDs by 17% (TRR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.78–0.89), especially stroke. This meta-analysis demonstrated that soy consumption was negatively associated with the risks of T2D and CVDs and a specific quantity of soy products was the most beneficial for the prevention of T2D and CVDs. This study has been registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42022360504).
Reducing Violence in Riyadh’s Emergency Departments: The Critical Role of Healthcare Providers

Emergency department staff are at high risk of experiencing violence and aggression from patients and visitors, which can have negative impacts on healthcare providers in the ED. The aim of this study was to explore the role of healthcare providers in addressing local violence in Riyadh EDs and investigate their preparedness for managing violent incidents. We used a descriptive, correlational design with survey methodology to collect data from a convenience sample of nurses, ED technicians, physicians, and advanced practice providers in Riyadh city’s EDs. To examine the associations, we used an analysis of variance (ANOVA) for unadjusted relationships and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for adjusted associations. Measures included a demographic survey, and clinicians responded to an online survey. A total of 206 ED staff participated in the questionnaire, and 59% reported experiencing physical violence during an ED shift, with 61% of incidents being caused by relatives. Additionally, 32% of the participants witnessed workplace violence. Our findings revealed that male healthcare workers, physicians, and those working in the governmental sector were at the highest risk of experiencing violence. We also found a statistically significant association between the rate of patients seen in the ED and the frequency of assault (physical or verbal) in the ED. Our results suggest that the rate of workplace violence in Riyadh EDs is high, and more efforts are needed to protect the health and well-being of healthcare providers. Senior management should take a position against ED domestic violence and reinforce managerial and healthcare provider resources by adopting policies and procedures that protect healthcare workers’ safety. This study provides valuable insights into the nature and prevalence of violence in Riyadh EDs and highlights the critical role of healthcare providers in reducing violence in EDs.
Estimation of the Latent Heat Flux over Full Canopy Covers from the Radiative Temperature

Abstract This paper examines the bulk aerodynamic method and proposes an alternative algorithm for estimating evapotranspiration from radiative temperature over unstressed full-canopy cover crops. Both approaches are studied using calibration and validation datasets over four complete different canopies: grass, wheat, alfalfa, and maize. The former method gives acceptable results for grass, wheat, and alfalfa crops but is very discouraging for maize. The parameter (kB−1)s is evaluated to adjust the bulk aerodynamic method. Different expressions for (kB−1)s over homogeneous crops are tested. The latent heat flux estimations do not improve significantly for the different (kB−1)s values studied for the four crops. A simple and more accurate semiempirical method is proposed. The new approach, based on the Bowen ratio energy balance method, introduces the relation between the radiative Bowen ratio and the traditional Bowen ratio. A linear relationship is found between the two Bowen ratios over grass, wheat, al.
A theoretical estimate of the collection efficiencies of small droplets

The effective collision cross-sections between pairs of small water droplets, falling freely through air under the influence of gravity, have been computed on the assumption of hydrodynamical effects alone being important. It has been assumed that each droplet tends to fall freely at its terminal velocity with respect to the surrounding medium, which also moves under the influence of the motion of a neighbouring droplet. By the use of previously computed fields of flow of a viscous medium around a uniformly translated sphere, the trajectories of motion of one droplet with respect to another were computed for a range of droplets having radii between 4 μ and 200 μ. It is found that the collision cross-sections increase to values considerably greater than the corresponding geometrical cross-section as the droplets approach equality of size. As the difference in size increases, the collision cross-section decreases to values close to the geometrical cross-section, and finally decreases to zero. For any one particular size of the collecting droplet there is a minimum size of collected droplet below which no collection is possible. This size decreases with increasing size of the larger droplet greater than 10 μ in radius. For droplets smaller than 10 μ in radius, collision can occur only between droplets of nearly equal size. The results could account for coalescence becoming an important factor in the rapid formation of raindrops for droplets of radii greater than 10 μ.
Network analysis of somatic symptoms in Chinese patients with depressive disorder

Introduction Network theory conceptualizes somatic symptoms as a network of individual symptoms that are interconnected and influenced by each other. In this conceptualization, the network's central symptoms have the strongest effect on other symptoms. Clinical symptoms of patients with depressive disorders are largely determined by their sociocultural context. To our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the network structure of somatic symptoms among Chinese patients with depressive disorders. The aim of this study was to characterize the somatic symptoms network structure in patients with depressive disorders in Shanghai, China. Method A total of 177 participants were recruited between October 2018 and June 2019. The Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 was used to assess somatic symptoms. In order to quantify the somatic symptom network structure, indicators of “closeness,” “strength,” and “betweenness” were employed as identifiers for network-central symptoms. Result The symptoms of “feeling your heart pound or race,” “shortness of breath,” and “back pain” had the highest centrality values, indicating that these symptoms were central to the somatic symptom networks. Feeling tired or mentally ill had the strongest positive correlation with insomnia or other sleep problems (r = 0.419), followed by chest pain and breathlessness (r = 0.334), back pain, and limb or joint pain (r = 0.318). Discussion Psychological and neurobiological research that offers insights into somatic symptoms may focus on these central symptoms as targets for treatment and future research.
Integrative Analyses Reveal the Anticancer Mechanisms and Sensitivity Markers of the Next-Generation Hypomethylating Agent NTX-301

Simple Summary We thoroughly investigated the experimental and preclinical efficacy of the novel hypomethylating agent (HMA) NTX-301 through comparative analyses with conventional HMAs. By performing multiomics data analyses, we demonstrated the mechanisms of action underlying the anticancer activity of NTX-301 and identified molecular markers that are associated with sensitivity to NTX-301. Abstract Epigenetic dysregulation characterized by aberrant DNA hypermethylation is a hallmark of cancer, and it can be targeted by hypomethylating agents (HMAs). Recently, we described the superior therapeutic efficacy of a novel HMA, namely, NTX-301, when used as a monotherapy and in combination with venetoclax in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Following a previous study, we further explored the therapeutic properties of NTX-301 based on experimental investigations and integrative data analyses. Comprehensive sensitivity profiling revealed that NTX-301 primarily exerted anticancer effects against blood cancers and exhibited improved potency against a wide range of solid cancers. Subsequent assays showed that the superior efficacy of NTX-301 depended on its strong effects on cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and differentiation. Due to its superior efficacy, low doses of NTX-301 achieved sufficiently substantial tumor regression in vivo. Multiomics analyses revealed the mechanisms of action (MoAs) of NTX-301 and linked these MoAs to markers of sensitivity to NTX-301 and to the demethylation activity of NTX-301 with high concordance. In conclusion, our findings provide a rationale for currently ongoing clinical trials of NTX-301 and will help guide the development of novel therapeutic options for cancer patients.