Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Viscosity Models for Drilling Fluids—Herschel-Bulkley Parameters and Their Use

An evaluation is presented of the practical usage of the Herschel-Bulkley viscosity model for drilling fluids. If data from automatic viscosity measurements exist, the parameters should be selected from relevant shear rate ranges to be applicable. To be able to be used properly, viscosity measurements must be measured with a sufficient accuracy. It is shown that a manual reading of standard viscometers may yield insufficient accuracy. It is also shown that the use of yield point/plastic viscosity (YP/PV) as measured using API or ISO standards normally provide inaccurate viscosity parameters. The use of the Herschel-Bulkley model using dimensionless shear rates is more suitable than the traditional way of writing this model when the scope is to compare different drilling fluids. This approach makes it also easier to make correlations with thermodynamic quantities like pressure and temperature or chemical or mineralogical compositions of the drilling fluid.
Crystal chemistry and thermal behavior of Fe-carpholite from the Pollino Massif, southern Italy

Abstract The crystal chemistry and thermal behavior of Fe-carpholite from the Pollino Massif have been investigated by a multi-method approach. A combination of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, mRaman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, room-temperature single-crystal X‑ray diffraction, and high-temperature X‑ray powder diffraction was employed. Field and micromorphological observations showed that the studied carpholite occurs in veins embedded in fine-grained matapelites and coexist with quartz, calcite, chlorite, and phengite. In particular, the tiny carpholite crystals are closely associated with quartz, suggesting simultaneous formation. Structure refinements from single-crystal X‑ray diffraction confirm that carpholite crystallizes in the Ccce space group. Anisotropic refinements converged at 2.3 ≤ R (%) ≤ 2.6 and yielded unit-cell parameters a ~13.77 Å, b ~20.16 Å, c ~5.11 Å, and V ~1419 Å3. An XFe [i.e., the molar fraction Fe2+/(Mg+Fe2++Mn)] of ~0.6 was derived from the refined occupancy at the M 1 site and is correlated to structural expansion mainly along the b and a axes and to geometrical distortions of the M 1, M2, and M3 octahedra. mRaman spectrum of unoriented Fe-carpholite crystals exhibits several bands in the 200–1200 cm–1 region, a strong peak at 3630 cm–1 and a weak peak at 3593 cm–1, the latter two of which account for the presence of two independent OH groups, as also revealed by the X‑ray structure refinement. The TG curve indicates a total mass loss of 15.6% in the temperature range 30–1000 °C, and the DTA curve shows a broad endothermic band at ~400 °C, extending up to ~650 °C, and weak exothermic peaks at ~700 and 750 °C. The latter may be ascribed to the breakdown of the Fe-carpholite structure and crystallization of new phases. The in situ high-temperature X‑ray powder diffraction from 30 to 1105 °C revealed no significant changes in XRD patterns from 30 to 355 °C but reflection splittings from 380 °C due to a Fe-oxidation/deprotonation process. The carpholite and deprotonated carpholite phases coexist in the temperature range 380–580 °C, whereas only the deprotonated phase is observed up to 630 °C. Above this temperature, the carpholite structure collapses and the characteristic peaks of spinel and quartz phases are observed. At 1105 °C, spinel, mullite, garnet, cristobalite, and tridymite can be clearly identified. Our results provide insight into the thermal stability of Fe-carpholites and may help understand the thermal evolution of HP/LT metasediments.
The effect of gluten-free diet on mean platelet volume, neutrophil and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in children with celiac disease

