Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does option complexity contribute to the framing effect, loss aversion, and delay discounting in younger and older adults?

Recent findings suggest that the commonly observed preference for a safe over a risky option, which is more pronounced in older than in younger adults, is largely driven by differences in the complexity of those options. Here we examine whether option complexity also contributes to the emergence of the framing effect and loss aversion in risky choice as well as to delay discounting in intertemporal choice. All of these phenomena tend to be measured with choice problems that involve options differing in complexity. We also examine whether option complexity contributes to potential age differences in these phenomena. In each paradigm, we experimentally increased the complexity of the simpler option, thus reducing differences in the complexity of the options. We found no evidence for an effect of this manipulation on the framing effect nor on participants' preferences in the loss aversion task. On average, participants did not show loss aversion. Increasing the complexity of the option with an immediate reward in the intertemporal choice task made younger, but unexpectedly not older, adults less likely to choose this option. Our results thus indicate that preferences in tasks typically used to measure the framing effect, loss aversion, and delay discounting are only little affected by differences in option complexity.
Lightweight Threshing Rack under Multisource Excitation Based on Modal Optimization Method

Crawler rice combine harvester threshing rack excited by different frequencies of multiple working parts would cause strong vibration response. In this paper, the rack-type rice combine harvester threshing rack was taken as research objective, and then the static analysis of the existing threshing rack was carried out by ANSYS Finite Element software. The topology of the rack structure was optimized according to the stress and strain distribution of the threshing rack. Based on solving the 6 natural frequencies and mode shapes of the threshing rack of combine harvester, the morphological test of threshing rack was carried out and the reliability of the modal analysis was verified. Finally, the multivibration source was assembled on the rack for simulation to test and verify the optimization effectiveness. Results showed that the 1st to 6th natural frequency of threshing rack after modal optimization could avoid the excitation frequency of the working part. Compared with the original design, the optimized threshing rack had a weight reduction of 13.7%. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the structural design and optimization of combine harvester threshing rack.
Mind the (cultural) gap: International news channels and the challenge of attracting Latin American audiences

This article explores the role of cultural proximity in the perception of international news channels in Latin America by focusing on the cases of CGTN (China), RT (Russia) and HispanTV (Iran). Instrumental to the public diplomacy strategies of their home countries, the success of international broadcasters depends on if/whether audiences accept them. Based on a series of focus groups conducted in Mexico and Argentina, this article argues that cultural proximity strongly influences viewers’ aesthetic experience. The findings show that international broadcasters from culturally distant countries bridge the cultural gap by evoking the style of western broadcasters while dissociating themselves from perceived negative images of their own countries of origin. At a deeper level, cultural proximity entails inclusionary and exclusionary processes even within subcultural spheres. Finally, the findings also show how issues of representation can undermine channel identification by audiences.
The Influence Of Skill Aspect On Vocational Education Graduates For Improving Job Achievement In The Era Industry 4.0.

The lack of skill aspects or skills possessed by new workers even though the workforce comes from vocational education graduates is a very strategic issue. Therefore it is necessary to conduct a study on the influence of the aspects of skills to increase employment in vocational education graduates. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the competency aspects of skills to improve performance and work. The skill aspects in this study include Technical Skills (X1), Critical thinking skills (X2), Creative thinking skills (X3), Communication Skills (X4), Collaboration Skills (X5) which affect Job Achievement (Y). The method used in this study is the Literacy Research Method (Research Literacy) which is carried out with the Quantitative Survey Method. The results showed that the aspects of skills were important and had a very linear effect in increasing job achievement while working.
Oil Spill Detection Using Machine Learning and Infrared Images

The detection of oil spills in water is a frequently researched area, but most of the research has been based on very large patches of crude oil on offshore areas. We present a novel framework for detecting oil spills inside a port environment, while using unmanned areal vehicles (UAV) and a thermal infrared (IR) camera. This framework is split into a training part and an operational part. In the training part, we present a process for automatically annotating RGB images and matching them with the IR images in order to create a dataset. The infrared imaging camera is crucial to be able to detect oil spills during nighttime. This dataset is then used to train on a convolutional neural network (CNN). Seven different CNN segmentation architectures and eight different feature extractors are tested in order to find the best suited combination for this task. In the operational part, we propose a method to have a real-time, onboard UAV oil spill detection using the pre-trained network and a low power interference device. A controlled experiment in the port of Antwerp showed that we are able to achieve an accuracy of 89% while only using the IR camera.
Characterization of tomato accessions for morphological, agronomic, fruit quality, and virus resistance traits

