Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Walls Under Uni- and Multi-Directional Loading Using Opensees

ABSTRACT A new three-dimensional finite element modeling methodology for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete walls is developed and implemented in OpenSees software. The model is validated against broad experimental data obtained for nine planar (unidirectional loading) and two U-shaped (multidirectional loading) specimens. Results of the detailed validation studies presented indicate that the proposed model can accurately capture a wide range of measured global (e.g., load-deformation) and local (e.g., strains) wall responses. However, the model fails to capture the loss of wall lateral load capacity observed in experiments due to various complex failure mechanisms that are not incorporated in presented model formulation.
Demand-Driven Innovation and Spatial Competition Over Time Under Heavy-Tailed Signals

We study robustness of the model of demand driven innovation and spatial competition over time with log- concavely distributed signals in Jovanovic and Rob (1987) to heavy-tailedness assumptions. We demonstrate that mplications of the model remain valid for not extremely heavy-tailed distributions of consumers' signals. However, ts properties are reversed in the case of signals with extremely thick-tailed distributions if the ¯rms employ the ample mean of the signals to estimate the ideal product. We further show that conclusions of the model continue to hold under the only assumption of symmetry of signals if a more robust estimator of the ideal product, the sample median, is chosen as the product design.
Atmospheric CO2 Exchange of a Small Mountain Lake: Limitations of Eddy Covariance and Boundary Layer Modeling Methods in Complex Terrain

Lakes receive and transform significant amounts of terrestrial carbon and are often considered a source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Yet, continuous direct measurements of lake‐atmosphere CO2 exchange with high temporal resolution are sparse. In this study, we measured the CO2 exchange of a mountain lake in the eastern Austrian Alps continuously for one year using the eddy covariance (EC) and the boundary layer model (BLM) approaches. Results from both the EC and the BLM methods indicated the lake to be a small source of atmospheric CO2 with highest emissions in fall. EC flux measurements were affected by low‐frequency contributions especially during low wind conditions. The CO2 concentration gradient at the air‐water interface decreased during night‐time due to an increase in atmospheric CO2 above the lake, likely caused by cold and CO2‐rich air draining from the surrounding land. Consequently, BLM fluxes were lower during night‐time than during daytime. This diel pattern was lacking in the EC flux measurements because the EC instruments deployed at the shore of the lake did not capture low nocturnal lake CO2 fluxes due to the local wind regime. Overall, this study illustrates the effect of the surrounding landscape on lake‐atmosphere flux measurements. We conclude that estimating CO2 evasion from lakes situated in complex topography needs to explicitly account for biases in EC flux measurements caused by low‐frequency contributions and local wind regimes.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PLATELET RICH FIBRIN (PRF) AS A SOLE GRAFT MATERIAL VERSUS NANO-CRYSTALLINE HYDROXYAPATITE IN MAXILLARY SINUS AUGEMENTATION WITH IMPLANT PLACEMENT SIMULTANEOUSLY.: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) as sole graft material versus Nano crystalline hydroxyapatite in maxillary sinus augmentation with implant placement simultaneously. Patients and Methods: This was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 18 patients suffering from atrophied maxillary ridge (less than 5 mm in bone height) for implantation indicating the need for maxillary sinus floor augmentation before implant placement. Group (A) received sinus augmentation with nano crystalline hydroxyapatite with immediate implantation (Nano bone ARTOSS GmbH hydroxyapatite particles) and Group B received sinus augmentation with PRF as sole graft material with immediate implantation. All patients were followed up for 6 months recording the progress of the healing both clinically and radiographically via CBCT and to evaluate the new bone formation. Results: Surgeries went uneventful in patients of both groups. No notable complications occurred during the surgical procedures and the healing period of the two groups. Radiographic results after 6 months showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The highest mean value was found in (Group B) while the least mean value was found in (Group A). All implants were clinically stable at the time of abutment insertion, 6 months after sinus augmentation. Conclusions: The use of the PRF as a sole graft material in maxillary sinus augmentation proved to be a successful material that offers sufficient amount of natural bone in the sinus that cover all the surface of the inserted implant.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL, DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU PELAPORAN KEUANGAN

