Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indoor 3D Reconstruction of Buildings via Azure Kinect RGB-D Camera

With the development of 3D vision techniques, RGB-D cameras are increasingly used to allow easier and cheaper access to the third dimension. In this paper, we focus on testing the potential of the Kinect Azure RGB-D camera in the 3D reconstruction of indoor scenes. First, a series of investigations of the hardware was performed to evaluate its accuracy and precision. The results show that the measurements made with the Azure could be exploited for close-range survey applications. Second, we performed a methodological workflow for indoor reconstruction based on the Open3D framework, which was applied to two different indoor scenes. Based on the results, we can state that the quality of 3D reconstruction significantly depends on the architecture of the captured scene. This was supported by a comparison of the point cloud from the Kinect Azure with that from a terrestrial laser scanner and another from a mobile laser scanner. The results show that the average differences do not exceed 8 mm, which confirms that the Kinect Azure can be considered a 3D measurement system at least as reliable as a mobile laser scanner.
Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern China

Background In recent years, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged rapidly in China with the abuse and overuse of antibiotics, and infections caused by CRKP pose a serious threat to global public health safety. The present study aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of CRKP isolates in Northern China and to elucidate their drug resistance mechanisms. Methods 45 CRKP strains were consecutively collected at a teaching hospital from March 1st, 2018 to June 30th, 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the VITEK2 compact system and microbroth dilution method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to analyze multilocus sequence typing (MLST), drug resistance determinants, and plasmid types. The transfer of resistance genes was determined by conjugation. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results All 45 isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR). MLST analysis showed ST11 (48.9%, 22/45) was the most frequent type. All of the 45 CRKP isolates contained carbapenemase genes, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. For carbapenemase genes, KPC-2 (93.3%, 42/45) was the main genotype, and followed by GES (37.8%, 17/45) and NDM-1 (11.1%, 5/45). Plasmid typing analysis showed that IncFII and IncFIB were the most prevalent plasmids. The carbapenem resistance rate of K.pneumoniae was 11.4% and ICU was the main CRKP infection source. Conclusions ST11 is the most frequent sequence type and KPC-2 is the predominant carbapenemase of CRKP strains in Northern China. KPC-2-ST11 are representative clonal lineages.
Occurrence of Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A during Merkén Pepper Powder Production in Chile

Berry fruits of Capsicum annuum L. cv. “Cacho de Cabra” are used for the manufacture of a traditional pepper powder known as Merkén. In the present study, aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in berry fruits of C. annuum was determined at harvest, drying, and smoking stages of Merkén production, in cumin and coriander seeds used as Merkén ingredients, and in the final packaged Merkén produced by local farmers. Additionally, Merkén samples from local markets in the region of La Araucanía (Chile) were also evaluated. Chromatographic analysis was based on a qualitative method. AFs and OTA were not detected on pepper pods and seeds. There was no detection of AFs and OTA on cultured Aspergillus and Penicillium strains isolated from pepper pods, cumin and coriander seeds and Merkén. The lack of AFs/OTA-producers among the isolated fungal species can explain and support the absence of contamination in pepper pods. In contrast, the AFB1 was detected in 75% of Merkén obtained from farmers and 46% of Merkén samples purchased from local markets; while OTA was detected in 100% of Merkén samples obtained from farmers and local markets. In the Merkén production chain, the harvest and post-harvest are key stages for fungal growth while the commercialization stage is highly susceptible to AFs and OTA contamination.
Properties of Gd-Doped Sol-Gel Silica Glass Radioluminescence under Electron Beams

The radiation-induced emission (RIE) of Gd3+-doped sol–gel silica glass has been shown to have suitable properties for use in the dosimetry of beams of ionizing radiation in applications such as radiotherapy. Linear electron accelerators are commonly used as clinical radiotherapy beams, and in this paper, the RIE properties were investigated under electron irradiation. A monochromator setup was used to investigate the light properties in selected narrow wavelength regions, and a spectrometer setup was used to measure the optical emission spectra in various test configurations. The RIE output as a function of depth in acrylic was measured and compared with a reference dosimeter system for various electron energies, since the dose–depth measuring abilities of dosimeters in radiotherapy is of key interest. The intensity of the main radiation-induced luminescence (RIL) of the Gd3+-ions at 314 nm was found to well represent the dose as a function of depth, and was possible to separate from the Cherenkov light that was also induced in the measurement setup. After an initial suppression of the luminescence following the electron bunch, which is ascribed to a transient radiation-induced attenuation from self-trapped excitons (STEX), the 314 nm component was found to have a decay time of approximately 1.3 ms. An additional luminescence was also observed in the region 400 nm to 600 nm originating from the decay of the STEX centers, likely exhibiting an increasing luminescence with a dose history in the tested sample.
Evaluating the Functional Properties of Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Fed Low Fish Meal Diets

