Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing and Testing a Blended Wing Body with Boundary-Layer Ingestion Nacelles

A knowledge-based aerodynamic design method coupled with an unstructured grid Navier-Stokes flow solver was used to improve the propulsion/airframe integration for a Blended Wing Body with boundary-layer ingestion nacelles. A new zonal design capability was used that significantly reduced the time required to achieve a successful design for each nacelle and the elevon between them. A wind tunnel model was built with interchangeable parts reflecting the baseline and redesigned configurations and tested in the National Transonic Facility (NTF). Most of the testing was done at the cruise design conditions (Mach number = 0.85, Reynolds number = 75 million). In general, the predicted improvements in forces and moments as well as the changes in wing pressures between the baseline and redesign were confirmed by the wind tunnel results. The effectiveness of elevons between the nacelles was also predicted surprisingly well considering the crudeness in the modeling of the control surfaces in the flow code.
Why Did the Investment–Cash Flow Sensitivity Decline over Time?

Abstract We propose an explanation for why corporate investment used to be sensitive to cash flow and why the sensitivity declined over time. The sensitivity stems from the informational role of cash flow in inferring the productivity of tangible capital in the old economy. Over time, however, more new-economy firms enter the market. These firms have reduced tangible capital productivity and reduced cash-flow predictability, which drives the decline in the average investment–cash flow sensitivity. Theoretical and empirical analyses support this explanation.
Facile hydrothermal method to prepare graphene quantum dots from graphene oxide with different photoluminescences

A simple technique to prepare graphene quantum dots (GQDs) by the hydrothermal reaction of graphene oxide (GO) sheets with hydrogen peroxide is presented. Complete removal of the hydrogen peroxide after reaction was achieved by catalytic dialysis with manganese oxide. By varying the reaction time, the particle sizes of GQDs could be controlled, leading to variations in the photoluminescence. The prepared GQDs produced stable green and blue photoluminescence. The nanostructure of the prepared GQDs was characterized and discussed in relation to its preparation procedures and behaviours of photoluminescence. The mechanism of the reaction was also discussed.
Weighted inequalities for singular integral operators on the half-line

We prove weighted estimates for singular integral operators which operate on function spaces on a half-line. The class of admissible weights includes Muckenhoupt weights and weights satisfying Sawyer's one-sided conditions. The kernels of the operators satisfy relaxed Dini conditions. We apply the weighted estimates to extrapolation of maximal $L^p$ regularity of first order, second order and fractional order Cauchy problems into weighted rearrangement invariant Banach function spaces. In particular, we provide extensions, as well as a unification of recent results due to Auscher and Axelsson, and Chill and Fiorenza.
Organizing Global Supply Chains: Input Cost Shares and Vertical Integration

We study whether and how the technological importance of an input – measured by its cost share – is related to the decision of whether to “make” or “buy” that input. Using detailed French international trade data and an instrumental variable approach based on self-constructed IO tables, we show that French multinationals vertically integrate those inputs that have high cost shares. A stylized incomplete contracting model with both ex ante and ex post inefficiencies explains why: technologically more important inputs are “made” when transaction cost economics type forces (TCE; favoring integration) overpower property rights type forces (PRT; favoring outsourcing). Additional results related to the contracting environment and headquarters intensity consistent with our theoretical framework show that both TCE and PRT type forces are needed to fully explain the empirical patterns in the data.
Prediction of Soil Moisture-Holding Capacity with Support Vector Machines in Dry Subhumid Tropics

Soil moisture-holding capacity data are required in modelling agrohydrological functions of dry subhumid environments for sustainable crop yields. However, they are hardly sufficient and costly to measure. Mathematical models called pedotransfer functions (PTFs) that use soil physicochemical properties as inputs to estimate soil moisture-holding capacity are an attractive alternative but limited by specificity to pedoenvironments and regression methods. This study explored the support vector machines method in the development of PTFs (SVR-PTFs) for dry subhumid tropics. Comparison with the multiple linear regression method (MLR-PTFs) was done using a soil dataset containing 296 samples of measured moisture content and soil physicochemical properties. Developed SVR-PTFs have a tendency to underestimate moisture content with the root-mean-square error between 0.037 and 0.042 cm3·cm−3 and coefficients of determination (R2) between 56.2% and 67.9%. The SVR-PTFs were marginally better than MLR-PTFs and had better accuracy than published SVR-PTFs. It is held that the adoption of the linear kernel in the calibration process of SVR-PTFs influenced their performance.
Synthesis of [ 13 C 3 ]-B 6 Vitamers Labelled at Three Consecutive Positions Starting from [ 13 C 3 ]-Propionic Acid

