Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the effects of 3D-360°VR and 2D viewing modes on gaze behavior, head excursion, and workload during a boxing specific anticipation task

Introduction Recent evidence has started to demonstrate that 360°VR, a type of VR that immerses a user within a 360° video, has advantages over two-dimensional (2D) video displays in the context of perceptual-cognitive evaluation and training. However, there is currently a lack of empirical evidence to explain how perceptual-cognitive strategies differ between these two paradigms when performing sports-related tasks. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine and compare the impact of different viewing conditions (e.g., 3D-360°VR and 2D video displays), on gaze behavior and head excursions in a boxing-specific anticipatory task. A secondary objective was to assess the workload associated with each viewing mode, including the level of presence experienced. Thirdly, an exploratory analysis was conducted to evaluate any potential sex differences. Methods Thirty-two novice participants (16 females) were recruited for this study. A total of 24 single-punch sequences were randomly presented using a standalone VR headset (Pico Neo 3 Pro Eye), with two different viewing modes: 3D-360°VR and 2D. Participants were instructed to respond to the punches with appropriate motor actions, aiming to avoid punches. Gaze behavior was recorded using a Tobii eyetracker embedded in the VR headset. Workload and presence were measured with the SIM-TLX questionnaire. Fixation duration, number of fixations, saccades, search rate and head excursions (roll, pitch, yaw) were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results The results revealed significant shorter fixation durations and more head excursions (roll, pitch) in 3D-360°VR, compared to the 2D viewing mode (ps < 0.05). The sense of presence was found to be much higher in the 3D-360°VR viewing mode (p < 0.05). No sex differences were observed. These results demonstrate that 360°VR elicited shorter fixation durations but mostly greater head excursions and immersion compared to a 2D projection in the context of a boxing-specific task. Discussion These findings contribute to the understanding of previous evidence supporting the possible advantages of using 360°VR over 2D for perceptual-cognitive evaluation and training purposes. Further validation studies that compare behaviors and performance in 360°VR with those in the real-world will be needed.
Practicing responsible tourism: international case studies in tourism planning, policy and development.

Partial table of contents: Practicing Responsible Tourism: Understanding Tourism Today to Prepare for Tomorrow (W. Husbands & L. Harrison). One Name, Two Destinations: Planned and Unplanned Coastal Resorts in Indonesia (G. Wall). Revitalizing Bermuda: Tourism Policy Planning in a Mature Island Destination (M. Conlin). Striving for Sustainability and Financial Self--Sufficiency: Nelson's Dockyard National Park, Antigua (D. Russell, et al.). Tourism and Transportation in Ontario, Canada: A Vital Link (B. Lamb & S. Davidson). Hallmark Events and Urban Reimaging Strategies: Coercion, Community, and the Sydney 2000 Olympics (C. Hall). Attracting the Invisible Tourist Market: VFR Travel in Albury Wodonga, Australia (B. McKercher).
Why Poverty Persists: Poverty Dynamics in Asia and Africa

Contents: Foreword David Hulme Overview: Poverty Dynamics and Persistence in Africa and Asia Bob Baulch 1. Poverty Transitions, Shocks and Consumption in Rural Bangladesh, 1996-97 to 2006-07 Agnes Quisumbing 2. A Poor Life? Chronic Poverty and Downward Mobility in Rural Ethiopia, 1994 to 2004 Stefan Dercon and Catherine Porter 3. The Determinants and Consequences of Chronic and Transitory Poverty in Nepal, 1995-96 to 2003-04 Saurav Dev Bhatta and Suman Sharma 4. Poverty Dynamics in Rural Sindh, Pakistan, 1987-88 to 2004-05 Hari Ram Lohano 5. Poverty Traps and Structural Poverty in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, 1994 to 2004 Julian May, Ingrid Woolard and Bob Baulch 6. Poverty Dynamics in Vietnam, 2002 to 2006 Bob Baulch and Vu Hoang Dat 7. Chronic Poverty: What is to be Done? Bob Baulch Index
Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder on Hematological Profile of Male Wistar Rats

