Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on Extraction, Physico Chemical Properties and Antibacterial activity of Chitosan from different crustacean shell wastes

In India export of processed and frozen shell products is that the backbone of sea food export industry. The waste generated from the worldwide production and process of shellfish could be a significant issue of growing magnitude and could be a threat to the surroundings. Particularly the assembly and consumption of crustaceans like crabs, mussels and prawns have enhanced within the recent years, thereby generating an outsized quantity of solid shell waste. It is essential to convert shell waste into helpful products like chitin, chitosan etc., by recycle and reducing the waste additionally as contribute towards profitable work and economic advantages. Chitosan is created from chitin by a chemical change involving demineralization (DM), deproteinization (DP), and deacetylation (DA). This research aims to comparative study was undertaken to extract chitosan from some crustacean shells ( Scylla serrate (mud crab), litopenaeus setiferus (white shrimp) and modiolus modiolus (horse mussel), wastes) and were subjected to physicochemical properties are moisture, ash, yields, degree of deacetylation, water, and fat binding capability were additionally determined. The active biomolecules like chitin and its derivatives undergoing a major and really quick development in the food application space. Therefore the current investigation is geared toward usage different shell waste by using it for work the bactericide activity against medically necessary pathogens. Finally, the tested materials were determined through disc diffusion technique against 3 strains of Gram-negative microorganism (Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and 2 Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis; staphylococcus aureus). This study suggests that Scylla serrate may well be used as a supply of high amount of chitosan than litopenaeus setiferus and modiolus modiolus and it is an advantage for elaborated studies. Hence, this treatment is effective for realizing recent bioactive compounds from natural sources which can enhance the invention and development of recent drugs. Our study conjointly pointed to the chance of using of chitosan as a natural supply of bactericide compounds.
The effect of advance letters on survey participation: The case of Ireland and the European Social Survey

The eﬀect of advance letters on survey participation: The case of Ireland and the European Social Survey. Survey Methods: Insights from the Field. Retrieved from The data used in this article is available for reuse from AUSSDA – The Austrian Social Science Data Archive. The data is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License and can be cited as: ”Replication Data for: The eﬀect of advance letters on survey participation: The case of Ireland and the European Social Survey” Abstract : Abstract : This study examined the eﬀects of advance letters on individual participation in the 2018 round of the European Social Survey in Ireland. As participation rates in household surveys have been in decline in many countries, understanding the impact of engagement strategies, such as prior contact, are crucial for ﬁeldwork planning and overall quality of data collection. Based on a natural experiment, we assessed the likelihood of individuals to take part in the survey comparing those who have received an advance letter with those who did not receive it. Contrary to previous evidence on the eﬀectiveness of prior contact, our results indicate that individuals in the sample that received an advance letter are less likely to take part in the survey. We discuss these results in light of an increasing public scepticism regarding social surveys and data privacy.
Acute Effects of Maximal Strength, Power Endurance and Interval Run Training on Na, K and Cl Levels in Elite (Professional) Basketball Players

