Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A DUALISTIC MANNER IN SPATIAL ANALYSIS: LOCATION AND SECTOR BASED INVESTIGATIONS FOR HOUSING PRICE DETERMINANTS

Investigation of the patterns in housing preferences has always been a strong emphasis on spatial analysis literature, mostly to the extent that housing price varies within urban macro form. The purpose of this paper is to examine the variances of housing prices in Istanbul, by using separate determinant sets in separate models, while employing location based investigation referring to distance and/or proximity effect and sector based investigation, referring to land price effect as a most prominent indicator in residential market. GIS-based spatial analyses methods are utilised in these dual models, in order to describe the variances. Distance effect as a part of locational domain in hedonic price model which represent the demand side of housing price. In this model, distance among the bundle of alternative characteristics is assumed to affect any property price, as a retail product. Although this paper does not accomplish a full hedonic price model, it calculates the effect of distance and/or proximity determinants in housing prices in Istanbul. This first model is conducted with a multiple regression analysis with the contribution of independent variables as population density and distance to the CBD, sub-centre, main transportation arteries, and coast. As assumed in the hypothesis, the result indicates that 66.3% of the variance in housing price can be determined by these variables. In the second model, land price effect in the variance of housing price is investigated in order to illustrate the emergence of residential market. Within this investigation residential market is defined depending on land values whether there are areas where land prices are high but housing prices are relatively lower, or vice versa. In other words, if land and housing prices are not in consistency, there may be possibility of changing residential market features, to be interpreted with the inclusion of changing determinants. In this model, geographic weighted regression is conducted and then relative predictive performance is tested by standard residuals which refer to inconsistency of the variances between land and housing price levels. The paper finalizes with a comparison of the results obtained from location and sector based models. Concluding remarks indicate that spatial variations in housing price, predicted within these two models can also estimate the segmented structure of the city, Istanbul and residential market itself. Such a dualistic manner which corresponds to combination of statistical and spatial analysis techniques can be useful in order to comprehend the residential market in a spatial pattern.
What can economic experiments discover about evolutionary effectiveness of supermarket strategies

The paper analyses the variety of supermarkets’ strategies (imitation and innovation) through economic experiment under which sales and prices will adapt to market demand. We compared strategies of supermarkets to demonstrate the advantages of supermarkets’ strategy for imi tators and innovators under different conditions. Our proposed algorithm for competitive supermarket model with fuzzy demand can be employed as a competitive strategy in a microeconomic system in which a wide range of different products/services are sold through supermarkets. We reveal the profitability of imitation strategy increases in the long-run period. With a small number of supermarkets (two or three), the innovative strategy of supermarkets turns out to be more beneficial. The number of supermarkets, number of steps and average price of products has a positive impact on the profit of supermarkets of both types.
Shareholder wealth effects of modern slavery regulation July 22 , 2019

We examine the shareholder wealth effects of the adoption of the UK Modern Slavery Act 2015 (MSA). The MSA’s Transparency in Supply Chains clause introduced new reporting requirements mandating certain firms to provide an annual statement outlining how they identify and mitigate modern slavery in their business and supply chain. An event study of stock price reactions of UK firms covered by the MSA to eight events associated with its adoption provides no evidence of abnormal stock returns. We do, however, uncover significant cross-sectional differences in stock price reactions, with results suggesting that the MSA provides a competitive advantage to firms with a demonstrated track record of addressing slavery risk. We find no effects for pre-regulatory Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure levels on stock price reactions. Our findings highlight the economic value of maintaining socially responsible sourcing practices, and inform the current policy debate on the importance of greater transparency in corporate supply chains.
Modification of Functional Properties of Whey Protein Isolate Nanocomposite Films and Coatings with Nanoclays

Whey protein based films have received considerable attention to be used for environment friendly packaging applications. However, such biopolymers are prevented for use in commercial packaging due to their limited mechanical and barrier performance. The addition of nanofillers is a common method to overcome those drawbacks of biopolymers. Whey protein isolate (WPI) based nanocomposite cast films and coatings were produced using montmorillonite and vermiculite clay as nanofiller in different concentrations. Uniform distribution of filler within the polymeric matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength as well as Young’s modulus were increased after increasing the filler content, while elongation at break values decreased. All samples showed weak barrier potential against water vapor. Nanoclay incorporation, however, reduced water vapor transmission rates by approximately 50%. The oxygen barrier performance was improved for all nanocomposites. Results also indicated proportionality with the filler ratio according to applied models. The highest barrier improvement factors (BIF) were greater than five for the cast films and even greater than sixteen for the coatings. Developed WPI-based composites depicted nanoenhanced material properties representing a promising alternative to fossil-based packaging films.
Why buy when we can pirate? The role of intentions and willingness to pay in predicting piracy behavior

