Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NDT_A_196930 1487..1495

Dr. Joseph D’Souza passed away on February 16, 2019 Background: Clinical care for patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is complex, and disconnect may exist between patient and physician perceptions of treatment, disease awareness, and impact on quality of life (QoL). Relatively few studies have analyzed patient and physician perspectives of disease management concurrently, and even fewer have compared responses between corresponding patients and their physicians. This study aimed to characterize these aspects and identify opportunities to improve alignment. Methods: This cross-sectional study used an online survey and chart review. Participating physicians completed a profiling survey, followed by patient record forms (PRFs) for their next five patients with PD. Patients completed paper questionnaires. PRFs were matched with patient questionnaires, and patient and physician responses compared. Results: Of 107 participating physicians, 70 completed 350 PRFs. Patients completed 71 questionnaires; 66 were matched to PRFs. From a physician perspective, there was alignment between the motor symptoms that were most bothersome for patients and those that were most discussed (physicians felt tremor was most bothersome for most patients [71%]; 77% of physicians included tremor among top three most discussed), but disconnect between the most bothersome and most discussed nonmotor symptoms (physicians felt fatigue was most bothersome for most patients [35%]; cognitive impairment was the most discussed nonmotor symptom, with 52% of physicians including it in top three most discussed). Patients and physicians reported moderate satisfaction with current PD medication. Patients considered form of delivery more important than did physicians. Physicians showed a strong level of awareness of PD’s impact on patient QoL, although validated QoL instruments were not widely used. Physicians were more confident than patients about patients’ awareness of support resources for patients with PD. Conclusion: Nonmotor symptoms, form of medication delivery, and awareness of support services are areas where PD physician and patient alignment could be increased to improve outcomes.
Review of Alterations in Perlecan-Associated Vascular Risk Factors in Dementia

Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan protein in the extracellular matrix that structurally and biochemically supports the cerebrovasculature by dynamically responding to changes in cerebral blood flow. These changes in perlecan expression seem to be contradictory, ranging from neuroprotective and angiogenic to thrombotic and linked to lipid retention. This review investigates perlecan’s influence on risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and amyloid that effect Vascular contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID). VCID, a comorbidity with diverse etiology in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is thought to be a major factor that drives the overall clinical burden of dementia. Accordingly, changes in perlecan expression and distribution in response to VCID appears to be injury, risk factor, location, sex, age, and perlecan domain dependent. While great effort has been made to understand the role of perlecan in VCID, additional studies are needed to increase our understanding of perlecan’s role in health and in cerebrovascular disease.
Competitive interaction and economic injury level of Urochloa plantaginea in corn hybrids

ABSTRACT Identifying the competitive ability of corn hybrids and the economic injury level (EIL) caused by Urochloa plantaginea is important for the adoption of integrated management of this weed. This work aims to evaluate the interference and EIL of U. plantaginea infesting corn hybrids. Treatments included the corn hybrids Syngenta Status VIP3, Syngenta SX8394 VIP3, Pioneer P1630H, Pioneer 30F53 YH, and Dow 135021, as well as 12 densities of U. plantaginea for each hybrid. We used a rectangular hyperbolic model to describe the relationship between corn grain productivity loss and the explanatory variables — plant density (PD), dry mass (DM) of the aerial parts, ground cover (GC), and leaf area (LA). EIL was determined using grain productivity, control cost, corn price, and herbicide efficacy. The rectangular hyperbolic model provides a satisfactory estimate of grain productivity loss regarding the interference of U. plantaginea in corn culture. The hybrids Pioneer 30F53 YH and Pioneer P1630H presented better competitiveness and higher EIL. Sowing the hybrids Pioneer P1630H, Pioneer 30F53 YH, and Dow 135021 increased EIL, justifying the adoption of control measures for U. plantaginea at higher densities.
NMR Relaxometry: The Canonical Case Glycerol.

