Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Organizational Minorities Form and Use Social Ties: Evidence from Teachers in Majority-White and Majority-Black Schools1

This article draws on 11 months of multisite ethnographic fieldwork and 103 interviews to investigate how teachers in school faculty of varying racial compositions form and use their social ties to secure professional, political, and emotional resources at work. Findings show that, in general, white teachers in the numerical minority in their schools secured all resource types through their same-race ties, while black teachers in the numerical minority secured primarily emotional resources from their same-race ties. Given these observed differences, the author shows how the form and use of the two minority groups’ social ties stem in large part from distinctive organizational practices. In turn, the tie differences can account for differences in social integration and resource access in the organization. The data allow for comparisons to patterns among majority groups.
Women’s motivation to lead in small social enterprises: a systematic literature review

Purpose: This paper explores the motivation of women to lead in small and micro non-profit organisations in the United Kingdom. Methodology: A systematic literature review within a fixed timespan and geographical boundaries was conducted around key themes and semantic criteria. Findings: Evidence of gender differences related to the motivation to lead in the non-profit sector was revealed. The review indicated that men were driven by pragmatic interests and ego; whereas women were motivated through the opportunity to be change agents. Research Limitations: Findings and implications are limited in scope by the geographical focus and the exclusion of ‘grey literature’ from the study, as well as the nature of secondary research. Implications: This study provides exposes a gap in the field and new insight into the motivation to lead and indications for diversifying executive positions.
An uninformed electorate: identity-motivated elaboration, partisan cues, and learning

ABSTRACT A deliberative democracy is reliant on an informed electorate discussing issues and presenting persuasive arguments. Individuals acquire information from exposure to political messages. Partisan cues, however, undermine learning outcomes. The current study experimentally examines the social cognitive processes that underlie this learning process. Integrating the social identity theory, elaboration likelihood model, and the theory of motivated reasoning to construct the theoretical concept of identity-motivated elaboration, the results indicate that partisan social identities motivate biased processing of new information, which subsequently influences the valence of elaboration. Positively and negatively valenced elaboration are situated as mediating variables in the structural model, which predicts learning from a persuasive political message. The current study extends the partisan social identity hypothesis to the elaborative and learning outcomes of political messages.
What is the socio-cultural impact of underground electronic dance music scenes on the inhabitants of big Dutch cities?

In the Netherlands, the debate on nightlife has gained momentum in recent years. As more and more people live in cities, choices must be made about how to use the space in the city. Nightclubs often come under pressure when urban areas are developed while they play a key role as a meeting place for various music scenes. Research into the socio-cultural impact of music scenes is scarce, as is research into the value of the night-time economy. In order to supplement the existing knowledge on the values of music scenes and, in a broader perspective, the night-time economy, the socio-cultural impact of the underground dance scene has been investigated using mixed methods. For this study, 7 semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposefully chosen key players from the dance scenes of Rotterdam and Amsterdam. In order to supplement the qualitative results, a survey was developed that was completed by 381 inhabitants of Rotterdam. Even though especially the analysis of the quantitative data could have been done more extensively in this research, it can be concluded that the socio-cultural impact of the translocal underground dance scenes is multifaceted and mostly lies in its contributions to employment, personal development, social cohesion in - and attractiveness of - the big Dutch cities.
Cooperative learning (CL) as 21st century’s teaching method in improving English proficiency among primary school student: teachers’ perception

Cooperative learning (CL) as a 21st-century classroom teaching method has begun to be viewed as a form of active learning in Malaysia. Although CL has been applied and successfully implemented abroad, it is still considered difficult to put into practice among primary school teachers in Malaysia for improving English among primary school students. Primary school teachers are more comfortable with conventional teaching methods including using the national language, Bahasa Malaysia. In order to implement CL successfully, teachers require knowledge of CL, its features and terms and how it functions in classrooms. This qualitative study examined 10 primary school teachers’ from the southern zone of Peninsular Malaysia on their understanding of CL and factors perceived to affect its implementation. Using Johnson and Johnson’s (1994) features of CL and Bain, Lancaster and Zundans’ (2009) list of CL terms as a framework for analysis, we found that the teachers’ level of CL knowledge shaped their perception of the factors affecting its implementation in the classroom. However, more research is needed to explain how teachers’ knowledge of CL can shape what teachers perceive as barriers to effective implementation that affect the success of CL in practice.
Discussion about Chinese Medical Therapeutics on Depression Insomnia

