Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Ensiled Corncob-Poultry Dropping as Ruminant Feed Using in Vitro Gas Production Technique

Feed availability, during the dry season has been major factor limiting the expansion of ruminant production in Nigeria. Utilization of crop residues had been suggested, although of low nutritive value. The study was carried out to evaluate the silage quality, microbial characteristics, chemical and mineral composition and the nutritive value of ensiled corncob-poultry droppings using in-vitro gas production techniques. Corncob, an agro-industrial by product and poultry dropping were used in this study. The treatment comprised of T1: (Corncob (40%), Poultry Dropping (40%), Pineapple Pulp (20%), T2: (Corncob (50%), Poultry Dropping (30%), Pineapple Pulp (20%), T3: (Corncob (60%), Poultry Dropping (20%), Pineapple Pulp (20%), T4: (Corncob (70%), Poultry Dropping (10%), Pineapple Pulp (20%). The silage physical characteristics, pH, temperature, microbial analysis, mineral composition, chemical composition and in-vitro gas production were determined. The colour varied from dark brown to light brown for corncob with varying poultry dropping. The aroma varied from almost pleasant to very pleasant; the pH ranged from 4.25 to 4.75. The dry matter (DM) was not significantly affected by the different combination of the silage while crude protein (CP), Crude fibre (CF), Ether extract (EE) and ash differed significantly among the treatments. However, the highest (P<0.05) CP value of 8.83% was obtained for silage T2. Mineral compositions; Sodium (Na) ranged from 0.144 – 0.210%, copper obtained was similar for all the treatments which is an indication that percentage copper composition for all the treatments were not significantly (p<0.05) different from one another. Lactic acid bacteria count which ranged from 2.30-3.02 log10 cfu/g with T2having the highest value (3.22log10cfu/g) and the lowest value 2.3log10cfu/g at T1. Total aerobic bacteria ranged from 6.90 to 5.95log10 cfu/g with T2 having the highest value (6.90 log10 cfu/g) and T1had the lowest value (5.95log10cfu/g). No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed on the values obtained for Propionic bacteria count and mould. The Enterobacteria bacteria count ranged from 1.57-2.06 log10 cfu/g with the highest obtained at T2. The cumulative gas produced ranged between 17. 67 and 20.83 ml/200mg DM. Methane (ml 200mg/DM) production ranged from 7.50 to 8.75 ml/200mg DM. The values for the ME, OMD and SCFA ranged from 5.12 to 5.36 MJ/Kg DM; 34.77 to 37.47% and 0.36 to 0.44 μmol respectively. It was therefore concluded that ensiled corncob poultry dropping could be an effective way of enhancing the nutritive value of corncob and also resulted in improved CP and digestibility, hence its potential in ruminant nutrition.
Gender differences in sleep patterns and sleep complaints of elite athletes

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the gender differences for sleep complaints, patterns and disorders of elite athletes during preparation for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Methods: The study included 146 athletes from the Brazilian Olympic Team (male: n=86; 59%; female: n=60; 41%). The assessment of the Olympic athletes’ sleep took place in 2015, during the preparation period for the Rio Olympic Games. The athletes underwent a single polysomnography (PSG) evaluation. Sleep specialists evaluated the athletes and asked about their sleep complaints during a clinical consultation. In this evaluation week, the athletes did not take part in any training or competitions. Results: The prevalence of sleep complaints was 53% of the athletes during the medical consultation, the most prevalent being insufficient sleep/waking up tired (32%), followed by snoring (21%) and insomnia (19.2%). In relation to the sleep pattern findings, the men had significantly higher sleep latency and wake after sleep onset than the women ( p =0.004 and p =0.002, respectively). The sleep efficiency and sleep stages revealed that men had a lower percentage of sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep than the women ( p =0.001 and p =0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Most athletes reported some sleep complaints, with men reporting more sleep complaints than women in the clinical evaluation. The PSG showed that 36% of all athletes had a sleep disorder with a greater reduction in sleep quality in men than in women.
IMPACT OF TIME STEP ON THE RESULTS OF A FULLY-DISTRIBUTED WATERSHED MODEL FOR SCENARIO ANALYSIS By Clara Risk

Major storms are significant drivers of runoff from agricultural areas, which implies that modeling watershed processes at smaller time steps, such as hourly versus daily, will allow such effects to be expressed in a watershed model. Thus, the results of these models at this level would be effectively used in scenario analysis to determine the impacts of certain agricultural practices, which affects decisions that can have major economic and environmental consequences. This topic has been investigated for semi-distributed models, but not yet for fullydistributed models. To help fill this research gap this study investigated whether different time steps in a fully-distributed watershed model resulted in significantly different surface runoff and streamflow results. Surface runoff and streamflow results were generated for different time steps (5-minutes, 30-minutes, 1-hour, and 1-day) for a case study area in Nebraska, USA, using the Spatially Explicit Integrated Modeling System (SEIMS). These results were then compared for significant difference using ANOVA. The major findings of this study included that the streamflow and surface runoff results were generally significantly different when generated using different time steps. However, when SEIMS was calibrated, the difference between the results of different time steps reduced such that, in many cases, they were non-significantly different (p > 0.05). These trends were seen across multiple grazing management scenarios implemented within the model. These findings imply that time step should be a significant consideration when modeling agricultural practices in ungauged watersheds.
Comparison of Intravenous versus Topical Tranexamic Acid in Nondeformity Spine Surgery: A Meta-Analysis

Objective Tranexamic acid (TXA), an antifibrinolytic agent, interferes with fibrinolysis and has been used for many years to reduce blood loss during spine surgery. The purpose of our meta-analysis was to compare the effect of intravenous versus topical administration of TXA in patients undergoing nondeformity spine surgery. Methods We searched multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, CNKI, WanFang database, and VIP to find studies that met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed according to the guidelines of the Cochrane Reviewer's Handbook. Results Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified, including 660 patients. The surgical methods used in the included studies were nondeformity spine surgery. No significant differences were found in the two groups regarding total blood loss, intraoperative blood loss, hidden blood loss, hematocrit, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, postoperative prothrombin time (PT), postoperative activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), drainage volume, and blood transfusion rate. There were statistically significant differences in the two groups in terms of preoperative PT (MD = −0.39, 95% CI: [−0.63, −0.15], P=0.002) and preoperative APTT (MD = 1.12, 95% CI: [0.57, 1.68], P=0.002) and preoperative APTT (MD = 1.12, 95% CI: [0.57, 1.68], Conclusion During nondeformity spine surgery, intravenous administration of TXA did not have a significant effect on the decrease of blood loss and blood transfusion rate compared with the topical group. According to the pooled analysis of PT and APTT, intravenous and topical application of TXA may have different effects on the coagulation pathway. More high-quality RCTs are needed to explore the optimal dosage, method, timing in the future in order to recommend TXA widespread use in spine surgery.
Radiographic assessment of impacted maxillary canine position using CBCT: A comparative study of 2 methods

