COVID-19 and Guillain-Barre Syndrome: a systematic review of case reports The Effects of Online Homeschooling on Children, Parents, and Teachers of Grades 1-9 During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a neurological autoimmune disease that can lead to respiratory failure and death Whether COVID-19 patients are at high risk of GBS is unknown Through a systematic review of case reports, we aimed to summarize the main features of patients with GBS and COVID-19 Methods: Without any restrictions, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Web of Science and MedXriv (April 23 rd, 2020) Two reviewers screened and studied titles, abstracts and reports We extracted information to characterize sociodemographic variables, clinical presentation, laboratory results, treatments and outcomes Results: Eight reports (n=12 patients) of GBS and COVID-19 were identified;one was a Miller Fisher case The age ranged between 23 and 77 years, and there were more men (9/102) GBS symptoms started between 5 and 24 days after those of COVID-19 The protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid samples ranged between 40 and 193 mg/dl None of the cerebrospinal fluid samples tested positive for COVID-19 Six patients debuted with ascendant weakness and three with facial weakness Five patients had favourable evolution, four remained with relevant symptoms or required critical care and one died;the Miller Fisher case had successful resolution Conclusions: GBS is emerging as a disease that may appear in COVID-19 patients Although limited, preliminary evidence appears to suggest that GBS occurs after COVID-19 onset Practitioners and investigators should have GBS in mind as they look after COVID-19 patients and conduct research on novel aspects of COVID-19 Comparison with GBS patients in the context of another viral outbreak (Zika), revealed similarities and differences that deserves further scrutiny and epidemiological studies BACKGROUND Beginning in the 2020 spring semester, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all school-age children in China were homeschooled via live/recorded broadcasts, online group communication, and software-based homework submission This study assessed the effects of and proper preparation for this educational approach MATERIAL AND METHODS The homeschooling behaviors and feelings of school-age children were assessed with 2010 online surveys obtained separately from students, parents, and teachers of grades 1-9 in 15 Chinese provinces Answers were compared among low- (grades 1-3), middle- (grades 4-6), and high- (grades 7-9) grade groups The chi-square test was used to identify significant differences between groups RESULTS We found that 76% of the respondents thought the homeschooling style was acceptable However, teachers were concerned that students' interest, focus, and academic performance would decline Sixty-nine percent of the parents reported their children had more than 3 hours of daily screen time, and 82% of students had less than 2 hours of daily outdoor activity Ninety-five percent of the parents were concerned about their children's eyesight Additionally, 17 6% of the students were suspected to have emotional or behavioral problems according to the parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) results The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) results of parents and teachers showed higher levels of anxiety than usual CONCLUSIONS Students should continue the going-to-school rhythm at home to cope with changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic Integrated grade-specific approaches are needed Because long screen time and insufficient outdoor activities can severely affect children's eyesight, appropriate eye-protection measures should be implemented