Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of summer precipitation simulation with indirect assimilation of spring soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau

Soil moisture can be an important preceding signal in seasonal precipitation prediction because of its persistence and influence on the energy and water balance between land and atmosphere. The thawing process of frozen ground on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during spring makes it difficult to accurately simulate soil variables (e.g., soil moisture and temperature) due to defective parameterizations in numerical models during spring. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of soil moisture correction using an indirect nudging scheme to simulate the coupling between spring soil moisture and the subsequent precipitation with an advanced research version of the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model. The results without assimilation show that extreme cold and dry land surface states during spring cause a large bias in the spatial pattern of summer precipitation over almost the entire TP. However, the experiments with indirect assimilation in spring show that the spatial pattern of summer precipitation improved significantly. This comparison emphasizes the importance of correcting the spring soil moisture during the freeze–thaw period to significantly adjust the heat and water vapour exchange between the land and atmosphere. Additionally, changes in the circulation of the subtropical–tropical jet, vertical ascent, and region‐related moisture recycling can support an active convection environment over the eastern TP, thereby increasing summer precipitation. Furthermore, the pattern shift in water vapour convergence in summer highlights the regional horizontal transportation of water vapour. The differences between experiments with and without deep‐soil temperature nudging illustrate the significance of soil temperature in soil moisture simulation in the freeze–thaw process. More so, the deep‐soil temperature nudging scheme requires in‐depth studies to correct its variation and quantify its degree of impact on soil moisture.
Techniques for improving speech intelligibility and spatial perception in users of bilateral cochlear implants

Cochlear implants (CIs) have achieved remarkable success in rehabilitating severe-to-profound hearing loss and bilateral implantation, that is the implantation of one device in each ear, is becoming increasingly common. Usually, the two devices are not connected and function entirely independently of one another. In establishing a binaural link between the two devices, therefore providing synchronized stimulation across both ears and aiming at replacing or supporting lost binaural auditory function, lies great potential for the improvement of future CI systems. This thesis evaluates the improvement in speech intelligibility in noisy listening environments, obtainable by noise reduction algorithms which exploit a binaural link between two CI devices. Additionally, the ability of bilateral CI listeners to process interaural time differences (ITDs) is examined. This research lays the groundwork for providing improved binaural stimulation with the goal of enabling better spatial perception.
Rate of clinically significant prostate cancer on repeated biopsy after a diagnosis of atypical small acinar proliferation

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend repeat biopsy within 3-6 months for the diagnosis of atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) on prostate biopsy. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the rate of progression of ASAP to clinically significant prostate cancer on repeat biopsy specimens and determine prognostic factors associated with progression. Patients and Methods: In a retrospective study we reviewed data of patients who had a prostate biopsy in our institution from March 2014 to March 2018. Gleason grade group (GGG) was conducted for pathology reporting. Logistic regression analysis was conducted for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 981 patients were identified of which 117 (12%) of them had a diagnosis of ASAP on their index biopsy. Out of these 16 (14%) patients underwent re-biopsy. Baseline clinicopathologic factors included a median age of 61 years, median pre-biopsy prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 6.75 ng/mL and a mode of 1 core with ASAP. Median time interval between index and repeat biopsy was 10.5 months. The results of repeat biopsies were distributed across GGG system as follows; 12(75%) benign, 2 (12.5%) GG1, 1 (6.25%) GG2, and 1 (6.25%). We found no association between age, pre-biopsy PSA, and number of cores with ASAP, and progression of ASAP to clinically significant prostate cancer. Conclusion: Our study showed that patients with a diagnosis of ASAP are more likely to have a benign pathology on repeat biopsy. This finding supports previous studies regarding rethinking current guidelines for utility of repeat biopsy in patients with the diagnosis of ASAP.
Comparative Cytomorphometric Study of Exfoliated Squamous Buccal Cells among Patients with Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Healthy Individuals in Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

