Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the (hydrodynamic) memory in the theory of Brownian motion

The aim of this paper is to remember and review several exceptional investigations on the theory of the Brownian motion. Although in these works the first correct hydrodynamic theories of the translational and rotational Brownian motion have been created, they remained unknown or very little known to the physical community and long time after the appearance of the original papers their main results were rediscovered by other authors. The reviewed works are highly interesting not only historically but from the methodical point of view as well.
Impact of SSTR PET on Inter-Observer Variability of Target Delineation of Meningioma and the Possibility of Using Threshold-Based Segmentations in Radiation Oncology

Simple Summary Differences in tumor segmentations between radiation oncologists is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in radiation therapy planning. This study investigated the influence of additional functional information from somatostatin receptor PET imaging on the inter observer variability in the delineation of meningioma. Further, this study assessed the usability of a simple thresholding approach for lesion delineation. It could be shown, that additional PET information was able to significantly reduce the inter observer variability. The threshold based delineation approach required a relatively low threshold value and showed only moderate agreement with the radiation oncologists. Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of including somatostatin receptor agonist (SSTR) PET imaging in meningioma radiotherapy planning by means of changes in inter-observer variability (IOV). Further, the possibility of using threshold-based delineation approaches for semiautomatic tumor volume definition was assessed. Patients and Methods: Sixteen patients with meningioma undergoing fractionated radiotherapy were delineated by five radiation oncologists. IOV was calculated by comparing each delineation to a consensus delineation, based on the simultaneous truth and performance level estimation (STAPLE) algorithm. The consensus delineation was used to adapt a threshold-based delineation, based on a maximization of the mean Dice coefficient. To test the threshold-based approach, seven patients with SSTR-positive meningioma were additionally evaluated as a validation group. Results: The average Dice coefficients for delineations based on MRI alone was 0.84 ± 0.12. For delineation based on MRI + PET, a significantly higher dice coefficient of 0.87 ± 0.08 was found (p < 0.001). The Hausdorff distance decreased from 10.96 ± 11.98 mm to 8.83 ± 12.21 mm (p < 0.001) when adding PET for the lesion delineation. The best threshold value for a threshold-based delineation was found to be 14.0% of the SUVmax, with an average Dice coefficient of 0.50 ± 0.19 compared to the consensus delineation. In the validation cohort, a Dice coefficient of 0.56 ± 0.29 and a Hausdorff coefficient of 27.15 ± 21.54 mm were found for the threshold-based approach. Conclusions: SSTR-PET added to standard imaging with CT and MRI reduces the IOV in radiotherapy planning for patients with meningioma. When using a threshold-based approach for PET-based delineation of meningioma, a relatively low threshold of 14.0% of the SUVmax was found to provide the best agreement with a consensus delineation.
Permian-Triassic palynofloral transition in Sohagpur Coalfield, South Rewa Gondwana Basin, Madhya Pradesh, India

A 1300 m thick sedimentary sequence in borehole SNB–1 around Jaisinghnagar area in the western part of the South Rewa Basin has been lithologically designated as the Pali Formation. However, palynological investigation reveals presence of three distinct palynoassemblage zones belonging to late Permian, early and late Triassic ages in ascending order. Palynoassemblage I (Striatopodocarpites magnificus–Crescentipollenites fuscus) recorded between a depth of 1213.40–1164.10 m showing dominance of striate bisaccate pollen taxa chiefly―Striatopodocarpites ovatus, Faunipollenites varius and Crescentipollenites fuscus in association with Alisporites ovalis, Lunatisporites pellucidus, Densipollenites indicus and Lahirites rarus is late Permian (Raniganj) in age. Palynoassemblage II (Lundbladispora densispinosa–Densoisporites playfordii) recorded between a depth of 1054.30–956.00 m and showing dominance of cavate/cingulate spores, like Lundbladispora microconata, Densoisporites complicatus along with Kraeuselisporites rallus, Lapposisporites lapposus, Playfordiaspora crenulata, Goubinispora indica, Klausipollenites schaubergeri, Limatulasporites fossulatus and Reduviasporonites chalastus indicates an early Triassic age. Palynoassemblage III (Aulisporites astigmosus–Falcisporites nuthallensis) recorded between a depth of 404.40–53.60 m and characterized by the dominance of Aulisporites astigmosus along with Falcisporites nuthallensis, Tikisporites balmei, Dubrajisporites unicus, Enzonalasporites densus, Leschikisporites aduncus, Lunatisporites rhaeticus, Lueckisporites virkkiae, Playfordiaspora vellata, Polycingulatisporites crenulatus, Cingulizonates indicus, Neoraistrickia taylori and Aratrisporites fischeri is equated with late Triassic (Supra–Panchet) age. The Permian–Triassic boundary is delineated at the contact of coal/shale bearing upper part of the Middle Member and lower part of the Upper Member of the Pali Formation (between 1164.10–1075.15 m depth). At the P/T boundary, the abrupt change of the palynoflora is marked by the disappearance of the striate bisaccate pollen grains and appearance of non–striate bisaccate grains in association with cingulate–cavate/zonate trilete spores. The Permian/Triassic palynofloras recorded in South Rewa Basin show close similarities with those of the uppermost Bainmedart Coal Measures (McKinnon Member) and Flagstone Bench Formation of east Antarctica.
The derivation of Markov Chain Properties using Generalized Matrix Inverses

