Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Predictive Ability of Social Anxiety within Internet Addiction among University Students

The study aimed to identify the predictive ability of social anxiety in Internet addiction among university students, by relying on the relational descriptive approach. The study sample consisted of (462) male and female students from the Faculty of Educational Sciences at the Hashemite University who were selected through the available random method and were assessed by the social anxiety scale and the Internet addiction scale prepared by Young (1997) which was modified by Widyanto and McMurran (2004) after confirming the appropriateness of its psychometric properties. The study results found that social anxiety level and Internet addiction level were high among the study sample and indicated a statically significant correlation at level (0.01) between the social anxiety level and the level of Internet addiction, which indicates that the higher the social anxiety level, the higher the internet addiction level and that social anxiety works as a predictor of the internet addiction. Results also indicated a nonexistence of statistically significant differences in the social anxiety level as well as the level of Internet addiction due to gender. The current study recommended the activation of students’ counseling services for students within the university and society as a whole to train them on controlling and self-control, which reduce the social anxiety and increase the university's interest about Internet addiction phenomenon in addition to holding awareness programs to help solve problems of this phenomenon.
EFFECT OF MULCHING ON BULB YIELD, WATER USE EFFICIENCY, PLANT WATER STATUS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GARLIC PLANTS GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS

Field studies were conducted for two consecutive winter seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/ 2018 to investigate the effect of mulching; (rice straw and without mulch as control) on bulbs yield, water use efficiency, plant water status and chemical composition of garlic grown under three levels of irrigation (I100 = 100%, I80 = 80% and I60 = 60% of ETC crop evapotranspiration). Bulb yield, water and potassium use efficiency, plant water status (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI) and leaf N and K significantly increased by increasing irrigation levels from I60 to I80 and further to I100. I80 was pronounced on water use efficiency and leaf P, meanwhile I60 was pronounced on leaf total phenolic, flavonoids, anthocyanin, free proline and total free amino acids contents. Garlic plants growth was improved under three levels of irrigation by using rice straw mulch. Results implied that I100 + rice straw, significantly, increased bulbs yield, (RWC), (MSI) and leaf N and K . In addition, I80 + rice straw significantly, increased water use efficiency and leaf P. Howevere, I60 + rice straw significantly, increased leaf total phenolic, flavonoids, anthocyanin, free proline and total free amino acids contents.
Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Some Female Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider) Genotypes Growing in the Semi-arid Highlands of Sudan using ISSR Markers

The knowledge of genetic diversity of a crop like Jojoba, a commercially grown plant to produce unique liquid oil from its seed, is essential in a breeding program aiming to the development of elite genotypesfor large-scale production. This study was carried out to evaluate the genetic diversity of 25 female jojoba genotypes growing in Arkaweet Area, East Sudan, using ISSR Markers. Genomic DNA was extracted from leaves of thestudied genotypes and quantified for PCR amplification. Five ISSR primers were used for PCR amplification to investigate the genetic diversity among the female jojoba genotypes. ISSR primers showed high polymorphic pattern and produced a total of 54 polymorphic bands with an average of 10.8 polymorphic bands per primer. The average of polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.37 indicates moderate polymorphism. The geneticdiversity ranged from 0.01 to 0.85. The results indicate the effectiveness of using ISSR molecular markers to reveal genetic variability among the studied female jojoba genotypes, a finding that could be used for development ofelite jojoba genotypes, which provide potential for large-scale jojoba production in Sudan.
Encephalatrophy and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis

Objective: This study aims to find whether there are differences of clinical and laboratory features between anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients with and without brain atrophy. We also compare brain atrophy scale in anti-NMDAR positive patients with and without teratomas. Methods: Brain atrophy scales of 82 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were measured with the median temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) scale and the global cortical atrophy (GCA) scale. They were divided into two groups by brain atrophy status. In addition, 48 female patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were divided into two groups with or without teratomas. Percentages of patients with brain atrophy were compared between these two groups. Results: 33 (40.2%) patients had brain atrophy. The GCA (+) group had higher percentage of patients with status epilepticus (p<0.001) than GCA (-) group and the MTA (+) group had higher percentage of patients with memory deficits (p < 0.001) than MTA (-) group. Higher percentages of severe infections were found in GCA(+) and MTA (+) groups than those in GCA(-) and MTA (-) groups (p=0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). The percentage of patients needing ventilatory support was higher in MTA (+) group than that in MTA (-) group (p=0.015). The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of GCA(+) and MTA (+) groups were significantly higher when compared with GCA(-) and MTA (-) groups both at day one (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively) and at discharge (p<0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). Patients in GCA (+) group had higher median length of hospital stay than those in GCA (-) group (p<0.001). The median onset-to-MR time of GCA(+) group was higher than that of GCA(-) group (p=0.034). Percentage of patients with limited response to treatment was higher in GCA (+) group than that in GCA(-) group (p<0.001). The median 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 level was lower in the GCA (+) group than that in GCA(-) group (p=0.001). Anti-NMDAR positive female patients with ovarian teratomas had higher percentage of GCA(+) than thoes without ovarian teratomas (P=0.006). Conclusions: Brain atrophy are not uncommon in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. MTA and GCA may be associated with severity and prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
The state of psychological wellbeing of unemployed distinction graduates and the factors contributory to their wellbeing

ABSTRACT The concern of this study was to determine the current state of psychological wellbeing of unemployed distinction graduates in Nigeria and some of the factors that contributed to their wellbeing. The results revealed that the psycho-logical wellbeing of unemployed distinction graduates was moderately high and positive. The collective impact of the factors yielded a coefficient R = 0.497 and R2 = 0.247 variance in the prediction of a positive state of psychological wellbeing. Further, the contribution of resilience was the highest at 26.6% (β = .266, t=2.428; p<0.05); followed by religiosity 17.5% (β = .175, t= 1.266; p<0.05); openness 16.1% (β = .161, t=1.476; p<0.05); agreeability 15.9% (β = .159, t=1.495; p<0.05) and neuroticism 12% (β = .120, t=864; p<0.05) towards their positive psychological wellbeing.
Generalized Connectivity Matrix Response Regression with Applications in Brain Connectivity Studies

Abstract Multiple-subject network data are fast emerging in recent years, where a separate connectivity matrix is measured over a common set of nodes for each individual subject, along with subject covariates information. In this article, we propose a new generalized matrix response regression model, where the observed network is treated as a matrix-valued response and the subject covariates as predictors. The new model characterizes the population-level connectivity pattern through a low-rank intercept matrix, and the effect of subject covariates through a sparse slope tensor. We develop an efficient alternating gradient descent algorithm for parameter estimation, and establish the nonasymptotic error bound for the actual estimator from the algorithm, which quantifies the interplay between the computational and statistical errors. We further show the strong consistency for graph community recovery, as well as the edge selection consistency. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method through simulations and two brain connectivity studies. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Evaluating fine perceptual-motor skills in children with mild intellectual disability

Over the years, several studies have indicated that delay in perceptual-motor development and impaired motor organization is strongly associated with the level of cognitive functioning and performance in children. The aim of the present research study was to assess the fine perceptual-motor skills of children with mild intellectual disability 7-9-years-old and the comparison of their performance with two groups of typically developing children with the same chronological and a corresponding mental age. Our research sample consisted of 129 children between the ages of four and nine years whilst the experimental group had a total of 43 children (7-9-years-old) with mild intellectual disability. As an assessment tool of fine perceptual-motor skills we used a battery of tasks constructed in accordance with other commonly used standardized tests that measure psychomotor abilities. Furthermore, several comparisons were carried out in order to investigate our experimental hypotheses. Overall, our results revealed that children with mild intellectual disability scored lower in the tasks compared to typically developing children of equal chronological age but significantly higher than the group of typically developing children of the same mental age (preschoolers). The results of the psychometric properties of our designed tasks (reliability, validity) verify the high-quality psychometric characteristics of the designed tool.
Process optimization for yam flour incorporated in expanded extrudates

ABSTRACT The effects of incorporation of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.), feed moisture content, and extrusion conditions on physical characteristics of expanded extrudate were studied using response surface methodology. The mixture was prepared using maize grit, rice grit, and gram flour. Yam flour was incorporated at 10–20% level in the feed mix, and the moisture content of the feed was varied from 13% to 15%. The extrusion process was run at varied temperature conditions (90–110°C) in a single screw extruder. A numerical multi-response optimization technique was used for optimizing input variables. Lateral expansion (LE) and starch digestibility had significant (p < 0.05) positive effects due to yam incorporation, while density, water absorption index (WAI), and water solubility index (WSI) had a significantly negative effects. Feed moisture had a significant (p < 0.05) effects on product density and WSI positively. Barrel temperature had a significant (p < 0.05) positive effects on LE and starch digestibility where density and WAI had a significant negative effects. Optimum operating conditions for yam flour addition, feed moisture and barrel temperature were 20%, 13.28%, and 108.83°C, respectively. Corresponding to these process variable, predicted values were 144.65% for LE, 0.222g/cm3 for density, 6.002 g/g for WAI, 7.217% for WSI, and 305.15 µg/g for maltose content with desirability 0.848. The extrusion conditions and response variables reveal the possibility of using yam to produce extruded expanded snacks.
Sampled-Data Consensus for Networked Euler-Lagrange Systems With Differentiable Scaling Functions

