Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algorithms with performance guarantees for flow shops with regular objective functions

We consider flow-shop scheduling problems with regular (nondecreasing) objective functions such as the minimization of makespan in the presence of arbitrary precedence constraints, the weighted sum of job completion times in the presence of series-parallel precedence constraints, the discounted total weighted completion time, and the sum of the quadratic job completion times. We present algorithms with tight worst-case performance bounds for all of these problems by utilizing the optimal permutations for the corresponding single-machine problems. We also investigate the asymptotic optimality of our algorithms.
Weighted Sobolev embeddings and radial solutions of inhomogeneous quasilinear elliptic equations

We study weighted Sobolev embeddings in radially symmetric function spaces and then investigate the existence of nontrivial radial solutions of inhomogeneous quasilinear elliptic equation with singular potentials and super-$(p, q)$-linear nonlinearity. The model equation is of the form $ -\Delta_p u+V(|x|)|u|^{q-2}u=Q(|x|)|u|^{s-2}u, x\in R^N,$ $ u(x) \rightarrow 0,$ as $ |x|\rightarrow\infty. $
Finite element modelling of acoustic field inside small components: application to an annular slit terminated by an aperture in an infinite screen

Investigating accurately the acoustic behaviour of small fluid-filled cavities and ducts and their association is a problem of persistent importance, because nowadays both experimental investigations and theoretical modelling must provide results of increasingly higher precision. The motivation here is provided mainly by the acoustic measurement tools used for both the calibration of microphones and the artificial ear (IEC 60318-1). Both improved analytical models of small acoustic components (small tubes and slits), which account for the effects of the viscous and thermal boundary layers accurately in the frequency range of interest (20 Hz to 20 kHz), and experimental characterization of their input impedances (with a relative uncertainty of the order of magnitude of 10−2) have been proposed recently (Rodrigues et al 2008 J. Sound Vib. 315 890–910). Existing analytical procedures for coupled components suffer from strong approximations at the interfaces between narrow tubes and slits or other elements as well as the open space. A dedicated numerical model can be used in order to investigate accurately the acoustic field at these interfaces. The numerical model presented in the paper relies on a suitable linear exact formulation, based upon two coupled equations involving particle velocity and temperature variation (Joly 2010 Acta Acust. United Acust. 96 102–14) and utilizes an adaptive anisotropic meshing technique to model correctly the strong variations which occur around the geometrical discontinuities and inside the boundary layers. Application to a 2D axisymmetrical device (annular slit ending in an aperture in an infinite screen) is considered to present the ability of the method. Acoustic pressure, temperature variation and particle velocity distributions inside and around the end of the slit are depicted, and the input acoustic admittance of the slit obtained numerically is compared with both experimental and analytical results available.
Numerical Predictions of Turbulence/Cascade-Interaction Noise Using Computational Aeroacoustics with a Stochastic Model

Turbulent-flow interactions with the outlet guide vanes are known to mainly contribute to broadband-noise emission of aeroengines at approach conditions. This paper presents a three-dimensional computational aeroacoustics hybrid method aiming at simulating the aeroacoustic response of an annular cascade impacted by a prescribed homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow. It is based on a time-domain Euler solver coupled to a synthetic turbulence model implemented in the code by means of a suited inflow boundary condition. The fluctuating pressure over the airfoil surface provided by computational aeroacoustics is used as an input to a Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings integral method to calculate the radiated sound field. Euler computations are first validated against an academic computational aeroacoustics benchmark in the case of an harmonic gust interacting with an annular flat-plate cascade. Then, simulations are applied to turbulence–cascade interactions for annular configurations, in uniform and swirling mean .
R-matrix electron-impact excitation data for the Li-like iso-electronic sequence including Auger and radiation damping

We present results for the electron-impact excitation of all Li-like ions from Be+ to Kr33+ which we obtained using the radiation- and Auger-damped intermediate-coupling frame transformation R-matrix approach. We have included both valence- and core-electron excitations up to the 1s(2)5l and 1s2l4l' levels, respectively. A detailed comparison of the target structure and collision data has been made for four specific ions (O5+, Ar15+, Fe23+ and Kr33+) spanning the sequence so as to assess the accuracy for the entire sequence. Effective collision strengths (gamma s) are presented at temperatures ranging from 2 x 10(2)(z + 1)(2) K to 2 x 10(6)(z + 1)(2) K (where z is the residual charge of the ions, i.e. Z - 3). Detailed comparisons for the gamma s are made with the results of previous calculations for several ions which span the sequence. The radiation and Auger damping effects were explored for core-excitations along the iso-electronic sequence. Furthermore, we examined the iso-electronic trends of effective collision strengths as a function of temperature.
Optimizing the real‐time ground level enhancement alert system based on neutron monitor measurements: Introducing GLE Alert Plus

