Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Textile-Based Dry Electrode and Analysis of Its Surface EMG Signal for Applying Smart Wear

Ag/AgCl hydrogel electrodes, which are wet electrodes, are generally used to acquire bio-signals non-invasively. Research concerning dry electrodes is ongoing due to the following limitations of wet electrodes: (1) skin irritation and disease when attached for a long time; (2) poor adhesion due to sweat; and (3) considerable cost due to disposable use. Accordingly, electrodes in film, embroidery, and knit forms were manufactured from conductive sheets and conductive yarns, which are typical textile-type dry electrode materials, using different manufacturing methods and conditions. The prepared electrodes were conducted to measure the morphology, surface resistance, skin-electrode impedance, EMG signal acquisition, and analysis. The conductive sheet type electrode exhibited a similar skin-impedance, noise, and muscle activation signal amplitude to the Ag/AgCl gel electrode due to the excellent adhesion and shape stabilization. Embroidery electrodes were manufactured based on two-dimension lock stitch (Em_LS) and three-dimension moss-stitch (Em_MS). More stable EMG signal acquisition than Em_LS was possible when manufactured with Em_MS. The knit electrode was manufactured with the typical structures of plain, purl, and interlock. Although it was possible to acquire EMG signals, considerable noise was generated as the shape and size of the electrodes were changed due to the stretch characteristics of the knit structure. Finally, the applicability of the textile-type dry electrode was confirmed by combining it with a wearable device. More stable and accurate EMG signal acquirement will be possible through more precise parameter control in the future.
The effect of the coefficient of variation of operation times on the allocation of storage space in

Abstract This paper studies the effect of the coefficient of variation of operation times on the optimal allocation of storage space in production line systems. The operation times at each station are modelled by a two-stage Coxian distribution. This work extends the results of our previous study of the storage allocation problem with exponentially distributed operation times. Interpreting Stage 1 of the two-stage Coxian distribution as the normal service for an item at a station and Stage 2 as down time at the station, our model can also be used to study the effect of breakdowns on the allocation of storage space in production line systems. The results show that the “bowl effect” whereby the center stations should be given preferential treatment becomes more pronounced with higher variability in the operation times. Another general conclusion is that the overall optimal storage allocation commonly follows a “storage bowl phenomenon” whereby the allocation of buffer storage space fits an inverted bowl pat.
Impact of in-furrow fertilizers on winter wheat grain yield and mineral concentration

Abstract Placement of fertilizer in the seed furrow to increase nutrient availability is a common practice in row-crop production. While in-furrow application of fertilizer is widely utilized in the production of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), there is a lack of work evaluating new formulations and nutrient combinations that are available. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of in-furrow fertilizer products and combinations of products on winter wheat grain yield, nitrogen and mineral concentrations. Trials were conducted across five site-years in central Oklahoma using 11 fertilizer formulations placed in-furrow at the time of planting. In locations that soil test phosphorus (STP) levels or potassium were above sufficiency, the use of in-furrow fertilizers did not improve yield over the control. Inconsistency of response was noted at locations where STP levels were below the critical threshold. While one location showed no response to the addition of P regardless of source, two other locations had significant yield responses from three or more P-containing fertilizers. The addition of both sulphur and zinc resulted in increased yield over the base product at one low STP location. Nutrient concentrations were also influenced in nutrient-limited soils; however, no trends in response were present. Based upon the results of this study, the application of in-furrow fertilizer has the potential to increase winter wheat grain yield and nutrient concentration, when soil nutrients are limiting. As expected the addition of fertilizer when soil test levels are at or above a sufficiency did not increase grain yield.
Angiotensin II differentially affects hippocampal glial inflammatory markers in young adult male and female mice

Hypertension is a risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders involving inflammation and inflammatory cytokine-producing brain cells (microglia and astrocytes) in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Here we investigated the effect of slow-pressor angiotensin II (AngII) on gliosis in the hippocampus and mPFC of young adult (2-mo-old) male and female mice. In males, AngII induced hypertension, and this resulted in an increase in the density of the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the subgranular hilus and a decrease in the density of the microglial marker ionized calcium binding adapter molecule (Iba-1) in the CA1 region. Females infused with AngII did not show hypertension but, significantly, showed alterations in hippocampal glial activation. Compared with vehicle, AngII-infused female mice had an increased density of Iba-1 in the dentate gyrus and CA2/3a region. Like males, females infused with AngII exhibited decreased Iba-1 in the CA1 region. Neither male nor female mice showed differences in GFAP or Iba-1 in the mPFC following AngII infusion. These results demonstrate that the hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to AngII in young adulthood. Differences in gonadal hormones or the sensitivity to AngII hypertension may account for divergences in GFAP and Iba-1 in males and females.
Factors That Affect the Usage Intention of Virtual Learning Objects by College Students

