Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smoking Status and Risk Awareness of Heated Tobacco Product Use among General Dental Practitioners Belonging to the Aichi Dental Association, Japan

The awareness of healthcare practitioners concerning heated tobacco product (HTP) use risks has been evaluated; however, few studies have investigated general dental practitioners’ awareness regarding HTP-use risks. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated dentists’ awareness of the risks of smoking, particularly HTP use. A self-administered questionnaire, including eight questions on conventional cigarette and HTP smoking/using status and both knowledge and awareness of HTP-use risks, was posted to 3883 dentists belonging to the Aichi Dental Association, Japan, in August 2019. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. We analyzed the data of 1317 dentists (participation rate, 41.6%). The study group included cigarette smokers (11.5%) and HTP users (8.5%), among whom 41.1% were dual users. HTP users were more likely than never smokers/users to correctly perceive HTP-use risks (p < 0.05). This study indicates that in Japan, the proportion of HTP users is higher than that of the general population. It is important to educate not only smokers/users but also never smokers/users on the risks of smoking and using HTPs. Smoking cessation, including ceasing HTP use, and aiming to quit smoking and HTP use among dentists would contribute to appropriate smoking cessation among patients.
Seismic models of O and B stars with Kurucz’s opacity data

Aims. We investigated seismic models of O and B stars calculated with the new Kurucz opacities implemented in the Opacity Project (OP) and Rogers & Iglesias OPAL opacity tables (OPAL). Methods. We studied the problem using Dziembowski’s computer codes for linear, nonadiabatic, and nonradial oscillations. We considered seismic models of main sequence (MS) stars for different chemical compositions of elements in the mass-range 9 ≤ M ≤ 70 M . Results. The new opacity bump at lg T ≈ 5.06 that occurs in Kurucz’s data influences evolutionary tracks mainly for M ≥ 30 M and markedly changes the driving zone for pulsations of stars in the whole mass range studied. We obtained no unstable oscillation modes for models corresponding to the abundance parameter Z ≤ 0.013 and only unstable low-frequency g-modes for 0.013 < Z ≤ 0.021. Conclusions. The opacity bump at lg T ≈ 5.3 should be significantly larger than the opacity bump at lg T ≈ 5.06 to drive pulsations of B stars in low-degree p-modes. Models with an increased OPAL (or OP) opacity bump at lg T ≈ 5.3 by a factor of about 1.7 have sufficiently large driving zones to excite modes in the β Cephei frequency-domain for 0.003 ≤ Z ≤ 0.021. These values of Z are in a good agreement with those derived spectroscopically for stars in the Galaxy and Magellanic Clouds.
The Infinite Time Quadratic Control Problem for Linear Systems with State and Control Delays: An Evolution Equation Approach

We show how a linear differential delay equation with delays in the control can be reformulated as an evolution equation with bounded input operator. As a simple application, we solve an infinite time quadratic cost control problem for the delay differential equation. We also point out how our results, even when specialized to the case where delays in the control disappear, extend results previously published in the literature.
Regularization under diffusion and anti-concentration of the information content

Under the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup $\{U_t\}$, any non-negative measurable $f : \mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R_+$ exhibits a uniform tail bound better than that implied by Markov's inequality and conservation of mass: For every $\alpha \geq e^3$, and $t > 0$, \[ \gamma_n\left(\left\{x \in \mathbb R^n : U_t f(x) > \alpha \int f\,d\gamma_n\right\}\right) \leq C(t) \frac{1}{\alpha} \sqrt{\frac{\log \log \alpha}{\log \alpha}}\] where $\gamma_n$ is the $n$-dimensional Gaussian measure and $C(t)$ is a constant depending only on $t$. This confirms positively the Gaussian limiting case of Talagrand's convolution conjecture (1989). This is shown to follow from a more general phenomenon. Suppose that $f : \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}_+$ is {\em semi-log-convex} in the sense that for some $\beta > 0$, for all $x \in \mathbb{R}^n$, the eigenvalues of $\nabla^2 \log f(x)$ are at least $-\beta$. Then $f$ satisfies a tail bound asymptotically better than that implied by Markov's inequality.
Effective potentials of quantum strip waveguides and their dependence upon torsion

