Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal segregation of ocean sunfish species (Molidae) in the eastern North Pacific

Ocean sunfishes or molas (Molidae) are difficult to study as a result of their extensive movements and low densities in remote waters. In particular, little is known of the environmental niche separation and differences in the reproductive or movement ecology of molids in sympatry. We investigated spatiotemporal dynamics in the distribution of the common mola Mola mola, sharptail mola Masturus lanceolatus, and slender mola Ranzania laevis in the eastern North Pacific. We used observer data from a commercial fishery consisting of 85 000+ longline sets spanning 24 yr, >50° in longitude, and >45° in latitude. Satellite altimetry analysis, species distribution modeling, and multivariate ordination revealed thermal niche separation, spatiotemporal segregation, and distinct community associations of the 3 molid species. Our quantitative findings suggest that the common mola is a more temperate species, while slender and sharptail mola are more (sub) tropical species, and that slender (and possibly also sharptail) mola undergo spawning migrations to the region around the Hawaiian Islands. In addition, we identified potential effects of fishing gear type on molid catch probability, an increasing trend in catch probability of a vulnerable species perhaps related to a shift in the distribution of fishing effort, and the possible presence in the fishery of a fourth molid species being misidentified as a congener, all of which are important conservation considerations for these enigmatic fishes.
Advancing Empire: English Interests and Overseas Expansion, 1613–1688. L. H. Roper. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. xii + 302 pp. $32.99.

Review Number: 2246 Publish date: Thursday, 24 May, 2018 Author: L. H. Roper ISBN: 9781107545052 Date of Publication: 2017 Price: £25.99 Pages: 312pp. Publisher: Cambridge University Press Publisher url: http://www.cambridge. org/gb/academic/subjects/history/colonial-american-history/advancing-empireenglish-interests-and-overseas-expansion-16131688? format=PB#7tGPCjKl4v3E7D7H.97 Place of Publication: Cambridge Reviewer: David Hope
Reduced-Rank Filtering-Based Semiblind MIMO-OFDM Sparse Channel Estimation

This article derives and analyzes novel, semiblind data/channel estimation algorithms for block-based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission in sparse channels. A novel reduced equalizer (with few active taps) is introduced and the semiblind sparse channel/data estimation problem is solved via reduced-rank filtering methods. A novel arrangement of the “full” equalizer matrix allows data/channel estimation, with fewer received OFDM blocks (in channels with short coherence time). The “reduced” equalizer then further reduces the number of OFDM blocks for estimation. The novel, reduced-rank filters are analyzed and shown to be equivalent to some nonblind Bayesian and “natural gradient” methods, widely used for sparse estimation. Thus, the novel method can be considered a blind Bayesian method, which is not available in the literature, and whose perturbation analysis is performed. Simulation results illustrate that the novel semiblind estimators perform much better than existing blind/training-based sparse methods (even including the popular compressed sensing and Bayesian methods), when few training subcarriers are available (which may occur in futuristic, pilot-starved massive MIMO-OFDM systems), at much reduced complexity.
The Estimation of Combining Ability and Heterosis Effect for Yield and Yield Components in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) at Lowland

A study was conducted in a 6 × 6 full diallel cross set of tomato including reciprocals to estimate the general combining ability, speciŞc combining ability and heterosis for yield per plant (g) and yield components, namely number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight (g) fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), locule number, and fruit thickness (cm). The experiment was conducted from March to August 2013 at Bogor Agricultural University Experiment Field, BogorIndonesia. Randomized Complete Block Design was used with three replications. Data from Fl generation and parents were analyzed using the GrifŞng Method. SigniŞcant differences among genotypes were obtained for all the traits. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) and speciŞc combining ability (SCA) were highly signiŞcant indicating the presence of additive as well as non-additive gene effects except the fruit thickness. The tomato genotype IPB 78 is parental with the best general combining ability for yield per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit thickness. The tomato genotype IPB T73 x IPB T3 proved to be the best general combiner for yield and number of fruits per plant. The tomato genotype IPB T3 x IPB T1 proved to exhibit best heterosis for yield per plant and fruit thickness
The effect of external debt on domestic investment in sub-Saharan African sub-regions

