Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Microwave Emission from Coronal X-Ray Jets

We present evidence of the detection of microwave emission at 17 GHz in association with coronal X-ray jets. We present two typical cases—one on the disk (1995 March 31) and the other at the limb (1992 August 25). For the disk event we see 17 GHz emission from the upper part of the jet base (active region loop or loops), but no emission from the collimated X-ray jet itself, implying that it must be optically thin at 17 GHz. For the limb event, we see the base of the jet as well as the bottom part of the jet itself, implying that the optical depth is higher at the bottom part (obviously because of higher electron density) than at the top. We believe that the 17 GHz emission is thermal, because it is gradual and unpolarized, and that the heating process that gives rise to the jet X-ray plasma also results in the 17 GHz emission. The calculated 17 GHz flux densities seem to agree with the observed values within a factor of 2. We consider this disagreement to be quite reasonable in view of the various uncertainties involved in computing the emission in both radio and X-rays.
Wave Mechanics Applied to Semiconductor Heterostructures

Idealized Quantum Wells and Superlattices: A Summary. Band Structure of Bulk III-V Compounds. Envelope Function Description of Heterostructure Electronic States. Coulombic Bound States and Interface Defects in Heterostructures. Energy Levels in Modulation-Doped Heterostructures. Electrical Conductivity of Quasi Bi-Dimensional Electron Gases. Optical Properties of Quasi Bi-Dimensional Systems. Effect of Static External Electric and Magnetic Fields on the Energy Levels of Quasi Bi-Dimensional Electron Gases. Appendices.
Guided ultrasonic wave monitoring techniques to assess bone implant loosening

Total ankle replacement (TAR) is the main clinical treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis, replacing the ankle joint with a metallic implant. Component loosening, fracture, and wear are the main reasons for implant failure, requiring revision surgery. A non-invasive guided wave monitoring technique is being developed to ultimately evaluate in-vivo implant device integrity and bone-implant interface conditions (osseointegration). Finite Element (FE) simulations were performed to investigate the feasibility and sensitivity of ultrasonic monitoring of the interface conditions, assessing suitable guide d wave modes and excitation frequencies. A simplified implant geometry was developed for FE modelling in Abaqus/Explicit. Selected guided wave modes (higher-order longitudinal modes sensitive to bone/implant interface changes) were excited at the distal end of the metallic implant component for detection of variations of bone-implant contact conditions. Simulation results showed the feasibility for guided ultrasonic waves to monitor bone implant osseointegration. Guided wave signal amplitude and changes of arrival time of pulses propagating along the metallic implant can indicate the presence of improved osseointegration. The potential for the integration of the bone implant monitoring sensors and other biosensors into secure, blockchain-based, remote patient data management systems will be further investigated.
An Early Performance Evaluation of the NEXRAD Dual-Polarization Radar Rainfall Estimates for Urban Flood Applications

AbstractDual-polarization radars are expected to provide better rainfall estimates than single-polarization radars because of their ability to characterize hydrometeor type. The goal of this study is to evaluate single- and dual-polarization radar rainfall fields based on two overlapping radars (Kansas City, Missouri, and Topeka, Kansas) and a dense rain gauge network in Kansas City. The study area is located at different distances from the two radars (23–72 km for Kansas City and 104–157 km for Topeka), allowing for the investigation of radar range effects. The temporal and spatial scales of radar rainfall uncertainty based on three significant rainfall events are also examined. It is concluded that the improvements in rainfall estimation achieved by polarimetric radars are not consistent for all events or radars. The nature of the improvement depends fundamentally on range-dependent sampling of the vertical structure of the storms and hydrometeor types. While polarimetric algorithms reduce range effects.
Efficacy of Intramuscular Injection of Calcitonin on Pain Functional Status of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Background Recently, increased attention has been paid to calcitonin for the management of osteoarthritis (OA) regarding its metabolic properties for bone turnover and cartilage. Objectives This study was designed to assess the efficacy of intramuscular calcitonin injection in the functional status of individuals suffering from knee OA. Methods A total of 40 eligible cases with OA were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. At baseline, pain intensity and functional ability were evaluated based on the Numeric Rating scale (NRS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaires. Both groups were prescribed with AcetaGel (500 mg) and piroxicam (0.5% topical gel) every 8 hours as needed, and the patients were instructed about conservative treatments and lifestyle modifications. In the case group, the patients received calcitonin (50 IU/mL solution for injection; Aburaihan Pharmaceutical Co., Iran) intramuscularly (gluteal muscle) once a week for 4 consecutive weeks. One month after the last dose, the patients were evaluated based on NRS and WOMAC questionnaires. Results Demographic data did not show any statistically significant difference. A total of 40 cases (male and female) with mean age values of 53.10 ± 5.28 and 54.55 ± 5.26 years were included in the case and control groups, respectively. The mean body mass index values of the case and control groups were 27.45 ± 1.57 and 27.15 ± 1.53 kg/m2, respectively. After 1 month of treatment with calcitonin, significant improvements were observed in NRS outcomes (P < 0.001). The total WOMAC score was also statistically improved (P < 0.001). Conclusions The findings of the present study revealed that the weekly administration of 50 IU calcitonin for 28 days could significantly improve physical ability and pain intensity in OA patients.
Two parallel queues created by arrivals with two demands. II