Whenever a significant intensity increase is being recorded by at least three neutron monitor stations in real‐time mode, a ground level enhancement (GLE) event is marked and an automated alert is issued. Although, the physical concept of the algorithm is solid and has efficiently worked in a number of cases, the availability of real‐time data is still an open issue and makes timely GLE alerts quite challenging. In this work we present the optimization of the GLE alert that has been set into operation since 2006 at the Athens Neutron Monitor Station. This upgrade has led to GLE Alert Plus, which is currently based upon the Neutron Monitor Database (NMDB). We have determined the critical values per station allowing us to issue reliable GLE alerts close to the initiation of the event while at the same time we keep the false alert rate at low levels. Furthermore, we have managed to treat the problem of data availability, introducing the Go‐Back‐N algorithm. A total of 13 GLE events have been marked from January 2000 to December 2012. GLE Alert Plus issued an alert for 12 events. These alert times are compared to the alert times of GOES Space Weather Prediction Center and Solar Energetic Particle forecaster of the University of Málaga (UMASEP). In all cases GLE Alert Plus precedes the GOES alert by ≈8–52 min. The comparison with UMASEP demonstrated a remarkably good agreement. Real‐time GLE alerts by GLE Alert Plus may be retrieved by http://cosray.phys.uoa.gr/gle_alert_plus. html, http://www.nmdb. eu, and http://swe.ssa. esa.int/web/guest/space‐radiation. An automated GLE alert email notification system is also available to interested users.
Efficiency Bounds for Semiparametric Regression

Efficiency bounds for conditional moment restrictions with a nonparametric component are derived. There is a given function of the data (a random sample from a distribution F) and a parameter. The restriction is that a conditional expectation of this function is zero at some point in the parameter space. The parameter has two parts: a finite-dimensional component and a general function evaluated at a subset of the conditioning variables. An example is a regression function that is additive in parametric and nonparametric component, as arises in sample selection models. Copyright 1992 by The Econometric Society.
Direct and Inverse Scattering Problem for Canonical Systems with a Strictly Pseudo – Exponential Potential

Explicit formulas are given for the solutions of the direct and inverse scattering problems for a canonical differential system with a strictly pseudo–exponential potential. The proofs are self–contained and employ state space techniques from mathematical system theory. The paper supplements an earlier paper of the first two authors where explicit formulas were given using Marchenko's approach, and an earlier paper of the last three authors where self–contained proofs were given for the corresponding direct and inverse spectral problems. Two types of factorizations of the scattering matrix function appear and connections between them are considered.
Low-Resolution Numerical Simulation of Decaying Two-Dimensional Turbulence

Abstract Numerical simulations of two-dimensional turbulence show that O(κ−1) and O(κ−4) energy spectra—described by Fox and Orszag (1973a) as enstrophy-equipartitioning and strongly dissipating turbulence, respectively—occur independently of the type of dissipation mechanism, and the inclusion of forcing and the β-effect. In both states the modal decorrelation rate η depends strongly upon wavenumber in accordance with the equations of a direct interaction approximation (Kraichnan, 1958), but in conflict with the hypothetical wavenumber independence of η in an enstrophy-caseading inertial similarity range. Implications for geophysical fluid dynamical modeling are discussed.
Oligopoly Power Producer’s Capacity Investment Model with Contracts for Differences

This paper presents a three-level oligopoly power producer’s capacity investment game model, whose first level considers optimal regulation policy, and second-level models producer’s capacity investment strategy based on the analysis of power producer’s equilibrium biding strategy with capacity and price cap constraints at third level. We solve the model with backward induction and simulate the symmetric case. Precisely, we examine the effect of the number of oligopoly power producers, price cap, and contracts for differences (CFDs) on the unit load and power sale price and explore the optimal investment policy based on the maximization of discounted social welfare. For the proportion of power in CFDs being very big and power supply being relatively nervous in Chinese power market, we discuss the effect of power capacity investment subsidies and CFDs power price on power supply and demand, whose results indicate that reducing the proportion of CFDs’ power in the power producer’s access grid power is an effective way to alleviate the tension in power supply and demand, and the current renewable energy policy can neither necessarily ease the tension condition of power supply nor can it necessarily promote the construction of renewable power generation units.
Spatial Stability Analysis of a Flap Side Edge Vortex

The flap side edge vortex is suspected to contribute to aerodynamic noise generation. Using a temporal stability analysis, Khorrami and Singer have shown that unstable modes could exist in this vortex. Due to the convective nature of this instability, a spatial analysis is more suitable. This is the subject of the present work. The mean flow past a 2D wing with a half-span flap has been computed with a steady 3D Navier-Stokes code. Then, local linear stability calculations are performed in several planes perpendicular to the vortex axis. The vortex is assumed axisymmetric and modelled with Batchelor's analytical vortex. Using Gaster's relation, the spatial amplification rate is calculated, giving by integration the relative amplitude of the fluctuations. Some low-frequency fluctuations are seen to be preferentially amplified by the vortex, but the amplifications remain small, so that this mechanism alone should not produce important noise in this particular configuration, where the flap deflection angle is moderate.
Age-dependent predation model of black-footed ferrets and prairie dogs

