Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mothership versus Drip-and-Ship Model for Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Clinical and Radiological Outcomes

Background and Purpose Substantial uncertainty exists on the benefit of organizational paradigms in stroke networks. Here we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed data from studies comparing functional outcome between the mothership (MS) and the drip and ship (DS) models. Methods The meta-analysis protocol was registered international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) and followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central databases were searched for randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs), retrospective and prospective studies comparing MS versus DS. Primary endpoints were functional independence at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale <3) and successful recanalization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scale [TICI] >2a); secondary endpoints were 3-month mortality and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH). Odds ratios for endpoints were pooled using the random effects model and were compared between the two organizational models. Results Overall, 18 studies (n=7,017) were included in quantitative synthesis. MS paradigm was superior to DS model for functional independence (odds ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 1.55; I2=30%). Meta-regression analysis revealed association between onset-to-needle time and good functional outcome, with longer onset-to-needle time being detrimental. Similar rates of recanalization, sICH and mortality at 90 days were documented between MS and DS. Conclusions Patients with acute ischemic stroke eligible for reperfusion strategies might benefit more from MS paradigm as compared to DS. RCTs are needed to further refine best management taking into account logistics, facilities and resources.
THE RESEARCH OF TWO MEDICAMENTS PREVENTION MOUNTAIN APRICOT BLOSSOM TIME FREEZE INJURY EFFECT

Through using the different treatment of density B9 and the boric acid sprayed on the Shanggaotai tree farm dam bottom afforestation area's artificial Armeniaca sibirica(L.) Lam.forest spurts to Zhuozi County,what spurts executes the clear water is ck,Compares the phenology,blossoming rate and forming fruits of Armeniaca sibirica(L.) Lam.under the different treatment.The research of prevent the Armeniaca sibirica(L.) Lam.blossom time freeze injury,the results showed that :(1) The different treatment of density's B9 can postpone the Armeniaca sibirica(L.) Lam.to blossom about 2~4d and avoid the late frost harm effectively,blossoming rate is more remarkable than ck.but the Fruit setting rate effect is not remarkable. (2)The different treatment of density's boric acid can raise the Armeniaca sibirica(L.) Lam.resistance under the varying degree,thus raises the Armeniaca sibirica(L.) Lam.blossoming rate and Fruit setting rate. (3) The treatment of boric acid is better than that of B9 in Fruit setting rate.
Towards an Ambient Estimation of Stool Types to Support Nutrition Counseling for People affected by the Geriatric Frailty Syndrome

A person’s stool can tell a lot about his or her state of health. Among other things, diarrhea or constipation lead to a reduced digestive efficiency. For many people their own stool is a shameful topic. However, the effectiveness of digestion of food has a direct influence on the recommendations for patients undergoing a nutritional therapy. This paper outlines a prototypical system for an automatic and ambient classification of stool forms into three classes: thin, normal, and hard stool based on the Bristol Stool Scale. The stool is recorded in transit after exiting the anus until it reaches the toilet floor to avoid the problems of conventional procedures. Corresponding data were generated under laboratory conditions. Various algorithms from the field of machine learning and deep learning were applied to this data. The evaluation results show that two out of five of these algorithms achieve classification rates of 100%.
AGSF: Adaptive Graph Formulation and Hand-Crafted Graph Spectral Features for Shape Representation

Addressing intra-class variation in high similarity shapes is a challenging task in shape representation due to highly common local and global shape characteristics. Therefore, this paper proposes a new set of hand-crafted features for shape recognition by exploiting spectral features of the underlying graph adaptive connectivity formed by the shape characteristics. To achieve this, the paper proposes a new method for formulating an adaptively connected graph on the nodes of the shape outline. The adaptively connected graph is analysed in terms of its spectral bases followed by extracting hand-crafted adaptive graph spectral features (AGSF) to represent both global and local characteristics of the shape. Experimental evaluation using five 2D shape datasets and four challenging 3D shape datasets shows improvements with respect to the existing hand-crafted feature methods up to 9.14% for 2D shapes and up to 14.02% for 3D shapes. Also for 2D datasets, the proposed AGSF has outperformed the deep learning methods by 17.3%.
The role of speech-language therapists in primary healthcare from the perspective of professionals in family health support centers.

