Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development And Validation of An In-House Brucella Smooth Lipopolysaccharide as A Coating Antigen in ELISA For Serodiagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis

of Smooth Lipopolysaccharide as A Coating Antigen in ELISA For Serodiagnosis Abstract Background: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic bacterial disease of global health importance affecting different animals and man. Brucellosis control and eradication procedures are highly depending on accurate diagnostic tools and effective and safe vaccination programs. Indirect ELISA, complement fixation tests, Buffered Acidified Plate Agglutination and the Rose Bengal plate agglutination are usually used for testing animals against bovine brucellosis. The aim of the work is to evaluate and validate the diagnostic efficacy of in-house prepared S-LPS as an IELISA coating antigen in comparison to commercial ELISA kit used for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. Materials and methods: an Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (I-ELISA) was developed using in house produced and titrated Smooth Lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) as coating antigen and compared with the commercial kit using 115 negative and positive bovine sera. The performance parameters for each test were estimated using Complement Fixation Test (CFT) as a gold standard test. Results: the diagnostic performance characteristics for both ELISA tests were estimated to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of in-house S-LPS. Brucella antibodies were detected in 88 (76.52%), 90 (78.26%) and 76 (66.09%), by in house i-ELISA, commercial i-ELISA and CFT, respectively. agreement for the positive result between the developed and commercial I-ELISA was in 14 positive sample and in 23 negative samples. Relative sensitivity was (97.37%) for both ELISA assay, while the specificity was 64.1% and 58.97% for developed I-ELISA and commercial ELISA kit respectively. Conclusion: Results revealed that in house prepared, titrated, and validated S-LPS can be used as a coating antigen for IELISA test for bovine brucellosis diagnosis as a sensitive test. On other hand- in house test is cheaper than commercially available kits and so, it could be used for wide surveillance program
Transcription in Escherichiacoli PHL628 bio¢lms

The bioﬁlm-speciﬁc gene expression of Escherichia coli PHL628 was compared with that from exponentially growing planktonic cells using macroarray technol-ogy. In duplicate experiments, both bioﬁlm and planktonic cells were grown in separate continually stirred tank reactors at 57% of the maximal planktonic growth rate. When transcriptional results from planktonic cultures were compared with that of bioﬁlm grown cells, c . 4.5% of the genome showed a signiﬁcant change in expression. The results presented here point to an extremely heterogeneous bioﬁlm wherein speciﬁc gene induction was consistent with the response of bioﬁlm cells to gradients in electron acceptors, nutrients, carbon source and a variety of stresses. A mutant in one of the genes, gspM ( pshM ), that was induced in bioﬁlms was constructed and was shown to be compromised for its ability to form mature bioﬁlms. This analysis provides additional insight into the genes induced during bioﬁlm development, the gradients they respond to, the contribution of one gene to bioﬁlm development, and a comparison of this with other transcriptional proﬁles from E. coli bioﬁlms.
Decreased Satellite Cell Number and Function in Humans and Mice With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is the Result of Altered Notch Signaling

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) negatively influences skeletal muscle health, however, its impact on muscle satellite cells (SCs) remains largely unknown. SCs from T1D rodent (Akita) and human samples were examined to discern differences in SC density and functionality compared to their respective controls. Examination of the Notch pathway was undertaken to investigate its role in changes to SC functionality. Compared to controls, Akita mice demonstrated increased muscle damage following eccentric exercise, along with a decline in SC density and myogenic capacity. Quantification of components of the Notch signalling pathway revealed a persistent activation of Notch signalling in Akita SCs, which could be reversed with the Notch inhibitor DAPT. Similar to Akita samples, T1D human skeletal muscle displayed a significant reduction in SC content and the Notch ligand, DLL1, was significantly increased compared to controls-supporting the dysregulated Notch pathway observed in Akita muscles. These data indicate that persistent activation in Notch signalling impairs SC functionality in the T1D muscle, resulting in a decline in SC content. Given the vital role played by the SC in muscle growth and maintenance, these findings suggest that impairments in SC capacities play a primary role in the skeletal muscle myopathy that characterizes T1D.
CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE ÍNDICES ANTROPOMÉTRICOS E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE GORDURA CORPORAL EM MULHERES IDOSAS CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES AND BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION IN ELDERLY WOMAN

