Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Reported Dietary Choices and Oral Health Care Needs during COVID-19 Quarantine: A Cross-Sectional Study

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the healthcare system, including dentistry. However, it is not entirely clear whether affected patients’ willingness for regular dental visits and preventive behaviors with regards oral hygiene and diet. This is essential to understanding the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the acceleration of dental issues in the future. It was aimed at checking the level of dental visit avoidance, self-reported oral health needs, and dietary changes. This cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted in Poland (n = 2574; mean age 44.4 ± 15.6; female 56.3%) assessed nutritional habits and dental care changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. As demonstrated, nearly half of the responders (47.1%) avoided regular dental visits, while only 0.5% used online consultations. Fears related to potential cross-contamination in dental offices dropped from 25% to 11.4% and were associated with increased BMI and age (p < 0.05). Sweet snacking/drinking confirmed 19.1%/33.2% subjects. Self-reported oral health care needs (tooth stain, calculus, gingivitis, loss of fillings) were related to frequent snacking and poor oral hygiene (p < 0.05). The study highlights that pandemic periods are covered by eating and drinking changes combined with inadequate hygiene and dental care impose health complaints in the oral cavity. This can magnify both nutritional and interrelated oral health issues, highlighting the need to implement preventive and mitigation measures.
Vertical Collaboration in a Two-Level Supply Chain: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

Collaboration in the supply chain is nowadays seen in the scientific community as the “next best thing” in supply chain optimization (Ballot, 2015; Barratt & Oliveira, 2001; Barratt, 2004; Ireland & Bruce, 2000). Although widely investigated and often mentioned in literature, the concept of supply chain collaboration is not precisely defined (Barratt, 2004). It can be roughly described as: collaboration in the supply chain are all the joint efforts of the stakeholders within a supply chain to improve the overall performance(Barratt & Oliveira, 2001; Barratt, 2004). Procter & Gamble (PG assessing the effects of vertical collaboration in (one of) their supply chain(s) and provide a handle on how to implement this concept. This master thesis report discusses the effect of vertical collaboration in a two-level supply chain; collaboration between manufacturer (Procter & Gamble) and the retailer (Retailer X). With the help of a case-study on the product Dreft Automatic Dishwashing (ADW), the goal was to quantify the effect of increased vertical collaboration within a real-life supply chain. To help structure this research the following research question was drafted: “Could vertical collaboration in the supply chain of Dreft ADW lead to better service, cost and cash results? ” In order to develop an answer to this question, first a literature study was conducted to better define the concept of vertical collaboration. Then, based on a data-analysis on the current state of the supply chain, the problem areas were disclosed for which interventions were devised on the basis of the concept of vertical collaboration. Subsequently, an Agent-Based Model (ABM) of the supply chain of Dreft ADW was designed, to simulate the effects of these interventions so as to provide the data on the effects of vertical collaboration in the supply chain of Dreft ADW. With the aid of the model we were able to both answer the research question as well as to provide the problem owner (Procter & Gamble) an approach to best optimize their supply chain by using the concept of vertical collaboration. The interventions that were used to embody the effect of vertical collaboration and subsequently tested in the ABM were: - Production batch size alignment to retailer orders. - Alignment of order information sharing process between retailer and manufacturer during promotions or continuous interaction. - Use of real-time up-to-date information throughout the supply chain in ordering and replenishment. - Use of POS data in the ordering and replenishment process. The results of the model show that vertical collaboration in the supply chain of Dreft ADW could indeed lead to better service cost and cash results. By implementing the interventions in four sequent steps, service levels can be increased without increasing inventory levels. Next to that, cost savings of up to 2.4% of the gross value of the sold products can be achieved.
Facilitating Contextual Ambidexterity in a Global Operations Expansion Program

