Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salt intrusion dynamics in a well-mixed sub-estuary connected to a partially to well-mixed main estuary

Abstract. Salt intrusion in estuaries has been exacerbated by climate change and human activities. Previous studies have primarily focused on salt intrusion in the mainstem of estuaries, whereas those in sub-estuaries (those that branch off their main estuaries) have received less attention. During an extended La Niña event from 2021 to 2022, a sub-estuary (the East River estuary) alongside the Pearl River estuary, China, experienced severe salt intrusions, posing a threat to the freshwater supply in the surrounding area. Observations revealed that maximum salinities in the main estuary typically preceded spring tides, exhibiting significant asymmetry in salinity rise and fall over a fortnightly timescale. In contrast, in the upstream region of the sub-estuary, the variation in salinity was in phase with that of the tidal range, and the rise and fall of the salinity were more symmetrical. Inspired by these observations, we employed idealized numerical models and analytical solutions to investigate the underlying physics behind these behaviors. It was discovered that under normal dry conditions (with a river discharge of 1500 m3 s−1 at the head of the main estuary), the river–tide interaction and change in horizontal dispersion accounted for the in-phase relationship between the salinity and tidal range in the upstream region of the sub-estuary. Under extremely dry conditions (i.e., a river discharge of 500 m3 s−1 at the head of the main estuary), salinity variations were in phase with those of the tidal range in the middle as well as the upstream region of the sub-estuary. The variation in salinity in the main estuary along with those in salt dispersion and freshwater influx inside the sub-estuary collectively influenced salinity variation in the well-mixed sub-estuary. These findings have important implications for water resource management and salt intrusion prevention in the catchment area.
Moderating Role of Administrative Support between Curriculum Management and Graduates Programs Viability An Evidence from Indonesian Educational Institutions

The research objective was to check the mediating influence of institutional effectiveness (INE) among curriculum management (CUM) and graduates programs (GRP) viability. The research also tested the moderating effect of administrative support between CUM and GRP viability. The research was conducted on Indonesia educational institutions where data was collected from the top management via self-administered questionnaire by using convenient sampling technique. Moreover, quantitative deductive approach was used and applied cross sectional research design. The results indicate that CUM has positive and significant effect on GRP viability and INE. The INE also has positive and significant effect on graduates’ programs viability. INE also significantly mediates between CUM and GRP viability. Administrative support also positively moderates between CUM and GRP viability. The research with the significant effect findings which helps to increase new research and also this research become pioneer study because neither the management support as moderating variable nor INE have been examined as a potential mediator variable in the association between CUM and program outcomes in prior research particularly in Indonesian context. These few crucial information gaps have been found, and the current study fills them with important discoveries. The research is also beneficial for the policy makers and other stakeholders to know about importance of CUM to increase GRP.
Technology Medicine Open Access book publisher

Finite Element Analysis represents a numerical technique for finding approximate solutions to partial differential equations as well as integral equations, permitting the numerical analysis of complex structures based on their material properties. This book presents 20 different chapters in the application of Finite Elements, ranging from Biomedical Engineering to Manufacturing Industry and Industrial Developments. It has been written at a level suitable for use in a graduate course on applications of finite element modelling and analysis (mechanical, civil and biomedical engineering studies, for instance), without excluding its use by researchers or professional engineers interested in the field, seeking to gain a deeper understanding concerning Finite Element Analysis.
The COVID-19 disease in the wildlife, pets, and farm animals: A systematic review

The global outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic disease posed one of the most critical conditions for the healthcare system. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive potential transfection of COVID-19 disease to humans from pets. This study is a systematic review of the latest data on COVID-19 in the animal community (wildlife, pets, and farm) from June 2017 to May 2022. Published studies in various databases including Google scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ISI web of knowledge, and Embase were searched. Searching, data gathering, and analysis were accomplished by two reviewers separately and conflicts between them were resolved by a third expert reviewer. In the initial research, 83 articles were found for full-text evaluation, after the reviewers’ assessment, 32 articles were included. Finally, the organisms studied in the mentioned research were classified into two parts: laboratory and non-laboratory research. The first group of laboratory animals includes rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, rhesus monkeys, macaques, and pigs. In the second group, non-laboratory patients, less than 100 dogs and cats, 6 cases of large cats, 2 cases of snakes (reptiles), and 12 cases of mink and bats were included. In dogs and cats, the symptoms are more in the form of upper respiratory tract infections, while in herbivores, these symptoms are more in the form of enteritis and diarrhea, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Infection of dogs and cats is mostly accompanied by coughing and sneezing, while there are no reports of herbivores. Animal studies suggested that other animals can be hosted with COVID-19 .
Extra-pair paternity variation in two passerine birds breeding in a gradient of urbanisation

