Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
System identification of neural systems: If we got it right, would we know?

Various artificial neural networks developed by engineers are now proposed as 1 models of parts of the brain, such as the ventral stream in the primate visual 2 cortex. After being trained on large datasets, the network activations are compared 3 to recordings of biological neurons. A key question is how much the ability of 4 predicting neural responses actually tells us. In particular, do these functional 5 tests about neurons activation allow us to distinguish between different model 6 architectures? We benchmark existing techniques to correctly identify a model 7 by replacing the brain recordings with recordings from a known ground truth 8 neural network, using the most common identification methods. Even in the setting 9 where the correct model is among the candidates, we find that system identification 10 performance is quite variable, depending significantly on factors independent of 11 the ground truth architecture, such as scoring function and dataset. In addition, we 12 show limitations of the current approaches in identifying higher-level architectural 13 motif, such as convolution and attention. 14
Environmental temperature influences ophidiomycosis progression and survival in experimentally challenged prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis)

Ophidiomycosis is a prevalent and intermittently pervasive disease of snakes globally caused by the opportunistic fungal pathogen, Ophidiomyces ophidiicola. Host response has yet to be fully explored, including the role of temperature in disease progression and hematologic changes. This study enrolled twelve adult prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) in an experimental challenge with O. ophidiicola at two temperatures, 26°C (n = 6) and 20°C (n = 6). Each temperature cohort included four inoculated and two control snakes. Assessments involving physical exams, lesion swabbing, and hematology were performed weekly. Differences were observed between inoculated and control snakes in survival, behavior, clinical signs, ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence, hematologic response, and histologic lesions. All inoculated snakes held at 20°C were euthanized prior to study end date due to severity of clinical signs while only one inoculated animal in the 26°C trial met this outcome. In both groups, qPCR positive detection preceded clinical signs with regards to days post inoculation (dpi). However, the earliest appearance of gross lesions occurred later in the 20°C snakes (20 dpi) than the 26°C snakes (13 dpi). Relative leukocytosis was observed in all inoculated snakes and driven by heterophilia in the 20°C snakes, and azurophilia in the 26°C group. Histologically, 20°C snakes had more severe lesions, a lack of appropriate inflammatory response, and unencumbered fungal proliferation and invasion. In contrast, 26°C snakes had marked granulomatous inflammation with encapsulation of fungi and less invasion and dissemination. The results of this study identified that O. ophidiicola-infected rattlesnakes exposed to lower temperatures have decreased survival and more robust hematologic change, though minimal and ineffective inflammatory response at site of infection. Ophidiomycosis is a complex disease with host, pathogen, and environmental factors influencing disease presentation, progression, and ultimately, survival. This study highlighted the importance of temperature as an element impacting the host response to O. ophidiicola.
Tetrabenazine

Background: Tetrabenazine (TBZ) depletes presynaptic dopamine in the CNS. It has been found to be beneficial in hyperkinetic movement disorders without carrying the extrapyramidal side effects that are characteristic of neuroleptics. Objective: To summarize current knowledge on the use of TBZ and draw conclusions about its efficacy and safety. Methods: PubMed literature searches using the term ‘tetrabenazine’ were carried out for the period prior to May 2009. Additional relevant studies referenced by these publications were included. Conclusions: Both short- and long-term studies have consistently yielded favorable results for the use of TBZ in the treatment of hyperkinetic movement in terms of efficacy and safety. TBZ is most effective in reducing chorea (including Huntington’s disease associated chorea), tic associated with Tourette’s syndrome and tardive dyskinesias. Furthermore, TBZ might also have potential for use in other hyperkinetic disorders (e.g., myoclonus and dystonia), for which future clinical trials are needed.
SweetDeal : Represen with Exceptions using and Process

