Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative Precision of Ability Estimation in Polytomous CAT: A Comparison under the Generalized Partial Credit Model and Graded Response Model.

The purpose of this Monte Carlo study was to evaluate the relative accuracy of T. Warm's weighted likelihood estimate (WLE) compared to maximum likelihood estimate (MLE), expected a posteriori estimate (EAP), and maximum a posteriori estimate (MAP), using the generalized partial credit model (GPCM) and graded response model (GRM) under a variety of computerized adaptive testing conditions. In general, for all four theta estimation methods, conditional and overall bias, standard error (SE), and root mean square error (RMSE) decreased as test length, test reliability, and item bank size increased. The magnitudes of the differences among the dependent variables decreased as the values of the independent variables increased. For both models, WLE outperformed MLE in terms of all the dependent variables studied, and WLE performed better than the Bayesian methods in terms of bias. MLE had less bias than both Bayesian methods. In general, for the fixed length test, both the GPCM and the GRM models, estimation method, and test length has some impact on bias, SE, and RMSE. But, the model factor had the greatest impact on RMSE, accounting for 31.2% of the total variance of RMSE under the GRM. For the fixed test reliability, the model factor had almost no influence on bias, SE, and RMSE under the GRM. (Contains 4 tables and 24 references.) (Author/SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Relative Precision of Ability Estimation in Polytomous CAT: A Comparison under the Generalized Partial Credit Model and Graded Response Model Shudong Wang Harcourt Educational Measurement Tianyou Wang Independent Consultant CNA (N,1 All correspondence should be sent to Shudong Wang 19500 Bulverde Road 1-San Antonio, TX 78259-3701 (210) 339-5535 Shudong_wang@Harcourt.corn 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
A Combined Bound for Errors in Auditing Based on Hoeffding's Inequality and the Bootstrap

For an accounting population's total error amount, confidence bounds that are reliable but not too conservative help auditors avoid costly overauditing. Parametric methods that have been proposed are not always robust. To date, none of the nonparametric methods proposed have shown superiority over the others in all population settings. This article describes a simulation study of a nonparametric bound on the total error amount in an auditing population when dollar-unit sampling is employed. The bound is a combination of two new bounds, one generated by Hoeffding's inequality and the other by a modified nonparametric bootstrap-t method that makes use of today's powerful yet cheap and readily available computer technology. At the 95% confidence level for sample size 120, the combined bound is reliable over a wide range of simulated study populations and is on average 13% smaller than the benchmark Stringer bound based on the binomial distribution. For real accounting populations, the combined bound remains .
Calibration of LAMOST spectral analysis

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) started its test observation in the past year (2009). The spectroscopic reduction and analysis software is avalible for the determination of spectral classifications, redshifts and the fundamental stellar atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity). The analysis results show some systematic errors that need to be calibrated. We will present the results of these calibrations in this paper. Comparing with known objects observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we can calibrate the redshifts of LAMOST galaxy spectra. Results from external spectral analysis software, the Sloan Extension for Galactic Exploration and Understanding (SEGUE) Stellar Parameter Pipeline (SSPP), will be applied to check the accuracy of the radial velocity (RV) measurement. Meanwhile, the atmospheric parameters of LAMOST stellar spectra are compared with known objects for calibrating our spectral analysis.
G-Meijer functions series as solutions for certain fractional variational problem on a finite time interval

Simple fractional variational problem on a finite time interval is studied. This equation, obtained by minimum action principle, contains left- and right-sided fractional derivatives. When fractional order α ∈ 2 (1, 2) we arrive at variational version of fractional oscillator, which yields in the limit α → 1 + the classical harmonic oscillator. Mellin transform is applied and general continuous solution inform of G-Meijer functions series is derived. An approximate solution for fractional case and small values of λ - square of frequency is explicitly calculated. For integer order a = I classical results are recovered.
Patient Clustering for Vital Organ Failure Using ICD Code With Graph Attention

Objective: Heart failure, respiratory failure and kidney failure are three severe organ failures (OF) that have high mortalities and are most prevalent in intensive care units. The objective of this work is to offer insights into OF clustering from the aspects of graph neural networks and diagnosis history. Methods: This paper proposes a neural network-based pipeline to cluster three types of organ failure patients by incorporating embedding pre-train using an ontology graph of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. We employ an autoencoder-based deep clustering architecture jointly trained with a K-means loss, and a non-linear dimension reduction is performed to obtain patient clusters on the MIMIC-III dataset. Results: The clustering pipeline shows superior performance on a public-domain image dataset. On the MIMIC-III dataset, it discovers two distinct clusters that exhibit different comorbidity spectra which can be related to the severity of diseases. The proposed pipeline is compared with several other clustering models and shows superiority. Conclusion: Our proposed pipeline gives stable clusters, however, they do not correspond to the type of OF which indicates these OF share significant hidden characteristics in diagnosis. These clusters can be used to signal possible complications and severity of illness and aid personalised treatment. Significance: We are the first to apply an unsupervised approach to offer insights from a biomedical engineering perspective on these three types of organ failure, and publish the pre-trained embeddings for future transfer learning.
Linear and nonlinear shear flow behavior of monodisperse polyisoprene melts with a large range of molecular weights

