Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Metabolites Of Green Algae Caulerpa Spp. To Discover Putative Inhibitors Of Dpp-4, A New Antidiabetic Target Protein

Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a serious global health threat, claiming a million lives every year and affecting nearly 9% of the adult population who suffer from this impaired insulin sensitivity disease. The Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme has recently attracted attention because of its crucial role in insulin signaling, making this enzyme an interesting and emerging target for antidiabetic drug discovery. This study aimed to explore reported metabolites from marine algae of the genus Caulerpa as DPP-4 inhibitors through computational studies using CB-dock 2, Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler, SwissAdme, and pkCMS. Molecular docking allowed the identification of 7 hit compounds with strong binding affinities (8.4 kcal to 9.3 kcal/mol) against DPP-4 target enzyme PDB ID: 3G4I. Four hits showed stronger binding affinity than two DPP-4 specific inhibitors and FDA-approved antidiabetic drugs, sitagliptin (8.4 kcal/mol) and linagliptin (9.0 kcal/mol). Following a molecular modification of the hit compounds using a bioisosterism-like approach and ADMET evaluation with pkCMS, three putative DPP-4 inhibitors were identified. They showed either stronger binding affinities or better ADMET profiles than sitagliptin and linagliptin, suggesting their promising potential as DPP-4 inhibitors. However, further optimized bioisoterism, in silico and in vivo studies, and clinical-based trials are required to confirm their antidiabetic activity. Keywords: Antidiabetic, Caulerpa racemosa, caulerpin, DPP-4
Cnnformer: Transformer-Based Semantic Information Enhancement Framework for Behavior Recognition

Behavior recognition is a vital task in computer vision. While, semantic information extraction is still insufficient in behavior recognition models. In this paper, we propose an improved behavior recognition model, which is called Cnnformer, to alleviate the problem of inadequate semantic information extraction. Cnnformer is transformer-based semantic information enhancement model for behavior recognition. In Cnnformer, a new attention mechanism is designed and introduced into the encoder module. This attention mechanism uses dilated convolution to capture static context information, trigger mining dynamic context information, and obtain the final fused dynamic and static context information. In addition, four layers of convolution are added in front of the encoder module, which has a strong induction bias to extract the superficial feature representation (such as color, geometry, texture, etc.). Finally, Cnnformer combines the convolution module and the attention module into the encoder module to simultaneously learn both local and global features, so as to enhance visual representation. Experimental results show that Cnnformer has higher performance in behavior recognition, and the accuracy of Top-1 is 3.4% higher than that of the basic model in the Kinetics-400 dataset.
Trichoderma asperellum in the biocontrol of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense

Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense are pathogens causing trunk canker in Carya illioniensis and there are still no reports of effective forms of control. However, biological control is a promising measure. The objective of this work was to isolate, identify and evaluate the action of Trichoderma spp. in the in vitro con-trol of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense and to identify the compounds produced by the antagonist. Trichoderma spp. was identified by molecular technique and morphologically characterized. The antagonistic action of T. asperellum isolates (obtained from the rhizospheric soil, and of an isolate obtained from a commercial formulation) was evaluated by pairing cultures and volatile metabolites on L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense . Optimization of the cultivation method of T. asperellum was carried out and the compounds produced by the antagonist were identified by gas chromatography. Isolates obtained from the soil were identified as T. asperellum and decreased mycelial growth of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense in the crop pairing test (48.98% S6 x Qt), as well as by volatile metabolites (29.85% SM21 x TR4). The cultivation conditions that generated the filtrates with the greatest antifungal action used 20 g · l –1 of corn maceration water, yeast extract 7.5 g · l –1 , pH 5, agitation 100 rpm, sucrose 50 g · l –1 , inoculum concentration 10 5 spores /ml. Among the identified compounds, some stood out for having bioactive action, such as pyran derivatives, celidoniol, deoxy, pentadecanoicacid, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-me-thyl, propanoicacid, 1-methylethyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid. The T. asperellum isolates showed potential for biocontrol in vitro , acting by different mechanisms.
Experimental characterization of the TOFPET2 ASIC

