Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological maturation and increased excitability of human iPSC-derived neurons in HTR2A variant-related sleep bruxism

Sleep bruxism (SB) is a sleep-related movement disorder characterized by grinding and clenching of the teeth during sleep. We previously found a significant association between SB and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs6313, in the neuronal serotonin 2A receptor gene (HTR2A), and established human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons from SB patients with a genetic variant. To elucidate the electrophysiological characteristics of SB iPSC-derived neural cells bearing a SB-related genetic variant, we generated ventral hindbrain neurons from two SB patients and two unaffected controls and explored the intrinsic membrane properties of these neurons by patch-clamp technique. We found that the electrophysiological properties of the iPSC-derived neurons from the control line mature in a time-dependent manner in long-term cultures. In the early stage of neurogenesis, neurons from two SB lines tended to display shorter action potential (AP) half durations, which led to an increased cell capability of evoked firing. This is the first in vitro modelling of SB using disease-specific hiPSCs. The revealed electrophysiological characteristics may serve as a benchmark for further investigation of pathogenic mechanisms underlying SB. Summary Statement Sleep bruxism patient-specific iPSC-derived neurons with the HTR2A variant show altered electrophysiological characteristics, providing the foremost narration of sleep bruxism neurological phenotypes in vitro from any species.
Heterogeneity in PHGDH protein expression potentiates cancer cell dissemination and metastasis

Cancer metastasis requires the transient activation of cellular programs enabling dissemination and seeding in distant organs. Genetic, transcriptional and translational intra-tumor heterogeneity contributes to this dynamic process. Beyond this, metabolic intra-tumor heterogeneity has also been observed, yet its role for cancer progression remains largely elusive. Here, we discovered that intra-tumor heterogeneity in phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) protein expression drives breast cancer cell dissemination and metastasis formation. Specifically, we observed intra-tumor heterogeneous PHGDH expression in primary breast tumors, with low PHGDH expression being indicative of metastasis in patients. In mice, Phgdh protein, but not mRNA, expression is low in circulating tumor cells and early metastatic lesions, leading to increased dissemination and metastasis formation. Mechanistically, low PHGDH protein expression induces an imbalance in glycolysis that can activate sialic acid synthesis. Consequently, cancer cells undergo a partial EMT and show increased p38 as well as SRC phosphorylation, which activate cellular programs of dissemination. In turn, inhibition of sialic acid synthesis through knock-out of cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase (CMAS) counteracts the increased cancer cell dissemination and metastasis induced by low PHGDH expression. In conclusion, we find that heterogeneity in PHGDH protein expression promotes cancer cell dissemination and metastasis formation.
Foundations for Solving Classification Problems with Quantitative Abstract Argumentation

Abstract Argumentation Frameworks represent arguments and their relationships like attack and support in a graph. Their simple structure makes them easily interpretable and therefore a potentially interesting tool for explainable machine learning. We discuss some ideas for modeling and solving classiﬁcation problems as abstract argumentation problems. As opposed to previous approaches that built argumentation frameworks on top of the result of machine learning algorithms, our clas-siﬁers can be learnt in an end-to-end fashion. Our research is still in an early stage, but, hopefully, this position paper will inspire interesting discussions at the workshop.
Use of a Berner Low-Pressure Impactor at Low Inlet Pressures. Application to the Study of Aerosols and Vapors at High Temperature

The behavior of a Berner-type low-pressure impactor operated at low inlet pressures (down to 0.04 bar) has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The stage cut diameters have been found to decrease with inlet pressure, the general behavior of the impactor being similar to that of the atmospheric case down to ∼0.1 bar. At this inlet pressure, particles in the range 3–100 nm are classified along six different impactor stages, which offer the possibility of studying, e.g., freshly nucleated aerosols. The impactor so operated has been applied to the study of aerosol formation in biomass combustion, connected to the exit of a probe used in a previous work. The results presented in this article confirm and complement the conclusions of that work regarding submicron particle formation (i.e., nucleation of alkali sulfate occurs first and is followed by chloride condensation at lower temperatures) and also illustrate the possibilities of the impactor operated at low pressures. Finally, the relevance of diffusion on the collection efficiency of the successive stages is briefly discussed.
Particle Bounce During Filtration of Particles on Wet and Dry Filters

