Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness of meaning and quest for meaning: The mechanisms between future orientation and prosociality among youth during pandemic

Introduction The positive relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency has been consistently reported. However, the possible mechanism has not been examined yet. Previous research revealed the positive relationship between future orientation and meaning in life, as well as between meaning in life and prosocial tendency. Hence, it is hypothesized that the two components of meaning in life (presence of meaning and search for meaning) possibly mediate the relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency. Methods During the first half of 2020, 430 Hong Kong youths aged 15–35 (male: 30.5%; female: 69.5%) were recruited to participate an online cross-sectional survey. The survey included three scales: (1) The Scale for Measuring Adult’s Prosocialness, (2) Consideration of Future Consequence Scale, and (3) Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Results The key findings showed that: (1) females had higher level of prosocial tendency than males, and (2) significant partial mediating effects of both presence of meaning and search for meaning on the relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency. Nevertheless, the multi-group mediation model did not show significant gender difference. Discussion These findings implied that future-oriented and meaning-focused interventions could possibly enhance youth’s sense of meaning in everyday life and foster their meaning searching tendency, which further strengthen the positive effect of their future orientation on prosocial tendency, even during life adversities.
Topical Skullcapflavone II attenuates atopic dermatitis in a mouse model by directly inhibiting associated cytokines in different cell types

Skullcapflavone II (SFII), a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, is an anticancer agent. We aimed to validate SFII for atopic dermatitis (AD) therapy by demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effects of SFII in an AD mouse model produced by the topical application of the vitamin D3 analog MC903. We showed that topical treatment with SFII significantly suppressed MC903-induced serum IgE levels compared with topical hydrocortisone (HC) treatment. Topical SFII also prevents MC903-induced pruritus, skin hyperplasia, and inflammatory immune cell infiltration into lesional skin comparable to topical HC. In addition, MC903-induced immune cell chemoattractants and AD-associated cytokine production in skin lesions were effectively suppressed by topical SFII. The production of MC903-induced effector cytokines influencing T helper (Th)2 and Th17 polarization in lesioned skin is significantly inhibited by topical SFII. Furthermore, we showed that SFII can directly inhibit the production of AD-associated cytokines by human primary keratinocytes, mouse bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs), and mouse CD4+ T cells in vitro. Lastly, we demonstrated that topical SFII more effectively suppressed serum IgE levels, the production of IL-4 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and infiltration of CD4+ T cells and Gr-1+ cells (neutrophils) into lesion skin compared to topical baicalein (a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis), which has anti-inflammatory effects. Taken together, our findings suggest that SFII may have promising therapeutic potential for this complex disease via the regulation of multiple AD-associated targets.
Effects of high-performance human resource practices in the education sector: The mediational model

In order to better understand the link between High-Performance Human Resource Practices (HPHRPs) and outcomes, this study examines the mediating roles of person–job fit (PJ fit) and person–organization fit (PO fit) using congruence theory. Through a survey questionnaire, data were gathered from 296 people who work at educational institutions in China. The results demonstrated that the association between HPHRPs and outcomes is mediated by both PJ fit and PO fit. We observed theoretical implications and discovered that HPHRPs are an important antecedent that builds congruence among employees' values and goals and organizational values and goals, as well as their job goals, which in turn prevents employees from experiencing stress and developing intentions to leave their workplace. The current study adds to extant literature on education and HPHRPs by identifying PJ fit and PO fit as mechanisms through which HPHRPs demonstrate their authority on employee outcomes. The managerial implications, limitations, and directions for future studies are included in detail at the end.
Estimating fractional cover of saltmarsh vegetation species in coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta, China using ensemble learning model

Saltmarshes in coastal wetlands provide important ecosystem services. Satellite remote sensing has been widely used for mapping and classification of saltmarsh vegetation, however, medium-spatial-resolution satellite datasets such as Landsat-series imagery may induce mixed pixel problems over saltmarsh landscapes which are spatially heterogeneous. Sub-pixel fractional cover estimation of saltmarsh vegetation at species level are required to better understand the distribution and canopy structure of saltmarsh vegetation. In this study, we presented an approach framework for estimating and mapping the fractional cover of major saltmarsh species in the Yellow River Delta, China based on time series Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager data. To solve the problem that the coastal area is frequently covered by clouds, we adopted the recently developed virtual image-based cloud removal (VICR) algorithm to reconstruct missing image values under the cloud/cloud shadows over the time series Landsat imagery. Then, we developed an ensemble learning model (ELM), which incorporates Random Forest Regression (RFR), K-Nearest Neighbor Regression (KNNR) and Gradient Boosted Regression Tree (GBRT) based on temporal-spectral features derived from the time-series cloudless images to estimate the fractional cover of major vegetation types, i.e., Phragmites australis, Suaeda salsa and the invasive species, Spartina alterniflora. High spatial resolution imagery acquired by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Gaofen-6 satellites were used for reference sample collections. The results showed that our approach successfully estimated the fractional cover of each saltmarsh species (average of R-square:0.891, RMSE: 7.48%). Through four scenarios of experiments, we found that the ELM is advantageous over each individual model. When the images during key months were absent, cloud removal for the Landsat images considerably improved the estimation accuracies. In the study area, Spartina alterniflora covers the largest area (5753.97 ha), followed by Phragmites australis with spatial extent area of 4208.4 ha and Suaeda salsa of 1984.41 ha. The average fractional cover of S. alterniflora was 58.45%, that of P. australis was 51.64% and that of S.salsa was 51.64%.
Case report: Medical student types journals during ketamine infusions for suicidal ideation, treatment-resistant depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder

Suicide is the most common cause of death in male resident physicians and the second most common cause of death in resident physicians overall. Physicians also experience high rates of major depressive disorder (MDD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and burnout. These conditions frequently develop during medical school, and threaten not only physicians but the patients they care for. A 30-year-old medical student presented to our clinic with a history of treatment-resistant depression (TRD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), PTSD, and 5 years of daily suicidal ideation. Previous treatments included therapy, lifestyle modifications, and various combinations of six antidepressants. These interventions had little effect on the patient’s mental health. The patient was treated at our clinic with an 8-month regimen of IV ketamine infusions and ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP). The patient achieved remission from suicidality and PTSD within 1 month; and TRD and GAD within 7 months. The patient’s Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score decreased from 25 (severe depression) to 1 (not depressed). These findings suggest that ketamine and KAP may represent effective interventions for mental health applications in healthcare professionals. The patient made the unique decision to attempt to type narrative journals during four of his ketamine infusions (doses ranged from 1.8 to 2.1 mg/kg/h IV). The patient successfully typed detailed journals throughout each 1-h ketamine infusion. To our knowledge, these journals represent the first independently typed, first-person, real-time narratives of ketamine-induced non ordinary states of consciousness. The transcripts of these journals may provide useful insights for clinicians, particularly in the context of KAP.
Existence of Multi-bump Standing Waves with a Critical Frequency for Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

Abstract For elliptic equations of the form ϵ2Δu − V(x)u + u p = 0, x ∈ R N , where the potential V satisfies , we prove the existence of new kinds of solutions, corresponding to semi-classical standing waves for nonlinear Schrödinger equations, with several local maximum points whose local maximum values are of different scales with respect to ϵ → 0.
Theory of ultrafast phenomena in photoexcited semiconductors

The authors review the physics of ultrafast dynamics in semiconductors and their heterostructures, including both the observed experimental phenomena and the theoretical description of the processes. These are probed by ultrafast optical excitation, generating nonequilibrium states that can be monitored by time-resolved spectroscopy. Light pulses create coherent superpositions of states, and the dynamics of the associated phase relationships can be directly investigated by means of many-pulse experiments. The commonly used experimental techniques are briefly reviewed. A variety of different phenomena can be described within a common theoretical framework based on the density-matrix formalism. The important interactions of the carriers included in the theoretical description are the phonon interactions, the interactions with classical and quantum light fields, and the Coulomb interaction among the carriers themselves. These interactions give rise to a strong interplay between phase coherence and relaxation, which strongly affects the non equilibrium dynamics. Based on the general theory, the authors review the physical phenomena in various semiconductor structures including superlattices, quantum wells, quantum wires, and bulk media. Particular results which have played a central role in understanding the microscopic origins of the relaxation processes are discussed in detail.
Study on the use of optical coherence tomography in measurements of paper properties

This study proposes a new method for the characterization of paper surface and bulk structure: optical coherence tomography (OCT). Although having been used in medicine for years, this technique is still relatively unknown in the paper-making industry. First, we provide a brief description of a conventional PC-controlled measurement system for the OCT imaging of paper. In this set-up, a powerful superluminescent diode is used to illuminate a Michelson interferometer with a free-space configuration, and a piezo-transducer is placed in the optical delay line to modulate the measurement signal for optical heterodyne detection. The set-up is then applied to demonstrate the ability of the technique to visualize the surface structures of widely disparate paper samples using a single device. Next, the paper provides 3D images of a fibre network and of typical copy paper. The results prove that OCT is applicable not only to the 3D imaging of simple wood fibre networks, but also to the imaging of complex commercial paper, provided that an appropriate clearing agent is used. Finally, the effect of filler on the OCT signal slope calculated by averaging several A-scans from the sample is demonstrated, showing that increasing filler content produces a corresponding decrease of decay of the A-scan in depth.
The Generating Function Method for Quadratic Asymptotically Symmetric Birth and Death Processes

