Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling medium resolution evapotranspiration using downscaling techniques in north-western part of India

The present investigation provides a modeling solution to downscale MODIS-based evapotranspiration (ET) at a 30 m spatial resolution from its original 500 m spatial resolution using meteorological and Landsat 8 (Operational Land Imager, OLI) data by employing downscaling models. The nine indices namely Surface Albedo, Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), and Normalized Difference Infrared Index for Band 7 (NDIIB7) were calculated from Lansat 8 data at 30 m spatial resolution. The multiple linear regression (MLR) and Least Square Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) models were developed to generate the relationship between MODIS 500 m ET and Landsat indices at 500 m scale. Further, these develop models were used to estimate 30 m ET based on 30 m Landsat 8 indices. The performance of developed models (MLR and LS-SVM) was carried out using correlation coefficient (CC), Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NASH) efficiency, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Normalised Mean Square Error (NMSE). Penman–Monteith (PM) method was used to estimate the ET using observed station data. The results show that lowest ETO was observed in the month of December while it was maximum in the month of May. Using the performances indices, it was found that LS-SVM model slightly outperformed than MLR model. However, the downscaled model overestimates ET in comparison to the Penman-Monteith method. Further, the significant correlation was found between MODIS ET and LS-SVM ET at all the stations.
Factors that kept first-year students motivated at a university in Johannesburg during lockdown

The academic achievement of first-year university students continues to be a concern and priority for higher education institutions in South Africa. The mandated lockdown in 2020, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, compelled first-year students to adapt from face-to-face lecturers to emergency remote teaching. This study explored what has kept first-year students motivated to succeed at a university in Johannesburg during the lockdown period. Self-determination theory was used as the theoretical lens and analytical tool in this research. One hundred and seventy-five first-year students were selected using a purposeful sampling method to participate in this study. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires. Responses were categorised by means of an emergent and a priori thematic analysis. The findings indicated that first-year students were internally motivated to succeed at university on the basis of attitude, competence and achievement-based motivations. The findings also reported that reward, fear, power-based and affiliation motivations were important external motivators in making first-year students succeed. We recommend that universities continue to provide the various forms of additional support students have received during the lockdown period in order to enable students to remain motivated to succeed.
A Rapid and Sensitive Stability-Indicating Eco-Friendly HPTLC Assay for Fluorescence Detection of Ergotamine

Eco-friendly liquid chromatographic methods for measuring ergotamine (EGT) are scant in the published database. Accordingly, the goal of the current study was to develop a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for fluorescence detection of EGT in commercially available tablets. This approach was based on the application of ethyl alcohol–water (80:20 v/v) as the eco-friendly eluent mixture. The fluorescence detection of EGT was carried out at 322 nm. The greenness score of the present approach was evaluated by “Analytical GREENness (AGREE)” technology. The present approach for measuring EGT in the 25–1000 ng band−1 range was linear. The present assay for fluorescence detection of EGT was validated successfully by ICH guidelines for various parameters. The method was found to be rapid, sensitive, eco-friendly, and stability-indicating. The computed AGREE index for the current strategy was 0.84, displaying outstanding greenness features. The present methodology successfully separated the EGT degradation products under forced-degradation circumstances, exhibiting its stability-indicating qualities and selectivity. An amount of 99.33% of EGT was found in commercial formulations, indicating the validity of the current method for pharmaceutical analysis of EGT in commercial products. The results showed that EGT in commercial products might be regularly measured by the existing method.
Therapy in the Course of Kidney Graft Rejection—Implications for the Cardiovascular System—A Systematic Review

Kidney graft failure is not a homogenous disease and the Banff classification distinguishes several types of graft rejection. The maintenance of a transplant and the treatment of its failure require specific medications and differ due to the underlying molecular mechanism. As a consequence, patients suffering from different rejection types will experience distinct side-effects upon therapy. The review is focused on comparing treatment regimens as well as presenting the latest insights into innovative therapeutic approaches in patients with an ongoing active ABMR, chronic active ABMR, chronic ABMR, acute TCMR, chronic active TCMR, borderline and mixed rejection. Furthermore, the profile of cardiovascular adverse effects in relation to the applied therapy was subjected to scrutiny. Lastly, a detailed assessment and comparison of different approaches were conducted in order to identify those that are the most and least detrimental for patients suffering from kidney graft failure.
Two “many”-words in Slovenian Experimental evidence for pragmatic strengthening

