Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Assessment of Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women Leading to Malnutrition

Background: Pregnancy is a wonderful physiological period to be in. Maternal sustenance and wellbeing are significant variables that influence embryonic development. Maternal malnutrition has a significant, serious and long-term impact on the mother and children which plays an important role in premature birth, still birth condition and also affects their fetus. Consequently, it is important to assess the nourishing status of pregnant women to stay away from complications Objective: To determine the nutritional health of pregnant women who are at risk of malnutrition. Materials and methods: An observational study was directed to evaluate healthful status of pregnant ladies. The wholesome state of 150 pregnant ladies going to ANC in tertiary consideration medical care was evaluated. A fundamental arbitrary system was utilized to pick the subjects. Educated assent and moral endorsement were acquired. Information was acquired by utilizing information assortment structures which included patient demographics, income anthropometric measurements and 24 hr dietary history. The information was analyzed with SPSS programming and genuinely classified utilizing recurrence and rate, just as the chi-square test was utilized. Results: A sum of 150 pregnant ladies were included in the study , of which larger part 67.3% of them were in the age gathering of 20-25 years and few of them 4.0% were <20 years of age.BMI of most of the pregnant women 58.7%(88) was normal, few of them 11.3%(17) were overweight and 30%(45) of them were underweight.BMI had significant relationship with nutritional status (P value=0.000**). Majority of them had mild anemia 72(48.0%), some of them 64(42.7%) had normal hemoglobin and few of them 14(9.3%) had moderate anemia(P value=0.000**). 92%(138) of the pregnant women had high food diversity and 8%(12) of them had medium food diversity (P value=0.002). By assessing the data we found that 62(41.3%) of them were malnourished and 88(58.7%) of them were well nourished. Conclusion: The study's findings demonstrate the general well-being significance of undernutrition among pregnant women in the study area. Wholesome status of pregnant ladies was influenced by variables like Income, Type of family, Hemoglobin levels, their weight record and furthermore their dietary intake.
EFFECT OF MATERNAL VITAMIN D3 DEFICIENCY ON DENTINOGENESIS IN RATS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D3 insufficiency has become a severe health problem that affects more than one billion people worldwide. Maternal vitamin D3 deficiency can induce dentin defects during tooth development. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the biological effect of maternal vitamin D3 deficiency on dentinogenesis of the rat offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve female Albino rats were used. Rats were divided randomly into two equal groups. In the control group, rats were fed normal balanced diet and exposed to the normal light/dark cycle. In the study group, rats were housed in incandescent light devoid of ultraviolet B-light and fed a diet free of vitamin D3.Vitamin D3 level in the serum was measured every two weeks till reached vitamin D3 deficiency. Female rats were mated to be pregnant. At the fourth day after labor, two pups were taken from the litter of each mother. The dentinogenesis of the developing mandibular first molars was examined by the light and transmission electron microscope and evaluated by histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS: Vitamin D3 deficiency harmfully affected odontoblast differentiation, dentin formation and mineralization. CONCLUSION: Maternal vitamin D3 deficiency during tooth development has an adverse effect on odontoblast differentiation, dentin formation and mineralization.
ICTP Lectures on Covariant Quantization of the Superstring

These ICTP Trieste lecture notes review the pure spinor approach to quantizing the superstring with manifest D=10 super-Poincare invariance. The first section discusses covariant quantization of the superparticle and gives a new proof of equivalence with the Brink-Schwarz superparticle. The second section discusses the superstring in a flat background and shows how to construct vertex operators and compute tree amplitudes in a manifestly super-Poincare covariant manner. And the third section discusses quantization of the superstring in curved backgrounds which can include Ramond-Ramond flux.
Correlations of AKR index with Kp and Dst indices

After initial observations of Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR), their associations with substorms had been intensively investigated during 1970's. Herein we extend these studies and propose a new index available for substorm studies, named the AKR index. We define the AKR index by the power flux of AKR normalized to a reference distance from the Earth. The AKR index is found to show good correlations with Kp and Dst indices for weak magnetic disturbances. The A.KR index tends to saturate for moderate and severe disturbance.
Performance Analysis of Connection Establishment Procedure Under Beamforming in 5G NR Networks

High demand for reliability, low latency, seamless connectivity lead to the 5G era. 5G cellular networks employ a random access based preamble transmission procedure for the initial locking of User Equipment (UEs) to a base station (gNB) and uplink resource scheduling. It is of utmost importance that we evaluate the factors that aid and those that limit the random access procedure in achieving its envisaged goal. In this paper, we develop an analytical model for random access procedure for connection establishment in 5G when beamforming is employed. The random access medium is modelled as a multi-channel slotted Aloha system. We use an equilibrium point analysis framework to derive the performance metrics namely, the rate at which UEs can lock on to a gNB and the average and variance of the time taken by a new UE to establish connection with the base station. We analyse the impact of the retransmission limit and the number of available preambles for random access on the performance of connection establishment of a UE. Our analysis brings out the importance of the choice of base station configurations with respect to the user demographics of a 5G NR cell.
Infrared Maximally Abelian Gauge

