Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pain modulation is affected differently in medication-overuse headache and chronic myofascial pain – A multimodal MRI study

Background Neuroimaging studies revealed structural and functional changes in medication-overuse headache (MOH), but it remains unclear whether similar changes could be observed in other chronic pain disorders. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we investigated functional connectivity (FC) with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to measure fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in patients with MOH (N = 12) relative to two control groups: patients with chronic myofascial pain (MYO; N = 11) and healthy controls (CN; N = 16). Results In a data-driven approach we found hypoconnectivity in the fronto-parietal attention network in both pain groups relative to CN (i.e. MOH < CN and MYO < CN). In contrast, hyperconnectivity in the saliency network (SN) was detected only in MOH, which correlated with FA in the insula. In a seed-based analysis we investigated FC between the periaqueductal grey (PAG) and all other brain regions. In addition to overlapping hyperconnectivity seen in patient groups (relative to CN), MOH had a distinct connectivity pattern with lower FC to parieto-occipital regions and higher FC to orbitofrontal regions compared to controls. FA and MD abnormalities were mostly observed in MOH, involving the insula. Conclusions Hyperconnectivity within the SN along with associated white matter changes therein suggest a particular role of this network in MOH. In addition, abnormal connectivity between the PAG and other pain modulatory (frontal) regions in MOH are consistent with dysfunctional central pain control.
Tandem RNA Chimeras Contribute to Transcriptome Diversity in Human Population and Are Associated with Intronic Genetic Variants

Chimeric RNAs originating from two or more different genes are known to exist not only in cancer, but also in normal tissues, where they can play a role in human evolution. However, the exact mechanism of their formation is unknown. Here, we use RNA sequencing data from 462 healthy individuals representing 5 human populations to systematically identify and in depth characterize 81 RNA tandem chimeric transcripts, 13 of which are novel. We observe that 6 out of these 81 chimeras have been regarded as cancer-specific. Moreover, we show that a prevalence of long introns at the fusion breakpoint is associated with the chimeric transcripts formation. We also find that tandem RNA chimeras have lower abundances as compared to their partner genes. Finally, by combining our results with genomic data from the same individuals we uncover intronic genetic variants associated with the chimeric RNA formation. Taken together our findings provide an important insight into the chimeric transcripts formation and open new avenues of research into the role of intronic genetic variants in post-transcriptional processing events.
Prism adaptation in the rehabilitation of patients with visuo-spatial cognitive disorders

Purpose of reviewThe traditional focus of neurorehabilitaion has been on the patients' attention on their deficit, such that they should become aware of their problems and gain intentional control of compensatory strategies (descending approach). We review prism adaptation as one of the approaches that emphasize ascending rather than descending strategies to the rehabilitation of visuo-spatial disorders. The clinical outcome of prism adaptation highlights the need for a theoretical reconsideration of some previous stances to neurological rehabilitation. Recent findingsRecent years have given rise to a growing body of experimental studies showing that the descending strategy is not always optimal, especially when higher-level cognition is affected by the patients' condition. Ascending approaches have, for example, used visuo-manual adaptation for the rehabilitation of visuo-spatial deficits. A simple task of pointing to visual targets while wearing prismatic goggles can produce remarkable improvements of various aspects of unilateral neglect. SummaryThe neural mechanisms underpinning visuo-manual plasticity can be viewed as a powerful rehabilitation tool that produces straightforward effects not only on visual and motor parameters, but on visuo-spatial, attentional and higher cognitive neurological functions. The use of prism adaptation therapy in neglect and other visuo-spatial disorders has just started to reveal its potential, both at a practical and theoretical level.
Computational fluid dynamics-based thermal modeling for efficient building energy management

