Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversity and Pathogenicity of Diaporthe Species Revealed from a Survey of Blueberry Orchards in Portugal

: Blueberries ( Vaccinium corymbosum ) are widely cultivated worldwide and largely con-sumed due to their known antioxidant and medicinal properties. Although Diaporthe species have been documented in Portugal as causal agents of blueberry twig blight and dieback, there is still scarce information on the species that cause these symptoms. Moreover, Diaporthe vaccinii , recently synonymized with D. eres , has been considered a concern to blueberry production worldwide. However, the current knowledge about its impact on blueberries remains unclear. The diversity of Diaporthe species associated with diseased blueberry plants were assessed through a national survey. A multilocus sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha ( tef1- α ), β -tubulin ( tub2 ), calmodulin ( cal ) and histone 3 ( his3 ) genes unveiled the presence of Diaporthe ambigua , D. amygdali , D. crousii , D. foeniculina , D. hybrida , D. leucospermi , D. malorum and D. rudis . Moreover, all species were fully characterized based on a detailed morphological description. Diaporthe amygdali , D. hybrida , D. leucospermi and D. malorum are reported for the ﬁrst time on diseased blueberries in Portugal. Results show that D. eres exhibited a high level of intraspeciﬁc variability within isolates, given that the strain CBS 160.32 might be a minor pathogen on blueberry plants, whereas CAA829 was revealed to be the most aggressive. Overall, this study also demonstrates that Diaporthe amygdali and D. eres may be two of the most aggressive species to blueberry plants. This study improves our understanding of the Diaporthe species and it’s causing of dieback and twig blight on Portuguese blueberry orchards. Additionally, the identiﬁcation of these pathogens represents crucial information for blueberry producers to apply appropriate phytosanitary measures, as well as offering new insights into the potential pathogenicity of D. eres on this host.
Having much, but not enough – Unmet care needs among community-dwelling older adults in Austria and Slovenia*

Principle 18 of the European Pillar of Social Rights ensures the right to affordable long-term care (LTC) services of good quality for everyone. The examination of unmet needs of care recipients is an important starting point for the improvement of long-term care policies towards this end. Since LTC policies often embrace the combination of formal and informal care, missing access to either might be seen as susceptible to generate unmet needs. However, even among those who combine both types of care, needs will often remain unmet. The perspectives of older people in need of care and their informal carers offer an important contribution to the detection of unmet needs, a concept which measures their experiences of the care-mix against their respective expectations.
(cid:1) 2C -Adrenergic Receptors Exhibit Enhanced Surface Expression and Signaling upon Association with (cid:2) 2 -Adrenergic Receptors

The (cid:1) 2C -adrenergic receptor ( (cid:1) 2C AR) is known to be poorly trafficked to the cell surface when expressed in a variety of cell types. We tested the hypothesis that the surface expression and signaling of (cid:1) 2C AR might be enhanced by heterodimeriza- tion with other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Cotransfection of (cid:1) 2C AR with more than 25 related GPCRs revealed that only coexpression with the (cid:2) 2 -adrenergic receptor ( (cid:2) 2 AR) increased the surface localization of (cid:1) 2C AR in human embry- onic kidney-293 cells. Coimmunoprecipitation of (cid:1) 2C AR with (cid:2) 2 AR confirmed a physical interaction between the two recep- tors. Confocal microscopy studies demonstrated that (cid:1) 2C AR expressed alone was mainly intracellular, whereas (cid:1) 2C AR co- expressed with (cid:2) 2 AR was predominantly localized to the plasma membrane. Ligand binding studies revealed a significant increase in (cid:1) 2C AR binding sites upon coexpression with (cid:2) 2 AR, with no apparent change in affinity for (cid:1) 2 AR ligands. Functional assays with the (cid:1) 2 AR-specific agonist brimonidine (UK 14,304) revealed that coexpression of (cid:2) 2 AR with (cid:1) 2C AR enhanced (cid:1) 2C AR-mediated activation of extracellular signal- regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, analyses of agonist-pro-moted receptor endocytosis demonstrated enhanced (cid:1) 2C AR internalization in response to (cid:1) 2 AR agonists when (cid:1) 2C AR and (cid:2) 2 AR were coexpressed. In addition, substantial cointernaliza- tion of (cid:1) 2C AR in response to (cid:2) AR agonists was observed when (cid:1) 2C AR was coexpressed with (cid:2) 2 AR. These data reveal that (cid:1) 2C AR can interact with (cid:2) 2 AR in cells in a manner that regulates (cid:1) 2C AR surface expression, internalization, and functionality. for [ 3 H]dihydroalprenolol (DHA) ( (cid:2) 2 AR antagonist) or [ 3 H]rauwolscine ( (cid:1) 2C AR antagonist) was assessed in saturation binding assays using six concentrations of [ 3 H]DHA or [ 3 H]rauwol-scine. The membrane preparation was incubated with [ 3 H]DHA or [ 3 H]rauwolscine for 30 min at 22°C. The reaction was stopped by filtration through Whatman GF/C glass fiber filters (Whatman Schleicher and Schuell, Keene, NH) on a Brandel cell harvester (Brandel Inc., Gaithersburg, MD). The amount of 3 H ligand present was determined by liquid scintillation counting. Nonspecific binding was defined using 10 mM propranolol for (cid:2) 2 AR or 10 mM norepinephrine or RX 821002 (2-methoxyidazoxan) for (cid:1) 2C AR. Nonlinear regression analyses of saturation binding assays and statistical com-parisons were performed with Prism (GraphPad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA).
Master Degree Project in Accounting and Financial Management Core Focusing Strategy and Share Price Reactions

