Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ALHAMBRA survey: 2-D analysis of the stellar populations in massive early-type galaxies at z < 0.3

We present a technique that permits the analysis of stellar population gradients in a relatively low cost way compared to IFU surveys analyzing a vastly larger samples as well as out to larger radii. We developed a technique to analyze unresolved stellar populations of spatially resolved galaxies based on photometric multi-filter surveys. We derived spatially resolved stellar population properties and radial gradients by applying a Centroidal Voronoi Tesselation and performing a multi-color photometry SED fitting. This technique has been applied to a sample of 29 massive (M$_{\star}$ > 10$^{10.5}$ M$_{\odot}$), early-type galaxies at $z$ < 0.3 from the ALHAMBRA survey. We produced detailed 2D maps of stellar population properties (age, metallicity and extinction). Radial structures have been studied and luminosity-weighted and mass-weighted gradients have been derived out to 2 - 3.5 R$_\mathrm{eff}$. We find the gradients of early-type galaxies to be on average flat in age ($\nabla$log Age$_\mathrm{L}$ = 0.02 $\pm$ 0.06 dex/R$_\mathrm{eff})$ and negative in metallicity ($\nabla$[Fe/H]$_\mathrm{L}$ = - 0.09 $\pm$ 0.06 dex/R$_\mathrm{eff}$). Overall, the extinction gradients are flat ($\nabla$A$_\mathrm{v}$ = - 0.03 $\pm$ 0.09 mag/R$_\mathrm{eff}$ ) with a wide spread. These results are in agreement with previous studies that used standard long-slit spectroscopy as well as with the most recent integral field unit (IFU) studies. According to recent simulations, these results are consistent with a scenario where early-type galaxies were formed through major mergers and where their final gradients are driven by the older ages and higher metallicity of the accreted systems. We demonstrate the scientific potential of multi-filter photometry to explore the spatially resolved stellar populations of local galaxies and confirm previous spectroscopic trends from a complementary technique.
Pulse Electrodeposition of Lead-Free Tin-Based Composites for Microelectronic Packaging

This chapter provides a detailed overview of the various Sn-based composites solders re‐ inforced with ceramic nanoparticles. These solders are lead free in nature and are pro‐ duced by various process like powder metallurgy, ball milling, casting as well as simple and economic pulse co-electrodeposition technique. In this chapter, various electrodepos‐ ited composite solders, their synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of various prop‐ erties for microelectronic packaging applications, such as microstructure, microhardness, density and porosity, wear and friction, electrochemical corrosion, melting point, electri‐ cal resistivity, and residual stress of the monolithic Sn-based and (nano)composite sol‐ ders have been presented and discussed. This chapter is divided into the following sections: such as introduction to microelectronic packaging, synthesis routes for solders and composites, various nanoreinforcement, and the mechanism of incorporation in sol‐ der matrix, the pulse co-electrodeposition technique, the various factors affecting compo‐ site deposition, and the improved properties of composite solders over monolithic solders for microelectronic packaging applications are also summarized here.
Chemical cleansing as an adjunct to subgingival instrumentation with ultrasonic and hand devices in deep periodontal pockets: a randomized controlled study

Purpose The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to assess whether chemical cleansing using a sulfonic/sulfuric acid gel solution (HBX) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) resulted in a decrease in residual plaque and calculus in deep periodontal pockets compared to SRP alone. Methods Fifty-six patients with 56 hopeless posterior teeth, scheduled for extraction due to severe periodontitis, were enrolled in this study. Each tooth was randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 experimental procedures. The test teeth were subjected to the irrigation of the subgingival area with HBX for 2 minutes, followed by SRP with hand and ultrasonic instruments for 14 minutes, and then extracted. The control teeth received only mechanical instrumentation before extraction. Residual biofilm was evaluated on photographs and measured as total area and percentage of root surface covered by remaining plaque (RP) or calculus (RC) after treatment. Results The initial pocket depth (PD) and total subgingival root surface area were similar between the 2 treatment groups. After treatment, the total subgingival root area covered by RP and RC was statistically significantly larger (P<0.001) in the control group than in the test group. The test teeth showed a lower percentage of RP, but a higher percentage of RC than the control teeth (both P<0.001). Complete calculus removal was achieved in 42% of the control teeth surfaces and in 25% of the test teeth surfaces for a PD of 4 mm. Conclusions The additional chemical cleansing with HBX resulted in a statistically significant improvement in bacterial plaque removal during SRP of deep pockets, but it was not effective in reducing calculus deposits.
Derivative market: efficient option pricing models and predictive informational content

