Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Step-by-Step Machining of Cylindrical Worms with a Preset Axial Profile

In practice, worm surfaces are most often shaped as cone-derivative helical surfaces. Much less often, due to engineering difficulties, torus-derivative or other helical surfaces are used. Whereas, worms are most commonly machined with rotary tools by the hobbing method, whereby the tool action surface and the machined surface (being mutually enveloping) contact with each other over the entire profile height. In the case of the step-by-step method, the tool is a small-diameter finger mill, whose action surface is coupled with the surface being machined, thus it is an universal tool. As a result, it is possible to shape a helical surface with a preset arbitrary axial profile using the same tool. The machining is carried out in many passes on a CNC machine tool. The paper discusses the determination of the parameters of tool setting in the worm axial plane for the programming of a CNC machine tool.
OTT_A_348382 201..213

1Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 3Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
The Impact of Regional Financial Capability during the COVID-19 Pandemic towards Regional Fiscal Capacity

Regional fiscal capacity is the region’s ability reflected in regional revenue, consisting of own-source revenue (PAD), fiscal balance transfers, and other legitimate regional revenues. This study aims at analysing the impact of regional financial capability during the Covid-19 Pandemic towards regional fiscal capacity. The research was conducted in local governments in Indonesia during 2020 using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that generally the Covid-19 Pandemic affected the reduction on own-source revenue (PAD) in almost all provinces in Indonesia during the first semester of 2020. From 66 regencies/cities as the sample from this research, 49 regencies decreased in revenue and expenditure because of the Covid-19 Pandemic. The revenue reduction in each region was caused by regional taxes reduction of around 2,5 percent and 10,68 percent sequentially in the first semester of 2020, fiscal balance transfers around 8,42 percent, and general allocation grant (DAU) around 9,8 percent and 6,94 percent. Meanwhile, to solve the regional fiscal problems, the local governments implemented 2 types of policies: (1) the first policy is to implement a counter-cyclical policy through maintaining economic stability, decreasing revenues, and increasing local government expenditures; (2) the second policy is to implement a pro-cyclical policy through increasing revenues and decreasing expenditures. The present research also found that regencies/cities that implemented a counter-cyclical policy generally increased in expenditure components, such as grant expenditure around 316,51 percent and regional capital expenditure. Some local governments built infrastructure (assets and buildings) during the Covid-19 Pandemic. However, local governments decreased around -1% - 16% for the employee expenditures.
Obesity: A Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Its Markers

As the prevalence of obesity continues to rise, the world is facing a major public health concern. Obesity is a complex disease associated with an increase in several inflammatory markers, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation. Of multifactorial etiology, it is often used as a measurement of morbidity and mortality. There remains much unknown regarding the association between obesity and inflammation. This review seeks to compile scientific literature on obesity and its associated inflammatory markers in chronic disease and further discusses the role of adipose tissue, macrophages, B-cells, T-cells, fatty acids, amino acids, adipokines, and hormones in obesity. Data were obtained using PubMed and Google Scholar. Obesity, inflammation, immune cells, hormones, fatty acids, and others were search words used to acquire relevant articles. Studies suggest brown adipose tissue is negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage. Researchers also found the adipose tissue of lean individuals predominantly secretes anti-inflammatory markers, while in obese individuals more pro-inflammatory markers are secreted. Many studies found that adipose tissue in obese individuals showed a shift in immune cells from anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages to pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, which was also correlated with insulin resistance. Obese individuals generally present with higher levels of hormones such as leptin, visfatin, and resistin. With obesity on the rise globally, it is predicted that severe obesity will become most common amongst low-income adults, black individuals, and women by 2030, making the need for intervention urgent. Further investigation into the association between obesity and inflammation is required to understand the mechanism behind this disease.
Microsoft Word-68931795-file00.docx

Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (A.I., E.S., A.Y., T.F., M.N., T.Y.) Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan (K.T.) Department of Drug Safety Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (T.Y.) This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. DMD Fast Forward. Published on April 13, 2015 as DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115. 063370
No evidence of multiple impact scenario across the Cretaceous/ Paleogene boundary based on planktic foraminiferal biochronology

