Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The potential of increasing pond fish production by growing dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata) in the pond bottom.

An on-farm trial was carried out in 12 earthen ponds at the Montala Village, Muktagacha, Mymensingh for a period of 4 months (July-October 2003) to assess the potential of increasing pond fish production by growing dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata) in the pond bottom. The experiment consisted of four treatments each with three replications with an object of replacement for the use of fertilizers in fish production. In treatment-I (T1) dhaincha without fertilizer, in treatment-II (T2) dhaincha with 25% fertilizer, in treatment-III dhaincha with 50% fertilizer and in treatment-IV (T4) dhaincha with 100% fertilizer were used. Dhaincha seed was sown at 100 g 40m from bottom to dike. After 50 days of sowing dhaincha on the moist pond bottom, lime and fertilizer were used and fish fry were released after watering the ponds. The stocking density of rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhihosus), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Thai sarputi (Puntius gonionotus) was 12,350 fish ha in all treatments. Fertilization was done at 100 g urea + 100 g TSP 40 m, 50 g urea + 50 g TSP 40 m, 25 g urea + 25 g TSP 40 m in treatments T4, T3 and T2, respectively and no fertilization in T1. Some of the water quality parameters showed significant difference among different treatments, but most parameters were found within the suitable ranges for pond fish culture. Recorded periphyton groups were composed of Bacillariophyceae (9), Chlorophyceae (10), Euglenophyceae (2), Cyanophyceae (6), Crustacea (2) and Rotifera (3). Among these groups Cyanophyceae was the most abundant in number of which Microcystis was most abundant. The mean abundance of Cyanophyceae in treatments T1, T2, T3 * Corresponding author. Tel. : +88 171 208 3003 E-mail address: mrityunjoy68@yahoo.com Asian Fisheries Science 22(2009):1189-1199 ISSN: 0116-6514 E-ISSN: 2073-3720 https://doi.org/10.33997/j.afs. 2009.22. 4.012 1189 Asian Fisheries Science 22(2009):1189-1199 1190 and T4 were 62,099±7,159 cells cm, 59,259±7,941 cells cm, 53,827±12,983 cells cm and 56,419±13,015 cells cm, respectively. The mean survival rate in treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 82.14, 84.53, 82.83 and 83.23%, respectively. The highest growth rate of fish observed after one month of stocking and then growth rate was decreased gradually. Highest total net fish yield was recorded in T2 (1,619 kg ha), where 25% fertilizer was used along with Dhaincha followed by T1 (1,249 kg ha), T3 (1,421 kg ha) and T4 (1,268 kg ha). It can be concluded that use of dhaincha along with 25% fertilizer would be a better environment friendly management system for pond aquaculture than the only fertilizer dependent culture practice.
MANAGEMENT INTENSITY EFFECTS ON ANIMAL PERFORMANCE AND HERBAGE RESPONSE IN BAHIAGRASS PASTURES

of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science MANAGEMENT INTENSITY EFFECTS ON ANIMAL PERFORMANCE AND HERBAGE RESPONSE IN BAHIAGRASS PASTURES By R. Lawton Stewart, Jr. August 2003 Chairman: Lynn E. Sollenberger Major Department: Agronomy Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) pasture covers approximately one million hectares in Florida, 90% of which is utilized by beef cattle. Urbanization may force beef producers to achieve economic livelihood on reduced land area. One option for producers is to increase intensity of management of the remaining pasture resource. The objectives of this research were 1) to evaluate the effects of management intensity (MI), defined as combinations of N fertilization and stocking rates (SR), on yearling beef heifer and bahiagrass pasture performance (Exp. 1), and 2) to evaluate bahiagrass forage responses to continuous and rotational stocking (Exp. 2). Treatments in Exp. 1 included LOW (40 kg N ha yr, 1.2 animal units [AU, one AU=500 kg live weight] ha SR), MODERATE (120 kg N ha yr, 2.4 AU ha SR), and HIGH MI (360 kg N ha yr, 3.6 AU ha SR). Treatments in Exp. 2 were continuous stocking, and rotational stocking with 1-, 3-, 7-, and 21-d grazing periods. All rotational treatments had a 21-d rest period.
Enhancing nutrient solubilization from organic waste using the microwave technology

