Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactions between evolved pesticide resistance and pesticide exposure influence immunity against pathogens

Pesticide resistance readily evolves in natural insect populations and often coopts the same stress, detoxification, and immune pathways involved in physiological responses against primary pathogen and pesticide exposure. As a result, resistance evolution can alter antagonism or facilitation among chemical and biological pest control strategies in directions that remain difficult to predict. To investigate the interactive effects of chemical pesticide resistance, exposure, and bacterial infection on insect phenotypes, we experimentally evolved resistance to two different classes of pesticides (organophosphates and pyrethroids) in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. We exposed pesticide susceptible and resistant lines to pesticides, the entomopathogen and biocontrol agent Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), or both. Pesticide resistance and Bt exposure were individually associated with slower development, indicating sub-lethal fitness costs of resistance and infection, respectively. After organophosphate exposure, however, beetles developed more quickly and were more likely to survive if also exposed to Bt. We used RNAseq to examine the interactive effects of pesticide resistance, pesticide exposure, and Bt exposure on gene expression. Pyrethroid-resistant insects exhibited dampened immune responses to Bt infection relative to susceptible ones. In a similar vein, simultaneous exposure to organophosphates and Bt resulted in muted stress-associated transcriptional responses compared to exposure with only one factor. Our results suggest that direct and host-mediated indirect interactions among pathogens and pesticides may buffer the cost of exposure to host fitness-associated traits within generations but exacerbate trade-offs over evolutionary time.
Assessment of peripheral artery disease risk in building construction workers by Ankle-Brachial index measurement with automated oscillometric and hand-held Doppler device

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains underdiagnosed, partly because of the limitations of the Doppler ankle-brachial index (ABI) with regards to equipment, training, and time constraints. Aims: To compare the accuracy and validity of automated oscillometric ABI measurement in detecting PAD in primary care settings against a gold standard Doppler device. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the physiology department, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences (DrRMLIMS), Lucknow. Methods and Material: A total of 200 male building construction workers of all types of age groups between 20 and 40 years were recruited. The ABI measurement was performed using the Watch BP Office and hand-held HI.dop, BT-200 Vascular Doppler device. Statistical Analysis Used: The Bland-Altman plot and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve were determined to analyze the agreement between the two methods. For the reliability of the test, Pearson's correlation with linear regression was done and the intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient was calculated. Results: The mean ABI (Osc) and ABI (Dop) were 1.13 ± 0.09 and 1.06 ± 0.08, respectively. The ABI (Dop) and ABI (Osc) methods were highly correlated Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.96 with 95% confidence interval (CI) ranges between 0.985 and 1.066 (P < 0.001). On linear regression analysis, the ABI (Dop) predicted ABI (Osc) 92.6% correctly. The paired mean difference between the two measuring devices was 0.07 (95% CI = −0.03 to −0.12). At 0.90 cut-off value of diagnosing PAD, the sensitivity is 50%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, and negative predictive value 97% by an oscillometric automated device. Conclusion: Our finding suggested that ABI measurement by the automated oscillometric device is reliable, free of examiner bias, and less time-consuming.
Blogging about The Covid-19 Pandemic in EFL Writing Courses

This study aims to find out whether EFL instructors at Saudi universities use blogs; whether EFL students blog about themes related to the Covid-19 Pandemic in EFL course; to show EFL instructors how a class blog can be used to blog about the Covid-19 Pandemic and to give examples of topics related to the Covid-19 Pandemic that can be utilized in blogging activities. Results of surveys showed that EFL instructors do not use blogs in their EFL courses and do not blog about the Covid-19 Pandemic in their writing courses. Therefore, this study presents a model for blogging about the Covid-19 Pandemic in EFL writing courses. Topics about the Covid-19 Pandemic are characterized by being current, familiar, tangible, specific and widespread. The students will have no problem in generating ideas and will only need to focus on organizing ideas, and linguistic aspects. A class blog can be selected and used as a supplement to in-class EFL writing instruction for freshman students. The students can search for articles, photos, or videos related to the Covid-19 topic assigned and write a short paragraph or s summary of the article or video and posted in the blog. They post questions, comments, reactions and feedback on their classmates’ blogposts’ form and content. The instructor serves as a facilitator while the students are blogging. She encourages the students to write and interact. The article ends with some recommendations for expanding the blogging activity of EFL students in writing courses.
A novel 5′ DNA binding site in RFC facilitates PCNA loading for gap DNA repair

