Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GENETICS AND CELL METABOLISM Oxidative Effects of Chronic Ethanol Consumption on the Functions of Heart and Kidney: Folic Acid Supplementation

Aims: The principal aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the functions of the heart and the kidney and the possible modification of this effect by folic acid supplementation. Moreover, in order to find whether this oxidative profile affects cardiovascular function, parameters such as heart rate and glomerular filtration rate were also assessed. Methods: Four experimental groups of rats were used: control, ethanol-exposed, control supplemented with folic acid and ethanol-exposed plus folic acid. Ethanol-exposed rats were subjected to a chronic ethanol treatment (2 months), in which the level of alcohol reaches 30% v/v. Diet and ethanol solution were provided ad libitum, and folic acid supplementation was 8 vs. 2 ppm. Energy intake, creatinine clearance and heart rate were determined. Antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid and protein peroxi- dation of the kidney and the heart were measured by the spectrophotometric method. Results: Ethanol increases heart size and cata- lase (CAT) activity and decreases lipid peroxidation in heart without changing heart rate. However, in the kidney, ethanol decreases CAT activity, increases lipid peroxidation and decreases glomerular filtration rate. Folic acid supplementation avoids these situations; it does not, however, improve glomerular function. Conclusion: Chronic ethanol consumption has many effects on the antioxidant enzymatic activity of the heart and the kidney, leading to increased renal lipid peroxidation prevented by folic acid supplementation.
New Leptolophus (Palaeotheriidae) Species from the Iberian Peninsula and Early Evidence of Hypsodonty in an Eocene Perissodactyl

ABSTRACT The middle and late Eocene perissodactyl fossil record of western Iberia is characterized by an endemic fauna, which is clearly different from those of northeastern Iberia and other areas of the European archipelago. In this work, we describe three endemic equoid taxa belonging to the family Palaeotheriidae. Two come from the late Eocene site of Zambrana (Miranda-Treviño Basin, Araba/Álava, Spain) and correspond to new species: Leptolophus cuestai, sp. nov., and Leptolophus franzeni, sp. nov. Leptolophus cuestai, sp. nov. is the largest species of Leptolophus and exhibits thick coronal cementum and a very high hypsodonty index, unusual for an Eocene equoid. Leptolophus franzeni, sp. nov. is described from a cranium which includes the canines, which are otherwise unknown in Leptolophus. The third taxon, from the late middle Eocene site of Mazaterón (Almazán Basin, Soria, Spain), described provisionally as Leptolophus sp. , could be another new Iberian species. The Iberian taxa are characterized by having: more hypsodont, lophodont and heterodont dentition than the Central European Leptolophus taxa (L. stehlini, L. nouleti and L. magnus); thicker styles and stylar ribs in the upper jugal teeth; and thicker coronal cementum. The precocious development of coronal cementum and the high hypsodonty index could be related to different foraging conditions (tougher vegetation, more open or drier habitats with a higher consumption of grit in the diet) inhabited by the Iberian Leptolophus species with respect to their Central European contemporaries.
Status of Rural Women in Dairy Farming in Amritsar District of Punjab

The present study examines the status of rural women in dairy farming in Amritsar district of Punjab. The study was based on the primary data collected for 2019-20 year from female dairy farmers selected through multistage purposive sampling technique. The data was analysed by using simple tabular analysis and other statistical tools. All the activities related to dairy farming was performed by female dairy farmers. Small size female dairy farmers performed all the activities related to dairy farming ranging from disposal of cow dung to care of sick and new born animals. Large size female dairy farmers hired labour for dairy activities due to higher income of the households and large number of animals. The role of rural women in decision making is paradoxical to their contribution in dairy farming. For various dairy related decisions like feeding of milch animals, management of milch animals, sale of milk and utilization of amount obtained from dairy farming rural women either only consulted or had no role in decision making. Independent decision making by rural women in dairy related activities was negligible in the study area. The major factors affecting the income of female dairy farmers was education, operated area and herd size. The main problems faced by female dairy farmers were negligible role of dairy farm women in decision making, non availability of adequate veterinary services, illiteracy of dairy farm Original Research Article Kaur et al.; AJAEES, 39(5): 106-113, 2021; Article no.AJAEES. 67955 107 women, lack of staff at government hospitals and lack of capital. The study suggested that to increase the income of rural women from dairy rural women should be more educated and empowered through extension facilities by government. Due to stagnation in growth of agriculture, dairy can be used as an alternative for marginal and small farmers for increasing their income. Marginal and small female dairy farmers should be give more subsidies, loan and training for dairy business. Strict rules should be made regarding working of veterinary hospitals as the doctors were not available in the government veterinary hospitals in the study area.
Effects of a Nurse’s Support for the Adolescent-led HIV/AIDS Sexual Transmission Prevention Program using Social Media

