Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information seeking behaviors of environmental journalists

Journalists and librarians share a common goal of providing information to the public, yet very little is known about how journalists’ information seeking behavior intersects with libraries. This case study seeks to understand the information seeking behavior of environmental journalists by investigating how their information needs intersect with the library and how their information seeking behavior changed over the course of their 9-month fellowship at the University of Colorado Boulder. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven environmental journalists at the beginning and end of their fellowship, while an open coding approach was used to identify themes. Generally, study participants conducted research by (1) identifying a story idea and conducting a preliminary search, (2) expanding their knowledge on the topic through scientific articles and interviews with experts, (3) conducting field research, and (4) completing research when information is redundant and they are confident with their knowledge. This process, and their growing feelings of confidence as they conducted research, were similar to, but not exactly, Kuhlthau’s Information Search Process model. Their interactions with the library were mostly limited to accessing books and articles. Overall, there was little change in the participants’ information seeking behavior, possibly due to limited time to learn new resources, reliance on preexisting research habits, professional competence, and lack of awareness of library services (e.g. librarians, workshops, and public academic library access). An understanding of journalists’ information seeking behavior can help librarians conduct instruction and outreach efforts that address journalists’ information needs.
Optimizing early detection strategies: defining the effective attraction radius of attractants for emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire

Adult emerald ash borers are attracted to green prism traps baited with the ash host volatile (3Z)‐hexenol and the sex pheromone of emerald ash borer (3Z)‐dodecen‐12‐olide [(3Z)‐lactone]. Quantifying the heretofore unknown range of attraction of such traps would help optimize deployment strategies for early detection. Examining trap captures of traps deployed in pairs at variable distances offers insight into the range of attraction. Recent work has shown the range of attraction can be estimated as half the intertrap distance at which trap catch begins to decrease, which should occur when proximate traps overlap their respective attractive ranges. We estimated these traps' attractive range for emerald ash borer using 98 baited dark green prism traps deployed in pairs, one trap per tree, in an urban park in Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA in summer 2020. We estimate attractive range by fitting a logistic model to trap catch data using Bayesian inferential methods and describe advantages thereof. The attractive range of these baited traps was estimated to be between 16 and 73 m, with a median of 28 m. We recommend that dark green prism traps baited with these semiochemicals be placed 25–35 m apart near high‐risk entry points.
Study of luminescent coupling effect in modeling a concentrator photovoltaic system with III-V triple junction solar cell

A theoretical model is proposed for a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system. This model is based on the two-diode equation and considers the luminescent coupling (LC) effect in III-V triple junction solar cell. By using the model, the ‘I-V’ curve of the system is fitted. The fitting result is in good agreement with the experimental data. The system’s open circuit voltage is also predicted in a certain temperature range. Based on the analysis of the simulation results and the two-diode equation, it is concluded that the LC effect should be a non-negligible mechanism for analyzing the operation performance of CPV system.
Assessment of solid mineral to soil radioactivity contamination index in selected mining sites and their radiological risk indices to the public

ABSTRACT This study examined the radioactivity levels of soil samples within selected solid mining sites in Nigeria using high-purity germanium (HpGe) detector. Sixty soil samples in all were collected from the 10 solid mineral mining sites investigated and six samples were collected as control samples from non-mining environment for analyses. The results of the activity concentration values obtained for 40K, 226Ra and 232Th are 100.22 Bq kg−1, 33.15 Bq kg−1 and 77.31 Bq kg−1, respectively. The 226Ra and 40K activities were found to be within the United Nation Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation acceptable permissible limit, but the 232Th mean value was above the permissible limit of 30 Bq kg−1 for the public. In comparison, 40K, 226Ra and 232Th soil samples mean activity concentrations were higher than the control soil samples values by 48.6%, 43.7% and 62.3%, respectively. The results of estimated radiation hazard indices indicate average values of 150.72 Bq kg−1, 68.40 nGyh−1 , 83.65 µSvy−1 and 454.70 µSvy−1 for the Radium Equivalent (Ra eq ), Absorbed Dose Rate (D), Dose Equivalent (AEDE) and Annual Gonadal Equivalent Dose (AGED), respectively. The mean values for External Hazard Indices (Hex, Hin), Representative Gamma index ( ) and Excess Life Cancer Risk (ELCR) were 0.41, 0.50, 1.06 and 0.29 × 10−3, respectively. The statistical analysis shows positive skewness.
High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Anthocyanins of Vitis Vinifera

