Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconsidering evidence-based management of endometriosis

Background Without an adequate animal model permitting experiments the pathophysiology of endometriosis remains unclear and without a non-invasive diagnosis, information is limited to symptomatic women. Lesions are macroscopically and biochemically variable. Hormonal medical therapy cannot be blinded when recognised by the patient and the evidence of extensive surgery is limited because of the combination of low numbers of interventions of variable difficulty with variable surgical skills. Experience is spread among specialists in imaging, medical therapy, infertility, pain and surgery. In addition, the limitations of traditional statistics and P-values to interpret results and the complementarity with Bayesian inference should be realised. Objectives To review and discuss evidence in endometriosis management Materials and Methods A PubMed search for blinded randomised controlled trials in endometriosis. Results Good-quality evidence is limited in endometriosis. Conclusions Clinical experience remains undervalued especially for surgery. What is new? Evidence-based medicine should integrate traditional statistical analysis and the limitations of P-values, with the complementary Bayesian inference which is predictive and sequential and more like clinical medicine. Since clinical experience is important for grading evidence, specific experience in the different disciplines of endometriosis should be used to judge trial designs and results. Finally, clinical medicine can be considered as a series of experiments controlled by the outcome. Therefore, the clinical opinion of many has more value than a personal opinion.
Communication Triple-Mode Planar Phased Arrays of Antennas Using Trifocal Rotman Lens as Switchable Mode-Former for Vehicular Radar Applications

A trimode phased array of antennas is presented for vehicular radar applications to provide both short- and long-distance coverages, which radiates various gains and beamwidths at different modes of coverage. The mode forming network is realized by applying the concept of a trifocal Rotman lens beamforming network (RL-BFN), where its beam ports serve as a mode selector. This approach first computes the required excitation phases for the desired radiation patterns at different modes. They are then used to design the trimode RL-BFN such that its outputs produce precisely the desired mode excitation phases. A practical transmitting (TX) antenna array at the 77 GHz band is presented with numerical simulations and measurements of an antenna prototype to validate the conceptual feasibility.
Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease Associated with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

The awareness on ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women with dysmenorrhea is insufficient. We utilized the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan to evaluate this relationship. From the claims data, we established a cohort of women aged 15–50 years with primary dysmenorrhea diagnosed from 2000 to 2008 (n = 18,455) and a comparison cohort (n = 36,910) without dysmenorrhea, frequency matched by age and diagnosis date. Both cohorts were followed until the end of 2013 to assess IHD events. With 75% of study population aged 15–29 years, the incidence of IHD was greater in the dysmenorrheal cohort than in the comparison cohort (1.93 versus 1.18 per 10,000 person-years), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38–1.85). The incidence increased with age and the rate of increase was greater in the dysmenorrheal cohort than the comparison cohort. Nested case-control analysis in the dysmenorrhea cohort showed that IHD risk was also associated with hypertension and arrhythmia, with adjusted odds ratios of 2.50 (95% CI = 1.64–3.81) and 3.30 (95% CI = 2.25–4.86), respectively. Women with dysmenorrhea are at a higher risk of developing IHD, particularly for older patients and patients with comorbidity.
Petrified Chemical Gardens

: Chemical gardens are tubular structures that consist of inorganic precipitate membranes formed under far-from-equilibrium conditions. Their possible existence in natural geological settings complicates the differentiation between Earth’s earliest microfossils and abiotic structures as well as the search for life signatures on other planets. Here we address the question whether laboratory-grown chemical gardens can withstand encapsulation in a slowly forming inorganic matrix. We report high-temperature conditions for which FeCl 3 -derived chemical gardens persist for several months allowing the surrounding silicate solution to solidify. This crystallization typically starts on the surface of the chemical gardens, slowly embeds them within spheroidal globules, and finally spreads across the entire system to create a rock-like sample with the preserved chemical garden as a complex inclusion. We show that the initially solution-filled interior of the tube also undergoes solidification with minor amounts of iron present. The main matrix material is identified as polycrystalline sodium silicate hexahydrate. The results can be compared with enigmatic mineral tubules preserved in some natural geological settings (e
Frequency of tobacco use and the attitudes of health professions students on tobacco use in Montenegro: Global health professions student survey in Montenegro

