Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Genetic variability, Correlation and Path analysis in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes in Chambal region of Gwalior

The experiment was conducted to analyze variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path analysis among 15 diverse genotypes of turmeric for rhizome yield and its contributing traits. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for the entire trait studied indicating presence of high genetic variability among the genotypes for various traits. The genotypes Rajapuri, ACG-79 and ACC-48 were promising with respect to rhizome yield per plant and some of the yield contributing traits. High GCV and PCV were observed for the traits number of leaves, leaf lamina width, petiole length, number of mother rhizome and rhizome weight, The characters like number of leaves, plant height, leaf lamina length, leaf lamina width, petiole length, number of mother rhizome and rhizome weight recorded high genetic advance as a per cent of mean coupled with high heritability. Rhizome yield per plant exerted significant and positive correlation with number of mother rhizome and rhizome weight showed major contribution of both these traits in rhizome yield. High positive direct effect on rhizome yield were produced by the rhizome weight followed by number of mother rhizome and number of shoots hence due weightage should be given to these traits for further improvement of rhizome yield in turmeric
Passerine phenology in the largest tropical dry forest of South America: effects of climate and resource availability

ABSTRACT In tropical dry areas, rainfall is predicted to be the most important climatic variable influencing bird phenology because it triggers food and foliage production. In addition, because resources are scarce, the moulting and breeding seasons are not expected to overlap. We conducted a 2-year study on the phenology of passerine birds at one site in Caatinga, South America’s largest dry forest region to: (a) evaluate the contributions of climate, foliage cover, and food abundance to the onset of the breeding and moulting seasons, (b) assess the duration of the breeding and moulting seasons, and (c) measure the frequency of the bird moult–breeding overlap. Birds can use rainfall or humidity as environmental cues to start their breeding seasons. The effects of water availability are mediated by both foliage cover and food abundance, but foliage cover is more important to the onset of the bird breeding season than food abundance. In contrast, both foliage cover and food abundance equally influence the timing of the primary moult. Because we found several cases of moult–breeding overlap, we suggest that some passerine species adapt that strategy to adjust the timing of their life history stages to the relatively short period of abundant resource availability.
Residual stresses and fatigue strength of welded joints. Experimental studies and calculation

This paper considers the main principles of experimental and calculated methods for the determination of the fatigue life of welded joints, taking into account the effect of the residual stresses. A new calculated relationships are presented, which allow to analyse the influence of residual stresses on the fatigue strength of welded joints, depending upon the mechanical properties of the materials used, type of joints and the parameters of cyclic loading. The effectiveness of application of the ultrasonic impact treatment for the improving the welded joints fatigue life is considered. Finally, the results of experimental studies and calculations of the effect of the welding residual stresses and ultrasonic impact treatment on the fatigue life of welded joint in steels of different strength are compared.
Spatiotemporal Inventory of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound Emissions in China Based on Vegetation Volume and Production

To estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of biogenic volatile organic compound(BVOC) emissions in China,this study collected data on vegetation volume and production from the national forest and grassland inventory,Statistical Yearbooks,and a 1:1000000 vegetation map of China.These data were converted to leaf biomass data and then used in Guenther’s BVOC emission model,and spatiotemporal and source distributions of BVOC emissions were estimated,establishing a BVOC emission inventory for mainland China.In 2003,the annual total BVOC emission in China was estimated to be 12.83 Tg,composed of 7.45 Tg(58%) isoprene,2.23 Tg(17%) monoterpenes,and 3.14 Tg(25%) other VOCs(OVOCs). Emissions varied significantly among plant species,with contributions to total emissions by vegetation type ordered as follows: forests(61%) shrubs(27%) crops(7%) grasslands(5%). Southern and northeastern China were the main sources of BVOC emissions.Significant seasonal variation was found in the BVOC emissions.The most emissions occurred in summer.Forest contribution to BVOC emissions varied by age class,with middle-aged forests contributing the most.
TRANSLANGUAGING: STUDENTS AS MEANING MAKING CONTRIBUTORS

Contrary to Communicative Language Teaching ideology, translanguaging exploits the collective linguistic output that potentially adds to the language learning capacity of learners. It has emerged as an empowering tool for bi/multilingual learners of a language. The following research questions will be asked: 1) How can translanguaging enrich students’ writing skills in the Target Language (TL)? 2) What are the drawbacks that may be encountered? 3) How does translanguaging go beyond the conventional approach to classroom learning? The study will focus on the mixed method approach employing a semi structured questionnaire and interviews. Anderson’s (2017 as cited in Turnbull, 2019) translanguaging continuum will be used as a reference point for this research. The results will be collated to examine the difference in responses and to see which strategy produces more favourable outcomes. This study will help to legitimize the use of translanguaging in the classroom as a means of maximizing students' potential of meaning-making activity.
Evidence for the Influence of DE3 Tide on the Occurrence of Equatorial Counterelectrojet

The long‐term Challenging Minisatellite Payload magnetometer data are analyzed to derive the equatorial counterelectrojet (CEJ) signatures globally over a range of local times. The resultant local time‐longitude map of CEJ occurrence rate shows a strong influence of the diurnal eastward propagating wave number 3 (DE3) nonmigrating tide during July–September months. DE3 is also shown to account for the reduction of CEJ occurrence at certain longitudes. These aspects of DE3 tide‐CEJ relationship have implications for understanding the seasonal and longitudinal variations of CEJ. Observations of zonal winds from the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) Doppler Interferometer instrument on board the TIMED satellite are used to establish these findings.
Effect of tragacanth gum (Astragalus gummifer) and melaleuca essential oil to extend the shelf life of minimally processed pineapples

The consumption of minimally processed fruit is increasing due to its convenience, but its shelf life is reduced when compared to fresh fruit (in natura). The effects of using tragacanth gum (Astragalus gummifer) and melaleuca essential oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) as an edible coating on minimally processed pineapples (Smooth cayenne) were investigated in this study. The pineapples were sanitized, peeled, cut into standardized pieces, and immersed in the toppings, obtaining four treatments: T1 (control); T2 (0.5 tragacanth gum and 0.2% melaleuca essential oil); T3 (0.5 tragacanth gum and 0.3% melaleuca essential oil); T4 (0.5 tragacanth gum and 0.4% melaleuca essential oil), then drained and stored in PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) containers with a lid, under refrigeration at 5±1°C for 12 days. Physicochemical and microbiological analyses were performed. The samples T2 and T4 obtained less mass loss and less decrease in total soluble solids content. The T2 sample also showed promising results by reducing the loss of texture and delaying the growth of mold and yeast in relation to the control sample over 12 days of storage. The use of tragacanth gum together with melaleuca essential oil was efficient in maintaining the quality of minimally processed pineapples for a longer time.
A Pilot Investigation of the Association Between Vpr Amino Acid Substitutions and Peripheral Immune Marker Levels in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Implications for Neurocognitive Impairment

Abstract Background Subtype-specific amino acid variations in viral proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) influence disease progression. Furthermore, Vpr sequence variation correlates with chronic inflammation, a central mechanism in HIV-1 (neuro)pathogenesis. Nevertheless, no clinical study has investigated the link between Vpr sequence variation and peripheral inflammation in people with HIV (PWH). The aim of this pilot study was to ascertain whether specific Vpr amino acid variants were associated with immune markers in PWH. Methods We included a unique cohort of 48 treatment-naive South African PWH to determine the association between blood-derived Vpr sequence variation and peripheral immune marker levels using Sanger sequencing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis, respectively. Results Our findings indicate that among the many neuropathogenic Vpr amino acid variants and immune markers examined, after applying Bonferroni corrections (P = .05/3) and adjusting for sex and locality, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) was nearing significance for higher levels in participants with the G41 amino acid variant compared to those with the S41 variant (P = .035). Furthermore, amino acid variations at position 41 (between G41 and S41) exhibited a significant association with suPAR (adjusted R2 = 0.089, β = .386 [95% confidence interval, .125–3.251]; P = .035). Conclusions These findings suggest that Vpr amino acid sequence variations might contribute to dysregulated inflammation, which could explain the observed association between specific Vpr variants and HIV-1 (neuro)pathogenesis found in prior research. These Vpr variants merit further investigation to fully understand their roles in HIV-1 pathogenesis and neuropathogenesis.
FT-CSMA: A Fine-Tuned CSMA Protocol for LoRa-Based Networks

—Advances in low-power networking have shown remarkable evolution for the Internet of Things. LoRa technology promises low power consumption and long-range connectivity while maintaining sufficient throughput. However, in environments with a higher density of nodes, there is a high potential for packet collisions, compromising the reliability of the technology. This is a direct consequence of using an Aloha-based protocol to access the channel. This article proposes a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol called FT-CSMA, a new collision avoidance technique based on a hybrid of CSMA in IEEE 802.15. 4 and CSMA in IEEE 802.11. The design of this protocol aims to provide an acceptable trade-off between the performance parameters of LoRa-based networks. Energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, and delay are interdependent; improving one will affect the others. FT-CSMA outperforms other methods in terms of Quality of Service and energy efficiency, with a 2% reduction in energy consumption and a 5% increase in packet delivery ratio.
Fire, Flood, and Drought: Extreme Climate Events Alter Flow Paths and Stream Chemistry

Extreme climate events—such as hurricanes, droughts, extreme precipitation, and wildfires—have the potential to alter watershed processes and stream response. Yet due to the destructive and hazardous nature and unpredictability of such events, capturing their hydrochemical signal is challenging. A 5‐year postwildfire study of stream chemistry in the Fourmile Creek watershed, Colorado Front Range, USA, focused on high‐frequency storm sampling. During the study, the watershed was impacted by three additional extreme climate events—drought and two periods of extreme rainfall totals. These events altered concentration‐discharge relationships in ways that elucidate how hydrologic flow paths and source material availability affect stream water chemistry. Reduced infiltration after wildfire led to overland flow during thunderstorms, which conveyed ash and soil into streams. This resulted in elevated stream concentrations of constituents elevated in ash—Ca, K, Mg, alkalinity, and dissolved organic carbon—along with sediment and nitrate. Subsurface flow paths were bypassed, leading to low concentrations of Na and SiO2, which are bedrock derived and not elevated in ash. During drought conditions, when stream discharge was <20% of average, concentrations of sediment, dissolved organic carbon, and Ca fell below average concentrations, but SiO2 did not. Extreme rainfall totals saturated the subsurface and led to prolonged elevated stream discharge. Concentration‐discharge relationships for bedrock‐derived constituents, such as Ca and SiO2, were altered in that time period, while those for dissolved organic carbon were not. Previous disturbances, including historical mining, also affect stream chemistry, and water‐quality impairment can be exacerbated by extreme climate events.
Geomorfología de las cabeceras de los ríos Narcea, Navia y Sil y del parque nacional de la montaña de Covadonga (no de la Península Ibérica)

SE REALIZO EL ESTUDIO GEOMORFOLOGICO DE DOS AREAS GLACIADAS DE LA CORDILLERA CANTABRICA, CON CARACTERISTICAS LITOLOGICAS BIEN DIFERENCIADAS: LA ZONA DE VILLABLINO-DEGANA, AL OESTE, CON SUSTRATO SILICICLASTICO Y EL PARQUE NACIONAL DE LA MONTANA DE COVADONGA, AL ESTE, CON SUSTRATO CALCAREO.SE HICIERON DOS MAPAS GEOMORFOLOGICOS A ESCALA 1:25000. A PARTIR DE ESTA CARTOGRAFIA Y DEL ANALISIS DE LOS DEPOSITOS SE DEDUCE, PARA LA ZONA DE VILLABLINO-DEGANA, DOS ETAPAS GLACIARES SEPARADAS POR UNA FASE FLUVIAL. SIGUIO UN PERIODO TARDIGLACIAR, CARACTERIZADO POR LA FORMACION DE GLACIARES ROCOSOS, CON CLIMA FRIO Y SECO Y OTRO POSTGLACIAR, EN EL QUE SE PRODUCE UNA RESPUESTA A LA DEGLACIACION. EN LA ACTUALIDAD PREDOMINAN LOS PROCESOS FLUVIALES Y FLUVIOTORRENCIALES. EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL DE LA MONTANA DE COVADONGA (MACIZO OCCIDENTAL DE LOS PICOS DE EUROPA), LA LITOLOGIA PROVOCO UNA RESPUESTA DISTINTA A LOS MISMOS PROCESOS. SE RECONOCE UNA UNICA FASE GLACIAR SEGUIDA DEL PERIODO TARDIGLACIAR CON LA FORMACION DE LENGUAS DE SOLIFLUXION Y UN PERIODO POSTGLACIAR EN EL QUE LA DESCOMPOSICION PRODUJO GRANDES AVALANCHAS DE ROCAS. TAMBIEN COMO CONSECUENCIA DE LA LITOLOGIA SE PRODUJO UN RELIEVE CARACTERISTICO (MEZCLA DE FORMAS GLACIARES Y KARSTICAS) QUE EN LA ACTUALIDAD EVOLUCIONA POR PROCESOS DE KARSTIFICACION.
Quantitative mapping of soil salinity using the DUALEM‐21S instrument and EM inversion software

To generate baseline data for the purpose of monitoring the efficacy of remediation of a degraded landscape, we demonstrate a method for 3‐dimensional mapping of electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste extract (ECe) across a study field in central Haryana, India. This is achieved by establishing a linear relationship between calculated true electrical conductivity (σ) and laboratory measured ECe at various depths (0–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–0.9, and 0.9–1.2 m). We estimate σ by inverting DUALEM‐21S apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) data using a quasi‐3‐dimensional inversion algorithm (EM4Soil‐V302). The best linear relationship (ECe = −11.814 + 0.043 × σ) was achieved using full solution (FS), S1 inversion algorithm, and a damping factor (λ) of 0.6 that had a large coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.84). A cross‐validation technique was used to validate the model, and given the high accuracy (RMSE = 8.31 dS m−1), small bias (mean error = −0.0628 dS m−1), large R2 = 0.82, and Lin's concordance (0.93), between measured and predicted ECe, we were well able to predict the ECe distribution at all the four depths. However, the predictions made in the topsoil (0–0.3 m) at a few locations were poor due to limited data availability in areas where ECa changed rapidly. In this regard, improvements in prediction can be achieved by collection of ECa in more closely spaced transects, particularly in areas where ECa varies over short spatial scales. Also, equivalent results can be achieved using smaller combinations of ECa data (i.e., DAULEM‐1S, DUALEM‐2S), although with some loss in precision, bias, and concordance.
Preliminary Study of Novel Bio-Crypto Key Generation Using Clustering-Based Binarization of ECG Features

In modern society, the popularity of wearable devices has highlighted the need for data security. Bio-crypto keys (bio-keys), especially in the context of wearable devices, are gaining attention as a next-generation security method. Despite the theoretical advantages of bio-keys, implementing such systems poses practical challenges due to their need for flexibility and convenience. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) have emerged as a potential solution to these issues but face hurdles due to intra-individual variability. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of a stable, flexible, and convenient-to-use bio-key using ECGs. We propose an approach that minimizes biosignal variability using normalization, clustering-based binarization, and the fuzzy extractor, enabling the generation of personalized seeds and offering ease of use. The proposed method achieved a maximum entropy of 0.99 and an authentication accuracy of 95%. This study evaluated various parameter combinations for generating effective bio-keys for personal authentication and proposed the optimal combination. Our research holds potential for security technologies applicable to wearable devices and healthcare systems.
Real-World Data Analysis of Patients Affected by Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Italy

