Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders of the family Idiopidae (Mygalomorphae : Arbanitinae): a relimitation and revision at the generic level

Abstract. The Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders of the family Idiopidae (subfamily Arbanitinae) are revised at the generic level, using a multi-locus molecular phylogenetic foundation and comprehensive sampling of all known lineages. We propose a new family- and genus-group classification for the monophyletic Australasian fauna, and recognise 10 genera in four tribes. The Arbanitini Simon includes Arbanitis L. Koch, 1874 (61 species), Blakistonia Hogg, 1902 (one species) and Cantuaria Hogg, 1902 (43 species). The Aganippini Simon includes Bungulla Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, gen. nov. (two species), Eucanippe Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, gen. nov. (one species), Eucyrtops Pocock, 1897 (two species), Gaius Rainbow, 1914 (one species) and Idiosoma Ausserer, 1871 (14 species). The Cataxiini Rainbow and Euoplini Rainbow include just Cataxia Rainbow, 1914 (11 species) and Euoplos Rainbow, 1914 (12 species), respectively. Two distinctive new genera of Aganippini are described from Western Australia, and several previously valid genera are recognised as junior synonyms of existing genus-group names, including Misgolas Karsch, 1878 (= Arbanitis; new synonymy), Aganippe O. P.-Cambridge, 1877 (= Idiosoma; new synonymy) and Anidiops Pocock, 1897 (= Idiosoma; new synonymy). Gaius stat. rev. is further removed from synonymy of Anidiops. Other previously hypothesised generic synonyms are supported by both morphology and molecular phylogenetic data from 12 genes, including the synonymy of Neohomogona Main, 1985 and Homogona Rainbow, 1914 with Cataxia, and the synonymy of Albaniana Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918, Armadalia Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918, Bancroftiana Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 and Tambouriniana Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 with Euoplos. At the species level, the identifications of Eucy. latior (O. P.-Cambridge, 1877) and I. manstridgei (Pocock, 1897) are clarified, and three new species are described: Bungulla bertmaini Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, sp. nov., Eucanippe bifida Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, sp. nov. and Idiosoma galeosomoides Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, sp. nov., the latter remarkable for its phragmotic abdominal morphology. The Tasmanian species Mygale annulipes C. L. Koch, 1842 is here transferred to the genus Stanwellia Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 (family Nemesiidae), comb. nov., Arbanitis mestoni Hickman, 1928 is transferred to Cantuaria, comb. nov. and Idiosoma hirsutum Main, 1952 is synonymised with I. sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870), new synonymy. In addition to the morphological synopses and an illustrated key to genera, molecular diagnoses are presented for all nominal taxa, along with live habitus and burrow images to assist in field identification. The Australasian idiopid fauna is highly diverse, with numerous new species known from all genera. As a result, this study provides a taxonomic and nomenclatural foundation for future species-level analyses, and a single reference point for the monographic documentation of a remarkable fauna.
A morphological study of some South African lamellicorn larvae. II. Comparative morphology

In the present paper a comparison is made between the morphological structures of some foreign species of lamellicorns and the following eight South African species, which have been descriptionbed in a previous paper (Oberholzer, 1959) namely: Oryctes boas Fabric. (Dynastidae); Hypopholis sommeri Burm. Asthenopholis subfasciata Blanch. , and Camenta innocua Boh. (Melolonthidae); Anomala similis Lansb. (Rutelidae); Pachnoda impressa Goldf. , Hypselogenia geotrupina Billb. and Diplognatha gagates Fabric, var. silicea McLeay (Cetoniidae).
Educational Technology Research Patterns in the Realm of the Digital Knowledge Age

Educational technology (EdTech) is a dynamic, evolving field and as such, in identifying and mapping research patterns in this field, a systematic approach is required. Starting from when the World Wide Web became publicly available, this study conducts a systematic review of educational technology research patterns. The review showed that after 1993, there was a sudden increase in the number of educational technology publications, and that in terms of subject areas, social sciences dominate the field, which suggests that there is a need for more interdisciplinary research. Regarding the geographical distribution of the research, the review found that most of the contributions come from the same developed countries. The following themes from over the course of almost three decades were identified: 1993–1999 multimedia learning and instructional design; 2000–2004 convergence of educational technology, distance education and online learning environments, and educational technology integration in traditional learning settings; 2005–2009 revising curriculum for educational technology, educational technology in higher education and distance education, and the bottleneck of the significant differences in educational technology research; 2010–2014 online learning and higher education, integration of ICT and full potential of educational technology; and 2015–2019 data-driven, smart educational technology, big data, and learning analytics. While critical views are increasing, this study also observed that some discourse, such as arguments that EdTech will change education and replace teachers, are constantly articulated throughout the literature.
Masters-level Teacher Preparation