Aim: Celiac Disease (CD) is a chronic, autoimmune and systemic disease. In the present study, the purpose was to investigate the effect of a gluten-free diet on Mean-Platelet-Volume (MPV), neutrophil and neutrophil/lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). Material and Methods: A total of 106 patients who were diagnosed with CD and who were followed-up by the Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic of the Hospital, and 50 healthy children were included in the study. The demographic data of the patients and the neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, NLR were recorded before the diagnosis and one-year after gluten-free diet. The hematologic parameters of the patients were compared with the healthy control group at the diagnosis time. Following a one-year gluten-free diet, the hematologic parameters of the patients were compared with the parameters at the diagnosis time. Results: The mean age of the patients was 12.1±3.2 years (7-16 years), and the mean age of the control group was 14.5±4.1 years (12-16 years). A total of 48% (51/106) of the patients were female and 34% (17/50) of the control group was female. Hematological parameters of patients compared pre-dietary and post-dietary; lymphocyte and platelet ratios were significantly higher, whereas neutrophils, MPV and NLR were significantly lower. Neutropenia was detected in 15 patients before the diet. It was observed that neutrophil level reached the normal range after gluten-free diet in patients with neutropenia. Conclusions: The MPV, neutrophil and NLR values, that was low during the diagnosis, may be ameliorative with the gluten-free diet. In addition, CD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neutropenic patients.
Bio-efficacy of bentazone 48% SL as post-emergence against weeds in direct-seeded rice

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple food crop of millions of mankind from the dawn of civilization. India is the 2nd largest producer and consumer of rice in the world. Rice provides 5080% daily calorie intake to the consumer (Choudhary et al. 2011). In India, it is grown in nearly 43.39 mha area with the production of 104.32 MT and productivity of 2404 kg/ha. In Madhya Pradesh, it occupies an area of 2.02 mha with production of 3.58 MT and productivity of 1768 kg/ha (Anonymous 2016).
Consumer Taste in Trade

This paper documents the importance of consumer taste for the food industry using firm-product level customs data by destination country. We identify consuer taste through the use of a control function approach and estimate it jointly with other demand parameters using a flexible demand specification. We find that, on average, consumer taste explains as much of the variation in export revenue as marginal costs. The contribution of consumer taste to export revenue variation, ranges between 2% to 30% depending on the product category in the food industry. Our results also show that consumer taste decreases in distance but this relationship is non-monotonic.
Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria

The Mediterranean forest landscape will undergo the effects of the climatic warming tendency and forest structures of oak groves in the national park of Tlemcen (North-west of Algeria) are exposed to impervious changes. Thus, the favorable dynamics for zen oak and oxycedar juniper compared respectively with cork and holm oaks would be the beginnings of a specific substitution and an ecological and structural modification. Without neglecting the protecting and defending measures, sylviculture based on the species ecology and their dynamism could be a solution if it is led in uneven-aged and mixed stands, the structure that proved real advantages as for the protection of biodiversity and the resilience against fire and pathology risks.
Nursing empowerment by simulation in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy short-time complication control: Protocol study

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is one of the most suitable methods for long-term nutritional support. In this study, the empowerment of intensive care nurses is examined by a simulation technique to control the short-term complications of PEG. METHODS: A two-group clinical trial study will be conducted on eighty intensive care nurses in a teaching hospital in Tehran. The study participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two control and intervention groups based on the inclusion criteria. A pretest will be given to both groups using a researcher-made tool. Then, the empowerment package developed by the researcher will be provided to the intervention group in two stages. Next, a posttest will be administered. After this stage, patients’ complications with PEG will be observed using a researcher-made checklist. Nurses’ performances in both control and intervention groups will be evaluated in terms of preventing and controlling short-term complications up to 1 week after PEG insertion. All of the data collected in this research will be analyzed with statistic tests such as independent t-test, standard deviation, T pair, ANOVA, and mean based on the SPSS 16 software. RESULTS: At present, the research team is designing an empowerment package for nurses and tools needed to evaluate the nurses’ empowerment. CONCLUSION: This study will attempt to design and evaluate the empowerment package of graduate nurses with a cognitive empowerment approach and using a simulation technique to care for patients with PEG and to control their short-term complications.
REPERCUSSIONS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN CARDIAC SURGERY

