Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prospective of Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis Using Cardiac Sensing

Pancreatic carcinoma (Ca Pancreas) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The malignancies of the pancreas can be diagnosed with the help of various imaging modalities. An endoscopic ultrasound with a tissue biopsy is so far considered to be the gold standard in terms of the detection of Ca Pancreas, especially for lesions <2 mm. However, other methods, like computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are also conventionally used. Moreover, newer techniques, like proteomics, radiomics, metabolomics, and artificial intelligence (AI), are slowly being introduced for diagnosing pancreatic cancer. Regardless, it is still a challenge to diagnose pancreatic carcinoma non-invasively at an early stage due to its delayed presentation. Similarly, this also makes it difficult to demonstrate an association between Ca Pancreas and other vital organs of the body, such as the heart. A number of studies have proven a correlation between the heart and pancreatic cancer. The tumor of the pancreas affects the heart at the physiological, as well as the molecular, level. An overexpression of the SMAD4 gene; a disruption in biomolecules, such as IGF, MAPK, and ApoE; and increased CA19-9 markers are a few of the many factors that are noted to affect cardiovascular systems with pancreatic malignancies. A comprehensive review of this correlation will aid researchers in conducting studies to help establish a definite relation between the two organs and discover ways to use it for the early detection of Ca Pancreas.
A stochastic length-based assessment model for the Pandalus stock in Skagerrak and the Norwegian Deep

This working document describes a length based stochastic assessment model of Pandalus in ICES areas IIIA and IVA. The model describing stock development is age based, but the model also estimates the relation between age and length assuming a von Bertalanffy growth curve. The model presented in this paper is based on the assessment data presented at the 2012 NIPAG meeting, but with updated survey information. Also the estimates shown here are based on equal standard deviations for survey and catch σL = σ (c) L , which is the natural assumption, as this parameter describes the standard deviation of the length distribution in the poplation. Input data Data for this assessment covers the period from 1988 to 2012. Total commercial catch-at-length in numbers Cl,y are available only in the years from 1988 to 2011. The total catches are accumulated in 1mm length classes starting with 8mm. In addition to the total catches a (scientific) survey-index Il,y is available in all years except 2003. The survey length classes start at 7mm. The natural mortality is assumed to be Ma,y = 0.75 for all ages in all years. This figure has been used in previous assessments of this stock. The model The model is a full parametric statistical model. In this model the stock development from year to year is an age based model, but the data is given in lengths. The stock dynamics is similar to most fully parametric statistical age based stock assessment models. The stock sizes in the first age class Na=0,y=1988.2012 are assumed to be model parameters to be estimated. For the stock sizes in the first year Na=0.4,y=1988 Na=1,y=1988 and Na=2,y=1988 are model parameters and the last two are set by assuming that the total mortality and stock sizes were similar the year before, such that Na=3,y=1988 = Na=2,y=1988e Za=2,y=1988 and Na=4,y=1988 = Na=3,y=1988e Za=3,y=1988 .
Computational Insights on the Chemical Reactivity of Functionalized and Crosslinked Polyketones to Cu2+ Ion for Wastewater Treatment

Today, the high concentrations of copper found in water resources result in an urgent problem to solve since human health and aquatic ecosystems have been affected. Functionalized crosslinked polyketone resins (XLPK) have demonstrated high performance for the uptake of heavy metals in water solutions. In addition, its green chemical synthesis makes these resins very attractive as sorbents for metal ions contained in wastewater. XLPK are not soluble in aqueous media and do not require any catalyst, solvent, or harsh conditions to carry out the uptake process. In this paper, a series of functionalized XLPK with pending amino-derivatives namely; butylamine (BA), amino 2-propanol (A2P), 4-(aminomethyl) benzoic acid (HAMC), 6-aminohexanoic acid (PAMBA), and 1,2 diamino propane (DAP) directly attached to the pyrrole backbone of the polymers and crosslinked by di-amine derivatives was investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Our computational analysis revealed that dipole-dipole interactions played a crucial role in enhancing the adsorption of Cu2+ ions onto XLPKs. The negatively charged ketone moieties and functional groups within XLPKs were identified as key adsorption sites for the selective binding of Cu2+ ions. Additionally, we found that XLPKs exhibited strong electrostatic interactions primarily through the –NH2 and –C=O groups. Evaluation of the adsorption energies in XLPK-Cu(II) complexes showed that the DAP-Cu(II) complex exhibited the highest stability, attributed to strong Cu(II)-N binding facilitated by the amino moiety (–NH2). The remaining XLPKs displayed binding modes involving oxygen atoms (Cu(II)-O) within the ketone moieties in the polymer backbone. Furthermore, the complexation and thermochemical analysis emphasized the role of the coordinator atom (N or O) and the coordinating environment, in which higher entropic effects involved in the adsorption of Cu2+ ions onto XLPKs describes a lower spontaneity of the adsorption process. The adsorption reactions were favored at lower temperatures and higher pressures. These findings provide valuable insights into the reactivity and adsorption mechanisms of functionalized and crosslinked polyketones for Cu2+ uptake, facilitating the design of high-performance polymeric resins for water treatment applications.
Effects of Reynolds number and thickness on an undulatory self-propelled foil

The effects of the Reynolds number (Re) and thickness on an undulatory self-propelled foil were numerically investigated using the immersed boundary method. Re varied from 50 to 2 × 105, which encompasses the viscous, intermediate, and inertial regimes using a NACA 0012 airfoil. An investigation of the thickness was performed on NACA airfoils with maximum thicknesses of 0.04 ∼ 0.24 at two Re values (5 × 104 and 500). The results indicated that the foil can achieve a higher forward velocity, perform less work, and exhibit a higher propulsive efficiency with increasing Re. However, the effect of Re is asymptotic beyond 5 × 104. Four types of vortex structures exist, and the transition from one regime to another is closely related to hydrodynamic changes. In the thickness study, thinner foils outperformed thicker foils in terms of the forward velocity and input power at both Re values. However, the efficiency related to the conversion of input power into kinetic energy for NACA 0004 was the lowest. An optimum thickness exists that depends on Re. At higher Re, the vortical structure differs for each thickness with the deflection angle, whereas at low Re, the location of the separation point strongly influences the hydrodynamics.The effects of the Reynolds number (Re) and thickness on an undulatory self-propelled foil were numerically investigated using the immersed boundary method. Re varied from 50 to 2 × 105, which encompasses the viscous, intermediate, and inertial regimes using a NACA 0012 airfoil. An investigation of the thickness was performed on NACA airfoils with maximum thicknesses of 0.04 ∼ 0.24 at two Re values (5 × 104 and 500). The results indicated that the foil can achieve a higher forward velocity, perform less work, and exhibit a higher propulsive efficiency with increasing Re. However, the effect of Re is asymptotic beyond 5 × 104. Four types of vortex structures exist, and the transition from one regime to another is closely related to hydrodynamic changes. In the thickness study, thinner foils outperformed thicker foils in terms of the forward velocity and input power at both Re values. However, the efficiency related to the conversion of input power into kinetic energy for NACA 0004 was the lowest. An optimu.
Phase diagram of a general biaxial nematic model based on density of states computation

ABSTRACT The phase diagram of a general biquadratic Hamiltonian model of biaxial nematic liquid crystals was investigated both analytically through mean-field approximation and with computer simulations. However, their largely concurrent predictions are not borne out by experimentation, and the issue is still debated. We revisited this problem with Monte Carlo simulations based on the computation of density of states of the system through entropic sampling procedure, traversing through the relevant model parameter space (S) along representative trajectories. Our recent work indicated that the competing roles of different contributions in the Hamiltonian over significant regions of S could be the underlying entropic reason defying the earlier predictions. We find that our data differ from the reported results qualitatively, specifically as the trajectories approach the so-called partly repulsive regions of S. The complex free-energy profiles that we obtain in such cases, as a function of system order parameters, indicate entropic barriers to the development of the biaxial order to the expected degree. Significant increase in the influence of the intermolecular interactions between the uniaxial and biaxial tensors, at the expense of contributions from pure biaxial couplings, is indicated to be the inhibiting factor for the onset of the biaxial phase. Graphical Abstract
Insights into the Genital Microbiota of Women Who Experienced Fetal Death in Utero

The aim of this work was to achieve a better understanding of the bacterial pathogens associated with stillbirths that would serve to inform clinical interventions directed at reducing this adverse pregnancy outcome. A prospective observational study was conducted with the participation of 22 women from northern Peru, of whom 11 experienced fetal death in utero and 11 delivered preterm births. Swabs were taken from the vagina, placenta, amniotic fluid and axilla of the infant at birth by Caesarean section. The bacterial populations in the vagina and the amniotic space of each participant were determined by employing the amplicon sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes. The sequence data were analysed using bioinformatics tools. The work showed differences in the composition of the genital microbiomes of women who experienced preterm birth or fetal death in utero. There were no differences in the alpha diversity between the genital microbiotas of both groups of women, but there were more different taxa in the vagina and amniotic space of the preterm participants. Lactobacillus spp. was less abundant in the stillbirth cases. E. coli/Shigella, Staphylococcus, Gardnerella, Listeria and Bacteroides taxa were associated with the stillbirths. In each woman, there was a minimal concordance between the bacterial populations in the vagina and amniotic space.
Particle-obstacle interactions at low Reynolds number: implications for microfluidic applications

In this dissertation, we analyse the motion and interactions of a suspended (spherical) particle moving past a fixed (spherical or cylindrical) obstacle, as a means to better understand the underlying mechanisms of microfluidic separation techniques. The particle trajectory is characterised by an offset, which is defined as its distance from the line passing through the obstacle centre along the direction of motion far away from the obstacle. Our analysis reveals the existence of extremely small minimum surface-to-surface separation between the particle and the obstacle, even for offsets of the order of particle radius. We derive the mathematical relationship between the minimum surface-to-surface separation and the offset. Extremely short-range non-hydrodynamic interactions such as solid-solid contact due to surface roughness, electrostatic or steric repulsion, etc. play a crucial role in determining the fate of the particle trajectory downstream to the obstacle. We model the short-range interactions as a hard-wall potential and use the aforementioned mathematical relationship to define a critical parameter that depends on the range of the non-hydrodynamic interactions. The critical parameter, being of the same order of magnitude as the
Early Diagnosis and Classification of Fetal Health Status from a Fetal Cardiotocography Dataset Using Ensemble Learning

(1) Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 6.3 million intrauterine fetal deaths occur every year. The most common method of diagnosing perinatal death and taking early precautions for maternal and fetal health is a nonstress test (NST). Data on the fetal heart rate and uterus contractions from an NST device are interpreted based on a trace printer’s output, allowing for a diagnosis of fetal health to be made by an expert. (2) Methods: in this study, a predictive method based on ensemble learning is proposed for the classification of fetal health (normal, suspicious, pathology) using a cardiotocography dataset of fetal movements and fetal heart rate acceleration from NST tests. (3) Results: the proposed predictor achieved an accuracy level above 99.5% on the test dataset. (4) Conclusions: from the experimental results, it was observed that a fetal health diagnosis can be made during NST using machine learning.
Relationship between Food Insecurity and Nutritional Risk among Older Adults in Poland—A Preliminary Study

Aging populations may be associated with increased nutritional risk, malnutrition, and food insecurity. This study aims to examine the relationship between food insecurity and nutritional risk, taking into account selected characteristics of the study group, and factors describing nutritional risk. It was conducted between May and July 2021, among 417 people aged 60 and older, in two regions of Poland. Questions from the SCREEN-14 questionnaire were used to assess nutritional risk. Selected questions from the HFSS questionnaire (U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module) concerning the elderly were used to assess food insecurity. A K-means cluster analysis was used to separate homogeneous clusters into food security indicators and nutritional risk factors. The Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to compare mean values between groups, and the Chi-square test was used to verify the differences. Two clusters were distinguished: I—“low food security and high nutritional risk” and II—“high food security and low nutritional risk”. Cluster I included people aged 60–65, and over 75, living in urban areas, living alone or with family, with unfavorable economic situations and family relationships. Cluster II was composed of people aged 71–75, who were rural residents, living with a partner, with favorable economic situations and family relations. The vast majority of nutritional risk factors were found in Cluster I and among those at high nutritional risk. The largest number of people were affected by such nutritional risk factors such as difficulty in chewing or biting, loss in appetite, skipping meals, and perceiving one’s weight as abnormal. Moreover, the group of people most significantly affected by high nutritional risk were in unfavorable economic situations, had poor family relationships, lived alone or with family, rated their health as worse than their peers, were overweight and obese, had metabolic disease, or impeding mobility. The results obtained can be applied to the planning of social and health policies for the elderly in Poland.
Denali Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval: Complications and Success Rates

Purpose The present study was to evaluate the outcomes of Denali filter retrieval. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 143 patients who received Denali filter insertion from September 2015 to April 2020. Ninety-seven patients who required removal of the filters were include in this study. Filters were retrieved with either standard or advanced techniques. Venography before and after retrieval was obtained to evaluate technical success, complications and duration of filter insertion. Results All 97 filters were retrieved successfully without complications. Ninety-two (94.8%) were retrieved with standard technique and 5 filters (5.2%) required the advanced technique. There were two cases with a filter angle greater than 15 degrees. Inferior vena cava penetration was shown in 17 patients (17.5%) on venography but was not associated with contrast media extravasation after filter removal. Conclusion The Denali filter showed a high rate of successful retrieval without complications. This study adds value to previous studies and trials showing that the Denali filter is a reliable and safe filter that can potentially improve retrieval rates, with increasing use of this device.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Implementation for Indonesian EFL Learners: A Case Study

This paper aims to investigate CLIL implementation for English teaching in Indonesia, particularly how this approach can be used in the EFL learning context considering that in most cases CLIL is implemented for bilingual education. To get the information and learn the phenomena in depth, a study case was conducted. The data was collected through classroom observation of two English teachers who have implemented CLIL in their teaching practice. It was then followed by a focus group discussion with those teachers to confirm the CLIL application and get more comprehensive data. This study found that CLIL was quite significant to be implemented for teaching English as it was not only able to improve students’ language skills but also broaden their insight globally. From this study, it was also highlighted that teachers must carefully select the materials and consider students’ level of proficiency to make a meaningful and effective learning process.
Human Sitting Postures Classification Based on Angular Features with Fuzzy-Logic Labeling

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are generally associated with sitting postures. Assessing and ensuring healthy sitting posture are indispensable aspects of reducing the occurrence of MSDs. This study aims to develop a system that allows office workers' body postures to be contactless and recognized by different classification methods while sitting on a chair and can be used for health applications. Five different sitting body postures have been determined within the scope of medical and health literature studies and relevant standards. Thirty subjects were asked to sit in these body postures for 30 seconds. While the subjects were sitting, skeleton point position defined as a pose data of the subjects were obtained from the Kinect device simultaneously. Five angles that are thought to distinguish sitting positions according to different joint positions were determined and calculated. The angle values that can take in the standard sitting position in the literature have been determined. According to these values, the angle values in other postures were determined. A rule-based fuzzy inference system was designed using angle values for labeling sitting posture data. Angle values were calculated to classify the labeled depth values, and an artificial neural network classifier was designed according to these angle values. As a result, five different sitting body postures were classified with KNN (K-Nearest Neighbours) and Neural Network (NN), respectively, with 98.9% and 97% overall accuracy values. The study was compared with other studies in the literature. In this context, a high-performance system design that can improve healthy sitting behaviors for office workers that can be used in both health applications and robot vision is presented.
ASSESSING WHETHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT IS A CRITERION OF CONSUMERS WHEN SELECTING AN AIRLINE.

The aim of this study is to gain insight as to whether environmental impact is a criterion of consumers when actually selecting an airline. Findings indicate that cost and convenience, followed by destinations on offer and departure airports, are the key criteria for consumers in airline ticket purchasing decisions. Airlines may continue environmental activity and disclosure for long-term strategic reasons although individual ticket purchase decisions do not appear to be based primarily on environmental considerations. The research fills a gap in the U.K. empirical literature by exploring whether consumers of airlines operating out of the U.K. consider environmental impacts when making actual ticket purchase decisions.
A mixed formulation of the Tikhonov regularization and its application to inverse PDE problems

This paper is dedicated to a new way of presenting the Tikhonov regularization in the form of a mixed formulation. Such formulation is well adapted to the regularization of linear ill-posed partial differential equations because when it comes to discretization, the mixed formulation enables us to use some standard finite elements. As an application of our theory, we consider an inverse obstacle problem in an acoustic waveguide. In order to solve it we use the so-called " exterior approach " , which couples the mixed formulation of Tikhonov regularization and a level set method. Some 2d numerical experiments show the feasibility of our approach.
Understanding the role of institutions and economic context on entrepreneurial value creation choice

Research background: The observable discrepancies in entrepreneurship activity across countries have motivated both researchers and policymakers to comprehend the sources of these variations. Certain scholars have suggested that the answer to this empirical puzzle lies in the macrolevel processes that influence entrepreneurial endeavours. Purpose of the article: As the understanding of macrolevel processes that shape entrepreneurial behaviour is limited, this research aims to answer how institutions and the economic context influence entrepreneurial value creation choices (i.e., for-profit, non-profit, and mixed). Methods: Using a cross-country sample of 7,891 entrepreneurs in 58 countries, we employ a multilevel ordered probit to evaluate a novel conceptual framework. Our analysis models the direct impact of the regulative framework, the normative pillar, and the cultural pillar, alongside the moderating influence of income inequality and economic uncertainty on value creation choices. Findings & value added: Our findings show that the regulative framework has a positive marginal effect on for-profit and mixed-value creation, but a negative effect on non-profit value creation. Meanwhile, the normative pillar has a negative marginal effect on for-profit and mixed-value creation, but a positive effect on non-profit value creation. The cultural pillar has a negative marginal effect on for-profit and mixed-value creation, but a positive effect on non-profit value creation. Furthermore, income inequality moderates positive the relationship between normative pillar and for-profit and mixed-value creation, while economic uncertainty moderates negative the relationship between normative pillar and for-profit and mixed-value creation. Our research contributes to the literature by providing a nuanced understanding of how institutional pillars can act as drivers or barriers for different entrepreneurial forms, evidence of how uncertainty interacts with institutional forces to shape value creation decisions, and insights into the distinctive attributes of different entrepreneurial forms. Our findings have implications for public policy development.