The confinement scenario in Maximally Abelian gauge (MAG) is based on the concepts of Abelian dominance and of dual superconductivity. Recently, several groups pointed out the possible existence in MAG of ghost and gluon condensates with mass dimension 2, which in turn should influence the infrared behavior of ghost and gluon propagators. We present preliminary results for the first lattice numerical study of the ghost propagator and of ghost condensation for pure SU(2) theory in the MAG.
Machine Learning to Identify Three Types of Oceanic Fronts Associated with the Changjiang Diluted Water in the East China Sea between 1997 and 2021

Long-term sea surface salinity (SSS) in the East China Sea (ECS) was estimated based on Ocean Color Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) data using machine learning during the summer season (June to September) from 1997 to 2021. Changjiang diluted water (CDW) in the ECS propagates northeastward and forms longitudinally-oriented ocean fronts. To determine the CDW’s distribution, three fronts were investigated: (1) a CDW front based on chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl), SSS, and sea surface temperature (SST); (2) a CDW front based on sea surface density (SSD); and (3) a CDW front for nutrient distribution. The Chl fronts matched well with the SSS fronts, suggesting that Chl variation in the ECS is highly correlated with the CDW. Furthermore, the SSD fronts spatially matched well with nitrogen concentration. Sea level anomaly (SLA) variation with SSD was also detected, indicating that CDW had sufficiently large effects on SLA so that they may be detectable by altimeter measurements. This result suggests that the influence of steric height changes and the inflow from rivers are significant in the ECS. Additionally, the continuous long-term SSD developed in this study enables researchers to detect the CDW front and its influence on the ECS marine environment.
Assessment of Absorbed Radiation Dose of Some Soft and Hard Oral Tissues after Panoramic and Cone Beam CT Radiograph

Purpose: The goal of the this study is to measure absorbed dose of oral tissues such as oral mucosa, salivary gland and bone after exposure to ionizing radiation through panoramic radiograph and cone beam CT. Subjects and Methods: about 50 Egyptian patients were selected in this study who were referred to the department of oral medicine, periodontology, oral diagnosis & radiology, Faculties of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar university for panoramic or cone beam examination for various dental purposes. Patients were divided into two groups (25 patients each). First Group was subjected to panoramic examination and the second one was subjected to cone beam examination. The systems used were a Planmeca Viso CBCT and Orthopantomogram OP-100 panorama. Assessment of the patient radiation dose was done by thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) on the patients. The absorbed radiation dose is then recorded. Data was then analyzed, and statistical calculations were performed. Results: The absorbed radiation skin doses ranged between (130 µGy, 2817.8 µGy) in panorama and (327.99 µGy, 11994 µGy) in CBCT for one exposure. When digital panoramic unit and CBCT were compared, panoramic imaging is 25-37% of CBCT. Parotid gland and oral mucosa absorbed the greatest radiation dose for all panoramic and CBCT patients. CBCT radiation doses are considerably higher than those of digital panoramic unit. Conclusion: The prospective benefits of CBCT in maxillofacial disciplinary are undoubted; but, it is important that their use be totally justified above conventional technique before they are done.
Ergonomic evaluation of school furniture in Slovenia: From primary school to university

BACKGROUND: Adequate school furniture is important to prevent musculoskeletal discomfort among students. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of school furniture compared to body dimensions of students. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included a total of 442 students from primary school, secondary school, and university. Nine body dimensions along with five furniture dimensions were measured and equations for mismatch criteria were applied. RESULTS: In primary school, differences in body dimensions were more evident among students of different age, while in secondary school and university, differences between male and female students became more apparent. The mismatch for desk height ranged from 100.0% at primary school to 48.0% at university. Similarly, the seat height mismatch was the most evident in primary school (89.7% –94.6%), lower at university (52.0%) and the lowest in secondary school (18.0%). The seat depth mismatch was present among all groups, ranging from 23.1% to 40.4%, and was in general more pronounced in males. Seat to desk clearance mismatch was the most evident among secondary school students. In primary school, seat and desk height were generally too high for most of students. CONCLUSIONS: Specific differences in body dimensions among groups of students of different age and gender were observed and a high student-furniture mismatch was identified in all educational institutions. Implementation of adjustable school furniture, covering at least two size marks, is needed to provide ergonomic and healthy learning conditions and to further enhance the comfort and well-being of students in the classroom.
Dopamine D2 Receptor Signaling Attenuates Acinar Cell Necroptosis in Acute Pancreatitis through the Cathepsin B/TFAM/ROS Pathway

