Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paleomagnetism of ∼1.09 Ga Lake Shore Traps (Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan): new results and implications

We report paleomagnetic data from a new section of the ∼1.09 Ga Lake Shore Traps exposed on Silver Island (10 flows) and on the adjacent mainland (two flows) along the northwestern coastline of the Keweenaw Peninsula in Michigan. We also present new data from nine additional lava flows, sampled from the tip of the peninsula previously studied by Diehl and Haig in 1994. Samples from all these lava flows yield well-defined characteristic magnetization directions upon thermal demagnetization. After structural tilt correction, the directions from Silver Island (site-mean declination, D = 276.9°; site-mean inclination, I = 44.4°; 95% radius of confidence for site mean, α95 = 2.6°; number of samples, N = 10) and mainland (D = 298.7°, I = 36.0°, α95 = 10.1°, N = 2) flows are close to the directions from equivalent lava flows from the upper (D = 277.8°, I = 41.0°, α95 = 2.3°, N = 17) and lower (D = 300.0°, I = 34.9°, α95 = 2.3°, N = 10) sections of the middle Lake Shore Traps exposed at the eastern tip of the Pen.
In search of the late Miocene–early Pliocene “biogenic bloom” in the Atlantic Ocean (Ocean Drilling Program Sites 982, 925, and 1088)

[1] We reconstruct paleoproductivity at three sites in the Atlantic Ocean (Ocean Drilling Program Sites 982, 925, and 1088) to investigate the presence and extent of the late Miocene to early Pliocene “biogenic bloom” from 9 to 3 Ma. Our approach involves construction of multiple records including benthic foraminiferal and CaCO3 accumulation rates, Uvigerina counts, dissolution proxies, and geochemical tracers for biogenic and detrital fluxes. This time interval also contains the so-called late Miocene carbon isotope shift, a well-known decrease in benthic foraminiferal δ13C values. We find that the timing of paleoproductivity maxima differs among the three sites. At Site 982 (North Atlantic), benthic foraminifera and CaCO3 accumulation were both at a maximum at ∼5 Ma, with smaller peaks at ∼6 Ma. The paleoproductivity maximum was centered earlier (∼6.6–6.0 Ma) in the tropical Atlantic (Site 925). In the South Atlantic (Site 1088), paleoproductivity increased even earlier, between 8.2 Ma and 6.2 Ma, and remained relatively high until ∼5.4 Ma. We note that there is some overlap between the interval of maximum productivity between Sites 925 and 1088, as well as the minor productivity increase at Site 982. We conclude that the paleoproductivity results support hypotheses aiming to place the biogenic bloom into a global context of enhanced productivity. In addition, we find that at all three sites the δ13C shift is accompanied by carbonate dissolution. This observation is consistent with published studies that have sought a relationship between the late Miocene carbon isotope shift and carbonate preservation.
Erasmus Mobility on the Institutional Level

here are various reasons that study abroad has become increasingly more popular and prominent, some of them can be associated with the human capital. For instance, studying abroad can directly or indirectly influence students’ career paths and potentially offers additional job opportunities. In Europe, a very important opportunity for study abroad is well known Erasmus student mobility programme. In the paper we defined a network of Erasmus student exchanges on the institutional level. Firstly, more important universities with the highest number of Erasmus student exchanges were identified. Majority of them are coming from four the most represented countries in the programme: Spain, Italy, France and Germany. With the help of an advanced network analytic method – the island approach – we were actually able to determine the groups of institutions in the network which collaborate most extensively inside of Erasmus student exchange programme. Moreover, important islands were identified and analysed. We also confirmed findings of other authors on the same topic although our research was conducted over longer period of time.
Velocity structure of the Qinling lithosphere and mushroom cloud model

