Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concordance of Mother-Child (6–23 Months) Dietary Diversity and Its Associated Factors in Kucha District, Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Meeting minimum standards of dietary quality in mothers and children is a challenge in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Emerging evidence suggests that maternal and child dietary diversity is associated, but little is known about the associated factors of concordance of mother-child dietary diversity in Ethiopia and none is documented in the study area. This study examines the concordance between mother-child (6–23 months) dyads dietary diversity and the associated factors in Kucha District, Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 791 mother-child (6–23 months) pairs from 11 selected kebeles on March 6 to April 13, 2017. Multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The sampling frame was obtained from the family folder of health posts in each kebele. The mother-child pairs were selected by the simple random sampling method. The 7 food groups of the World Health Organization (WHO) for children and the 10 food groups of FANTA/FAO 2016 for mothers were used to analyze the dietary diversity. Cohen's kappa statistics was calculated to see the strength of concordance. The multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine factors affecting mother-child dietary diversity concordance. A good concordance was noted between mother-child dietary diversity scores (Kappa = 0.43). Only 56 (7.1%) mothers were negative deviants, and 133 (16.8%) mothers were positive deviants in dietary diversity consumption. Rural residence (AOR = 3.49; 95% CI: 1.90–6.41), having no formal education (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.08–3.05), not owning milking cow (AOR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.10–2.56), children with low dietary diversity (AOR = 8.23; 95% CI: 5.17–13.08), and mothers with low dietary diversity (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.29–0.74) were found to be factors associated with mother-child dietary diversity concordance. An increase in the percentage of children reaching the minimum dietary diversity was greater with a successive increase in maternal dietary diversity. Despite interesting similarities between mothers and children dietary consumption, more than three-quarters of concordants did not achieve the recommended dietary diversity score (were low concordants). Interventions targeting on rural women's access to high school education, home-based milking cow rearing, and promoting nutrition-sensitive agriculture to meet the dietary requirements of mothers and children in a sustainable manner and public health efforts to improve child nutrition may be strengthened by promoting maternal dietary diversity due to its potential effect on the entire family.
An appraisal of homoeopathic quinquagenimillesimal potencies of plumbum metallicum and stannum metallicum by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra of samples of LM6; LM14 and LM22 homoeopathic quinquagenimillesimal (LM) potencies of tin (Stannum metallicum), lead (Plumbum metallicum) and two lactose based controls: one control which is prepared by the means of potentisation and one control prepared without the means of potentisation. It was hypothesised that in terms of the effect of different substances (Stannum metallicum and Plumbum metallicum, and the lactose controls) and of different dilutions (LM6, LM14, LM22) of these substances that significant differences exist between the chemical shift and relative integration values of the CH3, CH2, OH and H20 signals of these homoeopathic substances.
Efficacy of Silymarin on Aflatoxin Residues in Eggs and Health Status of Laying Hens

The study aimed to evaluate the silymarin in reducing the aflatoxin (AF) residues in eggs and health status of laying hens. A total of 120 laying hensat the age of 240 days were randomly divided into three equal groups fed on diet with or without AF and 0.5% of silymarin. The residues of AF in the eggs were measured at the age of 260 and 280 days by using HPLC technique as well as, physiological tests. The results of the 3rd group showed a significant (P? 0.05) increase in RBCs, PCV% and Hb, AST, ALT concentrations and Ab titer against ND and IB diseases as compared with the 2nd group and the control. Also, there was a significant (P? 0.05) decrease in the concentrations of AF (B1) and (G1) in eggs at the age of 260 days as compared with the 2nd and the control
Menorrhagia in Women After the Administration of Novel Oral ‎Anticoagulants, Like Rivaroxaban: A Case Report

Background: The Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs), despite numerous benefits, such as the ease of use and less drug involvement, provide extensive adverse effects. One of the most significant, but rare side effects of them in women is severe and dangerous bleeding. Case presentation: In this study, we reported a case of severe vaginal bleeding (manometric hemorrhage) in a woman receiving rivaroxaban to prevent pulmonary thrombosis. Conclusion: The oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban could present a rare adverse effect on women.
Comparison of oral health care between dental and non-dental students in Southwestern China--exploring the future priority for oral health education

