Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and Neuronal Characterizations, across Ages, of the TgSwDI Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that currently affects as many as 50 million people worldwide. It is neurochemically characterized by an aggregation of β-amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles that result in neuronal dysfunction, cognitive decline, and a progressive loss of brain function. TgSwDI is a well-studied transgenic mouse model of AD, but no longitudinal studies have been performed to characterize cognitive deficits or β-amyloid plaque accumulation for use as a baseline reference in future research. Thus, we use behavioral tests (T-Maze, Novel Object Recognition (NOR), Novel Object Location (NOL)) to study long-term and working memory, and immunostaining to study β-amyloid plaque deposits, as well as brain size, in hippocampal, cerebellum, and cortical slices in TgSwDI and wild-type (WT) mice at 3, 5, 8, and 12 months old. The behavioral results show that TgSwDI mice exhibit deficits in their long-term spatial memory starting at 8 months old and in long-term recognition memory at all ages, but no deficits in their working memory. Immunohistochemistry showed an exponential increase in β-amyloid plaque in the hippocampus and cortex of TgSwDI mice over time, whereas there was no significant accumulation of plaque in WT mice at any age. Staining showed a smaller hippocampus and cerebellum starting at 8 months old for the TgSwDI compared to WT mice. Our data show how TgSwDI mice differ from WT mice in their baseline levels of cognitive function and β-amyloid plaque load throughout their lives.
GLOBIGERINOIDES RUBER AND GLOBIGERINOIDES TRILOBUS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO PALEOENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Intraspecific variations in Recent populations of Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerinoides trilobus from 20 core-top samples in the Atlantic Ocean indicate that 1) variations in the size and shape of these species form mappable geographic patterns, 2) these patterns are related to variations in temperature and salinity, and 3) these relationships between morphology and environmental variables are complex and do not permit prediction of paleoenvironmental data with a small confidence interval. A better understanding of the environmental controls in shell morphology in Recent planktonic foraminifera is required before paleoecologic response models can be developed.
The inﬂuence of mean strain on the high-cycle fatigue of Nitinol with application to medical devices

One of the contentious issues associated with the high-cycle fatigue of Nitinol, a nominally equiatomic alloy of nickel and titanium, is the claim that increasing the applied mean strain can increase, or at least have no negative impact, on the fatigue lifetime, in conﬂict with reported behavior for the vast majority of other metallic materials. To investigate this in further detail, cyclic fatigue tests in bending were carried out on electropolished medical grade Nitinol at 37 ° C for lives of up to 400 million cycles of strain involving various levels of the mean strain. A constant life model was developed through statistical analysis of the fatigue data, with 90% reliability at a conﬁdence level of 95% on the effective fatigue strain. Our results show that the constant life diagram, a plot of strain amplitude versus mean strain, is monotonic yet nonlinear for lives of 400 million cycles of fatigue loading. Speciﬁcally, we ﬁnd that in contradiction to the aforementioned claim, the strain amplitude limit at zero mean strain is 0.55% to achieve a 400 million cycle lifetime, at 90% reliability with 95% conﬁdence; however, to achieve the same lifetime, reliability and conﬁ-dence level in the presence of a 3% or more mean strain, the required strain amplitude limit is decreased by over a factor of three to 0.16%. Moreover, for mean strains from 3% to 7%, the strain amplitude limit that allows a 400 million cycle lifetime, at 90% reliability with 95% conﬁdence, is ~ 0.16%, and essentially independent of mean strain. We conclude that the debatable claim that an increase in the applied mean strain can increase the fatigue life of Nitinol components is not supported by the current data.
THE DIFFERENCES OF THE ELEMENTS CONTENT IN RHIZOPHORA MUCRONATA LEAVES FROM ASAHAN REGENCY, NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA *

Mangroves have a good mineral absorption system against change in environmental conditions, i.e., through the storage in leaves. This study aimed to determine the relationship of mineral contents to differences in the color levels of R. mucronata mangrove leaves. Theresults showed that the growth of leaves from young to old revealed decreased potassium content, while calcium and magnesium increased significantly. The order of microelementsfrom the largest to the smallest for green leaves or young leaves is Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > B > Si, and for yellow leaves or old leaves is Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > B > Si. The correlation of elements in mangrove leaves showed that potassium (0.78), copper (0.96), manganese (0.96), and zinc (0.95). The elements of copper and manganase that have a high correlation.
Mercury in tHe environMent oF tHe MinerAliZed Zone in sAn JoAquín, querétAro, Mexico

