Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the quality of life and psychological symptoms of university students in Cyprus during the Covid-19 pandemic

The onset of the infectious disease Covid19 originating in Wuhan, China, took over the world in December 2019 and was declared a pandemic in January 2020. Empirical evidence resulting from relevant research illustrated that the effects of the pandemic itself but also of the strict measures to contain the spread of the virus on the mental health and well-being of affected populations were just as unanticipated as the pandemic itself. Data led to the identification of six idioms of distress: (1) Demoralization and pessimism towards the future, (2) anguish and stress, (3) self-depreciation, (4) social withdrawal and isolation, (5) somatization, (6) withdrawal into oneself. Our research explores the psychological impact of the Covid19 pandemic on college students and their quality of life. The study took place in Cyprus with 356 young participants, whereas 256 were female (72%) and 100 were male (28%). They all completed the General Health Questionnaire-28 and the Life Satisfaction Inventory (LSI). The present study's findings revealed that six factors, including residence without family, the deterioration of the financial situation of the family, the loss of employment, the deterioration of social relationships, young age, and gender, have significantly affected in a negative way the mental health and quality of life of young people. Research findings revealed that the strict lockdown and physical/social isolation measures had a significant adverse effect on our sample, whereas participants showed increased symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, and somatization. Young adults who lost their jobs during the pandemic or had a significant decrease in their family income, and students who stayed away from their families, experienced a negative impact on their quality of life and had to cope with more mental health problems.
Method for the synthesis of 5-alkoxymethylfurfural ethers and their use

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 5-alkoxymethyl furfural by the reaction of a fructose and / or glucose-containing starting material with an alcohol in the presence of a catalytic amount or a stoichiometric amount of a heterogeneous acid catalyst or less. The catalyst may be used in a continuous flow fixed bed or catalytic distillation reactor. The ether may be used as a fuel or fuel additive.
How Do Alliance Portfolio Factors Affect a Precision Medicine Firm’s Innovation Performance?

Precision medicine is an approach to disease treatment and prevention that seeks to maximize effectiveness by taking into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle. The medical paradigm has been changed with the emergence of precision medicine and many companies with business related to precision medicine should cooperate with other companies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the alliance portfolio factors that affect firms’ innovation performance. This study examined whether the diversity factors of the alliance portfolio and alliance management capability influenced its innovation performance. Additionally, we investigated the moderate effects of participation of research organizations in the alliance portfolio. As a result, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between the industry diversity of the portfolio and innovation performance; therefore, the participation of research organizations in the alliance portfolio showed a positive effect. Additionally, the value governance diversity changed to have a positive effect by interacting with research organizations. This study provides information on the alliance portfolio factors that affect the innovation performance of precision medicine companies.
Linguistic Variation in the Acquisition of Morphosyntax: Variable Object Marking in the Speech of Mexican Children and Their Caregivers

ABSTRACT Research in language development has only recently begun to focus on the inherent variability of language. Previous studies have explored at what age children begin to produce variable linguistic forms and how these forms progress through development. While children produce adult-like variation early on, some variable forms take longer to acquire than others do. The current study builds on this previous research using naturalistic corpus data to compare variable differential object marking in the speech of Spanish-speaking children and their caregivers. While previous studies of adult speech have highlighted the variable use of the accusative object marker a, the variable distribution of the a-marker has been largely overlooked in studies of child Spanish. Our results show that preschool-age children use the same linguistic constraints as their caregivers when producing direct objects. We also found that younger children show different patterns of a-marking compared to older children and caregivers. These patterns suggest that the developmental trajectory of individual linguistic constraints depends on the distribution of variable contexts in the child’s input. Our findings highlight the importance of examining caregivers’ use of variable forms alongside children’s productions in language acquisition research.
Three-dimensional simulations of isobaric premixed flames freely propagating in narrow circular channels: breaking of symmetry

In this work we perform three-dimensional simulations to study the breaking of symmetry of lean premixed isobaric flames propagating in narrow channels of circular cross-section subject to an inlet Poiseuille flow. In particular we consider the effects of the flow rate, the channel diameter, wall heat-losses for flames with the Lewis number (Le) equal or less than unity. Numerical analysis shows that, for Le = 1 and under adiabatic conditions, a supercritical bifurcation occurs at flow rates exceeding a critical value and the axisymmetric flame becomes unstable, giving rise to a non-axisymmetric flame. For flames with Le<1, a subcritical bifurcation occurs and we report multiplicity of stable solutions: the flame can be axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric for the same values of parameters. It is important to underline that both types of solutions are stable, and thus can be observed experimentally. In the presence of wall heat-losses, the critical flow rate corresponding to the bifurcation point increases. This indicates a promoting effect of wall heat-losses on flame shape symmetry. We also find that an extinction gap can appear when increasing the flow rate. For the smaller Lewis number (Le = 0.5) we observe a complex flame dynamics, showing the coexistence of steady and oscillatory combustion regimes.
Organic Molecular Paleohypsometry: A New Approach to Quantifying Paleotopography and Paleorelief