The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes; Mustelidae) is a weasel-like carnivore that preys almost exclusively upon prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.; Rodentia) in central North America. This tightly coupled system and the endangered status of ferrets motivated our predation model. An age-dependent model is formulated, clearly stating and comparing assumptions with the actual biological system. Tenable parameters and values are built into the model in order to make predictions based on “real” data. Species-specific population data and energetic models, as well as general mustelid features, are the basis of ferret inputs. Extensive population data from several prairie dog species are used to create a "generic" prairie dog. A Holling type III functional response and sigmoidal birth and survival functions describe ferrets living in a single, very large colony of prairie dogs. The model consists of discrete-time equations for the annual birth pulse for each species, with the remaining year governed by a system of s.
CAN GOOD QUESTIONS AND PEER DISCUSSION IMPROVE CALCULUS INSTRUCTION?

ABSTRACT Preliminary report of the results of a project 1 to introduce peer instruction into a multi-section first semester calculus course taught largely by novice instructors. This paper summarizes the instructional approaches instructors chose to use, and the subsequent results of student performance on common exams throughout the course of the term. 1 Support for the Good Questions project was provided by the National Science Foundation's Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory Improvement Program under grant DUE-0231154. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Foundation.
Resonance Properties of Single-Crystal Hexagonal Ferrites

Ferromagnetic resonance measurements have been performed on single‐crystal samples of the hexagonal ferrites BaFe12O19, Zn2Y, and Co2Y. Values of linewidth, g value, and anisotropy field are given as a function of temperature from 77°K to 600°K at various frequencies between 8 and 75 kMc. Zn2Y is singularly interesting because it exhibits an extremely narrow room temperature linewidth at X band. Values as low as 16 oe, with anisotropy fields of 9000 oe are reported. The theory of the resonance behavoir is developed and compared to the experimental results.
Hybrid Learning: A Qualitative Study of Learners’ Anxiety in Language Classrooms

: This qualitative study aims to investigate the sources of foreign language anxiety among undergraduate students participating in the hybrid learning classrooms. The primary objective of this study was to identify factors that may cause foreign language classroom anxiety, and factors that may reduce anxiety to better understand the impact that anxiety may have in learning an English as a foreign language. The sample groups in the study were purposively selected from the students studying English course as a compulsory subject in a Thai university. To collect the data, a semi-structured interviews has been employed. The data, then, were qualitatively analyzed through the thematic analysis. The findings show that the psycholinguistics, and socio-cultural aspects of language learning and communication that may induce English language anxiety among EFL students in the language classroom. The necessity of English language teachers identifying and understanding these anxiety provoking causes to create an anxiety-free learning environment which helps students make progress in their English development.
The impact of immigration and integration policies on immigrant-native labour market hierarchies

ABSTRACT Across European Union (EU) labour markets, immigrant and native populations exhibit disparate labour market outcomes, signifying widespread labour market hierarchies. Despite the considerable investment in migration and integration policies, it remains unclear whether these contribute to or alleviate labour market hierarchies between natives and immigrants. Using a longitudinal model based on individual-level EU LFS and country-level DEMIG POLICY and POLMIG databases, we explore variation in changes of immigration and integration policies across Western EU member states to study how they are linked to labour market hierarchies in terms of unemployment and employment quality gaps between immigrant and native populations. Our findings suggest that designing less restrictive immigration and integration policies could aid in reducing existing labour market disadvantages for immigrants, enabling them to realise their full potential and reduce the immigrant-native labour market hierarchies.
Physicochemical properties and fatty acids content of selected Sudanese edible vegetable oils

