Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using a simple cellular assay to map NES motifs in cancer-related proteins, gain insight into CRM1-mediated NES export, and search for NES-harbouring micropeptides

The nuclear export receptor CRM1 (XPO1) recognizes and binds specific sequence motifs termed nuclear export signals (NESs) in cargo proteins. About 200 NES motifs have been identified, but over a thousand human proteins are potential CRM1 cargos, and most of their NESs remain to be identified. On the other hand, the interaction of NES peptides with the “NES-binding groove” of CRM1 has been studied in detail using structural and biochemical analyses, but a better understanding of CRM1 function requires further investigation of how the results from these in vitro studies translate into actual NES export in a cellular context. Here we show that a simple cellular assay, based on a recently described reporter (SRVB/A), can be applied to identify novel potential NESs motifs, and to obtain relevant information on different aspects of CRM1-mediated NES export. Using cellular assays, we first map 19 new sequence motifs with nuclear export activity in 14 cancer-related proteins that are potential CRM1 cargos. Next, we investigate the effect of mutations in individual NES-binding groove residues, providing further insight into CRM1-mediated NES export. Finally, we extend the search for CRM1-dependent NESs to a recently uncovered, but potentially vast, set of small proteins called micropeptides. By doing so, we report the first NES-harbouring human micropeptides.
Grade R teachers’ understanding of reflective practice

Background: Internationally and nationally, reflective practice is suggested as a tool to inform quality teaching and learning. In South Africa, the quality of education is in the spotlight as schoolgoing children continue to perform poorly. This article investigates reflective practice in Grade R teaching. It explores teachers’ understanding of reflective practice to inform their practice to support learners having a positive first year of formal schooling. Aim: The aim of this study was investigate the knowledge and understanding of Grade R teachers about reflective practice. Setting: Two Grade R teachers in one school in the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town participated in the study. Methods: An interpretivist case study using semi-structured interviews and document analysis informed the findings. Thematic analysis revealed common themes to explore the knowledge and understanding of Grade R teachers regarding reflective practice. Results: The teachers interviewed demonstrated a tacit understanding of reflective practice. They described it as an innate aspect of their teaching. Their knowledge and understanding are theoretical and there is no evidence of reflective practice in the documents used to inform their teaching on a daily basis. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the participants use reflective practice innately. Support by the school and the Department of Basic Education through professional development has the potential to encourage the use of reflective practice for quality teaching and learning.
Will the relevance of review language and destination attractions be helpful? A data-driven approach

Because tourism destinations are difficult to assess in certain standard aspects, the factors that contribute to the helpfulness of reviews remain largely unknown. Moreover, the helpfulness of online reviews has not been explored in terms of the interaction between language style (high- vs. low-cognitive) and attraction type (hedonic vs. utilitarian). Hence, this study examines the impact of language style on the helpfulness of an online review of an attraction, depending on the type of attraction and the meaning of the destination. This study’s data included 8,032 reviews of four attractions (2 hedonic x 2 utilitarian), drawn from TripAdvisor in two different meanings of destinations. Specifically, our findings indicate that when a reviewer posts a utilitarian attraction of the destination, high-cognitive language is perceived to be more helpful. First, we discuss the theoretical contribution of our study using cognitive fit theory, and then provide the study’s managerial implications.
Effects of standardized medicinal plant extracts on drug metabolism mediated by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 enzymes.

The use of medicinal plants concomitantly with conventional drugs can result in herb-drug interactions that cause fluctuations in drug bioavailability, and consequent therapeutic failure and/or toxic effects. The CYP superfamily of enzymes plays an important role in herb-drug interactions. Among CYP enzymes, CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 are the most relevant since they metabolize about 50% and 30% of the drugs on the market, respectively. Thus, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of in vitro interactions between medicinal plant extracts and drug substrates of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 enzymes. Standardized extracts from nine medicinal plants (Bauhinia forficata, Cecropia glaziovii, Cimicifuga racemosa, Cynara scolymus, Echinacea sp, Ginkgo biloba, Glycine max, Ilex paraguariensis, and Matricaria recutita) were evaluated for their potential interactions mediated by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 enzymes. Among the extracts tested, C. glaziovii (red embaúba) showed the most relevant inhibitory effects of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 activity, while I. paraguariensis (yerba mate) inhibited CYP3A4 activity. Both extracts were chemically analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS, and these inhibitory effects could lead to clinically potential and relevant interactions with the drug substrates of these isoenzymes.
Feeling (un)welcome in Switzerland: The perception of commercial hospitality by domestic and international tourists

