Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bio-management of rice root-knot nematode, M. graminicola by using various organic amendments and bio-control agents on rice nursery

A screen house experiment was conducted during kharif season, 2020-21 to know the effect of organic amendments and bio-agents (alone and in combination) in comparison with chemical on the population of rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) in rice. Nursery was grown in 5 kg soil capacity earthen pan filled with infested soil having initial nematode population 285 J2/200 cc soil. Seeds of the rice (Variety- Pusa 1121) were soaked in tap water for 24 h and the sprouted seeds were sown in pots. Hundred seeds of rice were sown in each pot and each treatment was replicated four times. Organic amendments (neem cake and FYM) and bio-agents (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Purpureocillium lilacinum and Trichoderma viride) were added 10 days before sowing. Weighted amount of bio-agents was mixed in neem cake and FYM for enrichment with 7-10 days waiting period. Carbofuran (Furadan 3G) was added at time of sowing. The earthen pots without organic amendments, bio-agents and chemical were treated as control. Observations on plant growth parameters (seedling length in cm fresh and dry seedling weight in g) and nematode multiplication (number of galls/20 seedling, number of eggs/20 seedling and final nematode population in the soil/200 cc soil) were made at transplanting time. The plant parameters were maximum and significantly highest in treated nursery (neem cake @ 50 g/pot + Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 50 g/pot) under screen house conditions. Nematode reproduction and multiplication parameters such as number of galls/seedling, number of eggs/seedling and final nematode population were significantly reduced in neem cake @ 50 g/pot + Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 50 g/pot.
Cross-National Comparisons of Internalizing Problems in a Cohort of 8952 Adolescents from Five European Countries: The EU NET ADB Survey

Various factors such as family relationships, socioeconomic indicators, socio-cultural aspects, mental health problems and demographic variables, have been associated with internalizing problems in adolescence. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of internalizing problems in adolescents from five European countries in comparison with risk factors. Using data from the European Network for Adolescent Behavior (EU NET ADB) survey, a cross-sectional school-based study of adolescents (from 14 to 17.9 years) was conducted. Data were retrieved from self-report questionnaires derived from Greece, Spain, the Netherlands, Iceland and Romania. Multiple logistic regression analysis overall and by country was held through estimation of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A total of 8952 adolescents participated in the study. According to the results, Greece (7.6%) and Romania (2.4%) presented with the lowest rates of internalizing problems, while Iceland presented the highest (11.1%). Internalizing problems were associated with lower school grades (adjusted OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08–1.36), while the higher education level of parents was associated with lower odds of internalizing problems (adjusted OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92). In country-specific analyses, factors that affected the likelihood of internalizing problems were gender, age, maternal and paternal unemployment. Variations detected in adolescents’ internalizing problems were determined by the socio-cultural context of each country. Cultural differences should be addressed thoroughly in further research, in order to better understand and intervene in aspects of internalizing problems in adolescence.
AN IMPROVED PROTOCOL FOR THE MICROPROPAGATION OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill)

: The present work aimed at improving pineapple ( Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill) cv. Smooth Cayenne production throughout the tissue culture technique. Some factors affect this process were studied. The method of surface sterilization, the adventitious and axillary bud formation versus N 6 - Benzyladenine (BA) concentration, type of medium (liquid or solidified), rooting and acclimatization were evaluated. Explants have been surface sterilized with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 0.5 %, then with mercuric chloride (Hg Cl 2 ) at 0.1 % both for 5 minutes, with survival percentage of 95%. All explants were cultured onto MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of BA and 1.0 mg l -1 Kinetin (Kin). All cultures were maintained in a growth room at a 16 h photoperiod (40 mmol.m -2 s -1 ), 27 ± 2°C. After eight weeks, number of initiated shoots was counted and the cultures were transferred for multiplication on the best treatment, 2.0 mg l -1 BA and 1.0 mg l -1 Kin. Therefore, using the liquid medium during multiplication stage speed up the growth of proliferated shoots compared to solidified medium. Utilizing 1.0 – 3.0 mg l -1 α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) enhanced the root formation of individual shoots. Finally, the well rooted plantlets, around 12 cm in length, were transplanted onto the Peat moss as a soil bed under the greenhouse. After 4 weeks, the survival percentage was 100 %. By this improved protocol, more than 10000 pineapple plants were produced from one initial plant in less than 9 months.
An Examination of Conditional Violations of Axioms for Additive Conjoint Measurement