This correlational descriptive study had the purpose of analyzing the relationship among anthropometric indexes (AIs) and body fat (total- %BF total and in the trunk- %BF trunk ) in elderly women, and also identifying the prevalence of health risk associated with %BF total when using different AIs. Sixty apparently healthy women, aged 60 to 80 years, participated in the study. Measurements of body mass, stature and circumferences at waist (WC), abdomen and hip sites were performed and allowed the computation of the following AIs: body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (CI). Dual-energy x-ray absortiometry (DEXA) was used to estimate %BF total and %BF trunk . Pearson’s linear correlation and linear regression analysis were applied to determine the relationship between AIs and %BF total and %BF trunk , with the level of significance at 0.05. The results showed that BMI had a significant correlation with %BF total (r=0.73; p<0.05) and with % BF trunk (r=0.71; p<0.05). WC presented correlation coefficients with %BF total of 0.61 (p<0.01), and of 0.64 with %BF trunk (p<0.01). In health risk analyses, the criterion by DEXA of %BF total greater than 30% was adopted. Hence, 83.3% of women were at risk. Using BMI, CI, WC and WHR, the health risk prevalence was 78.8%, 90%, 88% and 38%, respectively. The combination of BMI and WC showed that 90% of the elderly were classified at risk. Therefore, it was concluded that BMI and WC can be used to estimate excess of body fat in older women as they correlated with %BF total and %BF trunk . For health risk characterized as %BF total above the cutoff point of 30%, BMI and WC combined and CI were the best AIs for identifying those women at risk.
Allergic Sensitization to Inhaled Allergen TLR3 but Not TLR7/8 Ligand Induces

Epidemiological studies suggest that viral infections during childhood are a risk factor for the development of asthma. However, the role of virus-speciﬁc pattern recognition receptors in this process is not well deﬁned. In the current study, we compare the effects of the inhaled viral TLR ligands polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (TLR3) and resiquimod (TLR7/8) on sensitization to a model allergen (OVA) in a murine model. Both compounds enhance the migration, activation, and Ag-processing of myeloid dendritic cells from the lung to the draining lymph nodes comparable to the effects of LPS. Application of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] or LPS induces production of allergen-speciﬁc IgE and IgG1, whereas resiquimod (R848) had no effect. In addition, rechallenge of mice with OVA resulted in airway inﬂammation and mucus production in animals that received either poly(I:C) or LPS but not after application of R848. In summary, these results show that activation of TLR3 in combination with inhaled allergen results in induction of dendritic cell activation and migration similar to the effects of LPS. This leads to the development of allergic airway disease after allergen rechallenge, whereas mice treated with R848 did not develop allergic airway disease. These ﬁndings give further insight into the effects of stimulation of different TLRs on the development of asthma. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 188: 000–000.
Antimicrobial Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Room Sprayer from Arachis hypogaea Root Nodules

Our research provides an update vision about the recent development in nanodrug by using eco-friendly and cost-effective silver nanoparticles from A. hypogaea root nodules for the first time. We also characterized these silver nanoparticles from various spectroscopic and microscopic methods. Their stability makes the present method a viable alternative to chemical and physical methods. Because of the least specificity of the reaction parameters, this process can be explored for large-scale synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles room sprayer showed promising antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E.coli and A. niger in the 100 ppm concentration and in future this kind of eco-friendly and cost effective silver nanoparticles room sprayer is needed to control many dread full diseases in the present scenario instead of using commercially available room sprayers. The investigation features a productive method to acquire bionanoaerosol that can be used against pathogenic microorganisms, thus contributing to solve this globally serious concern, especially given their being a limited choice of nanoantibiotic
Regulation of the expression of the apolipoprotein(a) gene : evidence for a regulatory role of the 5' distal ACR enhancer in YAC transgenic mice

