Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fiscal Federalism and the Budget Impacts of the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid Expansion

Medicaid’s federal-state matching system of financing is the nation’s largest example of fiscal federalism. Using generous federal subsidies, the Affordable Care Act incentivized states to expand Medicaid, which became a state option in the aftermath of a 2012 Supreme Court ruling. As of early 2020, 14 states had not yet expanded, with concerns over state budgetary effects described as a key barrier. We use an event-study approach to analyze state budget data from 2010-2018 and assess the effects of state Medicaid expansion decisions. We find that Medicaid expansion increased total spending in expansion states by 6% to 9%, compared to non-expansion states. By source of funds, federal spending via the states increased by 10% in the first year of Medicaid expansion, rising to 27% in 2018. Changes in spending from state funding were modest and non-significant, with less than a 1% change from baseline annually in the most recent years, 2017 and 2018. Meanwhile, we find no evidence that increased Medicaid spending from expansion produced any reductions in spending on education, corrections, transportation, or public assistance. Changes in Medicaid spending tracked closely with the baseline pre-ACA (2013) uninsured rate in each states, with expansion leading to roughly $2680 in added annual spending per uninsured adult. As a result, we estimate states that didn’t expand Medicaid passed up $43 billion in federally-subsidized program funds in 2018. Finally, state projections in the aggregate were reasonably accurate, with expansion states projecting average Medicaid spending from 2014-2018 within 2 percent of the actual amounts, and in fact overestimating Medicaid spending in most years.
Linking Protean Career Orientation with Career Optimism: Career Adaptability and Career Decision Self-Efficacy as Mediators

Protean career orientation has become prevalent among young workers in contemporary workplace. Little is known about whether this orientation is related to their positive expectation of future career development. We developed a conceptual model to investigate the relationship between protean career orientation and career optimism. Informed by social construction theory and social cognitive career theory, we considered career adaptability and career decision self-efficacy (CDSE) as potential mediators in the model. Several hypotheses were proposed and tested with a sample of 170 undergraduate students in Hong Kong. The results of path analysis and bootstrapping indicated that protean career orientation has a positive relationship with career optimism, and such relationship is fully mediated by career adaptability and CDSE. Our study has yielded novel into how some individual differences factors affect the development of career optimism among university students.
The priming effect of competitor product information on advertising creativity

This article examines the manner in which advertising creativity may be influenced by “near” primes in the form of competitor product information that is presented at the briefing stage of engagement with a client. Drawing on the associative theory of creativity and spreading activation theory, this study explores the impact of near primes on both the originality and appropriateness of advertising output and highlights the process mechanism by which it affects overall creativity. Results of a between-subjects experiment indicate that exposing individuals to near primes results in a fixation effect that negatively influences originality but positively influences appropriateness. Associative cognitive flexibility, as measured by the number of “far” analogies accessed during ideation, is shown to be a strong mediator of the relationship between near prime exposure on creativity. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Experiences of Acute Myocardial Infarction Survivors: A Qualitative Research

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are among one the leading causes of death worldwide. The advancements in technology have improved survival rates in acute myocardial infarction patients. Survivors of acute myocardial infarction patients have to face many challenges to adapt to new situations. In-depth understanding of their lived experiences is pivotal for designing tailored made educational programme for their prevention and rehabilitation. There are limited researches available and inadequate attention has been paid to this issue. Therefore, this paper will evaluate personal lived experiences and perspectives of acute myocardial infarction survivors. Methods: Qualitative Literature Review from DELNET, MEDLINE, CINHAL and EBESCO electronic databases. Eighteen articles, 2002-2018, met the inclusion criteria. To identify themes constant comparative method was used. e identified: knowledge of causes (risk factors) of the disease, responses leaded by the event, adopting lifestyle changes, family and social support, future concerns and insecurities and expression of needs. Many survivors did not have adequate knowledge pertaining to causes and risk factors, warning signs and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. Participants found changing one’s lifestyle is difficult and require constant support from family and health care providers. Conclusion: Community awareness campaigns are required to be increased by health care providers. Patients should be educated about the risk factors, signs, symptoms and appropriate changes in lifestyle during their routine checkup visits. Acute myocardial survivors need time-sensitive education especially during and after their hospitalization. Patients need constant support from family and health care providers to combat challenges during their recovery process. Health care providers can utilize this information to develop teaching programmes and to assist in care of acute myocardial infarction survivors.
Nutritional Status, Anthropometric and Biochemical Profile of Down Syndrome Children with Cancer at King Abdullah Medical City Hospital in Makkah

