Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review and Metanalysis on the Use of Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor in Diets for Poultry

Simple Summary The dietary use of insect meal is a trend that aims to reach sustainability in animal production. Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly) and Tenebrio molitor (yellow mealworm) are the most common insect species reared for larvae production since they have the capacity to transform wasted materials and food into a high-protein meal that can be included in poultry diets. However, the potential use of either H. illucens or T. molitor larvae meal and oil is not limited to the nutritional composition of their products, but it is extended to their functional effects on animal health. Recently, the functional and antimicrobial properties of dietary insect provision have also been evaluated. This manuscript provides a systematic review and a metanalysis on the use of either H. illucens or T. molitor meal and oil as ingredients or feed additives, and their effects on broilers’ growth performance and gut health. Insect meal and oil enhanced the immune status and gut microbiota, demonstrating an opportunity for the use of products that can contribute to poultry health. Abstract Insect meal as a protein source has been considered a sustainable way to feed animals. H. illucens and T. molitor larvae meal are considered high-protein sources for poultry, also presenting considerable amounts of fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. However, other potential components in insect meal and insect oil have been more extensively studied in recent years. Chitin, lauric acid, and antimicrobial peptides can present antimicrobial and prebiotic functions, indicating that low levels of their inclusion in insect meal can beneficially affect broilers’ health and immune responses. This systematic review was developed to study the impact of insect products on the health parameters of broilers, and a metanalysis was conducted to evaluate the effects on performance. A database was obtained based on a selection of manuscripts from January 2016 to January 2023, following the mentioned parameters. Both H. illucens and T. molitor meal or oil products had positive effects on poultry health status, especially on the ileal and cecal microbiota population, immune responses, and antimicrobial properties. The average daily gain was greater in broilers fed T. molitor meal compared to H. illucens meal (p = 0.002). The results suggest that low levels of insect meal are suitable for broilers, without resulting in negative effects on body weight gain and the feed conversion ratio, while the insect oil can totally replace soybean oil without negative impacts.
Interannual and Decadal Variations of Surface Solar Radiation over East China in the First Half of the 20th Century

Abstract Variability and long-term trends of sunshine duration (SSD) and total cloud cover (TCC) were studied based on surface observations from 10 meteorological stations over East China in the first half of the 20th century. The correlation coefficients between SSD and diurnal temperature range (DTR), as well as TCC, were analyzed. SSD experienced a significant increasing trend (0.16 h d−1 per decade) from 1908 to 1936, and the maximum brightening was in autumn (0.33 h d−1 per decade). The good agreement between the variability of SSD and DTR, supported by the correlation coefficient between them of 0.72, implies that the SSD measurements were reliable. TCC showed a decreasing trend (-0.93% per decade) and was significantly inversely related to SSD (-0.74), indicating the variation of SSD was attributable to changes in cloud cover. The result was obviously different to that since the 1960s, when clouds could not account for the decadal trend of surface solar radiation in China.
The effectiveness of a rational-emotive intervention on teachers’ unconditional self-acceptance, perfectionism, and pupil control ideology

Introduction The present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) intervention on in-service teachers. Methods A quasi-experimental 2-group (intervention vs. control) × 3-time (pre, post-test, follow-up) design was applied to explore to what extent the REBT interventions help teachers increase their level of unconditional self-acceptance as the primary outcome and decrease their perfectionism tendencies and pupil control ideology as secondary outcomes. The sample consisted of 100 in-service teachers assigned to either the intervention group (n = 50) or the control group (n = 50). The experimental group received a 6-week intervention program. Every session was held weekly and lasted 90–120 min. The Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ), Pupil Control Ideology Scale (PCI), and Perfectionism Inventory Scale (PI) were used to collect data. This study used a mixed model ANOVA 2 × 3 for data analysis. Results The results indicated that in the experimental group, there was a statistically significant increase in unconditional self-acceptance level from pre-test to post-test, which remains significant at the 6-month follow-up. Likewise, there were no statistically significant differences in unconditional self-acceptance levels between the post-test and 6-month follow-up in the intervention group. Discussion These findings prove that REBT interventions are effective in increasing teachers’ unconditional self-acceptance.
Spatial and hydrological analysis of the water supply system in as-Sila'/Sela (Tafila, Jordan) based on a 3D model

