Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant potential of Plagiochasma appendiculatum Lehm. & Lindenb. and Sphagnum fimbriatum Wilson

In recent time bryophytes are gaining attention in terms of their unique phytochemistry. They can generate a wide range of bioactive phytochemicals. Though many of the bryophytes have been evaluated for this aspect yet majority of them are unexplored regarding their phytochemistry and bioactive potential. Hence, in present attempt 2 commonly growing species of bryophytes, viz., Plagiochasma appendiculatum (thalloid liverwort) and Sphagnum fimbriatum (moss) were evaluated for their phytochemical profiling using Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium colorimetric methods. While antioxidant activity of selected species was evaluated by DPPH and NOSA. It was found that these species have higher levels of total phenols and flavonoids and have good antioxidant potential. Further, to check their possible role as antimicrobial agents, the plant extracts were tested against selected fungal and bacterial strains. The results suggested that these 2 bryophyte species have substantial antifungal and antibacterial activities. Based on this study, these plants appear as a good contender to evaluate further for future herbal formulations.
Mindfulness for Anxiety Management and Happiness: The Role of VR, Metacognition, and Hormones

Chronic stress, even at a young age, has become a major health concern with the harmful effects on cognition, mood, and well-being largely underestimated. Mindfulness interventions are well-recognized as effective strategies in stress management. However, we know less about the impact of mindfulness on physiological indicators such as hormones/neurotransmitters. This review study aims to provide representative studies regarding the impact of mindfulness practices on hormones and neurotransmitters, which are responsible for stress regulation, positivity, and wellness. Taking into consideration the difficulties that many people have to follow a conventional mindfulness program, we also investigated the effectiveness of virtual reality as an assistive tool for mindfulness training. The results confirmed our initial hypothesis, according to which mindfulness training reduces stress hormones while increasing hormones/neurotransmitters which induce relaxation along with positivity and self-satisfaction. Virtual reality provides several advantages facilitating training conditions, optimizing the experience, and increasing the effectiveness of interventions. In addition, it strengthens self-control skills. These results indicate also that those physiological parameters, which are considered to be out of human control, can be modified with self-control practices. We conclude that mindfulness practices constitute a form of metacognitive training by which individuals can take control and balance the physiological processes that determine cognition, mood, and well-being. Virtual reality maximizes therapeutic outcomes, especially for people with disabilities or difficulties with conventional interventions.
A Survey of Electron Conics at Jupiter Utilizing the JADE‐E Data During Science Orbits 01, 03‐30

We present a survey of electron conics over Jupiter's high latitude regions utilizing 22.6 hr of data from the Jovian Auroral Distribution Experiment electron instrument aboard NASA's Juno spacecraft during science orbits 01 and 03‐30. We observed electron conics for about 2.5% of this time and characterized them into three types based on their direction of motion along Jupiter's magnetic field lines: upward, downward, and bidirectional. We observed the upward electron conics most often and at energies of 0.057–80.1 keV, while we observed the downward electron conics least often and at energies of 0.073–1.2 keV. We observed bidirectional electron conics mostly around the same times and places as the upward electron conics having energies of 0.081–49.6 keV. We observed all electron conic types to occur mostly at altitudes 0.3–0.4 RJ and local times 15–16 hr. Furthermore, we observed all electron conic types to have energies greater than 0.7 keV below an altitude of 0.5 RJ and over the main auroral region.
Modelling and visualization of "diffraction like" coupling in SAW transversely coupled resonators filters

