Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postconditioning Protection Against Myocardiocyte Anoxia/Reoxygenation Injury From Penehyclidine Hydrochloride

Background/Aims To investigate the postconditioning protective effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) against anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury in H9c2 cells along with the involved mechanism and timing effect. Methods We divided H9c2 cells into 7 groups: control group, A/R group and PHC+A/R groups at 0 min, 5 mins, 10 mins, 20 mins, 30 mins, respectively (treated with 0.1 μm/L PHC at 0 min, 5 mins, 10 mins, 20 mins, 30 mins after the reoxygenation procedure began). Cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening were explored. Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt C, caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels were measured. Results A/R significantly increased both cell injury and cell apoptosis. PHC showed postconditioning protective effect by attenuating superoxide production, decreasing Ca2+ overload, restraining MPTP activities, restoring mitochondrial membrane potential, regulating cell apoptosis proteins and modulation of mitochondrial pathway. Earlier administration of PHC offered greater postconditioning protective effect. Conclusion H9c2 cells were protected by PHC from A/R injury regardless of timing of PHC administration (0 min, 5 mins, 10 mins, 20 mins, 30 mins). However, earlier administration of PHC resulted in better PHC postconditioning protection.
Approximation by Generalized Lupaş Operators Based on q-Integers

The purpose of this paper is to introduce q-analogues of generalized Lupaş operators, whose construction depends on a continuously differentiable, increasing, and unbounded function ρ . Depending on the selection of q, these operators provide more flexibility in approximation and the convergence is at least as fast as the generalized Lupaş operators, while retaining their approximation properties. For these operators, we give weighted approximations, Voronovskaja-type theorems, and quantitative estimates for the local approximation.
Hyperspectral Measurements Enable Pre-Symptomatic Detection and Differentiation of Contrasting Physiological Effects of Late Blight and Early Blight in Potato

In-vivo foliar spectroscopy, also known as contact hyperspectral reflectance, enables rapid and non-destructive characterization of plant physiological status. This can be used to assess pathogen impact on plant condition both prior to and after visual symptoms appear. Challenging this capacity is the fact that dead tissue yields relatively consistent changes in leaf optical properties, negatively impacting our ability to distinguish causal pathogen identity. Here, we used in-situ spectroscopy to detect and differentiate Phytophthora infestans (late blight) and Alternaria solani (early blight) on potato foliage over the course of disease development and explored non-destructive characterization of contrasting disease physiology. Phytophthora infestans, a hemibiotrophic pathogen, undergoes an obligate latent period of two–seven days before disease symptoms appear. In contrast, A. solani, a necrotrophic pathogen, causes symptoms to appear almost immediately when environmental conditions are conducive. We found that respective patterns of spectral change can be related to these differences in underlying disease physiology and their contrasting pathogen lifestyles. Hyperspectral measurements could distinguish both P. infestans-infected and A. solani-infected plants with greater than 80% accuracy two–four days before visible symptoms appeared. Individual disease development stages for each pathogen could be differentiated from respective controls with 89–95% accuracy. Notably, we could distinguish latent P. infestans infection from both latent and symptomatic A. solani infection with greater than 75% accuracy. Spectral features important for late blight detection shifted over the course of infection, whereas spectral features important for early blight detection remained consistent, reflecting their different respective pathogen biologies. Shortwave infrared wavelengths were important for differentiation between healthy and diseased, and between pathogen infections, both pre- and post-symptomatically. This proof-of-concept work supports the use of spectroscopic systems as precision agriculture tools for rapid and early disease detection and differentiation tools, and highlights the importance of careful consideration of underlying pathogen biology and disease physiology for crop disease remote sensing.
Teaching as a Noble Work: Why People Join the Teaching Profession? A Case Study of Undergraduate Students in Education Programme at Mwenge Catholic University in Tanzania

Teachers’ education is referred to as a formal organized professional training whereby the people joining it are expected to engage in the art and science of teaching. To many people it is assumed to be the foundation and basis for all the other occupations existing in the world. Given its due significant the teaching profession has been continuously attracting the large number of people who wants to be members and serve as teachers. The study considered the teaching profession as the Noble and precious work. The author in this study therefore sought to find out the factors which attract people to join the teaching profession and their expectations. In addition the study found out the perceptions of the teacher trainees in the undergraduate education programme in Mwenge Catholic University (MWECAU) in order to get the actual informed reasons. The researcher in this study considered Mwenge Catholic University as a sample whereby 500 undergraduate teacher trainees participated in the study by responding to the questionnaire and focus group discussions. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and the findings were summarized into frequencies and percentages. The study found that there were many attractive factors causing people to join the teaching profession such as easy way of getting job, self identity, need for sharing knowledge, and bridge to other occupations, gaining respect from the community among others. The study concluded that there should be special efforts for improving the status of teachers in order to maintain the teaching profession at its higher levels of reputation as expected.
Effect of Vibratory Stress Relief on Fatigue Life of S355J2 Steel Welded Joints