This paper experimentally examines the bounce and immediate re-entrainment of liquid and solid monodisperse aerosols under a stable filtration regime (precake formation) by wet and dry fibrous filters. PSL and DEHS were the solid and liquid aerosols, respectively, used in four monodisperse sizes of 0.52, 0.83, 1.50, and 3.00 w m. Three different fibrous filters were used to filter the aerosol streams, and the efficiency of the filtration process for each aerosol type under dry and wet regimes was measured. It was found that the solid particles generally exhibited a lower fractional filtration efficiency than liquid particles, although this difference decreased in the smaller size fractions. The difference between solid and liquid efficiencies was found to be greatest in the 1.5 w m size range. As particle sizes of liquid/solid aerosols and filtration parameters were similar, this difference is most likely to be due to the effect of particle bounce and or immediate re-entrainment occurring inside the filter, with the greater efficiency of filtration of the liquid particles being due to their greater capacity to plastically/elastically deform in order to absorb the impact forces. However, for the wet filtration regime (each fibre of the filter was coated by a film of water), no significant difference in filtration efficiency was detectable between solid and liquid aerosols. Therefore, the conclusion can be drawn that the either the bounce effect of the particles is inhibited by the liquid film, or the filtration conditions in the wet filter are so different that the aerosol properties are less significant with respect to capture.
Investigating the functional outcomes and complications associated with open reduction and internal fixation in proximal humeral fractures locking plate: A prospective study

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the functional and radiological outcomes in 2, 3, and 4-parts proximal humerus fractures treated using the proximal humerus locking plate. Methods: From January 2016 to December 2016, total 31 patients with displaced 2, 3 or 4-parts proximal humerus fractures included. The functional outcomes were assessed using Constant scores, and radiological assessments were also done over 6 weeks, 3months, and 6 months. The data was analysed for significance using ‘t’ test or ANOVA (analysis of variance) test (statistics calculators version 3.0 Beta). The significance was set at value P<0.05. Results: Twenty patients (3 excellent, 17 good) had satisfactory results. Though the average Constant score was relatively lesser among the 4-part fractures (67) as compared to 2, and 3-part fractures (79, and 75) at final follow up, it did not reach the desired statistical significance due to inadequate sample sizes. The two most common complications were screw perforation of the head of humerus, and sub-acromial impingement in three patients (9.67%) each respectively. One patient developed osteonecrosis of head in four part fracture. Conclusion: Locking plate can be a promising implant for fixation of proximal humerus fractures, and due to locking screws, it can work satisfactorily in elderly with osteoporotic fractures with augmentation like cement or bone graft. Although, significant proportion of patients can predictable functional outcomes, complications do occur in some patients. Level of evidence: Type IV.
Assessing Losses of Human Capital Due to Man-Made Pollution Caused by Emergencies

World-renowned approaches to assessing losses of the human capital due to man-made pollution caused by emergencies have been studied and compared. The concept of the approach to assessing losses of the human capital due to man-made pollution was built on the theory of fuzzy sets. The proposed concept of the approach assessing losses of the human capital due to man-made pollution is based on the theory of fuzzy sets. A qualitatively new approach to the economic assessment of possible (predicted) losses of human capital caused by pollution from emergencies is proposed. Pollution is considered as a set of emissions into the atmosphere, discharges into water, pollution of land with liquid and solid industrial waste, etc. This was taken into account when choosing a data set to test the concept of the proposed approach. It takes into account the risks of possible losses from mortality using fuzzy logic. The expediency of applying the theory of fuzzy sets to calculate the mortality rate due to pollution from emergencies is substantiated.
THE EFFECT OF HONEST AND HUMBLE LEADERSHIP ON SALES OUTCOME By