The aim of this study is to determine the acute effects in sodium, potassium and chlorine levels in the plasma concentration of sportsmen in training types of maximal strength (MS), power endurance (PE) and interval run (IR), to find out the mineral requirements of professional sportsmen. The study included 24 male professional basketball players with the average of 22 years. In order to examine the effects of different training models, participants were divided into three groups (n=8 in each group); maximal strength (MS), power endurance (PE) and interval run (IR). In blood samples collected after different types of training, in IR and MS while Na and Cl levels were increasing, K levels decreased, only the increase at NA level in IR found out significant. While in PE, all of parameters (Na, K and Cl levels) were increasing, only the increase at C1 level observed significant. Besides, Na and C1 levels increased after each of the three training type (IR, MS and PE), while the K level (PE) was increasing in the training group, decreased in (MS) and (IR) group. Keywords: Endurance; Running; Some elements; Strength
The mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is a new and highly detrimental event that has influenced the world over Besides the obvious health risks, COVID-19 has also affected people psychologically The high risk of contamination can increase the perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety in individuals The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety Additionally, the study also investigated the role of gender, profession and income level in the perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety Method: The research sample was composed of 562 individuals from the community The data was gathered by using personal information form and the Perceived COVID-19 Threat Form, Self-Compassion Scale and Turkish Death Anxiety Scale Results: The relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety was partially mediated by self-compassion Moreover, people in the high income group had a lower level of perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety score compared to the low-income group Perceived COVID-19 threat levels were lower among health care professionals compared to unemployed individuals Female participants had a higher level of perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety score compared to male participants Discussion: Self-compassion may be an essential variable to help cope with problems related to perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety Improving our understanding of the psychological impacts of COVID-19 is necessary and essential
DETEKSI KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERBANKANSYARIAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF FRAUD TRIANGLE THEORY(Studi Empiris Pada Bank Umum Syariah tahun 2010-2014)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai efektifitas dari fraud triangle theory dalam mendeteksi kecurangan laporan keuangan di Perbankan syariah. variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah financial stability pressure yang di proksikan dengan ACHANGE, financial target yang diproksikan dengan ROA, external pressure yang diproksikan dengan dengan FREEC, effective monitoring yang diproksikan dengan IND. Pendeteksian kecurangan laporan keuangan perbankan syariah ini menggunakan manajemen laba. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Bank Umum Syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia sejak tahun 2010. Total sampel penelitian ini adalah 8 Bank Umum Syariah yang mempublikasikan laporan keuangannya mulai tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2014. Metode analisis data statistik yang digunakan adalah common effect model data panel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa financial stability pressure yang diproksikan dengan Total Perubahan Aset (ACHANGE), dan external pressure yang diproksikan dengan Rasio Arus Kas Bebas (FREEC) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan dan dapat mendeteksi kecurangan laporan keuangan diperbankan syariah. Sementara itu, financial target yang diproksikan dengan ROA dan effective monitoring yang diproksikan dengan IND tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan perbankan syariah. Kata kunci : Kecurangan laporan keuangan, financial stability pressure, financial target, external pressure, effective monitoring, manajemen laba, fraud triangle
Synthesis, design, and fabrication techniques for reconfigurable microwave and millimeter-wave filters

Hickle, Mark D. Ph.D., Purdue University, December 2016. Synthesis, Design, and Fabrication Techniques for Reconfigurable Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Filters. Major Professor: Dimitrios Peroulis. As wireless communication becomes increasingly ubiquitous, the need for radio receivers which can dynamically adjust to their operating environment grows more urgent. In order to realize reconfigurable receivers, tunable RF front-end components are needed. This dissertation focuses on the theory, design, and implementation of reconfigurable microwave and millimeter-wave filters for use in such receivers. First, a theoretical framework is developed for absorptive bandstop filters, a new class of bandstop filters which overcomes some of the limitations of traditional tunable bandstop filters caused by the use of lossy tunable resonators. This theory is used in conjunction with silicon-micromachining fabrication technology to realize the first ever tunable bandstop filter at W-Band frequencies, as well as a state-of-the-art Ka-band tunable bandstop filter. The problem of bandwidth variation in tunable filters is then addressed. Widelytunable filters often suffer from variations in bandwidth, excluding them from many applications which require constant bandwidth. A new method for reducing the bandwidth variation of filters using low-loss evanescent-mode cavity resonators is presented, and this technique is used to realize up to 90% reduction of bandwidth variation in octave-tunable bandstop filters. Lastly, a new differential coupling structure for evanescent-mode cavity resonators is developed, enabling the design of fully-balanced and balanced-to-unbalanced (balun) filters. An octave-tunable 3-pole bandpass balun filter using this coupling structure is presented. The balun filter has excellent amplitude and phase balance, resulting in common-mode rejection of greater than 40 dB across its octave tuning range.
Cognitive software defined radar: waveform design for clutter and interference suppression

Clutter and radio frequency interference (RFI) are prevalent issues in the field of radar and are specifically of interest to of cognitive radar. Here, methods for applying and testing the utility of cognitive radar for clutter and RFI mitigation are explored. Using the adaptable transmit capability, environmental database, and general “awareness” of a cognitive radar system (i.e. spectrum sensing, geographical location, etc.), a matched waveform is synthesized that improves the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR), assuming at least an estimate of the target response and the environmental clutter response are known a prior i. RFI may also be mitigated by sensing the RF spectrum and adapting the transmit center frequency and bandwidth using methods that optimize bandwidth and signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) (i.e. the spectrum sensing, multi-objective (SS-MO) algorithm). The improvement is shown by a decrease in the noise floor. The above methods’ effectiveness are examined via a test-bed developed around a software defined radio (SDR). Testing and the general use of commercial off the shelf (COTS) devices are desirable for their cost effectiveness, general ease of use, as well as technical and community support, but these devices provide design challenges in order to be effective. The universal software radio peripheral (USRP) X310 SDR is a relatively cheap and portable device that has all the system components of a basic cognitive radar. Design challenges of the SDR include phase coherency between channels, bandwidth limitations, dynamic range, and speed of computation and data communication / recording.
Disentangling snakebite dynamics in Colombia: How does rainfall and temperature drive snakebite temporal patterns?

