Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on the Anticancer Activity of Prodigiosin from Variants of Serratia Marcescens QBN VTCC 910026

Prodigiosin (Pg), a secondary metabolism produced by numerous bacterial species, is known as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, immunosuppressant, antioxidant, antimalarial properties. Pg has been tested for antitumor activity in many different cancer cell lines but studies in LU-1, KB cell lines, and tumor-bearing mice are still limited. In this study, Serratia marcescens QBN VTCC 910026 strain (GenBank: KX674054.1) was mutated using Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) to increase the production of Pg. One strain known as EMS 5 was capable of increasing prodigiosin biosynthetic yield by 52% when compared to the wild-type strain. Red bacterial pigmented colonies containing Pg were collected from solid media, lysed with acetone, purified with toluene: ethyl acetate at a ratio of 9: 1 (v/v), and then used to evaluate the potential anticancer activity. The purity of Pg was confirmed using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method which indicated a 98% rate. Pg chemical formula which was determined using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, confirmed as prodigiosin (Pg). Human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, oropharyngeal cancer KB, and particularly lung cancer LU-1 in vitro were used to test the anticancer activity of purified Pg compound. It showed a strong inhibitory ability in all the cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the isolated Pg had capable of inhibiting tumor growth, the tumor volume decreased by 36.82%, after 28 days. The results indicated that the bacterial prodigiosin from variants Serratia marcescens QBN VTCC 910026 strain is an encouraging fragment suitable for therapeutic applications.
Periodontal--Restorative Approach for Treating Non-Carious Cervical Lesions With Multiple Gingival Recessions: A Case Report

Background: Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are commonly associated with multiple gingival recessions. These cases cause aesthetic issues, dentin hypersensitivity and increased plaque accumulation. Therefore, they require multidisciplinary treatments. Zucchelli proposed the combined periodontal–restorative approach using envelope coronally advanced flap (CAF) in managing multiple gingival recessions with NCCLs. Objective: This case report highlights the effectiveness of Zucchelli’s modified envelope CAF in combination with a restorative approach for the treatment of multiple Miller class- III gingival recessions with type-3 NCCLs. Case Report: Zucchelli’s approach was used to determine maximum root coverage (MRC). Restorative treatments in covering the NCCLs were limited to 1 mm apical to the calculated MRC. Modified envelope CAF was performed with full and partial thickness flap. After root exposure, root planning was done and restorative finishing was performed to acquire the ideal restorative finish line without marginal overhanging. Root surfaces were conditioned for 2 min. Adjacent interdental papillae were deepithelialized, and the flap was repositioned and secured using sling sutures to establish a tight seal, allowing the clot between the root concavity and the flap to mature. Periodontal dressing was applied. Results: After 12 days, healing was uneventful with good aesthetic and functional results. Complete root coverage according to MRC predictions was obtained, and periodontal health was normal. Conclusion: Zucchelli’s modified envelope CAF with restorative approach shows good outcomes in treating multiple gingival recessions with NCCLs, given the correct determination of MRC. Keywords: gingival recession, periodontal plastic surgery, root coverage
Site of Proliferation for Long-Lived NK Cells The Bone Marrow Functions as the Central

NK cells play an important role in the early defense against invading pathogens. Although it is well established that infection leads to a substantial, local increase in NK cell numbers, little is known about the mechanisms that trigger their proliferation and migration. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of NK cell responses after intranasal respiratory virus infection. We show that NK cell numbers increased in the airways after inﬂuenza virus infection but ﬁnd no evidence of proliferation either at the site of infection or in the draining lymph nodes. Instead, we ﬁnd that the bone marrow (BM) is the primary site of proliferation of both immature and mature NK cells during infection. Using an adoptive transfer model, we demonstrate that peripheral, long-lived and phenotypically mature NK cells migrate back to the BM and proliferate there, both homeostatically and in response to infection. Thus, the BM is not only a site of NK cell development but also an important site for proliferation of long-lived mature NK cells. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 189: 2333–2337. ratio activating
Diagnostic Accuracy of Salivary Biomarkers including Lactate Dehydrogenase and Hemoglobin A1c for Screening Chronic Periodontitis