We analyze the double queue that arises when arriving customers simultaneously place two demands handled independently by two servers. It is assumed that the customer arrivals form a Poisson process with mean 1, the servers have exponential service times with rates $\alpha ,\beta $ and $1 < \alpha \leqq \beta $, which implies stability of the queue. The equations for the equilibrium probabilities $p_{ij} = P$ (i customers in $\alpha $-queue, j customers in $\beta $-queue) are converted into a functional equations for $P(z,w) = \sum p_{ij} z^i w^j $, which exhibits a relation between $P(z,0)$, $P(0,w)$ on the portion $| z |$, $| w |\leqq 1$ of $S = \{ (z,w):(1 + \alpha + \beta )zw - \alpha w - \beta z - z^2 w^2 = 0\} $. S is a Riemann surface of genus 1 which is parametrized by a pair of elliptic functions $z = z(t)$, $w = w(t)$. The functional equation for $P(z,w)$ is converted into a set of conditions on $P(z(t),0)$, $P(0,w(t))$, which in turn lead to the determination of $P(z,w)$. From this, one obtains.
Wild Edible Plants of Andalusia: Traditional Uses and Potential of Eating Wild in a Highly Diverse Region

A review of ethnobotanical sources focused on traditionally-used wild food plants in Andalusia (southern Spain), one of the most biodiverse regions in Europe, is carried out. With 21 original sources plus some previously unpublished data, the dataset shows a high diversity of these traditional resources, reaching 336 species or c. 7% of the total wild flora. Cultural aspects related to the use of some species are discussed and data are compared with similar works. The results are discussed through the lens of conservation and bromatology. For 24% of the edible plants, informants also mentioned a medicinal use (achieved by consuming the same part of the plant). In addition, a list of 166 potentially edible species is provided based on a review of data from other Spanish territories.
The efficacy of paravertebral block evaluated by pain-related biomarkers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) following surgery for breast cancer: A randomized controlled study

Background and Aims: Paravertebral block has been found to be a recommended method of analgesia for breast surgeries. We aimed to assess the efficacy of paravertebral block compared to morphine by means of the visual analogue scale (VAS), pain-related biomarkers, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adult patients undergoing breast cancer surgeries under general anesthesia. Methodology: Forty patients undergoing breast surgery with or without lymph outcome were randomly divided into two groups. Group M received general anesthesia with intraoperative injection morphine (0.1 mg/kg) and group P received general anesthesia with paravertebral block with 0.25% bupivacaine (0.3 ml/kg). The primary objective was to compare the postoperative pain using VAS at baseline, 2 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours. Secondary objectives were to compare the levels of pain-related biomarkers and ROS in both the groups at baseline, 24 hours, and 48 hours and to study the correlation between the VAS and level of pain-related biomarkers and ROS. Results: There was no significant difference in the postoperative VAS scores in both the groups (P = 0.252, 0.548, 0.488 at baseline, 24 hours, and 48 hours, respectively) and no significant difference in the mean biomarkers in both the groups. The mean VAS negatively correlated with biomarker levels at 24 hours and 48 hours, but the change in VAS after 24 hours and 48 hours did not significantly correlate with the change in the biomarkers. Conclusion: Paravertebral block is equally efficacious to intraoperative morphine for breast surgeries for postoperative analgesia. The biomarker levels were not significantly different when patients received paravertebral block or morphine.
Aminooxy Click Modification of a Periodate-Oxidized Immunoglobulin G: A General Approach to Antibody–Drug Conjugates with Dye-Mediated Expeditious Stoichiometry Control