Urbanisation has been increasing worldwide in recent decades, driving environmental change and exerting novel selective pressures on wildlife. Phenotypic differences between urban and rural individuals have been widely documented in several taxa. However, the extent to which urbanisation impacts mating strategies is less known. Here, we inferred extra-pair paternity variation in nestbox-breeding great tits ( Parus major) and blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus) in a gradient of urbanisation in Warsaw, Poland, over 3 breeding seasons. Urbanisation was quantified as the amount of impervious surface area (ISA), light pollution, noise pollution and tree cover within a 100 m radius around each nestbox. We successfully genotyped 1235 great tits and 1306 blue tits with a genotyping-by-sequencing method. Extra-pair paternity was inferred by computing a genomewide relatedness matrix on 9379 SNP markers in great tits and 12958 SNP markers in blue tits. We report higher extra-pair paternity in blue tits breeding in more urbanized areas (e.g. with higher ISA, light pollution and noise pollution, and lower tree cover). However, no such trend was found in great tits. Late-stage survival of individual nestlings in both species was not associated with paternity or urbanisation proxies, thus we were not able to detect fitness benefits or drawbacks of being within-pair or extra-pair offspring in relation to the inferred degree of urbanisation. Our results contribute to the growing body of knowledge reporting on the effects of urbanisation on avian ecology and behaviour and confirm species-specific and population-specific patterns of extra-pair paternity.
ARTEMIS: Adaptive Bitrate Ladder Optimization for Live Video Streaming

Live streaming of segmented videos over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is increasingly popular and serves heterogeneous clients by offering each segment in multiple representations. A bitrate ladder expresses this choice as a list of bitrate-resolution pairs. Whereas existing solutions for HTTP-based live streaming use a static bitrate ladder, the fixed ladders struggle to appropriately accommodate the dynamics in the video content and network-conditioned client capabilities. This paper proposes ARTEMIS as a practical scalable alternative that dynamically configures the bitrate ladder depending on the content complexity, network conditions, and clients’ statistics. ARTEMIS seamlessly integrates with the end-to-end streaming pipeline and operates transparently to video encoders and clients. We develop a cloud-based implementation of ARTEMIS and conduct extensive real-world and trace-driven experiments. The experimental comparison vs. existing prominent bitrate ladders demonstrates that live streaming with ARTEMIS outperforms all baseline solutions, reduces encoding computation by 25%, end-to-end latency by 18%, and increases the quality of experience by 11%.
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among High School Adolescents of Jimma Town, Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Studies show that suicidal ideation and attempt are major predictors of suicide. Flourishing technologies such cyber bullying, increased local and global events, like pandemics, wars, and effects of climate change exacerbate vulnerability of adolescents to mental health problems. Thus, timely epidemiological information is important for evidence-based practices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among school adolescents. METHODS: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2022 on randomly selected 1144 school adolescents using multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Then, data were cleaned, entered into Epi-data V.3. 1 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify predictors of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among adolescents. Adjusted odds ratio and confidence interval (CI) were respectively used to measure statistical associations and their statistical significance. RESULTS: The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation and attempt were 22.5%, and 13.3%, respectively, while 12-month suicidal ideation and attempt were found to be 14.6% and 10%, respectively. Being female, disappointment in school results, family history of suicide attempt, current alcohol intake, anxiety, and chronic medical condition were significantly associated with both suicidal ideation and attempt while cyber bullying was significantly associated with suicidal ideation only. CONCLUSIONS: Unsupportive home environment plus behavioral and medical conditions predispose school adolescents to suicidal ideation and attempt. The Ministry of Education and school administrations should facilitate favorable environment that enhance mental health awareness and protection of school adolescents. Building better parent-child relationship and parental discretion on the use of mobile phones can mitigate suicidal ideation and attempt.
Recognition of decomposable posets by using the poset matrix

We introduce the notion of a composition of square matrices. We recall the notion of poset matrix, a square (0 , 1)-matrix, to represent posets. We show that this composition of poset matrices gives generalizations of the ordinal product as well as the direct sum and ordinal sum of poset matrices. We give an interpretation of the composition of poset matrices in posets. We show that the composition of poset matrices is also a poset matrix, and it represents a decomposable poset. This result gives, consequently, a matrix recognition of the decomposable posets.
Does product certi ﬁ cation matter? A review of mechanism to in ﬂ uence customer loyalty in the poultry feed industry