Generally, transversely coupled SAW resonator filters use the cascade of two sections to obtain the desired number of poles. It is possible to design 3 or 4 pole filters in one section, resulting potentially in lower insertion losses, smaller chip sizes and suppressing the need for an external coupling component. Investigating such devices, we designed a 3-pole filter at 71 MHz and a 4 pole filter at 200 MHz. Unfortunately, unexpected large spurious signals in the high frequency side of the transfer function were observed. These spurious signals could not be described using only the classical waveguiding model. If discrete transverse modes are found by assuming exponential decrease of the energy outside the gratings, a continuum of solutions exists for propagating waves outside the grating (similar to the angular spectrum of waves). By considering the mode shapes, it was shown that a significant part of the source excitation was not coupled to the transverse modes. To take this remaining energy into account, decomposition on the continuum was performed. Our P-matrix based model for transversally coupled structures was improved to take the continuum into account. Comparison between the simulated and measured frequency responses will be shown for different filters exhibiting close agreement and showing the existence of “diffraction like” coupling. Furthermore, visualization of the energy in the filter, using an interferometric optical probe is given.
Peculiar compact stellar systems in the Fornax cluster

We search for hints to the origin and nature of compact stellar systems in the magnitude range of ultracompact dwarf galaxies in deep wide-field imaging data of the Fornax cluster core. We visually investigate a large sample of 355 spectroscopically confirmed cluster members with V -band equivalent magnitudes brighter than 10 mag for faint extended structures. Our data reveal peculiar compact stellar systems, which appear asymmetric or elongated from their outer light distribution. We characterize the structure of our objects by quantifying their core concentration, as well as their outer asymmetry and ellipticity. For the brighter objects of our sample we also investigate their spatial and phase-space distribution within the cluster. We argue that the distorted outer structure alone that is seen for some of our objects, is not sufficient to decide whether these systems have a star cluster or a galaxy origin. However, we find that objects with low core concentration and high asymmetry (or high ellipticity) are primarily located at larger cluster-centric distances as compared to the entire sample. This supports the hypothesis that at least some of these objects may originate from tidally stripped galaxies.
THE MAIN SEQUENCES OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES AND ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AT HIGH REDSHIFT

We provide a novel, unifying physical interpretation on the origin, average shape, scatter, and cosmic evolution for the main sequences of star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at high redshift . We achieve this goal in a model-independent way by exploiting: (i) the redshift-dependent star formation rate functions based on the latest UV/far-IR data from HST/Herschel, and related statistics of strong gravitationally lensed sources; (ii) deterministic evolutionary tracks for the history of star formation and black hole accretion, gauged on a wealth of multiwavelength observations including the observed Eddington ratio distribution. We further validate these ingredients by showing their consistency with the observed galaxy stellar mass functions and AGN bolometric luminosity functions at different redshifts via the continuity equation approach. Our analysis of the main sequence for high-redshift galaxies and AGNs highlights that the present data are consistently interpreted in terms of an in situ coevolution scenario for star formation and black hole accretion, envisaging these as local, time-coordinated processes.
Analysis of Perception Variance in Regret Choice Modeling Based on GPS Data Considering Building Environment Effects

The purpose of this paper is to deal with the perception variance problem in regret model by scaling perception variance and relaxing the distribution assumption of the random error term, which are corresponding to the attribute and alternative differences, respectively. Specifically, the power coefficient in regret function can capture individual perception variance of specific attributes and latent class structure is used to analyze individual heterogeneity of alternative differences by defining weight function. Accordingly, perceiving behaviors of individuals are analyzed in depth and generating absolute and relative behavior interpretation and asymmetric property. The proposed models are estimated and analyzed using GPS data of taxis in Guangzhou, and bicycle household surveys are collected in Tel Aviv metropolitan area. The results show both significant effects of attributes on drivers’ and cyclists’ route choice behavior and identification of different types (absolute or relative) of perceiving attribute and alternative regret differences of the two travelers by incorporating the ratio of length between chosen route and the shortest route.
THE HYDRODYNAMIC FEEDBACK OF COSMIC REIONIZATION ON SMALL-SCALE STRUCTURES AND ITS IMPACT ON PHOTON CONSUMPTION DURING THE EPOCH OF REIONIZATION

