Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mantle–melt partitioning of the highly siderophile elements: New results and application to Mars

Trace elements and extant and extinct isotopic attributes in Martian meteorites have been used to argue that Mars accreted quickly, differentiated into core and mantle, and established several mantle reservoirs, possibly within 10 Ma of T0. The partitioning of trace elements in the deep mantle has been relatively unstudied, despite the need for such knowledge in understanding magma ocean crystallization and the origin of depleted and enriched mantle reservoirs. The siderophile element composition of the Martian mantle and lithophile isotopic systems such as Sr, Hf, and Nd are thought to record evidence for early metal–silicate equilibrium and deep magma ocean at an intermediate depth and pressure of 800 km or 14 GPa. We have carried out experiments across this pressure range to better understand the mineral/melt partitioning of a wide range of elements. These new data are used to evaluate differentiation models for Mars and to help interpret the available isotopic data. The relatively incompatible nature of Re compared to mildly compatible Os means that the crystallization of a deep magma ocean will lead to residual liquids with superchondritic Re/Os, and solids with subchondritic Re/Os. Such material available in the mantle could be the source of enriched isotopic reservoir that produced shergottites with +γOs values. Slightly subchondritic Re/Os ratios in the crystallizing solids would provide a reservoir that could produce −γOs values. Melting of mixtures of these two enriched and depleted endmembers could explain the Nd‐Os isotopic correlations and systematics of shergottites.
Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis - Immunomodulatory Effects, Animal and Clinical Studies

This paper continues the review study on antimicrobial properties relevant to the periodontal diseases. Inflammation as a major response of the periodontal tissues attacked by pathogenic microbes can significantly exacerbate the condition. However, the bidirectional activity of phytochemicals that simultaneously inhibit bacterial proliferation and proinflammatory signaling can provide a substantial alleviation of both cause and symptoms. The modulatory effects on various aspects of inflammatory and overall immune response has been covered, including confirmed and postulated mechanisms of action, structure activity relationships and molecular targets. Further, the clinical relevance of flavan-3-ols and available outcomes from clinical studies has been analyzed and discussed. Among the numerous natural sources of flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins the most promising are, similarly to antibacterial properties, constituents of various foods, such as fruits of Vaccinium species, tea leaves, grape seeds, and tannin-rich medicinal herbs. Despite a vast amount of in vitro and cell-based evidence of immunomodulatory there is still much less studies using animal models and only a few clinical studies. Most of the studies, regardless of the used model indicated efficiency of these phytochemicals from cranberries and other Vaccinium species and tea extracts (green or black). Other sources such as grape seeds and traditional medicinal plants, were seldom. In conclusion, the potential of flavan-3-ols and their derivatives in prevention and alleviation of periodontitis is remarkable but clinical evidence is urgently needed for issuing credible dietary recommendation and complementary treatments.
Metagenomic analysis of intestinal microbiota in geese from different farming systems in Gunungpati, Semarang

The diversity of intestinal bacteria in geese correlates with environmental conditions, rearing methods, and consumed feeds. The intestinal bacteria composition is useful for the absorption of nutrition, improving the metabolism, and may be related to the immune system. This study was conducted to examine the intestinal bacteria composition and the diversity of maintained goose in aviaries and barns. This research was an observational exploratory. Five geese were taken purposively from local breeders in Gunungpati District, Semarang City. A total of 5 g of intestinal contents from each sample was used for microbial genome isolation. Then, the genome was amplified to collect 16S rRNA gene region V3-V4. The amplicons were then sequenced using the next generation sequencing (NGS) method (Illumina high-throughput sequencing; paired-end reads) and analyzed using QIIME2 to identify bacterial species. In addition, GC-MS was performed to identify and measure fatty acid contents in the intestinal. The results showed that both rearing and caged goose contained nine phyla of intestinal bacteria. The number of intestinal bacteria of barn geese (SU) reached 32,748 Operational Taxonomy Units (OTU); higher than aviary geese (SK), which was 11,646 OTU. The intestinal bacteria community in barn geese was approved by Phylum TM7 (Saccharibacteria candidate) (53.18%), followed by Firmicutes (32.51%) and Bacteriodetes (5.42%). Whereas on SK Firmicutes was compiled 49.3 4% of total OTU, TM7 (S. candidate) up to 21.17%, and Actinobacteria up to 15.99 %. The abundance of TM7 may contribute to high 9,12-octadecadienoic acid production, while Firmicutes was related to the high production of oleic acid. Based on these data, the reared geese had a more abundant diversity of bacteria than the caged one.
Structure and morphology of synthetic magnesium calcite