This study investigates the short-term shareholder reactions of announced spin-offs in northern Europe. Spin-offs conducted in order to increase core focus of the parent, and spin-offs not conducted for this reason, are distinguished and separately analyzed. Moreover, two research questions are developed with the aim of firstly investigating how announcements affect the short-term wealth of shareholders, and secondly, what potential effect increased industrial focus has on shareholder reactions from spin-offs. By analyzing spin-offs that are announced between 2004 and 2019, significant abnormal returns are found for announcements of spin-offs. When separating the full sample into sub-samples of core focusing spin-offs and non core focusing spin-offs, this study finds that the former results in larger and significant abnormal returns in contrast to the latter which results in insignificant abnormal returns. The difference between these two sub-samples is not significantly different from zero. Furthermore, the evidence of the conducted research shows that specialization does not play an evident role in the emergence of the abnormal returns. Practical implications include that companies which have decided to spin off an entity can expect a short-term positive value effect from shareholders, but not necessarily due to the impact of a potential rationale of focusing on the company’s core business.
Clinical Presentation, and Haematological Parameters and their Association with Outcome in Patients with Ebola Virus Disease: An observational Cohort Study

32 Background 33 Clinical management of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) remains challenging. Routine laboratory analytics are 34 often unavailable in the outbreak setting, and few data exist on the associated haematological and 35 biochemical abnormalities. We present laboratory and clinical data from the Kerry Town Ebola Treatment 36 Centre in Sierra Leone to better inform clinical management algorithms, improve understanding of key 37 variables associated with outcome and provide insight into the pathophysiology of EVD. 38 Clinical care targeting hypovolaemia, electrolyte
Labour Standards in the Global Supply Chain; Village Fund and Labour Working Hours in Indonesia

- In the recent years, fashion brands and retailers in the West have introduced supplier’s codes of conduct to strengthen international labour standards in their supply chain. Village funds have been allocated since 2015, and increase overtime. In 2015, the allocation of village funds amounting to Rp.28. 8 trillion increased to reach Rp60 trillion in 2018. Village funds were used to finance government administration, implementation of development, community development, and community empowerment. This research uses the difference-in-difference (DID) which is adapted to continuous treatment method to analyze the impact of village funds on the work of rural communities. The analysis uses "repeated" cross section data from SUSENAS 2012-2017. We found that an increase in village fund per capita was more likely to raise the labor hours in agriculture and service industries, primarily on non-Java islands. The recommendation of this study is the need for regulation to standardize the proportion of village funds allocation based on the demographic (or number of poor people) and geographical (land area) conditions of the regions. Moreover, increasing the effectiveness of organizational management can be implemented by increasing the capacity of village officials.
Rootstock E ﬀ ects on Yield and Some Consumer Important Fruit Quality Parameters of Eggplant cv. ‘Madonna’ under Protected Cultivation

