Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
KAT2-mediated acetylation switches the mode of PALB2 chromatin association to safeguard genome integrity

The tumour suppressor PALB2 stimulates RAD51-mediated homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA damage, whilst its steady-state association with active genes protects these loci from replication stress. Here, we report that the lysine acetyltransferases 2A and 2B (KAT2A/2B, also called GCN5/PCAF), two well-known transcriptional regulators, acetylate a cluster of seven lysine residues (7K-patch) within the PALB2 chromatin association motif (ChAM) and, in this way, regulate context-dependent PALB2 binding to chromatin. In unperturbed cells, the 7K-patch is targeted for KAT2A/2B-mediated acetylation, which in turn enhances the direct association of PALB2 with nucleosomes. Importantly, DNA damage triggers a rapid deacetylation of ChAM and increases the overall mobility of PALB2. Distinct missense mutations of the 7K-patch render the mode of PALB2 chromatin binding, making it either unstably chromatin-bound (7Q) or randomly bound with a reduced capacity for mobilisation (7R). Significantly, both of these mutations confer a deficiency in RAD51 foci formation and increase DNA damage in S phase, leading to the reduction of overall cell survival. Thus, our study reveals that acetylation of the ChAM 7K-patch acts as a molecular switch to enable dynamic PALB2 shuttling for HR repair while protecting active genes during DNA replication.
Effect of the rate of nitrogen and zinc on the zinc and copper accumulation in grain of spring triticale cultivar Kargo

Modest stand requirements, high yielding potential and high nutritive value have made triticale an alternative crop to other cereals in Poland. The grain of that cereal is mostly used for making animal feed, although it can also be processed by the food industry. Triticale yields and the quality of grain are largely determined by agro-technical factors, including mineral fertilisation. Over the recent years, more attention has been attracted to the favourable effect of cereal fertilisation with microelements, especially more intensive nitrogen nutrition. In 2005–2007, a two-factor field experiment in a split-plot design was set up at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Minikowo, which belongs to the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen rates and foliar zinc application on the content of zinc and copper in grain of cv. Kargo spring triticale. The plots, 20 m2 each, were treated with two nitrogen fertilisation rates (factor I, n=2): 80 kg N ha–1 (N 80 ) and 120 kg N ha–1 (N 120 ) and three zinc fertilisation rates (factor II, n=3): Zn 0 (without zinc), Zn 1 (0.1 kg ha –1 ) and Zn2 (0.3 kg ha –1 ) against fixed, pre-sowing phosphorus and potassium fertilisation. It was found that the rate of 120 kg N ha –1 resulted in a significant increase in the zinc content and a decrease in the copper concentration in grain of the cultivar Kargo spring triticale, as compared with the treatment which received 80 kg N ha–1. Foliar zinc application, in all the rates applied, resulted in a significant increase in the zinc content and a decrease in the copper concentration in spring triticale grain.
Trust Role in Acceptance of Digital Banking in Indonesia

—The technology advance creates digital banking as a new technology in banking industry. All banking activities can be solved by one application in smartphone, they do not even provide an offline branch. Many Indonesian customers still use the conventional bank instead of digital banking since it is a new product and technology in bank industry. This paper aims to elaborate the influence of trust in customer acceptance of digital banking technology in Indonesia. The researchers applied quantitative survey with distributed the questionnaires to 500 respondents in conducted the research. The outcome indicates that hedonic motivational factors, habits, and trust have significant results on behavioral intentions to use, meanwhile trust has influence to performance expectancy, effort expectancy and facilitating condition.
Hydrogen purification from refinery fuel gas by pressure swing adsorption

