Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current advances in early detection, residual disease monitoring and treatment response in lung cancer: liquid biopsy

Lung cancer exhibits the highest mortality rate of all malignant tumors, and only a minority of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are diagnosed with localized, early stage tumors. Unfortunately, NSCLC is usually detected at advanced and inoperable stages. Tumor biomarkers can detect early stage lung cancer independently or in combination with low-dose computed tomography-based screening techniques. A liquid biopsy is a noninvasive modality for the pathological and molecular characterization of cancer, and it can be isolated from bodily fluids. There are a variety of biological elements that can be isolated from the peripheral blood, such as exosomes, circulating cell-free (tumor) DNA, circulating tumor cells, and microRNA. A liquid biopsy can be used to detect somatic mutations before treatment and dynamically during treatment, and to monitor the treatment response. It can also be used for minimal residual disease quantification, and to determine the emergence of therapy resistance. Despite the numerous research studies showing successful results, clinically available lung cancer biomarkers do not have sufficiently high specificity and sensitivity for widespread use. Therefore, universal experimental and therapeutic research regarding advanced molecular diagnostics has become necessary.
Biochemical Study in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Therapy by Regular Hemodialysis

In this study, we evaluated the mineral disorder and some biochemical parameters of kidney functions in Patients with end-stage renal failure. The aim of study is to assess the serum concentration of each (total calcium, phosphor, urea, creatinine, albumin and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients suffering from chorine renal failure therapy by regular hemodialysis. This study has been carried out at the consultative clinic in Baquba / Ibn Seena center for renal failure, for the period January 2016 to march, 2016. 75 specimens of each of patients and control groups were collected. Patients were divided into two study groups dependent on treatment period: (first) regulated hemodialysis less than year group and (second) regulated hemodialysis more than year group. The following biochemical investigations have been studied for their total calcium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, and albumin which calculated by utilizing a ready-made laboratory kit for this purpose. A height in m and weight in kg were measured for all participant and BMI = weight / (height) 2 by same investigator and tools GFR can be calculated mathematically from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. The study showed an increase in creatinine (120.2±7 μmol/L) renal disease, urea (29.75±1.3mmol/L), phosphor (6.012±0.5mg/dl) concentration in the serum of patients group when compared with control group were creatinine (60±05μmol/L), urea (4.5±0.13mmol/L), and phosphor (2.98±1.3). The results also showed a decrease in the concentration of total calcium (3.55±1.01 mg/dl), and GFR (25.15±13 ml/min) compared with control group total Biochemical Study in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Therapy by Regular Hemodialysis Ekhlas Abdallah Hassan 2 Vol: 14 No: 4, October 2018 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24237/djps.1404. 393A P-ISSN: 2222-8373 E-ISSN: 2518-9255 calcium was (9.02±1 mg/dl) and GFR (123±5 ml/min). There was a negative correlation between GFR and each of (age, creatinine, urea and phosphor) in both patient’s groups. Also, there were a positive correlation between GFR and total calcium in both patient's groups. 43.4% of patients were in range of BMI less than 18 in second groups. This Study, which showed that decrease in total calcium levels and increased in phosphor levels in patients with chronic renal failure and hemodialysis process, may play an important role in improving kidney function for some biochemical variables for patients with chronic renal deficit less than year and patients' therapy by regular hemodialysis more than year may be increased weight loss
Impact of pharmacogenomics on imatinib toxicity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

11043Background: Imatinib-induced side effects are common, although most of these side effects are mild, some will be severe and lead to disruption of Imatinib treatment in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). It is necessary to explore a biological predictors to predict and optimal therapeutic strategy. But there were few studied conducted to explore the mechanisms of Imatinib-induced side effects. The present study comprehensively investigated the effects of genetic polymorphisms of cytokines involved in cell proliferation and metabolic enzymes and transporters involved in Imatinib metabolism on these side effects. Methods: A total of 154 GSIT patients treated with Imatinib were enrolled. 22 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in KIT/ PDGFRA/ PDGFRB/ SHC1/ FLT1/ MAPK1/ EGFR/ CCL5/ CXCL14were detected using Agena Massarray matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) platform. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate their effects on Imatinib-induced toxici.
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy as an Alternative Treatment for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Compared to Sorafenib: A Propensity Score Analysis