Objective - The apolipoprotein(a) gene locus is the major determinant of the circulating concentration of the atherothrombogenic lipoprotein, Lp(a). In vitro analysis of the intergenic region between the apo(a) and plasminogen genes revealed the presence of a putative apo(a) transcription control region (ACR) ~ 20-kb upstream of the apo(a) gene, that significantly increases the minimal promoter activity of the human apo(a) gene. Methods and Results - To examine the function of the ACR in its natural genomic context, we used the Cre- lox P recombination system to generate two nearly identical apo(a)-YAC transgenic mouse lines that possess a single integration site for the human apo(a) transgene in the mouse genome, but differ by the presence or absence of the ACR enhancer. Analysis of the two groups of animals revealed that the deletion of the ACR was associated with 30% reduction in plasma and mRNA apo(a) levels. Apo(a)-YAC transgenic mice with and without the ACR sequence were similar in all other aspects of apo(a) regulation, including liver specific apo(a) expression and alteration in expression levels in response to sexual maturation and a high-fat diet. Conclusion - This study provides the first experimental in vivo evidence for a functional role of the ACR enhancer in determining levels of apo(a) expression.
Wreath product of Lie algebras and Lie algebras associated with Sylow p-subgroups of ﬁnite symmetric groups

We deﬁne a wreath product of a Lie algebra L with the one-dimensional Lie algebra L 1 over F p and determine some properties of this wreath product. We prove that the Lie algebra associated with the Sylow p-subgroup of ﬁnite symmetric group S p m is isomorphic to the wreath product of m copies of L 1 . As a corollary we describe the Lie algebra associated with Sylow p-subgroup of any symmetric group in terms of wreath product of one-dimensional Lie algebras.
PHYSIOLOGY Soluble Proteins in Alfalfa Roots as Related to Cold Hardiness' 2

Soluble proteins extracted from alfalfa roots of hardy and nonhardy varieties were studied in relation to cold hardiness with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis anld quantitative enzyme analysis. Soluble protein content of alfalfa roots incretased during hardening in iall varieties. Two new isoenzymes with peroxidase activitieis were found in the fully hardened samples but no large shifts in the electrophoretic pattern were detected with polyacrylamide gel ele,ctrophoresis. Peroxidase and catalase activities increasel during hardening in all varieties, but only small differences among hardy and nonhardy varieties were detectable. The studies indicated that protein metabolism was altered during the hardening process. been and appear hardening plants
Incidental Vocabulary Learning by Assessing Frequency of Word Occurrence in a Graded Reader: Love or Money

Twenty tertiary level EFL learners participated in a reading program exploring incidental vocabulary learning measured by 30 substituted nonwords within five groups of frequency level in a graded reader, Love or Money . Two nouns, verbs, and adjectives were included in each group of frequency level. A three-aspect measurement and a semi-structured face-to-face interview were used in this study. The findings showed that, overall, the acquisition order of the three aspects was first word form, then word meaning, finally word usage. Incidental vocabulary learning was affected by the frequency of word occurrence, and the learners showed a better proficiency in the words with a higher frequency level. It appeared that, to have a 50% chance of recognizing the word form, exposure to target words more than eight times was necessary. However, exposure to the word more than 14 times was needed for a 50% chance of recalling the word meaning and usage. For the new words that occurred only 1 time or up to 4-6 times, it would be very difficult for the learners to master the word knowledge. In addition, based on the learning outcome of word meaning and usage, the learning difficulties of nouns, verbs, and adjectives were found to vary. It appeared that learning the meaning and usage of verbs were easier than nouns, and nouns were easier to be learned than adjectives.
LineagePrevents Age-Related Alterations in the B Chronic B Cell Deficiency from Birth

