Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Independent of physical activity, volumetric muscle loss injury in a murine model impairs whole-body metabolism

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries result in a non-recoverable loss of muscle tissue and function due to trauma or surgery. Reductions in physical activity increase the risk of metabolic comorbidities over time, and it is likely that VML may reduce whole-body activity. However, these aspects remain uncharacterized following injury. Our goal was to characterize the impact of VML on whole-body physical activity and metabolism, and to further investigate possible muscle-specific metabolic changes. Adult male C57Bl/6J (n = 28) mice underwent a standardized VML injury to the posterior compartment of the hind limb, or served as injury naïve controls. Mice underwent longitudinal evaluation of whole-body physical activity and metabolism in specialized cages up to three times over the course of 8 weeks. At terminal time points of 4- and 8-weeks post-VML in vivo muscle function of the posterior compartment was evaluated. Additionally, the gastrocnemius muscle was collected to understand histological and biochemical changes in the muscle remaining after VML. The VML injury did not alter the physical activity of mice. However, there was a noted reduction in whole-body metabolism and diurnal fluctuations between lipid and carbohydrate oxidation were also reduced, largely driven by lower carbohydrate utilization during active hours. Following VML, muscle-specific changes indicate a decreased proportion of fast (i.e., type IIb and IIx) and a greater proportion of slow (i.e., type I and IIa) fibers. However, there were minimal changes in the capillarity and metabolic biochemical activity properties of the gastrocnemius muscle, suggesting a miss-match in capacity to support the physiologic needs of the fibers. These novel findings indicate that following VML, independent of changes in physical activity, there is whole-body diurnal metabolic inflexibility. Supporting future investigations into the chronic and overlooked co-morbidities of VML injury.
Enhanced Recovery Protocol Enhances Postdischarge Recovery After Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy

Objective The objective of this study is to determine if an ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) protocol enhanced the patient-perceived postdischarge recovery after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. Methods In this prospective cohort study, patients exposed to an ERAS protocol completed a preoperative survey that included established predictors of postdischarge recovery. Postoperatively, they completed the validated Postdischarge Surgical Recovery 13 (PSR-13) scale at 7, 14, and 42 days. A historical cohort of non-ERAS patients who completed similar surveys were included for comparisons. Characteristics between the 2 cohorts were analyzed using the χ2 test, Student t tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests where appropriate. A mixed-design analysis of variance model was constructed to determine if our ERAS protocol affected recovery as measured by the PSR-13 scale. Results Eighty-nine ERAS patients were compared with 169 non-ERAS controls. There were no differences in established predictors of recovery between the groups. Length of hospital stay was shorter in the ERAS cohort (33±13.1 hours vs 44.2±25.9 hours; mean difference, 11.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.44–16.0). Postdischarge recovery significantly improved with time (7 days: 52.7; 95% CI, 50.1–55.2; 14 days: 63.4; 95% CI, 60.9–65.8; 42 days: 80.1, 95% CI, 78.1–82.1). The ERAS cohort reported greater postdischarge recovery than the non-ERAS cohort (as measured by the PSR-13 scale) at postoperative days 7, 14, and 42 days (68.4 vs 62.3; mean difference, 6.1; 95% CI, 2.04–10.16). Conclusions Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols reduce length of hospital stay and enhance patient-perceived postdischarge recovery.
Perioperative patient safety management activities: A modified theory of planned behavior

Patient safety is an important healthcare issue worldwide, and patient accidents in the operating room can lead to serious problems. Accordingly, we investigated the explanatory ability of a modified theory of planned behavior to improve patient safety activities in the operating room. Questionnaires were distributed to perioperative nurses working in 12 large hospitals in Korea. The modified theory of planned behavior data from a total of 330 nurses were analyzed. The conceptual model was based on the theory of planned behavior data, with two additional organizational factors—job factors and safety management system. Individual factors included attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and patient safety management activities. Results indicated that job factors were negatively associated with perceived behavioral control. The patient safety management system was positively associated with attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were positively associated with behavioral intention. Behavioral intention was positively associated with patient safety management activities. The modified theory of planned behavior effectively explained patient safety management activities in the operating room. Both organizations and individuals are required to improve patient safety management activities.
APPsα rescues impaired Ca2+ homeostasis in APP- and APLP2-deficient hippocampal neurons

