Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Control of Multiagent Systems under Heterogeneity

The overarching objective of this work is to propose solutions to quite a few distributed control problems arising from networks of heterogeneous agents or the heterogeneous nature of multiagent systems. Each problem with its solutions is concisely summarized below. We consider the cooperative output regulation problem of heterogeneous linear multiagent systems over fixed directed communication graphs. The purpose of this problem is to design a distributed control law such that the overall closed-loop stability is ensured and the tracking error of each agent converges to zero asymptotically for a class of reference inputs and disturbances generated by a so-called exosystem. We investigate the solvability of the problem with internal model-based distributed control laws, namely dynamic state feedback, dynamic output feedback with local measurement, and dynamic output feedback. The approach is twofold: First, the overall closed-loop stability (i.e., global property) is assumed and it is shown, under mild assumptions, that the problem is solved. Second, an agent-wise local sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the global property under standard assumptions. Then, we update the definition of the linear cooperative output regulation problem to allow not only common output synchronization among agents but also an additional output synchronization among a proper subset of the agents for a distributed dynamic state feedback control law that does not exchange its state variables through a communication graph. Similar to the above-mentioned approach, its solvability is investigated by making use of the internal model design from the linear output regulation theory and a small-gain theorem for large-scale interconnected systems. This dissertation also focuses on distributed control of linear multiagent systems with both global and local objectives over fixed directed communication graphs. While the global objective is achieving leaderless synchronization (i.e., consensus) or synchronization to a leader, local objectives for a subset of agents are tasks determined by agent-specific dynamical systems around the synchronization mapping of the global objective. Our main goal is to design a distributed control law such that each agent obeys the global objective when it is not assigned the local task and performs its own local objective otherwise. To
Invariant mass distribution of jet pairs produced in association with one lepton and missing transverse energy at the ATLAS experiment The ATLAS Collaboration

This note presents a study of the invariant mass distribution of jet pairs produced in association with one identified lepton and missing transverse energy with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 7 TeV. Three recent ATLAS analyses have studied this final state in the electron and muon decay channels, using an integrated luminosity of about 33 pb−1 collected in 2010. One is a measurement of W production in association with jets, and the others are searches for Higgs bosons and for leptoquark pair production. In the analysed data sample, no significant excess is observed in the dijet mass spectrum above an invariant mass of 120 GeV.
Filtration of Submicron Particles From Motorcycle Emission Using a DC Low Electrostatic Filter Arinto

This study develops a new method for a filtering system of submicron particles (PM0.1, as known as ultrafine particles) emitted by motorcycle. The filter is based on electrostatics theory for capturing the particles using a constant DC low electrostatic voltage of 12 Volts from the motor battery. The filter consists of multilevel capacitors with the gap distance in the range of 9 to 36 mm called F1, F2, F3, and F4. The performance of the filter is presented as efficiency defined by the capability of the filter to reduce ultrafine particles showing the difference of ultrafine concentration before and after applying the filter on the motor exhaust. The particle concentrations were measured using a TSI P-Trak Ultrafine Particle Counter Model 8525. The result shows that the filter reduced the ultrafine particles with the efficiency between 5 to 37 % depending on the gap distance of the capacitor.
Experimental Investigation of the Flow Past an Axisymmetric Body at Low Speed

Wake-filing propulsion by means of Boundary Layer Ingestion has the potential to increase the aero-propulsive efficiency of next-generation aircraft.For the Propulsive Fuselage Concept in particular, the integrated aft-mounted fan operates directly in the boundary-layer flow of the fuselage. Therefore, the flow around the fuselage represents the inflow to the propulsor and is of great importance for the overall-system performance. Consequently, comprehensive aerodynamic data on a representative fuselage geometry is desirable for the analysis of fuselage wake-filling propulsion. A low-speed wind-tunnel experiment was carried out on an axisymmetric body to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics and to provide a benchmark for validation of numerical analysis tools. Surface-pressure measurements show the onset of cross-flow at moderate angles leading to a non-linear lift curve. At a stall angle of around 9◦, cross-flow separation leads to the formation of counter-rotating vortical structures on the leeward side of the fuselage. Velocity measurements were used to infer the boundary layer characteristics at the body tail and near wake. Measurements show the thickening of the boundary layer around the contracting fuselage aft-body due to the presence of an adverse pressure gradient.
Post Heat Exposure Properties of Steel Fiber

