Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ion isotropy and ion resonant waves in the solar wind: Cassini observations

Electric fields in the solar wind, in the range of one Hertz, are reported for the first time from a 3‐axis stabilized spacecraft. The measurements are made with the Radio and Plasma Wave System (RPWS) experiment on the Cassini spacecraft [Gurnett et al., 2000]. Kellogg [2000] suggested that such waves could be important in maintaining the near‐isotropy of solar wind ions and the validity of MHD for the description of the solar wind. The amplitudes found are larger than those estimated by Kellogg from other measurements, and are due to quasi‐electrostatic waves. These amplitudes are quite sufficient to maintain isotropy of the solar wind ions.
The moderating role of interpersonal problems on baseline emotional intensity and emotional reactivity in individuals with borderline personality disorder and healthy controls

Emotion dysregulation, including higher baseline emotional intensity and emotional reactivity (i.e., increased magnitude of change in emotional responding) is theoretically central to Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, little research has examined which specific emotions individuals with BPD experience emotion dysregulation in. Interpersonal problems also theoretically drive emotion dysregulation in BPD. However, whether interpersonal problems elicit emotion dysregulation for some specific emotions but not others is unclear. This study aimed to assess whether interpersonal problems moderate the relationship between (1) baseline emotional intensity and (2) emotional reactivity in BPD across six specific emotions (i.e., sadness, disgust, fear, shame, guilt, and anger). Borderline Personality Disorder (n = 30) and healthy control (HC; n = 30) groups reported their interpersonal problems at baseline and their emotions before and after listening to a laboratory stressor. For the BPD (but not HC) group, higher interpersonal problems were associated with greater baseline sadness, disgust, fear, shame, and guilt. Across groups, higher interpersonal problems were associated with greater sadness, fear, guilt, and anger, but not disgust, reactivity. Higher interpersonal problems were associated with higher shame reactivity specifically for those with BPD. Targeting interpersonal problems may reduce heightened baseline emotional intensity and emotional reactivity for those with BPD, particularly for shame reactivity in BPD.
EVIDENCE FOR A SHOCK IN INTERSTELLAR PLASMA: VOYAGER 1

Voyager 1 (V1) observed electron plasma oscillations preceding a jump by a factor of 1.4 in the magnetic field intensity B near the end of 2012. The frequency of the electron plasma oscillations gives an electron density ne = 0.05 cm−3, which implies that V1 was immersed in plasma from the interstellar medium. The last day on which plasma oscillations were observed is day 332, 2012, and the jump in the B was centered on day 335, 2012 after a data gap in the wave data. The close association between the electron plasma oscillations and the jump in B suggests a causal connection, such as that frequently observed between electron plasma oscillations and interplanetary shocks at 1 AU. Based on the observed parameters and the smooth profile of B(t), the jump in B appears to be associated with a weak, subcritical, laminar, low beta, quasi-perpendicular, resistive, collisionless shock. However, the width of the jump is of the order of 104 times that expected for such a stationary shock at 1 AU. The large width of the jump in B might be the result of differences between the structure of shocks in the interstellar medium and the plasma near 1 AU. Alternatively, the subcritical resistive shock might have decayed during a few days after producing the plasma waves, leaving a broad profile in B(t) without significantly changing ambient parameters. Another possibility is that the jump in B is a pressure wave.
Electromagnetic effects on the modified two‐stream instability

The linear dispersion relation for electromagnetic waves in a Vlasov plasma with unmagnetized ions and magnetized electrons undergoing an E × B drift is derived and studied. Results show that electromagnetic effects reduce the growth rate of the modified two-stream instability while they spread the region of instability in wave vector space. The possible contribution of this instability to two bow shock parameters, the ratio of electric to magnetic field wave energy densities and the shock width, is discussed.
Treatment with EV-miRNAs Alleviates Obesity-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction in Mice

Most cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be detected circulating in blood. We and others have shown that the microRNA contents of these vesicles induce transcriptomic changes in acceptor cells, contributing to the adjustment of metabolic homeostasis in response to environmental demands. Here, we explore the potential for modulating obesity- and exercise-derived EV-microRNAs to treat the metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity in mice. Treatment with EV-miRNAs alleviated glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in obese mice to an extent similar to that of high-intensity interval training, although only exercise improved cardiorespiratory fitness and decreased body weight. Mechanistically, EV-miRNAs decreased fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways in the liver, reducing hepatic steatosis and increasing insulin sensitivity, resulting in decreased glycemia and triglyceridemia. Our data suggest that manipulation of EV-miRNAs may be a viable strategy to alleviate metabolic dysfunction in obese and diabetic patients who are unable to exercise, although actual physical activity is needed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.
Functional-structural large-scale brain networks are correlated with neurocognitive impairment in acute mild traumatic brain injury

Background This study was conducted to investigate topological changes in large-scale functional connectivity (FC) and structural connectivity (SC) networks in acute mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and determine their potential relevance to cognitive impairment. Methods Seventy-one patients with acute mTBI (29 males, 42 females, mean age 43.54 years) from Nanjing First Hospital and 57 matched healthy controls (HC) (33 males, 24 females, mean age 46.16 years) from the local community were recruited in this prospective study. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were acquired within 14 days (mean 3.29 days) after the onset of mTBI. Then, large-scale FC and SC networks with 116 regions from the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) brain atlas were constructed. Graph theory analysis was used to analyze global and nodal metrics. Finally, correlations were assessed between topological properties and neurocognitive performances evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Bonferroni correction was performed out for multiple comparisons in all involved analyses. Results Compared with HC, acute mTBI patients had a higher normalized clustering coefficient (γ) for FC (Cohen’s d=4.076), and higher γ and small worldness (σ) for SC (Cohen’s d=0.390 and Cohen’s d=0.395). The mTBI group showed aberrant nodal degree (Dc), nodal efficiency (Ne), and nodal local efficiency (Nloc) for FC and aberrant Dc, nodal betweenness (Bc), nodal clustering coefficient (NCp) and Ne for SC mainly in the frontal and temporal, cerebellum, and subcortical areas. Acute mTBI patients also had higher functional-structural coupling strength at both the group and individual levels (Cohen’s d=0.415). These aberrant global and nodal topological properties at functional and structural levels were associated with attention, orientation, memory, and naming performances (all P<0.05). Conclusions Our findings suggested that large-scale FC and SC network changes, higher correlation between FC and SC and cognitive impairment can be detected in the acute stage of mTBI. These network aberrances may be a compensatory mechanism for cognitive impairment in acute mTBI patients.
Thermo-Elastodifusive Waves in Semiconductor Excitation Medium with Laser Pulses under Two Temperature Photo-Thermoelasticity Theory

The current work aims to investigate elasto-thermodiffusive wave propagation in a homogeneous, isotropic, and thermally conducting excited semiconductor medium. The two-temperature theory is utilized in the context of the linear photo-thermoelasticity (PTE) theory of semiconductors. Thermal and elastic memories found in the equations for heat, motion, and charge carrier field are taken into account. The governing equations are applied according to the mass-diffusion transport processes in one dimension (1D), under the influence of optoelectronics with a non-Gaussian laser pulse. Laplace transforms for dimensionless quantities are utilized to obtain the analytical linear solutions for the main quantities during thermoelastic (TD) and electronic (ED) deformation. The numerical approximations solutions of the primary relevant relations are done in the Laplace inverse time domain to observe the exact expressions of the main physical quantities according to some boundary surface conditions. The physical parameters of silicon (Si) semiconductor material are used to obtain the numerical computational results. According to the difference of the thermal memories and two-temperature parameters, the wave propagation of the physical fields is obtained graphically and the results are discussed and analyzed theoretically.
Ketamine Infusion for Sedation and Analgesia during Mechanical Ventilation in the ICU: A Multicenter Evaluation