The analysis of many problems of interest associated with Markov chains, e.g. stationary distributions, moments of first passage time distributions and moments of occupation time random variables, involves the solution of a system of linear equations involving I - P, where P is the transition matrix of a finite, irreducible, discrete time Markov chain. Generalized inverses play an important role in the solution of such singular sets of equations. In this presentation we survey the application of generalized matrix inverses to the aforementioned problems.
Sero-epidemiology and Risk Assessment of Hepatitis E Virus Among Blood Donors in North Lebanon

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of over 50% of acute viral hepatitis cases. The blood transfusion route has emerged as a possible route of transmission of HEV. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of IgM and IgG anti-HEV among blood donors in North Lebanon and to assess the risk factors associated with its occurrence. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2020. Blood samples were collected from 78 healthy blood donors. A standardized questionnaire containing sociodemographic, food consumption, lifestyle, and health-related characteristics, was filled out to assess the risk factors of HEV exposure. Serum samples were tested for IgM and IgG anti-HEV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The seroprevalence of IgM and IgG anti-HEV antibodies was reported in our study, and it reached 1.09% (1/78) and 12.82% (10/78), respectively. The use of private wells as a drinking source and the travel history to endemic countries have been identified as risk factors for HEV infections (P
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE AGAINST PHYSICIANS: AN ONLINE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction: Workplace violence against Health care workers (HCWs) in Egypt is a widely spread phenomenon that has a great disruptive effect on the healthcare systems. Accordingly, efforts are required to study this phenomenon and recommend solutions. Aim of Work: To identify the recent trends in workplace violence against physicians and its main predictors. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted targeting working physicians in healthcare facilities in Egypt. Non-probability snowball sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire that was designed using Google forms. The link of the questionnaire was posted to participants using social media applications namely Facebook, WhatsApp, and Telegram. Results: At the end of the data collection period, there were 445 completed questionnaires submitted by study participants. The prevalence of workplace violence was 82.5% (367 out of 445 physicians reported their exposure to violence whether physical, verbal, or both types). Visitors/patients’ relatives were the main source of violence and the Emergency department was the main setting of violence incidents. Exposure to violence was significantly affected by socioeconomic characters of participants (age, gender, and level of education) and the work-related variables (duration of work/ years, type of employer (Governmental or private institutions), specialty, working hours/week, shifting time, and security at the workplace). The main causes of workplace violence were lack of penalty for aggressors, poor security, and staff shortage. Conclusion: Physicians are at high risk for violence exposure which does not only affect the victims but the whole health system. The high prevalence of workplace violence observed in the current study obliges the decision-maker to put this issue as a priority with an urgent application of proper prevention and control programs.
The development of vertical layers in a rotating fluid

The development of vertical layers in a rotating fluid is considered for cases where the nonlinear effects cannot be completely neglected. Particular reference is made to the spin-up problem. When E is the Ekman,number and $\varepsilon $ the Rossby number, the nonlinearities are introduced once$\varepsilon \gg E^{1/4} $; here, though, we essentially restrict the discussion to the parameter range $E^{1/4} \ll \varepsilon \ll E^{1/6} $. Because there are time scales and regions of the flow field where the flow is still linear, the nonlinear results can be embedded more precisely in a well understood theory. Where possible, we indicate the understandings that can be inferred for the situation where $\varepsilon = O( 1 )$.
The ESSENCE-Questionnaire for Neurodevelopmental Problems – A Swedish School-Based Validation Study in 11-Year-Old Children