Introduction: Cytology is a fast, simple, non invasive, and bloodless procedure. Cytology can be useful in cases where biopsy is contraindicated or not needed, such as in systemically compromised patients, inaccessible areas, recurrent malignancies and mass screening. The most common nutritional disorder in the world is iron deficiency and it is more prevalent in India. Exfoliative cytology is becoming increasingly recognized as a standard technique for screening oral pathologies like anaemia. Aim: To compare the Nucleus Diameters (ND), the Cytoplasmic Diameters (CD), and the Nucleus/Cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) in cytological buccal smears of iron deficiency anaemic patients and with normal healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: The case-control study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, G.G hospital connected MP Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India, from August 2013 to February 2016, which included 50 healthy individuals and 50 clinically diagnosed patients of iron deficiency anaemia. Exfoliated buccal smears stained with routine Haematoxyline and Eosin staining technique. With the use of ocular micrometer, CD, ND and N/C ratio were calculated. All the parameters were statistically evaluated by using Student t-test. Results: The mean value of nuclear diameter 11.34±0.58 μm and N/C ratio (0.24±0.02) of buccal mucosa was greater while cytoplasmic diameter 46.57±2.03 μm was lesser in iron deficiency anaemia when compared with healthy individuals. A significant difference was not found when comparing different age groups, as well as male versus female cases and male versus female controls. Comparing cases and controls by gender, however produced significant statistical results. Conclusion: Statistically significant difference was found between iron deficiency anaemia patients and normal healthy individuals regarding changes in various parameters of buccal squamous cells. In the case of iron deficiency anaemia, oral exfoliative cytological techniques could be used as an alternative non invasive diagnostic tool.
Regression‐based normative data for the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test in Norwegian and Swedish adults aged 49–79 and comparison with published norms

Abstract Objective : The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) is a widely used measure of episodic verbal memory. To our knowledge, culturally adapted and demographically adjusted norms for the RAVLT are currently not available for Norwegian and Swedish adults, and imported North American norms are often used. We here develop regression-based norms for Norwegian and Swedish adults and compare our norms to North American norms in an independent sample of cognitively healthy adults. Method : Participants were 244 healthy adults from Norway and Sweden between the aged 49 and 79 years, with between 6 and 24 years of education. Using a multiple multivariate regression-based norming procedure, we estimated effects of age, sex, and years of education on basic and derived RAVLT test scores. The newly developed norms were assessed in an independent comparison group of cognitively healthy adults (n = 145) and compared to recently published North American regression-based norms. Results : Lower age, female sex and more years of education predicted higher performance on the RAVLT. The new norms adequately adjusted for age, education, and sex in the independent comparison group. The American norms corrected for demographics on all RAVLT trials except trials 4, 7, list B, and trials 1–5 total. Test-retest (M = 2.55 years) reliability varied from poor to good. Conclusion : We propose regression-based norms for the RAVLT adjusting for pertinent demographics. The norms may be used for assessment of Norwegian and Swedish adults between the aged of 49 and 79 years, with between 6 and 24 years of education.
Hodgkin lymphoma novel management; A 20-year retrospective study

Introduction: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the pediatric and adult cancers, with the treatment of chemotherapy alone or combined with radiotherapy. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the consequences and outcomes of the treatment with or without radiotherapy in a retrospective study. Patients and Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional retrospective study by referring and reviewing records for all patients admitted to Motahari hospital with HL diagnosis from 1995 to 2016. The Ann Arbor staging system classified the staging of disease. Results: Totally, 35 patients enrolled in our study that 54.3% were female, and 45.7% were male patients. The mean age of patients was 10.08±6.38 years. 10 (28.6%) cases classified in stage 1, 13 (37.1%) case in stage 2, 9 (25.7%) cases in stage 3, and 3 (8.6%) cases in stage 4. 30 patients (85.7%) were treated by chemotherapy and 5 (14.3%) patients with chemotherapy and radiation combination. In our study, the overall survival was 97.1% of patients treated with chemotherapy alone, and one patient died due to drug side effects. That is comparable with other studies that treated patients with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion: According to our findings, chemotherapy without radiotherapy as initial treatment in HL would have similar results to concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, so considering the cost and harms of radiotherapy, we suggest a limitation of radiotherapy to patients with resistant diseases that do not respond to chemotherapy solo-protocols.
Terahertz spectroscopy of magnetic metal oxides

