Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Private and Public Incentives for Hospitals to Improve the Quality and Reduce the Cost of Care

The U.S. Needs a Hospital Quality-Cost Comparison Tool Improving the quality of care while reducing spending is one of the few healthcare goals that enjoys near universal bipartisan political support. Hospitals account for over one third of all U.S. healthcare spending. [1] Yet a large percentage, over 50 percent by some estimates, of hospital spending growth results from price increases unrelated to the quality of the care provided and from wasted spending. [2, 3] The challenge, then, is to provide proper incentives for hospitals to improve quality and reduce costs. [4–10]
Influence of Historical Memory on the Dynamics of Social Tension

The article considers the influence of historical memory on the change of social tension. It is assumed that the memory is fixed on significant events in the past, which can be associated with current events. In case of conflict, the influence of negative historical memory can lead to its intensification, and significantly accelerate its escalation. Negative historical memory, due to legitimation of power, can cause a revolutionary situation. At the same time, a lack of memory of crises, similar to the current one, or a positive historical memory can lead to a conflict decline. The paper modifies the dynamic model of social tension of two interacting social groups: elites and the general public, taking into account the impact of changes in the economic situation and the impact of another social group. Modification of the model is that the exposure perception intensity of one social group regarding the state of the other one depends on historical memory. We revealed that such inclusion of historical memory in the model could have a significant impact on the simulation results, in particular, to explain why the stabilization or destabilization of the social system occurs under the same initial conditions. The cause of destabilization is the strengthening of positive feedback between the tensions of interacting social groups, caused by negative historical memory. It is shown thatconsideration of memory influence concerning the events of 1905 allows making a satisfactory model of the social tension change during the revolution of 1917.
ePubWU Institutional Repository

This paper develops a spatial theoretical growth model in order to study the impact of physical and human capital relocations on the growth of open economies. Analytical and simulation results show how the respective neighbours determine an economy’s development, why convergence and divergence may alternate in the medium-run, and that interregional migration as a consequence of wage inequalities causes disparities to prevail in the long-run. The empirical part applies spatial econometric specifications for European regions on the NUTS2 level for the observation period 20002010. The estimations underline the importance of human capital endowments and its relation with spatial location.
Prospects of assessing the impact of external student migration on restoring country's intellectual potential (the case study of Ukraine)

DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.201/12-3/14 ABSTRACT. Our paper suggests a new approach to assessment of external student migration consequences. While considering the socioeconomic impact of youth intellectual potential on economic and human development, we have used the regression method for forecasting the most obvious indicators of the country’s intellectual capability losses. These include the following: the ratio of students (or university staff as a connected indicator) and total population, economically active and employed population. All of the estimated data include projected losses of talented students due to their studying abroad. We have employed the data of Ukraine as an origin country to emphasize that intellectual migration can cause significant destructive consequences for national competitiveness. In particular, we have indicated the point at the double decrease of all indicators of the intellectual potential losses. In general, it is possible to achieve different types of indicators in 16–20 years. In conclusion, we argue that passive policy with regard to external student migration can lead to disastrous effects for national competitiveness from the perspective of innovation and development, which are driven by talents.
aN aNaLYsIs ON custOMeR satIsfactION, tRust aNd LOYaLtY

In reference to the results of national research conducted by the Association of Internet Service Providers Indonesia (APJII) in cooperation with PusKaKom UI, the number of internet users (88.1 million) and its penetration (34.9%) in Indonesia has gradually increased. Also, the research identifies the issues of satisfaction, trust and loyalty in online shopping. The presence of actors in e-commerce business benefits the customers to personally choose the site to shop. The strategies to keep customer satisfaction trust and loyalty on one site challenge the actors in the business. In this regard, this paper examines customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty in online shopping in reference to the Quality User Interface (UIQ), Information Quality (IQ), Perceived Security Risk (PSR) and Perceived Privacy (PP) variables with case studies On Tokopedia.com. The study was conducted with 211 respondents by using self-administrated questionnaires in Survey Monkey platform in Jakarta and Bogor. The data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Thus, the results show that the variables of UIQ, IQ, PSR and PP have an influence on satisfaction and trust. The variable of satisfaction has an influence on trust. However, these variables have no direct influence on loyalty.
The Relationship Between Human Capital, Productivity and Market

