Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of SWCNT / PYA in sensors application

The sensor Uses wide in a range of applications including medical, general industrial, sensors are utilized in several daily electronics such as Touch-sensitive mobile screens and lights that dim or brighten when touched, as well as many more applications for most people. Sensors are critical, which is more accurate and makes quicker analysis. Because of developments in micromachinery and user-friendly microcontroller platforms, sensor applications have surpassed temperature, pressure, and flow monitoring. The physical modeling of Single-walled carbon nanotube/Poly Vinyl Alcohol (SWCNT/PVA) was researched and applied in sensor applications in this study. The structural, electrical, and sensor properties have all been studied. The results showed that the total energy of the designed samples was of a very low value, and this gives asymmetrical distribution and good agreement of the atoms among them. The results confirmed the accuracy of the implemented design and the chemical and physical compatibility between the materials used in terms of bond lengths and energies. It gave total energy of 2600 to 2700 eV. While the difference was very large between the energy gap of SWCNT and PVA 0.075 and 4.55, respectively, and when designing, the port was very close to the SWCNT energy gap, and this indicates a successful and excellent electronic connection. Furthermore, the electronic hardness was low, while the elasticity was high for the studied sensors, which is the desired result for obtaining successful stress sensors. With its excessive sensitivity and selectivity, in addition to rapid reaction and recovery, One of the most potential uses of SWCNT in electronics is the use of sensors.
SCANET: Improving multimodal representation and fusion with sparse‐ and cross‐attention for multimodal sentiment analysis

Learning unimodal representations and improving multimodal fusion are two cores of multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA). However, previous methods ignore the information differences between different modalities: Text modality has high‐order semantic features than other modalities. In this article, we propose a sparse‐ and cross‐attention (SCANET) framework which has asymmetric architecture to improve performance of multimodal representation and fusion. Specifically, in the unimodal representation stage, we use sparse attention to improve the representation efficiency of two modalities and reduce the low‐order redundant features of audio and visual modalities. In the multimodal fusion stage, we design an innovative asymmetric fusion module, which utilizes audio and visual modality information matrix as weights to strengthen the target text modality. We also introduce contrastive learning to effectively enhance complementary features between modalities. We apply SCANET on the CMU‐MOSI and CMU‐MOSEI datasets, and experimental results show that our proposed method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Real-world experience with capmatinib in MET exon 14-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (RECAP): a retrospective analysis from an early access program

Background: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presenting with mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping mutation have an unfavorable prognosis with standard treatments. Capmatinib is a selective MET inhibitor, which showed promising efficacy in this patient population in early trials. Methods: We performed a retrospective, international, multicenter efficacy and safety analysis in patients with NSCLC treated with capmatinib in an early access program between March 2019 and December 2021. Results: Data from 81 patients with advanced MET exon 14 mutated NSCLC treated with capmatinib in first- or later-line therapy were analyzed. Median age was 77 years (range, 48–91), 56% were women, 86% had stage IV disease, and 27% had brain metastases. For all patients, the objective response rate (ORR) to capmatinib was 58% (95% CI, 47–69), whereas it was 68% (95% CI, 50–82) in treatment-naïve and 50% (95% CI, 35–65) in pretreated patients. The median progression-free survival was 9.5 months (95% CI, 4.7–14.3), whereas it was 10.6 months (95% CI, 5.5–15.7) in first-line and 9.1 months (95% CI, 3.1–15.1) in pretreated patients. After a median follow-up of 11.0 months, the median overall survival was 18.2 months (95% CI, 13.2–23.1). In patients with measurable brain metastases (n = 11), the intracranial ORR was 46% (95% CI, 17–77). Capmatinib showed a manageable safety profile. Grade ⩾ 3 treatment-related adverse events included peripheral edema (13%), elevated creatinine (4%), and elevated liver enzymes (3%). Conclusion: In patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation, capmatinib showed durable systemic and intracranial efficacy and a manageable safety profile. This analysis confirms previously reported phase II data in a real-world setting.
The macroecology of community energy use in terrestrial vertebrates

Energy is a fundamental macroecological property as it governs all ecological processes and interactions. Understanding variation in community energy use and its correlations is crucial to knowing how communities function across the globe. As an organism’s metabolic rate equates to its rate of energy flow, individual rates can predict community-level functioning. Here, daily rates of community energy flow are calculated for 118 bat, 109 bird, and 196 non-volant small mammal inventories from around the world. These were scaled up from individual metabolic rates that were obtained for the 416 bat, 1880 bird, and 562 small mammal species present in the samples. While controlling for spatial autocorrelation, rates were contrasted and compared to various ecological, environmental, geographic, and anthropogenic variables, using a method of sequential regression that renders the variables orthogonal to each other, thus addressing the issue of collinearity. In all groups, there is a strong positive correlation between community energy use and community mass, with biomass being the primary determinant of community energy flow. More surprisingly, there are strong biogeographic differences within and between groups. Bat communities energy the Neotropics, while small mammal communities have higher rates relative to mass in Holarctic realms. Investigations of individual-level patterns reveal that these differences are a direct result of contrasting patterns of abundance, average individual mass, and metabolic rates. These results indicate that community energy use is strongly linked to differences in ecology and evolutionary history within and among groups.
The fourth national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Myanmar

