Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
5-a-Side Game as a Tool for the Coach in Soccer Training

ABSTRACT Physical outputs in soccer training can be influenced by the interaction of several variables during the performance of different small side games (SSGs) formats. For this reason, it is relevant to understand how the manipulation of variables such as training method, exercise duration, number of repetitions, or recovery time affect the training loads and the performance. The main aim of this work was to provide coaches with relevant theoretical aspects and examples of practical applications to use from the specific format of 5-a-side SSG. To search for relevant publications and ensure the quality of articles, the search strategy used comprised specific search terms based on the research theme. The results showed that, during the 5-a-side game format, the choice of the training method (i.e., continuous or fractionated) and the manipulation of the related variables (e.g., number of players and game format) are fundamental for the management of the training load. Therefore, the manipulation of the variables using 5-a-side format translates into significant variations in the training load, and in the likely improvement of the different domains of soccer training (physiological, technical, and tactical), thus evidencing several benefits in the use of this game format. In addition, practical examples of 5-a-side exercises are used based on the theoretical considerations described.
From symbolism to substance: what the renewal of the Danish climate change act tells us about the driving forces behind policy change

ABSTRACT In 2020, Denmark passed a substantive Climate Change Act (CCA), replacing largely symbolic legislation from 2014. Using the multiple streams framework, this contribution compares the emergence of both CCAs across the problem, policy and politics streams. Whilst new governments proposed both CCAs following elections, the levels of politicisation of climate could not have differed more. While the 2014 Act was relatively low-key, in 2020 policy change was accompanied by a citizens’ initiative campaign and subsequent political party competition on climate policies during the 2019 parliamentary elections. In a key difference, the 2020 CCA remained a political issue even after the policy change process had moved from agenda setting to decision making, whereas political momentum ebbed earlier in 2014. We conclude that the high level of politicisation of climate issues in 2019–2020 contributed greatly to a substantive CCA, but that further improvements are necessary to meet increasingly demanding mitigation targets.
Environmental perception by the visitors of urban parks in the city of Maringá, Southern region of Brazil

Urban parks are essential in improving the quality of life of the population in the cities. In this study, we sought to understand the perception of citizens about the importance of urban parks in the city of Maringa-PR, and the environmental aspects that involve their relationship with green areas. The parks analyzed were Parque do Inga and Parque Municipal Alfredo Werner Nyffeler, both of which are widely frequented by the population. Exploratory field research was used, through the application of questionnaires, which covered questions related to the user’s profile, environmental perception and the structure of the parks. 212 people were interviewed, 106 in each park. The feeling of well-being, as well as the benefits related to physical and mental health, and contact with nature, were the most highly valued attributes. It can be seen that these green areas make the urban environment more pleasant and play a fundamental role in improving the quality of life of the researched public. The subjective perception developed by visitors to green areas in urban centers shows the importance of developing public policies aimed at the implementation, conservation and management of urban parks, with a consequent expansion and improvement of urban sustainability.
An experimental and analytical investigation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints strengthened with a range of CFRP schemes applied only to the beam

This paper investigates the experimental and analytical behaviour of beam-column joints that are subjected to a combination of torque, flexural and direct shear forces, where different Carbon Fibre Polymer (CFRP) strengthening wraps have been applied only to the beam. These wrapping schemes have previously been determined by the research community as an effective method of enhancing the torsional capacities of simply supported reinforced concrete beams. In this investigation, four 3/4-scale exterior beam-column joints were subjected to combined monotonic loading; three different beam wrapping schemes were employed to strengthen the beam region of the joint. The paper suggests a series of rational formulae, based on the space truss mechanism, which can be used to evaluate the joint shear demand of the beams wrapped in these various ways. Further, an iterative model, based on the average stress-strain method, has been introduced to predict joint strength. The proposed analytical approaches show good agreement with the experimental results. The experimental outcomes along with the adopted analytical methods reflect the consistent influence of the wrapping ratio, the interaction between the combined forces, the concrete strut capacity and the fibre orientation on the joint forces, the failure mode and the distortion levels. A large rise in the strut force resulting from shear stresses generated from this combination of forces is demonstrated and leads to a sudden-brittle failure. Likewise, increases in the beams’ main steel rebar strains are identified at the column face, again influenced by the load interactions and the wrapping systems used.
Mixed effects of mass media reports on the social amplification of risk: frequencies and frames of the BSE reports in newspaper media in the UK

