Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
English language teachers’ conceptualizations of one-to-one private tutoring: An international phenomenographic study

Private English tutoring, understood as the paid English teaching service offered to students to supplement their learning of English at school or prepare them for an examination in English, has become a popular out-of-school learning activity. In order to obtain deeper insights into its intricacies, the need arises to examine the experience of one of its pivotal
Schistosomiasis risk factors based on the infection status among school-going children in the Ndumo area, uMkhanyakude district, South Africa

Background: Schistosomiasis remains a public health burden in South Africa, particularly in KwaZulu-Natal. The study aimed to identify the risk factors for transmission of Schistosoma haematobium among school-going children in the Ndumo area of uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 320 school-going children, aged 10–15 years, was conducted in 10 local primary schools in the Ndumo area, from May to June 2015. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on socio-demographic information, sanitation and water access, recreational, occupational activities, and knowledge about bilharzia. A filtration technique was used to detect S. haematobium eggs in 10 ml of urine. A Chi square test, bivariate and logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between variables. Odds ratios were used to determine the strength between significant predictors with 95% confidence interval and p value < 0.05. Results: From the 320 participants, 120 (37.5%) were.
New Constraints on Thermal and Dielectric Properties of Lunar Regolith from LRO Diviner and CE‐2 Microwave Radiometer

We derive a new constraint on the thermal and dielectric properties of the lunar regolith layer by reconciling data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Diviner infrared radiometer and Chang'E‐2 (CE‐2) microwave radiometer (MRM). The bolometric Bond albedo of the lunar surface, which characterizes the ability of the lunar surface to reflect visible radiation, is a function of incidence angle. We determined the Bond albedo by using the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter 1,064‐nm normal albedo and the surface temperature at noon as a function of latitude. The results suggest a modification to existing regolith thermal conductivity models based on a fit to the diurnal variation of Diviner data. Based on the thermal model, a 1‐D radiative transfer and dielectric properties model is developed to fit MRM data for the global Moon. With a new dielectric loss tangent equation for highland regolith applied, our model matches MRM data well at 19.35 and 37 GHz, which are generally accepted to be well calibrated. A global map of loss tangent of the Moon at these frequencies is also obtained by fitting the diurnal amplitude of microwave brightness temperature (TB) of each location on the Moon. We find that the loss tangent of highlands regolith has a slight frequency dependence and is larger than previous studies. We also identify a large discrepancy between our theoretical model and TB obtained by CE‐2 MRM at low frequencies, which is attributed to issues caused by contamination on calibration horn.
LIFE EXPERIENCES OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS AFFECTED BY DELAYS IN TREATMENT, IN THAILAND

A qualitative research aimed to describe life experiences of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients affected by delays in treatment among 25 pulmonary TB patients in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand from October to December 2018. The data were collected by in-depth interviews, analyzed by the content analysis, and managed with the NVivo version 12. The findings found there were two major consequences: patient-related and community-related consequences. For the patient-related consequences, patients claimed that they had more severe symptoms before getting treatment. It affected their daily-life including work that led them to stop working or leave their job. The result of having a longer duration of delays in treatment increased the severity of the disease which may result in death. For the community-related consequences, patients had opinions that they could spread TB to other people. However, some patients felt that they could not spread TB germs because the TB screening test results were not found in the infection. These findings can be used for improving the TB controlling strategies by exchanging knowledge and experience of these TB patients which may help to reduce the severity of the disease, mortality rate, and transmission rate in the community.
Specific cellular biomarkers for canine s breast cancer: literature review

Although there are many studies about the cellular biomarkers’ use in canine’s mammary cancer, the results are not to compare. This paper offers orientations about the most useful immunohistochemical markers, which can help to treat canine’s mammal tumors. The main biomarkers of the canines’ mammal epithelia and of the myoepithelial cells were reviewed and based on that, some orientations about immunoexpression of cadherin (E cadherin and P cadherin), proliferation marker (Ki-67), Human Epidermal Growth Factor (HER2 and HER3), estrogen and progesterone receptors were made. The incorporation of these information in future studies, either they be prospective or retrospective, will offer mechanisms that allow the direct comparison of the studies, and therefore will help to determine if the biomarkers have prognostic significance. The use of these biomarkers can help to point out the most adequate treatment to malignant canine’s mammal cancers.
Psychological Distress and Symptom Burden: Vulnerabilities in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

ii Dedication. iii Acknowledgments. iv Vita. vi List of Tables. viii List of Figures. xi Chapter 1: Introduction. 1 Chapter 2: Methods. 18 Chapter 3: Results. 32 Chapter 4: Discussion. 57 References. 71 Appendix A: Tables. 79
Outcomes of Long-Term Conservation Tillage Research in Northern China

