Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disability Human Rights Law 2018

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is a modern human rights treaty with innovative components. It impacts on disability studies as well as human rights law. Two innovations are scrutinized in this article: the model of disability and the equality and discrimination concepts of the CRPD. It is argued that the CRPD manifests a shift from the medical model to the human rights model of disability. Six propositions are offered why and how the human rights model differs from the social model of disability. It is further maintained that the CRPD introduces a new definition of discrimination into international public law. The underlying equality concept can be categorized as transformative equality with both individual and group oriented components. The applied methodology of this research is legal doctrinal analysis and disability studies model analysis. The main finding is that the human rights model of disability improves the social model of disability. Three different models of disability can be attributed to different concepts of equality. The medical model corresponds with formal equality, while the social model with substantive equality and the human rights model can be linked with transformative equality.
Together We can Figure It out: Groups Find Hospitality Robots Easier to Use and Interact With Them More than Individuals

As robots are becoming more prevalent and entering hospitality settings, understanding how different configurations of individuals and groups interact with them becomes increasingly important for catering to various people. This is especially important because group dynamics can affect people’s perceptions of situations and behavior in them. We present research examining how individuals and groups interact with and accept a humanoid robot greeter at a real-world café (Study 1) and in an online study (Study 2). In each study, we separately examine interactions of individuals, groups that participants formed after they arrived at the café (new-formed groups), and groups that participants arrived with at the café (pre-formed groups). Results support prior findings that groups are more likely to interact with a public robot than individuals (Study 1). We also report novel findings that new-formed groups interacted more with the robot than pre-formed groups (Study 1). We link this with groups perceiving the robot as more positive and easier to use (Study 2). Future research should examine perceptions of the robot immediately after interaction and in different hospitality contexts.
Developing climate-responsive cities: exploring the environmental role of interstitial spaces of Santiago de Chile

Drawing upon a range of writing on suburbanisation and urban sprawl, this paper outlines an approach to the analysis of interstitial spaces of urban sprawl. Such spaces are the outlying geography of metropolitan regions existing in-between developed or urbanised areas. As such, they constitute an eclectic mix of open spaces, natural areas, obsolete infrastructures, geographical restrictions, farming land, etc, that alternatively contribute to the city�s environmental and functional performance. Despite being identified in the literature, there has been little recognition of interstitial spaces as part of the environmental sustainability of urban systems, and how they support cities in improving their resilience and adaptation capacities. Using the case of Santiago de Chile, this paper highlights an environmental approach to studying the interstices and the need to examine such spaces at different scales linked to their respective environmental potentials.
Association between Pulpal-Periapical Pathology and Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review

Several studies have linked apical periodontitis and systemic diseases. The aim of this study is to present a systematic review of the available literature investigating whether there is an association between pulpal-periapical pathology and autoimmune disease. The review was conducted following the PRISMA statement. A literature search was performed in five databases. Studies involving patients with pulpal-periapical pathology and autoimmune diseases were included in the review. Based on the PICO model, the research question aimed to assess whether there is an increased risk of developing pulpal-periapical pathology in patients with autoimmune disease. Article selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed using an adapted version of the STROBE guidelines. A total of seven studies were included in our review. The types of articles were five case-control and two cross-sectional studies. Periapical pathologies were associated to three autoimmune diseases (diabetes mellitus I, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease). Among the included studies, four show a low risk of bias, while three present a moderate risk. There could be an association between apical periodontitis and autoimmune diseases, although most studies report statistically non-significant associations.
Choice of tree holes as oviposition sites by Kurixalus eiffingeri on Iriomote Island

Oviposition site choice affects survival and growth of offspring, particularly in frogs in which the offspring cannot move from the oviposition site. We intended to find the features of tree holes used for oviposition by Kurixalus eiffingeri on Iriomote Island. We measured eight tree hole variables to determine which should be included in the best model to explain breeding use by K. eiffingeri. Out of 32 tree holes examined, we found five that were used for oviposition. The best model included the height above the ground and angle of opening. Higher located tree holes and a larger opening angle were associated with more frequent oviposition by K. eiffingeri. This trend may be due to the higher predation risk in lower tree holes with a steeper opening. The importance of the height of the breeding site above ground was also noted in a previous study on bamboo stumps in Taiwan, but the opening angle was only salient in this study. Our study suggested that the same species in different ecosystems may use different criteria when choosing oviposition sites.
Tomographic airborne limb sounder retrievals on irregular grid
with second order regularisation

