Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding and preventing falls

INTRODUCTION, R. Haslam and D. Stubbs Background Book Structure References WALKING ON THE LEVEL: FOOTWEAR AND THE WALKING SURFACE, R. Gronqvist Introduction Walking on the Level Biomechanics of Slips, Trips, and Falls Frictional Mechanisms in Walking Basic Safety Criteria for Walking Methods for Slipperiness Measurement Implications for Falling Accidents and Guidance for Prevention Conclusions Acknowledgments References STEPS AND STAIRS, M. Roys Introduction The Extent of the Problem Gait on Stairs Inconsistent Step Dimensions Inappropriate Step Sizes Inadequate Handrails Poor Step Visibility Conclusions References ROLE OF VISION IN FALLS, P. Howarth Introduction Vision and Conspicuity Visual Ability Static and Dynamic Situations Behaviour and the Environment Interaction between the Visual and Vestibular Systems Summary References AGEING AND FALLS, S. Lord, C. Sherrington, and H. Menz Introduction Epidemiology of Falls in Older People Physical Risk Factors for Falls Environmental Risk Factors Interventions to Prevent Falls Conclusion References EPIDEMIOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INVESTIGATING CAUSES OF OCCUPATIONAL FALLS, T. Bentley and R. Haslam Introduction Epidemiological Approaches: Archival Data Analysis Prospective Epidemiological Methods for Investigating STF Methods and Techniques Complimentary to Descriptive Epidemiology Conclusions References INVESTIGATION OF INDIVIDUAL FALL INCIDENTS, P. Lehane and D. Stubbs Introduction STF and Their Investigation Manager and Fall Victim Perceptions Social Psychology and Falls Conclusions References THE ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTION OF PEDESTRIAN SLIP ACCIDENTS, S. Thorpe, P. Lemon, and S. Taylor Introduction The Assessment of Slipperiness Contamination of Flooring The Designer's Dilemma Case Studies Conclusions References OCCUPATIONAL FALLS OUTDOORS: UNDERSTANDING AND PREVENTING FALLS IN THE NEW ZEALAND LOGGING INDUSTRY, T. Bentley, R. Parker, and L. Ashby Introduction Epidemiological Analysis of Logging Injury Data The Effect of Spiked-Soled Boots on Logger Safety, Productivity, and Workload Conclusion Acknowledgments References FALLS DURING ENTRY/EGRESS FROM VEHICLES, F. Fathallah Introduction Cost and Prevalence Risks of Improper Entry/Egress Impact Forces and Slip Potential during Vehicle Egress Approaches to Preventing Vehicle-Related Falls Summary Acknowledgment References BEHAVIOUR AND THE SAFETY OF OLDER PEOPLE ON STAIRS, R. Haslam, D. Hill, J. Sloane, P. Howarth, and K.B. Wavell Introduction Preliminary Focus Groups Home Interview Survey Home Interview Survey Results Discussion Concluding Discussion Acknowledgments References PREVENTING FALLS, R. Haslam and D. Stubbs Overview The Politics of Falls Understanding Falls Preventing Falls Concluding Remarks Index
Anharmonic properties of High-Tc Cuprates : proceedings of the international workshop, Bled, Slovenia, September 1-6, 1994

This volume deals with an important aspect of the physics of high-temperature super-conductors. In recent years a wealth of experimental and theoretical work has accumulated on the subject of anharmonicity in connection to either superconductivity or lattice properties of superconducting oxides. The works collected here are the proceedings of the first workshop dedicated to dealing with these issues.
DYNAMIC AXIAL TOLERANCE OF THE HUMAN FOOT-ANKLE COMPLEX

Dynamic axial impact tests to isolated lower legs were conducted at the Medical College of Wisconsin laboratory in the USA. The aim is to develop a more definitive and quantitative relationship between biomechanical parameters such as specimen age, axial force, and injury. Twenty-six intact adult lower legs excised from unembalmed human cadavers were tested under dynamic loading using a mini-sled pendulum device. Results from these tests were combined with the data from the studies by Wayne State University and Calspan Corporation, both in the USA. The total sample size available was 52. Statistical analysis of these data was performed using Weibull techniques. Age and dynamic axial force were the most significant discriminant variables that defined the injury risk function. Consequently, the probability of foot-ankle injury was described in terms of specimen age and force. The findings are a first step towards the quantification of the dynamic tolerance of the human foot-ankle complex under the axial impact modality.For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 891635.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF AUTONOMOUS INTELLIGENT CRUISE CONTROL

