Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validity of nodules detected at colonoscopy for the diagnosis of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in children

Introduction: Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the colon is characterized by the presence of >10 lymphoid nodules visible in colonoscopy. There are no studies that confirm their validity when compared with histopathology. Objective: To determine the validity of nodules detected at colonoscopy for the diagnosis of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in children. Materials and methods: Prospective study of diagnostic test accuracy. Colonoscopies performed consecutively from 2014 to 2018 using Olympus PCFQ150AI and GIFXP150N biopsy machines were included. The endoscopic crite rion was the presence of >10 nodules from 2 to 10mm of diameter, while the histological criterion was presence of follicular lymphoid hyperplasia and lymphocyte mantles in lamina propia or submucosa. Data were analyzed in Epidat3.1. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predicti - ve value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) were obtained with their corres ponding confidence intervals. Results: 327 colonoscopies were included; the median age was 84 months. The main indication for colonoscopy was lower gastrointestinal bleeding (38.8 %). Nodules were found in 21 % of the patients, predominantly throughout the whole colon (46 %), whereas histopathology found nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in 38 %. SE for the finding of nodules was 32 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 24-140), SP was 84 % (95 % CI: 79-89), PPV was 56% (95 % CI: 44-68), NPV was 67 % (95 % CI: 61-72), LR+ was 2.04 (95 % CI: 1.4-3) and LR- was 0.8 (95 % CI: 0.8-0.9). Conclusions: The validity of the presence of nodules on colonoscopy for the diagnosis of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is poor, so biopsy should always be performed.
Feasible Structure Manipulation of Vanadium Selenide into VSe2 on Au(111)

Vanadium diselenide (VSe2), a member of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), is proposed with intriguing properties. However, a comprehensive investigation of VSe2 (especially regarding on the growth mechanism) is still lacking. Herein, with the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) measures frequently utilized in surface science, we have successfully synthesized the single-layer VSe2 on Au(111) and revealed its structural transformation using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT). Initially, formation of the honeycomb structure is observed with the moiré periodicity, which is assigned to VSe2. Followed by stepwise annealing, defective structures with streaked patterns start to emerge due to the depletion of Se, which can be reversed to the pristine VSe2 by resupplying Se. With more V than Se deposited, a new compound that has no bulk analogue is discovered on Au(111), which could be transformed back to VSe2 after providing excessive Se. As the realization of manipulating V selenide phases is subtly determined by the relative ratio of V to Se and post-annealing treatments, this report provides useful insights toward fundamental understanding of the growth mechanism of TMDs and might promote the wide application of VSe2 in related fields such as catalysis and nanoelectronics.
Proof and proving in current classroom materials

Research across many countries reports that teaching the key ideas of proof and proving to all students is not an easy task. This paper reports on the session of the BSRLM Geometry Working Group which examined current classroom material from the UK with the intention of uncovering the ‘opportunities for proof’ in geometry that are provided by such material. To carry out such an analysis three analytical frameworks are compared. Two of the analytical frameworks, while placing proof and proving in a wider context of learners’ mathematics, may not fully uncover the detail of proof and proving. The third analytical framework, while permitting a detailed analysis of explicit proof and proving, may not fully account for textbooks that devote most space to discussions of proof and proving and/or contain problems that implicitly provoke proof. This comparison reveals some of the complexity of textbook analysis and suggests that further work is needed on a suitable analytical framework.
The Role of Cognitive Coping Mechanisms in the Psychotherapeutic Approach of the Major Depressive Disorder

The depressive disorder represents nowadays an important global health problem, with severe effects for the affected person and for the society as a whole. The psycho-social factors are a major risk element in the onset of depression, overlapping both on the individual vulnerabilities of the affected person, and on the coping mechanisms, especially the disadaptive one. Our study aims were the comparative evaluation of the cognitive coping mechanisms in the evolution of depression and in determining the quality of the therapeutic response in two samples of depressive patients benefiting from pharmacologic treatment, respectively pharmacologic therapy and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. The most frequently used cognitive coping strategies in the depressive patients from the two samples in the study were predominantly maladaptive, more precisely ruminating, catastrophizing, self-culpability, respectively putting into perspective. It was evident though that the adaptative coping mechanisms, such as accepting the current situation, positive refocus and positive re-evaluation, are protective factors contributing to reaching psycho-social rehabilitation and granting support to the combined therapeutic intervention. Consequently, the identification of coping mechanisms dominant in each individual with major depression is required in order to increase the efficiency of cognitive behavior therapy as enhancer for pharmaco-therapy.
Variable stars in the VVV globular clusters II. NGC 6441, NGC 6569, NGC 6626 (M 28), NGC 6656 (M 22), 2MASS-GC 02, and Terzan 10 (cid:63)

