Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Quality Assessment of Yoghurt Prepared from Dairy Milk and Coconut (Cocos nucifera, L) Milk

Yoghurt was produced using dairy and coconut milk. Five variants of yoghurt namely plain dairy and coconut yoghurt (variant I), dairy and coconut yoghurt with natural grape pulp (variant II), dairy and coconut yoghurt with synthetic grape flavour (variant III), dairy and coconut yoghurt with natural pineapple pulp (variant IV) and dairy and coconut yoghurt with synthetic pineapple flavour (variant V) were prepared. Among these five variants dairy and coconut yoghurt with pineapple pulp (variant IV) had received the highest mean scores for all the sensory criteria, and was selected for the further study. Physicochemical properties and selected nutrient components were analysed for the pineapple flavoured yoghurt prepared with dairy milk and coconut milk. Yoghurt made with coconut milk had scored higher values for all the analysed nutrients (energy 142.49 ± 2.63, carbohydrate 9.55 ± 0.12, protein – 8.02 ± 0.005 and fat – 13.03 ± 0.05) than yoghurt made with dairy milk (energy 93.76±0.25, carbohydrate 4.46 ± 0.05 , protein – 7.26 ± 0.11 and fat – 9.82 ± 0.02). The results of current study demonstrated that the addition of fruits to the yogurt significantly improved the product acceptability and also yoghurt produced from coconut milk can be a match able substitute for normal yoghurt.
The genetic aspect and morphological appearance of achondrogenesis

Achondrogenesis (ACG) is a number of disorders that are the most severe form of congenital chondrodysplasia (malformation of bones and cartilage). These conditions are characterized by a small body, short limbs, and other skeletal abnormalities. As a result of their serious health problems, infants with ACG are usually born prematurely, are stillborn, or die shortly after birth from respiratory failure. Some infants, however, have lived for a while with intensive medical support.
Impact of a hurricane on the herpetofaunal assemblages of a successional chronosequence in a tropical dry forest

Land‐use change is the main cause of deforestation and degradation of tropical forest in Mexico. Frequently, these lands are abandoned leading to a mosaic of natural vegetation in secondary succession. Further degradation of the natural vegetation in these lands could be exacerbated by stochastic catastrophic events such as hurricanes. Information on the impact of human disturbance parallel to natural disturbance has not yet been evaluated for faunal assemblages in tropical dry forests. To evaluate the response of herpetofaunal assemblages to the interaction of human and natural disturbances, we used information of pre‐ and post‐hurricane herpetofaunal assemblages inhabiting different successional stages (pasture, early forest, young forest, intermediate forest, and old growth forest) of dry forest. Herpetofaunal assemblages were surveyed in all successional stages two years before and two years after the hurricane Jova that hit the Pacific Coast of Mexico on October 2011. We registered 4093 individuals of 61 species. Overall, there were only slight effects of successional stage, hurricane Jova or the interaction between them on abundance, observed species richness and diversity of the herpetofauna. However, we found marked changes in estimated richness and composition of frogs, lizards, and snakes among successional stages in response to hurricane Jova. Modifications in vegetation structure as result of hurricane pass promoted particular changes in each successional stage and taxonomic group (anurans, lizards, and snakes). Secondary forests at different stages of succession may attenuate the negative effects of an intense, short‐duration, and low‐frequency natural disturbance such as hurricane Jova on successional herpetofaunal trajectories and species turnover.
Estimation of combining ability analysis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for yield, nutritional and processing quality improvement

Combining ability for yield and nutritional quality traits in tomato were studied by involving 28 cross combi-nations obtained from crossing 8 diverse lines in diallel mating fashion. Based on GCA effects of parents, the varie-ties Pant T-3, Arka Alok and Sel-7 were good general combiners for most of the traits under study. The crosses viz., Pant T-3 x H-24 (1.052%), Arka Meghali x Punjab Chhuhara (0.768%) and H-88-78-1 x Azad T-5 (0.768%) were found to be high positive specific combining ability effect for yield per plant. For quality traits, the crosses Arka Me-ghali x Punjab Chhuhara and H-24 x Sel-7 were also superior specific combiner for number of seeds per fruit and ascorbic acid, while cross Punjab Chhuhara x H-88-78-1 was superior specific combiner for number of seeds per fruit (24.165%), yield per plant (0.677%) and titrable acidity (0.183%). These elite hybrids may be tested for yield and other quality traits under different agro-climatic conditions for commercial exploitation of hybrid vigour.
Parenting-Related Exhaustion During the Italian COVID-19 Lockdown