Hydrogen purification and recovery from various process streams constitutes the largest commercial use of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology. This study investigates the performance of a six-bed, dual-sorbent PSA operation for hydrogen purification from the refinery fuel gas. Major impurities are methane, ethane, propane and butane, and comprise 30–40% of the feed. The dual-sorbent PSA bed consists of an initial layer of silica gel adsorbent for trapping heavier hydrocarbons and a subsequent layer of activated carbon for removing lighter hydrocarbons. A numerical simulation model of the H2-PSA process developed with all the essential features of the actual operation shows that butane is more strongly adsorbed on activated carbon than silica gel, and, hence, is less easily desorbed from the former using simple pressure reduction in the PSA cycle. Therefore, the initial layer serves to prevent butane from degrading the adsorptive capacity provided by activated carbon for other lighter hydrocarbons. The simulation model agrees well with the experimental results from a laboratory unit as well as with available H2 -PSA plant data from a refinery. The results also indicate the importance of heat effects in this process. Extensive parametric studies, which show effects of feed velocity and cycle time on the variation of product recovery and purity obtainable from the industrial unit, provide a valuable guide for its proper operation.
Heat‐induced Egg White Gels as Affected by pH

The functional properties of heat-induced egg white gels were investigated at five pH values. Textural characteristics were determined using the Instron Universal Machine. Hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness, chewiness, and fracturability were maximum at pH 11. Hunter L values were maximum at pH 5 and 7. Microstructure studied with electron microscopy was distinctly different at the five pH values. Alkaline gels showed a fine ordered network that might have contributed to excellent textural characteristics. Water-holding capacity (WHC) was high at alkaline pH, but decreased with addition of 2-mercaptoethanol, suggesting that disulfide bonds were important in egg white gels. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) improved WHC at pH 7 and 9. No significant correlation was observed between textural profiles and WHC.
Effect of Aromatherapy Massage on Postoperative Pain Among School Age Children

Background: Aromatherapy is one of the non-pharmacological methods, it is safe and effective for improving postoperative pain. Aim: This study was aimed to investigatethe effect of aromatherapy massage on postoperative pain among school age children. Design: A quasi- experimental research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at the pediatric surgical unit in Assiut University Children Hospital. Subjects: It included 100 school age children who are suffering from postoperative pain. They were divided into two groups the experimental group (50 children who received aromatherapy massage beside the hospital routine ward care) and the control group (50 children who received the hospital routine ward care). Tools: Two tools were used to collect necessary data which included structured interview questionnaire for personal data and pain assessment scale.Results: It was found that the mean pain score of children in the experimental group was less than mean pain score of those in the control group with statistical significant difference. As well as statistically significant differences were found between the two groups as regards first, second, third, and fourth posttest of pain score post-operative. Conclusion Aromatherapy massage with lavender oil was an effective therapeutic option for postoperative pain Recommendation: Using aromatherapy massage as routine interventions for reducing postoperative pain in children.
Overwinter Mineralization of a Biosolid and Composted Banana Residues in Humid Mediterranean Conditions

The objectives of this work were to study nitrogen (N) release from a biosolid and a compost of banana wastes. The overwinter N decomposition was evaluated as the uptake by a cereal cover crop and the in situ losses from buried bags in a loamy sand (site 1) and in a calcareous silty clay loam (site 2). Organic materials were applied in two rates as sludge (1, 3.75 Mg ha−1; 2, 7.5 Mg ha−1) and compost (1, 3.29 Mg ha−1; 2, 6.58 Mg ha−1). Immediately after their incorporation in October, barley was planted as a cover crop. Its growth was negatively affected by the slow drainage of the silty clay loam, leading to greater N concentration in site 1 (21.18 g kg−1 of barley versus 14.35 g kg−1 of barley in site 2). Yet only 10% of the added N was intercepted by the cover crop in the fast-draining site 1. The ash-rich compost (N: 21.1 g kg−1; ash: 467 g kg−1) was comparable to the control. Within site 2, the biosolid treatments had a residual effect on a second barley crop, as N uptake was 1.99–2.13 times that of the control. The approach of in situ loss from bags incorporated in bare soil was repeated in two successive seasons. Nitrogen losses (% input) during the fall and winter months were comparable between sites 31.9 % (site 1) and 28.6 % (site 2). When the N fate was studied during the winter months only, the loss decreased slightly, suggesting the presence of a fraction liable to decomposition overwinter in Mediterranean conditions. Soil nitrate was determined 1 month after the incorporation of the cover crop in late spring. In the first season, only the sludge 2 treatment generated more nitrate than the control, whereas 19 months after the application of the organic products both sludge treatments had a positive effect. The soil properties influenced the amounts of N mineralized with site 1, yielding twice that of site 2. In the fast-draining soils, the presence of an active cover crop overwinter is necessary, while the N level of sludge 1 (164 kg N ha−1) was more acceptable.
Novel Approach to Stable Chlorine Isotope Analysis using Gas Chromatography-Negative Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry

A novel approach to compound-specific stable chlorine isotope analysis is presented to overcome many of the major drawbacks of existing methods. Contemporary methods often require either several laborious off-line procedures prior to isotope analysis or complicated mathematical data calculations and evaluation schemes to derive the chlorine isotope ratios from the mass spectra. In contrast to previous methods, our on-line setup was based on the use of gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The ion traces of 35Cl−(m/z 35) and 37Cl−(m/z 37) were recorded to directly determine the isotopic ratios of chlorine. The chlorine fragments were obtained from each specific chlorinated compound using the appropriate energy and an optimized acquisition mode, and the method completely avoided isobaric interferences. The principle and the mechanism of this approach were presented and explained using trichloroethene. Optimization of the gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry parameters and method validation were achieved using chlorinated alkenes, chlorinated benzenes, and organochlorine pesticides. The sensitivity of the method over previous methods was significantly improved, and the ultra-trace injection amounts of 0.4–473.5 pmol resulted in standard deviations (1σ) ranging from 0.55‰–2.15‰. The present study suggested that the gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry method offered an innovative approach to compound-specific chlorine isotope analysis, and it could facilitate the application of compound-specific stable chlorine isotope analysis in environmental fields.
Non-Swirling Steady and Transient Flow Simulations in Short-Form Spray Dryers

This paper numerically investigated the effect of chamber aspect ratio and operating conditions on flow stability within a short form spray dryer without the inclusion of droplet injection. Extensive analysis using different mesh configurations led to a new finding on the effect of expansion ratio on flow stability. A larger expansion ratio produces a more stable flow, which is due to the limitation of the jet fluctuation by the outlet geometry constriction. However, the flow might not be completely steady as fluctuations are magnified at higher inlet velocities, which can be explained by the confined jet feed-back mechanism. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis of the computed instantaneous velocity at selected spatial locations in the chamber revealed the effect of the chamber expansion ratio on periodicity of the flow structure. It is observed that changes in the expansion ratio primarily affect the amplitude of the 'noise' region in the frequency spectrum.
Chimera-competent eXtra-Embryonic eNdoderm (XEN) cells established from pig embryos

In this article, we report for the first time the derivation and characterization of extra-embryonic endoderm (XEN) cells from primitive endoderm (PrE) of porcine (p) embryos. The pXEN cells can be reliably and reproducibly generated from parthenote, in vitro and in vivo derived embryos. The pXEN cells retained all the hallmarks of PrE including expression of canonical PrE and XEN cell markers (GATA4, GATA6, SOX17, SALL4, FOXA2, and HNF4A). Transcriptome analysis further confirmed their XEN cell origin. The pXEN cells when introduced into blastocyst stage embryo contributed to wide-spread chimerism including visceral yolk sac, chorion, as well as embryonic gut and liver primordium in the fetus. The pXEN cells were shown to be an efficient nuclear donor for generating cloned offspring. Taken together, pXEN cells fulfil a longstanding need for a stable, chimera-competent, and nuclear transfer-compatible porcine embryonic cells with applications for agriculture and medicine. Significance Statement We report for the first time, the derivation and characterization of extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) stem cells from porcine (p) embryos. The pXEN cells can be reliably and reproducibly derived from primitive endoderm precursors. When injected into blastocyst-stage embryos, the pXEN cells have contributed to wide-spread chimerism including visceral yolk sac, chorion of the extraembryonic membranes, as well as definitive endoderm of the fetus, primarily the embryonic gut and liver primordium. Additionally, these XEN cells have proven to be an efficient nuclear donor for generating cloned offspring. These newly discovered stem cells provide a novel model for studying lineage segregation, as well as a source for interspecies chimeras for generating endodermal organs, and for genome editing in livestock.
Determination of the levels of heavy metal (Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Cd) up take of pumpkin ( Telfairia occidentalis ) leaves cultivated on contaminated soil

