Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling – Use of Ontology-Based Algorithmic Modeling to Represent Architectural Design Criteria at the Conceptual Design Stage

Introduction: Building Information Modeling (BIM) applications have gradually replaced CAD as a means of solving information integration problems among different disciplines within the AEC (architecture, engineering, and construction) industry. However, the world's first BIM claim revealed the critical problem of information loss when the mechanical, electrical, & plumbing engineering (MEP) contractor ran out room in a ceiling plenum[5]. If BIM can be used to present critical criteria, such as the maximum height of an MEP installation, then it is not necessary to remind the contractor to retain sufficient ceiling height. BIM applications encourage architects to model every detail of a building in order to foresee and resolve constructability issues in advance by means of visualization. BIM applications are based on the product modeling theory and methodology proposed by Eastman[4], which deals with buildings as products in an effort to boost productivity and constructability. Unfortunately, not all critical design information, such as minimal clearance of MEP installations and other design criteria, can be represented in the visualization of the final building products. The problem of losing critical information in BIM not only causes communication issues among different disciplines, but also marginalizes the roles of architects in the AEC industry[7].
Sensors, Actuators and Algorithms for Practical Implementations of Turbulence Boundary Layer Control

The design, fabrication and testing of sensors and actuators for measurement and control of turbulent flows is discussed along with algorithms for real-time feedfoward control of turbulent wall bounded shear flows. The advantages and disadvantages of different sensing schemes and designs are reviewed with some recommendations for optimal approaches for sensor design. Examples are drawn from a variety of MEMS sensor programs conducted in our research group over the past few years. A new design for thermal shear stress and temperature sensors is presented. The design of synthetic jet actuators is also reviewed with particular attention on how they might be used in turbulent boundary layer control. Finally, the outline of a real-time control algorithm is described which can be readily implemented in a physical experiment. The results of this experiment are reported, showing excellent performance including uniform reduction of turbulent fluctuation intensities of up to 37% and a decrease in the mean wall shear stress of 7%.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON EFFECTS OF DEFORMATION ON ACCURACY OF ORIFICE METERS

Flow measurement errors caused by deformation of orifice plates are analyzed numerically using finite element method. Deformation due to rounding of the sharp edges and plate bending are investigated. The pressure drop and velocity profile of the turbulent pipe flow are simulated by CFD technique. Rounded and bent orifice plates in 2 and 4 inch diameter pipes were tested and results were used to assess measurement error as a function of edge radius, orifice bore diameter and plate deflection angle. The study shows that, buckled plates and rounded edge plates both under-measures the flow. For bent plates with 8 degree bending angle the error is near 3.3% for 2 inch line and 2.5% for 4 inch line. It also shows that, flow rate prediction by Mason, Wilson and Birkhead correlation for buckling works well with lower bending angles. But at higher angles, the deviation is more. For high edge radii the current numerical simulation predicts an error as high as 5%.
Lithotripsy of Different Urinary Tract Stones by Using Seeds of Carum copticum

It has been a well-known practice to use seeds and the essential oil of Carum copticum as a strongly antiseptic , antispasmodic , aromatic , bitter , diaphoretic , digestive , diuretic , expectorant and tonic. Also used for cure influenza, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. To our knowledge it will be the first time to use the seeds of this herb as a urinary tract stone lithotripsy.This research aimed to the use of these seeds as a lithotripsian against different types of urinary stones and determine the efficiency of these preparation against which types of stone.A liquid solution was prepared from dissolving the seeds powder in cow milk and then concentration this preparation was done by boiling at 100Â°C to reduce the volume of solution to the half.The treatment was given via oral administration for successive 9 days before breakfast. 350 patients with urinary stone of different type took part in this research. All patients were subjected to ultrasonography and intravenous pyelography examinations to localized the position and detect diameter of stone. The above examination and also biochemical tests for diagnosis of stones ingredients were repeated after the administration of treatment and excretion of stone fragments in urine. The results were so promising especially against pure ca-oxalate stone.
Involved Parties and Plan Formats in Equipment Planning for Mega Building Projects

Mega building projects are distinguished by the use of multiple tower cranes that oversail numerous shared work zones at graded heights. This paper aims to provide an answer to the following question: is the process of equipment planning for such projects similar to that of smaller projects? The answer was sought through the investigation of two measures, involvement in planning and issuance of plans, based on case studies of mega building construction sites in Europe. On-site interviews focused on three research variables: project planning stages, planning parties, and plan formats. Main findings were: (1) the number of participating parties was about twice as high as the respective numbers of involved parties identified in previous studies of regular sites; (2) various functionaries other than the “classic” parties were important players in equipment planning for mega building projects; and (3) the number of different format types used to document the outcome of equipment planning was about six times the respective number found in previous studies for regular projects. These findings indicate that the equipment planning process for mega building projects differs significantly from that conducted for regular projects.
Higher-order Multidimensional Programming (Revised)

