Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Movement of fish between a river and its backwater: diel activity and relation to environmental gradients

– Movements of fish, in particular roach Rutilus rutilus, perch Perca fluviatilis, rudd Scardinius erythrophthalmus, bleak Alburnus alburnus and chub Leuciscus cephalus (age ≥ 1+) in relation to environmental variables were examined between the River Morava, Czech Republic, and a rehabilitated former meander. Data were taken over seven 24-h periods in April–June 1997 using two back-to-back traps. Of 170 fish captured, 70% moved from the backwater to the river. Diel activity differed between sampling dates, but overall bleak, roach and chub moved mainly between dusk and dawn, whereas perch moved throughout most of the day. Rudd showed bi-modal (mid-day, midnight) activity. However, avoidance behaviour could have biased results for species known to be wary of traps. Water level changes, temperature and illumination were among the main environmental factors influencing fish movement, along with spawning migrations relevant for most species. In all specimens, over 65% individuals captured were ready to spawn. Most of them, except for perch, were moving out of the backwater towards the river.
Biotypic Variation in a Worldwide Collection of Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Eight isolates of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), from a worldwide collection were evaluated on resistant and susceptible barley, triticale, and wheat entries. Aphid population levels and damage ratings for leaf chlorosis, plant stunting, and leaf rolling were used to determine ifbiotypic variation occurs within this species. Overall, percentage leaf chlorosis was the best criterion for detecting biotypic variation in D. noxia on cereals; however, the differing mechanisms of resistance expressed by these cereals makes it important to consider other plant and insect factors. Each plant entry responded differently to the D. noxia isolates. Seven of the eight aphid isolates had unique virulence profiles across entries indicating a high degree ofbiotypic diversity. Moreover, isolates differed biotypically in countries where more than one isolate was collected (France and former USSR). An isolate from the former USSR was the most virulent, whereas an isolate from Turkey was the least virulent across all plant entries. Discriminant analysis showed that the U.S. isolate was most similar to a French isolate. The entries that performed best against the D. loxia collection were the resistant triticales PI 386148 and PI 386156 and the resistant barley PI 366450. However, resistant plant germplasm will have geographical limits because of biotypic variation in D. noxia .
INFLUENCE OF PLOUGHING DEPTH, PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER LEVEL AND THINNING DATE ON SUGAR BEET PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY

This investigation was conducted at El-Manyal Village, Talkha District, Dakahlia Governorate, during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons to study the effect of ploughing depth (0.0, 10, 20 and 30 cm), phosphorus fertilizer levels (0.0, 15.5 and 31.0 kg P2O5/fad) and thinning dates (at 20, 30 and 40 days after sowing) on productivity and quality of sugar beet "variety Kawemira". A split-plot design with four replicates was used for each ploughing depth during the two seasons (each ploughing depth was considered as a separate experiment). The main results of this investigation could be summarized as follows: 1- Increasing ploughing depths from 0.0 up to 30 cm significantly increased root fresh weight, root length, total soluble solids percentage (TSS %) as well as root and sugar yields/faddan. On the other hand, it significantly decreased root juice purity percentage in both seasons. 2- Increasing phosphorus fertilizer levels from 0.0 to 15.5 and 31.0 kg P2O5/fad, significantly increased all studied characters in both seasons. 3- Delaying thinning dates from 20 to 30 and 40 days after sowing markedly decreased all studied characters, except root diameter in both seasons. 4- The interactions among studied factors showed insignificant effects, except for the effect of the interaction between ploughing depth and phosphors fertilizer levels on root length in the first season and sugar yield/fad in the second season. Increasing ploughing depth to be 30 cm, adding 31.0 kg P2O5/fad and thinning at the age of 20 days was the suitable recommendation to maximize sugar beet root yield and quality under the environmental conditions of Dakahlia Governorate.
General Properties of Phytase Produced by Fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. BUN1

