Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Phylogeny of SARS-CoV-2 by Compression

The compression method to assess similarity, in the sense of having a small normalized compression distance (NCD), was developed based on algorithmic information theory to quantify the similarity in files ranging from words and languages to genomes and music pieces. It has been validated on objects from different domains always using essentially the same software. We analyze the whole-genome phylogeny and taxonomy of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is responsible for causing the COVID-19 disease, using the alignment-free compression method to assess similarity. We compare the SARS-CoV-2 virus with a database of over 6500 viruses. The results suggest that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is closest in that database to the RaTG13 virus and rather close to the bat SARS-like coronaviruses bat-SL-CoVZXC21 and bat-SL-CoVZC45. Over 6500 viruses are identified (given by their registration code) with larger NCDs. The NCDs are compared with the NCDs between the mtDNA of familiar species. We address the question of whether pangolins are involved in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The compression method is simpler and possibly faster than any other whole-genome method, which makes it the ideal tool to explore phylogeny. Here, we use it for the complex case of determining this similarity between the COVID-19 virus, SARS-CoV-2 and many other viruses. The resulting phylogeny and taxonomy closely resemble earlier results from by alignment-based methods and a machine-learning method, providing the most compelling evidence to date for the compression method, showing that one can achieve equivalent results both simply and quickly.
Tolerogenic IDO1+CD83− Langerhans Cells in Sentinel Lymph Nodes of Patients with Melanoma

Langerhans cells (LCs) are crucial regulators of anti-cancer immune responses. Cancer, however, can alter DCs functions leading to tolerance. The enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) plays a crucial role in this process. In sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) of patients with melanoma, LCs show phenotypical and functional alterations favoring tolerance. Herein we aimed to investigate IDO1 expression in SLN LCs from patients with melanoma. We showed by immunofluorescence analysis that a portion of Langerin+ LCs, located in the SLN T cell-rich area, displayed the typical dendritic morphology and expressed IDO1. There was no significant difference in the expression of IDO between SLN with or without metastases. Double IDO1/CD83 staining identified four LCs subsets: real mature IDO1−CD83+ LCs; real immature IDO1−CD83− LCs; tolerogenic mature IDO1+CD83+ LCs; tolerogenic immature IDO1+CD83− LCs. The latter subset was significantly increased in metastatic SLNs as compared to negative ones (p < 0.05), and in SLN LCs of patients with mitotic rate (MR) > 1 in primary melanoma, as compared to MR ≤ 1 (p < 0.05). Finally, immature SLN LCs, after in vitro stimulation by inflammatory cytokines, acquired a maturation profile by CD83 up-regulation. These results provide new input for immunotherapeutic approaches targeting in vivo LC of patients with melanoma.
Inclusive Leadership, Organizational Justice, Happiness at Work on Extra-Role Behavior with Moderation Organizational Learning

This research aimed to analysis influence inclusive leadership, organizational justice, happiness at word on extra-role behavior with moderation organizational learning. in higher education. The population of this research were lecturers in Indonesia. The sampling technique used iteration, sample of this study were 116 respondents. Data collection techniques used a questionnaire. Data analysis used descriptive percentage analysis and used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with several stages consisting of the outer model to test the validity and reliability of the construct, and the inner model. Data analysis tool used WarpPLS 7.0. The results showed that the organizational learning was able to mediate the relationship between inclusive leadership and happiness at work on extra role behavior. However, it failed to mediate the effect of organizational justice on extra role behavior. Suggestions for further research are to examine extra role behavior with other variables.
Role of ERK Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an eczematous skin disorder characterized by type 2 inflammation, barrier disruption, and intense itch. In addition to type 2 cytokines, many other cytokines, such as interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 17 (IL-17), and interleukin 22 (IL-22), play roles in the pathogenesis of AD. It has been reported that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is downstream of such cytokines. However, the involvement of the ERK pathway in the pathogenesis of AD has not yet been investigated. We examined the expression of p-ERK in mouse and human AD skin. We also investigated the effects of the topical application of an ERK inhibitor on the dermatitis score, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), histological change, and expression of filaggrin, using an AD-like NC/Nga murine model. The effects of an ERK inhibitor on filaggrin expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and on chemokine production from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were also evaluated. p-ERK was highly expressed in mouse and human AD skin. Topical application of an ERK inhibitor alleviated the clinical symptoms, histological changes, TEWL, and decrease in expression of filaggrin in the AD-like NC/Nga murine model. The ERK inhibitor also restored the IL-4 induced reduction in the expression of filaggrin in NHEK, and inhibited chemokine production from BMDC induced by IL-4. These results indicate that the ERK pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of AD, and suggest that the ERK pathway has potential as a therapeutic target for AD in the future.
Assessing the generalizability of visuospatial bootstrapping in working memory performance to different stimulus types: a conceptual replication