Stable isotope paleoaltimetry is one of the most commonly used approaches for quantifying the paleoelevation history of an orogen yet this methodology is often limited to arid to semi-arid climates, mountain systems with a clear orographic rainshadow and terrestrial basins. We present a new approach to reconstructing past topography and relief that uses the catchment-integrated signature of organic molecular biomarkers to quantify the hypsometry of fluvially-exported biomass. Because terrestrially-produced biomolecules are synthesized over the full range of global climate conditions and can be preserved in both terrestrial and marine sediments, the geochemistry of fluvially-transported sedimentary biomarkers can provide a means of interrogating the evolution of topography for a range of environments and depositional settings, including those not well suited for a traditional isotope paleoaltimetry approach. We show an example from Taiwan, a rapidly eroding tropical mountain system that is characterized by high rates of biomass production and short organic residence time and discuss key factors that can influence molecular isotope signal production, transport and integration. Data show that in high relief catchments of Taiwan, river sediments can record integration of biomass produced throughout the catchment. Sedimentary biomarker δ2H nC29 in low elevation river deposition sites is generally offset from the δ2H nC29 value observed in local soils and consistent with an isotope composition of organics produced at the catchment mean elevation. We test the effect of distinct molecular production and erosion functions on the expected δ2H nC29 in river sediments and show that elevation-dependent differences in the production and erosion of biomarkers/sediment may yield only modest differences in the catchment-integrated isotopic signal. Relating fluvial biomarker isotope records to quantitative estimates of organic source elevations in other global orogens will likely pose numerous challenges, with a number of variables that influence molecular production and integration in a river system. We provide a discussion of important parameters that influence molecular biomarker isotope signatures in a mountain system and a framework for employing a molecular paleohypsometry approach to quantifying the evolution of other orogenic systems.
Unpacking themes of integrating telecollaboration in language teacher education: a systematic review of 36 studies from 2009 to 2019

Abstract The goal of this synthesis is to review literature on the use of telecollaborative pedagogy for the purpose of language teacher education in order to identify themes in teacher intercultural telecollaborative learning. The synthesis reviews 36 telecollaborative studies that were published between 2009 and 2019 and focused on teacher professional development. Thematic analyses of the 36 studies revealed six themes: (a) changes in the focus from exploring telecollaborative learning to examining its application for teacher learning of new competences related to intercultural learning, technology integration, and telecollaboration integration; (b) conceptualization and design of telecollaboration as experiential learning for teacher professional development; (c) intentional enhancement of the transferability of new competences to future teaching; (d) teaching presence and expanded roles of project instructors; (e) explorations of teachers’ changing attitudes and perceptions of telecollaborative learning; and (f) teacher preparedness for addressing challenges occurring in telecollaboration. Finally, this systematic review discusses the interrelationship among the six themes and offers implications for future research and practice in line with the current findings.
Species Diversity of Trichoderma Associated With Soil In The Zoige Alpine Wetland of Southwest China

Background: The Zoige alpine wetland is one of the most important wetlands in China because of its complex natural environment, abundant ecological resources, and unique climatic conditions. The ecology of soil fungi is poorly understood, and recent comprehensive reports on Trichoderma are not available for any region, including the Zoige alpine wetland ecological region in China. Our results may be used as a reference for a greater understanding of soil microorganism at various ecological regions, ecological rehabilitation and reconstruction and as microbial resources. Results: One hundred soil samples were collected from different soil types and soil layers in Zoige alpine wetland ecological regions in 2013. Using the traditional suspension plating method, a total of 80 Trichoderma strains were isolated. After a preliminary classification of morphological characteristics and the genes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), 57 strains were representatively selected and eventually identified as seven species via phylogenetic analyses of multilocus sequences based on the genes transcription elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1), encoding RNA polymerase II subunit B (rpb2) and ATP citrate lyase (acl1). Among them, Trichoderma harzianum was the dominant species and had the highest isolation frequency (23%) in this zone, while Trichoderma polysporum and Trichoderma pyramidale were rare species, with isolation frequencies of less than 1%. Conclusions: Our detailed morphological observation and molecular phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of Trichoderma zoigense was described for the first time as a new species.
Overview of Acute Ischemic Stroke Evaluation and Management