the continuous cinnabar (Hgs) mining exploitation for over two thousand years in southern sierra Gorda, Mexico, have released large amounts of mercury (Hg) into the ecosystem and also resulted in a widespread contamination. the Hgs mining activity is the main source of airborne emissions, transportation and deposition in the region. the extensive use of Hg in the last century has increased its potential for exposure in the general population and in the environment. therefore, the southern area of the sierra Gorda offers the opportunity to study Hg from several points of view. For six years, a mercury research group from Mexico and Hungary worked in san Joaquin area of queretaro, Mexico, involving several disciplines. some of the research results from 2008 to 2013 are presented in this study. Hg is the main focus i n t h i s study and it starts from the geological background of sierra Gorda. For centuries, Hg mining activities has affected terrestrial systems (water, soil, air and biota); soil carbon sequestration has been altered by mining activities and land use changes. An approach of flow of total Hg interactions within the terrestrial systems was presented as well. these efforts constituted the basis for constructing permanent Hg monitoring in the area and pay attention to the authorities because of environment and public health problems.
com Bulletin of the International Association for Paleodontology

Objectives: Dentition is considered an excellent source for biological profiling in contemporary and archaeological populations with forensic anthropological, genetic, and dental perspectives. Dental dimorphism is well established and can be reflected in measurements and indices. The goal of this study is to use the discriminant function and receiver operating curve analysis to estimate sex and to make useful classification models for estimating sex based on the canine field of the mandibular and maxillary jaws. Materials and Methods: A total of six variables of the maxillary and mandibular canines (width of left and right canines and intercanine distances) were measured on 200 adult subjects of the contemporary Haryanvi population (M/F 100:100, 18–60 years) using digital sliding calipers and indices calculated. A discriminant function and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied on collected data using SPSS 21.0. Results: All variables were sexually dimorphic (p < 0.001). In stepwise analysis, maxillary intercanine distance provided an accuracy of 84%. In ROC analysis, maxillary intercanine distance emerged as an excellent variable with the maximum area under the curve (AUC) and the highest sexing accuracy (86.0%). Discussion: We proved the feasibility of employing machine learning to improve sex prediction. Probable causes of discrepancies in sex classification using different models are discussed. When applying models based on only canine teeth (without attachment to the tooth socket), forensic anthropologists and archaeologists should be more careful.
Expressive Completeness of Separation Logic with Two Variables and No Separating Conjunction

Separation logic is used as an assertion language for Hoare-style proof systems about programs with pointers, and there is an ongoing quest for understanding its complexity and expressive power. Herein, we show that first-order separation logic with one record field restricted to two variables and the separating implication (no separating conjunction) is as expressive as weak second-order logic, substantially sharpening a previous result. Capturing weak second-order logic with such a restricted form of separation logic requires substantial updates to known proof techniques. We develop these and, as a by-product, identify the smallest fragment of separation logic known to be undecidable: first-order separation logic with one record field, two variables, and no separating conjunction. Because we forbid ourselves the use of many syntactic resources, this underscores even further the power of separating implication on concrete heaps.
nanofil-The effect of spray-drying parameters on the flavor of nonfat dry milk and milk protein concentrate 70% 1

Unit operations during production influence the sensory properties of nonfat dry milk (NFDM) and milk protein concentrate (MPC). Off-flavors in dried dairy ingredients decrease consumer acceptance of ingredient applications. Previous work has shown that spray-drying parameters affect physical and sensory properties of whole milk powder and whey protein concentrate. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inlet temperature and feed solids concentration on the flavor of NFDM and MPC 70% (MPC70). Condensed skim milk (50% solids) and condensed liquid MPC70 (32% solids) were produced using pilot-scale dairy processing equipment. The condensed products were then spray dried at either 160, 210, or 260°C inlet temperature and 30, 40, or 50% total solids for NFDM and 12, 22, or 32% for MPC70 in a randomized order. The entire experiment was replicated 3 times. Flavor of the NFDM and MPC70 was evaluated by sensory and instrumental volatile compound analyses. Surface free fat, particle size, and furosine were also analyzed. Both main effects (30, 40, and 50% solids and 160, 210, and 260°C inlet temperature) and interactions between solids concentration and inlet temperature were investigated. Interactions were not significant. In general, results were consistent for NFDM and MPC70. Increasing inlet temperature and feed solids concentration increased sweet aromatic flavor and decreased cardboard flavor and associated lipid oxidation products. Increases in furosine with increased inlet temperature and solids concentration indicated increased Maillard reactions during drying. Particle size increased and surface free fat decreased with increasing inlet temperature and solids concentration. These results demonstrate that increasing inlet temperatures and solids concentration during spray drying decrease off-flavor intensities in NFDM and MPC70 even though the heat treatment is greater compared with low temperature and low solids.
The evaluation of IL-4 intron 3 VNTR and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with Alopecia Areata: a case-control study

