Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fundamental and empirical rheological behaviour of wheat flour doughs and comparison with bread making performance

Abstract The rheological characteristics of wheat flour doughs from the cultivars Obelisk and Katepwa and of biscuit flour doughs, and also of biscuit flour doughs containing glutens isolated from cv. Obelisk and cv. Katepwa flour, were compared and discussed in relation to bread making performance. Four different rheological methods were employed: two fundamental methods, i.e. dynamic (oscillatory) and uniaxial compression tests, and two empirical methods, i.e. tests using a Brabender Extensograph and a Chopin Alveograph. The fundamental methods showed that a dough of cv. Katepwa flour had a higher resistance to deformation and was more elastic than a dough of cv. Obelisk flour. Doughs of biscuit flour exhibited an intermediate behaviour, except that loss tangent values were close to those of a cv. Obelisk flour dough. Addition of cv. Obelisk gluten to biscuit flour hardly affected the rheological behaviour, whereas addition of cv. Katepwa gluten resulted in a higher resolution resistance to deformation and a higher elasticity. Uniaxial compression tests clearly showed the strain hardening and strain rate thinning characteristics of the flour doughs, which were most pronounced for a dough of cv. Katepwa flour. The rheological characteristics of cv. Obelisk and cv. Katepwa flour doughs and of biscuit flour doughs containing the glutens corresponded with those of the isolated hydrated glutens. The information about the rheological behaviour of the flour doughs obtained by the four methods was complementary and in good agreement, despite differences in applied strains, deformation rates and modes of deformation. The empirical tests showed that the extensibility of the biscuit flour dough was less compared to that of the other doughs. This study suggests that in order to obtain a high loaf volume and a fine crumb structure, wheat flour dough has to exhibit biaxial strain hardening and extensibility exceeding a minimum level; it is likely that the resistance to deformation may vary within a certain range.
The Effect Of Spirituality, Subjective Norms And Perceived Behavioral Control On Taxpayer Compliance

Taxation is directed to encourage the country's economy. In line with the increase in development financing and government activities, the need for increased state revenues is becoming increasingly urgent. But the reality in Indonesia since the implementation of the self assessment system the level of voluntary compliance is still low which is reflected in the low tax ratio. This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of spirituality, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on taxpayer compliance. The independent variables of this study are spirituality, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Intervening variables are intentions while the dependent variable of this research is taxpayer compliance. The study used primary data by distributing questionnaires to the Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSME) private taxpayers in the South Makassar Primary Tax Office. The data that has been collected is analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results show that there is an indirect influence of spirituality on taxpayer compliance through intentions. Subjective norms affect the intention to behave obediently and there is no direct influence of perceived behavioral control on tax compliance or indirect influence through the intention to behave obediently.
Effects of PVDF/SiO2 hybrid ultrafiltration membranes by sol–gel method for the concentration of fennel oil in herbal water extract

In this paper, organic–inorganic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/silica (SiO2) hybrid membranes were prepared via phase inversion by a tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) sol–gel process and were used to concentrate fennel oil in herbal water extract. Such characteristics of the hybrid membranes as crystal structure, mechanical properties, thermal stability, morphology, hydrophilicity, and permeation performance were investigated thoroughly. The analytical results showed that the interaction existed between SiO2 nanoparticles and PVDF polymers, and that the thermal and mechanical properties of the hybrid membranes were improved by the introduction of SiO2. Besides, the crystalline structure of PVDF changed from β phase to α phase when TEOS content surpassed 20%. Furthermore, the experimental data indicated that hydrophilicity, permeation, rejection, porosity and mean pore size of the hybrid membranes also increased with ascending TEOS contents, but higher TEOS contents had negative effect on those properties. Finally, the concentration process of fennel oil in herbal water extract through the hybrid membranes was conducted and it proved that the separation performance was effectively improved.
Preclinical Models in Prostate Cancer: Resistance to AR Targeting Therapies in Prostate Cancer

