Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric ozone over the tropical Atlantic: A satellite perspective

[1] We use satellite sensor measurements to obtain a broad picture of the processes affecting tropical tropospheric O3 production over Africa and the Atlantic in the early part of the year. Terra/MOPITT CO retrievals correlate well with biomass burning fire counts observed by the TRMM/VIRS instrument in Northern Hemisphere savanna regions and allow investigation of the subsequent convection of the biomass burning plume at the intertropical convergence zone and interhemispheric transport. Measurements of NO2 from the ERS-2/GOME instrument enable identification of two important tropical sources of this O3 precursor, biomass burning and lightning. Good correlation is seen between NO2 retrievals and TRMM/LIS lightning flash observations in southern African regions free of biomass burning, thus indicating a probable lightning source of NOx. The combination of MOPITT CO, GOME NO2, and TRMM fire and lightning flash counts provides a powerful tool for investigating the tropospheric production of O3 precursors. These data are used in conjunction with the MOZART-2 chemical transport model to investigate the early year tropical Atlantic tropospheric O3 distribution using January 2001 as a case study. Inconsistencies between the various tropical tropospheric O3 column products obtained from EP/TOMS data, and between these products, in situ measurements, and modeling, have led to questions about how the Northern Hemisphere biomass burning is connected to the TOMS derived O3 maximum in the tropical southern Atlantic. We show that the early year tropical O3 distribution is actually characterized by two maxima. The first arises due to biomass burning emissions, is located near the Northern Hemisphere fires, and is most evident in the lower troposphere. The second is located in the southern tropical Atlantic midtroposphere, and results from NOx produced by lightning over southern Africa and South America.
Particulate and dissolved spectral absorption on the continental shelf of the southeastern United States

Visible absorption spectra of particulate and dissolved materials were characterized on the continental shelf off the southeastern United States (the South Atlantic Bight), emphasizing cross-shelf and seasonal variability. A coastal front separates turbid coastal waters from clearer midshelf waters. Spatial and seasonal patterns were evident in absorption coefficients for phytoplankton, detritus, and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM); spectral shape parameters for CDOM and detritus; and phytoplankton chlorophyll-specific absorption. The magnitude of CDOM absorption reflected seasonal differences in freshwater discharge and the salinity of the midshelf waters. In the spring of 1993 (high discharge), CDOM absorption at 443 nm was >10 times that of total particulate absorption between 12 and 50 km offshore (0.28–0.69 m−1 versus 0.027–0.062 m−1) and up to 10 times the CDOM absorption measured in the previous summer (low discharge). Phytoplankton chlorophyll-specific absorption in the blue increased with distance from shore (from <0.03 m2 mg−1 in inner shelf waters to ∼0.1 m2 mg−1 at the most seaward stations in summer) and, for similar chlorophyll concentrations, was higher in summer than in the winter-spring. These spatial and seasonal patterns in phytoplankton chlorophyll-specific absorption can be attributed to a shift in phytoplankton species composition (from predominantly diatoms inshore to a cyanobacteria-dominated assemblage midshelf in summer), pigment packaging, and higher carotenoid:chlorophyll with distance from shore.
Education in Shaping a Disciplined and Noble Generation: A Study of Children Aged 4-6 Years at RA Perwanida Brawijaya

This study aims to uncover the implementation of character education for children aged 4-6 years at RA Perwanida Brawijaya, Pamekasan. The method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive data collection, using the principal and teachers of RA Perwanida Brawijaya as primary data sources and literature from books and the internet as secondary data. The research findings indicate that character education at RA Perwanida Brawijaya, Pamekasan, is implemented through routine activities, incidental activities, and the "Blessed Friday Charity" program that assists in the development of empathy, care for others, and understanding the significance of giving in Islam. The limitations of this study lie in implementing character education at RA Perwanida Brawijaya, Pamekasan. The execution of character education can help children face life's challenges and enhance their future quality of life by forming positive attitudes. This character education implementation through routine activities, incidental activities, and school programs allows children to develop good character traits consistent with the values and beliefs instilled in the educational process, becoming an integral part of their personality
A vertically integrated model with vertical dynamics for CO2 storage

