Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quartzite procurement, not only in fluvial deposits: raw material characterisation of the lithic assemblage from Level XXII-R at El Esquilleu, Cantabrian Region, Spain.

The consideration of quartzite as a secondary raw material has relegated in-depth research of this raw material in favour of such other rocks as flint or obsidian. The latter two are the most researched raw materials because of the information derived from their study: long-distance transport of rocks and mobility of people. In contrast, information obtained from research into quartzite generally supported near-site procurement areas mainly related to secondary river deposits. Together with the wide range of rocks called quartzite by archaeologists, this has influenced the poverty of research on the second most-often used raw material during the Palaeolithic. To overcome this narrow perspective, it is necessary to put quartzite in the centre of the debate as a raw material, using an inductive proposal based on geoarchaeological methodologies. This issue is approached by the application of a geoarchaeological methodology that combines thin section analysis, stereomicroscope observation, and X-ray Fluorescence compositional analysis of the quartzite from Level-XXII-R at El Esquilleu. Potential areas where quartzite could be procured, especially river beaches, are also characterised here. The results show complex mechanisms of quartzite acquisition based on intensive and selective searching, not only in proximate river deposits, but also in more distant fluvial deposits and conglomerate formations. Finally, in combination with techno-typological criteria, complex mechanisms of exploitation are proposed. These depended on each quartzite type, which promoted not only lithological but also technological variability. All these data open new perspectives for the characterisation of the second best represented raw material in Europe, as well as for understanding acquisition mechanisms in fluvial deposits and conglomerate formations.
Taken by Storm

ABSTRACT Hurricane Katrina was one of the nation’s worst natural disasters. It also triggered one of the nation’s most intense market-based school reforms, in which almost all traditional public schools were turned into charter schools. We study the effects of these combined events on students who attended New Orleans public schools before and after the storm. Using matched difference-in-differences, we find that student test scores, high school graduation, college attendance, and college graduation all rose sharply. Most racial and income gaps in outcomes declined. The school reforms appear to have been the main mechanism.
Funding liquidity risk and asset risk of Indonesian Islamic rural banks

Abstract This study explores the influence of funding liquidity risk and several control variables on Islamic rural banks’ asset risk in Indonesia. Our study analyzes Islamic rural banks comprising 142 Islamic banks with quarterly data from 2013: Q1 to 2018: Q4. Panel regression is then employed. We divide Islamic banks related to their size and location for further analysis. Our results confirm the funding liquidity risk increase Islamic banks’ asset risk. Small Islamic banks encounter less asset risk than large Islamic banks, but large banks face a lower probability of bad financing than small Islamic banks. The influence of funding liquidity risk on asset risk is higher for Islamic banks in developed areas than in less developed areas. More interestingly, the results using an interaction term between funding liquidity risk and financial contracts show that Islamic banks providing profit-loss sharing contracts (PLS) and non-PLS face lower asset risk than those Islamic banks providing only non-PLS contracts. Results also highlight the importance of market power, size, financing, and efficiency in lowering asset risk. Our findings have two implications. First, policymakers can implement investment account product to reduce mismatch between liquidity risk and asset risk. Second, Islamic banks should provide both PLS and non-PLS contracts by optimizing both contracts to reduce Islamic banks’ risk assets.
A retrospective study of stainless steel crowns as a posterior permanent tooth restoration

Purpose: This retrospective cohort study assessed the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of the stainless steel crown (SSC) as a posterior permanent tooth restoration. Methods: Study included 271 patients registered at Mount Sinai Hospital’s Dentistry Clinic for Persons with Special Needs. A total of 2621 posterior restorations were documented: 766 SSCs, 1651 amalgams, and 204 composite resins. Radiographic analysis of SSCs included 127 bitewing, and 118 periapical films. Results: Ten year survival rate for new SSC and amalgam restorations was 79.2% and 63.5%, respectively. Ninety-one SSC failures included loose/lost SSCs (24) and chronic periodontal disease (25). Ninety-three percent of alveolar bone loss measurements from mesial and distal sites were <2mm and classified as healthy. All pre and post SSC PA’s had healthy periapical scores recorded over an average duration of 8.4 years. Conclusion: SSCs represent a cost-effective, durable and preferred treatment option for the restoration of the posterior permanent dentition.
Web-CAPI sequential mixed mode design in a longitudinal survey: effects on participation rates, sample composition and costs