Abstract The social amplification of risk framework explains why risks provoke public concerns, and presumes that risk signals and societal responses are determinants of the social process by which risks can be amplified or attenuated. This process considers mass media as central to disseminating information, and a conventional view suggests that media hype risks and increase public fear. This study aimed to examine how the discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), the newspaper reports regarding its potential transmission to humans, and the following social events were framed in the UK, and how media functioned in the process of the social amplification of BSE risks. Newspaper articles were collected from archives of the five UK national dailies for the period 1985–2008, and were coded according to the frames, geographic focus, policy discussion and their slant, and the argument bases for policy discussions. The changes in frequency and frames over time were examined. The number of published articles increased, as BSE-related events occurred. Agriculture and trade remained dominant themes, followed by commerce and incident details. Factual reports, including neutral policy discussions, dominated the articles. When advocacy was evident, appeals for weaker policy measures appeared most frequently, favoring balance between objectives and addressing the rational acceptance of health risks. Newspaper media contributed to the social amplification of BSE risks, responding to societal events by producing numerous alarming articles that did not originate from any single health or industry viewpoint but dominated the press with factual reports. Policy advocacy was suppressed by arguments for the rational acceptance of risks. Such media behaviors demonstrated ambivalence, and may have amplified the risks less than expected, without isolating health risks, increasing public fear, or advocating stronger government policies.
A Comparative Analysis of Co-Production in Public Services

The purpose of this study is to explore conceptual approaches in co-production studies and to examine current research trends of the study. The conceptual paper includes research articles related to co-production in public administration field. By thoroughly scrutinizing 32 research works of co-production, this study highlights major loopholes in the field of the study. The contributions of the study are: (1) identifying two common characteristics of co-production, (2) categorising three types of co-producing by end-users, and (3) finding that goals and success of co-production are more beneficial for service providers though its initial approach is citizen-centric approach. We suggest that future studies should be (1) to focus on reasons for co-production failures or success, (2) to discover further hindrances for co-production in service production, (3) to examine influencing factors on service providers as well as institutional impacts on co-production process, and (4) to include practical assessment in co-production study.
A cost‐effective and fault‐tolerant brushless direct current drive with open‐stator windings for low power electric vehicles

Dual‐inverter‐driven open‐end winding brushless direct current motor (OEWBLDCM) drives are amenable for the implementation of some interesting fault‐tolerant features, which could find useful applications in low power electric vehicles (EVs). The power semiconductor switching devices in the dual‐inverter system are vulnerable to the development of open‐circuit faults (OCFs) and the short‐circuit faults (SCFs). This paper investigates the possibility of imparting complete fault‐tolerant capability to EVs, which employ OEWBLDC motors for propulsion. With the proposed dynamic post‐fault reconfiguration of the power circuit and the reconnection of the battery banks, it is possible to deliver the rated (i.e., 100%) post‐fault output power to the BLDC motor, despite the failure of a power semiconductor switching device (because of either an OCF or an SCF) in the dual‐inverter system. The feasibility evaluation of the proposed fault‐tolerant drive reveals that the aforementioned objectives are realizable at an affordable hike in the raw material cost of the propulsion system. Simulation studies and Experimental verification on a laboratory prototype validate the proposed fault‐tolerant OEWBLDCM drive.
Anger, Anxiety, and Selective Exposure to Terrorist Violence

We examine the political consequence of exposure to widely available video content of terror violence. In a two-wave survey of Americans, we assess who is exposed to, and seeks out, terror-related video content in the first wave and then observe who decides to watch raw video footage of the Boston marathon terror attack in the second. We focus centrally on anxiety and anger as differing emotional reactions to the threat of terrorism and document their influence on exposure to terror violence. Anxiety generates avoidance of violent terror content whereas anger increases its consumption. Moreover, we find that anger increases exposure to violent terror content and in addition enhances support for punitive and retaliatory anti-terrorism policy. We discuss the implications of our findings for the broader dynamics of terrorist violence and the emotional basis of selective news exposure.
Segregation or integration? Exploring activity disparities between migrants and settled urban residents using human mobility data