ABSTRACT Working memory (WM) bootstrapping involves an initiation of the episodic buffer by linking visuospatial and verbal WM with long-term memory. Assessments of visuospatial bootstrapping for WM have assessed a typical keypad (TKP) stimulus presentation in comparison to single display conditions, novel keypad conditions, as well as a full numeric array where numbers are presented on a number line between. Consistently, for WM recall tasks, the TKP condition has scored highest thus supporting visuospatial bootstrapping. The current experiment was designed to examine whether bootstrapping would be observed with a visual display other than the TKP. To assess the generalizability of the visuospatial bootstrapping effect, participants completed a working memory recall tasks across 3 stimulus types (TKP, Clock Face, and Single Digit). The Clock Face has similar properties to the TKP making it a viable option for exploring the visuospatial bootstrapping. Results show the bootstrapping effect generalised to the clock face display.
Extending the Technology Acceptance Model to Explore Students’ Intention to Use an Online Education Platform at a University in China

While online education has been increasingly adopted in different educational systems across the world, it is still a recent phenomenon in developing countries such as China. Various factors could affect learners’ adoption of technology, including their online learning. In this study, we took the Technology Acceptance Model as the theoretical framework and extended the Model by including extra external variables and one perceived variable to explore factors influencing learners’ intention to use an online education platform. A total of 276 college students from a university in mainland China participated in the study. Results showed that 9 of the 12 hypotheses proposed were supported. External variables such as Online Course Design, Perceived System Quality, and Perceived Enjoyment, along with an extra perceived variable (Perceived Interaction) have been identified as effective predictors of learners’ intention to use the education platform. Implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are provided.
Social-ecological interactions in a disaster context: Puerto Rican farmer households’ food security after Hurricane Maria

Islands are uniquely vulnerable to extreme weather events and food insecurity, and have additional response challenges due to their limited landmasses and economies, isolation, colonial legacies, and high dependence of food imports. Domestic farmers have a key role in producing food for island communities like Puerto Rico, which can safeguard food security when food importation may be challenging. Nevertheless, in the context of disaster, farmers themselves may be vulnerable to food insecurity and unable to contribute to domestic markets. This paper examines Puerto Rican farmers households’ food security in the aftermath of 2017’s Hurricane Maria using a social-ecological lens. Survey data from 405 farmers gathered eight months after Maria, coupled with biophysical data from the hurricane’s impacts (winds, rains, and landslides), were analyzed. Overall, 69% of farmers experienced at least one month of food insecurity in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria, and 38% reported persistent food insecurity (three months or more). A multinomial logistic regression suggests that biophysical impacts, but especially social factors, such as age and constraint access to external sources of support, are linked with persistent food insecurity. This suggests that the biophysical impacts of the hurricane interact with existing infrastructure and social resources to affect farmer vulnerability and the food environment in different ways. Thus, strengthening adaptive capacity in multiple domains can help farmers and vulnerable populations better navigate the disruptions faced during disasters to alleviate food insecurity.
Constraints in language education during the pandemic in junior high school

The pandemic has prevented language learners worldwide from getting the right education. English is just one of those subjects in which this has been remarkably significant due to the lack of classroom interaction and the reduced amount of input students have received. The current study explores 14 EFL teachers’ reflections on the main challenges they have been facing. Their responses were given in an open-ended survey. The Content Analysis carry out aimed at identifying the main constraints primary and secondary EFL teachers have faced while teaching during the first months of the pandemic. It also addresses the possible solutions they have used to address the input scarcity due to the current situation. The paper stresses that it is clear the role that input and strategies have in language learning. The paper concludes that the gap in learning may require additional teaching support in the incoming years. Keywords: Covid-19; emotional intelligence; online learning; teacher’s reflections.
PENGARUH INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH PADA PEKERJA YANG TERPAPAR BISING INDUSTRI DI SURAKARTA

Hipertensi menjadi masalah global, diperkirakan lebih dari satu dari tiga orang dewasa usia 25 tahun ke atas atau sekitar satu miliar orang di seluruh dunia mengalami hipertensi . Penyakit itu mengakibatkan hampir 9,4 juta kematian akibat serangan jantung dan stroke setiap tahun. Salah satu faktor internal penyebab hipertensi adalah kegemukan, sedangkan faktor eksternal adalah paparan bising industri pada tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah karyawan perusahaan tekstil di Surakarta. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive quota sampling. Sampel berjumlah 170 orang untuk pekerja yang terpapar bising melebihi NAB dan 110 orang untuk pekerja yang terpapar bising kurang dari NAB. Uji statistik menggunakan Chi Square Test. Hasil uji menunjukkan: 1) pada pekerja yang terpapar bising melebihi NAB, pekerja gemuk/obesitas berisiko mengalami hipertensi 6 kali dibanding normal/kurus (p=0,000; OR=6,104; 95%CI: 3,078-12,102); 2) pada pekerja yang terpapar bising di bawah NAB, pekerja gemuk/obesitas berisiko mengalami hipertensi 2 kali dibanding normal/kurus (p=0,027; OR=2,364; 95%CI: 1,094-5,106). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebisingan yang melebihi NAB dapat menyebabkan risiko hipertensi yang lebih besar. Kata kunci : Bising, IMT, Tekanan Darah
The effects of soil representation in WRF/CLM on the atmospheric moisture budget

