Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The application of inferior vena cava filters in orthopaedics and current research advances

Deep vein thrombosis is a common clinical peripheral vascular disease that occurs frequently in orthopaedic patients and may lead to pulmonary embolism (PE) if the thrombus is dislodged. pulmonary embolism can be prevented by placing an inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) to intercept the dislodged thrombus. Thus, IVCFs play an important role in orthopaedics. However, the occurrence of complications after inferior vena cava filter placement, particularly recurrent thromboembolism, makes it necessary to carefully assess the risk-benefit of filter placement. There is no accepted statement as to whether IVCF should be placed in orthopaedic patients. Based on the problems currently displayed in the use of IVCFs, an ideal IVCF is proposed that does not affect the vessel wall and haemodynamics and intercepts thrombi well. The biodegradable filters that currently exist come close to the description of an ideal filter that can reduce the occurrence of various complications. Currently available biodegradable IVCFs consist of various organic polymeric materials. Biodegradable metals have shown good performance in making biodegradable IVCFs. However, among the available experimental studies on degradable filters, there are no experimental studies on filters made of degradable metals. This article reviews the use of IVCFs in orthopaedics, the current status of filters and the progress of research into biodegradable vena cava filters and suggests possible future developments based on the published literature by an electronic search of PubMed and Medline databases for articles related to IVCFs searchable by October 2022 and a manual search for citations to relevant studies.
Construct validity of questionnaires for the original and revised reinforcement sensitivity theory

This study highlights psychometric properties and evidence of construct validity on parcel-level for questionnaires on the original and revised reinforcement sensitivity theory. Our data (N = 1,076) suggest good to very good psychometric properties and moderate to excellent internal consistencies. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models suggest a very good model fit for the first-order, four factor models of the Carver-White BIS/BAS scales, Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory – Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ), the two-factor model of revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory-Questionnaire (rRST-Q) and for the bifactor model of the Conflict Monitoring Questionnaire (CMQ-44). The CMQ-44 extends the psychometric measurement of previous trait-(r)BIS and trait-BAS scales. Factor scores of CMQ-44 cognitive demand correlate positively with factor scores of Carver-White BIS and all Carver-White BAS subfactors except RST-PQ-Impulsivity suggesting that CMQ-44 cognitive demand addresses Carver-White trait-BIS specifically and more generally the trait-BAS core. CMQ-44 anticipation of negative consequences and response adaptation correlate negatively with trait-BAS, whereas the second-order factor performance monitoring extends the rRST trait-space and correlates positively with trait-BAS.
On excitation of Görtler vortices due to scattering of free-stream vortices on surface non-uniformities

The study is devoted to experimental investigation of processes of excitation of non-stationary Görtler vortices in a boundary layer on a concave wall by vortices convected in free stream. In the present set of experiments, performed at controlled disturbance conditions, several cases of possible receptivity mechanisms have been considered: (i) scattering of 2D freestream vortices on localized 3D surface non-uniformities, (ii) scattering of 3D freestream vortices on localized 2D surface non-uniformities, (iii) scattering of 2D freestream vortices on uncontrolled 3D base-flow non-uniformities and (iv) scattering of 3D freestream vortices on natural 2D base-flow non-uniformities. Cases (i) and (ii) represent localized types of the vortex-receptivity mechanisms, while cases (iii) and (iv) correspond to distributed type of vortex-receptivity mechanisms. Accurate measurements are carried out in a broad range of experimental parameters. It is found that in cases (i), (ii), and (iii) no generation of measurable Görtler vortices is observed. However, the interaction of 3D convected vorticity with the growing boundary layer (case (iv)) does lead to excitation of rather intensive Görtler vortices. In this case the distributed receptivity mechanism is able to change significantly the growth rates of the exciting unsteady Görtler vortices. The corresponding receptivity coefficients are evaluated.
Genome-wide survey of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CPKs) in five Brassica species and identification of CPKs induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae in B. rapa, B. oleracea, and B. napus

Calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) is a class of Ser/Thr protein kinase that exists in plants and some protozoa, possessing Ca2+ sensing functions and kinase activity. To better reveal the roles that Brassica CPKs played during plant response to stresses, five Brassica species, namely Brassica rapa (B. rapa), Brassica nigra (B. nigra), Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea), Brassica juncea (B. juncea), and Brassica napus (B. napus) were selected and analyzed. In total, 51 BraCPK, 56 BniCPK, 56 BolCPK, 88 BjuCPK, and 107 BnaCPK genes were identified genome wide and phylogenetics, chromosomal mapping, collinearity, promoter analysis, and biological stress analysis were conducted. The results showed that a typical CPK gene was constituted by a long exon and tandem short exons. They were unevenly distributed on most chromosomes except chromosome A08 in B. napus and B. rapa, and almost all CPK genes were located on regions of high gene density as non-tandem form. The promoter regions of BraCPKs, BolCPKs, and BnaCPKs possessed at least three types of cis-elements, among which the abscisic acid responsive-related accounted for the largest proportion. In the phylogenetic tree, CPKs were clustered into four primary groups, among which group I contained the most CPK genes while group IV contained the fewest. Some clades, like AT5G23580.1(CPK12) and AT2G31500.1 (CPK24) contained much more gene members than others, indicating a possibility that gene expansion occurred during evolution. Furthermore, 4 BraCPKs, 14 BolCPKs, and 31 BnaCPKs involved in the Plasmodiophora brassicae (P. brassicae) defense response in resistant (R) or susceptible (S) materials were derived from online databases, leading to the discovery that some R-specific induced CPKs, such as BnaC02g08720D, BnaA03g03800D, and BolC04g018270.2J. m1 might be ideal candidate genes for P. brassicae resistant research. Overall, these results provide valuable information for research on the function and evolution of CDK genes.
The mediating role of self-continuity on the link between childhood adversity and loneliness in later life

Many factors may influence adaptation to critical life events such as divorce and bereavement in the second half of life, including having faced childhood adversity. However, pathways to reduced adaptation success are poorly understood. Self-continuity, an identity mechanism that incorporates life changes into a coherent life story, may contribute to better adaptation to adult critical life events, such as feeling less socially and emotionally lonely. We investigated the mediating role of self-continuity channeling the effects of childhood adversity on later life adaptation outcomes among individuals who had experienced divorce or bereavement. Data were derived from the longitudinal LIVES Intimate Partner Loss Study conducted in Switzerland from 2012 to 2016. The sample consisted of individuals who had experienced divorce (n = 416, Mage = 57.35) or bereavement (n = 339, Mage = 71.36) in later life, and a continuously married control group (n = 925, Mage = 67.04). Multilevel moderated mediations were used. Self-continuity mediated the effect of childhood adversity on emotional loneliness for all marital groups, but to a greater extent among divorcees. Self-continuity also mediated the effect of childhood adversity on social loneliness; however, this effect did not differ by marital group. In conclusion, childhood adversity was associated to greater loneliness in later life through self-continuity. Divorcees were the most impacted group regarding emotional loneliness, as they experienced lower levels of self-continuity. Interventions that aim to reinforce self-continuity may help overcome social and emotional loneliness, especially for individuals who have experienced the loss of their partner through divorce.
High-flow nasal cannula versus continuous positive airway pressure in primary respiratory support for preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Respiratory support is crucial for the survival of preterm infants, and High-flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy (HFNC) and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are commonly used for neonatal respiratory support. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of HFNC and CPAP in primary respiratory support for preterm infants, to provide evidence-based support for clinical practice. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG and SinoMed were searched for eligible studies. The primary outcomes included the incidence of treatment failure and the application of mechanical ventilation. A total of 27 eligible studies with 3,351 participants were included. There was no significant difference in the incidence of respiratory support failure [RR = 1.17, 95%CI (0.88–1.56)] and the application of mechanical ventilation [RR = 1.00, 95%CI (0.84–1.19)] between HFNC group and CPAP group. HFNC resulted in lower rate of air leaks [RR = 0.65, 95%CI (0.46–0.92)], nasal trauma [RR = 0.36, 95%CI (0.29–0.45)] and abdominal distension [RR = 0.39, 95%CI (0.27–0.58)], and later time of mechanical ventilation initiating [SMD = 0.60, 95%CI (0.21–0.99)], less duration of oxygen therapy [SMD = −0.35, 95%CI (−0.68 to −0.02)] and earlier enteral feeding [SMD = −0.54, 95%CI (−0.95 to −0.13)]. Alternative non-invasive respiratory support after initial treatment failure resulted in no difference in the application of mechanical ventilation between the two groups [RR = 0.99, 95%CI (0.52–1.88)]. HFNC might be more effective and safer in primary respiratory support for preterm infants. Using CPAP as a remedy for the treatment failure of HFNC could not avoid intubation. For premature infants with the gestational age <28 weeks, HFNC as primary respiratory support still needs to be further elucidated. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? ID=CRD42022313479, identifier: CRD42022313479.
Predicting the breaking strength of gravity water waves in deep and intermediate depth

