Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Élaboration et développement d’un indice de la qualité sanitaire de l’habitat : outil de quantification de la « favorabilité » à la santé

Si nous n’amoindrissons pas l’importance de la qualite de l’air exterieur (en particulier dans les zones a trafic routier important, dans les zones a proximite de sites industriels…) ou dans les transports (comme les espaces confines souterrains) dans l’exposition des personnes aux polluants de l’air, la prise en compte de l’exposition aux polluants des occupants dans leurs logements est primordiale puisque les gens y passent en moyenne autour de 80% de leur temps. La premiere etape de ce travail a consiste a definir tout d’abord un nombre reduit de polluants a considerer a l’interieur des logements par un processus de hierarchisation consistant a comparer les niveaux d’exposition aux differents polluants par rapport a leurs valeurs sanitaires de reference. L’analyse des indices mono et multi polluants existants nous a permis d’aboutir a la definition d’un nouvel indice multi polluants, nomme ULR-QAI, qui a ete utilise comme indicateur principal dans la suite de l’etude. Le deuxieme chapitre etait quant a lui dedie au developpement de l’outil numerique necessaire a reproduire les situations diverses et variees qui peuvent etre rencontrees dans les logements. L’objectif etait ici de reproduire le transport des polluants de l’air exterieur vers l’interieur, les sources interieures de polluants ainsi que les phenomenes physiques essentiels (transferts de polluants entre les differentes pieces d’un logement, variation de l’humidite relative de l’air, depot de particules, filtration…) pour l’evaluation des niveaux de concentration des polluants cibles definis dans le chapitre precedent. Ainsi, un environnement de simulation hygrothermique, aeraulique et de QAI a ete construit par couplage des logiciels TRNSYS et CONTAM. Enfin, une analyse des elements impactant la QAI des logements a ete developpee dans le dernier chapitre. Le but ici n’etait pas uniquement d’observer l’influence de certains parametres mais bien de quantifier et de hierarchiser, a travers le calcul de l’indice ULR-QAI, les polluants, leurs sources, les systemes ainsi que les actions pouvant etre entreprises par les occupants pour ameliorer la QAI de leurs logements.
Value Change in Global Perspective.

In this pioneering work, Paul R. Abramson and Ronald Inglehart show that the gradual shiftfrom Materialist values (such as the desire for economic and physical security) to Post-materialist values (such as the desire for freedom, self-expression, and the quality of life) is in all likelihood a global phenomenon. "Value Change in Global Perspective" analyzes over thirty years worth of national surveys in European countries and presents the most comprehensive and nuanced discussion of this shift to date. By paying special attention to the way generational replacement transforms values among mass publics, the authors are able to present a comprehensive analysis of the processes through which values change.In addition, "Value Change in Global Perspective" analyzes the 1990-91 World Values Survey, conducted in forty societies representing over seventy percent of the world's population. These surveys cover an unprecedentedly broad range of the economic and political spectrum, with data from low-income countries (such as China, India, Mexico, and Nigeria), newly industrialized countries (such as South Korea) and former state-socialist countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. This data adds significant new meaning to our understanding of attitude shifts throughout the world. "Value Change in Global Perspective "has been written to meet the needs of scholars and students alike. The use of percentage, percentage differences, and algebraic standardization procedures will make the results easy to understand and useful in courses in comparative politics and in public opinion.Paul R. Abramson is Professor of Political Science, Michigan State University. Ronald Inglehart is Professor of Political Science and Program Director, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES BASED ON PEROVSKITES

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) though in its development stage, has been of interest to Scientists receiving considerable attention in recent years as a promising material capable of developing high performance photovoltaic devices at low cost. Owing to their solution processability, broad spectrum solar absorption, low non-radiative recombination losses, etc., PSCs provide numerous advantages over most thin ﬁlm absorber materials. Due to the substantial improvement of Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of these materials, photovoltaic efficiency has reached prestigious position (approx. 20.1 %) within the last 5 years. In this review article, we discuss the current state of the Art for photovoltaic devices based on Perovskites, highlighting the underlying phenomenon, synthesis, challenges, comparison to other technologies and future outlook. We emphasized the importance of Perovskite ﬁlm formation and qualities in achieving highly efficient photovoltaic devices. The flexibility and simplicity of Perovskite fabrication methods allows the use of mesoporous and planar device architectures. A variety of processing techniques are currently employed to form the highest quality CH3NH3PbX3 ﬁlms resulting to high performance PSC devices which include stoichiometry, thermal annealing, solvent engineering, additives and environmental control. In this review, we outlined and discussed the challenges of PSCs including its stability issues, hysteresis effects, and ion migration effects. Possible ways overcoming these challenges and improvement on the stability of PSCs so far were also addressed. Iyasele, E. O. | Mechanical Engineering Department, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
Anomaly Detection from Medical Signals and Images Using Advanced Convolutional Neural Network

