Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF POST OPERATIVE PAIN AND COSMETIC OUTCOME BETWEEN SINGLE INCISION LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY AND CONVENTIONAL THREE PORT LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

BACKGROUND : Laparoscopic appendectomy is now considered the gold standard for appendicitis, even in complicated appendicitis. The recent trend of Trans-umbilical single incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) is a further improvement of the conventional three port laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA). In this study we compared the postoperative outcomes of SILA with CLA in a tertiary care hospital located in central India. METHODS : In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients of appendicitis were operated between Dec 2013 and Oct 2015. 30 patients underwent SILA and the remaining 30 underwent CLA. From the two groups, we compared the postoperative pain and the cosmetic outcomes between the two procedures. Post operative pain scores were recorded on the visual analogue scale (VAS) 24 hours and 7 days after surgery. Cosmetic outcome was evaluated using a body image questionnaire consisting of a body image score and a cosmetic score on the 7 th and 30 th postoperative days. RESULT : There were no significant difference in the post operative pain between SILA group and CLA group 24 hours after surgery (VAS 3.13± 0.34 v/s 3.10±0.30, p=0.69) and 7 days after surgery (VAS 2.03±0.12 v/s 2±0.00, p=0.321). However, the cosmetic outcome was in favor of the SILA group over the CLA group on both postoperative day 7 [(Body image score 5.13±0.43 v/s 5.93±0.58, p<0.01), (Cosmetic score 22.20±1.24 v/s 21±0.26, p<0.01)] and on follow up after 30 days [(Body image score 5.00±0.00 v/s 5.83±0.64, p<0.01), (Cosmetic score 23.53±0.73 v/s 21.10±0.71, p<0.01)]. CONCLUSION : There is a distinct cosmetic advantage of SILA over CLA. There is no statistical difference in pain scores in immediate postoperative period or later. ABBREVATIONS : SILS- Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery, CLA- Conventional three port Laparoscopic Appendicectomy, VAS- Visual analogue scale.
Type-driven distributional semantics for prepositional phrase attachment

Combining the strengths of distributional and logical semantics of natural language is a problem that has gained a lot of attention recently. We focus here on the distributional compositional framework of Coecke et al. (2011), which brings syntax-driven compositionality to word vectors. Using type driven grammars, they propose a method to translate the syntactic structure of any sentence to a series of algebraic operations combining the individual word meanings into a sentence representation. My contribution to these semantics is twofold. First, I propose a new approach to tackle the dimensionality issues this model yields. One of the major hurdles to apply this composition technique to arbitrary sentences is indeed the large number of parameters to be stored and manipulated. This is due to the use of tensors, whose dimensions grow exponentially with the number of types involved in the syntax. Going back to the category-theoretical roots of the model, I show how the use of diagrams can help reduce the number of parameters, and adapt the composition operations to new sources of distributional information. Second, I apply this framework to a concrete problem: prepositional phrase attachment. As this form of syntactic ambiguity requires semantic information to be resolved, distributional methods are a natural choice to improve disambiguation algoritms which usually consider words as discrete units. The attachment decision involves at least four di erent words, so it is interesting to see if the categorical composition method can be used to combine their representation into useful information to predict the correct attachment. A byproduct of this work is a new dataset with enriched annotations, allowing for a more ne-grained decision problem than the traditional PP attachment problem.
ORIGINAL Atorvastatin versus Rosuvastatin as Preventive Strategies for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background and Objective: The huge assortment of accessible similar preliminaries gave very opposing ends that has made it hard to find out the best methodology for Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) anticipation in clinical practice. So this investigation meant to find compelling preventive system for CIAKI through assessing the adequacy of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin after PCI. Methods :Non-Randomized controlled trail of patients experiencing PCI done at Zagazig University and Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital. Subjects were arranged into 3 goups : group I incorporate 79 patients getting 40 mg rosuvastatin ,group II incorporate 79 patients getting 80 mg of atorvastatin ultimately group III 79 patients who didn't get high stacking portion of statins before essential PCI. Results : The rate of CIN was essentially higher among control group when contrasted against those getting statin stacking portion. Besides, CIN was related to age > 60 years, hypertension or DM , those patients with EF <50 and HB level ≤ 12 , those had dyslipidemia and their baseline Serum creatinine > 1 mg/dl (p<0.01). Conclusion : Rosuvastatin pretreatment applies an impact like atorvastatin in forestalling CIN in patients experiencing PCI.
Spin state sum models in two dimensions

