Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Significance of PD-L1 and mTOR Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are key players in host immune evasion and oncogenic activation, respectively. Evidence of the prognostic role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is conflicting. This study examined the associations of PD-L1 and mTOR expression with 5-year overall survival in OSCC patients. Material and Methods: The expressions of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins were immunohistochemically evaluated on tissue microarrays of 191 patients with OSCC who were treated by surgery at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand from 2008 to 2011. Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: PD-L1 expression was observed in 14.1% of cases while mTOR expression was present in 74.3% of cases. Females were more likely to have tumors with PD-L1 (p-value=0.007) and mTOR expressions (p-value=0.003) than males. In addition, lower clinical stage and well differentiated tumor are more likely to have mTOR expression (p-value= 0.038 and p-value<0.001, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that age, tumor stage, nodal stage, combined surgical treatment with radiation or chemoradiation therapy, surgical margin status, PD-L1 expression and mTOR expression are independent prognostic factors. High PD-L1 expression (hazard ratio (HR) 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–7.79) and high mTOR expression (HR 1.69, 95% CI, 1.00–2.84) are strong predictors of poor outcome. Conclusion: A proportion of OSCC expressed PD-L1 and mTOR proteins. Expression of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins are strong prognostic factors of OSCC.
Feature Selection and Model Fusion Approach for Predicting Urban Macro Travel Time

With the rapid growth of car ownership, traffic congestion has become one of the most serious social problems. For us, accurate real-time travel time predictions are especially important for easing traffic congestion, enabling traffic control and management, and traffic guidance. In this paper, we propose a method to predict urban road travel time by combining XGBoost and LightGBM machine learning models. In order to obtain a relatively complete data set, we mine the GPS data of Beijing and combine them with the weather feature to consider the obtained 14 features as candidate features. By processing and analyzing the data set, we discussed in detail the correlation between each feature and the travel time and the importance of each feature in the model prediction results. Finally, the 10 important features screened by the LightGBM and XGBoost models were used as key features. We use the full feature set and the key feature set as input to the model to explore the effect of different feature combinations on the prediction accuracy of the model and then compare the prediction results of the proposed fusion model with a single model. The results show that the proposed fusion model has great advantages to urban travel time prediction.
Comparative study of psychiatric patients receiving treatment in tertiary care hospital and in primary health care center

Background: Integrating mental health services into primary care is the most viable way of closing the treatment gap and ensuring that people get the mental health care they need. Government of Karnataka initiated the Manochaitanya programme to ensure that mental health services at all primary health care centers, community health centers and taluk hospitals on every Tuesday. Its required to know the patient satisfaction in this programme. Methods: This study was conducted over a period of two years, cross-sectionally seen 102 cases from 9 PHC’s that runs psychiatric clinics every Tuesday. This population was compared with 107 from Tertiary care center. All were assessed by the Psychiatrist using ICD-10 clinically after the informed consent. After 3 follow ups they were assessed with semi structured proforma, Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (PSQ-18) instruments. Results: The Patient satisfaction was found to be higher in PHCs 83.07±8.72 compared to tertiary subjects 75.27±9.51 (p<0.05). Severe mental illness was higher 48.96% in PHCs as compared to tertiary care center common mental illness 23.36%. Subjects from tertiary care centres report higher GAF score (65%) higher among tertiary care subjects than their PHC counterparts (35%). Conclusions: The patients receiving treatment in PHC’s reported more satisfaction than those who receive treatment in tertiary care center. Higher disability scores on IDEAS in PHC’s than tertiary Center due reporting of more cases of severe mental illness in PHC’s. Married patients have shown higher satisfaction as compared to single/ Divorced/ Separated patients. Alcohol Dependence Syndrome was found to be more in tertiary care hospital than in PHC’s.
A Functional Interaction