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences School of Physics Doctor of Philosophy Terahertz spectroscopy of magnetic metal oxides by Evan Constable The optical excitation and control of spins in magnetic materials promises new avenues for devices that couple photonic and spintronic functionality, with the prospects of a new paradigm in information processing. An understanding of the behaviour of the magnetic interactions in candidate materials is essential to the design of devices that exhibit these desirable properties. Terahertz radiation presents an ideal medium for the study of spin dynamics in magnetic materials. Its low energy in the meV range is equivalent to the many weak magnetic coupling mechanisms present. Terahertz radiation is therefore also complementary to established methods that probe these mechanisms such as inelastic neutron scattering and magnetometry. The electromagnetic nature of terahertz radiation means that the magnetic field component can couple directly to the ordered spin moments. Furthermore, the electric field component may interact with lattice coupled magneto-electric excitations. The metal oxides, which combine magnetic super-exchange, strongly correlated electrons and low symmetry crystalline environments, are good candidates for technological applications invoking these interactions. This is because they often feature exploitable properties such as antiferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, semiconducting behaviour and magneto-electric coupling. They are also typically insulating allowing for terahertz transmission investigations. In this thesis terahertz transmission spectroscopy is performed on a number of magnetic metal oxides as well as a non-magnetic semiconductor. Specifically, a non-magnetic semiconductor (ZnTe); a geometrically frustrated metamagnet (Cu3Bi(SeO3)2O2Cl); a canted antiferromagnet (NdFeO3) and a quantum spin ladder system (Sr14Cu24O41) are investigated. Collectively, the work establishes terahertz radiation as an e↵ective probe of material properties. The results reveal a diverse range of magnetic excitations, characterising their temperature and external magnetic field dynamics. The physical interactions probed are commented on regarding their relevance to the emerging field of spintronics.
Spectral Optimization to Minimize Light Absorbed by Artwork

ABSTRACT Light is needed to appreciate artwork, but visible radiation causes damage by photochemical action. Photons trigger photochemical action only when they are absorbed by the object. Damage to sensitive materials can be reduced by optimizing the spectrum of a light source to the reflectance factor of a museum artifact. Absorption minimization approaches can be utilized to quantify and optimize typically conflicting parameters, such as damage due to light absorption, color quality of artwork, and energy consumption. In this project, seven narrowband light emitting diodes (LEDs) are optimized using a multi-objective genetic algorithm to reduce light absorption and energy consumption, while maintaining the color appearance of five paints (blue, green, yellow, orange, red). Results indicate that optimized test spectra can reduce light absorption between 18% and 48%, without causing perceptible color or hue shifts in the paintings. Parallel to absorption, energy consumption is almost halved for all of the paints (between 42% and 48%). Optimizing the light source spectrum can aid in conservation of art collections in museums by reducing damage caused by optical radiation while preserving color fidelity.
Qualities of effective cruise marketing strategy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the qualities of delighted cruise travelling experience and proposed cruisers’ experience, service convenience and perceived overall value as the drivers of cruisers’ satisfaction and revisit intention. Thus, the attributes of an effective cruise-marketing strategy in formulating consumer’s recreational experiences are examined.Design/methodology/approachA total of 287 questionnaires were collected and structural equation modelling technique was used to analyse data obtained from cruise travellers.FindingsThe empirical results indicated that service convenience and cruisers’ experience significantly influence perceived overall cruisers’ satisfaction and revisit intention, whereas perceived overall cruise value influences perceived overall cruisers’ satisfaction but not cruisers’ revisit intention. Furthermore, empirical assessments support that service convenience is a higher-order model (reflective-reflective) consisting of decision convenience, access convenience, transaction convenience, benefit convenience and post-benefit convenience.Originality/valueThis research is among ongoing attempts that have been carried out regarding the qualities of cruise satisfaction and revisits intention and uncovers recreational experiences to propose an effective cruise-marketing strategy.
Filters design and characterization for LAD instrument onboard eXTP

The LAD (large area detector) instrument, onboard the Sino-European mission eXTP (enhanced x-ray timing and polarimetry), will perform single-photon, high-resolution timing and energy measurements, in the energy range 2 to 30 keV, with a large collecting area. Its silicon drift detectors need shielding from NIR/Vis/UV light by astrophysical sources and the bright Earth, to avoid performance degradation. Filters made of an Al coated thin polyimide (PI) membrane will guarantee the needed out-of-band rejection while offering high x-ray transparency. They will be placed between the detectors and the capillary plate plate collimators, open to the external environment. The mission is now in phase B2 and a baseline design for the filters was produced. We describe the filter design and modeling activity, and report the characterization performed so far on x-ray transmission, pinhole and defects, thermo-vacuum cycling endurance, and bright Earth optical load shielding properties.
Pengaruh Pengungkapan Sustainability Reporting Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Di Pasar Modal Pada Saat Pengumuman Indonesia Sustainability Reporting Award (Isra) (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan yang Memperoleh ISRA 2006-2010)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: menganalisis perbedaan rata-rata abnormal return dan trading volume activity sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman Indonesia Sustainability Reporting Award (ISRA) dan menganalisis pengaruh aspek ekonomi, lingkungan dan sosial yang merupakan indikator sustainability reporting terhadap kinerja perusahaan di pasar modal pada perusahaan yang memperoleh ISRA. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria perusahaan yang memperoleh penghargaan Indonesia Sustainability Reporting Award (ISRA) tahun 2006 – 2010 dan perusahaan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta (BEJ). Terdapat 49 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sampel penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji beda (t-test) dengan sampel berhubungan (paired samples t-test) dan menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat perbedaan rata-rata abnormal return yang signifikan, (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata trading volume activity, (3) aspek ekonomi berpengaruh terhadap abnormal return tetapi tidak signifikan, aspek sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap abnormal return, sedangkan aspek lingkungan tidak berpengaruh pada abnormal return, (4) masing-masing indikator sustainability reporting tidak berpengaruh terhadap trading volume activity. Kata Kunci: Sustainability Reporting, ISRA, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity
Meeting Belongingness Needs: An Inclusive Leadership Practitioner’s Approach

