Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF ROCK WETTABILITY THROUGH DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS

The wettability of glass filters and Berea sandstone was investigated using the electric response in the interval 10² - 10 (to the power of 8) Hz. The natural wettability of the materials was modified to get two different sets of samples, one with strong water and the other with strong oil wettability. The samples were saturated to various degrees up to 40% with deionized water or brine. Measurements showed that the electric responses of water-wet and oil-wet samples were markedly different and more complex than those predicted by two standard models. The dispersivity and the loss tangent were found to be the most suitable parameters to check the wettability of the samples.
Structural and Photoluminescence Studies on Nanosized Samarium-Doped Strontium Barium Niobate Ceramics

ABSTRACT Nanosized pure and Samarium-doped Strontium Barium Niobate ceramic systems were synthesized by an aqueous organic gel route. The systems were characterized for their structure by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images. Photoluminescence measurements of Samarium-doped nanosized system showed emission peaks at 562, 598, and 644 nm when excited at 406 nm. These transitions are assigned to the 4f-4f transitions of Samarium ions in the host lattice. From the measured decay profiles, the lifetime of nanosized systems were calculated. The Samarium-doped Strontium Barium Niobate nanosystems are expected to find applications in the field of photonics.
27 Al Solid-state NMR spectra of ultrastable zeolite Y with fast magic-angle spinning and 1H–27Al cross-polarization

Fast (>12 kHz) magic-angle-spinning NMR with 1H–27Al cross-polarization quantitatively monitors several aluminous species in dealuminated zeolite Y; the non-framework matter contains 4-, 5- and 6-coordinated Al and the 27Al signal at 30 ppm is an independent resonance probably due to 5-coordinated non-framework Al and not part of a second-order quadrupole lineshape as previously reported.
Influence of phosphorus nutrition and root zone temperature on growth and mineral uptake of peach seedlings 1

Abstract Siberian C peach seedlings (Prunus persica L. Batsch) were grown for 35 days in all combinations of Long Ashton nutrient solution containing P concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, or 5.0 mM and root zone temperatures (RZT) of 8°C, 16°C, and 24°C. At harvest, a significant interaction between solution P concentration and RZT occurred for shoot and root dry weight, root length, shoot P concentration and shoot P uptake. At 8°C RZT, P concentration and uptake but not growth were increased by P. At 16°C and 24° C RZT, growth was depressed at the 5.0 mM P level with shoot P concentration and uptake lower at 24°C than 16°C. The inflow of P to the peach shoot per unit root length was increased at high P concentration and low temperatures but was lower than whole plant inflow rates for apples. The growth depression at high temperature‐high P was related to increased young leaf chlorosis, reduced shoot Fe and a possible P/Zn imbalance.
Glass Transition Temperature Determination of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Thin Films Using Reflection−Absorption FTIR

By using the in-situ reflection−absorption infrared technique, the glass transition temperatures of poly(ethylene terephthalate) thin films were determined by detecting the abrupt change in the absorbance ratio of two comparable bands at 1340 cm-1 (trans conformation) and 1370 cm-1 (gauche conformation) during heating. It was found that the Tg of thin PET films reduces with respect to that of bulk sample and has a great dependence on the film thickness. The conformational energy difference (ΔE) between trans and gauche states of each film was also calculated. The results indicate that the thickness dependence of calculated ΔE is nearly consistent with that of Tg measured. Furthermore, the relaxation behavior of the PET chains in thin films prepared by spin-coating and the influence of annealing on the Tg measured were also investigated.
Perception of cultured “meat” by Italian, Portuguese and Spanish consumers

