Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The antiautomorphism of the Steenrod algebra

Combinatorial techniques are used to obtain some formulas for the canonical antiautomorphism of the Steenrod algebra. In this note we shall prove some nice formulas involving the canonical antiautomorphism x of the modp Steenrod algebra [1]. THEOREM 1. xG9vn1+ +P+1)( ) THEOREM 2. For n>k, %(Sq 2-k Sq2. Sq2kl( (Sq2k-? k (Sq2 kk) = Sq2 k2 (Sq2 -k) + Sq2k-2_-3. Sq3Sql. I wish to thank Mark Mahowald, Sholom Rosen, and Greg Burnham for helpful suggestions. Let S(i) denote the sum of all Milnor basis elements [1] of the form JR in dimension i. In [1, Corollary 6] is it shown that x(gt)= (1)tS(2i(p1)). Thus Theorem 1 will follow by induction once we have shown that Ypn-1 *S(2(pn-11))=S(2(pn1)). Indeed we shall prove PROPOSITION. gm. S(l) = E (Z )'R, R pm where the sum is taken over all sequences R= (r1, ) having : 2(pi1)r= 1+2m(p1). Then we need merely to note that if 2 2(ptI)ri=2(pn1), then > piri= pn_ 1+> ri and 1< ri <2(pn-1 )/2(p-1), and hence pn< : ptri< p+. **+pn . so that ( I ir (mod p). p PROOF OF PROPOSITION. The product contains a term Bl ( ri g(r,.-.) Received by the editors June 18, 1973 and, in revised form, September 7, 1973. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 55G10; Secondary 05A15.
On the occurrence of streams and disks in massive X-ray binary systems.

The simple picture that mass transfer in massive X-ray binaries takes place by a stellar wind is a gross oversimplification. Data from the best observed systems in this category indicate that most companion stars fill their critical lobe completely, and are losing mass both by stellar wind and by lobe overflow. The fraction of overflowing matter that can accrete onto the compact object strongly depends on the companion's rotation rate,and is low when the companion rotates much more slowly than the binary system (as seems typical). The rest of the overflowing matter leaves the system in a stream or fan, which is probably responsible for the strong absorption feature in the X-ray light curve that massive binaries generally show between orbital phases 0.5 and 0.8. An accretion disk will form around the compact object if the accreting matter has sufficient angular momentum; and since there is little (average) angular momentum in the mateial from the wind, a certain minimum fraction of the accreting matter is required to come from the overflow. This condition is likely to be satisfied in several of the massive X-ray binaries, so that the occurrence of disks in these systems should not be considered a rarity.more » Other observational evidence seems to support this conclusion. « less
The Crystal Structure of Bacillus thuringiensis Tpp80Aa1 and Its Interaction with Galactose-Containing Glycolipids

Abstract Tpp80Aa1 from Bacillus thuringiensis is a Toxin_10 family protein (Tpp) with reported action against Culex mosquitoes. Here, we demonstrate an expanded target range, showing Tpp80Aa1 is also active against the larvae of Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We report the first crystal structure of Tpp80Aa1 at a resolution of 1.8 Å, which shows Tpp80Aa1 consists of two domains: an N-terminal β-trefoil domain resembling a ricin B lectin and a C-terminal putative pore-forming domain sharing structural similarity with the aerolysin family. Similar to other Tpp family members, we observe Tpp80Aa1 binds to the mosquito midgut, specifically the posterior midgut and the gastric caecum. We also identify that Tpp80Aa1 can interact with galactose-containing glycolipids and galactose, and this interaction is critical for exerting full insecticidal action against mosquito target cell lines.
Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports Revisiting the Hot Hand Theory with Free Throw Data in a Multivariate Framework

