Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of inter-pixel nested ridges incorporated in a stacked gradient homojunction photodiode architecture

The response resolution of the stacked gradient homojunction vertical single junction photodiode can be improved further by including a laterally stacked gradient homojunction in the form of inter-pixel nested ridges that extend from each epilayer towards the frontwall of the photodiode (Fig 4). In this study, we have simulated the effect of inter-pixel ridge height and width on the response resolution of a two dimensional CMOS compatible stacked gradient homojunction photodiode array. The results demonstrate enhanced relative crosstalk suppression and slightly enhanced maximum quantum efficiency compared to all photodiodes previously simulated by the authors, except for the double junction photodiode which demonstrated better crosstalk suppression though being much reduced in sensitivity. As inter-pixel nesting of ridges increases with increase in ridge height, the relative crosstalk reduces and the maximum quantum efficiency is improved to a constant level above that of the conventional stacked gradient homojunction photodiode. As the lateral gap between nested ridges increases and the ridges' widths reduce more rapidly through the underlying epilayers, the relative crosstalk deceases while the maximum quantum efficiency remains constant. Frontwall illumination is advantaged in reduced crosstalk due to the immediacy of illumination to the depletion region and being far from the substrate. Backwall illumination is superior in sensitivity due to more carriers being photogenerated outside the well and being focused into the depletion region by the two minority carrier mirrors.
Effects of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Metabolomics in Weaned Piglets Challenged by Escherichia Coli

Background: The effects of dietary supplementation with guava leaf extracts (GE) on growth performance, diarrhea and intestinal barrier function, as well as associated with its modulation of serum and fecal metabolic changes in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were investigated.Method: Fifty weaned piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) from 5 pens (2 piglets per pen) were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (BC), negative control group (NC), or those supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 (S50), 100 mg kg-1 (S100), or 200 (S200) mg kg-1 diet GE, respectively. On day 4, all piglets (except for BC) were orally challenged with about 1.0 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) enterotoxigenic ETEC. After 28-day trial, growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal barrier function and metabolomics of serum and fecal were investigated.Results: We demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) (P < 0.05) and sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) upregulated level of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and reversed higher level of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) caused by ETEC in serum compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets. In addition, dietary addition with GE (100 mg kg-1) reversed the lower level of L-pipecolic acid caused by ETEC in feces compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and decreased oxidative stress response of piglets. Further, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the final weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and F/G among dietary groups during the overall period, and piglets in S50 group has the higher average daily gain (ADG). Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets challenged by ETEC and exhibited positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function. Meanwhile, dietary addition with GE organized and redistributed energy resources through similar or dissimilar metabolic pathways, and finally enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets challenged by ETEC.
PHYSICAL AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MANURE PRODUCTS

Selected physical and rheological properties deemed to influence the performances of handling and land application equipment were quantified for different types of manure at different levels of total solids concentration (TS) ranging from 10% to 50% on a wet mass basis. The selected properties included total solids concentration, bulk density, particle size distribution, friction characteristics, and shearing behavior and were measured for dairy cattle, sheep, poultry, and pig manure. The bulk density of all manure products was found to increase with TS and the values for poultry and pig manure were not significantly different at the tested TS levels. The measured density values were in close agreement with ASAE D384. The proposed modified geometric mean length of the particles was found to significantly increase as TS became smaller. The static friction coefficients of all manure types with the exception of pig manure on the different surface materials [plywood, plastic, steel (bare and painted )] did not exhibit large differences and a single linear equation was suggested to predict the static friction coefficient as a function of TS. Animal manures were described as pseudoplastic fluids and the consistency coefficients were found to increase with TS for all manure types. The apparent viscosity of the tested manure products was well correlated to TS. The implications of the property results obtained in this study as well as future research are discussed.
Student Writing in Higher Education: New Contexts.

Student Writing in Higher Education is the first book to examine student writing in the context of major changes taking place in today's higher education. For example, students now come to higher education from an increasingly wide range of cultural and linguistic backgrounds, to study in a number of diverse learning environments. Their courses often no longer reflect traditional academic subject boundaries, with their attendant values and norms. There is also an increasing recognition of the importance of lifelong learning, and the necessity for universities to adapt their provision to make it possible for learners to enter and return to higher education at different points in their lives.Against the background of these changes, this book brings together research carried out by practitioners in a number of international university contexts. Each of the chapters focuses on some aspect of 'new contexts' - either by examining the writing and assessment practices of non-traditional university courses and settings, or by exploring attempts to introduce innovative practices in traditional academic subjects. The authors concentrate specifically on the implications of research for the work of university teachers. The unifying theme of the volume is a view of writing as a contextualized social practice rather than merely a technical and transferable skill.This book is an important resource for all university teachers seeking to improve their teaching with regard to student writing, and is essential reading for all staff developers.
Occupational risks in industrial maintenance

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to describe the most important occupational risks in maintenance operations.Design/methodology/approach – This study analyzed all maintenance‐related fatalities since 1985 together with one group of severe accidents in Finland. In connection with the study, risk assessments were carried out in companies with the aim of charting the risks on sites.Findings – The results indicate that the typical risks in maintenance operations involve poor ergonomics and that the most severe risks among these can lead to direct injury. Severe or even fatal injuries are mainly caused by crushing or falling.Practical implications – To manage the risks, maintenance operations should be taken more carefully into account when designing and reconstructing machinery and work environments. It should be ensured that workers have relevant safety knowledge by means of risk assessments and instruction in safe working practice. In addition, safety cooperation with the customer is essential.Originality.
A comparative study of pilot-based channel estimators for wireless OFDM

This report deals with pilot-based channel estimation in wireless OFDM systems. We assume that the receiver is able to use all transmitted pilots, which is the case in broadcasting and in the downlink of a multiuser system. Four estimators (of which two have been proposed in the literature) are compared, both in terms of mean-squared error and bit-error rates. In the latter case, we simulate a multiuser system which incorporates channel coding. The channel estimation is a two-dimensional problem (time and frequency), and both separable and non-separable estimators are investigated. We design low-rank approximations of these estimators, and compare the performance at given complexities. The comparison shows that the use of separable estimators increases the performance substantially, compared to non-separable estimators with the same complexity. For the scenario investigated in this report the performance is further improved by applying low-rank approximations to separable estimators. (Less)
Handbook of Human Factors in Medical Device Design

Introduction, M.E. Wiklund General Principles, M.E. Wiklund and M.B. Weinger Basic Human Abilities, E.W. Israelski Environment of Use, P. Carayon, B. Tzion Karsh, C.J. Alvarado, M.B. Weinger, and M. Wiklund Anthropometry and Biomechanics, W.G. Allread and E.W. Israelski Documentation, J.W. Gwynne III and D.A. Kobus Testing and Evaluation, E.W. Israelski Controls, S.B. Wilcox Visual Displays, W.H. Muto and M.E. Maddox Connections and Connectors, J.F. Dyro Alarm Design, S.B. Wilcox Software User Interfaces, M.E. Wiklund Workstations, M.E. Wiklund Signs, Symbols, and Markings, M.J. Kalsher and M.S. Wogalter Packaging, M.E. Maddox and L.W. Avery Device Life Cycle, M.E. Maddox and L.W. Avery Hand Tool Design, R. Botney, M.B. Privitera, R. Berguer and R. Radwin Mobile Medical Devices, R. Stein and M.E. Wiklund Home Health Care, D.J. Gardner-Bonneau Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Design of Medical Devices, U. Hoelscher, L. Liu, T. Gruchmann, and C. Pantiskas Editors Contributors Index
High-field-induced degradation in ultra-thin SiO/sub 2/ films

Very thin thermal oxides are shown to exhibit a failure mode that is undetected by conventional breakdown tests. This failure mode appears in the form of excessive leakage current at low field and is induced by high-field stresses. The stress-induced oxide leakage is permanent and stable with time and thermal annealing. It becomes the dominant failure mode of thin oxides because it always precedes destructive breakdown. Experimental results and theoretical calculations show that the leakage current is not caused by positive charge generation and accumulation in the oxide. It is proposed that the oxide leakage originates from localized defect-related weak spots where the insulator has experienced significant deterioration from electrical stress. The leakage conduction mechanism appears to be thermally assisted tunneling through the locally reduced injection barrier, and the model seems to be consistent with both I-V measurements at temperatures from 77 K to 250 degrees C and theoretical calculations. >
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Pemerintah Provinsi di Indonesia

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh rasio keuangan (Rasio Derajat Desentralisasi, Rasio Ketergantungan Keuangan Daerah, Rasio Kemandirian Keuangan Daerah, Rasio Efekivitas Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), Rasio Efisiensi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Rasio Efektivitas Pajak Daerah) terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM). IPM digunakan sebagai tolak ukur untuk menilai kinerja pemerintah daerah dalam hal penyediaan layanan publik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah Provinsi di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah tahun 2010, 2011 dan 2012 untuk memprediksi IPM Provinsi tahun 2011, 2012 dan 2013. Data diperoleh dari website Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan dan dari website masing-masing pemerintah provinsi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan regresi berganda.Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa Rasio Derajat Desentralisasi, Rasio Ketergantungan Keuangan Daerah dan Rasio Efektivitas Pajak Daerah berpengaruh terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM). Sedangkan tiga viariabel independen yang lain tidak berpengaruh terhadap IPM. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan, keterbatasan data tertentu sehingga populasi yang digunakan adalah pemerintah provinsi dan terbatas dalan waktu (tahun) yang digunakan dalam penelitian.Kata Kunci: Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), kinerja pemerintah provinsi, layanan publik, rasio keuangan.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of financial ratios (Ratio Degree of Decentralization, Local Financial Dependency Ratio, Regional Financial Independence Ratio, Ratio Effectiveness of Locally Generated Revenue, Ratio Efficiency of Locally Generated Revenue and Ratio Effectiveness of Local Tax) to Human Development Index. Human Development Index is used as a benchmark to assess the performance of local governments in the provision of public services. The population in this study is the Provincial Government in Indonesia. The data used is the Local Government Finance Report in 2010, 2011 and 2012 to predict the Provincial Human Development Index in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Data were obtained from the website of the BPK RI and from the website of each provincial government, then analyzed using multiple regression.The results of this study indicate that the ratio of Degrees of Decentralization, Local Financial Dependency Ratio and Ratio Effectiveness of Local Tax effect on the Human Development Index (HDI). While the other three independent variable no effect on the HDI. This study has limitations, limitations specific data so that the population used is the provincial government and a limited role in time (years) used in the study.Keywords: Human Development Index (HDI), the performance of the provincial government, public services, financial ratios.
External Assessment of Engineering Programs

This paper reports on an Industry Focus Group Forum, which was held 20 October 2011. The purpose of the forum was to obtain local Industry’s perception and opinions of the strengths and weaknesses of new engineering graduates from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba at the time they enter the work force. Key strengths of best-in-class engineering employees were identified, such as attitude, knowledge base, creativity, communication, and initiative. While these were the attributes of best-in-class employees, they represented goals to which new graduates should aspire. The industry members also identified weaknesses of new engineering graduates, such as life-long learning, practical aspects, engineering tools, and communication. The strengths and weaknesses were mapped to Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board attributes for validation. The secondary purpose of the forum was to establish a process by which the Faculty can assess their graduates at the time they enter the workforce. The process involved external opinions of the quality of the Faculty’s new graduates.
Ephemeriden aus Java, gesammelt von Edw. Jacobson

Aus Java waren bisher 8 Arten bekannt, namlich Palingenia javanica Etn. , Palingenia tenera Etn. , Rhoenanthus speciosus Etn. , Thalerosphyrus determinatus Walk. (alle durch Eaton, Rev. Monogr. Ephemeridae, genannt), Compsoneuria spectabilis Etn. , Caenis nigropunctata Klap. , Pseudocloeon Kraepelini Klap. und Cloeon virens Klap. (von Klapalek, Mitt. Naturh. Mus. Hamburg. 22. 1905, aufgefuhrt). Die Sammlung Jacobson, die teils in meinem Besitz, teils in dem des Museums zu Leyden ist, fugt weitere 9 Arten, darunter 5 neue, hinzu. Wertvoll sind (ausser der Bereicherung der Liste) auch vor allem die biologischen Beobachtungen, die Herr Jacobson mir freundlichst mitteilte und die weiter unten wiedergegeben werden. — Das Material ist, wenn nicht anders angegeben, in Spiritus konserviert.
Collaborative distance: investigating issues related to distance factors affecting collaboration performance

Both organisations and individuals are using more collaborative work, across geographic, disciplinary and organisational boundaries, leading to increased demand for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to support a more effective and efficient distributed collaboration. This thesis presents an empirical study exploring various aspects related to collaborative distance in the context of innovation projects. It focuses on the investigation of issues related to distance factors that affect collaboration effectiveness and efficiency. A total of 14 focus group interviews, undertaken with 75 participants in a comparative study of 14 project cases, revealed sufficient evidence on distance factors in the context of mixed (face-to-face and online or virtual) collocation modes. The results confirmed the positive role of collaboration technology for compressing geographical and temporal types of distance; other distance types were also bridged, however, other distance types were created. This empirical study aims to enlarge the academic understanding of distance factors by disambiguating their description and deciphering their role in the collaboration process, and clarifying the reasons for the use and improvement of collaboration technology for overcoming collaborative distances. It also confirms that distance factors raise collaboration barriers, and reveals that they disturb the collaboration mechanics by hindering knowledge workers’ capacity to reach a mutual understanding. Such findings have deep implications for the future enhancement of collaboration technology to fill the current gaps in distributed collaboration, also called e-Collaboration.
UNDERSTANDING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PRO- ECOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF FUTURE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS

This paper determines sustainable development and emphasizes the importance of educational institutions in proclaiming sustainable development. Furthermore, a research was conducted with the aim of determining an understanding of sustainable development concepts and the familiarity with certain terms as well as the frequency of certain pro-ecological behaviour in future preschool teachers. The sample consisted of undergraduate students of Early and Preschool Education of the University of Zagreb (N = 266). According to the results obtained, future preschool teachers agree that today's society should strive for sustainable development. In addition, future preschool teachers mostly practice those pro-ecological behaviours that relate to energy and water saving.
Experimental Study on Geocell-Reinforced Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Bases under Static and Cyclic Loading

iii Dedication v Acknowledgement vi List of Tables xiii List of Figures xvi CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Problem Statement 3 1.3 Objective 6 1.4 Research Methodology 7 1.5 Organization 7 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.
Modelling of the B-type binaries CW Cephei and U Ophiuchi

Context. Intermediate-mass stars are often overlooked. They are not supernova progenitors, but still host convective cores and complex atmospheres that require computationally expensive treatment. This means that there is a general lack of this class of stars modelled by state-of-the-art stellar structure and evolution codes. Aims. We used high-quality spectroscopy to update the dynamically obtained stellar parameters and to produce a new evolutionary assessment of the bright B0.5+B0.5 and B5V+B5V binary systems CW Cep and U Oph. Methods. We used new spectroscopy obtained with the Hermes spectrograph to revisit the photometric binary solution of the two systems. The updated mass ratio and effective temperatures are incorporated to obtain new dynamical masses for the primary and secondary. With these data we performed evolutionary modelling using isochrone-clouds to investigate the core properties of these stars. Results. We report the first abundances for CW Cep and U Oph, and we report an updated dynamical solution for the two systems. We find that we cannot uniquely constrain the amount of core boundary mixing in any of the stars we consider. Instead, we report their core masses and compare our results to previous studies. Conclusions. We find that the per-cent level precision on fundamental stellar quantities are accompanied with core mass estimates to a precision between ∼5% and 15%. We find that differences in analysis techniques can lead to substantially different evolutionary modelling results, which calls for the compilation of a homogeneously analysed sample to draw inferences on internal physical processes.
Effect of Growth Regulators Concentrations on in Vitro Multiplication of Three Elite Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Genotypes using Shoottip Culture

Conventional vegetative propagation of sugarcane generally has low multiplication rate and allows distribution of diseases. Micropropagation is the only practical means of achieving rapid, large-scale production of disease-free quality planting material. Experiments on shoot tip culture initiation and shoot multiplication were laid out in completely randomized design with 2x3x3 and 4x5x3 factorial treatment arrangements respectively. Data was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using Duncan's multiple range tests. With regard to shoot multiplication, genotype Q200 showed a maximum of 13.59 shoots per explant with 5.83cm shoot length on a medium fortified with 2 mg/l BAP alone, while genotype Q217 produced a maximum of 15.28 shoots per explant with 5.37cm mean shoot length on a medium supplied with 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.25 mg/l kinetin. Likewise, Co-0238 produced maximum of 13.56 shoots per explant with mean shoot length 6.50 cm on medium fortified with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5mg/l kinetin
Clinical Outcomes of TESSYS and TESSYS-ISEE Approach on Treatment of Lateral Recess Stenosis: A Comparison Study

Background: Lateral recess stenosis (LRS) is a common degenerative disease in the elderly. Since the rise of comorbidity is associated with the increasing age, the percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression is advocated. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression in LRS via TESSYS or TESSYS-ISEE approach. Methods: A total of 45 and 42 consecutive patients with limp or radiculopathy symptoms underwent percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression using transforaminal endoscopic spine system (TESSYS) and TESSYS-ISEE, respectively. The radiation exposure and operation time, time to return to work, and complications were compared between two groups. Their clinical outcomes were evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS) leg pain score, VAS back pain score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Modified MacNab’s criteria. Results: The average values of radiation exposure and operative time in TESSYS group were significantly higher than those in TESSYS-ISEE group (P<0.05). The postoperative VAS and ODI scores in both groups were significantly improved compared with before the operation (P<0.05). In addition, the VAS score of the leg and ODI score in the TESSYS-ISEE group were significantly lower than those in TESSYS group at 1 week follow-up (P<0.05). The good-to-excellent rates of the TESSYS and TESSYS-ISEE group were 88.89 and 90.48%, respectively, whereas the complication occurrence rates were 6.67 and 4.76% in TESSYS and TESSYS-ISEE groups, respectively. Conclusions: TESSYS-ISEE can be applied to treat LRS safely and effectively with short radiation exposure and operation time. This approach was comparable to the TESSYS approach with improved VAS leg pain and ODI score in short period after operation. However, potential complications and risks still needs to be considered.