We present a quantitative description of the proton spin-lattice relaxation rate R1(T,ω) of glycerol including temperatures from 191 K - 360 K and a frequency range 10 kHz < ω/2π < 20 MHz covered by the field-cycling technique. The analysis encompasses the data compiled by Noack and coworkers in 1971, so far the most complete data set (10 kHz > ω/2π < 117 MHz). Applying frequency-temperature superposition, master curves are constructed extending over 15 decades in frequency/time. The master curves are described by contributions reflecting translational and rotational dynamics mediated by inter- and intramolecular relaxation pathways. The rotational part of the spectral density/susceptibility shows high similarity with those reported by dielectric spectroscopy or photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). In addition to a Cole-Davidson-like peak a high-frequency "excess wing" has to be accounted for. Quantitative agreement with the PCS susceptibility is found which probes the same order of rotational correlation function. The translational contribution is reproduced by applying the force-free hard sphere model describing diffusion of dipolarly coupled spin systems. Rotational and translational time constants are compared to those from other techniques. Our approach is paradigmatic for the analysis of spin relaxation in glass forming liquids. It also solves long-standing deficiencies regarding the analyses of deuteron relaxation. Yet, the case of glycerol is special as its large separation of translational and rotational dynamics, probably due to its hydrogen bond network, is not found in non-associated liquids.
Therapeutic sildenafil inhibits pulmonary damage induced by cigarette smoke exposure and bacterial inhalation in rats

Abstract Context Clinical reports showed sildenafil beneficial therapy on severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients. Objective The study investigated therapeutic effects of silenafil on pulmonary damage induced by cigarette smoke exposure and bacterial inhalation in rats. Materials and methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats (200–250 g) were divided into control group (no exposure, n = 10) and exposure group (n = 50) suffered from cigarette smoke exposure and Klebsiella pneumonia inhalation for 8 weeks. Then rats were orally given normal saline (control group or model group), 2.0, 3.0, or 4.5 mg/kg sildenafil for 4 weeks, respectively. Pulmonary pressure, RVHI and morphological analysis of pulmonary vascular remodeling, respiratory functions assay, morphological analysis of pulmonary alveoli, and expression of PCNA and caspase-3 of epithelial cells in bronchioles wall were examined. Results Compared to model rats, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.5 mg/kg sildenafil increased VT by –0.6 to 9.58%, PEF by 3.12 to 6.49%, EF50 by 0.81 to 6.50%, decreased mPAP by 4.43 to 25.58%, RVHI by 6.54 to 26.41%, showing a dose-dependent improvement. Furthermore, 4.5 mg/kg sildenafil significantly increased MAN by 39.70%, LA/CSA by 37.07%, decreased muscular pulmonary arteries by 48.00%, WT by 12.83%, MT by 22.89%, caspase-3 expression by 17.71%, and showed improvement on abnormality in lung interstitial and bronchioles by microscopy. Discussion and conclusion Our results demonstrated that sildenafil decreased pathological changes in alveoli, bronchioles, interstitial tissue, and arterioles of rats with COPD and PH.
Meaning-making as a coping strategy among transgender women living with HIV in Indonesia

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand how transgender women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cope psychologically with the infection. A qualitative inquiry was conducted with 29 participants in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Participants were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data analysis was guided by the framework analysis for qualitative research. The findings indicated that acceptance of HIV status by an individual was related to the person’s awareness of personal behaviours leading to HIV acquisition. This meaning-making, “a psychological process” helped their attitudes towards thinking positively about life, stopped self-blaming and acted as a mechanism to cope with the challenging circumstances related to HIV infection. Participants’ awareness of the importance of friends and families who cared and loved them, the responsibility they had for their families and the willingness to contribute meaningfully to other people living with HIV (PLHIV) were additional supportive attributes that contributed to participants’ coping with the HIV stressful situations. The processes of finding the meaning supported participants’ commitment to undergo HIV treatment and being involved in activities for self-help, while helping other PLHIV to cope with their situations. The findings indicate the need for sustained counselling to help PLHIV to find positive meanings out of their condition.
Evolutionary Dynamics of Multigene Families in Triportheus (Characiformes, Triportheidae): A Transposon Mediated Mechanism?

