Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association overweight and obesity with dietary habits and some socio-demographic variables among students in Southern Technical University

Overweight/obesity is a health problem that many young people suffer from, as a result of their unhealthy eating habits and changing their lifestyles, especially when they move to university life and makes them responsible for preparing their food meals. This study aims to find out the relationship between the dietary habits of university students and body mass index. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 randomly selected students (simple random sample) from Southern Technical University (College of Health and Medical Technology, Administrative Technical College, Technical College of Engineering, and Basrah Technical Institute). Data collection lasted for . 6 months that started on November 2021 and ended on April 2022. Data were collected by direct interview with students by the researcher, using a detailed self-report questionnaire form . Use the height and weight scale to determine the body mass index . Regarding of food habits, use a questionnaire containing items related to the food habits and lifestyle that followed by the student. The results of our study showed that the lifestyle and dietary habits of Southern Technical University students, in addition to some demographic variables, had a significant effect on body mass index.
Who Became Lonely during the COVID-19 Pandemic? An Investigation of the Socioeconomic Aspects of Loneliness in Japan

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted social and economic aspects of people’s lives in different ways, causing them to experience different levels of loneliness. This study examines the extent of loneliness among men and women of various ages in Japan during the pandemic and attempts to determine the underlying causes. We used data from Hiroshima University’s nationwide survey conducted before and during the pandemic in Japan. The sample consists of 3755 participants, of which 67% are men and 33% are women with an average age of 51 years (SD = 13.64). Using mean comparison tests and probit regression models, we show that loneliness is a common occurrence among the Japanese population and that a significant number of people became lonely for the first time during the pandemic. In general, loneliness was greater among younger respondents, but older people became lonelier during the pandemic. Simultaneously, we observed significant differences in loneliness across age and gender subsamples. Although depression and subjective health status contributed to loneliness, we found no single explanation for the loneliness experienced by people during the pandemic; rather, subsample analysis revealed that the causes of loneliness for each group differed. Nevertheless, we discovered that older people are at a higher risk of developing loneliness during the pandemic due to a variety of socioeconomic and behavioral factors. The findings of this study suggest that health authorities should not generalize cases of loneliness, but rather intervene individually in each group to avoid further complications.
Factors Associated with the Participation of Older Adults in Cultural and Sports Activities

In the context of population aging, we have witnessed an increased interest in studying the participation of older persons in cultural and sport activities. The aim of this paper is to identify the participation rate in cultural and sports activities among Romanian older adults and the sociodemographics/behavioral variables that correlate with the participation rate in cultural and sports activities. In order to answer our research questions, we employed a questionnaire-based survey, and we used a nationally representative sample. Results point to low participation in both cultural and sports activities. Gender, residence, education, income, degree of mobility, internet connection, and availability of financial resources are significant variables that correlate with the engagement of older people in cultural and sports activities. Our study could serve as a base for concrete policy measures in the field of health and social inclusion of older persons.
Angiosperm Diversity in the Semiarid Region of Ceará State, Brazil, with Emphasis on Caatinga Species

We examined the taxonomic diversity of native angiosperms in the semiarid region of Ceará State, Brazil, emphasizing species occurring in Steppic Savanna. The diversity of native angiosperms comprises 120 families, 604 genera, and 1,443 species. Fabaceae was the most taxonomically diverse family, while Croton (Euphorbiaceae) was the most species rich genus (33 sp.). Steppic Savanna species account for 58% of all angiosperms recorded in Ceará State, and 41% of all species listed for that phytophysiognomy in Brazil. An update of the species richness within the Steppic Savanna of Ceará State phytogeographical area is provided, also indicating distribution data for other phytophysiognomies in Ceará.
Expression Profile of mRNAs and miRNAs Related to the Oxidative-Stress Phenomenon in the Ishikawa Cell Line Treated Either Cisplatin or Salinomycin

