Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BIOREMEDIATION OF FISH WASTEWATER USING A MODIFIED AERATED BEADS BIOLOGICAL FILTER

Bioremediation is a treatment that uses naturally occurring organisms (plants and animals) as agents of degrading pollutants to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non-toxic substances. research work aim is to get treated water suitable for other purposes such as re-farming out again and used to irrigate farms, especially vegetables and used in the cultivation of surfaces so that it works to reduce the burden on the Nile waters and contribute to the bridging part of the gap water poverty in Egypt. Experimental work was conducted in high pressure resistance glass aquarium supplied with two filter types; filter (A) spongy filter element, and aerated plastic granules (beads), filter (C), Crystal. Chemical analysis of initial water samples shows that EC of 1.23 mmohs/cm, pH of 7.4, ammonia concentration increased gradually from 5.59 to 183.75 mg/L after 11 days then decreased to 2.63 mg/L due biofiltration achievement and still remaining at a level under 25 mg/L till experiment end. Also, ammonia concentrations decreased to 2.63 mg/L for filter (A) and to 1.31 for filter (C) that was due to reverse cleaning of biofilter media to control a biomass clogging. Blank water nitrate concentration increased gradually from 0.00 to 26.69 mg/L after 14 days then decreased to 1.75, then increased gradually again to a level of 45.5 mg/L after 27 days, due to loading increasing which led to increase competition for space and oxygen and affect biofilter capacity to complete nitrification process. Nitrate concentration of filter (A) and (C) increased progressively from 0.88 to 21.88 mg/L for filter (A) and from 0.44 to 43.75 mg/L for filter (C) respectively, after 11 days from experiment beginning, acclimation periods for microbial population. Ammonia removal efficiencies ranged from 4.02 to 63.99 % for filter (A) and from 11.9 to 78.24 % for filter (C), ammonia elimination capacities were fluctuated between 2.28 and 67.98 g/L. h for filter (A) and between 6.84 and 113.32 g/L. h for filter (C) respectively.
LCP: A Low-Communication Parallelization Method for Fast Neural Network Inference in Image Recognition

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have inspired new studies in myriad edge applications with robots, autonomous agents, and Internet-of-things (IoT) devices. However, performing inference of DNNs in the edge is still a severe challenge, mainly because of the contradiction between the intensive resource requirements of DNNs and the tight resource availability in several edge domains. Further, as communication is costly, taking advantage of other available edge devices by using data- or model-parallelism methods is not an effective solution. To benefit from available compute resources with low communication overhead, we propose the first DNN parallelization method for reducing the communication overhead in a distributed system. We propose a low-communication parallelization (LCP) method in which models consist of several almost-independent and narrow branches. LCP offers close-to-minimum communication overhead with better distribution and parallelization opportunities while significantly reducing memory footprint and computation compared to data- and model-parallelism methods. We deploy LCP models on three distributed systems: AWS instances, Raspberry Pis, and PYNQ boards. We also evaluate the performance of LCP models on a customized hardware (tailored for low latency) implemented on a small edge FPGA and as a 16mW 0.107mm2 ASIC @7nm chip. LCP models achieve a maximum and average speedups of 56x and 7x, compared to the originals, which could be improved by up to an average speedup of 33x by incorporating common optimizations such as pruning and quantization.
Incremental intervention effects in studies with dropout and many timepoints#

Abstract Modern longitudinal studies collect feature data at many timepoints, often of the same order of sample size. Such studies are typically affected by dropout and positivity violations. We tackle these problems by generalizing effects of recent incremental interventions (which shift propensity scores rather than set treatment values deterministically) to accommodate multiple outcomes and subject dropout. We give an identifying expression for incremental intervention effects when dropout is conditionally ignorable (without requiring treatment positivity) and derive the nonparametric efficiency bound for estimating such effects. Then we present efficient nonparametric estimators, showing that they converge at fast parametric rates and yield uniform inferential guarantees, even when nuisance functions are estimated flexibly at slower rates. We also study the variance ratio of incremental intervention effects relative to more conventional deterministic effects in a novel infinite time horizon setting, where the number of timepoints can grow with sample size and show that incremental intervention effects yield near-exponential gains in statistical precision in this setup. Finally, we conclude with simulations and apply our methods in a study of the effect of low-dose aspirin on pregnancy outcomes.
Neptunium(V) and neptunium(VI) solubilities in synthetic brines of interest to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)

