Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Event-Triggered H∞ Control for Networked Systems Under Denial of Service Attacks

This article presents a novel stochastic event-triggered communication scheme (SETS) and a switching-like $H_{\infty }$ control method for networked control systems (NCSs) through an open bandwidth-limited network. To overcome the stochastic Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and save the limited network resource, a SETS is first proposed to decrease the number of packets transmitted while considering the malicious DoS attacks. Compared with the existing event-triggered schemes under a precondition that all triggered packets must be successfully transmitted, the proposed SETS has outstanding flexibility since it allows part event-triggered packets to be lost during the communication process. To fully use the dynamic features of communication in an open network, a switching-like control scheme is well designed, which can actively choose the different controller gains based on the current network Quality of Services (QoSs). Then, a networked closed-loop model is constructed, which considered both the effects of SETS and stochastic DoS attacks in a unified framework. Sufficient conditions for the existence of the switching-like controller are presented to ensure the stability of the networked control system while achieving the prescribed performance index. Gain matrices of the desired switching-like controller and the SETS parameters are reached in the light of the solutions to certain matrix inequalities. Compared with the existing time-invariant control strategy in a transmission interval, higher control performance can be expected since both the dynamic network information and the latest available state are well considered in the proposed communication and control framework. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Using Fractals to Describe Ecologically Relevant Patterns in Distributions of Large Rocks in Streams

Measuring the physical complexity of habitats or ecological resources is often achieved using system‐specific methods that make comparisons across ecosystems difficult. One measure that is applicable across multiple ecosystems and scales is the fractal dimension, which has the benefit of generality as well as potential scale independence. This study evaluated the use of box‐counting and entropy fractal dimensions for characterizing the complexity of emergent rock distributions in six streams across Scotland and Australia. Emergent rocks (ER) are important hydraulic features and ecological resources, including as oviposition sites for aquatic insects and cover for fish. We completed fractal analysis on counts of ER in 5‐m segments along longitudinal stretches of the six streams. All six streams exhibited fractal behavior (self‐similarity), suggesting that fractals can be used to measure the complexity of longitudinal ER distributions in a way that is scale independent. Entropy was a superior measure due to its ability to differentiate among the six streams whereas box‐counting could not. Together, field results and numerical simulations showed that fractal dimensions of emergent rock distributions were related to stream geomorphology. Well‐developed bedforms, like alternating pools and riffles had better organized emergent rocks because large bed materials were more likely to be emergent in topographic highs. Streams with coarser bed materials had more chaotic arrangements of emergent rocks because this increased the general abundance of emergent rocks, making differentiation between topographic highs and lows less distinctive. Fractal dimensions, therefore, can measure the complexity of river systems in a way that is relevant to geomorphological and ecological processes.
Architecture, Kinematics, and Tectonic Evolution of the Principal Cordillera of the Andes in Central Chile (∼33.5°S): Insights From Detrital Zircon U‐Pb Geochronology and Seismotectonics Implications

We assess the role of inherited structures on the Meso‐Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the main Andean Cordillera in central Chile (33°30′S‐34°S). Based on extensive field mapping, U‐Pb geochronology and palinspastic restorations along the Yeso and Volcán river valleys, we propose a tectono‐stratigraphic model for the evolution of a hybrid fold‐and‐thrust belt, originated from the inversion of Mesozoic extensional basins. With these results, we highlight the structural graben configuration of the Yeguas Muertas and Nieves Negras depocenters, as evidenced by synextensional deposition of the Río Damas and Lo Valdés Formations, controlled by normal faulting. The uppermost Cretaceous evolution can be approached through the analysis of the Las Coloradas Unit (ULC), which overlies the volcanic rocks of the upper Colimapu Formation and can be correlated, north of 32°S, with the Juncal Formation, and south of 35°S, with the Plan Los Yeuques Formation. The contractional Neogene‐Quaternary deformation in the fold‐and‐thrust belt domain studied in this work, accommodated 27–28 km of minimum crustal shortening. The Neogene‐Quaternary deformation that generated the final uplift of the Andes, has a close relationship with preexisting inverted Mesozoic structures. These structures deform the volcano‐sedimentary Abanico Formation, deposited since the late Eocene, based on new U‐Pb detrital zircon data. We propose that the active seismicity observed in the eastern border of the Principal Cordillera, located to the east of Santiago, can be associated with major crustal faults, as the Estero de Yeguas Muertas‐Baños Colina fault system and the Chacayes‐Yesillo fault.
Impact of a Mixed Ocean Layer and the Diurnal Cycle on Convective Aggregation

