Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
It’s about time! Time as a parameter for lexical and syntactic processing: an eye-tracking-while-listening investigation

ABSTRACT We examined the time-course of lexical activation, deactivation, and the syntactic operation of dependency linking during the online processing of object-relative sentence constructions using eye-tracking-while-listening. We explored how manipulating temporal aspects of the language input affects the tight lexical and syntactic temporal constraints found in sentence processing. The three temporal manipulations were (1) increasing the duration of the direct object noun, (2) adding the disfluency uh after the noun, and (3) replacing the disfluency with a silent pause. The findings from this experiment revealed that the disfluent and silence temporal manipulations enhanced the processing of subject and object noun phrases by modulating activation and deactivation. The manipulations also changed the time-course of dependency linking (increased reactivation of the direct object). The modulated activation dynamics of these lexical items are thought to play a role in mitigating interference and suggest that deactivation plays a beneficial role in complex sentence processing.
Anthropogenic Effects on the Contemporary Sediment Budget of the Lower Rhine‐Meuse Delta Channel Network

Deltas and estuaries worldwide face the challenge of capturing sufficient sediment to keep up with relative sea‐level rise. Knowledge about sediment pathways and fluxes is crucial to combat adverse effects on channel morphology, for example, erosion which enhances bank collapse and increasing tidal penetration. Here, we construct sediment budgets which quantify annual changes for the urbanized Rhine‐Meuse Delta of the Netherlands, a typical urban delta experiences changing fluvial and coastal fluxes of sediment, engineering works and dredging and dumping activities. The delta shows a negative sediment budget (more outgoing than incoming sediment) since the 1980s, due to anthropogenic intervention. Following a large offshore port expansion, dredging in ports and harbors in the region has doubled in the past 5 years, likely due to the induced change in net sediment fluxes. In addition, the deeper navigation channels, ports, and harbors are now trapping siltier sediment, changing the sediment composition in the mouth. The removal of sediment by dredging is adverse to the necessity for sediment in heavily eroding branches. To allow for sustainable sediment management in the future and to cope with sea‐level rise, further measurements are required to properly quantify the amount of incoming sediment at the boundaries of the system and the internal mechanisms of transport. The varied response of the branches has important consequences for navigation, ecology and flood safety and management of the sediment in the system. These effects will be of pivotal importance in coming decades with similar implications for many urbanized deltas worldwide.
COVID-19 and Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Case Series, Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) profoundly impacts hemostasis and microvasculature. In the light of the dilemma between thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications, in the present paper, we systematically investigate the prevalence, mortality, radiological subtypes, and clinical characteristics of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we performed a systematic review of the literature by screening the PubMed database and included patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and concomitant ICH. We performed a pooled analysis, including a prospectively collected cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients with ICH, as part of the PANDEMIC registry (Pooled Analysis of Neurologic Disorders Manifesting in Intensive Care of COVID-19). Results: Our literature review revealed a total of 217 citations. After the selection process, 79 studies and a total of 477 patients were included. The median age was 58.8 years. A total of 23.3% of patients experienced the critical stage of COVID-19, 62.7% of patients were on anticoagulation and 27.5% of the patients received ECMO. The prevalence of ICH was at 0.85% and the mortality at 52.18%, respectively. Conclusion: ICH in COVID-19 patients is rare, but it has a very poor prognosis. Different subtypes of ICH seen in COVID-19, support the assumption of heterogeneous and multifaceted pathomechanisms contributing to ICH in COVID-19. Further clinical and pathophysiological investigations are warranted to resolve the conflict between thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications in the future.
10 Fate and Transport of Anthropogenic Cyanide in Soil and Groundwater

