Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FAKULT ¨AT F ¨UR INFORMATIK

This thesis covers the implementation of a hardware-aware arbitrary high order derivative discontinuous galerkin (ADER-DG) method for hyperbolic partial differential equations. This method has been of a particular interest recently, as it is able to obtain a high order solution in space and time. A speciﬁc focus of this thesis is on the optimization of such a method on a current architecture. While the implemention is only used to solve a three-dimensional advection problem, it is also applicable to other hyperbolic problems like, e.g., the elastic wave equation. A brief introduction to the mathematics of the approach is given, followed by a thorough analysis of the characteristics of the method. The implementation is optimized for running on Intel Xeon E5-2697 v3 CPUs. The matrix-matrix multiplications in the method are performed using efﬁcient library implementations and a hybrid OpenMP/MPI implementation is presented. Overall it is shown that the ADER-DG method is suitable for performance optimization on supercomputers and can be used to attain a high order of accuracy. Results for single and multi node performance on such an architecture are presented. In particular, convergence order, FLOPS and scaling are investigated. On a single node 50 % of the theoretical peak performance and on 64 nodes up to 38 % theoretical peak performance are reached.
TPM Vol

Psychological theories and research often incorporate and investigate how macroand micro-level processes cooperate to convey, provision, and envelope effects. A historical challenge in these multilevel contexts has been incorporating micro-macro, bottom-up, or emergent effects alongside the more common top-down or macro-micro effects. Although multilevel structural equation modeling provides a framework for such analyses, a persistent issue is the large sample size requirements necessary to reliably estimate parameters. In this study, we outline extensions to the recently developed Croon-based estimator for multilevel structural equation models. We then evaluate the performance of Croon’s approach under a method-of-moments corrected maximum likelihood estimator to probe models that integrate micro-macro and macro-micro effects. The results suggest that Croon’s method often outperforms maximum likelihood in terms of convergence, bias, and root mean-squared error and represents a useful complementary estimator. We provide R code that applies the estimator to an example using the lavaan package.
Genre and Attitude to Support Character Development in Children Stories

This paper examines how character development is analyzed through attitude, genre’s stages, and phases in children's stories. Relying on ten children's stories purposively selected from two children's storybooks, the results show that all ten stories are written as narratives with a number of absences of attitude, stages, and phases of the narrative genre. most stories succeed to fulfill the obligatory stages of narrative: orientation, complication, evaluation, and resolution, even others add the optional stage, coda. However, a number of stories fail to satisfy the presence of evaluation. in addition, all stories do not exploit attitude in every phase of every stage of the narrative. Even, a number of stories miss exploiting Attitude in a number of prominent phases such as introducing the character in orientation, development, and peak of the conflict in complication, and plan and act in resolution. Besides, all ten stories do not explore all types of attitude and their sub-classifications, in which each type will contribute to the holistic description of the character. Thus, although all stories can be considered to develop character along the obligatory stages of the narrative genre, they still fail to build a more complex character development through positive-negative-positive evaluation through stages and phases of the stories. Keywords: character development; genre; stages; phases; attitude
Analytical Modeling of the Temporal Evolution of Epidemics Outbreaks Accounting for Vaccinations

With the vaccination against Covid-19 now available, how vaccination campaigns influence the mathematical modeling of epidemics is quantitatively explored. In this paper, the standard susceptible-infectious-recovered/removed (SIR) epidemic model is extended to a fourth compartment, V, of vaccinated persons. This extension involves the time t-dependent effective vaccination rate, v(t), that regulates the relationship between susceptible and vaccinated persons. The rate v(t) competes with the usual infection, a(t), and recovery, μ(t), rates in determining the time evolution of epidemics. The occurrence of a pandemic outburst with rising rates of new infections requires k+b<1−2η, where k=μ(0)/a(0) and b=v(0)/a(0) denote the initial values for the ratios of the three rates, respectively, and η≪1 is the initial fraction of infected persons. Exact analytical inverse solutions t(Q) for all relevant quantities Q=[S,I,R,V] of the resulting SIRV model in terms of Lambert functions are derived for the semi-time case with time-independent ratios k and b between the recovery and vaccination rates to the infection rate, respectively. These inverse solutions can be approximated with high accuracy, yielding the explicit time-dependences Q(t) by inverting the Lambert functions. The values of the three parameters k, b and η completely determine the reduced time evolution of the SIRV-quantities Q(τ). The influence of vaccinations on the total cumulative number and the maximum rate of new infections in different countries is calculated by comparing with monitored real time Covid-19 data. The reduction in the final cumulative fraction of infected persons and in the maximum daily rate of new infections is quantitatively determined by using the actual pandemic parameters in different countries. Moreover, a new criterion is developed that decides on the occurrence of future Covid-19 waves in these countries. Apart from in Israel, this can happen in all countries considered.
ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN THE FAMA AND FRENCH THREE-FACTORS MODEL

