Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The UPMQube: An Academic/Educational PocketQube Proposal for the EU2Space Challenge

In the present paper, the UPMQube PocketQube proposal for the EU2Space challenge is described. This proposal has been developed by a group of master’s degree students led by Ph.D. students and professors from the Instituto Universitario de Microgravedad “Ignacio Da Riva” (IDR/UPM) at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM). PocketQube is a recent new picosatellite concept, which is currently under development. Its reduced size and mass require a significant effort to reduce the characteristic size of the elementary subsystems. One of the subsystems that offers the greatest capacity for improvement is the Attitude Determination and Control Subsystem (ADCS), since most PocketQubes do not usually have one due to lack of space. The most relevant technical aspect of this proposal is the development of a new ADCS which fits the high restrictive size and mass requirements, and it is based on Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components. This ADCS is composed by: (i) a purely Autonomous Magnetic Controller (AMC) based on magnetorquers and magnetometers on board the spacecraft (S/C platform; (ii) an Attitude Determination System (ADS) based on solar sensors and thermal sensors on board the S/C and an On Ground Attitude Determination Algorithm (for post processing the sensors flight data. The work carried out by Master s degree students is integrated within the academic program of the UPM’s Master in Space Systems as a Case of Study. It also provides an excellent training program for the Ph.D. Assistant Professors included in the proposals Team. The tasks assignments and responsibilities of all members of the Team are fully described in the paper. Additionally, it should be underlined that this proposal is quite well balanced in terms of gender, as 40% of the Team (including the Principal Investigator) are women. This figure is higher than the mean percentage of women present in STEAM Sciences, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics careers (29% of the workforce, 19% of company board members, 3% industry CEOs). Keywords: UPMQube, PocketQube, MUSE, magnetic ADCS, space engineering challenge
Fast wavelength switching of three-section DBR lasers

For optical crossconnect and packet switched applications based on fast wavelength switching of distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers, the wavelength switching delay is an important device characteristic. A large-signal model for a three-section DBR laser is described which permits evaluation of the intramodal and intermodal wavelength switching delay. The steady-state mode spectrum and loss obtained from a transmission line model of the laser are used in modified multimode rate equations to explicitly include the device structure and operating conditions in the dynamic model. Mode competition is shown to cause the intermodal wavelength switching delay to increase significantly as the destination wavelength approaches the edge of a mode tuning curve. The same behaviour is observed experimentally. >
Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Filtering Crossover Based on 3-D Assembly

A novel substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) filtering crossover based on 3-D assembly is proposed, for the first time. The degenerate orthogonality of the TE102 mode and TE201 mode is fully utilized to obtain good cross-transmission and interchannel isolation. In addition, four resonant printed circuit boards (PCBs) are spliced and assembled like building blocks, successfully achieving energy transmission at different heights. The combined application of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-plane and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-plane is realized in filtering crossover design, for the first time. A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured to validate the proposal. Good consistency is demonstrated between the simulated results and the measured ones.
Rapid passage effects in nitrous oxide induced by a chirped external cavity quantum cascade laser

A widely tunable pulsed external cavity quantum cascade laser operating around 8 μm has been used to make rotationally resolved measurements of rapid passage effects in the absorption spectrum of N2O. Rapid passage signals as a function of laser power and N2O pressure are presented. Comparisons are drawn with measurements performed on the same transition with a standard distributed feedback quantum cascade laser. The initial observations on rapid passage effects induced with an external cavity quantum cascade laser show that such high power, widely tunable radiation sources may find applications in both nonlinear optics and optical sensing experiments.
State estimation under bit-rate constraints

This paper considers the problem of estimating the state of a dynamic system from measurements obtained via a digital link with finite data rate R. The structures of the optimal coder and estimator for Markovian systems are derived. In particular, it is shown that the optimal coder for a Gauss-Markov system consists of a Kalman filter, followed by a stage which encodes the current Kalman estimate according to the symbols previously transmitted. A new suboptimal coder-estimator for linear systems is then constructed. Provided that a certain inequality linking the data rate to the dynamical parameters is satisfied, and under very mild assumptions on the noise distributions, this coder-estimator yields an expected absolute estimation error of the same order as in the classical situation with no data rate constraint. Hence if the classical estimation error approaches zero, then the rate-constrained error goes to zero at exactly the same speed.
Perspectives on the popularization of smart senior care to meet the demands of older adults living alone in communities of Southwest China: A qualitative study