Aims: Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections in humans involving the tooth-supporting tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare salivary biomarkers, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), between patients with severe chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals. Methods: This study was performed on 29 patients with severe chronic periodontitis and 30 healthy individuals at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran, in 2021. Salivary samples were taken, and clinical parameters, including the clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD), were measured. Besides, the levels of LDH and HbA1c were measured using ELISA kits. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of HbA1c and LDH were examined for chronic periodontitis diagnosis. Results: Based on the present results, the levels of LDH and HbA1C did not show adequate sensitivity or specificity for screening chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: According to the present findings, salivary biomarkers, including LDH and HbA1c, cannot be used with certainty for screening chronic periodontitis.
The Effect of Pimpinella anisum on Treatment and Recurrence of Menopausal Hot Flashes: A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial

Background: Considering the high prevalence of hot flashes and the controversies in its treatments, the present study evaluated the effect of Pimpinella anisum extract on the treatment and recurrence of hot flashes in women referred to the health centers of medical sciences universities in Tehran, Iran in 2019. Methods: The present double-blind controlled parallel-group clinical trial included 72 menopausal women with chief complaint of hot flashes. The participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n = 36 each) of experimental (receiving three P. anisum capsules) and control. The severity and frequency of hot flashes were measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before the treatment, eight weeks after the treatment, and four weeks after discontinuation of the medication. The data of patients, including their diet, were recorded in the questionnaires and information forms. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19, and the intra-group results were analyzed using the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Also, to compare the scores between the groups, t-test, and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW) were used. Results: The frequency of hot flashes in the P. anisum group was 7.89 ± 5.67 before the treatment, 1.04 ± 1.24 eight weeks after the treatment, and 4.21 ± 2.03 in the four-week follow-up period. The severity of hot flashes among the P. anisum group was 11.50 ± 9.78, 1.90 ± 2.77, and 5.78 ± 1.92 before the treatment, eight weeks after the treatment, and four-week follow-up (P = 0.001), respectively. However, the severity and frequency of hot flashes did not change significantly in the placebo group (P = 0.75). No side effects were seen in any of the groups. Conclusions: Pimpinella anisum was effective in reducing the frequency and severity of hot flashes.
Detection of Space-Time Disease Clusters Using A Matrix Factorization Method

Space-time cluster detection has important applications in public health management and epidemiology to devise disease prevention strategies and to find the causes of a particular disease outbreak in a country. This study introduced a new method to detect the potential space-time clusters with no restriction on cluster shape and size and further visualize them distinctly on the heat map. The proposed algorithm is based on matrix factorization technique to find the significant components in spatial as well as temporal dimension. Applications to malaria data in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan shows that the proposed method is effective in detecting the potential clusters.
Toxicity of fluoride to Paratapes textilis (Gmelin, 1791) clam: alterations in shell colour, growth, accumulation, digestive gland and feet (Histology) and its potential risk to human health

The toxicity of fluoride to one of the economic clam species in Egypt; Paratapes textilis (Gmelin, 1791) was monitored in the present investigation. After one month of exposure of the bivalve to a fluoride ascending concentration of 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 ppm, many biological aspects were affected. For the first time, fluorosis or whitening of clamshells was clearly observed in all tested fluoride concentrations. Moreover,
Relationship of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) to antioxidants and lipid level in patients with kidney diseases

The research involved study the relation between FGF23 and some of the biochemical parameters related to the chronic kidney disease (Glutathion GSH and arylesterase ARE enzymes,ceruloplasmin ,Malondialehyde ,glucose ,cholesterol ,triglyceride ,LDL ,VLDL,HDL)in serum blood patients compared with control group,the result demonstration is a significant increase in the mean concentration rate FGF23 was (324.06± 291.1 pg/ml) in patients compared with mean concentration in control group was ( 273 ± 188.5 pg/ml) , also the result showed a significant increase in the concentration of (ceruloplasmin,malondialdehyde ,cholesterol ,LDL) and a significant decrease had been shown in the concentration of (reduced Glutathion,arylesterase,HDL). while the results had been showed a non significant increase with (glucose,triglyceride,VLDL) in patients compared with control group, Correlation coefficient of FGF23 with these clinical parameters showed a positive significant correlation with(Malondialdehyde) while the result showed a non significant correlation with rest of the biochemical parameters.
A Study of the Relationship between Family Income and Literacy Level