The purpose of this study is to reexamine the ability of the Fama-French Three Risk Factor Model to explain stock portfolio returns in countries with different economic levels, as well as examine the effect of accounting information derived from book-to-market on stock portfolio returns. The sample used was a manufacturing company on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Tokyo Stock Exchange from 2013-2018. The results show that the three risk factors of the Fama-French model apply consistently to explain the variation in stock portfolio returns in developed markets. For the portfolio of shares in the emerging market, model Fama-French does not consistently assess stock portfolio returns. This research also provides empirical evidence that accounting information contained in book-to-market risk factors is only retained earnings, which has a contribution to the valuation of stock portfolio returns. The results of this study indicate that investors in developed markets are more rational and knowledgeable than emerging markets.
Using a wearable camera to support everyday memory following brain injury: a single case study

This case study examined the effect of wearable camera use on memory and occupational performance in a patient with memory loss and complex mental health problems following a severe neurological incident. With the help of his occupational therapist, Mr A used a wearable camera to record a series of eight personally significant events over a six-week period. During visits from his occupational therapist, Mr A was asked to report what he could remember about the events, both before (baseline) and during review of time-lapsed photographs captured automatically by the camera. The results showed striking improvements in recall while reviewing the photographs, relative to baseline recall, but the additional details recalled during review did not appear to be maintained at later tests, after several days. Across the study period there were moderate increases in occupational performance, measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. However, after the study period ended, Mr A ceased to use the wearable camera due to technological difficulty. The results of the study are discussed alongside novel clinical insights and suggestions for developing wearable camera support systems that can be used independently by people with memory problems.
Tobacco Consumption during Pregnancy and Its Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Background: Maternal smoking is known to pose risks to both baby and mother affecting aspects from fertility and pregnancy outcome to fetal and child development. Objective: To study the prevalence of maternal smoking globally and its adverse pregnancy outcomes. Materials and methods: Health sciences electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for studies published between 2006 to March 2020. Keywords used for the search were (“tobacco”), ("maternal smoking"), ("effects of maternal smoking") and (“globally”). A total of 29 articles were included in the review based on the eligibility criteria. Statistical software SPSS-V.23 was used for the statistical application. Result: A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 11,34,769 women, age ranged from 12-45 years and above. Maternal smoking was reported by 22.26% women. Those women who reside in rural areas, illiterate, homemaker, from low economic status and whose husband smoke have higher maternal smoking prevalence and its adverse pregnancy outcomes were reported as 23.27% low maternal weight, 62.46% anaemic mother, 8.76% low birth weight, 12.86% preterm birth, 79% low birth length and 15.77% obesity among children. Conclusion: Maternal tobacco use in any form increases risk of ill effects on mother and child health. Tobacco cessation during pregnancy is necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality related to tobacco use. Key words: Maternal smoking, cigarette, smokeless tobacco, prevalence, effects of maternal smoking, Globally.
FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL SHAREHOLDERS AND CORPORATE PAYOUT POLICY

This study examines the effect of foreign institutional shareholders (FIS) on corporate payout policy. The study employs 97 Indonesian manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2011-2015. Multivariate Tobit and Logit are employed to estimate the model. The result confirms the bird in the hand theory that FISs need assurance of their investments in the emerging market. FIS has a monitoring role over the firms since they have the ability to detect the firm’s quality and the agency problem within. The result confirms that the presence of the FIS in the firm has a positive and significant effect on both measures of corporate payout policy, dividend to net income and dividend to total asset. The presence of the FIS increases the propensity of the firm to pay a dividend.
Relative importance of tropopause structure and diabatic heating for baroclinic instability

Abstract. Misrepresentations of wind shear and stratification around the tropopause in numerical weather prediction models can lead to errors in potential vorticity gradients with repercussions for Rossby wave propagation and baroclinic instability. Using a diabatic extension of the linear quasi-geostrophic Eady model featuring a tropopause, we investigate the influence of such discrepancies on baroclinic instability by varying tropopause sharpness and altitude as well as wind shear and stratification in the lower stratosphere, which can be associated with model or data assimilation errors or a downward extension of a weakened polar vortex. We find that baroclinic development is less sensitive to tropopause sharpness than to modifications in wind shear and stratification in the lower stratosphere, where the latter are associated with a net change in the vertical integral of the horizontal potential vorticity gradient across the tropopause. To further quantify the relevance of these sensitivities, we compare these findings to the impact of including mid-tropospheric latent heating. For representative modifications of wind shear, stratification, and latent heating intensity, the sensitivity of baroclinic instability to tropopause structure is significantly less than that to latent heating of different intensities. These findings indicate that tropopause sharpness might be less important for baroclinic development than previously anticipated and that latent heating and the structure in the lower stratosphere could play a more crucial role, with latent heating being the dominant factor.
Studying Magnesium Transport in the Common Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Using Molecular and Potentiometric Approaches: Role and Characterization of the Magnesium Transporter Solute Carrier 41a1 (SLC41a1)

