Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of shelterwood method and plant stock type on the early growth and survival of pine seedlings in regeneration stands under hemiboreal conditions

ABSTRACT Shelterwood forest regeneration methods are increasingly used in northern Europe to reduce clear-cut based even-aged forest management. However, empirical knowledge about seedling performance under various shelterwood methods is still incomplete. We analysed the effects of three shelterwood methods (uniform (UNI), strip felling (STR) and group selection (GRO)) on four types of Scots pine plant stock type height growth and survival during the first 6 years in hemiboreal Estonia. After 6 years, the height of the planted seedlings was 35% lower in GRO and 47% lower in UNI compared to STR. A similar outcome was observed for the height growth of the sown seedlings. Competition with the nearest shelter trees had a negative effect on seedling height growth. Lower height growth in UNI can be attributed to more intensive root competition with shelter trees. Artificial sowing and natural seeding can provide sufficient regeneration, but height growth was significantly lower compared to that of planted seedlings. Shelterwood methods delay seedling growth compared to clear-cut area reforestation. The lag in regeneration height growth was the smallest in STR and the greatest in UNI. The growth lag can be reduced by using complementary planting to natural regeneration.
Hexa ↔ tetra silicene crystal–crystal phase transition

ABSTRACT Formation of confined crystalline tetra-silicene (t-silicene) from crystalline hexa-silicene (h-silicene) via compression, and the reverse transition from the obtained t-silicene to h-silicene via heating, are studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Models contain 6400 Si atoms interacted via the new version of the Stillinger-Weber potential. While t-silicene can be obtained via compression of the crystalline h-silicene at various temperatures, we find that the best quality samples (with the highest fraction of tetragons) are obtained at high temperatures but still well below the melting point. Such t-silicene is stable over a wide range of pressure and temperature. Evolution of the structural characteristics of samples and various thermodynamic quantities upon compression is studied. Detailed analysis of the structure of t-silicene at 300 K is presented via radial distribution function, coordination number and bond-angle distributions, ring statistics and interatomic distance distribution, as well as 2D visualisation of the atomic configurations. Various types of structural defects of t-silicene are found and discussed. In addition, heating of the obtained t-silicene is shown to lead first to the reverse tetra-to-hexa silicene phase transition, and then to the melting of h-silicene. Evolution of the structural characteristics of the samples and of the thermodynamic quantities upon heating are considered. Atomic mechanism underlaying the tetrahexa phase transitions is discussed.
ANALISIS MODEL HUBUNGAN SIKAP DAN NORMA SUBJEKTIF DENGAN NIAT BERWIRAUSAHA PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui niat berwirausaha Mahasiswa-mahasiswi Universitas Udayana. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah 450 mahasiswa-mahasiswi Universitas Udayana yang terdiri dari 6 fakultas yang mewakili bidang ekstanta dan sosial yaitu Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Fakultas Sastra, Fakultas Hukum, Ilmu Pariwisata, Fakultas Pertanian serta Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa sikap berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat berwirausaha dan norma subjektif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat berwirausaha. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa norma subjektif dan sikap berpengaruh terhadap niat berwirausaha, semakin meningkat niat berwirausaha maka norma subjektif dan sikap turut meningkat. Peneliti selanjutnya dapat menambahkan variabel-variabel lain seperti jenis kelamin dan lingkungan. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memperoleh kekuatan hubungan yang lebih jelas mengenai variabel-variabel yang benar mampu menjelaskan suatu niat berwirausaha dalam lingkungan institusi. Kata kunci: Sikap, Norma Subjektif, Niat Berwirausaha
Pattern regulation in a regenerating jellyfish

Clytia hemisphaerica jellyfish, with their tetraradial symmetry, offer a novel paradigm for addressing patterning mechanisms during regeneration. Here we show that an interplay between mechanical forces, cell migration and proliferation allows jellyfish fragments to regain shape and functionality rapidly, notably by efficient restoration of the central feeding organ (manubrium). Fragmentation first triggers actomyosin-powered remodeling that restores body umbrella shape, causing radial smooth muscle fibers to converge around “hubs” which serve as positional landmarks. Stabilization of these hubs, and associated expression of Wnt6, depends on the configuration of the adjoining muscle fiber “spokes”. Stabilized hubs presage the site of the manubrium blastema, whose growth is Wnt/β-catenin dependent and fueled by both cell proliferation and long-range cell recruitment. Manubrium morphogenesis is modulated by its connections with the gastrovascular canal system. We conclude that body patterning in regenerating jellyfish emerges mainly from local interactions, triggered and directed by the remodeling process.
Analysing the process of compulsory acquisition of land through the lens of procedural fairness: evidence from Scotland

ABSTRACT Compulsory acquisition of land is contested bitterly by affected landowners for various reasons including fairness in the compensation that is offered to landowners and fairness in the process that is followed in land acquisition by acquiring authorities. While there is a volume of research that has focussed on compensation, there is a paucity of literature analysing fairness in the process of land acquisition. This paper examines fairness in land acquisition using the case of Scotland, which is currently in the process of reforming laws and policies governing the compulsory acquisition of land. A primary survey was undertaken with stakeholders involved in a road project and information was analysed using ‘qualitative content analysis’. This research identifies the gaps in the existing process of compulsory acquisition using the theoretical lens of ‘procedural justice’ with a strong focus on the social psychology dimension and argues for the incorporation of basic principles of ‘procedural justice’. Fifteen major procedural gaps were identified, which include weak decision-making power of the members of the public in the identification and design of public projects; inadequate representation of objectors due to the high personal cost associated with representation in a public inquiry; time delays; information asymmetries and inefficient grievance management.
Factors Influencing Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Married Women.

PURPOSE This study identified the level of marital intimacy, menopausal symptom and sexual function, and examined factors affecting sexual function in postmenopausal married women. METHODS With cross-sectional survey, a sample of 245 subjects aged 45 to 60 years was recruited from January to March, 2014. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires which included marital intimacy questionnaire (MIQ), menopause rating scale (MRS), and female sexual function index (FSFI). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS Marital intimacy, menopausal symptom and sexual function scores of subjects were 3.46±1.14, 13.71±6.61, and 12.55±8.33, respectively. Marital intimacy and menopausal symptom were related to sexual function. Variables including marital intimacy, psychosocial and urogenital menopausal symptom, period since menopause and body mass index therapy explained 51.5% in sexual function of participants. CONCLUSION When nurses plan sexual counseling and education for sexual function of postmenopausal married women, it is necessary to consider marital intimacy, menopausal symptoms, and menopause-related factors.
RAD sequencing data reveal a radiation of willow species (Salix L., Salicaceae) in the Hengduan Mountains and adjacent areas

The Hengduan Mountains (HDM) in South West China are an important hotspot of plant diversity and endemism and considered to be a secondary diversification center for the woody plant genus Salix (Salicaceae). This study aimed to reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of the Salix Chamaetia-Vetrix clade in the HDM and to test for the occurrence of a radiation. We inferred phylogenetic relationships based on more than 34,000 RAD loci of 27 species. Phylogenetic analyses recovered a well-resolved tree topology with two major clades, the Eurasian and the HDM clade and a divergence time of c. 23.9 Ma. The HDM clade comprises two subclades. The species of the HDM clade originated in north HDM and adjacent areas and then dispersed into the south HDM, westwards to the Himalayas and eastwards to the Qinling Mountains. Niche modelling analyses revealed that during the last glacial maximum, range contractions were observed in the northern areas, while southward expansions resulted in range overlaps. The reconstruction of putative adaptive character evolution of plant height, inflorescence and flower morphology indicate that adaptations to altitudinal distribution contributed to the diversification of the HDM willows. Our data indicate that a radiation occurred in HDM within the Salix Chamaetia-Vetrix clade. Dispersal within the mountain system and to adjacent regions as well as survival in glacial refugia have shaped the biogeographical history of the clade. Differentiation along altitudinal zonation concomitant to morphological adaptations to colder climates may be important ecological factors for the high species diversity of Salix in this area.
Individualized lung protective ventilation vs. conventional ventilation during general anesthesia in laparoscopic total hysterectomy

Laparoscopic total hysterectomy is performed by carbon dioxide insufflation, Trendelenburg position and mechanical ventilation of patients under general anesthesia. However, this may induce pulmonary atelectasis and/or hyperdistention of the lungs. Multiple studies have indicated that mechanical ventilation with the use of low tidal volumes, moderate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and regular alveolar recruitment maneuvers may improve post-operative outcomes. However, the benefits of an individualized level of PEEP have not been clearly established. In the present study, it was hypothesized that a moderate fixed PEEP may not suit all patients and an individually-titrated PEEP during anesthesia may improve the peri-operative pulmonary oxygenation function. The aim of the present study was to compare the pulmonary oxygenation function and post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients receiving individualized lung-protective mechanical ventilation (LPV) vs. conventional ventilation (CV) during laparoscopic total hysterectomy. The present study was a randomized double-blinded clinical trial on 87 patients who were randomly divided to receive CV or protective ventilation (PV). An optimal individualized PEEP value was determined using a static pulmonary compliance-directed PEEP titration procedure. Pulmonary oxygenation function, serum inflammatory factors, including interleukin-8 and Clara cell protein 16, the incidence of PPCs and the post-operative length of stay were also determined. Patients in the PV group exhibited improved pulmonary oxygenation function during and after the operation. The total percentage of PPCs during the first 7 days after surgery was significantly lower in the PV group compared with those in the CV group. In conclusion, as compared to CV, intra-operative individualized LPV significantly improved pulmonary oxygenation function and reduced the incidence of PPCs during the first 7 days after laparoscopic total hysterectomy (Clinical trial registration no. ChiCTR1900027738).
The role of miRNAs in peritoneal dialysis associated fibrogenesis

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a life-saving form of renal replacement therapy for those with End Stage Kidney Disease. Peritoneal fibrosis is a considerable problem for PD patients, and mesothelial cells, which line the peritoneal cavity, play a central role in response to injury and fibrogenesis within the peritoneum. Mesothelial cells may undergo mesothelial to mesenchymal transition (MMT) contributing to peritoneal fibrosis and treatment failure. miRNAs are important regulators of fibrosis but their roles in peritoneal fibrosis are largely unknown. Here, a detailed characterization of the MMT process was performed in primary human mesothelial cells (HPMCs) in response to Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-β1). Hybridization array showed mesothelial miR-21 and miR-31 expression was up-regulated by TGF-β1 which was validated by RTqPCR in different PD associated MMT models. Mesothelial cells cultured ex vivo from PD patients exhibited phenotypic changes consistent with a progressive MMT process that correlated with an increase in miR-21 and miR-31 expression. Association of miRNA expression and MMT markers in 33 peritoneal biopsies from patients undergoing PD treatment and in PD effluent from 230 PD patients confirmed these results. In silico analysis combined 4 target prediction algorithms (Targetscan, miRanda, miRDB and Diana-microT) for miR-21 and integrated the resulting outcome with mRNA arrays comparing omentum vs PD effluent-derived HPMCs with epithelial (E) and non-epithelial (NE) phenotype. 13 possible miR-21 targets during the MMT process associated to PD therapy were identified and model scrutinized. Four of these were confirmed to be miR- 21 targets. Functional gene analysis indicated that selected targets may be downstream modulators of Snail and cooperate driving MMT during peritoneal fibrosis. Taken together, these data provide a detailed characterisation of mesothelial miRNA expression and responses to TGF-β1, and identify miR-21 and miR-31 as promising biomarkers for peritoneal fibrosis associated to PD therapy.
Bacterial Biofilm: A Major Challenge of Catheterization