Due to the difficulty of tracking large numbers of new migrants, how their daily activity behaviors differ from those of settled residents has not been well investigated, leading to a lack of understanding of new migrants' integration. Meanwhile, existing research largely emphasized residential space and ignored other activity disparities. To obtain a more comprehensive picture of urban segregation, we identified new migrants and two settled urban groups from two kinds of human mobility data. A S‐T‐A‐D‐I interactive framework was proposed to measure segregation from multiple activity dimensions, including spatial colocation, temporal coexistence, accessibility, activity diversity, and social interaction. Two‐scale analysis of spatial colocation patterns reveals residential segregation by both residential location and housing type, suggesting the effectiveness of the mobility data in profiling socioeconomic groups. The temporal disparity in undertaking activities was unveiled by identifying temporal coexistence patterns. Moreover, the groups presented significant inequality in accessibility owing to the use of different travel modes, leading to a notable disparity in activity diversity. Jointly determined by the disparities in space, time, and diversity, the three groups generated a high level of self‐segregation, and new migrants and transit users presented very low interaction potentials with the car group.
Adinkra Symbolism, Printmaking, and the Cultural Identity of Ghanaian Emerging Young Adults

ABSTRACT Adinkra symbols are ubiquitous cultural artifacts in Ghana, West Africa. This qualitative multiple case study examined how proverbial meanings of Adinkra symbols impacted the cultural identity development of five Ghanaian emerging young adults. Using semi-structured interviews and an Adinkra printmaking activity, this study revealed six major themes describing how Adinkra symbols and their meanings inform participants’ cultural identity. These themes included: exposure to Adinkra symbolism; religion, spiritual, and moral guidance; cultural significance and grounding; meaning making through visual expression; Ghanaian identity expression; and respect for parents, elders, and community. This study has implications for understanding how explicit cultural messages contribute to positive cultural identity development of Ghanaian emerging young adults, and how printmaking can be used as a creative method to promote positive mental health.
The effect of saturation on the physical and mechanical behavior of some rock samples

Different major factors control the strength of solid rocks. Moisture content is one of the most important factors, which can change the physical and mechanical behavior of intact rock as well as rock mass. Several early studies have shown that rock is weaker if tested wet rather than dry. In this paper, the density, P-wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity of seven different intact rock samples were measured under both dry and saturated conditions. The porosity of the samples was reported as well. Based on the obtained results, some correlations were proposed for estimating the saturated physical and mechanical properties from dry ones. The proposed correlations include different rock types and are more general than the previously reported ones. Comparing the obtained results showed that the mechanical and physical properties of weaker samples are more sensitive to the saturation process. Moreover, among the different mechanical parameters, Brazilian tensile strength exhibited more sensitivity to saturation. Comparing the results with the calculated porosities revealed that porosity is one of the key factors in the effect of saturation on physical and mechanical parameters. It seems that in the more porous rock samples, greater changes in the different measured parameters occur after saturation.
Evaluation Method for Feature Selection in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Fault Diagnosis

Considering the fact that various features can be used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) fault diagnosis, while the lack of feature evaluation method brings great difficulty in selecting appropriate features at practical PEMFC applications, a generalized feature evaluation and selection method is urgently required in PEMFC fault diagnosis. This article proposes a novel feature evaluation method, where feature discrimination capacity and robustness are evaluated. With the proposed method, features providing accurate and consistent diagnostic performance can be determined. In this study, features widely used in existing PEMFC fault diagnosis are utilized, which are extracted from either PEMFC voltage or multisensor signals, and their effectiveness in identifying faults at different PEMFC systems is investigated. Results demonstrate that with the proposed evaluation method, available features from various PEMFC test data can be ranked based on their diagnostic results. From the findings, appropriate features for PEMFC fault diagnosis can be determined. Moreover, early stage PEMFC faults can also be distinguished with high ranking features. This will be beneficial in practical PEMFC systems, where mitigation strategies can be taken to remove the effect due to early stage faults.
The Carbonate Complexation of the Am(III) Ion

