Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transport, mixing and agglomeration of particles in turbulent flows

This paper describes methods and approaches that have been used to simulate and model the transport, mixing and agglomeration of small particles in a ﬂowing turbulent gas. The transported particles because of their inertia are assumed not to follow the motion of the large scales of the turbulence and or the motion of the small dissipating scales of the turbulence. We show how both these behaviours can be represented by a PDF approach analogous to that used in Classical Kinetic Theory. For large scale dispersion the focus is on transport in simple generic ﬂows like statistically stationary homogeneous and isotropic turbulence and simple shear ﬂows. Special consideration is given to the transport and deposition of particles in turbulent boundary layers. For small scale transport the focus is on how the the small scales of turbulence together with the particle inertial response enhances collision processes like particle agglomeration. In this case the importance of segregation and the formation of caustics, singularities and random uncorrelated motion is highlighted and discussed.
Religion: Helping or Hindering Moral Development

The goal of helping students to become ethical citizens is a concern of college educators. There have been a number of factors, which seem to contribute to this goal. Religious inclination is one factor that researchers have considered. We would expect religious people to be highly ethical. However, research suggests that is not the case. In fact, some research suggests that religion can inhibit moral growth. In most cases, religiosity negatively affected moral development.
Internet Addiction in Adolescence: Evaluation from Mother, Father and Peer Relationship

In this study, the purpose is to analyse internet addiction in adolescence from mother-father-adolescent relationships and peer adolescence. This study is a quantitative study conducted with a relational survey model. The study universe consists of 592 high school students. In data analysis, gender, age, having a computer, internet addiction of participants based on internet usage frequency and duration, whether total scores of mother, father and peer scale is related with socio-demographical factors are analysed with single-way multi-variable variance analysis. When multi-variable basic effect is significant and number of groups are more than two, a Scheffe test was applied as post-hoc test. Among variables considered under the scope of this study, correlation analysis and simple linear regression analysis is conducted to determine relationship between mother, father and peer attachment total scores and internet addiction levels respectively. Based on internet usage frequency variable, it is determined that internet addiction and peer relationship significant differed for internet usage frequency. It is determined that internet addiction scores had low level negative relationship with mother and father relationship scores, internet addiction scores had low level positive relationship with peer relationship scores. It is found that mother relationship and control perception score of female students is significantly higher than male students. However, it is determined that internet addiction, father relationships and control perception and peer relationship levels are similar for gender. Study results are compared with related literature and recommendations are provided.
Anchorage of Headed Reinforcing Bars in Exterior Beam-Column Joints

iii LIST OF FIGURES . x LIST OF TABLES . xvi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 General . 1 1.2 Bond Force . 2 1.3 Hooked Reinforcing Bars . 2 1.4 Headed Reinforcing Bars . 4 1.4. 1 Historical Development of Headed Bars . 5 1.4. 2 Research on Headed Reinforcing Bar Anchorage . 7 1.4. 3 Research on Beam-Column Joints Anchored with Headed Bars . 20 1.5 Code Provisions . 25 1.5. 1 Requirements in ACI 318 Building Code . 25 1.5. 2 Recommendations in ACI 352R-02 . 26 1.5. 3 Comparison between ACI 352R and ACI 318 . 28 1.6 Objective and Scope . 29 CHAPTER 2: EXPERIMENTAL WORK . 30 2.1 Beam-Column Joint Specimen Design . 30 2.2 Test Parameters . 33 2.3 Specimen Designation . 40 2.4 Material Properties . 42 2.4. 1 Concrete Properties . 42 2.4. 2 Steel Properties . 42 2.5 Specimen Fabrication. 43 2.6 Test Procedure . 44 2.7 Specimen Instrumentation . 45 CHAPTER 3: TEST RESULTS . 47 3.1 Cracking Patterns . 47
Mitochondrial DNA analysis of introgression between adjacent taxa of rock-wallabies, Petrogale species (Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Summary Simple, inexpensive techniques were used to analyse the mtDNA of nine chromosomally distinct populations of Petrogale. Eight of these populations occur in sequence along the Great Dividing Range of eastern Australia; six have been described as species. Diagnostic mtDNA morphs were found throughout the latitudinal ranges of four of the described species. A fifth morph spanned the ranges of two described species and three additional taxa which have been designated chromosome races. These five mtDNA morphs, and others with local distributions, were used to assess interactions between the taxa. Limited introgression was indicated across the chromosomal boundaries of P. penicillata/P. herberti and P. inornata/P. assimilis; atypical mtDNA morphs were found within the P. herberti and P. inornata chromosomal distributions. No introgression was detected between P. herberti and P. inornata, whose distributions are separated by the Fitzroy River. Nor was there evidence of recent contact between P. assimilis, P. herberti and P. purpureicollis, despite the late occupancy of parts of the intervening area by unidentified Petrogale. These data, considered in the light of information obtained from previous studies on chromosomes, allozymes and parasites, have contributed to the decision to consider all the eastern representatives of the lateralis-penicillata group of Petrogale as being specifically distinct from each other.
Reconstructing Upper-Ocean Vertical Velocity Field from Sea Surface Height in the Presence of Unbalanced Motion