In the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), deep learning is a method falls in the wider family of machine learning algorithms that works on the principle of learning. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be used for pattern recognition from different images based on deep learning. Anomaly detection is a very vital area in medical signal and image processing due to its importance in automatic diagnosis. Anomaly detection from medical EEG signals based on spectrogram and medical corneal images are tested and evaluated in this paper. Technically, deep learning CNN models are used in the train and test processes, each input image will pass through a series of convolution layers with filters (Kernels), pooling, and fully connected layers (FC) for the classification purposes. The presented simulation results reveal the success of the proposed techniques towards automated medical diagnosis.
CAUSES OF SPEAKING ANXIETY AMONG SAUDI STUDENTS: LEARNERS’ PROBLEMATIC ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS

Speaking anxiety is considered a psychological phenomenon that occurs in different teaching and learning settings. Speaking anxiety faced by students hinders language learning and leads to other problems such as being reluctant to participate in classroom activities and overly dependent on their teachers. The purpose of this research is to explore the causes of speaking anxiety (SA) among Saudi university students in classrooms. This study employed qualitative method by using one-to-one semi-structured interviews. Data were collected during the academic years 2018/2019. A total of 20 students were involved in the interviews. Anxious personality, low confidence, wrong learners’ beliefs, unprepared learner, and negative pre-university and prior learning experience were the main causes of speaking anxiety among the Saudi students. This research emphasizes that understanding the main causes of speaking anxiety is necessary for both teachers and students to improve the leaners’ speaking skill. Keywords: Speaking anxiety, Saudi, English, learner belief, university students. Cite as: Al-Hnifat, M. A. , Rashid, R. A. & Al-Smadi, O. A. (2020). Causes of speaking anxiety among Saudi students: learners’ problematic attitudes and beliefs. Journal of Qualitative Social Sciences, 2(1), 12-21
The change of sagital balance after PKP for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression

Purpose To detect the postoperative change in total spinal alignment in 0VCF patients after PKP. Methods A total of 130 patients with vertebral compression fracture was involved in this study. The entire spine radiographs of every patients were taken pre and postoperatively. The parameters including vertebral body height, pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and spinosacral angle (SSA). All the parameters were compared before and after PKP. Results In the patients, the VAS score was decreased from 8.26±1.12 preoperative to 2.70±0.90 postoperative. And SVA decreased from 6.82±3.30 cm to 4.07±2.77cm. The change in sagittal balance is related to the recovery of vertebral body height. Conclusion PKP plays a role not only in improving the vertebral body height but also in rebuilding sagittal imbalance in the treatment of vertebral compression fracture.
Enhancing Cultural Intelligence and Interpersonal Communication: Multi-Authenticity Exposure in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Context

The current study focuses on authentic exposure, specifically whether multi-authentic tasks affect the nature of L2 learners’ cultural intelligence and interpersonal communication in the English as a foreign language (EFL) context of Iran. To this end, sixty learners at an English language institute were assigned to control and experimental groups to carry out the M-A tasks. M-A was manipulated by assigning visual, aural, and printed tasks. Descriptive and inferential analyses of data, a comparison of the control and experimental groups over a four-month period, revealed that the implementation of authentic materials was successful in raising the cultural intelligence and interpersonal communication of EFL learners in the post-test. A subsequent ANOVA analysis showed that among M-A materials, visual was the most and aural was the least effective one increasing EFL learners’ cultural intelligence. Moreover, the printed material was the most effective one to make a moderate change in interpersonal communication of the participants.
Electronic Word-of-Mouth and consumers’ intention to purchase : a study of the effects of valence and argument quality of online reviews

As technology has developed and phenomenon such as the participative web has emerged, the opportunities of communication and sharing has expanded simultaneously. The participative web represents a revolution where users are empowered to develop, collaborate, distribute and customize Internet content and applications. Word-of-mouth (WOM) has been known for decades to be of profound influence in consumers purchasing behavior and as consumers share their experiences and opinions, the need for advertisements decreases. Electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) has enabled users to share information and opinions with others within seconds giving them the power to influence other consumers’ behavior. Although previous research on eWOM has shown effects of valence and argument quality, no studies have explored these two concepts combined. For this reason, the purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between valence and argument quality of online consumer reviews on consumers’ purchase intention. By conducting an online experiment and thereafter analyzing the data from 155 respondents, we discovered two main results. Firstly, we found that valence had a direct effect on consumers’ purchase intention, where the effect of negative online consumer reviews exceeds the effect of positive reviews. Secondly, we found that argument quality did not moderate the effect of valence on consumers’ intention to purchase. Our findings suggest that consumers focus more on the valence of an online review rather than the relevance of the content. Furthermore, we discovered that the use of online reviews is widespread and a key factor in consumer decision-making. Due to this, we suggest that both researchers and companies implement a greater focus on eWOM in the future.
Identification of CLDN18 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer based on multiomic analysis

