Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines (Pfizer, AstraZeneca) in Saudi Arabia, Eastern Province

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus has wreaked havoc on the planet, causing death and illness. Effective vaccination to eradicate the virus is the best approach to safeguarding the globe from it. Our study is considered one of the earliest studies conducted to determine the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. We started data collection from May 2021 till September 2021, which was the beginning period of vaccine distribution in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to look at potential side effects and factors that contribute to their occurrence. Methods: The optimal study design for achieving our goals was survey-based. Following Institutional Review Board approval, we created an online self-administered questionnaire using the Google survey webpage (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States). We disseminated the survey to 2293 individuals from May 2021 till September 2021 in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia, to males and females above the age of 18 who have been vaccinated by either Pfizer or AstraZeneca in one dose or two doses. Results: The most prevalent side effect was pain at the injection site (60.7%), followed by general fatigue (23.8%) and swelling at the injection site (16.7%), with shortness of breath being the least common (0.9%). When the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine side effects was compared to the socio-demographic characteristics of participants, we discovered that those without associated comorbidity (p=0.025) and non-smoking participants (p=0.009) showed more side effects. On the other hand, those who received Pfizer vaccine (p0.001) and those who exercised regularly (p0.001) had lower rates of COVID-19 vaccine side effects. Also, obesity was shown to be the most commonly related disease in terms of comorbidities (8.5%), followed by allergy (4.9%) and asthma (4.6%). Conclusion: We find that vaccination against COVID-19 has only minor adverse effects. Therefore we anticipate that this study will assist in dispelling rumors about dangerous side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Vitamin D Supplementation on Unexplained Early Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

: Background: A low level of vitamin D is strongly correlated with a decreased calcium level, which in turn leads to inadequate mineralization of bones with subsequent development of rickets in children or osteoporosis in adults. It results not only in bone deformation, but also in high susceptibility of falls and bone fractures. Thus, proper vitamin D supplementation according to recent standards is essential for maintenance of the body homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to clinically assess the effect of empirical vitamin D supplementation on unexplained recurrent early pregnancy loss. Methods: This study was a prospective study (Clinical trial study) which included 80 women suffered from unexplained RPL. They were selected carefully from outpatient clinic in Banha University Hospitals. Results: Parity showed a significant difference between both groups; it ranged from 0-2 in group A and from 0-3 in group B. No significant differences were noted between both groups regarding age. No CMV, toxoplasmosis, or rubella infections were reported in both groups. HCT was significantly higher in group A (37.3 %) compared to group B (36.3%). No positive APA was detected in both groups. Abortion showed non-significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D minimize the incidence of abortion among women with unexplained recurrent early pregnancy loss, but this decrease was not significant. The effects of vitamin D on the immune regulation of RPL indicate that vitamin D might be used as an alternative therapy in the future.
Anti-Spike antibodies 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster dose in patients on hemodialysis: the prospective SENCOVAC study

ABSTRACT Background Patients on hemodialysis are at high-risk for complications derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present analysis evaluated the impact of a booster vaccine dose and breakthrough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on humoral immunity 3 months after the booster dose. Methods This is a multicentric and prospective study assessing immunoglobulin G anti-Spike antibodies 6 and 9 months after initial SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients on hemodialysis that had also received a booster dose before the 6-month assessment (early booster) or between the 6- and 9-month assessments (late booster). The impact of breakthrough infections, type of vaccine, time from the booster and clinical variables were assessed. Results A total of 711 patients [67% male, median age (range) 67 (20–89) years] were included. Of these, 545 (77%) received an early booster and the rest a late booster. At 6 months, 64 (9%) patients had negative anti-Spike antibody titers (3% of early booster and 29% of late booster patients, P = .001). At 9 months, 91% of patients with 6-month negative response had seroconverted and there were no differences in residual prevalence of negative humoral response between early and late booster patients (0.9% vs 0.6%, P = .693). During follow-up, 35 patients (5%) developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antibody titers at 9 months were independently associated with mRNA-1273 booster (P = .001), lower time from booster (P = .043) and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (P < .001). Conclusions In hemodialysis patients, higher titers of anti-Spike antibodies at 9 months were associated with mRNA-1273 booster, lower time from booster and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection.
An X-ray view of quasars

