Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Passive Hypersonic Boundary Layer Transition Control Using Ultrasonically Absorptive Carbon-Carbon Ceramic with Random Microstructure / Passive Kontrolle des Laminar-Turbulenten Grenzschichtumschlages durch Verwendung von ultraschallabsorbierendem, kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Kohlenstoff mit zufälli

In the presented work ultrasonically absorptive carbon-carbon ceramic was shown for the first time to delay hypersonic laminar to turbulent boundary layer transition. Three 7° half-angle cones with nose radii between 0.1 mm and 5.0 mm were tested at zero angle of attack in the High Enthalpy Shock Tunnel Gottingen (HEG) of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) at Mach 7.5. One model was equipped with an inhouse manufactured ultrasonically absorptive carbon-carbon ceramic insert with random microstructure. The ultrasonic absorption properties of carbon-carbon ceramic (C/C) were assessed theoretically by means of the quasi-homogeneous absorber theory and experimentally by means of direct reflection coefficient measurements at varying ambient pressure levels. For the first time broadband ultrasonic sound transducers with resonance frequencies of up to 370 kHz were applied to directly cover the frequency range of interest with respect to the second mode instabilities observed on cone geometries in HEG. A distinctive attenuation of instability waves and a delay of boundary layer transition on the ultrasonically absorptive carbon-carbon insert was proven by means of fast-response surface pressure measurements, high speed schlieren visualization and surface heat flux measurement. / In der vorliegenden Studie wurde zum ersten Mal gezeigt, dass ultraschallabsorbierender, kohlenstoff-faserverstarkter Kohlenstoff (C/C) zur Verzogerung des laminar-turbulenten Grenzschichtumschlages in hypersonischen Stromungen eingesetzt werden kann. Dafur wurden drei Kegelmodelle mit einem Halboffnungswinkel von 7° und Nasenradien zwischen 0.1 mm und 5.0 mm ohne Anstellwinkel im Hochenthalpiekanal Gottingen (HEG) des Deutschen Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt bei Mach 7,5 untersucht. Eines der Modelle wurde mit einem im DLR gefertigtem ultraschallabsorbierendem C/C-Einsatz mit mikroporoser Oberflache versehen. Die Absorptionseigenschaften von C/C im Ultraschall wurden zum einen theoretisch, mit Hilfe der Theorie fur quasi-homogene Absorber, als auch experimentell durch die direkte Bestimmung des Reflexionskoeffizienten bei verschiedenen Umgebungsdrucken bestimmt. Zu diesem Zusammenhang wurden zum ersten Mal Breitband-schallwandler verwendet, welche eine Resonanzfrequenz von bis zu 370 kHz aufweisen. Damit konnte der Frequenzbereich der zuvor in Experimenten auf generischen Kegelmodellen im HEG nachgewiesenen akustischen Grenzschichtinstabilitaten direkt dupliziert werden. Durch die Verwendung von schnell ansprechenden Oberflachendrucksensoren, Stromungsvisualisierung mittels Hochgeschwindigkeits-schlierenaufnahmen und Warmestrommessungen auf der Oberflache konnte eine deutliche Dampfung der Instabilitatswellen sowie eine Verzogerung des laminar-turbulenten Grenzschichtumschlages auf der porosen Oberflache nachgewiesen werden.
Assessment of climate change impacts on the hydrological components of Ghataprabha sub-basin in southern India

Over the coming, the changing climate is likely to put pressure on the water resources of Ghataprabha sub-basin in southern India. , This is the first attempt to assess the impact of climate change on surface water resources. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to carry out this study. Manual calibration and validation of the model was done for the period of 1995-2005 using observed discharge data. R and NSE were used as model evaluation criteria which showed the satisfactory model performance, with R and NSE of 0.69 and 0.60 during calibration and 0.61 and 0.50 during validation. To study the impact of climate change on hydrology of the sub-basin, data from HadRM3 regional climate model under A2 and B2 scenario for the period of 2070-2100 were used. Temperature analysis indicated the warming of the study area. Annual and monthly hydrological components are likely to increase for the selected climate change scenarios compared to the baseline scenario with the higher values corresponding to the A2 scenario.
ACCRUAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT, REAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

This research purposely looks into earnings management and how it relates to firm performance. By attempt of gaining empirical results, we proxy firm performance by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) as dependent variables. We respectively model discretionary accruals and abnormal cash flow from operations as independent variables supported by firm size, leverage, and liquidity as control variables. Panel analysis was adopted to test a sample of 14 non-financial listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2019. We find that firms use both accrual earnings and real earnings methods to manage earnings. Results further indicate firms employ the efficient concept of earnings management to facilitate positive firm performance. Our analysis shows that companies with future acquisition prospects can use earnings management to boost financial efficiency. Although we find evidence of a positive relationship between EM and firm performance, we encourage authorities and facilitators to implement rules requiring transparent financial information to mitigate misleading results and reduce managers' discretion. Prospective investors must also perform an in-depth review of financial records prior to investing. Finally, our research has added to the body of expertise on earnings management, which positively impacts firm
Characterization and grouping of barleys beardless using infrared sensors and forage yield