We present the experimental characterization of the TOFPET2, a readout and digitization ASIC for radiation detectors using Silicon Photomultipliers. The circuit is designed in CMOS 110 nm technology, has 64 independent channels and is optimized for time-of-flight measurement in PET or other applications. The chip has quad-buffered TDCs and charge integration QDCs in each channel. The Coincidence Time Resolution (CTR) of 511 keV photon pairs from a 22Na point source measured with 2 × 2 × 3 mm3 LSO:Ce crystals co-doped with 0.2% Ca is 118 and 119 ps FWHM when using respectively the SiPMs NUVHD 40um from Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) and the S14160-3050HS MPPC from Hamamatsu Photonics (HPK). The energy resolution obtained for the 511keV photopeak is 10.5 and 12% FWHM when using respectively the SiPMs PM3325-WB from KETEK and the QFBR-S4N44P164S from Broadcom Inc.
Immediate Implant Placement with Flap or Flapless Surgery

Article information Background: The practice of immediately placing dental implants has grown widespread in the field of oral implantology, and there is ongoing discussion on the optimal surgical technique, namely whether to use a flap or flapless approach. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the results of these two procedures in relation to gum health, bleeding during probing, soft tissue thickness, implant durability, bone loss, and bone density. The Aim of the work: We aim to examine and contrast the results of instantaneous implant implantation operations using two distinct surgical methods: flap surgery and flapless surgery. Patients and Methods: A total of forty patients who were scheduled for implant surgery at the Maxillofacial Department Surgery were assigned to two distinct groups: Group I, which underwent flapless surgery, and Group II, which underwent flap surgery. The study evaluated various parameters including the gum health index, bleeding during probing, soft tissue thickness around and on top of the implants, implant stability, bone loss, and bone density. These assessments were conducted at the start of the trial and again after a 6-month follow-up. Results: There were no notable disparities in the average gum health index and bleeding during probing between the two groups at the start and after 6 months. There were no notable variations in the thickness of the soft tissue surrounding the teeth on the sides. Nevertheless, the thickness of the soft tissue covering the teeth was notably reduced in the group that underwent flap surgery. The implant stability was similar in both groups. Conclusion: Flapless surgery exhibited similar results to flap surgery in terms of gum health, bleeding during probing, soft tissue thickness, and implant stability. Nevertheless, it shown benefits in preserving the thickness of the soft tissue above the teeth and preventing excessive bone loss and decreased bone
Performance Assessment of Submergence tolerance Rice variety in Flood prone areas of Dibrugarh, Assam, India

A three years field demonstration was conducted under Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dibrugarh during 2020, 2021 and 2022 in flood prone situation to increase the present low yield of traditional rice variety through adoption of submergence tolerant high yielding rice variety with improved package of practices. The results revealed that rice var. Ranjit Sub 1 yielded maximum average 50.24 qt ha-1 after submergence period of 7 days followed by Jalashree (38.50 qt ha-1), Jalkuwari (38.70 qt ha-1) where as 29.62 qt ha-1 received from traditional rice variety after same submergence period. The variation was also obtained in net income received from Ranjit sub -1 Rs. 21,398/- ha-1 was more as compared to Jalkuwari (Rs.11,060/- ha-1), Jalashree (Rs. 10,850/- ha-1)and traditional rice variety that provides Rs.1,620 ha-1 only. Rice variety Ranjit Sub -1 showed 5.46 qt ha-1, 20.92 qt ha-1 and 9.76% Technology gap, Extension gap and Technology index respectively where as rice variety Jalashree and Jalkuwari showed 6.50 qt ha-1 and 6.30 qt ha-1 and 8.88 qt ha-1 and 9.08qtha-1 and 14.44 % and 14.00% Technology gap, Extension gap and Technology index respectively. From the experiment all the submergence tolerant high yielding rice variety performed better as compared to traditional rice variety and can be the alternative for the rice growers in flood prone areas of the district to decrease their production loss due to flood situation.
The Effects of Individual Characteristics, Employees Commitment, Job Stress on Job Satisfaction and Employees Performance in PT. Timbul Persada in Tuban East Java