Abstract Objective Worldwide, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has generated significant worry, uncertainty, anxiety, sadness, and loneliness. In Italy, these effects have been particularly pronounced. While research on the COVID-19 outbreak has mainly focused on the clinical features of infected patients and the psychological impact on the general population and health professionals, no investigation has yet assessed the psychological impact of the pandemic on parents. In the present research, we conducted a web-based survey of Italian parents to examine the prevalence of parenting-related exhaustion—and to identify its associated risk and protective factors—4 weeks into the lockdown. Methods A total of 1,226 parents provided their consent to participate in the study and completed a demographic questionnaire, information relating to particular COVID-19 experiences, and measures of emotional exhaustion, parental resilience, social connections, and psychological distress during the lockdown. Results Seventeen percent of our sample experienced significant parenting-related exhaustion, with mothers more severely affected. Multiple regression analyses showed that greater parenting-related exhaustion was predicted by psychological distress, lower parental resilience, motherhood, fewer perceived social connections, and being single, as well as having a child with special needs, having a large number of children, and having younger children. Conclusion The findings add further support to the call for preventive programs to support parents throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health professionals and social workers should be warned of the effects of lockdown and social distancing on parenting and, consequently, the well-being of children.
Social interaction and gender as factors affecting the trajectories of children's engagement and hyperactive behaviour in preschool

Background and aims Social interactions in preschool and a child's gender are, in cross‐sectional studies, related to the child's overall levels of hyperactive behaviour and engagement in preschool activities. However, whether social interaction and gender can predict children's engagement and hyperactivity is not thoroughly investigated. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal influence of gender, child‐to‐child interaction, and teacher responsiveness on the association between trajectories of children's levels of core engagement and hyperactive behaviour. It was hypothesized that peer‐to‐child interaction and teacher responsiveness in preschool settings are related to positive change in engagement among children with hyperactive behaviour, especially for boys. Sample and methods Swedish preschool staff completed questionnaires assessing the variables of interest for children aged 1–5 (N = 203). Data were collected on three occasions over a two‐year period. Latent growth curve (LGC) models were used to explore whether teacher responsiveness, peer‐to‐child interaction, and gender predict trajectories of engagement and hyperactivity. Results The results revealed that high levels of hyperactivity were associated with lower levels of engagement on the first occasion. Positive peer‐to‐child interactions and responsive teachers were significant predictors of an increased level of engagement and decreased level of hyperactive behaviour, especially for boys. Conclusions The findings underscore the need to improve social interactions, especially peer‐to‐child interactions, to improve engagement in children with hyperactive behaviour, especially boys. Implications for practices and research are discussed.
Administering an appeasing substance to optimize performance and health responses in feedlot receiving cattle.

