Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19 in a Mississippi Community Health System

Because of a high mortality rate seen in patients intubated for coronavirus disease 2019–associated respiratory failure, the authors sought to evaluate the mortality rate specific to their institution and compare the characteristics of survivors versus nonsurvivors to attempt to elucidate whether differences existed in each group. They sought to specifically determine whether differences in ventilation strategies and/or timing of intubation affected survival. The results showed a numerical difference in the timing of intubation trending toward improved survival in those intubated sooner versus later in their disease course. Abstract Objective To evaluate differences between survivors versus nonsurvivors undergoing mechanical ventilation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated respiratory failure at two community medical centers. Methods This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort analysis of all adult patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19–associated respiratory failure in two community hospital intensive care units in southern Mississippi from March 15, 2020 through October 10, 2020. Results Among 56 patients requiring mechanical ventilation, the mortality rate was 75% (42/56). Expired patients were intubated later (2 vs 5 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.314–0.8041, P = 0.0983), had lower PaO2:FiO2 ratios (65 vs 77.5 mm Hg, 95% CI 36.08–59.03, P = 0.6305), and tolerated lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (7.9 vs 12.6 cm H2O, 95% CI 0.1373–6.722, P = 0.0415) at the time of intubation. Conclusions Our results suggest that earlier intubation may be associated with reduced mortality in patients with COVID-19-associated respiratory failure and should be further evaluated in the form of a randomized controlled trial.
Using the visual intervention influence of pavement markings for rutting mitigation–part I: preliminary experiments and field tests

ABSTRACT The wheel tracks on highways are excessively concentrated and lead to rutting on asphalt pavements, which reduces the service life of highway pavements. A new method is proposed, which uses the visual intervention of pavement markings to redistribute the wheel track and adopts a three-stage process to relieve the stress caused by axial load concentration. This method is more suitable for existing highway pavements because the cost is considerably less than that of repaving. We first conducted preliminary experiments to determine the optimum design of pavement marking, and the driving safety was found to be at an acceptable level based on the steering behaviour and vehicle acceleration analysis. Second, field tests of the method on an operational highway are carried out, and the transverse offset of the wheel track is analysed using the video analysis technique. Based on the field test results, the visual intervention is proven to shift the wheel track concentration area effectively to relieve the rutting problem, without compromising driving safety. Hence, the proposed transverse visual intervention method has the potential to prolong the asphalt pavement service life by 16–31%, which has been demonstrated in a companion (Part II) paper based on a finite element simulation.
Chlamydiosis in birds in Great Britain in birds and

SUMMARY A total of G593 serum samples from birds, received for diagnostic testing or surveys between 1974 and 1983, were titrated by direct complement fixation (CF) test against Chlamydia psittaci antigen. The percentage of positive reactions found was variable for domestic poultry, ranging from 1-5 in chickens to 22-2 in geese, and was highest in pigeons Columba livia (47-3) and collared doves Streptopelia decaocto (51*4). A moderate incidence was found for game birds (290), wild ducks (23*3) and imported birds of the order Psittaciformes (15*9). The highest titres were found in pigeons, collared doves and psittacines, confirming that infection is both frequent and active in these birds in Britain. Results of isolation of chlamydia from similar sources will be reported subsequently. paper summarizes testing for chlamydia by the as during the 10 from 1974 These samples were or they were In presenting the results, no have basis the purpose of the The species included ducks, pigeons and
Synchronicity and Fragility ∗

We show that the correlation across financial institutions is a major force that increases their overall fragility. Our model features a financial system with financial institutions individually prone to runs and interconnected through fire sales. Strategic complementarities within and across financial institutions amplify each other, and this causes the correlation in their risks to be a key factor driving the fragility of each individual financial institution and the system as a whole. We provide new policy prescriptions to alleviate financial fragility that act through the reduction in synchronicity across financial institutions. They include reducing asset commonality and improving bank-specific disclosure. We show that secondary market liquidity injections, frequently used in recent years, have a significant stabilizing effect through synchronicity reduction on top of their direct effect.
Evaluation of five trap designs for removal of invasive red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852) in Southern Michigan: catch per unit effort, body size, and sex biases