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilas, ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan institusional, dan komite audit terhadap ketepatan waktu pelaporan keuangan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2019. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh 84 perusahaan manufaktur selama 3 tahun. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode regresi logistik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan institusional, dan komite audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan waktu pelaporan keuangan.Kata kunci: profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan institusional, komite audit, ketepatan waktu pelaporan keuanganAbstractThis study aims to determine the effect profitability, firm size, institutional ownership and audit committee to the timeliness of financial reporting on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2017-2019. Sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling, so that obtained 84 manufacturing companies for period 3 years. Data used in the study is a secondary data. Analysis data technique used is logistic regression method. The result shows that profitability, firm size, institutional ownership and audit committee not significant to the timeliness of financial reporting.Keywords: profitability, firm size, institutional ownership, audit committee, timeliness of financial reporting
Corporate life cycle and dividend payout: A panel data analysis of companies in an emerging market

Background: The dividend payout policy remains one of the key functional areas of corporate finance because it is through receipt of dividends that shareholders can share in the profits of their investments. Amongst the dividend payout theories that have been developed over the decades, the life-cycle hypothesis has received little attention in research. Aim: The aim of this study was to test the dividend life-cycle hypothesis in the South African contex. Motivation for the study: Justification for this study in the context of South Africa is that there is minimal research in this regard in emerging economies. South Africa presents a good platform for this research because it is amongst the highly regarded emerging markets and this has been confirmed by its representation in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries. Hence, results in this regard would shed some light in the form of a relative representation of overall emerging markets trend. Research approach/design and method: A panel data of 119 Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed sample companies were used to test the hypothesis during the period 2006–2015. A combination of basic and dynamic panel data estimators was used to analyse the data. Main findings: The study finds that the dividend life-cycle hypothesis is prevalent amongst South African companies. Specifically, it was observed that the considered companies pursuing growth projects paid less dividends. Furthermore, the growth companies have shown to be more aggressive in their pursuit for growth and hence are able to create more value for shareholders than value for companies. Managerial implications: Financial managers will be afforded with enhanced decision alternatives in respect of their fiduciary duties towards the shareholders in respect of maximising value. Conclusion: These results provide a mirror image of those of the developed markets and a good context for future research in the same area in an emerging economy setting.
EFL Learners’ Learning Styles and Self-regulated Learning: Do Gender and Proficiency Level Matter?

The present study attempted to investigate the interdependence of self-regulated learning and language learning styles among three levels of language learners. Their gender and language proficiency level were also taken into consideration to find out the interaction between these variables. To carry out the study, the subject was selected based on the multi-stage sampling procedure. From five universities, 200 EFL learners studying TEFL, Literature, and Translation were randomly selected. Based on their scores on the TOEFL test, the participants were divided into beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels. From each level, 30 subjects were randomly selected. The research instruments were used to collect the required data for the study. After analyzing the data, the results showed a significant relationship between the EFL learners’ learning styles and their self-regulation. It was disclosed that the higher the learners’ scores on language learning styles were, the more self-regulated they were. When gender was taken into account as a moderator variable, no significant correlation between language learners’ learning styles and their gender was detected. It was found that both male and female learners were self-regulated in the same way. In addition, EFL learners’ proficiency level significantly made a difference in their self-regulation; however, it did not affect their learning styles.
Semi‐Automated Characterization of Streamwater Specific Conductivity Response to Storms

Specific electrical conductivity (SC) is a basic, effective indicator of water quality. The recent increase in SC data collected with high‐frequency sensors has created a strong need for algorithms that can aid interpretation of these data. This study presents an algorithm that finds and quantifies SC temporal patterns and applies that algorithm to a dataset from a 7.5 km2 forested catchment in central New Hampshire. During and after rain events, we show three patterns that emerge in SC time series: A solute flush, resulting in an initial increase in SC, followed by a dilution, followed by the SC’s recovery toward pre‐rain conditions. We compared these SC patterns to precipitation amount and intensity, antecedent wetness, and seasonality. Our results indicate that the magnitude of the flush was driven primarily by precipitation intensity and total rainfall during a storm, and secondarily by antecedent moisture conditions. The magnitude of the dilution was driven mainly by the precipitation amount. The rate of SC recovery was driven by precipitation amount and was correlated with dilution. Overall, the algorithm successfully extracted event‐driven characteristics in the SC time series, allowing the development of functional relationships with hydrologic drivers. Applying similar methodologies to more catchments in the future will help identify functional relationships at more sites and use these relationships to identify catchments most sensitive to future precipitation changes.
A STUDY ON INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF MGNREGA HOUSEHOLDS

