Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus Induces Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression and Is Attenuated by Interferon in the Developing Brain (cid:1)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is considered the most common infectious agent causing permanent neurological dysfunction in the developing brain. We have previously shown that CMV infects developing brain cells more easily than it infects mature brain cells and that this preference is independent of the host B- and T-cell responses. In the present study, we examined the innate antiviral defenses against mouse (m) and human (h) CMVs in developing and mature brain and brain cells. mCMV infection induced interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene expression by 10- to 100-fold in both glia- and neuron-enriched cultures. Treatment of primary brain cultures with IFN- (cid:1) , - (cid:2) , and - (cid:3) or a synthetic RNA, poly(I:C), reduced the number of mCMV-infected cells, both in older cells and in fresh cultures from embryonic mouse brains. When a viral dose that killed almost all unprotected cells was used, IFN-protected cells had a natural appearance, and when they were tested with whole-cell patch clamp recording, they appeared physiologically normal with typical resting membrane po- tentials and action potentials. mCMV infection increased expression of representative IFN-stimulated genes (IFIT3, OAS, LMP2, TGTP, and USP18) in both neonatal and adult brains to similarly large degrees. The robust upregulation of gene expression in the neonatal brain was associated with a much higher degree of viral replication at this stage of development. In contrast to the case for downstream gene induction, CMV upregulated IFN- (cid:1) / (cid:2) expression to a greater degree in the adult brain than in the neonatal brain. Similar to the case with cultured brain cells, IFN treatment of the developing brain in vivo depressed mCMV replication. In parallel work with cultured primary human brain cells, IFN and poly(I:C) treatment reduced hCMV infection and prevented virus-mediated cell death. These results suggest that coupling IFN administration with current treatments may reduce CMV infections in the developing brain.
Optimal Insulin Delivery Optimal Insulin Delivery

Insulin therapy is only effective if it is delivered into the right tissue in the right way. Exogenous insulin is intended for the subcutaneous (SC) tissue, not the muscle or skin. If delivered into the latter, its absorption (pharmacokinetics (PK)) and action (pharmacody - namics (PD)) are unpredictable, which often leads to poor glucose control. Correct insulin therapy begins with matching the insulin to the site used. Typically, four sites are used for insulin injection or infusion: the abdomen lateral to the umbilicus all the way to the flanks, the anterior lateral upper half of the thigh, the deltoid region of the arm, and the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks. Regular insulin and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) are both absorbed more rapidly from the arm and abdominal sites and more slowly from the thigh and buttocks. The newer insulin analogs, both rapid- and slow-acting, do not appear to be influenced by the site used for injection. In order to avoid intramuscular (IM) injections, patients should use the shortest needles currently available (the 4-mm pen needle and the 6-mm syringe needle). Very young children should raise a skin fold and inject into it even when using the 4-mm needle. Giving injections with the 6-mm needle at a 45° angle converts this needle into the equivalent of the 4 mm. Injection sites should be rigorously rotated, with the new injection being approximately 1 cm from previous injec tions. This measure helps prevent the most common complication of injection therapy, lipo - hypertrophy (LH). Injecting into LH leads to unstable PK and PD and deregulated glucose control, manifested as unexpected hypoglycemia, glycemic variability, and elevated HbA1c values. Comprehensive insulin deliver recommendations have recently been published.
INFLUENCE OF DISTILLER'S DRIED GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES ON GROWTH, FEED UTILIZATION AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NILE TILAPIA ( Oreochromis niloticus ) DIETS

