Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Soil Bacterial Richness and Composition Tied to Plant Richness, Soil Nitrogen, and Soil Acidity in Alpine Tundra

ABSTRACT Patterns of soil bacterial richness using operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and abundance of bacterial groups (phylum or class) were studied in relation to plant richness and soil characteristics in the alpine at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, U.S.A. The study used a landscape gradient and snow fence in addition to plots amended with nitrogen (N). Bacterial richness was not correlated with total soil carbon (C) or total soil N, but showed strong positive correlations with pH and corresponding correlations with metallic cation concentrations. Bacterial richness showed a strong negative correlation (r = -0.86) with soil acidity and declined 30% over the pH gradient of 6.0–4.5. Plant richness correlated with acidity (r = -0.70) and declined 50% over this gradient. Bacterial OTU richness was sensitive to acidity but not to N amendments. However, abundance of five bacterial groups responded positively to N, four responded negatively, and three groups exhibited no changes. In plots with additional snow, snow additions reduced OTU richness. However, when snow was included in an ANCOVA model with N and soil acidity, OTUs were not affected, suggesting that snow effects were largely captured by soil acidity changes. Bacterial richness was correlated with forb richness and cover, but causal relationships remain unresolved.
Nutrient-rich food index 9.3 score and food choice values among female online food delivery users during COVID-19 pandemic

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed eating habits, leading to an increased reliance on online food delivery. It's crucial to comprehend the diet quality and food choices among female users during this period. Objective: This study aims to explore the association between diet quality score and the food choice motives among female online food delivery users during the COVID-19 pandemic Methods: This online cross-sectional study involved surveying 405 female users recruited through consecutive sampling. The Food Choice Values Questionnaire (FCVQ) was utilized to understand their food choices, while nutrient intake and diet quality were assessed using the Nutrient-Rich Food 9.3 Index Score (NRF 9.3). Subsequently, the collected data underwent both univariate and multivariate analyses. Potential biases might arise due to time constraints during the pandemic and reliance on self-reported online data. Moreover, the method used to measure nutrient intake might not be ideal for this demographic, lacking tailored tests. Nonetheless, it’s important to highlight that the survey underwent prior validation among Indonesian adults, affirming its broad applicability. Results: Female users showed low average NRF 9.3 scores (241.67), indicating poor diet quality. Their prioritized food choice motives were also low. Significant associations surfaced between NRF 9.3 scores and food choice motives—tradition (p<0.01, r: 0.229), comfort (p<0.01, r: 0.223), organic (p<0.01, r: 0.231), safety (p<0.001, r: 0.162), weight control/health (p<0.01, r: 0.171), and income (p<0.05). Conclusion: The NRF 9.3 score is likely to increase when there are higher scores for tradition, comfort, and organic factors, and when income exceeds the minimum regional wage.
Imaging a Crustal Low‐Velocity Layer Using Reflected Seismic Waves From the 2014 Earthquake Swarm at Long Valley Caldera, California: The Magmatic System Roof?

The waveforms generated by the 2014 Long Valley Caldera earthquake swarm recorded at station MLH show clear reflected waves that are often stronger than direct P and S waves. With waveform analyses, we discover that these waves are reflected at the top of a low‐velocity body, which may be residual magma from the ∼767 ka caldera‐forming eruption. The polarity of the reflection compared to direct P and S waves suggests that the reflection is SP waves (S from hypocenters to reflector and then convert to P waves to the surface). Because the wavefields are coherent among different earthquakes and hold high signal‐to‐noise ratios, we apply them to a wavefield migration method for imaging reflectors. The depth of the imaged magmatic system roof is around 8.2 km below the surface. This is consistent with previous studies. Even though we use only one station and waveforms from one earthquake swarm, the dense cluster of accurately located earthquakes provides a high‐resolution image of the roof.
Nouvelles données et interprétations du massif basique de Tagmout (dj. Saghro, Anti-Atlas, Maroc) : relations avec les granitoïdes associés

