Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A scientometric review of research trends in computer-assisted language learning (1977 – 2020)

Abstract This study sought to examine research trends in computer-assisted language learning (CALL) using a retrospective scientometric approach. Scopus was used to search for relevant publications on the topic and generate a dataset consisting of 3,697 studies published in 11 journals between 1977 and 2020. A document co-citation analysis method was adopted to identify the main research clusters in the dataset. The impact of each publication on the field was measured by using the burst index and the betweenness centrality and the content of influential publications was closely analysed to determine the focus of each cluster and the key themes of the studies in focus. Overall, we identified seven major clusters. We further found that leveraging synchronous computer-mediated communication and negotiated interaction, multimedia, telecollaboration or e-mail exchanges, blogs, digital games, Wikis and podcasts to support language learning was probably beneficial for language learning. Varying degrees of support were found in various studies for each of these technologies. Stronger support was found for synchronous computer-mediated communication and negotiated interaction, multimedia, telecollaboration or e-mail exchanges and digital games and weaker support was found for blogs, Wikis, and podcasts. The limitations the supporting studies listed were also considered inconsequential. On the other hand, while there was strong support for blogs, Wikis and podcasts, some major drawbacks were observed. The findings of the study would be helpful for teachers and instructors who want to decide whether to use technology in the classroom for instructional purposes. Additionally, researchers and graduate students who need to identify a research topic for their thesis or dissertation may find the results of the study useful for them, too.
Assessment of the Infections and Use of Antibiotics in Pregnancy among the Pregnant Women Reported at Gynae Opd Civil Hospital Khairpur Mirs Pakistan

Introduction: Pregnancy presents uncommon issues regarding anti-infection treatment. A significant concern is the conceivable teratogenic or harmful impact on the fetus. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess the infections and use of antibiotics in pregnancy among the pregnant women reported at Gynae OPD Civil Hospital Khairpur Mirs Pakistan. Original Research Article Pathan et al.; JPRI, 33(16): 69-75, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 67104 70 Methodology: This was an observational cross-section study conducted at Gynae OPD Civil Hospital Khairpur Mirs Pakistan from July 2020 to January 2021. A total of 400 sample size was calculated by using Slovin’s Formula. Data were collected by purposive sampling technique. Finally, collected data were analyzed by using a statistical package for social science (SPSS) software version 24. Results: Results reported commonly prescribed antibiotics during the pregnancy in which Phenoxymethylpenicillin was most commonly prescribed i.e. 31% and it was indicated for Maxillary sinusitis 40% and Acute tonsillitis 74%. The infections which were diagnosed during pregnancy among which vaginal candidiasis was high 117 (29.2%). Common antibiotics duration of treatment was observed in which penicillin frequency for 8-10 days was high 39 (9.7%). Common prescribed antibiotic dosages during pregnancy were observed in which the frequency of penicillin's recommended dose was high at 80 (20%). Antibiotics timing during pregnancy was observed in which Metronidazole+Tinidazole were mostly used during II trimester. Conclusion: The antibiotics use in Khairpur Mirs is very high. The dosage regiment should be properly monitored, according to the pharmacokinetic data of particular antibiotics during the pregnancy.
Computing geographical access to services: The design of a client–server solution that incorporates multiple transport modes

This study describes the design and implementation of a web‐based infrastructure built on open‐source components to enable the computation of accessibility scores. It can be adapted to any form of service provision that is represented as geo‐located points. The solution aims to extend previous attempts to measure and analyse geographical accessibility in a web‐based environment. This design integrates a new approach for generating the variables required in calculating accessibility scores, while allowing the whole system to potentially remain as an open‐source and open‐data solution. The design allows accessibility scores to be computed using simultaneously both public and private transport modes, thus presenting a more accurate assessment than that obtained from standard single‐mode solutions. The infrastructure is described through a consideration of each fundamental component, demonstrating how travel distances and alternative journeys are generated and applied to the accessibility model. Results produced by the solution enable the comparison of accessibility scores generated from alternative modes of transport and are illustrated using a case study to investigate access to sports facilities in Wales. This demonstrates how the system can be used to guide further investment and the future management of service infrastructure.
Spatial and temporal variability of cv. Tempranillo response within the Toro DO (Spain) and projected changes under climate change

