Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Dynamic Behaviour of Midrise Frame Structures Sitting on Silty Sandy Soil

Concerns about SSI have motivated several researchers to investigate the seismic behaviour of structures rested on cohesive and cohesionless soils. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to evaluate the effects of several parameters on the seismic soil structure interaction behaviour of midrise structures sitting on silty sandy soil. Using ABAQUS, reliable 3D models of 5 to 15 storeys midrise concrete frame structures rested on raft foundation were built. The effects of the structure’s number of storeys, raft size and thickness were explored for different column sizes. Fixedbased structures which capture the model adopted in seismic codes and flexible-based structures were hit at the bottom by El-Centro (1940) and Northridge (1994) earthquakes.
The effects of fire severity on ectomycorrhizal colonization and morphometric features in Pinus pinaster Ait. seedlings

Aim of the study: Mycorrhizal fungi in Mediterranean forests play a key role in the complex process of recovery after wildfires. A broader understanding of an important pyrophytic species as Pinus pinaster and its fungal symbionts is thus necessary for forest restoration purposes. This study aims to assess the effects of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis on maritime pine seedlings and how fire severity affects fungal colonization ability. Area of study: Central Spain, in a Mediterranean region typically affected by wildfires dominated by Pinus pinaster , a species adapted to fire disturbance. Material and Methods : We studied P. pinaster root apexes from seedlings grown in soils collected one year after fire in undisturbed sites, sites moderately affected by fire and sites highly affected by fire. Natural ectomycorrhization was observed at the whole root system level as well as at two root vertical sections (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm). We also measured several morphometric traits (tap root length, shoot length, dry biomass of shoots and root/shoot ratio), which were used to test the influence of fire severity and soil chemistry upon them. Main results : Ectomycorrhizal colonization in undisturbed soils for total and separated root vertical sections was higher than in soils that had been affected by fire to some degree. Inversely, seedling vegetative size increased according to fire severity. Research highlights: Fire severity affected soil properties and mycorrhizal colonization one year after occurrence, thus affecting plant development. These findings can contribute to a better knowledge of the factors mediating successful establishment of P. pinaster in Mediterranean forests after wildfires.
The effect of electrical anisotropy on delamination detection sensitivity of self-conductive carbon fiber composite

The electrical resistance change with respect to delamination in self-conductive carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composite was investigated. As an example of application, the case of a Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) experiment was considered, with the aim to demonstrate the damage sensing capacity of the electrical resistance change method. Two-dimensional finite models were performed to figure out the potential distribution of a delaminated composite with different electrical anisotropy ratios. Based on the simulation results and the particularity of the CF/EP composite, a theoretical model was proposed to predict the electrical resistance change of the laminate with delamination increment, and the anisotropy effect was investigated using the model. To verify the simulation and modeling result, both CF/EP composite and conductive fillers modified CF/EP composite were prepared to examine their delamination detection sensitivity though DCB experiment, the experimental result shows the damage detection sensitivity of modified specimen shows a little increase compared with unmodified specimen, furthermore, theoretical prediction shows a satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
Title Targeting GRB7/ERK/FOXM1 Signaling Pathway Impairs Aggressiveness of Ovarian Cancer Cells

Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal disease with poor prognosis and especially in high-grade tumor. Emerging evidence has reported that aberrant upregulation and activation of GRB7, ERK as well as FOXM1 are closely associated with aggresivenesss of human cancers. However, the interplay between these factors in the pathogenesis of human cancers still remains unclear. In this study, we found that GRB7 (P,0.0001), ERK phosphorylation (P,0.0001) and FOXM1 (P = 0.001) were frequently increased and associated with high-grade tumors, as well as a high tendency in association with advanced stage ovarian cancer by immunohistochemical analysis. Intriguingly, the expressions of GRB7 (P,0.0001), ERK phosphorylation (P,0.001) and FOXM1 (P,0.001) showed a significant stepwise increase pattern along Grade 1 to Grade 3 ovarian cancers. Biochemical studies using western blot analysis demonstrated that enforced expression or knockdown of GRB7 showed GRB7 could elevate the levels of ERK phosphorylation and FOXM1, whereas enforced expression of FOXM1 could not alter levels of GRB7 and ERK phosphorylation. But inhibition of ERK signaling by U0126 or PD98059 could reduce the level of FOXM1 in GRB7-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells, suggesting that GRB7, ERK and FOXM1 are regulated orderly. Moreover, inhibition of ERK activity by U0126 or PD98059, or decreased FOXM1 expression by Thiostrepton significantly inhibited cell migration/invasion, tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our findings confer that targeting GRB7/ERK/FOXM1 signaling cascade may be a promising molecular therapeutic choice in combating ovarian cancer. Citation: Chan DW, Hui WWY, Cai PCH, Liu MX, Yung MMH, et al. (2012) Targeting GRB7/ERK/FOXM1 Signaling Pathway Impairs Aggressiveness of Ovarian Cancer Cells. PLoS ONE 7(12): e52578. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0052578 Editor: Muy-Teck Teh, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom Received August 30, 2012; Accepted November 20, 2012; Published December 20, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Chan et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was supported by the Wong Check She Charitable Foundation. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: dwchan@hku.hk (DC); hysngan@hku.hk (HN)
On the Velocity Covariance and Transport Modeling in Heterogeneous Anisotropic Porous Formations: 2. Unsaturated Flow

