Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of circulation dynamics of the coastal oceans near China

Recent studies on the circulation dynamics of the coastal oceans next to China are reviewed. These studies were based on extensive hydrographic surveys and some moored (mostly short term) current meter observations, as well as through numerical models. Although strong monsoonal winds, large buoyancy fluxes and active tidal mixing are all important in driving circulation in these oceans, interaction between the open ocean forcing and the unique topography of the coastal oceans seems be a major contributing factor to many of the outstanding feature found here north of 16°N.
Sustained Cognitive Improvement in Patients over 65 Two Years after Cochlear Implantation

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term benefits of cochlear implantation (CI) on cognitive performance, speech perception, and psychological status in post-lingually deafened patients older than 65 (n = 33). Patients were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study and assessed before, one year after, and two years after CI for speech perception, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and working memory and processing speed. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was used for the latter. Thirty-three patients (fourteen men and nineteen women) were included. The scores indicating “hearing in quiet” and “hearing with background noise” improved significantly one year after CI and remained so two years after CI. The sound localization scores improved two years after CI. The depressive symptoms and perceived stress scores were low at the study’s onset and remained unchanged. Working memory improved significantly two years after CI, while processing speed improved significantly one year after CI and was maintained after that. The improvement in working memory and processing speed two years after CI suggests there is a sustained positive effect of auditory rehabilitation with CI on cognitive abilities.
First Articulated Phyllolepid Placoderm from North America, with Comments on Phyllolepid Systematics

ABSTRACT. The first articulated phyllolepid placoderm from North America (outside of Greenland) is described from the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation in north-central Pennsylvania. Phyllolepis rossimontina Lane and Cuffey 2005, from the same formation, and the genus Phyllolepis are reviewed based on the new Catskill Formation material and data from a range of recently described Southern Hemisphere taxa. Phyllolepids can be a valuable tool for biostratigraphic correlation due to their narrow age range within the Famennian stage of the Late Devonian in the Euramerican Province (Northern Hemisphere). Faunal exchange between Euramerica and Gondwana during the Late Devonian and the association of Phyllolepis with early tetrapods are discussed in the context of early tetrapod biogeography.
Eustatic Curve for the Middle Jurassic--Cretaceous Based on Russian Platform and Siberian Stratigraphy: Zonal Resolution

We have used the stratigraphy of the central part of the Russian platform and surrounding regions to construct a calibrated eustatic curve for the Bajocian through the Santonian. The study area is centrally located in the large Eurasian continental craton, and was covered by shallow seas during much of the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The geographic setting was a very low-gradient ramp that was repeatedly flooded and exposed. Analysis of stratal geometry of the region suggests tectonic stability throughout most of Mesozoic marine deposition. The paleogeography of the region led to extremely low rates of sediment influx. As a result, accommodation potential was limited and is interpreted to have been determined primarily by eustatic variations. The central part of the Russian latform thus provides a useful frame of reference for the quantification of eustatic variations throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The biostratigraphy of the Russian platform provides the basis for reliably determining age and eustatic events. The Mesozoic section of the central part of the Russian platform is characterized by numerous hiatuses. In this study, we filled the sediment gaps left by unconformities in the central part of the Russian platform with data from stratigraphic information from the more continuous stratigraphy of the neighboring subsiding regions, such as northern Siberia. Although these sections reflect subsidence, the time scale of variations in subsidence rate is probably long relative to the duration of the stratigraphic gaps to be filled, so the subsidence rate can be calculated and filtered from the stratigraphic data. We thus have compiled a more complete eustatic curve than would be p ssible on the basis of Russian platform stratigraphy alone. Relative sea level curves were generated by backstripping stratigraphic data from well and outcrop sections distributed throughout the central part of the Russian platform. For determining paleowater depth, we developed a model specifically designed for this region based on paleoecology, sedimentology, geochemistry, and paleogeography. The curve describes a series of high-frequency eustatic events superimposed on longer term trends. Many of the events identified from our study can be correlated to those found by Haq et al. (1988) and other sea level studies from other parts of the world, but there are significant differences in the relative magnitudes of events. Because the eustatic curve resulting from this study is based on a stable reference frame, the curve can be used in sedimentary basin modeling and as a tool for quantifying subsidence history from the stratigraphy of passive margins, basins, and other active regions.
Viromes of Tabanids from Russia

Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have greatly enhanced our knowledge of virus biodiversity. Currently, the viromes of hematophagous invertebrates, such as mosquitoes and ixodid ticks, are being actively studied. Tabanidae (Diptera) are a widespread family, with members mostly known for their persistent hematophagous behavior. They transmit viral, bacterial, and other pathogens, both biologically and mechanically. However, tabanid viromes remain severely understudied. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to describe the viromes of several species in the Hybomitra, Tabanus, Chrysops, and Haematopota genera, which were collected in two distant parts of Russia: the Primorye Territory and Ryazan Region. We assembled fourteen full coding genomes of novel viruses, four partial coding genomes, as well as several fragmented viral sequences, which presumably belong to another twelve new viruses. All the discovered viruses were tested for their ability to replicate in mammalian porcine embryo kidney (PEK), tick HAE/CTVM8, and mosquito C6/36 cell lines. In total, 16 viruses were detected in at least one cell culture after three passages (for PEK and C6/36) or 3 weeks of persistence in HAE/CTVM8. However, in the majority of cases, qPCR showed a decline in virus load over time.
Digital signal processing of UHF radio echo sounding data from northern Ellesmere Island

This thesis is a preliminary attempt to apply d i g i t a l signal processing techniques to ice radar data. Seismic processing inspired many of the techniques: linear f i l t e r i n g , d i f f e r e n t i a t i n g , automatic gain control, and stacking. The processing is designed to enhance the radar section by reducing noise and ' increasing the amplitude of small r e f l e c t i o n s , making r e f l e c t i o n s easier to locate. Once r e f l e c t i o n s have been located, ice thickness and re f l e c t o r properties can be interpreted from the data. Ice thickness and power r e f l e c t i o n c o e f f i c i e n t (PRC) can always be obtained; i f the depth to the r e f l e c t o r undergoes a s u f f i c i e n t l y large change, the propagation loss rate of the ice can also be calculated. The processing and interpretation techniques are applied to ice radar data from a 1981 survey on northern Ellesmere Island. Ice thickness, PRC, and propagation loss rate for the following areas are calculated: Milne and D i s r a e l i Glaciers, Milne and Ward Hunt Ice Shelves, and a small ice cap surrounding Mt. Oxford. The glaciers have a maximum thickness exceeding 700 m, a basal PRC of about -30 dB, and a t y p i c a l propagation loss rate of 0.025 dB/m (at 840 MHz). The thinner ice areas of the Milne and Ward Hunt Ice Shelves produce either no basal r e f l e c t i o n or only a faint r e f l e c t i o n ; t h i s i s taken to indicate basal accretion of brackish ice or brine soaking, produced by meltwater flowing out from the fiords underneath the ice shelves.
Effects of all-terrain vehicles on forested lands and grasslands

As the United States population has grown, so has all-terrain-vehicle (ATV) use on national forests and grasslands and other public lands. Annual sales of ATVs have increased over 272 percent since 1994 to an estimated 876,000 units in 2005 (Specialty Vehicle Institute of America - Special Report Summer 2006). ATVs are a popular choice for outdoor recreation. According to a national survey on recreation and the environment, about 36.3 million people participate in off-highway driving or ATV or motorcycle use (Cordell et al. 2001). An estimated 11 million visits to national forests involve off-highway-vehicle (OHV) use-or about 5 percent of all recreation visits (English 2003).
A multi‐scale hydroclimatic analysis of runoff generation in the Athabasca River, western Canada

A multi‐scale hydroclimatic study of runoff generation in the Athabasca River watershed located in western Canada is presented. Mann–Kendall trend detection tests performed on hydrometric data for the lower Athabasca River (LAR) revealed predominantly significant (p < 0.05) declines in annual and open‐water season median/mean runoff indices over 1958–2009, with the ice‐influenced season experiencing significant declines in the median and not the mean. The presence or absence of significant declines in the 25th and 75th runoff percentiles helped explain these results. The only noteworthy result from the mid‐point of the watershed was a probable (p < 0.10) decline in median open‐water runoff, which was not seen over the 1913–2009 period. Divergent seasonal runoff trends from the headwater zone were seen since 1958 and back to 1913, increasing ice‐influenced and declining open‐water season runoff trends. Although precipitation was observed to decline over 1958–2009, only the LAR watershed scale annual index emerged as a probable decline. Multiple non‐linear regression analysis indicated that variation in precipitation explained >67% of the annual median/mean LAR runoff variability since 1958. A first‐order precipitation driven hindcasting model suggested that LAR watershed scale runoff may have increased since 1913, warranting further study. A correlation analysis of climatic teleconnections with median/mean runoff indices revealed that the winter North Pacific American index showed a strong, positive association with open‐water runoff. The results from our study demonstrated that potentially inconsistent and/or divergent trend results can be obtained when using different time periods and/or regions of the watershed, emphasizing that extreme caution should be exercised when extrapolating sub‐watershed results to the watershed scale, or to adjacent watersheds. Our multi‐scale study approach also identified the drainage area between Athabasca and Fort McMurray as a zone that influenced runoff declines observed at the LAR watershed scale since 1958, which warrants further investigation with competent hydrological models. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Reproduced with the permission of the Ministry of the Environment.
Preterm Birth and Its Association with Maternal Diet, and Placental and Neonatal Telomere Length

