Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BROMEGRASS AND ALFALFA ESTABLISHMENT WITH A WHEAT COMPANION CROP IN NORTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN

Yields of pure stands of alfalfa (Medicago media Pers.) and bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) established on summer fallow with and without a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) companion crop were compared at Melfort in three tests, each maintained for 4 yr. In two experiments out of three, yields over the 4-yr period were greater when the alfalfa or bromegrass was seeded alone; bromegrass produced more dry matter than alfalfa. Both forages produced much more dry matter in the seedling year when seeded without a cover crop, and this effect carried over into the first harvest year. In the second and third crop years, bromegrass seeded with wheat produced more dry matter than when seeded alone, whereas seeding method had no significant influence on alfalfa production. Seeding the wheat at 50 kg/ha, half the normal rate, did not improve forage establishment significantly, and made no consistent difference in the amount of grain produced. In all three experiments, soil fertility was high, and moisture was adequate.
A review of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae), with particular reference to growth, coccolith formation, and calcification-photosynthesis interactions

Abstract Emiliania huxleyi is numerically the most important coccolithophorid in the modern ocean and has been intensely studied in the contexts of biogeochemistry (especially relating to the global carbon cycle), plankton ecology, biomineralization, and cellular carbon transport. This paper reviews older as well as more recently acquired information on reproduction, morphology, ecophysiology, and cell physiology of E. huxleyi, emphasizing aspects that are relevant to coccolith formation and calcification–photosynthesis interactions. The existence of a number of ecotypes, which probably accounts for the wide distribution of this species in nature, complicates comparisons between laboratory studies in which different clones have been used. Coccolith formation is a strongly regulated process; use of mutants may be helpful in elucidating the control mechanisms involved. Conceptual models illustrating the role of calcification in photosynthetic carbon supply are supported by extensive experimental evidence, but the exact mechanisms of calcium and bicarbonate ion transport and of CO2 entry into the cell remain to be established.
O 6 -Methylguanine-DNA transmethylase activity in extracts of human gastric mucosa

In view of the possible involvement of N-nitroso compounds in the etiology of gastric carcinoma in man, we have examined the abilities of extracts of human gastric mucosa for the removal from DNA of O6-methylguanine, the primary precarcinogenic lesion induced in DNA by methylating carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds. We find that all 20 specimens examined (including 14 non-neoplastic and 6 neoplastic) possess significant activity, removing on average 0.73 +/- 0.06 (s.e.m.) pmol O6-methylguanine per mg protein in the extract. This activity, which has the characteristics of an O6-methylguanine-DNA-transmethylase, while exhibiting wide interindividual variations, shows no significant differences between the groups of normal and of neoplastic tissues or between the groups of non-neoplastic tissues obtained from individuals with benign or with malignant gastric disease. It is estimated that the average O6-methylguanine-removing capacity of the cells of normal gastric mucosa (calculated as 166 000 +/- 26 000 (s.e.m.) molecules per cell) greatly exceeds the extent of DNA damage likely to be caused by gastric-juice N-nitroso compounds.
Extrapair paternity in the blue tit (Parus caeruleus) : female choice, male charateristics, and offspring quality

Extrapair paternity is common in many birds, and it is now generally accepted that female choice plays an important role. However, die benefits that females obtain from extrapair paternity are much less dear. To test the hypothesis that females obtain indirect fitness benefits, we studied paternity in a blue tit population over 4 years. Extrapair paternity occurred in 31-47% of all nests and accounted for 11-14% of all offspring. Most males that fathered extrapair young did not lose paternity themselves, males never "exchanged" paternity, and within nests the extrapair offspring were usually fathered by a single male. Comparisons between males that did and did not lose paternity and pairwise comparisons between the extrapair male(s) and the withln-pair male showed that successful males had longer tarsi and sang on average longer strophes during the dawn chorus. Successful males weighed less (relative to their size) during the nettling stage, but neverthalen they survived better. Male age did not influence their likelihood of losing paternity, but extrapair males were usually older than the witbin-pair male they cuckolded. Within nests with mixed paternity, extrapair young were more likely to survive than within-pair young in cases of partial brood mortality. Our data also suggest that extrapair offspring were more likely to be males. Because extrapair males were usually close neighbors, male quality should be considered relative to the quality of the neighbors. Despite this, we found consistency in female choice over years. Our observations provide support for the hypothesis that female blue tits engage in extrapair copuladons to obtain good genes for their offspring.
Conflito entre acionistas, governança corporativa e valor da empresa: uma análise em empresas brasileiras