Stroke is a major contributor to death and disability worldwide. Prior to modern therapy, post-stroke mortality was approximately 10% in the acute period, with nearly one-half of the patients developing moderate-to-severe disability. The most fundamental aspect of acute stroke management is “time is brain”. In acute ischemic stroke, the primary therapeutic goal of reperfusion therapy, including intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV TPA) and/or endovascular thrombectomy, is the rapid restoration of cerebral blood flow to the salvageable ischemic brain tissue at risk for cerebral infarction. Several landmark endovascular thrombectomy trials were found to be of benefit in select patients with acute stroke caused by occlusion of the proximal anterior circulation, which has led to a paradigm shift in the management of acute ischemic strokes. In this modern era of acute stroke care, more patients will survive with varying degrees of disability post-stroke. A comprehensive stroke rehabilitation program is critical to optimize post-stroke outcomes. Understanding the natural history of stroke recovery, and adapting a multidisciplinary approach, will lead to improved chances for successful rehabilitation. In this article, we provide an overview on the evaluation and the current advances in the management of acute ischemic stroke, starting in the prehospital setting and in the emergency department, followed by post-acute stroke hospital management and rehabilitation.
Possible Therapeutic Role of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer and its high mortality and short survival time causes a serious worldwide health burden. Chemotherapy as 5-Flourouracil (5-FU) is used as the first-choice treatment for HCC, however it is associated with resistance, low efficacy and has side effects. Consequently, the administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a novel therapy for HCC holds great promise. MSCs can differentiate into hepatocytes, reduce liver inflammation, promote hepatic regeneration and secrete protective cytokines. This is the first study that sheds new light on the role of MSCs alone or together with 5-FU in HCC. In this study, Bone marrow derived-MSCs were prepared and HCC model was induced via treating rats with N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN). The effect of treatments was evaluated by biochemical, tumor markers, macroscopical, and histopathological analysis. Also, cell cycle, apoptosis assay, KI67 and CD95 were performed by Flowcytometry. The administration of MSCs together with 5-FU yields a decrease in the liver enzymes with down-regulation of tumor markers as well as improvement of histopathological picture. In addition, such treatment decreased cell proliferation that associated with the down-regulation of KI67 expression. Furthermore, MSCs did not mediate the apoptosis pathway together with reduction of CD95 expression and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, MSCs exerted antitumor effects by inhibiting proliferation, modulating the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and improved the toxic effect of 5FU via improvement of liver enzymes and decreased tumor markers.
50th anniversary of computed tomography: past and future applications in clinical neuroscience

Abstract. Purpose: It has been 50 years since computed tomography was introduced to the worldwide neurologic medical and surgical community. In that time, tremendous advances in computer software and hardware, as well as creative changes in computerized tomographic (CT) hardware and tube technology, have dramatically improved the temporal and spatial resolution of CT. In this paper, I address what I feel are some of the most important impacts of CT in the field of clinical neuroscience over the last 50 years, as well as potential applications of CT that are on the horizon. Approach: I have recounted from literature, colleagues, and personal recollection the historical impact of CT on neuroradiology practice and what appear to be near-term future applications. Conclusions: Therapeutic applications beyond diagnosis, such as image-guided procedures, radiation, and surgical planning, and development of the field of theranostics have emerged and further increased the need for faster and more precise CT imaging. The integration of machine learning into the acquisition chain and radiologist tool kit has great implications for standardization, analysis, and diagnosis worldwide.
SMES and HEI Collaboration: Improving SMEs’ Performance and Knowledge Management Capability to Cope with Economic Disruption

: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face challenging competition in this economic disruption era. Effort to improve competitiveness through performance and knowledge management capability has become a must to cope with the economic disruptions. Performance and knowledge management capability in SMEs need to be addressed to improve their competitiveness. Higher Education Insitution (HEIs) and SMEs collaboration has become a tool to improve SMEs’ performance and knowledge management. The aim of this study is to examine relationship between entrepreneurial orientation on organisational learning; the role of HEI engagement in moderating entrepreneurial orientation on organisational learning; relationship between organisational learning on organisational performance and organisational learning on knowledge management capability. This study applies PLS SEM analysis. SMEs business owners in Semarang, Magelang, Pekalongan and Grobogan region are respondents of this study. Results of this study shows that entrepreneurial orientation has positive influence on organisational learning; there is no moderation effect of HEI engagement on entrepreneurial orientation and organisational learning; organisational learning has positive influence on organisation performance and organisational learning influence positively on knowledge management capability.
Formation Mechanism and Porosity Development in Porous Boron Nitride