Background Dental caries and periodontal disease are still serious oral problems in China after decades of Oral health education(OHE). It’s necessary to figure out the problems. The aim of this study was to figure out the oral health care knowledge and habits of undergraduates in Sichuan University and the existing problems, by comparing the differences between dental and non-dental students. It was hoped to provide some suggestions for future OHE. Methods A quasi-experimental study design with a pre-test and post-test group was applied. 217 dental-students and 135 non-dental students were enrolled. They were given a course for OHE. A knowledge test and a survey about oral health care were conducted before and after course. Results According to the pre-course survey, dental students surpassed non-dentals in terms of tooth-brushing frequency, method, time and flossing. Unfortunately, flossing was overlooked by all the students. After the course, both dental and non-dental students improved a lot in the oral health care knowledge and habits. More non-dental students than dental students were willing to use toothpicks and Chinese herbal toothpaste before and after course. Conclusions OHE plays a positive role for university students. Future OHE should focus on the flossing, toothbrushing methods, toothpick, Chinese herbal toothpaste and modification to adapt new media.
Systems for collective human curation of online discussion

The internet was supposed to democratize discussion, allowing people from all walks of life to communicate with each other at scale. However, this vision has not been fully realized—instead online discourse seems to be getting worse, as people are increasingly drowning in discussion, with much of it unwanted or unpleasant. In this thesis, I present new systems that empower discussion participants to work collectively to bring order to discussions through a range of curation tools that superimpose richer metadata structure on top of standard discussion formats. These systems enable the following new capabilities: 1) recursive summarization of threaded forums using Wikum, 2) teamsourced tagging and summarization of group chat using Tilda, 3) fine-grained customization of email delivery within mailing lists using Murmur, and 4) friendsourced moderation of messages against online harassment using Squadbox. In a world of abundant discussion and mass capabilities for amplification, the curation of a social space becomes as equally essential as content creation in defining the nature of that space. By putting more powerful techniques for curation in the hands of everyday people, I envision a future where end users are empowered to actively co-create every aspect of their online discussion environments, bringing in their nuanced and contextual insights. Thesis Supervisor: David R. Karger Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary facility: an initial report of a screening programme

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening in Nigeria is at a nascent stage and at the moment there are no National guidelines for ROP screening in Nigeria. Thus it is desirable for screening programs to report findings amongst screened preterm infants in order to facilitate the development of national ROP screening criteria and guidelines. The aim of this report is to describe the frequency, severity and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm and very low-birth-weight babies screened within the first year of initiating an ROP screening program at a Nigerian tertiary facility. Methods: A cross-sectional study of infants born at less than 34 weeks gestational age; or with birth weight less than 1500g between May 2016 and May 2017. ROP screening examinations were performed by ophthalmologists with the use of an indirect ophthalmoscope, after pupillary dilation, in collaboration with the neonatology team. Information on gestational age at birth, birth weight, oxygen therapy and presence of other risk factors were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 74 infants were screened during the period. There were 36 (48.6%) males. Mean gestational age at birth was 29.6 (±2.35) weeks. Mean birth weight was 1.26 (±0.27) kg with a range of 800 to 1950g. ROP was detected in 9 (12.2%) infants. Two (22.2%) of these had Threshold ROP. There was no significant difference between the mean birth weight and mean gestational age of the infants who had ROP compared to those without ROP. The two infants with Threshold ROP were treated with intravitreal Bevazicumab and had regression of ROP. Conclusion: Retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed in at risk infants in this facility. There is, therefore, a need to establish ROP screening programs in all neonatal units across the country. In addition, established programs need to evaluate their screening criteria with a view towards developing country-specific screening guidelines. Keywords: Retinopathy; Prematurity; Preterm; Neonates; Nigeria; Africa
Specific group differences in assessing the usefulness of mobile teaching

Introducing mobile teaching in school represents a challenge for teachers that have to adapt their teaching practice to benefit from the technological changes. Although mobile devices are widely used by teachers and students in everyday life, there are several barriers against the adoption of this technology for teaching purposes. There are also differences in the perception of mobile teaching usefulness that depend on various factors, such as age, gender, discipline, and qualification level. This paper aims to analyze the teachers’ perception as regards the benefits of and barriers against mobile teaching, from a domain-specific perspective. The differences are analyzed concerning the discipline they teach, the educational level of the class (form), and the teachers’ qualification (didactical degree). The analysis highlights the differences along three dimensions: learning motivation, learning usefulness, and teaching usefulness. Overall, the results show a positive attitude towards mobile teaching and learning.
Faecal Carriage and Antibiotics Resistance Patterns of Campylobacter Species from HIV/AIDS Patients in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria

Background: As a result of the low immunosuppressive condition of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), they are at greater risk of Campylobacter infections but the use of antibiotics tends to reduce incidence. However, though this has reduced the incidence of the infection, there is likely development of antibiotic resistance with them thereby becoming asymptomatic carriers of drug resistant Campylobacter species. Aim: This study was carried out to determine the faecal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Campylobacter species isolated from HIV patients in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: One Hundred stool samples were collected from HIV patients attending two Antiretroviral Clinics in Ibadan between February and March, 2017. Campylobacter species were Original Research Article Falodun et al.; SAJRM, 7(4): 39-46, 2020; Article no.SAJRM. 61486 40 isolated and identified using standard methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolates to amikacin, gentamycin, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefixime, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, cephalothin, nalidixic acid and ertapenem was done using disk diffusion method. Results: The prevalence of Campylobacter species in the stool samples of the HIV/AIDS patients was 68%. A total of one hundred and twenty isolates were identified as C. upsaliensis 32(26.7%), C. jejuni 30(25%), C. lari 23(19.2%), C. coli 20(16.7%), and C. fetus 15(12.5%). The antibiotics susceptibility pattern of these isolates showed that 97(80.8%), 88(73.3%), 82(68.3%), 9(7.5%), 9(7.5%) and 12 (10.8%) were resistant to gentamycin, chloramphenicol, cefixime, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and ertapenem respectively. Moreover, 102 (85.0%) of the isolates were found to be multidrug resistant. Conclusions: The faecal carriage and high prevalence of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter strains among the HIV/AIDS patients therefore present them as asymptomatic carrier and reservoir for dissemination of the bacteria.
Investigation on microhardness and corrosion resistance of ZnO reinforced Ni-P composite coatings at various annealing temperatures

ABSTRACT In the process of electroless coatings, mild steel was used as a substrate for the Ni-P-ZnO composite coatings. Present study focused on annealing temperature effect on microhardness and resistance to corrosion of the ZnO reinforced Ni-P coatings. Variation in microhardness and corrosion resistance was observed in Ni-P-ZnO thin film at 200, 400 and 600°C annealing temperatures. Coatings phase transformation behaviour, surface structure and morphological studies were evaluated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical composition of the coatings is measured by using Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Results reveal that annealing temperature significantly affects the properties of the coatings. Increase in annealing temperature from 200 to 400°C improves the microhardness and corrosion resistance of the coatings. At 600°C annealing temperature, formation of coarse structure decreases the properties of the coatings.
Wellbeing of the Society: A Maqasid al-Shari'ah Approach

Wellbeing is generally seen as an example of the condition of households, society, and people. The issue of wellbeing in the modernized world has been reviewed and explained in various ways as it is a crucial issue for a household that acts as a reflection of the comfort status among humanity. From the Islamic perspective, wellbeing can be widely explained through inner and outer fulfilment, and guiding people through a peaceful life, named as hayat al-tayyibah. The ultimate objective of the paper is to present a framework of wellbeing from the Maqasid al-Shari'âh principles. Each dimension of the principles were deliberated according to the views of scholars from the perspective of the Shari'ah. The paper highlights the operation of Maqasid al-Shari'ah as a measurable multidimensional concept, a relatively new discipline in various fields of social sciences and economics. Studies have shown that wellbeing could be explained in a multidimensional perspective using these principles.
Effects of pre‐corrosion on mechanical properties of 7B50‐T7751 aluminum alloy in sodium chloride solution

The effects of pre‐corrosion, including corrosion and stress corrosion, on the mechanical properties of 7B50‐T7751 aluminum alloy in sodium chloride solution were investigated. The results revealed that coarse and discontinuously distributed grain boundary precipitates (η‐MgZn2) in the alloy resulted in decreased susceptibility to intergranular corrosion (IGC) and hydrogen embrittlement (HE). However, the mechanical properties (especially the elongation of the alloy) were significantly degraded, owing to the synergistic effect of anodic dissolution and hydrogenation associated with pre‐corrosion. This degradation was exacerbated by the tensile stress. With increased exposure time, the dominant mechanism for elongation degradation transformed from anodic dissolution to HE, and the effect of the tensile stress on the degradation decreased gradually. Moreover, the Weibull function model can be used to accurately and quantitatively describe the maximum pit depth evolution of the alloy.
Can Tranexamic Acid Control Bleeding during and After Total Thyroidectomy? A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial Study

