Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian Version of the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale (MSOS)

Abstract This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale (MSOS). The cross-cultural adaptation committee was composed of three experts. Our validation sample consisted of 643 athletes from individual and team sports. The results showed clear and relevant content validation and satisfactory internal consistency of the items in the Portuguese version. EFA suggested the exclusion of nine items and the retention of four factors. The CFA analysis with 16 items showed satisfactory adjustment of the model [X²/df = 2.70; CFI = 0.928; TLI = 0.911, RMSEA = 0.05]. The 16-item scale had adequate reliability (> 0.70). It was concluded that the Brazilian version of MSOS showed acceptable psychometric properties.
Thermal Reaction of 2,4-Dibromopyridine on Cu(100)

Nitrogen-containing aromatics have potential applications in surface functionalization, corrosion inhibition, and carbon-nitride materials. Reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), and temperature-programmed reaction/desorption (TPR/D) have been employed to study the system of 2,4-C5NH3Br2/Cu(100). Our experimental results indicate that 2,4-C5NH3Br2 is adsorbed predominantly in molecular form on Cu(100) at 100 K; however, a tiny fraction of the adsorbed molecules is subjected to debromination. The 2,4-C5NH3Br2 undergoes partial C–Br dissociation below 400 K, forming C5NH3Br intermediate. Although after breaking both the C–Br bonds (>400 K), 2,4-pyridyne (C5NH3) can be formed, the possibility of Ullmann coupling reaction cannot be excluded. The NEXFAS study shows a ∼ 35° average inclination of the aromatic plane, with respect to the surface, in a packed 2,4-pyridyne adsorption layer. Thermal decompositio.
Toward a rooting protocol for eucalyptus dunnii

Eucalyptus dunnii exhibits fast growth, low lignin and high cellulose contents, traits that are highly desirable for pulp production and are therefore favoured by the paper industry. In this study, E. dunnii roots were produced by the various methods practiced by commercial forestry viz. macrocuttings, microcuttings and seedlings. Roots produced were compared and characterized in order to understand the distinctions between Eucalyptus roots produced by these methods. Seedlings and clonal mini-cuttings were sourced from the Trahar Technology Centre, Mondi (South Africa). Plant shoots were established in culture and multiplied before the induction of roots in vitro. An optimal growth medium was determined for E. dunnii multiplication, which was 4.42g.l -1 MS (with vitamins), 25g.l -1 sucrose, 0.2g.l -1 benzyl aminopurine, 0.01g.l -1 naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.1g.l -1 biotin, 0.1g.l -1 calcium pantothenate, and 3g.l -1 gelrite (pH of 5.6-5.8). Due to the high (68%) levels of vitrification, tests were conducted to reduce or reverse this phenomenon with no success. Only healthy material was selected for rooting experiments. In vitro rooting was tested on medium containing 1.105 g.l -1 MS (with vitamins), 15 g.l -1 sucrose, 0.1 g.l -1 biotin, 0.1 g.l -1 calcium pantothenate, 4 g.l -1 gelrite and pH of 4.5-5.8 and 0.1-1mg.l -1 IBA without success. In vitro rooting (4%) was achieved on peat:vermiculite (1:2) probably due to less humidity. Comparison of micropropagated plantlets and seedlings of the same height range showed that root architecture of main roots, main side roots, number of side root and shoot masses were all statistically similar. Mini-cuttings underwent treatments before placement into seedling tray inserts containing coir:perlite (1:2). With the first treatment, the lower excised end of the shoot was dipped in 20mg.l -1 IBA, for 48 hours while being incubated in a dark and humid environment; the cutting was then placed into the insert. With the second treatment, mini-cuttings were placed directly into the prepared inserts for four weeks. Thereafter, the shoots were carefully removed and underwent the same process as with treatment one. The third treatment involved dipping mini-cuttings in Seradix 1
RELATION OF COPPER EXTRACTABLE FROM SOIL AND pH TO COPPER CONTENT AND GROWTH OF TWO CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS1