This paper investigates the effect of external debt on domestic investment in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) during the period 1980-2017. It focuses on four zones in SSA (EAC, ECOWAS, CEMAC and SADC) and the methodology adopted is the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The Results show that external debt has a positive effect on domestic investment in SADC and EAC, with bearable debt threshold, which account for 74.33% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the EAC zone. For CEMAC and ECOWAS, the effect of external debt on domestic investment is rather negative, but for a debt threshold below 94.73% of GDP in CEMAC, the effect on investment is positive. Our results imply that public policies for improving domestic investment and assuring sustainable debt should be promoted: to concentrate investments in sectors with ripple effects that can boost other sectors; to observe multilateral surveillance across countries over the long term; and strengthening investment thanks to the improvement of the business climate.
Wheat VRN1, FUL2 and FUL3 play critical and redundant roles in spikelet development and spike determinacy

ABSTRACT The spikelet is the basic unit of the grass inflorescence. In this study, we show that wheat MADS-box genes VRN1, FUL2 and FUL3 play critical and redundant roles in spikelet and spike development, and also affect flowering time and plant height. In the vrn1ful2ful3-null triple mutant, the inflorescence meristem formed a normal double-ridge structure, but then the lateral meristems generated vegetative tillers subtended by leaves instead of spikelets. These results suggest an essential role of these three genes in the fate of the upper spikelet ridge and the suppression of the lower leaf ridge. Inflorescence meristems of vrn1ful2ful3-null and vrn1ful2-null remained indeterminate and single vrn1-null and ful2-null mutants showed delayed formation of the terminal spikelet and increased number of spikelets per spike. Moreover, the ful2-null mutant showed more florets per spikelet, which together with a higher number of spikelets, resulted in a significant increase in the number of grains per spike in the field. Our results suggest that a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying wheat spikelet and spike development can inform future strategies to improve grain yield in wheat. Summary: The wheat MADS-box proteins VRN1, FUL2 and FUL3 are essential for the initial development of the lateral and terminal spikelets, and control the number of spikelets per spike.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON SPORTING BEHAVIOR, MINDFULNESS AND WELL-BEING

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected individual well-being negatively;to mitigate the impact, psychological resources are required Material and methods Both the WHO WBI-5: 5-item World Health Organization Well Being Index and MAAS: Brown and Ryan (2003) Mindfulness Attention and Awareness Scale were utilized in this study on 827 university students (age 25 29 +/- 8 09) Statistical Package IBM SPSS v 24 was used and significance level was set at p &lt;= 0 05 Results We found significant positive correlation between dispositional mindfulness and well-being (R=0 347;p=0 001) Significant differences in mindfulness and well-being were noted between the regularly physically active and non-active groups (Z=-2 850;p=0 004;and Z=-2 152;p=0 031, respectively) The population was subdivided into 3 groups (1) professional athlete;(2) recreational athlete;(3) inactive;we found significant differences in mindfulness (Chi-square value=14 406;p=0 001) and well-being (Chi-square value=19 341;p&lt;0 001) across the group In paired analysis we found significant differences in mindfulness between groups 1-2 (Z=-2 885;p&lt;0 001), 1-3 ( Z=-3 537;p&lt;0 001) and 2-3 (Z=-2 130;p=0 033) Significant differences in well-being were observed between groups 1-3 (Z=-2 273;p=0 023) and 2-3 (Z=-4 235;p&lt;0 001) We found significant differences regarding the duration (Chi-square value=342 856;p&lt;0 001) and number of trainings before and during quarantine (Chi-square value=214 552;p&lt;0 001) Conclusions Intensive and regular physical activity facilitates the psychological factors which support individual well-being Exercising regularly and/or competitively appears to offer a protective effect on mental health
A Deep Learning-Based Mobile Crowdsensing Scheme by Predicting Vehicle Mobility