We propose a new type of state sum model for two-dimensional surfaces that takes into account topology and spin. The definition used - new to the literature - provides a rich class of extended models called spin models. Both examples and general properties are studied. Most prominently, we find this type of model can depend on a surface spin structure through parity alone and we explore explicit cases that feature this behaviour. Further directions for the two dimensional world are analysed: we introduce a source of new information - defects - and show how they can enlarge the class of spin models available.
Clinical and cost effectiveness of staff training in the delivery of positive behaviour support (PBS) for adults with intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder and challenging behaviour - randomised trial CURRENT STATUS: UNDER REVIEW

Background: Although Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) is a widely used intervention for ameliorating challenging behaviour (CB), evidence for its use in adults with intellectual disability (ID) and comorbid autism (ASD) is lacking. We report a planned subsidiary analysis of adults with both ASD and ID who participated in a randomised trial of PBS delivered by health professionals. Methods: The study was a multicentre, cluster randomised trial conducted in 23 community ID services in England, participants were randomly allocated to either the delivery of PBS (n=11 clusters) or to treatment as usual (TAU; n=12). One-hundred and thirteen participants (46% of all participants in the trial) had a diagnosis of ID, autism spectrum disorder and CB ( ASD+ ); (47 allocated to the intervention arm, and 66 to the control). CB (primary outcome) was measured with the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist total score (ABC-CT). Secondary outcomes included mental health status, psychotropic medication use, health and social care costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) over 12 months. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in ABC-CT between ASD+ groups randomised to the two arms over 12 months (adjusted mean difference = -2.10, 95% CI: -11.3 7.13, p =0.655) or other measures. The mean incremental cost of the intervention per participant was £628 (95% CI -£1004 to £2013). There was a difference of 0.039 (95% CI -0.028 to 0.103) for QALYs and a cost per QALY gained of £16,080. Conclusions: Results suggest lack of clinical effectiveness for PBS delivered by specialist ID clinical teams. Further evidence is needed from larger trials, and development of improved interventions.
Imaging light responses of ganglion cells in the living eye.

The fovea dominates primate vision, and its anatomy and perceptual abilities are well studied, but its physiology has been little explored because of limitations of current physiological methods. In this study, we adapted a novel in vivo imaging method, originally developed in mouse retina, to explore foveal physiology in the macaque, which permits the repeated imaging of the functional response of many retinalganglioncells(RGCs)simultaneously.Ageneticallyencodedcalciumindicator,G-CaMP5,wasinsertedintofovealRGCs,followedbycalciumimagingofthedisplacementoffovealRGCsfromtheirreceptivefields,andtheirintensity-responsefunctions.ThespatialoffsetoffovealRGCsfromtheirconeinputsmakesthismethodespeciallyappropriateforfoveabypermittingimagingofRGCresponseswithoutexcessivelightadaptationofcones. Thisnewmethodwillpermitthetrackingofvisualdevelopment,progressionofretinaldisease,ortherapeuticinterventions,suchasinsertionofvisualprostheses.
A simplified proof of the expansion theorem for singular second order linear differential equations