Hospitality has been identified as one of the vital enhancing services of tourism organizations. However, insights about how tourists perceive the hospitality of touristic service providers and how these perceptions vary between guests of different origins are still scarce. Using the case of Switzerland, we conducted a survey of 600 tourists to investigate the different perceptions of hospitality by domestic and international guests in touristic service encounters. The results confirm the idea that domestic tourists are more demanding and less satisfied with the hospitality of touristic service providers than international guests. The regression analyses further indicate that tourists’ gender and age influence their hospitality perceptions. Importance–performance analyses on single dimensions of the hospitality concept suggest that touristic service providers’ professional expertise is a key area in which to improve the hospitality perceptions of both domestic and international tourists.
NODULATING LEGUMES FROM THE TAHOE BASIN, CALIFORNIA

A survey was conducted to determine the nodulating ability of 44 legume species from theTahoe Basin. All were found to nodulate under natural soil conditions. Nodulation is reported for the first time in nine species in five genera of Papilionoideae.These species are distributed in tribes Galegeae, Genisteae,Thermopsideae,Trifolieae and Vicieae. Nodule color, shape and frequency are also described. The results support using the morphology of nodular structures to classify legumes.The soils of the Tahoe Basin are generally nutrient poor. However, legumes survive and grow well there. Healthy plants with lush green foliage growing in nutrient-limited environments, suggest that they were nurtured by nitrogen-fixing nodules. Exploitation of legum e-Rhizobium symbiosis may help to improve nutrient poor soils and may provide refuge and quality browse for wildlife in theTahoe Basin.
Preferences and Consumption of Pigeon Peas among Rural Households as Determinants for Developing Diversified Products for Sustainable Health

Pigeon peas are legumes with a high nutritional value. Existing studies of pigeon peas in Tanzania mainly examine production and marketing, but little has been documented with respect to consumer preferences and the consumption of pigeon peas. This study assesses the preferences surrounding pigeon peas and their consumption as bases for the development of diversified and shelf-stable products for nutrition and income improvement. This study comprised 303 randomly selected farming households. Furthermore, 60 farmers participated in six focus group discussions in the Lindi region. A structured questionnaire and a checklist with guided questions were provided for data collection. The analysis uses SPSS (V.21), with differences between groups established using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. The associations were tested using Spearman’s ρ at p < 0.05. The mean pigeon peas consumption during the harvesting and lean seasons was 80 g/person/day and 18 g/person/day, respectively. The frequency of consumption was higher during the harvesting season (92%) than the lean (29%) season. The majority of farmers (91%) preferred to consume the local variety, with 84% of them consuming pigeon peas as stew. Five pigeon pea recipes exist in the area. The farmers identified availability, taste, source of income, and familiarity as the factors determining pigeon pea consumption and preferences. With limited recipes and other barriers limiting consumption, the creation of innovative ideas for the development of diversified and shelf-stable products fitting their consumption preferences is needed.
On the Trail of Creativity: Dimensionality of Divergent Thinking and its Relation with Cognitive Abilities, Personality, and Insight

Divergent thinking (DT) is an important constituent of creativity that captures aspects of fluency and originality. The literature lacks multivariate studies that report relationships between DT and its aspects with relevant covariates, such as cognitive abilities, personality traits (e.g. openness), and insight. In two multivariate studies (N = 152 and N = 298), we evaluate competing measurement models for a variety of DT tests and examine the relationship between DT and established cognitive abilities, personality traits, and insight. A nested factor model with a general DT and a nested originality factor described the data well. In Study 1, DT was moderately related with working memory, fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, and mental speed. In Study 2, we replicate these results and add insight, openness, extraversion, and honesty–humility as covariates. DT was associated with insight, extraversion, and honesty–humility, whereas crystallized intelligence mediated the relationship between openness and DT. In contrast, the nested originality factor (i.e. the specificity of originality tasks beyond other DT tasks) had low variance and was not meaningfully related with any other constructs in the nomological net. We highlight avenues for future research by discussing issues of measurement and scoring.
Identification of Novel Pathways that Promote Anoikis through Genome-wide Screens