In the northeast of Mexico, it is necessary to have varieties of barley adapted to extreme climates as an alternative in forage production. For the estimation of biomass, there are remote infrared sensors that have not been applied in forage barley. The objectives were to characterize, group and select lines of barley forage beardless, and estimate the association of sensors with performance. 45 lines against commercial varieties were evaluated in two municipalities of the state of Coahuila, during autumn-winter 2016-17; an alpha-lattice design with three replications was carried out, forage yield, plant height, phenological stage was determined, and an infrared sensor was an IP-54 thermometer, a GreenSeeker for standardized differential vegetation index (NDVI) and a SPAD420 for chlorophyll content; evaluating in two samplings. An analysis was made subdivided plots for variables, correlations for relationship estimation and a multivariate analysis by sampling. The results indicated highly significant differences in yield between genotypes, localities and interactions. Lines 6, 43, 44, 40 and 1 presented desirable forage production characteristics. The analysis of conglomerates at 75 and 90 dds retained five and seven interest groups respectively, marking differences between groups in the T test, forming different groups in commercial varieties and lines. A positive and significant association between NDVI and yield was not detected for the genotypes studied. The multivariate methods were useful tools to select fast production forage lines. Affirming the barleys as a good option for fodder production in winter times in semi-arid zones, compared to oats and wheat.
Long-term molecular turnover of actin stress fibers revealed by advection-reaction analysis in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a versatile technique to evaluate the intracellular molecular exchange called turnover. Physicochemical models of FRAP typically consider the molecular diffusion and chemical reaction that simultaneously occur on a time scale of seconds to minutes. Particularly for long-term measurements, however, an advection effect can no longer be ignored, which transports the proteins in specific directions within the cells and accordingly shifts the spatial distribution of the local chemical equilibrium. Nevertheless, existing FRAP models have not considered the spatial shift, and as such, the turnover rate is often analyzed without considering the spatiotemporally updated chemical equilibrium. Here we develop a new FRAP model aimed at long-term measurements to quantitatively determine the two distinct effects of the advection and chemical reaction, i.e., the different major sources of the change in fluorescence intensity. To validate this approach, we carried out FRAP experiments on actin in stress fibers over a time period of more than 900 s, and the advection rate was shown to be comparable in magnitude to the chemical dissociation rate. We further found that the actin–myosin interaction and actin polymerization differently affect the advection and chemical dissociation. Our results thus suggest that the distinction between the two effects is indispensable to extract the intrinsic chemical properties of the actin cytoskeleton from the observations of complicated turnover in cells.
WHAT’S IN A TWEET? Twitter’s impact on public opinion and EU foreign affairs

1 Abstract: This paper uses text mining and sentiment analysis of Twitter posts to explore the EU’s diplomatic communication practices and to measure public opinion on foreign affairs. Building on an original dataset of almost one million tweets from the past five years, this analysis reveals differences in public perceptions of the EU’s relationship with China, India and Russia. Attitudes are most positive in the case of the EU–India relationship, followed by EU–China and EU–Russia. Furthermore, the paper examines hundreds of official EU Twitter accounts, specifically their communications on diplomatic relations with these countries. A main finding is that the EU talks about its diplomatic relations in more positive terms than the wider public, though this verbal politeness effect is less pronounced in the case of EU–Russia relations.
Running head: SELF-ESTEEM AND DEPRESSION Low Self-Esteem Prospectively Predicts Depression in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

Low self-esteem and depression are strongly correlated in cross-sectional studies yet little is known about their prospective effects on each other. The “vulnerability model” hypothesizes that low self-esteem serves as a risk factor for depression, whereas the “scar model” hypothesizes that low self-esteem is an outcome not a cause of depression. To test these models, we used two large longitudinal data sets each with four repeated assessments between the age of 15 and 21 years, and 18 and 21 years, respectively. Cross-lagged regression analyses indicated that low self-esteem predicted subsequent levels of depression, but depression did not predict subsequent levels of self-esteem. These findings held for both men and women in both longitudinal studies, and after controlling for content overlap between the self-esteem and depression scales. Thus, the results supported the vulnerability model, but not the scar model of self-esteem and depression. 2,403 individuals (50% female). Mean age of participants at first 15.5 years ( SD 0.5, Range = 15 to 16). Sixty-one percent were 21% were 12% were Hispanic, 2% were American Indian, and 4% were of other ethnicity. Self-esteem and depression data were available for 2,094 individuals at Time 1, 1,272 individuals at Time 2, 710 individuals at Time 3, and 1,108 individuals at Time 4; overall 15% of the data were missing due to participant dropout and 31% of the data were missing due to planned missing data due to budgetary reasons. To investigate the potential impact of attrition we tested for differences on study variables between participants who completed the Time 4 assessment and participants who dropped out of the study before Time 4. self-esteem and depression, no significant
CIA_A_309082 757..765

1Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China Background: Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) in the old ages seriously delays the rapid recovery. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) against POCD in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colon cancer surgery, as well as the potential mechanism. Methods: A prospective, single-center, parallel-group, randomized trial was designed. A total of 100 patients (age ≥65 years) undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer were involved and randomly divided into TEAS (Group T) and control (Group C) groups. The patients in Group T were performed with percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation in bilateral Hegu, Neiguan and Zusanli points from 30 minutes before anesthesia induction to the end of surgery. A Z-score based on Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) was used to assess the incidence of POCD. The levels of serum IL-6, hs-CRP, CGRP at 0 min before TEAS (T0), 1 h after beginning of surgery (T1) and the end of surgery (T2) were evaluated. Results: Our data showed that the cumulative duration of POCD on postoperative day 2 and 3 in Group T was significantly decreased compared to Group C (P < 0.05). Compared with T0, the levels of serum IL-6, hs-CRP, and CGRP in both Group T and C were statistically elevated at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). Moreover, the levels of serum IL-6 and hs-CRP were decreased, but the level of CGRP was increased in Group T compared to Group C at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: TEAS is associated with a lower cumulative duration of POCD in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colon cancer surgery, which may be related to the regulation of inflammatory factors and neuropeptides interacted with gut–brain axis.
Evaluating Reinforcement Learning Algorithms For Evolving Military Games

In this paper, we evaluate reinforcement learning algorithms for military board games. Currently, machine learning approaches to most games assume certain aspects of the game remain static. This methodology results in a lack of algorithm robustness and a drastic drop in performance upon changing in-game mechanics. To this end, we will evaluate general game playing (Diego Perez-Liebana 2018) AI algorithms on evolving military games.
Screening of Eurasian Tundra Reindeer for Viral Sequences by Next-Generation Sequencing

Reindeer husbandry is essential for the livelihood and culture of indigenous people in the Arctic. Parts of the herding areas are also used as pastures for farm animals, facilitating potential transmission of viruses between species. Following the Covid-19 pandemic, viruses circulating in the wild are receiving increased attention, since they might pose a potential threat to human health. Climate change will influence the prevalence of infectious diseases of both humans and animals. The aim of this study was to detect known and previously unknown viruses in Eurasian tundra reindeer. In total, 623 nasal and 477 rectal swab samples were collected from reindeer herds in Fennoscandia, Iceland, and Eastern Russia during 2016–2019. Next-generation sequencing analysis and BLAST-homology searches indicated the presence of viruses of domesticated and wild animals, such as bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine papillomavirus, alcephaline herpesvirus 1 and 2, deer mastadenovirus B, bovine rotavirus, and roe deer picobirnavirus. Several viral species previously found in reindeer and some novel species were detected, although the clinical relevance of these viruses in reindeer is largely unknown. These results indicate that it should be possible to find emerging viruses of relevance for both human and animal health using reindeer as a sentinel species.
Assessing heat vulnerability of New Orleans using multitemporal remote sensing and demographic data

Coastal areas are more sensitive to climate change and are more vulnerable to increase in temperatures. For the last decades, residents of New Orleans have been experiencing hotter summer temperatures conditions and extreme weather conditions. Meanwhile, with economic development and the impact of human activities, the land cover of the region has experienced substantial changes. Since Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Parks and Parkway has undertaken a re-greening effort to replace the many thousands of trees lost. A specific benefit of tree cover is its ability to reduce the heat storage capacity of urban surfaces that creates urban heat islands. This study (1) creates an up-to-date, high spatial resolution land cover map and examine how the components of Land cover, particularly trees vary across post-Katrina New Orleans; (2) quantifies the magnitude and seasonality of LST change between 2006 to 2020 within the same areas of Land cover maps; and (3) contextualizes Land cover and LST patterns with census‐based demographic data and to draw inferences about the heat vulnerability implications.
Prognostic Value of the Time-to-Positivity in Blood Cultures from Septic Shock Patients with Bacteremia Receiving Protocol-Driven Resuscitation Bundle Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: To evaluate the prognostic value of the time-to-positivity in patients with culture-positive septic shock. Methods: Retrospective study using a prospective data registry was performed at the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. Consecutive adult patients with septic shock (N = 2499) were enrolled between 2014 and 2018. Bacteremia was defined using blood cultures, and viral and fungal pathogens were excluded. The primary outcome was the 28-day mortality. Results: In 803 (46.7%) septic shock patients with bacteremia, median TTP was 10.1 h. The most prevalent isolated bacterial pathogens were Escherichia coli (40.8%) and Klebsiella (23.4%). Although the TTP correlated with a higher sequential organ failure assessment score (Spearman’s rho = −0.12, p < 0.01), it showed no significant difference between the 28-day survivors and non-survivors (10.2 vs. 9.4 days, p = 0.35). In subgroup analysis of the Escherichia coli and Klebsiella bacteremia cases, a shorter TTP showed prognostic value for predicting the 28-day mortality. The optimal TTP cut-off for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella was 10 h and 8 h, respectively. Conclusions: The prognostic value of the TTP in septic shock patients receiving bundle therapy may be limited and its clinical interpretation should only be made on a pathogen-specific basis.
Self-supervised learning for time series classiﬁcation