Bu calisma, kaynakli parcalardaki artik gerilmeleri azaltmak icin Titresimle Gerilme Giderme (TGG) yontemiyle ilgili bir arastirma sunmaktadir. Titresimle gerilme giderme uygulanan ve hicbir gerilme giderme yontemi uygulanmamis kaynakli test numunelerinin mekanik ozellikleri karsilastirilmistir. Ilk once cekme testleri, ardindan sertlik olcumleri yapilmistir. Artik gerilmelerin yorulma omru uzerindeki etkilerini arastirmak icin, kaynakli levhalarin on ve arka yuzeyindeki kalinti gerilme degerleri olculmustur. TGG'nin yorulma omru acisindan etkinligini incelemek icin uc nokta egme yorulma testleri de yapilmistir. TGG yontemi uyguladiktan cekme dayanimi ve yuzey sertliginin az oranda arttigi belirlenmistir. Ayrica TGG islemi sonrasi yuzeydeki kalinti gerilmelerin azaldigi ve buna bagli olarak yorulma omrunun yaklasik uc kat arttigi tespit edilmistir.
Implementation of a real-time algorithm for estimating spatially resolved optical properties from hyperspectral images

Non-contact spectroscopy of human tissue is possible through the use of hyperspectral imaging technology. While this imaging technique is fast, the required data processing can be extensive and time-consuming due to the high spectral and spatial resolution of the raw data. Clinical applicability requires a low latency in the processing pipeline. This technical report presents the design and implementation of a GPU-based algorithm for extracting skin optical properties from hyperspectral images. The algorithm is shown to have realtime performance with respect to the typical image acquisition speed. Validation and modeling details of the base inverse modeling technique are provided in a previous study (doi:10.1117/1.JBO.19.6.066003). Source code is available under the MIT license at http: //www.github. com/ntnu-bioopt/gpudm.
DDDT_A_224553 4135..4144

Jing Wang * Jie Huang* Shuang Yang Chang Cui Ling Ye Sai-ying Wang Guo-ping Yang 1,3 Qi Pei 1Center for Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Trails Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People’s Republic of China
Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA) of Stock Market Indexes. Empirical Evidence from Seven Central and Eastern European Markets

In this paper, we present a comparative investigation of the multifractal properties of seven Central and Eastern European (CEE) stock markets using recent financial data up to August 2018 by employing seasonal and trend decompositions before applying multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis. We find that stock indices returns exhibit long-range correlations, supporting the idea that the stock markets in question are not efficient markets and have not reached a mature stage of market development. The results of the paper are of interest to investors looking for opportunities in these stock exchanges and also to policy makers in their endeavour of realizing institutional reforms in order to increase stock market efficiency and to support the sustainable growth of the financial markets.
EFFECTS OF PARTICLE SIZE ON DRAINAGE QUALITY FROM THREE LITHOLOGIES

Samples of three different waste-rock lithologies (olivine norite, diatreme, and adularized mudstone) were selected to determine the relationship between particle size and acid production for each of three lithologies. The three samples were characterized with respect to chemistry, mineralogy, and petrology. Five to six particle size fractions from each lithology were subjected to dissolution testing for typical periods of 335 to 465 weeks. The dependences of (1) drainage pH, (2) time of dissolution prior to drainage acidification, (3) fraction of Ca and carbonate minerals reacted prior to drainage acidification, and (4) relative rates of acid production and neutralization on particle size varied among the three rock types. For example, drainage pH values from fine fractions of the olivine norite decreased more rapidly than those from coarse fractions, while the opposite trend was observed for the adularized mudstone. Drainage pH values from the diatreme presented a third trend, with no strong dependence of the temporal pH variation on particle size. The dependence of drainage pH and related variables on particle size was due to the influence of particle size reduction on the relative abundance of exposed acid-producing and acidneutralizing mineral surface areas. This influence is dependent on minerals present in waste rock, their grain size, and occurrence, and must be considered in interpretation of kinetic test results and modeling these results for field application. Additional key words: mine drainage, acid drainage, ARD, drainage quality prediction, waste rock, kinetic testing, diatreme, olivine norite, mudstone ______________________ Poster paper presented at the 7 International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage (ICARD), March 2630, 2006, St. Louis MO. R.I. Barnhisel (ed.) Published by the American Society of Mining and Reclamation (ASMR), 3134 Montavesta Road, Lexington, KY 40502 Kim A. Lapakko is a Principal Engineer and Jennifer N. Engstrom is a Mineland Reclamation Specialist at the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Lands and Minerals, St. Paul, MN 55105-4045. David A. Antonson is a Mineland Reclamation Field Supervisor at the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Lands and Minerals, Hibbing, MN 55746
Short-term and long-term variability of standard deviation scores for size in children

Primary objective: To quantify long-term and short-term variability in the standard deviation scores (SDS’s) for six skeletal size variables and body mass index (BMI) in children and to compare average values of these quantities for boys with those of girls and to make comparisons across variables. Methods and procedures: The analysis is based on measurements made regularly for 120 boys and 112 girls from 1 month until 20 years for seven variables (standing height, sitting height, leg height, arm length, biiliac width, bihumeral width and BMI) as part of the ®rst Zurich longitudinal growth study. Variation in these scores due to variablity in the timing of the pubertal spurt (PS) is separated out by rescaling the age axis on an individual basis and comparing children with the same developmental age rather than the same chronological age. For a given child, the relationship between the value of its SDS and age is modelled as the sum of an arbitrary (child dependent) smooth function plus an error term. The long-term variability for that child is de®ned to be the mean square of the departures of this smooth function from its mean level while the short-term variability is de®ned to be the variance of the error term. Main outcomes and results: Girls’ SDS scores have signi®cantly more long-term variability than those of boys, while there is no signi®cant diŒerence between the sexes for short-term variability. Bihumeral width, BMI and sitting height have signi®cantly more long-term variation than the other variables. Bihumeral width and BMI have the largest short-term variability and standing height has the smallest. Correlations between long-term variability and adult size and timing and intensity of the PS were small. Conclusions: A useful way of assessing long-term and short-term variability of SDS’s, which is widely applicable has been described and applied to data relating to the growth of children. The results of this analysis are intriguing. Why is the underlying growth process of girls more variable than that of boys? DiŒerences across skeletal parameters are also interesting and deserve further consideration.
OPTH_A_224654 29..39

Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Aim: To compare clinical outcomes between Ahmed glaucoma implant (AGV-S2 and FP7 models) and Baerveldt–350 glaucoma implant (BGI). Design: Prospective randomized study. Methods and subjects: Eighty-one participants with glaucoma after ocular surgery or secondary glaucoma with persistent and uncontrolled IOP > 21mmHgwere randomized for placement of BGI or AGV models using a standardized surgical technique. The primary outcome was failure, which was defined as IOP >16 mmHg with glaucoma medication, on 2 consecutive study visits. Secondary outcomes were IOP, medication use, visual acuity, complications, and interventions. Results: At one-year follow up, the mean IOP was 14.76±2.5 mmHg in BGI group and 16.57±3.35 mmHg in AGV group (P=0.015). The mean number of glaucoma medications in use was 1.6±0.81 in the BGI group and 3.91±0. 0.28 in the AGV group (P <0.001). There was 1.81 mmHg difference in the mean IOP between participants in both groups with 0.85 SD difference. At 12 months, the failure rate was 11/56 (19.67%) in AGV group and 3/25 (12%) in BGI group (P=0.352). The VAwas stable in 77% in the BGI group (P=0.93) versus 80% of patients in AGV group (P=0.88). No significant change was observed in logMAR Snellen VA between both groups (P=0.254). None of the patients lost light perception. Conclusion: Both the Ahmed valve implant and the Baerveldt implant are effective in reducing preoperative IOP and glaucoma medications in patients with refractory glaucoma. This trial cannot give clear clinical proof for valve superiority over the other. The Baerveldt350 implant can be a good choice for refractory glaucoma cases. Capsular scarring around the plate is considered as the main factor for surgical failure and resistant IOP. Trial registration: The trial was registered with the Research Ethical Committee, Ain Shams University, FWA 000017585 FMASU 21/2017, and registered at Clinical Trial. gov: NCT04215575.
Alterations Of Glycerophospholipid And Fatty Acyl Metabolism In Multiple Brain Regions Of Schizophrenia Microbiota Recipient Mice

Background: Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized by molecular and anatomical abnormalities of multiple brain regions. Our recent study showed that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of schizophrenia-relevant behaviors, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate how gut microbiota shapes metabolic signatures in multiple brain regions of schizophrenia microbiota recipient mice. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to compare the metabolic signatures in the cortex, cerebellum and striatum of schizophrenia microbiota and healthy microbiota recipient mice. Enrichment analysis was further conducted to uncover the crucial metabolic pathways related to schizophrenia-relevant behaviors. Results: We found that the metabolic phenotypes of these three regions were substantially different in schizophrenia microbiota recipient mice from those in healthy microbiota recipient mice. In total, we identi ﬁ ed 499 differential metabolites that could discriminate the two groups in the three brain regions. These differential metabolites were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid and fatty acyl metabolism. Moreover, we found four of fatty acyl metabolites that were consistently altered in the three brain regions. Conclusion: Taken together, our study suggests that alterations of glycerophospholipid and fatty acyl metabolism are implicated in the onset of schizophrenia-relevant behaviors, which may provide a new understanding of the etiology of schizophrenia.
Analysis on the Influances of Sanitary Resource Allocation the Doctor-Patient Relationship from the Perspective of Doctors——A Case Study of Chongqing

