Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Effects of Magnetic Water and Yeast Supplementation (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on Broilers

This study was conducted on 40 one-day-old broiler chicks for five weeks to investigate the influence of magnetic water and yeast supplementation ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) on growth performance, haematological parameters, some serum biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and antioxidant, as well as some inflammatory markers. The chicks were divided into four equal groups, as follows: GI: free from water additives, G II: supplied with magnetic water, G III: supplied with yeast as water additives in dose 0.8g/L daily and G IV: supplied with combination of magnetic water and yeast in dose 0.8 g/L daily. Our findings revealed that body weight and weight gain did not differ significantly among different groups. The magnetic and yeast groups had significantly lower feed intake and feed conversion ratios, while the combination group had no obvious variation in feed intake matched to the control one. The RBCs count, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC levels did not differ significantly among different groups. The WBCs count increased significantly in the magnetic water and yeast groups, however there was no marked difference in the combination group. ALT reduced significantly in magnetic water, whereas AST did not change significantly in any of the groups. Total proteins, albumin, globulin, glucose, uric acid and creatinine levels did not differ significantly across all groups. Malondialdehyde and GSH showed no statistically significant difference in magnetic water, yeast group, or combination group. IL6 levels increased significantly in the magnetic water and yeast groups, but not in the combination group. IL10 concentrations were markedly lower in the magnetic water and yeast groups, but not in the combination group. It is possible to conclude that using magnetic water and yeast improved growth performance while having no toxic effect in broiler chicken.
Quality appraisal of clinical practice guidelines for motor neuron diseases or related disorders using the AGREE II instrument

Objectives This study aimed to systematically assess the quality of CPGs for motor neuron diseases (MNDs) or related disorders and identify the gaps that limit evidence-based practice. Methods Four scientific databases and six guideline repositories were searched for eligible CPGs. Three researchers assessed the eligible CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II instrument. The distribution of the level of evidence and strength of recommendation of these CPGs were determined. The univariate regression analysis was used to explore the characteristic factors affecting the quality of CPGs. Results Fifteen CPGs met the eligibility criteria: 10 were for MND and 5 were for spinal muscular atrophy. The mean overall rating score was 44.5%, and only 3 of 15 CPGs were of high quality. The domains that achieved low mean scores were applicability (24.4%), rigor of development (39.9%), and stakeholder involvement (40.3%). Most recommendations were based on low-quality evidence and had a weak strength. The CPGs that were updated, meant for adults, and evidence based, and used a CPG quality tool and a grading system were associated with higher scores in certain specific domains and overall rating. Conclusion The overall quality of CPGs for MNDs or related disorders was poor and recommendations were largely based on low-quality evidence. Many areas still need improvement to develop high-quality CPGs, and the use of CPG quality tools should be emphasized. A great deal of research on MNDs or related disorders is still needed to fill the large evidence gap.
The Benefits of Increased Space and Habitat Complexity for the Welfare of Zoo-Housed King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus)

Simple Summary Habitat design influences every aspect of welfare for captive animals, including the sensory milieu, opportunities to forage for food, the ability to make choices about where to engage in species-typical behaviors, and the opportunity to regulate proximity to other animals sharing a space. Moving a group of animals from one designed space to another provides an opportunity to observe how their behavior is shaped by habitat design features. In this study, we observed the behavior of ten king penguins as they were transferred back and forth between two habitats at the Detroit Zoo. The Penguinarium, although state of the art for its time, opened in 1968 and offered less space and complexity than the naturalistic, expansive Polk Penguin Conservation Center (PPCC), which opened in 2016. These penguins spent more time swimming when they had access to the substantially larger pool of the PPCC. They also engaged in more positive social behaviors, such as species-typical displays and allopreening, and fewer aggressive behaviors in the PPCC. The results support a positive connection between the design of the PPCC and improved welfare for these king penguins. Abstract Zoos and aquariums accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums embrace animal welfare as a foundational principle of habitat design. Modern habitats are designed to provide animals with choices and agency over their environment, and to encourage species-appropriate behavior and space use. In 2016, the Detroit Zoological Society opened the Polk Penguin Conservation Center, a 3065.80 m2 facility that features a naturalistic design. The building was designed to optimize animal welfare by incorporating various substrates, nesting sites, and a 1234 kL pool with elements of underwater complexity. The facility houses a mixed-species group of penguins that were previously housed in a smaller habitat that opened in 1968. Between 2015 and 2022, we opportunistically monitored the behavior of ten king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) as they moved back and forth between the two buildings while additional modifications were made to the new habitat. We collected 695 h of behavioral observations and 10,416 h of data from flipper-mounted time–depth recorders. We found that the king penguins spent less time engaged in aggression and more time engaged in swimming and positive social behaviors in the redesigned space. They also spent less time in proximity to other species of penguins and more time alone. These behavioral trends suggest that increased space and environmental complexity had positive welfare benefits for these penguins.
Identifying Risk Factors Associated with Major Complications and Refractory Course in Patients with Osteomyelitis of the Jaw: A Retrospective Study