Context. The Galactic globular clusters (GGCs) located in the inner regions of the Milky Way su ﬀ er from high extinction that makes their observation challenging. High densities of ﬁeld stars in their surroundings complicate their study even more. The VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) survey provides a way to explore these GGCs in the near-infrared where extinction e ﬀ ects are highly diminished. Aims. We conduct a search for variable stars in several inner GGCs, taking advantage of the unique multi-epoch, wide-ﬁeld, near-infrared photom- etry provided by the VVV survey. We are especially interested in detecting classical pulsators that will help us constrain the physical parameters of these GGCs. In this paper, the second of a series, we focus on NGC6656 (M22), NGC6626 (M28), NGC6569, and NGC6441; these four massive GGCs have known variable sources, but quite di ﬀ erent metallicities. We also revisit 2MASS-GC 02 and Terzan 10, the two GGCs studied in the ﬁrst paper of this series. Methods. We present an improved method and a new parameter that e ﬃ ciently identify variable candidates in the GGCs. We also use the proper motions of those detected variable candidates and their positions in the sky and in the color-magnitude diagrams to assign membership to the GGCs. Results. We identify and parametrize in the near-infrared numerous variable sources in the studied GGCs, cataloging tens of previously undetected variable stars. We recover many known classical pulsators in these clusters, including the vast majority of their fundamental mode RR Lyrae. We use these pulsators to obtain distances and extinctions toward these objects. Recalibrated period–luminosity–metallicity relations for the RR Lyrae bring the distances to these GGCs to a closer agreement with those reported by Gaia , except for NGC6441, which is an uncommon Oosterho ﬀ III GGC. Recovered proper motions for these GGCs also agree with those reported by Gaia , except for 2MASS-GC 02, the most reddened GGC in our sample, where the VVV near-infrared measurements provide a more accurate determination of its proper motions.
Comparison between digital intraoral radiography (PSP) and Cone Beam CT images in detection internal root resorption (in-vitro study)

Background and Aim: Root resorption is one of the most difficult diagnostic problems in endodontic treatment. Since successful treatment depends on early diagnosis of this pathology, using several diagnostic methods such as radiographic images based on films, digital images and advanced diagnostic techniques such as Cone Beam CT are important. Therefore, in this study, we compared digital radiography images with PSP detector with CBCT images in diagnosis of these lesions. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 45 single rooted intact teeth were sectioned in mesiodistal direction and internal resorption in the apical, middle and cervical region of tooth was made. Both group teeth were imaged with digital periapical radiographies (Digora ® Optime PSP System / Sordex) and CBCT (Newtom VGi -Italy). Analysis of periapical and CBCT images of the teeth at each site were evaluated by an experienced observer. Positive and negative predictive values for each imaging technique were calculated using T-Test; and chi-square test was used to compare two different imaging techniques and the location of the resorption by using SPSS 19 software. Result: In overall, CBCT images showed significantly higher agreement (p<0.000) and less errors (false positive+ false negative) rather than images from periapical digital systems. Also in diagnosis of internal resorption in apical region the relative risk in digital images is four times greater than that obtained from CBCT images. Conclusion: According to this study, it seems, CBCT images compared with digital periapical radiography, have less errors in the detection of internal root resorption lesions, especially in apical region,
The Co-evolution of the WordPress Platform and Its Plugins

One can extend the features of a software system by installing a set of additional components called plugins. WordPress, as a typical example of such plugin-based software ecosystems, is used by millions of websites and has a large number (i.e., 54,777) of available plugins. These plugin-based software ecosystems are different from traditional ecosystems (e.g., NPM dependencies) in the sense that there is high coupling between a platform and its plugins compared to traditional ecosystems for which components might not necessarily depend on each other (e.g., NPM libraries do not depend on a specific version of NPM or a specific version of a client software system). The high coupling between a plugin and its platform and other plugins causes incompatibility issues that occur during the co-evolution of a plugin and its platform as well as other plugins. In fact, incompatibility issues represent a major challenge when upgrading WordPress or its plugins. According to our study of the top 500 most-released WordPress plugins, we observe that incompatibility issues represent the third major cause for bad releases, which are rapidly (within the next 24 hours) fixed via urgent releases. Thirty-two percent of these incompatibilities are between a plugin and WordPress while 19% are between peer plugins. In this article, we study how plugins co-evolve with the underlying platform as well as other plugins, in an effort to understand the practices that are related support such co-evolution and reduce incompatibility issues. In particular, we investigate how plugins support the latest available versions of WordPress, as well as how plugins are related to each other, and how they co-evolve. We observe that a plugin’s support of new versions of WordPress with a large amount of code change is risky, as the releases that declare such support have a higher chance to be followed by an urgent release compared to ordinary releases. Although plugins support the latest WordPress version, plugin developers omit important changes such as deleting the use of removed WordPress APIs, which are removed a median of 873 days after the APIs have been removed from the source code of WordPress. Plugins introduce new releases that are made according to a median of five other plugins, which we refer to as peer-triggered releases. A median of 20% of the peer-triggered releases are urgent releases that fix problems in their previous releases. The most common goal of peer-triggered releases is the fixing of incompatibility issues that a plugin detects as late as after a median of 36 days since the last release of another plugin. Our work sheds light on the co-evolution of WordPress plugins with their platform as well as peer plugins in an effort to uncover the practices of plugin evolution, so WordPress can accordingly design approaches to avoid incompatibility issues.
FiRe2: An Online Database for Photographic and Cinematographic Film Technical Data