Background Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity of more than 20,000 plant species, and 35% of them are identified as having health benefits. Moringa oleifera is one plant that almost all of its parts have been used as nutritional supplements and traditional medicines. Moringa leaves contain nutrients, antioxidants, and bioactive substances that have anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and anti-anemia properties. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the hematological effect of Moringa leaf powder in male Wistar rats under normal conditions. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats strain (Rattus norvegicus) 9−10 weeks old and 250−275 grams were divided into four groups (n=6), normal as a control group and three other groups were given Moringa leaf powder at doses 200, 400, and 800 mg/kgBW during 12 weeks. Blood samples at week 12 were administered to determine blood count. Results The results of this study showed differences between the various doses of Moringa leaf powder for each hematological profile. These differences were more significant for MCH parameters that indicated a decrease in the D800 group compared with the control group. Conclusion In conclusion, this study revealed that the consumption of Moringa leaf powder for 12 weeks did not have a significant change in the hematological profile, except for the MCH value that revealed a modification.
Blastomycosis-Associated Hospitalizations, United States, 2010–2020

Background: Blastomycosis is an environmentally acquired fungal disease that can cause severe illness, with approximately 65% of reported cases requiring hospitalization. Recent trends in blastomycosis-associated hospitalizations in the United States have not been described. Methods: We analyzed hospital discharge data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. We calculated hospitalization rates per 100,000 population using U.S. census data and examined factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Results: An estimated 11,776 blastomycosis-associated hospitalizations occurred during 2010–2020 (average yearly rate 0.3 per 100,000 persons), with no apparent temporal trend. Rates were consistently highest among persons ≥65 years old and males. In-hospital death occurred in 7.9% and approximately doubled from 3.9% in 2010 to 8.5% in 2020. Older age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignancy were associated with mortality. Conclusions: Blastomycosis-associated hospitalizations can result in poor outcomes, underscoring the continued need for attention to early detection and treatment of blastomycosis and monitoring of disease trends.
AN ANALYSIS OF HUMAN DISTURBANCE TO ROCKY INTERTIDAL COMMUNITIES OF SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY

Connecting changes in ecological communities to impacts from human visitation can be difficult, especially in temporally variable systems whose stressors are also variable. High variability inherently obscures our understanding of systems and ultimately limits our ability to take management actions to protect many marine and terrestrial ecological systems (e.g., coral reefs, kelp forests, salt marshes, dessert communities, coastal dunes). Here we report a novel approach to demonstrate how to understand the real impact of visitation in highly variable ecological communities, and then how to determine if commonly visited areas are being compromised by visitation. Our methodology involves three essential elements: 1) quantification of visitation levels through visitor surveys in the ecological community of interest; 2) a controlled field experiment to identify species that are affected by visitation (i.e., “access indicator taxa” (AIT)) using a before-aftercontrol-impact design (BACI); importantly the impact activities and levels are realistic
CHARACTERIZATION OF DISTRIBUTIONS BY EQUALITIES OF TWO GENERALIZED OR DUAL GENERALIZED ORDER STATISTICS

In this paper, characterization of probability distributions by equalities of two di erent generalized order statistics(gos) or dual generalized order statistics (dgos) is considered. It is proved that, if two di erent gos or dgos via the samedistribution function (df) F are equal, then F has at most two growth points
A Study on the Extension of WAM for Shallow Water

WAM(WAve Model), deep water wave model has been extended to the region of shallow water, incorporating wave breaking, and triad wave interaction. To verify this model, two numerical simulations for hydraulic experiments of Chawla et al.(1998) and Beji and Battjes(1993) are performed. The computed results show good agreements with measured ones. To identify its applicability to real sea, it is applied to storm wave modelling for typhoon Maemi. Numerical results compared with measured ones at Geoje, Busan and Ulsan show reasonable wave height estimations.
A CloudSat and CALIPSO‐Based Evaluation of the Effects of Thermodynamic Instability and Aerosol Loading on Amazon Basin Deep Convection and Lightning

