Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monetary Policy with Uncertain Inflation Persistence

: When uncertain about inflation persistence, central banks are well-advised to adopt a robust strategy when setting interest rates. This robust approach, characterized by a "better safe than sorry" philosophy, entails incurring a modest cost to safeguard against a protracted period of deviating inflation. Applied to the post-pandemic period of exceptional uncertainty and elevated inflation, this strategy would have called for a tightening bias. Specifically, a high level of uncertainty surrounding wage, profit, and price dynamics requires a more front-loaded increase in interest rates compared to a baseline scenario which the policymaker fully understands how shocks to those variables are transmitted to inflation and output. This paper provides empirical evidence of such uncertainty and estimates a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model for the euro area to derive a robust interest rate path for the ECB which serves to illustrate the case for insuring against inflation turning out to have greater persistence.
A socio-economic survey of pangolin hunting in Assam, Northeast India

India has been identified as a source country for the illegal international trade in endangered pangolins, “scaly mammalian anteaters”, widely considered as the “world’s most trafficked mammal”. In this study, we investigated the involvement of hunters belonging principally to three locally prominent tribes (Biate, Dimasa and Karbi) in Assam State, Northeast India. Based on the results of interviews with 141 individuals, we conclude that all three tribal groups engaged in pangolin hunting between 2011 and 2016. Although pangolin meat is used locally, we found that hunters largely targeted pangolins for their scales and that substantial commercial gain via urban middlemen has now supplanted low-level traditional use as the primary driver for this activity. On average, each hunter captured one pangolin per year with the potential to earn 9,000 INR (135 USD) for a single animal (equating to approximately four months average income). The majority of hunters (89%) stated that pangolins were less abundant than they were five years ago, which suggests off-take is unsustainable. All hunters interviewed appeared to hunt pangolins occasionally, regardless of tribe, demography or income, which suggests that any mitigation strategy should focus on rural hunters. Whilst interventions to reduce poverty are no doubt required, we argue that such interventions alone are unlikely to be effective in reducing pangolin hunting. Rather, there is a need for co-ordinated packages of mutually reinforcing interventions to address this pangolin hunting in a more comprehensive manner. In particular, implementing a demand reduction strategy targeting urban consumers is urgently required.
Associations between hypertension and cognitive, mood, and behavioral parameters in very old adults: results from the IlSIRENTE study

Introduction Studies on the associations between hypertension-related parameters and cognitive function, mood, and behavioral symptoms in older adults have produced mixed findings. A possible explanation for these divergent results is that investigations have not adequately adjusted their analyses according to the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). Therefore, the present study examined the cross-sectional associations between hypertension-related parameters, ACEI use, and cognitive function, mood, and behavioral symptoms in very old adults. Methods This study was conducted by analyzing the IlSIRENTE database, a prospective cohort study that collected data on all individuals aged 80 years and older residing in the Sirente geographic area (n = 364). Blood pressure (BP) was assessed after 20 to 40 min of rest, while participants sat in an upright position. Drugs were coded according to the Anatomical Therapeutic and Chemical codes. Cognitive function, mood, and behavioral symptoms were recorded using the Minimum Data Set Home Care instrument. Blood inflammatory markers were measured. Results Hypertension-related parameters were significantly associated with many cognitive, mood, and behavioral parameters after adjustment for covariates. However, only the inverse association between hypertension and lesser problems with short-term memory remained significant. Participants with hypertension had lower blood concentrations of inflammatory markers in comparison to their normotensive peers. Conclusion Findings from the present study indicate that high BP values are associated with fewer complaints about memory problems in very old adults. Furthermore, a lower concentration of inflammatory markers was found in hypertensive participants. ACEI use might affect this scenario.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Planning in the UNS Hospital Pharmacy Installation in 2021

Planning is a drug selection activity in determining the type and amount of drug to increase efficiency, periodic and rational use of drugs, as well as obtaining an estimate of the amount of drug needed. Antibiotics are drugs that are often used and absorb many funds, so effective planning needs to be done so that inventory can be under control. This study aims to obtain a drug classification for antibiotics with the ABC analysis method to facilitate the control of antibiotic drugs in the Hospital Pharmacy Installation UNS. This research includes non-experimental research with descriptive analysis using quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data was obtained from prescriptions containing antibiotic drugs during 2021, and qualitative data regarding planning processes and systems procurement of drugs was obtained based on interviews with the Hospital Pharmacy Installation UNS warehouse coordinator. In this study, the results obtained were that of 100 drug items antibiotics, class A consists of three drug items (22.2%), class B consists of 10 drug items (22.47%), and class C consists of 57 drug items (55.33%). Class A has a planned budget proportion of IDR 413,106,692 (66.73%) of the total budget: IDR 619,100,298; Class B has a planned budget proportion of IDR 140,848,487 (22.75%); Class C has a planned budget proportion of IDR 65,145,119 (10.52%). Using the ABC method can simplify planning and procuring drugs and affect the proportion of the budget for drug procurement in hospitals.
Effects of rainfall patterns in dry and rainy seasons on the biomass, ecostoichiometric characteristics, and NSC content of Fraxinus malacophylla seedlings