Human resources have a very important role in the company's activities. Therefore, the contribution of employees is needed for the company to achieve its objectives. The purpose of this study is to attest and analyze the influence of individual characteristics, employee commitment, job stress on job satisfaction and employee performance on PT. Timbul Persada Tuban East Java. This research uses the type of causality research with quantitative approach. Population taken in this research is all staff and manager at PT. Timbul Persada who is a permanent employee. Using total sampling technique with 95 employees. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis technique used is SEM analysis with PLS program. the results of the study were accepting the hypotheses 1,3,4,5 and 7 while the hypotheses 2 and 6 were rejected.
Observation of root architecture at vegetative stage of drought tolerant rice genotypes using mini pot method

One of the important root traits affecting drought tolerant in rice crop is root architecture. Sufficient number of vertical and deep root growth supports for higher capability of water and nutrient intake by plant. This research aimed to evaluate drought tolerance of 60 rice genotypes based on number and proportion of vertical root growth. The experiment was managed according to randomized complete block design of three replications. A pot is representing a unit data. The experiment was conducted in ICRR screen house in Sukamandi during October to December 2016. The seeds were placed on a modified sunken sieve in pot with soil media. The sieve was separated into three zones, i.e. representing vertical, medium, and horizontal root growth. The plant was established in optimum water condition for 42 days. The results showed that 42 genotypes had comparable root architecture with IR64 Dro1 line, a line having Dro1 gene which controlled vertical root growth. Among them, Inpari21, BP16178M-1D-SKI-13-8-1, HHZ5-SKI-7-1-0Kr-JK-IND, Inpari18, Towuti, and Bahbutong (1182) had either high number of vertical root growth (more than 10 roots) as well as high proportion of the vertical root growth (more than 40%). The genotypes were suspected to have good drought tolerant due to the root architecture.
DNA Damage by Radiopharmaceuticals and Mechanisms of Cellular Repair

DNA is an organic molecule that is highly vulnerable to chemical alterations and breaks caused by both internal and external factors. Cells possess complex and advanced mechanisms, including DNA repair, damage tolerance, cell cycle checkpoints, and cell death pathways, which together minimize the potentially harmful effects of DNA damage. However, in cancer cells, the normal DNA damage tolerance and response processes are disrupted or deregulated. This results in increased mutagenesis and genomic instability within the cancer cells, a known driver of cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. On the other hand, the inherent instability of the genome in rapidly dividing cancer cells can be exploited as a tool to kill by imposing DNA damage with radiopharmaceuticals. As the field of targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is rapidly growing in oncology, it is crucial to have a deep understanding of the impact of systemic radiation delivery by radiopharmaceuticals on the DNA of tumors and healthy tissues. The distribution and activation of DNA damage and repair pathways caused by RPT can be different based on the characteristics of the radioisotope and molecular target. Here we provide a comprehensive discussion of the biological effects of RPTs, with the main focus on the role of varying radioisotopes in inducing direct and indirect DNA damage and activating DNA repair pathways.
Susceptibility Profile and Epidemiological Cut-Off Values Are Influenced by Serotype in Fish Pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae

Streptococcus agalactiae is a major health concern in tilapia farming worldwide. In contrast to the availability of susceptibility profile results, interpretative criteria for disk diffusion assays and the influence of serotypes on resistance profiles are not available. To address this, sixty isolates (thirty of each serotype, Ib and III) were evaluated using the disk diffusion assay against six antibiotics, and the epidemiological cut-off value (ECV) was calculated. All the isolates were classified as non-wild type (NWT) for sulfamethoxazole (SUT) and norfloxacin (NOR). The inhibition zones for oxytetracycline (OXY) and doxycycline (DOX) were largely distinct; all serotype Ib and III isolates were classified as wild-type (WT) and NWT, respectively. The results for serotype III of fish group B Streptococcus (GBS) were comparable to the NWT tetracycline profile of human GBS available in EUCAST, suggesting the presence of resistance mechanisms in these fish isolates. The calculation of the cut-off wild type (COWT) values for OXY and DOX was appropriate for both serotypes. Differences between the distribution of florfenicol (FLO) and amoxicillin (AMO) were found, and we attribute this to the faster growth rate of serotype III, which promotes smaller inhibition zones. Therefore, using separate COWT for each serotype is necessary. In conclusion, the serotype of fish GBS affects its susceptibility profile, and it is recommended to use serotype-specific COWT values as interpretative criteria for disk diffusion assays against FLO and AMO.
Large mammals and Neanderthal paleoecology in the Altai Mountains (Central Asia, Russia)

Analysis of large mammal bone assemblage from the Mousterian sites of Denisova Cave and the Ust-Karakol 1 open-air locality in the Altai Region of Central Asia revealed that they were accumulated both by ancient people and nonhuman predators. The latter appear to have play a greater role in accumulating bones in the cave than at the open air site. The results indicate that Mousterian humans probably were capable of actively hunting large and medium mammals
Efficacy of Chitosan, Pectin and Xanthan as Cold Gelling Agents in Emulsion Gels Stabilized with Legume Proteins to Be Used as Pork Backfat Replacers in Beef Burgers

This study aimed to develop stable emulsion gels enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids, formulated with a mixture of olive (75%) and linseed (25%) oils, by incorporating two different stabilizers—pea and soy protein isolates—and three different cold gelling agents—chitosan, pectin and xanthan—to be used as pork backfat replacers in beef burgers. The color, pH, stability and textural properties of the emulsion gels were analyzed as affected by cold storage (4 °C, 7 days). Proximate composition, fatty acid content, technological and sensory properties were determined after burger processing. Meanwhile, color, pH, textural parameters and lipid oxidation were monitored in burgers at 0, 5 and 10 days of storage at 4 °C. A reduction of the fat content between 21.49% and 39.26% was achieved in the reformulated burgers as compared with the control, while the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio decreased from 5.11 to 0.62. The highest moisture and fat retention were found in reformulated burgers made with xanthan, both with pea and soy proteins; however, their textural properties were negatively affected. The reformulated burgers made with chitosan were rated highest for sensory attributes and overall acceptability, not significantly different from the controls.
Attributing seasonal pH variability in surface ocean waters to governing factors

On‐going ocean acidification and increasing availability of high‐frequency pH data have stimulated interest to understand seasonal pH dynamics in surface waters. Here we show that it is possible to accurately reproduce observed pH values by combining seasonal changes in temperature (T), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and total alkalinity (TA) from three time series stations with novel pH sensitivity factors. Moreover, we quantify the separate contributions of T, DIC, and TA changes to winter‐to‐summertime differences in pH, which are in the ranges of −0.0334 to −0.1237, 0.0178 to 0.1169, and −0.0063 to 0.0234, respectively. The effects of DIC and temperature are therefore largely compensatory, and are slightly tempered by changes in TA. Whereas temperature principally drives pH seasonality in low‐latitude to midlatitude systems, winter‐to‐summer DIC changes are most important at high latitudes. This work highlights the potential of pH sensitivity factors as a tool for quantifying the driving mechanisms behind pH changes.
DIFFERENCES OF BIOACTIVE COMPOSITE RESIN COLOR ON IMMERSION IN ALCOHOL AND NON-ALCOHOL MOUTHWASH

