Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on Money Demand in Sudan

This study aims to examine the asymmetric impact of exchange rate fluctuations on money demand in Sudan. The non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model was applied to data pertaining to 1960â€“2018. The empirical results suggest that the impact of the exchange rate is asymmetric in the long and short terms. In the short term, a positive change in the exchange rate increases money demand, while a negative change in the exchange rate has no effect. However, in the long term, a positive change in the exchange rate increases money demand, and a negative change has the same effect. In the long term, a negative change in the exchange rate has a greater effect than a positive change, indicating that a depreciation of the Sudanese pound has a greater effect. The difference between the positive and negative changes in the exchange rate indicates its asymmetric effect on money demand in Sudan. This study recommends that monetary policy in Sudan should target such positive and negative changes in the exchange rate, and that decision makers should adopt policies that achieve exchange rate stability. In addition, policymakers should also aim to establish an industrial production base to reduce reliance on imports.
Destination Choice Intention of Young Tourist: A Comparative Study Between Indonesia and Thailand

Indonesia and Thailand are included in the top destinations for international visitors in ASEAN and tourism industry also plays a major role in contributing both countries’ GDP. Young tourist is becoming more and more a target to keep an eye on in tourism industry because travellers ages 15 to 29 accounted for an estimated 23% of all international travellers in 2015. Despite the enormous market, there is still limited study in youth tourism context. Previous research suggested that understanding the influence of consumption values towards the attitude to visit a destination is important and also there is a lack of literature in studying how travelers evaluate images of destinations that they have not visited, therefore this study examined how is the perceived image of Indonesia and Thailand by young tourist, their consumption values, and their intentions to visit the country. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed using SEM PLS. The results of this study is consumption values and eWOM have significant influence on perceived beneficial image. Consumption values and eWOM have significant influence on destination choice intention to Thailand for Indonesia young tourist, while perceived beneficial image only has significant influence on destination choice intention to Indonesia for Thailand young tourist.
Assessment of Competency of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine Residents during Ultrasound Rotation at the Emergency Department

BACKGROUND: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is the core competency in the Emergency Medicine (EM) residency training. However, there are many methods that can be used to evaluate this competency, and the best practices for teaching ultrasonography to residents have yet to be determined. AIM: The researchers aimed at evaluating the POCUS knowledge and skills of the EM residents after having participated in the POCUS training during their first ultrasound rotation in the Emergency Department. METHODS: A curriculum was developed in the form of a 2-week rotation in the EM residency program at the Department of EM at Khon Kaen University’s Srinagarind Hospital. It consisted of didactic lectures, bedside ultrasound trainings, the journal club, and the process of reviewing the images. Tools were developed, which included a knowledge exam. For each resident, the assessments were administered before and after the rotation. Furthermore, an ultrasound skills test was developed to be used at the end of the 1st year EM residency program. RESULTS: Nine EM residents completed their rotations and the tests. The average pre-training score and post-training scores were 5.25 ± 1.03 and 8.50 ± 1.20, respectively. The mean difference score between pre- and post-test was 3.25 ± 1.28. (95% CI −4.321, −2.178). In terms of the ultrasound skills test, the average total score was 26.13 out of 30 (87.1%). Moreover, the residents had higher scores in the aspects of image acquisition (87.5%) and image interpretation (87.5%). However, for the aspect of clinical decision-making, the average score was 75%. The survey questions indicated that with respect to all of the academic activities, the “Bedside ultrasound,” which had encouraged the residents to learn POCUS, was given the highest score (4.75 of 5). CONCLUSIONS: The 2-week ED ultrasound rotation had improved the residents’ EM ultrasound knowledge and skills.
Internet Addiction and Its Association with Psychopathology in Medical Students of JNIMS, Imphal, Manipur

BACKGROUND Internet becomes an indispensable means for basic and optimal survival along with career advancement in present context and at the same time this widely used tool has addictive property; this property may, further, lead to many psychosocial problems in health. This study intended to evaluate the relationship and the risk of Internet addiction and their psychosocial wellbeing among medical students in Manipur. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among medical students and internees in JNIMS. The study duration was from 8 th September 2014 to 5 th October 2014. There was universal coverage of the students and internees. The tools used in the study were self-administered questionnaires including demographic profiles, Internet addiction test and DASS-42 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress). Data entry and analysis were done with SPSS version 22; A P-value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant. The response rate was 83.89 %; as the Internet addiction scores increased among the students there was increase in prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in them. The relationships were found to be highly significant (P = 0.000). There was a significant association between Internet use and psychosocial problem among the medical students in JNIMS. The study couldn’t comment on the causality of the depression, anxiety and stress against Internet addiction among the students and internees. Therefore, a further study is recommended for finding out the temporal association.
Extension training for banana value addition among smallholder farmers in Meru and Tharaka-Nithi counties, Kenya