Large bolide impacts seem to have strongly affected biological evolution, causing detrimental effects on the biosphere. The best-known case is the Chicxulub impact (Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico), the most probable trigger of the Cretaceous/ Paleogene boundary (KPB) mass extinction. Nevertheless, after four decades of intensive research, a consensus on the causal relationship between the impact and the mass *josearz@unizar.es; ias@unizar.es; mgrajales@geologia.unam.mx; carluis@unizar.es; anasoria@unizar.es; rojas@ceinpet.cupet. cu; tcalmus@unam.mx; vgilabert@unizar.es. Arz, J.A. , Arenillas, I. , Grajales-Nishimura, J.M. , Liesa, C.L. , Soria, A.R. , Rojas, R. , Calmus, T. , and Gilabert, V. , 2022, No evidence of multiple impact scenario across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary based on planktic foraminiferal biochronology, in Koeberl, C. , Claeys, P., and Montanari, A. , eds., From the Guajira Desert to the Apennines, and from Mediterranean Microplates to the Mexican Killer Asteroid: Honoring the Career of Walter Alvarez: Geological Society of America Special Paper 557, p. 1–34, https://doi.org/10.1130/2022.2557(20). © 2022 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This chapter is published under the terms of the CC-BY license and is available open access on www.gsapubs. org. OPEN ACCESS GO LD Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld. org/books/gsa/books/book/2351/chapter-pdf/5556103/spe557-20.pdf by guest on 04 March 2022
Do Optimists Like Vaccines? The Effect of Perceived Vaccine Novelty and Beliefs in the World’s Positivity and Orderliness on the Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccinations—The Case of European Young Adults

The public debate over COVID-19 vaccinations tends to focus on vaccine-related arguments, such as their effectiveness and safety. However, the characteristics of a person’s worldview, such as beliefs about the world’s positivity and orderliness, may also shape attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccinations. These relationships were investigated using schema incongruity theory. The degree of the vaccine’s incongruence with the world’s order schema existing in people’s minds was represented by perceived vaccine novelty. Accordingly, the results of an online survey among European young adults (N = 435) indicate that perceived vaccine novelty negatively affects behavioral outcomes (vaccination intent, willingness to pay for vaccinations, and vaccination advocacy). Moreover, there occurred a negative interaction effect of positivity and orderliness beliefs on behavioral outcomes. Specifically, an effect of positivity was more positive when people perceived the world as less ordered. Furthermore, this interaction effect was more negative when perceived vaccine novelty was higher. A mediating role of perceived vaccine effectiveness was demonstrated for the above relationships. The results extend the existing literature on people’s worldviews into the domain of vaccine attitudes, and provide new insights on the role of perceived vaccine novelty. For vaccination policymakers and marketers, the paper suggests how to promote vaccinations with consideration of orderliness/positivity beliefs and vaccine novelty perception.
Using police data to measure criminogenic exposure in residential and school contexts: experiences from a data linkage project in Germany

ABSTRACT Police data and survey research provide different bases to inform research on crime and delinquency. We argue that linking police data on local crime incidences to criminological surveys allows for new insights on the role of residential and school contexts for juvenile delinquency and violence. We describe the challenges and solutions of combining these data sources in a collaboration between the state police of North Rhine-Westphalia – Germany’s most populous state – and social scientists from a major German university. In this academic-practitioner partnership, data from a four-wave longitudinal study of more than 3800 students were linked to spatially aggregated data from the police crime statistics for the years 2013–2016. We discuss how the simulation of nearby addresses can serve as a tool for anonymized data linkage, how knowledge of the local data collection practices is crucial to evaluate the geocoding accuracy of address-level crime data, and how sensitivity and implication analyses can help to reduce uncertainties at the analysis stage. We also give recommendations for future research and data collection practices.
The impact of Warm Core Rings on Middle Atlantic Bight shelf temperature and shelf break velocity

Warm Core Rings (WCRs) are known to disrupt the shelf flow as well as drive strong heat transport onto the Middle Atlantic Bight shelf. We examine 27 rings sampled by the container ship Oleander , 16 rings which have in-situ velocity data and 11 rings identified from satellite sea surface height but with in-situ temperature data, to study the variability in rings' impact on shelf break velocities and on the temperature of the adjacent shelf. WCRs that have higher
Recurrent Stroke in a Young Man with Moyamoya Disease on Medical Therapy: A Case Report