: Feed certi ﬁ cation is released by authorized third parties as external cues indicating that products have met standard quality. However, farmers do not always take certi ﬁ cation as the main consideration in product selection because of insu ﬃ cient knowledge or they are skeptical about certi ﬁ cation. This research aims to analyze the e ﬀ ect of feed certi ﬁ cation, company image, opi - nion leader, perceived product quality, customer trust, and satisfaction to layer farmers ’ customer loyalty. Respondents were selected by using purposive sampling with the criteria that respondents were layer farmers with experience for at least 1 year and customers of concentrate or ready - made feed. Data were collected by using questionnaire and ana - lyzed with the partial least square. Results show that feed certi ﬁ cation in ﬂ uenced perceived product quality with β = 0.127 and p ≤ 0.1; then, company image and opinion leader in ﬂ uenced perceived product quality with, β = 0.690 and β = 0.157 at p ≤ 0.05. Perceived product quality a ﬀ ected cus - tomer trust ( β = 0.699, p ≤ 0.01 ) and customer satisfaction ( β = 0.689, p ≤ 0.05 ) . Then, customer trust and customer satisfaction positively in ﬂ uenced customer loyalty with β = 0.507, and β = 0.414 at p ≤ 0.01. Research ﬁ ndings indicated that feed certi ﬁ cation was considered by layer farmers in feed purchasing behavior. However, company image was played as the most important factor among opinion leader and feed certi ﬁ cation. These results implied that besides maintaining company image and the role of opinion leaders, feed mills and authorized institutions still urge to promote the importance of certi ﬁ cation as product quality indicator.
Imaging Findings West Nile Virus: Case Report with MR

Summary: We report a case of serologically proved West Nile virus encephalitis. Striking bilateral hyperintensities were noted in the basal ganglia and thalami on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR images, similar to previous accounts of the imaging findings in cases of Japanese encephalitis. Recognition of the MR imaging appearance of this entity is important because of the expanding epidemic.
RESPIRATORY MICROBIOME: EVIDENCE FROM BASIC AND CLINICAL STUDIES

bacte-Abstract – Objective: In recent years, culture-independent methods led to provide a strong background to further microbiota studies, especially in lower respiratory tract investigation. Scientific research has focused more on studying and characterizing relationships between lung microbiota and various diseases, such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, sarcoidosis, acute respiratory infection, etc. Materials and Methods: The electronic search was performed on the PubMed database using the combination of the text words “respiratory microbiota” and “lung microbiome”. Only research studies in humans published between March 2022 and March 2023 were eligible for inclusion. Results: The scientific search retrieved 124 results, from which 106 articles were excluded if they duplicate or did not fit the inclusion criteria. A total of 18 studies were included for review. Conclusions: These studies have shown that changes in lower respiratory microbiota composition are a variable characteristic of all the aforementioned conditions; the relationship between circulating biomarkers, clinical data, and dysbiosis also was found in several studies. However, some studies had limitations, and future investigations are needed to better understand lung microbiota involvement in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.
PART OF A SPECIAL ISSUE ON POLYPLOIDY IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION Colchicine application significantly affects plant performance in the second generation of synthetic polyploids and its effects vary between populations

(cid:2) Background and Aims Understanding the direct consequences of polyploidization is necessary for assessing the evolutionary signiﬁcance of this mode of speciation. Previous studies have not studied the degree of between- population variation that occurs due to these effects. Although it is assumed that the effects of the substances that create synthetic polyploids disappear in second-generation synthetic polyploids, this has not been tested. (cid:2) Methods The direct consequences of polyploidization were assessed and separated from the effects of subsequent evolution in Vicia cracca , a naturally occurring species with diploid and autotetraploid cytotypes. Synthetic tetraploids were created from diploids of four mixed-ploidy populations. Performance of natural diploids and tetraploids was compared with that of synthetic tetraploids. Diploid offspring of the synthetic tetraploid mothers were also in- cluded in the comparison. In this way, the effects of colchicine application in the maternal generation on offspring performance could be compared independently of the effects of polyploidization. (cid:2) Key Results The sizes of seeds and stomata were primarily affected by cytotype, while plant performance dif- fered between natural and synthetic polyploids. Most performance traits were also determined by colchicine application to the mothers, and most of these results were largely population speciﬁc. (cid:2) Conclusions Because the consequences of colchicine application are still apparent in the second generation of the plants, at least the third-generation polyploids should be considered in future comparisons. The speciﬁcities of the colchicine-treated plants may also be caused by strong selection pressures during the creation of synthetic polyploids. This could be tested by comparing the initial sizes of plants that survived the colchicine treatments with those of plants that did not. High variation between populations also suggests that different polyploids follow differ- ent evolutionary trajectories, and this should be considered when studying the effects of polyploidization.
Assessing the Status of Air Pollution in the selected Cities of Pakistan

This study was conducted to assess air quality status in the selected cities of Pakistan through Air Quality Index (AQI) and Multi Pollutant Index (MPI) and their correlation. Secondary data on air pollutants’ concentrations for the year 2021 were used from the literature. For this investigation, major air pollutants including carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide
Phytochemical identification and in silico study of ethanolic extract of white cabbage as a phosphodiesterase 1B inhibitor

