Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial DNA supports the low genetic diversity of Tursiops truncatus (Artiodactyla: Delphinidae) in Bocas del Toro, Panama and exhibits new Caribbean haplotypes

Introduction: The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is one of the most studied cetaceans worldwide; however, information about the genetic structure of wild populations is scarce in some regions like Central America and the Caribbean. There are two known genetic forms identified in the Caribbean based on mitochondrial DNA Control Region (mtDNA-CR) data: the ‘inshore (or coastal) form’ and the ‘Worldwide distributed form’. In general, the inshore form refers to coastal and highly philopatric populations that show low genetic diversity. Worldwide distributed form refers to highly mobile populations with coastal and oceanic individuals that do not show philopatry and usually display high genetic diversity. Objective: To determine the preliminary genetic status of common bottlenose dolphins in La Guajira, Colombian Caribbean, using a hypervariable portion of mtDNA-CR. The obtained haplotypes were compared with samples collected in Panama (likely ‘inshore form’) and with haplotypes previously found in other areas of the Caribbean. Methods: In 2016, a total of 26 skin samples were obtained by remote biopsy system (PAXARMS) in two locations, La Guajira (Colombia, N=7) and Bocas del Toro (Panama, N=19). DNA was extracted, samples sexed, and a segment of mtDNA-CR (~550-750 bp) was amplified by PCR. The successfully amplified DNA sequences were manually reviewed and cleaned, and subsequently compared with 44 haplotypes previously reported for the Caribbean. Results: The mtDNA-CR sequences from Bocas del Toro shared the same unique inshore haplotype previously reported for this population, while the samples from La Guajira represented six novel haplotypes, five belonging to the Worldwide distributed form and one to the ‘inshore form. ’ Population structure analysis revealed two phylogroups for the Caribbean (FST=0.1353, ΦST=0.3330) with high haplotype diversity: Panama(Bocas del Toro)-Bahamas-Cuba-Mexico (h=0.8489, π=4.2536 %) and Colombia-Costa Rica-Honduras-Puerto Rico (h=0.8837, π=4.2423 %). Conclusions: These findings support the results previously reported for common bottlenose dolphins in Bocas del Toro-Panama and reinforce the need to protect this vulnerable ‘inshore’ population by treating it as a unique population management unit. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of samples collected from La Guajira dolphins provide the first insight into the genetic diversity of common bottlenose dolphins in this region, indicating the presence of both inshore and Worldwide distributed genetic forms. The potential connectivity of this last form among La Guajira-Colombia, Costa Rica, and Honduras in Central America highlights the need for more genetic and ecological studies to determine the appropriate management units for this species in Central America and the Caribbean.
The Students’ Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Vocabulary Size of the English Study Program of UIN Fatmawati Soekarno Bengkulu

The objectives of this research are to analyze information about students' vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary size. This research is mixt-methods; there were descriptive quantitative and qualitative method. The sample of this research is students’ English Study Program of UIN Fatmawati Bengkulu. The data were gathered by using questionnaires, test and interview, and were analyzed by descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis.The results showed that there was no difference which is significant in terms of frequency of using among each student of English education at UIN FAS Bengkulu. So the dominant strategies were used by students that were determination strategies (M=3.3), metacognitive strategies and memory strategies (M=3,2), cognitive strategies (M=3.1), and the last social strategies (M=3). It meant that determination strategies most frequency used by the students English Study Program of UIN FAS Bengkulu. Result for students’ vocabulary size showed that average vocabulary sizes below 8000 word families. Meanwhile from interview data, the students used metacognitive, memory, determination and social strategies for their vocabulary learning. In conclusion, each strategy is a good vocabulary learning strategies to students for improving vocabulary size andmay help lecturers and students to facilitate English vocabulary learning by English Study Program students and other students.
SYNTHESIS BASED ON ETHYL CYANOACETATE

It has been shown that self-condensation ethyl cyanoacetate under conditions of excess potash in DMSO undergoes an intermolecular Claisen-type condensation involving three substrate molecules to form ethyl 2,4-dicyano-2-[2-cyanoacetyl-3-oxo]-butanoate. Self-condensation ethyl cyanoacetate takes place in the presence of triethyl phosphite and zinc acetate with the participation of three reagent molecules resulting in triethyl 3-cyano-2,4-diiminopentane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate. Alkylation ethyl cyanoacetate with 1,2- dichloroethane, cycloalkylation products were obtained: cyclopropane and cyclohexane derivatives, as well as a polymer product. The reaction of ethyl cyanoacetate with 1,2,3-trichloropropane occurs in a 2:3 ratio giving ethyl 7-chloro-2-(2-chloroallyl)-2,5-dicyano-3-methylenoate-7-enoate and 2,5-bis(2-chloroallyl)-3- methylenehexanedinitrile.
The Me and the Us of Emotions: a cluster-randomized controlled trial of the feasibility and efficacy of a compassion-based social–emotional learning program for children