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease that is associated with trypsinogen activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell death, and inflammation. Dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) plays an essential role in alleviating AP, while it is unclear whether it is involved in regulating acinar cell necroptosis. Here, we found that DRD2 agonist quinpirole alleviated acinar cell necroptosis via inhibiting cathepsin B (CTSB). Moreover, CTSB inhibition by CA-074Me ameliorated AP severity by reducing necroptosis. Notably, knockdown of TFAM reversed the therapeutic effect of either quinpirole or CA-074Me. We identified a new mechanism that DRD2 signaling inhibited CTSB and promoted the expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A(TFAM), leading to reduction of ROS production in AP, which attenuated acinar cell necroptosis ultimately. Collectively, our findings provide new evidence that DRD2 agonist could be a new potential therapeutic strategy for AP treatment.
EVALUATING DETERMINANTS OF PROPERTY TAX REASSESSMENT: MALAYSIAN PRACTITIONERS’ PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS

Property tax plays an essential role in funding local government overheads to provide basic services for residents. However, too little research has stressed the importance of property tax assessment quality, especially in terms of reassessment. The absence of a regular and frequent reassessment process leads to distortions in tax payments, lower revenue generation, and a higher risk of significant increases in tax liability. A preliminary survey was conducted to unpack the determinants of property tax reassessment to address this issue. Survey data from 37 officers revealed that nine of the identified determinants have a significant and positive impact on the successful implementation of property tax reassessment in Malaysia, with staff capacity an essential aspect. The neighbouring municipality influence appears to play a less impactful role. These findings highlight the success factors in conducting property tax reassessment activity, which would assist the long-term success of local authorities. Despite the importance of property tax implementation for the local authorities, this research suggests that organisations should also ensure the quality of property tax and its frequent reassessment to enhance overall performance.
Enculturation, Education and Sustainable Development: Understanding the Impact of Culture and Education on Climate Change

Education should play an important role in sustainable development. However, we were also faced with the enculturation in the education systems that contribute to the literacy of the environmental issue and challenges in maintaining sustainable development. In this review, we aimed to synthesize the recent research findings on how enculturation was developed among students through social and cultural factors and the role of education for sustainable development. In synthesizing the enculturation in the education system, we found several contributing social and cultural factors such as family cultural background and parental values, school systems, teachers’ beliefs, and the attitudes and appraisal of students used in the different school environments. Co-existing differences were also found when examining the environmental issue literacy among students from different cultures in the studies along with energy literacy and ocean literacy from cross-cultural studies perspectives. Drawing on these findings, we further add on how education for sustainable development in different cultures was integrated and emphasized in their existing school curricula to help other cultures to learn more about how education for sustainable development was developed across cultural contexts.
Prevalencia del riesgo de depresión y preocupaciones en mujeres gestantes en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en Antioquia, Colombia, 2020-2021

RESUMEN Objetivos: Describir la prevalencia de los síntomas de depresión y las preocupaciones que afectaron a las gestantes durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo, se incluyeron mujeres gestantes, con acceso a un medio tecnológico (celular, computador o tableta) y conectividad a internet, residentes en Antioquia, Colombia. Se excluyeron mujeres con analfabetismo literario y tecnológico. Se encuestaron, en línea, las condiciones sociodemográficas y clínicas basales y las principales preocupaciones generadas por la pandemia, además se aplicó la Escala de Depresión de Edimburgo (EPDS) para medir el riesgo de depresión. Se usó el software Jamovi para el procesamiento y análisis estadístico. Resultados: Se encuestaron 345 mujeres gestantes de 15 a 44 años, se identificó una prevalencia de riesgo de depresión en 30,4 % de las mujeres encuestadas. Se identificó violencia intrafamiliar en el 4,9 % y ausencia de red de apoyo en el 8,4 %. Se encontraron como mayores preocupaciones temor a ser separadas del bebé el día del parto, la posibilidad de no tener acompañante durante el parto, y temor al contagio por los efectos en el bebé in útero o en el recién nacido. Conclusiones: Los síntomas de depresión han sido frecuentes en las mujeres gestantes durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Es importante averiguar por factores de estrés y síntomas de depresión en el control prenatal, el parto y el postparto. Se requieren nuevos estudios locales que evalúen otros trastornos de salud mental que se hayan podido incrementar durante la pandemia por COVID-19.
Effect of Transparent, Purple, and Yellow Shellac Microcapsules on the Optical Properties and Self-Healing Performance of Waterborne Coatings