Soil hydro-physical properties are necessary components in weather and climate simulation; yet the parameter inaccuracies may introduce considerable uncertainty in the representation of surface water and energy fluxes. This study uses seasonal coupled simulations to examine the uncertainties in the North American atmospheric water cycle that result from the use of different soil datasets. Two soil datasets are considered: State Soil Geographic dataset (STATSGO) from the United States Department of Agriculture and Global Soil Dataset for Earth System Modeling (GSDE) from Beijing Normal University. Two simulations are conducted from June 1–August 31, 2016–2018 using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) coupled with the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4 and applying each soil dataset. It is found that changes in soil texture lead to statistically significant differences in daily mean surface water and energy fluxes. The boundary layer thermodynamic structure responds to these changes in surface fluxes resulting in differences in mean CAPE and CIN, leading to conditions that are less conducive for precipitation. The soil-texture-related surface fluxes instigate dynamic responses, as well. Low-level wind fields are altered resulting in differences in the associated vertically integrated moisture fluxes and in vertically integrated moisture flux convergence in the same regions. Through land-atmosphere interactions, it is shown that soil parameters can affect each component of the atmospheric water budget.
A Longitudinal Comparison of the Recovery Patterns of Optic Neuritis with MOG Antibody-Seropositive and AQP4 Antibody-Seropositive or -Seronegative for Both Antibodies

In this study, the aim is to compare the recovery pattern among patients with acute myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-seropositive optic neuritis (MOG-Ab + ON) attacks and aquaporin-4 antibody-seropositive ON (AQP4-Ab + ON) or -seronegative ON. At the onset of the first-ever ON attack, the thickness of RNFL (RNFLt) in the MOG-Ab + ON group was significantly thicker than others (P < 0.05), while visual function damage was not significantly different to other groups. One month to six months after onset, the MOG-Ab + ON group showed significantly better visual function (P < 0.05) than the other two groups, while the RNFLt showed no significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05). MOG-Ab + ON and AQP4-Ab + ON groups showed rapid recovery in the first month and then plateaued. The annual relapse rate was significantly higher in MOG-Ab + ON and AQP4-Ab + ON groups than seronegative ON. The relapse interval of the MOG-Ab + ON group (9.00 ± 7.86 months) was significantly shorter than that of the AQP4-Ab + ON group (45.76 ± 37.82 months) (P < 0.05) but showed no significant difference from that of the seronegative ON group (P > 0.05). To sum up, the recovery patterns were different among these three types of ON. RNFLt was not parallel to the recovery of visual function among these types of ON. MOG-Ab + ON had the mildest visual function damage but the most substantial RNFL changes, while AQP4-Ab + ON suffered the worst function damage. MOG-Ab + ON had a similar relapse rate as AQP4-Ab + ON but a shorter interval, indicating that relapse prevention was necessary and should be initiated as early as possible.
Market effects of new product introduction: Evidence from the brew‐at‐home coffee market

The introduction of new products has always been an important source of economic development and improvement in consumer welfare. With retail coffee data spanning five years after the single-cup brew coffee pods were introduced to grocery chains, this paper empirically studies the market effects of new product introduction in the brew-at-home coffee market. We use a structural model of demand and supply to capture the changes in consumer s’ preference for this new product over time. The demand estimates suggest that consumers’ relative preference and willingness -to-pay for the new product grew substantially over the sample periods. The analysis reveals the extent to which the introduction and growing presence of the new product simultaneously expanded the relevant market and cannibalized the sales of pre-existing substitute products (traditional auto-drip brew coffee products). Furthermore, we quantify the annually expanding welfare gains of the average consumer attributable to the new product.
We Know Where They Are Looking at From the RGB-D Camera: Gaze Following in 3D

