Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Punctured logarithmic maps

We introduce a variant of stable logarithmic maps, which we call punctured logarithmic maps. They allow an extension of logarithmic Gromov-Witten theory in which marked points have a negative order of tangency with boundary divisors. As a main application we develop a gluing formalism which reconstructs stable logarithmic maps and their virtual cycles without expansions of the target, with tropical geometry providing the underlying combinatorics. Punctured Gromov-Witten invariants also play a pivotal role in the intrinsic construction of mirror partners by the last two authors in arXiv:1909.07649, conjecturally relating to symplectic cohomology, and in the logarithmic gauged linear sigma model in upcoming work of the second author with Felix Janda and Yongbin Ruan.
Views of Psychosocial and Organizational Dimensions: The Case of Two Elementary School Leaders

Using a case study approach, the authors explored psychosocial and organizational dimensions of leadership among two elementary school leaders (principals) in Southern California. At each school, interviews with the school's principal as well as two key informants were conducted, and we analyzed the findings based on principals' mental models, self-efficacy, and immunities to change. Using Kellar and Slayton's leadership framework, we considered how psychosocial and organizational leadership contexts fostered conditions to promote organizational change. The findings for this study highlight some of the conditions principals believed were important for organizational improvement as well as challenges faced. Findings indicate that psychological and organizational dimensions reveal complexities of educational leadership by providing a fine-grained portrait of leadership and organizational learning. A study implication is that leaders must not only have time for reflection but also be open to identifying their immunities that may deter efforts at growth and change. Research directions are proposed, including further exploration of how leaders' efforts are shaped by their contexts as well as particular challenges experienced in the role.
Epigenome-based splicing prediction using a recurrent neural network

Alternative RNA splicing provides an important means to expand metazoan transcriptome diversity. Contrary to what was accepted previously, splicing is now thought to predominantly take place during transcription. Motivated by emerging data showing the physical proximity of the spliceosome to Pol II, we surveyed the effect of epigenetic context on co-transcriptional splicing. In particular, we observed that splicing factors were not necessarily enriched at exon junctions and that most epigenetic signatures had a distinctly asymmetric profile around known splice sites. Given this, we tried to build an interpretable model that mimics the physical layout of splicing regulation where the chromatin context progressively changes as the Pol II moves along the guide DNA. We used a recurrent-neural-network architecture to predict the inclusion of a spliced exon based on adjacent epigenetic signals, and we showed that distinct spatio-temporal features of these signals were key determinants of model outcome, in addition to the actual nucleotide sequence of the guide DNA strand. After the model had been trained and tested (with >80% precision-recall curve metric), we explored the derived weights of the latent factors, finding they highlight the importance of the asymmetric time-direction of chromatin context during transcription. Author Summary In humans, only about 2% of the genome is comprised of so-called coding regions and can give rise to protein products. However, the human transcriptome is much more diverse than the number of genes found in these coding regions. Each gene can give rise to multiple transcripts through a process during transcription called alternative splicing. There is a limited understanding of the regulation of splicing and the underlying splicing code that determines cell-type-specific splicing. Here, we studied epigenetic features that characterize splicing regulation in humans using a recurrent neural network model. Unlike feedforward neural networks, this method contains an internal memory state that learns from spatiotemporal patterns – like the context in language – from a sequence of genomic and epigenetic information, making it better suited for characterizing splicing. We demonstrated that our method improves the prediction of spicing outcomes compared to previous methods. Furthermore, we applied our method to 49 cell types in ENCODE to investigate splicing regulation and found that not only spatial but also temporal epigenomic context can influence splicing regulation during transcription.
A G ] 1 3 M ar 2 02 0 LOCALIZATIONS OF THE CATEGORY OF A ∞ CATEGORIES AND INTERNAL HOMS

We prove that the localizations of the categories of dg categories, of cohomologically unital and strictly unital A∞ categories with respect to the corresponding classes of quasiequivalences are all equivalent. Moreover we show that the last two localizations are equivalent to the corresponding quotients by the relation of being isomorphic in the cohomology of the A∞ category of A∞ functors. As an application we give a complete proof of a claim by Kontsevich stating that the category of internal Homs for two dg categories can be described as the category of strictly unital A∞ functors between them.
Influence of Altitude and Environmental Temperature on Muscle Functional and Mechanical Activation After 30' Time Trial Run