Sustainable food production has long been a priority for mankind and this is being challenged by limited arable land, challenged landscapes, and higher human population growth. China started conservation farming around the 1950’s. However, main Conservation Tillage (CT) research started in 1992. Using a systematic meta-analysis approach, this review aims at examining China’s approach to CT and to characterize the main outcomes of long-term CT research across northern China. Data from organizations in charge of CT research in China showed an improvement in crop yield of at least 4% under double cropping systems and 6% under single cropping systems in dry areas of northern China. Furthermore, long-term CT practices were reported to have improved soil physical properties (soil structure, bulk density, pore size, and aggregate stability), soil nutrient levels, and reduction in greenhouse gas emission. Other benefits include significant increase in income levels and protection of the environment. Limitations to CT practice highlighted in this study include occasional reduction in crop yields during initial years of cropping, significant reduction in total N of soils, increase in N 2 O emission, and the need for customized machinery for its implementation. Outcomes of CT practice are ecologically and economically beneficial though its limitations are worth cogitating.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF POETRY IN A LITERARY APPRECIATION CLASS

Poetry has been used as a one of teaching media that often used in English language learning. Besides offering benefits, the use of poetry in language class gives challenges to the learners. This research aimed to find out the students’ perception about the use of poetry in a Literary Appreciation class. The researcher used qualitative method and the researcher used descriptive qualitative as the design of the research. To gather the data, this researcher used interview as the data gathering technique and the interview guideline as the instrument. This research took place at one of private universities in Yogyakarta. The participants of the study were four English major students who actively joined the Literary Appreciation class. The findings of this research showed that the benefits of using poetry in English language learning were increasing vocabulary, improving pronunciation, understanding type of poetry, improving writing poetry, knowing the right intonation, understanding the meaning of poetry, and understanding figurative language. In addition, the finding also shows the challenges and the strategy. The first strategy is imitating to help the students choose the appropriate word and understanding the tone of poetry. The second is using a dictionary to help the students to know unfamiliar words. Then, asking others to help the students to understand the complicated words, unfamiliar pronunciation and choose the right word. The last is translating to help the students to know the unfamiliar vocabulary and understanding the meaning of poetry.
Immunocytochemical Detection of Kisspeptin Receptor and Its Association with Motility of Buffalo Bull (Bubalus bubalis) Spermatozoa

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: November 11, 2019 December 11, 2019 December 15, 2019 January 21, 2020 Kisspeptin is a powerful regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It acts through its receptor GPR54 to regulate sexual maturation, oogenesis, spermatogenesis and fertilization. The present research was implemented to evaluate the presence of kisspeptin receptor on various regions of buffalo bull spermatozoa and to decipher its relationship with different motility parameters of the fresh spermatozoa. Standard swim-up protocol was performed on fresh ejaculates from Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls to obtain three hypothetical layers, having spermatozoa with enhanced motility and normal morphology. The progressive sperm motility was measured in each layer by using phase contrast microscopy. Methanol fixed sperm smears from each layer were processed for standard immunocytochemistry procedure for the detection of kisspeptin receptor using specific antibodies. Maximum GPR54 immunoreactivity was observed in the upper regions (head, neck/midpiece) and moderate immunoreactivity was seen in the lower region (tail) of the spermatozoa in all the three layers. No significant difference in total GPR54 expression was observed in the spermatozoa from three layers and no relationship was observed between percentage motility and GPR54 like ir. Present findings suggest that the buffalo sperm motility is not influenced by GPR54 expression on different regions of the sperm. However, robust GPR54 expression in dorsal areas of buffalo sperm, would raise possibility of a covert function of kisspeptin in the bubaline sperm biology. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved
Continuous Multiagent Control using Collective Behavior Entropy for Large-Scale Home Energy Management

With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, distributed energy generation and storage facilities in smart grid systems, an efficient Demand-Side Management (DSM) is urgent for energy savings and peak loads reduction. Traditional DSM works focusing on optimizing the energy activities for a single household can not scale up to large-scale home energy management problems. Multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MA-DRL) shows a potential way to solve the problem of scalability, where modern homes interact together to reduce energy consumers consumption while striking a balance between energy cost and peak loads reduction. However, it is difficult to solve such an environment with the non-stationarity, and existing MA-DRL approaches cannot effectively give incentives for expected group behavior. In this paper, we propose a collective MA-DRL algorithm with continuous action space to provide fine-grained control on a large scale microgrid. To mitigate the non-stationarity of the microgrid environment, a novel predictive model is proposed to measure the collective market behavior. Besides, a collective behavior entropy is introduced to reduce the high peak loads incurred by the collective behaviors of all householders in the smart grid. Empirical results show that our approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods regarding power cost reduction and daily peak loads optimization.
Diagnostic laparoscopy in the evaluation of female factor infertility