Background and Aims: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as a safe and effective treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its role in patients with advanced HCC is not yet defined. In this study, we aim to assess the efficacy and safety of SBRT in comparison to sorafenib treatment in patients with advanced HCC. Methods: We included 901 patients treated with sorafenib at six tertiary centers in Europe and Asia and 122 patients treated with SBRT from 13 centers in Germany and Switzerland. Medical records were reviewed including laboratory parameters, treatment characteristics and development of adverse events. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival. Results: Median OS of SBRT patients was 18.1 (10.3–25.9) months compared to 8.8 (8.2–9.5) in sorafenib patients. After adjusting for different baseline characteristics, the survival benefit for patients treated with SBRT was still preserved with a median OS of 17.0 (10.8–23.2) months compared to 9.6 (8.6–10.7) months in sorafenib patients. SBRT treatment of intrahepatic lesions in patients with extrahepatic metastases was also associated with improved OS compared to patients treated with sorafenib in the same setting (17.0 vs. 10.0 months, p = 0.012), whereas in patients with portal vein thrombosis there was no survival benefit in patients with SBRT. Conclusions: In this retrospective comparative study, SBRT showed superior efficacy in HCC patients compared to patients treated with sorafenib.
The effect of physical activity promotion program on life satisfaction in the rural elderly

Introduction and purpose: Todays in most societies, there is a great difference between aged population of urban and rural communities. As the age increases, the life satisfaction decreases slowly. Physical activity is one of the factors that influence life satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to address effect of promoting physical activity on life satisfaction among rural elderly. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done in 2017. Sixty four rural elderly from Chalab and Changuleh villages in Ilam province were selected by non-randomized method and assigned to the case (n = 32) and control (n = 30) groups. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and LSI-Z life satisfaction questionnaires. The validity and reliability of questionnaires were evaluated. An intervention through four steps were implemented to promote level of elderly’s physical activity including assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation. Data were collected at baseline and 3 months after the intervention and then analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Findings: At baseline, there were no significant differences between cases and controls in terms of demographic characteristics (according to chi-square test results). In the case group, the results of paired t-test showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the average of elderly’s life satisfaction before (11.90) and after intervention (15.33). In controls, the results of paired t-test didn’t show a significant difference (p > 0.05) between the average score of elderly’s life satisfaction before (15.33) and after intervention (14.91). Conclusion: Life satisfaction of elderlies who participated in physical activity promotion programs (case group) was higher compared to their counterparts at control groups. It is suggested that the native designed physical activity promotion programs can be useful to improve the elderly’s life satisfaction in different regions.
Is Therapy Going to the Dogs? Evaluating Animal Assisted Therapy for Early Identified At-Risk Children

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu. Recommended Citation Brookner, Leah Faith, "Is Therapy Going to the Dogs? Evaluating Animal Assisted Therapy for Early Identified At-Risk Children" (2018). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 4338.
The Third Stroke Registry in Tartu, Estonia

Background and Purpose— The purpose of the present study was to estimate the time trends of stroke during the last 10 years in an Estonian population by comparison of the results from the 2 previous stroke registries from Tartu. Methods— The Third Stroke Registry in Tartu was conducted from January 12, 2001, to November 30, 2003. The previous registry was composed from January 1, 1991, to December 31, 1993. The design of both studies is similar, using the same study criteria and classification schemes. Results— A total of 1280 patients with first-ever stroke were registered during the 5-year study period. The overall incidence rate of 230 per 100 000 declined between the studies to 188 per 100 000 age-standardized to the European standard population. The age-adjusted incidence rate for women decreased from 204 to 164 per 100 000 between the 2 periods. In most of the age groups, the overall case-fatality rates declined during the second period; the trend in the age group 75 to 84 years was statistically si.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Women on Antiretroviral Therapy in Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Background. This study examined health-related quality of life and associated factors among HIV positive women receiving antiretroviral therapy in health facilities of Jimma town. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and consecutive sampling technique was employed to select 377 HIV positive women who were on antiretroviral therapy. Quality of life was measured using WHOQOL-BREF tool. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. P values < 0.05 and adjusted odds ratio with 95% of confidence interval were used to determine statistical significance and report associations between the quality of life and independent variables. Results. Among the sampled participants, 344 were interviewed, yielding 91% of response rate. The mean ± standard deviation age of the respondents was 34.07 ± 8.76 years and 80.5% of them were urban dwellers. The proportion of women reporting good health-related quality of life was found to be 46.5%. Specific to each domain, the mean ± standard deviation of level of independence domain was the highest (14.08 ± 3.07) followed by physical (13.46 ± 2.95), social relationships (13.27 ± 3.91), psychological (12.97 ± 2.47), environmental (12.94 ± 3.25), and spiritual (12.39 ± 2.84) domains. Good social support (AOR: 4.99; 95% CI: [2.88, 8.34]), higher wealth status (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI: [1.02, 3.39]), and being on antiretroviral therapy for shorter duration (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI [1.14, 3.03]) were independently associated with better overall health-related quality of life among the participants. Conclusions. The study demonstrated high proportion of HIV positive women on ART had poor health-related quality of life which was affected by wealth index, social support, and duration on antiretroviral therapy.
A realist review of which advocacy interventions work for which abused women under what circumstances: an exemplar

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Prototype). The objectives are as follows: To assess advocacy interventions for intimate partner abuse in women, in terms of which interventions work for whom, why and in what circumstances. Our strategic objective reflects our higher‐order (realist) question (Greenhalgh 2016), with four more specific descriptive questions as subcomponents and foci in our initial exploration of the data. We will determine all answers (as much as possible) from existing evidence. Research questions How do the key mechanisms associated with the delivery or use of complex interventions that include advocacy as a component interact with contextual influences, and with one another, to explain the successes, failures and partial successes of advocacy as an intervention? What are the active ingredients of advocacy interventions? What are the important moderators or contexts that determine whether the different mechanisms produce their intended outcomes? To what extent do the views and experiences of women who have used advocacy services match the intervention's aims and outcomes? How do organisational and system factors influence implementation of advocacy interventions? These questions may change as the realist review progresses. We will consider active ingredients, impact and outcomes in relation to qualitatively and quantitatively measured effects. Strategic objectives Our strategic objectives are to explain successes, failures, partial successes and small effect sizes in published, empirical studies of advocacy interventions delivered in different settings, and, in particular, to explain mechanisms of effect in heterogeneous, complex, advocacy‐containing interventions. This will enable us to make clear decisions on which studies should be aggregated or synthesised in future reviews, as well as how to interpret the evidence in future reviews of advocacy interventions for abused women. It will also enable researchers and developers to design more effective advocacy interventions in the future, determine which outcomes to include, and improve their reporting and evaluation. In addition, it will help policy makers and practitioners to better understand advocacy interventions, and their likely benefit in the local contexts in which they operate.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm: screening and management

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a frequent cause of death. Management of AAA includes different strategies: open surgery repair, endovascular repair and, for small AAA, medical therapy and careful follow‐up. Endovascular repair is a valid alternative to surgical repair, especially in patients whit high procedural risk.
Study of epidemiology and outcome of chest trauma at an apex tertiary care trauma centre

Background: Trauma accounts for 12% of the world’s burden of disease. Chest trauma is present in about 50% of trauma victims and is the cause of death in about 25%. Present study focuses on the epidemiology and outcome associated with both, blunt and penetrating chest trauma, over a period of one year in our high-volume tertiary level trauma centre in Mumbai.Methods: A prospective study including all patients between the ages of 18-60 years who suffered from chest trauma and were admitted to trauma ICU over a period of one year. Master chart was maintained of all data collected and Revised trauma Score and Apache II Score was calculated.Results: Using Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis it was found that factors significantly affecting mortality were Age, Revised Trauma Score <7, Apache II score >18 and infective complications.Conclusions: Mortality from chest trauma can be significantly reduced by development of better trauma care systems, prevention of shock and hypoxia and adherence to strict aseptic precautions to prevent infective complications.
Incidência de lesão por pressão e medidas preventivas em pacientes críticos/ Pressure injury incidence and preventive measures in critical patients

Considerando que o paciente crítico é mais suscetível ao desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão, objetivou-se analisar a incidência de lesão por pressão em pacientes críticos e identificar as medidas preventivas instituídas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal baseado na análise de 198 prontuários de pacientes admitidos nas duas unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário do Sul do Brasil, entre julho e dezembro de 2015. Os dados foram coletados no período de abril a maio de 2016, utilizando-se um instrumento elaborado pelos próprios autores. Posteriormente, os dados foram duplamente digitados no Epi Info® e analisados pelo programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences®. Predominaram pacientes do sexo masculino (60,1%), raça branca (73,2%), com média de idade de 57,5 anos e incidência de lesão por pressão de 39,4%. As medidas preventivas mais registradas (97,9%) foram: inspeção da pele, mudança de decúbito a cada duas horas, cabeceira elevada até 30º e uso de coxins. Não houve associação entre medidas preventivas e desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão. O estudo mostrou elevada incidência de lesão por pressão e identificou as medidas instituídas para prevenção, possibilitando uma reflexão sobre as ações prescritas pelo enfermeiro para redução de tais eventos, promoção da saúde dos pacientes e melhoria da qualidade da assistência de enfermagem.
The preferred learning styles utilizing VARK among nursing students with bachelor degrees and associate degrees in China

International Nursing School of Hainan Medical University, 3 Xueyuan Road, Chengxi District, Haikou, 571199,Hainan, China. Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013 , Hunan, China. Confl icts to interest: none to declare. Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine the differences in learning style preferences among bachelor degree nursing students at Central South University and associate degree nursing students at the Vocational Health School in China. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey using the Chinese version of the VARK questionnaire to assess preferred learning styles: 159 enrolled bachelor degree nursing students and 199 enrolled associate degree nursing students completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 96.8%. Results: The bachelor degree nursing students tend to prefer a multimodal learning style (58.49%), which signifi cantly differed from that of associate degree nursing students (45.77%). The kinaesthetic modality was the predominant unimodal learning style among the bachelor degree and associate degree nursing students (18.20% and 33.67%), and the read-write modality was the least popular modality (2.5% and 4.02%). Conclusion: There are both differences and similarities between the learning style preferences of bachelor degree and associate degree nursing students. Educational background is one of the most critical factors that infl uence the learning style preference of nursing students. This fi nding may be necessary and benefi cial for carrying out future curricula reform. In addition, further comprehensive research should be conducted to examine the relationships between learning style preferences and academic performance, as well as learning style preferences and teaching methods.
Multicenter assessment of quantitative sensory testing (QST) for the detection of neuropathic-like pain responses using the topical capsaicin model

ABSTRACT Background The use of quantitative sensory testing (QST) in multicenter studies has been quite limited, due in part to lack of standardized procedures among centers. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the application of the capsaicin pain model as a surrogate experimental human model of neuropathic pain in different centers and verify the variation in reports of QST measures across centers. Methods A multicenter study conducted by the Quebec Pain Research Network in six laboratories allowed the evaluation of nine QST parameters in 60 healthy subjects treated with topical capsaicin to model unilateral pain and allodynia. The same measurements (without capsaicin) were taken in 20 patients with chronic neuropathic pain recruited from an independent pain clinic. Results Results revealed that six parameters detected a significant difference between the capsaicin-treated and the control skin areas: (1) cold detection threshold (CDT) and (2) cold pain threshold (CPT) are lower on the capsaicin-treated side, indicating a decreased in cold sensitivity; (3) heat pain threshold (HPT) was lower on the capsaicin-treated side in healthy subjects, suggesting an increased heat pain sensitivity; (4) dynamic mechanical allodynia (DMA); (5) mechanical pain after two stimulations (MPS2); and (6) mechanical pain summation after ten stimulations (MPS10), are increased on the capsaicin-treated side, suggesting an increased in mechanical pain (P < 0.002). CDT, CPT and HPT showed comparable effects across all six centers, with CPT and HPT demonstrating the best sensitivity. Data from the patients showed significant difference between affected and unaffected body side but only with CDT. Conclusion These results provide further support for the application of QST in multicenter studies examining normal and pathological pain responses.
Are Lebanese schools adopting a health promotion approach in their curricula?

Introduction: The concept of the health promoting school offers a coherent approach to promoting health and well-being within a whole school community. This study sought to evaluate the health programmes and policies adopted by different Lebanese schools, and their appropriateness for this role as part of health promotion. Methods: Our research took the form of a prospective observational study involving 50 schools from different areas of Lebanon. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the Health Assessment Tool for Schools (HATS). Data were analysed to describe school characteristics and to reveal differences in the health topics addressed. Results: Most of the schools included in the study came from Mount Lebanon (56%). Around 70% of the involved schools offered health-related courses in their curricula. Health-related seminars and workshops (60%) and health awareness campaigns took place at the studied schools, with 98% incorporating physical education into the curriculum. Dental health (74%), smoking cessation (72%) and physical activity (68%) were among other most addressed topics, while mental health was the least discussed (20%). The majority (70%) of schools had a shared vision of what promoting health involved and sought to promote the active involvement of community members in the life of the school (60%). Around two-thirds of the schools (66%) provided physical support and facilities, and had developed policies for health promotion. Less than half of these schools’ health committees, however, had developed plans to improve health promotion and review data to ensure the effectiveness of their programmes. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that despite weaknesses, the majority of the sampled schools had either implemented or were in the process of implementing a health promoting school programme to improve health education and students’ well-being.