Heating, Ventilating and Air-conditioning systems have a significant share in the energy consumed by buildings. Development of a highly accurate thermal model is the first step in designing an efficient air-conditioning system. In this regard, this paper proposes a semi-nonlinear thermal model - ordinary differential equation with parameters as nonlinear functions of ambient temperature and cooling air flow-rate - to approximate the temperature solutions simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A three-roomed building, equipped with an air-conditioning system is modeled, and Navier-Stokes equations are solved to simulate the temporal evolution of temperatures for different ambient temperatures and cooling air flow-rates. The steady-state temperatures and transient solution parameters of the thermal model are assumed to be polynomial functions of ambient temperature and flow-rate, and are determined by minimizing the error between the thermal model- and the CFD-based final and transient temperature solutions, respectively. The proposed thermal model of third-order, with nonlinear type transient coefficients is shown to predict the temporal evolution of temperature accurately. The high prediction accuracy of the proposed thermal model makes it to be a potential candidate for the design of an optimal temperature regulator.
Promoting physical activity in sedentary elderly Malays with type 2 diabetes: a protocol for randomised controlled trial

Introduction Like many countries Malaysia is facing an increase in the number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetes (T2DM) and modifiable lifestyle factors such as sedentary behaviour are important drivers of this increase. The level of physical activity is low among elderly Malay people. In Malaysia, strategies to promote physical activity in elderly Malay people with T2DM are not well documented in the research literature. This paper discusses an intervention to increase physical activity in elderly Malay people with T2DM. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of personalised feedback alone and in combination with peer support in promoting and maintaining physical activity in comparison with usual care. Methods and analysis A three-arm randomised controlled trial will be conducted among sedentary Malay adults aged 60 years and above with T2DM attending an urban primary healthcare clinic in Malaysia. The participants will be randomised into three groups for a 12-week intervention with a follow-up at 24 and 36 weeks to assess adherence. The primary outcome of this study is pedometer-determined physical activity. Glycaemic and blood pressure control, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, lipid profile, health-related quality of life, psychological well-being, social support and self-efficacy for exercise are the secondary measures. Linear mixed models will be used to determine the effect of the intervention over time and between groups. Ethical and dissemination The Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee and the Malaysian Ministry of Health's Medical Research Ethics Committee approved this protocol. The findings of this study will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration This study protocol has been registered with the Malaysian National Medical Research Registry and with the Current Controlled Trial Ltd (http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN71447000/).
The Advanced Computing Systems Association Proceedings of the Workshop on Intrusion Detection and Network Monitoring Experience with Emerald to Date Experience with Emerald to Date 1st Usenix Workshop on Intrusion Detection and Network Monitoring

After summarizing the EMERALD architecture and the evolutionary process from which EMERALD has evolved, this paper focuses on our experience to date in designing, implementing, and applying EMERALD to various types of anomalies and misuse. The discussion addresses the fundamental importance of good software engineering practice and the importance of the system architecture in attaining detectability, i n teroperability, general applicability , and future evolvability. It also considers the importance of correlation among distributed and hierarchical instances of EMERALD, and needs for additional detection and analysis components.
Electronic Health Records: Which Practices Have Them, and How Are Clinicians Using Them?

Background Limited data exist to estimate the use of electronic health records (EHRs) in ambulatory care practices in the United States. Methods We surveyed a stratified random sample of 1829 office practices in Massachusetts in 2005. The one-page survey measured use of health information technology, plans for EHR adoption and perceived barriers to adoption. Results A total of 847 surveys were returned, for a response rate of 46%. Overall, 18% of office practices reported having an EHR. Primary-care-only and mixed practices reported similar adoption rates (23% and 25%, respectively, P = 0.70). The adoption rate in specialty practices (14%) was lower compared with both primary-care-only ( P < 0.01) and mixed ( P < 0.05) practices. The number of clinicians in the practice strongly correlated with EHR adoption ( P < 0.001), with fewer small practices adopting EHRs. Among practices that have EHRs with laboratory and radiology result retrieval capabilities, at least 87% of practices report that a majority of their clinicians actively use these functionalities, while 74% of practices with electronic decision support report that the majority of clinicians actively use it. Among the practices without an EHR, 13% plan to implement one within the next 12 months, 24% within the next 1‐2 years, 11% within the next 3‐5 years, and 52% reported having no plans to implement an EHR in the foreseeable future. The most frequently reported barrier to implementation was lack of adequate funding (42%). Conclusions Overall, fewer than 1 in 5 medical practices in Massachusetts have an EHR. Even among adopters, though, doctor usage of EHR functions varied considerably by functionality and across practices. Many clinicians are not actively using functionalities that are necessary to improve health care quality and patient safety. Furthermore, among practices that do not have EHRs, more than half have no plan for adoption. Inadequate funding remains an important barrier to EHR adoption in ambulatory care practices in the United States.
The strong interaction of transition radiation of charged particle with modulated anisotropic magnetodielectric filling of the waveguide

