Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Associated Congenital Heart Defects in Down Syndrome

Background: Children with Downs seem commonly with defects in their heart. Aim: To find out the occurrence of congenital heart disease in children with Down. Methods: This retrospective study planned at the cardiology unit in the children’s hospital, Lahore, in 2017. One hundred and seven babies with Down enrolled in this study until 14 years of age. Results: Heart diseases seem in 63 patients from 107 that revealed 59% with male to female ratio of 1.7:1. Among the isolated single lesions ventricular septal defect found in 60.3% patent ductus arteriosus in 13.7%, complete atrioventricular defects in 8.6%, followed by ASD in 6.8%, Pulmonary atresia with VSD in 6.8% ,Tetralogy of Fallot and TGA in 1.7% of patients. Among the mixed lesion (4.7%) VSD+ASD found in two patients while COA+ PDA, Univentricular heart with TGA and PA+VSD +DORV found in each patients. Conclusion: Heart lesion in down babies seen to be 59%. In non-cyanotic lesion, ventricular septal defect was common, while in category of cyanotic heart lesion the pulmonary atresia and VSD was found and in mix heart lesion VSD with ASD was found.
Riduzione delle emissioni azotate nell’allevamento della bufala da latte

Lo scopo del presente lavoro e stato quello di valutare gli effetti, della metionina rumino-protetta con un piu basso apporto proteico nella razione, sulle produzioni e sulle escrezioni di azoto nelle bufale in lattazione. Nell’ottica di ridurre sempre piu l’impatto ambientale degli allevamenti, migliorando l’efficienza dell’utilizzazione dell’azoto. Nella prova durata 120 d sono stati impiegati 16 bufale in lattazione divise in 2 gruppi, ciascuno di 8 animali. Entrambi i gruppi ricevevano uguali razioni per composizione e per concentrazione energetica (0.90 UFL/kg SS), mentre differivano per l’apporto di protidi grezzi. Un gruppo (controllo) riceveva 15.16% di PG/kg di DM, mentre l’altro (RPM) riceveva 14.24% di PG/kg di DM + 12 g di metionina rumino-protetta. Nessuna differenza significativa e stata rilevata sulle caratteristiche quanti/qualitative e quelle tecnologiche del latte per entrambi i gruppi, con una produzione media di latte di 7.63 e 7.69 kg/d rispettivamente per il gruppo RPM e di controllo. I valori di urea ematica (BU) sono stati piu bassi nel gruppo RPM rispetto a quelli di controllo (5.88 vs 7.01 mmol/l, P<0.05), cosi come la quantita di azoto totale escreto con le urine pari a 179.17 e 207.52 g/d (P<0.05). La quantita totale di azoto escreto con le deiezioni e stata di 314.65 vs 358.57 g/d (P<0.05) rispettivamente del gruppo RPM e di controllo. Questi dati suggeriscono che e possibile ridurre ulteriormente l’apporto di azoto nella razione, impiegando contemporaneamente amminoacidi essenziali in forma rumino-protetta, al fine di mantenere invariate le produzioni, migliorando l’efficienza di utilizzo dell’azoto e riducendone le escrezioni nell’ambiente.
Interleukin 17A Promotes Cell Migration, Enhances anoikis resistance, and Favors Microenvironment for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Tumor Metastasis