Reconstructability of upper-ocean vertical velocityw and vorticity z fields from high-resolution sea surface height (SSH) data is explored using the global 1/488 horizontal-resolution MITgcm output in the context of the forthcoming Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission. By decomposing w with an omega equation of the primitive equation system and by taking into account the measurement design of the SWOT mission, this study seeks to reconstruct the subinertial, balanced w and z signals. By adopting the effective surface quasigeostrophic (eSQG) framework and applying to the Kuroshio Extension region of the North Pacific, we find that the target and reconstructed fields have a spatial correlation of;0.7 below themixed layer for w and 0.7–0.9 throughout the 1000-m upper ocean for z in the error-free scenario. By taking the SWOT sampling and measurement errors into account, the spatial correlation is found to decrease to 0.4–0.6 below the mixed layer for w and 0.6–0.7 for z, respectively. For both w and z reconstruction, the degradation due to the SWOT errors is more significant in the surface layer and for smaller-scale signals. The impact of errors lessens with the increasing depth and lengthening horizontal scales.
preferences for nutritional An

Consumer claims: exploration of attention and based on an eye-tracking choice experiment Abstract: Nutritional claim (NC) requirements on food packages are among the most important and influential EU policy measures related to diet and have the capacity to promote healthy eating. This study combines a discrete choice experiment (DCE) method with eye-tracking (ET) technology to assess consumer preferences for multiple NCs in yogurt selection and explores the relationships between the NC preferences and the visual attention paid to these claims and the visual attention and choice decisions. The results indicate that the low-sugar NC was the least-preferred claim in all the models. Overall, the presence of NCs generally increases visual attention in terms of fixation count, which may be linked to an increased likelihood of affecting the final decision to purchase yogurts with NCs. 12 14 Nutritional claim (NC) requirements on food packages are among the most important and 15 influential EU policy measures related to diet and have the capacity to promote healthy 16 This study combines a discrete choice experiment (DCE) method with eye-tracking (ET) 17 technology to assess consumer preferences for multiple NCs in yogurt selection and explores the 18 relationships between the NC preferences and the visual attention paid to these claims and the 19 visual attention and choice decisions. The results indicate that the low-sugar NC was the least- 20 preferred claim in all the models. Overall, the presence of NCs generally increases visual 21 attention in terms of fixation count, which may be linked to an increased likelihood of affecting 22 the final decision to purchase yogurts with
Diphacinone in Pigs: Sublethal Exposure and Residual Persistence in Tissues

A BSTRACT : Current evaluations of the anticoagulant diphacinone for field control of introduced rodents in New Zealand include risk assessment with respect to non-target mortality, secondary poisoning, and environmental contamination. As non-target wildlife of rodent control operations, feral pigs may be exposed to vertebrate pesticides if they access toxic baits or scavenge the carcasses of poisoned animals. Feral pigs are also a significant resource for recreational hunters who harvest wild pork for food, hence the need to assess the risks of human exposure to diphacinone residues through feral pigs. Pen trials with domestic pigs were used to evaluate the potential for pig mortality through oral exposure to diphacinone and the residual persistence of diphacinone in pig tissues following a sublethal exposure. In the first trial, pigs were offered palatable food containing diphacinone doses of 12.5 mg/kg, 0.25 mg/kg/day for 3 days, or 0.5 mg/kg/day for 5 days. Significant elevations in coagulation time tests were measured 2 days after dosing, but these had returned to baseline values by 7 days. Two of the dosed pigs were euthanased due to lameness, which was accompanied by elevated prothrombin times and severe hemorrhage in a leg joint. In the second trial, pigs were dosed with 12.5 mg/kg diphacinone and then euthanased in groups for tissue sampling at Days 1, 4, and 10. Liver, muscle, and fat samples were analysed for diphacinone residues using an HPLC method. Data fitted to an exponential decay model estimated the hepatic elimination half-life as between 5.43 days (overall) and 14.12 days (terminal phase only). Half-lives of diphacinone in pig muscle and fat were 4.48 and 2.29 days respectively. A conservative withholding period of approximately 160 days is suggested before feral pigs should be taken for human consumption from areas where diphacinone baits have been used. This would minimize the likelihood of detectable diphacinone residues ( ≥ 0.02 µg/g) occurring in wild pork. K EY W ORDS : anticoagulant, coagulation time, diphacinone, half-life, liver, meat, pig, residue, Sus scrofa Proc. 22 nd Vertebr. Pest Conf. (R. and 434-439.
Power play? Teacher characteristics and class assignments.

