Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The eﬀects of Entrepreneurship and Sectoral Outputs on three Dimensions of Sustainable Development: A Literature Review and an Empirical Assessment for Developed Countries

Sustainable development is the normative objective to follow a development trajectory viable in the long-term by balancing economic, environmental and social needs. There is a shared consensus that entrepreneurship and sectorial outputs are considered as a principal canal to create sustainable products and services and implement new projects that address many environmental and social concerns. Therefore, this paper examines what entrepreneurship and sectoral outputs contribute with regard to sustainability. More precisely, the specific focus of this paper is to examine the influence of entrepreneurship and sectoral outputs on different dimensions of sustainable development. As for the empirical data, they were gathered from a panel of 21 development countries covering the 2001-2016 period. In fact, using the FMOLS technique, the empirical evidence indicates that entrepreneurship and sectoral outputs have a significant positive impact on the economic, ecological and social sustainable development dimensions.
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION SITES IN PLASMOID-DOMINATED RELATIVISTIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION

We investigate the distribution of particle acceleration sites, independently of the actual acceleration mechanism, during plasmoid-dominated, relativistic collisionless magnetic reconnection by analyzing the results of a particle-in-cell numerical simulation. The simulation is initiated with Harris-type current layers in pair plasma with no guide magnetic field, negligible radiative losses, no initial perturbation, and using periodic boundary conditions. We find that the plasmoids develop a robust internal structure, with colder dense cores and hotter outer shells, that is recovered after each plasmoid merger on a dynamical timescale. We use spacetime diagrams of the reconnection layers to probe the evolution of plasmoids, and in this context we investigate the individual particle histories for a representative sample of energetic electrons. We distinguish three classes of particle acceleration sites associated with (1) magnetic X-points, (2) regions between merging plasmoids, and (3) the trailing edges of accelerating plasmoids. We evaluate the contribution of each class of acceleration sites to the final energy distribution of energetic electrons: magnetic X-points dominate at moderate energies, and the regions between merging plasmoids dominate at higher energies. We also identify the dominant acceleration scenarios, in order of decreasing importance: (1) single acceleration between merging plasmoids, (2) single acceleration at a magnetic X-point, and (3) acceleration at a magnetic X-point followed by acceleration in a plasmoid. Particle acceleration is absent only in the vicinity of stationary plasmoids. The effect of magnetic mirrors due to plasmoid contraction does not appear to be significant in relativistic reconnection.
Trajectories of a dust particle in a "sheared slab" unperturbed magnetic con(cid:133)guration

The dust particles di⁄usion induced by a magnetic (cid:133)eld with linear x -dependence of the shear and without turbulence is studied. The solutions of the Newton -Lorentz equation of dust particles are obtained for physically relevant parameter values; we obtained also the trajectories for di⁄erent values of the shear parameter and the Larmor frequency.
Islamic home ﬁnancing in Pakistan: A SEM based approach using modiﬁed TPB model

The present study attempts to examine the Islamic home financing using the modified theory of planned behavior model (TPB). A sample data of 375 is conveniently drawn from walk-in customers of Islamic banks located in the biggest city Karachi. This study employed both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to confirm the validity and reliability of the measurement model. The modified theoretical framework was examined by applying the structural equation modelling (SEM) using frequently reported goodness-of-fit indices. The findings indicate that the original constructs of TPB model, attitude (ATT), subjective norm (SN) and perceived behavioral control has a positive and significant impact on the customer intention to use Islamic home financing. Furthermore, ATT is found to be the most influential factor in determining the customer intention towards Islamic home financing. On the other hand, we introduced two new factors, pricing on home financing (PHF) and religious belief (RB), which proved their presence in the TPB model by showing a significant impact on the customer intention to use the facility of home financing. In addition, PHF has a negative impact while religious belief has a positive relationship with the customer intention to use Islamic home financing in Pakistan. This study also suggests that the standard TPB model is successfully modified by introducing PHF and RB factors. Therefore, Islamic bank managers should consider this study to promote the Islamic home financing facility in Pakistan. This study adopts the than TPB model and uses convenience sampling. Results suggest that is
Phenomenological study of the electronic transport coefficients of graphene

Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid. CSIC. Cantoblanco. E-28049 Madrid, Spain(Dated: February 2, 2008)Using a semi-classical approach and input from experiments on the conductivity of graphene, wedetermine the electronic density dependence of the electronic transport coeﬃcients – conductivity,thermal conductivity and thermopower – of doped graphene. Also the electronic density dependenceof the optical conductivity is obtained. Finally we show that the classical Hall eﬀect (low ﬁeld) ingraphene has the same form as for the independent electron case, characterized by a parabolicdispersion, as long as the relaxation time is proportional to the momentum.
Birnbaum’s Theorem Redux

We revisit Birnbaum’s results on the Likelihood Principle, reorganizing and making a few formal changes which address some of the criticisms at the original development. The meaning of the results for different theories of statistical inference is exemplified, and the role of the Likelihood Principle as means to assess the consistency of those theories is emphasized.
The s-Process in Rotating Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars

We model the nucleosynthesis during the thermal pulse phase of a rotating, solar metallicity, asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star of 3 M☉, which was evolved from a main-sequence model rotating with 250 km s-1 at the stellar equator. Rotationally induced mixing during the thermal pulses produces a layer (~2 × 10-5 M☉) on top of the CO core where large amounts of protons and 12C coexist. With a postprocessing nucleosynthesis and mixing code, we follow the abundance evolution in this layer, in particular that of the neutron source 13C and of the neutron poison 14N. In our AGB model mixing persists during the entire interpulse phase because of the steep angular velocity gradient at the core-envelope interface, thereby spreading 14N over the entire 13C-rich part of the layer. We follow the neutron production during the interpulse phase and find a resulting maximum neutron exposure of τmax = 0.04 mbarn-1, which is too small to produce any significant s-process. In parametric models, we then investigate the combined effects of diffusive overshooting from the convective envelope and rotationally induced mixing. Just adding the overshooting and leaving the rotational mixing unchanged results in a small maximum neutron exposure (0.03 mbarn-1). Models with overshoot and weaker interpulse mixing—as perhaps expected from more slowly rotating stars—yield larger neutron exposures. In a model with overshooting without any interpulse mixing a neutron exposure of up to 0.72 mbarn-1 is obtained, which is larger than required by observations. We conclude that the incorporation of rotationally induced mixing processes has important consequences for the production of heavy elements in AGB stars. While through a distribution of initial rotation rates, it may lead to a natural spread in the neutron exposures obtained in AGB stars of a given mass in general—as appears to be required by observations—it may moderate the large neutron exposures found in models with diffusive overshoot in particular. Our results suggest that both processes, diffusive overshoot and rotational mixing, may be required to obtain a consistent description of the s-process in AGB stars that fulfills all observational constraints. Finally, we find that mixing due to rotation within our current framework does increase the production of 15N in the partial mixing zone. However, this increase is not large enough to boost the production of fluorine to the level required by observations.
A faint galaxy redshift survey to B=24

Using the multislit LDSS-2 spectrograph on the {\it William Herschel Telescope} we have completed a redshift survey in the magnitude range $22.5 1$ and includes the highest redshift galaxy ($z=1.108$) yet discovered in a field sample. The median redshift, $\zmed=0.46$, and form of the redshift distribution constitute compelling evidence against simple luminosity evolution as an explanation of the large excess of faint galaxies ($\simeq\times$2--4 no-evolution) seen in this magnitude range. Rather we identify the excess population as blue objects with $z\sim 0.4$ and $B$\, luminosities similar to local $L^*$ galaxies indicating a dramatic decrease in the density of such objects over the last Hubble time, confirming the trends found in brighter redshift surveys. We also find a marked absence of {\it very} low redshift galaxies ($z<$0.1) at faint limits, severely constraining any significant steepening of the local field galaxy luminosity function at low luminosities.
Discrete orthogonal polynomials: Asymptotics and applications

