Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH RANGE OF MOTION AKTIF (CYLINDRICAL GRIP) TERHADAP KEKUATAN OTOT EKSTREMITAS ATAS PADA PASIEN STROKE NON HEMORAGIK

Stroke adalah suatu tanda klinis yang berkembang cepat akibat gangguan otak lokal atau global dengan gejala-gejala yang berlangsung selama 24 jam atau lebih dan dapat menyebabkan kematian tanpa adanya penyebab lain yang jelas selain vaskuler. Angka kejadian stroke di dunia diperkirakan mencapai 200 per 100.000 penduduk dalam setahun di Indonesia diperkirakan setiap tahunnya terdapat 500.000 orang, dari jumlah tersebut terdapat sekitar 25% atau 125.000 orang meninggal dan sisanya cacat ringan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh range of motion aktif cylindrical grip terhadap kekuatan otot ekstremitas atas pada pasien stroke non hemoragik di RSUD Ungaran Kabupaten Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre experimental one group pretest postest design , dengan teknik sampling yaitu purposi ve sampling . Populasi dari penelitian ini sebanyak 28 orang. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan observasi terstruktur, analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji beda paired sample t test. Didapatkan hasil terdapat perbedaan kekuatan otot sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi ROM aktif cylindrical grip dengan ρ value 0,001 (<0,05) dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ROM aktif cylindrical grip efektif terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot ekstremitas atas. Kata kunci : Stroke Non Hemoragik, ROM Aktif Cylindrical Grip, kekuatan otot esktremitas atas
The use of machine learning and metaheuristic algorithm for wear performance optimization of AISI 1040 steel and investigation of corrosion resistance

AISI 1040 steel offers a wide range of industrial applications due to its mechanical characteristics and applicability. The present work investigates the wear performance of AISI 1040 steel under dry sliding conditions and its optimization using combined machine learning (ML) and metaheuristic algorithm. Sliding wear test were carried out on a pin-on-disc tribometer by varying the load (10–100 N), sliding speed (0.5–1.5 m/s) and sliding distance (400–1000 m). The test parameters were varied at three levels. Experiments were carried out following combinations in Taguchi's L27 orthogonal array (OA). Artificial neural network (ANN) was used to model the process parameters with wear rate. The trained network was optimized using genetic algorithm (GA) to predict optimal wear rate. This methodology has been termed as ANN-GA method. The results were compared with conventional Taguchi based and regression based GA optimization. A significant reduction in the wear rate could be realized due to optimization using ANN-GA method. This work also examined the corrosion behaviour of AISI 1040 steel exposed to 3.5% NaCl, 3.5% NaOH, 0.5 M H2SO4 and 3.5% NaCl + 0.5 M H2SO4 to simulate various corrosive environments encountered in industrial applications. A nobler corrosion potential was obtained in 3.5% NaOH. Investigations of corroded samples showed pitting corrosion in 3.5% NaCl, 0.5 M H2SO4 as well as combined chloride and sulphate attack. On the other hand, negligible corrosion was observed in 3.5% NaOH.
Biochemical and physiological changes occurring during wilting and the early stages of ensilage

1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 3 Plant aspects of ensilage 6 Wilting 9 Biochemical nature of the plant material 13 Biochemical changes during wilting 21 Biochemical changes during the early stages of fermentation 35 Research programme 37 SECTION 1: FIELD STUDIES 39 Introduction 39 Materials and Methods 47 Results 62 Discussion 77 SECTION 2: CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT STUDIES 89 Introduction 89 Materials and Methods 90 Results 123 Discussion 137 SECTION 3: ENSILING STUDIES 167 Introduction 167 Materials and Methods 168 Results 173 Discussion 178
Novel Analysis Identifying Functional Connectivity Patterns Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder that can result from experiencing traumatic events. Accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment strategies can be difficult to achieve, due to the heterogeneous etiology and symptomology of PTSD, and overlap with other psychiatric disorders. Advancing our understanding of PTSD pathophysiology is therefore critical. While functional connectivity alterations have shown promise for elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms of PTSD, previous findings have been inconsistent. Eleven patients with PTSD in our first cohort (PTSD-A) and 11 trauma-exposed controls (TEC) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging. First, we investigated the intrinsic connectivity within known resting state networks (eg, default mode, salience, and central executive networks) previously implicated in functional abnormalities with PTSD symptoms. Second, the overall topology of network structure was compared between PTSD-A and TEC using graph theory. Finally, we used a novel combination of graph theory analysis and scaled subprofile modeling (SSM) to identify a disease-related, covarying pattern of brain network organization. No significant group differences were found in intrinsic connectivity of known resting state networks and graph theory metrics (clustering coefficients, characteristic path length, smallworldness, global and local efficiencies, and degree centrality). The graph theory/SSM analysis revealed a topographical pattern of altered degree centrality differentiating PTSD-A from TEC. This PTSD-related network pattern expression was additionally investigated in a separate cohort of 33 subjects who were scanned with a different MRI scanner (22 patients with PTSD or PTSD-B, and 11 healthy trauma-naïve controls or TNC). Across all participant groups, pattern expression scores were significantly lower in the TEC group, while PTSD-A, PTSD-B, and TNC subject profiles did not differ from each other. Expression level of the pattern was correlated with symptom severity in the PTSD-B group. This method offers potential in developing objective biomarkers associated with PTSD. Possible interpretations and clinical implications will be discussed.
Multilayer Impedance Gradient Microwave Metamaterial Absorber Based on Honeycomb Cores

This paper proposed a multilayer impedance gradient metamaterial absorber constructed by honeycomb structures. Honeycomb cores coated with a combination of barium titanate, graphene and carbonyl iron are made by flow casting method. Gradient impedance was realized through controlling the content of graphene at one single layer of metamaterial absorber. The microwave absorption was obtained by the arch measurement system with different thickness $h$ and size $r$ of honeycomb. Experimental tests show that the size and resonance frequency increase at the same time while the thickness and frequency change in opposite directions. The mechanism concluded by simulation and experiment is destructive interference and multiple scattering. It can be expected that the proposed multilayer impedance gradient metamaterial absorber has potential application value in radar stealth materials and electromagnetic interferences.
Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of Photorhabdus akhurstii and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes devastating losses in strawberries without effective countermeasures. Members of the genus Photorhabdus exhibit antimicrobial capability and have been found to have the potential for use as biocontrol agents against C. gloeosporioides. Photorhabdus species exhibit two phase variations with a differentiated composition of secondary metabolites designated to each phase. In this study, Photorhabdus akhurstii sp. nov. 0813-124 exhibited phase I (PL1) and phase II (PL2); however, only PL1 displayed distinct inhibition of C. gloeosporioides in the confrontation assay. We identified the bioactive ingredients of P. akhurstii sp. nov. 0813-124 to be glidobactin A and cepafungin I, with MIC values lower than 1.5 and 2.0 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, we revealed the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of corresponding bioactive molecules through genomics analysis and determined its expression level in PL1 and PL2. The expression of glidobactin BGC in PL1 increased rapidly within 24 h, while PL2 was eventually stimulated after 60 h. In summary, we demonstrated that P. akhurstii sp. nov. 0813-124 could potentially be used as a biocontrol agent or part of a natural product repertoire for combating C. gloeosporioides.
The effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on plant nutrient content and agronomic performance of stevia

Abstract Stevia is an important medicinal plant that is used as a natural sweetener. Fertilizers are increasing crop yield, preserving and improving soil fertility. This current study has been conducted in the 2019–2020 period to determine the yield, macro and micro-nutrient intake and agronomic performances of stevia. As a plant material criolla seedling was used. 20-20-20 and urea fertilizer have been used as inorganic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers, leonardite, vermicompost and animal manure, were applied in same doses (10 ton ha−1). The results of study are presented as average values of the 2-year period. Fertilizer applications and harvesting time were found to be statistically significant at **P ≤ 0.01 on total stevioside glycoside (TSG). Organic fertilizers affect the stevioside content. The highest total dry plant weight in first harvest was obtained from leonardite (3537 kg ha−1). Fertilizer applications did not have any statistical effects on plant height, number of branches, total fresh plant, total dry plant weight and dry leaf/stem. Harvest times were significant at a level of **P ≤ 0.01 on plant height, total fresh plant and fresh plant weight. The statistical results of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) were affected by fertilizer applications when compared to control application, but Zinc (Zn), Cupper (Cu), Iron (Fe) and Mangan (Mn) results were not affected with any fertilizer applications in the first harvest. There were no statistical differences in parameters between chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. It is believed that an organic fertilizer that is suitable under producer conditions is important for stevia and sustainable agriculture.
What Do We Know About Our Entering Students And How Does It Impact Upon Performance

Besides their average SAT scores and possibly their high school rank, engineering faculty and administrators typically know little about their entering freshmen. This limited knowledge hinders both placement in and content of first year courses. For example, how many entering students took calculus in high school? For how many semesters? What grades did they earn? How does their math background correlate with their college boards or college placement testing? How much have they retained? What was their performance in first semester math courses? How many students have had three or more years of foreign languages? Do they continue that in college? Does that motivate them to study abroad? Where there is a common freshman year, how many students select a different major program than the one they initially were interested in at the time of application? By having the answers to these and similar questions, faculty and administration may be able to change curriculum, advising and support services to better support student learning and success. At the University of Pittsburgh School of Engineering we have been collecting such information about our incoming students’ attitudes, math knowledge, academic history, first year academic performance, retention, and general background through a variety of survey instruments, inventories and placement examinations. These data are maintained in a large database, which allows us to easily extract specific information for assessment or monitoring purposes. This enables us to answer questions about our students and use the information to make more informed curriculum and policy decisions. We present a number of examples here including information on entering student attributes, language and math background, departmental choice and performance.
In-person and virtual multidisciplinary intensive lifestyle interventions are equally effective in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity

Background: Intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) is essential for diabetes management. The Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment (Why WAIT) program is a 12-week multidisciplinary weight management program that has been implemented in real-world clinical practice since 2005 and has shown long-term maintenance of weight reduction for 5 and 10 years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the program went virtual using telemedicine and mobile health applications. Aims: This retrospective pilot study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual model of an already established and successful in-person program for diabetes and weight management since 2005. Methods: We evaluated 38 patients with diabetes and obesity enrolled in the Why WAIT program between February 2019 and December 2020. Sixteen participants were enrolled in virtual program (VP) and were compared with 22 participants who completed the latest two physical programs (PPs) before COVID-19. We evaluated changes in body weight, A1C, blood pressure (BP), and lipid profile after 12 weeks of ILI. Results: Body weight decreased by −7.4 ± 3.6 kg from baseline in VP compared with −6.8 ± 3.5 kg in PP (p = 0.6 between groups). A1C decreased by −1.03% ± 1.1% from baseline in VP, and by −1.0% ± 1.2% in PP (p = 0.9 between groups). BP, lipid profile, and all other parameters improved in both groups with no significant difference between them. Conclusion: Virtual multidisciplinary ILI is as effective as the in-person intervention program in improving body weight, A1C, BP, and lipid profile, and in reducing the number of anti-hyperglycemic medications. Results from our study suggest that scaling the Why WAIT program in a virtual format to a larger population of patients with diabetes and obesity is feasible and is potentially as successful as the in-person program.
Outcome of Primary CNS Lymphoma; A Retrospective Analysis

Background: Rituximab along with high dose Methotrexate is nowadays the standard of care in treatment of PCNSL. We report the retrospective analysis of PCNSL patients who were treated with and without Rituximab at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Patients and Methods: While analyzing seven years’ data of PCNSL patients at Aga Khan University hospital, 52 patients encounter this rare disease. Patients diagnosed were around 54 years of age and with male predominance. HIV status though checked in 50% of patient was found to be negative in all. 36 patients completed treatment and among them 60% patients could not receive Rituximab during the course of treatment with high cost being the only reason of not receiving anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibody. Radiation as a part of consolidation therapy was received by 20 patients who achieved CR followed by two cycles of Cytarabine. Results: Out of 36 treated patients, 17% patients (6 out of 36) had disease progression. The median progression free survival was 51 months (Hazard Ratio of 0.594, 95% Confidence Interval CI, 0.182, 1.934; p < 0.388). The addition of Rituximab monoclonal antibody to the chemotherapy regimen improved the PFS. However, 41% patients (9 out of 22) who did not receive Rituximab had no response after induction as compared to 29% patients (4 out of 14) who received Rituximab. The mean overall survival of treated PCNSL patients was 67 months (Hazard Ratio of 8.52, 95% CI 0.974, 74.51, p< 0.053). Within the cohort of 36 patients, 61% patients (22 out of 36) were still alive at the time of analysis. Among 39% who were dead, the most common causes were sepsis and progression of disease. Conclusion: Primary CNS lymphoma though an aggressive entity can be cured with the combination of chemo-immunotherapy with a progression free survival and overall survival of about four to five years.
Focusing on the Quality of EIS to Solve the Constraints on EIA Systems in Developing Countries: A Literature Review