I present an overview of observational studies of quasars of all types, with particular emphasis on X-ray observational studies. The presentation is based on the most popularly accepted unified picture of quasars - collectively referred to as AGN (active galactic nuclei) in this review. Characteristics of X-ray spectra and X-ray variability obtained from various X-ray satellites over the last 5 decades have been presented and discussed. The contribution of AGN in understanding the cosmic X-ray background is discussed very briefly. Attempt has been made to provide up-to-date information; however, this is a vast subject and this presentation is not intended to be comprehensive.
Preservice Middle School Mathematics Teachers’ Development of Flexibility and Strategy Use by Geometric Thinking in Dynamic Geometry Environments

The current study, aimed to examine the development of flexibility and strategy use through instructional sequence encouraging the preservice middle school mathematics teachers’ geometric thinking and problem-solving performance on dynamic geometry environment. Mixed-method research design was used in the study. The study was conducted with 46 preservice middle school mathematics teachers selected by criterion sampling strategy. The data were collected through the tests including open-ended and multiple-choice questions. In the quantitative part of the study, it was attempted to identify whether the tasks affect problem solving skills and geometric thinking. The said individuals participated in six-week instructional sequence designed by the tasks of geometric constructions performed by GeoGebra. For the qualitative part, document analysis technique was used in order to illustrate the ways of this effect in detail and illustrate the development of flexibility and strategy use. It was observed that tasks by DGE improved the preservice middle school mathematics teachers’ scores of problem-solving and geometric thinking. Also, they solved the problems by representing the properties of higher thinking levels than the levels they had before participating in the instructional sequence enacted by GeoGebra. It is believed that this could encourage the improvement of their flexibility and strategy use.
A multi‐variable model for explaining long‐term commitment to volunteering among COVID‐19 volunteers

Abstract The aim of the study was to test variables that explain long‐term commitment to volunteering among volunteers in the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Israel. Long‐term commitment to volunteering was tested by the participants’ evaluation of the stability, consistency, and intensity of their volunteering over time. Two theoretical frameworks served for explaining commitment to volunteering: the social‐structural approach and the psychological characteristics approach. The sample was comprised of 504 Jewish participants: 173 men and 331 women. The data were collected via structured questionnaires distributed by nonprofit volunteer organizations. The most significant contribution to explaining long‐term commitment to volunteering, in all its forms, was for psychological characteristics reflected in emotions during the pandemic and in the motives for volunteering, the volunteer's gender, level of education, and tendency to volunteer during routine times. Volunteer organizations should focus on cultivating a large and motivated population of volunteers to maintain long‐term volunteering during emergencies and in routine times.
Frequency-Based Correction of Finescale Parameterization of Turbulent Dissipation in the Deep Ocean

AbstractAmong the existing finescale parameterizations of turbulent dissipation rates, the Gregg–Henyey–Polzin (GHP) parameterization is thought to produce the most accurate estimates of turbulent dissipation rates since it takes into account distortions from the Garrett–Munk (GM) spectrum using the shear/strain ratio . The GHP parameterization, however, applies the single-wave approximation to infer turbulent dissipation rates in broadband internal wave spectra with a multiplication factor up to 3, so as to adjust the predicted value at to the theoretical value for the GM spectrum. Because of this multiplication, the GHP parameterization overestimates the dissipation rates for . This study explores the possibility of further improvements of the GHP parameterization and reformulates the parameterization to make it applicable to both 1) a narrowband frequency spectrum characterized by a prominent near-inertial peak () and 2) a broadband frequency spectrum like the GM (). Furthermore, the performance of the.
Estimation of the Quality of some Fermented Dairy Products in Cairo and Giza Governorates

A total of twenty samples of different types of Zabady and Raybe milk were collected from local markets in Cairo and Al-Giza governorates and stored in the refrigerator at 5±1°C. Microbiological, physicochemical, and rheological properties of collected samples were studied at the beginning, middle , and end of storage period. The results showed that the average values of acidity, pH, Viscosity, Syneresis, Water Holding Capacity (WHC%) and Radical Scavenging Activity (RSA%) of fresh samples ranged from 0.72±0.02 to 0.82±0.04%, 4.52±0.05 - 4.61±0.02, 3393±7.00 - 8535±9.00 cP, 2.70±0.04 - 3.88±0.07 (ml/5g), 20.70±0.18 - 45.92±0.19% and 14.69±0.13 - 21.62±0.12% , respectively. The collected fresh samples contained 11.25±0.15 - 14.86±0.19 % total solids. Microbiological analysis revealed that the collected fresh samples contained 7.95 to 8.52 (log cfu/g) lactic acid bacteria, 2.16 to 2.62 (log cfu/g) Coliform Bacteria and 2.25 to 2.33 (log cfu/g) Yeasts and Molds. The hardiness and gumminess of the high-fat traditional zabady samples were higher than the rest of the zabady samples, while the springiness, cohesiveness , and chewiness in the industrial zabady samples were higher than the traditional zabady. As the storage period progressed, chemical, physical, microbiological , and rheological changes occurred.
Enhancement of Domain Wall Pinning in High-Temperature Resistant Sm2Co17 Type Magnets by Addition of Y2O3

