Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effets des anthelminthiques sur les insectes coprophages. Conséquences environnementales

The aim of this work concerned the dung beetle ecology and the effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment. The occurence of several guilds and the differences in size, phenology, nyctemeral rhythm and breeding behaviour allowed dung beetles to coexist within several assemblages. However the results did not show a clear relationship between the size of dungs pats and that of attracted dung beetles. Following administration, veterinary medicines may be released directly in faeces. Ivermectin, moxidectin, eprino mectin and mebendazole were more or less harmful for flies and coprophagous beetles. The cattle therapy can modify insect colonization of dung from treated animals. We showed ivermectin therapy to enhace colonization. Ivermectin administered as a slow released bolus formulation could involve under Mediterranean climate conditions a deceleration of dung pat disapearance but under more mesic conditions (medium altitude) no delay in dung degradation was highlighted.
Analysis of mandibular fractures – a retrospective study

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence, etiology, and localization of mandibular fractures treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Govt. Dental College & Hospital, Rajeev Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 218 patients with mandibular fractures, treated between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2017, were reviewed and the following data were analysed: age, gender, etiology, fracture area and treatment. Results: The male: female ratio was 3.9: 1. The majority of patients (55.96%) were young people, aged 11-30 years. The main cause of mandibular fractures was Road traffic accidents (RTAs) (73.85%) followed by falls (20.64%) and assaults (4.59%). The most common fracture area was parasymphysis (26.61%) followed by mandibular angle (11.47%) and condylar process fractures (11.01%). Closed reduction was done in 25.68% of patients, open reduction and internal fixation was performed in 72.93% of cases, while 1.37% of them were treated conservatively. Conclusions: The presented results are in line with other studies. The present study highlights the importance of strict enforcement of traffic regulations, assessment and development of preventive schemes to reduce the incidence of Road traffic accidents. Keywords: Maxillofacial Trauma, Road traffic accidents, Mandibular Fractures.
EVALUATION OF THE INITIATION/PROMOTION POTENTIAL OF CTFE TRIMER ACID

Abstract : CTFE trimer acid is a metabolite of the 6-carbon oligomer of Halocarbon 3.1 oil, a nonflammable hydraulic fluid composed of perhalogenated oligomers of varying chain length. Administration of CTFE trimer acid by oral gavage for 3 months resulted in a slight increase in the rate of peroxisomal beta-oxidation, but not relative liver weight. An increase in peroxisomal beta- oxidation has been correlated with the formation of hepatic tumors. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate CTFE trimer acid for both tumor initiation and promoting ability. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (4 weeks old) were partially hepatectomized. Groups of animals received a single dose of CTFE trimer acid as the initiator, followed by chronic phenobarbital administration, a known tumor promotor, for either 3 or 9 months. Diethylnitrosamine, a known tumor initiator, was administered as a single dose to separate groups of animals that were administered different doses of CTFE trimer acid as a promotor for either 3 or 9 months. Quantitative sterological analysis was performed on foci from liver sections stained for a variety of histological and histochemical markers. CTFE trimer acid does not possess tumor initiation ability. However, a significant increase in foci/cm2 and foci/cm3 in livers of treated animals over those of control after 9 months of treatment clearly indicates that CTFE trimer acid has promoting activity. Interestingly, no increase in either beta-oxidation or relative liver weight was noted in animals that received CTFE trimer acid as a tumor promotor.
One-Year Mortality in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Stenotic Bicuspid versus Tricuspid Aortic Valves: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Objective To assess 1-year mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS). Background Clinical trials have proven the beneficial effect of TAVR on mortality in patients with tricuspid AS. Individuals with bicuspid AS were excluded from these trials. Methods A meta-analysis using literature search from the Cochrane, PubMed, ClinicalTrials, SCOPUS, and EMBASE databases was conducted to determine the effect of TAVR on 1-year mortality in patients with bicuspid AS. Short-term outcomes that could potentially impact one-year mortality were analyzed. Results After evaluating 380 potential articles, 5 observational studies were selected. A total of 3890 patients treated with TAVR were included: 721 had bicuspid and 3,169 had tricuspid AS. No statistically significant difference between the baseline characteristics of the two groups of patients was seen outside of mean aortic gradient. Our primary endpoint of one-year all-cause mortality revealed 85 deaths in 719 patients (11.82%) with bicuspid AS compared to 467 deaths in 3100 patients (15.06%) with tricuspid AS, with no difference between both groups [relative risk (RR) 1.03; 95% CI 0.70-1.51]. Patients with bicuspid AS were associated with a decrease in device success (RR 0.62; 95% CI 0.45-0.84) and an increase in moderate-to-severe prosthetic valve regurgitation (RR 1.55; 95% CI 1.07-2.22) after TAVR compared to patients with tricuspid AS. The effect of meta-regression coefficients on one-year all-cause mortality was not statistically significant for any patient baseline characteristics. Conclusion When comparing TAVR procedure in tricuspid AS versus bicuspid AS, there was no difference noted in one-year all-cause mortality.
Levantamento de reconhecimento dos solos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Primeira etapa planalto Rio-Grandense