In the past decade, porous boron nitride (BN) has proven promising as a novel class of inorganic materials in the field of separations and particularly adsorption. Owing to its high surface area and thermal stability, porous BN has been researched for CO2 capture and water cleaning, for instance. However, most research remains at laboratory scale due to a lack of understanding of the formation mechanism of porous BN, which is still largely a ‘black box’ and prevents scale-up. Partial reaction pathways have been unveiled, but they omit critical steps in the formation, including the porosity development, which is key to adsorption. To unlock the potential of porous BN at a larger scale, we have investigated its formation from the perspective of both chemical formation and porosity development. We have characterised reaction intermediates obtained at different temperatures with a range of analytical and spectroscopic tools. Using these analyses, we propose a mechanism that highlights the key stages of BN formation and its porosity, including the intermediates and gaseous species formed in the process. We identified that the formation of non-porous carbon nitride is crucial to form porous BN with release of porogens, such as HCN and CO2. This work paves the way for scaled-up processes to use porous BN to its full potential at industrial level for gas and liquid separations.
Optimization of Piston Grooves, Bridges on Cylinder Head, and Inlet Valve Masking of Home-Fueled Diesel Engine by Response Surface Methodology

Naturally replenished biodiesel fuels are more precise in place of diesel engine applications as they have complying thermal properties, which are extensively used by various researchers. However, there is necessity to optimize their utility to meet stringent emission norms as per Bharat Stage VI (BS VI) and Euro 6. From the exhaustive survey on the studies, number of piston grooves (NG), number of grooves-n-bridges on cylinder head (Gr-Br), and inlet valve masking (IVM) using the response surface methodologies (RSM) technique have not been reported on the competence, emissions, and combustion attributes of diesel engines running on Honge oil methyl ester (HOME), hence this is an identified gap in literature. The present simulation work is for optimizing the performance and lessoning exhaust emitted from the diesel prime mover tested on non-conventional and petro fuels. Experimentation was carried out to inquest the competence, combustion, and emittance of a vertical cylinder, overhead valve, water cooling, open or induction swirl diesel engine running on HOME as the injecting fuel. The object of the present effort is to optimize competence of diesel engines via a statistics inquest called designs of experiments (DoE). To curtail the diverse variations to be experimented on, full factorial designs (FFDs) array was employed. The response surface methodologies (RSM)-based nonlinear or quadratic predictors establish the relation between the input parameters and proposed attributes. The RSM-based mathematical predictors are established to prognosticate the distinguished engine output attributes at 95% confidence interval. The response surface assay discovered that a combination of 2B 3G, ‘IVM’ of 900, and ‘NG’ of six grooves yields highest brake thermal efficiency (BTE), lessoning smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbon (HC), but nitrogenous oxides (NOx) emissions increased slightly. Additionally, combustion attributes, such as Ignition delay (ID) and combustion duration (CD), were lessoned, but peak pressure (PP) and heat release rate (HRR) had a higher contrast to performance of HOME biodiesel in a conventional CI engine.
A New Hedging Hypothesis Regarding Prediction Interval Formation in Stock Price Forecasting

We propose and test a simple hedging hypothesis for prediction interval formation in stock price forecasting. In the presence of uncertainty, forecasters hedge their forecasts by adjusting the bounds of the prediction interval in a way that reﬂects their forecast of the average forecast of others. This hypothesis suggests a positive relationship between the belief wedge, deﬁned as the di ﬀ erence between the subject’s forecast of the average forecast of others and the subject’s own point forecast, and the asymmetry of the prediction interval. Empirical support for the hedging hypothesis is drawn from two in-class surveys, an experiment, and a large survey of professional analysts’ forecasts of future stock prices.
Using systems methods to elicit complex program theories

Contextual interventions pose unique challenges for implementation studies and evaluation research. By contextual, we mean programs that are tightly integrated with the social systems they are seeking to influence or transform. This integration challenges foundational assumptions of intervention science and necessitates the development of innovative approaches to monitoring and evaluation. The W3 (‘What Works and Why’) project piloted the use of complex systems theory and methods (CSTM) to develop program theories for peer and community‐led (PCL) programs in HIV and viral hepatitis prevention and health promotion. As a class, these programs have struggled to articulate and theorize their approach to justify their funding and to build an evidence base. CSTM allowed us to articulate detailed program theories based on ‘mental models’ held by program staff and stakeholders. This chapter describes our reflection and adaptation experience as we piloted the CSTM approach in─and as─social research.