Sequential mixed-mode surveys are often now used as an alternative to single-mode interviewer-administered designs, bringing benefits from each mode. We assess the effects of the introduction of a sequential web-CAPI mixed-mode design over three waves of a longitudinal survey in which members were previously interviewed by CAPI. Data come from a large-scale randomized experiment carried out on the Understanding Society Innovation Panel. No differences in cumulative response rates are found between the mixed mode design and CAPI design and only minimal differences are found in sample composition. Potential cost savings with mixed modes are evident.
Administration of Jerusalem artichoke reduces the postprandial plasma glucose and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) concentrations in humans

Background The consumption of Jerusalem artichoke has multiple beneficial effects against diabetes and obesity. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a single administration of Jerusalem artichoke tubers on postprandial glycemia and the concentrations of incretin hormones in humans. Method Grated Jerusalem artichoke was administered prior to a meal (Trial 1; white rice for prediabetic participants, n = 10). Dose-dependent effect of Jerusalem artichoke (Trial 2; white rice for prediabetic participants, n = 4) and effect prior to the fat-rich meal were also investigated (Trial 3; healthy participants, n = 5) in this pilot study. Circulating glucose, insulin, triglyceride, glucagon, active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and active glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) concentrations were subsequently measured in all the trials. Results Jerusalem artichoke significantly reduced the glucose and GIP concentrations after the consumption of either meal in Trial 1 and Trial 3, whereas there were no differences in the insulin, glucagon, and active GLP-1 concentrations. Also, there was no significant difference in the triglyceride concentration after the ingestion of the fat-rich meal in Trial 3. The glucose and GIP-lowering effects were dose-dependent, and the consumption of at least 100 g of Jerusalem artichoke was required to have these effects in Trial 2. Conclusion This study demonstrates that a single administration of Jerusalem artichoke tubers reduces postprandial glucose and active GIP concentrations in prediabetic and healthy individuals.
Comparison of Donkey, Pony, and Horse Dorsal Profiles and Head Shapes Using Geometric Morphometrics

Simple Summary With the increasing interest toward donkey breeding and equid welfare, the scales and methods of welfare assessment, which were successfully designed and validated for horses, are a starting point for the development of similar approaches for donkeys. As horses and donkeys are morphometrically different, the current study aimed to compare donkey, pony, and horse dorsal profiles and head shapes. Geometric morphometrics (GM) was applied to characterize the shapes and sizes of the studied equids based on the analysis of the photographs of 14 donkeys, 14 ponies, and 14 horses. The donkeys differed from ponies and horses in the shape of the dorsal profile and the head shape, but only from horses in the size of the evaluated centroids. Moreover, the ponies and horses differed in size but not in the shape of the investigated lines reflecting the posture and head contour. When both lines were compared, the GM distances (the Mahalanobis and Procrustes distances) were higher between donkeys and ponies and horses than between ponies and horses. GM revealed the differences in dorsal profiles and head shapes between equids, which should be considered when adapting scales and methods of welfare assessment from horses to donkeys. Abstract Since donkey breeding has increased due to their variety of uses, welfare evaluation has become more important. This study aimed to compare donkey, pony, and horse dorsal profiles and head shapes using geometric morphometrics (GM). Photographs of 14 donkeys, 14 ponies, and 14 horses were analyzed using GM, including the sliding semilandmarks method. The variations in the first three principal components (PCs) were PC1: 57.16%, PC2: 16.05%, and PC3: 8.31% for the dorsal profiles and PC1: 44.77%, PC2: 13.46%, and PC3: 7.66% for the head shapes. Both the dorsal profiles and head shapes differed between donkeys and horses (p < 0.0001) but not between donkeys and ponies (p > 0.05). Moreover, both the dorsal profiles and head shapes differed in size between ponies and horses (p < 0.0001) but not in shape (p > 0.05). Higher Mahalanobis and Procrustes distances were noted between donkeys and horses as well between donkeys and ponies than between ponies and horses. The use of geometric morphometrics revealed the differences in the dorsal profiles and head shapes between the studied equids. These differences should be taken into account when adapting welfare scales and methods from horses to donkeys.
Effect of Chemotherapy Cytarabine and Acute Myeloid Leukemia on the Development of Spermatogenesis at the Adult Age of Immature Treated Mice

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for around 20% of diagnosed childhood leukemia. Cytarabine (CYT) is involved in the AML treatment regimen. AML and CYT showed impairment in spermatogenesis in human and rodents in adulthood. We successfully developed an AML disease model in sexually immature mice. Monocytes and granulocytes were examined in all groups: untreated control, AML alone, CYT alone and AML+CYT (in combination). There was a significant increase in the counts of monocytes and granulocytes in the AML-treated immature mice (AML) compared to the control, and AML cells were demonstrated in the blood vessels of the testes. AML alone and CYT alone impaired the development of spermatogenesis at the adult age of the AML-treated immature mice. The damage was clear in the structure/histology of their seminiferous tubules, and an increase in the apoptotic cells of the seminiferous tubules was demonstrated. Our results demonstrated a significant decrease in the meiotic/post-meiotic cells compared to the control. However, CYT alone (but not AML) significantly increased the count of spermatogonial cells (premeiotic cells) that positively stained with SALL4 and PLZF per tubule compared to the control. Furthermore, AML significantly increased the count of proliferating spermatogonial cells that positively stained with PCNA in the seminiferous tubules compared to the control, whereas CYT significantly decreased the count compared to the control. Our result showed that AML and CYT affected the microenvironment/niche of the germ cells. AML significantly decreased the levels growth factors, such as SCF, GDNF and MCSF) compared to control, whereas CYT significantly increased the levels of MCSF and GDNF compared to control. In addition, AML significantly increased the RNA expression levels of testicular IL-6 (a proinflammatory cytokine), whereas CYT significantly decreased testicular IL-6 levels compared to the control group. Furthermore, AML alone and CYT alone significantly decreased RNA expression levels of testicular IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine) compared to the control group. Our results demonstrate that pediatric AML disease with or without CYT treatment impairs spermatogenesis at adult age (the impairment was more pronounced in AML+CYT) compared to control. Thus, we suggest that special care should be considered for children with AML who are treated with a CYT regimen regarding their future fertility at adult age.
Feeding Habits of Sarda chiliensis chiliensis (Cuvier, 1832) in Northern Chile and Southern Perú

Simple Summary Knowing the biology of fish, preferably for this study of trophic relationships, is fundamental to advance in the culture technologies of this species, since knowing what they feed on will allow us to generate a species-specific food for the species and thus be able to obtain a fast and efficient growth. The objective of this research was to analyze the feeding habits of South Pacific bonito by sex and season between summer and autumn in three locations in the South Pacific, using trophic biology techniques. A total of 1404 stomachs were analyzed, corresponding to 420 specimens from the Pozo de Lisas area, 540 specimens from the La Capilla area and 444 specimens from the Chanavayita area. Dynamic indexes of feeding analysis and trophic composition of the diet were used. Under the analysis carried out in this research, we can conclude that fish feed more during autumn; in addition, the prey hierarchy of this species was Pleuroncodes monodon and Engraulis ringes. That said, and in view of the results, it would be a generalist species. Abstract The trophic relationships of pelagic fishes with migratory traits such as the South Pacific Bonito, Sarda chiliensis chiliensis (Cuvier, 1832), have not been studied in depth in the past. The objective of the present research was to analyze the feeding habits of South Pacific Bonito by sex and to analyze a comparison between summer and autumn months in three different areas of the eastern South Pacific by applying different techniques used in trophic biology. Between December 2013 and June 2014, specimens were captured in the areas of Pozo de Lisas (Ilo, Peru), La Capilla (Arica, Chile) and Chanavayita (Iquique, Chile). The feeding dynamics and trophic composition of the diet were analyzed, as well as the feeding strategy and trophic relationships. A total of 1404 specimens were analyzed, of which 654 had stomach contents. Seven prey items were identified: (a) fish remains; (b) squid jaw remains; (c) squid gladius remains; (d) caudal fin remains; (e) Engraulis rigens; (f) Pleuroncodes monodon and (g) N/A (not determined). The Pozo de Lisas and La Capilla areas showed homogeneity in their prey items, while the Chanavayita area showed more diversity. Regarding the importance of prey items in the diet of S. chiliensis in the three localities, it would be correct to state that it is a generalist species.
Relationship between internal marketing and workplace mobbing: empirical results from sports organizations

Internal marketing and workplace mobbing are among the important facts that affect the efficiency and performance of organizations. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between internal marketing and mobbing behaviors. Data for the study were obtained from employees working at organizations providing sports services in Turkey. The study used the IM-11 scale developed by Yildiz and Kara (2017) to measure the employees’ internal marketing perception and the MS-A developed by Yildiz (2020a) to measure mobbing behaviors. The validity and reliability results in this study strongly demonstrated that both scales developed for higher education institutions can be applied to employees of sports services organizations. Correlation and regression analysis showed a significant and negative relationship between internal marketing and mobbing (β=-0.471; p<0.001). While internal marketing was moderately effective on vertical mobbing (β=-0.376; p<0.001), its highest effect was on vertical/horizontal mobbing (β=-0.486; p<0.001). The results of this study showed that internal marketing practices can be highly effective in preventing possible mobbing behavior among employees. Hence, managers who want to create a work environment free of conflict and low efficiency should effectively implement internal marketing within the organization. Keywords: Internal Marketing; Mobbing; Employee; Sports Organizations.
Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant for the Amelioration of Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition is of utmost importance in chronic disease management and has often been described as the cornerstone of a variety of non-communicable diseases. In particular, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a prevalent and global public health crisis. Lycopene, a bright red carotenoid hydrocarbon found in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, has been extensively studied for its biological activities and treatment efficiency in diabetes care. Epidemiological investigations indicate that lycopene has potential antioxidant properties, is capable of scavenging reactive species, and alleviates oxidative stress in T2DM patients. This review aims to summarize the characteristics and mechanisms of action of lycopene as a potent antioxidant for T2DM. In addition, the evidence demonstrating the effects of lycopene on glycemic control and oxidative stress biomarkers in T2DM are also highlighted using animal and human studies as literature approach.
The use of exemplars differs between native and non-native listening

Abstract This study compares the role of exemplars in native and non-native listening. Two English identity priming experiments were conducted with native English, Dutch non-native, and Spanish non-native listeners. In Experiment 1, primes and targets were spoken in the same or a different voice. Only the native listeners showed exemplar effects. In Experiment 2, primes and targets had the same or a different degree of vowel reduction. The Dutch, but not the Spanish, listeners were familiar with this reduction pattern from their L1 phonology. In this experiment, exemplar effects only arose for the Spanish listeners. We propose that in these lexical decision experiments the use of exemplars is co-determined by listeners’ available processing resources, which is modulated by the familiarity with the variation type from their L1 phonology. The use of exemplars differs between native and non-native listening, suggesting qualitative differences between native and non-native speech comprehension processes.
Understanding the Navigation Experience: Do Virtual Customer Service Agents Make a Difference?

