Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new genus Unguispora in Kickxellales shows an intermediate lifestyle between saprobic and gut-inhabiting fungi

ABSTRACT Kickxellomycotina encompasses two fungal groups: a saprobic group in excrement and soil and an arthropod gut-inhabiting group. The evolutionary transition between these two lifestyles is unclear due to the lack of knowledge on intermediate forms and lifestyles. Here, we describe a new species, Unguispora rhaphidophoridarum, that was isolated from the excrement of cave crickets (Rhaphidophoridae) in Japan. This species has a novel lifestyle that is intermediate between the saprobic and gut-inhabiting groups. The new genus Unguispora is a member of the Kickxellales and characterized by the sterile appendages born on the sporocladium and by the claw-like ornamentation of the sporangiole. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA showed that this fungus is distinct from all known kickxellalean genera and is sister to Linderina. The sporangiospore of the new species germinated only in anaerobiosis and grew in a yeast-like form. The yeast-like cells, defined as “secondary spores,” germinated into hyphae in aerobiosis. In the alimentary tract of cave crickets, the sporangiola are attached to the proventriculus (foregut) by the claw-like ornamentation and multiplicate in the same yeast-like form as under culture. We introduce a new term, “amphibious fungi,” to describe fungi that have two life stages, one outside and the other inside the host gut, like U. rhaphidophoridarum. The discovery of an amphibious fungus in Kickxellales, which was formerly considered to be only saprobic, suggests that Kickxellomycotina has evolved in association with the animal gut.
Recommendations for Integrating a Social Justice Framework into Clinical Practice: A qualitative analysis with implications for psychology training programs

Social justice is a frequently used buzz word yet an abstract concept in clinical training. As a result, there is minimal guidance on how to implement social justice in clinical practice, which leads to training gaps, uncertainty, and discomfort among clinicians serving historically oppressed populations. This study examined how to integrate the social justice principles of community psychology into clinical psychology practice among doctoral students. The integration of the following social justice principles were analyzed: addressing oppression and social context, utilizing strength-based approaches, facilitating empowerment, acknowledging and managing privilege, and effective advocacy. We utilized qualitative methods to complete 26 one-on-one interviews and a focus group with 5 participants to understand student experiences and explore how they applied the above social justice principles to their clinical practice. Through an iterative process, doctoral student responses were synthesized into a list of recommendations on how to integrate a social justice framework into clinical work. The primary results from this study suggest that students in clinical-community psychology doctoral programs try to use client-centered strategies to understand their clients’ experiences of oppression and incorporate social context and a strengths-based approach into multiple aspects of practice, such as treatment planning and advocacy to connect clients to resources. Students also reported managing their privilege through internal self-reflection and occasional self-disclosure during therapy with clients. However, despite the desire to use socially just practices, several training gaps and needs emerged. These gaps included the need to identify methods of measuring and confirming client empowerment as well as supervisory and institutional support for effective advocacy work. Thus, implications for integrating social justice principles into clinical-community psychology programs, clinical psychology, and related disciplines are discussed.
The Influence of Leadership Styles on Employees Performance under Perceptions of Organizational Politics: A Study of Telecom Sector in Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of leadership styles and employee performance. In addition to that, this study also examines the mediation effect of perceived organizational politics between leadership styles and employee performance in the telecom sector of Lahore, Pakistan. Positivism research paradigm and deductive research approach has been adopted. Survey research method and focus group interviews have been triangulated in order to validate the findings of the research. Random sampling technique has been used in which 360 questionnaires has been distributed in the selected telecom companies of Lahore, Pakistan and 249 valid questionnaire were received at a response rate of 69%. Results of this study indicated that transformational leadership is insignificantly related with employee performance while transactional leadership significantly related with the employee performance. This findings of this study also indicated that perceived organizational politics fully mediate the relationship of transformational leadership and employee performance. Moreover, perceived organizational politics partially mediate the relationship of transactional leadership and employee performance. Future implications and limitations are also discussed.
DUST OBSCURATION IN LYMAN BREAK GALAXIES AT z ∼ 4

Measuring star formation rates (SFRs) in high-z galaxies with their rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum can be uncertain because of dust obscuration. Prior studies had used the submillimeter emission at 850 μm to determine the intrinsic SFRs of rest-frame UV-selected galaxies, but the results suffered from the low sensitivity and poor resolution (∼15″). Here, we use ultradeep Very Large Array 1.4 GHz images with ∼1″–2″ resolutions to measure the intrinsic SFRs. We perform stacking analyses in the radio images centered on ∼3500 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z ∼ 4 in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North and South fields selected with Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys data. The stacked radio flux is very low, 0.08 ± 0.15 μJy, implying a mean SFR of . This is comparable to the uncorrected mean UV SFRs of , implying that the z ∼ 4 LBGs have little dust extinction. The low SFR and dust extinction support the previous results that z ∼ 4 LBGs are in general not submillimeter galaxies. We further show that there is no statistically significant excess of dust-hidden star-forming components within ∼22 kpc from the LBGs.
Status of Hořava gravity: A personal perspective

Hořava gravity is a relatively recent (Jan 2009) idea in theoretical physics for trying to develop a quantum field theory of gravity. It is not a string theory, nor loop quantum gravity, but is instead a traditional quantum field theory that breaks Lorentz invariance at ultra-high (presumably trans-Planckian) energies, while retaining approximate Lorentz invariance at low and medium (sub-Planckian) energies. The challenge is to keep the Lorentz symmetry breaking controlled and small — small enough to be compatible with experiment. I will give a very general overview of what is going on in this field, paying particular attention to the disturbing role of the scalar graviton.
On integrability of variable coefficient nonlinear Schrodinger equations

We apply Painlev\'e test to the most general variable coefficient nonlinear Schrodinger (VCNLS) equations as an attempt to identify integrable classes and compare our results versus those obtained by the use of other tools like group-theoretical approach and the Lax pairs technique of the soliton theory. We present explicit transformation formulae that can be used to generate new analytic solutions of VCNLS equations from those of the integrable NLS equation.
Quantum Quenches in the Hubbard Model: Time Dependent Mean Field Theory and The Role of Quantum Fluctuations

We study the non equilibrium dynamics in the fermionic Hubbard model after a sudden change of the interaction strength. To this scope, we introduce a time dependent variational approach in the spirit of the Gutzwiller ansatz. At the saddle-point approximation, we find at half filling a sharp transition between two different regimes of small and large coherent oscillations, separated by a critical line of quenches where the system is found to relax. Any finite doping washes out the transition, leaving aside just a sharp crossover. In order to investigate the role of quantum fluctuations, we map the model onto an auxiliary Quantum Ising Model in a transverse field coupled to free fermionic quasiparticles. Remarkably, the Gutzwiller approximation turns out to correspond to the mean field decoupling of this model in the limit of infinite coordination lattices. The advantage is that we can go beyond mean field and include gaussian fluctuations around the non equilibrium mean field dynamics. Unlike at equilibrium, we find that quantum fluctuations become massless and eventually unstable before the mean field dynamical critical line, which suggests they could even alter qualitatively the mean field scenario.
General relativistic model of hot accretion flows with global Compton cooling

We present a model of optically thin, two-temperature accretion flows using an exact Monte Carlo treatment of global Comptonization, with seed photons from synchrotron and bremsstrahlung emission, as well as with a fully general relativistic description of both the radiative and hydrodynamic processes. We consider accretion rates for which the luminosities of the flows are between similar to 10(-3) and 10(-2) of the Eddington luminosity. The black hole spin parameter strongly affects the flow structure within the innermost similar or equal to 10 gravitational radii. The resulting large difference between the Coulomb heating in models with a non-rotating and a rapidly rotating black hole is, however, outweighed by a strong contribution of compression work, much less dependent on spin. The consequent reduction of effects related to the value of the black spin is more significant at smaller accretion rates. For a non-rotating black hole, the compressive heating of electrons dominates over their Coulomb heating, and results in an approximately constant radiative efficiency of approximate to 0.4 per cent in the considered range of luminosities. For a rapidly rotating black hole, the Coulomb heating dominates, the radiative efficiency is similar or equal to 1 per cent and it slightly increases (but less significantly than estimated in some previous works) with increasing accretion rate. Our study neglects the direct heating of electrons, which effect can lead to larger differences between the radiative properties of models with a non-rotating and a rapidly rotating black hole than estimated here. Flows with the considered parameters produce rather hard spectra, with the photon spectral index Gamma similar to 1.6, and with high-energy cut-offs at several hundred keV. We find an agreement between our model, in which the synchrotron emission is the main source of seed photons, and observations of black hole binaries in their hard states and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at low luminosities. In particular, our model predicts a hardening of the X-ray spectrum with increasing luminosity, as indeed observed below similar to 0.01L(E) or so in both black hole binaries and AGNs. Also, our model approximately reproduces the luminosity and the slope of the X-ray emission in Cen A.
The creation of ideas in physics : studies for a methodology of theory construction

Preface. Introduction J. Leplin. On the Methods of Science, D. Shapere. Eliminative Induction as a Method of Discovery: How Einstein Discovered General Relativity J.D. Norton. The Manifold of Possibilities: Comments on John Norton J. Stachel. Einstein's Luckiest Thought R. Torretti. Einstein's Methodology of Discovery was Newtonian Deduction from the Phenomena J. Dorling. Newton's New Way of Inquiry W. Harper, G. Smith. A Specimen of Theory Construction from Quantum Gravity R.D. Sorkin. The Hartle-Hawking Proposal for the Quantum State of the Universe D.N. Page. On the Introduction of New Ideas in Science D. Shapere. Prior Information and the Development of New Ideas: The Copenahgen Family of Theories A. Cordero. Subject Index. Name Index.
Applications of Machine Learning in Resource Management for RAN-Slicing in 5G and Beyond Networks: A Survey

One of the key foundations of 5th Generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) networks is network slicing, in which the network is partitioned into several separated logical networks, taking into account the requirements of diverse applications. In this context, resource management is of great importance to instantiate and operate network slices and meet their performance and functional requirements. Resource management in Radio Access Networks (RANs) is associated with a range of challenges due to network dynamics and the specific requirements of each application while ensuring performance isolation. In this paper, we present a survey on state-of-the-art works that employ Machine Learning (ML) techniques in RAN slicing. We begin by reviewing the challenges, then we review the existing papers on resource management in a comprehensive manner, and classify the papers based on the used ML algorithm, the addressed challenges, and the type of allocated resources. We evaluate the maturity of current methods and state a number of open challenges and some solutions to address these challenges in RAN resource management.
N=2 Supersymmetry and U(1)-Duality

Understanding the consequences of the E_{7(7)} duality on the UV properties of N=8 supergravity requires unravelling when and how duality-covariant actions can be constructed so as to accommodate duality-invariant counter-terms. For non-supersymmetric abelian gauge theories exhibiting U(1)-duality, with and without derivative couplings, it was shown that such a covariant construction is always possible. In this paper we describe a similar procedure for the construction of covariant non-linear deformations of U(1)-duality invariant theories in the presence of rigid N=2 supersymmetry. This is a concrete step towards studying the interplay of duality and extended supersymmetry.
Exploration of Systemic Barriers to Tef Research and Development in Central Ethiopia: A Coupled Structural-Functional Innovation Systems Analysis

Over the years, there has been a continuous increase in the demand for tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) due to population growth, average incomes and urbanization in Ethiopia, but its innovation system has not been fully explored. This research aims to determine the supportive effect of tef innovation system on its investigation and development as well as the systemic constraints in the process. A coupled structural-functional innovation system analysis was used to explore the barriers faced in Central Ethiopia. The results revealed the constraints affecting the innovation system, namely limited capacity of existing actors, weak interactions and partnerships among actors, weak enforcement of institutions as well as inadequate/poor infrastructure. They also showed that technology development, technology diffusion, entrepreneurial activities, market development, resource mobilization and legitimacy creation have been the weak functions of tef innovation. Furthermore, a failure in one of the functions has a knock-on effect on others, which causes an overall dysfunctional innovation system. Based on the results, failures of the structural elements along with weaknesses of functions have constrained the development of tef innovation systems sector. A combination of technological, institutional and technical intervention must be implemented to overcome this problem.
A mapping study of L1174 with 13CO J=2-1 and 12CO J=3-2: star formation triggered by a Herbig Ae/Be star

We have carried out a comprehensive study of the molecular conditions and star-forming activities in dark cloud L1174 with multi-wavelength data. Mapping observations of L1174 in $^{13}$CO $J=2-1$ and $^{12}$CO $J=3-2$ were performed using the KOSMA 3-meter telescope. Six molecular cores with masses ranging from 5 to 31 $M_\odot$ and sizes ranging from 0.17 to 0.39 pc are resolved. Large area ahead of a Herbig Be star, HD 200775, is in expanding and core 1 is with collapse signature. Large line widths of $^{13}$CO $J=2-1$ indicate the ubiquity of turbulent motions in this region. Spectra of $^{12}$CO $J=3-2$ prevalently show conspicuously asymmetric double-peaked profiles. In a large area, red-skewed profiles are detected and suggestive of a scenario of global expansion. There is a large cavity around the Herbig Be star HD 200775, the brightest star in L1174. The gas around the cavity has been severely compressed by the stellar winds from HD 200775. Feedbacks from HD 200775 may have helped form the molecular cores around the cavity. Seventeen 2MASS potential young stellar objects were identified according to their 2MASS colour indices. The spatial distribution of the these 2MASS sources indicates that some of them have a triggered origin. All these suggest that feedbacks from a Herbig Ae/Be star may also have the potential to trigger star forming activities.
The welfare state and support for environmental action in Europe

How do welfare state policies affect the political support for environmental action of economically vulnerable social groups? Two competing hypotheses can be delineated. On the one hand, a synergy logic would imply that welfare state generosity is associated with higher support for environmental action among economically vulnerable groups due to the insecurity reducing effects of the welfare state. On the other hand, a crowding-out logic would suggest that welfare state generosity is associated with lower support for other policy priorities like environmental action. We test these two hypotheses using 2019 Eurobarometer survey data and country-level indicators of welfare state generosity in 22 European countries. We find that the working class and the elderly are particularly opposed to individual and national environmental action and that the welfare state plays a complex moderating role. Consistent with a synergy logic, welfare state generosity increases pro-environmental behaviour among the working class, but its association with more positive attitudes towards national environmental policies is less strong. Consistent with a crowding-out logic, the elderly appear less likely to behave in environmentally friendly ways if retirement benefits are high. To explore the mechanisms behind this association, we show that the working class who struggle to pay their bills are most opposed to environmental action. Overall, economic insecurities are key obstacles for support of environmental actions and the effects of the welfare state depend both on which social group is concerned and whether individual behaviour versus policy preferences are considered.
Experimental determination of conduction channels in atomic-scale conductors based on shot noise measurements

We demonstrate a general procedure for determining the conduction channels of quantum conductors from shot noise measurements. This numerical approach allows multichannel analysis which was previously limited to superconductors. Channel analysis of Ag and Au atomic contacts reveals a remarkable behavior in which the channels fully open one by one with increasing conductance. These results allow us to unambiguously distinguish between free-electron and tight-binding descriptions for the conductance of monovalent contacts. Furthermore, thechannelresolutionuncoversthepresenceoftunnelingchannelsinparalleltotheconductancethroughthemain contact and provides a means for distinguishing between the contact conductance and tunneling contributions. Finally, unique channel distributions were found for Al and Pt contacts reflecting their distinct valence orbital structures.
Instructor experiences with online guitar lessons during the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey

This study aims to analyze the distance guitar education provided by universities during the pandemic process based on the opinions of guitar educators. Twenty-six guitar instructors (academicians) who taught guitar in 24 universities participated in the study, and the data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Findings were interpreted under five categories, which were technical resources, functionality, motivation, guitar studies, and evaluation. It was found that technical problems, for example, audio delays, disconnection, and freezing were encountered. Although technical issues on the guitar can be overcome to a certain extent, it was reported that works such as musicality, and nuance were not reflected in the course. It was also emphasized that the technological possibilities are insufficient in reflecting the depths of the sound coming out of the guitar, and individual instrument guitar lessons must not be considered separately from face-to-face education. It was concluded that distance education leaves out the emotional aspects of music, and distance education can continue to support face-to-face education in the future.
The Role of Aerobic Capacity and Strength Levels on Wingate Performance and Lactate Concentrations

Background: Blood lactate (La-) is commonly assessed in tests of sport performance. Sports that utilize intermittent high intensity effort, monitoring of La- from previous exercise can be useful to document intensity of effort. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role La- played during successive Wingate (Win) tests and subsequent anaerobic exercise performance. Method: Well-trained, national team athletes from Jordan (n = 31) volunteered to participate. A quasi-experimental design was utilized to test Win performance and La- concentration. All participants engage in two Win tests with one minute rest between sets. La- was collected at four time points (prior to Win test 1, immediately after Win 1, after Win 2 and after a 10 minute recovery period). Results: Findings from a multiple linear regression model (p = 0.032) showed increased levels of La- accumulation as a predictor to higher power and strength (p = 0.046). Conversely, peak aerobic capacity was a predictor for decreasing La- accumulation over time (p = 0.039), which may suggest faster recovery. Conclusion: Anaerobic athletes who participate in short, high intense bouts of exercise may require high intensity training programs to increase aerobic fitness, power output, and optimal performance. Practical applications include optimizing training programs to reflect competition.
The rift between executive contraction and executive detraction: the case of European Commission battery policy-making

ABSTRACT Providing policy solutions to solve across border societal challenges in Europe, such as electrifying the transport sector by facilitating a European battery industry, call for increased coordination among policy-makers. This article offers a novel study of the formulation of the European Commission’s (Commission’s) battery regulation proposal. In doing so, the paper makes two distinct contributions to extant literature: Theoretically, it outlines two conceptual models of executive governance – that of the Commission as a contracted and a detracted institution – and offers an institutional-organizational approach to account for conditions under which each of these models is likely to unfold. Empirically, the paper offers a case study of the process of drafting the Commission’s battery regulation proposal. Benefiting from semi-structured interviews, the study reveals patterns of executive contraction and detraction in the Commission. Whereas extant literature picture the Commission as an increasingly centralized and contracted executive institution, this study finds that executive contraction and detraction tend to co-evolve and co-exist.