In this study we have examined the informational content of OMXS30 index European style call and put Options which are traded on the OMX Swedish stock exchange by applying extensions of the BS model. Firstly, we use two models (Gram-Charlier expansion and Model-Free) to obtain robust implied higher order moment estimates. Furthermore, we develop methodology which allows us to control for higher order moments and market based factors simultaneously. We find that the incorporation of skewness and kurtosis decreases structural pattern (smile) for Gram-Charlier implied volatility surface and that the market based factors, in particular liquidity, affect option pricing. Secondly, we observe that in the money put/call volume ratio has significant and robust predictive power in comparison to other types of volume ratios (including popular market sentiment put/call ratio). Finally, we test whether the implied volatility (controlled for skewness and kurtosis) is informative of the future realized volatility of the underlying. Our results confirm the existence of volatility premium which is increasing with time horizon. Furthermore by examining non-linear predictive relationship using quantile regression technique, we find that in times of market turmoil (high realized volatility) the implied volatility premium is negative.
The Structure, Process, and Outcome of Mentorship on Survivor with Schizophrenia: A Case Study

The personal recovery paradigm in schizophrenia patients require a change of service. One of the changes that can be made to support the schizophrenia recovery process is a change in the concept of the relationship between patients and nurses. Nurse mentorship for schizophrenia patients is a new terminology of innovation in a supportive relationship between health workers and patients. At present, it is not known how the structure, process, and outcome of mentorship to schizophrenia survivors. This study aimed to explain how the structure, process, and outcome of mentoring nurses to schizophrenia survivors. This research is qualitative research using the case study method involving three cases of mentorship conducted in Banyumas Regional Hospital. A total of nine participants were involved in this study which consisted of three nurses as mentors, three schizophrenia survivors, and three caregivers. Data were collected by semi-structured interview techniques, observation, and document review. After in-depth analysis seven research themes were found. Participants' perception about the structure of mentorship include the theme mentorship requires a variety of abilities of nurses and conditions of survivors who can participate in mentorship. While the mentorship process includes the theme requires patience in mentorship, giving guidance for the recovery of survivors, and facing the recurrence of survivors due to treatment factors. Participants revealed the outcome of mentorship in the theme mentors feel inner satisfaction, and survivors feel more enthusiastic about life. The results of this study provide the view that mentorship has the potential to be developed into quality nursing interventions to support the recovery process of schizophrenia survivors.
Leveraging Different Learning Rules in Hopfield Nets for Multiclass Classification

Retaining customer and finding the loyalty of an existing customer is an important aspect of today’s business industry. In this paper the study of behavior of different machine learning rules on Hopfield Nets is conducted. This is a work in continuation w.r. t the classification of a real customer dataset into four different classes of Super Premium Loyal Customer (SPL), Premium Loyal Customer (PL), Valued Customer (VC), Normal Customer (NC). This model enhances the approach of finding the loyalty of customer using Hebbian learning and Storkey learning of Hopfield Neural Network (HNN). HNN is reported to give good accuracy with image datasets but with some data preprocessing on customer dataset, it is showing very reasonable accuracy of around 85%. The proposed framework is tested on Breast cancer dataset also and results are tabulated in the paper. Keywords—Customer loyalty; Hopfield Neural Networks; learning rate; momentum; Storkey learning; Hebbian learning; Softmax activation function
The therapeutic compounds

1. A compound having the structure! or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; ! wherein Y represents or; ! A represents - (CH2) 6-, cis-CH2CH = CH- (CH2) 3- or -SN2S≡S- (CH2) 3-, wherein 1 or 2 carbon atoms may be replaced by S or O; or A is - (CH2) m-Ar- (CH2) o- wherein Ar is interarilen or geterointerarilen, the sum of m and is 1, 2, 3 or 4, and wherein one CH2 may be replaced by S or O ; ! J represents C = O, CHOH, CHF, CHCl, CHBr, CF2, CCl, SVr2 or CHCN; and! B represents aryl or heteroaryl substituted C1-10 oksoalkilom. 2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein A has a structure selected from: ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,! 3. The compound of claim 2 wherein A is 5- (3-propyl) thiophen-2-yl. 4. A compound according to claim 1 wherein A is 6-hexyl. 5. A compound according to claim 1, wherein A represents (2) -6-hex-4-enyl. 6. The compound of claim 1 having the structure wherein B represents substituted phenyl. 7. The compound of claim 1 having the structure! or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; ! wherein R represents hydrogen or a C1-10 hydrocarbon. 8. The compound of claim 1 having the structure: ! or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt! wherein R represents hydrogen or a C1-10 hydrocarbon. 9. A compound according to claim 8, wherein R is alkyl. 10. The compound of claim 8 wherein R is arylalkyl. 11. The compound of claim 1 having the structure! or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 12. The compound of claim 1 having the structure! or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 13. A method of treating baldness comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1.
Allocating Infection: The Political Economy of the Swine Flu (H1N1) Vaccine

