Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FIELD: A Software Tool That Integrates Harvester Data and Allometric Equations for a Dynamic Estimation of Forest Harvesting Residues

On an international comparison basis, Australia’s utilisation of forest residues remains very low. While there are numerous factors contributing to this low utilisation, this is greatly explained by the limited timely and accurate data on availability, quality, and location of residues generated during harvesting operations. This manuscript reports on the development and testing of a new freeware tool called FIELD (Forest Inventory Electronic Live Data), which supports the real-time monitoring and estimation of forestry harvesting residues. As inputs, FIELD uses StanForD pri files and geo-location data extracted from the harvester’s onboard computer in combination with locally developed species-specific allometric equations. Using a case study, this paper describes how FIELD works operationally and illustrates the range of support features that the tool can provide to decision-makers by producing real-time data on the availability, quality, and location of harvesting residues. In addition, it is discussed how the tool can contribute to supporting decisions during forest operations associated with the feasibility of residue utilisation in specific site conditions. Our results show that it is possible to estimate the availability of harvesting residues at geo-located sites dynamically, although further testing of the tool is required for a more accurate estimation and monitoring of harvesting residues.
Estimating Consumer Substitution between New and Used Passenger Vehicles

Recent literature has shown the importance of modeling consumer demand for assessing the effects of new passenger vehicle fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions standards. A relevant feature of demand for making this assessment is how vehicle buyers substitute between new vehicles and other options, such as a used vehicle. In this paper, I estimate this substitution using market-level and second choice data. I estimate a long-run market-price elasticity of demand for new vehicles equal to −0.34. I then explore the implications of this elasticity for assessing the welfare effects of 2021–26 SAFE Vehicles Rule. The simulation results show that applying the estimated elasticity significantly reduces the net benefits of the rule.
Awareness, Behavior, and Practices of Nurses related to Nursing Ethics, in tertiary care Hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan

Purpose: The objective is to determine nurse’s knowledge about Nursing Ethics and association with behavior and practice of these nurses. Methodology: Cross-sectional Study Design. This study is conducted in different hospital settings of Lahore. a total of 150 nurses are selected by convenient sampling technique. They are taken informed consent and the data was collected including demographics and the nursing ethics. Data was analysed on SPSS version 24.0 Results: Most of the nurses working in different hospital are females and in our participants, 76% are females while 24% are males. Mostly belongs to age group of 20-30 years. Nearly 87% of the participants are single, i.e. hasn’t married yet. The more qualified nurse, more the KAP of nursing ethics in hospitals Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study results show that the nurses need to gain better insight into the legal aspects of their profession and to enhance their level of respect, particularly for nurses of lower age, with a history of employment and contractual strength.
Factors Affecting Transport Sector CO2 Emissions in Eastern European Countries: An LMDI Decomposition Analysis

In this paper, we use the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) to apply decomposition analysis on Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions from transport systems in seven Eastern European countries over the period between 2005 and 2015. The results show that “economic activity” is the main factor responsible for CO2 emissions in all the countries in our sample. The second factor causing increase in CO2 emissions is the “fuel mix” by type and mode of transport. Modal share and energy intensity affect the growth of CO2 emissions but in a less significant way. Finally, only the “population” and “emission coefficient” variables slowed the growth of these emissions in all the countries, except for Slovenia, where the population variable was found to be responsible for the increase in CO2 emissions. These results not only contribute to advancing the existing literature but also provide important policy recommendations.
Breast arterial calcifications as an indicator of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: comparative analysis of coronary computed tomography scoring systems and carotid intima-media thickness.

Background Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is easily detected and commonly observed on screening mammography. That is more frequent among people with diabetes, and these people are at risk of coronary artery disease. The incidence of BAC increases with advancing age. We aimed to determine whether BAC detected by mammography is associated with the development of coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic women. It can help reduce morbidity and mortality secondary to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Methods We included one hundred and eighty women over the age of 40 who underwent mammography screening in this multi-modality study. Mammography evaluated the presence of calcifications, the number of involved arteries, and the distribution. We questioned the patients about cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes. The coronary artery disease severity was assessed according to both Agatston and calcium scores on coronary computed tomography (CT). Besides, the relationship between these scores and correlation with carotid artery intima-media thickness was investigated. We stated mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and reported frequency distributions and percentages. SPSS software version 25.0 was used to perform the analysis. Results Overall, 302 of 3,600 cases were positive for BAC. However, 120 of them could be included in the study by the eligibility criteria of our research. In univariate analysis, age, hyperlipidemia, DM, HT, and smoking history were risk factors that significantly affected BAC development. The impact of age and diabetes were maintained in the logistic regression analysis (P<0.005), while the significant effect of the other variables was vanished (P>0.02). Furthermore, moderate and high BAC scores were correlated with higher coronary atherosclerosis scores. Conclusions BAC may predict an additional risk factor for coronary artery disease, particularly in patients having higher scores. That may be an accurate indicator for subsequent development of coronary arterial calcifications so that it may be possible to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with coronary atherosclerosis.
FINANCIAL RATIOS AND FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN RETAIL TRADE SECTOR COMPANIES

