Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spying with spins on messy materials: 60 Years of glass structure elucidation by NMR spectroscopy

Funding information U.S. National Science FoundationDivision of Materials Research (NSFDMR); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); FAPESP, Grant/Award Number: 07793-6; CNPq Abstract Glasses remain a focus of attraction to fundamental researchers and materials engineers alike. The desire of controlling physical property combinations by compositional design inspires the search for fundamental structural concepts describing the shortand medium-range order of the glassy state. From its early beginnings more than 60 years ago, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been making significant contributions toward this objective. Being element-selective, inherently quantitative as well as selective to the local environment, NMR in many ways presents an ideal experimental tool of structural investigation of glasses. Over the years, substantial NMR methods development, along with advances in the theoretical interpretation of NMR parameters, have significantly enhanced our fundamental knowledge of mediumrange order and of composition-structure-function relationships. As we are approaching the 60th anniversary of the publication of the first article dealing with this topic (A.H. Silver and P.J. Bray, The Journal of Chemical Physics 1958, 29, 984), it is time to look back at the amazing scientific trajectory this field of investigation has taken, from the early beginnings to the present state of the art. As such, this overview does not strive to be comprehensive, but adopts a personal perspective, highlighting what in the view of the author have been influential developments and important insights obtained during the various phases of scientific inquiry in this research field.
Ultrasonographic measurement of the diaphragm movement during cough and extubation outcomes

Background: A cough peak flow (CPF) of <60 L/min was significantly associated with increased risk of extubation failure after a successful spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). Passive cephalic excursion of the diaphragm (PCED), measured by ultrasonography during cough expiration, was reported to predict CPF in healthy adults. We hypothesized that PCED, diaphragm peak velocity, or both, during cough, as measured by ultrasonography, might predict CPF and extubation outcome in mechanically ventilated patients. This study attempted to identify associations of ultrasonographic indices of the diaphragm with simultaneously measured CPF and to investigate the predictive values of ultrasonographic indices for extubation outcomes after a successful SBT.Methods: Two hundred fifty-two (252) mechanically ventilated patients with a successful SBT were enrolled in the prospective cohort study. Right hemidiaphragm passive cephalic excursion and peak velocity were measured by ultrasonography during voluntary cough expiration with maximum effort. CPF was measured simultaneously with ultrasonographic measurements.Results: A multiple regression model adjusted for age and sex showed a significant association between PCED and CPF (P < 0.001, adjusted beta coefficient 11.4, 95% CI 8.88–14.0, adjusted R2 = 0.287) and between diaphragm peak velocity and CPF (P < 0.001, adjusted beta coefficient 1.71, 95% CI 1.91–2.24, adjusted R2 = 0.235). The areas under the curves of PCED, diaphragm peak velocity, and CPF for extubation failure were 0.791 (95% Cl 0.668–0.914), 0.587 (95% Cl 0.426–0.748), and 0.765 (95% Cl 0.609–0.922), respectively.Conclusions: PCED measured by ultrasonography significantly predicted CPF and extubation failure after a successful SBT.
An overview of acute lung injury in general and in particular viral infections with specific reference to nebulized surfactant and anticoagulation

The coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an international pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 affects cardiovascular, digestive and urogenital systems. In an attempt to develop a multimodal and targeted approach to the pathophysiology associated with viral lung injury, we reviewed lung histopathology, inflammation, surfactant biology and pathophysiology related to viral associated acute lung injury (ALI / ARDS). Histopathology of viral pneumonia/ARDS cases of the past 100 years has revealed that lung parenchymal and vascular pathologic changes described in the 1918 influenza pandemic, are no different from the histopathology observed in other viral pandemics. Given the inflammatory storm which can occur in COVID-19 infection, the patient is a candidate to develop the classic multi-organ dysfunction and / or failure (MOD/F) which may well include ALI and ARDS. Because there is a well described temporal change in the pathophysiology associated with ALI /ARDS, a “one size fit al” remedy will not suffice, hence our attempt at a targeted functional approach. For instance, variable results in adults treated with surfactant have relegated the use of surfactant in adult ARDS to an uncertainty. We speculate that early and repeated surfactant installation in adults is required in adults. Surfactant may also have beneficial effects on the inflammatory process in the ARDS lung. The increased clotting tendency associated with the inflammation (and ARDS), particularly the effect on the lung vasculature (acute pulmonary hypertension and increased dead space), causes mechanical pressure overload (and failure) of the right ventricle and mechanical respiratory failure. Active management of these should include inhibition of the accelerated coagulation and thrombolysis (via nebulization) and early inotropic support.
Heterosis studies in bottlegourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.].