This experiment evaluated the impacts of administering a bovine appeasing substance (BAS) at feedlot entry to receiving cattle. Angus-influenced steers (n = 342) from 16 sources were purchased from an auction yard on d -1, and transported (12 h; 4 trucks) to the feedlot. Upon arrival on d 0, shrunk body weight (BW; 240 ± 1 kg) was recorded and steers were ranked by load, shrunk BW and source, and assigned to receive BAS (IRSEA Group, Quartier Salignan, France; n = 171) or placebo (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; CON; n = 171). The BAS is a mixture of fatty acids that replicate the composition of the bovine appeasing pheromone. Treatments (5 mL) were topically applied to each individual steer on their nuchal skin area. Steers were allocated to 1 of 24 drylot pens (12 pens/treatment) and received a free-choice diet until d 46. Steers were assessed daily for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) signs, and feed intake was recorded from each pen daily. Steer unshrunk BW was recorded on d 7, 17, 31, 45, and 46. Shrunk BW on d 0 was added an 8% shrink to represent initial BW, and final BW was calculated by averaging BW from d 45 and 46. Blood samples were collected from 5 steers/pen on d 0, 7, 11, 31, and 45. Pen was considered the experimental unit. Steer BW gain was greater (P = 0.04) in BAS vs. CON (1.01 vs. 0.86 kg/d, SEM = 0.05). Feed intake did not differ (P = 0.95) between treatments, resulting in greater (P = 0.05) feed efficiency in BAS vs. CON (171 vs. 142 g/kg, SEM = 10). Plasma cortisol concentration was greater (P = 0.05) and plasma glucose concentration was less in CON vs. BAS on d 7 (treatment × day; P = 0.07 and < 0.01, respectively). Mean plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration was greater (P < 0.01) in BAS vs. CON (3.23 and 2.75 mg/mL; SEM = 0.12). Incidence of BRD was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in BAS vs. CON from d 6 to 10 and d 19 to 23 (treatment × day; P < 0.01), although overall BRD incidence did not differ (P = 0.20) between treatments (82.4 vs. 76.6%, respectively; SEM = 3.2). A greater proportion (P = 0.04) of BAS steers diagnosed with BRD required one antimicrobial treatment to regain health compared with CON (59.3 vs. 47.6%, SEM = 4.2). Hence, BAS administration to steers upon feedlot arrival improved BW gain during a 45-d receiving period by enhancing feed efficiency. Moreover, results suggest that BAS improved steer performance by facilitating early detection of BRD signs, lessening the disease recurrence upon first antimicrobial treatment.
Urinary excretion of epidermal growth factor and rapid loss of kidney function.

BACKGROUND Lower urinary excretion of the kidney tubule-specific biomarker epidermal growth factor (uEGF) is associated with increased risk of renal function [glomerular filtration rate (GFR)] loss in diabetes and in patients with established chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether uEGF is associated with rapid GFR decline or incident CKD in the general population. METHODS Subjects without CKD or diabetes were recruited from the general population in Tromso, Norway [Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey (RENIS); N = 1249] and Groningen, the Netherlands [Prevention of REnal and Vascular END-stage disease (PREVEND); N = 4534], with a median follow-up of 5.6 and 7.4 years, respectively. GFR was measured by iohexol clearance in the RENIS and estimated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine-cystatin C equation in the PREVEND study. Rapid GFR decline was defined as an annual GFR loss >3.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 and in sensitivity analyses as subjects with the 10% steepest GFR slope within each cohort. RESULTS Lower baseline uEGF excretion was associated with rapid GFR loss in both cohorts {RENIS, odds ratio [OR] per 1 μg/mmol lower uEGF 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.91], P = 0.02; PREVEND, OR 1.29 [95% CI 1.10-1.53], P < 0.01}, adjusted for baseline GFR, albumin:creatinine ratio and conventional CKD risk factors. Similar results were obtained using the outcome of the 10% steepest GFR slope in each cohort. Lower uEGF levels were associated with incident CKD in the combined analysis of both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Lower uEGF levels are associated with increased risk of rapid GFR loss and incident CKD in the general population. This finding, together with previous findings in CKD and high-risk populations, supports that uEGF may serve as a broadly applicable biomarker representing the tubular component of the current glomerulus-centric clinical risk assessment system.
Abatacept in interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis: national multicenter study of 263 patients.