The aim of this study was to investigate how consumers (n = 2,171) originated from South-Western Europe (Italy, Portugal, and Spain) perceive cultured “meat” (CM) and if their demographic characteristics (origin, gender, age, education, occupation, and meat consumption) are related to their willingness to try (WTT), to regularly eat (WTE) and to pay (WTP) for CM. We found the current respondents had an initially positive attitude towards CM: 49% of them perceived CM as “promising and/or acceptable” and 23% “fun and/or intriguing” whereas 29% considered it as “absurd and/or disgusting”. In addition, 66 and 25% would be willing and not willing to try CM, respectively. However, 43% had no WTE for CM and, 94% would not pay more for CM compared to conventional meat. Age and especially occupation were good indicators of consumer acceptance of CM. Respondents of 18–30 years of age had the highest acceptance. Respondents outside the meat sector had the highest WTE and people working within the meat sector had the lowest WTE, scientists (within or outside the meat sector) had the highest WTT, people not scientists but within the meat sector had the lowest WTT. Additionally, we found that men are more likely to accept CM than women, Spanish-speaking consumers had the highest WTT and WTE, people with vegan and vegetarian diets may pay more for CM but generally no more than for conventional meat. The perceptions that CM may be more eco-friendly, ethical, safe and healthy than conventional meat, and to a lower extent, the perception that current meat production causes ethical and environmental problems are likely to be major motives for the current respondents to try, regularly eat and pay for CM. On the opposite, lower perceptions of CM benefits and of conventional meat weaknesses more generally, plus emotional resistance towards CM are main barriers to accept CM.
The Influence of Y-211 Content on the Growth Rate and Y-211 Distribution in Y–Ba–Cu–O Single Grains Fabricated by Top Seeded Melt Growth

The melt processing of Y–Ba–Cu−O (YBCO) single grains has been investigated using different isothermal temperature profiles for precursor powders containing varying amounts of Y-211. The crystal morphology of the as-grown YBCO single grains and the growth rate, which is influenced critically by the initial Y-211 content and the under-cooling temperature, have been analyzed. A simple method to determine an optimum temperature profile for the growth of bulk YBCO single grains has been proposed based on the results of this investigation. The influence of the initial Y-211 content on the macrosegregation of Y-211 inclusions for the different crystallographic orientations and different under-cooling temperatures has been analyzed. The correlation between the initial Y-211 content and the macrosegregation of Y-211 inclusions within the YBCO single grain along the different growth directions is interpreted from the growth rate data using Y-diffusion mechanism and pushing/trapping theory. Finally, an improved met.
Palladium Complexes with Tridentate Pincer Bis-Carbene Ligands as Efficient Catalysts for C−C Coupling

The synthesis and X-ray crystallographic characterization of a Pd complex (3) with a rigid C,N,C-tridentate pincer carbene ligand are described. At high temperatures (165 °C) it is an active and robust catalyst in the Heck reaction. Complex 3 gives some of the highest turnover numbers yet reported for coupling with aryl chlorides. Time dependence, reuse, and Heck reaction conditions are discussed for 3. Data with F- as base did not support Shaw's Heck mechanism. Suzuki and Sonogashira coupling reactions are also catalyzed by 3. The palladium carbene complex 5, containing an analogous C,N-bidentate ligand, is compared to 3 in terms of stability, catalytic activity, and reaction profile in the Heck reaction.
Analysis of the Electrode Products Emitted by dc Arcs in a Vacuum Ambient

We have examined the particles emitted radially by dc arcs drawn in a vacuum ambient on cathodes of several elements, as well as the axial (through‐anode) ion flux from a copper cathode. The axial results for copper agree grossly with the radial copper results. Significant quantities of multiply charged ions were seen for all elements examined. All arc volt‐ampere characteristics were positive in the range of currents observed: 30 to 250 A. We drew the following conclusions (normalizing energy in units of ion energy/ion charge): (1) The energy distributions for the various ions are similar, peaking at potentials well above the arc voltage. (2) The fraction of ions that are singly charged tends to increase with increasing arc current. (3) For a given element, as the degree of ionization increases the location of the ion‐energy distribution peak shifts to lower energies. (4) For a given degree of ionization, the location of the peak tends toward higher energies for elements with greater arc voltages. (5) Th.
Phase clustering in epilepsy and migraine Phase clustering in transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked EEG responses in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and migraine. Running head: Phase clustering in epilepsy and migraine