The aim of this study was to use AAS to determine the levels of concentration (g/kg) of heavy metals: copper (Cu),Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and Cadmuim (Cd) uptake by pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) leaves cultivated in Pots containing varying concentrations of contaminated soil samples labeled A to E. The results showed that leaves from soil sample A had heavy metal concentration level of Cd: 0.268, Ni:0.040, Pb:0.033, Fe:0.025 and Cu: 0.003. The order of uptake was Cd> Ni> Pb> Fe> Cu. In soil sample B, the concentration level of the metals were Fe:0.091, Cd:0.406, Ni:0.118, Pb:0.058 and Cu:0.006. The order of uptake was Cd> Fe>Ni> Pb> Cu. Results from soil sample C showed that the level of heavy metal concentration in the leaves were: Fe:0.311, Cd:0.380 Pb:0.204, Ni:0.116 and Cu:0.029. The order of uptake is Cd> Fe> Pb> Ni> Cu. In soil sample D, the results were Fe:0.101, Cd:0.087, Ni:0.070, Pb:0.07 and Cu:0.004. The order was Fe> Cd> Ni= Pb> Cu. The results from soil sample E gave the concentration levels as Fe:0.266, Cd:0.135, Ni:0.122, Pb:0.017 and Cu:0.004. The order of uptake was Fe> Cd> Ni> Pb> Cu. The result for the uncontaminated soil sample F, showed that the heavy metal concentration levels were Fe:0.035 Cu:0.003, Pb:0.008, Cd:0.050 and Ni:0.008. The order of concentration levels was Cd> Fe> Ni= Pb> Cu. The findings of this study reveal that pumpkin leaves biaccumulate Cd more, followed by Fe while Cu was the least. Consequently, any agricultural soil suspected to have high concentrations of Cd, Fe, Ni and Pb will not be suitable for use in the cultivation of pumpkin leaves meant for human consumption or animal feed. This because the ingestion level of these metals are far above the WHO tolerable limit. However, pumpkin plants can serve as a good scavenger of Cd and Fe in polluted soil. © JASEM
ANALISIS KESALAHAN PESERTA DIDIK SMA AL-MIZAN SURABAYA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR TIGA VARIABEL

Errors are mistakes made by students in finding solutions to problems. Errors made by students will result in learning outcomes. Based on the results of interviews with Mathematics teachers at Al-Mizan High School Surabaya, 35% of students in class X Sciences and 90% of students in class X Social Sciences experienced a remission on the Three Variable Linear Equation System (SPLTV) material. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that aims to describe the location and causes of errors of Al-Mizan Surabaya High School students in working on SPLTV story problems and developing solutions. Many research subjects are 4 people with the criteria of students indicated to make the most errors and varied. Data is collected by giving questions and interviews. Error analysis in this study uses the Newman’s Error Analysis (NEA) method. The results of this study indicate that students of class X Sciences of SMA AlMizan Surabaya experienced errors in reading questions (with indicators not finding, not explaining, or wrong in writing keywords in questions), transformation (with indicators unsuccessful in writing mathematical sentences of questions), and process skills (with indicators unsuccessful in writing the correct solution according to procedure) in solving SPLTV story problems. The factors that cause the Al-Mizan Surabaya High School students to make mistakes are because they do not understand the meaning of the keywords, one of which is related to the word more than, not right in the algebraic arithmetic operations, and not focus on workmanship. The solution to these problems includes the teacher teaching how to identify which objects are larger or smaller and then by the difference of the number of two objects can be made a linear equation. Students are asked to interpret the questions correctly, students are expected to focus on working on the problems to avoid carelessness, the teacher teaching the prerequisite material from SPLTV.
Study of the Lipid Oxidation for Shelf – Life Prediction of Mayonnaise using Arrhenius Equation

