Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Administrative Hegemony, As A Panacea For Improving Sanitation Marketing In Nigeria. A Study Of Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

: - Sanitation marketing is an emerging field that applies social and commercial marketing approaches to scale up the supply and demand for improved sanitation facilities. Concerns about enduring low rural sanitation figures in Nigeria prompted a series of studies providing insight into overall sector performance, sanitation demand and existing supply chains. The fact remains that one of every two people who lacks access to improved sanitation practice open defecation. The rural sanitation coverage in Nigeria is quite low where about 3 percent of the poorest quintile in rural areas has access to sanitation. In effect, at least about 180 million disease episodes and about one million premature deaths occur annually. Observations have shown that, among all developmental goals embarked upon by our various governments; improved sanitation is not given the attention it deserves. This should, as a matter of urgency receives far greater priority attention from governments and other development partners. This exploratory study will use the mixed methods like in-debt interviews, focus group discussions.
Backstepping Sliding-Mode and Cascade Active Disturbance Rejection Control for a Quadrotor UAV

This article studies the robust trajectory tracking control problem of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In order to guarantee the desired trajectory tracking performance in the presence of external disturbances and model uncertainties, the design process of the quadrotor UAV controller is divided into two steps. First, by decomposing the attitude dynamic system into two serial-connected subsystems, a cascade active disturbance rejection control scheme is applied to the attitude subsystem. Second, by introducing an additional high-gain design parameter, a novel backstepping sliding-mode control scheme for position subsystem is constructed. Moreover, the Lyapunov stability analysis is provided to show that the trajectory tracking error can converge to an arbitrarily small residual set. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the designed control method and its robustness to the external disturbances and model uncertainties. Finally, the proposed method is implemented on a quadrotor UAV to demonstrate its feasibility in practical application.
Socio-economic changes around Jatigede reservoir, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat

Construction of Jatigede Reservoir raises socio-economic changes in the form of changes in livelihoods, incomes, and unemployment rates. This study aims to analyze how the socio-economic changes that occur in residents living around the reservoir. This study uses descriptive analysis method and spatial analysis. This study uses variables including income, livelihood, and unemployment rate. Spatial analytics are used by dividing the research area into three radius, i.e. 0–500 meters, 500–1000 meters, and 100–1500 meters from Jatigede Reservoir. High socio-economic changes occur in areas with high and medium farmer densities. The largest socio-economic change is in the radius of 0–500 meters from the reservoir. The changes of income are always follows the changes of livelihood, but the changes of unemployment rates are not always follows the changes of livelihood.
Difference of egg diapause in two host races of the spirea aphid, Aphis spiraecola

Studies of egg development are important for predicting spring populations of holocyclic aphids. Good techniques for hatching eggs artificially are also necessary in order to perform crosses and analyze the genetics of aphid populations. Some aphid life cycles exhibit cyclical parthenogenesis; they mate only once per year usually in autumn, whilst during spring and summer the parthenogenetically reproducing generations do not vary genetically except occasionally due to mutation (Tomiuk & Wöhrmann, 1982). The study of aphid genetics has a special value because cyclical parthenogenesis poses an important evolutionary question (Via, 1992) and egg hatching methods are valuable to the study of aphid genetics. Egg hatch has been studied for several aphid species. Von Behrendt (1967) made an intensive study of the egg diapause of Aphis fabaeScop. under various temperature conditions. Hand (1983) tested various factors affecting egg eclosion success and demonstrated the importance of high humidity and chilling (at 7 ◦C) for Sitobion avenae(F.). Newton & Dixon (1987) studied the same species on the host plant and in plastic boxes, and showed that the period at lower temperatures (2 and 4 ◦C) with short day conditions affected the time to egg hatch after transfer to higher temperature. Puterka & Slosser (1986) studied the effect of host plants and low incubation temperatures on egg hatch in Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) and showed that eggs hatched within a range of temperature and durations at given temperatures. Wipperfürth & Mittler (1986) described a method of collecting eggs on filter papers, involving sterilization and incubation of the eggs in sealed petri dishes, and tested hatching under various temperature and photoperiodic conditions forS. graminum. Messing & AliNiazee (1991) analyzed thermal requirements for the development in the post-diapause stage eggs of Myzocallis coryli (Goetze). Via (1992) studied egg hatch ofAcyrthosiphon pisum(Harris) under conditions of cyclic daily temperature and short photoperiod using crossed clones. Lushai et al. (1996) reported the chilling temperature necessary to break diapause and post-chilling conditions that promote egg hatch using field collected eggs of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). In Japan,Aphis spiraecolaPatch occurs as two races with different primary hosts and egg hatching times (Komazaki, 1990). These races also differ in host preference and can be discriminated by their esterase zymograms (Komazaki, 1991). Egg hatching time is genetically controlled (Komazaki, 1986) and it is expected that the eggs of the two races differ in their physiological responses to temperature. Therefore, the effect of temperature on egg development was studied under various temperature regimes. This paper provides evidence of a physiological difference in egg response to temperature between the two races and also describes a reliable method for hatching eggs of this species.
Serum Vitamin E Concentration of Horses on Different Vitamin E Supplementation Levels

