Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
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Nitrite (NO 2- ) functions as an important nitric oxide (NO) donor under hypoxic conditions. Both nitrite and NO have been found to protect the mammalian heart and other tissues against ischemia(anoxia)/reoxygenation injury by interacting with mitochondrial electron transport complexes and limiting the generation of reactive oxygen species upon reoxygenation. The crucian carp naturally survives extended periods without oxygen in an active state, which has made it a model for studying how evolution has solved the problems of anoxic survival. We investigated the role of nitrite and NO in the anoxia-tolerance of this fish by measuring NO metabolites in normoxic, anoxic and reoxygenated crucian carp. We also cloned and sequenced crucian carp NO synthase variants and quantified their mRNA levels in several tissues in normoxia and anoxia. Despite falling levels of blood plasma nitrite, the crucian carp showed massive increases in nitrite, S -nitrosothiols (SNO) and iron-nitrosyl (FeNO) compounds in anoxic heart tissue. Nitrite levels were maintained in anoxic brain, liver and gill tissues, whereas SNO and FeNO increased in a tissue-specific manner. Reoxygenation re-established normoxic values. We conclude that nitrite is shifted into the tissues where it acts as NO donor during anoxia, inducing cytoprotection under anoxia/reoxygenation. This can be especially important in the crucian carp heart, which maintains output in anoxia. Nitrite is currently tested as a therapeutic drug against reperfusion damage of ischemic hearts, and the present study provides evolutionary precedent for such an approach.
ITS AMONG

Background - Globally, pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children which affects 151.8 million each year. It leads over 156 million episodes and 14.9 million hospitalizations per year. Besides this fact, the recovery time and predictors of children’s hospitalization related to severe community acquired pneumonia is not well known. Objective -The aim of this study was to estimate the median time to recovery and its predictors among severe community acquired pneumonia patients admitted to pediatric ward, Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods - An institution based retrospective follow up study was employed among 352 records of children who were admitted starting from January 2016 to December, 2018. Patients chart were retrieved using a structured data extraction tool. Data was entered using Epi-Data version 3.02 and analyzed using STATA version 14 statistical software. The Kaplan Meier survival curve and log rank tests were used. Cox proportional hazard model assumption and model fitness were checked. Stratified Cox regression was fitted as a final model. Hazard ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used and P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant association. Result- The overall median recovery time was 4 days IQR (3-7). Recovery rate from severe community acquired pneumonia was 16.25 (95 % CI: 14.54–18.15) per 100 person day observation. 95% presence of danger sign at admission (AHR; 0.61 95% CI ((0.40-0.94)), late presentation to seek care (AHR; 0.64 95% CI and co-morbidity (AHR; 0.45 95% CI ((0.45(0.35-0.58)) were significant predictors of recovery time. Conclusion: The median recovery time from severe community acquired pneumonia was long. Measures to reduce recovery time should be strengthened.
Predicting Students' Intention to Use Gamified Mobile Learning in Saudi Higher Education

While gamified mobile learning holds the promise of offering an interactive learning environment, the predictors of its adoption remain underexplored. This paper therefore examines the impact of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) augmented with cognitive gratification and perceived enjoyment on intention to use gamified mobile learning in higher education. 271 valid responses were obtained from students from different regions of Saudi Arabia, using an online questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to analyse the data, using AMOS. The findings reveal that perceived enjoyment and social influence had the strongest effects on intention to use gamified mobile learning, followed by performance expectancy and effort expectancy, while cognitive gratification had no influence. The proposed model explained 71% of the variance in usage intentions. The key contribution of this paper is the empirical evidence of the impact of the extended UTAUT on intention to use gamified mobile learning.
ESSAYS ON FAMILY ECONOMICS

