Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reasons for changes in the value of unit pressure of compression products supporting external treatment

The paper presents the basics of modelling compression products with intended values of unit pressure for body circumferences with fixed and variable radius of curvature. The derived relationships referring to the dimensions of the fabric's circumferences in a relaxed state of the product were based on Laplace law, local values of the radius of curvature, and the characteristics of stretching and relaxing (deformation) of the knitted fabric, described by experimental relation for the stress and relaxation phase for the 6th hysteresis loop, taking into account confidence intervals. The article indicates the possibilities of using 3D scanning techniques of the human body to identify the radius of curvature of various circumference of the human silhouette, for which the intended value of the unit pressure is designed, and quantitative changes in the body deformation due to compression. Classic method of modelling and design of compression products, based on a cylindrical model of the human body does not provide in each case the intended value of unit pressure, according to specific normative requirements, because it neglects the effect of different values of the radius of curvature of the body circumference and the properties of the viscoelastic knitted fabrics. The model and experimental research allowed for a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the reasons for the changes in the value of unit pressure of compression products supporting the process of external treatment.
University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Global measurements of brown carbon and estimated direct Global measurements of brown carbon and estimated direct radiative effects radiative effects

Brown carbon (BrC) is an organic aerosol material that preferentially absorbs light of shorter wavelengths. Global ‐ scale radiative impacts of BrC have been dif ﬁ cult to assess due to the lack of BrC observational data. To address this, aerosol ﬁ lters were continuously collected with near pole ‐ to ‐ pole latitudinal coverage over the Paci ﬁ c and Atlantic basins in three seasons as part of the Atmospheric Tomography Mission. BrC chromophores in ﬁ lter extracts were measured. We ﬁ nd that globally, BrC was highly spatially heterogeneous, mostly detected in air masses that had been transported from regions of extensive biomass burning. We calculate the average direct radiative effect due to BrC absorption accounted for approximately 7% to 48% of the top of the atmosphere clear ‐ sky instantaneous forcing by all absorbing carbonaceous aerosols in the remote atmosphere, indicating that BrC from biomass burning is an important component of the global radiative balance. absorbing mostly in the lower end of the visible and into the ultraviolet (UV). Incomplete combustion, such as in wild ﬁ res, is known to produce substantial levels of brown carbon. Here we report direct measurements of brown carbon determined from ﬁ lter samples collected from aircraft ﬂ ights that extended from pole to pole over three seasons. We observed brown carbon in aerosols that had been transported long distances from regions of wild ﬁ res at various locations across the globe. A radiative transfer model indicated that this brown carbon can substantially contribute to the overall radiative forcing by light ‐ absorbing aerosols.
Measuring the Privacy Dimension of Free Content Websites through Automated Privacy Policy Analysis and Annotation

Websites that provide books, music, movies, and other media free of charge are a central piece of the web ecosystem, although they are vastly unexplored, especially for their security and privacy risks. In this paper, we contribute to the understanding of those websites by focusing on the comparative analysis of their privacy policies, a primary channel where service providers inform users about their data collection and use. To better understand the data usage risks associated with such websites, we study 1,562 websites and their privacy policies in contrast to premium websites. We uncover that premium websites are more transparent in reporting their privacy practices, particularly in categories such as “Data Retention” and “Do Not Track”, with premium websites are 85.00% and ≈ 70% more likely to report their practices in comparison to the free content websites. We found the free content websites’ privacy policies to be more similar to one another and generic in comparison to the premium websites’ privacy policies. Our findings raise several concerns, including that the reported privacy policies may not reflect the data collection practices used by service providers, and various pronounced biases across privacy policy categories. This calls for further investigation of the risks associated with the usage of such free content websites and services through active measurements.
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Five Racerunners (Lacertidae: Eremias) and Comparison with Other Lacertids: Insights into the Structure and Evolution of the Control Region