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is a well-tolerated complication in most individuals, being a temporary problem associated with cardiac surgery. However, it can be life threatening in elderly patients and/or patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with the objective of investigating the repercussions of atrial fibrillation in patients during the postoperative period of cardiac surgery at a hospital in Maranhao, Brazil. The sample was composed of 29 medical records of adult patients undergoing valve replacement and/or myocardial revascularization who developed atrial fibrillation in the postoperative period between the years 2016 to 2017. Results and discussion: The project was sent to the Research Ethics Committee of the university hospital that hosted the study, and was granted the favourable Opinion no 2855350. Atrial fibrillation had an incidence of 13.3%. Valve replacement surgery (62.1%) was the most prevalent. In myocardial revascularization (34.5%) the prevalent duration was of 3 to 4 hours (41.4%), with extracorporeal circulation (96.6%) lasting 81 to 120 minutes (62.1%). The prevalent length of hospital stay was more than 40 days (27.6%), and the length of stay in the Cardiac ICU, 6 to 14 days (44.9%). Hemodynamic instability (34.5%) and increased bleeding (17.2%) were the main complications. Beta-blockers (27, 93.1%), heparin/enoxaparin (26, 89.7%) and vasoactive drugs (20, 69%) were the most used. More than half of the patients had atrial valve fibrillation (65.5%), in the mediate postoperative period (65.5%), of paroxysmal type (72.5%), with rapid ventricular response (79.3%), and 2 or 3 episodes (55.2%). All episodes of atrial fibrillation developed within the first seven days of hospitalization. Conclusion: The prevalent treatment was drug therapy with amiodarone (86.2%) and beta-blockers (93.1). Electrical cardioversion (17.2%) and electrical defibrillation (10.3%) were also used, with low incidence (13.3%). The repercussions of atrial fibrillation were longer hospital stay, increased number of complications and prolonged drug therapy.
Seasonal Changes of Airborne Bacterial Communities Over Tokyo and Influence of Local Meteorology

Recent progress in Next Generation Sequencing allows us to explore the diversity of airborne microorganisms across time and space. However, few studies have used consecutive short-period samples to explore correlations between the seasonal variation of the microbiota and meteorology. In order to understand airborne bacterial community dynamics over Tokyo, including fine-scale correlations between airborne microorganisms and meteorological conditions, and the influence of local versus long-range transport of microbes, air samples were continuously taken from a platform at the 458-m level of the Tokyo Skytree (a 634-m-high broadcasting tower in Tokyo) from August 2016 to February 2017. Predicted source regions of airborne particles, from back trajectory analyses, changed abruptly from the Pacific Ocean to the Eurasian Continent in the beginning of October. However, microbial community composition and alpha and beta diversities were not affected by this meteorological regime shift, suggesting that long-range transport from ocean or continent was not the principal determinant controlling the local airborne microbiome. By contrast, local meteorology, especially relative humidity and wind speed, had significant relationships with both alpha diversities and beta diversity. Among four potential local source categories (soil, bay seawater, river, and pond), bay seawater and soil were constant and predominant sources. Statistical analyses suggest humidity is the most influential meteorological factor, most likely because it is correlated with soil moisture and hence negatively correlated with the dispersal of particles from the land surface.
Mitigating the Insufficient Etching Selectivity in the Wet Release Process of CMOS-MEMS Metal Resonators Via Diffusion Control

This letter presents an effective approach to mitigating the prolonged issue of the insufficient etching selectivity between the sacrificial oxide and structural metal Al during the final release step of the CMOS-MEMS metal resonators. Particularly, the approach purposely slows down the etching rate not only for the sacrificial oxide but also more effectively for the structural metal by covering the resonator devices with upper metal layers in the CMOS process that contain release holes to pinch the diffusion of the etchant. Doing so realizes a $10\times $ extension in the allowable time window for over-etch, from a rather critical 5 min to over 50 min. This work further investigates the influence of the HF-based etchant temperature from 20°C to 40°C on the etch rate. The results show that the technique introduces the diffusion limiting effect at lower temperatures, leading to a less temperature sensitive etch rate compared to that of the reference counterpart. This method provides a promising and effective remedy for improving the yield during the time- and solution condition-sensitive oxide wet release step of CMOS-MEMS-based resonant devices. [2020-0299]
Propagation of Acorus calmus through rhizomes and extraction of essential oil from its parts