Background: Down syndrome children with cancer are susceptible to nutritional depletion due to the combined effects of the malignant disease and its treatment. The assessment of the nutritional status of pediatric oncology patients on admission to hospital is crucial, as nutritional status is known to influence treatment and clinical outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the nutritional status, life style, anthropometric and biochemical profile of children with cancer. The study was carried out at the at oncology department at King Abdullah medical city hospital in Makkah on 100 children having cancer and receiving treatment compared with non-cancer controls using a descriptive design, by using anthropometric parameters and prealbumine level. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study on 100 Down syndrome children under 15 years with or without cancer was conducted to determine their nutritional status. The children comprised 50 patients with cancer (cases) and 50 controls seen at Down syndrome children’s outpatient clinic with minor illnesses. An interview questionnaire and a physical assessment sheet collected data. Which included three parts; the first one covered the clinical examination; the second part was for anthropometric measurement and the third part was for laboratory investigations. Results: Indicated that leukemia and lymphoma are the commonest cancers and chemotherapy is the therapy mostly used. Children suffer many gastrointestinal symptoms as anorexia, nausea and Original Research Article ElSawy; AORJ, 2(1): 1-10, 2019; Article no.AORJ. 53277 2 vomiting. The majority have abnormal anthropometric measurements, hemoglobin and serum prealbumin levels. It can be concluded that the majority of the children were suffering from anemia and malnutrition. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition in Down syndrome children with cancer is high. Arm anthropometry in conjunction with prealbumine accurately characterizing the nutritional status. Down syndrome children with cancer were significantly more malnourished than those without cancer and will require nutritional support to reduce the morbidity and mortality arising from such illness.
Framework Species Approach Proves Robust in Restoring Forest on Fire Prone Invasive Grass: A Case Study from Panama

ABSTRACT Grasses and fire pose a major challenge for forest restoration. Here we evaluate a case study of reforestation in an area invaded by the tall invasive grass Saccharum spontaneum in the Panama Canal Watershed. The project objectives were to (1) replace Saccharum with a forest, (2) restore a stratified mixed species forest and (3) sequester carbon. We aimed to compare the practice of forest restoration with a treatment grounded in theory. Therefore, the first species selection method followed business-as-usual: contractors planted any combination of 130 prescribed species. The second method followed the framework species approach, a mixture of 22 species was planted to ensure early shade, create a stratified forest over time, attract seed dispersers, and for their potential to fix N2. Both treatments showed successful restoration trajectories 8.5 years after planting, they did not differ in structural characteristics (stem density, basal area, aboveground biomass, height, and amount of Saccharum). However, based on the species present, the framework approach shows more potential to become a stratified forest. As the framework approach also withstood fires much better than the business-as-usual approach, we conclude that it improves restoration success in this human-dominated landscape.
Novel gold nanobiosensor platforms for rapid and inexpensive detection of Vibrio cholerae

ISSN Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative curved-rod bacterium belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. Routine detection of V. cholerae infection can be achieved by isolation of the organism from stool sample on the selective medium, followed by biochemical tests and specific antibodies for serotyping and serogrouping. These methods are laborworking and time-consuming. Furthermore, they provide low sensitivity and specificity. Advanced diagnostic approaches for identification of V. cholerae, such as cell-counting techniques by immunoassay, PCR, and real-time PCR are also used. In addition to these strategies, nanotechnology including gold (Au) or silver nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hold great promise for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective detection of pathogens. In recent years, composites based on golden-graphene nanoparticles have been synthesized using electrochemical methods. They are capable of detecting very low copy numbers of DNA from Vibrio spp. owing to the synergistic effect between the graphene and gold nanoparticles. Therefore, development of nanobiosensors using the gold nanoparticles combined the golden-graphene binary platform nanobiosensor that will open new avenues for the efficient V. cholerae identification. Copyright 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
REMOÇÃO DE NITROGÊNIO DE EFLUENTE DA INDÚSTRIA DE ARROZ PARBOILIZADO POR INCORPORAÇÃO EM BIOMASSA CELULAR de Candida utilis - IZ-1840

