Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vegetation and flora of the Ben More — Chalk Range area of southern Marlborough South Island

Abstract The physiography indigenous vegettion, and total flora are described for 225 km2 of Tertiary and Cretaceous rocks which form hilly and mountain landscapes extending from sea level to 1245 m above sea level in southern Marlborough. The rocks include hard limestones which produce high perpendicular cliffs. Sixteen vegetation units ranging from lowland mixed hardwood forest and scrub through upland forests to subalpine scrub are described in relation to local climatic gradients altitude topography, and parent materials. Differences between vegetation on non-calcareous and calcareous soils are most distinctive on colluvial slopes with skeletal soils. 562 indigenous gymnosperms lycopods ferns, and flowering plants are listed over half the total for north-east South Island. 217 adventive species are listed. Many indigenous taxa are unnamed but few are confined to the study area. Overall 5% of the flora are calcicoles but only 2.7% strongly so. Appended notes discuss nomenclature and distribution.
Survival of Rainbow Trout Eggs after Receiving Physical Shocks of Known Magnitude

Abstract Salmonid eggs are known to be sensitive to physical shock at certain stages of development. Survivability of the eggs is unknown when incubating under natural conditions and subjected to the seismic shock of underground nuclear detonations. Rainbow trout eggs were incubated to various stages of development (37.5, 75, 125 or 250 Temperature Units) in simulated redds and subjected to five sequential physical shocks of either 1, 2, 5 or 10 g. Eggs were then allowed to continue incubation to hatch or near hatch. Results indicated no significant difference in survival of eggs subjected to physical shocks of these four magnitudes at the various developmental stages when compared to eggs subjected to no shock. There was no significant difference in egg survival after shocking at 8.2 C (47 F) or at 11.1 C (52 F).
A P HONE -O RIENTED S EGMENT M ODEL OF THE H UMAN CORTEX A H YPOTHESIS

: This paper brings together perceptive knowledge of phone classification, biological knowledge of the auditory system (cochlea nuclei, inferior colliculus, primary and secondary auditory cortex), and statistic knowledge of acoustic models. Due to the finding we postulate: for perception the auditory system generates features extracted from critical bands. These features are statistic independent for adjacent phones 1 the perception of phones occurs in the secondary cortex based on a segment model, where all statistic dependencies of the features are modeled correctly for whole utterances
WITHDRAWN: TREATMENT FAILURE AND EMPIRIC ANTIBIOTIC CHOICE FOR HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA: Β-LACTAM/Β-LACTAMASE INHIBITOR COMBINED WITH MACROLID OR FLUOROQUINOLONE ALONE?

Background A considerable percentage of empirical antibiotic treatment fails in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). β-lactams and macrolid (BLM) combination or respiratory fluoroquinolones (FQ) are the most frequently used in these patients. The aim of the present study is to compare the treatment failure (TF) rates in BLM and FQ treatment and to analyze the predictive factors of TF. Method Hospitalized patients who were initially treated with either BLM or FQ were included retrospectively and treatment results of the two regimens were compared. Results Of the 144 patients included in the study, the mean age was 67±16 and 102 (71%) were male. Each group constituted of 72 patients. Antibiotic selection did not alter TF rates, length of stay (LOS) and 30-day mortality. Baseline higher levels of leucocytes, neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), BUN/albumin, lactate dehydrogenase/aspartat aminotransferase (LDH/AST) levels and pneumonia severity index (PSI) scores were detected as predictors of TF. Conclusion Empirical treatments with either BLM or FQ do not correlate with TF, LOS and 30-day mortality. NLR, BUN/albumin and LDH/AST may suggest TF. These inexpensive and easily-reachable parameters have the potential as predictors of the treatment outcome in CAP. Notices of retraction Akyil, F. T. , Bekir, S. A. , Gungor, A. , Akyuz, K. , Kose, N. , Turker, H. , Akyil, M. , & Sevim, T. (2019). TREATMENT FAILURE AND EMPIRIC ANTIBIOTIC CHOICE FOR HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA: Β-LACTAM/Β-LACTAMASE INHIBITOR COMBINED WITH MACROLID OR FLUOROQUINOLONE ALONE? International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 7(7), 360-369. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7. i7.2019. 778 Article retracted by : EditorReason(s) for retraction : Author's conflicts of interest
The influence of sowing rate and row spacing on the plant density and yield of red beet

