Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guava (Psidium guajava L) improvement using in vivo and in vitro induced mutagenesis

In-vitro mutagenesis followed by micropropagation via axillary bud proliferation in shoot tips of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivar Safeda was carried out. Shoot tips were irradiated with 15 to 90Gy gamma rays radiations using {sup 60}Co gamma cell source and cultured on MS medium containing 3.0% sucrose, BAP and glutamine. Shoots proliferation was observed 7 weeks after culture initiation. Higher shoot proliferation rates were recorded on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgL{sup -1} BAP and 250 mgL{sup -1} glutamine. Rooting was observed on half-strength MS medium supplemented with IAA and IBA. Radio sensitivity test was assessed by determining the percentage of shoot tips survival and shoot proliferation rates. The LD50 (The dose at which 50% of the population killed) was observed on 45 Gy. The doses above 75 Gy were found to be lethal to all explants. Similarly, seeds and bud woods of guava Cv. Safeda were exposed to gamma rays at 0.05 to 0.3 kGy and 20 to 100 Gy respectively using {sup 60}Co gamma source. The LD50 for seeds was determined at 0.19 kGy, and 0.3 kGy was found to be lethal. Seeds irradiated with low doses germinated earlier as compared to those which received higher doses of irradiation. The LD50 for surviving bud woods grafted on the rootstocks in the nursery was determined at 60 Gy. There was constant and continuous reduction in the survival rates of buds as the doses increased. The bud woods of guava Cv. Safeda were more radiosensitive than seeds of the same cultivar. The most favourable doses were established between 0.15 and 0.2 KGy and led to mutations such as: highest number of fruits (40), highest fruit size (59mm) and highest fruit weight of (128.38g). The highest number of seeds (300) and 100 seed-weight (2.29g) were recorded at 0.05KGy while the lowest number of seeds (167) and the lowest 100 seed-weight of 1.56g was observed in the 0.30KGy treatments. (author)
Linkage studies in Pinus sylvestris L.--using macro gametophyte allozymes.

Linkage studies between 12 allozyme (allelic isozyme) loci from macrogametophytes of Pinus sylvestris are reported. Seeds for isozyrne analyses were collected mainly from single trees in one seed tree stand in northern Sweden, but trees from other parts of Sweden were also included. The following enzyme systems and numbers of loci are represented: Acid phosphatases (PHOS) twu loci, alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) two loci, esterases (EST) one locus, glutamate oxalate transaminases (GOT) three loci, leucine aminopeptidases (LAP) two loci and malate dehydrogenases (MDH) two loci. Four of these ADH-MA and -MB LAP-B GOT-B are associated in a well established linkage group I. Three single trees show linkage between ADH-MB in group I and GOT-A, LAP-A and MDH-MB. Possible linkage may also exist between MDH-MB PHOS-MA GOT-MC. This linkage group is indicated by data from five trees. Estimations of map distances have been made according to KOSAMBI (1944) and JENSEN and HELMS J~RCENSEN (1975). Map distances between ADH-MA and -MB were found to be Zero but the distance between these and LAP-B were estimated to be 32.8 13.1 CM (centi Morgan) and between LAP-B GOT-B 15.5 I 1.4 CM. A positive interference within group I was found in two triple heterozygotes.
Efeito tipo-anticompulsivo agudo da Ketamina: envolvimento do córtex orbitofrontal e dos receptores AMPA

Previous clinical and pre-clinical studies suggest the involvement of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and glutamatergic neurotransmission in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA glutamatergic receptor antagonist, has shown a rapid and long lasting antidepressant effect. The antidepressant effect of ketamine seems to be mediated not only by directly blockade of NMDA receptors, but also by activation of AMPA glutamatergic receptors, increase in extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels linked to activation of 5-HT1A receptors, and reduction of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis associated to inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Ketamine also seems to have rapid anti-obsessive and anti-compulsive effects in clinical and pre-clinical studies. However, there are not studies published so far investigating the mechanisms responsible for this effect of ketamine. Thus, we assessed whether the anticompulsive-like effect of S-ketamine in mice exposed to the marble-burying test (MBT) involves the OFC and depends on activation of AMPA receptors, facilitation of serotonergic neurotransmission and inhibition of nitrergic pathway. Results showed that systemic (10 mg/kg) and intra-OFC (10 nmol/0.1 μl/side) administration of Sketamine reduces marble burying behavior without affecting spontaneous locomotor activity, suggesting an acute anti-compulsive-like effect. In addition, pre-treatment with NBQX (3 mg/kg; AMPA receptor antagonist) blocked the anti-compulsive-like effect of S-ketamine. However, pre-treatment with p-CPA (150 mg/kg/day; 5-HT synthesis inhibitor), WAY100635 (3 mg/kg; 5-HT1A receptor antagonist), or L-arginine (500 mg/kg; nitric oxide precursor) did not counteract S-ketamine effect in the MBT. Moreover, associating sub-effective doses of L-NAME (10 mg/kg; NOS inhibitor) and S-ketamine (3 mg/kg), which did not induce any per se effect, promoted an anticompulsive-like effect. In conclusion, the anti-compulsive-like effect of S-ketamine appears to be a result of its action on OFC, depends on activation of AMPA receptors and also seems to involve the nitrergic pathway.
Isotherm and kinetic studies for heptachlor removal from aqueous solution using Fe/Cu nanoparticles, artificial intelligence, and regression analysis

