Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The adaptivity refines approximate solutions of ill-posed problems due to the relaxation property

Adaptive Finite Element Method (adaptivity) is known to be an effective numerical tool for some ill-posed problems. The key advantage of the adaptivity is the image improvement with local mesh refinements. A rigorous proof of this property is the central part of this paper. In terms of Coefficient Inverse Problems with single measurement data, the authors consider the adaptivity as the second stage of a two-stage numerical procedure. The first stage delivers a good approximation of the exact coefficient without an advanced knowledge of a small neighborhood of that coefficient. This is a necessary element for the adaptivity to start iterations from. Numerical results for the two-stage procedure are presented for both computationally simulated and experimental data.
Physical Activity and Bone Density in Women

A mathematical model of bone density regulation as a function of the daily tissue "effective" stress has been derived. Using the model, the influence of daily activity in the form of a daily loading history has been related to bone density of the calcaneus. The theory incorporates a stress exponent m to account for differences in the importance of magnitude and number of load cycles experienced during daily activity. We have derived a parameter from the model, the "Bone Density Index" (BDI). We have developed a method of collecting daily habitual loading histories using an insole force sensor interfaced to a portable digital data logger carried in a fanny pack. Our goal for this study was to determine a stress exponent, m, relating GRFz history to Calcaneal Bone Mineral Density (CBMD).
Bluntness and incidence effects in hypersonic flows with large separated regions

Abstract This paper describes a numerical investigation on the effects of small to large bluntness as well as the angle of incidence on the leading-edge separation in a laminar hypersonic flow. The results show that both bluntness and incidence strongly influence separation characteristics. A combined bluntness and incidence parameter is proposed and applied to plateau pressures in the separated region and is shown to demarcate effects of small and large bluntness at different angles of incidence. The investigation also showed profound changes in the internal structure of the separation bubble with changes in incidence and bluntness. The significance of the relationship between the two shear stress minima and the separation length is highlighted.
A Psychometric report on Yost's Attitudes toward Sadomasochism Scale

We collected data from three samples of participants who completed Yost's (2010) Attitudes about Sadomasochism Scale (ASMS) along with a number of other related measures with the goal of providing independent validation of the ASMS. Using a small, university sample and two larger internet samples, we provided concurrent validity by presenting moderate-to-strong correlations of the ASMS with a BDSM semantic differential attitude scale, interest in sadomasochism items, and self-assessed sadomasochism knowledge. Further, the ASMS correlated well with measures of erotophobia--erotophilia (i.e., personal comfort with sexuality). There were differences on the ASMS and its subscales based on participant sexual orientation, with sexual minorities demonstrating more favorable scores on the ASMS compared to heterosexuals. Also, those who self-reported that they were more religious were less favorable on the ASMS. There were no differences on the ASMS as a function of gender (men versus women), age cohort, regional location in the US, or environmental residence (rural, suburban, or urban). A confirmatory factor analysis supported Yost's original factor structure although deletion of a two-item subscale was recommended. In general, attitudes toward sadomaschism were slightly favorable for the entire sample. We concluded that the ASMS is a valid and reliable measure for the assessment of attitudes toward sadomasochism and recommend its use in future investigations.
A PilZ domain protein FlgZ mediates c-di-GMP-dependent 1 swarming motility control in Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2

