Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk stratification and outcomes of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with immune thrombocytopenia under 60 years of age

Abstract Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating complication of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, information on ICH in ITP patients under the age of 60 years is limited, and no predictive tools are available in clinical practice. A total of 93 adult patients with ITP who developed ICH before 60 years of age were retrospectively identified from 2005 to 2019 by 27 centers in China. For each case, 2 controls matched by the time of ITP diagnosis and the duration of ITP were provided by the same center. Multivariate analysis identified head trauma (OR = 3.216, 95%CI 1.296–7.979, P =.012), a platelet count ≤ 15,000/μL at the time of ITP diagnosis (OR = 1.679, 95%CI 1.044–2.698, P =.032) and severe/life-threatening bleeding (severe bleeding vs. mild bleeding, OR = 1.910, 95%CI 1.088–3.353, P =.024; life-threatening bleeding vs. mild bleeding, OR = 2.620, 95%CI 1.360–5.051, P =.004) as independent risk factors for ICH. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (OR = 5.191, 95%CI 1.717–15.692, P =.004) and a history of severe bleeding (OR = 4.322, 95%CI 1.532–12.198, P =.006) were associated with the 30-day outcome of ICH. These findings may facilitate ICH risk stratification and outcome prediction in patients with ITP.
Studies on the association of BF1/BF2 gene expression patterns with traits of genetic resistance to Marek's disease in chickens

The aim was try to clarify the association of BF1 and BF2 gene expression patterns with the traits of genetic resistance to Marek's disease (MD) in chickens. An MD-resistant line and a common line of Xiayan chickens were used in the experiment. The productions of mRNA of BF1 and BF2 and Marek's disease virus (MDV) gene, meq, were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR on different days post-infection (dpi) with virulent MDV in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). Results indicated that the MDV loads were lower in the MD-resistant line compared to the common line. The mRNA levels of BF1 were significantly lower and levels of BF2 higher in the MD-resistant line whereas levels of BF1 were significantly higher and levels of BF2 lower in the common line. The results demonstrated that the expression modes of BF1 and BF2 genes might be related to traits of genetic resistance to MD in the chicken.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Neurological Complication of Novel COVID-19 Infection

Introduction: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. Although the main clinical manifestation of COVID-19 is respiratory involvement, there is evidence suggesting the neuroinvasive potential of COVID-19. There are limited reports of neurological complications of COVID-19 infection in the literature. Herein, we aim to describe 2 members of a family affected by COVID-19, presenting with ascending paresthesia with the final diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Case Report: A 38-year-old man presented with a history of ascending paresthesia and bilateral facial droop since 5 days before admission. The medical history was positive for flu-like symptoms affecting all the members of his family. The neurological examination was notable for bilateral peripheral facial paralysis, generalized areflexia, and derceased sensation in distal limbs. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed an albuminocytologic dissociation. In addition, the electromyography-nerve conduction study findings were suggestive of acute axonal-demyelinating polyneuropathy. Meanwhile the patient was treated with a diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome, his 14-year-old daughter presented with a history of progressive paresthesia and weakness. Similar to her father, the paraclinical evaluations were consistent with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Taking into account clinical findings and the outbreak of COVID-19, the suspicion of COVID-19 was proposed. Eventually, on the basis of throat swab samples stand on polymerase chain reaction, the patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Conclusion: Our cases revealed the familial occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 infection. The authors emphasize neurological complications of COVID-19.
Childhood Viral Respiratory Infection and Congenital Heart Disease: Many Questions Remain Unanswered.

694 www.pccmjournal. org July 2020 • Volume 21 • Number 7 outcomes of transported critically ill children in the spirit of improving our care of this population. Transferring critically ill pediatric patients to a PICU may improve some outcomes, but the story does not end there. More work is needed to understand both the shortand longterm outcomes of this patient population, so that we can develop and modify systems of care to optimize outcomes for this fragile patient population.
Relative Performance of Strawberry Cultivars from California and other North American Sources in Fumigated and Nonfumigated Soils

Performance characteristics for eighteen strawberry cultivars ( Fragaria ×ananassa), nine from California and nine from other North American sources, were evaluated in annual hill culture, with and without preplant soil fumigation (2 methyl bromide : 1 chloropicrin, 392 kg·ha -1 ). Plants grown in nonfumigated soil yielded 57% and 46% of the fruit produced by plants on adjacent fumigated soil for cultivars from California and other North American origins, respectively. Plants in nonfumigated soils also developed fruit with lower berry weight (94% and 95% of fumigated trials) and smaller spring plant diameter (83% and 76%) for California and other sources, respectively. Trait values for exotic cultivars ranged from 39% to 80% of those for California cultivars, and the variance component due to germplasm sources explained 41% to 81% of the phenotypic variance of random effects in the experiment. Conversely, significant germplasm source × fumigation interactions were not detected for any of the growth or performance traits evaluated, and the proportion of variance attributable to these interactions was at most 2% of that due to germplasm source. These results demonstrate that strawberry growth and productivity for California and other North American germplasm sources are increased similarly by fumigation. Despite differing selection history, germplasm developed outside of California contains no obvious genetic diversity useful for developing cultivars specifically adapted to the sublethal effects of organisms in nonfumigated soils.
Enteroscopy in Crohn’s Disease: Are There Any Changes in Role or Outcomes Over Time? A KASID Multicenter Study