L'Anti-Atlas oriental ou Saghro se situe dans la zone mobile du segment panafricain de l'Anti-Atlas. Il est constitue par un socle metamorphise et granitise et par une couverture volcanique et sedimentaire, tous les deux d'âge precambrien. Constituant le cœur de Saghro, le massif de Tagmout est forme d'une association plutonique composee de gabbros et de granite. Les gabbros constituent une serie tholeiitique, allant d'un gabbro doleritique a des gabbrodiortes leucocrates associes a des cumulats. L'enrichissement en fer et en titane sont analogues a ceux des formations anorogeniques. Ces tholeiites presentent les caracteres des tholeiites continentales liees a l'ouverture d'un rift, generees probablement par la fusion partielle d'une lherzolite a grenat enrichie en elements incompatibles. Le granite est alcalin. Le contact entre le granite et la roche basique ne presente ni discontinuite structurale, ni metamorphisme de contact. Cette association acide-basique presente une variete de facies petrographiques: un pole basique; un facies intermediaire; un pole acide. L'analyse petrographique, mineralogique et geochimique montre que la mise en place des deux poles est subcontemporaine. L'interaction entre les deux materiaux s'est materialisee par la formation de roches a composition intermediaire et par des phenomenes d'hybridation. L'hybridation a la fois mecanique et chimique, est due a la migration de cristaux et d'elements chimiques surtout dans le sens acide-basique.
Gerbillidae from the Miocene and Pliocene of Europe

In this paper the distribution of Miocene and Pliocene Gerbillidae in Europe is described. It appears that only a few species of this family were present for only a short period of time (Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene). The European Gerbillidae are related to forms from North Africa and Asia Minor and are thought to have immigrated in, at least, two waves during the Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene into Europe.
Linguistic Contribution of Games to Terminology Acquisition

Undoubtedly, teaching and learning are two elements of the educational process that require continuous updates to keep alive and encourage students' attention, interest, involvement, and independence. To learn a language, communication is the main means of achieving the goal. In a class there is a wide variety of student typologies, therefore, the task arises to select methodologies and techniques that ensure satisfactory activation of students and achievement of the main objectives of the teaching and learning process. Coming up with techniques or activities that ensure inclusiveness is a challenge, but games ca be classified as a common denominator for a large part of students, bearing in mind that the most effective approach, especially in foreign language learning, is the communicative approach. In the study undertaken at the Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, it was concluded that the games used throughout the semester had a fruitful result in the acquisition of terminology by students. The study is quantitative and qualitative. For data collection, a test and a questionnaire were used. In addition to the effectiveness in achieving the objectives of the learning process, overall students had a very positive approach towards games because according to them they experienced pleasure interacting with each other in a harmonious context, and on the other hand they learned about and from their colleagues whenever activities (games) were implemented in the classroom, they were motivated to express themselves a lot. However, it was noticed that games should not surpass a certain limit. While implementing “Role Play”, students’ interest throughout the semester vanished, which means that the implementation of certain games in the classroom should be balanced. In the main, games’ contribution to terminology learning was not only on the educational, and linguistic aspects but also on the social aspects of students.
Intradermal Tuberculin Test in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): Experimental use of Mycobacterial Antigens for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis

The study aims to evaluate the potential use of mycobacterial ESAT6 and CFP10 antigens, Early Secretory Proteins (ESP) in the Skin Test used for bovine tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in Water Buffalo. A pilot study was performed on 21 buffaloes from a TB outbreak and 11 buffaloes from a TB-free herd. Three concentrations of ESAT6-CFP10 (10, 20, and 30 mg) and two of ESP (50 and 100 µg) were inoculated in the Skin Test, along with PPDB, PPDA, and PBS as a negative control. Skin thickness was measured with calipers before the test and every 24 hours for 4 days. Then, to evaluate the specificity of the antigens, a field study was conducted, and 100 buffaloes from a TB-free herd were inoculated using the best antigens concentration derived from the pilot study. In the positive buffaloes, the strongest skin response was to PPDB at 24h, with some subjects becoming inconclusive at 72 and 96 h. A peak response to PPDA at 48 hours was detected, followed by a slight decrease. The response to ESP-100 µg remained high at 24 and 48 h, then decreased, remaining positive at 72 h. In the 100 TB-free buffaloes, the best specificity was observed using ESAT6-CFP10 and ESP. ESP yielded the best results, showing higher reactivity in infected animals and no reactivity in the healthy ones at 72 h. Therefore, ESP could be an excellent candidate for further extensive studies in the buffalo species to improve Skin Test performance.
Trends in 20th century drought over the continental United States

We used a simulated data set of hydro‐climatological variables to examine for 20th century trends in soil moisture, runoff, and drought characteristics over the conterminous United States (U.S.). An increasing trend is apparent in both model soil moisture and runoff over much of the U.S., with a few decreasing trends in parts of the Southwest. The trend patterns were qualitatively similar to those found in streamflow records observed at a station network minimally affected by anthropogenic activities. This wetting trend is consistent with the general increase in precipitation in the latter half of the 20th century. Droughts have, for the most part, become shorter, less frequent, and cover a smaller portion of the country over the last century. The main exception is the Southwest and parts of the interior of the West, where, notwithstanding increased precipitation (and in some cases increased soil moisture and runoff), increased temperature has led to trends in drought characteristics that are mostly opposite to those for the rest of the country especially in the case of drought duration and severity, which have increased.
Exploring the Awareness, Perception, Acceptability and Confidence Level Towards Telerehabilitation among Stroke Patients’ Caregivers in the Federal Territory of Malaysia