Many socioeconomic factors influence the literacy rate in Pakistan. Poverty is known to be the main factor considered to have coexisted with low literacy skills and under achievements. There is an established link between poverty and illiteracy in developing countries. Poverty forces people into child labor, which produces illiteracy and these illiterates are forced to take low-income jobs that produce poverty. Thus, poverty and illiteracy have a cyclical relationship. The study was launched to further probe the link between family income and the acquisition of literacy skills. The main aim of the study was to: examine the co-occurrence of family income and participants’ learning achievement level; and to explore the role of income on participants’ literacy skills and to recommend certain measures to improve literacy. The study was descriptive, and the survey method was adopted to gather data from the people of the District of Bahawalpur. Two types of research tools were employed in the current study. The first tool was adapted by the Lao National Literacy Survey 2001, which was based on household information. The second tool was a test, adapted by the Lao National Literacy Survey 2001, which measures the basic literacy skills (reading, writing, numeracy, and visual skills) and background information of respondents. The researcher used two separate sheets for each respondent. One sheet was used for households' basic information and the other for the compilation of test results of the literacy skills of the respondents. After gathering the complete information from respondents, the data was organized and analyzed statistically. The main finding of the study reflective that high family income correlates with a higher level of literacy skills, and lower-income with a lower level of literacy skills. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that the government launch facilitating programs for the needy and vulnerable wards of society.
Evaluation and use of existing economic valuation methodologies in the management of Lake Victoria’s water resources

Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake in the world, with an eco-system critical to 25-30 million inhabitants of Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi who live in the lake basin. The lake provides several ecosystem services from inland waterway transport, fisheries to hydropower and supports many different industries such as tourism, trade, and wildlife. However, Lake Victorias ecosystem management has been highly extractive; hence its water resources are either inefficiently or overused. This is because the value of this resource is either unknown or underestimated. The main purpose of the research was to contribute to Lake Victorias conservation efforts by providing the best techniques that can be used to assess the value of this resource and develop appropriate policies for the sustainable management of the lake. The study reviewed relevant literature on the economic assessment methods of environmental resources in the context of water management. Search engines such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were used for it. The study suggests methods for economic valuation of Lake Victoria water ecosystem for each service. The proposed techniques can be used for assessing the value and benefits of conservation and restoration of Lake Victoria ecosystem.
Phytochemicals, characterization and antimicrobial tests of red betel leaves on three solvent fractions as candidates for endometritis phytotherapy in Aceh cattle, Indonesia

Abstract. Armansyah T, Siregar TN, Suhartono, Sutriana A. 2022. Phytochemicals, characterization and antimicrobial tests of red betel leaves on three solvent fractions as candidates for endometritis phytotherapy in Aceh cattle, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2111-2117. The use of antibiotics to treat endometritis in cattle carries with it some weaknesses in the form of toxicity risks and unexpected side effects. The use of medicinal plants as antimicrobials and immunomodulators has the potential to be an alternative therapy. Red betel leaves could be considered viable candidates for phytotherapy in cattle with endometritis. This study aimed to determine the differences in biological activity and antibacterial ability of red betel leaf through the use of three different solvents, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The highest yield of betel leaf extract was obtained from the ethyl acetate solvent fraction consisting of flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, phenolics, and saponins. The highest biological compounds in red betel leaf identified by GC-MS in n-hexane solvent, ethyl acetate, and ethanol were 5-isobutylidene-N, N-dimethylbarbituric acid, benzenamine, 4,4' - (1,2-ethenediyl) bis-, and 9-octadecadienoic acid, respectively. Among the three solvent fractions of red betel leaf extract, it was observed that ethyl acetate exhibited higher antibacterial activity than hexane and ethanol. Hence, it can be concluded that ethyl acetate extract of red betel leaves solvent has secondary metabolites and better antibacterial potential than ethanol and n-hexane solvents.
It Takes Less than a Village to Influence Educational Aspirations and Attainment

