Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Variable Omission on Variable Importance Measures of Cart, Random Forest, and Boosting Algorithms

When researchers use statistical models to gain insights into various phenomena, they make a tacit assumption that most (if not all) of the important predictor variables with respect to the outcome are included in the analysis. However, in practice this may not always be possible, whether because some important variables could not be measured, or because a researcher was not aware of all such important predictors. Prior research has shown that when important variables are omitted from both linear and nonlinear regression models, the model coefficients can be biased, with greater levels of bias being associated with larger correlations between the missing and retained variables. However, very little work has examined how such omissions impact the performance of variable importance measures used with popular machine learning algorithms. Therefore, the purpose of this simulation study was to address this gap in the literature and thereby provide insights into the impact of such omissions on variable importance measures for classification and regression trees, random forests, and boosting algorithms. Results showed that when an important variable is omitted from an analysis, other predictors that are correlated with and/or involved in an interaction with it will have inflated variables importance measures themselves. An empirical example and implications of these results are discussed. Journal of Statistical Research 2021, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 335-358
Principal components of genetic diversity and association studies for yield related traits in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

One sixty-eight pearl millet germplasm accessions were evaluated using multivariate techniques, principal component and cluster analysis to explore the extent of genetic diversity and association among the yield and yield contributing traits. The first three principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 with eigen values more than one explains 25.27, 22.15 and 13.38 per cent, respectively, with a cumulative effect of 60.80 per cent of the total variation. Based on factor loading of three PC’s and association analyses explained that the traits viz., number of productive tillers per plant, 1000-seed weight, panicle diameter and plant height function as excellent selection indicators that exhibit positive loading toward genetic diversity. In cluster analysis all the germplasm accessions under the study were sorted into seven distinct clusters. Cluster I having the highest number of lines followed by cluster IV due to similar ancestry of parental lines. The germplasm accessions 4129, 4163, 4157, 5007, 5058, 4104, 4105, 4146, 4150, 4140, 4123 and ICMV 221 exhibit diversity in both cluster and PCA analyses, indicating that utilizing these lines for hybridization procedure to harness heterosis and to select superior segregants in pearl millet.
Emotion Self-Regulation in Neurotic Students: A Pilot Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Assess Its Effectiveness through Brain Signals and Behavioral Data

Neuroticism has recently received increased attention in the psychology field due to the finding of high implications of neuroticism on an individual’s life and broader public health. This study aims to investigate the effect of a brief 6-week breathing-based mindfulness intervention (BMI) on undergraduate neurotic students’ emotion regulation. We acquired data of their psychological states, physiological changes, and electroencephalogram (EEG), before and after BMI, in resting states and tasks. Through behavioral analysis, we found the students’ anxiety and stress levels significantly reduced after BMI, with p-values of 0.013 and 0.027, respectively. Furthermore, a significant difference between students in emotion regulation strategy, that is, suppression, was also shown. The EEG analysis demonstrated significant differences between students before and after MI in resting states and tasks. Fp1 and O2 channels were identified as the most significant channels in evaluating the effect of BMI. The potential of these channels for classifying (single-channel-based) before and after BMI conditions during eyes-opened and eyes-closed baseline trials were displayed by a good performance in terms of accuracy (~77%), sensitivity (76–80%), specificity (73–77%), and area-under-the-curve (AUC) (0.66–0.8) obtained by k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. Mindfulness can thus improve the self-regulation of the emotional state of neurotic students based on the psychometric and electrophysiological analyses conducted in this study.
Identification of 9 Gene Signatures by WGCNA to Predict Prognosis for Colon Adenocarcinoma

Background A risk assessment model for prognostic prediction of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) was established based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Methods From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, RNA-seq data and clinical data of COAD patients were retrieved. After screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), WGCNA was performed to identify gene modules and screen those associated with COAD progression. Then, via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction of module genes, hub genes were obtained, which were then subjected to the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression to build a hub gene-based prognostic scoring model. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was plotted for the optimal cutoff (OCO) of the risk score, based on which, patients were assigned to high or low-risk groups. Areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) were calculated, and model performance was visualized using Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curves and verified in the external dataset GSE29621. Finally, the model's independent prognostic value was evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and a nomogram was built. Results Totally 2840 DEGs were screened from COAD dataset of TCGA, including 1401 upregulated ones and 1439 downregulated ones, which were divided into 10 modules by WGCNA. The eigenvalue of the black module was found to have a high correlation with COAD progression. PPI interaction networks were constructed for genes in the black module, and 34 hub genes were obtained by using the MCODE plug-in. A LASSO-Cox regression approach was utilized to analyze the hub genes, and a prognostic risk score model based on the signatures of 9 genes (CHEK1, DEPDC1B, FANCI, MCM10, NCAPG, PARPBP, PLK4, RAD51AP1, and RFC4) was constructed. KM analysis identified shorter overall lower survival in the high-risk group. The model was verified to have favorable predictive ability through training set and validation set. The nomogram, composed of tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging and risk score, was of good predictability. Conclusions The COAD prognostic risk model constructed upon the signatures of 9 genes (CHEK1, DEPDC1B, FANCI, MCM10, NCAPG, PARPBP, PLK4, RAD51AP1, and RFC4) can effectively predict the survival status of COAD patients.
Separable Confident Transductive Learning for Dairy Cows Teat-End Condition Classification