Abstract The influence of vitamin E supplementation on blood serum vitamin E concentration as well as the seasonal variation of serum vitamin concentration was investigated. Forty horses were divided into a control and three vitamin E supplementation (experimental) groups. The levels of the vitamin E supplementation in the three experimental groups were 1, 3 or 5 mg/kg body weight (bwt) per day. The vitamin was dosed orally. The supplementation was started either at the beginning or in the middle of the indoor (winter) feeding period. There was seasonal variation in the serum vitamin E content; the serum vitamin concentration increased during the grazing and decreased during the indoor feeding period. The basal feeding and a daily supplement of 1 mg/kg bwt were not adequate to maintain or increase the serum vitamin E concentration during the indoor feeding period in an exercising horse. The minimum daily intake of vitamin E would seem to be greater than 1.5 mg/kg bwt. It is suggested that a daily suppleme.
Light quality effects on the appearance of tillers of different order in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

SUMMARY Plants of Triticum aestivum cvs Norkin Pan 70, La Paz Inta, Buck Cencerro and Buck Cimarron were grown outdoors in individual pots with two sowing dates and irradiated at the end of the day either with red or far-red light. In red-treated plants the number of tillers was close to the potential calculated from the number of leaves on the main shoot but far-red treated plants produced less tillers. The magnitude of the effect was larger for secondary and tertiary than primary tillers. Thus, the proportion of primary to secondary and tertiary tillers was larger in FR-treated plants. Leaf sheath and lamina were longer under FR in the second sowing date, possibly due to warmer nights. These responses were greatly affected by the genotype. Significant differences in ear number were not found but in one of the sowing dates red-light-treated plants showed a lower grain number and yield than those treated with far-red.
A profile of cases of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at a tertiary care centre in South India

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is comprised of a range of pregnancy related disorders, from premalignant hydatiform mole (complete and partial), to the malignant invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumours and epithelioid tumour. The malignant ones are collectively called gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). The reported incidence of GTD varies from 23 per 100,000 (Paraguay) to 1,299 per 100,000 (Indonesia), though the incidence In India is inconsistent and variable. They usually follow a molar pregnancy though they can occur after any gestational event. The primary clinical concern regarding GTD is the risk of persistence in the uterus and elsewhere. Serum beta human chorionic Gonadotropin (βHCG) is a sensitive marker in diagnosing and evaluating treatment response of GTN. The majority of women with this disease will be cured by single agent chemotherapy while high risk cases warrant the use of combination regimens. ABSTRACT
Spectrum of otorhinolaryngologic ailments in the North Indian state of Punjab: a seven year retrospective study of peripheral health camps

Deafness reversible and otherwise, nasal obstruction benign or malignant, hoarseness secondary to a simple vocal nodule and a neck node, tubercular or malignant, are the common ailments that necessitate an in-depth evaluation and services of a specialist. Timely diagnosis and intervention medical or surgical as the case maybe, is the need of the hour. Peripheral grass root health care services are extended by tertiary health care facilities. In India the “medical camps” are held independently in educational institutions or in collaboration with philanthropic non-government organizations Religious institutions are foremost in organizing these charitable camps. Specialized Oto-rhino-laryngology and head neck services are provided by the ENT specialist.
Mid-upper arm circumference versus weight for height Z-score for detecting malnutrition in children aged 06-59 months in rural and urban areas of Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India

The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF propose to use two independent criteria for diagnosing malnutrition in children aged 6-60 months, viz. WHZ and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), weight-forlength/height z-score (WHZ) has been used for years in clinical settings for diagnosing SAM (WHO 1999), but the use of MUAC was introduced more recently with the development of community-based management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) (WHO and UNICEF 2007).
Oligomers of β-Amyloid Peptide Inhibit BDNF-Induced Arc Expression in Cultured Cortical Neurons