Axiomatic conjoint measurement methodology of fers a useful approach for evaluating different compo sition rules as potential models for fitting the compo nents of multidimensional stimuli. The usefulness of this methodology has been somewhat hindered in ap plied settings because of a lack of an adequate error theory for testing the fit of data to the axioms. This paper presents the results of an attempt to provide a basis for an examination of errors of the conjoint mea surement axioms. Specifically, this paper describes a means of evaluating the fit of an additive conjoint measurement model to a three-factor design. For each of the critical axioms of axiomatic conjoint measure ment, the proportions of errors that would be expected by chance for different levels of satisfaction of the simple independence property are examined. The re sults indicate that violations of these axioms occur much less often than intuitively might be expected. Error proportion tables based on monte carlo analyses are presented to aid in comparisons with empirically obtained results. It is shown that two types of viola tions of the axioms can be defined and used to differ entiate between systematic and unsystematic errors in fallible data.
Sex Differences in Response to Marek’s Disease: Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Regions (QTLRs) to the Z Chromosome

Marek’s Disease (MD) has a significant impact on both the global poultry economy and animal welfare. The disease pathology can include neurological damage and tumour formation. Sexual dimorphism in immunity and known higher susceptibility of females to MD makes the chicken Z chromosome (GGZ) a particularly attractive target to study the chicken MD response. Previously, we used a Hy-Line F6 population from a full-sib advanced intercross line to map MD QTL regions (QTLRs) on all chicken autosomes. Here, we mapped MD QTLRs on GGZ in the previously utilized F6 population with individual genotypes and phenotypes, and in eight elite commercial egg production lines with daughter-tested sires and selective DNA pooling (SDP). Four MD QTLRs were found from each analysis. Some of these QTLRs overlap regions from previous reports. All QTLRs were tested by individuals from the same eight lines used in the SDP and genotyped with markers located within and around the QTLRs. All QTLRs were confirmed. The results exemplify the complexity of MD resistance in chickens and the complex distribution of p-values and Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) pattern and their effect on localization of the causative elements. Considering the fragments and interdigitated LD blocks while using LD to aid localization of causative elements, one must look beyond the non-significant markers, for possible distant markers and blocks in high LD with the significant block. The QTLRs found here may explain at least part of the gender differences in MD tolerance, and provide targets for mitigating the effects of MD.
Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors among HIV-Infected Adult Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital, Rwanda: A cross-sectional study

Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is among the highest health crises that humanity ever confronted and it causes progressive weakening of the immune system leading to opportunistic infections (OIs) or malignancies during the natural course of the disease. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of OIs among adult PLWHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Ruhengeri referral hospital. Methodology A cross-sectional study was performed by reviewing records of HIV-positive adult (≥ 15 years) on ART enrolled at Ruhengeri referral hospital from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2017. Opportunistic infections were reported based on clinical diagnosis and the prevalence of OIs was determined. Results The study reviewed records from 423 PLWHIV. Thirty-nine (9.2%) PLWHIV had been diagnosed with OIs; and frequent OIs were tuberculosis (20%), oral candidiasis, pneumonia and STI (15.6% each). The independent risk factors for developing OIs were being jobless (AOR = 5.03, 95% CI = 2.13, 32.99), spending more than five years on ART (AOR = 4.34, 95% CI = 1.12-16.78) and starting ART at WHO clinical stage III (AOR = 4.88, 95% CI = 1.65-16.78). Conclusion There is a need to strengthen the management of opportunistic infections despite the use of ART at Ruhengeri referral hospital. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(3):323-331
COVID-19 exposure during pregnancy and low birth weight in community development blocks, Purba Bardhaman: A retrospective cohort study

ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 exposure during pregnancy is hypothesized to affect the birth weight of the children. Community based findings on such hypothesis are scarce in West Bengal. This study was conducted with the objective to determine the relationship between low birth weight (LBW) and maternal exposure to COVID-19. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, mothers of children, who were born between February 2020 and October 2021 and who were registered in the subcenters of Purba Barddhaman district, West Bengal, were selected as study population. Mothers who were diagnosed as COVID-19 positive during the antenatal period were considered as ‘Pregnancy with COVID’ and others were considered as ‘Pregnancy without COVID’. The minimum required sample size using Fleiss formula were 119 and 476, respectively, whose were selected through multi-stage random sampling. A schedule was used to collect data through review of relevant records of antenatal registers of sub-centers of selected individuals. The association was checked through multivariate logistic regression model where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Incidence of LBW in COVID pregnancy, Non-COVID Pregnancy group were 30.3% and 18.7%, respectively. COVID positivity during pregnancy shows relative risk of 1.62 and attributable risk of 38.28% for LBW baby as pregnancy outcome. Multivariate analysis reveals that LBW babies are significantly associated with COVID status during pregnancy (AOR 2.18, 1.3–3.63) after adjusting for anemia in pregnancy, incomplete antenatal visits, mothers age ≥30 years, parity and periods of gestation. Conclusion: The study concludes that COVID positivity during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of LBW as pregnancy outcome.
Impact of alginate coating combined with free and nanoencapsulated Carum copticum essential oil on rainbow trout burgers

Abstract Carum copticum essential oil (CEO) is known as a valuable active food and pharmaceutical ingredient with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Solid lipid nanoparticles incorporated with CEO can overcome their limitations, namely low physicochemical stability and water solubility. In the current study, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of free and nanoencapsulated CEO were measured. The results revealed that although the nanoparticles of CEO had higher DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to free CEO, the antimicrobial activity of free CEO toward Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes was higher than nanoparticles. Fish burger samples coated with free and nanoencapsulated CEO and stored for 12 days at 4°C. Alginate coating without CEO was considered as a control sample. The mean zeta potential, particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI) of nanoparticles were 19.18 ± 0.9 mV, 286.5 ± 18.2 nm, and 0.32 ± 0.01, respectively. The results revealed that lipid oxidation, microbial growth, and production of total volatile basic nitrogen in fish burger samples coated with alginate enriched with nanoencapsulated CEO were lower than free CEO. The main volatile compounds of CEO were para‐cymene, γ‐terpinene, and thymol, which were responsible for the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of CEO. The data obtained by the current study suggest the application of alginate coating with CEO in form of nanoparticle to enhance fish burgers’ shelf life stored at 4°C.
Resurgence of diphtheria in Northern Gujarat: A retrospective study done in Banas Medical College and Research Centre, Palanpur, Gujarat

