Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The breast/nipple/areola complex and human sexuality

Abstract The male or female breast/nipple/areola complex arises from a common mammary stem cell and develops similarly in the foetus and during infancy. At puberty the male's breasts remain rudimentary but the female's develop further, mainly through oestrogen and progesterone stimulation, and become more sensitive. Female breasts serve both nutritive and sexual functions, unlike other primates they develop at puberty before lactation is necessary. Their sexual attraction is through size, shape and their areolae but also, when unrestrained, their jiggling movements. Small breasts are more sensitive than large. Pregnancy and lactation increase their size. Breast feeding releases oxytocin (milk release) and prolactin (milk secretion), other functions have been proposed for the latter. The pigmented areola contains tubercles of Montgomery that secrete a fluid protecting the skin and creating an olfactory signal for baby and possibly lover; areola corrugation immediately after orgasm physically signals that orgasm has occurred. Male and female (non-pregnant) nipple stimulation has been claimed to induce prolactin secretion but confirmation is needed. Young adult women and men report that breast stimulation not only induces their sexual arousal but enhances it when already aroused.
Organic‐Templating Approach to Synthesis of Nanoporous Silica Composite Membranes (II): MTES‐Templating and CO2 Separation

Abstract Nanoporous silica composite membranes for gas separation have been synthesized by the organic‐templating sol‐gel technique and their CO2/N2 separation efficiency has been investigated. Stable organic‐templating silica sols capable of coating nanoporous amorphous silica layers on SiO2/α‐Al2O3 composite supports were prepared by the two‐step acid‐catalytic process using the mixture of TEOS and template such as MTES (methyltriethoxysilane) being covalently bonded with TEOS or TPABr (tetrapropylammonium bromide) non‐reacted. The SiO2/α‐Al2O3 composite supports (pore size 1.6 nm) prepared by pressurized coating of the porous α‐alumina tube with a nanoparticulate silica sol were found to be more suitable than pure α‐Al2O3 composite supports for synthesizing crack‐free membranes which have the high CO2/N2 separation efficiency. The N2 permeability of organic‐templated silica composite membranes synthesized was about 10−8 mol/m2 · s · Pa and the CO2/N2 separation factor of the MTES‐templated silica composite membranes was enhanced up to 19 at room temperature by surface‐modifying the templated silica membrane with the TEOS‐EtOH solution.
From local revolutionary action to exiled humanitarian work: activism in local social networks and communities’ formation in the Syrian post-2011 context

ABSTRACT Based on empirical material collected in Lebanon and Turkey in 2014 and 2016, this paper focuses on Syrian activists and social aid networks operating from exile from 2011 onwards. By paying attention to what these activists do and say, to their individual trajectories (namely during the 2011 period and the first months of popular protests), and to their immediate ‘environment’, I shed light on how they give meaning to their humanitarian activity and on how they relate to politics. I also explore the way in which activists explicitly and implicitly contribute to the changing political dynamics of the conflict, for instance by supporting and constructing Syrian (exiled, displaced and besieged) communities. In so doing, I illustrate how informal networks created in situations of uprising may find an exit strategy by institutionalizing themselves and how they adapt to a context of war characterized by fluidity, the sudden pluralization of the political arena and the need to negotiate space and resources with multiple ‘players. ’
Of half-bloods and street dogs, Arnold Clavio vs. the Azkals: discourses and definitions of national identity

Abstract Football might not be as popular as basketball in the Philippines, but it has a loyal following. In 2012, broadcaster Arnold Clavio claimed that members of the Men’s National Team, the Azkals, were not true Filipinos. Most of the Azkals are children of Filipinos and foreign nationals, and spent their childhood abroad. Clavio’s statement prompted an online writing storm, which the researcher analyzed to examine how Filipinos constructed their identity. Analysis showed that Azkals supporters constructed the Filipino as a ‘citizen of the world’, with a dynamic identity defined by individual emotions. Clavio supporters tended to construct the Filipino as a ‘citizen of the country only’, with an identity fixed by location and acted out in culture. The debate centred on whether Filipino identity could be inherited but changed, or was fixed and immutable. These struggles raise interesting questions on national identity and unity, whether or not football is involved.
Sharp bounds for the mean of the total time on test for distributions with increasing generalized failure rate

