Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF RECTAL PROGESTERONE ON DOPPLER PARAMETERS OF THE UTERINE ARTERIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF PRETERM DELIVERY IN IRAQI POPULATION

Objective: The effectiveness of progesterone in the prevention of threatened preterm labor has been established for many years, but the preferable route, dose, and duration of treatment are until now under the evaluation of researches. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rectal progesterone on Doppler indices of the uterine arteries in pregnant women with threatened preterm delivery.Methods: A prospective case–control study was conducted at the obstetric ward and the Outpatients Department of Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad for the period of 1 year from April 1, 2017, to April 1, 2018. 100 women were enrolled in the study, 50 of them were pregnant women with a diagnosis of preterm labor assigned as a study group and the other 50 were apparently healthy pregnant women of the same gestational age assigned as a control group. Doppler study of uterine arteries was done to all participants, and the results were compared for both groups. The patients with preterm labor received nifedipine tocolysis initially until contractions subsided and Doppler study had been repeated for those women after 1 week of rectal progesterone therapy.Results: The study group had a significantly higher resistance index (RI) than the control group (0.58 vs. 0.52) as p<0.05, in spite of the pulsatility index (PI) being higher for the study group compared to the control group (0.78 vs. 0.77) but this difference was not statistically significant. The RI before the therapy (0.58) was significantly higher than the index after therapy (0.52), and the PI was again significantly higher before therapy (0.78) than after therapy (0.71) as p<0.05. During the follow-up period, 3 (6.5%), 4 (8.7), and 39 (84.8%) patients delivered within 1 week, after 1 week, and at term, respectively.Conclusion: Rectal progesterone can arrest threatened preterm labor, and this effect is possible in part explained by its action on uterine arteries.
C-Reactive Protein and High Blood Pressure are the Predictive Factors of Deciding the Surgical Treatment in Deep Neck Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Received March 8, 2018 Revised April 30, 2018 Accepted May 4, 2018 Address for correspondence Kyoung Rai Cho, MD, PhD Department of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01757, Korea Tel +82-2-950-1104 Fax +82-2-935-6220 E-mail elysion20@hanmail.net Background and Objectives In clinical settings, some deep neck infections may be managed by conservative treatment but some still require surgical treatment. In this study, we use univariate and multivariate analysis to discuss whether or not there are significant differences between conservative treatment and surgical treatment on patients with deep neck infections. Subjects and Method We conducted a retrospective analysis using medical records of 88 patients with deep neck infections from January 2010 to December 2015. Among 88 patients, 56 patients were managed by conservative treatment with antibiotics and 32 patients were managed by surgical treatment via transcervical approach with antibiotics. As for data analysis, Mann-Whitney U test and multiple logistic regression analysis was used. Results Age, duration from symptom onset to hospitalization, hospital days, incidence of underlying disease, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were found higher in the surgical treatment group than in the conservative treatment group. But there was no statistical significance except for the incidence of high blood pressure and CRP. Conclusion CRP and incidence of high blood pressure were significant predictive factors for choosing the surgical treatment in deep neck infection. Contrary to our expectations, the incidence of diabetes mellitus was not a significant factor that determined the treatment options for the patients with deep neck infection. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2018;61(9):472-7
Cardiorespiratory repercussions of the chest physical therapy in men with abdominal obesity and restrictive pulmonary disorders

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to compare cardiorespiratory effects in men with restrictive lung disorders, according to the abdominal circumference (AC), undergoing respiratory physical therapy. Materials and methods: Quasi-experimental study with a sample 26 men with forced vital capacity (FVC)pred <80%, who were divided into two groups: AC (cm) < 102 (ACfree_risk) and ≥ 102 (ACrisk). Heart rate variability (HRV), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood pressure (BP), lung capacities and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax) were measured at rest (T1), immediately after physical therapy intervention (T2), which consisted of breathing exercises for pulmonary expansion, active kinesiotherapy to lower and upper limbs, and after 30 min (T3). The statistical tests used were ANOVA and independent t tests (p < .05). Results: ACrisk had the highest values for slow vital capacity (SVC), inspiratory capacity (IC), PEmax and systolic BP (p < .05); there was an increase in HRV (T2), SpO2 (%) [95.0 (2.5) to 96.6 (1.4)] and IC (l) [2.4 (0.5) to 2.7 (0.6)] (T3). Conclusions: Men with restrictive respiratory disorders and AC ≥102 has higher values in the inspiratory capacities and arterial pressure level, and benefit from respiratory physiotherapy by differential increase in IC.
Bullying and ostracism in youth with and without ADHD: implications for risk and resilience

