Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENTS OF GEOMETRIC, HYSTERETIC AND DYNAMIC SEXTUPOLE IN TEVATRON DIPOLES

Beam loss and emittance dilution during ramping from injection to collision energy is observed in the Tevatron, now in its collider run-II stage. Imperfect control of the machine chromaticity during the injection porch and the ensuing ramp to collision could contribute to the beam loss. Dipole magnets are the main source of chromaticity in the Tevatron. Sextupole correctors are distributed around the ring to compensate for the sextupole from the dipole magnets. Furthermore, the sextupole component in the superconducting Tevatron dipole magnets decays during the injection plateau and snaps back to the value before the start of the decay at the start of the ramp. The chromaticity correctors also correct for this so-called dynamic sextupole behavior. To determine if the sextupole compensation is working successfully in the Tevatron a thorough investigation of the sextupole (b2) in Tevatron dipole magnets was recently conducted. This included an extensive series of off-line magnetic measurements on several Tevatron dipole magnets from the spare pool. Traditionally one differentiates between three different b2 components, geometric, hysteretic and dynamic. This note discusses the results of these measurements. The experiments were also complemented with magnetic field calculations and analysis of data from the Tevatron magnetic measurement archive. On the basis of this document it is hoped that the chromaticity correction scheme in the Tevatron can be improved. Such improvements, however, are discussed in a separate note on the Tevatron chromaticity compensation (TD-03-008 – Revision I). This work is essentially a continuation of a similar study conducted in 1996 [1], on the basis of which the chromaticity correction scheme for the Tevatron run II was devised.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of CIGB-258 against Acute Toxicity of Carboxymethyllysine in Paralyzed Zebrafish via Enhancement of High-Density Lipoproteins Stability and Functionality

Background: Hyperinflammation is frequently associated with the chronic pain of autoimmune disease and the acute death of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) via a severe cytokine cascade. CIGB-258 (Jusvinza®), an altered peptide ligand with 3 kDa from heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), inhibits the systemic inflammation and cytokine storm, but the precise mechanism is still unknown. Objective: The protective effect of CIGB-258 against inflammatory stress of N-ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) was tested to provide mechanistic insight. Methods: CIGB-258 was treated to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and injected into zebrafish and its embryo to test a putative anti-inflammatory activity under presence of CML. Results: Treatment of CML (final 200 μM) caused remarkable glycation of HDL with severe aggregation of HDL particles to produce dysfunctional HDL, which is associated with a decrease in apolipoprotein A-I stability and lowered paraoxonase activity. Degradation of HDL3 by ferrous ions was attenuated by a co-treatment with CIGB-258 with a red-shift of the Trp fluorescence in HDL. A microinjection of CML (500 ng) into zebrafish embryos resulted in the highest embryo death rate, only 18% of survivability with developmental defects. However, co-injection of CIGB-258 (final 1 ng) caused the remarkable elevation of survivability around 58%, as well as normal developmental speed. An intraperitoneal injection of CML (final 250 μg) into adult zebrafish resulted acute paralysis, sudden death, and laying down on the bottom of the cage with no swimming ability via neurotoxicity and inflammation. However, a co-injection of CIGB-258 (1 μg) resulted in faster recovery of the swimming ability and higher survivability than CML alone injection. The CML alone group showed 49% survivability, while the CIGB-258 group showed 97% survivability (p < 0.001) with a remarkable decrease in hepatic inflammation up to 50%. A comparison of efficacy with CIGB-258, Infliximab (Remsima®), and Tocilizumab (Actemra®) showed that the CIGB-258 group exhibited faster recovery and swimming ability with higher survivability than those of the Infliximab group. The CIGB-258 group and Tocilizumab group showed the highest survivability, the lowest plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride level, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils in hepatic tissue. Conclusion: CIGB-258 ameliorated the acute neurotoxicity, paralysis, hyperinflammation, and death induced by CML, resulting in higher survivability in zebrafish and its embryos by enhancing the HDL structure and functionality.
Chinese Children with Congenital and Acquired Blindness Represent Concrete Concepts in Vertical Space through Tactile Perception

