Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differentiated processing of emotional cues in adolescents and young adults with ICD‐11 PTSD and complex PTSD after child abuse

The recent update of the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD‐11) introduced the diagnosis of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) as a distinct entity from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because psychophysiological alterations are a core diagnostic feature of PTSD and CPTSD, the aim of the current study was to examine potential distinctive patterns in cortical and cardiac responses to emotional words in adolescent and young adult patients with PTSD and CPTSD.
Microglial motility is modulated by neuronal activity and correlates with dendritic spine plasticity in the hippocampus of awake mice

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a complex role in health and disease. They actively survey the brain parenchyma by physically interacting with other cells and structurally shaping the brain. Yet, the mechanisms underlying microglial motility and significance for synapse stability, especially in the hippocampus during adulthood, remain widely unresolved. Here, we investigated the effect of neuronal activity on microglial motility and the implications for the formation and survival of dendritic spines on hippocampal CA1 neurons in vivo. We used repetitive two-photon in vivo imaging in the hippocampus of awake and anesthetized mice to simultaneously study the motility of microglia and their interaction with dendritic spines. We found that CA3 to CA1 input is sufficient to modulate microglial process motility. Simultaneously, more dendritic spines emerged in mice after awake compared to anesthetized imaging. Interestingly, the rate of microglial contacts with individual dendritic spines and dendrites was associated with the stability, removal, and emergence of dendritic spines. These results suggest that microglia might sense neuronal activity via neurotransmitter release and actively participate in synaptic rewiring of the hippocampal neural network during adulthood. Further, this study has profound relevance for hippocampal learning and memory processes.
Crocetin regulates Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balances, nitric oxide production, and nuclear localization of NF‐κB in Th2‐provoked and normal situations in human‐isolated lymphocytes

Crocetin is a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid derived from Crocus sativus. It has been utilized as natural biomedicine with healing effects. The immunoregulatory and anti‐inflammatory properties may cause the biological activities of crocetin. Nevertheless, it is not still clear how this compound acts and causes an immune‐modulatory impact on human lymphocytes. The effects of three concentrations (5, 10, and 20 μM) of crocetin or dexamethasone (0.1 mM) were assessed on gene expression and secretion of cytokines, nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) level, and nitric oxide (NO) production in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)‐stimulated and non‐stimulated lymphocytes. By incubation with PHA, gene expression and cytokine concentration comprising interferon (IFN)‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐17A, IL‐10, and IL‐4 were increased, along with NF‐κB concentration and NO production (all, p < 0.001). In comparison with the controls, an alteration occurred in the T‐helper (Th)2/Th1 and Th17/Treg balance in the stimulated lymphocyte toward a Th2 and Th17 response. In stimulated cells, crocetin and dexamethasone decreased pro‐inflammatory significantly and increased anti‐inflammatory cytokines and related gene expression, respectively. Moreover, Th17/Treg and Th1/Th2 balance was changed toward Treg and Th1 significantly reducing NF‐κB and NO levels (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Promoting effects were represented by crocetin on T‐cell subsets to Treg and Th1. Hence, it can have therapeutic value for treating predominant diseases of Th2 or Th17 cells.
Follicular pancreatitis: Case report and literature review

Rationale: Follicular pancreatitis is a very rare type of focal chronic pancreatitis and is often mistaken for pancreatic neoplasms. It is histologically characterized by extensive lymphoid follicular formation with reactive germinal centers. Patient concerns: A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with 1-month history of epigastric pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 4.7 cm sized enhancing pancreatic head mass with anterior mesenteric soft tissue infiltration and superior mesenteric vein invasion. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed an ill-defined hypoechoic mass in the head of the pancreas. Diagnoses: A laparoscopic surgical biopsy was performed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the acini structure destruction within the pancreatic parenchyma and different-sized lymphoid follicles with reactive germinal centers around the duct. Immunohistochemical examination showed that cells were positive for the B-cell marker CD20, T-cell marker CD3, and slightly positive for IgG4. However, cells were negative for the B-cell marker Bcl-2. Follicular pancreatitis was confirmed based on the findings of histology and immunohistochemistry. Interventions: The patient was regularly followed without any specific treatment. Outcomes: Follow-up computed tomography revealed no change in the lesion 1 year after diagnosis. Lessons: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of follicular pancreatitis in Korea.
Anterior vitreous detachment and retrolental material during cataract surgery: incidence and risk factors, with pathological evidence

