Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis Of Social Skills In The Problem Based Learning Model Reviewed From The Cognitive Style

The social skills of elementary school students during the learning process still show selfishness, individualism, and only gather with their chosen group. Therefore, the collaboration between students is less established and the social skills of students are less developed. The research objective was to describe the social skills of fourth grade students with the problem based learning (PBL) model of mathematics learning in terms of cognitive style. The research method used in this study was descriptive qualitative method with case study design. The data collection technique used were tests, observations, and interviews. The population in this study was grade IV SDN Karangtengah 01 and the research subjects consisted of teachers and students who were divided into independent field cognitive subject (FI) and field dependent (FD) subjects. The results showed that the FD subject social skills were better than the FI subjects, however, the FI subject learning outcomes were better than the FD subjects.
Opportunities and Challenges for Paleoaltimetry in “Small” Orogens: Insights From the European Alps

Many stable isotope paleoaltimetry studies have focused on paleoelevation reconstructions of orogenic plateaus such as the Tibetan or Andean Plateaus. We address the opportunities and challenges of applying stable isotope paleoaltimetry to “smaller” orogens. We do this using a high‐resolution isotope tracking general circulation model (ECHAM5‐wiso) and explore the precipitation δ18O (δ18Op) signal of Cenozoic paleoclimate and topographic change in the European Alps. Results predict a maximum δ18Op change of 4–5‰ (relative to present day) during topographic development of the Alps. This signal of topographic change has the same magnitude as changes in δ18Op values resulting from Pliocene and Last Glacial Maximum global climatic change. Despite the similar magnitude of the isotopic signals resulting from topographic and paleoclimate changes, their spatial patterns across central Europe differ. Our results suggest that an integration of paleoclimate modeling, multiproxy approaches, and low‐elevation reference proxy records distal from an orogen improve topographic reconstructions.
Effects of 16-Year Deer Exclusion on the Forbs and Tree Saplings in a Beech (Fagus crenata) Forest Degraded by Sika Deer in Eastern Japan

ABSTRACT Long-term exclusion of deer may decrease some plant species through interspecific competition. I studied the effects of deer exclosures for 16 y on tall forbs and tree saplings inside and outside three exclosures of beech forest in the Tanzawa Mountains, eastern Japan. Understory cover ranged from 69% to 95%, and herb-layer height ranged from 1.1 to 1.4 m, inside and outside the exclosures. The density of 2–4 of 18 targeted tall forb species was significantly greater inside than outside the exclosures (Mann–Whitney U-test, P < 0.05). No species showed a higher density outside the exclosures. Mature ramet density of tall forbs was greater inside than outside exclosures, with the exception of two species. No clear relationship between forb densities and those of tree saplings was observed. The maximum height of saplings of most tree species exceeded the height of the herb layer. The mode of tree sapling height was 1–2 m and the tree density ≥2 m in height was 2260–5400 ha–1, whereas no tree saplings >1 m in height were observed outside the exclosures. The results suggested that deer exclusion for 16 y maintained growth of tall forbs and concurrently promoted establishment of tree saplings, and almost no suppression of forbs and tree saplings was induced by the dense understory.
Unraveling Disinformation: The Case of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17

ABSTRACT Disinformation has become an important aspect within today’s security environment. However, despite the burgeoning literature on the topic, only few studies deconstruct the concept of disinformation by making use of empirical evidence. This article intends to contribute to our understanding of disinformation, by analyzing the numerous deceptive messages that were spread in the aftermath of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17, that crashed in the summer of 2014 in eastern Ukraine. More specifically the article emphasizes what kind of deceptive messages were being disseminated, what the strategic narrative was behind these messages, what deception mechanisms were used, what communication channels were used to disseminate the messages and finally what effects these messages had.To do this, the article draws upon investigative research done by the Bellingcat collective as well as on an analysis of numerous newspaper articles, videos and web-blogs. The paper concludes with a plea for more evidence-based research to further unravel the concept of disinformation and the effects it has.
Development of mathematical models of everyday life factors on glycaemia, identifiable in outpatients with type 1 diabetes

Insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus is used to manage and maintain near normal blood glucose. However, this therapy balances treating hyperglycaemia and avoiding hypoglycaemia, both of which have negative health consequences. Optimal insulin doses are often uncertain in everyday life. Factors that are often overlooked can noticeably alter the metabolism of glucose and insulin, which can confound glycaemic control. Four major categories of everyday life factors have been reviewed in depth in the literature: nutritional variability, psychological effects, physical activity and metabolic rhythms. Physiological mathematical models have long been used to study, observe and control glycaemia. However, relatively little physiological modelling of everyday outpatient factors has been carried out. Clinical data of subjects with type 1 diabetes experiencing everyday life events such as exercise, meals, snacks and insulin boluses was used as the basis for model development. In particular, the inclusion of the appearance of insulin from subcutaneous infusion, and the effect of exercise on plasma insulin and glucose concentration have been modelled. The insulin system was modelled with multiple physiological compartments while the effect of exercise was initially modelled with a data-driven autoregressive technique before basis models were developed. Practical identifiability was considered to be a mathematically limiting factor for model complexity and specificity given that high quality data is generally not available in the outpatient environment. Hence, model development strongly considered practical identifiability. For example, a number of analyses were employed to determine which of multiple options for the insulin model had the optimal complexity. The result was that one of the simpler models had the best compromise between fit, parameter
Preferences of growing ducklings and turkey poults for illuminance