Triportheus (Characiformes, Triportheidae) is a freshwater fish genus with 18 valid species. These fishes are widely distributed in the major river drainages of South America, having commercial importance in the fishing market, mainly in the Amazon basin. This genus has diverged recently in a complex process of speciation carried out in different river basins. The use of repetitive sequences is suitable to trace the genomic reorganizations occured along the speciation process. In this work, the 5S rDNA multigene family has been characterized at molecular and phylogenetic level. The results showed that other multigene family has been found within the non-transcribed spacer (NTS): the U1 snRNA gene. Double-FISH with 5S and U1 probes were also performed, confirming the close linkage between these two multigene families. Moreover, evidences of different transposable elements (TE) were detected within the spacer, thus suggesting a transposon-mediated mechanism of 5S-U1 evolutionary pathway in this genus. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a species-specific grouping, except for Triportheus pantanensis, Triportheus aff. rotundatus and Triportheus trifurcatus. The evolutionary model of the 5S rDNA in Triportheus species has been discussed. In addition, the results suggest new clues for the speciation and evolutionary trend in these species, which could be suitable to use in other Characiformes species.
Target Alpha Therapy with Thorium-227.

Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) can deliver high localized burden of radiation selectively to cancer cells as well as the tumor microenvironment, while minimizing toxicity to normal surrounding cell. Radium-223 (223Ra), the first-in-class a-emitter approved for bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer has shown the ability to prolong patient survival. Targeted Thorium-227 (227Th) conjugates represent a new class of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals for TAT. They are comprised of the α-emitter 227Th complexed to a chelator conjugated to a tumor-targeting monoclonal antibody. In this review, the authors will focus out interest on this therapeutic agent. In recent studies 227Th-labeled radioimmunoconjugates showed a relevant stability both in serum and vivo conditions with a significant antigen-dependent inhibition of cell growth. Unlike 223Ra, the parent radionuclide 227Th can form highly stable chelator complexes and is therefore amenable to targeted radioimmunotherapy. The authors discuss the future potential role of 227Th TAT in the treatment of several solid as well as hematologic malignancies.
A Critical Review of Smart Residential Environments for Older Adults With a Focus on Pleasurable Experience

Various smart services and technologies have been developed to support older adults' well-ness, make their daily tasks easier, and enhance their overall quality of life. When people grow older, older adults inevitably experience a significant decrease in their physical, cognitive, and sensory capabilities, which makes them develop negative attitudes toward technology. In this regard, this study highlights that older adults require not only usable and practical spaces but also smart residential environments that can fulfill them emotionally. Research on smart environments for this population should consider the hedonic and experiential factors of interacting with technology, such as fun, fulfillment, play, and user engagement. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of smart residential environments to support positive aging and pleasurable user experience in the architecture domain. For this critical review emphasizing the pleasurable smart environment, an evaluation framework was developed, consisting of four categories: well-ness, independence, acceptance, and design. Through an extensive analysis of selected papers in the architecture domain, it was found that studies on the smart home tend to focus on utilitarian factors, such as usability, monitoring physical experiences, and simulating energy efficiency, and rarely mention psychological well-ness. Smart environments should be designed to not only emphasize efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction but also to engage older adults and provide them positive experiences. As various smart technologies continue to evolve and integrate into smart living spaces, it is important to understand older adults' cognitive and emotional aspects and make the smart environment a more comfortable place for them.
SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM AND DETERMINATION OF SEX IN YELLOW-LEGGED GULLS