[C3]-labelled vitamers (PN, PL and PM) of the B6 group were prepared starting from [C3]-propionic acid. [C3]-PN was synthesized in ten linear steps with an overall yield of 17%. Hereby, higher alkyl homologues of involved esters showed a positive impact on the reaction outcome of the intermediates in the chosen synthetic route. Oxidation of [C3]-PN to [C3]-PL was undertaken using potassium permanganate and methylamine followed by acid hydrolysis of the imine derivative. [C3]-PM could be prepared from the oxime derivative of [C3]-PN by hydrogenation with palladium.
Land-Use After Mine Closure — Risk Assessment of Gold and Uranium Mine Residue Deposits on the Eastern Witwatersrand, South Africa

Elements from gold and uranium-bearing outcrops and mine residue deposits (MRDs) on the Witwatersrand are transported into the surrounding environment through the action of wind and water. The concentrations of some consequently become enriched relative to their average crustal abundances. The aim of this study was to provide a gold mining company (AngloGold Ashanti Ltd.), the provincial environmental regulator (Gauteng Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Environment - GDACE) and the local Municipality (Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality - EMM) with a simple decision-support tool to aid in prioritizing MRDs for mitigation and reaching agreement on safe and sustainable end land-uses. We used a numerical rating scheme for a risk assessment, which combined a number of parameters in two separate stages to calculate a risk index. The first stage involved the classification of hazards associated with MRDs while the second involved an assessment of receptor vulnerability. Selecting the EMM (1923 km2) as a study site, we combined historical aerial photographs (1938 to 2003) with geographical and multi-spectral data in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The multi-spectral data were acquired in 2002 and 2003 by the TERRA satellite’s Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor. Thematic images for five mineral signatures that we considered indicators of different routes of contaminant transport were derived from the ASTER data. We identified and classified MRDs according to type, status or footprint type, and then subjectively identified the hazards to land-use based on a scientific literature survey. We selected acid rock drainage and dust as the major hazards and then utilized the findings expressed in the literature survey to assign ratings for the different classes of MRDs. For the vulnerability assessment, we identified proximity of MRDs to dolomites, watercourses, agricultural land and dwellings as critical, based on a combination of literature review, historical aerial photographs (which also allowed old sidewall failures to be mapped), and remote sensing of the mineral signatures (indicating potential contamination of surrounding land). Based on this approach, of the 287 MRDs identified, we classified 50% as being of lower-risk; 40% as of medium-risk; 10% of higher risk and 0% as of very high risk. All 30 of the higher-risk sites were slimes dams. The results of this exercise can be used to support the selection of sites for quantitative risk-assessment, and to focus resources on the higher-risk sites for mitigation or remedial measures.
Determinants of Intention to Use Siskeudes: Extended of Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior Model

This study aims to examine factors that influence interest in using the village fund information system (SISKEUDES) by using extended Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior Model. The respondents are 301 SISKEUDES operators in the Banyumas District. The hypotheses testing uses Partial Least Square (PLS). The result shows that attitude, subjective norms, perception of behavior control, and perceived human resource quality influence the intention to use SISKEUDES. This study demonstrates the appropriateness of the extended Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior Model in explaining the acceptance of a mandatory system. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat dalam menggunakan sistem informasi dana desa (SISKEUDES) dengan menggunakan extended Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior Model. Responden adalah 301 operator SISKEUDES di Kabupaten Banyumas. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap, norma subyektif, persepsi kontrol perilaku, dan persepsi kualitas sumber daya manusia memengaruhi niat untuk menggunakan SISKEUDES. Studi ini menunjukkan kesesuaian extended Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior Model dalam menjelaskan penerimaan sistem yang bersifat wajib.
Full-System Simulation of Mobile CPU/GPU Platforms

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) critically rely on a complex system software stack comprising kernel- and user-space drivers and Just-in-time (JIT) compilers. Yet, existing GPU simulators typically abstract away details of the software stack and GPU instruction set. Partly, this is because GPU vendors rarely release sufficient information about their latest GPU products. However, this is also due to the lack of an integrated CPU/GPU simulation framework, which is complete and powerful enough to drive the complex GPU software environment. This has led to a situation where research on GPU architectures and compilers is largely based on outdated or greatly simplified architectures and software stacks, undermining the validity of the generated results. In this paper we develop a full-system system simulation environment for a mobile platform, which enables users to run a complete and unmodified software stack for a state-of-the-art mobile Arm CPU and Mali-G71 GPU powered device. We validate our simulator against a hardware implementation and Arm's stand-alone GPU simulator, achieving 100% architectural accuracy across all available toolchains. We demonstrate the capability of our GPU simulation framework by optimizing an advanced Computer Vision application using simulated statistics unavailable with other simulation approaches or physical GPU implementations. We demonstrate that performance optimizations for desktop GPUs trigger bottlenecks on mobile GPUs, and show the importance of efficient memory use.
A Clinical Study on Management of Unstable Dorsolumbar Spine Injuries with Transpedicular Screw and Rod Fixation in our Institute

