Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USE OF SOIL TEXTURE, BULK DENSITY, AND SLOPE OF THE WATER RETENTION CURVE TO PREDICT SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY

With advances in computer software and hardware, mathematical subsurface flow models are routinely being used for many field applications. The application of the subsurface models depends on the availability of accurate input parameters describing the hydraulic properties of the soil, especially the soil matrix saturated hydraulic conductivity. Saturated hydraulic conductivity can be measured directly which is very costly and time consuming, or estimated indirectly from more easily measured data such as soil texture, the most readily available soil property in the United States. This study grouped more than 900 saturated hydraulic conductivities for the soil matrix according to the USDA soil texture classes and two porosity classes. The geometric mean and a variability measure are reported. Comparing these values with previously published values indicates that the new data yield higher values for the heavy textured (clay) soils. Also, values for the fine sand classes which were not previously available are reported. A redefined version of the Kozeny-Carman saturated hydraulic conductivity equation based on effective porosity and the slope of the water retention curve is presented for estimating the saturated hydraulic conductivity for the soil matrix.
The Function of BDNF and Its Receptor in the Male Genitourinary System and Its Potential Clinical Application

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as a member of the nerve growth factor family, has been mentioned more and more frequently in recent literature reports. Among them, content about the male genitourinary system is also increasing. Objective and Rationale: BDNF plays an important role in the male genitourinary system. At the same time, the literature in this field is constantly increasing. Therefore, we systematically summarized the literature in order to more intuitively show the function of BDNF and its receptor in the male genitourinary system and its potential clinical application. Search Methods: An electronic search of, e.g., PubMed, scholar.google and Scopus, for articles relating to BDNF and its receptor in the male genitourinary system. Outcomes: In the male genitourinary system, BDNF and its receptors TrkB and p75 participate in a series of normal physiological activities, such as the maturation and morphogenesis of testes and epididymis and maintenance of isolated sperm motility. Similarly, an imbalance of the circulating concentration of BDNF also mediates the pathophysiological process of many diseases, such as prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, male infertility, diabetes erectile dysfunction, penile sclerosis, and bladder fibrosis. As a consequence, we conclude that BDNF and its receptor are key regulatory proteins in the male genitourinary system, which can be used as potential therapeutic targets and markers for disease diagnosis.
The Effects of Feeding Milled Rapeseed Seeds with Different Forage:Concentrate Ratios in Jersey Dairy Cows on Milk Production, Milk Fatty Acid Composition, and Milk Antioxidant Capacity

We aimed to evaluate the effects of milled rapeseed (MR) supplementation of low- or high-concentrate diets on milk production and composition, fatty acids (FAs) profile, and antioxidant capacity. Sixteen Jersey dairy cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, for four periods of 4 weeks, and assigned to four treatments as a 2 × 2 factorial design. Dietary treatments consisted of iso-nitrogenated total mixed rations with high (65:35; LC—low concentrate) or low (50:50; HC—high concentrate) forage:concentrate (FC) ratios, supplemented with MR to provide 30 g oil/kg dry matter (DM) (LR and HR), or without MR supplement (L and H). Increasing the proportion of concentrates led to an increase in DM intake (DMI), net energy (NEL) intake, and milk production, but milk fat and protein content decreased. Supplementing diets with MR led to an increase in NEL intake and milk production, but did not affect DMI and milk composition. Diets supplemented with MR caused a decrease in the concentration of FAs with atherogenic effect and the increase in the level of FAs beneficial for human health (C18:1 cis-9, C18:1 trans-11, and C18:3 n-3), while the decrease in the FC ratio had a negative effect on omega-3 FAs. An improvement in the antioxidant capacity of milk was observed with diets with the high FC ratio but also by supplementing the feed with MR. These results could contribute to the development of effective strategies to improve the nutritional quality of milk without affecting the productive performance of cows.
The Effect of Epidural Analgesia on Quality of Recovery (QoR) after Radical Prostatectomy