ABSTRACT Objective: This study compared bullying experiences, psychosocial adjustment, and resiliency in youth with and without ADHD. Method: Participants included 73 youth ages 12–17 with and without ADHD. Participants and their caregivers completed the Bullying and Ostracism Screening Scale, Pediatric Symptom Checklist, and Fitness and Flourish Scale. Results: There were no significant group differences in youth self-report for rates of bullying experiences or psychosocial adjustment. In contrast, caregivers reported significantly higher levels of victimization experiences (bullying and ostracism) and psychosocial maladjustment for youth with ADHD. Youth who reported increased victimization experiences also reported significantly more internalizing symptoms and lower levels of resilience, irrespective of ADHD diagnosis. Conclusion. The diagnosis of ADHD did not confer increased risk for bullying or ostracism according to youth self-report. In contrast, caregivers of youth with ADHD reported increased risk for victimization and higher rates of psychosocial maladjustment. Potential reasons for these inter-rater differences are discussed.
Effect of Spiritual-Religious Intervention on Illness Perception in Women with Breast Cancer

Safoora Davari, Isaac Rahimian Boogar, Siavash Talepasand, Mohamad Reza Evazi 1 Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and educational sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. 2 Department of educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and educational sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. 3 Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Subscapularis Insufficiency: What’s All the Fuss About?

There has been increase attention to the surgical treatment of the subscapularis (SSC) tendon with risk of postoperative dysfunction and early failures following shoulder arthroplasty. Studies investigating the clinical results after shoulder arthroplasty indicate that SSC tendon detachment or incision techniques and rehabilitation concepts may impair SSC recovery and consequently the postoperative function. In response to these results, technical modifications have been proposed and evaluated anatomically, biomechanically, and clinically. The aim of this article is to give an overview of current SSC take-down approaches, subsequent repair techniques, and postoperative rehabilitation protocols as well as to present the diagnostic algorithm and clinical impacts of the increasingly acknowledged condition of SSC insufficiency following shoulder arthroplasty procedures.
Patients’ Perception of Informed Consent for Surgical Operations in Kuwait

Background Informed consent is part of every surgeon’s daily practice. Surgical patients often need accurate information about their operation. The most important goal of informed consent is to inform patients about risks, benefits and expectations of the operation and help the patients make the final decision about their healthcare. Objective: To assess the patients’ perception of informed consent for surgical operations and to determine their expectations about the information given in Kuwait. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2016 in all six governmental general hospitals and two private hospitals in the state of Kuwait. 805 adult patients hospitalized in surgical departments participated in the study by completion of self-administered questionnaires about their perception of informed consent. Results: The mean age of participants was 35.6 years, males constituted 48.3% of the sample, 49.2% were Kuwaiti residents, 79.2% were secondary or higher educated and 73.4% were married. 69.9% of patients believed that it was a legal requirement. While, 37.0% thought that signing the consent meant waving their rights to any compensation, 72.3% thought that the consent form protects the patient's rights. 72.9% believed that signing the consent form confirms that the operation and its effects have been explained to them. 76.4% signed the consent form so that they can undergo the required operative procedure. 82.0% believed that consent forms are necessary, while 59.5% believed that consent forms protect the doctor against being sued. Many of the patients (78.5%) thought that, a relative could sign on their behalf, if they can’t sign the consent form, 57.6% of the patients were happy to allow doctors to determine their treatment but they wanted to know about their condition, the treatment and the important side effects. 26.5% wanted to make final decision themselves after discussion of pros and cons of the treatment. Only 15.9% trusted their doctor to take the right decision and did not think that detailed explanation was necessary. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that informed consent was perceived differently by patients, which seems that consent procedures appear inadequate and hence consenting in its current form is not informed and should be re-evaluated to achieve patient autonomy.
COLOR VISION DEFECT AND TOOTH SHADE SELECTION AMONG NIGERIAN DENTAL PRACTITIONERS

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to assess the prevalence of color defect and the mode of tooth shade selection among dental practioners. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred self administered questionnaires were sent to all the dentists in the six dental schools in Nigeria. The color vision status of the respondents was assessed using Isihara test. The investigators were calibrated for examining the numbers in the plates by comparing the results of Isihara test administered to them and were adjudged not to be color blind. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 11. Analysis used included frequencies cross tabulation, chi-square analysis and Fisher’s exact tests. RESULTS: The prevalence of color blindness among Nigerian dentists working in teaching hospitals was found to be 6.3%. The prevalence was higher in males (8.4%) than in the females (3.9%) giving a male female ratio of 2.2:1. Color vision defect was highest among Pedodontists (33.3%), followed by Oral surgeon (8.3%) and general dental practice (6.5%). None in Conservative dentistry and Prosthodontics have color vision defect. Majority of those with color vision defect usually select color with concurrence from other dentist. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of color defect among dentists in Nigeria is high compared to other studies. Dentists should be screened for color vision defect before they choose their specialty.
Lutein and the Aging Eye