This paper is concerned with the sampled-data consensus of networked Euler-Lagrange systems. The Euler-Lagrange system has enormous advantages in analyzing and designing dynamical systems. Yet, some problems arise in the Euler-Lagrange equation-based control laws when they contain sampled-data feedback. The control law differentiates the discontinuous sampled-data signals to generate its control input. In this process, infinities in the control input are inevitable. The main goal of this work is to eliminate these infinities. To reach this goal, a class of differentiable scaling functions is designed to replace the conventional zero-order-hold and ensure a smooth transition between sampled states. The scaling functions work as multipliers on the sampled-data signals to make them differentiable, hence avoid the infinities. A consensus criterion compatible with the differentiable scaling functions is also obtained. It is shown in numerical examples that the proposed differentiable scaling functions approach both eliminates the infinities and ensures consensus under the criterion.
Characterization of external load in different types of exercise in professional soccer

Purpose. To compare the duration of exercise and magnitude of external load per type of exercise (warm-up, small-sided games, position games – movements with/without ball but without the dynamics of a real game, simulations of real games – 11 vs. 11, fitness exercises, large-sided games, technical drills) during different training days in professional soccer players and test the relationships between duration of exercise and the external load. Methods. Overall, 22 professional soccer players (25.1 ± 2.9 years, 181.9 ± 6.3 cm, 73.1 ± 6.3 kg) were daily monitored by a microelectromechanical system. The training duration (minutes) and the external load measures of total distance covered and high-speed running distance were collected for each type of exercise. Results. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences in training duration, total distance covered, and high-speed running distance between the exercises (p < 0.001). A greater total distance was covered in simulations of real games (2321 m/session), as well as high-speed running (84.6 m/session). The total distance covered in simulations of real games was greater by 77% than in small-sided games, while that in high-speed running in simulations of real games was greater by 153% than in large-sided games. Conclusions. The study revealed that simulations of real games and position games were the exercises that occupied the most time in the sessions and that the simulations of real games were the greatest contributor to distance covered and distance covered at high-speed running.
Performance Characteristics of the TaqMan Array PCR on Repository Stool Specimens and Smears on Whatman® FTA Elute Cards

Objective Stool repositories are a valuable resource for retrospective analyses including quantitative PCR assays to distinguish between asymptomatic shedding and clinical disease. The suitability of archival specimens for this purpose is unclear and requires assessment. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate pathogen detection by TaqMan Array Card (TAC) in travelers’ diarrhea (TD) stool specimens stored for 1–13 years, as well as, the impact of transporting specimens on Whatman FTA Elute cards (FTA Cards) on detection. Results The positive percent agreement (PPA) for TAC on stool vs. microbiologic testing was lower than our a priori PPA estimate of 80% for most pathogens: Shigella spp. (100% [95%CI: 69–100%]), enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) (63 [49–75%]), Campylobacter spp. (66 [43–85%]) and Norovirus (37 [16–61%]). Use of the FTA card resulted in a further reduction of PPA. Our findings suggest that archival specimens may lead to insensitive detection on quantitative PCR assays due to degradation of nucleic acid with prolonged storage, although our limited sample size precluded us from evaluating the impact of storage duration on nucleic acid yield. Additional studies are needed to understand the impact of storage duration on quantitative PCR data.
The Principal’s Leadership Style in Empowering Educators in Schools

The purpose of this study is to describe the leadership style of the Principal of Banjarmasin 5 Vocational High School in empowering educators. This is descriptive research. The data collection techniques were triangulation and included interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this research showed applied leadership style is participative, as evidenced by the involvement of all school members in key aspects such as the school program, joint decision, personal selection and delegation of authority, information disclosure, and communication. The results of this research might be used as a basis for applying leadership styles in other schools.
Association between Perceived Stress and Resilience among University Students