Despite improved knowledge regarding the diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw (OMJ), it remains a clinical challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with severe forms of OMJ, i.e., related to the occurrence of major complications or the refractory course of the disease. A retrospective study was performed based on the medical records of all patients diagnosed with OMJ from the past 20 years. Collected data included demographic information, medical and dental history, clinical, radiological, and bacterial findings as well as treatment modalities. The main outcome variables were the onset of major complications and treatment results. Fifty-four patients were included. Our results showed that alcohol and smoking habits, as well as malnutrition, were significantly associated with the occurrence of major complications. We also established that dental implant-induced OMJ should be considered an aggressive subtype of OMJ. Finally, clinical bone exposure was significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes, whereas dental causes or radiological evidence of periosteal reaction were predictive of successful outcomes. Identifying such factors could be useful in preventing serious complications and informing patients about the refractory course of the disease based on the presence of these factors.
Acoustic characteristics of the obstruent and nasal geminates in the Ikema dialect of Miyako Ryukyuan

Ikema, an endangered Miyako Ryukyuan dialect spoken in the Miyako islands in Okinawa, Japan, is characterized by a set of voiced/voiceless geminates in both wordinitial and medial positions. While the geminates /tt ff ss vv zz tts/ appear in initial and medial positions (/tta/ ‘tongue’, /ffa/ ‘child’, /ssa/ ‘grass’, /vva/ ‘you’, /zzu/ ‘fish’, /avva/ ‘oil’), the geminate /dd/ occurs only in medial position (/badda/ ‘side’). As for nasal geminates, one ‘regular’ type appears in word-initial and medial positions (/nna/ ‘spiral shell’, /kannai/ ‘thunder’) while the other occurs only in initial position as a ‘half voiceless nasal’, that is, the first part of the nasal is a voiceless fricative homorganic to the second voiced part (/nna/ ‘rope’, /mmu/ ‘cloud’). The paper provides an acoustic description of these geminates, complementary to an earlier rt-MRI study on obstruent geminates by Fujimoto and Shinohara. In the acoustic study, we used oscillograms and spectrograms to analyze sets of real words uttered several times in isolation by five native speakers. Our findings confirmed firstly longer closure duration for plosives, affricates and nasal stops, and longer frication noise for fricatives in geminates compared to singletons, and secondly, full voicing of voiced geminates. The full voicing may be a consequence of pharyngeal expansion seen during voiced geminate constriction in our preceding MRI study. A third finding was the shorter VOT for the geminate voiceless plosive (/tt/) compared to its singleton counterpart. This corresponds to the faster transition from the geminate consonants to the following vowel found in the MRI study. Fourthly, we found that the voiceless friction part of a ‘half voiceless geminate nasal’ is not long enough to fill a half length of a whole geminate as it lasts only for a short duration. Finally, moraic rather than syllabic timing pattern was recognized.
The impact of renewable energy on economic growth in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)

ABSTRACT The past decade has seen an increase in renewable energy sources in the energy mix due to global environmental and supply security concerns. This paper aimed to investigate renewable energy effects on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP). The investigation is from 1988 to 2018, using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), Nonlinear ARDL (NARDL), and fully modified OLS (FMOL) techniques. Based on empirical analyses of ARDL and FMOLS, it was found that both renewable and nonrenewable energies have a positive impact on economic growth in the Southern African power pool. However, the NARDL estimation indicates that neither renewable nor nonrenewable energy has a significant effect on economic growth in Southern African power pool. Therefore, based on the findings from both ARDL and FMOLS, the growth hypothesis is supported regarding the connection between renewable energy and economic growth in the Southern Africa power pool. Centered on the results, some policy implications were drawn for SAPP for sustainable economic growth, which includes measures to increase renewable energy in the energy mix, and also to encourage the optimization of cross-border connections where energy production from countries within SAPP that are not restricted by natural resources can be relied on to export sustainable energy. Additionally, building a more sustainable integrated power system in the region will assist SAPP with sustainable energy access and reduce the dependence on nonrenewable energy within the interconnected countries soon.
Technical design note: differential infrared thermography of methane jets

