Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the ribbon length to determine the viscosity of ladle-refining powder containing CaF2 using inclined plane test and advanced mathematical model

In the present research, the inclined plane test (IPT) and an author-developed advanced mathematical model were used to determine the viscosity of ladle-refining + CaF2 powder containing 3–10% CaF2 (LRC powder). The ladle slag powder is composed of such compounds as CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 containing percentages of CaF2 to make special changes to the chemical and physical properties of the compound. The procedure for determination of the viscosity obtained by IPT method was supported using a high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the ribbon lengths of LRC powder obtained by using the IPT method were related to an Arrhenius relationship of viscosity. Furthermore, from the advanced mathematical relationships, it was found that there is a very close relationship between the oxygen-to-silicon molar ratio (O/Si), basic/acidic oxide molar ratio (B/A), the number of non-bridging oxygen per tetrahedrally-coordinated atoms (NBO/T), and the chemical compositions of LRC powder. Hence, the advanced mathematical relationships from the software output, and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), were used to determine the prediction model of the viscosity of LRC powder based on its chemical composition. This model had a very good correlation with the actual values obtained.
Live birth rates in day 5 fresh versus vitrified single blastocyst transfer cycles: A cross-sectional analysis

Abstract Background The use of frozen embryo transfers (FET) in assisted reproduction has increased worldwide. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in a fresh transfer may impair endometrial-embryo synchronicity. However, there is conflicting evidence on live birth rates (LBR) and clinical pregnancy rates (CPR). Objective To compare LBRs and CPRs between single autologous day 5 fresh vs. vitrified blastocyst transfer cycles, to investigate the impact of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation on embryo-endometrium asynchrony. Materials and Methods A large cross-sectional analysis of 6002 embryo transfers (ET) comprised 3774 fresh and 2228 FET cycles from 2016 to 2019. Multivariate and subgroup analysis were performed for high responders ( > 20 oocytes). Results Univariate analysis showed no difference in LBR (28.3% vs. 27.4%, p = 0.43) and CPR (32.2% vs. 30.9%, p = 0.30); however, multivariate analysis demonstrated significantly lower LBR (OR 0.864, p = 0.046, 95% CI 0.749-0.997) and CPR (OR 0.852, p = 0.024, 95% CI 0.742-0.979) in FET compared to fresh ETs. Younger participant age, previous in vitro fertilization pregnancy, advanced blastocyst expansion, higher trophectoderm quality, and lower cumulative number of ETs all improved the odds of LBR and CPR. Conventional in vitro fertilization, rather than intracytoplasmic sperm injection, improved CPR but not LBR. Body mass index affected neither LBR nor CPR. In the subgroup, multivariate analysis of high responders showed no difference in LBR or CPR. Conclusion This study demonstrates relatively higher LBR and CPR of nearly 14% for fresh ETs compared to FETs, in multivariate analysis. A universal freeze-all strategy, without appropriate indication, may lead to suboptimal outcomes. In high responders, freeze-all cycles may be beneficial, as outcomes appear similar.
A Note on an Oscillation Criterion for an Equation with a Functional Argument

It might be thought that, as far as the oscillation of solutions is concerned, the behaviour of and would be the same as long as t - α(t) → ∞ as t→∞. To motivate the theorem presented in this note, we show first that this is not the case. Consider the above equation with α(t) = 3t/4, a(t) = l/2t2 i.e. This equation has the non-oscillatory solution y(t) = t1/2 although all solutions of are oscillatory [1, p. 121].
Incidence of Tuberculosis in HIV Sero-positive Patients at HIV Clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi District

This study on the prevalence of TB among HIV sero-positive was carried at the HIV CLINIC of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital (KIUTH), Ishaka Bushenyi district. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to conduct this research. The study targeted all patients attending KIUTH HIV/TB clinic. A standard structured and semistructured questionnaires were designed and pre-tested for validity and reliability at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital HIV/Tuberculosis clinic before being used for data collection. Data collection started by recruitment of qualified research assistants, appropriate training and orientation of the interviewers before the survey for example when reading the questions. Quantitative methods of data analysis was used in which data was presented in form of bar charts, graphs and tables. The prevalence of TB among HIV sero-positive patients attending HIV clinic at KIUTH stands at 8.06 per 100 participants. The study found that generally, people are aware about the modes of transmission of TB but there is still need for more awareness. Many patients are still not certain whether TB is curable in HIV patients. As seen from the above study, most of the people are not yet aware whether HIV goes hand in hand with tuberculosis. The prevalence of TB in HIV sero-positive attending HIV clinic at KIUTH is high. Generally, TB is affecting patients of all ages and most patients are still not aware if TB in HIV is curable. Most patients have a perception that all TB patients have HIV. Health workers in HIV clinic of KIU-TH should teach patients the modes of transmission and prevention of TB. KIUTH also need to provide easy access to TB screening services to patients. There is need for financial support by the government to the unemployed patients and low-income earners in order to curb TB infections. Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV, Sero-positive, Bushenyi District
Flexural Analysis of Thick Plates by Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory

Hyperbolic shear deformation theory is used for the flexural analysis of isotropic plates with various loading cases. The theory takes account effect of transverse shear deformation. The transverse shear strains distribution through the thickness of the plate varies according to hyperbolic cosine function. T he transverse shear stress can be obtained directly from the constitutive relations satisfying the shear stress free surface conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate , hence the theory does not require shear correction factor. Governing equations and boundary conditions are derived from the principle of virtual work. The closed-form solutions for simply supported plates subjected to various transverse loading cases are obtained. Numerical results are obtained by the present theory are compared with those of classical plate theory, first-order shear deformable theory, higher order theories and the exact theory available in the literature. The results obtained by present theory are in excellent agreement with those of exact results and other higher order theories. Thus the efficacy of the present refined theory is established. Keywords: Hyperbolic shear deformation theory, Flexural analysis, Elastic plates, Transverse s
Efficacy of regional anesthesia in hip preservation surgeries: a systematic review

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to review the current literature on perioperative pain management in hip arthroscopy, periacetabular osteotomy and surgical hip dislocation. A systematic review of the literature published from January 2000 to December 2022 was performed. Selection criteria included published randomized controlled trials, prospective reviews and retrospective reviews of all human subjects undergoing hip preservation surgery. Exclusion criteria included case reports, animal studies and studies not reporting perioperative pain control protocols. Thirty-four studies included hip arthroscopy in which peripheral nerve blocks were associated with a significant reduction in pain score (P = 0.037) compared with general anesthesia alone. However, no pain control modality was associated with a significant difference in postanesthesia care unit opioid use (P = 0.127) or length of stay (P = 0.251) compared with general anesthesia alone. Falls were the most common complication reported, accounting for 37% of all complications. Five studies included periacetabular osteotomy and surgical hip dislocation in which peripheral nerve blocks were associated with an 18% reduction in pain on postoperative Day 2, a 48% reduction in cumulative opioid use on postoperative Day 2 and a 40% reduction in hospital stay. Due to the low sample size of the periacetabular osteotomy and surgical hip dislocation studies, we were unable to determine the significant difference between the means. Due to significant between-study heterogeneity, additional studies with congruent outcome measures need to be conducted to determine the efficacy of regional anesthesia in hip arthroscopy, periacetabular osteotomy and surgical hip dislocation.
Polariton Propagation and Coherent Many-Particle Effects in Semiconductor Heterostructures

Within the last few decades, semiconductor optics has attracted considerable attention due to its many applications ranging from semiconductor lasers to single photon emitting devices. The proper theoretical description of a propagating light field which is coupled to the excitonic resonances of the semiconductor material has been a longstanding problem. It is complicated by the presence of surfaces and interfaces in semiconductor heterostructures which prevents an analytical solution of the resulting polariton problem. A microscopic formulation of the coupled light and matter dynamics is required that includes the influence of sample boundaries on the electronic system as well as on the optical fields. In a regime where the optical transmission and reflection spectra are strongly influenced by propagation effects, a theoretical description of the polariton problem is formulated. A direct solution of the non-local excitonic dynamics together with Maxwell’s equations yields a microscopic description of propagating light fields in heterostructures with a finite spatial extension. A new approach is developed in this work, in order to reduce the effort of the numerically very demanding problem. The evaluation is done in terms of exciton eigenstates which are directly determined for the confinement geometry. Finiteheight confinement potentials for the electron and hole motion as well as Fabry-Perot effects for the optical fields are included in the microscopic description. Theoretical results are discussed in detail for the linear optical regime and a direct theory-experiment comparison is presented. Optical transmission spectra are analyzed for a series of high quality ZnSe/ZnSSe heterostructures with different thicknesses of the ZnSe layers. The theoretical results are in excellent agreement with the measurements, giving a deeper understanding of polariton propagation in shallow-confinement heterostructures. To achieve the microscopic description of propagation effects in the nonlinear optical regime the dynamics-controlled truncation formalism is applied. The complicated interplay of propagation effects and optically induced many-particle correlations is analyzed for the samples. In contrast to the linear optical regime, biexcitonic correlations yield a strong coupling of different polariton resonances. This is demonstrated for a typical pump and probe setup and in a four wave mixing geometry. In order to confirm the important observations, nonlinear transmission experiments have been initiated and performed. Excellent agreement with the theoretical results has been achieved.
Bilateral Endogenous Endophthalmitis Secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae: An Uncommon but Devastating Complication