The progressive memory loss observed in Alzheimers disease (AD) is accompanied by an increase in the levels of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and a block of synaptic plasticity. Both synaptic plasticity and memory require changes in the expression of synaptic proteins such as the activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein, Arc (also termed Arg3.1). Using a model of synaptic plasticity in which BDNF increases Arc expression in cultured cortical neurons, we have found that an oligomeric form of Aβ strongly inhibits the BDNF-induced increase of Arc expression. Given that Aβ oligomers are likely to be involved in the synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment observed in amyloid depositing mouse models, we hypothesize that inhibition of Arc induction by BDNF contributes to the synaptic and memory deficits at early stages of AD.
Effects of soil organic layer removal on regeneration after clear-cutting a northern hardwood stand in New Brunswick

Our objective was to determine the effects of clear-cutting and removal of the soil organic layer and residual vegetation on regeneration of woody species from seed. Germination, survival, and height growth of woody seedlings were followed over a 4-year period after clear-cutting in plots with and without the organic layer and vegetation removed. After 4 years, Betulaalleghaniensis Britton and Rubusidaeus L. predominated on the disturbed plots. On the undisturbed plots, Rubus, Acersaccharum Marsh. (mostly advance regeneration), and Acerpensylvanicum L. (new germinants and advance regeneration) were most abundant. Germination (all species combined) was 1.2–1.5 times higher on the disturbed plots in the first 2 years. Seedling survival was 19–33% higher on the disturbed plots in years 1 and 2 because of the lower occurrence of lethal surface temperatures (>42 °C). Little recruitment of most species occurred after year 2 except for A. saccharum, which increased in density over time on both treatments. Acerpe.
Effects of different mineral supplementation programs on beef cattle serum Se, Zn, Cu, Mn concentration, health, growth performance and meat quality

The effects of different mineral sources (organic vs inorganic) on beef cattle serum Se, Zn, Cu, Mn concentration, health, growth performance and meat quality (hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, conformation score, fattening score and pH) were assessed in 156 intact Charolaise males. The aim of the study was to investigate a possible ameliorative action of the organic sources of those minerals compared to the inorganic ones, essential for animal welfare and productivity. The animals were allotted to three treatment groups, receiving different sources (organic or inorganic) of minerals and at different levels. H-In received a mineral supplementation from an inorganic source using the average mineral inclusion used according to the European beef system. The TRT group received an organic source based on producer recommendations (TRT, Total Replacement Technology, Alltech). The In group received minerals from an inorganic source, but following the same amount as the TRT group. Growth performance and health status were monitored throughout the fattening period (186 days). Blood samples were evaluated in relation to mineral serum concentrations, antioxidant status and immunity reactions. After slaughtering, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Longissimus dorsi samples were evaluated. Growth performance and health status were better in the TRT groups (P<0.05). The incidence of Bovine Respiratory Disease was also lower in this group. The animals in the TRT group had a better immune response (P<0.05) due to the higher circulating mineral concentrations which positively influence the immune function. In addition, carcass characteristics were better in the TRT group because of the enhanced myogenesis (P<0.05). Meat quality was better in the TRT group due to the higher level of antioxidants in the meat (P<0.05). The results suggest that organic sources have a strong impact on animals’ metabolism and immune function, that result in an improvement in growth performance, health and antioxidant status together with carcass and meat quality.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP QUALITIES THROUGH METHODS OF DIRECT EXPERIENCE OF LIVE LIVING

The purpose of this study was to examine the problem of the formation of a special mindset of the leader. The training of leaders (AUTHENTICS program, HAI.LT institute) is focused on the shaping of independent decision-making and freedom from stereotypes. In order to break out from automatic reactions of the brain and create novelty, we taught leaders to reflect on his/her emotional reactions that arise in situations of real-life – live living. AUTHENTIC program of consciousness leadership is a modular training program held by HAI.LT Institute since 2011. We conducted a psychological study of participants of the leadership training program (44 leaders, 2013 2015). Results of the study showed the changes in value orientations, in the behavioural priorities in the locus of control, also in the stereotypical beliefs, and motivation of decisions.
Dietary yeast culture supplementation improves initial rearing of McConaughy strain rainbow trout