25 The second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is an important regulator of motility in 26 many bacterial species. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa , elevated levels of c-di-GMP promote 27 biofilm formation and repress flagellum-driven swarming motility. The rotation of P. 28 aeruginosa ’s polar flagellum is controlled by two distinct stator complexes: MotAB, which 29 cannot support swarming motility, and MotCD, which promotes swarming motility. Here we 30 show that when c-di-GMP levels are elevated, swarming motility is repressed by the PilZ 31 domain-containing protein FlgZ and by Pel polysaccharide production. We demonstrate that 32 FlgZ interacts specifically with the motility-promoting stator protein MotC in a c-di-GMP- 33 dependent manner, and that a functional GFP-FlgZ fusion protein shows significantly reduced 34 polar localization in a strain lacking the MotCD stator. Our results establish FlgZ as a c-di-GMP 35 receptor affecting swarming motility by P. aeruginosa and support a model wherein c-di-GMP- 36 bound FlgZ impedes motility via its interaction with the MotCD stator. our understanding of surface-associated behaviors, a key prerequisite to identifying ways to the formation of biofilm to c- 91 di-GMP-mediated swarming repression. We provide evidence that FlgZ interacts directly with 92 stator protein MotC, but does not interact with MotA. The function of FlgZ in swarming and its ability to interact with MotC both depend on c-di-GMP binding. we show that the localization of a GFP-FlgZ fusion to the pole of the cell is increased at high c- di-GMP levels and depends on the presence of MotCD. Thus, we suggest that FlgZ functions to repress swarming motility in response to c-di-GMP by specifically targeting the function of MotCD, the swarming-promoting stator set, by preventing the engagement of MotCD with the binds c-di-GMP. We show that mutants with an amino acid substitution in the conserved c-di-GMP binding motif of FlgZ behave like a
Availability, Yield and Utilization Practices of Livestock Feed Resources in Gilgel Gibe Catchments of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

: The study was conducted in three selected districts of Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia with the aim of assessing livestock feed resources utilization systems in order to identifying the major constraints and opportunities of livestock production in relation to feed. The study districts were selected based on their livestock production potential and accessibility. Accordingly 122, 188 and 104 households (HHs) from Kersa, Omo Nada and Tiro Afeta districts, respectively were participated in the study. The respondents HHs were purposively selected depending on their livestock keeping experience and having a single species of livestock. The study revealed that crop residue, stubble grazing and natural pasture in a decreasing order were the main feed resources; however, they varied with seasons (P<0.05). Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae were the major fodder plant families. The main crop residues were teff straw, maize and sorghum stovers (P<0.05). The Mean annual total utilizable feed supply per HH was 4.53 tDM of which, 4.01 tDM (about 88.5%) was derived from cropping system which comprised of 3.04 tDM utilizable crop-residues and 0.97 tDM stubble grazing. Total utilizable DM production from cropping system per household was significantly varied (P<0.05) between the study districts. The annual maintenance DM requirement per HH for TLU was estimated to be 11.44 tDM. Hence, the existing feed supply can satisfy only 39.59% of the annual maintenance DM requirement of livestock units per HH (P<0.05), pointing to the need to discern adaptation of livestock to feed insufficiency athwart the year. The feed supply can no longer support the existing livestock in the study districts unless possible intervention is made by decision making bodies and channeled to the farming community through extension workers.
Okul Öncesi Eğitim Materyallerinde Geometrik Şekillerin Sunuluşuna ilişkin içerik Analizi

Teaching geometric shapes is one of the basic topics of teaching mathematics in early childhood education Recently studies on preschoolers’ recognition of geometric shapes have suggested that in order for children to learn geometric shapes correctly besides typical samples samples in different aspect ratio skewness and orientation should be presented to children This study was planned to investigate whether the educational materials magazines books CDs for teaching basic mathematics skills and geometric shapes to 3 6 year old children were appropriate for the basis of teaching geometry In this study the researchers examined 93 magazines 50 books and 10 CDs which were published by different publisher to assist teaching basic mathematics skills and geometric shapes to preschoolers As a result of this study it was found that while mostly typical samples of geometric shapes were presented in those magazines books and CDs to teach geometrical shapes there were only few samples in different aspect ratio skewness orientation and size Moreover mostly typical samples of geometric shapes found in those magazines books and CDs were used for teaching basic mathematic skills e g ordering sorting comparing Key Words: Preschool Education Teaching Geometric Shapes Material Analysis
CMAR_A_280780 12269..12276