PURPOSE To analyze the perception of professionals constituting Family Health Support Centers (FHSC) of a capital in the South Region of Brazil regarding the role of speech-language therapy professionals in primary care (PC). METHOD This is a qualitative, observational cross-sectional study. All professionals constituting the FHSC who voluntarily agreed to collaborate with the research participated in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied containing information about the professional profile and activities developed in PC. RESULTS Health professionals perform actions that would allow for the joint participation of speech-language therapy professionals, since this category is not contemplated in the staff members that constitute the municipality team analyzed. According to the questionnaire, referrals to speech-language therapy professionals are mainly related children issues with speech and language. Little knowledge on the contribution of speech-language sciences regarding interdisciplinary actions was found. CONCLUSION The participants of this study demonstrated a reductionist perception regarding speech-language sciences in PC. In addition, the actions performed by the professionals of this study are directed towards what the speech-language professional could contribute instead. Further studies could demonstrate the benefits that speech-language professionals can provide to the activities performed.
In search of a “vocabulary for recreation”: Leisure-time physical activity among humanitarian migrants in regional Australia

This study provides an exploration of the meanings of leisure for humanitarian migrants in regional Australia and these meanings’ implications for health. It uses mixed-methods to explore leisure-time physical activity participation and day-to-day experiences of leisure and health. A sample representing approximately one third of the Coffs Coast adult humanitarian migrant population completed the survey, as well as 32 individuals who participated in interviews and focus groups. Findings were organised into three themes and explored issues around mental health and time for leisure, cultural differences in experiencing leisure, and the connections with experiences of other disadvantaged groups. We conclude by arguing that leisure needs to be brought to the fore of discussions around service provision and policy making concerned with the wellbeing of the refugee migrant population, particularly focusing on support for the (re)development of a vocabulary for recreation, as a step forward in the journey to healing and belonging.
Traditional Old Dietary Pattern of Castellana Grotte (Apulia) Is Associated with Healthy Outcomes

Background: There is still room for further studies aimed at investigating the most widespread diets in the Mediterranean area. The objective of the study is to analyze the relation of food group intake to clinical chemical indicators of health, and also to compare the food group intake with healthy well-known diet indices. Methods: Lifestyle, dietary, and clinical data collected in 2005/2006 and 2012/2018 from Castellana Grotte, located in the rural area of Apulia, were analyzed. The study populations included newly recruited subjects at each time period (n = 1870) as well as subjects examined twice and compared over time regarding health indicators (n = 734). Diet was assessed through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Three healthy diet indices were calculated and related to 29 food groups. We also performed prospective regression of food group consumption with health indicators. Results: The diet over the time period of observation was very stable and consisted of a high proportion of vegetables, fruit and grains. No major changes in body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were observed. Consumption of low-fat dairy, juices, olive oil, and water were related to reductions in weight gain, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and cholesterol (total and HDL) levels, in that order. Over the time periods we observed only a slight decrease of adherence to the Meddietscore. The correlations of the healthy diet indices with food groups revealed some differences among the indices, mostly regarding the intake of fruit and vegetables. Conclusions: The dietary pattern of Apulia is in line with many principles of a healthy diet and the cohort population seems to be less liable to undergo a transition to a westernized diet.
Social Bonding Increases Unsolicited Helpfulness Towards A Bullied Robot

This paper is a first step towards the investigation of civil courage in human-robot interaction (HRI). The main research question is if human users would help a robot being bullied by other humans. Previous work showed that pro-social behavior can be induced in human users towards a robot pro-actively asking for their help in order to accomplish a specific task by applying mechanisms of social bonding. In contrast, this paper investigates unsolicited helpful behavior towards a robot being bullied by a third person subsequent to an interaction task. To this end, social bonding in terms of small talk including explicit emotional adaptation to induce a feeling of similarity is applied to a human-robot dialog scenario in a user study. As an interaction context, a cooperative object classification task is chosen, where a robot reads objects from a list needed by the robot to fulfill another task later. To induce bullying behavior, the list is took away from the robot by a disturbing third person after the completed interaction. The two experimental conditions of the study differ in whether or not social bonding is applied prior to the interaction. According to previous work, results showed increased ratings for social presence and anthropomorphism, as well as increased unsolicited helpfulness of the participants in the social bonding condition. Surprisingly, unsolicited help occurred only verbally and directed towards the robot and none of the human users took action against the bullying third person. It is discussed, that this may be due to social-psychological side-effects caused by the passive presence of the human experimental examiner and that additional channels of emotional adaptation by the robot may be required.
Ten-Year in-Hospital Mortality Trends among Paediatric Injured Patients in Japan: A Nationwide Observational Study