One of the focal challenges in managing global operations is how to utilize existing knowledge to avoid reinventing the wheel, yet to critically assess current knowledge and develop new knowledge when adapting to local conditions. Research indicates that successful organizations manage these tensions by developing ambidexterity. We elaborate on contextual ambidexterity—one specific form of ambidexterity—in the global operations expansion program at Neste. We conclude with illustrations of tools used to facilitate alignment and adaptability over time. Interestingly, different tools are used in different phases of the program. Moreover, the emphasis cycles between alignment and adaptability.
Post-Stroke Outcomes of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Introduction: Research has shown that patients with ischemic stroke and coexisting obstructive respiratory disorders have worse clinical status on admission and increased long-term mortality. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of stroke, and the risk is even greater after exacerbation of COPD. Moreover, COPD and stroke share major risk factors, which are advancing age and smoking. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of complications and mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with and without COPD. Material and methods: We analyzed prospectively collected data of 1022 patients with acute is-chemic stroke hospitalized in a district general hospital. The patients were divided into two groups—with coexisting COPD and without COPD. Results: Logistic regression analysis, which allowed for potential confounders, showed an association between coexisting COPD and the fol-lowing complications in acute ischemic stroke patients: heart failure (OR = 1.879, p = 0.048), atrial fibrillation (OR = 4.746, p = 0.012), delirium (OR = 2.803, p < 0.001), pneumonia (OR = 2.424, p = 0.005), bronchospasm (OR = 3.400, p = 0.023), and out-hospital mortality (OR = 2.656, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke and coexisting COPD significantly more often had cardiac and pulmonary complications, as well as delirium following stroke. In a long-term follow-up, the probability of one-year survival was significantly lower in AIS patients with co-existing COPD.
Numerical Validation of a Half Model High Lift Configuration in a Wind Tunnel

A CFD investigation is carried out for a half mode l high lift configuration inside the European Transonic Wind tunnel ETW. The influence of the wind tunnel walls and model installation is investigated and the numerical resu lts are compared to measured data and free flight CFD results. The investigated model is a three element take-off configuration with full span slat and flap. A CFD solver for unstructu red grids is used for the calculations. The computed results in the wind tunnel are in good agr eement with uncorrected experimental data with maximum lift predicted at the same angle of attack. Corrected experimental and numerical tunnel data, however, deviate slightly fr om numerical results in free flight for which about 10% higher drag is predicted. In additi on, the free flight maximum lift is predicted at a higher incidence. The lower drag in the in-tunnel results is due to a lower pressure at the leading edges of the slat and main wing close to the fuselage. This is a consequence of the current mounting of the wind tunnel model in the tunnel which causes a redistribution of the velocity field due to cross f low velocity components in the plane of symmetry of the half model.
Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Biliary tract cancers (BTC) represent a heterogeneous and aggressive group of tumors with dismal prognosis. For a long time, BTC has been considered an orphan disease with very limited therapeutic options. In recent years a better understanding of the complex molecular landscape of biology is rapidly changing the therapeutic armamentarium. However, while 40–50% of patients there are molecular drivers susceptible to target therapy, for the remaining population new therapeutic options represent an unsatisfied clinical need. The role of immunotherapy in the continuum of treatment of patients with BTC is still debated. Despite initial signs of antitumor-activity, single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) demonstrated limited efficacy in an unselected population. Therefore, identifying the best partner to combine ICIs and predictive biomarkers represents a key challenge to optimize the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review provides a critical analysis of completed trials, with an eye on future perspectives and possible biomarkers of response.
Baz› Sofral›k Üzüm Çeflitlerinin Farkl› Zamanlarda Plastik Örtü Alt›na Al›nmas›n›n Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri *

Table grapes are usually grown under plastic cover or sheets for early production. In this work, effectiveness of plastic sheet covered at two different times on the earliness and quality characteristics of some table grape cultivars were searched. Grapevines trained on a bilateral cordon trellis were grown under 2.5 m height and 3.0 m wide tunnel covered with UV+IR (Ultra violet+Infra red) type of polyethylene (PE). In result, average cluster, berry weight and their size were decreased under PE. However, uniformity in berry size and color and total shoot length and growth did not differ among applications. PE was found efficient to enhance the maturation of berries about 17 and 14 days when the tunnel covered at 16th of February and 9th of March respectively.
Effectiveness of the Body Project eating disorder prevention program for different racial and ethnic groups and an evaluation of the potential benefits of ethnic matching.

OBJECTIVE Provide an adequately powered tests of whether a group-delivered dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program (Body Project) is similarly effective for different racial and ethnic groups and evaluate whether an improved match between minority participant race/ethnicity and fellow group members is associated with larger effects. METHOD Study 1 examined data from 539 young women from seven high schools and four universities and Study 2 examined data from 1,195 young women and men from 50 universities who completed the Body Project, focusing on pretest-to-posttest reductions in outcomes. RESULTS In Study 1, reductions in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dieting, negative affect, and eating disorder symptoms did not significantly differ for White versus Asian, Black, and Native Americans, though we did not have power to contrast racial and ethnic minority groups. In Study 2, only one intervention effect was weaker for a minority group relative to Whites (Black vs. White participants showed smaller reductions in thin-ideal internalization), but there was evidence that intervention effects were significantly larger for Hispanic versus White and Black participants, and to a lesser extent for Hispanic versus Asian and Native Americans; these differences were partially driven by differences in pretest risk across ethnic groups. Ethnic/racial matching was not associated with larger effects. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the Body Project produced relatively similar effects for racial/ethnic minority groups relative to White participants, that the effects were sometimes larger for Asian and Hispanic participants, and that recruiting Black participants at higher risk may contribute to larger effects for this racial group. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Procrastination, Negative Emotional Symptoms, and Mental Well-Being among college students in Saudi Arabia