Shear rheological data for a wide range of nearly monodisperse linear polyisoprene melts are reported herein using the results of linear and nonlinear measurements. The number of entanglements per chain ranges from about 0.5 to 230. In order to extend the range of available frequencies and shear rates the procedure of time-temperature superposition is improved and validated in both the linear and the nonlinear regime. In the linear flow regime a detailed comparison with the tube theory by Likhtman and McLeish [Macromolecules 35, 6332–6343 (2002)] was performed. The overall agreement was found to be satisfactory but several minor disagreements, e.g., at the crossover regime and for the steady-state compliance, were observed and have been discussed. Until now, most nonlinear models for entangled polymers were compared with shear data on solutions. However, the equivalence between solutions and melts is not well established. In this paper the results of a series of nonlinear start-up shear experiments are co.
Polynomial transforms of linear recurring sequences over finite commutative rings

Let Μ be a linear recurring sequence (LRS) over a finite commutative local ring R with identity, and let Φ(χ) € R[x] . We find a characteristic polynomial H(x) and prove an upper estimate for the rank (linear complexity) over R of the sequence v = Φ(ιι). If Μ is an m-sequence over the residue field R = R/J(R) = GF(q) of the ring R and deg<&(*) < q 1, then this estimate is attained and Η (χ) is a minimal polynomial of v. Analogous results are obtained for the sequence ν = Φ(ΗΙ , . . . , UK) which is a polynomial transform of Κ linear recurrences UV. ,UK over R.
High-Throughput Sequencing Analysis of the Changes in the Salivary Microbiota of Hungarian Young and Adult Subpopulation by an Anthocyanin Chewing Gum and Toothbrush Change

The sour cherry contains anthocyanins, which have bactericide action against some oral bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Sour cherry also has antibiofilm action against Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Our earlier research proved that chewing sour cherry anthocyanin gum significantly reduces the amount of human salivary alpha-amylase and Streptococcus mutans levels. The microbiota of a toothbrush affects oral health and regular toothbrush change is recommended. A total of 20 healthy participants were selected for the study. We analysed saliva samples with 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the effect of 2 weeks (daily three times, after main meals) of chewing sour cherry anthocyanin gum—supplemented by toothbrush change in half of our case–control study cohort—after scaling on human oral microbiota. A more stable and diverse microbiome could be observed after scaling by the anthocyanin gum. Significant differences between groups (NBR: not toothbrush changing; BR: toothbrush changing) were evaluated by log2 proportion analysis of the most abundant family and genera. The analysis showed that lower level of some Gram-negative anaerobic (Prevotella melaninogenica, Porphyromonas pasteri, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincentii) and Gram-positive (Rothia mucilaginosa) bacteria could be observed in the case group (BR), accompanied by build-up of health-associated Streptococcal network connections.
The Coexistence of Gravity Waves From Diverse Sources During a SOUTHTRAC Flight

We use observations from one of the SOUTHTRAC (Southern Hemisphere Transport, Dynamics, and Chemistry) Campaign flights in Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula during September 2019 to analyze possible sources of gravity waves (GW) in this hotspot during austral late winter and early spring. Data from two of the instruments onboard the German High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) are employed: the Airborne Lidar for Middle Atmosphere research (ALIMA) and the Basic HALO Measurement and Sensor System (BAHAMAS). The former provides vertical temperature profiles along the trajectory, while the latter gives the three components of velocity, pressure, and temperature at the flight position. GW‐induced perturbations are obtained from these observations. We include numerical simulations from the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model to place a four‐dimensional context for the GW observed during the flight and to present possible interpretations of the measurements, for example, the orientation or eventual propagation sense of the waves may not be inferred using only data obtained onboard. We first evaluate agreements and discrepancies between the model outcomes and the observations. This allowed us an assessment of the WRF performance in the generation, propagation, and eventual dissipation of diverse types of GW through the troposphere, stratosphere, and lower mesosphere. We then analyze the coexistence and interplay of mountain waves (MW) and non‐orographic (NO) GW. The MW dominate above topographic areas and in the direction of the so‐called GW belt, whereas the latter waves are mainly relevant above oceanic zones. WRF simulates NOGW as mainly upward propagating entities above the lower stratosphere. Model runs show that deep vertical propagation conditions are in general favorable during this flight but also that in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere and mainly above topography there is some potential for wave breaking. The numerical simulations evaluate the GW drag for the whole flight area and find that the strongest effect is located in the zonal component around the stratopause. The general behavior against height resembles that obtained with a local fixed lidar data. According to WRF results, up to 100 km horizontal wavelength MW account for about half of the force opposing the circulation of the atmosphere.
Phonons and electron-phonon coupling in YNi2B2C