Trapping and removing invasive crayfish is one of the most common forms of control, however gear-specific biases can limit effectiveness of such methods. We evaluated five trapping gears (Gee’s minnow traps [GMT], pyramid traps [PYR], artificial refuge traps [ART], additional partition refuge traps [APART], and juvenile traps [JUV]) for their effectiveness in a Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852 (red swamp crayfish) removal effort among four Southern Michigan ponds between May and October 2019. Our objectives were 1) determine which gear(s) produce the highest catch per unit effort (CPUE); 2) assess gears for body size and sex biases; 3) ascertain the degree of seasonality in gear-specific catches and biases. We found that baited GMT and PYR traps substantially outperformed the ART, APART, and JUV traps with respect to CPUE. However, catches of refuge-style traps trended positively over the season. Body size biases were prevalent, with GMT and PYR traps consistently recording individuals > 30 mm carapace length. The ART and APART traps caught relatively smaller individuals but trended towards capturing larger individuals later in the season. We observed no sex biases or biases between Form 1 and Form 2 males among the gears. Our findings support employing multiple gears for crayfish removals but demonstrated that baited traps can remove more crayfish than unbaited traps (on a CPUE basis) and both can capture body size trends by accounting for the timing of capture. Further, the lack of sex bias suggests any of these commonly used traps can be used to broadly sample females or male reproductive forms. Based on our results and recommendations, the Michigan adaptive response strategy has adopted a combination GMT-APART strategy to maximize CPUE while also targeting a wide range of crayfish sizes.
How Reel Middle Easterners’ Portrayals Cultivate Stereotypical Beliefs and Policy Support

ABSTRACT There is limited empirical research examining cultivation theory’s proposition that first-order estimates influence second-order attitudes. In two studies, we examine how Middle Easterners are portrayed on entertainment television and how these portrayals cultivate stereotypical beliefs and policy support. A content analysis in Study 1 finds that nearly half of Middle Eastern characters on entertainment television are portrayed as supporting terrorism. A survey in Study 2 finds that watching television programs averaging two or more Middle Eastern terrorist characters per episode is associated with individuals’ estimations that a higher percentage of Middle Easterners are associated with terrorism in the real world. This first-order cultivation effect was found to be a mediating mechanism between entertainment media exposure and support for restrictive immigration and naturalization policies. We discuss the importance of examining entertainment television representations of racial/ethnic minorities and their implications for attitudes and policy support relevant to the depicted groups.
PENGARUH MEKANISME GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (GCG) DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KUALITAS PENGUNGKAPAN SUSTAINABILITY REPORT PADA PERUSAHAAN TERDAFTAR DI BEI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh mekanisme Good Corporate Governance (GCG) dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kualitas pengungkapan sistainability report. Variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report yang diproksikan dengan Sustainability Reporting Index (SRI), sedangkan variabel independennya adalah ukuran dewan komisaris, proporsi komisaris independen, ukuran komite audit, kepemilikan saham institusional, kepemilikan saham terkonsentrasi dan ukuran perusahaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2010-2015. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dan diperoleh sebanyak 32 sampel amatan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel proporsi komisaris independen dan kepemilikan saham institusional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report, sedangkan variabel ukuran dewan komisaris, ukuran komite audit, kepemilikan saham terkonsentrasi dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report. Kata Kunci: Sustainability Report, Ukuran Dewan Komisaris, Proporsi Komisaris Independen, Ukuran Komite Audit, Kepemilikan Saham Institusional, Kepemilikan Saham Terkonsentrasi, Ukuran Perusahaan
Exposure of Mice to Thirdhand Smoke Modulates In Vitro and In Vivo Platelet Responses

Smoking is a risk factor for a variety of deleterious conditions, such as cancer, respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease. Thrombosis is an important and common aspect of several cardiovascular disease states, whose risk is known to be increased by both first- and secondhand smoke. More recently, the residual cigarette smoke that persists after someone has smoked (referred to as thirdhand smoke or THS) has been gaining more attention, since it has been shown that it also negatively affects health. Indeed, we have previously shown that 6-month exposure to THS increases the risk of thrombogenesis. However, neither the time-dependence of THS-induced thrombus formation, nor its sex dependence have been investigated. Thus, in the present study, we investigated these issues in the context of a shorter exposure to THS, specifically 3 months, in male and female mice. We show that the platelets from 3-month THS-exposed mice exhibited enhanced activation by agonists. Moreover, we also show that mice of both sexes exposed to THS have decreased tail bleeding as well as decreased thrombus occlusion time. In terms of the role of sex, intersex disparities in thrombus development and hemostasis as well as in platelet aggregation were, interestingly, observed. Together, our findings show that exposing mice to THS for 3 months is sufficient to predispose them to thrombosis; which seems to be driven, at least in part, by an increased activity in platelets, and that it does not manifest equally in both sexes.
An examination of online ratings on hotel performance indicators: An analysis of the Boston hotel market