The X-ray crystal structure refinements of two synthetic calcite single crystals containing 3.1 and 5.7 mol% magnesium were carried out. The structure of the second crystal was also refined at –80 °C. No significant structural difference from biogenic magnesium calcite was found. Magnesium within the crystals of calcite forms a solid solution over the compositional range investigated. The principal axes of vibration ellipsoids at –80 °C resemble very closely those of calcite suggesting that the large thermal parameters in magnesium calcite reflect increased thermal vibrations more than positional disorder. The crystals of magnesium calcite express new rhombohedral faces due to the interaction of magnesium with growing crystals. The role of magnesium in the morphology of single crystal and globular aggregates of magnesium calcite is discussed in view of its possible relevance in both biomineralization and crystal growth.
The Shifting of Business Activities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Does Social Media Marketing Matter?

The implementation of physical or social distancing during the Covid-19 pandemic has an implication on the shifting of conventional to online business activities This study aims to explore how financial support, perceived benefits, external pressure determine social media marketing as well as understanding the role of internet and e-business technology (IEBT) that occurs in this relationship This study adopted a quantitative study with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-based variance Partial Least Square (PLS), which aims to enhance understanding of the relationship between variables The surveyed population of this study came from 123 small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners in East Java of Indonesia, using an online survey and selected with the convenience random sampling method The findings of this study indicated that the perceived benefits and external pressure have a positive effect on the adoption of IEBT However, financial support failed in explaining SMEs’ adoption of IEBT This study confirmed that the adoption of IEBT has successfully mediated the influence of financial support, perceived benefits, and external pressure on social media marketing Despite the samples solely collected from East Java, this study is the first step in research related to the social media marketing in SMEs in Indonesia © 2020 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons org/licenses/by-nc/4 0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited All rights reserved
Investigation of achievement and mistakes in analytical chemistry experiments

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of experiential learning on the achievements of prospective teachers in analytical chemistry quantitative analysis practices and to determine the mistakes made by prospective teachers in the experiments. Pre-test and post-test control group experimental research design was used. Data were collected by the analytical chemistry achievement test and laboratory form. As a result of the research, a significant increase was observed in prospective teachers’ levels of academic achievement. This finding can be explained as the experiential learning classroom environment, which will construct a community of practice like the scientists’ work. According to the results of the laboratory form, prospective teachers are more successful in multiple choice questions in the achievement test; however, they cannot show the same success in explaining the theoretical foundations of the experiment or detailing the calculation sections.
Variação sazonal da colonização de raízes de clones de híbridos de eucalipto por fungos micorrízicos no estado do Espírito Santo

This study was carried out in the field to evaluate root colonization of three Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla hybrids by mycorrhizal fungi as affected by soil conditions. Roots of three clonal trees, each five year old, were evaluated in regard to colonization by ectomycorrhizal and by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in three areas of the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil, at four different times (July and October, 1992; January and April, 1993). The percentage of mycorrhizal colonization was dependent on the area, time of sampling, and clone. Ectomycorrhiza occurrence was highest in summer - regardless of the area - when highest temperatures were recorded. The mean values of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, for the three areas, as a function of sampling time, did not show consistent variations. Correlations between values for soil chemical characteristics and colonization percentage were generally negative, when statistically significant. The spore numbers of arbuscular micorrhyzal fungi per gram of soil changed with area and time of sampling, reaching the highest values in the rainy period.
Islamic Banking Performance: A Bibliometric Review

Islamic banks (IBs) have been criticized as not being genuinely Islamic, and the methods in measuring their performances have been debatable. While the literature on IBs performance has been emerging, such studies precisely assess its recent development remains absent. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the development of scholarly articles that measure IBs’ performances. We employ bibliometric analysis and sample related articles from the Scopus database. We find that the development of IBs performance literature may be understood by 111 peer-reviewed journal articles, 4 conference papers, 1 book, and 1 book series. We analyze these materials based on publication sources, country and institution affiliation, keywords association, and cluster dendrogram. Our model that quantifies the keywords association and cluster dendrogram provides a novelty in assessing IBs performance literature development. Future studies may replicate our model to cluster and identify the keyword associations from the unstructured data sources.
Simultaneous or sequential? Multihoming launch strategies for mobile applications with consideration of promotion and switching costs