In this work, five destructive and nondestructive tests using three different types of specimens were carried out to study the mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete before and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Forty-five (100 mm) concrete cubes were used to investigate both concrete compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), while the flexural strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity (ED) were studied using forty-five (100x100x500 mm) prisms. Also, the splitting tensile strength was studied using (100 mm) diameter and (200 mm) height cylinders. These specimens were heated to four temperature levels of (150, 350, 500 and 700 o C). A single concrete mix with three steel fiber contents (Vf %) of (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 %) by weight was adopted. The test results of this study show that the use of steel fibers enhance the brittle mode of failure of concrete both before and after exposure to high temperatures and that exposure to elevated temperatures affects all concrete properties, however, the amount of strength decrease depends mainly on the type of stresses in each test and on the level of temperature. Another observation is that the presence of steel fibers enhances splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and ED significantly, while this effect seems to be less significant or even insignificant for compressive strength and UPV. خلا ـ صلا ـــــــ ة ةساردل ةيناسرخلا جذامنلا نم عاونأ ةثلاث مادختساب ةيفلاتإلالاو ةيفلاتلإا صوحفلا نم عاونأ ةسمخ ثحبلا اذه يف تيرجأ ختسا مت . ةعفترملا ةرارحلا تاجرد ىلإ ضرعتلا دعبو لبق ةيديدحلا فايللأاب ةحلسملا ةناسرخلل ةيكيناكيملا صاوخلا ضعب ةسمخ ماد ( سايقب اًبعكم اًيناسرخ اًجذومن نيعبرأو 011 ةسارد مت امنيب ,ةيتوصلا قوف جاوملأا ةعرسو ةناسرخلا طاغضنإ ةمواقم ةساردل)ملم انثنلإا ةمواقم ء داعبأب ةيروشوملا ةيناسرخلا جذامنلا نم نيعبرأو ةسمخ مادختساب يكيمانيدلا ةنورملا لماعمو ( 011 × 011 × 011 رد مت امك .)ملم ( رطقب اًيناوطسا اًجذومن نوعبرأو ةسمخ مادختساب ةناسرخلل قلافنلإا ةمواقم ةسا 011 )ملم ( عافتراو 011 ( يهو ةرارحلا نم تايوتسم ةعبرأ ىلإ جذامنلا ضيرعت مت .)ملم 001 , 001 , 011 و , 011 ْ مادختسا مت . )س ايلأ نم ةفلتخم ةينزو بسن ةثلاث عم جذامنلا عيمجل ةدحوم ةيناسرخ ةطلخ ( ديدحلا ف 1.1 , 1.0 و 0.1 .)% ذهل ةيلمعلا جئاتنلا ريشت ا ةرارحلا تاجرد ىلإ ضرعتلا دعبو لبق لشفلا دنع ةناسرخلل ةشهلا ةعيبطلا يف نسحت ىلإ ثحبلا دمتعت ةفلتخم ريداقمب نكلو ةناسرخلا صاوخ لك ىلع رثؤي ةيلاعلا ةرارحلا تاجرد ىلإ ضرعتلا نأ ىلإ ريشت امك ةيلاعلا ةجردلاب ىلإ ىدأ ةيديدحلا فايللأا مادختسا نأ ىلإ جئاتنلا ريشت امك . ضرعتلا ةرارح ةجرد ىلعو صحف لك يف تاداهجلإا عون ىلع ساسلأا ىلع رثؤم ريغ وأ اًريثأت لقأ ناك امنيب ةناسرخلل يكيمانيدلا ةنورملا لماعمو ءانثنلإا ةمواقم و قلافنلإا ةمواقم يف ظوحلم نسحت لإلا ةمواقم . ةيتوصلا قوف جاوملأا ةعرسو طاغضن Lect. Sallal Rashid Al-Owaisy Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq Journal of Engineering and Development, Vol. 10, No. 2, June (2006) ISSN 1813-7822 195
Hydathode Structure of Micropropagated Plantlets and Greenhouse-grown ‘Totem’ Strawberry Plants