RFC uses ATP to assemble PCNA onto primed sites for replicative DNA polymerases δ and γ. The RFC pentamer forms a central chamber that binds 3′ ss/ds DNA junctions to load PCNA onto DNA during replication. We show here five structures revealing a novel 2nd DNA binding site in RFC that binds a 5′ duplex. This 5′ DNA site is located in the N-terminal BRCT domain and AAA+ module of the large Rfc1 subunit. It appears 5′ DNA binds after 3′ DNA binding to RFC. Our structures reveal ideal binding to a 7-nt gap, which includes 2 bp unwound by the clamp loader. Biochemical studies show enhanced binding to 5 and 10 nt gaps, consistent with the structural results. We propose that the 5′ site facilitates RFC’s PCNA loading activity at a DNA damage-induced gap to recruit gap-filling polymerases. These findings are consistent with genetic studies showing that base excision repair of gaps greater than 1 base requires PCNA and involves the 5′ DNA binding domain of Rfc1. We further observe that a 5′ end facilitates PCNA loading at an RPA coated 50-nt gap, suggesting a potential role of the RFC 5′ DNA site in longer gaps including during lagging strand DNA synthesis.
Exploring the Effects of Promoting Feminine Leaders on Women’s Interest in STEM

In two pre-registered studies (N = 1,202), female college students expressed greater feelings of belonging and trust in a science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) company whose leaders exhibited stereotypically feminine (vs. masculine) characteristics. The positive impact of feminine leaders was found for both female and male leaders and was mediated by participants’ felt similarity to the leaders. This mediation model held even after controlling for other perceptions of leaders, such as perceived communality. The findings in this article extend past research on men as identity-safety cues for women in STEM and suggest that promoting leaders’ femininity could be an effective strategy to increase women’s identification with STEM.
Emotions and pedagogical change in physical education teacher education: a collaborative self-study

ABSTRACT Emotions are foundational to teaching and teacher education practice. They can influence all aspects of the change process, including considerations of relationships, pedagogical and curricular decisions, and organizational structures. While the study of emotions in teaching has increased since the 1990s, less explicit attention has been paid to the role of emotions in teacher education practice. Using a sociocultural perspective on emotion, the purpose of this research was to consider the emotional aspects of pedagogical change experienced by teacher educators. The context in which change occurred was the development and enactment of a blended course (i.e. using face-to-face and online formats) in one physical education teacher education program. Collaborative self-study of teacher education practice methodology guided the research design, including the processes of critical friendship, and data collection and analysis strategies. Emotions were omnipresent throughout the pedagogical change process and were expressed by both the teacher educator whose practice was being examined and the critical friend. Emotions were often experienced in contrasting ways and in tension to each other; for example, trust-distrust, and uncertainty-confidence. The explicit focus on the emotional dimension brought to life the teacher educators’ experiences, taking the analysis beyond the technical and rational implementation of decisions and offering a humanistic perspective on the pedagogical change process. The focus on emotion carries implications for policies and practices related to the ongoing professional development of teacher educators.
Numerical investigation of turning diffuser performance: validation and verification-model II

This paper aims to validate the numerical method used to intensively study the performance of turning diffuser. A 3-D turning diffuser of area ratio (AR=2.16), outlet inlet configurations (W2/W1=1.50, X2/X1=1.44) and inner wall length (Lin/W1=3.99) operated at inflow Reynolds numbers, Rein = 5.786 x 104- 1.775 x 105 was considered. Grid with appropriate size, y+ was occupied relatively in dense close to the walls. The quality and independency of grid was examined. The applicability of k-  turbulence models, i.e. standard k-  (ske), renormalization group k-  (rngke) and realizable k-  (rke) by means of adopting different near wall treatments to simulate the actual cases, was assessed. The enhanced wall treatment, y+  1.2-1.7 adopted ske appeared as the best validated model, producing minimal deviation with comparable flow structures to the actual cases.
A better foundation for national security? The ethics of national risk assessments in the Nordic region

Aiming at analysing all major security risks to a country, comprehensive National Risk Assessments (NRAs) can be used as a foundation for national security policies. Doing so manifests a modernist dream of securing societies through the anticipatory governance of risks. Yet, this dream resembles a nightmare of undemocratic state control in the name of security. Based on a critique of the politics of NRAs, this article offers a theoretical framework for evaluating their scientific and political credentials. Drawing on political theory of technocratic expert rule, ethical criteria of epistemic reliability and political representation are introduced to the debate. These criteria are then applied to an analysis of the NRAs of Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Iceland. I argue that although these NRAs are convincing correctives to the risk perceptions of politicians and civil society, they are insufficiently reliable and representative for defining the scope and priorities of national security policies at large.
Individualisation of the training process of tennis players using the heart rate monitor

This study aims to demonstrate the efficiency and necessity of heart rate monitoring and especially individualising workouts depending on each athlete’s response to the effort provided in both training and everyday life. The study included a group of 6 female tennis players aged 13-14, with 6-7 years of tennis experience. The methods used to conduct this study were the following: bibliographic documentation, direct and indirect observation, testing and measurement, graphical method. In this research, the Polar M400 Heart Rate Monitor was used during the 14 weeks of training. Each girl athlete has her own device (watch and chest belt) and own Polar Flow account where data are transferred from the watch. The software allowed us to record data during the physical training and tennis training of athletes, as well as their daily activity expressed as a percentage. The assessments of tested parameters highlighted the following: the 50-minutes run at a pace of 150 beats per minute (bpm) recorded an average increase of 1.3 km, with a percentage increase of 19.78%; basal heart rate recorded an average decrease of 14.3 bpm, with a percentage increase of 18.14%; VO2 max recorded an average increase of 6 ml/kg/min, with a percentage increase of 10.81%. Differences between the initial and final tests indicate progress for each athlete, which means that the methodology of teaching training lessons has been efficient and therefore the performance of athletes has increased.
Degrees of Pain, Levels of Cartilaginous Oligomeric Matrix Protein, and Degrees of Kellgren-Lawrence of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in Post-Menopausal Women with Osteoporosis are Higher than Post-Menopausal Women without Osteoporosis

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) belong to major health problems affecting the overall well-being and quality of life of the patient, both can occur simultaneously. Loss of subchondral bone characterizes OP and early phase of OA. Biological markers, including cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), describe this pathological process. We aim to evaluate the role of OP on OA through pain level (VAS), COMP level and Kellgren-Lawrence degree in post-menopausal women with OA. Methods: This is a case-control study conducted in Sanglah General Hospital during March-August 2021. Consecutive sampling was performed, with study subjects being post-menopausal women aged 50-70 years old suffering from OA with or without OP. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, normality test, and hypothesis testing using independent T-test or Mann-Whitney Test. Results: 33 subjects were involved in this study, with 11 belonged to case and 22 patients to control group. Mean age was 69,12 ± 9,103. Kellgren-Lawrence I, II, III and IV were observed in 3 (9.1%), 7 (21.2%), 14 (42.4%) and 9 (27.3%) patients, respectively. Mild VAS was observed in 17 patients (51.5%), meanwhile moderate VAS was observed in 16 patients (48.5%). High COMP level was found in 17 (51.5%) patients. Hypothesis testing revealed significantly higher COMP level in case group (p=0.042). Degree of pain and Kellgren-Lawrence degree were also significantly higher in control group, with p-value of 0.012 and 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Pain level, serum COMP level and Kellgren-Lawrence degree were significantly higher in post-menopausal women suffering from OA with OP compared to patients without OP. Key words: Osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, VAS, COMP, Kellgren-Lawrence.
4th National Sero Survey of India: Vaccine Generated Antibodies Enhancement

The results of the fourth COVID-19 national serosurvey (June-July 2021) of India have been analysed. Much needed data of vaccine generated antibodies have been reported world first as recorded in Indian population on the ground in real. More than two-thirds of (67.6%) Indian population developed antibodies against the infection. This includes natural immunity build up due to infection and vaccine generated antibodies. Eleven states: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, Gujrat, Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Odisha had sero positivity of >67.6%which was the national average. Ten other states registered < 67.6% seroprevalence were: Punjab, Telangana, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Haryana, Maharashtra, Assam, and Kerala. Single dose vaccination of 24% population added 19% seroprevalence in the population whereas 13% full vaccination increased 28% individuals registered antibodies. The highest (90%) seroprevalence was registered among the individuals who have taken both vaccine doses followed by HCWs (85%). Seroprevalence in 85-90% population might be the threshold for herd immunity which delayed or possibly stopped the third COVID-19 wave in India.
Socio demographic determinants of violence among school-going adolescent girls in a rural area of North India: A cross-sectional study

Background: The United Nations defines violence against women as “any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life”. [1] Violence can take many forms, including physical, sexual or emotional and varies in its severity. Gender discrimination, norms and practices mean that adolescent girls are likely to experience certain forms of violence, such as sexual violence, at much higher rates than boys. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural block of North India. A total of 500 adolescent girls in the age group of 13–19 years studying in class VIII to class XII in 10 government and private senior secondary schools of the Lakhanmajra block were included in the study. A pre-designed pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule was used. Results: In this study, we found the prevalence of physical, sexual and emotional violence among adolescent girls as 6.6, 5.4 and 5.2%, respectively. The most frequent perpetrator of physical violence was the parent and of sexual violence was the neighbour followed by friends or relatives. Higher emotional violence was experienced by adolescent girls from middle-class families (P < 0.05). The prevalence of physical violence among adolescent girls was maximum in the younger age group 13–14 years (10.2%), followed by 15–17 years (4.0%). This association was found statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: There are several restrictions on free communication about violence-related topics in our highly conservative society. Blaming the victim is the rule rather than the exception and sexual abuse is usually linked to a loss of virginity and family honour in our patriarchal society. Hence, girls may be more reluctant to disclose their experience of violence.
The role of buzz and viral marketing strategic on purchase intention and supply chain performance

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of viral marketing and purchase intention, the influence between viral marketing and supply chain performance, the influence buzz marketing and purchase intention, the positive buzz marketing and supply chain performance, and the influence between purchase intention and supply chain performance. This study uses quantitative methods and data analysis techniques Structural Equation Modeling Equation Modeling using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The sample selection method used the snowball sampling method. Online questionnaires were sent to respondents as many as 120 Freight Forwarders in DKI Jakarta. Based on data analysis, it was found that there is a positive influence between viral marketing and purchase intention, there is a positive influence between viral marketing and supply chain performance, there is a positive influence between buzz marketing and purchase intention. There is a positive influence between marketing buzz and supply chain performance. There is a positive influence between purchase intention and supply chain performance. The novelty of this research is a model of the relationship between viral and buzz marketing on purchase intention and supply chain performance and the results of this study can be applied in other organizations and in other countries.
Self-Consciousness of Tounsawang Women Ethnic in Individual, Family, and Social-Economic Empowerment in Southeast Minahasa, North Sulawesi

This study aims to examine and analyze the Self-Consciousness of women from the Tounsawang Southeast Minahasa ethnic group in empowering themselves. The research problem is how Self Consciousness of Women in self-empowerment, Family empowerment, and Socio-Economic work. By using qualitative methods, the research was conducted in the sample areas named Betelen Village, Tombatu Satu and Tombatu Dua. The results of the study are 1. Women have very high awareness in empowering themselves because women interpret the principles of Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou as humans live to bring others to life. 2. Women empower their families by working hard and replacing their husbands in Mapalus work and also representing the family in various community activities. 3. Women are empowered in social and economic life to increase family income and welfare.
The influence of tangible resources and operational performance to promote financial performance of electronic industry

The objective of this study is to examine the role of tangible resources and operational performance (OP) in the financial performance (FP). This study examined the relationship between tangible resources, OP, supply chain, profitability and sustainable FP. Furthermore, this study examined the mediation effect of supply chain and profitability. Indonesian electronic companies were selected in the current study for data collection. Therefore, the population is grounded on the Indonesian electronic companies and data were collected from the employees of these companies. 600 questionnaires were used in this study for data collection and 350 questionnaires were returned to analyze the data. Data analysis was carried out through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results of the study highlighted that resources are the major role in FP. Particularly, the tangible resources of the company are vital to enhance the performance in financial terms. Tangible resources have a positive effect on OP, supply chain and profitability. Furthermore, OP has a positive effect on supply chain and profitability which further increases the FP.
Ecopreneurship biology learning with local resources to raise high school student entrepreneurial interest

This study has a goal to implement entrepreneurship-based biology learning with an awareness of the sustainability of resources and the environment known as ecopreneurship. Ecopreneurship biology learning activities with local resources are expected to foster student entrepreneurial interest. Quasi-experimental method with purposive sampling technique was used in this study with tenth-grade students at senior high school involved as the subjects. Ecopreneurship biology learning is carried out through five stages (introduction, concept formation, concept integration, concept application, and product exhibition. The research instruments were questionnaire on entrepreneurial interest, observation of learning activities, and assessment of students' ecopreneur products. The findings show that the student entrepreneurial interest increases by 9.58% (low category), 76% of students are actively involved during the learning process, and the average score of ecopreneur-product making is 3.1 (good category)
Briefing: Experimental and theoretical bending stiffness of cross-laminated timber panels

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is an engineered timber product comprising boards of strength-graded timber glued together in laminae to form large plane sections. CLT sections are used to create structural elements including walls, floors and roofs. This briefing paper presents the results of a series of stiffness tests, including both composite sections and their constituent individual component boards. The composite results are compared with the output of three widely used design calculation methods: the shear analogy method, the gamma method and the K-method. This comparison demonstrates the sensitivity of the calculated stiffness to the variation in component stiffness between recorded and graded values. As there is a lack of readily available in-depth test data linking recorded component stiffness to recorded composite stiffness, this paper aims to improve the understanding of the link between these two values. The results have shown that the gamma method was the only design calculation that remained c.