Time series classiﬁcation (TSC) is an important and challenging problem in machine learning. In this work, we tackle the problem of TSC by ﬁrst applying a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model, and then applying a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the classiﬁcation. We report suboptimal results compared to the state-of-the-art, as the model is overﬁtting early in the training process. We believe that this issue might be overcome by tuning the hyperparameters more carefully.
DDDT_A_260703 5623..5632

*These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction: Paeoniflorin is a main active component in traditional Chinese medicine. Paeoniae alba radix is widely used as a spasmolytic and pain-relieving agent for abdominal spasmodic pain. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is characterized by pain or burning in the epigastrium, fullness, bloating and nausea. However, limited information is available about the effect of paeoniflorin on FD. Materials and Methods: In this study, iodoacetamide or clonidine-induced FD rat models were established to investigate the impacts of paeoniflorin on FD induced by different pathophysiologic disturbances. Results: We found the therapeutic effect of paeoniflorin through assessing the gastric emptying, gastric accommodation and visceral hypersensitivity. This function of paeoniflorin was related to the release of acetylcholine (ACh), which was accompanied by reduced acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in stomach and hypothalamus. Paeoniflorin administration inhibited the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and increased the level of ghrelin in the stomach. Besides, the levels of occludin and ZO-1 were elevated in the duodenum from paeoniflorin-treated rats, suggesting the impaired duodenal barrier was ameliorated. Discussion: These results indicate that paeoniflorin possesses the ability to alleviate functional dyspepsia.
AbaM Regulates Quorum Sensing, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence in <italic toggle='yes'>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic>

Acinetobacter baumannii possesses a single divergent luxR/luxRI-type quorum-sensing (QS) locus named abaR/abaI. This locus also contains a third gene located between abaR and abaI, which we term abaM, that codes for an uncharacterized member of the RsaM protein family known to regulate N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL)-dependent QS in other betaand gammaproteobacteria. Here, we show that disruption of abaM via a T26 insertion in A. baumannii strain AB5075 resulted in increased production of N-(3-hydroxydodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone and enhanced surface motility and biofilm formation. In contrast to the wild type and the abaI::T26 mutant, the virulence of the abaM::T26 mutant was completely attenuated in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Transcriptomic analysis of the abaM::T26 mutant revealed that AbaM differentially regulates at least 76 genes, including the csu pilus operon and the acinetin 505 lipopeptide biosynthetic operon, that are involved in surface adherence, biofilm formation and virulence. A comparison of the wild type, abaM::T26 and abaI::T26 transcriptomes, indicates that AbaM regulates ;21% of the QS regulon including the csu operon. Moreover, the QS genes (abaI and abaR) were among the most upregulated in the abaM::T26 mutant. A. baumannii lux-based abaM reporter gene fusions revealed that abaM expression is positively regulated by QS but negatively autoregulated. Overall, the data presented in this work demonstrates that AbaM plays a central role in regulating A. baumannii QS, virulence, surface motility, and biofilm formation. IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii is a multiantibiotic-resistant pathogen of global health care importance. Understanding Acinetobacter virulence gene regulation could aid the development of novel anti-infective strategies. In A. baumannii, the abaR and abaI genes that code for the receptor and synthase components of an N-acylhomoserine (AHL) lactone-dependent quorum sensing system (QS) are separated by abaM. Here, we show that although mutation of abaM increased AHL production, surface motility, and biofilm development, it resulted in the attenuation of virulence. AbaM was found to control both QS-dependent and QS-independent genes. The significance of this work lies in the identification of AbaM, an RsaM ortholog known to control virulence in plant pathogens, as a modulator of virulence in a human pathogen.