Background: Infertility is a global problem, with more than 70 million couples suffering every year. In India 10-15% of populations are suffering from infertility. All these people need accurate diagnosis and treatment. Among the many investigations available to evaluate the female partner of the infertile couples, laparoscopy is relatively recent and considered gold standard for pelvis evaluation. The objective of the study was to study the different causes of female factor infertility with diagnostic laparoscopy. Methods: This is a prospective study done on 50 infertile females who attended infertility clinic of department of OBG, ESIC MC and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru from September 2013 to 2015. Both primary and secondary infertility females were included in this study. These patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy in premenstrual phase (7, 8, 9th day of menstrual cycle) after conducting thorough clinical and biochemical examinations. Results: In the present study total 50 infertility cases were included. 41 cases had primary infertility and 9 cases had secondary infertility. Mean age was 29.88 years and mean duration of infertility was 5.9 years. Abnormal laparoscopic findings were detected in 41 (82%) cases. Tubal factor was seen in 14 (28%) cases, 11 (22%) cases had endometriosis, 10 (20%) cases had ovarian factor, 4 (8%) cases had pelvic adhesions and 2(4%) had fibroid uterus. Conclusions: Tubal factor is the commonest cause for infertility followed by endometriosis and ovarian factor. Diagnostic laparoscopy is the gold standard procedure to assess tubal status. Laparoscopy has a better role than ultrasonography in diagnosing endometriosis and pelvic adhesions.
Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among people living with HIV in Omdurman City, Sudan

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) plays an important role in the treatment outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Poor adherence would result in failure to prevent viral replication as well as an increased risk of developing drug resistance. Adherence to a life long treatment such as antiretroviral therapy is usually a complicated issue that requires careful and continuous collaboration of patient, family and healthcare provider. The objective of this study was to assess adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among people living with HIV. This is a health facility-based cross sectional study conducted among adults’ people living with HIV in Omdurman HIV/AIDS centre, Sudan. Data was collected through direct interview using semistructured questionnaire. There were only 144/846 (17.02%) who adhered to antiretroviral therapy as prescribed by their doctors. The remaining 51.18% were taking the therapy but not regularly, 31.21% were taking it but currently not and 0.59% stated that they have never taken any antiretroviral therapy. Factors associated with poor adherence that have been identified include female gender (Adj. OR = 3.46 (95%CI: 1.46–8.21), P = 0.005), younger age (Adj. OR = 1.14 (95%CI: 1.02–1.28), P = 0.022), being unemployed (Adj. OR = 5.94 (95%CI: 1.51–23.40), P = 0.011), those who were divorced, separated or widowed (Adj. OR = 11.35 (95%CI: 1.74–73.96), P = 0.011) and respondents who perceived that their health status is poor (Adj. OR = 5.21 (95%CI: 1.44–18.81), P = 0.012) or very poor (Adj. OR = 4.04 (95%CI: 1.27–12.81), P = 0.018). Educational level and social support against HIV-related stigma and discrimination were not significantly associated with adherence. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among the respondents is very poor. Urgent interventions based on modifiable factors and mainly targeting females and younger age group are needed to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV.
Effect of high-energy diet supplemented with additional copper and zinc during the transition period on oxidative stress and postpartum reproductive performance in the crossbred cows

ABSTRACT In this study, effect high-energy diet with supplemented with copper and zinc on oxidative stress, leukocyte function and reproductive performance during the transition period in the crossbred cow under tropical settings. Advanced pregnant crossbred cows of two to four parity and lactation yield of >10 L/day were divided into three equal groups (n = 10 cow/group). Group I cows were fed basal diet to serve as control. Group II cows were supplemented with 20% additional concentrate, copper (15.7/kg DM) and zinc (22 mg/kg DM). Group III cows were provided with only energy in the form of 20% additional concentrate. Copper and zinc were supplemented from −4 before to +8 week of calving, whereas concentrate was given from +2 to +8 week after calving. Blood samples were collected at weekly interval from −4 to +8 week of calving. Group II had a significantly lower MDA, higher TAC and decreased activity of SOD and CAT than that of Group I (P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity and lymphocytic activity increased from 3 to 8 weeks postpartum (P < 0.05) in Group II and III indicating early restoration of leukocyte function. Resumption of postpartum oestrus was shorter in group II (P < 0.05).
Dynamics of inorganic carbon and pH in a large subtropical continental shelf system: Interaction between eutrophication, hypoxia, and ocean acidification