The oxidative stress phenomenon is a result of anticancer therapy. The aim of this study was the assessment of gene expression profile changes, and to determine the miRNAs regulating genes’ transcriptional activity in an Ishikawa endometrial cancer culture exposed to cisplatin or salinomycin, compared to a control culture. The molecular analysis comprised the microarray technique (mRNAs and micro RNA (miRNA), the real-time quantitative reverse transcription reaction (RTqPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reactions, and Western blot. NR4A2, MAP3K8, ICAM1, IL21, CXCL8, CCL7, and SLC7A11 were statistically significantly differentiated depending not only on time, but also on the drug used in the experiment. The conducted assessment indicated that the strongest links were between NR4A2 and hsa-miR-30a-5p and has-miR-302e, MAP3K8 and hsa-miR-144-3p, CXCL8 and hsa-miR-140-3p, and SLC7A11 and hsa-miR-144-3p. The obtained results suggest that four mRNAs—NR4A2, MAP3K8, CXCL8 and SLC7A11—and four miRNAs—hsa-miR-30a-5p, hsa-miR-302e, hsa-miR-144-3p and hsa-miR-140-3—changed their expressions regardless of the chemotherapeutic agent used, which suggests the possibility of their use in monitoring the severity of oxidative stress in endometrial cancer. However, considering the results at both the mRNA and the protein level, it is most likely that the expressions of NR4A2, MAP3K8, CXCL8 and SLC7A11 are regulated by miRNA molecules as well as other epigenetic mechanisms.
Bioactivity-Guided Screening of Antimicrobial Secondary Metabolites from Antarctic Cultivable Fungus Acrostalagmus luteoalbus CH-6 Combined with Molecular Networking

With the increasingly serious antimicrobial resistance, discovering novel antibiotics has grown impendency. The Antarctic abundant microbial resources, especially fungi, can produce unique bioactive compounds for adapting to the hostile environment. In this study, three Antarctic fungi, Chrysosporium sp. HSXSD-11-1, Cladosporium sp. HSXSD-12 and Acrostalagmus luteoalbus CH-6, were found to have the potential to produce antimicrobial compounds. Furthermore, the crude extracts of CH-6 displayed the strongest antimicrobial activities with 72.3–84.8% growth inhibition against C. albicans and Aeromonas salmonicida. The secondary metabolites of CH-6 were researched by bioactivity tracking combined with molecular networking and led to the isolation of two new α-pyrones, acrostalapyrones A (1) and B (2), along with one known analog (3), and three known indole diketopiperazines (4–6). The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were identified through modified Mosher’s method. Compounds 4 and 6 showed strong antimicrobial activities. Remarkably, the antibacterial activity of 6 against A. salmonicida displayed two times higher than that of the positive drug Ciprofloxacin. This is the first report to discover α-pyrones from the genus Acrostalagmus, and the significant antimicrobial activities of 4 and 6 against C. albicans and A. salmonicida. This study further demonstrates the great potential of Antarctic fungi in the development of new compounds and antibiotics.
Bridge Scour and Stream Instability Countermeasures

Stream instability is characterized by lateral or vertical instability. Such instability has led to the failure of bridges and loss of life. Lateral instability is caused by lateral migration of the stream or river, while vertical instability can be caused by a combination of contraction scour, long term aggradation or degradation, and local scour. Countermeasures for stream instability and scour are discussed for either existing or new bridges and are recommended for use by the Federal Highways Administration (FHWA).
Immediate Maxillary Full-Arch Rehabilitation of Periodontal Patients with Terminal Dentition Using Tilted Implants and Bone Augmentation: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: All-on-four protocols with tilted implants in the maxilla are used to rehabilitate the terminal dentition of the severe generalized periodontitis patients. Data on long-term biological complications are scarce. Methods: Eighty-four axial and forty-six tilted immediate implants have been placed in the extraction sockets of 23 patients according to a four–six implants protocol combined with ridge augmentation. Within 72 h, a provisional prosthesis was cemented to the implants; after 6 months, a cemented ceramic–metallic prosthesis was delivered. The patients were followed for up to 5 years. Results: The 5-year survival rate of the straight and tilted implants was 100% and 97.8, and the prosthetic one was 100%. Marginal bone loss (MBL) of the straight implants was 0.42 ± 0.67 and 0.59 ±1.01 mm on the mesial and distal sides; for the tilted, it was 0.37 ± 0.68 and 0.34 ±0.62 mm, and the differences were not statistically significant. Implant position, smoking, keratinized mucosal width, and cantilever did not affect MBL. Peri-implant mucositis involved 29.4% and 22.2% of the straight and tilted implants, respectively; peri-implantitis involved 5.8% and 4.4% of the straight and tilted implants, respectively, without statistical significance. Conclusions: This immediate loading protocol’s 5-year survival and success rates were high. No difference between the straight and tilted implants was found regarding survival, success rates, and MBL.
Corporate Social Responsibility as an Alternative Approach to Financial Risk Management: Advantages for Sustainable Development