Background Older adults who live alone face challenges in daily life and in maintaining their health status quo. Currently, however, their growing demands cannot be satisfied with high quality; therefore, these demands expressed by elders may be settled in the form of smart senior care. Hence, the improvement in smart senior care may produce more positive meanings in promoting the health and sense of happiness among this elderly population. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of demands and satisfaction with regard to the provision of senior care services to the community-dwelling older adults who live alone in Southwest China, thus providing a reference for the popularization of smart senior care. Methods This study adopted a qualitative descriptive approach on demands and the popularization of smart senior care. Semi-structured and in-depth individual interviews were conducted with 15 community-dwelling older adults who lived alone in Southwest China between March and May 2021. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data. Results Through data analysis, three major themes and subcategories were generated: “necessities” (contradiction: more meticulous daily life care and higher psychological needs vs. the current lower satisfaction status quo; conflict: higher demands for medical and emergency care against less access at present), “feasibility” (objectively feasible: the popularization of smart devices and applications; subjectively feasible: interests in obtaining health information), and “existing obstacles” (insufficient publicity; technophobia; patterned living habits; and concerns). Conclusions Smart senior care may resolve the contradiction that prevails between the shortage of medical resources and the increasing demands for eldercare. Despite several obstacles that stand in the way of the popularization of smart senior care, the necessities and feasibility lay the preliminary foundation for its development and popularization. Decision-makers, communities, developers, and providers should cooperate to make smart senior care more popular and available to seniors living alone, facilitating independence while realizing aging in place by promoting healthy aging.
Childhood Hearing Impairment in Senegal

We recently showed that variants in GJB2 explained Hearing Impairment (HI) in 34.1% (n = 15/44) of multiplex families in Senegal. The present study aimed to use community-based nationwide recruitment to determine the etiologies and the clinical profiles of childhood HI in Senegal. Participants with early onset HI were included after clinical examination, including audiological assessment by pure tone audiometry and/or auditory brainstem response. We investigated a total of 406 participants from 295 families, recruited from 13/14 administrative regions of Senegal. Male/female ratio was 1.33 (232/174). Prelingual HI was the most common type of HI and accounted for 80% (n = 325 individuals). The mean age at medical diagnosis for congenital HI was computed at 3.59 ± 2.27 years. Audiological evaluation showed sensorineural HI as the most frequently observed HI (89.16%; n = 362 individuals). Pedigree analysis suggested autosomal recessive inheritance in 61.2% (63/103) of multiplex families and sporadic cases in 27 families (26.2%; 27/103), with a consanguinity rate estimated at 93% (84/90 families). Genetic factors were likely involved in 52.7% (214/406) of the cases, followed by environmental causes (29.57%; 120/406). In 72 cases (17.73%), the etiology was unknown. Clinically, non-syndromic HI was the most common type of HI (90.6%; n = 194/214 individuals). Among families segregating syndromic cases, type 2 Waardenburg syndrome was the most common (36.3%; 4/11 families). This study revealed putative genetic factors, mostly associated with high consanguinity rate, as the leading causes of early-onset HI in Senegal. The high consanguinity could provide a good opportunity to identify variants in known and novel genes involved in childhood HI.
Spectral analysis of strongly enhanced visible light transmission through single C-shaped nanoapertures

We designed, fabricated, and characterized single C-shaped apertures in an Au film, resonant in the visible regime. Our C-shaped apertures showed transmission enhancement of 13–22 times over a square aperture of the same area and suggest as high as 106 enhancement over square apertures that are designed to produce the same near-field spot size. Spectra from individual apertures demonstrate the ability to tune this resonance over 70nm by scaling the dimensions of the apertures. This shows the C aperture to be a versatile tool for gaining high-resolution, enhanced transmission through single subwavelength apertures at optical wavelengths.
The H i Tidal Tail between NGC 520 and UGC 957

La nouvelle imagerie VLA dans la raie 21 cm est presentee pour la galaxie particuliere NGC 520. Une longue queue tidale est observee dans les cartes des canaux HI, s'etendant du cote sud du systeme vers l'est et le nord du corps principal. Les donnees HI montrent clairement qu'une interaction tidale a eu lieu entre NGC 520 et UGC 957, une galaxie naine localisee a environ 6' au nord-ouest de NGC 520. Dans la galaxie NGC 520, HI est vu en emission le long du disque sud-est nord ouest, et en absorption en direction d'une source de continuum nucleaire
Active temperate glacial landsystem evolution in association with outwash head/depositional overdeepenings