Simple Summary The health of dairy cows is important for milk quality and the health of the mammary gland. Traditionally, teat-end health has been assessed manually through visual inspection of teat-end callosity thickness and roughness (i.e., hyperkeratosis), which is a risk-factor for mastitis. Here, we describe a computer-vision approach to replace the time-consuming and expensive manual assessment of teat-end hyperkeratosis. Using separable confident transductive learning, a convolutional neural network is trained with the goal of increasing the feature differences in the images of teat-ends with different classifications of hyperkeratosis. When compared with the traditional approach of transfer learning of a convolution neural network for classifying the extent of hyperkeratosis, the overall accuracy of our model increased from 61.8 to 77.6%. This substantial improvement in accuracy renders the possibility of using image-based machine learning to routinely monitor hyperkeratosis on commercial dairy farm settings. Abstract Teat-end health assessments are crucial to maintain milk quality and dairy cow health. One approach to automate teat-end health assessments is by using a convolutional neural network to classify the magnitude of teat-end alterations based on digital images. This approach has been demonstrated as feasible with GoogLeNet but there remains a number of challenges, such as low performance and comparing performance with different ImageNet models. In this paper, we present a separable confident transductive learning (SCTL) model to improve the performance of teat-end image classification. First, we propose a separation loss to ameliorate the inter-class dispersion. Second, we generate high confident pseudo labels to optimize the network. We further employ transductive learning to narrow the gap between training and test datasets with categorical maximum mean discrepancy loss. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SCTL model consistently achieves higher accuracy across all seventeen different ImageNet models when compared with retraining of original approaches.
Magnetically driven chemically reactive Casson nanofluid flow over curved surface with thermal radiation

During this exploration, Casson nanofluid is taken over a sheet that is curved and stretching in nature and its flow equations are analyzed. Radiation and slip provisions are also taken into consideration. A magnetic field of uniform rate is provided. Convective heat and mass transference extract dominant conclusions from the system. The Brownian migration together with thermophoresis is also included in the flow structure. Moreover, the chemical reaction of higher‐order within the nanoingredients also generates interest. Guiding equations furnished by the selected model are resettled to ordinary differential equations of nonlinear type by significant similarity transformation. We have worked on MAPLE‐19 software to work out this with a suitable accuracy rate. Upshots are shown with diagrams and tables. Corresponding physical consignment such as Nusselt number has been analyzed. Determination of skin friction and moreover Sherwood's number is also in the area of interest. Magnificent advancement in heat sifting is dealt with by magnetic and Brownian motion specification. The graphs prescribed the upshots of thermophoresis and slip parameters. Outcomes convey that temperature together with concentration are reduced for stretching parameters but velocity lines are enhanced. Heat transport goes up for magnetic and Brownian motion framework but elevated outcomes are spotted for radiative flow in contrast to nonradiative flow. Mass transfer is reduced for chemical reaction components but the rate of augmentation is elevated for higher‐order chemically reactive flow. Mass Biot number and temperature Biot number both increase the concentration and temperature transport, respectively.
Mobile User Satisfaction and Usage Analysis Model of mGovernment Services

Efficient and effective management is considered the crucial factor that decides the success or failure of any mService project. This paper is one step in a research project that attempts to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of mGovernment services. In order to achieve as precise a measurement as possible, services are analysed from the perspective of the mGovernment users to their root components. Mobile-user-centric government makes satisfying citizen and business needs the centrepiece in its planning so as to create communities of networked users, not just portals, for individual users. As a preparatory step for a real-world opinion survey, this paper analyses and defines mobile user's needs covering the satisfaction and usage of mGovernment services. The outcomes are indicators that are translated into metrics which are, in turn, interpreted into questions used to measure the effectiveness of existing or proposed mServices.
The Nutraceutical Antihypertensive Action of C-Phycocyanin in Chronic Kidney Disease Is Related to the Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction

C-phycocyanin (CPC) is an antihypertensive that is not still wholly pharmacologically described. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether CPC counteracts endothelial dysfunction as an antihypertensive mechanism in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (NFx) as a chronic kidney disease (CKD) model. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham control, sham-treated with CPC (100 mg/Kg/d), NFx, and NFx treated with CPC. Blood pressure was measured each week, and renal function evaluated at the end of the treatment. Afterward, animals were euthanized, and their thoracic aortas were analyzed for endothelium functional test, oxidative stress, and NO production. 5/6 Nephrectomy caused hypertension increasing lipid peroxidation and ROS production, overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), reduction in the first-line antioxidant enzymes activities, and reduced-glutathione (GSH) with a down-expression of eNOS. The vasomotor response reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation in aorta segments exposed to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. However, the treatment with CPC prevented hypertension by reducing oxidative stress, NO system disturbance, and endothelial dysfunction. The CPC treatment did not prevent CKD-caused disturbance in the antioxidant enzymes activities. Therefore, CPC exhibited an antihypertensive activity while avoiding endothelial dysfunction.
DETECTION OF ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY OF SALMONELLA TYPHI IN WASIT PROVINCE OF IRAQ

Background: Salmonella typhi was food born infectious bacterial agent can transfer to human by water or food contaminated and causing disease in both gender and also infected healthy and immunocompromised patients enteric fever stay to remain as a major public health problem. Objective: current study was design to isolate Salmonella typhi from blood and them detecting its by using different biochemical tests like API20E, and them tested isolated pathogen to different antibiotics in which commonly used in treatment through antibiotic sensitivity test. Methods: in this study a total of 800 blood samples were collected randomly from patients with different ages and gender suffered from clinical symptoms of typhoid fever in which attended to al-karma teaching hospital in alKut-Waist government/ Iraq, after diagnosis of them appeared that 72 patients (9%) of them infected with Salmonella typhi, them used appropriate statistical methods to analysis many results, after that detected of antimicrobial activity of these pathogenic bacteria by using different antibiotics that commonly used in treatment of these disease, the results of this test show that all isolates appeared sensitive to imipenem followed by ciprofloxacin (95.8%) them Ceftriaxone(93.7%), Co-trimoxazole(83.2%), Chlormophenicol (71.5%), Ampicillin(70.51%) and last one was nalidixic acid (68.5%). Aims: this study was design to detect ratio of infection with this pathogen in Waist province in Iraq and also discovered the most suitable antibiotics in treatment of its. Keywords:
Superconducting Flexible Cables For Cryogenic Applications

In systems for cryogenic electronics experiments and applications containing multiple temperature stages down to the milliKelvin temperature range, such as in quantum computing research performed in dilution refrigerators, significant effort is undertaken to limit thermal leakage between the various temperature stages. In order to route many RF/microwave/high-speed signals, a large number of semi-rigid coaxial cables are generally used. From a practical perspective the number of microwave connections is limited; due to the thermal load imposed on the cryogenic system, as well as space and volume constraints within the refrigerator. As advances in cryogenic electronics are made, the number of connections that can be achieved could potentially limit its scalability. Consequently, there is a need for high-density, low-loss, low thermal leakage cables. Polyimide has been shown to have exceptional mechanical and thermal properties at cryogenic temperatures. Polyimide as a substrate material with Nb traces has been commonly used in relatively low-frequency (< MHz) applications such as superconducting focal plane arrays. This work addresses the need for even lower loss microwave interconnects by using thin-film processing methods to fabricate controlled-impedance superconducting microstrip cables on 20 μm thick PI-2611 polyimide and on 50 μm thick E-series Kapton films with 250 nm thick Nb traces and ground planes. In this work, we also studied embedded microstrip transmission lines and Nb cladded with Cu and Al microstrip transmission lines. We also implemented distributed element models to match measurements that took into account the kinetic inductance effects on the microwave performance. The fabricated microstrip flex cables were measured at 4.2 K, in liquid He, and up to a frequency of 14 GHz.
The evolution of the Aristolochia pallida complex (Aristolochiaceae) challenges traditional taxonomy and reflects large‐scale glacial refugia in the Mediterranean

Abstract The taxonomy of the Mediterranean Aristolochia pallida complex has been under debate since several decades with the following species currently recognized: A. pallida, A. lutea, A. nardiana, A. microstoma, A. merxmuelleri, A. croatica, and A. castellana. These taxa are distributed from Iberia to Turkey. To reconstruct phylogenetic and biogeographic patterns, we employed cpDNA sequence variation using both noncoding (intron and spacer) and protein‐coding regions (i.e., trnK intron, matK gene, and trnK‐psbA spacer). Our results show that the morphology‐based traditional taxonomy was not corroborated by our phylogenetic analyses. Aristolochia pallida, A. lutea, A. nardiana, and A. microstoma were not monophyletic. Instead, strong geographic signals were detected. Two major clades, one exclusively occurring in Greece and a second one of pan‐Mediterranean distribution, were found. Several subclades distributed in Greece, NW Turkey, Italy, as well as amphi‐Adriatic subclades, and a subgroup of southern France and Spain, were revealed. The distribution areas of these groups are in close vicinity to hypothesized glacial refugia areas in the Mediterranean. According to molecular clock analyses the diversification of this complex started around 3–3.3 my, before the onset of glaciation cycles, and the further evolution of and within major lineages falls into the Pleistocene. Based on these data, we conclude that the Aristolochia pallida alliance survived in different Mediterranean refugia rarely with low, but often with a high potential for range extension, and a high degree of morphological diversity.
Phonetic and Phonological Salience in Tone Processing

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine whether it is the phonetic or phonological effect on processing that is stronger when the two effects are in conflict. Results are presented from a recall experiment, in which speakers of French and Tłı̨chǫ (Dene, Canada) recall syllables with either H or L tone. While French speakers remembered H syllables more accurately, Tłı̨chǫ speakers remembered L tones more accurately. The findings show simultaneous effects of phonetics and phonology, and have implications for notions of salience and how it can be measured as well as for the different types of salience that are active in speech sound processing.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Kontekstual Terintegrasi Augmented Reality untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa

Pandemi Covid-19 membuat sistem pembelajaran di kelas menjadi terbatas sehingga siswa dituntut untuk belajar lebih mandiri. Akan tetapi, sumber belajar memadai yang mendukung kemandirian belajar kimia di SMAN 1 Batulayar masih sangat kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran kontekstual terintegrasi Augmented Reality untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi ikatan kimia. Penelitian ini termasuk metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan. Tahapan penelitian mengikuti desain pengembangan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap, yaitu analisis (Analysis), desain (Design), pengembangan (Development), penerapan (Implementation), dan evaluasi (Evaluation). Subyek penelitian adalah siswa SMAN 1 Batulayar yang berjumlah 40 orang. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah angket dan tes uraian. Data kelayakan modul dan tanggapan siswa diperoleh dari angket lalu dianalisis berdasarkan persentase, sedangkan data keterampilan berpikir kritis didapatkan dari tes uraian lalu dianalisis menggunakan paired sample t-test dan skor gain ternormalisasi (N-gain). Adapun hasil penelitian ini antara lain: 1) modul dinyatakan sangat layak dengan rerata skor 90%, 2) modul dapat meningkatkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai signifikan 0,00 pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dan skor N-gain 58% dengan kategori sedang, dan 3) siswa memberikan tanggapan sangat baik terhadap proses pembelajaran menggunakan modul. Dengan demikian, modul pembelajaran kontekstual terintegrasi augmented reality telah berhasil dikembangkan.
Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from COVID-19 Patients in a Hospital Intensive Care Unit: Molecular Typing and Risk Factors

Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii represent a major concern for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. However, the epidemiology of these infections among COVID-19 patients has not been fully explored. The aims of this study were (i) to characterize the clonal spread of A. baumannii among COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU of the Umberto I hospital of Rome during the first year of the pandemic and (ii) to identify risk factors for its acquisition. Isolates were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and a multivariable regression model was constructed. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Overall, 193 patients were included, and 102 strains were analysed. All isolates had highly antibiotic-resistant profiles and derived from two genotypes. The cumulative incidence of A. baumannii acquisition (colonization or infection) was 36.8%. Patients with A. baumannii had higher mortality and length of stay. Multivariable analysis showed that previous carbapenem use was the only risk factor associated with A. baumannii acquisition (aOR: 4.15, 95% CI: 1.78–9.64). We documented substantial A. baumannii infections and colonization and high levels of clonal transmission. Given the limited treatment options, effective prevention and containment strategies to limit the spread of A. baumannii should be implemented.