In this study, the shelf life of mayonnaise (product of high lipid content) was rapidly predicted by studying the lipid oxidation reaction. Samples of mayonnaise were stored in glass bottles and stored in incubators at 30oC, 37oC and 45oC for 2 months to follow the perishable degree of product by measuring the acid and peroxide values every 7 days. Results showedthat the lipid hydrolysis follows zero-order reaction mechanism with activation energy Ea = 33.00 kJ / mol, the acid value increase slowly within study. The Arrhenius equationwas establishedaccordingto theperoxide value: y = -4054.7x + 5.5563 (R2 = 1), estimated shelf life was13.7 months.Lipid oxidation followed the first-order reaction mechanism with the activation energy Ea = 24.76 kJ/mol, the peroxide value increased significantly within study. The Arrhenius equationwas establishedaccordingto theperoxide value: y = -2977.6x + 6.4962 (R2 = 0.9555), the predicted shelf life of the sample was 6,0 months, matches with the published shelf life given by the manufacturer. Thus, lipid oxidation reaction is the main damaging factor of this product and hence, we can confirm the accuracy and applicability of mathematical modeling method to quickly predict the shelf life of food products.
Intertwining ROP Gadgets and Opaque Predicates for Robust Obfuscation

Software obfuscation plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property in software from reverse engineering attempts. While some obfuscation techniques originate from the obfuscation-reverse engineering arms race, others stem from different research areas, such as binary software exploitation. Return-oriented programming (ROP) gained popularity as one of the most effective exploitation techniques for memory error vulnerabilities. ROP interferes with our natural perception of a process control flow, which naturally inspires us to repurpose ROP as a robust and effective form of software obfuscation. Although previous work already explores ROP's effectiveness as an obfuscation technique, evolving reverse engineering research raises the need for principled reasoning to understand the strengths and limitations of ROP-based mechanisms against man-at-the-end (MATE) attacks. To this end, we propose ROPFuscator, a fine-grained obfuscation framework for C/C++ programs using ROP. We incorporate opaque predicates and constants and a novel instruction hiding technique to withstand sophisticated MATE attacks. More importantly, we introduce a realistic and unified threat model to thoroughly evaluate ROPFuscator and provide principled reasoning on ROP-based obfuscation techniques that answer to code coverage, incurred overhead, correctness, robustness, and practicality challenges.
Causality is Graphically Simple

Events in distributed systems include sending or receiving messages, or changing some state in a node. Not all events are related, but some events can cause and influence how other, later events, occur. For instance, a reply to a received mail message is influenced by that message, and maybe by other prior messages also received. This article brings an introduction to classic causality tracking mechanisms and covers some more recent developments. The presentation is supported by a new graphical notation that allows an intuitive interpretation of the causality relations described.
Scaling up Bubble Column Reactors with the Aid of CFD

Bubble column reactors, used widely in industry, often have large column diameters (up to 6 m) and are operated at high superficial gas velocities (in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 ms −1 ) in the churn-turbulent flow regime. Experimental work on bubble column hydrodynamics is usually carried out on a scale smaller than 0.3 m, at superficial gas velocities lower than 0.25 ms −1 . The extrapolation of data obtained in such laboratory scale units to the commercial scale reactors requires a systematic approach based on the understanding of the scaling principles of bubble dynamics and of the behaviour of two-phase dispersions in large scale columns. We discuss a multi-tiered approach to bubble column reactor scale up, relying on a combination of experiments, backed by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for physical understanding. This approach consists of the following steps: (a) description of single bubble morphology and rise dynamics (in this case both experiments and Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) simulations are used); (b) modelling of bubble-bubble interactions, with experiments and VOF simulations as aids; (c) description of behaviour of bubble swarms and the development of the proper interfacial momentum exchange relations between the bubbles and the liquid; and (d) CFD simulations in the Eulerian framework for extrapolation of laboratory scale information to large-scale commercial reactors.