Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Parameter Systems: Theory and Applications

Part 1 Mathematical theory: some basic results in the theory of partial differential equations - Bellman-Gronwall inequality, Sobolev spaces, Green's formula stochastic partial differential equations - radon measures, cylindrical probability, Gaussian cylindrical probability, nuclear and Hilbert-Schmidt operators, conditional expectation, Hilbert- space-valued Wiener processes optimal control of deterministic distributed parameter systems - elliptic systems, the Dirichlet problem, the Neumann problem, parabolic systems, Riccati equation, Hamilton-Jacobi equation, hyperbolic systems controllability and observability linear estimation theory - finite-dimensional estimation theory, estimation for random linear functionals optimal filter for distributed parameter systems - the filtering problems, Wiener filter, Kalman-Bucy filter, recursive formula for the optimal filter, innovation theory, duality between estimation and control, optimal filter for hyperbolic systems stochastic optimal control of distributed parameter systems formulation of the model, the stochastic optimal control problem, necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality, the separation principle identification of distributed parameter systems - the basic concept of system identification, modal approximation for identification, regularization. Part 2 Engineering Applications: formal approach to optimal filtering and control of distributed parameter systems - Wiener-Hopf theorem, the optimal filter, predictor and smoothing estimator, various approaches to linear estimation problems stochastic optimal control problems optimal sensor and actuator location problems - optimal sensor location problems, optimal actuator locations computational techniques for identification of distributed parameter systems - stochastic approximation, least squares identification, the Galerkin finite-element model, discrete regularization and minimization.
The Bass New Product Diffusion Model in Market Surveillance: Application in Forecasting the Spread of Substandard Consumer Goods

—This paper presents the Bass New Product Diffusion Model as a market surveillance tool for estimating aspects related to the market penetration of substandard goods in the absence of sufﬁcient data. It provides various illustrative cases and examples with respect to the applicability of the model in the ﬁeld of market surveillance.
Salicylic Acid and Pseudomonas fluorescens as Safe Control Means Against Rhizoctonia solani in Guar (Cyamopsis

ineteen isolates of Rhizoctonia solani were found to be associated with root rot symptoms of guar plants collected from different fields located at New Valley Governorate, Egypt. All the obtained isolates were able to attack guar plants (cv. Local) causing damping-off and root rot diseases. Rhizoctonia solani isolate No. 8 (RG8) was the most virulent one in the pathogenicity tests. Salicylic acid (SA) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF) were examined individually or in combination in vitro and in vivo for controlling damping-off and root rot as well as growth promotion of guar plants. Activity of defence-related enzymes, including peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), pathogenesis related (PR) protein (chitinase and β 1,3 gluconase), were also studied in inoculated and non-inoculated guar plants treated with SA and P. fluorescens either individually or in combination, during the experimental period. isolate. stopped by at 290 was and was comparison with a standard and expressed as units of PAL /min/ mg
Gait Training in Virtual Reality Home Environment for Stroke Patients: A Case Study

We developed a virtual reality (VR)-based gait training system for inpatients aiming to improve their gait performance in a simulated home environment and to reduce the risk of falls after discharge. The proposed system simulates a home environment in a head-mounted display projection, in which the user can walk freely. The system provides combined visual, auditory, and tactile feedback when the user collides with an object in the simulated environment, aiming to encourage the user to modify his or her gait pattern. We report the training effect of the proposed system in three hospitalized patients who had stroke and lower limb paralysis. Changes in the balance function (Berg Balance Scale: BBS) and mobility function (Timed Up and Go test: TUG) were evaluated in all patients, and change in the fear of falling (Modified Falls Efficacy Scale: MFES) was additionally assessed in two patients (A and B). Patients A and B performed five sessions of gait training in the VR home environment every day for 5 consecutive days. Patient A who had moderate motor paralysis (Brunnstrom stage V) and moderately impaired gait function showed a remarkable improvement in MFES score, with minor improvement in TUG score and comparable BBS score after the intervention. Patient B who had severe motor paralysis and highly impaired gait function (Brunnstrom stage IV) showed remarkable improvement in TUG and BBS scores while there was no change in MFES score. Patient C who had severe motor impairment (Brunnstrom stage III) and a history of falls during a short visit at home underwent 20 minutes of gait training daily for 3 weeks in the VR-TUG room with a corridor having varying widths. The combined conventional and VR-based intervention diminished fall events during the TUG test in the patient ʼ s home, which remained after the same duration of conventional gait training prior to the combined intervention. These results suggest the potential of VR-based gait training in assisting patients to adapt to the environment, improve balance and gait function, and reduce the fear of falling.
ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED ANTIBIOTICS IN UNTREATED WASTEWATER AND VEGETABLES IN URBAN AND PERI-URBAN FARMS IN EASTERN NAIROBI CITY, KENYA