We investigate how ocean feedbacks and the diurnal cycle impact convective aggregation using a slab ocean coupled to a cloud resolving model. With a 20 m mixed layer ocean, aggregation occurs after 25 days. Thinner ocean layers slow the onset of clustering, with a 1 m ocean layer needing around 43 days. The delay is due to anomalous solar radiation in clear sky regions, causing a relative surface warming balanced by a matching cooling in cloudy areas. The resulting gradient in surface heat fluxes opposes low level convergence into convecting regions. On aggregation, the convective regions are surrounded by moist, clear sky regions with the hottest SSTs, toward which convection migrates, while a cold SST patch forms under dry suppressed regions due to enhanced latent heat fluxes and longwave radiation. The next experiment allows a diurnal cycle of 2.5°C in the domain mean SST. This causes convective rainfall to shift from a weak morning maximum to a sharper evening peak, reminiscent of undisturbed tropical observations. However, convection reverts to a weak early morning maximum once aggregation starts due to spatially heterogeneous radiative forcing. This implies thin mixed ocean layers are a necessary but non‐sufficient condition for an afternoon maximum of convection; limited spatial water vapor variability is also necessary. The imposition of the mean diurnal cycle has no statistically significant impact on the mean timing of clustering onset.
Whole-Body Vibration Exercise: A Possible Intervention in the Management of Post COVID-19 Complications?

COVID-19 infection frequently leaves the infected subjects with impairments of multi-organs, the so-called post COVID-19 syndrome, which needs to be adequately addressed. The perspective of this narrative review is to verify the possible role of whole-body vibration exercise in the post-COVID-19 rehabilitation of these patients. Publications reporting the use of WBV exercises to counteract fatigue, muscle weakness, neurological manifestations, pain, quality of life, quality of sleep, lung commitments, and mental conditions in different clinical conditions were selected. Considering all the findings described in the current review, it seems that WBV exercise might be potentially useful and effective in the rehabilitation of post COVID-19 syndrome, being able to positively influence fatigue, muscle weakness, and quality of life without any side-effects. Controlled studies are mandatory to define the best protocols to be proposed, which need to be tailored to the individual and clinical characteristics.
Gender Differences and White Blood Cells on Anxiety Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Community-Based Study