There are well-established benefits of social and emotional learning (SEL) programs for children within educational contexts. Combining social–emotional skills and compassion abilities has been seldomly done, and it may be valuable at individual and societal levels, for resilient, empathetic, and inclusive societies. This study explored the feasibility and efficacy of a program designed to promote socioemotional and compassion skills in children attending the 3rd and 4th grades, by using in-class dynamics complemented with serious games. This program, named “The Me and the Us of Emotions,” is part of the Gulbenkian Knowledge Academies 2020 and consists of 10 group sessions embedded in the school curriculum. Using a cluster-randomized controlled trial design, school classes were allocated to intervention (classes, n = 8; children, n = 163) and control groups (classes, n = 6; children, n = 132). During the program, facilitators assessed adherence to the sessions’ plan, attendance, dosage (i.e., how many sessions were delivered), and participant responsiveness. Children completed self-report measures of social–emotional skills and emotional climate at pre-, post-intervention, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Results indicate that the program is feasible, with high adherence, high attendance rate, and participant responsiveness. Results also indicate empathy, soothing, and drive feelings to change from pre-intervention to all other assessment moments, for the intervention group only. Moreover, cooperation and threat changed over time for participants in both the control and the intervention groups. The current study offers empirical support for the feasibility and utility of a compassion-based social–emotional learning program on promoting children’s empathy, and emotions of soothing and vitality in the school context. Thus, these findings contribute to recent research on the potential added value of compassion practices within an SEL program.
Factors Influencing Agency Costs in the Publicly Listed IT Firms: Evidence from Bangladesh

The primary goal of this research is to identify the factors that influence agency costs in publicly listed IT firms in Bangladesh. The research is based on secondary data obtained from nine IT firms listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) between 2018 and 2021, providing thirty-five firm-year observations. The effects of eight independent factors: board size, firm size, female directors, independent directors, managerial ownership, foreign ownership, institutional ownership, and leverage are examined in this study. For measuring the agency costs, the Asset Utilization Ratio (AUR) and Expense Ratio (EXR) have been employed as proxies. An ordinary least square (OLS) regression model has been used to test the hypothesized model. The study findings indicate that managerial ownership and institutional ownership are inversely and significantly associated with agency costs. In contrast, the board size, independent directors, and foreign ownership have a direct and significant relationship with agency costs. However, the relationship between agency costs and leverage or firm size cannot be determined. Besides, no statistically significant association has been found between female directors and agency costs. Being the first of its kind, the research findings can assist policymakers figure out what causes agency costs in IT firms and then take the right steps to reduce them.
About the strong EULER-GOLDBACH conjecture

In this paper, a “ local ” algorithm is determined for the construction of two recurrent sequences of positive primes ( 𝑈 2 𝑛 ) and ( 𝑉 2 𝑛 ), ( ( 𝑈 2 𝑛 ) dependent on ( 𝑉 2 𝑛 )), such that for each integer n ≥ 2 , their sum is equal to 2n. To form this, a third sequence of primes ( 𝑊 2 𝑛 ) i s defined for any integer n
Foraminifera and sequence stratigraphy of the lower part of the Speeton Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in

The Speeton Clay Formation is exposed in the cliffs north of Flamborough Head in N. E. England. The formation ranges in age from Ryazanian to the Albian but is often poorly exposed in the sea cliffs and on the foreshore. In the lower part of the succession (Ryazanian – Barremian) the foraminiferal assemblage is dominated by long-ranging nodosariids although, at some levels, the fauna is dominated by monospecific assemblages of epistominiids. The diversity of the total foraminiferal assemblage varies throughout the succession, with the maximum diversity being recorded in the Late Hauterivian. Using information from (i) diversity, (ii) distribution of epistominiids, (iii) glauconite and (iv) pyrite it is possible to identify potential sequence boundaries in the Late Ryazanian (~138 Ma), Early Valanginian (~136 Ma), mid-Hauterivian (~129 Ma) and Early Barremian. These four events are very close in age to the events (K20, K30, K40 and K50) originally described by SH arland and co-workers in Arabia.
Characterization and genome analysis of Neobacillus mesonae NS-6, a ureolysis-driven strain inducing calcium carbonate precipitation

