Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Status of Bhoochetana Programme Beneficiaries about Groundnut Production Technologies

ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 1 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com The research study was conducted on impact of training programme on knowledge, perception and attitude of stakeholders towards Bhoochetana programme. The Raichur, Koppal and Bellary districts were purposively selected based on their maximum area under groundnut cultivation. The random sampling procedure is being used to identify 180 beneficiaries. The ex-post –facto research design used for the study. It was observed that 45.56 per cent of the beneficiaries belonged to medium knowledge category followed by low (27.78 %) and high (26.67 %) categories. Majority of the beneficiaries had knowledge about varieties of groundnut suited for the region A large majority (91.11 %) of the beneficiaries had knowledge about recommended seed rate followed by seed treatment with Rhizobium & PSB. Majority (80.56 %) of the beneficiaries had knowledge regarding time of sowing. Whereas, 57.22 per cent of the beneficiaries had knowledge about recommended spacing. Large majority (92.78 %) of the beneficiaries know about application of recommended dose of macro and micronutrients (92.22 %). Majority (64.44 %) of the beneficiaries had knowledge about red headed hairy caterpillar management. Leaf minor management was known to 57.22 per cent of them. Majority (76.66 %) of the beneficiaries had knowledge regarding Tikka disease (leaf spot) management. Half (50.00 %) of the beneficiaries had knowledge regarding rust management. The correlation analyses that, education, farming experience, extension participation, extension contact, cosmopoliteness, risk orientation, economic motivation and management orientation showed positive and significant relationship at 0.01 level of probability. Whereas livestock possession showed negative and significant relationship at 0.05 level of probability. K e y w o r d s Groundnut, Knowledge status, Bhoochetana programme & Relationship analysis Accepted: 15 December 2019 Available Online: 20 January 2020 Article Info Int.J.Curr.Microbiol. App.Sci (2020) 9(1): 1967-1973
Resilient Load Frequency Control of Cyber-Physical Power Systems Under QoS-Dependent Event-Triggered Communication

This article investigates resilient event-triggered load frequency control (LFC) of multiarea power systems under nonideal network environments. Under the sample-data framework, a novel QoS-dependent event-triggered communication (QEC) scheme is presented to deal with nonideal network environments while preserving the desired control performance and improving the communication efficiency. In comparison with some traditional state-dependent event-triggered communication schemes, since the proposed QEC depends not only on the state of controlled plant but also on the QoS of communication network, higher communication efficiency can be achieved. Then, a resilient LFC is well developed based on the proposed QEC, where “resilient” implies that: 1) for a normal QoS case, less packets are transmitted to save the communication resources and 2) for an abnormal QoS case, more packets are transmitted to mitigate the influence of nonideal QoS. Moreover, the proposed method provides a better way to balance the control performance and communication resource by reasonably choosing the parameters of QEC. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Brain Tumor Stemness

The incidence of primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) has been estimated in 15.8/100,000 and 17.2/100,000 individuals for men and women, respectively [1,2], which globally represents approximately 190,000 new cases per year. They represent the 3rd most common cause of death from cancer in middle-aged men, and the 4th most common in women between 15 and 34 years of age [3,4]. The most frequent tumors called gliomas ex‐ hibit glial characteristics on pathologic examination [1,3]. Despite advances in the knowl‐ edge of the molecular biology of gliomas, effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive. After multimodality treatment with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the overall sur‐ vival (OS) of patients with Glioblastoma (GB), the most frequent glioma, is around 14.6 months and the survival at 2 years is 26% [5, 6, 7, 8]. Although it is recognized that there are progenitor cells that can differentiate into neuronal and glial cells, the concept of a brain tu‐ mor stem cells is more controversial. In 2002, Altman and colleagues proposed the theory of post-natal neurogenesis that, associated with the finding of progenitor cells in glial tumors, suggested that these cells could be targeted for more effective therapies[9]. One of the diffi‐ culties is that there are no specific phenotypic markers for these cancer stem cells, and, therefore, their identification is limited to a functional characterization.
How employee exploration and exploitation affect task performance: The influence of organizational competitive orientation