Alopecia Areata (AA) is a non-scarring hair loss condition that usually affects the scalp. The exact pathogenesis is poorly understood, however, multiple factors like genetics, environmental, psychological, and immunological factors may have a role. The purpose of this study was to look into possible links between the functional Interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene intron 3 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and TNF-(rs1799964) gene polymorphism and AA susceptibility. This case-control study consisted of 79 unrelated patients and 156 age and sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group. The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) was used to asses the extent of hair loss from the scalp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with speci�c primers was used to determine IL-4 gene 70 bp VNTR polymorphism while polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) was used to investigate TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphism. None of the selected polymorphisms for both genotypes and alleles had statistical signi�cance when patients and controls were compared with each other (p-value > 0.05). Furthermore, the same results were retrieved when the genotypes were compared with the patient's clinical and demographic data (p-value > 0.05). The �ndings indicate that IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms are not linked to the development of AA in the Egyptian population.
Development and evaluation of a control strategy for water-based radiant systems with integrated phase change materials

Experimental and numerical studies have demonstrated the great energy savings potential and CO 2 emission reduction that can be achieved with thermally activated building systems (TABS). However, one downside of TABS is that the system has to be incorporated in the building from the design stage, which limits its application to new buildings. To encourage the application of high thermal mass radiant systems in refurbishment, the authors developed a radiant ceiling panel with incorporated phase change material (RCP-PCM). The focus of this study is on the control strategy to operate the system. Whole-building energy simulations have been used for evaluating the performance of the RCP-PCM system operating under the proposed control strategy. Results indicate that the control strategy can be regarded as effective since it can respond well to changes in cooling and heating demand, meet the thermal comfort requirements, is simple to implement, and can lead to an energy-efficient operation due to the capability to operate only at night-time. Results also show that for cooling-dominated climates, a phase change material (PCM) with a melting temperature of 21℃ is desirable to increase the passive cooling power of the system. However, in climates where both cooling and heating are required, a PCM with a melting temperature of 24℃ results in better thermal performance. The RCP-PCM system was able to maintain the indoor temperature within the specified range of thermal comfort for more than 96% of the total occupied hours in cooling-dominated climates and climates with both cooling and heating requirements.
Inﬂuences of Internal Control on Enterprise Performance: Does an Information System Make a Difference?

: It is generally perceived that the effective implementation of an adequate internal control system prevents and controls an entity’s risks and improves its procedures and performance. This study empirically investigates the relationship between the internal control system and ﬁrms’ performance, with particular emphasis on the moderation role of an integrated information system. For this purpose, a survey was developed and sent to 215 Saudi ﬁrms that had implemented an integrated information system. A hundred and two valid responses were received. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was utilized for the data analysis and hypothesis testing. The ﬁndings conﬁrmed that organizational structure, prospectors’ strategy, information system quality, and management support signiﬁcantly inﬂuence the internal control system for the study sample. The ﬁnding also supports the role of an information system as a moderator variable in the relationship between internal control and organizational performance. Additionally, the study elucidates the importance of information system maturity for information system quality.
Renovating Herentals: a building classification approach to assess large-scale renovation costs

As part of the strategy to improve energy efficiency and decarbonize the building stock, the Flemish government has set the target to renovate the residential stock (Vlaamse Regering, 2020) by 2050. However, an old housing stock integrated by a large number of detached buildings suggest that finding a good cost-efficiency balance is neither an easy nor an inexpensive task. Having accurate figures about the costs and benefits of renovation is essential not only to anticipate public aids but also to boost private investment. Earlier studies trying to describe building typologies (e.g. IEE-Tabula - Ballarini, Corgnati, & Corrado, 2014) focused on energy use profiles rather than on renovation potential. The recent availability of new (big)(open) data (e.g. GIS, consumption data, heat maps…) enables the development of machine learning classification techniques to create more accurate building set representations. The purpose of the present study is to develop a massive classification approach to identify the type of renovation plan and the associated costs for the different building typologies in the Flemish region of Herentals. For this purpose, two different machine learning classifiers – supervised and unsupervised - are tested and developed.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Multiple Systems Estimation (or Capture-Recapture Estimation) to Inform Public Policy