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the removal efficiency of heptachlor from aqueous solutions using bimetallic iron/copper (Fe/Cu) nanoparticles. The highest removal efficiency of 99.3% for heptachlor compounds was achieved at pH 7.0, bimetallic Fe/Cu dosage 0.33 g/L, initial heptachlor concentration 2 µg/L, contact time 30 min, and stirring rate 250 rpm. The adsorption data of heptachlor fitted well to Koble–Corrigan isotherm and Avrami kinetic model. Artificial neural network r2: 0.9567) was more precise than the response surface methodology (r2: 0.774) in simulating the adsorption of heptachlor onto the bimetallic Fe/Cu nanoparticles. This study indicated that bimetallic Fe/Cu could be employed as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of heptachlor compound.
Conduct disorder: a critical analysis of the literature and implications for adult manifestation

The purpose of the current study was to identify the most central risk factors associated with conduct disorder (CD), to delineate three possible developmental pathways of CD that may have predictive validity for adult manifestation of conduct problems, to identify prevention and intervention strategies, to make recommendations for future research directions, and discuss clinical implications of the developmental trajectories of CD. Extant literature was collected and thoroughly analyzed in order to identify risk factors and developmental trajectories of CD, as well as treatment recommendations. The three developmental pathways of CD include: adolescent-onset, childhood-onset with emotional and behavioral regulation problems, and childhood-onset with callous-unemotional traits. Risk factors, outcomes, and interventions of each of the three developmental pathways to CD are discussed. Limitations of the developmental pathways to CD are the inability to generalize these results to females with CD as most of the research analyzed contained samples that were entirely or largely male. Future directions of research include examining CD within the developmental pathway orientation, continuing to identify which risk factors are specific to pathways, and developing interventions that are tailored to pathway-specific symptoms.
Multivalent Interactions of Nano-spaced Dimers of N-acetylneuraminic Acid Analogues Complex with H5N1 Influenza Viral Neuraminidase and Haemagglutinin - A Molecular Dynamics Investigation

Multivalent interaction is one of the characteristic features exhibited in the binding of influenza virus to its host cell (1,2). Multivalent interaction plays a crucial role in carbohydrate recognition such as binding of multiple copies of carbohydrates or International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 01 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Mesospheric semidiurnal tides and near-12-hour waves through jointly analyzing five longitudinally-distributed specular meteor radars at boreal midlatitudes

Abstract. In the last decades, mesospheric tides have been intensively investigated with observations from both ground-based radars and satellites. Single-site radar observations provide continuous measurements at fixed locations without horizontal information whereas single spacecraft missions provide typically global coverage however with limited temporal coverage at a given location. In this work, combining eight years (2009–2016) of mesospheric winds collected by five specular meteor radars from three different longitudinal sectors at boreal midlatitudes (49 ± 8.5 °N), we develop an approach to investigate the most intense global-scale oscillation, namely, at the period T = 12 &plusmn 0.5 hr. Resolved are six waves: the semidiurnal westward-traveling tidal modes with zonal wavenumber 1, 2, and 3 (SW1, SW2, SW3), the lunar semidiurnal tide M2, and the upper and lower sidebands (USB and LSB) of the 16-day wave nonlinear modulation on SW2. The temporal variations of the waves are studied statistically with a special focus on their responses to sudden stratospheric warming events (SSWs), and on their climatological seasonal variations. In response to SSWs, USB, LSB, and M2 enhance, while SW2 decreases. However, SW1 and SW3 do not respond noticeably to SSWs, contrary to the broadly-reported enhancements in the literature. The USB, LSB, and SW2 responses could be explained in terms of energy exchange through the nonlinear modulation, while LSB and USB might previously have been misinterpreted as SW1 and SW3, respectively. Besides, we find that LSB and M2 enhancements depend on the SSW classification with respect to the associated split or displacement of the polar vortex. In the case of seasonal variations, our results are qualitatively consistent with previous studies, and show a moderate correlation with an empirical tidal model derived from satellite observations.
Phosphorus bioavailability in soil profiles of a long-term fertilizer experiment: The evaluation of their bioaccessibility