ABSTRACT Background: A diphtheria outbreak occurred in Banaskantha district in the northern part of Gujarat in 2019–2020. This study was undertaken to study and generate information on the resurgence of the disease in this region and to generate information regarding the status of vaccination in this region and what strategies can be adopted to avoid re-emergence of the disease in the future. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based, retrospective, descriptive study done on patients of diphtheria who were admitted in Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur from September 2019 to January 2020. Throat swab was taken from all the patients and information regarding symptoms, vaccination, and demographic characteristic was collected. Treatment in the form of ADS, injection crystalline penicillin/erythromycin and other supportive treatment was given. Result: Out of 188 patients, 27 patients (14.36%) were less than 5 years of age, 118 patients (62.76%) and 38 patients (20.21%) were of age group 5–10 and 11–18 years, respectively. Total of five patients (2.66%) were of age more than 18 years. Out of 188 patients, 102 (54.25%) were males and 86 patients (45.74%) were females. All the patients (188) were found to be unvaccinated. Among 188 throat swabs that were tested, 21 samples (11.17%) were found to be culture positive for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Antidiphtheric serum was given in 181 patients (96.27%) according to the requirement. Out of 188 patients, 155 patients (82.44%) improved with treatment and were discharged. Total of 23 patients (12.23%) were referred to higher center for tracheostomy and for management of other complications. Six patients (3.19%) left against medical advice and four patients (2.12%) expired despite all measures taken. Conclusion: Diphtheria is a disease that can easily be prevented by vaccination. Our study highlights need to increase awareness about vaccination among people of Banaskatha district and all measures should be taken to give full vaccination to children less than 5 years of age and booster vaccination should be encouraged in adolescents and adults so that future resurgence of disease can be prevented.
Peripheral concentrations of metabolic and inflammatory indicators during transition period and their relationship with postpartum clinical endometritis in dairy cattle

The aim of this study was to investigate the peripheral concentration of metabolic and inflammatory indicators during transition period and their relationship in cows that developed clinical endometritis (CE) and remained nonendometritis during later postpartum period. A total of 70 cows were selected and blood was collected from 21 days before calving to 21 days after calving. After adjusting the sampling date based on the actual calving date (â€“21Â±2, â€“7Â±1, 0, 7Â±1, 14Â±1 and 21Â±2 days) and health status, a minimum of 8 samples each from the CE and nonendometritis cows were used at each time point of transition period for the estimation of acute phase proteins (APPs) (haptoglobin, Hp; serum amyloid A, SAA; and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, AGP), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ô€…, TNF-ô€„, IL-6 and IL-8) and energy indicators (NEFA, BHBA, Leptin and IGF-I) using bovine specific ELISA kits. APPs (Hp, SAA and AGP), cytokines (IL-1ô€…, TNF-ô€„, IL-6) and energy indicators (NEFA, BHBA, Leptin) levels significantly increased, while IL-8 and IGF-I levels significantly decreased in transition cows that eventually developed to CE compared to the cows which remained non-endometritis during 22â€“47 days postpartum. It is concluded that cows that diagnosed as CE during postpartum period were experienced negative energy balance and compromised their immune status during transition period.
Greater Hip Moments in Rear-Foot-Elevated Split Squats Than in Conventional Back Squats With the Same Relative Intensity of Loads

Abstract Arakawa, H, Mori, M, and Tanimoto, M. Greater hip moments in rear-foot-elevated split squats than in conventional back squats with the same relative intensity of loads. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 1009–1016, 2023—Rear-foot-elevated split squat (RFESS) is often performed as an alternative to conventional double-leg back squat (DLBS). This study aimed to compare 3-dimensional joint kinetics of DLBS and RFESS using the same relative intensity of loads. Eight male college rugby players performed 3 repetitions of DLBS and RFESS at 10-repetition-maximum (RM) loading. Before testing, both exercises were incorporated into the subjects' training program with a progressive increase in loads for 4 months. A 3-dimensional optical motion capture system and force platform were used for data collection. The 3-dimensional moments at the knee and hip joints in each of the 3 axes were calculated based on the inverse dynamic procedure. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The hip extension moment was 44% greater in the RFESS than in the DLBS at the bottom position (p < 0.01) and 47% greater for the peak value (p < 0.01) on harmonic averages. The hip abduction and external rotation moments at the bottom position were also greater in the RFESS than in the DLBS. The findings suggest that the magnitude of hip extension moment per leg in DLBS tends to be restricted to less than that expected from the given strength level. In conclusion, the mechanical contribution of hip extensors per leg can be greater in RFESS than in DLBS when using respective 10RM loads, even if the absolute load is smaller and the trunk is more upright in RFESS.
A Plasmon Resonance in Dehydrogenated Coronene (C24Hx) and Its Cations and the Origin of the Interstellar Extinction Band at 217.5 Nanometers