Abstract Employees’ ability to explore and exploit is a micro-foundational component of organizational ambidexterity and hugely influential for organizational performance outcomes. However, little research has directly examined the relationship between exploration and exploitation with a performance at the individual-level. Building on the hierarchical dynamic capability perspective of ambidexterity, we investigate how employee exploration and exploitation affect task performance. We argue that employees’ ability to explore enhances task performance through employee exploitation. Furthermore, drawing on the strategic fit perspective, we examine how this employee exploration-exploitation-task performance relationship varies across different levels of organizational competitive orientation. Using a sample of 278 employees from three IT companies in China, our findings demonstrate that both employee exploration and exploitation have a positive effect on task performance, and employee exploitation acts as an effective mechanism which partially explains the relationship between employee exploration and task performance. Notably, we also find that the path relationship of employee exploration-exploitation-task performance is stronger when competitive orientation is low rather than high. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.
Can small-scale biogas projects mitigate the energy crisis of rural Bangladesh? A study with economic analysis

ABSTRACT Energy usage disparity is burgeoning across the world. Therefore, biogas can be promising towards energy solution in bucolic regions of Bangladesh. Exploiting small-scale plants (3.45, 2.4, 2.7, 3 and 3.3 m3), this study elucidates the economic congruity of gasification through cost–benefit analysis. The estimated mean investment cost was BDT 39260/plant, whereas an average BDT of 8792.85 and 6856/year/plant return obtained from biogas and bio-fertiliser. All plants yielded positive net present value (NPV) in both 10% and 15% discount rates. Complacent internal rate of return (average 33.2%), positive benefit–cost ratio and lower PBP (average 2.5) debunk the feasibility of a capital-intensive investment like biogas. Sensitivity analysis elicits discount rate as the most sensitive and endorses inverse relationship between cost items and NPV. The average value of the biogas/plant is approximately tantamount to 1650 kWh electricity/year/plant which is sufficient for the energy demand of seven people. Therefore, this study espouses galvanising rural households to confide more on renewable energies like biogas.
Genome-wide characterization of RNA polymerase II behavior during transcription termination and upon UV-B stress

The Pol II transcription cycle can be divided into three main phases: transcription initiation, elongation and termination. Each phase represent a possibility for the regulation of gene expression. Recently, genome-wide studies demonstrated that Pol II pausing is an important regulatory step that is present at almost every eukaryotic Pol II promoter. Surprisingly, paused or slowed down polymerases were also discovered downstream of 3’ end of genes, of which the exact role is still not fully understood.During my Ph.D. I carried out projects using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay coupled to high-throughput sequencing techniques to analyze genome-wide Pol II behavior in two aspects:First, we analyzed Pol II occupancy downstream of 3’ end of transcription units. Our analyses suggest that accumulation of Pol II downstream of genes is a genome-wide feature of active transcription. We found broad, often up to 6kb long Pol II occupancy signals at genes coding for polyadenylated transcripts. In contrast, Pol II occupancy shows a narrow profile at the annotated end of core histone genes. We also found a link between RNA 3’ end processing and Pol II accumulation at the end of transcription units.Second, we were following the genome-wide response and alteration of Pol II transcription upon genotoxic stress. Following UV-B treatment we observed a progressive Pol II signal loss from the promoters of expressed genes, which will then extend through the entire transcription unit, up to four hours after irradiation. This is in good agreement with the observation that after UV irradiation transcription is arrested during the period of transcription-coupled repair (TCR).
HYPERSALINE SOIL SUPPORTS A DIVERSE COMMUNITY OF DUNALIELLA (CHLOROPHYCEAE) 1

