Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Body Image, Self Esteem, and Health related Quality of Life in Patients with Crohn's Disease

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the degrees of body image, self esteem and Health Related Quality Of Life (HRQOL), and to identify factors related to these variables in patients with Crohn’s disease. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used. The 148 participants were the patients with Crohn’s disease, recruited conveniently from one metropolitan hospital located in Seoul, Korea. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN program. Results: Patients with severe illness activity reported significantly lower body images than those of the others. Education levels and working states affected self-esteem positively, while the number of operations and illness activity affected self-esteem negatively. Hospitalization and illness activity affected HRQOL negatively. Body image, self esteem, and HRQOL were positively correlated to each other with statistical significance. Illness activity was a common factor to affect body image, self esteem, and HRQOL. Body image was an influential factor on HRQOL as well as illness activity in patients with Crohn’s disease. Conclusion: As a result, this study suggested a necessity for developing an intervention study to lower the illness activity and heighten the body image among the patients with Crohn’s disease.
Reducing the Digital Divide in Vulnerable Communities in Southeastern Mexico

In the XXI century, it is crucial for people belonging to vulnerable and highly marginalized communities have access to telecommunications and have the minimum skills required to use technology, as they are rapidly becoming a tool for transmitting and obtaining information. In today information society, remains a digital divide between those who have access to technological computing resources and Internet, and those who do not, presenting a constant challenge for the development of our people. This paper analyzes the impact of a mixed training program, called: REBREDIG-PJA for the reduction of the digital divide in young and adult people from a vulnerable community in southeastern Mexico, which presents high levels of social marginalization. The results of this study are discussed under the guidelines of the National Development Plan (2013-2018) and the National Digital Strategy (2013) for Mexico and are compared with the guidelines stated in the State Development Plan (2012-2018) for Yucatan.
Illicit Financial Flows: Concepts, Measurement, and Evidence

There is a growing consensus that the presence of illegal and harmful cross-border financial flows is one of the factors impeding economic and human development. In recent years, a new conceptual framework for describing these “illicit” financial flows (IFFs) has emerged that combines issues ranging from cross-border money laundering to tax evasion. This article summarizes and clarifies recent empirical work in this area. Three types of studies are considered and critiqued: (i) methods of measuring IFFs, (ii) constructed risk indicators, and (iii) forensic studies that aim to uncover instances where illicit flows have occurred. The article discusses the limitations of all three approaches and proposes ways in which the research agenda on IFFs could be reasonably advanced, given the hidden nature of the subject.
A Comparative Study of Three Non-invasive Systems for Measurement of Hemoglobin with HemoCue System Having Coulter LH750 as Reference Value

Blood and blood components are essential for treatment, support of patients and surgeries. These products come from the solidarity of our non-remunerated blood donors who must meet selection criteria in order to avoid risks to themselves and to the receptors. Selection criteria are based on scientific evidence reflected in different national and European regulation.1,2 On the other hand to achieve greater transfusion safety for our patients needs a greater frequency of donations from the blood donors so there are a consequent risk of anemia and one of the requirements for blood donation is the measurement of Hemoglobin or/and Hematocrit in the donor, in order to avoid such risk and protect their health.3 Hemoglobin values are limited for blood donation in different geographical areas. For instance, 12.5 and 13g/dl for men and women respectively in Brazil,4 12.5g/dl in the USA5,6 and 13.5g/dl for men and 12.5g/ dl for woman in Europe (including Spain), as published by Europe’s Council,1 which also determines donors can donate blood 4 and 3 times in 1 year respectively.1,2 Failure to provide such value at the moment of the donation represents the largest percentage of exclusion in blood donors in different countries, being higher in females than in male.7–10 In our center, where the excluding donors index is 6.87% throughout the area we cover, Hb exclusion accounts for 45.70% of all the exclusions (3.13% of donors are excluded for this reason), being this the deferral cause in 32.62 % of men and 53.70% of women respectively.
CONTACT – communication protocol for family practitioners and specialists