Background: Our previous study demonstrated that overexpression of multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains 11 was involved the recurrence mechanism of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) via up-regulation of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-17A signaling pathway. However, information concerning the role of IL-17A in tumor behavior or cancer microenvironment remains lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-17A on TNBC recurrent mechanisms, including tumor behavior, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and cancer microenvironment. Methods: Using human TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 lines, the role of IL17-A was elucidated by knocked down IL-17A (DIL-17A) or administration of different dose of IL-17A in the culture medium. Cell proliferation, migration assay, Western blot analysis and Real-time PCR for IL-17A related signaling were evaluated. Three groups of implanted 4T1 cells in BALB/c mice were designed, namely, wild type (WT), DIL-17A, and WT + neutralizing IL-17 antibody (WT+Ab). Tumor weight, necrosis area, and the number of CTCs were measured. Immunohistochemistry or Western blot for CD34, CD8, and TGF-b1 were evaluated. Anoikis resistance was analyzed by live/dead stain and flow cytometry. Finally, clinic-pathological correlation between IL-17A expression and patients’ outcome such as disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed by Kaplan-Meier’s method.Results: Our results demonstrated that IL-17A stimulated migratory activity, but not growth rate, of MDA-MB-231/468 cells via increased Src, Rho, and COX2 expression. In vivo, there was an increased necrosis area, a decreased tumor CD34 expression and CTCs in DIL-17A group; while there was a decreased tumor CD34 expression, CD8(+) cells, and CTCs, but an increased TGF-b1 expression in WT+Ab group, compared to the WT group. Knocked down-IL-17A also decreased anoikis resistance in human TNBC and murine 4T1 cell lines. Kaplan-Meier’s analysis disclosed a negative correlation between tumor IL-17A expression and OS in TNBC patients. Conclusion: We conclude that IL-17A promotes migratory and angiogenic activity in the tumors, enhances anoikis resistance, and modulates the immune landscape of tumor microenvironment favoring subsequent cancer metastasis. The blockade of IL-17A might provide a co-treatment target to prevent tumor metastasis or recurrence in TNBC patients.
Metacognitive Skills Training Effect on Cognitive Function in (TBI) Patients A Systematic Review

Metacognition is among the current controversial neuropsychological topics which had its influence on cognition in ill and healthy individuals. Many cognitive failures that (TBI) patients endure are not tackled in standardized protocols of cognitive rehabilitation efforts. One of the debilitating features of (TBI) is the lack of self-awareness of the disease. Metacognitive training can help in diminishing rehabilitation resisting obstacles. Not many studies to our knowledge have been done on meta-cognitive rehabilitation efforts in the case of (TBI) patients. In this review, electronic database is searched in strict inclusion exclusion criteria, eight studies have been included in a descriptive analysis. This might determine the power of evidence on the effect of metacognitive skills and strategy training on cognitive function in (TBI) patients. Studies recruited ranged from addressing executive function, social skills, to general cognitive competences. All of the studies proved the significance of metacognitive interventions in altering cognitive rehabilitation outcome but more attention should be given to the generalization of learned skills to daily life.
Ethnography, plans and software engineering

I report on some continuing research being done as part of a number of projects involving collaboration between software engineers and sociologists within the Centre for CSCW Research at Lancaster. The strategy which has evolved over these projects, and they have included studies of air traffic controllers, software engineers, technicians, office workers, bank employees, among others, is to conduct ethnographic field studies, of varying durations, in order to inform system design issues. I briefly reiterate the case for ethnography in CSCW design; secondly, using studies of software engineering, I relate the approach to trying to understand process-models-in-use within software engineering itself.
Stochastic models of manufacturing systems

1. Discrete Part Manufacturing Systems. 2. Evolution of Manufacturing System Models: An Example. 3. Single Stage 'Produce-to-Order' Systems. 4. Single Stage 'Produce-to-Stock' Systems. 5. Flow Lines. 6. Transfer Lines. 7. Dynamic Job Shops. 8. Flexible Machining Systems. 9. Flexible Assembly Systems. 10. Multiple Cell Manufacturing Systems. 11. Unresolved Issues: Directions for Future Research. Appendix A: Standard Probability Distributions. Appendix B: Some Notions of Stochastic Ordering. Appendix C: Nonparametric Families of Distributions.
Wet bulbs from the subsurface drip irrigation with water supply and treated sewage effluent

ABSTRACT: The use of treated sewage effluent (TSE) combined with the subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) method in agriculture can decrease the costs of agricultural production, in attempts to fertigate crops more efficiently. In this study it was compared the dimensions of the wet bulb formed by the application of TSE and municipal water supply (MWS) in an Oxisoil. We have evaluated the effect of water quality and discharge between drippers used in sugarcane crop. Three trenches were opened and 21 three-rod TDR probes were setup in a mesh and a dripper was buried at 0.30 m, for each constant discharge of 1.0 L h -1 and 1.6 L h -1 . Comparing results from different wetted soil profiles it was observed that the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the wet bulb are similar for both MWS and TSE, being peculiars according to the discharges used and volume applied. Regardless the water quality, an increase of 60% in discharge decreased the deepest infiltration.
A 10-year Population-based Study of the Differences between NECs and Carcinomas of the Esophagus in Terms of Clinicopathology and Survival

Purpose: The prevalence of esophageal NECs is rising, but to date, no studies have compared its clinicopathological characteristics to those of esophageal ACs and SCCs from the same period. Patients and methods: A 10-year population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted with the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. Statistical analyses were performed using Intercooled Stata 12.0 software. Results: A total of 17,196 eligible patients with esophageal tumors, including 246 NECs, 6,102 SCCs and 10,848 ACs, were analyzed. ACs showed an obviously higher prevalence than the other two tumor types, and the prevalence of NECs was increasing. NECs were associated with an obviously worse survival than ACs (log-rank test, P<0.01). Most NECs were poorly differentiated and had an obviously higher percentage of metastasis. NECs and ACs often metastasized to the liver (29.41% and 23.11%, respectively), while SCCs typically metastasized to the lung (15.84%) and distant lymph nodes (15.37%). We divided the patients into two groups for further analysis according to the metastasis status. For NECs, no benefit was obtained by surgery in metastatic disease. For SCCs and ACs, surgery of the primary sites produced survival benefits in both groups, but the benefits of lymphadenectomy and metastasis dissection need further study. Conclusion: NECs of the esophagus have the worst prognosis compared to SCCs and ACs from the same period. Radical surgery provides limited benefits to patients diagnosed with NECs, so systemic treatments should be considered instead of surgical procedures. A unique guideline with a new staging and grading system for esophageal NECs is urgently needed.
Adaptive optics allows 3D STED-FCS measurements in the cytoplasm of living cells

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in combination with super-resolution stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED-FCS) is a powerful tool to investigate molecular diffusion with sub-diffraction resolution. It has been of particular use for investigations of two dimensional systems like cell membranes, but has so far seen very limited applications to studies of three-dimensional diffusion. One reason for this is the extreme sensitivity of the axial (3D) STED depletion pattern to optical aberrations. We present here an adaptive optics-based correction method that compensates for these aberrations and allows STED-FCS measurements in the cytoplasm of living cells.
Analysis of Spatial Disorientation Mishaps in the US Navy

Abstract : Spatial disorientation (SD) and subsequent loss of situation awareness (LSA) mishaps for military air forces, commercial aviation, and general aviation have an estimated annual cost in the billions of dollars. SD occurs when the pilot has an incorrect perception of the attitude, altitude, or motion of one's own aircraft relative to the earth or other significant objects. One example of the devastating effects of SD is the following mishap: A US Navy F- 14 Tomcat, shortly after take off, crashed into a residential neighborhood destroying several homes and killing the two aircrew and three people on the ground. Casual factors in the mishap included SD and cockpit distraction. The Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL) has developed an SD mishap analysis tool to support US Navy mishap boards in their investigations, to provide insight into the problem of SD in naval aviation, and to train aviators to avoid SD mishaps. The SD mishap analysis tool uses spatial orientation models and computer animation techniques to produce three-dimensional (3-D) computer simulations of SD mishaps.
The Origins of Gender Differences in Competitiveness and Earnings Expectations: Causal Evidence from a Mentoring Intervention

