Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PPA_A_348790 265..284

Background: Vietnam’s economy and intellectual standards have witnessed significant development, improving conditions for residents to acquire novel mHealth applications. Additionally, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced Vietnamese awareness of healthcare; however, previous studies have only been clinician-centered rather than customer-centered. Methods: This study addresses this literature gap by interviewing 50 Vietnamese participants grouped by age, namely Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z, and health conditions, namely whether participants or family members have chronic illness. The study utilized semi-structured and in-depth interviews to collect the data and used thematic analysis to analyze the data under the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology framework. Results:Most participants were willing to adopt this technology and demanded a convenient and user-friendly one-stop-shop solution, endorsements from credible and authoritative sources, and professional customer services. However, each group also had distinctive demands and behaviors. Conclusion: This study contributes theoretically by providing context-rich demand for Vietnamese customers across three generations and healthcare conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic and comparing their behavior with pre-COVID literature. While this research provides helpful information for potential app developers, this study also suggests that mHealth developers and policymakers should pay more attention to the differences in the demand of age groups and health conditions.
Simulation in the College Classroom: Enhancing the Survey Research Methods Learning Process

In a typical higher education research course, the instructor is often unable to offer students a full survey research experience due to time, resource, and budget constraints. Even if the context of the survey study is manageable during the timeframe of the semester and appropriate resources are available, the cost of actually collecting data is not always financially feasible for most students. This presents a challenge for educators to create projects that permit students to learn and practice important research skills within given constraints.In this article, we document our reflections and those of our fellow students in a graduate research class as examples of how using the simulation method has the potential to enhance learning about survey research methods. A simulation project was conducted in two different graduate-level courses at New York University using the same Web-based survey tool, Survey Monkey, as a way to enhance class survey research projects and support students’ experiential learning processes. Findings revealed that simulation projects helped students experience the full range of a survey research effort-from initial problem development and survey construction to survey distribution and data analysis. Additionally, because of the ability of the survey tool to offer immediate feedback, simulation via similar tools seems to be a better instructional fit than more traditional instructional methods, since it provides a more definitive construct from which focused classroom discussion and teacher guidance can evolve.
Kasper: Scanning for Generalized Transient Execution Gadgets in the Linux Kernel

—Due to the high cost of serializing instructions to mitigate Spectre-like attacks on mispredicted conditional branches (Spectre-PHT), developers of critical software such as the Linux kernel selectively apply such mitigations with annotations to code paths they assume to be dangerous under speculative execution. The approach leads to incomplete protection as it applies mitigations only to easy-to-spot gadgets. Still, until now, this was sufﬁcient, because existing gadget scanners (and kernel developers) are pattern-driven: they look for known exploit signatures and cannot detect more generic gadgets. In this paper, we abandon pattern scanning for an approach that models the essential steps used in speculative execution attacks, allowing us to ﬁnd more generic gadgets—well beyond the reach of existing scanners. In particular, we present K ASPER , a speculative execution gadget scanner that uses taint analysis policies to model an attacker capable of exploiting arbitrary software/hardware vulnerabilities on a transient path to control data (e.g., through memory massaging or LVI), access secrets (e.g., through out-of-bounds or use-after-free accesses), and leak these secrets (e.g., through cache-based, MDS-based, or port contention-based covert channels). Finally, where existing solutions target user programs, K ASPER ﬁnds gadgets in the kernel, a higher-value attack target, but also more complicated to analyze. Even though the kernel is heavily hardened against transient execution attacks, K ASPER ﬁnds 1379 gadgets that are not yet mitigated. We conﬁrm our ﬁndings by demonstrating an end-to-end proof-of-concept exploit for one of the gadgets found by K ASPER .
Who Is Running in the D-A-CH Countries? An Epidemiological Approach of 2455 Omnivorous, Vegetarian, and Vegan Recreational Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 1)

Accompanied by the growing popularity of distance running, the prevalence of vegan and vegetarian diets in endurance runners has increased across the globe and especially in German-speaking (D-A-CH: Germany, Austria, Switzerland) countries. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the epidemiological characteristics associated with diet types and running behaviors of recreational endurance runners. From a total number of 7422 runners who started to fill in the online survey, 3835 runners completed the questionnaire. After data clearance, 2455 distance runners (mean age: 37 years; 56% females, 44% males) were selected as the final sample and classified as 1162 omnivores (47.4%), 529 vegetarians (21.5%), and 764 vegans (31.1%). Sociodemographic information and general characteristics in training and competition were evaluated using a questionnaire-based approach. A significant association was found between diet type and race distance (p < 0.001). In females, vegan ultra-marathoners and omnivorous half-marathoners had better individual running records among dietary groups. Sex differences in running performance had a minimizing trend with increasing race distance. Most runners reported independent race preparation (90%) over less than four months (73%). From an epidemiological viewpoint, the present findings suggest a central role of plant-based diets in running performance and behaviors among active distance runners in D-A-CH countries and that vegetarian and vegan diets are compatible with competitive running.
International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, Nov-2021 ISSN (2226-8235) Vol-10, Issue 11