Simple Summary Spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) is considered one of the most promising functional ingredients as an alternative to the use of antibiotics, due to growth and immunity promotion. In the current work, we analyzed a mucosal immune response through challenging skin mucus antibacterial capacity and a systemic immune response through their splenocytes ex vivo with a pathogen-associated molecular pattern. Main skin mucus biomarkers were not modified by the SDPP diet, except for cortisol levels that were drastically reduced, which could be considered beneficial from a physiological perspective. In addition, the SDPP diet significantly reduced the growth of the pathogenic bacteria studied in the skin mucus. Anti- (tgf-β1), and pro-inflammatory (il-1β) cytokines, genes involved in humoral immunity (IgM), and the surface cell marker cd4 (cd4) were up-regulated in primary cell cultures of splenocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide in fish fed the SDPP diet, which indicated that this functional ingredient was able to modulate the systemic immune response. In addition to promoting somatic growth, this study also indicated that SDPP, especially in the current low fish meal diets, seems to be useful and beneficial at the immunological level and mucosal health status, which makes it a good candidate for incorporation into the aquaculture sector. Abstract Blood by-products are an untapped source of high-quality ingredients for aquafeeds, containing a broad variety of cytokines, hormones, growth factors, proteins, bioactive peptides, and amino acids. The effects of the spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), a type of processed animal protein on several immune parameters, were evaluated in sea bream using ex vivo and in vitro assays. In this study, fish were fed with two isoproteic, isolipidic, and isoenergetic diets: control diet (7% fish meal, FM) and SDPP diet (2% FM and 5% SDPP). At the end of the 92-days trial, those fed the SDPP diet were larger in body weight (p < 0.05) without differences in feed conversion ratio (p > 0.05). The ex vivo immune stimulation of splenocytes indicated that SDPP had a beneficial effect in promoting systemic immunity, since the surface cell marker (cd4), pro- (il-1β), and anti-inflammatory (tgf-β1) cytokines, and genes involved in humoral immunity (IgM) were up-regulated. The co-culture assays of skin mucus corroborated that SDPP enhanced the antibacterial capacity of mucus against V. anguillarum. In addition, main mucus biomarkers did not show significant differences, except for cortisol levels which were lower in the SDPP diet. The present study indicated that SDPP may be considered a functional ingredient in aquafeeds formulated with low FM levels.
Evaluation of Rosmarinic Acid on Broiler Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry, Liver Antioxidant Activity, and Muscle Tissue Composition

Simple Summary Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural water-soluble phenolic compound and a major antioxidant occurring in rosemary. In this study, the effects of dietary supplementation with RA on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant activity, and muscle nutritional components of broiler chickens were examined. The results showed that supplementation with RA significantly improved the growth performance of broilers. Therefore, the addition of RA to broiler feed as a natural antioxidant has great prospects. Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different doses of rosmarinic acid (RA) on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant activity, and muscle nutritional component of broiler chickens during 1–20 days of age. A total of 1000 1-day-old Cobb 500 white-feathered broilers were divided into five groups. Each group included four replicates and 50 birds per replicate. The control group was the basic fodder group fed with a basal diet. The experimental groups included four levels of RA (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg RA added to the basal diet, respectively). The results showed that a quadratic increase in final body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) and a quadratic decrease in the feed/gain (F/G) ratio were observed with increasing dietary RA levels. At 200 mg/kg RA supplementation, growth performance was significantly improved. Moreover, under this RA treatment, the highest levels of total protein and globulin were detected in the serum, the activities of total superoxide dismutase and catalase in the liver of broilers were significantly increased, and the malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased, indicating a higher antioxidant capacity of the liver when 200 mg/kg RA was added to the basal diet. The flavor of the muscle meat was improved by dietary supplementation with 200 mg/kg RA. Therefore, adding 200 mg/kg of RA to the diet could significantly improve the growth performance of broilers, improve liver antioxidant capacity, and improve muscle quality, etc. The addition of RA to broiler feed as a natural antioxidant has great prospects.
An Overview of the Stability and Fretting Corrosion of Microgrooved Necks in the Taper Junction of Hip Implants