1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China; 2The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women & Children’s Central Hospital, Sichuan, 610091, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 400021, People’s Republic of China Purpose: To determine whether systemic lymphadenectomy exerts a similar effect on the survival of patients with either type I or type II endometrial cancer (EC). Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, 682 eligible patients diagnosed with EC were typed according to the pathological reports. The thoroughness of lymphadenectomy was evaluated by the lymph node number of which the cut-off value was determined by the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden index. The impact of thoroughness on the survival of both types was analyzed, respectively, by Kaplan Meier (K-M) method and further evaluated in subgroups with and without lymphatic metastasis. Independent prognostic factors of survival were selected by proportional hazard regression (Cox) model. Results: The cut-off level of lymph node number was 20. The differential impact of the lymph node number removed on survival was noted when patients with different types were analyzed separately. Among type II EC, those with >20 lymph nodes removed presented better overall survival (OS) than those with ≤20 (p=0.002). The number of lymph nodes removed >20 was proved as an independent factor for improved OS in type II EC (HR=0.329,95% CI: 0.123– 0.881, p=0.0027). In the subgroup of type II with >20 lymph nodes resected, similar 5-year OS rates were observed in those with or without identified positive node (90.9% vs 92.9%, p=0.965). Type I EC seemed unbeneficial from such a procedure. Conclusion: Systemic lymphadenectomy could enhance the OS of type II EC other than type I.
Differential Transformation of C3H1OT1/2 Cells by v-mos: Sequential Expression of Transformation Parameters

Extremely small quantities of the product of the transforming gene v-mos of Moloney murine sarcoma virus are able to efficiently transform cells. Recent data indicate the existence of a threshold level for v-mos transformation of NIH3T3 cells. Using mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat sequences or hybrid promoters consisting of mouse mammary tumor virus and Moloney murine sarcoma virus long terminal repeat elements to express v-mos in C3HlOTl/2 cells, we established cell lines representing different stages of morphological transformation in vitro. The threshold level for v-mos transformation was considerably lower than that for NIH3T3 cells, because no treatment with dexamethasone or primary selection other than transformation was necessary during standard transfection procedures. Using the cell lines mentioned we established an association of the level of v-mos expression with the transformation parameters examined, but not with p53 levels. Furthermore, the characterization of the different promoters showed (i) that the distal binding site confers hormone responsiveness to Moloney murine sarcoma virus promoter elements and (ii) that artifactual transcription initiation sites can be detected in mouse mammary tumor virus-Moloney murine sarcoma virus hybrid promoters which are, however, not regulated by the hormone.
Why Do They Fall? The Impact of Insomnia on Gait of Older Adults: A Case–Control Study

Study Objectives: To compare gait and cognitive performance conducted separately as a single- (ST) and simultaneously as a dual-task (DT), ie, when a cognitive task was added, among community-dwelling older adults with and without insomnia. Methods: Participants included: 39 (28 females) community-dwelling older adults with insomnia, 34 (21 females) controls without insomnia. Subject groups were matched for age, gender, and education. Sleep quality was evaluated based on two-week actigraphy. Gait speed and cognition were assessed as ST and DT performance. DT costs (DTCs) were calculated for both tasks. Outcomes were compared via independent samples t -tests or Mann–Whitney U -tests. Results: Older adults with insomnia demonstrated significantly slower gait speed during ST (1 ± 0.29 vs 1.27 ± 0.17 m/s, p <0.001) and DT (0.77 ± 0.26 vs 1.14 ± 0.20 m/s, p <0.001) and fewer correct responses in the cognitive task during ST (21 ± 7 vs 27 ± 11, p =0.009) and DT (19 ± 7 vs 23 ± 9, p =0.015) compared to control group. DTC for the gait task was higher among older adults with insomnia (18.32%, IQR: 9.48–30.93 vs 7.81% IQR: 4.43–14.82, p<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in DTC for the cognitive task (14.71%, IQR: −0.89–38.84 vs 15%, IQR: −0.89–38.84%, p=0.599). Conclusion: Older adults with insomnia have lower gait speed and poorer cognitive performance during ST and DT and an inefficient pattern of task prioritization during walking, compared to counterparts without insomnia. These findings may explain the higher risk of falls among older adults with insomnia. Geriatric professionals should be aware of potential interrelationships between sleep and gait.
From the Waveguided Gravity to the Periodic Waveguided Multiverse as United Solution of Dark Energy & Dark Matter & Susy Mysteries

