Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soft‐Sphere Equation of State

The pressure and entropy for soft‐sphere particles interacting with an inverse twelfth‐power potential are determined using the Monte Carlo method. The solid‐phase entropy is calculated in two ways: by integrating the single‐occupancy equation of state from the low density limit to solid densities, and by using solid‐phase Monte Carlo pressures to evaluate the anharmonic corrections to the lattice‐dynamics high‐density limit. The two methods agree, and the entropy is used to locate the melting transition. The computed results are compared with the predictions of the virial series, lattice dynamics, perturbation theories, and cell models. For the fluid phase, perturbation theory is very accurate up to two‐thirds of the freezing density. For the solid phase, a correlated cell model predicts pressures very close to the Monte Carlo results.
Theoretical investigation on the relationship between the torque correlation and spin correlation models for the Gilbert damping constant

To gain insight into the relationship between the spin correlation (SC) and torque correlation (TC) models for the Gilbert damping constant, α, we first make a simple consideration on the physical aspect of these models and calculate α for the Fe50Co50 disordered alloy by the two models using the first principles technique. Electron scattering is introduced through the random arrangement of atoms and is treated with coherent potential approximation. The results indicate that in the TC model, vertex correction (VC) does not have significant contribution and the results are insensitive to the infinitesimal positive value, δ, which is used in Green's function. In the SC model, on the other hand, the VC is indispensable and the obtained values of α are found to be considerably sensitive to δ. We confirm that the value of α in the SC model approaches the value obtained in the TC model in the limit δ→+0.
Dynamical effects of ice sublimation in a frontal wave

The dynamical role of ice sublimation in weather systems is briefly reviewed. Observations are presented from the Fronts and Atlantic Storm‐Track Experiment (FASTEX) Intensive Observation Period 16 that show variations of static stability, humidity and mesoscale circulation corresponding to those associated theoretically with sublimation of ice precipitation. It is thus suggested that the observations display the mechanism proposed by Clough and Franks in which forward mesoscale flows are associated with moist adiabatic descent supported by the sublimation cooling. This mechanism was suggested as an important stage in the evolution of many mesoscale rain bands.
Estimating the Sensitivity of Radiative Impacts of Shallow, Broken Marine Clouds to Boundary Layer Aerosol Size Distribution Parameter Uncertainties for Evaluation of Satellite Retrieval Requirements

AbstractA proposed objective of the planned Aerosol–Cloud–Ecosystem (ACE) satellite mission is to provide constraints on climate model representation of aerosol effects on clouds by retrieving profiles of aerosol number concentration, effective variance, and effective radius over the 0.1–1-μm radius range under humidified ambient conditions with 500-m vertical resolution and uncertainties of 100%, 50%, and 10%, respectively. Shallow, broken marine clouds provide an example of conditions where boundary layer aerosol properties would be retrieved in clear-sky gaps. To quantify the degree of constraint that proposed retrievals might provide on cloud radiative forcing (CRF) simulated by climate models under such conditions, dry aerosol size distribution parameters are independently varied here in large-eddy simulations of three well-established modeling case studies. Using the rudimentary available aerosol specifications, it is found that relative changes of total dry aerosol properties in simulations can be .
Comets and the origin of the solar system - Reading the Rosetta Stone

It is argued that, from the measured volatile abundances, comets formed at temperatures near or below about 60 K and possibly as low as about 25 K. Grains in Comet Halley were found to be of two types: silicates and organics. Isotopic evidence shows that Comet Halley formed from material with the same compositional mix as the rest of the solar system, and is consistent with comets having been a major contributor to the volatile reservoirs on the terrestrial planets. A variety of processes have been shown to modify and reprocess the outer layers of comets both during their long residence time in the Oort cloud and following their entry back into the planetary system. The most likely formation site for comets is in the Uranus-Neptune zone or just beyond, with dynamical ejection by the growing protoplanets to distant orbits to form the Oort cloud. A substantial flux of interstellar comets was likely created by the same process, and may be detectable if cometary formation is common in planetary systems around other stars.
ASYMPTOTIC NORMALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF CERTAIN NONPARAMETRIC TEST STATISTICS

