Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Playfulness as a virtuous disposition: its affinity with dramatic play and aretaic practice

ABSTRACT This study investigates the nature of playfulness as a personal virtuous disposition influential to the practice and growth of virtues. It is conducted within the playful space of dramatic play, in the context of the drama course of a teacher preparation programme. It combines two qualitative approaches, a single case study and a narrative inquiry. A small group of student primary teachers participated in the data collection process that rested both on direct and indirect narrative text-based methods: reflective diaries, the teacher’s journal, a semi-structured interview and photographs of the course’s workshops. The findings overall demonstrate that a nexus of internal and external conditions of the participants’ embodiment of dramatic play in synergy with their flow experiences encouraged the constitution of their playfulness as a virtuous disposition. In this aretaic space of their playfulness, they grew three virtues: parrhesia, friendship and self-knowledge.
Lectures on 4d N=1 dynamics and related topics

This lecture series consists of mostly independent three parts: Part 1: a tour of basic 4d N=1 supersymmetric dynamics, covering the pure super Yang-Mills, the Seiberg duality for classical groups, the supersymmetric index on S^3, and the a-maximization. Part 2: a brief look at 2d N=(2,2) and N=(0,2) dynamics, covering the Landau-Ginzburg and Calabi-Yau models, the elliptic genera on T^2, and the triality of Gadde-Gukov-Putrov. Appendix: a review of basic properties of supersymmetries in various dimensions. Part of the content is based on an unpublished collaboration with F. Yagi and another with K. Kikuchi.
Patterns, forces, and metastable pathways in debonding of elastic films

This Letter resolves several intriguing and fundamental aspects of debonding at soft interfaces, including the formation and persistence of regularly arranged nanocavities and bridges, "adhesion-debonding hysteresis," and vastly lower adhesive strengths compared to the absence of pattern formation. The analysis shows the hysteresis to be caused by an energy barrier that separates the metastable patterned configuration during withdrawal, and the debonded state. The metastable morphological pathways involving cavitation and peeling of contact zones engender substantially lower debonding forces.
Attentional Engagement and Disengagement Differences for Circumscribed Interest Objects in Young Chinese Children with Autism

The current study aimed to investigate attentional processing differences for circumscribed interest (CI) and non-CI objects in young Chinese children with autism spectrum condition (ASC) and typically developing (TD) controls. In Experiment 1, a visual preference task explored attentional allocation to cartoon CI and non-CI materials between the two groups. We found that ASC children (n = 22, 4.95 ± 0.59 years) exhibited a preference for CI-related objects compared to non-CI objects, and this effect was absent in the TD children (n = 22, 5.14 ± 0.44 years). Experiment 2 utilized the traditional gap-overlap paradigm (GOP) to investigate attentional disengagement from CI or non-CI items in both groups (ASC: n = 20, 5.92 ± 1.13 years; TD: n = 25, 5.77 ± 0.77 years). There were no group or stimulus interactions in this study. Experiment 3 adopted a modified GOP (MGOP) to further explore disengagement in the two groups (ASC: n = 20, 5.54 ± 0.95 years; TD: n = 24, 5.75 ± 0.52 years), and the results suggested that exogenous disengagement performance was preserved in the ASC group, but the children with ASC exhibited increased endogenous attentional disengagement compared to TD peers. Moreover, endogenous disengagement was influenced further in the presence of CI-related objects in the ASC children. The current results have implications for understanding how the nature of engagement and disengagement processes can contribute to differences in the development of core cognitive skills in young children with ASC.
Proton Acceleration in Colliding Stellar Wind Binaries