We investigate the dynamics of a particle constrained to move on a curved quantum strip waveguide embedded in three-space, subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. By establishing a coordinate system which allows a more general formulation of the dynamics, we demonstrate consistency with previous results and provide evidence that the presence of torsion introduces a further effective potential term. This result has implications for nanostructure device engineering.
Influence of Kamela (Mallotus philippensis) leaves as herbal feed additive on nutrient utilization and performances in growing crossbred calves

This work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of Kamela (Mallotus philippensis) leaf meal as herbal feed additive on nutrients utilization and growth performance of growing crossbred calves. Ten numbers of growing Jersey male cross-bred calves were divided in to two groups (G1 and G2) and were fed individually under stall feeding on a paddy straw based mixed ration (50% paddy straw and 50% concentrate mixture) for 140 days. Two types (C1 and C2) of iso-nitrogenous concentrate mixtures were prepared. Wheat bran in concentrate mixture (C2) of test group (G2) was partially replaced (4 parts w/w) with sun dried ground Mallotus philippensis leaf meal. Experimental calves of test group (G2) fed Mallotus philippensis leaf meal @ 2% of the diet. Daily dry matter intake (g/d) was similar among the calves of two experimental groups. Apparent digestibility of DM, OM, NDF, ADF and cellulose were higher in the Mallotus philippensis leaf meal fed calves (G2). DCP value of the ration was similar while, TDN value of the ration was higher in the calves of Mallotus philippensis leaf meal supplemented group (G2). However, plane of nutrition among the calves of both experimental groups was similar. Average finishing body weight, daily body weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and blood glucose level were higher in Mallotus philippensis leaf fed calves (G2). The results of the study indicated that dietary supplementation Kamela (Mallotus philippensis) leaf meal as herbal feed additive @ 2% of total diet significantly improved the performance in growing male crossbred calves.
Factors Associated With Unfavorable Radiological Outcomes After Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Knees

Background: Corrective osteotomy around the knee is based on deformity profiles of the femoral and tibial sides. Opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) can be favored if the outcomes are not different, even if there is a certain degree of abnormal parameters after correction. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with unfavorable radiological outcomes after OWHTO for varus knees. Our hypothesis was that there would be an optimal situation in which double-level osteotomy (DLO) has advantages over isolated OWHTO and an optimal cutoff value of structural parameters for which DLO should be considered in patients with severe varus knees. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The radiological and clinical outcomes of 337 patients who underwent OWHTO were retrospectively evaluated. A subgroup analysis was performed according to the weightbearing line ratio (WBLR) (group 1: <25th percentile; group 2: 25th-75th percentile; and group 3: >75th percentile) and factors associated with unfavorable radiological outcomes. For the assessment of cutoff values of the parameters favoring DLO, unfavorable radiological outcomes were categorized as follows: (1) medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) >95°, (2) joint-line convergence angle (JLCA) >4° (insufficient medial release), (3) JLCA <0° (medial instability), (4) recurrence of a varus deformity, and (5) lateral hinge fracture. Results: The mean follow-up period was 66.2 ± 19.1 months. A low preoperative WBLR was related to a larger preoperative to postoperative change (Δ) in the WBLR, a larger reduction in coronal translation, a larger ΔMPTA, a wide preoperative lateral joint space, and a narrow preoperative medial joint space (P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P = .016, and P = .003, respectively). However, only an MPTA >95° was significantly related to a low WBLR in the subgroup analysis according to unfavorable radiological outcomes (P = .038). The cutoff value of ΔWBLR causing an MPTA >95° was 46.5%, which showed a good area under the curve of 0.800, with a sensitivity of 74.4% and a specificity of 82.7%. The clinical outcomes significantly improved at the final follow-up compared with those preoperatively, with no significant differences between the WBLR groups. Conclusion: A ΔWBLR ≥46.5% led to an MPTA >95°. However, clinical outcomes were not affected. DLO should be considered if the surgeon desires a postoperative MPTA ≤95°.
On the arithmetic difference of middle Cantor sets

