Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Histopathological Pattern of Thyroid in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Operations: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Thyroid diseases are major health problems in our society, which are manifested by alteration in hormone secretion, enlargement of the thyroid gland, or both. This study was designed to determine thyroid histopathological patterns in patients who underwent thyroid operation. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Sana ’ a University Hospital over two years, from January 1, 2014, to December 30, 2015. All 260 patients who underwent thyroid surgery were included in this study. Factors such as age, sex, residency, ﬁ ne needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) result, and post-operative histopathological patterns were recorded. Patients who only underwent FNA were excluded. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.06±13.18 years. Females were most com-monly affected by thyroid diseases (90%) in comparison to males (10%). Histopathologic patterns were nodular colloid goiter (63.1%), adenoma (4.6%), papillary thyroid neoplasms (20.4%), follicular thyroid carcinoma (3.8%), medullary thyroid carcinoma (1.9%), thyroiditis (5.4%) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (0.8%). Papillary thyroid cancer was the most common thyroid cancer, with a prevalence of 53 (20.4%). The accuracy of FNAB and ﬁ nal histopathology in combine was 88.07%. However, FNAB was not precise enough in the pre-operative diagnosis of follicular carcinoma (40%). FNAB sensitivity ranged from 70.8% to 88.8%, while FNAB speci ﬁ city ranged from 97.1% to 99.9%. Conclusion: Nodular colloid goiter is the most prevalent thyroid disease, while papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent cancer seen in this study. We recommend further studies with a larger population to validate our study.
Auditory rehabilitation based on auditory verbal therapy approach on children with bilateral sensory-neural hearing loss

Background and Aim: Auditory rehabilitation is an essential step after hearing aid fitting for children with hearing loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the auditory rehabilitation results based on auditory verbal therapy approach in children with severe to profound sensory-neural hearing loss. Auditory verbal therapy is a popular approach for rehabilitation children with hearing loss. Methods: This is a retrospective study that eva­luates the results of auditory rehabilitation of 19 children with severe to profound hearing loss. Most children were about three years old at the beginning of the rehabilitation process. They were received bilateral hearing aid and auditory rehabilitation based on auditory verbal therapy (AVT) approach. Each case progress was meas­ured by Newsha developmental scale. Results: All of the children showed progress during the AVT program (p < 0.05). The Newsha developmental scale showed that hearing and receptive language categories had more progress. The progress was similar between male and female participants and there was no difference in all of categories (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The AVT approach is beneficial for rehabilitation of older children with bilateral sev­ere to profound sensory-neural hearing loss. The progress was observed in all categories of Newsha developmental scale. Keywords: Auditory rehabilitation; auditory verbal therapy approach; hearing-impaired
Port-Hamiltonian model of two-dimensional shallow water equations in moving containers

The free surface motion in moving containers is an important physical phenomenon for many engineering applications. One way to model the free surface motion is by employing shallow water equations (SWEs). The port-Hamiltonian systems formulation is a powerful tool that can be used for modeling complex systems in a modular way. In this work, we extend previous work on SWEs using the port-Hamiltonian formulation, by considering the two-dimensional equations under rigid body motions. The resulting equations consist of a mixed-port-Hamiltonian system, with finite and infinite-dimensional energy variables and ports. 2000 Math Subject Classification: 34K30, 35K57, 35Q80, 92D25
Implications of legacy watershed disturbances for channel structure and salmon habitat availability under different low-flow levels: an analysis of 45 years of discharge–habitat relationships at Carnation Creek, British Columbia

Complete List of Authors: Reid, David; The University of British Columbia Department of Geography, Pike, Robin; British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Watershed Protection and Sustainability Bird, Stephen; Fluvial Systems Research Inc Tschaplinski, Peter; BC Ministry of Environment, Ecosystems Branch; BC Ministry of Environment, Ecosystems Branch Wilford, David; British Columbia Ministry of Forests Lands and Natural Resource Operations
The Effect of Work-Family Conflict and Balancing Strategy towards Wive's Job Satisfaction