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the guidelines proposed by Counihan et al 2013 and the KPG index method for assessment of maxillary impacted canine position using CBCT images from a radiographic point of view.Subjects & methods: Thirty-six CBCT scans of 36 patients (6 males and 30 females), with a total number of 45 impacted maxillary canines, were recruited from the database of the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. KPG index, for each impacted canine, was calculated by giving both its cusp and root tips a score on a 0–5 scale along the x, y, and z planes. The summation of these six scores would predict the treatment difficulty, classified as easy (0–9), moderate (10–14), difficult (15–19), and extremely difficult (20 and above). Moreover, Counihan et al 2013 guidelines were applied on each studied impacted tooth in which the tooth position in four categories was considered: overlap with adjacent incisor, vertical height, angulation to midline and position of root apex. For each category, either good, average or poor prognostic outcome was selected. Data were collected and statistically analyzed.Results Upon comparing both studied methods of radiographic assessment of impacted maxillary canines, a statistically significant difference was found: KPG index categorized more cases (9 cases) as easy (20%) while Counihan et al guidelines categorized only 2 cases (4.4%) as having good prognosis. Similarly, KPG index categorized more cases (15 cases) as moderate (33.3%) while Counihan et al guidelines categorized 13 cases (28.9%) as having average prognosis. On the other hand, Counihan et al guidelines categorized more cases (30 cases) as poor prognosis (66.7%) while KPG index categorized only 21 cases (46.7%) as being difficult. Nonetheless, on comparing the treatment difficulty and prognosis of impacted maxillary canines found on the right and left sides, unilaterally or bilaterally, in males and females, a non-statistically significant difference was found using both methods of radiographic assessment.Conclusion From a radiographic point of view, the KPG index, with some minute modifications, has demonstrated to be an effective and competent method for classification of maxillary impacted canine’s treatment difficulty in accordance to their position, as compared to the guidelines proposed by Counihan et al at 2013.
EFFECT OF TAFLA SUPPLEMENTATION ON FEED UTILIZATION, SOME RUMEN PARAMETERS AND NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY OF LACTATING COWS

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tafla supplementation on feed intake, nutrients digestibility and rumen parameters of lactating cows. Total of 18 Friesian cows (between 2-4 lactations) at late gestation period (30 days prepartum) were used in this study. Cows were divided into 3 similar groups, (n=6). The 1 group was control (G1), while cows in the G2 and G3 groups were supplemented with 100 and 200 (g/d/h) tafla from 30 days prepartum into 90 days postpartum, respectively. The obtained results showed that, feed intake of CFM and rice straw significantly increase (P≤0.05) by tafla supplementation. Whereas, the average of berseem feed intake did not differ significantly (P≥0.05). There were significantly (P≤0.05) increased in digestion coefficients of CP and CF in G3 than those in both G1 and G2. While no significant effects for experimental treatments on digestion coefficients of DM, OM, EE and NFE. There was no significant effect of dietary tafla supplementation on total digestible nutrients, while it was significantly (P≤0.05) on digestible crud protein, being the higher in G3 and G2 than in G1. Ruminal parameters including pH value and protozoa count in ruminal liquor (RL) of Friesian cows fed different experimental rations at pre and post 2h of feeding did not affected by treatment groups. No significant effect of tafla treatments on rumen liquor NH3-N (mg/100ml), TVFA’s (meq/100ml) concentrations. In general, the present results indicated clear improve in rumen function. In conclusion, treatment of lactating cows 30 days prepartum into 150 days postpartum with tafla supplementation at 200 (g/d/h) recommended to improve feed intake and rumen activity which led to improve lactating cows performance.
Tracking the Sense of Agency in BCI Applications