The interaction between the strong winds in stellar colliding-wind binary (CWB) systems produces two shock fronts, delimiting the wind-collision region (WCR). There, particles are expected to be accelerated mainly via diffusive shock acceleration. We investigate the injection and acceleration of protons in typical CWB systems by means of Monte Carlo simulations, with both a test-particle approach and a nonlinear method modeling a shock locally modified by the backreaction of the accelerated protons. We use magnetohydrodynamic simulations to determine the background plasma in the WCR and its vicinity. This allows us to consider particle acceleration at both shocks, on either side of the WCR, with a realistic large-scale magnetic field. We highlight the possible effects of particle acceleration on the local shock profiles at the WCR. We include the effect of magnetic field amplification, due to resonant-streaming instability, and compare results without and with the backreaction of the accelerated protons. In the latter case, we find a lower flux of the nonthermal proton population and a considerable magnetic field amplification. This would significantly increase the synchrotron losses of relativistic electrons accelerated in CWB systems, lowering the maximal energy they can reach and strongly reducing the inverse Compton fluxes. As a result, γ-rays from CWBs would be predominantly due to the decay of neutral pions produced in nucleon–nucleon collisions. This might provide a way to explain why, in the vast majority of cases, CWB systems have not been identified as γ-ray sources, although they emit synchrotron radiation.
Environmental dependence of ellipticity correlation functions of intrinsic alignments

In this work we investigate the environmental dependence of the intrinsic ellipticity correlations in cosmic shear surveys. We use the quadratic and linear alignment model to describe the contributions by spiral and elliptical galaxies, respectively. The density field is in both cases described by a Gaussian random field and ellipticity correlation functions that are conditional on the environment of the galaxies are constructed by sampling random values for the tidal tensor and inertial tensor. The covariance of the Gaussian random process from which the tensor entries are drawn is decomposed by means of a spherical Fourier-Bessel transformation of the density field. The dependence on environment is modelled by the number of positive eigenvalues of the tidal tensor, which allows a differentiation between voids, sheets, filaments and superclusters. We find that elliptical galaxies align strongest in elongated structures such as sheets and filaments with an amplitude almost an order of magnitude higher compared to the alignment in clusters or voids. In contrast to this, spiral galaxies align equally strong in all environments. Cross-alignments between different environments are smaller than the respective auto-correlations subject to the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality which is an effective bound on their amplitude. Furthermore, we find misalignment between inertial and tidal tensor to be stronger in anisotropic regions compared to clusters or voids. While the imprint of weak lensing on galaxy ellipticities is agnostic about the environment, using environment information can help to distinguish between lensing and the intrinsic alignment signal.
High resolution simulation of tropical storm Ivan (2004) in the Southern Appalachians: role of planetary boundary‐layer schemes and cumulus parametrization

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used to simulate the evolution of tropical storm Ivan (2004) in the southeast United States using both the Yonsei University (YSU) and Mellor–Yamada–Janjić (MYJ) boundary‐layer parametrizations. In contrast to tropical cyclone (TC) simulations over the ocean, the effect of the surface layer becomes secondary for a dissipating hurricane along its terrestrial track. Although these two schemes can reproduce Ivan reasonably well, our results suggest that the mixing properties for damped mechanical turbulent conditions (weakly stable) are strongly underestimated by both parametrizations. This underestimation impacts the thermodynamic properties of the storm, leading to significant differences in the storm areal extent and the simulated precipitation fields. Suggestions for further improvements are provided.
Strong interaction between graphene layer and Fano resonance in terahertz metamaterials

Graphene has emerged as a promising building block in modern optics and optoelectronics due to its novel optical and electrical properties. In the mid-infrared and terahertz (THz) regime, graphene behaves like metals and supports surface plasmon resonances (SPRs). Moreover, the continuously tunable conductivity of graphene enables active SPRs and gives rise to a range of active applications. However, the interaction between graphene and metal-based resonant metamaterials has not been fully understood. In this work, a simulation investigation on the interaction between the graphene layer and THz resonances supported by the two-gap split ring metamaterials is systematically conducted. The simulation results show that the graphene layer can substantially reduce the Fano resonance and even switch it off, while leaving the dipole resonance nearly unaffected, which is well explained with the high conductivity of graphene. With the manipulation of graphene conductivity via altering its Fermi energy or layer number, the amplitude of the Fano resonance can be modulated. The tunable Fano resonance here together with the underlying physical mechanism can be strategically important in designing active metal-graphene hybrid metamaterials. In addition, the ‘sensitivity’ to the graphene layer of the Fano resonance is also highly appreciated in the field of ultrasensitive sensing, where the novel physical mechanism can be employed in sensing other graphene-like two-dimensional materials or biomolecules with the high conductivity.
The Role of Dietary Patterns and Dietary Quality on Body Composition of Adolescents in Chinese College