Despite the conventional wisdom of the existence of the “hot hand" in basketball, studies have found no or weak evidence for the hot hand in game situations, although stronger evidence in controlled settings. Almost all studies have tested for the hot hand in univariate frameworks, often with inadequate power. I use a sample based on all free throws during the 2005-06 NBA season. With a multivariate framework with individual fixed effects, I find evidence for the “hot hand" in that making the first free throw is associated with a significantly higher probability of making the
Détermination expérimentale des coefficients du viriel de la réfractivité des gaz : étude de l'argon

A spherical Fabry Perot interferometer is used to determine the refractive index of argon to a few hundred bars, with a better accuracy than those obtained in preceding experiments.The first and second refractivity virial coefficients have been determined. Measurements have been made for eight wavelengths in the visible spectrum between 4359 and 6329 A. A value of the third coefficient is given for the first time.Comparisons are made with preceding published values, and with values of dielectric virial coefficients.
Effects of quantization in second-order fixed-point digital filters with two's complement truncation quantizers

Second-order direct-form digital filters with two two's-complement truncation quantizers are analyzed. The regions of the parameter plane where limit cycles of period one and two exist are first determined, and their locations are related to the possible cycle values. The global asymptotic stability (GAS) of the filter is then investigated in the region where no such limit cycles are possible within the stability triangle of the associated linear filter. The GAS is proved for a fairly large area by an analytical procedure. The GAS area is then extended using an exact exhaustive search. >
Spectral evolution of asymptotic giant branch stars

L'evolution des etoiles de masse intermediaire de la branche geante asymptotique est simulee numeriquement a partir d'un modele de perte de masse simple. Les resultats sont compares aux donnees photometriques et spectrometriques enregistrees par le satellite IRAS dans le domaine infrarouge
Organic and inorganic nutrients modulate taxonomic diversity and trophic strategies of small eukaryotes in oligotrophic oceans

Abstract As the oligotrophic gyres expand due to global warming, exacerbating resource limitation impacts on primary producers, predicting changes to microbial assemblages and productivity requires knowledge of the community response to nutrient availability. This study examines how organic and inorganic nutrients influence the taxonomic and trophic composition (18S metabarcoding) of small eukaryotic plankton communities (< 200 µm) within the euphotic zone of the oligotrophic Sargasso Sea. The study was conducted by means of field sampling of natural microbial communities and laboratory incubation of these communities under different nutrient regimes. Dissimilarity in community composition increased along a depth gradient, with a homogeneous protist community within the mixed layer and distinct microbial assemblages at different depths below the deep chlorophyll maximum. A nutrient enrichment assay revealed the potential of natural microbial communities to rapidly shift in composition in response to nutrient addition. Results highlighted the importance of inorganic phosphorus availability, largely understudied compared to nitrogen, in constraining microbial diversity. Dissolved organic matter addition led to a loss of diversity, benefiting a limited number of phagotrophic and mixotrophic taxa. Nutrient history of the community sets the physiological responsiveness of the eukaryotic community to changing nutrient regimes and needs to be considered in future studies.
The statistical mechanics of random copolymers

Random copolymers are polymers with two or more types of monomer where the monomer sequence is determined by some random process. Once determined, the sequence is fixed so random copolymers are an example of a system with quenched randomness. We review the statistical mechanics of random copolymers, focusing on self-avoiding walk models where there are two types of monomers, A and B, which are randomly distributed along the polymer chain. Theoretical, approximate and numerical results are reviewed for models of the random copolymer adsorption, localization and collapse phase transitions. We concentrate on what is known about the existence of phase transitions, the Morita approximation, and results about self-averaging. We also discuss, in less detail, the replica trick and numerical methods including Monte Carlo methods, exact enumeration and transfer-matrix methods. Important open problems are identified throughout and highlighted in the conclusions.
Assessing severity of problem gambling – confirmatory factor and Rasch analysis of three gambling measures

