Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Melatonin Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation of Porcine Oocytes Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by Imidacloprid Exposure

Simple Summary The residue of chemicals can affect the maturation of livestock oocytes, thereby affecting the quality of embryos. Research has shown that imidacloprid, a systemic neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in agriculture, can damage the reproductive system of mammals, and it is unclear whether imidacloprid will affect oocyte maturation and how to reduce its toxicity. The results of this study show that imidacloprid can affect oocyte maturation, and melatonin supplementation can restore oocyte maturation by alleviating oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and offset the toxic effect of imidacloprid on pig oocytes, which indicates that Melatonin may be a promising drug to improve the quality of oocytes exposed to imidacloprid in animals. Abstract Imidacloprid (IMI) is an endogenous neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in agriculture and has attracted researchers’ attention because of its risks to the environment and human health. Melatonin (MT) is an antioxidant hormone produced by the pineal gland of the brain. Studies have shown that it has a variety of physiological functions and plays a crucial role in the development of animal germ cells and embryos. The potential protective effects of MT against oocyte damage caused by neonicotinoid pesticide toxicity remain unclear. In this study, we report the toxicity of IMI against, and its effects on the quality of, porcine oocytes and the protective effect of MT on IMI-exposed oocytes. The results show that IMI exposure adversely affected oocyte maturation, while MT supplementation ameliorated its toxic effects. Specifically, IMI exposure increased oxidative stress (OS), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptosis, which may affect polar body expulsion rates and blastocyst formation. Also, IMI exposure reduced oocyte cleavage rates and the number of cells in blastocysts. However, all of these toxic effects can be restored after a melatonin supplementation treatment. In conclusion, these results suggest that melatonin has a protective effect on IMI-induced defects during porcine oocyte maturation.
Risk Factors for Stunting Among Children Under Five Years of Age in The Kokoda Tribe, Sorong City

Stunting is a chronic nutritional deficiency resulting in short stature and cognitive impairment. Sorong City has the highest incidence of very short and short toddlers in West Papua Province, 52.58%. This study analyzes the risk factors for stunting among children under five years of age in the Kokoda tribe, Sorong City. This study used a case-control design. The population was all parents and children aged 12-59 months registered at Integrated Health Post in 8 selected villages in Sorong City in 2021, totaling 1,890 children. There were 168 samples, 84 in the cases group and 84 in the control group, with the purposive sampling technique. Data collection used a stunting risk factors questionnaire on toddlers and measured body length, weight, and upper arm circumference. The data was processed by analyzing the Odds Ratio (OR) with the SPSS application. Results showed that children with birth lengths less than 48 centimeters had a 2.652 times greater risk of experiencing stunting compared to those more than equal to 48 centimeters. Children with birth weight less than 2,500 grams had a three times greater risk of stunting compared to those more than equal to 2,500 grams. Respondents with no clean water availability had 2.013 times more experienced stunting. Mothers not taking iron supplements during pregnancy could increase the risk of stunting three times. The risk factors for stunting among under-five children in the Kokoda tribe, Sorong City, are birth length, birth weight, the availability of clean water, and iron supplements during pregnancy.
Improving Learning Engagement Among Ethnic Minority High School Students in China Through School-Based Social Support: An Intervention Study

The study aimed to examine the effect of school-based social support, specifically the integrated peer and teacher support on the learning engagement of ethnic minority high school students in China. Researchers designed a customized reading program to incorporate peer and teacher support through collaborative learning and dual-teacher classroom mechanisms. The intervention groups involve 192 first year high school students in an underdeveloped area in Yunnan province. Learning engagement was measured using a self-report interview and observation field note during the intervention. Results showed that the school-based social support has effectively promoted the student’s self-confidence, learning motivation, self-identity, and develop a positive learning environment. These findings suggest that school-based social support can be a productive way to improve learning engagement among ethnic minority high school students in China. Implications for education practice and future research are discussed.
Impact of the Cropping Frequency of Bahiagrass, Cotton, and Corn on the Severity of Diseases of Peanut and on Yield 1