There is limited evidence regarding the effects of dietary pattern and dietary quality on the risk of unhealthy weight status and related body composition in Chinese adolescence. In particular, studies using bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) in these subjects are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of diet in body composition, to find a healthy dietary pattern for Chinese youth, and to promote the application of BIA among this population. A total of 498 participants aged from 18 to 22 years old were included. Dietary patterns were identified by principal components analysis. Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (DII) and diet balance index (DBI) were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the relationship of dietary patterns, dietary quality with body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and the effect of dietary factors on BMI levels. The majority of participants with overweight and obesity had abdominal obesity, and there was 3.7% abdominal obesity in normal BMI individuals. Four dietary patterns were detected in the subjects. The pattern with the higher energy intake, which was close to the Western diet, was positively correlated with BMI (β = 0.326, p = 0.018) and FMI (β = 0.201, p = 0.043), while being negatively correlated with FFMI (β = −0.183, p = 0.021). Individuals who followed the pattern similar to the Mediterranean diet had a higher basal metabolic rate (BMR), and the highest fat free mass, soft lean mass, and skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.05) but the lowest FMI, visceral fat area (VFA), waist–hip ratio, and FMI/FFMI ratio (p < 0.05). Higher energy-adjusted DII was associated with high BMI. Higher bound score (HBS) (β = −0.018, p = 0.010) and diet quality distance (DQD) (β = −0.012, p = 0.015) were both negatively correlated with FFMI. In conclusion, fat or muscle indexes, such as BMR, FMI, and FFMI, had an important role in predicting overweight and obesity, which suggested the importance of applying BIA among Chinese college students. Students who followed healthful dietary patterns or the high-quality diet that is similar to the Mediterranean diet but not close to the Western diet were more likely to have a healthy BMI and normal body composition.
Antioxidant, Enzyme, and H2O2-Triggered Melanoma Targeted Mesoporous Organo-Silica Nanocomposites for Synergistic Cancer Therapy

The multi-stimuli responsive drug delivery system has recently attracted attention in cancer treatments, since it can reduce several side effects and enhance cancer therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we present the intracellular antioxidant (glutathione, GSH), enzyme (hyaluronidase, HAase), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggered mesoporous organo-silica (MOS) nanocomposites for multi-modal treatments via chemo-, photothermal, and photodynamic cancer therapies. A MOS nanoparticle was synthesized by two-types of precursors, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] tetrasulfide (BTES), providing large-sized mesopores and disulfide bonds cleavable by GSH. Additionally, we introduced a new β-cyclodextrin-hyaluronic acid (CDHA) gatekeeper system, enabling nanocomposites to form the specific interaction with the ferrocene (Fc) molecule, control the drug release by the HAase and H2O2 environment, as well as provide the targeting ability against the CD44-overexpressing melanoma (B16F10) cells. Indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (Dox) were loaded in the MOS-Fc-CDHA (ID@MOS-Fc-CDHA) nanocomposites, allowing for hyperthermia and cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) under an 808 nm NIR laser irradiation. Therefore, we demonstrated that the ID@MOS-Fc-CDHA nanocomposites were internalized to the B16F10 cells via the CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis, showing the controlled drug release by GSH, HAase, and H2O2 to enhance the cancer therapeutic efficacy via the synergistic chemo-, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy effect.
A highly-collimated SiO jet in the HH212 protostellar outflow