The research described below proposes a spatial analysis of the hydraulic infrastructure, and settlement remains, as well as a topographic analysis of the site of as-Sila'/Sela on the southern Transjordan plateau. The authors designed Sela's first photogrammetric model from aerial photographs provided by the "Aerial Photographic Archive for Archaeology in the Middle East (APAAME)" project. This modelling has enabled the research team to locate new hydraulic structures, settlement remains, marks on vertical facing, and elevated or levelling platforms hitherto unidentified by a pedestrian survey; it was also possible to obtain more detailed direct and indirect relationships between these features. The 3D model has provided a reference for locating the various elements and correlating their surface with the topographic coordinates recorded by the total station during fieldwork. Additionally, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was derived from the 3D model to depict the flow direction of run-off. Through our analysis, we identified spaces for accessing, managing, and utilising available water resources, including settlement density and flooding zones. The hydrological analysis revealed potential run-off and flood-prone areas, guiding the location of hydraulic structures to prevent water contamination. This study highlights the importance of Sela's water supply systems and the technical expertise of ancient communities in their construction and management. The applicability and feasibility of the applied methodology emphasise its use as a powerful and indispensable tool to obtain a complete overview of the site. The results yield a comprehensive site mapping with a broader scope than previous research and provide a basis for further research, as well as for understanding the site's water supply and settlement patterns. Thus, this study enhances the hydro-technological investigation of Sela's water management and culture and contributes to its holistic analysis. Future studies can use the data to propose effective water management strategies and shed light on the social structures involved in water supply practices.
Synergistic Stabilization of Nanoemulsion Using Nonionic Surfactants and Salt-Sensitive Cellulose Nanocrystals

Soybean stover is a lignocellulose biomass that is rich in cellulose. In the present study, soybean cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared from soybean stover by alkaline treatment, bleaching treatment, acid hydrolysis, dialysis and ultrasonication. The as-prepared soybean CNC was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zetasizer and rheometer. The effects of NaCl on the particle size, zeta potential, and viscosity of soybean CNC was studied. Soybean CNC was explored as an emulsion stabilizer for lemongrass-essential-oil-loaded emulsions. Soybean CNCs could stabilize the oil-in-water emulsion against coalescence but not flocculation. The addition of NaCl reduced the creaming index and enhanced the encapsulation efficiency and freeze–thaw stability of the CNC-stabilized emulsion. Salted CNC (i.e., CNC in the presence of NaCl) enhanced the thermodynamic stability (i.e., heating–cooling and freeze–thaw stability) of Tween 80 stabilized emulsion, while unsalted CNC did not. Synergistic effects existed between Tween 80 and salted CNC in stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions. The nanoemulsion stabilized with Tween 80 and salted CNC had a mean particle size of ~70 nm, and it was stable against all thermodynamic stability tests. This is the first study to report the synergistic interaction between salted CNC and small molecular weight surfactants (e.g., Tween 80) to improve the thermodynamic stability of nanoemulsion.
Effect of clarification on some characteristics of pomegranate juice processed by two different methods during storage

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of two clarifying procedures and their effects on some properties in thermally or microwave-pasteurized pomegranate juices. The experiment consisted in combining pectinase and protease as well as chitosan and gelatin once they were being stored in the refrigerator. The experiment consisted in three parts, being the first one a fresh juice without any clarification treatment, whereas, the second one was the fresh juice treated with clarifying agent consisted of pectinase and protease mixture ratio (2:1) at 0.75 v/v,and 50 °C for 20 min. Finally, the third one was fresh juice treated with chitosan and gelatin mixture at 0.4 and 0.8) g/L, respectively, at 50 °C for (20) min. The pasteurization of all three experiments was done by using two techniques, i.e., one with thermal water bath at 85 °C for two min and the microwave at 400 Watts for two min. All pomegranate juice bottles were stored at 4 °C for three months. The results showed a significant effect of the clarification method variable on the properties studied, especially turbidity, polyphenol and anthocyanin values. Moreover, the juice clarified with the enzymatic clarification method had better characteristics than the traditional ones during storage, what has therefore a better commercial appeal. The area of significance was founded with the use of traditional clarification with concentration at (0.4 and 0.8) g/l, and microwave pasteurization with 400 watts and zero month of storage at 4 °C, respectively, which is provided a minimum turbidity value.
Evaluating the teratogenic effect of Eugenol in the development of the chick embryos

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of single Eugenol dose on chick embryo development. Fertilized treated eggs of Gallus gallus domesticus injected with a single volume of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 μl Eugenol to the egg air chamber and control egg group were incubated at 37ºC in the humidified incubator for 3, 6, 12 and 18 days. A visible damage effect caused by increasing of Eugenol doses on the vascular development with the cause of angiogenesis and brain acetychlorinesterase (AchE) activity suppression, incomplete embryonic development with the increasing of malformation and the mortality rate of the chick embryo. This work demonstrated that the treatment of the chick embryo in the early stages with Eugenol may be considered as teratogenic agents at the dose levels utilized in our laboratory conditions between days 3 to day 18 of incubation.
Water Level Dynamics of the North American Great Lakes: Nonlinear Scaling and Fractional Bode Analysis of a Self-Affine Time Series