Epithelial cells that lose attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM) undergo a specialized form of apoptosis called anoikis. Anoikis has an important role in preventing oncogenesis, particularly metastasis, by eliminating cells that lack proper ECM cues. The basis of anoikis resistance remains to be determined and to date has not been linked to alterations in expression or activity of previously identified anoikis effector genes. Here, I utilized two different screening strategies to identify novel anoikis effector genes and miRNAs in order to gain a deeper understanding of anoikis and the potential mechanisms of anoikis resistance in cancer. Using large-scale RNA interference (RNAi) screening, I found that KDM3A, a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) monoand di-demethylase plays a pivotal role in anoikis induction. In attached breast epithelial cells, KDM3A expression is maintained at low levels by integrin signaling. Following detachment, integrin signaling is decreased resulting in increased KDM3A expression. RNAi-mediated knockdown of KDM3A substantially reduces apoptosis following detachment and, conversely, ectopic expression of KDM3A induces cell death in attached cells. I found that KDM3A promotes anoikis through transcriptional activation of BNIP3 and BNIP3L, which encode pro-apoptotic proteins. Using mouse models of breast cancer metastasis I show that knockdown of Kdm3a enhances metastatic potential. Finally, I find defective KDM3A expression in human breast cancer cell
Global Retrievals of Solar‐Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence at Red Wavelengths With TROPOMI

Observations of solar‐induced chlorophyll a fluorescence (SIF) from spaceborne spectrometers can advance our understanding of terrestrial and aquatic carbon cycles. Here we present the first global retrievals of SIF at red wavelengths from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). Despite the weak signal level, considerable uncertainties, and subtle measurement artifacts, spatial patterns and magnitudes agree with independent data sets. Over land, spatial patterns of our red SIF estimates covary with the far‐red SIF data. Red SIF over the ocean is highly consistent with the normalized fluorescence line height (nFLH) inferred from measurements of the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), even when comparing single days and fine spatial scales. Major advantages of our Fraunhofer line‐based SIF retrievals include the capability to sense SIF through optically thin cloud/aerosol layers and an insensitivity to ocean color. This opens up new avenues for studying ocean biogeochemistry from space.
Effective Factors on Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 6 to 59 Months in the Centre-West Region of Burkina Faso

Background: In Burkina Faso, malnutrition is a public health problem. Despite the significant drop in the prevalence of malnutrition since 2009 according to the Directorate of Nutrition, malnutrition is still a major concern with regard to its consequences. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with acute malnutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months in the Sabou Health District, Burkina Faso. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 343 children aged 6 to 59 months in Sabou Health District, Burkina Faso from August 1st to 30th, 2016. Factors associated with acute malnutrition were dietary factors, family factors, environmental factors, and infectious factors determined using SPSS version 21.0 software. The difference was statistically significant for P-value of less than 0.05. Results: The prevalence of global acute malnutrition in the district was 9.0%, of which 2.6% was severe according to the Brachial Perimeter. Several factors were associated with acute malnutrition in children under 5 years of age in the Sabou health district. Indeed, morbidity was a factor associated with acute malnutrition in children with a P-value of 0.007. The low dietary diversity experienced by food-insecure households was also associated with acute malnutrition in children. Infant and young child feeding practices, i.e., inadequate introduction of complementary foods and low dietary diversity to children were among the factors associated with nutritional status (P = 0.007). Among mothers, 87.5% had heard of malnutrition, 66.5% did not recognize the signs of malnourished in their children, and 92.4% were unaware of the consequences of malnutrition. Conclusion: Based on the results, initiatives and programmes should be established for women, the bearers of life, to enhance their empowerment and educate them with regard to the integral growth of children, the builders of tomorrow.
[Analysis of Relationship between Long Non-Coding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Risk and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (lnc-SNHG1) expression with clinical characteristics and prognosis in pediatric AML patients. METHODS 209 newly diagnosed pediatric AML patients and 67 patients without malignant hematologic disease (as controls) who underwent bone marrow biopsy and with matched age and gender were enrolled in this study. The baseline characteristics of pediatric AML patients were recorded. Bone marrow samples from all the participants were collected before treatment, and lnc-SNHG1 expression in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) was detected by qRT-PCR. The treatment response, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of pediatric AML patients were assessed as well. RESULTS lnc-SNHG1 expression in pediatric AML patients was higher than that in contros (P＜0.001); up-regulated expression of lnc-SNHG1 showed a good value in predicting the prevalence of pediatric AML with an area under curve of ROC of 0.837 (95%CI: 0.785-0.888) and correlated with the poor prognosis risk stratification (P=0.004) as well. Moreover, the up-regulated expression of lnc-SNHG1 related with lower complete remission (CR) rate in pediatric AML patients (P＜0.001), and further multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that lnc-SNHG1 high expression was independent factor related with worse CR (P＜0.001). In addition, pediatric AML patients with high expression of lnc-SNHG1 had shorter EFS time (P＜0.001) and OS time (P＜0.001), further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lnc-SNHG1 high expression was independent factors for predicting worse EFS (P=0.001) and OS (P=0.015) in pediatric AML patients. CONCLUSION lnc-SNHG1 is up-regulated in pediatric AML patients and can be used as an independent predicting factor for poor prognosis of pediatric AML patients.
Estimation of Radiation Exposure to Some Iraqi Patients with Hyperthyroidism treated with Radioactive Iodine-131 as an Outpatient Basis

