Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Newer long-acting insulin prescriptions to type 2 diabetes patients: prevalence and practice variation

Background Little is known about the prescription of expensive non-recommended newer long-acting insulins (glargine 300 U/ml and degludec) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Aim To identify practice variation in and practice and patient-related characteristics associated with the prescription of newer long-acting insulins to T2DM patients in primary care. Design and Setting Retrospective cohort study in Dutch general practices (Nivel Primary Care Database). Method The first prescription for intermediate or long-acting insulins in 2018 was identified for patients aged ≥40 using other T2DM drugs. Per practice, the median percentage and interquartile range (IQR) of patients with newer insulin prescriptions were calculated. Multilevel logistic regression models were constructed to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and quantify the association of patient and practice characteristics with prescriptions for newer insulins (odds ratio’s (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI)). Results 7,757 patients with prescriptions for intermediate or long-acting insulins from 282 general practices were identified. A median percentage of 21.2% (IQR=12.5-36.4%) of all patients prescribed intermediate or long-acting insulins per practice received a prescription for newer insulins. After multilevel modelling, the ICC decreased from 20% to 19%. Female sex (OR=0.77;95%CI=0.69–0.87), age ≥86 years compared to 40-55 years (OR=0.22;95%CI=0.15-0.34), prescriptions for metformin (OR=0.66;95%CI=0.53-0.82), sulphonylurea (OR=0.58;95%CI=0.51-0.66) or other newer T2DM drugs (OR=3.10;95%CI=2.63-3.66) and dispensing practices (OR=1.78;95%CI=1.03-3.10) were associated with the prescription of newer insulins. Conclusion The interpractice variation in the prescription of newer insulins is large and could only be partially explained by patient and practice related differences. This indicates substantial opportunities for improvement.
ENPAC 2003: a tidal constituent database for Eastern North Pacific Ocean

Abstract : This report describes the development of the Eastern North Pacific (ENPAC) 2003 tidal database of elevations and velocity components for eight major tidal constituents. This database was developed using the two-dimensional, depth-integrated form of the coastal hydrodynamic model, ADCIRC, which solves the shallow-water equations in the generalized wave continuity equation form. The final ENPAC 2003 incorporates the most accurate bathymetric data available. The resolution of the unstructured finite element mesh was designed to provide a high level of resolution along the continental slope and throughout the coastal waters to resolve the nonlinear hydrodynamics that dominate this area. The domain of this model extends beyond the continental shelf into deep ocean waters, but does not include any amphidromes located in the Pacific Ocean. At the open boundary, the forcing conditions are extracted from global ocean models, in the area where these models are most accurate. The results of the ENPAC 2003 model approach the error levels found in the station data that were used for model validation. (6 tables, 187 figures, 36 refs.)
Microbiological Findings in Early and Late Implant Loss

Background Implants are a predictable and well-established treatment method in dentistry. Nevertheless, looking at possible failures of dental implants, early and late loss have to be distinguished. This study aimed at microbiological aspects on surfaces of implants, which had to be removed. Methods 53 specimens of implants from 49 healthy patients have been examined. The groups investigated were implants that had to be removed in the period of osseointegration (early loss) or after the healing period (late loss). Data about the microbiological colonialization of the implant was collected using ampli�cation and high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results Both early and late implant loss was associated with increased levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Additionally. Late lost implants showed higher bacterial diversity and in addition higher abundances of Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia, while microbial communities of early loss implants were very heterogeneous. Conclusions Pathogens commonly associated with severe periodontitis were found around implants that were lost after a primarily uneventful osseointegration. P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum colonized the implant surface in early and late loss and could therefore be characteristic for implant loss in general. The reasons for early losses could be multifactorial.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS MAHASISWA CALON GURU MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN SOAL LIMIT FUNGSI BERBASIS HOTS

This research aims to describe the student teachers’ higher order thinking skills using HOTSbased limit of function. The aspects analyzed include: (1) generalizing, (2) identifying, (3) formulating problems into mathematical model, (4) making deduction and conclusion using principles, and (5) providing extended explanation. It was a qualitative descriptive research which involved nine student teachers of Class B Mathematics Education Department of Universitas Ahmad Dahlan in the P-ISSN: 2088-687X / E-ISSN: 2656-7040 19
Edinburgh Research Explorer The Extended Overlap Alternate Arm Converter

