Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
This paper is included in the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2022).

Anecdotal stories about security threats told to non-experts by friends, peers, or the media have been shown to be important in forming mental models and secure behaviors. In 2012, Rader et al. conducted a survey ( n=301 ) of security stories with a student sample to determine factors that influence security perceptions and behavior. We replicated this survey with a more diverse sample ( n=299 ), including different age groups and educational backgrounds. We were able to confirm many of the original findings, providing further evidence that certain characteristics of stories increase the likelihood of learning and retelling. Moreover, we contribute new insights into how people learn from stories, such as that younger and higher educated people are less likely to change their thinking or be emotionally influenced by stories. We (re)discovered all of the threat themes found by Rader et al., suggesting that these threats have not been eliminated in the last decade, and found new ones such as ransomware and data breaches. Our findings help to improve the design of security advise and education for non-experts.
A Heuristic Integrated Scheduling Algorithm via Processing Characteristics of Various Machines

Complex products with a tree-like structure usually have an asymmetric structure. Therefore, in order to avoid the separation of equipment and operation correlation during the scheduling, the structural attributes of products and the use of equipment resources should be fully considered. However, this feature is ignored in the current research works on the scheduling of multi-variety and small batch products. This leads to increased idle time for equipment and an extended makespan for products. To avoid this situation, a heuristic integrated scheduling algorithm via processing characteristics of various machines (HIS-PCVM) is proposed. In the integrated scheduling, the algorithm first divides the equipment into two categories: the special equipment and the general equipment according to the resources of the production scheduling system. Then, different scheduling methods are designed according to the equipment categories. The makespan of the product is further optimized through various combination methods. Moreover, the constraint audit strategy to guarantee the constraint relationship between the operations is optimized. The earliest scheduling time strategy is proposed to improve the parallelism and serial tightness of the operations. These strategies reduce the idle time of equipment effectively. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a better application effect in reducing the makespan of complex products, both with asymmetric structures and symmetric structures. This also shows that the algorithm is effective in improving the utilization rate of equipment.
Known lower extremity arterial occlusion. Suspected embolic etiology. Next imaging study to

Procedure Appropriateness Category Relative Radiation Level US echocardiography transesophageal Usually Appropriate O US echocardiography transthoracic resting Usually Appropriate O MRA chest without and with IV contrast Usually Appropriate O MRI heart function and morphology without and with IV contrast Usually Appropriate O MRI heart function and morphology without IV contrast Usually Appropriate O CTA chest with IV contrast Usually Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT heart function and morphology with IV contrast Usually Appropriate ☢☢☢☢ MRA chest without IV contrast May Be Appropriate O US duplex Doppler abdomen Usually Not Appropriate O Aortography chest Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢
Cytotoxicity and phytochemical profiles of Phyllanthus emblica stem barks with in silico drug-likeliness: Focusing on antidiabetic potentials

Out of numerous reported medicinal plants, Phyllanthus emblica has been reported to possess a strong antidiabetic potential and other pharmacological effects. This research aimed to identify the phytoconstituents in the extracts of P. emblica stem barks and hypothesize their antidiabetic potentials based on in silico drug-likeliness. Simplicia of P. emblica powder was sequentially macerated at room temperature (24 h) using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents. Phytochemical profiles of the extract were investigated qualitatively using reagents, followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. All phytocompounds were then analyzed for their pharmacological properties and predicted bioactivities on molinspiration. Cytotoxicity of each extract was evaluated using the brine shrimp lethality test. As many as 18 compounds (from GC-MS), were identified in all extract samples from P. emblica stem barks. Based on in silico drug-likeliness, methanol extract contained the most potentially bioactive compounds (16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13 (14) Z-dien-15,16-olide; 14-. beta. -H-pregna; and isochiapin B). Isochiapin B was revealed as the only compound that had no violation of the rule of five. All three compounds could hypothetically contribute to the antidiabetic activity of the methanol extract from P. emblica stem barks by inhibiting diabetes-related enzymes and interacting with nuclear receptors. Moderate cytotoxicity of ethyl acetate and methanol extract, respectively, further suggests their bioactivities.
Preparation and evaluation of oral soft chewable jelly containing flurbiprofen