This study aims to analyze the effects of work-family conflicts and balancing strategies on job satisfaction felt by families in working husbands and wives. The design of this study was cross-sectional with a sample of 160 wives in families with working wives who have children aged 0-9 years chosen stratified non-proportional random sampling in West Bogor and Central Bogor District, Bogor City. The data collection process carried out using a questionnaire. This study's results indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between work-family conflict and job satisfaction. Besides, theBesidesnificant positive correlation between the strategy of balancing family and work with job satisfaction. Based on the results of the regression test, the data show that work-family conflict and the balancing strategy have an effect on job satisfaction 22.2 percent, and the rest is influenced by other variables not examined. The implications of these results require a broader study for the elaboration of wives' job satisfaction factors.
Positive interactions within and between populations decrease the likelihood of evolutionary rescue

Positive interactions, including intraspecies cooperation and interspecies mutualisms, play crucial roles in shaping the structure and function of many ecosystems, ranging from plant communities to the human microbiome. While the evolutionary forces that form and maintain positive interactions have been investigated extensively, the influence of positive interactions on the ability of species to adapt to new environments is still poorly understood. Here, we use numerical simulations and theoretical analyses to study how positive interactions impact the likelihood that populations survive after an environment deteriorates, such that survival in the new environment requires quick adaptation via the rise of new mutants - a scenario known as evolutionary rescue. We find that the probability of evolutionary rescue in populations engaged in positive interactions is reduced significantly. In cooperating populations, this reduction is largely due to the fact that survival may require at least a minimal number of individuals, meaning that adapted mutants must arise and spread before the population declines below this threshold. In mutualistic populations, the rescue probability is decreased further due to two additional effects - the need for both mutualistic partners to adapt to the new environment, and competition between the two species. Finally, we show that the presence of cheaters reduces the likelihood of evolutionary rescue even further, making it extremely unlikely. These results indicate that while positive interactions may be beneficial in stable environments, they can hinder adaptation to changing environments and thereby elevate the risk of population collapse. Furthermore, these results may hint at the selective pressures that drove co-dependent unicellular species to form more adaptable organisms able to differentiate into multiple phenotypes, including multicellular life.
Germline engineering of the chicken genome using CRISPR/Cas9 by in vivo transfection of PGCs

Abstract Development of simple and readily adoptable methods to mediate germline engineering of the chicken genome will have many applications in research, agriculture and industrial biotechnology. We report germline targeting of the endogenous chicken Interferon Alpha and Beta Receptor Subunit 1 (IFNAR1) gene by in vivo transgenic expression of the high-fidelity Cas9 (Cas9-HF1) and guide RNAs (gRNAs) in chickens. First, we developed a Tol2 transposon vector carrying Cas9-HF1, IFNAR1-gRNAs (IF-gRNAs) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenes (pTgRCG) and validated in chicken fibroblast DF1 cells. Next, the pTgRCG plasmid was directly injected into the dorsal aorta of embryonic day (ED) 2.5 chicken embryos targeting the circulating primordial germ cells (PGCs). The resulting chimera roosters generated a fully transgenic generation 1 (G1) hen with constitutive expression of Cas9-HF1 and IF-gRNAs (G1_Tol2-Cas9/IF-gRNA). We detected a spectrum of indels at gRNA-targeted loci in the G1_Tol2-Cas9/IF-gRNA hen and the indels were stably inherited by the G2 progeny. Breeding of the G1_Tol2-Cas9/IF-gRNA hen resulted in up to 10% transgene-free heterozygote IFNAR1 mutants, following null-segregation of the Tol2 insert. The method described here will provide new opportunities for genome editing in chicken and other avian species that lack PGC culture.
Participatory Mapping of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Madrid: Insights for Landscape Planning