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UPREGULATION OF CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN ASTROCYTES BY ASPIRIN: IMPLICATIONS FOR REMYELINATION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

factor (CNTF) in the brain may be beneficial for demyelinating disorders. Results: Aspirin, a widely-used analgesic, increases CNTF in astrocytes via PKA-CREB pathway. Conclusion: These results delineate a novel myelinogenic property of aspirin. Significance: Aspirin may be of therapeutic benefit in demyelinating disorders. primary mouse astrocytes. Cells were incubated with 10  M aspirin for different minute intervals followed by monitoring the activation of PKA (A) and PKC (B) as described under “Materials and Methods”. Cells were incubated with aspirin for different hour intervals followed by monitoring the activation of PKA (C). Results are mean + SD of three independent experiments. a p < 0.05; b p < 0.001 vs control. Cells pretreated with different concentrations of H-89 for 30 min were stimulated with aspirin followed by monitoring the mRNA expression of CNTF by real-time PCR (D) and the protein level of CNTF by Western blot (E). Bands were scanned and values are presented as relative expression (F). Results are mean + S.D. of three different experiments. a p < 0.001 vs control; b p < 0.05 & c p < 0.001 vs aspirin. Cells were transfected with PKA-siRNA and control siRNA. After 48 h of transfection, the protein level of PKA was monitored by Western blot (G). Bands were quantified and presented as relative to control (H). Results are mean + SD of three independent experiments. a p < 0.001 vs control. Under similar treatment condition, the mRNA expression of CNTF was monitored by real-time PCR (I). The protein level of CNTF was monitored by Western blot (J). Bands were quantified and presented as relative to control (K). Results are mean + S.D. of three different experiments.
2012 Astrometric Eﬀects of a Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background

A stochastic gravitational wave background causes the apparent positions of distant sources to ﬂuctuate, with angular deﬂections of order the characteristic strain amplitude of the gravitational waves. These ﬂuctuations may be detectable with high precision astrometry, as ﬁrst suggested by Braginsky et al. in 1990. Several researchers have made order of magnitude estimates of the upper limits obtainable on the gravitational wave spectrum Ω gw ( f ), at frequencies of order f ∼ 1 yr − 1 , both for the future space-based optical interferometry missions GAIA and SIM, and for very long baseline interferometry in radio wavelengths with the SKA. For GAIA, tracking N ∼ 10 6 quasars over a time of T ∼ 1 yr with an angular accuracy of ∆ θ ∼ 10 µ as would yield a sensitivity level of Ω gw ∼ (∆ θ ) 2 / ( NT 2 H 20 ) ∼ 10 − 6 , which would be comparable with pulsar timing. In this paper we take a ﬁrst step toward ﬁrming up these estimates by computing in detail the statistical properties of the angular deﬂections caused by a stochastic background. We compute analytically the two-point correlation function of the deﬂections on the sphere, and the spectrum as a function of frequency and angular scale. The ﬂuctuations are concentrated at low frequencies (for a scale invariant stochastic background), and at large angular scales, starting with the quadrupole. The magnetic-type and electric-type pieces of the ﬂuctuations have equal amounts of power.
MALARIA IN PREGNANCY A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN TWO HOSPITALS

The prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was determined in Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital (BMSH) and Bori General Hospital (BGH) by direct examination of stained blood smear using Giemsa method. A total of 200 pregnant women were examined from each hospital and 100 non-pregnant women were used as control subjects. The prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was 27.5% and 35.0% for BMSH and BGH respectively. The prevalence of malaria among non-pregnant subjects was 15.0%. The prevalence of malaria by educational status showed that those with primary/secondary education had prevalence of 10% and 28% from BMSH and BGH respectvely, while those with tertiary education had prevalence of 17.5% and 6.5% in BMSH and BGH respectively. The prevalence of malaria among pregnant women using insecticide treated nets (INTs) was 21% and those who do not 6.5%, from BMSH, whereas from BGH, non-user of INTs had prevalence of 30.0% and user 5.0% respectively. The prevalence of malaria by ABO blood group among pregnant women in both hospitals showed that O had high level parasitemia, (BMSH 16.5% and BGH 19.0%) respectively. The prevalence of malaria by haemoglobin genotype, AA had high infestation rate compared to genotype AS. Measures aimed at controlling and eliminate malaria should be intensified, especially the use of INTs orLLNs that has been shown to reduce the prevalence of malaria; considering the burden malaria places on pregnant women and fetus in malaria endemic areas.
Synchrotron x-ray imaging of pulmonary alveoli in respiration in live intact mice this access benefits you. Your story matters