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) 2005 is one of the foremost social security in India. It guarantees minimum wage, reduces poverty and checks large scale migration in rural India. It has reduced rural hunger. After implementation of MGNREGA, the Planning Commission estimated that the poverty among Scheduled Castes () in rural areas fell 22 percentage points- from 53.5 per cent in 2004-05 to 31.5 per cent in 2011-12. For that reason, the study focuses on income distribution and the conditions of MGNREGA workers and their households in district of Tamil state. The sample size of this research work is 345 MGNREGA Scheduled Castes () workers. The study found that there is a significant level of association existing between the annual income of MGNREGA workers/households and their conditions, such as the participants’ gender, age, community and occupation, type of family, size of family, number of employees and migrant workers of the family in the study area.At the same time this study found that there is no significant level association existing between annual income and conditions such as education, type of houses, and marital status. Hence, the MGNREGA is one of themajor factors in determining the income level and also the conditions of the of scheduled castes workers in the study area.
The Effect of Mycorrhizal Fungi and PGPR on Tree Nutritional Status and Growth in Organic Apple Production

The desire to reduce the negative impact of crops on the environment, as well as the growing concern for consumer health, is increasing interest in organic fruit production. In this context, the development of new environmentally friendly agrotechnical methods which allows for reducing the use of organic fertilizers by improving the nutrient use efficiency and consequently decreasing the leaching of them is a task of a great importance. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi (AMF) combined with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth and nutritional status of apple trees cultivated on a silty-loam, rich in clay minerals and humus soil under organic farming conditions. Thus, a trial was established in an experimental orchard in Wilanów in Central Poland with three cultivars (‘Topaz’, ‘Odra’, and ‘Chopin’) and a promising clone, U 8869. Trees were or were not inoculated with AMF + PGPR within a split-block experimental design with four replicates. According to the results, mycorrhizal frequency obtained in the inoculated tree roots was on average two-fold higher than in the roots of the control plants. After four years of AMF + PGPR inoculation, 24% higher trunk cross-section area (TCSA) was observed, with the nitrogen and magnesium concentrations in leaves increasing, on average, by 7.8% and 64.2%, and phosphorus and potassium content decreasing by 37.2% and 46.5%, respectively. This study shows that using AMF + PGPR inoculum supports tree roots colonization by AMF. As a result, better nitrogen nutrition status is observed that promote vigorous growth of trees and more efficient uptake of magnesium from the bulk soil. On the other hand, lower phosphorus content in inoculated tree leaves might be explained by a dilution effect, and potassium decrease could occur as a result of fungus–plant competition in conditions of this element deficiency in soil.
Facilitators and Barriers to Social Distancing for Young People living in Northern Ireland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This qualitative study explores the facilitators of and barriers to social distancing for young people living in Northern Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative data was collected as part of a larger Qualtrics survey between July 28th 2020 and August 24th 2020. Eligible participants were young people living on the Island of Ireland, aged 16-25 years. The survey design was underpinned by the COM-B model of behaviour change. Semi-inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse comments collected via three free-text survey items. The COM-B model provided a thematic framework to organize subthemes extracted. A total of N=477 young people completed the survey, of which N=352 provided comments for at least one of three free-text survey items. The majority of respondents lived in Northern Ireland (96%), the average age was 21 years, and most respondents were female (73%) and were students (81%). Key barriers identified included Social Opportunity (other people not social distancing), Physical Opportunity (lack of environmental support for social distancing), and Automatic motivation (missing physical interaction from others). Key facilitators included Physical Opportunity (environmental cues and space to support social distancing), Reflective Motivation (awareness and understanding of risk of transmission), and Social Opportunity (observing others’ adhering to guidelines). These findings suggest that the actions of others, environmental supports, and perception of risk have an important role in influencing social distancing behaviour among young people. The COM-B factors identified in this study can inform the development of tailored interventions using models such as the Behaviour Change Wheel.
Planning and Markets at Work: Seattle under Growth Management and Economic Pressure

This paper presents an analysis of Seattle’s redevelopment under Washington State’s urban containment policy and the city’s own urban village plan, with a particular focus on outcomes that arise via a combination of urban planning and land market activity. By comparing the city’s parcel layer between 2010 and 2020, the analysis tracks changes in the form of land consolidation and subdivision, which indicate the intensity of redevelopment activities motivated by the market. It reveals that much redevelopment has happened in single- and multifamily areas, but multifamily areas are more likely to have changed. By implementing an exploratory discrete choice model, the analysis also reveals that urban village policy may reduce redevelopment within Seattle—but one subtype, so-called urban hubs, is more likely to accommodate redevelopment. This leads to further discussion of the goals and effectiveness of this urban village policy. Overall, the findings of this work form a picture of a happy, healthy, and sustainable city that sets a high bar for other cities seeking to achieve the same success.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Relative Study on the Catalytic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Doped MnCO3, –MnO2, and –Mn2O3 Nanocomposites for Aerial Oxidation of Alcohols