This chapter explores the idea of Masters-level Initial Teacher Education (ITE), beginning by looking at the wider global context which reflects a drive towards increasing Masters-level ITE, but with limited empirical evidence as to its effectiveness and a variety of claims as to its potential impact. It then goes on to examine aspects of the policy context in Scotland that are influence a growing move towards increased Masters-level ITE. This is followed by an overview of current practices, identifying three broad approaches: credits in courses, integrated Masters and full Masters. The chapter concludes by suggesting that while the direction of travel is clear, the underpinning rationale is much less so.
Characterizing surface soil layer saturated hydraulic conductivity in a Mediterranean natural watershed

ABSTRACT Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks ) is a key parameter in hydrology, although obtaining representative Ks values especially in natural watersheds is challenging due to its variability in space and time and the difficulties in field measurements. In this study, the challenges and limitations in characterizing the surface soil layer Ks in a Mediterranean natural watershed are presented, based on the analysis of long-term field data and of detailed hydrological data covering a 14-year period (2005–2018). The obtained results indicate a generally high spatial variability at all scales, while there seems to be a dominance of small-scale variability, which complicates the determination of representative Ks values characterizing the watershed. The temporal variability was less profound; however, temporal stability of Ks seems to be a significant issue after major disturbances such as wildfires. The results highlight the challenges and limitations in the setup and parameterization of hydrological models, especially in ungauged watersheds.
Formulation and optimization of captopril-loaded microspheres based compressed tablets: in vitro evaluation

Abstract The core objective of this work was to formulate compressed tablets containing captopril-loaded microspheres for controlled delivery. Captopril is rapidly absorbed orally and has a bioavailability of ∼75%. The duration of action after a single oral dose is 6–8 h. Due to its relatively short half-life, a controlled released captopril formulation would bring benefits to patients, including reduction in frequency of administration, increased patient compliance and effectiveness of treatment, reduction in plasma concentration fluctuations, as well as a reduction in side effects. Double emulsification technique accompanied by solvent evaporation was employed for manufacturing captopril-loaded microspheres. Developed polymeric carriers were characterized for particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency, DSC, TGA, XRD, EDS, SEM, swelling index, and release studies. Microspheres have displayed spherical geometry and a size within micrometric range. They have shown high encapsulation efficiency (95%) at polymer to drug ratio (1:5:5). All the ingredients were compatible with each other. Optimized formulation ST1 has depicted zero-order drug release. Graphical Abstract
Phytochemical screening of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) seeds extract

The paper deals the chemical composition of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) seeds. The antibacterial activities of the guar seeds crude extract were determined against Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The chemical constituents were determined by quantifying ash, fat, fibers, moisture, protein and minerals. The results showed that the seeds contained 4.53% ash, 3.32 % fat, 11.06% fiber, 10.0% moisture and 33.25% protein. The most abundant minerals and fatty acids detected in guar seeds were iron (465 ppm) and cis-linoleic acid (53.89%), respectively. Essential and non-essential amino acids were present in guar seeds
Where Have All the Nutrients Gone? Long‐Term Decoupling of Inputs and Outputs in the Willamette River Watershed, Oregon, United States

Better documentation and understanding of long‐term temporal dynamics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in watersheds is necessary to support effective water quality management, in part because studies have identified time lags between terrestrial nutrient balances and water quality. We present annual time series data from 1969 to 2012 for terrestrial N and P sources and monthly data from 1972 to 2013 for river N and P for the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, United States. Inputs to the watershed increased by factors of 3 for N and 1.2 for P. Synthetic fertilizer inputs increased in total and relative importance over time, while sewage inputs decreased. For N, increased fertilizer application was not matched by a proportionate increase in crop harvest; N use efficiency decreased from 69% to 38%. P use efficiency increased from 52% to 67%. As nutrient inputs to terrestrial systems increased, river concentrations and loads of total N, total P, and dissolved inorganic P decreased, and annual nutrient loads were strongly related to discharge. The N:P ratio of both sewage and fertilizer doubled over time but there was no similar trend in riverine export; river N:P concentrations declined dramatically during storms. River nutrient export over time was related to hydrology and waste discharge, with relatively little influence of watershed balances, suggesting that accumulation within soils or groundwater over time is mediating watershed export. Simply managing yearly nutrient balances is unlikely to improve water quality; rather, many factors must be considered, including soil and groundwater storage capacity, and gaseous loss pathways.
Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis of Ovis Aries Knee Joint Meniscus: Does it Have Any Similarity with Human Meniscus?