SUMMARY The impact of crop rotation on the severity of leaf spot diseases and southern stem rot on peanut cv. 'Georgia Green' was evaluated in a study established in 1988 at the Wiregrass Research and Education Center in Headland, AL. While 34 different rotations were included in this study, notable cropping patterns tested included one year of peanut cropped after one year of pearl millet (PM), velvetbean (V), or summer fallow (F); one, two or three years of corn (C) or cotton (Ct); one year of each of the former crops; and one, two, three, or four years of bahiagrass (B). Fertility, weed, insect, and leaf spot control recommendations of the Alabama Cooperative Extension System were followed. The highest leaf spot severity ratings were noted in the plots maintained in a peanut monoculture. When compared to the disease ratings for the peanut monoculture, significant reductions in leaf spot severity were recorded where peanut followed two or more years of corn, cotton, or patterns with both crops in succession, and bahiagrass. Leaf spot ratings were also reduced in peanut cropped after one year of winter rye followed by either velvetbean or pearl millet. Often, white mold damage levels were higher in plots where peanut were produced every two years than in those plots cropped to peanut for at least three consecutive years. Among the one-year cropping patterns, peanut grown after a corn crop suffered less white mold damage, compared with those peanuts produced after one year of cotton, velvetbean, or pearl millet. Surprisingly, peanut cropped after two or three years of corn, cotton, patterns with both crops in succession, and bahiagrass often had white mold levels similar to those plots maintained in continuous peanut production. While crop rotation did have a significant impact on peanut yield, productivity did not necessarily increase as the interval between peanut crops was lengthened. When compared to the peanut monoculture, yield was generally higher where peanut were cropped after two or three years of corn, three years of cotton, patterns with both crops in succession, and three or four years of bahiagrass, but not one, two, or five years of the former crop. Generally, peanut produced after one year of corn, or winter rye followed by velvetbean or summer fallow had yields higher than those recorded for the peanut monoculture, did several of the two- and three-year cropping patterns.
Efficacy of Minocycline for the Treatment of Mycoplasma genitalium

Abstract Background High levels of macrolide resistance and increasing fluoroquinolone resistance are making Mycoplasma genitalium increasingly difficult to treat. Minocycline is an alternative treatment for patients with macrolide-resistant M genitalium infections that have failed moxifloxacin, or for those with fluoroquinolone contraindications or resistance. Published efficacy data for minocycline for M genitalium are limited. Methods We evaluated minocycline 100 mg twice daily for 14 days at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC). Microbial cure was defined as a negative test of cure within 14–90 days after completing minocycline. The proportion cured and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with treatment failure. We pooled data from the current study with a prior adjacent case series of patients with M genitalium who had received minocycline 100 mg twice daily for 14 days at MSHC. Results Minocycline cured 60 of 90 (67% [95% CI, 56%–76%]) infections. Adherence was high (96%) and side effects were mild and self-limiting. No demographic or clinical characteristics were associated with minocycline failure in regression analyses. In the pooled analyses of 123 patients, 83 (68% [95% CI, 58%–76%]) were cured following minocycline. Conclusions Minocycline cured 68% of macrolide-resistant M genitalium infections. These data provide tighter precision around the efficacy of minocycline for macrolide-resistant M genitalium and show that it is a well-tolerated regimen. With high levels of macrolide resistance, increasing fluoroquinolone resistance, and the high cost of moxifloxacin, access to nonquinolone options such as minocycline is increasingly important for the clinical management of M genitalium.
Folie À Trois: A Case of Shared Delusions Between a Patient, Her Sister, and Another Patient in the In-Patient Psychiatric Unit

Folie à deux is a rare condition in which a single person (often with a psychiatric disorder) develops a delusion that is shared by another person. Folie à troix is when a delusion is shared by three people. This case report documents the unusual case of an individual who shared delusions with two different people simultaneously. This report inspires questions about this person, her delusions, and what made them so believable to others. It is known that the development of shared delusions most commonly occurs in relative isolation and disproportionately affects individuals with preexisting psychiatric comorbidities. Because of these risk factors, delusions in a psychiatric unit may be even more “contagious” than in the general population. To our knowledge, this case report is the first to document a newly developed delusion shared between two unrelated patients in a single psychiatric unit. While physical separation of patients is the best practice in such cases, a risk-benefit analysis is needed prior to this intervention given the social barriers that may limit such an approach. Further research is needed to diagnose, manage, and optimize treatment for shared delusions in settings such as inpatient psychiatric facilities.
招待講演 Amplitude drops facilitate categorization and discrimination of length contrasts (思考と言語)

Kato et al. showed that given streams of sounds, listeners use amplitude changes to demarcate segmental boundaries (5). This study builds on this result and argues that amplitude changes facilitate categorization and discrimination of consonantal short/long contrasts in intervocalic position. Given non-speech stimuli mimicking VCV-sequences, larger amplitude changes in VC- and CV-transitions improved the perceptibility of the length of C. The result implies that in real speech, short/long contrasts are harder to perceive for more sonorous consonants. This conclusion in turn accords well with the phonological, cross-linguistic observation that geminates of more sonorous consonants are disprefered more strongly in natural languages (7; 13; 14), instantiating a case of contrast dispersion (3; 9).
Diurnal Variations in Vegetation Activity affecting Shallow Groundwater Flow identified by Microthermal Measurements