Background: Stress is not unfamiliar in our daily livings especially in student population. Undergraduate students tend to expose to stressors from various sources such as academic performances, family issues, financial problems and etc. Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger. In this context, resilience plays a vital role to allow students to overcome, adapt and cope well with the stresses. The aim of the study was to assess the level of perceived stress and resilience among university students and to determine the association and relationship between perceived stress and resilience. Methods: Perceived Stress Scale and Resilience Scale were distributed to the undergraduate students in a private university. An online questionnaire was also shared through social media for students to answer. Results: Overall, the mean age among the 355 participants were 20.83. Gender differences were found in stress and resilience level. Female were found to have higher PSS score (p=0.006) and lower RS score (p<0.001) compared to male. Pearson’s Correlation showed that there was a moderate negative association between perceived stress level and resilience among undergraduate students (p<0001). Null hypothesis was rejected. Conclusions: In conclusion, undergraduate students had moderate perceived stress and low resilience level. There were association between perceived stress level and resilience among undergraduates students. Thus, specific intervention such as stress management and resilience enhancement program can be conducted to improve the scenario.
Review of Soft-Switching Topologies for Single-Phase Photovoltaic Inverters

Soft switching is one of the effective techniques to improve the efficiency and power density of power electronics converters. This article presents a comprehensive review of the soft-switching topologies used in single-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverters for residential applications. The topologies of single-phase PV inverters are investigated and divided into two types of power conversion stages: the PV interface stage for boosting PV voltage and the grid interface stage for feeding ac power to the grid. The soft-switching topologies for each type of power conversion stage are reviewed and compared, respectively, including the soft-switching mechanisms, efficiency, device ratings, and design challenges. Discussions and recommendations of soft-switching topologies for each stage are also provided. This article is an attempt to provide a helpful reference for engineers working on high-performance single-phase PV inverters.
Sentinel lymph node mapping using ICG fluorescence and cone beam CT – a rabbit oral cancer model feasibility study

Background: Current sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) techniques, including use of radioisotopes, have disadvantages including the use of a radioactive tracer. Indocyanine green (ICG) based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and cone beam CT (CBCT) have advantages for intraoperative use. However, limited literature exists regarding their use in head and neck cancer SLNB. Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized study using a rabbit oral cavity VX2 squamous cell carcinoma model (n = 10) which develops lymph node metastasis. Pre-operatively, images were acquired by MicroCT. During surgery, CBCT and NIR fluorescence imaging of ICG was used to map and guide the SLNB resection. Results: Intraoperative use of ICG to guide fluorescence resection resulted in identification of all lymph nodes identified by pre-operative CT. CBCT was useful for near real time intraoperative imaging and 3D reconstruction. Conclusions: This pre-clinical study further demonstrates the technical feasibility, limitations and advantages of intraoperative NIR-guided ICG imaging for SLN identification as a complementary method during head and neck surgery.
Studies of Depression and Anxiety Using Reddit as a Data Source: Scoping Review

Background The study of depression and anxiety using publicly available social media data is a research activity that has grown considerably over the past decade. The discussion platform Reddit has become a popular social media data source in this nascent area of study, in part because of the unique ways in which the platform is facilitative of research. To date, no work has been done to synthesize existing studies on depression and anxiety using Reddit. Objective The objective of this review is to understand the scope and nature of research using Reddit as a primary data source for studying depression and anxiety. Methods A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Scopus, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and ACM academic databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were developed using the participants, concept, and context framework outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methodology Group. Eligible studies featured an analytic focus on depression or anxiety and used naturalistic written expressions from Reddit users as a primary data source. Results A total of 54 studies were included in the review. Tables and corresponding analyses delineate the key methodological features, including a comparatively larger focus on depression versus anxiety, an even split of original and premade data sets, a widespread analytic focus on classifying the mental health states of Reddit users, and practical implications that often recommend new methods of professionally delivered monitoring and outreach for Reddit users. Conclusions Studies of depression and anxiety using Reddit data are currently driven by a prevailing methodology that favors a technical, solution-based orientation. Researchers interested in advancing this research area will benefit from further consideration of conceptual issues surrounding the interpretation of Reddit data with the medical model of mental health. Further efforts are also needed to locate accountability and autonomy within practice implications, suggesting new forms of engagement with Reddit users.