The research is a descriptive study which was aimed at evaluating how incentive policies will motivate and retain rural basic school teachers in Ghana. One hundred trained teachers in rural basic schools in the Akuapem Municipality of Ghana were selected for the study. This comprised of sixty-four (64) males and thirty-six (36) females. Convenience sampling technique was employed in selecting samples for the study. Questionnaire was the main research instrument employed by the researcher. Besides, all data collected were coded and entered into Statistical Product for Service Solution (SPSS) and the frequencies and percentages generated. The data presented in table 2 indicates that 89% of the respondents claimed that incentive policies are available for rural basic schools teachers. Results from the study in table 3 suggest that a huge percent of the respondents confirmed that limited years to qualify for study leave, provision of training supports, provision of accommodation, support from NGOs and the district assembly, presence of social amenities, recruitment of rural teachers from rural areas and enhancement in community participation in school management can retain teachers in rural areas. In the light of the findings, the following conclusions were drawn. It could be concluded that study leave with pay and retention/professional allowance are the incentive policies available for rural basic schools teachers.
Turbulent lubrication for hydrostatic thrust bearing with a circular recess.

This paper is concerned with the characteristics of hydrostatic thrust bearings operating in the turbulent regime. Using the calculated results of the three-dimensional turbulent mean velocity between a rotating disk and a fixed wall as already proposed, the pressure distribution, the load capacity and the oil flow rate of the hydrostatic thrust bearing with a circular recess are presented. Comparing the calculated results with the experimental ones, it has been found that the characteristics of the above bearing are little influenced by the transition to turbulence of the lubricant flow in the recess, but that the transition in the land produces an extreme change to the bearing characteristics such as the load capacity and the lubricant flow rate.
Does Descriptive Representation Narrow the Immigrant Gap in Turnout? A Comparative Study across 11 Western European Democracies

The political representation of citizens of immigrant origin in Western Europe has received much attention in recent years’ political science research. While existing research has advanced our understanding of the drivers of citizens of immigrant origins’ descriptive representation, a lot less is known about its consequences for citizens of immigrant origins’ electoral participation. This article intends to address this gap in the literature by conducting the first cross-country comparative study of whether migrant-specific descriptive representation can attenuate turnout gaps between citizens of immigrant origin and native-origin citizens in 11 Western European democracies. Linking data on migrant-specific descriptive representation in national parliaments with survey data provided by the European Social Survey, results suggest that turnout gaps tend to be lower in countries where descriptive representation is high. However, this relationship is contingent upon citizens of immigrant origin who consider themselves to be in an ethnic minority position, in which they frequently experience discrimination. By contrast, there is no evidence that descriptive representation matters for turnout levels of non-marginalised citizens of immigrant origin. The study sheds light on the widely overlooked link between descriptive representation and the immigrant gap in turnout levels and opens up several avenues for future research.
The influence of meteorological conditions on dairy production

Relatively little attention has been paid in the economics literature to the effects of meteorological conditions on milk production. Meteorological variables can be expected to affect milk production through their impact on the productivity of cows and foodstuff production. Rather than including meteorological variables as inputs in the milk production process, we propose a production function where temperature and humidity directly affect the productivity of cows and where a series of meteorological variables can affect the productivity of expenditure on foodstuff, thereby indirectly affecting milk production. Using production and meteorological data from the Spanish region of Asturias corresponding to 382 dairy farms observed during a 6-year period from 2006 to 2011, the results from our estimated production function show the important impact of meteorology on dairy production. On average, we find a difference of 10% in variable profits due to operating under favourable or unfavourable weather conditions.
Contemporary archaeology in conflict zones: The materiality of violence and the transformation of the urban space in Temuco, Chile during the social outburst

We have, during the Latin American spring, studied the material traces of state oppression and social movements in Temuco, Chile, and the transformation of the urban landscape with archaeological surveys. Our results demonstrate alterations in the urban landscape related to both police presence and protesters. Large amounts of teargas-projectiles and rubber bullets indicate strong police presence and repression of different social movements. We have also identified protection and resistance modes in the form of shields, paint bombs, and protective masks, often associated with graffiti's, barricades, and other alterations of the public space. Material vestiges combined with interviews have shown how state institutions have tried to cover up the traces of violence. We argue that archaeology can play a central role in this process and in recording the materiality of these events with the aim to hand over the information to human right associations to prevent state oppression.
Examining the Role of the Hiawatha Service in the Milwaukee-Chicago Corridor