This research study is designed to examine the impact that a posted online review rating has on the financial performance of a hotel room in the lodging industry. The popularity ratings of hotels in the Boston, Massachusetts market, as posted on the popular online travel review website TripAdvisor, will be examined against the hotel performance metrics of average daily rate (ADR), occupancy, and Revenue per Available Room (RevPar). This study examines the literature to better understand the previous research behind the impact that word-of-mouth communication, both in traditional and electronic forms, has on customer satisfaction. The emergence of social technologies has created an environment in which businesses can be rated and reviewed in an open market for potential future customers to read, and the development of user-generated content has become a more trusted and credible source of product and service information. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of these online ratings on hotel performance, specifically that of TripAdvisor rating attributes on the financial performance of a hotel. The study found that the various attributes had varying levels of significant impact on Average Daily Rate (ADR), Occupancy, and Revenue per Available Room (RevPar). Based on the natures of the lodging properties in Boston, Value was found to be statistically significant across all categories analyzed. Ultimately, the contribution of this research is both academic and practical, as this study will be among the first to examine and test the various TripAdvisor rating attributes on each hotel financial performance metric. In addition, this study will expand upon the current body of knowledge in the areas of user-generated content, online reviews, ratings of TripAdvisor, and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM).
Study on the Water Quality Characteristics of the Baoan Lake Basin in China under Different Land Use and Landscape Pattern Distributions

Land use and landscape pattern highly affect water quality. Their relationship can assist in land-use management and improve land-use efficiency. In this study, a water quality survey of rivers and lakes was performed in 2020 to analyze the effects of land use and the landscape pattern on the water quality of the rivers and lakes in the Baoan Lake basin and is expected to provide a reference for land use planning. The results demonstrated that the effects of land use on water quality were generally higher during the dry season than during the wet season; however, the opposite was demonstrated for the landscape pattern index. Cropland and urban land were closely correlated with deteriorating water quality, with contributions to total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and ammonia nitrogen in the basin. The impact of the landscape pattern of the basin on water quality was controlled by the original land-use type. In addition, the landscape configuration formed different land-use types to produce different effects on water quality. The basin scale better explained the changes in water quality, especially for construction land, followed by the 250 m and 500 m scales in the buffer zone.
Lessons From a Museum's Cabinet: DNA Barcoding and Collections-Based Life Stage Associations Reveals a Hidden Diversity in the Puerto Rican Bank Paedomorphic Lycidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Leptolycini)

The Leptolycini are a group of Lycidae endemic to the West Indies. Leptolycini adult females have been hypothesized to be extreme paedomorphic (i.e., larviform), however, females and larvae of the group are currently unknown. Here we provide the first association of adult male and immature life stages from the Puerto Rico using DNA barcoding, also collections-based associations and descriptions of immature Leptolycini and the first description of a paedomorphic female from the Virgin Islands. To carry out these life-stage associations we prepared an in-depth review of the Leptolycini fauna of the Puerto Rican bank (Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands). Several new taxa and taxonomic arrangements are proposed: Cessator crypticusnew species, Cessator tortolensisnew species, Cessator obrienorumnew species; Dracolycus chupacabranew genus and species, Dracolycus marshallinew species; Leptolycus falsoheterocornisnew species, and Leptolycus viensisnew species. Nanolycus gnomus Kazantsev is moved to Cessator gnomus (Kazantsev) new combination, rendering Nanolycus Kazantsev a new junior synonym of Cessator Kazantsev. The subgenus Baholycus Bocak is a new junior synonym of Leptolycus Leng and Mutchler. Leptolycus heterocornis var. flavicollis Leng and Mutchler is elevated to Leptolycus flavicollis Leng and Mutchler new status; Leptolycus (Leptolycus) albicauda Kazantsev is a new junior synonym of Leptolycus flavicollis Leng and Mutchler. An updated key to the adults and immature forms of Leptolycini from the Puerto Rican bank and a discussion on the importance of scientific collections in biodiversity studies is also provided.
Examination of Differences in Using Marketing Tools in the Management of SMEs in the Visegrġd Group Countries