The reconnaissance survey of the soils of Rio Grande do Sul State has been underway since 1961. It represents another step toward the delineation of the Brazilian Soil Map, an important and useful device for a general inventory of potential resources of the soils of Brazilian Territory. The purpose of this survey is to define and delimit the most important soil units of RGS State, providing for basic research. The area of RGS State is approximately 280.000 km 2 , of which 80.000 km 2 has been mapped. This survey was made possible through the use of municipal maps is scales of 1:50.000 and 1:100.000, of a general map of RGS State in scale of 1:750.000, aerophotos covering parts of the area, and of “quadriculas” from “Conselho Nacional de Geografia” in the scale of 1:500.000. The work was done using the direct measurement method. Aerophotos were available only for such a municipalities as Santo Angelo, Guarany das Missoes, and sections of Cruz Alta, Ijui, Cerro Largo, Sao Luiz Conzaga, Catuipe and Girua (Fig. 1).
Incidence of Injuries in Athletes of Olympic Wrestling

This study aims to present, through a literature survey, the incidence of injuries in wrestling in order to characterize them in relation to their location (upper or lower limbs), type (fractures, dislocations, sprains, injuries tendinitis and muscle), increased susceptibility period (period of training or competition) and practice time mode. Thus, we conclude that the lesions occur in Olympic wrestling in the lower extremities, the anatomical regions of the knee, shoulder, thigh and ankle, primarily sprains, muscle injuries and bruises and that usually occur with more experienced
Glucose variations and their impact on the treatment response in advanced colorectal cancer

Introduction: Serum glucose is commonly associated with a bad clinical prognosis in many diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the real impact of glucose variation (GV) on the treatment and prognosis of CRC patients is unknown. Due to the absence of information, this study aimed to correlate GV and treatment response in advanced CRC. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight CRC patients with stage III and IV disease were studied. The selected ones were those who have had two consecutive computed-tomography scans and more than one serum glucose (SG) test between the CT scans, which left 19 people of the original group. Results: The mean age of the 19 analyzed subjects was 58.6 years SD=18.26; CI 95% 50.9 - 71.0. Most of the patients were men (59%), with Wilt-Type KRAS mutation (63.2%), without metastasis (71%) and at a clinical stage III (73.3%). No statistically significant value was found (p=0.126) between GV and treatment response in advanced CRC patients. Conclusion: These findings cannot indicate a direct association between GV and treatment response in advanced CRC patient, but open space for evaluation of new methods of handling glucose variations in attempt to get a better understanding about how glucose may influence the CRC prognosis.
Anthropometric profile of female handball players is related to bone mineral density

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of a wide range of anthropometric parameters with BMD in normal-weight women: handball players and healthy untrained students. Thirteen former female handball players, (age 21.2±0.9 years, body mass 64.2±6.1 kg, training experience 6.7±2.4 years) and 51 randomly selected untrained students (age 20.6±1.2 years, body mass 58.1±6.8 kg), were examined. The anthropometric measurements included 16 variables. BMD was measured on the radius of the non-dominant hand at distal and proximal points with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), using a Norland pDEXA densitometer. Relationships between BMD and anthropometric variables were assessed in 64 normal-weight women (BMI≥18.5 and ≤ 24.99 kg/m2), by calculating Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. We found a significant positive relationship between bone mass characteristics and biacromial breadth (0.30-0.53), calf (0.28-0.47) and arm (0.27-0.42) girth corrected, and lean body mass (LBM) (kg) (0.38-0.61) and (%) (0,27) in the group of normal-weight women. The student groups were significantly different (analysis of variance with Scheffé post hoc test, p<0.001) in BMD, bone mineral content (BMC) and Z-score at both measured points. The former handball players were also characterized by higher body mass and LBM (kg), as well as corrected body girths and biacromial breadth (p<0.001), compared to untrained students. The groups did not differ significantly in body height or total fat. The morphological profile of the female handball players is conducive to BMD. Skeletal characteristics and muscle tissue had a significant beneficial effect on bone mineral characteristics in young women with normal weight.
ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF UNRIPE PULP OF CARICA PAPAYA IN MICE