Background/Aims Although balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) enables endoscopic visualization of small bowel (SB) involvement in Crohn’s disease (CD), there is no data on the changes in outcomes over time. We therefore investigated the changes in BAE use on CD patients over different time periods in terms of its role and clinical outcomes. Methods We used a multicenter enteroscopy database to identify CD patients with SB involvement who underwent BAE (131 procedures, 116 patients). We compared BAE-related factors and outcomes between the ﬁrst period (70 procedures, 60 patients) and the second period (61 procedures, 56 patients). The speciﬁc cutoff point for dividing the two periods was 2007, when BAE guidelines were introduced. Results Initial diagnosis of SB involvement in CD was the most common indication for BAE during each period (50.0% vs 31.1%, p=0.034). The largest change was in the number of BAE uses for stricture evaluation and/or treatment, which increased significantly in the latter period (2.9% vs 21.3%, p=0.002). The diagnostic yield in patients with suspected CD was 90.7% in the ﬁrst period and 95.0% in the second (p=0.695). More endoscopic interventions were performed in the second period than in the ﬁrst (5.1% vs 17.6%, p=0.041). Enteroscopic success rates were high throughout (100% in the first period vs 80.0% in the second period, p>0.999). In the first and second periods, therapeutic plans were adjusted in 62.7% and 61.4% of patients, respectively. Conclusions The overall clinical indications, outcomes, and effectiveness of BAE were constant over time in CD patients with SB involvement, with the exception that the frequency of enteroscopic intervention increased remarkably. (Gut Liver 2021;15-382)
INFLUENCE OF AGE, STIMULATION BY PMSG OR FLUSHING ON THE OVARIAN RESPONSE TO LHRHa IN YOUNG RABBIT FEMALES.

Fifty young Californian rabbit females have been used to study the effect of age (14 or 17 weeks) and ovarian stimulation (nutritional flushing or PMSG) on the ovarian response to LHRHa injection. Stimulation by nutritional flushing showed, in the 14 and 17 week-old animals, a positive effect on live weight after 8 days, ovulation rate was satisfactory in females aged 17 weeks but not in the 14 week-old group, nevertheless 14 weeks old does showed an increase in the number of follicles larger than 0.6 mm (P<0.05). Stimulation by PMSG (100 IU) provoked a six folds increase in the number of follicles larger than 0.6 mm (90.6 vs 15.1; P<0.001), but failed to in crease the proportion of ovulating females, thus suggesting that a too high dose had been used. These results indicate that introduction of rabbit females to reproduction can be advanced to 17 week-old, provided that previous ovarian stimulation by nutritional flushing is done.
Evolution of zygomorphy in monocot flowers: iterative patterns and developmental constraints

Contents Summary 25 I. Introduction 28 II. Background 27 III. Asparagales 28 IV. Commelinids: ZHC clade 29 V. Commelinids: Poales 32 VI. Conceptual transitions among floral forms revisited 34 VII. Examples from monocot flowers 37 VIII. Specific cases of ontogenetic transitions between contrasting floral morphs 39 IX. Conclusions 40 Acknowledgements 42 References 42 Summary Here we explore morphological transitions among monocot flowers and discuss them in terms of modification of existing structures. Monocot flowers are typically arranged in five whorls (carpels, inner and outer stamens, inner and outer tepals), and are radially symmetrical, constructed around a 3-fold axis of rotational symmetry that delineates three planes of bilateral symmetry. Differential development of one or two of the three organs within a whorl inevitably emphasizes one plane of symmetry, by eliminating the other planes, rendering the whorl zygomorphic. Zygomorphy (monosymmetry) has evolved more than once in monocotyledons. Stamen suppression is a widespread aspect of zygomorphy and conforms to two broad categories of pattern. In the more frequent Pattern 1, 1–3(−5) adaxial stamens (both inner and outer) are either reduced in size or entirely suppressed. Pattern 2 involves loss, reduction or modification of at least the outer abaxial stamen. Pattern 2 often characterizes groups that are phylogenetically embedded within Pattern 1 clades, perhaps indicating that this pattern results from loss of function or overexpression of the same genes involved in establishment of Pattern 1. Heterotopy has been an important evolutionary phenomenon among Zingiberales (some stamens becoming petaloid) and perhaps grasses (petals possibly becoming sepaloid). Heterochrony is the most frequent cause of more subtle changes in the degree of bilateral symmetry shown by monocot flowers by enhancing (peramorphosis) or retarding (paedomorphosis) individual organs within specific whorls.
The chemical composition and nutritive value of grass silages prepared with no additive or with the application of additives containing either Lactobacillus plantarum or formic acid

A mixture of perennial and hybrid ryegrasses(234 g DM kg-1) was forage harvested and ensiled after a 24-h wilt in good ensiling conditions in 2-t capacity silos with no additive application (control) or with the application of either Lactobacillus plantarum, 4 × 106 (g fresh weight of grass)-1, or of 31 formic acid t-1. Sufficient 2-kg capacity laboratory silos were also filled with grass to monitor the changes in chemical composition of the ensiled grass with time. In laboratory silos, inoculation with L. plantarum resulted in a more rapid fall in silage pH (p < 0.001) and a more rapid production of lactic acid (P < 0.001) than in the control silage. At the end of the storage period (laboratory silos, 80 d; 2-t silos, 200-300 d), the inoculated silos had lower pH (p ammonia-N (g kg N1) and acetic acid contents (p < 0.01) and higher water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), lactic acid (P<00.1) and ethanol (p < 0.05) contents than the control silage. The formic acid-treated silage had significantly lower contents of ammonia-N (g kg N-1, p < 0.05), acetic and tactic acids (p<0.01) and higher contents of WSC and ethanol (p < 0.01) than the control silage. When fed to wether sheep, the digestibilities of DM, organic matter and gross energy were not altered by additive treatment. The digestibility of modified acid-detergent fibre was lower for both the inoculated (P < 0.01) and formic acid-treated silages (p < 0.05). However, N retention was improved (p < 0.05) by both additive treatments. Silage intake was improved (p < 0.01) by additive treatment from 53.4 (control) to 58.0 (inoculated) and 60.4 (formic acid) g DM (kg live weight0.75)-1d-1.
Towards sentiment aided dialogue policy learning for multi-intent conversations using hierarchical reinforcement learning

Purpose Developing a Dialogue/Virtual Agent (VA) that can handle complex tasks (need) of the user pertaining to multiple intents of a domain is challenging as it requires the agent to simultaneously deal with multiple subtasks. However, majority of these end-to-end dialogue systems incorporate only user semantics as inputs in the learning process and ignore other useful user behavior and information. Sentiment of the user at the time of conversation plays an important role in securing maximum user gratification. So, incorporating sentiment of the user during the policy learning becomes even more crucial, more so when serving composite tasks of the user. Methodology As a first step towards enabling the development of sentiment aided VA for multi-intent conversations, this paper proposes a new dataset, annotated with its corresponding intents, slot and sentiment (considering the entire dialogue history) labels, named SentiVA, collected from open-sourced dialogue datasets. In order to integrate these multiple aspects, a Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) specifically options based VA is proposed to learn strategies for managing multi-intent conversations. Along with task success based immediate rewards, sentiment based immediate rewards are also incorporated in the hierarchical value functions to make the VA user adaptive. Findings Empirically, the paper shows that task based and sentiment based immediate rewards cumulatively are required to ensure successful task completion and attain maximum user satisfaction in a multi-intent scenario instead of any of these rewards alone. Practical implications The eventual evaluators and consumers of dialogue systems are users. Thus, to ensure a fulfilling conversational experience involving maximum user satisfaction requires VA to consider user sentiment at every time-step in its decision making policy. Originality This work is the first attempt in incorporating sentiment based rewards in the HRL framework.
Effects of the application of vermicompost and nitrogen fixing bacteria on quantity and quality of the essential oil in dill (Anethum graveolens)

The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of vermicompost and nitrogen fixing bacteria on the quantity and quality of essential oil in dill essential oil content in seed, essential oil yield and carvone content, limonene content and dillapiole content in essential oil. The experiment was carried out at the Hamand Research Station of Damavand in 2011. Vermicompost (0, 4, 8 and 12 ton/ha) and nitrogen fixing bacteria, mixture of Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum lipoferum (non-inoculated, inoculated seeds and inoculated seeds + spray on the plant base at stem elongation stage) were used as the effecting parameters. The present results have shown that the highest essential oil content in seed and carvone content in essential oil and the minimum dillapiole content in essential oil were obtained after applying 4 ton/ha vermicompost. The maximum essential oil yield was obtained after applying 8 ton/ha vermicompost. Nitrogen fixing bacteria also showed significant effects on essential oil content, essential oil yield and carvone content in essential oil. The maximum essential oil content and carvone content were obtained by using the nitrogen fixing bacteria once. The highest essential oil yield was obtained by using the nitrogen fixing bacteria twice. Key words: Dill, vermicompost, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, essential oil.
A comparison of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cat (Felis catus) diets in the south west region of Western Australia

There is a paucity of data on the diet of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cats (Felis catus) in the south west region of Western Australia. Information is needed to determine the impact of these introduced predators on native wildlife, and to establish whether competitive and predatory interactions are likely to exist between foxes and cats. Therefore the diets of both species were quantified and compared by examining the stomach contents of 542 foxes and 56 cats collected from across the south west region in association with the Red Card for the Red Fox community feral control program. This study provides the first insight into the summer dietary preferences of the red fox and feral cat in south west Western Australia. This study provided a ‘snapshot’ of dietary intake, revealing that there was little overlap in the diets of red foxes and feral cats (26%), with the proportions of different prey categories consumed differing significantly between the predators (ANOSIM- R=0.1352, p<0.0001). Overall, foxes consumed mostly domestic sheep as carrion or lamb (64%, using Index of Relative Importance values for this food category), as well as a large amount of fruit, grains and invertebrates. With numerous bird species as their staple prey (32%, by IRI), feral cats are actively hunting a greater proportion of native vertebrate species (43%, by IRI), than foxes (6%, by IRI). Surprisingly, cats deliberately consumed a large amount of plant material (18%, by IRI), which may suggest that this atypical food source plays a role in sustaining feral cats during summer. From analysis of fox and cat diets it can be surmised that in the south west, interspecific competition between the predators may not be strong because of their reliance on different food categories. However, removal experiments and investigation of spatial interactions between the two species are required to confirm that resource partitioning and not antagonistic interactions are causing dietary differences (e.g. interference competition). Findings from the current study into the diets of red foxes and feral cats have implications for both farmers and conservationists in the south west. If carrion is responsible for sustaining large fox populations (hyperpredation) during a period of reduced resources, removal of carrion may reduce fox population sizes substantially. If, however, active control of foxes then leads to mesopredator release, feral cats may have a greater impact on the south west’s remaining native species, especially if cats have increased access to carrion.
The extraordinary transformation of traditional Chinese medicine: processing with liquid excipients

Abstract Context The Chinese medicinal materials originate from animals, plants, or minerals must undergo appropriate treatment before use as decoction pieces. Processing of Chinese medicines with liquid excipients is a pharmaceutical technique that transforms medicinal raw materials into decoction pieces which are significantly different from the original form. During processing, significant changes occur in chemical constituents, which inevitably affects clinical efficacy. At present, the liquid materials in processing mainly involve wine, vinegar, honey, saline water, ginger juice, herbal juice, etc. Objective This review introduces the typical methods of liquid excipients processing, summarizes the influence on chemical composition, pharmacological efficacy, and expounds the ways and mechanisms of liquid excipients to change the properties of drugs, enhance the efficacy, eliminate or reduce toxicity and adverse reaction. Methods English and Chinese literature from 1986 to 2020 was collected from databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015, and CNKI (Chinese). Liquid excipients, processing, pharmacological effects, synergism, chemical constitution, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were used as the key words. Results Liquid excipients play a key role in the application of TCM. Processing with proper liquid excipients can change the content of toxic or active components by physical or chemical transformation, decrease or increase drug dissolution, alter drug pharmacokinetics, or exert their own pharmacological effects. Thus, processing with liquid excipients is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of TCM in clinic. Conclusion This article could be helpful for researchers who are interested in traditional Chinese herbs processed with liquid excipients.
Is There a Correlation Between Behçet Disease and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms?

Purpose In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with Behçet disease (BD) and to investigate the relationship between the severity of BD and LUTS. Methods Fifty-five patients with BD were included in this study from January to December 2018. All patients received a detailed urological evaluation. Additionally, BD activity was investigated using the Behçet Disease Current Activation Form. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, 8-item overactive bladder questionnaire forms, uroflowmetry, and postvoid residual urine volume were evaluated. Results The mean age of the patients was 42.6 years. The mean activity score of BD was 4.6±3.2 and the mean IPSS score was 7.3±7.3. Sex had no significant effect on the BD activity score. The BD activity score was significantly correlated with the IPSS score, frequency of daytime urination, nocturia, and urgency. It was also correlated with the presence and the severity of urinary incontinence and the effect of urinary incontinence on daily life. Peak flow rate, voided volume, and the postvoid residual urine volume were not correlated with the BD activity score. Conclusions LUTS were highly prevalent in patients with BD, and the severity and current activity of BD were correlated with frequency, nocturia, urgency, and urinary incontinence. Therefore, a urological evaluation of patients with BD in whom the activity and severity of the disease is elevated should be carried out comprehensively and patients should be managed accordingly.