Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serosal Adhesion Ex Vivo of Hydrogels Prepared from Apple Pectin Cross-Linked with Fe3+ Ions

The study aims to investigate the adhesion of a hydrogel made of cross-linked low-methyl esterified pectin to rat intestinal serosa ex vivo. The adhesivity of the FeP hydrogel, which was cross-linked by Fe3+ cations, exceeded that of hydrogels cross-linked by Ca2+, Zn2+, and Al3+ cations. The concentration of the cross-linking cation failed to influence the adhesion of the pectin hydrogel to the serosa. The mechanical properties and surface microrelief of the pectin hydrogel were influenced by the type and concentration of the cross-linking cations. Fe3+ cations form a harder and more elastic gel than Ca2+ cations. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the characteristic surface pattern of FeP hydrogel and its denser internal structure compared to Ca2+ cross-linked hydrogel. The effect of the salt composition of the adhesion medium was shown since the FeP hydrogel’s adhesion to the serosa was lower in physiological solutions than in water, and adhesion in Hanks’ solution was higher than in phosphate buffered saline. Serum proteins and peritoneal leukocytes did not interfere with the serosal adhesion of the FeP hydrogel. Pre-incubation in Hanks’ solution for 24 h significantly reduced the adhesion of the FeP hydrogel to the serosa, regardless of the pH of the incubation. Thus, serosal adhesion combined with excellent stability and mechanical properties in physiological environments appeared to be advantages of the FeP hydrogel, demonstrating it to be a promising bioadhesive for tissue engineering.
Theory of the Cavity Microwave Spectrometer and Molecular Frequency Standard

A short section of a wave guide is considered as a nonresonant absorption cell and then as a resonant cavity. It is shown that the latter gives a better signal‐to‐noise ratio by a factor which depends upon the relative intensity of the various noise sources but which increases with the Q. It is shown that the voltage signal‐to‐noise ratio is proportional to the square root of the product of the volume and the Q and otherwise is independent of the shape. This result leads to the conclusion that it is possible in theory to build microwave spectrometers having signal‐to‐noise ratios some 50 db larger or capable of detecting absorption coefficients some 300 times smaller than spectrometers which are now widely used. However, practical considerations probably would prevent this advantage from being realized completely. These results are applied to a frequency standard using an absorption line. It is shown that it is possible to build a standard using the 3,3 line of NH3 with a fractional stability of about 4×1.
Developments of the indirect method for measuring the high frequency dynamic stiffness of resilient elements

The complex stiffness of resilient elements is an important parameter required in order to model vibration isolation for many applications. Measurement methods are being standardized which allow such a stiffness to be measured as a function of excitation frequency for known loading conditions. This paper describes one such method, the indirect method, in which the resilient element is placed between two large blocks, the vibrations of which are measured. A number of refinements to this method are proposed here. These aspects of the method are then illustrated by using example results of measurements on a resilient rail pad for use in railway track. It is shown how the frequency range of the measurements can be extended and how rotational and lateral components can be separated reliably.
Dielectric properties of carbon fiber filled low-density polyethylene

Carbon fiber (CF) filled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) matrix composites was prepared by means of the Hakke driver. The dielectric properties of the CF/LDPE composites as a function of the frequency and the volume fraction of CF were studied. The dielectric constants decrease slowly with increasing the frequency and rise gradually with increasing the CF contents in the composites. As the volume fraction of the CF is up to 0.20, an abrupt increase in the dielectric constant occurs, and accordingly electrical conductivity measured at low frequency increases rapidly at this volume fraction. The percolation theory and the simple concept of polarization in the capacitors are employed to explain these experimental results.
On-track and off-track distance properties of Class 4 partial response channels

We consider Class 4 partial response (PR) channels, and examine off-track performance of maximum likelihood sequence estimators for these channels that ignore inter-track interference (ITI). We assume that the pulse response to the head from an adjacent track is the same Class 4 channel, and only its amplitude varies with the track-to-head distance, in a way not known to the receiver. For each of these channels, we find analytical expressions for off-track performance, as well as sets of sequences most susceptible to errors in the ITI environment. We also discuss how the problem of off-track error rate can be alleviated through coding.
Measurement of the Isotopic Composition of Cosmic-Ray Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron up to 1700 MeV per Atomic Mass Unit

We present data from the second flight of the superconducting magnet instrument for light isotopes (SMILI), which took place on 1991 July 24. This instrument was optimized to determine the isotopic composition of He, Li, Be, and B in the Galactic cosmic rays, up to an energy of 2 GeV amu-1. The abundances of He, Li, and B are found to be consistent with standard models of cosmic-ray propagation. Our measurement of the abundances of the beryllium isotopes suggests an enhancement of the fraction of the isotope 10Be over that found at low energy. Of 26 beryllium events, nine are found to be 10Be. Monte Carlo calculations based on this observation imply the mean lifetime of cosmic rays to be less than 6 Myr at the 97.5% confidence level.
Exploiting second-order statistics improves statistical learning of vowels

Unsupervised clustering algorithms were used to evaluate three models of statistical learning of minimal contrasts between English vowel pairs. The first two models employed only first-order statistics with assumptions of uniform [M1] or Gaussian [M2] distributions of vowels in an F1-F2 space. The third model [M3] employed second-order statistics by encoding covariance between F1 and F2. Acoustic measures of F1/F2 frequencies for 12 vowels spoken by 139 men, women, and children (Hillendrand et al. 1995) were used as input to the models. Effectiveness of each model was tested for each minimal-pair contrast across 100 simulations. Each simulation consisted of two centroids that adjusted on a trial-by-trial basis as 1000 F1/F2 pairs were input to the models. With addition of each pair, centroids were reallocated by a k-means algorithm, an unsupervised clustering algorithm that provides an optimal partition of the space into uniformly-sized convex cells. The first-order Gaussian model [M2] performed better th.
A Technology-Supported Guidance Model to Support the Development of Critical Thinking Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Clinical Practice: Concurrent, Exploratory, Flexible, and Multimethod Feasibility Study

Background There is widespread recognition and acceptance of the need for critical thinking in nursing education, as it is necessary to provide high-quality nursing. The Technology-Supported Guidance Model (TSGM) intervention was conducted during clinical practice among undergraduate nursing students and aimed to support the development of critical thinking. A major element of this newly developed intervention is an app, Technology-Optimized Practice Process in Nursing (TOPP‑N), combined with the daily guidance of nursing students from nurse preceptors and summative assessments based on the Assessment of Clinical Education. Objective The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of a newly developed intervention, TSGM, among undergraduate nursing students, nurse preceptors, and nurse educators. Further objectives were to assess the primary and secondary outcome measures, recruitment strategy, and data collection strategy and to identify the potential causes of dropout and barriers to participant recruitment, retention, intervention fidelity, and adherence to the intervention. Methods This study was designed as a concurrent, exploratory, flexible, and multimethod feasibility study of the TSGM intervention that included quantitative and qualitative data from nursing students, nurse preceptors, and nurse educators. The primary outcome measures were the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. The secondary outcomes included the suitability and acceptance of the outcome measures (critical thinking, self-efficacy, clinical learning environment, metacognition and self-regulation, technology acceptance, and competence of mentors); data collection strategy; recruitment strategy; challenges related to dropouts; and hindrances to recruitment, retention, and intervention fidelity and adherence. Results Nursing students, nurse preceptors, and nurse educators had varied experiences with the TSGM intervention. We identified factors that make the intervention feasible and challenging and may influence the feasibility, acceptability, dropout rate, adherence, and fidelity of the intervention. We also identified areas for future improvement of the intervention. Conclusions The use of a newly developed intervention, TSGM, is feasible and accepted by undergraduate nursing students, nurse preceptors, and nurse educators; however, refinement and improvement of the intervention and the TOPP‑N app, improvement in intervention management, and mitigation of negative factors are necessary before a randomized controlled trial can be performed. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/31646
New solitons for the Hirota equation and generalized higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation with variable coefficients

In this paper, multisoliton solutions of the Hirota equation with variable coefficients are obtained by the Darboux transformation based on the Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur technology. As an example, we discuss the evolutional behaviour of a two-soliton solution in a soliton control fibre system. The results reveal that one may control the interaction between the pulses by choosing the third-order dispersion parameters d4 and h appropriately. Meanwhile, more generalized forms of bright soliton and dark soliton solutions of generalized higher order nonlinear Schrödinger equations (GHONLSE) with variable coefficients are obtained by the extended tanh-function method. Moreover, new bright and dark combined solitary wave, kink solitary wave and M-shaped solitary wave to GHONLSE with variable coefficients are firstly reported in this paper. Especially, the term proportional to α1 resulting from the group velocity decides the group velocity and the phase shift of these new solitary waves.
Hierarchical model of fibrillar collagen distribution for polarization-resolved SHG microscopy