---This paper evaluates sexual size dimorphism in the •11ow-legged Gull (Larus cachinnans) from a colony in northeast Spain and provides a reliable method for predicting the sex of measured individuals. Males were significantly larger than females in all body measurements. Predictive functions using two to four measurements correctly sexed 100% of the sampled individuals, although one measurement (head length) was almost as accurate (99.4%). Other authors reported no differences between the measurements taken from gulls in this colony and those taken from gulls in colonies as far away as the Moroccan coast. Thus, the discriminant functions described in this paper might be applicable to other colonies of Yellow-legged Gulls. DIMORFISMO SEXUAL DE TAMA•O Y DETERMINACION DEL SEXO EN GAVIOTAS PATIAMARI• Sinopsis. --E1 presente artlculo evalua el dimorfismo sexual en el tamafio de la Gaviota Patiamarilla (Larus cachinnans) en una colonia del Noreste de Espafia, y ofrece m6todos ericaces para predecir su sexo. Los machos fueron significativamente mayores que las hembras en todas las medidas corporales. Funciones predictivas que combinaron de 2 a 4 medidas sexaron correctamente el 100% de los individuos muestreados, aunque una sola medida pot separado (longitud de la cabeza) fue casi tan precisa en predecir el sexo (99.4%). Otros autores han mostrado la ausencia de diferencias en las medidas corporales de las gaviotas de la colonia estudiada con las de gaviotas de colonias tan alejadas como la costa de Marruecos. De este modo, las funciones discriminantes descritas en este articulo podrian ser aplicables a otras colonias de Gaviotas Patiamarillas. Because male and female gulls usually differ in size but not plumage (Cramp and Simmons 1983, Ingolfsson 1969), many studies have described predictive functions based on external measurements to discriminate between the sexes. These functions are specific for each species and, in some cases, each population within a species (Evans et al. 1993). The Yellow-legged Gull (Larus cachinnans), formerly classified as a subspecies of the Herring Gull, is now generally considered to form a separate species (Wilds and Czaplak 1994, Wink et al. 1994, Y6sou 1991). Although it is the most common seabird in the Mediterranean region (Beaubrun 1993, Bourne 1993), few papers deal with its morphometric characteristics, and the scarce information about its sexual size dimorphism does not include any discriminant function. Discriminant functions described by Coulson et al. (1983) and Migot (1986) for European populations of Herring Gulls (from England and France, respectively) incorrectly classified 50.7% and 85.7%, respectively, of female Yellow-legged Gulls as males in a population from northeast Spain (possibly because Yellow-legged Gulls have a longer, heavier bill and bulkier head and body than Herring Gulls; Mierauskas et al. 1991, Wilds
A Novel Forecasting Model Combining the High – Order Fuzzy Time Series with Particle Swam Optimization

This paper proposes a novel fuzzy time series forecasting model for contributing to the stages of determining of interval lengths, establishing of fuzzy logical relationships (FLRs) and the stage of defuzzification. In fuzzy time series (FTS) models, lengths of intervals always affect the results of forecasting. Therefore, we use particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to find the optimal length of intervals in the universe of discourse. Most of the existing forecasting models simply ignore the repeated FLRs without any proper justification or accept the number of recurrence of the FLRs without considering the appearance history of these fuzzy sets in the grouping fuzzy logical relationships process. Therefore, in this study, we consider the appearance history of the fuzzy sets on the right-hand side of the FLRs to establish the high – order fuzzy logical relationship groups, called the high-order time-variant fuzzy relationship groups (TV-FRGs) and then, a new forecasting computational technique in the stage of defuzzification is introduced with the intend to obtain the smallest forecasting error as possible. For verifying the suitability of proposed method, two numerical datasets about enrollments of the University of Alabama and Gasonline Price in Viet Nam are illustrated for forecasting process and comparing with other forecasting model. Experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms other baseline forecasting model based on the high-order FTS.
Geographic effects on stable isotopic composition of precipitation across Thailand*