The Amazon Basin, which plays a critical role in the carbon and water cycle, is under stress due to changes in climate, agricultural practices, and deforestation. The effects of thermodynamic and microphysical forcing on the strength of thunderstorms in the Basin (75–45°W, 0–15°S) were examined during the pre‐monsoon season (mid‐August through mid‐December), a period with large variations in aerosols, intense convective storms, and plentiful flashes. The analysis used measurements of radar reflectivity, ice water content (IWC), and aerosol type from instruments aboard the CloudSat and CALIPSO satellites, flash rates from the ground‐based Sferics Timing and Ranging Network, and total aerosol optical depth (AOD) from a surface network and a meteorological re‐analysis. After controlling for convective available potential energy (CAPE), it was found that thunderstorms that developed under dirty (high‐AOD) conditions were 1.5 km deeper, had 50% more IWC, and more than two times as many flashes as storms that developed under clean conditions. The sensitivity of flashes to AOD was largest for low values of CAPE where increases of more than a factor of three were observed. The additional ice water indicated that these deeper systems had higher vertical velocities and more condensation nuclei capable of sustaining higher concentrations of water and large hydrometeors in the upper troposphere. Flash rates were also found to be larger during periods when smoke rather than dust was common in the lower troposphere, likely because smoky periods were less stable due to higher values of CAPE and AOD and lower values of mid‐tropospheric relative humidity.
Altitude and Distance Relationships with the Multidimensional Poverty Index: The case of Peru

This paper studies the potential association between two geographic indicators, distance and altitude, with the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for 1,874 district in Peru by using the National Census of 2017. We investigate whether higher altitude or longer distance is associated with higher MPI values. For this purpose, we use the distance of each district to three different potential spaces of reference. First, we use the shortest distance to the metropolitan area of Lima; second, the shortest distance to the capitals of coastal departments; third, and finally, the shortest distance to the sea. We obtain three relevant results. First, we find evidence that altitude is statistically significant and positive associated with variation of MPI among districts. Second, the distance with respect to the sea appears to be more relevant to explaining differences in MPI than the distance to the Metropolitan area or coastal departmental capitals. Finally, we find evidence of spatial externalities of MPI across districts which also seem to be stronger than the direct effect of altitude and distance.
Promoting Complex Problem Solving by Introducing Schema-Governed Categories of Key Causal Models

The ability to recognize key causal models across situations is associated with expertise. The acquisition of schema-governed category knowledge of key causal models may underlie this ability. In an experimental study (n = 183), we investigated the effects of promoting the construction of schema-governed categories and how an enhanced ability to recognize the key causal models relates to performance in complex problem-solving tasks that are based on the key causal models. In a 2 × 2 design, we tested the effects of an adapted version of an intervention designed to build abstract mental representations of the key causal models and a tutorial designed to convey conceptual understanding of the key causal models and procedural knowledge. Participants who were enabled to recognize the underlying key causal models across situations as a result of the intervention and the tutorial (i.e., causal sorters) outperformed non-causal sorters in the subsequent complex problem-solving task. Causal sorters outperformed the control group, except for the subtask knowledge application in the experimental group that did not receive the tutorial and, hence, did not have the opportunity to elaborate their conceptual understanding of the key causal models. The findings highlight that being able to categorize novel situations according to their underlying key causal model alone is insufficient for enhancing the transfer of the according concept. Instead, for successful application, conceptual and procedural knowledge also seem to be necessary. By using a complex problem-solving task as the dependent variable for transfer, we extended the scope of the results to dynamic tasks that reflect some of the typical challenges of the 21st century.
Profile of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar 2011 – 2021

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is Indonesia’s most common head and neck malignancy. NPC presents non-specific signs and symptoms, which lead to a late or missed diagnosis. Early detection and prevention are essential based on the NPC profile. Objective: This study aimed to assess NPC’s sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar 2011 – 2021.
Comparison of CT and MR imaging in staging of neck metastases.

PURPOSE To compare the abilities of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) in detection of lymph node metastasis from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR imaging and CT were performed with standard protocols in patients with known carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx. Histopathologic examination was performed to validate imaging findings. Between 1991 and 1994, 213 patients undergoing 311 neck dissections were accrued at three institutions. RESULTS For the upper jugular and spinal accessory regions, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for combined information on size and internal abnormality were 0.80 for CT and 0.75 for MR imaging. Sensitivities, specificities, negative predictive values (NPVs), and positive predictive values (PPVs) were calculated for various size criteria with and without internal abnormality information. With use of a 1-cm size or an internal abnormality to indicate a positive node, CT had an NPV of 84% and a PPV of 50%, and MR imaging had an NPV of 79% and a PPV of 52%. CT achieved an NPV of 90%, correlating with a PPV of 44%, with use of 5-mm size as an indicator of a positive node. CONCLUSION CT performed slightly better than MR imaging for all interpretative criteria. However, a high NPV was achieved only when a low size criterion was used and was therefore associated with a relatively low PPV.
Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (gahnite) in Colorado

Introduction History . CONTENTS Geologic setting and general character of the ores Deposits in rocks metamorphosed to lower amphibolite facies Deposits in the Gunnison area . Economic potential . Deposits in rocks metamorphosed to upper amphibolite facies Deposits in the vicinity of Salida Gahnite and its significance . Economic potential . Deposits in other areas in Colorado Distribution and significance of gahnite Economic potential References cited .
Study on the Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Graphene-Based Adsorbents

In the current investigation, the removal efficiency regarding a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), from three graphene-based materials was investigated. The materials’ characterization process involved instrumental methods such as XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, FTIR, and nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. The survey examined how various process factors influenced the ability of the studied materials to adsorb cationic dyes. These parameters encompassed contact time, initial dye concentrations, solution pH, and temperature. The adsorption procedure was effectively explained through the application of pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. The maximum adsorption capacity for the best adsorbent at 293 K was found to be 49.4 mg g−1. In addition, the study also determined the entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy values associated with the removal of MB and showed that the adsorption of MB is endothermic, feasible, and spontaneous. The results also revealed that the studied materials are suitable adsorbents for the removal of cationic dyes.
Lagoonal Microfacies, Lithostratigraphy, Correlation and Shale Migration of the Basal Middle Eocene Seeb Formation (Rusayl Embayment, Sultanate of Oman)