In this study, the effects of Y2O3 addition on the magnetic properties, microstructure and magnetization reversal behavior of Sm(Co0.79Fe0.09Cu0.09Zr0.03)7.68 magnet were investigated. By addition of Y2O3, the coercivity was increased from 21.34 kOe to 27.42 kOe at 300 K and from 5.14 kOe to 6.27 kOe at 823 K. A magnet with a maximum magnetic energy product of 9.86 MGOe at 823 K was obtained. With the interdiffusion of Y and Sm after appropriate addition, the Cu content within the cell boundary phase close to the oxide was detected to be nearly twice as high as that away from the oxide. We report for the first time that a collection of lamellar phases were formed on both sides of the inserted oxide, providing a strong pinning field against magnetic domain wall motion based on in-situ Lorentz TEM observation. Furthermore, the ordering process of the original magnet was delayed after Y2O3 addition, resulting in the refinement of cellular structure, which can also enhance the domain wall pinning ability of cellular structures based on micromagnetic simulation. However, excessive addition of Y2O3 led to large Cu-rich phase and Zr-rich impurity phase precipitated at the edge of the oxide, resulting in the destruction of cellular structures and a significant reduction in coercivity. This study provides a new technical approach to regulate the microstructure of Sm2Co17 type magnets. Addition of Y2O3 is expected to play a significant role in improvement of high temperature magnetic properties.
Modeling biological age and its link with the aging process

Abstract Differences in health status at older ages are a result of genetic predispositions and physiological responses to exposure accumulation over the lifespan. These vary across individuals and lead to health status heterogeneity as people age. Chronological age (CA) is a standard indicator that reflects overall risks of morbidity and mortality. However, CA is only a crude proxy for individuals’ latent physiological deterioration. An alternative to CA is biological age (BA), an indicator of accumulated age-related biological change reflected in markers of major physiological systems. We propose and validate two BA estimators that improve upon existing ones. These estimators (i) are based on a structural equation model (SEM) that represents the relation between BA and CA, (ii) circumvent the need to impose arbitrary assumptions about the relation between CA and BA, and (iii) provide tools to empirically test the validity of assumptions the researcher may wish to invoke. We use the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–1994 and compare results with three commonly used methods to compute BA (principal components—PCA, multiple regression—MLR, and Klemera–Doubal’s method—KD). We show that SEM-based estimates of BA differ significantly from those generated by PCA and MLR and are comparable to, but have better predictive power than KD’s. The proposed estimators are flexible, allow testing of assumptions about functional forms relating BA and CA, and admit a rich interpretation as indicators of accelerated aging.
Gender-based views of FL classroom management among October 6 University pre-service teachers

The current study investigated the views of FL pre-service teachers, at the faculty of education October 6 University, of FL classroom management specifically how their views differ in terms of gender. One hundred fourth-year FL pre-service teachers at the faculty of education, October 6 University were randomly nominated to participate in the current study. The participants were divided into two groups according to gender. The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design. A 30-item questionnaire was developed to assess the participants’ views of classroom management. The quantitative approach included the use of descriptive statistics (e.g. frequency, mean scores and standard deviation) for the purpose of analyzing the participants’ views of FL classroom management. One way analysis of variance was also employed to verify the statistically significant contribution of gender to the participants’ views of FL classroom management. Moreover, the qualitative approach was used to analyze the various views of male and female participants regarding the FL classroom management. Results showed the participants’ different views of classroom management. In addition, gender was found to be a statistically significant contributor to the participants’ variance in viewing classroom management.
Analysis of Energy Conversion within a Radial Turbine Stage