In recent years, the policy and regulatory environment for intercity passenger rail in the United States has shifted dramatically. To support the resulting increase in intercity passenger rail planning activities, there is a need to understand the roles for passenger rail service in an intercity corridor, including who is using the service and how it is being used. Using on-board passenger survey data, this paper examines the role of the Hiawatha Service in the modal mix of the dense Milwaukee-Chicago intercity corridor. Primary trip purposes among Hiawatha Service travelers include personal trips, work commutes, and business trips. In the absence of the Hiawatha Service, more than 85 percent of passengers would travel via alternative travel modes. Consequently, it is estimated that the Hiawatha Service removes nearly 400,000 vehicles and 32 million vehicle-miles (51 million vehicle-km) traveled from the congested Milwaukee-Chicago corridor annually. As the nation moves forward with significant investment in intercity passenger rail, there are lessons to be learned from the Hiawatha Service, both for rail service planning and the formation of transportation policy. For rail planning, this research indicates that the proper service configurations can result in a variety of trip purposes being accommodated on the route; this raises additional challenges when considering service elements such as on-board amenities. From a policy perspective, these findings present a compelling argument for continued investment in intercity passenger rail because they demonstrate that the availability of high-quality passenger rail service in the right corridor can have meaningful impacts on highway congestion, regional economic development and job access, and air quality and greenhouse gas emissions.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
From Free Binding Energy Calculations of SARS-CoV-2—Receptor Interactions to Cellular Immune Responses

Our study focuses on free energy calculations of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding motives (RBMs) from wild type and variants of concern (VOCs), with emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. Our computational analysis underlines the occurrence of positive selection processes that specify Omicron host adaption and bring changes on the molecular level into context with clinically relevant observations. Our free energy calculation studies regarding the interaction of Omicron’s RBM with human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) indicate weaker binding to the receptor than Alpha’s or Delta’s RBMs. Upon weaker binding, fewer viruses are predicted to be generated in time per infected cell, resulting in a delayed induction of danger signals as a trade-off. Along with delayed immunogenicity and pathogenicity, more viruses may be produced in the upper respiratory tract, explaining enhanced transmissibility. Since in interdependence on the human leukocyte antigen type (HLA type), more SARS-CoV-2 Omicron viruses are assumed to be required to initiate inflammatory immune responses, and because of pre-existing partial immunity through previous infections and/or vaccinations, which mostly guard the lower respiratory tract, overall disease severity is expected to be reduced.
Temporal and spatial variability in contemporary Greenland warming (1958-2020)

In this study, 2 m or near-surface air temperature (T2m) products from atmospheric reanalysis ERA5 and the regional climate model RACMO2.3p2 over Greenland are compared to observations from staffed and Automated Weather Stations (AWS). The results show that (1) Greenland experienced both decadal periods of cooling and warming during 1958-2020, with an inflection point around the mid-1990s, and no significant warming after ~2005 except in the north and northeast; (2) In the full time series, the magnitude of the warming increases gradually from south to north, with peak warming found along the northeastern coast; (3) The most intense warming occurred in autumn and winter, notably in the northeast. (4) The correlations of T2m with the large-scale circulation indices NAO and GBI are highly significant, but gradually weaken from southwest to northeast Greenland. Under the background of Greenland rapidly warming, the shift from positive to negative NAO (negative to positive GBI) is critical to the sudden warming in Greenland since the mid-1990s.
Histological Grade and Tumor Stage Are Correlated with Expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa b (Rank) in Epithelial Ovarian Cancers

The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) is becoming recognized as a master regulator of tumorigenesis, yet its role in gynecological cancers remains mostly unexplored. We investigated whether there is a gradation of RANK protein and mRNA expression in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) according to malignancy and tumor staging. Immunohistochemical expression of RANK was examined in a cohort of 135 (benign n = 29, borderline n= 23 and malignant n = 83) EOCs. Wild type and truncated RANK mRNA isoform quantification was performed in a cohort of 168 (benign n = 26, borderline n = 13 and malignant n = 129) EOCs. RANK protein and mRNA values were increased in malignant vs. benign or borderline conditions across serous, mucinous and endometrioid cancer subtypes. Additionally, a trend of increased RANK values with staging was observed for the mucinous and serous histotype. Thus, increased expression of RANK appears associated with the evolution of disease to the onset of malignancy in EOC. Moreover, in some EOC histotypes, RANK expression is additionally associated with clinicopathological markers of tumor aggressiveness, suggesting a role in further progression of tumor activity.
Potential interference from broadband over power line (BPL) systems to federal government radiocommunications at 1.7-80 MHz - Phase 1 Study

