Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parameters of AMMI model to analyse G × E of feed barley trials.

Highly significant GxE interaction for feed yield was partitioned into signal 93.03 and noise 6.97per cent. AMMI model recommended usage of seven significant IPCAs accordingly Finally type 1 of AMMI measures (EV1, ASTAB1, SIPC1, D1), considered G19, G21, G13, G29 as desirable genotypes and G10 as of unstable performance; based on the type 2 (EV2, ASTAB2, SIPC2, D2 and ASV) G16, G21 were genotypes of choice and G10 as unsuitable; as per type 3 (EV3, ASTAB3, SIPC3 and D3), G16, G7, G5, G13 were stable genotypes and G26 of unstable type; according to the type 5 (EV5, ASTAB5, SIPC5 and D5), genotypes G23, G3, G5, G25 were of choice and G10 & G21 were not recommended; lastly based on the type 7 (EV7, ASTAB7, SIPC7 and D7), genotypes G4, G15, G2, G6 and G12 and G27 were detected as the unstable genotypes. AMMI based measures showed genotypes G25 and G13 had the good yield performance while the yield performance of G17 and G4 were of low yield. Clustering of measures with yield expressed three groups. Largest group I contains yield with SIPC1, SIPC2, SIPC3, SIPC5, SIPC7 as well as ASTAB2, ASTAB3 ASTAB5, ASTAB7 along with IPAC1 measures.
Analyzing Challenges for the Implementation of E-Government in Municipalities within Kathmandu Valley

Over the past decade, rapid progress in ICT has encouraged governments to incorporate new technology into their national development strategies. With the growing demands of citizens and changing global rules and regulations, governments are under pressure to deliver quality services at right time. E-government has recently emerged in Nepal that‟s why so many issues remain problematic for initiation e-services in local government. The current stages of municipalities within Kathmandu Valley were investigated by using four stage e-government maturity model (information, interaction, transaction, integration). An understanding of the current status of e-government in local government can help policy makers in the country pursue development of the public sector organizations on the one hand, and would be of importance for Nepal's economic future success on the other. Identifying the precise problem is important in order to overcome the inherent challenges. Valuable primary data is collected from questionnaire survey and content analysis. Different challenges regarding initiation of e-based services in municipalities are categories into Financial, Human, Organizational, Technical and Legal & other challenges. The current status of e-based services delivery initiatives in Municipalities and problematic challenges in implementation of e-based services initiatives were being investigated. Lack of strategic plans, change management, budget constraint, weak infrastructure, literacy, lack of construction knowledge, lacks of leadership supports, security and privacy are found to be the most problematic challenges regarding implementation of e-service in municipalities.
One Demonstration Imitation Learning

We develop a new algorithm for imitation learning from a single expert demonstration. In contrast to many previous one-shot imitation learning approaches, our algorithm does not assume access to more than one expert demonstration during the training phase. Instead, we leverage an exploration policy to acquire unsupervised trajectories, which are then used to train both an encoder and a context-aware imitation policy. The optimization procedures for the encoder, imitation learner, and exploration policy are all tightly linked. This linking creates a feedback loop wherein the exploration policy collects new demonstrations that challenge the imitation learner, while the encoder attempts to help the imitation policy to the best of its abilities. We evaluate our algorithm on 6 MujoCo robotics tasks.
Conceptualising critical data literacies for civil society organisations: agency, care, and social responsibility

ABSTRACT This article develops a sociotechnical conceptualisation of data literacies in relation to citizens’ data practices: highlighting the agentic, contextual, critical, and social aspects of data skills and competencies, it frames data literacies as both discursive and material. In order for civil society organisations to make sense of big, small, open and other data they need multiple skills, beyond the technical; it is, therefore, unhelpful to talk about a single form of data literacy. It is more helpful to consider how such literacies in the plural develop within the material social contexts of civic cultures, and how they can progress in tandem with critical awareness about the power aspects of data, so they can become central tenets of data advocacy. The primary purpose of the article is to move forward the debate around how to conceptualise data literacy – and to question how far the concept is useful in the first place. The article draws on empirical research and starts from the premise that it is imperative to develop frameworks and training schemes that enable civil society actors and publics more generally to use open data, to make data more relevant to stakeholders, and to support their engagement in policy debates around datafication.
A Study on Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Poisoning in Children in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Poisoning is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in paediatric age group. Objective of this study was to determine the pattern of poisoning in paediatric age group in respect to epidemiological characteristics, aetiology, clinical features and mortality in a major part of South Bengal. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study conducted in the paediatric medicine ward and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Burdwan Medical College from January, 2015 to December, 2015.All children in the age group of less than or equal to 12 years who visited the paediatric emergency with history of exposure to toxic substances were included in the study. Poisoning due to insect or animal bite was excluded from the study. Data was obtained from hospital records and the admission register of paediatric emergency, entered in the Microsoft excel sheet and analysed by using statistical software SPSS version 17. Results: During the study period, 393 patients with poisoning were reported, which was 1.9% of all pediatric admissions. Majority were in the 1-3 year age group (59.6%). Volatile hydrocarbons accounted for the highest proportion of poisonings (153 cases, 38.9%). GI system involvement (36.5 %) was most common. The total mortality of poisoning patients was 8. Conclusion: Number of children, presenting with poisoning was higher in our study in comparison to other studies. Volatile hydrocarbons were common source of poisoning in our study. More epidemiological studies are required to identify socio-demographic risk factors of poisoning. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(2):105-109.
The immunophenotypic analysis of chronic lymphoid leukemias

