Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Understanding of the Kinetics and Mechanism of Fluoride Removal over a Potent Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Surface

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was successfully synthesized from egg shells, a low cost and easily available biodegradable waste, by the precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The surface area of HAp was found to be 144 m2/g with a crystalline size of 9–99 nm from the BET and XRD data. The maximum fluoride removal efficiency within 1 h using 0.3 g of the synthesized adsorbent at pH 6 was 95%. The adsorption of fluoride followed second-order kinetics, indicating that chemisorptions are the rate-limiting step. The experimental data were well fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, validating both monolayer and multilayer sorption during the fluoride adsorption onto the porous HAp. The positive adsorption of F– ions at the HAp interface can be attributed to ion exchange/ion pairing and H-bonding below the pHpzc of HAp (pHpzc = 8), and the negative adsorption can be attributed to the electrostatic repulsion between O– and F– ions at alkaline pH. Both physical and chemical adsorption phenomena were also evidenced from the molecular parking area data. The results of a batch experiment show that the HAp synthesized from egg shells can be used as an effective, low-cost adsorbent for fluoride removal from a contaminated aqueous solution as well as groundwater compared to other adsorbents.
Human displacement and social recognition: the working conditions and relations of refugees and displaced people in Brazil

Abstract This research analyzes the process of inclusion and social recognition of migrants in a Brazilian city. The study presents a report of the demands from migrants in the context of a host project carried out at a Brazilian public university regarding their insertion in the world of work and in Brazilian higher education, highlighting their difficulties and expressions of suffering. Documentary research was used based on the analysis of qualitative data collected from about 300 interviews and over 1000 individual and group psychosocial consultations carried out with migrants in the city of Curitiba-PR. As a theoretical framework we adopted the category of “social recognition” proposed by Nancy Fraser (2008a) based on the debate with Axel Honneth (2009), and inspired by the category “struggle for recognition,” by Hegel (2008). Results point to the precarious inclusion of migrants in the labor market, with evident social injustice and psychological suffering.
Sustainability in CSR Messages on Social Media: How Emotional Framing and Efficacy Affect Emotional Response, Memory and Persuasion

ABSTRACT The present study explores how companies use social media messages to communicate about the dangers of plastic pollution. Drawing from the emotions-as-frames model and the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing (LC4MP), this experiment identifies the effects of two message features (emotional frames: fear/hope, efficacy: low/high) in Instagram posts about plastic pollution. The discrete emotions hope, fear, and anger were analyzed as indicators of message processing, mediating the effects of messages features on memory, plastic pollution attitudes, political participation intentions, and social media intentions. Results of a path analysis show that fear-framed messages increased fear and anger, and high-efficacy information increased hope while reducing anger. In turn, anger increased all three persuasion outcomes, while hope and fear increased only behavioral intentions, not attitudes. Political ideology significantly moderated the model. The paper discusses implications for integrating discrete emotions into the LC4MP, as well as practical implications for corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability communicators.
Toward a Universal Definition of Child Sexual Grooming

ABSTRACT It is estimated that 30–45% of child sexual abusers use sexual grooming tactics. While sexual grooming is considered integral to the child sexual abuse process, there has yet to be a universally accepted definition of the construct that condenses and summarizes this complex process. Based upon a thorough evaluation and critique of prior definitions and research on a content validated model of sexual grooming, a new operational definition of sexual grooming is proposed. An easily understood and applied definition of sexual grooming is needed for measurement of the construct. Further, having a common language to describe sexual grooming is necessary for research, communication, detection, prevention, and intervention of child sexual abuse.
Designing of Poly(l-lactide)–Nicotine Conjugates: Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies and Thermal Release Behavior of Nicotine

The current work focuses on the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of l-lactide (LLA) using N-heterocyclic functionalized molecules as an initiator for the synthesis of metal-free poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) conjugates. With this motivation, we have used a drug molecule, nicotine, having N-heterocyclic functionality as the initiator for the synthesis of PLLA conjugates. Structural characterizations carried out using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and NMR establish the reacting species during polymerization in the absence of any side reactions. However, side reactions occurred because of the absence of steric hindrance when polymerization is initiated using nicotine in the presence of benzyl alcohol. Accordingly, we report here a detailed investigation on the mechanism of nicotine as an initiator and propose an anionic-based mechanism for the ROP of LLA. Studies on the kinetics parameters have been performed for the nicotine-initiated ROP of LLA and have found that polymerization proceeds with a first-order dependence on both the monomer and initiator concentrations with a low activation energy of 4.9 kcal·mol–1. Further, thermal release studies performed by hyphenated thermogravimetric–Fourier transform infrared analysis found that nicotine is released along with reduced toxins from these synthesized PLLA–nicotine conjugates. Thus, these PLLA–nicotine conjugates can in turn open up a new era in tobacco industries for the preparation of synthetic cigarettes and also in biomedical applications for drug delivery purposes. Herein, a few preliminary experiments using another drug molecule, nicorandil, having similar N-heterocyclic functionality were also conducted to support the role of nicotine as an initiator for the synthesis of PLLA conjugates.
Yield and nutritional requirements of cassava in response to potassium fertilizer in the second cycle

