Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A digital ecosystem as an institutional field: curated peer production as a response to institutional voids revealed by COVID‐19

This paper investigates the ecosystem dynamics of the Open‐source [COVID‐19] Medical Supplies network that arose to fill the institutional void revealed by state and private sector failures to stockpile and supply enough personal protective equipment. Theoretically, the paper adds correctives to extant institutional theory accounts of entrepreneurship filling institutional voids, showing that these can be filled rapidly and normatively by digital entrepreneurial ecosystems allied with peer production networks. These were able to transform the boundary conditions of a routinized system, refixing its autopoiesis innovatively. The COVID‐19 epidemic galvanized hundreds of thousands of volunteer “makers” around the world to cooperate to meet urgent demand for medical supplies. A digital entrepreneurial ecosystem arose in response to the problem of critical equipment shortages, connecting global, expert‐curated know‐how with local production equipment. We contribute to the theory of institutional voids by documenting and analyzing how the formation and emergent processes that created and sustained a Digital Peer Production Ecosystem based on self‐organization, expert curation and scalability, successfully catalyzed local initiatives worldwide. Institutional voids are not just barriers to entrepreneurship; they are also opportunities.
Water Quality Assessment of River Adema, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

The quality of water is of utmost importance because it determines the suitability of water for use domestically, industrially or otherwise. The quality of water from River Adema was determined by the analysis of thirty (30) samples for physicochemical parameters using standard AOAC methods and heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, AAS. The WQI and MI of water were evaluated to ascertain its suitability for the desired purposes. The results obtained were; physicochemical parameters: temperature (24.21±1.55 ºC), turbidity (0.57±0.08 NTU), TDS (722.88±103.02 mg/dm3), TSS (23.30±1.08 mg/dm3), pH (6.84±0.31), EC (3111.54±30.51 µS/cm), total hardness (7.62±0.62 mg/dm3), alkalinity (1.18±0.03 mg/dm3), chloride (0.49±0.05 mg/dm3), nitrate (0.02±0.01 mg/dm3) and sulphate (2.03±0.08 mg/dm3). Heavy metal concentrations (mg/dm3) were Cd (0.06±0.01), Cr (0.62±0.13), Cu (0.58±0.08), Fe (0.54±0.12), Pb (ND), Mn (0.57±0.10), Ni (ND) and Zn (0.04±0.01). All physicochemical parameters were below WHO recommended standards and for the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Fe; and Mn concentrations were higher than the standard values. WQI for the water was 15.29, an indication that the water is of good quality however, MI for metals such as Cd (20), Cr (6.2), Fe (1.8), Mn (57) were higher than the recommended WHO limit, an indication of metal contamination. The results also showed that there was a strong positive correlation between turbidity and chloride and between copper and manganese. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the regulation of indiscriminate dumping of domestic wastes, runoffs from farmlands, mining locations into surface water bodies, since these are the likely sources. Regular monitoring of the water quality should be ensured and water from River Adema should be treated before use.
Colonialism, malaria, and the decolonization of global health

This paper explores the decolonization of global health through a focus on malaria and European colonialism in Africa. We employ an historical perspective to better articulate what “colonial” means and to specify in greater detail how colonial ideas, patterns, and practices remain an obstacle to progress in global health now. This paper presents a history of malaria, a defining aspect of the colonial project. Through detailed analysis of the past, we recount how malaria became a colonial problem, how malaria control rose to prominence as a colonial activity, and how interest in malaria was harnessed to create the first schools of tropical medicine and the academic specialization now known as global health. We discuss how these historical experiences shape malaria policy around the world today. The objective of this paper is to advance discussion about how malaria and other aspects of global health could be decolonized, and to suggest directions for future analysis that can lead to concrete steps for action.
Anticancer potential of turmeric (Curcuma longa) ethanol extract and prediction of its mechanism through the Akt1 pathway