Introduction. Ability to gather and process medical data serves as a basic tool of doctor’s work, which can be improved by applying communication protocols. In most cases, however, instructions presented by such models are too general and do not take into account patients’ preferences. Material and Methods. The study was carried out in the form of an electronic questionairre sent to a randomly chosen group of adult patients (N = 967). It consisted of close-ended questions about the quality of communication skills of family practitioners and specialists working at outpatient clinics and health centers. Results. Only 21% of patients claimed that the appointment started on time. 51% mentioned disruptions during the meeting, mainly by a third party (34%). A considerable majority of physicians carried out the interview in a manner that was understood by patients, nevertheless 56.6% of the respondents felt underinformed as far as the nature of their illness was concerned – these objections were mostly expressed by patients suffering from chronic diseases. Conclusions. Our research shows that a proper organization of work as well as observing the principles of appropriate clinical communication can facilitate doctors’ performance, and thus increase both the level of patients’ satisfaction and the quality of medical services.
Outdoor atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel and weathering steel exposed to the tropical‐coastal climate of Thailand

This study focuses on atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel and weathering steel exposed at two different locations with dissimilar meteorological parameters and airborne pollutants in Thailand. The samples are subjected to an outdoor atmosphere for up to 36 months at Rayong, close to the Gulf of Thailand, and Phangnga, near the Andaman Sea. Thickness loss (µm), corrosion rate (µm/year) together with corrosion product morphology and composition are systematically analyzed using X‐ray diffraction and a scanning electron microscope. Corrosion resistance of the tested steels exposed at both locations is discussed based on the above‐mentioned parameters and calculated corrosion kinetics. The results indicate that the total time of wetness, amount of rainfall and chloride deposition rate play an important role in corrosion behavior of the tested steels. Alloying elements, copper, chromium and nickel, are shown to improve corrosion resistance of the samples when exposed at the location with a higher chloride concentration.
Toilet Training and Influencing Factors that Affect Initiation and Duration of Training: A Cross Sectional Study

Objectives: Aim of this study was to determine the pattern of toilet training (TT) in Jordan, the factors that are related to the initiation age, duration and the methods of training used among different sociocultural groups. Methods: Mothers of 1257 children attending pediatric clinics at Jordan University Hospital were directly interviewed. Results: Mean initiation and completion ages were 22.5 ± 6.50 and 26.48 ± 9.37 months respectively. Families living in urban settlement, first child in family, child-oriented approach, working mothers and mothers with higher level of education started training later. The duration of toilet training was 5.80 ± 8.06 weeks and it was shorter in families who used the child-oriented approach. Intensive method was used in 59.4%, child-oriented in 40.6%. Young mothers used more frequently the intensive method. Constipation and stool toilet refusal developed in 15.4% and 15.1% respectively and there was a significant association between constipation and older age of starting toilet training. Conclusions: Intensive method of training is more popular in our country and the initiation and completion age are earlier than in other countries. The age of initiation may be increased as parents are better educated and a child-oriented approach becomes more popular than the intensive approach.
The Correlation between knowledge and self-efficacy in preventing the spread of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that the current situation of Tuberculosis (TB) worldwide is getting worse. Based on the survey conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (2011) on the prevalence of TB in 2009, knowledge shows that 76% of families have heard about TB and 85% know that TB can be cured, but only 26% can mention two signs and symptoms main TB. The mode of transmission of TB is understood by 51% of families and only 19% know that TB drugs are available for free. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy about prevention of transmission in lung tuberculosis patients. Methods : The research design used was correlational with the cross-sectional approach. The population is lung TB patients in the working area of Ponggok Puskesmas. Sampling technique using purposive sampling with a sample of 20 respondents. The data collected was then processed and analyzed using spearman-rho statistic test with a significance value of 0.05. Results : The results showed significance value p = 0,001 (p <0,05). Thus there is a relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy about prevention of transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis. Discussion : Knowledge is one factor that plays a role in the formation of self-efficacy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
In/gratitude? Library acknowledgement in theses and dissertations at a distinguished African university