ABSTRACT As the number of apps in mobile application markets soars, platforms make significant promotion efforts to help new apps stand out. Some app developers adopt a sequential launch strategy with which they postpone launching the app in other platforms to be eligible for free promotion on the first-launch platform. We model an app developer that considers two platforms. Our results show that for the sequential launch strategy, the developer’s optimal pricing decisions rely on the switching costs to motivate users to adopt different purchase options. Surprisingly, if the switching costs are extremely high, the price on the second launch platform could exceed that on the first launch platform. In addition, we compare the sequential and simultaneous launch strategies and find that switching costs always play a vital role in developers’ launch decisions even when no user switches. Furthermore, developers may prefer the sequential strategy when the app quality is low due to low quality decay. Besides, we extend our model to a situation in which the app is free of charge. While this study focuses on the app market, our results can also be applied to game or video markets where similar phenomena exist.
A new multi-agent group-buying auction for automated VM-to-Customer mapping

ABSTRACT This paper aims to allocate cloud resources (i.e., Virtual Machines: VM) to customers by using an auction-based multi-agent system. Adding the concept of group-buying to auction makes the possibility of having more winners. Group-buying offers resources at a reduced price on the condition that the number of purchases reaches a minimum number. Subsequently, the rate of successful deals, the speed of reaching agreements and monetary utility of the participants (i.e., providers and customers) will be increased. Due to having a massive number of clients with different characteristics and providers with various VM types in the cloud environment, it is obligatory to make the process of group-buying auction fully automated. By doing this automation, customers will be relieved of serious troubles such as coalition for group-buying, comparing the resources, bidding at auctions and so on. Three main requirements of this automation are as follows: (1) clustering similar customers in rational groups, (2) selecting the most suitable resource for each customer/group of customers, and (3) bidding during auctions on behalf of each customer/group of customers. A particular algorithm for each one of these requirements is presented in this paper. Through simulation experiments, the results of evaluations showed how significantly the proposed cloud market system improved the success rate of customers, the average time taken in resource selection, the average of providers’ financial utility, and the average of customers’ financial utility.
Do age and time of practice predict the development of life skills among youth futsal practitioners?

150 words) (same order that title) The practice of sports has been considered one of the main tools for the life skills development among youth sport participants. This cross-sectional study investigated the predicting role of age and time of practice in the development of life skills among 207 male youth futsal practitioners from the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The instruments used were the Life Skills Scale for Sports and a semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted through Multivariate Analysis of Variance, Pearson’s correlation and Multiple Regression (p<.05). The results showed significant difference (p<.05; η2=.036-.142) in all life skills according to age group, evidencing higher scores for older adolescents. Further, more experienced adolescents showed higher scores at goal seating (p=.001, η2=.074); problems solving (p=.013, η2=.042), communication (p=.003, η2=.054) and total life skills (p=.002, η2=.057). There was significant (p<.05) and positive correlation between age and almost all life skills subscales. Multiple regression revealed only age presented positive prediction toward life skills. It can be concluded that age is a predictor of life skills development among youth futsal practitioners.
Mapping Deliberative Systems with Big Data: The Case of the Scottish Independence Referendum

Deliberative systems theorists have for some time emphasised the distributed nature of deliberative values; they therefore do not focus exclusively on ‘deliberation’ but on all sorts of communication that advance deliberative democratic values, including everyday political talk in informal settings. However, such talk has been impossible to capture inductively at scale. This article discusses an electronic approach, Structural Topic Modelling, and applies it to a recent case: the Scottish independence debate of 2012–2014. The case provides the first empirical test of the claim that a deliberative system can capture the full ‘pool of perspectives’ on an issue, and shows that citizens can hold each other to deliberative standards even in mass, online discussion. It also shows that, in deliberative terms, the major cleavage in the ‘indyref’ debate was not so much between Yes and No, but between formal and informal venues.
Microbial Small-Talk: Does Quorum Sensing Play a Role in Beer Fermentation?

Abstract Inter- and intraspecies communication between microorganisms is recognized to play an influential role across many relevant applications, such as bioethanol production, food preservation, bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and in the clinical environment. At high population densities, the accumulation of small hormone-like molecules in the extracellular environment has been demonstrated to play a role in transcriptional regulation of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. This mechanism enables independent cells, known as the quorum, to trigger coordinated, community-wide gene expression, increasing their prospect of survival in crowded and ever-changing conditions. This density-dependent phenomenon has been shown to influence community-wide behavioral factors, such as biofilm formation, virulence factor secretion, social motility, cellular adhesion, autolysis, secondary metabolite production, and nutrient uptake across a range of organisms. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aromatic alcohols 2-phenylethanol, tryptophol, and tyrosol have already been demonstrated to act as quorum sensing molecules under certain environmental conditions, such as low-nitrogen availability. This review discusses the underlying mechanisms of quorum sensing, with an emphasis on brewer's yeast, while offering insights into how cell density-dependent signaling could influence the commercial brewing industry.
Chemical and physical behavior of two Kentucky soils. I: Sodium-calcium exchange