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of abatacept (ABA) in RA patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) (RA-ILD). METHODS This was an observational, multicentre study of RA-ILD patients treated with at least one dose of ABA. ILD was diagnosed by high-resolution CT (HRCT). We analysed the following variables at baseline (ABA initiation), 12 months and at the end of the follow-up: Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) scale (1-point change), forced vital capacity (FVC) or diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (improvement or worsening ≥10%), HRCT, DAS on 28 joints evaluated using the ESR (DAS28ESR) and CS-sparing effect. RESULTS We studied 263 RA-ILD patients [150 women/113 men; mean (s.d.) age 64.6 (10) years]. At baseline, they had a median duration of ILD of 1 (interquartile range 0.25-3.44) years, moderate or severe degree of dyspnoea (MMRC grade 2, 3 or 4) (40.3%), FVC (% of the predicted) mean (s.d.) 85.9 (21.8)%, DLCO (% of the predicted) 65.7 (18.3) and DAS28ESR 4.5 (1.5). The ILD patterns were: usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) (40.3%), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) (31.9%) and others (27.8%). ABA was prescribed at standard dose, i.v. (25.5%) or s.c. (74.5%). After a median follow-up of 12 (6-36) months the following variables did not show worsening: dyspnoea (MMRC) (91.9%); FVC (87.7%); DLCO (90.6%); and chest HRCT (76.6%). A significant improvement of DAS28ESR from 4.5 (1.5) to 3.1 (1.3) at the end of follow-up (P < 0.001) and a CS-sparing effect from a median 7.5 (5-10) to 5 (2.5-7.5) mg/day at the end of follow-up (P < 0.001) was also observed. ABA was withdrawn in 62 (23.6%) patients due to adverse events (n = 30), articular inefficacy (n = 27), ILD worsening (n = 3) and other causes (n = 2). CONCLUSION ABA may be an effective and safe treatment for patients with RA-ILD.
A Study on diversity and abundance of coleopterans in Gujarat, India

The present survey gives the current information on Coleoptera diversity of Gujarat. This is the first comprehensive account on Coleoptera species diversity. Different locations were selected for the collection of coleopteran insects in whole of Gujarat, covering all the districts. Altogether, 177 species belonging to 117 genera under 32 families in the order Coleoptera are reported from the state of Gujarat. This study indicated that the diversity index, species richness and evenness of Coleoptera fauna in Gujarat were 1.44, 47.1and 0.63 respectively. This study is part of mission which was initiated under the research project sanctioned by Gujarat Biodiversity Board, Gandhinagar.
Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the cause of COVID-19, was first reported in Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 especially involves alveolar epithelial cells, which results in respiratory symptoms more severe in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) probably linked with increased secretion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in these patients compared with healthy individuals. Cardiac manifestations may contribute to overall mortality and even be the primary cause of death in many of these patients. A higher prevalence of hypertension (HTN) followed by diabetes mellitus and CVD was observed in COVID-19 patients. A higher case-fatality rate was seen among patients with pre-existing comorbid conditions, such as diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, HTN, and cancer, compared to a lesser rate in the entire population. Cardiovascular (CV) manifestations of COVID-19 encompass a wide spectrum, including myocardial injury, infarction, myocarditis-simulating ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, nonischemic cardiomyopathy, coronary vasospasm, pericarditis, or stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy. This review is intended to summarize our current understanding of the CV manifestations of COVID-19 and also to study the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and CVDs and discuss possible mechanisms of action behind SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced damage to the CV system.
Mechanical production of pellets for the application of entomopathogenic nematodes: effect of pre-acclimation of Steinernema glaseri on its survival time and infectivity against Phyllophaga vetula

ABSTRACT The low survival time and diminished infectivity by entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) from granular formulations limit their efficiency against agricultural insect pests. This study determined the benefit of pre-acclimating infective juveniles (IJs) of Steinernema glaseri (NJ-43 strain) on extending their mean survival time (STm) in diatomaceous earth (DE) pellets and increasing their infectivity against Phyllophaga vetula. The IJs were reared in Galleria mellonella larvae placed in Petri dishes containing plaster of Paris (PP) or modified White traps (WTs). Pelletisation was performed in a machine operating on the principle of laminar flow using DE Celite® 209. Pellets were stored at room temperature (23 ± 3°C) and high relative humidity (96–100%). IJs harvested from WTs between the 3rd and the 5th days after the onset of emergence were more infective on P. vetula and pre-acclimation of S. glaseri in PP increased significantly its STm in the pellets; from 23.1 to 34.5 days, compared with non-pre-acclimatised IJs from WTs. However, juveniles with or without pre-acclimation formulated in DE pellets failed to achieve significant control of P. vetula. These results are discussed in light of the relationship between EPN survival and host infection by EPNs with possible effects of the formulation in DE pellets.
Ultrasound-Guided Caudal Epidural Anesthesia in Adults for Anorectal Procedures

