Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imaging patients with psychosis and a mouse model establishes a spreading pattern of hippocampal dysfunction and implicates glutamate as a pathogenic driver

SUMMARY The hippocampus in schizophrenia is characterized by both hypermetabolism and reduced size. It remains unknown whether these abnormalities are mechanistically linked. Here, in addressing these questions we used MRI tools that can map hippocampal metabolism and structure in patients and mouse models. In at-risk patients, hypermetabolism was found to begin in CA1 and spread to the subiculum after psychosis onset. CA1 hypermetabolism at baseline predicted hippocampal atrophy, which occured during progression to psychosis, most prominently in similar regions. Next, we used ketamine to model conditions of acute psychosis in mice. Acute ketamine reproduced a regional pattern of hippocampal hypermetabolism, while repeated exposure shifted the hippocampus to a hypermetabolic state with concurrent atrophy and pathology in parvalbumin-expressing interneurons. Parallel in vivo experiments using LY379268 and direct measurements of extracellular glutamate showed that glutamate drives both neuroimaging abnormalities. These findings show that hippocampal hypermetabolism baseline and the most significant morphologic shape change across the transition to psychosis found in left anterior hippocampal body CA1. To confirm this spatiotemporal relationship, we tested the association of baseline hippocampal CBV along the long axis to subsequent hippocampal volume change. Higher baseline CBV values in left CA1 in the anterior hippocampal body
Transposon-Mediated Amikacin Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniaet

A multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain isolated from neonates in Mendoza, Argentina, harbored a 48-kilobase-pair (kbp) plasmid, pMET1, with genetic determinants for resistance to amikacin and also ampicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and tobramycin. This plasmid was compared with pJHCMW1, a previously isolated 11-kbp plasmid carrying transposon Tn1331, which encodes resistance to amikacin, as well as ampicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and tobramycin, and which was originally present in a K. pneumoniae strain that caused an outbreak in a hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The comparison demonstrated that the replication regions of the two plasmids are unrelated. However, in pMET1 an ll-kbp transposition element, Tnl331.2, was identified; it was closely related to Tn1331, with the difference that a 3-kbp BamHI DNA fragment carrying the aminoglycoside resistance genes was duplicated in tandem.
aPKC is A Key Polarity Molecule Coordinating the Function of Three Distinct Cell Polarities during Collective Migration

Apical-basal polarity is a hallmark of epithelia and it needs to be remodeled when epithelial cells undergo morphogenetic cell movements. Here, we use border cells in Drosophila ovary to address how the apical-basal polarity is remodeled and turned into front-back, apical-basal and inside-outside polarities, during collective migration. We find that Crumbs (Crb) complex is required for the generation of the three distinct but inter-connected cell polarities of border cells. Specifically, Crb complex, together with Par complex and the endocytic recycling machinery, ensures a strict distribution control of two distinct populations of aPKC at the inside apical junction and near the outside lateral membrane respectively. Interestingly, aPKC distributed near the outside lateral membrane interacts with Tiam1/Sif and promotes the Rac-induced protrusions, whereas alteration of the aPKC distribution pattern changed protrusion formation pattern, leading to disruption of all three polarities. Therefore, we demonstrate that aPKC, spatially controlled by Crb complex, is a key polarity molecule coordinating the generation of three distinct but inter-connected cell polarities during collective migration. D ev el o pm en t • A cc ep te d m an us cr ip t
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement of Failed Surgically Implanted Bioprostheses

BACKGROUND Valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been shown to be feasible, yet the safety and ef ﬁ cacy in relation to native valve (NV) TAVR are not known. OBJECTIVES This study sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ViV TAVR for failed surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) by comparing it with the benchmark of NV TAVR. METHODS Patients who underwent ViV-TAVR (n ¼ 1,150) were matched 1:2 (on sex, high or extreme risk, hostile chest or porcelain aorta, 5-m-walk time, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality for reoperation) to patients undergoing NV-TAVR (n ¼ 2,259). Baseline characteristics, procedural data, and in-hospital outcomes were obtained from the Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry. The 30-day and 1-year outcomes were obtained from linked Medicare administrative claims data. RESULTS Unadjusted analysis revealed lower 30-day mortality (2.9% vs. 4.8%; p < 0.001), stroke (1.7% vs. 3.0%; p ¼ 0.003), and heart failure hospitalizations (2.4% vs. 4.6%; p < 0.001) in the ViV-TAVR compared with NV-TAVR group. Adjusted analysis revealed lower 30-day mortality (hazard ratio: 0.503; 95% con ﬁ dence interval: 0.302 to 0.839; p ¼ 0.008), lower 1-year mortality (hazard ratio: 0.653; 95% con ﬁ dence interval: 0.505 to 0.844; p ¼ 0.001), and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio: 0.685; 95% con ﬁ dence interval: 0.500 to 0.939; p ¼ 0.019) in the ViV-TAVR group. Patients in the ViV-TAVR group had higher post-TAVR mean gradient (16 vs. 9 mm Hg; p < 0.001), but less moderate or severe aortic regurgitation (3.5% vs. 6.6%; p < 0.001). Post-TAVR gradients were highest in small SAVRs and stenotic SAVRs. to a safe
[Re] Learning Neural PDE Solvers with Convergence Guarantees ICLR Reproducibility Challenge 2019