Gender differences and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-associated inflammatory biomarkers are correlated with high levels of anxiety. However, no study has investigated gender differences and high level of white blood cells (WBC) on anxiety among participants with T2DM in Indonesia. We examined the roles of gender and WBCs on anxiety symptoms in T2DM. A cross-sectional study was performed on 294 patients with T2DM recruited from five community clinics with multistage cluster sampling. Depression, anxiety and Stress-21 (DASS-21) a standardized questionnaire was used to measure anxiety and WBCs was determined using an XP-100 automated haematology analyzer. The adjusted coefficients beta (coefficient Beta) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were performed using a multiple linear regression model. Statistical analyses were calculated using SPSS version 25.0, with a p-value of less than 0.05 set as statistically significant. Females exhibited significantly higher levels of anxiety (Beta=0.26 , 95% CI=0.07 – 0.94 ) than male respondents . Notably, respondents with WBCs of ³ 7.576 had significantly higher anxiety (Beta =2.04, 95% CI=1.12 – 3.71) than patients with WBCs of less than 7.576. There was high prevalence of axienty symptoms in this Indonesian sample of respondents. Female and high level of WBCs exist on increasing susceptibility to anxiety symptoms among individuals with T2DM. Abstrak: Perbedaan jenis kelamin dan biomarker inflamasi terkait diabetes mellitus tipe 2 ( T2DM ) berkorelasi dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi. Namun, belum ada penelitian yang menyelidiki perbedaan jenis kelamin dan sel darah putih ( WBC ) pada kecemasan di antara penyandang T2DM di Indonesia. Kami memeriksa peran jenis kelamin dan WBCs pada gejala kecemasan untuk penyandang T2DM . Studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada 294 penyandang T2DM yang diperoleh dari lima klinik komunitas dengan multistage cluster sampling. Depresi on , Anxiety and Stress-21 (DASS-21) merupakan kusioner standar yang digunakan untuk mengukur kecemasan dan WBCs ditentukan dengan menggunakan penganalisis hematologi otomatis XP-100. Koefisien yang disesuaikan beta (koefisien ? ) dan interval kepercayaan 95% (CI) dilakukan dengan menggunakan model regresi linier berganda. Analisis statistik dihitung menggunakan SPSS versi 25.0, dengan nilai p kurang dari 0.05 ditetapkan sebagai signifikan secara statistik. Wanita menunjukkan tingkat kecemasan yang jauh lebih tinggi (? = 0,26, 95% CI = 0,07-0,94) dibandingkan responden laki-laki. Khususnya, responden dengan nilai WBCs ³ 7.576 memiliki kecemasan yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (? = 2.04, CI 95% = 1.12–3.71) dibandingkan responden dengan nilai WBCs kurang dari 7.576. Terdapat p revalensi gejala axienty yang tinggi pada sample dari responden sampel di Indonesia dalam penelitian ini. W anita dan nilai WBCs yang lebih tinngi memiliki peningkatan kerentanan terhadap gejala kecemasan di antara individu dengan T2DM.
Stereotypical Processing of Emotional Faces: Perceptual and Decisional Components

People tend to associate anger with male faces and happiness or surprise with female faces. This angry-men-happy-women bias has been ascribed to either top-down (e.g., well-learned stereotypes) or bottom-up (e.g., shared morphological cues) processes. The dissociation between these two theoretical alternatives has proved challenging. The current effort addresses this challenge by harnessing two complementary metatheoretical approaches to dimensional interaction: Garner's logic of inferring informational structure and General Recognition Theory—a multidimensional extension of signal detection theory. Conjoint application of these two rigorous methodologies afforded us to: (a) uncover the internal representations that generate the angry-men-happy-women phenomenon, (b) disentangle varieties of perceptual (bottom-up) and decisional (top-down) sources of interaction, and (c) relate operational and theoretical meanings of dimensional independence. The results show that the dimensional interaction between emotion and gender is generated by varieties of perceptual and decisional biases. These outcomes document the involvement of both bottom-up (e.g., shared morphological structures) and top-down (stereotypes) factors in social perception.
Online Learning Model in Improving Civic Responsibility as a Solution during Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

This study aimed to examine the implementation of quarantine in terms of the online learning model in improving civic responsibility as a solution during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study's subject was 47 students (17 males and 30 females) at the Department of Teacher and Primary Education Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, which was processing Citizenship Education in the academic year 2019/2020. The researchers collected the data from students and lecturers through observation, interviews, and documentation study. The technique of data analysis was performed through descriptive qualitative analysis. The study results indicated that the online learning model at the Department of Teacher and Primary Education Ahmad Dahlan University in 2019/2020 could improve students' civic responsibility. The data have shown that civic responsibility consisted of 97 % social participation, 76 % social advocacy, and 79 % citizenship participation. This study could finally conclude that online learning model could improve civic responsibility as a solution during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia and tended to be an alternative and effective model in rare situations. This research can be used as input in increasing civic responsibility as a solution during a pandemic in Indonesia.
Model‐based evaluation of climate change impacts on rice grain quality in the main European rice district