Among the great variety of our Cultural Heritage, photographic and cinematographic materials are fundamental and direct witnesses of the past. As often happens when dealing with materials of cultural interest, even photographic and cinematographic films can undergo severe deterioration, aging, and color fading throughout the time, leading to the need for proper restoration, conservation, and preservation of these materials. In this context, even though the digitization process is becoming more and more essential, analyzing and studying the analog materials remains fundamental to perform a retrieval or a correction faithful to the original material. For this reason, the lack of technical information (especially for the oldest materials) and the absence of open source archives of the producing companies underlines the actual and concrete need for a database of physical, chemical, and sensitometric data of both cinematography and photographic films. The aim of this work is the creation and the promotion of FiRe2, a big and unique database of cinematographic and photographic materials to support the work of conservators, restorers, and researchers, as the availability of information and the cooperation between institutions and professionals are essential for preserving our Cultural Heritage.
The interaction engine: cuteness selection and the evolution of the interactional base for language

The deep structural diversity of languages suggests that our language capacities are not based on any single template but rather on an underlying ability and motivation for infants to acquire a culturally transmitted system. The hypothesis is that this ability has an interactional base that has discernable precursors in other primates. In this paper, I explore a specific evolutionary route for the most puzzling aspect of this interactional base in humans, namely the development of an empathetic intentional stance. The route involves a generalization of mother–infant interaction patterns to all adults via a process (cuteness selection) analogous to, but distinct from, RA Fisher's runaway sexual selection. This provides a cornerstone for the carrying capacity for language. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Revisiting the human ‘interaction engine’: comparative approaches to social action coordination’.
Model D&m Is Success Efektifitas Sim-litabmas di Upn “Veteran” Jawa Timur

Abstrak Nowadays, information system has a strategic role in providing support to a university, which provide support for administrative services, as a teaching tool and a means of communication and the use of Information Technology to help make decisions. SIM-LITABMAS application program serves as a replacement nomination process P2M proposals that were previously done manually and will now be done by on-line (on-line proposal). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of system quality, information quality and service quality to the intention of using, and the net benefit to the lecturers at the Veterans National Development University of East Java. Exogenous variables in this study is the quality of the system, the quality of information and service quality. Intention to use endogenous variables and net benefits. The target population is on the faculty at the University of National Development Veteran East Java. To test the hypothesis used Structural Equation Model. The results of the study are: (1) System quality does not affect the of Intention to Use; (2) Quality of information affect the Intention to Use; (3) The service quality affect the Intention to Use; (4) Intention to Use an effect on net benefits.
A synthetic C2 auxotroph of Pseudomonas putida for evolutionary engineering of alternative sugar catabolic routes

Acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) is a metabolic hub in virtually all living cells, serving as both a key precursor of essential biomass components and a metabolic sink for catabolic pathways of a large variety of substrates. Owing to this dual role, tight growth-production coupling schemes can be implemented around the AcCoA node. Inspired by this concept, a synthetic C2 auxotrophy was implemented in the platform bacterium Pseudomonas putida through an in silico-guided engineering approach. A growth-coupling strategy, driven by AcCoA demand, allowed for direct selection of an alternative sugar assimilation route—the phosphoketolase (PKT) shunt from bifidobacteria. Adaptive laboratory evolution forced the synthetic auxotroph to integrate the PKT shunt to restore C2 prototrophy. Large-scale structural chromosome rearrangements were identified as possible mechanisms for adjusting the network-wide proteome profile, resulting in improved PKT-dependent growth phenotypes. 13C-based metabolic flux analysis revealed an even split between the native Entner-Doudoroff and the synthetic PKT pathway for glucose processing, leading to enhanced carbon conservation. These results demonstrate that the P. putida metabolism can be radically rewired to incorporate a synthetic C2 metabolism, creating novel network connectivities and highlighting the importance of unconventional engineering strategies to support efficient microbial production.
Visuomotor phase-locked loop reproduces elliptic hand trajectories across different rhythms

