Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Awareness of Depression among Youth in Urban Area

Background: Depression among Youth is increasing at an alarming rate. Every section of society has its unique perceptions about Depression, particularly the youth. Depression is a disease that affect majority of public in the world wide as a survey 450 million people suffer from mental disorder out of that 121 million people suffer with depression in the world. Suicide is an important cause of premature death, is strongly associated with depression. Methods: An Exploratory, cross sectional survey study was conducted on 100 youths of 15 to 25 yrs. age group were included in the study using convenient sampling technique. The Depression Scale and Awareness knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results: In this study the majority 84 % of the youths are age group of 15-18 years, 50% youths are male and female, majority 74% of them completed primary education, majority 72% of youths are students & 19% youths are employed. The prevalence of depression was 19% among youth. The majority of the youth 73% were Average level of awareness regarding Depression. Conclusion: Depression among Youth is increasing at an alarming rate and there desperate need for prevention and awareness programme regarding depression to reduce the suicide by 2030.
Evidence for In-defect complexes in CdTe

CdTe monocrystals were diffused with 1019 cm-3 In atoms at 800 degrees C in Cd vapour. The local environment of 111Cd populated by the radioactive decay of the nuclide 111In has been monitored with the time-differential perturbed angular-correlation method. The application of this technique provides the first direct information on the involvement of In-defect species in the compensation behaviour of highly doped CdTe. After quenching to room temperature, besides a substitutional fraction, two In-correlated complexes are found that involve interstitial or antisite defects. The complexes are formed and dissociate reversibly at 600 K. After slow oven cooling following the In diffusion, a third fraction is observed that is associated with InCd precipitates.
Ultrasmall MgH2 Nanoparticles Embedded in an Ordered Microporous Carbon Exhibiting Rapid Hydrogen Sorption Kinetics

MgH2 nanoparticles with different average sizes have been prepared as ordered microporous carbon by tuning the Mg amount from 15 to 50 wt %. Ultrasmall particles with mean sizes of 1.3 and 3.0 nm have been obtained for 15 and 25 wt % Mg contents, respectively. The hydrogen desorption properties strongly depend on the nanoparticle size, as evidenced by different thermal analysis techniques. The onset temperature of hydrogen desorption for MgH2 nanoparticles below 3 nm occurs at a temperature about 245 K lower than for microcrystalline material. Two distinct hydrogen desorption peaks are noticed for nanoparticles with mean sizes of 1.3 and 3.0 nm, as confirmed by TDS and HP-DSC. 1H NMR investigations suggest the presence of two MgH2 populations with enhanced hydrogen mobility, as compared to the microcrystalline hydride. The short hydrogen diffusion path and the enhanced hydrogen mobility may explain the increased desorption kinetics of these ultrasmall nanoparticles.
The Use of Differing Verb Types in the Oral Narratives of School-Age Children

The Use of Differing Verb Types in the Oral Narratives of School-Age Children Allison Switzer, B.S. The aim of this project was to examine the use of action, metacognitive, and metalinguistic verbs in narratives relative to age-related growth for children with typical language and their peers with a language-based disorder. While limited information is known about the use of these differing verb types, there is evidence to show that metacognitive and metalinguistic verbs are less salient than action verbs, and therefore have a longer trajectory of acquisition. The oral narratives of 84 typically developing students were coded for occurrences of action verbs, metacognitive verbs, and metalinguistic verbs to obtain a total use as well as to examine the number of different verb types in each category used by the participants. In addition, the use of these verbs by 76 children with typical language were compared to those of 38 age-matched children with language impairment. The results indicated that an increase in age lead to a significant increase in the number of action, metacognitive, and metalinguistic verbs used. The findings also revealed that children with typical language used a wider variety of verbs in their narratives as compared to those with a language-based disorder.
The Relationship between Technology Use Factors based on the Developed Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology with Auditors' Ethical Behavior

This study aims to investigate the relationship between technology use factors based on the developed unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (DUTAUT) with auditors' ethical behavior. This research is applied and descriptive-correlational and its population include various auditors of Iran, 164 of whom are selected using simple random sampling. Structural equations and Smart PLS software analysis are also used to test the hypotheses. The findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between technology use factors based on DUTAUT, including motivational components, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, and social effects, and ethical behavior of auditors. Other findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between motivation (64%), effort expectancy (31%), and social effects (43%) with auditors' ethical behavior at the 95% confidence level. Given that the use of technology is expanding and is in line with current social needs and increases the level of ethical behavior in auditors, it is necessary to pay more attention to it in order to increase the ethical climate in this profession.
Strategic Experts and Improvising Regulators: Explaining the IASC's Rise to Global Influence, 1973–2001