The role of climate driving zoonotic diseases’ population dynamics has typically been addressed via retrospective analyses of national aggregated incidence records. A central question in epidemiology has been whether seasonal and interannual cycles are driven by climate variation or generated by socioeconomic factors. Here, we use compartmental models to quantify the role of rainfall and temperature in the dynamics of snakebite, which is one of the primary neglected tropical diseases. We took advantage of space-time datasets of snakebite incidence, rainfall, and temperature for Colombia and combined it with stochastic compartmental models and iterated filtering methods to show the role of rainfall-driven seasonality modulating the encounter frequency with venomous snakes. Then we identified six zones with different rainfall patterns to demonstrate that the relationship between rainfall and snakebite incidence was heterogeneous in space. We show that rainfall only drives snakebite incidence in regions with marked dry seasons, where rainfall becomes the limiting resource, while temperature does not modulate snakebite incidence. In addition, the encounter frequency differs between regions, and it is higher in regions where Bothrops atrox can be found. Our results show how the heterogeneous spatial distribution of snakebite risk seasonality in the country may be related to important traits of venomous snakes’ natural history.
Magnitude and associated factors of depression among prisoners in Wollega zones, Oromia region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Background Mental health is for everybody, but the individuals in prisons require more focus. Depression is a contributor to the global burden of disease and affects people in prisons in particular. There were limited studies on depression among prisoners. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the magnitude of depression and factors associated with it among prisoners in Wollega Zones Prisons, western Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 368 prisoners from June 1, 2019, up to August 1, 2019, in Wollega zones prisons. Data were collected by trained data collectors through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression model was computed to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms. In the final model, the strength of the association between independent variables and depression was measured using the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Then, in the final model, variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered factors significantly associated with depression. Results Of the total study respondents, 166/368 (45.1%) had symptoms of depression. Lack of job opportunity in prison (AOR = 6.64, 95%CI: 3.65, 12.06), not attending religious place at all (AOR = 3.51, 95%CI: 1.30,10.00), and Unsentenced for suspected crime (AOR = 7.36, 95%CI: 2.08, 26.04) were associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation This finding showed that the magnitude of depression in prisons was high. Prisoners in the young age group, attending religious places, being married, prisoners who were sentenced for suspected crime on timely and prisoners performing work in prison were less likely to have depression. The prison institution needs to facilitate income-generating activities in prison, promoting prisoners to attend their religious places and promoting timely sentencing.
A dominant mutation in β-AMYLASE1 disrupts nighttime control of starch degradation in Arabidopsis leaves

Abstract Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves possess a mechanism that couples the rate of nighttime starch degradation to the anticipated time of dawn, thus preventing premature exhaustion of starch and nighttime starvation. To shed light on the mechanism, we screened a mutagenized population of a starvation reporter line and isolated a mutant that starved prior to dawn. The mutant had accelerated starch degradation, and the rate was not adjusted to time of dawn. The mutation responsible led to a single amino acid change (S132N) in the starch degradation enzyme BETA-AMYLASE1 (BAM1; mutant allele named bam1-2D), resulting in a dominant, gain-of-function phenotype. Complete loss of BAM1 (in bam1-1) did not affect rates of starch degradation, while expression of BAM1(S132N) in bam1-1 recapitulated the accelerated starch degradation phenotype of bam1-2D. In vitro analysis of recombinant BAM1 and BAM1(S132N) proteins revealed no differences in kinetic or stability properties, but in leaf extracts, BAM1(S132N) apparently had a higher affinity than BAM1 for an established binding partner required for normal rates of starch degradation, LIKE SEX FOUR1 (LSF1). Genetic approaches showed that BAM1(S132N) itself is likely responsible for accelerated starch degradation in bam1-2D and that this activity requires LSF1. Analysis of plants expressing BAM1 with alanine or aspartate rather than serine at position 132 indicated that the gain-of-function phenotype is not related to phosphorylation status at this position. Our results strengthen the view that control of starch degradation in wild-type plants involves dynamic physical interactions of degradative enzymes and related proteins with a central role for complexes containing LSF1.
Movement patterns of the functional reach test do not reflect physical function in healthy young and older participants