The quasi-classical concept of Periodic Waveguided Multiverse (PWM) is proposed. This periodic 4D-hyperstructure has substantial theoretical and observational-cosmological confirmations because it unites and refines the basic physical laws (SRG (b) predicts direct-atypical DMA (2) the SR & QM & Newtonian-like, periodic matter/antimatter antigravity; (3) the CPTPWM symmetry between particles/antiparticles, with the gravity “charge” symmetry (4) the modified Equivalence Principle EPPWM; (5) singularity-less Diracian-like fermions/antifermions and GR-like black/white holes free of singularity; (6) opens physical possibility of the nongravitating – chargeless, very robust scalar (Cooper-like) composites - electron-positron-cells, hidden in their globally coherent superfluid vacuum condensate at low T – as Diracian-like, equilibrium superfluid sea/anti-sea. Common electron/positron pairs arise as elementary defects – Diracian holes/antiholes in this vacuum, disclosing the composite-SUSY nature and explaining why cosmological constant is zero; (7) the global C3-dynamical pseudo-Euclidean 4D-spacetime concept by Minkowski is rethought and reformulated on the 3D-waveguided, 4D-Euclidean physical basis, where global linear intervals (→→→→→C3tMink.) → (↗↘↗↘↗↘↗↘↗↘C4tPWM) -waveguided-polygonal intervals - C4t-parameterizations of the polygonal rest mass particle dynamics, disclosing the waveguided/wave-optical (Huygens-Fermat’s) sense of the mechanical Lagrangian and Hamilton's principle of the least action.
Asymmetry of automatic change detection as shown by brain electric activity: An additional feature is identified faster than missing features

In two experiments, we demonstrated that an asymmetric effect of brain electric activity that is elicited by non-attended visual stimuli is similar to responses observed in the performance of visual search tasks. The automatic detection of violated sequential regularities was investigated by measuring the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) component of event-related brain potentials (ERPs). In Experiment 1 within a sequence of stimulus displays with O characters, infrequently presented Q characters elicited earlier vMMN compared with infrequent O characters within a sequence of Q characters. In Experiment 2 similar asymmetric results emerged if only 16 per cent of the characters were different within an infrequent display. In both experiments, these stimuli were irrelevant; during the stimulus sequences, participants performed a demanding video game. We suggest that the underlying match/mismatch and decision processes are similar in the vMMN and in the attention-related visual search paradigms, at least in the case of stimuli in the present experiments.
A feasibility of ultrasonographic assessment for femoral trochlear depth and articular cartilage thickness in canine cadavers

Trochleoplasty or trochlear groove deepening is one of surgical correction techniques for patellar luxation (PL) that caused cartilage alterations of the distal femur and this technique may not be always necessary. To evaluate trochlear groove for PL correction preoperative planning, several diagnostic image techniques have been applied. In this study, ultrasonography (USG) was introduced in the trochlear evaluation as pre-operative planning because it’s user-friendly and radiationless. USG imaging of 22 distal femurs from small breed of canine cadavers were evaluated for trochlear groove depth (TGD) and trochlear cartilage thicknesses (CT) at medial condyle (MCCT), femoral groove (FGCT) and lateral condyle (LCCT), and compared to those of other distal femoral evaluations such as conventional radiography and/or anatomical appearance observed through stereomicroscope (STR). The results showed that TGD on radiograph was significantly deeper than those on USG and STR (P = 0.0099 for USG and P = 0.0021 for STR) but TGD on USG and STR was not significant difference (P > 0.9999). MCCT, FGCT and LCCT were evaluated and compared only between USG and STR and the results showed that only FGCT between techniques were not significant difference (P = 0.0646). At the condyles, MCCT and LCCT on USG were significantly thicker than those on STR (P = 0.006 for MCCT and P = 0.0004 for LCCT). In conclusion, USG was a reliable technique for TGD and FGCT evaluations. However, to evaluate the MCCT and LCCT by USG, CT may be slightly exaggerating. This diagnostic imaging technique could be applied in clinical practice and further evaluations of bone appearance between the normal and PL dogs should be done
Defensive Analysis: Soundness in Extreme Conditions