The solubility of Np(V) and Np(VI) has been measured in three synthetic Na-K-Mg-Cl brines in the presence of CO{sub 2}(g). Experiments were prepared from oversaturation by adding an excess of NpO{sub 2}{sup +} or NpO{sub 2}{sup 2+} to the brines and allowing the neptunium solids to precipitate. Vessels were maintained in contact with fixed CO{sub 2}(g) partial pressures at constant pH and 24 {+-} 1 C. Dissolved Np(V) concentrations decreased several orders of magnitude within the first 100 days of the experiment, while dissolved Np(VI) concentrations decreased initially but then remained relatively constant for more than 400 days. The solid phases formed in all experiments were identified by X-ray powder diffraction as KNpO{sub 2}CO{sub 3}{center_dot}xH{sub 2}O(s). Steady state concentrations for Np(V) are similar to those observed for Pu(V) in the same brines under the same conditions, where Pu occurs predominantly as Pu(V). Similarly, steady state concentrations for Np(VI), which was not reduced over a two year period, compare well with measured Pu(VI) concentrations in the same brines before the Pu(VI) was reduced to Pu(V).
The ultrasonic and clinical features of Kimura′s disease

Objective To investigate the clinical features of Kimura′s disease. Methods The clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, genetic testing, the features of imaging, bone marrow biopsy and pathology of Kimura′s disease were retrospectively analyzed. Results Laboratory tests showed that white blood cell count was 11.65×109/L, eosinophil count was 3.12×109/L, the percentage of eosinophil was 35.6%. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 32mm/h, C-reactive protein was 20 mg/L.The ultrasound showed that there were several beaded lymph node which were adjacent to blood vessels on the left neck, and the cortical thickened.Thoraco-abdominal CT and bronchoscopy revealed no obvious abnormalities.Bone marrow biopsy showed myeloid and erythroid hyperplasia.A number of beaded lymph node integration into group, with the surrounding tissue adhesion.Histopathological examination showed that lymphoid hyperplasia with follicular hyperplasia and diffuse eosinophilic infiltration on interfollicular.Immunohistochemical staining showed CD3, CD20, CD21 and 80% of Ki-67 of follicular area were positive, Bcl-2 was negative. Conclusions Kimura′s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lymphadenia, with high peripheral blood eosinophil count and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE). Its diagnosis relys on physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging findings.Histopathological examination can confirm the diagnosis. Key words: Kimura′s disease; Lymphoid tissue; Granulocytes; Diagonsis
Job Recruitment, Employee Placement and Workplace Experiences of Outsourced Workers in Selected Sub-Sectors in Ibadan, Nigeria

Most studies on outsourced workers in Nigeria did not addressed the issues of their recruitment, placement and workplace experiences along sub-sectoral lines. This study was conducted in Ibadan using ten work organisations covering four sub-sectors. Neoliberal and Systems theory provided the theoretical framework. The design was survey and exploratory. A two-stage sampling consisting of purposive and simple random techniques were used to select work organisations and respondents. Questionnaire was used to elicit information. In addition, twenty in-depth interviews and ten key informant interviews were conducted with outsourced workers across organisations and management representatives respectively. Most respondents across the sub-sectors felt they were placed in peripheral positions. Management confirmed that there were disparities in the kinds of incentives given to outsourced and permanent workers. Outsourced workers’ experiences varied along sub-sectoral lines. Efforts should be made by government and management of work organisation to improve the working conditions of outsourced workers.
Faculty Perceptions about Continuous Professional Development Plan during Mentoring and Learning Web Sessions

