Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online Multi-Parameter Observation of IPM Machine With Reconstructed Nonlinear Small-Signal Model Based on Dual EKF

Flux nonlinearity due to cross-coupling saturation is critical for interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine control. To obtain accurate parameters in real-time, this article proposes a novel reconstructed nonlinear small-signal model which simplifies the observability analysis and design of the observer. Compared with traditional methods, the observability of the reconstructed small-signal model shows that all resistance and inductance parameters are observable under entire operation region. The flux cross-coupling saturation is also well considered. A dual-extended-Kalman-filter based observer for the reconstructed model is introduced to achieve fast parameters convergence. The effectiveness of the proposed observer is experimentally evaluated with a 60 kW IPM machine and verified by finite-element analysis.
Proportional reasoning: The effect of two context variables, rate type, and problem setting

This study investigated the effects of two context variables, ratio type and problem setting, on the performance of seventh-grade students on a qualitative and numerical proportional reasoning test. Six forms of the qualitative and numerical tests were designed, each form using a single context (one of two settings for each of three ratio types). Different ratio types appear to have a stronger impact on the difficulty of the qualitative and numerical proportional reasoning problems than small differences in problem setting. However, the familiarity of problem setting did show an increasingly large effect on qualitative reasoning as the difficulty of ratio type increased. We also investigated the nature of the relationships between rational number skills, qualitative reasoning about ratios, and numerical proportional reasoning. Qualitative reasoning appears to be sufficient, but not necessary for numerical proportional reasoning. The evidence for the requisite nature of rational number skills for proportional reasoning was equivocal. The implications of these findings for science education are discussed.
Nonaxisymmetric Instabilities of a Toroidal Magnetic Field in a Rotating Sphere

It has been suggested that nonaxisymmetric instabilities of an axisymmetric toroidal magnetic field, independent of the existence of convective turbulence, provide an important dynamo effect for stars when the convective turbulence is largely suppressed by the magnetic field. We investigate analytically such three-dimensional magnetic instabilities arising from a purely toroidal magnetic field whose strength is proportional to distance from the rotation axis of a star. A three-dimensional perturbation approach is used in our stability analysis. The leading-order problem neglects dissipative effects and describes two- or three-dimensional hydromagnetic waves in spherical geometry. For the first time we are able to obtain general explicit solutions for the problem. Interesting properties of the hydromagnetic waves are revealed by the explicit solutions. We investigate the effect of ohmic dissipation on the stability of the toroidal magnetic field by first deriving the magnetic boundary layer solution and then matching it onto the interior leading-order solution. Furthermore, for the first time we are able to derive an explicit analytic expression for the growth rate of the magnetic instabilities. We find that the most unstable mode of the instabilities is always three-dimensional and characterized by small radial and latitudinal scales. Implications of these magnetic instabilities for the solar dynamo are discussed.
The Superiority of Simple Alternatives to Regression for Social Science Predictions

Some simple, nonoptimized coefficients (e.g., correlation weights, equal weights) were pitted against regression in extensive prediction competitions. After drawing calibration samples from large supersets of real and synthetic data, the researchers observed which set of sample-derived coefficients made the best predictions when applied back to the superset. When adjusted R from the calibration sample was < . 6, correlation weights were typically superior to regression coefficients, even if the sample contained 100 observations per predictor; unit weights were likewise superior to all methods if adjusted R was < . 4. Correlation weights were generally the best method. It was concluded that regression is rarely useful for prediction in most social science contexts.
The Metaphenome of a Calaminiferous Soil

The aim of the present research was to determine the metaphenome (the expressed microbial functions) of a calaminiferous soil mostly contaminated with Zn and Pb. For that, three ’ omics approaches were combined using soil samples: shotgun metagenomics (MG), metatranscriptomics (MT) and shotgun metaproteomics (MP). Results show that several indexes of bacterial diversity were significantly reduced. The soil was dominated by Acid-obacteria, Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadetes. Although many of the species were not identified, the mean percentages of reads for Candidatus_ Solibacter , Bryobacter, Rhodomicrobium and Niastella were significantly more elevated in the contaminated soil when compared to a control soil. For functionality, the identified proteins were classified in 28 functional SEED categories. The MG approach detected many genes that may be used to degrade various types of organic materials, among which chitin, N-acetylglucosamine, cellulose and glycogen. This suggests that the important carbon cycle functions of the heterotrophic communities are maintained in the soil. For metal resistance, the most abundant proteins were P-type ATPases efflux systems.
Omnidirectional and compact guided light extraction from Archimedean photonic lattices

