Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderating Effects of Emotional Recognition Competency in Rejective Parenting and Adolescent Depression and Aggression

Rejective parenting is a major antecedent of emotional instability and aggressive behavioral problems. Previous studies have reported that emotional problems, such as depression, anxiety, aggression, and conduct problems in children and adolescents, improve through interventions that enhance emotional recognition competency. In this study, we explored whether the emotional recognition ability levels of individual adolescents moderated the pathway of negative parenting on aggression mediated by depression The moderated mediating effect of emotional recognition competency was investigated through examining 2265 first-year high school students using the 2021 data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018. There was no significant moderating effect on the direct pathway from rejective parenting to aggression. The moderating effect of emotional recognition competency on the indirect pathway leading to aggression through depression in rejective parenting was significant. These results suggest that the ability to correctly understand signals related to the emotions of others can play an important role in reducing depression and aggressive behavior by reducing conflict with people around them and experiencing more support.
Fixed bed column adsorption of phenol onto locally available soil: linear kinetics modeling

In the present study analysis of fixed column adsorption studies of phenol onto the soil was investigated. The soil minerals were characterized by of X-ray diffraction peaks at diffraction angles of 21.208, 26.985 and 50.509 and adsorption studies were conducted at a pH of 6.00. The effects of process variables on the bed performance were studied, these included flow rate and bed depth. The results showed that a decrease in flow rate at a constant bed depth increased the breakthrough volume ( V b ) and therefore the breakthrough time ( T b ), due to an increase in empty bed contact time (EBCT). At the flow rate of 10 mL/min and at varying depths 5, 10 and 15 cm the EBCT was found 2.45, 4.91 and 7.36 min. Similarly for a flow rate of 20 and 30 mL/min, at varying depths 5, 10 and 15 cm, the EBCT was found 1.23, 2.45 and 3.68 min and 0.82, 1.64 and 2.45 min, respectively. For these test columns, the optimum flow rate should not be higher than 10 mL/min to provide a shorter adsorption zone and a longer service time. The adsorption capacity ( N o ) of soil was calculated to be 713.37, 978.34 and 978.34 mg/L by using the flow rates of 10, 20 and 30 mL/min. The results of the examination of the dynamic adsorption system were also demonstrated to be significantly influenced by the modelling methodology
Role and Therapeutic Targeting Strategies of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Inflammation

Abstract Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are large DNA reticular structures secreted by neutrophils and decorated with histones and antimicrobial proteins. As a key mechanism for neutrophils to resist microbial invasion, NETs play an important role in the killing of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and viruses). Although NETs are mostly known for mediating microbial killing, increasing evidence suggests that excessive NETs induced by stimulation of physical and chemical components, microorganisms, and pathological factors can exacerbate inflammation and organ damage. This review summarizes the induction and role of NETs in inflammation and focuses on the strategies of inhibiting NETosis and the mechanisms involved in pathogen evasion of NETs. Furthermore, herbal medicine inhibitors and nanodelivery strategies improve the efficiency of inhibition of excessive levels of NETs.
Evaluating HPA Effects on Chaotic Sequence Spread Spectrum Detectability

Digital chaotic sequence spread spectrum (CSSS) communication systems provide a number of advantages for secure communications due to the apparent bandlimited Gaussian noise-like signal characteristics and the non-repeating nature of the underlying chipping sequence. The Rayleigh magnitude distribution of the signal represents a challenge, however, for transmission through linear high-power amplifiers (HPA), both due to the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and the impacts of selective signal compression on the tails of the time-domain Gaussian signals, which becomes observable by cyclostationary low probability of detection (LPD) metrics. This paper first provides an analysis of HPA compression effects on a single-carrier CSSS signal to understand the HPA-induced artifacts when pushed into compression. This work also defines and evaluates time-domain pre-distortion techniques for memoryless HPAs, validating those formulations through Matlab simulations and live measurements of predistorted CSSS signals transmitted through physical HPAs. Unlike computationally expensive statistical models used to predistort multi-carrier waveforms, this technique is shown to be a computationally efficient method to minimize the increased likelihood of adversarial detection of single-carrier waveforms. The proposed pre-distortion techniques are measured as achieving an average of 3.35-dB in improvements for linear operating range, enabling transmission of CSSS waveforms at an HPA backoff of 4.80-dB without adversely affecting kurtosis-based signal detectability.
Comparative performance analysis of some accelerated and hybrid accelerated gradient models

