Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acetylene−Dicobaltcarbonyl Complexes with Chiral Phosphinooxazoline Ligands: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Application to Enantioselective Intermolecular Pauson−Khand Reactions

The reaction of the phenylacetylene−dicobalthexacarbonyl complex (2) with the 4-R-2-(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)oxazolines 1 (R = Ph) and 4 (R = CH2CH2SCH3) leads to the selective formation of the chelated complexes 3 and 5, respectively. On the other hand, the tert-butyl-substituted phosphinooxazoline 6 acts as a monodentate ligand, and its reaction with several 1-alkyne-derived complexes (2,7−10) affords readily separable mixtures of the diastereomer nonchelated complexes 11a,b−15a,b. The interconversion rate between diastereomeric pairs is dependent on the steric bulk of the alkyne substituent, and neither 3 nor 5 epimerize at room temperature. The structures of both kinds of complexes have been ascertained by a combination of spectroscopical (IR, NMR), X-ray diffraction, and chiroptical methods; this has allowed the development of a practical procedure for the establishment of the absolute configuration of the chiral alkyne−dicobaltcarbonyl complexes obtained by the selective substitution of a carbon m.
Aborycin : a tricyclic 21-peptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces griseoflavus

The screening for growth inhibitors against Bacillus subtilis revealed a peptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseoflavus TU 4072. Very high yields of the antibiotic named aborycin were obtained by cultivation in a medium containing soybean meal and sucrose. Isolation from the mycelium was carried out by a combination of extraction and gel chromatography. Preparative HPLC yielded the uniform antibiotic. The structure elucidation was based on GC amino acid analysis on a chiral phase, automated Edman degradation, electrospray tandem mass spectrometry and two-dimensional NMR (TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC, HMBC). Aborycin represents a 21-peptide that is cyclized from the side chain of Asp9 to the N-terminus of Cys1. Two disulfide bonds Cys1 to Cys13 and Cys7 to Cys19 form a tricyclic structure consisting exclusively of protein amino acids. The peptide antibiotic aborycin was found to be identical with a HIV protease inhibitor isolated recently from Streptomyces SP 9440.
Preheating and Continuous and Intermittent Drying in Boards of Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. I. Effect on Internal Checking, Shrinkage and Collapse

Matched, green board-sections of Eucalyptus regnans were pretreated by gradual heating in water at temperatures from 50 to 90°C and dried by either continuous or intermittent drying regimes. For both schedules, number of internal checks was negatively related to preheating temperature and declined by ca. 45% at 90°C. Number of checks was significantly lower for intermittent drying than for continuous drying, but such differences narrowed with increasing preheating temperature. Area shrinkage of internal checking also declined with increasing temperature and demonstrated a reduction of nearly 50% at 90°C. For continuous drying, internal recovery after reconditioning, as represented by area and number of internal checks, increased significantly with increasing pretreatment temperature. An explanation of the mechanisms thought to be involved in the reduction of internal checking by preheating is presented. It is suggested that an increase, rather than a decrease, in shrinkage may contribute to this reduction. Difference in shrinkage between that determined by linear measurements and that by image analysis was attributed to stress relief associated with cross-cutting after oven drying
A challenge to achieve glycemic control in a patient with diabetes mellitus

Secondary diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known identity with multiple causes. Acromegaly, a state of growth hormone (GH) excess, is a rare but an established cause of DM. Dysglycemia is present in approximately 50% of patients of acromegaly with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) ranging from 6% to 45% and from 7% to 22%, respectively, and DM has been reported in 16%–56% of patients (Alexopoulou O, Bex M, Kamenicky P, Mvoula AB, Chanson P, Maiter D. Prevalence and risk factors of IGT and DM at diagnosis of acromegaly: A study in 148 patients. Pituitary 2014;17:81-9; Dal J, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Andersen M, Kristensen LØ, Laurberg P, Pedersen L, et al. Acromegaly incidence, prevalence, complications and long-term prognosis: A nationwide cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol 2016;175:181-90). Diabetes in these patients is usually severe and difficult to treat. Glycemic control in these patients is best achieved by treating the underlying GH excess. We report a 60-year-old female patient, case of somatotropinoma, who was referred to diabetic clinic in view of persistent hyperglycemia despite taking multiple antidiabetic medications along with high-dose basal-bolus insulin regimen. Patient had residual pituitary tumor with GH excess and clinically active disease. She was started with somatostatin analogs for the residual disease. Her blood sugar values improved dramatically with episodes of hypoglycemia in between. Patient was shifted to single oral hypoglycemic (OHA) along with low dose insulin. This case highlights the direct association between GH excess and its hyperglycemic effects. Following successful treatment of acromegaly with surgery, irradiation, or medical management, glucose tolerance improves; although complete resolution is rare, OHA/insulin requirement is dramatically reduced.
Ultrastructural Localization of Hemicellulose in Birch Wood (Betula papyrifera) Decayed by Brown and White Rot Fungi