This study was conducted to assess the physicochemical properties and fatty acids content of three Sudanese edible vegetable oils (sesame, sunflower and peanut). The qualitative determination of fatty acids of Sesamum Indicum L, Sunflower and peanut seed oils by GC-MS test showed that the fatty acids which revealed higher concentration were Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Palmitic acid and Stearic acid with different concentration. Many physical properties of oils were determined in this study including the density, viscosity and refractive index. The chemical analysis of the oils including acid value, peroxide value, saponification value and iodine value. In conclusion, a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids included Oleic and Linoleic acids were detected in screened edible oils. Furthermore, our findings authorize forecasting oil physicochemical properties which help in the quality assessment of Sudanese edible oils.
How National Culture Influences the Speed of COVID-19 Spread: Three Cross-Cultural Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected 222 countries and territories around the globe. Notably, the speed of COVID-19 spread varies significantly across countries. This cross-cultural research proposes and empirically examines how national culture influences the speed of COVID-19 spread in three studies. Study 1 examines the effects of Hofstede’s national cultural dimensions on the speed of COVID-19 spread in 60 countries. Drawing on the GLOBE study (House et al., 2004), Study 2 investigates how GLOBE cultural dimensions relate to the speed of the pandemic’s spread in 55 countries. Study 3 examines the effect of cultural tightness in 31 countries. We find that five national cultural dimensions – power distance, uncertainty avoidance, humane orientation, in-group collectivism, and cultural tightness – are significantly related to the speed of COVID-19 spread in the initial stages, but not in the later stages, of the pandemic. Study 1 shows that the coronavirus spreads faster in countries with small power distance and strong uncertainty avoidance. Study 2 supports these findings and further reveals that countries with low humane orientation and high in-group collectivism report a faster spread of the disease. Lastly, Study 3 shows that COVID-19 spreads slower in countries with high cultural tightness.
New insights on the propagation of pulsed atmospheric plasma streams: From single jet to multi jet arrays

Atmospheric pressure plasma propagation inside long dielectric tubes is analyzed for the first time through nonintrusive and nonperturbative time resolved bi-directional electric field (EF) measurements. This study unveils that plasma propagation occurs in a region where longitudinal EF exists ahead the ionization front position usually revealed from plasma emission with ICCD measurement. The ionization front propagation induces the sudden rise of a radial EF component. Both of these EF components have an amplitude of several kV/cm for helium or neon plasmas and are preserved almost constant along a few tens of cm inside a capillary. All these experimental measurements are in excellent agreement with previous model calculations. The key roles of the voltage pulse polarity and of the target nature on the helium flow patterns when plasma jet is emerging in ambient air are documented from Schlieren visualization. The second part of this work is then dedicated to the development of multi jet systems, using tw.
Dietary and lifestyle habits of patients with type 2 diabetes in Subotica

Introduction: The activities of the health care service in the control of diabetes and the improvement of glucoregulation of patients are primarily focused on lifestyle modification. The goal of this study was to review the recommendations in the field of adequate nutrition and lifestyle and to assess the health behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes in Subotica. Methodology: The research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study in February 2017 at the Diabetes Counseling Center of the Health Center in Subotica, Serbia. The study included 114 patients with type 2 diabetes. The research instrument consisted of a customized survey questionnaire. Results: Only a third of the patients actually consumed at least five meals a day, that was suggested as part of the treatment. Three-quarters of patients always prepared their own meals, but 41% of them never read the declarations about the ingredients of the food they consumed. Twenty percent of patients did not know how to assemble a healthy plate and what low-carbohydrate foods were. Two-thirds of patients used dietary supplements. A relatively small number, one-quarter of patients, consumed alcoholic beverages and 22 patients were active smokers. More than half of the patients exercised lightly, although 68% of them were dissatisfied with their body weight. Conclusion: We identified some deficiencies in the health behavior and lifestyle of people with diabetes. There is a recommendation to repeat the information on proper nutrition and the importance of physical activity in achieving ideal health and optimal glucoregulation during the educational work with patients.
Performance enhancement of a multiple model adaptive estimator

This paper describes various performance improvement techniques for a multiple model adaptive estimator (MMAE) used to detect and identify control surface and sensor failures on an unmanned research flight vehicle. The MMAE uses a bank of Kalman filters that predict the aircraft response to a given input, with each model based on a different failure hypothesis, and then forms the residual difference between the predicted and actual sensor measurements for each filter. The MMAE uses these residuals to determine the probabilities of the failures that are modeled by each of the Kalman filters. Initially the MMAE identified most failures within one second and all within four seconds of onset, but with various performance improvement techniques, the identification time was reduced to less than two seconds. The techniques that will be described are removal of "/spl beta/ dominance" effects, bounding the hypothesis conditional probabilities, retuning the Kalman filters, increasing the scalar penalty for measurement residuals, decreased probability smoothing, and increased residual propagation. The noted performance improvement was mostly due to removing the "/spl beta/ dominance" effects, lower bounding the hypothesis conditional probabilities, increasing the scalar penalty for measurement residuals, and retuning of the Kalman filters. <<ETX>>
Rationality : why social context matters

Rationality is commonly identified with axioms and rules, such as consistency, which are defined without reference to context, but are imposed in all contexts. In this chapter, I focus on the social context of rational behavior. My thesis is that traditional axioms and rules are incomplete as behavioral norms in the sense that their normative validity depends on the social context of the behavior, such as social objectives, values, and motivations. In the first part, I illustrate this thesis by showing that social context can determine whether an axiom or rule is satisfied or not. In the second part, I describe an alternative to context-independent rationality: a domain-specific theory of rational behavior derived from the evolutionary theory of cooperation.