The objective of this study was to gain an insight into the effects of the introduction of Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control (AICC) on traffic performance and safety on motorways. The MICroscopic model for Simulation of Intelligent Cruise control (MIXIC) was used. The study has confirmed the notion from earlier studies that AICC systems can contribute to a more stable traffic flow without sacrificing capacity. The results regarding traffic performance were: (1) a (very small) increase in travel time; (2) a decrease in the standard travel time deviation; (3) a small decrease in the average speed; and (4) a decrease in the standard speed deviation. These results were found for AICC penetration levels on passenger cars of 20% (target headway 1.0 and 1.5) and 40% (target headway 1.0). However, for 40% penetration and a target headway of 1.5 a deterioration of the traffic performance was found at the higher traffic demand levels. Concerning traffic safety the following results were obtained: (a) a decrease in the number of shockwaves and in the number of vehicles in a shockwave; (b) an increase in Time-To-Collisions (TTCs), especially for AICC vehicles; (c) a decrease of headways, especially on the left lane; and (d) a slight increase of the fraction of headways less than 0.5 s. These results pertain to all penetration levels and AICC target headways. The overall AICC impacts on traffic safety are not obvious. (A)
CRITERIA FOR YIELDING HIGHWAY SIGN SUPPORTS

LIGHT WEIGHT STEEL CHANNEL POSTS EMBEDDED IN SOIL ARE USED FOR MOUNTING SMALL AND INTERMEDIATE SIZE HIGHWAY SIGNS. WHETHER THESE SIGN SUPPORTS WOULD YIELD WITHOUT CAUSING SERIOUS INJURY TO A VEHICLE OCCUPANT WHEN IMPACTED AT VARIOUS SPEEDS AND ANGLES AND IN VARIOUS SIZES AND SOIL SUPPORT CONDITIONS IS DETERMINED. THE SIGN SUPPORTS WERE EVALUATED BY A LABORATORY CRASH SIMULATOR BY 40 FULL SCALE FIELD CRASH TESTS AND BY A COMPUTERIZED THEORETICAL ANALYSIS. THE RESULTS OF THE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS WERE CORRELATED WITH EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS TO OTHER INSTALLATIONS. VEHICLE DECELERATION VALUES UPON IMPACT WERE OBTAINED FROM HIGH SPEED FILM DATA AND FROM ACCELEROMETERS MOUNTED IN THE CRASH VEHICLES. CORRELATION BETWEEN THE FILM DATA AND THE ACCELEROMETER DATA WAS FOUND TO BE VERY GOOD. THE CORRELATION WITH THE COMPUTERIZED THEORETICAL ANALYSIS IS ALSO VERY GOOD AND THE COMPUTER PROGRAM IS FLEXIBLE ENOUGH FOR THE RESULTS TO BE EXTRAPOLATED TO OTHER SOIL CONDITIONS, VEHICLE WEIGHTS, AND VEHICLE VELOCITIES. THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE STEEL CHANNEL POST IS A YIELDING SIGN SUPPORT. DURING THE TEST PROGRAM, NO VALUES OF DECELERATION WERE RECORDED WHICH EXCEEDED CONSERVATIVE TOLERANCE LEVELS. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT FURTHER CRASH TEST RESEARCH BE CONDUCTED ON SPLICED SUPPORT POSTS, SIGN HARDWARE, AND SIGNS SUPPORTED ON THREE SUPPORT POSTS. /AUTHOR/
Sporting programs for inactive population groups: factors influencing their long-term sustainability in the organized sports setting