No studies are currently regarding the quality of recovery (QoR) after open radical prostatectomy (ORP) and epidural morphine analgesia. This was a randomized, prospective, and controlled study that explored QoR on the first postoperative day after ORP. Sixty-one men were randomized into two groups. The first (epidural) group received general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia with morphine and ropivacaine. The second (control) group received general anesthesia and continuous postoperative intravenous analgesia with tramadol. Both groups received multimodal analgesia with metamizole. The primary outcome measure was the total QoR-40 score. Secondary outcome measures were: QoR-15, QoR-VAS and the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, anxiety and nausea. The median difference in the total QoR-40 score after 24 postoperative hours between the two groups of patients was 2 (95% CI: −3 to 8), p = 0.35. The global multivariate inference test for secondary outcomes between groups was not significant p > 0.05). QoR-VAS was correlated with QoR-40 (r = 0.69, p ≤ 0.001) and with QoR-15 (r = 0.65, p ≤ 0.001). The total QoR-40 and QoR-15 alpha coefficient with 95% CI was 0.88 (0.83-0.92) and 0.83 (0.77–0.89), respectively. There was no difference in the QoR between the epidural and the control group after ORP. The QoR-40 and QoR-15 showed good convergent validity and adequate reliability.
Physical Exercise, Social Capital, Hope, and Subjective Well-Being in China: A Parallel Mediation Analysis

Based on data from the 2017 China General Social Survey, a conditional process analysis was conducted to explore the association between physical exercise and subjective well-being, as well as the parallel mediating effect of social networks and a sense of hope. The results showed that physical exercise had a significant positive predictive effect on the participants’ subjective well-being. Furthermore, social networks and a sense of hope mediated the association between physical exercise and subjective well-being. Physical exercise indirectly promoted subjective well-being by enhancing social networks and a sense of hope. However, the indirect effect of a sense of hope on the association between physical exercise and subjective well-being was greater than that of social networks. The results of this study revealed the internal mechanism of the effect of participation in physical exercise on the improvement of subjective well-being, which is of great significance for formulating relevant policies and plans to further improve Chinese residents’ well-being.
Impact of Repeated Doses of Subcutaneous Esketamine on Acute Dissociative Symptoms in Treatment-Resistant Depression

Background: Esketamine has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatment for use in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but dissociative symptoms are common adverse effects. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 394 subcutaneous esketamine injections given to 70 patients with TRD that were administered once a week during a six-week trial in conjunction with oral antidepressant therapy. Doses between 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg were administered according to the patient’s response. Dissociative symptoms were assessed using the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS) 30 and 60 min after every weekly treatment (day 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 and 36). Results: Seventy patients received a total of 394 subcutaneous esketamine injections over six weeks. Over time, the evolution of CADSS scores demonstrated a significant mean difference of CADSS at 60 min post-injection (p = 0.010) throughout the six infusions. The mean CADSS scores at 60 min on day 22, 29 and 36 were similar. There were no differences between mean CADSS scores 30 min after the injections, no clinical correlation between response and dissociative symptoms, no correlation between time and demographic and clinical characteristics and no interactions between time and combined medication. Conclusions: Our results suggest that repeated subcutaneous esketamine doses are safe and well-tolerated regarding their acute dissociative and psychotomimetic symptoms. Symptoms usually peak at 30 min and decrease at 60 min post-injection, returning to their pretreatment levels at 120 min. Dissociative symptoms do not correlate with antidepressant response.
The “Water-Fountain Nebula” IRAS 16342–3814: Hubble Space Telescope/Very Large Array Study of a Bipolar Protoplanetary Nebula

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide-Field and Planetary Camera 2 images and VLA OH maser emission-line maps of the cold infrared object IRAS 16342-3814, believed to be a protoplanetary nebula. The HST images show an asymmetrical bipolar nebula, with the lobes separated by a dark equatorial waist. The two bright lobes and the dark waist are simply interpreted as bubble-like reflection nebulae illuminated by starlight escaping through polar holes in a dense, flattened, optically thick cocoon of dust, which completely obscures the central star. A faint halo can be seen surrounding each of the lobes. The bubbles are likely to have been created by a fast outflow (evidenced by H2O emission) plowing into a surrounding dense, more slowly expanding, circumstellar envelope of the progenitor asymptotic giant-branch (AGB) star (evidenced by the halo). The IRAS fluxes indicate a circumstellar mass of about 0.7 M☉(D/2 kpc) and an AGB mass-loss rate of about 10-4 M☉ yr-1 (Vexp/15 km s-1)(D/2 kpc)2 (assuming a gas-to-dust ratio of 200). OH features with the largest redshifted and blueshifted velocities are concentrated around the bright eastern and western polar lobes, respectively, whereas intermediate-velocity features generally occur at low latitudes, in the dark waist region. We critically examine evidence for the post-AGB classification of IRAS 16342-3814.
PENGARUH KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR OTOMOTIF YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PADA TAHUN 2017-2021