Título: Procrastinación, síntomas emocionales negativos y bienestar mental entre estudiantes universitarios en Arabia Saudita. Resumen: El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue examinar la relación entre la procrastinación, las emociones negativas y el bienestar mental. Participantes de Arabia Saudita (n = 886; mujeres 344, 38.8% y 542 hombres, 61.2%; Medad = 24.33, SD = 5.68). Los participantes completaron cuestionarios en línea sobre la Escala de procrastinación irracional (IPS), las Escalas de estrés por depresión, ansiedad (DASS-21) y el Formulario corto continuo de salud mental (MHC-SF). Según la hipótesis, los hombres postergaron las cosas más que las mujeres. Además, los solteros postergaban más que los casados. Dependiendo de la hipótesis del estudio de que la procrastinación y los síntomas emocionales negativos están relacionados con un peor bienestar mental, la procrastinación está relacionada con niveles más altos de DASS-21 y una disminución del bienestar. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la edad, el género, la depresión, el estrés, la ansiedad y el bienestar eran factores predictivos de la procrastinación. Los hallazgos se suman a la literatura psicológica y mejoran una mejor comprensión de las complicadas asociaciones entre la procastinación, las emociones negativas y el bienestar. Palabras clave: Procastinación. Síntomas emocionales negativos. DASS21. Bienestar. Abstract: The main aim of the current study was the examines the relationship between procrastination, Negative Emotions, and mental wellbeing. Participants from Saudi Arabia (n = 886; females 344, 38.8% and 542 males, 61.2%; Mage = 24.33, SD = 5.68). Participants completed online questionnaires on the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), and the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF). As hypothesized, males procrastinated more than females. Furthermore, single ones procrastinated more than married ones. Depending on the study assumption that procrastination and negative emotional symptoms are related to poorer mental well-being, procrastination is related to higher levels of DASS-21 and decreased well-being. These findings suggest that age, gender, depression, stress, anxiety, and Wellbeing were predictive of procrastination. Findings add to the psychological literature and improve a better comprehension of the complicated associations between Procrastination, Negative Emotions, and Well-Being.
Forest cover change in China from 2000 to 2016

ABSTRACT Due to favourable afforestation policies in the past few decades, China has become the nation with the greatest afforestation area in the world. However, there are few specific distribution maps of forest change at regional and national level in China. Here, we applied all available Landsat time series images in the growing seasons from 1990 to 2018 on the Google Earth Engine platform to track annual forest changes in China. Our validation indicates that the overall accuracy reached 89%. From 2000 to 2016, most forest change in China occurred on the east side of the Line of Huanyong Hu (a line linking Aihui in Northeast China and Tengchong in Southwest China dividing China into east and west parts). Forest growth is the major change type in China with a forest-area expansion of 494,317 ± 22,830 km2. Meanwhile, there have also been some forest losses mostly scattered in southern and northeastern China. The total loss of the forest area was 52,856 ± 3366 km2. Thus, from 2000 to 2016, the net increase in forest area in China was 441,461 ± 26,196 km2, which is approximately 4.6% of the terrestrial area of China, almost equivalent to the entire Thailand. Among these 16 years, there have also been some forest areas recovered or replanted after disturbances. Meanwhile, afforestation achievements and effectiveness have also met the great risk that some afforested areas are eventually destroyed back to previous non-forest land again. The areas for these two change types are 43,728 ± 6574 km2 and 18,457 ± 2396 km2, respectively. The results indicated great afforestation achievements, but there was also some loss of forest resources and threats to consolidating afforestation achievements in China. The results of this study offer greater detail of forest change, especially afforestation, and can provide useful information for forest management and ecological restoration evaluation. Additionally, the forest change result will be available online (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5501089).
Environmental Risk Factors for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An Umbrella Review