10.1 Distribution and Speciation of Cyanide at Industrial Sites . 192 10.1.1 Cyanide in Soil . 192 10.1.2 Cyanide in Groundwater . 193 10.2 Impact of Site Geochemistry on Speciation and Distribution of Cyanide . 193 10.3 Important Fate Processes for Cyanide. 196 10.3. 1 Physicochemical Fate Processes. 196 10.3. 1.1 Precipitation . 196 10.3. 1.2 Adsorption. 196 10.3. 1.3 Photodissociation . 198 10.3. 1.4 Volatilization . 198 10.3. 1.5 Phytoextraction. 199 10.3. 2 Biological Fate Processes . 199 10.4 Transport of Cyanide in Soil and Groundwater at Contaminated Sites . 200 10.4. 1 Cyanide Mobility in Soils. 200 10.4. 2 Cyanide Mobility in Groundwater . 202 10.5 Summary and Conclusions . 205 References . 205
Overview of pediatric obesity: diagnosis, epidemiology, and significance

최근 수십 년간 전 세계적으로 비만은 증가하고 있으며, 이러한 현상은 우리나라에서도 마찬가지이다. 최근 40여 년 간 전 세계적으로 소아청소년 비만은 약 8배 정도 증가하였 다[1]. 우리나라의 경우도 지난 수십 년간 소아청소년 비만 의 유병률이 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다[2-4]. 소아청소 년 비만은 여러 가지 질환을 동반할 수 있고, 건강 관련 비용 을 증가시킨다. 또한, 성인 비만으로 이어질 가능성이 많으 며, 성인기에 심혈관 질환을 포함한 여러 질환의 원인이 되 기도 한다. 이러한 이유로 소아청소년 비만은 사회적으로 중 요한 건강문제가 되었다. 이러한 소아청소년 비만을 해결하기 위해서는 소아청소년 비만에 대한 적절한 진단과 함께, 비만의 동반 질환에 대한 평가도 이루어져야 한다. 하지만 비만이 발생한 후 조절하는 것이 쉽지 않기 때문에 무엇보다 소아청소년 비만을 예방하 는 것이 중요하다. 소아청소년 비만을 해결하기 위해서, 비 만한 소아청소년뿐 아니라 모든 소아청소년에게 성장 발달 과정에 맞는 교육과 상담이 권장되고 있다. 소아청소년 비만의 개요: 진단, 역학 및 중요성
Effect of the Diets Supplemented with Artichoke and Shrimp by-Products on Obese Rats

DOI: 10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2021. 169609 Home Economics Dept Agric. , Fac. of Agric. El-Shatby, Alexandria Univ., Alexandria, Egypt. Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, El-Sabahia, Egypt. Food Science & Technology Dept., Fac. of Agric. El-Shatby,21545, Alexandria Univ., Alexandria , Egypt Dept.of animal and Fish Production, Fac. of Agric. El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria , Egypt. Received April 04, 2021, Accepted May 05, 2021. ABSTRACT
Preparation and Antimicrobial Properties of Alginate and Serum Albumin/Glutaraldehyde Hydrogels Impregnated with Silver(I) Ions

Calcium alginate (CaALG) hydrogel beads and two sets of composite beads, formed from a combination of calcium alginate/propylene glycol alginate/human serum albumin (CaALG/PGA/HSA) and from calcium alginate with the quaternary ammonium salt, (3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (QA), (CaALG/QA), were prepared. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was condensed with glutaraldehyde (GLA) to form a BSA/GLA hydrogel. The corresponding Ag+-containing gels of all of the above hydrogels were also formed, and slow leaching of the biocidal transition metal ion from the gels bestowed broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. In the absence of added Ag+, CaALG/QA was the only material to deliver marginal to moderate antibacterial and antifungal effects. The Ag+ impregnated hydrogel systems have the potential to maintain the antimicrobial properties of silver, minimising the risk of toxicity, and act as reservoirs to afford ongoing sterility.
Flood season segmentation and scheme optimization in the Yellow River

River flood season segmentation is a significant measure for flood prevention. This study aims to carry out theoretical analysis on flood season segmentation methods and put forward a framework for proper flood season segmentation through comparison between different segmentation methods. The studied framework consists of a Fisher optimal partition method for determining the optimum numbers of the sub-seasons, an ensemble approach for segmenting a defined flood season, and a nonparametric bootstrap combined with a fuzzy optimum selection method (NB-FOS) for testing the rationality of the flood season staging schemes. The present research findings show that different methods could result in different staging schemes. It is proved through rational analysis that the staging scheme obtained by probability change point (PCP) is superior to others. The flood season of the downstream reach of the Yellow River can be segmented into three sub-seasons, i.e. early flood season (01 June–20 July), main flood season (21 July–28 September), and late flood season (29 September–08 November). The segmentation results of the flood season should play an active role in flood prevention.
Dynamic inventory control with payment delay and credit limit