A broadly established therapy is radioactive iodine-131 for patients with hyperthyroidism (1). The radioactive iodine-131 dose is given to the patient as a single dose, which leads to a high radiation exposure surrounding the patient’s location for several days, depending on the amount of the received radiation dose, patient’s isolation in a special room is necessary for a period of time until the amount of radiation exposure decreases to an acceptable limits according to the National regulations. This study aimed to obtain a measurable estimation to the amount of radiation exposure resulting from patients treated with iodine-131 and assessment of compliance of patients and their family members to radiation safety instructions (RSI). In this study, (35) Iraqi patients with hyperthyroidism (15 male and 20 female) divided in to three groups according to 131I doses received that ranging from 3.7 to 7.4 GBq (100-200 mCi), the radiation dose rate was measured at different levels of the patient’s body as well as at different periods after receiving the I-131 treatment dose. Results shows that the external dose rates decrease rapidly and as a result, the greater amount of radioactive iodine is disposed of in the urine in the first two days after therapy. Also there is no observed differences appears in the average radiation dose rate (µSv/hr) resulting from patients after giving the dose of iodine-131 between males and females within the same group, while a significant difference was observed in the average dose rate between the divided groups, especially after an hour of giving the dose. Conclusion this study provide an estimation to the amount of radiation exposure resulting from patients for three days post 131I therapy on outpatient basis, also these results enables us to obtain a database that can be used in determining the amount of radiation reflected from patient to family members and contacts. Oral and written radiation safety instructions (RSI) are given in an appropriate way to patients and family members before patient’s discharge.
Human cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 infection of the immunocompromised host

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a betaherpesvirus shown to be a major cause of disease in immunocompromised hosts. Human herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV- 7) show genetic homology to HCMV, and are classified in the same subfamily. Their role in disease of the immunocompromised is unclear. This thesis shows that the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to provide important information about the natural history of these viruses in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. PCR assays for the detection of HCMV in blood were used in the surveillance of solid- organ and bone-marrow transplant groups, and important prognostic information was obtained about development of HCMV disease. In this case, the benefits of this earlier diagnosis allowed more effective patient management strategies to be formulated. These studies were extended to detect and analyse HHV-6 and HHV-7 infections. An HHV-7 genome library was constructed and primers designed to amplify an HHV-7 genome region of likely conservation. Following optimisation and calibration of qualitative, multiplex and quantitative-competitive PCR assays, an analysis of the natural history of these viruses in healthy individuals showed that viral load associated with persistence is lower and more stable in blood than in saliva. The role of HHV-6 and HHV-7 primary infection in febrile illness of infants was then investigated, identifying primary infections by a high blood viral load together with the absence of detectable virus in the saliva. Both HHV-6 and HHV-7 were associated with convulsions in infected infants. Finally, a detailed clinico-pathologic analysis of renal transplant patients showed a significant association between development of HCMV disease and infection with both HCMV and HHV-7, but not with HCMV alone. In addition, HHV-7 infection alone was associated with more episodes of graft rejection. These data suggest a role for HHV-7 as an important co-factor in the development of HCMV disease.
Brexit referendum and the UK securitization market

ABSTRACT We examined the perceived risk of Brexit referendum (BR) in the United Kingdom (UK) securitization market, using 1,021 securitized bonds issued between 2011 and 2018. We find an unexpected negative relationship between the BR outcome and the initial yield spreads of asset-backed securities (ABS), even after accounting for the downward-adjusted credit ratings in the post-BR period. We do not observe this effect on mortgage-backed securities (MBS). Our findings imply that investors diversified into ABS bonds under uncertainty in the post-BR period.