Phacoemulsification surgery leads to AVD and retrolental material. Higher cumulative dissipated energy and total aspiration time are risk factors. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that some retrolental material was lens material. Purpose: To determine the incidence of anterior vitreous detachment (AVD) and retrolental material occurrence in cataract surgery, determine the influence of surgical factors on it, and confirm the source of the material. Setting: Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, China. Design: Prospective single-center study. Methods: Age, sex, ocular complication, nuclear sclerosis grade, ultrasonic time, mean longitudinal power, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), total aspiration time, and estimated fluid usage were recorded for each patient. Retrolental anatomy was observed before and during surgery using real-time optical coherence tomography integrated into a microscope. The eyes with AVD were carefully observed and recorded during illumination with an optical fiber. Retrolental material was stained using immunohistochemistry. Results: 205 eyes from 205 patients were included in this study. Spontaneous AVD was found in 5 cases. Intraoperatively, AVD was identified in 115 eyes (56.1%). Retrolental material presence was observed in 75 eyes (36.6%). A logistic regression model showed that CDE and aspiration time had a statistically significant effect on AVD (P < .05, 95% CI, 1.011-1.558; P < .05, 95% CI, 1.026-1.051), and CDE was positively correlated with retrolental material occurrence (P < .05, 95% CI, 1.052-1.534). Samples from 5 cases expressed large amounts of αA- and βA-crystallins. Conclusions: Spontaneous AVD is rare in phakic eyes. There was a marked increase in AVD during surgery, with retrolental material occurring in more than a third of cases. Higher CDE and longer total aspiration time were risk factors for AVD. Immunohistochemistry revealed that most of the retrolental materials were lens fragments.
Wing kinematics measurement and aerodynamics of hovering droneflies with wing damage

In this study, we performed successive unilateral and bilateral wing shearing to simulate wing damage in droneflies (Eristalis tenax) and measured the wing kinematics using high-speed photography technology. Two different shearing types were considered in the artificial wing damage. The aerodynamic force and power consumption were obtained by numerical method. Our major findings are the following. Different shearing methods have little influence on the kinematics, forces and energy consumption of insects. Following wing damage, among the potential strategies to adjust the three Euler angles of the wing, adjusting stroke angle (φ) in isolation, or combing the adjustment of stroke angle (φ) with pitch angle (ψ), contributed most to the change in vertical force. The balance of horizontal thrust can be restored by the adjustment of deviation angle (θ) under the condition of unilateral wing damage. Considering zero elastic energy storage, the mass-specific power (P 1) increases significantly following wing damage. However, the increase in mass-specific power with 100% elastic energy storage (P 2) is very small. The extra cost of the unilateral wing damage is that the energy consumption of the damaged wing and intact wing is highly asymmetrical when zero elastic energy storage is considered. The insects may alleviate the problems of increasing power consumption and asymmetric power distribution by storage and reuse of the negative inertial work of the wing.
Hypocapnia is an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality in acute heart failure

Acute heart failure (AHF) poses a major threat to hospitalized patients for its high mortality rate and serious complications. The aim of this study is to determine whether hypocapnia [defined as the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) below 35 mmHg] on admission could be associated with in‐hospital all‐cause mortality in AHF.
Influence of postdeposition annealing on the structural and optical properties of sputtered zinc oxide film

The influence of postdeposition annealing on the structural and optical properties of rf sputtered insulating zinc oxide films has been investigated. The as‐grown films deposited on quartz substrates were highly c‐axis oriented and in a state of stress. These films become almost stress free after a postdeposition annealing treatment at 673 K for 1 h in air. Above 673 K, a process of coalescence was observed which causes major grain growth resulting in microcrack formation and surface roughness. The refractive index shows a strong frequency dispersion below the interband absorption edge. The optical dispersion data have been fitted to (1) a single oscillator model and (2) the Pikhtin–Yas’kov model. The origin of optical dispersion at different annealing temperatures has been discussed in the light of these models. A packing density of more than 99% is estimated in the film annealed at 673 K, indicating that these films are almost void free.
Personalized approaches for treatment-naïve mantle cell lymphoma