Despite nearly a half century of studies, it has not been fully understood how pulmonary alveoli, the elementary gas exchange units in mammalian lungs, inflate and deflate during respiration. Understanding alveolar dynamics is crucial for treating patients with pulmonary diseases. In-vivo, real-time visualization of the alveoli during respiration has been hampered by active lung movement. Previous studies have been therefore limited to alveoli at lung apices or subpleural alveoli under open thorax conditions. Here we report direct and real-time visualization of alveoli of live intact mice during respiration using tracking X-ray microscopy. Our studies, for the first time, determine the alveolar size of normal mice in respiration without positive end expiratory pressure as 58 6 14 (mean 6 s.d.) m m on average, accurately measured in the lung bases as well as the apices. Individual alveoli of normal lungs
CD25 “Natural” Regulatory T Cells Are Abundant in Rabbit Conjunctiva and Suppress Virus-Speciﬁc CD4 and CD8 (cid:1) Effector T Cells during Ocular Herpes Infection (cid:1)

We studied the phenotype and distribution of “naturally” occurring CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (cid:1) T regulatory cells (CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (cid:1) nT reg cells) resident in rabbit conjunctiva, the main T-cell inductive site of the ocular mucosal immune system, and we investigated their suppressive capacities using herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-speciﬁc effector T (T eff ) cells induced during ocular infection. The expression of CD4, CD25, CTLA4, GITR, and Foxp3 was examined by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and ﬂuorescence-activated cell sorter analysis in CD45 (cid:1) pan-leukocytes isolated from conjunctiva, spleen, and peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMC) of HSV-1-infected and uninfected rabbits. Normal conjunctiva showed a higher frequency of CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (Bright (cid:1) ) T cells than did spleen and PBMC. These cells expressed high levels of Foxp3, GITR, and CTLA4 molecules. CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (Bright (cid:1) ) T cells were localized continuously along the upper and lower palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, throughout the epithelium and substantia propria. Conjunctiva-derived CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (Bright (cid:1) ) T cells, but not CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (low) T cells, efﬁciently suppressed HSV-speciﬁc CD4 (cid:1) and CD8 (cid:1) T eff cells. The CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (Bright (cid:1) ) T-cell-mediated suppression was effective on both peripheral blood and conjunctiva inﬁltrating T eff cells and was cell-cell contact dependent but independent of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor (cid:2) . Interestingly, during an ocular herpes infection, there was a selective increase in the frequency and suppressive capacity of Foxp3 (cid:1) CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (Bright (cid:1) ) T cells in conjunctiva but not in the spleen or in peripheral blood. Altogether, these results provide the ﬁrst evidence that functional Foxp3 (cid:1) CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (Bright (cid:1) ) T reg cells accumulate in the conjunctiva. It remains to be determined whether conjunctiva CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (cid:1) nT reg cells affect the topical/mucosal delivery of subunit vaccines that stimulate the ocular mucosal immune system. The
The Role and Experience of Inventors and Start-ups in Commercializing University Research: Case Studies at of California

eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a dynamic research platform to scholars worldwide. Abstract: This chapter from the author's dissertation summarizes findings from case studies of university-based start-up firms. The case studies contribute descriptive accounts to support and illuminate emerging empirical research on this specialized set of start-ups. The case studies highlight several interesting findings related to the special role of inventors and the university in developing the technology as well as how the operating experience of these firms compares and contrasts with standard beliefs about start-ups. For example, the case studies document the stark contrasts among university-based start-ups with respect to both the importance of intellectual property and the company's ability to access venture capital. The case studies also highlight the importance of the inventor's personal (or tacit) knowledge in developing the technology. Finally, university inventions in the electronics and semiconductor fields, unlike pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, were the result of research that had been conducted years earlier in corporate laboratories. Hence, technology was transferred into the university. ABSTRACT This chapter from the author’s dissertation summarizes findings from case studies of university-based start-up firms. The case studies contribute descriptive accounts to support and illuminate emerging empirical research on this specialized set of start-ups. The case studies highlight several interesting findings related to the special role of inventors and the university in developing the technology as well as how the operating experience of these firms compares and contrasts with standard beliefs about start-ups. For example, the case studies document the stark contrasts among university-based start-ups with respect to both the importance of intellectual property and the company's ability to access venture capital. The case studies also highlight the importance of the inventor's personal (or tacit) knowledge in developing the technology. Finally, university inventions in the electronics and semiconductor fields, unlike pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, were the result of research that had been conducted years earlier in corporate laboratories. Hence, technology was transferred into the university.
Deep-Sea Research Part Slope-shelf faunal link and unreported diversity o ﬀ Nova Scotia: Evidence from polychaete data

Deep-water sedimentary habitats o ﬀ Nova Scotia have only rarely been explored. The topographically and oceanographically complex shelf of Nova Scotia harbours two interesting topographic features, Emerald Basin, a sedimentary habitat reaching greater depths (max of 270m) than the surrounding shelf and the Gully, the largest canyon in NW Atlantic. Emerald Basin is exposed to upwellings of slope water and harbours predominantly deep-sea hexactinellid sponges. Such distributional pattern resembles “ deep-water emergence ” . In this study an abundant benthic group, the polychaetes, were selected to test for such deep-water faunal link. Qualitative boxcores were collected from Emerald Basin (180m depth, N =5) and the adjacent Gully Canyon (1600m, N =3). At species level, there was no overlap in distribution between Emerald Basin (N=73, S=29) and Gully Canyon (N=351, S = 60) fauna based on morphological assessment of all specimens and molecular analysis (COI and 16S markers) of selected morphotypes. In an alternative approach, Multivariate analysis (nMDS, Cluster Analysis) of incidence data for polychaete genera (N=179) from 24 Atlantic sites (5 – 1600m) was carried out. These results showed a greater similarity of Emerald Basin polychaetes to bathyal sites (400 – 1000m), particularly the 680m site o ﬀ Nova Scotia rather than shelf sites (5 – 80m), including those on the Nova Scotia shelf. Thus, at 1600m, the Gully Canyon samples were likely “ too deep ” for our comparative purposes and depths of< 1000m should be targeted in the future. Our data also provide the ﬁ rst published assessment of polychaete diversity from the Gully Canyon, suggesting the presence of a diverse assemblage (S = 60). Unusually for a deep-sea site, the Gully Canyon poly- chaetes are mostly known taxa with wider distribution across bathyal NW Atlantic. Additionally, our molecular data provide an interesting insights into the distribution of several polychaete species commonly found in deep- sea (e.g Aurospio dibranchiata Maciolek, 1981; Ophelina abranchiata Støp-Bowitz, 1948) suggesting wide geographical distribution for some but revealing species complexes for others.
Phoenix 100 versus Vitek 2 in the Identiﬁcation of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (cid:1) †

Phoenix 100 and Vitek 2 (operating with the current colorimetric cards) are commonly used in hospital laboratories for rapid identiﬁcation of microorganisms. The present meta-analysis aims to evaluate and compare their performance on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MEDLINE database was searched up to October 2010 for the retrieval of relevant articles. Pooled correct identiﬁcation rates were derived from random-effects models, using the arcsine transformation. Separate analyses were conducted at the genus and species levels; subanalyses and meta-regression were undertaken to reveal meaningful system-and study-related modiﬁers. A total of 29 (6,635 isolates) and 19 (4,363 isolates) articles were eligible for Phoenix and colorimetric Vitek 2, respectively. No signiﬁcant differences were observed between Phoenix and Vitek 2 either at the genus (97.70% versus 97.59%, P (cid:1) 0.919) or the species (92.51%