Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syntactic and Semantic Analysis of Research Articles' Introduction Sections Published in Egyptian and International Journals in Linguistics

The present paper seeks to analyze the process types of transitivity, nominalization types, tense usage, and voice choice of Research Article Introductions (RAIs) written by Egyptian and international researchers in linguistics. The corpus of the study consists of 50 RAIs selected from Egyptian and international journals from 2014 to 2021. The study is based on Halliday's (1967) Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) for identifying processes of transitivity and nominalization types. It also depends on both qualitative and quantitative techniques to analyze the selected data. It has been found that the two groups were similar in terms of transitivity process types. That is, material process which indicate actions, had the highest percentage compared to the other processes. Both samples also used the first kind of nominalization (verb to noun) more frequently than the second one (adjective to noun). As for tense and voice, both Egyptian and international Research Articles (RAs) were found to be similar in using present simple tense and active voice the most. The current paper contributes to a better understanding of the transitivity system, nominalization types, tense usage and voice choice. It is expected to provide Egyptian and apprentice scholars with various
Real-World Use and Predictors of Response to Disopyramide in Patients with Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Background: Although disopyramide has been widely used to reduce left ventricular outflow obstruction (LVOTO) and to improve symptoms in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM), its use in real world as well as patient characteristics associated with a positive treatment response are still unclear. Methods: From 1980 to 2021, 1527 patients with HCM were evaluated and 372 (23%) had a LVOTO with active follow-up. The efficacy and safety of disopyramide were assessed systematically during 12 months (2-, 6-, and 12-month visits). Responders were patients with a final NYHA = I and a LVOTO < 30 mmHg; incomplete responders were those patients with NYHA > I and a LVOTO < 30 mmHg; and non-responders were symptomatic patients with no change in functional class NYHA and a LVOT gradient > 30 mmHg. Results: Two-hundred-fifty-four (66%) patients were in functional class NYHA I/II and 118 (34%) in NYHA III/IV. A total of 118/372 (32%, 55 ± 16 years) underwent disopyramide therapy. Twenty-eight (24%) patients responded to therapy, 39 (33%) were incomplete responders, and 51 (43%) did not respond. Responder were mainly patients in functional NYHA class I/II (24/28, 86%), whereas incomplete responders and non-responders were more often in functional NYHA class III/IV (50/54 (93%)). An independent predictor of response to disopyramide treatment was the presence of NYHA I/II at the initiation of therapy (HR 1.5 (95% CI 1.1–4.5), p = 0.03). No major life-threatening arrhythmic events or syncope occurred, despite 19 (16%) patients showing reduced QTc from baseline, 19 (16%) having no difference, while 80 (69%) patients had prolonged QTc interval. Thirty-one (26%) patients experienced side effects, in particular, 29 of the anticholinergic type. Conclusions: Disopyramide was underused in oHCM but effective in reducing LVOTO gradients and symptoms in slightly symptomatic patients with less severe disease phenotype with a safe pro-arrhythmic profile.
Patients With a History of Spine Surgery Receiving Chiropractic Spinal Manipulation in US Academic Health Centers: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study

Introduction: The number and characteristics of patients with previous spine surgery receiving chiropractic spinal manipulation (CSM) are largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the proportion of patients receiving CSM with a history of spine surgery, the characteristics of these patients, and the treatments received compared to a broader population of patients receiving CSM. Methods: We queried a 110-million-patient United States (US) network of aggregated records and claims data from patients attending integrated academic health centers (TriNetX, Inc.) on March 6, 2023, yielding data spanning 2013-2023. We identified two patient groups: (1) those receiving CSM and (2) a subset receiving CSM with prior spine surgery. We compared baseline characteristics and treatments received over a one-year follow-up after CSM. Results: Of the 81,291 patients receiving CSM, 8,808 (10.8%) had at least one prior spine surgery. Patients with prior spine surgery receiving CSM were older, more often female, more often non-Hispanic/Latino and White, less often Black, had a greater body mass index, and had a higher prevalence of low back and neck pain compared to the broader CSM cohort (p<0.0001 for each). Those with prior spine surgery were also more likely to receive multiple medications, physiotherapy procedures, and spinal injections (p<0.0001 for each). Conclusion: Patients receiving CSM with a history of spine surgery comprise a substantial proportion of CSM patients in large US academic health centers. This subset of patients differs characteristically from the broader CSM population and more often receives medications, physiotherapy, and spinal injections. Further research is needed to examine the safety and efficacy of CSM in this population, given the high proportion of patients and limited research on this topic.
Common Mistakes Committed and Challenges Faced in Research Proposal Writing by University of Aden Postgraduate Students