espanolEl objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si la altitud y la temperatura ambiental influyen en la activacion funcional y mecanica, en el nivel muscular, despues de 30' de carrera contrarreloj. Veinte hombres fisicamente activos (edad = 20,4 ± 3,21 anos, VO2max = 47,2 ± 5,2 ml/kg/min) realizaron 30' de carrera contrarreloj (30'TT) en tres diferentes condiciones de altitud y temperatura: condicion control [CC] (1137 msnm, 26 ± 1.5 °C), condicion caja y calor [HLC] (3 msnm, 30.5 ± 0.6 °C) y condicion de altura y frio [CHC] (2369 msnm, 14.2 ± 0.6 °C). Tensiomiografia (TMG), salto contramovimiento (CMJ) y dolor muscular de aparicion tardia (DOMS) se midieron antes y despues de la carrera. Durante los 30'TT, se calcularon la distancia, la velocidad, la frecuencia cardiaca (FC), el esfuerzo percibido (RPE) y el indice de estres termico (WBGT). Los principales resultados muestran una disminucion significativa en el peso corporal y un aumento significativo tanto en el DOMS como en la altura de salto en CMJ, despues de correr en cada condicion. Las respuestas de TMG aumentaron el desplazamiento muscular radial maximo (Dm) y el tiempo de contraccion muscular (Tc), en el recto femoral y en el biceps femoral, luego de correr. Durante el 30'TT, los resultados no mostraron una diferencia significativa en el RPE, la FC, distancia y velocidad entre las condiciones. En conclusion, la altitud y la temperatura parecen no afectar significativamente las respuestas mecanicas y funcionales despues de 30' de carrera contrarreloj, a pesar de la tendencia de la condicion HLC de disminuir la activacion y el desempeno de la prueba. EnglishThe purpose of this study was to explore the influence of altitude and environmental temperature on muscle mechanical and functional activation after 30' Time Trial run (30' TT). Twenty physical active males (Age= 20.4 ±3.21 years, VO2max= 47.2 ±5.2 ml/kg/min) performed a 30' TT in three different conditions of altitude and temperature: Control Condition [CC] (1137 m.a.s.l. at 26 ±1.5°C), Heat-Low Condition [HLC] (3 m.a.s.l. at 30.5 ±0.6°C), and Cool-High Condition [CHC] (2369 m.a.s.l. at 14.2 ±0.6°C). Tensiomyography (TMG), Countermovement Jump (CMJ), and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) were measured pre and post running. During the 30' TT, distance, speed, heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and thermal index (WBGT) were measured. Results show a significant decrease in body weight and a significant increase in DOMS and jump height in CMJ after running in each condition. TMG responses increased maximum radial muscle displacement (Dm) and decreased muscle contraction time (Tc) both rectus and biceps femoris muscles after running. During the 30' TT, the results did not show a significant difference in RPE, HR, distance, and speed among conditions. In conclusion, altitude and temperature seem not to significantly affect the mechanical and functional responses 30' TT, despite the tendency of HLC to decrease both activation and performance.
The association between microcytic anemia and spirometric parameters • Endothelial dysfunction in children with clinically stable and exacerbated asthma • Evaluation of the quality of life after surgical removal of lung cancer

Introduction: Microcytic anemia is a type of anemia with smaller than normal red blood cells. Iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia are some of the major causes. The aim of the study was to compare the pulmonary function of the subjects with microcytic anemia to the respective results of the normal population. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study in Bandar Abbas, Iran, conducted on the patients attending yearly occupational health checkups. Complete blood cell count and a standard spirogram were attained from each consenting participant and occupational histories of exposure to dust, fumes, solvents, and noxious gases were obtained. Results: At last, 2,199 subjects were included in the analysis, of which 335 cases had microcytic anemia. There was a significant association between having microcytic anemia and forced vital capacity (FVC) reduction, and to a lesser degree, the reduction of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1). These parameters were also significantly increased together with the rise of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in the sample population. Conclusion: It can be concluded that having microcytic anemia may reduce some spirometric parameters. Even though these changes are small, adjusting for the reduced values can help prevent an overestimation of lung disorders, mostly in borderline cases.
zk-SNARKs: A Gentle Introduction

Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-interactive Arguments of Knowledge (zk-SNARKs) are non-interactive systems with short proofs (i.e., independent of the size of the witness) that enable verifying NP computations with substantially lower complexity than that required for classical NP veriﬁcation. This is a short, gentle introduction to Zero-Knowledge Arguments and zk-SNARKs. It recalls the history of proof systems in cryptography and try to give an idea of their importance, the evolution of the soundness notion, the way zk-SNARKs burst into cryptography and some well-known constructions.
Pediatric fractures of the facial skeleton: a survey of 85 cases from Kaduna, Nigeria.