: This study aimed to investigate the e ﬀ ect of di ﬀ erent rootstocks on the yield and quality of eggplant cv. ‘Madonna’ in soilless pot culture in an unheated polyethylene greenhouse. The eggplant was grafted onto several rootstocks, including tomato rootstocks Optifort (O) and Emperador (E), and four Solanum rootstocks; Solanum grandiﬂorum × Solanum melongena (SH), Solanum torvum (ST), Solanum melongena × Solanum integrifolium (SI), and Solanum integrifolium (A) compared with self-grafted (SG) and self-rooted (SR) as control. The results showed that the total marketable yield signiﬁcantly increased by grafting onto ST (3.94 kg / plant), SH (3.36 kg / plant), and A (3.34 kg / plant) relative to SR (1.65 kg / plant). The chromatics characters of skin and pulp are slightly inﬂuenced by rootstocks. Our ﬁndings conﬁrmed that grafting eggplant decreased ﬁrmness (except SH) of the ﬂesh. Fruit harvested from the Optifort / Madonna combination had the rounded shape, lowest ﬁrmness, and Brix value, while the lowest oxidation potential was observed in this combination. The highest seed number was observed in SH / Madonna and SI / Madonna combinations. During the sensory evaluation, the lightest fruit ﬂesh was found in SR, ST, and O, and the sweetest taste was observed in fruits harvested from ST rootstock. based on completely randomized design (CRD) to understand the e ﬀ ect of di ﬀ erent rootstocks suitable for eggplant grafting, including Solanum grandiﬂorum × Solanum melongena (SH), Solanum torvum (ST), Solanum melongena × Solanum integrifolium (SI), and Solanum integrifolium (A) and tomato rootstocks ( Solanum lycopersicum ), including cv. ‘Optifort’ (O) and cv. ‘Emperador’ (E). self-grafted (SG) cv. ‘Madonna’ and self-rooted (SR) plants, as control, were used with four replications and ﬁve plants in each replication.
Original Linking spatial stock dynamics and economics: evaluation of indicators and ﬁshery management for the travelling eastern king prawn ( Melicertus plebejus )

of model-based and data-based reference points and management strategy evaluation. The ﬁshery is notable for the northward movement of prawns in eastern Australian waters, from the State jurisdiction of New South Wales to that of Queensland, as they grow to spawning size, so thatvesselsﬁshing in the northern deeper waters harvest morelarge prawns. Bioeconomic ﬁshing datawerestandardized for calibrating a length-structured spatial operating model. Model simulations identiﬁed that reduced boat numbers and ﬁshing effort could improveproﬁtability while retaining viable ﬁshingin eachjurisdiction. Simulationsalsoidentiﬁed catch rate levelsthatwereeffective formonitoringinsimplewithin-yeareffort-controlrules.However,favourableperformanceofcatchrateindicatorswasachievedonlywhen ameaningfulupperlimit wasplacedon totalallowedﬁshing effort. Themethodsandﬁndingswill allowimprovedmeasuresfor monitoring ﬁsheries and inform decision makers on the uncertainty and assumptions affecting economic indicators.
Animal Health Research Institute, Assiut Lab

ددع ىلع ةساردلا هذه تيرجأ 50 ةريغصلا عرازملا فلتخم نم ايئاوشع اهرايتخإ مت ةبلاح ةرقب ددع عيمجت مت ثيح طويسأ ةنيدمب 180 لاوا ايلمعم اهصحفل كلذو راقبلأا هذه نم نبل ةنيع رابتخلإا اذهل ىباجيلإا صحف مث ىفخلا عرضلا باهتلاب اهنم باصملا ديدحتل اينروفيلاكلارابتخإب ةببسملا تابوركيملا فينصتو لزعل ايجولويرتكب . نا دجو دقو 58 تناك تانيعلا هذه نم ةنيع ةبسنب اينروفيلاكلا رابتخلإ ةيباجيا 32.2 % ةيباجيإ اهنأ دجو ايجولويرتكب تانيعلا هذه صحفب مث ، ةبسنلا سفنب 32.2 . % ددع لزع مت دقو اذه 102 ةيريتكبلا تاببسملا نم نيتعومجم لثمت ةرتع ددع لثمتو ةوارضلا ةيلاع ىلولأا 75 ةبسنب ةرتع 73.5 % تابوركيم لثمتف ةيناثلا ةعومجملا امأ ىئيبلا ثولتلا 27 ةبسنب ةرتع 26.5 % نم ةيضرملا تابوركيملا نم ةرتع نم رثكأ لزع مت دقو ، ددع نم ةدحاولا ةنيعلا 28 ةبسنب نبل ةنيع 48.3 . % ةوارضلا ةيلاع ةلوزعملا تارتعلا تلثمتو ةبسنب ىبهذلا ىدوقنعلا بوركيملا لزع ىف 29.4 % ةبسنب طلجتلل بلاسلا ىدوقنعلا بوركيملاو 39.3 % ةبسنب ايتكلاجا ىحبسلا بوركيملاو ، 4.9 . % ىف تلثمت دقف ىئيبلا ثولتلا تابوركيم امأ ىنولوقلا بوركيملا 9.8 % ةبسنب سيريس سليسابلاو لايسبيلكلاو ساكوكوريتنلااو ، 7.8 % ، 1.9 % ، 6.9 % ىلاوتلا ىلع . رايتخلا ةلوزعملا تارتعلا هذهل ةيساسح رابتخا لمع مت دقو ةيداصتقلااو ةيحصلاو ةيئابولا ةيمهلأا ثحبلا شقان كلذك ، جلاعلا ىف بسنلأا ةيويحلا تاداضملا نيب ضرملا راشتنإ عنمل اهعابتا بجاولا تاءارجلإاو راقبلاا ىف ىفخلا عرضلا باهتلا ضرمل ةعرزملا تاناويح . باهتلإ تلااح ىف نبللا تانيتوربل ىبرهكلا لصفلا للاخ نم ظحول امك ىفو نبللا لصم ىف ىلكلا نيتوربلا ىوتسم ىف ىئاصحإ ىونعم عافترإ راقبلأا ىف ىفخلا عرضلا ىونعم صقن نيمويبلأ وتكلا اتيبلاو افللأا نم لك دهش امنيب نبللاب نيمويبللأاو ةيعانملا ماسجلأا افللأا نم لاك ىف ىئاصحإ ىونعم ضافخنا اضيأ ىفخلا عرضلا باهتللإا تلااح بحاص امك داح نيزاكابكلاو نيزاكاتيبلاو نيزاك .
A Comparison of the Analgesic E cacy of Serratus Anterior Plane Block Vs Paravertebral Nerve Block for Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Yi Zhang China Medical University First Hospital Ze Fu China Medical University First Hospital Te Fang China Medical University First Hospital Kexin Wang China Medical University First Hospital Zimeng Liu China Medical University First Hospital Hongqing Li China Medical University First Hospital Wenwen Jiang China Medical University First Hospital Xuezhao Cao (  xuezhaocao2011@163.com ) First Hospital of China Medical University
age of probands and endophenotypic differences from unaffected siblings.