Virtually no realistic whole-program static analysis is sound, i.e., guaranteed to over-approximate all program behaviors. The main cause of such unsoundness is “opaque code” features such as reﬂection, dynamic loading, and native calls. We present a defensive may-point-to analysis approach, which offers soundness in the presence of opaque code. Our analysis assumes (unless informed otherwise) that native code or reﬂection can have arbitrary effects, and arbitrary new code can be loaded. The analysis represents points-to information only when it knows it to be a safe over-approximation of dynamic behavior. This allows us to perform a highly precise points-to analysis (such as a 5-call-site-sensitive, ﬂow-sensitive analysis) efﬁciently. We show that sound handling of opaque code cannot be an incremental addition: the analysis logic for other language features changes radically when opaque code needs to be handled soundly. Despite its conservative nature, our analysis yields sound, actionable results for a large subset of the program code, achieving (under worst-case assumptions) 34-74% of the program coverage of an unsound state-of-the-art analysis for real-world programs.
The search for person-related information in general practice: a qualitative study

Background. General practice is person-focused. Contextual information influences the clinical decision-making process in primary care. Currently, person-related information (PeRI) is neither recorded in a systematic way nor coded in the electronic medical record (EMR), and therefore not usable for scientific use. Aim. classes process Methods. GPs, from nine countries worldwide, were asked to write down narrative case histories where personal factors played a role in decision-making. In an inductive process, the case histories were consecutively coded according to classes of PeRI. The classes found were deductively applied to the following cases and refined, until saturation was reached. Then, the classes were grouped into code-families and further clustered into domains. Results. The inductive analysis of 32 case histories resulted in 33 defined PeRI codes, classifying all personal-related information in the cases. The 33 codes were grouped in the following seven mutually exclusive code-families: ‘aspects between patient and formal care provider’, ‘social environment and family’, ‘functioning/behaviour’, ‘life history/non-medical experiences’, ‘personal medical information’, ‘socio-demographics’ and ‘work-/employment-related information’. The code-families were clustered into four domains: ‘social environment and extended family’, ‘medicine’, ‘individual’ and ‘work and employment’. Conclusion. As PeRI is used in the process of decision-making, it should be part of the EMR. The PeRI classes we identified might form the basis of a new contextual classification mainly for research purposes. This might help to create evidence of the person-centredness of general practice.
ROLE OF PROLACTIN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN GRAND MAL EPILEPTIC AND PSEUDO-SEIZURES PATIENTS

: Epilepsy is a condition of the brain characterized by abnormal, recurrent and excessive discharge from living neurons of brain. It comes in attacks or fits which lasts for a few seconds to a few minutes. It is important to distinguish generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) from either psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). This study is designed to determine the level of prolactin hormone in females suffering from Grand Mal epilepsy and Pseudo seizures. Methodology: After getting approval from Ethical Review Board, this cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care medical teaching hospital over a period of 2 years. A total of Ninety (90) female subjects were enrolled in this study and they were divided in three groups equally. : Group-1(n=30) included patients with known cases of grand mal seizures as well as recently diagnosed cases of GTCS. Group-2 (n=30) : Patients with previous history of pseudo seizures. Group-3 (n=30): Control group, healthy females of comparable age. Quantitative data was presented as Mean ± SD and ANOVA was used to compare the results of the different groups. Statistical significance was set at p- value ≤ 0.001. Results: The results showed significant difference of serum prolactin levels among three groups (p value 0.0001). Serum prolactin level was higher in epileptic group as compared to pseudo-seizures and control group (p  0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that serum prolactin may be used as a sensitive biochemical marker in the diagnosis of grand mal seizures in females and is also helpful in differentiating it from pseudo-seizures