Jaie Soon ChoDepartment of Animal Sciences & Environment, College of Animal Bioscience & Technology, Konkuk University,1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea요 약우사주변 경작지 토양으로부터 세포내 파이테이즈(phytase) 생산능력이 우수한 Fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. BUN1 세균성 균주를 분리, 동정하였다. 그 균주로부터 유래한 BUN1 파이테이즈(phytase) 효소를 각각 양이온, 음이온 크로마토그래피 기법을 이용하여 부분정제하여 효소적 특성을 규명한 결과, 각각 40℃와 pH 5. 5에서 최적의 효소활성을 나타내었다. BUN1 파이테이즈(phytase)는 효소의 기질특이성 측면에서 다른 유기인산화합물에 비해 특히 피틴태인(phytate)의 분해이용성이 매우 우수한 반면, 구리(Cu
ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN AND MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE INDEX OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA URINE ISOLATES FROM A UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL

Urine samples submitted to the Medical Microbiology diagnostic laboratory of the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, were routinely screened for Pseudomonas aeruginosa over a three-month period with 13/150 (8.67%) of the pathogenic bacteria isolated positively identified. All the isolates were resistant to the cheap, commonly available antibiotics; rifampicin, ampicillin/cloxacillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and ampicillin but were uniformly susceptible to ciprofloxacin. The high prevalence of multidrug resistance indicates a serious need for broad-based, local antimicrobial resistance surveillance for continuous tracking of antibiotic resistance trends among all clinically relevant isolates and introduction of effective interventions to reduce multidrug resistance in such pathogens. Key Words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa , antibiotic susceptibility, multiple antibiotic resistance, urinary tract infection Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. 2004; 5(2): 198 – 202.
Adición de polímeros superabsorbentes en el medio de crecimiento para la producción de plantines de pimiento

Water-storing synthetic polymers (soil additives designed to improve plant establishment and growth in arid environments) has been shown to improve the growth of horticultural plants. Previous research has shown that synthetic polymers are useful when added to low nutrient-holding and water-retaining growing media. There are three groups of polymers used in these applications, some of them added with nutrients and growth starters. A propenamide-propeonate co-polymer was added to substrates containing different levels of compost to evaluate its advantages in pepper transplant production. We evaluated growth patterns and quality traits of pepper seedlings, grown on three peat-based growing media. Seedlings earliness, uniformity and size were improved by polymer addition, especially to low compost substrates. Shoot:root/ratio was not improved by polymer addition but by substrate characteristics. Growth rate was more dependent on leaf area development than on assimilation rate. Seedlings quality traits tended to be improved by polymer addition. One explanation for polymer-treated substrate performance seems to be that nutrients held within the matrix of the polymer are less prone to leaching.
Eletrocardiografia computadorizada em cães

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar e comparar os registros eletrocardiograficos de caes clinicamente normais, obtidos pelos metodos convencional, computadorizado e pela leitura direta do registro computadorizado impresso, visando padronizar o metodo informatizado e confronta-lo com o convencional. Concluiu-se que existem diferencas quanto a amplitude e duracao da onda P e duracao do complexo QRS entre diferentes metodos, especialmente em relacao ao computadorizado, devendo-se sempre levar em consideracao esse fato durante a interpretacao dos exames.
Brucellosis in camels

Abstract Sera from 480 camels of both sexes in the Sahel savannah of Nigeria were tested for antibodies to brucellosis, using the microtitre serum agglutination test with Brucella abortus antigen. The overall incidence of positive titres (titres greater than 1·1) was 7·5%. Brucella antibodies were almost as frequent in males (7%) as females (8·3%). Camel meat and milk is increasingly important as a source of protein for the human population in the region. This study highlights the potential importance of brucellosis for public health and measures are suggested for a national brucellosis control.
Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Birds in Deciduous Forests in Japan