The objectives of this technical study are to define interference risks from operation of BPL systems under field strength limits and associated compliance measurement procedures specified in Part 15 of the Commissions rules, identify interference risk mitigation techniques that may be employed by BPL manufacturers and system operators and, if appropriate, recommend modifications to Part 15 provisions that will reduce the interference risks.
Application of Pattern Mining Methods to Assess Exposures to Multiple Airborne Chemical Agents in Two Large Occupational Exposure Databases from France

Surveys of the French working population estimate that approximately 15% of all workers may be exposed to at least three different chemical agents, but the most prevalent coexposure situations and their associated health risks remain relatively understudied. To characterize occupational coexposure situations in France, we extracted personal measurement data from COLCHIC and SCOLA, two large administrative occupation exposure databases. We selected 118 chemical agents that had ≥100 measurements with detected concentrations over the period 2010–2019, including 31 carcinogens (IARC groups 1, 2A, and 2B). We grouped measurements by work situations (WS, combination of sector, occupation, task, and year). We characterized the mixtures across WS using frequent itemset mining and association rules mining. The 275,213 measurements extracted came from 32,670 WS and encompassing 4692 unique mixtures. Workers in 32% of all WS were exposed to ≥2 agents (median 3 agents/WS) and 13% of all WS contained ≥2 carcinogens (median 2 carcinogens/WS). The most frequent coexposures were ethylbenzene-xylene (1550 WS), quartz-cristobalite (1417 WS), and toluene-xylene (1305 WS). Prevalent combinations of carcinogens also included hexavalent chromium-lead (368 WS) and benzene-ethylbenzene (314 WS). Wood dust (6% of WS exposed to at least one other agent) and asbestos (8%) had the least amount of WS coexposed with other agents. Tasks with the highest proportions of coexposure to carcinogens include electric arc welding (37% of WS with coexposure), polymerization and distillation (34%), and construction drilling and excavating (34%). Overall, the coexposure to multiple chemical agents, including carcinogens, was highly prevalent in the databases, and should be taken into account when assessing exposure risks in the workplace.
Assessment of Liver Functions Parameters of Asymptomatic Apparently Healthy Hepatitis B Virus Carriers among Voluntary Blood Donors in Some Parts of Nigeria

Several studies have been conducted on hepatitis B virus and its manifestations including its effect on organ functions. Hepatitis B virus is a hepatotropic virus which courses inflammations of the liver and other complications such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver failure and death, this study assessed the effect of hepatitis B virus on liver functions in asymptomatic blood donors in some towns within three (3) geo-political zones in Nigeria. Method: A total of 183 subjects consisting of 137 males and 46 females participated in the North Central geopolitical zone: 176 subjects consisting of 129 males and 47 females participated in the North East, while 173 subjects consisting of 123 males and females participated in the South South Zone. The mean age of the subjects were 34.89 _+ 9.19 years for the three zones respectively. Blood sample were collected from the subjects and tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and also Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) to rule out co-infection using ELISA. All samples were analysed for liver function parameter such as Total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, total protein, Albumin, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alannie Aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), using Chemwell 2910 fully Automated chemistry analyser. The results were analysed using statistical analysis system (SAS, STAT 15.1), and p values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean values of total protein, albumin total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin aspirant aminotransferase (AST & ALT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) did not vary significantly (P 005) between the hepatitis B virus negative and hepatitis B virus positive subjects across the geopolitical zones studied. However, the variation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significant (p > 0.014) between the two treatment groups across the three geopolitical zones, but the margin was not wide enough to draw clinical .
Sequential Identification of Technological News Shocks

In an influential recent paper, Beaudry and Portier (2006) propose a sequential approach for identifying technological news shocks. Thereby, the correlation coefficient between news shocks of a short-run identification scheme and technology shocks of a long-run identification scheme in the VAR framework measures the extent to which news incorporated into forward-looking variables could reflect future technological developments. While structural VARs can potentially provide a useful guide for modelers as well as policy-makers, the ability of such models to recuperate structural shocks in general and news shocks in particular from the data is a contentious issue in the literature. In the current paper, I find by means of Monte Carlo simulations that the sequential approach can be quite successful in recuperating technological news shocks from artificial data.