ABSTRACT Potassium (K) is one of the most absorbed nutrients by cassava because it acts on the synthesis and starch accumulation in the storage roots. Here, we show that K application at the beginning of the second vegetative cycle of cassava submitted to shoot pruning increased the yield of roots and starch, and the nutrient demand of plants. Application of 45–89 kg ha−1 dipotassium oxide (K2O) in the second cycle increased the yield of storage roots and starch from 36–49% and K applied at this time had a greater effect on the synthesis and allocation of starch in the storage roots. K supply increased the accumulation of N and S by 2.0- to 3.0-fold and the accumulation of other nutrients by 1.4- to 1.7-fold. The removal of phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) by storage roots was not affected by K application, whereas the removal of other nutrients increased by 1.3- to 4.3-fold.
Physical modelling of tsunami barrier and debris interaction

Tsunami events can cause vast damage to infrastructure and human lives. A self-lifting membrane barrier was proposed to limit impacts of tsunami inundation during an event while allowing permanent access to the sea. Many aspects of this novel barrier concept have not been studied yet, including its performance under debris impact. In this context, this study investigates the interaction between a self-lifting membrane barrier and tsunami-induced debris transport. Laboratory experiments in a wave flume were carried out, in which 20 ft shipping-container models were propagated by tsunami-like waves into a model membrane barrier. Varying hydrodynamic boundary conditions and amount of debris were used to study different magnitudes of surge and debris loading. The tests showed that an increased amount of debris led to decreased surge propagation upstream the barrier. Formation of a temporally stable debris dam was prevented by the dynamic character of the barrier-debris-interaction. In total, 90% of debris transport further in land was obstructed in presence of the studied membrane barrier. The self-lifting membrane barrier retains functionality under debris-loaded surge impact.
Commonly administered physiotherapy techniques in thoracic surgery clinics in Turkey

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the physiotherapy techniques in the thoracic surgery clinic in Turkey.Materials and Methods: The data of this research was obtained through the online questionnaire created by the authors. Thequestions in the questionnaire were created by the researcher in parallel with the literature (14 questions). In the questionnaire,descriptive information was asked using multiple-choice question types about chest surgery clinics and applied physiotherapy. Achest surgeon from each participating clinic was asked to respond to the questionnaire.Results: A total of 62 clinics participated in the study. The mean number of monthly operations of these clinics is 0-20 in 51.6%, 21-40in 19.4%, and 41-60 in 19.4%. 64.5% of the clinics participating in the study perform regular physiotherapy practices to their patients.The clinics that applied pulmonary rehabilitation to their patients, 65% of them additionally performed pulmonary rehabilitation in thepreoperative period. The most common applications were early mobilization, airway cleaning techniques, deep breathing exercises,assisted coughing, humidification of the airway, incentive spirometer exercises, forced expiration, and exercise practices. 53.3% ofthe clinics where routine physiotherapy was administered benefited from assistive devices for pulmonary rehabilitation.Conclusion: Although physiotherapy practices are performed in the thoracic surgery clinic in Turkey, they are not at the desired level.Preoperatively pulmonary rehabilitation practice in thoracic surgery is even rarer. Moreover, the content of pulmonary rehabilitationprograms is not standard. The prevalence of evidence-based physiotherapy applications should be increased in thoracic surgeryclinics.
‘Siento que el inglés esta tumbando mi español’: A transfronteriza child’s embodied critical language awareness

ABSTRACT For many minoritized communities, sustaining or at least holding on to their home language and cultural identity has been a constant uphill battle. Nevertheless, Latina/o/x who speak Spanish, for example, have demonstrated to be linguistically and culturally resilient against hegemonic societal, institutional, political, and monolithic national ideologies. This article explores a single case study of a Latina transfronteriza child’s embodied critical language awareness. Merging Critical Language Awareness and Chicana Feminist Theory, the findings demonstrate how a Latina child makes sense of linguistic hierarchies, language loss, and how she challenges deficit perspectives imposed on her home language by relying on her senses and feelings. The article concludes by offering ways to understand and support critical language awareness with Latina/o/x students that stems from knowledge rooted in the brown body and their lived experience.
Chloroplast Genome of Phyllanthus Emblica and Leptopus Cordifolius: Comparative Analysis and Phylogenetic within Family Phyllanthaceae