The purpose of this study is to investigate the common mistakes committed by the postgraduate students as well as the challenges they faced during writing their proposals. The study obtained a convince sampling in which 15 postgraduate students of English Department, University of Aden were recruited. In this study, the data was collected by using the students' proposals, and their correction forms, as well as using focused group discussion. The researcher analyzed the data and used qualitative analyses i.e., content-based analyses by highlighting the main themes. The findings of the study indicated that the majority of the postgraduate students committed common mistakes such as the choice of an appropriate title, unclear statement of the problem, writing irrelevant literature review, choosing inappropriate methodology, references system was not clear and some plagiarism issues. Moreover, it was investigated that the postgraduate students generally had some challenges in using standard proposal format, writing literature reviews, methodology skills and other supervision issues. These findings are of great importance for instructors at postgraduate program.
Hemodialysis Catheter Infections and The Role of Health Education Program Implementation in Benha University Hospital

Background : A bloodstream infection that has been proven by a laboratory within 48 hours after the installation of a central line and is unrelated to an infection at another location is known as a "central line-associated bloodstream infection" (CLABSI). Objective: To improve the safety of patients with Central Venous Catheter (CVC) via decreasing the incidence of Catheter–Related Blood Stream Infection (CRBSI) in hemodialysis patients at Benha University Hospital. Patients and Methods: This study was a prospective interventional study conducted at Hemodialysis Center in Benha University Hospital on 45 patients with CVC inserted more than 48 h and followed up for CRBSI during the period from the beginning of February 2021 till the end of April 2021, followed by educational program during May 2021 about general infection control measures and to preventive bundles of CLABSI, then reassessment was done during the period from the beginning of June 2021 till the end of September 2021. Results : 45 patients, males and females were equally distributed before and after intervention educational program, whose median age was 62 years old, the incidence of infection in the pre–intervention was 40 % which was significantly decreased after intervention to 13.3 %. The intervention had significantly decreased the incidence of the participants, fever, chills, discharge and tenderness (P< 0.05), comparison between infection control practices (pre-intervention versus post-intervention) showed that the intervention had significantly improved the infection control practices. Conclusion: The catheter related infection (CRI) among dialysis patients is due to prolonged duration of CVC usage and difficult insertion have been found as risk factors of infection. Patient role (Keep the catheter dressing clean and dry), catheter type and CVC insertion duration was the significant predictor of presence of infection.
A simple treatment of complexity: cosmological entropic boundary conditions on increasing complexity

One of the central questions of evolutionary biology and cosmology is: is there a general trend towards increasing complexity? In order to answer that question, it would help to have a definition of complexity that can be quantified. Various definitions of complexity have been proposed (Gell-Mann, 1994, 1995; Kauffman, 1995; Adami, 2002; Gell-Mann & Lloyd, 2003; Fullsack, 2011). With useful oversight, Lloyd (2001) groups various conceptions of complexity into three groups based on (1) difficulty of description (measured in bits) (2) difficulty of creation (measured in time, energy or price) and (3) degree of organization (measured in . . . ? . . . , we’re not sure). For more details see: Weaver, 1948; Traub et al., 1983; Chaitin, 1987; Weber et al., 1988; Wicken, 1988; Bennett, 1988; Lloyd & Pagels, 1988; Zurek, 1989; Crutchfield & Young, 1989; McShea, 2000; Adami et al., 2000; Adami, 2002; Hazen et al., 2008; Li & Vitanyi, 2008; McShea & Brandon, 2010. I will not try to unify these mildly-compatible definitions of complexity, since such an effort would probably resemble the
Pharmacological Modulation of Temporal Discounting: A Systematic Review

Temporal discounting is a phenomenon where a reward loses its value as a function of time (e.g., a reward is more valuable immediately than when it delays in time). This is a type of intertemporal decision-making that has an association with impulsivity and self-control. Many pathologies exhibit higher discounting rates, meaning they discount more the values of rewards, such as addictive behaviors, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders, social anxiety disorders, and major depressive disorder, among others; thus, many studies look for the mechanism and neuromodulators of these decisions. This systematic review aims to investigate the association between pharmacological administration and changes in temporal discounting. A search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and Cochrane. We used the PICO strategy: healthy humans (P-Participants) that received a pharmacological administration (I-Intervention) and the absence of a pharmacological administration or placebo (C-Comparison) to analyze the relationship between the pharmacological administration and the temporal discounting (O-outcome). Nineteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The most important findings were the involvement of dopamine modulation in a U-shape for choosing the delayed outcome (metoclopradime, haloperidol, and amisulpride). Furthermore, administration of tolcapone and high doses of d-amphetamine produced a preference for the delayed option. There was a time-dependent hydrocortisone effect in the preference for the immediate reward. Thus, it can be concluded that dopamine is a crucial modulator for temporal discounting, especially the D2 receptor, and cortisol also has an important time-dependent role in this type of decision. One of the limitations of this systematic review is the heterogeneity of the drugs used to assess the effect of temporal discounting.
Geriatric Services Hub — A Collaborative Frailty Management Model between The Hospital and Community Providers