In recent years, the introduction of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) into several aspects of daily life has become more relevant, particularly in higher education. This phenomenon has resulted in a digital integration that involves the infrastructure of higher education institutions as well as the materials used in the teaching process. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the factors that determine usage intention of Virtual Learning Objects (VLOs) by college students in finance and accounting programs in the city of Medellín. This quantitative research employed 86 self-administered questionnaires that enabled us to identify a positive association between attitude toward usage, subjective norms, and the intention to employ this type of content as a learning strategy. In conclusion, models like this need to be developed to understand the acceptance of new technologies in learning processes from different perspectives, and even more so considering that most of the existing literature regarding the subject has been focused on qualitative studies.
Whistler mode resonance‐cone transmissions at 100 kHz in the OEDIPUS‐C experiment

A radio transmitter was operated at one end of the tethered sounding rocket double payload OEDIPUS C, and a synchronized receiver at the other end. Both the transmitter and the receiver were connected to “double‐V” dipoles. On the flight downleg after the tether had been cut, direct bistatic propagation experiments were carried out successfully with the transmitter‐receiver pair. This paper addresses the transmission of 300‐μs pulses at a carrier frequency of 100 kHz between the dipoles over distances of about 1200 m. The waves of interest propagate in the whistler mode close to its resonance cone, where the transmitter is situated in the cone apex. The radiated field under these conditions is computed as well as the resonance response of the receiving antenna, i.e., its effective length. In the whistler mode, the influence of the plasma is important and it results in qualitative changes in the structure of the radiated field and in the value of the receiving antenna effective length as compared to the free space case. Our main concern is the excitation and reception of a pulsed signal when time and space dispersion play important roles in both the delay and spreading of such a signal.
NMR-Based Metabolomics to Decipher the Molecular Mechanisms in the Action of Gut-Modulating Foods

Metabolomics deals with uncovering and characterizing metabolites present in a biological system, and is a leading omics discipline as it provides the nearest link to the biological phenotype. Within food and nutrition, metabolomics applied to fecal samples and bio-fluids has become an important tool to obtain insight into how food and food components may exert gut-modulating effects. This review aims to highlight how nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics in food and nutrition science may help us get beyond where we are today in understanding foods’ inherent, or added, biofunctionalities in relation to gut health.
Serum Cystatin C Level in Liver Cirrhosis Patients with MELD-Na > 22

Background: Hepatorenal syndrome is a part of the prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI) characterized by kidney dysfunction which is secondary to the decreased renal blood flow that occurs in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and is a fatal complication. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) occurs in about 20% of liver cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites.Method: This study was conducted on 24 liver cirrhosis patients with ascites who visited Gastroenterohepatology Outpatient Ward and Internal Medicine Inpatient Unit, Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Samples were collected and data analyses were conducted in December 2019 to March 2020.Results: In this study, the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)-Na score was used to determine the risk of HRS in liver cirrhosis patients with ascites, in which patients with a MELD-Na score 22 belonged to the group at risk of developing HRS. From 24 patients, the mean MELD-Na score was 24.58 ± 3.5. The lowest MELD-Na score was 22 in 8 patients (33.3%), while 1 patient (4.2%) had the highest MELD-Na score of 35. In this study, serum CysC levels were measured in patients with normal creatinine, and the mean serum CysC level was 2.69 ± 0.46 mg/L. The minimum value of CysC was 2.03 mg/L, while the maximum value was 3.9 mg/L. Serum CysC levels in all 24 patients were increased compared to the normal values.Conclusion: Liver cirrhosis patients who were at risk to develop HRS based on the MELD-Na score have increased serum Cystatin C levels, although serum creatinine levels were still normal.
Mathematics Problem Solving Analysis on Higher Order Thinking Skills Based on Story Questions

This study aims to determine the problem-solving ability of field independent (FI) and field dependent (FD) students in solving HOTS story problems. This type of research is qualitative research. The research strategy used is a descriptive model. This research was carried out at a junior school in Malang, Indonesia. The respondent was tenth-grade students. Data collection methods in this study include tests and interviews. Data analysis techniques include data collection, reduction, presentation, and concluding. The results of this study show that FI and FD students understand the problem. There is no difference between the two; FI and FD students are good at understanding the problem. FI students plan solutions well and can correctly create mathematical models, while FD students have difficulty developing mathematical models. In getting answers, FI and FD students have something in common: they are not quite right in the final solution.
Alterations in cerebral glucose metabolism measured by FDG PET in subjects performing a meditation practice based on clitoral stimulation