Numerous isolates of the green halophile Dunaliella were studied as part of a survey of microbial diversity at the Great Salt Plains (GSP) in Oklahoma, USA. The GSP is a large (∼65 km2) salt flat with extreme temporal and spatial fluctuations in salinity and temperature. Although the flagellate halophile Dunaliella is common worldwide, nearly all cultured isolates are from saline habitats that are primarily aquatic rather than primarily terrestrial. The diverse GSP Dunaliella strains exhibit three morphotypes: a predominantly motile form, a motile form with a prominent palmelloid phase (nonmotile, mucilage rich), and a palmelloid form with a weakly motile phase. All had broad salinity optima well below typical in situ salinities at the GSP, and two of the palmelloid isolates grew as well in freshwater as in highly saline media. Molecular phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses revealed that Dunaliella from the GSP (and two similar habitats in the Great Basin, USA) are allied with D. viridis Teodor. but possess phylogenetic diversity in excess of existing global isolates from aquatic habitats. In addition, isolates from primarily terrestrial habitats exhibit statistically higher rates of nucleotide substitution than the phylogenetically homogeneous set of primarily aquatic Dunaliella taxa. We hypothesize that dynamically extreme saline soil habitats may select for different and more diverse Dunaliella lineages than more stable saline aquatic habitats. We also propose Dunaliella as a tractable microbial model for in situ testing of evolutionary and phylogeographic hypotheses.
Prevalence of COVID-19: A Look behind the Scenes from the UAE and India

Mankind faces a coronavirus pandemic originating from a seafood market in Wuhan, China since December 2019. The pathogen was named novel coronavirus (n-CoV) and bats are the identified key reservoir. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quickly spread over China across the globe, turned into a pandemic with exponentially increasing numbers of cases and significant mortality rate. China reacted with lockdowns and strict control measurements to prevent spreading the virus. The treatment of severe cases was hampered by lack of specific vaccines. Vaccine-development and production is a painstaking process and can only be enforced by international cooperation. Different supportive treatment options surfaced due to combinations of antiviral agents with antibiotic drugs. Elderly, male, immune-suppressed patients with co-morbidities showed a high mortality rate. Health literacy, strong immune system, adequate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and healthy life style choices can support fast recovery. Antibiotic resistance needs to be addressed by development of new generation antimicrobials against nosocomial infections in preparation for future outbreaks. Plant-biosynthesis of nanomaterials and antiseptics may help in prevention and recovery rate. Prevalence of COVID-19 maybe inversely related to BCG vaccination, endemicity of malaria, humidy and temperature but directly with latitude. Recommendations to prevent the spread of COVID-19 should be followed strictly.
From genes to genomes: what is new in ancient DNA?

Despite being a rather young research field, the study of long dead and often extinct organisms’ DNA, called ancient DNA research, has received great public attention since its beginnings and has been published in the highest profile journals. At the same time, many of the high-profile publications in this field have been shown to be erroneous, for example, alleged extinct dinosaur DNA (Woodward et al. 1994) that was later found to be artifacts derived from modern human DNA contamination (Zischler et al. 1995). In the last two decades, it has become clear that DNA survival is not unlimited and that, even under ideal conditions such as a cold and dry environment, DNA does not survive for more than a million years in fossil samples (Paabo et al. 2004). Strict guidelines were established to ensure the authenticity of obtained results. This resulted in a growing number of high-quality studies. Nevertheless, ancient DNA research remained limited due to several reasons: first, the small amount of available material, second, the highly degraded and fragmented nature of the ancient DNA, and third, problems of contamination with contemporary DNA. Only recently, after new technologies and methodological approaches became available, is the field of ancient DNA experiencing a new era. Now studies once thought to be impossible are possible, such as large-scale population genetic studies (Shapiro et al. 2004; Debruyne et al. 2008), functional analysis of extinct genes (Rompler et al. 2006; Campbell et al. 2010), genetic studies of early modern humans (Krause et al. 2010a), as well as whole genome sequencing of extinct organisms (Miller et al. 2008; Green et al. 2010; Rasmussen et al. 2010). In this review some of the latest methodological developments in ancient DNA research will be discussed, in particular how new approaches allow us to overcome previous limitations while working with ancient hominin DNA.
ECOLOGICAL ENERGETICS OF THE KESTREL - DAILY ENERGY-EXPENDITURE THROUGHOUT THE YEAR BASED ON TIME-ENERGY BUDGET, FOOD-INTAKE AND DOUBLY LABELED WATER METHODS