The results of a detailed study of energy conversion within a radial turbocharger turbine stage are presented in this paper. A 2.5D simulation is conducted near the optimum running point in order to construct the local aero thermodynamic flow field and the associated mechanical energy production within the rotor. Then, a complementary analysis of the flow led within each of the turbine sub-blocks is summarized. The simulation uses models of losses which are studied locally with a multi-dimensional approach and then reduced in 1D description (models reduction) allowing establishment of a global turbine performances map. The evaluation of losses appears to be particularly troublesome within such small machines. Losses due to flow-blade profile mismatch which represent a large source of energy dissipation are modeled by way of the entropy balance. The results are compared and validated in accordance with the experiments that were conducted on special turbocharger tests rigs and on a Diesel truck engine test bench.
First camera trap record of Striped Hyena Hyaena hyaena (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) in Parsa National Park, Nepal

The Striped Hyena occurs in the Tarai and midhill regions of Nepal, where limited information is available on species distribution. A camera trap survey was conducted in Parsa National Park in 2016 (Feb–May) and 2016–2017 (Nov–Feb) to monitor tigers at 158 locations for 21 days (6,615 trap efforts in total). This study successfully captured the 15 hyena images in 5 grids of eastern part (named as extension area) of national park. A total of 17 mammal species were captured simultaneously in hyena captured grid during the survey period. The presence of hyenas in Parsa National Park indicates the collective efforts of the government, conservation organizations and local communities in hyena conservation. A detailed ecological study of this species has been recommended for designing hyena conservation plan in the region.
Exploration of Risk Attitude of Vegetable Farmers in Kerala, India

The study was conducted in Alappuzha, Thrissur, Palakkad and Idukki districts of Kerala, India during 2020–2021 to analyse the risk attitude of vegetable farmers. The study examined the personal and social characteristics of respondents and the association of these characteristics with risk attitude. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 270 vegetable farmers from 6 panchayats representing the Special Agricultural Zones for vegetables in Kerala. Collected data were analyzed using statistical methods like mean, Kruskal-Wallis test, correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. The study revealed that majority (74.07%) of the farmers belonged to a medium category of risk attitude. Majority (55.18%) of the farmers were in the age group of 35−55 years, 46.29% had gone up to middle school, 72.59% of the farmers had an area below 2.31 acres and 67.4% respondents were engaged in vegetable farming and allied works and 54.07% had economic water scarcity. It was noticed that majority of the respondents were in the low category in the case of vegetable farming experience (61.48%), annual income (55.56%), innovative proneness (56.67%), economic motivation (56.3%), extension participation (70%), social participation (94.44%) and high category with regard to credit orientation (53.7%). Correlation analysis revealed that variables area under vegetable cultivation, education, annual income, irrigation potential, extension participation, innovative proneness, economic motivation and social participation were positively and significantly corelated with risk attitude of respondents at 1% level and at 5% level. Regression analysis revealed that 60% of the variation in farmer risk attitude was explained by the independent variables.
Effects of a Gamified MALL Application on Developing EFL Preparatory School Students’ Speaking and Enjoyment and Reducing Speaking Anxiety

The present study investigated the effect of utilizing Duolingo, a MALL (Mobile-Assisted Language Learning) gamified application, on Egyptian second year preparatory school students’ EFL speaking skills. The study also explored the impact of Duolingo on boosting foreign language enjoyment and alleviating speaking anxiety. The study examined the correlation between speaking, foreign language enjoyment, and speaking anxiety. To participate in the study, 60 EFL students from a preparatory female school were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 each: one experimental and one control. A speaking test and a questionnaire were administered as part of the mixed-methods study. The post-test results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of the overall speaking competence and five sub-skills between the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. In the post-administration of the questionnaire, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in language enjoyment, favoring the experimental group. The results also indicated that the participants in the control group were more anxious than their counterparts in the experimental group. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between speaking anxiety and enjoyment, a positive correlation between speaking performance and enjoyment, and a strong negative correlation between speaking anxiety and speaking. According to qualitative data from open-ended questions in the questionnaire and interviews, the experimental group perceived Duolingo favorably in terms of reducing speaking anxiety, enhancing foreign learning enjoyment, and developing their speaking skills. The current study provided implications and recommendations for future research.
Analyzing the past and prospecting the future: Review and research agenda on social business and its stakeholders

The objective of this study is to analyze the international scientific production on social business and its stakeholders. For that, a bibliometric analysis of the publications indexed in the Web of Science during the last 10 years was performed, with the help of VOSviewer. The main results indicate a representative growth in the last 5 years. There is a predominance of research in North America, in the Social Enterprise Journal and with a predominance of studies on social innovation. The study contributes by presenting a future research agenda focused on the need for empirical studies and on topics such as: social marketing, social impact metrics and indicators, social inclusion, social alliances and social value.