Oral jelly is a semisolid preparation that could resolve problem associated with dosage form's swallowing, especially in pediatric and elderly ones. This work aimed to prepare oral flurbiprofen (FBP) jelly to improve patient compliance. Heating and congealing method was used to prepare FBP jelly using three different polymers (pectin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose). The effect of different concentrations of pectin and sucrose on jelly properties was studied. The results revealed that both pectin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose polymers gave acceptable jelly appearance and consistency. It was also observed that the increase of pectin or sucrose concentration had a significant impact on jelly viscosity. All pectin jellies except formula containing 5.5% pectin and 50% weight by volume (w/v) sucrose exhibited more than 50% and 85% of FBP releasing within 15 and 30 min, respectively. The formula (FP2) consisting of 4.5% pectin and 40% w/v sucrose was selected as optimum formula which had a high percent dissolution efficiency (78.95%) and better consistency during handling. This work succeeded in the preparation of new FBP oral jelly, which can be considered a promising dosage form for enhancement of patient compliance and drug solubility.
Early marriage causes decreased growth and development in children under the age of three

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between early marriage and child development. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of mothers with children <3 years old. The subjects of this study are mothers with children aged 3–36 months, who know their age at first marriage, are not currently divorced, and are willing to engage in the study. Results: There is a relationship between early marriage and impaired child growth and development. Conclusions: It was concluded that early marriage affects the growth and development of children <3 years old. Thus, the government or society needs to make efforts to prevent early marriage through the right approach in Indonesia.
Evaluation of adverse drug reaction in patients warfarin therapy

This research aimed to understand the adverse drug reaction (ADR) in heart disease outpatients who were administered warfarin at a hospital in Bandung city. The research was conducted using a cross-sectional design with an observational approach. Subsequently, data were collected from 74 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The causality assessment was made by the Naranjo Algorithm and the incidence of bleeding was classified based on the Bleedscore™. The result showed that the most common ADR were nausea, dizziness, stomach ache, ecchymosis, petechiae, bleeding in the mouth, melena, etc. Furthermore, the INR value was the most significant factor in the incidence of ADR. It was 6.445 using a value of P = 0.001 or a confidence interval of 95%. The most common side effect of warfarin in cardiac outpatients was superficial bleeding, followed by internal bleeding (melena). The INR value is the most significant factor in measuring the incidence of ADR.
Open Ureteric Exploration in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital: Indications and Outcome

Background: Open ureteric exploration is an important procedure in urology employed in the management of ureteric obstruction from various causes. Ureteric obstruction is a common urological problem leading to significant morbidity and may lead to obstructive nephropathy in patient with bilateral obstruction or obstruction in a solitary kidney. Objective: The study aims to determine the demographics of patients who underwent open ureteric exploration, indications, and complications associated with open ureteric exploration. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of all patients who had open ureteric exploration between January 2012 and September 2015. A total of 41 patients had the procedure within this period. Their case notes were retrieved; relevant information was collected with a structured proforma and analyzed with SPSS version 17. Result: In the 41 patients reviewed, the age range was 3 to 70 years with mean age of 33.1 ± 12.14. The commonest age group was 21 – 30years accounting for about 32% (n = 13). Male patients account for 68% (n = 28) while females 32% (n = 13). The indications were ureteric stone 58%, ureteric stricture 23% and external compression 19%. The commonest site of obstruction was the distal ureter 84% (n = 36). Ureterolithotomy was the predominant definitive procedure performed in 58% (n = 24). About 24% (n = 9) of patients developed complications, which includes urinary tract infections (UTI), post-operative intestinal obstruction and surgical site infections. Conclusion: The distal ureter was the commonest site of obstruction while the commonest procedure was ureterolithotomy. Open ureteric exploration is still an important option in the management of ureteric obstruction especially in resource constrain areas.
Ophthalmic Injuries in Patients with Maxillofacial Trauma Presenting to a Teaching Hospital in North Central Nigeria