Introduction: Caudal epidural is a commonly performed regional anesthetic technique in children. In adults, the high-failure rates associated with landmark-based techniques deter its widespread use. Fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural steroid injections are widely used as a treatment modality in chronic back pain. Ultrasound (US) guidance has been shown to be equally effective as fluoroscopic-guided caudal injections. We aimed to assess the feasibility of US guided caudal epidurals as a sole anesthesia technique in adult patients undergoing minor anorectal procedures. Subjects and Methods: Fifty consecutive adult patients undergoing elective minor anorectal procedures were recruited for this study. Eligible patients received US-guided caudal epidural and success rates, surgical patient and surgeon's comfort were assessed using validated tools. Any adverse events were also observed. Results: The block was successful in all patients. One patient had pain in the perianal region requiring skin infiltration. All patients were either highly satisfied or satisfied of the procedure. Surgeons rated the surgical conditions as highly satisfied (90%), satisfied (8%), or unsatisfied (2%). Two patients rated the caudal injections were of moderate pain, rest all rated it as mildly painful. One patient experienced a single episode of urinary incontinence. Conclusion: US-guided caudal epidural can be considered as an option for anorectal procedures of short duration with acceptable success rates, surgical conditions, and patient comfort.
A marker assisted genetic evaluation system for dairy cattle using a random QTL model

A random QTL model is presented for the genetic evaluation of production traits in dairy cattle. The model includes a fixed major gene effect, multiple independent random QTL effects and a polygenic effect. Yield deviations in first three lactations can be analysed jointly in the multi-trait QTL model, which corresponds to the multiple lactation random regression test day model for routine genetic evaluation of production traits in Germany. Daughter yield deviations of bulls and yield deviations of cows are used in the marker assisted genetic evaluation together with their associated effective daughter contribution. It is shown in this paper how left-hand-sides and right-hand-sides of the mixed model equations of the QTL model are set up. Additive genetic variances of QTL on chromosome 6 are estimated using AI-REML algorithm. A validation study is conducted to investigate the predictive ability of the QTL model by removing data of the last five and half years. Variance estimates of the QTL range from 4% to 14% of polygenic variances for first three lactation yield traits. The validation study demonstrates the efficiency of the marker assisted selection programme. Further improvements of the system are discussed.
Bcl-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters

Background: Bcl-2 gene is a 26-kD protein that blocks apoptosis and inhibits programmed cell death. Its mutation is frequently detected genetic alteration, in human cancers. Its expression can easily be detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Objective: The objective was to estimate the frequency of Bcl-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathologic parameters. Materials and Methods: The overexpression of Bcl-2 was studied in 112 paraffin-preserved colorectal carcinoma samples using E-17 clone antibody; Biogenex. The number of cells stained was scored semiquantitatively as none (no immunoreactive cells detectable), weak (1+, <5%), moderate (2++, 5%–50%), and intense (3+++, >50%). All tumors showing Bcl-2 immunoreactivity (at least +) were considered positive. The correlation between Bcl-2 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated using Chi-square analysis. Results: Bcl-2 staining was positive in 45 of 112 cases. Of these, 15 cases were weak positive (score 1), 17 cases were moderately positive (score 2), and 13 cases were intensely positive (score 3) for Bcl-2 protein expression. Sixty-seven cases were negative for Bcl-2 staining (score 0). There was statistically significant correlation between Bcl-2 staining and sex (49% of females expressed Bcl-2 in tumors; P = −0.04), pathological type (mucinous vs. nonmucinous; P = −0.02), and tumor stage (P = −0.04). There was no significant correlation between Bcl-2 staining and age (P = −0.38), site of tumor (left colon vs. right colon; P = −0.13), pathological differentiation (P = −0.73), and between Bcl-2 scoring and tumor differentiation (P = −0.91). Conclusion: Bcl-2 protein seems to play an important role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. Considering the acceptable reliability and feasibility of IHC method for the detection of Bcl-2 immunoreactivity, this technique may be expected to serve as an important diagnostic and prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma.