Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiological Response of Imagery Running with or without an Avatar in 3D Virtual Reality: A Preliminary Study

OBJECTIVES The present study is aimed at observing the physiological response imagery running with an avatar in 3D virtual reality (VR) and to explore the differences in physiological responses between imagery running with and without an avatar in 3D VR. METHODS We randomly assigned 32 healthy adults to either a group with Avatar (n = 19) or a group without (n = 13). The group with avatar performed imagery exercise with an avatar in 3D VR and the group without Avatar performed it without an avatar in 3D VR. Both groups were instructed to mentally imagine performing running in VR without executing actual physical movements. We recorded electro-physiological data before, during, and after the 20-min intervention. We also measured the participants’ level of presence and intensity of experienced cybersickness. RESULTS In the group with Avatar, all physiological responses increased from the resting to the intervention period. The group with Avatar also showed a higher level of presence and fewer cybersickness symptoms than the group without Avatar. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest imagery running with an avatar in 3D VR might be effective as an alternative exercise.
New data on the competition between definites and indefinites

In this paper, we report on four experiments investigating obligatory presupposition effects. Specifically, we look at the inferences arising from not using presupposition triggers when their use is supported by the context. We compare these inferences and the contextual factors for their derivation to presuppositions and implicatures. Extending previous work, we explore not only the English definite determiner “the” but also the dual “both” and their respective competition with the universal quantifiers “every” and “all”.
Denoising electromyogram and electroencephalogram signals using improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise

Received Apr 18, 2021 Revised Jul 6, 2021 Accepted Jul 14, 2021 The health of the brain and muscles depends on the proper analysis of electroencephalogram and electromyogram signals without noise. The latter blends into the recording of biomedical signals for external or internal reasons of the human body. Therefore, to obtain a more accurate signal, it is needed to select filtering techniques that minimize the noise. In this study, the techniques used are empirical mode decomposition and its variants. Among the new versions of variants is the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise. These methods are applied to electroencephalogram and electromyogram signals corrupted by natural noise and white Gaussian noise. The obtained results through the use of the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noises how the high performance that includes minimizing the noise and the effectiveness of the components of the signals used in the present research. This method has low values of the mean square error and high values of signal-to-noise ratio compared to other methods used in this study.
Support for group-based inequality among members of low-status groups as an ingroup status-enhancement strategy

We discuss the idea that competition-based motives boost low-status group members’ support for group-based hierarchy and inequality. Specifically, the more low-status group members feel motivated to compete with a relevant high-status outgroup, based on the belief that existing status positions may be reversed, the more they will defend status differentials (i.e., high social dominance orientation; SDO). Using minimal groups (N = 113), we manipulated ingroup (low vs. high) status, and primed unstable status positions to all participants. As expected, we found that SDO positively mediates the relation between ingroup identification and collective action, when ingroup’s status is perceived to be low and status positions are perceived as highly unstable. We discuss the implications of considering situational and contextual factors to better understand individuals’ support for group-based hierarchies and inequality, and the advantages of considering ideological processes in predicting collective action.
Pay satisfaction among doctors and nurses in a tertiary hospital in South-South Nigeria

Background: Employee pay is an important area in human resources management which influences individual behaviour including absenteeism in organizations. Pay satisfaction is a primary concern to employees because of its importance in satisfying their economic needs. The research was conducted to determine the occurrence and factors affecting employee pay satisfaction among doctors and nurses working in a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used for this research on a sample of 320 doctors and nurses in a tertiary hospital that were selected using stratified sampling technique. An interviewer-administered questionnaire containing pay satisfaction details amongst others was used to collect data from the respondents. The data was analysed using statistical package for social sciences version 22 and statistical significance was set at 0.05. The results were presented in tables. Results: The prevalence of pay satisfaction in this study was 16.9%. Specifically, monthly earning (p=0.003) and job category (p=0.008) were found to be significantly associated with pay satisfaction. Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of respondents that were satisfied with their pay was low. There is need to apply practical measures that will improve pay satisfaction among doctors and nurses so as to improve productivity in the health sector.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INDEPENDENT AUDIT COMPANIES AND ACCOUNTING CHOICES OF BRAZILIAN LISTED COMPANIES