Avaliou-se o potencial de remocao de nitrogenio pela levedura Candida utilis IZ-1840, em efluente da industria de parboilizacao de arroz, utilizando-se o liquido do tanque de maceracao, e os efluentes da alimentacao e descarga de um reator UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) por fermentacao em “shaker” rotativo. As amostras fermentadas por 72 horas, foram centrifugadas e analisadas quanto aos teores de NTK, NH3 e pH no sobrenadante e a quantidade de biomassa por gravimetria. Analises de acidez volatil e alcalinidade foram realizadas, somente na descarga do reator, com 10% de inoculo inicial, durante intervalos consecutivos de 24h. A absorcao de nitrogenio amoniacal e total pela levedura teve maior velocidade no efluente do tanque de maceracao, proporcionando um menor tempo de detencao para o fermentador. A melhor eficiencia de remocao de nitrogenio da levedura foi de 68,9%, obtida no efluente da descarga do reator com 10% de inoculo inicial.
Language endangerment: a multidimensional analysis of risk factors

The world is facing a crisis of language loss that rivals, or exceeds, the rate of loss of biodiversity. There is an increasing urgency to understand the drivers of language change in order to try and stem the catastrophic rate of language loss globally and to improve language vitality. Here we present a unique case study of language shift in an endangered Indigenous language, with a dataset of unprecedented scale. We employ a novel multidimensional analysis, which allows the strength of a quantitative approach without sacrificing the detail of individual speakers and specific language variables, to identify social, cultural, and demographic factors that influence language shift in this community. We develop the concept of the ‘linguatype’, a sample of an individual’s language variants, analogous to the geneticists’ concept of ‘genotype’ as a sample of an individual’s genetic variants. We use multidimensional clustering to show that while family and household have significant effects on language patterns, peer group is the most significant factor for predicting language variation. Generalized linear models demonstrate that the strongest factor promoting individual use of the Indigenous language is living with members of the older generation who speak the heritage language fluently. Wright–Fisher analysis indicates that production of heritage language is lost at a significantly faster rate than perception, but there is no significant difference in rate of loss of verbs vs nouns, or lexicon vs grammar. Notably, we show that formal education has a negative relationship with Indigenous language retention in this community, with decreased use of the Indigenous language significantly associated with more years of monolingual schooling in English. These results suggest practical strategies for strengthening Indigenous language retention and demonstrate a new analytical approach to identifying risk factors for language loss in Indigenous communities that may be applicable to many languages globally.
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi, Kompetensi, Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai BPP Aparatur Sukamandi