Background: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has high potential as a traditional anticancer drug. This study aimed to analyze the anticancer activity of turmeric ethanol extract on T47D cells and examine the interaction of Akt1 protein with compounds contained in turmeric. Methods: The cytotoxicity assay was conducted using WST-1 reagents. Apoptosis assay used annexin V-PI, whereas cell cycle assay used PI, and then the results were analyzed using a flow cytometer. LC-HRMS analysis was conducted to identify the active compounds. Docking between Akt1 and ligands was performed using Autodock 4.2 software. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted using YASARA with a time parameter of 20 ns, pH 7.4, and 37°C. Results: The extract had a strong toxicity on T47D cells (cytotoxicity IC50 value: 26.36 ± 1.55 µg/mL). The extract induced apoptosis of T47D cells at the IC50 dose (~30% cells) and induced the cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Curcumin, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and caryophyllene oxide had lower binding energy into Akt1 than AZD5363 used as a positive control. Curcumin, Ar-turmerone, and α-curcumene bind in the ATP binding pocket of Akt1, so the compounds have a high potential to be an ATP-competitive Akt1 inhibitors. The interaction of Akt1 with the compound contained in turmeric had an RMSD backbone value that was more stable than that of ATP and AZD5363. Root-mean-square fluctuation values indicated that amino acid residues that had an essential role in ligand binding sites were stable during simulation. Conclusions: The turmeric ethanol extract had a potential anti-cancer effect by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle progression on T47D cells. The docking analysis showed that the active compounds of the extract, such as curcumin, Ar-turmerone, caryophyllene oxide, and α-curcumene, were able to bind into the ATP binding pocket of Akt1 that might inhibit the protein activity and induce cell cycle arrest.
Clinical Performance of the Consensus Immunoscore in Colon Cancer in the Asian Population from the Multicenter International SITC Study

Simple Summary Research interest in Immuno-oncology and the role of the adaptative immune system in the progression and prognosis of colon cancer (CC) is growing. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of the consensus Immunoscore in 423 patients with AJCC/UICC-TNM stages I–III CC from Asian care centers. Immunoscore (IS) is a bench-to-digital pathology assay that quantifies CD3+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocyte densities within the tumor and its invasive margin, stratifying patients into three categories: Low IS, Intermediate IS, and High IS. Multivariable Cox models stratified by center were used to assess the associations between Immunoscore and outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders, including gender, T-stage, N-stage, sidedness, and MSI. A comparison of the performance of risk prediction models was performed using the likelihood ratio test p-value. In uni/multivariable analyses, a High Immunoscore was significantly associated with prolonged survival of CC patients within the Asian population. Abstract BACKGROUND: In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of Immunoscore in patients with stage I–III colon cancer (CC) in the Asian population. These patients were originally included in an international study led by the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) on 2681 patients with AJCC/UICC-TNM stages I–III CC. METHODS: CD3+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocyte densities were quantified in the tumor and invasive margin by digital pathology. The association of Immunoscore with prognosis was evaluated for time to recurrence (TTR), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Immunoscore stratified Asian patients (n = 423) into different risk categories and was not impacted by age. Recurrence-free rates at 3 years were 78.5%, 85.2%, and 98.3% for a Low, Intermediate, and High Immunoscore, respectively (HR[Low-vs-High] = 7.26 (95% CI 1.75−30.19); p = 0.0064). A High Immunoscore showed a significant association with prolonged TTR, OS, and DFS (p < 0.05). In Cox multivariable analysis stratified by center, Immunoscore association with TTR was independent (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 2.22 (95% CI 1.10–4.55) p = 0.0269) of the patient’s gender, T-stage, N-stage, sidedness, and MSI status. A significant association of a High Immunoscore with prolonged TTR was also found among MSS (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 4.58 (95% CI 2.27−9.23); p ≤ 0.0001), stage II (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 2.72 (95% CI 1.35−5.51); p = 0.0052), low-risk stage-II (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 2.62 (95% CI 1.21−5.68); p = 0.0146), and high-risk stage II patients (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 3.11 (95% CI 1.39−6.91); p = 0.0055). CONCLUSION: A High Immunoscore is significantly associated with the prolonged survival of CC patients within the Asian population.
Noun Layers in Old English: Mismatches and Asymmetry in Lexical Derivation