We present a higher-order functional language, called TransLucid, in which expressions and variables denote intensions, which are arbitrary-dimensional arrays in which any atomic value may be used as a dimension, and a multidimensional runtime context is used to index the intensions. In addition to atomic objects, the ﬁrst-class objects of TransLucid are contexts, intensions and functions. Wegive an intuitive presentation of the core principles of TransLucid, present its denotational semantics, and then develop a number of programming techniques, typically avoiding recursive function calls, taking advantage of the features of the language.
SYSTEMATICS OF A RARE SPECIES OF POCKET GOPHER, PAPPOGEOMYS ALCORNI

Abstract Pappogeomys alcorni is a peripherally isolated species that currently is designated as a rare species in Mexico. There are only 4 known museum specimens, all collected between the years 1950 and 1966, and recent attempts have failed to locate individuals in the wild. Although only 1 new specimen (skin only) has been collected since the original systematic work on P. alcorni, new analytical methods permit reexamination of existing specimens. DNA was isolated from a 48-year-old museum skin to investigate the phylogenetic relationship of this rare taxon to other species of Pappogeomys and Cratogeomys. Phylogenetic analysis based on 424 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene and morphometric analysis of 101 individuals of Pappogeomys indicate that P. alcorni is a geographically disjunct subspecies of P. bulleri rather than a monotypic species.
Development and Validity of an Environmental Knowledge Instrument

This research aims to develop an environmental knowledge instrument. This research employs qualitative and quantitative methods. Five experts check the developed instrument based on evaluation, content and language aspects. The respondents consist of 120 pre-service biology teachers. The test results are analysed from the difficulty level and distinguishing power index. Test items that meet both aspects are analysed using the confirmatory factor analysis, to measure construct validity, and estimated for its coefficient of reliability. The result shows that all items have a medium difficulty level and a good distinguishing power index. The confirmatory factor analysis shows that the items met the construct validity from factor loading of higher than 0.07 and t-value of higher than t-table. The coefficient of reliability, according to Cronbach alpha, is higher than 0.70. Based on the analysis results, the developed instrument to measure environmental knowledge has met the criteria for a valid and reliable instrument.
INVESTIGATION IN TO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING TO DEVELOP A WEB BASED TENDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The manual process of tendering which is mostly practiced in the third world countries such as in Sri Lanka, is identified as a challenge an organization undergoes when procuring goods and services. It is an inevitable process which is tedious and time consuming to many managerial bodies. Tendering bodies in organizations that go through tenders manually embark on decisions using their own discretion and thus yielding improper decisions due to lack of transparency and biasness involved in the selection. In terms of this research, an investigation was carried out on a Sri Lankan state bank. This gave insight into underlined manual tender procedure, followed and, it exposed a current efficiency rate of 44.4%. The main objective of this research is to increase the efficiency rate and accuracy of the final tender decision. In order to realize the above stated objective an insight was carried out under the multiple criteria decision making models. And the most suitable models for this project have been in cooperated in the framework that was proposed for the automation of the tender management process. In terms of realizing the objective AHP is proposed to be integrated with weighted score model and this solution was deployed in the form of a website which would be able to be accessed 24/7 making it more convenient to the suppliers, and provide flexibility to the decision makers (DM). This was able to enhance the efficiency rate of the tender process to 82.29% with an overall change of 85%.
18S Ribosomal RNA genes of insects : primary structure of the genes and molecular phylogeny of the Holometabola

The 18S ribosomal RNA genes of 19 insect species, including 12 Holometabola, were cloned and sequenced. The genes of the insect species investigated so far vary in length from 1,809 to 3,316 bp. The genes were aligned according to the secondary structure model of the 18S ribosomal RNA. An average of 1,580 aligned nucleotide positions per gene was used for the calculation of phylogenetic trees with sequences of this and previous studies. Neighbor-joining trees were calculated with gamma, substitution rate calibration, and LogDet distances. Informative alignment positions were used for a maximum parsimony analysis. The robustness of the trees was tested by bootstrapping and by branch support calculations. All the major groups of the Holometabola, which are commonly regarded as monophyletic except for the Mecoptera, were supported with the neighbor-joining analysis. Some of these groups were not represented in the most parsimonious trees or had a bootstrap support of <80%. However, a sister group relationship of the Strepsiptera and the Diptera was found with both methods and with corrections for different substitution rates at different sites and for differences in the nucleotide composition.
Use of non-pathogenic bacteria as vectors for targeted gene expression cancer gene therapy