Organic wastes like sewage sludge and dairy manure were subjected to microwave enhanced advanced oxidation process (MW/H 20-AOP). The MW/H 2O-AOP was developed to release nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen in the soluble form from the organic waste; these nutrients could be further recovered and reused. In the past, this process has been successfully applied to a series of organic waste for the purpose of solubilizing nutrients. The objectives of this research were to: (1) improve the MW/H 20-AOP in terms of nutrient release by determining the different factors that influence the treatment, (2) define the factors affecting the process in their order of significance and (3) check the efficacy of the process on various waste. In the MW/H 20-AOP, the role of mixing was verified, using municipal sewage sludge (aerobic and anaerobic). It was speculated that mixing the samples during the process would facilitate uniform heating and thus promote more nutrient release. At a microwave temperature of 80 °C, heating time of 5 minutes and hydrogen peroxide dosage of 1 mL per 1% of total solids, the results showed that mixed samples gave a higher nutrient solubilization compared to the unmixed. Subsequently, mixing and solids concentration were incorporated in a screening design with the other proven important factors viz., microwave temperature and hydrogen peroxide dosage. The results showed that microwave temperature and hydrogen peroxide dosage were the most significant factors for the release of orthophosphate, ammonia and soluble chemical oxygen demand. Preliminary experiments treating anaerobic sludge using MW/H 2O-AOP showed a decrease in orthophosphate concentration below the initial untreated value while for ammonia and volatile fatty acids the concentrations remained same as the initial. In this case, the set microwave temperature was 80 °C with 5 minutes heating and hydrogen peroxide dosage of 1 mL per 1% total solids at pH 7. To investigate this behavior, anaerobic sludge was treated at two pH conditions (7.8 and 4) at microwave temperatures ranging from 80 to 160 °C with hydrogen peroxide dosage of lmL per 1% total solids for 5 minutes. The results showed that acid addition helped in the destruction of sludge solids and release of nutrients.
Learning to listen: background conversations in enterprise system implementations

The research study described in this paper utilises the theoretical lens of background conversations to examine the phenomenon of resistance to change in a longitudinal case study of an enterprise system (ES) implementation. In order to reveal the complex nature of resistance, the research study adopts a social constructionist perspective, leading to findings which are significantly different from the majority of studies that employ a modernist perspective that characterises resistance as a property located in recalcitrant users. In this study, the communications of change agents (project team members) and change recipients were used to understand the different constructions each group had made of the change context, and how resistance was constructed within those different project realities. The particular 'background conversations' revealed were those of complacency and complacent cynicism on the parts of the project team (change agents) and the users (change recipients) respectively. Using the lens of background conversations and thus understanding the backdrop against which various communications were conducted, enabled the researchers to understand and reconcile apparently irreconcilable reconstructed stories that were evident in the two groups. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed in the latter sections of the paper.
Wind stress forcing of the North Sea 'pole tide'

SUMMARY We conduct numerical simulations of the wind forcing of sea level variations in the North Sea using a barotropic ocean model with realistic geography and bathymetry to examine the forcing of the 14 month ‘pole tide’, which is known to be anomalously large along the Denmark‐Netherlands coast. The simulation input is the monthly mean surface wind stress field from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis for the 40 year period 1958‐1997. The ocean model output sea level response is then compared with 10 coastal tide gauge records from the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) over the same period of time. Besides the strong seasonal variations, several prominent quasi-periodicities exist near 7 years, 3 years, 14 months, 9 months and 6.5 months. Correlations and spectral analyses show remarkable agreement between the model output and the observations, particularly in the 14 month, or Chandler, period band. The latter indicates that the enhanced pole tide found in the North Sea along the Denmark‐Netherlands coast is actually the coastal set-up response to wind stress forcing with a periodicity of around 14 months. We find no need to invoke a geophysical explanation involving resonance enhancement of the pole tide in the North Sea to explain the observations.
Policing the Banks

