Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF ANTI EPILEPTIC DRUGS IN RURAL TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL 1

Background: There is evidence of different patterns in drug utilisation of antiepileptic drugs in India. Objective of this study is to study utilization pattern of anti epileptic drugs in rural tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and methods: Observational prospective study of 9 months duration from June 2015 to March 2016 was carried out after human ethics research committee approval at Pediatric & General medicine in-patient department. Data was collected in customized data collection form after taking patient or patient care taker consent and from patient, case sheets and prescriptions. Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 questionnaire was used to assess the adherence at baseline. Data were measured in percentage and frequency using descriptive statistics. Microsoft excel was used to summarize and for analysis of data. Results: We reviewed 120 prescriptions which contained 209 antiepileptic drugs. To these drugs; females (58%) and patients with age group of 1-18 (58.33%) years were more exposed. 80% of diagnosis was epilepsy without any co-morbidity. Prescription pattern of drugs showed that Phenytoin (34.44%) was most common. At maximum 4 antiepileptic drugs were seen in one prescription introducing polytherapy (64.16%). We seen very less (3.82%) newer antiepileptics compared to older generations. We also found 43.9% severe, 17.07% mild and 39.02% moderate drug interactions most commonly (80.48%) by pharmacokinetic mechanism. We identified one Carbamazepine induced rashes among 37 drugs exposed. We also seen 66.66% of patient were having poor medication adherence score at base line. We World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 6.805 Volume 5, Issue 5, 943-964. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105
Experimental characterization of reservoir rocks and geotechnical materials

Exploration geophysics, forecasting of geo-hazards and geodynamic studies require the improvement of geophysical methods for subsurface imaging. The better the physical properties of the geomaterials are constrained the higher is the accuracy of the subsurface model. Physical properties of geomaterials are correctly defined not only when elastic parameters are precisely evaluated, but also when the correct rheological model is considered (e.g. frequency dependent moduli). For instance, imaging of crustal domains is more accurate when viscoelasticity is taken into account. This is especially true when the subsurface domains are impregnated with liquids such as water, hydrocarbons or magma. Attenuation and dynamic moduli are the parameters required to define material viscoelasticity. Presently they are little investigated in the range of the seismic frequencies. Viscoelasticity of few lithologies has been measured and only at limited physical conditions. In addition, the role of fluids in enhancing viscoelasticity is still poorly understood, and a unified theory explaining how fluids interplay with seismic waves, generating attenuation, does not still exist. The research presented in this thesis aims to improve our understanding of physical properties of geomaterials. The thesis is divided into three parts with specific goals. The first goal of this research was to design, build and calibrate a new experimental machine capable to measure seismic wave attenuation for frequency ranging from 0.1 to 100 Hz: the “Broad Band Attenuation Vessel” (BBAV). This instrument measures seismic wave attenuation in decimetric-sized samples at confining pressures up to 25 MPa. In addition, the peculiarities of the BBAV had allowed developing a methodology to measure fluid pressure transients as a consequence of a variation of vertical stress in a partially saturated sample.
The Species-Area Relationship of the Southern Appalachian High Peaks: Vascular Plant Richness and Rare Plant Distributions

Ten areas in the southern Appalachians surpass 5,500 ft (1,680 m), with maximum elevation ranging from 5,520 ft (1,682 m) to 6,684 ft (2,037 m). These high elevation areas might be viewed as a series of high elevation islands of northern community types. A total vascular flora of 342 species has been documented for these areas, with species richness on the separate areas positively correlated with size of the area, number of peaks, maximum elevation, and number of community types present. Rare species categories were more strongly correlated with area than was total species richness. A log/log plot of the species-area relations for the eight largest areas had a slope of . 28 (similar to values reported for insular areas) when all ten areas were included the slope was . 12 (similar to values reported for continental areas). The two smallest areas (Mt. Pisgah and Whitetop) had higher species richness than predicted from their size alone. An hypothesis is-developed that explains this pattern and the patchy distribution of rare plants among the ten areas.
Healthcare Provider N95 Respirator Contamination Worn Behind Face Shields With SARS-CoV-2 During Routine Clinical Care of Patients With COVID-19

Abstract N95 respirator contamination with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during clinical care of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is poorly understood. We performed a prospective observational study on healthcare provider's (HCP’s) N95 respirators’ and face shields’ SARS-CoV-2 contamination during aerosol-generating procedures on SARS-CoV-2–positive patients housed in a COVID-19–specific unit. Medical masks worn on top of HCP's N95 respirators, and under face shields, during study aerosol-generating procedures were used as surrogates to detect contamination to avoid waste. Thirty-three HCPs were studied, and a total of 33 mask and 27 face shields were sampled. Masks were cut into 9 pieces and face shields were sampled twice, front and back, to determine locality of contamination; however, no positive samples were identified using standard polymerase chain reaction techniques with a CT value up to 40. All 9 mask piece samples were then pooled, as were face shield samples, using centrifugal concentration with polyethersulfone membranes. Once pooled and concentrated, overall, 9 (15%) samples were positive via real-time polymerase chain reaction: 5 from masks (15.2%) and 4 from face shields (14.8%).
LSTM-Based GNSS Localization Using Satellite Measurement Features Jointly with Pseudorange Residuals

In the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) context, the growing number of available satellites has led to many challenges when it comes to choosing the most-accurate pseudorange contributions, given the strong impact of biased measurements on positioning accuracy, particularly in single-epoch scenarios. This work leverages the potential of machine learning in predicting linkwise measurement quality factors and, hence, optimize measurement weighting. For this purpose, we used a customized matrix composed of heterogeneous features such as conditional pseudorange residuals and per-link satellite metrics (e.g., carrier-to-noise-power-density ratio and its empirical statistics, satellite elevation, carrier phase lock time). This matrix is then fed as an input to a long short-term memory (LSTM) deep neural network capable of exploiting the hidden correlations between these features relevant to positioning, leading to the predictions of efficient measurement weights. Our extensive experimental results on real data, obtained from extensive field measurements, demonstrate the high potential of our proposed solution, which is able to outperform traditional measurement weighting and selection strategies from the state-of-the-art. In addition, we included detailed illustrations based on representative sessions to provide a concrete understanding of the significant gains of our approach, particularly in strongly GNSS-challenged operating conditions.
Holocene climatic change in the Alaskan Arctic as inferred from oxygen-isotope and lake-sediment analyses at Wahoo Lake

Despite recent progress in understanding high-latitude climate variability, paleoclimate records are scarce from the Alaskan Arctic. We conducted isotopic and sediment analyses at Wahoo Lake to infer Holocene climate variability in northeastern Alaska. Water δ18O and δD values from the lake and its inlet/outlet streams suggest that winter precipitation dominates modern water inputs and that evaporation has limited influence on the lake’s hydrological budget. The isotopic composition of Pisidium exhibits marked variations during the past 11,500 years, with δ18O ranging between −18.7‰ and −16.2‰ and δ13C between −7.1‰ and −2.3‰ (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB)). Elevated δ18O and sediment composition from 11.5 to 8.9 kcal. BP suggest evaporative 18O enrichment and arid conditions. Rising lake levels are evidenced by the disappearance of Pisidium and a transition to low-carbonate gyttja ca. 6.3 kcal. BP and by the onset of sediment deposition on an adjacent shelf by 5.3 kcal. BP. These changes coincided with enhanced effective moisture in interior and southern Alaska as inferred from lake-level records and may be related to broad-scale atmospheric circulation changes. In the shelf sediments, carbonate abundance increases markedly at 3.5 kcal. BP, and δ18O increases from −18.0‰ to −16.5‰ at 2.1 kcal. BP, possibly resulting from increased temperature and/or summer precipitation. After 2.1 kcal. BP, δ18O fluctuates with an overall decreasing trend to −17.2‰ at 0.9 kcal. BP. Late-Holocene variations in our δ18O record display coherent patterns with regional glacier fluctuations at centennial to millennial scales, suggesting that δ18O minima were related to a combination of low temperatures and enhanced winter snowfall. Holocene variations in organic matter abundance at Wahoo Lake also show broad similarities to total solar irradiance, implying that suborbital solar variability played a role in modulating regional climate and aquatic productivity.
Sex ratios and gender norms: why both are needed to understand sexual conflict in humans

Sexual conflict theory has been successfully applied to predict how in non-human animal populations, sex ratios can lead to conflicting reproductive interests of females and males and affect their bargaining positions in resolving such conflicts of interests. Recently this theory has been extended to understand the resolution of sexual conflict in humans, but with mixed success. We argue that an underappreciation of the complex relationship between gender norms and sex ratios has hampered a successful understanding of sexual conflict in humans. In this paper, we review and expand upon existing theory to increase its applicability to humans, where gender norms regulate sex ratio effects on sexual conflict. Gender norms constrain who is on the marriage market and how they are valued, and may affect reproductive decision-making power. Gender norms can also directly affect sex ratios, and we hypothesize that they structure how individuals respond to market value gained or lost through biased sex ratios. Importantly, gender norms are in part a product of women's and men's sometimes conflicting reproductive interests, but these norms are also subject to other evolutionary processes. An integration of sexual conflict theory and cultural evolutionary theory is required to allow for a full understanding of sexual conflict in humans.
Multi-parameter full waveform inversion using Poisson’s ratio for elastic media