We revisit the classical but as yet unresolved problem of predicting the strength of breaking 2-D and 3-D gravity water waves, as quantified by the amount of wave energy dissipated per breaking event. Following Duncan (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 126, 1983, pp. 507–520), the wave energy dissipation rate per unit length of breaking crest may be related to the fifth moment of the wave speed and the non-dimensional breaking strength parameter $b$ . We use a finite-volume Navier–Stokes solver with large-eddy simulation resolution and volume-of-fluid surface reconstruction (Derakhti & Kirby, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 761, 2014a, pp. 464–506; J. Fluid Mech., vol. 790, 2016, pp. 553–581) to simulate nonlinear wave evolution, with a strong focus on breaking onset and postbreaking behaviour for representative cases of wave packets with breaking due to dispersive focusing and modulational instability. The present study uses these results to investigate the relationship between the breaking strength parameter $b$ and the breaking onset parameter $B$ proposed recently by Barthelemy et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 841, 2018, pp. 463–488). The latter, formed from the local energy flux normalized by the local energy density and the local crest speed, simplifies, on the wave surface, to the ratio of fluid speed to crest speed. Following a wave crest, when $B$ exceeds a generic threshold value at the wave crest (Barthelemy et al. 2018), breaking is imminent. We find a robust relationship between the breaking strength parameter $b$ and the rate of change of breaking onset parameter $\text{d}B/\text{d}t$ at the wave crest, as it transitions through the generic breaking onset threshold ( $B\sim 0.85$ ), scaled by the local period of the breaking wave. This result significantly refines previous efforts to express $b$ in terms of a wave packet steepness parameter, which is difficult to define robustly and which does not provide a generically accurate forecast of the energy dissipated by breaking.
Measurement principle and technology of miniaturized strapdown inertial wave sensor

This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-cost directional inertial wave sensor, DWS19-2, which is suitable for installation on ocean air-sea coupling buoys, offshore environmental monitoring buoys and surface drifting buoys. DWS19-2 integrates an STM32F446 embedded controller with a 9-axis MEMS inertial module QZ901 to measure buoy pitch, roll, heading and accelerations. These parameters are further used to calculate wave parameters and estimate directional and non-directional wave spectra. These wave parameters and spectral information are then reported to the buoy data logger for real-time transmission to shore-based data centers. Details of the electrical design and onboard wave processing algorithm (coordinate projection, numerical integration in the frequency domain, time-based wave parameters, frequency-based wave parameters, directional wave spectrum), in addition to turntable tests, filed marine comparison with DWR-MKIII wave buoy and related ocean observation applications enabled by this device, are described in this paper.
Comparison of three exercise interventions with and without gemcitabine treatment on pancreatic tumor growth in mice: No impact on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes

Exercise has been shown to slow pancreatic tumor growth, but whether exercise interventions of differing volume or intensity yield differential effects on tumor outcomes is unknown. In this study, we compared three exercise training interventions implemented with and without chemotherapy on pancreatic tumor growth in mice. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks old) were subcutaneously inoculated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor cells (PDAC 4662). Upon tumor detection, mice received gemcitabine 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally 3 days/week and were assigned to exercise: high volume continuous exercise (HVCE), low volume continuous exercise (LVCE), high intensity interval training (HIIT), or sedentary (SED). HVCE ran at 12 m/min for 45 min and LVCE for 15 min, 5 days/week. HIIT ran 1-min at 20 m/min, followed by 1-min walking at 8 m/min for 20 total intervals, 3 days/week. SED did not run. Additional sets of inoculated mice were assigned to the exercise interventions but did not receive gemcitabine. Tumor volume was measured every other day for 2 weeks; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry 3-week post-inoculation. Results: Tumor growth did not differ between groups that received gemcitabine (F(3, 34) = 1.487; p = 0.235; η2 = 0.116). In contrast, tumor growth differed between groups not provided gemcitabine (F(3,14) = 3.364; p = 0.049, η2 = 0.419), with trends for slower growth in LVCE than SED (p = 0.088) and HIIT (p = 0.084). Groups did not differ in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Conclusion: Contrary to our hypotheses, the exercise interventions compared here did not further reduce pancreatic tumor growth beyond that provided by gemcitabine. However, in mice not receiving gemcitabine, there was a trend for reduced tumor growth in LVCE.
Seasonal gain in body condition of foraging humpback whales along the Western Antarctic Peninsula

Most baleen whales are capital breeders that use stored energy acquired on foraging grounds to finance the costs of migration and reproduction on breeding grounds. Body condition reflects past foraging success and can act as a proxy for individual fitness. Hence, monitoring the seasonal gain in body condition of baleen whales while on the foraging grounds can inform how marine mammals support the costs of migration, growth, and reproduction, as well as the nutritional health of the overall population. Here, we use photogrammetry from drone-based imagery to examine how the body condition of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) changed over the foraging season (November to June) along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) from 2017 to 2019. This population (IWC stock G) is recovering from past whaling and is growing rapidly, providing an opportunity to study how whales store energy in a prey-rich environment. We used a body area index (BAI) to estimate changes in body condition and applied a Bayesian approach to incorporate measurement uncertainty associated with different drone types used for data collection. We used biopsy samples to determine sex and pregnancy status, and a length-based maturity classification to assign reproductive classes (n = 228; calves = 31, juveniles = 82, lactating females = 31, mature males = 12, mature unknown sex = 56, non-pregnant females = 12, pregnant females = 3, pregnant & lactating females = 1). Average BAI increased linearly over the feeding season for each reproductive class. Lactating females had lower BAI compared to other mature whales late in the season, reflecting the high energetic costs of nursing a calf. Mature males and non-pregnant females had the highest BAI values. Calves and juvenile whales exhibited an increase in BAI but not structural size (body length) over the feeding season. The body length of lactating mothers was positively correlated with the body length of their calves, but no relationship was observed between the BAI of mothers and their calves. Our study establishes a baseline for seasonal changes in the body condition for this humpback whale population, which can help monitor future impacts of disturbance and climate change.
Effect of constraint-induced movement therapy on lower extremity motor dysfunction in post-stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a common treatment for upper extremity motor dysfunction after a stroke. However, whether it can effectively improve lower extremity motor function in stroke patients remains controversial. This systematic review comprehensively studies the current evidence and evaluates the effectiveness of CIMT in the treatment of post-stroke lower extremity motor dysfunction. Methods We comprehensively searched randomized controlled trials related to this study in eight electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, WAN FANG, and VIP). We evaluated CIMT effectiveness against post-stroke lower extremity motor dysfunction based on the mean difference and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). We assessed methodological quality based on the Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment Tool. After extracting the general information, mean, and standard deviation of the included studies, we conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 16.0. The primary indicator was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale on lower limbs (FMA-L). The secondary indicators were the Berg balance scale (BBS), 10-meter walk test (10MWT), gait speed (GS), 6-min walk test (6MWT), functional ambulation category scale (FAC), timed up and go test (TUGT), Brunnstrom stage of lower limb function, weight-bearing, modified Barthel index (MBI), functional independence measure (FIM), stroke-specific quality of life questionnaire (SSQOL), World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL), and National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS). Results We initially identified 343 relevant studies. Among them, 34 (totaling 2,008 patients) met the inclusion criteria. We found that patients treated with CIMT had significantly better primary indicator (FMA-L) scores than those not treated with CIMT. The mean differences were 3.46 (95% CI 2.74–4.17, P < 0.01, I2 = 40%) between CIMT-treated and conventional physiotherapy-treated patients, 3.83 (95% CI 2.89–4.77, P < 0.01, I2 = 54%) between patients treated with CIMT plus conventional physiotherapy and patients treated only with conventional physiotherapy, and 3.50 (95% CI 1.08–5.92, P < 0.01) between patients treated with CIMT plus western medicine therapy and those treated only with western medicine therapy. The secondary indicators followed the same trend. The subgroup analysis showed that lower extremity CIMT with device seemed to yield a higher mean difference in FMA-L scores than lower extremity CIMT without device (4.52, 95% CI = 3.65–5.38, P < 0.01 and 3.37, 95% CI = 2.95–3.79, P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion CIMT effectively improves lower extremity motor dysfunction in post-stroke patients; however, the eligible studies were highly heterogeneous. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=277466.
The relationship between cyber upward social comparison and cyberbullying behaviors: A moderated mediating model