The application of biotechnological processes in the manufacturing of dairy products has a long tradition. Microorganisms already occurring in food, like lactic acid bacteria, yeast's and moulds, are used in order to preserve perishable foodstuffs and to improve the flavour, colour, texture and digestibility. This article gives an overview of the role and development of lactic acid bacteria as industrial starter cultures for dairy fermentations, and illustrates the use of modern biotechnological techniques for the development of new starter strains. Due to the increasing knowledge about the biochemistry, fermentation technology and nutritional aspects of traditional fermentation processes and due to the advances in modern microbiology techniques, including molecular biology and genetic engineering, new starter strains can be specifically selected among a large number of natural strains or designed by genetic engineering to meet the product requirements.
CHARACTERISTICS OF NEST SITES OF SKUAS AND KELP GULL IN THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA

Abstract We investigated nest-site selection of sympatrically breeding skuas (Catharacta spp.) and Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) in the Antarctic Peninsula. We evaluated habitat preferences of nesting skuas and gulls in a patchy landscape by counting the numbers of nests in each of ten habitat types. Additionally, we evaluated the importance of 11 habitat variables (known to be influential to the reproductive success of marine birds) on nest-site selection by skuas and gulls. Both skuas and Kelp Gulls did not used habitat types in proportion to their availability. Skuas tended to nest in highlands with a north-northwest aspect, and in depressed areas with stable substrata. Kelp Gulls nested exclusively on coastal cliffs and pebble beaches, with no difference in tendency to use either habitat. Skua and gull nest sites were differentiated by elevation, percent of vegetation cover, slope, and microtopography. Grasses (for Kelp Gull), mosses (for skuas), and rockiness were the main variables predicting differential use of the available environment. Factors such as type of nest materials, proximity to foraging areas, social interactions, and presence of other species, among others, probably also affect nest-site selection for both skuas and gulls at Cierva Point, Antarctic Peninsula.
Noradrenergic Control of Thalamic Oscillation: the Role of α‐2 Receptors

The effects of α‐adrenergic drugs on neocortical high voltage spike and wave spindles (HVS), reflecting thalamic oscillation, was investigated in freely moving rats. HVS occurred spontaneously in the awake but immobile animal. Peripheral administration of the α‐1 antagonist, prazosin and α‐2 agonists, xylazine and clonidine increased the incidence and duration of HVS in a dose‐dependent manner. The α‐2 antagonist, yohimbine and the tricyclic antidepressants, desipramine and amitriptyline, significantly decreased the incidence of the neocortical HVS. Bilateral microinjections of the α‐2 agonists into the nucleus ventralis lateralis area of the thalamus, but not into the hippocampus or corpus callosum, was as effective as peripheral injection of these drugs. Xylazine was most effective in Fischer 344 rats that display high spontaneous rate of HVS and less effective in the Sprague – Dawley and Buffalo strains. The HVS‐promoting effect of clonidine was antagonized by prior intrathalamic injection of the α‐2 antagonist, yohimbine. The amplitude of the HVS was increased by picomole amounts of unilaterally‐injected clonidine. Neurotoxic destruction of the thalamopetal noradrenergic afferents by intracisternal or intrathalamic injection of 6‐hydroxydopamine, but not by peripheral administration of DSP‐4, increased the incidence of HVS. Importantly, intrathalamic administration of xylazine continued to induce HVS after destroying the thalamic noradrenergic terminals. Following downregulation of the α‐2 adrenoceptors by chronic administration (3 weeks) of amitriptylene the incidence of HVS decreased and the effectiveness of intrathalamic xylazine on the induction of HVS was significantly reduced. Based on these findings, we suggest that a major action of α‐2 adrenergic drugs on thalamic oscillation may be mediated by postsynaptic α‐2 adrenoceptors located on the thalamocortical neurons. We hypothesize that noradrenaline in the thalamus has a dual effect on the relay cells: blocking and promoting thalamic oscillation via α‐1 and α‐2 receptors, respectively. The final physiological effect is assumed to be a function of the relative density and affinity of these adrenergic receptor subtypes.
p53 associates with and targets ΔNp63 into a protein degradation pathway