The present study aims to verify the association between independent audit firms and accounting choices. The sample consisted of 135 Brazilian listed companies in B3 from 2010 to 2017. The accounting choices regarding the measurement of investment properties, inventory measurement, depreciation rate, depreciation method, operating lease, recognition of purchases or regular sales of financial assets, classification of interest expense, classification of dividends and interest on own capital paid and dividends and interest on own capital received. These choices are selected because they are explicitly contained in the accounting standards and, therefore, are easy to identify in the financial statements. To test the association between audit firms and accounting choices, the Chi-square test was used. The results point to the association of the change of the audit firm with all the accounting choices made, except for the measurement of inventories and the classification of dividends and interest on own capital paid. Additionally, it was verified that the fact that the audit firm is a Big Four is associated with changes in practices related to the measurement of investment properties, inventory measurement and the classification of dividends and interest on own capital paid. Evidence from the study indicates that the audit can be a relevant factor for the understanding of the accounting choices adopted by the companies.
Correlation of the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2/neu with the clinical features and the tumour histopathology in patients of breast carcinoma at mahavir cancer sansthan

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer death in women, with more than 10,00,000 cases occurring worldwide annually. Its incidence varies from one geographical area to the other. Methods: Cases of all breast conservative surgeries and modified radical mastectomy specimen received for routine histopathological evaluation from the department of onco Surgery, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, form the source of data for the study. Results: Infiltrating duct cell carcinoma (NOS) type was the commonest type of carcinoma breast in our institute with significant group occurring in more than 45 years of age. ER and PR positive expression was seen in grade 2 tumors and negative expression was seen with tumor size more than 2cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease. HER2/neu negative expression was seen in the post-menopausal age group, tumor size more than 2 cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease indicating bad prognosis. HER2/neu expression was inversely related to ER and PR expression. HER2/neu expression was seen in 50% of medullary carcinoma which is rare. Triple negative cases were seen in 22.08% cases of infiltrating duct cell carcinoma indicating bad prognosis. Conclusions: A beforehand knowledge of these immunohistochemical markers can help oncotherapists to initiate a correct form of treatment and improve the survival rate in breast carcinoma patients.
A review of COVID-19: a threat to pregnant women?

The outbreak of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has widely spread worldwide. While, mild symptoms have been observed in a majority but on the other hand, the virus may cause severe pulmonary disease. The major concern has been the pregnant women. In this review, we have tried to cover COVID-19 infections transmission, diagnosis, management, prognosis during pregnancy. The evidence on vertical transmission has been lacking. However, physiological changes during pregnancy, make women more vulnerable to this COVID-19. The problem of anxiety also flares up the disease in pregnancy.
Knowledge Regarding Coronavirus Disease-19 Related to Nutritional Practices in Residents of Medan City, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new type of disease, which has never been identified in humans. Some of the primary symptoms are associated with acute respiratory disorders, namely, fever, cough, and shortness of breath. A person’s nutritional status affects the risk of infection and the clinical course of COVID-19. Knowledge is an important domain for the formation of a person’s behavior, because actions based on knowledge are more important than actions or behaviors that are not based on knowledge. AIM: This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge about COVID-19 and the balanced nutritional behavior of the people of Medan City. METHODS: This was a descriptive analytical study, with a cross-sectional research design. The study samples consisted of Medan City residents, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the convenient sampling method. The primary data in this study were drawn from a research questionnaire, which was filled out online. RESULTS: From 200 of the research samples analyzed, 88% had a good level of knowledge towards COVID-19, 59% had a good level of nutrition practices. There was no significant difference between mean score and results for knowledge of COVID-19 and nutritional practices based on certain demographic characteristics. The relationship analysis showed p = 0.22; prevalence ratio = 2.711; and confidence interval 95%= 1.123–6.541 with a correlation value of 0.161. CONCLUSIONS: There was a weak positive relationship between knowledge regarding COVID-19 and nutritional practices in residents of Medan City, Indonesia.
Outbreak of KPC-2 producing Serratia marcescens MDR in a tertiary hospital in the Midwest region, Brazil

About 700,000 deaths per year worldwide are caused of Healthcare-related infections (HAI). Result in significant patient morbidity and mortality, being is ranked the fourth leading cause of death in Brazil. Usually, HAI are caused by multidrug-resistance microorganisms (MDR), as well as Serratia marcescens, that is associated with healthcarerelated infections causing high patient mortality and morbidity. This paper describes an outbreak of S. marcescens MDR carrier gene blaKPC-2 in a university hospital, with the need to broadly combat horizontal transmission of this bacterium between patients, as well as the need to optimize treatment with other antimicrobial classes due to resistance of this microorganism to polymyxins. Ten isolates were analyzed for the presence of carbapenemic resistance gene blaKPC-2. This gene was detected in all isolates, with a corresponding high patient mortality rate, highlighting the importance of its molecular detection, which corroborates the resistance of S. marcescens to carbapenem antibiotics. The detection of this gene is necessary due to the importance to broadly combat horizontal transmission of this bacterium between patients, as well as the need to optimize treatment with other antimicrobial agents due to its resistance to polymyxins.
Caries Prevention in Adults- Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Indian Dental Professionals