Preterm birth (PTB), a multi-causal syndrome, is one of the global epidemics. Maternal nutrition, but also neonatal and placental telomere length (TL), are among the factors affecting PTB risk. However, the exact relationship between these factors and the PTB outcome, remains obscure. The aim of this review was to investigate the association between PTB, maternal nutrition, and placental-infant TL. Observational studies were sought with the keywords: maternal nutrition, placental TL, newborn, TL, and PTB. No studies were found that included all of the keywords simultaneously, and thus, the keywords were searched in dyads, to reach assumptive conclusions. The findings show that maternal nutrition affects PTB risk, through its influence on maternal TL. On the other hand, maternal TL independently affects PTB risk, and at the same time PTB is a major determinant of offspring TL regulation. The strength of the associations, and the extent of the influence from covariates, remains to be elucidated in future research. Furthermore, the question of whether maternal TL is simply a biomarker of maternal nutritional status and PTB risk, or a causative factor of PTB, to date, remains to be answered.
How Fast Is a Finite Gas Transient Wave and Why Does It Steepen?

Solving the transient compressible flow equations is hard. To help engineers make everyday decisions, simplified methods have been developed. One such simplification is used in the estimation of transient forces in steam pipe systems. An incomplete understanding related to gas wave speed has resulted in a method which does not reliably give conservative pipe force estimates, potentially resulting in unsafe designs. This paper develops gas wave speed predictions from first principles for compression waves moving into a non-zero steady-state flow. It is shown how the length of a family of waves steepens more quickly than previously thought. Implications for transient pipe force estimation are discussed.
Superimposed deformation in glaciotectonics

The identification of glaciotectonic structures is an exclusive field for the structural geologist. The structures comprise a series of different types and regimes. The sequential development of the glaciotectonic structures reflects superimposed subglacial and proglacial deformation processes. The glaciotectonic structures may involve earlier formed structures thus superimposed by the glaciotectonics, or the glaciotectonic structures may eventually be overprinted by neotectonic deformations. Four different superimposed settings may be distinguished: 1) glaciotectonic deformation superimposed on pre-Quaternary tectonics, 2) glaciotectonic deformation superimposed on earlier formed glaciotectonic structures (superimposed deformation involving two or more glaciodynamic events), 3) glaciotectonic deformations superimposed sequentially in the same glaciotectonic unit (two or more glaciotectonic phases in the same glaciodynamic event), and finally 4) neotectonic deformation superimposed on glaciotectonic structures. Examples of type 1 are taken from the deformed Palaeogene diatomites with ash layers at Hanklit, Mors, and Hestegården, Fur. Dokumentation of glaciotectonic deformation superimposed on halokinetic structures is demonstrated from Erslev, Mors, and further examplified by structures occurring at Junget on the north side of the Batum salt diapir in Salling. Type 2 is examplified by glaciotectonic structures in the Skarrehage mo-clay pit on Mors. An example of Elsterian glaciotectonics superimposed by Saalian glaciotectonics is recorded from the hilly island Møborg, central part of western Jylland. The classic glaciotectonic site Møns Klint is described as a combination of an imbricate fan and an antiformal stack formed by the Young Baltic ice advance in the Late Weichselian superimposed by a regressional re-advance from the east. Type 3 is exemplified by the glaciotectonic complex at Feggeklit. Type 4 is described from the island of Fur where glaciotectonic structures are cut by neotectonic faults roughly parallel to the main E-W trend of Limfjorden.
Fear of sleep in first responders: associations with trauma types, psychopathology, and sleep disturbances

Abstract Study Objectives Fear of sleep contributes to insomnia in some individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but remains uncharacterized in first responders, a population with high rates of insomnia and PTSD. We evaluated the clinical relevance of fear of sleep in first responders by (1) examining its relationship with trauma types and clinical symptoms and (2) assessing differences in fear of sleep severity between those reporting provisional PTSD, insomnia, or both. Methods A cross-sectional study of 242 first responders across the United States (59.2% male, 86.4% white, 56.2% law enforcement officers, 98.7% active duty, and Myears of service = 17). Participants completed the Fear of Sleep Inventory-Short Form and measures of trauma history, psychopathology (e.g. PTSD), and sleep disturbances (insomnia and trauma-related nightmares). Results Fear of sleep was associated with trauma types characterized by interpersonal violence and victimization, as well as symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol use problems, insomnia, and trauma-related nightmares. Fear of sleep was most pronounced among first responders reporting provisional PTSD comorbid with insomnia compared to those with PTSD or insomnia only. Post hoc analyses revealed PTSD hyperarousal symptoms and trauma-related nightmares were independently associated with fear of sleep, even after adjusting for the remaining PTSD clusters, insomnia, sex, and years of service. Conclusions Fear of sleep is a clinically relevant construct in first responders that is associated with a broad range of psychopathology symptoms and is most severe among those with cooccurring PTSD and insomnia. Fear of sleep may merit targeted treatment in first responders. This paper is part of the Sleep and Circadian Health in the Justice System Collection.
Morphophysiological Changes Of Mungbean Under Different Water Regimes