With global climate change and rising temperatures, rainfall will change. The impact of global rainfall changes on ecosystems has prompted people to delve deeper into how changes in rainfall affect plant growth; Plant biomass, nutrient element content, and non-structural carbohydrate content are very sensitive to changes in precipitation. Therefore, understanding the impact of rainfall changes on seedlings is crucial. However, it is currently unclear how the seedlings of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl in rocky desertification areas respond to changes in rainfall. In this study, the response of biomass, nutrient accumulation, and NSC content of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl seedlings to different rainfall intervals and rainfall during the dry and rainy seasons was studied. Use natural rainfall duration of 5 days (T) and extended rainfall duration of 10 days(T+) as rainfall intervals; average monthly rainfall was used as the control (W), with a corresponding 40% increase in rainfall (W+) and a 40% decrease in rainfall (W-) as rainfall treatments. The research results indicate that the biomass of roots, stems, and leaves, as well as the accumulation of C, N, and P in Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl seedlings increase with the increase of rainfall, while the soluble sugar and starch content show a pattern of first increasing and then decreasing. The biomass and nutrient accumulation of each organ showed root>leaf>stem. Except for the beginning of the dry season, prolonging the duration of rainfall in other periods inhibits the biomass accumulation of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl seedlings, and promotes the accumulation of C, N, and P nutrients and an increase in soluble sugar and starch content. There was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between the nutrient contents of C, N, and P in various organs, as well as between soluble sugar and starch content; And N: P>16, plant growth is limited by P element. These results indicate that changes in rainfall can affect the growth and development of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl seedlings, increasing rainfall can promote biomass and nutrient accumulation of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl seedlings, and prolonging rainfall intervals and reducing rainfall have inhibitory effects on them. The exploration of the adaptation of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl seedlings to rainfall patterns has promoted a basic understanding of the impact of rainfall changes on the growth of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl. This provides a theoretical basis for understanding how Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl can grow better under rainfall changes and for future management of Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl artificial forests in rocky desertification areas.
Using Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network to Assess the Critical Factors of Traffic Accidents

This study is based on the traffic accident data of Taoyuan City from the government's open data. The study compiled the data set of traffic accidents in Taiwan from 2012 to 2017, and six classifiers were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic accident prediction with the number of injuries as the prediction target. In order to verify the classifier's stability, cross-validation was used to evaluate the model during the training process, and the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) classifier performed best in testing the dataset's accuracy and evaluating the model's best performance. Then, a boosting ensemble learning approach and a combination of traffic accident factors improve the experiment's performance. According to this experiment, the results show that this study uses the Pearson Chi-square feature selection method to select important traffic factor combinations, and the boosting method indeed helps improve the effectiveness of the construction of the traffic accident model. Finally, the experimental results of the NN-MLP model have a correct rate of 77% and AUC is 78.7%. In constructing the model, it was found that the degree of injury, the part of the vehicle hit, the type of accident, the leading cause, the type of vehicle, and the period of the accident were the main factors causing dangerous traffic accidents. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-01-012 Full Text: PDF
Reproduction Performance of Ongole Grade Cows and Its Crossbreds in Pacitan Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia

This study aimed to determine the reproduction performance of Ongole grade cows and its crossbreds in Pacitan district, East Java province, Indonesia including the age of first mating (AFM), the age of first calving (AFC), service per conception (S/C), postpartum oestrus (PPO), postpartum mating (PPM). The research method was a direct research conducted in the field and using survey method with purposive sampling. This research was conducted in 2010 using reproduction data on Ongole grade cows (PO) and its crossbreds. The crossbreds were LimPO (LimousinexPO) and SimPO (SimmentalxPO). During observation, this study used 35 heads of each breed. Data were analyzed descriptively. Reproduction performance analysis result of PO, LimPO, SimPO cows respectively obtained; 1) AFM were 1.86±0.39 years; 1.74±0.25 years; 1.79±0.28 years, 2) AFC were 2.95±0.44 years; 2.73±0.28 years; 2.72±0.29 years, 3) S/C were 1.71±0.87; 1.42±0.56; 1.55±0.66, 4) PPO were 4.14±1.23 months; 4.00±1.09 months; 4.63±1.16 months, 5) PPM were 5.27±1.54 months; 4.42±1.30 months; 4.63±1.57 months.
Financial Technology Adoption on Payment Systems and Financial Transactions Among Millenials in Indonesia