Abstract. Multiple limb sounder measurements of the same atmospheric region taken from different directions can be combined in a 3D tomographic retrieval. Mathematically, this is a computationally expensive inverse modelling problem. It typically requires an introduction of some general knowledge of the atmosphere (regularisation) due to its underdetermined nature. This paper introduces a consistent, physically motivated (no ad-hoc unphysical parameters) variant of the Tikhonov regularisation scheme based on spatial derivatives of first and second order. As shown by a case study with synthetic data, this scheme, combined with irregular grid retrieval methods, improves both upon the quality and the computational cost of 3D tomography, while eliminating grid dependence and the need to tune parameters for each use case. The few physical parameters required can be derived from in situ measurements and model data. An efficient Monte Carlo technique was adopted for retrieval accuracy estimation.
Perkembangan Aspek Sosial-Emosional dan Kegiatan Pembelajaran yang Sesuai untuk Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun

Social-emotional development is one of the most important developmental aspects for every child because it is one of the determinants of his success in the future. Early age is a golden age for every aspect of development, including social-emotional aspects. Therefore, the process of children’s development must always be considered in order to run optimally. This is a library research with the purpose to explain; 1) the theory of social-emotional development, 2) the characteristics of social-emotional development of children aged 4-6 years, 3) resilience in children, and 4) learning activities suitable for children aged 4-6 years in optimizing their social-emotional development. Explanation of the four main topics discussed above will greatly help parents and teachers in understanding and improving children's social-emotional abilities.
Who Is Watching the Children? A Quantitative Analysis of Strategies for Reconciling Work and Parenting during Lockdown in Northern Italy

(1) Background: In their efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, most countries closed schools and kindergartens. To date, little is known about the strategies of working families reconciling work and parenting during repeated lockdown situations. (2) Methods: We performed a quantitative survey of working parents in Italy during a week of ‘hard lockdown’ in February/March 2021. (3) Results: 3725 voluntary adult participants from different households responded. Though officially not allowed, 53.4% of all participants sought help from people outside the nuclear family to bridge the situation, mostly the grandparents (79%; n = 1855). Overall, parental coping strategies included alternating working–childcare-turns with their partner (35%, n = 1316), working early in the morning or during nighttime (23%; n = 850), or leaving the children unattended (25%, n = 929). (4) Conclusions: The closure of schools/kindergartens forcefully shifts the responsibility for childcare onto the nuclear family, where new strategies arose, including health-damaging models of alternating work–childcare-shifts, ‘illegal’ involvement of third parties from outside the nuclear family, as well as neglect of age-related childcare. Our findings underline that working families need additional support strategies during repeated closure of childcare institutions to be able to reduce contact and minimize secondary damage.
Financial constraints and tax planning activity: empirical evidence from Ghanaian banking sector

PurposeThis paper focused on financial constraints scenario and tax planning activities of banks in Ghana. The study explores how financial constraints could motivate the banks to pursue tax planning mechanism and the implication on tax revenue mobilisation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper followed generalised method of moments and fixed effect estimators to investigate the financial constrained-tax planning activity nexus. Simulation approach is adopted to provide financially constrained bank scenario. Besides contemporaneous analysis, sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine time varying effect. Data from all the 20 commercial banks which have operated from 2008 to 2018 were used.FindingsThe paper found that when banks are faced with financial constraints, they exhibit lower cash-effective-tax-rate. The decomposition analysis also revealed that financially constrained banks are likely to take on both short- and long-term tax planning opportunities. The paper also found evidence of persistence in the tax planning activities under financial constrained scenario.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few studies which have extended the tax planning literature to the Ghanaian banking sector. Further novelty is seen from the development of financial constraint scenario from liquidity and solvency. Liquidity and solvency are the anchors for continuity of banking operation and sensitive to regulatory watch and sanctions. Therefore, by applying simulation approach to trigger financial constraints scenarios from these fundamental indicators reveals the extent to which commercial banks rely on tax planning opportunities to mitigate the consequence of financial constraints.
Sustainability of funded pension schemes: A financial position perspective using options