Background: Epilepsy and migraine are paroxysmal neurological conditions associated with disturbances of cortical excitability. No useful biomarkers to monitor disease activity in these conditions are available. Phase clustering was previously described in electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to photic stimulation and may be a potential epilepsy biomarker. Objective: To investigate EEG phase clustering in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), compare it to photic stimulation in controls and explore its potential as a biomarker of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy or migraine with aura. Methods: People with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, migraine with aura and healthy controls underwent single-pulse TMS with concomitant EEG recording during the interictal period. We compared phase clustering after TMS with photic stimulation across the groups using permutation-based testing. Results: We included eight people with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (five off medication, three on), 10 with migraine with aura and 37 controls. TMS and photic phase clustering spectra showed significant differences between epilepsy without medication and controls. Two phase clustering-based indices successfully captured these differences between groups. One participant was tested multiple times. In this case, the phase clustering-based indices were inversely correlated with the dose of anti-epileptic medication. Phase clustering did not differ between people with migraine and controls. Conclusion: We present methods to quantify phase clustering using TMS-EEG and show its potential value as of brain network activity in epilepsy. Our results suggest that the higher propensity to phase clustering is not shared between epilepsy and migraine. Phase clustering in epilepsy and migraine
3D Transient Spray Cooling Heat Transfer Simulation for Metallic Slabs of Various Alloys

Water spray cooling is widely used in many industrial processes to control the surface dissipation of a material ported at high temperatures. To predict heat transfer and obtain the rate of required temperature distributions of the surface, it is necessary to understand the basic spray cooling dynamics and a more precise estimation of the heat transfer rate. This paper is about a three-dimensional simulation to estimate the transient heat transfer obtained locally by water spray to reduce the temperature of heated metal. The use of water spraying is a practical and flexible process. It is possible to vary, in space, time, and in large proportions the flux of extracted heat and controls the density of the flow of water which is a key element and very simple to achieve. Globally, the aim of this study is to simulate the spray cooling of different metal slabs for various alloys (steel, cast iron, titanium, nickel) by mainly comparing cooling in maps of iso-surfaces and in curves (at starts and globally) obtained after estimation of the heat flux.
Word Sense Disambiguation for Hungarian using Transformers

In this paper we investigate the applicability of contextual word embeddings for the task of word sense disambiguation (WSD) in Hungarian. We show that a simple k –nn ( k –nearest neighbors) approach which relies on multilingual BERT representations can yield highly accurate results in terms of F-scores when evaluated for word sense disam-biguation.
Framing of Online News Coverage of the Coronavirus in the United States

In early 2020, the World Health Organization declared an international public health emergency due to the coronavirus outbreak. Due to the novelty and quick spread of the coronavirus, people turned to news outlets for information regarding the severity and suggested safety measures. This study analyzed themes in news coverage of COVID-19 in the United States using framing theory. The research studied the styles and changes in framing from January 1, 2020 to the United States’ declaration of a state of emergency on March 13, 2020. The content analysis included 90 online articles from The New York Times, Fox News and CNN, which are among the most popular news sources for Americans. The study concluded that coronavirus news coverage focused on reporting the number of cases and deaths, the economic impact, and the actions governments took to prevent its spread. This study suggests that early coverage of a pandemic is more focused on the facts and immediate effects of the disease rather than the individual and personal stories of people dealing with the pandemic.
Luminescent Monodisperse Nanocrystals of Lanthanide Oxyfluorides Synthesized from Trifluoroacetate Precursors in High-Boiling Solvents

Monodisperse lanthanide oxyfluoride nanocrystals (LaOF:Ce and/or Tb, LaOF:Eu, LaOF:Eu/LaOF (core/shell), GdOF:Ce,Tb, GdOF:Eu, GdOF:Yb,Er) with cubic structure were prepared by codecomposing the lanthanide trifluoroacetate precursors (Ln(CF3COO)3) in oleic acid/oleylamine. The nanocrystals show controlled size (2−7 nm) and shape (nanopolyhedra and elongated nanocrystals) and can form a large-area superlattice on copper grids via self-assembly. They were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) and upconversion (UC) spectroscopies, along with PL lifetime measurement. The formation of well-doped LnOF nanocrystals has been demonstrated by the combined results of XRD, XPS, and luminescence measurements. The luminescent behaviors of differently sized and shaped nanocrystals have been revealed to be largely dependent upon the small size effect in terms of surface-to-volume ratio and the surface-st.
RESPONSE OF SOME EGYPTIAN RICE VARIETIES TO WATER REQUIREMENT COMPONENTS IN NORTH NILE DELTA REGION

Rice is a major consumer of water, so select water requirement component a useful trait for rice production wherever irrigation water is limited. Two micropaddy lysimeter (tanks) experiment were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture Research Center (A.R.C), Egypt, during the two successive growing seasons 2017 and 2018 to estimate and analysis consumptive use components for some Egyptian rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.); namely cvs. ; Sakha 107, Giza 179 and 177 to evaluate the estimated rice crop evapotranspiration (ETc) values computed to evaluate the best method for estimating the reference evapotranspiration which suitable with North Nile Delta conditions. Data of water components of; evaporation (E), evapotranspiration (ET) and ET+ deep percolation (ET+P) for rice were obtained from three groups of tanks. Results showed that components; evaporation (E) is the highest part of total water consumption in the seasons with an average of 44.2% (617.1 mm), 44.2% (572.8 mm) and 44.1% (542.3 mm), while, transpiration (T) is the lowest part of total water consumption in the two seasons with average of 12.7% (178.1 mm), 12.7% (164.4 mm) and 12.6% (154.9 mm). So, evapotranspiration (ET) has an average of 56.9% (795.2 mm), 59.9% (737.2 mm) and 56.6% (697.2 mm) for Group 1.2 and 3 respectively. In addition, for percolation (P), between evaporation and transpiration with an average of 43.1% (602.2mm), 43.1% (559.2mm) and 43.4% (533.9mm) for Group 1.2 and 3 respectively. Results showed Hargreaves and Penmen-Monteith methods performed best for North Delta, Egypt because of the least amount of error and least percentage deviation between ETa and ETc. Results revealed also rice cvs. Giza 179 recorded the highest values of productivity of irrigation water (PIW) and Crop water productivity (CWP).
Diffusional-Thermal Theory of Cellular Flames

abstract It is shown that the formation of cellular structure in a flame is conditioned by diffusion and heat conduction effects and is independent of the hydrodynamics of the perturbed flame. It is proved that cellular flames are formed only when a sufficiently light reactant of the combustible mixture is present in a low concentration. If there is an excess of the light reactant, a plane flame front is absolutely stable (in the framework of the diffusional-thermal model) or shows a noncellular periodic structure (hydrodynamic model)
Transformations of Ice II, Ice III, and Ice V at Atmospheric Pressure

The transformations that occur in ices II, III, and V at atmospheric pressure when they are heated from liquid‐nitrogen temperature have been examined by simple thermal analysis and by x‐ray diffraction. They transform first to cubic ice I (ice Ic). The rate of transformation of ices II and III depends upon the temperature, and that of ice II probably depends upon its thermal history. The temperature dependence of the rate for ice V, and the history dependence of the rate for ices III and V were not examined. Ice Ic has previously been made only in small quantities; it can now be made in as large quantities as required by transformation of the high‐pressure ices. The transformation of ice Ic to ordinary hexagonal ice (ice Ih) has also been examined. The rate depends markedly on the thermal history of the sample and this may help to explain the apparently inconsistent rates that have been reported by various workers.
Effect of potassium, zinc and farm yard manure on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L)

