Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why don't auditors use computer-assisted audit techniques? study at small public accounting firms

This study aims to examine the effect of technology, organization, and environment on the use of Computer-Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs). The object of this study is the auditors working at Public Accounting Firms in Jakarta area. Sampling is done using purposive sampling technique. Data collection is carried out through questionnaires. The research method used is associative research with Partial Least Square (PLS), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and Parallel Least Square (PLS) approaches. The results of this study show that technology, organization, and environment (TOE) do not have a significant effect on the use of CAATs. The easy and fast access to technology systems (CAATs) has not been supported by good auditor resources. The ability and skills of users are still inadequate and there are no auditors who have certification related to the use of CAATs. The audit process does not require so many complex technological roles, but simple technology that can cover the entire audit process. Most auditors use Microsoft Excel / Word in the audit process. In this case, the auditors at least have already used audit software. Small or large clients do not matter what type of CAATs the auditor uses.
DO GREEN MARKETING AND GREEN BRAND AWARENESS INFLUENCE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

The importance of this study in bridging the gap between existing research literature works by analysing the influence of green marketing and awareness of the green brand on customer satisfaction of mineral water products. The analysis adopted a quantitative and analytical approach by administering structured questionnaires. The questionnaire developed based on the objectives of the research and the analysis of the relevant literature on green marketing, green brand awareness, and customer satisfaction. The results revealed green marketing had no influence on customer satisfaction in the case of the Pristine 8 + bottled mineral water customers. However, it was found that green brand awareness has a positive influence on customer satisfaction. Green marketing and green brand awareness simultaneously have a positive influence on customer satisfaction of the Pristine 8 + bottled mineral water brand. This study expands the scientific literature by providing empirical evidence on green marketing, green brand awareness on customer satisfaction that also can use as a consideration that might help companies to make decisions that will allow them to surpass their competitors through green marketing and green brand awareness, and to meet their customer satisfaction.
Yield Performance of Soybean (Glycine max L.) in Madhya Pradesh

KrishiVigyan Kendra, Burhanpur conducted 60 demonstrations on soybean during 2010 to 2014 in four adopted villages. The critical inputs were identiied in existing production technology through farmers meeting and group discussions with the farmers. Average higher yield (2009.6 kg/ha) was obtained in demo plot over local check (1698.6 kg/ha) and an additional yield of 18.33 per cent was obtained in the demonstration plot. Average yield gap and technology index were found 290 kg/haand 12.62 per cent, respectively.Averages of gross and net returns of demonstration were 25.60 and 37.53 per cent higher than the farmers’ practice, respectively.It was found that the percentage of damaged plant was lower in demonstration compared to farmers’ practice. The seed treatment with thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 3g/ kgfollowed by spraying of thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 100 g/ha at the lowering and pod initiation stage inhibited stem ly attackconsequently lesser premature shedding of pods as compared to farmers’ practice. Results suggested economic viability and agronomic feasibility of the FLD technology for soybean cultivation.
Do you know your r2?

The prediction of solubility of drugs usually calls on the use of several open-source/commercially-available computer programs in the various calculation steps. Popular statistics to indicate the strength of the prediction model include the coefficient of determination (r2), Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (rPearson), and the root-mean-square error (RMSE), among many others. When a program calculates these statistics, slightly different definitions may be used. This commentary briefly reviews the definitions of three types of r2 and RMSE statistics (model validation, bias compensation, and Pearson) and how systematic errors due to shortcomings in solubility prediction models can be differently indicated by the choice of statistical indices. The indices we have employed in recently published papers on the prediction of solubility of druglike molecules were unclear, especially in cases of drugs from ‘beyond the Rule of 5’ chemical space, as simple prediction models showed distinctive ‘bias-tilt’ systematic type scatter.
Moderating Effect of Posttraumatic Growth on the Relationship Between Social Support and Quality of Life in Colorectal Cancer Patients With Ostomies

Background Little research has examined the moderating influence of posttraumatic growth (PTG) on the relationship between social support and quality of life. Objectives This study examined the relationship between social support and quality of life by the level of PTG in colorectal cancer patients with ostomies. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, colorectal cancer patients with ostomies (n = 140) were recruited using convenience sampling. The City of Hope Quality of Life–Ostomy, the Multidimensional Scale of Social Support, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory measured quality of life, social support, and PTG, respectively. Results Social support and PTG were positively related to psychological and social well-being. Higher social support was associated with better psychological and social well-being. Posttraumatic growth moderated the relationship between psychological and social well-being. At a low and moderate level of PTG, social support was more strongly associated with psychological and social well-being, whereas at high levels, this association was not significant. Conclusions Findings highlight the significance of social support to improve the quality of life for colorectal cancer patients with an ostomy, particularly those with low levels of PTG. Implications for Practice Screening for patients’ positive cognitive adaptations while living with an ostomy could identify those who might need further social support to improve their quality of life. Further, intensive social support programs might promote the quality of life for colorectal patients with an ostomy, which was found to be effective for those with low levels of PTG.
Terrain, politics, history