Conventional vertically integrated models for CO2 storage usually adopt a vertical equilibrium (VE) assumption, which states that due to strong buoyancy, CO2 and brine segregate quickly, so that the fluids can be assumed to have essentially hydrostatic pressure distributions in the vertical direction. However, the VE assumption is inappropriate when the time scale of fluid segregation is not small relative to the simulation time. By casting the vertically integrated equations into a multiscale framework, a new vertically integrated model can be developed that relaxes the VE assumption, thereby allowing vertical dynamics to be modeled explicitly. The model maintains much of the computational efficiency of vertical integration while allowing a much wider range of problems to be modeled. Numerical tests of the new model, using injection scenarios with typical parameter sets, show excellent behavior of the new approach for homogeneous geologic formations.
Regional oxygen isotope zonation at Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia; large-scale fluid flow and implications for Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization

Metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks at Broken Hill, Australia, show regional-scale lowering of delta 18 O values from as high as 16 per mil in Paragon Group metasedimentary rocks to values as low as 7 per mil within a few hundreds of meters of Pb-Zn-Ag orebodies. Such large-scale oxygen isotope resetting cannot be achieved by closed-system processes (such as partial melting or devolatization), implying that the rocks were affected by fluid flow. The preservation of peak metamorphic 18 O fractionations between coexisting minerals, and a lack of correlation between delta 18 O values and the intensity of retrogression, suggests that oxygen isotope resetting occurred at, or prior to, the peak of regional metamorphism. Fluid flow during the peak of regional metamorphism is unlikely due to widespread fluid-absent partial melting and internal buffering of volatile activities at that time. Thus, fluid flow most probably predated regional metamorphism. The association of rocks with low delta 18 O values with the Pb-Zn-Ag orebodies suggests a link with mineralization. The delta 18 O values of rocks adjacent to the orebodies are similar to those recorded in volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits where convective circulation of ocean water has occurred. Base metal mineralization at Broken Hill may have occurred at hydrothermal vents at, or close to, the sea floor producing localized low delta 18 O values with later kilometer-scale fluid circulation, possibly driven by the same or related intrusions, causing regional resetting of oxygen isotopes. However, mineralization in skarn systems associated with pre-regional metamorphic granites is also a plausible model that could explain the regional delta 18 O trends and much of the other geochemical data. Alternatively, the large-scale resetting of oxygen isotopes may be unrelated to mineralization. While the stable isotope data may not unambiguously constrain the origin of the base metal orebody, they indicate that mineralization most probably occurred prior to regional metamorphism.
TOP CITED PAPERS IN INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS: 6a. QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA LIVING IN RESIDENTIAL AND NURSING HOME CARE: THE IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE ON ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING, BEHAVIORAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS, LANGUAGE SKILLS, AND PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS

Date deposited: 12th August 2010 Version of file: Published Peer Review Status: Peer reviewed Citation for published item: Ballard C, Margallo-Lana M, O'Brien JT, James I, Howard R, Fossey J. Top cited paers in International Psychogeriatrics 6a: Quality of Life for People with Dementia Living in Residential and Nursing Home Care: the Impact of Performance on Acitivities of Daily Living, Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms, Language Skills and Psychotropic Drugs. International Psychogeriatrics 2009. :Cambridge University Press,21 6 1026-1030.
COMPARISON of ANALYTICAL and FINITE ELEMENT SOLUTIONS of LOW VELOCITY IMPACT PROBLEM for SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