We analyze a performance profile of several accelerated and hybrid accelerated methods. All comparative methods are at least linearly convergent and have satisfied numerical characteristics regarding tested metrics: number of iterations, CPU time and number of function evaluations. Among the chosen set of methods we numerically show which one is the most efficient and the most effective. Therewith, we derived a conclusion about what type of method is more preferable to use considering analyzed metrics.
The Role of the Circadian Rhythm in Dyslipidaemia and Vascular Inflammation Leading to Atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Many lines of evidence suggest that the disturbances in circadian rhythm are responsible for the development of CVDs; however, circadian misalignment is not yet a treatable trait in clinical practice. The circadian rhythm is controlled by the central clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and clock genes (molecular clock) located in all cells. Dyslipidaemia and vascular inflammation are two hallmarks of atherosclerosis and numerous experimental studies conclude that they are under direct influence by both central and molecular clocks. This review will summarise the results of experimental studies on lipid metabolism, vascular inflammation and circadian rhythm, and translate them into the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We discuss the effect of time-respected administration of medications in cardiovascular medicine. We review the evidence on the effect of bright light and melatonin on cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism and vascular inflammation. Finally, we suggest an agenda for future research and recommend on clinical practice.
Different letter-processing strategies in diagnostic subgroups of developmental dyslexia also occur in a transparent orthography: Reply to a commentary by Spinelli et al.

The article was motivated by a commentary of Spinelli et al. (2010), who commented on our experimental study with dyslexic children (Lachmann & van Leeuwen, 2008). They questioned the unusually large reversed lexicality effect we reported for three of our dyslexic children for which word reading times were considerably longer than nonword reading times. We argued that, in principle, in a transparent orthography, such as German, children exist who have significant problems in word reading, but for whom nonword reading is normal. The extreme reversed lexically effect, however, may not be representative for the dyslexic population. Since we do not want to give the impression that our results were based on these three participants, we reran analyses on reaction times presented in Lachmann and van Leeuwen, this time excluding the data from the three individuals. Results were replicated. The constructive criticism has helped put both the diagnostics and our experimental results on even firmer ground. Both yield a consistent interpretation, in which two subgroups of dyslexics can be distinguished: one with generic activation problems; the other with a specific problem in phoneme-grapheme conversion.
Expertise with characters in alphabetic and nonalphabetic writing systems engage overlapping occipito-temporal areas

Parts of the left ventral visual pathway are engaged selectively during the perception of words, letter strings, and even single letters. While studies have shown overlap between activations for letters and characters across writing systems, they adopted group analyses with very limited spatial resolution, or used words and letter strings that have been shown to activate different regions from those activated by single characters. The current study compared activity within individual participants for the perception of single characters from different writing systems. Roman letters, Chinese characters, objects, and faces were presented to Chinese–English bilinguals and English readers with no Chinese reading experience. Individual subject analyses revealed a large overlap between Roman-and Chinese-selective areas in the bilinguals. In general, the activity in the Roman-selective area of the left hemisphere is associated with experience with the script, as non-Chinese readers showed lower activations to Chinese characters than to Roman letters. Further analyses found considerable variation within non-Chinese readers in the activation for Chinese characters: While the majority had no selectivity for Chinese characters at all, some showed activations for Chinese characters at locations similar to those selective for Roman letters. The results suggest that both stimulus properties and experience are important factors in determining the response to single characters across writing systems.
Deep fuzzy extractors for document integrity check

The current health situation is forcing the authorities to use digitized copies of paper documents. Nevertheless, the widespread availability of professional image-editing tools, simple scanning devices and the accessibility of high-quality printing tools are increasing the number of document forgeries. Scanned copies can be easily forged using certain image editing tools (such as Photoshop or Gimp) or new approaches based on the use of deep learning. As a result, there is a great need for efficient, robust solutions for verifying the integrity of printed documents, which are then digitized. The aim is to extract a signature from an electronic document that can be used to verify the integrity of digitized documents.
Assessing the effects of a drought experiment on the reproductive phenology and ecophysiology of a wet tropical rainforest community

In this study we assessed the effects of an experimental drought on the reproductive phenology and ecophysiology of a rainforest tree community in the Wet Tropics of Queensland. We found that, although the drought increased fruiting activity in the community relative to the reference plot, species-level response was varied in both phenology and physiology.
Passive Sampler Technology for Viral Detection in Wastewater-Based Surveillance: Current State and Nanomaterial Opportunities