Introduction: Head and neck operations are among the thyroid surgeries which are occasionally accompanied by blood loss (BL) during operation, tainting the operating field, and increasing the probability of damage to adjacent structures. Several studies have hitherto been conducted toward decreasing the BL that occurs during and after the operation. This study has been designed and executed with the objective of determining and comparing the effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TA) medication on controlling BL during and after total thyroidectomy. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out as a double-blind clinical trial on 83 patients affected with benign and malignant pathologies which were candidates for total thyroidectomy surgical operation, referred to the surgery department of Shahid Rahnemoun Hospital in Yazd, Iran, during a 1-year period. Patients were randomly divided into two groups including TA recipients, for which 20 mg/kg of TA was diluted to 20 cc with normal saline before surgery, and the control group which did not receive TA. The amount of BL during surgery was measured based on the blood gas value at the time of operation and post-surgery BL was measured based on the amount of blood collected in the Hemovac drain. The patients’ hemoglobin was also measured and recorded before surgery and 24 h after surgery. Results: Among the 83 studied patients, 42 patients received TA, whereas the other 41 did not receive this medication. BL during surgery in the TA receiving group was significantly less than the control group (P = 0.016). Post-operation BL in the TA receiving group was also less than the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.5). Moreover, the decline of hemoglobin level 24 h after surgery was not significant in the TA receiving group and the control group. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, TA significantly reduces the amount of BL during the surgical procedure of total thyroidectomy. TA also results in a non-significant reduction of post-operation BL, whereas the hemoglobin level is not affected by it.
Cardiac Autonomic Function with Iron Deficiency Anemia

Patients and Methods: This prospective study included 60 children with IDA (boys = 20; girls = 40; age: 14.50 ± 2.04 yrs.). Blood concentrations of hemoglobin, ferritin and iron were determined. ANS function testing were carried twice (at baseline and 3 months after iron therapy). They included measuring of heart rate at rest and its variation (HRV) in response to standing and breathing and blood pressure (BP) changes in response to standing, sustained handgrip and cold.
Whole genome sequences from non-invasively collected samples

Conservation genomics is an important tool to manage threatened species under current biodiversity loss. Recent advances in sequencing technology mean that we can now use whole genomes to investigate demographic history, local adaptation, inbreeding, and more in unprecedented detail. However, for many rare and elusive species only non-invasive samples such as faeces can be obtained, making it difficult to take advantage of whole genome data. We present a method to extract DNA from the mucosal layer of faecal samples to reconstruct high coverage whole genomes using standard laboratory techniques, therefore in a cost-effective and efficient way. We use wild collected faecal pellets collected from wild caribou (Rangifer tarandus), a species undergoing declines in many parts of its range in Canada and subject to comprehensive conservation and population monitoring measures. We compare four faecal genomes to two tissue genomes sequenced in the same run. Quality metrics were similar between faecal and tissue samples with the main difference being the alignment success of raw reads to the reference genome likely due to differences in endogenous DNA content, affecting overall coverage. One of our faecal genomes was only reconstructed at low coverage (1.6X), however the other three obtained between 7 and 15X, compared to 19 and 25X for the tissue samples. We successfully reconstructed high-quality whole genomes from faecal DNA and, to our knowledge, are the first to obtain genome-wide data from wildlife faecal DNA in a non-primate species, representing an important advancement for non-invasive conservation genomics.
Methodology for Optimization of the Electric Wire Arc - Spraying Process to the Mixture of Coatings 140MXC-530AS and 140MXC- 560AS Using a Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm

The Corporation of Science and Technology for the Development of the Maritime and Fluvial Shipbuilding Industry COTECMAR has been using for more than 4 years the process of electric arc thermal projection with commercial materials such as 530AS, 560AS and 140MXC to mitigate corrosion phenomena and wear of the different devices that make up the boats. The problem lies in mixing these materials (140MXC-530AS and 140MXC-560AS) to produce dissimilar coatings, making it more difficult to optimize the process, whose problem lies in the parameterization of the arc-beam thermal imaging equipment. In the first phase of the project, a Taguchi L9 (34-2) model (fractional factorial orthogonal arrangement) was used to produce the coatings, taking into account the projection parameters of the equipment such as current (A), voltage (V) Primary air pressure (Pp) and secondary air pressure (Ps), which were considered as input variables or experiments for the optimization process. Subsequently the coatings were characterized by techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and microhardness to take these data as attributes or output of results in order to obtain the minimization of the size of the projected particles (corrosion) and the microhardness maximization of the coatings (wear). Symbolic regression was used as a technique for obtaining the mathematical models (objective functions), which was done through the "Eureqa Formulize-Desktop" program, because it is considered very complex the modeling of all input variables by conventional mathematical methods. The adaptation of the NSGA-II Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm was performed through a structured programming in "Matlab", being able to verify that the optimal Pareto fronts obtained in the runs with this Algorithm meet the requirements of the objective functions which are related with the attributes of the selected coatings.