Flow cytometry immunophenotyping has become a useful tool in the daily practice of onco-hematologists, in particular for the diagnosis of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. This review will focus on the use of flow cytometry in the clinico-pathological approach to the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic lymphoid leukemias. The availability of new monoclonal antibodies and the routine use of multiparametric and quantitative techniques have improved the diagnostic utility of immunophenotypic analysis. Multiparametric immunophenotyping allows the detection of aberrant antigen co-expression, the analysis of heterogeneity and clonality of malignant cells, and the characterization of the various disease entities based on differential density of antigen expression. Such an approach is important not only for the differential diagnosis of a particular disorder but also for the definition of prognostically different immunophenotypical features.
Pediatric Malignant Pleural Effusion

The pleural cavity is a thin layer of the sac that is lined with a serous membrane that encloses the lungs and separates it from the thoracic cage. There is an inner layer covering the surface of the lungs called the visceral pleura. The outer layer is the parietal pleural. A minuscule amount of fluid that is approximately 10 microliters thick can be found between the 2 layers. The amount of fluid in the pleural cavity is regulated by a fine balance in the oncotic and hydrostatic pressures between the pleural space and the intravascular components coupled with the perilymphatic drainage. The Frank-Starling law controls this process.Transudates are formed when there is a disturbance in the fine balance between the production of pleural fluid and its absorption. There are several factors involved in the formation of exudates. Protein and other substances are removed from the pleural cavity via lymphatic lacuna and preformed stoma. Chest wall movement and respiratory dynamics enhance the process of removal of these substances via the lymphatic route.The pleural cavity also contains cells, some macrophages, red blood cells, and lymphocytes. The amount of fluids and cells in the pleural space can changes considerably in pathologic conditions.The visceral pleura receives it bloods supply from bronchial circulation whole the parietal pleura receives its supplies from the intercostal arteries make the 2 layers 2 distinct anatomic structures. The visceral part of the pleura does not have any sensory nerve, on the contrary, the parietal part of the pleura has a rich network of sensory nerve making it very sensitive to painful stimuli. The pleural cavity aids in the mechanics of inspiration and expiration during breathing. Kampmeier's foci are a collection of lymphoreticular and mesothelial cells which acts as “guard” by preventing the entry of undesirable substances from the pleural cavity into the media in the chest wall and mediastinum.Pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity. The mechanism by which fluid accumulates in the pleural cavity is outlined below:
Geodesic Tomography Problems on Riemannian Manifolds

This PhD dissertation is concerned with integral geometric inverse problems. The geodesic ray transform is an operator that encodes the line integrals of a function along geodesics. The dissertation establishes many conditions when such information determines a function uniquely and stably. A new numerical model for computed tomography imaging is created as a part of the dissertation. The introductory part of the dissertation contains an introduction to inverse problems and mathematical models associated to computed tomography. The main focus is in definitions of integral geometry problems, survey of the related literature, and introducing the main results of the dissertation. A list of important open problems in integral geometry is given. The four articles of the dissertation (arXiv:1705.10126, arXiv:1901.03525, arXiv:1906.05046, arXiv:1909.00495) are now published in various journals and the content of the document has not been updated since November 11, 2019. These four articles are omitted from this document which contains only the introductory part. Extended abstracts are given in the document in English and Finnish.
Effect of Suboccipital Release on Pain Perception and Autonomic Reflex Responses to Ischemic and Cold Pain.