ABSTRACT Introduction Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) can have diverse disease presentations, which vary in aggressiveness and prognosis, and can occur in patients with varying ability to tolerate therapy. Additionally, the options for treatment of MCL have expanded rapidly in the last decade, translating to improved outcome for patients. Areas covered We review the initial evaluation of patients with MCL, identifying disease- and patient-specific prognostic factors, along with personalized therapies for patients with MCL. Specific scenarios include indolent and limited-stage MCL, advanced-stage disease in transplant-eligible and ineligible patients, and high-risk TP53 mutant disease. Ongoing trials and future directions in MCL treatment are also highlighted. Expert opinion Given the wide array of disease and patient presentations with MCL, a personalized therapeutic approach is needed to optimize outcomes. The best therapeutic strategy should incorporate disease prognostic factors, patient status and comorbidities, goals of care, and response to treatment.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on utilization of essential maternal healthcare services in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant challenge for countries to maintain the provision of essential maternity services. Many women could experience difficulties in accessing maternal healthcare due to transport problems, anxiety, and fear of infection. A reduction in the utilization of maternity services has been suggested as a possible cause of worsened maternal health outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization of maternal healthcare services in Ethiopia. Methods Searching of articles was conducted from PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar. The quality of studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Inspection of the Funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to evaluate the evidence of publication bias. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q statistic and quantified by I2. A random-effects model was used to determine pooled estimates using STATA 14. Results After reviewing 41,188 articles, 21 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled reduction was 26.62% (95% CI: 13.86, 39.37) for family planning, 19.30% (95% CI: 15.85, 22.76) for antenatal care, 12.82% (95% CI: 7.29, 18.34) for institutional delivery, 17.82% (95% CI: 8.32, 27.32) for postnatal care, and 19.39% (95% CI: 11.29, 27.49) for abortion care. This study also demonstrated that maternal perception of poor quality of care and fear of infection, lack of transport, cultural events, diversion of resources, lack of essential drugs, and lack of personal protective equipment and sanitizer were identified as the main challenges faced during the pandemic. Conclusion This study revealed that the utilization of maternal healthcare services in Ethiopia significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Government measures, health facility-related barriers, and maternal-related factors were identified as challenges faced during the pandemic. Thus, service providers, policy-makers, and other relevant stakeholders should prioritize maternity care as an essential core healthcare service. Besides, increasing awareness of women through mass media, and making maternity services more accessible and equitable would likely increase the utilization of maternal healthcare services. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42021293681.
Warm Dust around Blue Hypergiants: Mid-Infrared Imaging of the Luminous Blue Variable HD 168625

We present the first high spatial resolution images of thermal emission from the nebula surrounding the Galactic luminous blue variable (LBV) HD 168625. Four images, centered at 4.7, 10.1, 11.6, and 19.9 μm, have been obtained at UKIRT with MAX, the new mid-IR camera of the Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie. A Brγ image taken at UKIRT with IRCAM3 is also presented. On the basis of the available spectrophotometric data and of our photometry of the central star, we revise the distance currently assumed for this source from 2.2 to 1.2 kpc. The dust emission, which is optically thin and therefore sensitive to the mass distribution, clearly indicates the bipolar structure of the nebula. The majority of the infrared (IR) flux comes from a geometrically thin layer of dust tracing the outer edges of the nebular lobes. An inner shell or ring along the equatorial plane is also detected. From the mid-IR spectral energy distribution we constrain the composition and temperature of the grains. Through a simple geometrical model we estimate the dust density and total mass in the shell. Considering the structure of the nebula from an evolutionary point of view, we investigate the formation mechanism (novalike ejection or interacting stellar winds) and the recent past of the LBV precursor. We find that the interaction of the present wind with a slower dusty wind (Ṁ ≃ 2 × 10−5 M☉ yr-1, v ≃ 10 km s-1) ejected by the stellar precursor in a previous phase is by far the most viable formation mechanism for the nebula around HD 168625. Finally, the general occurrence of a redward evolution for the LBV precursors is discussed.
Vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and recommendation practices among health care providers in New York State

ABSTRACT Community-wide vaccine uptake remains sub-optimal. Healthcare provider (HCP) vaccine recommendations influence patient vaccination; however, provider vaccine recommendation behavior is highly influenced by one’s own vaccine attitudes and/or knowledge. We aim to describe vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and recommendation practices (KAP) among New York State HCPs. A survey to assess HCP KAP was developed and electronically distributed to NYS members of national medical organizations via their local chapter administrators. Descriptive statistical methods were used to define provider KAP. A total of 864 surveys were included, 500 (60%) and 336 (40%) primary and specialty care providers, respectively. Eighty-one percent (402/499) of primary care providers (PCPs) report encountering vaccine hesitant patients daily or weekly. Of the 500 PCPs who responded, only 204 (41%) stated strong agreement with confidence in their communications with vaccine hesitant patients. HCPs who correctly answered all four knowledge questions were more likely to self-report routine recommendations of standard vaccines to all patients when compared to those who correctly answered fewer questions (489/588 (83%) vs 135/241 (56%), p < . 05). HCPs were more likely to routinely recommend standard vaccines to all patients if they also report initiating vaccine discussion (476/485 (98%) vs 148/344 (43%), p < . 05) and reviewing and recommending vaccinations at each encounter (315/320 (98%) vs 308/508 (61%), p < . 05). Vaccine hesitancy exists across healthcare specialties and provider roles. Focused interventions should include reaching all HCPs to promote vaccinations for disease prevention, tailoring messages to reduce HCP vaccine misperceptions, and increasing awareness of evidence-based office strategies known to facilitate immunizations.
Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation on Vascular Grafts: an In Vitro Study