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine and explain the effect of the current ratio, return on asset, debt to asset ratio, and total assets turnover to financial distress in the retail trade sub sector for the 2015-2018 period both partially and simultaneously. The research population is all retail trade sector companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Sample was selected using the purposive sampling method. The method of data analysis in the form of a quantitative analysis using multiple regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that partially the CR does not affect financial distress while the return on assets, debt to assets ratio and total assets turnover in partial effect on financial distress. Simultaneously, the CR, ROA, DAR and TATO affect the financial distress. This can be a concern for companies to pay more attention to these four elements so that companies avoid financial distress conditions as well as for investors who want to invest. Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menjelaskan pengaruh current ratio, return on assets, debt to asset ratio, dan total assets turnover terhadap financial distress pada subsektor perdagangan eceran periode 2015-2018 baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan sektor perdagangan eceran yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis data berupa analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa secara parsial CR tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress sedangkan return on assets, debt to assets ratio dan total assets turnover secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Secara simultan CR, ROA, DAR dan TATO berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Hal ini dapat menjadi perhatian bagi perusahaan untuk lebih memperhatikan keempat unsur tersebut agar perusahaan terhindar dari kondisi financial distress serta bagi investor yang ingin berinvestasi.
Community-level physiological profiles of microorganisms inhabiting soil contaminated with heavy metals

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the differences in the bacterial community physiological profiles in soils contaminated with heavy metals versus soils without metal contaminations. The study’s contaminated soil originated from the surrounding area of the Szopienice non-ferrous metal smelter (Silesia Region, Poland). The control was soil unexposed to heavy metals. Metal concentration was appraised by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, whereas the the community-level physiological profile was determined with the Biolog EcoPlatesTM system. The soil microbiological activity in both sites was also assessed via dehydrogenase activity. The mean concentrations of metals (Cd and Zn) in contaminated soil samples were in a range from 147.27 to 12265.42 mg kg−1, and the heavy metal contamination brought about a situation where dehydrogenase activity inhibition was observed mostly in the soil surface layers. Our results demonstrated that there is diversity in the physiological profiles of microorganisms inhabiting contaminated and colntrol soils; therefore, for assessment purposes, these were treated as two clusters. Cluster I included colntrol soil samples in which microbial communities utilised most of the available substrates. Cluster II incorporated contaminated soil samples in which a smaller number of the tested substrates was utilised by the contained microorganisms. The physiological profiles of micro-organisms inhabiting the contaminated and the colntrol soils are distinctly different.
Our Board, Our Rules: Nonconformity to Global Corporate Governance Norms

What drives organizational nonconformity to global corporate governance norms? Despite the prevalence of such norms and attendant conformity pressures, many firms do not adhere to them. We build on a political view of corporate governance to explore how different national institutional contexts and organizational conditions combine to produce over- and underconformity to global board independence norms. Using configurational analyses and data from banks in OECD countries, we identify multiple equifinal combinations of conditions associated with over- and underconformity. We also find that over- and underconformity have different drivers. We conjecture that while overconformity is associated with a shareholder–management coalition in liberal market economies, underconformity results from multiple complex combinations of national and organizational conditions that often include dominant blockholders, strong labor rights, and small organizational size. We leverage these findings to abduct theoretical insights on nonconformity to global corporate governance norms. Doing so sheds light on the role of power in conditioning the adoption of global practices and contributes to research on international corporate governance by informing discourse surrounding the globalization of markets.
Functional assessments and histopathology of hepatorenal tissues of rats treated with raw and processed herbs