Abstract: Characterization of local germplasm is an effective way to identify elite breeding material and develop improved varieties. This study was aimed to assess 52 tomato accessions comprised of local varieties (28), landraces (8), breeding lines (14), and wild relatives (2), and their characterization for 30 morphological/agronomic, four fruit quality, and tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) resistance traits. Morphological, quality, and ToMV traits were evaluated using phenotyping, biochemical assays, and molecular markers, respectively. Fruit shape and size showed appreciable variation, with fruits varying from rounded to heart shaped and small to big size. Significant variation was observed for fruit weight (1.6–564.8 g), fruits per plant (6.0–174.7), productivity (130.5–5146.5 g), soluble solids (4.1%–8.4%), vitamin C (9.5–46.4 mg·100 g−1), antioxidant activity (2.5–9.6 μmol Fe2+·g−1 fresh weight), and total polyphenols (23.9–124.2 GAE·100 g−1 fresh weight). All accessions were phenotypically screened for the virus resistance in the growth chamber, and CAPS molecular markers were used to identify accessions with ToMV Tm-22 resistant alleles, and accessions LYC-13, LYC-15, LYC-17, LYC-26, and LYC-52 were identified as resistant. Multivariate analysis of morphological and quality traits showed that 35 principal components contributed to the total variation and the first two and 12 principal components explained 47.2% and 90% of the variation, respectively. The evaluated tomato collection appears to have breeding potential, and around 20% of the accessions in the collection (LYC-6, LYC-17, LYC-18, LYC-26 to LYC-31, and LYC 33) are promising genetic resources for variety development that are enriched with enhanced fruit quality and high yield.
Impact of attitude towards entrepreneurship education and role models on entrepreneurial intention

In this paper, we investigate entrepreneurial intention by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by Ajzen ( 1991 ). We specifically examine the role of gender on entrepreneurial education and role models or parental self-employment (PSE), by carrying out a multi-group analysis (MGA). We used a web-based questionnaire to collect information from 216 students at a Spanish university. Data are analysed with the help of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)–Partial Least Square (PLS). We conducted a tripartite analysis on Complete, Male, and Female Models. Regarding the Complete and Male Models, all the primary hypotheses (5 in total) were accepted, compared with four for the Female Model. In this study, the primary hypotheses focus on the core variables of the TPB. We recommend the institutionalization of traineeship, elective courses, conference and workshops on entrepreneurship to boost the entrepreneurial spirit of students. Though this study has confirmed the applicability of the TPB model to entrepreneurial intention, we did not find a significant relationship between Males and Females about their entrepreneurial intentions for some relationships. However, this study suggests that the relationship between PSE and perceived behavioural control (PBC) is stronger for Males than Females Our results have implications for entrepreneurship education scholars, program evaluators, and policymakers.
Shoulder Injury after Vaccination: A Systematic Review

Resumo As reações adversas às injeções de vacina tendem a ser brandas e são incrivelmente raras. No entanto, vários casos de eventos em ombros, como bursite, dor generalizada ou diminuição da amplitude de movimento, foram relatados após vacinações de rotina. Esses eventos são conhecidos como lesões em ombro relacionadas à administração de vacina (SIRVA, do inglês shoulder injury related to vaccine administration). Uma revisão sistemática da literatura foi realizada para identificar todos os relatos publicados de SIRVA. Vinte e sete artigos que relataram um ou mais casos de SIRVA foram encontrados. A vacina mais comumente citada foi a vacina contra influenza. Os sintomas mais comuns foram dor com início em até 48 horas e perda da amplitude de movimento do ombro. As modalidades de tratamento mais comuns foram fisioterapia, injeções de corticosteroides e administração de medicamentos anti-inflamatórios; alguns pacientes, porém, precisaram de cirurgia. Independentemente da intervenção, a grande maioria dos casos apresentou melhora da dor e da função, à exceção dos pacientes com lesão nervosa. A SIRVA tem múltiplas possíveis etiologias, inclusive comprimento da agulha, lesão mecânica por penetração excessiva da agulha e resposta inflamatória aos componentes da vacina; no entanto, ainda não há um exame definitivo ou resultado quantificável. Abstract Adverse reactions to vaccine injections are usually mild and incredibly rare in nature, but multiple cases of shoulder events including bursitis, generalized pain or decreased range of motion have been reported following routine vaccine administrations. These events are known as Shoulder Injury Related to Vaccine Administration or SIRVA. A systematic review of literature was performed to identify all published accounts of SIRVA. Twenty-seven papers reporting one or more accounts of SIRVA were identified. The most common vaccination involved was the Influenza vaccine. The most common symptoms were pain that began in 48 hours or less and loss of shoulder range of motion. The most common treatment modalities were physical therapy, corticosteroid injections and anti-inflammatory medication; but in some patients, surgery was required. Regardless of intervention, the vast majority of outcomes demonstrated improved pain and functional except in the occasions of nerve injury. The etiology of SIRVA injuries has multiple possibilities including needle length, mechanical injury from needle overpenetration and the possibility of an immune inflammatory response from the vaccine components, but a unique definitive test or quantifiably result does not yet exist.
The Shape of Belief: Developing a Mousetracking-Based Relational Implicit Measure

The Propositional Evaluation Paradigm (PEP) has recently shown promise as a relational implicit measure (i.e., an implicit measure which can specify how stimuli are related). Whereas the standard PEP measures response times, mousetracking is becoming increasingly popular for quantifying response competition, with distinct advantages beyond response times. Across four preregistered experiments (N = 737), we interface the utility of the PEP method with the unique benefits of mousetracking by developing a mousetracking PEP (MT-PEP). The MT-PEP very effectively captured group-level beliefs across domains (Experiments 1–4). It produced larger effects (Experiment 3), exhibited superior predictive validity (Experiment 3), and better split-half reliability (Experiments 3–4) than the standard PEP. Both PEPs appear to be intentionally controllable, particularly the MT-PEP (Experiments 3–4). Nevertheless, the MT-PEP shows strong potential in capturing relational information and may be considered implicit in the sense of capturing fast and unaware (but not unintentional) responding.
Penicillium ulleungdoense sp. nov. from Ulleung Island in Korea

Abstract In a study of the fungal diversity on Ulleung Island in Korea, three novel strains of Penicillium were isolated. Different sites on Ulleung Island were selected for collecting endophytic fungi, and three endophytic fungal strains showed unique morphological characteristics. DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, calmodulin, and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit regions of the strains were analyzed and they showed unique taxonomic position from the other species of Penicillium section Sclerotiora. The new strains were named Penicillium ulleungdoense sp. nov. As the novel endophytic Penicillium taxa were discovered in a unique environment, the data could be meaningful for understanding the geographical distribution of Ascomycetes on Ulleung Island.
The Determinants of Cash Conversion Cycle and Firm Performance: An Empirical Research for Borsa Istanbul Turkey

The ultimate goal of firms is to make a profit and to achieve this ultimate goal, firms execute various functions. Finance is one of the basic functions of firms and firms need financial instruments such as cash reserve and outsource to carry out their activities. Cash management within the finance function is an important issue that needs to be carefully considered, especially in the short and medium term financial planning stage. Presently, the high competition among firms forces companies to manage their cash in the most effective way. The conceptual studies on the subject are quite old and date back to Keynes. According to Keynes, firms demand cash for transaction, prudence and speculation. As a result of analysis, it has been determined that cash conversion cycle has an impact on return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). There is a statistically significant and negative relationship between cash conversion cycle (CCC) return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). In addition, there is a positive relationship between return on assets (ROA) and firm size while there is a negative and statistically significant relationship between debt ratio (DEBT) and return on assets (ROA).
Understanding Hydrodechlorination of Chloromethanes. Past and Future of the Technology

Chloromethanes are a group of volatile organic compounds that are harmful to the environment and human health. Abundant studies have verified that hydrodechlorination might be an effective treatment to remove these chlorinated pollutants. The most outstanding advantages of this technique are the moderate operating conditions used and the possibility of obtaining less hazardous valuable products. This review presents a global analysis of experimental and theoretical studies regarding the hydrodechlorination of chloromethanes. The catalysts used and their synthesis methods are summarized. Their physicochemical properties are analyzed in order to deeply understand their influence on the catalytic performance. Moreover, the main causes of the catalyst deactivation are explained, and prevention and regeneration methods are suggested. The reaction systems used and the effect of the operating conditions on the catalytic activity are also analyzed. Besides, the mechanisms and kinetics of the process at the atomic level are reviewed. Finally, a new perspective for the upgrading of chloromethanes, via hydrodechlorination, to valuable hydrocarbons for industry, such as light olefins, is discussed.
Family Socioeconomic Determinants and Students’ Demand for Private Supplementary Tutoring in English in Urban and Rural Bangladesh