Leaves of in vitro-grown plantlets and greenhouse-grown plants of ‘Totem’ strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) were compared using scanning and light microscopy. Each apex and marginal serration of in vitro- and greenhouse-grown leaves had a terminal hydathode region. The leaf teeth were composed of an acuminate-mucronate tip, obscured in greenhouse-grown plants by an abaxial cluster of thick-walled unicellular trichomes, and a subterminal, adaxial group of sunken water pores. Water pores and stomata of plantlet leaves were open, whereas greenhouse-grown plant leaves had closed water pores and stomata or comparatively small apertures. Internally, the hydathodes of greenhouse-grown plants and cultured plantlets were delimited by a bundle sheath that extended below the vascular tissues, approaching the adaxial epidermis on each side of the zone of water pores. Between the epidermis and the vascular tissues were loosely arranged epithem cells. The hydathodes of plantlet leaves were smaller than greenhouse-grown plants, with fewer water pores and reduced epithem.
Mobility-Aware and Delay-Sensitive Service Provisioning in Mobile Edge-Cloud Networks

Mobile edge computing (MEC) has emerged as a promising technology to push the cloud frontier to the network edge, provisioning network services in proximity of mobile users. Serving users at edge clouds can reduce service latency, lower operational cost, and improve network resource availability. Along with the MEC technology, network function virtualization (NFV) is another promising technique that implements various network service functions as pieces of software in cloudlets (servers or clusters of servers). Providing virtualized network service for mobile users can improve user service experience, simplify network service deployment, and ease network resource management. However, mobile users move in networks arbitrarily, and different users usually request different services with different resource demands and delay requirements. It thus poses a great challenge to providing reliable and seamless virtualized network services for mobile users in an MEC network while meeting their individual delay requirements, subject to resource capacities on the network. In this paper, we focus on the provisioning of virtualized network function services for mobile users in MEC that takes into account user mobility and service delay requirements. We first formulate two novel optimization problems of user service request admissions with the aims to maximize the accumulative network utility and accumulative network throughput for a given time horizon, respectively. We then devise a constant approximation algorithm for the utility maximization problem. We also develop an online algorithm for the accumulative throughput maximization problem. We finally evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms through experimental simulations. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are promising.
Hayman Fire Case Study

To address historical and current fire regimes in the Hayman landscape, we first present the concepts of “historical range of variability” and ”fire regime” to provide the necessary conceptual tools for evaluating fire occurrence, fire behavior, and fire effects. Next we summarize historical (pre-1860) fire frequency and fire effects for the major forest types of the Colorado Front Range, to illustrate and emphasize the key point that the ecological role of fire is dramatically different in the various forest types that are found in and around the area burned by the Hayman Fire. We consider the magnitude by which these different kinds of fire regimes in the Colorado Front Range have been altered (or not altered) by human actions, notably 20 century fire exclusion. Finally, we focus on the Hayman Fire itself, to evaluate the extent to which this large, severe fire can be regarded as either a “natural” or an “unprecedented” event in this ecosystem. Because future Front Range fires will likely occur outside the Hayman area, and because one purpose of this report is to provide a scientific basis for developing fire management policy, we believe it is important to place our assessment of the Hayman Fire into a broader context. For this reason, we discuss the role of fire in some forest types that actually are uncommon within the Hayman Fire perimeter per se (for example, spruce-fir), recognizing that the next big Front Range fire may well occur in these other kinds of ecosystems. Moreover, an understanding of the fire ecology of other ecosystems adjacent to the Hayman area helps clarify some of the unique features of the Hayman landscape. Thus, our treatment moves from basic concepts of fire and landscape dynamics in general, to a description of broad fire and landscape patterns in the Colorado Front Range, to a specific analysis of fire and landscape history within the specific area where the Hayman Fire occurred. “Historical Range of Variability” (HRV)
Germinação e vigor de sementes de chia (Salvia hispanica L. - Lamiaceae) sob diferentes temperaturas e condições de luz