: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of inclusion gradual dietary levels of yellow corn distiller dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on productive performance and economic efficiency of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) diets. Two hundred of Nile tilapia fingerlings (average body weight, 12.86 g ± 0.14) were randomly divided into five experimental groups [4 replicates (glass aquaria), 10 fingerlings per each]. Five diets were formulated to contain 0 (basal diet), 5, 10, 20 and 30% DDGS (D 1 , D 2 , D 3 , D 4 and D 5 , respectively) as a partial replacement of the basal diet (D 1 ). Each diet fed to Nile tilapia fingerlings twice daily to apparent satiation for 16 weeks. All dietary levels of DDGS had no significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on average body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index and condition factor. The survival rate was improved with D 5 compared with D 1 . Concerning whole body composition, the crude protein content was high in all dietary levels of DDGS than that with the control diet, while the content of ether extract had the opposite trend. Fish fed diets contained DDGS had better protein productive value (PPV) than those fed the control diet. Incorporation of DDGS in tested diets reduced the feed cost per each gain unit. It could be concluded that the inclusion of DDGS up to the level 30% of diets had economic benefits without any adverse effect on performance of Nile tilapia fish.
Application auto-play media studio (AMS) 8 for learning media of logarithm function

This study aimed to develop a mathematics learning media based on Auto-play Media Studio (AMS 8) by testing the feasibility and at-trac-tiveness of learning media as well as testing the effectiveness of instructional media, especially on topic of logarithmic functions. This re-search was conducted at Senior High School of Al-Huda in South Lampung, Indonesia. This research used development methods with a 4D model from Thiagarajan. The research data was obtained from a questionnaire and tests. The questionnaire validated by the consultants of media experts, was given to students, and a set of questions of the pre-test and post-test were given to the students. The results of the assessment based on learning media of Auto-play Media Studio (AMS) 8 by rating topic expert’s obtained the average value of 85.77% with very good criteria, the assessment of media experts obtained an average value of 87.61% with very good criteria. The responses assessment of students to learning media obtained an average value of 81.27% with very interesting criteria, the effectiveness assessment of learning media with n-gain test using the pre-test and post-test questions on students obtained an average value of 0.71 with high criteria. Based on the analysis data obtained by researchers, it can be concluded that the mathematics learning media based on Auto-play Media Studio (AMS) 8of logarithmic functions topic in high school is interesting and effective to be used as a learning media.
Combining ability analysis for grain yield and its contributing traits in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)

The present studies was conducted at Technology during the crop season 2014-15.It was concluded from nine diverse lines of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) with four broad genetic base testers were crossed in line x tester fashion and evaluated for ten quantitative characters. Analysis of variances for combining ability revealed that variances due to lines x testers showed highly significant differences for all the characters indicating wide spectrum of variation among the genotypes. Based on general combining ability performance for yield and majority of yield components, the RSG 963, Vallabh Hara, C 235, GNG 1581, WCG 9550 and ICC 4958 lines and WCG 3 and Pusa 256 testers were identified as most promising ones to be incorporated in hybridization programme as donor parent for improvement of these characters. For most of the major traits including seed yield both additive and non additive gene action were of prime importance. The present finding revealed that KGD-1161×Pusa-256 was promising cross combination for days to 50% flowering. Similarly, GNG-1581×WCG-3 was good cross combination for early maturity. Although up to certain extent dwarf plant height is a desirable trait for which breeder may select the specific combinations. The crosses namely ICC-4958×WCG-3 and C-235×Pusa-1103 showed significant negative SCA effects which might be utilized for selecting dwarf plants. However, on the basis of per se performance and SCA effect, the results indicated that ICC-4958×WCG-3, C-235×Pusa-1103 and C-235× Pusa-256 were the good specific crosses combinations to have a genotype of optimum plant height. Moreover, specific combining ability effects were significant for fifteen crosses. Out of which eight crosses exhibited positive estimates. On the basis of per se performance and SCA effects, three crosses ICC-4958×Pusa-1103, HK-4×Pusa-256 and KGD-1161×WCG-3were most desirable for grain yield per plant as well as some other yield components.
Convergence on filters and simple equicontinuity

Convergence on filters is conceived s replacement for simple uniform convergence [5, Dictionnire]. Besides retaining the notable characteristic of simple uniform convergence, preservation of continuity, the new convergence is intimately related to the linear topological structure of function spces. The first section defines the concept of convergence on filter nd shows that it leads to necessary nd sufficient condition for filter of functions continuous t point x to converge t x to function which is lso continuous there. The second section develops the ssocited uniformity nd shows that the topology of lmost uniform convergence is the special cse of convergence on 11 ultr filters [2], [3]. The lst of the four pplictions given in Section three cn be considered s u localization of the method used in obtaining Stone-(ech compctifiction. Section four presents weakened form of equicontinuity clled simple equicontinuity. The interesting properties which it hs in common with equicontinuity re displayed. It is used to characterize the relatively compact sets for the topology of pointwise convergence in the spce of continuous functions. The result is n nlogue of Ascoli’s theorem [9]. Combining the present result with Ascoli’s theorem leds to nother characterization of compact sets. The last section examines simple equicontinuity in a locally convex linear topological space. It terminates in a strengthened form of the AlaogluBourbaki theorem in which simple equicontinuity replaces equicontinuity [6], [8].
INHIBITION OF TNF α -INDUCIBLE INFLAMMATORY GENES BY IFN γ IS ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED NF- κ B TRANSACTIVATION AND ENHANCED HDAC ACTIVITY.

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells can act as effector cells in the initiation and/or perpetuation of airway inflammation in asthma by producing various inflammatory chemokines or cytokines. Previous studies from our laboratory and others showed that the combination of TNF α and Interferon (IFN) γ or endogenous IFN β results in a synergistic induction of various pro-inflammatory genes (including CD38 and RANTES) in ASM cells. In contrast to these studies, we found that IFN γ (1000 U/ml) markedly inhibits TNF α -induced expression of IL-6, IL-8 and eotaxin by 66.29 ± 3.33%, 43.86 ± 7.11%, and 63.25 ± 6.46%, respectively. These genes were also found to be NF-κ B-dependent as TNF α -induced expression of IL-6, IL-8 and eotaxin was dose-dependently inhibited by the selective IKK β inhibitor BMS-345541 (1-30 µ M). Using a luciferase reporter construct containing κ B sites, we found that IFN γ (10-1000 U/ml) inhibits NF- κ B-dependent gene transcription in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, IFN γ failed to affect TNF α -induced IKK β phosphorylation or I κ B degradation as well as nuclear NF- κ B/DNA interaction. Interestingly, IFN γ decreases TNF α -induced histone acetyl transferase (HAT) and increases histone deacetylase (HDAC) activities. Finally, Trichostatin A, an HDAC inhibitor, prevents IFN γ inhibitory action on TNF α -induced gene expression. Together, our data indicate that IFN γ is a potent inhibitor of specific TNF α -inducible inflammatory genes by acting on NF- κ B-transactivation via the modulation of HDAC function. The purpose of the present study was to assess the suppressive mechanisms of IFN γ on TNF α− inducible pro-asthmatic genes in human ASM cells. We found that IFN γ acts as a potent inhibitor of TNF α -inducible, NF- κ B-sensitive genes including IL-6, IL-8 and eotaxin. TNF α -induced NF- κ B acetylation, transactivation, and HAT function were impaired by IFN γ while HDAC activity was significantly enhanced. TSA, a specific HDAC inhibitor, was able to reverse IFN γ inhibitory effects on TNF α -inducible genes. We therefore propose that IFN γ could negatively regulate expression of proinflammatory genes induced by TNF α by impairing NF- κ B function through transcriptional repression exerted by an increased HDAC activity.
Passive Immunotherapy in Alzheimer’s Disease Passive Immunotherapy in Alzheimer’s Disease

The development of therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been challenged with a myriad of obstacles: an evolving and incomplete understanding of disease etiology and progression, challenges with early diagnosis, multifactorial genetic and environmental factors that contribute to patient variability, and the cost of conducting lengthy clinical trials. One approach that has garnered a significant amount of attention and resources for its potential as a disease modifying approach is passive immunotherapy directed at clearing amyloid-β (Aβ) species, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. While passive immunotherapeutic trials directed at Aβ have not yet demonstrated clinical benefit, they have prompted important advances in the appli - cation and understanding of biomarkers, patient selection, novel functional readouts, and safety monitoring. Application of these lessons has enabled more recent clinical trials to incorporate better trial designs and refine inclusion criteria to optimize patient population enrollment. In addition, new passive immunotherapy targets emerging in the clinic have emerged, as well as novel technologies to enhance future antibody therapeutics. Taken together, the advances in research and clinical science have prepared the passive immunotherapy field to advance emerging promising disease modifying treat ments in AD.
Shared Decision-aking in Emergency Departments: Context Sensitivity hrough Divergent Discourses

Patient-centred care and the empowerment of patients through shared clinical decision-making is a key goal of healthcare systems internationally. The Emergency Department is one of the first opportunities for shared decision-making to occur, with information exchanged between patient and clinician, between clinical disciplines, across the continuum of care, and between clinicians and ancillary departments including radiology and pathology laboratories. The successful development and implementation of sustainable health information technology (HIT) to support shared decision-making in Emergency care requires an understanding of the factors affecting this context. From a purposive, maximum variation sample of clinicians and a convenience sample of patients across three metropolitan and regional Emergency Departments in Australia, we identified three divergent discourses from an in-depth qualitative exploration of issues around shared decision-making. This allowed us to identify unanticipated factors affecting patient-centred care to inform context-sensitive implementation of HIT in the Emergency Department.
Conceptualizing an Attendance Monitoring System for Malaysian Educational Institutions

Absenteeism monitoring is one of the problems faced by many organizations, especially universities. The difficulties to properly manage students’ attendance and its subsequent actions and potential responses to certain problems have caused the underutilization of organizational resources. Therefore, the objective of this study is twofold: first, the study aims to investigate the problems related to absenteeism management among academicians, while secondly, the study also aims to develop an integrated platform for the proper management of absenteeism. To address the research objectives, a study was conducted in two phases: (1) a qualitative study investigating the problems associated with absenteeism management among academicians at Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kelantan, and (2) development of a prototype system based on the rapid application development methodology. Findings show that respondents prefer a user-friendly information system compared to the conventional method. Moreover, the tedious process of absenteeism reporting forced respondents to ignore such reporting; instead, they chose to act on their own. Based on the qualitative findings, four problems were identified; (1) missing of student attendance, (2) difficulty to monitor and track student attendance, (3) difficulties to bring the attendance sheets, and (4) difficulty to download the attendance sheet. These problems are grouped into two themes which are personal and technological. In terms of the application, the result shows that the implementation of a new platform has increased the number of reporting, improved the transparency of the absenteeism process, as well as reduced the number of absenteeism cases. The contributions of this paper are as follows: first, the paper provides insight on the problems associated with absenteeism management in the context of Malaysian educational institutions, and secondly the paper proposes an integrated platform for the absenteeism monitoring process. The implications of the study and future directions for research are outlined.
ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2016), Volume 3, Issue 1, 1122- 1136

A.M. Mansour. Salivary gland hypofunction has a negative impact on the oral tissues. Diabetes mellitus is one of different causes for salivary gland hypofunction. There are many structures in the salivary gland that may have a relation to its hypofunction such as aquaporin-5, which important for transcellular water transport in the salivary glands. It is suggested that the disturbance in aquaporin-5 causes reduction in the salivary secretion. Salivary gland hypofunction also has been associated with inflammation and nitric oxide over production. However glibenclamide is the most common and more safe hypoglycemic drug, it cause unneeded side effects like any other synthetic drugs. For that reason, there is another alternative therapies using herbs and plants. One of the plants that have antidiabetic action is Aloe vera. This study aimed mainly to evaluate the biological effect of Aloe vera on the submandibular salivary gland in streptozotocin induced diabetic white albino rats. sixty-two albino rats were divided into four groups: I) control group, II) diabetic group without any treatment, III) diabetic group + Aloe vera, IV) diabetic group + glibanclamide. Induction of diabetes was done by single intrapritoneal injection of streptozotocin. Then blood glucose levels and body weight were measured, submandibular salivary glands were isolated, and immunohistochemical for inducible nitric oxide synthase and aquaporin-5 were done. The Aloe vera treated group showed, at the end of experiment, decrease in the blood glucose level, and nearly normal body weight, and immunohistochemically, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and aquaporin-5 expression were not significantly changed compared to control group.
PRBM_A_298948 345..354

1Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; 2Department of Statistics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; 3Department of Psychology, FAE University, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; 4High Institute of Health Sciences, Maputo, Mozambique Purpose: This study aimed to validate the Portuguese version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and investigate its association with sociodemographic and pandemicrelated variables in the population of Mozambique. Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey recruited 387 Mozambicans aged 18 to 70 years. The psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the FCV-19S were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis and Rash analysis. Additionally, the association of the FCV-19S with sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables was investigated using the two-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression. Results: The unidimensional factor structure of the Portuguese version of the FCV-19S was confirmed, and the scale showed good internal consistency reliability. The FCV-19S properties tested from the Rasch analysis were satisfactory. Women and those with lower education levels had higher scores of fear. Moreover, significantly higher levels of fear were observed among those being in an at-risk group for COVID-19, having family members or friends diagnosed or with death confirmed by COVID-19, and not being confident that they would receive adequate care from the public health services in case of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The Portuguese version of FCV-19S has strong psychometric properties and can be used to assess the fear of COVID-19 in the Portuguese-speaking population of Mozambique. As the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health represents a challenge to clinical psychiatry, and information on mental health in African countries is still scarce, our findings may assist in the planning of public mental health policies, aimed mainly at specific segments of the population, such as women and people in extreme poverty.
Properties of the Zero Forcing Number

PROPERTIES OF THE ZERO FORCING NUMBER Kayla Owens Department of Mathematics Master of Science The zero forcing number is a graph parameter first introduced as a tool for solving the minimum rank problem, which is: Given a simple, undirected graph G, and a field F , let S(F,G) denote the set of all symmetric matrices A = [aij ] with entries in F such that aij 6= 0 if and only if ij is an edge in G. Find the minimum possible rank of a matrix in S(F,G). It is known that the zero forcing number Z(G) provides an upper bound for the maximum nullity of a graph. I investigate properties of the zero forcing number, including its behavior under various graph operations.
BENIGN AND MALIGNANT PROSTATIC DISEASES: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE TO ASSESS THE FREQUENCIES

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the frequencies of various histopathological types of prostatic diseases and to assess the grade of the prostate cancer. STUDY DESIGN: A cross sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION: The study was conducted from 1st January 2014 to 31st August 2015 at pathology laboratory of Al Nafees Medical College & Hospital, Islamabad. METHODOLOGY: 170 Prostate specimen including, Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), transvesical prostatectomy (TVP) and Needle biopsies were included in the study. Cases of carcinoma were graded according to Modified Gleason score for diagnostic purpose and to assess the frequency. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 17. Frequencies were calculated in terms of percentages. RESULTS: Out of 170 prostate samples, there were 78.8% Benign and 21.2% malignant cases. All Benign cases were diagnosed as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) i-e 78.8%. The additional findings noted in the benign cases along with BPH were prostatitis in 5.2% cases. There was Acute/chronic prostatitis in 3% cases, Granulomatous prostatitis in 1.5% cases and Eosinophilic prostatitis in 0.7% case. Among the Malignant 21.2% cases, Prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma was seen in 11.1%. Among the malignant cases there were 5.8% cases of Transitional cell carcinoma. All cases of adenocarcinoma were graded by Modified Gleason scoring. Grade 8 (38.2%) was most frequently diagnosed. CONCLUSION: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was the most common pathology followed by prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma.