Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASTRINGENCY REMOVAL AND RIPENING PROCESS OF PERSIMMONS TREATED WITH ETHEPHON AND ETHANOL

The present study was carried out during 2006 and 2007 seasons to evaluate the effect of dipping persimmon fruits in different concentrations of ethephon and ethanol solutions as post harvest treatment to remove astringency and hasten fruit ripening. The data indicated that ethephon at 750 ppm was superior effect for reducing fruit firmness and total tannins with increasing total soluble solids and enhancing ripening process than dipping fruits in 500 or 1000 ppm. Moreover, ethanol application at 25 % was suitable to accelerate fruit ripening with increasing soluble solids than dipping fruits in 50 % concentration. Since, these treatments were more effective to remove fruit astringency through reducing tannin content. Also, these solutions are save for human health.
Annual reproductive cycle of gafftopsail catfish, Bagre marinus (Ariidae) in a tropical coastal environment in the Gulf of Mexico

Reproductive cycle of gafftopsail catfish (Bagre marinus) and its relation to environmental variables were analyzed, based on specimens collected randomly from commercial landings of long line artisan fleet of the Chiltepec Barrier, Tabasco State. Gonadosomatic index showed that this species had one reproductive period per year (May - August). Reproduction occurs in shallow coastal waters at high temperatures (27.0 - 29.0°C) under heavy precipitation conditions (170- 333 mm). Female condition factor had a similar behavior than the gonadosomatic index, reaching high values (0.61 to 0.63) during May through July, although a high value of 0.64 was observed during March. A decrease on the condition factor in males from July (0.55) to October (0.50) was related to the energetic cost of oral incubation. This finding was consistent with a decrease in the proportion of captured males during these months (from 50.7% in July to 23.9% in November) when males migrated from fishing areas to estuarine zones to release their progeny. Gafftopsail catfish presents a synchronic ovocitary development in two groups with total spawning. The species is characterized by low fecundity. The mean number of mature hydrated oocytes per female was 33, ranging from 21 to 62, which is related to the mouth brooding tactic wich allowed ariid species to survive under a variety of environmental conditions. Gafftopsail catfish take advantages of the different habitats present in its distribution area, by using a reproductive strategy with local seasonal migrations.
A rediscovered treasure: mycorrhizal intensity database for 3000 vascular plant species across the former Soviet Union

The symbiosis between vascular plants and mycorrhizal fungi is paramount for carbon and nutrient cycling in most of the world's ecosystems. Most vascular plant species are associated with mycorrhizal fungal partners, and the association is essential for the carbon and nutrition economies of both partners. However, despite its clear importance, data on this symbiosis are lacking: for most vascular plant species, mycorrhizal type is unknown. Very rarely is there data on the levels of mycorrhizal infection intensity in multiple habitats. We translated and digitized a huge data set on vascular plant mycorrhizal intensity throughout the former Soviet Union, previously available only as a hard copy appendix of the doctoral thesis of Ivan A. Selivanov published in Russian in 1976 and not accessible to the international research community. We updated the taxonomic plant nomenclature to the International Plant Name Index and adjusted mycorrhizal and ecological terminology according to the modern international literature. The database contains 7445 records on mycorrhizal infection type and intensity of 2970 plant species from 155 families, in 154 sites, situated across the former Soviet Union (mostly on the territory of the current Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan), comprising together extensive geological, topographic, and climatic gradients. The data set includes percentage infection for each species–site combination for arbuscular, ericoid, arbutoid, endo-mycorrhizal, dark septate, orchid- and ecto-mycorrhizal fungi. Each record has a detailed description of geography. For many records, soils and host plant community are described. Most of the sites are natural; 10 sites are situated in botanical gardens. For 1291 species the intensity of mycorrhizal infection is quantified in multiple plant communities (2–57). The remaining species are described at single sites. Selivanov developed his own methods for quantifying mycorrhizal infection intensity. These methods are comparable, but not identical to, the methodology commonly used today. Based on our own sampling of 99 plant species collected in two distant sites (Caucasus [Russia] and Abisko [Sweden]), we provide a simple equation for data conversion between the two methods. The availability of this database will help to provide answers to important questions concerning biogeochemical cycling, climate change impacts, and co-evolution of plants and fungi. The complete data sets corresponding to abstracts published in the Data Papers section of the journal are published electronically in Ecological Archives at 〈http://esapubs.org/archive〉. (The accession number for each Data Paper is given directly beneath the title.)
Understanding hadronic gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants

We aim to test the plausibility of a theoretical framework in which the gamma-ray emission detected from supernova remnants may be of hadronic origin, i.e., due to the decay of neutral pions produced in nuclear collisions involving relativistic nuclei. In particular, we investigate the effects induced by magnetic field amplification on the expected particle spectra, outlining a phenomenological scenario consistent with both the underlying Physics and the larger and larger amount of observational data provided by the present generation of gamma experiments, which seem to indicate rather steep spectra for the accelerated particles. In addition, in order to study to study how pre-supernova winds might affect the expected emission in this class of sources, the time-dependent gamma-ray luminosity of a remnant with a massive progenitor is worked out. Solid points and limitations of the proposed scenario are finally discussed in a critical way.
Pressure-induced phase transitions in Zr-rich PbZr1-xTixO3 ceramics

A Raman study of structural changes in the Zr-rich PbZr1-xTixO3 (PZT) system under hydrostatic pressures up to 5.0 GPa is presented. We observe that externally applied pressure induces several phase transitions in PZT ceramics among phases with orthorhombic (AO), rhombohedral low-temperature (RLT), and rhombohedral high-temperature (RHT) symmetries (all found in PZT at ambient pressure and room temperature). Each of the compositions investigated (0.02⩽x⩽0.14) exhibits a high-pressure phase with orthorhombic (OI') symmetry. We further report a detailed study of the pressure dependence of Raman frequencies to elucidate the phase transitions and to provide a set of pressure coefficients for the high-pressure phases.
Singular elements for electro-mechanical coupling analysis of micro-devices

The boundary element method is widely used in the electrostatic analysis of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) in order to determine the capacitance and electrostatic forces. However, the standard elements with low-order polynomial basis functions cannot produce accurate solutions in the vicinity of sharp corners and edges. This paper describes the formulation of new singular elements and their application to electromechanical coupling analysis. These singular elements are specially designed to handle the singularities in the potential gradient at sharp corners and edges, thereby improving the accuracy of the electrostatic analysis of the simulations of MEMS devices. Numerical simulations of micro-beam switches, comb-drive and micro-mirror are conducted, and the effects of using the singular elements are investigated.
Fitness of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) on seven host plants and an artificial diet

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is one of the most destructive pests in the Asia and Pacific area and is an important quarantine pest for the United States and many countries. This fly attacks more than 150 cultivated and wild fruits in Taiwan. To build an ecological database, we studied the life tables of B. dorsalis reared on seven host plants and an artificial diet at 25±1°C, 70±10% R.H. , and a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) h. The life history raw data were analyzed using an age-stage, two-sex life table. The mean fecundity (F) ranged from 252.3 to 1300.3 eggs per female, and the highest fecundity was observed on pomelo; the net reproductive rate (R0) ranged from 100.9 to 588.3, and the highest reproductive rate was observed on jujube. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.1790, 0.1667, 0.1333, 0.1261, 0.1161, 0.1128, 0.1120, and 0.0797d-1on pitaya, artificial diet, guava, sweet orange, wax apple, pomelo, jujube, and wild-type mango in descending order, respectively. The high fecundity, net reproductive rates, and intrinsic rates of increase on these common fruits explain not only the high fitness of B. dorsalis as a pest in many areas but also the difficulty in managing this pest in past decades, as well. Finally, the results of a population projection could reveal the population growth and stage structure. The study were demonstrated that the age-stage, two-sex life table is a promising and reliable tool for pest management and general ecological study
Delay performance of some scheduling strategies in an input queuing ATM switch with multiclass bursty traffic

Considers an N/spl times/N nonblocking, space division, input queuing ATM cell switch, and a class of Markovian models for cell arrivals on each of its inputs. The traffic at each input comprises geometrically distributed bursts of cells, each burst destined for a particular output. The inputs differ in the burstiness of the offered traffic, with burstiness being characterized in terms of the average burst length. We analyze burst delays where some inputs receive traffic with low burstiness and others receive traffic with higher burstiness. Three policies for head-of-the-line contention resolution are studied: two static priority policies [shorter-expected-burst-length-first (SEBF), longer-expected-burst-length-first (LEBF)] and random selection (RS). Direct queuing analysis is used to obtain approximations for asymptotic high and low priority mean burst delays with the priority policies. Simulation is used for obtaining mean burst delays for finite N and for the random selection policy. As the traffic burstiness increases, the asymptotic analysis can serve as a good approximation only for large switch sizes. Qualitative performance comparisons based on the asymptotic analysis are, however, found to continue to hold for finite switch sizes. It is found that the SEBF policy yields the best delay performance over a wide range of loads, while RS lies in between. SEBF drastically reduces the delay of the less bursty traffic while only slightly increasing the delay of the more bursty traffic. LEBF causes severe degradation in the delay of less bursty traffic, while only marginally improving the delays of the more bursty traffic. RS can be an adequate compromise if there is no prior knowledge of input traffic burstiness.
Cotton root and shoot growth as affected by application of mepiquat chloride to cotton seeds - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v34i1.12369

The effects of mepiquat chloride (MC) application to cotton seeds on the initial growth of the plant roots and shoots were studied in a greenhouse experiment. Glass-front containers with 27 L of soil were used in the experiment. Cotton seeds of the cultivar FM 993 were sprayed with MC at five different doses of active ingredient (a.i.): 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g kg -1 seed. The shoot and root dry matter, leaf area, shoot:root ratio, leaf area: root growth ratio, and shoot length were evaluated 21 days after sowing. The root growth was evaluated every three days up to 18 days. The application of MC to cotton seeds decreased the shoot length but had no significant effect on the dry matter production, root length, shoot:root ratio or leaf area: root length ratio. Thus, the application of MC to cotton seeds is not expected to have a deleterious effect on plant water acquisition.
The repeatability of cerebral autoregulation assessment using sinusoidal lower body negative pressure

A forced periodic variation in blood pressure produces a similar variation in cerebral blood velocity. The amplitudes and phases of the pressure and velocity waveforms are indicative of the dynamic response of the cerebral autoregulation. The phase of the velocity leads the pressure; the greater the phase difference the faster the autoregulation response. Various techniques have been employed to oscillate arterial blood pressure but measurement reproducibility has been poor. The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of phase measurements when sinusoidal lower body negative pressure is used to vary blood pressure. Five healthy volunteers were assessed at two vacuum levels on each of eight visits. For each measurement a 12 s sinusoidal cycle was maintained for 5 min. The Fourier components of blood pressure and the middle cerebral artery velocity were determined at the oscillation frequency. The phase of velocity consistently led the pressure. The mean phase difference was 42 ± 13° for the stronger vacuum and 36 ± 42° for the weaker vacuum. The variation given is the within-subjects standard deviation estimated from a one-way analysis of variance. Sinusoidal lower body negative pressure is a useful stimulus for investigating autoregulation; it has advantages over other methods. High vacuums show good reproducibility but are too uncomfortable for patient use.
Electronic Structure of Rutile Oxides TiO2, RuO2 and IrO2 Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Valence band X-ray photoelectron spectra of the rutile oxides TiO2, RuO2, and IrO2 show a distinct evolution as a function of the increasing number of metal d-electrons. The observations are found to be in excellent agreement with recent theoretical models. Intensity analysis and photo-ionization cross sections are used to confirm the nature of the band responsible for conducting properties. The result is in accordance with a crystal field model proposed earlier. The deduced number of "free electrons" in the valence band is used to correlate the asymmetry recorded for the core level lines.
Magnetization plateaus in frustrated antiferromagnetic quantum spin models

Plateaus can be observed in the zero-temperature magnetization curve of quantum spin systems at rational values of the magnetization. In one dimension, the appearance of a plateau is controlled by a quantization condition for the magnetization which involves the length of the local spin and the volume of a translational unit cell of the ground state. We discuss examples of geometrically frustrated quantum spin systems with large (in general unbounded) periodicities of spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry in the ground state. In two dimensions, we discuss the square, triangular and Kagomé lattices using exact diagonalization (ED) for up to N = 40 sites. For the spin-1/2 XXZ model on the triangular lattice we study the nature and stability region of a plateau at one third of the saturation magnetization. The Kagomé lattice gives rise to particularly rich behaviour with several plateaus in the magnetization curve and a jump due to local magnon excitations just below saturation.
Functional understanding of the versatile protein copper metabolism MURR1 domain 1 (COMMD1) in copper homeostasis

Copper is an important cofactor in numerous biological processes in all living organisms. However, excessive copper can be extremely toxic, so it is vital that the copper level within a cell is tightly regulated. The damaging effect of copper is seen in several hereditary forms of copper toxicity in humans and animals. At present, Wilson's disease is the best‐described and best‐studied copper‐storage disorder in humans; it is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. In dogs, a mutation in the COMMD1 gene has been found to be associated with copper toxicosis. Using a liver‐specific Commd1 knockout mouse, the biological role of Commd1 in copper homeostasis has been confirmed. Yet, the exact mechanism by which COMMD1 regulates copper homeostasis is still unknown. Here, we give an overview of the current knowledge and perspectives on the molecular function of COMMD1 in copper homeostasis.
Adoption and use of E-Government services: The case of Romania

Los gobiernos nacionales hacen importantes esfuerzos para quehacer sus servicios e y informaciones se encuentren disponibles en Internet. Sin embargo, el exito de estos esfuerzos depende, en gran medida, de que tan biencomo los usuarios a los que van dirigidos tales serviciosde e gobierno servicios, los ciudadanos en general, hacen uso de ellos. Porara esta razon, el proposito del presente articulo es de identificar los factores que podrian afectar la adopcion de los servicios de gobierno electronicos,. analizando el caso de Rumania. De acuerdoConforme con la encuesta sobre gobiernos electronicos de UN investigacion E-government realizada de UN en 2008, Rumania esta entre los paises con un nivel medio de desarrollo del E-gobiernogobierno electronico (porcentaje de utilizacion 37%). El portal nacional de Rumania portal nacional – www.guvernare. ro - tiene comopor objeto hacer accesibles progresivamente todos los servicios y la informacion accesible a traves del portal. El estudio es una extension del Modelo de Aceptacion de Tecnologia. El modelo propuesto fue validado con datos recogidos de 481 ciudadanos.
Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions

The present physics understandings of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability of tokamak plasmas, the threshold conditions for onset of MHD instability, and the resulting operational limits on attainable plasma pressure (beta limit) and density (density limit), and the consequences of plasma disruption and disruption related effects are reviewed and assessed in the context of their application to a future DT burning reactor prototype tokamak experiment such as ITER. The principal considerations covered within the MHD stability and beta limit assessments are (i) magnetostatic equilibrium, ideal MHD stability and the resulting ideal MHD beta limit; (ii) sawtooth oscillations and the coupling of sawtooth activity to other types of MHD instability; (iii) neoclassical island resistive tearing modes and the corresponding limits on beta and energy confinement; (iv) wall stabilization of ideal MHD instabilities and resistive wall instabilities; (v) mode locking effects of non-axisymmetric error fields; (vi) edge localized MHD instabilities (ELMs, etc.); and (vii) MHD instabilities and beta/pressure gradient limits in plasmas with actively modified current and magnetic shear profiles. The principal considerations covered within the density limit assessments are (i) empirical density limits; (ii) edge power balance/radiative density limits in ohmic and L-mode plasmas; and (iii) edge parameter related density limits in H-mode plasmas. The principal considerations covered in the disruption assessments are (i) disruption causes, frequency and MHD instability onset; (ii) disruption thermal and current quench characteristics; (iii) vertical instabilities (VDEs), both before and after disruption, and plasma and in-vessel halo currents; (iv) after disruption runaway electron formation, confinement and loss; (v) fast plasma shutdown (rapid externally initiated dissipation of plasma thermal and magnetic energies); (vi) means for disruption avoidance and disruption effect mitigation; and (vii) `integrated' modelling of disruptions and fast shutdown and of the ensuing effects. In each instance, the presentation within a given topical area progresses from a summary of present experimental and theoretical understanding to how this understanding projects or extrapolates to an ITER class reactor regime tokamak. Examples of extrapolations to the specific ITER design concept developed during the course of the ITER EDA are given, and assessments of the degree of adequacy of present understanding are also provided. In areas where present understanding is identified to be less than fully adequate, areas in which continuing or new research is needed are identified.
On non-trivial additive cocycles on the torus