Context: In young stars, jets are believed to play a role in removing angular momentum from the circumstellar disk, allowing accretion onto the central star. Recent results suggest that in earlier phases of star formation, SiO might trace the primary jet launched close to the protostar, but further observations are required in order to reveal the properties of this molecular component. Aims: We wish to exploit the combination of high angular and spectral resolution provided by millimetre interferometry to investigate the collimation and kinematics of molecular protostellar jets, and their angular momentum content. Methods: We mapped the inner 40 arcsec of the HH212 Class 0 outflow in SiO(2-1), SiO(5-4) and continuum using the Plateau de Bure interferometer in its extended configurations. The unprecedented angular resolution (down to 0.34 arcsec) allows accurate comparison with a new, deep H2 image obtained at the VLT. Results: The SiO emission is confined to a highly-collimated bipolar jet (width ~0.35 arcsec close to the protostar) along the outflow axis. The jet can be traced down to within 500 AU of the protostar, in a region that is heavily obscured in H2 images. Where both species are detected, SiO shows the same overall kinematics and structure as H2, indicating that both molecules are tracing the same material. Transverse cuts reveal no velocity gradient compatible with jet rotation above 1 km s-1, in contrast to previous claims based on H2 spectra. The central continuum peak is unresolved and close to optically thick, suggesting an edge-on disk with diameter ≤117 AU. Conclusions: . SiO proves to be a powerful tracer of molecular jets in Class 0 sources, in particular of their obscured innermost regions. The very small blue/red overlap in the SiO outflow lobes, despite the nearly edge-on view to HH212, further implies that the high-velocity SiO gas is not tracing a wide-angle wind but is already confined to a flow inside a narrow cone of half-opening angle <6° at ≤500 AU from the protostar. The broad SiO line widths and the transverse velocity gradients both appear significantly affected by internal bowshocks, and should thus be interpreted with caution.
Optical spectroscopy of star-forming regions in dwarf Wolf–Rayet galaxies

We present here spatially-resolved optical spectroscopic observations of four nearby dwarf Wolf-Rayet (WR) galaxies. The ages of the most recent starburst events in these galaxies are found between 3 and 10 Myr. The gas-phase metallicities [12+log(O/H)] for the spatially-resolved star-forming regions are derived using several indicators. The star-forming regions within the galaxies are found chemically homogeneous within the uncertainties in the estimates. Nitrogen-enrichment as expected in the WR regions is not detected. This implies that metal-enrichment due to supernovae explosions in the most recent star-forming episode is not being detected here. It is suggested that the newly synthesized metals still reside in hot gas-phase. The metals from the previous episodes, cooled by now and well mixed across the whole extent of galaxies, are making galaxies chemically homogeneous with normal N/O ratio. These galaxies are residing in dense environments with galaxy density in the range of $8-80$ Mpc$^{-3}$.
Source Ellipticity and the Statistics of Lensed Arcs

The statistics of gravitationally lensed arcs, which can be used for a variety of cosmological tests, are sensitive to the intrinsic shapes of the source galaxies. I present an analytic formalism that makes it simple to include elliptical sources in analytic calculations of lens statistics. For cuspy lens models, sources with an axis ratio of 2:1 enhance the total number of arcs longer than 10:1 by a factor of order 2, while modestly decreasing the number ratio of radial arcs to tangential arcs. Source ellipticity is therefore an important systematic effect in detailed quantitative studies, but it should not hinder cosmological applications such as attempts to constrain cluster dark matter profiles with arc statistics.
The Riddle of Cetuximab-Related Skin Toxicity: 1H-NMR Sebum Analysis Revealed Dynamic Lipid Alterations Associated with Skin Toxicity Development in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients

Simple Summary The etiology of the skin toxicity that is a common side effect of cetuximab is still under debate. In this study, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis of the sebum of 30 metastatic colorectal cancer patients, collected at different time points during cetuximab administration, was performed. Both sebum production and composition were found to be affected by cetuximab treatment. These specific sebum lipid alterations could help to better understand the development of cetuximab-induced skin toxicity and could be useful for improving skin lesion prevention and treatments. Abstract The epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRIs) treatments are commonly associated with the development of adverse skin effects. This study aims to investigate the lipid composition change in sebum during cetuximab-based treatment in an attempt to identify specific metabolic signatures useful in predicting the occurrence of severe skin toxicity. Sebum from 30 metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients was collected at three time points during the targeted therapy by the application of Sebutape® on the forehead, and the major lipid classes were analyzed and quantified by 1H-NMR. Univariate analysis was performed to reveal significant alterations among patients in sebum production as well as lipid composition and over the course of cetuximab therapy. A transient but significant decrease in sebum production associated with a reduction in the relative content of triglycerides (TG) and squalene (SQ) was found to be induced by cetuximab administration. The reduction of these two lipid classes was also found to be associated with the severity of skin rash experienced by patients. The results of this study indicate that cetuximab-based treatment can reduce sebum gland activity, leading to an overall decrease in sebum production and the induction of specific modifications to its composition. The extent of the loss of skin barrier function may be important for determining the severity of skin toxicity development.
Pulsar glitches in a strangeon star model

Pulsar-like compact stars provide us a unique laboratory to explore properties of dense matter at supra-nuclear densities. One of the models for pulsar-like stars is that they are totally composed of "strangeons", and in this paper, we studied the pulsar glitches in a strangeon star model. Strangeon stars would be solidified during cooling, and the solid stars would be natural to have glitches as the result of starquakes. Based on the starquake model established before, we proposed that when the starquake occurs, the inner motion of the star which changes the moment of inertia and has impact on the glitch sizes, is divided into plastic flow and elastic motion. The plastic flow which is induced in the fractured part of the outer layer, would move tangentially to redistribute the matter of the star and would be hard to recover. The elastic motion, on the other hand, changes its shape and would recover significantly. Under this scenario, we could understand the behaviors of glitches without significant energy releasing, including the Crab and the Vela pulsars, in an uniform model. We derive the recovery coefficient as a function of glitch size, as well as the time interval between two successive glitches as the function of the released stress. Our results show consistency with observational data under reasonable ranges of parameters. The implications on the oblateness of the Crab and the Vela pulsars are discussed.
Phase transition and critical behavior of the d=3 Gross-Neveu model

A second-order phase transition for the three-dimensional Gross-Neveu model is established for one fermion species, N=1. This transition breaks a paritylike discrete symmetry. It constitutes its peculiar universality class with critical exponent v=0.63 and scalar and fermionic anomalous dimensions η s =0.31 and η ] =0.11, respectively. We also compute critical exponents for other N. Our results are based on exact renormalization-group equations.
Differences in Demographics of Vaccinees, Access to, and Satisfaction with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Procedures between German General Practices and Mass Vaccination Centers

In the European Union, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines became available in December 2020. The vaccination campaign in Germany was initially implemented through mass vaccination centers and later joined by general practitioners (GPs) in spring 2021. This study compared population characteristics, perceived access barriers, and satisfaction with the vaccination procedure between vaccination centers and GP practices. A paper-based survey was distributed (07/2021–10/2021) among newly vaccinated individuals in ten GP practices (n = 364) and two vaccine centers (n = 474). Participants in vaccine centers were younger compared to participants in GP practices. GP preference was higher in older participants and those with pre-existing illnesses. Wait time at vaccination site was longer in GP practices, whereas travel distance to site was longer for participants in vaccine centers. However, satisfaction with patient education and recommendation of site were more likely with increasing comprehensibility of the vaccination procedure and physicians’ information as well as perceived sufficiency of patient education duration, factors that can be easily modified by all vaccination sites. Our results demonstrate that both types of vaccination sites complement each other in terms of accessibility and target population and that satisfaction with the vaccination procedure can be promoted at all sites by an easy-to-understand process.