Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fermi surface of the skutterudite 
CoSb3
: Quantum oscillations and band-structure calculations

The unfilled skutterudite ${\mathrm{CoSb}}_{3}$ is a small-gap semiconductor which was predicted to be close to a strain-induced transition to a topological-insulator phase passing through a topological quantum critical point. As a starting point to strain measurements, the aim of this work is to characterize the electronic structure of as-grown samples. Two types of samples, one grown in Sb flux and the other by an inclined rotary Bridgman technique, are compared based on structural properties, resistivity, Hall effect, and magnetization. All samples appear metallic with small growth-dependent hole doping. Measurements of quantum oscillations in magnetization and angle-dependent electronic transport confirm the calculated band structure at ambient pressure. The Fermi surface consists of a single spherical sheet at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ point, and the purest samples grown by the Bridgman technique have a Fermi energy lying 25 meV below the valence-band edge. Band-structure calculations provide an accurate description of the experimental results. Hence, this compound is suitable for an investigation of topological states under strain.
Assessment of kidney function: clinical indications for measured GFR

Abstract In the vast majority of cases, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is estimated using serum creatinine, which is highly influenced by age, sex, muscle mass, body composition, severe chronic illness and many other factors. This often leads to misclassification of patients or potentially puts patients at risk for inappropriate clinical decisions. Possible solutions are the use of cystatin C as an alternative endogenous marker or performing direct measurement of GFR using an exogenous marker such as iohexol. The purpose of this review is to highlight clinical scenarios and conditions such as extreme body composition, Black race, disagreement between creatinine- and cystatin C–based estimated GFR (eGFR), drug dosing, liver cirrhosis, advanced chronic kidney disease and the transition to kidney replacement therapy, non-kidney solid organ transplant recipients and living kidney donors where creatinine-based GFR estimation may be invalid. In contrast to the majority of literature on measured GFR (mGFR), this review does not include aspects of mGFR for research or public health settings but aims to reach practicing clinicians and raise their understanding of the substantial limitations of creatinine. While including cystatin C as a renal biomarker in GFR estimating equations has been shown to increase the accuracy of the GFR estimate, there are also limitations to eGFR based on cystatin C alone or the combination of creatinine and cystatin C in the clinical scenarios described above that can be overcome by measuring GFR with an exogenous marker. We acknowledge that mGFR is not readily available in many centres but hope that this review will highlight and promote the expansion of kidney function diagnostics using standardized mGFR procedures as an important milestone towards more accurate and personalized medicine.
Structure dependent spin selectivity in electron transport through oligopeptides

The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect entails spin-selective electron transmission through chiral molecules. In the present study, the spin filtering ability of chiral, helical oligopeptide monolayers of two different lengths is demonstrated using magnetic conductive probe atomic force microscopy. Spin-specific nanoscale electron transport studies elucidate that the spin polarization is higher for 14-mer oligopeptides than that of the 10-mer. We also show that the spin filtering ability can be tuned by changing the tip-loading force applied on the molecules. The spin selectivity decreases with increasing applied force, an effect attributed to the increased ratio of radius to pitch of the helix upon compression and increased tilt angles between the molecular axis and the surface normal. The method applied here provides new insights into the parameters controlling the CISS effect.
Drying Kinetics and Quality Attributes of Peach Cylinders as Affected by Osmotic Pretreatments and Infrared Radiation Drying

Abstract The effect of osmotic dehydration (OD) and ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration (ULOD) on drying kinetics and quality of peach cylinders by infrared radiation drying were investigated. The moisture state and redistribution after osmotic pretreatments and subsequent drying process were also studied by low field nuclear magnetic resonance. The water loss and solute gain increased with osmotic time, and ULOD could promote water transfer. The signal amplitude of free water and immobile water diminished and shifted to the left for samples pretreated by both ULOD and OD. The brightness in T2-weighted images appeared a declining trend with increasing osmotic time of ULOD and OD, indicating the moisture content reduced gradually. During dying process, the free water of all samples was removed completely after drying for 120 min. ULOD and OD could increase water activity and decrease shrinkage of samples. Long pretreatment of ULOD and OD improved the color of dried peach cylinders.
The Technological Advances in Embryo Selection and Genetic Testing: A Look Back at the Evolution of Aneuploidy Screening and the Prospects of Non-Invasive PGT

Since the birth of the first IVF baby, Louise Brown, in 1978, researchers and clinicians have sought ways to improve pregnancy outcomes through embryo selection. In the 1990s, blastomere biopsy and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were developed in human embryos for the assessment of aneuploidy and translocations. Limitations in the number of chromosomes that could be assayed with FISH lead to the development of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH); however, pregnancy rates overall were not improved. The later development of trophectoderm biopsy with comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS) technologies, as well as the subsequent development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), have shown much greater promise in improving pregnancy and live birth rates. Recently, many studies are focusing on the utilization of non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing (niPGT) in an effort to assess embryo ploidy without exposing embryos to additional interventions.
Health and Telework: New Challenges after COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic represented a big challenge not only for the health systems but also for the working world that has been characterized by the spread of telework. The aim of this review is to resume the knowledge about the effects of telework on the health and safety of teleworkers, and to point out these implications in the light of the growing development and diffusion of it after COVID-19 pandemic. A literature research on the main scientific research engines (Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Review) has been performed. No restrictions were applied for language or publication type. All the articles not concerned with the health effects of telework have been excluded. That kind of work arrangement can take advantages to both employers and workers by improving productivity and work-life balance. However, it has some potential disadvantages, represented by the possible negative implications on worker’s health. The main hazards for the health of teleworkers are: the unavailability of ergonomic work equipment and a dedicated working area, the risk of overwork, and psychosocial implications of working from home. Performing telework can affect both physical and psychosocial health but some authors also described potential health benefits.
Toxicity Test of Hydrocarbon Exposure on Lepironia articulate in Phytoremediation Process

Environmental hazards and the high cost of some conventional treatment processes have produced economic pressure and caused engineers to investigate for creative, cost effective and environmentally ways to control water pollution. Phytoremediation could be a sustainable remediation alternative for conventional remediation technologies [1]. It has several advantages e.g., it can be applied in situ over large areas, with low cost and the soil does not undergo significant damage [2]. This green technique is also easily accepted and often welcomed by the general public due to its significant improvement of the impacted landscape. It offers an appealing option to managers of remediation projects and is frequently listed as the best available technology to remediate contaminated sites [3]. The ability of plants to remove contaminants from the environment has been recognized and has been taken advantage of for its applications, such as land farming of waste [4]. Phytodegradation uses plants and microorganisms to break down organic pollutants in situ [5]. It includes several processes, namely, phytoextraction, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytostabilization and phytovolatilization [2,6]. This technology is Toxicity Test of Hydrocarbon Exposure on Lepironia articulate in Phytoremediation Process
First Focal Mechanisms of Marsquakes

Since February 2019, NASA's InSight lander is recording seismic signals on the planet Mars, which, for the first time, allows to observe ongoing tectonic processes with geophysical methods. A number of Marsquakes have been located in the Cerberus Fossae graben system in Elysium Planitia and further west, in the Orcus Patera depression. We present a first study of the focal mechanisms of three well‐recorded events (S0173a, S0183a, S0235b) to determine the processes dominating in the source region. We infer for all three events a predominantly extensional setting. Our method is adapted to the case of a single, multicomponent receiver and based on fitting waveforms of P and S waves against synthetic seismograms computed for the initial crustal velocity model derived by the InSight team. We explore the uncertainty due to the single‐station limitation and find that even data recorded by one station constrains the mechanisms (reasonably) well. For the events in the Cerberus Fossae region (S0173a, S0235b) normal faulting with a relatively steep dipping fault plane is inferred, suggesting an extensional regime mainly oriented E‐W to NE‐SW. The fault regime in the Orcus Patera region is not determined uniquely because only the P wave can be used for the source inversion. However, we find that the P and weak S waves of the S0183a event show similar polarities to the event S0173, which indicates similar fault regimes.
Triple therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: consideration under new evidence

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common chronic airway disease worldwide. Recent epidemiologic survey shown that as many as 100 million people have COPD in China, leading to heavy disease burden comparable to hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, COPD has been listed as one of the public health priorities in “Action Plan of Heathy China 2030”. It has been recognized worldwide that the goals of long-term treatment of COPD are optimization of symptom relief, prevention and treatment of exacerbations, prevention of disease progression and reduction of mortality.
Habitus congruence and college student experiences in social, academic, and racial domains

Abstract To better understand inequality in higher education, we qualitatively explore students’ fit in college using three domains based in theories by Bourdieu, Du Bois, and Bonilla-Silva: academic, social, and racial. We demonstrate the interconnected nature of these three domains, how students’ habitus shift over time, and students’ agency as they navigate college. We interviewed 18 students at two points in time: during their first or second year in college, and again during their third or fourth year. Our analysis reveals weaknesses in Bourdieu’s theory with respect to ways that race affects students’ pathways through college. We also demonstrate how Du Bois and Bourdieu can be used together to create a more complete theoretical basis of student experiences by explicitly incorporating double consciousness with habitus. To help students succeed, we call for more explicit articulation of the sociocultural expectations in higher education, as well as identification and removal of barriers to success that result from both hidden expectations and structural aspects of racial inequality.
Renoprotective Effect of Formononetin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat Kidney

Aims: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a broad-spectrum chemotherapy agent available to treat various malignancies; however, its nephrotoxicity limits its clinical use. Formononetin (FOR) is a bioactive isoflavone with encouraging biological activities. The current study explored and elucidated the possible protective/therapeutic effects of formononetin against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Methodology: Rats received FOR (40 mg/kg/day) for 15 days followed by a single injection of CP on day 16. CP-induced nephrotoxicity is characterized by an increase in urea and creatinine levels in serum. Kidney homogenate was used to assess MDA, NO and antioxidants. Results: CP-administered rats showed increased renal malondialdehyde and nitric oxide along with declined glutathione and antioxidant enzymes. In addition, CP increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptotic proteins levels and decreased anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 levels in the kidney. FOR prevented CP-induced kidney injury, enhanced antioxidants and suppressed oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory mediators and apoptosis. Original Research Article Aladaileh et al.; JPRI, 33(2): 26-37, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 65794 27 Conclusion: These findings suggest that FOR prevents CP nephrotoxicity by attenuating the oxidative damage and inflammation. Therefore, our data suggest that FOR may represent a novel protective strategy against CP-induced nephrotoxicity, which deserves pursuit in further studies.
CEO Endowed Trait and Corporate Tax Planning: Evidence from Pilot CEOs

We find evidence that the hobby of flying airplanes of chief executive officers (CEOs) is associated with significantly lower effective tax rates and a greater propensity to engage in the most aggressive forms of tax avoidance, such as tax sheltering. The effect is economically as well as statistically significant. Cross-sectional tests reveal that the baseline results are not sensitive to managerial remuneration incentives, suggesting that intrinsic incentives derived from endowed traits are not easily moderated by extrinsic motivation from compensation contracts. However, our analysis shows that the baseline result holds only in settings in which managers are subject to high levels of monitoring by institutional shareholders, suggesting that strong managerial oversight helps direct managerial thrill-seeking tendencies toward value-creating endeavors. Taken together, our paper highlights the significant role that CEO thrill-seeking tendencies play in driving corporate tax planning activities.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity Among Medical Students in Copenhagen

Background Healthcare workers are at a higher risk of getting infected with SARS-CoV-2 than the general population. However, detailed knowledge about medical students and exposure to SARS-CoV-2 is lacking. Thus, we measured the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a cohort of Danish medical students. Methods We invited all medical students at the University of Copenhagen (UCPH) to participate. A venous blood sample was drawn along with completing a self-report questionnaire. Blood samples were analyzed for total antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and related to symptomatology, social behaviour, and work-life. Seropositive samples were screened for IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies. Results Between October 19th and 26th 1,120 students participated in questionnaire, of these 1,096 were included in the study. Of all included 379 (34.58%) of the participants were seropositive. The risk of seropositivity was significantly increased for participants attending two parties at UCPH, on February the 29th and March 6th 2020 (OR 5.96 (95% CI 4.34-8.24, p<0.001). Further, 461 students (42.06%) worked with COVID-19 patients, which was significantly associated with risk of seropositivity (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.03-1.85, p=0.033). The symptom most substantially associated with seropositivity was loss of smell and/or taste (n=183 of all, 31.35%) with an OR of 24.48 (95% CI 15.49-40.60, p<0.001). Conclusion Medical students have the highest reported seropositivity in the Danish healthcare system. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission amongst the students appear to be partly related to working with COVID-19 infected patients, but to a greater extent, their social behaviour. Mainpoints Medical students have the highest reported seropositivity in the Danish healthcare system. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission amongst the students appear to be partly related to working with COVID-19 infected patients, but to a greater extent, their social behaviour.
Impact of sustainability-focused learning intervention on teachers’ agency to teach for sustainable development

ABSTRACT Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been identified as a key enabler of all Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Considering the vital role of ESD, a framework ‘ESD for 2030ʹ has been prepared by UNESCO to take the 2030 Agenda forward. Since teachers are the key players in the successful implementation of ESD, many teacher preparation programmes across the world integrate different aspects of ESD in the existing courses to develop pre-service teachers’ capacities as ESD educators. The current study was an attempt to investigate the impact of integrating ESD (in an existing course) on pre-service teachers’ agency to act as ESD educators in schools. As a part of the course ‘Research Methods in Education’, pre-service teachers were engaged in a pedagogical intervention (sustainability-focused undergraduate research) for a period of 11–13 weeks. The research projects were related to gender inequality, environmental consciousness, and economic disparities. The data were collected from 38 paired observations (before and after participating in sustainability-focused undergraduate research) and interviews of 44 participants. The data indicated that the sustainability-focused pedagogical intervention was partially effective in helping pre-service teachers to act as sustainability educators. The findings indicate a need of including dedicated, standalone courses on ESD in teacher preparation programmes in order to empower the pre-service teachers as ESD educators.
Anoxia / reoxygenation induced cell death in crucian carp brain

The crucian carp (Carassius carassius) has an exceptional ability to tolerate anoxia, being able to survive without oxygen for several months at low temperatures. In response to low oxygen levels the crucian carp reduces its metabolic rate, and up-regulates glycolysis to produce enough ATP to fuel cellular ATP demand. These adaptations solve the main problem encountered during anoxia, which is to supply cells with enough ATP. The brain has a very high rate of ATP use, and it is therefore especially vulnerable during anoxic conditions. In the brain of mammals, even brief periods of oxygen deprivation can induce apoptotic cell death. It is still not known if the crucian carp brain suffers brain damage after anoxic exposure. The aim of this study was therefore to examine if anoxia, and/or subsequent reoxygenation, affect the incidence of apoptotic cell death in the brain of crucian carp. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was applied to stain for and quantify apoptotic cells in the crucian carp telencephalon. The amount of apoptotic cells did not increase significantly after 7 days of anoxia (at 9 °C). However, when the anoxic fish were given 1 day of reoxygenation at normal oxygen levels, a 170 % increase in the number of apoptotic cells was detected. The elevated apoptosis after reoxygenation resembles the effect of reperfusion after cerebral ischemia in mammals, where reperfusion accelerates the rate of cell death. One possibility is that anoxia initiates apoptotic pathways in the brain without leading to actual cell death until oxygen is restored. Another possibility is that anoxia in itself does not induce apoptosis, but that the following reoxygenation causes increased apoptosis. Regardless, anoxia followed by reoxygenation does cause some damage in the form of increased levels of apoptosis in the crucian carp telencephalon. This points at an hitherto unrecognized aspect of anoxia tolerance in crucian carp: the need to possess effective mechanisms to repair a damaged brain after anoxia / reoxygenation events.
Puppies, Plants, Painting, and Popcorn: Evaluation of an Integrated Outreach Program

ABSTRACT As significant numbers of university students report high levels of stress, post-secondary institutions are seeking accessible mental health and wellness supports. The outreach program presented integrates therapy dogs, therapeutic horticulture, and art making interventions. Over 170 participants completed questionnaires surveying demographic variables, frequency of attendance and engagement, and self-reported reductions in stress and anxiety. Open-ended questions explored students’ program experience, their explanations for stress reductions, and recommendations for the program. The vast majority of participants reported a considerable decrease in stress and indicated that the program helped them destress, feel calmer and more relaxed, reduced their anxiety, and helped them feel more in control of their emotions. Participant recommendations included investing in expansion, further development and adequate resourcing of the program. Findings highlight the potential of integrated wellness initiatives to support large and diverse groups of students while decreasing support stigma and contributing to healthy campus goals.
Morphology, development stages, and phylogeny of the Rhabditolaimus ulmi (Nematoda: Diplogastridae), a phoront of the bark beetle Scolytus multistriatus from the elm Ulmus glabra Huds. in Northwest Russia

Abstract The nematode Rhabditolaimus ulmi was found in galleries, adults, and larvae of Scolytus multistriatus, the vector of the Dutch elm disease, in St. Petersburg parks. This nematode co-occurred with Bursaphelenchus ulmophilus, which is another phoretic partner of S. multistriatus. Nematodes were cultured on the fungus Botryotinia fuckeliana in potato sugar agar (PA) and used for morphological analyses of adults, juveniles, eggs, and dauers. Nematode females showed a didelphic female genital tract rather than a monoprodelphic gonad as reported in the original description. Male bursa peloderan, caudal papillae include three preanal pairs and one precloacal unpaired papillae; seven postanal papilla pairs, among which one is pore-like and possibly the phasmid homolog, one subdorsal, and a pair of three closely situated posteriorly at bursa alae. The juvenile stages differ in size and structure of their sexual primordia. Sex of juveniles may be identified from the third stage. The dauer juvenile is a phoretic third juvenile stage (DJ3), which enters and remains localized in the buccal cavity of beetle adults and last-instar larvae and also under the elytra and in the ovipositor’s cavity of pupae and imagoes. The first molt J1-J2 occurred inside the eggshell. Adult females laid eggs in early stages of embryonic development or containing molted J2. The propagative non-phoretic J2 inside the egg and J3 have a long and well-developed median bulb. The phoretic dauer DJ3 has a small spherical bulb like the J1 juvenile within the egg. In a sterile fungal culture, the nematodes feed on both mycelium and their unidentified ecto-symbiotic bacteria, located on nematode surface coat and multiplying in PA. Diagnosis and tabular key to the Rhabditolaimus species are given. Phylogenetic analysis of the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA gene sequences resulted in the Bayesian consensus tree with the highly supported clade of the Rhabditolaimus species.