This article is based on the 2019 Dialogues in Human Geography plenary lecture at the Royal Geographical Society. It has four parts. The first discusses my work on territory in relation to recent work by geographers and others on the vertical, the volumetric, the voluminous, and the milieu as ways of thinking space in three-dimensions, of a fluid and dynamic earth. Second, it proposes using the concept of terrain to analyse the political materiality of territory. Third, it adds some cautions to this, through thinking about the history of the concept of terrain in geographical thought, which has tended to associate it with either physical or military geography. Finally, it suggests that this work is a way geographers might begin to respond to the challenge recently made by Bruno Latour, where he suggests that ‘belonging to a territory is the phenomenon most in need of rethinking and careful redescription; learning new ways to inhabit the Earth is our biggest challenge’. Responding to Latour continues this thinking about the relations between territory, Earth, land, and ground, and their limits.
Bacterial analysis of biofilms from tooth root surfaces presenting different caries activity

This study evaluated the numbers and determined the proportion of mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. , which are possible relevant cariogenic organisms, in biofilms recovered from lesions at root surfaces with active caries lesions (ARC), inactive caries lesions, and sound root surfaces (SRS). Samples were cultured in MSB agar for mutans streptococci counts, Rogosa agar for Lactobacillus spp. counts, and brain-heart infusion agar for total viable anaerobic counts. After incubation, the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was determined and compared between groups by the Mann-Whitney U test with a significance level set at 95%. The proportion of counts of mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. in the total viable microorganisms was also analyzed by Chi-square test. Ninety samples (30 from each surface) from 37 patients were cultured and analyzed. The CFU was similar between mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. These species were present in at least half of the samples and no difference was found in the frequency of isolation of these species. Only 6 samples showed a proportion of more than 10% of mutans streptococci; 4 of the samples were from ARC. Most (93%) SRS samples did not contain viable Lactobacillus spp. The data indicate the low counts of mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. in root surfaces, regardless of the activity of caries lesions.
High HIV prevalence in an early cohort of hospital admissions with COVID-19 in Cape Town, South Africa.

BACKGROUND South Africa (SA) has a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis. Cape Town was the SA metropole most affected in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Early observational data from Africa may provide valuable insight into what can be expected as the pandemic expands across the continent. OBJECTIVES To describe the prevalence, clinical features, comorbidities and outcome of an early cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients admitted with COVID-19. METHODS This was a descriptive observational study of an early cohort of adults with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted from 25 March to 11 May 2020. RESULTS Of 116 patients (mean age 48 years, 61% female) admitted, 24 were HIV-positive (21%). The most common symptoms reported were cough (n=88; 73%), shortness of breath (n=78; 69%), fever (n=67; 59%), myalgia (n=29; 25%) and chest pain (n=22; 20%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (n=46; 41%), diabetes mellitus (n=43; 38%), obesity (n=32; 28%) and HIV (n=24; 21%). Mortality was associated with older age (mean (standard deviation) 55 (12) years v. 46 (14) years; p<0.01); the presence of hypertension or hypertension along with diabetes and/or obesity; lower partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio; and higher urea level, white cell count, neutrophil count, and C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin levels, and high neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. The overall survival rate for all hospital admissions was 86/116 (73%). In this early cohort, survival was similar in patients with HIV (n=18; 75%) compared with those without HIV (n=67; 75%) (p=1). Of the 74 patients admitted to the wards, 63 (85%) survived, whereas 22 of 42 (52%) admitted to the intensive care unit survived. CONCLUSIONS Patients with HIV infection represented a large proportion of all COVID-19 admissions. The presentation and outcome of patients with HIV did not differ significantly from those of patients without HIV.
Mismatched spatial scales can limit the utility of citizen science data for estimating wildlife‐habitat relationships