OBJECTIVE To explore the factors that affect the doctor-patient relationship especially how sanitary resource allocation affects it from the perspective of doctors.METHODS From April to May 2014,it conducted a questionnaire survey by stratified sampling method to extract 20 doctors/each hospital from 8 hospitals in 5 major functional areas of Chongqing applies statistical analysis to the results.RESULTS Exploring from the doctors side,it found out the doctor-patient relationship is overall in tension.Among the surveyed doctors,the pressure was generally large with heavy burden,long working hours,more daily clinic visits,and worried about the occurrence of medical disputes,which had significant impact on the doctor-patient relationship.Meanwhile,the doctors generally hold the view that the current distribution of human resources was uneven,government investment was in shortage,and the income satisfaction was low.CONCLUSION The establishment of a harmonious doctor-patient relationship and the rational allocation of sanitary resources were hoped to reduce the heavy workload of doctors,and ease tensions of doctor-patient relationship.
Auxiliary air conditioner for vehicles storing liquid hydrogen

Current Vehicle Air Conditioning (VAC) systems, which are operated by compressors driven by Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) or batteries, increase the fuel consumption and emissions depending on the thermal load of the vehicle passenger cabin. Since decreasing the thermal load of the vehicle will decrease the fuel consumption and emissions, studies in this area is very important from the economic and environmental aspects. In this study, an Auxiliary Air Conditioning (AAC) system for Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) or Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) that store Liquid Hydrogen (LH 2 ) as a powering source has been proposed to make contribution to the works in this significant area. ICEVs were evaluated as Gasoline Equivalent Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (GEHICEVs) and Diesel Equivalent Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (DEHICEVs) considering their average fuel consumption rates according to the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). According to the analyses, approximate hydrogen consumption values have been found that reach 0.7 g/s for GEHICEVs, 1.6 g/s for DEHICEVs, and 0.6 g/s for FCVs with maximum cooling rates of 326 W, 704 W, and 250 W, respectively.
Factors affecting Decentralization of Public Sector Services on Local Governance of Puntland: Case of Garowe District

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting decentralization of public sector services in Puntland, case of Garowe district, particularly the areas of resource availability, legislation, Communication system and Staff trainings. The study employed descriptive research design, with the sample size of 91 respondents comprised civil servants, council member‟s, village committees and UN Staff by using both questionnaire and structured interview schedules to collected primary data. This research noted that ministries slowly decentralized services by devolving responsibilities and functions since the decentralization policy was adopted, these include Primary Education, Basic Health care, waste management, Revenue generation, land management and internal roads rehabilitations. The research established that Garowe district is not adequately funded its programmes of service delivery due to both poor mobilization of resource locally to generate revenue and financial transfer from the central government. it was found out that local government lacks most of the bylaws to regulate the operation of the district, particularly areas include levying local taxes for revenue generation, environmental protection laws and town parking are not yet being enacted at local level. In addition, this study established that training of staff has been improving to implement decentralization agenda. In order for decentralization of public sector services to succeed, it is recommended that enactment of laws that would promote mobilization of resource to generate revenue. Capacitate local assembly on legal drafting to accelerate the time it takes to develop bylaws. Develop communication system strategy to ensure the decentralization services reaches the community.
www.econstor.eu Decentralized Despotism? Indirect Colonial Rule Undermines Contemporary Democratic Attitudes∗

Suggested Citation: Lechler, Marie (2017) : Decentralized Despotism? Indirect colonial rule undermines contemporary democratic attitudes, Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2017: Alternative Geldund Finanzarchitekturen Session: Microeconomic Issues, No. A19-V2, ZBW Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, LeibnizInformationszentrum Wirtschaft, Kiel, Hamburg
Safety of High-Resolution Manometry Guided Superficial Partial Circular Muscle Myotomy in Per-Oral Endoscopic Myotomy for Jackhammer Esophagus: Two Cases Report" published in World

I offer you an analysis of an article by Choi YI et al. "Clinical Outcomes and Safety of High-Resolution Manometry Guided Superficial Partial Circular Muscle Myotomy in Per-Oral Endoscopic Myotomy for Jackhammer Esophagus: Two Cases Report" published in World J Clin Cases. [1]. Based on the highresolution manometry (HRM), the authors diagnosed Jackhammer esophagus (JE). HRM-guided extremely superficial partial circular muscle myotomy was performed while preserving the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The authors showed that patients’ clinical symptoms dramatically improved right after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), и during a 1-year follow-up period, patients were still in good health and remained symptom free. The authors argue that the POEM method they proposed does not damage the motility of the esophagus, as is often observed after LES dissection.