: A survey of 1,447 cases of fractures of the facial skeleton from Kaduna, Nigeria, showed that 85 cases (5.9%) occurred in children younger than 13 years. The lowest incidence recorded was in the group of patients younger than age 3 but there was a gradual increase up to the age of 13 years, with the highest incidence occurring in the 12- to 13-year-old age group. The male-to-female ratio was 2.1 to 1. The site distribution in descending order of frequency was body of the mandible, mandibular condylar process, angle of the mandible, malar and nasal complexes, maxilla, and ascending ramus of the mandible. Most of the fractures were immobilized by simple methods, and union was achieved within two to six weeks. Of the 12 fractures of the condylar process, ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint developed in six; in addition, two had mandibular undergrowth.
Empirical Evidence on the Relationship between Coparenting and Temperament: A Systematic Review of the Literature

The aim of this review was to analyze the empirical studies that have measured temperament and coparenting. Accordingly, we sought to answer the question: “What is the relationship between the variables of coparenting and temperament in empirical studies, considering the diff erent theoretical approaches, the diff erent instruments used and families with children between zero and 11 years of age? ” The databases chosen for this review were VHL-Psi, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The VHL-Psi database was searched, however, no articles were found. A total of 28 articles were selected, which were analyzed in their entirety and described regarding the number of participants, method, instruments used and other variables measured. The results regarding the relationship between coparenting and temperament were organized into six categories. Only two articles indicated a lack of signifi cant relationships between the two variables. Temperament as a predictor of coparenting and the moderating role of coparenting as a risk and protection factor were highlighted. Bidirectional relationships between variables were addressed in only three articles and the lack of studies in this direction was evident. Diff erences in the coparenting of fathers and mothers highlight the importance of gender discussions.
An Explanation of Happiness with Secure Attachment, Basic Psychological Needs and Hope: The Case of Turkish University Students

In this study we aimed to investigate the role of hope, secure attachment with the parents, and satisfaction levels of the basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness) of university students in predicting their happiness levels. A total of 558 university students were recruited and 70% of them were female and 30% of them were male. Ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 29. The data were collected in classroom settings using personal information form, the Oxford Happiness Scale, the Attachment with the Parents Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs Scale, and the Dispositional Hope Scale. Results indicated that that the satisfaction levels of the competence needs were the most powerful predictor of happiness among university students. The satisfaction levels of autonomy, relatedness needs, and a secure attachment to the father, along with hope contributed little to the explanation of happiness; whereas, a secure attachment to the mother was not a predictor of happiness of the university students. The findings were discussed within the framework of the developmental characteristics of university students and the characteristics of collectivist societies.
The Emerging Landscape of Explainable Automated Planning & Decision Making

In this paper, we provide a comprehensive outline of the different threads of work in Explainable AI Planning (XAIP) that has emerged as a focus area in the last couple of years and contrast that with earlier efforts in the field in terms of techniques, target users, and delivery mechanisms. We hope that the survey will provide guidance to new researchers in automated planning towards the role of explanations in the effective design of human-in-the-loop systems, as well as provide the established researcher with some perspective on the evolution of the exciting world of explainable planning.
The effect of tax audits on Swedish small and medium-sized firms’ compliance: evidence from random audits∗

This paper studies the direct deterrent effect of random tax audits on Swedish small and medium-sized firms’ subsequent compliance. Using rich administrative data from the Swedish Tax Agency, it is shown that the audits lead to an increase in compliance, measured as final tax paid, during at least three subsequent years. Both the magnitude and the dynamics of the effect vary considerably across different groups of firms. Among limited companies, the mechanical effect (i.e., the direct tax revenue from the audits) during the year of audit is not statistically significant, but is both statistically and economically significant during the years after the audit. For sole proprietorships, the result is the opposite: a statistically and economically significant effect during the audit year and no effects on compliance behaviour later on. To further study the mechanisms driving the effect, I investigate the roles of firm age at the time of audit and whether or not the firm had an auditor one year prior to the tax audit. The results show that the effect is driven by firms who were founded at least five years prior to being audited. Moreover, a separate analysis among limited companies reveals that the effect is found only among firms who employed an auditor prior to being randomly selected for a tax audit. Finally, a cost-revenue analysis shows that the tax revenue increase due to the audits on average notably exceeds the costs, consisting of estimates of the direct labor costs
Influence of genomic architecture on the performance of association mapping : application to ascites syndrome in broiler chickens

