Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Performance of Preconditioned Iterative Methods in Computational Electromagnetics

Abstract : The numerical solution of electromagnetic scattering problems involves the projection of an exact equation onto a finite dimensional space, and the solution of the resulting matrix equation. By using iterative algorithms, the analysis of scatterers that are an order of magnitude larger electrically may be feasible. Two approaches to achieving the solutions in less time are examined and applied to several typical electromagnetic scattering problems. First, through extensions to the conjugate gradient and biconjugate gradient algorithms, multiple excitations for the same matrix can be simultaneously treated. Depending on the type of problem, the number of excitations, and the algorithm employed, substantial time savings may be achieved. Second, the performance of preconditioning combined with the conjugate gradient, biconjugate gradient, and Chebyshev algorithms is evaluated for typical electromagnetic scattering problems. Preconditioners based on significant structural features of the matrix are able to reduce the overall execution time.
Scales of time and space variability of sound fields reflecting obliquely from underwater slopes

Ocean flows impart a time dependence to interference patterns of sound reflecting at low horizontal angle from sloping bathymetry. This is a higher level of complexity than interference patterns within vertical slices in spherically symmetric environments. The time-space statistics may be co-dependent and non-normal, making conventional methods inapplicable. Here, patterns that occur when 100-1000 Hz sound reflects at slopes are simulated with three-dimensional methods. Multiple statistics of sound at virtual arrays are computed over the domain, including incoherent power, beam power, spatial correlation length, and array gain assuming idealized noise conditions. These depend on source and receiver locations with respect to bathymetric features, and can be computed for instantaneously sampled ocean conditions to study their evolution within the time frame of the dominant flow, or computed via averaging over a few periods of the dominant flow features (tides, for example). Here, the spatial complexity of p.
NP-Interpretation and the Structure of Predicates

Two classes of intensional transitive verbs affect the interpretation of an indefinite object in the same way that stage- and individual-level predicates affect an indefinite subject. The contrast for objects is instantiated inside the scope of intensionality, that is, VP-internally. I claim that the differentiation of subject positions said to underlie the interpretational contrast for subjects recurs in the VP for objects, inside the domain of intensionality. The internal domain of a transitive verb is therefore somewhat syntactically articulated, containing at least two positions for indefinite objects. Quantified objects, however, are VP-external.
Can Lactoferrin, a Natural Mammalian Milk Protein, Assist in the Battle against COVID-19?

Notwithstanding mass vaccination against specific SARS-CoV-2 variants, there is still a demand for complementary nutritional intervention strategies to fight COVID-19. The bovine milk protein lactoferrin (LF) has attracted interest of nutraceutical, food and dairy industries for its numerous properties—ranging from anti-viral and anti-microbial to immunological—making it a potential functional ingredient in a wide variety of food applications to maintain health. Importantly, bovine LF was found to exert anti-viral activities against several types of viruses, including certain SARS-CoV-2 variants. LF’s potential effect on COVID-19 patients has seen a rapid increase of in vitro and in vivo studies published, resulting in a model on how LF might play a role during different phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Aim of this narrative review is two-fold: (1) to highlight the most relevant findings concerning LF’s anti-viral, anti-microbial, iron-binding, immunomodulatory, microbiota-modulatory and intestinal barrier properties that support health of the two most affected organs in COVID-19 patients (lungs and gut), and (2) to explore the possible underlying mechanisms governing its mode of action. Thanks to its potential effects on health, bovine LF can be considered a good candidate for nutritional interventions counteracting SARS-CoV-2 infection and related COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Centering Racial Equity in a BSW Program: What We’ve Learned in Five Years

In response to the 2016 election of Donald J. Trump and calls for antiracist action from activists and communities of color, our Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) program embarked on a process of curriculum revision. In this article, we describe our efforts to center critical and Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) scholarship and to better align our curriculum with the experiences of students of color. While we have drawn from feminist and critical race theories, we have also borrowed concepts from literatures not typically associated with antiracism work, such as policy implementation and leadership/management. We present our ongoing work as a case study of, and methodology for, systematic social work curriculum change to promote racial equity and justice.
Trajectory Generation for Aircraft Avoidance Maneuvers Using Online Optimization