: Slovenian features at least two lexical items that are potential semantic counterparts of the English many , namely veliko and precej , whose meaning appears close to identical. Yet speakers are certain that the two items are not equivalent, although they ﬁnd intuitively felt differences hard to pin-point. We argue that precej and veliko are lexically synonymous, but their meanings are pragmatically strengthened under relevant conditions, which leads to subtle interpretative differences. Speciﬁcally, we extend Krifka’s (2007) analysis of double negatives and propose that veliko is assigned the stereotypical interpretation of a quantity degree word, whereas precej is identiﬁed with the non-stereotypical one and consequently relates to moderately big amounts. To support this claim, we report the results of an experiment involving a sentence-picture veriﬁcation task, which highlight the similarities and contextually-determined differences in the use of both determiners. Our results suggest that the interpretation of precej is not consistent with relations in the upper part of the proportional scale and is dependent on whether or not it is in direct competition with veliko in the appropriate contexts.
Assessment of Certain Hematological Indices and Interlukin-6 in Workers and Individuals Who Live Near to Crude Oil Wells in Middle Petroleum

Environmental exposures to a variety of pollutant elements especially fuel waste products may result in harmful impacts on several physiological systems. The inflammatory response and the hematological system are the major affected systems. The aim of the study is to reveal the impact of oil exposure on several hematological parameters and IL-6 of oil workers and to detect which parameters are more affected as prognosticators for clinical disorders. This study included three groups, 50 persons in each. Control group; Group1 workers at oil wells; and Group2 who live close to oil wells. Physical parameters, serum interleukin 6 , random blood glucose , hematological parameters are measured. Significant rise in pulse rate, serum interleukin 6 and RBG were documented in workers. Hematological parameters were adversely affected by air pollution . We found a significant rise in platelet count in Group 1 patients . The correlation between IL-6 and certain hematological indices revealed that each of WBC and platelets were significantly correlated to IL-6. In conclusion People work or lived close to oil wells area showed alterations in hematological and inflammatory parameters may be related to continuous exposure to petrol fumes, which also results in a considerable increase in interleukin-6. Keyword:Oil wells, hematological indices, interleukin 6.
A Rapid Review of Sociocultural Dimensions in Nigeria’s Solid Waste Management Approach

Against the background of an arguable dearth of scholarship on the sociocultural dimensions of Nigeria’s solid waste management strategies and practices, this rapid review searched for evidence in the literature. A rapid evidence review and qualitative meta-summary procedure were implemented to utilize the rigor of systematic literature review that met the timelines and limited funding available for this study. It is more appropriate to identify, extract, and synthesize a mixture of qualitative and/or quantitative empirical evidence in the literature. This rapid review found little substantive evidence of scholarly sociocultural approaches in Nigeria’s solid waste management. It also discovered constant factors of inadequate and weak multidisciplinary or non-holistic approaches to driving innovation and effective social impact in Nigeria’s solid waste management practices. The results were interpreted vis-à-vis the need to leverage the social sciences, particularly the range and scope of social work practice configurations and possibilities, to scientifically advance and substantially accelerate the implementation of evidence-based policy and practice in Nigeria’s solid waste management system. This rapid review concluded that the negative results are due to the insufficient conceptual and theoretical bases for Nigeria’s solid waste management strategies and/or practices.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Climate on Work Motivation and Innovative Work Behavior at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of East Lombok Regency

Innovative work behavior plays a crucial role in creating and implementing valuable ideas for an organization. Leadership and organizational climate have a significant impact on supporting such behavior through support, facilitating creative thinking, providing resources, encouraging a culture of experimentation and learning, and setting an example of innovative behavior. The objective of this research is to analyze (1) the influence of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior, (2) the influence of organizational climate on innovative work behavior, (3) the influence of transformational leadership on work motivation, (4) the influence of organizational climate on work motivation, (5) the influence of work motivation on innovative work behavior, (6) the influence of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior through work motivation, and (7) the influence of organizational climate on innovative work behavior through work motivation. This study employs a quantitative associative method involving 132 employees as research participants. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using SEM-PLS analysis. The research findings indicate that (1) transformational leadership does not have a significant influence on innovative work behavior, (2) organizational climate has a positive and significant influence on innovative work behavior, (3) transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on work motivation, (4) organizational climate has a positive and significant influence on work motivation, (5) work motivation has a positive and significant influence on innovative work behavior, (6) transformational leadership has a significant influence on innovative work behavior through work motivation, and (7) organizational climate has a significant influence on innovative work behavior through work motivation.
Phthalate levels in Chinese residences: seasonal and regional variations and the implication on human exposure