Crop simulation models are used to forecast the impacts of climate change on yield levels and to identify adaptation strategies. Nevertheless, crop quality has been almost neglected in available studies, despite its relevance on the economic and nutritional value of agricultural products. We present here a modeling study to evaluate the future trends of rice quality in the main European rice district, placed in Northern Italy. A rice growth model was coupled with a library of models of rice milling and cooking suitability, using current farmer management and baseline/future climatic scenarios as input for the simulations. Four general circulation models (NOResm, MIROC- ESM, HadGEM2- ES, and GISS- ES) and two CO 2 representative concentration pathways (2.6, 8.5) were used
Yield and water use of cherry tomato under water availability and potassium doses.

Produtividade e uso da água de tomateiro cereja sob disponibilidades hídricas e doses de potássio R E S U M O Objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade e o uso da água do tomateiro cereja em ambiente protegido sob disponibilidades hídricas e doses de potássio. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação utilizando unidades experimentais de 12 dm3 de volume de solo e com delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial fracionado 52, com cinco disponibilidades hídricas e cinco doses de potássio, com 13 combinações (4-0; 4-250; 4-500; 14-125; 14-375; 24-0; 24-250; 24-500; 34-125; 34-375; 44-0; 44-250; 44-500) (kPa mg dm-3) e quatro repetições. Foi utilizado o sistema de irrigação por gotejamento com controle da irrigação semiautomatizado. As variáveis analisadas foram massa seca da parte aérea, número de frutos, produtividade, consumo e eficiência no uso da água. A partir dos modelos de regressão constatou-se que a maior produtividade do tomateiro cereja ocorre na tensão de água no solo de 24 kPa e na dose de potássio de 290 mg dm-3. A tensão de água no solo de 44 kPa e a dose de potássio de 290 mg dm-3 possibilitam maior eficiência no uso da água pelo tomateiro cereja. A produtividade e o uso da água do tomateiro cereja são influenciados pelas disponibilidades hídricas do solo e doses de potássio em ambiente protegido.
Fractionation of Soda Pulp Lignin in Aqueous Solvent through Membrane-Assisted Ultrafiltration

An industrial wheat straw lignin was fractionated by a multistep process involving microfiltration followed by two membrane-assisted ultrafiltration steps starting from an aqueous solvent solution. The parent lignin and the different fractions were fully characterized in terms of chemical composition and physicochemical properties by gel permeation chromatography, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the proposed process allows us to selectively control the molar mass distribution of the fractions and the related dependent properties. This strategy offers a better understanding of the structural complexity of soda pulp raw lignin and emerges as an essential tool for lignin valorization in the context of material science and preparative organic chemistry.
Effect of heat‐sealing parameters on the thermal profile and seal strength of multilayer films and non‐woven

Heat sealing is one of the most common techniques for sealing food packages. In this study, the effects of sealer parameters such as dwell time (0.5–2 s), jaw temperature (225–250°C) and pressure (69–345 KPa) and the seal contaminants (coffee particles [0.70–0.85 mm]) were studied on polymer materials used in coffee capsules: (1) lidding, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/Al/linear low‐density poly(ethylene) (LLDPE); (2) wall, polystyrene (PS)/ethylene‐vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)/PS; and non‐woven filter, NW1 (mono‐component fibre) or NW2 (bicomponent fibre [core/sheath]). The presence of NW1 and NW2 non‐woven in the seal structures decreased the interfacial temperature by 5°C and 11°C, respectively in comparison to seal structures without non‐woven. The degradation of the seal bonding caused a decline in the seal strength at elevated temperature (NW: >240°C without NW: >235°C) and longer dwell time (NW: >1 s, without NW: >1.5 s). The core and sheath structure of NW2 (969 N/mm) was responsible for higher seal strength in comparison to NW1 and without NW, as the core remained intact during the sealing, increasing the material strength. The minimum pressure of 207 KPa was required for creating enough contact between films to achieve proper sealing. The coffee particles buried under the opaque layer of lidding films created visible thermal artefacts when observed under thermal camera. The contaminated region differed by 30–38°C from the surrounding sound region after cooling for 3.5 s. The seal strength was stronger when a single coffee particle was in the middle compared to a sample with multiple particles.
Analisis Efektivitas Kebijakan Moneter Dalam Perspektif Konvensional dan Syariah Terhadap Inflasi di Indonesia Tahun 2013-2020