Summary Three experiments examined the effects of sowing rate and between-row spacing on the plant density and yield of red beet. The proportion of seeds which produced mature plants decreased when the mean distance to the nearest neighbour was less than 5 cm. In these experiments, this distance was governed by within-row spacing. Thus, plots with narrow-spaced rows achieved a higher plant density than those with wide-spaced rows, when sown with the same weight of seed. Total yield of beet per unit area decreased with increasing plant density. Maximum yields per unit area of small beet were achieved at high plant densities, whereas maximum yields of large beet were achieved at low plant densities. The effect of between-row spacing on yield was much smaller than that of density, and was important only for crops harvested early. Shoot yield per unit area was measured in two experiments and was not affected by row spacing in either. Shoot yield was not affected by plant density in one experiment, but, in the other, tended to a maximum value with increasing plant density.
Radar-Derived Digital Elevation Models and Field-Surveyed Variables to Predict Distributions of Juvenile Coho Salmon and Dolly Varden in Remote Streams of Alaska

Abstract We used field-surveyed and digital elevation model (DEM) parameters to predict density distributions of juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch and Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma in remote streams on Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska, and to identify influences of associated reach-level habitat characteristics. Fish densities were highest in two reach types (low-gradient floodplain reaches and moderately contained reaches) characterized by numerous pool habitats, low pool spacing distances, and abundant large woody debris. Regression analyses indicated that channel gradients measured during field surveys (M-gradients) accounted for significant amounts of the variance in coho salmon and Dolly Varden juvenile densities. The DEMs derived from a 2000 space-shuttle radar mapping mission were used to estimate channel gradients (DEM-gradients) and gradient zones: (0–3, >3–6, >6–15, and >15%) in stream networks. A high correlation between DEM-gradients and M-gradients (r = 0.92), along with the r.
Lichens and bryophytes of the alpine and subalpine zones of Katahdin, Maine, I: Overview, ecology, climate and conservation aspects

Abstract Katahdin, the highest peak in Maine at 1606 m, has about 13 km2 (1300 ha) of alpine and subalpine tundra and krummholz on a summit plateau and in upper cirque basins. Lichens and bryophytes have been collected above tree line since the mid-19th century, but the cryptogam biota of the mountain has remained incompletely documented. For 16 days during 2001–2004 we inventoried lichens and bryophytes of the subalpine and alpine zones of Katahdin (above 884 m), visiting open alpine tundra, alpine cliffs in glacial cirques, seeps, fellfields, krummholz and subalpine forests. We relocated most species represented by historic collections and added many more to the documented biota, including significant range extensions and species new to North America or northeastern United States. The floristic results are presented in two associated papers. Here we (1) summarize previous studies of the botany, ecology and geology of Katahdin; (2) compare quadrats from a Diapensia heath in exposed alpine tundra on the Table Land with a snow bed community just below the Table Land, where a marked difference in the bryophyte and lichen assemblages may reflect cryptogam-vascular plant interactions and/or site-specific differences; and (3) summarize unpublished weather data collected at the Chimney Pond Ranger Station (ca. 890 m). Katahdin and Mt. Washington, New Hampshire, have similar recent temperature and precipitation records on the basis of the available data. Katahdin shares some vegetation components and climate features with mountain ranges in the Pacific Northwest, New Zealand and the Scottish Highlands that have been studied for lichens and/or bryophytes.
Treatment of Urolithiasis: Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used by the Population Bordering the Forest of Izarène

