Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MPD Thruster Performance Analytic Models

Magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) thrusters are capable of accelerating quasi‐neutral plasmas to high exhaust velocities using Megawatts (MW) of electric power. These characteristics make such devices worthy of consideration for demanding, far‐term missions such as the human exploration of Mars or beyond. Assessment of MPD thrusters at the system and mission level is often difficult due to their status as ongoing experimental research topics rather than developed thrusters. However, in order to assess MPD thrusters’ utility in later missions, some adequate characterization of performance, or more exactly, projected performance, and system level definition are required for use in analyses. The most recent physical models of self‐field MPD thrusters have been examined, assessed, and reconfigured for use by systems and mission analysts. The physical models allow for rational projections of thruster performance based on physical parameters that can be measured in the laboratory. The models and their implications for.
Development and assessment of an indicator based model approach to enhance sustainability of future energy technology pathways in Germany (SEnSys)

After the nuclear fallout in Japan, Germany decided to back out from nuclear energy while at the same time changing the energy supply from fossil to renewable sources. This elaborate plan, known as Energiewende, will require significant economic and structural efforts that will have profound impacts on the environment and society itself. It is therefore crucial to identify possible technological pathways that can lead to a renewable energy supply, while reducing negative impacts on a holistic scope. In order to analyse alternative energy technology scenarios in Germany, this thesis focuses on the development of an indicator-based numerical Sustainable Energy Systems (SEnSys) model approach. Other than previous approaches, the SEnSys model considers full aggregated impacts of technological pathways leading to future configurations. With the help of an exemplary case study on two alternative energy technology scenarios (Trieb1 and Trieb2), the feasibility of the SEnSys model in evaluating sustainability is subsequently assessed. The results can affirm the findings of previous studies concerning lower economic and environ- mental impacts for scenario Trieb2, with small shares of renewable energy imports, compared to scenario Trieb1 based on only local but fluctuating renewables. Additionally, the results are in accordance with other relevant studies, while offering new valuable insights to the topic. Given a comprehensive revision of the identified uncertainties and limitations, it can be stated that the SEnSys model bares the potential for further analysing and improving sustainability of energy technology scenarios in Germany and other countries.
Entomological surveillance with community engagement at Chagas Platform Centers for comprehensive care in the mesothermal valleys of three regions of the endemic area of Triatoma infestans in Bolivia

Background The detection of residual foci inside the houses, or the reinfestation of triatomines is one of the main entomological surveillance challenges. Actions aimed at increasing the probability of vector detection and to detect re-infestation when the density of vector populations is low, is a priority objective for Chagas control programs. MethodsFamilies belonging to local communities were responsible of triatomine specimens capture, following a strategic methodology based on entomological surveillance with community participation developed by the National Chagas Programme of the Ministry of Health of Bolivia. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the entomological surveillance strategy with community engagement implemented in Chagas Platform Centers for comprehensive care (CPs). The degree of intradomicillary residual vector infestation, the main seasonal period of triatomines capture, and natural infection by trypanosomatids rates were evaluated. Results In rural and peri-urban Punata, in the Department of Cochabamba, the houses infestation rate by triatomines exceeds the national average and is above the recommendations of PAHO / WHO. The observations during the seasons of the year showed that Spring season (September to December) was the period where there was a higher average of T. infestans positive houses detected by the families participating in the study in the three departments of Bolivia. The presence of infected triatomines with Trypanosomatideos in positive houses was 6% in the study area, still finding active domestic cycles in rural and peri-urban areas and not in urban areas where triatomines with parasites were not reported during the seven years of monitoring. Conclusions Reporting infestation foci by the inhabitants is the simplest and most direct way of participation of the community in entomological surveillance. These strategies should be included in the health policies of the countries, as well as extending and deepening the dialogue between technicians, communities and their local authorities.
Computational Antitrust: An Introduction and Research Agenda

Computational antitrust is a new domain of legal informatics which seeks to develop computational methods for the automation of antitrust procedures and the improvement of antitrust analysis. The present article first introduces it, then explores how agencies, policymakers, and market participants can benefit from it. Against this background, it sets out a research agenda for the years ahead in view of providing answers to the challenges created by computational antitrust, and better understand its limits.
Effect of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) on Local Community Livelihood in Case of Bale Highlands, South East Ethiopia

Natural forests and their biodiversity have a high importance for the worldwide ecosystem goods and services for the support of livelihoods. Despite the great actual and potential socio-economic and ecological benefits derived from the forest resources in Ethiopia, PFM can sustain the natural resource and the livelihoods at once. FM stakeholders supposed to enjoy some benefits in terms of household opportunities to meet their basic needs. However the government devoted limited right as community does not supposed to make any decision about forest, not enjoying high value benefits and the voice of participants in terms of what to generate from the forest is dictated by experts. This study intended to examine the effect of PFM on local community livelihood. Exploratory and descriptive research methods were applied in selected areas and the roles of Participatory forest management contribution to local livelihood explored. Semi-structured questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion were used for the purpose of socio economic study. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from 304 household and one focus group discussion and key informant interview(KII) consisting 12 and 8 members respectively.The collected of livelho-od contribution of PFM was analyzed using Microsoft excel software and SPSS 20version.The used Paired-t-test and chi-square test analysis of the incomes derived from different forest products before and after PFM as well as between members and non members of PFM revealed a significant difference (p<0.05). Generally the study showed PFM have slightly contributed to the livelihoods of the forest adjacent community. From study result concepts Introduction of improved sheep breeds, Organizing or strengthen saving and credit scheme, use of improved plant and animal varieties of locally adaptable and Promotion of agroforestry and plantations in homesteads was recommended.
The coronavirus & work-life inequality: Three evidence-based initiatives to update U.S. work-life employment policies

The coronavirus crisis has illuminated how poorly the United States compares with other major industrialized nations in providing workers across all industries equal access to paid sick and family leave, employee-requested flexible scheduling, and reasonable work hours. Many essential workers in frontline jobs (such as those in health care, food services, and public safety) have been unable to access benefits that support work-life balance and that play a critical role in helping employees manage job stress and protect their health. At the same time, many nonessential workers (disproportionately women) who can telecommute to prevent exposure have been left juggling a demanding job while also caring for children, elders, or others at home. We propose three evidence-based national initiatives that would improve U.S. work-life policy: ensure employees have access to and the ability to use paid sick leave and family leave, mandate that employers create emergency backup staffing infrastructures, and give employees the right to request flexible and reasonable work hours. These work-life policies are based on principles of balanced flexibility that benefit employers, employees, and society as a whole.
Cellular Convergence and the Death of Privacy

PREFACE PART I CELLULAR CONVERGENCE CHAPTER ONE: CELLULAR CONVERGENCE The Evolution of a Cellular World Politics and the Cellular Platform Surveillance and Control PART II CELLULAR SURVEILLANCE CHAPTER TWO: CELLULAR SURVEILLANCE The Origins of Wiretapping Built-In Location Surveillance Taking It to the Next Level The Carrier IQ Debacle CHAPTER THREE: CELLULAR SURVEILLANCE AND THE LAW The Fourth Amendment Search and Seizure of Electrical Communication Protecting (or Not) the Context of Communication The ECPA and Cellular Privacy CALEA and the USA PATRIOT ACT Concluding Thoughts CHAPTER FOUR: PRIVACY AND THE IMPACT OF SURVEILLANCE Defining Privacy When Privacy is Invaded Bentham, Foucault, and the Panoptic Effect When You Don't Know You Are Being Watched Location-Based Advertising - The Ultimate Invasion? Location-Based Advertising and the Philosophy of Place Concluding Thoughts PART III CELLULAR CONTROL CHAPTER FIVE: THE ROLE OF THE FCC The Early Years of Wireless and the Politics of Spectrum The FCC Creates Roadblocks for Early Mobile Systems The FCC and the Future of Cellular Convergence CHAPTER SIX: THE ARCHITECTURE OF CENTRALIZED CONTROL A Centralized Architecture End-to-End Architectures Architecture and Innovation Architecture and Censorship Concluding Thoughts PART IV CELLULAR SOLUTIONS: OPTIONS FOR PRIVACY PROTECTION CHAPTER SEVEN: Working within the Current System - Cryptology and Private Communication Cryptology: The Art of Secret Communication Early Crypto The Politics of Cryptography Public Key Cryptography and Digital Signatures A Private Overlay for Cellular Handsets Privacy-Aware Location-Based Services Concluding Thoughts CHAPTER EIGHT: THROW THE OLD SYSTEM OUT - BRING IN A CELLULAR COMMONS Unlicensed Spectrum - A Radio Commons WiFi Telephony Shows the Way End-to-End Cellular and Open Source Development Privacy-Aware Mobility Management Concluding Thoughts CHAPTER NINE: A RIGHT TO SURVEILLANCE-FREE CELLULAR ACCESS? Cellular Access to the Internet A Right to Access the Internet? Rights, Freedom of Expression, and the Internet Beyond Enablement Consequences of Rights Status A Right to be Free of Government Surveillance? A Right to be Free of Corporate Surveillance? A Closing Thought TABLE OF CASES INDEX
A deep transfer learning based model for automatic detection of COVID-19 from chest X-ray

