Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact dual‐band bandpass filter based on stepped impedance resonators and T‐shaped line

A compact dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) realized with stepped impedance resonators (SIR) and T‐shaped line is proposed in this article. By appropriately selecting the impedance ratio of the SIR, a passband around at 5.4 GHz can be achieved by the second harmonic frequency of the SIR. In addition, a T‐shaped line is used to replace the quarter‐wavelength line between the two SIRs, and another passband at 2.45 GHz is realized between the transmission zeros created by the central open stub of the T‐shaped line and the fundamental frequency of the SIR. Moreover, the transmission zeros created by the central open stub and SIR could also be used to improve the skirt selectivity of the proposed BPF. Good agreement can be observed between the measured and simulated results, demonstrating the validity of the design strategies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2721–2724, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25599
Determinants of airport train operational performance

This study aims to analyze the improvement of the operational performance of Indonesia’s Soekarno-Hatta Airport train through service quality which is mediated by train passenger loyalty and passenger satisfaction. The main problems in this study are the use of the same railway for long-distance train, airport train, and commuter Line train, the limited use of airport railway with four schedules, the headway which becomes 30 minutes since the number of travels becomes 82 trips, and the tariff being applied now is considered as burdening the passengers. The research method uses a quantitative analysis approach with the technique of Structural Equation Modeling-Lisrel. Data collection is done through observation and questionnaire distribution. The respondents are 306 passengers of trains heading for Soekarno-Hatta Airport. The benefit of this study for the domestic railway company is that by improving service quality, passenger loyalty and satisfaction, it will improve the operational performance of airport trains. The result of this research indicates the significant influence of service quality variable on passenger loyalty through passenger satisfaction, the significant influence of service quality variable on operational performance through passenger satisfaction and passenger loyalty as well as the significant influence of passenger satisfaction variable on operational performance through passenger loyalty.
Biodiesel Production from Ricinus Communis Oil and Its Blends with Soybean Biodiesel

In this study, local vegetable oil named as Ricinus Communis (RC) is used as the raw material for the production of biodiesel. In order to obtain RC oil, Soxhalet Extraction apparatus was used. This paper deals with the transesterification of Ricinus Communis oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. Moreover, this study analysis the fuel properties of RC biodiesel and soybean biodiesel blends. Various properties of the RC biodiesel, Soybean biodiesel and their blends such as the cold filter plugging point (CFPP), cetane number, flash point, kinematic viscosity and density were determined. Test results were compared well with European biodiesel standards EN 14214. Analysis showed that the cetane number and the cold flow behavior of the RC biodiesel and soybean biodiesel blends were improved due to the high cetane number (80) and the low cold filter plugging point (-35 oC) of RC biodiesel.
Prognostic Value of Long Noncoding RNA DLEU2 and Its Relationship with Immune Infiltration in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background DLEU2 is a long noncoding RNA considered important in the progression of many cancers. However, correlations between DLEU2 and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) have rarely been reported. Methods We first analysed the expression of DLEU2 across cancers and the correlation between DLEU2 and the clinical features of KIRC and LIHC by using the “ggplot2” package in R and searched the Oncomine database and Timer website platform. We verified the expression of DLEU2 in the GEO dataset (GSE105261 and GSE45267). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn using the “pROC” and “ggplot2” packages in R, and we constructed a DLEU2-based prognostic nomogram for KIRC and LIHC by using the “survival” and “rms” packages in R. Then, we analysed the correlation between DLEU2 expression and prognosis in R as well as the correlation between DLEU2 and immune cell infiltration in the TIMER database. Finally, we explored the causes of DLEU2 upregulation in the UCSC Xena and UALCAN databases. Results We found that DLEU2 was upregulated in many cancers, including KIRC and LIHC. Expression of DLEU2 is associated with tumour stage, grade, lymphatic metastasis, and distant metastasis in KIRC as well as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), tumour stage, grade, lymphatic metastasis, and distant metastasis in LIHC. DLEU2 is an adverse factor for the prognosis of KIRC and LIHC. In addition, DLEU2 has moderate accuracy in diagnosing KIRC and LIHC and predicting their prognosis. Moreover, we found that expression of DLEU2 correlated positively with immune cell infiltration in KIRC and LIHC, and upregulation of DLEU2 in KIRC and LIHC suggests a poor prognosis based on immune cells analysis. Genetic and epigenetic analyses of DLEU2 indicate that copy number variations (CNVs) and methylation contribute to the upregulation of DLEU2. Conclusion The long noncoding RNA DLEU2 has the potential to predict the prognosis and immune infiltration of KIRC and LIHC.
Movement Time to an Array of Controls