Background Claudin 18 (CLDN18) is a transmembrane protein localized in the apical regions to form a tight-junction complex. The expression of CLDN18 was restricted to normal lung and stomach tissues but was aberrantly activated in some types of cancers, and this molecule can serve as a promising target for targeted treatment. Methods The mRNA expression, genetic variations and prognostic values of CLDN18 in pancreatic cancer (PC) were analyzed using public data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases and multiple online tools. The role of cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and DNA methylation in regulating the expression of CLDN18 was determined by correlation analysis. Results The expression of CLDN18 was restricted to the lung and stomach in normal tissues, but was ectopically overexpressed in PC. CLDN18 mRNA expression was higher in cancers with advanced local invasion, later clinical stage, infiltrating duct or mucinous carcinoma types. Genetic variations of CLDN18 are rarely observed in PC. Correlation analysis revealed that CREB3L1, CREB3L3, and CREB3L4 were significantly positively coexpressed with CLDN18, and CLDN18 expression increased as methylation gradually decreased. The expression of CLDN18 was not observed to plays a role in predicting the survival of PC patients. Conclusions This data-driven study summarizes the expression features of CLDN18 in PC and demonstrates that it may serve as an ideal biomarker and therapy target for PC.
Mental health, disability and cardiovascular risks in South African adults with hypertension: structural equation models of causal pathways

Aim South African adults with hypertension often have comorbid physical and mental health problems and disabilities, which can influence each other in complex ways. We modelled potential causal pathways connecting multimorbidity, depression, stress, disability and cardiovascular risks. Methods The study analysed observational data on 1043 adults with treated hypertension and with symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score > 9) who participated in a randomised trial in 20 primary health care clinics. A structural equation path model using cross-sectional baseline data estimated direct and indirect effects of sociodemographic variables and comorbidities on depression, stress and disability scores, and their further direct and indirect effects on smoking, body mass index and blood pressure. A cross-lagged structural equation model using longitudinal data estimated effects of depression symptoms, disability and blood pressure on each other over time. Results At baseline, depression symptoms as outcome were positively associated with previous myocardial infarction, blood pressure, and disability. Disability was positively associated with depression symptoms, stress scores, myocardial infarction and tuberculosis. Body mass index was positively associated with income and female sex and negatively associated with HIV, tuberculosis, perceived stress and age. Systolic blood pressure was positively associated with depression symptoms and age, and negatively associated with tuberculosis. Indirect effects of myocardial infarction and age on disability were partly mediated through perceived stress and depression symptoms. Baseline depression symptoms predicted greater disability after one year, and baseline disability predicted greater depression symptoms and higher blood pressure after one year. Conclusions Control of cardiovascular risk factors in primary care patients with hypertension is interrelated with their mental health, disability, and comorbidity. Better mental health care and management of disability could help control blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Effectiveness of Peer-Assisted Learning in Nursing Student Knowledge and Compliance in the Application of Standard Precautions