We address the issue of extracting light from a waveguide towards air in a compact way for randomly oriented guided waves. The goal is to enhance the extraction efficiency of light-emitting diodes while retaining planar processing. For incidence-angle-independent extraction, preferred lattice designs appear to possess a ring-shaped Fourier transform. We demonstrate this property for an Archimedean lattice. This system is the outer part of a resonant-cavity light-emitting diode. Data suggest that ∼40% extraction efficiency is at hand in a planar top-emitting device retaining its substrate.
Sex differences in treatment and outcomes amongst myocardial infarction patients presenting with and without obstructive coronary arteries: a prospective multicentre study

Abstract Aims Women have an increased prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). Whether sex differences exist in the outcomes of patients with MI and obstructive coronary arteries (MIOCA) vs. MINOCA remains unclear. We describe sex-based differences in diagnosis, treatment, and clinical outcomes of patients with MINOCA vs. MIOCA. Methods and results A large-scale cohort study of patients with ST/non-ST elevation MI undergoing coronary angiography (01/2015–12/2019). Patient demographics, diagnosis, prescribed discharge medications, in-hospital complications, and follow-up data were prospectively collected. A total of 13 202 participants were included (males 68.2% and females 31.8%). 10.9% were diagnosed with MINOCA. Median follow-up was 4.62 years. Females (44.8%) were as commonly diagnosed with MINOCA as males (55.2%), unlike the male preponderance in MIOCA (male, 69.8%; female, 30.2%). Less secondary prevention medications were prescribed at discharge for MINOCA than MIOCA. There was no difference in mortality risk between MINOCA and MIOCA [in-hospital: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74–2.35, P = 0.350; long term: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.03, 95% CI 0.81–1.31, P = 0.813]. MINOCA patients had reduced mortality at long-term follow-up if prescribed secondary prevention medications (aHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47–0.87, P = 0.004). Females diagnosed with MIOCA had greater odds of in-hospital and 1-year mortality than males (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.09–2.07, P = 0.014; aHR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.38, P = 0.048). Conclusion MINOCA patients have similar mortality rates as MIOCA patients. MINOCA patients were less likely than those with MIOCA to be discharged with guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy; however, those with MINOCA who received secondary prevention survived longer. Females with MIOCA experienced higher mortality rates vs. males.
A Bayesian theory of measurement uncertainty

The theory of measurement uncertainty outlined forms the mathematical foundation of the results of international discussions of many years. In contrast to the usual approaches in the literature, it is based entirely on Bayesian statistics and on the principle of maximum entropy. Individual and mutual uncertainties of measurement results are expressed and treated by a covariance matrix in conformity with international recommendations. The theory is universally applicable to most measurement data evaluation tasks including complex nonlinear adjustments and, in particular, in cases where the well-established least-squares or maximum-likelihood techniques fail, as in strongly underdetermined few-channel particle energy spectrum unfolding problems.
Magnetization and Raman scattering studies of (Co,Mn) codoped ZnO nanoparticles

Single-phase (Co,Mn) codoped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by an autocombustion method. Hysteresis loop was observed at 300 K for the sample Zn0.98Co0. 01Mn0.01O with a low coercivity (40±5 Oe). Temperature dependence of magnetization rules out the possibility of superparamagnetism or spin-glass behavior. Raman scattering studies manifested that there might exist a defect annihilation arising from the (Co,Mn) codoped into ZnO host lattice. As the ferromagnetism of diluted magnetic semiconductors is closely related to the dopant-defect hybridization, the ferromagnetic ordering was significantly enhanced in the sample Zn0.98Co0. 01Mn0.01O by the (Co,Mn) codoping, in comparison to the Zn0.99Co0. 01O and Zn0.99Mn0. 01O fabricated by the same method.
‘It’s a few weeks I’ll cherish forever’: Transformative curriculum-specific learning, language awareness and cultural literacy development for Australian students in Vietnam through New Colombo Plan mobility programs

Despite a range of internationalisation efforts at the government and institutional levels, Vietnam remains on the periphery of the existing scholarship on international education, especially inbound mobility. Drawing on interviews with 38 participants, this article provides insights into how Australian students arrive at a comparative, international perspective in their field of study and develop Vietnamese cultural literacy during their short-term mobility to Vietnam. The study also brings to the fore the hindrances, in particular language barrier, facing Australian students in mobility programs. The article points out how the New Colombo Plan can play an important role in raising the awareness of the value of learning an Asian language like Vietnamese and enriching Vietnamese cultural literacy among young Australians. It concludes with practical recommendations for incorporating the development of regional languages and cultural literacy in learning abroad programs.
Electrical activity of interfacial paramagnetic defects in thermal (100) Si/SiO2

