Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Is that holy soup?” Analyzing Translation Procedures of Indonesian Traditional Food

Translating traditional cuisine terms from the source language to the target language needs to be conducted appropriately to avoid the loss of meaning. In this sense, comprehending the procedures used to translate traditional cuisine terms can provide more insights for translators and educators in the translation field. Hence, the current research examined the procedures used in translating a set of Indonesian traditional food terms into English. This study used a qualitative descriptive research design with an emphasis on cultural analysis. The present study applied Newmark's typology of translation procedures to analyze a series of translated texts of Indonesian traditional food on a website. The results suggest that seven translation procedures (descriptive equivalent, literal translation, expansion, functional equivalent, cultural equivalent, and couplets) were used to translate the data. Furthermore, the results imply that the use of translation procedures as well as the translator’s ideology have a significant impact on the translation results. In addition, it is significant for a translator to know the cultures of the target language and the source language to render appropriate translation results that can be understood by the intended readers. Besides that, it seems important for researchers to investigate the reasons behind the translators’ preferences in choosing certain procedures to develop translation texts in the target language.
Testing Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Atacama Large Millimeter Array Observations of the Gravitational Lens B1422+231

We examine the flux density ratio anomaly in the quadruply imaged strong gravitational lens, B1422+231, and consider the contribution of 10–103M⊙ primordial black holes (PBHs) as a potential dark matter constituent. We describe the first flux density ratio measurement of B1422+231 in the millimeter-wave band using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The flux density of the quasar at 233 GHz is dominated by synchrotron emission and the source size is estimated to be less than 66.9 pc. The observed flux density ratios at 233 GHz are similar to those measured in other wave bands, which cannot be explained by a simple smooth mass model of the lens galaxy. We examine the probability of the flux density ratio anomaly arising from PBH microlensing using ray tracing simulations. The simulations consider the cases where 10% and 50% of dark matter are 10–103M⊙ PBHs with a power law mass function. The simulated scenarios are consistent with the ALMA observations, so PBH dark matter cannot be ruled out as a cause of flux density ratio anomalies. Our analysis shows that the anomalous flux density ratio for B1422+231 can be explained by a lens model with a significant fraction of dark matter being PBHs. This study demonstrates the potential for new constraints on PBH dark matter using ALMA observations of multiply imaged strong gravitational lenses.
HAMBATAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI KELAS IV SDN 3 APUAN

Perubahan kurikulum merupakan suatu keniscayaan, perubahan kurikulum dimaknai dengan pengembangan kurikulum memang harus dilaksanankan karena merupakan tuntutan jaman. Namun dalam implementasinya perubahan atau pengembangan kurikulum, dari kurikulum 2006 (KTSP) ke kurikulum 2013 mengalami permasalahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji masalah penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka yang dihadapi sekolah, guru dan siswa. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, sumber data dari kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa SDN 3 Apuan. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan kajian dokumen, observasi partisipatif dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis data digunakan model interaktif, keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Permasalahan penerapan kurikulum 2013: (1) Sering bergantinya regulasi dan revisi peraturan yang berulang, belum meratanya pelatihan pada guru, belum lengkapnya sarana dan prasarana, buku pegangan guru dan buku pegangan siswa, perubahan budaya ilmiah, gerakan literasi sekolah dan supervisi internal belum optimal; (2) Belum semua guru ikut pelatihan, guru belum memahami substansi Kurikulum Merdeka, guru masih kesulitan dalam menyusun RPP, dan menerapkan dengan model pembelajaran yang sesuai pendekatan saintifik, literasi dalam pembelajaran dan standar penilaian masih dirasa sulit dan rumit oleh guru; (3) Permasalah yang dihadapi siswa yaitu siswa kebanyakan dari keluarga menengah ke bawah dengan dukungan belajar dari orang tua yang kurang. Siswa terbiasa pasif mendengarkan penjelasan guru, butuh waktu untuk menjadi aktif mencari dan mempelajari materi. Beban belajar siswa bertambah dari 46 jam menjadi 50 jam belajar dalam seminggu membuat siswa menjadi jenuh. Buku pegangan siswa jumlahnya masih kurang dan buku sumber belajar lainnya jumlahnya masih terbatas, menjadikan proses KBM kurang bisa optimal
Insights into volcanic processes using seismic data techniques

The country of Kenya, lying within the East African Rift System (EARS), has been continuously studied for geothermal energy production. EARS, an active continental rift zone, has a number of active and inactive volcanoes throughout its extent that represent potential sources for geothermal energy. The University of Texas at El Paso and the Kenyan Geothermal Development Company (GDC) collaborated to monitor several volcanic centers by deploying 14 passive seismic instruments around Menengai caldera. The temporary seismic network is located close to Nakuru city and it is southeast from the main capital of Nairobi city. Using this local seismic network, we located 198 earthquake hypocenters, which help to identify the margin of the volcano and caldera and faults that could form conduits for fluid flow. In particular, we performed double-difference location and a b-value analysis to define the behavior of magma systems feeding the caldera. Focal mechanisms delineate a normal and low-angle thrust fault striking NE-SW of the caldera floor. We compare our seismicity to InSAR results from different timelines in order to better understand the volcanic process. We suggest that the seismicity is related to magma passing through conduits of the magma chamber and/or fluid being transported as a function of magma movement or hydrothermal activity. INTRODUCTION Volcanoes, often seen as a threat to human life, represent a renewable alternative energy resource that can be utilized to generate energy to power the modern world. In underdeveloped countries, inexpensive energy can serve as a foundation for growing an economy. Kenya, a country lying within the East African Rift System (EARS), has potential geothermal energy given its optimal location within the rift zone. The EARS
The effect of citric and acetic acid treatment on gelatin production from catfish skin

The demand for halal gelatin is increasing, but the supply is decreasing. One solution to this problem is to produce halal gelatin from fishing waste, particularly catfish skin. A study was conducted to determine the impact of adding acid to the gelatin extraction process. Citric and acetic acid were used at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1%. The yield of gelatin varied from 14.97% to 24.1% depending on the concentration of acid used. The highest yield was obtained using a concentrated solution of acetic acid. Gelatin extracted using a citric acid concentration of 0.075% had the lowest water content. The pH of the solution ranged from 4 to 5, and the viscosity ranged from 10 to 14 MPa. The resulting gelatin exhibited a strength of between 200 and 259 blooms. The production process that used acetic acid on immersion was the most efficient because it resulted in high quantities of gelatin, low water content and viscosity, and good gel strength.
Assessment of Burden in Caregivers of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

A caregiver attends to the needs or concerns of someone limited by disease, injury, or disability to enhance the patient's quality of life, which can be assessed in three areas: social, physical, and psychological. This cross-sectional study assessed the extent of burden experienced by the caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy in King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The Zarit Burden Interview Arabic Abridged version (ZBI-A) was used to assess the level of burden experienced by caregivers. The data was collected and examined by professionals using the SPSS version 23. Based on the data of 50 participants, a mean ZBI-12 score of 12.22 ± 7.2 was reported. According to the ZBI scale, "No to mild burden," "Mild to moderate burden," and "High burden" were reported as 46% (n = 23), 38% (n = 19), and 16% (n = 8) of participants, respectively. The internal consistency of the ZBI-12 scale, assessed using Cronbach's alpha, was 0.664, indicating a satisfactory level of internal consistency. It was determined that caregivers of individuals undergoing PD and HD encounter different degrees of burden, with a significant proportion of caregivers experiencing a substantial burden.
What Is Known About Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Among Sport Coaches? A Scoping Review

Mindfulness and self-compassion are two constructs positively related to well-being and mental health outside sport. Within sport, these constructs are emerging in research, yet the extant work has primarily been conducted with athlete samples. The aim of this scoping review was to provide a broad synthesis of the literature on mindfulness and self-compassion among coaches. Fourteen articles were included, 11 of them published 2019–2022. Of the 14 publications, the concepts studied were mindfulness (n = 10), self-compassion (n = 2), and a combination of both (n = 2). The samples were predominantly male coaches (68.7%), and most of the studies targeted coaches at the elite or competitive level. The most common area studied was developing and testing interventions and programs, followed by depicting relationships of mindfulness or self-compassion with desirable outcomes. This review significantly extends the current knowledge by illuminating critical issues in this rapidly moving area of research; the need for conceptual and contextual clarity of mindfulness and self-compassion; methodological considerations, such as measures that may allow reliable comparison across studies; and the need to further explore the potential benefits of mindfulness and self-compassion for coaches for sustainability and performance.
A new approach to intonation analysis and synthesis of Swedish

The main body of our study derives from the processing of 5 subjects’ reading of a corpus from a Swedish novel. Two of the subjects were females. Intonation contours on a log frequency scale have been sampled and normalised to eliminate differences in mean tonal level and duration. As a result, intonation patterns across speakers are brought out revealing individual performances as well as group average data. A second part of our study has been to develop rules for predicting intonation contours and associated acoustic parameters from a superposition model. Syntactically determined prosodic sentence and phrase contours with associated juncture specifications are selected as a basic frame. Local word accent 1 and accent 2 modulations are added. These as well as phoneme durations are quantified with respect to a continuously scaled and lexically determined prominence parameter, Rs, and with respect to context and position within an utterance.
Zmiany cen detalicznych przetworów mlecznych oraz spożycia mleka po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej

Zmiana uwarunkowań funkcjonowania rynku mleka po akcesji Polski do Unii Europejskiej skutkowała wzrostem zamożności polskich konsumentów oraz relatywnym spad­kiem cen detalicznych nabiału, zwłaszcza w relacji do innych źródeł białka zwierzęcego. W latach 2004-2015 wzrosło bilansowe spożycie mleka i jego przetworów, głównie pod wpływem zwiększonego spożycia zbiorowego oraz zużycia pośredniego przez przemysł spożywczy w pogłębionym przetwórstwie żywności. Natomiast zmalało bezpośrednie spożycie nabiału i masła w gospodarstwach domowych. Zmieniła się także jego struktura pod wpływem zwięk­szonej konsumpcji przetworów głębiej przetworzonych (głównie napojów mlecznych i serów dojrzewających) kosztem przede wszystkim mleka płynnego, a w mniejszym stopniu twarogów
On the issue of families of periodic comets of giant planets (Moid - analysis)

MOID-values relative to 4 giant planets were calculated for 670 periodic comets with aphelion distances up to 30 astronomical units (a.u.). It is established that 379 comets have values that do not exceed the radii of the planets’ spheres of influence. When categorized by families based on MOID-values, the number of comets associated with each giant planet is as follows: Jupiter (309), Saturn (69), Uranus (6), and Neptune (0). It is assumed that the influence of the selection effect on this distribution is very significant.
A Study of Autonomous Learning Strategies Implemented by Members of Indonesia English Community

Autonomous learning is extremely important because it helps students promote independency, self-awareness, determination, and adaptability in technology employment in learning. The aim of this study is to describe the learning strategies of each autonomous learning level among members of the English Conversation club and to inquire about their outcomes in the form of speaking fluency. Therefore, this study case study research design to find patterns and connections, and inquire phenomena in depth. The results show that the advanced and intermediated level participants employ a metacognitive strategy which helped them to plan, monitor, and evaluate their learning, additionally, they displayed a high level of speaking fluency as the outcome of the strategy they employed. The beginner level employed a social mediation learning strategy and showed less autonomous learning activity but still had high speaking fluency, probably due the language aptitude. Whereas the emerging level participant employ a social mediation learning strategy and showed less autonomous activity, he displayed a low level of fluency. Participants with advanced, intermediated, and beginner level possess intrinsic motivation which helps them with their consistency and improvement. This study helps to understand the relationship between autonomous learning strategies, autonomous level, and speaking fluency outside of the classroom. It provides evidence that metacognitive strategy can lead to speaking fluency improvement and intrinsic motivation. Educators should develop teaching methods that promote the development of independent learning skills and intrinsic motivation in students.
GPS Derived Total Electron Content (TEC) Variations over Indian Antarctica Station, Maitri

￻ Abstract—The results of Total Electron Content study over the Indian base Stations Maitri (70.650 N Lat, 11.450E Long), Antarctica during the low solar activity period (2008) are described. The study is carried our in three parts viz monthly, seasonal and Mid Polar Day and Mid Polar Night variations. From our analysis we observed TEC values are highest during the months of January and December as compared to June month in contrary to low latitude or equatorial ionosphere, because during January and December months polar cap receives solar radiation for all the 24 hours, whereas in the month of June solar radiation remains absent. During the study of seasonal variations we found that TEC values were lowest in winter season because of low ionization processes due to absence of solar ionizing radiation and in the summer season TEC achieve its highest values due to presence of 24 hour solar radiation. During equinoxes the study shows that the TEC disparity in autumnal equinox period is low as compared to vernal equinox period. HE structure of the high-latitude ionosphere is very complicated, varied and exhibits a very typical behavior because the Earth's magnetic field focuses many geospace effects to these regions. One of the most interesting characteristic features of the Polar Regions is the auroral activity. The energy transferred from solar wind to magnetosphere during solar wind-magnetosphere interaction is being deposited at the Polar Regions through reconnection process which makes polar ionosphere highly irregular. Higher latitude regions are directly affected by the entry of charged solar particles which on dissipating their energy cause auroras and thus make the ionosphere highly irregular. The auroral ionosphere is subject to adverse space weather conditions which cause significant temporal and spatial variations of electron density and density gradients resulting in highly variable Total Electron Content (2) and fluctuation of radio signal amplitude and phase (Basu et al., 1998). In this region, irregularities at different scales are common, which cause fluctuations in the Total Electron Content. The intensive phase fluctuations observed along GPS satellite passes are caused by dramatic changes in Total Electron Content (TEC) and demonstrate a strong horizontal gradient of TEC. Fluctuation effects and TEC gradients can have a different impact on GPS measurements. They affect phase ambiguity resolution, increase the number of undetected and uncorrected cycle slips and loss of signal lock (9; 6). Several studies (4; 1) (2), (7) have used GPS observations from a single site or local network to monitor TEC
Assessing the Relationship between Indexed Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness, Oxidative Stress in Adipocytes, and Coronary Artery Disease Complexity in Open-Heart Surgery Patients