Extension training is intended to increase the efficiency and performance of the human resource that acts responsibly in a society based on a communication interaction with knowledge sources. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of training farmers on banana value addition among smallholder farmers in Meru and Tharaka-Nithi counties. The study adopted a pragmatic paradigm and a cross-sectional survey design and sampled 370 and 30 farmers proportionately obtained from 269,499 and 19,303 smallholder banana farmers in Meru and Tharaka-Nithi counties, respectively. Structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the respondents. Secondary data were obtained from official extension and production records in the two counties as well as related literature. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics to determine frequencies, percentages and means. Regression analysis was conducted to examine relationships between the study variables. The results revealed that there was an association between training farmers on the various method of banana value addition and adoption of selected banana value addition technologies was statistically significant at 1% level of significance (p-value = 0.000<0.01, c2=156.391, df 1). The study concludes that farmers having a preferred facilitator in training positively influenced the adoption of banana value addition technologies. The study recommends the government should create and implement policies such as collaborating with high learning institution like universities and set days where they will be training farmers on various methods of banana value addition. Key words: Extension training, banana value addition, small holder farmers.
A Retrospective Study of the Microbiology of Diabetic Foot Infections at a Community Hospital in Bermuda

There is a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bermuda. It has been well established that a significant number of patients with diabetes mellitus will develop a diabetic foot infection (DFI), which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to determine the microbiological and antimicrobial susceptibility profile in DFIs and to investigate whether methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common pathogen as well as playing a pivotal role in amputations. A retrospective study was carried out on 96 patients diagnosed with DFI. Demographic data, types of cultures, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and antimicrobial management were collected from medical records. Ninety six patients were investigated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Group B Streptococcus and Proteus mirabilis. In addition, MRSA organisms were isolated at a low frequency. The organisms isolated showed susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents such as amoxicillin/clavulante, clindamycin, cefazolin, ampicillin/sulbactam, tetracycline, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and piperacillin-tazobactam. There was an association between peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and diabetes related amputations. In conclusion, Staphylococcus aureus is a common organism in DFI and the findings of the study does not support empirical MRSA antimicrobial therapy for the management of DFI. There was no evidence to suggest that there is an association between MRSA and diabetes related amputations.
Stigmatisation of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Burkina Faso: Multilevel Socioecological Analysis of Determinants

1 Infectious Diseases Department, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 2 MURAZ Centre, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso 3West African Health Organisation (WAHO), Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso 4 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 5 UFR Sciences de la santé, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 6 National Population Health Observatory, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 7 Infectious diseases Department, Teaching Hospital of Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya, Burkina Faso Journal of HIV/AIDS & Infectious Diseases
Effects of Stabilised Nitrogen Fertilizers in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Nutrition

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of added nitrification inhibitor (NI) and urease inhibitor (UI) to urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) on oilseed rape yield and seed oil content in 3-year field trials and to assess their environmental impact by analysing the content of nitrates in water extracts in the form of soil laboratory experiments. The UAN stabilisation was provided by the addition of PIADIN (1.5% methylpyrazole, 3% triazole) serving as NI and StabilureN (NBPT) used as UI. The experiment consisted of four variants: 1. UAN; 2. UAN + NI; 3. UAN + UI; 4. UAN + NI + UI. The obtained data showed the increased rates of the yield and seed oil content in the variants with the NI/UI additions in one experimental year. Statistically significant differences were detected in the yield and seed oil content obtained between the years of the experiment. Soil laboratory experiments proved that the additions of both inhibitors (UAN + NI + UI) led to the least leaching of nitrates.
Singlet Oxygen Generation Using New Fluorene-based Photosensitizers Under One- And Two-photon Excitation

Molecular oxygen in its lowest electronically excited state plays an important roll in the field of chemistry. This excited state is often referred to as singlet oxygen and can be generated in a photosensitized process under oneor two-photon excitation of a photosensitizer. It is particularly useful in the field of photodynamic cancer therapy (PDT) where singlet oxygen formation can be used to destroy cancerous tumors. The use of two-photon activated photosensitizers possesses great potential in the field of PDT since near-IR light is used to activate the sensitizer, resulting in deeper penetration of light into biological tissue, less photobleaching of the sensitizer, and greatly improved resolution of excitation. The synthesis and photophysical characterization of new fluorene-based photosensitizers for efficient singlet oxygen production were investigated. The spectral properties for singlet oxygen production were measured at room temperature and 77 K. Two-photon absorption (2PA) cross-sections of the fluorene derivatives were measured by the open aperture Z-scan method. The quantum yields of singlet oxygen generation under oneand two-photon excitation (Φ∆ and Φ∆, respectively) were determined by the direct measurement of singlet oxygen luminescence at ≈ 1270 nm. The values of Φ∆ were independent of excitation wavelength, ranging from 0.6 0.9. The singlet oxygen quantum yields under two-photon excitation were Φ∆ ≈ 1⁄2Φ∆, indicating that the two processes exhibited the same mechanism of singlet oxygen production, independent of the mechanism of photon absorption.
Comparative Characteristics Of Ferrokinetic Parameters And Their Relationship With Inflammation In Patients With CHF In Advanced And Senile Age

To perform a comparative analysis of anemia of chronic disease (ACD) and iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in late middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) by ferrokinetic parameters, inflammation indexes, and their associations. Materials and methods. 65 patients with ischemic heart disease were evaluated, including 35 patients with CHF and ACD, 10 patients with CHF and IDA, and 20 patients without CHF, ACD, and IDA (control group, CG). Results. Patients with CHF and IDA had true iron deficiency whereas 54% of patients with CHF and ACD had functional iron deficiency, and 46% of patients had no iron deficiency. Levels of acute phase proteins, ferritin and hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were highly significantly different in patients with CHF and ACD and patients with CHF and IDA; positive and significant correlations were found for levels of IL-6 and ferritin, IL-6 and CRP, and CRP and hepcidin. In patients with CHF and IDA, levels of acute phase proteins, ferritin and hepcidin, CRP, and IL-6 were low and correlations of IL-6 with ferritin, IL-6 with CRP, and CRP with hepcidin were non-significant. Concentrations of erythropoietin were significantly higher in patients with CHF and ACD and patients with CHF and IDA compared to the control group; however, significant differences between them were absent.
The Application of P2P Lending Platform on MSMEs "GO Online Program" at NGALUP.CO

This study aims to identify the characteristics and influence of the Self Efficacy, Social Influence, and Performance Expectancy variables on Behavioral Intention on MSME GO Online at Ngalup.co program in Malang City by utilizing the Peer to Peer (P2P) Lending Platform. This research is classified as an explanatory research, which is scientific research conducted to explain the relationship between the variables studied through hypothesis testing. Additionally, this study utilizes a quantitative form with the aim of examining the factors that influence the use of P2P Lending of Go Online Program at Ngalup.co. The TCR value falls into the high category which means that MSMEs who are members of the Ngalup.co Program in Malang City is classified as high. This means that respondents expect the use of the P2P lending system to produce output and increase work productivity. This study concludes that the respondents have the view regarding online loans as a promising platform for accessing capital for MSME businesses. Several cases indicate that online loans provide lower interest rates and risks, thus MSME business players are greatly assisted by low installments and interest.
Effects of Self-Concept on Narcissism: Mediational Role of Perceived Parenting

An increase in narcissism has been reported by experts over the years. Narcissists bring a lot of negative consequences to themselves and to the people around them. This study investigates that perceived parenting leads to the development of inflated, unstable self-concept. The inflated self-concept lays the framework for the development of narcissistic traits among individuals; perceived parenting affects this relationship. A sample of 628 adults was taken from North Cyprus through purposive sampling. Scales for perceived parenting, self-concept, and narcissism were administered. Results showed that the statistically significant variance in the self-concept is explained by perceived parenting. Both mothers and fathers contributed significantly to the development of inflated self-concept. Moreover, multiple linear regression results showed a higher significant variance in narcissistic traits due to self-concept compared with perceived parenting. Mediational tests also showed that high levels of narcissistic traits were indirectly related to self-concept through perceived parenting. The study findings have challenged the notion of only mothers being responsible for narcissistic traits among their children. The study results also suggest that targeting self-concept in individuals with narcissistic traits may be a good directive for therapeutic interventions.
Use of Azithromycin to Treat Covid-19: A Critical View

This article aims to understand the pharmacological properties of AZT and analyze possible reasons for its use in the treatment of COVID-19 alone or associated with chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). For this, a bibliographical research was carried out in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), US National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) and ScienceDirect. In the study, data on the pharmacology of Azithromycin (AZT) were collected, its history, its uses, highlighting the research conducted in 2020 with this drug for the treatment of COVID-19. It should be noted that AZT is an antibiotic of the macrolide subclass with varied pharmacotherapeutic use, especially in the treatment of bacterial, respiratory, genitourinary and enteric infections. During the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, HCQ-associated AZT was considered for the treatment of the disease due to its in vitro results. There was much debate about the use of the combination of these drugs and even before the results of clinical studies were published, the Ministry of Health has already made recommendations regarding the use of these drugs to treat COVID-19. National and international health organizations were more cautious and highlighted the lack of scientific evidence for this use. The information collected in this review of the literature suggests that the administration of AZT or AZT associated with HCQ or CQ was not effective in the treatment of COVID-19 patients for both mild and moderate or severe cases.
Effect of germination on the functional properties of moth bean (Phaseolus aconitifolius Jacq) flours

Toutes les proprietes chimiques ou technologiques sont ameliorees par la germination (24, 48 ou 72 h). Les caracteristiques etudiees sont : la capacite d'absorption d'eau et d'huile, la gelification, la solubilite azotee, l'aptitude a l'emulsification et au moussage
Ferroelastic-ferroelectric multiferroics in a bilayer lattice

Two-dimensional multiferroics, combined with ferroelastic and ferroelectric orders, enable unprecedented exploration of applications, such as high-density multistate storage. However, current ferroelastic-ferroelectric-multiferroic research is based on the paradigm of unique symmetry in a single-layer lattice, which restricts ferroelastic ferroelectricity to being rarely explored. Here, going beyond the existing paradigm, we report a design principle for realizing ferroelastic ferroelectricity using the van der Waals interaction as perturbation in a bilayer lattice. Using first principles, we show that, through layer-stacking, bilayer ${\mathrm{ZrI}}_{2}$ not only possesses 120 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} ferroelasticity due to its crystal symmetry but also holds out-of-plane and in-plane polarizations caused by interlayer charge redistribution, thereby achieving ferroelastic-ferroelectric multiferroics in a bilayer lattice. The switch of out-of-plane polarization relates to interlayer sliding, while in-plane polarization reversal correlates with 120 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} ferroelastic switching. Based on this fact, we propose the six-logic-state multiferroicity. This paper illustrates a tantalizing scheme for achieving and developing two-dimensional ferroelastic ferroelectricity.
Cytogenetic analysis in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss

Background/Aim: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), described as the loss of two or more pregnancies before 24 weeks of pregnancy, remains a concern for both the couples and the clinicians. Genetic factors tend to be strongly linked to reproductive failure among different etiologies. Our goal was to determine the rates and kinds of chromosomal defects in couples who had repeated pregnancy losses and a history of miscarriage in the first trimester. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at a single tertiary center over a 3-year period. Couples who visited the outpatient clinic due to recurrent pregnancy loss and underwent tests to investigate the etiology were included in the study. Ages, number of abortions and genetic results of the patients were recorded. A total of 253 pairs had been tested for karyotype. Conventional cytogenetic method was used to identify chromosomal aberrations. Results: Of 506 cases, chromosomal abnormalities were present in 15 (2.9%). Women were more frequently affected than men, with prevalences of 1.9% and 0.98%, respectively. Eight of the 15 cases (53.3%) showed structural deviations and 2 (13.3%) had numerical abnormalities. Additionally, 5 (33.3%) individuals were found to have chromosome variants. Conclusion: Pregnancy loss is a major adverse life event, and the recurring nature of RPL can intensify the grief experienced. Aside from routine analyses of couples on anatomical, endocrine, and infection factors, these findings suggest that cytogenetic testing is required for an accurate approach to determine the cause of recurrent miscarriages.
Molecular Characteristics of Chitosan and Structure of its Films Formed from Water Solutions of Acetic and Hydrochloric Acids

Molecular characteristics of chitosan in diluted water solutions of acetic and hydrochloric acids were studied by viscometry, dynamic light scattering, and thin layer chromatography. Chitosan molecules were found to undergo destruction in the solutions of hydrochloric acid and its mixtures with acetic acid. The structure of the chitosan films cast from these solvents was studied by DSC, TGA, and SEM. As shown by electron microscopic data, all the films had an amorphous-crystalline structure but the films prepared from chitosan solutions in diluted hydrochloric acid were characterized by a higher degree of crystallinity. It was supposed that a lower molecular mass of chitosan molecules in the hydrochloric acid solutions results in more extended conformations providing a higher capability of self-organization and formation of regular supermolecular structure. The difference in crystal modification in structure of the films cast of these acids was observed. It was found that the films prepared from the mixtures of acids had a spherulite structure and the crystal modification like ones cast from hydrochloric acid, but with a lower degree of crystallinity.