Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seeing Children in Prehistory: A View from Bronze Age Ireland

Despite growing strength in recent decades, an archaeology of childhood has often been overlooked by those studying prehistory. This is concerning because communities are enlivened by their children, and conversations with and about children often provide a critical arena for the discussion of aspects of societies which prehistorians are comfortable addressing, such as social structure, identity and personhood. Through an exploration of childhood as expressed in the Earlier Bronze Age burials from Ireland, this article demonstrates that neither written sources, artistic depictions nor toys are necessary to speak of children in the past. Indeed, an approach which tacks between scales reveals subtle trends in the treatment of children which speak to wider shared concerns and allows a reflection on the role of children in prehistory.
Semi-Supervised Ensemble Classifier with Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm and Its Application in Pulmonary Nodule Detection

The Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) classifier is a widely used ensemble learning framework, and it can get good classification results on general datasets. However, it is challenging to apply the AdaBoost classifier directly to pulmonary nodule detection of labeled and unlabeled lung CT images since there are still some drawbacks to ensemble learning method. Therefore, to solve the labeled and unlabeled data classification problem, the semi-supervised AdaBoost classifier using an improved sparrow search algorithm (AdaBoost-ISSA-S4VM) was established. Firstly, AdaBoost classifier is used to construct a strong semi-supervised classifier using several weak classifiers S4VM (AdaBoost-S4VM). Next, in order to solve the accuracy problem of AdaBoost-S4VM, sparrow search algorithm (SSA) is introduced in the AdaBoost classifier and S4VM. Then, sine cosine algorithm and new labor cooperation structure are adopted to increase the global optimal solution and convergence performance of sparrow search algorithm, respectively. Furthermore, based on the improved sparrow search algorithm and adaptive boosting classifier, the AdaBoost-S4VM classifier is improved. Finally, the effective improved AdaBoost-ISSA-S4VM classification model was developed for actual pulmonary nodule detection based on the publicly available LIDC-IDRI database. The experimental results have proved that the established AdaBoost-ISSA-S4VM classification model has good performance on labeled and unlabeled lung CT images.
Perceptions on population decline and ethno-cultural knowledge of Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) in southwest States of Nigeria.

The global decline of many vulture populations due to anthropogenic activities is increasing and is largely connected to cases of poisoning. The objectives of this study were to access local perceptions and knowledge of vulture declines, and to determine the ethno-cultural uses of vulture body parts across southwest Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered through interviews with randomly selected respondents (n = 144) between August 2018 and July 2019. Results showed that 82.5% (n = 119) of respondents confirmed the sharp decline in vulture populations. 79.8% (n = 115) of respondents considered poisoning to be the cause of vulture deaths in the study area and 79.8% (n = 117) confirmed the need to conserve the remaining vultures. 80.5% (n = 116) of respondents reported that vultures play a key role in Yoruba traditional settings. Vulture parts (organs) were reported as being important in ethno-cultural traditional benefits ranging from curing ailments, to making financial fortune to enhancing dreams, having visions about the future, healing and magic use. Conservation education and public awareness to shift the public mindset away from the use of vultures for rituals and healing purposes and the resultant negative effect of extirpation and extinction is the only way forward.
Nonstructural carbohydrates, carbon and nitrogen concentrations in fine roots of Quercus variabilis secondary forests after two different periods of regeneration

