Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of permeability and microstructure of tight carbonates due to numerical simulation of calcite dissolution

The current study concerns fundamental controls on fluid flow in tight carbonate rocks undergoing CO2 injection. Tight carbonates exposed to weak carbonic acid exhibit order of magnitude changes in permeability while maintaining a nearly constant porosity with respect to the porosity of the unreacted sample. This study aims to determine—if not porosity—what are the microstructural changes that control permeability evolution in these rocks? Given the pore‐scale nature of chemical reactions, we took a digital rock physics approach. Tight carbonate mudstone was imaged using X‐ray microcomputed tomography. We simulated calcite dissolution using a phenomenological numerical model that stands from experimental and microstructural observations under transport‐limited reaction conditions. Fluid flow was simulated using the lattice‐Boltzmann method, and the pore wall was adaptively eroded at a rate determined by the local surface area and velocity magnitude, which we use in place of solvent flux. We identified preexisting, high‐conductivity fluid pathways imprinted in the initial microstructure. Though these pathways comprise a subset of the total connected porosity, they accommodated 80 to 99% of the volumetric flux through the digital sample and localized dissolution. Porosity‐permeability evolution exhibited two stages: selective widening of narrow pore throats that comprised preferential pathways and development and widening of channels. We quantitatively monitored attributes of the pore geometry, namely, porosity, specific surface area, tortuosity, and average hydraulic diameter, which we qualitatively linked to permeability. This study gives a pore‐scale perspective on the microstructural origins of laboratory permeability‐porosity trends of tight carbonates undergoing transport‐limited reaction with CO2‐rich fluid.
Permeability Sensitivity Functions and Rapid Simulation of Hydraulic‐Testing Measurements Using Perturbation Theory

Single‐well pressure‐diffusion simulators enable improved quantitative understanding of hydraulic‐testing measurements in the presence of arbitrary spatial variations of rock properties. Simulators of this type implement robust numerical algorithms which are often computationally expensive, thereby making the solution of the forward modeling problem onerous and inefficient. We introduce a time‐domain perturbation theory for anisotropic permeable media to efficiently and accurately approximate the transient pressure response of spatially complex aquifers. Although theoretically valid for any spatially dependent rock/fluid property, our single‐phase flow study emphasizes arbitrary spatial variations of permeability and anisotropy, which constitute key objectives of hydraulic‐testing operations. Contrary to time‐honored techniques, the perturbation method invokes pressure‐flow deconvolution to compute the background medium's permeability sensitivity function (PSF) with a single numerical simulation run. Subsequently, the first‐order term of the perturbed solution is obtained by solving an integral equation that weighs the spatial variations of permeability with the spatial‐dependent and time‐dependent PSF. Finally, discrete convolution transforms the constant‐flow approximation to arbitrary multirate conditions. Multidimensional numerical simulation studies for a wide range of single‐well field conditions indicate that perturbed solutions can be computed in less than a few CPU seconds with relative errors in pressure of < 5%, corresponding to perturbations in background permeability of up to two orders of magnitude. Our work confirms that the proposed joint perturbation‐convolution (JPC) method is an efficient alternative to analytical and numerical solutions for accurate modeling of pressure‐diffusion phenomena induced by Neumann or Dirichlet boundary conditions.
Micro- and Macroalgae in Meat Products

Technology in the meat industry is advancing to create healthier and more sustainable food. Incorporating micro- and macroalgae into meat products presents an exciting possibility for the meat sector to develop functional food, given that they serve as excellent natural sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds. This review aims to systematically outline the impact of incorporating whole algae and their extracts into various meat products, examining their effects on quality, physicochemical and functional properties, sensory characteristics, and potential for enhancing shelf life. Adding algae to meat products generally increased pH values, with variations influenced by concentration, type, initial pH, and storage time. The protein content was mainly unaffected, except for Nori and Chlorella. Algae contributed to lower moisture and higher ash content due to dietary fiber. While including algae improved water-holding capacity and decreased cooking loss, it often led to increased hardness and chewiness. Algae and their extracts influenced color attributes, with variations based on the algae type. Sensory properties were distinctively affected, generally reducing overall acceptability, although Sea tangle at concentrations of 1–3% showed acceptable scores. Chlorella and Sea tangle positively impacted microbiology during refrigerated storage, while algae and their extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant activity.
Physicochemical and bacteriological assessment of the polyethene packaged sachet water (popularly called “pure water”) as a major source of drinking water in Sagamu, Ogun State, Southwest, Nigeria

This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of polyethylene-packaged sachet water, commonly known as "pure water," produced and distributed in the Sagamu local government area of Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria. The research involved analyzing sachet water samples from various producers, sources, and distributors to assess their quality. Samples were collected randomly from six different locations/towns within Sagamu Local Government and subjected to physicochemical and bacteriological analysis. The findings were compared with the permissible limits established by reputable organizations such as WHO, EPA, Canada, and NIS. The results indicated that most parameters fell within the acceptable range set by WHO, EPA, Canada, and NIS. However, the pH levels of the sachet water samples (ranging from 4.73 to 6.10) were found to be acidic, deviating from the expected range of 6.5 to 10.5. Additionally, while the Total Heterotrophic Bacteria count and Enteric Bacteria count were slightly lower than the permissible limits, with Total Enteric Bacteria ranging from 300 to 480 cfu/100ml (permissible limit <500cfu/100ml) and Enteric Bacteria ranging from 280 to 380 cfu/100ml. Recommendations derived from the study include advocating for water-producing industries to establish their raw water sources in contamination-free zones, encouraging the involvement of well-equipped private and government hospitals in monitoring and reporting on the water quality of packaging industries, promoting the provision of safe piped water by credible individuals within communities, and emphasizing the role of regulatory bodies like SON and NAFDAC in continuously assessing the production and packaging standards of drinking water across communities.
Artificial magnetic disturbance from the mass rapid transit system in Taiwan

An obvious magnetic disturbance has been repeatedly observed by magnetometers located outside of urban areas in Yangmingshan National Park and has affected the monitoring of volcanic activity in the northern region of Taiwan. The disturbance has amplitudes of approximately 3–5 nanoteslas, and regularly appears for approximately 21 hours per day, except during the New Year period, when it is observed continuously for 45 hours. This change coincides with the annual extended operation of the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system. A 750‐volt direct current drives the MRT trains and leaks to the ground, with a maximum value of approximately 1000 amperes measured along the routes. The disturbance is dominated by the unbalanced supply and return currents resulting from the leakage. The daily changes in the magnetic noise levels are correlated with the electricity consumption of the MRT system because the leakage is proportional to the use of electric power.
Conflict Sensitivity and Conservation: Evaluating Design, Implementation & Practice

3 Dedication. 4 Acknowledgements . 5 List of Tables . 12 List of Figures . 13 List of Abbreviations . 14 Chapter 1: Introduction . 16 Project Background . 18 Research Questions . 19 Research Procedures . 20 Research Significance. 21 Dissertation Organization . 22 Chapter 2: A Review of the Literature . 25 The Changing Nature of Conservation . 26 Conservation & Conflict . 28 Conflict Sensitivity . 34 Relevant Critiques of Conflict Sensitivity . 38 Conflict-Sensitive Conservation . 46 Conservation and Conflict Sensitivity: Important Overlap . 50 EVALUATING CONFLICT SENSITIVITY & CONSERVATION 8 Chapter 3: Methodology . 52 Methodology. 53 Action Research . 53 Evaluation . 55 Definition of Terms . 58 Methods . 60 Overview of the Research Process . 60 Phase I: Needs Assessment . 63 Phase II: Manual Design . 65 Phase III: Formative Evaluation . 66 Phase IV: Outcome Evaluation . 71 The Role of the Researcher. 73 Processing the Data . 75 Analytical Quality. 76 Validity . 77 Reliability & Credibility . 80 Ethical Considerations . 81 Chapter 4: Understanding Issues & Needs . 88 What Conflicts Do Conservation Practitioners Face? 91 Trust & Transparency . 94 Policies & Practices . 95 Basic Needs . 96 Corruption & Illegal Activities . 97 Culture & Socioeconomic Behavior . 97 Conclusions About Conflicts . 98 EVALUATING CONFLICT SENSITIVITY & CONSERVATION 9 Responding to Conflicts . 99 Responding to Basic Needs . 100 Increasing Stakeholder Engagement . 101 Project Transparency . 102 Conservation Practitioner as Arbiter . 104 Conservation Practitioners’ Needs in Addressing Conflict . 106 Skills, Tools & Support . 107 Awareness of Existing Skills, Tools, and Frameworks . 109 Presenting the Results of the Needs Assessment. 110 Chapter 5: The Form of a Conflict Sensitivity Framework for Conservation Work . 115 Designing a Framework to Address Conservation Practitioners’ Needs . 116 Conflict Sensitivity . 119 Monitoring & Evaluation . 120 Stakeholder Engagement . 122 A Note on Environmental Peacebuilding & Conflict Sensitivity Frameworks . 124 The Formative Evaluation Structure . 125 Evaluating Relevance . 128 The Conflicts of Conservation Work . 129 Stakeholder Engagement . 132 Contextual Relevance . 135 Evaluating Accessibility . 137 Language Accessibility . 139 Conceptual Accessibility .
Antecedents of Customer Loyalty in The Telecommunications Industry -Evidence from Bangladesh

With the rapid growth of the telecommunications industry in Bangladesh, many people have adopted this communication process. While previous studies have extensively examined the adoption of mobile services, few have focused on customer loyalty and satisfaction in Bangladesh. This study primarily investigates the factors that impact customer loyalty in the Bangladeshi context of the telecommunications industry. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) is used as the underlying theory to explain customer loyalty. A quantitative research strategy was employed, and data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey, with 360 out of 382 collected questionnaires being usable for analysis, resulting in a 94.24% usable data response rate. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the assistance of Smart PLS 4.0 was used to analyze the collected data. The study's findings indicate that price and consumers' trust significantly affect customer satisfaction and loyalty in Bangladesh and have the same impact on the indirect effect of price and consumers' trust on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. The proposed model highlights important and significant factors in customer satisfaction and loyalty, allowing telecommunications industry managers to identify the specific antecedents of loyalty and focus their policies on these, particularly in terms of price and consumers' trust in Bangladesh. Furthermore, this study offers numerous theoretical and practical implications for academics and practitioners. While the validation of this model in the telecommunications sector provides a novel perspective on comprehending customer loyalty from both theoretical and practical standpoints, it is important to acknowledge that there might exist additional factors influencing customer loyalty that warrant inclusion in future research endeavors. This research is one of the few to conceptually underpin the theoretical concept of exploring customer loyalty in a developing country like Bangladesh. Similarly, these findings may be applicable to other similar developing countries.
Evaluation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Changing Climatic Condition under Different Sowing Windows in Semi-Arid Tropics of Western Maharashtra, India

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belongs to family Poaceae and is very important crop as it contributes major portion of staple food for world’s population and provides more calories and protein in the world’s diet than any other cereal (CIMMYT, 2002). Wheat is the second important food crop after rice in terms of both area and production in India. In India, during 2015-16 the area under wheat cultivation was 30.23 mha with an average productivity of 30.93 q ha -1 . In Maharashtra, it occupies an area of 6.29 lakh ha with an average International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 04 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Later Prehistoric enclosed settlement evidence of southern Scotland : study of the sites from Peeblesshire, Berwickshire and E Dumfriesshire

'Later Prehistoric Settlement Evidence of Southern Scotland' studies the enclosed sites of Peeblesshire, Berwickshire and selected sites from E Dumfriesshire. This area has seen very little interest in archaeological research in the past. The aim of this thesis was to examine the later prehistoric enclosed sites and to look at their landscape settings. At the beginning, detailed lists of the sites needed to be made. I present these in the Appendices of the thesis. From them, two main subjects occur: firstly, the interpretation of components of enclosed sites (e.g. ramparts, roundhouses), which were studied in relation to one another; and secondly, the settings of the sites within the landscape. Lists of enclosed sites are based on my own critical assessment of the data gathered in the RCAHMS Inventories, supported by visits to certain sites and observation of aerial photographs. The core text of this thesis aims to detect new information by using different perspectives on the enclosed sites from those used before. This has been done by overlooking previously set and broadly used categorisations of sites. The RCAHMS 'neat' categories of hill-forts, enclosures etc. are ignored in this study. Instead, all the enclosed sites are observed initially as one single broad category. As a result, a new possible categorisation of sites according to the size of their internal areas, entrance appearance and orientation, and landscape position occurred. This provided an opportunity for further discussion on a number of topics, including a critique of cosmological interpretations of entrance orientations. From this data, possible settlement patterns can be observed, at both regional and local levels. Several different forms of landscape organisation occur. This is particularly well seen in a cluster of sites with multiple ramparts. Another example is a cluster of sites which are almost identical to one another (Orchard Rig, Peeblesshire). There are also clusters of different sites which occupy areas with well-established natural boundaries (e.g. Meldon Burn valley). With the establishment of settlement patterns, observation of enclosed sites together with their immediate terrain and archaeological features nearby, an organised archaeological landscape can be seen, although it is a cumulative rather than a contemporary picture (i.e. living ancestor). Many earlier monuments were incorporated in the later site patterns. The patterns of remains in the landscape therefore appear 'neat' although they were not
Environmental Impacts of Camping in Low Regulatory Wilderness: Geographic Patterns in the Allegheny National Forest and their Implications for Management

LEE, NATHANIEL HARLEY, M.A. MAY 2018 GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CAMPING IN LOW REGULATORY WILDERNESS: GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS IN THE ALLEGHENY NATIONAL FOREST AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT (120 pp.) Thesis Advisor: Dr. Jacqueline W. Curtis U.S. National Forests are experiencing increased visitor use. Though this trend has many positive outcomes, it also increases the pressure placed upon existing outdoor recreation resources. Therefore, timely and geographically targeted monitoring is essential to identifying environmental impacts from visitor activities. This study offers such an approach to allow for identification of impact severity and spatial extent, visitor behavior, perceptions, and values in the case of camping in the Allegheny National Forest. It contributes evidence that can be utilized for implementing effective mitigation measures that can help reduce impact while maintaining or increasing visitor experiences. Specifically, the goals of this investigation were to: 1) document the physical environmental impacts at each campsite, 2) assess on-site users’ perceptions and behaviors, and 3) use this data to inform recreation resource management decisions. Quantitative and qualitative methods were necessary to understand the complex nature of recreation resource management. Quantitative data were collected from three areas within the Allegheny National Forest whose designations varied between intensity of use and activity. This data displayed that impact intensity will increase with higher use and less management intervention. The qualitative data were collected through questionnaires provided to on-site users. The results of which indicated that the users were content with the current conditions of the surrounding environment and plan on returning in the future. This study reinforces the idea that management strategies must be implemented in order to maintain an ecologically healthy environment when recreation occurs within it. Of equal importance is that the management strategy should not detract from the user’s desired experience. Findings from this study emphasize the need for continual monitoring of environmental conditions and continual assessment of visitor perceptions when managing wilderness for outdoor recreation activities. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CAMPING IN LOW REGULATORY WILDERNESS: GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS IN THE ALLEGHENY NATIONAL FOREST AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Geography
Examining the Skill Development of Pre-Service Primary School Teachers Through Interdisciplinary Approach

The first step to access information; It is possible to perceive it by hearing, seeing and touching. It is necessary to make sense of this gained knowledge. Therefore, having some basic skills forms the basis of all disciplines. The purpose of this research is to determine skills through activities prepared with an interdisciplinary approach. The research was designed as a case study. Purposeful sampling method was used to determine the study group of the research; The study was conducted with third grade primary school teaching students as the study group. As data collection tools in the study; Skill target list, in-class skill observation form, semi-structured interview form and student products were used. At the end of the research, the students' skills were determined and in terms of science skills; It was revealed that life skills and innovative thinking skills were sufficient, but scientific process skills were not sufficient. In terms of language skills, reading and writing skills were found to be at an intermediate level. However, speaking skills, which are self-expression skills, were found to be at a low level. In terms of mathematical skills, it was observed that their problem solving skills were high, but their level of using basic mathematical skills was low. Technology skills; It has been found that it is sufficient in terms of algorithm creation, but not in the context of science acquisition. In addition, it has been observed that the activities prepared through the task-oriented teaching method make the lesson interesting and are effective in revealing creativity.
Impact of recognition on employees` performance in the Manufacturing Industries in Tanzania: A Case of Tanga Cement Company

Motivation works differently among employees in an organisation. While it is generally acceptable that monetary incentive is preferable among employees but there is a debate regarding non–financial incentives such as recognition on whether they impact employee performance. This study examined the impact of recognition on employees` performance in the manufacturing industries in Tanzania by using a case of Tanga Cement Company. In conducting this study, the researchers employed a descriptive research design. Furthermore, a simple random sampling method was used to select 50 respondents which enabled the collection of quantitative data through the use of questionnaires. In analysis, the study employed descriptive and inferential statistics to analyse the data with the aid of the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS). The study found that media representation boosts employees' desire to perform better, highlighting the importance of visibility and validation. Personal recognition fosters enhanced dedication, aligning with motivation theories. Receipt of recognition letters validates hard work, increasing job satisfaction and loyalty. Recognition programmes also lift employees' morale, influencing productivity and teamwork. Public recognition fosters commitment, and positive perceptions of work, workplace, and colleagues are crucial for a positive work environment. Furthermore, verbal appreciation from supervisors and co-workers is the most impactful form of recognition, as it is immediate and personal. Receiving a recognition certificate is also significant, as formal acknowledgement can enhance employees' work performance. The study recommends that implementing media representation strategies, establishing recognition programmes, and utilising tangible tokens of appreciation can be the best strategies to boost employee performance. This creates a positive work environment, enhances dedication, and boosts productivity by reinforcing appreciation and acknowledgement.