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to separation and quantitation of the anthocyanin pigments of two varieties of Vitis vinifera . Reversed-phase columns and acidified water-methanol eluants were used to separate the pigments of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes into twenty discrete peaks. Easily resolved from one another were five anthocyanidin-3-monoglucosides, five anthocyanidin-3-monoglucoside-acetates, five anthocyanidin-3-monoglucoside-p-coumarates, and malvidin-3-monoglucoside-caffeoate. Also separated were three unknown pigments. Monoglucoside pigments accounted for 65% of the total pigment. The monoglucoside-acetates and monoglucoside-p-coumarates respectively represented 26.9% and 8% of the total pigment. The malvidin-derived anthocyanins were 70% of the total, and anthocyanins containing the aglycone cyanidin represented only 1.5%. Evidence was obtained that the acylated anthocyanins are preferentially formed from malvidin-3-monoglucoside rather than from delphinidin-3-monoglucoside. The combination of anthocyanin degradation procedures and HPLC analysis allowed rapid identification of the anthocyanin pigments. HPLC separation of pigment degradation products required less than 15 minutes. One hundred micrograms of pigment was sufficient for identification by degradaton and HPLC analysis.
The effect of Spirulina sauce, as a functional food, on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress biomarkers, glycemic profile, and liver enzymes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A randomized double‐blinded clinical trial

Abstract Objective This study sought to investigate the effect of Spirulina on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress biomarkers, glycemic profile, and liver enzymes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Methods This randomized, double‐blind clinical trial was performed on 46 NAFLD patients. Subjects were allocated to consume either Spirulina sauce or placebo, each 20 g/day for 8 weeks. Fatty liver grade, liver enzymes, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and serum lipids, glucose, insulin, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant capacity were assessed pre‐ and postintervention. Results Fatty liver grade was significantly different between the two groups. A significant change for ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) was seen between the two groups (p = .03 and .02, respectively), while ALP (alkaline phosphatase) serum levels were not significantly different within or between groups. Pertaining to glycemic profile, all variables, except HOMA‐IR, were not significantly different within or between groups. Finally, statistically significant changes were seen in both MDA (malondialdehyde) and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) among the groups (p = .04 and <.001, respectively). Conclusions Spirulina may improve fatty liver grade by modifying liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and some lipid profiles; however, there was effect of Spirulina on anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure.
The Steady Wake of a Wall-Mounted Rectangular Prism with a Large-Depth-Ratio at Low Reynolds Numbers

The wakes of wall-mounted small (square) and large (long) depth-ratio rectangular prisms are numerically studied at Reynolds numbers of 50–250. The large depth-ratio significantly alters the dominance of lateral secondary flow (upwash and downwash) in the wake due to the reattachment of leading-edge separated flow on the surfaces of the prism. This changes the wake topology by varying the entrained flow in the wake region and changing the distribution of vorticity. Thus, the magnitude of vorticity significantly decreases by increasing the prism depth-ratio. Furthermore, the length of the recirculation region and the orientation of near wake flow structures are altered for the larger depth-ratio prism compared to the square prism. Drag and lift coefficients are also affected due to the change of pressure distributions on the rear face of the prism and surface friction force. This behavior is consistently observed for the entire range of Reynolds numbers considered here. The wake size is scaled with Re1/2, whereas drag coefficient scaled with Re−0.3.
The Impact of Financial Incentives on Behavior and Self-Management of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: Pre- and Post-Quasiexperimental Study.

Introduction Noncommunicable diseases are one of the main challenges that affect health worldwide and have been found to be increasing in both low- and middle-income countries compared with high-income countries. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of financial incentives and a comprehensive care program focusing on patients' behavior and self-management of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥ 7), as well as modifiable risk factors for disease complications in a Saudi Arabian population. Methods This quasiexperimental study, using a pre- and postevaluation approach, was used to compare the level of HbA1c among patients with uncontrolled diabetes before and after the financial incentives and comprehensive care program were implemented. Financial awards were given to patients who achieved a significantly greater decrease in HbA1c levels with his/her responsible physician. The study population included 702 Saudi Arabian patients with type 2 diabetes from 14 regions and 34 primary healthcare centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All of these patients (≥ 15 years old) with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes who attended local primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia for a follow-up visit from February to October 2018. Results The mean age, in years, of the sample was 56.14 (± SD = 9.909); slightly more than half of the patients 401 (57.1%) were females. Most of the participants 645 (91.9%) were married, and 381(54.3%) patients were housewives. Linear mixed modeling revealed that all groups showed improvements over time in the primary outcome of HbA1c levels (p = 0.009), Including the secondary outcomes of body mass index and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.04, < 0.001, 0.019 respectively). Conclusions Patient behavior was improved, which was reflected by decreases in HbA1c, body mass index, and blood pressure levels. A comprehensive care program is recommended by healthcare providers to increase awareness among patients with diabetes to reduce other risk factors. These kinds of interventions positively motivate patients with diabetes to control their health measurements and to adopt a healthy lifestyle.
Populism in Europe: An Illiberal Democratic Response to Undemocratic Liberalism (The Government and Opposition/Leonard Schapiro Lecture 2019)