ABSTRACT The comparative psychometric properties of self-report measures for gambling are insufficiently evaluated, in particular regarding factor structure and item response properties. Confirmatory factor and Rasch analyses were tested for three widely used gambling measures assessing problem gambling and related constructs, that is, the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), the Problem and Pathological Gambling Measure (PPGM), and the NORC Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS). Psychometric data was analyzed, including help-seeking and recreational gambling samples (N = 598). Compared to the PPGM and the NODS, the PGSI performed worse in the confirmatory factor analysis, and showed poor fit for the theoretically assumed unidimensional model. The Rasch analysis indicated that the PPGM had an adequate difficulty range (i.e. lowest to highest item difficulty) to detect gambling problems across a severity continuum. Compared to the PPGM, the PGSI and NODS had smaller item difficulty ranges, indicating detection of higher gambling severity problems. We conclude that using the PGSI for detection of low severity problems, such as at-risk gambling, might be problematic. The PPGM can be used in general populations and clinical contexts to detect problem gambling and pathological gambling. The NODS is suitable for use in clinical samples for identification of pathological gambling.
Bus passenger injury prevention: Learning from onboard incidents

Abstract Objective Bus travel is relatively safe: however there remains a lack of understanding of passenger injury incidents onboard buses. The objective of this study was to understand more about onboard passenger incidents to help inform injury mitigation. Methods The UK national STATS19 data and Transport for London bus incident data (IRIS) were used to determine the size of the problem in Greater London. Other data including onboard incident reports from two bus operators and CCTV footage of 70 incidents were used to understand passenger injury in more depth and identify common themes and challenges. Results The STATS19 and IRIS analysis showed that there was a difference between nationally reported bus incidents compared to locally reported bus incidents. Non-collision incidents are prevalent in the data suggesting there is a large problem to tackle. The CCTV and bus incident data identified braking to be the single largest problem in onboard bus passenger injury incidents. Inconsistent reporting of passenger incidents and injury descriptions make it difficult to identify injury patterns and trends. Areas on the bus appear to contribute to higher injury incidents namely those seats facing and closest to the wheelchair area. Other challenges relating to expected passenger and driver behaviors were noted where blame for the incident and outcome can be attributed to both parties. Conclusions This combined analysis of incident reports and CCTV footage has enabled a better understanding of the events leading to on-board passenger injury incidents. Preventing harsh braking would appear to be the most effective way of reducing passenger injuries. Additionally improved data collection would assist both transport authorities and bus operators to identify and monitor the effect of bus safety improvements.
The McCoy Condition on Ore Extensions

Nielsen [29] proved that all reversible rings are McCoy and gave an example of a semicommutative ring that is not right McCoy. When R is a reversible ring with an (α, δ)-condition, namely (α, δ)-compatibility, we observe that R satisfies a McCoy-type property, in the context of Ore extension R[x; α, δ], and provide rich classes of reversible (semicommutative) (α, δ)-compatible rings. It is also shown that semicommutative α-compatible rings are linearly α-skew McCoy and that linearly α-skew McCoy rings are Dedekind finite. Moreover, several extensions of skew McCoy rings and the zip property of these rings are studied.
Evaluation of MET alteration in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor from paired biopsy: A retrospective cohort study

Purpose: Mesenchymal-epithelial transition tyrosine kinase receptor (MET) amplification is one of the common acquired resistance mechanisms to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). To evaluate the usefulness of screening methods for MET status, we studied the impact of MET amplification or protein overexpression in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients who were treated with EGFR TKI.Methods: A total of 214 patients treated with EGFR TKI as first-line therapy with available tissue biopsy was analyzed. Paired biopsies were obtained from 111 patients at baseline and at onset of resistance. MET status was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results: Among 111 patients with paired samples, incidence of MET alteration was increased according to both MET overexpression by IHC (14.4% to 22.5%) and MET amplification by FISH (1.8% to 8.1%) with moderated to strong IHC intensity samples after EGFR TKI treatment. In patients treated with 1st-generation EGFR TKI, MET amplification by FISH was significantly related to shorter progression-free survival (P=0.04) and overall survival (P=0.01). In contrast, there was no difference in clinical outcomes according to MET intensity of IHC. Patients harboring MET amplification by FISH were associated with poor clinical outcomes compared to those with T790M mutation at progression.Conclusion: These results suggest that FISH is more informative than IHC for identification of patients with MET amplification as an EGFR TKI resistance mechanism. Given the poor outcome in patients who developed MET amplification, combinational trials with more active MET inhibitor are needed to overcome resistance.
Robust Attitude Coordination Control for Spacecraft Formation Flying Under Actuator Failures