Giving credit to where it is due is common across cultures. In research, researchers widely express their gratitude to those who would have contributed to their studies in one way or the other under the acknowledgements section. In most cases, the selection of who to acknowledge remains the prerogative of the author. The purpose of this study was to review acknowledgements in Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) with a special focus on the acknowledgement accorded to the library and librarians at the North-West University in South Africa. This was done in order to determine the perceived value of librarians as partners in the research process by postgraduate students. The study followed a two pronged approach in which bibliometrics and survey research methods were used. In the case of the bibliometrics, ETDs completed between 2012 and 2018 were reviewed. Regarding the survey, both print and online questionnaires were used to gather data from postgraduate students. Excel spreadsheets and QuestionPro software were used to analyse the data. The study findings indicate that supervisors of research work topped the list of acknowledgees followed by family, friends and colleagues. The library/librarian acknowledgements, were among the least with only 15% of ETDs giving gratitude to the library/librarians. However, like in previous studies, it was observed that library/librarians were mentioned in other parts of the ETDs, apart from the acknowledgements section. The results further indicate that the majority of the surveyed participants, held acknowledgements in high esteem. The paper will go a long way in adding value to a body of existing literature which is largely from the developed world. It may also stimulate interest for related studies in other developing countries.
Pulmonary Fungal Co-Infection Prevalence among Iranian Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tuberculosis (TB) is further aggravated if it is accompanied with fungal co-infection. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pulmonary fungal co-infection among Iranian patients with pulmonary TB using a systematic review and meta-analysis. The present study was a review of cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of pulmonary fungal co-colonization among Iranian patients with pulmonary TB with regard to the PRISMA Protocol. To this end, the articles published online in English and Persian were searched on the main databases and gateways such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, Magiran, Irandoc, and Scientific Information Databases. The reviews of the literatures published online from 2000 to the end of 2018 were included in the study. The keywords used for searching through the databases were pulmonary fungal co-infection with pulmonary TB, pulmonary mycosis co-infection with pulmonary TB, pulmonary fungal colonization/agents with pulmonary TB, AND Iran. Finally, the collected data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. The analyses showed that the prevalence of fungal co-infection among patients with pulmonary TB varied from 12.3-68.8, and that the combined prevalence of fungal co-infection among patients with pulmonary TB was 17.4. Amongst the fungi involved in co-infection with TB, Candida spp. was the most predominant with the prevalence of 6.9, followed by Aspergillus spp. (3.2). Moreover, the highest prevalence of Aspergillus spp. was observed for Aspergillus fumigatus (1.6). The most frequent Candida spp. was Candida albicans with a frequency of 6. The findings showed that the combined prevalence of fungal co-infection among Iranian patients with pulmonary TB was high. In this regard, among the fungi involved in co-infection with TB, Candida spp. was the most frequent. © 2019 Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. All rights reserved.
Ventilatory disturbances in patients with intrathoracic sarcoidosis – a study from a functional and histological perspective

Background: Although sarcoidosis is commonly considered a restrictive disorder, more recent studies demonstrated opposite results. Objectives: To determine the prevalent functional pattern in patients with intrathoracic sarcoidosis and to assess the role of granulomatous inflammation in determining ventilatory disturbances. Methods: We included 144 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with sarcoidosis, who were evaluated by chest radiography, chest high resolution computer tomography, pulmonary function tests and dyspnea score. Additionally, endobronchial and transbronchial biopsies were performed to a subset of 78 patients. Results: We obtained a wide range of ventilatory abnormalities that characterize airways impairment: FEV1/FVC<70% - in 14 (9.7%) cases, low MMEF25-75 - in 69 (47.9%) patients, increased RV/TLC - in 65 (45.1%) subjects, while the subjects with restrictive defects was observed in a minority of cases - 7 (4.9%). Decreased DLCO was found in 100 (69.4%) individuals, in the majority of cases with mild changes. Patients in whom endobronchial biopsy showed granuloma had worse ventilatory results versus those in whom they have not been detected, with significant differences in FEV1 and MMEF25-75. We found significant correlations between radiological stage and pulmonary function tests. Dyspnea score (mMRC scale) in our cohort reflected lung volumes and DLCO modifications. Conclusion: The dominant functional abnormality in patients with intrathoracic sarcoidosis is obstruction, which affects the entire length of the bronchial tree causing a wide range of airways impairment and altered gas diffusion. These functional disturbances are prevalent from early stages of the disease and have a tendency to coexist with restriction as the disease advances. Granulomatous inflammation seems to have an important role in determining obstructive defect, even from “infra-radiological” stages. (Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2017; 34: 58-67)
Industrial Tail Exposure Risk and Cross-Section of Returns in REIT Market