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are differential equationswhich contain a-priori unkown multivariable functions and their partial derivatives. They are used to model various physical phenomena, such as heat, fluid dynamics or quantum mechanics. There are several numerical methods to solve PDEs. A common one is the finite-difference method (FDM), which approaches the differential equation by discretizing the problem space and converting the PDE to a system of linear equations. The obtained linear system can be solved using an iterative procedure which updates the solution until convergence is reached. The original paper proposes to use machine learning techniques in order to find high performing update rules instead of designing them by hand [1], while still guaranteeing convergence. In order to fulfill these requirements the learned solver is an adapted existing standard solver, from which the convergence property is inherited by enforcing that a fixed point of the original solver is a fixed point for the trained solver as well. We stress that the goal is not to find a new solver, but to optimize an existing one. To be precise the learned part operates with the residuals after applying the standard solver. This construction allows application to other existing linear iterative solvers of equivalent design. Since a linear iterative solver can be expressed as a product of convolutional operations, it is not far fetched to use the similar techniques used in deep learning in order to find such an optimal operator. In order to test this approach a solver was trained to solve a 2D Poisson equation on a square-shaped geometry with Dirichlet boundary conditions. This solver is then tested on larger geometries of two shapes and different boundary values. No significant loss of performance was observed; generalization is thus reached. For more information we kindly refer to the original paper [1].
A multi-centre, three-arm, individually randomised, non-inferiority, open trial to compare immediate orally administered, immediate topically administered or delayed orally administered antibiotics for acute otitis media with discharge in children: The Runny Ear Study (REST): study protocol. Trials,

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common painful infection in children, with around 2.8 million cases presenting to primary care in England and Wales annually. Nearly all children who present to their general practitioner (GP) with AOM or AOM with discharge (AOMd) are treated with orally administered antibiotics. These can cause side effects; contribute to the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance, and more rarely, allergic reactions. Alternative treatments, such as an antibiotic eardrops, or ‘ delayed ’ orally administered antibiotics, could be at least as effective and safe as immediate orally administered antibiotics for children with AOMd. Methods/design: REST is a pragmatic, three-arm, individually randomised, non-inferiority trial being conducted in 175 GP practices across the United Kingdom (UK). The study aims to recruit 399 children aged ( ≥ 12 months and < 16 years) presenting to their GP with AOMd. Children will be randomised to one of three arms: immediate ciprofloxacin 0.3% eardrops; delayed orally administered amoxicillin (clarithromycin if penicillin allergic) or immediate orally administered amoxicillin (clarithromycin). Recruitment, including eligibility screening, randomisation and data collection, are conducted using the innovative, TRANSFoRm electronic trial management platform. Integrated within the primary care electronic medical records it provides automatic eligibility checking, part-filling of e-CRFs, study workflow management and routine NHS follow-up data collection. The primary outcome is time to resolution of all significant symptoms and will be collected by the parent using a Symptom Recovery Questionnaire (SRQ). Secondary outcomes, including cost-effectiveness, duration of moderately bad or worse symptoms and repeat AOMd episodes, will be collected at day-14 and at 3 months. Discussion: It is unclear whether prescribing orally administered antibiotics to children with AOMd results in a reduction in symptoms or a shorter duration of illness. The REST trial should allow us to compare the non-inferiority of: immediate topically administered ciprofloxacin ear drops, or delayed orally administered amoxicillin (clarithromycin) against immediate orally administered amoxicillin (clarithromycin). We aim to recruit 399 patients from 175 practices in the UK. Using the TRANSFoRm software to randomise participants to the trial will enable recruitment for a relatively uncommon condition.
PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS UNDER ART IN KASKI DISTRICT IN NEPAL: QUALITY OF LIFE AND RELATED FACTORS

: Background: Assessing quality of life is an important aspect of clinical practice. HIV not only affects the physical well-being of an individual but also the overall Quality of life (QoL). The assessment of QoL is more important to understanding how the people’s lives are affected by it. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of the HIV/AIDS on the quality of life of the infected individuals in Kaski district of Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 268 individuals attending antiretroviral therapy in ART center in Western regional hospital. Quality of life was evaluated with the help of World Health Organization Quality of life questionnaire (WHO QOL- HIV-BREF). SPSS version 22 was used for the data analysis. Results: People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nepal (PLWHA) were having the poor quality of life in psychological domain of QOL. Marital status ( p -value 0.007), being employed ( p -value 0.002), taking self-care ( p -value <0.001), and CD4 count ( p -value 0.040) were the predictors for having the good QOL in PLWHA. Conclusion: Old age, being unemployed, and low CD4 count were associated with the low QOL. Lowest score in the psychological domain suggested the need of the psychological interventions in order to decrease the discrimination and to improve attitude in PLWHA.
Macro-anatomical and Morphometric Investigation of the Tongue and Lingual Papillae in the Guinea fowl ( Numida meleagridis)

The aim of this study was to investigate the macroanatomy and morphometric of the tongue of the guinea fowl. Six chicks (6-7 weeks), six layer hens (9-13 weeks) and six studs guinea fowl were used to study and determine the anatomical features of the tongue of the guinea fowl. Papillae of the tongue were examined photos of the general anatomic structures were taken. Morphometry was calculated by statistical analysis. The tongue was triangular shaped, and consisted of apex, corpus, and radix sections. The papillae linguales caudales were on both sides of the corpus and radix linguae. Conical papillae were found to be sequentially V shaped at the radix. Thus, in this study, the anatomy and morphometric of the tongue of the guinea fowl tongue were examined in details and the similarities and differences between the tongue of the guinea fowl and the tongue of other poultry species were investigated.
COLOUR AND CRISPNESS ASSESSMENT OF FORTY POTATO VARIETIES FOR PROCESSING INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH

Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh during March to June 2013. It was located in 24.09 0 N latitude and 90.26 0 E longitudes. The forty varieties of potato tubers namely- ‘Granola’, ‘Diamant’, ‘Raja’, ‘Lady Rosetta’, ‘Binella’, ‘Jerla’, ‘Dheera’, ‘Elgar’, ‘Agila’, ‘Dura’, ‘Sagitta’, ‘Saikat’, ‘Patrones’,
Studying Dynamics of Multi-Agent Learning in Networks by SIMA

Artificial networks mining and analysis is one of the most recent and interesting area of research due to the explosion growth of this type of networks which is seen every where in our modern life. In the last few years few attempts have emerged to explain the behaviors of agents in artificial networks and to optimize performance using policies learning and adaption methodology or optimizing the overall -organization techniques. In most of the previous re -depth analysis was difficult due to lack of enhanced and improved visualization and analysis tools. In this thesis, the main purpose of the study was to investigate the dynamics of learning in scale free artificial networks (multi -agent system in particular) of diffe rent sizes, over different periods of time and using different game theory models. Using Dynamic Network Visualization and Analysis tool (DNVA); three case studies were studied. Observations post to each case study have been made and key results have been formulated based on them. The result of the study showed that different parameters used in a network for example, (size of the network, time and interaction period between agents) have significant effect on the behavior of the artificial network. Also, the study discovered the reasons behind two observations that were reported in previous research. Finally, the study of this thesis revealed issues of interest to the researchers in the filed which is the similarity in factors affecting the cooperation behavior in social and artificial networks.
The Low Volatility Anomaly Put To The Test

The volatility anomaly is present in the time period 1963-2019 and robust over time and robust to methodological choices and assumptions. Using a methodology with value-weighted returns and NYSE breakpoints to form portfolios, the low volatility portfolio performs equally well in terms of return and outperforms the high volatility portfolio in terms of Sharpe Ratio. This result shows up in all size groups except for the biggest 20% of stocks, where the low volatility portfolio underperforms in terms of returns but still outperforms in terms of Sharpe Ratio. The anomaly has gotten stronger over time, with the anomaly first appearing in the 1980s. Although certain methodological choices affect the results, the anomaly is still present in different settings. The anomaly is robust to choice of portfolio size (10 or 5 portfolios), is present whether the returns are winsorized or not, becomes stronger after including penny stocks but is also very much present without these penny stocks, is robust to choice of volatility measure (past 3-year volatility or IVOL) and is a distinct effect from Beta.
University of Birmingham Contribution of physician assistants/associates to secondary care

Objective To appraise and synthesise research on the impact of physician assistants/associates (PA) in secondary care, specifically acute internal medicine, care of the elderly, emergency medicine, trauma and orthopaedics, and mental health. Design Systematic review. setting Electronic databases (Medline, Embase, ASSIA, CINAHL, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Social Policy and Practice, EconLit and Cochrane), reference lists and related articles. Included articles Peer-reviewed articles of any study design, published in English, 1995–2017. Interventions Blinded parallel processes were used to screen abstracts and full text, data extractions and quality assessments against published guidelines. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Outcome measures Impact on: patients’ experiences and outcomes, service organisation, working practices, other professional groups and costs. results 5472 references were identified and 161 read in full; 16 were included—emergency medicine (7), trauma and orthopaedics (6), acute internal medicine (2), mental health (1) and care of the elderly (0). All studies were observational, with variable methodological quality. In emergency medicine and in trauma and orthopaedics, when PAs are added to teams, reduced waiting and process times, lower charges, equivalent readmission rate and good acceptability to staff and patients are reported. Analgesia prescribing, operative complications and mortality outcomes were variable. In internal medicine outcomes of care provided by PAs and doctors were equivalent. Conclusions PAs have been deployed to increase the capacity of a team, enabling gains in waiting time, throughput, continuity and medical cover. When PAs were compared with medical staff, reassuringly there was little or no negative effect on health outcomes or cost. The difficulty of attributing cause and effect in complex systems where work is organised in teams is highlighted. Further rigorous evaluation is required to address the complexity of the PA role, reporting on more than one setting, and including comparison between PAs and roles for which they are substituting.
Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Cipro oxacin and Lidocaine Improve Wound Healing in Deep Second Degree Burns and Reduce in Vitro Cipro oxacin Cytotoxicity in Fibroblasts

María Florencia Sanchez Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba María Laura Guzman Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Jesica Flores-Martín Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica and Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), CONICET Mariano Cruz Del Puerto Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica and Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), CONICET Carlos Laino Instituto Nacional de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CENIIT), Universidad de La Rioja Elio Andres Soria Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Susana Genti-Raimondi Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica and Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), CONICET María Eugenia Olivera (  eugenia.olivera@unc.edu.ar ) Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Secure Dynamic Access Control Mechanism for Shared Wireless Sensor Networks

—Researchers and organizations from various disciplines are interested in using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for their research and applications. However, deploying a sensor network of their own is a difﬁcult task for these communities due to high deployment and maintenance cost. Therefore, the concept of Shared Wireless Sensor Network (SWSN) with multiple base stations is getting popular among these communities. Nevertheless, providing shared access for WSN has given rise to different set of problems such as handling dynamic nature of user privileges, attacks from forged base stations and malicious users. In this paper, we propose a mechanism that can overcome challenges and problems related to access controlling in a SWSN. It uses both symmetric and public key cryptography with an effective key management scheme to ensure the security of the system. Although enforcing this mechanism on a SWSN consumes some energy for communication and processing at the node, it decreases energy for sensing as nodes execute only the queries of authorized users. Since proposed access control scheme is deployed at the node level, each node processes access control individually. Consequently, failure of a node does not cause impact on total access controlling process. We implemented and evaluated this access control mechanism as an enhancement to the TikiriDB data abstraction layer which runs on Contiki development environment.
Importance of the (cid:1) -Aminobutyric Acid B Receptor C-Termini for G-Protein Coupling

Functional (cid:1) -aminobutyric acid B (GABA B ) receptors assemble from two subunits, GABA B(1) and GABA B(2). This heteromerization, which involves a C-terminal coiled-coil interaction, en- sures efficient surface trafficking and agonist-dependent G-protein activation. In the present study, we took a closer look at the implications of the intracellular C termini of GABA B(1) and GABA B(2) for G-protein coupling. We generated a series of C-terminal mutants of GABA B(1) and GABA B(2) and tested them for physical interaction, surface trafficking, coupling to adenylyl cyclase, and G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells as well as on endogenous calcium channels in sympathetic neurons of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). We found that the C- terminal interaction contributes only partly to the heterodimeric assembly of the subunits, indicating the presence of an addi- tional interaction site. The described endoplasmic reticulum retention signal within the C terminus of GABA B(1) functioned only in the context of specific amino acids, which constitute part of the GABA B(1) coiled-coil sequence. This finding may provide a link between
Evaluating spaceborne tropospheric ozone time series with sonde data

iii List of Acronyms . v List of Tables . v List of Figures . vii