Purpose To determine the prevalence of parent-rated developmental concern using the ESSENCE-Q (Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations-Questionnaire, 12-items, score range 0–24) and to ascertain the predictive validity and optimal cutoff level of the instrument in a school-based sample of 11-year-old children. Methods In a cross-sectional, school-based study, participants underwent a clinical assessment by a physician and a psychologist, teachers and parents completed the SDQ (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire), medical health records and national tests were reviewed, and parents independently completed the ESSENCE-Q. In a case-conference outcomes were defined as a) the need for further clinical work-up due to suspected neurodevelopmental problems (NDPs) and b) degree of investigator-rated symptoms/impairment from NDPs on the CGI-S (Clinical Global Impression-Severity instrument, range 1–7, 4–7 defined as clinically symptomatic). Classification and optimal cutoffs of the ESSENCE-Q were determined using ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. Results Out of 343 eligible children, 223 enrolled, of whom 173 (50% of all eligible) had a parent-rated ESSENCE-Q. At least one of the 12 possible concerns was reported by parents of 36% of participants. Overall, in 101 (57%) participants a work-up was warranted, and 64 (37%) were clinically symptomatic from NDPs. The AUC of the ESSENCE-Q in detecting need for work-up was 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–0.77), and the AUC in detecting clinically symptomatic participants was 0.82 (95% CI 0.76–0.88). ESSENCE-Q ratings correlated positively with CGI-S scores (r=0.48, p<0.05). A cutoff of ≥3 had the highest accuracy (78%) with a negative predictive value of 82%. Ratings >6 conferred few false positives cases with positive likelihood ratios >10 and positive predictive values of 86% or more. Significance This study of the ESSENCE-Q in 11-year-old children suggests it might be an acceptable instrument for screening of NDPs in children in middle school, optimally in conjunction with other methods.
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP IN ADULT Heteropneustes fossilis FROM CULTURE POND

Length-Weight relationship in adult (one year old) Heteropneustes fossilis collected from culture pond of Batiaghata in Khulna of Bangladesh was conducted during 1 June, 2007 to 2 July, 2007. The overall sex ratio of male to female was 1: 0.98. The total length was recorded in cm and the weight of the individuals was measured by means of a sensitive (3 decimal places) electric balance in g. The relationship indicated that weight of fish is directly related with the length of the species. A significant length-weight relationship was found for combined sex (R2 = 0.943), male (R2 = 0.789) and female (R2 = 0.939) in respect to total length of the species. This indicated that they are positively correlated. The peak condition factor (K) value was found at (5.09±0.526), (6.138±.0.60) and (5.77±0.40) in 17-18.9cm, 11.5-12.4cm and 15.5-16.9 cm and relative condition factor (Kn) value was found at (1.09±0.129), (1.186±0.17) and (1.148±0.09) in 17-18.9 cm, 16.5-17.4 cm and 15.5-16.9 cm of total length class size for combined sex, male and female respectively. Regression coefficient values (b) were found at 2.13 and 4.97 for male and female respectively, these values were not significantly different from 3 (Isometric growth) (p>0.05) and mean b value was found at 3.5 which indicated that the growth of adult was positive allometric. To ensure the continuity of the biodiversity and to retain the species for future generation, proper management and culture techniques of these species should be encouraged
Investigation of foundation bed’s characteristics and environmental safety assessment in some parts of Bayelsa State, south–south Nigeria

Abstract The application of appropriate geophysical survey is very pertinent in planning for a successful development of civil engineering structures. In this study, an uphole seismic refraction survey and borehole logs were used to determine the foundation bed’s characteristics for civil engineering development, while a portable gamma spectrometer was used to assess the environmental safety worthiness in some parts of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The seismic refraction revealed a two-layer model, composing of an unconsolidated layer and a consolidated layer. The overburden thickness of the unconsolidated stratum varied from 2.2 to 7.5 m. The borehole logs showed alternating sequence of clay and sand up to a depth of 60 m. The radiometric survey revealed that thorium and the average radioactivity ratios of U/K, Th/K and U/Th are above the global standards by factors of 1.4, 6.4, 11.0 and 2.3 in sequence. Though the overburden in the study area is thin, it is advisable to excavate some aerated soil materials within the unconsolidated layer to minimize the effects of clay on the structure’s foundation. Furthermore, periodic environmental safety monitoring and assessment is recommended in the study area.
Potential socio-economic impact of replacing traditional woven baskets with reusable plastic crates on livelihoods of basket makers in Southeast Nigeria