This paper investigates and evaluates the direct and indirect contribution of human capital to business productivity and shareholder value. The impact of human capital may occur in two ways: the specific knowledge of workers at businesses may directly increase business performance, or a skilled workforce may also indirectly act as a complement to improved technologies, business models or organizational practices. Our general approach is to use newly created firm level measures of workforce human capital and productivity, and to then examine links between those measures and market value. The new human capital measures come from an integrated employer-employee dataset being developed at the US Census Bureau. We link these data to financial information from Compustat at the firm level, which provides measures of market value and tangible assets. The combination of these two sources permits examination of the link between human capital, productivity, and market value.
THE TRANSMISSIBILITY OF STABLE ABERRATIONS

An important requirement for using chromosomal aberration analysis for biological dosimetry is that the aberration yield, as observed in blood T-lymphocytes has not decreased significantly between the time of irradiation and blood sampling. The most common using chromosomal aberration for biological dosimetry is dicentrics are referred to as unstable aberrations in the sense that their frequencies decline with time and so the biological indicator of damage declines. The half-life of this loss is sometimes suggested to be about 3 years, but there is clear evidence that decrease in dicentric yield is much more rapid after a high dose. The translocations are referred as stable aberrations however have a greater likelihood of successfully negotiating mitosis and passing into viable daughter cells. It is for this reason that translocations are recommended as the aberration of choice for retrospective biological dosimetry in situations where irradiation has been protracted over long periods or a long time has elapsed before blood sampling. Although the translocations are accepted as stable aberrations, it has been showed that the translocation frequency decreases period of time. In this paper, in order to understand the suitability of the translocations for using retrospective studies, the results of the different laboratories on the transmissibility of the stable type of radiation-induced aberrations in lymphocytes has been summarized.
Experimental evidences for bifurcation angles control on abandoned channel fill geometry

The nature of abandoned channels’ sedimentary fills has a significant influence on the development and evolution of floodplains and ultimately on fluvial reservoir geometry. A control of bifurcation geometry (i.e., bifurcation angle) on channel abandonment dynamics and resulting channel fills, such as sand plugs, has been intuited many times but never quantified. In this study, we present a series of experiments focusing on bedload transport designed to test the conditions for channel abandonment by modifying the bifurcation angle between channels, the flow incidence angles and the differential channel bottom slopes. We find that disconnection is possible in the case of asymmetrical bifurcations with high diversion angle (≥ 30) and quantify for the first time an inverse relationship between diversion angle and sand plug length and volume. The resulting sand plug formation is initiated in the flow separation zone at the external bank of the mouth of the diverted channel. Sedimentation in this zone induces a feedback loop leading to sand plug growth, discharge decrease and eventually to channel disconnection. Finally, the formation processes and final complex architecture of sand plugs are described, allowing for a better understanding of their geometry. Although our setup lacks some of the complexity of natural rivers, our results seem to apply at larger scales. Taken into account, these new data will improve fluvial (reservoir) models by incorporating more realistic topography and grain size description in abandoned channels.
An Integrated Model of Ethical Capital and Relational Wealth of the Firm

Key sources of competitive advantage for a firm include its various forms of relational wealth. These intangible relational assets exist because of a firm’s relationship with a given stakeholder. We argue that stakeholder perceptions of the morality of a firm can have substantive positive or negative effects on that firm’s relational wealth. Previous research has suggested links between perceptions of the morality of a firm held by stakeholders such as employees, strategic alliance partners, customers, and communities and the relevant relational wealth held by the firm in relation to those stakeholders. However, a comprehensive model and composite measure of these ethical perceptions and their relationship with relational wealth does not exist in the academic literature. The lack of such a model and measure impedes academic research on the link between ethics and competitive advantage and also limits the extent to which these important antecedents of relational wealth are considered in firm valuation and investment decision making. Ethical capital is the collection of stakeholder perceptions relating to a firm’s underlying moral character which can be converted into relational wealth. We propose an integrative, general model of ethical capital of the firm in which positive stakeholder perceptions of the moral character of a firm lead to high value behaviors while negative perceptions lead to value reducing behaviors. We differentiate our conceptualization from existing constructs, namely reputation capital and social capital. We describe ethical capital with employees, strategic alliance partners, consumers, and communities. We then conclude by outlining a plan for operationalization of ethical capital across stakeholders in light of our model.
Costly Signals: Voter Responses to Parliamentary Dissent in Austria, Britain, and Germany