Lutein is a carotenoid highly concentrated in the macula of the retina. Lutein cannot be synthesized and must be supplied in the diet, for example, dark green leafy vegetable and egg yolk. Lutein is believed to absorb blue light, leading to the protection of retina from light-related damage. It can also protect the retina against oxidative stress and inflam mation. In fact, dietary and supplementary lutein have been shown to be associated with possible reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of elderly blindness, attributed largely to lutein’s antioxidant properties. Lutein is also beneficial as a nutritional supplement in preventing diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, lutein is very safe and widely used. In this chapter, we will discuss the basic chemistry of lutein; its uptake, transport, distribution, and functions in the normal eye. Lastly, the effects of lutein in age-related eye diseases will be summarized.
A clinical study on effect of Plantago in gingivitis by assessing bleeding and plaque index

Background: Gingival inflammation and plaque formation are a major health problem in worldwide. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the variation of parameters of bleeding and plaque index (PI) in Gingivitis before, during and after intervention with Plantago. Materials and Methods: Thirty gingivitis patients were divided into two groups: control and test groups. Subjects were instructed to use toothpaste twice daily using the bass method up to 6 months. Clinical data were assessed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months which include an analysis of PI, Gingival Index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Results: Over a period of 6 months, there was a significant reduction in all the clinical parameters which includes GI, PI and BOP in test group with t-test (P = 0.001). i.e., Plantago showed significant effect compared to the control group. Repeated-measures ANOVA also showed a significant difference (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: There is a significant mean reduction in PI, GI and BOP in gingivitis before, during and after homoeopathic treatment with Plantago.
Clinical and demographic study of scrub typhus in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry during 2015-2018

Background: Scrub typhus is a vector borne rickettsial disease commonly found in many parts of India. Scrub typhus can frequently cause complications like pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and has a mortality rate of 30 to 45% in untreated cases. Diagnosis of scrub typhus is difficult, with serum IgM capture ELISA being the most sensitive test. Present study objectives were to study the clinical and demographic profiles of scrub typhus cases in a tertiary care teaching hospital in the Union Territory of Puducherry, India.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out to analyze clinical and demographic profiles of patients who were positive for IgM antibodies against Orientia tsutsugamushi by scrub typhus IgM ELISA during a three year period (April 2015 to March 2018). Demographic details like age and sex of the patients, clinical signs, symptoms and complication if any were analyzed.Results: A total of 428 patients were found to have been diagnosed with scrub typhus during the study period. Among them, 46% were males and 54% were females. Among all the positive cases, 23.5% were paediatric cases, the second highest group was the 31 to 40 years age group (17.7%). Thirteen percent of positive cases were above 60 years of age. Fever was the most common symptom (92.9%) and eschar was found in 22.9% of patients. The most common complication found in the patients with scrub typhus was acute respiratory distress syndrome (15.9%). Other complications like hepatic dysfunction, pleural effusion and meningoencephalitis were noted.Conclusions: Adequate knowledge about scrub typhus helps in early diagnosis, which facilitates early appropriate antibiotic and supportive therapy, which helps in the recovery of the patient without acquiring complications.
Risks of Using Internal Thoracic Artery Grafts in Patients in Chronic Hemodialysis via Upper Extremity Arteriovenous Fistula

Background— In patients in chronic hemodialysis via upper extremity arteriovenous fistula in whom ipsilateral internal thoracic artery graft was used for myocardial revascularization, hemodynamic interference between the fistula and the graft during dialysis can be hypothesized. Methods and Results— In 5 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis via upper extremity arteriovenous fistula, ipsilateral to an internal thoracic to left anterior descending graft mammary flow was studied by means of transthoracic echo-color Doppler at baseline and during hemodialysis. Flow in the contralateral mammary artery was used as control. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in concomitance with flow evaluation to assess eventual modifications of left ventricular segmental wall motion. Immediately after hemodialysis pump start there was a marked reduction of peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities and time average mean velocity and flow in the ITA ipsilateral to the fistula, whereas no substantial hemodynamic mo.
Coffee consumption and risk of esophageal cancer incidence

Background: In epidemiologic studies, association between coffee consumption and esophageal cancer risk is inconsistent. Objective: The aim of tjis study was to evaluate the effect of coffee on esophageal cancer by combining several similar studies. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis for association of coffee intake and esophageal cancer incidence. Eleven studies, including 457,010 participants and 2628 incident cases, were identified. A relative risk (RR, for cohort study) or odds ratio (OR, for case–control study) of heavy coffee drinkers was calculated, compared with light coffee drinkers or non-drinkers. The analysis was also stratified by cancer types (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma), sex, and geographic region. Results: The summarized OR of having esophageal cancer in heavy coffee drinkers was 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73–1.12), compared with light coffee drinkers. When stratified by sex, pathologic type of esophageal cancer, and type of epidemiologic study, we did not find any association of coffee consumption and esophageal cancer incidence. However, an inverse association between coffee consumption and incidence of esophageal cancer was found in East Asia participants with OR of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.44–0.83), but not in Euro-America participants (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.81–1.29). Conclusion: There is a protective role of coffee consumption against esophageal cancer in East Asians, but not in Euro-Americans.
Irrational use of antibiotics in the Moshi Municipality Northern Tanzania: a cross sectional study