Smigelski, Jeffrey R. Ph.D., Environmental Sciences PhD Program, Wright State University, 2013. Water Level Dynamics of the North American Great Lakes: Nonlinear Scaling and Fractional Bode Analysis of a Self-Affine Time Series. Time series that exhibit multiple scaling properties in the frequency domain are common in natural systems (e.g., temperature through geologic time). NOAA verified hourly water level data ranging from 20 to 30 years in duration for nine stations in the North American Great Lakes is converted to the frequency domain using a complex discrete fast Fourier transform (FFT) and then expressed as a power spectrum in terms of frequency versus power. To quantify power law scaling behavior, a scaling exponent (β ) is determined by fitting a power function to a log-log plot of frequency ( f ) or period (T ) versus power in the frequency domain. For water level fluctuations in the Great Lakes, the frequency domain exhibits four distinct regions of power law scaling. The mathematical relationship of the scaling exponent (β ) to ( 1 f ) time series behavior is examined employing Bode analysis. Variations in scaling behavior of water level data, indicated by the patterns of change in amplitude and phase across frequencies, can be
Unveiling COVID-19 Secrets: Harnessing Cytokines as Powerful Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Predicting Severity

Introduction In coronavirus disease (COVID-19), inflammation takes center stage, with a cascade of cytokines released, contributing to both inflammation and lung damage. The objective of this study is to identify biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the severity of COVID-19. Materials and Methods Cytokine levels were determined in the serum from venous blood samples collected from 100 patients with COVID-19 and 50 healthy controls. COVID-19 patients classified based on the Modified Early Warning (MEWS) score. Cytokine concentrations were determined with a multiplex ELISA kit (Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Cytokine Screening Panel). Results The concentrations of all analyzed cytokines were elevated in the serum of COVID-19 patients relative to the control group, but no significant differences were observed in interleukin-9 (IL-9) and IL-12 p70 levels. In addition, the concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-2Rα, IL-6, IL-12 p40, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were significantly higher in symptomatic patients with accompanying pneumonia without respiratory failure (stage 2) than in asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic patients (stage 1). Conclusion The study revealed that IL-1ra, IL-2Rα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 p40, IL-16, and IL-18 levels serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, elevated IL-1α levels proved to be valuable in assessing the severity of COVID-19.
An analysis of digital stories of self-care practices among first- year students at a university of technology in South Africa

This article reports on a qualitative study that explored self-care practices among first-year studentsin managing stressors related to the first-year experience in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Qualitative data were collected using a purposive sample between March and June 2022. A total of 26first-year students registered at a university of technology in South Africa participated in the study byproducing digital stories sharing how they practised self-care. The domains of self-care were adoptedas a framework and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Six domains of self-care practicesemerged from the data and were categorised as physical, emotional, spiritual, relational, professional,and psychological. The findings show that first-year students engaged in a range of self-care practicesacross the domains of self-care including exercising, listening to music, performing ancestral rituals,donating blood, following successful people on social media, and learning new skills. Further, relational self-care was the most fundamental domain that underpinned first-year students’ well-being. In contrast, oversleeping or sleep deprivation, reckless spending, and eating unhealthy food to cope with stressors related to the first-year experience pointed to unhealthy self-care practicesin managing the stressors. Unhealthy self-care practices can threaten first-year students’ well-beingand possibly academic success. Student affairs and services need to design self-care programmes andcurricula to prevent harm and support adequate self-care. In designing self-care programmes, socialinvolvement and engagement are fundamental principles that should be emphasised. Future studiescan develop a self-care inventory to identify students at risk of poor self-care and design targetedinterventions to promote self-care.
Efficient and heritable A-to-K base editing in rice and tomato