ABSTRACT This study investigated the spatial variation of isotopes in precipitation over Thailand in relation to geographic condition. Monthly data (2013–2015) of stable isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) in precipitation within the region 5°37′–20°27′N, 98°04′–105°31′E were analysed using the least squares regression method to determine the possible effects of latitude and longitude on δ18O and d-excess in precipitation. Results showed that the spatial variability of isotopes in precipitation is affected by both continental and amount effects and that the variation is slightly greater in terms of latitude than longitude. Latitude and longitude effects both exhibited negative and positive correlations. Negative correlation, whereby isotopic values decreased with increasing latitude, was found during the June–August and September–November periods. Conversely, a positive relationship appeared in the December–February and March–May seasons. These effects had opposite correlation owing to the various moisture sources and different precipitation patterns between seasons. Furthermore, weak correlation for both latitude and longitude effects was revealed during September–November because of the intraseasonal variation of the monsoon. Consequently, the isotopic composition of precipitation in Thailand is controlled not only by geography but also by moisture source and precipitation pattern.
Depression and anxiety mediate the relationship between insomnia and eating disorders in college women

Abstract Objective: This study examined the associations between insomnia, anxiety, and depression in college women with eating disorders (EDs). Participants: Six hundred and ninety women from 28 US colleges who screened positive for an ED were assessed for psychiatric comorbidities. Women were, on average, 22.12 years old, mostly White (60.1%) and undergraduates (74.3%). Methods: Two mediation models were tested to determine if depression and/or anxiety mediated the relationship between insomnia and ED symptomatology. Results: One-fifth of the sample (21.7%) reported clinically moderate and severe levels of insomnia. Both depression (B = .13, p <. 001) and anxiety (B = .13, p <. 001) significantly mediated the relationship between insomnia and ED psychopathology. Conclusions: Insomnia is relatively common in college-age women with EDs. Findings suggest that this association between ED and sleep disturbances can be explained, in part, by changes in depression and anxiety. Clinicians should consider incorporating mental health assessments for insomnia, depression, and anxiety into current ED prevention, intervention, and screening efforts on college campuses.
Validation of the simplified modified Rankin scale for stroke trials: Experience from the ENCHANTED alteplase-dose arm

Background and aims The structured, simplified modified Rankin scale questionnaire (smRSq) may increase reliability over the interrogative approach to scoring the modified Rankin scale (mRS) in acute stroke research and practice. During the conduct of the alteplase-dose arm of the international ENhanced Control of Hypertension ANd Thrombolysis StrokE stuDy (ENCHANTED), we had an opportunity to compare each of these approaches to outcome measurement. Methods Baseline demographic data were recorded together with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Follow-up measures obtained at 90 days included mRS, smRSq, and the 5-Dimension European Quality of life scale (EQ-5D). Agreements between smRSq and mRS were assessed with the Kappa statistic. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify baseline predictors of Day 90 smRSq and mRS scores. Treatment effects, based on Day 90 smRSq/mRS scores, were tested in logistic and ordinal logistic regression models. Results SmRSq and mRS scores had good agreement (weighted Kappa 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–0.81), while variables of age, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, pre-morbid mRS (1 vs. 0), baseline NIHSS scores, and imaging signs of cerebral ischemia, similarly predicted their scores. Odds ratios for death or disability, and ordinal shift, 90-day mRS scores using smRSq were 1.05 (95% CI 0.91–1.20; one-sided P = 0.23 for non-inferiority) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.87–1.11; P = 0.02 for non-inferiority), similar to those using mRS. Conclusions This study demonstrates the utility of the smRSq in a large, ethnically diverse clinical trial population. Scoring of the smRSq shows adequate agreement with the standard mRS, thus confirming it is a reliable, valid, and useful alternative measure of functional status after acute ischemic stroke. Clinical Trial registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01422616.
Quality Control of Olives by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and AssureID Software

Olive oil is an increasingly popular food product worldwide, with global production exceeding 3.0 million tons in 2011 and showing steady annual growth. Despite these huge volumes, however, margins are relatively small in olive oil production so quick and easy analysis of oil quality is vital to maintain process efficiency. Rapid, reliable analysis can contribute to process and quality improvements in numerous ways. For example,