SweetDeal is a rule-based approach to representation of business contracts that enables software agents to create, evaluate, negotiate, and execute contracts with substantial automation and modularity. It builds upon the situated courteous logic programs knowledge representation in RuleML, the emerging standard for Semantic Web XML rules. Here, we newly extend the SweetDeal approach by also incorporating process knowledge descriptions whose ontologies are represented in DAML+OIL (the close predecessor of W3C's OWL, the emerging standard for Semantic Web ontologies), thereby enabling more complex contracts with behavioral provisions, especially for handling exception conditions (e.g., late delivery or non-payment) that might arise during the execution of the contract. This provides a foundation for representing and automating deals about services – in particular, about Web Services, so as to help search, select, and compose them. We give a detailed application scenario of late delivery in manufacturing supply chain management (SCM). In doing so, we draw upon our new formalization of process ontol-ogy knowledge from the MIT Process Handbook, a large, previously-existing repository used by practical industrial process designers. Our system is the first to combine emerging Semantic Web standards for knowledge representation of rules (RuleML) with on-tologies (DAML+OIL/OWL) with each other, and moreover for a practical e-business application domain, and further to do so with process knowledge. This also newly fleshes out the evolving concept of Semantic Web Services. A prototype (soon public) is running.
An approach to difficult airway in infants: Comparison of GlideScope® Spectrum LoPro, GlideScope® Spectrum Miller and conventional Macintosh and Miller blades in a simulated Pierre Robin sequence performed by 90 anesthesiologists

Background Airway management can be challenging in neonates and infants. The Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is a condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis and airway obstruction. The airway management of these patients poses great challenges for anesthesiologists and pediatricians alike. To date, there has been no direct comparison of the hyperangulated GlideScope® Spectrum LoPro (GLP), the straight GlideScope® Spectrum Miller (GSM), a conventional Macintosh (MC) and a conventional Miller blade (ML) in patients with PRS. Methods For this purpose, 90 anesthesiologists (43 with limited experience, 47 with extensive experience) performed orotracheal intubation on an Air-Sim® Pierre Robin X manikin using GLP, GSM, MC and ML in randomized order. ‘Time-to-vocal-cords’, ‘time-to-intubate’, ‘time-to-ventilate’, the severity of oral-soft-tissue-trauma and the subjective evaluation of each device were recorded. Results A significantly faster and better view of the vocal cords and lower oral-soft-tissue-trauma was achieved using the GLP (p<0.001). Though, there were no significant differences in the ‘time-to-intubate’ or ‘time-to-ventilate’. The highest intubation success rate was found with GSM and the lowest with GLP (GSM 100%, ML 97.8%, MC 96.7%, GLP 93.3%). When using the videolaryngoscopes, there were no undetected esophageal intubations but in six cases prolonged attempts of intubation (>120s) with the GLP. In the sub-group with extensive experience, we found significantly shorter intubation times for the GSM and ML. The GLP was the tool of choice for most participants, while the conventional MC received the lowest rating. Conclusions Videolaryngoscopy leads to increased safety for the prevention of undetected esophageal intubation in the airway management in a PRS manikin. Hyperangulated blades may ensure a good and fast view of the vocal cords and low oral-soft-tissue-trauma but pose a challenge during the placement of the tube. Specific skills and handling seem to be necessary to ensure a safe tube placement with this sort of blades.
LACTATION

1. In most species oestrogens mainly stimulate mammary duct growth. In the guinea‐pig and goat they promote complete alveolar development. The mouse is the only animal in which treatment with progesterone has been found to promote mammary duct growth. In other species simultaneous treatment with oestrogens and progesterone is necessary for complete alveolar development. It is difficult to say whether or not oestrogens per se can promote alveolar development, because the adrenal cortex produces progesterone.
Dry granular flows: Rheological measurements of the (cid:22) (I) -rheology

