Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A pneumatic piston-released rapid compression machine for chemical kinetics studies at elevated pressure and low to intermediate temperatures

This work presents a pneumatically operated piston released rapid compression machine (PRRCM) designed at the University of Sheffield that introduces a new set of pneumatic systems to lock/release the piston from its initial position. It is pneumatically operated to compress gas mixture to an adiabatically thermodynamic state and stopped hydraulically. The range of compression ratios of the facility is between 4.4 and 20. The end of compressed gas temperature, T c and pressure, P c obtained within the facility is approximately 1000 K and 22 bar respectively. The performance of the Sheffield piston released rapid compression machine (SHEF-PRRCM) facility has been characterised to ensure a high level of fidelity of experimental data over a range of test conditions. The performance test was conducted for a nonreactive test using nitrogen and argon, the result demonstrated a repeatable pressure trace. Repeatability test for the reactive mixtures was also demonstrated. Further study on ignition characteristics of aviation fuel (Jet A-1) and Banner NP1014 known as Bannersol in SHEF-PRRCM was conducted over T c of 723 K ⩽ T c ⩽ 884 K, P c = 6 and 10 bar at ϕ = 0.75 and 1.0. The influence of pressure, temperature and equivalence ratio was seen on the oxidation of Jet A-1 and Bannersol. The results showed that Bannersol displayed a negative temperature coefficient behaviour and has higher reactivity than Jet A-1. Besides, a comparative analysis of the current facility with other facilities in literature was carried out, the result showed a fair deviation of the current data from literature and these could be attributed to the inherent non-ideality of heat transfer effects in different rapid compression machine and fairly slight differences in the condition tested. This work has demonstrated the competence of the current facility to carry out further studies on combustion and validation of the chemical kinetics of hydrocarbon fuels.
Perovskite Solar Cell Stability in Humid Air: Partially Reversible Phase Transitions in the PbI2‐CH3NH3I‐H2O System

After rapid progress over the past five years, organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) currently exhibit photoconversion efficiencies comparable to the best commercially available photovoltaic technologies. However, instabilities in the materials and devices, primarily due to reactions with water, have kept PSCs from entering the marketplace. Here, laser beam induced current imaging is used to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of the quantum efficiency of perovskite solar cells under controlled humidity conditions. Several interesting mechanistic aspects are revealed as the degradation proceeds along a four‐stage process. Three of the four stages can be reversed, while the fourth stage leads to irreversible decomposition of the photoactive perovskite material. A series of reactions in the PbI2‐CH3NH3I‐H2O system explains the interplay between the interactions with water and the overall stability. Understanding of the degradation mechanisms of PSCs on a microscopic level gives insight into improving the long‐term stability.
Synthesis of a cardanol-based phosphorus-containing polyurethane prepolymer and its application in phenolic foams

A cardanol-based P-containing polyurethane prepolymer (PPUP), a novel cardanol derivative, was synthesized. Its structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Then phenolic foams (PFs) modified with different contents of PPUP were prepared. The addition of PPUP improves the compressive and specific strengths of the foams, while appropriate addition of PPUP into the resin matrix enhances the specific compressive and flexural strength of PFs. Incorporation of PPUP into PFs leads to a reduced pulverization ratio. The limiting oxygen index increases continuously with the increasing addition of PPUP into PFs. Analysis of thermal decompositions shows that the modified PFs have a similar thermal resistance to pristine foam.
Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children with Chronic Haemolytic Anaemia in Benha University Hospitals

Background: Due to the tropism of human parvovirus B19 to erythroid progenitor cells, infection in patients with an underlying hemolytic disorder such as thalassemia, hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell disease and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency leads to suppression of erythrocyte formation, referred to as transient aplasia crisis (TAC), which may be life-threatening. Objectives: Detection of parvovirus B19 DNA and its IgG antibodies in the serum of children with chronic hemolytic anemia and in apparently healthy children in Benha University Hospitals. Methodology: The study was conducted on 80 children. Forty of them with chronic hemolytic anemia, they were subdivided into 2 groups, Group (1a) included 20 patients without history of aplastic crisis, Group (Ib) included 20 patients with a history of aplastic crisis and 40 age and sex-matched apparently healthy children representing control (Group II). All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Parvovirus B19 IgG was measured using anti-parvovirus B19 ELISA kits (SUNRED), and parvovirus B19 DNA was detected by using nestedpolymerase chain reaction. Results: The seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 IgG was significantly higher (P value =0.016) in Group Ia (50%) (10 out of 20) and Group Ib (45%) (9 out of 20) than the control group (Group II) (17.5%) (7 out of 40). There was a significant positive correlation between anti-parvovirus B19 IgG and age of all patients, frequency of blood transfusion. The prevalence of parvovirus B19 DNA was 10% (2 out of 20) in group Ia and 30% (6 out of 20) in group Ib and no viral DNA was detected in the controls (P value=0.001). Although 42.3% (11 out of 26) of children with β thalassemia major had a detectable level of antiparvovirus B19 virus IgG antibodies, only (23.1%) (6 out of 26) of them had B19 DNA. Anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 4 children out of 5 children of sickle cell anemia (80%) but the the prevalence of Parvovirus B19 DNA was 20% among them. Conclusion: Measures to keep away from iatrogenic and nosocomial infection transmission should be implemented including screening of donated blood for parvovirus B19 especially blood given to patients with blood disorders. Recommendation: Data from this study support the need for introduction of an approved vaccine that mainly protects children with chronic hemolytic anemia against that infection.
Internal audit findings, audit committees, and firm performance evidence from UK