Am(III) carbonate complexation has been investigated in 0.1 Μ NaC104 (or 0.3 Μ NaC104) under Ar + 1% C 0 2 atmosphere at pH = 6.0—9.2. Under these conditions the Am + ion precipitated is found to be Am2(C03)3(s). Solubility and spectroscopic experiments are carried out in parallel. The contribution of hydrolysis reactions to total reactions is found to be small at Pco2 = 10" 2 but considerable at PCo2 = 10" ·. The probability of formation of hydroxocarbonate species of Am(III) is discussed. The average constants determined by the two separate experiments are: log.Ks,, (Atn2(C03)3) = -29 . 80±0 . 10 , log0! = 6.22 + 0.08 and log/? 2 = 9.76 + 0.17.
Hybrid Excited Synchronous Machines

Hybrid excited synchronous machines (HESMs) combine permanent-magnet (PM) excitation and wound field (WF) excitation. The goal of hybrid excitation is to combine the advantages of PM excited machines and WF synchronous machines. HESM have been identified as one of the emerging technologies for modern energy conversion systems. They have been the subject of many review articles. The principle of hybrid excitation allows solving many drawbacks related to PM electric machines operation: flux weakening, energy efficiency, and PMs price fluctuation. It helps to introduce an additional degree of freedom in the design of synchronous machines, and allows therefore an easier adaptation of PM synchronous machines to a wider applications scope. To this additional degree corresponds the possibility of adjusting the contribution of the two magnetic field sources: PM and WF. The use of this technology for electric traction has been the subject of many scientific and technical contributions. In this contribution, the emphasis will be put on the use of these machines as generators in transportation applications and renewable energy applications. The design and operation of three particular structures will be presented. Two of them have been designed as generators for transportation applications, and the third one has been designed as generator for renewable energy conversion. All of them are flux switching hybrid excited synchronous machines (FSHESM).
Does clean technology weaken the environmental impact on the financial performance? Insight from global oil and gas companies

This study aims to clarify the relationship between environmental performance and financial performance by introducing clean technology as the moderating variable. We contest two major theories, natural resource-based view theory and neoclassical theory, to reveal a comprehensive understanding of environmental performance's impact on financial performance. The hypotheses are tested on 111 global oil and gas companies using dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM). Our analysis reveals three key findings. First, lower environmental performance leads to lower financial performance confirming the natural resource-based view theory. Second, clean technology has no significant effect on financial performance, arguing the marginal abatement cost. Finally, our results report that clean technology has no impact on increasing financial performance during high waste spills or high emissions. Theoretical and practical implications resulting from the adoption of clean technology to moderate the environmental impact on financial performance are also discussed.
Measurement report: Fourteen months of real-time characterisation of the submicronic aerosol and its atmospheric dynamics at the Marseille–Longchamp supersite

Abstract. This study reports results of PM1 chemical composition determined using a Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ToF-ACSM) over a 14-month period (1 February 2017–13 April 2018) at the Marseille–Longchamp supersite (MRS-LCP) in France. Parallel measurements were performed with an aethalometer, an ultrafine particle monitor and a suite of instruments to monitor regulated pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NOx, O3 and SO2). The average PM1 chemical composition over the period was dominated by organic aerosol (OA; 49.7 %) and black carbon (BC; 17.1 %), while sulfate accounted for 14.6 %, nitrate for 10.2 %, ammonium for 7.9 % and chloride for 0.5 % only. Wintertime was found to be the season contributing the most to the annual PM1 mass concentration (30 %), followed by autumn (26 %), summer (24 %) and spring (20 %). During this season, OA and BC concentrations were found to contribute 32 % and 31 % of their annual concentrations, respectively, as a combined result of heavy urban traffic, high emissions from residential heating and low planetary boundary layer (PBL) height. Most (75 %) of the 15 days exceeding the target daily PM2.5 concentration value recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) occurred during this season. Local and long-range pollution episodes with contrasting chemical composition could be distinguished, accounting for 40 % and 60 % of the exceedance days, respectively. Enhanced OA and BC concentrations, mostly originating from domestic wood burning under nocturnal land breeze conditions, were observed during local pollution episodes, while high levels of oxygenated OA and inorganic nitrate were associated with medium-/long-range transported particles. In summertime, substantially higher concentrations of sulfate were found, with an average and a maximum contribution to the PM1 mass of 24 % and 66 %, respectively. Results from k-means clustering analysis of daily profiles of sulfate concentrations clearly reveal the significant influence of local harbour/industrial activities on air quality in addition to the more regional contribution of shipping traffic that originates from the Mediterranean basin.