Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lifecycle in CS1: Requirements, Domain Analysis, and Implementation

In practice, programmers start with informal requirements proposed by a customer, make the requirements precise, and implement them in a program that meets the customers needs. It is difficult for a CS1 course to convey a sense of this journey to students, since they need to understand the notional machine, technological artifacts, and the informal to formal transition at the same time. In this paper we show how to sequence the teaching of programming ideas in such a way that in a short two-month course, novice students learn to develop simple programming projects from requirements in English to a working program. We start by showing that programs are an extension of school algebra using Pugofer, a pedagogical Haskell-like language. Then we present list comprehensions, which lets us create simple programs with lists and tuples as handy "databases''. Next we teach requirements analysis for information processing situations such as library management, and create programs that represent domain concepts using data, and behaviors using functions and comprehensions. Students follow this process in their own projects. We end by teaching recursion, motivating it as a way to implement comprehensions. We have taught courses in this style three times; each time students have delivered projects as well as standard CS1 exams, and rated the course highly. It has been easy to move to imperative programming in later courses. We believe that our approach can be readily replicated, giving students the benefit of experiencing key elements of the software lifecycle early in their CS education.
The Role of Direct Instruction in Computer Science Education Research

Direct instruction is a learning theory that garners strong support as well as vociferous criticism. This poster analyzes how DI is used in CS education research, finding that most references to DI are brief and usually contrast DI to another learning theory. In cases where DI is part of a study's research design, it is usually the case that an intervention led to better learning outcomes than DI. Additionally, many studies note a student preference for more DI.
POGIL-like Learning in Undergraduate Software Testing and DevOps - A Pilot Study

Process Oriented Guided Inquiry-based Learning (POGIL) is an active learning pedagogy that emphasizes process skills in addition to content, and has been shown to improve student learning outcomes in various STEM disciplines. We developed 4 POGIL-like activities for unit testing, integration testing and continuous integration, in software engineering. We delineate one of the activities in this paper, and explain how we implemented our POGIL-like pedagogy in the classroom. We measured student success through a cognitive pre- and post-course survey for those topics, and found significant increases in score correctness gains. We also document and hypothesize reasons for the cognitive gains from the POGIL-like pedagogy.
Toward More Generalizable CS and CT Instruments: Examining the Interaction of Country and Gender at the Middle Grades Level

The lack of gender diversity in the computer science (CS) field and workforce is a well-documented challenge that many, but not all, countries face. Such a challenge may tie to socio-cultural issues that have impacted K-12 CS education, eventually creating a gender gap in CS performance and attitudes. The current study compared American and Indonesian middle school students' computational thinking (CT) skills and CS attitudes. Concurrently, this study also examined whether the items in the instruments we used exhibit country, gender, or prior CS experience measurement biases. A total of 592 American n = 242 and Indonesian n = 350 middle school students took a CT assessment and CS attitudes scale. Differential item functioning (DIF) was used to detect biased items, and a two-way ANOVA was utilized to examine the interaction effects of country and gender in the two constructs. The results showed some items were flagged as having country-specific DIF. The results also indicated that the American students had higher CT scores than Indonesian students. However, Indonesian students obtained higher CS attitudes scores compared to American students. Further results showed a significant gender difference in CS attitudes in the American samples; however, such a significant difference was not found in the Indonesian sample. These findings underscore the importance of a country's socio-cultural context in influencing gender diversity in the CS field.
Factors Affecting Project Selection in an Open Source Capstone

Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) projects operate transparently, providing excellent educational opportunities for computing students to acquire and practice both technical and softer skills that are in high demand. Humanitarian Free and Open Source Software (HFOSS) projects are FOSS projects that broadly but intentionally aim to improve the human condition. This paper analyzes data from five years of a two-semester capstone experience in which students consider a number of FOSS and/or HFOSS projects and choose one to engage with. Findings support assertions that projects with humanitarian goals are preferred by both women and students with lower confidence in their software development and teamwork skills. The data analysis is suggestive that African American, Black and Hispanic (ABH) students may also show preferences for projects with humanitarian goals. An exploratory analysis of pre-course survey data adds additional insight into how gender, race/ethnicity, student confidence and perceptions of community may influence project selection, helping to identify important directions for further investigation. Collectively the results presented here reinforce suggestions that incorporating HFOSS, or more generally computing with social value, holds potential for broadening participation in computing.
The Landscape of Teaching Resources for AI Education