OF THE DISSERTATION Essays on Family Economics By Lu Wang Dissertation Director: Roger Klein This dissertation discusses inter-generational behaviors on family economics and emphasises the power of advanced econometric tools as semiparametric double-index model and Machine Learning approaches. The first chapter is jointly written with Yixiao Jiang, which focuses on inter-generational transfer motives from elderly parents to children above 18 years old. There are two types of motives documented in the literature: the altruistic motive, wherein larger transfers are given to poorer children, and the exchange motive, wherein larger transfers are given to the children that better serve their parents. The micro-economic theory of inter-generational transfer argues that altruism and exchange motives imply different transfer responses to children’s income. Yet the existing empirical literature is mixed due to the difficulty in finding creditable exclusion restrictions. We uniquely draw a distinction between the transfer motives by estimating the income-transfer derivative in a semiparametric, twopart model. This econometric model consists of a double-index, semiparametric binary response first-stage [49] for whether a transfer occurs, and a linear second stage for the transferring amount. Compared to models employed by extant studies, this approach preserves identification when an exclusive restriction is difficult to find, makes fewer parametric assumptions, and accounts for heteroscedasticity explicitly. Using the Health and
Unquenching the infrared sector of QCD

We discuss the recent progress made in understanding how some fundamental results valid in the quenched infrared sector of non-Abelian Yang-Mills theories generalize to the unquenched case. In particular, we derive in the continuum an equation that allows to predict how the momentum dependence of the quenched gluon propagator is affected by the presence of a small number of dynamical quarks. In addition, we present the most recent lattice simulations of the (Landau gauge) gluon and ghost two-point sector obtained using gauge field configurations with two light and two light plus two heavy twisted-mass quark flavors. A comparison between the results obtained by these two complementary methods is then carried out.
On certain trigonometrical sums and their applications in the theory of numbers

These sums are obviously of very great interest, and a few of their properties have been discussed already∗. But, so far as I know, they have never been considered from the point of view which I adopt in this paper; and I believe that all the results which it contains are new. My principal object is to obtain expressions for a variety of well-known arithmetical functions of n in the form of a series
Level of Knowledge and Awareness of Female Undergraduate Students and Determinants of Knowledge of Folic Acid and Supplementation

Background and Objectives: Folic acid (FA) is a necessary ingredient for numerous bodily activities including pregnancy. Because of this, women should have knowledge and awareness of the health benefits of FA supplementation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the level of knowledge on the importance of FA and determine associated factors for knowledge among female college students at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire between January 2020 and February 2021 among female college students aged 17 to 26 years old. The questionnaire adapted with permission from Alnaami et al. included questions on the demographic profile of the participants as well as questions related to their knowledge and awareness of FA, FA supplementation, the importance of supplementation and their sources of knowledge of FA. Results: A total of 437 female undergraduate students participated in the study, 285 (65.2%) of whom were from the non-health colleges and 152 (34.8%) from the health colleges. The majority of participants were between ages 17 and 21 years old (n = 361, 82.6%). Half of the respondents were in their 3rd and 4th year of study (n = 122, 50.8%), 138 respondents (31.6%) were married, and 111 of these married women (80.4%) had children. There were 266 respondents (61.0%) who had heard and had knowledge of FA, 241 (55.3%) knew of FA timing of intake, 243 (55.7%) of FA duration of intake and 362 (83.0%) knew of the diseases prevented by FA supplementation. Linear regression analysis showed that being in the health college (B = 1.464, t = 11.37, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 1.211, 1.717) and a higher educational year level (B = 0.139, t = 2.442, p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.027, 0.251) were the significant predictors of knowledge of FA. Conclusions: Knowledge of FA and FA supplementation was low at 61% considering that our study population were college students. Being enrolled in a health college and in a higher educational year level were significant positive correlates of higher knowledge of FA and FA supplementation. Despite this, there exists a gap of information regarding FA and FA supplementation particularly among single women and college educated women in the early years of their college life as well as those in non-health colleges.
MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, ANATOMICAL STUDIES AS MEASURES OF COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN SCION-ROOTSTOCK IN GRAPES