Global agricultural productivity depends on the use of finite phosphorus (P) resources of which not only the topsoil, but also subsoil, can hold immense reserves. To assess potential soil contribution to plant nutrition, we compared the P status of Stagnic Cambisol profiles in experimental plots that received different P fertilizer applications (control, triple superphosphate (TSP), compost, compost+TSP) for 16 years. Sequential fractionation was combined with P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to identify the chemical P speciation. Fertilized topsoils (21 to 69 kg P ha-1 a-1) showed P reserves larger by a factor of 1.2 to 1.4, and subsoil P reserves larger by a factor of 1.3 to 1.5 than those of the control. P-XANES revealed the predominance of inorganic P species such as moderately labile Fe- (46 to 92%), Al- (0 to 40%), and Ca- (0 to 15%) P compounds besides organic P (0 to 13%) in all treatments. The fertilizer application slightly altered P speciation throughout the profiles, but the type of fertilizer had no significant effect on it. Optimal plant growth requirements are restricted by the exchangeable P from the solid phase within the soil solution. Therefore, ongoing research focuses on the accessibility of P from P loaded amorphous Fe- and Al-hydroxides, previously identified as the predominant abiotic P forms. To assess their P desorption potential, P-33 rhizotron experiments combined with P-33 isotopic exchange kinetics (IEK) are underway. Preliminary results indicated that besides differences in P binding capacity of soil hydroxides, physical soil parameters, such as the matric potential, strongly control soil P availability, thus plant P acquisition rates can vary among different soil types. Our results gained new detailed information about P bioavailability under agricultural practice. The investigations towards P bioaccessibility may contribute to improved interpretation of soil P tests and reduced fertilizer recommendations.
Does job insecurity affect household consumption

The paper confronts a key implication of the precautionary model of saving/consumption, using micro-data on British households. The results provide support for the key proposition that job insecurity a.ects consumption. A one standard deviation increase in unemployment risk for the head of household is estimated to reduce consumption by 2.7 per cent. This e.ect is greater for the young, those without non-labour income and manual workers-for whom precautionary e.ects might be expected to be stronger a priori. Consumer durables purchases are also found to be inversely related to unemployment risk
Comparative evaluation of cytotoxic effects of MTAD and sodium hypochlorite using lactate dehydrogenase and trypan blue assays: An in vitro study

Aim: This study aims to examine the cytotoxic effects of BioPure MTAD and three clinical concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions (1%, 3%, and 5%) on cultured human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Materials and Methods: Human PDL cells were grown on cell culture plates and were placed in contact with various concentrations of tested irrigants. Cytotoxicity of both BioPure MTAD and different concentrations of NaOCl was assessed for immediate short-term intervals (1, 5, 10, and 15 min) and midterm intervals as well (24, 48, 72, and 96 h). Different parameters of toxicity such as lactate dehydrogenase assay and trypan blue dye exclusion assay were studied along with morphological changes at all the different time points. The mean zones of inhibition were calculated for each group and were statistically analyzed. Results: BioPure MTAD was least toxic of all test irrigants in short-term and midterm time intervals. 5% NaOCl showed the maximum cytotoxicity at short-term time intervals. All cells died within the first 24 h for all three NaOCl concentrations. Conclusions: BioPure MTAD showed minimal toxicity and the three concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) of NaOCl showed detrimental effects on the PDL cells and its toxicity was dose dependent.
Falling film distillation column with heat transfer by means of a vapor chamber – part I: isothermal operation

Abstract We describe a new configuration for falling film distillation columns: a heating system provided by a vapor chamber along the entire column with the operation at atmospheric pressure. Experimental tests were carried out with an ethanol–water mixture by providing isothermal while varying the feed flow rate and the temperatures of the feed and vapor chamber. This heating proposal allowed the formation of a temperature gradient inside the distillation column, which was attributed to the mass and heat axial transfer that occurred along the entire length of the unit. Different from the usual recommendation for film units, higher flow rates are more suitable for distillation of ethanol and water, which was attributed to the heat transfer method and the operation being held at atmospheric pressure. Also, it was observed that there is a strong relationship between the feed temperature and vapor chamber temperature. The results are promising and encourage further studies with this new heat transfer proposal.
Study of flow behaviour in a three products hydrocyclone screen: numerical simulation and experimental validation