The availability of high-density genome panels, comprised of SNP data, for the majority of livestock species, has led to considerable growth in the development and investigation of association mapping methodology in recent years. Locating markers that are linked to loci affecting genetic variation is thought to be a promising approach to identifying genetic control for traits of interest. Whilst initial findings were promising, genome-wide association studies have struggled to identify markers explaining high proportions of genetic variation for the majority of complex traits analysed. This thesis has two main objectives that are complementary to one another. The first is to identify QTL associated with susceptibility to ascites syndrome in populations of broiler chickens. The second consists of the investigation and development of alternative association mapping models and a comprehensive evaluation of the influence of genetic architecture on the performance of these models. Ascites is a metabolic disorder characterised by the accumulation of fluid within the peritoneum and is one of the most common disorders affecting broilers raised in commercial conditions. The thesis begins with a QTL analysis aimed at identifying genetic loci that influence susceptibility to ascites. The constraints and limitations of the methodology are discussed, and alternative methods investigated using real and simulated datasets. Amongst the conclusions, is the identification that model performance is strongly influenced by localised genetic architecture of the causal variants and markers used by the models. Identifying how this architecture influences
Listener adaptation to foreign-accented English

This study investigated talker-independent perceptual learning of a foreign accent by exposing native English listeners to Chinese-accented English and then testing their perception of English produced by a novel Chineseaccented talker. Training conditions involved exposure to either a single or multiple Chinese-accented talkers. Control conditions involved either no training or task training with native English talkers. A talker-specific training condition in which the training talker was the same as the Chinese-accented test talker was also included. Results showed better performance on the posttraining test with the Chinese-accented talker after both the single and multiple talker training conditions relative to the no-training control. However, test performance following single talker training was equivalent to post-test performance following the task training condition (training with native English talkers), demonstrating a strong task familiarity effect. Performance following the multiple talker training was significantly better than following either the single talker or the task training conditions, and was equivalent to performance following the talkerspecific training. These findings suggest that, with exposure to sufficient variability, listeners can develop highly generalized cognitive representations of Chineseaccented speech.
Temporal Dimensions of Robbery 1 Temporal and Spatial Dimensions of Robbery : Differences across Measures of the Physical and Social Environment

Objectives: Given the evidence that crime events exhibit both a spatial and a temporal pattern, we explore whether certain social and physical environment characteristics have varying relationships with crime at different times of day. Methods: We assess this temporal question using a flexible nonlinear parametric approach on a large sample of street segments (and surrounding spatial area) in Southern California. Results: There are different temporal and spatial patterns for key measures. The presence of total employees in the surrounding area is associated with a reduced robbery risk during the daytime, but not at night. The risk of a robbery is elevated on a high retail segment on weekends during the daytime, and on high restaurant segments into the early evening on weekends. Furthermore, the presence of retail and restaurants in the surrounding area (evidence of shopping districts) was associated with elevated robbery risk in the afternoon and well into the evening. Conclusion: These different temporal patterns indicate the possibility of different mechanisms in operation.
Factors Affecting Small-scale Sugarcane Production In Nkomazi Local Municipality In Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

As the South African government forges ahead with its plans for land redistribution, there have been questions raised around factors that currently affect smallholder farmers’ productivity as a means of preparing for the perceived future increase in farmer numbers. Answering these questions is critical for the sugarcane industry that holds a strategic value in South Africa. The present study uses Nkomazi Local Municipality, a prominent sugarcane production area, as a case study to answer some of these questions. The yield and socio-economic characteristics of 127 small-scale sugarcane farmers from the area were collected during one-on-one interviews and the former variable regressed against the later using the Cobb-Douglas production function. The average farmer in the sample produced 201 tonnes of sugarcane, on six hectares of land, applied 13.4 kg of fertilizer per hectare and employed seven labourers. The results of the regression analysis revealed the age of the farmer, farm size, fertilizer quantity, Land Bank’s credit provision, the use of sprinkler irrigation, and land ownership significantly affected the yield of respondents. In light of the findings, the study recommends that efforts be increased to provide the production inputs (fertilizer and land), affordable credit, and advanced and affordable technological inputs as these were found to increase output. Furthermore, the study recommends that farmers’ access to credit be increased in order to increase their agricultural output.