In multi-parameter full waveform inversion (FWI), the success of recovering each parameter is dependent on characteristics of the partial derivative wavefields (or virtual sources), which differ according to parameterisation. Elastic FWIs based on the two conventional parameterisations (one uses Lamé constants and density; the other employs P- and S-wave velocities and density) have low resolution of gradients for P-wave velocities (or λ). Limitations occur because the virtual sources for P-wave velocity or λ (one of the Lamé constants) are related only to P–P diffracted waves, and generate isotropic explosions, which reduce the spatial resolution of the FWI for these parameters. To increase the spatial resolution, we propose a new parameterisation using P-wave velocity, Poisson’s ratio, and density for frequency-domain multi-parameter FWI for isotropic elastic media. By introducing Poisson’s ratio instead of S-wave velocity, the virtual source for the P-wave velocity generates P–S and S–S diffracted waves as well as P–P diffracted waves in the partial derivative wavefields for the P-wave velocity. Numerical examples of the cross–triangle–square (CTS) model indicate that the new parameterisation provides highly resolved descent directions for the P-wave velocity. Numerical examples of noise-free and noisy data synthesised for the elastic Marmousi-II model support the fact that the new parameterisation is more robust for noise than the two conventional parameterisations. A new parameterisation using P-wave velocity, Poisson’s ratio and density is proposed for multi-parameter full waveform inversion (FWI) for isotropic elastic media. By introducing Poisson’s ratio, the virtual source for the P-wave velocity generates additional S-waves in the partial derivative wavefields, which increases the spatial resolution of FWI.
Premenstrual Syndrome’s Impact on Work-Related Quality of Life Among Jordanian Nurses

Introduction Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a regular clinical condition that affects most women during their reproductive years. Its related symptoms may be linked to a decrease in women's quality of life. Female nurses may be more susceptible to PMS due to the demanding nature of their job. The importance of nurses’ jobs and how their quality of life will affect patients and themselves in parallel make female nurses a population that is worth investigating. Our objective is to estimate the level of PMS among Jordanian nurses and assess the potential impact of PMS on work-related quality of life among them. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 nurses who completed a questionnaire regarding demographic data, menstrual characteristics, the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), and the Work-Related Quality-of-Life Scale (WRQoL). The nurses were classified as having or not having PMS according to the PSST. Results The prevalence of PMS was 60.5%, the results showed a significantly lower mean WRQoL score for nurses with PMS (mean = 65.47, SD = 15.38) compared to nurses without PMS (mean = 70.54, SD = 14.47). The multivariable regression model revealed that the adjusted odds ratios for age, combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) use, family history, severe dysmenorrhea, job and career satisfaction, and stress at work were 0.90 (95% CI = 0.84, 0.96), 5.18 (95% CI = 1.33, 20.17), 2.52 (95% CI = 1.23, 5.18), 11.78 (95% CI = 2.48, 56.02), 0.92 (95% CI = 0.85, 0.99), and 1.20 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.42), respectively. Conclusion PMS is quite prevalent among Jordanian nurses, with a negative impact on their work-related quality of life. Healthcare managers might implement special regulations for female nurses with PMS to improve their work-related quality of life. This research suggests that PMS is a substantial factor in the low work-related quality of life among Jordanian nurses.
A change in social participation affects cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: analysis of a Chinese longitudinal study on aging (2011–2018)

Background One of the biggest challenges facing older adults is cognitive decline and social participation has always been considered a protective factor. However, it is not clear whether social participation predicts cognitive function in this population, rather than depressive symptoms, self-reported health, and activities of daily life, with sufficient capacity to detect unique effects. Methods This study included adults aged 45 and above in China (N = 5,258) who participated in a large national older adult health survey and provided data from 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018. The unique associations between the predictors of social participation and cognitive function over time and context were evaluated in the Latent Growth Model (LGM). Results Among the 5,258 participants in our study, an overall cognitive decline was observed. Social participation predicts two dimensions of cognitive function, with a degree of impact comparable to depressive symptoms, self-reported health, and activities of daily life. Among them, social participation exhibits a noteworthy prognostic impact on episodic memory during the same period. The regression coefficient is approximately 0.1 (p < 0.05) after controlling other mixed variables (depressive symptoms, self-reported health, and activities of daily life). In contrast, social participation is also a significant predictor of mental intactness in the same period, with a regression coefficient of 0.06 (p < 0.05), even if all mixed variables are controlled. Conclusion Over time, the correlation strength of social participation is comparable to other recognized cognitive function prediction indicators, indicating that promoting social participation among middle-aged and older Chinese adults is a meaningful way to improve cognitive function degradation, which has important policy and practical significance.
Testing of high strength lightweight aggregate concrete elements

Ces elements sont soumis a la flexion, au cisaillement et a la compression axiale. Des essais de fatigue sont aussi realises sur du beton de granulats legers a haute resistance non arme. L'etude est faite pour prouver l'applicabilite de ce type de beton pour des structures en eau profonde. Comparaison des resultats avec ceux correspondant a des recherches sur un beton de densite normale a haute et moyenne resistance
Ceramic–Salt Composite Electrolytes from Cold Sintering

The development of solid electrolytes with the combination of high ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and resistance to Li dendrites continues to be a challenge. A promising approach is to create inorganic–organic composites, where multiple components provide the needed properties, but the high sintering temperature of materials such as ceramics precludes close integration or co‐sintering. Here, new ceramic–salt composite electrolytes that are cold sintered at 130 °C are demonstrated. As a model system, composites of Li1.5Al0. 5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP) or Li1+x +y Alx Ti2−x Siy P3−y O12 (LATP) with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salts are cold sintered. The resulting LAGP–LiTFSI and LATP–LiTFSI composites exhibit high relative densities of about 90% and ionic conductivities in excess of 10−4 S cm−1 at 20 °C, which are comparable with the values obtained from LAGP and LATP sintered above 800 °C. It is also demonstrated that cold sintered LAGP–LiTFSI is electrochemically stable in Li symmetric cells over 1800 h at 0.2 mAh cm−2. Cold sintering provides a new approach for bridging the gap in processing temperatures of different materials, thereby enabling high‐performance composites for electrochemical systems.
Fractures and biopores in weichselian clayey till aquitards at Flakkebjerg, Denmark

The distribution of fractures and biopores in a clayey and sandy till aquitard was investigated in two excavations, on southem Zealand, Denmark. A large number of fracture data were measured and quantitative fracture properties calculated. The formation of fractures can be related to the depositional history of the tills during two glacier-advances/retreats and subsequent climatic changes during the Quaternary. The fractures including faults are separated into four systems: 1) Large vertical/subvertical fractures related to the oldest glacier-advance or interstadial climatic influence. 2) Horizontal -subhorizontal fractures related to subglacial drag/shear during a glacial advance from northeast and in an initial stage of a younger glacier-advance from southeast. 3) Normal faults related to subglacial loading during a late stage of the youngest glacier-advance and, 4) Minor desiccation and freeze-thaw fractures related to post-glacial climatic influence. A conceptual macropore distribution model was developed that consists of three zones with different macropore characteristics.
Crustal structure of the transition zone between Precambrian and Variscan Europe from new seismic data along LT-7 profile (NW Poland and eastern Germany)

L'article est la premiere presentation des resultats d'une campagne de sismique refraction et reflexion grand angle, au travers de la zone de suture trans-europeenne (= zone de Teisseyre-Tornquist) dans le NW de l'Europe (Pologne du NW et Allemagne de l'Est). La structure profonde sous cette suture est tres complexe et anormale: l'epaisseur de la croute du Tornquist-Teisseyre, le Moho (Vp=8,2 km s -1 ) est decele a 35 km et a 50-55 km existe une seconde surface de reflexion
Diversity of medicinal plants and their uses by the Sanger tribe of Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract. Pandiangan D, Silalahi M, Dapas F, Kandou F. 2019. Diversity of medicinal plants and their uses by the Sanger tribe of Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 621-631. The Sanger tribe is an indigenous tribe in Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi, who still continue to use traditional medicinal plants. The objectives of this study were to document the diversity of medicinal plants and their general uses by the Sanger tribe in the selected villages of Sangihe Islands and to identify plants that have anti-cancer potential. The study was conducted with ethnobotanical approach using survey and interviews among 90 respondents selected from 9 study villages located in 3 sub-districts of Sangihe Islands. The study showed that 118 species of medicinal plants belonging to 47 families had been used by the Sanger tribe to treat 39 different types of diseases. Thirteen (13) species each were used for treating fever and ulcers, 12 species in the treatment of poisoning, 10 species each for cough and kidney diseases, 8 species for each of the diabetes mellitus and cancer or tumors, and 7 species each for itching, hypertension, physical injury and blood circulation disorders. For other diseases, the number of plant species used as medicines varied from 1 to 6. Leaves were the most predominantly used part for medicinal purposes as this was used in case of 73 species, followed by stems (37 species), roots (29 species), flowers (25 species), fruits (20 species) and seeds (17 species). Twenty percent (20% of the recorded medicinal plants were consumed directly and others after different methods of processing and preparation, such as boiling (51%), crushing (15%), roasting (2%), soaking (16%) and pasting (7%), and a species can be used more once. A utilization of Dischidia nythesiana as medicines for cancer/tumor by the Sanger tribe has not been reported before.