The credit limit is the maximum amount of accounts payable (AP) that a firm owes to its supplier. This limit establishes a tie between the effective purchasing cost and the order quantity as well as the AP level. We present a multi‐period stochastic inventory model with payment delay and credit limit. Our model aims to capture the property of the optimal ordering policy with respect to the AP and inventory states. For the backlogging and lost‐sales cases, we present the method to reduce the dimension of state space. In both cases, the optimal order quantity is demonstrated to be decreasing in the AP and inventory level of each age. In addition, the sensitivity of the optimal order quantity with respect to the AP decreases with age. That is, the optimal order quantity is more sensitive to the younger AP. In the backlogging case, the base‐stock policy is not optimal due to the presence of credit limits. Somewhat surprisingly, our numerical example shows that the optimal order quantity is not necessarily increasing in the credit limit. Finally, based on the L♮‐convexity of the cost‐to‐go function, we design a linear programming greedy heuristic policy for the infinite‐horizon version of our model with independent and identically distributed demands. Numerical results show that our heuristic policy performs well.
Helping intention, trust and performance appraisal in the context of culture, power and group: a scenario-based experiment

This study aims to examine helping intention, trust, and performance appraisal which are critical variables of the organizational environment, in the context of culture, power, and group. In accordance with this purpose, the helping intention, trust level, and performance scores towards employees are examined according to the values/norms, being high-power/low-power, and being ingroup/outgroup. Therefore, the scenario-based experimental method, which is not common in the management literature but powerful in explaining the causality between variables, is used in a 2x2x2 factorial design. As a result of the analysis carried out, it is seen that the performance scores and the helping intention stated in the context of values are higher compared to norms, while the level of trust is lower. It is also found out that performance scores and helping intention towards ingroup are higher compared to the outgroup. Here, contrary to expectations, it is seen that the level of trust does not differ according to ingroup or outgroup. Finally, it is determined that high-power individuals give lower performance scores and demonstrate lower levels of trust and helping intention compared to low-power individuals. The results also showed that there are some 2-way relations of independent variables that are effective on dependent variables.
A Collaborative Region Detection and Grading Framework for Forest Fire Smoke Using Weakly Supervised Fine Segmentation and Lightweight Faster-RCNN

Forest fires are serious disasters that affect countries all over the world. With the progress of image processing, numerous image-based surveillance systems for fires have been installed in forests. The rapid and accurate detection and grading of fire smoke can provide useful information, which helps humans to quickly control and reduce forest losses. Currently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have yielded excellent performance in image recognition. Previous studies mostly paid attention to CNN-based image classification for fire detection. However, the research of CNN-based region detection and grading of fire is extremely scarce due to a challenging task which locates and segments fire regions using image-level annotations instead of inaccessible pixel-level labels. This paper presents a novel collaborative region detection and grading framework for fire smoke using a weakly supervised fine segmentation and a lightweight Faster R-CNN. The multi-task framework can simultaneously implement the early-stage alarm, region detection, classification, and grading of fire smoke. To provide an accurate segmentation on image-level, we propose the weakly supervised fine segmentation method, which consists of a segmentation network and a decision network. We aggregate image-level information, instead of expensive pixel-level labels, from all training images into the segmentation network, which simultaneously locates and segments fire smoke regions. To train the segmentation network using only image-level annotations, we propose a two-stage weakly supervised learning strategy, in which a novel weakly supervised loss is proposed to roughly detect the region of fire smoke, and a new region-refining segmentation algorithm is further used to accurately identify this region. The decision network incorporating a residual spatial attention module is utilized to predict the category of forest fire smoke. To reduce the complexity of the Faster R-CNN, we first introduced a knowledge distillation technique to compress the structure of this model. To grade forest fire smoke, we used a 3-input/1-output fuzzy system to evaluate the severity level. We evaluated the proposed approach using a developed fire smoke dataset, which included five different scenes varying by the fire smoke level. The proposed method exhibited competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Healing and Resilience after Trauma (HaRT) Yoga: programming with survivors of human trafficking in Uganda