Background The organized sports sector has received increased interest as a setting to stimulate physical activity among inactive target groups. To reach many inactive people and to obtain population health benefits, it is important that effective sporting programs are sustained over a long period of time. This study identified the factors influencing the long-term sustainability of these kind of sporting programs located within local sports clubs. Methods Fourteen sporting programs in the Netherlands aimed at increasing physical activity levels of inactive population groups and funded within the National Action Plan for Sport and Exercise (NAPSE) were the focus of this study. The programs were developed by ten National Sports Federations (NSFs) and implemented by different sports clubs in the Netherlands within a three-year funded implementation period (2008-2011). This research consisted of face-to-face interviews with the program coordinators of the NSFs (n=14) and telephone interviews with representatives of sports clubs that provided the programs (n=17 continued the program, n=11 discontinued the program) six and a half years after the funding period ended (November 2017-March 2018). A sustainability framework with five pre-specified main themes (i.e. program design, implementation, trainer/coach, organizational setting, broader community environment) guided data collection and (deductive) thematic analysis. Results Ten of the fourteen NAPSE funded sporting programs were sustained at the level of the NSFs. Most factors facilitating (+) and impeding (-) the long-term sustainability of the programs were mentioned by both NSFs and sports clubs, like program adaptation (+) and a lack of program financing (-). Program evaluation (+) and high program costs (-) were examples of factors that were more important to NSFs, while factors related to human resources (e.g. lack of volunteers (-)) or the sports club nature (e.g. social aspect in program design (+)) were more important to sports clubs. The factors were summarized in the form of a checklist. Conclusions This study adds to the knowledge base concerning the long-term sustainability of sporting programs aimed at inactive people in the organized sport setting. The results can be used to develop strategies to promote long-term sustainability of these kind of programs and inform funding guidelines.
EVALUATION OF SURFACE MIXTURES OF STEEL SLAG AND ASPHALT

The demand for good-quality highway materials continues to increase whereas economical sources are becoming more limited. This demand may become more critical, especially with the policy (adopted by some state highway departments) of banning some aggregate types that have been frequently used in the past for producing paving mixtures. Steel slag aggregates have not yet been used extensively in pavement layers, even though they have been used successfully in the past. Steel slag has performed well in a number of surface-course applications subject to high traffic volumes (when such mixtures have been properly designed and constructed). Research, development, and demonstration work are still required to ensure the full exploitation of steel slag. The suitability of steel slag aggregates in combination with natural sand was evaluated for use in bituminous pavement surface layers constructed to serve high-volume, high-speed, and heavy-load traffic. This evaluation was made through a literature search, a field investigation, and a laboratory characterization of bituminous mixtures prepared with various gradations and proportions of steel slag aggregate. Marshall-sized specimens were tested in the laboratory for tensile characteristics, expansive properties after freeze-thaw cycling, and Marshall stability. The field investigation included a surface condition survey and skid resistance measurements. Use of steel slag in asphaltic mixes is still highly localized in steel production areas. Some highway agencies do not permit its use, although the performance record of steel slag mixtures is reported to be excellent. Some inputs should be considered in further evaluation of steel slag asphaltic mixtures. This process may lead to the development of technical specifications and recommendations for more extensive use of steel slag aggregates in pavement layers.
The application of team-based learning in emotional intelligence training for medical students: A pre–post-test study

Background Emotional intelligence represents a person’s interpersonal and communication competencies, and influences medical students and their clinical careers. The aim is to evaluate the impact of team-based learning in an emotional intelligence training intervention among Chinese medical students. Methods This is a quasi-experimental, one-group pre–post-test assessment. A convenience sample of medical university students took an elective course in emotional management recruited for this study. An emotional management course was designed to provide college students with basic knowledge about emotional regulation and to provide opportunities for emotional management practice. The course composed of traditional face-to-face education and the new style of teamwork. They completed the educational modules using their personal computers or cell phones. Using the Emotional Intelligence Scale, Caring Ability Inventory, and a course evaluation questionnaire, two research assistants collected data before and after delivery of the intervention. Descriptive statistics were calculated for sociodemographic data. Categorical data were described as frequencies, and continuous data were expressed as means. Differences in respondent characteristics between the pre- and post-intervention assessments were investigated using the chi-squared test. The paired-samples t test was used to investigate differences between pre- and post-intervention. Ninety-eight students completed the pre-intervention questionnaire and 82 students completed the post-intervention questionnaire. Results The intervention improved students’ emotional intelligence and caring ability, as indicated by increased scores in perceiving and expressing emotions (t = 7.045, P < 0.01), regulating emotions (t = 6.094, P < 0.001), knowing (t = 4.268, P < 0.001), and courage (t = 4.842, P < 0.001). Students' average course evaluation ratings were >4 points (The total score is 5.). Conclusions This intervention has the potential to influence medical students’ emotional intelligence and caring behavior.
Mathematical Principles of COVID-19 Infections