Problem Theoretical and practical frameworks delineating the individual and relational needs inherent to creating perceptions of belongingness in the workplace are absent in Human Resources Development (HRD) literature. For inclusive leadership practitioners, the literature itself lacks direct mentioning of belonging, causing the awareness around the concept to be problematic. Without a clear understanding of factors that influence perceptions of belonging, leaders lack direction in building inclusive workplaces and reaping the beneficial business outcomes these have the potential to bring, including increased employee engagement, performance, and innovation. Solution The Individual and Relational Belongingness (IRB) model is introduced to explore and define the unique needs that are vital for individual to perceive a sense of belongingness in the workplace across individual, relational, personal, and organizational dimensions. Stakeholders Organizational and Human Resources Development scholar practitioners benefit from understanding the nuanced and complex needs that drive perceptions of belongingness, since these bring additional context to the scholarship and practice of inclusive leadership.
The Role Of Technology In Era 5.0 In The Development Of Arabic Language In The World Of Education

Along with the development of the times, the world is currently entering the 5.0 era, which means that all must be prepared for technology in this era, including the Indonesian education system. And this research focuses on the role of technology in era 5.0 on the development of the Arabic language in education. The type of research conducted is library research which is processed qualitatively. The primary data sources in this research are international journals. The secondary data sources in this study were books and national journals related to technology in the 5.0 era and those related to learning Arabic. The results of this study explain how important the role of technology in era 5.0 in learning Arabic is because Arabic is often categorized as a lesson that is considered difficult to understand, and in the learning process, it is often considered boring because of the rigidity of the Arabic learning process with technology that follows developments. The times will make it easier for educators and students and will also attract students' interest in carrying out the learning process, especially in learning Arabic.
Impact of Perceived Social Responsibility on Consumers' Green Perception and Green Behavior: The Moderating Role of Personality Traits

Green behavior plays an essential role in the continuation of human life. This study aimed to investigate the effect of perceived social responsibility on green perception and behavior. The study was conducted using quantitative methods, sampling a questionnaire to 450 customers of various one-chain store branches in Iran through convenience sampling. The study was conducted from 16 May 2018 through 20 June 2018. Data from the moderating bootstrap analysis was used in PROCESS to analyze the data. The results indicated significant, positive correlations between social responsibility, on the one hand, and green perception and consumers' green behavior, on the other hand. In terms of strength, the coefficients indicated moderate relationships (r=0.345 and r=0.288, respectively). Indirect effects were studied using Macro bootstrap. It was revealed that green perception (β=0.0652) predicts consumers' green behavior and is a moderating variable. Additionally, the moderating impacts of extroversion and openness in the relationship between consumers' green perception and green behavior were identified. According to the research, in addition to increasing social responsibility, companies should try to increase customers' perception of this behavior to help green consumption.
Stroke volume versus stroke volume variations as guidance for fluid therapy in major abdominal surgery

Background: The aim of the present study was for comparison of stroke volume versus stroke volume variations as guidance for fluid management under guide directions of electrical cardiometry, during major abdominal surgeries. The primary outcome was to compare between two fluid infusion protocols, regarding the haemodynamic changes, whereas secondary outcomes were to evaluate the impact of each protocol on extravascular lung water and oxygenation changes in the post-operative periods, study the effect of each of the adopted method on postoperative complications, incidence of acute kidney injury and intensive care unit staying duration. Settings and Design: This study was a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods: The study was carried out on 60 patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery. 30 patients, whose intraoperative fluid administration was managed by stroke volume optimization, were compared with 30 patients who received intraoperative fluid therapy guided by stroke volume variation optimization. Results: There was no difference regarding haemodynamic changes in terms of mean heart rate, mean blood pressure, stroke volume, stroke volume variation, and cardiac index. The first group showed a significant incidence of postoperative pulmonary edema which affected oxygentation process till 24 hours postoperatively.