Preface vii Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Asymptotics of General Discrete Orthogonal Polynomials in the Complex Plane 25 Chapter 3. Applications 49 Chapter 4. An Equivalent Riemann-Hilbert Problem 67 Chapter 5. Asymptotic Analysis 87 Chapter 6. Discrete Orthogonal Polynomials: Proofs of Theorems Stated in x2.3 105 Chapter 7. Universality: Proofs of Theorems Stated in x3.3 115 Appendix A. The Explicit Solution of Riemann-Hilbert Problem 5.1 135 Appendix B. Construction of the Hahn Equilibrium Measure: the Proof of Theorem 2.17 145 Appendix C. List of Important Symbols 153 Bibliography 163 Index 167
Multi-frequency study of the B3–VLA sample I. 10.6-GHz data

We present radio continuum data for 1050 B3 radio sources at 10.6 GHz. These sources constitute the B3-VLA sample which is complete down to 100 mJy at 408 MHz. The aim is the construction of a homogeneous spectral database for a large sample of radio sources, 10 times fainter than the Kuhr et al. (1981) sample, in the range 151 MHz to 10.6 GHz. Extended and complex radio sources (53) were mapped; the remaining ones were observed with cross-scans. We detected 99% of the radio sources with a flux density error of about 1 mJy for the fainter ones. The analysis of the quality of the 10.6 GHz data is presented.
Graphic organizers and the level of students’ performance and self-efficacy in an online learning environment

- Graphic organizers are research-based learning materials and approaches that help students understand a challenging subject. This study aims to see how graphic organizers influence students' performance and self-efficacy in the subject Science, Technology, and Society (STS) in an online setting. It was conducted at Quezon City University (QCU) in the first semester of Academic Year 2021–2022. It used a quasi-experimental study design technique known as the Pretest-Posttest Design. The results demonstrate that participants in the treatment group performed better than those in the control group. After obtaining lessons and learning using various graphic organizers, the subjects in the control group improved their degree of self-efficacy. The study concludes that graphic organizers seemed to influence students' performance and level of self-efficacy in STS. Teachers should use visual organizers to help students enhance their academic accomplishment and self-efficacy, particularly in an online learning setting.
THE RADIAL PROFILE AND FLATTENING OF THE MILKY WAY’S STELLAR HALO TO 80 kpc FROM THE SEGUE K-GIANT SURVEY

We characterize the radial density, metallicity, and flattening profile of the Milky Way’s stellar halo, based on the large sample of spectroscopically confirmed giant stars from SDSS/SEGUE-2, spanning galactocentric radii 10 kpc ≤ rGC ≤ 80 kpc. After excising stars that were algorithmically attributed to apparent halo substructure (including the Sagittarius stream), the sample has 1757 K giants, with a typical metallicity precision of 0.2 dex and a mean distance accuracy of 16%. Compared to blue horizontal branch stars or RR Lyrae variables, giants are more readily understood tracers of the overall halo star population, with less bias in age or metallicity. The well-characterized selection function of the sample enables forward modeling of those data, based on ellipsoidal stellar density models, ν*(R, z), with Einasto profiles and (broken) power laws for their radial dependence, combined with a model for the metallicity gradient and the flattening profile. Among models with constant flattening, these data are reasonably well fit by an Einasto profile of n = 3.1 ± 0.5 with an effective radius r eff = 15 ± 2 kpc ? > and a flattening of q = 0.7 ± 0.02, or comparably well by an equally flattened broken power law, with radial slopes of αin = 2.1 ± 0.3 and αout = 3.8 ± 0.1, with a break radius of rbreak = 18 ± 1 kpc; this is largely consistent with earlier work. We find a modest but significant metallicity gradient within the “outer” stellar halo, [Fe/H] decreasing outward. If we allow for a variable flattening q = f ( r GC ) ? > , we find the distribution of halo giants to be considerably more flattened at small radii, q(10 kpc) = 0.55 ± 0.02, compared to q(>30 kpc) = 0.8 ± 0.03. Remarkably, the data are then very well fit by a single power law with index of 4.2 ± 0.1 on the variable r q ≡ R 2 + ( z / q ( r ) ) 2 ? > . In this simple and better-fitting model, there is a break in flattening at ∼20 kpc, instead of a break in the radial density function. While different parameterizations of the radial profile vary in their parameters, their implied density gradient, ∂ ln &ngr; * / ∂ ln r ? > , is stable along a direction intermediate between major and minor axis; this gradient is crucial in any dynamical modeling that uses halo stars as tracers.
Archimedean zeta integrals on $GL_n \times GL_m$ and $SO_{2n+1} \times GL_m$

In this paper, we evaluate archimedean zeta integrals for automorphic $L$-functions on $GL_n \times GL_{n-1+\ell}$ and on $ SO_{2n+1} \times GL_{n+\ell}$, for $\ell=-1$, $0$, and $1$. In each of these cases, the zeta integrals in question may be expressed as Mellin transforms of products of class one Whittaker functions. Here, we obtain explicit expressions for these Mellin transforms in terms of Gamma functions and Barnes integrals.
Interpretable Analysis of Multivariate Functional Data by

Multivariate functional data have become increasingly popular in medical studies. Existing approaches to conducting multivariate functional data analysis (FDA) are limited in that they are difficult to interpret, since the estimates are nontrivial function of each variate of all the time points. This dissertation proposes novel interpretable multivariate FDA in two specific aspects: principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) that provide scientifically interpretable components or classifiers, which are both sparse among variates and localized in time within variates. In the first part of the dissertation we develop a novel approach to conducting interpretable PCA on multivariate multilevel functional data. We decompose the total variation into subject-level and replicate-within-subject-level variation. The sparsity and localization of components for each level is obtained through a novel localized sparse-variate functional PCA (LVPCA) achieved by solving an innovative rank-one based convex optimization problem with block Frobenius and matrix L1-norm based penalties. We apply the proposed method to the Blunted and Discordant Affect study to summarize the joint variation across multiple frequency bands for both subject-level whole-brain response as well as electrodelevel response and identify correlates with blunted affect. In the second part of the dissertation we develop a novel approach to conducting interpretable LDA on multivariate functional data. The proposed approach is a two-step procedure that first projects the high-dimensional data along localized functional basis through LVPCA proposed before, then performs sparse LDA on the low-dimensional space to select basis relevant to the between-class covariance. We apply the proposed methods to the AgeWise study to uncover physiological discriminants between older adults with and without poor self-reported sleep quality using theta EEG, melatonin and temperature.
Gamma-ray Burst Host Galaxies as Probes of Galaxy Formation and Evolution

Host galaxies are an excellent means of probing the natal environments that generate gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Surveys of long-duration GRB (LGRB) host environments and their ISM properties have produced intriguing new results with important implications for LGRB progenitor models. These host studies are also critical in evaluating the utility of LGRBs as potential tracers of star formation and metallicity at high redshifts, particularly when considering the implications for properties of host galaxies above z ~ 6. I will summarize our group's latest research on LGRB host galaxies, and discuss the resulting impact on our understanding of these events' progenitors, energetics, afterglow properties, and cosmological applications.
Productivity gap and Factor misallocation in Chinese manufacturing sector – micro perspective

This paper explores the heterogeneity of resource efficiency and investigate the associations of productivity and efficiency in relationship to ownership, region and access to capital within the Chinese manufacturing sector. We use the Hicks- Moorsteen Index to decompose within a firm efficiency conditional on ownership, sectors, and provinces for the period from 1998 until 2007. The results show a high heterogeneity of labor and capital resource efficiency among the firms. The pace of economic growth required capital investment in the sector. The consolidated results show higher misallocation of capital for State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) compared to private firms. The factor accumulation within SOEs contributed to a higher deterioration of resources. Our findings indicate necessity for growth in efficiency and support policy development for improved resource reallocation.
Revised Stellar Temperatures for Magellanic Cloud O Supergiants from FUSE and VLT-UVES Spectroscopy

