Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimum allocation in multivariate stratified sampling in presence of non-response

Hansen and Hurwitz (1946) suggested a technique for eliciting responses from a subsample of the non-respondents. Khare (1987) applies this procedure of subsampling in stratified sampling and discussed the problem of optimum allocation in presence of non-response. When more than one characteristics are under study, some criteria is needed to work out an acceptable sampling fraction which is optimum for all characteristics in some sense. In this paper, the problem of determining the optimum allocation and the optimum size of subsamples to various strata in multivariate stratified sampling in presence of non-response is formulated as a Nonlinear Programming Problem (NLPP). A solution to this problem is obtained using Lagrange multipliers technique. Explicit formulae are obtained for the optimum allocation and the optimum sizes of the subsamples.
Evolving Skyrmion Racetrack Memory as Energy-Efficient Last-Level Cache Devices

Skyrmion racetrack memory (SK-RM) has been regarded as a promising alternative to replace static random-access memory (SRAM) as a large-size on-chip cache device with high memory density. Different from other nonvolatile random-access memories (NVRAMs), data bits of SK-RM can only be altered or detected at access ports, and shift operations are required to move data bits across access ports along the racetrack. Owing to these special characteristics, word-based mapping and bit-interleaved mapping architectures have been proposed to facilitate reading and writing on SK-RM with different data layouts. Nevertheless, when SK-RM is used as an on-chip cache device, existing mapping architectures lead to the concerns of unpredictable access performance or excessive energy consumption during both data reads and writes. To resolve such concerns, this paper proposes extracting the merits of existing mapping architectures for allowing SK-RM to seamlessly switch its data update policy by considering the write latency requirement of cache accesses. Promising results have been demonstrated through a series of benchmark-driven experiments.
Tightly Linking 3D Via Allocation Towards Routing Optimization for Monolithic 3D ICs

Monolithic 3D (M3D) is a revolutionary technology for high-density and high-performance chip design in the post-Moore era. However, it suffers from considerable thermal confinement due to the transistor stacking and insulating materials between the layers. As a way of reducing power, thereby mitigating the thermal problem, we propose a comprehensive physical design methodology that incorporates two new important items, one is blockage aware MIV (monolithic inter-tier via) placement and the other is 3D net ordering for routing, intending to optimize wire length. Precisely, we propose a three-step approach: (1) retrieving the MIV region candidates for each 3D net, (2) fine-tuning placement to secure MIV spots in the presence of blockages, and (3) performing M3D routing with net ordering to consider the fine-tuned placement result. We implement the proposed M3D design flow by utilizing commercial 2D IC EDA tools while providing seamless optimization for cross-tier connections. In the meantime, our experiments confirm that proposed M3D design flow saves wire length per cross-tier net by up to 41.42%, which corresponds to 7.68% less total net switching power, equivalently 36.79% lower energy-delay-product over the conventional state-of-the-art M3D design flow.
India’s foreign policy: shift, adjustment and continuity

Soon after its independence in 1947, Indian foreign policy makers had to deal with an ideologically divided world. Western (liberal-capitalist) and Eastern (communist) blocs were led by the United States of America (USA) and former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) respectively. Instead of joining any of the two blocs, India along with many of the then newly independent colonies established the NonAligned Movement (NAM) in 1961, which became a voice of the developing countries at multilateral forums. The Cold War (1947-1991) based World Order crumbled with the disintegration of the former USSR in 1991. The end of the Cold War made many countries, including India, to re-think their foreign policy and adjust their economic structures. In the immediate post-Cold War years, India took political steps to improve its relationship with the USA, Western European countries, and China. In 1991, India also adopted a new economic policy based on liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation. In the 30 years after India made a major shift in its foreign and economic policy much has changed in global politics. To secure its interests in a changed world India has deliberately, or out of compulsion, made certain adjustments in foreign policy. However, some of the basic tenets of India’s foreign policy remain unchanged, though modified from time to time to achieve the country’s interests. Personality wise, the first prime minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was considered a chief architect of Indian foreign policy in early years of India’s independence, and Nehruvian policies endure. However, successive prime ministers, including those who led coalition governments, have played their part in shaping Indian foreign policy. Highlighting the role of a leader and political leadership, and changes in the Indian foreign policy after Narendra Modi was elected into power in 2014, some scholars started talking about a ‘Modi Doctrine’, and how Modi’s foreign policy is ‘different’ (Chaulia, 2016; Ganguly et al., 2016). For Mohan (2015) Modi has ‘reinvigorated’ India’s foreign policy. Pant (2016, pp. 13–14) sees signs of a new dynamism and pragmatism in India’s foreign policy under Modi. At another level, Hall (2015) finds that although Modi has brought a new energy, his foreign policy objectives are similar to those pursued by Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh. Ganguly (2017) observes that, although Modi has made certain departures from the past, he has not ‘fundamentally altered the orientation of India’s foreign policy’.
Low-Grid-Resolution-RANS-Based Data Assimilation of Time-Averaged Separated Flow Obtained by LES