The correlation between the detrimental electrically active interface traps and the electron-spin-resonance-active point defects ${P}_{b0}$ and ${P}_{b1}$ (unpaired Si orbitals) was studied through controlled variation, both relatively and absolutely, of the defect bath densities. Unlike previous inference, no electrical activity of ${P}_{b1}$ as an interface state could be traced, thus questioning its relevance for device fabrication, while all ${P}_{b0}$'s appear active. A fundamental reason is inferred as to why the (100) Si surface dominates device fabrication.
Virtual Flux Direct Power Control for Vienna Rectifier Under Unbalanced Grid

The Vienna rectifier is being broadly utilized in many industrial applications, which makes it essential to address its challenges. This article conducts the virtual flux-based direct power control and proposes an improved switching table for the Vienna rectifier under a balanced or unbalanced grid's voltage. Accordingly, the proposed method improves the THD of the three-phase input current when the grid voltage is unbalanced. Moreover, employing the virtual flux concept eliminates the use of three-phase input voltage. This results in reducing the cost of the converter. One of the challenges in the Vienna rectifier is to consider the current direction of the control design. Accordingly, the proposed switching table is designed based on the input current's sector. Furthermore, the positive and negative sequences of the input currents and virtual flux are utilized to correctly estimate the instantaneous input active and reactive power under the unbalanced grid voltage condition. Moreover, the proposed method can balance the output capacitors in balanced and unbalanced grid voltage conditions. This method possesses a high dynamic response due to hysteresis bands. Finally, a 430-W laboratory prototype of the Vienna rectifier is implemented, and the accuracy of the proposed VFDPC is verified through the experimental results.
The Dual Effect of Participation Level on Consumer Participation in Participatory CSR: The Role of CSR Fit and Social Support

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) provides companies with two benefits: creating social value and strengthening consumer relationships. Companies implement various types of CSR to maximize the positive effects of CSR, participatory CSR being one of these types. However, although the number of companies using participatory CSR in practice is increasing, academic interest in the effectiveness of participatory CSR has been insufficient. In particular, prior studies on the consumer perception of the participation level presented in participatory CSR do not show clear results. This study examines the influence of the participation level based on CSR fit and social support. The results of this study indicate that when there is a high CSR fit, consumers perceive the participation level as a benefit. However, when the CSR fit is low, consumers perceive the participation level as a cost. Additionally, the results show that the interactive effect of the participation level and CSR fit occurs only when there is less social support. When there is strong social support, consumers perceive the participation level as a benefit regardless of the CSR fit. Finally, the academic and practical implications of the results of this study are presented.
A Multidisciplinary Quality Improvement Program to Improve Diabetes Care at a Free Clinic

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive, multidisciplinary patient-centered approach involving a pharmacist and a dietician in a population of uninsured free clinic patients with diabetes and hypertension. Methods: A single-center retrospective chart review of a quality improvement project. All patients had diagnoses of diabetes and hypertension and a most recent hemoglobin A1c ≥ 9.0%. Patients met individually with a pharmacist and a dietician during 6 encounters over 12 months. The pharmacist made medication changes, encouraged lifestyle reflections, and helped patients create and track self-management goals. The dietician helped patients plan strategies for diet and exercise. The primary outcome was a change in mean hemoglobin A1c. Results: Of 30 enrolled patients, 17 completed three months of treatment, and seven completed 12 months. The 17 patients who completed three months of treatment had the following characteristics: mean age 55.5 years; mean hemoglobin A1c 11.5%; 82% were taking two or more antidiabetic medications; 59% were taking two or more antihypertensive medications. Significant reductions in mean hemoglobin A1c values were observed at three months (-3.4%, P<0.0001) and twelve months (-4.0%, P=0.0156). Reductions in systolic blood pressure were also observed at three months (-6 mmHg, P=0.1060) and twelve months (-17 mmHg, P=0.2188). Conclusions: Large and significant hemoglobin A1c reductions were observed in free clinic patients with diabetes refractory to traditional medical management. Goal-oriented patient empowerment effectively improves a wide range of patient outcomes in the free clinic setting. Other free clinics can implement this collaborative, multidisciplinary model with access to similar personnel.
Exponential Consensus of Multiagent Systems Based on Nonlinear Parabolic PDEs via Intermittent Boundary Control

