Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Dexa Scan Application in Uremic Patients on Hemodialysis in Ibn-Sina Hemodialysis Center

Background: Chronic kidney disease is an international public health problem affecting 5– 10% of the world population. As kidney function declines, there is a progressive deterioration in mineral homeostasis, with a disruption of normal serum and tissue concentrations of phosphorus and calcium. Objective: To determine the effect on bone density by dexa scan and mineral derangement in chronic renal failure, by measuring calicium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid serum ,total serum protein and Albumin levels and to determine bone density by dexa scan of bones. Patients and Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in 75 patients with chronic renal failure . Blood was taken before dialysis session and measurements of serum calcium, phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, . protein and albumin levels, and dexa scan to measure the bone density in these patients. Results: There was a significant correlation between Hypocalcemia and dexa scan results. Majority of patients had high serum phosphate levels (54.6%). and normal phosphate level in 40% while the hypophosphatemia result 5.33% and mean phosphate level is2.24 mmol/l. Total serum protein mean is 61.51 , 37.33% of them had hypoproteinemia and 62.66 % of them had normal serum protein. There was a significant correlation between dexa scan and vit D level, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, female gender, smoking and body mass index. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that it can predict the chronic kidney diseasesMetabolic bone disorder from mineral levels before diagnosis by dexa scan.
Selective Decrease in Circulating Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT Cells During HIV Type 1 Infection1

CD1d-restricted NKT cells express an invariant TCR and have been demonstrated to play an important regulatory role in a variety of immune responses. Invariant NKT cells down-regulate autoimmune responses by production of type 2 cytokines and can initiate antitumor and antimicrobial immune responses by production of type 1 cytokines. Although defects in the (invariant) Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cell population have been observed in patients with cancer and autoimmune diseases, little is known regarding the protective role of Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells in human infectious disease. In a cross-sectional study in HIV-1-infected individuals, we found circulating numbers of Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells to be reduced, independent of CD4+ T cell counts, CD4:CD8 ratios, and viral load. Because a small minority of Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells of healthy donors expressed HIV-1 (co)receptors and the vast majority of Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells in HIV-1-infected individuals expressed the Fas receptor, the depletion was more likely due to Fas-mediated apoptosis than to preferential infection of Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells by HIV-1. A longitudinal cohort study, in which patients were analyzed before seroconversion and 1 and 5 years after seroconversion, demonstrated that a large proportion of the depletion occurred within the first year postseroconversion. In this longitudinal study no evidence was found to support an important role of Vα24+Vβ11+ NKT cells in determining the rate of progression during HIV-1 infection.
Combining Individual and Collective Employee Incentives to Enhance Organizational Performance

A large body of literature provides empirical evidence of a positive relationship between reward practices and performance. However, little has been said about different combinations of individual and group incentives as drivers of organizational competitiveness. This paper examines bundles of nine individual and group PFP practices and their joint effect on selected financial and non-financial indicators of organizational performance (OP). Our empirical research study included 61 middleand large-sized companies in Croatia in order to analyze the aforementioned relationships. The categorical principal component analysis generated two factors of PFP practices that were subsequently used as independent variables in a multiple regression analysis. The first PFP bundle consisted of individual subjectively-based bonus and two shared-ownership practices and was found to positively influence non-financial indicators of OP, i.e. quality of services or products and innovativeness. The second factor consisted of individual performance appraisal and profit-sharing and it positively influenced financial indicators of OP, i.e. productivity and, to a lesser extent, profitability. Implications for theory and practice are also discussed.
Tissue distribution of selected microRNA in Atlantic salmon

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate numerous fundamental biological functions. So far miRNAs have only been identified in few commercially important fish species. Similarly to messenger RNA (mRNA) expression analysis, miRNA qPCR analysis requires thoroughly investigated endogenous controls. In this paper, we have in a pilot study investigated miRNAs in Atlantic salmon (liver, heart, brain, kidney, spleen, intestine, gill, white, and red muscle) by qPCR analysis. The expression of seven putative endogenous control genes (ssa-let-7a, ssa-miR-16a, ssa-miR-16b, ssa-miR-194a, ssa-miR-22a, ssa-miR22b, and ssa-miR-27c) was examined with regard to their tissue distribution and use as endogenous controls microRNA expression studies. The candidates for endogenous controls were selected as they had been reported by others to be evenly expressed among tissues. The most suitable endogenous control was miR-27c in this study. Further the expression of ssa-miR 26b, ssa-miR-92a-1, ssa-miR-122, ssa-miR-722, ssa-miR-21-1, and ssa-miR-143-1 were investigated and tissue specific expression of all miRNAs except ssa-miR194a were found. The expression of sss-miR-122 and ssa-miR-722 were specific for liver, ssa-miR-26b mostly expressed in brain and ssa-miR143-1 mostly expressed in gill and kidney. This study has provided information of endogenous control genes and has also identified tissue specific expression of miRNAs in Atlantic salmon. Further investigation of endogenous control genes target genes in response to treatment would increase the knowledge of the role of miRNAs in Atlantic salmon.
Screening methods and sources of resistance to rust and late leaf spot of groundnut. Information Bulletin no. 47

Rust and late leaf spot are the most serious fungal diseases of groundnut worldwide, and can cause severe yield losses, particularly when they occur together. This Bulletin describes simple and effective field screening methods to identify genotypes with resistance to these diseases. Production of inoculum, sowing and inoculation of test genotypes, and disease assessment in the field, using a 1-9 scale, are discussed. These methods were used dUring 1977-89 to evaluate ICRISAT's world collection of over 12 000 groundnut accessions. Several reliable sources of resistance to rust and/or late leaf spot were identified, and are listed here-124 lines resistant to rust, 54 lines resistant to late leaf spot, and 29 lines with combined resistance. An extensive bibliography is also presented, for those who require more detailed information on specific aspects of the diseases.
Understanding barriers towards the use of food labels among Saudi female college students

Introduction: A food label is an important tool that provides nutritional information which influences consumers by promoting awareness on their diet and improving health status. This study aimed to assess nutrition knowledge level, food label usage, and the barriers that hinder the use of food labels among students in Health Colleges at the Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Health College students at PNU in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). A total of 572 participants were interviewed through a validated questionnaire on social demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge level, food label use, and barriers that hinder food label use. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 21), with statistical significance set at p-value <0.05. Results: Only 27.4% of the participants stated that they always or usually use food labels when purchasing food products. Majority of the participants (59.4%) had moderate nutrition knowledge. Factors significantly associated to food label use were nutrition knowledge (R2=0.21), attitude towards health value of the products (R2=0.35), and taste (R2=-0.22). About 41.0% of the participants indicated that time constraint was the main barrier for not using food labels, followed by no interest (31.3%), no need (27.8%), and difficult to use (24.8%). Conclusion: This study found that food label use was low among the participants. Nutrition knowledge supported food label use while time constraint was the main barrier that hindered the use of food label among them. Raising students’ nutrition knowledge level through nutrition education programmes could promote food label use.
Etude phylogénétique biogéographique et écologique des Grylloidea néotropicaux (Insectes Orthoptères)

Le travail presente porte sur les grylloidea neo-tropicaux (insectes, orthopteres). Groupe mal connu au niveau mondial, et plus particulierement en region ne tropicale, les grylloidea constituent pourtant un vaste ensemble, occupant tous les biotopes, et couvrant toutes les strates de l'ecosysteme forestier. Les axes de recherche prospectes concernent la phylogenie, la biogeographie et l'ecologie, conformement a la demarche preconisee par Simpson (1965), et reprise depuis par des auteurs plus recents (blondel, 1979), pour l'analyse des faunes regionales. Le but recherche est de cerner, par la synthese des donnees acquises dans ces domaines, la structure systematique et ecologique de la faune etudiee, ainsi que sa dynamique evolutive. Le travail de terrain a ete realise en Amazonie peruvienne (etude d'une succession forestiere apres culture sur brulis) et en Guyane francaise. Les resultats obtenus apportent une connaissance approfondie de la faune neo-tropicale de grylloidea (phylogenie et classification; presentation des familles, de leur evolution interne et des indications actuellement reunies sur leur repartition et leur ecologie). Ils en fournissent d'autre part une vision structuree, traduisant le haut niveau d'organisation atteint par la faune au cours de son histoire. L'une des conclusions essentielles, outre la rythmicite des modifications des peuplements tout au long de la succession, est que la structure phyletique de la faune sous-tend son organisation ecologique
Museums and Coping with Overtourism

Newer strains of tourism research are often aimed at finding out good practices for dealing with overtourism and propose a broader understanding of stakeholders of sustainable tourism development. Drawing on qualitative empirical findings from two institutions located in major tourism hubs in Poland, the authors inquire to what extent negative impacts of overtourism can be mitigated by museums. As the findings indicate, museums provide the commercial sector with good examples of conservation and adaptation of historic buildings to contemporary functions and encourage environmentally friendly behaviors. They can contribute to the quality of heritage narration and the quality of merchandise offered to tourists. They may have an impact on community cohesion and local residents’ quality of life as well as encourage immaterial heritage practices. Lastly, museums may exert indirect impact on transformations of urban space by getting involved in strategic planning and discussions on contemporary challenges of urban development.
Between a rock and a hard place: Freedom, flexibility, precarity and vulnerability in the gig economy in Africa

