Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Future time perspective and group performance among students Role of student engagement and group cohesion

Purpose – The objective of this study is to understand the mediating role of student engagement between future time perspective and group task performance. In addition, the study examines the interaction effect of group cohesion task with student engagement on group performance. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 170 (a total of 34 groups of five members each) business management students for three consecutive months. To analyze the data, multi-level modeling was carried out. Findings – The resultsofthe three-wavemulti-levelanalysisindicatesupportforthe hypothesesand suggest that future time perspective affects group performance through student engagement. Moreover, group cohesion interacts with student engagement to predict group task performance. Research limitations/implications – The findings show how the application of engagement theory can help in understanding the relationship between two distant variables, namely, future time perspective and group performance. Practical implications – The educators are encouraged to engage students for facilitating the positive impact of future time perspective on group task performance. The findings also imply that the students with future orientation perform well and thus, the educators may need to teach students to have futuristic perspective. Originality/value – This study in one of its kinds to test the mediating role of student engagement between futuretimeperspectiveandgrouptaskperformanceaswellastheinteractioneffectofgroupcohesiontaskwithstudentengagementongroupperformanceatboththeindividualandgroupleveloveraperiodoftime.
Estimation and Hypothesis Testing in Finite Mixture Models

SUMMARY Finite mixture models are a useful class of models for application to data. When sample sizes are not large and the number of underlying densities is in question, likelihood ratio tests based on joint maximum likelihood estimation of the mixing parameter, X, and the parameter of the underlying densities, 0, are problematical. Our approach places a prior distribution on X and estimates 0 by maximizing the likelihood of the data given 0 with X integrated out. Advantages of this approach, computational issues using the EM algorithm and directions for further work are discussed. The technique is applied to two examples.
Birds of a Feather Trust Together: Knowing When to Trust a Classifier via Adaptive Neighborhood Aggregation

How do we know when the predictions made by a classifier can be trusted? This is a fundamental problem that also has immense practical applicability, especially in safety-critical areas such as medicine and autonomous driving. The de facto approach of using the classifier's softmax outputs as a proxy for trustworthiness suffers from the over-confidence issue; while the most recent works incur problems such as additional retraining cost and accuracy versus trustworthiness trade-off. In this work, we argue that the trustworthiness of a classifier's prediction for a sample is highly associated with two factors: the sample's neighborhood information and the classifier's output. To combine the best of both worlds, we design a model-agnostic post-hoc approach NeighborAgg to leverage the two essential information via an adaptive neighborhood aggregation. Theoretically, we show that NeighborAgg is a generalized version of a one-hop graph convolutional network, inheriting the powerful modeling ability to capture the varying similarity between samples within each class. We also extend our approach to the closely related task of mislabel detection and provide a theoretical coverage guarantee to bound the false negative. Empirically, extensive experiments on image and tabular benchmarks verify our theory and suggest that NeighborAgg outperforms other methods, achieving state-of-the-art trustworthiness performance.
Optimum soil moisture for urban solid waste disposal purposes

: The generation of solid waste combined with the proper disposal of these wastes are determining factors in landfills both for the environmental issue and for public health. In this context, the physical variables of the soil in relation to the permeability of the soil are essential for the safe operation of landfills. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimal soil moisture for maximum compaction. The study was carried out in the area of a sanitary landfill, located in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. The local soil is a RED LATOSOL (Oxisol), in which the compaction test was carried out by the Proctor method and subsequent determination of the saturated hydraulic conductivity, by means of a constant load permeameter. The results indicated a clay percentage of 65 %, which resulted in an optimum moisture content of 34 %, maximum density of 1,395 kg.m - ³, saturated hydraulic conductivity of 2.1 x 10 -6 cm.s - 1 . Thus, it can be concluded that the clayey soil presented the minimum values proposed by the current legislation for the operation of urban waste landfills, in addition to serving as an aid in the decision-making process by management bodies.
Open Novel DNA methylation signatures of tobacco smoking with trans-ethnic eﬀects