Fretting corrosion at the head–neck interface of modular hip implants, scientifically termed trunnionosis/taperosis, may cause regional inflammation, metallosis, and adverse local tissue reactions. The severity of such a deleterious process depends on various design parameters. In this review, the influence of surface topography (in some cases, called microgrooves/ridges) on the overall performance of the microgrooved head–neck junctions is investigated. The methodologies together with the assumptions and simplifications, as well as the findings from both the experimental observations (retrieval and in vitro) and the numerical approaches used in previous studies, are presented and discussed. The performance of the microgrooved junctions is compared to those with a smooth surface finish in two main categories: stability and integrity; wear, corrosion, and material loss. Existing contradictions and disagreements among the reported results are reported and discussed in order to present a comprehensive picture of the microgrooved junctions. The current research needs and possible future research directions on the microgrooved junctions are also identified and presented.
Viscoelasticity in Large Deformation Analysis of Hyperelastic Structures

In this paper, an annular/circular plate made of hyperelastic material and considering the viscoelastic property was investigated based on a novel nonlinear elasticity theory. A new approach for hyperelastic materials in conjunction with the Kelvin–Voigt scheme is employed to obtain the structure’s large deformation under uniform transverse loading. The constitutive equations were extracted using the energy method. The derived partial differential time-dependent equations have been solved via the semi-analytical polynomial method (SAPM). The obtained results have been validated by ABAQUS software and the available paper. In consequence, a good agreement between the results was observed. Finally, several affecting parameters on the analysis have been attended to and studied, such as the nonlinear elasticity analysis, the boundary conditions, loading, and the material’s viscosity. It can be possible to obtain the needed time for achieving the final deformation of the structure based on the applied analysis in this research.
Swift heavy ion irradiation of InP : Thermal spike modeling of track formation

Irradiation of single-crystalline InP with swift heavy ions (SHI's) causes the formation of ion tracks for certain irradiation temperatures if the electronic energy deposition exceeds a threshold value. With increasing SHI fluence, more and more ion tracks are formed, until a continuous amorphous layer is produced due to the multiple overlapping of the tracks at high ion fluences. Single-crystalline InP samples were irradiated either at liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT) or at room temperature (RT) with Kr, Xe, or Au ions with specific energies ranging from ca. $0.3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}3.0\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}∕\mathrm{u}$. Afterwards, the samples were investigated by means of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy in the plan-view and cross-section geometry. We show that the experimental data obtained can be qualitatively and quantitatively described on the basis of the inelastic thermal spike (TS) model, which was originally used only for metallic targets. The presented extension of the TS model on semiconductors covers mainly the very first stage of the energy transfer from SHI's (so-called ``ionization spikes''). Our results show that the extended TS model offers a self-consistent way to explain the influence of various irradiation conditions (ion mass, ion energy, irradiation temperature, etc.) on the ion track formation and damage accumulation in InP and, therefore, can make a contribution to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Further, our results prejudice the amenity of a single value of the threshold electronic energy loss as a fundamental quantity that is commonly used for the description of track formation in solids irradiated with different ion species. There is no universal RT threshold for track formation in InP, but it is noticeably higher for lighter ions (12.0 and $14.8\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{keV}∕\mathrm{nm}$ for RT irradiations with Au and Xe, respectively). Our experimental and simulation results support the idea that the formation of visible tracks requires a predamaging of the material, unless each SHI penetrating perfectly ordered virgin InP directly produces a track that is large enough to be stable.
Approximation method for computationally expensive nonconvex multiobjective optimization problems

Haanpaa, Tomi Approximation Method for Computationally Expensive Nonconvex Multiobjective Optimization Problems Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2012, 180 p. (Jyvaskyla Studies in Computing ISSN 1456-5390; 157) ISBN 978-951-39-4967-9 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-4968-6 (PDF) Finnish summary Diss. The importance of optimization for decision makers solving real-life engineering problems has increased in recent decades. In the literature, methods created for multiobjective optimization problems are typically directed for problems where objective function values can be calculated fast. If function evaluations are computationally expensive, i.e. time-consuming, then only fewmethods are available and, usually, they involve assumptions like convex objective functions. To be able to solve more demanding multiobjective optimization problems in future, both the nonconvexity and the computational cost of the problem in question must be considered. In this thesis, an approximation method, Interactive HyperBox Exploration (IHBE), is proposed for computationally expensive nonconvex multiobjective optimization problems. The IHBE method has been developed so that a decision maker can conveniently investigate the objective space and learn about possibilities and limitations of solutions which are available for themultiobjective optimization problem at hand. In order to lessen the computational expense of the problem, an approximation of the Pareto front is used in the method. The approximation is based on a surrogate function and pre-calculated Pareto optimal objective vectors. By specifying desirable upper and lower bounds for the vectors, the decision maker makes queries about what kind of approximated Pareto optimal objective vectors are available. The method either presents approximated Pareto optimal objective vectors satisfying the bounds or helps the decision maker in setting the bounds in a way that approximated Pareto optimal objective vectors can be found.
Close-coupled calculation of collisions of magnetostatically trapped metastable helium atoms