—The Alternate Arm Converter (AAC) was one of the ﬁrst modular converter topologies to feature DC-side fault ride-through capability with only a small penalty in power efﬁciency. However, the simple alternation of its arm conduction periods (with an additional short overlap period) resulted in (i) substantial 6-pulse ripples in the DC current waveform, (ii) large DC-side ﬁlter requirements, and (iii) limited operating area close to an energy sweet-spot. This paper presents a new mode of operation called Extended Overlap (EO) based on the extension of the overlap period to 60 ◦ which facilitates a fundamental redeﬁnition of the working principles of the AAC. The EO-AAC has its DC current path decoupled from the AC current paths, a fact allowing (i) smooth DC current waveforms, (ii) elimination of DC ﬁlters, and (iii) restriction lifting on the feasible operating point. Analysis of this new mode and EO- AAC design criteria are presented and subsequently veriﬁed with tests on an experimental prototype. Finally, a comparison with other modular converters demonstrates that the EO-AAC is at least as power efﬁcient as a hybrid MMC (i.e. a DC fault ride-through capable MMC) while offering a smaller converter footprint because of a reduced requirement for energy storage in the submodules and a reduced inductor volume.
Improving breast cancer diagnostics with artificial intelligence for MRI

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has a high sensitivity in detecting breast cancer but often leads to unnecessary biopsies and patient workup. We used a deep learning (DL) system to improve the overall accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis and personalize management of patients undergoing DCE-MRI. On the internal test set (n = 3936 exams), our system achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.92 to 0.93). In a retrospective reader study, there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.19) between five board-certified breast radiologists and the DL system (mean ΔAUROC, +0.04 in favor of the DL system). Radiologists’ performance improved when their predictions were averaged with DL’s predictions [mean ΔAUPRC (area under the precision-recall curve), +0.07]. We demonstrated the generalizability of the DL system using multiple datasets from Poland and the United States. An additional reader study on a Polish dataset showed that the DL system was as robust to distribution shift as radiologists. In subgroup analysis, we observed consistent results across different cancer subtypes and patient demographics. Using decision curve analysis, we showed that the DL system can reduce unnecessary biopsies in the range of clinically relevant risk thresholds. This would lead to avoiding biopsies yielding benign results in up to 20% of all patients with BI-RADS category 4 lesions. Last, we performed an error analysis, investigating situations where DL predictions were mostly incorrect. This exploratory work creates a foundation for deployment and prospective analysis of DL-based models for breast MRI. Description A system for predicting probability of breast cancer in MRI matches board-certified radiologist performance and may prevent unnecessary biopsies. Breast MRI meets AI Early detection is key to improving breast cancer outcomes. Witowski et al. developed a deep learning pipeline that improves the specificity of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of breast tissue, a technology that is sometimes used for women at higher risk of breast cancer. The authors validated this pipeline on independent cohorts, demonstrating that by decreasing false positives, this method has the potential to reduce unnecessary biopsies.
The influence of riparian-canopy structure and coverage on the breeding distribution of the southwestern willow flycatcher

There is a long history of relating bird species diversity and distributions to heterogeneity in foliage structure as seen from within the habitat and measured from the ground up. There is also an overwhelming contribution in the literature promoting and justifying a broad-scale approach to characterizing spatial patterns, especially for the purpose of relating to, and predicting, species distributions. This study draws from the relationship between birds and habitat structure but assesses heterogeneity in structure from a broader perspective. For this analysis, I compared the spatial distribution of a breeding population of the southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax extimus traillii) to the structure of a riparian zone with an emphasis on capturing patterns that are measured horizontally across the zone. Riparian zones are dynamic by nature and are structurally diverse in a natural, healthy system, and support a high density of breeding birds. The flycatcher prefers dense riparian habitat in close proximity to lentic water. The structural characteristics of the riparian zone where dense vegetation and water are present were hypothesized to be more structurally heterogeneous and to support a broader riparian zone. Riparian zone structure was mapped and stand characteristics were extracted, with the intent of relating spatial patterns in stand heterogeneity and riparian extent to the spatial distribution of the southwestern willow flycatcher. A moving window function in a GIS assessed the stand characteristics, which were imported as attributes to presence/absence data points. The extent of the analysis window was varied to determine the scale at which the habitat characteristics were most highly correlated with flycatcher presence. Correlation between the structural characteristics of the stand and the presence/absence of the flycatcher was modeled with logistic regression. Results show the flycatcher is more likely to occupy habitat that is structurally heterogeneous and has more riparian vegetation. The results also show that selection is most sensitive to habitat characteristics within a relatively close proximity.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Various Solvent Extracts of Seed of Rudrakshya (Elaeocarpus ganitrus) from Ilam District of Nepal

Elaeocarpus ganitrus (Rudrakshya) is an evergreen tree found in tropical and sub-tropical regions and has been commonly used in traditional medicine against various diseases. In the present study, phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant property of seed of Elaeocarpus ganitrus have been evaluated in hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates, saponins, terpenoids etc. The antibacterial test showed a significant zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus with the maximum zone of inhibition of 20 mm. The study showed that these extracts can be used as antimicrobial substances against various bacteria. Antioxidant activity of the methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extract were studied by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. Among the IC50 values of different extracts on DPPH assay for antioxidant determination, methanol seed extract showed the lowest value of 28.09 µg/mL. This means methanol extract of seed showed the significantly high antioxidant properties. Calculation of total phenolic content showed a significant amount of phenolic content in different solvent extracts. Methanol seed extract showed the highest total phenolic content of 174.6 mgGAE/g. Similarly, methanol seed extract showed the highest total flavonoid content of 107.13 mgQE/g. These results suggest that the seeds of the Elaeocarpus ganitrus (Rudrakshya) plant from the Ilam district of Nepal possess high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and thus, the plant can be used in the discovery of new bioactive natural products.
Analyse factorielle de données mixtes

Une methodologie factorielle permettant d'inclure a la fois des variables quantitatives et qualitatives en tant qu'elements actifs d'une meme analyse a ete proposee par B. Escofier (1979) dans le cadre de l'ACM. Il est montre ici que cette approche se confond d'une part avec la methodologie esquissee par Saporta (1990a) dans le cadre de l'ACP, et d'autre part avec une AFM dans laquelle chaque variable constitue un groupe a elle seule. L'ensemble de ces trois points de vue confere a la methode proposee par B. Escofier le statut d'une methode a part entiere dotee de plusieurs bonnes proprietes et facile a mettre en oeuvre. En combinant cette methode avec l'AFM, il est possible de realiser une AFM sur des groupes de variables mixtes ce qui est une possibilite nouvelle. Une application de cette extension de l'AFM est presentee.
Critical Care Explorations

: Several risk stratification tools were developed to predict disease progression in coronavirus disease 2019, with no external validation to date. We attempted to validate three previously published risk-stratification tools in a multicenter study. Primary outcome was a composite outcome of development of severe coronavirus disease 2019 disease leading to ICU admission or death censored at hospital discharge or 30 days. We collected data from 169 patients. Patients were 73 years old (59–82 yr old), 66 of 169 (39.1%) were female, 57 (33.7%) had one comorbidity, and 80 (47.3%) had two or more comorbidities. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% CI) for the COVID-GRAM score was 0.636 (0.550–0.722), for the CALL score 0.500 (0.411–0.589), and for the nomogram 0.628 (0.543–0.714).
Adolescent alcohol use in Estonia compared to that in Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden: results from cross-sectional surveys, 2003–2015

Background: Patterns of alcohol use often start developing during adolescence and are associated with alcohol use and dependence during adulthood. The aims of the study were to describe trends in the prevalence of monthly alcohol use from 2003 to 2015 and to analyze the associations between alcohol use and family-related and school-related factors, risk behavioral factors and perceived alcohol availability in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden.Methods: The study used nationally representative data of 15–16-year-old adolescents from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). Data from Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden collected in 2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015 were utilized (n=57,779). The prevalence of monthly alcohol use and light and strong alcohol use was calculated for each study year in all countries. A chi-square test for trend was used to evaluate statistically significant changes in alcohol use over the study period. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between alcohol use and different factors. Fully adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.Results: Monthly alcohol use decreased significantly among 15–16-year-old boys and girls in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden from 2003 to 2015. In 2015, the prevalence of monthly alcohol use among boys was 36.1% in Estonia, 44.3% in Latvia, 32.4% in Lithuania, 32.3% in Finland, and 22.4% in Sweden, and among girls, it was 39.1%, 45.9%, 35.6%, 31.8%, and 29.1%, respectively. In Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Sweden, girls had higher odds of monthly alcohol use than boys. In all countries, higher odds of monthly alcohol use were observed among adolescents who skipped school, smoked cigarettes, used cannabis, perceived alcohol to be easy to access and had parents who did not know always/often about their child’s whereabouts on Saturday nights.Conclusion: From 2003 to 2015, monthly alcohol use decreased in Estonia as well as in neighboring countries such as Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden. The factors related to alcohol use in all five countries were generally similar. Based on the study results, health promotion and alcohol policy interventions could be improved to decrease and prevent alcohol use among adolescents.
WAVELET GALERKIN ALGORITHMS FOR BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATIONS∗

The implementation of a fast, wavelet-based Galerkin discretization of second kind integral equations on piecewise smooth surfaces Γ ⊂ R3 is described. It allows meshes consisting of triangles as well as quadrilaterals. The algorithm generates a sparse, approximate stiffness matrix with N = O(N(logN)2) nonvanishing entries in O(N(logN)4) operations, where N is the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary, while essentially retaining the asymptotic convergence rate of the full Galerkin scheme. A new proof of the matrix-compression estimates is given based on derivative-free kernel estimates. The condition number of the sparse stiffness matrices is bounded independently of the meshwidth. The data structure containing the compressed stiffness matrix is described in detail: it requires O(N ) memory and can be set up in O(N ) operations. Numerical experiments show that the asymptotic performance estimates apply for moderate N . Problems with N = 106 degrees of freedom were computed in core on a workstation. The impact of various parameters in the compression scheme on the performance and the accuracy of the algorithm is studied.
Ionospheric Delay Correction for Single-Frequency Receivers

The majority of navigation satellite receivers operate on a single frequency and experience an error due to the ionospheric delay. They compensate for the ionospheric delay using an ionospheric model which typically only corrects for 50% of the delay. An alternative approach is to map the ionosphere with a network of real-time measurements, with either a thin shell approximation or a full 3D map. Here, a time-dependent 3D tomographic imaging technique is used to map the free electron density over the full-height of the ionosphere during solar maximum. The navigation solutions computed using corrections based upon models and thin-shell and full-height maps are compared in this project. The models and maps are used to calculate the excess propagation delay on the L1 frequency experienced by GPS receivers at selected locations across Europe and North America. The excess delay is applied to correct the pseudo-range single frequency observations at each location and the improvements to the resulting positioning are calculated. It is shown that the thin-shell and full-height maps perform almost as well as a dual-frequency carrier-smoothed benchmark and for most receivers better than the unfiltered dual-frequency benchmark. It is also shown that the unfiltered dual-frequency method is not reliable, which is of concern as it is a proposed upgrade to current positioning systems. The improvements in positioning accuracy vary from day to day depending on ionospheric conditions but can be up to 25m during mid-day at solar maximum conditions at European mid-latitudes. The full-height corrections perform well under all geomagnetic conditions and are considerably better than thin-shell corrections under extreme storm conditions. The transmission of the navigation correction requires a forecast, an image compression and a system of distribution across a local region. The feasibility of this is demonstrated for regions of land and near-land coastal regions across Europe.
Northumbria Research

Davidson, L. & McKenzie, K . (2010) An examination of the factors that hinder the care planning process for very young children n Scotland. Adoption and Fostering , 34(1) 33-39. Process for Very Young Children in Scotland: An Examination of the Factors That Facilitate and Hinder the Care Planning
Ecology of necrophilous and carpophilous Coleoptera in a southern New York woodland. Part I - overview.

Almost 20,000 individual Coleoptera were collected, pinned and labeled from 6 pitfall traps baited with decomposing smelt fish to attract necrophilous beetles, and 6 traps baited with decaying cantaloupe melon for carpophilous species. Six of these traps (3 pairs with each type of bait) were located on a dry slope, and 6 others in an adjacent wet valley. This field sampling was done over an 8-month period (April thru November) at Ford ham University's Calder Ecology Center, Armonk, Westchester County, New York. Approximately equal numbers of beetles were taken from each bait (fish and melon), and from each habitat (slope and valley). The trapped Coleoptera were concentrated in 10 major Families (99.4%), plus 5 minor Families (0.4%) and 18 adventitious Families (0.2%). These 10 major Fam ilies also comprised 76.5% of the total 217 species trapped. The 3 most numerous Families were the Staphylinidae (37.1%), Silphidae (21.5%) and Nitidulidae (17.9%). These were followed by the Hydrophilidae (7. 1%), Lep todiridae (4.9Wo), Histeridae (3.4%), Carabidae (2.3%), Ptiliidae (2.0%), Scarabaeidae (1.9W), Scolytidae (1.3%). Certain species were consistently attracted to fish (necrophilous) and others to melon (carpophilous). How ever, in both cases, many of the beetles are actually predatory, and some are general scavengers. Closely related species are usually separated tem porally, most often by fortnightly periods. The geography, geology and bot any of the research area are discussed as representing a southern New York woodland situated less than 50 k north of midtown Manhattan.
Historical and future contributions of inland waters to the Congo basin 1 carbon balance 2

4 School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK 5 Biogeochemistry and Earth System Modelling, Department of Geoscience, Environment and 6 Society, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, 1050, Belgium 7 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif8 sur-Yvette 91191, France 9 Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, 10 France 11 Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Centre National de la 12 Recherche Scientifique–Institut de recherche pour le développement–Université Toulouse Paul 13 Sabatier–Centre national d’études spatiales, 31400 Toulouse, France 14 UnB, Universidade de Brasília, Institute of Geosciences, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, 15 70910-900 Brasilia (DF), Brazil 16 Correspondence to: Adam Hastie (adam.hastie@ed.ac.uk) 17