The effects of 5 rates of Cu (0-200 mg/kg) amendment to a Candler fine sand (Typic Quartzipsamment) on root and shoot growth and concentrations of Cu in the respective plant parts of Cleopatra mandarin (CM) and Swingle citrumelo (SC) rootstock seedlings were evaluated at 3 pH levels ranging from pH 5 to 7. Rootstock, rate of Cu, and soil pH significantly influenced root and shoot dry weights (DW) and Cu concentration. Shoot dry weight of CM seedlings at pH 6 was 18% and 15% lower than that at pH 5 and 7, respectively. Shoot dry weight of SC seedlings at pH 6 was 18% lower than that at pH 7. Root dry weight of SC at pH 6 was 17% and 20% lower than that at pH 5 and 7, respectively. Shoot dry weight of CM in soil amended with 200 mg/kg Cu was lower by 21% compared with that of the seedlings in the soil without Cu amendment. The root dry weight was lower by 37% and 18%, respectively, for the CM and SC seedlings in the soil amended with 200 mg/kg of Cu compared with that in the soil that received no Cu. Concentrations of Cu in the roots of both rootstocks at all 3 pH levels showed a significant linear relationship with the soil Cu measured by Mehlich 3 (M3) extraction. However, the accumulation of Cu in the roots with an increase in M3 extractable soil Cu was greater at pH 6 than at pH 5 or 7. Furthermore, accumulation of Cu in the roots was greater in the CM compared with the SC seedling. The differential accumulation of Cu in the roots was proposed to be responsible, in part, for the greater tolerance of the CM rootstock to Cu toxicity when compared with the SC rootstock.
Telemedicine as a Therapeutic Option in Sports Medicine: Results of a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study among Physicians and Patients in Germany

Background: Worldwide, the number of treatments in the field of sports medicine is increasing. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed everyday life. Many consultations had to be cancelled, postponed, or converted to a virtual format. Telemedicine in sports medicine could support physicians. This study analyzes the use and perception of telemedicine applications among physicians and patients in the field of sports medicine in Germany. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was based on a survey of sports medicine physicians and patients in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Results: We analyzed the responses of 729 patients and 702 sports medicine physicians. Most believed that telemedicine is useful. Both physicians and patients rated their knowledge of telemedicine as unsatisfactory. The majority of respondents said they do not currently use telemedicine but would like to do so. Patients and physicians reported that their attitude had changed positively towards telemedicine and that their usage had increased due to COVID-19. The majority in both groups agreed on implementing virtual visits in stable disease conditions. Telemedicine was considered helpful for follow-up monitoring and prevention by both groups. Conclusion: Telemedicine in sports medicine has seen limited use but is highly accepted among physicians and patients alike. The absence of a structured framework is an obstacle to effective implementation. Training courses should be introduced to improve the limited knowledge regarding the use of telemedicine. More research in telemedicine in sports medicine is needed. This includes large-scale randomized controlled trials, economic analyses and explorations of user preferences.
Clinical Outcome of Rotational Atherectomy in Calcified Lesions in Korea-ROCK Registry