The transition radiation of a charged particle during its uniform motion perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide with a periodically modulated anisotropic magnetodielectric filling is considered. Features of the interaction of the radiated transverse-magnetic (TM) wave with the modulation wave of the filling of the waveguide in the region of “strong” (resonance) interaction are investigated. The analytical expression for energy of transition radiation in the region of strong interaction with accuracy of small modulation index in the first degree inclusive was found. The obtained expression for the width of the frequency region of the strong interaction shows that it is proportional to the modulation index in the first degree. The possibility of appearance of Cherenkov radiation in the region of strong interaction in the case of rectangular waveguide is analyzed.
Novel Deployment of Mobile Eddy Covariance Tower Observations Across Variations in the Built Environment in a Desert Urban Area

Number of Papers published in peer-reviewed journals: Final Report: Novel Deployment of Mobile Eddy Covariance Tower Observations Across Variations in the Built Environment in a Desert Urban Area Report Title A mobile eddy covariance tower platform is used to analyze water and energy fluxes over three unique urban land cover representations on the Arizona State University campuses: (1) xeric landscape (gravel cover and palo verde trees with drip-irrigation systems near tall buildings); (2) high-density urban site (asphalt-paved parking lot near a high-traffic intersection); and 3) suburban mesic landscape (turf grass with sprinkler irrigation in a residential neighborhood). The footprints associated with the eddy covariance flux measurements are determined and image analysis allows for land cover classification of each source area. The xeric site and high-density urban site behave like a semiarid landscape, with high Bowen ratios (~3 and ~8 respectively) and higher sensible heat fluxes. The mesic site behaves more similarly to a grassland, with a Bowen ratio of ~0.5 and latent heat flux greater than sensible heat flux. Precipitation events affects latent heat flux at the xeric site, while the high-density urban site appears to be relatively insensitive to precipitation input. Differences are observed in evaporative fraction, Bowen ratio, and the ratios of sensible heat and latent heat to the available energy when comparing wet days to dry days. There is also a difference observed when only rainfall events occurring during the day-time are considered, suggesting the timing of precipitation influences the urban surface energy and water balances. This analysis improves our understanding of energy and water fluxes over desert urban land covers and provides a framework for future assessments. (a) Papers published in peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) Enter List of papers submitted or published that acknowledge ARO support from the start of the project to the date of this printing. List the papers, including journal references, in the following categories: (b) Papers published in non-peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) Received Paper
In SItu MoDIFICAtIonS oF nADH 2-CytoCHroMe-C-reDuCtASe AnD LACtAte DeHyDroGenASe In LIver , In tHe exPerIMentAL CArBon tetrACHLorIDe PoISonInG