Many studies have tested perceptual symbols in conceptual processing and found that perceptual symbols contain experiences from multisensory channels. However, whether the disability of one sensory channel affects the processing of the perceptual symbols and then affects conceptual processing is still unknown. This line of research would extend the perceptual symbol theory and have implications for language rehabilitation and mental health for people with disabilities. Therefore, the present study filled in this gap and tested whether Chinese children with congenital and acquired blindness have difficulty in recruiting perceptual symbols in the processing of concrete concepts. Experiment 1 used the word-pair-matching paradigm to test whether blind children used vertical space information in understanding concrete word pairs. Experiment 2 used the word-card-pairing paradigm to test the role of tactile experiences in the processing of concrete concepts for blind children. Results found that blind children automatically activated the spatial information of referents in the processing of concepts through the tactile sensory channel even when the visual sensory channel was disabled. This finding supported the compensatory phenomenon of other sensory channels in conceptual representation. In addition, the difference between elementary school blind children and middle school blind children in judging the spatial position of concrete words also indicated the vital influence of perceptual experiences on perceptual symbols in conceptual representation. Interestingly, there were no significant differences between children with congenital or acquired blindness. This might suggest that the compensatory of other sensory channels did not have a sensitive period. This study not only provided new evidence for the perceptual symbol theory but also found that perceptual symbols could be developed by a compensatory mechanism. This compensatory mechanism can be used to develop a rehabilitation program for improving language learning in blind children. Improved language ability in blind children will also improve their mental health problems caused by difficulties in social interaction (e.g., social anxiety).
THERMAL AND RADIATIVE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS FEEDBACK HAVE A LIMITED IMPACT ON STAR FORMATION IN HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES

The effects of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on their host galaxies depend on the coupling between the injected energy and the interstellar medium (ISM). Here, we model and quantify the impact of long-range AGN ionizing radiation—in addition to the often considered small-scale energy deposition—on the physical state of the multi-phase ISM of the host galaxy and on its total star formation rate (SFR). We formulate an AGN spectral energy distribution matched with observations, which we use with the radiative transfer (RT) code Cloudy to compute AGN ionization in a simulated high-redshift disk galaxy. We use a high-resolution (∼6 pc) simulation including standard thermal AGN feedback and calculate RT in post-processing. Surprisingly, while these models produce significant AGN-driven outflows, we find that AGN ionizing radiation and heating reduce the SFR by a few percent at most for a quasar luminosity (Lbol = 1046.5 erg s−1). Although the circumgalactic gaseous halo can be kept almost entirely ionized by the AGN, most star-forming clouds (n ≳ 102 − 3 cm−3) and even the reservoirs of cool atomic gas (n ∼ 0.3–10 cm−3)—which are the sites of future star formation (SF; 100–200 Myr), are generally too dense to be significantly affected. Our analysis ignores any absorption from a putative torus, making our results upper limits on the effects of ionizing radiation. Therefore, while the AGN-driven outflows can remove substantial amounts of gas in the long term, the impact of AGN feedback on the SF efficiency in the interstellar gas in high-redshift galaxies is marginal, even when long-range radiative effects are accounted for.
Importance of coordination number and bond length in titanium revealed by electronic structure investigations

We study the influence of coordination number and bond length on the phase stability and orbital occupation in Ti using density functional theory. In particular, Ti under a wide range of conditions (equilibrium state, hydrostatic pressure, anisotropic strain, and phase transformations) is systematically investigated allowing us to derive generic energetic and electronic trends. Our analysis of the correlations between electronic structure and the atomic geometry reveals that the most suitable descriptors of the system are an effective coordination number and an effective bond length. Utilizing these descriptors, we show that (i) the phase stability of Ti increases with coordination number, because of the increased number of interatomic bonds; (ii) the occupation number of the d (s and p) orbital decreases (increases) with increasing the bond length, because of the localized (delocalized) character of the d (p and s) orbital. These dependencies are particularly evident after applying a simple harmonic strain correction to the energy and an electron‐transfer correction within the ω phase. The physical picture derived from pure Ti is used to explain the phase stability and orbital occupation of Ti–Nb and Ti–Zr alloys, which reveals the underlying mechanisms for various experimental phenomena in Ti alloys.
Gender and its role in critical thinking and critical thinking strategies used by EFL learners

Among many aspects of reading that were under investigation rightfully and thoroughly, the effect of gender on critical thinking in general and critical thinking strategy use, in particular, seemed to be neglected. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible role of gender in the critical thinking and critical thinking strategy use of EFL learners. To do so, a qualitative case study consisting of four participants was conducted. Two of them were male and the other two were female students at the University of Mazandaran. Analysis of participants' recorded think-aloud protocols reveals that first, gender had no role to play in the critical thinking and critical thinking strategy use; Second, both male and female participants of the study used the same variety of strategies. In this way, there was no difference in male and female strategy use and nothing particular emerged as feminine strategies.
An Anisotropic P-adaptive Method for Linear Elastostatic and Elastodynamic Analysis of Thin-walled and Massive Structures

