Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution of agricultural lands and land ownership in Russia

Among the countries of the world, Russia is one of the richest in agricultural land. However, a quantitative advantage is poorly transformed into a qualitative one. As a result, there has been a gradual decrease in productive land, a decline in crop yields, the use of highly productive lands as less valuable land categories, and land degradation. These negative processes cause severe damage to both the agricultural sector and the country's economy as a whole. One of the reasons for such drawbacks is the underdevelopment of land use processes and forms of land ownership, which discourage land productivity growth and rational use of agricultural lands. In this paper, the authors analyze the most critical challenges in the sphere of agricultural land distribution in Russia and suggest ways to improve the efficiency of land ownership and land use patterns.
HOTS Problem-Solving Ability and Its Relation to Spatial Ability

The ability to solve HOTS problems is an ability that must be possessed by every student, especially in learning mathematics. However, students' ability to solve HOTS problems is not optimal. This can be seen from the low achievement of Indonesia in the PISA and TIMMS tests. This study aims to determine how the ability of students to solve HOTS problems, especially in geometry material, which is seen from the spatial abilities of each student at SMPN 1 Madapangga. This research is qualitative research, with the research subjects being seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Madapangga. The selection of research subjects used purposive sampling. The research subjects were selected based on the results of the spatial ability test. The data collection method used in this study was a test. The data in this study were analyzed in 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study indicate that students who have low spatial abilities cannot analyze, evaluate, develop, and create. Students with moderate spatial ability can analyze but have not been able to evaluate and create. Students with high spatial ability can analyze and evaluate but have not been able to create.
Web survey paradata on response time outliers

In the last two decades, survey researchers have intensively used computerised methods for the collection of different types of paradata, such as keystrokes, mouse clicks and response times, to evaluate and improve survey instruments as well as to understand the survey response process. With the growing popularity of web surveys, the importance of paradata has further increased. Within this context, response time measurement is the prevailing paradata approach. Papers typically analyse the time (measured in milliseconds or seconds) a respondent needs to answer a certain item, question, page or questionnaire. One of the key challenges when analysing the response time is to identify and separate units that are answering too quickly or too slowly. These units can have a poor response quality and are typically labelled as response time outliers. This paper focuses on approaches for identifying and processing response time outliers. It presents a systematic overview of scientific papers on response time outliers in web surveys. The key observed characteristics of the papers are the approaches used, the level of time measurement, the processing of response time outliers and the relationship between response time and response quality. The results show that knowledge on response time outliers is scattered, inconsistent and lacking systematic comparisons of approaches. Consequently, there is a need to improve and upgrade the knowledge on this issue and to develop new approaches that will overcome existing deficiencies and inconsistencies in identifying and dealing with response time outliers.
Calculation of Viscous Energy Dissipation in Asphalt Pavements

This paper presents a method to evaluate the energy dissipation in the pavement, induced by the viscous behaviour of bituminous constituents. The introduced method starts from the experimental characterization of each material and goes to the determination of stress and strain field, as well as viscous dissipated energy, in a pavement structure under a rolling wheel. A classical French pavement structure is considered as an application example. First, the behaviour of bituminous materials is characterized with advanced complex modulus tests. Second, a rheological model is used to describe the linear visco-elastic behaviour of bituminous materials. This model was previously developed at the Civil Engineering and Buildings Department of University of Lyon/ENTPE and has already shown its ability to describe completely and precisely the observed behaviour of bituminous materials. In order to make calculation the Finite Element software is then used in a third step, with the previous material model. Detailed hypotheses to perform the simulation of a rolling wheel on the pavement structure are explained. Results of the simulation are presented in terms of dissipated energy inside the pavement for a 40 ton truck. To give an order of magnitude, an estimation of the fuel consumption excess is given. Different temperature and vehicle speeds are considered. The Time Temperature Superposition Principle has been applied to estimate the dissipated energy at any temperature and vehicle speed. The simulation results show that energy dissipation in bituminous pavement due to the rolling weight of the considered 40 ton truck may induce a fuel consumption excess of a few percent for very unfavourable climatic conditions.
On the equivalent wheelbase of a three-axle vehicle