The article examines family socioeconomic determinants that stimulate students’ demand for private supplementary tutoring in English in urban and rural areas. It identifies the scale disparities of tutoring demand factors between urban and rural settings. Usually private supplementary tutoring is called shadow education that parallels mainstream school education before or after school hours on extra fee basis. This study found in a 2014–2015 survey that 84.7% urban and 60.7% rural secondary students received private supplementary tutoring in English. The research employed an explanatory sequential mixed method design including quantitative and qualitative data collected from a survey and individual interview. In spite of emergence of tutoring demand, a few students could not be capable to receive private English tutoring. Family socioeconomic standpoints shake forms of students’ claims for learning through tutoring. The study draws on Bourdieu’s theory of capital, which is then linked with family ability for children’s tutoring.
Local Institutions and Climate Change Adaptation: Appraising Dysfunctional and Functional Roles of Local Institutions from the Bilate Basin Agropastoral Livelihood Zone of Sidama, Southern Ethiopia

This study aimed to appraise the role of local institutions in adaptation to changing climate at the local level in the Bilate Basin Agropastoral Livelihood Zone of Ethiopia. Thirty-one years of climate data were analyzed by employing the Mann–Kendall trend and Sen’s slope test techniques. The survey was conducted on 400 households that were systematically randomized from 7066 households, while community-level data were collected through the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) technique. The entire analysis was framed by a tetragonal model. The results of the analysis indicated that temperature exhibited a significantly increasing trend, while rainfall, which is statistically related to temperature, showed a decreasing trend, resulting in lingering droughts and human and animal diseases. Major livestock declined by 69%. As a response, while Sidama indigenous institutions were well-functioning and nurtured through local knowledge, and the governmental and civic ones were entrenched with various limitations. Contextual fitness and compatibility, interplay, inclusiveness, and sustainability of their operations in temporal and spatial scales were some of their limitations. Therefore, federal and local governments should focus on monitoring, evaluating, and learning aspects of their grand strategies, review general education, farmers’ credit, and civic institutions’ governance policies and strengthen the synergy of civic, government, and indigenous institutions.
Investigation of dielectric and optical properties of pure and diamond nanoparticles dispersed nematic liquid-crystal PCH5

ABSTRACT In the present work, we have dispersed diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) in nematic liquid crystal 4-(Trans-4ʹ-n-Pentylcyclohexyl) Benzonitrile (PCH5) and studied the dielectric and optical properties of pure and DNPs dispersed nematic systems. We have investigated the effect of dispersion of DNPs (concentrations 0.5 and 1.0 wt%) in nematic liquid crystals (NLC) PCH5 on the dielectric permittivity, dielectric loss, dielectric anisotropy, photoluminescence, UV-Vis absorbance. It has been found that these properties are influenced by the dispersion of DNPs in nematic PCH5 system and applied electric field. Due to the dispersion of DNPs (1.0 wt% concentration) in PCH5, a significant decrease in the relative permittivity occurs. The relaxation peaks of dielectric loss shifts towards higher frequency side for NLC-DNPs composites. The dielectric anisotropy has been found to decrease with the dispersion of DNPs into pure NLC. The PL emission and UV-Vis absorbance for the dispersed systems have been decreased. An effort has been made to explain the observed results on the basis of interaction between nematic molecules and diamond NPs. The possible applications have also been suggested for the dispersed systems in this study. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Why Teach Creative Writing? Examining the Challenges of Its Pedagogies

ABSTRACT This article examines the deeper purposes behind the teaching of creative writing. To extend an analogy created by William Blake in his poem ‘The Tyger’, its furnaces are examined and its ‘deadly terrors’ clasped. It re-interprets the different views of teaching English, as drawn up in the United Kingdom’s Cox Report. It argues that these views can be used to help pedagogues consider why they are teaching creative writing, design lessons and reflect upon practice. Significantly, it offers a contemporary reworking of the views. In brief, it suggests that different creative writing teachers aim to: Facilitate their students’ personal growth and healing Encourage the exploration of unknown topics ? Help their students sell their writing Connect them with significant texts and well-established creative writing processes and practices Foster critique about the world through their writing ? Cultivate profound learning
Atomic Layer Deposition of Al2O3 onto Sn-Doped In2O3: Absence of Self-Limited Adsorption during Initial Growth by Oxygen Diffusion from the Substrate and Band Offset Modification by Fermi Level Pinning in Al2O3

The growth of Al2O3 onto Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was studied in situ using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Significant diffusion of oxygen from the substrate destroys the self-terminated monolayer adsorption of the metal precursor and results in a nominal initial growth per cycle of >1 nm. The observed mechanism precludes the preparation of monolayer thick Al2O3 films on ITO substrates by ALD. The energy band alignment at the ITO/Al2O3 interface is significantly different from that obtained when magnetron sputtering is used for the deposition of Al2O3 onto ITO [Gassenbauer et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.2009, 11, 3049]. The difference is attributed to a pinning of the Fermi level in the ALD-Al2O3 layer close to midgap, which is attributed to the incorporation of hydrogen in the film during growth.