Background: Meniscus plays a pivotal role in normal function of knee joint and is exposed to heavy load of pressure and trauma. The aim in this study is to investigate ultrastructure of medial and lateral meniscus of Ovis aries, in addition to comparing the findings with human meniscal structure. Methods: 14 samples of freshly-excised meniscus of ovis aries were provided. After conventional preparation, the samples were studied via electron microscopy (EM) and its elements were microanalyzed. Results: In the macroscopic evaluation, the meniscus surface was completely smooth, but in the microscopic observation, longitudinal ridges and grooves were observed. In addition, several types of cells that were different morphologically and bundles of collagen fibers were observed. The major direction of collagen fibers was circumferentially, but there were radial fibers as well. In the microanalysis of the ovis aris meniscus, the following elements were present: sodium, carbon, and oxygen, with sodium having the highest percentage among the elements. In medial meniscus of the samples, a small amount of calcium was detected. Conclusion: By comparing the present findings with those of other studies, many similarities were observed between ultrastructure of ovis aries and human knee meniscus. The compatibility in the ultrastructures will imply the possibility of application of this specimen for xenograft meniscal transplant procedure.
Is there a relationship between mandibular cortical bone thickness and orthodontic treatment time?

OBJECTIVES To determine whether there was a correlation between patients' bone thickness and time spent in orthodontic treatment. The secondary aim was to study the influence of Angle classification, extraction treatment, and age on overall treatment duration. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, records of 971 orthodontic patients from two centers were reviewed and 500 subjects were included after imposing inclusion/exclusion criteria. The Mental Index was used to determine patients' bone density. For the Mental Index, a line perpendicular to the inferior border of the mandible was drawn on a panoramic radiograph so that it intersected the inferior border of the mental foramen. The mandibular cortical thickness was measured along this line. Two-sample t-test or a chi-square test, followed by multiple linear regression, were used to identify the factors affecting treatment duration. RESULTS Mandibular cortical thickness was negatively associated with treatment time for all subjects (P < .05). After adjusting for covariables, it remained significant for center-1, but non-significant for center-2 subjects. Angle Class II and Class III malocclusion, extraction therapy, and age had significant positive correlations with treatment duration (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS There is a negative correlation between the mandibular cortical thickness and orthodontic treatment duration. An extraction treatment plan and treatment of Angle Class II and Class III malocclusions significantly increase the duration of orthodontic treatment. Additionally, patients over 12 years of age have shorter treatment times compared to patients under 12 years of age.
Understanding Factors Influencing Elderly Diabetic Patients’ Continuance Intention to Use Digital Health Wearables: Extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

Elderly diabetic patients in developed countries have been widely using digital health wearables for many years to manage their diabetes-related health data accurately. To encourage the increased adoption of digital health wearables among elderly diabetic patients in a developing country, Bangladesh, this study investigated the factors that influenced the existing elderly users’ continuance intention to use this technology. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been used here as a theoretical basis. A model using structural equation modelling was developed for the elderly diabetic patients’ continuance intention to use digital health wearables. Survey-based data were collected in Bangladesh from 223 diabetic patients aged sixty years and older. This study found that all six constructs, namely, perceived usefulness (β = 0.183), perceived ease of use (β = 0.165), perceived irreplaceability (β = 0.138), perceived credibility (β = 0.165), compatibility (β = 0.285) and social influence (β = 0.226) had a positive influence on elderly diabetic patients’ continuance intention to use digital health wearables. Along with the theoretical contributions, the findings of this study can be used by developers of digital health wearables, manufacturers, marketers and health practitioners in developing better strategies to increase the elderly diabetic patients’ continuance intention to use this technology.
INFLUENCE OF BASIC VARIABLES ON MICRONUCLEI FREQUENCY AND CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS IN GENERAL POPULATION OF FB&H

The aim of this study was to determine the values of micronuclei (MN) and structural chromosomal aberrations (CA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 200 healthy participants of both genders from general population of FBH and of the age in both genders. Frequency distribution of CTAs and CSAs between male and female groups showed predominance of CTAs over CSAs, independently of gender. The results of this study will be incorporated into reference data base for comparative research in future.
Mean Performance of the Parents and Hybrids for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Tomato