We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differ- ences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced among adolescents with low socioeconomic status (SES). We further document that there is a positive association between the competitiveness of mothers and their daughters, but not between the competitiveness of mothers and their sons. Second, we show that a randomized mentoring intervention that exposes low-SES children to predominantly female role models causally affects girls' willing- ness to compete and narrows both the gender gap in competitiveness as well as the gender gap in earnings expectations. Together, the results highlight the importance of the social environment in shaping willingness to compete and earnings expectations at a young age.
Gender Performativities in the Quest for Healing, Salvation and Prosperity in An African Pentecostal Church

This paper investigates the performances members of the Moments of Glory Prayer Army (MOGPA), a Pentecostal church in Ghana, display at meetings and how such performances are gendered. Using gender performativity theory and ethnographic design anchored on participant observations, interviews and focus group discussions, the paper reveals that members displayed gendered performances during MOGPA meetings through the frames of prayer, exorcism, testimonies and oblation. However, there were also instances during which individuals engaged in performances that seemed to subvert the normal gender roles regularly subscribed to and acknowledged by society. The study concludes that the performances displayed by social actors at MOGPA meetings were highly gendered and, subsequently, reinforces the gender roles and performances in the church in particular and the society in general.
Using the theory of planned behavior to understand the students’ pro-environmental behavior: a case-study in a Portuguese HEI

Purpose Through the application of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aims to explore the main determinants of higher education students’ pro-environmental behavior. Design/methodology/approach An online survey was conducted among the students of a public higher education institution (HEI) in Portugal, from March to May of 2020. The data were analyzed with the structural equation modeling technique, considering environmental attitude, knowledge, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control as exogenous latent variables, and pro-environmental intention and behavior as endogenous latent variables. Findings The results show that the students’ environmental attitude and knowledge have no significant impact on their pro-environmental intention, while the students’ subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have a positive impact on their pro-environmental intention. The results also reveal that the students’ perceived behavioral control and pro-environmental intention have a strong and positive impact on their pro-environmental behavior. Research limitations/implications This study focuses on the students from a single public HEI, in accounting and administration area, and deepens environmental behavior in relation to resources’ consumption. Practical implications This study provides findings that can be useful for HEIs to be more effective in their policies, strategies and practices to improve students’ environmental behavior. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by exploring the main determinants of higher education students’ pro-environmental behavior in a Portuguese HEI and extending the TPB considering the additional variable environmental knowledge.
Fracture Mechanics Analysis of an Attachment Lug

Abstract : This report documents a finite-element analysis procedure for computation of Mode 1 and Mode 2 stress intensity factors associated with a sharp crack in an attachment lug detail. The procedure is a complete FORTRAN-4 program which generates and parametrically analyzes the lug, based on designer- oriented input data. The formulation of a special crack-containing element is reviewed and its performance is summarized. A detailed description of the lug analysis procedure covers the physical problem, modeling, program flow and options, input/output conventions, execution times and limitations which must be observed. Results from example analyses of some attachment lugs are presented.
The Helsinki Office Environment Study: Air Change in Mechanically Ventilated Buildings

The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and balance of mechanical ventilation in the rooms of Helsinki metropolitan office buildings with different types of ventilation systems. A random sample of 50 office buildings was selected from the Building Registry. Of these buildings, the 33 that have a mechanical ventilation system were included in this study. Most office buildings in the Helsinki metropolitan area have a ducted supply and exhaust system and hot water radiator heating. Air recirculation is used in about half of the buildings which have a mechanical supply and exhaust system. The average exhaust airflow was 1.2 L/s, m2 (SD 0.73) or 17.2 L/s per person (SD 11.6). The variation of the airflows was found to be very high among the buildings, and among the rooms within the buildings. Therefore, even though the ventilation rates on average comply with the Finnish building code, it was found that many people were working in offices with airflows which were either too low or unnecessarily high.
A novel miniaturized frequency selective surface with excellent center frequency stability