The aim of the article is to explain the form-function mismatches that occur in the formation of Old English nouns. The analysis identifies pairs of derived nouns that share a lexemic root and represent instances of near-synonymy. Two types of mismatch are found in the formation of nouns, namely convergent derivation due to the competition of suffixes and convergent derivation resulting from the competition of bases. Four types of asymmetry can be distinguished: on the grounds of process, category, productivity and recursivity. The existence of mismatches and the associated asymmetry indicate two waves of word-formation that configure two layers in the lexicon of Old English.
Factor Validity of Measurement for Burnout in Chilean Prison Officers

The objective of this research was to perform the factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services (MBI-HSS) in prison officers in Chile through a first-order factor analysis and a confirmatory analysis. The sample was constituted by all the prison officers in the Region of Arica and Parinacota (N=334). Of these, 44 did not participate in the study, since they were in a medical leave, vacation or special permit, transfer in progress, or similar situation. Therefore, the final number of participants was 290 subjects. The Burnout Syndrome (BS) was estimated through the adaptation to Spanish (Gil-Monte, 2005) of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, in its version for human services professionals (MBI-HSS) (Maslach & Jackson, 1986), validated in Chile (Olivares, 2009). By way of conclusion, the present investigation found similarities in the MBI-HSS in terms of dimensionality and reliability analysis, and despite the international observations of the instrument, an adjusted proposal (standardization and validation) of the MBI-HSS is provided for contexts Prisoners with 18 items, since in Chile there is no validation of the MBI-HSS in prison officers. How to Cite this Article: Álvarez-Cabrera, P., López-Reyes, K. , Chacón, F. y Sánchez, E. (2022). Factor validity of measurement for burnout in Chilean Prison Officers Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31 (1), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1. 82590
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Honey in the Prevention of Dental Caries: A Recent Perspective

The successful application of honey in wound care management has been achieved due to honey’s potent antibacterial effects, characterised by its multifactorial action. Impressive clinical efficacy has ignited its further use in diverse clinical disciplines, including stomatology. Indeed, there is increasing usage of honey in dental medicine as a preventive or therapeutic remedy for some periodontal diseases mainly associated with bacteria, such as dental caries, gingivitis and mucositides. Dental caries is undoubtedly a major oral health problem worldwide, with an increasing tendency of incidence. The purpose of this perspective review is to describe the recent progress in the laboratory and clinical use of honey in the prevention of dental caries, with emphasis on the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of honey. The role of honey in the cariogenic process is also discussed. In addition, the quality of honey and the urgent in vitro evaluation of its antibacterial/antibiofilm properties before clinical use are highlighted. Findings based on data extracted from laboratory studies demonstrate the pronounced antibacterial effect of different honeys against a number of periodontal pathogens, including Streptococcus mutans. Although the promising antibiofilm effects of honey have been reported mainly against S. mutans, these results are limited to very few studies. From a clinical point of view, honey significantly reduces dental plaque; however, it is not superior to the conventional agent. Despite the positive in vitro results, the clinical effectiveness of honey in the prevention of dental caries remains inconclusive since further robust clinical studies are needed.
Comparison of Two Radiofrequency Vessel-Sealing Device for Laparoscopic Ovariectomy in African Lionesses (Panthera Leo)

