Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Nature’s Clock: CRISPR Technology in Flowering Time Engineering

Flowering is a crucial process in the life cycle of most plants as it is essential for the reproductive success and genetic diversity of the species. There are situations in which breeders want to expedite, delay, or prevent flowering, for example, to shorten or prolong vegetative growth, to prevent unwanted pollination, to reduce the risk of diseases or pests, or to modify the plant’s phenotypes. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge to use CRISPR/Cas9, a powerful genome-editing technology to modify specific DNA sequences related to flowering induction. We discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms governing the regulation of the photoperiod, autonomous, vernalization, hormonal, sugar, aging, and temperature signal pathways regulating the flowering time. In addition, we are investigating the most effective strategies for nominating target genes. Furthermore, we have collected a dataset showing successful applications of CRISPR technology to accelerate flowering in several plant species from 2015 up to date. Finally, we explore the opportunities and challenges of using the potential of CRISPR technology in flowering time engineering.
Correlation of Miocene Volcanics in the Area of the North Hungarian Paleogene Basin by the Combination of Palaeomagnetic Marker Horizons and Magnetic Polarities

dating and correlating volcanic rocks by magnetic polarities and at obtaining palaeomagnetic pole positions. The latter were based on selected site mean palaeomagnetic directions and the directions departing from the cluster of these were regarded as outliers. In these studies volcanoclastics were not included. In the late 1980s, the Miocene ignimbrites of the Salgotarjan Basin and of the southern Bukk foreland became the most interesting subjects for palaeomagnetic research in Hungary. The results were primarily of geodynamic significance, since they indicated large-scale tectonic rotations (MARTON & MARTON 1996) taking place in the intervals of 18.5–17.5 Ma and 16.0–14.5 Ma, respectively (MARTON & PECSKAY 1998). However, it was soon realized that the rotation events offered a new tool for stratigraphic correlation. The idea was that palaeomagnetic marker horizons (a one-way pattern of declination change) combined with traditional magnetostratigraphy could make age estimation and correlation highly reliable. The palaeomagnetic marker horizons in the study area (comprising the volcanic areas named in Fig. 1) divide the Tertiary sequence into three parts. The oldest is a Late Eocene–Early Miocene segment, which ends with the lower (rhyolite) tuff, at about 18.5 Ma, and is characterized by 80 ° counter-clockwise rotated declination (N1–R1, Fig. 1). The segment between 17.5 and 16.0 Ma, shows 30 ° counter-clockwise rotated declination (N2–R2) and ends with the middle (dacite) tuff. Finally, the segment younger than 14.5 Ma includes the upper (rhyolite) tuff and exhibits about 10 ° clockwise rotated declination (N3–R3). The differences in declinations (induced by tectonic rotations) are so large that other mechanisms, which cause scatter also in the declinations of fast cooling igneous bodies can not weaken the correlation power of the marker horizons. As a result of systematic palaeomagnetic investigation, the chronostratigraphic position of the volcanoclastics of the North Hungarian Paleogene Basin got known at more than one hundred sites.
Intravenous Administration of Ad26.COV2.S Does Not Induce Thrombocytopenia or Thrombotic Events or Affect SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Bioavailability in Blood Compared with Intramuscular Vaccination in Rabbits

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a very rare but serious adverse reaction that can occur after Ad26.COV2. S vaccination in humans, leading to thrombosis at unusual anatomic sites. One hypothesis is that accidental intravenous (IV) administration of Ad26.COV2. S or drainage of the vaccine from the muscle into the circulatory system may result in interaction of the vaccine with blood factors associated with platelet activation, leading to VITT. Here, we demonstrate that, similar to intramuscular (IM) administration of Ad26.COV2. S in rabbits, IV dosing was well tolerated, with no significant differences between dosing routes for the assessed hematologic, coagulation time, innate immune, or clinical chemistry parameters and no histopathologic indication of thrombotic events. For both routes, all other non-adverse findings observed were consistent with a normal vaccine response and comparable to those observed for unrelated or other Ad26-based control vaccines. However, Ad26.COV2. S induced significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein on day 1 after IM vaccination compared with an Ad26-based control vaccine encoding a different transgene, suggesting an inflammatory effect of the vaccine-encoded spike protein. Although based on a limited number of animals, these data indicate that an accidental IV injection of Ad26.COV2. S may not represent an increased risk for VITT.
Anthropic Settlements’ Impact on the Light-Absorbing Aerosol Concentrations and Heating Rate in the Arctic