A quantum-mechanical close-coupled calculation for collisions of spin-polarized triplet helium atoms in a magnetostatic trap is presented in which the Penning and associative ionization processes are represented by a complex optical potential. The rate coefficients for the spin relaxation and relaxation-induced Penning ionization processes for a range of magnetic fields and temperatures, spanning the cold and ultracold temperature regimes, have been calculated and the sensitivity of these results to uncertainties in the molecular potentials and autoionization width investigated. The rate constants for both elastic and inelastic processes were found to be particularly sensitive to the short-range ${}^{5}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{g}^{+}$ molecular potential and, to a lesser extent, the rate constants for relaxation-induced Penning ionization displayed sensitivity to the short-range form of the ${}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{g}^{+}$ molecular potential and the autoionization width.
Skein Algebras of Three-Manifolds at 4th Roots of Unity

This paper introduces an algebra structure on the part of the skein module of an arbitrary $3$-manifold $M$ spanned by links that represent $0$ in $H_1(M;\mathbb{Z}_2)$ when the value of the parameter used in the Kauffman bracket skein relation is equal to $\pm {\bf i}$. It is proved that if $M$ has no $2$-torsion in $H_1(M;\mathbb{Z})$ then those algebras, $K_{\pm {\bf i}}^0(M)$, are naturally isomorphic to the corresponding algebras when the value of the parameter is $\pm 1$. This implies that the algebra $K_{\pm{\bf i}}^0(M)$ is the unreduced coordinate ring of the variety of $PSL_2(\mathbb{C})$-characters of $\pi_1(M)$ that lift to $SL_2(\mathbb{C})$-representations.
Assessing the C/O Ratio Formation Diagnostic: A Potential Trend with Companion Mass

The carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio in an exoplanet atmosphere has been suggested as a potential diagnostic of planet formation. Now that a number of exoplanets have measured C/O ratios, it is possible to examine this diagnostic at a population level. Here, we present an analysis of currently measured C/O ratios of directly imaged and transit/eclipse planets. First, we derive atmospheric parameters for the substellar companion HD 284149 AB b using data taken with the OSIRIS integral field spectrograph at the W.M. Keck Observatory and report two non-detections from our ongoing imaging spectroscopy survey with Keck/OSIRIS. We find an effective temperature of T eff = 2502 K, with a range of 2291–2624 K, logg=4.52 , with a range of 4.38–4.91, and [M/H] = 0.37, with a range of 0.10–0.55. We derive a C/O of 0.59−0.30+0.15 for HD 284149 AB b. We add this measurement to the list of C/O ratios for directly imaged planets and compare them with those from a sample of transit/eclipse planets. We also derive the first dynamical mass estimate for HD 284149 AB b, finding a mass of ∼28 M Jup. There is a trend in C/O ratio with companion mass (M Jup), with a break seen around 4 M Jup. We run a Kolmogorov–Smirnov and an Anderson–Darling test on planets above and below this mass boundary, and find that they are two distinct populations. This could be additional evidence of two distinct populations possibly having two different formation pathways, with companion mass as an indicator of most likely formation scenario.
The Fourier-Jacobi expansion of the singular theta lift

We give an explicit evaluation of the Fourier-Jacobi expansions of the singular theta lift of Borcherds type constructed in [6] for the dual reductive pair U(1, 1)× U(p, q), where p, q ≥ 1. The input functions are allowed to be arbitrary harmonic weak Maass form of weight k = 2 − p − q. For this purpose, we adapt a method introduced by Kudla in [14]. Further, as an application, for the case U(p, 1), we recover a new infinite product expansion for a Borcherds form, analogous to the case O(p, 2) treated in [14].
Effective Dynamics of Generative Adversarial Networks

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are a class of machine-learning models that use adversarial training to generate new samples with the same (potentially very complex) statistics as the training samples. One major form of training failure, known as mode collapse, involves the generator failing to reproduce the full diversity of modes in the target probability distribution. Here, we present an effective model of GAN training, which captures the learning dynamics by replacing the generator neural network with a collection of particles in the output space; particles are coupled by a universal kernel valid for certain wide neural networks and high-dimensional inputs. The generality of our simplified model allows us to study the conditions under which mode collapse occurs. Indeed, experiments which vary the effective kernel of the generator reveal a mode collapse transition, the shape of which can be related to the type of discriminator through the frequency principle. Further, we find that gradient regularizers of intermediate strengths can optimally yield convergence through critical damping of the generator dynamics. Our effective GAN model thus provides an interpretable physical framework for understanding and improving adversarial training.