The response of temperate glaciers to rapid climate warming is reflected in the geomorphology (landsystem) resulting from snout recession. This paper develops a locally diverse process‐form model of active temperate glaciers through mapping and quantification of historical landscape change on the Fjallsjökull‐Hrútárjökull foreland, SE Iceland. Quantification of volumetric and areal changes on the foreland are based on time series of archival aerial images for the period 1945–1998, high‐resolution satellite imagery for 2014 and digital elevation models of differences derived from time series of UAV imagery for the years 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2022. Landscape change and glacier snout behaviour since 1945 highlights the importance of azonal and potentially intrazonal signatures in temperate glacial landsystems, particularly: (1) the development and collapse of partially supraglacial outwash fans to produce outwash heads fronting depositional overdeepenings; and (2) the emergence of ice‐cored eskers that record the evolution of englacial drainage networks operating over overdeepenings. Such landform assemblages are manifested as substantial ice‐cored/hummocky terrains, a characteristic of deglaciating forelands that is likely to be widely replicated wherever ice‐contact glacifluvial assemblages create outwash heads that act as depositional overdeepenings. Due to its significantly greater supraglacial debris cover, complete de‐icing of the Hrútárjökull snout in response to post‐1945 warming was delayed until around 2014. This constitutes a prime example of incremental stagnation, which in a rapidly warming climate has resulted in significant landscape change (land surface elevation collapse of 0.8 m a−1) over the last 8 years.
A cross-linguistic, sound symbolic relationship between labial consonants, voiced plosives, and Pokémon friendship

Introduction This paper presents a cross-linguistic study of sound symbolism, analysing a six-language corpus of all Pokémon names available as of January 2022. It tests the effects of labial consonants and voiced plosives on a Pokémon attribute known as friendship. Friendship is a mechanic in the core series of Pokémon video games that arguably reflects how friendly each Pokémon is. Method Poisson regression is used to examine the relationship between the friendship mechanic and the number of times /p/, /b/, /d/, /m/, /g/, and /w/ occur in the names of English, Japanese, Korean, Chinese, German, and French Pokémon. Results Bilabial plosives, /p/ and /b/, typically represent high friendship values in Pokémon names while /m/, /d/, and /g/ typically represent low friendship values. No association is found for /w/ in any language. Discussion Many of the previously known cases of cross-linguistic sound symbolic patterns can be explained by the relationship between how sounds in words are articulated and the physical qualities of the referents. This study, however, builds upon the underexplored relationship between sound symbolism and abstract qualities.
Investigation of the viable role of oil sludge-derived activated carbon for oily wastewater remediation

A wide range of studies has been carried out to describe the equilibrium data of adsorption for the surface adsorption process. However, no extensive investigation has been carried out to evaluate the oil sludge based activated carbon surface adsorption. Therefore, the possibility of carbon active production using different oil sludges and consequently the adsorption mechanism of these kind of adsorbents is still unknown. In this study, a novel low-cost approach was introduced to synthesize the activated carbon using oil sludge applying a two-step process including carbonization and chemical activation. In this way, four different types of oil sludges were characterized and then applied to synthesize different carbon actives and their performance were investigated as an adsorbent. The results showed that all synthesized activated carbons, with about 6% ash and pH = 7 and the specific surface area of 110 m2/gr, have the ability to treatment of oily wastewater; which can be referred to the high carbon content (>80%). The iodine number and the efficiency of prepared activated carbon were obtained as 406.8 mg/g and 94%, respectively. The adsorption process was also studied at different process conditions such as temperature (308–338 K), pH value (3–9) and adsorbent amount (50–200 mg/L) to find the optimum condition for wastewater treatment. The results show that the pH value has an optimum in the adsorption rate (the maximum adsorption was measured at pH = 5) and the adsorption capacity can be reduced by increasing the temperature or decreasing the adsorbent amount. Moreover, three different adsorption isotherm models were applied, i.e., Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich isotherms; which the Langmuir equation was more suitable than others investigated isotherm models with R 2 ≈ 0.999.
Dynamics of flames in tubes with no-slip walls and the mechanism of tulip flame formation1

ABSTRACT A hydrogen/air flame propagation and the development of tulip-shaped flame in 2D tubes of different aspect ratios with both closed ends and in a half-open rectangular channel were studied using high resolution direct numerical simulations of the fully compressible Navier – Stokes equations coupled with a detailed chemistry. Flame propagation in a 3D rectangular channel was studied using large eddy simulations and compared with the results of direct numerical simulations of flame propagation in a 2D rectangular channel with the same aspect ratio. It is shown that the interaction of the rarefaction wave generated by the flame at the deceleration stage with the “positive” flow of unburned gas generated by the flame at the previous accelerating stage leads to a significant decrease of the velocity of the unburned gas flow in the near field zone ahead of the flame front. As a result, the thickness of the boundary layer in the near-field zone ahead of the flame increases significantly, and the profile of the axial velocity of the unburned gas in the near-field zone ahead of the flame front takes the form of a tulip or an inverted tulip, which leads to corresponding changes in the velocities of different parts of the flame front, the flame front inversion, and the formation of a tulip-shaped flame.
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability

Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) is a key water mass for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and anthropogenic carbon into the ocean interior. However, a lack of biogeochemical observations of SAMW properties during wintertime formation precluded their detailed characterization. Here we characterize for the first time SAMW properties across their entire wintertime formation regions based primarily on biogeochemical profiling floats. Observations show that the SAMW properties differ between the two main formation regions in the Pacific and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. SAMW formed in the Pacific is colder, fresher, and higher in oxygen, nitrate, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) than its Indian Ocean counterpart. The relationship between potential density and biogeochemical water properties is nearly identical between the two formation regions; property differences thus predominantly reflect the difference in mean densities of SAMW formed in each region. SAMW is undersaturated in oxygen during formation, which will impact calculations of derived quantities that assume preformed oxygen saturation. SAMW is at or above atmospheric pCO2 during wintertime and therefore not a direct sink of contemporary carbon dioxide during the formation period. Results from the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate suggest anti‐correlated interannual variability of DIC, nitrate, and oxygen between the central and southeastern Pacific formation regions similar to previously established patterns in mixed layer physical properties. This indicates that the mean properties of SAMW will vary depending on which sub‐region has a stronger formation rate, which is in turn linked to the Southern Annual Mode and the El‐Niño Southern Oscillation.
THINC-Integrated Tool (THINC-it): A Brief Measurement of Changes in Cognitive Functioning and Its Correlation with the Life Quality of Patients with Schizophrenia and Related Disorders—A Pilot Study

Background: This pilot study aimed to assess patients’ cognitive functioning with the Polish version of the THINC-it tool and to analyze its association with self-reported quality of life (QOL). Methods: Twenty-one patients (mean age: 37.8 ± 10.4) were assessed at baseline and after six weeks of a standard therapeutic outpatient program. Participants completed the World Health Organization QOL Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the THINC-it tool at both visits. The tool consists of tasks evaluating working memory (SYMBOL CHECK), attention (SPOTTER), executive functions (TRIALS), and cognitive skills (CODEBREAKER). Results: During the second visit, patients showed significant improvements in mean latency of correct responses of SPOTTER: p = 0.021, Cohen’s d = 0.38 and in the Physical health domain: p = 0.007, Cohen’s d = 0.37. The number of correct responses for CODEBREAKER was positively associated with the Physical health domain at visit 1 (r = 0.53, p = 0.014) and visit 2 (r = 0.42, p = 0.058). The number of correct responses at SYMBOL CHECK was positively related to QOL in the Environment domain only at visit 2 (r = 0.45, p = 0.042). Conclusions: These results suggest the THINC-it tool has utility as a cognitive measure in adults with schizophrenia in both clinical and research settings.
Towards mesh adaptivity for geophysical turbulence: continuous mapping approach

Looking forward towards mesh adaptivity for simulating turbulent atmospheric/oceanic flows, we are pursuing advanced algorithms for evaluating vector differential operators cast in time‐dependentcurvilinear co‐ordinates. In this paper, we review our effort to date with the development of a deformable‐co‐ordinates multi‐scale anelastic model designed from the bottom‐up relying on strengths ofnon‐oscillatory transport methods. We have shown in earlier works that effective multi‐scale adaptive numerical models for high‐Reynolds‐number meteorological flows can be designed that dispense with rigorous evaluation of the more cumbersome of the vector differential operators, such as the curl or the strain rate. These operators are nonetheless important for budget analyses of the model results, estimating physical uncertainties, driving the mesh adaptivity itself, and extending the model's applicability beyond standard meteorological situations. Here, we discuss selected extensions of the generic explicitly inviscid approach. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exact boundary controllability of unsteady flows in a network of open canals

By means of the general results on the exact boundary controllability for quasilinear hyperbolic systems, the author establishes the exact boundary controllability of unsteady flows in both a single open canal and a network of open canals with star configuration respectively. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Wavelength-selective optical waveguiding of photoluminescence in a thermally annealed Si/SiO2 superlattice

We investigate the long-distance propagation of broadband photoluminescence (PL) light inside an annealed Si/SiO2 superlattice (SL) with repeats of 1.5 nm Si and 2 nm SiO2 layers deposited on a silica substrate. The SL material annealed at 1150 °C contains Si nanocrystals with diameters of 3–4 nm as estimated by Raman spectroscopy, and the SL layer was estimated to be overall 1.75 µm thick with an effective refractive index of 1.65. As measured in the conventional transverse detection geometry, the SL material exhibits a broad PL band with a maximum at nm (1.6 eV). Our measurements in the waveguiding detection geometry show wavelength selectivity of optical waveguiding by the SL layer. In fact, efficient narrowing of the PL spectrum (down to 16 meV) takes place upon the propagation of the PL light inside the SL layer for wavelengths of 710 and 960 nm. We observed the guiding of PL light by the SL layer to distances above 5 mm, and the propagation losses for the guided light at 710 and 960 nm were estimated to be 6.2 and 4.7 cm−1, respectively. The attenuation of PL light outside the guided wavelengths is much larger (e.g., at 780 nm) demonstrating that Si/SiO2 SL-based waveguides can be used as optical filters. The transmittance peaks can be tuned by changing the SL layer optical thickness.