The general form of the generating function associated with quadratic asymptotically symmetric birth and death processes is given with no restriction but the positivity of the transition rates.The explicit form of the moments is obtained when their behaviour is explosive for large time. Finally, the relationship between the generating function method and the Karlin–McGregor approach based on orthogonal polynomial theory is established.
Staggered eight-vertex model with four sublattices

The staggered eight-vertex model on a square lattice which allows different vertex weights for the four sublattices of the square lattice has been studied. The soluble case of a free-fermion model is solved by the Pfaffian method. It is shown that the model may exhibit up to five phase transitions. In general the specific heat has logarithmic singularities, except in some special cases where the system exhibits first- or second-order phase transitions.
Stress Singularity at the Tip of a Rigid Line Inhomogeneity Under Antiplane Shear Loading

The zeroth order term in (14) is the equation of a planar displacement in the Z = R plane, parallel to the X— Y coordinate plane of F. Also notice that the first order term consists only of a component in the Z direction. We conclude that the planar displacement (1) is the limiting case of the spherical displacement (2) for which the angles a, /3, £ and r\ are small such that the terms a = (a/R), fi = (b/R), £ = (x/R) and r/ = (y/R) are negligible. Blaschke's mapping is obtained as a limiting case of (11) by following the same procedure. Substitute a = a/R and /3 = b/R into (11), compute the series expansion of the sine and cosine functions, and collect terms in l/R. The result is
A framework for predicting the viscosity of miscible polymer blends

A new model for the viscosity of miscible polymer blends is described. It combines a mixing rule for chain relaxation, based on the double reptation concept as adopted by Tsenoglou (1989), with a calculation of the concentration dependence of the monomeric friction factors, based on the self-concentration model of Lodge and McLeish (2000). The model is successful in anticipating the experimentally observed curvatures in plots of viscosity versus composition, and the predictions are in promising agreement with the data for several systems. The model introduces no freely adjustable parameters, and all the necessary parameters may be determined from measurements on pure components.
Orbital migration and mass-semimajor axis distributions of extrasolar planets

Abstract Here we discuss the effects of type-I migration of protoplanetary embryos on mass and semimajor axis distributions of extrasolar planets. We summarize the results of Ida & Lin (2008a, 2008b), in which Monte Carlo simulations with a deterministic planet-formation model were carried out. The strength of type-I migration regulates the distribution of extrasolar gas giant planets as well as terrestrial planets. To be consistent with the existing observational data of extrasolar gas giants, the type-I migration speed has to be an order of magnitude slower than that given by the linear theory. The introduction of type-I migration inhibits in situ formation of gas giants in habitable zones (HZs) and reduces the probability of passage of gas giants through HZs, both of which facilitate retention of terrestrial planets in HZs. We also point out that the effect of magneto-rotational instability (MRI) could lead to trapping of migrating protoplanetary embryos in the regions near an ice line in the disk and it significantly enhances formation/retention probability of gas giants against type-I migration.
Performance of variable friction pendulum system for torsionally coupled structures

A method for dynamic analysis of a torsionally coupled structure isolated with variable friction pendulum system (VFPS) (an advanced friction base isolator recently developed by the authors) is demonstrated. As the name suggests, the novelty of the VFPS is its variation of the friction coefficient at the sliding interface. The friction coefficient of the VFPS is such that up to a certain value of the isolator displacement it increases and then it decreases with a further increase in the isolator displacement. Six pairs of near-fault ground motions are selected as input ground motions in the study. The analysis considers the effects of the interaction developed between the frictional forces in the two principal directions due to sliding of the individual VFPS isolator. In order to investigate the effectiveness of the base isolation using the VFPS, the coupled lateral-torsional response is obtained under different parametric variations by employing Newmark's step-by-step method assuming linear variation of acceleration over a small time interval. The effectiveness of the base isolation using the VFPS is quantified with the help of the response ratio between the peak responses of the torsionally coupled structure with and without the VFPS. Moreover, the behavior of the structure isolated by the VFPS has been compared with the same structure isolated using the conventional friction pendulum system (FPS) and the double concave friction pendulum (DCFP) bearing. The numerical results of the extensive parametric study help in understanding the torsional behavior of the structure isolated with the VFPS under near-fault ground motions. It is also found that the VFPS behaves remarkably better than the FPS in controlling the torsional response for all types of torsional systems. The VFPS is also superior to the DCFP for torsionally flexible systems, whereas the behavior of the VFPS is nearly identical to that of the DCFP for torsionally rigid systems.
Memory state feedback controller design for singular systems with multiple internal constant point delays