We evaluated the discrepancy of endophenotypic performance between probands with schizophrenia and unaffected siblings by paternal age at proband birth, a possible marker for de novo mutations. Pairs of schizophrenia probands and unaffected siblings ( N ¼ 220 pairs) were evaluated on 11 neuropsycho- logical or neurophysiological endophenotypes previously identi ﬁ ed as heritable. For each endophenotype, the sibling-minus-proband differences were transformed to standardized scores. Then for each pair, the average discrepancy was calculated from its standardized scores. We tested the hypothesis that the discrepancy is associated with paternal age, controlling for the number of endophenotypes shared between proband and his or her sibling, and proband age, which were both associated with paternal age. The non-signi ﬁ cant association between the discrepancy and paternal age was in the opposite direction from the hypothesis. Of the 11 endophenotypes only sensori-motor dexterity was signi ﬁ cant, but in the opposite direction. Eight other endophenotypes were also in the opposite direction, but not signi ﬁ cant. The results did not support the hypothesized association of increased differences between sibling/ proband pairs with greater paternal age. A possible explanation is that the identi ﬁ cation of heritable endophenotypes was based on samples for which schizophrenia was attributable to inherited rather than de novo/non-inherited causes. vs. simplex family status. Of these, we included the variables that were signi ﬁ cantly associated with average discrepancy in sibling/proband pairs for the shared endophenotypes. We did not consider proband's years of education, since it may be substantially associated with age at onset and the course of the disorder. An additional analysis evaluated the quadratic model for proband's paternal age, by testing the quadratic component.
rapid communication Circadian rhythms in the chemoreﬂex control of breathing

Circadian rhythms in the chemoreﬂex control of breathing. Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 278: R282–R286, 2000. —Mechanisms under-lying the circadian rhythm in lung ventilation were investi-gated. Ten healthy male subjects were studied for 36 h using a constant routine protocol to minimize potentially confound-ing variables. Laboratory light, humidity, and temperature remained constant, subjects did not sleep, and their meals and activities were held to a strict schedule. Respiratory chemoreﬂex responses were measured every 3 h using an iso-oxic rebreathing technique incorporating prior hyperven-tilation. Subjects exhibited circadian rhythms in oral temperature and respiratory chemoreﬂex responses, but not in metabolic rate. Basal ventilation [i.e., at subthreshold end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (P ET CO 2 )] did not vary with time of day, but the ventilatory response to suprathreshold P ET CO 2 exhibited a rhythm amplitude of , 25%, mediated mainly by circadian variations in the CO 2 threshold for tidal volume. We conclude that the circadian rhythm in lung ventilation is not a simple consequence of circadian variations in arousal state and metabolic rate. By raising the chemoreﬂex threshold, the circadian timing system may increase the propensity for respiratory instability at night.
Postthyroidectomy Hypocalcemia