The learning process in higher nursing education develops student competences, such as applying standard precautions, in providing professional nursing care. To improve student knowledge and compliance related to standard precautions requires innovation from lecturers in providing appropriate learning methods. Peer-assisted learning (PAL) can enhance the active role of students and improve achievement. The PAL method involves senior students as peer teachers who help junior students. Using a questionnaire as an assessment instrument, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of PAL on knowledge and compliance in the application of standard precautions in student nurses. This study design was quasi experimental with pre and post assessment and a control group design approach. This research was conducted at the D Hospital in Padang, Indonesia, a hospital where students practice. This study was conducted in June–September 2017 with a sample size of 45. Data analysis using paired t-test showed that the average values of the level of knowledge and skills of students in the application of standard precautions before and after PAL methods differed significantly in the intervention group (p= 0.001). In conclusion, PAL can be applied in the learning process of nursing students to increase student achievement. Abstrak Efektifitas Metode Peer-Assisted Learning terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Mahasiswa dalam Penerapan Kewaspadaan Standar. Proses pembelajaran dalam pendidikan tinggi keperawatan mengembangkan kompetensi siswa, seperti menerapkan tindakan pencegahan standar, dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan profesional. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan mahasiswa terkait kewaspadaan standar, dibutuhkan inovasi dari dosen dalam memberikan metode pembelajaran yang tepat. Peer-assisted learning (PAL) dapat mening-katkan peran aktif siswa dan meningkatkan prestasi. Metode PAL melibatkan mahasiswa senior sebagai peer-teacher yang membantu mahasiswa junior. Menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penilaian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektivitas PAL pada pengetahuan dan kepatuhan dalam penerapan kewaspadaan standar pada maha-siswa keperawatan. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan penilaian pre dan post dan pendekatan control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit D di Padang, Indonesia, sebuah rumah sakit tempat praktik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Juni–September 2017 dengan sampel 45. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test menunjukkan bahwa nilai rerata tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam penerapan kewaspadaan standar sebelum dan sesudah metode PAL berbeda secara signifikan pada kelompok intervensi (p= 0,001). Kesimpulan-nya, PAL dapat diterapkan dalam proses belajar siswa keperawatan untuk meningkatkan prestasi siswa. Kata kunci: kewaspadaan standar, mahasiswa keperawatan, peer-assisted learning
Evaluating Sentinel-5P TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 column densities with airborne and Pandora spectrometers near New York City and Long Island Sound

Airborne and ground-based Pandora spectrometer NO2 column measurements were collected during the 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS) in the New York City/Long Island Sound region, which coincided with early observations from the Sentinel-5P TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) instrument. Both airborne- and ground-based measurements are used to evaluate the TROPOMI NO2 Tropospheric Vertical Column (TrVC) product v1.2 in this region, which has high spatial and temporal heterogeneity in NO2. First, airborne and Pandora TrVCs are compared to evaluate the uncertainty of the airborne TrVC and establish the spatial representativeness of the Pandora observations. The 171 coincidences between Pandora and airborne TrVCs are found to be highly correlated (r2 =0.92 and slope of 1.03), with the largest individual differences being associated with high temporal and/or spatial variability. These reference measurements (Pandora and airborne) are complementary with respect to temporal coverage and spatial representativity. Pandora spectrometers can provide continuous long-term measurements but may lack areal representativity when operated in direct-sun mode. Airborne spectrometers are typically only deployed for short periods of time, but their observations are more spatially representative of the satellite measurements with the added capability of retrieving at subpixel resolutions of 250m×250m over the entire TROPOMI pixels they overfly. Thus, airborne data are more correlated with TROPOMI measurements (r2 = 0.96) than Pandora measurements are with TROPOMI (r2 = 0.84). The largest outliers between TROPOMI and the reference measurements appear to stem from too spatially coarse a priori surface reflectivity (0.5°) over bright urban scenes. In this work, this results during cloud-free scenes that, at times, are affected by errors in the TROPOMI cloud pressure retrieval impacting the calculation of tropospheric air mass factors. This factor causes a high bias in TROPOMI TrVCs of 4%–11%. Excluding these cloud-impacted points, TROPOMI has an overall low bias of 19%–33% during the LISTOS timeframe of June–September 2018. Part of this low bias is caused by coarse a priori profile input from the TM5-MP model; replacing these profiles with those from a 12 km North American Model–Community Multiscale Air Quality (NAMCMAQ) analysis results in a 12%–14% increase in the TrVCs. Even with this improvement, the TROPOMI-NAMCMAQ TrVCs have a 7%–19% low bias, indicating needed improvement in a priori assumptions in the air mass factor calculation. Future work should explore additional impacts of a priori inputs to further assess the remaining low biases in TROPOMI using these datasets.
Prevalence of Simbu serogroup viruses antibodies in cattle in Sudan

Background Simbu serogroup are arbo-viruses which are mainly transmitted by Culicoides. It is one of the largest serogroups within the genus Orthobunyavirus of the family Peribunyaviridae, includes at least 24 antigenically diverse, albeit serologically related viruses. Meager information is available on Simbu serogroup viruses infection in ruminants outside of Europe. Therefore, in this study, serological surveillance of Simbu serogroup viruses in cattle in seven States in Sudan was conducted during the period May, 2015 – March, 2016. Results Using a cross-sectional design, 184 cattle sera were collected and tested by a commercial SBV ELISA kit which enables the detection of antibodies against various Simbu serogroup viruses. The results showed an overall 86.4% prevalence of Simbu serogroup viruses antibodies in cattle in Sudan. Univariate analysis showed significant association (p= 0.007) between ELISA seropositivity and state where samples were collected. Conclusion This is study suggests that Simbu serogroup viruses infection can be present in cattle in Sudan. Further epizootiological investigations on Simbu serogroup viruses infection are warranted.