OBJECTIVE/SUBJECTS To determine the autonomic effects of suboccipital release (SOR) during experimentally induced pain, 16 healthy subjects (eight women, eight men) experienced ischemic (forearm postexercise muscle ischemia [PEMI]) and cold (cold pressor test [CPT]) pain. DESIGN Beat-to-beat heart rate (electrocardiogram), mean arterial blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), baroreflex sensitivity (transfer function analysis), and pain perception were measured. SOR or a sham (modified yaw; 30 cycles/min) was performed in minute 2 of pain. RESULTS PEMI increased blood pressure by 23 ± 2 and 20 ± 2 mmHg; no differences occurred between SOR or yaw. PEMI modestly elevated heart rate during ischemia, followed by significant reduction from baseline with SOR (-3 ± 2 bpm) and yaw (-4 ± 2 bpm); no differences were observed between treatments. CPT increased blood pressure (SOR = 11 ± 1, yaw = 9 ± 2 mmHg) and heart rate (SOR = 10 ± 2, yaw = 8 ± 3 bpm) before SOR and yaw. Neither treatment nor sham blunted blood pressure increases (SOR = 25 ± 2, yaw = 22 ± 2 mmHg) during CPT; both decreased heart rate (SOR = -3 ± 2, yaw = -2 ± 2 bpm) from baseline. PEMI and CPT caused increased pain without treatment modulation. Following pain and manual intervention, SOR increased baroreflex sensitivity in the 0.15-0.35 Hz range and decreased R-R interval power spectral density in the 0.03-0.5 Hz range compared with yaw. To probe potential mechanisms and interactions between manual treatment and a prototypic analgesic, oral aspirin (967 mg) was given 60 minutes before testing to reduce prostaglandin synthesis. Aspirin slightly attenuated pain but neither altered cardiovascular changes to PEMI nor interacted with SOR or yaw. CONCLUSIONS SOR has the capacity to modulate pain-induced autonomic control and regulation.
Exploring knowledge broker influences on sharing and use of evidence for health policy and practice in low- and middle-income countries

Little is known about how intermediaries called knowledge brokers work in low- and middle-income countries to help move evidence into policy and practice to improve health outcomes. The aim of this PhD research project was to understand how knowledge brokers spread and mobilize evidence in multiple countries and regions in the context of an internationally funded global health program. It used case studies, interviews, and surveys of nearly 600 health professionals in more than 65 countries. Findings show knowledge brokers participating in the studies worked in multiple roles in healthcare systems and used their professional networks to help policymakers, healthcare providers, and others adapt evidence for use in the local context. They exhibited attributes such as a “can-do” spirit to overcome challenges in implementing evidence. Knowledge brokers were influenced in selecting evidence by having an opportunity to share it during their professional duties, how well the evidence fit their professional role, successes in using the evidence in similar contexts, and how well it fit the healthcare decision-making culture of the country. Initiatives to increase evidence uptake should consider strengthening the use of knowledge brokers in health organizations and building their capacity to work across countries and regions.
Structure-based inhibitors reveal roles for the clathrin terminal domain and its W-box binding site in CME

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) occurs via the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles from clathrin-coated pits (CCPs). Clathrin is recruited to CCPs through interactions between the AP2 complex and its N-terminal domain (TD), which in turn recruits endocytic accessory proteins. Inhibitors of CME that interfere with clathrin function have been described, but their specificity and mechanisms of action are unclear. Here we show that overexpression of the TD with or without the distal leg specifically inhibits CME and CCP dynamics by perturbing clathrin interactions with AP2 and SNX9. We designed small membrane-penetrating peptides that mimic the four known binding sites on the TD. A peptide, Wbox2, designed to mimic to the W-box motif binding surface on TD binds to SNX9 and AP2, and potently and acutely inhibits CME, while not perturbing AP1-dependent lysosomal trafficking from the Golgi or bulk, fluid phase endocytosis. Summary Chen et al define the role the N-terminal domain (TD) of clathrin heavy chain in early and late stages of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and guided by its structure, design a membrane-penetrating peptide, Wbox2, that acutely and potently inhibits CME.
An Unusual Presentation of Low Grade Central Osteosarcoma in the Distal Femur of a Sixty-eight Year Old Male Mimicking Fibrocartilaginous Mesenchymoma

Low grade central osteosarcoma is a rare intramedullary bone tumor that presents a diagnostic challenge due to its radiographic and histologic overlap with other low grade intraosseous lesions. Here we report a case of a 68 year old male presenting with local pain in the right distal thigh. An MRI study showed a 4.8 cm lesion in the metadiaphysis of the distal femur with extension into the cortex and aggressive periosteal reaction. Multiple biopsies were performed in an attempt to reach a conclusive diagnosis: 1) A CT guided FNA and biopsy revealed a low nuclear grade spindle cell neoplasm with new bone formation; 2) Subsequent core biopsy showed bland cartilage with no atypical features and reactive new bone formation; 3) An excisional biopsy was reported as a matrix (hyaline cartilage and bone) producing neoplasm showing features most consistent with fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma. Due to uncertain malignant potential, the patient underwent complete resection of the distal femur with the final diagnosis of low grade central osteosarcoma. Molecular studies performed showed lack of CPM amplification. This case report illustrates the diagnostic challenge of an atypical case of low grade central osteosarcoma. It required multiple procedures, molecular studies, and correlating the histology to the radiology and clinical picture to arrive at the correct diagnosis. [N A J Med Sci. 2016;9(2):78-82. DOI: 10.7156/najms.2016. 0902078]
Measuring Expectation for an Affordance Gap on a Smartphone User Interface and its Usage Among Older Adults