Background and Objectives: Data is still limited regarding clinical outcomes of rotational atherectomy (RA) after percutaneous coronary intervention. We sought to evaluate clinical outcomes of RA. Materials and Methods: This multi-center registry enrolled patients who underwent RA during PCI from nine tertiary centers in Korea between January 2010 and October 2019. The primary endpoint was target-vessel failure (TVF; the composite outcome of cardiac death, target-vessel spontaneous myocardial infarction, or target-vessel revascularization). Results: Of 540 patients (583 lesions), the mean patient age was 71.4 ± 0.4 years, 323 patients (59.8%) were men, and 305 patients (56.5%) had diabetes mellitus. Technical success rate was 96.4%. In-hospital major adverse cerebral and cardiac events occurred in 63 cases (10.8%). At 1.5 years, 72 (16.0%) of TVFs were occurred. We evaluated independent predictors of TVF, which included current smoker (hazard ratio (HR), 1.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17–3.16; p = 0.01), chronic renal disease (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.14–3.08; p = 0.013), history of cerebrovascular attack (HR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.24-3.68; p = 0.006), left ventricle ejection fraction (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.999; p = 0.037), and left main disease (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.11–3.37; p = 0.019). Conclusions: From this registry, we demonstrated acceptable success rates, in-hospital and mid-term clinical outcomes of RA in the DES era.
Circuit mechanisms for the chemical modulation of cortex-wide network interactions and behavioral variability

Catecholamines and acetylcholine have dissociable effects on large-scale cortical network activity and behavior. Influential theories postulate distinct roles of catecholamines and acetylcholine in cognition and behavior. However, previous physiological work reported similar effects of these neuromodulators on the response properties (specifically, the gain) of individual cortical neurons. Here, we show a double dissociation between the effects of catecholamines and acetylcholine at the level of large-scale interactions between cortical areas in humans. A pharmacological boost of catecholamine levels increased cortex-wide interactions during a visual task, but not rest. An acetylcholine boost decreased interactions during rest, but not task. Cortical circuit modeling explained this dissociation by differential changes in two circuit properties: the local excitation-inhibition balance (more strongly increased by catecholamines) and intracortical transmission (more strongly reduced by acetylcholine). The inferred catecholaminergic mechanism also predicted noisier decision-making, which we confirmed for both perceptual and value-based choice behavior. Our work highlights specific circuit mechanisms for shaping cortical network interactions and behavioral variability by key neuromodulatory systems.
Crop and stubble effects on seedling emergence of sourgrass, palmer amaranth, wild radish and fleabane

Abstract. Crop diversity, crop structures and crop residue can modify the seed-bank environment, influencing the seedling emergence of some weeds. The objectives of this work were to analyse (1) the effect of winter crop canopies of canola and wheat and soybean stubble on seedling emergence of Conyza sumatrensis and Raphanus sativus and (2) the effect of different soybean crop structures and soybean stubble on Digitaria insularis and Amaranthus palmeri seedling emergence. Two different field experiments were conducted at Buenos Aires University in a completely randomised factorial design with five replicates. The two winter species showed differences in the emergence timing whereas the two summer species emerged at the same time but with differences between years. Seedling emergence of A. palmeri was reduced by the presence of crop residue while the effect on C. sumatrensis and R. sativus emergence were more variable between years and D. insularis was not affected. Crops did not affect seedling emergence of winter species or that of A. palmeri. However, D. insularis emergence was favoured by soybean presence, mainly with closer canopy structures. Management decisions that promote the presence of crop residues favour the reduction of seedling emergence of palmer amaranth. In contrast, evaluated crop plant densities and planting dates were not able to reduce the seedling emergence of C. sumatrensis, R. sativus and D. insularis. Planting soybean in more competitive crop structures with closer canopies is not a good option due to the improvement of seedling emergence of D. insularis. Crop management decisions that inhibit seedling emergence in some species could stimulate it in others.
Zeolite alleviates potassium deficiency and improves lodging-related stem morphological characteristics and grain yield in rice