Using the example of the COVID-19 global crisis (2020), we prove the low effectiveness of the existing approach to managing the financial risks of investments based on commercial investments. For this, we performed an applied quantitative study based on the statistics from the World Bank for 2020 and the Forbes Global 2000 ranking in 2021, using as an example 17 developing countries with lower-middle and upper-middle incomes from different regions of the world. As an alternative, we suggest a new approach for managing the financial risks of investments, which is based on corporate social responsibility. It implies the placement of long-term, large-scale investments in social and ecological innovations based on the mechanism of public-private partnership. We substantiated the high effectiveness and advantages of the new approach. The new approach to financial risk management amid a crisis was more effective (in comparison with the existing approach) for businesses (ensures higher return on investments, allows avoiding losses), the government (contributes more to economic growth, the probability of which achievement is higher), and for society (supports SDGs to a larger extent and contributes to sustainable development). This paper contributes to the development of the Theory of Investments (Neo-Keynesianism) and fills a gap in the literature, bridging the gap between the Theory of Investments and the Theory of Sustainable Development—outlining the perspectives of the simultaneous overcoming of economic crises and supporting sustainable development during the management of financial investment risks based on corporate social responsibility.
Assertive, Directive, and Expressive Illocutionary Speech Acts in Hitam Putih at Trans 7 Edition 2018

This research is motivated by the presence of many interesting words to study, namely many words that have the function and meaning of speech acts. The aims of this research are to (1) identify the forms of the assertive, directive, and expressive illocutionary speech acts in Hitam Putih at Trans 7, (2) describe the meaning of the assertive, directive, and expressive illocutionary speech acts in Hitam Putih in Trans. 7, and (3) identify the function of the assertive, directive, and expressive illocutionary speech acts in Hitam Putih at Trans 7. This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods are used to analyze words and describe them, while quantitative methods are used to count the amount of data on the assertive, directive, and expressive speech acts. The results of this study are assertive speech acts as much as 38%, informing as much as 23%, saying as much as 23%, expressing sympathy as much as 8%, and expressing opinions as much as 8%. There are directive speech acts of asking for information as much as 60%, ordering as much as 25%, and giving advice as much as 15%. There are expressive speech acts of insulting as much as 58%, saying thank you as much as 33%, praising as much as 25%, and congratulating as much as 8%.
Low-Velocity Impact Response of Auxetic Seamless Knits Combined with Non-Newtonian Fluids

Low-velocity impact can cause serious damage to the person or structure that is hit. The development of barriers that can absorb the energy of the impact and, therefore, protect the other side of the impact is the ideal solution for the pointed situation. Auxetic materials and shear thickening fluids are two types of technologies that have great capabilities to absorb high levels of energy when an impact happens. Accordingly, within this study, the combination of auxetic knits with shear thickening fluids by the pad-dry-cure process was investigated. It was observed that, by applying knits with auxetic patterns produced with denser materials and combined with the shear thickening fluids, high performance in terms of absorbed energy from puncture impact is obtained. The increment rates obtained are higher than 100% when comparing the structures with and without shear thickening fluids.
E valuating the Effects of Land Use Spatial Structure on Pedes trian's Mental Safety in Urban Mahalla layouts Using Space Syntax (Case Study: Manzariye and Bazar Mahallas in Tabriz, Iran)

ABS TRACT: The primary purpose of this research is to inves tigate the effect of land-use spatial configuration and s treet network s tructure on people's mental safety in local contexts. A review of various theoretical frameworks demons trates a feasible causal relationship between morphology and the psychological dimension of safety. Hence, this paper emphasizes the assessment of the effect of urban land configuration, which influences the movement behavior of residents, on the psychological safety of residents of mahallas. This research begins with a review of the literature to identify the gap in the theoretical literature and carry out the problem-finding to obtain an analytical model of research to examine the proximity of uses introduced in three types of proximity. Then, parameters will be evaluated in this framework using the software. The research inves tigates variables' interactions based on Space Syntax, spatial parameters of connectivity value, spatial integration/segregation, attractive uses, movement behavior, density, and mahallas' main and peripheral centers. The results indicate that the safety of urban areas depends on how uses are located and, consequently, on the movement behavior of users'. The comparison of the two mahallas showed that compared to Bazar, Manzarie offers a better arrangement of uses in the inner axes and sub-nodes. It es tablishes an appropriate spatial relationship between its various gravity points, thus bringing about various movement behaviors. Therefore, it displaces more people in the axes connecting different uses, allowing surveillance and spatial dynamics.
The Negative Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on Behavioral Problems of Children in Kinship Care: The Protective Role of Kinship Caregivers’ Mental Health