: Indoor pollution of manmade semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) such as phthalates are a growing threat to human health. Herein we summarize the dust-phase phthalate concentrations in Chinese residences reported from 2011 to 2021 and simulate corresponding airborne concentrations based on equilibrium models. The simulation considers seasonal and regional variations in indoor temperature and PM 2.5 concentration, in contrast to the common practice of using constant values. Results show that variations in these two environmental factors lead to up to ten-and six-fold variations in the monthly median gas-and particle-phase concentrations of phthalates, respectively, in residences in individual climate zones. For higher-vapor-pressure species di-n -butyl phthalate and di-isobutyl phthalate, the resultant seasonal and regional variations in aggregate non-diet intake can reach six-and three-fold, respectively. These results have important implications on exposure assessment of SVOCs and epidemiological evaluation of their health effects.
Serological detection of foot and mouth disease antibodies in apparenty healthy pigs within federal capital territory, Abuja

Swine production contributes significantly to the economic wealth of most farmers in developing nations including Nigeria. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has been a highly contagious viral disease of agricultural importance in domestic ruminants and pigs, hampering livestock productivity in countries where the disease is still endemic. The study aimed to determine the swine FMD occurrence in order to elucidate the disease burden within Federal Capital Territory, Abuja and its environs. One hundred (100) sera were collected from Pigs and subjected to 3ABC ELISA test at the FMD Laboratory in National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom. The result showed that out of 100 sera samples tested for FMD antibodies, 26 (26%) were positive and 74 (74%) were negative. Sero-positive distribution showed sow/gilt (32.7%), younger pigs (57.7%) and local breeds (50%) were more exposed to FMD. Although, this was not significant (P>0.05). Questionnaire report further showed knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of farmers was good, however, the absence of vaccination could be a contributing factor to FMD spread to other susceptible and between carrier livestock within the study area. This finding suggests an increasing occurrence of FMD in pigs within the Guinea Savanna Zone of North-Central Nigeria. In conclusion, FMD antibodies were detected in apparently healthy, unvaccinated pigs of all breeds, ages and sex slaughtered and reared in the FCT. Control efforts should be put in place to prevent possible transmission of Foot and Mouth Disease between pigs and cattle and other ruminants within and between herds, market and slaughter slabs.
Phytochemicals, Heavy Metals, and Antioxidant Vitamins Assessment in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivated Near Cement Company Firm of Sokoto, Nigeria

Even at low concentrations, it is well known that vegetables can readily absorb metals from contaminated soil or deposits on air-exposed plant parts. These metals then build up at high levels in the edible parts of the vegetables. Vegetables are a significant part of the human diet; hence heavy metal poisoning of these food items cannot be understated. As a result, this study sought to quantify the amounts of phytochemicals, heavy metals, and antioxidant vitamins in tomatoes grown close to the Cement Company of Northern Nigeria (Sokoto Cement). Phytochemicals, heavy metals, and antioxidant vitamins were determined using standard analytical procedures. The study confirmed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids tannins, steroids, and volatile oils. The heavy metals detected (Cu, Zn, Cd and Cr) were found below the WHO safe limits guidelines apart from Cr which exceed WHO safe limit guidelines. Substantial amounts of vitamin A, C and E were also observed. It was concluded that tomatoes cultivated in Kalambaina area are safe for consumption in terms of heavy metals.
Electronic States of Heavy Fermion Materials

Electronic States of Heavy Fermion Materials Aaron B. Sutton Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Physics University of Toronto 2016 The de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect is one of the most powerful and straightforward methods of determining the electronic structure of metals, knowledge of which is essential to understanding the observed physical properties such as resistivity, magnetic structure, and specific heat. Of interest in the field of condensed matter physics are the so-called heavy fermion materials: compounds involving rare earth metals in which strong correlation effects cause the electrons to behave as if they are orders of magnitude heavier than a bare electron. To enable measurement of these materials, I maintained our in-house data collection system known as DAVIES. Long standing issues in network communication between the involved computers have been mitigated or solved, improving the overall ease of measurement. Using DAVIES and our 3He/4He dilution refrigerator, I completed field modulation dHvA measurements on samples of YbRh2Si2 for field sweeps of 16-13 T and sample rotations from (100)-(110), (100)-(001), and (110)-(001). This yielded the first observation of an orbit that could be attributed to the J-sheet of the Fermi surface. The rotation measurements were compared against basic band structure calculations, which I completed, and more advanced band structure calculations. The calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results, though the ad hoc fitting method requires a more thorough examination to better understand the origin of this agreement. I also conducted field modulation dHvA measurements on one sample of PrOs4Sb12 for sweeps of 10-7 and 6-3 T at temperatures from about 25-2800 mK. A novel technique, which examines the phase of the quantum oscillations, was utilized to explore the occupancy of the Pr crystal field levels and the lower antiferroquadruploar (AFQ) phase boundary. These results were compared against mean field calculations, which took into account nearest neighbor quadrupolar coupling and the hyperfine interaction in the Hamiltonian. We obtained good
Survival Weibull regression model for mismeasured outcomes