The present study ascertained the functional integrity of hepatic and renal tissues, concurrently with blood lipid patterns, of Wistar rats infused with CCl 4 and treated with raw and hydrothermal processed herbs, namely, Monodora myristica , Chromolaena odorata , Buccholzia coriacea and Sphenostylis stenocarpa . Measurement of phytochemical contents of the herbs was according to standard methods. The rats were randomly designated on the bases of diets and treatments received for 28 consecutive days. Fibrosis was induced in the Wistar rats by single dose intra-peritoneal injection of CCl 4 for 2 consecutive days. Liver and kidney function tests and serum lipid profile were measured using spectrophotometric methods. Renal and hepatic tissues were subjected to histopathological examinations. The concentrations of alkaloids in the four herbal extracts were within the range of 4.83±0.03 - 31.33±0.29 mg/100 g sample, whereas the concentrations of saponins varied within a relatively narrow range: 0.33±0.09 - 4.33±0.02 mg/100 g dry sample; p > 0.05. The activity ratios of AST to ALT of the rat groups were generally less than 1.0 unit. Atherogenic indices of fibrotic rats were within the following ranges: TAG/HDL-C ratio (3.59±0.03 - 6.76±0.06), TC/HDL-C ratio (3.72±0.02 - 6.94±0.05) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (2.00±0.01 - 4.59±0.02). Losses in phytochemical contents following hydrothermal processing of the herbs did not substantially affect their overall therapeutic scores against morphological and functional impairments of hepatic and renal tissues following CCl 4 intoxication of the rats.
Stability and compressibility of a new iron‐nitride β‐Fe7N3 to core pressures

We have examined the phase relations in the iron‐rich portion of the Fe‐N binary system up to 150 GPa and 2720 K in a laser‐heated diamond anvil cell. Synchrotron X‐ray diffraction measurements revealed the formation of a new phase (β‐Fe7N3) above 41 GPa and ~1000 K. The β phase is structurally identical or very close to Fe7C3 and the most iron‐rich Fe‐N intermediate compound at its stability field. We also measured the volume of β‐Fe7N3 to 132 GPa and found its elastic property very similar to that of Fe7C3. Recently, it has been proposed that the density and sound velocities, in particular, shear wave velocity, in the Earth's inner core are reconciled with Fe7C3, but such properties could be explained by β‐Fe7N3 equally well. It is therefore possible that the inner core consists of Fe7(C,N)3, which is found as diamond inclusions and likely stable under inner core conditions.
Towards Food Justice the Global-Economic Material Balance Analysis of Hunger, Food Security and Waste

Sustainable development has become a central and key goal for humanity (1 UN: Millenium Development Goals, 2 SDGs). There is no scientific or political consensus, however, about the root cause of unsustainability, so an effective cure is impossible. Nevertheless, unlimited inequality among nations and individuals, extreme poverty, and hunger are always among the most significant problems. It is also often claimed that the world’s current food production would be sufficient to feed all 7.7 billion people on Earth (see Appendix A 1) with a better (more even, ‘just’) distribution. Others use food hunger and poverty data to support claims for increased food production and agricultural output. In this paper we examine the first claim with real data, but from a theoretical perspective: is it true, theoretically, that if all of the produced and wasted food were made available to feed the extremely poor and hungry, we could reach zero hunger-related deaths? We will use food waste, hunger-related (+thirst) death, obesity, and calorie consumption data from the “happy” and “unhappy” parts of the Earth. The cause of food waste is dissonant in different economic systems, so its macro- and microeconomic approach is also completely different in different countries. The relationship between obesity, hunger, and food waste has not yet been explored in a structured framework; data are available but scattered. In this paper we propose a unified framework of comparable data as a first step in mapping the biggest missing, or at least wobbling circle of modern bio-economy: global food supply. Thinking globally is a first step toward progress development in food justice and a solution to UN sustainable development goals (SDG 2, 1, 3, and 10).
Work, Unemployment and Mental Health

Introduction Work or, more broadly, activity has been of interest to medical practitioners over the centuries. Activity or exercise, rest, relaxation and leisure have been seen as health promoting and a core part of medical practice, from the Graeco-Roman tradition, Ayurveda and Chinese medicine to modern times. The place of work as physical labour in medical regimes is a more recent development, emerging towards the end of the eighteenth century and playing a significant role in the daily lives of inmates of the large asylums. For psychiatric practice and the study of mental health/ill health in the twentieth century, the focus has been on the role of work in rehabilitation and the health risks associated with unemployment and the conditions of employment. In this chapter, we focus on these two areas.
A revisit to the role of gender, age, subjective and objective knowledge in consumers’ attitudes towards organic food