We examine whether systematic tail risk premium exists in the cross-section of real estate investment trusts. Using US equity REITs data from 1993 to 2018, we obtain systematic tail risk of REITs by estimating their industrial tail exposure risk (ITER) based on extreme value theory. We find that REITs in highest ITER decile outperforms REITs in lowest ITER decile by 11.5% per annum. The impact of ITER remains significant after controlling for well-kwon firm and return factors. The positive return premium is not explained by traditional systematic tail risk based on left-tail market return. Thus, our results suggest that REITs investors are averse to crash events, especially associated with multiple industries rather than aggregate market alone.
Pattern of Burn Injuries in Preschool Children

Background and Objectives: Burn is one of the most common causes of injury in the world. Burnt patients have a longer period of hospitalization than other trauma patients. It also leads to long-term disfigurement, disability, psychological consequences and delayed growth and development in children. Improvement of our information about how and where the burn occurs is the first step in burn injury prevention in children Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from pre-school children that those hospitalized in the Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran from September 2014 to September 2015. Hospital information system was used in this study with respect to Helsinki declaration about ethical issues. SPSS 11.5 software was used for data collection Results: In a calendar year, 182 (26%) out of 701 of acute burn patients were pre-school children that burn was more common in boys than girls (59.3% to 40.7%). More than 90% of burns were occurred in residential homes and kitchens with 112 cases (61.5%) was the most common place for burn injury in pre-school children. All burn injuries occurred because of thermal energy and none of them have occurred as a result of electrical or chemical origin. The percentage of burn incidents with hot liquid were (62.6%) of which hot water’s share was 54.9% as the most common liquid. 3.85% of burns led to death, of which, gas explosion was the most common cause. Conclusion: The majority of burn incidences were at the residential homes and especially in the kitchens which signifies the importance of parental surveillance and educating children about safety issues. Educational booklets about simple safety issues and proper use of kitchenware, especially those that deal with boiling water could be helpful. With regard to the main reason of mortality (gas explosion) paternal role should not be ignored. How to cite this article: Ahmadabadi A, Tavousi SH, Sedaghat A, Khadem Rezaeyan M, Yaghoubi Moghaddam Z, Lalavi Z. Pattern of burns injury in preschool children. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2016; 4(4): 225-30.
The prevalence of depression in patients with diabetes in Iran

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorders in diabetic patients. This study was performed for evaluating the prevalence of depression in Iranian diabetic patients with meta-analysis method. METHODS: This review study was conducted according to PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. Two independent researchers with using Mesh keywords for archive literature was conducted a comprehensive search on the national and international databases including Magiran, IranMedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Springer, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library and Google Scholar search engine without any time limit to March 2016. I2 index and Cochran test was used to assess heterogeneity of studies. The data were combined using Random Effects Model by Stata software (ver.11.1). RESULTS: Forty-one studies involving 9.491 diabetic patients were collected in this meta-analysis. The prevalence of depression among Iranian diabetic patients was estimated 61 (95 CI Confidence Interval: 55-67). This rate in males and females diabetic was 49.7% (95% CI: 33.9-65.5) and 65.6% (95% CI: 51.8-79.5), respectively. The minimum and maximum depression prevalence was obtained in West (55%) and East (66%) regions of Iran, respectively. 25.8%, 20.5%, 13.8% and 3.6% respectively indicate mild, moderate and severe and very severe depression. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depression in diabetic patients in Iran is high. So the routine psychology counseling is necessary to diagnose and treatment of the depression in these patients. © 2017, Babol University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Identification of F5 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Gastric Cancer

Association of Coagulation factor V (F5) polymorphisms with the occurrence of many types of cancers has been widely reported, but whether it is of prognostic relevance in some cancers remain to be resolved. The RNA-sequencing dataset was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The potential of F5 genes to predict the survival time of gastric cancer (GC) patients was investigated using univariate and multivariate survival analysis whereas “Kaplan-Meier plotter” (KM-plotter) online tools were employed to validate the outcomes. TCGA data revealed that F5 mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in gastric cancer samples. Survival analysis confirmed that high levels of F5 mRNA correlated with short overall survival (OS) in gastric cancer patients, and the area under the curve (AUC) values of 1-, 2-, and 5-year OS rate were 0.554, 0.593, and 0.603, respectively. Survival analysis by KM-plotter indicated that the high expression of F5 mRNA was significantly associated with a shorter OS compared with the low expression level in all patients with GC, and this was also the case for patients in stage III (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.78, P = 0.017). These findings suggest that the F5 gene is significantly upregulated in GC tumour tissues, and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for GC.