2015 9 10 Synopsis 11 Granular materials do not always flow homogeneously like fluids when submitted to external 12 stress, but often form rigid regions that are separated by narrow shear bands where the 13 material yields and flows. This shear localization impacts their apparent rheology, which 14 makes it difficult to infer a constitutive behaviour from conventional rheometric 15 measurements. Moreover, they present a dilatant behaviour, which makes their study in 16 classical fixed-volume geometries difficult. These features led numerous groups to perform 17 extensive studies with inclined plane flows, which were of crucial importance for the 18 development and the validation of the    I  rheology. Our aim is to develop a method to 19 characterize granular materials with rheometrical tools. Using rheometry measurements in an 20 annular shear cell, dense granular flows of 0.5 mm spherical and monodisperse beads are 21 studied. A focus is placed on the comparison between the present results and the 22    I  rheology. From steady state measurements of the torque and the gap under imposed 23 shear rate   and normal force N F , we define an inertial number I . We show that, at low I 24 (small   and/or large N F ), the flow goes to a quasi-static limit, and the response in terms of 25 dimensionless stress or internal friction coefficient –  – and solid concentration –  – 26 profiles is independent of the inertial number. Upon increasing I (large   and/or small N F ), 27 dilation occurs and  decreases while  confining stress  two fraction number . is then made to I  rheology in I  large the of 157 internal  and profiles independent of the inertial
Medication adherence and persistence in type 2 diabetes mellitus: perspectives of patients, physicians and pharmacists on the spanish health care system

Objective: A good relationship between diabetes patients and their health care team is crucial to ensure patients’ medication adherence and self-management. To this end, we aimed to identify and compare the views of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, physicians and pharmacists concerning the factors and strategies that may be associated with, or could improve, medication adherence and persistence. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronic self-administered questionnaire comprising 11 questions (5-point Likert scale) concerning factors and strategies related to medication adherence. The survey was designed for T2DM patients and Spanish National Health System professionals. Results: A total of 963 T2DM patients, 998 physicians and 419 pharmacists participated in the study. Overall, a lower proportion of pharmacists considered the proposed factors associated with medication adherence important as compared to patients and physicians. It should be noted that a higher percentage of physicians in comparison to pharmacists perceived that “complexity of medication” (97% vs 76.6%, respectively) and “adverse events” (97.5% vs 72.2%, respectively) were important medication-related factors affecting adherence. In addition, both patients (80.8%) and physicians (80.8%) agreed on the importance of “cost and co-payment” for adherence, whereas only 48.6% of pharmacists considered this factor important. It is also noteworthy that nearly half of patients (43%) agreed that “to adjust medication to activities of daily living” was the best strategy to reduce therapeutic complexity, whereas physicians believed that “reducing the frequency of administration” (47.9%) followed by “reducing the number of tablets” (28.5%) was the most effective strategy to improve patients’ adherence. Conclusion: Our results highlight the need for pharmacists to build a stronger relationship with physicians in order to improve patients monitoring and adherence rates. Additionally, these findings may help to incorporate greater patient-centeredness when developing management strategies, focusing on adjusting medication regimens to patients’ daily lives.
Experimental infection of Artibeus lituratus bats and no detection of Zika virus in neotropical bats from French Guiana, Peru, and Costa Rica suggests a limited role of bats in Zika transmission

Bats are important natural reservoir hosts of a diverse range of viruses that can be transmitted to humans and have been suggested to play an important role in the Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission cycle. However, the exact role of these animals as reservoirs for flaviviruses is still controversial. To further expand our understanding of the role of bats in the ZIKV transmission cycle in Latin America, we carried out an experimental infection in wild-caught Artibeus lituratus bats and sampled several free-living neotropical bats across three countries of the region. Experimental ZIKV infection was performed in wild-caught adult bats (4 females and 5 males). The most relevant findings were hemorrhages in the bladder, stomach and patagium. Significant histological findings included inflammatory infiltrate consisting of a predominance of neutrophils and lymphocytes, in addition to degeneration in the reproductive tract of males and females. This suggests that bat reproduction might be at some level affected by ZIKV. Leukopenia was also observed in some inoculated animals. Hemorrhages, genital alterations, and leukopenia are suggested to be caused by ZIKV; however, since these were wild-caught bats, we cannot exclude other agents. Detection of ZIKV by qPCR was observed at low concentrations in only two urine samples in two inoculated animals. All other animals and tissues tested were negative. Finally, no virus-neutralizing antibodies were found in any animal. To determine ZIKV infection in nature, the blood of a total of 2056 bats was sampled for ZIKV detection by qPCR. Most of the sampled individuals belonged to the genus Pteronotus sp. (23%), followed by the species Carollia sp. (17%), Anoura sp. (14%), and Molossus sp. (13.7%). No sample of any tested species was positive for ZIKV by qPCR. These results together suggest that bats are not efficient amplifiers or reservoirs of ZIKV and may not have an important role in ZIKV transmission dynamics.
Signal and noise in regime systems: A hypothesis on the predictability of the North Atlantic Oscillation