In this study, a highly promising bacterium was isolated from sandstone oil in the Ordos Basin, named strain NS-6 which exhibited exceptional urease production ability and demonstrated superior efficiency in inducing the deposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Through morphological and physiochemical characteristics analysis, as well as 16S rRNA sequencing, strain NS-6 was identified as Neobacillus mesonae. The activity of urease and the formation of CaCO3 increased over time, reaching a maximum of 7.9 mmol/L/min and 184 mg (4.60 mg/mL) respectively at 32 h of incubation. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed CaCO3 crystals ranging in size from 5 to 6 μm, and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis verified the presence of calcium, carbon, and oxygen within the crystals. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis further confirmed the composition of these CaCO3 crystals as calcite and vaterite. Furthermore, the maximum deposition of CaCO3 by strain NS-6 was achieved using response surface methodology (RSM), amounting to 193.8 mg (4.845 mg/mL) when the concentration of calcium ions was 0.5 mmol/L supplemented with 0.9 mmol/L of urea at pH 8.0. Genome-wide analysis revealed that strain NS-6 possesses a chromosome of 5,736,360 base pairs, containing 5,442 predicted genes, including 3,966 predicted functional genes and 1,476 functionally unknown genes. Genes like ureA, ureB, and ureC related to urea catabolism were identified by gene annotation, indicating that strain NS-6 is a typical urease-producing bacterium and possesses a serial of genes involved in metabolic pathways that mediated the deposition of CaCO3 at genetic level.
How Job Satisfaction Is Associated with Psychological Well-Being among Social Workers in Turkey: The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life

Abstract The job satisfaction of social workers working with disadvantaged groups plays a crucial role in providing quality service. Social workers derive their psychological wellbeing by finding meaning in their work, which is essential in their work with clients. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of meaning in life and the moderating role of spiritual orientation in the relationship between job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing among social workers. The study was conducted online, using a quantitative cross-sectional design with 303 social workers in Turkey. The researchers utilized scales measuring job satisfaction, psychological wellbeing, meaning in life, and spiritual orientation. Confirmatory factor analysis, correlation, direct, indirect, and moderation analyses were performed using AMOS, SPSS, and Process Macro programs. The results showed that job satisfaction had a positive relationship with meaning in life and psychological wellbeing, and meaning in life mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing. The study also found that spiritual orientation moderated the relationship between job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing among social workers. Further examination of these factors in future studies may shed light on the preparation of more comprehensive interventions and policies for social workers.
The Impact of Green Roof Configuration on Hydrological Performance

Green roofs are increasingly heralded as potential Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS). However, their adoption into UK SUDS strategies has been constrained by a lack of consensus regarding performance or of widely-accepted modelling tools. Green roofs’ finite water-holding capacity is seldom fully available, with antecedent moisture content variably depleted via evapotranspiration (ET) as a function of the climate and the roof configuration; notably substrate structure and texture, and plant density and physiology. This paper provides preliminary data from an experimental study at the University of Sheffield aimed at identifying and quantifying influences behind water movement through nine physicallydifferent configurations. Data for June 2010 shows that cumulative retention varies between 37.3% and 97.3%. Non-vegetated configurations offer least retention; Meadow Flowers increase retention by up to 10%, whilst Sedum vegetation results in 28% higher retention. Substrate type affects retention by up to 40.1%. Substrates with greater organic matter content and finer particle-size distribution are seen to retain greater volumes of soil-water but are typically slower to regenerate the available water capacity before a subsequent event. A holistic soil-plant-atmosphere modelling approach is advocated; evaluating the plant’s transpirational pull and the climate’s propensity to induce evaporation in conjunction with the substrates’ retention and ET characteristics.
Leydig cell metabolic disorder act as a new mechanism affecting for focal spermatogenesis in Klinefelter syndrome patients: a real world cross-sectional study base on the age

Background Klinefelter’s syndrome (KS) was once considered infertile due to congenital chromosomal abnormalities, but the presence of focal spermatozoa changed this. The key to predict and promote spermatogenesis is to find targets that regulate focal spermatogenesis. Objective To explore the trend of fertility changes in KS patients at different ages and identify potential therapeutic targets. Methods Bibliometric analysis was used to collect clinical research data on KS from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 1992 to 2022. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 KS patients who underwent microscopic testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) from 2017 to 2022 in the real world. The reproductive hormones, testicular histopathology, androgen receptors, insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) receptors and sperm recovery rate (SRR) were analyzed. Results Male infertility, dysplasia, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, testosterone and spermatogenesis were the research focuses related to KS. Luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and INSL3 were evaluation indicators of Leydig cell function that fluctuate with age. Testosterone and LH peaked at ages 13-19 and 30-45, while INSL3 only peaked at ages 13-19. 27 patients (27/75) recovered sperm through mTESE and experienced SRR peaks at the ages of 20, 28, 34, and 37. The SRR of fibrosis patients was 46.15%, fatty degeneration was 7.14%, and melanosis was 40.00%. The INSL3 and androgen receptors were highly expressed and roughly balanced in focal spermatogenesis. Conclusion Abnormal metabolism of Leydig cells led to imbalanced expression of INSL3 and androgen receptors, which might be a potential target for spermatogenesis in KS.
Patterns of structure and diversity across a tropical moist forest chronosequence