Background : Most urban and peri-urban farmers in Kenya use untreated wastewater to irrigate crops. The vegetables irrigated with this water may accumulate unsafe levels of pharmaceutically active compounds. This poses a health concern to the consumers because of the known health problems such as antimicrobial resistance that may arise from gradual un-intended exposure of the body to antibiotics over prolonged spans of time. The presence of antibiotic residues in the vegetables may lead to initiation of bacterial resistance to the drugs due to the unintended long exposure from the environment. Unlike pesticides used on agricultural land, antibiotics have not aroused attention as potential pollutants until fairly recently. There are no reports on levels of antibiotic residues in untreated wastewater and vegetables in Kenya. This study aimed to determine the concentration of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) in untreated waste water and vegetables irrigated with the untreated waste water in Ruai and Njiru suburb farms. Methods : Untreated wastewater and vegetables were collected during the dry season from various sites in Ruai and Njiru from small scale farms along Ngong River. The samples underwent solvent extraction pre-analysis. The antibiotic residues were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results : In the untreated wastewater sulfamethoxazole (SMX) concentration ranged from 62.09 to 88.66 ng/kg while the levels of trimethoprim ranged from 24/71 to 24.99 ng/kg. The vegetables TMP concentration ranged from 2.16 to 15.45 ng/kg while the sulfamethoxazole levels ranged from 4.93-22.64 ng/kg. Conclusion : The wastewater used for irrigation was contaminated with the antibiotics sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. These antibiotics detected in the untreated wastewater were also present in the vegetable and therefore it can be concluded that it is not safe to consume vegetables contaminated with the antibiotic even though it is in small quantities because it will lead to undue exposure and tolerenca build-up by microbes resulting in resistance to the drugs that have residues in the environment.
RMHP_A_285875 2783..2791

Department of Midwifery, Health Science College, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia Background: Receiving a minimum of four antenatal care, as per the World Health Organization recommendation, enhances the possibility of utilizing effective maternal health care during antenatal follow-up. Hence, this study aimed to identify the level of a minimum of 4 ANC usage and factors associated with Debre Berhan town. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed from February 20 to March 10/2020 among women who gave birth in the last 6 months before the data collection period in Debre Berhan town. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews with the pretested tool by trained data collectors from randomly selected participants. After entering the data into Epi-data software version 3.1, it was further processed using SPSS version 23 statistical package. Both bivariate and multivariable Logistic regressions were fitted to identify the determinants for the utilization of a minimum of 4 antenatal care. A significance level of 0.05 was used to decide the significance of statistical tests. Results: A total of 390 women were interviewed giving a response rate of 99.2%. In this study, 78.5% (95% CI: 74.4–82.6) of women received a minimum of four antenatal care visits. Maternal educational status, initiation of antenatal visit at ≤16 weeks of gestation, and husband support/partner involvement were identified predictors of utilization of minimum 4 antenatal visits. Conclusion and Recommendations: Use of at least four antenatal visits in Debre Berhan town was found to be good. Health promotion programs targeting mothers with no education and lower educational level are important to increase their awareness about the importance of antenatal services. Male partner involvement during care related to pregnancy and promoting early initiation of antenatal care is important to overcome challenges towards a minimum of 4 antenatal visits in Debre Berhan town.
Impact of water chemistry on the particle-speci ﬁ c toxicity of copper nanoparticles to Daphnia magna Science of the Total Environment

• Connection between the dynamic fate characterization of CuNPs and their toxicity was drawn. • Toxicity of CuNP suspension varies in dynamic and static exposure treat- ments, when organic matter (OM) was added. • Toxicity of CuNP suspensions results from the combined effect of the parti- cles and their released ions. • The particle-speci ﬁ c toxicity of CuNPs decreased with increasing pH and contents of divalent cations and OM. Toxicityofmetallicnanoparticlesuspensions(NP (total) )isgenerallyassumedtoresultfromthecombinedeffectof theparticlespresentinsuspensions(NP (particle) )andtheirreleasedions(NP (ion) ). Evaluationandconsiderationof howwaterchemistryaffectstheparticle-speci ﬁ ctoxicityofNP (total) arecriticalforenvironmentalriskassessment of nanoparticles. In this study, it was found that the toxicity of Cu NP (particle) to Daphnia magna , in line with the trendsintoxicityforCuNP (ion) ,decreasedwith increasing pHandwithincreasingconcentrationsofdivalentcat- ions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Without the addition of DOC, the toxicity of Cu NP (total) to D. magna at the LC50wasdriven mainlybyCuNP (ion) (accounting for ≥ 53% oftheobserved toxicity). However,toxicity ofCu NP (total) inthepresenceofDOCataconcentrationrangingfrom5to50mgC/LlargelyresultedfromtheNP (particle) (57% – 85%),whichcouldbeattributabletothelargereductionoftheconcentrationofCuNP (ion) andtheenhance-mentofthestabilityofCuNP (particle) whenDOCwasadded.Ourresultsindicatethatwaterchemistryneedstobe explicitly taken into consideration when evaluating the role of NP (particle) and NP (ion) in the observed toxicity of NP (total) .
A Novel Mechanism for the Formation of Electron-Positron Outflow from Hot Accretion Disks