Background: Ophthalmic injuries in patients with maxillofacial trauma are potential causes of a permanent visual loss. These injuries can easily be missed; hence, there is a need for the ophthalmic evaluation of patients with maxillofacial trauma. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, patterns, etiology, and risk factors of ophthalmic injuries in patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma in a teaching hospital in North Central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was a hospital-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study of 67 patients with maxillofacial trauma recruited over a 6-month study period. Information on the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants was obtained. The data were analysed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to test for statistical significance. Results: Ophthalmic involvement was seen in 77.6% of the study participants, with males and individuals aged 21–30 years being more commonly affected. The leading cause of ophthalmic injuries in patients with maxillofacial trauma was road traffic accident (RTA) (75.5%). Others included assaults and fall from heights. Amongst the RTA cases, 71.4% was due to motorcycle-related accident with 91.9% of the patients with ophthalmic injuries observed not to use helmet/seat belt. The use of alcohol and not wearing protective gears were seen as the risk factors. Simple zygomatic complex fracture was the most common trauma observed (44.2%). Conclusion: Ophthalmologic assessment should be conducted for all patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma. The laws on the use of protective gears such as helmets and seat belts should be enforced.
Prostate Cancer and Challenges in Management in a Semi-urban Centre: A 10-year Experience

Introduction: Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second most common cancer in men and the fifth most common cancer worldwide. The incidence in Nigeria is rising. Numerous challenges exist that prevent the successful management of these patients in this subregion. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to report on the modes of presentation and difficulties encountered in managing patients with CaP in our environment with a view to finding solutions to these challenges. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all CaP patients who were managed in Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria over a 10-year period from 2012 to 2021. Data were collated using a pro forma. Numerical data were summarized as means, median, and standard deviation, whereas categorical data were summarized as frequencies. Statistical significance was pegged at P < 0.05. Results: Seventy-three patients were analysed. The mean age of the patients was 71.48 ± 8.15 years. The three most common presenting complaints were lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) 23 (31.5%), acute urinary retention 9 (12.3%), and LUTS with low back pain 9 (12.3%). The median duration of symptoms was 6.5 months. No difference was noted among educational level, occupation, and stage of CaP, (P=0.222 and P=0.548), respectively. The median total prostate-specific antigen was 85.0 ng/mL. Sixty-seven patients (91.8%) had an abdominopelvic ultrasound scan. Fifty patients (68.5%) had stage 4 disease. Thirty-eight (52.1%) had financial constraints. Forty-nine (67.1%) patients were lost to follow-up. Bilateral orchidectomy was offered to 28 (38.4%) patients. Conclusion: Financial constraint was a huge barrier in the management of CaP patients in this study. Late presentation was common in this study.
Central galaxy growth and feedback in the most massive nearby cool core cluster

We present multiwavelength observations of the centre of RXCJ1504.1 − 0248– the galaxy cluster with the most luminous and relatively nearby cool core at z∼ 0.2. Although there are several galaxies within 100 kpc of the cluster core, only the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG), which lies at the peak of the X-ray emission, has blue colours and strong line-emission. Approximately 80 M⊙ yr−1 of intracluster gas is cooling below X-ray-emitting temperatures, similar to the observed ultraviolet star formation rate of ∼ 140 M⊙ yr−1. Most star formation occurs in the core of the BCG and in a 42-kpc-long filament of blue continuum, line emission and X-ray emission, that extends south-west of the galaxy. The surrounding filamentary nebula is the most luminous around any observed BCG. The number of ionizing stars in the BCG is barely sufficient to ionize and heat the nebula, and the line ratios indicate that an additional heat source is needed. This heat source can contribute to the Hα-deduced star formation rates (SFRs) in BCGs and therefore the derived SFRs should only be considered upper limits. AGN feedback can slow down the cooling flow to the observed mass deposition rate if the black hole accretion rate is of the order of 0.5 M⊙ yr−1 at 10 per cent energy output efficiency. The average turbulent velocity of the nebula is vturb∼ 325 km s −1 which, if shared by the hot gas, limits the ratio of turbulent to thermal energy of the intracluster medium to less than 6 per cent.
Calibrating the Planck Cluster Mass Scale with CLASH