This work aimed to analyse the spatial and temporal variability of the response of Tempranillo variety within the Toro Designation of Origin (DO) and the potential changes under climate change scenarios. The research included the analysis of phenology (bud break, bloom, veraison and maturity) and grape composition at harvest recorded in plots located at seven locations in the DO, at elevations between 667 and 779 m above the sea level (a.s.l.). Changes in phenology and composition were projected for 2050 and 2070 under two emission scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), considering the predicted changes in climate variables using an ensemble of models. Variations in the phenological timing of up to 28 days for bud break, bloom and veraison and up to 30 days for maturity were recorded during the period analysed and titratable acidity varied between 4 and 8 gL-1. The variability in phenology and grape acidity was mainly driven by temperature and available water in different periods between phenological stages, although the effect of soil properties was also confirmed. Under warmer conditions, an advance of all phenological phases was projected (up to 6, 6, 8 and 12 days by 2050 under the RCP4.5 scenario and near double under the RCP8.5 scenario). In addition, a decrease in titratable acidity is projected (about 1.1 and 1.4 gL-1 by 2050, respectively, under the RCP4.5 and the RCP8.5 scenario and up to 2.0 gL-1 by 2070 under the warmest scenario). The results were in agreement with the variability observed in years with contrasting weather conditions.
Exploring the impact of wiki-mediated collaborative writing on EFL students’ writing performance, writing self-regulation, and writing self-efficacy: a mixed methods study

Abstract This study adopted a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach and followed the Vygotskian social-constructivist theory of learning to explore the impact of wiki-mediated collaborative writing on English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ writing performance, writing self-regulation, and writing self-efficacy. To this aim, two intact classes were selected and randomly assigned to experimental group with 35 EFL students and control group with 32 EFL students. Over the period of one term (almost 12 ninety-minute sessions), the students were aimed to co-construct and improve their writing performance, writing self-regulation, and writing self-efficacy through collaborative writing activities. In the experimental group, the EFL students received wiki-mediated collaborative writing instruction, while in the control group the EFL students experienced face-to-face (non-wiki) collaborative writing instruction. Two timed writing tasks, second language writing self-regulation and writing self-efficacy scales, and an individual semi-structured interview were conducted to collect the required data. Additionally, the types and frequencies of the students’ writing mediations in the wiki-mediated collaborative writing group were identified. The quantitative data were analysed using paired samples t-tests and one-way ANCOVA, and language-related episodes and thematic analyses were applied to analyse the qualitative data. The quantitative data analyses indicated that both wiki-mediated and non-wiki collaborative writing instructions improved the writing performance, writing self-regulation, and writing self-efficacy of the EFL students. The quantitative data analyses also showed that the EFL students in wiki-mediated collaborative writing group outperformed those in the non-wiki collaborative writing group. The qualitative data analyses uncovered a number of peer writing mediations contributing to the EFL students’ writing content (i.e. clarity of the produced message), writing organisation (i.e. sequencing of information), and language use (i.e. grammar, lexicon, & writing mechanics) in the wiki space. The qualitative data analyses further indicated the EFL students’ positive attitudes and perceptions towards wiki-mediated collaborative writing. Pedagogical implications are further discussed.
Exsolution in metamorphosed chromite from the Red Lodge District, Montana

Three textural types of exsolved chromites. Type A grains consist of an Al-rich host that contains blebs and rare smaller lamellae of an Fe-rich guest; type B grains have an Fe-rich host that contains blebs and dense networks of lamellae of an Al-rich guest; type C grains contain a very fine intergrowth of Al- and Fe-rich lamellae. Miscibility gap in the spinel prism is tunnel-shaped and extends from the Fe 3 O 4 -FeAl 2 O 4 -FeCr 2 O 4 face to the MgFe 2 O 4 -MgAl 2 O 4 -MgCr 2 O 4 face. If exsolution began at or near the peak temperature of regional metamorphism in the eastern Beartooth Mountains, the temperature of unmixing was near 600 degrees C. --Modified journal abstract.
The Evolution of Resource-Based Inquiry: A Review and Meta-Analytic Integration of the Strategic Resources–Actions–Performance Pathway

Understanding why some firms outperform others is central to strategy research. The resource-based view (RBV) suggests that competitive advantages arise due to possessing strategic resources (i.e., assets that are valuable, rare, nonsubstitutable, and inimitable), and researchers have extended this logic to explain performance differences. However, RBV is relatively silent about the actions managers could use to create or capitalize on a resource-based advantage. Enriching RBV, the resource orchestration framework describes specific managerial actions that use such resources to realize performance gains. After reviewing the conceptual evolution of these two literature streams as well as related streams, we use meta-analytic structural equation modeling to aggregate evidence from 255 samples involving 111,614 observations to answer outstanding research questions regarding the strategic resources–actions–performance pathway. The results show strong complementarity and interdependence between their logics. Additional inquiry drawing on their complementarity is a clear path toward enhancing scholars’ understanding of how and why some firms outperform others. We build on our findings to lay a foundation for such inquiry, including a call for theorizing centered on the interdependence of resources and actions, as well as new theoretical terrain that can help resource-based inquiry continue to evolve.
Influence on organic inorganic hybrid (mullite) fibre on mechanical, thermo-mechanical and morphological properties of TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites

ABSTRACT The objective of the present work is to synthesise N,N’-tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) epoxy resin via 4,4ʹ-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) and epichlorohydrin in order to obtain tetra-functional epoxy with improved properties. The molecular structure of TGDDM epoxy resin was confirmed from fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral data. Theamine functionalised mullite fibre (F-MF) was synthesised through using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a coupling agent to prepare amino groups on the surface mullite fibreand its structure confirmed with FTIR. The TGDDM epoxy resin was reinforced with variant weight percentages (1–3 wt%) of F-MF nanocomposite was cured with DDM. The morphology of TGDDM and nanocomposites was examined using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). We observed improvement in properties of thermal, thermo-mechanical, mechanical, di-electric constant and water absorption behaviour of TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites.
Effect of Sulphide on Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal

The enhanced biological removal of phosphorus (EBPR) is a popular process due to high removal efficiency, low operational costs, and the possibility of phosphorus recovery. Nevertheless, the stability of the EBPR depends on different factors such as: temperature, pH, and the presence of toxic compounds. While extensive studies have researched the effects of temperature and pH on EBPR systems, little is known about the effects of different toxic compounds on EBPR. For example, sulphide has shown to inhibit different microbial activities in the WWTP, but the knowledge about its effects on EBPR is limited. Whereas the sulphide generated in the sewage can cause a shock effecton EBPR, the continuously exposure to sulphide potentially generated in WWTP can cause the acclimatization and adaptation of the biomass.This research suggests that sulphate reducing bacteria can proliferate in WWTP, as they are reversibly inhibited by the recirculation of sludge through anaerobic-anoxic-oxic conditions. The research enhances the understanding of the effect of sulphide on the anaerobic-oxic metabolism of PAO. It suggests that the filamentous bacteria Thiothrix caldifontis could play an important role in the biological removal of phosphorus. It questions the ability of PAO to generate energy from nitrate respiration and its use for the anoxic phosphorus uptake. Thus, the results obtained in this research can be used to understand the stability of the EBPR process under anaerobic-anoxic-oxic conditions, especially when exposed to the presence of sulphide.
Early Loading of Titanium Dental Implants with Hydroxyl Ion Modified Surface: A 12-Month Prospective Clinical Trial

(1) Background: implant surface topology and active hydrophilic ions could have some benefit on implant osteointegration and stability; (2) methods: 40 adult patients, suffering from a single missing tooth in the aesthetic zone, were enrolled in the study. Each patient had a single titanium implant (Thommen SPI®lement) inserted. The implant surface was obtained through conditioning using the Apliquiq system. Patients were divided into two equal groups depending on the implant’s diameter (3.5 and 4.0 mm). Each implant was loaded within four weeks. Stability levels, using the Ostell device, were checked immediately after implant placement and in four weeks; additionally, marginal bone loss (MBL) was calculated based on 12 months; (3) results: all implants survived the study. The average primary stability achieved for both groups was initially 71.59 ISQ (±4.04) and declined to 69.94 ISQ (±3.29) in four weeks. The average MBL was 0.2 mm (±0.88). There were no statistically important differences between groups. There was a positive correlation between the patient’s age and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values; (4) conclusions: hydrophilic surface implants can be used in a protocol for early functional occlusal loading. Higher values of primary stability positively influence the values of secondary stability, and the age of the patient affects the values of implant stability.
A comparison of how prostate volume obtained using transabominal ultrasound differs to volume obtained using transrectal ultrasound approach

Ultrasound is a widely used method for examination of the prostate. This retrospective study compared the prostate volume obtained using transabdominal (TA) ultrasound to the volume of transrectal (TRUS) ultrasound. Over a three year period 42 patients had the volume of the prostate measured using both TA and TRUS methods. Sixteen different sonographers performed the TA measurements and three radiologists the TRUS measurement. Sixty‐six percentage of TRUS and 78% of TA measurements were classed as grade 3 prostatomegaly according to the volume obtained. TA measurements were larger than the TRUS measurement in 57% of cases. The findings in this study suggest that TA and TRUS cannot be used interchangeably.
Studies of physicochemical characteristics of organoclay with carboxydecyltriethylammonium chloride ion