Abstract: Although migratory forest birds have declined at many sites in Japan, the negative effect of forest fragmentation on bird populations has not been intensively studied. We sought to ( 1 ) determine whether there are particular bird species or groups of species that are sensitive to the area and isolation of forests in Japan and ( 2 ) compare the types of species that are area‐sensitive in Japan, Western Europe, and eastern North America. We estimated the abundance of breeding birds by using the fixed‐radius, point‐count method in 53 deciduous forests ( 1–5045 ha ) in southern Hokkaido. Forest area was positively related to the abundance ( average number of individuals per survey plot ) and species richness ( average number of species per survey plot ) of forest‐interior birds and was negatively related to the abundance and species richness of forest‐edge birds. As in eastern North America, forest area was the best predictor of the abundance of several species of forest birds. Also, some species were restricted to large forests, with minimum areas larger than expected by chance. Forest area was not significantly related to the total abundance of tropical migrants, but five of the nine potentially area‐sensitive species were tropical migrants. Jungle Crows ( Corvus macrorhynchos ), which are nest predators, were more abundant in small forests than in large forests, but Oriental Cuckoos ( Cuculus saturatus ), which were the most common brood parasites, were more abundant in large forests. To conserve area‐sensitive species in deciduous forests in northern Japan, it will be necessary to preserve large areas of contiguous forest and monitor the effect of predators on nest success.
Rooting Nodes of Deep Roots in Rice and Maize Grown in a Long Tube

SummaryPenetration of the roots deep into soil layer (deep roots) may alleviate growth inhibition under various soil stress conditions. In this study, the nodes from which deep roots had emerged were examined at the heading stage in rice and maize grown in a 2 m long tube. The effect of soil mechanical stress on the rooting nodes of deep roots was also examined. The roots that emerged in a relatively early growth stage, that is, the roots from coleoptilar, 1st and 2nd node in rice, and the seminal root and roots from the coleoptilar, 1st and 2nd nodes in maize, penetrated into the deep soil layer. The node which produced the highest number of deep roots was the 1st node in rice and the coleoptilar node in maize. Seminal root of rice and seminal adventitious roots of maize did not penetrate into the deep soil layer although they emerged at an early growth stage. In the rice root system, the nodal roots, emerged from the upper portion of the node, tended to penetrate deeper than the nodal roots emerged from.
Biomass accumulation and chemical composition of massai grass intercropped with forage legumes on an integrated crop-livestock-forest system.

The objective was to evaluate the use of woody legumes (Albizia lebbeck, Cratylia argentea, Dipteryx Allata (Baru), a Leucaena hybrid (L. leucocephala + L. diversifolia), and Leucaena leucocephalacv. Cunningham) and herbaceous legumes (Arachis pintoi) intercropped with Panicum maximum cv. Massai, simultaneously implanted in a maize crop. The study made use of a randomized block experimental design with four replications. Assessments of biomass accumulation and forage nutritional value were made after the maize harvest, between June 2008 and October 2010. It was found that the residues of maize provided better growing conditions for Massai grass during the dry season. L. leucocephala cv. Cunningham and the Leucaena hybrid had the highest accumulation of all forage legumes evaluated, and provided the best nutritional value of all the arrangements tested. Of all woody legumes tested in this system, Leucaena was considered feasible for intercropping with Massai grass. The intercrop of perennial woody Baru with maize is not recommended. Albizia lebbeck and Cratylia argentea require further study, especially the yield assessment at different cutting intervals and cutting heights. Arachis pintoi had a low participation in the intercropping, showing greater performance over time, indicating slow thriving in this experimental condition.
Variation in structural attributes of patch-forming corals and in patterns of abundance of associated fishes

There is increasing evidence that some of the spatial variation in characteristics of local assemblages of reef fish can be explained by variation in measurable features of the habitat. At Moorea, French Polynesia, several species of the coral genus Porites form patch reefs and provide an important source of habitat structure within the lagoons. One species, Porites rus, forms structurally complex patch reefs with surface branches and numerous holes and interior cavities. In contrast, reefs composed of colonies of Porites lobata-like species are less complex; they always lack branches and interior cavities and frequently lack holes. Surveys of these reefs revealed that, as expected, abundance and species richness of fish scaled with the size of the patch reef. However, for a given size, P. rus reefs had significantly higher species richness and overall abundance than P. lobata reefs. Further, abundances of fish, at the family level, varied among sets of reefs that had different combinations of key shelter microhabitats (i.e. holes, cavities, branches). This variation in relative abundances of fish families was predictable based on the microhabitat-use patterns of the fish; the greater the utilization of a microhabitat when available, the greater the difference in abundance between those reefs and others that lacked that microhabitat. Thus, spatial variation in the structure of the fish assemblages was strongly associated with variation among the types of patch-forming corals in the variety of microhabitat features each provided.
Effects of Fall Irrigation on Morphology and Root Growth Potential of Loblolly Pine Seedlings Growing in Sand