Background: In order to valorize and safeguard ancestral knowledge of medicinal plants used in traditional pharmacopoeia in the treatment of urolithiasis, an ethnobotanical study was carried out near the riverine population of the forest of Izarène. Methods: Using 480 questionnaire cards, ethnobotanical field surveys were conducted during three campaigns (2013-2016). The different survey environments were determined using probabilistic stratified sampling techniques. The data were organized and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed through the calculation of different quantitative indices, such as: Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Family Importance Value index (FIV) and Use value of the Plant Part (PPV). Results: The results showed 53 useful plant species, belonging to 24 botanical families, which have been reported in the treatment of renal lithiasis. The Lamiaceae family was the most represented (10 species, FIV = 0.043). The highest Relative Citation Frequency (RFC) (0.173) was recorded for Herniaria hirsutas. The results obtained also showed that leaves are the most used part (PPV = 0.216). The decoction is the dominant method of preparation and the administration is mainly oral. Conclusions: The results obtained could constitute a database in the perspective of phytochemical, pharmacological and implementation experiments of innovative initiatives that could lead in the future to the manufacture of traditional drugs used in the treatment of renal lithiasis.
IS THE JAMAICAN ECONOMY A DISEASE AND IS IT CREATING RAPISTS AND MURDERERS? THE ECOPHARMODRACOSIS AND ECOPSYCARSOGENIC DISEASES ARE NOW NAMED

Introduction: Economies that are structurally flawed have inherent problems that culminate into rebellion, civil wars, riots, unrising, cases of homicide and other social deviant acts. An unstable economy eventually becomes a “disease” when it impacts on people‟s psychosocial well-being, which is the feature of the Jamaican economy. Objective: This papers addresses the gap in the literature by an evaluation of the economy and cases of murders and rape in order to examine whether the system is a disease and its outcomes are murder and rape. Materials and methods: The data for this study were sourced from various Jamaica Government Publications. The period for this work is from 1970 through to 2013 for rape and from 1960 to 2013 for homicide. The level of significance that is used to determine statistical significance is less than 5% (0.05) at the 2tailed level of significance. Descriptive statistics were computed for rape, rape rate, exchange rate and homicide. Those were reported as mean±SD, with 95% confidence interval. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression was used to determine whether rape and carnal abuse rate, as WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES SJIF Impact Factor 5.210 Volume 4, Issue 12, 169-196 Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357 Article Received on 30 Sep 2015, Revised on 23 Oct 2015, Accepted on 17 Nov 2015
As aves da Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande (Cotia, SP)

A total of 198 bird species was recorded in the Morro Grande Forest Reserve. The survey was conducted between 2001 and 2003 using qualitative and quantitative (mist-nets and point counts) methods. The number of species recorded with the quantitative methods was lower if compared with the total number of species registered in the reserve, with 98 species recorded with point counts and 46 captured with mist nets. In spite of this difference, both methods detected similar patterns of species distribution, showing a huge heterogeneity in the bird community along the reserve, with the main differences between the mature forest, richer and with several exclusive species, and secondary forests. However, even among secondary forest plots differences could be seen. Besides the large size of the Reserve and the fact that it is well linked with the continuous forest of the Serra de Paranapiacaba, several species have already disappeared from the Reserve. These are mainly species under a high hunting pressure and the large canopy frugivores. Even though, the Morro Grande Reserve harbors a high diversity of species, with several endemic and threatened species. The conservation and restoration of Morro Grande forests represent important actions for bird conservation in the Atlantic forest.
e Idiosyncratic Volatility Puzzle

Monthly sorting stocks into quintiles based on idiosyncratic volatility levels we nd a negative relationship between idiosyncratic volatility and returns, providing additional evidence of the Idiosyncratic Volatility Puzzle aer the crisis in the American equity market. We test several holding periods (1, 3, 6 and 12 months) nding that the relation between idiosyncratic volatility and returns is holding-period dependent, because it presents an inverted U-shape trend. A wavelet multi-resolution analysis performed on our data shows the contribution of dierent frequencies to the Puzzle, reporting the relevance of heterogeneity of investors’ investment horizon hypothesis. Several performance evaluation measures are then computed for two trading strategies exploiting the Puzzle. Supervisor: Prof. P. Santucci De Magistris Co-Supervisor: Prof. Stefano Grassi Candidate: Eduardo Cortellesi Snr: 701441 Department of Economia e Finanza Chair of Empirical Finance 2018-2019
In vitro sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum isolates to fungicides