Background: Dentists must have accurate knowledge and affirmative attitudes about dental care in order to prevent dental caries. Therefore, the present was conducted with aim to find out knowledge, attitude and actual practices (KAP) for caries prevention in adults on Indian dentist Material and Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted on private dental practitioners of Ghaziabad city. Knowledge on preventive dentistry was assessed by 16 questions with true/false or multiple choice pattern. A total of 8 questions each were utilized for attitude and practices, respectively on a 5-point likert scale. Student’s t-test and One way ANOVA followed by post hoc test was applied to determine the relationship between mean scores of KAP and demographic variables. The significance level was set at below 0.05. Results: Slightly better scores for KAP was found in participants belonging to <30 years of age. The total mean KAP scores of dentists were 8.9 ± 2.2, 26.1 ± 1.7, 21.1 ± 1.9, respectively. Approximately 37% dentist agreed or strongly agreed that fluoride application can prevent dental caries in adults. And 31.5% dentist never advised/performed fluoride application in high caries patients. Conclusion: Strategies to update dentists’ knowledge and practices of primary preventive measures for dental caries may be beneficial in promoting oral health. Findings help in emphasizing the inception and initiation of preventive oral health policies and services in the Indian scenario.
Market integration as a determinant of agricultural prices and economic results of small-scale family farms

Due to the specific features of the land factor, under market conditions, there is a tendency towards income deprivation of farms in relation to their surroundings. One way to improve this situation is to create a system of market institutions for farmer-recipient transactions. The issue of the position of the agricultural producer in the food supply chain is widely described in the literature on the subject. Nevertheless, practical analyses showing the real impact of the marketing position on economic results of farm are still rare. Therefore, the aim of this article is to assess the relationship between market integration and agricultural selling prices and, as a consequence, the level of global output and household income. The analysis is based on primary data from surveys of over 700 small-scale family farms in Poland. The choice of small-scale farms was deliberate, as these entities are the most discriminated against in the food supply chain. Explaining this process is key to improving the economic situation of small-scale farming and constitutes a premise for the objectives of agricultural policy and creating business strategy. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive correlation between the level of integration of an agricultural holding and sales prices for selected groups of agricultural products. This, in turn, leads to the improvement of economic condition of farms more closely integrated with the market.
Effect of incorporating roasted sesame (Sesamum
 indicum) seeds on the quality parameters of chicken
 nuggets

The present study was aimed to develop a value-added chicken nugget by incorporating roasted sesame seeds (RSS) and elucidate its sensory and quality parameter changes during a 28-d frozen storage. Chicken nugget samples were processed to have four treatments as; 1) Nuggets with 0% RSS (w/w) [Control], 2) Nuggets with 5% RSS (w/w) [SN5], 3) Nuggets with 10% RSS (w/w) [SN10] and 4) Nuggets with 15% RSS (w/w) [SN15] with six replications per treatment. The two best nugget samples with RSSs were selected by a sensory panel and tested for physicochemical and microbial quality changes with the control sample during a 28-d frozen storage. Results revealed that SN10 had the highest (p<0.05) crude fat (8.84%), crude protein (14.24%) and ash (3.15%) contents compared to SN5 and the control. During the 28-d frozen storage, the pH of nuggets diminished gradually (p<0.05) in all treatments. SN10 had the highest (p<0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value compared with its counterparts throughout the 28-d frozen storage. The TBARS values and total plate count values increased (p<0.05) in all treatments during the frozen storage, but within the acceptable limits. The water holding capacity of nuggets in all treatments decreased (p<0.05) and cooking loss increased (p<0.05) during the frozen storage. In conclusion, RSSs could be mixed up to 10% to the nugget mixture to prepare nuggets with improved proximate composition, and physicochemical and sensory properties.
Determinant Factors of Labor Turnover- A New Perspective