Introduction: Health professionals play a significant role in advising patients on the harmful effects of tobacco on human health and on the ways of abandoning this bad habit. However, tobacco consumption is also a challenge for health professionals themselves, as well as for medical students. Aim: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of smoking among students of health sciences in Montenegro, as well as to examine their attitudes related to tobacco control mechanisms. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the Global Health Professions Student Survey, which was conducted by the Ministry of Health of Montenegro, in the period between October 2010 and March 2011. Results: In the 30 days preceding the survey, 25% of respondents had used tobacco. During the year preceding the survey, 38% smokers had consumed cigarettes on school premises. Of the respondents, 44.6% of smokers and 52.9% of non-smokers had been taught on the subject of the importance of providing educational material to patients, as a form of support to smoking cessation, but only 35% of smokers and 28% of non-smokers had received formal training on how to instruct patients to give up smoking. A total of 63.7% smokers and 81.7% non-smokers (p < 0.001) expressed the belief that health professionals who smoked cigarettes were less suited to advise patients on smoking cessation. There was a 70% lower probability that sixth year students would support the above stated attitude. Also, there was a 40% lower probability that the same attitude would be supported by students who felt that smoking in restaurants should not be banned in restaurants, and a 50% lower probability that this attitude would be supported by those students who believed that health workers do not need special training in smoking cessation techniques. Conclusion: The study showed that it was necessary to improve the curricula at health sciences faculties and improve formal training on the harmful effects of tobacco on human health, as well as to improve the training for acquiring evidence-based smoking cessation skills, which would have an indirect effect of reducing tobacco use among students.
PRODUCTION OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM LOCAL ISOLATES OF Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae

Fourteen local isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae were isolated from root nodules of Vicia faba plants collected from agricultural soils of different regions of Nineveh Governorate/Iraq. Six isolates with mucoid colonies were selected as follows: WS14, WS15, WS18, WS21. , WS23 and WS26. These local isolates were incubated for periods 1, 2, 3 and 4 days. Dry biomass weight and exopolysaccharide (EPS) (g/L) were recorded. Results revealed that WS18 isolate was the best among the six mentioned isolates of R. leguminosarum biovar viciae , which it gave the maximum production of EPS (6.31 g/L) after two days of incubation. Maximum dry biomass w1.22 g/L after three days of incubation by the same isolate. The effect of addition of different carbon sources to yeast extract mannitol (YEM) broth medium on EPS production by WS18 isolate showed that mannitol, as carbon source was the best for production of EPS (6.36 g/L), after two days of incubation. Two percent was the optimal concentration of mannitol which supported the maximum production of EPS (9.67 g/L) after two days of incubation. The effect of addition of different nitrogen sources at 0.10 % concentration to YEM broth medium (supplement with 2.0 % mannitol) revealed that NaNO 3 gave the best production which reached to 12.94 g/L after two days of incubation. The effective concentration of NaNO 3 support the maximum production was 0.1 %.
Multi-photon Decays of the Higgs Boson in Standard Model: Leading Terms from Heisenberg-Euler Effective Lagrangian

We calculate the multi-photon decay widths of the Higgs boson from an effective Lagrangian for a system of electromagnetic and Higgs fields. We utilize a low-energy theorem to connect the above Lagrangian to the Heisenberg-Euler effective Lagrangian induced by charged particles that gain mass from interactions with the Higgs boson. In the standard model only the W^\pm gauge bosons and the top quark are relevant, and we compute their contributions to the effective couplings and the multi-photon decay widths of the Higgs boson.
Galaxy-dark matter structure relations in the standard cosmological model

Recent galaxy redshift surveys have provided us with large data of the galaxy distribution in the Universe. Such data enables us to measure various statistics including two-point statistics even for subsamples of galaxies classified by galactic properties. The observational results give us valuable clues to unveil galaxy formation and evolution through the cosmic time. Also the underlying dark matter distribution which contains wealth of cosmological information can be inferred from the observed galaxy distribution in the large-scale. Together with other cosmological observations, e.g., the cosmic microwave background measurements and the supernovae surveys, we can put tight constraints on cosmological parameters and make the the Λ-dominated, cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model more precise. Thus the galaxy redshift surveys play an important role in the field of cosmology. The well-established ΛCDM model gives us a clear way to generate initial conditions of the dark matter (DM) distribution at sufficiently early epochs of the Universe. Using numerical simulations based on the ΛCDM cosmology, we can predict evolution of the DM distribution and properties of DM structures which are called halos and believed to host galaxies in the real Universe. However the relationships between the real galaxies and the simulated DM structures are still unclear and stand as a major uncertainty for cosmological interpretation of galaxy clustering measurements. To make use of the full potential of current data and larger data from upcoming deeper and wider-area surveys, it is clearly required to model the galaxy-halo connection accurately. Simultaneously, examining the galaxy-dark matter halo connection would be a key to explore the galaxy formation and evolution history since observed snapshots of the galaxy distribution in different epochs can be connected within the cosmological simulations. This thesis is aimed at studying the relationships between the real galaxies and the simulated DM distribution and halos in the standard ΛCDM cosmological model. In the first part (chapters 2 and 3), we address the distribution of material around galaxies. We show that the ΛCDM model based-cosmological simulations well recover an observed average mass distribution around galaxies obtained through the gravitational lensing technique. We further employ simulation data to explore the mass distribution beyond the halos’ virial radius and show DM halos do not have definite edges. We also study amount of mass beyond the virial radius of galactic halos to discuss the “missing dark matter problem”. And then, we extend the discussion for the mass distribution to the dust distribution. We develop a simple
Correlation functions of three-dimensional Yang-Mills theory from Dyson-Schwinger equations