The present investigation was carried out during the seasons of 2006 and 2007 to study grafting operations of Thompson seedless (TH), Superior (SU), Flame seedless (FL) and king ruby (KR) scions onto four grapevine rootstocks namely, SO4, 1103 Paulsen (1103 P), Teleki 5C (5C) and 140 Ruggeri (140 Ru). It was aimed to estimate the degree of graft compatibility between the partners used to create graft combinations. Such estimation was based on a group of parameters known to play an important role in the field of graft compatibilities. They were included the calculation of grafting success percentage, the measurement of certain characteristics usually use to represent the whole growth of graft combination, the determination of certain chemical and biochemical constituents in scions leaf along at the graft union line. Furthermore, an anatomical microscopic examination on tissues from the graft union was carried out. All these studies were to be used as criteria for estimating the degree of graft compatibility among scions and rootstocks tested in this study. Consequently, it could pointed to the best rootstock successfully combined with the used scions.
PROFIL PASIEN TB-HIV DAN NON TB-HIV DI RSCM

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection and cause of death in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in developing countries. TB-HIV cases showed an increase in recent years. There has been no report on TB-HIV patient profiles in RSCM. The purpose of this study was to obtain data an demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological TB-HIV patients. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study design to document medical records of HIV-TB patients who came for treatment to the Pokdisus RSCM between July 2008-December 2010. A number of 522 patients consisted of 424 males (81.2%) and 98 females (18.8%), with a mean age of 31.92 years, the majority in the age group 18-40 years (90.8), 53.1% married, tribal Betawi 28.4%, and 64.2% graduated from high school. The proportion of injecting drug transmission (56.5%). Concomitant infection is hepatitis C infection (42.9%) and oral candidiasis (26.4%). Chronic cough is the most clinical manifestation (67.5%), followed by prolonged fever (57.5%) and weight loss (50.4%). Patients with sputum smear-negative (36.2%), CD4 <200 (78.0%) and chest X-ray finding of TB (32.8%). Keywords : tuberculosis, hiv. Abstrak Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan infeksi oportunistik terbanyak dan penyebab kematian utama pada pasien Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) di negara berkembang. Kasus TB-HIV menunjukkan kenaikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Belum ada laporan mengenai profil pasien TB-HIV di RSCM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data demografi, klinis, laboratoris, dan radiologis pasien TB-HIV. Penelitian ini merupakan rancangan studi potong lintang deskriptif dengan menelusuri rekam medik pasien TB-HIV yang datang berobat ke Kelompok Studi Khusus (Pokdisus) RSCM antara bulan Juli 2008-Desember 2010. Sejumlah 522 penderita yang terdiri dari 424 laki-laki (81,2%) dan 98 wanita (18,8%), dengan usia rerata 31,92 tahun, mayoritas pada kelompok usia 18-40 tahun (90.8), sudah kawin 53.1%, suku Betawi 28,4%, dan tamat SMA 64,2%. Proporsi transmisi narkoba suntik (56,5%). Infeksi penyerta adalah infeksi hepatitis C (42,9%) dan kandidiasis oral (26,4%). Batuk kronik merupakan manifestasi klinik terbanyak (67,5%), diikuti dengan demam lama (57,5%) dan berat badan turun (50,4%). Pasien dengan sputum BTA negatif (36,2%), CD4 < 200 (78,0%) dan gambaran TB pada foto toraks (32,8%). Kata kunci : tuberculosis, hiv.
Monetary Policy Uncertainty and its impact on the real economy: Empirical Evidence from the Euro area

In this paper, we construct a proxy for uncertainty that tracks monetary policy in the Euro area by text-mining thousands of newspaper articles in the press. We calibrate a nonlinear interacted vector autoregression model to study the impact of monetary policy uncertainty on the real economy and on the effectiveness of monetary policy. We ﬁnd that higher uncertainty leads to a contraction in economic activity, with a higher dampening effect in uncertain times. Uncertainty also inﬂuences how strongly movements in the policy rate affect output, investment and consumption as, in uncertain times, average responses are up to three times less powerful than in tranquil times. uncertainty, why build a new plant, or introduce a new product? until the
T HE R ELATIONSHIP BETWEEN L ISTENING TO R ADIO P ROGRAMS AND P OSITIVE T HINKING IN A S AMPLE OF B EHAVIORALLY D ISTURBED B LIND A DOLESCENTS