Hemicellulose within cells of birch wood (Betula papyrifera) was determined using periodic acid — thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PATAg) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray microanalyses — ScanningTransmission Electron Microscopy (EDXA-STEM). Counts of Ag-L electrons, indicating sites of hemicellulose, were obtained from all cell wall layers of sound wood. Increased concentrations of hemicellulose were found in middle lamellae and inner regions of the secondary walls. Wood decayed by white rot fungi had two patterns of hemicellulose degradation. Coriolus versicolor degraded hemicellulose in the wall from the lumen toward the middle lamella, whereas Phlebia tremellosus and Phellinuspini caused extensive loss of hemicellulose throughout the entire cell wall. The brown rot fungus, Fomitopsispinicola also degraded extensive amounts of hemicellulose throughout cells and greater losses were observed in the middle lamellae than in secondary walls. Electron density observed in micrographs was found not to be a reliable method of detecting hemicellulose due to other reactions that caused cell walls to darken. The PATAg method coupled with EDXA-STEM, however, provided a precise determination of hemicellulose distribution in sound and decayed wood.
Divergences in Clinical, Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Hormonal Parameters among Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Presenting at Endocrinology Outpatient Departments: A Multicenter Study from Bangladesh

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous androgen-excess disorder. Data comparing the PCOS phenotypes in Bangladesh are scarce. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the distribution of Rotterdam classified PCOS phenotypes and to compare the phenotypes concerning clinical, anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal parameters. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 370 PCOS cases in the age group of 20–45 years diagnosed by the Rotterdam consensus criteria were recruited from the endocrinology outpatient departments of several tertiary hospitals of Bangladesh. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Results: The prevalence of phenotypes A, B, C, and D were 59.2%, 14.1%, 11.9%, and 14.9%, respectively. More than one-third (34.6%) of the women had pre-hypertension (pre-HTN)/hypertension (HTN), 34.1% had abnormal glucose intolerance (AGT), 93.0% had dyslipidemia, and 57.0% had MetS. The hyperandrogenic phenotypes (A, B, and C) had higher prevalence of pre-HTN/HTN, AGT, dyslipidemia, and MetS compared to the normoandrogenic phenotype D, though the differences were statistically insignificant. The clinical and biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism (Ferriman-Gallwey score, hirsutism, acne, and serum testosterone levels) did not differ among the hyperandrogenic phenotypes. The serum prolactin level was highest in phenotype C. No differences were observed in most other clinical, anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal parameters among the four phenotypes. Conclusion: Phenotype A is the most prevalent phenotype of PCOS in our setting. The prevalence of MetS was considerably high. Most of the clinical, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters were similar across the four PCOS phenotypes in this study.
Ketamine for Sickle Cell Vaso-Occlusive Crises: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is one of the main causes of hospital admission in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Ketamine is often used as an adjuvant to opioids to control sickle cell crisis; however, there is a lack of evidence about its safety and efficacy for VOC in SCD patients. Objective: To synthesize evidence from published reports about the efficacy and safety of ketamine in the management of acute painful VOC in both pediatric and adult SCD patients. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO and Cochrane Library was conducted, up to March 2019. Studies reporting the analgesic effects and side effects of ketamine in the management of acute painful VOC in pediatric and adult SCD patients were included. The primary outcome measure was improvement in pain scale, and the secondary outcomes were reduction in opioid utilization and side effects. Studies were narratively summarized in this review. Results: Fourteen studies (with a total of 604 patients) were included in the final analysis. Several case reports and case series showed that ketamine significantly reduced pain scales and opioid utilization in both populations. The only randomized controlled trial available showed that ketamine was noninferior to morphine in reducing pain scores, but had a higher incidence of nonlife-threatening, reversible adverse effects. However, a retrospective study of 33 patients showed a higher pain score in the ketamine group with an acceptable short-term adverse effect. Conclusion: Ketamine has a potentially comparable efficacy with other opioids in reducing the pain during VOC in SCD patients. However, it also likely has a higher rate of transient adverse events. Owing to the lack of published randomized controlled trials, current evidence is not sufficient to confirm the safety and efficacy of ketamine. Future well-designed randomized controlled trials are strongly recommended.
The use of mobile application in primary health care in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Background: Technology implantation, for example, smartphone application, in primary health care (PHC) is an approach to enhance healthcare services via availability and convenient access. This study described the factors contributing for not booking an appointment using the mobile application, and why patients visit PHC physicians. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that included 477 participants who visited the PHC physicians. Eligible subjects who present in the patients’ waiting area were asked to participate by giving them a self-administered questionnaire. Results: With a total of 477 participants’ appointments, 83.5% (N = 398) of them were booked through the mobile application. Out of 398, 54.6% (N = 217) were not booked by the patients themselves. The most common reasons for the visits were follow-up (38.8%), lab/imaging results (34%), and acute complaint (27.3%). Gender, age, and the number of comorbidities the patient has were significantly associated with those who didn't book the appointment by themselves through the mobile application (P-value <0.001). Males were more likely to book for themselves than females. The average age for patients who booked for themselves through the mobile application was significantly low (Mean = 39.4, SD = 14.5). Those who were able to book for themselves had a lower number of comorbidities. Conclusion: Age, gender, and number of comorbidities were significant factors contributing to not to book an appointment/use mobile application by the patients themselves. The mobile application might cause difficulties and influence the appointment booking process. The application should be expanded throughout the country with further modification to meet the patient's needs.
Use of video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery in the removal of an intrathoracic bullet: A case report