The main aim of the study is to examine the differences in the use of the marketing tools in the management of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Visegrád Group (V4) countries. The research was carried out via questionnaires, which were distributed to small and medium-sized firms in 2020. We obtained 1585 observations, which comprised the answers of business owners and managers. Binary logistic regression was used to process the data. Currently, firms rarely use the classic tools of the marketing mix. These tools are used to a minimal extent in construction and services. Proactive tools of the marketing mix are mostly used in transportation and retailing, and the least in manufacturing, construction, tourism, and other areas of business. Online marketing tools are mostly used in retailing, tourism, and services, and are less used in agriculture, construction, and transportation. The analysis results confirmed the differences in using the marketing mix tools depending on the age of the firm, the age of managers vs. entrepreneurs, and gender. The study results provide valuable information for creators of marketing conceptions, and for creators of regional and national development strategies. Similarly, these results encourage the creation of new marketing concepts and methodologies to evaluate their economic effects on firms and society.
Correlation Analysis of Vaspin Gene Polymorphisms and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Intelligent Medicine

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is now a common gynecological endocrine disease, also known as Stein–Leventhal syndrome. Studies have found that Vaspin gene polymorphism is significantly associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and PCOS has a clear glucose metabolism abnormality. So far, because the cause of PCOS is not clear, many problems such as the etiology, diagnostic criteria, prevention, and treatment of PCOS remain unsolved. Which also makes PCOS attract the attention of academic circles. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the pathogenesis of PCOS, in order to explore the clinical correlation between the polymorphism of the Vaspin gene and polycystic ovary syndrome. This article introduces the correlation analysis study of Vaspin gene polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome based on intelligent medicine. This article first selected 40 patients with PCOS as the experimental group and then selected 40 patients without PCOS as the control group. Secondly, through the detection methods of hs-CRP level detection and oil red O fat staining and passed two sets of control experiments. Finally, intelligent medical data analysis was used to analyze the location of the Vaspin gene in the experimental group and the control group. The final result showed that the correlation reached 75%.
Gestational Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Mitochondrial Impairment in the Geniohyoid Muscle of Offspring Rats

Introduction Gestational intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea during gestation, alters respiratory neural control and diaphragm muscle contractile function in the offspring. The geniohyoid (GH) muscle is innervated by the respiratory-related hypoglossal nerve and plays a role in tongue traction and suckling, motor behaviors that then give way to chewing. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of gestational exposure to IH on the muscle development and metabolism of GH and masseter muscles in male offspring rats. Materials and methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to IH (3-min periods of 4-21% O2) for eight hours/day during gestational days 7-20. The GH and masseter muscles from 35-day-old male offspring (n = 6 in each group) were analyzed. Results Gestational IH induction reduced type IIA fiber size in the GH muscle of the offspring but not in the masseter muscle. Western blot analysis showed that gestational IH-induced significant downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein in the GH muscle but not in the masseter muscle. Moreover, optic atrophy 1 and mitofusin-2 proteins were decreased and mitochondrial fission 1 protein levels were increased in the GH muscle of the offspring exposed to gestational IH. Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase subunit alpha and transcriptional factor A (TFAM) were decreased in the GH muscle post-gestational IH. Conclusion These findings suggest that gestational IH-induced impaired mitochondrial metabolism and alteration of oxidative myofibers of the GH muscle in the pre-adolescent offspring, but not the masseter muscle, owing to the susceptibility of GH muscular mitochondria to gestational IH.
Regulatory interaction of BcWRKY33A and BcHSFA4A promotes salt tolerance in non-heading Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris (syn. Brassica rapa) ssp. chinensis]

Abstract Salinity is a universal environmental stress that causes yield reduction in plants. WRKY33, which has been extensively studied in plant defense against necrotrophic pathogens, has recently been found to be important in salt-responsive pathways. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms controlling the involvement of WRKY33 in salt tolerance have not been fully characterized. Here, we explored the function of BcWRKY33A in non-heading Chinese cabbage (NHCC). Under salt stress, BcWRKY33A expression is significantly induced in roots. As a nuclear protein, BcWRKY33A has strong transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of BcWRKY33A confers salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, whereas silencing of BcWRKY33A causes salt sensitivity in NHCC. Furthermore, BcHSFA4A, a protein that interacts with BcWRKY33A, could directly bind to the HSE motif within the promoters of BcZAT12 and BcHSP17.6A, which are involved in the plant response to salt stress. Finally, we found that BcWRKY33A could enhance the transcriptional activity of BcHSFA4A and affect its downstream genes (e.g. BcZAT12 and BcHSP17.6A), and co-overexpression of BcWRKY33A and BcHSFA4A could promote the expression of salt-related genes, suggesting that the regulatory interaction between BcWRKY33A and BcHSFA4A improves salt tolerance in plants. Overall, our results provide insight into the molecular framework of the BcWRKY33A-BcHSFA4A signaling pathway, which also aids in our understanding of the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in plants.