Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and Determinants of Postnatal Care Service Utilization Among Women Who Gave Birth in the Last 12 Months in Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction The postnatal period is the first 6 weeks (42 days) following delivery of a baby. The first hours, days and weeks after childbirth are the most critical times for both the mother and newborn infants. Most maternal and neonatal deaths occur during the first 24 hours after childbirth. Purpose This study aimed to assess the magnitude and its determinants of postnatal care service utilization among women who gave birth in the last 12 months from May 1 to 21, 2019, in the Northern part of Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 413 women who had given birth in the previous 12 months. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire adopted from UNICEF and similar studies Data were entered, cleaned and coded into EPI info version 3.5 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression was applied to identify associations between explanatory variable and the outcome variable. Statistical significance was declared at p<0.05 and 95% CI. Results In this study, the magnitude of postnatal care service utilization was 37%. A live birth outcome AOR (95% CI) =5.7 (1.53,21.216), maternal educational AOR (95% CI)=3.3 (1.90,5.60) household income >1,500 ETB per month AOR (95% CI)=2.9 (1.20,6.70), a planned and supported pregnancy AOR (95% CI)=3.9 (1.71,9.01) and last pregnancy of facility delivered AOR= (95% CI)=3.1 (1.25,7.70) are positively associated with utilization of postnatal care services. Conclusion The major determinant factors that affect utilization of PNC identified in this study include monthly income of household, last pregnancy birth outcome, educational status of the mother, wantedness of the pregnancy and place of delivery were significantly associated with postnatal care service utilization. To improve PNC service utilization and to minimize maternal and neonatal mortality, mothers should be made aware about postnatal care services.
Karyotypes diversity in some Iranian Pamphagidae grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Pamphagidae): new insights on the evolution of the neo-XY sex chromosomes

Abstract For the first time, cytogenetic features of grasshoppers from Iran have been studied. In this paper we conducted a comparative cytogenetic analysis of six species from the family Pamphagidae. The species studied belong to subfamilies Thrinchinae Stål, 1876 (Eremopeza bicoloripes (Moritz, 1928), E. saussurei (Uvarov, 1918)) and Pamphaginae (Saxetania paramonovi (Dirsh, 1927), Tropidauchen escalerai Bolívar, 1912, Tropidauchen sp. , and Paranothrotes citimus Mistshenko, 1951). We report information about the chromosome number and morphology, C-banding patterns, and localization of ribosomal DNA clusters and telomeric (TTAGG)n repeats. Among these species, only S. paramonovi had an ancestral Pamphagidae karyotype (2n=18+X0♂; FN=19♂). The karyotypes of the remaining species differed from the ancestral karyotypes. The karyotypes of E. bicoloripes and E. saussurei, despite having the same chromosome number (2n=18+X0♂) had certain biarmed chromosomes (FN=20♂ and FN=34♂ respectively). The karyotypes of T. escalerai and Tropidauchen sp. consisted of eight pairs of acrocentric autosomes, one submetacentric neo-X chromosome and one acrocentric neo-Y chromosome in males (2n=16+neo-X neo-Y♂). The karyotype of P. citimus consisted of seven pairs of acrocentric autosomes, submetacentric the neo-X1 and neo-Y and acrocentric the neo-X2 chromosomes (2n=14+neo-X1 neo-X2 neo-Y♂). Comparative analysis of the localization and size of C-positive regions, the position of ribosomal clusters and the telomeric DNA motif in the chromosomes of the species studied, revealed early unknown features of their karyotype evolution. The data obtained has allowed us to hypothesize that the origin and early phase of evolution of the neo-Xneo-Y♂ sex chromosome in the subfamily Pamphaginae, are linked to the Iranian highlands.
A Systemic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Reporting the Prevalence and Impact of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in India

Aim and objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prevalence, burden and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This systemic review was also aimed to highlight the challenges in the diagnosis and management of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in India (for all age groups). We also examined the published literature on the available treatment options and the role of prevention in the management of MRSA in India. By summarizing the currently available data, our objectives were to highlight the need for the prevention of MRSA infections and also emphasize the role of vaccination in the prevention of MRSA infections in India. Methodology: Electronic databases such as PubMed and databases of the National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources and Indian Council of Medical Research Embase were searched for relevant literature published from 2005/01/01 to 2020/05/13 in English language, according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A manual search was also conducted using the key term “MRSA ‘or’ Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ‘and’ India. ” An independent reviewer extracted data from the studies using a structured Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, and a meta-analysis of proportion for MRSA prevalence with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for all included individual studies were performed. Result: A total of 34 studies involving 16 237 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of patients with MRSA infection was 26.8% (95% CI: 23.2%-30.7%). The MRSA infection was more prevalent among male patients (60.4%; 95% CI: 53.9%-66.5%) as compared to female patients (39.6%; 95% CI: 33.5%-46.1%), while the prevalence of MRSA was higher among adults (18 years and above; 32%; 95% CI: 5%-80%) in comparison to pediatric patients (0-18 years; 68%; 95% CI: 20%-94.8%). The degree of heterogeneity was found to be significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA in India was relatively high at 27% with a higher proportion observed among men aged >18 years. The high prevalence of MRSA infections in India necessitates the implementation of surveillance and preventive measures to combat the spread of MRSA in both hospital and community settings.
D-Dimer, Fibrinogen, and IL-6 in COVID-19 Patients with Suspected Venous Thromboembolism: A Narrative Review