Based on the General Strain Theory and the moderating role model of social support, the present study explored the relationship between cyber upward social comparison and cyberbullying and further explored the mediating role of moral justification and the moderating role of online social support. This model was examined with 660 Chinese college students. Participants completed questionnaires regarding cyber upward social comparison, cyberbullying, moral justification, and online social support. After basic demographic variables were controlled, cyber upward social comparison was significantly and positively associated with cyberbullying. Moral justification played a mediating role in the relationship between cyber upward social comparison and cyberbullying. The mediating effect of moral justification on the relationship between cyber upward social comparison and cyberbullying was moderated by online social support. The results of this study will provide references for the prevention and intervention of cyberbullying.
Influence of baking and frying conditions on acrylamide formation in various prepared bakery, snack, and fried products

The core objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of baking/frying times and temperatures on the formation of acrylamide in bakery, snack, and fried products such as biscuits, muffins, pizza, cakes, samosa, paratha rolls, nuggets, and potato cutlets during baking/frying at different times and temperature conditions. First of all, the raw material, especially flour, was tested for its proximate composition and rheological characteristics. The quantification of acrylamide produced during the processing of different products was carried out through the HPLC method. A sensory evaluation of these food samples was also carried out to find out the acceptability differences. The raw material was found to have good rheological properties and proximate composition. The results revealed that different times and temperature regimes influenced the formation of acrylamide in those products. Among the bakery products, the highest concentrations of acrylamide were observed in biscuits (126.52 μg/kg) followed by muffins (84.24 μg/kg), cake (71.21 μg/kg), and pizza (62.42 μg/kg). The higher contents of acrylamide were found in paratha roll (165.92 μg/kg) compared to samosa (100.43 μg/kg), whereas among snacks, potato cutlets (135.71 μg/kg) showed higher concentrations than nuggets (43.04 μg/kg). It was observed that baking or frying all the investigated products at higher temperatures produced slightly more acrylamide concentrations. The prepared products in the present study were also accepted sensorially by the panel of judges. So, it was concluded that baking or frying at higher temperatures resulted in higher concentrations of acrylamide compounds in different products in the present study.