279 L. Coman Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest 8 Eroilor Sanitari Bd. , Sector 5, Bucharest email: andreia.coman@gmail.com Abstract. The present study tried to determine the variations in the enzymatic, oxidoreductive and aerobic activity of the NADH2-cytochrome-C-reductase (diaphoresis) by histochemical methods, in comparison to that of the glycolic anaerobic enzyme (lactate dehydrogenase), using an experimental model of poisoning with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. The liver was investigated at 24 hours after poisoning. Two standardized histochemical techniques were used. Intensity of reaction, the parameter used, was determined by qualitative evaluation of color, as visualized with optical microscope. The diaphorase presented an intense and very intense decrease of reaction in vascular endothelia and in hepatocytes . In hepatocytes, the decrease of the enzymatic, oxidative and aerobic activity appeared especially in the pericentrolobular area. The intensity of reaction was unequal in middle area of the lobular cells and maintained its intensity in the periportal biliary hepatocytes. The lactate dehydrogenase presented different changes from a liver lobule to another, either by highly diminishing of reaction in the hepatocytes of the entire lobule, or by diminishing of reaction unequal from a hepatocyte to another in the same lobule. In some liver lobules appeared modifications in the metabolism of the hepatic lobule for both of the studied oxidative enzymes. It was more obvious for the lactate dehydrogenase. There were also noticed some structural modifications, with cellular necrosis and/or numerous lipid drops in the cytoplasm. The observations and the results of the experimental intoxication emphasize the noxious consequences which some pesticides will have on the organism, expressed on the liver in the present study.
Heterotrimeric Kinesin-2 (KIF3) Mediates Transition Zone and Axoneme Formation of Mouse Photoreceptors*

Background: Heterotrimeric kinesin-2 (KIF3) has been implicated in intraflagellar trafficking of photoreceptor membrane proteins by IFT. Results: KIF3 and IFT88 are required for transition zone and axoneme formation, but are dispensable for rhodopsin trafficking. Conclusion: Transmembrane proteins, including rhodopsin, traffic to the OS even when IFT is disabled. Significance: KIF3 builds and maintains the photoreceptor transition zone and axoneme that are essential for photoreceptor integrity and vision. Anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) employing kinesin-2 molecular motors has been implicated in trafficking of photoreceptor outer segment proteins. We generated embryonic retina-specific (prefix “emb”) and adult tamoxifen-induced (prefix “tam”) deletions of KIF3a and IFT88 in adult mice to study photoreceptor ciliogenesis and protein trafficking. In embKif3a−/− and in embIft88−/− mice, basal bodies failed to extend transition zones (connecting cilia) with outer segments, and visual pigments mistrafficked. In contrast, tamKif3a−/− and tamIft88−/− photoreceptor axonemes disintegrated slowly post-induction, starting distally, but rhodopsin and cone pigments trafficked normally for more than 2 weeks, a time interval during which the outer segment is completely renewed. The results demonstrate that visual pigments transport to the retinal outer segment despite removal of KIF3 and IFT88, and KIF3-mediated anterograde IFT is responsible for photoreceptor transition zone and axoneme formation.
Climate changes in interior semi-arid Spain from the last interglacial to the late Holocene

Abstract. The El Cañizar de Villarquemado sequence provides a palaeoenvironmental record from the western Mediterranean Basin spanning the interval from the last part of MIS6 to the late Holocene. The pollen and sedimentological records provide qualitative information about changes in temperature seasonality and moisture conditions. We use Weighted Averaging Partial Least-Squares (WA-PLS) regression to derive quantitative reconstructions of winter and summer temperature regimes from the pollen data, expressed in terms of the mean temperature of the coldest month (MTCO) and growing degree days above a baseline of 0 °C (GDD0) respectively. We also reconstruct a moisture index (MI), the ratio of annual precipitation to annual potential evapotranspiration, taking account of the effect of low CO2 on water use efficiency. We find a rapid summer warming at the transition to MIS5. Summers were cold during MIS4 and MIS2, but some intervals in MIS3 were characterized by summers as warm as the warmest phases of MIS5 or the Holocene. However, MIS3 was not significantly warmer in winter than other intervals, and there was a gradual decline in winter temperature from MIS4 through MIS3 to MIS2. The pronounced changes in temperature seasonality during MIS5 and MIS1 are consistent with changes in summer insolation. The ecophysiological effects of changing CO2 concentration through the glacial cycle has a significant impact on reconstructed MI. Conditions became progressively more humid during MIS5 and MIS4 was also relatively humid, while MIS3 was more arid. High MI values are reconstructed during the deglaciation and there was a pronounced increase in aridity during the Holocene. Changes in MI are anti-correlated with changes in GDD0, with increased MI during intervals of summer warming indicating a strong influence of temperature on evapotranspiration. Although our main focus here is on longterm changes in climate, the Villarquemado record also shows millennial-scale changes corresponding to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles.
Measurement Data Reduction through Variation Rate Metering