An anisotropic p-adaptive method for linear elastostatic and linear elastodynamic problems is proposed, based on a high-order hexahedral element formulation allowing for an independent adjustment of the polynomial degrees for different local directions and different components of the cartesian displacement vectors. The p-adaptive method for static problems is driven by an anisotropic hierarchic error indicator based on the idea of locally projecting the solution from a given Ansatz space to a reduced, hierarchically nested space, minimizing the difference in strain energy. The p-adaptive method for dynamic problems is based on adjusting the polynomial degrees to achieve an optimal representation of the dominant eigenfrequencies, obtained from an initial transient computation with a coarse discretization. The p-adaptive eigensolver required for this purpose is driven by an analogously constructed, locally computed, anisotropic hierarchic error indicator, thus minimizing the Rayleigh quotient. For all numerical examples investigated herein, the p-adaptive discretizations show a considerably higher efficiency and higher rates of convergence compared to uniform p-refinement. This method can accordingly be understood as a remedy for one basic problem of uniform h- and p-versions, i.e. the possibly poor asymptotic behavior, especially in presence of any irregularities in the solution. As a result, it is possible to obtain an efficient, fully three-dimensional discretization of both thin-walled and compact parts of structures.
Parallélisation massive du recuit simulé

On commencera par la generalisation aux recuits sans potentiel de certains resultats de grandes deviations d'olivier catoni et l'on etablira l'expression de l'exposant optimal pour les suites triangulaires de schemas de temperatures dependant de l'horizon. On donnera un algorithme de calcul des constantes critiques au travers d'une decomposition effective selon les cycles de wentzell et freidlin. Nous considerons ensuite les formes massivement parallele du recuit simule pour des espaces de configurations definies par une famille de labels indexes par un ensemble fini de sites. Apres avoir donne un cadre general du recuit massivement parallele, nous developperons la parallelisation a taux fixe ou a chaque iteration un site peut etre gele avec une probabilite fixee. On s'interessera en particulier au role du taux de parallelisation et de la structure de voisinages dans le comportement a basse temperature de l'algorithme et dans l'efficacite de la parallelisation. On montrera egalement la singularite de l'algorithme totalement parallele. On etudiera enfin une forme de la parallelisation du recuit simule ou l'on controle dynamiquement les renouvellements simultanes de sites voisins. On montrera pour ce dernier algorithme la convergence vers les minima globaux et on menera une comparaison numerique avec le recuit parallele par codage classique
IMPLEMENTATION OF SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING TO DETERMINE THE BEST EMPLOYEES IN THE CAMAT TINGGI RAJA OFFICE

Decision-making for the best employees in Camat Tinggi Raja Tinggi Office requires objective and transparent considerations to select the best employees. This study aimed to apply the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method to determine the best employees in Camat Tinggi Raja Tinggi Office. This research method used quantitative methods. The data collected was in the form of employee data of the Raja Tinggi Subdistrict Office in the form of names, attitudes, work discipline, loyalty, responsibilities, and task completion. Data were analyzed using the SAW method based on preference values. The results showed that the employee with the name S had the highest preference value, 0.88. This research concludes that the SAW method decides the best employee in Camat Tinggi Raja Tinggi Office, namely the employee with the name S
Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase and Hepatocyte Growth Factor Are Risk Factors of Sudden Cardiac Death Due to First-Ever Myocardial Infarction