ABSTRACT The results of this paper are the continuation of the research presented by Bieniek [Optimal bounds for the mean of the total time on test for distributions with decreasing generalized failure rate. Statistics. 2016;50:1206–1220]. We consider the remaining total time on test after a given failure in a life test experiment. We derive sharp upper bounds on the mean of the total time on test optimal in the class of distributions with increasing generalized failure rate with respect to generalized Pareto distributions. Specific results are obtained for distributions with increasing density and increasing failure rate. We also provide exemplary numerical values of the obtained bounds and we compare them with the corresponding bounds for distributions with decreasing generalized failure rate.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Management of Regional Lymph Nodes in Melanoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update.

Purpose To update the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)-Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) guideline for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in melanoma. Methods An ASCO-SSO panel was formed, and a systematic review of the literature was conducted regarding SLN biopsy and completion lymph node dissection (CLND) after a positive sentinel node in patients with melanoma. Results Nine new observational studies, two systematic reviews, and an updated randomized controlled trial of SLN biopsy, as well as two randomized controlled trials of CLND after positive SLN biopsy, were included. Recommendations Routine SLN biopsy is not recommended for patients with thin melanomas that are T1a (nonulcerated lesions < 0.8 mm in Breslow thickness). SLN biopsy may be considered for thin melanomas that are T1b (0.8 to 1.0 mm Breslow thickness or < 0.8 mm Breslow thickness with ulceration) after a thorough discussion with the patient of the potential benefits and risk of harms associated with the procedure. SLN biopsy is recommended for patients with intermediate-thickness melanomas (T2 or T3; Breslow thickness of > 1.0 to 4.0 mm). SLN biopsy may be recommended for patients with thick melanomas (T4; > 4.0 mm in Breslow thickness), after a discussion of the potential benefits and risks of harm. In the case of a positive SLN biopsy, CLND or careful observation are options for patients with low-risk micrometastatic disease, with due consideration of clinicopathological factors. For higher-risk patients, careful observation may be considered only after a thorough discussion with patients about the potential risks and benefits of foregoing CLND. Important qualifying statements outlining relevant clinicopathological factors and details of the reference patient populations are included within the guideline. Additional information is available at www.asco. org/melanoma-guidelines and www.asco. org/guidelineswiki .
Monotonic Analysis over Cones: I

In this article, we study increasing and positively homogeneous functions defined on convex cones of locally convex spaces. This work is the first part in a series of studies to have a general view of the emerging area of Monotonic Analysis. We develop a general notion of so-called elementary functions, so that the generalized increasing and positively homogeneous functions can be represented as upper-envelopes of families of such functions. We also study many other associated properties like the description of support sets and normal and co-normal sets in a very general setting.
The Psycho-Biological Bases of Sports Supporters' Behaviour: The Virtuous Supporter

Given current studies in moral psychology and following recent cases of wrong behaviour occurred in elite sporting events – e.g. the racist chants scandals in the English Premier League or the events following Mourinho's poke in the eye scandal – I shall analyse the extent to which supporters' brain make-up is determining them to behave in an ‘unfair way’. Yet this paper is not just a work on descriptive ethics, but a normative ethics work. Therefore, once I have developed the ‘psycho-biological account of sports supporters’, I shall explore whether or not a more virtuous account of sports supporting can be drawn. In order to fulfil this normative task I shall appeal to the concept of ‘fair play’. The common view of fair play defines it as ‘the act of abiding by the rules’. However, my account of fair play is more complex and it is based on the moral principle of respecting others. This is the reason why fair play is not just something related to athletes but to supporters as well. To conclude, I shall sketch the boundaries of fair-play-based supporting behaviour in order to propose some policies or strategies that can help us to promote a ‘healthy’ and virtuous behaviour among fans.
‘You realise it could happen to you’: the benefits to pupils of young mothers delivering school sex education