Studies conducted by the UK Met Office reported significant skill in predicting the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index with their seasonal prediction system. At the same time, a very low signal‐to‐noise ratio was observed, as measured using the “ratio of predictable components” (RPC) metric. We analyse both the skill and signal‐to‐noise ratio using a new statistical toy model, which assumes NAO predictability is driven by regime dynamics. It is shown that if the system is approximately bimodal in nature, with the model consistently underestimating the level of regime persistence each season, then both the high skill and high RPC value of the Met Office hindcasts can easily be reproduced. Underestimation of regime persistence could be attributable to any number of sources of model error, including imperfect regime structure or errors in the propagation of teleconnections. In particular, a high RPC value for a seasonal mean prediction may be expected even if the model's internal level of noise is realistic.
A two-dimensional statistical framework connecting thermodynamic profiles with filaments in the scrape off layer and application to experiments

A statistical framework was introduced in Militello and Omotani [Nucl. Fusion 56, 104004 (2016)] to correlate the dynamics and statistics of L-mode and inter-ELM plasma filaments with the radial profiles of thermodynamic quantities they generate in the Scrape Off Layer. This paper extends the framework to cases in which the filaments are emitted from the separatrix at different toroidal positions and with a finite toroidal velocity. It is found that the toroidal velocity does not affect the profiles, while the toroidal distribution of filament emission renormalises the waiting time between two events. Experimental data collected by visual camera imaging are used to evaluate the statistics of the fluctuations, to inform the choice of the probability distribution functions used in the application of the framework. It is found that the toroidal separation of the filaments is exponentially distributed, thus suggesting the lack of a toroidal modal structure. Finally, using these measurements, the framework is applied to an experimental case and good agreement is found.A statistical framework was introduced in Militello and Omotani [Nucl. Fusion 56, 104004 (2016)] to correlate the dynamics and statistics of L-mode and inter-ELM plasma filaments with the radial profiles of thermodynamic quantities they generate in the Scrape Off Layer. This paper extends the framework to cases in which the filaments are emitted from the separatrix at different toroidal positions and with a finite toroidal velocity. It is found that the toroidal velocity does not affect the profiles, while the toroidal distribution of filament emission renormalises the waiting time between two events. Experimental data collected by visual camera imaging are used to evaluate the statistics of the fluctuations, to inform the choice of the probability distribution functions used in the application of the framework. It is found that the toroidal separation of the filaments is exponentially distributed, thus suggesting the lack of a toroidal modal structure. Finally, using these measurements, the framework is .
Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults

As individuals age, they may experience a decline in gait automaticity, which requires increased attentional resources for the control of gait. This age-related decline in gait automaticity has been shown to contribute to higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and lower dual-task performance during dual-task walking in older adults. This study is to investigate the effect of treadmill walking on PFC activation and dual-task performance in older adults. A total of 20 older adults (mean age, 64.35 ± 2.74 years) and 20 younger adults (mean age, 30.00 ± 3.15 years) performed single- and dual-task walking in overground and treadmill conditions. A wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy and gait analyzer were used to analyze PFC activation and dual-task performance, respectively. To determine the dual-task (gait and cognitive) performance, the dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated using the following formula: (single-task − dual-task)/single-task × 100. In both groups, dual-task treadmill walking led to reduced PFC activation and reduced DTC compared to dual-task overground walking. Furthermore, despite a higher DTC in gait variability, correct response, total response, response index and a higher error score in older adults than in younger adults during overground walking, there was no difference in treadmill walking. The difference in PFC activation between single- and dual-tasks was also observed only in overground walking. Performing dual-task walking on a treadmill compared to overground walking results in different levels of dual-task performance and PFC activity. Specifically, older adults are able to maintain similar levels of dual-task performance as younger adults while walking on a treadmill, with reduced PFC activation due to the automaticity induced by the treadmill. Therefore, older adults who exhibit low dual-task performance during overground walking may be able to improve their performance while walking on a treadmill with fewer attentional resources.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Penataan Arsip Berbasis Web di Kelurahan Panjang Jiwo

Di era otonomi daerah, dengan perkembangan teknologi yang begitu pesat belakangan ini, di satu sisi mempunyai dampak positif terhadap kelancaran dan kemudahan dalam melaksanakan berbagai kegiatannya. Tetapi, di sisi lain, perkembangan ini juga menimbulkan dampak negatif, khususnya di bidang kearsipan yang perlu segera diantisipasi. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah minimnya tingkat keterampilan aparatur kelurahan dengan tuntutan masyarakat yang lebih dinamis serta sistem pengelolaan arsip yang masih bersifat konvensional dan manual. Observasi pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan di Kantor Kelurahan Panjang Jiwo. Kelurahan Panjang Jiwo, Kecamatan Tenggilis Mejoyo, Kota Surabaya, Provinsi Jawa Timur yang memiliki luas wilayah 126.570 ha dengan 43 RT dan 8 RW dan jumlah penduduk 14.346 jiwa. Alamat lengkap Kelurahan Panjang Jiwo berada di Jalan Sarono Jiwo No. 41, Surabaya. Berkaitan dengan masalah tersebut, program pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan, khususnya di Kelurahan Panjang Jiwo dengan memberikan bantuan aplikasi pengelolaan administrasi dan sistem kearsipan berbasis web. Tujuan pelaksanaan program ini yang diharapkan adalah tertatanya pengelolaan administrasi yang telah berbasis web, bermanfaatnya kegiatan bagi aparatur kelurahan, serta bertambahnya khazanah dalam bidang manajemen kearsipan yang berupa peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kepada masyarakat.
A potential reduction method for tensor complementarity problems

As an extension of linear complementary problem, tensor complementary problem has been effectively applied in \begin{document}$ n $\end{document} -person noncooperative game. And a multitude of researchers have focused on its properties and theories, while the valid algorithms for tensor complementary problem is still deficient. In this paper, stimulated by the potential reduction method for linear complementarity problem, we present a new algorithm for the tensor complementarity problem, which combines the idea of damped Newton method and the interior point method. Utilizing the new algorithm, we settle the tensor complementary problem with the underlying tensor being diagonalizable and positive definite. Furthermore, the global convergence of the iterative scheme is theoretically guaranteed and the given preliminary numerical experiments indicate the efficiency of the method.
The Ermakov equation: A commentary

We present a short history of the Ermakov equation with an emphasis on its discovery by thewest and the subsequent boost to research into invariants for nonlinear systems although recognizing some of the significant developments in the east. We present the modern context of the Ermakov equation in the algebraic and singularity theory of ordinary differential equations and applications to more divers fields. The reader is referred to the previous article (Appl. Anal. Discrete math., 2 (2008), 123-145) for an english translation of Ermakov's original paper.
Investigating atmospheric predictability on Mars using breeding vectors in a general‐circulation model

A breeding vectors approach is used to investigate the hypothesis that the Martian atmosphere is predictable at certain times of year, by identifying the fastest‐growing modes of instability at different times in a Mars general‐circulation model. Results indicate that the period from northern mid‐spring until mid‐autumn is remarkably predictable, with negative global growth rates for a range of conditions, in contrast to the situation on the earth.