The two- and three-point functions and the four-gluon vertex of three-dimensional Yang-Mills theory are calculated from their Dyson-Schwinger equations and the three-particle irreducible effective action. Within a self-contained truncation, various effects of truncating Dyson-Schwinger equations are studied. Estimates for the errors induced by truncations are derived from comparisons between results from different equations, comparisons with lattice results, and varying higher Green functions. The results indicate that the two-loop diagrams are important in the gluon propagator, where they are explicitly calculated, but not for the vertices. Furthermore, the influence of the four-gluon vertex on lower Green functions is found to be small.
ON THE HOST GALAXY OF GRB 150101B AND THE ASSOCIATED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the host galaxy of short-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) 150101B. Follow-up optical and X-ray observations suggested that the host galaxy, 2MASX J12320498-1056010, likely harbors low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our modeling of the spectral energy distribution has confirmed the nature of the AGN, making it the first reported GRB host that contains an AGN. We have also found the host galaxy is a massive elliptical galaxy with stellar population of ∼5.7 Gyr, one of the oldest among the short-duration GRB hosts. Our analysis suggests that the host galaxy can be classified as an X-ray bright, optically normal galaxy, and the central AGN is likely dominated by a radiatively inefficient accretion flow. Our work explores an interesting connection that may exist between GRB and AGN activities of the host galaxy, which can help in understanding the host environment of the GRB events and the roles of AGN feedback.
Can Gauss‐Newton Algorithms Outperform Stochastic Optimization Algorithms When Calibrating a Highly Parameterized Hydrological Model? A Case Study Using SWAT

The calibration of highly parameterized hydrological models is a major computational challenge, especially for models with long run times. This challenge motivates the reconsideration of gradient‐based algorithms often overlooked for their perceived lack of robustness. Our study evaluates two Gauss‐Newton algorithms, robust Gauss‐Newton (RGN), and Levenberg‐Marquardt (PEST), and two stochastic algorithms, Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE), and Dynamically Dimensioned Search (DDS), on a 38‐parameter SWAT model calibration problem. Algorithm performance is comprehensively assessed using trajectory plots from 100 invocations and by analyzing the distribution of estimated optima at fixed budgets of 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, and 5,000 objective function evaluations (model runs). Empirical results indicate that: (a) Gauss‐Newton algorithms are more likely than stochastic algorithms to locate good solutions for the budgets considered in this work, and more likely to locate satisfactory solutions when budget is tight (200–500 model runs) and (b) RGN shows the fastest initial convergence amongst the algorithms under consideration and has the highest chance of finding satisfactory solutions when the budget is tight. The results indicate that Gauss‐Newton algorithms offer an attractive choice for the calibration of highly parameterized hydrological models.
Vaccines for Bovine Mastitis are Safe and Efficacious in Laboratory Animals

Mastitis is the most costly disease of dairy cattle and poses colossal economic losses to the farming community worldwide. The role of vaccination in controlling mastitis is of paramount importance and significantly reduces the use of antimicrobial agents. This study aimed at preparing and evaluating inactivated polyvalent mastitis vaccines containing bovine origin Staphylococcus aureus ( tst ), Streptococcus uberis ( cpn-60 targeted STUB ), and Escherichia coli ( aggR ) in a rabbit model. Four types of mastitis vaccines viz. formalin-inactivated plain polyvalent mastitis vaccine (FPPV), formalin-inactivated montanide adjuvanted polyvalent mastitis vaccine (FMPV), formalin-inactivated aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted polyvalent mastitis vaccine (FAPV), and formalin-inactivated montanide plus aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted mastitis vaccine (FMAPV) were prepared after confirmation for antigenicity and immunogenicity and evaluated for safety, side effects, challenge protection assay, sterility and humoral response in laboratory animals. Safety test showed no general adverse reactions to the vaccines when injected either into mice or rabbits or cow calves. Challenge protection studies revealed a significantly higher survival rate in vaccinated mice and rabbits compared to placebo groups. None of the vaccines when streaked onto culture media showed any growth indicating sterility of the vaccines. Repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare mean O.D values of treatment groups for evaluation of humoral immunity. Serum ELISA O.D values against S. aureus (tst), Str. uberis (cpn-60 STUB) and E. coli (aggR) in vaccinated groups randomly inoculated i/m at thigh region @ 0.2 ml per rabbit were significantly higher ( p <0.05) compared to control. Likewise, the humoral immune response of FAPV was highest followed in order by FMPV, FMAPV, and FPPV. It was concluded that newly-prepared polyvalent mastitis vaccines were safe to use, protective, and elicited a significant humoral immune response in rabbits.
Business Sustainability Through Technology Adoption: Readiness and Acceptance of E-commerce Technology in MSMEs