Endophthalmitis is an infection of the vitreous and/or aqueous humours, caused by bacteria or fungi, and can be either exogenous (resulting from trauma or intraocular procedures) or endogenous (hematogenous in origin). Although less common than exogenous endophthalmitis, endogenous endophthalmitis can have serious, vision-threatening consequences. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a rare cause of endogenous endophthalmitis and is associated with a poor prognosis. In this report, we present a rare case of pneumococcal endogenous endophthalmitis that led to a devastating outcome despite both medical and surgical interventions. Early systemic treatment and prompt identification of the primary source are crucial and potentially life-saving.
Ovarian Cancer in Iran: National Based Study

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the 7th most common cancer, with 239,000 new cases per year. In Iran, it is the 8th most common cancer, with an ASIR of 3.9/100,000 women. The 5-year overall survival in Iran based on previous studies is about 61% which in comparison with eastern countries has better survival. Methods: The study included patients from the Iran National Cancer Registry from 2009–2014. Several steps were taken to control data quality. This study used a Kaplan-Meier survival curve to compare OC survival rates across geographical, pathological, and other variables. All analyses were done in R (4.02) and SPSS (26), with a 0.05 P-value considered statistically significant. Results: The study enrolled 7977 cases of OC. OC's ASIR was 4.10/100,000. In epithelial and non-specific OC, ASIR was >0.5. Five-year survival was 55% and 10-year survival was 45%. Conclusion: OC is the 8th most common cancer in Iran, with lower age-specific incidence and better overall survival than East Asia and North America. In Iran, as in Eastern Europe, OC incidence correlated with reduced total fertility rate and population aging. Five and 10-year overall survival rates were 55% and 44%, respectively, higher than the West. This may be because late stage OC patients are excluded from pathology and classified as “undiagnosed” in death certificates or hospitalization files.
Species Composition and Geographic Distribution of Culicinae Mosquitoes and Their Possible Infection with West Nile Virus in Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran

Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne virus that causes a febrile disease and may cause a fatal neurological illness in humans. We aimed to investigate the geographic distribution of Culicinae mosquitoes and their possible infection with WNV in Hormozgan Province, southern Iran. Methods: Field studies were carried out from June 2017 to May 2019. Different mosquito sampling methods were used monthly to collect mosquitoes from 22 sites. The Real-Time PCR technique was used to detect the virus infection in the mosquitoes. Results: Overall, 6165 mosquitoes were caught. The species were Culex theileri (33.25%), Cx. pipiens (20.45%), Cx. quinquefasciatus (10.51%), Aedes caspius (6.33%), Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (5.82%), Ae. vexans (4.10%), Cx. sinaiticus (3.62%), Cx. antennatus (3.29%), Culiseta longiareolata (2.81%), Cx. perexiguus (2.03%), Cs. subochrea (1.95%), Cx. mimeticus (1.49%), Cx. pusillus (1.38%), Cx. univittatus (1.27%), Cx. modestus (1.14%), and Cx. sitiens (0.57%). The molecular detection of virus infection in mosquitoes found to be negative for WNV. Conclusion: The presence of many species of mosquito vectors and high population traffic increase the risk of disease transmission is very high. Therefore, the way to restrict WNV infection factors is increasing the knowledge for personal protection measures to prevent mosquito bites.
Concentration-compactness and extremal problems for a weighted Trudinger–Moser inequality

We discuss critical and subcritical general maximizing problems associated with a Trudinger–Moser type inequality for a class of weighted Sobolev spaces. The key of our approach relies in a concentration-compactness type result and sharp estimates for the concentrates level of a Moser-type functional. In particular, we give an explicit concentrating sequence that is maximizing for the maximal concentrates level. As an application, we prove the existence of a nontrivial solution for a family of quasilinear elliptic equations with critical growth.
First Principles Calculation of Heavy Particle Rate Coefficients

One important goal of aerothermodynamics research has been understanding the physics and chemistry of shock heated air formed around a space vehicle or object traveling at hypersonic speed through the upper reaches of Earth’s atmosphere. The high postshock temperatures induce chemical changes in the atmospheric gases, e.g. dissociation and ionization, and the low gas density means there are often insufficient collisions between the atomic and molecular species to maintain a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. Thus, there is a time interval after the shock before the internal energy modes are equilibrated with the gas kinetic temperature. One consequence of this nonequilibrium condition is an extra amount of photonic emission from the shock layer gas that increases the heat flux impinging on the vehicle [1]. For lunar or mars return missions, the entry velocity will exceed 10 km/s, the shock-layer gases will be mostly dissociated and radiative heating can be a significant contributor to the heat load experienced by the spacecraft. Ground-based shock tube experiments, ballistic range tests and flight tests carried out in the 1960s during development of the Apollo return capsule identified this phenomenon, but could not quantify the extent of this contribution to the total heat flux [2]. Further work in the 1980s to define the requirements for the thermal protection system (TPS) of spacecraft like the Galileo probe and the Aeroassisted Orbital Transfer Vehicle (AOTV) capsule led to a better understanding of nonequilibrium effects [2, 3]. As computer capabilities increased, NASA began to rely more heavily on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for space mission design and undertook the development of reacting
Large deviations for departures from a shared buffer