Unripe Carica papaya fruits were extracted with methanol in Soxhlet apparatus and later with a liquid-liquid extraction with the aim of identifying and quantifying secondary metabolite fraction of this plant. Quercetin and β-sitosterol have been isolated from the fruit and the quantities detected were 120.2±0.16 mg/g (dry fruit) and 279.1±0.09mg/g respectively. In addition, the extracts were evaluated in vivo for their effects on activities of some antioxidant enzymes which includes Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione transferase (GST), Catalase (CAT) and metabolizing enzyme Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in mice treated orally with a daily dose of extracts (100mg/kg) for 7 days. Results showed that ethyl acetate fraction caused significant increase(p<0.05) in the activities of GR, GPx, GST, and G6PDH. Significant decrease (p<0.05) in GPx activity was observed in kidney following administration of ethyl acetate fraction. It is likely that quercetin and β-sitosterol may be responsible for the antioxidant potential demonstrated by the ethyl acetate fraction from unripe fruit.
Synthesis of (2R,6R)-Hydroxy-norketamine for Evaluation of Antidepressant Effects

Major Depressive Disorder, colloquially known as depression, is a devastating mental illness that affects a large portion of today’s population. Following a drug side-effect that caused depression, the monoamine theory of depression was created, stating that depressive symptoms were caused by a decrease in concentrations of vital monoamine neurotransmitters at the synaptic cleft. Pharmaceutical remedies to combat depression were first introduced in the 1950s and to this date, most available drugs follow the monoamine theory. These drugs have a large loading dose lag time, numerous negative side effects, and still many patients do not experience relief from symptoms. In 2000, the Stress-neurogenic theory was proposed, suggesting depressive symptoms decreased neurogenesis and dendritic retraction, induced by excess cortisol from chronic stress. This new theory opened the door for further studies to be conducted on possible pharmacotherapies for MDD. Ketamine had shown some antidepressant effects, but was not a sufficient option due to the dissociative effects and history of abuse. Further studies were done to indicate that ketamine’s antidepressant effects were caused by the metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine and that the mechanism of action seems to be NMDA receptor independent. The goal of this thesis was to construct an efficient complete synthesis pathway of (2R,6R)- hydroxynorketamine from commercially available chemicals. This was done by evaluating chemically and structurally similar reactions that had been previously published to piece together a new synthesis of (2R,6R)-HNK. The product of this research will be sent to a partnering lab for further studies to be completed on the NMDA-independent and possibly AMPA receptor-dependent mechanism by which ketamine exhibits such promising antidepressant effects. Further understanding of this mechanism brings us one step closer to better future pharmacotherapies for MDD.
Proteasome Dysfunction Mediates High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in Rodent Beta Cells and Human Islets

The ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS), a major cellular protein degradation machinery, plays key roles in the regulation of many cell functions. Glucotoxicity mediated by chronic hyperglycaemia is detrimental to the function and survival of pancreatic beta cells. The aim of our study was to determine whether proteasome dysfunction could be involved in beta cell apoptosis in glucotoxic conditions, and to evaluate whether such a dysfunction might be pharmacologically corrected. Therefore, UPS activity was measured in GK rats islets, INS-1E beta cells or human islets after high glucose and/or UPS inhibitor exposure. Immunoblotting was used to quantify polyubiquitinated proteins, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through CHOP expression, and apoptosis through the cleavage of PARP and caspase-3, whereas total cell death was detected through histone-associated DNA fragments measurement. In vitro, we found that chronic exposure of INS-1E cells to high glucose concentrations significantly decreases the three proteasome activities by 20% and leads to caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. We showed that pharmacological blockade of UPS activity by 20% leads to apoptosis in a same way. Indeed, ER stress was involved in both conditions. These results were confirmed in human islets, and proteasome activities were also decreased in hyperglycemic GK rats islets. Moreover, we observed that a high glucose treatment hypersensitized beta cells to the apoptotic effect of proteasome inhibitors. Noteworthily, the decreased proteasome activity can be corrected with Exendin-4, which also protected against glucotoxicity-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our findings reveal an important role of proteasome activity in high glucose-induced beta cell apoptosis, potentially linking ER stress and glucotoxicity. These proteasome dysfunctions can be reversed by a GLP-1 analog. Thus, UPS may be a potent target to treat deleterious metabolic conditions leading to type 2 diabetes.
Auxin-binding protein mutants in maize.