Simple Summary In this review, we will look into the existing methods to study treatment resistance to androgen receptor targeted therapies in prostate cancer. This will encompass both the different existing preclinical models as well as the role specific models have played in the current understanding of resistance mechanisms. Abstract Prostate cancer is an androgen-driven tumor. Different prostate cancer therapies consequently focus on blocking the androgen receptor pathway. Clinical studies reported tumor resistance mechanisms by reactivating and bypassing the androgen pathway. Preclinical models allowed the identification, confirmation, and thorough study of these pathways. This review looks into the current and future role of preclinical models to understand resistance to androgen receptor-targeted therapies. Increasing knowledge on this resistance will greatly improve insights into tumor pathophysiology and future treatment strategies in prostate cancer.
Opposite response of phosphorus sorption to pH and ionic strength: a comparative study in two different shallow lake sediments

Phosphorus (P) sediment sorption is regarded as the most important buffering process against P increases in overlying water. In this study, two shallow eutrophic sediments (Mei and Hua) with distinct compositions were selected to assess effects of pH (from 6 to 9) and ionic strength (IS) (0, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 M KCl) on P sorption. In Mei sediments, the P sorption decreased as pH increased (6.97–9.13), but it increased as IS increased over the pH range in question. These results could be attributed to the negatively charged surface of Mei sediments, as indicated by the salt titration curve, and the high cation exchange capacity (CEC). P sorption in Hua sediments was facilitated by a pH increase (6.12–7.49), but it was hindered by an IS increase. A reasonable explanation for this phenomenon is that calcium phosphate precipitates at high pHs and that Cl− exchanges with P because the surface is weakly charged (small CEC). These results indicate that the sediment P sorption may have trends opposite to one another in relation to the salt change (e.g. drought and rainy season) in the lake water between the two sediments. These data provide additional support to explain P concentration variations in lakes.
Theory and Practical Application of Heat Pulse to Measure Sap Flow

Heat pulse methods can be used for accurate measurements of sap flow in plant stems provided a reliable calibration procedure is used to relate the measured heat pulse velocity to the actual sap flow. This paper reviews the theory underpinning both the compensation and T-max heat pulse methods that use a linear heater and temperature probes inserted radially into the plant stem. These probes not only disrupt the sap stream, but they also alter the thermal homogeneity of the sapwood in the vicinity of the probes. The degree of disturbance depends on the size and geometry of the probes and the corresponding wound width of the nonconducting sapwood. A two-dimensional model of heat and water flow was used here to derive appropriate correction factors to account for the influence of both probe thermal properties and flow blockage. Wound width has a large influence on the heat pulse measurements while sensor material appears to have little or no influence. A table of correction factors is presented for both the compensation and T-max methods. These new correction factors are confirmed by comparing heat pulse measurements in the trunk of a willow (Salix alba L.) and a poplar (Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marsh), against actual rates of transpiration determined from measured weight loss of the trees growing in large lysimeters. On a daily basis, both heat pulse measurements were found to be within 5 to 10% of the actual transpiration. The compensation method accurately measured flows close to 2 cm/h. The T-max method had difficulty resolving any flows slower than about 10 cm/h.
A simple model based on first order kinetics to explain release of highly water soluble drugs from porous dicalcium phosphate dihydrate matrices