Abstrak - Manajemen sumber daya manusia sangat memperhatikan proses pekerjaan kinerja pegawai sesuai dengan beban kerja yang ada dalam organisasi dengan menciptakan suasana lingkungan yang harmonis, hubungan pimpinan organisasi dengan kinerja pegawai dan hubungan antar bagian dalam organisasi akan memberi dampak yang sehat dan nyaman diantara pegawai, karena pegawai merupakan salah satu modal penting bagi organisasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan skala likert dan analisis verifikatif menggunakan path analysis, hasil yang diperoleh dari peneletian adalah: 1) Nilai hubungan Iklim organisasi dengan Kompetensi pegawai 0,751 (kuat dan searah karena nilainya positif). Nilai hubungan variabel iklim organisasi dengan motivasi kerja 0,681 (kuat dan searah karena nilainya positif). Nilai hubungan variabel kompetensi pegawai dengan motivasi kerja 0,722 (kuat dan searah karena nilainya positif). 2)Hasil analisis jalur secara parsial pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai sebesar 0,296, pengaruh kompetensi pegawai terhadap kinerja pegawai 0,417, dan pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai 0,180. 3) Pengaruh langsung iklim organisasi 8,7%, pengaruh tidak langsung melalui kompetensi pegawai 9,3%, dan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui motivasi kerja 3,6% Sehingga total pengaruhnya adalah 21,6%. Pengaruh langsung kompetensi pegawai 17,4%, pengaruh tidak langsung melalui iklim organisasi 9,3% dan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui motivasi kerja 5,4%, sehingga total pengaruhnya 32,1%. Pengaruh langsung motivasi kerja 3,2%, sedangkan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui iklim oorganisasi 3,6% dan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui kompetensi pegawai 5,4%, sehingga total pengaruhnya 12,2%. Hasil perhitungan Koefisien determinasi (r 2 ) 65,9 %. Sedangkan faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dan turut mempengaruhi Kinerja Pegawai pada Balai Diklat Aparatur Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan Sukamandi 34,5%.
Regulation of CD8+ T cell responses to Toxoplasma gondii

Protective immunity to Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan parasite, is characterized by a strongly polarized Th1-mediated immune response that is dependent on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In order to study the factors that influence development of CD8+ T cell responses to this parasite, a system was developed using a replication-deficient parasite that expressed the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA). These initial studies revealed that an OVA-specific CD8+ T cell response was induced and peaked at day 10 post-immunization, that the primary response was CD4+ T cell-dependent, and that the cells induced by immunization primarily resembled effector cells. Protective immunity to rechallenge using this model was mediated by CD8+ T cells. Long-term study of the CD8+ T cell response was undertaken, in WT mice as well as in c-Rel-/mice, which are susceptible to T. gondii infection. In these studies, c-Rel was required for optimal primary expansion of CD8+ T cells in response to T. gondii. Surprisingly, while T cells express c-Rel, it was not intrinsically required by the T cells themselves, since adoptive transfer of c-Rel-/CD8+ T cells to WT mice restored their expansion. Further examination revealed that the inflammatory environment but not the T cells themselves required expression of c-Rel, because exogenous IL-12 rescues the CD8+ T cell responses in c-Rel-/mice. Maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells as well as secondary expansion of these cells following challenge was independent of c-Rel. This work provided the first characterization of an antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cell response to non-replicating strain of T. gondii as well as showing that c-Rel is not intrinsically required by CD8+ T cells for expansion or effector function following infection, and provides new insights into the requirements for memory cell formation. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Immunology First Advisor Christopher A. Hunter
Evaluation of the Potential of Freshly Bred Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties in Combating Vitamin A Deficiency

Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is advocated as a rich and readily accessible source of vitamin A. This study was done to evaluate the potential of the newly bred OFSP varieties in combating vitamin A deficiency. OFSP varieties and white fleshed sweet potato (WFSP) varieties were used for the study. β-carotene was extracted with acetone and its spectrophotometric reading at 450 nm used to calculate its concentration. The optimum amount of OFSP required to meet vitamin A needs for children of different age groups were established. Results indicate that βcarotene was below detection levels in WFSP varieties but was detectable in OFSP varieties regardless of the processing treatment. The concentration varied significantly (P < 0.05) between OFSP varieties and between processing treatments. The reduction rate of β-carotene varied with processing treatments and was much higher in fried potatoes (3.2 –37.1%) than boiled potatoes (19.6 – 21%). This implies a higher retention rate of β-carotene (78.97% – 80.44%) in boiled than fried OFSP varieties (62.88% – 67.83%). The optimum amount of OFSP (g/day) required to meet +vitamin A requirements for 7–12 months to 10–13 years varied from 98.91 and 144.27 g/day to 148.36 and 216.41 g/day for Kiegea and Mataya cultivars (OFP varieties), respectively. The results provide an insight of the richness of OFSP varieties in β-carotene and its great potential in preventing vitamin A deficiency. Keywords: Children; Age groups; β-carotene; Vitamin A requirements; Processing treatments
Structural patterns of a coastal hermit crab-gastropod shell interaction network: new insights from a unique relationship