Based on seismic tomography, explosive seismic sounding and seismic reflective profiling data, the lithosphere of the Qinling orogen can be divided into three parts. The upper lithosphere is the crust, having a thickness of 32-34km. The middle lithosphere is horizontal layering. 25-40 km thick. The lower lithosphere juxtaposed steeply declined high velocity and low velocity rock series, which might be split open under extension. Hot mantle flow upwelled to the level of the Moho then turned to horizontal direction and formed middle lithosphere. The shape of these kinds of lithosphere is somewhat like mushroom cloud in nuclear explosion. There is no causality between crustal structure of the Qinling orogen and its upper mantle structure nowadays. The Qinling orogen might be an intracontinental orogen of Indosinian-Yanshanian period, formed by wedging of the Yangtze crust into the middle crust of North China craton. and by reformation of extension in E-W direction in postorogenic period.
Synoptic controls upon d 18 O in southern Tasmanian precipitation

[ 1 ] An event-based record of 18 O in precipitation at Margate in Tasmania, Australia, was analysed using 3d Lagrangian trajectories and composites of ERA40 850hPa geopotential height for the years 1994–2002. Trajectory analysis found that moisture entrainment occurs during the 48 hour period prior to arrival for all precipitating air masses at Margate. The rate of entrainment was greatest for events of high rainfall/high depletion, contributing up to 19% of vapour in the air mass in summer and up to 47% in winter. The majority of air masses were found to be advected from the Southern Ocean, however, for high rainfall/high depletion events during summer 30% of air masses were found to approach from the Tasman Sea (east of 155E longitude). Mean isotope ratios were less depleted by 1.4 % for these events indicating mixing with less depleted air. High rainfall/high depletion events were also associated with negative geopotential anomalies east of Tasmania.
Element mobilities and the Australian regolith – a mineral exploration perspective

Much of the Australian regolith ranges from Palaeogene to Late Cretaceous in age or even older, contrasting with the relatively young landscapes of the Northern Hemisphere. Hence, many imported geochemical exploration methods are unsuitable for Australian environments; this has led to successful homegrown innovation. Exploration geochemistry seeks to track geochemical anomalies arising from concealed ore deposits to their source. Much is known about element associations for different types of ore deposits and about observed patterns of dispersion. Element mobility in a range of Western Australian environments is discussed, drawing on field examples from the Mt Percy and Boddington gold mines and the Yandal greenstone belt, with reference to the effect of modern and past weathering regimes and the influence of groundwater on element mobility. Soil biota and vegetation affect Au mobility in the regolith, but specific processes, scale and environmental factors are unknown. Possible future synergies between biogeochemical or environmental research and regolith exploration geochemistry include determining the fundamental biogeochemical processes involved in the formation of geochemical anomalies as well as environmental concerns such as regolith aspects of land degradation. Exploration geochemists must study the work of biogeochemical and environmental researchers, and vice versa. There should also be collaborative research with regolith scientists and industry.
North Sea archaeologies

North Sea Archaeologies traces the way people engaged with the North Sea from the end of the last ice age, around 10,000 BC, to the close of the Middle Ages, about AD 1500, drawing upon archaeological research from many countries, including the UK, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Belgium, and France. It addresses topics which include the first interactions of people with the emerging North Sea, the origin and development of fishing, the creation of coastal landscapes, the importance of islands and archipelagos, the development of seafaring ships and their use by early seafarers and pirates, and the treatment of boats and ships at the end of their useful lives. The study offers a ‘maritime turn’ in Archaeology through the investigation of aspects of human behaviour that have been, to various extents, disregarded, overlooked, or ignored in archaeological studies of the land. The study concludes that the relationship between humans and the sea challenges the frequently invoked dichotomy between pre-modernity and modernity, since many ancient beliefs, superstitions, and practices linked to seafaring and engagement with the sea are still widespread in the modern era.
Crust and upper mantle structure beneath the Pacific Northwest from joint inversions of ambient noise and earthquake data

We perform a joint inversion of phase velocities from both earthquake and ambient noise induced Rayleigh waves to determine shear wave velocity structure in the crust and upper mantle beneath the Pacific Northwest. We focus particularly on the areas affected by mid‐Miocene to present volcanic activity. The joint inversion, combined with the high density seismic network of the High Lava Plains seismic experiment and data from the EarthScope Transportable Array, provides outstanding resolution for this area. In Oregon, we find that the pattern of low velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle varies between the High Lava Plains physiographic province and the adjacent northwestern Basin and Range. These patterns may be due to the presence of the Brothers Fault Zone which separates the clockwise rotating northwest Basin and Range from the relatively undeformed areas further north. Further to the east, the Owyhee Plateau, Snake River Plain (SRP) and northeastern Basin and Range are characterized by high crustal velocities, though the depth extent of these fast wave speeds varies by province. Of particular interest is the mid‐crustal high velocity sill, previously only identified within the SRP. We show this anomaly extends significantly further south into Utah and Nevada. We suggest that one possible explanation is lateral crustal extrusion due to the emplacement of the high density mafic mid‐crustal sill structures within the SRP.
Biochronological data inferred from the Early Pleistocene small mammals of the Barranc de la Boella site (Tarragona, north‐eastern Spain)

In 2007, remains of Mammuthus meridionalis and 334 lithic artefacts were recovered in level 2 of Barranc de la Boella. The presence of M. meridionalis allows us to assign an age older than 700 ka to this level, which represents one of the few sites of this age with palaeontological remains associated with lithic industry. It also enables us to shed light on questions pertaining to the chronology and the biogeography of the earliest European human settlements. In this paper, the small mammals from the Barranc de la Boella site are described for the first time, with special emphasis on the arvicolines. The presence of Victoriamys chalinei and Mimomys savini allows us to estimate the age of level 2. Level 2 of the Barranc de la Boella site ranges between the top of the Jaramillo subchron (0.99 Ma) and shortly after the Brunhes–Matuyama transition at 0.78 Ma, thus covering a time span of great importance for our knowledge of the earliest human occupations in Western Europe.
Spatial and environmental impacts on adverse birth outcomes in Ontario

This study assesses the overall spatial variations and neighbourhood-level “hot spots” of low birth weight and preterm birth incidence within three public health units in Ontario, Canada. The analysis uses a stepwise approach of intra-class correlation analysis, a spatial scan statistic, and multilevel spatial modeling. Results show that neighbourhood level variation accounts for only 2–3 percent of the total variation of adverse birth outcomes in the study area. However, strong spatial autocorrelation is observed at the neighbourhood level, and spatial clusters of relatively high adverse birth outcome rates exist in areas that are associated with environmental risks, including pollution sources and proximity to highways. Thus, although estimated neighbourhood impacts on adverse birth outcomes are small compared with those of individual-level risks, local high potential environmental risk areas are identifiable. Environmental surveillance and spatial statistical analysis should be conducted regularly by local health authorities to identify and monitor the impact of environmental changes on health in general and on birth outcomes in particular. Specific community-oriented health interventions may be required to reduce observed local health impacts. Les effets des conditions spatiales et environnementales sur les issues de grossesse defavorables en Ontario Cette etude evalue les variations spatiales globales et les « endroits nevralgiques »a l’echelle des quartiers a l’egard du faible poids des nouveaux nes et de la prevalence des naissances prematurees dans trois directions de sante publique en Ontario, Canada. Pour ce faire, une approche par etapes a ete adoptee reposant sur une analyse des correlations intra classes, un balayage statistique spatial (spatial scan statistic) et une modelisation spatiale multi-niveaux. Les resultats revelent que les ecarts entre les quartiers representent seulement de 2 a 3 pour cent de la variation totale des issues de grossesse defavorables dans notre terrain d’etude. Cependant, une forte auto correlation spatiale au niveau des quartiers a ete observee ainsi que l’existence de grappes spatiales ou les taux d’issues de grossesse defavorables sont relativement eleves, comme dans les milieux exposes a des risques environnementaux tels que les sources de pollution et la proximite des autoroutes. Par consequent, bien que, selon les estimations, les effets de quartier sur les issues de grossesse defavorables soient faibles comparativement aux risques associes aux individus eux-memes, des zones locales de risques environnementaux potentiellement eleves ont ete recensees. Un programme de surveillance environnementale et d’analyse statistique spatiale devrait etre coordonne sur une base reguliere par le service local de sante publique afin de definir et controler les effets des changements environnementaux sur la sante globale et sur les issues de grossesse en particulier. Des interventions de sante ciblees et axees sur les communautes seraient necessaires pour que les effets observes sur la santea l’echelle locale soient attenues.
Carbon Burial Rates in Sediments and a Carbon Mass Balance for the Herbert River Region of the Great Barrier Reef Continental Shelf, North Queensland, Australia