This study aimed to examine the relationship between listening to radio programs and positive thinking. It was conducted using a sample of are behaviorally disturbed blind adolescents, and compare them with the blind adolescents who were not behaviorally disturbed in terms of positive thinking and listening to radio programs. The study sample consisted of behaviorally disturbed blind adolescents (N=50) and non-behaviorally disturbed blind adolescents (N=50) aged 16-18 years. The tools used in the study involved a listening questionnaire for radio programmers (prepared by researchers), measurement of positive thinking for the blind (prepared by researchers), measurement of behavioral disorders of the blind (prepared by researchers, and measurement of socio-cultural economic level (prepared by the blind. Other tools used include the IQ test for the blind. The results showed a statistically positive correlation between the grades of the behaviorally disturbed blind on the radio listening questionnaire and the positive thinking scale, statistically significant differences in the degree of listening of radio programmers in the direction of the blind who are not disturbed by behavior compared to the behaviorally disturbed blind, and statistically significant differences in the degree of positive thinking in the direction of the disturbed blind compared to the undisturbed blind.
Voluntary Transfers and Flypaper Effect

: Objective : e objective of this paper is to examine the occurrence of the ﬂypaper eﬀect in voluntary transfers from the Union to Brazilian municipalities. e complexity and visibility factors explored by authors Tuckman and Chang (1991), Rios and Costa (2005), and Araújo and Siqueira (2015) were analyzed, plus the factor “political coalitions”, in the scenario regarding the provisions of the Constitutional Amendment (CA) 86/2015 and CA 95/2019. Originality : While there are several studies existing on Brazilian tax budgeting, such as existence of several studies on tax budgeting in Brazil (Santos & Gasparine, 2020; Godoy, 2014; Gontijo, 2017), this paper is diﬀerent as it also analyzes the occurence of the ﬂypaper eﬀect on transers resulting from impositional budget amendments, (Budget Law of the Union). Methodology : A multivariate analysis method for panel data on secondary data collected from 5,484 Brazilian municipalities was used to test the ﬂypaper eﬀect on their total current and capital expenditure accounts, in relation to the amount of voluntary transfers received. Results : It was possible to ﬁnd evidence for the ﬂypaper eﬀect in regards to capital budget expenditures, which have increased above the capacity of the municipalities' economies to continue to provide resources for maintenance and costing of installed assets. Also, partisan political issues tend to direct resources to their bases, without carrying out technical studies which would enable future maintenance of investments resulting from parliamentary amendments. e results also suggest that changes in tax complexity may favor investment in structural assets. eoretical and practical contributions: e study of ﬂypaper, in public administration, conﬁrms the analysis made by Ministry of Planning, together with the Brazilian Federal Government, regarding the eﬀectiveness of the application of public resources. e eﬀects can have repercussions in the way of generating an increase in public spending; favoring the incompetence of tax collection, and running constant deﬁcits in the municipal coﬀers; there is also the promotion of the nullity of ﬁnancial return on public resources, perhaps in the form of tax reduction.
Characterization of Sleep During Military Operations and the Impact of Deployment-Related Factors: The Behavioral Health Needs Assessment Survey

Abstract : Sleep disruption is a growing concern among military personnel. Very little is known, however, regarding sleep characteristics of military members serving in combat environments. We sought to quantify the prevalence and cognitive correlates of sleep disruption among military personnel serving in a combat zone during Operation Enduring Freedom, utilizing a cross-sectional survey of active duty and reserve U.S. Navy personnel in the Afghanistan combat theater (N = 6,118). Survey sleep measures included total hours of sleep per day, total hours of sleep required to feel well-rested, difficulty falling asleep, and difficulty staying asleep. The survey also measured outcomes such as accidents related to the mission. Participants reported an average of 5.9 hours of sleep per night, despite requiring on average 6.8 hours to feel well-rested. Fifty-seven percent reported getting insufficient sleep, and this interacted with mission type. Sleep disruption was associated with number of deployments, as well as number of months in a combat zone. Further, those with more sleep difficulty and disruption were more likely to have caused an accident or error that affected the mission. This study documents sleep characteristics, deployment-related correlates, and potential cognitive outcomes of sleep disruption among military members in a combat zone.
Methylidene] Amine and Some of Its Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn Complexes for OLED and OFET Applications