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) belongs to the family Solanaceae. Tomato has acquired the status of world's most popular vegetable crop due to its wider adaptability to various agro climatic conditions (Gupta et al., 2015). Tomato is a perennial plant but commonly cultivated as an annual (Rick, 1978), and ranks second to potato in many countries. ). In Telangana tomato cultivated in an area of 0.053 million hectares with a production of 1.08 million tonnes and productivity of20.37tonnes per hectare. (Anonymous, 2015-2016). Tomato is considered as protective food crop because of having rich source of minerals, vitamins and organic acids. Tomatoes are important source of lycopene, ascorbic acid and carotene valued for their colour, flavour and antioxidant properties. The increasing consumption of tomato makes it, a high value crop for generating income to the farmers. Since tomato is an important crop both from production and industry point of view there is a necessity to improve the productivity per International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 11 (2017) pp. 613-619 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
The Impact of Rand/Pula Exchange Rate Volatility on Botswana’s Economic Growth

This paper undertakes an investigation of the impact of the Rand/Pula exchange rate volatility on Botswana’s economic growth. The paper is using annual time series data, from 1977 to 2018. The Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) is employed to evaluate the impact of the real exchange rate volatility on Botswana’s economic growth. The GARCH model results found the Pula/Rand exchange rate to be volatile. The Rand/Pula exchange rate volatility does not have an impact on Botswana’s economic growth. This finding mirrors those of Kaur et al . (2019) and Musyoki et al . (2012). They found negative but insignificant impact of exchange rate volatility on economic growth in Malaysia and Kenya, respectively. Our empirical findings suggest that Botswana’s economic growth is largely explained by trade openness and growth of labour force and not influenced by the Rand/Pula exchange rate volatility.
Moral migration: Desires to become more empathic predict changes in moral foundations

Many people want to change their personality traits—and research on volitional change has documented their success in doing so. In the present study, we examine whether people also wish to change their levels of empathy, and whether these desires precede shifts in dispositional empathy and morality over a 15-week period. We recorded participants’ change goals, followed by weekly measurements of empathic concern and perspective-taking, as well as moral foundations. Results indicated that most participants wished to cultivate empathic concern and, especially, perspective-taking. Those who sought to develop these qualities tended to actually do so at a faster rate than their peers who did not—and, as a consequence, also drifted toward a characteristically liberal, individualizing morality.
Bio-control ability of Trichoderma species against spot blotch disease (wheat) causing pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana under in vitro condition

Spot blotch disease of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Shoem.) occurs every year in plain areas of Nepal causing considerable losses of grain yield. Several Trichoderma species possess antagonistic ability against different pathogens. In-vitro studies were conducted to explore the natural antagonistic aptitude of selected Trichoderma species against B. sorokiniana. Dual culture technique was followed to assess the antagonistic ability of five isolates of Trichoderma species against the pathogen. The experiment was conducted following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Radial growth of B. sorokiniana in dual culture with selected isolates of Trichoderma species was measured to compare the antagonistic ability of the selected Trichoderma species. Effects of interaction on viability of mycelium and on sporulation ability of the pathogen were assessed. Prominent antagonistic ability of Trichoderma species was identified from in-vitro dual culture studies. The evaluation of five isolates of Trichoderma species revealed that all the isolates significantly reduced the growth of B. sorokiniana in dual culture. Trichoderma sp. significantly inhibited the growth of B. sorokiniana by entirely covering the colony without completely killing the mycelia; however, the B. sorokiniana’s mycelia obtained from overlapped area of the isolates had significantly lower viability than the control. Trichoderma species also significantly reduced the sporulation ability of B. sorokiniana. The tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. had sturdy antagonistic ability against B. sorokiniana under in vitro condition. However, to exploit the isolates for bio-control of spot blotch disease under field conditions, further studies under in-vivo conditions must be needed.
Virus-like particle and capsomere vaccines against rotavirus

ii Declaration by author . iv Publications during candidature . v Publications included in this thesis . vi Contributions by others to the thesis . viii Statement of parts of the thesis submitted to qualify for the award of another degree . ix Acknowledgements . x
Forecasting the changes in daily stock prices in Shanghai Stock Exchange using Neural Network and Ordinary Least Squares Regression

The research focuses on finding a superior forecasting technique to predict stock movement and behavior in the Shanghai Stock Exchange. The author’s interest is in stock market activities during high volatility, specifically 13 years from 2002 to 2015. This volatile period, fueled by events such as the dot-com bubble, SARS outbreak, political leadership transitions, and the global financial crisis, is of interest. The study aims to analyze changes in stock prices during an unstable period. The author used advanced computer sciences, Machine Learning through information processing and training, and the traditional statistical approach, the Multiple Linear Regression Model, with the least square method. Both techniques are accurate predictors measured by Absolute Percent Error with a range of 1.50% to 1.65%, using a data file containing 3,283 observations generated to record the daily close prices of individual Chinese companies. The t-test paired difference experiment shows the superiority of Neural Network in the finance sector and potentially not in other sectors. The Multiple Linear Regression Model performs equivalent to the Neural Network in other sectors.