Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decoupling of rotation and translation at the colloidal glass transition

Little is known about the coupling of rotation and translation in dense systems. Here, we report results of confocal fluorescence microscopy where simultaneous recording of translational and rotational particle trajectories from a bidisperse colloidal dispersion is achieved by spiking the samples with rotational probe particles. The latter consist of colloidal particles containing two fluorescently labelled cores suited for tracking the particle's orientation. A comparison of the experimental data with event driven Brownian simulations gives insight into the system's structure and dynamics close to the glass transition and sheds new light onto the translation-rotation coupling. The data show that with increasing volume fractions, translational dynamics slows down drastically, whereas rotational dynamics changes very little. We find convincing agreement between simulation and experiments, even though the simulations neglect far-field hydrodynamic interactions. An additional analysis of the glass transition following mode coupling theory works well for the structural dynamics but indicates a decoupling of the diffusion of the smaller particle species. The shear stress correlations do not decorrelate in the simulated glass states and are not affected by rotational motion.
Aerial Manipulator Force Control Using Control Barrier Functions

This article studies the problem of applying normal forces on a surface, using an underactuated aerial vehicle equipped with a dexterous robotic arm. A force-motion high-level controller is designed based on a Lyapunov function encompassing alignment and exerted force errors. This controller is coupled with a Control Barrier Function constraint under an optimization scheme using Quadratic Programming. This aims to enforce a prescribed relationship between the approaching motion for the end-effector and its alignment with the surface, thus ensuring safe operation. An adaptive low-level controller is devised for the aerial vehicle, capable of tracking velocity commands generated by the high-level controller. Simulations and experiments are presented to demonstrate the force exertion stability and safety of the controller in cases of large disturbances.
Multifractality and intermittency in the solar wind

Within the complex dynamics of the solar wind's fluctuating plasma parameters, there is a detectable, hidden order described by a chaotic strange attractor which has a multifractal structure. The multifractal spectrum has been investigated using Voyager (magnetic field) data in the outer heliosphere and using Helios (plasma) data in the inner he- liosphere. We have also analyzed the spectrum for the solar wind attractor. The spectrum is found to be consistent with that for the multifractal measure of the self-similar one-scale weighted Cantor set with two parameters describing uniform compression and natural invariant probability measure of the attractor of the system. In order to further quantify the mul- tifractality, we also consider a generalized weighted Cantor set with two different scales describing nonuniform compres- sion. We investigate the resulting multifractal spectrum de- pending on two scaling parameters and one probability mea- sure parameter, especially for asymmetric scaling. We hope that this generalized model will also be a useful tool for anal- ysis of intermittent turbulence in space plasmas.
Status of physical activity and its associated factors among the secondary school teachers in Pokhara, Nepal

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of all the cause of death globally and physical activity is the proven cost effective modifiable behavior risk factors for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to assess the status of the physical activity and its determining factors among the school teachers of Pokhara Nepal. We used quantitative approach for data collection among 406 samples that were drawn using probability proportion to enrollment size. The international questionnaire on physical activity (IPAQ)-long form was used for data collection. SPSS V.27 was used for univariate and bivariate analysis. The study have found the 13.2 percent of prevalence of physical inactivity. Sex, ethnicity, educational qualification, availability of walking environment around home, mean screen time per day were found having statistical association with the outcome variable. The prevalence of low physical activity was found 13.2 percent. Majority of the study participants achieved WHO global recommendation on physical activity. Domestic and garden work contributed most in domain specific physical activity among the participants.
Biographical continuation: recovery of stroke survivors and their family caregivers in Taiwan

Abstract Aim: To explore the experiences pertaining to long-term care services from the perspectives of dyads of stroke survivors and their family caregivers in indigenous and non-indigenous communities. Background: Stroke occurrence is a life-changing event associated with quality of life for stroke survivors and their families, especially those who provide primary support. Indigenous people are more likely to experience a stroke at a younger age and have a higher likelihood of hospitalisation and death due to health disparities. Few studies have investigated family dyads or indigenous populations to understand their experiences of coping with changed body-self and to contextualise their reintegration into communities post-stroke. Methods: Ethnographic fieldwork over nine months in 2018–2019 with indigenous, urban-based, and non-indigenous populations, resulting in 48 observations and 24 interviews with 12 dyads in three geo-administrative communities. Findings: The post-stroke recovery trajectory is illuminated, delineating the dyads’ life transitions from biographical disruption to biographical continuation. The trajectory is shaped by seven states involving four mindsets and three status passages. The four mindsets are sense of loss and worry, sense of interdependence, sense of independence, and wellbeing state. The status passages identified in this study are acceptance, alteration, and identification. A community-based and family-centred long-term care system, aligning with medical healthcare and community resources, underpinned each dyad’s biographical continuation by: (1) providing rehabilitation that afforded time and space for recovery adaptation; (2) acknowledging the individuality of family caregivers and helping to alleviate their multitasking; and (3) reintegrating stroke survivors into their communities. Key to determining the quality of recovery for the indigenous participants was their reintegration into their native community and regaining of identity. Therefore, integrating post-stroke care into various care contexts and incorporating indigenous-specific needs into policymaking can support dyads in adapting to their communities.
Exploring the impact of design tool usage on design for additive manufacturing processes and outcomes