: The smartphone has become a ubiquitous mobile communication tool that plays a crucial role in the daily lives for Malaysian older adults. However, it is not easy for older adults to learn new interaction modes and adopt the smartphone user interface. In this paper, we aim to examine the affordances of a smartphone user interface and its usage by older adults through the lens of Norman’s execution/evaluation action cycle (EEAC) framework. A mobile-user interaction study was administered with four tasks. A paired sample t -test was conducted to analyze the affordance gap between different levels of expectation. The results revealed that three tasks (making phone calls, adding contacts, and using WhatsApp) were statistically different; the exception was installing mobile apps. The results underscore the importance of mobile apps designers incorporating older adults’ needs and expectations as a means to reduce the affordance gap.
Reviewing Problem-based Learning (PBL) together: A Case study of a PBL programme in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin

Problem-based Learning (PBL) is a popular approach to learning in disciplines that value the theory to practice connection. Its origins have been in disciplines such as medicine and other health sciences. In UCD, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine has integrated problem based learning into its curriculum as one of the approaches to learning. It is used alongside other formats such as lectures, practicals and clinical experiences. It therefore uses a hybrid approach to the Problem-based Learning (Armstrong, 1991).
Electrodeposition of Sn–In Alloys Involving Deep Eutectic Solvents

Tin–indium alloys represent attractive lead-free solder candidates. They show lower values of melting point than pure indium, so that they are investigated as materials with significant applications potential in the electronic industry. Electrodeposition is a very convenient route to prepare Sn–In alloys. The paper presents several experimental results regarding the electrodeposition of Sn–In alloy coatings involving deep eutectic solvents (DESs), namely using choline chloride-ethylene glycol eutectic mixtures. The influence of the main operating parameters on the Sn–In alloy composition and characteristics are presented. Adherent and uniform Sn–In alloy deposits containing 10–65 wt % In have been obtained on Cu substrates. The In content was found to increase as both the In:Sn molar concentration ratio of ionic species in the electrolyte and the applied temperature increased. The use of pulsed current allowed the use of higher current densities leading to slightly higher values of In content in the alloy deposit. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the presence of InSn4 and In3Sn phases in agreement with the phase diagram. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements, values of melting points in the range of 118.6 and 127.5 °C were obtained depending on the alloy composition. The solder joints’ behavior and alloy coatings corrosion performance were also discussed.
Single-nucleus RNA-Seq reveals a new type of brown adipocyte regulating thermogenesis

Adipose tissue usually is classified as either white, brown or beige/brite, based on whether it functions as an energy storage or thermogenic organ(Cannon and Nedergaard, 2004; Rosen and Spiegelman, 2014). It serves as an important regulator of systemic metabolism, exemplified by the fact that dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity leads to a host of secondary metabolic complications such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer(Hajer et al., 2008; Lauby-Secretan et al., 2016). In addition, adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ, which regulates the function of other metabolic tissues through paracrine and endocrine signals(Scheele and Wolfrum, 2019; Scherer, 2006). Work in recent years has demonstrated that tissue heterogeneity is an important factor regulating the functionality of various organs(Cao et al., 2017; Ginhoux et al., 2016; Park et al., 2018). Here we used single nucleus analysis in mice and men to deconvolute adipocyte heterogeneity. We are able to identify a novel subpopulation of adipocytes whose abundance is low in mice (2-8%) and which is increased under higher ambient temperatures. Interestingly, this population is abundant in humans who live close to thermoneutrality. We demonstrate that this novel adipocyte subtype functions as a paracrine cell regulating the activity of brown adipocytes through acetate-mediated regulation of thermogenesis. These findings could explain, why human brown adipose tissue is substantially less active than mouse tissue and targeting this pathway in humans might be utilized to restore thermogenic activity of this tissue.
Digitization of Taxation in the Changing Business Environment & Base Erosion & Profit Shifting (Beps) Special Reference to India

The ever-increasing digitization of businesses around the world is forcing tax authorities to re-look at the way they regulate compliance of tax rules by the tax payers and collect more efficiently taxes that are due. Most of the tax laws were framed in the 20th century and may no longer be relevant in the digitized world of the 21st century. This paper looks at the need for enhanced methods of tax administration and collection in view of the digitization of businesses, the threat of Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) and the need for rapid digitization of tax administration. The paper also focuses on the role played by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the advancement in tax administration achieved by various countries with special reference to India. It is observed that as many as 115 countries are aggressively moving towards digitization as a result of call by OECD for greater co-operation. India, though not part of the OECD, has implemented many measures, especially bilateral tax treaties with 50 countries and is also earnestly pursuing digitization to improve tax collection.