Two tasks in which subjects aim at an array of devices were considered: moving to one knob within an array and moving the finger on a numeric keypad. It was shown by a mathematical model based on Fitts' law, that when the array density is specified for the array of knobs or keys, there is an optimum control size for minimum movement time. The theoretical result was obtained by considering a two-element model of the movement, the first being a reach to the general location of the control and the second describing the insertion of the fingers into the space between adjacent controls. As the first element has a movement time that decreases with increase of control size and the second a time increasing with control size, there is an optimum control size where the movement time is a minimum.
Unified channel model for mobile radio systems with smart antennas

The definition of flat fading and frequency-selective fading channels is extended to low-rank and high-rank channels to include the angular domain. By physical reasoning a generic channel model is introduced incorporating directions of arrival and a set of parameters is given for its configuration. The time evolution of the scattering processes and directions of arrival is taken into account. Analytical expressions are derived for space-correlation coefficients and frequency-correlation coefficients. Spatial correlation decreases with increasing angular spread and decreasing angle of incidence, measured from array broadside.
High Pressure Compressor Stabilization by Controlled Pulsed Injection

Steady tip injection with re-circulated air as a reliable method for high pressure compressor stabilization has the disadvantage to reduce the efficiency due to the usage of already compressed air. Therefore, the minimization of recirculation air and/or a large extension of the stable operation range is mandatory. The paper describes an alternative approach by using an active compressor stability control system with modulating valves. The system was tested at a high pressure compressor. It recognized evolving stall cells reliable. The achieved available stable throttling range of the compressor (in terms of mass flow) was more than doubled by active controlled injection compared to steady tip injection at 90% aerodynamic speed. The other way round, depending on the tip flow structure and the aerodynamic speed injection mass flow saving up to 50% at a similar surge margin compared to steady injection was achieved.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Corporate governance and firm-level jump and volatility risks

ABSTRACT Corporate governance plays a significant role in monitoring managerial behaviour, and thus in reducing firm-level risks and increasing firm value. Using a global unbalanced panel of 6,241 firm-year observations over the period of 1996–2016, we investigate the impact of internal and external governance attributes on firm risk. We address the endogeneity problem inherent in governance studies using option-based risk measures for jump and volatility risks. We use a multiple theoretical perspective to explain the relationship between governance mechanisms and firm risk. Our results indicate that board structure and entrenchment factors have a differential impact on firms’ jump and volatility risks. Our evidence reveals that firms with higher entrenchment provisions tend to increase volatility risk and that a higher proportion of outside directors increases firms’ volatility risk. Board size and CEO salary reduce volatility risk yet increase jump risk. We also find that the proportion of outside directors is negatively associated with firms’ jump risk. Overall, our results reveal interesting evidence and provide implications for future governance studies.
Broadband optical monitoring for the deposition of complex coating designs

Since first publications on optical broadband monitoring 25 years ago, the technological progress in computational speed and hardware made it possible to expand this basic approach to a versatile tool for thin film thickness control. During the last few years, essential progress could be achieved for optical monitoring systems operating in the visible and near infrared spectral range. In conjunction with powerful computer algorithms these systems allow a precise determination of the thickness of a growing layer during deposition and the reliable production of very complex nonquarterwave interference filters. It was shown earlier that the application of such a monitoring system in an IBS-(ion beam sputtering)-process enables a fully automated rapid prototyping of optical coatings with very complicated designs. Using the ion beam sputter process with its immanent reproducibility of the optical coating properties, even the precise control of layers with a thickness of around a few nanometers is possible. Offering the capability of producing designs containing such delicate thin layers, this process concept opens new prospects for a new class of thin film systems. Recently, the high potentiality of this monitoring concept in applications to ion-assisted coating processes (IAD) could be demonstrated. This paper is concentrated on an examination of error sources, which brought a further improvement in reliability of the monitoring system.
Mechanical properties of 5-year-old concrete prepared with recycled aggregates obtained from three different sources