This article traces the ascent of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) from an obscure group with little influence in the early 1970s to a pre-eminent position as global accounting standard-setter in 2001. I argue that the rise of the IASC can be explained by several factors, including the IASC's ability to build legitimacy through technical expertise, to embed itself in a network of international organizations, and to benefit from rivalries among developed and developing countries and among European and American regulators. But the most important reason for the IASC's success is that its core values aligned strongly with the interests of the most powerful regulator-the US Securities and Exchange Commission.
PROPERTIES OF ATOMS IN MOLECULES : ATOMIC POLARIZABILITIES

The theory of atoms in molecules is applied to the determination of the atomic and group contributions to the molecular polarizability in diatomic and polyatomic systems, covering a wide range of atomic interactions. The calculations are performed through the use of coupled‐perturbed Hartree–Fock theory. An applied field polarizes the atomic charge distributions and induces a transfer of charge between them. The resulting changes in the dipole moment per unit applied field determine the corresponding contributions to the polarizability. In general, the component of the polarizability along the internuclear axis in a linear molecule or in the direction of a chain of bonds in a nonlinear polyatomic molecule, exceeds the perpendicular component because of the transfer of electronic charge between the two ends of the molecule, between the methyl groups in ethane, and between the methylene groups in ethene, for example. Atoms shielded from an applied field, carbon in methane for example, polarize in a directio.
CHARACTERIZATIONS OF Trichoderma sp. AND ITS EFFECT ON Ralstonia solanacearum OF TOBACCO SEEDLINGS

This study aims to determine the molecular-based characteristics of Trichoderma sp. Tc-Jjr-02 and its effect as a biocontrol agent in protecting tobacco seedlings against bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum. The characterization of biocontrol agents was based on morphological and molecular data’s observation using microscope and the key of determination. The in vivo experiments was consist of five treatments: (1) inoculation of Trichoderma isolates at six hours before R. solanacearum inoculation, (2) inoculation of Trichoderma isolates at six hours after R. solanacearum inoculation (3) simultaneous inoculation of Trichoderma isolates and R. solanacearum, (4) inoculated only with R. solanacearum, and (5) without any inoculation. The experiment was repeated six times. Based on BLAST’s analysis, the Tc-Jjr-02 sequence is in accordance with T. asperellum with 100% Query Cover. Inoculation of T. asperellum Tc-Jjr-02 at six hours before and after and simultaneously with pathogens providing protection for young tobacco plants by slowing down the time for the onset of blight by 100–162%, reducing the symptom index by 56–63%, and increasing the dry weight of plant biomass by 39–53% compared to tobacco seeds which were only inoculated with R. solanacearum.
What is Islamophobia? Disentangling Citizens’ Feelings Toward Ethnicity, Religion and Religiosity Using a Survey Experiment

What citizens think about Muslim immigrants has important implications for some of the most pressing challenges facing Western democracies. To advance contemporary understanding of what ‘Islamophobia’ really is – for example, whether it is a dislike based on immigrants’ ethnic background, religious identity or specific religious behaviors – this study fielded a representative online survey experiment in the UK in summer 2015. The results suggest that Muslim immigrants are not per se viewed more negatively than Christian immigrants. Instead, the study finds evidence that citizens’ uneasiness with Muslim immigration is first and foremost the result of a rejection of fundamentalist forms of religiosity. This suggests that common explanations, which are based on simple dichotomies between liberal supporters and conservative critics of immigration, need to be re-evaluated. While the politically left and culturally liberal have more positive attitudes toward immigrants than right-leaning individuals and conservatives, they are also far more critical of religious groups. The study concludes that a large part of the current political controversy over Muslim immigration is related to this double opposition: it is less about immigrants versus natives or even Muslim versus Christians than about political liberalism versus religious fundamentalism.
Genotypic differences in grain yield, and nitrogen absorption and utilization in recombinant inbred lines of rice under hydroponic culture

Abstract To examine the possibility of breeding higher-yielding cultivars with a high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to provide simple criteria for the selection and breeding of high-yielding cultivars with a high NUE and useful information for the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling NUE, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of rice were subjected to hydroponic culture in 2000 and 2001. Grain yield and yield components, total nitrogen absorption (NTA), pre-heading and post-heading nitrogen absorption (pre-NA and post-NA, respectively), and nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield (NUEg) were analyzed. Transgressive segregations for grain yield and yield components, NTA and NUEg were observed. RILs with a high grain yield tended to show a larger number of panicles m−2 and of spikelets per panicle, and a higher filled grain percentage than RILs with a low grain yield. Increasing NTA and NUEg resulted in increases in the number of spikelets m−2 and grain yield, while increasing NTA resulted in a decrease in NUEg. The contribution ratio of the number of panicles m−2 to grain yield was higher than that of the other yield components in both 2000 (31.8%) and 2001 (32.2%). In both years, the relative contribution ratios of NUEg and NTA to grain yield were approximately 56% and 43%, respectively. At the same high-yielding level, there was a significant difference in the NTA and NUEg values. These results suggest the possibility of breeding high-yielding cultivars with higher NUEg.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTIOXIDANT STUDIES ON CLERODENDRUM INERME AND IDENTIFICATION OF URSOLIC ACID AS MARKER COMPOUND

Clerodendrum inerme (Linn.) Gaertn (Family – Verbenaceae; English – Garden quinine, Hindi – Langai, Malayalam – Nirnochi, Tamil - Chankankuppi) is commonly used in Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine. It is a common shrub found in the Western Ghats of India near the sea coast. In the present paper, a detailed pharmacognostic study on the leaf of Clerodendrum inerme based on its macroscopic, organoleptic and physico-chemical properties were carried out to lay down the pharmacopoeial standards. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic (HPTLC) and Thin Layer Chromatographic (TLC) profiles were taken. The limit tests for arsenic & heavy metals were carried out and were found to be within the permissible limit. A preliminary phytochemical study was carried out and the plant material was found to possess polyphenols like phenolic acids, flavonoids etc., triterpenoids, steroids and sugars. A phenolic acid was isolated as marker compound and identified as Ursolic acid. A preliminary study on the antioxidant activity of the alcohol extract and the isolated Ursolic acid was carried out by evaluating the free radical scavenging activity by the method of DPPH radical scavenging assay. The extract gave very good radical scavenging activity comparable with that of Butylated Hydroxy Toluene BHT which was used as the standard.
‘Citation Classic’

Techniques have been developed to produce microbial phytase for addition to diets for simple-stomached animals, with the aim to improve phosphorus availability from phytate-P in plant sources. The activityof the crude microbial phytase showed pH optima at pH 5-5 and 2·5. The enzyme was able to degradephytate in vitro in soya-bean meal, maize and a liquid compound feed for pigs. When microbial phytasewas added to low-P diets for broilers the availability of P increased to over 60 % and the amount of Pin the droppings decreased by 50%. The growth rate and feed conversion ratio on the low-P dietscontaining microbial phytase were comparable to or even better than those obtained on control diets.Addition of microbial phytase to diets for growing pigs increased the apparent absorbability of P by24%. The amount of P in the faeces was 35% lower.
The effects of deep-frying, refrigerated storage and reheating on the fat content, oxidation and fatty acid composition of the fish Rutilus frisii kutum.

Fatty acid distribution in the different parts of kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum and the effect of frying and refrigerated storage followed by reheating on lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition in different parts of body flesh were evaluated. Lipid content increased after frying and reheating. In general, saturated fatty acids were higher in anterior parts, while the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased from the anterior to the posterior parts. Frying decreased the contents of unsaturated fatty acids but increased the contents of saturated fatty acids. After refrigerated storage, followed by microwave reheating, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased, whereas the content of saturated fatty acids increased. The peroxide value increased after frying, compared with that of raw sample. However, the lower PV was obtained in fried-chilled-reheated samples. Frying increased the TBA values and reheating enhanced this increment. Therefore, the frying as well as the refrigerated storage and reheating had the impact on fatty acid composition as well as oxidative stability of kutum fillets.
Board Structure of Corporate Organizations and Earnings Management: Does Size and Independence of Corporate Boards Matter for Nigerian Firms?

The relationship subsisting between board structure of corporate organizations and earnings management has attracted several concerns particularly to regulatory agencies, management, accounting practitioners and researchers alike. Therefore, this study, examined the extent to which board independence and size influence the level of earnings management of publicly quoted Nigerian firms. For this purpose, the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the age of firms were introduced as mediating variables. Secondary data were however pooled from the financial statements of ninety-two (92) firms cutting across ten (10) industrial sectors from 2007–2018 (12 years). The regression analysis amidst other relevant statistical techniques was adopted to analyze the collated pooled data. Evidence from our result indicates that with the introduction of IFRS adoption and firm age as mediating variables, the F cal obtained was 1.72 (p-value = 0.1424), thus indicating that the size of boards and the presence of independent directors (board independence) in corporate boards could not significantly influence the level of earnings management in Nigerian firms. We therefore recommend that in order to regulate managements’ opportunistic behavior/earnings management, regulators and stakeholders who are charged with the task of performing oversight functions on the activities of management should lay more emphasis on ensuring that preparers of financial statements fully comply with the provisions of IFRS and other regulatory requirements for financial reporting.
FACTORS INFLUENCING WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN SECURITY ORGANS IN RWANDA: A CASE OF RWANDA DEFENCE FORCE IN MUSANZE DISTRICT

x CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1. Background to the Study . 1 1.2. Statement of the problem . 4 1.3. Research objectives . 6 1.3. 1. General objective. 6 1.3. 2. Specific objectives. 6 1.4. Research questions . 6 1.5. Scope of the study . 7 1.6. Significance of the research . 7 1.7. Structure of the study . 7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK. 8 2.0. Introduction . 8 2.1. Definition of variables . 8 2.2. Literature review . 9 2.2.1. Factors influencing women participation in the military . 9 2.2.2. Challenges facing women participation in the military . 11
Addressing Fragmentation and Inconsistency in International Environmental Law Analysis of the Role of Specialised or Treaty Judicial Bodies

This paper analyses the contribution of treaty or specialised judicial bodies to striking problems such as fragmentation and inconsistency within International Environmental Law (IEL) as they fill the gaps in IEL, taking advantage of the absence of an overarching International Environmental Court (IEC) and the indolence of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). It argues that by helping improve the ICJ, they will help resolve IEL's jurisprudential inconsistency and fragmentation. The paper therefore first explains the sense in which jurisprudential fragmentation and inconsistency underline IEL's compliance mechanisms, and shows the limits of the state-centripetal approach of the ICJ as a solution to such a problem. Finally, it proposes a state-centrifugal paradigm that stresses how international specialised judicial bodies may help strengthen the ICJ's fragmentation and inconsistency management functions. To propose this novel approach, this paper employs legal critical methods to expose current gaps in the state-centripetal approach.
Melatonin-Index as a biomarker for predicting the distribution of presymptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers

The pandemic dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2 led, on the one hand, to a worldwide effort to develop mechanistic-based therapeutics and vaccines, and on the other hand, the searching for determining the spreaders and the mechanisms of transmission. Melatonin, a multitask molecule, orchestrates defense responses by allowing the proper mounting, duration, and magnitude of innate immune responses. Melatonin is synthesized on demand by immunecompetent cells and constitutively by resident macrophages such as alveolar macrophages. Here we investigated whether the expression of genes relevant to virus invasion and infection varies according to a genic index (MEL-Index) that estimates the capacity of the lung to synthesize melatonin. A COVID-19-Signature composed of 455 genes of 288 human lungs (GTEX, UCSD) was correlated with MEL-Index by Pearson correlation test, gene-set enrichment analysis, and networking tool that integrates the connectivity between the most expressed genes, allowing us to compare the same set of genes under different states. The three independent procedures point to a negative relationship between MEL-Index and SARS-CoV2 infection. The entry in epithelial AT2 cells should be hampered by a positive correlation TMRPSS2 and a negative correlation with the coding gene for furin, suggesting dysfunctional processing in virus spike. Moreover, MEL-Index also negatively correlates with the genes that codify the proteins of multi-molecular receptor complex CD147, the gateway in macrophages, and other immune cells. In summary, the perspective that lung and respiratory tract melatonin could be a natural protective factor opens new epidemiological and pharmacological perspectives, as high MEL-Index scores could be predictive of asymptomatic carriers, and nasal administrated melatonin could prevent evolution of presymptomatic carriers.
Assessment of the Anti-apoptotic Effects of Peganum harmala Leaf Extract on Type 2 Diabetes in the Kidney of Male Wistar Rats

Background: Growing evidence has shown that the apoptosis of cells plays an important role in the advancement of the Diabetic nephropathy (DN). Objectives: This study attempted to discover the therapeutic potential of Peganum harmala leaf extract in the apoptosis of diabetic kidney disease. Methods: In the present experimental research, 32 male Wistar rats were studied, and diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg). The animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=8, in each group) as follows: control, diabetic, control+leaf extract, diabetic+leaf extract. For our purposes, the methanolic extract of P. harmala leaves (150 mg/kg) was given by gavage for 28 days. Flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were utilized to determine the percentages of apoptotic cells. Also, histological alterations and blood biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results: The P. harmala leaf extract has a high amount of flavonoids (25.84%), a lower percentage of alkaloids (0.14%), and some antioxidant properties. Serum urea (P<0.001) and apoptosis (P<0.05) significantly elevated in diabetic rats relative to the control ones. The mean of fasting blood creatinine, urea, and albumin level was not significantly changed in diabetic+leaf extract rats as compared to the diabetic ones. Histopathological results also displayed that diabetic complications in the kidney could not be improved following treatment by the leaf extract of P. harmala. In addition, the leaf extract could not significantly reduce the apoptosis and caspase-3 expression compared to diabetics in renal cells. Conclusion: Based on our findings, the leaf extract of P. harmala is unable to inhibit apoptosis in the diabetic kidney model.