We examined the dynamics of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and pH in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and the adjacent northern South China Sea (NSCS) shelf in summer, aiming for a better understanding of the interaction between eutrophication, hypoxia, and ocean acidification. Using a semi‐analytical diagnostic approach based on validated multiple end‐member water mass mixing models, we showed a −191 ± 54 μmol kg−1 deficit in DIC concentrations in an extensive surface plume bulge, corresponding to a significant pH increase of ∼ 0.57 ± 0.19 units relative to conservative mixing. In contrast, DIC additions in the bottom hypoxic zone reached ∼ 139 ± 21 μmol kg−1, accompanied by a decrease in pH of −0.30 ± 0.04 units. In combination with stable carbon isotopic compositions, we found biological production and CO2 outgassing to be responsible for DIC deficits in surface waters, while degradation of organic matter (OM) accounted for DIC additions in bottom waters. The PRE‐NSCS plume system as a whole served as a net source of atmospheric CO2 from the perspective of Lagrangian observations, because strong CO2 outgassing in the inner estuary overwhelmed the CO2 uptake in the plume despite strong phytoplankton blooms. Using a two‐layer box model, we further estimated that at least ∼ 45 ± 13% of eutrophication‐driven OM production in the surface plume accounted for 67 ± 18% of the DIC addition and oxygen consumption in bottom waters. Eutrophication also buffered ocean acidification in surface waters while hypoxia enhanced it in bottom waters, but their effects on acid‐base buffering capacity were secondary to the amplification of coastal ocean acidification caused by freshwater inputs.
Assessing Active Learning Strategies to Improve the Quality Control of the Soybean Seed Vigor

Seed companies increasingly seek excellence in production quality through rigorous processes, such as the tetrazolium test (TZ test) and the vigor definition. However, these are extremely laborious processes since it necessitates the experience of a specialist and the visual analysis of a considerable quantity of seeds as sampling for determining the vigor of the seed lot.Moreover, although the TZ test has a defined protocol, this analysis may vary from analyst to analyst because it is a subjective human process. In this context, several efforts have been carried out in an attempt to automate the analysis process, in order to reduce their intrinsic problems. Thus, this article presents approaches for the learning and classification of the soybean seed vigor. In addition, alternative active learning strategies are proposed to improve the selection of the most informative samples for the learning process. An extensive experimental evaluation is performed considering different datasets and state-of-the-art learning techniques. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to observe that active learning approaches lead to more robust classifiers, which reach higher accuracies faster (in less learning iterations) than traditional supervised learning approaches. We also obtained a reduction of $\text{95.22}{\%}$ of labeled samples used in the learning process.
Endoscopic stricturotomy and ileo-colonic resection in patients with primary Crohn’s disease-related distal ileum strictures

Abstract Background Stricture is a common presentation of Crohn’s disease with the site of prevalence being the distal ileum. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of patients with primary distal ileum stricture treated with endoscopic stricturotomy (ESt) vs ileo-colonic resection (ICR). Methods All consecutive patients with primary distal ileum stricture that were treated with ESt and/or ICR were extracted from the interventional inflammatory bowel disease (i-IBD) unit from 2001 to 2016. All patients with a stricture >5 cm or those with anastomotic strictures were excluded from the study. The primary outcomes were surgery-free survival and post-procedural complications. Results A total of 13 patients receiving ESt and 32 patients receiving ICR were included in this study. Although the length of the stricture is comparable between the two groups (2.4 ± 0.9 vs 3.0 ± 1.1 cm, P = 0.17), patients who received surgery had a more complicated obstruction presented by the high pre-stenosis proximal dilation rate (67.7% vs 9.1%, P = 0.001). All patients in both groups achieved immediate technical success after treatment. The median follow-up durations were 1.8 and 1.5 years in the ESt and ICR groups, respectively. The subsequent surgery rates were similar between the two groups (15.4% vs 18.8%, P = 0.79) and the overall surgery-free survival was also comparable between the two groups (P = 0.98). Post-procedural adverse events were seen in 2/29 ESt procedures (6.9% per procedure) and 8/32 (25.0%) patients receiving ICR (P = 0.05). Conclusions ESt achieved comparable stricture-related surgery-free survival as ICR, while ESt had a numerically lower post-operative complication rate.
Spectrum of Chest CT Findings in a Familial Cluster of COVID-19 Infection

O January 29, 2020, a 43-year-old woman presented with a 4-day history of fever, cough, sputum production, and dyspnea. She had a recent history of travel to Wuhan (the center of the COVID-19 outbreak [formerly known as 2019 novel coronavirus]) with her 15-year-old son. Her temperature was 38°C (100.4°F) and she had coarse breath sounds on auscultation. Chest CT showed peripheral multifocal ground-glass opacities (Fig 1a). Her son also presented with prolonged fever (11 days), but without respiratory symptoms. On examination, his temperature was 39°C (102.2°F), and lungs were clear on auscultation. Chest CT showed centrilobular ground-glass nodules in the left lung (Fig 1b). The patient’s 43-year-old husband, who met the definition for a contact person (1), was asymptomatic on screening, but tested positive for COVID-19 on sputum real-time polymerase chain reaction test, as did the son and the wife. His chest CT was unremarkable (Fig1c), and he eventually developed fever on the following day.