AbstractA simple model was developed to explain release of highly water soluble drugs from inert, insoluble, nonswelling porous matrices. According to this model the release can be explained using a first order kinetic expression: Q = Qo e-Kt, where Q is amount released, Qo is initial amount, and K is rate constant. The rate constant is related to the geometry of the matrix as: K = Kb A/V where, Kb is a diffusion related proportionality constant, A is void area, and V is void volume. For cylindrical matrices, the rate constant can be expressed as K = Kb 2(1/r + 1/h) where r is radius and h is height of the matrix.Cylindrical as well as biconvex matrices were prepared on a single punch tablet machine with varying heights and radii, thus different specific surface areas. The rate constants were determined following dissolution testing. The experimental release profiles follow first order kinetics. Good correlation was found between the rate constant and specific surface area of the matrices studied.
İPLİK-İPLİK VE İPLİK-METAL SÜRTÜNME KATSAYISI İLE BAZI İPLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Sevda ALTAŞ Ege Ü. Tire Kutsan Meslek Yüksek Okulu Hüseyin KADOĞLU Ege Üniversitesi Tekstil Mühendisliği Bölümü Bu çalışmada, karde ve penye pamuktan üretilen ring ipliklerinin sürtünme özellikleri ile bu ipliklerin fiziksel özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, üç farklı numara ve büküm katsayısında üretilen ring ipliklerinin iplikiplik, iplik-metal sürtünme katsayı değerleri, çap, düzgünsüzlük, ince yer, kalın yer, neps ve tüylülük özellikleri test edilmiştir. İpliklerin sürtünme özellikleri ile diğer fiziksel özellikleri arasındaki ilişki korelasyon analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. İpliklerin numaraları (Ne cinsinden) arttıkça iplik-metal sürtünme katsayıları artmakta ve sadece karde ipliklerde artan numara ile iplik-iplik sürtünme katsayı değerleri düşmektedir. İplik çap değerlerindeki artış, iplikmetal sürtünme katsayısını düşürürken, iplik-iplik sürtünme katsayısı üzerinde önemli bir etkisi bulunmamaktadır. İplikteki büküm miktarının iplik-iplik ve iplik-metal sürtünme katsayı değerleri üzerinde her hangi bir etkisi bulunmamaktadır. İplikteki düzgünsüzlük, ince yer, kalın yer ve neps artışı iplik-iplik sürtünme katsayısını düşürürken, iplik-metal sürtünme katsayısını arttırmaktadır. Tüylülük miktarındaki artış iplik-metal sürtünme katsayısını düşürmektedir. Diğer taraftan tüylülük miktarı ile iplik-iplik sürtünme katsayısı arasındaki ilişki önemli değildir. kesikli lif iplikçiliği, ring iplik eğirme sistemi, iplik-iplik sürtünme katsayısı, iplik-metal sürtünme katsayısı. In this study, the relation between friction and physical properties of carded and combed ring spun yarns is observed. For this aim, ring spun yarns having three different yarn number and twist coefficients is produced and yarn-to-yarn friction coefficient, yarn-to-metal friction coefficient, evenness, thin place, thick place, neps and hairiness properties were tested. The relationship between yarn friction coefficients and other yarn physical properties is analyzed with correlation analysis.As the yarn number (in terms of Ne) increase, yarn-to-metal friction coefficient increase and only with carded yarns the increase of yarn number decrease yarn-to-yarn friction coefficients. While the increase in yarn diameter values decrease yarn-to-metal friction coefficient, it does not have any effect on yarn-to-yarn friction coefficient. The yarn twist does not have any effect on yarn-to-yarn friction and yarn-to-metal friction coefficients. While the increase of yarn evenness, thin place, thick place and neps decrease yarn-to-yarn friction coefficient, it increase yarn-to-metal friction coefficient. The increase of yarn hairiness decrease yarn-to-metal friction coefficient. On the other hand, there is not any significant relation between yarn hairiness and yarn-to-yarn friction coefficient. staple fiber spinning, ring yarn spinning system, yarn-to-yarn friction coefficient, yarn-to-metal friction coefficient. Anahtar kelimeler:
Hydrogen bonding. 39. The partition of solutes between water and various alcohols

The general solvation equation was applied to the partition of solutes between water and isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol, octanol, decanol and oleyl alcohol. It is shown that the two main factors that influence partitioning are solute hydrogen-bond basicity Σβ and solute volume Vx. The b coefficient becomes steadily more negative along the above series of alcohols, showing that the alcoholic phases, which are all less acidic than water, become less and less acidic as the chain length increases, and the water content of the alcoholic phase decreases. The v coefficient, on the other hand, becomes gradually more positive, indicating that as the chain length increases and the water content decreases, the alcoholic phase becomes more and more hydrophobic. Of great significance is that for all six alcohols, the a coefficient is effectively zero, so that all alcoholic phases have the same basicity as bulk water, no matter what their water content is. It is suggested that, contrary to results of solvatochromic measurements, the alcohols have similar hydrogen-bond basicity to water.
The role of the 37-kDa/67-kDa laminin receptor in the cellular metabolism of the prion protein