Abstract Cytosine and adenosine base editors (CBE and ABE) have been widely used in plants, greatly accelerating gene function research and crop breeding. Current base editors can achieve efficient A-to-G and C-to-T/G/A editing. However, efficient and heritable A-to-Y (A-to-T/C) editing remains to be developed in plants. In this study, a series of A-to-K base editor (AKBE) systems were constructed for monocot and dicot plants. Furthermore, nSpCas9 was replaced with the PAM-less Cas9 variant (nSpRY) to expand the target range of the AKBEs. Analysis of 228 T0 rice plants and 121 T0 tomato plants edited using AKBEs at 18 endogenous loci revealed that, in addition to highly efficient A-to-G substitution (41.0% on average), the plant AKBEs can achieve A-to-T conversion with efficiencies of up to 25.9 and 10.5% in rice and tomato, respectively. Moreover, the rice-optimized AKBE generates A-to-C conversion in rice, with an average efficiency of 1.8%, revealing the significant value of plant-optimized AKBE in creating genetic diversity. Although most of the A-to-T and A-to-C edits were chimeric, desired editing types could be transmitted to the T1 offspring, similar to the edits generated by the traditional ABE8e. Besides, using AKBEs to target tyrosine (Y, TAT) or cysteine (C, TGT) achieved the introduction of an early stop codon (TAG/TAA/TGA) of target genes, demonstrating its potential use in gene disruption.
Vitamin D levels and depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing and commonly accompanied by comorbidities, such as depression. Vitamin D levels have been associated with T2DM and depression although the mechanism is uncertain. This study aimed to compare vitamin D levels between patients with T2DM with and without depression in the Indonesian community, where such research is rare. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The participants who met the inclusion criteria on an outpatient basis were screened for depression using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaire and then divided into 2 groups: patients with T2DM with (BDI-II ≥14) and without (BDI-II <14) depression. Both groups were examined for vitamin D levels using the ELISA method, and an analysis of the mean difference between both groups was performed. RESULTS Of 60 patients, 23 (38%) experienced depression. The median vitamin D levels were 21.8 ng/ml (IQR 14.9–26.6) in the depression group and 26.5 ng/ml (IQR 23.96–34.08) in the non-depression group (p = 0.001). After performing multivariate analysis with confounding variables, the adjusted OR of variables (sex, sun exposure score, and body mass index) was 1.123 (95% CI: 1.003–1.259; p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM with depression. Future studies should be carried out to determine the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in patients with T2DM with depression and their pathophysiology.
Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond Field-Effect Transistors With 1011 ON/ OFF Ratio Using an Al2O3/HfO2 Stacked Passivation Layer

Diamond-based devices with high ON/ OFF ratio are promising candidates for power and sensor applications. However, the limited ON/ OFF ratio caused by relatively high leakage currents still remains to be a problem. Herein, we present hydrogen-terminated diamond metal–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) with a 40-/100-nm aluminum oxide/hafnium dioxide stacked passivation layer to reduce leakage currents. Due to the stacked passivation layer, the fringing capacitances were introduced and the electric field at the drain edge of the gate was reduced. Encouragingly, the drain and gate leakage currents were reduced to the order of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-{9}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mA/mm under OFF-state conditions at room temperature. Consequently, an ON/ OFF ratio of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 1\times 10^{{11}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> was achieved, which is the highest value among the previously reported diamond-based field-effect transistors (FETs). Moreover, a record ON/ OFF ratio of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 5\times 10^{{9}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> was obtained even at 200 °C. Results of this work can pave the way for diamond-based devices in power or sensor applications.
EARLY STRESS DETECTION DURING PREGNANCY USING E-HEALTH IN THE PANDEMIC

Background: Women are more prone to stress during pregnancy than during the postpartum period. Stress during pregnancy is correlated with pregnancy and birth outcomes. Early detection using the e-health system is an alternative to health services during the pandemic. Aims: The research objective was to produce innovation in early stress detection using an information system based on the e-Health system. Methods: This study was conducted in the Ngaliyan Primary Healthcare Centre with 34 pregnant women. This study utilized both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research used the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), while quantitative research used an experimental design with a one-shot case study approach. Results: The e-Health system could automatically identify stress during pregnancy, with the TAM questionnaire yielding a very effective result of 85.4%. The average time needed to detect pregnant women’s stress was 230.94 seconds. This system can analyze 374 pregnant women within one day (24 hours), provide services, and report pregnant women’s stress detection results. Conclusions: The e-Health system effectively conserves time and can be used to record and report early stress in pregnant women. Keywords: early detection, information system, pregnancy, smartphone, stress
Preservation versus dissection of the intercostobrachial nerve for breast cancer surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of preservation of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) versus its dissection for patients who underwent breast surgery. Methods: The authors searched Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Scopus from inception until March 2023. Records were screened for eligible studies, and all relevant outcomes were pooled as an odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% CI in the meta-analysis models using RevMan version 5.4. Results: These results from 11 studies (1021 patients) favored preservation of the ICBN over its dissection in terms of anaesthesia and hypaesthesia [OR 0.50, (95% CI, 0.31–0.82); P = 0.006] and [OR 0.33, (95% CI, 0.16–0.68); P = 0.003], respectively. Whereas the overall effect favored ICBN dissection over preservation in the case of hyperaesthesia [OR 4.34, (95% CI, 1.43–13.15); P = 0.01]. Conversely, no significant variance was detected between the two groups in terms of pain [OR 0.68, (95% CI, 0.28–1.61) P = 0.38], paraesthesia [OR 0.88, (95% CI, 0.49–1.60); P = 0.68], and analgesia [OR 1.46, (95% CI, 0.05–45.69); P = 0.83]. Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed that the preservation of the ICBN has a significant effect on the disturbance of sensory parameters of hypaesthesia and anaesthesia when compared to its dissection. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to precisely compare both techniques on a wider range of parameters.