Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactive comment on “Variability of the ocean heat content during the last millennium – an assessment with the ECHO-g Model” by P. Ortega

The authors are grateful to the four anonymous referees for their helpful and constructive comments. We think that the new version of the article benefits substantially from the changes that have been proposed. All suggestions were carefully considered and most of them were included in the new manuscript. Some long comments were divided into different sub-points to better organise the response and to ease readability. We have also tried to reply in detail each of the major and minor comments. The full text of the review is reproduced below, with an answer following each comment. A pdf file highlighting changes (deletions/addition) to the previous version of the manuscript
CLEP_A_244443 659..666

Geum Joon Cho Michael S Oh Min-Jeong Oh 1 Keon Vin Park Sung Won Han Young Kwang Chae 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; 3School of Industrial Management Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Background: The effect of blood transfusions on the risk of developing primary cancer remains unclear, especially when administered in the peripartum period. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 270,529 pregnant women who delivered between January 1, 2007 andDecember 31, 2009, with data obtained from three national databases in South Korea. From this cohort, we identified 4569 patients who received peripartum blood transfusions. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for new diagnoses of cancer and adjusted them for relevant clinical factors using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: During follow-up, patients who received peripartum transfusions had an increased risk of developing cancer, with an adjusted HR of 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.34). In a subgroup analysis, this risk was significant only among patients who received 3 or more units of blood, with an adjusted HR of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.10–1.79). Increased risk after transfusions were seen with brain, lung, ovarian, and gallbladder cancers. The difference in cancer risk between the transfusion and no-transfusion groups remained significant during both the first (1.29% vs 1.07%, p < 0.01) and second year (0.74% vs 0.56%, p < 0.01) after delivery. Conclusion: Receipt of 3 or more blood transfusions in the peripartum period was associated with a significantly increased risk of developing cancer. Prospective studies should be pursued to further understand the link between blood transfusions and long-term oncologic risks.
Market Entry with Frictional Matching and Bargaining: An Experimental Study

This paper studies an experimental labor market that incorporates elements from the standard theory of equilibrium unemployment. Specifically, we test in a controlled lab setting a novel market entry game that includes matching frictions and wage bargaining. The model predicts that firms will enter up to the point at which stochastic rationing of workers equalizes the value of a vacancy with its costs. Between treatments, we vary productivity and bargaining strength. Consistent with theory, we find that increases in productivity increase job creation and thereby reduce unemployment. We also reproduce the expected outcomes associated with different forms of wage negotiation. When wages are determined by bargaining after match, firms face a hold-up problem. As a consequence, job creation collapses when workers have excessive bargaining power. In contrast, when wages are determined prior to entry, workers moderate their wage claims to induce vacancy creation. Although our findings tend to align with theory, we observe some deviations. In particular, there is a systematic bias in the aggregate level of entry: There is too much vacancy creation when productivity is low and too little vacancy creation when productivity is high. To explain this bias and to account for heterogeneity at the individual level, we estimate a quantal response equilibrium in which we allow for idiosyncratic preferences for entry.
Adults in the Hohoe Municipality of Ghana

Adults in the Hohoe Municipality of Ghana 2 3 4 Abstract 5 Background:Diabetes Mellitus (DM), one of the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a 6 major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is increasingly becoming an important 7 public health concern. This study examinedthe prevalence, control and risk factors associated 8 with DM2 among adults in the Hohoe Municipality.Method: This was a hospital-based case 9 control study that involved 70 cases and 140 controls. Data was collected using aface-to-face 10 interview with structured questionnaires. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and 11 anthropometric indices were measured with appropriate instruments following standard 12 procedures.Differences in meanswere determined using t-test. Chi-square test and conditional 13 logistic regression model were used to determine association and the strength of the 14 association between independent categorical variables and DM2 respectively. 15 Results:Prevalence of diabetes among controls was 5.7%. Uncontrolled diabetes among 16 cases was 78.6%. Prevalence of hypertension among cases was higher (64.3%) than in 17 controls (60.0%). Adults with overweight and obesity were 13.03 and 12.81 times more 18 likely to develop diabetes (AOR=13.02, p=0.011) and (AOR=12.81, p=0.015) respectively. 19 Civil servants were 0.15 times less likely to have diabetes (AOR=0.15, 0.048). Adults who 20 recently tested their blood glucose, or current/ex-smokerswere 12.03and 12.88 times more 21 likely to develop diabetes(OR=12.03, p<0.001)and (OR=12.88, p=0.037) respectively. 22 Conclusion: One out of 5 diabetics could not control their blood glucose levels. Six out of 10 23 diabetics had hypertension. About 5.7% of adults’ population with diabetes are not aware. 24 Recent testing of blood sugar, overweight and obesity, smokingand occupation were factors 25 found to be associated with diabetes in the HohoeMunicipality. 26 27
Performance of multi-cylinder diesel engine fueled with mahua biodiesel using Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technique

ABSTRACT India is mainly an agricultural country. For irrigation, the farmers are primarily dependent on diesel engines which run on immaculate diesel. In order to reduce the consumption of diesel, oxygenated fuel additives seem to be a good proposition. In this connection, biodiesel is one of the best choices and this study is an attempt in that direction. Of the various non-edible vegetable oils available for making biodiesel, Mahua oil (Madhuca Indica) is preferred since it is widely available across the country. The problem with biodiesel is the higher emission of oxides of nitrogen (NOx). NOx emissions can be controlled with Ad-Blue (Urea) solution. Fortunately, for the irrigation sector, it may be considered as a blessing in disguise since, Urea which is used to control the NOx emissions is used as a fertilizer. In this work an experimental study has been carried out to assess the suitability of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technique in reducing NOx. To arrive at accurate results, property characterization has been carried out for various blends. Tests were conducted on a multi-cylinder water cooled diesel engine at 2400 rpm. For loading an eddy current dynamometer was used. The injection nozzle opening pressure (NOP) was set to 220 bar with constant static injection timing (SIT) of 18° before top dead center (bTDC). This study presents the results at full load, employing SCR technique. The results were compared with conventional engine results under same operating condition where no reduction technique was employed. It was found that there was a significant reduction in NOx (around 3.91%) when the engine was operated with 25% biodiesel, thereby saving 25% diesel. This study establishes that SCR technique with 25% biodiesel addition as a viable option without any modification in the engine and without any compromise on the engine performance. Therefore, this option can be considered as sustainable one in agricultural operation.
Particle image velocimetry technique for analysis of retractibility in woods of Pinus elliottii

The aim of this work was to verify the ability to use the Particle Image Velocimetry technique for measurements of dimensional variations resulting from wood retractability of Pinus elliottii wood, initially saturated and with the surface marked with multiple dots of ink randomly distributed, was used in this work to apply the Particle Image Velocimetry technique. The specimens were dried and images were captured during the process. The images obtained were processed by the Particle Image Velocimetry algorithm and the deformations that occurred were calculated. For comparison, a conventional method (pachymeter) was used to measure the dimensions of the specimen during drying. The variation in dimensions obtained on the surface of the specimens from the Particle Image Velocimetry technique was 2,28 % for the radial direction and 0,20 % for the longitudinal direction of the fibers. With the standardized method, these values were 2,18 % for the radial direction and 0,21 % for longitudinal. The reduction in the average area of the specimens was 3,85 % by the Particle Image Velocimetry technique and 3,77 % by the conventional methodology. It was concluded that the Particle Image Velocimetry technique was able to accurately measure the displacements on the surface of the Pinus elliottii specimens, resulting in values statistically similar to those reached through the use of the conventional measurement method, demonstrating its reliability.
Point-by-point response to the reviews and all relevant changes made in the manuscript

“The authors main goal was to determine whether it was feasible to obtain a meaningful calibration of a sun radiometer in a less than optimal locale for performing Langley calibrations. Langley calibrations allow one to estimate the TOA response of a sun radiometer, but are best performed on a high mountain top above the boundary layer. To this end they compared aerosol optical depths obtain from an MFRSR with the CIMEL radiometer operated using the AERONET protocol. The CIMEL calibration is derived from comparison to instruments calibrated at Mauna Loa Observatory. The RMSE, which they define as a deviation from the AERONET results, was 0.025 and within the uncertainties of the two instruments. I find that the results of the paper are based on scientifically sound reasoning and should be acceptable for publication. ”
50th Anniversary Perspective: Networks and Gels: Soft but Dynamic and Tough

Soft polymer networks have seen an explosion of recent developments motivated by new high tech applications in the biomedical field or in engineering. We present a candid and critical overview of the current understanding of the relation between the structure and molecular architecture of polymer networks and their mechanical properties, restricting ourselves to soft networks made of flexible polymers and displaying entropic elasticity. We specifically review and compare recent approaches to synthesize swollen hydrogels with enhanced toughness, resilient but tough unfilled elastomers and self-healing networks containing dynamic bonds. The purpose is less to draw a comprehensive catalogue of approaches than to identify and unify the underlying principles controlling toughening mechanisms and mechanical self-healing behavior and to point out remaining challenges.
A model of transient internal flow and atomization of propellant/ethanol mixtures in pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDI)

ABSTRACT This article reports the extension to binary propellant/excipient mixtures of the multiphase model of transient internal flow and atomization in pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) of Gavtash and colleagues for propellant-only flows. The work considers different accounts of the effect of less volatile ethanol on the saturated vapor pressure (SVP), viscosity and surface tension of HFA-based pMDI formulations. Representation of the SVP of HFA/ethanol mixtures by Raoult's law is compared with the empirical model developed by Gavtash and colleagues as well as different theoretical mixing rules for surface tension and viscosity. For initial ethanol contents ranging from 0 to 20% by mass, the temperature, pressure and spray velocity were predicted to be almost independent of ethanol concentration when using the empirical SVP model of Gavtash and colleagues. The predicted aerosol droplet size increases with increasing concentration of ethanol. These model predictions compare favorably with phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) measurements of pMDI sprays. Exploration of model predictions with different mixing rules suggest that variations of the dynamic viscosity could result in 0.7 µm droplet size change, and different surface tension models yield around 1.5 µm droplet size change. The findings of this work challenge the view that the increase of droplet size is caused by the low volatility of excipients such as ethanol. Instead, attention is focused on composition-dependent viscosity and surface tension as potential controlling parameters with significant effect on the droplet size of HFA/ethanol sprays. Copyright © 2018 American Association for Aerosol Research
OARRR_A_248977 73..78

Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Abstract: Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting mainly the salivary and lacrimal glands characterized by lymphocytic infiltration which results in gland destruction and impairment of functions. SS rarely affects pediatric patients, and there are no clear diagnostic criteria as there are with adult SS. The present case reports an atypical case of SS in a 3-year-old female who was closely followed up with for 5 years. The important role of salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) in early diagnosis, the change in clinical picture, as well as fluctuation of serology, are noticed.
MANAGEMENT IN YOUNG FORESTS

Dept. of Forest Science Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331 541•737•4286 Pacific NW Research Station 3200 S.W. Jefferson Way Corvallis, OR 97331 541•737•4286 Willamette National Forest Blue River Ranger District Blue River,OR 97413 541•822•3317 CONTENTS: The last decade . 2 New knowledge . 3 The Young Stand Thinning and Diversity Study . 7 The path ahead. 14 Other current studies and efforts . 20 Literature cited . 24 Want to know more? 27 Acknowledgements . 28 MANAGEMENT IN YOUNG FORESTS
CMAR_A_245794 2315..2325

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the short-term clinical and oncological outcome of prolonging operation interval to 11 weeks after the end of radiotherapy for locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer. Methods: A total of 123 patients with stage II/III (cT3/T4 or N+) low and middle rectal cancer who had undergone operation after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were selected. According to the interval time between the last radiotherapy and operation, they were assigned to a short-interval group (SG, <11 weeks, n=66) and long-interval group (LG, ≥11 weeks, n=57). The relations among interval time and short-term clinical outcome and oncological outcome were analyzed. Results: The analysis found that basic information, clinical characteristics, and preoperative treatment between the two groups had no significant difference. There were no differences in operation time, estimated intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications. The rate of sphincter preservation in the low and middle rectum was 66.7% in the short-interval group and 59.7% in the long-interval group (P=0.42). The incidence of anastomotic leak in the long-interval group was higher than that in the short-interval group (P=0.08). There was no significant difference in the recovery time of intestinal function and median duration of hospitalization between the two groups. The pathological complete remission rate was 17.07%. Multivariate analysis showed interval time had no influence on pathological complete remission. There was no significant difference in 3-year overall survival and 3-year disease-free survival between the two groups. The risk of recurrence and metastasis in patients with positive lymph nodes was higher than those with negative lymph nodes (P<0.05), HR=4.812 (95% CI 2.4–9.648). Conclusion: Prolonging the interval time of operation to 11 weeks after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for middle and low rectal cancer does not improve the pathologic complete remission, morbidity, and mortality. There was no significant effect on oncologic outcome after prolonging the operation interval. Therefore, it is safe to prolong the interval of operation to 11 weeks.
OPTH_A_237457 455..462

Mitchell A Jackson 1 Anna M Edmiston Raman Bedi 1Jacksoneye, Lake Villa, IL, USA; 2IrisARC, Chandigarh, India Purpose: To determine the refractive target of extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses in dominant and non-dominant eyes which provides the best binocular vision at all ranges after cataract surgery. Patients and Methods: This retrospective, single-center, non-comparative study included 47 patients who had undergone bilateral cataract surgery with implantation of EDOF IOLs (Tecnis Symfony or Tecnis Symfony Toric) targeting emmetropia in both eyes. Binocular uncorrected visual acuity at distance (UDVA), near (UNVA), intermediate (UIVA), and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) were recorded between 1 and 3 months after the second-eye cataract surgery. Scattergrams for combined binocular UDVA, UIVA, UNVA and postoperative MRSE were plotted and the points of minima of the quadratic regression curve for the dominant and non-dominant eyes were considered as the optimum MRSE corresponding to the best overall visual acuity. Subgroup analysis of patients who achieved UDVA and UIVA ≥20/20 and UNVA ≥20/30 was also performed. Results: For the overall group, the optimumMRSE was −0.08 D for dominant and −0.63 D for non-dominant eyes. In a subset of 17 patients who achieved excellent acuity at all distances, the mean MRSE for the dominant and non-dominant eyes was −0.07 ± 0.14 D and −0.21 ± 0.24 D, respectively. Conclusion: Excellent visual acuity at all ranges can be achieved with bilateral EDOF intraocular lenses implanted after cataract surgery. Our results indicate the best results when the dominant eye is targeted at emmetropia and the nondominant eye is targeted between −0.21D and −0.63D, with excellent results shown with mild myopia of −0.21 in the non-dominant eyes. Future studies with larger sample sizes and subjective patient-reported outcomes may validate current study outcomes.
A Computerized DRBEM Model for Shape Design Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Multilayered FGA Structures

Aims: The main purpose of this paper is to present a boundary integral equation modeling to obtain the solution for the problems of magneto-thermoelastic functionally graded anisotropic (FGA) structures in the context of the Green and Naghdi theory of type III. y design: Mention the design of the study here. Place and Duration of Study: Jamoum laboratory, June 2017 Methodology: a new practical shape optimization technique based on a predictor-corrector implicitimplicit staggered algorithm, which was implemented for use with the time-stepping dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) to obtain the final coupled linear system of equations for temperature and displacements that describe the magneto-thermoelastic structural analysis problem of functionally graded anisotropic (FGA) structures in the context of the Green and Naghdi theory of type III. Results: A numerical results demonstrate validity, accuracy, and efficiency of the presented technique. Conclusion: Our results thus confirm that our technique is efficient and precise. It is noted that the obtained DRBEM results are more accurate than the FEM results, the DRBEM is more efficient and easy to use than FEM because it only needs the boundary of the domain needs to be discretized. The results of DRBEM at any point are more precise, because DRBEM's integration operation is smoother than FEM's differentiation operation. Also from this knowledge of the variation of the displacements and temperature sensitivities with time for multilayered FGA structures, we can design various structures to meet specific engineering requirements and utilize within which to place new information can be more effective.
OPTH_A_234294 1261..1267

Department of Ophthalmology, Ozel Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Yeni Yuzyil University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey Background: Inter-ocular symmetry of macular vascular anatomy in healthy subjects has been well documented in previous optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) studies. In our present study, we have demonstrated that the presence of anisometropic amblyopia in one eye does not alter this unique feature significantly. We investigated whether the presence of unilateral anisometropic amblyopia due to moderate amounts of hyperopia and/or astigmatism would have any significant influence on measurements of retinal thickness (RT) and superficial vessel density (SVD) in adult subjects. Subjects and methods: In the study group, both eyes of 21 adult subjects with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia were enrolled. Only one eye of an age-matched control group including 33 subjects was randomly selected. RT and SVD were measured in foveal and parafoveal retinal areas and compared in amblyopic eyes, their fellow eyes and in the control group. Inter-ocular symmetry of RT and SVD in amblyopic and fellow eyes were investigated by using correlation analysis. Results: There were statistically significant inter-ocular correlations of foveal and parafoveal RT in amblyopic and fellow eyes (P < 0.0001, for both). Foveal and parafoveal RT of the control group were not statistically different from amblyopic eyes (P = 0.072 and P = 0.46, respectively). There was no difference between foveal SVD of amblyopic eyes and control group (P = 0.10) and a significant inter-ocular correlation was found between amblyopic and fellow eyes (P = 0.029). Conclusion: For our adult subjects, none of the investigated OCTA parameters of the amblyopic eyes were found to be statistically different from those of age-matched controls. The preservation of inter-ocular symmetry in the amblyopic and fellow eyes implies that the influence of anisometropic amblyopia in one eye would be relatively small and negligible on routine OCTA examination.