We present a combined density functional perturbation theory and inelastic neutron scattering study of the lattice dynamical properties of YNi2B2C. In general, very good agreement was found between theory and experiment for both phonon energies and line widths. Our analysis reveals that the strong coupling of certain low energy modes is linked to the presence of large displacements of the light atoms, i.e., B and C, which is unusual in view of the rather low phonon energies. Specific modes exhibiting a strong coupling to the electronic quasiparticles were investigated as a function of temperature. Their energies and line widths showed marked changes on cooling from room temperature to just above the superconducting transition at Tc = 15.2 K. Calculations simulating the effects of temperature allow us to model the observed temperature dependence qualitatively.
Effect of Associated Bacteria GD1 on the Low-Temperature Adaptability of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Based on RNA-Seq and RNAi

To explore the effect of associated bacteria on the low-temperature adaptability of pinewood nematodes (PWNs), transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of PWN AH23 treated with the associated bacterial strain Bacillus cereus GD1 was carried out with reference to the whole PWN genome. Bioinformatic software was utilized to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). This study was based on the analysis of DEGs to verify the function of daf-11 by RNAi. The results showed that there were 439 DEGs between AH23 treated with GD1 and those treated with ddH2O at 10 °C. There were 207 pathways annotated in the KEGG database and 48 terms annotated in the GO database. It was found that after RNAi of daf-11, the survival rate of PWNs decreased significantly at 10 °C, and fecundity decreased significantly at 15 °C. It can be concluded that the associated bacteria GD1 can enhance the expression of genes related to PWN low-temperature adaptation and improve their adaptability to low temperatures.
The RUNX Family Defines Trk Phenotype and Aggressiveness of Human Neuroblastoma through Regulation of p53 and MYCN

The Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) family, which is essential for the differentiation of cells of neural crest origin, also plays a potential role in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. Consecutive studies in various tumor types have demonstrated that the RUNX family can play either pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic roles in a context-dependent manner, including in response to chemotherapeutic agents. However, in primary neuroblastomas, RUNX3 acts as a tumor-suppressor, whereas RUNX1 bifunctionally regulates cell proliferation according to the characterized genetic and epigenetic backgrounds, including MYCN oncogenesis. In this review, we first highlight the current knowledge regarding the mechanism through which the RUNX family regulates the neurotrophin receptors known as the tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) family, which are significantly associated with neuroblastoma aggressiveness. We then focus on the possible involvement of the RUNX family in functional alterations of the p53 family members that execute either tumor-suppressive or dominant-negative functions in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. By examining the tripartite relationship between the RUNX, Trk, and p53 families, in addition to the oncogene MYCN, we endeavor to elucidate the possible contribution of the RUNX family to neuroblastoma tumorigenesis for a better understanding of potential future molecular-based therapies.
Attitudes of Healthcare Workers in Israel towards the Fourth Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine

Attitudes of healthcare workers (HCWs) toward vaccines are extremely important for increasing vaccination coverage. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the beginning of the fourth COVID-19 vaccination dose campaign among 124 HCWs to evaluate attitudes towards the fourth dose and willingness to get vaccinated. At that time, Israel was the first country to approve the fourth vaccine dose. Most women were unwilling to get the fourth vaccine dose compared to men; 53.9% of physicians were unwilling to get vaccinated compared to 83.3% of nurses and 69% of other HCWs professions. The most frequent concerns regarding the vaccine were its efficacy, benefit, and necessity. The perceived risk and perceived severity of the health risk involved with getting vaccinated with the fourth dose were higher among HCWs who stated that they would not get vaccinated compared to those who were vaccinated or intended to get vaccinated. In contrast, HCWs who were vaccinated with the fourth dose, or those who were planning to get vaccinated, gave higher scores to the perceived benefit of the booster, its advantages, its perceived safety, its ability to protect from severe illness, and the perceived extent of scientific information about the risk associated with the booster. A logistic regression model revealed that perception of the fourth dose’s benefits and risk significantly predict the willingness of HCWs to get vaccinated. Willingness to vaccinate their own children, acceptance of a hypothetical annual booster vaccine, and having less severe adverse effects after prior vaccination were also associated with willingness to get the fourth dose. These findings could help policy makers in developing strategies to expand the acceptance and coverage of the COVID-19 booster doses.
Evaluation of New Potential Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, is associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity due to its high potential to cause stroke and systemic thromboembolism. Inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of AF and its maintenance. We aimed to evaluate a range of inflammatory markers as potentially involved in the pathophysiology of individuals with nonvalvular AF (NVAF). A total of 105 subjects were enrolled and divided into two groups: patients with NVAF (n = 55, mean age 72 ± 8 years) and a control group of individuals in sinus rhythm (n = 50, mean age 71 ± 8 years). Inflammatory-related mediators were quantified in plasma samples by using Cytometric Bead Array and Multiplex immunoassay. Subjects with NVAF presented significantly elevated values of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon-gamma, growth differentiation factor-15, myeloperoxidase, as well as IL-4, interferon-gamma-induced protein (IP-10), monokine induced by interferon-gamma, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and serum amyloid A in comparison with controls. However, after multivariate regression analysis adjusting for confounding factors, only IL-6, IL-10, TNF, and IP-10 remained significantly associated with AF. We provided a basis for the study of inflammatory markers whose association with AF has not been addressed before, such as IP-10, in addition to supporting evidence about molecules that had previously been associated with the disease. We expect to contribute to the discovery of markers that can be implemented in clinical practice hereafter.
A multiwavelength view of the transient sky:gamma-ray bursts andother fast transientsfrom optical to gamma-rays