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged from the West District of Southern China Seafood Wholesale Market in late December 2019 and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) presents with upper respiratory symptoms like cough, fever, and lethargy. At the same time, in later stages, critical COVID-19 patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and multiple organ failure from cytokine storm and coagulation hyperactivity. Primary manifestations of thrombotic events include deep vein thrombosis (DVT), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Initial coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients presents with elevated fibrin degradation products, especially D-dimers. In contrast, late presentations show evidence of prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT), increased platelets, and fibrinogen levels. Diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression are done by regular screening of laboratory parameters, including D-dimer and fibrinogen. Management of coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients is like that of critically ill patients, including thromboprophylaxis. Coagulopathy is a poor prognostic factor, and optimum strategies should be developed for early diagnosis, prevention, and prompt treatment of VTE in COVID-19 patients. Thrombosis prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has shown beneficial results in preventing coagulopathy a reducing risk of mortality due to thrombotic events. We will discuss VTE in COVID-19 patients highlighting the role of D-dimer, fibrinogen, and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
AKT isoforms have discrete expression in triple negative breast cancers and roles in cisplatin sensitivity

AKT, a serine threonine kinase, exists in three different isoforms and is known for regulating several biological processes including tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the expression and net effect of the individual isoforms in triple negative breast cancers and response to cisplatin treatment using cellular, mice models and clinical samples. Interestingly, analysis of the expressions of AKT isoforms in clinical samples showed relatively higher expression of AKT1 in primary tissues; whereas lung and liver metastatic samples showed elevated expression of AKT2. Similarly, triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, BT-549 and MDA-MB-231, with high proliferative and invasive properties, displayed higher expression levels of AKT1/2. By modulating AKT isoform expression in MCF-10A and BT-549 cell lines, we found that presence of AKT2 was associated with invasiveness, stemness and sensitivity to drug treatment. It was observed that the silencing of AKT2 suppressed the cancer stem cell populations (CD44high CD24low, ALDH1), mammosphere formation, invasive and migratory potential in MCF-10A and BT-549 cells. It was further demonstrated that loss of function of AKT1 isoform is associated with reduced sensitivity towards cisplatin treatment in triple-negative breast cancers cellular and syngeneic mice models. The decrease in cisplatin treatment response in shAKT1 cells was allied with the upregulation in the expression of transporter protein ABCG2, whereas silencing of ABCG2 restored cisplatin sensitivity in these cells through AKT/SNAIL/ABCG2 axis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the varied expression of AKT isoforms in triple-negative breast cancers and also confirmed differential role of isoforms in stemness, invasiveness and response towards the cisplatin treatment.
Unraveling the Mystery of Gray Zone Lymphoma in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Seropositive Patients: Two Cases

Gray zone lymphoma (GZL) is an uncommon neoplasm with intermediate features of both classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). It was identified in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification as its own neoplasm in 2008. Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been rarely diagnosed with this type of lymphoma and treatment strategies for this subset of patients is not well described. Here we present two cases of patients with HIV that were diagnosed with GZL in a single community-based institution. A 68-year-old male with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) presented with 6-month history of dyspnea and weight loss. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed multiple lung and mediastinal lesions, the largest measuring 9.4 × 5.5 cm lesion in the right perihilar region. Lymph node biopsy revealed abnormal lymphocytes with immunohistochemistry (IHC) positive for cluster of differentiation 30 (CD30), CD20 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), consistent with a diagnosis of GZL. The patient received dose-adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) and attained a complete response. He since completed maintenance rituximab therapy and remains disease-free at 33 months. A 40-year-old female with HIV/AIDS on HAART presented with high-grade fever, dyspnea, and weight loss. CT imaging revealed multiple lung lesions, hepatosplenomegaly and diffuse lymphadenopathy in the chest and abdomen. Lymph node and bone marrow biopsy revealed cells positive for CD20, CD30, and EBV within atypical lymphoid cells. With this, a diagnosis of GZL was made and she was treated with DA-EPOCH-R. She attained a complete response and was on maintenance rituximab therapy. At 9 months she relapsed, she has now received a bone marrow transplant. GZL is a rarely described neoplasm within the HIV population. Here we describe two HIV patients diagnosed with GZL that were successfully treated at our institution. DA-EPOCH-R was able to induce durable remission with limited side effects and it represents a viable strategy for treating patients in this population. Further studies need to be performed to better characterize this lymphoma, especially in HIV patients. Treatment strategies for this select group of patients also need to be better defined.
Redescription of Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879), a species endemic to the central Apennines, Italy (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae) by an integrative molecular and morphological approach