Light-absorbing aerosols (LAA) impact the atmosphere by heating it. Their effect in the Arctic was investigated during two summer Arctic oceanographic campaigns (2018 and 2019) around the Svalbard Archipelago in order to unravel the differences between the Arctic background and the local anthropic settlements. Therefore, the LAA heating rate (HR) was experimentally determined. Both the chemical composition and high-resolution measurements highlighted substantial differences between the Arctic Ocean background (average eBC concentration of 11.7 ± 0.1 ng/m3) and the human settlements, among which the most impacting appeared to be Tromsø and Isfjorden (mean eBC of 99.4 ± 3.1 ng/m3). Consequently, the HR in Isfjorden (8.2 × 10−3 ± 0.3 × 10−3 K/day) was one order of magnitude higher than in the pristine background conditions (0.8 × 10−3 ± 0.9 × 10−5 K/day). Therefore, we conclude that the direct climate impact of local LAA sources on the Arctic atmosphere is not negligible and may rise in the future due to ice retreat and enhanced marine traffic.
Thermal Behavior of Biaxial Piezoelectric MEMS-Scanners

This paper presents the thermal behavior of non-resonant (quasi-static) piezoelectric biaxial MEMS scanners with Bragg reflectors. These scanners were developed for LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) applications using a pulsed 1550 nm laser with an average power of 2 W. At this power, a standard metal (gold) reflector can overheat and be damaged. The Bragg reflector developed here has up to 24 times lower absorption than gold, which limits heating of the mirror. However, the use of such a reflector involves a technological process completely different from that used for gold and induces, for example, different final stresses on the mirror. In view of the high requirements for optical power, the behavior of this reflector in the event of an increase in temperature needs to be studied and compared with the results of previous studies using gold reflectors. This paper shows that the Bragg reflector remains functional as the temperature rises and undergoes no detrimental deformation even when heated to 200 °C. In addition, the 2D-projection model revealed a 5% variation in optical angle at temperatures up to 150 °C and stability of 2D scanning during one hour of continuous use at 150 °C. The results of this study demonstrate that a biaxial piezoelectric MEMS scanner equipped with Bragg reflector technology can reach a maximum temperature of 150 °C, which is of the same order of magnitude as can be reached by scanners with gold reflectors.
Domestic Animal Models of Central Nervous System Tumors: Focus on Meningiomas

Intracranial primary tumors (IPTs) are aggressive forms of malignancies that cause high mortality in both humans and domestic animals. Meningiomas are frequent adult IPTs in humans, dogs, and cats, and both benign and malignant forms cause a decrease in life quality and survival. Surgery is the primary therapeutic approach to treat meningiomas, but, in many cases, it is not resolutive. The chemotherapy and targeted therapy used to treat meningiomas also display low efficacy and many side effects. Therefore, it is essential to find novel pharmacological approaches to increase the spectrum of therapeutic options for meningiomas. This review analyzes the similarities between human and domestic animal (dogs and cats) meningiomas by evaluating the molecular and histological characteristics, diagnosis criteria, and treatment options and highlighting possible research areas to identify novel targets and pharmacological approaches, which are useful for the diagnosis and therapy of this neoplasia to be used in human and veterinary medicine.
DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF GYNANDROPSIS GYNANDRA - A DESERT ANNUAL