Density inhomogeneity in the intergalactic medium (IGM) can boost the recombination rate of ionized gas substantially, affecting the growth of H ii regions during reionization. Previous attempts to quantify this effect typically failed to resolve down to the Jeans scale in the preionization IGM, which is important in establishing this effect, along with the hydrodynamical back-reaction of reionization on it. Toward that end, we perform a set of fully coupled, radiation-hydrodynamics simulations from cosmological initial conditions, extending the mass resolution of previous work to the scale of minihalos. Pre-reionization structure is evolved until a redshift zi at which the ionizing radiation from external sources arrives to sweep an R-type ionization front supersonically across the volume in a few million years, until it is trapped on the surfaces of minihalos and converted to D-type, after which the minihalo gas is removed by photoevaporative winds. Small-scale density structures during this time lead to a high (>10) clumping factor for ionized gas, which hugely boosts the recombination rate until the structures are disrupted by the hydrodynamic feedback after ∼10–100 Myr. For incoming stellar radiation with intensity J21 in a 200 h−1 kpc box with the mean density contrast , the number of extra recombinations per H atom, on top of what is expected from homogeneously distributed gas, is given by . In models in which most of the volume is ionized toward the end of reionization, this can add more than one recombination per H atom to the ionizing photon budget to achieve reionization.
Experimental distinction between the quantum and classical field - theoretic predictions for the pho

{PG,1 The present invention is directed to water-in-oil type fuel oil emulsions which are particularly useful in firing boilers in ships, locomotives and industrial power plants. Furthermore, the invention is directed to aqueous particulate slurries dispersed in fuel oil. Specifically, the invention is directed to aqueous/oil slurries of combustible or non-combustible particulate having improved burning characteristics. Of specific interest are stable aqueous/oil slurries of coal dust. These emulsions and slurries are achieved through the use of a novel blend of cationic, nonionic and anionic surfactants to which the invention is also directed.
Impact of Reciprocal Teaching Strategy on Students Academic Achievement in the Subject of General Science at Elementary Level

The study aimed at examining the effect of reciprocal teaching strategy on students’ academic achievement in the subject of general science at elementary level. The objectives of the study were; (i) to investigate the effect of using reciprocal teaching strategy on academic achievement of 5th grade students, (ii) To investigate the effect of reciprocal teaching strategy on high achiever and low achiever of 5th grade, (iii) To observe the participation of the students in reciprocal teaching strategy. Sample of the study was consisting of 40 students studying general science in class 5th. A Pre-test Post- test equivalent group design was used to conduct the study. For collection of data teachers made test and observation sheets were developed. Statistical techniques such t-test, percentage, S.D and mean were used to analyze the collected data. The study is equally significant for students, teachers, curriculum developers and future researchers. It was found that the participation of students was significant in reciprocal teaching strategy during treatment. The participation of students in reciprocal teaching strategy reported an increasing trend after the first week to week 6.With the help of reciprocal teaching strategy students readiness to learn, their attention to reading and listening, their ability to generate questions from the text, their activeness during the discussion and their confidence about sharing their ideas in a group increased hundred percent. Reciprocal teaching had great effect on student’s academic achievement.
First study on virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance, and integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from cage, free-range, and organic commercial eggs in Phayao Province, Thailand