Funding information Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration; Illinois Natural History Survey Abstract While most carnivore populations are declining worldwide, some species are successfully living in human-modified landscapes. For example, coyotes (Canis latrans) have expanded their range across North America and into many urban areas making it important to understand factors influencing broad-scale patterns of occurrence. We used citizen science data in the form of coyote observations by archery deer hunters from throughout the state of Illinois to evaluate factors affecting coyote detection and occupancy. Our statewide participant-level occupancy estimate (0.63) was 58% greater than our naïve occupancy estimate (0.40) while detection probability was <0.25, highlighting the importance of using modeling frameworks that account for imperfect detection when modeling occupancy of cryptic species with low detection rates. Time period (AM/PM) had the largest effect on detection of coyotes, with detections greater in the AM. The number of hours hunted (analogous to effort) also impacted coyote detection, with more hours hunted increasing coyote detections. In contrast, none of the landscape covariates examined had strong effects on coyote occupancy. While coyote ubiquity and generalist habitat use may at least partially explain our results, we suspect it also is because the landscape covariates were measured at the county level, as more precise participant location data were unavailable, whereas participants effectively surveyed a much smaller area. Since scale affects the strength and direction of species-habitat relationships, this scale mismatch is likely an important limitation when using many sources of citizen scientist observations to infer species-habitat relationships for widespread generalist species when precise participant location data are unavailable.
The Role of desat1 in Courtship and Pheromone Synthesis of Male and Female Drosophila Melanogaster

Sexual reproduction has fascinated scientists for centuries. The analysis of animal sexual behavior has helped to enlighten human sexual behavior (Ågmo and Ellingsen 2003). One area of contention in human sexual behavior is the effect pheromones have on humans. It has been argued that that due to our higher order of thinking, we can override the base biological need to choose a mate based on pheromones. However, through studying model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster, it can be seen that pheromones play a larger role in mate choice than originally thought (Pfaus et al 2003). In this project, Drosophila melanogaster was used to study the role of pheromones in courtship. Drosophila males are known for an intricate courtship dance that is primarily controlled through the pheromones the males and females emit. However, there are several mutations that affect the pheromones and how they are interpreted by Drosophila. A mutation of interest is desat1. desat1 is a mutation that affects male Drosophila. desat1 mutants lack desat1 desaturase. desat1 desaturase promotes desaturation of the fatty acids that contribute to the courtship stimulatory pheromones. Without desat1 desaturase, very few correct courtship stimulatory pheromones are produced (Ueyama et al 2005). Beyond desat1 mutant’s tendency to mate quickly, not much is understood about the effects the lack of courtship stimulatory pheromones have on other flies (Houot et al 2012). There is also not much understood about a phenomenon observed in courtship assays between a desat1 male, desat1 female, and a wild-type female. If a desat1 male is put in this situation, it will almost always choose the desat1 female (Houot et al 2012). This phenomenon has not been widely studied and was the focus of the experiment. The literature states that the desat1 females behave like wild-type females (Houot et al 2012). When desat1 females are presented with wild-type males, their courtship assays are identical to that of the wild-type/wildtype pairings. However, no research has been done on whether or not there is a difference in the pheromones desat1 females are emitting. It is possible that they are emitting a pheromone that, under normal conditions, has no effect on mating but when this pheromone is encountered by the desat1 mutant, it overrides anything it senses from the wild-type female.
Pola asuh dan budaya: Studi komparatif antara masyarakat urban dan masyarakat rural Indonesia

Pola asuh memiliki peran yang krusial dalam hampir seluruh aspek perkembangan anak, terutama aspek kognitif, emosi serta sosial. Perbedaan budaya dalam pola asuh, khususnya kemungkinan adanya perbedaan subkultur seperti etnis dan konteks urban serta rural masih jarang dieksplorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah memang terdapat perbedaan pola asuh antar etnis dan antar masyarakat urban (vs. rural) di Indonesia. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah perempuan yang sudah menjadi ibu. Sebanyak 383 perempuan dengan status ibu dari Jabodetabek (N = 204), Magelang/Jawa (N = 101) dan Bukittinggi/Minang (N = 78) berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil utama penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai budaya (kolektivisme dan individualisme) serta praktek pengasuhan (conformity dan autonomy) di daerah urban dan rural. Dimensi kolektivisme, conformity dan autonomy menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan ketika dibandingkan pada tiga wilayah (Jabodetabek, Magelang, dan Bukittinggi). Jabodetabek cenderung lebih tinggi pada dimensi kolektivisme dan autonomy; Magelang pada dimensi conformity. Ketika variabel covariates dikontrol, maka dimensi individualisme menjadi signifikan bersama dengan dimensi kolektivisme, autonomy dan conformity.
An Evaluation of Using Enhanced Digital Microscopy to Estimate Ages of Short-Beaked Common Dolphins, Delphinus Delphis