Simple Summary This study evaluated two vessel-sealing devices for dissecting ovaries in adult obese African lionesses undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. We evaluated the surgery time the intra- and postoperative complications. The results of our study confirmed the significant advantages of employing the Caiman 12 vessel-sealing device in comparison with the LigaSure Atlas in terms of the time needed to complete ovariectomy, although both instruments could be considered safe. The use of the Caiman 12 is recommended when performing laparoscopic ovariectomies in adults with obesity. Abstract To evaluate two vessel-sealing devices with different jaw lengths for dissecting ovaries in adult obese African lionesses undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. Twelve lionesses (n = 12) were recruited. The surgical procedures were performed through three portals, with a retractor platform positioned at the umbilical port and cannulas placed 3–4 cm cranial and caudal to the device at the level of the midline. Ovariectomy was performed using a vessel-sealing device according to a randomization list. We evaluated the surgery time the intra- and postoperative complications. The total surgery time was 49.3 min (range 40–61 min) in the Atlas group and significantly lower in the Caiman group (mean 31.8 min, range 26–51 min). The installation phase was similar between the groups. The ovariectomy time was significantly lower in the Caiman group (mean 7.8 min, range 4–11 min) than in the Atlas group (mean 20 min, range 16–30 min). Controlled bleeding was observed at the tip of the uterine horn in two cases in the Atlas group. No other complications were noted. The results of our study confirmed the significant advantages of employing the Caiman 12 vessel-sealing device in comparison with the LigaSure Atlas in terms of the time needed to complete ovariectomy, although both instruments could be considered safe. The use of the Caiman 12 is recommended when performing laparoscopic ovariectomies in adults with obesity.
HTRA1 Regulates Subclinical Inflammation and Activates Proangiogenic Response in the Retina and Choroid

High-temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) has been identified as a disease-susceptibility gene for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) including polypoidal choroidal neovasculopathy (PCV). We characterized the underlying phenotypic changes of transgenic (Tg) mice expressing ubiquitous CAG promoter (CAG-HtrA1 Tg). In vivo imaging modalities and histopathology were performed to investigate the possible neovascularization, drusen formation, and infiltration of macrophages. Subretinal white material deposition and scattered white-yellowish retinal foci were detected on CFP [(Tg—33% (20/60) and wild-type (WT)—7% (1/15), p < 0.05]. In 40% (4/10) of the CAG-HtrA1 Tg retina, ICGA showed punctate hyperfluorescent spots. There was no leakage on FFA and OCTA failed to confirm vascular flow signals from the subretinal materials. Increased macrophages and RPE cell migrations were noted from histopathological sections. Monocyte subpopulations were increased in peripheral blood in the CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice (p < 0.05). Laser induced CNV in the CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice and showed increased leakage from CNV compared to WT mice (p < 0.05). Finally, choroidal explants of the old CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice demonstrated an increased area of sprouting (p < 0.05). Signs of subclinical inflammation was observed in CAG-HtrA1 Tg mice. Such subclinical inflammation may have resulted in increased RPE cell activation and angiogenic potential.
Cutaneous Sebaceous Carcinoma Presenting as a Large Fungating Breast Tumour in Synchronicity With Primary Carcinomata of the Breasts

Sebaceous carcinomas are rare malignant tumours which arise from sebaceous glands. They are subclassified into ocular and extraocular subtypes and most commonly occur in the head and neck region. Tumours below the neck occur infrequently, and most commonly resemble benign skin lesions such as pyogenic granulomata and molluscum contagiosum, or malignant skin tumours like basal and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). We report a case of an 86-year-old lady presenting with a fungating breast tumour which began as a “mole” and exhibited insidious growth over five years to reach a maximum size of 10 cm. An excision biopsy was performed by the breast surgery team and histopathological analysis revealed a sebaceous carcinoma arising from the skin adnexa. On subsequent follow up, the patient was found to have a 19 mm mass in the left breast and a 20 mm mass in the right breast, which was P5 and P3 on clinical palpation, respectively. Core biopsies of left and right breast lesions showed invasive lobular carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma with lobular features respectively; the patient was started on primary letrozole treatment. The patient also went on to have a 2 cm wide local excision of the sebaceous carcinoma scar which was excised down to the pectoralis fascia. This is a unique presentation of a sebaceous gland carcinoma presenting as a fungating breast tumour. These tumours have a high metastatic potential and local recurrence rate, and can co-exist with primary carcinoma of the breast.
Diagnosis of parathyroid incidentaloma detected on thyroid ultrasonography: the role of fine-needle aspiration cytology and washout parathyroid hormone measurements