The aim of this study is to compare the results obtained from analytical and finite element solutions of low velocity transverse impact problem of a sphere onto simply supported beam. Twelve models with various mass ratios were created by keeping the beam dimensions constant and changing the sphere radius. The effect of the element size in the finite element solution was analyzed with five separate meshes whose element size gradually decreases at the impact point. In the solutions, the deflections of the beam and the displacement of the sphere at the impact point were taken into account. To check the validity of the model, a comparison with an experimental study in the literature was also made. Comparisons show that the deflections obtained from the analytical solution are compatible with the finite element solution within the period of repetitive or continuous contact between the sphere and beam. Particularly, as the mass ratio defined for beam and sphere gets smaller, maximum deflection values obtained from analytical and finite elements become closer. For the cases including sub-impact, after the sphere leaves the beam there exist differences in the results mainly because of the sub-impacts.
Genetic determinants of human phenotypes

Background Combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) cannot eradicate HIV-1 from the body due to the establishment of persisting viral reservoirs which are not a ﬀ ected by therapy and reinitiate new rounds of HIV-1 replication after treatment interruption. These HIV-1 reservoirs mainly comprise long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells and are established early after infection. There is a high variation in the size of these viral reservoirs among virally suppressed individuals. Identiﬁcation of host factors that contribute to or can explain this observed variation could open avenues for new HIV-1 treatment strategies. Methods In this study, we conducted a genome-wide quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to probe functionally relevant genetic variants linked to levels of cell-associated (CA) HIV-1 DNA, CA HIV-1 RNA, and RNA:DNA ratio in CD4+ T cells isolated from blood from a cohort of 207 (Caucasian) people living with HIV-1 (PLHIV) on long-term suppressive antiretroviral treatment (median = 6.6 years). CA HIV-1 DNA and CA HIV-1 RNA levels were measured with corresponding droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays, and genotype information of 522,455 single-nucleotide variants was retrieved via the Inﬁnium Global Screening array platform. Results The analysis resulted in one signiﬁcant association with CA HIV-1 DNA (rs2613996, P < 5 × 10 − 8 ) and two suggestive associations with RNA:DNA ratio (rs7113204 and rs7817589, P < 5 × 10 − 7 ). Then, we prioritized PTDSS2 , IRF7 , RNH1 , and DEAF1 as potential HIV-1 reservoir modiﬁers and validated that higher expressions of IRF7 and RNH1 were accompanied by rs7113204-G. Moreover, RNA:DNA ratio, indicating relative HIV-1 transcription activity, was lower in PLHIV carrying this variant. Conclusions The presented data suggests that the amount of CA HIV-1 DNA and RNA:DNA ratio can be inﬂuenced through PTDSS2 , RNH1 , and IRF7 that were anchored by our genome-wide association analysis
The effects of electronic head-mounted displays in vision rehabilitation for patients with tunnel vision

Purpose: To investigate the effect of a new head-mounted electronic visual aid-Acesight on improving visual function and daily activities in patients with tunnel vision. Methods: 57 patients with tunnel vision participated in this study. The visual �eld (VF), visual acuity (VA), search ability, time of �nding people from the side (TFPS), walking ability and the subjective feelings of patients with and without Acesight were measured. Results: 15 (36%) patients thought Acesight was “helpful,” 16 (28%) thought it was “a little help,” and 26 (46%) believed that it was “not helpful. ” The proportion of people aged < 60 years found Acesight helpful was higher. When wearing Acesight, the average horizontal VF diameter (°) (35.54[8.72]) and vertical VF diameter (°) (26.63[5.38]) were larger than those without visual aids (20.61[9.22], 18.19[6.67]) (P all < 0.001). The average TFPS before and while wearing the Acesight was 1.77s(0.32) and 1.19s(0.29), respectively (t = 14.28, P < 0.001). The average search times, number of collisions, walking speeds when wearing the Acesight were not statistically different from those without visual aids (P all > 0.05). Conclusion: More than half of patients with tunnel vision found the Acesight helpful, and a higher proportion of those aged < 60 years old found it helpful. Acesight can expand the horizontal and vertical VF of patients with tunnel vision and can enable patients to detect objects coming from the side earlier.
Genotype and dose-frequency determine acute and chronic effects of oxytocin on amygdala fear responses in humans: therapeutic implications