Purpose: The study aims to develop a conceptual framework based on the existing labor turnover model and test it empirically. The model tested how dissatisfaction with government rules and regulations, work environment, social environment, and shock to the system and demographic factors impact turnover. Design/Methodology/Approach: This is a cross-sectional study conducted based on data collected from 384 employees who have left the garment industry in Sri Lanka. Data were analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Multiple Regression Analysis. Findings: The results indicate dissatisfaction with government rules and regulations, work environment, social environment, a shock to the system, age, service, and income significantly influence labor turnover. Research Limitations/Implications: The scope of this study did not cover factors that can affect employees' turnover, such as dissatisfaction with low performance, voice, and neglect of work, high absenteeism, and grievances. Practical Implications: Policy-makers can use the tested model to determine the causes of the existing issue of labor turnover and intervene to formulate strategies/policies, devise solutions for the same. Management intervention would be effective to help handle and minimize problems associated with the existing issue of labor turnover. Originality/Value: To date, previous studies are based on the existing employees' intention to quit. However, the present study considers employees who have already quit the industry; thus, the study fills the empirical gap in the area of research on labor turnover. Original Research Article Rajapakshe; JEMT, 27(5): 19-35, 2021; Article no.JEMT. 70601 20
Physicochemical characteristics and bioactive compounds of thigh
 meat from Cobb broiler in animal welfare farm

This study was performed to evaluate physicochemical characteristics and bioactive compounds of chicken thigh meat of broilers (Cobb) from animal welfare farm. Carcass of broilers from conventional (n=30) and animal welfare certified farms (n=30) were packaged and stored in cold incubator at 4±1°C for 9 days. Physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of thigh meat were determined on day 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. There was no significant difference in proximate composition and redness. Shear force of thigh meat from animal welfare farm was higher than thigh meat from conventional farm during entire storage (p<0.05). Total aerobic bacteria (TAB) counts of chicken thigh meat from animal welfare farm were significantly lower than it from conventional farm on day 7 and 9. Also, as a lipid oxidation value, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance of thigh from animal welfare farm was significantly lower than that of it from conventional farm (p<0.05). Creatine, creatinine, anserine, and carnosine were not affected by welfare farming during storage. Therefore, this study suggests that Cobb chicken thigh meat from animal welfare farm showed lower TAB, lower lipid oxidation, and higher shear force value than thigh meat from conventional farm after storage day 7. This data can be used as a preliminary data for sustainable production of broilers based on animal welfare farming system in Korea.
Water Production Problem in Gas Reservoirs: Concepts, Challenges, and Practical Solutions

Gas resources play a key role in nowadays energy supply and provide 24% of the diverse energy portfolio. Water encroachment is one of the main trapping mechanisms in gas reservoirs. It decreases recovery by reduction of reservoir life, limits productivity and efficiency of wells, and elevates safety risks in gas production. The lack of a comprehensive study about water production problems is the primary motivation for this study. Contrary to the serious concern over the standalone investigation of an actual water production case study, less concern is put to deal with the problem comprehensively through an investigation of all potential sources and mechanisms, required methods, and available techniques. This study presents the potential sources of the problem, methods to identify it, and approaches to address it. Firstly, possible sources are described. Secondly, the diagnostic techniques are expressed. Then, practical solutions used in actual cases to overcome problems are elaborated. The solutions include both well- and reservoir-oriented approaches. Finally, all proper strategies are summarized to tackle the water problems in gas fields. The current study comprehensively presents the available methods for water control problems in parallel with conceptual and qualitative comparison. The finding of this study can be very constructive for better understanding of water sources, available diagnostic tools, and solutions for controlling water production in gas reservoirs and, consequently, taking the best decision in real case studies before attempting many water shut-off approaches.
Factors Affecting the Level of Rural Households Livelihood Diversification in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Livelihood diversification is enchanting a significant effect in generating household’s income. The livelihood diversification includes:on-farm, non-farm and off-farm strategies which are undertaken to get extra income and moderate hazard and insecurity. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting the level of rural household livelihood diversification in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The study was conducted by using a cross-sectional research design. It is a quantitative dominant concurrent mixed research methodology where the qualitative research is complemented with interpretations and triangulation. By applying multi-stage random sampling technique, a sample size of 400 household heads from 6 sample villages was selected and data were collected using interview schedule and via key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and presented by using tables, graphs and figures while chi-square-test Original Research Article Wallole et al.; AJAEES, 39(8): 19-32, 2021; Article no.AJAEES. 71351 20 and F-test were employed to make statistical inferences. Tobit model was employed to identify the intensity of factors affecting of rural household’s livelihood diversification. Out of the 14 hypothesized explanatory variables, 6 variables namely age, education, access to extension, media access, distance to urban centers and training were found to have significant effect in rural household livelihood diversification decision. Therefore, the findings of this imply that rural households’ development policies should consider these factors in designing rural household livelihood diversification strategy.