Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paleoproterozoic Age Relationships in the Three Bluffs Archean Iron Formation-Hosted Gold Deposit, Committee Bay Greenstone Belt, Nunavut, Canada

The Three Bluffs gold deposit is located in the Committee Bay greenstone belt, which forms part of the Rae domain of the western Churchill province, Nunavut, Canada. Gold mineralization is hosted by iron formation of the Neoarchean volcanosedimentary Prince Albert Group, and is associated with silicification (quartz veining) and sulfidation of magnetite and other Fe-rich minerals. Conventional U-Pb zircon dating of a conformable dacite unit within the volcanosedimentary host-rock sequence and a crosscutting diorite intrusion confirm a ~2.7 Ga age for deposition of the supracrustal package. U-Pb monazite dates and Pb isotopic analyses of sulfides were obtained by laser ablation–multicollector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS). A subset of U-Pb monazite (1813.8 ± 8.7 Ma) and Re-Os arsenopyrite (1822 ± 21 Ma) dates, combined with a Pb-Pb secondary errorchron age for pyrite and arsenopyrite (1829 ± 77 Ma), suggest that gold mineralization associated with sulfidation of the iron formation occurred at ~1815 Ma, prior to high-grade (upper amphibolite facies) tectonometamorphism in the Three Bluffs area (D 2TB /(M 2TB ). An ~1815 Ma age for deposit formation is broadly consistent with evidence from elsewhere in the western Churchill province and to the southwest in Manitoba and Saskatchewan for a late Trans-Hudson (1.9–1.8 Ga) gold mineralizing event. The majority of U-Pb monazite ages form a second population at 1780.6 ± 4.2 Ma, similar to the age of the majority of Re-Os arsenopyrite analyses (1763 ± 11 Ma). These dates are thought to reflect the timing of peak M 2TB metamorphism. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of amphibole, biotite, and muscovite yielded plateau ages ranging from 1723.8 ± 9.0 Ma to 1710 ± 17 Ma, which are interpreted to record the timing of postpeak metamorphic cooling to below the respective closure temperatures for Ar diffusion in these minerals.
Effect of Aclidinium Bromide on Exacerbations in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe COPD: A Pooled Analysis of Five Phase III, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Studies

ABSTRACT We investigated the effect of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist aclidinium bromide on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations by pooling data from five randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group Phase III studies of 3–6 months’ duration. Data were pooled from the aclidinium 400 μg twice-daily (BID) and placebo arms (N = 2,521) and stratified by Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) group (A, B, C and D). Results showed that fewer patients experienced ≥1 exacerbation with aclidinium (any severity: 12.5%; moderate to severe: 10.9%) compared with placebo (any severity: 15.7%; moderate to severe: 13.3%) and the odds of experiencing ≥1 exacerbation of any severity were reduced in patients receiving aclidinium (odds ratio = 0.78, p = 0.039). Furthermore, aclidinium reduced the rate of exacerbations compared with placebo (any severity: rate ratio = 0.79, p = 0.026; moderate to severe: 0.80, p = 0.044). The time to first exacerbation of any severity was delayed with aclidinium compared with placebo (hazard ratio = 0.79, p = 0.026) and there was a numerical delay in time to first moderate-to-severe exacerbation. Finally, the effects of aclidinium on exacerbations versus placebo were greater in patients in GOLD Groups B and D; however, it is of note that only 10.7% of patients were classified in Group A or C. In summary, the results indicate that aclidinium 400 μg BID reduces the frequency of COPD exacerbations compared with placebo and that these effects are greater in symptomatic patients.
STUDIES ON THE SENSITIZATION OF ANIMALS WITH SIMPLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Xll. THE INFLUENCE OF EXCISION OF ALLERGENIC DEPOTS ON ONSET OF DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY AND TOLERANCE* BY EGON

In connection with studies on the rate and route of dispersal of small amounts of radiolabeled allergens--picryl chloride and dinitrochlorobenzene--from intradermal ear sites (1), the result of extirpating the injected ears at various fixed times was explored with regard to its affecting the capacity to develop contact hypersensitivity to the chemical allergen in question. The plan was to differentiate between immunologic effects of (a) chemical which had already escaped from the ear site and (b) the remaining portion which remained fixed locally for many hours or even days. Experiments of a similar type, but based on epicutaneous absorption of chemical allergens, had been undertaken by others. Frey and Wenk (2-4) extirpated sites on the flank of guinea pigs, on which 0.4--1.0 mg of 2:4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) had been deposited on a 3 mm area, and studied the critical period for interrupting onset of sensitivity and the effect of removing draining lymph nodes; the fate of the applied chemical was not traced. Turk et al., in extensive studies (5-7), applied large amounts, 5-20 mg, of allergens to the ear and studied the effects of removal of the ear and of the draining node at various times, as well as the cellular changes observed within the draining node. 1*Clabeled dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was also used (7) in tracing resultant soluble dinitrophenyl-protein complexes in their passage through the lymphatic system. Our findings have been different. Sensitization could be prevented if the site of injection was excised many hours or days after the injection, much longer than the workers quoted above, yet the chemical was found to escape readily from the site of deposition via the local blood vessels, and surprisingly not via the lymphatics. The differences in the pathways taken by chemical allergens and soluble proteins after intradermal injections appear to rest chiefly on the physicochemical properties of the allergenic chemicals such as molecular weight, lipid solu-
Effects of westerly wind bursts on El Niño: A new perspective

Daily observations from 1971 to 2010 reveal that every El Niño during this period was accompanied by congregated westerly wind bursts, suggesting a close relationship of these bursts with both “cold tongue” and “warm pool” El Niño events. With the addition of burst‐like multiplicative noise to an intermediate ocean‐atmosphere coupled model, it is shown that westerly wind bursts, by generating eastward equatorial surface currents and downwelling Kelvin waves, could be responsible for the existence of the warm pool El Niño and for the irregularity and extremes of the cold tongue El Niño. Whether these bursts give rise to one type of El Nino or the other depends on the timing of their occurrence relative to the phase of the recharge‐discharge cycle of the equatorial upper ocean heat content.
VLSI architecture for motion estimation in underwater imaging

El treball desenvolupat en aquesta tesi aprofundeix i aporta solucions innovadores en el camp orientat a tractar el problema de la correspondencia en imatges subaquatiques. En aquests entorns, el que realment complica les tasques de processat es la falta de contorns ben definits per culpa dimatges esborronades; un fet aquest que es deu fonamentalment a illuminacio deficient o a la manca duniformitat dels sistemes dilluminacio artificials. Els objectius aconseguits en aquesta tesi es poden remarcar en dues grans direccions. Per millorar lalgorisme destimacio de moviment es va proposar un nou metode que introdueix parametres de textura per rebutjar falses correspondencies entre parells dimatges. Un seguit dassaigs efectuats en imatges submarines reals han estat portats a terme per seleccionar les estrategies mes adients. Amb la finalitat daconseguir resultats en temps real, es proposa una innovadora arquitectura VLSI per la implementacio dalgunes parts de lalgorisme destimacio de moviment amb alt cost computacional.
Levels of Processing and Language Modality Specificity in Working Memory Levels of Processing and Language Modality Specificity in Working Memory

Keywords: Sign language Speech Working memory Levels of processing fMRI Semantic Phonological Orthographic a b s t r a c t Neural networks underpinning working memory demonstrate sign language specific components possibly related to differences in temporary storage mechanisms. A processing approach to memory systems suggests that the organisation of memory storage is related to type of memory processing as well. In the present study, we investigated for the first time semantic, phonological and orthographic processing in working memory for sign-and speech-based language. During fMRI we administered a picture-based 2-back working memory task with Semantic, Phonological, Orthographic and Baseline conditions to 11 deaf signers and 20 hearing non-signers. Behavioural data showed poorer and slower performance for both groups in Phonological and Orthographic conditions than in the Semantic condition, in line with depth-of-processing theory. An exclusive masking procedure revealed distinct sign-specific neural networks supporting working memory components at all three levels of processing. The overall pattern of sign-specific activations may reflect a relative intermodality difference in the relationship between phonology and semantics influencing working memory storage and processing. Working memory is the cognitive function that allows on-line processing and storage of information and is thus vital for everyday functioning and communication (e. Studies investigating the language modality specificity of working memory have revealed that although behavioural performance is similar across signed and speech-neural networks that support them, despite significant overlap, show clear evidence of language modality specificity, possibly related to differential organisation of storage mechanisms A processing approach to memory systems suggests that the organisation of memory storage is related to type of memory processing and includes both general and specific mechanisms (Nyberg, Forkstam, Petersson, Cabeza, & Ingvar, 2002). In the present study we investigate for the first time the specificity of semantic, phonological and orthographic processing in working memory and whether the neural representation of these processes is language modality specific. Signed languages are the preferred mode of communication for people who are born deaf (Emmorey, 2002). In signed languages, communication takes place in the visual mode as opposed to audiovisually, or simply auditorily, in speech communication. This means that cognitive processes mediated by sign language may bootstrap onto visual processes but also onto sign language-specific processes that are not primarily related to visual processing. This is analogous to speech-based cognition which is dependent on both lower-level auditory processes and higher cognitive processes (Davis & Johnsrude, 2003). However, signed language …
Bence Jones Proteins and Light Chains of Immunoglobulins PREFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION OF THE Vxv, SUBGROUP OF HUMAN LIGHT CHAINS WITH AMYLOIDOSIS AL(X)

An antiserum prepared against a A-Bence Jones protein from a patient (SUT) who had multiple myeloma and amyloidosis had specificity for X-light chains of the chemically defined variable (V) region X-chain subgroup XVI. Sequence analyses of protein SUT and of five other X-light chains recognized immunologically as of the VAVI subgroup revealed that all six proteins had the N-terminal sequence characteristic for prototype XVI proteins. The isotypic nature of the VAVI subgroup was demonstrated immunochemically: XVI molecules were detected among light chains isolated from the IgG proteins of each of 12 normal individuals and XVI antigenic determinants were also detectable on the intact IgG proteins. The frequency of XVI molecules among X-type light chains is esti-mated to be -5% based on the finding that 5 of 91 X Bence Jones proteins were of the V,\vI subgroup. Proteins of the VAVI subgroup, in contrast to those of the other five chemically-classified X chain subgroup, appear to be preferentially associated with the amyloid process as evidenced by the fact that all six XVI proteins were obtained from patients with amyloidosis AL and, in addition, 5 of 42 X-type monoclonal immunoglobulins from patients with primary or myeloma-associated amyloidosis were classified by immunodiffusion analyses as having XVI-type light chains.
Crevasse Deformation and Examples from Ice Stream B, Antarctica

Abstract Crevasses, once formed, are subject to rotation and bending according to the velocity field through which they travel. Because of this, crevasse shapes can be used to infer something about the velocity field of a glacier. This is done using a model in which each crevasse opens perpendicularly to the principal extensional strain-rate, when that strain-rate exceeds some specified critical value, and is then deformed according to the same velocity gradients that formed the crevasse. This model describes how crevasses are formed, translated, rotated, bent, and lengthened. Velocity fields are sought for which calculations produce crevasses approximating those found in three example areas on Ice Stream B, Antarctica. The first example is the hook-shaped crevasses that occur just outside the chaotic shear zone at the ice-stream margin. They are used to infer a rate of lateral shearing, and side drag. The second example, a pattern of splaying crevasses, is satisfactorily simulated by a model with side-drag stress varying linearly across the ice stream. This confirms that this region is restrained almost entirely by side drag. The third example is transverse crevasses and their change in orientation, but many different velocity fields can produce the observed pattern. Of these three examples, the shapes of hook-shaped marginal crevasses and splaying crevasses can provide useful information whereas transverse crevasses are less helpful.
Trend Analysis of Time-Series Phenology of North America Derived from Satellite Data