Aim of study: Quercus variabilis is a sclerophyllous oak with strong resprouting capabilities and whose regeneration is facilitated by the development of stump shoots following disturbance. During secondary forest regeneration, fine roots are important organs relative to changes in stand characteristics. Here, we aimed to provide novel insights into the chemical composition variations in roots with seasonality and root order hierarchy in a Q. variabilis forest at different periods of regeneration.Area of study: The forest is located next to the Baxianshan National Reserve in the southern part of the Yanshan Mountains, Tianjin, China.Materials and methods: Six plots were established in stands with either eight or 40 years of regeneration for the repeated sampling of fine roots during the growing season of 2019. All roots were classified by branch order. The first three root orders were collected to analyse the concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrate, carbon, and nitrogen.Main results: Short-term regeneration stands showed a reduction in soil moisture and an increase in soil temperature because of the lower canopy cover, compared to long-term stands. Soluble sugar and starch were lower in roots of short-term stands than in those of long-term stands, and the decreasing ratio of both parameters was observed in short-term stands. Less carbon and greater nitrogen concentrations of fine roots were found in short-term stands than in long-term stands, which resulted in weaker C/N ratio values. Nonstructural carbohydrate was stored more in higher order roots than terminal roots and presented greater sensitivity to forest regeneration. Redundancy discriminate analysis demonstrated that the nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations in roots were affected positively by canopy cover and negatively by soil temperature.Research highlights: The seasonal dynamics and branch allocation of chemical reserves in fine roots varied in the different periods of forest regeneration because of the discrepancy between the canopy cover and soil traits. Less nonstructural carbohydrate and a lower C/N ratio at the onset of forest regeneration may elevate the risk of root death.Keywords: soluble sugar; starch; forest regeneration; root order; C/N ratio; redundancy discriminate analysis.
Inducement human resource practices and employee entrepreneurship: a double-edged sword

Abstract Employee entrepreneurship is an important and specific type of turnover behavior that is increasingly viewed as a significant challenge for human resource (HR) management practices in many organizations due to the lack of in-depth studies of turnover destinations in the current literature. By highlighting the heterogeneity of employee entrepreneurship and employee mobility, this study develops an integrative model to examine the double-edged sword effects of inducement HR practices on employee entrepreneurship through different dimensions of job embeddedness and the moderating effects of perceived institutional environment of entrepreneurship on these relationships. The results of two time-lagged studies reveal that, different from their negative impact on employee mobility, inducement HR practices positively impact employee entrepreneurship by enhancing the links and fit of employees and negatively impact employee entrepreneurship by increasing the sacrifice made by employees. Furthermore, the findings also demonstrate that the positive impact is stronger and that the negative impact is weaker when the institutional environment is perceived as favorable for entrepreneurship. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.
Influence of foliar treatment with silicon contained in the Actisil Hydro Plus preparation on the growth, flowering and chemical composition of Gazania rigens (L.) Gaertn., Salvia farinacea Benth and Verbena hybrida Voss

Silicon is an element that significantly reduces the vulnerability of plants to biotic and abiotic stress factors, increases their resistance to pathogens and pests, strengthens tissues and cellular membranes, increases biomass and crops, improves the nutrition state of plants and increases the chlorophyll content. It also influences the formation of morphological traits of plants. The aim of our research was to determine the influence of silicon contained in the Actisil preparation on the growth and blooming of Gazania rigens, Salvia farinacea and Verbena hybrida, which are commonly cultivated in flowerbeds and on balconies. A two-factor experiment consisted of the foliar application of a solution of silicon in the following concentrations: 0 mg dm-3, 120 mg dm-3 and 240 mg dm-3. The application was performed 2, 4 and 6 times at one-week intervals. Biometric measurements were carried out at the beginning of the blooming of plants. The laboratory analyses included determinations of P, K, Mg, Ca, Si and the chlorophyll content in leaves. Beneficial influence of silicon on most of the morphological traits of the analysed species was demonstrated. Plants responded the best to two or four treatments with the silicon solution of a concentration of 120 mg dm-3, with an increase in the values of the analysed morphological traits. The application of silicon did not significantly modify the content of mineral elements in the dry weight of leaves. The application of silicon to Gazania rigens led to an increase in the content of this element in leaves as well as to an elevated chlorophyll content.
Electrical Resistivity Structure Around the Atotsugawa Fault, Central Japan, Revealed by a New 2‐D Inversion Method Combining Wideband‐MT and Network‐MT Data Sets