Abstract Specimens obtained from ten populations of a Monacha species from the central Apennines were compared with six molecular lineages of Monacha cantiana s. l. (CAN-1, CAN-2, CAN-3, CAN-4, CAN-5, CAN-6) and two other Monacha species (M. cartusiana and M. parumcincta), treated as outgroup, by molecular (nucleotide sequences of two mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA as well as two nuclear ITS2 and H3 gene fragments) and morphological (shell and genital anatomy) analysis. The results strongly suggest that these populations represent a separate species for which two names are available: the older Helix pantanellii De Stefani, 1879 and the junior M. ruffoi Giusti, 1973. The nucleotide sequences created well separated clades on each phylogenetic tree. Genital anatomy included several distinctive features concerning vaginal appendix, penis, penial papilla and flagellum; instead, shell characters only enabled them to be distinguished from M. cartusiana and M. parumcincta. Remarkably, populations of M. pantanellii show high morphological variability. Shell variability mainly concerns size, some populations having very small dimensions. Genital variability shows a more intricate pattern of all anatomical parts, being higher as regards the vagina and vaginal appendix. Despite this morphological variability, the K2P distance range of COI sequences between populations is narrow (0.2–4.5%), if we consider all but three of the 53 sequences obtained. This research confirmed that the species of Monacha and their molecularly distinguished lineages can only occasionally be recognised morphologically and that they have significant inter- and intra-population variability. The possibility of using an overall approach, including shell, genital and molecular evidence, was taken in order to establish a reliable taxonomic setting.
A spectrometric approach to measuring the Rayleigh scattering length for liquid scintillator detectors

Good optical transparency is a fundamental requirement of liquid scintillator (LS) detectors. Characterizing the transparency of a liquid scintillator to its own emitted light is a key parameter to determine the overall sensitivity of a large-volume detector. The attenuation of light in an optical-pure LS is dominated by Rayleigh scattering, which poses an intrinsic limit to the transparency of LS. This work presents a spectrometric approach of measuring the wavelength-dependent scattering length of liquids by applying the Einstein-Smoluchowski theory to a measurement of scattered light intensity. The scattering lengths of linear alkyl benzene (LAB) and EJ309-base (Di-isopropylnaphthalene, DIN) were measured and are reported in the wavelength range of 410–520 nm. The spectral peak of scintillation light emitted by a nominal LS is around 430 nm at which the scattering lengths for LAB and EJ-309-base were determined to be 27.9 ± 2.3 m and 6.1 ± 0.6 m.
Higher Serum Asprosin Level is Associated with Urinary Albumin Excretion and Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetes

Aim We detected whether serum asprosin levels play a role in the occurrence and development of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which has not been previously discussed. Methods Based on urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), 207 T2DM patients were divided into T2DM patients with normoalbuminuria (UACR<30 mg/g), microalbuminuria (30≤UACR<300 mg/g), and macroalbuminuria (UACR≥300 mg/g). Serum asprosin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Comparatively, the serum asprosin levels in T2DM patient groups with macroalbuminuria [2.37 (1.63–3.57)] and microalbuminuria [2.10 (1.60–2.90)] were significantly increased than the normoalbuminuria group [1.59 (1.18–2.09)] (P<0.001). Importantly, the serum level of asprosin was positively correlated with UACR (r=0.304, P<0.001), creatinine (r=0.157, P=0.024), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (r=0.244, P<0.001), and negatively with glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r=−0.159, P=0.022). Furthermore, multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that asprosin was significantly and independently related to UACR, BUN, DBP, and LDL-C (P<0.05). Besides, after adjustment for the confounders, the serum asprosin level was constantly and independently associated with the development of albuminuria in T2DM patients [OR (95% CI): 2.003 (1.37~2.928), P <0.001]. Conclusion Obviously, the serum asprosin level was independently correlated with UACR in T2DM patients, which implies circulating asprosin may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
Taxonomic revision of Russula subsection Amoeninae from South Korea

Abstract Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most Russula species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that Russula species from different continents are not conspecific. Therefore, the present study aims to: 1) define which species of Russula subsection Amoeninae occur on each continent using molecular phylogenetic analyses; 2) revise the taxonomy of Korean Amoeninae. The phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and multilocus sequences showed that subsection Amoeninae is monophyletic within subgenus Heterophyllidiae section Heterophyllae. A total of 21 Russula subsection Amoeninae species were confirmed from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and Central America, and species from different continents formed separate clades. Three species were recognized from South Korea and were clearly separated from the European and North American species. These species are R. bella, also reported from Japan, a new species described herein, Russula orientipurpurea, and a new species undescribed due to insufficient material.
Dispersão de sementes por Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) na restinga da Ilha de Guriri- ES

ix Introdução geral.1 2. O uso de frutos e sementes por Atta robusta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) na Restinga da Ilha de Guriri-ES. 8 3. Efeito do tamanho da carga sobre a distância de dispersão de sementes por Atta robusta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 28 4. Seed dispersal by Atta robusta Borgmeier (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): implications to germination, seed predation and seedling survival in the Restinga. 48 5. Conclusões gerais.72
Expression profiling on subclasses of primary parotid gland carcinomas

Introduction: The underlying molecular mechanisms of parotid gland carcinomas (PGC) are still unknown. Knowledge about the tumor-driving signaling pathways is necessary either for diagnostics or developing new therapeutic options in this heterogeneous and rare entity. Material and Methods: 94 matching RNA formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples from PGC and the corresponding non-tumor area, RNA quality and quantity were sufficient for gene expression profiling of 770 genes using the NanoString's nCounter technology. Oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes were examined in the three common PGC tumor entities: adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), adenocarcinoma NOS (AC-NOS), and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Results: Expression profiling and subsequent hierarchical cluster analysis clearly differentiated between non-tumor gland tissue samples and PGC. In addition expression pattern of all three entities differed. The extensive pathway analysis proved a prominent dysregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway in the three PGC entities. Moreover, transcript upstream analysis demonstrated a pronounced activation of the PI3K pathway in ACC and MEC. Discussion: Our findings revealed divergent molecular expression profiles in MEC, ACC and AC-NOS that are presently studied for their potential application in PGC diagnostics. Importantly, identification of Wnt and PI3K signaling in PGC revealed novel options of PGC therapy.
Optical constants of minerals and other materials from the millimeter to the ultraviolet

Abstract : Reflectance spectra of near normal incidence and/or transmittance spectra of 29 materials were acquired in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared spectra regions. Optical constants of the materials were determined primarily by use of Kramers-Kronig analysis of reflectance or extinction coefficient spectra. The materials were: Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Cesium iodide, Cesium bromide, Zinc sulfide, Zinc selenide, Barium fluoride, Zinc, Manganese, Molybdenum, Zirconium, Anhydrite, Dolomite, Montomorillonite, Kaolin, Illite, Composite of clays, Lanthanum hexaboride, Diesel soot, Polydimethylsiloxane, Dimethyl methylphosphonate, Diethyl sulfite, Diisopropyl methyl phosphonate, and Diethylphthalate.
Effect of Nutrient Sprays and Planting Depths on Growth and Bulb Production of Tulips

Studies were conducted to observe the effect of different frequencies of nutrient sprays in tulips at different planting depths under agro-ecological conditions of Kashmir Cheshmashahi Srinagar during 2016-17. Bulbs were planted at the depth of 10, 15 and 20cm and a water soluble fertilizer NPK (19-19-19) was sprayed with three frequencies 3, 5 and 7 sprays in two cultivars of tulip Apeldoom and Golden Oxford. The results reveal that minimum number of days for bulb sprouting was observed in the plants planted at a depth of 10cm irrespective of the variety. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index was found maximum in the plants treated with 7 nutrient sprays which was at par with plants sprayed with 5 nutrient sprays in both the tulip cultivars. There was no significant effect of planting depth on vegetative parameters except plant height which was observed maximum at shallow depth of 10cm. In case of floral parameters days taken to flower bud appearance, color break and flower opening were minimum in plants planted at a depth of 10cm with 3 nutrient sprays. However flower bud length, flower diameter, scape length, scape thickness and flower duration were maximum in the plants treated with 7 nutrient sprays Original Research Article Gani et al.; JEAI, 30(2): 1-8, 2019; Article no.JEAI. 46261 2 which were at par with the plants sprayed with 5 nutrient sprays and the effect of planting depth was found non-significant in these parameters. Similarly in the bulb parameters number of bulbs per plant, weight and size of main bulb was observed highest in plants planted at a depth of 20cm and sprayed with 7 nutrient sprays in both the tulip cultivars, however number and weight of bulblets per plant was found maximum in the plants planted at a depth of 10cm with 7 nutrient sprays and results were found at par with the plants treated with 5 nutrient sprays.