The use of video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery (VATS) as a minimally invasive surgical technique in many lung and pleural diseases is well-established. However, the efficacy of VATS in the removal of retained intrathoracic foreign bodies is unclear. Here, we report the use of VATS in the successful removal of an intrathoracic bullet from a 7-year-old patient.
Use of telemedicine for the management of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: Telemedicine has been an option for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic time. According to the COVID-19 forum on the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes, telemedicine is now the reality for all pediatric diabetes centers around the globe. We report here the analysis of telemedicine care provided to children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes by our diabetes team during the first phase of lockdown in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: The Diabetic Association of Bangladesh (BADAS) is providing a highly structured and organized system of diabetes care as an extended arm of the government. Since the lockdown, diabetes care for children was started through telemedicine by the diabetes team in our center. Results: We analyzed our phone calls, text messages from March 26 to April 30, 2020. During lockdown, more than 645 calls, including text messages and WhatsApp messages, were received. A total of 235 patients were given advice over the phone in 1 month. Fifty-two percent of phone calls were from the capital city Dhaka and rest from other districts of Bangladesh. While analyzing the problems, three of our patients noticed mild fever, but there was no history of contact with infected persons, and they recovered within 2–3 days. No laboratory test was done for the confirmation of COVID-19. Most of the patients developed hyperglycemia during this period. None of them required hospital admission during this month. Free insulin from CDiC (Changing Diabetes in Children) and LFAC (Life for a Child) programs was sent to the BADAS centers in different districts through courier service even during the lockdown. So, there was no patient without access to insulin during pandemic time. Conclusion: Telemedicine service has been found to be a useful medium for the care of children with diabetes in Bangladesh during COVID-19 crisis. In the future, telemedicine service could be a solution for routine care of diabetic children who are unable or unwilling to travel long distances to a clinic.
Emotional Impact of Delay in Fertility Treatment due to COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented public health emergency. When the pandemic started in our country fertility treatment was suspended for sometimes following national and international guidelines. This has led to delay in fertility treatment for some couples which was emotionally upsetting. Methodology and Design: This study was done on the patients enrolled at our various fertility units across India. The survey questionnaire was sent to patients during the month of first May to June 15, 2020, when COVID-19 pandemic was active across the country, and fertility units were just resuming the services back. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 patients who were currently under treatment and their response was recorded. Ethical committee approval was not taken as surveys are exempted from IRB. Results: This survey was undertaken to understand the emotional impact of delay/cancelation in the fertility treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey revealed that majority (95%) of couples felt cancelation of cycles as upsetting and 16% reporting it to be extremely upsetting. The impact was seen in the form of mood disturbances, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and depressive ideas. Almost half of the couples (49.4%) were desirous to start the fertility treatment immediately. Their knowledge regarding COVID-19 and pregnancy and future child was limited. Conclusion: COVID-19 has had impact on every sphere of life. Delay in treatment and cancelation of cycles were emotionally upsetting to majority of couples and they were keen to restart the treatment sooner than later.
Understanding the role of homoeopathic preparation of Berberis vulgaris in mitigation of sodium oxalate- induced hyperoxaluria: An experimental approach

Background: Hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the kidneys lead to overproduction of reactive oxygen species, resulting in the development of oxidative stress and renal injury. At the cellular levels, mitochondria and NADPH oxidase involved in reactive oxygen species production play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury. Objective: The objective was to investigate the therapeutical effect of homoeopathic drug Berberis vulgaris, a potent antioxidant, upon regulation of NADPH oxidase against acute high-grade sodium oxalate-induced hyperoxaluria in rats. Materials and Methods: Hyperoxaluria was induced in male Wistar rats by administering a single dose of sodium oxalate (70 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally, and the treatment groups were pre-treated with homoeopathic drug Berberis vulgaris 6c (20 μl/100 g of body weight) ultra low dose for 7 days. Results: Berberis vulgaris significantly reduces hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress and restores antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney tissue. Histological analysis depicted that Berberis vulgaris treatment decreases renal epithelial damage and inflammation and restored normal glomerular morphology. Furthermore, immunoblotting analyses of NADPH oxidase revealed significant increased activity in the renal tissue of hyperoxaluric rats when compared to that of control rats. This has been brought back to normal by Berberis vulgaris treatment. Conclusion: Thus, our results emphasised that the Homoeopathy drug Berberis vulgaris has been effective in ameliorating sodium oxalate-induced acute hyperoxaluria in Wistar rats by modulating mitochondrial oxidative stress through the inhibition of NADPH oxidase.
Effect of using a head injury fast-track system on reducing the mortality rate among severe head injury patients in Southern Thailand: A retrospective study with historical control

Context: Head injuries are the leading cause of traumatic morbidity and mortality. Timely proper management can reduce the mortality rate. Aims: This study aimed to examine the effects of a fast-track system on reducing head injury mortality using the data in Southern Thailand. Settings and Design: A retrospective study of data from the medical records of severe head injury patients admitted to Hatyai Hospital from October 2012 to May 2017. Subjects and Methods: The records of subjects were selected for participants aged more than 11 years, having Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) <9, no injuries in other organs, and neither hypoxemia nor hypotension. A total of 193 participants fulfilling these criteria were analyzed. Of these, 108 participants were managed in the fast track. Statistical Analysis Used: The fast-track group was compared with normal track participants by using logistic regression after preliminary analysis to identify the risk factors using the Chi-squared tests. Results: After adjustment for confounders, namely acute subdural hematoma, linear skull fracture and diffuse brain injury, and mortality in the fast-track group (13%) was significantly lower than that in the nonfast track group (22.4%). Conclusions: Using the fast-track system can reduce mortality from severe head injuries and should be implemented in the health services system.
Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in India: An observational study

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) in January 2020 declared outbreak of novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, an international public health emergency. It was stated that there was high COVID-19 spread risk to various other countries across world. According to WHO in March 2020, COVID-19 was characterized as pandemic. However, this sudden crisis is generating great deal of stress, anxiety, and depression throughout the world. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the psychological impact and various associated factors during the developing COVID-19 situation among both the healthcare and non-healthcare working professionals in India. Materials and Methods: This was an observation-based cross-sectional study conducted during the lockdown period and following the lifting of the lockdown for a total of 3 months duration. A structured questionnaire was send via the (email) electronic mail system to a target population of 350 people. Out of which 300 responded. The questionnaire was comprised of study variables: (a) Gender; (b) age-group range which was categorized into- (i) Between 30 snf 50 years and (ii) More than 50 years; (c) Presence of any comorbid medical condition; psychological symptoms of- (d) insomnia; (e) anxiety; and (f) depression. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test for determining significance. Results: Mean ± SD values for age were found to be 35.54 ± 6.09; 33.84 ± 7.87; 32.16 ± 5.89 and 55.76 ± 8.98 for physicians, nurses, technical staff, and non-healthcare professionals while the percentages of male study participants was found to be 37.2%, 15%, 57%, and 65% and female study participants was 62.8%, 85%, 43%, and 35% for the physicians, nursing staff, technicians, and non-healthcare professionals. Depression, insomnia, and anxiety between healthcare and non-healthcare professional workers, demonstrated significant P values of 0.05, 0.03, and 0.02, respectively. Conclusion: The present study has shown a significant psychological impact arising from this crisis.
The association between personality traits and dry eye disease: A cross-sectional study

PURPOSE: Dry eye disease (DED) is a growing public health concern that causes significant visual disability and interferes with the quality of life. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between personality traits and DED symptoms in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in 2018. A total of 613 subjects participated in this study. Ocular surface disease index was first distributed online to assess the subjective symptoms of DED. Then, persons with DED were selectively chosen to be tested by the Big Personality Trait Inventory questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test at a level of significance, P < 0.05. RESULTS: 57.7% of the patients reported symptoms of DED. There was a significant positive correlation between DED and neuroticism personality trait. DED severity was found to be significantly correlated in persons with chronic diseases. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that psychological problems have an impact on DEDs in a way that needed to be studied.