In this paper we describe how the joint large deviation properties of traffic streams are altered when the traffic passes through a shared buffer according to a FCFS service policy with stochastic service capacity. We also consider the stationary case, proving large deviation principles for the state of the system in equilibrium and for departures from an equilibrium system.
Estimating spatial models with endogenous variables, a spatial lag and spatially dependent disturbances : ﬁnite sample properties

This paper discusses estimation methods for models including an endogenous spatial lag, additional endogenous variables due to system feedback and an autoregressive or a moving average error process. It extends Kelejian and Prucha's, and Fingleton and Le Gallo's feasible generalized spatial two-stage least squares estimators and also considers HAC estimation in a spatial framework as suggested by Kelejian and Prucha. An empirical example using real estate data illustrating the different estimators is proposed. The finite sample properties of the estimators are finally investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulation.
Information Horizon of Solar Active Regions

Information theory is used to characterize the solar active region periodicities and memories from the Carrington map images 1974–2021. The active regions typically evolve and move from one map to the next. In order to track these active region structures in sequences of images, an innovative method based on information theory is developed. Image entropy provides a measure of the organization of structures in the images. The entropy can also be used as a filter to identify structures and partition the active regions, which are then registered for each image. The partitions are used to compute the mutual information and measure the information flow from the active regions from one image to the next. Finally, conditional mutual information is used to give a measure of the information flow from one image to another given the third image. The results suggest the following: (1) there is a long-term memory of two cycles or more; (2) the coherence time of the active regions is ∼2 yr; and (3) the average active region structure scale size carrying the most information is approximately 118 × 103–236 × 103 Mm2. The study has implications to the short- and long-term predictability of active regions and sunspots as well as the nature of flux transport at the Sun. Finally, our innovative method can be similarly applied to stellar data to determine the dynamics of the active regions of stars.
Bootstrap in High Dimension with Low Computation

The bootstrap is a popular data-driven method to quantify statistical uncertainty, but for modern high-dimensional problems, it could suffer from huge computational costs due to the need to repeatedly generate resamples and refit models. We study the use of bootstraps in high-dimensional environments with a small number of resamples. In particular, we show that with a recent"cheap"bootstrap perspective, using a number of resamples as small as one could attain valid coverage even when the dimension grows closely with the sample size, thus strongly supporting the implementability of the bootstrap for large-scale problems. We validate our theoretical results and compare the performance of our approach with other benchmarks via a range of experiments.
Multi-Scale Transformer Network With Edge-Aware Pre-Training for Cross-Modality MR Image Synthesis

Cross-modality magnetic resonance (MR) image synthesis can be used to generate missing modalities from given ones. Existing (supervised learning) methods often require a large number of paired multi-modal data to train an effective synthesis model. However, it is often challenging to obtain sufficient paired data for supervised training. In reality, we often have a small number of paired data while a large number of unpaired data. To take advantage of both paired and unpaired data, in this paper, we propose a Multi-scale Transformer Network (MT-Net) with edge-aware pre-training for cross-modality MR image synthesis. Specifically, an Edge-preserving Masked AutoEncoder (Edge-MAE) is first pre-trained in a self-supervised manner to simultaneously perform 1) image imputation for randomly masked patches in each image and 2) whole edge map estimation, which effectively learns both contextual and structural information. Besides, a novel patch-wise loss is proposed to enhance the performance of Edge-MAE by treating different masked patches differently according to the difficulties of their respective imputations. Based on this proposed pre-training, in the subsequent fine-tuning stage, a Dual-scale Selective Fusion (DSF) module is designed (in our MT-Net) to synthesize missing-modality images by integrating multi-scale features extracted from the encoder of the pre-trained Edge-MAE. Furthermore, this pre-trained encoder is also employed to extract high-level features from the synthesized image and corresponding ground-truth image, which are required to be similar (consistent) in the training. Experimental results show that our MT-Net achieves comparable performance to the competing methods even using 70% of all available paired data. Our code will be released at https://github.com/lyhkevin/MT-Net.