Zinc oxide nanoparticles doped manganese carbonate catalysts [ % ZnOx–MnCO3] (where = 0–7) were prepared via a facile and straightforward coprecipitation procedure, which upon different calcination treatments yields different manganese oxides, that is, [ % ZnOx–MnO2] and [ % ZnOx–Mn2O3]. A comparative catalytic study was conducted to evaluate the catalytic efficiency between carbonates and oxides for the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols to corresponding ketones using molecular oxygen as a green oxidizing agent without using any additives or bases. The prepared catalysts were characterized by different techniques such as SEM, EDX, XRD, TEM, TGA, BET, and FTIR spectroscopy. The 1% ZnOx–MnCO3 calcined at 300°C exhibited the best catalytic performance and possessed highest surface area, suggesting that the calcination temperature and surface area play a significant role in the alcohol oxidation. The 1% ZnOx–MnCO3 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic performance and selectivity in the aerial oxidation of 1-phenylethanol, where 100% alcohol conversion and more than 99% product selectivity were obtained in only 5 min with superior specific activity (48 mmol·g−1·h−1) and 390.6 turnover frequency (TOF). The specific activity obtained is the highest so far (to the best of our knowledge) compared to the catalysts already reported in the literatures used for the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol. It was found that ZnOx nanoparticles play an essential role in enhancing the catalytic efficiency for the selective oxidation of alcohols. The scope of the oxidation process is extended to different types of alcohols. A variety of primary, benzylic, aliphatic, allylic, and heteroaromatic alcohols were selectively oxidized into their corresponding carbonyls with 100% convertibility without overoxidation to the carboxylic acids under base-free conditions.
Satisfaction and Performance of the International Faculty: To What Extent Emotional Reactions and Conflict Matter?

Guided by affective events theory (AET), our inquiry aims at examining the relationships among affective work events, affective states, affect-driven behaviors, and attitudes of international faculty working in the Malaysian institutions of higher learning. Specifically, the impacts of interpersonal conflict, as a work event, on international faculty’s affective states were in focus. In addition, the mediating role of job performance, as an affect-driven behavior, on the relationship between affective states and job satisfaction, as an attitude, was examined. Data were collected from 152 respondents and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to estimate the proposed theoretical model. Our model was examined from an explanatory-predictive perspective and exhibited a high level of out-of-sample predictive power. In addition, the results of the analysis highlighted the role of interpersonal conflict in causing affective states and affective states in causing job satisfaction. However, empirical evidence was not provided for the mediating role of job performance within the proposed model. Finally, given the fluctuating nature of the affective states, a robustness check verified the nonlinear relationship between positive affect and job performance. Implications of the findings, limitations, and recommendations were elaborated.
Current Evidence of Coryneform Bacteria on The Ocular Surface of Immunocompromised Cats

Monomicrobial and polymicrobial infections may occur on the cornea, conjunctiva and the eyelid of cats.Corynebacterium species are categorized as nonpathogenic bacteria that are regularly detected in the conjunctiva of healthy cats. It has been reported that Corynebacterium species have been shown to be potentially harmful in a variety of tissues including ocular tissues, skin, and mucous membranes. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the presence of Corynebacterium spp. on the ocular surface and its antimicrobial sensitivity and susceptibility pattern. We investigated Corynebacterium species on the ocular surface and reviewed various species of Corynebacterium in terms of their antimicrobial susceptibility and the underlying molecular resistance mechanisms. The risk for Corynebacterium-related ocular infections in cats with low immunity, such as poor nutrition, corneal epithelial damage due to trauma, corneal perforation, lagophthalmos, chronic incurable glaucoma, long-lasting corneal sequestrum, and long-term use of topical steroids have been identified. 64 cats (78 eyes) of different ages and both sexes with various ocular disorders were swabbed. Corynebacterium spp. represented 34.6 % (n=27) of the collected sample and found to be susceptible to common antibiotics. Therefore, the use of antimicrobials for the treatment of ocular infections caused by Corynebacterium species should be a rational and sensible strategy along with provision of immunostimulants.