A universal approach to the construction of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) has been developed. It relies on periodate oxidation of naturally present glycans of immunoglobulin G, followed by oxime ligation and, optionally, copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition for conjugation with a toxic payload. The introduction of highly absorbing cyanine dyes into the linker allows for facile determination of the drug–antibody ratio. We applied this methodology to the synthesis of cytotoxic conjugates of an antibody against the tumor-associated antigen PRAME with doxorubicin and monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). The resultant conjugates retained their affinity to a large extent, yet their cytotoxicity in vitro varied dramatically: while the doxorubicin-based conjugate did not produce any effect on cells, the MMAE-based one demonstrated specific activity against PRAME-expressing cancer cell lines. Importantly, the latter conjugate constitutes the first reported example of a PRAME-targeting ADC.
Is the Harrison-Zel’dovich spectrum coming back? ACT preference for ns ∼ 1 and its discordance with Planck

The Data Release 4 of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) shows an agreement with an Harrison-Zel’dovich primordial spectrum (ns = 1.009 ± 0.015), introducing a tension with a significance of $99.3\%$ CL with the results from the Planck satellite. The discrepancy on the value of the scalar spectral index is neither alleviated with the addition of large scale structure information nor with the low multipole polarization data. We discuss possible avenues to alleviate the tension relying on either neglecting polarization measurements from ACT or in extending different sectors of the theory.
TAS2R38 gene in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection and blood groups in different age groups

Of the factors predisposing to gastric cancer is Helicobacter pylori infection affecting more than 50% of the general population. Genetic variation is an established player in certain diseases susceptibility. TAS2R38 gene polymorphisms have been found to influence bitter taste ability to chemicals with malicious characteristics and consequently affect metabolism and disease development. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between TAS2R38 gene polymorphisms and H. pylori seropositivity. The study involved 105 apparently healthy individuals. They were grouped into four groups according to their age and gender; young male, young female, middle-aged male and middle-aged female. All groups were tested for H. pylori serum antibody using screening rapid test. Participants were also tested for tasting PTC for TAS2R38 gene detection by using Bartovation PTC test paper and grouped accordingly into: homozygote (highly bitter taste), heterozygote (slight to moderate bitter taste), or negative gene carrier (no taste at all). ABO and Rhesus-blood grouping was determined by standard serological analysis. Of the 105 patients, 22.85% were tested homozygotes for TAS2R38 gene, 40.95% were heterozygotes and 36.19% were nontasters, no significant difference ( p > 0.9). H. pylori seropositivity was encountered in 16.19% of the whole participants, 11.5% of the male participants and 20.75% of the female participants ( p > 0.9). No significant difference in seropositivity was monitored among the four age groups ( p > 0.3) and the ABO/Rh blood groups ( p > 0.9). A lack of significant correlation (r = 0.046) between H. pylori antibody test positivity and tasting PTC ( TAS2R38 gene) was reported. Similarly, no association was found between PTC tasting and participants’ ABO blood grouping, age or gender (r = 0.086, 0.083 and 0.029, respectively). Yet, weak negative (reverse) relationship (r = -0.29, p -value = 0.002) was gained between PTC and Rh grouping. No correlation was revealed between TAS2R38 polymorphism and the studied variable; age, gender and blood group indicating the absence of an apparent role of the gene in vulnerability to H. pylori infection. Further studies involving a larger sample size is required to confirm the obtained result.
Does end-of-life ships research trends change in last three decades? A review for the future roadmap

ABSTRACT Ships play a vital role in international trade for optimising transportation costs and help in boosting the economy in a globalized world. Therefore, a plethora of research has already been available in the areas related to the design, production, and operations of ships. However, little progress has been made around end-of-life (EOL) ships. For recycling the EOL ships, the terms “shipbreaking” and “ship recycling” were used in past studies and most of the time these terms can be interchangeably used in different studies. Still, there is a contextual difference that is further discussed. This study compiled the different methods of shipbreaking and ship recycling and the key regulations that facilitate the handling of EOL ships. Furthermore, it assesses the research trends of EOL ships from 1991 to 2021 through a systematic review with bibliometric analysis using the database of Scopus. For the systematic review, the topmost relevant publications are evaluated, and the key findings are compiled to find out the overall status of their contributions to shipbreaking and ship recycling research. Gaps are identified, and future research directions are discovered that might serve as a roadmap for further research development on EOL ships.
The Slow Manifold for the Shallow Water Equations on the f Plane

Abstract Functional equations defining the slow manifold are obtained for the shallow water equations on the f plane. These equations are solved using an expansion in powers of nonlinearity. Solutions of the shallow water equations corresponding to initial conditions on the slow manifold evolve on this manifold during a long time and are devoid of oscillations at the frequency of inertial–gravity waves. The evolution equation on the slow manifold is obtained. The knowledge of explicit differential equations for the slow manifold allows one to solve the problem of initialization in a new manner. For the dynamical initialization, the sought fields are obtained as power series of the slow mode amplitude with known coefficients. For the static initialization by geopotential, the velocity field is determined from a strongly nonlinear equation.
Crystal structures and elastic properties of superhard IrN2 and IrN3 from first principles