Abstract Improving designers’ ability to identify manufacturing constraints during design can help reduce the time and cost involved in the development of new products. Different design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) tools exist, but the design outcomes produced using such tools are often evaluated without comparison to existing tools. This study addresses the research gap by directly comparing design performance using two design support tools: a worksheet listing DfAM principles and a manufacturability analysis software tool that analyzes compliance with the same principles. In a randomized-controlled study, 49 nonexpert designers completed a design task to improve the manufacturability of a 3D-printed part using either the software tool or the worksheet tool. In this study, design outcome data (creativity and manufacturability) and design process data (task load and time taken) were measured. We identified statistically significant differences in the number of manufacturability violations in the software and worksheet groups and the creativity of the designs with novel build orientations. Results demonstrated limitations associated with lists of principles and highlighted the potential of software in promoting creativity by encouraging the exploration of alternative build orientations. This study provides support for using software to help designers, particularly nonexpert designers who rely on trial and error during design, evaluate the manufacturability of their designs more effectively, thereby promoting concurrent engineering design practices.
Deformation of Wave Slope Distribution due to the Presence of Infra-Gravity Waves and Its Effect on Shoreline Motion

ABSTRACT Cho, Y.J. and Park, S.H. , 2023. Deformation of wave slope distribution due to the presence of infra-gravity waves and its effect on shoreline motion. In: Lee, J.L. ; Lee, H. ; Min, B.I. ; Chang, J.-I. ; Cho, G.T. ; Yoon, J.-S. , and Lee, J. (eds.), Multidisciplinary Approaches to Coastal and Marine Management. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, pp. 613-617. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Infra-gravity waves, which underlie swells in a mild sea, play a crucial role in the beach restoration process. They have distinct features that set them apart from other water waves. When sub-harmonic wave-wave interactions evoke infra-gravity waves in a wavefield, they leave behind a characteristic imprint in the form of a probability plateau shaped slope distribution. This study proposes the hypothesis that wave slope can provide the most comprehensive insights of random wavefield, particularly when random waves undergo alterations via resonant wave-wave interactions, and that the probability plateau shaped by infra-gravity waves is closely linked to shoreline motion. The hypothesis was tested using in-situ wave data collected at three locations on the east coast of Korea and a year-long shoreline survey data at Mang-Bang from April 26, 2017 to April 20, 2018. The results showed that during shoreline advancement, a probability plateau was present in the wave slope distribution, while during the retreat period, the plateau could not be found. Thus, the hypothesis was partially confirmed.
Meta-Analysis and Spatial Distribution of Ecosystem Services in Louisiana's Coastal Zone: Implications for Coastal Restoration

ABSTRACT van Heerden, V.N. , and Snyder, B. , 2024. Meta-analysis and spatial distribution of ecosystem services in Louisiana's coastal zone: Implications for coastal restoration. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 17–30. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Coastal Louisiana is shaped by dynamic and complex nature–society relationships. In environmental policymaking, the ecosystem services framework is a common approach to conceptualizing this relationship. A meta-analysis of 46 studies from 1974 to 2019 was conducted, which contained 168 primary ecosystem services valuations for wetlands in coastal Louisiana. Ecosystem services values for freshwater, brackish, and saltwater wetlands are presented. Services include disturbance regulation, fisheries, gas regulation, primary production, nutrient regulation, recreation, and waste regulation. With these values, total ecosystem services values for all wetlands in the coastal zone were calculated. The results showed that freshwater wetlands provide ecosystem services values similar to those of saltwater wetlands and that the annual ecosystem services provisioning for the coastal zone totals more than $36.3 billion (2022 U.S. dollars). This study presents environmental policymakers and planners with an updated ecosystem services value database for effectively communicating the dynamic relationship between people and nature in Louisiana.
Analysis of Shoreline Change Due to the Installation of Hybrid Coastal Structure with Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV)