Suppose that $\mathcal{C}$ is the space of all middle Cantor sets. We characterize all triples $(\alpha,~\beta,~\lambda)\in \mathcal{C}\times\mathcal{C}\times \mathbb{R}^*$ that satisfy $C_\alpha- \lambda C_\beta=[-\lambda,~1]. $ Also all triples (that are dense in $\mathcal{C}\times\mathcal{C}\times \mathbb{R}^*$) has been determined such that $C_\alpha- \lambda C_\beta$ forms the attractor of an iterated function system. Then we found a new family of the pair of middle Cantor sets $\mathcal{P}$ in a way that for each $(C_\alpha,~ C_\beta)\in\mathcal{P}$, there exists a dense subfield $F\subset \mathbb{R}$ such that for each $\mu \in F$, the set $C_\alpha- \mu C_\beta$ contains an interval or has zero Lebesgue measure. In sequel, conditions on the functions $f, ~g$ and the pair $(C_\alpha,~C_\beta)$ is provided which $f(C_{\alpha})- g(C_{\beta})$ contains an interval. This leads us to denote another type of stability in the intersection of two Cantor sets. We prove the existence of this stability for regular Cantor sets that have stable intersection and its absence for those which the sum of their Hausdorff dimension is less than one. At the end, special middle Cantor sets $C_\alpha$ and $C_\beta$ are introduced. Then the iterated function system corresponding to the attractor $C_{\alpha}-\frac{2\alpha}{\beta}C_\beta$ is characterized. Some specifications of the attractor has been presented that keep our example as an exception. We also show that $\sqrt{C_{\alpha}}$ - $\sqrt{C_{\beta}}$ contains at least one interval.
Role of Trans Obturator Tape (TOT) in the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence

Aim: To evaluate the role of trans obturator tape (TOT) insertion in the treatment of women with mixed urinary incontinence using subjective and objective measures. Patient and Methods: Included 25 female patients with mixed urinary incontinence with failure of response to medical treatment and other forms of conservative methods underwent trans obturator tape insertion (TOT) and followed until six months postoperative. Results: TOT was successful in treatment of stress urinary incontinence, but 60% successful in treatment of urge incontinence 6 months post-operative. Conclusion: TOT is an effective operation for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence; however, large studies with long term follow-up are needed to confirm that finding.
The spectral extent of chorus in the off‐equatorial magnetosphere

Magnetospheric chorus waves are a major driver of acceleration and loss in the Earth's outer electron radiation belt. The spectral extent of chorus is a key parameter in quantifying the global effect of chorus on energetic particle populations by determining the range of resonant electron energies. However, statistics of spectral properties are sparse, particularly in the off‐equatorial magnetosphere. We use a database of chorus observations from the Polar spacecraft to generate statistics on the normalized chorus frequency (with the respect to the minimum field line gyrofrequency, Ωmin) as a function of magnetic local time (MLT) (0 < MLT < 24), L‐shell (3 < L < 11), and magnetic latitude (|λ|< 65°). We find that, on average, the chorus spectrum peaks in the range of 0.1–0.4 Ωmin, varying significantly with λ, R0 and MLT. The normalized chorus peak frequency is found to decrease with increasing R0, and decreases with increasing latitude below ∼ 25°. When fit to a Gaussian spectral model, lower band chorus is found to have a bandwidth < 0.1 Ωmin, which is narrower than assumed in most diffusion models. Diffusion coefficients calculated using the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Full Diffusion Code show that wave‐particle interactions on the nightside are highly sensitive to both the peak frequency and bandwidth of chorus, yet on the dayside scattering is mostly sensitive to the peak frequency as a result of the wider latitudinal extent of the waves. We also find that fitting a Gaussian to the logarithm of the spectrum reduces fit errors by over 60%, indicating that inclusion of arbitrary spectral forms may improve the accuracy of wave models within radiation belt simulations.
Quantum Symmetric Functions