Significance Ca2+ dysfunction is correlated to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease; mechanistic insight into the physiological role of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) for Ca2+ homeostasis is still missing. We demonstrate that loss of APP and its homolog APLP2, but not APLP2 alone, impairs Ca2+ handling and synaptic plasticity because of altered function of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores caused by altered expression and function of the SERCA-ATPase as well as by expression of store-operated Ca2+ channel–associated proteins Stim1 and Stim2. Long-term expression of the APPsα ectodomain restored physiological Ca2+ homeostasis, protein expression, and synaptic plasticity in APP/APLP2 cDKO cultures, emphasizing the role of the APP family and especially of the ectodomain APPsα in Ca2+ homeostasis, thereby highlighting its therapeutic potential. Alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis have been reported in several in vitro and in vivo studies using mice expressing the Alzheimer’s disease–associated transgenes, presenilin and the amyloid precursor protein (APP). While intense research focused on amyloid-β–mediated functions on neuronal Ca2+ handling, the physiological role of APP and its close homolog APLP2 is still not fully clarified. We now elucidate a mechanism to show how APP and its homolog APLP2 control neuronal Ca2+ handling and identify especially the ectodomain APPsα as an essential regulator of Ca2+ homeostasis. Importantly, we demonstrate that the loss of APP and APLP2, but not APLP2 alone, impairs Ca2+ handling, the refill of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores, and synaptic plasticity due to altered function and expression of the SERCA-ATPase and expression of store-operated Ca2+ channel–associated proteins Stim1 and Stim2. Long-term AAV-mediated expression of APPsα, but not acute application of the recombinant protein, restored physiological Ca2+ homeostasis and synaptic plasticity in APP/APLP2 cDKO cultures. Overall, our analysis reveals an essential role of the APP family and especially of the ectodomain APPsα in Ca2+ homeostasis, thereby highlighting its therapeutic potential.
Simple Technique for Preparing Stable and Recyclable Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates with Crude-Pored Microspherical Silica Core

With the aim of providing a highly stable and easy recyclable biocatalyst, we prepared a new biocatalyst formulation based on cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) technology by the physical adsorption of cross-linked phenylalanine ammonia lyase on a highly porous microspherical silica gel solid support (S-CLEAs). The main factors in the preparation of S-CLEAs were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) indicated that the CLEAs were successfully immobilized on the crude-pored microspherical silica gel. Compared to standard CLEAs, the S-CLEAs can be easily separated from the reaction mixture by natural precipitation without centrifugation and filtration treatments. Although the S-CLEAs revealed an excellent stability of the enzyme against high temperature and denaturants, the volumetric activity of the S-CLEAs decreased because of the presence of silica gel. In a word, the S-CLEA technology in this study might open an attractive route toward effectively improving the catalytic properties of traditional CLEAs.
Providing a parent-administered outcome measure in a bilingual family of a father and a mother of two adolescents with ASD: brief report

ABSTRACT There is a need for psychometrically sound outcome measures for treatment studies that have a low burden for families and that are available in multiple languages. We have developed a language assessment in English and Spanish that parents can administer to their children at home via telehealth-delivered procedures. The current case study presents descriptive data on a single family of two parent-child dyads. Both the mother and father from a single family were trained in their primary language (Spanish) on how to administer the Expressive Language Sampling – Narration (ELS-N) in their secondary language (English) to their two English-speaking monolingual sons with ASD through telehealth-delivered procedures. Both parents learned to administer the procedures to a predetermined level of fidelity. Extension to a larger sample of bilingual families is needed for this home-based, parent-administered test; however, the present results suggest feasibility even when the language of training and administration differ.
Truth in wine yeast

Evolutionary history and early association with anthropogenic environments have made Saccharomyces cerevisiae the quintessential wine yeast. This species typically dominates any spontaneous wine fermentation and, until recently, virtually all commercially available wine starters belonged to this species. The Crabtree effect, and the ability to grow under fully anaerobic conditions, contribute decisively to their dominance in this environment. But not all strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are equally suitable as starter cultures. In this article, we review the physiological and genetic characteristics of S. cerevisiae wine strains, as well as the biotic and abiotic factors that have shaped them through evolution. Limited genetic diversity of this group of yeasts could be a constraint to solving the new challenges of oenology. However, research in this field has for many years been providing tools to increase this diversity, from genetic engineering and classical genetic tools to the inclusion of other yeast species in the catalogues of wine yeasts. On occasion, these less conventional species may contribute to the generation of interspecific hybrids with S. cerevisiae. Thus, our knowledge about wine strains of S. cerevisiae and other wine yeasts is constantly expanding. Over the last decades, wine yeast research has been a pillar for the modernisation of oenology, and we can be confident that yeast biotechnology will keep contributing to solving any challenges, such as climate change, that we may face in the future.
Abusive Supervision Climate and Turnover Intention: Is It My Coworkers or My Supervisor Ostracizing Me?

