Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unusual Radar Echo from the Wake of Meteor Fireball in Nearly Horizontal Transits in the Summer Polar Lower-Thermosphere

The summer polar lower thermosphere (90–100 km) has an interesting connection to meteors, adjacent to the mesopause region attaining the lowest temperature in summer. Meteors supply condensation nuclei for charged ice particles causing polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSE). We report the observation of meteor trail with nearly horizontal transit at high speed (20–50 km/s), and at last with re-enhanced echo power followed by diffusive echoes. Changes in phase difference between radar receivers aligned in meridional and zonal directions are used to determine variations in horizontal displacements and speeds with respect to time by taking advantage of radar interferometric analysis. The actual transit of echo target is observed along the straight pathway vertically and horizontally extended as much as a distance of at least 24 km and at most 29 km. The meteor trail initially has a signature similar to ‘head echoes’, with travel speeds from 20 – 50 km/s. It subsequently transforms into a different type of echo target including specular echo and then finally the power reenhanced. The reenhancement of echo power is followed by fume-like diffusive echoes, indicating sudden release of plasma as like explosive process probably involved. We discuss a possible role of meteor-triggered secondary plasma trail, such as fireball embedded with electrical discharge that continuously varies the power and transit speed.
Identification and mapping of resistance genes for eyespot of wheat in Aegilops longissima

by Hongyan Sheng, Ph.D. Washington State University May 2011 Chair: Timothy D. Murray Eyespot of wheat, caused by two fungal pathogens Oculimacula yallundae and O. acuformis, produces elliptical lesions at the stem base that result in lodging of infected plants and yield losses up to 50% in commercial wheat fields. The objectives of this research were: 1) to identify potential new sources of resistance to O. yallundae and O. acuformis from a wild relative of wheat, Ae. longissima (2n = 14, S l S l ); and 2) to understand the genetic control of the resistance and map gene(s) in the S l genome by developing a genetic linkage map based on wheat microsatellite markers. Forty Ae. longissima accessions and 83 Ae. longissima addition or substitution lines in Chinese Spring or Selkirk background were evaluated for resistance to eyespot. Forty-three percent of the accessions were resistant to O. yallundae, 48% were resistant to O. acuformis, and 33% were resistant to both pathogens. This is the first evidence that Ae. longissima contains resistance to eyespot. Ae. longissima chromosomes 1S l , 2S l , 5S l , and 7S l contributed to the resistance for both O. yallundae and O. acuformis, and indicated that eyespot resistance was controlled by multiple regions of the S l genome. Differential resistance reactions to O. yallundae and O. acuformis were observed in 25% of Ae. longissima accessions and 39% addition or substitution lines.
Introduction to the polyamines

The best ebooks about Introduction To The Polyamines that you can get for free here by download this Introduction To The Polyamines and save to your desktop. This ebooks is under topic such as polyamines in plants: an overview jcellmolbiol introduction to the polyamines seymour s cohen polyamines and abiotic stress in plants: a complex polyamines as olfactory stimuli in the goldÃ ̄Â¬Â•sh carassius polyamines and cellular metabolism in plants: transgenic 81: ' # '7& *#8 & 9 intech introduction to purification nc state university chapter 5 polyamines contribution to the improvement of review higher polyamines restore and enhance metabolic a central role for polyamines in microtubule assembly in cells determining whether polyamines function as behavioral copyright by eric john montemayor 2008 do polyamines have roles in plant development? the effect of polyamines on vibrio cholerae virulence high-performance polyureas derived from new low identification of some of biologically active polyamines implication of polyamines in apoptosis of immunoresponse cells polyamines and stress: biological role, metabolism, and polyamines in microorganisms microbiology and molecular the development of polyamines throughout brassica rapa hplc analysis of polyamines in arabidopsis thaliana lines response of lime seedlings (citrus aurantifolia l) to palladium-catalyzed arylation of linear and cyclic polyamines* analyses of consumer perceptions, farmer challenges remaining mysteries of molecular biology: the role of polyamine alterations in isolated zucchini cotyledons chapter
A Study of Cell Polarity and Fate Specification in Early C. Elegans Embryos: A Dissertation