The Atotsugawa fault is one of the most active faults in Japan, and the strain accumulation at the fault is considered to be caused by an aseismic shear zone in the fluid‐rich lower crust. To identify the shear zone and investigate the origin of the aqueous fluid in the lower crust, we deployed a Network‐MT survey in addition to a conventional wideband‐MT survey around the fault and performed an inversion combining both the MT data sets. In the inversion, by modifying a conventional inversion algorism, we accurately represented kilometer‐scale dipoles of the Network‐MT measurement to provide constraints on the electrical resistivity structure. In the lower crust under the study area, there are localized conductive anomalies below the Atotsugawa fault, the Ushikubi fault, and the Takayama‐Oppara fault zone. Comparing our electrical resistivity structure with the seismic velocity structure, we interpreted that the lower‐crustal conductors are localized ductile shear zones with highly connected fluid. We considered that the localized ductile shear zones are responsible for the strain accumulation along the respective active faults. In addition, in the mantle wedge above the subducting Philippine Sea slab and its downward extension, a highly conductive portion is detected, which may be attributed to the fluid dehydrated from the Philippine Sea slab and/or the Pacific slab. The existence of the large conductive area supports the suggestion of previous seismic and geochemical studies that the fluid of the lower crust around the Atotsugawa fault originated from subducting slabs.
Assessing the language skills of primary school students with and without learning disabilities in the context of narration

This study aims to examine the language skills of Turkish-speaking primary school students who have learning disabilities (LD) and of their peers with typical development (TD) in comparison, by assessing these skills in the context of narration. For this, a comparative descriptive research model was used in the study. The study participants consisted of a total of 70 primary school students: 35 with LD and 35 with TD. To collect the data, two picture books of similar complexity and a story about one of these books were used. The participants were asked to tell the stories in the contexts of narrative tell and narrative retell. The stories told were analysed and scored according to the language features. The findings have shown that the students with LD exhibited lower language performance than their peers with TD in both narrative tell and narrative retell contexts, and both groups’ performances in the language elements were higher in the context of narrative retell. The findings have been discussed in line with the relevant literature, and suggestions for further research and practice have been presented.
From lasik to smile: Time to change laser refractive surgery

Purpose: To illustrate the advantages and limitations of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) over Laser Assisted Intrastromal Keratomileusis (LASIK) in the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism. Materials and methods: The two procedures are analysed and compared for the technical aspects. While LASIK directly depends on the laser e ﬃ cacy to get the refractive change, SMILE only depends on the computer ability to design the refractive lenticule. The loss in precision taking place in the peripheral cornea with LASIK is not possible with SMILE. Tissue consumption and postoperative dry eye are also lower with SMILE. Procedure abortion has less consequences with SMILE. From a clinical point of view, refractive and visual results with SMILE are similar as those of Wavefront Optimized and Wavefront Guided LASIK, but re-operations are easier after LASIK than after SMILE. Conclusion: When indicated, SMILE is better than LASIK from a technical and procedural standpoint and is equal to Wavefront Lasik as for the obtained results. LASIK is still more versatile and it is better for re-operations.
Impact of cognitive aspects of food mobile application on customers’ behaviour

ABSTRACT After COVID-19, mobile application is getting attention because it can make up for losses from limited food service operations. Although several researchers have started to understand the food delivery industry, extant studies fail to empirically address the question of who customers respond to positively in food delivery application. Customers’ experience on forming patronized behaviour, the important emerging area of tourism industry is examined in this study. Customers’ perceived enjoyment and social presence are hypothesized to affect attitude, which patronized behaviour to delivery brand. In line with positive psychology and social facilitation theory, the impact of customers’ perceived cognitive enjoyment and social presence on favourable attitude is found using data collected from an online survey. Moreover, the causality between attitude and brand loyalty is discovered. Lastly, the mediating role of attitude in the relationship between food delivery application experience and loyalty is supported. Finally, how food delivery application influences their behaviour is enlightened and useful practical implications for service providers are provided in this study.
Effects of Surgical Skills of Veterinary Medicine Students on Postoperative Stress, Oxidative Stress and Pain in Bitches Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy

SSunulan calismada, veteriner hekimligi egitiminin son sinifinda olan ogrencilerin, toplam operasyon suresi ve deri ensizyonu uzunlugu ile iliskili olan cerrahi becerilerinin operasyon sonrasi stres, oksidatif stres ve agri uzerine etkilerinin ayni anestezi ve cerrahi prosedurler altinda ortaya konulmasi amaclandi. Tecrubeli bir hekimin opere ettigi kopekler kontrol grubunu (n=12) olustururken, veteriner fakultesi son sinifta egitim goren ogrenciler tarafindan opere edilen kopekler (n=12) deneme grubunu olusturdu. Operasyondan 24 saat once, premedikasyon sirasinda, operasyon sonunda ve operasyondan 30 dakika, 1, 2, 4 ve 6 saat sonra kan ornekleri toplanarak kortizol, toplam oksidant durum (TOD), toplam antioksidant durum (TAD) olculdu ve oksidatif stress indeksi (OSI) hesaplandi. Modifiye edilmis Melbourne Agri Skalasi agri degerlendirilmesi icin kullanildi. Deneme grubundaki kopeklerde, toplam operasyon suresi ve deri ensizyon uzunlugunun kontrol grubundaki kopeklerden istatistiksel olarak (p<0.001) daha yuksek oldugu gozlendi. Deneme grubunda olculen kortizol duzeylerinin kontrol grubuna gore istatistiksel olarak yuksek (p<0.001) oldugu, ancak operasyondan 24 saat onceki degerlerde farklilik olmadigi belirlendi. TOD ve TAD duzeylerinin gruplar icinde ve arasinda onemli farklilik olusturmadigi izlendi. Benzer sekilde, OSI degerleri de gruplar icinde farklilik olusturmadi. Bununla birlikte, deneme grubunda premedikasyon sirasindaki OSI degerlerinin kontrol grubuna gore istatistiksel olarak yuksek (p<0.05) oldugu gozlendi. Agri skorlari ise gruplar icinde ve arasinda farklilik olusturmadi. Sonuc olarak, operasyon suresi ve deri ensizyonu uzunlugu ile iliskili olarak kortizol duzeylerinin artis egiliminde oldugu belirlendi. Diger taraftan, veteriner hekimligi son sinif ogrencilerinin de operasyon sonrasi agriya neden olmadan guvenli bir sekilde kisirlastirma operasyonlari gerceklestirebilecegi dusunulmektedir.
Settler masculinity and labour: the post-pioneer era gender order and New Zealand’s Great Strike of 1913

ABSTRACT In the two and half decades before World War One, a new settler gender order began to emerge. In one aspect of that shift, the man-alone masculine ideal of the pioneer era, though still culturally powerful, no longer represented the practices that characterized this evolving settler society. New competing masculinities highly correlated with the changing landscape of agricultural and industrial labour came to define key nodes in this new gender order. Those masculinities played a powerful role in reshaping the culture and political economy of Aotearoa/New Zealand and other settler societies. This article looks at New Zealand’s Great Strike of 1913 – one of the numerous labour actions by industrial workers in settler societies around the globe in this period – to analyse the competing ideas of settler masculinity embodied by Pākehā farmers, industrial workers, and urban and rural elites. Focusing on the ideology and practices of the different expressions of hegemonic masculinity witnessed during and before the 1913 strike sheds light on some of the more intricate relations of power in the settler gender order. It also illuminates some of the hidden nuances of settler colonial logic imbedded in the gendered concepts of individualism, independence, work, and militarism.
Potential Beneficial Effects of Vitamin K in SARS-CoV-2 Induced Vascular Disease?