Deep learning in medical imaging has revolutionized the way we interpret medical data, as high computational devices' capabilities are far more than their creators. With the pandemic causing havoc for the second straight year, the findings in our paper will allow researchers worldwide to use and create state-of-the-art models to detect affected persons before it reaches the R number. The paper proposes an automated diagnostic tool using the deep learning models on chest x-rays as an input to reach a point where we surpass this pandemic (COVID-19 disease). A deep transfer learning-based model for automatic detection of COVID-19 from chest x-rays using the Inception-V3 model is proposed, in which we added flattening, node dropping, normalization, and dense layer. The proposed architecture is compared with existing state-of-the-art ImageNet models. The model's efficacy is tested on three different COVID-19 radiography datasets with three classes: COVID, normal, and viral pneumonia. The proposed model has reached an accuracy of 97.7%, 84.95%, and 97.03% on the mentioned datasets, respectively. The proposed work introduces the deep neural networks applied to medical images to analyze image enhancement techniques and emphasize the field's clinical aspects.
Analysis and design of single-stage electronic ballast with bridgeless PFC configuration

A single-stage, high power factor electronic ballast used to drive fluorescent lamps is analyzed and designed in the paper. The electronic ballast, combining a bridgeless power-factor-correction converter with a series-resonant parallel-loaded inverter, has the functionality of input current shaping for achieving high power factor (HPF) and provides a sufficient high voltage to strike the lamp during start-up period and rated lamp power at steady state. The features of the ballast are low cost, high power factor (PF>0.99), low crest factor (CF<1.7), zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and identical current stress on each power switch. Operational principles, design equations and experimental results of one 36-W fluorescent lamp operating at 50 kHz switching frequency with 110 V-rms line input voltage are presented.
Simple Model to Predict Structural Condition of Asphalt Concrete Pavements at the Network Level

With an ever increasing road infrastructure it is becoming essential that the maintenance budget is judiciously allocated. This is especially true for countries where the maintenance budget invariably falls short of the total requirement. In order for such allocations to be possible it is important that decision makers are aware of (i) what the pavement conditions for different sections are at present and (ii) what they are expected to be if no actions are taken now. One requires models which will perform these tasks using information which can be readily and easily obtained. This paper concentrates on asphalt concrete pavements and presents two models which utilize surface distress conditions like fatigue cracking and rutting to (i) evaluate the present structural health and (ii) predict the future structural health (assuming nothing is done now) of pavement sections. The prediction model is the main contribution of this paper and is based on the evaluation model developed earlier by the same authors. The prediction model is calibrated using the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database developed and maintained by the U.S. Department of Transportation. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Effects of Mechanical Impacts on Hatchability of Broiler Breeders

Transporting hatching eggs from Hungary and incubating them abroad revealed lower hatchability compared to when the eggs were incubated in Hungary. Following transport, there were higher embryo losses and, notably, more malformed embryos. The aim of these initial trials was to determine if a testing device (crazy fit massage machine (CFM machine)) was able to replicate and model the mechanical impacts experienced during transport and reproduce the reduction in hatchability and increase the level of malformed embryos as observed in commercial practice. Tinytag ® high sensitivity shock and vibration loggers were used to monitor the impacts under field and trial conditions. Applying single 10 min treatments on the CFM machine, which used the same frequency (10-30 Hz) as the eggs experience under field conditions, induced the negative effect of transport, and lower hatching results were experienced. Three trials were conducted. Treated eggs in Trials 1 and 2 received automatically and periodical changing vibration in a range between 10-30 Hz for 10 min while in Trial 3 two different levels of impact were applied at 20 Hz and 30 Hz, respectively. Hatchability decreased due to the treatment significatly only in Trial 3. Significant differences were also detected in early dead levels in Trials 2 and 3 and the occurrences of malformation in Trials 1 and 3. All these results are in accordance with the field experience. Thus, the trials which examined the equipment were able to produce mechanical impacts that were repeatable in order to set up statistically reliable trials on hatching eggs.
HyperETA: An Estimated Time of Arrival Method based on Hypercube Clustering

The Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) that predict the travel time of a given GPS trajectory has been extensively used in route planning. Deep learning has been widely applied to ETA prediction. However, prediction tasks involve some challenges, such as small data size, low GPU’s precision, high training loss, and low accuracy. Herein, we present a new machine-learning algorithm called HyperETA for ETA prediction. HyperETA is based on a extraordinary clustering method, called Hypercube Clustering. We conducted experiments to compare HyperETA with a deep-learning-based method called DeepTTE by using taxi trajectories as a benchmark. Two variations of both methods were evaluated. The results indicated that HyperETA outperformed the deep-learning approach in terms of prediction accuracy.
Reverberation chamber time and frequency metrology for MeerKAT systems shielding evaluation