The illuminance and spectral power distribution in 19 duckling and 16 turkey poult houses in the UK were sampled. Illuminance was highly variable within duckling houses and to a lesser extent in housing for turkey poults. In a free choice experiment, the preferences of commercial ducklings and turkey poults for four incandescent illuminances (<I, 6, 20 and 200 Ix; Osram, 60 W, Pearl) were tested at 2 and 6 weeks of age. Four replicate flocks of 12 birds were given continuous access to four compartments illuminated with each illuminance for six days. The illuminances were changed daily between the compartments. After two days of conditioning, the birds’ location and behaviour was recorded at 10 min intervals over 22 h. Nine and 12 defined behavioural categories were recorded for the ducklings and poults respectively. Ducklings spent significantly more time occupying the three brightest light environments both at 2 and 6 weeks of age, and the least time in the dimmest. Illuminance had a significant effect on the partition of behaviours amongst the light environments. At 2 weeks of age, locomotion and environmentally directed pecking occurred most often in 6, 20 and 200 lx, whereas at 6 weeks, preening and feeding also occurred more often in these light environments. At 6 weeks of age, resting, standing and drinking occurred significantly more often in 6 lx than in the dimmest environment. Turkeys spent most time in the brightest environment at 2 weeks of age, but in 20 and 200 Ix at 6 weeks. This change in overall preference was reflected in the partition of different behaviours between the light environments. At 2 weeks of age, all behaviours were observed to occur most often in 200 lx. At 6 weeks, resting and perching were observed least often in <I lx, whereas all other activities were observed more in the two brightest light environments. These results show that ducklings and turkey poults have significant but differing preferences for illuminance, and imply that some spatial or temporal variation in the ambient illuminance of housing would be consistent with their preferences.
Inside the viewers’ mind: The effects of movies featuring teachers in regards to teacher’s role and attitude

This paper investigates the link between media and the teacher image, with an outlook of critical understanding and pedagogy; it works with teacher-stories, with teacherroles, searching for the perceived difference between “good” and “bad” teachers in movies. The paper looks at how positive and negative movie clips are generating associations, experiences, and attitudes in the viewers generally, with the use of a questionnaire and screening of film episodes. The study is motivated by the assumption that media, and especially the “Hollywood Curriculum” sets up unrealistic expectations to the average person, portraying even radical ideas as liberating, or liberal. The research also looks further into the connection between the ethical dimensions in movies and the Hollywood curriculum. This includes analyzing the narrative basis of the teacher image in movies, leaving the question open in the end: how can we teach the next generation to use the media while being aware?
Ultramicrobacteria from Nitrate- and Radionuclide-Contaminated Groundwater

The goal of the present work was to investigate the physicochemical and radiochemical conditions and the microbial diversity in groundwater collected near the Lake Karachai (Russia), which was formerly used for the disposal of liquid radioactive waste, to isolate the dominant bacteria, and to determine their taxonomy and the physiological characteristics responsible for their adaptation to this environment. Groundwater samples contained high concentrations of acetate, oxalate, nitrate, and sulfate, as well as radionuclides. High-throughput sequencing and analysis of the clone libraries revealed lower microbial diversity in the most strongly contaminated groundwater and a predominance of bacteria of the genera Polynucleobacter, Pusillimonas, Candidatus Pelagibacter, and of the candidate phylum Parcubacteria; these groups include species with an ultra small cell size. Archaeal sequences in the libraries belonged to ammonium oxidizers of the phylum Thaumarchaeota and methanogens of the phylum Euryarchaeota. Pure cultures of obligate and facultative ultramicrobacteria belonging to the genera Chryseobacterium, Microbacterium, Salinibacterium, Pusillimonas, Roseomonas, and Janibacter were isolated from water samples. In genomes of Pusillimonas and Roseomonas strains the genes associated with nitrate reduction, resistance to heavy metals and metalloids were revealed. Several isolates are able to participate in the geochemical process of nitrate conversion to N2 using acetate; this results in decreasing redox potential, which in turn may stimulate radionuclide reduction and decrease radionuclide migration in groundwater.
Pharmacovigilance Knowledge and Attitude of Health Professionals: A Preand Post-intervention Study