The study improves the understanding of the basal part of the Eocene Seeb Formation of Oman, informally known as “Unit 1”, in terms of microfacies, lithostratigraphy and shale migration within the context of regional tectonics. We logged four sections bed-by-bed over a distance of 8.3 km, collected samples and analyzed thin-sections as well as XRD samples. For the first time, the microfacies and stratigraphic correlation of the lowermost part of the limestone-dominated Seeb Formation were studied in detail. In the analyzed area, Unit 1 is ~20 to 40 m thick, with the thickness increasing to the SE. In the upper part of Unit 1 is a laterally continuous shale horizon. The limestones of Unit 1 contain mostly packstones and grainstones. The dominant standard microfacies types are SMF 18-FOR and SMF 16. The former is dominated by benthic foraminifera, and the latter by peloids. Both SMFs indicate restricted lagoonal conditions. Foraminifera are common in Unit 1 and indicate a middle Eocene age. Considering the abundance of encountered foraminiferal bioclasts, it appears probable that the lagoon barrier was mainly composed of foraminiferal tests. Gutter casts, slumps and debrites indicate an active, partly unstable syndepositional slope, which was likely initially created by uplift of the Saih Hatat Dome and Jabal Nakhl Subdome. Differential regional uplift due to a more pronounced overall doming in the NW (Jabal Nakhl Subdome) than in the SE (Saih Hatat Dome) explains more accommodation space and greater thickness towards the SE. For the first time, we report visco-plastic shale migration/intrusion within the Seeb Formation, related to a shale horizon of Unit 1. This shale locally migrated as indicated by (1) local thickness variations, (2) detached limestone boulders floating in the shale, (3) limestone beds that have been cut-off by the shale and (4) dragged by the shale (5) an upward shale intrusion/injection which then spread parallelly to bedding similar to a salt tongue and (6) tilting overlying limestones. We suggest that shale migration is related to post-“mid”-Eocene E-W convergence between Arabia and India and to faulting or to the second, late Paleogene/early Neogene, faulting interval of the Frontal Range Fault. The shale horizon in the upper part of Unit 1 is a marker bed, which can be correlated across the study area.
The Role of Ecosystem Services and Adaptive Capacity in the Resilience of Poor Urban Areas

This thesis aims to understand the important features of resilience for individuals living in poor urban areas. There is currently little understanding of the role of ecosystem services, or the key components of adaptive capacity in these areas. As urbanisation continues apace, it is of utmost importance that we understand how to build resilience in slums and informal settlements. This thesis contributes to this challenge by finding determinants of adaptive capacity, the degree to which ecosystem services are used, and significant heterogeneities in slum adaptive capacity. The research is based on empirical fieldwork in three slum areas in Kampala, Uganda. Study areas were chosen at differing distances from the city centre to the periphery, with data collected at the individual level. Mixed methods were used and included pre-study open interviews, a random survey questionnaire, and focus groups. A total of 720 questionnaires capture the bulk of the information, and contain two relatively novel methods – a presentation of adaptive capacity statements, and a social network analysis. The thesis finds that slum residents use local ecosystem services very little but where there are green spaces, they are valued for benefits such as recreation or aesthetics. Slum residents tend to deal with problems with the help of others, and social networks are critical for adaptive capacity. Other significant determinants of adaptive capacity include innovation, feelings of control, and a sense of place. There are significant differences in adaptive capacities and social networks between slums areas, and specific population groups. These results give policy key features of resilience to build on, and highlight the importance of assessing where strengths and weaknesses lie. The determinants of resilience in poor urban areas are unique, but once understood, enable us to reduce vulnerability for a vast proportion of the world's population living in slums and informal settlements.
Evaluation of massive education in prison health: a perspective of health care for the person deprived of freedom in Brazil

Education, with an emphasis on prison health, has acted as a policy inducing changes in work processes, which the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) has used, and which is present in permanent health education, which promotes health care for people deprived of liberty. This article aims to present an analysis of the impacts of the strategy of massive education on prison health in Brazil from the perspective of health professionals and other actors operating in the Brazilian prison system. The data used in the study come from a questionnaire consisting of 37 questions applied nationwide between March and June 2022. Responses were collected from students who completed the course “Health Care for People Deprived of Freedom” of the learning pathway “Prison System”, available in the Virtual Learning Environment of the Brazilian Health System (AVASUS). This course was offered nationally, whose adhesion (enrollment) occurred spontaneously, i.e., the course was not a mandatory. The data collected allowed us to analyze the impacts of massive education on prison health. The study also shows that the search for the course is made by several areas of knowledge, with a higher incidence in the health area, but also in other areas, such as humanities, which also work directly with the guarantee of the rights of people deprived of liberty, which are professionals in the areas of social work, psychology, and education. The analysis based on the data suggests that the massive education mediated by technology through the courses of the learning pathway, besides disseminating knowledge–following the action plan of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)–, are an effective tool to promote resilience in response to prison health and care demands of people deprived of liberty.