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Myanmar. The fourth National TB Prevalence Survey was conducted in 2017–2018 to determine the actual burden of TB not only at the national level but also for three subnational strata (the states, regions other than Yangon, and the Yangon region) and develop a more efficacious country strategy on TB care and control. One hundred and thirty eight clusters were selected by population proportionate sampling. Adult (≥15 years of age) residents having lived for 2 weeks or more in the households of the selected clusters were invited to participate in the survey. The survey participants were screened for TB by a questionnaire and digital chest X-ray (CXR) after providing written informed consent. Individuals with a positive symptom screen and/or chest X-ray suggestive of TB were asked to provide sputum samples to test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) by Ziehl-Neelsen direct light microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert), and culture (Ogawa media). Bacteriologically confirmed TB cases were defined by an expert panel. Of 75 676 eligible residents, 66 480 (88%) participated, and 10 082 (15%) screened positive for TB. Among these, 322 participants were defined as bacteriologically confirmed TB cases. Cough lasting for two weeks or longer, one of the criteria used for screening for symptoms, could detect only 14% (45/322) of the study cases. The estimated prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed adult pulmonary TB was 468 (95% CI: 391–546) per 100,000. The prevalence was much higher among males, the older age group, urban Yangon and remote villages. In-depth interview with the participants on TB treatment showed that none of them was diagnosed in a TB health centre (primary care facilities). The prevalence of TB in Myanmar is still high due to challenges such as uncontrolled urbanization, an ageing population, migration, and poor access to health facilities in remote areas. New screening and diagnostic tools might help to detect more TB patients. There is a need to lay greater emphasis on multisectoral approaches, decentralization and the integration of basic TB services into primary care facilities.
The female to male calf sex ratio is associated with the number of services to achieve a calf and parity of lactating dairy cows

Abstract Commercial dairy producers may get frustrated by the lower ratio of female to male calves born because female calves are more valuable than bull calves. Our objective was to determine if parity or stage of lactation at the time of breeding, using conventional semen, influenced the sex of the calf. Data from the University of Illinois and the University of New Hampshire dairy herds were collected and summarized for calf sex, the number of services to achieve a calf and the lactation number when conception of that calf occurred. Logistical regression procedures were used to analyze the dataset via version 9.4 of SAS. The final dataset contained 2,987 calvings, which consisted of 1,406 females and 1,581 males (47.1% and 52.9% for females and males, respectively). The frequency distribution of the number of services to achieve a calf was highest for the first service and progressively declined with increasing services (52.06%, 21.66%, 10.75%, 6.66%, 4.22%, and 4.65% for 1 to 6 services, respectively). The frequency distribution of calvings by lactation number was greatest for first lactation cows becoming pregnant with their second calf and declined with increasing parity (35.49%, 28.22%, 17.01%, 9.61%, 5.02%, 2.51%, 1.14%, 0.70%, and 0.30% for lactation numbers 1 to 9, respectively). Logistic stepwise regression indicated that the number of services to achieve a calf was significant in predicting the ratio of female to male calves. Calculation of odds ratios indicated that as the lactation number increased the likelihood of getting a bull calf decreased. Parity, services, and parity by services interaction were significant for cows having a greater number of parities and cows with a greater number of services yielding more heifer calves. However, an interaction occurred where cows with greater number of services along with greater parities more likely to have a bull calf. These data provide evidence that increasing the number of services to achieve a calf and increasing age of the cow increased the probability of a heifer calf being born. These data indicate that cows with greater parties (lesser cull rate) are more likely to produce heifer calves.
PipelineTM Embolization Device for the Treatment of Complex Intracranial Aneurysms A NICE Medical Technology Guidance

As part of its Medical Technologies Evaluation Programme, the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) invited the manufacturer, Covidien, to provide clinical and economic evidence for the evaluation of the Pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms. Cedar; a consortium between Cardiff and Vale University Health Board and Cardiff University, was commissioned to act as an External Assessment Centre (EAC) for NICE to independently critique the manufacturers’ submissions. This article gives an overview of the evidence provided, the findings of the EAC and the final guidance published by NICE. The scope issued by NICE considered PED as the intervention in a patient population with complex unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs), specifically large/ giant, wide-necked and fusiform aneurysms. The comparator treatments identified were stent-assisted coiling, parent vessel occlusion, neurosurgical techniques and conservative management. The manufacturer claimed that PED fulfils a currently unmet clinical need in the treatment of large or giant, wide-necked or fusiform IAs. Thirteen studies were identified by the manufacturer as being relevant to the decision problem, with two of these included for data extraction. The EAC identified 16 studies as relevant, three of which had been published after the manufacturer’s search. Data extraction was carried out on these studies as, although many were low level research comprising of case reports and case series, they provided useful, pertinent safety and outcome data. No relevant economic studies of the device were identified; therefore, a new economic model was designed by the manufacturer. The base-case scenario provided recognized the costs of PED to be higher than the costs for endovascular parent vessel occlusion, neurosurgical parent vessel occlusion, neurosurgical clipping and conservative management. However, PED was found to be cost saving compared with stent-assisted coiling, with a saving of £13,110 per patient. Analysis of the clinical data suggested that treatment with PED has high rates of clinical success with high rates of aneurysm occlusion and acceptable adverse events for the patient population. Economic evidence suggested that the costs in the base-case for PED may have been underestimated, meaning that PED would only become cost saving in patients who would otherwise require treatment with 32 coils or more. NICE Medical Technologies Guidance MTG10, issued in May 2012, recommends the adoption of PED in selected patients within the UK National Health Service (NHS). K. Withers (&) G. Carolan-Rees M. Dale Cedar, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff Medicentre, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales e-mail: Kathleen.withers@wales.nhs. uk Appl Health Econ Health Policy (2013) 11:5–13 DOI 10.1007/s40258-012-0005-x
The Influence of Individual and Situational Factors on Teachers’ Justice Ratings of Classroom Interactions

Teachers, as role models, are crucial in promoting inclusion in society through their actions. Being perceived as fair by their students is linked to students’ feelings of belonging in school. In addition, their decisions of resource allocations also affect students’ academic success. Both aspects underpin the importance of teachers’ views on justice. This article aims to investigate what teachers consider to be just and how teacher characteristics and situational factors affect justice ratings of hypothetical student-teacher-interactions. In an experimental design, we randomly varied the description of the interacting student in text vignettes regarding his/her special educational need (SEN) (situational factor). We also collected data on teachers’ attitudes toward inclusion and experiences with persons with disabilities (individual factors). A sample of in-service teachers in Germany (N = 2,254) rated randomized versions of two text vignettes. To also consider the effect of professional status, a sample of pre-service teachers (N = 275) did the same. Linear mixed effect models point to a negative effect of the SEN on justice ratings, meaning situations in which the interacting student is described with a SEN were rated less just compared to the control condition. As the interacting student in the situations was treated worse than the rest, this was indicative for the application of the need principle. Teachers with more positive attitudes toward inclusion rated the vignettes as significantly less just. Professional status also had a negative effect on justice ratings, with in-service teachers rating the interactions significantly lower than the pre-service teachers. Our results suggest that the teachers applied the principle of need in their ratings. Implications for inclusive teaching practices and future research are discussed further.
AI-Based Channel Prediction in D2D Links: An Empirical Validation

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication propelled by artificial intelligence (AI) will be an allied technology that will improve system performance and support new services in advanced wireless networks (5G, 6G and beyond). In this paper, AI-based deep learning techniques are applied to D2D links operating at 5.8 GHz with the aim at providing potential answers to the following questions concerning the prediction of the received signal strength variations: i) how effective is the prediction as a function of the coherence time of the channel? and ii) what is the minimum number of input samples required for a target prediction performance? To this end, a variety of measurement environments and scenarios are considered, including an indoor open-office area, an outdoor open-space, line of sight (LOS), non-LOS (NLOS), and mobile scenarios. Four deep learning models are explored, namely long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), gated recurrent units (GRUs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and dense or feedforward networks (FFNs). Linear regression is used as a baseline model. It is observed that GRUs and LSTMs present equivalent performance, and both are superior when compared to CNNs, FFNs and linear regression. This indicates that GRUs and LSTMs are able to better account for temporal dependencies in the D2D data sets. We also provide recommendations on the minimum input lengths that yield the required performance given the channel coherence time. For instance, to predict 17 and 23 ms into the future, in indoor and outdoor LOS environments, respectively, an input length of 25 ms is recommended. This indicates that the bulk of the learning is done within the coherence time of the channel, and that large input lengths may not always be beneficial.
Resolving deep evolutionary relationships within the RNA virus phylum Lenarviricota

Abstract The RNA virus phylum Lenarviricota is composed of the fungi-associated families Narnaviridae and Mitoviridae, the RNA bacteriophage Leviviridae, and the plant and fungi-associated Botourmiaviridae. Members of the Lenarviricota are abundant in most environments and boast remarkable phylogenetic and genomic diversity. As this phylum includes both RNA bacteriophage and fungi- and plant-associated species, the Lenarviricota likely mark a major evolutionary transition between those RNA viruses associated with prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the remarkable expansion of this phylum following metagenomic studies, the phylogenetic relationships among the families within the Lenarviricota remain uncertain. Utilising a large data set of relevant viral sequences, we performed phylogenetic and genomic analyses to resolve the complex evolutionary history within this phylum and identify patterns in the evolution of virus genome organisation. Despite limitations reflecting very high levels of sequence diversity, our phylogenetic analyses suggest that the Leviviridae comprise the basal lineage within the Lenarviricota. Our phylogenetic results also support the construction of a new virus family—the Narliviridae—comprising a set of diverse and phylogenetically distinct species, including a number of uniquely encapsidated viruses. We propose a taxonomic restructuring within the Lenarviricota to better reflect the phylogenetic relationships documented here, with the Botourmiaviridae and Narliviridae combined into the order Ourlivirales, the Narnaviridae remaining in the order Wolframvirales, and these orders combined into the single class, the Amabiliviricetes. In sum, this study provides insights into the complex evolutionary relationships among the diverse families that make up the Lenarviricota.
Algebraic curves in Birkhoff strata of Sato Grassmannian

Algebro-geometric structures arising in Birkhoff strata of Sato Grassmannian are analyzed. It is shown that each Birkhoff stratum $\Sigma_S$ contains a closed subspace $W_{\hat{S}}$ which algebraically is an infinite-dimensional commutative associative algebra and geometrically it is an infinite tower of families of algebraic curves. For the big cell the subspace $W_\varnothing$ represents the tower of families of normal rational (Veronese) curves of all orders. For $W_1$ it is the family of coordinate rings for elliptic curves. For higher strata, the subspaces $W_{1,2,. ,n}$ represent families of plane $(n+1,n+2)$ curves (trigonal curves at $n=2$) and space curves of genus $n$ and index$(\bar{\partial}_{W_{1,2,.,n}})=-n$. Two methods of regularization of singular curves contained in $W_{\hat{S}}$, namely, the standard blowing-up and transition to higher strata with the change of genus are discussed. Cohomological and Poisson structures associated with the subspaces $W_{1,2,. ,n}$ are considered. It is shown that the tangent bundles of the subspaces $W_{1,2,. ,n}$ are isomorphic to the linear spaces of $2-$coboundaries, special class of which is provided by the systems of integrable quasilinear PDEs. For the big cell it is the dKP hierarchy. It is demonstrated also that the families of ideals for algebraic varieties in $W_{1,2,. ,n}$ can be viewed as the Poisson ideals. This observation establishes a connection between families of algebraic curves in $W_{\hat{S}}$ and coisotropic deformations of such curves of zero and nonzero genus described by hierarchies of hydrodynamical type systems like dKP hierarchy. Interrelation between cohomological and Poisson structures is noted.
Transforming Capillary Alginate Gel (Capgel) into New 3D-Printing Biomaterial Inks

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has great potential for creating tissues and organs to meet shortfalls in transplant supply, and biomaterial inks are key components of many such approaches. There is a need for biomaterial inks that facilitate integration, infiltration, and vascularization of targeted 3D-printed structures. This study is therefore focused on creating new biomaterial inks from self-assembled capillary alginate gel (Capgel), which possesses a unique microstructure of uniform tubular channels with tunable diameters and densities. First, extrusions of Capgel through needles (0.1–0.8 mm inner diameter) were investigated. It was found that Capgel ink extrudes as slurries of fractured and entangled particles, each retaining capillary microstructures, and that extruded line widths W and particle sizes A were both functions of needle inner diameter D, specifically power-law relationships of W~D0.42 and A~D1.52, respectively. Next, various structures were successfully 3D-printed with Capgel ink, thus demonstrating that this biomaterial ink is stackable and self-supporting. To increase ink self-adherence, Capgel was coated with poly-L-lysine (PLL) to create a cationic “skin” prior to extrusion. It was hypothesized that, during extrusion of Capgel-PLL, the sheared particles fracture and thereby expose cryptic sites of negatively-charged biomaterial capable of forming new polyelectrolyte bonds with areas of the positively-charged PLL skin on neighboring entangled particles. This novel approach resulted in continuous, self-adherent extrusions that remained intact in solution. Human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) were then cultured on this ink to investigate biocompatibility. HLFs readily colonized Capgel-PLL ink and were strongly oriented by the capillary microstructures. This is the first description of successful 3D-printing with Capgel biomaterial ink as well as the first demonstration of the concept and formulation of a self-adherent Capgel-PLL biomaterial ink.