Experiment on heterosis in bottlegourd was conducted involving 9 parents, their 36 F1 hybrids and one standard check. The crop was raised in RBD with three replications under four environments. The analysis of variance indicated presence of significant genetic variability in the experimental material. Mean squares due to genotypes as well as parents and hybrids, environments and their interaction effects were significant. Hybrids, Banswara Local-1 x IC 92374, Banswara Local-1 x Pusa Naveen and IC 92374 x PSPL were superior and exhibited significant economic heterosis for fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant and its contributing traits in all the environments. Most of the heterotic crosses were also heterobeltiotic.
Effect of different levels of NPK with combined use of FYM and sulphur on yield, quality and nutrients uptake in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Thrice replicated field experiments were conducted in Rabi season of year 2009-10 and 2011-12 to evaluate the effect of three levels of NPK with and without FYM and sulphur on yield, quality and nutrients uptake by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The results revealed that treatment containing 100% RDF of NPK + FYM 5MT ha+ Sulphur 40kg ha recorded significantly highest mustard grain yield (17.96 q ha), protein content (21.06%), oil yield (6.72 q ha) and uptakes of nitrogen (60.53 kg ha ), phosphorus (7.6 kg ha), potassium (13.47 ha) and sulphur (21.01 ppm) by mustard seed were also significantly highest with this treatment, whereas treatment consisting 100% RDF of NPK + Sulphur 40kg appeared to be more promising to gave significantly and highest stover yield (43.7 q ha), oil content (37.66 q ha) and uptakes of nitrogen (47.42 kg ha), phosphorus (8.02 kg ha), potassium (60.09 ha) and sulphur (15.21 ppm) by mustard stover over other treatments.
AI­chatbots on the services frontline addressing the challenges and opportunities of agency

AI-chatbots as frontline agents promise innovative opportunities for shaping service offerings that benefit customers and retailers. Examining current practice through the lens of agency, as defined by Social Cognitive Theory, we present a 3-level classification of AI-chatbot design (anthropomorphic role, appearance and interactivity) and examine how the combination of these three aspects of chatbot design impacts on the complementarities of agency. Recognizing current implementation challenges, we advance that the complementarities of agency at each level are the lynchpin mechanism that translates AI-chatbot design into service relevant outcomes. We develop a research agenda focused on the emotion interface, resolution of the proxy agency dilemma and development of collective agency to support the implementation of AI-chatbots as frontline service agents.
Electrochemical determination of phenol at natural phosphatemodified carbon paste electrode

A Cyclic voltammetry (VC) and Square Wave Voltammetry methods for the determination of trace amounts of phenol at carbon paste electrode modified with Natural Phosphate (NP-CPE) is proposed. The results showed that the NP-CPE exhibited excellent electro catalytic activity to phenol. The concentration of phenol and measuring solution pH was investigated.This electrochemical sensor shows an excellent performance for detecting phenol.The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of phenol in a real sample with satisfactory results.
Identification of AC003986.3 as an Independent Risk Factor for Glioma Patient Survival and Functional Analysis

Background: To validate the potential of AC003986.3 in predicting glioma patient survival and analyze its underlying mechanism.Methods: Gene expression and clinical features of the patients with gliomas were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlatls. Correlation between AC003986.3 expression profile and patient clinical features and survival were analyzed. Multivariate Cox regression was employed to determine the risk factors for patient survival and construct the prediction model for survival. Validation of the multivariate Cox regression model was performed by comparing the survival curves between the model-predicted high and low death risk subgroups and calculating the accuracy of predicting 1, 2, 3, and 5 years survival by the model. Target genes were predicted with Ensemble Browser. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to explore AC003986.3 related gene sets enrichment in Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways.Results: 655 samples with gene expression and complete clinical features were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Clinical features enrolled in this study were follow up time, survival status, race, gender, race and pathological grade. AC003986.3 expression was positively related to patient age and pathological grade. Patients with High AC003986.3 expression suffered a poorer survival than those with low expression. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that AC003986.3 expression was an independent risk factor for patient survival irrespective of age and pathological grade. Predicted by Ensemble Browser, TWIST1 was identified as the target of AC003986.3. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that AC003986.3 related gene sets were mainly enriched in cell metabolism.Conclusions: AC003986.3 expression was closely related to age and pathological grade in glioma patients, and was an independent risk factor for patient survival irrespective of age and pathological grade. AC003986.3 was mainly involved in regulating tumor cell metabolism, and this effect is probably mediated by TWIST1.
Late pruning and carry‐over effects on phenology, yield components and berry traits in Shiraz

