Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Full Recovery after Multiple Treatments with Injectable Ice Slurry

Background Cryoneurolysis uses tissue cooling as an opioid-sparing, long-lasting treatment for peripheral nerve pain. A nerve-selective method for cryoneurolysis by local injection of ice-slurry was developed to allow cryoneurolysis to be performed with a standard needle and syringe, similar to peripheral nerve blocks. Since the treatment of patients with chronic pain may require repeated injections, we investigated the safety and tolerance of repeated treatments in a rat model. Methods Three repeated ice-slurry treatments, given 6 weeks apart were performed around the rat sciatic nerve. Nerve and surrounding tissues were collected up to 4 months after the third treatment for analysis. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy was used to study effects on myelin sheaths and axon structure. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was used to study effects on axon density. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was used to examine histologic effects on sciatic nerve and surrounding tissue. Results Histologic and CARS image analysis of nerve tissue collected months after three injections demonstrated recovery of nerve structure, myelin organization and axon density to baseline levels, without any residual inflammation, scarring or neuroma formation. No inflammation or scarring was detected in surrounding skin and muscle tissues. Conclusion Repeated ice-slurry injections cause temporary, nerve-selective and reversible changes in the peripheral nerve. There was no histologic damage to surrounding skin and muscle tissues. Repeated treatments with injectable ice-slurry for cryoneurolysis appear to be safe and well tolerated. Clinical studies for patients with chronic pain are warranted.
Metabolism and Bioavailability of Olive Bioactive Constituents Based on In Vitro, In Vivo and Human Studies

Consumption of olive products has been established as a health-promoting dietary pattern due to their high content in compounds with eminent pharmacological properties and well-described bioactivities. However, their metabolism has not yet been fully described. The present critical review aimed to gather all scientific data of the past two decades regarding the absorption and metabolism of the foremost olive compounds, specifically of the phenylalcohols hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and tyrosol (Tyr) and the secoiridoids oleacein (Olea), oleocanthal (Oleo) and oleuropein (Oleu). A meticulous record of the in vitro assays and in vivo (animals and humans) studies of the characteristic olive compounds was cited, and a critical discussion on their bioavailability and metabolism was performed taking into account data from their gut microbial metabolism. The existing critical review summarizes the existing knowledge regarding the bioavailability and metabolism of olive-characteristic phenylalchohols and secoiridoids and spotlights the lack of data for specific chemical groups and compounds. Critical observations and conclusions were derived from correlating structure with bioavailability data, while results from in vitro, animal and human studies were compared and discussed, giving significant insight to the future design of research approaches for the total bioavailability and metabolism exploration thereof.
Palynological expression about Permian-Triassic transition in the Talcher Coalfield, Orissa, India

A Permian-Triassic palynofloral transition is recorded in Borehole TP-8, Talcher Coalfield, Orissa, India. The change of palynoflora from Late Permian to Early Triassic is gradual and not abrupt. The variation in the pattern of changeover of the palynomorph distribution at P/Tr transition in Talcher Coalfield, Mahanadi Basin and Raniganj Coalfield, Damodar Basin is discussed.
Achieving 1% photometric accuracy with the ESO Wide Field Imager

over 340 frames per night for a programme with a constant integration time of 30 s and no guiding. Such data rates put extreme stress on the operation, and more efficient data archiving methods are urgently needed. We have also recently experimented with a survey modality of observation, which allows the Visiting Astronomers to align their offsets along lines of constant declination and right ascension for an equinox of their choice, and to specify offsets of any size in their templates. This modality, together with the proper rotation of the instrument will allow for the very precise repetition of previous observations of a large field. We expect to offer these improvements for P68. One of the main motivations and driving forces behind the development of the VLT-style OS for the WFI is the decision of bringing the WFI to full service mode for period 68. As of this writing (beginning of Period 67), 20% of the assigned time is for service-mode observations. During this time the Team is gaining practice in the use of observing tools such as BOB, P2PP, and OT, to carry out the observations, and it is still getting some of the bugs out of the system. As mentioned above, among the challenges that we face is the proper data archiving. ESO’s Data Management Division is planning to install during July this year the first prototypes of their Next Generation Archive System Technologies, NGAST, units at the 2.2-m telescope. This prototype uses swapable SCSI-IDE magnetic disk technology based on a Linux PC system. The next period with full service mode will be quite challenging, and if it is to succeed it will need the close collaboration between the team in charge of the WFI, the other support teams at La Silla, and the Data Management Division of ESO at Garching. These have certainly been challenging and interesting times and we are motivated by the support of the user community, and of everybody involved. The backing up of reduced data is their responsibility. The team is working on an automatic scheme to save data on the w2p2dhs and the w2p2off machines simultaneously to the taking of the data. The main routine has been written and is in the process of debugging. Once they have been fully tested out we will need to assess their impact on the observing efficiency.
Scaling up community college baccalaureates in Washington State: Labor market outcomes and equity implications for higher education

Community and technical colleges in Washington state were early adopters in the growing trend to offer bachelor’s degrees, actively expanding these degrees over the last 15 years. This study describes the evolving state policy landscape on community college baccalaureate (CCB) degrees in Washington in certain programs previously classified as terminal career-technical education and assesses labor market outcomes for graduates of three high-demand program areas conferring these degrees. Comparing bachelor’s graduates of community colleges to regional university graduates, CCB graduates demonstrated slightly higher employment and earnings in the first quarter post-graduation. However, university graduates caught up to approximately the same or slightly higher earnings as CCB graduates by three years post-graduation. Differences in age and prior work experience of graduates in the two groups may help explain these findings but variation in employment and earnings by gender and race were persistent for both groups, with pronounced disparities for female and some racially minoritized graduates. These findings can inform state policy on baccalaureate attainment, CCB degrees as well as university bachelor’s degrees, to help address inequities in higher education. Future studies evaluating the effects of college degrees on employment and earnings may also be enriched by these results.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Retail in City Centres

Over the past few decades, city centres and their retail spaces have undergone significant changes and have struggled to remain economically viable. The COVID-19 pandemic and the public health response to the crisis have exacerbated this situation and posed a serious challenge to the already economically struggling city centres. Recommendations for how city centres should respond to the current crisis are urgently needed, but despite this, few studies have focused on the impact of COVID-19 on retailing in city centres. This paper conducts a systematic review to provide a better understanding of how retail in city centres has been affected by the pandemic. It also offers insights to support better decision making about the future of retailing in city centres and provides recommendations for ensuring a sustainable future for city centres. The review, conducted between the 20th of November 2021 and the 20th of January 2022, shows that the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent public health response have intensified some considerable changes in customer preferences and the role of city centres. As a result of these changes, more retailers have adopted multichannel retailing and repositioning strategies. This paper concludes that in order to create vibrant and sustainable city centres post-pandemic, decision makers should support the repurposing of vacant and underperforming retail spaces, promote an experience economy, and create episodic retail spaces.
Comparative Study of Hypo-Fractionated Radiotherapy Versus Conventional Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer causing death among females worldwide. Radiotherapy after lumpectomy/mastectomy in breast cancer cases is a successful treatment modality taking five weeks to complete. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in breast cancer patients with conventional radiotherapy with respect to outcome and toxicity. Methods: Sixty patients were randomly divided equally into a conventional group, Group A (dose: 50 Gy in 25 fractions), and a hypo-fractionated short-course radiotherapy group, Group B (dose: 40 Gy in 16 fractions). After thorough clinical and laboratory examination of all patients, the disease status was assessed prior to radiotherapy and three and six months after completion of radiotherapy. The cardiopulmonary function was assessed using echocardiography and pulmonary function tests prior to the procedure. The assessment of the development of toxicity (dysphagia, skin, lung, and lymphedema) was done during every clinical visit. Results: The mean age of patients was 53.28 ± 9.73 years in Group A, and 55.67 ± 10.41 years in Group B (p=0.82). The right breast was involved in 13 (43.4%) patients in Group A and 14 (46.6%) in Group B, and the left breast was involved n 17 (56.6%) patients in Group A and 16 (53.4%) in Group B (p=0.81). Most of the patients were post-menopausal; 24 (80%) in Group A and 25 (83.4%) in Group B (p=0.91). Eleven (36.6%) patients were of stage T2N1M0 in both groups. However, no statistical difference was observed between the groups in the TNM (tumor, node, and metastasis) staging using the AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) criteria (p=0.26). On comparing the responses in Group A and Group B, no significant difference was observed in either of the groups from immediate post-treatment to the 12-month follow-up period (p=0.53 and p=0.64, respectively). Conclusion: Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy is as effective as conventional radiotherapy and can be used as an alternative method for treatment following breast cancer surgery.
MXene incorporated nanofluids for energy conversion performance augmentation of a concentrated photovoltaic/thermal solar collector