Through statistical analysis of COVID-19 infection cases in many countries, it is noticed the virulence of COVID-19 is indeed decreasing over time. A virulence attenuation theory is proposed due to the corrosion of the virus UTR (Untranslated Region) region. Though the statistic analysis of COVID-19 meta-genomic data, the COVID-19 UTR region was confirmed to experience a significant truncation through time but could be stabilized around the length of 29782bp. It was also discovered the virus UTR corrosion probability was dependent on its own length. This might due to the secondary structure of its UTR region. Therefore, it is inferred COVID-19 virulence would not be able to disappear naturally without strong human intervention although its virulence engaged a significant declination compared to the first wave. Instead of using the traditional SIR model, a new mathematical model that could take the virulence decay of COVID-19 into consideration is proposed. The microscopic virus population proliferation model displayed good fitting results in almost all infection cases globally. By constructing a microscope virus replication model, we propose that the major factor driving COVID-19 infection is the very sensitive relationship between the maintenance of virus genome active length and the host population contact density, rather than the traditional virus gene mutation. Due to the existence of this sensitive relationship, strict epidemic prevention measures can reduce the number of viruses in a short time, and finally realize the complete extinction of COVID-19 in human society. This mathematical model could also help explain lots of mystical phenomenon during this epidemic such as how asymptomatic infections happened and why young people drove a second surge of COVID-19 cases.
Patterns of advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) use in Canadian manufacturing: 1998 AMT survey results

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Corrosion durability of strain hardening fibre-reinforced cementitious composites

Abstract This paper presents some experimental results on the corrosion durability of cracked reinforced concrete beams made with plain mortar and strain hardening fibre-reinforced cementitious composites (SHFRCCs) containing polyethylene and steel-polyethylene hybrid fibres. All beams are subjected to cyclic wetting and drying using water containing 3% sodium chloride (NaCl). In addition, an external potential is also applied to the reinforcement to accelerate the corrosion. Corrosion of steel bars is monitored through a pair of sensors attached to the reinforcing bar in each beam. Test results show that beams containing SHFRCC material exhibited better corrosion protection than that of plain mortar beams. Among all specimens, beams containing hybrid steel-polyethylene fibre-reinforced SHFRCC exhibited the best corrosion protection.
Pulse method of measuring basic thermophysical parameters

General problems in the measurement of thermophysical parameters. 2. Temperature function of an ideal experiment. Pulse method of measuring thermophysical parameters. Factors limiting the precision of measurements by the pulse method with a planar heat source. 3. Effect of heat loss from the sample surface. Ideal finite heat sources. Effect of heat loss from the sample surface. Analysis of the experiment. Calculation of thermophysical parameters. 4. Contact between two bodies. Contact thermal resistance. Dynamic properties of thermal contact. 5. Head pulse width. 6. Real heat sources. Heat capacity of the heat source. Simultaneous effect of the heat capacity of the heat source and the contact thermal resistance on the measurement. Dynamic properties of the heat source. Parallel wires as heat sources. Simultaneous effect of the heat pulse width and the heat capacity of the heat source. 7. Simultaneous effect of heat loss, the heat capacity of the heat sources and contact thermal resistance on the measurement. 8. Effect of real thermometers. 9. Effect of the sample holder. 10. Sample temperature stability. 11. Measurement of thermophysical parameters under industrial conditions. 12. Pulse method of measuring the thermophysical parameters of thin metal foils. Temperature field in thin foils. Sample holder. Heat loss from the foil surface. Temperature capacity of quartz plates. 13. Experimental arrangement of the pulse method. Experimental apparatus. Automatic measuring systems and data acquisition. Processing of the measured data. Measuring errors. 14. Applications of the pulse method. Experimental data for ruby. Experimental data for polymethylmethacrylate. Optimal experimental data for polymethylmethacrylate. Optimal experimental parameters. 15. Computer programs. Subrouting package for computation of correction factors f a and f c . References. Index.
Shuffled frog-leaping algorithm for parameter estimation of a double-cage asynchronous machine

