Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONSTRAINING SATELLITE GALAXY STELLAR MASS LOSS AND PREDICTING INTRAHALO LIGHT. I. FRAMEWORK AND RESULTS AT LOW REDSHIFT

We introduce a new technique that uses galaxy clustering to constrain how satellite galaxies lose stellar mass and contribute to the diffuse “intrahalo light” (IHL). We implement two models that relate satellite galaxy stellar mass loss to the detailed knowledge of subhalo dark matter mass loss. Model 1 assumes that the fractional stellar mass loss of a galaxy, from the time of merging into a larger halo until the final redshift, is proportional to the fractional amount of dark matter mass loss of the subhalo it lives in. Model 2 accounts for a delay in the time that stellar mass is lost due to the fact that the galaxy resides deep in the potential well of the subhalo and the subhalo may experience dark matter mass loss for some time before the galaxy is affected. We use these models to predict the stellar masses of a population of galaxies and we use abundance matching to predict the clustering of several r-band luminosity threshold samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Abundance matching assuming no stellar mass loss (akin to abundance matching at the time of subhalo infall) overestimates the correlation function on small scales (≲ 1 Mpc), while allowing too much stellar mass loss leads to an underestimate of small-scale clustering. For each luminosity threshold sample, we are thus able to constrain the amount of stellar mass loss required to match the observed clustering. We find that satellite galaxy stellar mass loss is strongly luminosity dependent, with less luminous satellite galaxies experiencing substantially more efficient stellar mass loss than luminous satellites. With constrained stellar mass loss models, we can infer the amount of stellar mass that is deposited into the IHL. We find that both of our model predictions for the mean amount of IHL as a function of halo mass are consistent with current observational measurements. However, our two models predict a different amount of scatter in the IHL from halo to halo, with Model 2 being favored by observations. This demonstrates that a comparison to IHL measurements provides independent verification of our stellar mass loss models, as well as additional constraining power.
Electoral Institutions and Identity Based Clientelism in Jordan

In contexts where social cleavages are universally salient, how can political alliances across social identity groups be forged? A wealth of research examines the effects of either electoral rules or social identity on electoral behavior, but the interplay between these two factors is understudied. This article leverages original datasets of tribal voting coalitions, parliamentarian constituent casework logs, and a national survey in Jordan to demonstrate how institutions interact with social identity to shape distributive politics. Within single non-transferable vote districts (SNTV), representatives win their seats based on tribal support and practice tribal favoritism in service provision. On the contrary, elected officials in single member plurality districts (SMDs) cobble together more diverse coalitions to win their seats and distribute state benefits more evenly between in-group and out-group members. Bolstering these findings, data from a 2014 nationwide survey show that a history of having tribal connections with parliamentarians’ augments voter turnout in SNTV districts, whereas it has no relationship with voter turnout in SMDs. This article offers an understanding of why politicians build electoral coalitions and distribute clientelistic benefits within or across social identity groups with important implications for the consideration of electoral institutional design in developing countries.
Causes of intra-organization conflict: Telecommuting triggered by the epidemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has made many companies in China adopting telecommuting to continue their operations. Like traditional office work, telecommuting requires communication and cooperation to complete the work, and getting along with others means the possibility of conflict. Therefore, conflict can also occur in telecommuting. The purpose of this paper is to analyze telecommuting based on conflict process theory and build a model to test the hypothesis. Quota sampling and convenience sampling are used to conduct online questionnaires, and quantitative research methods are used to analyze the collected data and provide solutions. To this end, 282 Chinese respondents from different service industries completed online questionnaires. Through empirical analysis, the results show that telecommuting has a significant negative relationship with inter-role conflict and interpersonal conflict but has a significant positive effect on stress. In addition, interpersonal conflict, stress, and inter-role conflict have significant positive impacts on affective conflict. Similarly, interpersonal conflict and stress have significant positive effects on cognitive conflict. However, the relationship between inter-role conflict and cognitive conflict, cognitive conflict, and affective conflict is not significant. Thus, the results provide suggestions for managers on how to manage telecommuters and key factors that need to be considered. It also provides a new way for other scholars to study telecommuting. Acknowledgments We thank LetPub (www.letpub.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.
DEVELOPMENT OF STEM EDUCATION INTEGRATED SOUND AND LIGHT WAVES E-MODULE FOR CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