We construct a family of functions with zero mean on a multidimensional torus possessing a very high degree of smoothness, such that the equation has no measurable solutions for any badly approximable vector . For every vector admitting an arbitrary prescribed degree of simultaneous Diophantine approximation we construct a cocycle of extremal smoothness that is asymptotically normal in the strong sense. Bibliography: 19 titles.
The Quality of Kampung Broiler (KB) Chicken Frozen Semen with DMA Concentrations on Yolk Lactate Ringer Diluent

Chicken Kampung Broiler (KB) is the result of a cross between a local chicken (chicken) with broiler imported chicken (broiler chicken). Testing the quality of frozen chicken semen from crossing needs to be done to get high productivity. This study aims to obtain a concentration of cryoprotectant Dimethyl Acetamide (DMA) the best of the concentration of 5%, 7% and 9% in chicken semen freezing KB. The semen used in this study came from three chickens of KB and repeated as many as nine times. Semen is collected by the method of message three times a week. Semen is evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Subsequently spermatozoa were diluted with yolk diluent and the addition of three DMA cryoprotectant concentrations (5%, 7%, and 9%). Semen diluted 0:25 ml is packed into straw. Then equilibrated at a temperature of 5 ° C for two hours. After equilibration evaluation of motility and viability of spermatozoa. It is then frozen on liquid nitrogen vapor for 10 minutes. Frozen semen is then stored in liquid nitrogen containers at a temperature of -196 ° C. After 24 hours, the thawing semen in 37 ° C for 30 seconds. The results showed that the addition of DMA 9% in Ringer's lactate diluent yolk produces a percentage motility and viability after thawing is greater than 5% and DMA 7%. Neither the addition of DMA 9% concentration can increase recovery rate after thawing
Measuring the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect through the cross correlation of Planck and WMAP maps with ROSAT galaxy cluster catalogs

We measure a significant correlation between the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the Planck and WMAP maps and an X-ray cluster map based on ROSAT. We use the 100, 143 and 343 GHz Planck maps and the WMAP 94 GHz map to obtain this cluster cross spectrum. We check our measurements for contamination from dusty galaxies using the cross correlations with the 217, 545 and 857 GHz maps from Planck. Our measurement yields a direct characterization of the cluster power spectrum over a wide range of angular scales that is consistent with large cosmological simulations. The amplitude of this signal depends on cosmological parameters that determine the growth of structure (σ8 and ΩM) and scales as σ87. 4 and ΩM1. 9 around the multipole (ℓ) ∼ 1000. We constrain σ8 and ΩM from the cross-power spectrum to be σ8(ΩM/0.30)0.26 = 0.8±0.02. Since this cross spectrum produces a tight constraint in the σ8 and ΩM plane the errors on a σ8 constraint will be mostly limited by the uncertainties from external constraints. Future cluster catalogs, like those from eRosita and LSST, and pointed multi-wavelength observations of clusters will improve the constraining power of this cross spectrum measurement. In principle this analysis can be extended beyond σ8 and ΩM to constrain dark energy or the sum of the neutrino masses.