We have undertaken quantitative analysis of four LMC and SMC O4--9.7 extreme supergiants using far-ultraviolet FUSE, ultraviolet IUE/HSTand optical VLT UVES spectroscopy. Extended, non-LTE model atmospheres that allow for the consistent treatment of line blanketing are used to analyse wind & photospheric spectral features simultaneously. Using Halpha to constrain dM/dt, HeI-II photospheric lines reveal T_eff's which are systematically (5-7.5kK) & substantially (15-20%) lower than previously derived from unblanketed, plane-parallel, non-LTE photospheric studies. We have confidence in these revisions, since derived T_eff's generally yield consistent fits across the entire 912-7000Ang observed spectral range. In particular, we are able to resolve previous UV-optical T_eff discrepancies. `Of' classification criteria are directly linked to (strong) nitrogen enrichment (via NIII 4097) & (weak) carbon depletion (via CIII 4647-51), providing evidence for mixing of unprocessed and CNO processed material at their stellar surfaces. Oxygen abundances are more difficult to constrain, except via OII lines in the O9.7 supergiant for which it is also found to be somewhat depleted. The effect of wind clumping is also investigated, for which PV 1118-28 potentially provides a useful diagnostic in O-star winds. Revised stellar properties affect existing calibrations of (i) Lyman continuum photons - a factor of two lower for the O4 supergiant; and (ii) kinetic energy released into the ISM by O supergiants. Our results also have importance for the calibration of the wind momentum-luminosity relationship for OB stars.
Internet kiosks in Uganda: A window of opportunities?

Internet kiosks in Uganda: A window of opportunities? Book Section How to cite: Mohamud, Khadija; Buckler, Alison; Pitt, Beck and Twining, Peter (2022). Internet kiosks in Uganda: A window of opportunities? In: Rienties, Bart; Hampel, Regine; Scanlon, Eileen and Whitelock, Denise eds. Open World Learning: Research, Innovation and the Challenges of High-Quality Education. New York, USA: Routledge, pp. 131–143.
The Impact of the JUNTOS Conditional Cash Transfer Programme on Foundational Cognitive Skills: Does Age of Enrollment Matter?

This paper studies the relationship between the age of enrolment in Peru’s conditional cash transfer programme, JUNTOS, and the foundational cognitive skills of a sample of children aged between 5 and 12 years old. Using a difference-in-differences approach and exploiting withinhousehold variation, we show that younger siblings in recipient households display significantly higher levels of inhibitory control than their older counterparts (0.11 standard deviations), having benefited from the programme for the first time at a relatively earlier age. In high-income countries, this behavioural trait has been linked to later-life outcomes such as job success, physical health, and even reduced risk of criminality. Conversely, we find little evidence that enrolment age is associated with long-term memory, working memory, or implicit learning. Employing a threshold estimator, we show that relative gains in inhibitory control are most clearly defined where a child benefits from the programme before they reach 80 months of age (6.7 years). In an extension to our main results, we then conduct mediation analysis, demonstrating that a small but meaningful proportion of this benefit (6.5%) operates through changes in the probability of the child’s timely entry into primary school.
Collective modes of a two-dimensional spin-1=2 Fermi gas in a harmonic trap

We derive analytical expressions for the frequency and damping of the lowest collective modes of a two-dimensional Fermi gas using kinetic theory. For strong coupling, we furthermore show that pairing correlations overcompensate the effects of Pauli blocking on the collision rate for a large range of temperatures, resulting in a rate which is larger than that of a classical gas. Our results agree well with experimental data, and they recover the observed cross-over from collisionless to hydrodynamic behaviour with increasing coupling for the quadruple mode. Finally, we show that a trap anisotropy within the experimental bounds results in a damping of the breathing mode which is comparable to what is observed, even for a scale invariant system.