The present study was designed to investigate the surviving patterns of Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. , an annual herb widely distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. The plants exhibited Deevey Type I survivorship curve with mortality concentrated in the later stage of life. An initial increase in the number of individuals was observed with the onset of monsoon showers. The population size decreased with time due to the harsh environmental conditions, like short moisture period and high temperature. A gradual increase in the plant height (50–90 cm) elucidates progression of the population with the time. In the early stages of life, biomass allocation was mainly towards vegetative parts, following a progressive shift towards reproductive structures, in the later phase of life and the flowering starts in the third weak of life.
Increased cancer risk after myocardial infarction: fact or fiction? A systemic review and meta-analysis

Objective Accumulating evidences showed some positive relations between myocardial infarction (MI) and new onset cancer. We aim to investigate whether MI is associated with an increased risk of incident cancer. Methods A comprehensive literature list was identified from MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception until October 2018. The main inclusion criteria included observational studies investigating the association between MI and new onset cancer. Stata 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Results Of 862 potentially relevant studies, five cohort studies met all inclusion criteria. The pooled cancer incidence rate was 9.5% (95% CI=8.3–10.7%). Pooled analysis of OR showed that the increased overall cancer risk in MI patients in comparison with controls had no statistical significance (OR=1.08; 95% CI=0.97–1.19, P=0.153). Subgroup analysis by gender demonstrated that the overall cancer risk was only significantly increased in female (OR=1.10; 95% CI=1.01–1.20, P=0.025), but not in male patients (OR=1.04; 95% CI=0.99–1.10, P=0.124). In terms of cancer type, the increased cancer risk was only significant for lung cancer (male OR=1.12; 95% CI=1.05–1.19, P<0.01; and female OR=1.51; 95% CI=1.15–1.99, P<0.01), but not for prostate (OR=0.96; 95% CI=0.85–1.09, P=0.546) or breast cancer (OR=0.94; 95% CI=0.86–1.04, P=0.222). In addition, the increased cancer risk was only significant in the first 6 months (OR=1.93; 95% CI=1.42–2.63, P<0.01) but not in 6 months–1-year (OR=1.03; 95% CI=0.92–1.15, P=0.627) or >1-year (OR=0.98; 95% CI=0.93–1.04, P=0.585) follow-up after MI. Conclusion From available evidence, the increased overall cancer risk after MI was only significant in female but not in male patients. Besides, the increased cancer risk could be driven by increased short-term cancer incidence after MI and certain cancer types such as lung cancer.
28. LATE CENOZOIC ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION INTENSITY AND CLIMATIC HISTORY RECORDED BY EOLIAN DEPOSITION IN THE EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC OCEAN, LEG 1381

Sediments recovered during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 138 in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean were analyzed for variations in eolian accumulation rate and mean grain-size. Latitudinal and temporal patterns of these parameters showed important changes in the intensity of atmospheric circulation and eolian flux associated with the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and suggested that eolian input parameters could be used to define its paleoposition through time. Modern atmospheric circulation in the equatorial region is weakest in the intertropical convergence zone and increases as the trade winds are approached to the north and south. Thus, the expected spatial pattern of eolian grain size would have the finest material deposited beneath the ITCZ and a coarsening of material in both directions away from this zone. Sediments from ODP Leg 138 show this pattern for much of the Pleistocene and Pliocene but, prior to about 4 Ma, begin to lose the northern coarse component suggesting that the ITCZ was located north of its present position during the late Miocene. Eolian flux records also show a latitudinal pattern of deposition associated with the position of the ITCZ that, similar to eolian grain-size variability, suggests a more northerly position of the ITCZ during the late Miocene. Overall, the regional input of eolian material to the equatorial Pacific has decreased throughout the late Neogene. This reduction in eolian input reflects climatic changes to relatively wetter conditions in the continental eolian source regions beginning during the late Pliocene.
Correlation co-efficients of component characters with seed yield and their direct effects in path analysis in fenugreek grown under six environments