Abbreviations Foreword by James McNeill Acknowledgments Introduction 1 Globalization and the Rise of Accountability Mechanisms 2 The World Bank and the History of Accountability 3 Inception of the World Bank Inspection Panel, Its Mandate, and Its Structure 4 Accountability Mechanisms in Other Multilateral Financial Institutions 5 Accountability for the Private Financial Sector 6 The Daily Work of an Accountability Mechanism 7 Results of an International Survey 8 A Swan Song and a Major New Development: Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Mechanisms Appendices:1 Resolution Establishing the World Bank Inspection Panel 2 The Equator Principles II, July 26 3 Background Interviews 4 Experts Who Contributed to the Study Notes Websites Bibliography Index
Stable isotope profiles of Tridacna maxima as environmental indicators

To better understand the relationship between stable isotopic composition (13C/2C, 1801160) and symbiosis, ontogeny, and environment, detailed isotopic profiles were constructed for specimens of the giant clam Tridacna maxima and an encrusting bivalve (Chama cf savignyi) and coral (Montastrea spp.). Specimens were collected alive from depths of 1 m and 9 m within Rose Atoll (14? 31' S, 168? 1O' W) in the southwestPacific. Shells were sampled sequentially on the external shell layer along radial sections extending from the umbo to the outer shell margin, recording growth throughout the ontogeny of the organisms. Juvenile portions of the tridacnids accurately record seasonal water temperature fluctuations at the atoll. The amplitude of the 8QO profiles in tridacnids is greater in shallow specimens due to greater environmental variability. These shallower specimens have lower 8180 and 813C values compared to the deeper channel mouth specimen, probably because of higher temperatures and the greater influence of 13C-depleted carbon from oxidation of organic matter in sediments and from meteoric water. Ontogeny also influences the isotopic record of Tridacna. Once maturity is reached, growth is suppressed by high temperatures during summer. In addition, 813C values decline. Knowing the time of collection, we can correlate 8180 maxima and minima of different tridacnids, and of a tridacnid and its encrusting Chama. However, the shapes of the peaks often differ, suggesting that correlation of the 8180 profiles of fossil tridacnids would be difficult. No correlation is possible between the 813C records of live tridacnids. The similarity between the carbon isotopic composition of the symbiont-free bivalve Chama and the symbiont-bearing bivalve Tridacna it encrusts suggests that the presence of symbionts has no identifiable effect on the isotopic composition of Tridacna shells.
Assessment of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours among University Students in the Asir Region—Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours (KAB) of health and non-health-related students at university concerning oral health. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study with a 3-month duration in 2023 was conducted amongst King Khalid University (KKU) students. This study used a self-administered, anonymous web-based survey with a simple random sampling strategy as part of its cross-sectional design. The questionnaire had four sections totalling 26 questions to evaluate KAB. A chi-square test was used to evaluate significant differences between categories. Results: Of the 845 respondents who completed the survey, 43.78% were health-related students, while 56.21% were non-health-related students. The completed responses included bacteria causing gingival problems (60.81% vs. 36%), fizzy soft drinks adversely affecting teeth (67.83% vs. 40%), tobacco chewing or smoking possibly causing oral cancer (68.37% vs. 44%), white patches or dental plaque on teeth (61.89% vs. 41.47%), brushing teeth twice a day to improve oral health (81.62% vs. 42.52%), keeping teeth clean (64.86% vs. 41.68%), improper brushing leading to gum disease (70% vs. 40.63%), brushing with fluoridated toothpaste to prevent tooth decay (63% vs. 40%), bleeding gums denoting gum infection (26.98% vs. 21.30%), the importance of teeth similar to any body part (61.62% vs. 37.89%), prioritising teeth as other parts of the body (61.05% vs. 36.21%), brushing teeth twice daily (55.67% vs. 37.05%), and routine dental check-ups (55.40% vs. 14.10%) for health and non-health-related students, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated less oral health KAB in non-health-related students than in health-related students. Nonetheless, healthcare students provided erroneous information regarding oral health. Therefore, we urge the appropriate authorities to offer health and non-health-related students the best oral health promotion programmes and services, thereby seeking to improve their oral health knowledge while stressing the importance of practising excellent oral hygiene.
Distribution of fossil marine vertebrates in Cerro Colorado, the type locality of the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei (Miocene, Pisco Formation, Peru)