ABSTRACT Although researchers have paid increasing attention to how corporate governance influences firm performance, there has been limited focus on how the internal audit function impacts firm performance. This study thus examines how the implementation of internal audit recommendations (IIAR) impacts firm performance and whether audit committee characteristics increase or decrease this impact. By using the proportion of implemented recommendations over the total number of internal audit findings to measure IIAR, the results indicate that IIAR drives higher firm performance. Further, certain audit committee characteristics increase the positive effect of IIAR on firm performance. Additional robustness tests support the main results.
Wide Framing Disposition Effect: An Empirical Study

Abstract We estimate the disposition effect for active traders in a large discount brokerage dataset containing US households trading records between 1991 and 1996. We apply a wide framing perspective, focusing on portfolios rather than individual stocks. We find that the disposition effect varies inversely with the proportion of stocks trading at a gain in the portfolio, nearly vanishing when this proportion reaches 50%. This is driven by how the realisation of gains and losses depends on the percentage of gains in the account. The probability to realise a loss increases with the percentage of gains in the account. The relation between the probability of realising a gain and the percentage of gains in the bank account follows a U-shape. We also estimate the change in the disposition effect when an investor realises more than one stock on a trading day. We find when investors sell a stock, they are much more likely to also realise another stock on the same day. In particular, selling a loss increases an investor’s propensity to sell a gain and vice versa. This key finding provides an explanation for the observed dependency of the disposition effect on the portfolio composition. We also propose several psychological explanations for our findings.
WinMIgob: A Windows program for magnetite-ilmenite geothermometer and oxygen barometer

A Microsoft ® Visual Basic software, called WinMIgob, has been developed for wet-chemical and electron-microprobe compositions of coexisting magnetite–ulvöspinel and ilmenite–hematite solid solutions to calculate the temperature ( T , °C) and oxygen fugacity ( f O 2 ) conditions of magmatic and metamorphic rocks. The program allows the users to enter total of 34 input variables, including Sample No, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , V 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , Nb 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , FeO, MnO, NiO, ZnO, MgO, CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, BaO (wt. %) for each magnetite and ilmenite compositional data. WinMIgob enables to enter and load multiple magnetite and ilmenite analyses in the program’s data entry section. Alternatively, the composition of magnetite–ilmenite pairs can be typed in a blank Excel file as in the above order and then loaded into the program’s data entry screen for data processing. The ferric and ferrous iron contents from microprobe-derived total FeO (wt. %) of magnetite–ilmenite compositions are estimated by stoichiometric constraints based on three different approaches. Using the calculated multiple magnetite and ilmenite analyses, WinMIgob estimates molecular (%) and mole fractions of magnetite, uvöspinel, ilmenite and hematite amounts. The program evaluates fourteen magnetite–ilmenite geothermom-eters, thirteen oxygen barometers and six relative to the nickel–nickel oxide (NNO) buffer values based on the different calibrations with various calculation methods. WinMIgob also allows the users to check if their magnetite–ilmenite pairs taken from rocks are within or departure from the Bacon–Hirschmann Mg/Mn exchange equilibrium line ± 2σ level. This program generates and stores all the calculated results in the Microsoft Excel file (i.e., Output.xlsx), which can be displayed and processed by any other software for further data presentation and graphing purposes. The compiled program code is distributed as a self-extracting setup file, including a help file, test data files and graphic files, which are intended to produce a high-quality printout.
Organizational-Based Self-Esteem and Organizational Identification as Predictors of Turnover Intention: Mediating Role of Organizational Trust