Cultural ecosystem services are gaining increasing attention in the scientific literature, despite the conceptual and methodological difficulties associated with their assessment. We used a participatory GIS method to map and assess three cultural ecosystem services, namely, (a) outdoor recreation, (b) aesthetic enjoyment, and (c) sense of place, in the Madrid region (Spain). The main goal of the study was to identify cultural ecosystem service hotspots in the region and to explore the relationships among the three ecosystem services mapped. We developed a Maptionnaire online questionnaire asking participants to locate places that they associate with these three ecosystem services and their main reasons for choosing those places on a map. We collected 580 complete questionnaires with 1710 location points (807 for outdoor recreation, 506 for aesthetic enjoyment and 397 for sense of place). We found that the three ecosystem services analysed were spatially correlated, with similar hotspots appearing across the region. Most of the identified hotspots were located in the northern part of the region, which is characterised by mountains and forests. Other hotspots appeared within the city of Madrid, highlighting the importance of urban green areas. Natural protected areas supplied significantly more cultural ecosystem services than non-protected areas. Among CORINE land-use types, forested areas, mountain shrubs and rocky landscapes were more relevant than arable lands for the supply of cultural ecosystem services. Our results highlight the utmost importance of including ecosystem services mapping within land-use planning and policy-making agendas to ensure the conservation of areas supplying cultural services that are critical for societal wellbeing.
Randomized matrix approximation to enhance regularized projection schemes in inverse problems

The authors consider a randomized solution to ill-posed operator equations in Hilbert spaces. In contrast to statistical inverse problems, where randomness appears in the noise, here randomness arises in the low-rank matrix approximation of the forward operator, which results in using a Monte Carlo method to solve the inverse problems. In particular, this approach follows the paradigm of the study N. Halko et al 2011 SIAM Rev. 53 217–288, and hence regularization is performed based on the low-rank matrix approximation. Error bounds for the mean error are obtained which take into account solution smoothness and the inherent noise level. Based on the structure of the error decomposition the authors propose a novel algorithm which guarantees (on the mean) a prescribed error tolerance. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical findings.
Determinants of Subjective Well-Being and Invariance Measurement: Evidence from German and Ghanaian Data

This paper aims to test the invariance measures of subjective well-being and some of its determinants using Ghanaian and German data from the WVS (World Value Survey). From the WVS wave-6 data, the following dimensions are selected: religion, social capital, social trust, fear feeling or worry, political activities, personalities, security, economic conditions, and subjective well-being. To test the different types of invariance (configural invariance and metric invariance), MGCFA (Multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analysis) was used. The first result of our modeling was that all dimensions significantly determine subjective well-being in the local model with the German data. In contrast to the Ghanaian data, only the dimensions of political activity and the fear feeling or worries turn out not to be significant in explaining subjective well-being. Second, the configural invariance test revealed that social capital, religion, social trust, fear feelings or worries, and economic conditions are non-equivalent between the two countries. Security, political activities, and subjective well-being satisfy the partial invariance measurement. Only personality traits are fully invariant across the two countries. As a result, a comparison of the determinants of well-being across the two countries is only possible for personality traits (full invariance measurement) and security (partial invariance measurement).
Tail myology and flight behaviour: Differences between caracaras, falcons and forest falcons (Aves, Falconiformes)