Background: The therapeutic management of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) has recently benefited from the introduction of caplacizumab, an agent directed at the inhibition of platelet aggregation. This real-world analysis investigated the epidemiology and the demographic and clinical characteristics of iTTP patients in Italy before and after caplacizumab introduction in 2020. Methods: Hospitalized adults with iTTP were included using the administrative databases of healthcare entities covering 17 million residents. Epidemiological estimates of iTTP considered the 3-year period before and after caplacizumab introduction. After stratification by treatment with or without caplacizumab, iTTP patients were characterized for their baseline features. Results: The annual incidence before and after 2020 was estimated in the range of 4.3–5.8 cases/million and 3.6–4.6 cases/million, respectively. From 2018 to 2022, 393 patients with iTTP were included, and 42 of them were treated with caplacizumab. Caplacizumab-treated patients showed better clinical outcomes, with tendentially shorter hospital stays and lower mortality rates (no treated patients died at either 1 month or 3 months after caplacizumab treatment initiation, compared to 10.5% and 11.1% mortality rates at 1 and 3 months, respectively, of the untreated ones). Conclusions: These findings may suggest that caplacizumab advent provided clinical and survival benefits for patients with iTTP.
Age‐dependent variation in the biophysical properties of boreal forests

The changes in boreal forest hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biophysics during succession have critical implications for the sign and magnitude of the vegetation‐climate feedbacks that might occur with a change in fire frequency, and also for the identification and attribution of changes in boreal forest to climate. We combined in situ measurements from eddy covariance sites located along an age transect in a Canadian boreal forest with spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) derived from Landsat and MODIS imagery. We found tight spatial relationships between Landsat SVIs and in situ measurements of three important biophysical properties: albedo, maximum daily uptake of CO2 (FCO2‐max), and leaf area index (LAI). The tasseled cap indices were particularly well suited for tracking biophysical variation along an age transect. Trends in brightness, greenness, and wetness from 1984 to 2005 indicated how succession drives temporal trends in biophysical properties. Albedo and FCO2‐max increased rapidly in the decade following fire and then decreased for the remainder of succession, while LAI continued to increase until ∼135 years and may decrease thereafter. The ratio of greenness to wetness indicated that photosynthesis was limited by leaf area before 10–12 years and by reduced leaf‐level photosynthetic rates thereafter, coinciding with the successional replacement of broadleaf deciduous species by evergreen conifer species. The timing of phenological events was also strongly age‐dependent, but the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) confounded the disappearance of the snowpack in spring for the onset of photosynthesis. Secondary succession was the dominant source of temporal variability in the biophysical properties we examined.
Throphic groups of demersal fish community from the continental shelf, Ubatuba, Brazil: I. Chrondrichthyes

Stomach contents of seven cartilaginous fish species were analysed with the aim to detect trophic groups. Sampling was effectuated between October/85 and July/87 off the coast of Ubatuba (Sao Paulo, Brazil) in waters up 50 m depth. The relative importance of different components of the diet was expressed as a percentage frequency of occurrence and percentage number. The seven species were grouped in: fish feeders - Squalus cubensis; benthonic crustacean and fish feeders - Raja castelnaui, Raja cyclophora, Raja agassizi; benthonic invertebrate feeders - Rhinobatos horkelii, Zapteryx brevirostris, Psammobatis glansdissimilis.
Spatial organization in the step‐pool structure of a steep mountain stream (Vogelbach, Switzerland)

Spatial organization in the step‐pool structure of a 1.58 km long section of the Vogelbach, a steep mountain stream (average channel bed slope 0.17 m/m) in the Alpthal basin, Switzerland, is analyzed to evaluate the extent of randomness in the occurrence of steps and to isolate the potential hydraulic and topographic controls on step placement. Statistics of the observed step sequence are compared with those of random sequences generated by permutation from the observed step height distribution. Hydraulic and topographic controls on step placement are analyzed from step length and steepness distributions and relations between mean step properties and step height and channel gradient for both observed and random sequences. Results show that (1) observed step length distributions are statistically significantly different from randomly generated sequences, (2) step steepness is significantly different in observed data because of a positive correlation between mean step length and height and it remains fairly constant for all step sizes, (3) spatial organization in steps does not extend far beyond the nearest step, and (4) the influence of channel gradient on step properties is insignificant and highly variable, indicating that hydraulic rather than topographic controls are dominant for step placement in this stream. Although the Vogelbach is a steep stream on the boundary between a cascading and step‐pool morphology where we would expect randomness to dominate, spatial organization was nevertheless detected in many important aspects of the step‐pool geometry.