Background: Dorsolumbar trauma is the most common cause of paraparesis or paraplegia. Optimal goals of the management include establishment of a painless, balanced and stable spinal column with vertebral fusion. Material & method: we reviewed various types of fractures of dorsolumbar spine, their management and outcome in a prospective study of 42 cases of dorsolumbar trauma managed surgically at our centre (October 2016 – December 2018). All patients underwent complete neurological examination, CT and MR imaging of the spine. Study design & settings: prospective observational study in a tertiary care centre from 2016-2018. Results: most common mode of injury was fall from height (70%). Majority of the patients belonged to frankel grade a (70%). All patients were operated using posterior approach. There was deterioration in neurological status in one patients while 4 patients had improvement. Average local kyphotic angle preoperatively was 22 degree . average local kyphosis angle postoperatively was 6 degree. Average local kyphosis angle at final follow up was 8 degree range from 0-13 degree with loss of kyphosis angle was 2 degree. Conclusion: we conclude that fall from height is the most common cause of dorsolumbar fracture with majority affected belonging to young population and had significant deficits, thus causing significant burden on the society. Prompt surgical management is safe and helps in early mobilization and rehabilitation, thus facilitating possible neurological recovery and achieving an improved quality of life.
Use of Exercise and Structure during Rainbow Trout Rearing

A combination of two forms of environmental enrichment (in-tank structure and exercise) was evaluated during the hatchery rearing of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The study used four treatments: 1) neither exercise nor structure, 2) exercise without structure, 3) structure without exercise, and 4) both exercise and structure. Velocities in the unexercised tanks were a constant 12.2 cm-s-1. Velocities in the exercised tanks alternated weekly with one week at 12.2 cm-s-1 followed by a week at 30.5 cm-s-1. Structural enrichment consisted of an array of vertically-suspended aluminum angles. The use of either environmental enrichment technique significantly improved final tank weight, gain, percent gain, and specific growth rate. Feed conversion ratio was significantly and positively influenced only by structure, but fish on the exercise routine were overfed. There were no significant interactions between exercise and structure, indicating that each form of environmental enrichment operates independently. The results of this study indicate fish rearing performance can be improved with the addition of either vertically-suspended aluminum angles or an exercise routine, but the combination of the two techniques may not be needed to improve rainbow trout growth.
Testing Western Media Icons Influence on Arab Women’s Body Size and Shape Ideals: An Experimental Approach

Western media globalization is implicated in the spread of the thin body ideal to traditional societies. Qatar—a small conservative Middle-Eastern country—has recently witnessed rapid Westernization, but the influence of Western media icons on women’s body image dissatisfaction has rarely been studied here. A 2 (celebrity or model) × 3 (thin, average, or heavy) plus a control condition between-subject experiment tested the primary hypothesis that exposure to images of thin Western models or celebrities promotes a thinner body ideal compared to neutral images. A sample of young women (n = 1145) was randomly assigned to experimental images as part of an online survey. After exposure to images, participants rated their current and desired body size and shape, reported celebrity liking, and evaluated their favorite celebrity’s body. We found little support for the desire of thinness. Viewing thin- and average-sized celebrities was significantly associated with desiring a heavier and a thinner look (respectively) among those favoring thin celebrities. Images of thin models induced the desire for a curvaceous body figure with hips especially among those favoring celebrities with hips. The findings highlight important nuances in the influence of Western media icons on body image among women in a non-Western culture.
Paired 14C and 230Th/U Dating of Surface Corals from the Marquesas and Vanuatu (Sub-Equatorial Pacific) in the 3000 to 15,000 Cal Yr Interval

Paired radiocarbon and 230Th/U dating was performed on 13 surface corals from submerged reefs in the Marquesas and from raised terraces in Vanuatu. The absolute ages of the corals analyzed ranged from 3000 to 15,000 cal yr. Estimates of the difference between the absolute and 14C ages of these corals are in agreement with previous determinations up until 11,500 cal yr. The resulting mean sea surface reservoir age R is determined at 390 ± 60 yr for the Marquesas region (9°S), which is slightly higher than the R value at 280 ± 50 yr for the Tahiti Islands (18°S). Multiple 14C analyses of 2 corals from the Marquesas present scattered 14C ages at ~12,000 and ~15,100 cal yr. This could be attributed to rapid changes of the 14C content of surface waters around the Marquesas Islands or to a subtle submarine diagenesis.
Cholecystokinin Type-A Receptor in Gall Bladder Lesions : A Correlative Study