A well-known phenomenon in human hand movement is the correlation between speed and curvature, also known as the speed-curvature power law (V≈kCβ). In drawing elliptic shapes, the exponent is often found to be β ≈ −1/3, however it is not clear why the power law appears and why the exponent is near −1/3. More fundamentally, it is not clear how do people track elliptic targets. In answering these questions, I’ve analyzed trajectories of participants’ cursors while they tracked visual targets moving along elliptical paths, across different target speed profiles and cycle frequencies. The speed-curvature power law emerged when drawing ellipses at about 1 Hz or faster, regardless of the target speed profile, and it did not emerge for lower frequency movements. Analysis of the position frequency spectrum shows that the target-cursor trajectory transformation may be seen as a low-pass filter. Comparison of different hypothetical salient features of the visual field shows that phase difference (angular difference between the cursor and the target) and size difference (difference in the sizes of the elliptic paths) are the features most likely used in the task. The next experiment confirmed that phase and size difference could be controlled variables because participants kept them stable even under direct pseudorandom disturbances. A numerical model simulating the sensorimotor processes of the participant, similar to a phase-locked loop, using the visual features of phase and size difference as controlled variables, performed the same target tracking tasks as the participants. When fitted, the model closely replicated position and speed profiles of the participants across all trials, as well as the emergence of the power law at high frequencies. The model also reproduced the trajectories of participants in the experiment with direct pseudorandom disturbances. In conclusion (1) the speed-curvature power law emerges as a side effect of movement system properties, namely low-pass filtering in the sensorimotor loop; (2) people could be tracking elliptical targets by varying the frequency and amplitude of an internal pattern generator until the produced phase and shape size match the target’s phase and shape size. The model generates new hypotheses about the neural mechanisms of rhythmic movement control.
Fragment size and diversity of mulches affect their decomposition, nutrient dynamics, and soil microbiology

Plant-based mulch has been proposed as a sustainable way of maintaining soil fertility. However, the role of mulch diversity, quality, and size in decomposition dynamics, and their effect on crop yield are not fully explored. We investigated how mulch quality, proxied by the constituent plant species diversity, and residue size drive mulch decomposition, crop nutrition, and yield. A rhizotron experiment was set up with barley as a model crop, with the addition of mulch of two particle sizes (1.5 and 30 cm) and four different plant residue mixes (17, 12, 6, and 1 species) in a fully factorial design. Soil nutrient dynamics were measured at advanced decomposition stages, together with residue quality, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) root colonization, and crop yield. Residue mass loss was significantly affected by its chemical composition. Long residues retained significantly higher C and N content, than short residues. Crop yield was not affected by residue type or size. Residue size significantly affected barley growth rate, influencing seed protein content. Soil available K was significantly increased by residues with a higher initial C:N ratio. Short residues resulted in higher soil Zn. Residues of higher diversity resulted in higher AMF root colonization of the barley plants. Generally, long residue mulches maintain soil fertility for a longer period than short ones, without a deleterious effect on crop yield. Further investigation should evaluate the effect of continuous application of long residue mulches on soil fertility and microbial populations.
Cohesin is involved in transcriptional repression of stage-specific genes in the human malaria parasite

The most virulent human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, has a complex life cycle between its human host and mosquito vector. Each stage is driven by a specific transcriptional program, but with a relatively high ratio of genes to specific transcription factors, it is unclear how genes are activated or silenced at specific times. The P. falciparum genome is relatively euchromatic compared to the mammalian genome, except for specific genes that are uniquely heterochromatinized via HP1. There seems to be an association between gene activity and spatial organization; however, the molecular mechanisms behind genome organization are unclear. While P. falciparum lacks key genome-organizing proteins found in metazoans, it does have all core components of the cohesin complex. In other eukaryotes, cohesin is involved in sister chromatid cohesion, transcription, and genome organization. To investigate the role of cohesin in P. falciparum, we combined genome editing, mass spectrometry, chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq), and RNA sequencing to functionally characterize the cohesin subunit Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes protein 3 (SMC3). SMC3 knockdown in early stages of the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC) resulted in significant upregulation of a subset of genes involved in erythrocyte egress and invasion, which are normally expressed at later stages. ChIP-seq of SMC3 revealed that over the IDC, enrichment at the promoter regions of these genes inversely correlates with their expression and chromatin accessibility levels. These data suggest that SMC3 binding helps to repress specific genes until their appropriate time of expression, revealing a new mode of stage-specific, HP1-independent gene repression in P. falciparum.