The relationship of the Functional Reach Test (FRT) value with the Center of Pressure Excursion (COPE) and physical function remains unclear, and would be influenced by different population characteristics and movement patterns used in the FRT. Therefore, we explored the relationship between the FRT value and the COPE and physical function in healthy young and older individuals classified according to movement patterns. In 21 healthy young participants (42 sides) and 20 older participants (40 sides), three-dimensional motion analysis was performed during the FRT and physical function assessments. The participants were assigned to two clusters after performing a motion analysis during the FRT. Kinematic and kinetic parameters during the FRT and physical function assessment results were compared between the clusters for both groups. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationships of the FRT value with COPE and physical function parameters in each cluster, in young and older individuals separately. The results showed that the hip strategies could be divided into two groups according to the degree of use (Small Hip Strategy, SHS Group; Large Hip Strategy, LHS Group). In the older SHS group, the FRT values were significantly correlated with the COPE (r = 0.75), toe grip strength (r = 0.62), and the five-times sit-to-stand test time (r = -0.52). In the older LHS group and in both groups of young individuals, there were no significant correlations of the FRT value with any parameters. The FRT value reflects the COPE and physical function only in older individuals using the SHS. This could explain previous discrepant results. As there is no simple relationship between the FRT value and physical function, it is important to include movement strategy assessment when using the FRT in clinical evaluations.
GWAS on multiple traits identifies mitochondrial ACONITASE3 as important for acclimation to submergence stress

Abstract Flooding causes severe crop losses in many parts of the world. Genetic variation in flooding tolerance exists in many species; however, there are few examples for the identification of tolerance genes and their underlying function. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 387 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions. Plants were subjected to prolonged submergence followed by desubmergence, and seven traits (score, water content, Fv/Fm, and concentrations of nitrate, chlorophyll, protein, and starch) were quantified to characterize their acclimation responses. These traits showed substantial variation across the range of accessions. A total of 35 highly significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified across the 20 GWA datasets, pointing to 22 candidate genes, with functions in TCA cycle, DNA modification, and cell division. Detailed functional characterization of one candidate gene, ACONITASE3 (ACO3), was performed. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing showed that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the ACO3 promoter co-located with the binding site of the master regulator of retrograde signaling ANAC017, while subcellular localization of an ACO3-YFP fusion protein confirmed a mitochondrial localization during submergence. Analysis of mutant and overexpression lines determined changes in trait parameters that correlated with altered submergence tolerance and were consistent with the GWAS results. Subsequent RNA-seq experiments suggested that impairing ACO3 function increases the sensitivity to submergence by altering ethylene signaling, whereas ACO3 overexpression leads to tolerance by metabolic priming. These results indicate that ACO3 impacts submergence tolerance through integration of carbon and nitrogen metabolism via the mitochondrial TCA cycle and impacts stress signaling during acclimation to stress.
Update to the USDA-ARS Fixed-Wing Spray Nozzle Models

The current USDA-ARS aerial spray nozzle models were updated to reflect both new standardized measurement methods and systems as well as to increase operational spray pressure, aircraft airspeed, and nozzle orientation angle limits. The new models were developed using both central composite design and custom design response surface methodologies, which provide excellent fits to independently measured data (R values ranging from 0.81 to 0.99) for all droplet size parameters. The new models also updated the droplet size classification ratings by adopting a previously recommended set of nozzles and operational pressures that provide similar data to ASABE Standard Reference nozzles but are evaluated under aerial application conditions (primarily airspeed). Generally, for flat fan and deflection type nozzles, the new models result in increases to predicted DV0.1 data (droplet diameter at which 10% of the total spray volume is contained in droplets of equal or lesser diameter), decreases in DV0.5 and DV0.9 data (similar to DV0.1 but 50% and 90% of total spray volume), and increases in the percent of spray contained in droplets of 200 μm diameter or smaller. With straight stream nozzles, the DV0.1, DV0.5, and DV0.9 trends tend to be reversed. Droplet size classifications with the new models for flat fan and deflector type nozzles tend to shift ratings downward, as compared to the current models, with classes centered around fine and medium sprays. However, with straight stream nozzles, droplet size classifications tend to shift ratings upward as compared to the current models. The updated models will be used to populate spreadsheet and mobile device software-based user interfaces to provide aerial applicators with droplet size information for an increased range of nozzles and operational settings, allowing for better nozzle selection and operational guidance.