ABSTRACT In some survival studies, the exact time of the event of interest is unknown, but the event is known to have occurred during a particular period of time (interval-censored data). If the diagnostic tool used to detect the event of interest is not perfectly sensitive and specific, outcomes may be mismeasured; a healthy subject may be diagnosed as sick and a sick one may be diagnosed as healthy. In such cases, traditional survival analysis methods produce biased estimates for the time-to-failure distribution parameters (Paggiaro and Torelli 2004). In this context, we developed a parametric model that incorporates sensitivity and specificity into a grouped survival data analysis (a case of interval-censored data in which all subjects are tested at the same predetermined time points). Inferential aspects and properties of the methodology, such as the likelihood function and identifiability, are discussed in this article. Assuming known and non differential misclassification, Monte Carlo simulations showed that the proposed model performed well in the case of mismeasured outcomes; the estimates of the relative bias of the model were lower than those provided by the naive method that assumes perfect sensitivity and specificity. The proposed methodology is illustrated by a study related to mango tree lifetimes.
Interdecadal variability of summer extreme rainfall in the Huai River basin of China associated with the Asian‐Pacific Oscillation

Using the rainfall data at rain gauge stations in China and the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) reanalysis, the daily Asian‐Pacific Oscillation (APO) index, a tropospheric temperature thermal contrast between Asia and the North Pacific, is constructed to investigate an interdecadal relationship between summer (June–July) APO and rainfall in the Huai River basin (HRB) of central‐eastern China. The daily APO index averaged over June 22–July 12 shows an interdecadal shift around the late 1990s. This shift is characterized by a negative phase of the daily APO index during 1987–1996 and a subsequent positive phase during 1997–2006. Accompanying this shift, the occurrence frequency, intensity and amount of extreme rainfall events remarkably increase in the HRB region. The increased rainfall can be reasonably explained by the atmospheric circulation anomalies. Corresponding to the decadal change in the summer daily APO from the negative phase to the positive one, the subtropical high pressure over the western North Pacific moves toward the north and easterly wind anomalies in the middle and lower layers of the troposphere prevail over extratropical East Asia, which strengthens water vapour convergence, the instability of atmospheric stratification and upward motion anomalies in the HRB region.
Implementation of Job Shadowing Learning Model Towards Task Skill Practice of Normal Delivery Care for Students of Midwifery

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the job shadowing learning model in the practice of normal delivery care for task skills. This type of quantitative research has a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design. The sample size is 33 people. The collection used a task-skill questionnaire about normal delivery care. The task skill components measured include task management skills (TMS), work environment skills (WES), interpersonal skills (IS), and workplace learning skills (WLS). The results showed a difference in the average pre-test, post-test 1, and post-test 2 task skills, which experienced an increase. Statistically, the t-dependent test shows a p-value of 0.000, meaning that the job shadowing learning model in normal delivery care effectively increases task skills. It is hoped that midwifery education institutions will strengthen the evaluation of learning about normal delivery care practices through the job shadowing learning model by paying attention to the task skill aspect. This requires increased external cooperation, such as maternity homes and hospitals, as places for midwifery students to apply their knowledge.
Practical Parallel Algorithms for Submodular Maximization Subject to a Knapsack Constraint with Nearly Optimal Adaptivity

Submodular maximization has wide applications in machine learning and data mining, where massive datasets have brought the great need for designing efficient and parallelizable algorithms. One measure of the parallelizability of a submodular maximization algorithm is its adaptivity complexity, which indicates the number of sequential rounds where a polynomial number of queries to the objective function can be executed in parallel. In this paper, we study the problem of non-monotone submodular maximization subject to a knapsack constraint, and propose the first combinatorial algorithm achieving an (8+epsilon)-approximation under O(log n) adaptive complexity, which is optimal up to a factor of O(loglog n). Moreover, under slightly larger adaptivity, we also propose approximation algorithms with nearly optimal query complexity of O(n), while achieving better approximation ratios. We show that our algorithms can also be applied to the special case of submodular maximization subject to a cardinality constraint, and achieve performance bounds comparable with those of state-of-the-art algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated by extensive experiments on real-world applications.