ABSTRACT This study used the soil representative of Taitung in Taiwan, Santai (St) series soil, as the catalyst carrier and exchanged arboxydecyltriethylammonium chloride (CDTEA) onto it through ion exchange, forming nano-level St-CDTEA organoclay via surface modification and high-temperature sintering. The physical and chemical properties of the St-CDTEA organoclay were then studied via a series of physical and chemical experiments. First, an analysis of the basic properties of St series soil shows that it does not have a high organic matter content because it is affected by either rainfall erosion or intensive farming, which causes a decrease in organic matter after it is consumed or lost. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis suggests that compared with the unmodified St series soil, C-H bonds are found between 2900 cm-1 and 2850 cm-1 and COOH bond around 1750 cm-1 in St-CDTEA organoclay. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analysis shows the formation of a crystal structure on the surface of the St-CDTEA organoclay because St series soil contains a larger amount of smectite and the structure of the St-CDTEA organoclay absorbs a significant amount of CDTEA molecules (the molecular structure of CDTEA contains three ethyls) after high-temperature sintering.
First-mover Disadvantage: The Sovereign Ratings Mousetrap

Using 102 sovereigns rated by the three largest credit rating agencies (CRA), S&P, Moody’s and Fitch between January 2000 and January 2019, we are the first to document that the first- mover CRA (S&P) in downgrades falls into a commercial trap. Namely, each sovereign downgrade by one notch by the first-mover CRA (S&P) results in 2.4% increase in the probability of a rating contract being cancelled by the sovereign client. The more downgrades S&P makes in a given month, the more their sovereign rating coverage falls relative to Moody’s. Our results are more pronounced for downgrades on small sovereign borrowers than on large sovereign borrowers. This paper explores the interaction between three themes of the literature: herding behaviour amongst CRAs, issues of conflict of interest and ratings quality.
Higher Biochar Rate Can Be Efficient in Reducing Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrification in the Excessive Compost-Fertilized Soils

The effects of a high biochar rate on soil carbon mineralization, when co-applied with excessive compost, have been reported in previous studies, but there is a dearth of studies focusing on soil nitrogen. In order to ascertain the positive or snegative effects of a higher biochar rate on excessive compost, compost (5 wt. %) and three slow pyrolysis (>700 °C) biochars (formosan ash (Fraxinus formosana Hayata), ash biochar; makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makino Hayata), bamboo biochar; and lead tree (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de. Wit), lead tree biochar) were applied (0, 2 and 5 wt. %) to three soils (one Oxisols and two Inceptisols). Destructive sampling occurred at 1, 3, 7, 28, 56, 84, 140, 196, 294, and 400 days to monitor for changes in soil chemistry. The overall results showed that, compared to the other rates, the 5% biochar application rate significantly reduced the concentrations of inorganic N (NO3−-N + NH4+-N) in the following, decreasing order: lead tree biochar > bamboo biochar > ash biochar. The soil response in terms of ammonium and nitrate followed a similar declining trend in the three soils throughout the incubation periods, with this effect increasing in tandem with the biochar application rate. Over time, the soil NO3−-N increased, probably due to the excessive compost N mineralization; however, the levels of soil NO3−-N in the sample undergoing the 5% biochar application rate remained the lowest, to a significant degree. The soils’ original properties determined the degree of ammonium and nitrate reduction after biochar addition. To reduce soil NO3−-N pollution and increase the efficiency of compost fertilizer use, a high rate of biochar application (especially with that pyrolyzed at high temperatures (>700 °C)) to excessively compost-fertilized soils is highly recommended.
Large-eddy simulation of flow past a circular cylinder for Reynolds numbers 400 to 3900

The benchmarking case of flow past a circular cylinder at the Reynolds number (Re) of 3900 is computed with two open-source codes, OpenFOAM and Nektar++, which are based on the conventional finite volume method (FVM) and the high-order spectral/hp element method, respectively. By using the Nektar++ model, mesh convergence for the case Re = 3900 is demonstrated (perhaps for the first time) through a systematic mesh dependence study, which includes separate examinations of the spanwise domain length (Lz/D), spanwise resolution, and the resolution in the plane perpendicular to the spanwise direction. The computational efficiencies for the Nektar++ and OpenFOAM approaches are then compared. This benchmarking study adds value to the broad Nektar++ and OpenFOAM communities and to the numerical modeling of bluff-body flows in general. Based on the Nektar++ approach, the computations are then generalized to a range of Re = 400–3900. It is found that Lz/D = 3 is adequate for Re = 2500–3900, while an increased Lz/D = 6 is recommended for Re = 400–2000. Based on the present high-fidelity numerical data, the physical mechanisms for the variations in the wake recirculation length and the hydrodynamic forces and pressure on the cylinder with Re are explored. In particular, the physics behind the inverse correlation between the root mean square lift coefficient (CL′) and the wake recirculation length, which includes a significant decrease in CL′ over Re = 270–1500, is highlighted.