The largest century scale carbon reservoir in the Herbert River sector of the Great Barrier Reef continental shelf is carbonate carbon. This carbonate carbon is produced by corals, coralline algae, and other benthic organisms, and is stored on less than 13% of the area of the shelf. Maximum organic carbon burial rates (1–28 mol m−2 yr−1) occur within a wind-protected <20 m water depth embayment (<1% area of the shelf), where the highest bulk sedimentation rates (1–12 kg m−2 yr−1) were determined from 210Pb and137 Cs profiles in 1–4 m cores. Sediment, organic carbon (OC), and carbonate carbon (CC) accumulation rates are very low in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon shelf and slope, where most annual productivity (8–15 mol OC m−2 yr−1) is decomposed by algal and microbial respiration. A carbon mass balance indicated that approximately 1% of combined river and marine organic carbon production was preserved in across-shelf sedimentation, but 3% of river and mangrove organic carbon input was preserved in this small wind-protected embayment. An across-shelf carbon mass balance model predicted average shelf organic matter respiration correctly, and the ratio of organic carbon fixation to respiration (corrected for burial losses) was 1·06.
Orbital tuning of a lower Cretaceous composite record (Maiolica Formation, central Italy)

[1] A high-resolution pelagic bulk carbonate stable isotope record from a central Tethyan lower Cretaceous composite section is presented. Three well-exposed sedimentary sequences (Chiaserna Monte Acuto, Bosso, and Gorgo a Cerbara sections, central Italy) cropping out throughout the Maiolica Formation were correlated by a detailed magnetostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, and calcareous plankton biostratigraphy in order to reconstruct a continuous composite record from the middle Berriasian to the lower Aptian. The integrated stratigraphy of the three sequences provided an accurate time framework for the new high-resolution C isotope curve which is presented in this study. The composite δ13C signal, recorded in the depth domain, was analyzed by combined Lomb-Scargle periodogram and weighted wavelet Z transform (WWZ) – weighted wavelet amplitudes (WWA) Foster wavelet spectral methodologies, both appropriate for unevenly sampled curves. These tools allowed us to unravel the main frequencies modulating the record and their hypothetical shift in depth, respectively. The long-term, ∼400,000 and ∼2,400,000 years, eccentricity cycles were consistently recorded throughout all the composite record. Once band-pass filtered in these two periodicity bands and compared to the lithologic pattern cycles identified throughout the composite sequence, the δ13C signal was used as a valuable proxy record for a reliable construction of an orbital tuning of the early Cretaceous. An estimated age for all the different stratigraphic events recognized throughout the composite record was reported. In particular, the reestimated ages of the paleomagnetic chrons, documented in the upper part of the record, show differences with those reported by Gradstein et al. (2004) up to ∼2 m.y. The Valanginian carbon shift, present in the middle part of the composite sequence was estimated to be ∼2.3 m.y. long. The good agreement between the estimated age of the base of this positive carbon isotope excursion (∼136.34 m.y.) and the predominant volcanic phase associated to the Parana-Etendeka large igneous province intrusion confirmed a possible cause-effect link between the two events.
Characteristics of the Heat Balance of the Greenland Ice sheet for Modelling