In this note a novel approach for temperature measurements of methane jets is presented. Differential infrared thermography (DIT) is a contactless, tracer-free temperature determination method for semi-transparent objects, based on an infrared camera. DIT does not rely on a specific a priori value for the emissivity, but typically assumes constant emissivity within the relevant wavelength band. This is reasonable for complex hydrocarbons (i.e. as in liquid fuel sprays) but no longer justified for the discrete absorption spectrum of simple molecules such as methane. An alternative approximation is suggested and discussed, and the feasibility of DIT for the study of supercritical methane jets in a pressure chamber at conditions relevant for internal combustion engines is demonstrated. As DIT also determines the gas emissivity, a combined two-dimensional temperature and projected density visualisation becomes possible and is shown to highlight supersonic structurues such as Mach disks.
Simulations of Polarimetric, X-Band Radar Signatures in Supercells. Part II: ZDR Columns and Rings and KDP Columns

AbstractA high-resolution numerical model and polarimetric forward operator allow one to examine simulated convective storms from the perspective of observable polarimetric radar quantities, enabling a better comparison of modeled and observed deep moist convection. Part I of this two-part study described the model and forward operator used for all simulations and examined the structure and evolution of rings of reduced copolar cross-correlation coefficient (i.e., ρhv rings). The microphysical structure of upward extensions of enhanced differential reflectivity (ZDR columns and ZDR rings) and enhanced specific differential phase (KDP columns) near and within the updrafts of convective storms serve as the focus of this paper. In general, simulated ZDR columns are located immediately west of the midlevel updraft maximum and are associated with rainwater lofted above the 0°C level and wet hail/graupel, whereas ZDR rings are associated with wet hail located near and immediately east of the midlevel updraft ma.
Strategic Leadership Analysis of School Principal to Improve Learning Quality

To create a good quality of generation, education must be carried out from an early age, in this case through Early Childhood Education (PAUD), namely education aimed at children from birth to the age of six. Quality education is not only seen from the quality of its graduates, but also includes how schools are able to meet customer needs in accordance with applicable quality standards. Principals are required to have the right leadership and strategy to increase the professionalism of teaching staff in their schools, so they are able to create a conducive school climate, provide advice to school members, provide encouragement to all teaching staff and implement an interesting learning model. In addition to carrying out its functions, the principal has the task of developing a strategy and mission so that he knows which way to go and knows how to get there in order to achieve the operational goals of an educational institution. In improving the quality of education the principal must improve the quality of a teacher in order to achieve a better quality of education. Make a program in one academic year, in the form of an annual program and a semester program. Adding infrastructure so that the teaching and learning process can run well.
Modulation of brain activity with low intensity focused ultrasound

Devant l'impact des maladies neurodegeneratives sur la societe, les therapies par ultrasons focalises apparaissent comme des techniques prometteuses combinant non invasivite, precision spatiale millimetrique et capacite d'atteindre les structures profondes du cerveau. Cependant, des travaux sont encore necessaires pour renforcer les effets de la neuromodulation, comprendre les mecanismes sous-jacents et controler la surete de la technique avant d'entreprendre des essais cliniques. Dans cette these, la propagation des ultrasons dans le cerveau de rongeurs et de singes a ete etudiee numeriquement afin d'estimer l'intensite acoustique dans le cerveau, la repartition spatiale des ondes dans la boite crânienne et l'elevation de temperature. Afin d'evaluer physiologiquement les effets des ultrasons a l'echelle cellulaire, l'activite de neurones uniques a ete mesuree sur des macaques eveilles pendant une neuromodulation ultrasonore. Puis, la duree de l’effet de modulation a ete augmentee grâce a une prolongation du tir sur des singes executant une tâche visuelle. L'imagerie fonctionnelle par IRM a ensuite permis de faire ressortir des changements de connectivite entre l'aire stimulee et des regions du cerveau eloignees.Enfin, les avantages de la neurostimulation par ultrasons ont ete combines avec l'efficacite d'un agent neuroactif. En utilisant des microbulles conjointement aux ultrasons, la barriere hemato-encephalique a ete ouverte localement et reversiblement dans le cortex visuel de macaques anesthesies pour permettre le passage d'un neurotransmetteur inhibiteur dans le cerveau. La baisse d'amplitude des reponses EEG du cortex visuel a des stimuli demontre la faisabilite de la delivrance locale et non invasive de neuromodulateurs dans le cerveau. Ainsi, les parametres ultrasonores ont ete optimises grâce aux simulations numeriques et a des experiences in vivo pour renforcer les effets de neuromodulation tout en controlant les effets indesirables, avec l'objectif de se diriger vers des applications therapeutiques et proposer de nouveaux outils pour des etudes de connectivite cerebrale
Qur’anic readings and verse divisions in 18th-century Banten Qur’ans A.51, W.277 and RAS Arabic 4