Background: Smoking remains one of the leading preventable causes of death. Smoking leaves a strong signature on the blood methylome as shown in multiple studies using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Here, we explore novel blood methylation smoking signals on the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip (EPIC) array, which also targets novel CpG‑sites in enhancers. Method: A smoking‑methylation meta‑analysis was carried out using EPIC DNA methylation profiles in 1407 blood samples from four UK population‑based cohorts, including the MRC National Survey for Health and Development (NSHD) or 1946 British birth cohort, the National Child Development Study (NCDS) or 1958 birth cohort, the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70), and the TwinsUK cohort (TwinsUK). The overall discovery sample included 269 current, 497 former, and 643 never smokers. Replication was pursued in 3425 trans‑ethnic samples, including 2325 American Indian individuals participating in the Strong Heart Study (SHS) in 1989–1991 and 1100 African‑American participants in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy Study (GENOA). Results: Altogether 952 CpG‑sites in 500 genes were differentially methylated between smokers and never smok‑ ers after Bonferroni correction. There were 526 novel smoking‑associated CpG‑sites only profiled by the EPIC array, of which 486 (92%) replicated in a meta‑analysis of the American Indian and African‑American samples. Novel CpG sites mapped both to genes containing previously identified smoking‑methylation signals and to 80 novel genes not previously linked to smoking, with the strongest novel signal in SLAMF7 . Comparison of former versus never smokers identified that 37 of these sites were persistently differentially methylated after cessation, where 16 represented novel signals only profiled by the EPIC array. We observed a depletion of smoking‑associated signals in CpG islands and an enrichment in enhancer regions, consistent with previous results. Conclusion: This study identified novel smoking‑associated signals as possible biomarkers of exposure to smoking and may help improve our understanding of smoking‑related disease risk.
The Potential of Ceylon Spinach ( Talinum triangulare Jacq. Willd. ) on Selected Haematological, Liver and Kidney Parameters

: The study was conducted to determine the potential of Talinum triangulare Jacq. Willd. ) for selected haematological, liver and kidney parameters. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using three-way variance analysis with Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test, post-hoc tests to assess the level of significance between control and experimental groups. The conversion of data to percentages is compared and expressed to quantify the change, and the different parameters tested before and after oral administration have been increased and decreased. Results showed that the leaves of Ceylon Spinach contained an appropriate amount of saponins, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, glycosides, flavonoids and alkaloids. Among the three treatments of the crude extract the 150 mg/kg was consistent and effective to have the highest improvement in terms of increasing the level of RBCs and PCVs which can contribute significantly in the treatment of anaemia, but not in persons with kidney and liver diseases without medical supervisions.
Pathfinder v1.0.1: a Bayesian-inferred simple carbon–climate model to explore climate change scenarios

Abstract. The Pathfinder model was developed to fill a perceived gap within the range of existing simple climate models. Pathfinder is a compilation of existing formulations describing the climate and carbon cycle systems, chosen for their balance between mathematical simplicity and physical accuracy. The resulting model is simple enough to be used with Bayesian inference algorithms for calibration, which enables assimilation of the latest data from complex Earth system models and the IPCC sixth assessment report, as well as a yearly update based on observations of global temperature and atmospheric CO2. The model's simplicity also enables coupling with integrated assessment models and their optimization algorithms or running the model in a backward temperature-driven fashion. In spite of this simplicity, the model accurately reproduces behaviours and results from complex models – including several uncertainty ranges – when run following standardized diagnostic experiments. Pathfinder is an open-source model, and this is its first comprehensive description.
Effect of presoaked superabsorbent polymer on strength and permeability of cement mortar

Curing of cementitious composites is critical to development of strength and impermeability. However, sufficient and complete curing cannot be achieved in many practical construction cases due to the complexity of construction and limited accessibility. Supplying moisture internally through presoaked superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is a viable option to minimise manual curing. This study investigates the effect of internal curing by presoaked SAP on the strength and permeability of cement mortar, subject to wet curing and air curing over 7 d, 28 d and 56 d respectively. Experimental results show that presoaked SAP with up to 30 g of contained water per gram of dry SAP (g/g) is effective as an internal curing agent in mortar under wet curing and dry air curing conditions. Deployment of presoaked SAP in mortar results in a significantly lower reduction in compressive strength compared to plain mortar, when no external water is available. Presoaked SAP has been found to minimise evaporative moisture loss from m.
Reply on RC2

“These POA had considerable fraction of hydrocarbon fragments (CxHy), indicating their less aged status. The HOA profile was characterized by higher contributions of aliphatic hydrocarbons and has dominated ion tracers such as m/z 41 (C3H5), 43 (C3H7), 55 (C4H7) and 57 (C4H9). The HOA concentration correlated with BC (r=0.62), which emits from traffic emissions. The diurnal variation exhibited strong morning and afternoon rushhour peaks of mass concentration. This factor was consistent with the mass spectra of previously measured HOA from on-road vehicle emissions in urban cities (Zhang et al., 2005; Aiken et al., 2009; Sun et al., 2016; Hu et al., 2017), which has m/z peaks characteristic of hydrocarbon fragments in series of CnH2n+1 and CnH2n-1. The mass spectrum of HOA shows overall similarity to those of primary OA emitted from gasoline and diesel combustion sources (r=0.68) (Elser et al., 2016).
Dark matter concentrations and a search for cores in Milky Way dwarf satellites

We investigate the mass distributions within eight classical Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies (MW dSphs) using an equilibrium Jeans analysis and we compare our results to the mass distributions predicted for subhalos in dissipationless \Lambda CDM simulations. In order to match the dark matter density concentrations predicted, the stars in these galaxies must have a fairly significant tangential velocity dispersion anisotropy (\beta ~-1.5). For the limiting case of an isotropic velocity dispersion (\beta =0), the classical MW dSphs predominantly prefer to live in halos that are less concentrated than \Lambda CDM predictions. We also investigate whether the dSphs prefer to live in halos with constant density cores in the limit of isotropic velocity dispersion. Interestingly, even in this limit, not all of the dSphs prefer large constant-density cores: the Sculptor dSph prefers a cusp while Carina, Draco and Leo I prefer cores. The other four dSphs do not show a statistically significant preference for either cuspy or cored profiles. Finally, we re-examine the hypothesis that the density profiles of these eight MW dSphs can be quantified by a common dark matter halo.
Isoform-level transcriptome-wide association uncovers extensive novel genetic risk mechanisms for neuropsychiatric disorders in the human brain

Integrative methods, like colocalization and transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS), identify transcriptomic mechanisms at only a small fraction of trait-associated genetic loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Here, we show that a reliance on reference functional genomics panels of only total gene expression greatly contributes to this reduced discovery. This is particularly relevant for neuropsychiatric traits, as the brain expresses extensive, complex, and unique alternative splicing patterns giving rise to multiple genetically-regulated transcript-isoforms per gene. We introduce isoTWAS, a scalable, multivariate framework to integrate genetics, isoform-level expression, and phenotypic associations in a step-wise testing framework. Multivariate predictive models were trained using isoform-level expression across tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project and in the developing and adult human brain from PsychENCODE. Across five neuropsychiatric traits, isoTWAS dramatically increased discovery of trait associations within GWAS loci, capturing 92 unique loci compared with 27 using gene-level TWAS. These power gains reflected a ~2-fold increase in the number of testable genes, an ~15-35% increase in total gene expression prediction accuracy, and the ability to jointly capture expression and splicing mechanisms. Results from extensive simulations showed no increase in false discovery rate and reinforce isoTWAS's advantages in prediction and trait mapping power over TWAS, especially when genetic effects on expression vary across isoforms of the same gene. We illustrate multiple biologically-relevant isoTWAS-identified trait associations undetectable by gene-level methods, including isoforms of AKT3, GIGFY2, and KMT5A with schizophrenia risk. The isoTWAS framework addresses an unmet need to consider the transcriptome on the transcript-isoform level to maximize discovery of trait associations, especially for brain-relevant traits.
Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: are Workload and Organizational Commitment the Issue?

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of workload and organizational commitment on turnover intention through job satisfaction. The sample in this study were non-civil servant health workers at psychiatric Hospital Dr. Amino Gondohutomo. The data collection method using questionnaires. The data analysis method used were Structure Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) using the SmartPLS 3.0. The results showed that workload had no effect on turnover intention while organizational commitment and job satisfaction had a negative and significant effect on turnover intention. workload has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction, organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction successfully mediates the relationship between workload and organizational commitment on turnover intention. suggestions for hospital management can reduce the workload by increasing the number of health workers. And also, in increasing organizational commitment can create a harmonious atmosphere in the environment.
Emit now, mitigate later? Earth system reversibility under overshoots of different magnitudes and durations

Abstract. Anthropogenic CO2 emissions cause irreversible climate change on centennial to millennial timescales, yet current mitigation efforts are insufficient to limit global warming to a level that is considered safe. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) has been suggested as an option to partially reverse climate change and to return the Earth system to a less dangerous state after a period of temperature overshoot. Whether or to what extent such partial reversal of climate change under CDR would happen is, next to socio-economic feasibility and sustainability, key to assessing CDR as a mitigation option. Here, we use a state-of-the-art Earth system model that includes a representation of permafrost carbon to investigate the reversibility of the Earth system after overshoots of different durations and magnitudes in idealized simulations. We find that atmospheric CO2 concentrations are slightly lower after an overshoot, compared to a reference simulation without overshoot, due to a near-perfect compensation of carbon losses from land by increased ocean carbon uptake during the overshoot periods. The legacy of an overshoot is, on a centennial timescale, indiscernible (within natural variability) from a reference case without overshoot for many aspects of the Earth system including global average surface temperature, marine and terrestrial productivity, strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, surface ocean pH, surface O2 concentration, and permafrost extent, except in the most extreme overshoot scenario considered in this study. Consistent with previous studies, we find irreversibility in permafrost carbon and deep ocean properties like seawater temperature, pH, and O2 concentrations. We do not find any indication of tipping points or self-reinforcing feedbacks that would put the Earth system on a significantly different trajectory after an overshoot. Hence, the effectiveness of CDR in partially reversing large-scale patterns of climate change might not be the main issue of CDR but rather the impacts and risks that would occur during the period of elevated temperatures during the overshoot.
The Open Ophthalmology Early Postoperative Effect of Ripasudil Hydrochloride After Trabeculectomy on Secondary Glaucoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial

: Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Rho-associated kinase inhibitor (ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate; ripasudil) eye drops on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) after trabeculectomy in eyes with uveitic glaucoma. Design: This was a prospective, observational, controlled, and randomized study. Methods: Sixteen Results: (p ± 3.7 mmHg (p = 0.04) at 1 week, 16.3 ± 4.2 mmHg /10.6 ± 3.0 mmHg (p = 0.01) at 1 month, and 16.0 ± 3.4 mmHg /12.5 ± 2.3 mmHg (p = 0.04) at 3 months. The number of laser suture lysis procedures (2.0 ± 0.5 vs 0.4 ± 0.7), the rate of bleb revision by needling (50.0% vs 0.0%), and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications (1.6 ± 1.5 vs . 0.1 ± 0.3) after trabeculectomy were higher in the control group than in the ripasudil group (all p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis showed that the IOP reduction rate at 3 months after surgery was associated with the use of ripasudil and baseline IOP (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ripasudil for 3 months postoperatively. Ripasudil may effectively reduce postoperative IOP and increase the success rate of trabeculectomy in patients with uveitic glaucoma.
WaterBear: Asynchronous BFT with Information-Theoretic Security and Quantum Security

—Designing information-theoretically secure and quantum secure Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) protocols in asynchronous environments has been an elusive goal. Critically, all practical asynchronous BFT protocols require using common coins, but we do not have efficient setup-free common coin protocols that are unconditionally secure or quantum secure. We design and implement WaterBear, a family of new asynchronous BFT protocols that are information-theoretically secure or quantum secure. Via extensive evaluation, we show that our protocols are efficient under both failure-free and failure scenarios, achieving comparable performance to the state-of-the-art asynchronous BFT protocols with much weaker security guarantees.Toachieve the goal, we have designed much more efficient asynchronous binary agreement (ABA) protocols from local coins and their reproposable ABA counterparts. We have also built more efficient ABA protocols from weak common coins and perfect common coins. These ABA protocols can be readily used to improve various high-level Byzantine-resilient primitives, such as asynchronous distributed key generation and BFT assuming trusted setup.
The Dark Side of the Cloud∗

Cloud computing has been widely adopted by businesses around the world. Using a proprietary data set on firm-level cloud data records from 2013 to 2021 from China, we find that year-on-year quarterly cloud data growth (CDG) contains value-relevant information for firm fundamentals, earnings surprises, and innovation performance. Consistent with the fact that cloud data contain private information unavailable to outside investors, CDG strongly forecasts stock returns, especially around future earnings announcements, even after controlling for predictors based on other commercially available big data. The private information enabled by cloud computing has the unintended consequence of facilitating opportunistic insider trading and increasing bid-ask spreads. Our results suggest that big data, if only available to insiders, can exacerbate information asymmetry. JEL Classification : G10; G11; G12; G14.
RC6 Non ionizing radiation Radiofrequency fields: Bases for exposure limits

While the possibility of interactions of electromagnetic fields (EMF) with the human body was already recognized in the 19 century, it was only after the Second World War that possible adverse effects on human health were hypothesised, as a response to exposures from powerful sources, such as radars. Over the years, different scientific organizations, such as the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) in USA, and the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) in the UK developed standards on exposure of workers and in some – but not all – cases, of the general public to radiofrequency (RF) EMFs. At the international level, guidelines recommending restrictions on exposure were developed by the International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA/INIRC), an expert group whose duties and responsibilities were taken over in 1992 by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). ICNIRP issued in 1998 comprehensive guidelines for the protection of workers and the general public against exposure to electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields in the frequency range 0 Hz – 300 GHz. The guidelines superseded those previously issued by IRPA/INIRC separately for high-frequency and power-frequency fields. The main scientific input came from extensive reviews of the literature jointly carried out by ICNIRP, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), published as Environmental Health Criteria (EHC) documents. Separate documents were issued for extremely-low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields (WHO/UNEP/IRPA 1984) and for electromagnetic fields in the frequency range 300 Hz – 300 GHz (WHO/UNEP/ICNIRP 1993). The latter include radiofrequency fields, whose frequency range is variously defined: within these notes it is assumed as the interval 100 kHz – 300 GHz. The subset of EMFs in the range 300 MHz 300 GHz is often termed, more specifically, microwaves.