Remote sensing information has been used in studies of the seasonal dynamics (phenology) of the land surface since the 1980s. While our understanding of remote sensing phenology is still in development, it is regarded as a key to understanding land-surface processes over large areas. Phenologic metrics, including start of season, end of season, duration of season, and seasonally integrated greenness, were derived from 8 km advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data over North America spanning the years 1982-2003. Trend analysis was performed on annual summaries of the metrics to determine areas with increasing or decreasing growing season trends for the time period under study. Results show a trend toward earlier starts of season in limited areas of the mixed boreal forest, and a trend toward later end of season in well-defined areas of New England and southeastern Canada. Results in Saskatchewan, Canada, include a trend toward longer duration of season over a well-defined area, principally as a result of regional changes in land use practices. Changing seasonality appears to be an integrated response to a complex of factors, including climate change, but also, in many places, changes in land use practices.
Genetic instability triggered by G-quadruplex interacting Phen-DC compounds in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

G-quadruplexes are nucleic acid secondary structures for which many biological roles have been proposed but whose existence in vivo has remained elusive. To assess their formation, highly specific G-quadruplex ligands are needed. Here, we tested Phen-DC3 and Phen-DC6, two recently released ligands of the bisquinolinium class. In vitro, both compounds exhibit high affinity for the G4 formed by the human minisatellite CEB1 and inhibit efficiently their unwinding by the yeast Pif1 helicase. In vivo, both compounds rapidly induced recombination-dependent rearrangements of CEB1 inserted in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome, but did not affect the stability of other tandem repeats lacking G-quadruplex forming sequences. The rearrangements yielded simple-deletion, double-deletion or complex reshuffling of the polymorphic motif units, mimicking the phenotype of the Pif1 inactivation. Treatment of Pif1-deficient cells with the Phen-DC compounds further increased CEB1 instability, revealing additional G4 formation per cell. In sharp contrast, the commonly used N-methyl-mesoporphyrin IX G-quadruplex ligand did not affect CEB1 stability. Altogether, these results demonstrate that the Phen-DC bisquinolinium compounds are potent molecular tools for probing the formation of G-quadruplexes in vivo, interfere with their processing and elucidate their biological roles.
Styles of Rudist Buildup Development along the Northern Margin of the Maverick Basin, Pecos River Canyon, Southwest Texas

ABSTRACT The Pecos River Canyon exposures of upper Albian (Cretaceous) limestones provide a spectrum of styles of rudist reef development. These rudist buildups range in style from isolated mounds with up to 15 ft (5 m) of local relief to hydrodynamic accumulations within tidal inlet fills and along the foreshore-upper shoreface transition. Rudist buildups also range widely in terms of faunal content, and in rock fabric and porosity-permeability characteristics. This study presents an analysis of these buildups and a means for predicting style and reservoir quality of the buildups by placing them in a sequence stratigraphic framework. The study area occurs along the lower 60 mi of the Pecos River Canyon area where 35 measured sections have been used to construct a detailed stratigraphic framework of the upper Albian section as it is traced from platform interior facies (Fort Lancaster or Segovia Formations) through intrashelf-basin margin (Devils River Formation) into the intrashelf basin (Salmon Peak Formation). A stratigraphic hierarchical analysis suggests that the interval included within the study, bounded below by the Fort Terrett Formation and above by the Del Rio and Buda Formations, represents a single composite sequence that in turn is made up of the six latest Albian high-frequency sequences. Considering an ideal model for a single high-frequency sequence, it can be shown that the transgressive systems tract (TST) is dominated by mud-rich facies that contain low-relief pancake-shaped buildups with a core colonizing community of chondrodontid clams and a capping facies of radiolitid rudist rudstone/bafflestone. In contrast, highstand systems tract (HST) deposits contain large accumulations of caprinid rudists that are clustered as hydrodynamic piles within tidal inlets in tide-dominated settings and as lags along the upper shoreface of wave-dominated sequences. The high-energy highstand setting of the caprinid buildups makes the reservoir quality of these facies far superior to their chondrodont-radiolitid counterparts in the mud-dominated TST. The comparison of highstand rudist accumulations from early transgressive sequence set (TSS) sequences to later highstand sequence set (HSS) sequences within the upper Albian composite sequence illus trates a different trend. High-frequency sequences in the TSS have highstand caprinid rudist complexes with greater dip dimension, coarser grain size, and higher interparticle porosity than their wave-dominated HSS counterparts. Thus knowledge of setting within the sequence/systems tract framework allows prediction of rudist buildup type, gross external geometry, and rock fabric/reservoir quality.
Microtubule-based localization of a synaptic calcium-signaling complex is required for left-right neuronal asymmetry in C. elegans