Artificial Intelligence (AI) educational resources such as training tools, interactive demos, and dedicated curriculum are increasingly popular among educators and learners. While prior work has examined pedagogies for promoting AI literacy, it has yet to examine how well technology resources support these pedagogies. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic analysis of existing online resources for AI education, investigating what learning and teaching affordances these resources have to support AI education. We used the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework to analyze a final corpus of 50 AI resources. We found that most resources support active learning, have digital or physical dependencies, do not include all the five big ideas defined by AI4K12 guidelines, and do not offer built-in support for assessment or feedback. Teaching guides are hard to find or require technical knowledge. Based on our findings, we propose that future AI curricula move from singular activities and demos to more holistic designs that include support, guidance, and flexibility for how AI technology, concepts, and pedagogy play out in the classroom.
Energy regenerative tuned mass dampers in high‐rise buildings

This study investigates a novel energy regenerative tuned mass damper (TMD) with dual functions—vibration control and energy harvesting—in a high‐rise building. The energy regenerative TMD consists of a pendulum‐type TMD, an electromagnetic damper, and an energy‐harvesting circuit. A simple optimal design method for energy regenerative TMD is proposed, in which a fixed duty‐cycle buck‐boost converter is employed as the energy‐harvesting circuit to optimize the energy‐harvesting efficiency and damping coefficient of the TMD. This study is organized into two main tasks: (a) characterizing and modeling the energy regenerative TMD through laboratory testing of a scaled prototype and (b) evaluating the vibration control and energy‐harvesting performance of the energy regenerative TMD when applied in a 76‐story wind‐excited benchmark building in consideration of the nonlinearities in the energy regenerative TMD. The simulations reveal that the harvested electric power averages from hundreds of watts to kilowatts level when the mean wind speed ranges 8–25 m/s. Meanwhile, the building vibration is mitigated with the control performance comparable to the optimally designed passive TMD in a wide range of wind speed. The results in this study clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the dual‐function energy regenerative TMD when applied to building structures.
Blue-green neutrophilic inclusion bodies with concurrent liver failure as a predictor of imminent death

Abstract Objectives Blue-green, birefractory, poorly-defined, cytoplasmic inclusions in some types of leukocytes are an underdiagnosed finding, which composition and clinical significance is not well understood. Inclusions are only found on peripheral blood smear (PBS). Case presentation We report the case of a male with a history of chronic disease (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and kidney failure) admitted to the emergency room (ER) with shortness of breath, who was later transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU). The patient had a torpid disease course and ultimately died of multiorgan failure, including severe liver failure. When his status exacerbated, these inclusions were observed on PBS in conjunction with liver enzyme abnormalities. Conclusions This case confirms that blue-green inclusions on PBS in cases of acute severe liver failure with concurrent lactic acidosis should be immediately reported to the medical team, since it is suggestive of critical status and poor prognosis.
Classifying the expanding attractors on the figure‐eight knot exterior and the non‐transitive Anosov flows on the Franks–Williams manifold

The figure‐eight knot exterior N0$N_0$ supports a natural DA (derived from Anosov) expanding attractor, with which Franks–Williams constructed the first example of non‐transitive Anosov flow. This flow lies in a 3‐manifold M0$M_0$ which is the double of N0$N_0$ . We call M0$M_0$ by the Franks–Williams manifold. In this paper, we prove that, up to orbit‐equivalence, this DA expanding attractor is the unique expanding attractor supported by N0$N_0$ . We also show that, up to orbit‐equivalence, the non‐transitive Anosov flow constructed by Franks and Williams is the unique non‐transitive Anosov flow supported by M0$M_0$ . We also extend these results to a more general context.
Caries‐related salivary parameters and oral microbial flora in patients with type 1 diabetes: A meta‐analysis

This study aimed to conduct a meta‐analysis by synthesising the outcomes of studies that investigated the relationship between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and salivary flow rate (SFR), salivary pH (SpH), salivary buffer capacity (SBC), streptococcus Mutans (SM), and lactobacillus (LB) counts.
This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 19th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation.

Open vSwitch (OVS) is a widely used open-source virtual switch implementation. In this work, we seek to scale up OVS to support hundreds of thousands of OpenFlow rules by accelerating the core component of its data-path - the packet classification mechanism. To do so we use NuevoMatch, a recent algorithm that uses neural network inference to match packets, and promises significant scalability and performance benefits. We overcome the primary algorithmic challenge of the slow rule update rate in the vanilla NuevoMatch, speeding it up by over three orders of magnitude . This improvement enables two design options to integrate NuevoMatch with OVS: (1) using it as an extra caching layer in front of OVS’s megaflow cache, and (2) using it to completely replace OVS’s data-path while performing classification directly on OpenFlow rules, and obviating control-path upcalls. Our comprehensive evaluation on real-world packet traces and ClassBench rules demonstrates the geometric mean speedups of 1.9 × and 12.3 × for the first and second designs, respectively, for 500K rules, with the latter also supporting up to 60K OpenFlow rule updates/second, by far exceeding the original OVS.
UPISmartHome V.2.0 - A Consumer Product of Smart Home System with an ESP8266 as the Basis