Purpose - – Digital piracy is one of the most popular forms of intellectual property theft and is currently recognized as a crime in several countries. This begs the question, if persons are fully informed that digital file sharing is a crime and, if caught, can be legally prosecuted, why do individuals opt to engage in such criminal behaviour? The purpose of the paper is to determine the psychological, social and economic factors influencing digital piracy. Understanding the social and psychological features of digital pirates is necessary if effected strategies are to be developed to deter the practice of digital piracy. Design/methodology/approach - – In this paper, a representative sample drawn from the population of Barbados was surveyed. The conceptual models were estimated using ordinary least squares multiple regression, Tobit estimation and quantile regression. Findings - – The results suggest that intentions and willingness to pay (WTP) both have a significant impact on digital piracy. Intentions are in turn influenced by the pirate's attitude, perceived consequences, ethics, education level and environment. Finally, a facilitating environment and perceived importance of the piracy issue help to predict’ WTP for digital products. Originality/value - – To the best of the knowledge, no other study has combined notions from attitude/values/behaviour with that of WTP. Yet, the literature would suggest that they both have significant impacts on the quantity of digital goods that are pirated. It is possible that not modelling their joint impact could have resulted in loss of vital information.
Prioritisation of Information Demand of Dairy Farmers of Punjab

In dairy, India has reached the production of 165.4 MT but still we are far behind in terms of productivity per animal from developed countries. Low productivity of cattle and buffaloes owned by marginal and small dairy farmers in our country is often attributed to lack of innovations and low or non-adoption of innovations/improved production technologies (Triveni, 2016). Poor reach of the information to the farmers is major reason behind it. In present day agriculture, soft resources like knowledge and skills are as important as hard resources like inputs, and sometimes more important. Quick dissemination of technological information from the research system to farmers in the field and reporting of farmers‟ feedback to the research system is one of the critical inputs in transfer of technology (Subhas et al., 2015). For effective dissemination of the technologies it is very important to take care of needs of the farmers, which is also important for the scientist to initiate the research as per the farmer‟s needs. Need is basically as a gap between “what is” (present situation) and “what ought to be” (desired situation). Informational needs are basically incompetency felt by the farmers in dairy International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 01 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Comparison of Blood Lead Concentration in Opium-Addicted and Non-Addicted Children in Birjand, East of Iran

Background Lead-contaminated opium is a new source of lead in the region that children can be exposed to. The acceptable blood lead concentration (BLC) in children is 5 μg/dl, and this population is more susceptible to lead's toxic effects. We aimed to evaluate and compare BLC in opium-addicted and healthy children in Birjand, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed among children admitted to the pediatrics wards of two hospitals in Birjand, Iran. Thirty opium-addicted children were considered as the case group, and 30 age and gender-matched non-addicted children admitted to the hospital for other reasons were assigned to the control group. Two milliliters of venous blood was obtained from children, placed in specific complete blood count (CBC) vials, and stored at 2-8 ° C for subsequent analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The means of BLC were 3.63±4.38 μg/dl (median: 1.75 μg/dl), and 2.09±1.21 μg/dl (median: 1.80 μg/dl) in the case and control groups, respectively. The results showed that BLC was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.84). In the case group, 26.7% of them BLC was above 5 μg/dl, while in the control group, 2 (6.7%) children had BLC above 5 μg/dl. The Fisher’s exact test revealed that BLC was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.08). There was no significant relationship between BLC, duration of use, and opium type in the case group. Conclusion It can be concluded that addicted children’s serum lead levels significantly increased, and this level of lead can result in unalterable problems in children. However, further studies with larger sample numbers and more specific targets are recommended.
Conceptual model analysis of the influence of temperature feedbacks on polar amplification