Abstract. Zeolite is an abundant potassium (K)-rich silicate mineral that could increase K supply to plants. Potassium deficiency causes lodging problems and yield reductions in paddy fields in China. However, it is unknown whether zeolite amendments alleviate K deficiency or enhance lodging-related stem morphology characteristics in rice. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of zeolite amendment (0, 5 and 10 t ha–1) and K application (0, 30 and 60 kg ha–1) on rice grain yield, stem morphology, and K nutrient status in soil and plant tissues. In both years zeolite and K application, alone or in combination, significantly increased grain yield, mainly through increased number of panicles per plant with zeolite application and number of spikelets per panicle with K application. In the top 30 cm soil layer, zeolite amendment increased cation exchange capacity by up to 31% and available K by up to 38%. Zeolite or K application alone significantly increased stem, leaf and panicle K concentrations. Zeolite promoted K allocation to rice stems, and improved stem morphology associated with lodging index. In both years, zeolite or K application alone increased stem diameter, dry weight linear density and the breaking resistance moment by up to 7.0%, 8.3% and 16%, respectively, and decreased the stem lodging index by up to 6.7%. In summary, zeolite is an alternative source of K fertiliser and can alleviate K deficiency in paddy fields in China and elsewhere.
Economies with complex property rights

We discuss the exclusion core, a solution concept for object-allocation and object-exchange problems. The exclusion core is based on the right of exclusion and is especially useful for the analysis of economies with complicated property arrangements, such as those with shared ownership. The exclusion core coincides with the (strong) core in classic settings, and is closely related to the celebrated Top Trading Cycles algorithm.
RLC: A Reinforcement Learning-Based Charging Algorithm for Mobile Devices

Wireless charging has been demonstrated as a promising technology for prolonging device operational lifetimes in Wireless Rechargeable Networks (WRNs). To schedule a mobile charger to move along a predesigned trajectory to charge devices, most existing studies assume that the precise location information of devices is already known. Unfortunately, this assumption does not always hold in real mobile application, because the activities of the vast majority of mobile devices carried by mobile agents appear dynamic and random. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to study how to wirelessly charge mobile devices with non-deterministic mobility. We aim to provide effective charging service to them, subject to the energy capacity of the mobile charger. We formalize the effective charging problem as a charging reward maximization problem (CRMP), where the amount of reward obtained by charging a device is inversely proportional to the residual lifetime of the device. Then, we prove that CRMP is NP-hard. To derive an effective charging heuristic, an algorithm based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) is proposed. The evaluation results show that the RL-based charging algorithm achieves excellent charging effectiveness. We further interpret the learned heuristic to gain deep and valuable insights into the design options.
Evaluation of Abdominal Computed Tomography Scans for Differentiating the Discrepancies in Abdominal Adipose Tissue Between Two Major Subtypes of Primary Aldosteronism

The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue between the two subtypes of primary aldosteronism (PA) using abdominal computed tomography. We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed as having essential hypertension (EH) or PA from the prospectively collected Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) database. Patients with PA were divided into the subgroups of idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) and unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). Patients’ basic clinicodemographic data were collected, and a self-developed CT-based software program was used to quantify the abdominal adiposity indexes, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area, VAT ratio, waist circumference (WC), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area, and SAT ratio. We included 190 patients with EH and 436 patients with PA (238 with IHA and 198 with APA). The APA group had significantly lower abdominal adiposity indexes than the other groups. We also found negative correlations of aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) with VAT area, VAT ratio, WC, and body mass index (BMI) in the APA group. After propensity score matching (which left 184 patients each in the IHA and APA groups), patients in the APA group still had significantly lower WC, SAT area, SAT ratio, and VAT ratio than those in the IHA group. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis indicated that lower probability of abdominal obesity was significantly related to patients with APA. Our data revealed that the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue was similar in patients with IHA and those with EH, but the abdominal adiposity indexes were significantly lower in patients with APA than in those with IHA and EH.
Determination of Dynamic Brain Connectivity via Spectral Analysis