Injury is a major cause of worldwide child mortality. This retrospective nationwide study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of paediatric injured patients in Japan and their in-hospital mortality trends from 2009 to 2018. Injured patients aged <17 years were enrolled. Data were extracted from the Japan Trauma Data Bank. In the Cochran-Armitage test, in-hospital mortality significantly decreased during the study period (p < 0.001), except among patients <1 year old, and yearly reductions were observed among those with an Injury Severity Score ≥16 and survival rate ≥50% (p < 0.001). In regression analyses, patients who underwent urgent blood transfusion within 24 h after hospital admission (odds ratio (OR) = 3.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.38–4.41) had a higher in-hospital mortality risk. Higher survival probability as per the Trauma and Injury Severity Score was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.91–0.92), a risk which decreased from 2009 to 2018 (OR = 6.16, 95% CI = 2.94–12.88). Based on our results, there is a need for improved injury surveillance systems for establishment of injury prevention strategies along with evaluation of the quality of injury care and outcome measures.
Rubella Seroprevalence Boost in the Pediatric and Adolescent Population of Florence (Italy) as a Preventive Strategy for Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)

Background: Despite the availability of an effective vaccine since the 1970s, rubella disease and, importantly, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) remain a public health concern. The aim of this study was to analyze the rubella seroprevalence in the children population of the province of Florence and compare the obtained results to a previous survey conducted in 2005–2006. Methods: A qualitative measurement of anti-rubella antibodies was performed on 165 sera using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The anamnestic and vaccination status was also collected. Results: Our study highlighted a very high rubella seroprevalence (85–100%) in our enrolled population. In the vaccinated group (153/165), 98.7% of them were positive to rubella antibodies. Conclusions: Our study showed the highest seroprevalence rate reached in the province of Florence for rubella in the last 15 years, thanks to the several successful vaccination campaigns promoted in the Tuscany region. Our findings in pediatric and adolescent subjects are a key factor in preventing CRS in adult life, specifically in childbearing women. Thus, the set goal will be to keep the awareness about the vaccination for this preventable disease high.
The motives of people who delay retirement: An occupational perspective

Abstract Background Increasing numbers of people are delaying retirement. Studies of their motives are scarce and biased to Western contexts. Aims The aim was to explore internal and external motives of older Slovenians who continue to work after becoming eligible for retirement. Methods Nine workers, aged 59–72, were interviewed. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Three main themes were extracted. The ‘Foundations’ described the prerequisites for continued work engagement that were often non-negotiable. The ‘Rewards’ included the benefits of working and suggested a strong pull towards the non-material aspects of work. ‘Negotiating occupational challenges’ summarized an internal crisis that was experienced when faced with a potential occupational void of retirement. Conclusions Although the participants’ motivations were not homogenous, we identified a pattern in the way they constructed their motives in relation to the occupational life trajectories and contextual factors. Based on our findings and multidisciplinary theories, we proposed a hierarchy of motives for prolonged work activity. Significance The study offers an occupational perspective of the phenomenon of delayed retirement and argues that the efforts of the discipline of occupational therapy should be directed at different levels of motives, including empowering people to nurture higher level occupational motives.
Automatic System for Visual Detection of Dirt Buildup on Conveyor Belts Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Conveyor belts are the most widespread means of transportation for large quantities of materials in the mining sector. Therefore, autonomous methods that can help human beings to perform the inspection of the belt conveyor system is a major concern for companies. In this context, we present in this work a novel and automatic visual detector that recognizes dirt buildup on the structures of conveyor belts, which is one of the tasks of the maintenance inspectors. This visual detector can be embedded as sensors in autonomous robots for the inspection activity. The proposed system involves training a convolutional neural network from RGB images. The use of the transfer learning technique, i.e., retraining consolidated networks for image classification with our collected images has shown very effective. Two different approaches for transfer learning have been analyzed. The best one presented an average accuracy of 0.8975 with an F-1 Score of 0.8773 for the dirt recognition. A field validation experiment served to evaluate the performance of the proposed system in a real time classification task.
Diet and subsistence in Bronze Age pastoral communities from the southern Russian steppes and the North Caucasus