Previous research has isolated the effect of “congressional dominance” in explaining bureaucracy‐related outcomes. This analysis extends the concept of congressional dominance to the allocation of H1N1, or swine flu, vaccine doses. States with Democratic United States Representatives on the relevant House oversight committee received roughly 60,000 additional doses per legislator during the initial allocation period, though this political advantage dissipated after the first 3 weeks of vaccine distribution. As a result political factors played a role in determining vaccine allocation only when the vaccine was in particularly short supply. At‐risk groups identified by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), such as younger age groups and first responders, do not receive more vaccine doses, and in fact receive slightly fewer units of vaccine.
The Rhythm of Flow: Detecting Facial Expressions of Flow Experiences Using CNNs

Recently, the flow state, a state in which individuals perform at the peak of their ability and are completely immersed in the task while experiencing a state of elatedness, has been the subject of active research. We introduce a novel approach of using convolutional neural networks to recognize flow in live performing musicians from analyzing their facial expression. A modified and partially re-trained version of the popular ResNet-50 architecture is employed for binary classification of flow, achieving a detection accuracy of 77.55 percent. This is done on labelled YouTube video-data of musicians with a labeling strategy that was verified through a perception experiment. Maximum accuracy within a 5-fold cross-validation is 74.98 percent with the mean exhibiting an accuracy of 65.10 percent. The results indicate that the state of flow is indeed recognizable through facial expressions of musicians. In addition, the utility of the presented model is demonstrated in two exemplary applications: Predicting the popularity of YouTube videos based on flow recognized in the faces through our system and correlating flow and six discrete emotions (neutral, happy, angry, fear, disgust, surprise).
Preventing Sensitive Information Leakage From Mobile Sensor Signals via Integrative Transformation

Ubiquitous mobile sensors on human activity recognition pose the threat of leaking personal information that is implicitly contained within the time-series sensor signals and can be extracted by attackers. Existing protective methods only support specific sensitive attributes and require massive relevant sensitive ground truth for training, which is unfavourable to users. To fill this gap, we propose a novel data transformation framework for prohibiting the leakage of sensitive information from sensor data. The proposed framework transforms raw sensor data into a new format, where the sensitive information is hidden and the desired information (e.g., human activities) is retained. Training can be conducted without using any personal information as ground truth. Meanwhile, multiple attributes of sensitive information (e.g., age, gender) can be collectively hidden through a one-time transformation. The experimental results on two multimodal sensor-based human activity datasets manifest the feasibility of the presented framework in hiding users’ sensitive information (inference MAE increases <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>∼</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhang-ieq1-3078086.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> 2 times and inference accuracy degrades <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>∼</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhang-ieq2-3078086.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> 50%) without degrading the usability of the data for activity recognition (only <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>∼</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhang-ieq3-3078086.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>2% accuracy degradation).
Sensitivity of stratospheric dynamics to uncertainty in O3 production

Some key photochemical uncertainties that cannot be readily eliminated by current observations translate into a range of stratospheric O3 abundances in the tens of percent. The uncertainty in O3 production due to that in the cross sections for O2 in the Hertzberg continuum is studied here with the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model, which allows for interactive climate and ozone chemistry. A min‐max range in the O2 cross sections of 30%, consistent with current uncertainties, changes O3 abundances in the lower tropical stratosphere by up to 30%, with a relatively smaller and opposite change above 30 hPa. Here we have systematically examined the changes in the time‐mean state, the seasonal cycle, and the interannual variability of the temperature and circulation associated with the ±30% change in O2 cross sections. This study points to the important role of O3 in the lower tropical stratosphere in determining the physical characteristics of the tropical tropopause layer. Reducing O2 cross sections by 30% increases ozone abundances which warms the lower stratosphere (60°S −60°N; 2 K maximum at equator) and lowers the tropopause height by 100–200 m (30°S –30°N). The large‐scale warming leads to enhanced stratification near the tropopause which reduces upward wave propagation everywhere except for high latitudes. The lowermost tropical stratosphere is better ventilated during austral winter. The annual cycle of ozone is amplified. The interannual variability of the winter stratospheric polar vortices also increases, but the mechanism involves wave‐mean flow interaction, and the exact role of ozone in it needs further investigation.
Local Kalman rank condition for linear time varying systems

In this paper, we study some non-negative integers related to a linear time varying system and to some Krylov sub-spaces associated to this system. Such integers are similar to the controllability indices and have been used in the literature to derive results on the controllability of linear systems. The purpose of this paper goes in the same direction by studying the local behavior of these integers especially nearby instants in the time interval with some maximal rank condition and then apply them to get some results which generalize the mentioned existing results.
Storm-water management through Infiltration trenches