Biofilm is a co mmunity of microorganisms of same or different species encased in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substance on both living and non-living surfaces. Catheters are generally critical indwelling medical devices commonly used in clinical applications to enhanced flow of flu ids out of the patient's body as well as influ x of medications into human biological systems. Like many other indwelling medical devices, catheters are prone to enhanced risk of nosocomial in fections which becomes a critical challenge as a result of microbial attach ment to the surfaces of the catheters. Attachment and subsequent biofilm development on catheter surfaces cause a number of persistent infections. The biofilm development increases resistance to antibiotics . However, this sometimes led to high pathogenesis, patient morbid ity and mortality. This condition usually calls for a premature catheter removal which will increase the cost of treat ment and improvidence of resources. This review focuses on how catheters get infected, microbial d iversity among catheter biofilms, factors med iating b iofilm formation on catheters and current strategies used in controlling b iofilm format ion on indwelling catheters.
Repeat treatment with capsaicin 8% patch (179mg capsaicin cutaneous patch): Effects on pain, quality of life, and patient satisfaction in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: an open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial

1Eastern Virginia Medical School, Strelitz Diabetes Center, Norfolk, VA, USA; 2Hôpital Hôtel Dieu, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; 3Eastern Virginia Medical School, Strelitz Diabetes Center, Norfolk, VA, USA; 4Vestra Clinics Dedicated Research Clinics, Rychnov nad Kněžnou, Czech Republic; 5Astellas Pharma Europe B.V. , Leiden, Netherlands; 6Astellas Pharma Europe B.V. , Leiden, Netherlands; 7Hospital Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain; 8Analgesic Solutions, Natick, MA, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
Temporal trend of measles cases and impact of vaccination on mortality in Jigawa State, Nigeria, 2013-2017: a secondary data analysis

Introduction Measles is a highly infectious vaccine-preventable viral disease that mostly affects children less than five years old. Jigawa located in the north-west zone has the highest burden of measles in Nigeria. We reviewed Jigawa State measles surveillance data to identify measles trend and factors associated with mortality. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of measles specific integrated disease surveillance and response data for Jigawa State from January 2013 to December 2017. We extracted relevant variables and analyzed data using descriptive statistics and logistic regression model (α = 0.05). We estimated seasonal variation using an additive time series model. Results A total of 6,214 cases were recorded with 1038 (16.7%) confirmed by laboratory investigation. Only 1,185 (19.7%) had at least one dose of measles vaccine. Age specific attack and fatality rates were highest among children under the age of five years (503/100,000 and 1.8% respectively). The trend showed a decrease in number of cases across all the years. Seasonal variation existed with cases peaking in the first quarter. The likelihood of mortality associated with measles was higher among cases who had no vaccination (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.9-7.5) than those who had at least one dose of measles vaccine. Conclusion There was a decrease in the trend of measles cases, however, the vaccination coverage was very low in Jigawa State. Receiving at least one dose of measles vaccine reduces mortality among the cases. Strengthening routine immunization will reduce number of cases and mortality associated with the disease.
Carbon nanofiber activated by molybdenum disulfide as an effective binder‐free composite anode for highly reversible lithium storage

Carbon nanofiber film (CNF) as anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) draws attention for its excellent cyclic stability, but its practical application is limited due to low specific capacity. Considering the advantages of pure CNF and MoS2, a flexible film which CNF covered by MoS2 (MoS2/CNF) is successfully produced and evaluated as a binder‐free electrode for LIBs without mixing with carbon black and polymer binder. MoS2 nanoflakes (8.91 wt% of the composite sample) covering on CNF (MoS2/CNF‐B sample) plays the key role in activating the electrochemical properties of CNF, but dense MoS2 nanoflakes (39.4 wt%) on CNF (MoS2/CNF‐A) seriously limit the electrochemical properties of CNF. At 0.1 and 1.0 A g−1, MoS2/CNF‐B sample delivers 967.1 and 605.7 mA h g−1, the capacities are almost twice as much as those of pure CNF. The initial columbic efficiency of MoS2/CNF‐B sample of 76.4% is much higher than that of pure CNF sample of 62.1%. Moreover, MoS2/CNF‐B sample presents no capacity decay till 100 cycles, and the cycled electrode at the 100th cycle still maintains a stable composite structure of MoS2 nanoflakes covering on CNF.
Strategic digital transformation of organisations