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to obtain accurate flow field analysis results in a short computational time by using data assimilation, which increases the accuracy of Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations with low grid resolution. The large-eddy simulation (LES) results are assimilated into RANS simulations. In those simulations, the turbulence-model parameters are optimised by an ensemble Kalman filter with a proposed method for adaptive hyperparameter optimisation. The target of calculations is the flow field around a square cylinder of the Reynolds number of approximately . Only the surface pressure of the square cylinder is used as an observation variable. For this shape, the assimilated RANS flow field is similar to that given by the LES analysis, and the drag coefficient reproducibility is improved by . The turbulence-model parameters are also used in the analyses of different cross-sectional shape and are found to improve the reproducibility of the flow field.
Performance of factor models in explaining anomalous return patterns: Evidence from Pakistan

ABSTRACT We compared classic and contemporary asset pricing factor models in explaining anomalous returns in the Pakistani stock market using a sample of 290 companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. We replicated 54 anomalies with a successful replication rate of 31.5%. We also replicated the factors of chosen factor models, including Fama and French's three-, five-, and six-factor models and an alternate six-factor model; Hou, Xue, and Zhang's q-factor model and an alternate q-factor model; and Stambaugh and Yuan's mispricing factor model and an alternate mispricing factor model. The performance of the factor models is tested using various time-series tests. We found that there is no clear winner in explaining anomalous returns, and we require other approaches to test the models’ abilities in explaining anomalies in Pakistan.
Editorial

To a practising composer the term 'frequency domain' must refer primarily to the ways s/he organises pitch material. Additionally, to the experienced electroacoustic composer, it will refer to the treatment of the spectral content of sounds used, which may or may not be a conscious act within the compositional process.
Formation and Particle Growth of TiO2 in Silica Xerogel Glass Ceramic During a Sintering Process

This investigation presents the synthesis procedure and the results of an investigation of the crystallite growth of TiO 2 and the formation of Si–O–Ti bonds in novel silica xerogel (SiO 2 ) glass ceramic produced from an amorphous SX derived from sago waste ash. The composition had been prepared by adding various amounts of TiO 2 , from 20 wt% to 80 wt%, into the amorphous SiO 2 , and then a series of samples were sintered at 1200°C for 2 hours. The influence of the content of TiO 2 and the sintering temperature on the properties of TiO 2 , namely crystallite size and formation of Si–O–Ti bonds, has been studied in detail. The properties of the produced ceramics have been characterized on the basis of the experimental data obtained using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It has been found that an addition of SiO 2 confers an appreciable effect on the quantity of Si–O–Ti bonds. The interpretation of the XRD pattern allows one to explain the increase in the crystallite size of rutile TiO 2 by a decreased quantity of Si–O–Ti bonds.
MENTAL HEALTH AND JOB SATISFACTION OF TEACHER EDUCATORS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

The principle of education and teaching quality is truly depends over teacher, curriculum and educational environment (Ministry of Education, 2013). Therefore, to uplift the quality of education and teaching it is very important to focus on teachers and teacher educators as an essential element of educational process. The present study was designed to explore the level of the mental health and job satisfaction of teacher educators and also to see the relationship between teacher educators' mental health and job satisfaction. The sample of the present investigation comprised 100 teacher educators drawn through proportionate random sampling from 18 colleges of education of Jammu province. The data were collected through 'Scale for Mental Health of Teacher Educators' constructed and standardised by S.P. Anand and 'Scale for Job Satisfaction of Teacher Educators' constructed and standardised by Y.Mudgil, I.S. Mubar and P.Bhatia. Statistical measures of mean, S.D. , C.R. , and Pearson's product moment correlation were employed to analyse the raw scores so obtained and draw inferences. Findings of the study revealed that fty seven and forty three of the teacher educators showed high and low level of mental health. Similarly, sixty percent of the teacher educators possessed average and below average level of job satisfaction. Unmarried teacher educators have signicantly higher level of mental health and job satisfaction. No signicant differences have been found in the mental health and job satisfaction of teacher educators on the basis of teaching experience and stream (science and arts). Positive and signicant relationship was found between mental health and job satisfaction of teacher educators.
Pathological and molecular examination findings in postmortem testis biopsies 1 reveal spermatogenesis damages in COVID-19 patients 2