The current paper presents the findings of a long-term study on the mechanical properties of concrete prepared with recycled aggregate obtained from three different sources. The concrete mixtures were prepared with a cement content of 355 kg/m3 and water-to-cement (w/c) ratio of 0·55. The recycled aggregate was used as 0, 20, 50 and 100% replacements of natural aggregate. It was found that after 5 years of curing, the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of the concrete made with recycled aggregates decreased with an increase in recycled aggregate content. Starting from the curing age of 1 year, however, the splitting tensile strengths of the concrete prepared with 100% recycled aggregate were higher than that of the natural aggregate concrete. The gain in strength and elastic modulus over time of the concrete prepared with recycled aggregates derived from pure crushed concrete was higher than the corresponding natural aggregate and recycled aggregates derived from other construction and demolit.
Impact of Interrupting Simulated Hydraulic Excavator Training with Simulated Loader Training

A skilled operator of construction equipment needs to become proficient in the use and control of various classes or types of machines. It is thus important to establish effective training methods across these machine types and to determine the extent to which skills operating one machine transfer to another. An issue of concern is whether learning to operate a single piece of equipment is best if all practice is on that equipment, or whether intermixed training on a related piece of equipment can be of value (or possibly a hindrance). In the present study, naïve participants practiced performing a controls familiarization task on a simulated hydraulic excavator in an initial session. In a second session, one-third of the participants were trained on a simulated loader, another third continued practicing on the simulated excavator, and the final third engaged in an unrelated reading task. For a final session, all participants again performed the controls familiarization task on the excavator. Execution time, number of control errors, and ratings of mental workload decreased with practice. The intervening reading task led to more control errors in the third session, but training on the loader had no effect on any performance measure. Learning to operate a loader apparently does not interfere with learning to operate an excavator.
Dynamics and scales of transmission losses in dryland river systems: a meta-analysis

ABSTRACT In this paper, 245 studies were reviewed to understand approaches used for estimating river channel transmission losses. Findings indicate that regression equations, differential equations, flow routing, experimental approaches and water balances are most widely used. Geographic Information Systems are becoming a convenient framework to display model results showing spatial variability of losses. In the United States, regression equations and experimental approaches involving controlled releases are widely used to assess transmission losses whereas in the dryland regions of Australia, water balance and flow routing approaches are popular. In Africa and Asia, regression equations and water balances are common approaches to estimate transmission losses. By using regression equations on data pooled from studies done in different dryland regions of the world, statistically significant (p<0.05) relationships were observed between transmission loss volume and, reach length, inflow, flow contributing area and runoff coefficient. Overall, the review underscores the importance of channel and catchment characteristics in shaping the dynamics of transmission losses. Two main limitations of the current approaches are that they are site-specific and require high amounts of data not always available in dryland regions due to sparse network of monitoring stations. The review also highlights existing knowledge gaps and future research needs.
Out-of-round railway wheels—a study of wheel polygonalization through simulation of three-dimensional wheel–rail interaction and wear

The objective of this study is to develop a tool for investigation of wheel tread polygonalization with radial irregularities including 1 to 20 wavelengths around the circumference of the wheel. Therefore, an existing multibody system model for simulation of general three-dimensional train–track interaction (accounting for frequencies up to several kHz) is extended with rolling contact mechanics according to FASTSIM. Furthermore, the model is also modified to allow for general wheel–rail profiles. The numerical model uses the concept of an iteration scheme including simulation of dynamic train–track interaction in the time domain coupled with a long-term wear model. A demonstration example including a bogie of a subway train travelling on a straight track is presented. In the example, an initial wheel out-of-roundness (OOR) is applied to the wheels. This irregularity is based on an amplitude spectrum derived from measurements on new wheels. Simulation results show that the most important wavelength-fixing mechanisms of the wheel OOR are (i) the vertical resonance of the coupled train–track system at approximately 40 Hz (the P2 resonance) and (ii) the frequency region including the lowest vertical track antiresonance at 165 Hz, where the dynamic track stiffness is high. Only a straight track is studied, but the model allows for asymmetric train motion on such a track.
Do remittances impact on entrepreneurial activities? Evidence from a panel data analysis

Although remittances contribute towards improving the livelihoods of the recipients through income and consumption smoothing, evidence pointing to how they impact on entrepreneurial activities at cross country level has remained scanty. In this paper, we use dynamic panel procedures on data from 63 countries for the years 1981–2011, to examine the impact of remittances on entrepreneurial activities. Our main results indicate that remittances positively influence entrepreneurial activity, but this effect is more pronounced in low-income countries. From a policy perspective, our results suggest that a sustainable contribution of remittances to entrepreneurial activity especially in developing countries requires an unconstrained flow of remittances, and this can be ensured through building strong bilateral relationships and reducing bureaucratic procedures related to migration.
DENSITY-INDEPENDENT MOISTURE DETERMINATION IN WHEAT BY MICROWAVE MEASUREMENT