While prior research has documented differences in the distribution of teacher characteristics across schools serving different student populations, few studies have examined how teacher sorting occurs within schools. Comparing teachers who teach in the same grade and school in a given year, the authors find less experienced, minority, and female teachers are assigned students with lower average prior achievement, more prior behavioral problems, and lower prior attendance rates than their more experienced, white and male colleagues. Though more effective (higher value-added ) teachers and those with advanced degrees are also assigned less difficult classes, controlling for these factors does not eliminate the association between experience, race, gender, and assignments. The authors hypothesize that this pattern of class assignments results, in part, from power relations among teachers within a school, a process that works to disadvantage those with less experience and from minority and female backgrounds, as well as from parental pressures. These patterns have negative implications for teacher retention given the importance of working conditions for teachers’ career decisions.
Thyroid-Specific Transcription Factors

proteins are involved in the synthesis of the hormones: thyroglobulin (TG), a precursor of thyroid hormones; thyroperoxidase (TPO) that catalyzes the iodination and coupling of the specific tyrosine residues within the TG molecule; a receptor for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSHR), and sodium-iodide symporter that transports iodide into the cells. TSH regulates the expression of these four proteins thereby controlling the
The Regulatory Effect of Growth Hormone Hormone-Binding Protein in Human Serum on Growth

To study the acute and long-term effect of GH on its down-stream axis, we measured serum GH-binding protein (GHBP) by ligand-mediated immunofunctional assay. Diurnal changes in serum GHBP were determined by every 20-min sampling for 24 h in four normal short children. There were small or negligible fluctuations in serum GHBP levels, and no correlation with GH pulses was observed. The short-term effect of GH on GHBP levels was assessed in eight GH-deficient children by daily administration of GH (0.1 U/kg) for 10 days. Serum GHBP levels did not significantly change, but IGF-I levels increased significantly. We also studied the long-term effect of GH administration on GHBP levels in seventeen patients with GH deficiency over six months. In twelve out of 17 patients, serum GHBP levels showed an increase when compared to the levels before treatment. In these patients, BMI was not largely changed during treatment, while it tended to decrease in patients whose GHBP levels did not increase. In conclusion, endogenous pulsatile GH secretion and short-term exogenous GH administration had no effect on serum GHBP levels. On the other hand, long-term GH administration increased GHBP levels in 70% of patients with GH deficiency. Changes in BMI may partly be attributed to this change. The direct long-term regulatory effect of GH on GHBP should be further studied.
Friend or Foe?: Bernard Williams and Political Constitutionalism

This article looks at Bernard Williams’s relevance to particular debates in constitutional theory about the legitimacy of two competing models of institutional design: political constitutionalism which endorses giving the final say on the meaning of constitutional rights to legislatures; and legal constitutionalism which endorses giving the final say on the meaning of rights to courts. Recent defences of political constitutionalism have made claims about the realism of their accounts when compared with legal constitutionalism and have co-opted Bernard Williams’s realism to support their case. This article examines these claims, concluding that these accounts of political constitutionalism rely on a distinctly non-Williamsian form of political moralism in that they assume a legitimacy for political constitutionalism which is prior to politics and political disagreement. It offers an alternative defence of political constitutionalism, a partial defence, which, it argues, is closer to the realism of Bernard Williams than these accounts.
Is [l-nC]Putrescine Useful as a Brain Tumor Marker?

of finding a selective brain tumor tracer, uniquely incorporated by neoplastic glia or metastatic cells within brain, but not by the proliferating, nontransformed cells which constitute a normal pathophysiological reaction to various disease proc esses. Thirty-three patients with 36 lesions were studied with "C-putrescine to determine the specificity of labeled putrescine for tumor tissue. The uptake of "C-putrescine was
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Evolution of the Igbo Novel

: The emergence of the Igbo alphabets gave hope for a real literature in Igbo language. Contemporary Igbo writers may not have known the struggle that gave way for writings in Igbo language, thus the Igbo novel. This study looked at the evolution of Igbo novel and also considered the major phases the Igbo literature in general had undergone before the emergence of the Igbo novel. Igbo writers struggled with orthography controversy which at some point hindered publication of Igbo books, this was later resolved, and it gave way for major writings in Igbo language, thus the Igbo novel. For this study, accounts of various scholars in the field were collected as data and considered. It is discovered that the Igbo novel has been there even before literature in other languages became popular. It is believed that this research will bring to the fore the beauty of the Igbo novel and the determination of its writers to make its impact permanent.
Use of essential oil on digestive health and blood parameters of maintenance horses