Precision and bias in age estimates of short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) teeth were compared between two readers and two viewing platforms: a compound light microscope and a digital image analyzer. Coefficients of variation for both readers ranged from 11.5% to 11.7% on the microscope and from 9.0 % to 14.4% on the image analyzer. For both readers, precision of age estimates was not significantly different between viewing platforms, and precision was not correlated with age (i.e. number of growth layer groups (GLGs) counted) for either reader on either viewing platform. For specimens with ten GLGs or more, age estimates by Reader 1 were not significantly different between viewing platforms, whereas Reader 2 made lower estimates on the image analyzer compared to the microscope. This negative bias in estimating age for older animals by Reader 2 is likely due to a change in technique when using the image analyzer, which can likely be remedied by improving the training protocol for using the image analyzer. Use of the digital image analyzer is promising for age estimation primarily because precision was comparable to traditional light microscopy. However, the system provides additional benefits by enabling reference GLGs to be marked, and as a storage medium resistant to fading.
The impact of forest resource decline: Analyzing forest-related income supplements to reduce income inequality and poverty of the Kouy indigenous people living in Kampong Thom province, Cambodia

ABSTRACT The study examines the effects of declining forest resources on income inequality and poverty among indigenous people and the impact of forest-related income supplements. We conducted surveys and used the Gini index to compute the contribution of income earned from (1) agriculture, (2) forest-related resources, and (3) self-employment and wages, and to assess the income inequality of households in the study sites. The Gini index of the total income from three clusters of income generating activities was 0.45. Cluster 1: agricultural production was the largest source of income (Gini = 0.30). The share of income from Cluster 2 (Gini index = 0.49), from community forestry and sustainable resource management, including hunting, NTFP collection, selling low quality timber, and plantation farming, contributed an important supplement to reduce income inequality and poverty. Income from Cluster 3 (Gini = 0.93) was highly unequal across the study sites. The indigenous poor remain dependent on forest products for daily food consumption and for additional income. The study suggests that policy makers should urgently consider supporting community forestry and community protected areas by integrating them with payment for ecosystem services. This would help to halt deforestation, promote the welfare of indigenous people, and reduce income inequality in rural communities.
Humoral responses to Cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B vaccine with MF59 adjuvant

Solid organ transplant (SOT) patients are at risk of end-organ diseases such as pneumonitis, hepatitis or enteritis caused by HCMV. HCMV infection can occur via primary infection of a seronegative recipient or upon reinfection or reactivation in a seropositive transplant recipient. Seronegative recipients have the greatest risk of viraemia and disease, showing that pre-existing natural immunity provides substantial protection. This, in turn, underpins vaccination as a viable strategy to control HCMV in the transplant setting. To test this, a clinical trial with a vaccine based on HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) antigen plus MF59 adjuvant was performed in SOT awaiting transplantation. The study showed that antibody titres against the gB antigen were significantly increased in both seropositive and seronegative recipients of the vaccine in comparison to the patients who received placebo, and importantly, higher titres correlated directly with reduced viraemia post-transplant. The aim of my thesis was to identify the component of the specific humoral response responsible for this effect. In comparison with placebo recipients, I could find no evidence for the protection being due to induction of antibodies that mediate neutralisation, antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, or prevent cell to cell spread of virus in culture. In contrast, analysis of antigenic domains of gB bound by the antibodies revealed that vaccination of seropositive individuals enhanced antibody responses against antigenic domain 2 and that these correlated with reduced viraemia post-transplant. Antibodies against three other antigenic domains were induced by the vaccine, but did not correlate with protection. These results suggest that antigenic domain 2 should be an important component of future HCMV vaccines to boost pre-existing immune responses that protect from HCMV infection. The protection afforded to seronegatives remains unidentified, but could be explained if another antigenic domain on gB remains to be discovered.
Plant communities and habitat types in the protected area of Lake Pamvotis (Epirus, Northwestern Greece)

The vegetation of the protected area of Lake Pamvotis (Epirus, NW Greece) was studied and classified into habitat types according to the Council Directive 92/43/EEC. The main vegetation types encountered in the Ioannina Basin and the south-western part of Mt Mitsikeli are: (1) Quercus coccifera shrublands, (2) degraded deciduous oak forests, (3) Mediterranean arborescent mattorals with Juniperus, (4) Oro-Mediterranean heathlands, (5) willow low open forests, (6) οriental plane woods, (7) plant communities supported by calcareous substrates, (8) aquatic macrophyte assemblages, (9) reed beds and rush meadows. Twenty plant communities belonging to twelve alliances, eleven orders, and ten phytosociological classes were discerned. The Asplenio ceterach-Aurinietum saxatilae is described as a new association and the Eleocharito palustris-Alismatetum lanceolati is reported for the first time from Greece. Eleven habitat types were identified and their conservation status was assessed. Three habitat types (4090, 8210, 91M0) were in favourable conservation status, while one (5210) is in unfavourable-bad conservation status. The rest are in unfavourable-inadequate conservation status, with several pressures and threats recorded.