First principles calculations were performed to investigate the structural, elastic, and electronic properties of IrN2 for various space groups: cubic Fm-3m and Pa-3, hexagonal P3(2)21, tetragonal P4(2)/mnm, orthorhombic Pmmn, Pnnm, and Pnn2, and monoclinic P2(1)/c. Our calculation indicates that the P2(1)/c phase with arsenopyrite-type structure is energetically more stable than the other phases. It is semiconducting (the remaining phases are metallic) and contains diatomic N-N with the bond distance of 1.414 A. These characters are consistent with the experimental facts that IrN2 is in lower symmetry and nonmetallic. Our conclusion is also in agreement with the recent theoretical studies that the most stable phase of IrN2 is monoclinic P2(1)/c. The calculated bulk modulus of 373 GPa is also the highest among the considered space groups. It matches the recent theoretical values of 357 GPa within 4.3% and of 402 GPa within 7.8%, but smaller than the experimental value of 428 GPa by 14.7%. Chemical bonding and potential displacive phase transitions are discussed for IrN2. For IrN3, cubic skutterudite structure (Im-3) was assumed.
The Determinants of Digital Piracy Behaviour in Malaysia

The advancement of technology has facilitated sustainable and significant development in supporting digitalisation of business operations, including but not limited to electronic commerce, but also resulting in a significant increase in digital crimes, particularly online piracy. Many consumers seek out pirated content and the majority of them do not perceive it as something that could eventually harm the creative industry or perceive it as a wrong practice. Therefore, the problem of online piracy becomes rampant. This research investigates the direct and indirect relationships between deviant peer associations, perceived benefits, attitude towards digital piracy, subjective norms, self-efficacy, digital piracy intention and actual digital piracy behaviour. A total of 450 samples were gathered via an online self-administered questionnaire survey. The data was evaluated by structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). According to the statistical findings, all of the direct and indirect relationships among the seven variables are significantly supported. This study provides theoretical and managerial implications by demonstrating that digital piracy intention has a significant relationship on actual digital piracy behaviour as well as deviant peer associations have a significant relationship on an individual’s attitude towards digital piracy. This study concludes with some limitations and recommendations for the future digital piracy research.
Experiments and non-linear MHD simulations of hot vertical displacement events in ASDEX-Upgrade

Hot vertical displacement events (VDEs) are one of the worst case scenarios for high-current tokamaks as they are associated with large heat loads and electro-magnetic forces. Non-linear magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the thermal and current quench can help to understand their dynamics and consequences. In order to make predictions for future devices, the validation of codes against present machines is crucial. Dedicated experiments were performed in ASDEX Upgrade to provide a basis for simulations with the non-linear extended MHD code JOREK. 2D as well as non-axisymmetric simulations at realistic parameters can reproduce quantities like the edge safety factor q 95 at the thermal quench onset, the halo current magnitude and the level of vertical forces, while the exact width of the halo current area requires more sophisticated boundary conditions and is left for future work. Small horizontal forces are observed during the hot VDEs in the experiment as well as in the simulations.
The interstellar and intrinsic polarizations of HESS J0632+057

We present the analysis of early published by Yudin & Evans polarimetric data for TeV γ -ray binary HESS J0632+057 (HD 259440, MWC 148). It was found out that some fraction of the observed polarization (about 2 per cent) may have an intrinsic (stellar/circumstellar) origin. We supposed that a global net polarization of a few per cent can be produced by the circumstellar disc which may be oriented at the angle of either 165◦ or 75◦ in the plane of the sky. Investigation of long-term polarimetric changes (at different epochs) shows that the object exhibits significant variability (∼0.7 per cent) in the blue spectral region (photometric band U). Short-term polarimetric variability (hours) may also occur but more precise measurements are needed to make definite conclusions.
Some Uniqueness Results Related to Building Structural Identification

This paper studies the nature of uniqueness in the identification of building structural systems subjected to strong ground shaking. Characterization of the stiffness distribution in the structure from a knowledge of response of one of the floors to a base excitation is investigated. It is shown that uniqueness of the results, in the inverse problem, can be established by proper sensor location. At sensor locations where nonunique solutions are present, an upper bound on the number of such solutions has been presented. The degree of nonuniqueness is found to monotonically increase with increasing height of sensor in the building system from at most one, for a sensor located at the first floor level, to at most N! for a sensor located at the Nth floor of an N story structure.