The role of leaders in shaping team outcomes is vital (Williams et al., 2010). As such, we know leaders play a significant role, influencing the attitudes and behaviors of their employees. It is widely believed that by influencing the values and priorities of their followers, leaders inspire them to perform beyond expectations (Ou et al., 2015). The leader-follower relationship lies at the heart of all transformations that are initiated and triggered by leaders (Owens & Hekman, 2016). Based on the role theory and social exchange theory, LMX theory helps to explain the exchange relationship between leaders and subordinates in terms of antecedents and outcomes (Liden et al., 1997). The exchange relationship between leader and followers depends upon the value they can offer each other, and LMX provides a framework to evaluate the larger network of such exchanges, which then help explain important organizational outcomes such as performance and customer orientation (Liden et al., 1997). Therefore, LMX theory can be leveraged as a basis of examination in order to establish and present the outcomes of this study. Based on the literature, it appears that humility theory is a part of servant leadership, but it is not clear how both are related. There is no evidence to examine whether humility is a component or an antecedent of servant leadership (Rego et al., 2017). In a similar fashion, we don’t know what impact servant leadership has on honesty-humility leadership. This study intends to fill this gap in the leadership literature by investigating the influence of servant leadership on honesty-humility leadership. Using Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory, this study will advance the literature by exploring the impact of servant leadership on honesty-humility theory of leadership and what influence their combined impact will have on organizational outcomes such as performance and customer orientation.
Exploring the Use of Robotic Process Automation in Local Government

: This paper presents an ongoing research project designed to map the current use of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in local government. The project runs over three years (2020-2022). The empirical foundation consists of multiple qualitative and interpretative case studies, conducted in close cooperation with practitioners working in a set of Swedish municipalities. The theoretical foundation rests on previous work on stakeholder management and public value creation in the e-government domain. Through this project we ultimately strive to develop an analytical tool that can be used by researchers and practitioners to decide if, and to what degree, a specific case handling process can (and should) be automated. In this paper, the background and overall design of the project is presented, together with a discussion on our preliminary and expected findings.
Forest land use discontinuity and northern red oak Quercus rubra introduction change biomass allocation and life strategy of lingonberry Vaccinium vitis-idaea

Background Multi-purpose use of forests in a sustainable way forces a recognition of how introduction of alien woody species in forests with different land use histories affect native plants other than trees. Lingonberry Vaccinium vitis-idaea is an important understory component of temperate and boreal forests and provider of valuable non-wood forest products. Here we studied effects of land use changes and introduction of Northern red oak Quercus rubra on lingonberry in mesic Scots pine forests (in central Poland). We measured lingonberry cover, height of shoots, biomass of stems and leaves, and fruit productivity. Shoots were collected within 200 research plots located in recent and ancient Scots pine forests, with and without Q. rubra . Results We found that V. vitis-idaea reached lower cover, aboveground biomass and fruit production in recent than ancient forests and in forests with than without Q. rubra . The fruit production in recent pine forest was only 2% of that reported in ancient pine forest, and V. vitis-idaea did not reproduce generatively in forests with Q. rubra . Biomass and carbon sequestration of V. vitis-idaea in forests with alien (invasive) trees decreased by 75% compared to ancient pine forest. Effects were also clear at the individual shoot level – in less suitable conditions we found taller heights and higher biomass allocation into stems than foliage. Biomass allocation in fruiting and non-fruiting shoots in pine forests was also different – less of the dry biomass of fruiting shoots was allocated to leaves than to stems. Conclusions In the age of high interest in ecosystem services and discussions about usage of alien tree species as alternatives in forest management, our results clearly indicate disruption of ecosystem services provided by V. vitis-idaea in the presence of Q. rubra . Lingonberry benefited from the continuity of forest land use, however, regardless of land-use legacy, alien tree introduction led to decline in abundance of species crucial for ecosystem functioning. Therefore, to maintain valuable native species and for conservation of ecosystem services delivery, we suggest limiting the introduction of Q. rubra in areas with abundant V. vitis-idaea , especially in forests with continuous forest land-use history.
In-Vitro Degradation and Cytotoxicity of Gelatin/Chitosan Microspheres for Drug Controlled Release

The composite microspheres based on gelatin (Gel) and chitosan (Cs) loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were fabricated using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinker. The in-vitro degradation behaviors of the Gel/Cs microspheres, including the changes of pH value, mass loss and microsphere morphology, were studied. The in-vitro cytotoxicites of Gel/Cs microspheres loaded and unloaded with 5-FU were carried out with MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The empty Gel/Cs microspheres showed a smooth surface and were evenly distributed; however, there was much aggregation observed for the microspheres loaded with 5-FU. The degradation results showed that the pH values of both PBS and PBS-lysozyme solutions increased with increasing degradation time but the increase of pH value of PBS-lysozyme solution was quicker than that of PBS solution. The aggregated Gel/Cs microspheres lose their shape and many fibers were found after 21 days in PBS solution; while the Gel/Cs microsphere disappeared in PBS-lysozyme solution. The mass loss of the Gel/Cs microspheres in PBS-lysozyme solution was larger than that of the Gel/Cs in PBS solution. The results indicated that lysozyme can accelerate the degradation of Gel/Cs microspheres. The cytotoxicity results showed that the cell viability decreased with increasing glutaraldehyde content for the empty Gel/Cs microspheres; however, the cell viability increased with increasing glutaraldehyde content for the Gel/Cs microspheres loaded with 5-FU. Therefore, the Gel/Cs microspheres can be offered as drug carrier candidates for long-term applications of anti-cancer drugs.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS SYMPTOMS IN TERM ANTENATAL WOMEN– A TERTIARY CARE CENTER EXPERIENCE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

BACKGROUND: COVID -19, a viral disease, has been declared pandemic. In a situation where there is no definitive treatment or vaccines for this contagious disease, anxiety exists among people all over country. Pregnant mothers being vulnerable population is also affected which in turn can affect the maternal and fetal outcome. Hence this study was undertaken to find the magnitude of depression, anxiety and stress among antenatal mothers at term. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional study involving antenatal women attending the Antenatal clinic at a tertiary care center. After getting approval from Institutional Review Board, the study was initiated. All term antenatal women who consented to take part in this study were included. Women diagnosed with known psychiatric illness and COVID-19 RTPCR positive were not included in this study. The women who consented to participate in this study were administered a semi-structured proforma with demographic details and the Standard Validated DASS-21 questionnaire available online. The method of sampling was convenient sampling. The results were entered in Microsoft Excel 2007 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Software (Version 19). RESULTS: The total number of respondents who participated in this study was 74. The age of the participants varied between 19 to 34 years, with a mean age of 25.2 years. 52.7% were primigravida and 47.3% were multigravida. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was found to be 44.6%, 40.5% and 37.8% respectively. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was found to be more in the age group between 21 and 25 years. There was no significance on comparing the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress with gravidity and level of education. CONCLUSION: The Sanchana et al (2020): Depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms during antenatal Dec, 2020 Vol. 23 Issue 23 Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health http://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2020. 232372 results of the present study suggest that there is an increase in prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among term antenatal mothers during COVID-19 pandemic when compared to other period. Hence, psychological counselling and treatment have to be included in the antenatal care to improve the maternal and fetal outcome.
The combined effect of superchilling and modified atmosphere packaging using CO2 emitter on quality during chilled storage of pre-rigor salmon fillets (Salmo salar).