ABSTRACT We study quantum deformations of Poisson orbivarieties. Given a Poisson manifold (ℝ m , α) we consider the Poisson orbivariety ( . The Kontsevich star product on functions on (ℝ m ) n induces a star product on functions on ( . We provide explicit formulae for the case 𝔥×𝔥/𝒲, where 𝔥 is the Cartan subalgebra of a classical Lie algebra 𝔤 and 𝒲 is the Weyl group of 𝔥. We approach our problem from a fairly general point of view, introducing Polya functors for categories over nonsymmetric Hopf operads.
Homological dimensions and abelian model structures on chain complexes

We construct Abelian model structures on the category of chain complexes over a ring $R$, from the notion homological dimensions of modules. Given an integer $n > 0$, we prove that the left modules over a ringoid $\mathfrak{R}$ with projective dimension at most $n$ form the left half of a complete cotorsion pair. Using this result we prove that there is a unique Abelian model structure on the category of chain complexes where the exact complexes are the trivial objects and the complexes with projective dimension at most $n$ form the class of trivially cofibrant objects. In the paper "Cotorsion pairs in C($R$-Mod)", the authors construct an Abelian model structure on chain complexes, where the trivial objects are the exact complexes and the class of cofibrant objects is given by the complexes whose terms are all projective. We extend this result by finding a new Abelian model structure with the same trivial objects and where the cofibrant objects are given by the class of complexes whose terms are modules with projective dimension at most $n$. We also prove similar results concerning the flat dimension.
Sieve weights and their smoothings

We obtain asymptotic formulas for the $2k$th moments of partially smoothed divisor sums of the Mobius function. When $2k$ is small compared with $A$, the level of smoothing, then the main contribution to the moments come from integers with only large prime factors, as one would hope for in sieve weights. However if $2k$ is any larger, compared with $A$, then the main contribution to the moments come from integers with quite a few prime factors, which is not the intention when designing sieve weights. The threshold for "small" occurs when $A=\frac 1{2k} \binom{2k}{k}-1$. One can ask analogous questions for polynomials over finite fields and for permutations, and in these cases the moments behave rather differently, with even less cancellation in the divisor sums. We give, we hope, a plausible explanation for this phenomenon, by studying the analogous sums for Dirichlet characters, and obtaining each type of behaviour depending on whether or not the character is "exceptional".
HIF-1α/YAP Signaling Rewrites Glucose/Iodine Metabolism Program to Promote Papillary Thyroid Cancer Progression