Family Phyllanthaceae is one of the largest segregates of the eudicot order Malpighiales and its species are herb, shrub, and tree, which are mostly distributed in tropical regions. Certain taxonomic discrepancies exist at genus and family level. Here, we report chloroplast genomes of three Phyllanthaceae species—Phyllanthus emblica, Flueggea virosa, and Leptopus cordifolius— and compare them with six others previously reported Phyllanthaceae chloroplast genomes. The species of Phyllanthaceae displayed quadripartite structure, comprising inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) that separate large single copy (LSC) and small single copy (SSC) regions. The length of complete chloroplast genome ranged from 154,707 bp to 161,093 bp; LSC from 83,627 bp to 89,932 bp; IRs from 23,921 bp to 27,128 bp; and SSC from 17,424 bp to 19,441 bp. Chloroplast genomes contained 111 to 112 unique genes, including 77 to 78 protein-coding, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA), and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) that showed similarities in arrangement. The number of protein-coding genes varied due to deletion/pseudogenization of rps16 genes in Baccaurea ramiflora and Leptopus cordifolius. High variability was seen in number of oligonucleotide repeats while analysis of guanine-cytosine (GC) content, codon usage, amino acid frequency, simple sequence repeats analysis, synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions, and transition and transversion substitutions showed similarities in all Phyllanthaceae species. We detected a higher number of transition substitutions in the coding sequences than non-coding sequences. Moreover, the high number of transition substitutions was determined among the distantly related species in comparison to closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis shows the polyphyletic nature of the genus Phyllanthus which requires further verification. We also determined suitable polymorphic coding genes, including rpl22, ycf1, matK, ndhF, and rps15 which may be helpful for the reconstruction of the high-resolution phylogenetic tree of the family Phyllanthaceae using a large number of species in the future. Overall, the current study provides insight into chloroplast genome evolution in Phyllanthaceae.
Reported Behavioural Patterns of Electricity Use among Low-Income Households in Makhanda, South Africa

Households consume up to 20% of overall electricity consumption globally; hence, they are important role players in efforts towards promoting sustainable consumption. Research on electricity use behaviour is important for informing intervention strategies; however, relative to developed countries, research on this subject is lacking in developing countries where electricity access is limited. In South Africa, electricity use behaviour among poor neighbourhoods remains little studied and understood. This study was carried out among low-income households in Makhanda, South Africa, characterised by high poverty and unemployment rates, low education levels, and limited access to basic services. Using a self-reporting approach, electricity use behaviour of low-income households was assessed against a list of common household electricity use actions. A survey of 297 households was conducted. The findings show mixed results, with households reporting both good electricity use behaviour (e.g., cooling down hot food before refrigeration and using washing machines on full load) and wasteful actions (e.g., leaving appliances on standby). Our results show that electricity use behaviour was influenced by socio-psychological values including universalism, benevolence, hedonism, and power. Some of the reported electricity behavioural patterns are consistent with those previously reported among high-income households. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Comparison of d-aspartic acid contents in alpha A-crystallin from normal and age-matched cataractous human lenses.

We have previously shown that biologically uncommon d-beta-aspartic acids (Asp) were localized with very high contents at Asp-151 and Asp-58 of alpha A-crystallin from aged human lenses. The amounts increased with age, and we have proposed the mechanism of this reaction. In the present study, in order to elucidate the possible relationship between the formation of d-beta-aspartic acids in alpha A-crystallin and cataract formation, we measured the d/l ratio of beta-Asp-151 of alpha A-crystallin from both cataractous and age-matched normal human lenses. alpha A-crystallin from total proteins of cataractous and age-matched normal lenses was prepared, followed by tryptic digestion and quantification of d/l ratios for tryptic fragments containing the alpha- and beta-aspartate forms of Asp-151 residues. The results demonstrate that the d/l ratio of beta-Asp-151 of alpha A-crystallin from normal lenses is not statistically significant from that of alpha A-crystallin from cataractous lenses, suggesting that formation of this biologically uncommon amino acid may not play a role in human cataractogenesis.
ANALISIS KADAR TIMBAL (Pb), SENG (Zn) DAN TEMBAGA (Cu) PADA IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos Forsk.) YANG BERASAL DARI LABBAKKANG KAB. PANGKEP SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM (SSA)

The research was done to analysis of amount lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) at milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsk.) from Labbakkang Pangkep by Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometry (AAS). Before to be analised, first to do destruction of milkfish ( Chanos chanos Forsk.) later on HNO 3 . Quantitative analysis used atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry (AAS) at wave length of 283,3 nm for lead (Pb), 213,9 nm for zinc (Zn) and 324,8 nm for copper (Cu). Result of research find average rates of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) from Labbakkang Pangkep is 0,0392 mg/kg and 0,0882 mg/kg. From result of research to showing that average rates Pb and Cu in the location, it is not over from still limit and according to Dirjen POM regulation. Key word : analysis of amount, lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), milkfish, atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry (AAS).
Pathway dependent isotope fractionation in triazine degradation