Inferring gaze target or gaze following is an effective way to understand human actions and intentions, which makes quite a challenge. Some existing studies on gaze estimation cannot accurately locate the gaze target in a 3D scene by gaze direction alone, while other studies on gaze following have failed to exploit the contexts in the 3D scene. In this article, we make full use of the information obtained by the RGB-D camera and innovatively expand the gaze target estimation from 2D image to 3D space through the predicted 3D gaze vector. Specifically, we rebuild a new 3D gaze-following dataset, RGB-D Attention dataset, which contains 3D real-world gaze behaviors. In addition, we extend the depth information for the GazeFollow dataset to utilize its diverse scene information in the training process of 3D gaze following. Then, considering the gaze direction as a crucial clue, we propose a novel gaze vector space containing 3D information and a 3D gaze pathway for learning the gaze behavior in the 3D scene. After two-stage training, the entire model can output the predicted 3D gaze vector and the predicted gaze heatmap, which are used to estimate the 3D gaze target in the inference algorithm. Experiments in the 3D scenes show that our method can reduce the predicted average distance error to 0.307 m and the predicted average angle error to 19.8°. Compared with the state-of-the-art gaze inference method, our proposed method has reduced the prediction error by more than 45%. Our web page is at https://sites.google. com/view/3dgazefollow.
Antipsychotic Drug Utilization and Adverse Drug Reaction Profiling in Patients With Schizophrenia at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western India

Introduction Prescription pattern studies conducted in patients with schizophrenia have shown variability in the utilization of antipsychotics based on the geographical location of the study setting. Moreover, there is only a sparse number of studies specifically related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in schizophrenia. Hence, a need was felt to study the antipsychotic utilization pattern and adverse drug reactions in patients with schizophrenia in our setting. Methods This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted at the psychiatry outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital in India. Patients diagnosed to have schizophrenia as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) were included in the study provided they had been prescribed antipsychotic medications at the study center for at least three months. The sociodemographic profile of the patients and caregivers was recorded, and prescription pattern assessment was done using WHO core drug use indicators. Information related to ADRs was recorded, and further assessment was done based on the causality, severity, and preventability of ADRs. Results A total of 250 patients were enrolled in the study. Risperidone (40.25%) and olanzapine (26.32%) were the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs, while trihexyphenidyl was the most frequently prescribed concomitant medication. Among the 37 cases of adverse drug reactions that were recorded, amenorrhea, sedation, and weight gain were found to be the most common. The majority of ADRs were of mild severity in addition to being non-preventable. Conclusion It was observed that atypical antipsychotics were commonly prescribed in the study center, and the majority of the ADRs were mild and not preventable, which shows the adequacy of prescribing practices in the current setting.
Positive Psychology in Emergency Distance Education in Saudi Arabia during the Pandemic and Beyond

Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic, there was a sudden transition from face-to-face to distance learning (DL) at Saudi schools and universities. 55% of students surveyed were dissatisfied with DL, online communication and had difficulty understanding the course material. Students showed low self-efficacy, engagement and motivation, a negative role and absence of goals. They were mostly concerned about passing with exams. Starting Fall 2021, Saudi universities resumed face-to-face instruction in combination with DL on alternate days. Unlike the past 3 semesters, instructors and students join their online classes from campus, not home. The instructors are still complaining of students’ lack of interest, engagement, and interaction in online classes. Students are still inattentive and uninterested in class participation. Instructors’ survey showed unfamiliarity with positive psychology and how its principles can be applied in DL courses. To enhance college students’ self-efficacy, interest, interaction, and engagement in DL, and help students become happy and relaxed learners, overcome their anxiety, this study proposes the integration of positive psychology and gives practical guidelines to develop positive attitudes, positive thinking, build students’ resilience and teach them how to cope with and manage challenging learning situations in DL by setting clear teaching and learning goals, standards for passing courses, sending positive messages, writing success stories, providing moral support, reading self-help books, watching self-improvement videos and giving positive feedback. It also gives sample activities for increasing students’ engagement, interaction, and communication.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN INDIVIDUALS AGED 50 YEARS AND OLDER DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of leisure-time physical activity of women and men aged 50 years and older during the pandemic COVID-19 and the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of these individuals and to examine the relationship between these two variables. A total of 84 individuals aged 50 years and older, who were selected through the convenience sampling method, participated in the study. The mean age of the female and male participants in this study was 64.07 and 64.45 years, respectively. The Personal Information Form, Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the COV19-Impact on Quality of Life Scale were used for data collection in the study. The results of the study showed that there was a difference between the level of leisure-time physical activity of the female and male participants, with the level of physical activity being higher in the male participants than the female participants. There was no significant difference between the effects of COVID-19 on the quality of life of the male and female participants. The negative impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of the participants was higher than the average. Examining the relationship between the level of physical activity of the female and male participants and the impact of COVID-19 on their quality of life, it was found that the negative impact of COVID-19 on quality of life of both female and male participants decreased as the level of leisure-time physical activity increased. Thus, the results of this study indicate that COVID-19 has a negative impact on physical activity, especially in females, and on the quality of life in both females and males aged 50 years and older.