Background: There is considerable interest in therapeutic application of intranasal oxytocin in psychiatric disorders, but while clinical trials typically use daily dosing protocols it has not been established whether this is optimal or if there are moderating influences of oxytocin receptor genotype. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled pre-registered trial on 138 adult male subjects we investigated effects of single and repeated (24IU daily versus alternate days for 5 days) doses of oxytocin on two neural biomarkers (attenuated amygdala fear reactivity and increased intrinsic amygdala-prefrontal functional connectivity) and modulating effects of oxytocin receptor polymorphisms rs53576 and rs2254298 strongly associated with autism. Results: Findings confirmed that after a single dose, amygdala responses to fear faces were reduced and its resting state connectivity with medial frontal cortex increased. Suppression of amygdala responses to fear faces was restricted to AA homozygotes of rs53576 and A+ carriers of rs2254298, whereas resting state effects were not genotype-dependent. Importantly, amygdala responses to fear faces were absent after daily oxytocin treatment but maintained after treatment every other day with infrequent dosing additionally resulting in reduced behavioral ratings of emotional arousal and intensity after 5 days. In contrast, oxytocin effects on intrinsic amygdala-prefrontal coupling were similar following daily or infrequent dose protocols after 5 days. Conclusions: Overall, results suggest that infrequent rather than daily doses of oxytocin may be more effective therapeutically and that its actions in reducing amygdala responses to fear are strongly genotype-dependent. The study was pre-registered at Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03610919).
The Effect of Dry Period Length on Average Milk Yield in Early Lactation Period in Anatolian Buffaloes

This study aimed to investigate the effect of short and long dry period on milk yield in next early lactation period in Anatolian buffalo. The buffaloes (n=64) were assigned to three groups as a short dry period (Group SD; n=17; ≤6 weeks), a normal dry period (Group N D; n=20; 8-10 weeks) and a long dr y period (Group LD; n=27; ≥12 weeks). Early lactation milk yields and lactation numbers of all groups were compared statistically. It was observed that there was no difference between SD, ND and LD groups in terms of lactation numbers (p >0.05). The milk yield in the early lactation was lower in the SD group compared to the other groups (p <0.05). There was no difference in milk yield in the early lactation period of the ND and LD groups (p >0.05). However, it was found that the milk yields of the ND and LD groups were similar in the early lactation period. In conclusion, short dry period had a negative effect on milk yield in early lactation period in Anatolian buffaloes. On the other hand, animals with normal and long dry periods had a similar milk yield. However, we think that milk yield should be followed throughout all lactation period for a more precise result.
Spreading structure of the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus

Orientations of dikes within the sheeted dike complex of the Troodos ophiolite reveal primary spreading structure produced at a complex ridge/transform intersection. Three structural grabens are defined by listric and planar normal faults and rotated dikes that dip symmetrically toward graben axes. Faults flatten at depth into a detachment within the upper parts of the plutonic complex. Large exhalative massive sulfide deposits occur within the pillow sections of two of the grabens and appear to be associated with underlying altered and mineralized normal fault zones that channeled hydrothermal fluids. We suggest that the grabens are fossil axial valleys produced by successive eastward jumps of an approximately north-trending (present coordinates), slow-spreading ridge crest. A simple model for ridge migration indicates eastward jumps of 8–13 km; changes in ridge orientation are suggested by changes in trends of dikes and graben axes. Comparison of the pattern of dikes near the Arakapas fault zone with the structure of active ridge/transform intersections suggests that the fault is a right-offset (sinistral) transform, in contrast to earlier models in which a ridge to the west of the exposed Troodos complex was proposed.
Analysis and Prediction of Personality Traits Using a Self-Generated Database of Moroccan Instagram Users: Impact of Gender on Image Content and Quantity on Prediction Accuracy