Given its importance in animal life, locomotion is a behaviour with great influence on animal morphology, ecology and physiology (Dickinson et al., 2000). Skeletal muscles, together with the skeletal system, are the motor and lever that make an animal move (Kardong, 2011; Wolff, 1991). Muscles play different roles, which can be seen reflected in their structure, from the sarcoplasm to the whole muscle (Gans & Gaunt, 1991). For example, walking and running birds have hind limbs with well‐developed extensor muscles, which provide body support and propel the body forward (Hutchinson, 2004; Mosto, Carril, & Picasso, 2013; Picasso, 2010; Picasso, Tambussi, Mosto, & Degrange, 2012; Smith, Wilson, Jespers, & Payne, 2006), whereas aerial feeding birds, like certain oscines, have muscle features that favour flexion and adduction of their hind limbs, which is aerodynamically advantageous during flight (Moreno & Carrascal, 1993). The tail of birds is a unique locomotor region due to its intimate association with wings and because both work in coordination during flight (Felice & O'Connor, 2014; Gatesy & Dial, 1993, 1996; Videler, 2006). It is a peculiar structure (Videler, 2006) that consist of, externally, the feathers (rectrices) that are supported, internally, by an oval structure named bulbus rectricium, which is located on each side of the pygostylus Received: 8 October 2018 | Revised: 6 December 2018 | Accepted: 10 December 2018 DOI: 10.1111/azo.12294
Mechanical and Thermal Stress Behavior of a Conservative Proposed Veneer Preparation Design for Restoring Misaligned Anterior Teeth: A 3D Finite Element Analysis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical and thermal behavior of a proposed preparation design as a conservative treatment option that aims to preserve both gingival and tooth health structures through a comparative finite element analysis with non-preparation and conventional designs. 3D solid models of laminate veneers with different preparation designs were obtained using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning of the maxillary incisor. A 100-Newton load was applied with angulations of 60° and 125° to the longitudinal axis of the tooth to determine the stresses during mastication. In addition, transient thermal analysis was performed to compare the temperature and thermal distribution of the restored tooth models when subjected to thermal loads of 5 °C and 55 °C. Teeth prepared with the proposed design showed lower stress distributions and a repairable failure mode, followed by the non-preparation design, while teeth prepared with the conventional design showed the highest stress concentrations. Furthermore, cold thermal loading yielded larger thermal stress distributions than hot thermal loading, independent of the preparation type, and the effect of temperature changes were within the critical limit near the pulp and dentin regions. Thus, the preparation design geometry affects the long-term success of laminate restoration, and the proposed design yields more uniform and appropriate stress distributions than the other techniques.
Marine Antibiofouling Properties of TiO2 and Ti-Cu-O Films Deposited by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

The actual interest in developing light-induced catalytic coatings to act as an antibiofouling alternative has recently prompted interest in the incorporation of Cu into TiO2 films, working as a visible light sensitizer catalyst. TiO2 and new Ti-Cu-O films with Cu contents ranging between 16% and 75% Cu/(Cu + Ti) are deposited by aerosol-assisted metalorganic chemical vapor deposition at a substrate temperature of 550 °C. The films are composed of TiO2 anatase phase, mixed with Cu2O when including Cu in the composition. Pure TiO2 films’ morphologies are characterized by the formation of microflower-like structures with nanometric petals, which induce a high specific surface. These features are not present in Ti-Cu-O films. A UV-Visible study revealed that the optical band gap energy decreases with increasing Cu content. Interestingly, Ti-Cu-O films presented a highly photo-catalytic activity in the orange-G degradation. Marine biofouling field tests in Lorient’s Harbor in France and in vitro tests were carried out in order to evaluate the antifouling performance of the films, revealing that topography and chemical composition can act differently on different species. Field tests revealed that TiO2 microflowers reduced the fouling coverage. Besides, Ti-Cu-O films with 16 at. % Cu presented lower fouling coverage than films containing 58 at. % Cu. In vitro tests using two diatoms (P. tricornutum and N. perminuta) showed that the spaces between microflowers play a significant role in the adhesion of diatoms: microalgae adhere less when spaces are bigger than their cells, compared to when spaces are of the same size as cells. Films containing Cu did not alter N. perminuta growth nor adhesion, while they affected P. tricornutum by lowering its growth rate and adhesion without noticeable toxicity. Indeed, Cu-Ti-O is a very promising non-toxic fouling release film for marine and industrial applications.
Forage yield and morphogenesis of Megathyrsus maximus cultivars in Roraimas’s savannas