The objectives of this research were to analyze the relationship of shareholding concentration and corporate governance with the variable’s shareholder conflict and company value; and exploring the association between shareholder conflict and company value. For the creation of indicators for conflict between shareholders, share concentration and corporate governance, the analysis of main components was used. Through regression analysis with panel data, a significant and positive relationship of ownership concentration and conflict and a significant and negative relationship of corporate governance and conflict were verified. Additionally, through cluster analysis, it was observed that the sample used has an inverse relationship between conflict and company value. It is concluded that the improvement in the quality of corporate governance tends to reduce the possibility of conflict between shareholders. The study contributes to the governance literature in the Brazilian environment and its evidence can contribute to changes in the regulatory environment.
Workplace Conflict Management on Staff Performance in Ghana’s Tertiary Institutions: A Study of Bolgatanga Polytechnic, Ghana

The analysis which included the quantitative analysis aimed at assessing the main conflict management strategies that can influence the performance of staff in the Bolgatanga polytechnic. Using the quantitative research design and the stratified sampling technique, a sample of 105 respondents were selected for the study. Questionnaires were administered to the respondents to collect data on workplace conflict and performance of employees of the Bolgatanga Polytechnic. The SPSS (version 16.0) was used to process and analyzed the data and then presented in the form of means and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that communication was ranked as the highest workplace conflict factor fellows by rewards, resources and management practices. This implies that if the organization wants to increase its employee performance it must consider 100% improvement of communication, rewards, resources and management practices. The finding further revealed that there is a significant relation between employee performance and the workplace conflict (scare resource, management practices, & rewards). The study also confirmed that staff performance would increase by 49.8% if there is 100% improvement in thirty-party strategies within the organization. The study concludes that there are varieties of issues that influence staff performance within organization. Whereas most of these factors influence employees of the Bolgatanga polytechnic to improve performance; others did not motivate them to perform well on the job. Thus, whereas resources, management practice, communication and rewards by management serve as workplace conflict factors that influence staff performance within the polytechnic while other’s workplace strategies and communication as well as identification and fulfillment of needs do not influence them to give off their best on-the-job. A comparative analysis would further determine the target-country specific motivation and expectations of foreign students. By recommendation, the polytechnic management can consistently address the issues of incessant strikes by adopting alternative strategies in resolving the polytechnic conflicts as the usual remedies have not
Characteristics and features of clinical manifestations of primary hyperaldosteronism (literature review)

Introduction. Primary hyperaldosteronism as a cause of secondary arterial hypertension ranges from 4.6 to 13.0%, and among patients with refractory hypertension to medication therapy is about 20%. Meanwhile, its detectability among patients with arterial hypertension in centers of primary health care is from 6 to 13%, and in secondary care centers – from 23 to 30%. The high frequency of life-threatening cardiovascular complications dictates the need for early and timely diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in the stages of the primary and secondary units of medical care. In addition, studies conducted in German and Italian hospitals among general practitioners showed a low level of knowledge about primary hyperaldosteronism. Objective. To promote the knowledge of general practitioners about clinical symptoms and clinical features of primary hyperaldosteronism. Results. Therefore, the main task of the work is the systematization and dissemination of knowledge for general practitioners about the symptoms and peculiarities of the clinical course of primary hyperaldosteronism. Such signs as an inadequate response to hypotensive therapy of a combination of three drugs, a manifestation of arterial hypertension under the age of 30, a rapid increase in blood pressure even in the elderly and/or the loss of efficacy of antihypertensive therapy, apnea in dream are distinguished in its non-specific clinical picture, without indicating priority. In the literature, there are recommendations to separate classical and secondary clinical manifestations. Classical include arterial hypertension, hypokalemia, hypervolemia, metabolic alkalosis, and minor ones such as headache, retinopathy, neuromuscular symptoms (paresthesia’s, convulsions, general weakness), carbohydrate metabolism disorders, arrhythmias, early onset of hypertrophy and fibrosis of the heart muscle and smooth muscle vessels, hypokalemia and moderate hypernatremia. Conclusions. In the clinical course of the disease, the cardiovascular, neuromuscular, renal and metabolic syndromes are distinguished, or in combination of several of them, in each particular case, the primary hyperaldosteronism may appeared (or manifested).
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF A VARIANT t‐ALLELE IN A CONFINED POPULATION OF WILD HOUSE MICE