The steady-state handling properties of a rigid vehicle with a tandem rear axle configuration are developed. This work uses conventions resulting in a parsimonious characterisation of steady-state handling of such three-axle vehicles that is shown to be a simple extension of the well-known two-axle bicycle model. Specifically the concepts of understeer and wheelbase are developed for a three-axle vehicle, and shown to play the same role in characterising vehicle handling as they do in the well-known two-axle vehicle model. An equivalent wheelbase of a three-axle vehicle is expressed in terms of vehicle geometry and cornering stiffness of each axle. The model developed in this work is reconciled with previous models that make use of simplifying assumptions found in the literature.
Motor Vehicle-Related Flood Fatalities in Texas, 1959–2008

The number of related fatalities is one of the most essential socioeconomic characteristics of a natural disaster as death is the most serious and irreversible consequence of a disaster. Texas leads the nation in flash flood fatalities. From 1959 through 2008 the flood fatalities in Texas (839) were more than three times the fatalities in the next leading state, Pennsylvania (265). Flood fatalities in Texas represent a serious public health problem. Flood fatality statistics were extracted from National Climatic Data Center Storm Data publications. Review of the flood fatalities, where the death circumstances are provided, reveals that most fatalities are motor vehicle related (77%). Data analysis indicates that, in Texas, males are much more likely to be the victims of motor vehicle–related flood accidents than are females. Most motor vehicle–related fatalities happened at night (56%). Most fatalities resulted from flash floods. Spatial analysis indicates that the highest numbers of fatalities occur in counties having major urban areas. Flood fatalities in Texas can be reduced through a combination of improved hydrometeorological forecasting, educational programs aimed at enhancing the public awareness of flood risk and the seriousness of flood warnings, and timely and appropriate action by local emergency and safety authorities.
Investigating Affective Responding to Daily Positive Events Among Adolescents Using Ecological Momentary Assessment

The experience of positive events is associated with increased positive affect, which can beneficially impact the physical and mental health outcomes of adolescents. Despite an increase in important life events during adolescence, little research has examined the influence of positive events on affect in this population. This study used Ecological Momentary Assessment to investigate individual differences in the effects of daily positive events on momentary positive and negative affect and event-specific positive affect among 136 adolescents (M age = 13.03 years). Results indicated that interpersonal and independent events elicited greater event-specific positive affect than non-interpersonal and dependent events. Dependent interpersonal events were associated with the greatest positive affect compared to other combinations of event types. Gender did not moderate these effects. These findings may address the gap in the literature regarding the types of daily positive events that elicit the most positive affect in adolescents, and in turn, may enhance well-being.
The Mythical Underworlds of Francis Stevens and Daphne du Maurier

This article analyses two stories by women writers (The Heads of Cerberus by Francis Stevens (1952) and The Breakthrough by Daphne du Maurier (1964)), which could both be considered as belonging to the genre of science fiction. These stories do not follow the ‘canonical’ or more popular type of underworld narrative, especially the idea of the katabasis or descent to the underworld and the encounter with the dead, a motif which has often been present in Western culture since classical antiquity and has generated numerous narratives. Rather, they evoke the classical myth of the underworld through the use of certain names (such as Charon and Cerberus) as well as exploring other concepts which coincide with ancient Greek accounts of the topography and inhabitants of the world of the dead, the realm ruled over by Hades.
Real world efficacy and safety of nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A single center, observational study from India

Background: Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been established by multiple clinical trials. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in real-world IPF patients in India. Methods: Clinical records of IPF patients (prescribed with nintedanib) visiting tertiary pulmonary care center, between June 2016 and December 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. Data were analyzed for forced vital capacity (FVC), Diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide(DLCO), 6-min walk distance (6-MWD). Acute exacerbations and adverse events were also analyzed. Results: A total of 76 IPF patients were prescribed with nintedanib. Drug was prescribed at 100 and 150 mg BD dose to 37 and 39 patients. Ten patients (13.1%), of which eight were over the age of 60 years, died during the study period. Only 42 patients visited for follow-up. Mean baseline FVC was 1.67 L and mean annualized absolute change in FVC and FVC % predicted was −0.07 L and −1.80%, respectively. Mean baseline DLCO was 37.21% and mean annualized absolute change in DLCO % predicted was-2.20%. At follow-up, 1 (2.38%), 17 (40.47%), and 24 (57.14%) patients were at Deparatment of Internal Medicine stage I, II, and III, respectively. Acute exacerbations and adverse events were reported by 48 and 6 patients, respectively. Conclusion: Our results support the findings from previous studies, that nintedanib leads to annual decline in parameters such as FVC and DLCO and increased 6-MWD. It was found to be well tolerated in the Indian patients with IPF.
Developing Mindsets: A Qualitative Study among First-Year South African University Students