Introduction Irrational use of antibiotics includes prescription of incorrect doses, self-medication and treatment of non-bacterial illness. As a direct consequence of irrational antibiotic use, resistance to the commonly available antibiotics has been increasing rapidly. This phenomenon is associated with poorer health outcomes, longer hospitalization, increased cost to both the patient and government, and increased mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of, and examine factors associated with, irrational use of antibiotics in the Moshi municipality, Northern Tanzania. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study between April and May 2017 in the Moshi municipality. Twelve drug outlets, of which five were pharmacies and seven accredited drug dispensing outlets (ADDOs), were selected at random. On exiting these outlets, all adults who had purchased antibiotics were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Results A total of 152 adults were enrolled in this study. The median (QR) age was 31 years (25-42). The majority, 94 (61.8%), of the participants were female. ADDOs contributed 81 (53.3%) and pharmacies contributed 71 (46.7%) of all participants. Overall, 135 (88.8%) of antibiotic purchases were irrational. The most prevalent form of irrational antibiotic use was non-prescription usage; 116 of the 152 (76.3%) purchases fell in this category. Purchases of the incomplete dosage and purchases for non-bacterial illness were also widespread. Poor knowledge about the use of antibiotics had a significant association with irrational use of antibiotics (aOR=5.1, 95% CI: 1.80-15.15). Conclusion Irrational use of antibiotics is highly prevalent in this population. Non-prescription use of antibiotics is the most prevalent form. Poor knowledge about antibiotic use plays a significant role in irrational antibiotic use. There is a need to review the accessibility of antibiotics in drug outlets.
Blood Volume Status in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Relation to Complaints

Four studies have compared a possible decrease in circulating blood volume in Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients when compared to a healthy population. A more recent study has proven a correlation between RBC volume and OI in chronic OI patients without being diagnosed ME/CFS. The aim of the present study was to relate measured blood, RBC and plasma volumes (absolute and percent normalized) with the orthostatic intolerance complaints in ME/CFS patients. In the included 11 female ME/CFS patients, percentage decrease in normalized blood, RBC and plasma volume was similar for all three components: 83% ± 12%, 83% ± 12% and 83% ± 11%, respectively. In patients with a clinical suspicion of OI (n = 7) all 3 volume components were significantly lower compared to patients without clinical suspicion of OI (n = 4). The difference percentage to normalized Blood volume was 77(7) vs 94(10) (p-value < 0.02), difference percentage to normalized RBC volume was 76(7) vs 96(10) (p-value < 0.01) and difference percentage to normalized plasma volume was 77(7) vs 93(10) (p-value < 0.05) in OI present versus absent. Plasma volumes were plotted against RBC volumes: the relation found was RBC volume = 0.99* Plasma volume + 1.55; p < 0.001; r = 0.90. In line with literature data, this pilot study shows that total blood volume and its components: RBC and plasma volume may be reduced in ME/CFS patients, especially in the presence of a clinical suspicion of OI.
Commissioning and evaluation of a radiochromic EBT3 film dosimetry system

Abstract Purpose This work reports our study to commission a radiochromic film dosimetry system using the timely EBT3 film. We carried out dosimetric evaluations on different characteristics of photon beams (e.g., flatness, symmetry and penumbra) in radiation dose delivery. Materials and Methods A Varian linear accelerator producing 6 and 15 MV photon beams with 120 multi-leaf collimator was used in this study. PTW ionisation chamber was used to measure the beam characteristics such as symmetry, flatness and penumbra and these measurements were used to commission the radiochormic EBT3 film dosimetry system. The results of irradiated films were analysed using the radiochromic film QA Pro software 2016. Results The measured film doses were analysed at two different colour channels (green and red) using two scanning geometries (i.e., upper or lower side of film facing the scanner light source) at two dose levels (10 and 40 Gy). The difference between the ionisation chamber and film results was found insignificant and within the acceptable range as per the World Health Organisation standard. Conclusion Results of the comparison between the ionisation chamber and film measurements show that our radiochormic EBT3 film dosimetry system is reliable and cost-effective in the output measurement of a linear accelerator. Our measurements confirm that our EBT3 film dosimetry agreed well with the ionisation chamber, and can be used as a re-validation tool for linear accelerator quality control.