Background and Aims Global warming is shifting vine phenology, compressing harvests and altering the balance of fruit traits relevant to wine. Our aim was to test late pruning as a tool to delay maturity and to assess carry-over effects from repeated late pruning on phenology, yield components, dynamics of leaf area and berry traits of Shiraz grown in the Barossa Valley of Australia. Methods and Results A trial was established in a commercial vineyard comparing three pruning times during four consecutive seasons: (i) winter (Control), (ii) budburst and (iii) 2–3 leaves emerged. Compared with the Control, TSS in berries of vines pruned at 2–3 leaves reached 12°Be 7 days later in the first three seasons, and 14 days later in the last season; the budburst treatment was intermediate between that of winter and of 2–3 leaves. Yield was unchanged by late pruning in three seasons and increased in one. Leaf area index at harvest in 2–3 leaves was greater or similar than in the Control. Late pruning shifted the onset of anthocyanin accumulation against TSS, increasing the anthocyanin concentration and the anthocyanin-to-sugar ratio in two seasons. Conclusion Late pruning delayed maturity with neutral or positive effects for yield and berry traits. Carry-over effects on phenology, yield, leaf area and berry traits were negligible. Significance of the Study In a context of global warming, delaying pruning to 2–3 leaves can effectively spread the harvest and partially restore the anthocyanin : sugar ratio with no penalty for yield in Barossa Valley Shiraz.
Creeping disaster along the U.S. coastline: Understanding exposure to sea level rise and hurricanes through historical development

Current estimates of U.S. property at risk of coastal hazards and sea level rise (SLR) are staggering—evaluated at over a trillion U.S. dollars. Despite being enormous in the aggregate, potential losses due to SLR depend on mitigation, adaptation, and exposure and are highly uneven in their distribution across coastal cities. We provide the first analysis of how changes in exposure (how and when) have unfolded over more than a century of coastal urban development in the United States. We do so by leveraging new historical settlement layers from the Historical Settlement Data Compilation for the U.S. (HISDAC-US) to examine building patterns within and between the SLR zones of the conterminous United States since the early twentieth century. Our analysis reveals that SLR zones developed faster and continue to have higher structure density than non-coastal, urban, and inland areas. These patterns are particularly prominent in locations affected by hurricanes. However, density levels in historically less-developed coastal areas are now quickly converging on early settled SLR zones, many of which have reached building saturation. These “saturation effects” suggest that adaptation polices targeting existing buildings and developed areas are likely to grow in importance relative to the protection of previously undeveloped land.
Trans-Boundary Transport of PM2.5 to the Western Japan and Japan Sea Side Regions Based on the Source-Receptor Analysis

In order to have a better understanding of Asian scale trans-boundary PM2.5 contribution over western Japan and Japan Sea side area, source-receptor analysis based on the chemical transport model was conducted. We used GEOS Chem model and divided the Asian model domain into 15 major source regions, and the emission intensity sensitivity (source-receptor relationship) was examined. Long-term aerosol observation data at the Chikushi-campus of Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, from December 2013 to March 2015 was used to validate the model performance. We also confirmed that the numerical model generally captured the observed time variation of PM2.5 at remote islands (Miyakojima, Fukue, Oki, and Sado) quite well. We showed that the contribution of Japanese domestic emission to the annual averaged PM2.5 concentration at Fukuoka was only 20%, and the other 80% of PM2.5 was coming from outside of Japan (19.6% and 16.3% were coming from central north China region and Korea, respectively). Modeled source-receptor ratio in Fukuoka and the observed PM2.5 concentration decrease in Beijing-Tianjin-Shandong area explained the recent decreasing trend of PM2.5 (13% decrease from 2014 to 2016) at Fukuoka.
Upgrade of Solvent-Free Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Mixture to High-Value Biofuels over Ni-Containing MgO–SiO2 Catalysts with Greatly Improved Water-Resistance

The upgrade of acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) mixture from biomass to high-value biofuels has aroused increasing attention. However, a reported heterogeneous catalyst, metal-containing MgAl-hydrotalcite (HT), is confronted with a serious water-resistance problem due to an inherent memory effect of HT materials. With the aim of exploring catalysts with improved water-resistance, metal-containing MgO–SiO2 catalysts were synthesized and evaluated. An investigation on the effect of metal type including Ni, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Co, metal loading, and reaction temperature on catalytic performance indicates that the 10 wt % Ni–MgO–SiO2 catalyst provides the best catalytic performance, giving a yield of 81.5% to C5–C15 ketones and alcohols at 240 °C. As expected, the catalyst exhibits an excellent water-resistance. It could tolerate up to 3 wt % water, which was much higher than 0.5 wt % over that of Cu- or Pd-HT as reported. Results from XRD and 29Si MAS NMR analyses indicate that the high water-resistance could be as.
Decreased expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 10 correlates unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer

Background: Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) play an important role in fundamental cellular processes. Among these, USP10 is known for its association with tumor development and progression of multiple cancers. Here, we found a potential link between USP10 and p14ARF in colorectal cancer. Methods: USP10 and p14ARF protein expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a tissue microarray from 280 colorectal cancer cases. IHC scores were evaluated by digital image analysis and compared with patients’ outcomes. In addition, we examined DNA hypermethylation in colorectal cancer cell lines and tissues, which were matched with adjacent normal colon samples. Results: USP10 expression (USP10 loss ) was lost in 18.6% of samples (52/280 cases), which was linked to lymphovascular invasion ( p =0.019) and distant metastases ( p <0.001). Similarly, loss of p14ARF expression (p14ARF loss ) was associated with more advanced tumors. USP10 expression correlated positively with p14ARF expression ( r =0.617, p <0.001). USP10 loss , p14ARF loss , and loss of both USP10 and p14ARF (USP10 loss /p14ARF loss ) were significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival and overall survival in comparison to USP10 intact , p14ARF intact , and USP10 intact /p14ARF intact , respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that USP10 loss (Hazard ratio=2.07, p =0.046) and USP10 loss /p14ARF loss (Hazard ratio=1.41, p =0.010) are independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival in colorectal cancer patients. Furthermore, aberrant hypermethylation of the USP10 promoter region was found in colorectal cancer cell lines and tissues. Conclusions: The present results suggest that USP10 loss is a potential prognostic marker for colorectal cancer.
Effect of Educational Program of Self-care Behaviors on Perceived Social Support Among Mother With Preeclampsia From Southeastern Iran, A Clinical Trial Study

ObjectivePreeclampsia in pregnancy causes severe perinatal complications. Self-care may play a role in improving health, quality of life and reducing health costs. The aim of this study was Effect of Educational Program of Self-Care Behaviors on Perceived Social Support among mother with Preeclampsia.ResultsMean score of self-care, social support and its dimensions in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group [p < 0.05]. In the control group, the correlation between the score of self-care with social support and its dimensions was negative and significant [P < 0.05]. In the intervention group, the correlation between self-care, perceived social support and its dimensions was no significant. The score of self-care and perceived social support increased significantly after intervention. However, the correlation between self-care score and social support in intervention group was not significant.Trial registration number: IRCT20180127038526N1 Registration date: 2018-05-01
Performance Assessment of Pump‐and‐Treat Systems

Pump‐and‐treat (P&T) is a widely applied remedy for groundwater remediation at many types of sites for multiple types of contaminants. Decisions regarding major changes in the remediation approach are an important element of environmental remediation management for a site using P&T. While existing guidance documents provide information on design, operation, and optimization for P&T systems, these documents do not provide specific technical guidance to support remedy decisions regarding when to transition to a new remedy or to initiate closure of the P&T remedy. A structured approach for P&T performance assessment was developed and is described herein, using analysis of three example P&T systems. These examples highlight key aspects of the performance assessment decision logic and represent assessment outcomes associated with optimizing the P&T system, transitioning from P&T to natural attenuation, and supplementing P&T with another technology to hasten transition to natural attenuation.
Levels and trends in family planning method use among urban adolescents and young women in Guinea: analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from 1999 to 2018

Background Despite improvements, adolescent fertility remains high in Africa. In Guinea, high fertility among adolescents and young women in urban areas remains a public health concern. This study aims to describe levels and trends in, and factors associated with using modern family planning (FP) methods among urban adolescents and young women in Guinea.Methods We used four Guinea Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 1999, 2005, 2012, and 2018. Among urban adolescents and young women (15–24 years), we examined trends over time in four key indicators: 1. Contraceptive use (% using any using any FP method among all and among those in need for FP), 2. Unmet need for FP (% not using any FP method among all and among those in need for FP) and 3.Modern contraceptive use (% of using modern FP methods and among those in need of FP), and 4. % using modern FP method (demand satisfied). We multivariable logistic regression to examine association between socio-demographic factors and modern FP use (indicator 2) on the most recent DHS dataset (2018). Results We found a statistically significant changes over the time period exmained in modern contracetive use (8.4% in 1999 to 12.8% in 2018, p < 0.01), demand satisfied (29.0% in 1999, 54.1% in 2018, p < 0.001), and halving of unmet need for FP (from 15.8% in 1999 to 8.6% in 2018, p < 0.001). The most important changes in these two indicators occurred between 1999 and 2005. Compared to those 15–19 years, young women (20–24) more likely to use modern FP methods. Those living in Faranah and Kankan more likely to use modern FP method than those in Conakry. Middle and richer wealth quintile households were more likely to use modern FP compared to poorer. Married women compared to nevever married and those from the Peulh and Malinke ethnic groups compared to Soussou were less likely to use modern FP methods.Conclusion Despite some progress, efforts are still needed to improve FP method use among urban adolescent and you women. Future policies and intervention programs should emphasize on improving adolescents’ reproductive health knowledge and increasing awareness of FP method use. The focus should also be on adolescents aged 15–19 years, disparities of urban administrative regions, ethnic groups, and wealth index, especially the poor quintiles.