This article reports on a qualitative study that evaluated first-year students’ lived experiences of attending a 12-week student support programme focused on fostering mindsets. Participants included 545 first year Engineering students enrolled for academic studies at a South African university. All participants completed qualitative narrative sketches depicting their experiences. A random sample of 300 students’ narrative sketches was included as data in the qualitative study. The data were analysed using thematic analysis, and Dweck’s theory on mindsets served as the theoretical lens through which the data were interpreted. The results indicate that the majority of students experienced significant personal growth from attending the student support programme. Additionally, the findings point to the relevance and importance of offering student support programmes focused on exploring mindsets to first-year students. The results of this exploratory study suggest that mindset theory should be considered as an essential component when advising first-year South African Engineering students. Furthermore, we make a case for the relevance of positive psychology-based development programmes for first-year students.
Developing responsible tourism in emerging economies: the case of Nigeria

ABSTRACT Advocacy for the responsible development of tourism continues to attract attention from scholars. The emergence of responsible tourism in the 1990s was a call to action, and for a move from setting agendas (sustainable tourism) to stakeholder accountability. As tourism is still developing in Nigeria, this paper discusses strategies for supporting responsible tourism development in the Southeastern region of the country. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were organized with 166 stakeholders, including staff of tourism parastatals, traditional rulers, the representatives of men, women and youth and local security agencies. Findings identified possible strategies for determining if, when and how responsible tourism development might occur. These strategies include stakeholder empowerment, funding for tourism supporting facilities, boosting security and capacity for implementing tourism policies. The findings suggest that if well implemented, the tourism strategies are central to achieving future resident and tourist friendly development.
Impaired Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome Is Restored by Neonatal Treatment with the Polyphenol 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone

Down syndrome (DS), a major genetic cause of intellectual disability, is characterized by numerous neurodevelopmental defects. Previous in vitro studies highlighted a relationship between bioenergetic dysfunction and reduced neurogenesis in progenitor cells from the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS, suggesting a critical role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodevelopmental alterations in DS. Recent in vivo studies in Ts65Dn mice showed that neonatal supplementation (Days P3–P15) with the polyphenol 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) fully restored hippocampal neurogenesis. The current study was aimed to establish whether brain mitochondrial bioenergetic defects are already present in Ts65Dn pups and whether early treatment with 7,8-DHF positively impacts on mitochondrial function. In the brain and cerebellum of P3 and P15 Ts65Dn pups we found a strong impairment in the oxidative phosphorylation apparatus, resulting in a deficit in mitochondrial ATP production and ATP content. Administration of 7,8-DHF (dose: 5 mg/kg/day) during Days P3–P15 fully restored bioenergetic dysfunction in Ts65Dn mice, reduced the levels of oxygen radicals and reinstated the hippocampal levels of PGC-1α. No pharmacotherapy is available for DS. From current findings, 7,8-DHF emerges as a treatment with a good translational potential for improving mitochondrial bioenergetics and, thus, mitochondria-linked neurodevelopmental alterations in DS.
Venture Creation Programs: Bridging Entrepreneurship Education and Technology Transfer.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how university-based entrepreneurship programs, incorporating real-life venture creation into educational design and delivery, can bridge the gap between entrepreneurship education and technology transfer within the university environment. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a literature review and snowball sampling over a two-year period, 18 entrepreneurship education programs were identified as applying a venture creation approach. Ten of these programs were selected for case study, including direct interviews and participatory observation during a two-day workshop. Empirical findings were iteratively related to theory within entrepreneurship education and technology transfer. Findings – The paper identifies the bridging capabilities of venture creation programs (VCP) across five core themes, illustrating the potential benefits of closer collaboration between entrepreneurship education and technology transfer in a university environment. Research limi.
In silico Drug Repurposing of Anticancer Drug 5-FU and Analogues Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Pharmacokinetics and Chemical Reactivity Studies