Acorus calamus is growing naturally in wetlands of Kashmir, an attempt was made to propagate it through rhizomes collected from natural habitat in open nursery conditions. In he present study rhizomes of Acorus after collection from the natural habitat were divided into four different diameter classes viz D1 (< 0.75 cm), D2 (0.75to 1.5 cm), D3(1.5 -2.25) and D4 (2.25 to 3.0). The rhizomes of these different classes were then sown in well prepared beds at four different spacing’s, S1 (60 cm × 30 cm), S2 (60 cm × 45 cm), S3 (60 cm × 60 cm) and S4 (60 × 75 cm). The rhizomes falling in the higher diameter class D4 (2.25 to 3.0) and at planted at spacing of (60 cm × 75 cm) attained cent percent survival, maximum number of leaves per plant (11.80). The trend was same for other growth parameters viz., leaf area (10.53cm2), leaf dry weight (11.38g/plant), rhizome length (16.75cm), rhizome diameter (5.76mm), above ground biomass (18.50g/plant), below ground biomass (75.50g/plant) and total biomass (94.0g/plant) which was also recorded higher in the higher diameter class of rhizomes D4 (2.25-3.0 cm) and at higher spacing of S4( 60 cm × 75 cm). Essential oil yield was obtained from leaves and rhizomes of Acorus calamus . In leaves maximum essential oil content was obtained from spacing S4(60cm x 75cm) 0.0115ml/plant and minimum essential oil content was obtained from lower spacing (60cm x 30cm) 0.0067 ml/plant . Similarly, in rhizomes maximum essential oil content was obtained from wider spacing (60cm x 75cm) 0.550ml/plant (16.27kg/ha) and minimum essential oil content was obtained from narrow spacing (60cm x 30cm) 0.212 ml/plant (10.45kg/ha).
Efficient and asymptotically optimal kinodynamic motion planning

OF THE DISSERTATION Efficient and Asymptotically Optimal Kinodynamic Motion Planning by ZAKARY LITTLEFIELD Dissertation Director: Kostas E. Bekris This dissertation explores properties of motion planners that build tree data structures in a robot’s state space. Sampling-based tree planners are especially useful for planning for systems with significant dynamics, due to the inherent forward search that is performed. This is in contrast to roadmap planners that require a steering local planner in order to make a graph containing multiple possible paths. This dissertation explores a family of motion planners for systems with significant dynamics, where a steering local planner may be computationally expensive or may not exist. These planners focus on providing practical path quality guarantees without prohibitive computational costs. These planners can be considered successors of each other, in that each subsequent algorithm addresses some drawback of its predecessor. The first algorithm, Sparse-RRT, addresses a drawback of the RRT method by considering path quality during the tree construction process. Sparse-RRT is proven to be probabilistically complete under mild conditions for the first time here, albeit with a poor convergence rate. The second algorithm presented, SST, provides probabilistic completeness and asymptotic near-optimality properties that are provable, but at the cost of additional algorithmic overhead. SST is shown to improve the convergence rate compared to Sparse-RRT. The third algorithm, DIRT, incorporates learned lessons from these two algorithms and
Teat anatomy, vacuum to open the teat canal, and fractionized milk composition in Italian buffaloes

Sixteen Italian dairy water buffaloes were used to demonstrate a relationship between teat anatomy and vacuum needed to open the teat canal (VO) and to investigate the amount and composition of cisternal and alveolar milk. Teat length, teat canal length, teat cistern diameter, and teat wall thickness were similar in front and rear teats except for the teat diameter which was greater in rear than in front teats. VO was measured on a wetted teat canal without liner and pulsation. Only twelve quarters out of 30 showed milk flow at a vacuum up to 45 kPa. In these quarters VO correlated with the teat canal length, the teat wall thickness and the cisternal diameter (r=0.82, r=0.62, r=-0.65, respectively, P<0.01. It remains however unclear which anatomical characteristics prevent milk flow at a vacuum up to 45 kPa in the majority of quarters investigated. Somatic cell count (SCC), milk yield, fat, lactose, protein and dry matter were measured in the cisternal and alveolar fractions. SCC, fat and dry matter remained similar while lactose and protein were significantly higher in the alveolar than cisternal fraction.
Anticancer activity of sulforaphane against human hepatoblastoma cells involves apoptosis, autophagy and inhibition of β-catenin signaling pathway

Introduction: Sulforaphane is an active isothiocyanate and has been reported to exhibit many pharmacological and biological activities including anticancer activity. The current study was undertaken to examine its anticancer activity against human hepatoblastoma. Material and methods: MTT and clonogenic assays were used to assess the antiproliferative effects of sulforaphane. Annexin V/PI staining and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to monitor the induction of apoptosis. GFP-LC3 transfection and fluorescence microscopy were used to investigate the induction of autophagy. Cell migration and invasion were assessed through wound healing and transwell chamber assay. Protein expression was determined by western blot analysis, Results: The results indicated that sulforaphane induced antiproliferative effects on the hepatoblastoma cell lines and exhibited an IC50 of 10 μM against the Hepu1 and HepU2 cells as compared to the IC50 of 90 μM against the normal THLE-2 cells. The antiproliferative effects were observed to be mediated via apoptosis which was accompanied by upregulation of Bax and suppression of Bcl-2 together with activation of caspase-3 and PARP cleavage. Sulforaphane also induced autophagy and the β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, cell migration and cell invasion of the hepatoblastoma cells were also suppressed upon sulforaphane treatment. Conclusions: The results indicated that sulforaphane is a potential anticancer agent and may be considered as a lead molecule in the development of hepatoblastoma chemotherapy.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS ABILITIES IN IMPLEMENTING CONTEXTUAL LEARNING TO DEVELOP MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD

Contextual learning is a process of learning activities to motivate students to understand a material by linking the material to the context of a child's life. This study aims to determine the ability of PAUD teacher in implementing contextual learning in developing multiple intelligences of early childhood. This research is a survey research conducted at 15 Early Childhood Education institutions in Kebumen Regency. Data collection using interviews, questionnaires, and observations. Data analysis using quantitative descriptive. The results showed that 81% of teachers in Kebumen Regency were able to understand and implement contextual learning in their learning activities that could develop multiple intelligences owned by children.
Differences in lamina joint anatomy cause cultivar differences in leaf inclination angle of rice

ABSTRACT Leaf erectness is an important agronomic trait for improving canopy photosynthesis in rice. It is well known that leaf inclination angle (LIA) decreases after expansion during ripening. However, the high-yielding indica cultivar ‘Takanari’ retains a greater LIA during ripening than the high-quality japonica cultivar ‘Koshihikari’. To clarify the cause of the cultivar difference in LIA, we investigated anatomical characteristics of the lamina joint of a flag leaf. We found a close linear correlation between LIA at the centre and at the base of the leaf blade in both cultivars during ripening. The length of the lamina joint increased significantly more on the adaxial side of a leaf (the margin of the collar) than on the abaxial side (the abaxial side of the central part of the collar) in ‘Koshihikari’ after leaf expansion, but there was no clear difference in ‘Takanari’. We found a close linear correlation between the ratio of lamina joint length on the adaxial to abaxial sides and LIA in ‘Koshihikari’ and ‘Takanari’ during ripening. In ‘Koshihikari’, the average length of cells on the adaxial side increased significantly after leaf expansion, with no significant increase in that on the abaxial side and no significant change in cell number on either side. In ‘Takanari’, cell length and cell number showed no significant changes on either side of the lamina joint. We conclude that the cultivar difference in LIA during ripening is caused mainly by cell elongation on the adaxial side of the lamina joint. List of Abbreviations: k: light extinction coefficient; LIA: leaf inclination angle; QTL: quantitative trait locus