Observations of summer microthermal temperature variations suggest, next to hydrological factors, a significant influence of plant activity on groundwater flow in fractured claystone materials. Variations in groundwater microtemperature were compared to variations in meteorological parameters and electrical potential of plants. With an increase in surface temperature, relative air humidity decreases and an increase in tree electrical potential, measured as the difference between the northern and the southern stem exposure (N–S), can be observed. This increase in electrical potential is concomitant with a change in groundwater temperature of approximately 2 mK. This relationship does not always occur. At high temperatures (+30°C) the decrease amounts to just 1 mK. This fact is related to the change in transpiration of plants, decreased or even suspended at high surface temperatures. A frequency analysis of all data showed a daily frequency of high magnitude in all parameters. Possibly changes in the macro weather situation events were observed in the results of atmospheric pressure, southern electric potential and groundwater temperature. The lag time between changes in electric potential and subsurface microtemperature changes amounts to 17 hours, possibly a result of the electrical potential difference between the northern and the southern exposure of the stem (N–S), and 5 hours, the result of the change in electrical potential difference between the southern and the northern stem exposure side (S–N). A comparison between potential changes and the computed change in gravity resulting from earth tidal effects showed that the correlation between the subsurface temperature variation with up to 2 mK and the change in surface temperature variation does not match directly. Other study shows that the impact of earth tides on subsurface microtemperature variation amounts to ca. 1mK. The effect of groundwater abstraction by mature vegetation is determined at the same range. Atmospheric tides can be correlated with the changes in north and south electric potentials.
Examining the dimensionality of morphological knowledge and morphological awareness and their effects on second language vocabulary knowledge

Morphological knowledge and morphological awareness are multidimensional and both have been confirmed to make important contributions to vocabulary knowledge. However, the extant literature has not made a clear demarcation between morphological knowledge and morphological awareness. The current study examined the underlying components of morphological knowledge and morphological awareness as well as their effects on vocabulary knowledge. The performance of 226 tenth- and eleventh-graders on five tasks was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results demonstrated that morphological knowledge and morphological awareness were two distinct constructs. In regard to the direct and indirect effects between morphological knowledge and vocabulary, it was indicated that morphological knowledge made a significant indirect effect on vocabulary knowledge through morphological awareness. However, the direct effect of morphological knowledge on vocabulary knowledge was not significant. Findings from the current study have important implications to adolescent EFL students’ vocabulary instruction and research.
Efficient sorting of genomic permutations by translocation, inversion and block interchange

MOTIVATION Finding genomic distance based on gene order is a classic problem in genome rearrangements. Efficient exact algorithms for genomic distances based on inversions and/or translocations have been found but are complicated by special cases, rare in simulations and empirical data. We seek a universal operation underlying a more inclusive set of evolutionary operations and yielding a tractable genomic distance with simple mathematical form. RESULTS We study a universal double-cut-and-join operation that accounts for inversions, translocations, fissions and fusions, but also produces circular intermediates which can be reabsorbed. The genomic distance, computable in linear time, is given by the number of breakpoints minus the number of cycles (b-c) in the comparison graph of the two genomes; the number of hurdles does not enter into it. Without changing the formula, we can replace generation and re-absorption of a circular intermediate by a generalized transposition, equivalent to a block interchange, with weight two. Our simple algorithm converts one multi-linear chromosome genome to another in the minimum distance.
Intraplate volcanism in eastern Australia and New Zealand

List of plates, figures and tables List of abbreviations Methods of citation List of contributors Foreword Preface 1. Framework for volcanism R. W. Johnson and P. Wellman 2. Physical volcanology R. A. F. Cas 3. East Australian volcanic geology J. Knutson 4. New Zealand intraplate volcanism S. D. Weaver and I. E. M. Smith 5. East Australian petrology and geochemistry A. Ewart 6. Xenoliths megacrysts of Eastern Australia S. Y. O'Reilly, I. A. Nicholls and W. L. Griffin 7. Towards a general model R. W. Johnson References Index.
Acute murine cytomegalovirus infection boosts cell-type specific response and lipid metabolism changes in the liver of infant mice

Introduction Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in infants can lead to severe diseases, including neonatal hepatitis. The single-cell dimensional changes in immune cells after the initial CMV infection remain elusive, as do the effects of CMV infection on hepatic lipid metabolism. Methods We employed single-cell RNA-sequencing to investigate the changes in liver cell types and immune responses in infant mice following murine CMV (MCMV) infection. Additionally, we examined alterations in protein expression profiles related to lipid metabolism in hepatocytes and the role of the key transcription factor PPAR-γ in hepatocytes during CMV infection. Results Our study revealed that MCMV infects most liver cell types in infant mice, leading to an increase in the proportion of proliferating CD8 effector T cells and a subset of Nos2+ monocytes, potentially playing an essential role in early anti-viral responses. Furthermore, MCMV infection resulted in altered protein expression of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. Knocking down the transcription factor PPAR-γ in hepatocytes effectively inhibited CMV infection. Discussion Our findings underscore the immune system's response to early-stage MCMV infection and the subsequent impact on hepatic lipid metabolism in infant mice. This research provides new insights into the mechanisms of CMV infection and could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies.
Geraghty-Pata-Suzuki-Type Proximal Contractions and Related Coincidence Best Proximity Point Results