The role of temperature feedbacks in polar amplification of climate change is examined by comparing the response of idealized high‐ and low‐latitude atmospheric columns to greenhouse gas forcing. An analytic expression for the surface polar amplification factor is derived with a one‐layer atmospheric model and compared to a more detailed column model with two radiative transfer schemes. The modeled temperature profiles result from competition between the stabilizing influences of atmospheric heat flux convergence and atmospheric solar heating (dominant at high latitudes), and the destabilizing influence of surface solar heating (dominant at low latitudes). For a stable high‐latitude radiative‐advective atmosphere, the lapse rate increases with greenhouse gas forcing, leading to a positive feedback, and is dependent on the nature of the forcing—pointing to limitations of the traditional forcing‐feedback framework. For a low‐latitude radiative‐convective atmosphere, the lapse rate decreases, leading to a negative feedback.
Relationships between Salt Tolerance Calcium Sulfate Applications of Green Soybeans in Sand Culture and

Green soybeans (Glycine max Merr.) were grown to maturity in sand to determine relationships between salt tolerance of the plants and CaSO4 applications, using diluted sea water. Dry weight of the whole plant, fresh weight of pods and seeds, and number of pods and root nodules were greatest at 0 ppm C1 and decreased with increasing sea water concentrations. Growth at 0 and 250 ppm Cl tended to be greater at 1 mM CaSO4 than at 12 mM CaSO4. There was no effect of CaSO4 treatments on the growth at 500, 1, 000 and 2, 000 ppm Cl. Na and Cl in leaves and sand solution, and EC values of sand solution increased with increasing sea water concentrations. CaSO4 applications scarcely affected Na and Cl in leaves and sand solution, and EC values of sand solution at each sea water concentration. Ca in leaves, and Ca and SO4 in sand solution tended to be higher at 4, 8 and 12 mM CaSO4 than 1 mM CaSO4. In the current experiment, salt tolerance of green soybeans in sand culture was not enhanced by the application of CaSO4, indicating that the role of Ca to salt tolerance may differ with crops.
The information content of inflation swap rates for the long-term inflation expectations of professionals: Evidence from a MIDAS analysis

Long-term inflation expectations taken from the Survey of Professional Forecasters are a major source of information for monetary policy. Unfortunately, they are published only on a quarterly basis. This paper investigates the daily information content of inflation-linked swap rates for the next survey outcome. Using a mixed data sampling approach, we find that professionals account for the daily dynamics of inflation swap rates when they submit their long-term inflation expectations. We propose a daily indicator of professionals' inflation expectations that outperforms alternative indicators that ignore the high-frequency dynamics of inflation swap rates. To illustrate the usefulness of the new indicator, we provide new evidence on the (re-)anchoring of U.S. inflation expectations.
April 2021 Anatomical Investigations on Turkish Critically Endangered Achillea ( Asteraceae ) species : Achillea sivasica Çelik & Akpulat

In this study, root, stem, leaf midrib and leaf lamina anatomy and achene micromorphology of Turkish critically endangered endemic Achillea sivasica were investigated for the first time. In this study, the root was found in late primary growth and in early secondary growth stage. It has large cortex layer consisting of 12-16 cell rows beneath the periderm. Secretory ducts formed by 5-12 secretory cells embedded in the cortex and located near vascular bundle were found at the root that is in early stage of secondary development. The stem was circular-pentagonal shaped in cross-section. There was lamellar collenchyma beneath epidermis of pentagon corners, and cortex parenchyma between corners. Secretory ducts located near the phloem, between the cortex and endodermis on the interfascicular region, were also observed. Endodermis layer was evident and its cells have indentations and protrusions where they touch adjacent endodermis cells, which strengthen the connection between them. In addition, casparian strips was conspicuous in many endodermis cells. Leaf midrib area was triangular shaped in cross section. There were secretory ducts, consisting of 4-5 secretory cells observed on both sides of the sclerenchymatous fibers which accompaning xylem. The leaf lamina was amphistomatic and stomata type was anomocytic. Mesophyll layer was equifacial. There was a large secretory duct and its diameter is bigger than the nearest main lamina vascular bundle. Achene shape was lanceolate-oblong and its surface was ribbed and glabrous of A. sivasica.
Alexithymia in Relation to Alcohol Use, Emotion Recognition, and Empathy: The Role of Externally Oriented Thinking