We determine the mass scale of Planck galaxy clusters using gravitational lensing mass measurements from the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH). We have compared the lensing masses to the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) mass proxy for 21 clusters in common, employing a Bayesian analysis to simultaneously fit an idealized CLASH selection function and the distribution between the measured observables and true cluster mass. We used a tiered analysis strategy to explicitly demonstrate the importance of priors on weak lensing mass accuracy. In the case of an assumed constant bias, $b_{SZ}$, between true cluster mass, $M_{500}$, and the Planck mass proxy, $M_{PL}$, our analysis constrains $1- b_{SZ} = 0.73\pm 0.10$ when moderate priors on weak lensing accuracy are used, including a zero-mean Gaussian with standard deviation of 8% to account for possible bias in lensing mass estimations. Our analysis explicitly accounts for possible selection bias effects in this calibration sourced by the CLASH selection function. Our constraint on the cluster mass scale is consistent with recent results from the Weighing the Giants program and the Canadian Cluster Comparison Project. It is also consistent, at 1.34$\sigma$, with the value needed to reconcile the Planck SZ cluster counts with Planck's base $\Lambda$CDM model fit to the primary cosmic microwave background anisotropies.
Forecasting Bitcoin volatility spikes from whale transactions and CryptoQuant data using Synthesizer Transformer models

The cryptocurrency market is highly volatile compared to traditional financial markets. Hence, forecasting its volatility is crucial for risk management. In this paper, we investigate CryptoQuant data (e.g. on-chain analytics, exchange and miner data) and whale-alert tweets, and explore their relationship to Bitcoin's next-day volatility, with a focus on extreme volatility spikes. We propose a deep learning Synthesizer Transformer model for forecasting volatility. Our results show that the model outperforms existing state-of-the-art models when forecasting extreme volatility spikes for Bitcoin using CryptoQuant data as well as whale-alert tweets. We analysed our model with the Captum XAI library to investigate which features are most important. We also backtested our prediction results with different baseline trading strategies and the results show that we are able to minimize drawdown while keeping steady profits. Our findings underscore that the proposed method is a useful tool for forecasting extreme volatility movements in the Bitcoin market.
Stochastic ground motion models to NGA‐West2 and NGA‐Sub databases using Bayesian neural network

Ground motion models (GMMs) are traditionally developed from a frequentist approach. The Bayesian framework has received recent attention in developing nonergodic models, measuring uncertainty, or updating the model with additional data. However, no neural networks are developed to date in this framework to predict ground motion parameters or spectra. Hence, the present work develops a probabilistic Bayesian neural network (PBNN) to next‐generation attenuation – West2 and Subduction databases using variational inference with mean‐field assumption. Network inputs are magnitude, rupture distance, hypocentral depth, shear wave velocity, style of faulting, and region flags; outputs are peak ground values and response spectra. Both models have two hidden layers with seven neurons in each hidden layer. The models are verified for potential overfit, and their performance is validated through the parametric study by varying inputs. The output of a deterministic model is a point estimate. Considering probabilistic layers in hidden and output layers enables the model to capture within‐model epistemic uncertainty and aleatory variability. Obtained aleatory standard deviations are consistent with other models. Mean epistemic uncertainty and aleatory variability are in the range 0.07–0.10 and 0.62–0.78 (ln units) for NGA‐West2 and 0.09–0.16 and 0.67–0.95 for NGA‐Sub models, respectively. The correlation coefficients between recorded and overall mean predictions ranged from 0.94 to 0.97 for NGA‐the West2 model and from 0.91 to 0.95 for the NGA‐Sub models. Network performance for out‐of‐training inputs showed increased epistemic deviations with no effect on aleatory deviations.
Attenuation by Time-Restricted Feeding of High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced NASH in Mice Is Related to Per2 and Ferroptosis