: Influencers are individuals or entities that meaningfully contribute through a socially constructed process to the formation of educational aspirations and possibly to their attainment. The effect of a specific influencer may differ within the context of multiple influencers. The aim of the current mixed methods study was to investigate how various influencers shape the development of educational aspirations and may contribute to goal setting and eventual attainment of an early aspiration. One-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 44 participants who attended high school in Ontario, Canada. Most participants identified as Canadian (54.5%) with a mean age of 29 years and median income of $48,504 Canadian Dollars. Participants were asked about the educational aspirations they had in high school. Retrospective accounts provided the opportunity to ask in the interviews not only who the influencers were but also if aspirations were pursued, changed, or attained. Coding and thematic analysis revealed 11 categories of influencers. Further analysis revealed that individuals with a diverse set of influencers attained their educational goals with an important exception. Young adults with 3 – 5 types of influencers were the largest percentage (61.9%) who achieved their goals, whereas among those with 1, 2, or more than 5 influencers only 21.7% achieved their aspirations. Two influencers that have received little empirical attention emerged: Self and Society/Culture. Findings have implications for encouraging young people and influencers to consider not only how parents and teachers affect educational aspirations but also the composition and size of socio-educational networks.
Prevention of Post-Gingivectomy Gingival Recession in Fixed Orthodontic Patients with Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report

Background: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances can affect periodontal tissues. It can increase the risk of plaque and calculus accumulation. One of the effects on the periodontal tissue is gingival enlargement. The usual treatment for gingival enlargement is gingivectomy with an external bevel. This treatment carries a risk of gingival recession if the base of the pocket is apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). Objective: To report the actions to be taken in case of post-gingivectomy gingival recession. Case Report: An 18-year-old woman presented to the Dental and Oral Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada Prof. Soedomo, with complaints of swelling of the lower front gums, partially covering the crown of the teeth, sometimes bleeding when brushing her teeth, but no pain. The patient has been in fixed orthodontic treatment since early 2018. The treatment in this case in the form of gingivectomy gave good results which aimed to remove the gingival pocket, form a new gingival anatomy and create a new gingival margin. In addition, a new gingival margin was considered coronal with suturing and fixation on the brackets to prevent recession. Conclusion: The risk of gingival recession after gingivectomy can occur, especially in the gingiva with a thin biotype. Coronally advance flap may be an option to position the gingival margin coronal to the CEJ to prevent gingival recession after gingivectomy procedure. Keywords: gingival enlargement, gingivectomy, fixed orthodontic appliance, coronally advanced flap
Structural and Morphological Evaluations of Natural Hydroxyapatite from Calcined Animal Bones for Biomedical Applications

Several biomedical materials have been employed as drug delivery systems, but natural Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been proven to be exceptionally better than other materials owing to its excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility properties. In this study, nat­ural HAP was obtained from bovine and caprine bones and comparatively analysed for biomedical applications. The bones were hydrothermally treated, calcined in the temperature range of 700–1100°C, held for 2 hours in an electric furnace to remove the organic contents; milled, sifted with 150 μm mesh sieve and then characterized. It was revealed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) that the bovine and caprine bone samples calcined at 1000°C had calcium/phosphorus ratio (Ca/P) of 1.66 closest to the standard of 1.67. The bovine HAP showed the best crystallinity (86.23%) at 1000°C while caprine HAP had its highest (87.25%) at 1100°C. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed that the calcination temperature must be greater than 700°C to isolate high quality HAP. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the samples calcined at 800°C had the largest average particle size (85.34 μm) while porosity increases with calcination temperature in both samples. The HAP obtained at a calcination temperature of 1000°C proved to have the best quality for biomedical applications.
Populist attitudes and conspiracy beliefs: Exploring the relation between the latent structures of populist attitudes and conspiracy beliefs

Despite the alleged affinity between populism and conspiracy theories, how they relate on the individual level remains relatively unknown. This study explores the relation between populist attitudes and conspiracy beliefs at the individual level. First, I test whether the conspiracist facets, which directly involve governmental participation, are associated with the dimensions of populist attitudes. Further, I examine the relation of political trust with the dimensions and facets of both constructs as well as their predictive power of the self-reported propensity to vote for a populist party. To test these assumptions, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Germany. Confirmatory factor analyses indicate a strong association between conspiracist facets that directly involve governmental participation and the anti-elitism and sovereignty dimensions of populist attitudes. Findings further show that low political trust is related to all dimensions of populist attitudes–especially anti-elitism–and to the conspiracist facets. Furthermore, the sovereignty dimension of populist attitudes and low political trust predict the propensity to vote for the right-wing populist party AfD. These findings provide new insights to a more nuanced understanding of populism on the individual level and the relation to conspiracy beliefs.