Hundreds of fossil marine vertebrates cropping out at Cerro Colorado (Pisco Basin, Peru) are identified and reported on a 1:6500 scale geological map and in a joined stratigraphic section. All the fossils are from the lower strata of the Pisco Formation, dated in this area to the late middle or early late Miocene. They are particularly concentrated (88%) in the stratigraphic interval from 40 to 75 m above the unconformity with the underlying Chilcatay Formation. The impressive fossil assemblage includes more than 300 specimens preserved as bone elements belonging mostly to cetaceans (81%), represented by mysticetes (cetotheriids and balaenopteroids) and odontocetes (kentriodontid-like delphinidans, pontoporiids, ziphiids, and physeteroids, including the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei). Seals, crocodiles, sea turtles, seabirds, bony fish, and sharks are also reported. Isolated large teeth of Carcharocles and Cosmopolitodus are common throughout the investigated stratigraphical interval, whereas other shark teeth, mostly of carcharinids, are concentrated in one sandy interval. This work represents a first detailed census of the extraordinary paleontological heritage of the Pisco Basin and the basis for future taphonomic, paleoecological, and systematic studies, as well as a much needed conservation effort for this extremely rich paleontological site.
GOVERNMENT SPENDING ON EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MOZAMBIQUE: A COINTEGRATION APPROACH

This paper focuses on the effect of government education expenditure and economic growth in Mozambique using quarterly data between 1996 and 2012. The Johansen cointegration technique were used to examine the long run relationship among the variables and the error correction was applied to evaluate the short run adjustment dynamics. The diagnostic statistics reveal a goodness of fit of the estimated model. The empirical findings revealed that the gross domestic product, government spending on education, gross capital formation and the labor force were integrated of order one. The study also found out that the government expenditure on education in Mozambique is quite low. The government spending allocated from the budget was not more than 20% in the past 15 years. This is considered below the recommended percentage set by UNESCO and NEPAD. The study suggested that a concerted effort should be made by policy makers to enhance educational investment in order to accelerate economic growth. Keywords : Education, Economic Growth, Cointegration Resumo O presente artigo tem como objectivo analisar o efeito dos gastos do governo com educacao no crescimento economico em Mocambique usando dados trimestrais dos anos de 1996 a 2012. O teste de cointegracao de Johansen e o modelo de correcao de erro foram usados para testar a relacao de longo prazo existente entre as variaveis e para avaliar a dinâmica de ajustamento de curto prazo. O teste diagnostico estatistico revelou um bom ajuste do modelo estimado. Os resultados empiricos revelaram que o produto interno bruto, gastos do governo com educacao, a formacao bruta de capital e a forca de trabalho foram integradas na primeira ordem. O estudo concluiu que os gastos do governo com educacao em Mocambique sao baixos. O orcamento alocado aos gastos publicos nao ultrapassou os 20% nos ultimos 15 anos. Esta percentagem e considerada abaixo do valor recomendado pela UNESCO e a NEPAD. O estudo sugere o esforco articulado deve ser feito pelos fazedores de politicas para permitir o investimento na educacao e desta feita acelerar o crescimento economico. Palavras-chave : Educacao, Cointegracao, Crescimento Economico
Long noncoding RNA‐mediated epigenetic regulation of auxin‐related genes controls shade avoidance syndrome in Arabidopsis