This study introduces a shuffled frog-leaping algorithm based method for the estimation of induction motor double-cage model parameters from standard manufacturer data: full load torque, full load power factor, full load current, maximum torque, starting torque and starting current. The steady-state equivalent circuit is applied for the simulations. The circuit parameters are found as the result of the error minimisation function between the estimated and maker data. The suggested algorithm solves the parameter estimation problem and surpasses the solutions reached by particle swarm optimisation, genetic algorithms and classical parameter estimation method (a modified Newton method). The algorithm has been tested on three motors.
PERFORMANCE OF STONE MATRIX ASPHALT PAVEMENTS IN MARYLAND

The Maryland State Highway Administration (MSHA) has constructed over 85 stone matrix asphalt (SMA) projects totalling over 1300 lane miles since 1992. The SMA mixes have been placed exclusively on high volume, high speed highway segments. Analyses of nearly 1000 sets of construction quality control test data and approximately 300 sets of pavement performance measurements for up to 10 years of service life conclusively demonstrate the superior performance of SMA mixes in Maryland. Correlations between Maryland SMA mix volumetric and gradation properties and pavement performance were found to be weak and inconclusive. This is largely because the Maryland SMA mixes have been so well controlled and the performance of the projects has been so uniformly excellent that there simply is too little variation in either to define robust correlations. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E210251.
Power line communications : theory and applications for narrowband and broadband communications over power lines

List of Contributors. Preface. List of Acronyms. 1 Introduction (The Editors). References. 2 Channel Characterization (P. Amirshahi, F. Canete, K. Dostert, S. Galli, M. Katayama and M. Kavehrad). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Channel Modeling Fundamentals. 2.3 Models for Outdoor Channels: LV Case. 2.4 Models for Outdoor Channels: MV Case. 2.5 Models for Indoor Channels. 2.6 Noise and Disturbances. 2.7 MeasuringTechniques. 2.8 PLC Channel EmulationTools. 2.9 Reference Channels for Access Domain. 3 Electromagnetic Compatibility (H. Hirsch and M. Koch). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Parameters for EMC Considerations. 3.3 Electromagnetic Emission. 3.4 Electromagnetic Susceptibility. 3.5 EMC Coordination. 3.6 EMC Regulationin Europe. 3.7 Final Remarks. 4 Coupling (P. A. Janse van Rensburg). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Filtering Basics. 4.3 Transformer-Capacitor Coupler Design. 4.4 Impedance Adaptation Concepts. 4.5 Experimental Verification. 4.6 Further Possibilities. 5 Digital Transmission Techniques (M. Ardakani, G. Colavolpe, K. Dostert, H. C. Ferreira, D. Fertonani, T. G. Swart, A. M. Tonello, D. Umehara and A. J. H. Vinck). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Modulation and Coding for Narrowband PLC Systems. 5.3 Modulation and Coding for Broadband PLC Systems. 5.4 Conclusion. 6 Protocols for PLC Systems (G. Bumiller, H. Hrasnica, L. Lampe, M. Lobashov and T. Stockhammer). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Broadband PLC Media Access Control Layer. 6.3 Protocols for PLC Supporting Energy Management Systems. 6.4 Internet Protocol Television Over PLC. 7 Industrial and International Standards on PLC-based Networking Technologies (Galli, M. Koch, H. A. Latchman, S. Lee and V. Oksman). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 PLC Standardization by Industrial Alliances. 7.3 International Standards on PLC-Networking Technology. 7.4 ETSI and CENELEC Standards. 7.5 International EMC Product Standardization. 8 Systems and Implementations (I. Berganza Valmala, G. Bumiller, H. A. Latchman, M. V. Ribeiro, A. Sendin Escalona, E. R. Wade and L. W. Yonge). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 PLC Smart Grid Systems. 8.3 PLC Broadband Access Systems. 8.4 Multimedia PLC Systems. 8.5 DC-PLC Systems. 8.6 PLC in Emerging Countries. 9 Conclusions (The Editors). Index.