Methods We reviewed the electronic medical record of critically ill adults who received a continuous infusion of ketamine for ≥24 hours during invasive mechanical ventilation in three hospitals over a two-year period. We captured data including ketamine indication, dose, unintended effects, and adjustments to coadministered sedatives or opioids. We analyzed these data to determine the incidence of reported unintended effects of ketamine infusion (primary outcome) and changes in exposure to coadministered sedatives or opioids during ketamine use (secondary outcome). Results 95 mechanically ventilated adults received a ketamine infusion for a median duration of 75 hours (interquartile range [IQR] 44–115) at a mean ± standard deviation (SD) infusion rate of 1.3 ± 0.5 mg/kg/hour for the first 24 hours. At least one unintended effect attributed to ketamine was documented in 24% of cases, most frequently tachycardia (6%) and sialorrhea (6%). Other sedative or opioid infusions were administered with ketamine in 76% and 92% of cases, respectively. Comparing the total amount of sedative or opioid administered in the 24 hours prior to ketamine infusion with the total amount administered during the first 24 hours on ketamine, there were no significant differences in propofol, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine exposure, but the average fentanyl exposure was higher after ketamine (2740 ± 1812 mcg) than before (1975 ± 1860 mcg) (absolute difference 766 mcg, 95% confidence interval [CI] 442 to 1089 mcg). Conclusions In this multicenter cohort of critically ill, mechanically ventilated adults, ketamine infusion was primarily used as an adjunct to conventional sedative and opioid infusions, with noticeable but unintended effects potentially related to ketamine in nearly one-quarter of cases.
The Effect of Anthocyanins from Dioscorea alata L. on Antioxidant Properties of Perinatal Hainan Black Goats and Its Possible Mechanism in the Mammary Gland

Simple Summary As they are the primary meat goats of Hainan, how to safely and stably transport Hainan black goats through the perinatal period has become one of the major issues. Likewise, anthocyanin-rich Dioscorea alata L. is grown to some extent in Hainan but is wasted in great quantities. The aim of this paper is to explore the effect of Dioscorea alata L. anthocyanins (DAC) on the antioxidant capacity of perinatal Hainan black goats, as well as the possible mechanism on the effect of prior protection, thereby enhancing the reproductive ability of goats and developing characteristic forage resources. Our results indicated feeding a diet in which Dioscorea alata L. powder replaces 30% of corn can increase the antioxidant capacity of perinatal female goats and newborn kids. Furthermore, under H2O2 stress, the use of DAC to treat goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC) may serve an effective pre-protective function. This will provide data to support the protection of perinatal black goat females and the development of specific food resources. Abstract (1) Background: The mammary glands of the perinatal goats are susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative injury. Although Dioscorea alata L. is rich in anthocyanins with high safety and excellent free-radical-scavenging ability, the effect and mechanism of Dioscorea alata L. anthocyanins (DAC) on the antioxidant capacity of the black Hainan goat has been the subject of few studies to date; (2) Methods: For this reason, feeding experiments were performed by feeding experimental diets, and the pre-protective capacity of DAC on goat mammary epithelial cells was explored on the basis of the established model of H2O2 injury; (3) Results: As well as altering rumen fermentation parameters in perinatal female goats, dietary challenge also improves antioxidant capacity in their blood and milk. thereby enhancing children’s antioxidant capacity and increasing their resistance to oxidative stress. However, we also found that DAC pretreatment was capable of activating both Nrf2 and MAPK/JNK pathways, which results in enhanced antioxidase activity and elimination of ROS; (4) Conclusions: Together, these findings suggest that DAC may have a pre-protective role on perinatal Hainan black goats through the regulation of Nrf2 and MAPK/JNK pathways in GMEC.
Low Resource Retrieval Augmented Adaptive Neural Machine Translation

We propose KNN-Kmeans MT, a sample efficient algorithm that improves retrieval based augmentation performance in low resource settings by adding an additional K-means filtering layer after the KNN step. KNN-Kmeans MT like its predecessor retrieval augmented machine translation approaches (Khandelwal et al. [2020]) doesn’t require any additional training and outperforms the existing methods in low resource settings. The additional K-means step makes the model more robust to noise. We benchmark our proposed approach on EMEA and JTRC-Acquis dataset and see 0.2 points improvement in BLEU score on an average in low resource settings. More importantly, the trend of improvement from high to low resource setting is consistently obvious across both the datasets. We conjecture that the observed improvement is a consequence of eliminating bad neighbors as their retrieval databases are small and retrieving a fixed number of neighbors leads to adding noise to the model. The simplicity of the approach makes it a promising direction in opening up the use of retrieval augmentation in low resource setting.
Judging the True Health of Finance Institutions Based on Risk Behavior and Operation Performance

As the core of the fnancial system, fnancial institutions are playing a signifcant role in fnancial stability in the process of development; traditional analysis mainly discusses the institution’s revenue of assets. However, the current fnancial stability system pays more attention to fnancial institution risk behavior and operational efciency; to solve the previous two issues, we propose the two-stage model. Firstly, we measure the dynamic fnancial institution’s risk behavior coefcient based on the volatility and return principle for diferent institutions. Secondly, according to the cross-efciency principle, diferent fnancial institution operation efciencies that assimilate risk behavior will be obtained, and the institution risk behavior valve is also given. Finally, we analyze the 31 banks listed in China to verify the validity and applicability of the two-stage model; the model has made a certain theoretical contribution to the fnancial institution analysis model, especially when we consider the risk behavior and multiple indexes. Terefore, the two-stage model that we built can help investors make a portfolio in banking enterprises; it also can help fnancial institutions evaluate their risk behavior for making an optimal decision and help government agencies to supervise banks based on their risk behavior.
Survey on Recent Trends in Medical Image Classification Using Semi-Supervised Learning

Training machine learning and deep learning models for medical image classification is a challenging task due to a lack of large, high-quality labeled datasets. As the labeling of medical images requires considerable time and effort from medical experts, models need to be specifically designed to train on low amounts of labeled data. Therefore, an application of semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods provides one potential solution. SSL methods use a combination of a small number of labeled datasets with a much larger number of unlabeled datasets to achieve successful predictions by leveraging the information gained through unsupervised learning to improve the supervised model. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the latest SSL methods proposed for medical image classification tasks.
Effects of Physical Exercise on Mobile Phone Addiction in College Students: The Chain Mediation Effect of Psychological Resilience and Perceived Stress

Smartphones have become an integral part of people’s daily lives. While bringing convenience, mobile phone addiction caused by overuse of smart phones has become a common phenomenon among college students. The current study aimed to examine the serial mediating role of psychological resilience and perceived stress between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction of college students. Using the PARS-3 scale, CD-RISC-10 scale, PSS-10 scale, and MPA scale, 257 college students were investigated and Structural Equation Model (SEM) was conducted. The results show that: (1) Physical exercise has no significant direct impact on mobile phone addiction. (2) Psychological resilience has a significant mediating effect between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction. But perceived stress does not. (3) Psychological resilience and perceived stress play a chain mediation role. Physical exercise can enhance psychological resilience firstly, thus relieving perceived stress and eventually mitigating mobile phone addiction.
Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular System: An Intricate Balance of Health and the Diseased State

Gut microbiota encompasses the resident microflora of the gut. Having an intricate relationship with the host, it plays an important role in regulating physiology and in the maintenance of balance between health and disease. Though dietary habits and the environment play a critical role in shaping the gut, an imbalance (referred to as dysbiosis) serves as a driving factor in the occurrence of different diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). With risk factors of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc., CVD accounts for a large number of deaths among men (32%) and women (35%) worldwide. As gut microbiota is reported to have a direct influence on the risk factors associated with CVDs, this opens up new avenues in exploring the possible role of gut microbiota in regulating the gross physiological aspects along the gut–heart axis. The present study elaborates on different aspects of the gut microbiota and possible interaction with the host towards maintaining a balance between health and the occurrence of CVDs. As the gut microbiota makes regulatory checks for these risk factors, it has a possible role in shaping the gut and, as such, in decreasing the chances of the occurrence of CVDs. With special emphasis on the risk factors for CVDs, this paper includes information on the prominent bacterial species (Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes and others) towards an advance in our understanding of the etiology of CVDs and an exploration of the best possible therapeutic modules for implementation in the treatment of different CVDs along the gut–heart axis.
A Comprehensive Quality Meta-Review of Genetic and Pharmacogenomic Aspects of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of The Jaw (MRONJ)

Background: Antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications can cause a serious adverse effect known as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). In recent years, a new trend of research has emerged emphasizing the potential relation of MRONJ and genetic predisposition. Current evidence-based science of this adverse reaction is associated with poorly performed studies. Additionally, MRONJ research has recently observed a new trend of studies orientated towards the misuse of reviews. This quality meta-review intends to summarize the results of all systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have been published on MRONJ in relation to genetic and pharmacogenomics risk factors. Methods: The research study protocol was registered into the database of the International Network for the Registration of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (INPLASY) INPLASY202230002. A comprehensive search across several databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) was conducted to locate multi-language papers published between January 2003 and November 2022. Data were collected from relevant research studies and appraised in accordance with the precise outcomes described in this evaluation. Results: Only five systematic reviews and meta-analyses were analysed in this meta-review. All the reviews included in this research presented qualities mistakes and shortcomings. Two quality assessment tools (Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (CERQual) and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2)) were used to evaluate each study included in this research. Conclusions: The data evaluated by this meta-review confirmed the poor-quality secondary research underpinning the genetic/pharmacogenomics aspect of MRONJ. Moreover, this study highlighted the many flaws of the current published systematic and meta-analysis studies published so far.
Neumann–Rosochatius system for (m,n) string in Ad S 3 × S 3 with mixed ﬂux

SL ( 2 , Z ) invariant action for probe ( m , n ) string in AdS 3 × S 3 × T 4 with mixed three-form ﬂuxes can be described by an integrable deformation of an one-dimensionalNeumann–Rosochatius(NR)system.Wepresent the deformed features of the integrable model and study general class of rotating and pulsating solutions by solving the integrable equations of motion. For the rotating string, the explicit solutions can be expressed in terms of elliptic functions. We make use of the integrals of motion to ﬁnd out the scaling relation among conserved charges for the particular case of constant radii solutions. Then we study the closed ( m , n ) string pulsating in R t × S 3 . We ﬁnd the string proﬁle and calculate the total energy of such pulsating string in terms of oscillation number ( N ) and angular momentum ( J ) .
Towards model descriptions of the latest data by the NA61/SHINE collaboration on 40 Ar + 45 Sc and 7 Be + 9 Be interactions

Application of the HIJING, EPOS 1.99, UrQMD and Geant4 FTF models for the analysis of experimental data by the collaboration is considered. A short description of the models is given. It is shown that the FTF (FRITIOF) model of the Geant4 toolkit describes well the NA61/SHINE data on π − meson rapidity distributions in 40 Ar + 45 Sc interactions at √ s NN = 5.2and6.1GeV.Athigherenergies, √ s NN = 7.6, 8.8, 11.9 and 16.8 GeV, the model underestimates the data by 13%, 14%, 14% and 27%, respectively. The model also describes well the analogous data for 7 Be + 9 Be interactions at all energies ( √ s NN = 6.1–16.8 GeV). It is the best model description among the descriptions of other models considered by the collaboration.