The potential utility of tumor-selective 5-fluorouracil treatment using attenuated Salmonella serovar typhimurium recombinant for cytosine deaminase (TAPET-CD) has been documented in experimental settings. The present data demonstrate that in vivo 19Fmagnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements allow the outcome prediction of this prokaryotic-based therapy, demonstrating the necessity of non-invasive real-time imaging techniques for treatment monitoring. INTRODUCTION Positron emission tomography and (nuclear) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been introduced to evaluate the biological characteristics of tumors and to monitor the efficacy of treatment on an individual basis. Fluor-containing chemotherapeutics, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its metabolites, can be detected noninvasively in tumor and liver tissues using 19F-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (19F-MRS). Preclinical animal investigations and patient studies suggest that trapping of 5-FU in the tumor correlates with response and may provide prognostic information on treatment outcome [1-3] Ample data exist on the use of the cytosine deaminase (CD) enzyme, which converts the nontoxic 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into the cytostatic 5-FU, in a number of experimental settings. Among these, we and others have demonstrated that recombinant bacteria such as Clostridium and attenuated Salmonella can be used to transfer CD selectively to the rodent tumor microenvironment, resulting in antitumor effects [4-7]. In addition, we reported the feasibility of 19F-MRS to assess noninvasively the intratumor conversion of 5-FC into 5-FU mediated by CD-recombinant Salmonella [8]. The aim of the present study was to investigate the value of in vivo 19F-MRS to predict the success of the TAPET-CD/5-FC cancer therapy system and to evaluate It as a tool to allow individualised treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cells were xenografted (1,5x10 cells per 100 ml) subcutaneously at the lower flank of 8to 10-week-old female NMRI nu/nu mice. Treatment and FMRS measurements started when tumor volumes reached 4300mm. Tumors were measured in three orthogonal dimensions with a calliper and volumes were calculated according to the formula ABC XTT/6. TAPET-CD (VION Pharmaceuticals Inc., New Haven, CT, USA), in detail described by Zheng et al [9], was cultured as described previously [7] and 2.0x10 bacteria were injected intravenously (tail vein). Six days after TAPET-CD administration, 5-FC was daily administered intraperitoneal^ in one group of animals (n =12), whereas a control group (n = 4) received saline according to the same schedule. To determine the intratumor conversion activity of the TAPET-CD, in vivo 19F-MRS experiments were performed in a 4.7 T BIOSPEC horizontal magnet (Bruker), equipped with
Surgical treatment of muscle injury. A review of current literature and indications

1 Orthopaedics and Traumatology, department of surgery, Ospedale Sant’Anna, San Fermo della Battaglia, Como, Italy 2 University of Varese, School of Medicine. Orthopaedics and Traumatology, department of surgery, Ospedale Sant’Anna, San Fermo della Battaglia, Como, Italy 3 Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy 4 Orthopaedics and Traumatology, department of surgery, Umberto Parini Hospital, Aosta, Itlay 5 Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy 6 Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, London, England
HOW DOES AUDITORY INFORMATION INFLUENCE OBSERVERS’ PERCEPTION DURING THE EVALUATION OF COMPLEX SKILLS?

Perceiving and gathering information from the environment are essential abilities of humans, especially in sports. An individual’s perception of aspects such as the surrounding conditions or the movements of other athletes can be decisive for a successful performance. The question that arises is whether an individual’s level of expertise affects his or her ability to use task-specific information. Furthermore, it should be determined whether the type of information that is gathered differs across people with different sport-specific experiences. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of auditory information in the observation and evaluation of complex skills in gymnastics. Participants with different amounts of experience were asked to estimate the duration of flight phases in straight-back somersaults on the floor under manipulated auditory conditions. The results of the current study show that participants with no specific experience in gymnastics performed worse than participants with visual or motor experiences. Additionally, the current gymnasts outperformed the other participants. One could speculate that current gymnasts benefit from their motor experiences, which lead to improved perceptual sensitivity and a better ability to identify differences between two cues. In conclusion, it could be enriching to take the auditory information into account in motor learning tasks.
A Cognitive Analysis of Head and Heart Metaphors in English and Spanish