This paper examines attitude coordination control for spacecraft formation flying. A class of distributed adaptive fault-tolerant attitude coordination control laws is proposed. The proposed control laws do not require online identification of failures. Using the Lyapunov approach and graph theory, it is shown that the control laws guarantee a group of spacecraft that simultaneously track a common time-varying reference attitude, even when the reference attitude is available only to a subset of the members of a group. Finally, numerical simulation is presented to show that the distributed controller is successful in achieving high-attitude tracking and synchronization performance, even in the presence of an unknown mass moment of inertia matrix, bounded external disturbances, actuator failures, and control saturation limits.
MONETARY POLICY AND INSURANCE SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT The study empirically examines the effect of monetary policy on the performance of insurance sector in Nigeria for the period 1985 to 2021. The error correction model (ECM) and the cointegration econometric technique were employed for the estimation of the short run and long run relationship. The empirical findings revealed that in the short run, all the hypothesized monetary policy variables (monetary policy rate, cash reserve ratio, reserve requirement, minimum rediscount rate, money supply and interest rate) failed the 5 percent significance level, suggesting that they do not have significant effect on insurance sector performance in Nigeria in the short run. On the other hands, the results of the long run model indicate that monetary policy rate, cash reserve ratio and minimum rediscount rate have significant positive relationship with insurance sector performance. However, those of reserve requirement, money supply and interest rate do not have significant relationship with the performance of insurance sector in Nigeria within the period of investigation. The study recommends among others that since the result from the study has shown that Monetary policy rate significantly impact insurance performance, it therefore follows that activities of insurance firms as well as their overall performance can be adversely impacted by monetary policy decisions if not proactively prepared for and responded to. To this end, management should evolve appropriate strategy that would enable them proactively tackle unfavourable business environment resulting in macroeconomic risks in order to avoid adverse operating losses.
Assessment of the relationship between soil properties in an old tree line and its relation to tree density and tree trunk circumference

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is known as a vital ecosystem service, resulting from interactions of ecological processes. It is important for its contributions to food production, mitigation, and adaptation to climate change. In this study, we investigated the relationship between tree density and tree trunk circumference with the soil chemical properties in the small tree line area located in Józsefmajor, Hungary. The interrelation between different chemical soil properties also was measured. For this purpose, samples were taken in 24 plots (6 m×13m) from 0–10 soil depths. Tree density and tree trunk circumference in each plot were measured. The Near-Infrared spectroscopy technique (Wavelength Range: 1300–2600nm MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) technology) was used to estimate the chemical properties of the soil. Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis was applied to study the interrelationships between two multivariate data sets, tree density and trunk circumference were compared with soil properties. The results showed a significant relationship between some soil chemical parameters, especially between soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N and also the cation exchange capacity (CEC) with SOC and total N. Besides, this study shows that the plots containing more trees and with a higher trunk circumference provide higher SOC and total N concentrations. Trunk circumference has a slightly stronger correlation with these two soil properties compared to those of tree density.
Likely Electromagnetic Foundations of Gender Inequality

Cross-country variation of gender inequality is attributed to cultural, evolutionary, epidemiological, social, and psychological variables, but recent research has shown decreased inequality with proximity to the poles, suggesting that such variables may convey effects of electromagnetics and climate. This study evaluated two mediation models across 98 countries. In the successful model, ultraviolet radiation impaired cognitive performance with the final result of increasing gender inequality; cross-cultural research should pay attention to this three-part connection and specify the process in greater detail. Additionally, gender inequality emerged directly related to ultraviolet radiation with positive sign, suggesting actions of testosterone; field and laboratory studies that address the specific mediating roles of sex hormones are needed. Pathogen prevalence and the ACP1*B allele played complementary roles that are consistent with the literature. The model was robust to post-1500 European ancestry and the radiation – cognitive performance – gender inequality nexus, but not other paths, were reliable across continents.
Theory of Ultrasonic Delay Lines for Direct‐Current Pulse Transmission

A unified analysis of ultrasonic delay lines is presented with particular attention paid to the characteristics of direct‐current pulse transmission. The analysis can be applied to any delay line, whether piezoelectric or magnetostrictive, regardless of whether the mode of transmission is longitudinal, shear, or torsional, as long as the motion is adequately described by the one‐dimensional theory on which the equivalent circuits are based.Characteristics in the time domain are obtained in terms of the time‐shift operators of Laplace transform calculus. This makes it possible to easily obtain the output waveform for any arbitrary input. Three transducer configurations are discussed; namely, a line with transducers in the middle of the delay medium (Case A), a line with one of the transducers at the free end of the delay medium (Case B) and a line with transducers at both free ends of the delay medium (Case C). The latter two configurations are especially useful for a delay line made of a ferrite or piezoel.
Sensory Involvement in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Although amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is pre-eminently a motor disease, the existence of non-motor manifestations, including sensory involvement, has been described in the last few years. Although from a clinical perspective, sensory symptoms are overshadowed by their motor manifestations, this does not mean that their pathological significance is not relevant. In this review, we have made an extensive description of the involvement of sensory and autonomic systems described to date in ALS, from clinical, neurophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, functional, and molecular perspectives.
Clinical features and outcomes of epidermolysis bullosa in thai children: A 20-Year review from a Tertiary Care Center

Background: Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a heterogeneous genetic disorder with skin fragility. Only a few cases have been reported in Thailand. This study aims to determine the clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of EB stratified by subtype. Methods: A retrospective single-center study of EB patients at the Dermatology Unit, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, was reviewed from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2021. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations and some skin biopsies. Results: There were 38 enrolled patients, age range from 0 to 25 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. Family history of EB and consanguineous marriage were found in 6 cases and 2 cases, respectively. The most common type of EB was dystrophic EB (DEB) (26 cases) (68.4%), including recessive DEB in 15 cases (39.5%) and dominant DEB in 11 cases (28.9%). Other types were EB simplex in 10 cases (26.3%) and junctional EB in 2 cases (5.3%). Common complications were cutaneous bacterial infection (39.5%), anemia (31.6%), failure to thrive (18.4%), and protein energy malnutrition (15.8%). Musculoskeletal (21.1%), gastrointestinal (13.2%), and eye complications (7.9%) were exclusively found in DEB. Nineteen patients (50%) received regular follow-ups with a median duration of 9 months (range = 0.5 to 248 months). The mortality rate was 31.6% (6/19). Five cases died from bacterial sepsis, while one case died from metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: DEB is the most common type of EB in Thai children, and bacterial sepsis is the predominant cause of death. Further multicenter and molecular genetic studies are recommended for a definite diagnosis.
Sampling Theorems of Wavelet Subspaces with M Band in Higher Dimensions

Sampling theorem has a key role in signal processing and image processing. In this paper, the scaling functions with cardinal property are discussed in the dimensions and their symmetry property is classified. Therefore, sampling theorems of wavelet subspaces are obtained. Then, the cardinal orthogonal scaling function with cardinal property is characterized in the dimensions and an equation between the highpass filter coefficients and wavelet samples are got. The existing results are generalized to the case of M band.