Comparative studies on mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) as well as the structure and evolution of the mitochondrial control region are few in the Lacertidae family. Here, the complete mitogenomes of five individuals of Eremias scripta (2 individuals), Eremias nikolskii, Eremias szczerbaki, and Eremias yarkandensis were determined using next-generation sequencing and were compared with other lacertids available in GenBank. The circular mitogenomes comprised the standard set of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and a long non-coding control region (CR). The extent of purifying selection was less pronounced for the COIII and ND2 genes in comparison with the rest of the PCGs. The codons encoding Leucine (CUN), Threonine, and Isolecucine were the three most frequently present. The secondary structure of rRNA of Lacertidae (herein, E. scripta KZL15 as an example) comprised four domains and 28 helices for 12S rRNA, with six domains and 50 helices for 16S rRNA. Five types and twenty-one subtypes of CR in Lacertidae were described by following the criteria of the presence and position of tandem repeats (TR), termination-associated sequence 1 (TAS1), termination-associated sequence 2 (TAS2), conserved sequence block 1 (CBS1), conserved sequence block 2 (CSB2), and conserved sequence block 3 (CSB3). The compositions of conserved structural elements in four genera, Acanthodactylus, Darevskia, Eremias, and Takydromus, were further explored in detail. The base composition of TAS2 – TATACATTAT in Lacertidae was updated. In addition, the motif “TAGCGGCTTTTTTG” of tandem repeats in Eremias and the motif ”GCGGCTT” in Takydromus were presented. Nucleotide lengths between CSB2 and CSB3 remained 35 bp in Eremias and Darevskia. The phylogenetic analyses of Lacertidae recovered the higher-level relationships among the three subfamilies and corroborated a hard polytomy in the Lacertinae phylogeny. The phylogenetic position of E. nikolskii challenged the monophyly of the subgenus Pareremias within Eremias. Some mismatches between the types of CR and their phylogeny demonstrated the complicated evolutionary signals of CR such as convergent evolution. These findings will promote research on the structure and evolution of the CR and highlight the need for more mitogenomes in Lacertidae.
The Gender Perspective in Wikipedia: A Content and Participation Challenge

Wikipedia is one of the most widely used information sources in the world. Although one of the guiding pillars of this digital platform is ensuring access to the diversity of human knowledge from a neutral point of view, there is a clear and persistent gender bias in terms of content about or contributed by women. The challenge is to include women as equal partners in the public sphere, in which Wikipedia is developing a central role as the most used educational resource among students, professionals, and many other profiles. In this paper, we introduce the gender perspective in the analysis of the gender gap in the content and participation of women in Wikipedia. While most studies focus on one of the two dimensions in which the gender gap has been observed, we review both approaches to provide an overview of the available evidence. Firstly we introduce how the gender gap is framed by the Wikimedia Movement strategy, then we evaluate the gender gap on content and participation, especially regarding editor practices. Finally, we provide some insights to broaden the discussion about the consequences of not addressing the gender gap in Wikipedia, and we provide some research topics that can support the generation of recommendations and guidelines for a community that needs both equity and diversity.
Relationship between biophysical parameters and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in maize*

A field experiment was conducted for two years during kharif season at ARI farm, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to study the spectral reflectance pattern of maize crop and its relationship with biophysical parameters like Leaf Area Index (LAI), stover yield and grain yield. The experiment was laid out in RBD (Factorial) with three replications. The treatments comprised of four dates of sowing and four irrigation regimes. The spectral characteristics of the crop were measured at weekly intervals using a hand-held, multiband ground truth radiometer. In all dates of sowing, rainfed (moisture-stressed) crop showed lower Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values than irrigated crop throughout crop growing season. The NDVI and LAI are related exponentially and the predicted values of LAI are in good agreement with observed values. The integrated NDVI of different treatments was computed and significant correlation was found between integrated NDVI and, stover yield and grain yield. The result indicates that the grain yield can be estimated using satellite image derived NDVI in large areas. The relationship was found to be logarithmic during pre NDVImax and was linear during post NDVImax period.
Digital Game-Based Support for Learning the Phlebotomy Procedure in the Biomedical Laboratory Scientist Education

Practice-based training in education is important, expensive, and resource-demanding. Digital games can provide complementary training opportunities for practicing procedural skills and increase the value of the limited laboratory training time in biomedical laboratory science (BLS) education. This paper presents how a serious game can be integrated in a BLS course and supplement traditional learning and teaching with accessible learning material for phlebotomy. To gather information on challenges relevant to integrating Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL), a case was carried out using mixed methods. Through a semester-long study, following a longitudinal, interventional cohort study, data and information were obtained from teachers and students about the learning impact of the current application. The game motivated students to train more, and teachers were positive towards using it in education. The results provide increased insights into how DGBL can be integrated into education and give rise to a discussion of the current challenges of DGBL for practice-based learning.
Edaravone Attenuated Particulate Matter-Induced Lung Inflammation by Inhibiting ROS-NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Background Particulate matter (PM) exposure is related to mitochondria dysfunction and airway inflammation. Antioxidant drug edaravone (EDA) is reported to improve the occurrence and development of oxidative stress-related diseases. At present, there is no data on whether EDA can alleviate lung inflammation caused by PM. Methods The anti-inflammatory effects of EDA were investigated in urban PM-induced human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and C57/BL6J mouse models. In vitro, its effects on the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and inflammatory cytokines were assessed by DCFH-DA staining, JC-1 assay, and real-time PCR, respectively. In vivo, the oxidant stress in lung tissues was assessed by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity, and inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were assessed by ELISA, respectively. Furthermore, the potential signaling pathways were studied by siRNA transfection and western blot. Results PM increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines and protein, including IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, and COX-2, while these alternations were significantly alleviated following EDA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. EDA treatment also alleviated the inflammatory responses in lung tissues of PM-exposed mice. We further showed mitochondrial dysfunction in PM-exposed HBECs and mice, which were reversed by EDA treatment. Moreover, the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in PM-exposed HBECs and mice was weakened by EDA. Transfection with NF-κB p65 siRNA further inhibited PM-induced inflammation in HBECs. Conclusion We demonstrated that EDA treatment had a protective role in PM-induced lung inflammation through maintaining mitochondrial balance and regulating the ROS-NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. This provided a new therapeutic method for PM-induced lung inflammation in the future.
Ocean Color Remote Sensing of Suspended Sediments along a Continuum from Rivers to River Plumes: Concentration, Transport, Fluxes and Dynamics