Simple Summary Leukemia is the most common type of cancer among children worldwide. The aim of this umbrella review was to provide an evidence-based summary of epidemiological studies on environmental risk factors and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), by exposure window. Second aim was to assess the prevalence in the German population which determines the relevance on population level. Only low doses of ionizing radiation in early childhood and maternal exposure to general pesticides during pregnancy showed convincing evidence of an association with childhood ALL. Other risk factors vary in level of association. The results of this umbrella review should be interpreted with caution; as the evidence are mostly from case-control studies, where selection and recall bias are potential concerns. Abstract Leukemia is the most common type of cancer among children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of this umbrella review was (1) to provide a synthesis of the environmental risk factors for the onset of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by exposure window, (2) evaluate their strength of evidence and magnitude of risk, and as an example (3) estimate the prevalence in the German population, which determines the relevance at the population level. Relevant systematic reviews and pooled analyses were identified and retrieved through PubMed, Web of Science databases and lists of references. Only two risk factors (low doses of ionizing radiation in early childhood and general pesticide exposure during maternal preconception/pregnancy) were convincingly associated with childhood ALL. Other risk factors including extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-MF), living in proximity to nuclear facilities, petroleum, benzene, solvent, and domestic paint exposure during early childhood, all showed some level of evidence of association. Maternal consumption of coffee (high consumption/>2 cups/day) and cola (high consumption) during pregnancy, paternal smoking during the pregnancy of the index child, maternal intake of fertility treatment, high birth weight (≥4000 g) and caesarean delivery were also found to have some level of evidence of association. Maternal folic acid and vitamins intake, breastfeeding (≥6 months) and day-care attendance, were inversely associated with childhood ALL with some evidence. The results of this umbrella review should be interpreted with caution; as the evidence stems almost exclusively from case-control studies, where selection and recall bias are potential concerns, and whether the empirically observed association reflect causal relationships remains an open question. Hence, improved exposure assessment methods including accurate and reliable measurement, probing questions and better interview techniques are required to establish causative risk factors of childhood leukemia, which is needed for the ultimate goal of primary prevention.
Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of COL2A1-Associated Skeletal Dysplasias in 60 Russian Patients: Part I

The significant variability in the clinical manifestations of COL2A1-associated skeletal dysplasias makes it necessary to conduct a clinical and genetic analysis of individual nosological variants, which will contribute to improving our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms and prognosis. We presented the clinical and genetic characteristics of 60 Russian pediatric patients with type II collagenopathies caused by previously described and newly identified variants in the COL2A1 gene. Diagnosis confirmation was carried out by new generation sequencing of the target panel with subsequent validation of the identified variants using automated Sanger sequencing. It has been shown that clinical forms of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasias predominate in childhood, both with more severe clinical manifestations (58%) and with unusual phenotypes of mild forms with normal growth (25%). However, Stickler syndrome, type I was less common (17%). In the COL2A1 gene, 28 novel variants were identified, and a total of 63% of the variants were found in the triple helix region resulted in glycine substitution in Gly-XY repeats, which were identified in patients with clinical manifestations of congenital spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with varying severity, and were not found in Stickler syndrome, type I and Kniest dysplasia. In the C-propeptide region, five novel variants leading to the development of unusual phenotypes of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia have been identified.
Challenges of Researchers in Conducting International Study during the Eruption of COVID-19: Student and Mentor Perspectives

Conducting an international research study may bear various challenges; however, during the global COVID-19 crisis, such a study undertakes unpredictable trajectories. This paper explores the challenges experienced by researchers studying Syrian refugees’ physical and mental health and aid workers serving under humanitarian organizations in Lebanon. It includes information about the changes in the study’s goals and design with the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2, as necessitated by the circumstances COVID-19 imposed. It focuses on the unique perspectives of the research team of two students and their mentor who faced multiple challenges while involved in the study, and their narratives and subjective experiences that led to new opportunities for growth in the project. The research team specifically engaged in humanistic and existential psychology in order to conduct research in a manner conducive to personal and professional development, productivity and growth. To conclude, the researchers propose recommendations to the academic community on mitigating some of the challenges faced when conducting international research, and suggestions to the humanitarian sector serving vulnerable populations in conflict zones during COVID-19.
Recognition-Oriented Image Compressive Sensing With Deep Learning

A number of image compressive sensing (CS) algorithms were proposed in the past two decades, aiming at yielding recovered images with the best possible visual effect. However, it is quite difficult to further improve the image quality for human eyes. For example, in the low-rate sampling scenarios, CS algorithms always suffer degraded performance and can only recover less visually appealing images. We notice that what human beings concern with is the visual quality of an image, while machine users care much more about its latent metrics, such as recognition accuracy, rather than the subjective visual effect. Inspired by this point, we develop a machine recognition-oriented image CS with an adversarial learning strategy. Some adversarial models are investigated to make the recognition accuracy as an additional optimization goal of the CS reconstruction network. Through end-to-end training, CS reconstruction network automatically learns an image recognition pattern, and produce recovered images owning extra recognition metric, which makes them become more suited for machine users. Experimental results indicate that the images recovered with the proposed adversarial learning strategy can be recognized with significantly higher accuracy compared to that with the existing CS algorithms.