Background Frailty is an important geriatric syndrome especially with ageing populations. Frailty can be managed or even reversed with community-based interventions delivered by a multi-disciplinary team. Innovation is required to find community frailty models that can deliver cost-effective and feasible care to each local context. Objectives We share pilot data from our Geriatric Service Hub (GSH) which is a novel frailty care model in Singapore that identifies and manages frailty in the community, supported by a hospital-based multi-disciplinary team. Methods We describe in detail our GSH model and its implementation. We performed a retrospective data analysis on patient characteristics, uptake, prevalence of frailty and sarcopenia and referral rates for multi-component interventions. Results A total of 152 persons attended between January 2020 to May 2021. Majority (59.9%) were female and mean age was 81.0 ± 7.1 years old. One-fifth (21.1%) of persons live alone. Mean Charlson Comorbidity Index was 5.2 ± 1.8. Based on the clinical frailty risk scale (CFS), 31.6% were vulnerable, 51.3% were mildly frail and 12.5% were moderately frail. Based on SARC-F screening, 45.3% were identified to be sarcopenic whilst 56.9% had a high concern about falling using the Falls-Efficacy Scale-International. BMD scans were done for 41.4% of participants, of which 58.7% were started on osteoporosis treatment. In terms of referrals to allied health professionals, 87.5% were referred for physiotherapy, 71.1% for occupational therapy and 50.7% to dieticians. Conclusion The GSH programme demonstrates a new local model of partnering with community service providers to bring comprehensive population level frailty screening and interventions to pre-frail and frail older adults. Our study found high rates of frailty, sarcopenia and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults who were not presently known to geriatric care services.
Global Distribution and Morphology of Small Seamounts

Seamounts are isolated elevations in the seafloor with circular or elliptical plans, comparatively steep slopes, and relatively small summit area (Menard, 1964). The vertical gravity gradient (VGG), which is the curvature of the ocean surface topography derived from satellite altimeter measurements, has been used to map the global distribution of seamounts (Kim & Wessel, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05076.x). We used the latest grid of VGG to update and refine the global seamount catalog; we identified 19,325 new seamounts, expanding a previously published catalog having 24,643 seamounts. Seven hundred thirty‐nine well‐surveyed seamounts, having heights ranging from 421 to 2,500 m, were used to estimate the typical radially symmetric seamount morphology. First, an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis was used to demonstrate that these small seamounts have a basal radius that is linearly related to their height—their shapes are scale invariant. Two methods were then used to compute this characteristic base to height ratio: an average Gaussian fit to the stack of all profiles and an individual Gaussian fit for each seamount in the sample. The first method combined the radial normalized height data from all 739 seamounts to form median and median‐absolute deviation. These data were fit by a 2‐parameter Gaussian model that explained 99.82% of the variance. The second method used the Gaussian function to individually model each seamount in the sample and further establish the Gaussian model. Using this characteristic Gaussian shape we show that VGG can be used to estimate the height of small seamounts to an accuracy of ∼270 m.
Sources, Composition, and Export of Particulate Organic Matter Across British Estuaries

Estuaries receive and process a large amount of particulate organic carbon (POC) prior to its export into coastal waters. Studying the origin of this POC is key to understanding the fate of POC and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle. Here, we evaluated the concentrations of POC, as well as particulate organic nitrogen (PON), and used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to assess their sources across 13 contrasting British estuaries during five different sampling campaigns over 1 year. We found a high variability in POC and PON concentrations across the salinity gradient, reflecting inputs, and losses of organic material within the estuaries. Catchment land cover appeared to influence the contribution of POC to the total organic carbon flux from the estuary to coastal waters, with POC contributions >36% in estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage of urban/suburban land, and <11% in estuaries draining catchments with a high peatland cover. There was no seasonal pattern in the isotopic composition of POC and PON, suggesting similar sources for each estuary over time. Carbon isotopic ratios were depleted (−26.7 ± 0.42‰, average ± sd) at the lowest salinity waters, indicating mainly terrigenous POC (TPOC). Applying a two‐source mixing model, we observed high variability in the contribution of TPOC at the highest salinity waters between estuaries, with a median value of 57%. Our results indicate a large transport of terrigenous organic carbon into coastal waters, where it may be buried, remineralized, or transported offshore.
Endoscopic Screening for Missed Lesions of Synchronous Multiple Early Gastric Cancer during Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