ABSTRACT Moisture content of soft red winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. , has been expressed as a function of microwave attenuation and phase shift, measured at 9.0 GHz, independent of bulk density. The grain was held in 10.2>cm (4-in.) ID plastic tubing between two horn antennas of the measurement system. The calibration equation was veriHed with wheat of different variety and origin from the next year's crop. The average bias for the moisture content range from 10.7 to 20.4% was <0.10% and the standard error of performance was 0.26% moisture content
Interactive 3D Pattern Design Using Real-time Pattern Deformation and Relative Human Body Coordinate System

Garment design needs an iterative manipulation of 2D patterns to generate a final sloper. Traditionally there have been two kinds of design methodologies such as the flat pattern method and the pattern draping method. But today, it is possible to combine the advantages from the two methods due to the realistic cloth simulation techniques. We devised a new garment design system which starts from 3D initial drape simulation result and then modifies the garment by editing the 2D flat patterns synchronously. With this interactive methodology using real-time pattern deformation technique, the designer can freely change a pattern shape by watching its 3D outlook in real-time. Also the final garment data were given relative coordinates with respect to the human anthropometric feature points detected by an automatic body feature detection algorithm. Using the relative human body coordinate system, the final garments can be re-used to an arbitrary body data without repositioning in the drape simulation. A female shirt was used for an example and a 3D body scan data was used for an illustration of the feature point detection algorithm.
Compact band‐notched ultra‐wideband printed antenna using inverted L‐slit

A compact and simple design of a printed antenna for ultra‐wideband (UWB) application with band‐notch characteristics are presented.The antenna size is 30 × 36 × 0.4 mm3 and operates over an extremely wide band of 2.82–13.95 GHz. The desired band‐notched UWB operation can be obtained by choosing the size of the inverted L‐slit. The proposed design consists of an inverted L‐slit as the radiator and a coplanar ground plane. The proposed antenna has advantages of low cost, compact size, thin substrate, and easy design. The measured impedance bandwidth defined by VSWR ≤ 2 of 11.13 GHz (2.82–13.95 GHz), with the band‐notched of 4.85–6.04 GHz, is obtained. Moreover, omnidirectional radiation patterns with appreciable gain across the operating band can be obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:143–144, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26479
A Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Novel Agents in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma

Simple Summary New treatments in multiple myeloma are embraced by patients and physicians but are also associated with substantial higher costs. To ensure the affordability and accessibility of health care, an evaluation of the outcomes in relation to the costs is increasingly requested. However, an up-to-date summary and assessment of the cost-effectiveness evidence for multiple myeloma treatments is currently lacking. We identified the cost-effectiveness studies currently available and show that novel treatments could improve survival with almost 4 years compared to standard of care. However, additional costs compared to standard of care could increase up to USD 535,530 per patient. The ratio between outcomes and costs is above currently accepted willingness to pay thresholds. Our results show cost-effectiveness ratios should be either improved or less favorable ratios should be accepted to ensure accessibility to promising treatments. Abstract Background: Novel therapies for multiple myeloma (MM) promise to improve outcomes but are also associated with substantial increasing costs. Evidence regarding cost-effectiveness of novel treatments is necessary, but a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the cost-effectiveness evidence of novel treatments is currently lacking. Methods: We searched Embase, Medline via Ovid, Web of Science and EconLIT ProQuest to identify all cost-effectiveness evaluations of novel pharmacological treatment of MM reporting cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and cost per life year (LY) gained since 2005. Quality and completeness of reporting was assessed using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards. Results: We identified 13 economic evaluations, comprising 32 comparisons. Our results show that novel agents generate additional LYs (range: 0.311–3.85) and QALYs (range: 0.1–2.85) compared to backbone regimens and 0.02 to 1.10 LYs and 0.01 to 0.91 QALYs for comparisons between regimens containing two novel agents. Lifetime healthcare costs ranged from USD 60,413 to 1,434,937 per patient. The cost-effectiveness ratios per QALY gained ranged from dominating to USD 1,369,062 for novel agents compared with backbone therapies and from dominating to USD 618,018 for comparisons between novel agents. Conclusions: Cost-effectiveness ratios of novel agents were generally above current willingness-to-pay thresholds. To ensure access, cost-effectiveness should be improved or cost-effectiveness ratios above current thresholds should be accepted.