Carcinoma gallbladder is one of the most common malignancies of gastrointestinal tract. It is highly aggressive and incurable disease representing most common malignancy of biliary tract with a three folds higher incidence in females. Gall bladder cancer shows striking geographical predilections in its incidence, with highest figures found in India and Chile and relatively low level in many western countries. Regulatory peptide receptors have attracted interest of oncologists as a new promising approach for cancer pathology, imaging and therapy. Although cholecystokinin (CCK) is a potent modulator of gallbladder contractility and plays a potential role in pancreatic carcinogenesis through CCK type-A receptor (CCKAR), its role in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is still unknown and immunohistochemical detection of CCKAR in the gallbladder has not yet been reported. The aim is to investigate the expression profile of CCKAR in GBC and Chronic cholecystitis. This case-control study included 100 samples: 50 from GBC and 50 from Chronic cholecystitis. Expression of CCKAR was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The results were statistically correlated with disease history including age, sex and differentiation. CCKAR was positive in 21/50 (42.0%) of chronic cholecystitis and 38/50 (76.0%) of GBC samples. 21 of the 38 (55.3%) CCKAR-positive GBC samples showed strong expression. There was a significant difference in CCKAR expression between chronic cholecystitis and GBC. CCKAR expression was significantly increased in GBC compared to chronic cholecystitis. Moreover, CCKAR expression was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation, i.e., less expression in poorlydifferentiated tumors. So, it has future prognostic and therapeutic implications in the management of GBC.
Volume estimate about shrinkers

We derive a precise estimate on the volume growth of the level set of a potential function on a complete noncompact Riemannian manifold. As applications, we obtain the volume growth rate of a complete noncompact self-shrinker and a gradient shrinking Ricci soliton. We also prove the equivalence of weighted volume finiteness, polynomial volume growth and properness of an immersed self-shrinker in Euclidean space.
Country of Women? Repercussions of the Triple Alliance War in Paraguay

Skewed sex ratios often result from conflict, disease, and migration, yet their long term impact remains less understood. The War of the Triple Alliance (1864-1870) in South America killed up to 70% of the Paraguayan male population. According to Paraguayan national lore, the skewed sex ratios resulting from the confliict are the cause of present-day low marriage rates, high rates of out-of-wedlock births and a generally male chauvinist culture. We collate historical and modern data to test this conventional wisdom in the short and the long run. We examine both cross-border and within-country variation in child-rearing, education and labor force participation in Paraguay over a 150 year period. We find that more skewed post-war sex ratios are associated with higher out-of-wedlock births, more female-headed households, and better female educational outcomes, even after the first returned to normal. Cross-country comparisons suggest that Paraguayan women are less likely to be employed than those in neighboring districts in Argentina and Brazil, but that within Paraguay, they are more likely to be employed where the sex ratio shock was more severe. The impacts of the war persist into the present, and are seemingly unaffected by variation in economic openness, uncertainty, or traditional norms.
Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Patients with COVID-19; Report of Three Cases

COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease, which has challenged people all around the world. As of today, healthcare practitioners and researchers have made great effort to understand the characteristics and clinical presentations of the disease; however, the existing literature is still incomplete in this regard. A growing body of evidence indicates that coagulopathies and thromboembolic events are of utmost importance in COVID-19 patients and are related to poor prognosis. Here, we report three ICU admitted cases of COVID-19, in which massive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) occurred a few days after disease onset. Unfortunately, one of the patients did not survive and two were treated; one with thrombectomy and other with antithrombotic agents. It seems that severe cases of COVID-19 are at risk for developing PTE and in-charge physicians should be prepared and plan for anticoagulant prophylaxis using low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).
Working Memory in Older Adults. Processing of Complex Syntactic Structures in Speakers of Rioplatense Spanish

Fifty-four adults (27 over 60 and 27 young people) were exposed to complex sentences with temporal syntactic ambiguity in an online self-administered reading time task. Chronometric measures of reading times were taken and the degree of understanding of yes-no questions related to stimulus sentences was assessed. In addition, in order to assess whether older adults are sensitive to factors that may alter the demand for memory resources required for orational processing during reading, frequency of use, size and shape of words present in stimulus sentences were monitored, among other things. Older adults had lower working memory scores than young people in standardized tests conducted prior to the experiment. The hypothesis was that a decrease in overall working memory capabilities in older adults does not affect the level of syntactic processing. The results indicated that there were no significant group differences in reading times, although the older ones were less accurate in the yes-no questions. These results suggest that the memory resources needed to extract the orational meaning are preserved in the majors and that they were also sensitive to factors that reduce the processing cost. In the meantime, resources required to make use of these orational meanings, such as answering yesno questions, would be affected by the ageing factor, but not exclusively. In sum, in line with current assumptions about the structure of working memory, the results point to the existence of highly specialized internal modules, one specific responsible for syntactic computation, and another linked to lexical-semantic information whose functioning becomes unstable over time.