Patients at a high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) without previous history of cardiovascular disease remain a challenge to identify. Atherosclerosis and prothrombotic states involve inflammation and non-cardiac tissue damage that may play active roles in SCD development. Therefore, we hypothesized that circulating proteins implicated in inflammation and tissue damage are linked to the future risk of SCD. We conducted a prospective nested case–control study of SCD cases with verified myocardial infarction (N = 224) and matched controls without myocardial infarction (N = 224), aged 60 ± 10 years time and median time to event was 8 years. Protein concentrations (N = 122) were measured using a proximity extension immunoassay. The analyses revealed 14 proteins significantly associated with an increased risk of SCD, from which two remained significant after adjusting for smoking status, systolic blood pressure, BMI, cholesterol, and glucose levels. We identified leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H, odds ratio 1.80, corrected confidence interval (CIcorr) 1.02–3.17) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF; odds ratio 1.81, CIcorr 1.06–3.11) as independent risk markers of SCD. Elevated LTA4H may reflect increased systemic and pulmonary neutrophilic inflammatory processes that can contribute to atherosclerotic plaque instability. Increased HGF levels are linked to obesity-related metabolic disturbances that are more prevalent in SCD cases than the controls.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is one of the most common sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD). It has attracted much attention due to high morbidity, poor quality of life, increased risk for accidents, obscure mechanisms, comorbidity with PD and limited therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the current literature on epidemiology of EDS in PD to address the discrepancy between subjective and objective measures and clarify the reason for the inconsistent prevalence in previous studies. Besides, we focus on the effects of commonly used antiparkinsonian drugs on EDS and related pharmacological mechanisms to provide evidence for rational clinical medication in sleepy PD patients. More importantly, degeneration of wake-promoting nuclei owing to primary neurodegenerative process of PD is the underlying pathogenesis of EDS. Accordingly, altered wake-promoting nerve nuclei and neurotransmitter systems in PD patients are highlighted to providing clues for identifying EDS-causing targets in the sleep and wake cycles. Future mechanistic studies toward this direction will hopefully advance the development of novel and specific interventions for EDS in PD patients.
Amaryllidaceae-Type Alkaloids from Pancratium maritimum: Apoptosis-Inducing Effect and Cell Cycle Arrest on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Aiming to find Amaryllidaceae alkaloids against breast cancer, including the highly aggressive triple-negative breast cancer, the phytochemical study of Pancratium maritimum was carried out. Several Amaryllidaceae-type alkaloids, bearing scaffolds of the haemanthamine-, homolycorine-, lycorine-, galanthamine-, and tazettine-type were isolated (3–11), along with one alkamide (2) and a phenolic compound (1). The antiproliferative effect of compounds (1–11) was evaluated by the sulforhodamine B assay against triple-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, breast cancer cells MCF-7, and the non-malignant fibroblast (HFF-1) and breast (MCF12A) cell lines. The alkaloids 3, 5, 7, and 11 showed significant growth inhibitory effects against all breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) values ranging from 0.73 to 16.3 µM. The homolycorine-type alkaloid 7 was selected for further investigation in MDA-MB-231 cells. In the annexin-V assay, compound 7 increased cell death by apoptosis, which was substantiated, in western blot analyses, by the increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and the decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. Consistently, it further stimulated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The antiproliferative effect of compound 7 was also associated with G2/M cell cycle arrest, which was supported by an increase in the p21 protein expression levels. In MDA-MB-231 cells, compound 7 also exhibited synergistic effects with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs such as etoposide.
Uniform integrability of exponential martingales and spectral bounds of non-local Feynman-Kac semigroups

In the first part of this paper, we give a useful criterion for uniform integrability of exponential martingales in the context of Markov processes. The condition of this criterion is easy to verify and is, in general, much weaker than the commonly used Novikov's condition. In the second part of this paper, we present a new approach to the study of spectral bounds of Feynman-Kac semigroups for a large class of symmetric Markov processes. We first establish criteria for the $L^p$-independence of spectral bounds for Feynman-Kac semigroups generated by continuous additive functionals, using gaugeability results obtained by the author in \cite{C}. We then extend these analytic criteria for the $L^p$-independence of spectral bounds to non-local Feynman-Kac semigroups via pure jump Girsanov transforms. For this, the uniform integrability of the exponential martingales established in the first part of this paper plays an important role. We use it to show that Kato classes introduced in \cite{C} can only become larger under pure jump Girsanov transforms with symmetric jumping functions.
PIK3CA Mutation Is Associated with Poor Response to HER2-Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients

Purpose Mutations in the PIK3CA gene occur frequently in breast cancer patients. Activating PIK3CA mutations confer resistance to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–targeted treatments. In this study, we investigated whether PIK3CA mutations were correlated with treatment response or duration in patients with HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical information of patients with HER2+ breast cancer who received HER2-targeted therapy for early-stage or metastatic cancers. The pathologic complete response (pCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were compared between patients with wild-type PIK3CA (PIK3CAw) and those with mutated PIK3CA (PIK3CAm). Next-generation sequencing was combined with examination of PFS associated with anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment. Results Data from 90 patients with HER2+ breast cancer were analyzed. Overall, 34 patients (37.8%) had pathogenic PIK3CA mutations. The pCR rate of the PIK3CAm group was lower than that of the PIK3CAw group among patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage cancer. In the metastatic setting, the PIK3CAm group showed a significantly shorter mean PFS (mPFS) with first-line anti-HER2 mAb. The mPFS of second-line T-DM1 was lower in the PIK3CAm group than that in the PIK3CAw group. Sequencing revealed differences in the mutational landscape between PIK3CAm and PIK3CAw tumors. Conclusion Patients with HER2+ breast cancer with activating PIK3CA mutations had lower pCR rates and shorter PFS with palliative HER2-targeted therapy than those with wild-type PIK3CA. Precise targeted therapy is needed to improve survival of patients with HER2+/PIK3CAm breast cancer.
Influence of Factors in Social Environment on Stock Market Participation

Stock market participation has long been a hot topic of discussion and many studies have focused on analyzing the effects of different factors on stock market participation. Most of these studies have focused on the effects of three areas: education, intrahousehold, and religion. Therefore, this paper will mainly focus on these three areas, conduct a literature review, summarize the previous views and present future perspectives.