A hierarchical model of the organization of fibrillar collagen is developed and its implications on polarization-resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy are investigated. A “ground-up” approach is employed to develop the theory for understanding of the origin of SHG from fibrillar collagen. The effects of fibril ultrastructure and fibril macroscopic organization on the second-order polarization properties of fibrillar collagen are presented in conjunction with recent ab initio results performed on a collagen triple-helix model (-GLY-PRO-HYP-)n. Various tissues containing fibrillar collagen are quantified using a polarization-resolved SHG technique, termed polarization-in, polarization-out (PIPO) and interpreted in light of the aforementioned theory. The method involves varying the incident laser polarization, while monitoring the SHG intensity through an analyzer. From the SHG polarization data the orientation of the fibers, in biological tissue, can be deduced. Unique PIPO signatures are observed for different rat tissues and interpreted in terms of the collagen composition, fibril ultrastructure, and macroscopic organization. Similarities and discrepancies in the second-order polarization properties of different collagen types and ultrastructures will be presented. PIPO SHG microscopy shows promise in its ability to quantify the organization of collagen in various tissues. The ability to characterize the structure of collagen in various tissue microenvironments will aid in the study of numerous collagen related biological process, including tissue diseases, wound repair, and tumor development and progression.
Altered Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Anxious Parkinson’s Disease

Objective: Anxiety symptoms are persistent in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the underlying neural substrates are still unclear. In the current study, we aimed to explore the underlying neural mechanisms in PD patients with anxiety symptoms. Methods: 42 PD-A patients, 41 PD patients without anxiety symptoms (PD-NA), and 40 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in the present study. All the subjects performed 3.0T fMRI scans. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) analysis was used to investigate the alterations in neural activity among the three groups. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the altered fALFF value of the PD-A group and anxiety scores. Results: Compared with HCs, PD-A patients had higher fALFF values in the left cerebellum, cerebellum posterior lobe, bilateral temporal cortex, and brainstem and lower fALFF values in the bilateral inferior gyrus, bilateral basal ganglia areas, and left inferior parietal lobule. Moreover, between the two PD groups, PD-A patients showed higher fALFF values in the right precuneus and lower fALFF values in the bilateral inferior gyrus, bilateral basal ganglia areas, left inferior parietal lobule, and left occipital lobe. Furthermore, Pearson’s correlation analysis demonstrated that the right precuneus and left caudate were correlated with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores. Conclusion: Our study found that anxiety symptoms in PD patients may be related to alterations of neurological activities in multiple brain regions. Furthermore, these may be critical radiological biomarkers for PD-A patients. Therefore, these findings can improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PD-A.
Effects of Acoustic Environment Types on Stress Relief in Urban Parks

Urban public space environments are critical to the health of residents. In previous studies on urban park environments and health, landscape environment questionnaires have been the main method to evaluate the environmental quality and comfort of urban parks. The research on sound perception also focuses on the exploration of evaluation methods and evaluation indicators; there is little objective empirical evidence in these studies. To further explore the nature of the health role of urban parks, this study started with the sound types of urban parks, based on a field survey, combined the electrocardiogram (ECG) index with the sound type of the park through a portable intelligent device, and HR and RMSSD were selected as the ECG indicators to evaluate the stress relief status. The regression model between the type of acoustic environments and the ECG data was established through the analysis of relevant data. This paper tries to improve the physiological recovery benefit and influence mechanism of sound types in urban parks from an objective point of view and puts forward reasonable suggestions to improve the sound environment in urban parks. The preliminary results show that, in a short time frame, natural sound has a strong relieving effect on mental pressure, while mechanical sound has an obvious impediment effect on the recovery of mental pressure. The results also reveal that the human voice has no obvious impediment effect, and changes in wind and broadcast sound have little impact on the recovery of mental pressure.
Analysis of the occultation of Epsilon Geminorum by Mars

High-time-resolution photoelectric measurements of the occultation of Epsilon Gem by Mars were obtained with the 36-in. telescope at Goddard Space Flight Center. Temperature profiles as a function of number density have been determined by inverting the immersion and emersion light curves on the assumption of a pure CO2 atmosphere. For number densities between 10 to the 13th and 10 to the 15th power per cu cm, the temperature varies in a wavelike fashion about a mean value near 150 K. These temperature profiles agree well with those derived from airborne observations by Elliot et al. (1977), indicating that the atmospheric features producing the excursions in the temperature profiles extend for at least 100 km along the Martian limb.
Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed-Convective Flow and Heat and Mass Transfer Past a Vertical Plate in a Porous Medium With Constant Wall Suction

The problem of steady laminar hydromagnetic heat transfer by mixed convection flow over a vertical plate embedded in a uniform porous medium in the presence of a uniform normal magnetic field is studied. Convective heat transfer through porous media has wide applications in engineering problems such as in high temperature heat exchangers and in insulation problems. We construct solutions for the free convection boundary-layer flow equations using an Adomian–Pade approximation method that in the recent past has proven to be an able alternative to the traditional numerical techniques. The effects of the various flow parameters such as the Eckert, Hartmann, and Schmidt numbers on the skin friction coefficient and the concentration, velocity, and temperature profiles are discussed and presented graphically. A comparison of our results with those obtained using traditional numerical methods in earlier studies is made, and the results show an excellent agreement. The results demonstrate the reliability and the efficiency of the Adomian–Pade method in an unbounded domain.
The radial oscillations of neutron stars

Recherche de l'influence de l'equation d'etat de la matiere (dans un regime a densite nucleaire) sur le comportement dynamique des etoiles a neutrons. On presente les proprietes des deux modes d'oscillation radiale aux plus faibles frequences pour des etoiles a neutrons, construites a partir de 13 equations d'etat
Multiple Auroral Streamer Bundles in Conjugate Hemispheres and Multiple Near‐Earth Injections

The auroral streamer is a type of auroral form commonly observed during geomagnetic substorms. Previous studies suggested a coupling between auroral streamers and channels of bursty bulk flows in the plasma sheet. However, whether one flow channel can map to multiple streamers is unclear. Here, we present an event containing consecutive auroral streamer subevents. The event features similar spatial and temporal development of auroral streamers in conjugate hemispheres. In most of the subevents, we observed that what an in‐space auroral camera saw as one streamer actually consisted of multiple streamers (i.e., a streamer bundle). A coordinated analysis of near‐earth injections and ionospheric currents suggests that one overall flow channel (or bubble) can map to a streamer bundle. Multiple streamer bundles and thus multiple overall flow channels can occur simultaneously at different local times. Evidence supports that the overall flow channel may consist of or split into several narrower flow channels and each maps to a streamer and causes a particle injection.
Ab initio study of pressure-induced metal-insulator transition in cubic FeGe

Ab initio density functional calculations have been performed for cubic FeGe. The calculated equilibrium geometry as well as the ordered magnetic moment in the ground state are in excellent agreement with experiment. To study the influence under pressure, we survey the electronic structure varying the lattice constant while fully relaxing all atomic positions for magnetic and nonmagnetic states. At a critical pressure ${p}_{c}\ensuremath{\simeq}40\text{ }\text{GPa}$, the magnetic solution becomes unstable and the ordered magnetic moment disappears. The breakdown of magnetism is associated with the opening of a gap in the electronic density of states which highlights a pressure-induced metal-to-insulator transition. Standard exchange-correlation functionals based on the local density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) suggest a continuous decrease in the ordered magnetic moment under pressure. This changes to first order when the nonlocal character of the exchange-interaction is accounted for, with the hybrid functional B3LYP.
Vibration analysis of rotating Timoshenko beams by means of the differential quadrature method

Vibration analysis of rotating beams is a topic of constant interest in mechanical engineering. The differential quadrature method (DQM) is used to obtain the natural frequencies of free transverse vibration of rotating beams. As it is known the DQM offers an accurate and useful method for solution of differential equations. And it is an effective technique for solving this kind of problems as it is shown comparing the obtained results with those available in the open literature and with those obtained by an independent solution using the finite element method. The beam model is based on the Timoshenko beam theory.
From Multiple Independent Metrics to Single Performance Measure Based on Objective Function

It is extremely common in engineering to design algorithms to perform various tasks. In data-driven decision making in any field one needs to ascertain the quality of an algorithm. Therefore, a robust assessment of algorithms is essential in deciding the best algorithm as well as in improving algorithms. To perform such an assessment objectively is obvious in the case of a single performance metric, but it is unclear in the case of multiple metrics. Nonetheless, $F_{1}$ measure is widely used in cases with two metrics; $F_{1}$ measure represents the harmonic mean (HM) of two metrics. Of course, there are other means, e.g., the arithmetic mean (AM) and the geometric mean (GM). As motivations for using them are intuitive and none of them are based on any objective function, it is difficult to judge objectively which is the best one. In this paper, the single metric case is examined to develop two objective functions that are applicable for any number of metrics. These two objective functions lead to two different performance measures - the distance from the origin (DO) and the distance from the ideal position (DIP). It introduces a new concept of the remaining phase space for the evaluation of the quality of a performance measure. On further and closer examinations of the original goal and the phase space of the metrics, amongst these five measures, either HM or DIP is found to be the best. Specifically, it is found that HM is the best measure at the lower performance end, while DIP is clearly the best measure at the higher performance end and is of much practical interest. Rules for deciding the best algorithm and the order of a set of algorithms are presented. These results are derived in the context of multiple independent and bounded metrics. Furthermore, several properties and detailed discussions are provided, following which some published results are reviewed in the present context to elucidate some points.