A mechanism is proposed for the formation of relativistic outflows in active galactic nuclei and Galactic black hole binaries, i.e., the ejection of electron-positron pairs produced in two-temperature accretion disks in those objects. We solve the pair-momentum equation in the one-zone approximation, in which we assume that the electron-positron component can escape independently of the electron-proton component that forms a hydrostatic atmosphere. The results show that, in the inner regions of the disks, when the mass accretion rate becomes larger than about a tenth of the Eddington rate, most of the viscously dissipated energy is converted into the thermal and kinetic energy of the ejected electron-positron pairs. The produced pairs are accelerated in the vertical direction by their own gas pressure rather than by the radiative force. This mechanism is thus successful in extracting accretion power so as to form powerful electron-positron outflows, as suggested by recent observations of active galactic nuclei and Galactic objects.
The Determinant of Internal Control Effectiveness on Cooperative Employees of the Republic of Indonesia in Semarang City

This research aims to obtain empirical evidence the influence of competence, motivation, role and work experience on the effectiveness of internal control cooperatives in Semarang either partially and simultaneously. The population in this research are 132 Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia (KPRI) in Semarang in 2017. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling and used sample size with non-statistic technique. With this technique gained as much as 31 sample research of Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia. Collecting data uses questionnaires. While the analysis method used is multiple regression analysis with the analysis tool is SPSS Statistic 23.The results showed that competence and motivation partially have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of internal control cooperative. Role and work experience partially failed to show any significant effect on the effectiveness of internal control. While the results of competence, motivation, role and work experience simultaneously have a positive and significant impact on the effectiveness of internal control. The conclusion of the research are obtained evidence that competence and motivation have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of internal control. Meanwhile, role and work experience does not have effect on the effectiveness of internal control.
OPTIMISATION AND DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING OF AMYLASE SYNTHESIZED FROM MARINE ACTINOMYCETES- NOCARDIOPSIS ALBA AND ITS DESTAINING PROPERTY.

Marine actinomycetes have been a well known source of many biological products. In the marine environment, marine microorganisms are the eminent source to discover new bioactive compounds. Among marine microorganisms, the actinomycetes are the major source for the production of new drugs which is proven by the various earlier researches. Actinomycetes are a group of prokaryotic gram positive filamentous bacteria which produce two types of branching mycelium, aerial mycelium and substrate mycelium. Some actinomycetes genera are slow growing microorganism. They belongs to the domain bacteria, phylum actinobacteria , subclass actinobacteridae , order actinomycetales , suborder actinomycineae , family actinomycetaceae . The member of this order contains high G+C content (>55 mol%) in their DNA. The present work is concerned about the economic and efficient production of amylase enzyme from Nocardiopsis alba . The sand sample was collected from Thiruvanmiyur Beach. The sand sample was used for screening and isolation of Nocardiopsis alba . The pure culture isolated was screened for its enzyme activity. The species showed positive results for Iodine test. The enzyme optimization using various parameters like pH ranging from 7.2 to 7.8, temperature- 4°C, 35°C, 37°C & 65°C with the media (ISP 1-7) was carried out. This was followed by the downstream processing of the enzyme and checked for the enzyme purity. The purified enzyme was then subjected to destaining activity as one of its applications.
Towards a Tonal Analysis of Free Stress

xii 0. Introduction 1 1. Previous work on East Slavic stress 17 1.1 Introductory remarks 17 1.2 The analysis in Melvold (1990) 17 1.2. 1 Accentuation of non-derived nouns 17 1.2. 2 The formalism of the Basic Accentuation Principle 20 1.2. 3 Accentuation of derived nouns 22 1.2. 4 Dominant and recessive suffixes 26 1.3 On the synchronic status of the Basic Accentuation Principle 27 1.3. 1 Stress default in Russian 27 1.3. 2 Word-initial default and the development of Slavic stress systems 29 1.4 Accentuation of non-derived Russian words in Halle (1997) 30 1.5 The analysis of Russian stress in Alderete (1999) 36 1.5. 1 Input representation of accent 36 1.5. 2 Prosodic faithfulness and post-stem default 37 1.5. 3 Dominance effects as prosodic anti-faithfulness 40 1.5. 4 Output-output correspondence between singular and plural forms 45 1.5. 5 Concluding remarks 48 1.6 Prosodic hierarchy as a reflection of morphological hierarchy: the analysis in Revithiadou (1999) 50 1.6. 1 Representation of accent 50 1.6. 2 The prevalence of head faithfulness over general faithfulness 51 1.6. 3 The role of prosodic well-formedness 55 1.6. 4 The issue of prosodic well-formedness in Russian 61 1.6. 5 Analysis of the accentual patterns of non-derived words 68 1.6. 6 Accentuation of derived words 76
ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2016), Volume 4, Issue 2, 1212-1216

Mohammed J. Shakir. Background: Entamoeba histolytica, a microaerophilic protozoan parasite has to build up mechanisms to protect themselves against oxidative stress within the human gut to establish its pathogenesis, role of glutathione metabolism so important in amoebiasis but very little is known about mechanisms so this study aim to evaluate the level of human glutathione peroxidase-2 in the sera of patients suffering from amoebiasis.
Branding for Universities A qualitative case study on Jönköping University

Background In the past years there has been a rapid growth in the internationalization of several industries. This has not left the market for higher educational institutions unaffected as students now are more mobile and willing to move further away from home to study at a desired university. In this increasingly competitive market, branding can be a main tool for universities to differentiate themselves and gain competitive advantage. Still, research on university branding is scarce and the concept of university branding remains relatively unexplored. Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to explore how a university can build its brand. The study will take on the organization's perspective with the aim to gather valuable information and insights on which activities the university indulges in to build their brand and spread its awareness. Method A single case study on Jönköping University has been conducted. The nature of the study is qualitative, and data were collected from semi-structured in-depth interviews with eight individuals currently employed at Jönköping University. To gain an overall understanding, and receive diverse point of views, the sample consisted of employees working at the four different faculties of the university. Findings The main findings of this study are that a university can build its brand through the use of digital and printed media as well as human interactions. Furthermore, the university has two main target audiences that require different types of branding, which are students and partner companies.
PREVALENCE OF DRUG ABUSE AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING

Drug abuse constitutes a global health and social problems and cut across socioeconomic, cultural, religious and ethnic boundaries with conditions and problems that vary locally. Many communities are affected by drug abuse directly or indirectly. While the right use of drug is paramount to health, its abuse brings about detrimental effects. The pattern of drug abuse varies from a region to another. The knowledge of the prevalence of drug abuse and establishing the pattern peculiar to a region will help alleviate its burden on the society. The study was carried out among patients attending psychiatric clinic in Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State to determine the prevalence of drug abuse in the population. A cross-sectional retrospective study in which a structured proforma was used to extract the sociodemographic, clinical and drug-related data from the medical folders of 127 patients that attended the clinic. Data analysis was done with statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. The prevalence of drug abuse was 25.2% and high among ages 20-39 years. Common drugs of abuse were Cannabis 68.8%, Alcohol 65.6%, Tramadol 46.9%, Cigarette 40.6%, Codeine 12.5%, Cocaine 3.1%, Gum 3.1% and Ecstasy 3.1%. Cannabis and alcohol were the substance abused most. The age at onset of substance abuse was between 14 and 19 years. 68.8% used more than one substance. The common physical and behavioral signs at presentation were physical aggression 59.4%, restlessness 56.3%, violence 53.1% and poor sleep 46.9%. The prevalence of drug abuse is high among adolescents and young adult. Recommendations include; strategic education of adolescents to increase awareness about harmful effects of substance abuse, empowerment and redirection of youth towards upright living, strict enforcement of laws and regulation of drug use.
The Clinical Profile, Associated Co-morbidities and Risk Factors of Cerebral Palsy in Children in Sohag, Egypt

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture resulting from a non-progressive lesion to an immature brain. Objective : is to identify the prevalent subtypes, associated co-morbidity and risk factors of CP among children less than 12 years in Sohag, Egypt. Method: a case control study was conducted where 122 cases of CP attending the neuropediatric clinic of Sohag University Hospital were compared to age and sex matched control group (280 normal children) as regard history of prenatal, perinatal and postnatal risk factors of CP. Data related to the subtype and associated co-morbidity were also collected from the studied cases of CP. Results : Among the studied cases of CP, 45% had quadriplegia, 9.8% and 6.5% had hemiplegia and paraplegia respectively. 77.8% had spastic CP and 65% had hypertonia. 65% of cases had intellectual sub-normality, 29.5% of cases had epilepsy, 25% and 15% of cases had visual and hearing impairment respectively and 23.3% of the cases suffered from contracture. History of perinatal asphyxia and post natal encephalitis were the only detected significant risk factors for CP. Conclusion : The most common type of CP detected in our locality was severe spastic (hypertonic) quadriplegia level IV, these findings were attributed to the most common risk factors of CP in our locality which were hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy and CNS infections. Appropriate screening and management of co-morbidities especially vision, hearing and seizures, improve the overall prognosis in cases of CP. subtypes Gross Function