ii Acknowledgments.iii Table of contents.iv List of tables.vii List of figures.viii List of abbreviations.ix Chapter 1: General background.1 1.1 Fish physiology and its importance.1 1.2 General osmoand ionregulation overview.1 1.3 The gills, GI tract and integument form a regulated biological barrier.2 1.3.1 Paracellular movement. 2 1.3.2 Transcellular movement . 4 1.3.2.1 Branchial ion transport.4 1.3.2.2 Gastrointestinal ion transport.5 1.3.2.3 Renal ion transport and urine formation.6 1.4 Magnesium function and transport.7 1.5 Objective. 10 Chapter 2: Molecular characterization of SLC41a1 in C. auratus.13 Introduction. 13 2.1 Apical entry into vertebrate cells is facilitated by TRPM6 and TRPM7.13 2.2 SLC41a1 may facilitate basolateral extrusion.16 Materials and methods.22 3.1 General animal care.22 3.2 Sequencing of C. auratus SLC41a1.22 3.3 RNA isolation.23 3.4 RNA precipitation. 23 3.5 RNA resuspension.24 3.6 cDNA synthesis.24 3.7 PCR amplification.25 3.8 Cloning.25 3.9 SLC41a1 phylogenetic analysis.26 3.10 TRPM6 and TRPM7 phylogenetic analysis.27 3.11 Tissue expression . 27 3.12 qPCR.30 3.13 Dietary manipulations, diet preparation and feeding.31 3.13.1 Effect of feeding on SLC41a1 expression.32
Orbital Forcing of Organic-Rich Deposits Formation: Record of the Coniacian-Santonian OAE3 (La Luna Formation, San Miguel River Section, Venezuela); #90017 (2003)

The Coniacian-Santonian oceanic anoxic event (OAE3) is thought to be the last of the Cretaceous OAEs (Arthur et al., 1990). Compared to extensive research on the Early Cretaceous (OAE1) and middle Cretaceous (OAE2), little is known of the evolution of the Coniacian-Santonian OAE3 (Wagner, 2002; Hofmann et al., 2003). This event was geographically restricted to shallow settings in paleo-upwelling zones and epicontinental seas (Arthur et al., 1990). The relationship between Cretaceous oceanic events and rapid climatic changes is widely acknowledge, several authors had reported high-frequency cyclic variations, which correspond to the main frequencies of orbital forcing (De Boer, 1982; 1991; R.O.C.C. Group, 1986; Oglesby and Park, 1992; Van Buchem et al., 1995; Dean and Arthur, 1998; Sageman et al., 1998; Hofmann et al., 2001; Wagner, 2002; Wilson and Norris, 2001; Hofmann et al., 2003; among others).
Competing Contests with Reimbursement

This paper explores the impact of reimbursement as a policy tool when two contests compete with one another for contestant effort. Whether or not winners and/or losers are reimbursed by either contest in equilibrium depends on the number of contestants, the amount of effort they have available to allocate, the curvature of the contest success function (sensitivity to effort), and the size of the two prizes being offered. Depending on all those factors together, equilibria featuring no reimbursement at all, winner-only reimbursement, and the reimbursement of both winners and losers are all possible. Losers, however, are not reimbursed at all unless winners are fully reimbursed. It is also possible for only one contest to reimburse its participants while the other does not, in which case the contest that does reimburse is always the one that offers the smaller prize value. Finally, the competition between the two contests is often a Prisoner’s Dilemma – both would be better off in a state of zero reimbursement, but nevertheless do reimburse in Nash equilibrium. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Codes: D43, D72, D74
A correlation analysis on chlorophyll content and SPAD value in tomato leaves

To investigate relationship between tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaf chlorophyll content and Minolta SPAD-502 plus chlorophyll meter, we studied leaves at plant vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage, and conducted correlation analysis to establish most optimal function model. The results showed that the correlation of SPAD value and the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content were significantly correlated in tomato leaves. At plant vegetative growth stage, the optimal mathematic function for SPAD value and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were y = 0.0006x (r = 0.785), y = 0.0006x (r = 0.756) and y = 0.2317e (r = 0.869) respectively. At reproductive growth stage, the optimal function models were y = 0.0236x-0.0705 (r = 0.856) for chlorophyll a, y = 0.2975e (r = 0.793) for chlorophyll b and y = 0.0306x + 0.1443 (r = 0.869) for total chlorophyll. All these data proved SPAD-502 can be an effective tool used for rapid and nondestructive estimation of leaf chlorophyll content in tomato.
Effect of Salinity on the Growth Performance, Body Composition, Antioxidant Indexes of Perinereis aibuhitensis and Total Nitrogen in the Substrate

In this study, the effects of different salinity levels (9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, and 33) on the growth performance, body composition, antioxidant indexes of Perinereis aibuhitensis (initial average mass, 20.4 ± 0.3 mg) and total nitrogen in the substrate were investigated. The survival rate, specific growth rate, feed coefficient, and protein efficiency ratio under different salinity levels were measured. The results showed that the survival rate of P. aibuhitensis at the salinity level of 9 was significantly lower than that of P. aibuhitensis at other salinity levels (P 0.05). On the basis of quadratic polynomial fitting of the relationship between salinity levels and the specific growth rate, feed coefficient, and protein efficiency ratio, it was concluded that 25.36 - 25.9 is the most suitable salinity range for the growth performance of P. aibuhitensis. The main body composition (moisture, crude fat, crude protein, and ash content) was measured at different salinity levels. The results indicated that, with the increase in salinity, the moisture content of P. aibuhitensis decreased gradually; in contrast, the ash content increased gradually, as the salinity level increased. However, in the salinity range of 18 to 33, the difference in ash content was not significant (P > 0.05). Salinity had a significant influence on the crude protein content (P < 0.05), while it had no significant influence on crude body fat. Crude protein showed an increasing trend with the salinity increasing from 9 to 24, and decreased with the salinity increasing from 24 to 33. Antioxidant indexes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed, showing that in vivo MDA content was as low as the antioxidant activity at the salinity level of 24; this means low in vivo contents of active oxygen free radicals and excellent growth performance. This conclusion is consistent with that for other growth indexes. The total nitrogen content of the substrate in which the P. aibuhitensis specimens were cultured for 60 days was higher than the total nitrogen in the soil. With an increase in salinity, the total nitrogen content first decreased and then increased, and the lowest value was observed at the salinity level of about 24.
The precipitation variability of the wet and dry season at the interannual and interdecadal scales over eastern China (1901–2016): the impacts of the Pacific Ocean

Abstract. The spatiotemporal variability of rainfall in dry (October–March) and wet (April–September) seasons over eastern China is examined based on gridded rainfall dataset from University of East Angela Climatic Research Unit during 1901–2016. Principal component analysis is employed to identify the dominant variability modes, wavelet coherence is utilized to investigate the spectral characteristics of leading modes of precipitation and their coherences with the large-scale modes of climate variability, and Bayesian dynamical linear model is adopted to quantify the time-varying correlations between climate variability modes and rainfall in dry and wet seasons. Results show that first and second principal components (PCs) account for 34.2 % (16.1 %) and 13.4 % (13.9 %) of variance in dry (wet) season, and their changes are roughly coincident with phase shifts of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in both seasons. The anomalous moisture fluxes responsible for the occurrences of precipitation events in eastern China are asymmetry during high and light rainfall years in dry (wet) season. ENSO has a 4- to 8-year signal of the statistically positive (negative) association with rainfall during dry (wet) season in eastern China. The statistically significant positive (negative) associations between Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and precipitation are found with 9- to 15-year (4- to 7-year) signal. The impacts of PDO on rainfall in eastern China exhibit multiple time scales as compared to ENSO episodes, while PDO triggers a stronger effect on precipitation in wet season than dry season. The interannual and interdecadal variations in rainfall over eastern China are substantially modulated by drivers originated from Pacific Ocean, the finding has meaningful implications for regional hydrologic predictability and water resources management.
Liver Transplantation: Advances and Discussions in a Period of Organ Deficiencies

Objective: Patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are at risk for developing cirrhosis and hepatic cancer. Currently, the definitive gold-standard method of diagnosing NASH is a liver biopsy, an invasive and costly method. Our objective was to compare three non-invasive methods of identifying NASH by using data on 10,007 subjects from NHANES III (1988-1994) to determine the prevalence and variables associated with NASH, as defined by each non-invasive method.
Systematic review and meta-analysis A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on role of Asthma on Mortality rate of Patients with COVID-19

Purpose: This meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to highpoint the current literature and establish data relating the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with and without asthma. Search criteria: The Scopus, Embase, PubMed, medRxiv. org and Google Scholar databases were explored for studies associating the clinical results with and without asthmatic patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Mortality data were summarizing with the Mantel-Haenszel OR with 95% CI in a randomeffects model. Five retrospective studies encountered the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of data from 1181 asthmatic patients and 8,847 nonasthmatic patients specified that the presence of asthma had no extensive consequence on mortality rate (OR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.70–1.30; I = 0%; p = 0.79). Result: Results were steady in a sensitivity analysis. A descriptive examination of other clinical outcomes selected no modification in the duration of hospitalization and the risk of intensive care unit (ICU) transfer between asthmatic and nonasthmatic patients. Conclusion: Asthma may not upsurge the mortality of COVID-19.