The Salvia hispanica, known as chia, has high notability for its nutritional features, being rich in protein, fiber, minerals and fatty acids, which can be responsible for reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Although the consumption of the seed is increasing, there are few studies about the germination and vigor of the seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of light and temperature on the physiologic potentiality of chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.). The seeds were sowed on paper at constant temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 oC in the presence or absence of light. The parameters evaluated were the following: percentage of germination, first count, germination speed index, length, and dry weight of the seedlings. The experimental design used was of complete randomized plots with four replications of 100 seeds. The germination of the chia seeds occurred in the presence or absence of light. The chia seeds, without dormancy, germinated better at the constant temperature of 20 oC.
Plant community response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment varies across an alpine tundra moisture gradient

Background: The extent to which nutrient availability influences plant community composition and dynamics has been a focus of ecological enquiry for decades. Aims: Results from a long-term nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition experiment in alpine tundra were used to evaluate the importance of the two nutrients in structuring plant communities in three communities that differed in their snow cover amounts and duration and soil moisture characteristics. Methods: A factorial N and P experiment was established in three meadows differing in initial vegetation composition and soil moisture. Plant and soil characteristics were measured after 20 years, and the dissimilarity among meadows and treatments were measured using permutational analysis of variance. Results: Plant species richness declined uniformly across the three meadow types and in response to N and N + P additions, while both evenness and the Shannon diversity index finding indicated that nutrient additions had the highest impact on moister habitats. Overall, N impacts overshadowed changes attributed to P additions, and the N and N + P plots in wet meadow sites were the least diverse and scored the lowest dissimilarity averages among treatments. Dissimilarity estimates indicated that the control and P plots in the dry meadow community were more distinct in composition than all other plots, and especially those in the moist or wet meadows. Above-ground biomass of grasses and sedges (graminoids) increased with N additions while forbs appeared to show responses dictated in part by the graminoid responses. The most abundant grass species of moist and wet meadow, Deschampsia cespitosa, dominated N and N + P plots of the wet sites, but did not show a N response in moist areas in spite of its general abundance in moist meadow. Competition from other plant species in the moist areas likely diminished the D. cespitosa response and contributed to the resilience of the community to nutrient enrichment. Conclusions: Initial community composition, as influenced by the specific moisture regime, appears to control the extent to which changes in nutrient resources can alter plant community structure. Long-term fertilization tends to support most but not all findings obtained from shorter-termed efforts, and wet meadows exhibit the largest changes in plant species numbers and composition when chronically enriched with N.
IVF failure and countermeasures

Total fertilization failures (TFF) are rare events of in vitro fertilization(IVF). Most cases occur due to lack or dysfunction of sperm binding to/penetrate the zona pellucida or failure of oocyte activation. Fertilization failure is not predictable because of lacking accurately and sensitive method. The clin-ical value of rescue ICSI should be fully considerable according to patient history,clinical character and gametes quality. Long term evaluation of babies resulting from the application of early rescue ICSI is needed to confirm empirically the safety of this method.
Inexact variable metric method for convex-constrained optimization problems

This paper is concerned with the inexact variable metric method for solving convex-constrained optimization problems. At each iteration of this method, the search direction is obtained by inexactly minimizing a strictly convex quadratic function over the closed convex feasible set. Here, we propose a new inexactness criterion for the search direction subproblems. Under mild assumptions, we prove that any accumulation point of the sequence generated by the new method is a stationary point of the problem under consideration. In order to illustrate the practical advantages of the new approach, we report some numerical experiments. In particular, we present an application where our concept of the inexact solutions is quite appealing.
CLUB HEAD VARIABILITY IN CHIPPING GOLF SKILLS: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RESULTS TO THE HOLE