ABSTRACT We identified the major determinants of consumers’ attitudes towards organic food, including subjective and objective knowledge, sources of information and socio-demographic profiles of consumers in Lebanon. We used quantitative analysis for data collected from 371 questionnaires in the city of Beirut. The results indicate that consumers have, in general, low confidence in their knowledge of organic food, despite being well informed about it. Whilst objective knowledge has a significant positive effect on consumers’ attitudes towards organic food, subjective knowledge has a negative effect. Women are more aware than men about organic food and younger consumers tend to have higher objective knowledge than mature ones. As subjective and objective knowledge and the resulting attitudes of consumers are influenced by sources of information, marketing campaigns and strategies need to emphasize the fact that the attributes of organic food are distinguished from those of conventional foods, using credible information channels. While subjective and objective knowledge of organic food have not been studied previously in our target region, we believe that unlike most previous research which studied the role of knowledge in organic food acceptance and consumption, our study aims to assess and explore this relationship using two different variables (subjective and objective knowledge).
Mechanistic modeling of reaction kinetics and dynamic changes in catalyst morphology on a mesoscopic scale

This thesis focuses on the microkinetics of methanol synthesis over ternary Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts including catalyst morphology changes, especially due to changes in the Cu/ZnO interface. This further includes a closer analysis of adsorbate-substrate and adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. A surface-science based microkinetic model and two global kinetic models are used to describe the kinetics of methanol synthesis. The microkinetic model gives an approximation of structure sensitivity and gas-phase induced dynamic changes of the catalyst. Irreversible morphology changes are further incorporated into the microkinetic model to enhance the model experiment conformability during catalyst deactivation. Modeling elementary step kinetics close to working conditions gives an estimation for the extent of catalyst restructuring, which was up to now only quantified for model catalysts.
Breaking the Vicious Circle of Escalating Control: Connecting Politicians and Public Employees through Stewardship

Politicians applying general rules as a reaction to local failures has contributed to mushrooming control in the public sector, which has in turn spurred higher transactional costs and motivation crowding among public employees. Drawing on a qualitative case study in a Danish municipality, this article explores the prospects and challenges for politicians of breaking the vicious circle of escalating control by adopting stewardship ideals into their leadership of the public employees. The results show that stewardship offers new opportunities for politicians, enabling better diagnosis of control problems, more robust control solutions, as well as a pronounced mobilization of employee support for those solutions. However, political competition, political discontinuity after elections, scandals in the press, resistance in the administration, and more diffuse decision-making processes pose potential challenges for politicians striving to tackle the problem of escalating control through stewardship.
Ravines as conservation strongholds for small wildcats under pressure from free-ranging dogs and cats in Mediterranean landscapes of Chile

ABSTRACT The Chilean Mediterranean ecosystem is threatened by anthropogenic pressures, such as habitat loss by intensive agriculture and urban sprawl. Abandoned dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and cats (Felis silvestris catus) pose conservation challenges for Chilean wildlife including the pampas cat (Leopardus colocolo) and the güiña (Leopardus guigna). We used camera trap data to investigate influences of natural and anthropogenic landscape features on spatiotemporal trends of these species. We also used co-occurrence modeling and kernel density estimation to investigate spatial and temporal patterns overlap of wildcats, free-ranging (FR) dogs, and FR-cats. FR-dogs showed the highest detection and site use probabilities, while güiñas had the lowest across 80 camera trap sites. Top models showed no spatial avoidance between species and co-occurrence of wildcats was positively influenced by forest habitat. However, FR-dogs negatively affected detection of wildcats. Ravines surrounded by forest positively influenced güiña and pampas cat detection probabilities when dominant species were not present. FR-dogs and wildcats had significantly different temporal activity patterns and low overlap coefficients, while wildcats and FR-cats showed high overlap in activity patterns. We suggest changing current policies to control domestic animals and strategic planning in agricultural areas of central Chile to better conserve native wildcat species.
Influence of Marketing Mix on iPhone 6 Series Smartphone Purchase Decision

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the marketing mix on purchasing decisions for the iPhone 6 Series smartphone. The research sample of 205 people was selected by the convenience sampling method. Data collection used questionnaires and multiple regression analysis was used as an analysis technique. The results of the study prove that products and promotions have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Meanwhile, price and place have no effect on purchasing decisions. The results of this study have implications for products, places, prices, and promotions that need to be improved in order to improve purchasing decisions.