Abstract Salt‐affected soils have been studied extensively with respect to their Na+‐Ca2+ exchange properties, hydraulic conductivity and reclaimability. For the most part, these studies have focused on soil environments of the arid west. Recently, however, due to the fact that irrigation has expanded to temperate U.S. regions and to the fact that oil well brines have become an environmental issue in Kentucky as well as elsewhere, there is a need to understand the sodicity and reclaimability of soils that have developed in temperate climates. In this study, two Kentucky soils (Pembroke and Uniontown) have been chosen to evaluate the influence of ionic strength, sodium adsorption ratio, and pH on the Vanselow exchange coefficient (Kv) and adsorbed ion activity coefficients. It is shown that the Pembroke soil has at least two classes of exchange sites and that their Na+‐Ca2+ exchange behavior is relatively independent of pH and ionic strength. Furthermore, for the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) range .
Acidity and Hydrophobicity of TS-1

This report investigates the causes of the unique properties and reactivity of the titanium silicalite TS-1, a commercial zeolite containing 1% Ti by weight. The combined analysis of calorimetric and adsorption data, cal−ad, for the reaction of TS-1 with pyridine shows the absence of the strong acid site found in HZSM-5 and the presence of only 0.07 mmol g-1 of a −15.1 kcal mol-1 hydrogen-bonding site. Titrations with 2,6-lutidine indicate the same number of hydrogen-bonding sites with a lower enthalpy (−9.8 kcal mol-1). The magnitude of these enthalpies indicate that the acceptor sites are hydrogen-bonding sites that are comparable in acidity to the strongest sites on silica gel. The small amounts of these sites, 0.07 mmol g-1 compared to 0.8 mmol g-1 in silica gel and 0.5 mmol g-1 for the hydrogen-bonding sites of HZSM-5, account for the lower affinity of TS-1 for water. The absence of strong acidity prevents epoxide ring opening and explains the utility of TS-1 in epoxidation. Comparison of the results.
Factors Influencing Student Satisfaction Towards Using Learning Management System Moodle

Higher education institutions are increasingly adopting leaning management systems (LMS) as a complementary tool in improving learning systems. The purpose of this study is explore the factors influencing students' satisfaction in Palestine Technical University-Khadoury (PTUK) in Palestine toward using the learning management system (Moodle). Six potential factors were used including perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, information quality, system quality, service quality, and computer self-efficacy. Surveying strategy was used to collect the required data; 372 questionnaires were analyzed using simple and multiple regression. The findings revealed that all the examined predictors had significant influence on students' satisfaction toward using LMS. These findings enrich the previous literature with input towards adopting learning management systems in higher education institutions. The authors recommended that the LMS at PTUK should be integrated with social media platforms, and designed in a way that allow it to work fully and properly on mobile phones.
Unresolved CFD and DEM Coupled Solver for Particle-Laden Flow and Its Application to Single Particle Settlement

In the present study, a single particle settlement was studied using a developed unresolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) coupling solver. The solver was implemented by coupling OpenFOAM, the open-source computational fluid dynamics libraries, with LIGGGHTS, the open-source discrete element method libraries. An averaging method using a kernel function was considered to decrease the grid dependency. For the drag model of a single particle, a revised volume fraction with a particle volume expansion coefficient was applied. Falling particles in a water tank were simulated and compared with the empirical correlation. A parametric study using several integrated added mass coefficients and volume expansion coefficients from low to high Reynolds numbers was carried out. The simulations which used the developed numerical methods showed significantly improved predictions of particle settlement.
Conversion of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel Fuel with Immobilized Candida Lipase on Textile Cloth

Abstract The characteristic of biodiesel fuel production from transesterification of soybean oil is studied. The reactant solution is the mixture of soybean oil, methanol, and solvent. A new lipase immobilization method, textile cloth immobilization, was developed in this study. Immobilized Candida lipase sp. 99–125 was applied as the enzyme catalyst. The effect of flow rate of reaction liquid, solvents, reaction time, and water content on the biodiesel yield is investigated. Products analysis shows that the main components in biodiesel are methyl sterate, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, and methyl linolenate. The test results indicate that the maximum yield of biodiesel of 92% was obtained at the conditions of hexane being the solvent, water content being 20 wt%, and reaction time being 24 h.