SYNOPSIS Two studies (conducted in 1984 and 1985) tested the effects of irrigation during mid-September to mid-November on the morphology and root growth potential (RGP) of 1-0 bare-root loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings. For both studies, fall irrigation (131 to 146 mm) increased height, root-collar diameter, shoot weight and root weight of seedlings growing in sand. Shoot-root ratios were not significantly affected by the irrigation treatment. Irrigating in the fall did not reduce RGP of seedlings lifted in early winter (both treatments averaged more than 70 new roots per seedling). However, root-collar diameter and root dry weight were correlated with RGP.
Comparative Efficacy of Different Triazole Compounds as NaCl Stress Protectants in Kinnow Budded on Salt Susceptible Rootstock Jatti Khatti

One-and-a-half-year-old Kinnow plants budded on Jatti Khatti were treated with different triazole compounds in the presence or absence of NaCl. All of the NaCl damage symptoms were alleviated by the triazoles. The maximum improvement in leaf weight ratio (LWR) (40.9%), membrane stability index (MSI) (1.2-fold), and relative water content (RWC) (1.1-fold) was found in paclobutrazol (PBZ)-treated plants in the presence of NaCl. Furthermore, hexaconazole (HEX) and PBZ plants had lower accumulation of Na+ in leaves while less Cl− content and maximum K+ content in leaf tissues were found in PBZ-treated plants under NaCl stress condition. Thus, PBZ and/or triazole (TRZ) could be used as a potential tool to enhance salinity stress tolerance in Kinnow budded on Jatti Khatti.
Hydrological change in lakes inferred from midge assemblages through use of an intralake calibration set

Midge (Insecta: Diptera: Nematocera) assemblages were examined in surface sediment samples from Lake Pieni-Kauro and the Saavanjoki River, eastern Finland, using their sedimentary remains. The aim was first to identify the forcing factors behind midge distribution within an aquatic ecosystem and second to develop new midge-based calibration models for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions, with a special focus on paleohydrology. The third objective was to apply the models to a midge stratigraphy. The effect of sampling-point selection in paleolimnological studies and its possible influence on chironomid-inferred temperature reconstructions was also assessed. The species assemblages in Lake Pieni-Kauro showed high levels of heterogeneity within the surface sediment samples, signifying that the assemblages predominantly incorporate locally dwelling fauna, instead of integrating remains from a larger area. Stream flow and water depth were the most important factors explaining the midge distribu.
Late-winter activity patterns of moose (Alces alces gigas) in western Alaska

Activity patterns of free-ranging moose (Alces alces gigas) on the central Seward Peninsula were polyphasic but not highly synchronized among individuals from March through May 1987. Female–calf pairs, however, showed nearly identical activity patterns (92.6% of 2353 five-minute scans). Based on data collected between 06:00 and 24:00, we estimate that moose exhibit ~5 or 6 active bouts per 24-h period. Our direct observations of moose (980 moose-h) showed that moose were active 57.2% of the time from 06:00 to 24:00. Inactive bouts lasted ~2.5 times longer than active bouts. Calves tended to lie for longer than adult females (143.1 ± 15.5 min) or males (109.0 ± 17.9 min). Time budgets for moose in late winter were intermediate between values reported in previous studies for moose in midwinter and late spring. Our data showed that moose spend much more time walking (8%) than previously reported. We think this reflects their use of the snow-packed river and gravel bars as movement and feeding corridors. Dire.
Amyloid β protein is internalized selectively by hippocampal field CA1 and causes neurons to accumulate amyloidogenic carboxyterminal fragments of the amyloid precursor protein