This study offers in-depth knowledge of the socio-economic characteristics of funded pension projects. It is based on the financial position of pension market actors during the transition of the pension system to a more funded capitalized scheme, mainly through the option benefit model. This is possible due to the fact that the economy is not viewed as a single earning cohort. The study analytically demonstrates a socio-economic anomaly in the funded pension system, which is in favor of high-earning cohorts at the expense of low-earning cohorts. This anomaly is realized due to lack of insurance and exposure to financial and systemic risks. Furthermore, the anomaly might lead to the pension re-reform back to an unfunded scheme, mainly due to political pressure. A minimum pension guarantee was found to be a rebalance mechanism to this anomaly, which increases the probability of a sustainable pension scheme. Specifically, it is argued that implementing a guarantee with an intra-generational, risk-sharing mechanism is the most effective way to reduce the impact of this abnormality. Moreover, the paper shows the convergence process toward implementing a minimum pension guarantee in many countries that have capitalized their pension systems during the last three decades, in particular in Latin America and Central and Eastern Europe.
ST Depression in the Setting of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

We present a case report of a patient presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage whose electrocardiogram (ECG) mimicked non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. A 36-year-old male with a past medical history of resistant hypertension, previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, and alcohol abuse presented to the hospital after cardiac arrest. He was taken to the catheterization lab upon arrival and was found to have an unremarkable coronary angiogram. After angiography, computerized tomography (CT) head was performed revealing an acute, large-volume, subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subsequent CT angiogram of the head confirmed this with source noted to be a ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. ST depression on ECG has been reported in patients who have suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Although the most common etiology of cardiac arrest is an acute coronary syndrome, other etiologies based on a patient’s past medical history need to remain in the differential. Recognition of ECG changes may lead to earlier diagnosis and decreased mortality in subarachnoid patients.
The relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction. The mediating role of affect

The present study aims to identify the extent to which positive and negative affect mediate the relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction. A number of 117 participants, employees of different companies and industries participated in this study. The results are in favor the studies’ hypothesizes, suggesting that the relation between neuroticism and job satisfaction is fully mediated by negative affect and partially mediated by positive affect. Finally, limitations, implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Economic and Social Consequences of COVID-19 and Mental Health Burden Among Latinx Young Adults During the 2020 Pandemic.

Latinx young adults 18-25 years old face unique challenges that disproportionately put them at high risk of experiencing health as well as economic and social burden due to the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The present study examined how economic and psychosocial consequences as a result of the pandemic were associated with mental health issues among a community sample of Latinx young adults (N = 83) from Central Texas. Participants completed an online survey of COVID-related experiences and mental health needs. The survey asked about personal and family experiences of COVID-19 in two significant areas: (a) economic strain (e.g., economic hardship, food insecurity) and (b) psychosocial burden (e.g., losing relationships, substance use). Regression analyses examined the association of COVID-19 consequences on level of mental health symptoms and clinically significant outcomes. Relative to economic consequences, psychosocial consequences due to the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with higher levels of mental health symptoms. In contrast, in few cases, economic strain resultant from the pandemic was correlated with clinically significant outcomes among this sample. Collectively, findings suggest that the costs of the pandemic do not only pertain to mortality from illness but also to morbidity as it relates to deteriorating social circumstances and mental health. Findings from this study call for immediate attention to implement policies and programs to help mitigate the economic and social-emotional consequences of COVID-19 such as easy access to low-cost virtual mental health resources to Latinx young adults.
The critical discourse analysis on Joe Biden’s elected president speec

This research discusses critically Joe Biden’s elected president speech on 8 November 2020. The research objectives are the discourse structure and the ideologies contain in Biden’s speech. The research designed is qualitative descriptive which the data source is in form of documentation that is an online transcription of Joe Biden’s speech. The technique to analyze the data, the researcher adopted six CDA steps; problem identification, literature specification, development of code analysis, content analysis and coding, reading and interpretation, and explaining findings. The theory to analyze the speech is Van Djik’s Critical Discourse Analysis Elements; namely macrostructure, microstructure, and superstructure. By applying the CDA elements, the researcher found discourse structures those are macrostructure (thematic)-intertextually, microstructure in two main focused semantics (background, detail, and presupposition), syntaxes analysis (cohesion; who, and, so, etc. and pronoun; I, you, they, we, etc.), stylistic (pronoun; related to certain contexts and lexicon selection to show speakers emphasizes) and rhetoric in term of persuasive function. Then superstructures of the speech are opening, content, and closing remark. The other importance of this research finding is the ideologies stated implicitly and explicitly by Biden, which are unity, equality, and freedom for the US citizens.
Population Viability Analysis for a vulnerable ground-nesting species, the Cape Rockjumper Chaetops frenatus: assessing juvenile mortality as a potential area for conservation management