The purpose of this study is to contribute to understanding website usage and loyalty and specifically whether the navigation experience varies with the presence of a virtual customer service agent (VCSA) on the website. Two online surveys were carried out with a random sample of 1,000 frequent flyers before and after the inclusion of the VCSA in an airline company website. Results are tested using partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modelling and importance–performance map analysis. Results show that perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived visual attractiveness, perceived enjoyment and social presence impact website loyalty. In the website without the VCSA, usability variables (PU and PEU) and perceived visual attractiveness are the strongest antecedents of loyalty, while perceived visual attractiveness and social presence are the strongest predictors in the VCSA setting.
The Evolution of Complex Muscle Cell In Vitro Models to Study Pathomechanisms and Drug Development of Neuromuscular Disease

Many neuromuscular disease entities possess a significant disease burden and therapeutic options remain limited. Innovative human preclinical models may help to uncover relevant disease mechanisms and enhance the translation of therapeutic findings to strengthen neuromuscular disease precision medicine. By concentrating on idiopathic inflammatory muscle disorders, we summarize the recent evolution of the novel in vitro models to study disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. A particular focus is laid on the integration and simulation of multicellular interactions of muscle tissue in disease phenotypes in vitro. Finally, the requirements of a neuromuscular disease drug development workflow are discussed with a particular emphasis on cell sources, co-culture systems (including organoids), functionality, and throughput.
A global dataset on subgrid land surface climate (2015–2100) from the Community Earth System Model

Subgrid data from earth system models are a powerful, yet underutilized, data resource for investigating the climatic impacts of land use and land cover change (LULCC). In this paper, we describe a global dataset on subgrid land surface climate variables produced by the Community Earth System Model in a fully coupled mode. The simulation was conducted at a 0.9° × 1.25° resolution under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario from 2015 to 2100. Data are archived for eight subgrid tiles (urban, rural, tree, grass, shrub, bare soil, crop and lake) and include variables on the physical state, surface energy fluxes, runoff and atmospheric forcing conditions. Archival intervals are monthly, daily and hourly. Meta data on land surface parameters are also available. The data files are stored in NetCDF‐4 (Network Common Data Form, version 4) format and the meta data follow the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 standards. We anticipate that this dataset will become a useful resource for characterizing local climate changes due to LULCC. This dataset can be downloaded from the Harvard Dataverse (https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/HUXAH6).
Malignancies in Deceased Organ Donors: The Spanish Experience

Background. To better define the risk of malignancy transmission through organ transplantation, we review the Spanish experience on donor malignancies. Methods. We analyzed the outcomes of recipients of organs obtained from deceased donors diagnosed with a malignancy during 2013–2018. The risk of malignancy transmission was classified as proposed by the Council of Europe. Results. Of 10 076 utilized deceased donors, 349 (3.5%) were diagnosed with a malignancy. Of those, 275 had a past (n = 168) or current (n = 107) history of malignancy known before the transplantation of organs into 651 recipients. Ten malignancies met high-risk criteria. No donor-transmitted cancer (DTC) was reported after a median follow-up of 24 (interquartile range [IQR]: 19–25) mo. The other 74 donors were diagnosed with a malignancy after transplantation. Within this group, 64 donors (22 with malignancies of high or unacceptable risk) whose organs were transplanted into 126 recipients did not result in a DTC after a median follow-up of 26 (IQR: 22–37) mo, though a prophylactic transplantectomy was performed in 5 patients. The remaining 10 donors transmitted an occult malignancy to 16 of 25 recipients, consisting of lung cancer (n = 9), duodenal adenocarcinoma (n = 2), renal cell carcinoma (n = 2), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 1), prostate cancer (n = 1), and undifferentiated cancer (n = 1). After a median follow-up of 14 (IQR: 11–24) mo following diagnosis, the evolution was fatal in 9 recipients. In total, of 802 recipients at risk, 16 (2%) developed a DTC, which corresponds to 6 cases per 10 000 organ transplants. Conclusions. Current standards may overestimate the risk of malignancy transmission. DTC is an infrequent but difficult to eliminate complication.