In 2019, 1.1 to 2.4 million adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 were living with HIV worldwide. In Thailand, there were approximately 5,400 new HIV cases among children and adolescents between the ages of 10 to 19 as a result of unprotected sex. This study, using 2-group pretest-posttest and repeated measures quasi-experimental design, examined the effects of the nurse’s support for the adolescents-led HIV/AIDS sexual transmission prevention program using social media on behavioral intention and perceived effectiveness of HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors among adolescents with HIV/AIDS. The study was conducted from April 2016 to July 2017. Purposive sampling was performed to recruit 70 adolescents with HIV/AIDS. The data were collected before day 1 and after receiving the program on days 15 and 30. The program and questionnaires were validated by 3 experts. The reliabilities of the behavioral intentions and perceived effectiveness of HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors questionnaires were examined, yielding Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.80 and 0.96 respectively. Data were analyzed using a Friedman-test, a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test, and a Mann-Whitney U-test. Results revealed that there were significant differences in the overall mean ranks of behavioral intention and perceived effectiveness of HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors at the baseline, on days 15 and 30 in the experimental group (p 0.05). There were significant differences in the mean ranks of behavioral intention and perceived effectiveness of HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors measured on days 15 and 30 between the control and experimental groups (p < 0.001). Thus, nurses implementing a social media program for adolescents with HIV/AIDS may have a significantly positive impact on sexual transmission prevention.
Systematic Modeling and Prompting to Teach Math Skills to Preschoolers With Disabilities

Early math skills predict later academic achievement and are of critical importance in preschool. There also are discrepancies in early math skills of preschoolers with disabilities compared with their typically developing peers. We used an experimental single-case research design, multiple probe across skills, to investigate the effectiveness of systematic modeling with mathematical language and a prompting procedure on increasing the early math skills of two preschoolers with disabilities or delays. A functional relation was observed for one participant. Equivocal findings may be due to the following: (a) challenges in assessing early math skills, which may have affected the identification of appropriate target skills, and (b) the involvement of multiple developmental domains in performing math skills, which may have affected the demonstration of target behaviors for the participant with significant fine motor and language delays.
Innovation and the circular economy: A systematic literature review

The circular economy emerged as an alternative model to the linear system, which now appears to be reaching its physical limitations. To transition to a circular economy, companies must not only be aware of but also engage in more sustainable practices. For such a transition, companies must rethink and innovate their business models and the ways they propose value to their clients while simultaneously considering environmental and social facets. This systematic literature review sought to map out from the company perspective the key topics interrelated with innovation and the circular economy, describing the internal and external factors to consider in such transition processes. Key lines of research were identified, and suggestions for future research and for facilitating movement toward a circular economy are provided. This work contributes to deepening the literature by identifying the priority areas concerning the circular economy and encouraging future research that meets international standards of excellence.
Two Types of Rossby Wave Breaking Events and Their Influences on East Asian Winter Temperature

Manifested as irreversible overturning of potential temperature contours on the tropopause, the Rossby wave breaking (RWB) can impact mid‐latitude weather and climate. Little attention has been paid to the influence of the Rossby wave breaking around East Asia on the East Asian winter climate. The present study reveals that anticyclonic wave breaking (AWB) and cyclonic wave breaking (CWB) events over Siberia and the North Pacific can impact East Asian winter temperature through different dynamical processes. The AWB events are characterized as northeastward intrusion of low‐potential vorticity (PV) air from the subtropics and southwestward extension of high‐PV air from the high latitudes over the western Siberia. The positive Arctic Oscillation (AO) during the AWB is accompanied by a wave train over Eurasia, contributing to the enhancement of the Siberian high, which causes cold anomalies over East Asia. The CWB events are manifested as northwestward intrusion of low‐PV air from the middle latitudes and southeastward extension of high‐PV air from the high latitudes over the western North Pacific. The CWB events are associated with the westward retrogression of the blocking over the North Pacific, leading to intensification of the Siberian high. Furthermore, the CWB forces cyclonic anomalies over East Asia, leading to the deepening of the East Asian trough and cold anomalies there. In addition, the CWB events over the western North Pacific can impact the climate over North America via the Rossby wave train emanating from the CWB region.
The Importance of Crisis Management in Egyptian Hotels and Tourism in Dealing with the Emerging Coronavirus (COVID-19)

(JAAUTH) Vol. 20, No. 4, (2021), PP.337-369. This paper aims are to develop a meaningful procedures for crisis management so that the staff will be able to use it as a valuable tool for positive changes. 300 questionnaires were distributed to employees working in different jobs within different departments in investigated Egyptian hotels only 264 questionnaires were valid and ready to analyse by percentage 88%. The study was conducted from October 2020 till March 2021. The study found that there are significant differences between the employees’ job position categories with regard to rules that hotel should find useful during a crisis. Moreover, Results showed that there is a significant correlation between the guests’ most influential factor of crisis management in Egyptian hotels in dealing with the emerging Coronavirus (COVID-19); The influences of Rules that hotel should find useful during a crisis, extent do hotels support workers to avoid new Corona virus, and the tourism and hospitality leaders and organizations support in Egypt on the benefits. On the other hand, the study assured that result indicated that there is need to avoid overlapping commands between policies and performance of the tourism and hospitality in Egypt; Multiple supervisory authorities for tourist and hospitality facilities in Egypt. Avoid Lack of clarity of vision of the crisis management committee and avoid conflicting decisions and ensure their implementation of the tourism and hospitality in Egypt.
Does Corporate Governance Influence the Firm Value in Bangladesh? A Panel Data Analysis

Corporate governance has been widely debated for over a decade with the collapse of the financial and capital market under the prejudicial roles of regulatory bodies. Therefore, the study examined the impact of corporate governance on firm value in Bangladesh. A total of 63 DSE-listed companies from 2005 to 2019 consisting of 8,505 observations on an average of 15 years were chosen. The subsequent tests for the given data were conducted to identify the appropriate panel data analysis method for adjusted diagnostic problems. In the specific panel data, the Panel Corrected Standard Error (PCSE) was utilised following the application of the random effects method to control econometric limitations. It was revealed that corporate governance lowered firm value when the board structure was familially and politically affiliated and led by CEO-duality. Moreover, the inclusion of dynamic professionals and independent members in the board structure increased the firm value. The use of the corporate governance code was proven to be highly challenging due to the participation of political and family leaders in corporate firms. Additionally, proper law enforcement was required to ensure transparency and accountability, thus reflecting firm value. As previous studies on corporate governance were conducted on a small scale and partial to the context of developing countries, this paper contributes a novel value in identifying and resolving the corporate governance crisis by reforming the board structure with diverse and professional directors. The regulatory bodies require improvement by including autonomous professional and independent members to exercise the corporate governance code.
Double Armature Partitioned Stator Switched Flux PM Machine for Electric Vehicle Applications

This paper investigates the performance of a partitioned stator switched flux PM machine that has double armature windings. The machine design is dedicated for electric vehicle applications. The modular structure, and the operation principles have been explained. Also, the design and optimization procedure for the machine including the rotor and stator number of poles and optimum parameters of the design have been clarified. The performance of the machine is compared with the conventional partitioned stator machine with a cylindrical inner stator and the salient inner stator machines, and the Prius IPM machine. The partitioned stator machines have the same main parameters which are globally optimized for optimum average torque. The comparison is based on the electromagnetic performance in the open-circuit and on-load analysis. The 2D finite element results show the superior performance of the double armature portioned stator machine based on the highest average torque, the minimum cogging torque, and best torque-current density and torque per PM volume characteristics.
An Efficient FPGA-Based Hardware Accelerator for Convex Optimization-Based SVM Classifier for Machine Learning on Embedded Platforms

Machine learning is becoming the cornerstones of smart and autonomous systems. Machine learning algorithms can be categorized into supervised learning (classification) and unsupervised learning (clustering). Among many classification algorithms, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is one of the most commonly used machine learning algorithms. By incorporating convex optimization techniques into the SVM classifier, we can further enhance the accuracy and classification process of the SVM by finding the optimal solution. Many machine learning algorithms, including SVM classification, are compute-intensive and data-intensive, requiring significant processing power. Furthermore, many machine learning algorithms have found their way into portable and embedded devices, which have stringent requirements. In this research work, we introduce a novel, unique, and efficient Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based hardware accelerator for a convex optimization-based SVM classifier for embedded platforms, considering the constraints associated with these platforms and the requirements of the applications running on these devices. We incorporate suitable mathematical kernels and decomposition methods to systematically solve the convex optimization for machine learning applications with a large volume of data. Our proposed architectures are generic, parameterized, and scalable; hence, without changing internal architectures, our designs can be used to process different datasets with varying sizes, can be executed on different platforms, and can be utilized for various machine learning applications. We also introduce system-level architectures and techniques to facilitate real-time processing. Experiments are performed using two different benchmark datasets to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of our hardware architecture, in terms of timing, speedup, area, and accuracy. Our embedded hardware design achieves up to 79 times speedup compared to its embedded software counterpart, and can also achieve up to 100% classification accuracy.
Effect of Weed Management Practices and Fertilizer Levels on Crop Nutrient Uptake and Weed Nutrient Removal in the Hybrid Rice

Aim: Comparative evaluation of weed management practices and fertilizer levels on crop nutrient uptake and weed nutrient removal in the hybrid rice. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with weed management in mainplot and fertilizer levels in sub-plot and was replicated thrice. Place and Duration of Study: Experiment was performed during the kharif period of 2017 at the Research Farm, TCA, Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur (BIHAR). Methodology: The experiment was performed with twelve treatments in a split plot design. The main plot comprised four different weed management practices and under the sub-plot there were three fertilizer levels. Rice hybrid “ARIZE-6444” was taken as the test variety. Observations of the crop and weeds during the experimental duration were recorded at regular intervals, to assess the probable relationship between growth attributes and the final yield. The significance of the treatment impact was examined by the F test. Original Research Article Nagarjuna et al.; IJPSS, 33(10): 62-67, 2021; Article no.IJPSS. 68302 63 Results: Among weed management practices, maximum uptake by rice with respect to nitrogen (152.85 Kg/ha), phosphorous (45.79 Kg/ha) and potassium (187.13 Kg/ha) and minimum removal by weed regarding nitrogen (1.30 Kg/ha), phosphorous (0.54 Kg/ha) and potassium (1.85 Kg/ha) was recorded in treatment hand weeding twice which was observed statistically at par with Bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha + Pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g/ha at 25 DAT. Among fertilizer levels, application of 150 per cent RDF registered the highest portion of nitrogen (130.52 Kg/ha), phosphorous (40.40 Kg/ha) and potassium (164.49 Kg/ha) uptake by rice crop and nutrient removal through weeds is nitrogen (10.65 Kg/ha), phosphorous (4.84 Kg/ha) and potassium (15.59 Kg/ha) of, and respectively. Conclusion: Among different weed management practices combined application of Bispyribacsodium @ 25 g/ha + Pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g/ha at @) DAT or hand weeding twice (20 and 40 DAT) was found effective in controlling weeds and increase in the quality and quantity of rice. Among fertilizer levels application of 125% RDF was found effective in increase in the yield, nutrient content of the crop and substantially reduction of nutrients removed by weed in rice field.
Efficiency of Sulfur-Bentonite Granules to Improve Uptake of Nutrient Elements by the Crop Plant Cultivated in Calcareous Soil

ABSTRACT Nutrient deficiencies in calcareous soils are mostly related to high soil pH whereas sulfur supplement could facilitate nutrient element uptake by the crop plants. However, inefficient sulfur oxidation in soils is a limiting factor for this response. Mixing elemental sulfur with bentonite mineral can increase oxidation of sulfur since bentonite provides the sulfur particles with a better dispersion condition following absorption of water. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of sulfur-bentonite granules with various proportions of bentonite to improve nutrient element uptake by the crop plants cultivated in calcareous soil. Four treatments of the sulfur-bentonite granules having 10, 20, 30 and 40 percentages of bentonite compared to the controls with no granules were applied to maize crop plants (Zea mays L.) cultivated in pots filled with an inoculated calcareous soil using Thiobacillus thioparus. At the end of the 80 days growth period; the results revealed significant soil pH decrease and growth parameters improvement with increasing bentonite proportion of the granules among the treated pots. Anyway, it appeared that a bentonite proportion of more than 30% in the granules can reverse improving trend of growth parameters in the cultivated plant. It was also confirmed that efficiency of the sulfur-bentonite granules is mostly contributed to increasing uptake of micro-nutrients of iron, manganese and copper alongside macro-nutrients of sulfur and phosphorus by the crop plants cultivated in the studied calcareous soil.
New insights of the influence of ocean circulation on the sedimentary distribution in the Southwestern Atlantic margin (23° S to 55° S) based on Nd and Pb isotopic fingerprinting

Abstract. In this work, we provide an extensive inventory of Pb and Nd radiogenic isotopes in surface sediments from the Southwestern Atlantic margin, aiming to interpret the role played by ocean circulation in sediment distribution. There are latitudinal trends for Pb and Nd isotopes, reflecting the different current systems acting on the margin. The utilization of sediment fingerprinting allowed us to associate the isotopic signatures to the main oceanographic forcings in the area. We recognized differences between the Nd and Pb sources for the sediments to the Argentinean shelf, carried by the Subantarctic Shelf Water, and slope, transported by deeper flows. Sediments from Antarctica extend up to the Uruguayan margin, carried by the Upper- and Lower Circumpolar Deep Water. Our data confirm that, for shelf and intermediate (up to 1,200 m water depth) areas, the transfer of sediments from the Argentinean margin to the North of 35° S is limited by the Subtropical Shelf Front and the recirculated Antarctic Intermediate Water. On the southern Brazilian margin, it is possible to recognize the northward influence of the Rio de la Plata sediments carried by the Plata Plume Water. This influence is limited by the southward flow of waters transported by the Brazil Current. Finally, we propose that the Subtropical Shelf Front and the Santos Bifurcation act as boundaries of geochemical provinces in the area. Finally, a qualitative model of sediment sources and transport is provided for the Southwestern Atlantic margin.