With urbanization, the permeable soil surface area through which recharge by infiltration can occur is reducing. This is resulting in much less ground-water recharge and greatly increased surface run-off. Infiltration devices, which redirect run-off waters from the surface to the sub-surface environments, are commonly adopted to mitigate the negative hydrologic effects associated with urbanization. An infiltration trench alone or in combination with other storm water management practice is a key element in present day sustainable urban drainage systems. A solution for the infiltration rate from an infiltration trench and, consequently, the time required to empty the trench is presented. The solution is in the form of integrals of complicated functions and requires numerical computation. The solution is useful in quantifying infiltration rate and/or artificial recharge of ground-water through infiltration trenches and the drain time of the trench, which is a key parameter in operation of storm water manage.
Knowledge and awareness of genetic diseases among residents of the western region of Saudi Arabia

Background: Genetic diseases result from gene mutations that disrupt the function of body systems, and most of them cannot be treated. Genetic diseases are a serious issue responsible for severe economic, emotional, and health impacts on patients and their families. In Saudi Arabia, consanguineous marriage is common, leading to an increased prevalence of genetic diseases. Therefore, Saudi Arabia has endeavored to reduce the frequency of genetic diseases by implementing the premarital screening program, which is mandatory and accessible for people planning to get married, and the genetic counseling program. Methodology: In the study, we investigated the awareness and knowledge of genetic diseases among residents of the western region of Saudi Arabia, and we conducted a cross-sectional survey focusing on the level of awareness and knowledge of genetic diseases and available healthcare. Results: We found that the residents of the western region had good knowledge about genetic diseases, but 96.10% lacked the awareness of health services provided for this type of disease. Also, 91.90% of them had a positive attitude towards genetic testing. Conclusion: The present study found that Saudi society had a good attitude toward genetic testing, such as prenatal and preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Many of the study participants were not aware, where to access genetic tests for their families, and most considered health services for patients with genetic diseases to be rudimentary, thus pointing out a lack of awareness and knowledge towards health services.
Novel stability criterion for linear system with two additive time-varying delays using general integral inequalities

Abstract: The stability analysis strategy for continuous linear system with two additive time-varying delays is proposed in this paper. First, for the purpose of analysis, the novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) consisting of integral terms based on the first-order derivative of the system state is constructed. Second, the derivative of LKF is estimated by utilizing the Wirtinger-based integral inequality and extended reciprocally convex matrix inequality. The delay-dependent stability criterions are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) framework. The results show that the system performances are improved based on both enlarging the maximum allowable upper bound of the time-delays and reducing the number of decision variables. Furthermore, the conservatism of obtained delay-dependent stability criterion is reduced. Finally, a numerical simulation is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of obtained theoretical results.
2 Swap-invariant random measures 2 . 1

In this work we analyze the concept of swap-invariance, which is a weaker variant of exchangeability. A random vector ξ in R is called swap-invariant if E ∣∣∑ j ujξj ∣∣ is invariant under all permutations of (ξ1, . . . , ξn) for each u ∈ R. We extend this notion to random measures. For a swap-invariant random measure ξ on a measure space (S,S, μ) the vector (ξ(A1), . , ξ(An)) is swap-invariant for all disjoint Aj ∈ S with equal μ-measure. Various characterizations of swap-invariant random measures and connections to exchangeable ones are established. We prove the ergodic theorem for swapinvariant random measures and derive a representation in terms of the ergodic limit and an exchangeable random measure. Moreover we show that diffuse swap-invariant random measures on a Borel space are trivial. As for random sequences two new representations are obtained using different ergodic limits.
The upper esophageal sphincter in gastroesophageal reflux disease

: The relationship of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and gastroesophageal reflux is not well established. The phenomenon of refluxate violation of the UES has been well documented. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) which occurs when the refluxate has breached the UES has been linked to various atypical reflux symptoms, including laryngitis, hoarseness, chronic cough, asthma, aspiration pneumonia, and globus. This paper aims to review existing research on both physiologic and pathological UES functions related to reflux. The vagally mediated esophago-upper sphincter contraction reflex prevents oropharyngeal reflux while the esophago-upper sphincter relaxation reflex (EURR) allows gas venting. The UES responds to liquid refluxate with a contractile response in healthy, supine subjects. This mechanism serves to protect the respiratory tract and is distinct from the UES belch relaxation reflex. This response is innate and likely diminishes with age. Deficient esophago-upper sphincter contraction reflex and hyper-attenuated EURR have been linked with symptoms of supra-esophageal reflux disease (SERD). When this type of reflux leads to symptoms and other pharyngeal, laryngeal or airway pathology, it is considered SERD. Artificial augmentation of UES pressure has been proposed as a therapeutic option for the prevention of SERD. These findings have been reproduced in subsequent studies and correlate with a reduction in regurgitation and extraesophageal symptoms.