AIM The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between turnover intention and related constructs in an abusive supervision climate. BACKGROUND An abusive supervision climate is a work environment that is affected by the negative attitudes of an abusive supervisor. METHOD The constructs are chosen in light of upper echelons theory and social learning theory. The snowball sampling method is used to reach the participants, and 230 nurses working in Turkish hospitals participated in this survey. Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple and hierarchical linear regression analyses are carried out. RESULTS The results suggested that abusive supervision, workplace incivility, and workplace bullying have a positive effect on turnover intention as hypothesized. Abusive supervision has a significant and positive effect on workplace incivility and workplace bullying. The partial mediating effects of workplace bullying, workplace incivility, and workplace ostracism on the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention are also confirmed. CONCLUSION The significant relationships and the nonsignificant relationship provided evidence for an abusive supervision climate. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Top managers of the healthcare facilities should attempt to determine the abusive supervisors to manage the work environment and turnover intention of nurses.
Browning behavior of button mushrooms during microwave freeze-drying

ABSTRACT In order to achieve faster drying along with high product quality, microwave freeze-drying (MFD) was applied to dry button mushrooms. Although MFD can lead to similar product quality compared with freeze-drying (FD), the color deterioration of MFD mushroom is higher than FD ones. Therefore, two drying methods were used to investigate the browning behaviors of button mushrooms during MFD in terms of parameters including polyphenol oxidase activity, total phenolic content, moisture content, reducing sugar content, and vitamin C content. It was found that both whiteness and browning degree can be used to describe the browning kinetics of button mushrooms during the MFD process. Both nonenzymatic browning and enzymatic browning took place during MFD of button mushrooms, but the effect of enzymatic browning was more significant, which should be controlled during MFD. In order to avoid enzymatic browning during MFD of button mushrooms, a relatively low microwave power at initial stage of MFD should be adopted. Meanwhile, a low microwave power also should be used at the end stage of MFD so as to reduce nonenzymatic browning.
PGC1α-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming Drives the Stemness of Pancreatic Precursor Lesions

Purpose: Metabolic reprogramming and cancer stem cells drive the aggressiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the metabolic and stemness programs of pancreatic precursor lesions (PPL), considered early PDAC development events, have not been thoroughly explored. Experimental Design: Meta-analyses using gene expression profile data from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus and IHC on tissue microarrays (TMA) were performed. The following animal and cellular models were used: cerulean-induced KrasG12D; Pdx1 Cre (KC) acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) mice, KrasG12D; Smad4Loss; Pdx-1 Cre (KCSmad4−) intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) mice, LGKC1 cell line derived from the doxycycline-inducible Gnas IPMN model, and human IPMN organoids. Flow cytometry, Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer, qRT-PCR, and sphere assay were used to analyze metabolic and stemness features. SR18292 was used to inhibit PGC1α, and short hairpin RNA was used to knockdown (KD) PGC1α. Results: The meta-analysis revealed a significant upregulation of specific stemness genes in ADM-mediated pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanIN) and IPMN. Meta- and TMA analyses followed by in vitro and in vivo validation revealed that ADM/PanIN exhibit increased PGC1α and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPhos) but reduced CPT1A. IPMN showed elevated PGC1α, fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) gene expression, and FAO-OXPhos. PGC1α was co-overexpressed with its coactivator NRF1 in ADM/PanINs and with PPARγ in IPMN. PGC1α KD or SR18292 inhibited the specific metabolic and stemness features of PPLs and repressed IPMN organoid growth. Conclusions: ADM/PanINs and IPMNs show specific stemness signatures with unique metabolisms. Inhibition of PGC1α using SR18292 diminishes the specific stemness by targeting FAO-independent and FAO-dependent OXPhos of ADM/PanINs and IPMNs, respectively.
The feasibility and acceptability of a psychosocial intervention to support people with dementia with Lewy bodies and family care partners

Objectives Psychosocial support for people with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and family care partners is frequently lacking, despite the need expressed by those with lived experience. Our objective was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention designed to build coping capability. Design The design was non-randomised with all participants receiving the intervention. Setting The setting was a Memory Assessment and Management Service in the Northeast of England. Participants Participants comprised 19 dyads consisting of a person with DLB and a family care partner. Intervention The intervention was group-based, with weekly sessions attended for up to four successive weeks. It was informed by Social Cognitive Theory. Measurements Data were collected on recruitment, attendance and attrition, self-efficacy, mood, stress and participant experience. Results Recruitment was achieved with minimal attrition and three successive groups were delivered. Care partners felt more in control and able to cope in at least 3 of 13 areas with 73% feeling this way in eight or more areas. Three themes were identified from post-intervention interviews: people like us, outcomes from being a group member and intervention design. Conclusions A DLB-specific group intervention is acceptable to people with DLB and family care partners, and recruitment is feasible within a specialist service. Participation may enhance understanding of this condition and reduce social isolation. It may improve care partners’ coping capability particularly if targeted towards those with low prior understanding of DLB and more stress. Means of evaluating outcomes for people with DLB need further development.
Preserving Effect of Ozone to Fish