ABSTRACT Hur, D. -S; Shin, S. ; Lee, S. -Y. , and Jeong, Y. -M. , 2023. Analysis of shoreline change due to the installation of hybrid coastal structure with Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV). In: Lee, J.L. ; Lee, H. ; Min, B.I. ; Chang, J.-I. ; Cho, G.T. ; Yoon, J.-S. , and Lee, J. (eds.), Multidisciplinary Approaches to Coastal and Marine Management. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, pp. 638-642. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Recently, they have been designed and constructed as a complex defense method to protect the beach with nourishment. In this study, the Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) among the soft defense methods (Hybrid coastal structure), which are more flexible than the hardness method, is compared and evaluated with the conventional method. The numerical analysis method used is a 3D numerical model based on the Navier–Stokes equation and can be used to analyze the 3D hydraulic characteristics of the method to address coastal erosion. Based on the results, the N-line model, a model that depicts coastline changes, can be used for comparison. The effectiveness and validity of the numerical model were examined by comparing and analyzing its results with those of the existing hydraulic experiment. The model accurately reproduced the quantitative and qualitative changes in the shoreline behind the structure, as well as the change in wave height due to the wave control function of the Submerged Breakwater (SB). As a result, changes to the waves and stratified nearshore currents owing to 3D fluid movement in surrounding waters can be confirmed using the existing hardness method used to respond to coastal erosion, and the hydraulic characteristics are analyzed and compared with the conventional method using the wave control characteristics of the installed vegetation zone. Furthermore, the wave-breaking height and the wave-breaking direction are examined from the results based on the 3D hydraulic characteristics of the vegetation zone and the conventional hardness method to compare the shoreline changes. Compared with the existing hardness method, the change in the wave breaking direction is lower owing to the wave control capability of the SAV resulting from the drag coefficient of vegetation, leading to the advance of the shoreline being relatively small.
A Phylogenetic Analysis of Marcetia (Melastomataceae, Marcetieae) and Three New Sprawling Species from Bahia, Brazil

Abstract Three new species of the Neotropical genus Marcetia are described and illustrated: Marcetia barbadensis, Marcetia minima, and Marcetia serratifolia. The three species are known from small isolated populations in mountains of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. The recognition of Marcetia barbadensis and Marcetia serratifolia is confirmed with an updated molecular phylogeny of the tribe Marcetieae (based on ETS, ITS, accD-psaI, atpF-atpH, trnS-trnG, psbK-psbL, ndhF and rbcL), and by morphological and morphometric studies. In turn, the recognition of Marcetia minima, a new species known only from the type gathering collected about 30 yr ago, is based on analyses of leaf and anther connective shape, as well as linear measurements of vegetative and reproductive structures. Based on the new phylogenetic hypothesis for Marcetieae, we reconstructed the evolution of habit and petal color in the tribe, and showed that prostrate plants and white flowers evolved repeatedly from ancestors with an erect habit and pink to magenta petals. We also provide notes on the intergeneric relationships and phylogeny of Marcetia and evaluate the generic placement of the recently described Acisanthera saxatilis.
Ship Investment Valuation Using Real Option Analysis (ROA)

ABSTRACT Kim, H. ; Park, S. ; Choi, S. , and Kim, T. , 2023. Ship investment valuation using Real Option Analysis (ROA). In: Lee, J.L. ; Lee, H. ; Min, B.I. ; Chang, J.-I. ; Cho, G.T. ; Yoon, J.-S. , and Lee, J. (eds.), Multidisciplinary Approaches to Coastal and Marine Management. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, pp. 423-427. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. As ship investment entails an extensive amount of investment, it is critical to conduct the valuation of investment plans prior to undertaking the investment. In this study, comparison analysis was conducted to empirically analyze a traditional method of ship investment valuation, Net Present Value (NPV) and Real Option Analysis (ROA). This study intends to suggest improvement measures through a real option valuation methodology for ship investment that can factor into uncertainty. This analysis was conducted through the option to defer deferable for two years and the option to expand placing additional orders for 8 vessels depending on market conditions within 2 years after the initial order of 8 vessels. As a result of the comparative analysis, it can be confirmed that the real option would show higher value of ship investment than the traditional valuation and affect investment decision-making, since it considers uncertainty in the event of ship investment.
Light-induced modulation of viscoelastic properties in azobenzene polymers