Aims To evaluate the value of endoscopic screening during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the detection of synchronous multiple early gastric cancer (SMEGC) and the risk factors for missed diagnosis of SMEGC. Methods We conducted gastric endoscopic screening during ESD operation in 271 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) referred for ESD, and endoscopic follow-up within 1 year after the operation. The detection and characteristics of SMEGC were analyzed in three stages: before ESD, during ESD operation, and within 1 year after ESD. Results SMEGC was detected in 37 of 271 patients (13.6%). Among them, 21 patients with SMEGC (56.8%) were diagnosed before ESD, 9 (24.3%) were diagnosed with SMEGC by endoscopic screening during ESD operation, and 7 (18.9%) were found to have EGC lesions in the stomach during postoperative endoscopic follow-up within 1 year. The preoperative missed detection rate of SMEGC was 43.2%, and the rate of missed detection could be reduced by 24.3% (9/37) with endoscopic screening during ESD operation. Missed SMEGC lesions were more common in flat or depressed type and smaller in size than the lesions found before ESD. The presence of severe atrophic gastritis and age ≥60 years were significantly correlated with SMEGC (P < 0.05), while multivariate analysis showed that age ≥60 years was an independent risk factor (OR = 2.63, P < 0.05) for SMEGC. Conclusions SMEGC lesions are apt to be missed endoscopically. Special attention should be paid to small, depressed, or flat lesions in detecting SMEGC, especially in elderly patients or (and) patients with severe atrophic gastritis. Endoscopic screening during ESD operation can effectively reduce the missed diagnosis rate of SMEGC.
Experimental investigation on the evolution of the modulation instability with dissipation

Abstract An experimental investigation focusing on the effect of dissipation on the evolution of the Benjamin–Feir instability is reported. A series of wave trains with added sidebands, and varying initial steepness, perturbed amplitudes and frequencies, are physically generated in a long wave flume. The experimental results directly confirm the stabilization theory of Segur et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 539, 2005, pp. 229–271), i.e. dissipation can stabilize the Benjamin–Feir instability. Furthermore, the experiments reveal that the effect of dissipation on modulational instability depends strongly on the perturbation frequency. It is found that the effect of dissipation on the growth rates of the sidebands for the waves with higher perturbation frequencies is more evident than on those of waves with lower perturbation frequencies. In addition, numerical simulations based on Dysthe’s equation with a linear damping term included, which is estimated from the experimental data, can predict the experimental results well if the momentum integral of the wave trains is conserved during evolution.
An Empirical Evaluation of Enhanced Performance Softmax Function in Deep Learning

This article present a highly efficient and performance-enhanced Softmax Function (SF) designed for a deep neural network accelerator. The SF is an essential component of deep learning models, primarily used in the classification layer, and also in hidden layers of advanced neural networks like Transformer and Capsule networks. The primary challenge of designing an efficient hardware architecture for SF is the complex exponential and division computational sub-blocks. To address this challenge, a hardware-optimized pipelined CORDIC-based architecture is proposed, leveraging the mutual exclusivity of the CO-ordinate Rotational DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm, designed for enhanced throughput, area, and power. To maintain good accuracy in deep learning models, the proposed SF design undergoes a Pareto study that evaluates the variation of accuracy concerning the number of pipeline stages. The proposed design is quantized to 16-bit precision, and inference accuracy is validated for different datasets. The SF is prototyped using Xilinx Zynq FPGA, operating at 685MHz, and ASIC implementation is performed for 45nm technology node at 5GHz of maximum operating frequency. The design achieves a validation accuracy loss of less than 2% while reducing silicon area and Energy-Delay-Product (EDP) by $12\times $ . Post-synthesis simulation results indicate that the proposed design outperforms state-of-the-art architectures, achieving $3\times $ better performance in terms of area, power, and logic delay.
Financial attitude and financial performance of export MSMEs: Financial well-being as a mediating

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial attitudes on financial well-being and financial performance moreover, it analyses financial well-being to mediate the effect of financial attitudes on MSME financial performance. This is explanatory research with quantitative data analysis method. The unit of analysis is the 112 small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in the handicraft industry that export in Banyuwangi Regency. Samples were drawn using saturation and census sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, explain that there is a direct effect of financial attitudes on financial well-being and financial performance and financial well-being can mediate the effect of financial attitudes on financial performance. This study concludes that the financial attitude of MSMEs for export handicrafts in Banyuwangi Regency contributes to financial well-being and improving financial performance and financial well-being is able to improve financial performance and is able to mediate the effect of financial attitudes on MSME financial performance. This study’s practical implication is that the export of handicraft (MSMEs) in Banyuwangi Regency need to have a financial attitude to develop a knowledge of personal financial orientation such as the ability to create effective financial planning records.