Abstract Data of the heat balance measured during EGIG 1959 and 1967 are applied to calculate the shift in equilibrium line due to climatic changes. The analysis follows Kuhn’s algorithm by determining from the data: (i) response of the net radiation balance due to changes in air temperature, cloudiness, and albedo, (ii) the response of the sensible heat flux due to changes in air temperature, (iii) the altitudinal gradients of air temperature and cumulative accumulation, (iv) the duration of the ablation season, and (v) the significance of superimposed ice. The shift of the equilibrium line due to changes in cloudiness is negligible compared to that which is caused by changes in temperature. The formation of superimposed ice, however, influences the result considerably. The shift of the equilibrium line amounts to +77 m K−1 at constant cloudiness and –4 m per 1/10 cloudiness at constant temperature.
EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANCY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The study's objective was to evaluate patients' quality of life with malignancy during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study was conducted at the Department of Oncology, Anmol Hospital, Lahore, from August 2020- February 2021. 250 stage III and IV cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were selected for the study. The patients were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding the ongoing covid-19 pandemic, their cognitive responses to it, their preventive measures, and access to medical treatment. In addition, patients were also asked to respond to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life. The data analysis showed a significantly low quality of life for pandemic cancer patients (42.6) compared to non-pandemic patients (61.5). The physical (69.1 vs. 71.2) and emotional functioning (69.5 vs. 71.5) did not vary significantly in both groups; however, the cognitive (70.8 vs. 83.2) and social functioning (68.3 vs. 75.1) were significantly high in the reference group (p<0.001). The pandemic did not have much effect on the role functioning of cancer patients. The symptom scale showed a higher value in pandemic patients than the non-pandemic patients, with insomnia (41.0), fatigue (42.7), and appetite loss (27.4) being the most common symptoms. Thus, it can be concluded that the quality of life of cancer patients is seriously affected by covid-19. Thus, necessary measures should be taken to improve such circumstances.
TEMA PADA PUISI-PUISI KARYA SISWA DALAM BULETIN SUARA PUSPA DI SMA NEGERI 5 YOGYAKARTA EDISI JUNI 2013 - JANUARI 2014

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan tema yang terdapat dalam puisi-puisi karya siswa dalam Buletin Suara Puspa di SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta edisi Juni 2013 – Januari 2014. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode analisis isi. Penelitan ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan analisis konten. Populasinya semua karya yang ada dalam Buletin Suara Puspa di SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta edisi Juni 2013 – Januari 2014. Instrument utama dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri (Human Instrument). Dalam hal ini, peneliti berfungsi menetapkan fokus penelitian, memilih informan sebagai sumber data, melakukan pengumpulan data, menilai kualitas data, analisis data, menafsirkan data dan membuat kesimpulan atas temuanya. Hasil penelitian puisi karya siswa yang terdapat dalam Buletin Suara Puspa di SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta edisi Juni 2013 – Januari 2014 menunjukkan bahwa pertama, unsur tema yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, tema jasmaniah (physical) terdapat enam judul klasifikasi tema jasmaniah, yaitu pada judul puisi “Hujan”, “Pada Hujan”, “Curahan Hati”, “Sebuah Luka”, “Kehadiranmu”, dan pada puisi “Di Batas Langit Senja”. Kedua, tema organik (moral) terdapat satu, yaitu pada judul puisi “Ukir Saja”. Ketiga, tema sosial ada dua karya puisi, yaitu terdapat pada judul puisi “Yakin” dan pada judul puisi “Negeri Tanah Sahara”. Keempat, tema ketuhanan terdapat satu karya puisi, yaitu terdapat pada judul puisi “Rindu Hadirmu”. Tema yang sering muncul pada puisi-puisi karya siswa dalam Buletin Suara Puspa di SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta edisi Juni 2013 – Januari 2014 adalah tema jasmaniah yaitu tentang kerinduan.
Vortices in magnetospheric plasma flow

Two- and three-dimensional plasma measurements made in the early morning sector of the plasma sheet with the LASL/MPI analyzers on the ISEE 1 and 2 satellites reveal that the bulk flow of plasma there is sometimes characterized by a pronounced vortical, or circulating motion. Its effect is seen as a recurrent or continuing rotation of the bulk flow vector in a plane sometimes moderately inclined with respect to the ecliptic plane. Remarkably, this rotation has a preferred sense, i.e., clockwise when viewed from above the ecliptic plane. The period for a 360 degree rotation ranges from 5 to 20 minutes and the flow can experience several complete rotations in a relatively uninterrupted sequence. On one occasion this type of behavior of the plasma continued for 9 hours. The speed of the plasma's circulating motion ranges from approx.30 km/sec to approx.200 km/sec. The size of the plasma vortices is estimated as several earth radii. Most of these vortices have been observed during periods of moderate geomagnetic activity. One tentative interpretation of the observations visualizes a ''vortex street'' convecting earthward along the axis of the magnetotail.