A novel miniaturized frequency selective surface is proposed. The size reduction is achieved by bending the edge of square loop aperture into the inner space to lengthen the resonant length. Compared with conventional square loop aperture frequency selective surface (FSS), the area of this miniaturized‐element is reduced by 78% at the same operation frequency of 2.9 GHz. Both theoretical and experimental investigations are carried out. It is observed that the miniaturized FSS presents excellent center frequency stability with the increase of the incident angle. This proposed FSS can be a good candidate for FSS radomes which present large incident angle to the coming wave. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2513–2516, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24604
Braincase anatomy of the early sauropodomorph Saturnalia tupiniquim (Late Triassic, Brazil)

ABSTRACT The braincase anatomy of the sauropodomorph dinosaur Saturnalia tupiniquim from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) Santa Maria Formation of Brazil is described for the first time using computed tomography (CT). The braincase is characterized by a semilunar depression on the lateral surface of the basisphenoid, an occipital condyle whose ventral margin lies dorsal to the ventral margin of the cultriform process of the parabasisphenoid, a poorly developed preotic pendant, and anteriorly oriented basipterygoid processes. The comparative description improves our understanding of the early dinosaur braincase, which is poorly known relative to that of later representatives of the group. In addition, we discuss braincase features recently employed to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of dinosauromorphs, especially the pneumatic recesses of the braincase. Our study indicates that the semilunar depression and basioccipital recess are more widespread among dinosaurs and their closest archosauriform relatives than previously suggested. These structures are present in the three main dinosaurian lineages and also in non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs, indicating that they might be plesiomorphic for Dinosauria. Likewise, the subsellar and basisphenoid recesses were observed in all examined dinosauromorph taxa, with variation observed in the relative development of these structures but not in their presence/absence. Our character reassessments and discussion of morphological variation as parts of transformation series strengthen the basis for integrating braincase features in future studies of dinosauromorph phylogeny.
An Introduction to Sustainable Transportation: Policy, Planning and Implementation

This book explores the ways in which many transportation benefits can be retained while the social and environmental burdens of transport are reduced. It is intended to provide students with background and in-depth material to enhance their appreciation of the issues involved in sustainable transport, to assist planners in achieving the transition to sustainable transportation and to assist policy makers and citizens plan for the future. Chapter one opens with a discussion of definitions of sustainable transportation, chapter 2 presents an analysis of the evolution of cities from walking cities to transit cities to automobile cities, chapter 3 considers transport history, chapter 4 analyses and compares transport modes, chapter 5 considers freight movement, supply chains and logistical systems, chapter 6 considers the economics of sustainable transport, chapter 7 addresses policy making and public participation, chapter 8 considers new planning criteria, and chapter 9 considers sustainable transport action in six cities. The book concludes with a discussion of the most vital actions, preparations and measures that need to be taken at several levels to move from conventional 'business as usual' transportation to sustainability.
The rise of the creative class, revisited

Ten years after its first publication, the theory of the Creative Class is more relevant than ever. Now for the first time, this original book is revised and updated for a new generation. First published in 2002, "The Rise of the Creative Class" weaved storytelling with reams of cutting-edge research to trace the fundamental theme that runs through a host of seemingly unrelated changes in society: the growing role of creativity in our economy. The idea started a fire. Ten years later, any serious conversation about the creativity, geography, and economic growth must integrate the concept of the Creative Class. Our values and tastes, our personal relationships, our choices of where to live, and even our sense and use of time are changing. Leading this transformation are the millions of people who create for a living. This Creative Class is found in a variety of fields, from engineering to theatre, biotech to education, architecture to small business. Their choices have already had a huge economic impact. In the future, they will determine how the workplace is organized, what companies will prosper or go bankrupt, and even which cities will thrive or wither. Now completely revised and updated, "The Rise of the Creative Class Revisited" takes a deeper look at the forces reshaping our economy and provides a provocative new way to think about why we live as we do today - and where we might be heading.