Velocity covariances, and the resultant macrodispersion coefficient tensor, derived by Russo (this issue) for saturated flow conditions, are applied for unsaturated flow conditions, employing the assumption that for a given mean capillary pressure head, water saturation is a deterministic constant and log conductivity is a multivariate normal, stationary random space function. The applicability of the approach for modeling flow and transport in the vadose zone was evaluated by the use of the stochastic theory of Yeh et al. (1985a, b) for steady, unsaturated flow. Results of the analyses suggest that the approach may be applicable to vadose zone flow and transport, as long as the scale of heterogeneity in the direction of the mean flow is smaller than approximately one tenth of the characteristic length of unsaturated flow. For porous formation of given statistics, the magnitude of macrodispersion in unsaturated flow is larger than that in saturated flow, and increases as water saturation decreases. For a given water saturation, transport in unsaturated flow may approach asymptotic Fickian behavior more slowly than in saturated flow, when the two formation properties log Ks and α are positively cross-correlated and when the correlation scale of α is relatively large as compared with the correlation scale of log Ks.
Measurement of Top Quark Mass and Jet Energy Scale

This thesis presents a simultaneous measurement of the top quark mass and jet energy scale in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √ s = 7 TeV using data taken with the CMS detector. Top quark pair events in the muon+jets decay channel are selected. The top quark mass (mt) and the jet energy scale (JES) are extracted from the data with a 2D ideogram method taking into account their correlations and minimizing the systematic uncertainty on the top quark mass. With an integrated luminosity of 1.1 fb−1, values ofmt = 173.1±1.3 (stat+JES)±1.1 (syst) GeV and JES = 1.014± 0.012 (stat)± 0.010 (syst) are measured. Zusammenfassung In Proton-Proton-Kollisionen mit einer Schwerpunktsenergie von √ s = 7 TeV wird eine simultane Messung der Masse des Top-Quarks und der Jetenergieskala am CMSExperiment durchgeführt. Dafür werden Ereignisse im Muon+Jets-Zerfall von TopQuark-Paaren selektiert. Die Top-Quark-Masse (mt) und die Jetenergieskala (JES) werden unter Beachtung ihrer Korrelation mit einer 2D-Ideogram-Methode aus den Daten bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Analyse werden in dieser Arbeit vorgestellt. Es wird gezeigt, dass die systematische Unsicherheit auf die Top-Quark-Masse im Vergleich zu vorherigen Messungen am LHC reduziert werden kann. Mit einer integrierten Luminosität von 1.1 fb−1 werdenmt = 173.1±1.3 (stat+JES)±1.1 (syst) GeV und JES = 1.014± 0.012 (stat)± 0.010 (syst) gemessen.
Nitrate Respiration in Chemoautotrophic Symbionts of the Bivalve Lucinoma aequizonata Is Not Regulated by Oxygen

The marine bivalve Lucinoma aequizonata has intracellular chemoautotrophic symbionts residing in the gill tissue. These bacteria are capable of nitrate respiration even under fully saturated oxygen conditions. Nitrate reductase in the symbionts of L. aequizonata appears to be constitutively expressed and without significant regulation by oxygen or nitrate. We discuss the stationary-phase growth state of the symbionts as an explanation for the lack of enzyme induction.
Major Depression and Medication Adherence in Elderly Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Little is known about the effects of depression on adherence to medical treatment regimens in older patients with chronic medical illnesses. Poor adherence may explain the increased risk of medical morbidity and mortality found in depressed medical patients. Ten of 55 patients over the age of 64 with coronary artery disease met the criteria for major depression from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 1987). All patients were prescribed a twice-per-day regimen of low dose aspirin to reduce their risk for myocardial infarction. Medication adherence was assessed for 3 weeks by an unobtrusive electronic monitoring device. Depressed patients adhered to the regimen on 45% of days, but nondepressed patients, on 69% (p < .02). Thus, major depression is associated with poor adherence to a regimen of prophylactic aspirin after the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.
Urbanization and butterfly diversity:a case study in Guangzhou,China

To investigate the correlation between urbanization and butterfly diversity,four different habitats,i.e.forest,farmland,city and wetland,in Guangzhou were surveyed between 2005 and 2006.73 species of butterflies from 46 genera in 10 families were recorded.Margalef species richness and Shannon-Wiener indices were used to analyze the species and community diversity of butterfly in the four urbanized regions.The results showed that both indices were the highest in forest regions and the lowest in wetland regions.While,wetland region showed the highest evenness index,followed by farmland,forest and city regions;also,wetland regions have the highest dominance index,followed by city,farmland and forest regions.The highest similarity,in term of numbers of common species,occurred between forest and farmland;in contrast,wetland regions had the most distinct species composition as compared to other regions.
Experienced Segregation

We introduce a novel measure of segregation, experienced isolation, that captures individuals’ exposure to diverse others in the places they visit over the course of their days. Using Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected from smartphones, we measure experienced isolation by race. We find that the isolation individuals experience is substantially lower than standard residential isolation measures would suggest, but that experienced and residential isolation are highly correlated across cities. Experienced isolation is lower relative to residential isolation in denser, wealthier, more educated cities with high levels of public transit use, and is also negatively correlated with income mobility. <br><br>Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at <a href="http://www.nber. org/papers/&#119;27572" TARGET="_blank">www.nber. org</a>. <br>
An Unsupervised Sentence Embedding Method by Mutual Information Maximization

BERT is inefficient for sentence-pair tasks such as clustering or semantic search as it needs to evaluate combinatorially many sentence pairs which is very time-consuming. Sentence BERT (SBERT) attempted to solve this challenge by learning semantically meaningful representations of single sentences, such that similarity comparison can be easily accessed. However, SBERT is trained on corpus with high-quality labeled sentence pairs, which limits its application to tasks where labeled data is extremely scarce. In this paper, we propose a lightweight extension on top of BERT and a novel self-supervised learning objective based on mutual information maximization strategies to derive meaningful sentence embeddings in an unsupervised manner. Unlike SBERT, our method is not restricted by the availability of labeled data, such that it can be applied on different domain-specific corpus. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms other unsupervised sentence embedding baselines on common semantic textual similarity (STS) tasks and downstream supervised tasks. It also outperforms SBERT in a setting where in-domain labeled data is not available, and achieves performance competitive with supervised methods on various tasks.
Emergence of Irregular Activity in Networks of Strongly Coupled Conductance-Based Neurons

Cortical neurons are characterized by irregular firing and a broad distribution of rates. The balanced state model explains these observations with a cancellation of mean excitatory and inhibitory currents, which makes fluctuations drive firing. In networks of neurons with current-based synapses, the balanced state emerges dynamically if coupling is strong, i.e. if the mean number of synapses per neuron K is large and synaptic efficacy is of order . When synapses are conductance-based, current fluctuations are suppressed when coupling is strong, questioning the applicability of the balanced state idea to biological neural networks. We analyze networks of strongly coupled conductance-based neurons and show that asynchronous irregular activity and broad distributions of rates emerge if synapses are of order 1/ log(K). In such networks, unlike in the standard balanced state model, current fluctuations are small and firing is maintained by a drift-diffusion balance. This balance emerges dynamically, without fine tuning, if inputs are smaller than a critical value, which depends on synaptic time constants and coupling strength, and is significantly more robust to connection heterogeneities than the classical balanced state model. Our analysis makes experimentally testable predictions of how the network response properties should evolve as input increases.
Toward Adaptive Trust Calibration for Level 2 Driving Automation

Properly calibrated human trust is essential for successful interaction between humans and automation. However, while human trust calibration can be improved by increased automation transparency, too much transparency can overwhelm human workload. To address this tradeoff, we present a probabilistic framework using a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) for modeling the coupled trust-workload dynamics of human behavior in an action-automation context. We specifically consider hands-off Level 2 driving automation in a city environment involving multiple intersections where the human chooses whether or not to rely on the automation. We consider automation reliability, automation transparency, and scene complexity, along with human reliance and eye-gaze behavior, to model the dynamics of human trust and workload. We demonstrate that our model framework can appropriately vary automation transparency based on real-time human trust and workload belief estimates to achieve trust calibration.
A model for random three-manifolds

We study compact three-manifolds with boundary obtained by randomly gluing together truncated tetrahedra along their faces. We prove that, asymptotically almost surely as the number of tetrahedra tends to infinity, these manifolds are connected and have a single boundary component. We prove a law of large numbers for the genus of this boundary component, we show that the Heegaard genus of these manifolds is linear in the number of tetrahedra and we bound their first Betti number. We also show that, asymptotically almost surely as the number of tetrahedra tends to infinity, our manifolds admit a unique hyperbolic metric with totally geodesic boundary. We prove a law of large numbers for the volume of this metric, prove that the associated Laplacian has a uniform spectral gap and show that the diameter of our manifolds is logarithmic as a function of their volume. Finally, we determine the Benjamini--Schramm limit of our sequence of random manifolds.
United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No . : US 6 , 531 , 129 B 2