Patterns of structure and diversity are described from a chronosequence established in the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama. The BCNM is a mosaic of sec- ondary forests reflecting two centuries of agriculture and the establishment of forest preserves. Structure and composition were studied in 10 stands: two each had been farmed or pastured 20, 40, 70, and 100 yr previously; two old-growth stands likely never had been farmed intensively. Data from BCNM are compared with those published by Saldarriaga et al. (1988) from an oligotrophic site on the upper Rio Negro, Venezuela. Changes in stand structure across the BCNM chronosequence are consistent with the four phase model of secondary succession (establishment, thinning, transition, steady state). Growth is rapid and stand basal area reaches old- growth values within 70 - 100 yr. In contrast, growth at Rio Negro is slow; only 2/3 of the total basal area characteristic of old-growth stands was established at 80 yr. Sapling densities in both sites decline with forest age, increasing somewhat in older stands of BCNM but remaining low at Rio Negro. In neither site does tree diversity increase asymptotically toward a maximum in old-growth forest or peak at intermediate stand ages. These data suggest that tropical forest successional pat- terns may not be influenced strongly by the dominance of a few pioneer species as often seems to be the case in temperate forest successions, but reflect the availability of a diverse, easily dispersed regeneration pool.
Effects of a high energy coastal environment on the structure and dynamics of phytoplankton communities (Brazilian Amazon littoral)

Costa, V.B. da, Sousa, E.B de, Pinheiro, S.C. C. , Pereira, L.C. C. and Costa, R.M. da, 2011. Effects of a high energy coastal environment on the structure and dynamics of phytoplankton communities (Brazilian Amazon littoral. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 64 (Proceedings of the 11th International Coastal Symposium), ������� . Szczecin, Poland, ISSN 0749-0208 The present study investigated the spatial-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton communities at three stations at Ajuruteua Beach in Braganca (Para, Brazil) between August, 2004, and July, 2005. Water temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured in situ using a multiparameter probe, while water transparency was estimated using a Secchi disk. Samples for quantitative analyses were obtained from the subsurface water and fixed with 4% formaldehyde. Phytoplankton density was estimated using Utermohl’s sedimentation method. Chlorophyll a concentrations, the frequency and relative abundance of different taxa, and diversity and evenness were also determined. The data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by the Fisher’s test. Water transparency ranged from 10 to 38 cm, while water temperature varied between 26.9 and 31.3oC, and salinity from 15.3 to 36.2 psu. Dissolved oxygen ranged from 4.8 to 8.4 mg/l, while pH values ranged from 7.20 to 8.26. A total of 82 taxa were recorded, most of which (93.7%) belonged to the Bacillariophyta. Total phytoplankton density ranged from 719.13 x 103 cell/l to 2,675.81 x 103 cell/l with higher values being recorded in the rainy season. Phytoflagellates comprised approximately 84% of the phytoplankton collected, followed by diatoms. Phytoplankton biomass varied from 1.16 mg/m³ to 17.63 mg/m³ with higher values being recorded in the rainy season. The results indicated that precipitation is the main factor influencing the composition, density, biomass and diversity of the phytoplankton community at the study site, although local hydrodynamics favored the resuspension of sediments and tychoplankton species such as Dimmeregrama minor.
Behavioral intention & use behavior of citizens in Iligan city towards the staysafe.ph application during the covid 19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has encouraged the use of digital solutions such as contact tracing applications to manage the spread of the virus infection. The use of Staysafe.ph app in particular is central to the management of public health emergencies in the country, however, it is important to understand the needs and tolerances of different users to address factors that may hinder the adoption of such strategy. Prior research in contact-tracing apps focuses solely on measuring people’s intentions to use the app. However, the effectiveness of contact-tracing apps is dependent on a significant percentage of the population installing and using the app. Hence, to investigate the intention to use and usage behavior of citizens towards the Staysafe.ph application during the pandemic, the UTAUT model is used, expanding it with three constructs: privacy concern and self-efficacy as direct determinants for behavioral intention; and fear of Covid-19 as a moderator. A survey experiment (N = 400) in Iligan City is used, in which a web-based version of the survey questionnaire was distributed through social networks. The measurement and structure model were appraised using structural equation modelling (SEM). The result shows that effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and self-efficacy played an important role in behavioral intention and usage of the app, except for performance expectancy and privacy concerns. Moreover, respondents showing behavioral intention to use the application are more likely to use the app. The multiple regression analysis showed that fear of Covid-19 and age as moderating factors do not have a significant impact on behavioral intention and use behavior. These findings were interpreted in the light of current conceptualizations in the area of the study and their implications for the future were pointed out. You should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the abstract. The heading Abstract should be typed in bold 9-point Arial. The body of the abstract should be typed in normal 9-point Times in a single paragraph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centred across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right page margins and justified. It should not normally exceed 200 words.