Continuing Professional Development refers to the process of tracking and documenting the skills, knowledge and experience that one gains in their career after the initial training. There is no structured and uniform way of assessing and documenting ones progress professionally in our country. Every medical teacher wishes to perfect him/herself. They do so at their own pace by identifying the resources available and time permissible. This observational questionnaire based study was conducted to understand the perceptions of medical teacher on various aspects of ‘Professional Development Plan’ through Mentoring and Learning (ML) Web sessions. Six open ended questions which were answered by participants were analyzed. Seven out of 32 (21.87%) responded to survey questionnaire. All (100%) showed interest in learning about various topics related to teaching, research and career planning, 42.85% mentioned ‘Internet services’, 42.85% ‘Support from administration, family and seniors’ with 14.28% reporting ‘Medical journals’ as major resources used to accomplish professional development plan. Overall participants in present study stated that continuous learning- medical and teaching related as the most important factor of their professional development. Key Words: CPD, Medical faculty, ML web session
An Electron Microscopic Study of the Effect of (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the Ability of E. coli 0157:H7 to Attach and Efface Healthy Young Broilers

The present study was carried out to determine the influence of dietary probiotic source feed (fungal-yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the ability of E. coli 0157:H7 to attach and efface healthy young broilers at different feeding periods (7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days of age). There were reductions in bacterial attachment of broilers fed various yeast levels. Twenty one days post-challenging about 87% of the (G1); positive control, chicks fed control diet containing 0.00% baker yeast and challenged with E. coli 0157:H7, showed both cecal attachment and effacement. On the other hand 37% of the (G2); chicks fed control diet containing 0.75% baker yeast and challenged with E. coli 0157:H7, showed cecal attachment. And only 16% of the (G3); chicks fed control diet containing 1.00% baker yeast and challenged with E. coli 0157:H7 showed cecal attachment. The results of this study suggest adding yeast at 1.0% into broilers diets causing a significant (P<0.005) decrease in bacterial attachment and may enhance the productive performance and nutrients utilization via the inhibitory effect of yeast against pathogenic bacteria E. coli 0157:H7.
A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Continuous Infusion of Cloxacillin during Staphylococcus aureus Bone and Joint Infections

Intravenous administration of antibiotics is recommended during the early phase of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bone and joint infection (BJI). We sought to compare the plasma concentrations of cloxacillin administered alternately by continuous and intermittent infusion (CI and ItI) in patients with MSSA BJI. In this prospective crossover trial, patients were randomly assigned to receive either 3 days of CI (two 75-mg/kg 12-h cloxacillin infusions per day) and then 3 days of ItI (four 37. ABSTRACT Intravenous administration of antibiotics is recommended during the early phase of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bone and joint infection (BJI). We sought to compare the plasma concentrations of cloxacillin administered alternately by continuous and intermittent infusion (CI and ItI) in patients with MSSA BJI. In this prospective crossover trial, patients were randomly assigned to receive either 3 days of CI (two 75-mg/kg 12-h cloxacillin infusions per day) and then 3 days of ItI (four 37.5-mg/kg 1-h cloxacillin infusions per day) or vice versa. The drug concentration measurement was performed on day 3 of each type of administration at 1, 6, and 11 h and at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after the beginning of CI and ItI, respectively. We used the nonparametric algorithm NPAG to estimate population pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. The final model was used to perform pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) simulations and calculate the probabilities of target attainment (PTA) for several ItI and CI dosing regimens. We considered two PK/PD targets of time spent above the MIC for free cloxacillin concentrations (fT>MIC): 50 and 100%. Eighty-four concentrations from 11 patients were analyzed. A two-compartment model adequately described the data. ItI with q6h regimens and short 1-h infusions of 2,000 or 3,000 mg were associated with low PTA, even for the low target (50% fT>MIC) while 3-h infusions and continuous infusions (6 to 12 g/day) were associated with a PTA of >90% for an MIC up to 0.5 mg/liter. These results support the use of prolonged or continuous infusion of cloxacillin in patients with BJI.
A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Approach for Language Laterality Assessment in Young Children