This study is aimed at revealing the effectiveness of club head variability as a result of strengthening the competence of chipping skills in golf. A total of six professional golfers, 13 amateurs golfers handicaps 3-7, and six golfers handicaps 12-16 made a try in this study. Everyone tries chipping test into holes for three categories of distance from the green golf outer circle, which is 1-1.5 meters; 2-2.5 meters; and 3-3.5 meters by using three club head types, namely: club heads commonly done by everyone trying for the case of distance, situation, and green contours flat, irons-9, and irons-8. Everyone tries to do a chipping test in golf that is constructed, namely: Five times three club head types three times the distance. The results of this test are processed and analyzed further by using independent ttest. The results show that the variability of the results suggests that golfers need the mastery of various club head (sand wedge and / or the like, irons-9, and irons8) usage that require adjustment to the field contours and grass conditions, where sand wedge for all levels of golfing according to their respective handicaps, where for the case in this study is the type of club head that is not appropriate to use.
Allelopathic effects of rape root exudates on growth of seedlings of different crops

Through germination experiment in the laboratory, allelopathic effects of rape(Brassica campestris) root exudates on seeds activities, seedlings growth and physiological-biochemical characters of wheat, rape, faba-bean and maize have been studied. The results showed that the addictive effects of rape root exudates had significant influences to seeds germination percentage, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, peroxidase (POD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and root activities in seedlings of the different 4 crops. The allelopathic effects of rape root exudates were the weakest to wheat seedlings, and they had a promoting effect on germination percentage, root length, shoot dry weight, POD activities and root activities of wheat and biological destroyed degree of cells membrane in seedlings of all crops, but had an inhibition effect on other growth characters of wheat and all growth characters of rape, faba-bean and maize seedlings. It was concluded that the allelopathic effects of rape root exudates had different selectivity on different crops and different growth characters. Therefore, the key planting techniques for high quality and output of rape are adopting correct intercropping and rotating of crops.
Recent variations and trends in potential evapotranspiration (PET) over India

Thirty years meteorological time series data (1971-2000), for twenty two well distributed locations in India, have been utilized to compute potential evapotranspiration using FAO recommended Penman-Monteith equation. Annual, seasonal and monthly PET trends have been studied using linear trend analysis technique. Suitable graphs have been plotted to study the variations and changes in PET trends and to identify the specific periods as and when significant changes occur. The mean annual PET has been found to be lowest (1100 mm) at Buralikson and highest (2109 mm) at Bellary. Out of twenty two locations, significant decreasing trend in annual PET has been observed at seventeen locations and no significant trend at five locations. The mean annual dEo/dt over India has been found to be -9.36 mm/year. Linear relationship has been obtained to quantitatively estimate annual dEo/dt, at a given location, using annual PET range. Non linear relationships have been obtained (a) to quantitatively estimate the mean monthly dEo/dt values over India, (b) to quantitatively estimate the average cumulative dEo/dt values over India (mm/year) up to any particular month and (c) to quantitatively estimate the contribution (percent) towards average annual dEo/dt over India, up to any particular month.
Application of meat and bone meals in

The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that meat and bone meal, added to soil as fertilisers, may pose a hazard to the aquatic environment. Fertilisation with meat and bone meal and with manure resulted, on average, in an increase in mineral nitrogen concentration in underground water. It is noteworthy that phosphorus concentration in underground water on the plot fertilised with the highest dose of MBM increased by 79%, as compared to the variant without fertilisation. The results achieved in the experiment indicate that supporting MBM fertilisation with potassium did not result in an increase in its concentration in underground water. On the contrary, the lowest concentration of potassium was determined in the underground water taken from the plots where 1.5 t and 2.5 t of MBM had been applied. Such results may be the consequence of a lack of potassium balance necessary to satisfy the nutritional needs of the crops. Introducing organic matter to soil as manure and MBM resulted in an increase in magnesium and calcium concentration in underground waters.