Maize auxin-binding protein (ABP) is a putative auxin receptor. However, its function has not been clearly demonstrated. To study loss-of-function of maize Abp1 and Ahp4, the two most highly expressed genes among the Abp multigene family in maize, we isolated insertion alleles of Robertson's Mutator. The loss-of-function of these mutants and the corresponding double mutants were confirmed by Northern and Western blot analyses. Despite the central importance of ABP supported in gain-of-function experiments, no obvious phenotypic aberration in these mutants was observed suggesting functional redundancy in this gene family in maize. In addition, compensatory mechanisms may be operating in maize because in abp4 loss-of-function mutants, ABP1 protein level was significantly elevated.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and its Relationship with Parafunctional Habits among Undergraduate Medical and Dental Students

Background: Temporomandibular disorder is a term used to describe problems involving temporomandibular joint, muscles of mastication, occlusion characterized by symptoms such as pain, restricted movements and intermittent joint sound. The present study was conducted to determine prevalence of TMD and to describe its association with parafunctional habits. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 345 undergraduate students of KIST Medical College and Hospital. Study population was selected by simple random sampling and the Fonseca Anamnestic Questionnaires were distributed. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 16 . Results: The prevalence of TMD was 47.4% with mild and moderate type of TMD present. The most common habit was chewing gums followed by biting of lips and biting of objects. Statistically significant difference in TMD groups was observed in clenching and grinding of teeth, biting of lips and biting of objects (p<0.001). There was statistically significant association between TMD and the signs and symptoms such as headaches, difficult to open mouth, muscular pain while chewing (p<0.001). Conclusions: A statistically significant association was found between biting of lips, grinding of teeth and mouth breathing with TMD.Keywords: parafunctional habits; prevalence; TMD .
Ractopamina em dietas para sunos machos imunocastrados, castrados e fmeas

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and the quantitative characteristics of carcass of immunocastrated, barrows and females in the finishing phase fed with diets containing 10ppm of ractopamine. One hundred and twenty animals were used, with initial weight of 99.1±5.3kg, distributed in a randomized blocks factorial design in 2 x 3 (two ractopamine levels, 0 and 10ppm and three sex), five replicates of four animals each. The inclusion of 10ppm of ractopamine in the diet improved (P 0.05) quantitative carcass characteristics of pigs. The sex was determining factor in performance and carcass quantitative traits and the females had higher (P<0.05) hot carcass yield for immunocastrated male and they have yield above (P<0.05) the barrows. Immunocastrated males and females had higher (P<0.05) percentage of lean meat for barrows. The results of this study highlight the need for studies to adjust the nutrient levels of diets containing ractopamine to immunocastrated pigs.
Effets génotoxiques et systèmes de détoxication chez Vicia Faba (Fabaceae) dans le cadre de l'évaluation des sols pollués

In the context of optimizing plant tests for polluted soil materials bioassessment, the objectives of this thesis were firstly the development of two genotoxicity tests on the secondary roots of a plant model, the broad bean Vicia faba. The first test was the micronucleus assay and gave promising results that lead to an international ISO standardizing process. The second test named comet assay and brought us less encouraging results because of problems with feasibility and precision. To improve our knowledge about the consequences of micronuclei formation on plant life cycle, we studied life-history traits of beans developing from germination in a soil containing a sufficient quantity of genotoxic (cadmium, copper and maleic hydrazide) to induce micronuclei without provoking short-term (48h) growth retardation. The obtained results evoked a link between micronuclei presence after 48h and plant life cycle change or impairments.Besides, the micronucleus assay was applied among other assays or biomarkers to evaluate ecotoxicity of liquid or solid contaminated matrix. As part of the French Scientific Interest Group on Industrial Wasteland (GISFI), we evaluated the genotoxicity of soils polluted by a former coke-factory. Furthermore, we took part to the project “Ecotoxicity of nanomaterial alteration byproducts”, also called Nanoalter. Our goal was to assess the potential hazards attached to the environmental degradation of titanium dioxide-containing sunscreen nanocomposites. Then, the tolerance mechanisms of plants towards chemicals were studied by phytochelatins and oxidative stress enzymes measurements.
Perioperative Outcomes and Surgical Indications of Minimally Invasive Pancreatectomy for Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor in Pediatric Patients

Purpose: We evaluated perioperative and long-term outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and established indications of MIS in solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) in pediatric patients. Methods: From October 1992 to April 2018, 66 patients (age, <18 years) diagnosed with SPT underwent either open pancreatectomy (OP) or MIS. Variables including postoperative complications and recurrence rates were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Thirty-five patients underwent open surgery and 31 underwent laparoscopic/robotic surgery. Mean tumor size in MIS was significantly smaller than that in OP (4.3±1.8 cm vs. 7.6±3.5 cm, p=0.005). There were 4 cases of open conversion from laparoscopic surgery because of vessel encasements (n=2), bleeding (n=1), and pancreatic ductal injury (n=1). Solitary pseudopapillary carcinoma was diagnosed in 6 patients. Recurrence was observed in 3 and 1 patients who underwent OP and MIS, respectively (p=0.634). Tumor size, mass size/abdominal diameter (MS/AD) ratio, and degree of the portal or superior mesenteric vein involvement were the most important indications for MIS. Conclusion: MIS is being widely used in pediatric surgeries with increased expertise and safety, especially in pancreatic diseases. Careful patient selection for MIS in regards with parameters such as MS/AD ratio and vessel abutment might be a feasible choice.