The purpose of this study was to clarify the trends in the constraints on environmental impact assessment (EIA) systems and their recommendations in developing countries through a review of the past 30 years of relevant literature, and to propose solutions to improve these systems. EIA was introduced in many developing countries from the early 1980s. They have implemented EIA over the past 30 years and donors played a catalytic role in the application of EIA systems in developing countries. But weak enforcement has been a major problem. After compiling the brief history of EIA system in developing countries, the study built a sample of 82 documents produced between 1985 and 2016 on the EIA systems in developing countries, and examined the revealed constraints on the EIA system and its recommendations using quantitative text analysis. The constraints and recommendations changed before and after 2000 and, in particular, the ratio of constraints from report quality nearly double d. The study focused on improving the quality of the environmental impact statement (EIS) in order to solve the constraints on EIA systems, because the EIS is a product of the EIA process, and its quality is the fundamental indicator of an effective EIA system. At the same time, the study proposed to analyze the quality of EIS using statistical methods, and identify the determination factors influencing its quality. These factors could be concrete recommendations with evidence. Further research is needed to review the quality of EIS in developing countries, and analyze the quality of the data to propose concrete recommendations.
The impact of the experience of Sexual Violence on female sexual dysfunction

Purpose Sexual violence is among the most violent crimes that may occur against individuals. Such crimes have long-term effects on victims and usually cause physical and psychological harm. Accordingly, in the present study, the predictive role of Sexual Violence on Women’s sexual dysfunctions was investigated. Methodology In a descriptive-analytic study through simple random sampling, 140 women were selected. The research instrument was the Female Sexual Dysfunctional Detection Inventory (FSDDI). SPSS-19 software was used to analyze the data. Findings The results showed that women with sexual violence history had higher mean scores. Moreover, sexual pain disorder and sexual dissatisfaction were predicted by the variable sexual violence history (P ˂ 0.001). So, the history of sexual violence in women could lead to sexual dysfunctions in the future and affect the lack of sexual satisfaction.
Elongation Patterns of Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction Techniques: Results Using 3-Dimensional Weightbearing Computed Tomography Simulation

Background: The isometric characteristics of nonanatomic and anatomic posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction techniques under weightbearing conditions remain unclear. Purpose: To (1) simulate graft elongation patterns during knee flexion for 3 different PLC reconstruction techniques (Larson, Arciero, and LaPrade) and (2) compute the most isometric insertion points of the fibular collateral ligament (FCL) graft strands for each technique and report quantitative radiographic landmarks. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The authors performed a 3-dimensional simulation of 10 healthy knees from 0° to 120° of flexion using weightbearing computed tomography (CT) scans. The simulation was used to calculate ligament length changes during knee flexion for the PLC reconstruction techniques of Larson (nonanatomic single-bundle fibular sling reconstruction), Arciero (anatomic reconstruction with additional popliteofibular ligament graft strand), and LaPrade (anatomic reconstruction with popliteofibular ligament graft strand and popliteus tendon graft strand). The most isometric femoral insertion points for the FCL graft strands were computed within a 10-mm radius around the lateral epicondyle (LE), using an automatic string generation algorithm (0 indicating perfect isometry). Radiographic landmarks for the most isometric points were reported. Results: Median graft lengthening during knee flexion was similar for the anterior graft strands of all 3 techniques. The posterior graft strands demonstrated significant differences, from lengthening for the Arciero (9.9 mm [range, 6.7 to 15.9 mm]) and LaPrade (10.2 mm [range, 4.1 to 19.7 mm]) techniques to shortening for the Larson technique (−17.1 mm [range, −9.3 to −22.3 mm]; P < .0010). The most isometric point for the FCL graft strands of all techniques was located at a median of 2.2 mm (range, −2.2 to 4.5 mm) posterior and 0.3 mm (range, −1.8 to 3.7 mm) distal to the LE. Conclusion: Overconstraint can be avoided by tensioning the posterior graft strands in the Larson technique in extension, and in the Arciero and LaPrade techniques at a minimum of 60° of knee flexion. The most isometric point was located posterodistal to the LE. Clinical Relevance: The described isometric behavior of nonanatomic and anatomic PLC reconstruction techniques can guide optimal surgical reconstruction and prevent graft lengthening and overconstraint of the lateral compartment in knee flexion. Repetitive graft lengthening has been found to be associated with graft failure, and overconstraint favors lateral compartment pressure and cartilage degeneration.
Revisiting the informal power resources of member states’ permanent representations to the EU

ABSTRACT This article sheds new light on the power resources of member states at the European level by investigating the role and resources of their permanent representations to the EU. Building on previous research on member states’ influence in the EU decision-making process, this contribution documents variations of permanent representations’ human resources, structure and coordination processes. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 87 Council negotiators and EU representatives in Brussels between 2016 and 2020, this article identifies significant divergences in the workforce, role and efficiency of permanent representations, as well as in their level of engagement with other EU institutions. These findings show noticeable asymmetries (both qualitative and quantitative) in the informal capabilities of member states in Brussels and have implications for our understanding of their capacity to formulate and defend political preferences at the European level.