The problem of delay-dependent stabilisation for singular linear continuous-time systems with multiple internal incommensurate constant point delays is investigated. The condition when a singular system subject to point delays is regular independent of time delays is given and it can be easily tested with numerical or algebraic methods. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach and the descriptor integral-inequality lemma, a sufficient condition for delay-dependent stability is obtained. The main idea is to design multiple memory state feedback control laws such that the resulting closed-loop system is regular independent of time delays, impulse free and stable via solving matrix inequality problem. An explicit expression for the desired memory state feedback control law is also given. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness and the availability for the proposed method.
On the motion of a liquid in a spheroidal cavity of a precessing rigid body. II

Abstract It is supposed that a viscous incompressible fluid is contained in an oblate spheroidal cavity (major axes a, eccentricity e) in a rigid body, and that, up to time t = 0, both fluid and container rotate together with angular velocity ω about the minor axis LB of the spheroid, which is fixed in space. At t = 0, the axis of rotation is moved impulsively, and is given a motion of precession (angular velocity Ω) about an axis LS fixed in space, which makes an angle α with LB. It is required to find the ultimate state of motion of the fluid relative to the container. In a previous paper (Stewartson and Roberts (4)), this problem was solved for arbitrary α under the assumptions that where v is the kinematic viscosity. In the present paper, it is shown how the problem may be solved for arbitrary e (including zero) under the assumptions that
Restricted addition in Z/nZ and an Application to the Erdős–Ginzburg–Ziv Problem

Some elementary results are given on restricted sums 2∧A and 3∧A of a subset A⊂Z/nZ in the case when the cardinality of A, is close to n/2. In the last section, some of these results are used to derive some new values of a function related to the Erdős–Ginzburg–Ziv problem.
The Shadow of Light:. Challenging Classical and Quantum Electrodynamics

We review some optical experiments, carried out in the last decade, which evidence an anomalous behavior of photon systems. Their results are apparently at variance with both standard quantum mechanics (in the Copenhagen interpretation) and usual (classical and quantum) electrodynamics. In particular, they can be interpreted as a virtual interference involving the pilot waves associated to photons (according to Bohmian quantum mechanics). The anomalous effects exhibit a threshold behavior in energy and space, which agrees with results obtained on the electromagnetic breakdown of local Lorentz invariance. A possible connection between these seemingly unrelated implications of the observed phenomenon can be set by assuming that the pilot wave of a photon is a deformation of spacetime ("shadow of light").
Magnetic perturbations in the events of broadband ELF turbulence observed by FAST

Magnetic perturbations in the topside auroral ionosphere observed by the FAST satellite in the events of broadband extra low frequency (BB ELF) turbulence are investigated at frequencies 0.5–8 Hz (scales from 14 km down to 0.9 km). The power‐law scaling and peculiar polarization patterns of the perturbations are highlighted. By comparing with the magnetic fields simulated according to the Chang et al. (2004) scenario of coarse‐graining process development, we demonstrate that the magnetic perturbations observed in the events of the BB ELF turbulence can be reasonably understood in terms of non‐linearly interacting multiscale field‐aligned currents traversed by the spacecraft.
Research on Interviewing Techniques

The survey interviewer, as gatekeeper to the attitudes, experiences, and perceptions of respondents, occupies a prominent position in survey research and has been a subject of concern since the emergence of systematic survey research. Recognition of the interviewer's potential for manipulating or distorting responses has generated numerous approaches aimed at controlling the interviewer's influence on responses. Over the years, rules for interviewer behavior have evolved
Uphill transport and the probabilistic transport model

Profile consistency is a long-standing mystery of transport in thermonuclear fusion plasmas. This phenomenon is critically tested by studying the system response to off-axis fueling or heating. The present paper investigates the potential of a recently proposed probabilistic transport model to simulate this phenomenon, and it is found that most of the observed phenomenology can be reproduced, at least qualitatively. In particular, the observed differences between tokamaks and stellarators under off-axis heating may find an explanation in this framework.
Localized edge states in plane Couette flow

The dynamics at the threshold of transition in plane Couette flow is investigated numerically in a large spatial domain for a certain type of localized initial perturbation, for Re between 350 and 1000. The corresponding edge state is an unsteady spotlike structure, localized in both streamwise and spanwise directions, which neither grows nor decays in size. We show that the localized nature of the edge state is numerically robust, and is not influenced by the size of the computational domain. The edge trajectory appears to transiently visit localized steady states. This suggests that basic spatiotemporally intermittent features of transition to turbulence, such as the growth of a turbulent spot, can be described as a dynamical system.