Mobile crowdsensing is an emerging paradigm that selects users to complete sensing tasks. Recently, mobile vehicles are adopted to perform sensing data collection tasks in the urban city due to their ubiquity and mobility. In this article, we study how mobile vehicles can be optimally selected in order to collect maximum data from the urban environment in a future period of tens of minutes. We formulate the recruitment of vehicles as a maximum data limited budget problem. The application scenario is generalized to a realistic online setting where vehicles are continuously moving in real-time and the data center decides to recruit a set of vehicles immediately. A deep learning-based scheme through mobile vehicles (DLMV) is proposed to collect sensing data in the urban environment. We first propose a deep learning-based offline algorithm to predict vehicle mobility in a future time period. Furthermore, we propose a greedy online algorithm to recruit a subset of vehicles with a limited budget for the NP-Complete problem. Extensive experimental evaluations are conducted on the real mobility dataset in Rome. The results have not only verified the efficiency of our proposed solution but also validated that DLMV can improve the quantity of collected sensing data compared with other algorithms.
Comparative biology of invasive rugose spiralling whitefly Aleurodicus rugioperculatus martin on three host plants

Comparative biology of invasive rugose spiralling whitefly (RSW) Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was studied on three host plants viz., coconut (Cocos nucifera L), banana (Musa spp. L) and Indian shot (Canna indica) under caged as well as field conditions. The RSW life cycle was shorter on coconut as compared to that of banana and Indian shot plant. Thus, coconut is the preferred host for its growth and development with a fecundity of 49.50± 4.09 eggs and total duration of the nymphal instars being of 23.2± 1.38 days. Duration to lifestages on banana was less under field conditions as compared to that under caged conditions. These results on the comparative biology and growth will help to develop suitable IPM strategies for this invasive pest.
Phytoremediation of 1,4‐Dioxane by Hybrid Poplar Trees

1,4‐Dioxane (dioxane), a suspected carcinogen, is a persistent environmental pollutant that is difficult to remove from contaminated sites. This work investigated the feasibility of vegetative uptake as a site remediation alternative. In hydroponic studies, hybrid poplar cuttings (Populus deltoides × nigra, DN 34, Imperial Carolina) removed 23 mg/L dioxane rapidly. Within 9 days, a removal of 54.0 ± 19.0% was achieved. This removal corresponded to a transpiration stream concentration factor of 0.72 ± 0.07. Poplars also effectively remediated a dioxane‐spiked soil (10 mg/kg). Only 18.8 ± 7.9% of the initial dioxane spike remained in planted soil after 15 days, compared with 72.0 ± 7.7% remaining in sterilized, unplanted soil. In both hydroponic and soil experiments, 76 to 83% of the dioxane taken up by poplars was transpired from leaf surfaces to the atmosphere, where it can be readily dispersed and photodegraded. These results suggest that phytoremediation is a viable alternative to remove dioxane from contaminated sites and should be considered for other hydrophilic contaminants.
Protective role of breastfeeding status, chronic health problems, and temperament of children in maltreatment by mothers

Objective In order to reduce parental violence against children, it is necessary to establish risk factors associated with maltreatment of children in different societies. This study aims to evaluate the impact of mother-child characteristics on self-reported mother’s maltreatment (physical or emotional abuse) against pre-school children. Material and Methods The general characteristics of mother-infant pairs and maternal knowledge and attitudes about violence were taken using a questionnaire at routine child health supervision. Overall, 244 mother-infant pairs were enrolled and mothers described their child as easy-going (27.0%), normal (61.1%), and naughty (11.9%). Results Of all mothers, 32.8% had been exposed to violence in their childhood. According to maternal self-reports, 82.4% of the mothers abused their children emotionally and 24.6% physically. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that older child age, naughty or normal defined child, maternal exposure to violence during her childhood period were identified as predictors. Older child age, breastfeeding for less than 6 months, and naughty-defined child were associated with elevated odds ratio of physical abuse; however, those with a chronic disease were less likely to be abused. Conclusion Pediatricians should be aware of the fact that older preschool children, being breastfed for less than 6 months, and naughty children could be at risk for victimization.
Reopening the Coronavirus-Closed Economy

From the Abstract: The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and resulting shutdown of much of the United States to attempt to contain the SARSCoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] virus produced a sudden and unprecedented economic contraction The questions the nation face today are how and when to reopen the economy and get people back to work, while also achieving public health goals This note briefly reviews the main considerations in answering these questions, drawing from the economic research conducted over the past eight weeks This research can and should help the public and policymakers evaluate the difficult choices that lie ahead of us so we can avoid the worst case outcome - large numbers of deaths and a prolonged, deep, and painful recession COVID-19 (Disease);Economic policy;Disaster recovery
Biological Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) Emissions from the Planktonic diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

Stony Brook University Libraries. SBU Graduate School in Marine and Atmospheric Sciences. Lawrence Martin (Dean of Graduate School), Dr. John E. Mak, Thesis Advisor Associate Professor, School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Dr. Sultan Hameed Professor, School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Dr. Mary I. Scranton Professor, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sci.
Cell–Cell Adhesion and Myosin Activity Regulate Cortical Actin Assembly in Mammary Gland Epithelium on Concaved Surface

It has been demonstrated that geometry can affect cell behaviors. Though curvature-sensitive proteins at the nanoscale are studied, it is unclear how cells sense curvature at the cellular and multicellular levels. To characterize and determine the mechanisms of curvature-dependent cell behaviors, we grow cells on open channels of the 60-µm radius. We found that cortical F-actin is 1.2-fold more enriched in epithelial cells grown on the curved surface compared to the flat control. We observed that myosin activity is required to promote cortical F-actin formation. Furthermore, cell–cell contact was shown to be indispensable for curvature-dependent cortical actin assembly. Our results indicate that the actomyosin network coupled with adherens junctions is involved in curvature-sensing at the multi-cellular level.
Effect of different component of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandifloru L.) Cv. Candyman

The present investigation was conducted at Horticulture Farm, Department of Horticulture, IGKV Raipur (C.G.) during the rabi season of 2010-11. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replications. The cultivar under this investigation was “Candyman”. There were ten treatments combinations under the study namely, T1: Control, T2: 50% RDF, T3: 75% RDF, T4: 100% RDF, T5: FYM 10 t/ha, T6: 50% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha, T7: 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha, T8: Vermicompost Only 3t/ha, T9: 50% RDF + Vermicompost 3t/ha, T10:75% RDF + Vermicompost 3 t/ha. The Recommendad dose of fertilizer is i.e. 120:80:60/ha. The result indicated that the T7 (75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha) performed better in growth character namely, days to sprout, numbers of sprouts, number of leaves per plant, girth of plant base, width of leaf, height of the plant up to tip of leaf, days to spike emergence, diameter of corm, weight per corm, total corm weights per plot and number of corms per plant. However length of the spike, number of florets per spikes, vase life of cut spikes was found maximum in treatment T10 (75% RDF+ Vermicompost 3 t/ha).
The effect of sex on meat quality of fallow deer (Dama dama) from the farm located in the Middle Bohemia