This paper presents data from a study of four projects in which young mothers deliver school sex education sessions, with the aim of giving pupils ‘informed choices’ regarding their sexual behaviour. Eleven focus group discussions were carried out with pupils, and semi‐structured interviews were carried out with 14 young mothers in order to assess the extent to which the sessions were of value in this way. The findings show that pupils perceived the sessions to be beneficial, not necessarily through providing new information as implied by the notion of ‘informed choice’, but because they fostered a deeper level of understanding and acceptance of the potential consequences of their decisions regarding sex and contraception. The main reason for this outcome, that is pupils' beliefs that they were hearing the whole truth from their peers, is demonstrated and critically explored in relation to the young mothers' own perceptions of the sessions. The implications of the somewhat different understandings of the sessions that emerged for the key notion of ‘informed choice’ are considered.
Some Maximal Inequalities for Fractional Brownian Motion with Polynomial Drift

We obtain some maximal inequalities for a centered fractional Brownian motion B H , H ∈ (1/2, 1). For a fractional Brownian motion B H with H ∈ (1/2, 1) with a polynomial drift g(·), we study the asymptotic behaviour of the tail distribution function as T → ∞ for fixed a and as a → ∞ for fixed T.
Role of diffusion-weighted MRI in diagnosis of acute renal allograft dysfunction: a prospective preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the effects of diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI in the assessment of acute impairment of transplanted kidneys. METHODS From January 2009 to January 2010, 49 patients with stable renal allograft function (Group 1) and 21 patients with acute graft impairment (Group 2) were included in the study. All patients were evaluated with coronal T(2) weighted (T(2)W) and DW MRI of the kidney. Patients in Group 2 underwent graft biopsy to determine the underlying histopathological aetiology. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated and the kidneys were studied for any areas of diffusion restriction. Two radiologists, who were blinded to the results of histopathology, independently interpreted the T(2)W and DW images. RESULTS The histopathological diagnosis of Group 2 (21 patients) was acute cellular rejection (ACR) in 10, acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in 7 and immunosuppressive toxicity in 4 patients. ADC values in Group 1 were significantly higher compared with Group 2 (p<0.001), patients with ACR (p<0.001), patients with ATN (p<0.001) and patients with drug toxicity (p<0.001). Using 2 × 10(-3) mm(2) s(-1) as a cut-off, there was no overlap between the ADC values of patients with normal graft function and those with ATN. Both ACR and ATN had a low ADC value, but on the ADC map the kidney in cases of ATN appears heterogeneous with a characteristic mosaic pattern resembling the Tiger skin. There was no significant T(2)W morphological difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION These results show how DW MRI is a promising new technique for the diagnosis of acute renal transplant dysfunction.
Engineering vibrations

The book contains the basics of structural dynamics, starting from free vibrations to periodic and non-periodic forced vibrations of single and multi-degree of freedom systems up to continuous systems. It is a classical textbook, but with many advantages. The basics of dynamics are presented in a very clear and easily understandable way. Many examples at the end of every chapter make it easy to get through the background of dynamics. Several excellent pictures and sketches relate real vibrating systems to their corresponding dynamic models. Methods for solving dynamic problems are also shown in a very systematic manner, and flow charts support the user. Frequency domain methods are not within the focus of the book, except for one chapter that contains the basics of the Lagrange integral-transformation. This chapter, however, looks a little bit out of place. The book is a very good and easily understandable textbook for diving into the dynamics of structures. It is recommended for both students and practising engineers.
A Study of the Relations of Understanding between Customers and Bank and their Loyalty