Thirty diverse genotypes of fenugreek were grown in six (E1 to E6) environments during the winter seasons for three consecutive years from 2002 to 2003 and 2004 to 2005 under high input and low input conditions, created by changing the date of sowing, spacing, fertilizer dose and other crop management practices at the Agriculture Farm of Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, West Bengal. Analysis of correlations revealed that significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations of pod number, husk weight, stem weight and harvest index with seed yield did not change with the change in environmental conditions. Majority of the characters (except days to flowering and test weight) had significant and positive correlation with seed yield in all the environments except in E3, indicating the scope for selection for improving seed yield of fenugreek. The positive direct effects recorded in genotypic and phenotypic path analyses for pod number, seeds per pod and test weight were consistently greater in all the six environments. Therefore, selection of these characters in positive direction would be effective in increasing seed yield. Key words: Correlation, direct effect, environments, morphological characters fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum L.
The Earth's radiation budget and its relation to atmospheric hydrology: 2. Observations of cloud effects

This paper describes an observational study of the relationship between the cloudy sky components of the Earth's radiation budget (ERB) and space/time coincident observations of the sea surface temperature, microwave-derived cloud liquid water and cloud cover. The study uses two ERB data sets; Nimbus 7 narrow field-of-view, broadband scanning radiometer data from June 1979 to May 1980 and the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment broadband scanning data from March 1985 to February 1986. Cloud fluxes are derived from the ERB fluxes and estimates of the clear sky fluxes are described in a related paper. A new method that extends the cloud forcing analysis of ERB data is also introduced to estimate the cloud albedo. The zonally and seasonally averaged cloud flux components of the ERB are within 6 W m−2 for the two data sets. The general gross features of the global distributions of these fluxes also reproduce those reported in recent studies with the largest differences in mid-to-high latitude regions characterized by persistent cloud cover where the estimation of Nimbus 7 clear sky fluxes is suspect. A quantitative assessment of the impact of clouds on the greenhouse effect is given in terms of the greenhouse parameter introduced in a related study. This impact is significant, especially for deep convective clouds that form over the warmest waters of the oceans. It is also shown how the greenhouse effect of clouds increases as the liquid water path (LWP) of clouds increases in a manner analogous to that observed for water vapor. This increase is in direct contrast to many recent model studies of cloud feedback that ignore this influence. Cloud albedo data are grouped in categories corresponding to ranges of solar zenith angle. Albedos and longwave fluxes for the latitudinal ranges of these categories suggest that brighter, colder clouds exist over tropical land masses in comparison to tropical oceanic regions and vice versa for middle and high latitudes. While microphysical effects cannot be ruled out as an explanation, the general reciprocal change of albedo and longwave flux support the assertion that these differences originate from gross macrophysical differences of clouds. The albedo of clouds and the relationships between the cloud albedo and LWP are also shown to be significantly different for midlatitude oceanic clouds compared to clouds over tropical oceans. The cloud albedo differences are substantial and cannot be explained simply in terms of cloud amount effects. Based on comparison with theory, it is unlikely that realistic differences in the microphysics of clouds are large enough to explain the observations. An explanation for these differences in terms of gross macroscopic effects is proposed. The major conclusion of this study is that the largest, and hence most important, observed influence of cloud on the ERB is more consistent with macrophysical properties of clouds as opposed to microphysical properties, which have received much more attention in recent literature.
Primacy of mouth over eyes to perceive audiovisual Mandarin lexical tones

The visual cues of lexical tones are more implicit and much less investigated than consonants and vowels, and it is still unclear what facial areas contribute to facial tones identification. This study investigated Chinese and English speakers’ eye movements when they were asked to identify audiovisual Mandarin lexical tones. The Chinese and English speakers were presented with an audiovisual clip of Mandarin monosyllables (for instance, /ă/, /à/, /ĭ/, /ì/) and were asked to identify whether the syllables were a dipping tone (/ă/, / ĭ/) or a falling tone (/ à/, /ì/). These audiovisual syllables were presented in clear, noisy and silent (absence of audio signal) conditions. An eye-tracker recorded the participants’ eye movements. Results showed that the participants gazed more at the mouth than the eyes. In addition, when acoustic conditions became adverse, both the Chinese and English speakers increased their gaze duration at the mouth rather than at the eyes. The findings suggested that the mouth is the primary area that listeners utilise in their perception of audiovisual lexical tones. The similar eye movements between the Chinese and English speakers imply that the mouth acts as a perceptual cue that provides articulatory information, as opposed to social and pragmatic information.
Measuring User Experience Of Traveloka Hotel Using User Experience Questionnaire