Degradation processes of the herbicide atrazine in the environment are often underestimated with common used methods. Thus, in this dissertation, a new method was developed to detect carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation associated with biodegradation of atrazine. This work describes development and validation of compound specific isotope analysis by GC-IRMS for atrazine. Subsequently, in lab experiments carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation patterns were detected associated with biotic hydrolysis and biotic oxidation of atrazine. According to this, results demonstrate that this alternative analytical approach provides even the possibilty to differentiate between these two degradation pathways of atrazine. Moreover, observed isotope fractionation give for the first time mechanistic insights into the enzymatic catalyzed transformation processes of atrazine. Thus this approach can be used in future as an alternative way to determine and differentiate natural degradation processes of atrazine without the need of metabolite analysis.
Supply Chain and Logistics of Fish: A Case Study of Jamalpur District Markets in Bangladesh

Fishery sector plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of Bangladesh. In the fish economy of Bangladesh, one of the most flourishing traffic activities is fish marketing. This study was aimed to investigate the fish species availability, supply chain, quality loss, price behavior and constrains associated with fish marketing in order to provide better suggestion for efficient fish marketing in Jamalpur district of Bangladesh. Data were collected form Sadar upazila markets by using a structured interview schedule, focus group discussions (FGD) and key informant interviews (KII) with the stakeholders involved in supplying fish from farm to fork, such as- aratdars, retailers, and consumers during 2020-21. A total 78 fish species were found (72 Fresh water and 2 Marine water), among them 20 frequently, 17 less amount, 25 occasionally, and 16 species were rarely available in the market. It was estimated that 72% fish species were sourced from culture fishery whereas 28% were from capture fishery. About 91.5% fishes in Jamalpur markets were supplied locally, whereas rests were from other districts. The post-harvest quality losses of fish in the sampled markets were assessed which indicate that small indigenous species (SIS) spoiled quicker than medium to large sizes fishes due to different factors. The price behavior of the fish market influenced by the demand of the fish species, quality, size, catching sources (culture fishery or capture fishery) and the purchasing time (beginning, middle or last time of market). The study found positive correlation between the market price and fish quality. Several problems of fish market were identified resulting consumer dissatisfaction and financial losses for fish traders. Considering the importance of fish market to the economy, this study suggested to take necessary steps for establishing modern fish market to ensure the adequate quality maintenance of fish with efficient marketing.
Micro-Geographies of Information and Communication Technology Firms in a Shrinking Medium-Sized Industrial City of Ostrava (Czechia)

We aimed to explain the spatial distribution of information and communication technology (ICT) firms in the city of Ostrava as an example of a medium-sized, shrinking, polycentric industrial city. The primary research question was to what extent micro-geographic location factors affect the current spatial clustering of ICT firms in polycentric cities characteristic by relatively weak urbanization economies and mostly routine character of ICT activities. We analyse and test the effects of the urban form at the level of urban blocks and individual buildings (considering their height, technical condition, age and dominant function) on the clustering of ICT firms of various sizes and ownership statuses. The inquiry was based on a detailed field mapping (using ArcGIS Collector) of ICT firms and physical/functional characteristics of the buildings and their immediate surroundings. ICT firms are significantly spatially concentrated in the historic city centre and inner city. Spatial patterns of ICT firms focused on less knowledge-intensive, routine and/or lower value-added functions do not differ fundamentally from innovative firms developing new products. Preference of denser, walkable, mixed-use neighbourhoods in urban cores/inner cities can be found in the group of firms focusing on routine functions: rather for larger than for smaller firms and domestic than foreign-owned firms.
Effects of insect herbivory on seedling mortality in restored and remnant tropical forest

Insect herbivory is one of the major drivers of seedling mortality in the tropics and influences plant abundances and community composition. Anthropogenic disturbance can alter patterns of insect herbivory with potential consequences on plant communities in restored forests. We planted seedlings of early‐ and later‐stage successional tree species in 13–15‐year‐old restored and remnant tropical forests. We then either excluded insect herbivores or left seedlings exposed to examine how insect herbivory‐affected seedling mortality. Early‐successional seedlings experienced similar decreases in mortality when insect herbivores were excluded from both restored and remnant forest sites, but this effect was smaller and driven by only a few species in restored forests. Later‐successional seedlings experienced a stronger decrease in mortality between open and insect‐excluded treatments in remnant than restored sites. Our results suggest that herbivory‐driven seedling mortality is lower in restored forests, particularly for later‐successional seedlings. Results are encouraging from a restoration perspective because recruitment of later‐successional seedlings is a key component of ecosystem recovery. However, if reductions in seedling mortality continue over the long term, this may affect tree community composition as succession progresses.