A critical issue concerning Alzheimer's disease is its selectivity, which leads to cellular degeneration in certain brain areas but not in others, and whether this pathogenic selectivity involves products of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Here, we show that the amyloid β protein Aβ1–42 is accumulated gradually and is retained intact by field CA1, but not by other subdivisions, of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. In contrast, the slightly shorter Aβ1–40 peptide was not sequestered selectively. Sequestration of Aβ1–42 was followed by the build‐up of carboxyterminal fragments of the endogenous precursor protein that were identified by immunoprecipitation. Unlike the peptide uptake, this induction appeared to be stochastic at the cellular level. In addition, the APP fragments were distributed more broadly within the CA1 pyramidal neurons than the sequestered Aβ1–42, and they appeared to be localized to synaptic terminals in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and in the stratum lacunosum‐moleculare of the subfield CA3. Concentrations of synaptophysin, a presynaptic marker, decreased as the number of neurons producing amyloidogenic species increased. These results indicate that exogenous Aβ1–42 sets into motion a sequence that involves 1) selective uptake of the peptide by vulnerable cells at risk in Alzheimer's disease, 2) markedly enhanced production of amyloidogenic precursor material, and 3) slow deterioration of central synapses. J. Comp. Neurol. 397:139–147, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the combination of species cover values from different vegetation layers

Phytosociological releves consist of lists of species occurring on certain plots and their cover values in different vegetation layers. When combining the cover values of two layers into a unique value, the overlap between the layers must be taken into account. With two layers this can easily done by subtracting the product of the cover values from their sum. A general formula to estimate the combined cover for any number of layers, assuming independence of the layers, is presented. This is especially useful for large databases where rich data sets have to be compiled that were originally recorded from different numbers of vegetation layers.
Measuring dominance and diversity in ecological communities: choosing the right variables

Although there are many studies in searching for the most useful community diversity index, the importance of choosing an appropriate parameter has been neglected. Here, we examined dominance and diversity in early post- fire chaparral communities using different variables, i.e. plant density, cover and biomass. Significant different results were produced by applying different parameters and the difference may be caused by the inconsistency in density, cover, and biomass allocated in each life form. Among the three param- eters, biomass was most successful in detecting differences among communities because the apportionment of biomass among species was more variable than that of density. Although the three species variables represent different aspects of com- munity properties and their relative performance may vary among communities, we recommend the use of biomass or
Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms Associated with Marinated Anchovy (Engraulis anchoitd)

Abstract The aim of this paper was to study the microorganisms associated with cold marinated Engraulis anchoita. Raw anchovies had undergone different on-board handling treatments. Marinated anchovies were stored in 2% acetic acid or sunflower oil at 23°C for 4 months. The flora of stored, marinated anchovy was predominated by Lactobacillus spp. , specifically L. casei subsp. ca-sei and by Micrococcus spp. , specifically M. varians. Staphylococ-cus spp. , coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, molds and yeasts, Escheri-chia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Clostridia were not found in the marinated and stored anchovies. On-board handling of raw materials had no influence in flora development in the marinated products. Acidification selected for acid-tolerant bacterial species in marinated anchovies. After storage, the kind of filling used, did not influence the microflora.
Synonymy of Pseudomonas gladioli Severini 1913 and Pseudomonas marginata (McCulloch 1921) Stapp 1928

An appraisal of the relationship of Pseudomonas gladioli Severini 1913 and Pseudomonas marginata (McCulloch 1921) Stapp 1928 has been conducted on the basis of an examination of the properties of these species as described in the literature and of the properties of the “lectotype” strain of P. marginata. Examination of this strain (ATCC 10248), which was deposited in the ATCC by McCulloch under the name Pseudomonas marginata, indicates that the previous descriptions of P. marginata were incorrect in several instances, such as in capsule formation and fluorescence of the yellow pigment it produces. Because the corrected description of P. marginata is identical to the original description of P. gladioli, the two names are regarded as synonyms, with P. gladioli having priority. Strain ATCC 10248 (NCPPB 1891) is designated as the neotype strain of P. gladioli.