This study investigates the use and the conceptualization of head and heart metaphors in English and Spanish. It studies 57 heart and head English metaphorical expressions and their equivalents in Spanish. This study mainly aims at exploring the similarities and differences between the two languages with regard to the conceptual metaphors from which the metaphorical expressions are generated and the ways of conceptualizing these metaphorical expressions. The study also investigates the role of the human body-experiences in forming and conceptualizing these body-based metaphorical expressions. The results show that the conceptualization and the manifestation of the investigated metaphorical expressions differ in terms of the linguistic expressions used and the conceptual metaphors from which they generate. The results also show that despite the differences that occur, there is still a common way of conceptualizing the bodily-based human experiences through metaphor.
Closing the gap between ELF theory and practice: an action research case study

This action research case study focused on the research field of ELF which analyses the use of English in lingua franca contexts (Jenkins, 2012). There have been some pedagogical proposals for how ELF may affect ELT and hence this study put theory into practice by creating an ELF-awareness raising course. The focus was to examine participants’ reactions to the course and whether the ELF-awareness raising course changed their perceptions of ELT. The four participants were selected from the researcher’s existing students and partook in three online 1-2-1 lessons. They completed preand post-course interviews, questionnaires and post-lesson / course written reflections, detailing their reactions to the course and their view of ELT. The results showed that an ELF approach in the classroom is enjoyable, raises ELF-awareness and does not mean a total rejection of SLA theory. The findings also give fellow teachers and researchers an insight into which tasks were successful and which were less enjoyable, thereby helping with future effective implementation of this approach. Furthermore, the course changed the participants’ views of ELT, with the majority gaining a slightly more ELF-aware view of ELT. However, it is important to note that for one participant, the course reinforced their EFL view of ELT and provoked a rejection of the ELF paradigm. Therefore, teachers need to be aware that, despite being enjoyable, an ELF approach may have unexpected results.
The Validation of a Sexual Discrimination Measure for Construction

Research in construction field indicates women’s lack of career achievement is related to exclusionary and discriminatory practices within their organisations. However, few measures of this gender equity have been developed, with most typically assuming a strong gender bias. This study developed and validated a new measure for professional men and women in construction which has been described within two separate papers. The first paper (Francis, 2015) presented the development of a new 20-item trial measure using an iterative process and the assistance of a ten person expert panel. This paper is the second and describes the final part of the study presenting the validation of the new measure. Nine items, including two relating to sexual harassment, had to be removed as they could not be considered as continuous or were non parametric. Because of the exclusion of the sexual harassment items the final scale was a measure of sexual discrimination. To establish which of the 11-items should be retained, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted using a sample of 217 professional women in construction. The final scale included 5items and was verified using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using a sample of 239 construction women. The Cronbach Alpha for the scale was found to be . 81, indicating a relatively high level of reliability. The research involved important research lessons relating to issues such as the response format, impact of increasing gender neutrality and the reverse scoring of items. It is hoped this study will be useful to other construction researchers contemplating scale development.
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Organisational Culture on Firm Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation

Waris Ali Khana*, Ramraini Ali Hassana, Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshadb, Muhammad Ali Arshadc, Umair Kashifd, Farhan Aslame, Syed Azizi Wafaa, a Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia, b Department of Management Sciences, Lahore Garrison University, Pakistan, c School of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia, d College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, China, e School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, China, Email: a*warissalikhan@gmail.com
Effect of Smoking on Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone and Testosterone in Men

Background: Smoking has a negative impact on the reproductive health. The aim of the study was determine effect of smoking on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone in men. Methods: The study was conducted using a cross sectional study design. The populations in this study were all active smoker and non smoker in Baiturrahmah University with sample size 50 respondents. Sampling technique with consecutive sampling. FSH, LH and testosterone examination in Biochemistry Laboratory of Andalas University. Data analysis used independent sample T test. A two-tailed P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. All data were analysed using SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The results of the study found there were mean differences in FSH level between active smoker and non-smoker were 3.857±1.493 mIU/ml and 4.977±2.083 mIU/ml (p<0.05). LH level showed were 4.984±2.237 mIU/ml and 5.500±2.623 mIU/ml between active smoker and non-smoker (p>0.05). While there were mean differences in testosterone level between active smoker and nonsmoker were 15.393±2.782 nmol/l and 20.836±6.360 nmol/l (p<0.05). Conclusion: This analysis confirmed there were effect of FSH and testoterone level between active smoker and non-smoker.