Objective To discuss the Chinese medical therapeutics on depression insomnia.Methods 52 patients who were dignosed as depression insomnia were devided into two groups randomly,treatment group and control group.The two groups both took Radix abanthopanacissenticosi and oryzanli,at the same time,the treatment group took Chinese medicine Siwu Decoction and Guipi Decoction.The two groups both comform to the disease of weakness in heart and spleen as well as liver and kidney.Results After treatment for two weeks,the obvious recovering rate of insomnia and body symptom in treatment group was higher than that of control group(χ2=19.76 P0.01);After eight weeks,the curing rate of the treatment group was 76.9% and the control group was 23.1%. The total efficiency rate of the former team was 92.3% and the latter was 42.3%. The curing rate(χ2=17.68,p0.01) and the total efficiency rate(χ2=14.56,p0.01) of the treatment group were higher than that of the control group.Conclusion Siwu Decocion and Guipi Decoction have good effect on depressing insomnia(weakness in heart and spleen as well as liver and kidney).
Investigating the pre-service teachers’ motivation and learning strategies and their impact on academic performance : an explanatory study of physical sciences specialization pre-service teachers at a tertiary institution in South Africa.

The purpose of this study was to provide the current status of the Self-regulated learning constructs; motivation and learning strategies of pre-service teachers majoring in Physical Science education specialisation and the impact these constructs have on academic performance. This purpose was met, through using a mixed methods approach within the pragmatic paradigm to answer three research questions. Two types of data collection instruments (surveys and interviews) were used sequentially to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively. It was found that positive motivation profiles and frequent use of cognitive learning strategies had a positive impact on the academic performance of successful science students. Majority of the participating students were found to lack use of metacognitive learning strategies and resource management strategies, which is a great course for concern and possibly one of the main causes of the problems leading to superficial conceptual understanding and poor academic performance in South Africa. The findings of this study were not intended for generalising, hence they are specific to the context of pre-service teachers majoring in Physical Science education specialisation at tertiary institutions in South Africa and similar contexts. This study has potential to inform instruction towards assisting the Universities to produce Physical Sciences teachers who are motivated and who possess good teaching practices. It also has the potential to make a contribution to South African research on Self-regulated learning and academic achievement, which has been found to be minimal.
Complete Hydatidiform Mole: Change in Clinical Profile over Three Decades

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the change in clinical presentations of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) in Bangkok, Thailand, over a 30-year period (1978-2007). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of data from Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Registry of Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, was performed. Clinical data of CHM primarily treated at the institute was divided into 3 decades and compared. RESULTS: There were 359 patients with CHM. The incidence decreased from the previously reported rate of 1:413 deliveries to 1:663 deliveries in the last decade. Median age had been constant at around 28 years. Mean gestational age decreased from 16.2 to 12.2 weeks. Vaginal bleeding was still the most common symptom but decreased from 90.6% to 72.8%. Uterine size greater than date decreased from 45.5% to 37.7%. Pregnancy-induced hypertension decreased from 22.0% to 2.5%. Percentage of asymptomatic patients increased from 2.9% to 13.6%. Percentages of patients with postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) from the first to the last decades were 25.2, 37.8 and 30.0, respectively. CONCLUSION: Over three decades the incidence of CHM decreased, the diagnoses were made earlier and traditional clinical presentations were less severe. However, serious manifestations were still prevalent. The rate of postmolar GTN did not improve despite earlier diagnosis.
The Perspectives of the Woman/Nurse/Executive Working in the Managed Care Environment of Southern California

The Perspectives of the Woman/Nurse/Executive Working in the Managed Care Environment o f Southern California The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives o f the woman/nurse/executive working in the managed care environment of Southern California. This research was extremely timely because (a) Southern California leads the nation in managed care market penetration, (b) changes in health care financing have resulted in a prolific expansion of nurse executive responsibilities, and (c) nurse executive experiences regarding increased responsibilities have not been researched. Role expansion impacts both male and female nurse executives, but female nurse executives must confront the dilemma of functioning in administrative domains which have been largely dominated by men. Knowledge about their experiences is vital to the future of the nursing profession and to the health care delivery system. This study blended feminist ideology with grounded theory. Seventeen woman/nurse/executive participants from mostly hospital settings were interviewed. Using primarily the dimensional analysis approach to grounded theory, the metaphor of a managed care battlefield became the study context. A typology of participants was discovered, consisting of four consecutive groups: (a) the Unsung Heroines, (b) the Engineers, (c) the Team Leaders, and (d) the Champions. Participants o f each group made different ethical decisions about their most important responsibilities and leadership actions, resulting in a different professional identity, or battlefield position, for each group. The typology represented a continuum, ranging from the Unsung Heroines, who exhibited
69 THE ROLE OF ANGIOTENSIN II AND ENDOTHELIN I IN THE CARDIOMYOPATHY OF DIABETIC PATIENTS