1. Three methods were employed to determine the daily energy expenditure (DEE) of free-living Kestrels, throughout the year in a study area in the northern Netherlands. - TEB (time budget analysis) - Food intake (observational method) - DLW (doubly labeled water method) 2. The TEB model used here relies on empirically determined cost factors for the behaviour categories distinguished. To obtain average daily energy expenditure the average fasting metabolic rate for birds under thermoneutral conditions as determined in the laboratory is adjusted for thermoregulatory cost under field conditions. The environmental factors impinging on the animal were evaluated by exposing a heated taxidermic mount to ambient conditions. To this value were added the cost factors for activity as well as for tissue synthesis and empirically determined values for the heat increment of feeding. Where appropriate, the increased energetic expenditure associated with moult has also been added. 3. In all, comparison of TEB predictions and DLW measurements is possible for 15 sessions lasting from one to three days. Agreement was good, the time budget model tending to overestimate actual energy expenditure by about 7%. A further 12 DLW determinations, lacking complete time budget data, when compared to the mean, expected by TEB prediction for the period of the year concerned, confirm this (discrepancy about 1%, TEB again overestimating). 4. The estimation of daily expenditure from the observations of prey capture when corrected for body mass changes (D) yields figures lower than the TEB prediction by about 11 %. After excluding episodes of extreme discrepancies, which are probably due to shortcomings of the food intake method under special circumstances, food intake estimated DEE about 6.5% lower than TEB predictions. We conclude that this method is for a large part of the annual cycle essentially in agreement with the DLW value. 5. The seasonal pattern of energy expenditure in the Kestrel as estimated by the TEB approach is given. Males experience an extended annual peak during reproduction when they provision both their mate and progeny, whereas females peak during the late nestling phase when they actively participate in feeding. 6. On account of the energy subsidy provided by the male and lower mass-specific basal metabolic rate, the total annual energy consumption of the heavier female Kestrel is slightly less than that of her mate. Consequently the mass-specific metabolic rate in males is 20% higher than in females, which might have, still unknown, different consequences for the expected longevity of the sexes.
Activité larvicide sur Anopheles gambiae Giles et composition chimique des huiles essentielles extraites de quatre plantes cultivées au Cameroun

Les huiles essentielles obtenues par hydrodistillation des feuilles seches de Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Ocimum canum Sims, Ocimum gratissimum L. var 'gratissimum' L. et Thymus vulgaris L. cultives au Cameroun ont ete analysees et leur activite larvicide sur Anopheles gambiae Giles determinee. Les rendements d'extraction ont montre que T. vulgaris est plus riche en huile essentielle (0,95 %) que C. citratus (0,67 %). O. canum et O. gratissimum ont sensiblement la meme teneur en constituants volatils (0,59 % et 0,60 %, respectivement). L'analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse (CPG) et couplage chromatographie en phase gazeuse-spectrometrie de masse (CPG/SM) a revele que ces huiles sont toutes a majorite monoterpenique (86,8-97,4 %). Les monoterpenes oxygenes sont predominants dans les essences de C. citratus et d'O. canum (81,6 % et 68,9 %, respectivement) alors que les monoterpenes hydrocarbones sont majoritaires dans l'huile essentielle d'O. gratissimum (61,0 %). Enfin, T. vulgaris se caracterise par une proportion sensiblement identique de monoterpenes hydrocarbones (45,0 %) et de monoterpenes oxygenes (48,9 %). Les constituants majeurs identifies dans l'essence de C. citratus sont des monoterpenes acycliques tels que le geraniol (15,6 %), le geranial (39,3 %), le neral (21,9 %) et le myrcene (14,0 %). L'huile essentielle de T. vulgaris se distingue par une preponderance de structures p-menthaniques dominees par le thymol (40,1 %), le p-cymene (23,4 %) et le γ-terpinene (15,1 %). Le p-cymene (32,1 %) et le thymol (24,3 %) sont egalement les constituants quantitativement les plus importants de l'huile volatile d'O. gratissimum alors que le linalol (56,3 %) et le limonene (10,9 %) predominent dans celle d'O. canum. Les tests biologiques effectues selon une methodologie inspiree du protocole standard de l'OMS ont revele que ces huiles possedent de remarquables proprietes larvicides. Elles induisent 100 % de mortalite des larves de stade 4 d'A. gambiae a la concentration de 100 ppm pour C. citratus, 200 ppm pour T. vulgaris, 350 ppm pour O. gratissimum et 400 ppm pour O. canum. Les CL50 et les CL80 mesurees pour les quatre huiles essentielles indiquent le meme ordre de reactivite. L'huile essentielle de C. citratus est l'extrait le plus efficace avec des valeurs respectives de : CL50 = 18 ppm et CL80 = 25 ppm.
Watching over or Working with? Understanding Social Work Innovation in Response to Extra-Familial Harm