The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) AUXIN‐REGULATED PROMOTER LOOP (APOLO) recognizes a subset of target loci across the Arabidopsis thaliana genome by forming RNA–DNA hybrids (R‐loops) and modulating local three‐dimensional chromatin conformation. Here, we show that APOLO regulates shade avoidance syndrome by dynamically modulating expression of key factors. In response to far‐red (FR) light, expression of APOLO anti‐correlates with that of its target BRANCHED1 (BRC1), a master regulator of shoot branching in Arabidopsis thaliana. APOLO deregulation results in BRC1 transcriptional repression and an increase in the number of branches. Accumulation of APOLO transcription fine‐tunes the formation of a repressive chromatin loop encompassing the BRC1 promoter, which normally occurs only in leaves and in a late response to far‐red light treatment in axillary buds. In addition, our data reveal that APOLO participates in leaf hyponasty, in agreement with its previously reported role in the control of auxin homeostasis through direct modulation of auxin synthesis gene YUCCA2, and auxin efflux genes PID and WAG2. We show that direct application of APOLO RNA to leaves results in a rapid increase in auxin signaling that is associated with changes in the plant response to far‐red light. Collectively, our data support the view that lncRNAs coordinate shade avoidance syndrome in A. thaliana, and reveal their potential as exogenous bioactive molecules. Deploying exogenous RNAs that modulate plant–environment interactions may therefore become a new tool for sustainable agriculture.
Developmental dyslexia : specific phonological deficit or general sensorimotor dysfunction ?

Dyslexia research now faces an intriguing paradox. It is becoming increasingly clear that a significant proportion of dyslexics present sensory and/or motor deficits; however, as this ‘sensorimotor syndrome’ is studied in greater detail, it is also becoming increasingly clear that sensory and motor deficits will ultimately play only a limited role in a causal explanation of specific reading disability.
Distribution and contamination of metals in the soil of Guandu Watershed

Coastal areas provide important benefits to humans in terms of food resources and ecosystem services. At the same time, human activities can have significant negative impacts on ecosystem health. Thus, control of watershed pollution is both necessary and essential in order to reduce and systematically eliminate the detrimental consequences that are evident in marine and estuarine ecosystems. The present study investigated the distribution of metals at the Guandu Watershed. Five sampling sites were selected for the soil analysis. Samples were collected from February 2013 to December 2014 and analysed for concentrations of As, Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Co, using ICP. For control, some samples were used in uncontaminated areas outside the direct effect of chemical industries. The data indicate the presence of metals at the research sites. While the levels of contamination are still slightly below the peak concentrations established by Brazilian legislation, they are approaching levels of concern, particularly with regard to As, Cd, Pb and Cr. The results indicate that the use of water from the Guandu Watershed for recreational purposes and fishing is harmful to both human health and the environment.
Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Kidney Function and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: A Systematic Review

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed medications for the management of various gastrointestinal disorders, primarily gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. However, recent concerns have emerged regarding their potential adverse effects on kidney function and their role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze the existing literature to assess the impact of PPI use on kidney function and CKD progression. We took information from PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and Google Scholar articles from the last 10 years, from 2013 to 2023, and looked for links between PPI use and a number of kidney-related outcomes. These included acute kidney injury, a drop in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and new cases of CKD. The findings of this systematic review highlight the need for a thorough evaluation of the benefits and risks associated with PPI use, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney conditions, in order to inform clinical decision-making and improve were taken out and looked at to see if there were any links between PPI use and different kidney-related events, such as acute kidney injury, a drop in the estimated eGFR, and the development of CKD. The review also explores potential mechanisms underlying PPI-induced nephrotoxicity. The findings of this systematic review highlight the need for a thorough evaluation of the benefits and risks associated with PPI use, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney conditions, in order to inform clinical decision-making and improve patient care. Further research is warranted to better understand the complex interplay between PPIs, kidney function, and CKD progression.