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if bilateral inferior thyroid artery (ITA) ligation is a causal factor for the occurrence of postoperative hypocalcaemia after subtotal thyroidectomy. Study design: Quasi experimental trial. Place and duration of study: One year study from Jan 2005 to Dec 2005 conducted at surgical department of Rawalpindi General Hospital (UNIT–I). Patients and Methods: One hundred patients were included in the study who underwent subtotal thyroidectomy with and without truncal ligation of inferior thyroid artery and were prospectively analyzed comparing postoperative and late serum calcium levels. Result: A significant incidence of postoperative hypocalcaemia occurred: more in Group A (48%) as compared to Group B (22%). This difference was statistically significant shown by the P value < 0.5 on the 1st postoperative day in patients with ligation of inferior thyroid artery. Conclusion: The ligation of the ITA tends to produce hypocalcaemia in patients undergoing subtotal Thyroidectomy.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Transverse-leaky-mode Characteristics of ARROW VCSELs

— Transverse-leaky-mode characteristics of antires- onant-reflecting-optical-waveguide (ARROW) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are studied. It is found that the suppression of high-order transverse leaky modes in ARROW VCSELs can be deteriorated by the influence of spatial hole burning and thermal lensing effects. On the other hand, a new design rule is proposed to deduce the optimum dimensions of ARROW so that the suppression of high-order transverse leaky modes can be enhanced. Furthermore, the turn-on transient response of ARROW VCSELs is investigated. It is found that the radiation loss has significant influence on the built-up time of the first-order transverse leaky mode.
Mechanism of Inhibition of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase by ( (cid:50) )- (cid:98) - L -2 (cid:57) ,3 (cid:57) -Dideoxy-3 (cid:57) -Thiacytidine

We have used the endogenous reverse transcriptase reaction of viral core particles from duck liver to elucidate the mechanism of inhibition of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) replication by the nucleoside analog ( (cid:50) )- (cid:98) - L -2 (cid:42) ,3 (cid:42) -dideoxy-3 (cid:42) -thiacytidine (3TC). As is the case in human immunodeﬁciency virus replication, 3TC–5 (cid:42) -triphosphate (3TC-TP) acts as a chain terminator for the DNA polymerase activities. The results of several different experiments support this conclusion, which explains the potent activity of 3TC against the hepadnaviruses. In isolated DHBV core particles, 3TC-TP inhibited the reverse transcriptase in a manner that resembled competitive inhibition with respect to dCTP. However, the kinetics of inhibition was not linear on a double-reciprocal plot for the highest concentrations of 3TC-TP and the lowest concentration of dCTP. This anomaly would be expected if binding to the nucleotide site was followed by DNA chain termination. Calcu- lations that used only the linear part of the curve yielded a K i of 0.78 (cid:54) 0.10 (cid:109) M 3TC-TP. The inhibition of
Brain-Mimetic 3D Culture Platforms for Investigating Cooperative Effects of 1 Extracellular Matrix Features on Therapeutic Resistance in Glioblastoma 2

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain cancer with poor prognosis. GBM tumors exhibit potentially actionable genetic alterations against which targeted therapies 37 have proven successful in treatment of other cancers. However, the same treatments 38 have largely failed in GBM patients. A notable example is pharmacological inhibition of 39 epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), for which clinical efficacy has been poor 40 despite overexpression and/or mutation of EGFR in over 50% of GBM tumors. The lack 41 of clinical translation may be attributed to the fact that conventional preclinical models 42 (e.g., cell culture and heterotypic xenografts) fail to account for interactions of GBM cells 43 with the unique brain extracellular matrix (ECM) – enriched in hyaluronic acid (HA) and 44 relatively soft – which may facilitate drug resistance. Here, we present a biomaterial 45 platform providing a brain-mimetic, artificial ECM for 3D-cultured, patient-derived GBM 46 cells as an experimental model with improved physiological accuracy. Compared to 47 orthotopic xenografts, biomaterial cultures better preserved physiology and kinetics of 48 acquired resistance to the EGFR inhibition than gliomasphere cultures. Orthogonal 49 modulation of both HA content and mechanical properties of biomaterial scaffolds was 50 required to achieve this result. Furthermore, interactions between GBM cell receptors 51 and scaffold components significantly contributed to resistance to the cytotoxic effects 52 of EGFR inhibition. 53