Analysis of the wavelength dependence of extinction in the ultraviolet is shown to provide additional insight into the physical properties of the carrier of the interstellar absorption feature at 217.5 nm (5.7 eV). In particular, it is found that this band has a cutoff at both long and short wavelengths, supporting the assignment of this feature to a plasmon band. The photon energies corresponding to these cutoffs are highly diagnostic of the carrier of this feature and suggest that the absorber is a seven-ring aromatic molecule. Comparison with laboratory data, together with theoretical calculations of the plasmon resonance in small dehydrogenated aromatic-ring structures, supports the assignment of this feature to the π-π* plasmon resonance in dehydrogenated coronene molecules, C24Hx and its cations, where x ≤ 3. It is shown that this assignment is consistent with available observational data on the 217.5 nm feature, including such properties as a constant central wavelength, variable width, its relation to E(1250-V)/E(B-V), and the carbon abundance in the interstellar medium. The π and π* energy levels in the 217.5 nm carrier, derived from an analysis of interstellar extinction, have been used to construct its energy-level diagram, enabling comparison with other observational data
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Received Jul 17, 2022 Revised Sep 30, 2022 Accepted Oct 18,2022 Caries may be halted or reversed in their progression by early detection, better hygiene habits, and coadministered drugs. The major clinical procedures for identifying dental caries are visual-tactile examination and dental radiography. However, due to their location, approximate caries exceedingly difficult to detect and affect the clinical assessment. Incorrect interpretations may also hinder the diagnostic procedure. Computational approaches and technology can be used to help dentists assess caries. Teledentistry has the ability to improve dental health care by providing access to dental care services from a remote location. Teledentistry helps identifying various stages of caries lesions using neural network and devices connected to the internet. This research develops an image classification for teledentistry systems using depthwise separable convolutional neural network. The trainable parameters reduction of depthwise separable convolution (DSC) successfully reduces the computational cost of conventional convolutional neural networks (CNN). As a result, the DSC model is reduced by 91.49% when compared to the traditional CNN model. Several DSC models improve conventional CNN accuracies in the training, validation, evaluation, and testing stages.
Maximum Principle of Optimal Control of the Primitive Equations of the Ocean With State Constraint

We investigate in this paper Pontryagin's maximum principle for a class of control problems associated with the primitive equations (PEs) of the ocean. These optimal problems involve a state constraint similar to that considered in Wang and Wang (Nonlinear Analysis 2003; 52:1911–1931) for the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes (NS) equations. The main difference between this work and Wang and Wang (Nonlinear Analysis 2003; 52:1911–1931) is that the nonlinearity in the PEs is stronger than in the three-dimensional NS systems.
Ethno-medicinal survey of plants used for the treatment of typhoid fever in North East, Nigeria

Herbal medicine, sometime also called phytomedicine or botanical medicine, which are used for therapeutic or medicinal purposes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain, identify and documents medicinal plants used in the treatment of typhoid fever in the study area. Ethno-medicinal survey of plants was conducted from January to July 2016 in North East, Nigeria. The survey covered three local governments from the three states of North East Nigeria. Potiskum, Katagum and Bajoga from Yobe, Bauchi and Gombe states respectively and simple random sampling was used in selecting the respondents from which plants sample were collected. Ethno-botanical data was obtained through the use of two hundred and ten structured questionnaires and tape recorder during the interview session with the traditional healers. Descriptive statistics such as frequency table, percentages and chi-square test were employed for the analyses. Thirty nine (39) plants belonging to 25 families were revealed in the survey. The highest medicinal plants parts used reported were leaves (57.7%) followed by (12.9%) roots, (10.9%) stems/bark, (2.9%) fruits, (2.2%) bulb, and (6.4%) flower/seeds and the whole plants (7%). In the mode of preparation of medicinal plants, significant difference was observed (Z2=211.86, df=4, alpha (α) = 0.05 and table value = 9.49). The survey provides a basis for further screening and research on these plants.