Objective: The objective of the current study was to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitude towards pharmacovigilance in Ribat University Hospital, Sudan. Methods: This was a pre and post-intervention study conducted at the National Ribat University Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. The sample size was calculated as 98. The phases of the study were as follow: Pre- intervention phase: Knowledge and attitude of health professionals towards Pharmacovigilance were assessed by using a pre-tested questionnaire after obtaining ethics approval and a written informed consent. Intervention phase: The health professionals were divided into four subgroups. Each group had the same number and categories of the sample. Each subgroup received structured information about Pharmacovigilance by either lecture sessions, pamphlets, mobile phones (SMS) or posters. The sessions were conducted by the researcher. Post-intervention phase: Reassessment of knowledge and attitude of health professionals towards Pharmacovigilance took place by using a pre-tested questionnaire. Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude was based on Likert scale. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed by SPSS version 21. Results: The mean respondents’ pharmacovigilance knowledge was improved from 45% to 64% between pre and post-intervention phases (p=0.007). The mean respondents’ pharmacovigilance attitude was improved from 78% to 84.3% between pre and postintervention phases (p=0.254). Conclusion: The study concluded that, pharmacovigilance knowledge of health professionals in Ribat University Hospital, Sudan is inadequate. Most health professionals have positive attitude towards pharmacovigilance. Health professionals’ knowledge of pharmacovigilance significantly improves after intervention. Pharmacists showed higher level of pharmacovigilance knowledge (92.9%) compared to physicians (66%) and nurses (25%). Healthcare professionals with less years of experience showed higher pharmacovigilance knowledge (69.6%) compared to the more experienced (42.6%).
Constricted migration contributes to persistent 3D genome structure changes associated with an invasive phenotype in melanoma cells

To spread from a localized tumor, metastatic cancer cells must squeeze through constrictions that cause major nuclear deformations. Since chromosome structure affects nucleus stiffness, gene regulation and DNA repair, here we investigate how confined migration affects or is affected by 3D genome structure. Using melanoma (A375) cells, we identify phenotypic differences in cells that have undergone 10 rounds of constricted migration. These cells display a stable increase in migration efficiency, elongated morphology, and an abnormal distribution of Lamin A/C and heterochromatin. Using Hi-C, we observe changes in chromosome spatial compartmentalization specific to constricted cells and related alterations in expression of genes associated with migration and metastasis. These cells also show increased nuclear deformations when cultured in a 3D collagen matrix and altered behavior when co-cultured with fibroblasts in organoids. Our observations reveal a relationship between chromosome structure changes, metastatic gene signatures, and the abnormal nuclear appearance of aggressive melanoma.
Evaluating investment fund performance in Portugal

The investment fund market has not only attracted increasing interest from investors seeking alternative investments but has also become increasingly important among professionals and academics. Within this framework, this study seeks to contribute to the research developed through identifying the inducers of investment fund performance in Portugal. The sample consists of 78 funds, covering the timeframe from 2006 to 2016, incorporating stock funds, bond funds, mixed funds and treasury funds analysed in accordance with the panel data methodology. This work finds variables such as risk, rotation, size, age, interest rates, commissions and benchmarks as highly significant determinants of mutual fund performance and when followed by mutual fund managers, may enhance their returns. The originality and value of the work stands on completing certain gaps and deepen knowledge about the Portuguese market, carrying out additional research on the funds marketed in Portugal, focusing on a more diversified asset market, expanding both the number of funds under study and the sampling period while seeking to identify the most relevant factors for performance and how they condition it. The main limitation of this study stems from the difficulties of collecting information due to limitations imposed by current data protection legislation, which restricted both the scope and the depth of analysis. When choosing the Portuguese context, we face constraints in comparison with studies made in more developed contexts where this theme has been studied for a longer period of time.
Are Analysts Really Optimistic in Their Stock Recommendations? The Case of the Polish Capital Market

ABSTRACT This paper examines the relation between the quality of forecasts and the types of analysts’ stock recommendations. Using hand-collected data on stock recommendations issued for companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) in the period 2005–2012, we find that, despite analysts’ clear tendency to issue positive stock recommendations, this tendency generally does not affect the quality of their forecasts in all types of stock recommendations. The accuracy of forecasts, however, decreases as the complexity of the forecasted items (revenue, EBIT, net income, and FCF) increases. We also find no clear difference in the level of analysts’ optimism (pessimism) in their forecasts between different types of stock recommendations, but analysts’ optimism is visible in the size of their forecasts’ overestimation. The findings can help in assessing the value of the stock recommendation on the WSE.
Application of Distributed Databases for Information Systems Fertilizer Management

The purpose of this study is to identify and build applications that will integrate two databases and testing system by using black-box. The stages of the research method were systematic observation, data collection, system design, manufacture, and final system testing. The results of this study are the implementation of distributed database-based fertilizer buying and selling transactions that are used as online fertilizer stock reporting from retailers to distributors. The conclusion of this study is by utilizing the Internet with the proposed system (distributed database application) than providing an alternative in the process of fertilizer transactions by distributor and fertilizer stores.
Safety and efficacy of Natuphos® E (6‐phytase) as a feed additive for avian and porcine species

Abstract Natuphos® E is a feed additive that contains a 6‐phytase available in powder, granulated and liquid forms which is intended to be used as a feed additive for avian and porcine species. The production strain of the phytase present in the product is a genetically modified strain of Aspergillus niger. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that the genetic modification of the production strain does not give rise to safety concerns. The production strain and its DNA were not detected in the concentrate used to formulate the products. Based on the tolerance studies provided, the Panel concluded that the additive is safe for the target species under the conditions of use with a wide margin of safety. The Panel also concluded that the use of the product as a feed additive does not give rise to concerns for consumers. Evidence was provided showing that the additive is not toxic by inhalation or irritant for skin or eyes, however, it should be regarded as a dermal sensitiser and a potential respiratory sensitiser. The use of the additive as a feed additive poses no risks to the environment. Based on the efficacy studies provided, the Panel concluded that the additive has the potential to be efficacious in chickens for fattening, turkeys for fattening, piglets, pigs for fattening and sows. These conclusions were extended to chickens reared for laying, turkeys reared for breeding and extrapolated to minor poultry species and other avian species for fattening and to the point of lay and to minor porcine species. The Panel considered that there was insufficient information to conclude on the efficacy in laying hens.
Global Variability of Simulated and Observed Vegetation Growing Season

Vegetation phenology and its variability have substantial influence on land‐atmosphere interaction, and changes in growing season length are additional indicators of climate change impacts on ecosystems. For these reasons, global land surface models are routinely evaluated in order to assess their ability to reproduce the observed phenological variability. In this work, we present a new approach that integrates a wider spectrum of growing season modes, in order to better describe the observed variability in vegetation growing season onset and offset, as well as assess the ability of state‐of‐the‐art land surface models to capture this variability at the global scale. The method is applied to the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) simulations and LAI3g satellite observation. The comparison between data and model outputs shows that CLM4.5 is capable of reproducing the growing season features in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitude and high latitude, but also displays its limitations in areas where water availability acts as the main driver of vegetation phenological activity. Besides, the new approach allows evaluating land surface models in capturing multigrowing‐season phenology. In this regard, CLM4.5 proves its ability in reproducing the two‐growing‐season cycles in the Horn of Africa. In general, the new methodology expands the area of analysis from northern midlatitude and high latitude to the global continental areas and allows to assess the vegetation response to the ongoing climate change in a larger variety of ecosystems, ranging from semiarid regions to rain forests, passing through temperate deciduous and boreal evergreen forests.
Reflecting back, looking forward: A content analysis of scientific programs from the 2013–2016 Canadian Sex Research Forum annual conferences

The vision of the Canadian Sex Research Forum (CSRF) is to be Canada’s leading organization dedicated to interdisciplinary, theoretical, and applied sexuality research. We sought to determine the composition of four previous CSRF Annual Conference (2013–2016) scientific programs. We double-coded 356 abstracts on first author region, discipline, and faculty status; presentation format (oral/poster); and several nonexclusive yes/no questions regarding study populations, topics, and methods. We calculated odds ratios (OR) to assess trends (per year) and likelihood of oral versus poster presentation. Most of authors were from psychology (86.5%), although this decreased over time (98.1% to 80.5%). Most abstracts used quantitative methods (82.9%) and there was a decrease over time in abstracts using qualitative (26.4% to 16.3%) and experimental (17.0% to 7.3%) methods. For study population and topic, there were increases over time in clinical population foci (7.6% to 23.6%) and decreases in race/ethnicity foci (3.8% to 0.8%) and methods topics (18.9% to 5.7%). Half of the abstracts were oral presentations (44.9%), which were more frequently awarded to faculty (81.1% vs. 38.6%), sexual practice topics (50.7% vs. 40.8%), relationship topics (52.3% vs. 40.7%), methodology topics (50.0% vs. 44.2%), and theory papers (71.4% vs. 43.3%). Oral presentations were less frequently awarded to single sex/gender populations (36.7% vs. 48.4%), student-only populations (35.3% vs. 51.2%), race/ethnicity foci (20.0% vs. 45.5%), and quantitative methods (43.4% vs. 52.5%). To achieve CSRF’s vision of ‘‘interdisciplinary, theoretical, and applied research,’’ we must undertake intentional strategic action (e.g., more content from non-psychology disciplines, more qualitative methods).