This study investigates the capability of high and medium spatial resolution ocean color satellite data to monitor the transport of suspended particulate matter (SPM) along a continuum from river to river mouth to river plume. An existing switching algorithm combining the use of green, red and near-infrared satellite wavebands was improved to retrieve SPM concentrations over the very wide range (from 1 to more than 1000 g.m−3) encountered over such a continuum. The method was applied to time series of OLI, MSI, and MODIS satellite data. Satisfactory validation results were obtained even at the river gauging station. The river liquid discharge is not only related to the SPM concentration at the gauging station and at the river mouth, but also to the turbid plume area and SPM mass estimated within the surface of the plume. The overall results highlight the potential of combined field and ocean color satellite observations to monitor the transport and fluxes of SPM discharged by rivers into the coastal ocean.
In-vitro accuracy of complete arch scans of the fully dentate and the partially edentulous maxilla.

PURPOSE This in-vitro study aimed to compare the accuracy of complete arch scans (CAS) of a fully dentate (FD) and a partially edentulous (PE) maxillary model. Three intraoral scanning systems were used: Omnicam AC (OC), TRIOS 4 (TR), and Primescan (PS). METHODS Each intraoral scanner was used to take 30 scans each of two clinical scenarios (FD and PE) simulated by a reference model. The PE model simulated a maxilla with six prepared teeth to accommodate a jaw-spanning fixed partial denture (FPD). The missing teeth were then added to create an FD model. Five ceramic precision balls (ball centers P1-P5) mounted on metal pins were welded to the metal base on the buccal side of the dental arch. These were later used to determine dimensional (given by each 2 ball centers) and angular changes (given by each 3 or 4 ball centers) between the reference model (digitized with high precision before the tests) and the intraoral scans. Data were statistically analyzed using a type II ANOVA. RESULTS The maximum mean absolute distance deviations were as follows. OC: 147 µm (FD) and 139 µm (PE). TR: 133 µm (FD) and 136 µm (PE). PS: 87 µm (FD) and 80 µm (PE). The scanning system used had a significant effect on distance deviations (p < 0.027) and CAS scanning time (p < 0.001). Dental status had no clear effect on distance deviations but did significantly affect angular changes (p < 0.001) and scanning time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The manufacture of jaw-spanning FPDs based on a CAS cannot yet be recommended.
Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Adhesion S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 Induce Proinflammatory Activities of S100: Proteins

S100A8 and S100A9 are small calcium-binding proteins that are highly expressed in neutrophil and monocyte cytosol and are found at high levels in the extracellular milieu during inﬂammatory conditions. Although reports have proposed a proinﬂammatory role for these proteins, their extracellular activity remains controversial. In this study, we report that S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 caused neutrophil chemotaxis at concentrations of 10 (cid:1) 12 –10 (cid:1) 9 M. S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 stimulated shedding of L-selectin, up-regulated and activated Mac-1, and induced neutrophil adhesion to ﬁbrinogen in vitro. Neutralization with Ab showed that this adhesion was mediated by Mac-1. Neutrophil adhesion was also associated with an increase in intracellular calcium levels. However, neutrophil activation by S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 did not induce actin polymerization. Finally, injection of S100A8, S100A9, or S100A8/A9 into a murine air pouch model led to rapid, transient accumulation of neutrophils conﬁrming their activities in vivo. These studies 1) show that S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 are potent stimulators of neutrophils and 2) strongly suggest that these proteins are involved in neutrophil migration to inﬂammatory sites. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 3233–3242.
Microstructural and corrosion study of aluminum foams obtained by space holder process using low-cost removable preforms