ABSTRACT Human trafficking violates fundamental rights and undermines lifelong well-being for survivors. There is an urgent need for evidence-based interventions for women and girls who have been trafficked, including those that can be implemented in low-resource settings. In this paper, we describe the purpose, structure, and preliminary results from a promising new approach, Healing and Resilience after Trauma (HaRT) Yoga, developed and piloted in Kampala, Uganda. HaRT Yoga is a twelve-week psycho-social intervention for women and girls who have experienced human trafficking. It aims to create a nurturing environment where participants can strengthen their inner resilience, build a supportive community, and overcome the psychological effects of trauma. The group-based programme involves weekly sessions that integrate yoga poses alongside breathwork, visualizations, mindfulness practices, and theme-based discussions. Overall results from an initial pilot (2017) were promising; participants experienced reductions in depression symptoms and improvements in self-rated emotional and physical health. Further, we found the programme was acceptable and feasible to implement in a shelter-based setting. Findings underscore the potential promise of this low cost, somatic approach to social work practice with trauma survivors, suggesting that a more rigorous evaluation of impact is warranted.
SoilGrids 2.0: producing soil information for the globe with quantified spatial uncertainty

Abstract. SoilGrids produces maps of soil properties for the entire globe at medium spatial resolution (250 m cell size) using state-of-the-art machine learning methods to generate the necessary models. It takes as inputs soil observations from about 240 000 locations worldwide and over 400 global environmental covariates describing vegetation, terrain morphology, climate, geology and hydrology. The aim of this work was the production of global maps of soil properties, with cross-validation, hyper-parameter selection and quantification of spatially explicit uncertainty, as implemented in the SoilGrids version 2.0 product incorporating state-of-the-art practices and adapting them for global digital soil mapping with legacy data. The paper presents the evaluation of the global predictions produced for soil organic carbon content, total nitrogen, coarse fragments, pH (water), cation exchange capacity, bulk density and texture fractions at six standard depths (up to 200 cm). The quantitative evaluation showed metrics in line with previous global, continental and large-region studies. The qualitative evaluation showed that coarse-scale patterns are well reproduced. The spatial uncertainty at global scale highlighted the need for more soil observations, especially in high-latitude regions.
Development and Validation of a Novel Indicator of Visual Disability in the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Abstract Background and Objectives The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) is an ongoing, nationally representative panel study of older adults that collects data on health and disability, including measures on self-reported visual disability (SRVD). Prior studies assessing the association of SRVD with other measures of healthy aging have classified participants as having or not having SRVD, which does not capture the full spectrum of SRVD reported by participants. Therefore, we sought to develop and validate an ordinal indicator of SRVD to facilitate research on the impact of late-life SRVD on health and disability in NHATS. Research Design and Methods We used 2015 NHATS data with community-dwelling participants who answered survey questions about visual functioning and vision aid use. Based on responses, participants were categorized into one of 6 groups: blind, near and distance SRVD without vision aid use, near and distance SRVD with vision aid use, near or distance SRVD without vision aid use, near or distance SRVD with vision aid use, or no SRVD. Multivariable Poisson regression models assessed convergent validity of the ordinal SRVD scale with functional activity and well-being scores, while adjusting for demographic factors and medical comorbidities. Results Of the 7061 eligible individuals, 8.3% (n = 742) reported SRVD. Using our novel ordinal indicator of SRVD in NHATS, higher levels of SRVD were significantly associated with lower functional activity scores (p < .001 for all) and subjective well-being (p < .001), except for participants reporting blindness. Significant differences between SRVD groups were found, which could not be captured using a binary SRVD variable. Discussion and Implications A novel 6-level SRVD scale in NHATS demonstrated convergent validity with functional activity and well-being scales. This scale provides a new tool with improved measurement precision to study the impact of late-life SRVD on health and disability in a nationally representative study of older adults.
Effect of Profitability, Company Size, Capital Structure, and Liquidity Risk on Firm Value of Indonesian Banks