Background and Objectives: This cross-sectional study conducted at the Timișoara Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Romania, and the Centre for Translational Research and Systems Medicine from “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timișoara, Romania, investigated the relationship between indexed epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATTi) and oxidative stress in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) adipocytes in the context of coronary artery disease (CAD) among open-heart surgery patients. The objective was to elucidate the contribution of EATTi as an additional marker for complexity prediction in patients with CAD, potentially influencing clinical decision-making in surgical settings. Materials and Methods: The study included 25 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with a mean age of 65.16 years and a body mass index of 27.61 kg/m2. Oxidative stress in EAT was assessed using the ferrous iron xylenol orange oxidation spectrophotometric assay. The patients were divided into three groups: those with valvular heart disease without CAD, patients with CAD without diabetes mellitus (DM), and patients with both CAD and DM. The CAD complexity was evaluated using the SYNTAX score. Results: The EATTi showed statistically significant elevations in the patients with both CAD and DM (mean 5.27 ± 0.67 mm/m2) compared to the CAD without DM group (mean 3.78 ± 1.05 mm/m2, p = 0.024) and the valvular disease without CAD group (mean 2.67 ± 0.83 mm/m2, p = 0.001). Patients with SYNTAX scores over 32 had significantly higher EATTi (5.27 ± 0.66 mm/m2) compared to those with lower scores. An EATTi greater than 4.15 mm/m2 predicted more complex CAD (SYNTAX score >22) with 80% sensitivity and 86% specificity. The intra- and interobserver reproducibility for the EATTi measurement were excellent (intra-class correlation coefficient 0.911, inter-class correlation coefficient 0.895). Conclusions: EATTi is significantly associated with CAD complexity in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. It serves as a reliable indicator of more intricate CAD forms, as reflected by higher SYNTAX scores. These findings highlight the clinical relevance of EATTi in pre-operative assessment, suggesting its potential utility as a prognostic marker in cardiac surgical patients.
Optimizing DUS testing for Chimonanthus praecox using feature selection based on a genetic algorithm

Chimonanthus praecox is a famous traditional flower in China with high ornamental value. It has numerous varieties, yet its classification is highly disorganized. The distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) test enables the classification and nomenclature of various species; thus, it can be used to classify the Chimonanthus varieties. In this study, flower traits were quantified using an automatic system based on pattern recognition instead of traditional manual measurement to improve the efficiency of DUS testing. A total of 42 features were quantified, including 28 features in the DUS guidelines and 14 new features proposed in this study. Eight algorithms were used to classify wintersweet, and the random forest (RF) algorithm performed the best when all features were used. The classification accuracy of the outer perianth was the highest when the features of the different parts were used for classification. A genetic algorithm was used as the feature selection algorithm to select a set of 22 reduced core features and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the classification. Using the core feature set, the classification accuracy of the RF model improved to 99.13%. Finally, K-means was used to construct a pedigree cluster tree of 23 varieties of wintersweet; evidently, wintersweet was clustered into a single class, which can be the basis for further study of genetic relationships among varieties. This study provides a novel method for DUS detection, variety identification, and pedigree analysis.
Enhancing Tibial and Fibular Fracture Healing: A Case Report on the Value of Dynamization

Background: Tibial and fibular fractures, commonly resulting from high-energy traumas such as road traffic accidents, present difficulties in their management due to displacement, instability, and the requirement for surgical intervention. Case presentation: We present a 27-year-old male patient with a tibial and fibular fracture managed with intramedullary nail fixation and subsequent dynamization. The aim is to highlight the clinical significance of dynamization in addressing delayed healing and non-union in fractures. Clinical assessment and radiographic evaluation were performed to diagnose the tibial and fibular fractures. The patient underwent intramedullary nail fixation followed by dynamization. The utilization of intramedullary nail fixation demonstrated consistent outcomes with established literature. However, delayed healing and non-union were observed. The introduction of dynamization after failed healing attempts led to significant improvements in callus formation and fracture healing. Conclusions: This case emphasizes the value of dynamization as a strategy to enhance fracture healing, particularly in cases of delayed union or non-union. Dynamization represents a promising adjunctive approach in orthopedic fracture management.