The world of work is changing. Communications technologies and digital platforms have enabled some types of work to be delivered from anywhere in the world by anyone with a computer and an internet connection. This digitally-mediated work brings jobs to parts of the world traditionally characterized by low incomes and high unemployment rates. As such, it has been touted by governments, third-sector organizations, and the private sector as a novel strategy of economic development. Drawing on a four-year study with 65 workers in South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana and Uganda, we examine the development implications of the gig economy on labour in Africa. We offer four analytical development dimensions through which platform-based remote work impacts the lives and livelihoods of African workers, i.e. freedom, flexibility, precarity and vulnerablity. We argue that these dimensions should be understood in a continuum to better explain the working conditions and lives of workers in the gig economy.
Transmission of Information of the Indonesian Dual Listed Shares

Various studies have been carried out in relation to the behavior of dual listing stock prices, unfortunately, study on the effects of changes in dual listing stock prices on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) is still limited. Differences in trading time and stock exchange class between one stock exchange with another in different countries raise an opportunity for the accumulation of information when one of the exchanges is experiencing a closing trading period. Indonesian companies such as PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. (TLKM) whose shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and IDX experience the difference in time of their transaction which can affect the shares on the NYSE and on the IDX. This study conducted by using daily data from January 2018 to December 2018. This study found that there is a significant effect of changes in TLKM stock prices on the NYSE in (t-1) period to changes in TLKM stock prices on IDX in t-period. This finding proves that there was the existence of transmission of information between the stock exchanges utilized by investors.
Orthogonal Uncertainty Modeling in the Engineering of Cyber-Physical Systems

Software-intensive cyber-physical systems (CPS) perform essential tasks such as controlling automated production processes in industrial production plants. The required levels of autonomy, openness, and self-adaptation, as well as the dynamic nature of the context of such CPS, result in challenging tasks for their engineering. During operation, unexpected situations in which the system has insufficient knowledge about the current state of the system itself as well as its context may occur. Engineering CPS, e.g., for industrial production sites, must account for such uncertainties the system will have to cope with during its lifetime in a structured and systematic way. Since the development of CPS requires consideration of different system perspectives, current uncertainty modeling approaches cannot be applied right away, as they do not explicitly consider uncertainty aspects that affect different artifacts. To aid the engineering of CPS, this article presents a model-based approach to document uncertainty. We propose “Orthogonal Uncertainty Models,” which closely integrate with other engineering artifacts from different perspectives, as a means for capturing a dedicated uncertainty viewpoint. Our approach has been evaluated in the industry automation domain. The application shows that the idea of regarding uncertainty within a dedicated perspective is highly beneficial. Particularly, our approach helps to uncover and document uncertainties related to behavioral, functional, and structural properties of a system, as well as uncertainties related to business models that would otherwise possibly remain covert. Note to Practitioners—Identifying and documenting uncertainties, which may occur during operation of a system, is a common problem in engineering processes. Such uncertainties may lead to severe damage, and thus need to be mitigated appropriately. It is crucial to account for these uncertainties during engineering, especially in the early phases. Depending on the specific project characteristics, a multitude of different diagram types are used to model a system. Uncertainties thus reflect in many artifacts, which leads to: 1) redundancies in the specified uncertainty attached to diagram elements and 2) uncertainty information (e.g., about the cause or effect of uncertainty) that is spread across different diagrams. The latter makes it difficult to structure uncertainty information and trace it throughout the engineering process so that uncertainty can be systematically considered. Our approach provides a graphical modeling language that employs a dedicated perspective on uncertainty in separate diagrams that can be linked to any engineering artifact.
Exploring the Dynamics of Rural-Urban Migration, Armed Conflict, Urbanization and Anthropogenic Change in Colombia

Anthropogenic change is associated with population growth, land use change, and changing economies. However, internal migration patterns and armed conflicts are also key drivers behind anthropogenic and demographic processes. To better understand this sort of change, we explore the spatial relationship between forced migration due to armed conflict and changing demographic factors in Colombia, a country which has a recent history of 7 million internal migrants. In addition, we use remote sensing, Google Earth Engine, as well as spatial statistical analyses of demographic data in order to measure anthropogenic change between 1984 and 2008; and we look into spatiotemporal relationships between both demographic and anthropogenic changes, which are caused by forced migration. We find, thus, that the latter is significantly and positively related to an increasing rural-urban kind of migration which originates in armed conflict, and results show that it is also negatively associated with interregional expulsion. Indeed, anthropogenic prints (term hereafter used to denote changes in nighttime satellite imagery) pertaining to different regions have had different sensitivities towards forced migration, and across different time periods. Finally we discuss how social and political phenomena such as Colombia’s armed conflict can have significant effects on the dynamics and motions of humans and territories in countries of the Global South.
MUHASEBE VE FİNANS İNCELEMELERİ DERGİSİ OF ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS ON STOCK MARKETS: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED COUNTRIES