The main objective of any firm is to maximize shareholder's wealth, which can be seen from firm value. This study aims to analyze and explain the effect of profitability, company size, capital structure, and liquidity risk on firm value banking companies in Indonesia. The population of this study is all banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with an observation period of 2017-2018. The sample selection using a purposive sampling method. Data have both cross-section and time variation. Analysis and hypothesis testing were carried out by using a linear regression analysis using Eviews 11. The results showed that investors viewed that the company's overall profits from its business activities could increase its share price. The capital structure owned by the public relatively small, which meant that the company could provide a source of funds from within the company in the form of the owner's capital or retained earnings. Funds obtained from loans, if they were not followed by the ability to manage funds or were not channeled back to the community, would cause interest expenses and destroy profits. This condition results in investors selling their shares. Investors in making investment decisions paid attention to one indicator at a time and paid attention to all the factors that determined the company's value.
An analysis of the surgical outcomes of laparoendoscopic single-site myomectomy and multi-port laparoscopic myomectomy

Background This study sought to compare the surgical results of patients undergoing a laparoendoscopic single-site myomectomy (LESS-M) and a conventional laparoscopic myomectomy (CLM) at our hospital. Methods The basic data of 233 patients undergoing LESS-M and 233 patients undergoing CLM at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University were collected from January 2018 to January 2020, and the results of the operations were compared by evaluating a number of factors, including operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative fever, and postoperative maximum body temperature. Results The operation times of the LESS-M and CLM groups were 83.9±33.4 and 75.2±26.7 min, respectively; the difference between the groups was statistically significant. The surgical blood loss of the LESS-M group was 86.1±76.9 mL, and that of the CLM group was 83.8±79.9 mL (P>0.05). When the diameter of a fibroid was ≥8 cm, a fibroid was located in the posterior wall or the number of fibroids was ≥4, the operation time of the CLM group was shorter than that of the LESS-M group. When the diameter of a fibroid was ≥8 cm, the blood loss of the CLM group was less than that of the LESS-M group. Conclusions LESS-M is safe and feasible. If the diameter of a fibroid is ≥8 cm, the fibroid is located in the posterior wall, or the number of fibroids is ≥4, the utility of single-port surgery should be carefully considered.
Synthesis, structural study and thermal behaviour of a new compound: trirubidium bis(hydrogen sulphate) dihydrogen arsenate Rb3(HSO4)2.5(H2AsO4)0.5

ABSTRACT Mixed crystals Rb3(HSO4)2.5(H2AsO4)0.5 have been prepared by slow evaporation from aqueous solution at room temperature. The crystals were characterized by X-ray single analysis, which revealed that Rb3(HSO4)2.5(H2AsO4)0.5 crystallizes in the space group P with lattice parameters: a = 7.471(3) Å; b = 7.636(1) Å; c = 12.193(2) Å; α = 71.91(1)°; β = 73.04(6)° and γ = 88.77(2)°. In this structure, the ordered S(1)O4 and the disordered S(3)/AsO4 tetrahedra are connected by O–H.O hydrogen bonds, to a zigzag chains running in the b-direction. These chains are, in turn, bonded to one another by disordered hydrogen bridges O–H.H–O, to give a planar structure, with hydrogen-bonded sheets, laying parallel to (1 0 0). Each disordered tetrahedron is linked to a tetrahedron neighbouring S(2)O4 by ordered hydrogen bonds. Broader peaks in IR spectrum of the title material support the assumption of disordered structure. Thermal analysis of the superprotonic transition in Rb3(HSO4)2.5(H2AsO4)0.5 showed that the transformation to the high-temperature phase occurs by one-step process at 404 K. Thermal decomposition of this compound takes place at much higher temperatures, with an onset of approximately 473 K.