The space holder process (SHP) is a useful and common technique to obtain metal foams. However, an important question remains unsolved: Would the quality of the salt affect the properties of the aluminum foam obtained? In this paper, removable preforms of two types of salt (refined and unrefined) were infiltrated with A356 aluminum alloy to obtain metal foams with different pore sizes. The interaction preform-metal was studied from analyzing the morphological structure of the foams, the metal microstructure, and the corrosion resistance of the Al356 alloy. It was observed that, although the two types of salt exhibited some differences, they did not show variations in relation to the porous structure and metal microstructure in the aluminum foams obtained. Additionally, the electrochemical analyses did not show significant effects on the corrosion behavior of aluminum foams caused by the interaction with the salt preforms.
Fault Localization via Efficient Probabilistic Modeling of Program Semantics

Testing-based fault localization has been a significant topic in software engineering in the past decades. It localizes a faulty program element based on a set of passing and failing test executions. Since whether a fault could be triggered and detected by a test is related to program semantics, it is crucial to model program semantics in fault localization approaches. Existing approaches either consider the full semantics of the program (e.g., mutation-based fault localization and angelic debugging), leading to scalability issues, or ignore the semantics of the program (e.g., spectrum-based fault localization), leading to imprecise localization results. Our key idea is: by modeling only the correctness of program values but not their full semantics, a balance could be reached between effectiveness and scalability. To realize this idea, we introduce a probabilistic approach to model program semantics and utilize information from static analysis and dynamic execution traces in our modeling. Our approach, SmartFL (SeMantics bAsed pRobabilisTic Fault Localization), is evaluated on a real-world dataset, Defects4J. The top-1 statement-level accuracy of our approach is 21 %, which is the best among state-of-the-art methods. The average time cost is 210 seconds per fault while existing methods that capture full semantics are often 10x or more slower.
Phosphatase during Thymocyte Development Pathways by the CD45 Protein Tyrosine Selective Regulation of TCR Signaling

In CD45-deﬁcient animals, there is a severe defect in thymocyte-positive selection, resulting in an absence of mature T cells and the accumulation of thymocytes at the DP stage of development. However, the signaling defect(s) responsible for the block in development of mature single-positive T cells is not well characterized. Previous studies have found that early signal transduction events in CD45-deﬁcient cell lines and thymocytes are markedly diminished following stimulation with anti-CD3. Nevertheless, there are also situations in which T cell activation and TCR signaling events can be induced in the absence of CD45. For example, CD45-independent TCR signaling can be recovered upon simultaneous Ab cross-linking of CD3 and CD4 compared with cross-linking of CD3 alone. These data suggest that CD45 may differentially regulate TCR signaling events depending on the nature of the signal and/or on the differentiation state of the cell. In the current study, we have assessed the role of CD45 in regulating primary thymocyte activation following physiologic stimulation with peptide. Unlike CD3-mediated stimulation, peptide stimulation of CD45-deﬁcient thymocytes induces diminished, but readily detectable TCR-mediated signaling events, such as phosphorylation of TCR-associated (cid:1) , ZAP70, linker for activation of T cells, and Akt, and increased intracellular calcium concentration. In contrast, phosphorylation of ERK, which is essential for positive selection, is more severely affected in the absence of CD45. These data suggest that CD45 has a selective role in regulating different aspects of T cell activation. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 181: 6082–6091.
Detecting facial expressions within a context of surprise and uncertainty

: Threatening expressions are detected quickly and accurately, warning the observer of the presence of a potential danger. During the detection process, a facial expression of surprise could play an important role as a cue for orientation in conditions of uncertainty that call for a swift and precise response. With a view to analysing this contingency, an experiment was conducted in which 70 subjects undertook a spatial cueing task that involved facial expressions of surprise (vs. neutral ones) as orientation cues, and facial expressions of fear, anger and happiness as target stimuli. The results revealed a priming effect of the expression of surprise solely in the detection of the expression of anger, reducing response times and the percentage of errors. The data indicate that the expression of surprise, when processed as an independent stimulus, could prime the detection of those stimuli that constitute a direct threat, such as the expression of anger, with this being a crucial distinction for understanding the circumstances in which the expression of anger is detected more effectively than other kinds of expressions. formu-lated: expression of surprise as orientation cue will facilitate the detection of the expression of anger (shorter RTs and a lower PE) more than those of fear, happiness, and neutral.
Acute rheumatic fever and erythema marginatum in an adult patient

Abstract A 41-year-old woman presented for evaluation of a pruritic eruption with an abrupt onset, starting on her flanks and then spreading to her arms and legs. She had 2 weeks of fever, chills, malaise, migratory joint pain, nausea, and mental confusion. An antistreptolysin O titer was positive. Upon hospital admission, bilateral lower-extremity chorea movements were observed, and her C-reactive protein level was elevated (3.7 mg/dL). Biopsy results supported erythema marginatum. Based on these clinical and laboratory findings, the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever was established.