Both alcohol misuse and the externally oriented thinking (EOT) facet of alexithmia are associated with deficits in facial emotion recognition and emotional empathy. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether EOT mediates the association of drinking with these deficits, and to test the hypothesis that impaired facial emotion recognition mediates the relationship between EOT and low emotional empathy, in a nonclinical sample. The sample consisted of 161 men and women who completed an online survey that included the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). In addition to replicating associations between TAS-20 and other measures, EOT was found to mediate relationships between potential alcohol misuse (as indexed by AUDIT) and facial emotion recognition (as indexed by RMET) as well as emotional empathy (as indexed by the corresponding subscale of the IRI) after controlling for mood and demographic variables. The negative relationship between EOT and emotional empathy was mediated by impaired facial emotion recognition. Present findings point to a likely role of the EOT trait in the reported associations of alcohol misuse with both poor emotion recognition and low emotional empathy, and a mediating role of poor emotion recognition in the relationship of EOT to the latter.
Combining MODIS and National Land Resource Products to Model Land Cover-Dependent Surface Albedo for Norway

Surface albedo is an important physical attribute of the climate system and satellite retrievals are useful for understanding how it varies in time and space. Surface albedo is sensitive to land cover and structure, which can vary considerably within the area comprising the effective spatial resolution of the satellite-based retrieval. This is particularly true for MODIS products and for topographically complex regions, such as Norway, which makes it difficult to separate the environmental drivers (e.g., temperature and snow) from those related to land cover and vegetation structure. In the present study, we employ high resolution datasets of Norwegian land cover and structure to spectrally unmix MODIS surface albedo retrievals (MCD43A3 v6) to study how surface albedo varies with land cover and structure. Such insights are useful for constraining land cover-dependent albedo parameterizations in models employed for regional climate or hydrological research and for developing new empirical models. At the scale of individual land cover types, we found that the monthly surface albedo can be predicted at a high accuracy when given additional information about forest structure, snow cover, and near surface air temperature. Such predictions can provide useful empirical benchmarks for climate model predictions made at the land cover level, which is critical for instilling greater confidence in the albedo-related climate impacts of anthropogenic land use/land cover change (LULCC).
Numerical Study of the Current-Voltage Characteristic of Hall Thrusters

S. Barral, K. Makowski, Z. Peradzy ński∗ Institute of Fundamental Technological Research PAS Świȩtokrzyska 21, 00-049 Warsaw, Poland ∗also: Dept. of Mathematics, Informatic and Mechanics of Warsaw University Banacha 2, 00-097 Warsaw, Poland e-mail: sbarral@ippt.gov. pl, kmak@ippt.gov. pl, zperadz@ippt.gov. pl N. Gascon†, M. Dudeck CNRS Laboratoire d’Aérothermique 1c avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans, France †current address: Stanford University, Mechanical Engineering Department Stanford California 94305-3032, USA e-mail: nicolas@navier.stanford. edu, dudeck@cnrs-orleans.fr
Stomach contents analysis-a review of methods and their application

Methods for analysing fish stomach contents are listed and critically assessed with a view to their suitability for determining dietary importance-this term is defined. Difficulties in the application of these methods are discussed and, where appropriate, alternative approaches proposed. Modifications which have practical value are also considered. The necessity of linking measurements of dietary importance to stomach capacity is emphasized and the effects of differential digestion upon interpretation of stomach contents outlined. The best measure of dietary importance is proposed as one where both the amount and bulk of a food category are recorded.
Antineuroinflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Gyejibokryeong-Hwan in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated BV2 Microglia

Microglia, the central nervous system's innate immune cells, mediate neuroinflammation and are implicated in a variety of neuropathologies. The present study investigated the antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects of Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GBH), a traditional Korean medicine, in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated murine BV2 microglia. BV2 cells were pretreated with GBH, fluoxetine (FXT), or amitriptyline (AMT) for 1 h and then stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL). The expression levels of nitric oxide (NO), cytokines, and chemokines were determined by the Griess method, ELISA, or real-time PCR. Western blotting was used to measure various transcription factors and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt activity. GBH significantly reduced the levels of NO, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, macrophage inhibitory protein- (MIP-) 1α, macrophage chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1, and IFN-γ inducible protein- (IP-) 10, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed sequence (RANTES) in a dose-dependent manner. Expression of nuclear factor- (NF-) κB p65 was significantly decreased and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and PI3K/Akt by GBH, but not p38 MAPK, was decreased. Furthermore, production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was upregulated via the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway, collectively indicating the neuroprotective effects of GBH. We concluded that GBH may suppress neuroinflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB activation and upregulating the neuroprotective factor, HO-1. These results suggest that GBH has potential as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents against microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory disorders.