Abstract The venison is popular for many properties that make it unique, for example, low intramuscular fat (IMF) content, good nutrition and sensory properties. The aim of this study was to determine the difference between sex in carcase traits, chemical and fatty acid composition in different body parts. The meat analysis was performed in 9 stag and 9 doe individuals from the farm breeding in Mokrovraty in Czech Republic. The analysis was carried out on the basis of samples taken from the carcases of fallow deer. Chemical analysis of meat from musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis (MLLT), musculus semimembranosus (MS) and musculus serratus ventralis (MSV) was performed. The fatty acid analysis was measured in MLLT. Most of the measured carcase weight parameters show sexual dimorphism, however no effect on percentage of main meat parts was detected. From chemical meat composition, the dry matter content was higher (p < .001) in stags compared to does as well as crude protein (p= .017). IMF content was not affected by sex. When compare chemical composition of muscles, MLLT and MS had higher dry matter (p= .004), ash (p < .001) and lower protein content (p= .011) compared to MSV. The fatty acid analyses showed, that stags had significantly higher content of myristic (C14:0; p= .015), pentadecanoic (C15:0; p= .008), palmitic (C16:0; p= .024), margaric (C17:0; p= .009) and myristoleic acid (C14:1c9; p= .001) in MLLT than does. Sex had no effect on the sums and ratios of fatty acids and atherogenic and thrombogenic index (TI). In conclusion, sex affected mainly weight of carcase and the chemical meat composition.
Trends in abundance and habitat associations of forest birds on southern national forests, 1992–2017

The USDA Forest Service has a legislative mandate to maintain species and community diversity on National Forest System lands and uses monitoring to determine whether national forests are meeting this goal. The Southern Region of the Forest Service adopted the Southern National Forest’s Migrant and Resident Landbird Conservation Strategy in 1996 to address conservation concerns arising from long-term population declines in many birds. The strategy implemented a regionwide program to improve monitoring, research, and management of avian populations and their habitats. Monitoring is conducted by 10-minute point counts from early April to late June across 15 national forest units. Our objective was to analyze 26 years of monitoring data collected by this program from 1992 through 2017 to assess population trends and habitat associations of birds. We used time-removal models within a hierarchical Bayesian model framework to estimate species abundance by year, population trends, and abundance related to forest type and successional class. There were 82,367 point counts completed and 1,104,423 birds detected. We determined population trends for a total of 152 species and between 58 and 117 species per national forest. Seventy-five species had a majority of positive annual trends and 68 species had a majority of negative annual trends across all national forests. We estimated abundance in relation to forest type and successional class for 101 individual bird species. Thirteen species generally had greater abundances in late-successional classes and 29 species in early-successional classes. Twenty-one species were generally more abundant in specific forest types, and abundances of 38 species were more mixed or variable among forest types. This represents the first comprehensive effort to analyze this 26-year dataset, and these results can help inform management and conservation of migrant and resident birds in the Southern Region. We suggest that additional analyses are possible to investigate causal factors for the patterns reported here and further inform management efforts.
Effects of Dietary Brown Rice on the Growth Performance, Systemic Oxidative Status, and Splenic Inflammatory Responses of Broiler Chickens under Chronic Heat Stress

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary brown rice on the growth performance, systemic oxidative status, and splenic inflammatory responses of broiler chickens under both thermo-neutral and chronic heat stress conditions. Forty 12-day-old male broiler chickens (ROSS 308) were randomly assigned to two groups and fed either a control diet (corn-based) or a brown rice-based diet. After seven days (19 days old), both groups were randomly divided into two sub-groups (n=10), one of which was exposed to heat stress (33°C for 14 days), while the other was maintained at 24°C. Heat exposure reduced the body weight gain and feed intake (p<0.01) of both groups. In terms of oxidative plasma states, heat exposure reduced the glutathione peroxidase activity and increased the ceruloplasmin content, while the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and reduced glutathione levels were not affected adversely. Heat exposure activated the immune responses, as evidenced by increased plasma immunoglobin levels, and altered splenic immune-related gene expressions including heat shock proteins, toll-like receptor 4, and interleukin-12. Under both thermo-neutral and heat stress conditions, dietary brown rice improved the growth performance, decreased the immunoglobulin levels, and down-regulated the expression of splenic immune-related genes of broilers, although their systemic oxidative status was not affected. Dietary brown rice should be considered as a valuable component of broiler chicken feeds subjected to both thermo-neutral and heat stress conditions. The positive effects of brown rice on bird performance may be associated with the modulation of the immune responses, as reflected by the decreased production of immunoglobulins and altered splenic immune-related gene expression.