This research work introduces emerging two‐dimensional (2D) MXene (Ti3C2) and Therminol55 oil‐based mono and hybrid nanofluids for concentrated photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/T) solar systems. This study focuses on the experimental formulation, characterization of properties, and performance evaluation of the nanofluid‐based CPV/T system. Thermo‐physical (conductivity, viscosity, and rheology), optical (UV‐vis and FT‐IR), and stability (Zeta potential and TGA) properties of the formulated nanofluids are characterized at 0.025 wt. % to 0.125 wt. % concentrations of dispersed particles using experimental analysis. By suspending the nanomaterials, photo‐thermal energy conversion is improved considerably, up to 85.98%. The thermal conductivity of pure oil is increased by adding Ti3C2 and CuO nanomaterials. The highest enhancements of up to 84.55% and 80.03% are observed for the TH‐55/Ti3C2 and TH‐55/Ti3C2 + CuO nanofluids, respectively. Furthermore, dynamic viscosity decreased dramatically over the temperature range investigated (25°C‐105°C), and the nanofluid exhibited dominant Newtonian flow behavior as viscosity remained nearly constant up to a shear rate of 100 s−1. Numerical simulations of the experimentally evaluated nanofluids are performed to evaluate the effect on a CPV/T collector using a three‐dimensional transient model. The numerical analysis revealed significant improvements in thermal and electrical energy conversion performance, as well as cooling effects. At a concentrated solar irradiance of 5000 W/m2 and an optimal flow rate of 3 L/min, the highest thermal and electrical energy conversion efficiency enhancements are found to be 12.8% and 2%, respectively.
Predicting Outcome in Patients with Brain Injury: Differences between Machine Learning versus Conventional Statistics

Defining reliable tools for early prediction of outcome is the main target for physicians to guide care decisions in patients with brain injury. The application of machine learning (ML) is rapidly increasing in this field of study, but with a poor translation to clinical practice. This is basically dependent on the uncertainty about the advantages of this novel technique with respect to traditional approaches. In this review we address the main differences between ML techniques and traditional statistics (such as logistic regression, LR) applied for predicting outcome in patients with stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Thirteen papers directly addressing the different performance among ML and LR methods were included in this review. Basically, ML algorithms do not outperform traditional regression approaches for outcome prediction in brain injury. Better performance of specific ML algorithms (such as Artificial neural networks) was mainly described in the stroke domain, but the high heterogeneity in features extracted from low-dimensional clinical data reduces the enthusiasm for applying this powerful method in clinical practice. To better capture and predict the dynamic changes in patients with brain injury during intensive care courses ML algorithms should be extended to high-dimensional data extracted from neuroimaging (structural and fMRI), EEG and genetics.
Genetic Algorithms in Electromagnetism : The Helmholtz Coils

In this work, the modified genetic algorithm has been applied to solve the Helmholtz coil problem. The task of the algorithm was to determine the radius of the coils and the distance between them, which would assure that a priori assumed level of non-homogeneity of magnetic field is maintained. In the implemented genetic algorithm, the ternary system of representation has been used. Based on the results of performed experiments, the accuracy, efficiency and usefulness of the proposed algorithm has been assessed.
STUDIEIS ON RUMEN METABOLISM I- EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DIETARY NITROGEN SOURCES ON THE FATTENING PERFORMANCE OF FINN-OSSIMI CROSSBRED MALE LAMBS.

Thirty-six Finn-Ossimi crossbred male lambs with an average live body weight of 22 kg and 4 months age were randomly assigned to 6 nutritional groups each of 6 animals. Six mixed rations based on bean straw were formulated to be isonitrogenoues and isocaloric so as to provide 14% CP and 64% TDN according to NRC (1985) recommendations. Soybean meal (SBM), corn gluten meal (CGM) and cotton seed meal (CSM) were used as the sole dietary protein source or it was partially substituted by urea (U) at 1% level. Experimental animals were allotted to one of the following rations in a fattening trial for 106 days; Tr1 SBM, Tr2 CGM, Tr3 CSM, Tr4 SBM + 1%U, Tr5 CGM + 1%U and Tr6 CSM + 1%U. A digestibility trial and nitrogen balance were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of the experimental rations. Results obtained showed that: It was concluded that to maintain maximum feed efficiency of a resistant dietary nitrogen source; inclusion of rapidly degradable N i.e. urea should be considered.
REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG RURAL SCHOOLCHILDREN IN SOUTH EGYPT