Asymmetric cell divisions constitute a basic foundation of animal development, providing a mechanism for placing specific cell types at defined positions in a developing organism. In a 4cell stage embryo in Caenorhabditis elegans the EMS cell divides asymmetrically to specify intestinal cells, which requires a polarizing signal from the neighboring P2 cell. Here we describe how the extracellular signal from P2 is transmitted from the membrane to the nucleus during asymmetric EMS cell division, and present the identification of additional components in the pathways that accomplish this signaling. P2/EMS signaling involves multiple inputs, which impinge on the Wnt, MAPK-like, and Src pathways. Transcriptional outputs downstream of these pathways depend on a homolog of βcatenin, WRM-1. Here we analyze the regulation of WRM-1, and show that the MAPK-like pathway maintains WRM-1 at the membrane, while its release and nuclear translocation depend on Wnt/Src signaling and sequential phosphorylation events by the major cell-cycle regulator CDK-1 and by the membrane-bound GSK-3 during EMS cell division. Our results provide novel mechanistic insights into how the signaling events at the cortex are coupled to the asymmetric EMS cell division through WRM-1.
Champignons comestibles de l'aire des forêts claires zambéziennes : approche nutritionnelle et écologique

Harvesting of sporophores and conducting inquiries amongst the villagers allowed to record 39 taxa of edible mushrooms. For each specimen, vemacular narres are noted and ecological data are presented. The phenological sequence for 26 of these fungi is also proposed for this region. Lastly, the food value of 9 commonly consumed species is evaluated on the basis of their amino acids and mineral composition.
Diel Movement and Vertical Distribution of Juvenile Anadromous Fish in Turbine Intakes

The behavior of fingerling salmonids was measured in turbine intakes of The Dalles and McNary Dams on the Columbia River to aid in developing methods for reduc ing fish mortality in Kaplan turbines. At The Dalles Dam, diel movement and vertical distribution were sampled at both ends and at the middle of the section of the powerhouse that housed turbines 1 through 12. At McNary Dam, vertical distribution was sampled in intake 12-C. located near the middle of the River channel. Comparisons of day-night occurrence at The Dalles Dam showed that most chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri), and ammocoetes of the Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tri dentata) were caught at night (7 p.m. to 7 a.m.). Vertical distribution studies at McNary and The Dalles Dams included catches of sockeye salmon (0. nerka) in addition to the above species. Salmonids were taken at
Seed micromorphology of central European Orobanche and Phelipanche (Orobanchaceae) in relation to preferred hosts and systematic implications

Abstract. Holoparasitic genera within family Orobanchaceae are characterised by greatly reduced vegetative organs; therefore, seed micromorphology has proved to be a useful complementary taxonomic criterion. Seeds of 160 samples from 54 localities of 26 taxa of the Orobanche and Phelipanche genera occurring in central Europe, specifically from Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria and Slovakia, supplemented by samples from Spain, France and Ukraine, were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Thirteen quantitative or qualitative morphological characters of seeds were analysed. The following three types of periclinal wall sculpture of seeds were identified: veined and fibrillar in Phelipanche; with oval or elliptic perforations (pitted) in almost all species of Orobanche; with outer periclinal wall smooth, granular or rugged (very rarely visibly pitted), impeding vision of the inner one, occurring only in O. gracilis Sm. and O. coerulescens Stephan in Willd. The influence of different hosts on the features of seeds of eight species is also presented, as well as relationships between seed morphology and taxonomic classification, including problematic taxa. The best diagnostic features include type of ornamentation of the periclinal wall, perforation diameter (in pitted sculpture), fibrillar diameter (in fibrillar sculpture) and width of anticlinal walls. Size and shape of the seeds and cells and the presence of median troughs are variable; however, these features can be helpful when using larger samples. The usefulness of micromorphological studies on seeds of Orobanche and Phelipanche is demonstrated.
COPII Specificity and the Regulation of Anterograde Transport for Planar Cell Polarity Proteins in Neural Tube Development