In order to evaluate the forage productivity and the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Megathyrsus maximus cultivars (Massai, Mombasa, Kenya, Tamani, Tanzania and Zuri), an experiment was conduct under natural environmental conditions in the savannahs of Roraima. The highest yields of green dry matter (GDM) were found with cultivars Zuri (4,317 kg ha) and Mombasa (4,115 kg ha), followed by Kenya (3,868 kg ha) and Tamani (3,755 kg ha), while Massai (3,341 kg ha) and Tanzania (3,225 kg ha) were the least productive. GDM yield was directly correlated with leaf area index and inversely proportional to tiller population density (TPD). The cultivars Tanzania and Kenya had the highest number of tiller leaves and leaf appearance rates, while the highest leaf expansion rates were estimate in cultivars Zuri and Kenya. The highest average length of tiller leaves was estimate in the cultivars Zuri and Mombasa. Leaf senescence rates were inversely proportional to TPD and Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 8, e652986054. 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6054 3 the highest recorded with the cultivars Mombasa and Tamani. The six cultivars of M. maximus showed satisfactory forage yields and can be recommend for cultivation in the edaphoclimatic conditions of the of Roraima’s savannas. The determination of morphogenic and structural characteristics can contribute to the establishment of appropriate and specific management practices for each cultivar, aiming to optimize its productivity and reduce losses due to leaf senescence.
A Study of Saudi Advanced Academic Writing Students’ Perceptions of Research Essays, and Gaps in Their Knowledge

The primary objective of the present research was to test the hypothesis that despite being trained in academic writing for one semester, there remain gaps in Saudi undergraduate English Major students’ academic writing, especially pertaining to research essays. The secondary objective was to know how these students perceived academic writing. A mixed-methods empirical research using triangulation approach for results validation was conducted to identify gaps, if any, in students’ knowledge in academic writing and to ascertain their perception of research essay writing, involving twenty undergraduate English Major students as research participants. Test and interview were used as data collection instruments, and the obtained data were analysed statistically. The results show that Saudi university English Major students regard academic writing tough, and acknowledge that for them it is the weakest area of competence in English. They have only a basic idea of how to find suitable sources for their research topics, to review relevant literature to contextualize their study, and to prepare notes and references for the study. The study is very significant since it highlights a major area of university students’ weakness in studies and offers constructive suggestions. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19. 6.13
Low‐profile dual‐polarised metasurface‐enabled antenna array for base‐station applications

This Letter presents a dual linearly polarised microstrip antenna for base station applications. Firstly, a dual-polarised metasurface-based antenna element employing differential feeding technology is proposed. The proposed antenna element achieves a simulated bandwidth of 11.6% for | S 11 | < −15 dB, mutual coupling better than 30 dB, and the cross-polarisation discrimination level over 35 dB. Secondly, based on the antenna element, a 3 × 3 antenna array is eventually presented, which was fabricated and characterised. The measured bandwidth is 12% for | S 11 | < −10 dB, and the port-isolation is over 25 dB. The superiorities of low-profile and high port isolation indicate that the proposed design is a promising candidate for sub-6G base-station applications.
What chance of a sudden stratospheric warming in the southern hemisphere?

Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are amongst the most dramatic events in the Earth’s atmosphere and they drive extreme surface weather conditions. They have been recently linked to the hot and dry weather conditions that favour wildfires over Australia. However, the chance of a southern hemisphere event is unknown because it has only been observed once. Legitimate estimation of the frequency of SSW events requires a large sample of realistic model simulations. Here we show that the chance of an event is close to 4% per year, implying that an event will occur, on average, every 25 yr, using a state-of-the-art model that simulates SSWs accurately. It is thus not surprising that there was a near miss in the September prior to the Australian wildfire of 2019, given the 40 yr of comprehensive satellite records and just one observed Antarctic event. According to this new estimate, it would also not be surprising to see a second SSW event in the coming years in the southern hemisphere. Such a stratospheric warming event might bring further extreme surface weather conditions and natural hazards, as it may raise the risk of increased rainfall in the latitudinal band of 35–50°S. Meanwhile, the associated hot and dry weather conditions over austral subtropical continents might increase the risk of wildfires over these regions.