The objective of the present research is studying the relations between customer-bank understanding and banking loyalty. The model of this research is formed using the variable of understanding, image, loyalty and satisfaction. The methodology of the research is applied and correlative in terms of objective and method respectively so that the necessary data were collected among 4446 customers of Melli Bank branches of Yazd by employing the tool of questionnaire and survey method. Confirmatory factorial analysis and structural equations modelling techniques using LISREL 8.72 are used to analyze the confirmation of the relations between the variables and factors. In addition, the assumption of the mediatory role of the studying variables is examined using Sobel Test. Research results indicate that customer-bank understanding affects satisfaction and bank image. The relation between satisfaction and banking loyalty is confirmed. According to the research results, bank image affects banking loyalty significantly. Furthermore, customer-bank understanding also affects bank image through bank image.
Journal of Second and Multiple Language Acquisition JSMULA

Don Osborn (2014), claims that the local and global labels used to describe languages in Africa are problematic at best, and ignore the social and cultural ways in which languages go beyond the boundaries of modern day nation-states. In the article, we explore issues of academic ideologies surrounding the use of local and global labels used by researchers and theorists in the sociolinguistics, applied linguistics, educational linguistics, and linguistic anthropology fields to explore the role of language in social groups (eg: Albó, 1999; Baker, 1992; 1997; Gardner, 1985 in McGroarty, 1996; Richards et al 1992). While current literature and ideologies make use of the terms local and global when describing languages around the world, there is a disconnect between researchers on what the two terms mean and on how they are used when describing languages that on the surface appear similar; insofar as far as number of speakers and crossborder usage. In order to show this disconnect, we conducted a critical analysis (Fairclough, 1992) of the literature surrounding the local label (eg: Yaqub Vawda, A., & Anthony Patrinos, H., 1999; Bühmann, D., & Trudell, B., 2008; Ramanathan, V., 2005; Tembe, J., & Norton, B., 2008), using our results to reimagine what the ̳local‘ label could/should become. Be doing so, we envision a way past the local/global dichotomy to understand what truly makes a language ̳global‘ in current times, emphasizing the significance of cosmopolitanism (Hannerz, 1990) and the role it has played in bringing ̳local‘ languages into the ̳global‘ arena.
Blood serum biochemical factors of Baluchi sheep

Baluchi sheep is one common and national livestock breed, which is associated with high resistant against disease, high growth rate and high twinning rate. Evaluation of serum biochemical parameters is an effective solution in the field of protection of animals against diseases, early detection and treatment of diseases and improvement in animal products. Gender and age are main effective factors in normal level of biochemical parameters. For this purpose, blood samples were taken from 60 Baluchi flock who were above one year old (15 male and 15 female) and below one year old (15 male and 15 female). Biochemical parameters were measured with an Auto Analyzer device and the collected data was analyzed using SPSS. The results not only determined normal level, mean and standard deviation of the biochemical parameters, but also showed the significant effect of age on serum levels of total protein, globulin and uric acid. Gender factor also caused significant changes in the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and LDL.
Analysis of Land Use Efficiency among Women Cassava Farmers in South-West Nigeria AJAERD Analysis of Land Use Efficiency among Women Cassava Farmers in South-West Nigeria

The study analyzed the land use efficiency among women cassava farmers in Southwest, Nigeria. The study identified the determinants of access to land and land tenure security status of women cassava farmers and also compared farm level efficiencies of the land secured and non-land secured respondents. The study is carried out in Ogun and Ondo State of Nigeria. Primary data obtained from 300 respondents using multistage sampling procedure is analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Heckman Probit model reveals that farm size (0.000), primary occupation (P=0.002), income (P=0.003), number of dependants (P=0.035), proximity to processing industry (P=0.042) and social group (P=0.068) were positively significant to access to land while cassava output (P=0.000), access to extension (P=0.001), household size (P=0.019) and proximity to market (P=0.059) are negatively significant. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) shows that 12.8% of the land secured farmers are technically efficient with the mean efficiency of 0.55 apiece for Constant Return to Scale Technical Efficiency (CRSTE) and Scale Efficiency. The CRSTE and scale efficiency of non-land secured farmers shows that 3.74% of the respondents are both technically and scale efficient with the mean efficiency of 0.38 and 0.39 respectively. Result of paired t-test reveals that there is significant difference in the level of technical efficiency between land secured and non-land secured women cassava farmers (t=2.29).
High Order Openness