Hermit crabs are ideal organisms for assessing how species that share resources can coexist, as these crustacean species have an intimate relationship with gastropod shells and therefore compete for this particular resource. There is compelling evidence that hermit crabs do not interact with gastropod shells randomly, but few studies have investigated the community-level interactions between hermit crabs and shells. Here we used network analyses to present the first community-level assessment of the structure of a hermit crab-shell interaction network in a coastal region in southeastern Brazil in order to identify mechanisms that underlie hermit crab coexistence. Our results show that the hermit crab-gastropod shell interaction network was non-nested, specialized, and modular. The modular network structure revealed differences in resource use among hermit crab species. The network structure departs from those of free-living species in which the lack of interaction intimacy between species leads to a nested pattern. Thus, the morphological specialization of hermit crabs in relation to their host shells appears to play an important role in structuring the community-level interaction network. Future studies should evaluate the relative importance of abundance and functional traits in the structure of this unique interaction network.
Growth and Yield of Sunflower as Influenced by Nutrient Management Practices

In India sunflower emerged as a promising potential oilseed crop in seventies because of its special characteristics viz., wider adaptability to varied climatic conditions, photo insensitivity, low seed rate, high yield potential, short duration, response to applied A field experiment was conducted during the year 2013 to study the effect of nutrient management practices on growth and yield of hybrid sunflower (cv. RSFH 130) in split plot design on medium deep black soil under protective irrigation at Agricultural Research Station, Hagari, Ballari, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka. Treatments consisted of four main plot treatments; different nutrient management practices through soil application viz., M1; application of RDF ( 90:90:60 kg N, P2O5, K2O /ha), M2; application of RDF + FYM @ 8 t/ha, M3; application of 85 % RDF + FYM @ 8 t/ha and M4; application of 60 % RDF + FYM @ 8 t/ha and four sub plot treatments; nutrient management practices through water soluble foliar grade fertilizers viz., S1; control, S2; foliar application of 19:19:19 water soluble foliar grade fertilizer @ 2% at 25 and 40 DAS, S3; foliar application of 17:44 water soluble foliar grade fertilizer @ 2% at 25 and 40 DAS and S4; foliar application of urea @ 2% at 25 and 40 DAS. Results revealed that application of RDF + FYM @ 8 t/ha along with foliar application of 19:19:19 water soluble foliar grade fertilizer @ 2% at 25 and 40 DAS recorded higher plant height, stem girth, total dry matter production, head diameter, seed yield per plant, thousand seed weight, seed yield, stalk yield, oil content and oil yield of sunflower when compared to other treatment combinations. K e y w o r d s
PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKEN FED DIFFERENT LEVELS THYME, ADIANTUM, ROSEMARY AND THEIR COMBINATION

Assist. prof. Researcher Assoc. Prof. 1College of Agriculture, University of Duhok, Duhok Kurdistan, Iraq. 2Institute of Science, BİNGÖL University, BİNGÖL, Turky. Corresponding author: Email: ihsan.tayeb@hotmail.com ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of medical plants (thymus vulgaris, Adiantum capillus-veneris L, Rosemarinus officinalis and their combination) supplemented in the diet on Physiological and Growth performance traits of broiler chicken. T1 Control (no supplemented), T2 Thyme powder 5 g/kg, T3 Thyme powder 10 g/kg, T4 Adiantum powder 3 g/kg, T5 Adiantum powder 5 g/kg, T6 Rosemary powder 5 g/kg, T7 Rosemary powder 10 g/kg and T8 Mixture (Thyme , Adiantum and Rosemary) with 7.5 g/kg +4 g/kg and 7.5 g/kg, respectively. A Total of 288 unsexed broiler chicks, were randomly distributed to eight treatments with three replicate. Medical plants at different levels added to basal diets at 7 th