Estimating population sizes has long been of interest, from the estimation of the human or ecological population size within regions or countries to the hidden number of civilian casualties in a war. Total enumeration of the population, for example, via a census, is often infeasible or simply impractical. However, a series of partial enumerations or observations of the population is often possible. This has led to the ideas of capture-recapture methods, which have been extensively used within ecology to estimate the size of wildlife populations, with an associated measure of uncertainty, and are most eﬀectively applied when there are multiple capture occasions. Capture-recapture ideology can be more widely applied to multiple data-sources, by the linkage of individuals across the multiple lists. This is often referred to as Multiple Systems Estimation (MSE). The MSE approach has been preferred when estimating “capture-shy” or hard-to-reach populations, including those caught up in the criminal justice system; or homeless; or traﬃcked; or civilian casualties of war.
Analysis of The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Financial Health Ratio on Banking Performance

: This study examines the effect of good corporate governance and financial health ratios as measured by CAR NPL and BOPO on banking performance. This study used a sample of 93, and the objects in this study were conventional banking companies listed IDX 2017-2019. This study uses secondary data with a sample selection method, namely purposive sampling. This study uses 5 data analysis methods: descriptive statistics, classical assumption test, hypothesis test, f test, and partial test. This study proves that good corporate governance does not affect banking performance. The financial health ratio as measured by CAR has no impact on banking performance. The financial health ratio as measured by NPL does not affect banking performance. Financial health ratios, as measured by BOPO, has a negative effect on banking performance.
INQUIRIES INTO FARMERS’ PERCEPTION OF BIODIVERSITY: A SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS IN A TROPICAL COUNTRY

Conserving biodiversity has become more important for tropical countries, where agricultural production is featured by a large number of small farms scattered in wide areas conducting increasing intensified production to meet rising demand on both quantity and quality. Whether small farmers have an appropriate perception about biodiversity conservation and what are the main barriers preventing them from practicing biodiversity conservation are still open questions. Based on four focus group interviews with a total of 39 farmers in two key vegetable production sites in Vietnam and four expert interviews, which were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires from July 2022 to February 2023, the qualitative analysis reveals several findings. Firstly, Vietnamese vegetable farmers already have a certain level of awareness of biodiversity and biodiversity conservation production practices. Secondly, improving health of the farmers and people in their community stand out as the most important perceived benefits of biodiversity conservation vegetable production practices. Thirdly, the main barrier to biodiversity conservation vegetable production practices is the short-run income viability for the farmers’ family. Finally, biodiversity conservation should be effective if farmers are supported by joint actions from both the government and businesses.
The Composition of Magmatic-Hydrothermal Fluids in Barren and Mineralized Intrusions

Abstract This paper addresses the question of whether or not there are fundamental differences in the composition of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids in barren versus variably mineralized systems, and if so, at which stage of magmatic-hydrothermal evolution the differences were generated. Combining microthermometry and laser-ablation microanalysis, we studied high-temperature, pre-mineralization fluid inclusions in three barren granites, one Sn-W-mineralized granite, one porphyry Cu-mineralized intrusion, one porphyry Mo-mineralized intrusion, and one Th-U-REE-mineralized granite, and compared the results with published data from 10 other intrusive systems. Many of the fluid inclusions are paragenetically associated with melt inclusions, providing direct insights into the stage at which metals were transferred from the crystallizing magma into the exsolving aqueous fluids. In 10 out of 14 magma systems in which the physical and compositional properties of the magmatic fluid(s) could be determined, the exsolved aqueous fluid was single-phase and of relatively low salinity (2-13 wt
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

The combined influence of temperature and the isotopic composition of the seawater (δ 18 O w ) often precludes the use of oxygen isotope (δ 18 O) records, derived from marine carbonates, to reconstruct absolute seawater temperatures, without the application of an independent δ 18 O w proxy. Here we investigate the application of carbon isotope records (δ 13 C shell ), derived from the long-lived marine bivalve Glycymeris glycymeris , as a proxy for δ 18 O w variability. Our analyses indicate G. glycymeris δ 13 C shell data derived from growth increments>20years of age contain strong ontogenetic trends (−0.013‰ yr −1 , R =0.98, P < 0.001, N =51). These analyses demonstrate that, coupled with the ontogenetic trends, 54% of the variability in G. glycymeris δ 13 C shell records can be explained by a combination of the marine Suess effect and physical (salinity and riverine input) and biological processes (primary production). The application of these δ 13 C shell data in conjunction with co-registered δ 18 O shell and growth increment width series, each of which have been shown to be sensitive to seawater temperature and primary productivity respectively, can therefore provide new insights into past environmental variability and help constrain uncertainties on reconstructions of past seawater temperature variability.