Telerehabilitation is the ability to provide distance support, evaluation and intervention to individuals who are undergoing rehabilitation therapy through telecommunication. This study aimed to explore the awareness, acceptability and confidence level towards telerehabilitation among caregivers of cerebral stroke patients in the federal territory of Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst stroke patients’ caregivers from general hospitals in the federal territory of Malaysia. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the awareness, acceptability and confidence level towards telerehabilitation technology among stroke patients’ caregivers. The correlation between confidence level in using technology devices and their acceptance level of telerehabilitation was assessed by using Spearman correlation analysis. Results showed that 70% of caregivers were aware of the telerehabilitation technology, amongst which 60.5% were willing to use the technology for rehabilitation purposes. Out of all the types of devices, 50% of caregivers demonstrated a high confidence level in using smartphones. However, only 25.7% demonstrated a high confidence level in using video call services for telerehabilitation service. In conclusion, the majority of caregivers in the federal territory of Malaysia demonstrated a positive attitude towards telerehabilitation services for stroke patients.
Development of A Micro-CT Scanner with Dual-Energy Option and Endovascular Contrast Agent Administration Protocol for Fetal and Neonatal Virtual Autopsy

The rate of parental consent for fetal and perinatal autopsy is decreasing, whereas parents are more likely to agree to virtual autopsy by non-invasive imaging methods. Fetal and perinatal virtual autopsy needs high-resolution and good soft-tissue contrast for investigation of the cause of death and underlying trauma or pathology in fetuses and stillborn infants. This is offered by micro-computed tomography (CT), as opposed to the limited resolution provided by clinical CT scanners, and this is one of the most promising tools for non-invasive perinatal postmortem imaging. We developed and optimized a micro-CT scanner with a dual-energy imaging option. It is dedicated to post-mortem CT angiography and virtual autopsy of fetuses and stillborn infants in that the chamber can be cooled down to around 5 °C; this increases tissue rigidity and slows decomposition of the native specimen. This, together with the dedicated gantry-based architecture, attempts to reduce potential motion artifacts. The developed methodology is based on prior endovascular injection of a BaSO4-based contrast agent. We explain the design choices and considerations for this scanner prototype. We give details of the treatment of the optimization of the dual-energy and virtual mono-energetic imaging option that has been based on minimizing noise propagation and maximizing the contrast-to-noise ratio for vascular features. We demonstrate the scanner capabilities with proof-of-concept experiments on phantoms and stillborn piglets.
Avalanche probability: Slab release and the effect of forest cover

One of the main challenges in regard to hazard mapping is to estimate avalanche probabilities and avalanche size for a given path. One reason for this is the lack of sufficient data. By definition, avalanches of interest for hazard mapping (typically avalanches of relative size R4 or R5) are rare events and in addition, their detailed observations are often hindered by bad weather and hazardous conditions. Another question is How influences forest cover the avalanche hazard. It is commonly accepted that dense forests is the most cost effective mitigation against natural avalanche release. However, little work has been done to quantify of the effect of forest cover on the release probability of avalanches. In this paper, we present a Monte-Carlo simulation approach, first, to obtain estimates on avalanche release probabilities and probability distributions of the expected fracture depth—which is an important parameter for modern numerical avalanche models— depending on climatological parameters. Then we extend the model to account for the supporting effect of forest on the snowpack. In this way, it becomes possible to quantify the efficiency of a forest and to define requirements on a forest stand as a protective forest. Preliminary results of the model show that the obtained tendencies are consistent with observations and are in the expected range.
Squamous cell carcinoma antigen is useful in the differential diagnosis of erythroderma

ing normal X-chromosomes and the alopecic area having mutated X-chromosomes, after random X-chromosome inactivation (lyonization). In a recent seminal work, Minic et al. documented different hair manifestations of IP. Whorled alopecia, being permanent similar to the dental anomalies, may be a useful clinical marker of incontinentia pigmenti in affected adults who may no longer have cutaneous manifestations. The novel dermoscopic finding of alopecia with greyish-blue dots in the absence of telangiectasia and follicular scaling/plugging can help in better characterization of such presentations.
The Pre-FOMC Announcement Drift