In Nigeria, packaging of fresh fruits and vegetables especially tomatoes is mostly done using traditional woven baskets from palm fronds. There is a belief that the introduction of reusable plastic crates (RPC) may take away the source of livelihood of basket makers and sellers who are majorly domiciled in the southeastern zone of Nigeria. The study assessed the potential socio-economic impact of replacing baskets with plastic crates for fresh tomato transportation on the livelihoods of basket makers in southeast Nigeria. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires. Overall, 430 basket makers were drawn from 16 basket production villages in Anambra, Imo, Ebonyi and Enugu states of the southeast. The primary source of income for the majority of the respondents (90.6%) was basket making, with other sources of income being mostly trading (21.3%) and farming (18.6%). About 28.9% of the respondents' income was between N11,000 and N20,000, while 34.7% were earning less thanN10,00 and 36.4% earning above N20,000. As many as 76.7% were willing to diversify into other businesses, particularly trading (37.3%), provision selling (16%) and skilled work (10.6%). The major challenges identified in diversifying were shortage of capital (96.3%) and a lack of prerequisite skills (3.7%). These challenges could be resolved by government intervention (47.8%), provision of financial aid, (39.2%); new jobs (2.2%) and loans (3.2%). Alternative income-generating activities include opening a provision store, food selling, rearing of animals/animal husbandry, trading in automobile spare parts, fruit selling, meat selling, bakery and confectionary. The perceived impacts of replacing baskets with RPCs were joblessness, increased poverty, crime and prostitution, rural urban drift and a dwindling economy. It is thus recommended that plastic crate introduction should be gradual and systematic and basket makers should be properly sensitized and informed. Government and non-governmental organizations should assist basket makers in mitigating the potential impact of replacing baskets with RPCs. Key words: Socio-economic impact, socio-economic characteristics, basket makers, livelihood activities, southeast Nigeria
What is Historicity?

ABSTRACT: The article argues for a distinction between standard “historical thinking”, which aims at interpreting theories, views and concepts by considering them in their historical or cultural context, and a more sophisticated “thinking of historicity”, which attempts to uncover the historical nature of human understanding in general. The latter kind of thinking is exemplified, in different ways, by Husserl, Heidegger and Gadamer, who all strongly opposed the trend to “historicize” ideas and knowledge. It is pointed out that the notion of historicity resembles the notion of path-dependence, which has gained prominence in contemporary philosophy of science. It is further argued that precisely because historicity turns out to be a generic and fundamental phenomenon, a part of the human condition, it does not by itself allow one to discriminate between more or less authentic or genuinely historical styles or genres of thinking or research.
Planimetry of Economic States

The new information physical method of constructing the space of economic states is proposed. Unlike the existing theories of consumption, its properties are completely determined axiomatically by the operation of measurement and do not require phenomenological assumptions. The authors consider a transaction of exchange of valuables between two proprietors as such operation. The result of measurement is a dimensional number equal to the proportion of exchange. The constructed space appears to be Euclidean vector space with ordinary operators of composition of vectors, their scalar product, etc. The task of determining the parameters of equilibrium of a complex economic system can be formulated as a task of statics in the constructed space and can be solved by one of the physical methods.
GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES AMONG 18 MAIZE POPULATIONS IN DROUGHT TOLERANCE AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES

Two field experiments were carried out during 1995 and 1996 to evaluate 18 white maize populations (3 local and 15 exotics) for their differences in drought tolerance under 5 moisture regimes in order to identify the best ones for future use in breeding programs. The 5 moisture regimes included: well watering (WW), stress at pre-flowering (BF), stress at flowering (FS), stress at post-flowering (AF) and severe stress (SS) at both flowering and post-flowering stages. A split-plot design with 3 replicates was used, where main plots were alloted for the moisture regimes, while sub-plots were for the maize populations. Fourteen traits were analyzed. Drought stress caused significant reductions in grain yield and most of the studied traits, while days to 50 silking, anthesis-silking interval (ASI), leaf/air temperature, percentage of barrin stalks and leaf rolling traits were increased. Flowering stage was the most sensetive period with respect to grain yield. The local cultivar Giza-2 and the two exotic populations (DTP-1and DTP-2) bred for drought tolerance by CIMMYT were the most drought tolerant genotypes at all growth stages, based on their absolute, relative and potential yields. Drought tolerance of maize appears to be specific for a certain growth stage, but genotypes could be bred for tolerance at more than one growth stage. The most drought tolerant genotypes had a shorter ASI, lower leaf/air temperature , higher number of ears/plant, earlier flowering, lower leaf rolling and lower percentage of barren stalks, than those of the most susceptible genotypes.
Domain Feature Mapping with YOLOv7 for Automated Edge-Based Pallet Racking Inspections

Pallet racking is an essential element within warehouses, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities. To guarantee its safe operation as well as stock protection and personnel safety, pallet racking requires continuous inspections and timely maintenance in the case of damage being discovered. Conventionally, a rack inspection is a manual quality inspection process completed by certified inspectors. The manual process results in operational down-time as well as inspection and certification costs and undiscovered damage due to human error. Inspired by the trend toward smart industrial operations, we present a computer vision-based autonomous rack inspection framework centered around YOLOv7 architecture. Additionally, we propose a domain variance modeling mechanism for addressing the issue of data scarcity through the generation of representative data samples. Our proposed framework achieved a mean average precision of 91.1%.