Data shared on social networks can reﬂect numerous information about users, such as personality traits, inclinations, and interests. Consequently, research on predicting user personality from social network data has become increasingly focused. This study focuses on the Instagram application and is the ﬁrst, to our knowledge, to examine Moroccan Instagram users. To study the eﬀect of personality traits and gender on photo content, we predict and analyze the personalities of female and male Insta-gram users separately, based on characteristics extracted from the photos they share. This study is the ﬁrst to predict the personality of both genders separately, given diﬀerences in the nature and preferences of genders. Additionally, we examine the eﬀect of the number of images on prediction accuracy. Furthermore, three categories of features have been extracted from the images: visual, emotional, and content. Moreover, the Big Five model is used to represent users’ personalities. Additionally, we collected a database of 316 Instagram users; it is the largest compared to previous works and includes users from diﬀerent regions and social classes, which makes the results more generalizable. A root mean square error (RMSE) related to the [1,5] score scale was used to indicate prediction accuracy. In general, good results were obtained for all traits, with outperforming results in predicting consciousness for females (RMSE=0.59) and openness for males(RMSE=0.59), compared to previous studies.
Etiological Evaluation in Children Referred to the Pediatric Cardiology Outpatient Clinic with Chest Pain

Objectives One of the most common reasons for pediatric cardiology referrals is chest pain in childhood. Although it is mostly innocent in character, it is rarely associated with life-threatening pathologies. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the etiological causes in children with chest pain. Methods Our study included 1000 children who were referred to the pediatric cardiology clinic with the complaint of chest pain between January 2019 and June 2022. Demographic characteristics, accompanying complaints, echocardiographies, electrocardiographies, 24-h rhythm holters, treadmill exercise test, computed tomography angiography, and non-cardiac findings related to etiology were analyzed retrospectively from the file archives of the patients. Results Five hundred and nine (50.9%) of the patients were female and 491 (49.1%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 11.3 y (range: 3–18 years). Cardiological pathology associated with chest pain was detected in only 6.8% of the patients. Among the etiologies of chest pain, mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was the most common cardiological pathology with a rate of 2.1%. In the non-cardiac etiological evaluation of chest pain, idiopathic causes with a frequency of 48%, musculoskeletal pathologies with a frequency of 22.6%, respiratory pathologies with a frequency of 7.9%, psychiatric pathologies with a frequency of 7.3%, gastrointestinal pathologies with a frequency of 4.1%, and familial Mediterranean fever with a frequency of 2.4%, miscellaneous with a frequency of 1.1% were found, respectively. Conclusion In the study, it was determined that non-cardiac causes were more common among the etiological causes of chest pain in the pediatric age group. In addition, MVP was the most common cause of cardiac chest pain.
Identi�cation of natural sources of resistance to bipartite begomovirus TYLCKaV in Solanum melongena

Yellow leaf curl disease caused by begomoviruses has emerged as a major limitation to the production of eggplant (Solanum melongena) in several regions of the world. Tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virus (TYLCKaV) is a bipartite begomovirus isolated from diseased eggplant in the areas of the Indochinese peninsula, South China, and Maritime Southeast Asia. In this study, �ve begomovirus species isolated in Indonesia, including TYLCKaV, were inoculated to eggplant using infectious clones. Among the inoculated begomoviruses, TYLCKaV alone induced typical yellowing and curling symptoms in eggplant. Inoculation of TYLCKaV to a panel of crop species (eggplant, tomato, pepper, tobacco, cucumber, melon, and squash) commonly grown in Indonesia clari�ed that TYLCKaV infects and causes yellow leaf curl disease mainly in eggplant and tomato. Agroin�ltration of TYLCKaV to 736 accessions of eggplant enabled selection of 33 resistant candidates. Further evaluation by TYLCKaV graft-inoculation of the resistant candidates clari�ed that 10 accessions were classi�able as moderately resistant and 23 accessions as highly resistant. Among the highly resistant accessions, 22 accessions restricted viral DNA accumulation to a signi�cantly lower amount than the susceptible control. These 22 highly resistant accessions represent valuable genetic resources for breeding begomovirus resistance in eggplant.