ABSTRACT This article examines three Qur’ans that probably hail from 18th-century Banten. The first two, A.51 and W.277, are held in the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia, and the third of which, RAS Arabic 4, is part of the collection at the Royal Asiatic Society in the United Kingdom. It undertakes an analysis of the Qur’anic reading and verse numbering systems applied in these manuscripts, using selected samples from Sūrat al-Kahf to identify the textual relationships between these three Qur’ans. Examination of these three Qur’ans reveals variations in the ways in which each copy treats verse numbering and locates verse endings. On the basis of the textual analysis undertaken here, the author argues that the copyists of Qur’ans A.51, W.277 and RAS Arabic 4 appear to have applied to the respective text a combination of different methods that determined their approach to the reading and verse numbering systems. The Qur’anic textual transmission process is one in which the copyists referred to older copies but also relied on their own knowledge of qirāʾāt literature.
Observer-Based Output Feedback Tracking Consensus for Multi-Agent Systems With Periodic Intermittent Communication and Input Saturation

This paper studies the semi-global tracking consensus problem for general multi-agent networks with input saturation and periodic intermittent communication. The considered problem is solved by proposing an efficient distributed observer-based periodic intermittent control protocol, where the control inputs of follower agents are subjected to saturation. First, a low-gain feedback method is introduced to suppress the input saturation constraint, and the output feedback control protocol for agents are defined based on the algebraic Riccati equation. Next, a state observer is designed to ensure that observer can realize state reconstruction under the condition that the state of agents cannot be measured directly in the process of information interaction. Then, according to the Lyapunov second method and related linear inequalities, the sufficient conditions which are necessary for a state observation system for the coordinated tracking consensus, are defined under the conditions of input saturation and periodic intermittent communication. Finally, a simulation is performed to prove the expectant algorithm.
The Connection Competencies of Pre-service Mathematics Teachers about Geometric Concepts to Daily-life

However, geometry is the area with the most concrete possibility of mathematical topics which contains more abstract concepts, students experience difficulties while understanding. Therefore, the connection of issues with daily life to concrete the subjects and the ability of connecting geometric concepts with daily life of the teachers and pre-service teachers who will teach these subjects become more important. In this study, the geometric concepts of pre-service mathematics teachers along with their ability of connection with daily life will be examined. 79 senior students studying at the Department of Elementary Mathematics Teaching at the Faculty of Education were asked to give examples from daily life of 21 geometric concepts in the Middle School Mathematics Curriculum. The received responses were analyzed with descriptive content analysis. Upon the examination of the answers given, it was observed that students mostly gave examples of what they had learned since primary school and of terms they used in the lessons frequently.
Enhanced Stability of SiZTO TFT Under Positive Voltage and Light Negative Voltage Stress and Modified Hysteresis of the CNTs/SiZTO CMOS Inverter by Si Doping

The property of Si-doped ZnSnO (SiZTO) thin film, thin-film transistor (TFT), and associated CMOS inverter has been optimized by Si doping. Under positive voltage and light negative voltage bias stresses, the SiZTO TFT shows a smaller threshold voltage shift (1.5 and 2.2 V, respectively) than that of the ZTO TFT (4.0 and 4.9 V, respectively). The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> hysteresis has reduced from 3.5 V of ZTO TFT to 0.9 V of SiZTO TFT. A good electrical property and stability of SiZTO TFT ensure the construction of high-performance CMOS inverter constructed by SiZTO and solution processed semiconductor single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) TFT. Moreover, by Si doping, the SiZTO-based CMOS inverter has shown a smaller hysteresis of about 0.17 V and a larger voltage gain of about 44.7 than that of undoped ZTO-based CMOS inverter (voltage gain <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>37.5 and hysteresis <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.31 V). The enhanced stability of SiZTO TFT and CMOS inverter is attributed to the suppression of oxygen vacancy by Si doping. This work provides an efficient strategy to improve the electrical and stability of ZTO/CNTs CMOS inverter and opens a new opportunity for use in wearable electronics and logic circuits.