Herein, we report the structural, electronic, and charge transfer properties of N-[5′-methyl-3′-isoxasolyl]-N-[(E)-1-(-2-thiophene)] methylidene] amine (L) and its Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn complexes (dubbed A, B, C, D, and E, respectively) using the density functional theory (DFT). All molecules investigated were optimized at the BP86/def2-TZVP/RI level of theory. Single point energy calculations were carried out at the M06-D3ZERO/def2-TZVP/RIJCOSX level of theory. Reorganization energies of the hole and electron (λh and λe) and the charge transfer mobilities of the electron and hole (μe and μh) have been computed and reported. e λe and λh values vary in the order D>E>A>B>C> L and E>A>D> L>C>B, respectively, while μe and μh vary in the order B>C> L>A>E>D and C>B>A> L> E>D, respectively. μh of B (39.5401 cm2·V−1S−1) and C (366.4740 cm2·V−1s−1) is remarkably large, suggesting their application in organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and organic elde¦ect transistor (OFET) technologies. Electron excitation analysis based on time-dependent (TD)-DFTcalculations revealed that charge transfer excitations may signi cantly a¦ect charge transfer mobilities. Based on charge transfer mobility results, B and C are outstanding and are promising molecules for the manufacture of electron and hole-transport precursor materials for the construction of OLED and OFETdevices as compared to L. e results also show that L and all its complexes interestingly have higher third-order NLO activity than those of para-nitroaniline, a prototypical NLO molecule.
Correlation‐based tests of predictability

In this paper, we propose a correlation‐based test for the evaluation of two competing forecasts. Under the null hypothesis of equal correlations with the target variable, we derive the asymptotic distribution of our test using the Delta method. This null hypothesis is not necessarily equivalent to the null of equal Mean Squared Prediction Errors (MSPE). Specifically, it might be the case that the forecast displaying the lowest MSPE also exhibits the lowest correlation with the target variable: this is known as “The MSPE paradox. ” In this sense, our approach should be seen as complementary to traditional tests of equality in MSPE. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that our test has good size and power. Finally, we illustrate the use of our test in an empirical exercise in which we compare two different inflation forecasts for a sample of OECD economies. We find more rejections of the null of equal correlations than rejections of the null of equality in MSPE.
The Price Elasticity of Natural Gas Demand in China: A Meta-Regression Analysis

Since natural gas has become a new star in China’s energy mix, a reliable estimation of the price elasticity of natural gas demand is crucial if we are to understand how energy price changes affect natural gas consumption. In this paper, we conduct a Meta-regression analysis to quantitatively synthesize empirical estimates of the price elasticity of natural gas demand reported in previous studies, provide true underlying values, and explain the heterogeneity of the aforementioned estimates. The Fixed-effects model and ordinary least squares (OLS) are applied to estimate the regression models. As a result, this paper reports a mean elasticity of −1.521 and 0.410 for the short- and long-run own-price elasticity, separately; −0.762 and 0.008 for the short- and long-run cross-price elasticity-coal to natural gas, respectively; 2.122 and 1.884 for the short- and long-run cross-price elasticity-electricity to natural gas, separately; and 2.267 and 1.275 for the short- and long-run cross-price elasticity-oil to natural gas, respectively. Our results suggest that natural gas consumption increases with the decrease of its own and coal prices in the short term and rise of electricity and oil prices. It also shows that almost all heterogeneity can be explained by the type of data, sample period, models of analysis, geographical region, and type of consumer.