Background: Visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive errors (RE) represents a major cause of correctable blindness that affects a wide range of children worldwide. Delay in diagnosis and correction can have serious impacts on the quality of life and socioeconomic development of the affected children. There is increasing needs for screening programs to document the prevalence, types and extent of refractive errors. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, types and extent of refractive errors among the rural schoolchildren in South Egypt. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 6333 students of 10 primary schools in rural areas of three governorates in South (Upper) Egypt (Qena, Luxor and Aswan) were screened and their cycloplegic refraction had been determined. Results: Refractive errors were found in 519 students with overall prevalence of 8.2%. The frequency increased significantly among younger age students ( ≤ 8 years) compared to elder children (> 8 years old) (9.9% and 7.7% respectively) and between inhabitants of Aswan compared to Luxor and Qena governorates (10.9%, 6.3% and 7.7% respectively) with no significant difference between female and male students. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors among rural schoolchildren in South Egypt was found to be 8.2%. Astigmatism was the most commonly reported type of RE followed by myopia and lastly hypermetropia. The study recommends regular screening for RE between schoolchildren together with education to students, their tutors and guardians about the importance of early management of that problem. anisometropia, amblyopia, Upper Egypt.
Modelling of extreme uniform temperature for high-speed railway bridge piers using maximum entropy and field monitoring

Due to the atmospheric temperature and solar radiation, the effects of temperature variation in bridge structures should be considered. Such variation induces notable deformations and movements, jeopardizing the safety of bridges and high-speed trains operations. However, the temperature action is a random process and its distribution is difficult to determine. The existing methods for analyzing structural temperatures are insufficient to meet the precision requirement. Therefore, the accurate prediction of extreme structural temperatures relates to the accurate evaluation on the bridge safety. This paper proposes a robust and accurate model for predicting the extreme structural temperature of a bridge. A field experiment, spanning over 2 years, was carried out on a high-speed railway bridge; and the long-term (56-years) atmospheric temperature data was adopted. Probabilistic models for the structural temperature were established using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model and the Generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) model; and the predictions on the uniform structural temperature (T u ) with 50 and 100 years return periods are presented. Additionally, the performance between the MaxEnt model and the GPD model is compared, based on the estimates with different return levels. The results show that the MaxEnt model is more stable and is significantly robust to the variation of sample sizes; and indicates that the MaxEnt model reduces the uncertainty of outcomes and avoids the high risk of bias. The MaxEnt model has a great potential to the applications of the extreme value analysis with small sample size. It offers a wider applicability and helps solve practical problems.
Unique, Not Psychogenic Movements: Painful Leg and Moving Toes Syndrome

A 74-year-old woman visited our department for distally predominant unpleasant pain in the bilateral feet for several months. She had a history of chronic lumbago. Neurological examinations showed normal findings other than involuntary movements. A nerve conduction study, electroencephalography, and brain MRI revealed unremarkable findings, while spinal MRI revealed mild lumbar spinal stenosis. Given the typical unique movements, i.e., bilateral toe movements, which are asynchronous and consist of extension, flexion, and, rarely, abduction, she was diagnosed with painful leg moving toes syndrome. Administration of duloxetine produced partial pain relief and reduced movements. We considered that clinicians should be aware of this unique movement disorder in order to avoid misdiagnosis with psychogenic conditions.
Weakened Sustained Attention and Increased Cognitive Effort after Total Sleep Deprivation: A Virtual Reality Ecological Study

Abstract Total sleep deprivation (TSD) has a major impact on sustained attention as reported by previous studies that have investigated effects of TSD, however by using classical neuropsychological tests that lack ecological validity. To study the effects of TSD on daily-life activities, we carried out an ecological evaluation of sustained attention using a virtual reality task requiring driving along an unpredictable path. We enrolled 30 volunteers who underwent two experimental sessions: baseline (after normal sleep night) and after 36 h of total TSD. We assessed changes in sustained attentional performance by analysing the series of visuomotor adjustments while driving. After TSD, we found greater inaccuracy and longer attentional lapses. Furthermore, the visuomotor adjustments series exhibited higher long-range correlations (self-similarity) which has been associated with greater cognitive efforts. Sustained attention assessed by the ecological task requiring visuomotor coordination gets worse after 36 h of total TSD together with greater cognitive effort.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Patients with Rheumatic Disease in South Korea during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of depression among patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study adopted a cross-sectional design, and 160 outpatients with RDs in one university hospital in South Korea were sampled using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected from May to July 2021 using a structured questionnaire. The risk factors of depression were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses. The prevalence rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), insomnia, and depression were 37.5%, 20.0%, and 24.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses confirmed that employment status, monthly income, perceived health, PTSD, and insomnia were significant risk factors of depression. The findings highlight the urgent need to assist patients with RDs who are at risk of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially individuals who are unemployed or have low incomes and poor perceived health, individuals with high PTSD, and individuals with severe insomnia. There is a need to provide disease-specific interventions to effectively alleviate depression among these individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.