Prionen Erkrankungen sind neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, bei denen die abnormale Form (PrPSc) des zellularen Prion Proteins (PrPC) eine entscheidente Rolle spielt. PrPSc lagert sich im Gehirn von Menschen und verschiedenen Saugetieren zu langen Ketten, sogenanntem Amyloid, zusammen und bildet amyloide Plaques. Dies fuhrt letzendlich zum Tod des Individuums. Die Pathogenese und die zellulare Funktion des Prion Proteins ist jedoch noch nicht vollstandigig verstanden. Es wird vermutet, das PrPC, sowie PrPSc mit verschieden Makromolekulen interagieren. In dieser Dissertation wird die Interaktion des 37-kDa/67-kDa Laminin-Rezeptor (LRP/LR) mit dem Prion Protein beleuchtet. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, das beide Proteine an der Zelloberflache von neuronalen Zellen interagieren und das LRP/LR fur die Internalisierung von rekombinantem PrPC notwending ist. Diese Internalisierung ist ein aktiver, rezeptorvermittelter Prozess. Daruberhinaus konnte gezeigt werden, das LRP/LR notwendig fur die Propagation des abnormalen Prion Proteins, PrPSc, in scrapie-infizierten neuronalen Zellen ist. Scrapie-infizierte neuronale Zellen stellen ein Modellsystem fur PrPSc-Infektionen dar. Verschiedene Isoformen von LRP/LR aus Mausehirn sind identifiziert worden und binden PrPC in overlay-assays. Damit konnte eine Interaktion aller Isoformen mit dem Prion Protein gezeigt werden. PrPC konnte in grosen Mengen in der Hefe Pichia pastoris hergestellt werden. Dabei wurde sowohl eine monomere Form, als auch ein kovalent verknupftes Dimer des Proteins von der Hefe produziert. Beide Proteine wurden biochemisch charakterisiert und stellen ein Substrat fur Kristallisations- und Funktionsstudien dar.
Worst Case Complexity of Parallel Triangular Mesh Refinement by Longest Edge Bisection.

Abstract : We present a logarithmic algorithm for performing parallel refinement of triangular meshes by the widely used longest edge bisection procedure. We show that the refinement propagation forms a data dependency which can be expressed as a forest of directed trees. We solve a parallel Euler Tour problem on the trees to propagate the refinement. After propagation, we apply refinement templates. Our algorithm improves earlier reported results which had linear worst case complexity.
Studies on concentration of some heavy metals and strontium 90Sr and cesium 137Cs isotopes in bottom sediments of selected lakes of Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Pojezierze

Along with industrial development of the world a water reservoirs, such as soil become, although in considerably smaller degree, the place of accumulation of different kind of contaminations. Introduction of organic, inorganic, and radioactive substances produces dramatic, often irreversible changes of physicochemical and biological properties of these reservoirs. The geochemical composition of sediments, gathering on the bottom of rivers and water reservoirs it is a very good indicator of quality of surface waters and the presence of contaminants. Usually, such sediments are a mixture of natural (autochthonous) matter and anthropogenic (alochtonic) one transported often from distant places. Generally, one may distinguish three kinds of water sediments differing in a way of formation and properties, i.e. river, marine and lake sediments. Because concentration of these substances is several times higher in sediments than in water, the former enable their detection and observation of changes in their content even at small concentrations. In the literature, much attention has been paid to studies on anthropogenic isotopes [3−5, 7−12, 14], and heavy metals contents [11, 15] in bottom sediments. Authors focus on transportation of these isotopes along the rivers and their deposition in river sediments or inlet reservoirs (lake, sea) [4, 8, 9, 14]. Some papers deal with studies on influence of the depth of the reservoir on the concentration of isotopes in the sediment layers [3, 7, 12]. Studies on concentration of some heavy metals and strontium Sr and cesium Cs isotopes in bottom sediments of selected lakes of Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Pojezierze Jan Solecki, Marek Reszka, Stanisław Chibowski
First-principles investigations of elastic stability and electronic structure of cubic platinum carbide under pressure