As an endemic bird to the Fynbos biome, prominently featured in literature and marketing material for the avifauna of the continent, the Cape Rockjumper Chaetops frenatus is an iconic species of South Africa. Building on studies from the past decade, recent publications all point to a vulnerability to climate change due to temperature-related effects on their behaviour, physiology, and life history. Here we present a population viability analysis for the species based on knowledge of recent declines and making use of recently available information on their life history. We combined recent breeding success data (2016–2018) with that of a population monitored approximately two decades ago (1998–2000) and modelled the probability of extinction for four scenarios where the principal change was in juvenile (more accurately, nestling) mortality. We focused on juvenile mortality as there are previously identified areas of vulnerability that present potential areas for mitigation. With juvenile mortality set at the recently recorded rate of 80% there is a 49.1% chance of population extinction within 100 years, despite optimistic adult survival and breeding parameters used in the models. We then provide insights into factors that mediate juvenile mortality as potential avenues for the management of the species.
Prevention and Care for Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Background The prevalent rate of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) trends upward in older populations. Skin breakdown from IAD impacts the quality of life of older adults and reflects the quality of care in hospitals and long-term care facilities. Specific and appropriate interventions for prevention and care are needed. This systematic review aims to review optimal strategies for prevention and care for older adults with IAD. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Medline, ProQuest, ThaiLIS, ThaiJo, and E-Thesis were searched for articles published between January 2010 and December 2020. Only articles focusing on older adults were included for the review. Results Eleven articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Interventions for the prevention and care of IAD among older adults were categorized as assessment, incontinence management/causative factors management, cleansing, application of medical products for both skin moisturizing and skin barrier, body positioning, nutrition promotion, health education and training, and outcome evaluation. Specific prevention and care strategies for older adults with IAD included using specific assessment tools, applying skin cleansing pH from 4.0 to 6.8, body positioning, and promoting food with high protein. Other strategies were similar to those reported for adult patients. Conclusion The systematic review extracted current and specific prevention and care strategies for IAD in older adults. The prevention and care strategies from this systematic review should be applied in clinical practice. However, more rigorous research methodology is recommended in future studies, especially in examining intervention outcomes. Nurses and other health professionals should be educated and trained to understand the causes of IAD in older adults and the specific prevention and care strategies for this population. Because older adults are prone to skin damage, and this type of skin breakdown differs from pressure ulcers, the tools for assessment and evaluation, and the strategies for prevention and care require special attention. Prospero Registration Number CRD42021251711.
Ambient Air Purification by Nanotechnologies: From Theory to Application

Air pollution has been a recurring problem in northern Chinese cities, and high concentrations of PM2.5 in winter have been a particular cause for concern. Secondary aerosols converted from precursor gases (i.e., nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds) evidently account for a large fraction of the PM2.5. Conventional control methods, such as dust removal, desulfurization, and denitrification, help reduce emissions from stationary combustion sources, but these measures have not led to decreases in haze events. Recent advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnology provide new opportunities for removing fine particles and gaseous pollutants from ambient air and reducing the impacts on human health. This review begins with overviews of air pollution and traditional abatement technologies, and then advances in ambient air purification by nanotechnologies, including filtration, adsorption, photocatalysis, and ambient-temperature catalysis are presented—from fundamental principles to applications. Current state-of-the-art developments in the use of nanomaterials for particle removal, gas adsorption, and catalysis are summarized, and practical applications of catalysis-based techniques for air purification by nanomaterials in indoor, semi-enclosed, and open spaces are highlighted. Finally, we propose future directions for the development of novel disinfectant nanomaterials and the construction of advanced air purification devices.