BACKGROUND: Pre-rigor fillets of Atlantic salmon were either superchilled or chilled prior to packaging in air or in modified atmosphere (MAP, 60% CO2/40% N2) with a CO2 emitter, in 5.3 L high-density polyethylene trays with three to four layers of fillets (3.0–3.7 kg). All samples were stored at 0.1 °C for 28 days. RESULTS: Fillets stored in MAP had significantly lower bacterial growth compared to fillets stored in air, and MAP superchilled bottom fillets had lower bacterial counts compared to the corresponding chilled fillets. Samples superchilled prior to refrigerated storage in air had similar bacterial growth to ordinary chilled samples. Faster fillet softening during storage and higher liquid loss were observed in superchilled MAP samples. CONCLUSION: Combining short-term superchilling and MAP with a CO2 emitter prolonged the shelf-life of pre-rigor salmon fillets, which can improve sustainability throughout the value chain. The superchilling method needs to be optimized to avoid negative effects on texture and liquid loss. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
The comparison of the effect of innovative designed storing-restoring hybrid passive AFO versus posterior leaf spring AFO on ankle joint kinematic in drop foot patients: A case series using a single subject design

Background: Drop foot syndrome is a disorder characterized by foot slapping after the initial contact and foot-dragging during the swing phase. Passive and hybrid passive ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) are often prescribed in these patients; however, the effects of these AFO designs on kinematic parameters during gait are unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of innovative designed storing-restoring hybrid passive AFOs versus posterior leaf spring AFO on ankle joint kinematics in drop foot patients. Methods: The present study was a case series where a single case and 3 cases with drop foot syndrome were recruited. This study was designed in 2 phases: the baseline phase with their PLS AFOs and an intervention phase in which innovative designed AFO were assessed. Each phase included 5 measurement sessions which were performed in 5 consecutive weeks. The celeration line method was used to detect the significant differences between the phases. Results: The results of this study showed a significant increase in the kinematic angles parameters at the initial contact, the loading response, the mid stance, terminal stance, pre swing, initial swing, mid swing, and terminal swing with the innovative designed AFO than with PLS AFO (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that use of the innovative designed AFO may have a positive effect on ankle joint kinematics parameters in people with drop foot.
Complementary value of ECG and echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy for prediction of adverse outcomes in the general population

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objective: To investigate whether ECG left ventricular hypertrophy (ECG-LVH) has prognostic value independent of echocardiography LVH (Echo-LVH). Methods: Participants (N = 9744, mean age, 53.81 ± 10.49 years and 45.5% male) from the Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study were included. Associations between Echo-LVH (sex-specific left ventricular mass normalized to BSA) and ECG-LVH (diagnosed using the Cornell-voltage duration product) and adverse outcomes were evaluated using Cox regression. The value of ECG-LVH for predicting adverse events was evaluated by reclassification and discrimination analyses. Results: Median follow-up was 4.65 years; 563 participants developed incident stroke or coronary heart disease (CHD) and 402 died. Compared with participants without either condition, those with both Echo-LVH and ECG-LVH had a significantly increased risk of incident stroke or CHD (hazard ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.82–3.22) and mortality (2.58; 1.85–3.60). ECG-LVH remained an independent risk factors for both outcomes when ECG-LVH and Echo-LVH were included in the model as separate variables [incident stroke or CHD (1.43; 1.14–1.79); mortality (1.41; 1.08–1.84)]. Reclassification and discrimination analyses indicated ECG-LVH addition could improve the conventional model for predicting adverse outcomes within 4 years. These relationships persisted after excluding participants with cardiovascular disease history or taking antihypertension drugs or upon applying other ECG-LVH and Echo-LVH diagnostic criteria. Conclusion: Our study provides strong evidence that ECG-LVH is associated with adverse outcomes, independent of Echo-LVH. Clinically, ECG-LVH could be considered as a consequential factor, especially in those with Echo-LVH. These findings have potential clinical relevance for risk stratification.