When Members of Parliament (MPs) disagree publicly with their party, this provides a signal to voters regarding both their political views and their character valence. We argue that the strength of this signal to voters depends on the personal career costs an MP incurs by dissenting. The greater the perceived costs of dissent to the MP, the more positively voters should react to dissent. In line with this theory, we use a series of conjoint analysis experiments in Britain, Germany, and Austria to show that: (1) dissent has a more positive effect on voter evaluations in systems where the costs of dissent are higher, and (2) more costly types of dissent have a greater impact on voter evaluations. These findings have important implications for understanding how voter evaluations of MPs depend on beliefs about parliamentary systems and how parliamentary institutions condition the link between voters and MPs.
When the smile is not enough: The interactive role of smiling and facial characteristics in forming judgments about trustworthiness and dominance

People often assess other people’s personality traits merely based on their emotional expression or the physical features of their faces. In this paper we review the evidence of biases when formulating judgments of trustworthiness and confidence from two types of facial characteristics. One line of evidence documents the influence of emotional expressions representing an individual’s motivational state and reflecting agents’ intentions. People’s judgment about the trustworthiness or attractiveness of others largely depends on the emotions expressed. The second line of evidence describes how facial appearance (e.g., cues of physical strength or resemblance to one’s own face) affects the inferences of personality traits. The two experiments described in this paper investi-gated the interplay between these two factors (i.e., facial features and emotional expression) and their combined influence on social judgments. We hypothesized and tested how both facial features conveying trustworthiness (vs. dominance) and a smiling (vs. neutral) expression influence judgments of trustworthiness and confidence (Study 1). We also tested the influence of facial resemblance in an interaction with a smiling individual when forming judgments (Study 2). We found that relatively static facial features conveying trust had more impact on judgments of trustworthiness than emotional expressions, yet emotional expressions seem to be more impactful for judgments of dominance. The results of both studies are discussed from a sociocognitive perspective.
Effects of brand experience, brand image and brand trust on brand building process: The case of Chinese millennial generation consumers

Brand researchers have been in their quest for understanding how consumers evaluate brands and react to branding practices. The purpose of this study is to validate the importance of brand experience in brand building process with highand low-involvement products of global brands in China. Four global brands (Nike, Kappa, Ferrero, Meiji) were selected for the analysis, and 1,100 participants of the millennial generation consumers participated in the online survey. The findings suggest that both rational perception and emotional feelings of consumers play important roles in the process of brand building among Chinese consumers. The relationship between brand image and brand trust, which is the initial stage of brand building process plays a vital role in consumers' purchasing decisions. Concurrently, brand experience positively influences brand image and attachment, leading to consumers’ purchasing decisions. The findings also provide insights regarding different paths in the brand building process for high and low involvement product categories, suggesting the importance of differentiated branding strategies for various product categories in China.
Phenotypic characterization of beta-lactamases producing Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary hospital, Nepal

Infections caused by beta-lactamases producing Gram-negative bacteria are increasing, thus posing a challenge to the management of such infections. The surveillance data of such bacteria is limited in Nepal so this study aimed to detect the beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary setting. A total of 604 clinical samples, including urine, blood, sputum and body fluids, were cultured and identified by the routine standard laboratory protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines (2014). Extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) producers were identified by combined disk method and metallo-betalactamases (MBL) producers were identified by ImipenemEDTA combined disk method. Out of 604 samples, 282 (46.7%) samples showed significant growth, of which 229 (81.2%) were Gramnegative bacteria. Of 229 Gram-negative bacteria, 200 (87.3%) were multidrug resistant, 67 (29.3%) were ESBL producers and 16 (7.0%) were MBL producers. Klebsiella pneumoniae were among higher ESBL producers and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were among higher MBL producers. The findings suggest higher antibacterial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria with the added burden of beta-lactamase production. Imipenem was effective against 125 of 229 Gramnegative bacteria tested. Thus, imipenem can be the drug of choice for empirical management. The higher multidrug resistance and higher beta-lactamases production among Gram-negative bacteria warrant the continuous monitoring, surveillance, early detection, and infection control practices of such bacteria.
Inverse correlation of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase and Haemoglobin Levels in patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis

1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, India. 2Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, India. 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India. 4Department of Microbiology, Research Laboratory for Oral and Systemic Health, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, India. *Corresponding Author E-mail: padmabakianath@gmail.com
Macroeconomic Variables versus Differences between Market Prices and Fundamental Values

Penman and Sougiannis (1998) consider that price deviations from fundamental value are model estimation errors, while Barberis et al. (1998) suggest that these deviations are due to psychological factors that affect investor reaction to information. In this paper, we use the valuation model proposed by Barberis (1998) and data from the London Stock Exchange in order to calculate the fundamental value of a stock and then examine whether the differences between predicted and real stock prices are due to macroeconomic fundamentals or psychological factors. On the whole the results show that these differences between predicted and real stock prices are explained by important macroeconomic variables as well by the sentiment of investors. JEL Classification: G1.
THE TRANSMISSION OF QUANTITATIVE EASING

We test through which channels quantitative easing affects the prices and issuance of securities. We exploit the announcement of the corporate bond purchase program by the European Central Bank, and we study the impact of the announcement on the cross section of European corporate bonds. We find that as the Central Bank increased the demand for bonds eligible for the program, eligible firms responded by substituting the issuance of ineligible bonds with the issuance of eligible bonds. As a result, bond prices were unaffected by their eligibility status, and all firms increased total issuance to the same extent. We show that monetary policy affected bond prices through a risk channel. Prices increased significantly more for bonds and firms that were exposed to higher levels of risk and uncertainty. However, risky firms did not issue more in response.
THE ROLE OF FAMILY OWNERSHIP ON ALLIANCE FORMATION

Many studies in strategy and organization have explored the factors affecting the formation of alliances. However, this literature has largely neglected the role of corporate ownership and the related literature on family firms. Filling this void, we submit that family ownership makes firms less likely to be selected or accepted as a partner for an alliance. More specifically, we develop arguments that concern trustworthiness and informational opaqueness for family firms that can hinder alliance formation. In order to examine the influence of such mechanisms, we also hypothesize that the overall negative effect of family ownership on a firm’s alliance intensity/likelihood is mitigated by (a) the presence of institutional investors, (b) analyst coverage, and (c) financial transparency. We provide support for our hypotheses using a dataset of US listed firms both at the firm and the dyadic level of analysis. Additional analyses also show that the negative influence of family ownership on alliance formation might vary depending on the type of alliance.
A Model of the Configuration Process of HR Systems within Multinational Subsidiaries in Indonesia

This article develops an empirical model of the process through which human resource management (henceforth HR) systems within subsidiaries of multinational companies (MNCs) are constructed. It extends current models that had previously been developed. It integrates empirical evidence and analyses that had been published earlier with unpublished materials from the same research project. The empirical research applied different qualitative methods in data collection, which are also described in this article. Complementing a previous conceptual model, this article adds on a micro-empirical model of the process and five propositions. Keywords : Configuration, Empirical Model, HR Systems; Indonesia, Institutional Theory * Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Jl. Diponegoro 52-60 Salatiga 50711, Indonesia https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.12. 3.223-241
Corporate Governance and Its Impact on Profitability of the Oil and Gas Sector of Pakistan

The aim of this study is to explore the impact of corporate governance on the profitability of the Oil and Gas sector of Pakistan. This research is done by using secondary data that has been collected from annual reports for a period of 5 years, from 2011 to 2015. To study the association between Corporate Governance and firm profitability, Co-integration, Unit root, Vector Error Correction estimates and unit Granger Causality test were used. Independent variables of the study are the board of independent director, the board size, board remuneration and size of the firm whereas the dependent variables are the return on assets and return on sales. The findings show the significant relationship among all variables included in this study. Improved standards on the qualification of the board members are recommended to the regulators. The research can further investigate the Corporate Governance impact on firm profitability in different sectors of the economy.