Background Since the last COVID-19 outbreak, several approaches have been given a try to quickly tackle this global calamity. One of the well-established strategies is the drug repurposing, which consists in finding new therapeutic uses for approved drugs. Following the same paradigm, we report in the present study, an investigation of the potential inhibitory activity of 5-FU and nineteen of its analogues against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro). Material and Methods Molecular docking calculations were performed to investigate the binding affinity of the ligands within the active site of 3CLpro. The best binding candidates were further considered for molecular dynamics simulations for 100 ns to gain a time-resolved understanding of the behavior of the guest-host complexes. Furthermore, the profile of druggability of the best binding ligands was assessed based on ADMET predictions. Finally, their chemical reactivity was elucidated using different reactivity descriptors, namely the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Fukui functions and frontier molecular orbitals. Results and Discussion From the calculations performed, four candidates (compounds 14, 15, 16 and 18) show promising results with respect to the binding affinity to the target protease, 3CLpro, the therapeutic profile of druggability and safety. These compounds are maintained inside the active site of 3CLpro thanks to a variety of noncovalent interactions, especially hydrogen bonds, involving important amino acids such as GLU166, HIS163, GLY143, ASN142, HIS172, CYS145. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the four ligands are well trapped within the active site of the protein over a time gap of 100 ns, ligand 18 being the most retained. Conclusion In line with the findings reported herein, we recommend that further in-vitro and in-vivo investigations are carried out to shed light on the possible mechanism of pharmacological action of the proposed ligands.
Potential Mechanisms of Methylglyoxal‐Induced Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Damage: Regulation of Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Apoptosis

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a reactive carbonyl species that can cause cellular damage and is closely related to kidney disease, especially diabetic nephropathy. The toxic effect of MGO (0.5, 1, and 2 mM) on human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells and its underlying mechanisms were explored in this study. Cell viability, apoptosis and the signaling pathways were measured with MTT, fluorescent staining and western blot experiments, the results showed that MGO could induce oxidative stress and cell inflammation, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased, and p38MAPK, JNK and NF‐κB signaling pathways were activated. Meanwhile, MGO also induced DNA damage. The expression of DNA oxidative damage marker 8‐hydroxy‐2’‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) increased, the expression of double‐strand break marker γH2AX increased significantly, and ATM/Chk2/p53 DNA damage response signaling pathway was activated. Furthermore, the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) also increased. Finally, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decreased, fluorescence intensity of Hoechst33258 increased, and the protein expression ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2 increased significantly after the treatment of MGO. These results demonstrated that MGO might induce HEK293 cells damage by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and cell apoptosis, which revealed the specific mechanisms of MGO‐induced damage to HEK293 cells.
Co-creating rehabilitation: Findings from a pilot and implications for wider public service reform

As part of a large pan-European project on co-creating public services we supported the design of a programme in England that attempted to operationalise research on desistance, through a model of co-created, strengths-based working. We then evaluated its implementation and impact. The programme was implemented in a Community Rehabilitation Company. It was delivered in the context of rapid organisational change, often in response to rapidly changing external events and a turbulent policy environment. These factors impeded implementation. An impact evaluation did not identify a statistically significant difference in re-offending rates between the intervention group and a comparator group. However, in-depth qualitative evaluation identified positive examples of co-production and co-creation, with individual case managers and service users supportive and noting positive change. Taken as a whole our findings suggest that a co-created, strengths-based model of probation case management is promising but needs to be accompanied by wider systems change if it is to be embedded successfully.
Influence of Planet Pin Stiffness on Load Sharing in Planetary Gear Drives

Others have done significant work on the subject of load sharing among the planets of planetary gear drives; a brief review of that work is presented. Little work has been done, however, to evaluate the utility of the Hicks type flexible planet pins in improvement of load sharing in a planetary gear stage. This work shows the potential value of the three variations of the Hicks type flexible planet pin used on cantilever carriers, and a new design of a low spring constant planet pin that can be used on straddle type carriers. This is done by the calculation of the spring constants of gear meshes, bearings, and various designs of planet pins using the finite element method for a specific design of a planetary gear stage with spur gears and eight planets. The result showed significant differences. Low spring constant flexible pins are shown to have significantly superior load sharing characteristics.