This research aims to see how far the adoption of digital payment systems and electronic financial transactions in Indonesia is based on the factors used in the theory acceptance model (TAM) method, such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Several factors, such as social influences, financial literacy, security and privacy, and government support, are added to the effects of the intention to adopt digital payments, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Data processes with SmartPLS 3 and uses SEM-PLS method to see that all the factors are supported to adopt digital payment systems in Indonesia. Results show that perceived usefulness and ease of use are the factors that drive the intention to adopt digital payment systems. Besides that, government support drives the intention to adopt digital payment systems by regulations to develop digital payment ecosystems. Others such as social influences, financial literacy, and security-privacy aren’t influenced on intention to adopt digital payment systems in Indonesia.
Downward influence of stratospheric final warming events in an idealized model

The stratospheric final warming is the final transition of the zonal winds from wintertime westerlies to summertime easterlies as solar heating of the high latitude stratosphere increases. Here the stratospheric influence on the tropospheric circulation during the stratospheric final warming events is investigated through ensemble model integrations of a simple dynamical core general circulation model. When the radiative equilibrium temperature in the stratosphere alone is gradually changed from a winter to a summer profile, the model generates realistic final warmings. As in the observations, the simulated final warmings occur at different “dates” in different realizations. Following previously published analyses of observed final warmings, we form a climatological springtime transition and compute composite anomalies centered on the final warmings. Simulations for both non‐topographic and topographic cases show that starting five days before the final warming, the stratospheric zonal wind rapidly decelerates, in association with a strong upward Eliassen‐Palm (EP) flux anomaly and EP flux convergence. Precursor events of wave driven zonal‐wind deceleration occur, but at different times in simulations with and without topography. The composite zonal wind anomalies for final warmings with and without topography are compared with each other and with observations. In both cases, a statistically significant zonal wind anomaly extends downward to the surface, similarly to what is observed in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). These tropospheric zonal wind anomalies are stronger in the simulations with topography. Tropospheric geopotential height anomalies across the final warming also resemble NH observations.
New Perspectives in Third Molar Auto-Transplantation: Literature Review and a Case Report of Clinical, Financial and Forensic Implications

Third molar extraction is the most common procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Third molars are considered less functional than other teeth and are often extracted. Sometimes, they are also used for auto-transplantation for the benefit of oral rehabilitation. Since many biological factors are involved in this surgical approach, herein, we outline a review of the biological characteristics of medico-legal/forensic interest, in addition to presenting a successful clinical case. A scoping review of currently available research data (following the principles of PRISMA-ScR or the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) on third molar auto-transplantation was conducted by drawing upon the main databases (Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and LILACS) to evaluate biological and clinical characteristics possibly relatable to forensic issues. All the collected data were summarized and elaborated on for the purpose of this article. A patient underwent extraction of the right upper first molar and auto-transplantation of the unerupted ipsilateral third molar. Many biologic and clinical factors are involved in the success of this clinical procedure. Knowledge of third molar anatomy, of its development and viable surgical approaches are all essential elements; just as important are the treatment of the tooth before and after transplantation and the integrity of the periodontal ligament. Follow-up of the clinical case for 5 years made it possible to verify the stability of the procedure over time. Third molar auto-transplantation is feasible and cost-effective. However, the use of third molars as donor teeth in auto-transplantation may have medico-legal implications. The lack of official protocols and consistent evidence-based guidelines for operators still prevent such a procedure from becoming mainstream; therefore, it is viewed with suspicion by clinicians and patients, even though the biological factors herein detected point to a reasonably high degree of safety. The understanding of many specific biological and clinical factors involved in the stability of third molar auto-transplantation allows for a thorough understanding of the forensic implications relevant to clinical practice. Effective communication and information provision are therefore of utmost importance, in the interest of both patients and doctors.
Subjective Mapping of Dust-Emission Sources by Using MODIS Imagery: Reproducibility Assessment