Since the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) began announcing its monetary policy decisions in 1994, U.S. stocks have experienced large excess returns in the twenty-four hours preceding these announcements. These abnormal returns account for more than 80 percent of the U.S. equity premium over the past seventeen years. Other major international equity indexes have experienced similar abnormal returns before FOMC announcements. However, no such return pattern is detectable on U.S. fixed income assets or the exchange value of the dollar. We discuss a few possible explanations for the pre-FOMC announcement drift for equities, none of which appears to be fully consistent with the empirical evidence.
An Explainable Prediction for Dietary-Related Diseases via Language Models

Our study harnesses the power of natural language processing (NLP) to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic health outcomes among Korean adults using data from the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII). Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis, we identified three distinct dietary patterns: “Traditional and Staple”, “Communal and Festive”, and “Westernized and Convenience-Oriented”. These patterns reflect the diversity of dietary preferences in Korea and reveal the cultural and social dimensions influencing eating habits and their potential implications for public health, particularly concerning obesity and metabolic disorders. Integrating NLP-based indices, including sentiment scores and the identified dietary patterns, into our predictive models significantly enhanced the accuracy of obesity and dyslipidemia predictions. This improvement was consistent across various machine learning techniques—XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost—demonstrating the efficacy of NLP methodologies in refining disease prediction models. Our findings underscore the critical role of dietary patterns as indicators of metabolic diseases. The successful application of NLP techniques offers a novel approach to public health and nutritional epidemiology, providing a deeper understanding of the diet–disease nexus. This study contributes to the evolving field of personalized nutrition and emphasizes the potential of leveraging advanced computational tools to inform targeted nutritional interventions and public health strategies aimed at mitigating the prevalence of metabolic disorders in the Korean population.
Sevoflurane induces cognitive impairment in young mice via autophagy

Background Anesthesia may induce neurotoxicity and neurocognitive impairment in young mice. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely to be determined. Meanwhile, autophagy is involved in brain development and contributes to neurodegenerative diseases. We, therefore, set out to determine the effects of sevoflurane on autophagy in the hippocampus of young mice and on cognitive function in the mice. Methods Six day-old mice received 3% sevoflurane, for two hours daily, on postnatal days (P) 6, 7 and 8. We then decapitated the mice and harvested the hippocampus of the young mice at P8. The level of LC3, the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I, and SQSTM1/p62 level associated with the autophagy in the hippocampus of the mice were assessed by using Western blotting. We used different groups of mice for behavioral testing via the Morris Water Maze from P31 to P37. Results The anesthetic sevoflurane increased the level of LC3-II and ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, decreased the p62 level in the hippocampus of the young mice, and induced cognitive impairment in the mice. 3-Methyladenine, the inhibitor of autophagy, attenuated the activation of autophagy and ameliorated the cognitive impairment induced by sevoflurane in the young mice. Conclusion These data showed that sevoflurane anesthesia might induce cognitive impairment in the young mice via activation of autophagy in the hippocampus of the young mice. These findings from the proof of concept studies have established a system and suggest the role of autophagy in anesthesia neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment in the young mice, pending further investigation.
Pathways that converge in teacher professional development: are they present in Spain?

The aim of this article is twofold. First, we present an analysis of the main features of the teacher professional development (PD) models and programs currently considered of highest quality. This analysis is supported by the articles presented in the present monograph, and it also considers other studies that complement these perspectives. We show that axes of teacher change deal with career-long development, reflection in school-based communities of practice, and focus on students’ voices. In addition, we highlight the need for coherence between teacher policies and more global policies aimed at enhancing the quality of education. The second objective is to assess the situation of teacher PD within the Spanish education system, using the identified axes of teacher change as an analytic framework. The comparison reveals important limitations from the points of view of both the specific PD activities offered to teachers and underlying teacher PD model.
Correlation between individual characteristics, physical workload, and mental workload on operational workers in terminal Jamrud Surabaya

Introduction: Work fatigue is a condition experienced by the workforce that can lead to a decrease in vitality and work productivity. There are several causes of fatigue, including age, length of service, nutritional status, physical workload, and mental workload. Based on observations at PT Pelindo Multi Terminal's Jamrud Terminal, many operational workers complain of work fatigue due to the heavy workload at work. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with fatigue to serve as the basis for the preparation of interventions. Methods: This quantitative research was carried out through analytical observational design. The number of samples taken was 25 people using total sampling. In this case, the independent variables measured were age, work period, nutritional status, physical workload, and mental workload. Meanwhile, the dependent variable studied was work fatigue using reaction timer tool. Results: The research results show that the age variable has a weak relation with work fatigue at 0.106, work period at 0.161, nutritional status at 0,212, and mental workload at 0.042. Meanwhile, the physical workload has a moderate relation with work fatigue at 0,306. Conclusion: The physical workload has the strongest relation with work fatigue.