The digital economy requires all countries to participate in preparing for digital transformation. As a country in Southeast Asia, Indonesia must prepare for the era of global competition. In 2020, the Indonesian government launched a digital transformation program with the vision of the ”Largest Digital Economy. ” The digitalization of micro and small businesses in Indonesia is experiencing a slowdown due to the difficulty in adopting technology by MSME actors, and partly because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus of this research emphasizes the impact of the readiness of micro, small, and medium enterprises as individual decision-makers on the adoption of marketing technology. The Readiness Acceptance Model (TRAM) technology developed by Lin et al. (2007) utilized in this study explains that the impact of individual characteristics and experiences on their use and usefulness dominates the marketing technology decision-making process. The population of this study includes the micro, small, and medium enterprises in the Sukabumi area with 220 respondents as business actors. The method used is path analysis. The results show that the effect of technological readiness of MSME actors in Sukabumi on the acceptance of e-commerce carriers and technological know-how are influenced by the mindset of optimism, innovation, and discomfort, which have a big impact on the perception of ease of use (PEU) and the perception of usefulness (PU). The PEU has a massive impact on perceived advantages (PU) and the PU and PEU both have a significant positive impact on the intention to use. Keywords: technology readiness, technology acceptance model, e-commerce, UMKM
HALL-EFFECT-CONTROLLED GAS DYNAMICS IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS. I. WIND SOLUTIONS AT THE INNER DISK

The gas dynamics of protoplanetary disks (PPDs) is largely controlled by non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects including Ohmic resistivity, the Hall effect, and ambipolar diffusion. Among these the role of the Hall effect is the least explored and most poorly understood. In this series, we have included, for the first time, all three non-ideal MHD effects in a self-consistent manner to investigate the role of the Hall effect on PPD gas dynamics using local shearing-box simulations. In this first paper, we focus on the inner region of PPDs, where previous studies (Bai & Stone 2013; Bai 2013) excluding the Hall effect have revealed that the inner disk up to ∼10 AU is largely laminar, with accretion driven by a magnetocentrifugal wind. We confirm this basic picture and show that the Hall effect modifies the wind solutions depending on the polarity of the large-scale poloidal magnetic field threading the disk. When , the horizontal magnetic field is strongly amplified toward the disk interior, leading to a stronger disk wind (by ∼50% or less in terms of the wind-driven accretion rate). The enhanced horizontal field also leads to much stronger large-scale Maxwell stress (magnetic braking) that contributes to a considerable fraction of the wind-driven accretion rate. When , the horizontal magnetic field is reduced, leading to a weaker disk wind (by ≲ 20%) and negligible magnetic braking. Under fiducial parameters, we find that when , the laminar region extends farther to ∼10–15 AU before the magnetorotational instability sets in, while for , the laminar region extends only to ∼3–5 AU for a typical accretion rate of ∼10−8 to10−7 M☉ yr−1. Scaling relations for the wind properties, especially the wind-driven accretion rate, are provided for aligned and anti-aligned field geometries.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF MAIZE INBRED LINES BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HETEROSIS

In any breeding program, the creation of high-yielding maize hybrids with the best possible heterosis expression depends on the genetic diversity of the parental inbred lines. This study aimed to quantify the genetic diversity of eight inbred lines of maize using morphological features and determine the relationship between heterosis in grain yield per hectare and distance matrices of morphological variables. The principal component analysis (PCA) determined the morphological genetic diversity among the eight inbred lines based on 22 variables. The study assessed heterosis in their diallel crossings in a two-year field experiment utilizing a randomized complete block design with three replications. The dissimilarity Euclidean coefficients among the eight maize inbred lines ranged from 0.08 (between L21 and L28) to 0.69 (between L21 and IL80), with an average of 0.38. The results revealed that dissimilarity values based on morphological traits showed a low, positive, and non-significant relationship with mid-parent heterosis, better-parent heterosis, and mean grain yield ha-1. To fully comprehend the genetic diversity of maize inbred lines, an extensive analysis of a vast collection of inbred lines from various populations using a variety of morphological traits is necessary.