Background: The relationship between sexuality, or the libido, and spirituality or religion has long been debated in psychiatry. Recent studies have explored the neurophysiology of both sexual experiences and spiritual practices such as meditation or prayer. In the present study, we report changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in a unique meditation practice augmented by clitoral stimulation called, Orgasmic Meditation, in which a spiritual state is described to be attained by both male and female participants engaged in the practice as a pair. Methods: Male (N=20) and female (N=20) subjects had an intravenous catheter connected to a bag of normal saline inserted prior to the practice. During the practice, men stimulated their partner’s clitoris for exactly 15 minutes (he received no sexual stimulation). Midway through the practice, researchers injected 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose so the scan would reflect cerebral metabolism during the practice. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging was performed approximately 30 minutes later. Results: In the female participants, the meditation state showed significant decreases in the left inferior frontal, inferior parietal, insula, middle temporal, and orbitofrontal regions as well as in the right angular gyrus, anterior cingulate and parahippocampus compared to a neutral state (p<0.01). Male subjects had significant decreases in the left middle frontal, paracentral, precentral, and postcentral regions as well as the right middle frontal and paracentral regions during meditation (p<0.01). Men also had significantly increased metabolism in the cerebellum and right postcentral and superior temporal regions (p<0.01). Conclusions: These findings represent a distinct pattern of brain activity, for both men and women, that is a hybrid between that of other meditation practices and sexual stimulation. Such findings have potential psychotherapeutic implications and may deepen our understanding of the relationship between spiritual and sexual experience.
Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Substantial Population of Luminous Red Galaxies at Redshifts z ≳ 2

We confirm spectroscopically the existence of a population of galaxies at z ≳ 2 with rest-frame optical colors similar to normal nearby galaxies. The galaxies were identified by their red near-infrared colors in deep images obtained with the Infrared Spectrometer and Array Camera on the Very Large Telescope of the field around the foreground cluster MS 1054-03. Redshifts of six galaxies with Js-Ks > 2.3 were measured from optical spectra obtained with the W. M. Keck telescope. Five out of six are in the range 2.43 ≤ z ≤ 3.52, demonstrating that the Js-Ks color selection is quite efficient. The rest-frame ultraviolet spectra of confirmed z > 2 galaxies display a range of properties, with two galaxies showing emission lines characteristic of active galactic nuclei, two having Lyα in emission, and one showing interstellar absorption lines only. Their full spectral energy distributions are well described by constant star formation models with ages 1.4-2.6 Gyr, except for one galaxy whose colors indicate a dusty starburst. The confirmed z > 2 galaxies are very luminous: their Ks magnitudes are in the range 19.2-19.9, corresponding to rest-frame absolute V magnitudes from -24.8 to -23.2. Assuming that our bright spectroscopic sample is representative for the general population of Js-Ks selected objects, we find that the surface density of red z ≳ 2 galaxies is ≈0.9 arcmin-2 to Ks = 21. The surface density is comparable to that of Lyman break-selected galaxies with Ks < 21, when corrections are made for the different redshift distributions of the two samples. Although there will be some overlap between the two populations, most "optical-break" galaxies are too faint in the rest-frame ultraviolet to be selected as Lyman break galaxies. The most straightforward interpretation is that star formation in typical optical-break galaxies started earlier than in typical Lyman break galaxies. Optical-break galaxies may be the oldest and most massive galaxies yet identified at z > 2, and they could evolve into early-type galaxies and bulges.
Influence of Different Weather Parameters and Dates of Sowings on Growth and Yield of Pre-released Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultures

The field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2019 at Agricultural Research Station, Kunaram, Telangana state, India, to study the influence of different sowing dates on growth and yield of pre released rice cultures. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with consisting of four sowing dates (June 2nd week, July 1st week, July 3rd week and August 1st week) in main plots and 4 pre released rice cultures (RNR 21278, JGL 28545, KNM 1638 and WGL 962 and 2 check varieties (KNM 118 and RNR 15048). The experimental findings revealed that the higher values of dry matter accumulation and grain yield (6839 kg ha-1) were recorded with the crop sown on July 3rd week. The crop sown on August 1st week gave lowest values on number of tillers m-2, number of panicles m-2 and grain yield (5029 kg ha-1). Among all pre-released rice cultures, the culture JGL 28545 showed the higher grain yield (6734 kg ha-1) which was on par with the cultures KNM 1638 (6526 kg ha-1) and WGL 962 (6514 kg ha-1). Among the treatment combinations, data results concluded that the rice cultures JGL 28545 and KNM 1638 recorded highest grain yield (7850.0 and 7849.0 kg ha-1), when sowing was taken up on June 2nd week and July 3rd week, respectively. The linear correlation analysis with SPSS-model has been found that grain yield showed negative correlation with evaporation (-0.076) and bright sunshine hours (BSSH) (-0.372) at tillering to maturity stage (P6).
A cavity problem for Maxwell's equations