Abstract In this lecture, I lay out my approach to populism, which falls within the now dominant ‘ideational approach’ of populism, discuss the complex relationship between populism and politics, and identify some of the main causes of the ongoing ‘populist Zeitgeist’. My main arguments are: (1) while populism is related to (real and perceived) ‘crises’, these so-called ‘crises’ are often catalysts rather than prime causes of the rise of populism; (2) populism is essentially an illiberal democratic response to undemocratic liberalism; and (3) populism can only be overcome by more rather than less liberal democracy. I illustrate my arguments on the basis of the recent rise of populism in Europe, but believe they also largely hold true beyond that specific regional and temporal context.
An Approach for Robotic Leaning Inspired by Biomimetic Adaptive Control

How to enable robotic compliant manipulation has become a critical problem in the robotics field. Inspired by a biomimetic adaptive control strategy, this article presents a novel representation model named human-like compliant movement primitives (Hl-CMPs) which could allow a robot to learn human-like compliant behaviors. The state-of-the-art approaches can hardly learn complete compliant profiles for a specific task. Comparatively, our model can encode task-specific parametric movement trajectories, correspondingly associated with dynamic trajectories including both impedance and feedforward force profiles. The compliant profiles are learned based on a biomimetic control strategy derived from the human motor learning in the muscle space, enabling the robot to simultaneously learn the impedance and the force while executing the movement trajectories obtained from human demonstration. Furthermore, both the kinematic and the dynamic profiles are learned in the parametric space, thus enabling the representation of a skill using corresponding parameters (i.e, task-specific parameters). Hl-CMps can allow the robot to automatically learn compliant behaviors in an online manner after kinematic demonstration. Our approach is validated by an insertion task and a cutting task based on a KUKA LBR iiwa robot.
Different Survival Benefit of Osimertinib in Different Sequences: A Real‐World Outcome of Osimertinib Treatment in Pretreated T790M-Positive Advanced NSCLC in Taiwan

Background: To investigate the relationships among the clinical characteristics, different EGFR-TKIs, and osimertinib treatment in different treatment lines.Methods: We retrospectively screened a total of 3807 patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2019 at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Furthermore, 98 patients after re-biopsy or liquid with EGFR T790M mutation who received osimertinib were enrolled for analysis. Results: Among all 98 patients, the median PFS of those who received osimertinib therapy was 10.48 months, and the median OS of those who received osimertinib therapy was 42.21 months. The OS of those who received osimertinib therapy after previous gefitinib, afatinib, or erlotinib therapy was 87.93, 49.00, and 42.00 months, respectively (P=0.006). There was a significant difference in disease control rate between those who received osimertinib treatment after previous chemotherapy (Group A) or immediately following EGFR-TKI therapy (Group B) (93.3% vs. 77.4%, P=0.029). There was also a significant difference in PS between those who received osimertinib as a second-line treatment and those who received it as a third-line treatment (10.83 vs. 17.33 months, P=0.044). In addition, COPD tended to be a poor prognostic factor for PFS and OS.Conclusion: In this retrospective real‐world analysis, it was determined that pretreatment with gefitinib and previous chemotherapy could affect the treatment outcomes of NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib. Furthermore, COPD tended to a poor prognostic factor for PFS and OS in such patients.
Balance and velocity control of a novel spherical robot with structural asymmetry

This paper proposes a novel spherical robot design. The pendulum of this robot is actuated by the step motor with cable being the transmission mechanism. Compared to the existing spherical robots, this design concept can reduce the influence of the gear backlash and pendulum vibrations. Until now, few published results have presented rigorous analysis for the asymmetry of the spherical robot system. In order to solve this issue, asymmetry is considered when the dynamic model of the spherical robot is established in our paper and then the system is decoupled into two underactuated subsystems. The relationship between the two subsystems is explored by projection method. Finally, we proposed adaptive hierarchical sliding mode controller (AHSMC), which is a combination of hierarchical sliding mode (HSMC) and adaptive laws for the eccentric moment/resistance torque estimation. The simulated and experimental results were provided to verify the proposed method for balance and velocity control.
Thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted polymer for rapid sorption and desorption of diethyl phthalate