The flanks of the Caucasus Mountains and the steppe landscape to their north offered highly productive grasslands for Bronze Age herders and their flocks of sheep, goat, and cattle. While the archaeological evidence points to a largely pastoral lifestyle, knowledge regarding the general composition of human diets and their variation across landscapes and during the different phases of the Bronze Age is still restricted. Human and animal skeletal remains from the burial mounds that dominate the archaeological landscape and their stable isotope compositions are major sources of dietary information. Here, we present stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data of bone collagen of 105 human and 50 animal individuals from the 5th millennium BC to the Sarmatian period, with a strong focus on the Bronze Age and its cultural units including Maykop, Yamnaya, Novotitorovskaya, North Caucasian, Catacomb, post-Catacomb and late Bronze Age groups. The samples comprise all inhumations with sufficient bone preservation from five burial mound sites and a flat grave cemetery as well as subsamples from three further sites. They represent the Caucasus Mountains in the south, the piedmont zone and Kuban steppe with humid steppe and forest vegetation to its north, and more arid regions in the Caspian steppe. The stable isotope compositions of the bone collagen of humans and animals varied across the study area and reflect regional diversity in environmental conditions and diets. The data agree with meat, milk, and/or dairy products from domesticated herbivores, especially from sheep and goats having contributed substantially to human diets, as it is common for a largely pastoral economy. This observation is also in correspondence with the faunal remains observed in the graves and offerings of animals in the mound shells. In addition, foodstuffs with elevated carbon and nitrogen isotope values, such as meat of unweaned animals, fish, or plants, also contributed to human diets, especially among communities living in the more arid landscapes. The regional distinction of the animal and human data with few outliers points to mobility radii that were largely concentrated within the environmental zones in which the respective sites are located. In general, dietary variation among the cultural entities as well as regarding age, sex and archaeologically indicated social status is only weakly reflected. There is, however, some indication for a dietary shift during the Early Bronze Age Maykop period.
Neuromuscular blockade and airway management during endotracheal intubation in Brazilian intensive care units: a national survey

Objective To describe the use of neuromuscular blockade as well as other practices among Brazilian physicians in adult intensive care units. Methods An online national survey was designed and administered to Brazilian intensivists. Questions were selected using the Delphi method and assessed physicians’ demographic data, intensive care unit characteristics, practices regarding airway management, use of neuromuscular blockade and sedation during endotracheal intubation in the intensive care unit. As a secondary outcome, we applied a multivariate analysis to evaluate factors associated with the use of neuromuscular blockade. Results Five hundred sixty-five intensivists from all Brazilian regions responded to the questionnaire. The majority of respondents were male (65%), with a mean age of 38 ( 8.4 years, and 58.5% had a board certification in critical care. Only 40.7% of the intensivists reported the use of neuromuscular blockade during all or in more than 75% of endotracheal intubations. In the multivariate analysis, the number of intubations performed monthly and physician specialization in anesthesiology were directly associated with frequent use of neuromuscular blockade. Etomidate and ketamine were more commonly used in the clinical situation of hypotension and shock, while propofol and midazolam were more commonly prescribed in the situation of clinical stability. Conclusion The reported use of neuromuscular blockade was low among intensivists, and sedative drugs were chosen in accordance with patient hemodynamic stability. These results may help the design of future studies regarding airway management in Brazil.
Clonal Evolution and Timing of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Simple Summary Half of all colorectal cancer (CRC) patients develop metastasis, despite current management. The aim of this study was to help guide precision medicine in metastatic CRC patients, by performing genomic characterisation of primary CRC and metastatic tumours, and revealing the effects of therapy on the metastatic process. We confirmed common ancestry between paired primary CRC and metastatic tumours, with most metastases seemingly having disseminated late (after acquiring most genomic diversity) from their corresponding primary tumour, via either a single clone (monoclonal spread) or multiple clones (polyclonal spread). Treatment prompted the selection for distinct resistant clones, through monoclonal seeding to distant metastatic sites. Overall, this study supports the importance of early clinical detection and surgical removal of the CRC tumour, whilst further highlighting the challenges for treating and managing metastatic CRC with increased intratumour heterogeneity (either due to early dissemination or metastatic spread through multiple clones) and the underlying risk of future therapeutic resistance in treated patients. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, where ~50% of patients develop metastasis, despite current improved management. Genomic characterisation of metastatic CRC, and elucidating the effects of therapy on the metastatic process, are essential to help guide precision medicine. Multi-region whole-exome sequencing was performed on 191 sampled tumour regions of patient-matched therapy-naïve and treated CRC primary tumours (n = 92 tumour regions) and metastases (n = 99 tumour regions), in 30 patients. Somatic variants were analysed to define the origin, composition, and timing of seeding in the metastatic progression of therapy-naïve and treated metastatic CRC. High concordance, with few genomic differences, was observed between primary CRC and metastases. Most cases supported a late dissemination model, via either monoclonal or polyclonal seeding. Polyclonal seeding appeared more common in therapy-naïve metastases than in treated metastases. Whereby, treatment prompted for the selection of distinct resistant clones, through monoclonal seeding to distant metastatic sites. Overall, this study reinforces the importance of early clinical detection and surgical excision of the CRC tumour, whilst further highlighting the clinical challenges for metastatic CRC with increased intratumour heterogeneity (either due to early dissemination or polyclonal metastatic spread) and the underlying risk of future therapeutic resistance in treated patients.