Consider a time-harmonic electromagnetic plane wave incident on a cavity in a ground plane. Inside the cavity, the medium may be nonhomogeneous. In this paper, a variational formulation is studied. Existence and uniqueness of the solutions for the model problem are established by a variational approach and the Hodge decomposition. The variational approach also forms a basis for numerical solution of the model problems.
A Comparison Of Heat Treatment-induced Skeletal Muscle Adaptations Relative To Exercise Training

In vitro and animal studies indicate that the response to heat stress is associated with beneficial adaptations that promote cell health and survival. Few studies to date have examined this finding in human subjects, and it is unclear how the adaptation compares in magnitude to exercise training. PURPOSE : To investigate the skeletal muscle adaptations (namely mitochondrial biogenesis and capillarization) of 6 weeks of deep-muscle heat treatment relative to exercise training. We hypothesized that heat treatment (HT), applied through pulsed shortwave diathermy (2 hr, 3 days/week) over a 6-week intervention period would lead to increased mitochondrial content and capillarity within skeletal muscle, though to a lesser extent than single-leg knee extension exercise training (EX; 40 min, 3 days/week). METHODS : We randomized 28 sedentary but otherwise healthy, young adults (ages 18–36; n = 13 female, n = 15 male) to receive either HT, EX, or sham heating sessions (CON; 2 hr, 3 days/week) over 6 weeks. Diathermy increased muscle temperature by 3.2 ± 0.33  C (P < 0.0001) within 20 minutes. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis at baseline, after 3 weeks of intervention and again after 6 weeks of intervention. RESULTS : Following 3 and 6 weeks of heat treatment, we did not observe significant changes in mitochondrial biogenesis or capillarization. However, exercise training was sufficient to elicit an increase in individual capillary-to-fiber ratio (P = 0.0003), capillary density (P = 0.0428), and the Capillary to Fiber Perimeter Exchange Index (P = 0.0089). Significant increases in the expression of mitochondrial protein Complexes I (P = 0.0073) and IV (P = 0.0015), were observed in the exercise group, but not the heat or control groups. CONCLUSIONS : 6 weeks of localized HT, when applied to young healthy individuals, is insufficient to induce mitochondrial biogenesis or capillarization in skeletal muscle. Additionally, our findings provide support for the extensive body of literature that connects exercise training to beneficial skeletal muscle adaptations.
Correlation and Change in Physical Activity and Physical Fitness across Four Years of College Students after One Year of COVID-19 Lockdown

The relationship between physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) has been well established among college students. However, the impact of this relationship after 1 year of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures is unclear. This study aimed to test the relationship between PA and PF, exploring the trend across four years, the different components of PF related to PA, and their determinants, by analyzing specific items. A total of 1506 university students (19.48 ± 1.35 years old, 55.8% male) in years 1–4 at two comprehensive universities in Shanghai were recruited after one year of COVID restrictions and asked to complete the PF measurements and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ Chinese Short version). The PA level is categorized into three types of intensity (low-moderate-high), and the level of PF is represented by the total test score of each item. Results show that PA was significantly positively correlated with PF; PA levels significantly predicted 1000m-run, 50m-sprint, and standing-long-jump in males, and 800m-sprint and sit-ups in females. Males predominantly had high-intensity PA, whereas females maintained moderate-intensity PA over four academic years. Meanwhile, PA and PF both trended downward as academic years increased in males and females, which could be attributed to a decline in high-intensity PA. The following two recommendations were obtained from the study: first, college students should engage in high-intensity PA activities after the end of the epidemic. Second, colleges offer physical education classes for four academic years of college students to promote PA and PF.
Papillomavirus Infection and Prevention: How Much Does the Sicilian Population Know? An Observational Study

Highlights To date, incidence of HPV-related oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma is increased; Spread of HPV infection among youth is due to sexual precocity and promiscuity; Two HPV strains are primarily related to cancer onset: 16 and 18; There are different HPV vaccines but knowledge and adherence are still quite low; Not only young women must be aware on risk factors and vaccine. Abstract Human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted virus that is responsible not only for uterine cervical cancer, but also for the oral and oropharyngeal cancers. In this latter case, the virus indiscriminately affects both sexes at any age. Vaccination plays a key role in preventing infection and its possible consequences. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the degree of awareness of papillomavirus infection and its possible prevention in the Sicilian population. A prospective observational study was carried out on the Sicilian population through a self-administered questionnaire, consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions. The survey lasted from June 2021 to December 2021. A total of 844 respondents were included: 60.90% were female and 53.55% were aged between 21 and 30 years. Most of the surveyed population knew about the virus and the existence of the vaccine, however, many of them did not know about virus’s effects on the oral and oropharyngeal sites (49.17%), or about the indication for vaccination for males (39.69%). Oral and oropharyngeal papillomavirus-related cancers are an increasingly frequent finding, especially in young adults. Therefore, it is necessary and quite mandatory to educate the population about the risks that certain voluptuous habits may cause, with the help of general practitioners, schools, social media, and social networks.