We present an ef&#64257;cient network measurement primitive that measures the rate of variations, or unique values for a given characteristic of a traf&#64257;c &#64258;ow. The primitive is widely applicable to a variety of data reduction and pre-analysis tasks at the measurement interface, and we show it to be particularly useful for building data-reducing preanalysis stages for scan detection within a multistage network analysis architecture. The presented approach is based upon data structures derived from Bloom &#64257;lters, and as such yields high performance with probabilistic accuracy and controllable worst-case time and memory complexity. This predictability makes it suitable for hardware implementation in dedicated network measurement devices. One key innovation of the present work is that it is self-tuning, adapting to the characteristics of the measured traf&#64257;c.
Vigilance measurement system through analysis of visual and emotional driver's signs using wavelet networks

Road safety is an important challenge for human society. Fatigue at the wheel is a serious problem causing thousands of road accidents each year. The major issue in the field of driving security systems is driver vigilance control. In this paper, we present a new method for driver's vigilance level measurement using a multi parameter system based on head movement estimation, eyes blinking analysis and face emotion recognition based on wavelet networks classification system.
High‐pressure alloying of iron and xenon: “Missing” Xe in the Earth's core?

[1] Ab initio quantum mechanical calculations show that xenon (Xe) can be alloyed with hexagonal close-packed iron at high pressure through substitutional incorporation, with a favorable enthalpy of formation for the alloy relative to the separate elemental solids, suggesting that Xe is soluble in the Earth's iron-rich core (up to ∼0.8 mol %). This alloying behavior and the possible presence of a significant amount of Xe in the core are important for understanding the accretion and evolution of the Earth and its atmosphere.
FHL2 interacts with and acts as a functional repressor of Id2 in human neuroblastoma cells

ObjectiveId2 is a natural inhibitor of the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factors. Although it is well known that active Id2 prevents differentiation and promotes cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis, the molecular events that regulate Id2 activity remain to be investigated.MethodsYeast two-hybrid, mammalian two-hybrid, GST-pulldown and immunoprecipitation (CoIP) assays were used to screen and identify novel Id2 interactors. Luciferase assays were used to detect E47-mediated transcription activity. Colony formation and BrdU incorporation assays were used to determine cellular proliferation abilities. Northorn blot, western blot and quantitative PCR methods were used to measure gene expression levels. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) were performed to investigate protein/DNA binding.ResultsThe LIM-only protein FHL2 (four-and-a-half-LIM-only protein 2) was identified to be a novel Id2 interactor. The HLH domain within Id2 is not required for its interaction with FHL2. FHL2 antagonizes the inhibitory effect of Id2 on the basic helix-loop-helix protein E47-mediated transcription. FHL2 prevents the formation of Id2-E47 heterdimer, thus releasing E47 to its target DNA and restoring its transcriptional activity. FHL2 expression was remarkably up-regulated during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of neuroblastoma cells, during which the expression of Id2 is opposite to that. Ectopic FHL2 expression in neuroblastoma cells markedly reduces the transcriptional and cell-cycle promoting functions of Id2.ConclusionThese results indicate that FHL2 is an important repressor of the oncogenic activity of Id2 in neuroblastoma cells.