Nowadays, there are many online travel agencies (OTAs) in Indonesia that provide various options for their customers. Before choosing which OTA to use, customers usually check each platform to ensure that they offer the best service. Traveloka is the most preferred OTA app by 67.5% of respondents. Google Play Store reviews show that users are still confused with information such as pricing and proper payment. Some features do not work properly when making hotel reservations. User Experience Questionnaire is used to quickly measure the user experience level of the product. Attractiveness, perspiculty, efficiency, accuracy, stimulation, and novelty were the six UEQ scales used. A random sample of one hundred app users was selected. The results showed that each scale was overall excellent. The criteria of attractiveness 2.485 ? 1.750, perspiculty 2.290 ? 1.900, efficiency 2.448 ? 1.780, dependability 2.338 ? 1.650, stimulation 2.393 ? 1.550, and novelty 2.293 ? 1.400. This research achieves the objectives or features of the application in terms of design, systems, and services. the result is that the Traveloka application can improve perspiculty with existing functions, so that the hotel booking process becomes easier to understand, easy to learn, simple, and clear.
Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in durum wheat germplasm (Triticum durum Desf)

19%, 52%, 35%, 24%, 52%, 81%, 21%, 30%, 23% and 50% for days to maturity, number of spikelets per spike, number of kernels per spike, number of tillers per plant, spike length, thousand grain weight, harvest index, grain yield, vitreousness and flour protein content, respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for thousand grain weight, spike length and number of spikelets per spike suggesting selection for these traits would give good response. Biological yield (rp=0.89), number of tillers per plant (rp=0.59) and thousand grain weight (rp=0.51) had high degree of positive association with grain yield. Phenotypic path analysis described that biological yield (0.679) and harvest index (0.48) have direct contribution towards grain yield. It is suggested that these characters can be considered as selection criteria in improving the grain yield of durum wheat genotypes.
Evaluation of markers of cerebral oxygenation and metabolism in patients undergoing clipping of cerebral aneurysm under total intravenous anesthesia versus inhalational anesthesia: A prospective randomized trial (COM-IVIN trial)

INTRODUCTION: Anesthetic goals in patients undergoing clipping of cerebral aneurysm include maintenance of cerebral blood flow, oxygenation, and metabolism to avoid cerebral ischemia and maintenance of hemodynamic stability. We intend to study the influence of anesthetic agents on the outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized, parallel, single-center pilot trial approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee and is prospectively registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India. Patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) admitted to our institution for surgical clipping, fulfilling the trial inclusion criteria, will be randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio utilizing a computerized random allocation sequence to receive either total intravenous anesthesia (n = 25) or inhalational anesthesia (n = 25). Our primary objective is to study the effects of these anesthetic techniques on cerebral oxygenation and metabolism in patients with aSAH. Our secondary objective is to evaluate the impact of these anesthetic techniques on the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia and long-term patient outcomes in patients with aSAH. The Modified Rankin Score and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and 3 months following hospital discharge will be evaluated. An observer blinded to the study intervention will assess the outcome measures. DISCUSSION: This study will provide more insight as to which is the ideal anesthetic agent that offers a better neurophysiological profile regarding intraoperative cerebral oxygenation and metabolism, thereby contributing to better postoperative outcomes in aSAH patients.
The genera Paratylenchus micoletzky - 1922 and Gracilacus raski - 1962 in Romania (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae)

Data on the occurrence and distribution of five species of Paratylenchus: P. curvitatus, P. microdorus, P. neoamblycephalus, P. nanus, P. projectus, and two species of Gracilacus: G. acicula and G. straeleni are given. Specimens of P. nan us, P. microdorus, P. projectus and G. straeleni collected from various habitats located in the Romanian Carpathians are studied by light microscopy. Brief descriptions, measurements, illustrations and data referring to the ecological conditions are provided.