Author(s): Jensen, Devon Joseph | Advisor(s): Schekman, Randy W | Abstract: Anterograde transport in eukaryotic cells begins at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where cargo proteins that are synthesized at the ER, become packaged into small vesicles for transport to other compartments in the cell. The coat protein complex II (COPII) is a set of proteins responsible for selecting cargo destined to leave the ER, and forming these vesicles from the ER membrane. In mammalian cells, COPII proteins have diversified, as gene duplication events have created multiple paralogs for most of these COPII components. The COPII subunit Sec24 is thought to be the major cargo binding subunit, but the activity and specificity for each of its 4 paralogs in mammalian cells is unknown. Here I report on the discovery that a mutation in Sec24B leads to a major neural tube defect in mice. Neural tube defects are often the result of deficiencies in a tissue organization pathway called planar cell polarity. Using an in vitro reconstitution of COPII vesicle formation, I was able to identify a unique cargo protein that is packaged specifically by Sec24B, the planar cell polarity protein Vangl2. The study of Vangl2 has often centered on mice with specific point mutations called the looptail mutant mice. These mice have phenotypes commonly found associated with defects in planar cell polarity, but the cellular reason for these defects was unclear. I demonstrate that the looptail mutant Vangl2 protein is restricted to the ER and unable to be packaged into COPII vesicles. I further characterized the Vangl2 protein and its looptail mutant forms, identifying many more mutations that result in transport defects. I probed Vangl2 oligomerization, topology, folding status, and binding partners. These results establish a special role for Sec24B in mammalian development, specifically in the transport of Vangl2, and further illustrate the specificity of cargo protein recruitment and transport competence.
The regulation of myeloid cell survival : emerging roles for the pro-survival protein HAX1

1 Acknowledgements . 2 List of Figures . 12 Figure 4.12 Analysis of i114 embryos co-injected with hax1 and p53 MO 158 14 List of Abbreviations . 17 1 General introduction . 20 1.1 Immunity . 20 1.2 Inflammation . 20 1.2.1 Leukocyte recruitment . 20 1.2.2 Pattern recognition receptors . 21 1.3 PMN . 22 1.3.1 PMN terminal differentiation . 23 1.3.2 PMN migration to the site of infection/injury . 24 1.3. 3 The role of PMN in infection . 26 1.3. 3.1 PMN granule content and action against pathogens . 27 1.3. 3.2 PMN apoptosis . 27 1.4 Inflammation resolution. 29 1.5 PMN in disease . 31 1.5. 1 Inflammatory disease . 31 1.5. 2 Accelerated PMN apoptosis . 32 1.6 Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis . 33 1.6. 1 The extrinsic Apoptotic pathway . 33 1.6. 2 Intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathway . 34 1.6. 3 The regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by the Bcl-2 protein family . 35 1.6. 3.1 Pro-apoptotic proteins . 35 1.6. 3.2 Anti-apoptotic proteins. 36 1.7 HCLS-1 associated protein X1 (HAX1) . 38 1.7. 1 HAX1 genetic organization, transcription and conservation . 38 1.7. 2 Molecular and physiological roles of HAX1 protein . 41 1.7. 2.1 Domain structure, function and cellular localisation . 41 1.7. 2.2 HAX1 putative binding sites for RNA. 44
Comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping of children with renal disease