RNRESENSEARCH Mollinedo et al. Biochem J. vol. 327, pp. 917-923, 1997. * Harlow et al. Antibodies A Laboratory Manual. Eds. Harlow (75) Inventors: Iris Pecker, Rishon Le Zion (IL); et al., pp. 471–510, 1988. Israel Wlodavsky, Mevaseret Zion (IL); KoSir et al. J. Surg. Res.67: 98–105, Jan. 1997. * Yael Friedman, Jerusalem (IL); Tuvia Marchetti et al. Cancer Res. 56: 2856-2863, Jun 1996. Perets, Ramat Gan (IL) Nakajima et al. (J. Cell Biochemistry 1988; 36: 157-167). * Bost et al. (Immunol. Invest. 1988; 17:577–586). * (73) Assignees: Insight Strategy & Marketing Ltd., Bendayan (J. Histochem. Cytochem. 1995; 43: 881–886). * Rehovot (IL); Hadasit Medical Coleman et al. (Research in Immunology, 1994; 145(1): Research Services and Development 33–36). * Ltd., Jerusalem (IL) Abaza et al. (Journal of Protein Chemistry, vol. 11, No. 5, 1992, pp. 433–444.* (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Lederman et al. (Molecular Immunology 28: 1171–1181, patent is extended or adjusted under 35 1991). * U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Li et al. (PNAS 77: 3211–3214, 1980). * Ngo et al.; in The Protein Folding Problem and Tertiary (21) Appl. No.: 09/322,977 Structure Prediction, 1994, Merz et al., (ed.), Birkhauser, Boston, MA, pp. 433 and 492-495. * (22) Filed: Jun. 1, 1999 * cited by examiner (65) Prior Publication Data Primary Examiner Patrick J. Nolan US 2002/0114801 A1 Aug. 22, 2002 Assistant Examiner Amy DeCloux O O (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-G. E. Ehrlich LTD Related U.S. Application Data (57) ABSTRACT (60) Division of application No. 09/071,739, filed on May 1, 1998, now Pat. No. 6,177.545, which is a continuation-inA variety of heparanase Specific molecular probes which can part of application No. 08/922,170, filed on Sep. 2, 1997, be used for research and medical applications including now Pat. No. 5,968,822. diagnosis and therapy are disclosed. Specific applications (51) Int. Cl. " . A61K 39/395 include the use of a heparanase specific molecular probe for (52) U.S. Cl. 424/139.1; 424/130.1; detection of the presence, absence or level of heparanase 424/146.1; 435/7.1 expression; the use of a heparanase Specific molecular probe (58) Field of Search . 424,146.1. 1301, for therapy of a condition associated with expression of 424/1391; 435/7.1 heparanase; the use of a heparanase Specific molecular probe s for quantification of heparanase in a body fluid; the use of a (56) References Cited heparanase specific molecular probe for targeted drug deliv ery; and, the use of a heparanase Specific molecular probe as U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS a therapeutic agent.
Implications of Grain Size Distribution and Composition for the Correlation between Dust Extinction and Emissivity

We study the effect of variations in dust size distribution and composition on the correlation between the spectral shape of extinction (parameterized by R V) and far-infrared dust emissivity (parameterized by the power-law index β). Starting from the size distribution models proposed by Weingartner & Draine, using the dust absorption and emission properties derived by Laor & Draine for carbonaceous and silicate grains, and by Li & Draine for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon grains, we calculate the extinction and compare it with the reddening vector derived by Schlafly et al. An optimizer and an Markov chain Monte Carlo method are used to explore the space of available parameters for the size distributions. We find that larger grains are correlated with high R V. However, this trend is not enough to explain the emission-extinction correlation observed by Schlafly et al. For the R V − β correlation to arise, we need to impose explicit priors for the carbonaceous and silicate volume priors as functions of R V. The results show that a composition with higher ratio of carbonaceous to silicate grains leads to higher R V and lower β. A relation between E(B − V)/τ 353 and R V is apparent, with possible consequences for the recalibration of emission-based dust maps as a function of R V.
Zero measure spectrum for multi-frequency Schrödinger operators

Building on works of Berthe--Steiner--Thuswaldner and Fogg--Nous we show that on the two-dimensional torus, Lebesgue almost every translation admits a natural coding such that the associated subshift satisfies the Boshernitzan criterion. As a consequence we show that for these torus translations, every quasi-periodic potential can be approximated uniformly by one for which the associated Schrodinger operator has Cantor spectrum of zero Lebesgue measure. We also describe a framework that can allow this to be extended to higher-dimensional tori.