In this thesis I tackled several issues connected with the modern time domain astronomy focusing on the study of fast transient events, especially gamma–ray bursts (GRBs), which are the most energetic transient phenomena on stellar scale observed in the Universe. Specifically, I studied the temporal variability of GRBs by means of Fourier analysis. To do this I adopted two different approaches: studying the average properties of all the GRB power density spectra (PDS) and then analysing each individual PDS. I carried out the average PDS analysis on a sample of bright GRBs detected by the BeppoSAX Gamma–Ray Burst Monitor and the Fermi Gamma–ray Burst Monitor. The BeppoSAX /GRBM data, in the energy range 40–700 keV and with 7.8 and 0.5 ms time resolutions, allowed me to explore the average PDS at a unprecedented high frequencies (up to 1 kHz). It revealed a break around 1–2 Hz, previously found in CGRO/BATSE data. This break provide an important hint on the physical mechanism involved. It can be linked to several possible interpretations (intrinsic variability of the central engine, Lorenz factors distribution, wind thickness, etc.) The Fermi/GBM data, in the energy band 8–1000 keV, allowed me to explore the average PDS within a unprecedented broad energy range. My results confirm the energy dependence of the PDS slope extending it over a broader energy range, according to which harder photons have shallower PDS slope. Their physical implications are still not clear and will hopefully be matter of future study in the literature. In the second approach I focused on the study of the individual PDS of different samples of long GRB. The PDS are modelled with a power–law or a bent power–law depending on the results of a specific Bayesian analysis based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The PDS slope is found to correlate with both the peak energy Ep of the νFν spectrum and marginally the high–energy power–law index βB estimated with a Band function. I also found that GRBs with a short dominant time–scale (τ , the typical duration of the pulses in the light curve) and long overall event duration (T5σ)
Coping Strategies and Help-Seeking Behaviors of College Students and Postdoctoral Fellows with Disabilities or Pre-Existing Conditions during COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a global and multifaceted impact on public health. Marginalized and vulnerable populations, such as college students and postdoctoral fellows with disabilities or pre-existing conditions, are being disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Various barriers contribute to an individual’s intentions to seek mental health help, but with COVID-19’s unprecedented permeability, more research is needed to support this student population. This phenomenological study explored the coping strategies and help-seeking behaviors of college students and postdoctoral fellows with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews from fall 2020 (n = 36) and spring 2021 (n = 28), a thematic analysis was conducted. The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping was used to triangulate findings, to better understand the relationship between perceived stressors, coping mechanisms, and psychological outcomes. The findings show that (1) college students with disabilities coped in multiple ways (i.e., behavioral, relational, and mental), with some noting improvements in their coping abilities by spring, and (2) stigma prevented college students with disabilities from seeking help when needed. These findings emphasize the need for higher education to address ableism and use factors beneficial to fostering resiliency (i.e., social support, optimism, and self-advocacy) among college students with disabilities.
Potential Barrier of Phenol from its Microwave Spectrum

The microwave spectrum of phenol, C 6 12 H 5 O 16 H, was measured in the frequency range from 15 to 30 Gc/sec. A majority of the spectral lines was found to be doublet, which was explained as the effect of internal rotation of the OH-group in a hindering potential of the form V =( V 2 /2)×(1-cos 2 x ). The barrier height, V 2 was determined to be 1100±100 cm -1 from the observed splittings. By the use of a rigid rotor model, the effective rotational constants were calculated to be A =5650.46 Mc/sec, B =2619.20 Mc/sec and C =1789.84 Mc/sec. From these values, the OH-bond in its equilibrium configuration was found to lie on the plane comprising the C 6 H 5 -group.