The exponential consensus issue is investigated for leader-following multiagent systems (MASs) based on nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) on a directed graph via intermittent boundary control (IBC) methods. On the one hand, when the system’s state is accessible, an IBC protocol is designed based on the transfer information generated by the agent’s communication with its neighbors and the information coupling at the boundary $x= l$ , and the sufficient conditions for exponential consensus of leader-following MASs are obtained. On the other hand, when the system’s state is not available completely, the agent’s state is estimated by the proposed observer, and the observer’s coupling information and the boundary coupling information of the agent are adopted to design an IBC protocol to solve the leader-following consensus issue. Finally, two numerical simulations are supplied to account for the obtained theoretical results.
Efficacy and Safety of Leadless Pacemakers for Atrioventricular Synchronous Pacing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Leadless pacemakers with an atrioventricular synchrony algorithm represent a novel technology for patients qualified for VDD pacing. The current evidence of their performance is limited to several small-scale observational studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this new technology. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases from their inception to 12 September 2022. The primary efficacy outcome was atrioventricular synchrony after implantation, whereas the secondary efficacy outcome was the change in cardiac output represented by the left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI). The primary safety outcome was major complications related to the procedures and the algorithm. Means or mean differences with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were combined using a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model. Finally, 8 published studies with 464 participants were included in the qualitative analysis. The pooled atrioventricular synchrony proportion was 78.9% (95% CI 71.9–86.0%), and a further meta-regression did not screen factors that contributed significantly to the heterogeneity. Additionally, a significant increase in atrioventricular synchrony of 11.3% (95% CI 7.0–15.7%, p < 0.01) was achieved in patients experiencing programming optimization. LVOT-VTI was significantly increased by 1.9 cm (95% CI 1.2–2.6, p < 0.01), compared with the VVI pacing mode. The overall incidence of complications was approximately 6.3%, with major complications related to the algorithm being extremely low. Overall, leadless pacemakers with atrioventricular synchronous pacing demonstrated favorable safety and efficacy. Future data on their long-term performance are required to facilitate their widespread adoption in clinical practice.
Behavioural responses and feeding preference of Aellurilus Logunovi Azarkina, 2004 (Araneae: Salticidae) to prey in a controlled environment

Forty adults of Aellurilus logunovi Azarkina, 2004 were randomly collected from scrub hills edges of district Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and observed in a controlled environment at Zoology Lab, Women University Swabi. The study aimed to describe predatory behaviour, i.e., foraging modes, how they establish predatory responses to prey and the abiotic factors that influence their hunting in a controlled environment. It is firstly reported that Aellurilus logunovi Azarkina, 2004 is a generalist predator and has a mix of feeding modes of insectivores and araneophagic or cannibalism with, utilizing their prey by either squeezing or partially engulfing. As the handling time increases with an increased body mass of prey and decreases with an increased mass of predators and reduces the mass of prey. It is also first reported that the activity of Aellurilus logunovi is highly affected by ambient temperature and light, i.e., their activity increased with an increase in temperature and light and mainly was more active below 40°C.
Interference Measurements in the Spectra of Neon and Natural Mercury

Accepted neon standards cover the region 6929–5852A. We have observed the first spectrum of neon throughout the region 8919–3126A in order to assist in establishing secondary standards in that part of this range where none exist.The first spectrum of natural mercury was observed from 7020 to 2200A in order to discover in what part of this range standards of suitable intensity will be available when lines emitted by Hg198 have been measured; and to find out which lines (if any) of the natural element may serve as standards when mercury is accidently or unavoidably present in a low pressure source. It is shown that some lines of natural mercury are suitable for secondary standards, and nearly all may be useful when an accuracy of no more than a part per million is required.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Oxide Layers on Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta and Ti-Nb-Zr-Fe Biomedical Alloys

Nanoporous/nanotubular complex oxide layers were developed on high-fraction β phase quaternary Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta and Ti-Nb-Zr-Fe promising biomedical alloys with a low elasticity modulus. Surface modification was achieved by electrochemical anodization aimed at the synthesis of the morphology of the nanostructures, which exhibited inner diameters of 15–100 nm. SEM, EDS, XRD, and current evolution analyses were performed for the characterization of the oxide layers. By optimizing the process parameters of electrochemical anodization, complex oxide layers with pore/tube openings of 18–92 nm on Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta, 19–89 nm on Ti-20Nb-20Zr-4Ta, and 17–72 nm on Ti-29.3Nb-13.6Zr-1.9Fe alloys were synthesized using 1 M H3PO4 + 0.5 wt% HF aqueous electrolytes and 0.5 wt% NH4F + 2 wt% H20 + ethylene glycol organic electrolytes.