Background: The management of aggressive and progressive metastatic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is very difficult. An inverse relationship between radioiodine and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake (''flip-flop'' phenomenon) is described for invasive PTC during dedifferentiation. However, no satisfactory biologic explanation for this phenomenon. Hypoxia is an important microenvironmental factor that promotes cancer progression and glycolysis. The Hippo-YAP is a highly conserved tumor suppressor pathway and contributes to cancer metabolic reprogramming. Thus, we investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of glucose/iodine metabolic reprogramming in PTC, focusing on the tumor hypoxia microenvironment and Hippo-YAP signaling. Methods: Immunohistochemistry staining was conducted to evaluate the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), yes-associated protein (YAP), glucose transporters 1 (GLUT1) and sodium iodine symporter (NIS) in matched PTC and the adjacent noncancerous tissues. PTC cell lines were cultured under normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions and the glycolysis level and NIS expression were measured. Further, we characterized the molecular mechanism of glucose/iodine metabolic reprogramming in PTC cell. Finally, we validated the results in vivo by establishing subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice. Results: The expression levels of HIF1-α, YAP and GLUT1 were upregulated in PTC tissues and YAP expression was positively associated with HIF-1α, GLUT1 and TNM stages. Meanwhile, the expression of NIS was negatively correlated with YAP. Further, in vitro studies indicated that hypoxia-induced YAP activation was critical for accelerating glycolysis and reducing NIS expression in PTC cells. Inhibition of YAP had the opposite effects in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Hypoxia inhibited the Hippo signaling pathway resulting in the inactivation of YAP phosphorylation, further promoting the nuclear localization of YAP in PTC cells. The mechanism is that hypoxic stress promoted YAP binding to HIF-1α in the nucleus and maintained HIF-1α protein stability. The YAP/HIF-1α complex bound and directly activated the GLUT1 transcription to accelerate glycolysis. Meanwhile, HIF-1α/YAP signaling might indirectly reduce the expression of NIS by promoting the output of MAPK signaling. In vivo studies confirmed the YAP-mediated reprogramming of glucose/iodine metabolism promoted PTC progression. Conclusions: Collectively, our data revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of the glucose/iodine metabolic program rewritten by HIF-1α/YAP signaling in PTC. Inhibition of HIF-1α/YAP signaling alone or in combination with other potential markers may effectively combat aggressive PTC.
On records and related processes for sequences with trends

We study the records and related variables for sequences with linear trends. We discuss the properties of the asymptotic rate function and relationships between the distribution of the long-term maxima in the sequence and that of a particular observation, including two characterization type results. We also consider certain Markov chains related to the process of records and prove limit theorems for them, including the ergodicity theorem in the regular case (convergence rates are given under additional assumptions), and derive the limiting distributions for the inter-record times and increments of records.
Empowerment Intervention Program on Perceived Discrimination and Internalized Stigma among Patients with schizophrenia

Aim : This study assessed the effectiveness of an empowerment intervention program on discrimination and internalized stigma among patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Design : A pre-post-test non-equivalent group design was used in this study. Setting: in-patient male departments in the Psychiatry and Addiction Prevention University Hospital. Sample : A purposive sample consisting of 30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia was randomly assigned and divided into two groups (study and control groups). Tools : The current study gathered data using three tools: personal data sheet, an internalized stigma scale, and an amended apparent devaluation discrimination scale. Results : At baseline, there were statistically significant differences between the control group and the internalized stigma total (p=0.003) and subscales alienation (p=0.001), stereotype endorsement (p=0.009), and perceived discrimination (p=0.023). With patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, the empowerment intervention sessions significantly reduced internalized stigma and revised perceived devaluation discrimination, resulting in lower mean internalized stigma and revised perceived devaluation discrimination scores for the study group compared to the control group. The Revised Perceived Devaluation Discrimination also decreased significantly after the empowerment intervention program (p= 0.001). Conclusion : This study indicated that the empowering intervention was effective when it is integrated with treatment as usual.
ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE TO SEASONAL CHANGES IN THYMUS CAPITATUS (L.)

his paper aims to study the impact of microhabitats and seasonal variations on antioxidants components in Thymus capitatus plants growing in nature. T. capitatus is a perennial xerophyte growing naturally at calcareous hills and wadis closest to the Mediterranean region. Freshly terminal shoots of T. capitatus and associated soil were collected from Wadi Habis (west Matrouh), Egypt. The plant samples were studied from three microhabitats; upstream, wadi-runnel and wadi-bed during winter and summer, 2018. Soil physical analysis was done. In plant samples, water content, malondialdehyde (MDA), specific activities of peroxidase ( POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and proline content, total phenols, anthocyanin, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, were determined. The specific activity of PPO was increased in the summer season while water content increased in winter. The other parameters were not changed significantly by seasonal variations. Regarding microhabitats effect, MDA attained the highest value in those at upstream, proline content was found higher at wadi-runnel, while PPO, POD, PAL, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, anthocyanin and total phenols were the highest in those at wadi-bed. Our results indicated that T . capitatus is highly tolerant to drought stress via keeping stability on MDA content.