We propose a new measure of high order trade, labeled HOT, based on the fraction of a sector’s downstream uses that cross a border. Because it decomposes gross output, HOT evaluates a sector’s exposure to foreign shocks abstracting altogether from observed direct trade, which we exploit to construct instruments for openness. For the same reason, we can evaluate HOT with precision for activities where measured direct trade is essentially zero, like some services. We compute HOT and its instruments for 50 sectors in 43 countries using recently released data on international input-output linkages. We compare its properties with conventional measures that all rely on observed direct trade. HOT correlates positively with conventional trade measures across countries, much less across sectors as many more are open according to our measure. HOT correlates significantly with sector productivity, growth, and synchronization; none of the conventional measures do. Once instrumented, we show high order openness causes productivity and synchronization, but not growth.
Modified Z-Plasty for Cervical Spine Myelopathy: A Not-So-Obsolete Method of Laminoplasty

Introduction: It is generally accepted that laminoplasty is a safe and reliable surgical treatment for cervical spine myelopathy (CSM) due to spinal canal stenosis. There are multiple techniques of laminoplasty for spinal cord decompression and most of them require expensive instruments to stabilize the laminae. From 2005 to 2015, we applied the modified Z-plasty (Sakou's technique) for CSM patients in an attempt to reduce the cost of treatment. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study. CSM patients treated by modified Z-plasty technique were selected. We applied the Sakou’s technique, according to which the laminae will be opened in different directions alternatively. We use the JOA score and recovery rate of Hirabayashi to assess the neurological recovery and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) for the cervical functional outcome. Results: There were 42 patients with the mean follow-up duration of 10 years (5-15 years), male: female ratio of 3:1 and mean age of 61. The mean operating time and blood loss per lamina were 40 minutes and 45ml, respectively. The canal expanding index was 4.2mm (3-5 mm). The mean pre- and postoperative JOA score were 11.1 and 14.7, respectively (p<0.05). For the axial pain, the mean NDI was 18 point with 88% of cases having as good and very good cervical function. For complications, there were 3 cases of C5 palsy with full recovery after one year. Conclusion: Being considered as an old-fashioned surgery, the modified Z-plasty can still provide good clinical and radiological outcomes to cervical myelopathic patients. The absence of hardware such as titanium plates or hydroxyapatite spacers reduces the risk of infection and the cost of treatment. Considering the risk-benefit and cost-benefit ratio, this operation is suitable for low-income patients in developing countries.
Risk Management Committee Size, Independence, Expertise and Financial Performance of Listed Insurance Firms in Nigeria

Continuous collapse of many organization have increase the demand to have a committee aside the board whose focus is on setting and implementing firm risk policy, appetite and limit. With firm goal on maximizing profit, this study evaluates the effect of risk management committee size, independence, expertise on financial performance of listed insurance companies in Nigeria from 2012 to 2018. The study used a sample size of (24) insurance companies from population of 27 insurance firms. The study used secondary data obtained from annual report of the firms. The dependent variable was measured by return on asset (ROA) The study employed Random Effect regression model and find evidence that risk management committee expertise has negative and significant effect on financial performance while risk management committee size and independence does not influence financial performance. The study concludes that risk management committee constrain on management excess risk undertaking will lead to poor financial performance of insurance firms. The study recommends that the risk management committee should be made effective by inclusion of more members with back ground on finance and actuarial sciences into risk management committee structures.