The objective of this research paper is to establish the existence and uniqueness of the best proximity and coincidence with best proximity point results, specifically focusing on Geraghty–Pata–Suzuki-type proximal mappings. To achieve this, we introduce three types of mappings, all within the context of a complete metric space: an α−θ−Geraghty–Pata–Suzuki-type proximal contraction; an α−θ−generalized Geraghty–Pata–Suzuki-type proximal contraction; and an α−θ−modified Geraghty–Pata–Suzuki-type proximal contraction. These new results generalize, extend, and unify various results from the existing literature. Symmetry plays a crucial role in solving nonlinear problems in operator theory, and the variables involved in the metric space are symmetric. Several illustrative examples are provided to showcase the superiority of our results over existing approaches.
The Effects of Suicide Exposure on Mental Health Outcomes Among Post-9/11 Veterans: Protocol for an Explanatory, Sequential, Mixed Methods Study

Background The toll associated with suicide goes well beyond the individual who died. This study focuses on a risk factor for veteran suicide that has received little previous empirical attention—exposure to the suicide death of another person. Objective The study’s primary objective is to describe the mental health outcomes associated with suicide exposure among veterans who served on active duty after September 2001 (“post-9/11”). The secondary objective is to elucidate why some veterans develop persistent problems following suicide exposure, whereas others do not. Methods This is an explanatory, sequential, mixed methods study of a nationally representative sample of post-9/11 veterans enrolled in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care. Our sampling strategy was designed for adequate representation of female and American Indian and Alaska Native veterans to allow for examination of associations between suicide exposure and outcomes within these groups. Primary outcomes comprise mental health problems associated with trauma and loss (posttraumatic stress disorder and prolonged grief disorder) and suicide precursors (suicidal ideation, attempts, and planning). Data collection will be implemented in 3 waves. During wave 1, we will field a brief survey to a national probability sample to assess exposure history (suicide, other sudden death, or neither) and exposure characteristics (eg, closeness with the decedent) among 11,400 respondents. In wave 2, we will include 39.47% (4500/11,400) of the wave-1 respondents, stratified by exposure history (suicide, other sudden death, or neither), to assess health outcomes and other variables of interest. During wave 3, we will conduct interviews with a purposive subsample of 32 respondents exposed to suicide who differ in mental health outcomes. We will supplement the survey and interview data with VA administrative data identifying diagnoses, reported suicide attempts, and health care use. Results The study began on July 1, 2022, and will end on June 30, 2026. This is the only national, population-based study of suicide exposure in veterans and the first one designed to study differences based on sex and race. Comparing those exposed to suicide with those exposed to sudden death for reasons other than suicide (eg, combat) and those unexposed to any sudden death may allow for the identification of the common and unique contribution of suicide exposure to outcomes and help seeking. Conclusions Integrating survey, qualitative, and VA administrative data to address significant knowledge gaps regarding the effects of suicide exposure in a national sample will lay the foundation for interventions to address the needs of individuals affected by a suicide death, including female and American Indian and Alaska Native veterans. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/51324
Activity Patterns, Movement Ecology, and Habitat Utilization of Black Bears in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee

') Radio-collars were fitted on 22 black bears captured on a 155 km study area in the northwest paction of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee, between June 1978 and December 1979. Activity monitors in radio-collars indicated that bears exhibited crepuscular da patterns of activity which were modified seasonally; activity was highest during the day in all seasons but night time activity was h t during fall. Most seasonal variation in diel patterns of activity are attributed to changes in foraging patterns. Monthly activity levels were lowest in the postdenning months of Apcil and May and the predenning months of November and December; act was highest in t and may be a reflection of the influences of breeding. Neither cloud cover nor prec itation affected activity but bears displayed depressed activity at temperatures. Subad�lt and yearling females were the most active group overall; adult males were the least active group. The convex polygon �ethod was u sed to calculate home range sizes. 2 The fact that home ranges of males (32.1 km) were than 2 those of females (5.2 k m ) reflects the size of males and their instability i n the population in the subadult and early adult years (<5 years). Larger home ranges in fall than spring/surrnl>3r reflects increased feed activity prior to d Linear movements by 7 bears were t�rmed extensive because t were large in relatio� to their normal home range. None of the 7 bears were over 5 years old; 6 of the 7 bears were male, 2 of the movements