ABSTRACT A thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted polymer (T-MIP) for removal of diethyl phthalate (DEP) was obtained. The polymer was synthesized using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). The studies have been focused on a selection of monomers composition and kind of solvent. The ability of molecular recognition towards DEP was evaluated. The obtained MIPs showed temperature-sensitive sorption comparing to non-imprinted analogues. The greatest affinity towards template was observed at 35°C for sorbent prepared from NIPAM:MMA of 3:7 ratio, with the 60% of crosslinker and toluene as a solvent. The best conditions for DEP desorption were noted at 60°C.
The SDR and influences on the currency swap agreements for RMB

ABSTRACT We analyse the determinants of RMB as an international reserve currency and the impact of joining the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) on the currency swap agreements between China and other countries. A panel logit model is estimated using annual data for China and 33 countries for the period from 2009 to 2018. The results show that the relative economic size, trade dependence, interest rate differential, and geopolitical relation are important for determining the likelihood of signing the RMB bilateral swap agreements between China and the partner countries. Our analysis also reveals that RMB’s inclusion in the SDR was an important factor raising the probability of concluding an RMB bilateral swap agreement.
Evolutionary genetics of translocated island populations of birds: data and opportunities

ABSTRACT Species’ declines around the globe have reached such a rapid rate that without the implementation of extreme conservation methods, we are likely to witness the next mass extinction. Translocation is a popular and growing conservation technique, especially to islands. However, despite the widespread use of this method, the long-term genetic outlook of populations established on islands (namely those with small carrying capacity, and isolated from other populations) is often poorly quantified, and there are conflicting data supporting the relative roles of evolutionary processes such as drift, balancing selection, directional selection and genetic purging. Taking examples from avian translocations, this paper reviews recent data on the genetic dynamics of island populations established for conservation purposes. The goal of conservation genetics is to preserve species’ adaptive potential for the long term. In general, population bottlenecks cause losses of genetic diversity, but there is mixed evidence for the importance of other evolutionary processes, such as maintenance of genetic diversity by balancing selection. There is a clear need for long-term studies that test for associations between genetic change and success of populations established via translocation to conservation islands, and for integration of these observations with ecological and climate data. Combining data types into the future will provide a holistic view on the interactions between the role selection plays, how island populations established by translocations may respond, and how this information can improve conservation strategy.
IMPACT OF OIL PRICES AND STOCK RETURNS: EVIDENCE OF OIL AND GAS MINING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA DURING THE COVID-19 PERIOD

This study points to analyze the determinants of stock return revelation in oil and gas mining division companies recorded on the Indonesia Stock Trade-in 2019-2021 amid the Covid-19 emergency. The think about utilized the Eviews Program as information preparing and the irregular impact relapse show was chosen to look at the relationship between outside and inside markers as autonomous factors counting Current Ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover, return on assets, oil price, an exchange rate, institutional ownership. The comes about appeared that the current proportion, obligation to value ratio and add up to resource turnover did not influence stock returns. Return on resources, exchange rates, and institutional ownership have a negative and significant impact on stock returns, while oil prices have a positive and widespread effect on stock returns. © 2021, Econjournals. All rights reserved.
A New Global Solver for Transmission Expansion Planning With AC Network Model

To design a reliable and secure power system, it is necessary to have enough transmission capacity. The solution of transmission expansion planning (TEP) problem determines cost-optimal investment in future transmission equipment. In this paper, we propose a new global solver, named Global-TEP, for the TEP problem with an AC network representation (ACTEP), which is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. The proposed solver is based on second-order cone relaxation, enhanced relaxation tightening constraints, and optimization-based/feasibility-based bound tightening techniques. Multiple enhanced relaxation tightening constraints are incorporated into the mixed-integer second-order cone relaxation of TEP in order to obtain a very strong relaxation as the lower bounding problem. In addition, a novel feasibility-based bound tightening technique is proposed to tighten the bounds of decision variables in a considerably short runtime. Finally, introducing a novel application of optimization-based bound tightening technique, Global-TEP is constructed that can solve the ACTEP problem efficiently with a guaranteed optimality gap. As illustrated by numerical case studies, Global-TEP is more scalable, more flexible, and much faster than the available global solvers.