Head blight of wheat is a disease of global importance. In Brazil, it can cause damage of up to 27%. As resistant cultivars are not available yet, short-term disease control relies on the use of fungicides. The first step to reach effective management is to identify potent fungicides. In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) for mycelial growth or conidial germination, according to the chemical group of fungicides, of five Fusarium graminearum isolates of different origins. The following demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides were tested: epoxiconazole, cyproconazole, metconazole, prochloraz, protioconazole and tebuconazole. In addition, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin were included in the study, representing Quinone outside inhibitor fungicides (QoI), as well as a tubulin synthesis inhibitor, carbendazim and two ready mixtures, trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole or trifloxistrobin + prothioconazole. DMI's showed lower IC50 values compared to the QoI's. For the five tested isolates, in the overall mean, IC50 considering mycelial growth ranged for DMI's from 0.01 mg/L (metconazole, prochloraz and prothioconazole) to 0.12 mg/L (cyproconazole) and considering conidial germination for QoI's from 0.21 mg/L (azoxystrobin) to 1.33 mg/L (trifloxystrobin). The IC50 for carbendazim was 0.07 mg/L. All tested isolates can be considered sensitive to the studied DMI's, although certain differences in sensitivity could be detected between the isolates originating from one same state.
Phylogeny and Rates of Character Evolution Among Ringtail Possums (Pseudocheiridae : Marsupialia)

A total of 47 craniodental characters seen in fossil and extant ringtail possums (Pseudocheiridae: Marsupialia) were examined using Wagner, Camin-Sokal, and Dollo parsimony. All extant species form a clade to the exclusion of Miocene genera. Hemibelideus and Petauroides are sister taxa, as are Petropseudes and Pseudochirops. All species of Pseudocheirus are united together, except Pseudocheirus peregrinus, the phylogenetic position of which is uncertain on the basis of craniodental information. Overall, the agreement between cladistic analyses of craniodental characters and biochemical analysis is excellent, although the latter provide much stronger evidence that P. peregrinus is a sister taxon to other Pseudocheirus species. Rates of evolution of craniodental characters are highest in the Pseudochirops-Petropseudes lineage, where widening of the molars, elaboration of cusps and conules, accentuation of cristae and cristids, and the development of highly crenulated enamel create a dental battery that is better equipped to process plant material. Pseudocheirus displays the least modification of the presumed primitive dental condition.
A Preliminary Survey of Landbirds on Lakeba, Lau Group, Fiji

Summary We report the results of 42 point-counts of land-birds in five types of habitat on Lakeba, Lau Group, Fiji, during 9–15 May 1999. The relative abundance and species richness were greatest in mid-/late-successional limestone forest, the habitat type least modified by humans. This was due mainly to an increased presence of four columbids (Gal-licolumba stairi, Ptilinopus perousii, P. porphyraceus and Ducula pacifica) and two passerine insectivores (Mayrornis lessoni and Myiagra vanikorensis.) By contrast, the relative abundance of two passerine nectarivores (Myzomela jugularis and Foulehaio carunculata) was greatest in disturbed habitats with many coconut trees. Most species of landbirds on Lakeba also occur in Tonga and/or Samoa, where methodologically similar surveys have taken place. The combined data indicate that the relative abundance and habitat association of some widespread West Polynesian species, such as Lalage maculosa, Aplonis tabuensis and Foulehaio carunculata, vary dramatically from island to island, both between and within island groups. Other species, such as Ducula pacifica, Ptilinopus porphyraceus and Halcyon chloris, occur across West Polynesia in much more predictable patterns.
Print: Chapter 7. Psychological Aspects of Normal Aging