21st-century education is an education described by the utilization of computerized innovation in the educational experience to further develop student's critical and creative thinking skills. The integrated teaching module of STEM education is still low, this is obtained from the analysis of STEM integration in textbooks, which is 57.89. The answer for defeat these issues is to foster a coordinated sound wave and light wave e-module in STEM schooling. This study aims to reveal the validity of the integrated sound wave and light wave e-module in STEM education. This type of research is included in research and development. This study uses the ADDIE development model. The instrument in this study used a content validity sheet. Technical analysis of the data in this study using Aiken's V. In view of the outcomes of the analysis of Aiken's V obtained a value of 0.83. Product validity is interpreted as a high validity category because the score is 0.8. In view of the aftereffects of this review, it was inferred that the e-module of sound waves and light waves integrated with STEM education was in the valid category and could be used in learning in schools on aspects of material substance, visual communication display, instructional design, software usage, and STEM assessment. Researchers hope that this e-module can be a reference for technology-based learning resources to create meaningful learning to encourage the improvement of high school students critical and creative thinking skills.
USE OF FLIPPED CLASSROOM IN THE TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS ON DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Educational institutions seek to transform the teaching-learning conditions through the use of new pedagogical and technological models. The aim of this quantitative research is to analyze the use of flipped classroom in the teaching-learning process on descriptive statistics through data science. The participants are 49 students who took the Basic Statistics course during the 2017 school year. This study used a single group quasi-experiment to examine the research hypotheses about Flipped classroom. In the Basic Statistics course, the students have difficulties to assimilate the knowledge about mean, mode, median, range and quartiles. Therefore, this research proposes the consultation of YouTube videos before the class, use of the Mathportal application collaboratively during the class and use of the Mathportal application individually after the class. The Mathportal application is a web tool that allows checking the results of the exercises on the mean, mode, median, range and quartiles at any time. The results of machine learning (linear regression) indicate that flipped classroom positively influences the teaching-learning process on descriptive statistics. On the other hand, data science allows the identification of 3 predictive models about the consultation of the YouTube videos and use of the Mathportal application through the decision tree technique. This research recommends the use of the Mathportal application for the teaching-learning process on statistics. Even, this web application can be used in the courses of differential calculus, geometry, algebra and financial mathematics. The implications of this research are the transformation of the educational context through the use of flipped classroom and incorporation of technological tools before, during and after the face-to-face classes. Finally, flipped classroom is a pedagogical model that is transforming the organization and implementation of school activities through the use of technology inside and outside the classroom.
Drag of Circular Cylinders for a Wide Range of Reynolds Numbers and Mach Numbers

From Summary: "Pressure distributions around circular cylinders placed perpendicular to the stream for subsonic and supersonic flow conditions have been obtained. Drag coefficients calculated from these wind-tunnel tests and from transonic free-flight tests are presented. Drag data are presented for the Mach number range of 0.3 to 2.9. "
Dust from asymptotic giant branch stars: relevant factors and modelling uncertainties

The dust formation process in the winds of Asymptotic Giant Branch stars is discussed, based on full evolutionary models of stars with mass in the range 1M⊙ 6M6 8M⊙, and metallicities 0.001 < Z < 0.008. Dust grains are assumed to form in an isotropically expanding wind, by growth of pre–existing seed nuclei. Convection, for what concerns the treatment of convective borders and the efficiency of the schematization adopted, turns out to be the physical ingredient used to calculate the evolutionary sequences with the highest impact on the results obtained. Low–mass stars with M6 3M⊙ produce carbon type dust with also traces of silicon carbide. The mass of solid carbon formed, fairly independently of metallicity, ranges from a few 10 −4 M⊙, for stars of initial mass 1 1.5M⊙, to � 10 −2 M⊙ for M� 2 2.5M⊙; the size of dust particles is in the range 0. 1µm6 aC 6 0. 2µm. On the contrary, the production of silicon carbide (SiC) depends on metallicity. For 10 −3 6 Z 6 8×10 −3 the size of SiC grains varies in the range 0. 05µm < aSiC < 0. 1µm, while the mass of SiC formed is 10 −5 M⊙ < MSiC < 10 −3 M⊙. Models of higher mass experience Hot Bottom Burning, which prevents the formation of carbon stars, and favours the formation of silicates and corundum. In this case the results scale with metallicity, owing to the larger silicon and aluminium contained in higher–Z models. At Z=8×10 −3 we find that the most massive stars produce dust masses md � 0.01M⊙, whereas models of smaller mass produce a dust mass ten times smaller. The main component of dust are silicates, although corundum is also formed, in not negligible quantities (� 10 20%).
The effective action in four-dimensional CDT

We present recent results concerning the measurement and analysis of the effective action in four-dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations. The action describes quantum fluctuations of the spatial volume of the CDT universe (or alternatively the scale factor) after integrating out other degrees of freedom. We use the covariance of volume fluctuations to measure and parametrize the effective action inside the de Sitter phase, also called the C phase. We show that the action is consistent with a simple discretization of the minisuperspace action (with a reversed overall sign). We discuss possible subleading corrections and show how to construct a more complicated effective action comprising both integer and half-integer discrete proper time layers. We introduce a new method of the effective action measurement based on the transfer matrix. We show that the results of the new method are fully consistent with the covariance matrix method inside the de Sitter phase. We use the new method to measure the effective action in the small volume range and to explain the behaviour of the stalk part of the CDT triangulations. Finally we use the transfer matrix method to measure and parametrize the effective action inside the A and B phases, and to analyze the phase transitions. The results lead to an unexpected discovery of a new "bifurcation" phase separating the "old" C and B phases. We analyze geometric properties of triangulations inside the new phase and draw a new phase diagram.
Consciousness, Spirituality & Transpersonal An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Burnout among British Police Officers

Burnout is defined as a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced efficacy (Maslach & Jackson, 1981). With burnout becoming increasingly prevalent within policing, this study aimed to expand awareness by exploring the lived experience of this syndrome for serving officers. Utilising a qualitative approach, data was derived from five participants using semi-structured interviews and an interpretative phenomenological methodology (IPA) for analysis. Six categories of themes emerged: perceived causes, personal impact factors, experiencing burnout, changed feelings and behaviour, the underlying meaning, and learning derived from the experience. Participants perceived organisational issues as the main cause of their burnout. They also described other aspects of their experience which contributed towards their long-term suffering. The relationship between burnout and spiritual crisis is discussed, an area rarely explored, but one that provides rich material for those focused on burnout research. It is hoped that this study will help inform work-based solutions and provide a platform for future investigation.
Climatic water balance forecasting with machine learning and deep learning models over Bangladesh

Understanding the impact of input variables on black‐box machine learning and deep learning models is necessary. Therefore, this study proposed SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values to address the problem of the interpretability of the output of the support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), convolutional neural network (CNN), and long short‐term memory (LSTM) models to forecast climatic water balance (CWB) within 1–3 months lead‐time. The current study uses two Koppen–Geiger climate zones over Bangladesh: the humid subtropical climate with dry winter and hot summer (Cwa) and the tropical climate (Af‐Am). Monthly antecedent CWB, potential evapotranspiration (PET), convective available potential energy (CAPE), relative humidity (RH), air temperature (TEM), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) are used as the inputs to the proposed model. SHAP values show that CWB (current month) for both climate zones has the maximum impact on the prediction. The effects of atmospheric variables and ocean–atmospheric teleconnections on CWB forecasts over Bangladesh are low. Forecasting results show that the SVM model shows the best performance for CWB forecasts in the Cwa and Af‐Am climate zones in terms of antecedent CWB as input. And this model effectively decreases the negative effect of increasing forecast lead‐time. Since the proposed model can predict CWB in 3‐months lead‐time, it would help policy‐makers and practitioners to reduce the drought and flood impacts in the future by adopting better preparedness plans.
Analogue black holes in relativistic BECs: Mimicking Killing and universal horizons

Relativistic Bose-Einstein condensates (rBECs) have recently become a well-established system for analogue gravity. Indeed, while such relativistic systems cannot be yet realized experimentally, they provide an interesting framework for mimicking metrics for which no analogue is yet available, thus paving the way for further theoretical and numerical explorations. In this vein, we here discuss black holes in rBECs and explore how their features relate to the bulk properties of the system. We then propose the coupling of external fields to the rBEC as a way to mimic nonmetric features. In particular, we use a Proca field to simulate an aether field, as found in Einstein-aether or Ho\ifmmode \check{r}\else \v{r}\fi{}ava-Lifshitz gravity. This allows us to mimic a universal horizon, the causal barrier relevant for superluminal modes in these modified gravitational theories.
THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF MONO-ABUNDANCE SUB-POPULATIONS OF THE MILKY WAY DISK