The addition of a yeast culture food supplement (DVAqua from Diamond V. Mills, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA) was evaluated during feeding of McConaughy strain rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Two trials were run consecutively, starting with initial feeding, and were replicated over 2 years. The yeast culture was added to commercial trout starter at levels of 0.125 and 0.25 g kg−1. The number of rainbow trout that died during the first 4 weeks of rearing was significantly reduced in the tanks receiving either of the yeast culture-supplemented diets compared with the tanks receiving a control starter diet. Ending tank weights and gain were significantly and consistently greater in the tanks fed the 0.25 g kg−1 yeast culture diet. Individual fish weights were also significantly heavier in the fish-fed yeast culture containing diets in each year of the study at the end of 27 days. In the trials from 4 to 8 weeks postinitial feeding, mortality rates were significantly less only in the tanks receiving 0.25 g kg−1 yeast culture supplementation. Individual fish lengths and weights at the end of the second trial were significantly greater in the tanks receiving either level of yeast culture compared with the control diet only in 1 year. Total tank weights and feed conversion were not significantly different between any of the treatments. The inclusion of DVAqua yeast culture provided significant increases in trout survival and growth through the first 4 weeks of feeding, with continued benefits for the next 4 weeks.
Using market research to understand the adoption of irrigation management strategies in the stone and pome fruit industry

Market research was conducted to develop an extension program targeting the specific irrigation management needs of growers in the stone and pome fruit industry within the Goulburn Valley, Victoria. The process of integrating market research with extension practice proved challenging, as it required the development of an extension program that was fundamentally different from what was originally envisaged. However, it was essential to achieve this integration in order to meet the original objectives for the extension program as set by the funding body. We found, in most cases, that the motivation for stone and pome fruit growers in the Goulburn Valley to change orchard irrigation management practices was not because they needed to save water, or to increase water use efficiency. Instead, growers were changing practices in order to save time irrigating, improve the scope for managerial flexibility in the orchard, or when redeveloping their orchard to a closer planting design. These findings suggest that growers in the Goulburn Valley are more likely to respond to an extension program consistent with these motivations rather than a program promoting water use efficiency.
Clinal Variation in Calls of Native and Introduced Populations of Eleutherodactylus coqui

We determined whether Eleutherodactylus coqui exhibits clinal variation in male advertisement call parameters across its native Puerto Rico and introduced range of Hawaii. In the laboratory, we determined whether clinal variation in call parameters were a result of body size or temperature. Calls correlate with elevation in both Puerto Rico and Hawaii in the following ways: negative for fundamental frequency of each call syllable (Co and Qui), positive with the duration of each call, negative with call rate (calls per minute), and no relationship with call intensity. In the laboratory, we found the negative relationship between elevation and call frequency was best explained by larger body sizes at higher elevations, and that the positive and negative relationships between elevation and call duration, and elevation and call rate, respectively, were best explained by lower temperatures at higher elevations. While frogs in Hawaii exhibited the same relationships between elevation and call parameters found in Puerto Rico, they exhibited less variation in call frequency with elevation because they had less variation in body size. Differences in call duration and rate between Hawaii and Puerto Rico reflected lower temperatures in Hawaii at similar elevations. While individual frogs are not louder in Hawaii, choruses may appear louder where densities are higher.
Corn Hybrid Interactions with Soil Nitrogen Level and Water Regime

Corn (Zea mays L.) producers are interested in quantifying interactions of hybrid, fertility and water regime production practices as they relate to grain yield and quality. This study was conducted to determine the interaction effects of corn hybrid with soil N level and water regime (WR) on grain yield, protein content (GP), kernel breakage susceptibility (KBS), kernel density (KD), and N use efficiency (NUE). In 1987 and 1988, a split-split plot designed experiment with six commercial corn hybrids, six soil N levels, and two water regimes (irrigated and nonirrigated) was conducted at Mead, NE, on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam soil (fine montmorillinitic, mesic Typic Arguidoll) (.)
Miniaturized SIW Cavity Tri-Band Filter Design

This letter presents a novel tri-band filter design using an ultraminiaturized substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity operated at evanescent mode. Two miniaturized SIW cavities in a face-to-face form are vertically stacked to build the proposed tri-band filter. The top and bottom metal layers form the cavity’s broadside walls, and the middle layer possesses three identical patches which are formed by evenly trisecting a circular patch. These patches are shorted to the cavity’s bottom wall through one, two, or four via-holes. The patches together with the host cavity exhibit three frequency-distinct resonances that create the filter’s triple passbands. The resonance frequencies are independently controlled, and six passband-edge transmission zeros are created for good selectivity. The filter size is only $0.22\,\,\lambda _{d} \times 0.22\,\,\lambda _{d}$ , and the measured in-band minimum insertion losses are 2.31, 2.25, and 3.01 dB for the first, second, and third bands, respectively. It is believed that the proposed tri-band filter has obtained the best circuit area efficiency in the SIW tri-band filter category.