[Sun, Xiao-Wei; Chen, Qi-Feng; Cai, Ling-Cang; Jing, Fu-Qian] China Acad Engn Phys, Natl Key Lab Shock Wave & Detonat Phys, Inst Fluid Phys, Mianyang 621900, Peoples R China. [Sun, Xiao-Wei; Chen, Xiang-Rong; Jing, Fu-Qian] Sichuan Univ, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China. [Sun, Xiao-Wei] Lanzhou Jiaotong Univ, Sch Math & Phys, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xiang-Rong] Chinese Acad Sci, Int Ctr Mat Phys, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. ;Sun, XW (reprint author), China Acad Engn Phys, Natl Key Lab Shock Wave & Detonat Phys, Inst Fluid Phys, Mianyang 621900, Peoples R China;sunxw_lzjtu@126.com chen_qifeng@iapcm.ac. cn xrchen@126.com
Stick−Slip Dynamics of Entangled Polymer Liquids

Stick−slip dynamics of polymer liquids sheared between aluminum, stainless steel, and α-brass substrates are investigated using model 1,4-polybutadiene (PBD) melts with a broad range of molecular weights 6.7 × 104 ≤ Mn ≤ 5.15 × 105. A variable gap, 50 μm ≤ H ≤ 750 μm, planar-Couette shear flow apparatus equipped with a centrally mounted shear force transducer is used to produce uniform steady shear flow in the polymers and to measure shear stresses over a constant area near the shear platen's center. The same instrument is used to quantify extrapolation lengths b from steady shear flow measurements at multiple gaps. Experiments performed using aluminum (Al) and stainless steel substrates reveal dramatic transitions from simple shear flow to stick−slip dominated flows at shear stresses near a critical value σ* ≈ 0.26 ± 0.02 MPa. The stick−slip regime is evidenced by asymmetric transient stress oscillations that at first observation possess periods close to the longest relaxation times of polymers studied.
Optimized Drying of Kaprow Leaves for Industrial Production of Holy Basil Spice Powder

The present study investigated the changes in color, volatile compounds, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of two holy basil leaves (kaprow in Thai) Ocimum sanctum L. cultivars, kaprow khao and kaprow daeng, after three drying treatments, namely hot air (HA), low relative humidity air drying (LRH), and far-infrared radiation (FIR). Overall, HA dried showed a greater decrease in L values than did LRH and FIR dried for both kaprow cultivars. A significant decrease in total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was found in hot-air (HA) dried compared to fresh leaves, while TPC, TFC, and FRAP in LRH and FIR dried kaprow were significantly increased. Kaprow daeng and kaprow khao attributes represented by such compounds as β-caryophyllene, methyl eugenol, and eugenol were found to increase during drying. We found that eugenol was a major volatile compound ranging from 18% in HA dried to 23% in FIR dried samples in kaprow khao, whereas methyl eugenol was the main volatile compound in kaprow daeng ranging from 35% in fresh to 49% in FIR dried samples. Our results have demonstrated that LRH and FIR should be considered as a suitable drying method for kaprow with respect to preserving its color, antioxidant property, phenolic compounds, and volatile compounds. The present study has provided useful information for industrial use of kaprow powder production.
Lubrication properties of castor oil -potential basestock for biodegradable Lubricants©

Viscosity, oxidative stability, deposit formation, volatility, lubricity and additive compatibility of castor oil (88+% ricinoleic) were compared to super-refined mineral oil (SRMO) and high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO). A satisfactory viscosity index (VI) of 90 and the extraordinarily high viscosity of castor oil can be related to hydrogen bonding of hydroxy monounsaturated triglycerides. When oxidized in thin film microoxidation test on a steel surface at 225°C under controlled air flow, castor oil showed deposit forming tendencies lower than HOSO but much higher than SRMO. Both vegetable oils had low volatility and demonstrated similar high molecular weight oxidation product formation tendencies at 175°C. Castor oil solubilized higher concentrations of antioxidants, but the oxidative stability of the formulation was lower when compared to HOSO. Without additives castor oil was comparable to other vegetable oils and superior to SRMO in performance on the four-ball wear tester.