Introduction: Memory dysfunction has remained a challenging issue globally. Nootropics have proven fruitful in managing cognitive dysfunction but because of their side effects, opportunities exist to explore alternatives. White cabbage is a cost-effective natural source of phytochemicals without side effects and has remained uninvestigated as a nootropic agent. This study sought to identify secondary metabolites in white cabbage extract (WCE) and to predict the molecular interaction between the phytochemical constituents of cabbage and phosphodiesterase-1B (PDE1B) using in silico studies. Methods: The WCE was prepared by macerating crushed fresh white cabbage with ethanol for 24 h with continuous stirring. The phytochemical profile of WCE was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry, and molecular docking studies were performed to predict the underlying mechanism action of the phytochemicals with PDE1B. Results: The TLC-densitometry analysis showed that WCE was a rich source of sinigrin, whereas quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and rutin were not detected. In silico studies identified neobrassicin as having the highest affinity (∆Gbind: −19.3358 kcal/mol) for PDE1B. However, quercetin (∆Gbind: −13.1813 kcal/mol) and chlorogenic acid (∆Gbind: −14.8706 kcal/mol) exhibited moderate interaction with PDE1B. Conclusion: These results suggest that WCE has the potency to improve memory function by blocking PDE1B, and this preliminary study implies upcoming in vitro and in vivo research.
Female Employee’s Knowledge of Osteoporosis at the University of Sulaimani /Old Campus

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the top five illnesses that lead to lengthy hospital stays and disability, but it is still underdiagnosed globally, particularly in developing nations. Consequently, this study aimed to ascertain the awareness of this condition among female employees in Sulaimani city. Methods: A cross-sectional study of female employees at the University of Sulaimani's old campus was done from October to December 2022. The convenience sample size was used to enrol 100 female workers in total. The Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) presented a self-administered structured questionnaire to gather information about sociodemographic factors and female awareness of osteoporosis. Results: The study's participants' age range was between 35 and 45 years old, with a mean age and a standard deviation of 35.1 and 12.9 years, respectively. Most (50 percent, 64 percent, and 58 percent) were unmarried, urban dwellers, barely surviving, and highly educated. According to the participant's knowledge score, 56% had fair awareness of osteoporosis, 38% had strong knowledge, and only 6% had poor knowledge. Age and economic level had a statistically significant relationship with knowledge of osteoporosis (p-value = 0.001), as did knowledge score. Conclusions: The majority of participants scored fairly well on knowledge about osteoporosis. Nonetheless, there was a sizable knowledge gap concerning the same risk factors. In the current study, the good knowledge score was much lower than the global average. The quality and trustworthiness of information about osteoporosis must, therefore be improved through educational efforts.
Transformative impact: A meta-analysis of authentic learning activities on course attitudes

This study aimed to examine the impact of authentic learning on attitudes towards the course using a meta-analysis method. To achieve this, the researcher established inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducted a literature review. The review included 23 studies, from which they extracted 26 individual effect sizes. The researcher analyzed these effect sizes using the CMA program, finding no evidence of publication bias. Statistical values suggested that a random effects model was appropriate. According to the random effects model, the overall effect size was calculated as (E++ = 0.600), indicating a moderate positive effect. Additionally, when applying the Analog ANOVA test for moderator variables, no significant differences were observed based on the type of research and the educational stage in which the research was conducted. However, a significant difference was observed with regard to the subject area as a moderator variable.
Fine-scale population structure analysis of seven local Swiss sheep breeds using genome-wide SNP data

As part of the global sheep Hapmap project, 24 individuals from each of seven indigenous Swiss sheep breeds (Bundner Oberlander sheep (BOS), Engadine Red sheep (ERS), Swiss Black-Brown Mountain sheep (SBS), Swiss Mirror sheep (SMS), Swiss White Alpine (SWA) sheep, Valais Blacknose sheep (VBS) and Valais Red sheep (VRS)), were genotyped using Illumina’s Ovine SNP50 BeadChip. In total, 167 animals were subjected to a detailed analysis for genetic diversity using 45 193 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms. The results of the phylogenetic analyses supported the known proximity between populations such as VBS and VRS or SMS and SWA. Average genomic relatedness within a breed was found to be 12 percent (BOS), 5 percent (ERS), 9 percent (SBS), 10 percent (SMS), 9 percent (SWA), 12 percent (VBS) and 20 percent (VRS). Furthermore, genomic relationships between breeds were found for single individuals from SWA and SMS, VRS and VBS as well as VRS and BOS. In addition, seven out of 40 indicated parent–offspring pairs could not be confirmed. These results were further supported by results from the genome-wide population cluster analysis. This study provides a better understanding of fine-scale population structures within and between Swiss sheep breeds. This relevant information will help to increase the conservation activities of the local Swiss sheep breeds.