This paper presents an aircraft trajectory generation scheme for use as a part of an autonomous counterhijack control system for civilian aircraft. In this scheme, buildings and other critical infrastructure and landmarks are modeled as constraint objects to be avoided in the aircraft flight path. A three degree-of-freedom nonlinear model and a direct multiple shooting method are employed to generate finite horizon avoidance trajectories for this system. A novel method for modeling nondifferentiable constraint obstacles (e.g., polytopes) is developed, employing dualization of the state exclusion regions to maintain continuity, thus allowing the use of a gradient-based optimization algorithm. The dualization method is further extended to construct positively invariant target sets that ensure the terminal state of each of the finite horizon trajectories generated remains feasible when extended over an infinite horizon. These conditions, when combined with a warm-start method based on shift initialization of prior solutions, ensure the optimization is initialized close to a feasible solution for the nonconvex problem. The results show, via a selection of simulation cases and for various classes of constraint objects, that the proposed strategy produces feasible avoidance trajectories with computation times viable for real-time applications.
Bounded harmonic functions on coverings

We prove that the space of bounded harmonic functions on a Galois cover of a compact Riemannian manifold is either one dimensional or infinite dimensional. The purpose of this note is to prove the following THEOREM. Let M be a Riemannian manifold which is a Galois covering of a compact Riemannian manifold. Then the space of bounded harmonic functions on M is either one dimensional or infinite dimensional. Since the space of bounded harmonic functions always contains the one dimensional space of constant functions, we could restate the theorem as saying that the space of bounded harmonic functions on a Galois covering, if nontrivial, must be of infinite dimension. The proof is based on two theorems of Lyons and Sullivan [2]. We refer to this paper for motivation. I am grateful to Peter Li for bringing this problem to my attention and several helpful discussions, and to Steve Gersten for a reference used for Lemma 2. PROOF. Let V denote the space of bounded harmonic functions on M, with the sup norm, and let F denote the covering group. F acts on V by isometries, thus we get a representation p: IF Isom(V). Observe that we may assume that p is injective, for if K denotes the kernel of p, the space of bounded harmonic functions on M/K is isomorphic to V, and M/K is a Galois covering of M/F. LEMMA 1. If V is finite dimensional, then F is an amenable group. PROOF. Let C c V denote the cone of positive functions, and let G C Isom(V) be the subgroup of isometries of V that preserve C and act as the identity on the subspace of constant functions. The image of p lies in G. Let I be a linear functional on V which is positive on C and has value one on the constant function one. If V is finite dimensional G is a compact group, so I can be averaged over G to a G-invariant map (hence F-invariant) linear functional A with the same properties. The proof of Theorem 3' of [2, ? 5] gives a r-equivariant map i: 1? (r) -V which takes the positive cone in 1? (r) to C and the constant function one to the constant function one. The composition AO is then an invariant mean on r, thus proving the lemma. Received by the editors November 4, 1986. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 53C20. *Supported by NSF Grant DMS8503765. (? 1988 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/88 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
Some technical properties of dried Terminalia chebula (kara halile) for use in harvest and post-harvest processing

Depending on humidity, some technical properties of T. chebula (black halile) dried fruit were investigated. It was observed that various properties, such as dimension, geometric mean diameter, and arithmetic mean diameter, increased linearly with increasing moisture content. With the increase in moisture content, sphericity increased from 57.2% to 67.7%, surface area increased from 487.65 mm2 to 805.03 mm2, porosity increased from 0.49 to 0.59, and the angle of repose increased from 22.77° to 27.86°. However, moisture content, true density, and bulk density decreased from 1.85% to 3.27%, 1469.54 kg/m3 to 1740.22 kg/m3, and 735.64 kg/m3 to 705.99 kg/m3, respectively. When the moisture content increased from 1.85% to 3.27%, the static and dynamic friction coefficient increased from 0.231 to 0.495 and 0.311 to 0.637, respectively. The lowest static and dynamic friction force values were obtained for stainless steel and the highest for rubber surface. When moisture content increased from 1.85% to 3.27%, tensile strength decreased from 446.46 N to 257.59 N. Rupture energy and deformation increased with an increase in the moisture content of the fruit. When the moisture content increased from 1.85% to 3.27%, the rupture energy and deformation increased from 0.09 J to 0.27 J and 0.83 mm to 1.76 mm, respectively.
Steroid Response after Trabeculectomy—A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Dexamethasone to Diclofenac Eye Drops

This prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to compare changes in intraocular pressure in three different anti-inflammatory regimens following trabeculectomy. Sixty-nine patients were randomized to receive either postoperative prophylaxis with topical preservative-free dexamethasone (DEX), diclofenac (DICLO), or their combination (DEX+DICLO). Our main outcome measure was an intraocular pressure (IOP) change of a minimum 4 mmHg following the withdrawal of anti-inflammatory prophylaxis 9 weeks after trabeculectomy. We found that the IOP decreased ≥ 4 mmHg in 18.6% of eyes after cessation of the topical steroid DEX (n = 3/22) and DEX+DICLO (n = 5/21), whereas a decrease in IOP was not observed in the DICLO group. In conclusion, IOP decreased in nearly 1/5 of patients after cessation of topical steroidal anti-inflammatory prophylaxis after trabeculectomy. This points toward a steroid-induced increase in IOP even after trabeculectomy. Thus, increased postoperative IOP may be related to steroid use, and the success or failure of a trabeculectomy cannot be fully evaluated before anti-inflammatory prophylaxis with steroids is stopped or changed to non-steroidal eye drops.
Evidence for Magnetic Reconnection at Ganymede's Upstream Magnetopause During the PJ34 Juno Flyby

Juno made a close flyby of Ganymede and flew through its magnetosphere on 7 June 2021, including an outbound crossing of Ganymede's upstream magnetopause. We present plasma and magnetic field observations near the upstream magnetopause from Juno's Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) and magnetometer. JADE observed enhanced electron fluxes, including field‐aligned electrons accelerated up to 2–3 keV/q, some having bidirectional pitch angle distributions, as Juno crossed Ganymede's magnetopause. Energy enhancements of cold protons and heavy ions originating from Ganymede were also observed on approach to the magnetopause. We interpret the presence of accelerated, field‐aligned electrons as indicating that magnetic reconnection is occurring on magnetic field lines that connect the spacecraft to Ganymede's magnetopause at that time. Counter‐streaming electrons observed on both sides of the magnetopause suggest the presence of multiple reconnection sites, both north and south of the spacecraft.
Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in COVID-19 Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review

Abstract Background: Immunocompromised patients, including those with hematological malignancies, are at a high risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications. Currently, there is a limited number of systematic reviews into the efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) use in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies. Therefore, the aim of this review was to systematically appraise the current evidence for the clinical benefits of this therapy in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted up to April 2022, using four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the included studies. Data collection analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 365 and GraphPad Prism software. Results: 18 studies met the inclusion criteria; these records included 258 COVID-19 patients who had hematological malignancies and were treated with CPT. The main findings from the reviewed data suggest that CPT may be associated with improved clinical outcomes, including (a) higher survival rate, (b) improved SARS-CoV-2 clearance and presence of detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post CP transfusion, and (c) improved hospital discharge time and recovery after 1 month of CPT. Furthermore, treatment with convalescent plasma was not associated with the development of adverse events. Conclusions: CPT appears to be an effective supportive therapeutic option for hematological malignancy patients infected with COVID-19. To our knowledge, this is one of the first systematic reviews of the clinical benefits of CPT in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies.
A silhouette envelope around GGD30IR detected by Spitzer

This paper presents a study of the envelope of the young stellar object (YSO) GGD30IR. What distinguishes this from most other YSOs is the elongated absorption feature seen in silhouette against the background emission in the Spitzer Galactic Legacy Infrared Midplane Survey Extraordinaire 8 μm Infrared Array Camera image of the region. The size and the symmetrical placement of GGD30IR in the centre of this feature suggest that it is an extended envelope, perhaps the remnant of the collapse of the GGD30 core. We have used the extinction in the envelope measured from (i) the reduction in the 8 μm background intensity and (ii) field star colour excesses, to estimate the envelope mass, obtaining values of 0.6 ± 0.2 and 0.5 ± 0.3 M ⊙ , respectively. To investigate the envelope further, we have obtained Australia Telescope Compact Array 3 mm continuum and HCO+ line observations of the region. The continuum emission at 3 mm arises from both a compact (unresolved; ≤730 au) core embedded in an extended envelope ∼18 000 au x 38 000 au in extent. We estimate the core mass to be 0.11 ± 0.02 M ⊙ . The HCO+ emission is extended in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the envelope, suggesting it comes from an outflow. The spectral energy distribution (SED) provides a 2-24 μm spectral index, α = 1.0, which places GGD30IR in the Class I YSO category. Integrating the SED provides a luminosity of L * ≃ 25 ± 5 L ⊙ .
Effect of Fluoride Varnish in Preventing Dental Caries of First Permanent Molars: A 24-Month Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Caries is a prevalent health problem. This study evaluated the effect of fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries of first permanent molars. Methods: The study was designed as a stratified cluster randomized controlled trial, with classes as the unit of randomization. Classes stratified by district were followed for 24 months. All eligible children of the selected classes were included for the trial. The children in the test group were biannually applied fluoride varnish. The outcomes were measured at an individual level. Results: In total, 107 classes (51 in the test group, 56 in the control group) were recruited for the trial. Of the 5397 participants, 5005 children (2385 in the test group, 2620 in the control group) completed the study. At the 24-month follow-up, the mean decayed and filled surface increment of the first permanent molars of the children in the test group was significantly lower than that of the children in the control group (0.38 versus 0.61). The caries incidence of the first permanent molars in the test group was 17.0%, while that of the control group was 23.7%, with a PF of 28.3%. Conclusions: Semi-annual application of fluoride varnish is effective in reducing the caries increments of first permanent molars.
An exact test for comparing matched proportions in crossover designs

SUMMARY An exact test for comparing proportions in matched samples is derived for the situation where order within pairs may be important. The analysis is based on an extension of the logistic model of Cox (1958 c). The test is formally equivalent to Fisher's exact test for 2 x 2 tables. The McNemar test (1947) has long been used in comparing matched or paired responses each of which take only two values, 0 or 1. The test consists of counting only those pairs which are unlike, (0, 1) or (1, 0) and testing whether the distribution of these two types is consistent with a binomial distribution with a probability of 2. Cox (1958c) showed that this test may be derived from a logistic model, and found a confidence interval for the relevant parameter of non-centrality. Cochran (1950) extended the test to more than two proportions. In many experimental situations, matching entails an ordering within the pairs. For instance, in testing certain drugs the matching involves a patient receiving the two drugs in two different time periods. Sometimes the order of the drug administration has appreciable effect on the patient's response; see, for instance, Meier, Free & Jackson (1958). In such instances, the McNemar test may ignore pertinent and important information on order within pairs. To fix ideas, we recall an example cited by Mosteller (1952). Two drugs, A and B, are used on each of 100 subjects, the response being either 'nausea' or 'not nausea'. Of these subjects, 81 never had nausea, denoted by (0, 0); 9 subjects had nausea with A but not with B, (1, 0); 1 had nausea with B but not with A, (0, 1); and 9 had nausea with both drugs, (1, 1). Mosteller considered only the unlike pairs, and calculated from the binomial distribution the onetailed significance level,
A Citizen-Sensing System for Measuring Urban Environmental Quality: A Case Study Carried out in Taiwan

Urban planning is usually dependent on urban analysis and tends to use data from sensor networks collected over a long period time. However, in recent years, due to increased urbanization and the rapid growth of transport, a gap has developed between urban environments and citizen feelings. Rebuilding urban infrastructure or making urban planning changes require a lot of time and resource costs. The hardware in a city cannot be easily changed, but citizen activities change all the time. Distributing city space according to a software-based recommendation, such as arranging different locations for citizen activities or traffic, is a method that can be implemented to improve city environments and to avoid resource waste. In this paper, citizens were used as sensors to extract environmental information collected using a social network service (SNS), and the information was analyzed to turn subjective feelings into objective environmental phenomena. The research focused on how to collect citizens’ feelings regarding urban environments and to develop a citizen-sensing system to bridge the gap between citizen feelings and sensor networks. The results prove that citizens who sense the city environment create small-sized data that are suitable for small-scaled, high-density cities.
A New Theory for Perpendicular Transport of Cosmic Rays

We present an improved nonlinear theory for the perpendicular transport of charged particles. This approach is based on an improved nonlinear treatment of field-line random walk in combination with a generalized compound diffusion model. The generalized compound diffusion model employed is more systematic and reliable, in comparison with previous theories. Furthermore, the theory shows remarkably good agreement with test-particle simulations and solar wind observations.
An Automatic Egg Quality Grading Using Nature-Inspired Algorithm Based Classification

Human error may happen at egg quality grading manually by farmer. This condition may lead a miss to differ an egg with good quality and an egg with bad quality. It also impact for human body health because protein from egg can not be absorbed optimally in human body. To tackle this problem, an automatic system for egg quality grading is performed. However, the development system may need a preliminary study which exploit a nature-isnpired algorithm such ant colony optimization (ACO) as logic design for the system. In this paper, ACO based classification is performed to make a group in features of testing data which is similar with training's data. Some methods such k-nearest neighbour, support vector machine, naïve bayes, and random forest are exploited to against ACO based classification. Although the ACO based classification result may not be the best, it is still a compromising algorithm for this system because the accuracy is above 90% although some modifications and studies must be performed in the next activity including to tackle the algorithm running-time which costs 40.03 seconds to finish the task and it is the longest time among other methods.