Variant alleles at one locus, T, have been found in many populations of wild house mice (Dunn and Suckling, 1956; Dunn, 1957b), but reliable estimates of gene frequency have not been obtained since most of the population samples tested have been small. One such population, breeding in confinement, has now been tested over a period of 7/2 years, and a reliable estimate obtained of the frequency in it of one t-allele for which it is polymorphic. Since the allele is favored by high transmission ratio from male heterozygotes, and is subject to strong negative selection because of the sterility of males homozygous for it, the results are of interest in the study of evolutionary forces which influence the equilibrium frequencies of such genes (Dunn, 1957a). The wild population tested is that maintained since 1944 by Dr. Howard A. Schneider at the Rockefeller Institute, New York City. The origin and maintenance of this population have been described by Dr.
Genetic Structure of Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) Populations in Anatolia: A Stable Rear Edge Population

ABSTRACT Anatolian populations inhabit the southern latitudinal margin of species distribution ranges and therefore may be considered as “rear edge” populations. The genetic structures of such populations have critical importance in species responses to climatic change and are essential for long-term conservation genetics. Here, the genetic structure of Chorthippus parallelus (Zetterstedt) (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) populations in one of the main southern glacial refugium is investigated. Ten populations of C. parallelus from Anatolia have been studied by investigating single-copy nuclear DNA (Cpnl-1) fragment using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism methods. The level of allelic number was high (total of 20 alleles in the locus, of which 11 were unique), but the level of gene flow among populations seemed to be low (FIS = 0.090). However, most populations were genetically diverse (HE > 0.5, A = 6.211, and ne = 5.774). The level of genetic differentiation among populations was high (FST = 0.330). No statistically significant correlation between genetic diversity and spatial distribution was observed. The analysis of molecular variation analysis indicated that a large proportion of genetic variation was due to differentiation among individuals within populations. Genetic drift was a more likely cause of differentiation among populations rather than geographical distance. These results suggest that a presence of a “stable rear edge” population in contrary to the center-periphery model.
The Drivers of Rural Accommodation Development in Romania: A Preliminary Study

Modern rural tourism is an umbrella concept, including a wide range of (niche) type tourism related to the countryside/rural areas. The central attractions of rural tourism are induced by the closeness to nature and new cultural experiences related to (local) history and intangible heritage. The interest for a rural destination being increased by an environment considered appealing from natural and aesthetic viewpoints, allowing for various forms of recreation. This preliminary study answers the following question: Which are the drivers of the accommodation development in rural areas in Romania? taking into consideration only the potential tourist attractions that could be identified based on official records (e.g. historic monuments, the status of resort for a given locality, the registered vineyards, the two rankings from 2008 and 2012). The overall conclusion of the study is that the potential tourist attractions have a relatively small influence on the development of Romanian rural lodgings. Therefore, more factors should be added in order to understand accommodation development in rural areas in Romania.
Plant density effects on growth, yield and yield components of two soybean varieties under equidistant planting arrangement

Optimum plant density of soybean varies with geographic location and variety. The present study was undertaken with a view to optimize plant density of two soybean varieties using equidistant planting patter to obtain higher yield. The experiments were conducted in three consecutive seasons viz., Rabi 2004-05, Kharif 2005 and Rabi 2005-06 at Mymensingh, Bangladesh with two soybean varieties G-2 and PB-1 and six plant densities viz., 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 plants m-2 established using an equidistant planting pattern of 22.4×22.4 cm, 15.8×15.8 cm, 12.9×12.9 cm, 10.0× 10.0 cm and 9.1× 9.1 cm, respectively. Seed yield increased with increase of plant density up to 80 to 100 plants m-2 depending on variety and season. The increase in plant density decreased yield components such as number of pods plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 100-seed weight as well as seed yield plant-1. The soybean seed yield was positively correlated with total dry matter and leaf area index. The present study concludes that the highest soybean yield could be possible with a plant density of 80-100 plants m-2 depending upon variety, season and related agronomic management options.
Exploitation of Heterosis and Combining ability for Yield and its Contributing traits in Crosses of Two-row and Six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Rainfed Environment.