SUMMARY The axons of C. elegans left and right AWC olfactory neurons communicate at synapses through a calcium-signaling complex to regulate stochastic asymmetric cell identities called AWC ON and AWC OFF . However, it is not known how the calcium-signaling complex, which consists of UNC-43/CaMKII, TIR-1/SARM adaptor protein and NSY-1/ASK1 MAPKKK, is localized to postsynaptic sites in the AWC axons for this lateral interaction. Here, we show that microtubule-based localization of the TIR-1 signaling complex to the synapses regulates AWC asymmetry. Similar to unc-43 , tir-1 and nsy-1 loss-of-function mutants, specific disruption of microtubules in AWC by nocodazole generates two AWC ON neurons. Reduced localization of UNC-43, TIR-1 and NSY-1 proteins in the AWC axons strongly correlates with the 2AWC ON phenotype in nocodazole-treated animals. We identified kinesin motor unc-104 / kif1a mutants for enhancement of the 2AWC ON phenotype of a hypomorphic tir-1 mutant. Mutations in unc-104, like microtubule depolymerization, lead to a reduced level of UNC-43, TIR-1 and NSY-1 proteins in the AWC axons. In addition, dynamic transport of TIR-1 in the AWC axons is dependent on unc-104 , the primary motor required for the transport of presynaptic vesicles. Furthermore, unc-104 acts non-cell autonomously in the AWC ON neuron to regulate the AWC OFF identity. Together, these results suggest a model in which UNC-104 may transport some unknown presynaptic factor(s) in the future AWC ON cell that non-cell autonomously control the trafficking of the TIR-1 signaling complex to postsynaptic regions of the AWC axons to regulate the AWC OFF identity.
The small mammals from the upper Miocene of the Teruel-Alfambra region (Spain) : paleobiology and paleoclimatic reconstructions

The main aim of this thesis is to unravel in greatest possible detail trends and events in fauna, environment and climate in NE Spain during the late Miocene (Vallesian and Turolian). The Teruel-Alfambra region in the Teruel basin has been chosen as the study area, because earlier studies in the 1960s and 1970s had already provided a firm taxonomic and biostratigraphic framework. In order to further increase the small mammal faunal resolution in the area, several field campaigns have been organized during the 1990s in close collaboration with colleagues from Complutense University and the National Museum of Natural Sciences, Madrid. This has [mally resulted in a total number of 89 upper Miocene fossil localities, i.e. almost twice as much as were known before. The majority of the localities have been found in stratigraphic superposition in the field. In the course of the study, various key sections have been sampled for magnetostratigraphic analysis. The combination of the polarity patterns in the Teruel and in other Spanish basins allows the correlation of the studied small mammal succession to the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS)
Illite-smectites diagenesis on and the influence of burial the geochemical cycling of nitrogen

Abstract Fixed nitrogen in illite-smectites (I-S) has been measured for Miocene shales from a Gulf of Mexico oil well. Fixed N values for the <0.2 μm fraction increase with depth from 150 ppm (1000 m) to a maximum of 360 ppm (3841 m). This increase is coincident with illitization from 41% I in I-S to 75% I in I-S. Below 3841 m, fixed N values decrease to 190 ppm (4116 m) while I-S is maintained with a slight increase from 77 to 82%. The changes in fixed N with increasing illitization are consistent with the notion that illitization proceeds via both transformation and dissolution/ precipitation reaction mechanisms. The trend of decreasing fixed N in illitic I-S is compatible with surface-controlled crystal growth and Ostwald ripening mechanisms for illitization. The trend may also be linked to the timing of maximum NH4+ release from kerogen maturation during oil generation. The changing rate of NH4+; liberation from organic matter and multiple illitization reaction mechanisms can result in complex N geochemical cycling pathways throughout early diagenesis to metamorphism.