This paper critically reflects on the role of surveillance and trusted relationships in social work in England and Wales. It explores the characteristics of relationships of trust and relationships of surveillance and asks how these approaches apply to emerging policy and practices responses to extra-familial forms of harm (EFH). Five bodies of research that explore safeguarding responses across a range of public bodies are drawn on to present an analytical framework that explores elements of safeguarding responses, constituting relationships of trust or relationships of surveillance and control. This analytic framework is applied to two case studies, each of which detail a recent practice innovation in response to EFH studied by the authors, as part of a larger body of work under the Contextual Safeguarding programme. The application of this framework signals a number of critical issues related to the focus/rationale, methods and impact of interventions into EFH that should be considered in future work to address EFH, to ensure young people’s rights to privacy and participation are upheld.
Blame It on the Self-Driving Car: How Autonomous Vehicles Can Alter Consumer Morality

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are expected to soon replace human drivers and promise substantial benefits to society. Yet, consumers remain skeptical about handing over control to an AV. Partly because there is uncertainty about the appropriate moral norms for such vehicles (e.g., should AVs protect the passenger or the pedestrian if harm is unavoidable? ). Building on recent work on AV morality, the current research examined how people resolve the dilemma between protecting self versus a pedestrian, and what they expect an AV to do in a similar situation. Five studies revealed that participants considered harm to a pedestrian more permissible with an AV as compared to self as the decision agent in a regular car. This shift in moral judgments was driven by the attribution of responsibility to the AV and was observed for both severe and moderate harm, and when harm was real or imagined. However, the effect was attenuated when five pedestrians or a child could be harmed. These findings suggest that AVs can change prevailing moral norms and promote an increased self-interest among consumers. This has relevance for the design and policy issues related to AVs. It also highlights the moral implications of autonomous agents replacing human decision-makers.
Immune Reactive Ezrin Surface Area Increases in Glomerular Podocytes of STZ Diabetic Rats Precede Their Detachment, Is Prevented by Phlorizin But Not by Insulin

Glomerular tuft immune reactive Ezrin surface area (EzA) and fraction of EzA to total glomerular tuft area significantly increased, indicating podocyte growth, rounding and altered cytoskeletal interactions at 1 week of STZ diabetes. Podocyte number per glomerulus (WT1+ nuclei) did not change indicating no detachment, but density decreased due to tuft hypertrophy. Treatment with PLZ or Insulin for one week, prevented increase in proteinuria and hyperglycemia but not the decrease in podocyte density. PLZ but not Insulin prevented increase in ezrin positive area in glomeruli and per podocyte. In podocytes in culture neither 25 mM glucose with or without PLZ (2.5 or 25 uM) altered Ezrin expression measured in western blots. In summary, the Ezrin positive glomerular surface area increase seen after 1 week of STZ diabetes, reflects altered podocyte morphology and cytoskeletal interactions, prevented by PLZ but not by insulin. Ezrin area increase preceded podocyte detachment and in podocytes in culture is not associated with increases in podocyte Ezrin protein expression. It is a likely precursor of shape changes in podocytes and of alterd interactions with basement membrane that contribute to detachment and thickening. Glomerular capillary tuft hypertrophy and reduced podocyte density persisted despite PLZ or insulin treatments, independently of levels of glycemia and of proteinuria.