Prevalent coagulopathy and thromboembolism are observed in severe COVID-19 patients with 40% of COVID-19 mortality being associated with cardiovascular complications. Abnormal coagulation parameters are related to poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Victims also displayed presence of extensive thrombosis in infected lungs. Vitamin K is well-known to play an essential role in the coagulation system. Latest study revealed an existing correlation between vitamin K deficiency and COVID-19 severity, highlighting a role of vitamin K, probably via coagulation modulation. In agreement, other recent studies also indicated that anti-coagulant treatments can reduce mortality in severe cases. Altogether, potential mechanisms linking COVID-19 with coagulopathy in which vitamin K may exert its modulating role in coagulation related with disease pathogenesis are established. In this review, we discuss the recent evidence supporting COVID-19 as a vascular disease and explore the potential benefits of using vitamin K against COVID-19 to improve disease outcomes.
Objective criteria of the axial and refractive components in the modified classification for distinguishing among axial, refractive, mixed and combinatory myopias proposed based on the analysis of morphometric parameters of myopic and emmetropic eyes

E-mail: doc.malieva@gmail.com Background: Myopia is heterogeneous with regard to its origin and varies in its course and prognosis of sequelae. The lack of criteria does not allow in practice to distinguish among different types of the disease. Purpose: First, to study morphometric parameters characterizing the axial and refractive components (the axial length (AL) and corneal refractive power (CRP)) in myopes and emmetropes, and; second, to develop the criteria for selecting the ranges for axial, refractive, mixed and combinatory myopias based on the statistical analysis of AL and CRP. Material and Methods: Two hundred and sixty four patients (502 eyes) with various severities of myopia (mean myopic refractive error, –2.74 ± 2.41 D) and 78 emmetropes (145 eyes) were included in the study. Patients underwent visual acuity assessment for distance; autokeratorefractometry; measurement of horizontal pupil diameter and horizontal corneal diameter; ultrasonography of the posterior and anterior segments of the eye for AL, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness measurements and pachymetry; and uncorrected intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP corrected for pachymetry measurements. Results: The objective limits for different types of myopia were calculated based on the axial component (AL, 24.3 mm) and refractive component (CRP, 43.86 D). The newly developed objective criteria allow for establishing the type of myopia corresponding to axial and refractive components on the basis of corneal refractive power and axial length of the eye. The proposed modified classification of the types of myopia takes in account the axial and refractive components and allows for distinguishing practically among refractive myopia (AL ≤ 24.3 mm and CRP > 43.86 D), axial myopia (AL > 24.3 mm and CRP ≤ 43.86 D), mixed myopia (AL > 24.3 mm and CRP > 43.86 D), and combinatory myopia (AL ≤ 24.3 mm and CRP ≤ 43.86 D, similar to emmetropes).
High Levels of Shading as A Sustainable Application for Mitigating Drought, in Modern Apple Production

The sustainability of reducing light in apple orchards under well-watered (ww) and water stress (ws) conditions was evaluated for water relations, plant gas exchanges, fruit growth, yield determinants, and fruit quality over three years. A black (B) 28% shading net was compared with two different 50% shading nets: red (R) and white (W). Each net was combined with two irrigation regimes (ww and ws) based on plant water status. Under ww and ws conditions, increasing shade from 28% to 50% was not detrimental for plant gas exchanges, yield, or quality over three years. Higher shade improved plant water status regardless of irrigation regime. Higher shading could be considered sustainable in apple orchards over several seasons. Fruit quality was more sensitive to plant water status than to light reduction. ws increased fruit soluble solid content and relative dry matter, regardless of shading, and this was positively reflected in consumer’s preference. When water availability is limited, increasing shading to 50% can help save water and maintain high-quality yields associated with water stress. Given the likely reductions of water availability in agriculture, growers and consultants may consider shading apple orchards as a sustainable and safe horticultural technique to save water.