Although wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) is an efficient community-wide surveillance tool, its implementation for pathogen surveillance remains limited by ineffective sample treatment procedures, as the complex composition of wastewater often interferes with biomarker recovery. Moreover, current sampling protocols based on grab samples are susceptible to fluctuant biomarker concentrations and may increase operative costs, often rendering such systems inaccessible to communities in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). As a response, passive samplers have emerged as a way to make wastewater sampling more efficient and obtain more reliable, consistent data. Therefore, this study aims to review recent developments in passive sampling technologies to provide researchers with the tools to develop novel passive sampling strategies. Although promising advances in the development of nanostructured passive samplers have been reported, optimization remains a significant area of opportunity for researchers in the area, as methods for flexible, robust adsorption and recovery of viral genetic materials would greatly improve the efficacy of WBS systems while making them more accessible for communities worldwide.
Treatment of High-Risk Neuroblastoma with Intensive Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation, and 13-cis-Retinoic Acid

Background Children with high-risk neuroblastoma have a poor outcome. In this study, we assessed whether myeloablative therapy in conjunction with transplantation of autologous bone marrow improved event-free survival as compared with chemotherapy alone, and whether subsequent treatment with 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoin) further improves event-free survival. Methods All patients were treated with the same initial regimen of chemotherapy, and those without disease progression were then randomly assigned to receive continued treatment with myeloablative chemotherapy, total-body irradiation, and transplantation of autologous bone marrow purged of neuroblastoma cells or to receive three cycles of intensive chemotherapy alone. All patients who completed cytotoxic therapy without disease progression were then randomly assigned to receive no further therapy or treatment with 13-cis-retinoic acid for six months. Results The mean (±SE) event-free survival rate three years after the first randomization was si.
Energy Security Cooperation in Northeast Asia

1. Introduction 2. Energy Competition and Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia 3. Energy Acquisition, Usage and China's Engagement in Northeast Asian Energy Cooperation 4. Japan's Public-Private Approach to Energy Security Cooperation in Northeast Asia 5. South Korean Perspectives on Northeast Asian Energy Security Cooperation 6. Mongolian Perspectives on Northeast Asian Energy Security Cooperation 7. Dilemmas and Prospects for Russian-Northeast Asian Energy Security 8. Building an Energy Cooperation Regime in Northeast Asia 9. Whither Energy Security Cooperation in Northeast Asia?
An Illusory Motion in Stationary Stimuli Alters Their Perceived Duration

Despite having equal duration, stimuli in physical motion are perceived to last longer than static ones. Here, we investigate whether illusory motion stimuli produce a time-dilation effect similar to physical motion. Participants performed a duration discrimination task that compared the perceived duration of static stimuli with and without illusory motion to a reference stimulus. In the first experiment, we observed a 4% increase in the number of “longer” responses for the illusory motion images than static stimuli with equal duration. The time-dilation effect, quantified as a shift in the Point of Subjective Equality (PSE), was approximately 55 ms for a 2-second stimulus. Although small, the effect was replicated in a second experiment in which the total number of standard-duration repetitions was reduced from 73 to 19. In the third experiment, we found a positive linear trend between the strength of the illusory motion and the magnitude of the time-dilation effect. These results demonstrate that, similar to physical motion stimuli, illusory motion stimuli are perceived to last longer than static stimuli. Furthermore, the strength of the illusion influences the extent of the lengthening of perceived duration.
Implicit Motor Learning Strategies Benefit Dual-Task Performance in Patients with Stroke

Background and Objectives: In stroke rehabilitation, the use of either implicit or explicit learning as a motor learning approach during dual tasks is common, but it is unclear which strategy is more beneficial. This study aims to determine the benefits of implicit versus explicit motor learning approaches in patients with stroke. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with stroke and 21 control participants were included. Motor learning was evaluated using the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) in the context of dual-task conditions. The SRTT was conducted on two separate days: one day for implicit learning conditions and the other day for explicit learning conditions. Under the explicit learning conditions, a task rule was given to the participants before they started the task, but not under the implicit learning conditions. Learning scores were calculated for both implicit and explicit learning, and these scores were then compared within groups for patients with stroke and controls. We calculated the difference in learning scores between implicit and explicit learning and conducted a correlation analysis with the Trail Making Test (TMT) Parts A and B. Results: Learning scores on the SRTT were not different between implicit and explicit learning in controls but were significantly greater in patients with stroke for implicit learning than for explicit learning. The difference in learning scores between implicit and explicit learning in patients with stroke was correlated with TMT-A and showed a correlation trend with TMT-B. Conclusions: Implicit learning approaches may be effective in the acquisition of motor skills with dual-task demands in post-stroke patients with deficits in attention and working memory.
Impact of galacto-oligosaccharides on prebiotic potential in the intestinal microbiota fermentation and health status in an animal model