In this paper, it has been aimed to reveal the possible effects of Covid-19 Coronavirus epidemic on stock markets. In the analysis using daily data between 23 January 2020 and 13 March 2020, possible effects on stock markets has been investigated with Maki (2012) cointegration test using both Covid-19 daily total death and Covid-19 daily total case. According to the results obtained, all stock markets examined with total death act together in the long run. It
Comparison of the bench press one-repetition maximum obtained by different procedures: Direct assessment vs. lifts-to-failure equations vs. two-point method

This study examined the differences in the bench press one-repetition maximum obtained by three different methods (direct method, lifts-to-failure method, and two-point method). Twenty young men were tested in four different sessions. A single grip width (close, medium, wide, or self-selected) was randomly used on each session. Each session consisted of an incremental loading test until reaching the one-repetition maximum, followed by a single set of lifts-to-failure against the 75% one-repetition maximum load. The last load lifted during the incremental loading test was considered the actual one-repetition maximum (direct method). The one-repetition maximum was also predicted using the Mayhew’s equation (lifts-to-failure method) and the individual load–velocity relationship modeled from two data points (two-point method). The actual one-repetition maximum was underestimated by the lifts-to-failure method (range: 1–2 kg) and overestimated by the two-point method (range: –3 to –1 kg), being these differences accentuated using closer grip widths. All predicted one-repetition maximums were practically perfectly correlated with the actual one-repetition maximum (r ≥ 0.95; standard error of the estimate ≤ 4 kg). The one-repetition maximum was higher using the medium grip width (83 ± 3 kg) compared to the close (80 ± 3 kg) and wide (79 ± 3 kg) grip widths (P ≤ 0.025), while no significant differences were observed between the medium and self-selected (81 ± 3 kg) grip widths (P = 1.000). In conclusion, although both the Mayhew’s equation and the two-point method are able to predict the actual one-repetition maximum with an acceptable precision, the differences between the actual and predicted one-repetition maximums seem to increase when using close grip widths.
Determination of some metal-ions in the bodies of black-bass (Micropterus salmoides) and tench (Tinca tinca) and from water reservoirs close to border of Portugal/Spain

The heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cd) concentrations of muscle tissues of Micropterus salmoides and Tinca tinca from fresh water reservoirs and Fish Production Units situated in Portuguese and Spanish regions close to the border Portugal/Spain, were evaluated by atomic spectrophotometer absorption. Dried powders from these fishes were used to be calcinated, followed by acid digestion and atomic spectrophotometric metal analyses. Mean values in mg kg wet weight of M. salmoides from ESA and Urra reservoirs were respectively the following: Cd (0.03 & 0.03), Cu (3.23 & 2.41), Fe (5.03 & 4.90), Mn (0.58 & 0.49), Pb (0.46 & 0.63) and Zn (6.73 & 7.01). The mean contents in mg kg wet weight in T. tinca from Casillas and Olivenza are, respectively the following: Cd (0.02 & 0.04), Cu (1.30 & 1.47), Fe (3.92 & 6.41), Mn (0.26 & 0.59), Pb (0.29 & 0.99) and Zn (6.27 & 8.96). It was concluded that these metallic concentrations are below the maximum permissible for a safety utilization of theses fishes in human nutrition.
Is chirp more effective than click and tone-burst during oVEMP test?

Aim: We aimed to show the effectivity of chirp stimulus and to compare with tone-burst and click stimulus during ocular VEMP (oVEMP) and also to exhibit same stimulation response pattern in utricle as seen in cochlea. Material and Methods: A total of 85 healthy volunteers without any vestibular and otologic disease history were enrolled in this study. Three different types of air conduction stimuli (tone-burst, click and chirp) were used for the oVEMP test. N1, P1 latencies, N1P1 amplitudes and asymmetry ratios were investigated for each stimulus type according to age subgroups and sex. Results: The ratio of presence of oVEMP response was found to be 94.1%, 82.1% and 98.8% with tone-burst, click and chirp stimuli respectively. The latencies were significantly shorter in chirp stimulus with respect to others in both ears. The amplitudes were also significantly larger in chirp stimulus with respect to other in both ears. According to analysis of N1P1 asymmetry ratios, N1 and P1 latency asymmetry, there were no statistically significant difference in these values within each stimulus types. Conclusion: oVEMP is more practical, easier, faster and less invasive method. oVEMP results with chirp stimulus have shorter latency and higher amplitude and more clear waveform morphology with higher ratio of response when compared to click and toneburst stimulus. As a result, chirp is a reliable and suitable stimulus type for oVEMP analysis. In the light of these unique results with chirp stimulus, utricular hair cells may have similar frequency specific tonotopic organization as seen in cochlea.