Essential oils (EO) such as carvacrol represent a wide range of mainly volatile aromatic plant compounds which hold antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal potential, in addition to other properties of interest to animal health, such as the ability to modulate the microbiome. Current horse care commonly involves an intensive management system with an excessive use of concentrated feed, which can lead to severe digestive and metabolic disorders. Studies with EO in horses are limited, but the use of carvacrol essential oil (CEO) can promote benefits in microbial fermentation. The objective was to investigate the effect of different quantities of CEO on the apparent total digestibility of nutrients, microbial profile in the feces and postprandial blood glucose and insulin response when added to the equine diet. Eight Mini-Horse geldings were used (42±6 months; 135±15 kg BW) and fed with a proportion of 60% concentrate and 40% grass hay. The treatments were: 0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of CEO. The addition of CEO up to 300 ppm did not influence the apparent digestibility of nutrients or the postprandial plasma glucose and insulin response. The use of CEO maintained the fermentative digestive health of horses fed with concentrate diets. que pode causar distúrbios digestivos e metabólicos. Em cavalos, estudos com EO são limitados, mas o uso de óleo essencial de carvacrol (CEO) poderia promover benefícios na fermentação microbiana. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi investigar o efeito de diferentes quantidades de óleo essencial de carvacrol, adicionadas à dieta de equinos, sobre a digestibilidade aparente total de nutrientes, o perfil microbiano por meio das fezes e a resposta sanguínea pós-prandial de glicose e insulina. Foram utilizados oito cavalos castrados, da raça Mini-Horse (42±6 meses), 135±15kg PV, alimentados na proporção de 60% concentrado e 40% feno de capim. Os tratamentos foram: 0, 100, 200 e 300ppm de CEO. A adição de CEO até 300ppm não influencia a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e a resposta de glicose e insulina plasmática pós-prandial. O uso de EO demonstra manter a saúde digestiva fermentativa quando os cavalos são alimentados com dieta rica em concentrado.
Treatment Adherence to Drug Therapy in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic Adherence to Drug Therapy in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic OF EVIDENCE-BASED PHARMACOTHERAPY

The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic and the subsequent quarantine measures, particularly home isolation of the population, could have seriously affected the quality of pharmacotherapy and adherence to it by patients with chronic non-communicable diseases. To assess the dynamics of adherence to pharmacotherapy by patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) in self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. adherent Adherence assessed the to in (non-adherence to the regime or discontinued intake of medications), for adherence Adherence the telephone survey the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the the in the ALIGN study. Results. the a substantial in the adherence of to pharmacotherapy The of 87% to 54% due to an increase in the number of patients who stopped taking several or all of the recommended drugs during home isolation (p=0.024). The overall rate of adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to be even worse than before the start of the ALIGN study. A comparative analysis of subgroups with and without a decline in adherence revealed a trend suggesting that higher patient education (p=0.067) or previous percutaneous coronary intervention (p=0.063) can be considered a protective factor associated with fewer violations in adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of adherence to specific drugs showed that during self-isolation there was a decrease in adherence to antiplatelet drugs (p=0.047) and to statins (p=0.055). Adherence to beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and dihydropyridine calcium antagonists remained unchanged. Conclusion. In patients with SCAD during the period of home isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic and associated difficulties in con-tacting the attending physician, there was a decline in adherence and an increase in the number of patients who stopped taking several or all prescribed drugs.
Using remote sensing to assess the e ﬀ ect of trees on millet yield in complex parklands of Central Senegal

has been proven useful for crop yield assessment in smallholder farming system, it has so far ignored the woody component. We propose an original approach combining remote sensing, landscape ecology and statistical modelling to i) improve the accuracy of millet yield prediction in parklands and ii) identify the main drivers of millet yield spatial variation. The parkland of Central Senegal was chosen as a case study. Firstly, we calibrated a remote sensing-based linear model that accounted for vegetation productivity and tree density to predict millet yield. Integrating parkland structure improved the accuracy of yield estimation. The best model based on a combination of Green Di ﬀ erence Vegetation Index and number of trees in the ﬁ eld explained 70% of observed yield variability (relative Root Mean Squared Error (RRMSE) of 28%). The best model based solely on vegetation productivity (no information on parkland structure) explained only 46% of the observed variability (RRMSE = 34%). Secondly we in- vestigated the drivers of the spatial variability in estimated yield using Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm (GBM) and biophysical and management factors derived from geospatial data. The GBM model explained 81% of yield spatial variability. Predominant drivers were soil nutrient availability ( i.e. soil total nitrogen and total phosphorous) and woody cover in the surrounding landscape of ﬁ elds. Our results show that millet yield in- creases with woody cover in the surrounding landscape of ﬁ elds up to a woody cover of 35%. These ﬁ ndings have to be strengthened by testing the approach in more diversi ﬁ ed and/or denser parklands. Our study illus- trates that recent advances in earth observations open up new avenues to improve the monitoring of parkland systems in smallholder context.