The present study was conducted to assess selected galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) effects on short-chain acids (SCFA), microbiota variability in in vitro, and health benefits using an animal model. In the in-vitro anaerobic batch, fermentation was applied to different groups divided by a varied amount of GOS sources, mixtures, and prebiotics. Results reported that SCFA for inulin contributed significantly higher for acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, and resistant starch (RS) showed a non-significant effect for acetic and propionic acids whereas the combined effect of GOS and RS showed higher values for parameters. For bacterial enumeration of bifidobacteria compared to individual GOS, synergistic effects were documented. The Sprague-Dawley rats given GOS under western diet influence relative to a high-fat diet alone observed after 1 and 4 weeks documented significant levels for acetic and butyric acid production, whereas body and organ weights for cecum tend to increase after 4 weeks of dietary intervention (p<0.05). Microbiome data using gene sequencing revealed a higher proportion of firmicutes and lower Bacteroides in control rats, which means Lachnospiraceae family abundances were higher in HF+GOS group. Overall, GOS fermentation showed an increment in the bifidobacterial population and tend to raise levels of SCFA in rats fed on a high-fat diet alone, whereas non-significant variation was reported in microbiome diversity after intervention. The present study was conducted to assess selected galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) effects on short-chain acids (SCFA), microbiota variability in in vitro, and health benefits using an animal model. In the in-vitro anaerobic batch, fermentation was applied to different groups divided by a varied amount of GOS sources, mixtures, and prebiotics. Results reported that SCFA for inulin contributed significantly higher for acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, and resistant starch (RS) showed a non-significant effect for acetic and propionic acids whereas the combined effect of GOS and RS showed higher values for parameters. For bacterial enumeration of bifidobacteria compared to individual GOS, synergistic effects were documented. The Sprague-Dawley rats given GOS under western diet influence relative to a high-fat diet alone observed after 1 and 4 weeks documented significant levels for acetic and butyric acid production, whereas body and organ weights for cecum tend to increase after 4 weeks of dietary intervention (p<0.05). Microbiome data using gene sequencing revealed a higher proportion of firmicutes and lower Bacteroides in control rats, which means Lachnospiraceae family abundances were higher in HF+GOS group. Overall, GOS fermentation showed an increment in the bifidobacterial population and tend to raise levels of SCFA in rats fed on a high-fat diet alone, whereas non-significant variation was reported in microbiome diversity after intervention.
Steer Performance and Forage Productivity from Tall Fescue Pastures Grazed at Two Stocking Rates

22 INTRODUCTION 23 MATERIALS AND METHODS 24 Pasture Establishment 26 Grazing Seasons 27 Stocking Rate 27 Animal Management 27 Sample and Data Collection Frequency 28 Available Forage and Nutrition Composition 29 Clover Percentage 29 Hair Coat Scores 29 Blood Collection 29 Ergovaline Concentration 30 Weather Information 30 NIR Analysis 30 NIR Calibration 31 Statistical Analysis 32 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32 Experiment 1 32 Carolina Horsenettle/White Clover 32 Grazing Seasons 32
Striatal dopamine depletion drives disease progression and network topology aberrations specifically by impairing left M1 network

Background Stratal dopamine depletion contributes to both motor and non-motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of current study is to explore whether stratal dopamine depletion shapes clinical heterogeneity by impairing brain networks of PD patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, PD participants undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging from Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database were investigated. According to the levels of striatal binding ratio (SBR) in bilateral striatum, PD patients were classified into lower quartile group (SBR level rank: 0%~25%), interquartile group (SBR level rank: 26%~75%), and upper quartile group (SBR level rank: 76%~100%) based on their SBR level quartiles to examine how stratal dopamine depletion affects clinical manifestations and brain networks. Findings PD patients in the lower quartile group showed more severe motor and non-motor symptoms compared to upper quartile group. Additionally, topological metrics in both structural and functional network were significantly different between upper quartile group and lower quartile group. Furthermore, the functional network of left primary motor cortex (M1) was specifically impaired in lower quartile group, which resulted in topological disruptions in functional network. Importantly, impaired left M1 network in PD patients mediated the effects of striatal dopamine depletion on both motor and non-motor symptoms. Interpretation Striatal dopamine depletion specifically impaired left M1 network, which contributed to aberrant functional network topology and dopamine-dependent motor and non-motor symptoms. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81873778, 82071415) and National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai (Grant No. NRCTM(SH)-2021-03).