Background and Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem that affects human and animal health, and eggs can act as a vehicle for pathogenic and non-pathogenic resistant bacteria in the food chain. Escherichia coli is an indicator of food contamination with fecal materials as well as the occurrence and levels of AMR. This study aimed to investigate the presence of AMR, integrons, and virulence genes in E. coli isolated from eggshell samples of three egg production systems, from supermarkets in Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 750 hen’s egg samples were purchased from supermarkets in Phayao Province: Cage eggs (250), free-range eggs (250), and organic eggs (250). Each sample was soaked in buffered peptone water (BPW), and the BPW samples were incubated at 37°C for 18–24 h. All samples were tested for E. coli by the standard conventional culture method. Then, all identified E. coli were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents by the agar disk diffusion method. All E. coli strains were subsequently found to have virulence genes and Classes 1 and 2 integrons by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Among the eggshell samples, 91 samples were identified as having E. coli (cage eggs, 24 strains; free-range eggs, 27 strains; and organic eggs, 40 strains). Then, among the E. coli strains, 47 (51.6%) were positive for at least one virulence gene. The proportion of AMR in the eggshell samples was 91.2% (83/91), and streptomycin (STR), ampicillin (AMP), and tetracycline (TET) had a high degree of resistance. Among the E. coli strains, 27 (29.7%) strains were positive for class 1 or 2 integrons, and integron-positive strains were commonly found in STR-, AMP-, and TET-resistant strains. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 57.1% (52/91) of the E. coli strains, with STR-AMP-TET (5.5%) as the most frequent pattern. The proportion of MDR in cage eggs was 75.0% (18/24), which was higher than in both free-range and organic eggs. On the other hand, 53.2% (25/47) of E. coli carrying virulence genes had MDR, distributed across the production systems as follows: Cage eggs, 76.9% (10/13); free-range eggs, 63.6% (7/11); and organic eggs, 34.8% (8/23). Conclusion: Escherichia coli was detected in eggshell samples from all three egg production systems. The high level of virulence genes, AMR, and integrons indicated the possibility of dissemination of AMR among pathogenic and commensal E. coli through eggshells. These findings could be a major concern to farmers, food handlers, and consumers, especially regarding raw egg consumption.
STUDIES ON BIO AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION ON SWEET POTATO ( 2-EFFECT OF SOME NITROGEN FERTILIZER SOURCES, RATES AND BIOFERTILIZER (NITROBIEN) ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TUBER ROOTS

Two field experiments were performed at the Horticultural Research Farm of El-Bramoon (Dakahliya Governorate) during 1998 and 1999 seasons. This study aimed to study the effect of mineral nitrogen fertilizer levels, sources , biological fertilization and their interaction on chemical composition of sweet potato tuber roots. The main results could be summarized as follows: the highest values of total soluble sugars NO 3 - and NO 2 - concentrations in tuber roots comparing with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 with biofertilizer. Application of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 fertilizer with biofertilizer significantly increased total carotene content. 5. The interaction between nitrogen fertilizer rates and biofertilizer had significant effect on reducing sugars, K, NO 3 - and NO 2 - concentration. Thus, it can be recommended that adding (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at 60 kg N/fed with biofertilizer (nitrobien) was the best treatment under the condition of this study for reducing mineral nitrogen fertilization, soil pollution and improving quality of tuber roots.
Demonstration of measurement-only blind quantum computing