A novel three products hydrocyclone screen (TPHS) has been successfully developed; it consists of a cylindrical screen embedded in a conventional hydrocyclone (CH). In the new liquid cyclone, the combination of centrifugal classification and screening was employed for particle separation based on size. The aim of this study is to investigate the flow behaviour in TPHS using numerical simulation and experimental validation. A computational fluid dynamics simulation with a 4.35 million grid scheme and linear pressure–strain RSM generated the economic and gridindependence solution, which agreed well with the experiments of particle image velocimetry and water split. The velocity vector profile reveals that TPHS represented similar flow patterns to CH, wherein in addition to the outer downward swirl flow, inner upward swirl flow, central down-flow, second circulatory flow, and mantle, a particular fluid flow named screen underflow was created in TPHS owing to the presence of a cylindrical screen. The velocity distribution demonstrates that in TPHS, relative to CH, with the increase in radius, the lower tangential and higher radial velocity first increased to a peak and subsequently decreased, while the axial velocity primarily reduced to zero, increased in the opposite direction, and finally decreased rapidly to zero again. In addition, a disadvantageous flow, namely, screen backflow, was generated in TPHS, wherein the farther away the flow is from the feed inlet, the earlier this flow behaviour occurred. However, the rational scheme of aperture size and screen length can completely remove the screen backflow in TPHS.
Photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic by TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on a glass plate

Abstract This research investigated the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin by titanium dioxide nanoparticles immobilized on a glass plate in an aqueous solution. The important point about this process is immobilization on glass plate, which resolves difficulties related to separation of catalysts from the solution in the application of sole nanoparticles as well as reusability of nanoparticles. Application of nanoparticles without immobilization on a support medium causes toxic effects in aqueous solutions, which was fixed through immobilization on a glass plate in this study. In this research, 1 gL−1 of TiO2 was immobilized on a glass plate. XRD and SEM indicated that the TiO2 immobilized on the glass plate was highly pure and uniform in size (39.2–74.9 nm). The maximum ciprofloxacin removal efficiency from the synthetic aqueous solution was obtained at the optimal pH of 5, contact time of 105 min, and ciprofloxacin initial concentration of 3 mgL−1. The extent of ciprofloxacin removed under optimal conditions was obtained as 92.81% and 86.57% from the synthetic and real samples, respectively. Evaluation of linear models of kinetics and adsorption isotherms indicated that the data followed pseudo-first-order kinetics as well as Langmuir–Hinshelwood and Freundlich isotherms. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of ciprofloxacin on TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on glass plate is an endothermic and physical process. Considering the high efficiency of this process under real conditions, it can be used for the removal of resistant pollutants from industrial wastewater.
Expression of Concern: Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase A Is a Potential Metastasis-Associated Marker of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Lung Cell Tumorigenesis and Migration

The corresponding authors stated that data underlying all the results reported in the article are available, except for the raw image data underlying the western blots in Figure 5. The corresponding authors confirmed that the same 2D gel image and cohort of 7 patients are reported in four articles [1–4], and each article focuses on a different aspect of the 2D gel results. They also reported that the control data in Figures 6A and 7A of this article [1] are identical to the data in [3], as the experiments were performed simultaneously using the same control samples. The figure legends for Figures 1, 6 and 7 are updated to acknowledge this data reuse, and the 2D gel image in Figure 1A has been replaced with a version that has PLOS ONE
The Utilization of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) juice in fermented beverage

The black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.), which was commonly known as leunca in Indonesia, has been acclaimed for its medicinal effects. Due to its limited use, a processing method to utilize black nightshade into a product that is acceptable for consumer and has better functional properties must be studied. This research was aimed to utilize the black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) juice in the making of fermented beverage. The black nightshade juice was made with two different pretreatments (no blanching, water blanching at 80oC for 3.3 minutes) and three different ratios of fruit and water (1:1, 1:2, 1:3). Ranking test was conducted by 80 untrained panelists to determine the most preferred juice. The juice with blanching pretreatment and 1:2 ratio of fruit and water was chosen as the most preferred juice. The black nightshade fermented beverage was made with three different sugar concentrations (10%, 12.5%, 15%) and observed twice a week for 21 days. The black nightshade fermented beverage was analyzed physically (color), chemically (antioxidant activity, alcohol content, pH, total titratable acidity, volatile acid, total dissolved solid, total reducing sugar), microbiologically (total yeast count, total plate count, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus), and organoleptically (scoring test, hedonic test). The black nightshade fermented beverage with 10% sugar concentration and 14 days of fermentation period was chosen as the selected black nightshade fermented beverage based on its antioxidant activity (304.1918 ± 0.5026 mg/L) and organoleptic analysis.