—The contemporary business setting, as well as the era of a more and more intensive digital development of society, are creating greater challenges for organisations when it comes to introducing digital processes into almost every domain of business, that is, conducting a digital transformation of the organisation. Conducting a strategic digital transformation of an organisation is becoming one of the key elements of its business success. This paper aims to analyse the key requirements regarding a strategic digital transformation, as well as to analyse those organisations which have successfully performed this process, and those who did not manage to reach the desired goals in the process of strategic digital transformations.
Depth Enhancement and Surface Reconstruction with RGB/D Sequence

OF DISSERTATION Depth Enhancement and Surface Reconstruction with RGB/D Sequence Surface reconstruction and 3D modeling is a challenging task, which has been explored for decades by the computer vision, computer graphics, and machine learning communities. It is fundamental to many applications such as robot navigation, animation and scene understanding, industrial control and medical diagnosis. In this dissertation, I take advantage of the consumer depth sensors for surface reconstruction. Considering its limited performance on capturing detailed surface geometry, a depth enhancement approach is proposed in the first place to recovery small and rich geometric details with captured depth and color sequence. In addition to enhancing its spatial resolution, I present a hybrid camera to improve the temporal resolution of consumer depth sensor and propose an optimization framework to capture high speed motion and generate high speed depth streams. Given the partial scans from the depth sensor, we also develop a novel fusion approach to build up complete and watertight human models with a template guided registration method. Finally, the problem of surface reconstruction for non-Lambertian objects, on which the current depth sensor fails, is addressed by exploiting multi-view images captured with a hand-held color camera and we propose a visual hull based approach to recovery the 3D model.
A SCOPING REVIEW OF NEED AND UNMET NEED FOR COMMUNITY-BASED PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CANADA

To investigate need and unmet need for community-based physiotherapy services (CBPTS) for Canadian adults. The scoping review was completed between May-September 2015. The methodology proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and the recommendations to advance scoping studies by Levac et al. were followed. The definitions of normative, felt, comparative, and expressed need were used to categorize need and the dimensions of availability, affordability, and acceptability was used to categorize unmet need. Two reviewers (SW, JS) independently reviewed 2265 abstracts and selected 191 articles for full-text review. Data extraction and thematic analyses were completed on 24 articles. Comparative need and service availabilities were the most frequent type and reason identified for need and unmet need respectively. Individuals from rural communities and persons living with chronic conditions more frequently identified barriers to accessing CBPTS. Unmet need for CBPTS exists in Canada. Physiotherapists must consider innovative service delivery models in order to maximize population health outcomes and minimize stress on health care systems like the Canadian population ages.
The Effectiveness of Topical Pimecrolimus in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus

Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects the skin and the mucosa, especially the oral mucosa. Several therapeutic agents have been investigated for the treatment of OLP. All agents used in the OLP therapy are palliative. Potent topical steroids are used as the conventional therapy for OLP. Since side-effects or steroid resistance may be encountered, alternative treatments may be necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the topical pimecrolimus in the treatment of OLP. Methods: Seventeen patients with OLP were recruited into this study. Topical pimecrolimus 1% cream was applied twice a day to the affected areas. Patients were followed up for 3-6 months. Photographs of the lesions were taken and analyzed for areas of ulceration, erythema, and reticulation in every clinical examination. Results: We found that topical pimecrolimus 1% cream was an effective treatment for OLP. Two patients could not complete the treatment protocol because of the side effects such as local irritation and nausea. Conclusion: Topical pimecrolimus may be a valuable second treatment choice for patients with steroid-related side-effects or steroid-resistant OLP. However further randomized controlled studies have to be conducted to compare conventional treatment of topical corticosteroid with topical pimecrolimus.