31 Despite widespread interest in cardiovascular systems, little is known about the morphologic and molecular changes in the 33 testis of patients with COVID-19 and the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility. 34 We report here on the pathophysiology and molecular feature of testes obtained at autopsy 35 from six men with COVID-19, as compared with those of testes from three men with age- 36 matched, uninfected SARS-CoV-2. Our histopathological results showed that all COVID-19 37 patients had severe spermatogenesis damages compared with controls. Importantly, we 38 detected the nuclear acid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, viral particles, and SARS-CoV-2 spike 39 S1 protein in COVID-19 patient testes, and we also found ACE2 and TMPRSS2 40 significantly elevated in the testes from COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we observed a 41 prominent leukocyte infiltration, including CD3 + T lymphocytes, CD20 + B lymphocytes, 42 CD68 + macrophages, HLA-DR + myeloid cells, and CD38 + plasma cells in the testes of 43 COVID-19 patients. RNA-Seq analyses further revealed SARS-CoV-2 infection could lead 44 to dysfunction of the genes that regulate the spermatogenesis and inflammation response- 45 related pathways. Collectively, our pathological and molecular examination findings indicate that SARS-CoV-2 could directly attack testicular cells, thereby inducing the damage of 47 testicular immune privilege and spermatogenesis defects.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A survey of patients on the psychological impact of cancellations of elective surgeries in the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT: Background: Cancellation of elective surgery is a worldwide problem. The situations where patients’ surgical appointments are cancelled are an unfortunate occurrence within medical practice. The main objective of this study was to survey the frequency of cancellation, reasons, and its psychological effect on patients at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Ghana. Methods: A prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study involving a self-administered questionnaire conducted at KATH over three months from May 2018 to July 2018. The purposive sampling (total population) technique was used for patient recruitment. Results: During the study, 1078 elective surgeries were booked and 74.2% elective surgeries were performed over the study period. 278 elective surgical cases were cancelled representing 25.78%. In this study, patients reacted negatively to the cancellation of their scheduled elective surgery. It has long term psychological effects on patients even after hospital discharge. The study found the lowest rate of cancelled surgeries amongst Farmers 3.3% and the highest (25.6%) amongst unemployed people. Medical /work-up, patient-related, administrative-related, and others accounted for 16.3%, 54.1%, 30.7% and 18.9% of the cancelled surgeries respectively. The most common patient-related reason for the cancellation was patients not turning up (40.7%). The highest hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale scores 15.4 recorded in the age group of 60 to 69 years. The majority of patients expressed their feeling of disappointment (46.7%). The women in the cancellation group had a significantly higher degree of anxiety and depression as per the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale as compare to their male counterparts. Conclusions: The patients reacted negatively to the cancellation of their scheduled elective surgery. It has long term psychological effects on patients. These effects persist as anxiety and depression for a long time even after hospital discharge.
Comparison of in vitro susceptibility of different azoles agents against dermatophytes

The research on antifungal resistance in dermatophytoses lags behind that on systemic mycose. Lack of datas of antifungal susceptibility testing in dermatophytoses is one reasion. 121 clinical dermatophytes isolates were tested against 6 azole antifungal agents according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) method. Geometric mean MIC of all isolates were in increasing order: isavuconazole (GM 0.06 mg/L), posaconazole (GM 0.10 mg/L), itraconazole (GM 0.22 mg/L), voriconazole (GM 0.32 mg/L), ketoconazole (GM 0.40 mg/L), fluconazole (GM 10.18 mg/L).
Making up ideal recruits Graduate recruitment, professional socialization and subjectivity at Big Four accountancy firms

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of graduate recruitment in the professional socialisation and subjectification of Big Four professionals. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on documentary data and interviews conducted at one British university. It adopts an interpretive perspective and is informed by Foucault ’ s work on technologies of power and technologies of the self. Findings – The paper argues that the graduate recruitment practices of Big Four firms represent a series of examinations which produce the category of ideal recruits. It moreover suggests that this category serves as the ultimate objective of an ethical process whereby aspiring accountants consciously and deliberately seek to transform themselves into the type of subjects they aspire to be – ideal recruits. Research limitations/implications – The findings of the paper are primarily based on interviews conducted at one university. Future research could explore if students at other universities experience graduate recruitment in similar or different ways. Originality/value – The paper highlights the constitutive role of graduate recruitment practices and shows that they can construct ideal recruits as much as they select them. It also shows that graduate recruitment is an important anticipatory socialisation mechanism that can compel aspiring accountants to learn how to look, sound and behave like Big Four professionals long before they join such organisations. Finally, the paper discusses its implications for the future of the profession, social mobility and the use of Foucault ’ s work on technologies of power and the self in studying subjectivity at elite professional service firms.
How to Forecast an Election: Polls or Prediction Markets?