Combining ability for grain yield and its components in barley was studied in a set of four females (Testers 6 rowed), six males (lines 2 rowed) and their resultant F1’s with standard check k-603. Twenty two crosses, excluding BCU -4925 x K-603 and BCU-4922 x Karan-16, showed significant positive economic heterosis for grain yield per plant. Analysis for variance for combining ability analysis revealed that the variance due to General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combing Ability (SCA) were highly significant for most of the traits studied. The estimated value of σ2A was higher than its σ2D for plant height and thousand seed weight which indicated the predominance of additive gene action as the ratio of σ2A/σ2D was more than unity, while rest of the traits showed preponderance of non-additive gene action. The value of average degree of dominance for plant height and thousand seed weight indicated partial dominance while rest of the traits viz., chlorophyll content, spike length, awn length, number of effective tillers, number of grains per spike, harvest index and grain yield per plant showed over-dominance. Two male parents (BCU-4925 and BCU-4927) and one male parent (Lakhan) had significant and positive effect for grain yield per plant. Five crosses were found to be good specific combiners for grain yield with maximum SCA effect in cross BCU-4922 x Lakhan.
A New Anole from the Northern Slope of the Sierra Maestra in Eastern Cuba (Squamata: Iguanidae)

-A new species of anole is described from a region of wet limestone forest in the province of Santiago de Cuba in eastern Cuba. It is sympatric with its close relative Anolis isolepis and differs from that taxon in scalation and coloration. Variation in the two subspecies of A. isolepis is reconsidered, and they are here regarded as separate species. These three small species with short limbs, a relatively flat head, striate head scales, and green coloration in the light phase are placed in the isolepis group of the carolinensis series. At least 14 and as many as 20 species of Anolis are sympatric in this region of eastern Cuba. RESUMEN. -Se describe una nueva especie de Anolis de los Bosques humedos de 'diente perro" de la provincia de Santiago de Cuba en la region oriental. Esta especie es simpatrida con la formaafin Anolis isolepis, differenciandose de este taxon en escamacion y coloraci6n. Se reconsidera la variaci6n entre las dos subspecies de A. isolepis considerandon a ambas formas como especies differentes. Estas tres especies de miembros cortos, de cabeza relativamente plana, con sus escamas estriadas, y coloraci6n verdosa en la fase clara, son consideradas bajo el grupo isolepis de la serie carolinensis. No menos de 14, y posiblemente 20 especies de Anolis son simpatridas en la region oriental de Cuba. , i ia s a e tiles
The evolution of lactic acid bacteria community during the development of mature sourdough

In order to follow the composition and changes in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population of rye flour sourdough that was continuously propagated by a repeated inoculation, sixty-two strains of LAB were isolated and characterized. The LAB were the only bacteria detected, both at the end of the second propagation step and in the stage of mature sourdough (after two weeks of continuous daily refreshment). The stable ecological system in rye sourdough could be established from the second propagation step onward. The predominant genera of LAB during the development of sourdough were lactobacilli, which were grouped in eight clusters. Heterofermentative lactobacilli were in majority in both propagation step two and a mature sourdough participating 56% and 70% of total bacterial count, respectively. The identification based on a phenotypic characterization that was carried out by using a set of 36 tests, showed that the lactobacilli contained in the two sourdough steps did not clearly belong to any known species of the genus Lactobacillus. In addition, the structure of the bacterial population were monitored by two statistical techniques (Hierachical Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis), being applied to phenotypical characteristics of the isolates.
Effects of size, shape, and edge on vegetation in remnants of the upland boreal mixed-wood forest in agro-environments of Alberta, Canada

Forty-one remnants of the aspen-dominated upland forest in three subregions of the dry boreal mixed-wood in Alberta were studied to determine effects of fragment size and shape on native and alien plant species richness and abundance in agro-environments. The percent cover of all vascular plant species was visually estimated in 5 m diameter circular plots along transects that covered the length and the width of each fragment. A subset of 12 of the largest fragments (>900 m2) that had distinct interiors (portions of the fragment >15 m from any edge) was used to measure edge effects on the vegetation. Regression analyses revealed significant positive relationships between species richness and area regardless of the subregion. Species richness stabilized in fragments that were larger than 11 ha. Edges did not affect shrub species richness and only affected herbaceous species richness on west- and south-facing aspects. Shrub abundance decreased and herb abundance increased up to 20 m from the edges regardless.