This study aims to examine the (a) prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among children in kinship care; (b) relationships between the number and type of ACEs and children’s internalizing and externalizing problems; and (c) moderating role of kinship caregivers’ mental health on the relationships between ACEs and children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. A sample of children in kinship care (N = 224) obtained from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II was used. Ordinary least squares regression models were conducted. Results indicated that neglect followed by parental substance abuse were found to be the most prevalent of the ACEs. Child neglect, sexual and emotional abuse, and parental substance abuse were significantly associated with child internalizing problems, whereas sexual and emotional abuse were significantly associated with child externalizing problems. The total number of ACEs and experiencing three or more ACEs were significantly associated with child externalizing problems. Kinship caregivers’ mental health significantly moderated the relationships between neglect, sexual abuse, and child internalizing problems. Caregiver’s mental health also moderated the relationships between emotional and sexual abuse, neglect, and children’s externalizing problems. Findings suggest the importance of addressing ACEs and the need for mental health services to both kinship caregivers and children in kinship care.
Post-Endodontic Pain after Root Canal Treatment of Symptomatic Teeth with Mtwo and Safe Sider Multiple File Systems: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Considering the increasing popularity of rotary files among dental clinicians and the emergence of several types of rotary systems, clinical trials are necessary to compare these systems from various aspects. Objectives: This study compared post-endodontic pain following the use of Mtwo and Safe Sider multiple file system. Methods: A total of 150 maxillary and mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were selected. Their root canals were randomly instrumented with hand files, Mtwo and Safe Sider instruments. The severity of postoperative pain was assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean postoperative pain score significantly decreased in all three groups over time. The mean pain score at 12 and 24 hours post-treatment was significantly higher in the Safe Sider group compared to the other two groups. At 6, 48 and 72 hours, no significant difference was noted in the severity of pain among the three groups. Conclusions: Postoperative pain is significantly higher at 12 and 24 hours following endodontic treatment with Safe Sider compared to the conventional hand instruments and Mtwo system.
Duration of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cochlear Implantation: A Systematic Review

Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly given to all patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery. However, currently, there is no consensus if prophylactic usage of antibiotics in cochlear implantation accords any benefit and if the duration of such use varies according to the surgeon’s experience or institutional preference. A systematic review was conducted to gather evidence on ideal duration for antibiotic prophylaxis recommended for patients undergoing cochlear implantation. We registered the protocol in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021235079) and reported the systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement. Of the 278 screened articles, 6 full-text original articles satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included. There were a total of 2081 participants in these 6 retrospective studies and all studies except 1 included both adult and pediatric populations. Antibiotic therapy was given as intervention, either as single dose or multiple doses, and compared with other group(s) receiving either no antibiotic prophylaxis or a different duration of prophylaxis. Three studies did not find any significant difference between infection rates when a different duration of antibiotic prophylaxis was given, while 2 studies found a single dose to be more efficacious, and yet another study concluded that a longer duration of antibiotic prophylaxis was more beneficial. Based on the available data, the ideal duration of post-operative antibiotic therapy to be given after cochlear implant surgery could not be defined. However, administrating a single dose of intraoperative antibiotic seems to be the most consistent practice so far.
A Taguchi based iterative wing structural design for a low speed, hybrid UAV

An iterative structural design process for the conventional, composite wing of a low speed, hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is presented in this paper. The relevant design goals are light weight, strength and stiffness derived from the customer specifications, conceptual design and STANAG-4671 airworthiness standards. To achieve the design goals, a modified Taguchi model was applied in conducting iterative Finite Element Analysis of the loads and stresses on the wing model, using ABAQUS CAE. In this analysis, the pitch of the rib and thicknesses of the spar and skin were applied as control factors in three levels, leading to an L9 orthogonal array. Mass, maximum deflection and Tsai-Hill failure index of the wing structure were measured as responses. The result shows that varying the skin thickness had the most impact on the wing mass, failure index and maximum deflection. The design goal of wing mass- less than 2.5kg, deflection of 10% and Tsai-Hill failure index value- less than 1 were achieved after 9 iterations.
The impact of employment protection on
 FDI
 at different stages of economic development

There has been much debate on how to design employment protection regulations that balance the need to attract FDI on the one hand and to protect workers’ rights on the other hand. This study explores this ‘dilemma’, using a multi-country dataset for 2003 to 2015 and treating hiring and firing regulation and the other explanatory variables as endogenous. The findings indicate that flexible hiring and firing regulations (HFRs) is essential for FDI promotion in the early stages of economic development of a country; but the impact of labour market flexibility on FDI gradually decreases and eventually turns statistically insignificant with economic advancement. In other words, a flexible HFRs are more important for developing countries, but such flexibility does not have to be sustained in a ‘race to the bottom’ manner: once a country reaches higher income levels, it has more room to focus on labour standards to protect workers without compromising on the attractiveness of the country for FDI.