Blind quantum computing allows for secure cloud networks of quasi-classical clients and a fully fledged quantum server. Recently, a new protocol has been proposed, which requires a client to perform only measurements. We demonstrate a proof-of-principle implementation of this measurement-only blind quantum computing, exploiting a photonic setup to generate four-qubit cluster states for computation and verification. Feasible technological requirements for the client and the device-independent blindness make this scheme very applicable for future secure quantum networks.
The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Incidence of Type 1 DM and the Glycemic Control of Diabetic Children: Findings from a Teaching Hospital, Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVE We evaluated glycemic control among T1DM pediatric patients attending the endocrinology pediatrics clinics at King Fahd Hospital of the University (KFHU) prior to and during COVID-19 restraining regulations. In addition, we assessed the trends and variations in the incidence of T1DM during 2017-2021, including the COVID-19 years by identifying newly diagnosed patients presenting to pediatrics emergency department (ED) in KFHU. METHODS To estimate the effect of COVID-19 on the incidence of T1DM, we identified newly diagnosed cases of T1DM among pediatric patients attending the ED during the years 20172021. The participants’ data were collected through electronic medical records. Information collected included patient age, sex, and HbA1c readings. Three HbA1c readings of interest that were defined and collected are pre-COVID reading, in-COVID reading, and post-COVID reading. RESULTS The difference of female participants’ readings was statistically non-significant (Z= -0.416, p = 0.678), with a pre- and post-COVID median of 10.70 (Q1= 9.00, Q3= 12.15), and 10.50 (Q1= 8.80, Q3= 12.35), respectively. In contrast, the difference was statistically significant among male participants (Z= -2.334, p = 0.02), with a pre- and post-COVID median of 10.20 (Q1= 8.70, Q3= 11.80), and 10.65 (Q1= 9.00, Q3= 12.70), respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in HbA1c of persons > 11 years old (Z= -2.471, p= 0.013), with a pre- and post-COVID median of 10.40 (Q1= 9.00, Q3= 12.10), and 10.90 (Q1= 9.00, Q3= 12.60), respectively. Conversely, persons ≤ 11 years old showed no statistically significant change in HbA1c (Z= -.457, p= 0.648), with a pre- and post-COVID median of 10.45 (Q1= 8.70, Q3= 11.85), and 10.20 (Q1= 8.40, Q3= 12.075), respectively. Disregarding any influence of time, the effect of sex showed no statistically significant difference in HbA1c between males and females [F (1,125) = 0.008, p = 0.930]. Meanwhile, the age effect on HbA1c, regardless of time influence, was statistically significant [F (1,125) = 4.993, p = 0.027]. There was no statistically significant interaction between time and sex on HbA1c levels [F (1.74, 217) = 0.096, p = 0.883] and between age and time [F (3.92,289.57) = 1.693, p = 0.190]. CONCLUSIONS The number of visits to healthcare facilities dropped significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the rate of newly diagnosed T1DM increased. There was a variable effect on HbA1c levels of those patients, which suggests that each demographic group in the population might have been affected differently by the pandemic. Future research should determine factors associated with better glycemic control and measures to sustain these changes the pandemic might have created.
Geotail observations of energetic ion species and magnetic field in plasmoid-like structures in the course

On January 15, 1994, the ion spectrometer high energy particle - low energy particle detector (HEP-LD) on the Japanese spacecraft Geotail observed five quasi-periodic energetic ion bursts in the deep tail (X=−96 RE). These bursts were associated with plasmoid-like structures in the magnetic field components. In. addition, three multiple TCR groups were identified in the interval. The observations in the distant tail occurred during a time interval of substorm activity which also produced multiple injections in the geosynchronous orbit region. The HEP-LD observations show that Bz bipolar plasmoid-like structures are associated with tailward flowing particle bursts. However, earthward flowing particle bursts are predominantly associated with bipolar signatures in By. In addition, an oxygen burst was seen in the back of a plasmoid (postplasmoid) which showed both By and Bz bipolar magnetic field signatures. The oxygen burst lasted for 23 min, and the density ratio (O/H) reached 15% for the HEP-LD energy range (in the same plasmoid, this ratio was approximately 1% before the oxygen burst). The oxygen burst exhibited a strong beam-like structure which occupied only 6 ∼ 7% of the full solid angle (4π). We suggest that energized oxygen ions of ionospheric origin travel downtail in the narrow postplasmoid-plasma sheet which trails the plasmoid. Furthermore, we suggest that the magnetosphere dissipated larger quantities of energy during this very intense substorm event by ejecting multiple relatively small plasmoids rather than through the formation and ejection of a single large plasmoid.
Stabilization of state‐constrained switched nonlinear systems in p‐normal form

This paper is concerned with the stabilization problem for a class of state‐constrained switched nonlinear system in p‐normal form in a domain. A key point in the backstepping design procedure is to find a common stabilizing function at each step. A barrier Lyapunov function, which grows to infinity when its arguments approach some limits, is introduced to ensure that the state constraint is not violated at any time. Bounded state feedback controllers of individual subsystems and a common Lyapunov function are explicitly constructed to asymptotically stabilize the closed‐loop system under arbitrary switchings. An example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.