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a usable technique to determine hemispheric dominance of language function, but high-quality fMRI images are difficult to acquire in young children. Here we aimed to develop and validate an fMRI approach to reliably determine hemispheric language dominance in young children. We designed two new tasks (story, SR; Letter picture matching, LPM) that aimed to match the interests and the levels of cognitive development of young children. We studied 32 healthy children (6–10 years old, median age 8.7 years) and seven children with epilepsy (7–11 years old, median age 8.6 years) and compared the lateralization index of the new tasks with those of a well-validated task (verb generation, VG) and with clinical measures of hemispheric language dominance. A conclusive assessment of hemispheric dominance (lateralization index ≤-0.2 or ≥0.2) was obtained for 94% of the healthy participants who performed both new tasks. At least one new task provided conclusive language laterality assessment in six out of seven participants with epilepsy. The new tasks may contribute to assessing language laterality in young and preliterate children and may benefit children who are scheduled for surgical treatment of disorders such as epilepsy.
Stakeholder consultations as reputation-building: a comparison of ACER and the German Federal Network Agency

ABSTRACT Stakeholder engagement is thought to increase the legitimacy of independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). However, there is little research on how IRAs use the information that stakeholders contribute. We argue that the organizational reputation approach can explain different reactions to stakeholder engagement. IRAs usually rely on a reputation based on technical expertise. However, if IRAs have little capacities, they fall back on procedural or moral reputation. We analyze the consultations of the German Federal Network Agency (FNA) and the European Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) on planning electricity networks. Both have complex audience situations and an incentive to cultivate a technical reputation. However, their capacities differ. The FNA has capacities to cultivate a technical reputation, and selectively discusses technical contributions. ACER has less capacities. It selectively reacts to comments that criticize procedural aspects of network planning. Hence, we show how reputational concerns and capacities shape consultation procedures.
Landscape-level toxicant exposure mediates infection impacts on wildlife populations

Anthropogenic landscape modification such as urbanization can expose wildlife to toxicants, with profound behavioural and health effects. Toxicant exposure can alter the local transmission of wildlife diseases by reducing survival or altering immune defence. However, predicting the impacts of pathogens on wildlife across their ranges is complicated by heterogeneity in toxicant exposure across the landscape, especially if toxicants alter wildlife movement from toxicant-contaminated to uncontaminated habitats. We developed a mechanistic model to explore how toxicant effects on host health and movement propensity influence range-wide pathogen transmission, and zoonotic exposure risk, as an increasing fraction of the landscape is toxicant-contaminated. When toxicant-contaminated habitat is scarce on the landscape, costs to movement and survival from toxicant exposure can trap infected animals in contaminated habitat and reduce landscape-level transmission. Increasing the proportion of contaminated habitat causes host population declines from combined effects of toxicants and infection. The onset of host declines precedes an increase in the density of infected hosts in contaminated habitat and thus may serve as an early warning of increasing potential for zoonotic spillover in urbanizing landscapes. These results highlight how sublethal effects of toxicants can determine pathogen impacts on wildlife populations that may not manifest until landscape contamination is widespread.
Phytochemicals: Potential Therapeutic Interventions Against Coronavirus-Associated Lung Injury