Abstract Photo-induced isomerization of azobenzene molecules drives mass migrations in azopolymer samples. The resulting macroscopic directional photo-deformation of the material morphology has found many applications in literature, although the fundamental mechanisms behind this mass transfer are still under debate. Hence, it is of paramount importance to find quantitative observables that could drive the community toward a better understanding of this phenomenon. In this regard, azopolymer mechanical properties have been intensively studied, but the lack of a nanoscale technique capable of quantitative viscoelastic measurements has delayed the progress in the field. Here, we use bimodal atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a powerful technique for nanomechanical characterizations of azopolymers. With this multifrequency AFM approach, we map the azopolymer local elasticity and viscosity, with high resolution, after irradiation. We find that, while in the (previously) illuminated region, a general photo-softening is measured; locally, the Young modulus and the viscosity depend upon the inner structuring of the illuminating light spot. We then propose a possible interpretation based on a light-induced expansion plus a local alignment of the polymer chains (directional hole-burning effect), which explains the experimental observations. The possibility to access, in a reliable and quantitative way, both Young modulus and viscosity could trigger new theoretical–numerical investigations on the azopolymer mass migration dynamics since, as we show, both parameters can be considered measurable. Furthermore, our results provide a route for engineering the nanomechanical properties of azopolymers, which could find interesting applications in cell mechanobiology research.
Magnitude and associated factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis among patients visiting Nefas Mewcha primary hospital, Northern Ethiopia, 2022: An institution-based Cross-sectional study

Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common neglected tropical disease, causing stigmatised skin lesions. It is an important public health concern, with 95% of cases occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. Despite its long-recognized endemicity and psychosocial impacts, it is largely overlooked. Objective The main aim of this study is to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of CL in north-central Ethiopia. Design An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Setting The study was conducted in Nefas Mewcha Primary Hospital (NMPH), north-central Ethiopia. Participants The study was conducted among 332 individuals visiting NMPH from June to July 2022. Primary and secondary outcomes The primary outcome was to estimate the burden of CL among patients visiting NMPH, and the secondary outcome was to identify factors associated with the presence or absence of CL. The association between predictor variables and CL was assessed using a binary logistic regression model. Statistical significance was declared at a p _value of <0.05. Result Out of the 332 study participants, 63 patients sought medical care with skin lesions, and 61 (18.37%, 95% CI: 14.5% to 22.9%) were patients with CL. Localized CL was the predominant type (86.9%). Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR): 4.51; 95% CI 1.94 to 10.45), older age (AOR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87 to 0.94), secondary and tertiary educational status (AOR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.6), poor knowledge of CL (AOR: 4.02, 95% CI: 1.81 to 9.76) and living with domestic animals (AOR: 5.29, 95% CI 3.24 to 7.5) were identified as predictors of CL. Conclusion In the study area, the magnitude of CL was found to be high. Being male and young, having low educational status, having poor knowledge and living with domestic animals increase the risk of acquiring CL. As a result, increasing the knowledge of the community through scaling up of health education programmes and reducing activities that increase individuals’ exposure to sandflies should be prioritised.
Risk assessment and real-world outcomes in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: insights from a UK pulmonary hypertension referral service

Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of risk assessment to predict healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU), costs, treatments, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and survival in patients diagnosed with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Design Retrospective observational study. Setting Pulmonary hypertension referral centre in the UK. Participants Adults diagnosed with CTEPH between 1 January 2012 and 30 June 2019 were included. Cohorts were retrospectively defined for operated patients (received pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA)) and not operated; further subgroups were defined based on risk score (low, intermediate or high risk for 1-year mortality) at diagnosis. Primary and secondary outcome measures Demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, treatment patterns, HRQoL, HCRU, costs and survival outcomes were analysed. Results Overall, 683 patients were analysed (268 (39%) operated; 415 (61%) not operated). Most patients in the operated and not-operated cohorts were intermediate risk (63%; 53%) or high risk (23%; 31%) at diagnosis. Intermediate-risk and high-risk patients had higher HCRU and costs than low-risk patients. Outpatient and accident and emergency visits were lower postdiagnosis for both cohorts and all risk groups versus prediagnosis. HRQoL scores noticeably improved in the operated cohort post-PEA, and less so in the not-operated cohort at 6–18 months postdiagnosis. Survival at 5 years was 83% (operated) and 49% (not operated) and was lower for intermediate-risk and high-risk patients compared with low-risk patients. Conclusions Findings from this study support that risk assessment at diagnosis is prognostic for mortality in patients with CTEPH. Low-risk patients have better survival and HRQoL and lower HCRU and costs compared with intermediate-risk and high-risk patients.
Light Intensity Pattern Under Agroforestry System

A study was conducted in Saini Majra (Haryana) under agroforestry system and at nearby open area to investigate the light intensity pattern under both the sites. Open area received 96.42% higher light intensity as compared to agroforestry system because there were no trees on the field. Maximum light intensity was recorded during mid-day (1210 to 1235 hrs) under both the sites. It is evident from the study that Poplar trees planted in agroforestry system can absorb or reflect up to 51.76% solar radiation before reaching to the ground even at a leafless stage.