Abstract : Dust storms (5 to 100 km across) often originate from multiple dust-emission sources (1 to 10 km across). Remote-sensing-based dust-source identification is a challenge. A previous study developed a subjective approach for mapping dust sources by using enhanced MODIS satellite imagery; therefore, this study conducted mapping exercises to assess the reproducibility of this technique amongst multiple analysts and in different regions. Multiple staff members independently analyzed satellite imagery for mappable dust sources for Southwest Asia and the Southwest United States. Mapped points were considered reproducible if the location of dust emission plumes identified by all participants could be constrained to a 10 km buffer. Using this definition, point-source locations were 28% reproducible in Southwest Asia and 85% reproducible in the Southwest United States. Increasing the allotted buffer to 15 km, however, improved results to 71% and 100%, respectively. Mapped dust sources for Southwest Asia were compared to geomorphic landform maps. At the 1:750,000 map scale, points mapped by all analysts for a single dust plume tended to overlay one landform, while at the 1:100,000 map scale, points were strewn across several landforms. Results suggest that the methodology is reproducible for certain applications but that location-uncertainty tolerance affects perceived conclusions.
Metal Speciation in Sediment from Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay Using of BCR Sequential Extraction Procedure

The assessment of the biological availability of metals is rarely used only by knowing the total concentration of the metal. Therefore, six sediment samples from Muara Angke, Teluk Jakarta were assessed the chemical speciation of heavy metals. This study aims to determine metal speciation using the BCR sequential extraction procedure and to determine metal speciation to evaluate bioavailability in the sediments of Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay. In sediment from Muara Angke, the ability to move sequence of heavy metals studied was Pb>Zn>Cu>Ni. The mostly accumulated in the non-residual fraction of the total concentrations are Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn which indicated that the mobility and anthropogenic inputs of these metals in Muara Angke were quite high. The Risk Assessment Code (RAC) reveal that Zn and Ni at almost station exist in exchangeable and a fraction of carbonate-bound and therefore high-risk category. Most of the Cu at most of the station is in the oxidizable fraction, except a small portion found at all station is in the exchangeable fraction and fraction of carbonate-bound thus posing a low risk for the waters environment. The patterns of Pb speciation show no to low risk to the waters environment. However, metal observations in the waters are necessary because they are persistent and can accumulate which threatening the water environment.
Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis and Functional Validation of Litter Size Traits in Jining Grey Goats

DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with the reproductive system. However, the genetic mechanism through which DNAm regulates gene expression and thus affects litter size in goats is unclear. Therefore, in the present work, genome-wide DNAm profiles of HP and LP Jining Grey goat ovary tissues were comprehensively analyzed via WGBS, and RNA-Seq data were combined to identify candidate genes associated with litter size traits in the Jining Grey goat. Finally, BSP and RT-qPCR were used to verify the sequencing results of the key genes. Notably, the DNMT genes were downregulated at the expression level in the HP group. Both groups exhibited comparable levels of methylation. A total of 976 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) (973 DMRs for CG and 3 DMRs for CHG) and 310 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were identified in this study. Through integration of WGBS and RNA-Seq data, we identified 59 differentially methylated and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and ultimately screened 8 key DMGs (9 DMRS) associated with litter size traits in Jining Grey goats (SERPINB2: chr24_62258801_62259000, NDRG4: chr18_27599201_27599400, CFAP43: chr26_27046601_27046800, LRP1B. chr2_79720201_79720400, EPHA6: chr1_40088601_40088800, TTC29: chr17_59385801_59386000, PDE11A: chr2_117418601_117418800 and PGF: chr10_ 16913801_16914000 and chr10_16916401_16916600). In summary, our research comprehensively analyzed the genome-wide DNAm profiles of HP and LP Jining Grey goat ovary tissues. The data findings suggest that DNAm in goat ovaries may play an important role in determining litter size.
Determining the Bulk Lifetime of Unpassivated Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers

The determination of the bulk lifetime of bare multicrystalline silicon wafers without the need of surface passivation is a desirable goal. The implementation of an in-line carrier lifetime analysis is only of benefit if the mea- surements can be done on bare unprocessed wafers and if the measured effective lifetime is clearly related to the bulk lifetime of the wafer. In this work we present a detailed experimental study demonstrating the relationship between the effective carrier lifetime of unpassivated wafers and their bulk carrier lifetime. Numerical modelling using the device si- mulation program PC1D is used to describe this relationship for different surface conditions taking into account the im- pact of a saw damage layers with poor electronic quality. Our results show that a prediction of the bulk lifetime from qua- si-steady state photo conductance (QSSPC) carrier lifetime measurements on bare wafers is possible. Based on these re- sults we suggest a simple procedure to implement the analysis for in-line inspection. Furthermore, we examine the rela- tion between the effective lifetime of the bare, unprocessed wafers and the energy conversion efficiencies of solar cells made from neighboring wafers and find a clear correlation independent of the wafer position in the multicrystalline block.