Theorems of Wald and Wolfowitz, Noether, Hoeffding, Lehmann, Madow, and Dwass have given sufficient conditions for the asymptotic normality of TN. In this paper we extend some of these results to cover more situations with F s G. In particular it is shown for all alternative hypotheses that the FisherYates-Terry-Hoeffding cl-statistic is asymptotically normal and the test for translation based on it is at least as efficient as the t-test. 2. Introduction. Finding the distributions of nonparametric test statistics and establishing optimum properties of these tests for small samples has progressed slower than the corresponding large sample theory. Even so, it is not possible to state that the basic framework of the large sample theory has been completed. Dwass [3] has recently presented a general theorem on the asymptotic normality of certain nonparametric test statistics under alternative hypotheses. His results, however, do not apply to such important and interesting procedures as the cl-test [11]. Many papers have appeared giving the asymptotic efficiency of particular tests. Hodges and Lehmann [7] have discussed the asymptotic efficiency of the Wilcoxon test with respect to all translation alternatives. In the same paper they have conjectured that the cl-test is as efficient as the ttest for normal alternatives and at least as efficient as the t-test for all other alternatives. The beginning of our work came from a desire to verify the Hodges and Lehmann conjecture. Related to the conjecture is the hypothesis that the cl-statistic is asymptotically normally distributed. Thus our work has two parts: developing a new theorem for asymptotic normality of nonparametric test statistics and the establishing of the variational argument required for determining the minimum efficiency of test procedures.
Total tau in cerebrospinal fluid detects treatment responders among spinal muscular atrophy types 1–3 patients treated with nusinersen

Abstract Aims Considering the substantial variability in treatment response across patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), reliable markers for monitoring response to therapy and predicting treatment responders need to be identified. The study aimed to determine if measured concentrations of disease biomarkers (total tau protein, neurofilament light chain, and S100B protein) correlate with the duration of nusinersen treatment and with scores obtained using functional scales for the assessment of motor abilities. Methods A total of 30 subjects with SMA treated with nusinersen between 2017 and 2021 at the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia, were included in this study. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected by lumbar puncture prior to intrathecal application of nusinersen. Protein concentrations in CSF samples were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 26 subjects. The motor functions were assessed using functional motor scales. Results The main finding was significantly decreased total tau correlating with the number of nusinersen doses and motor improvement in the first 18–24 months of treatment (in all SMA patients and SMA type 1 patients). Neurofilament light chain and S100B were not significantly changed after administration of nusinersen. Conclusions The measurement of total tau concentration in CSF is a reliable index for monitoring the biomarker and clinical response to nusinersen therapy in patients with SMA.
Virtual consultations for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of virtual care strategies for the management of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS). Research question What is the effectiveness of virtual consultations compared to in-person consultations for the management of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in adult patients with OSAHS? Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO; CRD42022297532) based on six electronic databases plus manually selected journals was conducted in January 2022. Two researchers independently selected, quality appraised and extracted data. The co-primary outcomes were patient-reported sleepiness, assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and reported cost-effectiveness. Results 12 studies (n=1823 adults) were included in the review. Seven studies (n=1089) were included in the meta-analysis which showed no difference in the magnitude of improvement in patient-reported sleepiness scores between virtual and in-person consultations (mean difference −0.39, 95% CI −1.38–0.60; p=0.4), although ESS scores improved in both groups. Virtual care strategies modestly increased CPAP therapy adherence and were found to be less costly than in-person care strategies in the three Spanish trials that reported cost-effectiveness. Conclusion The findings of this review suggest that virtual care delivered by telephone or video consultations is as effective as in-person consultations for improving subjective sleepiness in patients with OSAHS treated with CPAP. This clinical management strategy may also improve CPAP adherence without increasing the costs, supporting its potential as a follow-up management strategy, where patients prefer this approach. Virtual consultations are as effective as in-person consultations for follow-up management of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnoea treated with continuous positive airway pressure. Moreover, this healthcare strategy appears to be cost-effective. https://bit.ly/3UuyU3M
Herd and animal factors affect the variability of total and differential somatic cell count in bovine milk

Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify some environmental (individual herds, herd productivity, milking system, and season) and animal factors [individual animals, breed, days in milk (DIM) and parity] on the variability of the log-10 transformation of somatic cell count (LSCC) and differential somatic cell count (DSCC) on individual bovine milk. A total of 159,360 test-day records related to milk production and composition were extracted from 12,849 Holstein-Friesian and 9,275 Simmental cows distributed across 223 herds. Herds were classified into high and low productivity, defined according to the average daily milk net energy output (DMEO) yielded by the cows. Data included daily milk yield (DYM; kg/d), milk fat, protein, lactose, SCC, and DSCC, and information on herds (i.e., productivity, milking system). The daily production of total and differential somatic cells in milk was calculated and then log-10 transformed, obtaining DLSCC and DLDSCC, respectively. Data were analyzed using a mixed model including the effects of individual herd, animal, repeated measurements intra animal as random, and herd productivity, milking system, season, breed, DIM, parity, DIM × parity, breed × season, DIM × milking system and parity × milking system as fixed factors. Herds with a high DMEO were characterized by a lower content of LSCC and DSCC, and higher DLSCC and DLDSCC, compared to the low DMEO herds. The association between milking system and somatic cell traits suggested that the use of the automatic milking systems would not allow for a rapid intervention on the cow, as evidenced by the higher content of all somatic cell traits compared to the other milking systems. Season was an important source of variation, as evidenced by high LSCC and DSCC content in milk during summer. Breed of cow had a large influence, with Holstein-Friesian having greater LSCC, DSCC, DLSCC, and DLDSCC compared to Simmental. With regard to DIM, the variability of LSCC was mostly related to that of DSCC, showing an increase from calving to the end of lactation, and suggesting the higher occurrence of chronic mastitis in cows toward the end of lactation. All the somatic cell traits increased across number of parities, possibly because older cows may have increased susceptibility to intramammary infections.
Effect of Human Papillomavirus Subtype on the Rate of Positive Surgical Margin After Cervical Conization

Objective. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a risk factor for cervical carcinoma. Over 100 types of HPV have been identified. The excisional procedures are recommended for women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Surgical margin status is an important predictor of the risk of relapse. The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether HPV genotype is a predictive factor of positive surgical margin after cervical cone excision. Materials and Methods. The records of 448 HPV-infected patients who underwent loop electrosurgical excision or cold knife conization at a tertiary gynecological cancer center were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into 6 groups according to HPV positivity: HPV 16 only, HPV 18 only, HPV 16/18, other high-risk HPV (hrHPV), HPV 16/hrHPV, and HPV 18/hrHPV. Results. There was no significant difference between the HPV groups in terms of age, parity, menopausal status, endocervical canal involvement, conization method, and the rates of positive margin (P = .15, P = .49, P = .07, P = .20, P = .24, P = .39, respectively). Conclusion. The results show that HPV subtypes might not be associated with endocervical canal involvement and the rates of positive margin. In addition, margin status was not related to the conization method and the number of excised cervical tissue.
Palmitoylethanolamide Mitigates Paclitaxel Toxicity in Primary Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of several chemotherapeutic agents, such as Paclitaxel. The main symptoms of CIPN are pain and numbness in the hands and feet. Paclitaxel is believed to accumulate in the dorsal root ganglia and free nerve endings. Novel therapeutic agents might help to mitigate or prevent Paclitaxel toxicity on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Thus, we used primary DRG neurons as a model to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of the endocannabinoid-like substance, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). DRG neurons were isolated from cervical to sacral segments of spinal nerves of Wister rats (6–8 weeks old). After isolation and purification of neuronal cell populations, different concentrations of Paclitaxel (0.01–10 µM) or PEA (0.1–10 µM) or their combination were tested on cell viability by MTT assay at 24 h, 48, and 72 h post-treatment. Furthermore, morphometric analyses of neurite length and soma size for DRG neurons were performed. Adverse Paclitaxel effects on cell viability were apparent at 72 h post-treatment whereas Paclitaxel significantly reduced the neurite length in a concentration-dependent manner nearly at all investigated time points. However, Paclitaxel significantly increased the size of neuronal cell bodies at all time windows. These phenotypic effects were significantly reduced in neurons additionally treated with PEA, indicating the neuroprotective effect of PEA. PEA alone led to a significant increase in neuron viability regardless of PEA concentrations, apparent improvements in neurite outgrowth as well as a significant decrease in soma size of neurons at different investigated time points. Taken together, PEA showed promising protective effects against Paclitaxel-related toxicity on DRG neurons.
Star formation in the inner Galaxy - A far-infrared and radio study of two H II regions

Far-infrared and radio continuum maps have been made of the central 6' of the inner-galaxy H II regions G30.8-0.0 (in the W43 complex) and G25.4-02. , along with radio and molecular line measurements at selected positions. An effort is made to understand far infrared wavelingths allow the dust temperature structures and total far infrared fluxes to be determined. Comparison of the radio and infrared maps shows a close relationship between the ionized gas and the infrared-emitting material. There is evidence that parts of G30.8 are substantially affected by extinction, even at far-infrared wavelengths. For G25.4-0.2, the radio recombination line and CO line data permit resolution of the distance ambiguity for this source. The confusion in distance determination is found to result from an extraordinary near-superposition of two bright H II regions. Using revised distances of 4.3 kpc for G26.4SE and 12 kpc for G25.4NW, that the latter, which is apparently the fainter of the two sources, is actually the more luminous. Though it is not seen on the Palomar Sky Survey, G25.4SE is easily visible in the 9532A line of S III and is mapped in this line. The ratio of total luminosity to ionizing luminosity is very similar to that of H II regions in the solar circle. Assuming a coeval population of ionizing stars, a normal initial mass function is indicated.
Tri-band bandpass filter with wide stop-band using stub-loaded triple-mode resonator

A novel microstrip tri-band bandpass filter (BPF) based on stub-loaded triple-mode resonator is proposed. The open- and short-circuited stubs are asymmetrically loaded to a uniform impedance open-loop resonator, constructing a triple-mode resonator. Benefiting from the proposed asymmetrical loading scheme, the designed tri-band BPF not only possesses the controllable bandwidths of the three passbands, but also shows very wide stopband. Finally, a tri-band microstrip BPF with good performance is designed at 1.5, 2.57, and 3.83 GHz. Three transmission zeros near the passbands are obtained to improve the selectivity of the tri-band BPF. Meanwhile, the other transmission zeros produced in the stopband enhance the harmonic suppression level. The rejection level from 4.3 to 13.7 GHz is better than 20 dB. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated data.
Predicting Smoking Prevalence in Japan Using Search Volumes in an Internet Search Engine: Infodemiology Study

Background Tobacco smoking is an important public health issue and a core indicator of public health policy worldwide. However, global pandemics and natural disasters have prevented surveys from being conducted. Objective The purpose of this study was to predict smoking prevalence by prefecture and sex in Japan using Internet search trends. Methods This study used the infodemiology approach. The outcome variable was smoking prevalence by prefecture, obtained from national surveys. The predictor variables were the search volumes on Yahoo! Japan Search. We collected the search volumes for queries related to terms from the thesaurus of the Japanese medical article database Ichu-shi. Predictor variables were converted to per capita values and standardized as z scores. For smoking prevalence, the values for 2016 and 2019 were used, and for search volume, the values for the April 1 to March 31 fiscal year (FY) 1 year prior to the survey (ie, FY 2015 and FY 2018) were used. Partial correlation coefficients, adjusted for data year, were calculated between smoking prevalence and search volume, and a regression analysis using a generalized linear mixed model with random effects was conducted for each prefecture. Several models were tested, including a model that included all search queries, a variable reduction method, and one that excluded cigarette product names. The best model was selected with the Akaike information criterion corrected (AICC) for small sample size and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). We compared the predicted and actual smoking prevalence in 2016 and 2019 based on the best model and predicted the smoking prevalence in 2022. Results The partial correlation coefficients for men showed that 9 search queries had significant correlations with smoking prevalence, including cigarette (r=–0.417, P<.001), cigar in kanji (r=–0.412, P<.001), and cigar in katakana (r=-0.399, P<.001). For women, five search queries had significant correlations, including vape (r=0.335, P=.001), quitting smoking (r=0.288, P=.005), and cigar (r=0.286, P=.006). The models with all search queries were the best models for both AICC and BIC scores. Scatter plots of actual and estimated smoking prevalence in 2016 and 2019 confirmed a relatively high degree of agreement. The average estimated smoking prevalence in 2022 in the 47 prefectures for the total sample was 23.492% (95% CI 21.617%-25.367%), showing an increasing trend, with an average of 29.024% (95% CI 27.218%-30.830%) for men and 8.793% (95% CI 7.531%-10.054%) for women. Conclusions This study suggests that the search volume of tobacco-related queries in internet search engines can predict smoking prevalence by prefecture and sex in Japan. These findings will enable the development of low-cost, timely, and crisis-resistant health indicators that will enable the evaluation of health measures and contribute to improved public health.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MODERN DRESSING WITH A COMBINATION OF AFRICAN LEAF NANOPARTICLE HYDROGEL AND PAPUAN HONEY FOR GRADE II DIABETIC WOUND HEALING

The combination of African leaf nanoparticle hydrogel (Vernonia amygdalina) and Papuan honey in modern dressing to heal wound in grade II diabetic patients can reduce the care day length and amputation risk for upper or lower extremity areas that are often affected and wounded in the event of hyperglycemia. Wound care is performed every 3 days for 20 days based on the physiological process in the proliferative phase of wound healing. The diabetic wound was assessed using the Bates Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT). The research was experimental with pre- and post-test control group design. The results showed that the 20-day wound care with this combination could reduce the BWAT score by 5.2, a sign of its effectiveness as compared to the control group reduction by 4.33. Conclusively, performing a modern dressing using this combination for 30-45 minutes every 3 days for 20 days was effective in accelerating the healing process of grade II diabetic wounds.
Biexciton kinetics in GaN quantum wells:Time-resolved and time-integrated photoluminescence measurements

We report on the experimental achievement of narrow ultraviolet excitonic and biexcitonic emission from GaN/AlGaN quantum wells. The very large biexciton binding energy (up to 12 meV) inhibits thermalization between the two species allowing to study the recombination kinetics of the biexciton gas. By performing resonant and nonresonant time resolved measurements, we elucidate the interplay between biexciton formation and exciton acoustic-phonon mediated relaxation within localized states.