1. Preserving effect of ozone was studied with fresh jack mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and shimaaji (Caranx mertensi). 2. In a preliminary experiment, molds, yeasts and aerobic asporogenus bacteria which had been streaked on agar plates were killed after the exposure in the atmosphere of ozone (0.6 ppm) for 30-60 minutes. 3. Viable bacterial counts of skin surface of the gutted fish, soaked in 3% NaCl solution containing 0.6 ppm of ozone for 30-60 minutes, decreased to 1/100 to 1/1, 000 of those of the control fish. The storage life of the fish was lengthened for 1.2-1.6 times by the ozone treatment once per two days.
External Training Demands in Women's Varsity Rugby Union Players Quantified by Wearable Microtechnology With Individualized Speed Thresholds

Abstract Nyman, DLE and Spriet, LL. External training demands in women's varsity rugby union players quantified by wearable microtechnology with individualized speed thresholds. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3151–3158, 2022—This study used wearable Global Positioning System (GPS) microtechnology with individualized speed thresholds to examine external training demands in 29 female varsity rugby union athletes during competitive season practices. Players were categorized as forwards or backs and observed during fitness, game-based, or skill training days (FT/GT/ST). Global Positioning System–derived variables included distances, high-intensity running (HIR), work-to-rest ratio, power plays, and PlayerLoad. Five speed zones categorized athlete movements and were customized according to each individual's overall maximum velocity (V̇max). Compared with backs, forwards had lower overall V̇max (6.62 ± 0.66 m·s−1; 7.38 ± 0.61 m·s−1, p = 0.003) and HIR thresholds (3.97 ± 0.40 m·s−1; 4.43 ± 0.37 m·s−1, p = 0.003). There were no interaction effects between position and training day for any GPS-derived variables. However, there were several effects of position (p ≤ 0.05), with forwards being lower than backs in mean V̇max, zone 1 distance, and power plays, and greater than backs in zone 3, zone 4, and HIR distances. Effects of the training day (p ≤ 0.05) were also observed in zone 1 distance, with FT being lower than GT and ST, and in power plays, with FT being greater than ST. In female varsity rugby union athletes, there were significant positional differences in individualized speed thresholds and external training demands. However, there were few marked differences between fitness, game-based, and skill training days.
Factors associated with incomplete immunisation in children aged 12–23 months at subnational level, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Objectives National immunisation coverage rate masks subnational immunisation coverage gaps at the state and local district levels. The objective of the current study was to determine the sociodemographic factors associated with incomplete immunisation in children at a sub-national level. Design Cross-sectional study using the WHO sampling method (2018 Reference Manual). Setting Fifty randomly selected clusters (wards) in four districts (two urban and two rural) in Enugu state, Nigeria. Participants 1254 mothers of children aged 12–23 months in July 2020. Primary and secondary outcome measures Fully immunised children and not fully immunised children. Results Full immunisation coverage (FIC) rate in Enugu state was 78.9% (95% CI 76.5% to 81.1%). However, stark difference exists in FIC rate in urban versus rural districts. Only 55.5% of children in rural communities are fully immunised compared with 94.5% in urban communities. Significant factors associated with incomplete immunisation are: children of single mothers (aOR=5.74, 95% CI 1.45 to 22.76), children delivered without skilled birth attendant present (aOR=1.93, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.99), children of mothers who did not receive postnatal care (aOR=6.53, 95% CI 4.17 to 10.22), children of mothers with poor knowledge of routine immunisation (aOR=1.76, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.87), dwelling in rural district (aOR=7.49, 95% CI 4.84 to 11.59), low-income families (aOR=1.56, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.81) and living further than 30 min from the nearest vaccination facility (aOR=2.15, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.52). Conclusions Although the proportion of fully immunised children in Enugu state is low, it is significantly lower in rural districts. Study findings suggest the need for innovative solutions to improve geographical accessibility and reinforce the importance of reporting vaccination coverage at local district level to identify districts for more targeted interventions.
Complex Extraction of Phenol and Cresol from Model Coal Tar with Polyols, Ethanol Amines, and Ionic Liquids Thereof

To develop a greener process for reclaiming phenolic compounds from low temperature coal tar, extractive performance of twelve extractants, including mono-, di-, and triethanol amines (MEA, DEA, TEA), six protonated ionic liquids (ILs) thereof with formate (FA) or acetate (Ac) anion, choline chloride, and two polyols (glycol, glycerol), were studied at varying conditions, along with the back extractability of phenols by ether. The extraction performance is MEA > DEA > TEA ≈ ILs > glycol > glycerol, while the back extraction performance of ether is just the opposite. The coexistent toluene in oil and temperature show a little influence on the extraction performance of alcoholic amines and their corresponding ILs. The extraction performance of extractants is consistent with their complexability with phenol, i.e. ethanol amines > ether > ILs > polyols, as manifested by the red shift of the UV spectrum of phenol in the above solvents. [HMEA]FA is the most promising extractant for its overall extraction perfor.