Drought stress can severely affect crop growth and productivity by altering several physiological processes. This experiment was carried out to explore the drought tolerance ability of four mungbean varieties based on their water relation and performance of some growth parameters. The experiment was conducted in pot at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur from 27th March to 15th May 2017, under a semi-controlled (vinylhouse) condition. Three different water regimes 50 to 60% field capacity (FC), 70 to 80% FC, 90 to100% FC and four mungbean varieties namely BARI Mung-5, BARI Mung-6, BU mug 2, BU mug 4 were used as treatment variable. Among the three water regimes, 50%-60% FC was considered as the severe drought stress. Results indicated significant variations in different traits of both water and growth parameters of the varieties under severe drought stress (50%-60% FC). Among the four mungbean varieties BARI Mung-6 showed superior performance with higher xylem exudation, chlorophyll content, shoot dry matter and lower water uptake capacity at 50%-60% FC (severe drought stress) whereas BU mug 2 showed the lowest performance. Results of this experiment conclude that BARI Mung-6 can be considered as a more water stress tolerant variety than the other three and recommended for cultivation under water limited conditions. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 47(3): 257-267, September 2022
Key Indicators for Assessing Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal-Based Agroecosystems

SUMMARY Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important objective of agroecosystem management. We define and demonstrate key indicators of NUE that enable a broader assessment of N management strategies. Nitrogen efficiency components and indexes were defined to assess soil and crop physiological processes, and agronomic and environmental factors related to N use. Measurements of grain yield, grain N, aboveground plant N, applied N, post-harvest root-zone soil N, and N losses via subsurface drains were used to assess N retention efficiency, available N uptake efficiency, N utilization efficiency, N harvest index, N yield efficiency, N reliance index, grain N accumulation efficiency, N balance index, N fertilizer utilization efficiency, and N loss index. Nitrogen use indicators were evaluated for two field studies: (1) hard red spring wheat with four N levels and two tillage treatments: no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT); and (2) corn in crop sequences of continuous corn (C-C), corn-soyb.
A ten-year follow up after cementless total knee arthroplasty in County General Hospital

SUMMARY – The aim of this long-term retrospective study was to evaluate the outcome of 109 cementless total knee arthroplasties performed in 101 patients at the General Hospital Bjelovar from January 2010 to October 2012. The survivorship of endoprosthesis and the clinical outcome were analyzed at the 10-year follow-up. The Oxford Knee Score was completed by 47% of patients with an average result of 31,2±9,4. There were two cases of aseptic loosening and one case of periprosthetic infection. Six patients suffered a periprosthetic fracture and were treated with osteosynthesis.
Equations of state of ZrSiO4phases in the upper mantle

Abstract The compressibility of zircon and reidite (ZrSiO4) was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) up to 20 GPa using a synchrotron radiation source. Reliable equations of state for zircon and reidite were obtained using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) coupled with yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser-heating. Samples were heated with the laser at each pressure increment to relax deviatoric stress. XRD measurements were carried out at 300 K using an angle-dispersive technique. Data refinements yield third-order Birch-Murnaghan equations of state parameters: the bulk modulus K0 = 205(±8) GPa when the first pressure derivative of the bulk modulus, K0', is fixed at 4 for zircon, K0 = 392(±9) when K0' is fixed at 4 for reidite. The volume reduction of the phase transition from zircon to reidite is about 10%. The tentative phase boundary between zircon and reidite is located at about 10 GPa.
Nowcasting Regional GDP: The Case of the Free State of Saxony

Abstract We tackle the nowcasting problem at the regional level, using a large set of indicators (regional, national and international) for the years 1998 to 2013. We explicitly take into account the ragged-edge data structure and consider the different information sets faced by a regional forecaster within each quarter. It appears that regional survey results in particular improve forecasting accuracy. Among the 10% best performing models for the short forecasting horizon, one fourth contain regional indicators. Hard indicators from the German manufacturing sector and the Composite Leading Indicator for Europe also deliver useful information for the prediction of regional GDP in Saxony. Unlike national GDP forecasts, the performance of regional GDP is similar across different information sets within a quarter.