Three kinds of melamine-formaldehyde (MF) microcapsules, containing transparent shellac, purple shellac, and yellow shellac as core curing agents, were synthesized via in situ polymerization, and then were embedded into the water-based acrylic resin coatings according to the concentrations of 0, 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0%, 12.0%, and 15.0%, respectively, to obtain waterborne films with different microcapsule contents. The color of different shellacs was relevant to the color parameters of the self-healing waterborne film. The content of microcapsules was negatively correlated with the chromatic aberration of the surface of waterborne films. When the content of microcapsules was 0–6.0%, the chromatic aberration of waterborne films was relatively low. The content of microcapsules and the color of the different shellacs would affect the light transmittance of waterborne films. Among all samples, the light transmittance of the waterborne film containing 3.0% transparent shellac microcapsules was the highest. The microcapsules with different colors of shellac in waterborne films had different self-repairing effects. When the content of microcapsules did not exceed 6.0%, the tensile repair rate of the waterborne film containing yellow shellac encapsulated microcapsules was the highest, at 47.19%. The scratch experiment illustrated that the scratch width of the waterborne coating with yellow shellac microcapsules decreased most significantly, and the width change rate was 73.0% after 5 days. The coating containing the 3.0% yellow shellac microcapsule has the best comprehensive performance on optical and self-healing properties. Exploring the influence of shellac resin’s color and the microcapsules’ content on the waterborne film provides technical references for the application of shellac in waterborne coatings and contribute to the further development of the preparation process of self-healing coatings.
Potential of economical productivity of faba bean/onion intercropping patterns under North Sinai conditions.

A field experiment was conducted during two seasons in North Sinai, to study the effects of intercropping and density treatments on yield and the productivity of faba bean and onion plants. Combinations of intercropping and density treatments were used. The experimental design used in this study was RCBD with three replicates in five treatments: single faba beans, and single onions, as well as the three intermodal patterns (faba beans: onions) with the substitution method due to changed density ratios. Three intercropping patterns include different areas of faba bean and onions. The intercropping area ratios occupied by faba bean and onion were 11.8:88.2%, 7.6:92.4% and 4.9:95.1%, respectively, for the three respective manners. Intercropping effects were significant for yields of each crop species. On average, monoculture faba bean yielded 1.965 and 0.462 ton/fed seed dry and straw yields, respectively, as well as a sole onion of 15.95 ton/fed bulb yield. The mean faba bean seeds dry yield and, straw decreased by 17.2% and 3.4%, respectively while, bulbs yield increased by 82.6% when the faba bean plants densities/m 2 , in the intercrop, decreased from 4.0 to 2.9 plants/m 2 while increasing the onion plants rate/m 2 from 30 to 50 plants/m 2 . The highest total intercrop yield of 15.125 ton/fed and a gross monetary value of 12853 L.E. was obtained when onion intercropped with faba bean in an intercropping pattern of F 3 O 3 (including 50 and 2.9 plants/m 2 for onion and faba bean, respectively). The gross monetary value followed the same trend as the total land equivalent ratio.
Optical functions and electronic structure of CuInSe 2 , CuGaSe 2 , CuInS 2 , and CuGaS 2

We report on the complex dielectric tensor components of four chalcopyrite semiconductors in the optical energy range (1.4-5.2 eV, from 0.9 eV for CuInSe2) determined at room temperature by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Our results were obtained on single crystals of CuInSe2, CuGaSe2, CuInS2, and CuGaS2. Values of refractive indices n, extinction coefficients k and normal-incidence reflectivity R in the two different polarizations are given and compared with earlier data where available. We analyze in detail the structures of the dielectric function observed in the studied energy region. Critical-point parameters of electronic transitions are obtained from fitting of numerically calculated second-derivative spectra. Experimental energies and polarizations are discussed on the basis of published band structure calculations.
Functionally Possible Scan-Based Test Set as a Dual of a Compressed Multicycle Test Set

Functionally possible scan-based tests create functional operation conditions during their functional capture cycles. This is important for avoiding failures that are caused by nonfunctional operation conditions rather than faults. However, the fault coverage achievable by functionally possible scan-based tests is lower than that achieved by unconstrained scan-based tests. In addition, the tests are fully specified, limiting the applicability of both test compaction and test data compression. This article introduces an approach, where a multicycle functionally possible scan-based test set is obtained from a compressed test set <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as a dual of the unconstrained multicycle scan-based test set that <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula> produces. A dual functionally possible scan-based test is obtained by replacing the scan-in state of an unconstrained test with the all-zero state (or the initial state of the circuit for functional operation). The procedure described in this article modifies a given compressed multicycle test set to improve the fault coverage achieved by the dual functionally possible scan-based test set. Experimental results for benchmark circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.