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic role of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and analyze factors associated with false-negative FNAC results in patients with parathyroid incidentaloma who were referred for ultrasonography (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules. Methods In this study, 121 patients with suspected parathyroid lesions were enrolled. The patients underwent US-guided FNAC with measurements of washout parathyroid hormone (PTH) between January 2015 and May 2020. The diagnostic performance of FNAC for the diagnosis of parathyroid lesions was assessed using surgical results and elevated washout PTH as a reference standard. The clinical and radiologic features associated with false-negative results on FNAC for the diagnosis of parathyroid lesions were evaluated. Results Among the 121 nodules assessed, 38 were parathyroid lesions (31.4%), and 83 were non-parathyroid lesions (68.6%). The diagnostic performance of FNAC for parathyroid incidentaloma showed a sensitivity of 31.6% (12/38), specificity of 100% (83/83), positive predictive values of 100% (12/12), negative predictive values of 76.1% (83/109), and accuracy of 78.5% (95/121). The FNAC results of non-parathyroid lesions included thyroid nodules, lymph nodes, neurogenic tumors, and fat tissue. True-positive results on FNAC were significantly associated with performing FNA twice (58.3% vs. 23.1%, P=0.043). Conclusion Considering the low sensitivity of FNAC, measuring washout PTH in addition to FNAC may help accurately diagnose parathyroid incidentaloma on thyroid US. Further, the falsenegative rate for FNAC can be reduced by obtaining two or more FNA samples.
The Influence of Balance Investment in Enterprise Management

Today, an increasing number of businesses are opting to invest the remaining balance of their corporate books. Aspects of corporate financing that are particularly essential include investment and finance, which are both discussed below. The ability to communicate effectively between academics and practitioners is critical. On the impact of investment behavior on company and corporate management, this paper will focus on the relationship between enterprise investment and enterprise scale, the investment accomplishments made by China's social security fund, the risks associated with enterprise investment, and how enterprises can invest more effectively. Meanwhile, the primary study subjects of this paper will be publicly traded firms, foreign corporations, major corporations and social security foundation corporations. According to the findings of this study, the effect of firm size on its investment behavior is influenced by a variety of variables, including information asymmetry, and that businesses should take steps to mitigate investment risks. Furthermore, the firm's investment is influenced by a variety of internal and external variables, and the profitability of investment operations continues to be one of the most significant aspects in determining whether or not a company will remain profitable.
Assessment of Chitosan Coating Enriched with Free and Nanoencapsulated Satureja montana L. Essential Oil as a Novel Tool for Beef Preservation

The effect of chitosan coating enriched with free and nanoencapsulated Satureja montana L. essential oil (EO) on microbial, antioxidant and sensory characteristics of beef was analyzed. Different concentrations of free Satureja montana L. EO (SMEO) and nanoparticles (CNPs) were added to chitosan coatings, namely 0.25%, 0.5% and 1%. The beef samples were immersed in the chitosan coatings and stored at +4 °C for 20 days. In this period, the changes in pH value, total viable count (TVC), lactic acid bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. were analyzed. The lipid oxidation of beef was determined by the TBAR assay, while sensory analysis was performed by means of the descriptive evaluation method. Generally, the influence of chitosan coating with CNPs on the growth of the tested microorganisms was more pronounced compared to SMEO. Treatment with coating enriched with 1% CNPs resulted in the reduction in TVC and Pseudomonas spp. by 2.4 and 3 log CFU/g, compared to the control, respectively. Additionally, all applied coatings with SMEO and CNPs resulted in the prolonged oxidative stability of the meat The addition of free SMEO created an unnatural aroma for the evaluators, while this odor was neutralized by nanoencapsulation. The durability of color, smell and general acceptability of beef was significantly increased by application of chitosane coatings with the addition of SMEO or SMEO-CNPs, compared to the control. This research indicates the potential application of enriched chitosan coatings in beef preservation in order to improve meat safety and prolong shelf-life.