The spatial, kinematic, and elemental-abundance structure of the Milky Way's stellar disk is complex, and has been difficult to dissect with local spectroscopic or global photometric data. Here, we develop and apply a rigorous density modeling approach for Galactic spectroscopic surveys that enables investigation of the global spatial structure of stellar sub-populations in narrow bins of [α/Fe] and [Fe/H], using 23,767 G-type dwarfs from SDSS/SEGUE, which effectively sample 5 kpc < RGC < 12 kpc and 0.3 kpc ≲ |Z| ≲ 3 kpc. We fit models for the number density of each such ([α/Fe] and [Fe/H]) mono-abundance component, properly accounting for the complex spectroscopic SEGUE sampling of the underlying stellar population, as well as for the metallicity and color distributions of the samples. We find that each mono-abundance sub-population has a simple spatial structure that can be described by a single exponential in both the vertical and radial directions, with continuously increasing scale heights (≈200 pc to 1 kpc) and decreasing scale lengths (>4.5 kpc to 2 kpc) for increasingly older sub-populations, as indicated by their lower metallicities and [α/Fe] enhancements. That the abundance-selected sub-components with the largest scale heights have the shortest scale lengths is in sharp contrast with purely geometric “thick–thin disk” decompositions. To the extent that [α/Fe] is an adequate proxy for age, our results directly show that older disk sub-populations are more centrally concentrated, which implies inside-out formation of galactic disks. The fact that the largest scale-height sub-components are most centrally concentrated in the Milky Way is an almost inevitable consequence of explaining the vertical structure of the disk through internal evolution. Whether the simple spatial structure of the mono-abundance sub-components and the striking correlations between age, scale length, and scale height can be plausibly explained by satellite accretion or other external heating remains to be seen.
Cultural adaptation and validation of the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF™) version 1.3 questionnaire in Uganda

Background: Chronic kidney disease is on the rise in sub-Saharan African countries such as Uganda, and patients often present with advanced disease requiring kidney replacement therapies. Health-related quality of life is a key outcome in chronic kidney disease management but, in Uganda, no tools have been validated to measure this. The aim of this study was to culturally adapt and validate the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form version 1.3 (KDQOL-SF™) questionnaire for use in the Ugandan setting. Methods: We conducted a four-phase, mixed-methods study which included translation, cultural adaptation, optimisation of face validity and field testing. Our participants included healthcare workers, and patients aged 18 years with an estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results: The tool was culturally adapted and translated into one of the Ugandan languages, Luganda, which, with an English version of the tool, was validated and field tested. Over 80% of the subdomains had less than 10% floor and ceiling effects. For reliability, Cronbach’s α coefficient scores ranged from 0.96 to 0.41, with 10 out of 18 subdomains scoring >0.70, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The tool demonstrated discriminant validity, with patients with comorbidities reporting lower quality of life scores, as postulated. Conclusions: The Luganda and English versions of the KDQOL-SF questionnaire have sufficient face and content validity, reliability and acceptability to assess the quality of life of patients with kidney failure in Uganda. Keywords: quality of life, kidney failure, Uganda, KDQOL-SF, developing countries
Quantum chaos in weakly disordered graphene

We have studied numerically the statistics for electronic states (level spacings and participation ratios) from disordered graphene dots of finite size, described by the aspect ratio $W/L$ and various geometries, corresponding to finite chiral or achiral carbon nanotubes. Quantum chaotic Wigner energy level-spacing distribution is found for weak disorder, even infinitesimally small disorder for wide and short tight-binding samples $(W/L⪢1)$, while for strong disorder, Anderson localization with Poisson level-statistics always sets in. Although pure graphene near the Dirac point corresponds to integrable ballistic statistics diffusive chaotic behavior seems more common for realistic (weakly disordered) finite samples.
GALEX AND OPTICAL OBSERVATIONS OF GW LIBRAE DURING THE LONG DECLINE FROM SUPEROUTBURST

The prototype of accreting, pulsating white dwarfs (GW Lib) underwent a large amplitude dwarf nova outburst in 2007. We used ultraviolet data from Galaxy Evolution Explorer and ground-based optical photometry and spectroscopy to follow GW Lib for three years following this outburst. Several variations are apparent during this interval. The optical shows a superhump modulation in the months following outburst, while a 19 minute quasi-periodic modulation lasting for several months is apparent in the year after outburst. A long timescale (about 4 hr) modulation first appears in the UV a year after outburst and increases in amplitude in the following years. This variation also appears in the optical two years after outburst but is not in phase with the UV. The pre-outburst pulsations are not yet visible after three years, likely indicating the white dwarf has not returned to its quiescent state.
Hierodula
tenuidentata Saussure,
1869 (Mantodea: mantidae) has settled down in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In this paper the first record of the alien mantis species Hierodula tenuidentata for Bosnia and Herzegovina is provided. This large mantis has considerably expanded its distribution range in Europe in the last years, particularly in Balkan Peninsula. We found several adult specimens on 22nd and 23rd of August 2021 in urban area of Mostar city in the south of the country. This finding confirms the species’ establishment in the western part of Balkan Peninsula and fills the distribution gap along the eastern Adriatic Sea coast.