An ESP-Mesh-based smart home system was developed in the previous research using the ESP8266 feature with 3 different nodes, such as mechanical (door lock), electrical (fan, generic power switch, or power plug), and temperature & humidity sensors. This research focused more on the addition of nodes into the IoT-based smart home infrastructure. The purpose is to design, implement, and test hardware and software intended to be incorporated into the ESP8266-based system for normal functionality. These nodes include 1) RGB lamp that is controlled by colour lightning, 2) horizontal and 3) vertical curtain 4) PIR sensor for detecting the presence of humans (suspicious people) around the house, 5) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor for examining leakage of gas cylinders within the house, 6) smoke sensor for fire detection, and 7) an electric fan using the soft-control (PWM-based) method. The fan is observed to increase in functionality from the previous research, which is regulated by a switch only (hard-control). Meanwhile, the new android application monitors the seven nodes defined without limitations. The method used by the application includes the determination of system specifications, hardware and software design (ESP8266 and android programming), implementation, and verification. The system evaluation procedure used in the previous research comprised 1) RSSI measurement, 2) power consumption, 3) Mesh connection, 4) functionality test of UPISmartHome Apps V.2. 0, and 5) the overall system (hardware & software integration). The test results by observing the RSSI parameters reveal that all nodes can be managed (control & monitor) remotely via the android application with an average distance of about 70 meters without an internet connection. Furthermore, all nodes are successfully connected to the ESP-Mesh network with effective self-routing capabilities between 40 – 50 meters because the distance between nodes above 70m cannot do self-configuration; this is the ability of ESP8266. The power consumed by each node both in idle and active conditions is not more than 2 Watts.
Versatile Germline Genes

When do germ cells establish their separate, independent identity during animal development? Animal germline cells ultimately produce eggs and sperm, providing an immortal link to the next generation. Establishing and maintaining the germline requires a conserved gene set (1), but traditionally classified “germline genes” may have a broader role in development than originally anticipated. Recent findings from less well-studied animal models suggest that in some taxa, germline genes appear to specify a multipotent cell lineage during embryogenesis, the fates of which include both somatic cells and the germ line.
“RELATIONSHIP OF OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG COTTON TEXTILE INDUSTRY WORKERS OF MIRAJ TALUKA.”

BACKGROUND: In industrialized countries, occupational asthma (OA) is the most frequent lung condition. Textile workers are more likely to be exposed to cotton dust, which has a variety of systemic and pulmonary consequences. Asthma affects workers' capacity to work, as well as their overall health and well-being, limiting both their work and daily lives. As a result, early detection and diagnosis of Work-Related Asthma is critical for minimizing the burden and morbidity of the disease, as well as improving employees' Quality of Life in the cotton textile industry. AIM: To screen Occupational Asthma among Cotton textile industry workers and to determinehow it affects their work ability and Quality of life. METHOD: This study included both male and female cotton textile industry workers who had worked in the spinning and weaving areas of the mill for at least one year and was between theages of 19 and 59. Subjects were screened according to their PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW METER values. Subjects with score on PEFM, Males <450 lit/min, Females<320 lit/min were determined & further assessed using Asthma Screening Questionnaire (ASQ) and their scores were noted. Subject who scored (>=4) on ASQ (n=101) were determined & were given AQ-20sheets to fill, values obtained from it was used to check Quality Of Life of the workers. RESULT: Among the 245 workers, 101 workers had risk of having Occupational Asthma and had average difficulty in performing their daily activity. The correlation coefficient r-value of 0.981 for ASQ and AQ20 was statistically significant at
Improving Project Management Curricula to Increase Student Employability: A Case Study

There is a growing need for qualified project managers who have skill sets that include leadership, people management, technical and business knowledge. As a result, formal project management (PM) education is increasingly important in many educational institutions. However, the prevailing industry judgment regarding the approaches taken by most institutions is that they are not adequate to meet the needs of the industry due to lack of exposure to "real" situations, lack of critical thinking and not knowing how to properly deal with conflicts. We present a case study of a novel teaching approach that combines face-to-face and/or online interactions in part to adapt to COVID-19 while increasing student employability through six complementary practices. They are a) blended learning environment, b) learn by doing, c) multidisciplinary pedagogical practices, d) continuous improvement, e) integration of teaching and research, and f) delivery by former/current project managers. © Proceedings of the 2021 AIS SIGED International Conference on Information Systems Education and Research.
MECHANICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVE PROPERTIES OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC CELLULOSE REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES

: Natural and synthetic cellulose-based composites have been used widely as they have many advantages, the most significant of which are lightweight, durable, strong, flexible, and resistant to corrosion. Although several studies have reviewed the characteristics of these composites, only limited research has investigated combining both natural and synthetic cellulose together. In this study, the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resin reinforced with different additives (sawdust and industrial cellulose) will be explored. To do this, four samples of different materials were prepared at room temperature. The first sample consisted of 100% epoxy, whilst the next sample contained 95 wt. % epoxy and 5 wt. % industrial cellulose. The third sample contained 95 wt. % epoxy and 5 wt. % natural cellulose (sawdust), and the final sample contained 95 wt. % epoxy, 2.5 wt. % natural cellulose and 2.5 wt. % industrial cellulose. The findings indicated that mechanical properties and thermal insulation can be enhanced by adding natural cellulose to the mixture. Compared to the pristine epoxy, the improvement ratios for mechanical properties were as follows: tensile strength 25%, impact strength 16.6%,
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE FISH FARMERS IN JESSORE, BANGLADESH

The study was conducted the fish farmers in some selected area at sadar upazila in Jessore under the district of Jessore from September to December 2013. A total of 100 fishermen were selected by stratified random sampling method and interviewed. The average members of single family were 5-6 people per household. Single families were much more (62 %) than joint families. Most of the fish farmers were Muslims 92% and few of them were Hindus 8%Most of them had the secondary educational background and some of them with different levels of higher education. It was found that the number of school going children was 2-3 per house. Full katcha (17 %) houses were few, while the semi-pucca (40%) and pucca (43%) houses were more abundant. Regarding health and sanitation, 31% fishermen reported to suffer fro m gastric and 17% suffered from fever. Most of the interviewees were found to take credit facilities from different sources for the subsistence of their family and their venture. The 98% were found to have their tube-wells, others using Governmental tube-well, or those belonging to schools or neighbors However, they need more institutional, organizational, and technical and credit support for their better socio-economic and sustainable livelihood.
Revisiting Object Similarity-based Patch Ranking in Automated Program Repair: An Extensive Study

Test-based generate-and-validate automated program repair (APR) systems often generate plausible patches that pass the test suite without fixing the bug. So far, several approaches for automatic assessment of the APR-generated patches are proposed. Among them, dynamic patch correctness assessment relies on comparing run-time information obtained from the program before and after patching. Object similarity-based dynamic patch ranking approaches, specifically, capture system state snapshots after the impact point of patches and express behavior differences in term of object graphs similarities. Dynamic approaches rely on the assumption that, when running the originally passing test cases, the correct patches will not alter the program behavior in a significant way, but such patches will significantly change program behavior for the failing test cases. This paper presents the results of an extensive empirical study on two object similarity-based approaches, i.e., ObjSim and CIP, to rank 1,290 APR-generated patches, used in previous APR research. We found that although ObjSim outperforms CIP, in terms of the number of patches ranked in top-1 position, it still does not offer an improvement over random baseline ranking, representing the setting with no automatic patch correctness assessment in place. This observation warrants further research on the validity of the assumptions underlying these two techniques and the techniques based on similar assumptions.
Spatial Iterative Learning Control for Robotic Path Learning

A spatial iterative learning control (sILC) method is proposed for a robot to learn a desired path in an unknown environment. When interacting with the environment, the robot initially starts with a predefined trajectory so an interaction force is generated. By assuming that the environment is subjected to fixed spatial constraints, a learning law is proposed to update the robot’s reference trajectory so that a desired interaction force is achieved. Different from existing iterative learning control methods in the literature, this method does not require repeating the interaction with the environment in time, which relaxes the assumption of the environment and thus addresses the limits of the existing methods. With the rigorous convergence analysis, simulation and experimental results in two applications of surface exploration and teaching by demonstration illustrate the significance and feasibility of the proposed method.
Can OpenAI's Codex Fix Bugs?: An evaluation on QuixBugs

OpenAI's Codex, a GPT-3like model trained on a large code corpus, has made headlines in and outside of academia. Given a short user-provided description, it is capable of synthesizing code snippets that are syntactically and semantically valid in most cases. In this work, we want to investigate whether Codex is able to localize and fix bugs, two important tasks in automated program repair. Our initial evaluation uses the multi-language QuixBugs benchmark (40 bugs in both Python and Java). We find that, despite not being trained for APR, Codex is surprisingly effective, and competitive with recent state of the art techniques. Our results also show that Codex is more successful at repairing Python than Java, fixing 50% more bugs in Python.