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic and progressive disease whose treatment strategies are limited. Although time-restricted feeding (TRF) is beneficial for metabolic diseases without influencing caloric intake, the underlying mechanisms of TRF action in NASH and its efficacy have not yet been demonstrated. We herein showed that TRF effectively alleviated NASH, producing a reduction in liver enzymes and improvements in liver pathology. Regarding the mechanisms by which TRF mitigates NASH, we ascertained that TRF inhibited ferroptosis and the expression of the circadian gene Per2. By adopting a hepatocyte-specific Per2-knockout (Per2△hep) mice model, we clarified the critical role of Per2 in exacerbating NASH. According to the results of our RNA-Seq analysis, the knockout of Per2 ameliorated NASH by inhibiting the onset of ferroptosis; this was manifested by diminished lipid peroxidation levels, decreased mRNA and protein levels for ferroptosis-related genes, and alleviated morphologic changes in mitochondria. Furthermore, using a ferroptosis inhibitor, we showed that ferroptosis significantly aggravated NASH and noted that this was likely achieved by regulation of the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)α. Finally, we discerned that TRF and hepatocyte-specific knockout of Per2 promoted the expression of PPARα. Our results revealed a potential for TRF to effectively alleviate high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced NASH via the inhibition of Per2 and depicted the participation of Per2 in the progression of NASH by promoting ferroptosis, which was ultimately related to the expression of PPARα.
On the Maximum Enstrophy Growth in Burgers Equation

The regularity of solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation is controlled by the boundedness of the enstrophy ε. The best estimate available to-date for its rate of growth is dε/dt ≤ Cε3, where C > 0, which was recently found to be sharp by Lu & Doering (2008). Applying straightforward time-integration to this instantaneous estimate leads to the possibility of loss of regularity in finite time, the so-called "blow-up", and therefore the central question is to establish sharpness of such finite-time bounds. We consider an analogous problem for Burgers equation which is used as a "toy model". The problem of saturation of finite-time estimates for the enstrophy growth is stated as a PDE-constrained optimization problem where the control variable ϕ represents the initial condition, which is solved numerically for a wide range of time windows T > 0 and initial enstrophies ε0. We find that the maximum enstrophy growth in finite time scales as ε0α with α ≈ 3/2. The exponent is smaller than α = 3 predicted by analytic means, therefore suggesting lack of sharpness of analytical estimates.
ADAPTIVE OPTICS IMAGING OF VY CANIS MAJORIS AT 2–5 μm WITH LBT/LMIRCam

We present adaptive optics images of the extreme red supergiant VY Canis Majoris in the Ks, L′, and M bands (2.15–4.8 μm) made with LMIRCam on the Large Binocular Telescope. The peculiar “Southwest Clump” previously imaged from 1 to 2.2 μm appears prominently in all three filters. We find its brightness is due almost entirely to scattering, with the contribution of thermal emission limited to at most 25%. We model its brightness as optically thick scattering from silicate dust grains using typical size distributions. We find a lower limit mass for this single feature of 5 × 10−3 M☉ to 2.5 × 10−2 M☉ depending on the assumed gas-to-dust ratio. The presence of the Clump as a distinct feature with no apparent counterpart on the other side of the star is suggestive of an ejection event from a localized region of the star and is consistent with VY CMa's history of asymmetric high-mass-loss events.