Reported data shows that angiotensin II (Ang II) produces apoptosis and necrosis of myocytes (Circ Res 2000;87:1123-32). Endothelin I (EL) also produces myocardial necrosis. To establish an association between these hormones and coronary disease, we determined the levels of Ang II and E1 in the coronary sinus (CS) and peripheral circulation of diabetic patients. The levels of Ang II in the CS and aorta were elevated (46 ± 18 vs 35 ± 15 pg/mL, respectively) compared to normals (10 pg/mL, p < .001). Similarly, El was elevated in the CS and aorta (14 ± 4 and 13 ± 6 pg/mL, respectively, vs. 3 ± 1 pg/mL in control patients, p < .001). The ejection fraction of diabetics was subnormal 49 ± 3%, when compared to controls (62 ± 5%), and diffuse hypokinesis was observed. These results support the notion that Ang II and El play a role in the development of cardiomyopathy in diabetic patients. Blockers of these peptides may help in the prevention of this cardiovascular condition.
The effects of social information on the enjoyment of online videos: An eye tracking study on the role of attention

ABSTRACT Recent experiments showed that the valence of user comments (i.e., social information) presented alongside online videos can alter viewers’ enjoyment of videos. However, it is unclear how much attention video viewers pay to social information and whether the effects found in previous studies occur if participants are not forced to view the social information. Therefore, this study investigated how the valence of social information presented alongside online videos affects viewers’ enjoyment when viewers are free to determine whether and how much attention they pay to social information. Using an eye tracker, we found that most video viewers pay attention to social information which then elicits a valence effect on their enjoyment. Results also showed that a negativity bias occurred: Participants paid most attention to negative social information. Accordingly, the effect of social information on enjoyment was stronger for negative social information. This study is the first to show that social information of online videos affects the experiences of video viewers in settings where viewers are in charge of how much attention they pay to social information.
Combating Identity Threat of Machine: The effect of group-affirmation on humans’ intellectual performance loss*

* This work was supported by the Seoul National University Research Grant in 2016. †Corresponding author: Dayk Jang, College of Liberal Studies; Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea 08826 Research areas: Evolutionary psychology, Philosophy of science E-mail: djang@snu.ac. kr 인지과학, 제30권 제3호 Korean Journal of Cognitive Science 2019, Vol. 30, No. 3, 157∼174 http://dx.doi. org/10.19066/cogsci.2019. 30.3. 3
Exploring the Predictors of Family Outcomes of Early Intervention for Children on the Autism Spectrum: An Australian Cohort Study

Family outcomes of early intervention (EI) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have received limited research attention to date. This study explored potential predictors of family outcomes and EI perceived helpfulness on the Family Outcomes Survey–Revised, utilizing an adapted double ABCX framework. Participants were 97 mothers of children aged 4 to 5 years (M = 60.47 months; SD = 6.62; 87.6% male) participating in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Students with Autism (LASA). Parent and family factors were significant predictors, whereas child characteristics were largely nonsignificant beyond variance explained by parent and family factors. Findings highlight the importance of parent and family factors when considering family outcomes of EI and whether parents perceive benefits from their engagement with EI services. Overall, a shift in the focus of EI outcome evaluation is indicated, which views parents and families as meaningful to overall optimal EI outcomes.
Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature

Dehumanization is an everyday, pervasive phenomenon in health contexts. Given its detrimental consequences to health care, much research has been dedicated to understanding and promoting the humanization of health services. However, health care service research has neglected the sociopsychological processes involved in the dehumanization of self and others, in formal but also informal health-related contexts. Drawing upon sociopsychological models of dehumanization, this article will bridge this gap by presenting a critical review of studies on everyday meaning-making and person perception processes of dehumanization in health-related contexts. A database search was conducted in PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, using a combination of keywords on dehumanization and health/illness/body; 3,229 references were screened; 95 full texts were assessed for eligibility; 59 studies were included. Most studies focused on informal contexts, reflecting a decontextualized and one-sided view of dehumanization (i.e., not integrating actors’ and victims’ perspectives). Despite the dominant focus on self-dehumanization, emerging perspectives uncover the role of processes that deny human uniqueness to others, and their individual determinants and consequences for mental health. A few studies bring to light the functions of a variety of dehumanizing body metaphors on self- and other-dehumanization. These trends in the literature leave several gaps, which are here critically analyzed to inform future research.
Subjugation and Resistance in Older Gay Men's Health Care Experiences