A human p53 homologue, p63 (p40/p51/p73L/CUSP) that maps to the chromosomal region 3q27-29 was found to produce a variety of transcripts that encode DNA-binding proteins with and without a trans-activation domain (TA- or Delta N-, respectively). The p63 gene locus was found to be amplified in squamous cell carcinoma, and overexpression of Delta Np63 (p40) led to increased growth of transformed cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, p63-null mice displayed abnormal epithelial development and germ-line human mutations were found to cause ectodermal dysplasia. We now demonstrate that certain p63 isotypes form complexes with p53. p53 mutations R175H or R248W abolish the association of p53 with p63, whereas V143A or R273H has no effect. Deletion studies suggest that the DNA-binding domains of both p53 and p63 mediate the association. Overexpression of wild type but not mutant (R175H) p53 results in the caspase-dependent degradation of certain Delta Np63 proteins (p40 and Delta Np63 alpha). The association between p53 and Delta Np63 supports a previously unrecognized role for p53 in regulation of Delta Np63 stability. The ability of p53 to mediate Delta Np63 degradation may balance the capacity of Delta Np63 to accelerate tumorigenesis or to induce epithelial proliferation.
Varietal performance of transplant aman rice under different hill densities

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2004 to evaluate the effect of hill spacing on the performance of BRRI dhan40 and BRRI dhan41 as Transplant aman crop. The experiment consisted of five hill spacings viz., 5cm. 10cm, 15 cm, and 25 cm where row to row spacing of 25 cm was kept constant for all treatments. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The 25 cm x 5 cm hill spacing produced the tallest plant, highest total number of tillers/hill, bearing tillers/hill lowest number of non-hearing tillers/hill, grain yield and harvest index, while 25 cm x 5 cm hill spacing produced the highest number of sterile spikelets/panicle, straw yield and biological yield. BRRI dhan41 produced higher grain yield (4.7 t/ha) which was the contribution of higher number of grains/panicle and heavier grain weight. Lower yield (4.51 t/ha) was recorded in BRRI dhan40.
Herbicide efficacy, leaf structure, and spray droplet contact angle among Ipomoea species and smallflower morningglory

Abstract Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate responses of ivyleaf morningglory, pitted morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, and smallflower morningglory to several herbicides in relation to leaf structure, epicuticular wax, and spray droplet behavior. Two- to four-leaf stage plants of each species were highly susceptible to acifluorfen, bentazon, bromoxynil, glufosinate, and glyphosate. However, at the five- to eight-leaf stage, these species were less susceptible, and control was herbicide specific. Spray droplets of these five herbicides had a higher contact angle on ivyleaf morningglory than the other three species with a few exceptions. Stomata and glands were present on both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of all species, and palmleaf morningglory and smallflower morningglory had more of these than did the other two species. Trichomes were present on all species except palmleaf morningglory. Epicuticular wax mass was highest in ivyleaf morningglory (57 μg cm−2) and lowest in smallflower morningglory (14 μg cm−2). Wax consisted of homologous short-chain (< C18) or long-chain (> C20) hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, and triterpenes. Smallflower morningglory waxes lacked short-chain length components. Triterpenes were absent in palmleaf morningglory and smallflower morningglory epicuticular waxes. Untriacontane (C31 hydrocarbon) and tridecanol (C30 alcohol) were common major long-chain components in waxes of all four species. Heptadecane (C17 hydrocarbon) and octanoic acid (C18) were common major short-chain length wax components in pitted, ivyleaf, and palmleaf morningglory. In spite of some differences in leaf surface structures, wax mass, and wax components among the four species, there was no clear relationship between these parameters and herbicide efficacy. Nomenclature: Acifluorfen; bentazon; bromoxynil; glufosinate; glyphosate; ivyleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. IPOHE; palmleaf morningglory, Ipomoea wrightii Gray IPOWR; pitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. IPOLA; smallflower morningglory, Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. IAQTA.
PHYTOPLANKTON AND RELATED NUTRIENTS IN SAWA LAKE, IRAQ

Subsurface water samples were taken monthly from three selected locations in Sawa lake, southern Iraq for 18 months , starting October 1999 , to follow quantitative and qualitative study of phytoplankton and their nutrients. Nitrate was the dominant inorganic from of nitrogen and have significant negative correlation with chlorophyll-a concentration as well as the total cell number. Similar correlation was found with phosphate values. N:P ratio was ranged between 11:1 to 12.6 :1. Silicate values were higher than 16 µmole/L. Bimodal distributions were found in chlorophyll–a concentration and total cell number of phytoplankton with two peaks in spring and autumn. Bacillariophyceae were dominated in species richness and total cell number followed by Cyanophyceae in species richness and Chlorophyceae in their total cell number. Three species were the most dominant in total cell number (> 5%) during the study period in all stations, namely Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus bijuga and Cyclotella meneghiniana . Statistically, there were no pronounced variations in all studied parameters among the three studied locations. The present investigation is the first attempt to determine the chlorophyll–a as well as the total cell number of phytoplankton in the lake.
Patterns of airflow and vehicular emission pollutant dispersion in symmetrical urban street canyons

By comparing with the wind tunnel experimental results,the numerical simulation can well predict the concentration field in street canyon.The wind flow structure and concentration in wide and narrow symmetrical street canyons were studied.It was shown that when the ratio of building height to street width is larger than 1,the number of vortices increases and the concentration varies with the number of the vortices.When the ratio is less than 1,the number of vortices varies from one into two with opposite directions,and these vortices split separately with further decreasing of the ratio.The concentration changes with the number of the vortices.When the vortex is clockwise,the concentration at leeward side is larger than that at windward side;when the vortex is anticlockwise,the concentration at windward side is larger than that at leeward side.In a word,with increasing the height of building,it makes more difficult to disperse the pollutants and more concentration near the ground level.
Strong population differentiation in lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) is driven by a small portion of the genome

Delimiting intraspecific genetic variation in harvested species is crucial to the assessment of population status for natural resource management and conservation purposes. Here, we evaluated genetic population structure in lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus), a commercially and recreationally important fishery species along the west coast of North America. We used 16,749 restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) markers, in 611 individuals collected from across the bulk of the species range from Southeast Alaska to Baja California, Mexico. In contrast to previous population genetic work on this species, we found strong evidence for two distinct genetic clusters. These groups separated latitudinally with a break near Point Reyes off Northern California, and there was a high frequency of admixed individuals in close proximity to the break. F‐statistics corroborate this genetic break between northern and southern sampling sites, although most loci are characterized by low FST values, suggesting high gene flow throughout most of the genome. Outlier analyses identified 182 loci putatively under divergent selection, most of which mapped to a single genomic region. When individuals were grouped by cluster assignment (northern, southern, and admixed), 71 loci were fixed between the northern and southern cluster, all of which were identified in the outlier scans. All individuals identified as admixed exhibited near 50:50 assignment to northern and southern clusters and were heterozygous for most fixed loci. Alignments of RADseq loci to a draft lingcod genome assembly and three other teleost genomes with chromosome‐level assemblies suggest that outlier and fixed loci are concentrated on a single chromosome. Similar genomic patterns have been attributed to chromosomal inversions in diverse taxonomic groups. Regardless of the evolutionary mechanism, these results represent novel observations of genetic structure in lingcod and designate clear evolutionary units that could be used to inform fisheries management.
Fragment Quantum Mechanical Method for Excited States of Proteins: Development and Application to the Green Fluorescent Protein.

Understanding the excited-state properties of luminescent biomolecules is of central importance to their biophysical applications. In this study, we develop the Electrostatically Embedded Generalized Molecular Fractionation with Conjugate Caps (EE-GMFCC) method for quantitatively characterizing properties of covalently bonded systems with localized excitations (i.e. involving a single chromophore), such as fluorescent proteins. The excitation energy, transition dipole moment and oscillator strength of wild-type Green Fluorescent Protein (wt-GFP) calculated by EE-GMFCC are found to be in excellent agreement with full system time-dependent density functional theory results. We also applied the Polarized Protein-specific Charge model to wt-GFP, and found that electronic polarization of the protein is critical in stabilizing hydrogen bonding interactions in wt-GFP, which influences its absorption spectrum. The predicted absorption spectra of wt-GFP in the A and B states qualitatively agree with experiment. The fragmentation approach further allows a straightforward per residue decomposition of the excitation which reveals the influence of protein environment on the absorption spectra of wt-GFP A and B states. Our results demonstrate that the EE-GMFCC method is both accurate and efficient for excited-state property calculations on proteins.
In Situ Grown MWCNTs/MXenes Nanocomposites on Carbon Cloth for High‐Performance Flexible Supercapacitors

Owing to their large surface‐area‐to‐volume ratios, 2D titanium carbides and nitrides (MXenes) have emerged as promising materials for energy storage devices. However, poor interlayer and interparticle conductivity of MXenes (due to its anisotropic nature) is a bottleneck for widening their applications. Additionally, the stacked structure of MXene sheets limits the exposed surface area and renders a complex electrolyte diffusion. To address these issues, a unique composite comprising of homogeneously grown multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on carbon cloth (CC)‐supported MXene sheets (denoted as MWCNTs‐MXene@CC) is proposed. The MWCNTs‐MXene@CC reveal the synergistic combination of exfoliated large surface area and excellent conductivity. Consequently, the fabricated electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 114.58 mF cm−2 at a discharge current of 1 mA cm−2, while maintaining high retention after 1.6 × 104 cycles at 10 mA cm−2. Such high performance of the composite structure is attributed to the superb interlayer and interparticle conductivity imparted by the grown MWCNTs. Furthermore, the grown MWCNTs also serve as the interlayer pillar in MXene sheets, thus preventing the spontaneous collapse of the latter. The approach can be extended to other electrocatalyst systems in which ion transport and electrolyte diffusion need to be addressed simultaneously.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital Efficiency on Corporate Sustainable Growth-Evidence from Smart Agriculture in China

In this paper, we expand the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model by constructing a comprehensive financial capital (FC) component. Human capital efficiency is subdivided into executive (EHCE) and nonexecutive human capital efficiency (NHCE). We have sampled listed agriculture companies (LAC) in China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets from 2009 to 2018 and categorized them as high-tech (HTAC) and non-high-tech agriculture companies (NHTAC). We find that capital employed efficiency (CEE) and EHCE have a significant positive effect on corporate sustainable growth (CSG) of HTAC but no significant effect on CSG of NHTAC, while FC has a significant positive effect on both. These results suggest that companies, especially HTAC, should invest in human capital, and their executives and policymakers should develop effective knowledge management tools and begin accumulating the necessary intellectual capital to allow adaptation to their changing environment. In the spirit of the intellectual agriculture concept, we present some new ways to study the performance of agricultural companies using intellectual capital and offer suggestions that can help to modernize the industry.
Revision of the southern African genus Macroderes Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

abstract The southern African genus Macroderes Westwood is revised. Six new species, M. amplior n. sp. , M. minutus n. sp. , M. endroedyi n. sp. , M. namakwanus n. sp. , M. foveatus n. sp. , and M. cornutus n. sp. , are described.The neotype of M. bias (Olivier) is designated.Two new synonymies are established: M. pilula Sharp is a junior synonym of M. bias (Olivier), and M. westwoodi Preudhomme de Borre is a junior synonym of M. undulatus Preudhomme de Borre. A key to species and notes on biology and distribution are given.