Aging is accompanied by a decline in B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and accumulation of long-lived B cells in the periphery. The mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear. To explore whether aging in the B lineage is subjected to homeostatic regulation, we used mutant mice bearing chronic B cell deﬁciency from birth. We show that chronic B cell deﬁciency from birth, resulting from impaired maturation ( CD19 2 / 2 and CD74 2 / 2 ) or reduced survival ( baff-r 2 / 2 ), prevents age-related changes in the B lineage. Thus, frequencies of early and late hematopoietic stem cells, B lymphopoiesis, and the rate of B cell production do not substantially change with age in these mice, as opposed to wild-type mice where kinetic experiments indicate that the output from the bone marrow is impaired. Further, we found that long-lived B cells did not accumulate and peripheral repertoire was not altered with age in these mice. Collectively, our results suggest that aging in the B lineage is not autonomously progressing but subjected to homeostatic regulation. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 2140–2147.
Is echocardiography mandatory for all Steptococcus gallolyticus bacteremia?

Background: Streptococcus gallolyticus, formerly known as one of the Streptococcus bovis complex, is frequently associated with endocarditis. Current guidelines recommended diagnostic work-up for endocarditis among patients with S. gallolyticus bacteremia. However, S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus, was found to be associated with neonatal sepsis and liver diseases and is less commonly associated with endocarditis compared with S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus. Our study aimed to identify the risk factors for S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus endocarditis to help select the patients for echocardiography . Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, medical records from all adult patients with S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus isolated from blood cultures at Phramongkutklao Hospital from 2009 to 2015 were reviewed. Patients who had mixed bacteremia or missing records were excluded from the study. Result: During the study period, S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus were isolated among 106 individuals. Mean age was 66.9±15.6 years. Most patients (61.3%) were male, with cirrhosis as the most common underlying diseases (46.2%), followed by malignancy and chronic kidney disease. Most common manifestations included primary bacteremia (44.3%), followed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (23.6%). Infective endocarditis was found among p patients. No patients with cirrhosis or single blood specimen of bacteremia had endocarditis (RR 0; p-value 0.003, and RR 1.35; p-value 0.079). The common complications associated with endocarditis were acute respiratory failure (RR 4.32; p-value 0.05), whereas acute kidney injury was a protective factor (RR 0; p-value 0.01). Among 76 patients who had records of 2-year follow-up, no new diagnosis of endocarditis or malignancy was observed. Conclusion: Among patients with S. gallolyticus
Phytoremediation of iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) by water hyacinth (Eichhomia crassipes)

This study was carried out to investigate the ability of WaterHyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) to absorb and translocate iron (Fe) and copper (Cu). The study was conducted with three concentration gradients 0/ Fe and Cu at 10mg/l, 15mg/l, 20mg/1and control (no metal); the whole set-up was done in triplicates and the experiment lastedlor 12 weeks. The results showed that iron (Fe) had the highest accumulation value in the root (1.12±0.42), while copper (Cu) had the highest value in the leave (0.38±0.06); bothat 20mg/l. Statistical analysis showed there was significant difference among treatment (p<O.05). Translocation/actor (TF) is the ratio between metal concentrations in aerialpart to metal concentration in the root.Metals that are accumulated byplants and largelystored in the roots are indicated by TF values less than 1, when greater than 1, its indicate good translocation capabilities. The TF values lor Fe ranged/rom 0.49±0.57 - 0.68±O.27in leaf, and 0.64±0.17 - O.77±O.18in the stem. While the Translocation/actor values/or Gil ranged/rom O.78±0.08 -1.12±O.12 in lea/ and O.72±O.32-1.09±0.19 in thestem. This reveals that Cu had better translocation capabil ity than Fe. Highest values of bioconcentrationfactor (BCF)lor Fe and Cu were 2.32±0. 65 at 20mg/1and O.72±0.Olat 15mg/1obtained in the root and lea/ respectively, indicating that the accumulation potential 0/ Fe by water hyacinth is higher than Cu. In conclusion, according to the accumulation capabilities 0/ the investigated plant (Eichhornia crassipes), this study showed that theplant wasfound to be a promising candidate/or phytoremediation and adequate/or bio-monitoring programslor contaminated water.
REPRODUCTIVE AND FERTILITY PARAMETERS OF PIGS REARED IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA

Pigs are highly prolific but mismanagement practices can hamper their reproducibility. Consequently, reproductive and fertility parameters of pigs reared in 86 randomly selected piggeries in Enugu State, Nigeria were studied using structured questionnaire. Farmers’ responses were validated from their farm records, where available. Majority of the farms stocked < 100 pigs (59.3 %). Intensive husbandry system (91.9 %) predominated in the piggeries. Open mating, hand breeding and artificial insemination were the breeding methods practiced in 52, 40.4 and 7.7 % of the farms respectively. Inter-farrowing intervals were five months and ≥ seven months in 11.6 and 18.6 % of the piggeries. The numbers of piglets born alive per sow per year were: < 5 piglets (14 %), 5 – 10 piglets (36 %), 11 – 15 piglets (24 %) and ≥ 15 piglets (26 %). Correspondingly, the numbers of piglets weaned per sow per year were: < 5 piglets (26 %), 5 – 10 piglets (40 %), 11 – 15 piglets (24 %) and ≥ 15 piglets (10 %). Only 2 % of the piggeries attained production target of weaning ≥ 20 piglets per sow per year. Major causes of pre-weaning piglet mortalities were scouring (52.3 %) and maternal overlay (16.3 %). The findings suggest that prolificacy and productivity of pigs farmed in Enugu State is suboptimum. This warrants provision of veterinary extension services, training on modern pig production methods and genetic improvement of breeding stocks to boost the reproductive and fertility parameters and hence productivity in pig farming enterprises in the State.
Representation Learning for Dental Image Identification

 ABSTRACT Forensic identification to victims of criminal acts or mass deaths due to disasters to determine the identity of victims using fingerprints, DNA, and teeth is very important for various reasons. In some cases, such as a fire disaster, DNA and fingerprints cannot be used. Identification using teeth is one of the alternatives that can be used because it is the most preserved part and the position, structure and shape of teeth are unique. Basic principle of dental identification is comparison of antemortem (AM) and postmortem (PM) dental images. For the current work only AM data is available, so it is necessary to manipulate dental x-ray images on AM data to produce PM image data using three methods, those are gamma correction, image rotation and image distortion using integral projection. From both datasets (AM and PM), important image features are extracted through representation learning by PCA, transfer learning using ResNet50’s architecture methods. The results of representation learning namely the AM and PM datasets are compared using cosine similarity, which will give output the values of similarity each images. The best results of dental image identification have the best accuracy value using the transfer learning - ResNet50 method on all types of PM datasets.
Muscle size, not quality, explains low passive skeletal muscle 1 force in heart failure patients 2

Background. Impaired skeletal muscle has been linked to the compromised exercise capacity 27 characterizing chronic heart failure (CHF). However, how passive skeletal muscle force is affected 28 in CHF is not clear. Understanding passive force characteristics in CHF can help further elucidate the 29 extent to which altered contractile properties and architecture affect muscle and locomotor function. 30 Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate passive force in a single muscle for which non- 31 invasive measures of muscle size are possible, the soleus (SOL), both in CHF patients and age- and 32 physical activity-matched control participants. 33 Methods. Soleus muscle force and size were obtained by means of a novel approach combining 34 experimental data (dynamometry, electromyography, ultrasound imaging) with a musculoskeletal 35 model. 36 Results. We found reduced passive SOL forces (~30%) (at equivalent levels of muscle stretch) in 37 CHF vs. healthy individuals. This difference was eliminated when force was normalized by 38 physiological cross sectional area, indicating that reduced force output may be most strongly 39 associated with muscle size. Nevertheless, passive force was significantly higher in CHF at a given 40 absolute muscle length and likely explained by the shorter optimal muscle lengths measured in CHF 41 compared to the control participants. This later factor may lead to altered performance of the SOL in 42 functional tasks such gait. 43 Discussion. These findings suggest exercise rehabilitation targeting muscle hypertrophy, and for the 44 calf muscles, exercise that promotes muscle lengthening. 45