Electromagnetic shielding plays a significant role in the protection of electronic equipment. Its application is essential for mitigating radio-frequency interference for the Karoo Array Telescope (MeerKAT) project in the Karoo region of the Northern Cape. In this context, time-domain (TD) methodology for small enclosure shielding effectiveness (SE) is developed using a reverberated environment technique. Interest revolves around measurement time speed-up and an extended SE response which covers the under-moded condition of small enclosures. Recommended IEC standard 61000-4-21 [1] efficiency of 0.75, for log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) antenna, is also validated from a reverberation chamber (RC) characterisation of a printed circuit-board (PCB) LPDA efficiency. A built-in pulse generator and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) receiver RATTY form the main elements of the TD metrology. For validation purpose, a reference coaxial airline is built. The cable is characterised with computational codes (CST and FEKO) and is also modelled with Vance and Kley’s analytical expressions. The results are compared with TD transfer impedance (Zt) measurement within the RC. The study shows that the cable fixture within an RC shapes the cable under-test (CUT) Zt. The airline itself is also introducing an oscillating component within Zt. The resonance is proportional to the CUT length and it is visible within the measurement data and the simulations. It is not, however, taken into account by the theoretical models. The consequence of an incorrect antenna efficiency on RC applications is also addressed using a PCB LPDA antenna efficiency investigation. The unknown LPDA is simulated with CST for the study. The result is compared to an RC measurement validating the IEC 61000-4-21 standard efficiency recommendation of 0.75 [1]. This methodology characterised the unknown antenna parameter from a reference dipole antenna efficiency we investigated with FEKO. Simulated Wheeler-cap techniques permitted the reference antenna validation. We found that an inaccurate LPDA efficiency has little effect at higher frequency if the IEC efficiency is adopted. However, a difference of more than 7 dB can arise at low frequency if the real efficiency differs by more than 0.3 with respect to the IEC value. The study highlights the importance of a correct antenna efficiency for accurate RC applications. The nested-enclosure technique is regarded as the conventional method of investigating small enclosures SE [2]. The technique is in general time-consuming and works for a Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
How does a family car matter? Leisure, travel & attitudes of adolescents in inner city Stockholm

Adolescents' leisure activities, travel experiences and attitudes toward car-ownership were studied in inner-city Stockholm. 37 of the 71 participating adolescents lived in car-free households. In this setting, a family car made no difference for their leisure activities as both categories enjoyed extensive independent mobility by walking and public transport. The majority had experienced international recreational travels by air. Car-ownership influenced attitudes about the importance of a family car for children, as both adolescent categories endorsed their own situation. (A)
Combined Power Plants: Including Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (Ccgt) Plants

Hardbound. Combined power plants offer higher efficiency and lower fuel consumption than conventional plants. This new text, which makes an excellent companion to the author's earlier book, Cogeneration - Combined Heat & Power, outlines the basic thermodynamics and economics of combined power plants and the purpose behind their design. Detailed analyses of the factors involved in the operation of combined power plants are clearly presented. Also covered are the history of the developments of combined power plants, practical schemes and experiences and major developments in the field to bring the text up-to-date. The whole book presents a totally original text, ideal for students and practising engineers alike.
Testing of In-Line Slurry Monitors and Pulsair Mixers with Radioactive Slurries

Three in-line slurry monitoring instruments were demonstrated, tested, and evaluated for their capability to determine the transport properties of radioactive slurries. The instruments included the Endress + Hauser Promass 63M Coriolis meter for measuring density, the Lasentec M600P for measuring particle size distribution, and a prototype ultrasonic monitor that was developed by Argonne National Laboratory for measuring suspended solids concentration. In addition, the power consumption of the recirculation pump was monitored to determine whether this parameter could be used as a tool for in-line slurry monitoring. The Promass 63M and the M600P were also evaluated as potential indicators of suspended solids concentration. In order to use the Promass 63M as a suspended solids monitor, the densities of the fluid phase and the dry solid particle phase must be known. In addition, the fluid phase density and the dry solids density must remain constant, as any change will affect the correlation between the slurry density and the suspended solids concentration. For the M600P, the particle size distribution would need to remain relatively constant. These instruments were demonstrated and tested at the Gunite and Associated Tanks Remediation Project at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The testing of the instruments was conducted in parallel with the testing of a Pulsair mixing system, which was used to mix the contents of the selected tank. A total of six tests were performed. A submersible pump was positioned at two depths, while the Pulsair system was operated at three mixing rates.