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly increased cardiovascular mortality. The reasons for this remain unclear, as the pathological effects of renal disease have not been well characterised. This is because current methods of assessment like echocardiography have significant limitations. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is the reference standard method for cardiovascular assessment. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to investigate the utility of CMR for the cardiovascular assessment of children with renal disease. Three separate studies were carried out to comprehensively characterise the cardiovascular phenotype in the following groups: pre-dialysis CKD, dialysis dependent CKD and renovascular hypertension. They were compared with a control group of healthy and essential hypertension children. All subjects underwent a CMR study with non-invasive blood pressure measurements. The protocol included novel sequences that assessed diastolic function and myocardial velocity, in addition to conventional measures. Between group ANOVA comparisons were performed as described; mild, moderate and severe pre-dialysis CKD (n=100) versus healthy children (n=20), Haemodialysis (n=9), peritoneal dialysis (n=8), pre-dialysis CKD stage 5 (n=10) versus healthy children (n=10), and renovascular hypertension (n=15), essential hypertension (n=15) versus healthy children (n=15). Blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were elevated while total arterial compliance was normal in all renal patients. There was also evidence of left ventricular remodelling without hypertrophy in pre-dialysis and renovascular children. Diastolic dysfunction was present in all renal patients. Systolic myocardial velocity was impaired only in CKD but not in renovascular hypertension. In conclusion, CMR offers valuable insight into the cardiovascular characteristics of renal disease. Hypertension in renal disease is predominantly secondary to elevated SVR. Diastolic impairment preceded left ventricular hypertrophy. Sub-clinical systolic dysfunction was also present in renal dysfunction. Further studies are warranted to investigate the future role of CMR for cardiovascular risk assessment in paediatric renal disease.
In Vivo Antifungal Activities of 57 Plant Extracts Against Six Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Methanol extracts of fresh materials of 57 plants were screened for in vivo antifungal activity against Magna-porthe grisea, Corticium sasaki, Botrytis cinerea, Phyto-phthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Among them, seven plant extracts showed disease-control efficacy of more than 90％ against at least one of six plant diseases. None of the plant extracts was highly active against tomato gray mold. The methanol extracts of Chloranthus japonicus (roots) (CjR) and Paulownia coreana (stems) (PcS) displayed the highest antifungal activity; the CjR extract controlled the development of rice blast, rice sheath blight, and wheat leaf rust more than 90％, and tomato gray mold and tomato late blight more than 80％. The PcS extract displayed control values of more than 90 ％ against rice blast, wheat leaf rust, and barley powdery mildew and more than 80％ against tomato gray mold. The extract of PcS also had a curative activity against rice sheath blight and that of CjR had a little curative activity against rice blast. On the other hand, the extract of Rumex acetocella roots reduced specifically the development of barley powdery mildew. Further studies on the characterization of antifungal substances in antifungal plant extracts are underway and their disease-control efficacy should be examined under greenhouse and field conditions.
β-Amyloid Peptide Activates α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes*

The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is highly expressed in hippocampus and in cholinergic projection neurons from the basal forebrain, structures that are particularly vulnerable to the ravages of Alzheimer's disease. Previous work suggests that β-amyloid peptide can interact with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, although the nature of this interaction has not been well characterized. To test whether β-amyloid peptide can activate α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, we expressed these receptors inXenopus oocytes and performed two-electrode voltage clamp recordings, characterizing the response to β-amyloid peptide 1–42 applied at concentrations ranging from 1 pm to 100 nm. In α7-expressing oocytes, β-amyloid peptide 1–42 elicits inward currents at low concentrations (1–100 pm), whereas at higher concentrations (nm), less effective receptor activation is observed, indicative of receptor desensitization. Preincubation with the α7-selective agents, the antagonist methyllycaconatine, and the agonist 4-OH-GTS-21 blocked β-amyloid peptide-induced receptor activation. β-amyloid peptide 1–42 at low concentrations was able to activate the L250T mutant α7 receptor. The endogenous Ca2+-activated chloride current inXenopus oocytes is recruited upon receptor activation since replacing Ca2+ with Ba2+ in the recording solution reduced current amplitude. Thus, when β-amyloid peptide activation of α7 receptors occurs, these currents are comprised, at least in part, of Ca2+.
CARCINOGENICITY OF MALATHION AND ESTROGEN IN AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MAMMARY GLAND MODEL

Breast cancer is considered a major and common health problem in both developing and developed countries. The etiology of breast cancer, the most frequent malignancy diagnosed in women in the western world, has 5 СИБИРСКИЙ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ. 2018; 17(4): 5–13 ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕдОВАНИя LABoRAToRY ANd ExpERIMENTAL STUdIES Gloria M. Calaf, gmc24@cumc.columbia. edu
FIRST EVIDENCE ON DIFFERENCES IN MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF SUCCESSFULLY CROWDFUNDED EUROPEAN PROJECTS VIA STARTNEXT AND KICKSTARTER PLATFORMS

This study provides an overview of major characteristics of over 14,000 European projects successfully funded by crowds on the platforms Startnext and Kickstarter. Results suggest that the number of crowd supporters and in direct consequence funding significantly differ for most project categories when comparing these donation and reward based platforms. In particular, projects from the categories food, journalism, music and video projects differ significantly in every dimension. Design, games and technology related projects launched on Startnext and Kickstarter have a comparable funding goal, but reach in significantly shorter campaign duration significantly higher number of supporters on Kickstarter. Comics and photography projects showed similar funding goals and funding amounts, while project founders in the categories art and theater reach higher funding on Startnext. Overall, the comparison of successfully funded European projects from two important platforms reveals relevant differences, thus, understanding them is key for regionally and internationally acting investors, SMEs, founders and their advisors.
Presence of IS/1494/06 genotype-related infectious bronchitis virus in breeder and broiler flocks in Turkey

Bu calismada H120 susu ile asilanmis 2 broyler ve 8 damizlik surude infeksiyoz bronsit supheli problemlere rastlanmis 2 suruye ait 60 broyler tavuktan (30 svap/suru) ve 8 suruye ait 160 damizlik tavuktan (20 svap/suru) ozellikle solunum bulgulari ile nefrit lezyonlari gosterenlerden toplam 220 trakeal svap infeksiyoz bronsit virusu (IBV)’nu reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ile belirlemek ve IBV’yi izole etmek amaci ile alindi. IBV’nin trakeal svap orneklerinden direkt olarak RT-PCR ile deteksiyonu embryolu yumurtalarin allantoik sivilarindan IBV izolasyonu ve bu orneklerden RT-PCR yapilmasi ile dogrulandi. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) sonuclari 8 Turk izolatinin EU780077 (IS/1494/06 IBV susu) ile %99 benzerlik gosterdigini ortaya koydu. Broyler suruden TR_IS1494_06_B12011 ve damizlik suruden TR_1494_06_7201 olarak secilen temsili iki izolatin dizilerinin filogenetik ve siralama analizleri de IS/1494/06 IBV genotipine yakinligi dogruladi. Sonuc olarak, Turkiye’de IBV H120 susu ile asilamaya ragmen IB’den korunamayan tavuklardan ilk defa izole edilmesi ve IS/1494/06 olarak genotiplendirilmesi bu IBV’nin Orta Dogu ulkelerinden tasinma olasiligini akla getirmektedir
Molecular detection of NDV by Real-Time PCR in Baghdad

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is widely spread in Iraqi chicken that is associated with notable economic losses. Current study was carried out to identify NDV in the North of Baghdad by employing a Molecular methods based on the Real-Time PCR technique, the primers and the probe also were designed based on the conserved fragment coding matrix protein(M gene). These genes of virus show the highest level of conservation, and therefore the test is adaptable for detection of NDV. In the current study, 14 clinically suspicious birds believed to be infected with ND, had been chosen from 14 different commercial poultry farms in various areas of North Baghdad brought to the Aurok and Al-Emad Lab. Baghdad/ Iraq. The infected birds were examined and the tissue samples collected from ceca tonsils, spleens, trachea, lungs and brains of each farm. These samples were submitted to examination directly by Real-time PCR. The Results of the samples collected from 14 poultry flocks were showed positive results in ten samples with the SYBR Green I real-time PCR and the other 4 flocks failed to show any positive results with both gene primers.
Distribution and Growth of Bacteria in the Hypertrophic Lake Shiwha

Distribution of bacterial abundance and production was investigated during October, 1995-August, 1996 in Lake Shiwha constructed artificially in 1994. Its water column was distinguished by two layers: the brackish surface layer with salinity ranged from 6 to 20‰ and the saline hypoxic/anoxic bottom layer with salinity of 17 to 27‰ Except for samples collected in March, 1996 (on average 13 ), chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 27.6 to 249.5 in the euphotic zone, indicating the hypertrophic condition of Lake Shiwha during most of the studied period. In this study, bacterial productions measured by -thymidine incorporation method were similar to those by -leucine incorporation method. In hypertrophic, surface waters of Lake Shiwha, bacterial abundance and production ranged from 1.4 to and from 1.6 to respectively; 2 to 4 fold and 2 to 30 fold higher than those in eutrophic coastal waters outside of Lake Shiwha, respectively. Turnover times of bacterial community in the surface layer of Lake Shiwha ranged from 0.2 to 8.9 day, indicating that bacteria in the lake seemed to adapt to the hypertrophic condition. In the hypoxic bottom layer, bacterial abundance and production was up to 3 fold and 20 fold lower than those in the surface layer, and showed slow bacterial growth. Significant correlations between the bacterial abundance, production, and community turnover time with water temperature indicate water temperature was the important factor controlling distribution and growth of bacteria. However, during summer season, bacterial production seemed to be regulated by supply of substrates.