Background: Composite resin is the most used material for caries restoration and highly chosen by dental patients regarding it’s high aesthetic value. People often use mouthwash to maintain dental and oral hygiene, both those containing alcohol and non-alcohol. According to several studies, the alcohol in mouthwash will cause a decrease in the physical properties of the composite resin, such as surface roughness, compressive strength, hardness, and also the aesthetic value of the composite resin. Objective: To determine the difference of bioactive composite resin color on immersion in alcohol and non alcohol mouthwash. Methods: Experimental laboratory with a pre-test and post-test with control group design using 27 samples of composite resin with a diameter of 15 mm and 1 mm. The samples were divided into 3 groups, namely the immersion group in alcoholic mouthwash, non-alcohol, and aquades. Each group consisted of 9 samples to be measured the value of color change before and after immersion for 12 hours. Results: The results of the One Way ANOVA statistical test showed that there was an effect of soaking mouthwash on the color of the bioactive composite resin. The Post Hoc LSD test showed between the alcohol and non-alcohol mouthwash group, as well as alcohol and distilled water group had a significant difference, but not in the non-alcohol mouthwash and distilled water group. Conclusion: The immersion in both alcohol and non- alcohol mouthwash are significantly affecting the color changing in bioactive composite resin. The value of color changing between mouthwash goups are significantly different. Keywords: Bioactive composite resin, discoloration, liquid absorption, mouthwash.
Vagal Stimulation Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats

Background: The harmful consequences of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are posing an increasing threat to public health as the incidence of diabetes and obesity increases globally. A non-invasive treatment with a range of autonomic and metabolic benefits is transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS). Aim of the study: To investigate the possible preventive impacts of VNS against adult rats’ NAFLD caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A total of thirty-two adult male rats were split into two groups: the HFD-induced NAFLD group (n = 24) and the control normal group (n = 8). The obesogenic diet was maintained for 12 weeks to induce hepatic steatosis. The HFD-induced NAFLD group (n = 24) was separated into three groups: the group without treatment (n = 8), the group with sham stimulation (n = 8), and the group with VNS treatment (n = 8). VNS was delivered for 30 min per day for 6 weeks after the establishment of NAFLD using a digital TENS device. The subsequent assessments included hepatic triglyceride, cholesterol content, serum lipid profile, and liver function testing. In this context, inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6) and hepatic oxidative stress (MDA, SOD, and GPx) were also assessed. To clarify the possible mechanisms behind the protective benefits of VNS, additional histological inspection and immunohistochemistry analysis of TNF-α and Caspase-3 were performed. Results: In the NAFLD-affected obese rats, VNS markedly decreased the rats’ body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference (AC). Liver function markers (albumin, ALT, and AST) and the serum lipid profile—which included a notable decrease in the amounts of hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol—were both markedly improved. Additionally, oxidative stress and inflammatory indicators showed a considerable decline with VNS. Notably, the liver tissues examined by histopathologists revealed that there is evidence of the protective impact of VNS on the oxidative and inflammatory states linked to HFD-induced NAFLD while maintaining the architectural and functional condition of the liver. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that VNS may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for managing NAFLD induced by obesity. It can be considered to be an effective adjuvant physiological intervention for the obese population with NAFLD to spare the liver against obesity-induced deleterious injury.
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and use of psychostimulants in Aotearoa, New Zealand: exploring the treatment gap.

Introduction Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting about 7% of those aged up to 12 years, 5% of teenagers and 3% of adults. It is associated with poor academic performance, substance abuse, criminality, poor social functioning and other negative outcomes. Psychotherapeutic treatment is moderately successful, whereas pharmacotherapy with stimulant medication is more efficacious and is recommended in many international guidelines. Anecdotal evidence suggests underuse of these medications in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Aim To estimate how many patients with ADHD are prescribed psychostimulants in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Methods National prescribing data for dexamphetamine and methylphenidate in 2022 were obtained and matched against estimated prevalence of ADHD by age. Results There is a significant treatment gap for which inability to access first-line medication is likely to be the predominant explanation. Discussion The data suggest failure of our health system to provide reasonable health care for a significant number of people with ADHD, and results in inequity in outcomes. New approaches are needed that will increase access to first-line medication, yet maintain appropriateness of diagnosis and limit risk of medication diversion.