The Dacron silver-triclosan and Omniflow II vascular grafts showed the greatest resistance to in vitro methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation compared to other vascular grafts. ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to quantify in vitro biofilm formation by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) on the surfaces of different types of commonly used vascular grafts. We performed an in vitro study with two clinical strains of MSSA (MSSA2 and MSSA6) and nine vascular grafts: Dacron (Hemagard), Dacron-heparin (Intergard heparin), Dacron-silver (Intergard Silver), Dacron-silver-triclosan (Intergard Synergy), Dacron-gelatin (Gelsoft Plus), Dacron plus polytetrafluoroethylene (Fusion), polytetrafluoroethylene (Propaten; Gore), Omniflow II, and bovine pericardium (XenoSure). Biofilm formation was induced in two phases: an initial 90-minute adherence phase and a 24-hour growth phase. Quantitative cultures were performed, and the results were expressed as log10 CFU per milliliter. The Dacron-silver-triclosan graft and Omniflow II were associated with the least biofilm formation by both MSSA2 and MSSA6. MSSA2 did not form a biofilm on the Dacron-silver-triclosan graft (0 CFU/mL), and the mean count on the Omniflow II graft was 3.89 CFU/mL (standard deviation [SD] 2.10). The mean count for the other grafts was 7.01 CFU/mL (SD 0.82). MSSA6 formed a biofilm on both grafts, with 2.42 CFU/mL (SD 2.44) on the Dacron-silver-triclosan graft and 3.62 CFU/mL (SD 2.21) on the Omniflow II. The mean biofilm growth on the remaining grafts was 7.33 CFU/mL (SD 0.28). The differences in biofilm formation on the Dacron-silver-triclosan and Omniflow II grafts compared to the other tested grafts were statistically significant. Our findings suggest that of the vascular grafts we studied, the Dacron-silver-triclosan and Omniflow II grafts might prevent biofilm formation by MSSA. Although further studies are needed, these grafts seem to be good candidates for clinical use in vascular surgeries at high risk of infections due to this microorganism. IMPORTANCE The Dacron silver-triclosan and Omniflow II vascular grafts showed the greatest resistance to in vitro methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation compared to other vascular grafts. These findings could allow us to choose the most resistant to infection prosthetic graft.
Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Toujeo) versus insulin glargine 100 U/ml in type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis

To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of glargine‐U100 (Lantus/Gla‐100) with glargine‐U300 (Toujeo/Gla‐300) in adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Overweight and obesity among Brazilian healthcare university students: prevalence and associated factors

ABSTRACT Objective: Obesity is an important factor for cardiovascular and metabolic events. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and the associated factors among healthcare university students. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional university-based study of 2,245 healthcare university students in the Midwest region of Brazil was conducted in 2018. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, respectively. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, family and comorbidities characteristics were investigated. Poisson regression was used for the multivariable analysis. All analysis was stratified by sex. Results: The mean age of the sample was 22.7 years (standard deviation = 4.1) and 69.5% of the students was female. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 13.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.2-15.6) and 4% (95% CI: 3.0-4.9) for women and 34.5% (95% CI: 30.9-38.1) and 11.3% (95% CI: 8.9-13.6) for men, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was at least 70% higher in female students aged 24 years or older (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.24-2.41) and those who smoke (PR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.66-3.02). Additionally, female students with a family history of obesity (PR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.46-2.77) or with two or three comorbidities (PR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.43-3.04) exhibited a significantly higher probability for overweight/obesity. Similar findings were observed in male students, but with smaller effect sizes. Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of overweight/obesity among healthcare university students, especially in men. It was related to the socio-demographic and family characteristics rather than behavioral factors.