Purpose- This study aimed to examine the predictive role of organizational-based self-esteem and organizational identification on turnover intention while also studying the mediating effect of organizational trust among employees across five organizations. Design/Methodology- This study utilized the cross-sectional research design and quantitative approach for data collection. The study sample comprises 131 employees drawn from five organizations with a mean age of 33.15 years (SD, 7.97). Standardized instruments (questionnaires) were used for data collection. The IBM-SPSS Statistics and Hayes PROCESS macro (model 4) was used for testing the hypotheses and conducting the mediational analysis. Findings- The results of the study revealed a significant negative relationship between organizational-based self-esteem and turnover intention (β= -.33, p < .01), and also a significant negative relationship between organizational identification and turnover intention (β=-.29, p < .01). Organizational trust was also found to mediate both relationships. Practical Implications- The results of this study highlight the importance of organizational-based self-esteem, organizational identification and trust in reducing turnover intention. The study recommends that to keep employees in the organization, human resources management (HRM) needs to foster trust, build practice that will promote identification and attachment, and enhance the relationship between the organization and employees.
Factors affecting survival after palliative radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer

Background Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. It is estimated that 60% of patients with NSCLC at time of diagnosis have advanced disease. The aim of this study was to identify factors that play a major role in the survival of lung cancer patients treated with palliative radiotherapy. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed data of 280 lung cancer patients treated with palliative radiotherapy from January 2013 to December 2017. A multivariate analysis using the proportional hazards model of Cox was conducted. Also, Kaplan Meier curves were used to describe the distribution of survival times of the patients. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results The mean age at diagnosis was 65.6 years. About 77.5% of patients were male and 22.5% were female. In our cohort > 95% had stage 4 lung cancer. Most cases were adenocarcinomas (72.5%) and ECOG-PS 0–1 (80.4%). Different sites were submitted to palliative treatment: 120 brain metastases, 96 bone metastases, 53 lung tumour, 8 lymph nodes and 3 lung metastases. Brain as first site of palliative radiotherapy (HR: 1.553, 95% CI: 1.167–2.067, p = 0.003) and ECOG-PS 2–3 compared with ECOG-PS 0–1 (HR: 2.253, 95% CI: 1.546–3.283, p ≤ 0.001) were associated with increased likelihood of lung cancer death. Patients who received biological therapy had 70.7% (p ≤ 0.001) reduction in lung cancer death risk. Conclusion Brain as the first metastatic site treated with radiotherapy and ECOG-PS 2–3 are associated with increased lung cancer death. Biological therapy was associated with decreased death risk.
NURSING STUDENTS’ CHALLENGES REGARDING THEIR EXPECTATIONS AND SATISFACTION BEFORE AND AFTER ATTENDING DELIVERY ROOM

Background:It is dynamic and difficult to study midwifery, and is students accepted into the labor wards or not this affects the students learning. Therefore the study aimed to assess the challenges of nursing students regarding their expectations and satisfaction before and after entering delivery room. Method: An exploratory descriptive study design was used Sample: A purposive sample, all technical institute nursing students (91) who were attending the delivery unit during studying maternity and neonatal nursing course at study year 2018-2019, Setting: in General Damietta hospital. Tools: two tools, a selfadministered questionnaire of three parts was developed by the researchers, includes questions about the students’ expectations, students' knowledge about labor and satisfaction, and a modified scale was also used. Results: Regarding students' expectations more than two third of students expected to be welcomed from mothers, and around half of students expected that nurses following the principle of infection control, nurses instructed women regarding bearing down and less than two-thirds of them were satisfied with the practical training and a sense of belonging and identity. Conclusion: Nursing students are faced with many challenges in the clinical learning, there were highly statically significant differences found between before and after entrance for many of their expectations, and some ’expectations were achieved. Students were satisfied with their clinical achievements after attending delivery room. Recommendations: Implement Students orientation programs pre attending delivery room include, prepare students, avoid causes of students fears and anxiety, and increase training through simulators, videos and integration of nursing ethics.
Interannual variability of mid‐summer heat wave frequency over the Sichuan Basin

Heat waves generally hit the Sichuan Basin (SCB) in summer, especially in July and August. This study investigates the interannual variability of mid‐summer heat wave frequency (HWF) over the SCB. The leading mode of the SCB mid‐summer HWF, which explains 48% of the total variance, exhibits an uniform spatial pattern and an increasing trend. This leading pattern mainly dominated by two factors: the mid‐to‐upper‐level height anomalies over western Europe and tropical convection anomalies. On one hand, the mid‐level height anomalies over western Europe could affect the HWF over most parts of the SCB by inducing an eastward‐propagating atmospheric teleconnection wave train to northeastern Asia, which causes a northwestward shifted western North Pacific subtropical high, leading to significant subsidence anomalies over the SCB, hence induces less cloudiness and below‐normal precipitation in‐situ. Consequently, there are increased surface solar radiation and decreased soil moisture over the region, favouring the occurrence of HWs there. On the other hand, the enhanced Philippine Sea convection and suppressed tropical eastern Indian Ocean convection excite an anomalous lower‐tropospheric cyclone dominant over the western North Pacific and southern China, which could weaken the transport of water vapour from the tropic oceans to the northeastern SCB and then contributes to decreased precipitation, favouring a higher HWF.
Effect of Seasonal Fluctuations on the Nutrient Content of Whole Body of Callinectes pallidus

Due to the effect of species, age, sex, environment and season on the nutrientcomposition of seafood, the effect of seasonal fluctuations on the nutrient content of whole body of Callinectes pallidus caught during dry and wet seasonswas investigated.The proximate composition of the whole body of Callinectes pallidus caught in the month of February (dry season) and June (rainy season)was determined using standard methods, the fatty acid composition was analysed using Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrophotometer and the amino acid composition was analyzed using Amino Acid Analyzer. Parameters such as crude fat, ash content and carbohydrateshowed significant difference (p<0.05) between Callinectes pallidus caught in February and Junewhile moisture content, crude protein and crude fibreshowed no significant difference (p<0.05). The percentage eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for C. pallidus caught in June (18.47%, 10.53%) was higher than those caught in February (11.21%, 6.90%) while the n6/n-3 ratio of C. pallidus caught in February (1.07) was higher than those caught in June (0.71). Glutamic acid had the highest concentration of non-essential amino acid in C. pallidus caught in Original Research Article Omole et al.; AJACR, 8(2): 16-24, 2021; Article no.AJACR. 66602 17 both seasons while leucine had the highest concentration of essential amino acids. This study showed that C. pallidus caught in wet season had higher crude protein content, polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids than C. pallidus caught in dry season.
Depth and breadth relevance in citation metrics

The Euclidean length of a citation list is ”depth relevant”: the metric increases when citations are transferred from less to more cited papers. We introduce ”breadth relevance”, which favors consistent achievers over onehit wonders. The exponent of the CES aggregator then is less than unity rather than greater than unity, as for depth relevance. Using two datasets on citations of economists for the top 50 U.S. and global universities, simply counting citations maximizes the correlation between the citation metrics of researchers and the peer-reviewed rank of their department. However, citation depth may explain the allocation of researchers across lower-ranked departments. JEL Classification A14 C43 J24
Revisiting the Fundamental Parameters of 49 New Star Clusters in Gaia DR2

Reliable fundamental parameters of star clusters such as distance modulus, metallicity, age, extinction, and binary fraction are of key importance for astrophysical studies. Although a lot of new star clusters were identified from the data of, e.g., Gaia Data Release 2 (Gaia DR2), the fundamental parameters of many clusters were not determined reliably. This work makes use of the photometry data of Gaia DR2 and a good color–magnitude diagram (CMD) analysis tool, Powerful CMD, to determine the fundamental parameters of 49 new star clusters in detail. All CMDs are fitted carefully by both statistics and by eye, to make sure the CMDs are reproduced as well as possible. As a result, the fundamental parameters of 22 clusters are determined reliably, and those of the others are also determined as well as we can. Because the width of the main sequence in the color direction is used, combined with other widely used CMD features to constrain the fundamental parameters, the results of this work are more reliable than those reported by single-star isochrone fits. As a feature of this work, the primordial binary fractions and rotating star fractions of star clusters have been reported, which are useful for many works, in particular for some simulation research.
Relative Roles of Energy and Momentum Fluxes in the Tropical Response to Extratropical Thermal Forcing

This study investigates the transient responses of atmospheric energy and momentum fluxes to a time-invariant extratropical thermal heating in an atmospheric model coupled to an aquaplanet mixed layer ocean with the goal of understanding the mechanisms and time scales governing the extratropical-to-tropical connection. Two distinct stages are observed in the teleconnection: 1) A decrease in the meridional temperature gradient in midlatitudes leads to a rapid weakening of the eddy momentum flux and a slight reduction of the Hadley cell strength in the forced hemisphere. 2) The subtropical trades in the forced hemisphere decrease and reduce evaporation. The resulting change to sea surface temperature leads to the development of a cross-equatorial Hadley cell, and the intertropical convergence zone shifts to the warmer hemisphere. The Hadley cell weakening in the first stage is related to decreased eddy momentum flux divergence, and the response time scale is independent of the mixed layer depth. In contrast, the time taken for the development of the cross-equatorial cell in the latter stage increases as the mixed layer depth increases. Once developed, the deep tropical cross-equatorial cell response is an order of magnitude stronger than the initial subtropical response and dominates the anomalous circulation. The analysis combines the momentum and energetic perspectives on this extratropical-to-tropical teleconnection and moreover shows that the subtropical circulation changes associated with the momentum budget occur with a time scale that is distinct from the deep tropical response determined by the thermal inertia of the tropical ocean.