This scientific research was conducted to see the effect and how the effectiveness of the monetary policy transmission mechanism from both conventional and sharia perspectives to tackle inflation in 2013-2020. The conventional monetary policy transmission mechanism can be seen from the total conventional bank credit (LOAN), the interest rate on Bank Indonesia Certificates (SBI), and the average yield on Government Securities (SUN). Meanwhile, sharia monetary policy can be seen from the yield rates on Bank Indonesia Sharia Certificates (SBIS), total Islamic bank financing (FINC) and the average yield of State Sharia Securities (SBSN). Through the Vector Error Correction Model method, it is found that the SBI results have a significant negative effect so that if the interest rate increases by one percent it will reduce inflation. Unlike the case with the effectiveness as measured by the Impulse Response Function (IFR) and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD), where conventional monetary policy is fast in controlling the inflation rate compared to Islamic monetary policy. However, the magnitude of Islamic monetary policy is greater than conventional monetary policy.
The Synergistic Effect of Branched-Preformed Particle Gel and Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide on Further-Enhanced Oil Recovery after Polymer Flooding

Polymer flooding is widely and successfully used to enhance oil recovery. How to further enhance oil recovery after polymer flooding becomes an important question that needs to be solved to stabilize oil production. Branched-preformed particle gel (B-PPG) is a newly developed chemical agent to enhance the oil recovery from heterogeneous reservoirs. Here, laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the enhanced oil recovery of B-PPG/hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) mixed solutions through heterogeneous porous media by the core flood test. The results show that the B-PPG/HPAM mixed solutions have a higher oil recovery than solutions containing HPAM or B-PPG alone because of the synergistic effect between B-PPG and HPAM. B-PPG can adjust flows in different permeability zones by its properties of blocking, deforming, and passing through the throat during flow, which can be proved by the fractional flow behaviors in the parallel-sandpack displacement test. HPAM can not only increase the viscosity of t.
An Overview of Life Gratitude on Ex-Prisoner Adolescents

Adolescence is a very important and critical part of an individual's development. This is because, in the stages of adolescent development, it is often marked by an identity crisis which causes an adolescent to be very vulnerable to conduct behavior that is not following prevailing norms and rules, such as deviant behavior. Adolescents who are found guilty according to the applicable law will be placed and fostered at the Special Development Institution for Children (LPKA) and referred to as Correctional Students (Andikpas). After serving a criminal period, adolescent ex-prisoner will come out and live again in society. However, this is not easy due to environmental resistance and the difficulty of carrying out social reintegration. On the other hand, this brings its lessons for adolescent ex-prisoners so that they can be grateful by seeing life more positively. This paper will discuss the different and unique overview of life gratitude of ex-prisoner adolescents. The discussion is hoped to be able to provide knowledge related to the gratitude of life and adolescent ex-prisoners.
The hero’s journey: understanding the experiences and motivations of international secondary students

ABSTRACT This paper examines the utility of Campbell’s narrative construction of ‘the hero’s journey’ as a conceptual apparatus to understand how international students from Confucian heritage cultures navigate their experiences in Western schooling systems like Australia. The hero’s journey framework was used to investigate the commonalities and differences in international students’ beliefs and behaviours, which led to the development of three different students ‘hero’ models: the self-determined hero, the hesitant hero, and the wounded hero. These models were used to represent the students’ beliefs, behaviours and perceptions of support and to describe the experiences and motivations of students in different contexts during their secondary schooling in Australia. The hero’s journey provides a potentially useful framework from which to engage schools, systems, and policymakers in productive dialogue regarding the support and engagement of international students.