The scholarship on aging among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adults has, in recent years, experienced unprecedented growth. Despite this emerging body of literature, research on older gay men’s health care experiences remains limited. This qualitative study, which is framed theoretically by Foucauldian governmentality and intersectionality, and informed methodologically by a poststructuralist approach to grounded theory known as situational analysis, attempts to address this gap in the literature. Specifically, drawing on interviews with 27 Toronto-based gay men ages 50 and over, 16 of whom reported being HIV-positive at the time of recruitment, the study offers insight on the health care experiences of older gay men. More specifically, the study highlights processes of subjugation and resistance reflected in the accounts of the participants. Chapter 1 provides a critical review of the literature, highlights the role of Foucauldian governmentality and intersectionality in situating the study theoretically, and outlines the study’s research design. Chapter 2 contains an overview of the study’s key findings, which specifically delineate how sociohistorically significant discursive forces rooted in homophobia and HIV stigma, older gay men’s interpretations of medical practices, as well as institutional constructions
Internet and social networks use habits of adolescents between ages of 10-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate Internet and social networks use habits and online risks of children and adolescents between the ages of 10–19 in the Kyrgyz Republic. Data were collected using questionnaires in several government schools in Bishkek during Spring 2018. Totally 316 children participated in this study. The study employed quantitative methods for the analysis of data. As results showed, there are gender differences in using the Internet. That is, Kyrgyz boys use the Internet for watching videos, and playing games more than Kyrgyz girls. Majority of the participants indicated that they preferred to use the Internet every day mostly from their private bedrooms of homes. Furthermore, a negative linear relationship was found between age and Internet usage. This implies that as the age of children increases, Internet usage decreases. Results also demonstrated that most frequent applications used are WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook. While using the Internet and social networks, most of the participants indicated that they are using smartphones. While participants have basic knowledge about using the Internet, most of them lack specific capabilities. Finally, the study revealed the Kyrgyz parents’ attitudes and perceptions related to the Internet and social networks use of children and adolescents.
The Effect Of Word Of Mouth On Brand Image Of A Popular Indonesian Donut Brand

A Brand must innovate to create a positive impression of consumers. When a consumer feels happy and satisfied with a product, the emotional impact will encourage loyalty and positive word of mouth will increase. The purpose of this research is to know how big influence of word of mouth to brand image of J.CO Donuts & Coffee. The independent variable (X) in this research is word of mouth and the dependent variable (Y) is brand image. This research uses quantitative method with descriptive and causal research type. This research was conducted on 75 respondents and used simple linear regression analysis and data processing using SPSS version 21. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, word of mouth has an influence on brand image J.CO. The results of determination coefficient word of mouth influence to brand image by 46,7%. Keywords: brand image, word of mouth, marketing, business administration
Who Do You Want to Be Like? Factors Influencing Early Adolescents’ Selection of Accessible and Inaccessible Role Models

This study investigates the impact of accessible and inaccessible role models on early adolescents’ conceptions of their identities. Accessible role models have regular direct interactions with adolescents, while inaccessible role models like celebrities do not. This investigation was based within the context of a broader educational intervention targeting educational resilience of school students by prompting them to interact with material drawn from outstanding Irish career role models. Data were collected by interviewing 15 students and analyzing the transcripts thematically. Results revealed that adolescents mostly selected role models perceived as emotionally available, relatable, and successful, within proximal contexts. These accessible role models gave adolescents behavioral cues on overcoming difficulties and attaining success. Adolescents selected inaccessible role models to scaffold future selves, based on how the role models’ life stories connected personally to their lives. This signals how adolescents select and use different types of role models in their identity formation.
Student dropout from universities in Europe: A review of empirical literature

This contribution is based on an extensive literature review of student dropout in Europe, which was carried out by a research group of the Danish Clearinghouse for Education in cooperation with an international expert group in 2012/2013. The review served to answer three basic questions: What is dropout? Why does it occur? What can be done to reduce or prevent it? Only empirical studies were included in the review and altogether 44 studies were included. The article points out that student dropout is a more complex and multidimensional issue than most people think and that it is important to distinguish between formal dropout (i.e., leaving university studies altogether before degree completion) and transfer (i.e., changing subject and/or institution). The review summarizes and discusses the main results of the 44 studies included in terms of nine dimensions: (a) study conditions at university, (b) academic integration at university, (c) social integration at university, (d) personal efforts and motivations for studying, (e) information and admission requirements, (f) prior academic achievement in school, (g) personal characteristics of the student, (h) sociodemographic background of the student, and (i) external conditions. The conclusions provide an answer to the three questions posed above and include recommendations for further research, university leadership, and policymakers.