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare intracranial vasculopathy characterized by the progressive occlusion of the terminal internal carotid arteries and their proximal branches. Various factors including genetic and inflammation are the proposed pathogenesis of MMD. We present a case of a 31-year-old man who had recurrent stroke secondary to MMD. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) demonstrated an infarct in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, and stenosis of the terminal right internal carotid artery (ICA) and its proximal branches. He initially declined surgical management and was treated with antiplatelet. After his third stroke, he finally underwent right superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass surgery. He improved following rehabilitation with no further recurrence. The role of surgical revascularization in the prevention of stroke is well-described in the literature but evidence regarding medical therapy remain scarce and will be explored in this report.
The Analogs of Furanyl Methylidene Rhodanine Exhibit Broad-Spectrum Inhibitory and Inactivating Activities against Enveloped Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants

In recent years, infectious diseases caused by viral infections have seriously endangered human health, especially COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, which continues to spread worldwide. The development of broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors is urgently needed. Here, we report a series of small-molecule compounds that proved effective against human coronaviruses (HCoV), such as SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern (VOCs), including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529), SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, and other viruses with class I viral fusion proteins, such as influenza virus, Ebola virus (EBOV), Nipah virus (NiV), and Lassa fever virus (LASV). They are also effective against class II enveloped viruses represented by ZIKV and class III enveloped viruses represented by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Further studies have shown that these compounds may exert antiviral effects through a variety of mechanisms, including inhibiting the formation of the six-helix bundle, which is a typical feature of enveloped virus fusion with cell membranes, and/or targeting viral membrane to inactivate cell-free virions. These compounds are expected to become drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses.
Lions in a coexistence landscape: Repurposing a traditional field technique to monitor an elusive carnivore

Abstract Throughout Africa, lions are thought to have experienced dramatic population decline and range contraction. The greatest declines are likely occurring in human‐dominated landscapes where reliably estimating lion populations is particularly challenging. By adapting a method that has thus far only been applied to animals that are habituated to vehicles, we estimate lion density in two community areas in Kenya's South Rift, located more than 100 km from the nearest protected area (PA). More specifically, we conducted an 89‐day survey using unstructured spatial sampling coupled with playbacks, a commonly used field technique, and estimated lion density using spatial capture‐recapture (SCR) models. Our estimated density of 5.9 lions over the age of 1 year per 100 km2 compares favorably with many PAs and suggests that this is a key lion population that could be crucial for connectivity across the wider landscape. We discuss the possible mechanisms supporting this density and demonstrate how rigorous field methods combined with robust analyses can produce reliable population estimates within human‐dominated landscapes.
Adaptation strategy of karst forests: Evidence from the community‐weighted mean of plant functional traits

Abstract Conservative survival strategy of plants growing in harsh karst habitats is observed from the view of plant functional traits, such as morphological traits and ecological stoichiometry. However, whether the plant communities in karst forests with high species turnover adopt a conservative strategy remains undetermined. This study comprehensively investigated the characteristics of functional traits of dominant plant species in four forests (i.e. Platycarya strobilacea, Quercus fabri, Quercus variabilis, and Pinus massoniana forests) in a trough‐valley karst watershed in Northern Guizhou Province, Southwestern China to explore the adaptation strategy of karst forests at the community level. At the organ and the species levels, traits differed among species, and the leaf and the bark morphological traits and root C:N:P ecological stoichiometry presented large interspecific variations. At the community level, the P. massoniana forest presented the lowest specific root length and dry matter content and tissue density of roots, branch, twig, and bark; the Q. fabri and the Q. variabilis forests displayed low specific leaf area and high dry matter content and tissue density of roots, branch, and twig; and the Platycarya strobilacea forest exhibited high specific leaf area. The P. massoniana forest was subjected to N and P colimitation, and the three other broad‐leaved forests were limited by P supply. The community‐weighted means rather than the arithmetic means of traits were preferential to represent the trait characteristics at the community level. From the view of plant functional traits at the community level, karst forests develop multiple functional traits like low specific leaf area, high dry matter content and tissue density of leaf, roots, branch, and twig, and decrease N and P investments in leaf for a conservative survival strategy to adapt to harsh habitats.
Emerging Trends and Hot Spots in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy Research From 2001 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis

Study Objectives To evaluate sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) research and to quantitatively and qualitatively predict research hot spots using bibliometric analysis. Methods We extracted relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection on July 28, 2021. We investigated the retrieved data by bibliometric analysis (e.g. co-cited and cluster analysis, keyword co-occurrence) using the software CiteSpace and VOSviewer, the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology (http://bibliometric.com/) and Bibliometrix to analyse and predict the trends and hot spots in this field. Main Results We identified 1,582 published articles and reviews on SAE from 2001 to 2021. During this period, the number of manuscripts on SAE increased steadily and peaked in 2021. The USA and China were the leading countries that had a critical impact on SAE research. Among all institutions, Vanderbilt University and Pittsburgh University held leading positions and became central in the collaboration network. Among all the journals, Critical Care Medicine published the maximum number of manuscripts in the field of SAE within 20 years. Dal-Pizzol Felipe was the most productive author (61 papers) and received the largest number of citations (930 citations). Co-citation cluster analysis revealed that the most popular terms on SAE in the manner of cluster labels were critical illness, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, polymicrobial sepsis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, rat brain, intensive care unit, prior sepsis, molecular hydrogen, inflammation drive, metabolic encephalopathies, delirium pathophysiology, and clinical neuroscience. Keyword burst detection indicated that neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) and mitochondria dysfunction were the current research hot spots. Conclusions Our study revealed that neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier, and mitochondria dysfunction had been the research foci of SAE over the past 20 years. These have emerged as the basis for transformation from basic research to clinical application in finding effective methods for the prevention and treatment of SAE.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) toward COVID-19 Pandemic among the Public in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) models are often used by researchers in the field of public health to explore people’s healthy behaviors. Therefore, this study mainly explored the relationships among participants’ sociodemographic status, COVID-19 knowledge, affective attitudes, and preventive behaviors. Method: This study adopted an online survey, involving a total of 136 males and 204 females, and used a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationships between variables including gender, age, COVID-19 knowledge, positive affective attitudes (emotional wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, and social wellbeing), negative affective attitudes (negative self-perception and negative perceptions of life), and preventive behaviors (hygiene habits, reducing public activities, and helping others to prevent the epidemic). Results: The majority of participants in the study were knowledgeable about COVID-19. The mean COVID-19 knowledge score was 12.86 (SD = 1.34, range: 7–15 with a full score of 15), indicating a high level of knowledge. However, the key to decide whether participants adopt COVID-19 preventive behaviors was mainly their affective attitudes, especially positive affective attitudes (β = 0.18–0.25, p < 0.01), rather than COVID-19 disease knowledge (β = −0.01–0.08, p > 0.05). In addition, the sociodemographic status of the participants revealed obvious differences in the preventive behaviors; females had better preventive behaviors than males such as cooperating with the epidemic prevention hygiene habits (t = −5.08, p < 0.01), reducing public activities (t = −3.00, p < 0.01), and helping others to prevent the epidemic (t = −1.97, p < 0.05), while the older participants were more inclined to adopt preventive behaviors including epidemic prevention hygiene habits (β = 0.18, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.03), reducing public activities (β = 0.35, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.13), and helping others to prevent the epidemic (β = 0.27, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.07). Conclusions: Having adequate COVID-19 knowledge was not linked to higher involvement in precautionary behaviors. Attitudes toward COVID-19 may play a more critical function in prompting individuals to undertake preventive behaviors, and different positive affective attitudes had different predictive relationships with preventive behaviors.
E-government, education quality, internet access in schools, and tax evasion

Abstract The study examines whether e-government services reduce the prevalence of tax evasion. Importantly, the study also investigates whether education quality as captured by three proxies and internet connection in schools strengthens the negative relationship between e-government services and tax evasion. The period covered by the study is confined to the years from 2006 to 2017 due to the data availability and Time Fixed-Effects Panel Data Analysis was adopted as empirical methodology. The results confirmed the significance of e-government services in reducing tax evasion and the moderating role of education quality in this relationship. More specifically, while overall, education quality and the quality of business management schools were shown to reinforce the significant negative link between e-government and tax evasion, the quality of math education did not. Finally, internet connection in schools was also found to reinforce the negative association between e-government and tax evasion. For public administrations, e-government initiatives and services are strengthening the capacity to leverage online services in the public domain to enhance tax compliance. Education system designers can consider these results in shaping curricula, integrating taxation issues in curricula, and enabling more equitable and reliable internet access in schools.