In this paper we assess polls and prediction markets over a large number of US elections in order to determine which perform better in terms of forecasting outcomes. We consider accuracy, bias and decidedness over diﬀerent time horizons before an election, and we conclude that prediction markets appear to outperform polls in terms of accuracy, unbiasedness and decidedness. We thus contribute to the growing literature comparing election forecasts of polls and prediction markets.
Effects of Two Kinds of Bentonite on the Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Carcass Characteristics and Tibia Ash of Broiler Chicks

: This experiment was conducted to study the effects of two kinds of sodium and calcium bentonite (SB and CaB) on the performance, blood biochemical parameters, carcass characteristics and tibia ash of broiler chicks. Two hundred and sixty day-old broilers of male Ross 308 strain were allocated to 5 treatments with four replications and 13 broilers in each pen. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design. Treatments were: soy-corn based diet (control); 1% sodium bentonite (SB); 1.5% sodium bentonite (SB); 1% calcium bentonite (CaB); and 1.5% calcium bentonite (CaB). The results showed there was not any significant difference between experimental groups in starter and grower periods, but feed intake decreased, as well as feed conversion ratio was improved by adding 1% bentonite to the diet in finisher and total periods (P<0.05). Addition of bentonite to diet had not significant effect on the blood biochemical parameters, carcass characteristics and tibia ash. The results indicated that the use of each two kinds of bentonite in diets (%1) improved the broiler performance, however addition of 1.5 % bentonite had not any significant effect in this study.
Reliability of Moyers and Tanaka Johnston Mixed Dentition analysis in school children of Belgaum

Context: The accuracy of Moyers proportionality tables and Tanaka and Johnston equations are fairly good when applied to children from northern European descents from which data were originally obtained. Because racial difference in mesiodistal tooth width is said to exist it is logical to doubt their applicability in other population. Aims: The purpose of this study are to test the reliability of Moyers mixed dentition analysis and Tanaka Johnston equations in Belgaum population, so as to aid in treatment planning for the orthodontists in this region. Methods and Material: A cross-sectional study comprising hundred subjects of Belgaum population who met our criteria (ages, 14-16 years; 50 boys, 50 girls) were selected from local schools. Mesiodistal dimensions of permanent mandibular incisors, maxillary and mandibular canines, and premolars were measured using a digital caliper with a resolution of 0.01 mm. Statistical analysis: Students unpaired “t” test was used to compare the sex differences between the groups of teeth. Correlation and regression analysis were performed and standard regression equations for both sexes combined and for males and females separately were developed. Results: Moyers probability table at 75% and Tanaka-Johnston equations overestimates the actual measurements in this population. Highly significant correlations were found between the mandibular incisors and the combined mesiodistal widths of the canines and premolars for the maxillary (r=0.37; P=0.00001) and mandibular (r=0.46; P=0.00001) segments. Conclusions: Tanaka and Johnston and Moyers prediction methods were not accurate when applied to Belgaum population as it tends to overestimate the actual measurements. Due to their inadequacy new prediction tables & equations were formulated specifically for Belgaum population.
Coconut oil predicts a beneficial lipid profile in pre-menopausal women in the Philippines

Coconut oil is a common edible oil in many countries, and there is mixed evidence for its effects on lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease risk. Here we examine the association between coconut oil consumption and lipid profiles in a cohort of 1,839 Filipino women (age 35–69 years) participating in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey, a community based study in Metropolitan Cebu City. Coconut oil intake was measured as individual coconut oil intake calculated using two 24-hour dietary recalls (9.54 ± 8.92 grams). Cholesterol profiles were measured in plasma samples collected after an overnight fast. Mean lipid values in this sample were total cholesterol (TC) (186.52 ± 38.86 mg/dL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (40.85 ± 10.30 mg/dL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (119.42 ± 33.21 mg/dL), triglycerides (130.75 ± 85.29 mg/dL) and the TC/HDL ratio (4.80 ± 1.41). Linear regression models were used to estimate the association between coconut oil intake and each plasma lipid outcome after adjusting for total energy intake, age, body mass index (BMI), number of pregnancies, education, menopausal status, household assets and urban residency. Dietary coconut oil intake was positively associated with HDL-c levels.