Spectral analysis based on neural field theory is used to analyze dynamic connectivity via methods based on the physical eigenmodes that are the building blocks of brain dynamics. These approaches integrate over space instead of averaging over time and thereby greatly reduce or remove the temporal averaging effects, windowing artifacts, and noise at fine spatial scales that have bedeviled the analysis of dynamical functional connectivity (FC). The dependences of FC on dynamics at various timescales, and on windowing, are clarified and the results are demonstrated on simple test cases, demonstrating how modes provide directly interpretable insights that can be related to brain structure and function. It is shown that FC is dynamic even when the brain structure and effective connectivity are fixed, and that the observed patterns of FC are dominated by relatively few eigenmodes. Common artifacts introduced by statistical analyses that do not incorporate the physical nature of the brain are discussed and it is shown that these are avoided by spectral analysis using eigenmodes. Unlike most published artificially discretized “resting state networks” and other statistically-derived patterns, eigenmodes overlap, with every mode extending across the whole brain and every region participating in every mode—just like the vibrations that give rise to notes of a musical instrument. Despite this, modes are independent and do not interact in the linear limit. It is argued that for many purposes the intrinsic limitations of covariance-based FC instead favor the alternative of tracking eigenmode coefficients vs. time, which provide a compact representation that is directly related to biophysical brain dynamics.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Cascade Refrigeration System with R744/R290 Mixtures

This investigation thermodynamically analyzes a cascade refrigeration system which uses an eco-friendly refrigerant R744/R290 mixture in the circuit with lower temperature as a working fluid. It has zero ODP. Condensing temperature, evaporating temperature, and cascade temperature difference with and without the effect of superheating and subcooling of both circuits are the operating parameters and design parameters considered in this investigation. In the present study, thermodynamic analysis of an eco-friendly alternative new refrigerant (mixture of R744 and R290) was proposed and performed with five refrigerants such as R407c, R408a, R410a, R404a, and R417a, which are in the higher temperature circuits of a cascade refrigeration system. MAT-LAB software was performed in terms of temperature in evaporator, temperature in condenser and difference in cascade temperature to develop an expression mathematically for excellent COP, most favorable evaporating temperature of R744/R290 mixture and most favorable mass flow ratio of high temperature refrigerant to that R744/R290 mixture.
The Poincaré–Birkhoff Theorem for a Class of Degenerate Planar Hamiltonian Systems

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the problem of the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions to the planar Hamiltonian system x′=-λ⁢α⁢(t)⁢f⁢(y)x^{\prime}=-\lambda\alpha(t)f(y), y′=λ⁢β⁢(t)⁢g⁢(x)y^{\prime}=\lambda\beta(t)g(x), where α,β\alpha,\beta are non-negative 𝑇-periodic coefficients and λ>0\lambda>0. We focus our study to the so-called “degenerate” situation, namely when the set Z:=supp⁡α∩supp⁡βZ:=\operatorname{supp}\alpha\cap\operatorname{supp}\beta has Lebesgue measure zero. It is known that, in this case, for some choices of 𝛼 and 𝛽, no nontrivial 𝑇-periodic solution exists. On the opposite, we show that, depending of some geometric configurations of 𝛼 and 𝛽, the existence of a large number of 𝑇-periodic solutions (as well as subharmonic solutions) is guaranteed (for λ>0\lambda>0 and large). Our proof is based on the Poincaré–Birkhoff twist theorem. Applications are given to Volterra’s predator-prey model with seasonal effects.
Learning Numerosity Representations with Transformers: Number Generation Tasks and Out-of-Distribution Generalization

One of the most rapidly advancing areas of deep learning research aims at creating models that learn to disentangle the latent factors of variation from a data distribution. However, modeling joint probability mass functions is usually prohibitive, which motivates the use of conditional models assuming that some information is given as input. In the domain of numerical cognition, deep learning architectures have successfully demonstrated that approximate numerosity representations can emerge in multi-layer networks that build latent representations of a set of images with a varying number of items. However, existing models have focused on tasks requiring to conditionally estimate numerosity information from a given image. Here, we focus on a set of much more challenging tasks, which require to conditionally generate synthetic images containing a given number of items. We show that attention-based architectures operating at the pixel level can learn to produce well-formed images approximately containing a specific number of items, even when the target numerosity was not present in the training distribution.