Research on psychological aspects of normal aging is now mature and middle-aged. Major longitudinal studies have collected data for up to 50 years of repeated observations, versions of the Handbook of the Psychology of Aging and chapters reviewing the psychology of normal aging have been written for up to 30 years, and the handbook is now in its 6th edition. In this chapter we take a life span approach that is focused on adult development and aging (Siegler 2007a). Thus, it is possible to cite previously published chapters on the normal psychology of aging for geriatric psychiatry (Poon and Siegler 1991; Siegler 1980; Siegler and Poon 1989; Siegler et al. 1996, 2004) and to focus here on the exciting data that recently have become available from mature longitudinal studies and from cross-sectional studies in cognition and neuropsychology, as well as personality and behavioral medicine, that routinely cross disciplinary boundaries. Since the last edition of this textbook, a series of edited volumes have presented reviews in areas of the psychology of normal aging (Birren and Schaie 2006; Carstensen and Hartel 2006; Costa and Siegler 2004) and of health and aging (Aldwin et al. 2007; Markides 2007); these reviews have updated the detailed information presented in the previously published chapters cited above. Attention to how ethnic factors may shape normal psychology of aging are now well recognized (Jackson et al. 2004), and ethnic variations in dementia are being considered (Dilworth-Anderson et al. 2005a, 2005b), as are discussions of cognitive changes with aging (integrated with neuroimaging and neurosciences [Madden and Whiting 2004; Pierce et al. 2004]), including work in motivation, emotion, and social functioning (Carstensen et al. 2006). Summaries from these recent volumes are presented in this chapter.
Armazenamento e requerimento fotoblástico de sementes de Acacia polyphylla DC

Acacia polyphylla (Mimosaceae) is a native tree species in Brazil, important for restoration of degraded areas. Seeds of this species were stored under both natural and artificial conditions, to evaluate the seed longevity in soil, conserve the seed physiological quality for two years and verify the photoblastic requirement of stored seeds. Under natural conditions, seeds were buried in light gap and under both thin and closed canopies. Under these conditions, fast deterioration was found and seeds were unable to compose the soil seed bank. Under artificial conditions, seeds were packaged in different containers and stored at both room temperature and in a cold chamber for two years. Periodically, seeds were incubated at 25oC in darkness and under an eight hours photoperiod of both white light (high red-far red ratio) and shade light (low red-far red ratio). During the storage period, germination in darkness was lower than under either white or shade lights. Physiological quality was maintained for two years when seeds were packaged in an impermeable container and stored in a cold chamber. Germinative behaviour of the seeds stored for two years was compared with that of the fresh seeds, at both constant and alternating temperatures, and no effect of either seed age or temperature regime on the photoblastic requirement of the seeds was detected.
A Randomized Trial

INFLUENZA CAUSES ANNUAL EPIDEMics of respiratory illness worldwide and is the most important cause of medically attended acute respiratory illness. Moreover, there is increasing concern about the recently declared influenza pandemic due to 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in humans. Transmission of influenza can occur by coughing or sneezing where infectious particles of variable size, ranging from approximately 0.1 to 100 μm, may be inhaled. This range of particles has a yet undefined but possibly important role in transmission. Although data from animal models and human experimental studies suggest that short-range inhalational transmission with small droplet nuclei (! 10 μm) can occur, the exact nature of transmission of influenza that occurs
Reproductive biology of the blackmouth catshark, Galeus melastomus (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) off the Languedocian coast (southern France, northern Mediterranean)

The blackmouth catshark, Galeus melastomus presents a wide Atlanto-Mediterranean distribution, and is commonly captured off the Languedocian coast (southern France, northern Mediterranean). The males and females sexually matured between 510–550 mm and 520–610 mm total length (TL), respectively. The largest male and the largest female were 620 mm and 640 mm TL, respectively. There was a significant relationship of total liver mass vs TL between males and females. The diameter of the largest yolky oocytes ranged from 15 to 18 mm (16.5 ± 2.7). Production of egg cases was observed throughout the year, except in September. Egg cases had between 36 and 50 mm (mean: 45.3 mm ± 3.9) in length without horns, and between 14 and 21 mm (18.2 mm ± 1.4) in width. Fecundity remained difficult to assess; an estimation based on production of egg cases enabled us to consider 93 egg cases per year as a maximum.