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, millions of people have been infected and died worldwide. However, no drug has been approved for the treatment of this disease and its complications, which urges the need for finding novel therapeutic agents to combat. Among the complications due to COVID-19, lung injury has attained special attention. Besides, phytochemicals have shown prominent anti-inflammatory effects and thus possess significant effects in reducing lung injury caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Also, the prevailing evidence reveales the antiviral effects of those phytochemicals, including anti-SARS-CoV activity, which could pave the road in providing suitable lead compounds in the treatment of COVID-19. In the present study, candidate phytochemicals and related mechanisms of action have been shown in the treatment/protection of lung injuries induced by various methods. In terms of pharmacological mechanism, phytochemicals have shown potential inhibitory effects on inflammatory and oxidative pathways/mediators, involved in the pathogenesis of lung injury during COVID-19 infection. Also, a brief overview of phytochemicals with anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds has been presented.
A Review of Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Therapeutic Repurposing and Unmet Clinical Needs

For the initial phase of pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), repurposing drugs that in vitro inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been attempted with overlooked or overestimated efficacy owing to limited clinical evidence. Most early clinical trials have the defects of study design, small sample size, non-randomized design, or different timings of treatment initiation. However, well-designed studies on asymptomatic or mild, or pediatric cases of COVID-19 are scarce and desperately needed to meet the clinical need. However, a trend could be observed based on current clinical evidence. Remdesivir and favipiravir may shorten the recovery time; lopinavir/ritonavir does not demonstrate treatment efficacy in severe patients. Triple therapy of ribavirin, lopinavir, and interferon β-1b showed early viral negative conversion, and the major effect may be related to interferon. Some small sample-size studies showed that interleukin-6 inhibitors may demonstrate clinical improvement; non-critical patients may benefit from convalescent plasma infusion in small sample-size studies; and the role of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 remains unclear. Combination therapy of traditional Chinese medicine with antiviral agents (ex. interferon, lopinavir, or arbidol) may alleviate inflammation in severe COVID-19 patients based on small sample-sized observational studies and experts’ opinion. Most of the published studies included severe or critical patients with COVID-19. Combination therapy of antiviral agents and immune-modulating drugs is reasonable especially for those critical COVID-19 patients with cytokine release syndrome. Drugs to blunt cytokine release might not benefit for patients in the early stage with mild disease or the late stage with critical illness. Traditional Chinese medicine with antiviral effects on SARS-CoV-2 and immune-modulation is widely used for COVID-19 patients in China, and is worthy of further studies. In this review, we aim to highlight the available therapeutic options for COVID-19 based on current clinical evidence and encourage clinical trials specific for children and for patients with mild disease or at the early stage of COVID-19.
The role of blame-related action tendencies in the vulnerability to major depressive disorder

Background: Persisting self-blaming emotional biases were previously associated with vulnerability to major depressive disorder (MDD). More specifically self-contempt/disgust biases distinguished remitted MDD, compared with never-depressed control participants. The contribution of action tendencies to MDD vulnerability and their relationship with blame-related emotions to prepare for subsequent behaviour is elusive. Here, we investigated whether maladaptive action tendencies such as "creating a distance from oneself" and "hiding" are associated with MDD vulnerability, as well as with self-disgust/contempt and shame respectively. Methods: 76 participants with medication-free remitted MDD and 44 healthy control (HC) participants without a personal or family history of MDD completed the value-related moral sentiment task, which measured their blame-related emotions during hypothetical social interactions and a novel task to assess their blame-related action tendencies. Results: As predicted, the MDD group exhibited a higher proneness to feeling like hiding and creating a distance from themselves compared with the HC group. Interestingly, apologising for one's wrongdoing, was associated with all self-blaming emotions including shame, guilt, self-contempt/disgust and self-indignation, but was more common in HC. In contrast, apologising and perceiving to be in control of one's friend's wrongdoings were more common in MDD. Although shame was indeed associated with hiding, this was also true of guilt. Self-disgust/contempt was associated with attacking rather than creating a distance from oneself. Conclusions: MDD vulnerability was associated with specific maladaptive action tendencies which were not clearly predicted by the type of emotion, thus unveiling novel cognitive markers and neurocognitive treatment targets.