A field experiment was conducted at Gwalior (M.P.) for two consecutive years to study the effect of potassium, zinc and farm yard manure on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and quality of potato. The experiment consisted of 3 levels of FYM, 3 levels of zinc and 5 levels of potassium. The experiment was conducted under split plot design with three replications. The results revealed that application of 80 kg K/ha, 25 kg Zn SO4/ha and 10 t FYM/ha recorded significantly higher value for yield and yield attributes. Application of 80 kg K/ha, 10 t FYM/ha and 25 kg Zn/ha recorded significantly higher values for almost for all the parameters. Application of 120 kg K/ha, 5 t FYM/ha and 25 kg Zn/ha significantly improved quality parameters. Application of FYM @ 5 t/ha and Zn @ 25 kg /ha significantly increased NPK content in haulm and tubers. There was significant increase in NPK uptake due to application of 120 kg K, 10 t FYM and 50 kg Zn/ha. Application of potassium, FYM and Zn recorded more nutrient-N, P and K content in soil as compared to previous doses. B: C ratio value was 3.6 due to application 120 kg K2O, 10 t FYM and 25 kg Zn SO4/ha.
Phase Change Enthalpies and Entropies of Liquid Crystals

The thermochemical behavior of more than 3000 organic compounds known to form liquid crystals is reported along with references to the original literature. A group additivity approach used to estimate total phase change entropies of organic molecules applied to 627 of these liquid crystals is found to significantly overestimate their total phase change entropies. Comparison of experimental and estimated values also show significant scatter relative to database compounds. The origins of these discrepancies are discussed in terms of a model used to explain liquid crystal formation. © 2006 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.1901689
Comparison of Upflow and Downflow Two-Phase Flow Packed-Bed Reactors with and without Fines: Experimental Observations

This study compares the performance of laboratory trickle-bed and upflow reactors over a range of operating conditions, using the hydrogenation of α-methylstyrene to cumene in hexane solvent over 2.5% Pd on alumina extrudate catalyst as a test reaction. It is shown that the trickle bed performs better than the upflow reactor at low pressures when the reaction is gas limited, due to ready access of the gas to the incompletely externally wetted catalyst, while the upflow reactor performs better at high pressures when the liquid reactant limitation controls the rate, due to the completely wetted catalyst. Comparison of the two reactors at different pressures, liquid reactant feed concentrations, and gas flow rates is presented, and differences in performance are explained based on the observed shift from gas limitation to liquid limitation. Experiments in beds diluted with fines yield identical performances in both upflow and downflow modes of operation under both gas- and liquid-limited conditions, corrobor.
RELIEF OF EXPLOSIONS IN DUCT SYSTEMS

Ducts are frequently used in industry to convey flammable vapours and gases from one part of a plant to another. Al though the main precaution taken against explosions is to ensure that flammable mixtures wi th air do no t occur, it is still possible that by mischance an explosive atmosphere may form and become ignited. If this possibility is accepted, there are two main courses open to a design engineer. The first is that the plant should be built to withstand the maximum pressure of an explosion. Fo r relatively short ducts and most explosive mixtures of the majority of flammable gases with air, this is of the order of 100 lb / in 2 if the initial pressure is atmospheric. However, most flammable gases form certain mixtures with air which can give rise to detonation in a duct system if this is sufficiently long or complicated. Under these conditions, pressures of the order of 1000 lb / in 2 might be reached. The second course is to design the plant in such a manner that the progress of an explosion is kept under control and the resulting pressure is limited to an acceptable maxim u m . The provision of relief vents is one aspect of this approach. A substantial amount of work has been done to provide design data for relief vents for certain individual items of plant, particularly, for example, drying ovens. There is little information available, however, o n the amoun t of relief required for ducts that may connect items of p lant or even for items of plant in the shape of ducts.
Validated Reversed‐Phase HPLC Method for the Determination of Atenolol in the Presence of Its Major Degradation Product

Abstract A reversed‐phase liquid chromatographic (RP‐LC) assay method, developed for the quantitative determination of atenolol in the presence of its degradation products is described. The assay involved an isocratic elution of atenolol in a Waters µBondapak® C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile‐sodium phosphate monobasic (0.08 M, pH 3.0) (10:90, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the analyte monitored at 284 nm. The assay method was found to be linear from 0.4 to 12.8 µg injected. All the validation parameters were within the acceptance range. The developed method was successfully applied to estimate the amount of atenolol in tablets.