Industri sub sektor otomotif saat awal pandemi covid-19 pada tahun 2020 mengalami penurunan penjualan kurang lebih sebesar 50%. Namun, perlahan berhasil bangkit kembali. Hal ini terlihat pada penjualan mobil nasional yang mencapai 790.524 unit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konservatisme akuntansi dan struktur modal terhadap kinerja keuangan dengan manajemen laba sebagai variabel intervening. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 perusahaan sub sektor otomotif yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) yang menerbitkan laporan keuangan tahunan secara konsisten dari tahun 2017-2021. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode pendekatan purposive sampling. Sumber data merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan tahunan antara periode 2017-2021 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan outer model, outer loading setelah perubahan model, dan path analisys. Dengan bantuan program Partial Least Square (PLS) agar tidak terjadi banyak asumsi dan didapatkan hasil yang pasti. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa konservatisme akuntansi tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan, struktur modal berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan, konservatisme akuntansi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, struktur modal berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, manajemen laba berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan, manajemen laba sebagai variabel intervening tidak mampu memediasi konservatisme akuntansi terhadap kinerja keuangan, dan manajemen laba sebagai variabel intervening tidak mampu memediasi struktur modal terhadap kinerja keuangan.
Measurement uncertainty of a fibre-optic displacement sensor

The measurement uncertainty and linearity of a bundle fibre-optic displacement sensor were studied on a wide range of displacements using experimental and simulation approaches. The theoretical He–Cuomo distribution functions of light intensity yielded the simulated modulation characteristic that best fitted the experimental data in the range of dimensionless distances to the target surface from 0 to 50 but diverged beyond. The coefficient of variation of the output signal of the sensor varied non-monotonically with the distance to the target surface. This variation is suggested to stem from small randomly distributed imperfections on the mirror surface.
Practical dual-control guidance using adaptive intermittent maneuver strategy

A new adaptive intermittent maneuver strategy is proposed, which has switching threshold levels dependent on the estimated time-to-go for dual-control guidance of passive homing missiles. Guidance performance in terms of control effort and target observability fortheadaptiveintermittentmaneuver strategy arealso analyzed, as well as proportional navigation guidance. With intermittentmaneuvers the guidance command is occasionally disabled to intentionally increase guidance errors. When provided with suitable switching threshold levels, this intermittent maneuver strategy improvestarget observability and, consequently, intercept performance. Statistical simulations for an atmospheric engagement demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed intermittent maneuver strategy.
Hippocampal Changes Elicited by Metabolic and Inflammatory Stressors following Prenatal Maternal Infection

The hippocampus participates in spatial navigation and behavioral processes, displays molecular plasticity in response to environmental challenges, and can play a role in neuropsychiatric diseases. The combined effects of inflammatory prenatal and postnatal challenges can disrupt the hippocampal gene networks and regulatory mechanisms. Using a proven pig model of viral maternal immune activation (MIA) matched to controls and an RNA-sequencing approach, the hippocampal transcriptome was profiled on two-month-old female and male offspring assigned to fasting, mimetic viral, or saline treatments. More than 2600 genes presented single or combined effects (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.05) of MIA, postnatal stress, or sex. Biological processes and pathways encompassing messenger cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling were enriched with genes including gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) predominantly over-expressed in the MIA-exposed fasting males relative to groups that differed in sex, prenatal or postnatal challenge. While this pattern was amplified in fasting offspring, the postnatal inflammatory challenge appeared to cancel out the effects of the prenatal challenge. The transcription factors C-terminal binding protein 2 (CTBP2), RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and SUZ12 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit were over-represented among the genes impacted by the prenatal and postnatal factors studied. Our results indicate that one environmental challenge can influence the effect of another challenge on the hippocampal transcriptome. These findings can assist in the identification of molecular targets to ameliorate the effects of pre-and post-natal stressors on hippocampal-associated physiology and behavior.
Beneficial Effect of Wound Dressings Containing Silver and Silver Nanoparticles in Wound Healing—From Experimental Studies to Clinical Practice

Impaired wound healing affects hundreds of million people around the world; therefore, chronic wounds are a major problem not only for the patient, but also for already overloaded healthcare systems. Chronic wounds are always very susceptible to infections. Billions of dollars are spent to discover new antibiotics as quickly as possible; however, bacterial resistance against antibiotics is rising even faster. For this reason, a complete shift of the antibacterial treatment paradigm is necessary. The development of technology has allowed us to rediscover well-known agents presenting antimicrobial properties with a better outcome. In this context, silver nanoparticles are a promising candidate for use in such therapy. Silver has many useful properties that can be used in the treatment of chronic wounds, such as anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative properties. In the form of nanoparticles, silver agents can work even more effectively and can be more easily incorporated into various dressings. Silver-based dressings are already commercially available; however, innovative combinations are still being discovered and very promising results have been described. In this review article, the authors focused on describing experimental and clinical studies exploring dressings containing either silver or silver nanoparticles, the results of which have been published in recent years.
Citric Acid Changes the Fingerprint of Flavonoids and Promotes Their Accumulation in Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél

Phellinus igniarius is a valuable medicinal fungus. P. igniarius is rich in a variety of chemical compounds with medicinal value, among which are flavonoids. Therefore, increasing the content of flavonoids in P. igniarius is beneficial for its potential use in medicinal applications. This study demonstrated that exogenous treatment with citric acid (CA) could significantly increase flavonoid accumulation in P. igniarius. Additionally, we found that CA induced the biosynthesis of flavonoids in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The flavonoid content could be increased up to 60.96 mg/g when using the treatment with 2.77 mM citric acid for 69.74 h, which was determined by using the response surface method. The changes in the fingerprint profiles of P. igniarius flavonoids with the treatment of CA as an exogenous inducer were also analyzed. In this study, the effect of citric acid as the exogenous inducer on the flavonoid content of P. igniarius was studied, and the processing conditions were optimized through the surface response curve. This approach provides novel insights and a theoretical basis for the production of high-quality P. igniarius.
Central and Peripheral Fatigue in Recreational Trail Runners: A Pilot Study

Background: Understanding fatigue mechanisms is crucial for exercise performance. However, scientific evidence on non-invasive methods for assessing fatigue in trail running competitions is scarce, especially when vertical kilometer trail running races (VK) are considered. The main purpose of this study was to assess the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity (i.e., central fatigue) and the state of muscle activation (i.e., peripheral fatigue) before and after a VK competition. Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was performed. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, 8 recreational male trail runners (31.63 ± 7.21 yrs, 1.75 m ± 0.05 m, 70.38 ± 5.41 kg, BMI: 22.88 ± 0.48, running experience: 8.0 ± 3.63 yrs, weekly training volume: 58.75 ± 10.35 km) volunteered to participate and were assessed for both central (i.e., via heart rate variability, HRV) and peripheral (via tensiomyography, TMG) fatigue before and after a VK race. Results: After the VK, resting heart rate, RMSSD (p = 0.01 for both) and SDNN significantly decreased (p = 0.02), while the stress score and the sympathetic-parasympathetic ratio increased (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). The TMG analyses suggest that runners already suffered peripheral fatigue before the VK and that 20–30 min are enough for muscular recovery after the race. In summary, our data suggest that participants experienced a pre-competition fatigue status. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to investigate the mechanisms underlying fatigue during trail running races, while training periodization and tapering strategies could play a key role for minimizing pre-competition fatigue status.
A comparison study of various mulches on growth and yield of summer squash

Mulching is being widely utilized for production of various crops worldwide and it has a great impact on crop growth and yield. In this regard, the present investigation was carried out to determine the effects of various mulch materials on growth and yield of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) during, 2021 in Agricultural fields of Lovely Professional University, Punjab. Different mulch materials viz., compost, dry leaves, paddy straw, saw dust, sugarcane trash, black polyethylene mulch, transparent mulch and without mulch as control were used for the investigation. Among the different mulches, black polyethylene mulch recorded significantly highest plant height, number of leaves per plant, plant spread and days to 50% female flower. Correspondingly, the highest yield attributes viz., average fruit length, average fruit width, average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant with the highest yield per plant (3.82 kg), yield per plot (68.14 kg) and total fruit yield (27.25 t ha-1) were recorded by black polyethylene mulch compare to the control. Based on the study, it is revealed that black polyethylene mulch is the most eco-friendly method for growing and developing of summer squash.
A Guide to In Silico Drug Design

The drug discovery process is a rocky path that is full of challenges, with the result that very few candidates progress from hit compound to a commercially available product, often due to factors, such as poor binding affinity, off-target effects, or physicochemical properties, such as solubility or stability. This process is further complicated by high research and development costs and time requirements. It is thus important to optimise every step of the process in order to maximise the chances of success. As a result of the recent advancements in computer power and technology, computer-aided drug design (CADD) has become an integral part of modern drug discovery to guide and accelerate the process. In this review, we present an overview of the important CADD methods and applications, such as in silico structure prediction, refinement, modelling and target validation, that are commonly used in this area.
Effects of prenatal testosterone exposure on the development of autism‐like behaviours in offspring of Wistar rats

A neurodevelopmental disease, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) occurs in males three times more commonly than girls. Higher prenatal testosterone exposure may result in autistic‐like behaviour in boys, according to earlier research. It is unclear how fetal testosterone affects the development of autism. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal testosterone exposure in an animal model may result in autistic behaviours by modifying serotonin, dopamine, IGF‐1 and oxytocin levels.