This thesis paper presents an experiment where participants were given the task to make a virtual hand on a screen execute one of two gestures, cued via audio instructions. Subjects were led to believe that they controlled the virtual hand through a brain-computer interface with a technique known as motor imagery. However, the actual hand movement was preprogrammed, making every Sense of Agency the participants reported illusory. Timing between the instruction cue and hand movement was manipulated between two blocks. After each manipulation a questionnaire was filled out, measuring the subject’s Sense of Agency over the virtual hand. During the blocks an electroencephalogram (EEG) was measured. The results of this experiment were compared to the results of research by Wegner, Sparrow, and Winerman on a similar non-BCI task. The Sense of Agency rating were found to be significantly higher when compared to the non-BCI experiment. In addition this thesis holds a section on the predictive powers of several models for the Sense of Agency and concludes with the suggestion to opt for a more refined model that would actually allow to predict not only the presence of the Sense of Agency but the strength of it.
Prevalence of Astigmatism and Keratoconus in Egyptian Patients Evaluated by Schleimpflug Tomography: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: Scheimpflug camera uses various indices such as corneal thickness, detection of early and subclinical cases of keratoconus is challenging for the most refractive surgeon. However, corneal tomographic imaging is of great value in detecting such early changes. Purpose: To assess the pattern of refractive conditions implying corneal astigmatism, and KC, in an Egyptian population attending a major referral diagnostic eye center, ODLU, as assessed by Schleimpflug Imaging. Study Design: A retrospective, non-randomized, single-center, observational study. Patients and Methods: 501 recorded files for patients who were referred to ODLU for corneal tomography assessed by Scheimpflug imaging were retrieved by the serial selection, from January 2014 to June 2016 Results: 501 eyes, of 276 patients were analyzed, 50.7% males and 49.3% females, ranged from 5 to 80 years old, number of normal corneas was 39 eyes (7.8%), astigmatism 0.5D-1.5D was 120 eyes (24%), astigmatism >1.5D: 342 eyes (68.3%). The number of trauma/operated corneas( keratoplasty or LASIK) was 77 eyes(15.4%). The number of eyes with KC was 144 eyes (28.74%), The KC suspect corneas were 32 eyes (6.77%) Conclusion: The largest number of patients who were referred for corneal tomography had astigmatism more than 1.5 D, the number of keratoconus suspects was higher in females in the 20 to 40 years age group, however, the severity of keratoconus was more in males at the same age group.
Ionic Liquids: Evident Application in Medicinal Chemistry

An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt in the liquid state. In some contexts, the term has been restricted to salts whose melting point is below some arbitrary temperature, such as 100 °C (212 °F). While ordinary liquids such as water and gasoline are predominantly made of electrically neutral molecules. Ionic liquids are largely made of ions and short-lived ion pairs. These substances are variously called liquid electrolytes, ionic melts, ionic fluids, fused salts, liquid salts, or ionic glasses. The ionic bond is usually stronger than the Vander Waals forces between the molecules of ordinary liquids. For that reason, common salts tend to melt at higher temperatures than other solid molecules. Some salts are liquid at or below room temperature. Examples include compounds based on the 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMIM) cation and include: EMIM: Cl, EMIM dicyanamide, (C2 H 5) (CH3) C3H3N2N (CN) 2 that melts at −21 °C (− 6 °F); and 1butyl-3, 5-dimethylpyridinium bromide which becomes a glass below −24 °C (−11 °F) [1]. Low-temperature ionic liquids can be compared to ionic solutions, liquids that contain both ions and neutral molecules, and in particular to the so-called deep eutectic solvents, mixtures of ionic and non-ionic solid substances which have much lower melting points than the pure compounds. Certain mixtures of nitrate salts can have melting points below 100 °C [2]. The term "ionic liquid" in the general sense was used as early as 1943 [3]. Journal of Comprehensive Pharmacy
PSYCHOLOGICALWELLBEING CONCEPTS AND HINDU EPICS- RAMAYANA AND MAHABHARATA

Psychological, philosophical and spiritual traditions emphasized regarding the quality of consciousness to maintain the wellbeing of an individual. An individual also requires prescriptive nutriments supply in the surrounding environment to escalate wellbeing. The traditional theory of well-being says, it is having two broad categoriesone is hedonic well-being, which is related to the happiness and the other is eudaimonic well-being, that relates to human potential. Another theory on wellbeing says that an individual who lives according to their own daimon or true self will contribute to wellbeing. Realization of their true nature is considered to be the eudaimonic concept of wellbeing and this contributes to happiness (hedonic well-being). People who tend to exhibit immoral, malicious and surreptitious acts will suffer mentally and physically. All these psychological principles of wellbeing were compared with the stories of the Hindu epicsRamayana and Mahabharata.
Bullous Keratopathy Secondary to Anterior Chamber Angle Foreign Body

BACKGROUND: Penetrating ocular trauma with intraocular foreign body is a serious injury often resulting in loss of vision. Anterior chamber foreign bodies account for a considerable portion of all cases of all intraocular foreign bodies (up to 15%); however, they can be missed due to inconspicuous location. CASE REPORT: We report two cases of retained intraocular foreign bodies in the iridocorneal angle that was missed at the first ophthalmic examination. They were only discovered when complications occurred, such as corneal edema and increased intraocular pressure. In the case whereby the foreign body was taken out early, corneal damages were reversible. However, in the case whereby the foreign body was taken out late, endothelial damage was irreversible and endothelial transplantation was needed. CONCLUSION: Regarding trauma patients, a careful examination should be performed to discover foreign bodies in the iridocorneal angle. If local peripheral corneal edema occurred, attention should be paid to the trauma history and to timely discovery of the foreign body. This will prevent any irreversible corneal damages.
IMPACT OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS AND/OR VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK COMPOSITION AND FATTY ACIDS PROFILE OF LACTATING BALADI GOATS

Twenty eight lactating Baladi goats (3-4 years old and the average weight ranged from 33.9 – 35.6 kg) after two weeks of parturition were assigned according to milk production into four groups (7 animals each). Each group was randomly assigned to feed one of the following experimental rations, control ration (R1) consists of 50% concentrate feed mixture and 50% Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), control ration was supplemented with either whole sunflower seeds (SFS) to provide 3.5% oil from DM intake (R2), 250 IU vitamin E and 2 mg selenium/h/d (R3) or both of the previous supplementation (R4). There were no significant differences among tested groups in digestibility of DM, CP, CF and EE. The lowest nutrients digestibility was recorded with R2 while, the highest were with R4. Goats fed either R3 or R4 had the highest globulin and the lowest cholesterol concentrations in blood plasma. There were no differences among groups in DMI, milk yield and milk contents of protein, lactose, TS and SNF while, milk fat content was increased with SFS supplementation (R2 and R4) compared with R1. Feeding on rations supplemented with vitamin E plus selenium (R3 and R4) increased their concentrations in milk. Total saturated fatty acids were decreased and total unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA), mono- and poly- unsaturated fatty acids were increased in milk when goats fed on R2 and R4. It could be concluded that feeding lactating goats on ration supplemented with SFS and vitamin E plus selenium improved lactation performance and increased TUFA, vitamin E and selenium in milk, which may have good impact on consumer's health.
Experimental research of the social expectations of holders of master’s degree in pedagogy

: The purpose of the article is to reveal the results of experimental study of the social expectations of holders of Master’s Degree in Pedagogy (Master of education / M.Ed.) (n=102). The psychological and pedagogical experiment was used in the study. The results are: significant positive changes in awareness indicator about the expected course of events (.004**; p≤.01); expected attitudes towards participants in interpersonal interaction (.008**; p≤.01); expected performance (.018**; p≤.01). The efficiency of the developed program was experimentally confirmed. The results of the study were presented at the IFNUL and KSU Masters and Teachers’ Reporting Conference. Participants noted that it would be very useful to find more factors that will help optimize the development of social expectations of masters of education, identify the most effective psycho-corrective practices, make the program prolonged and implement it in the educational process from the first year of study of masters, try to adapt it to higher education level – “Bachelor”. Experimental confirmation of the effectiveness of the developed program indicates the possibility and necessity of its implementation in the form of special course “Social Expectations of the Personality: Theory and Practice” in the educational process of masters of education. In the perspective of research, there is development and adaptation of optimization of development program and psychocorrection of social expectations for all bachelors and masters IFNUL
Impact of the market concentration on trading chains' performance in Serbia

The aim of the paper is testing the difference between the market share of three leading acquired chains and the three leading domestic trading chains in Serbia, as well as the analysis of performance between these two groups of trading chains in the period 2011-2015. Performance of trading chains is measured by profitability, liquidity and leverage indicators. Results of t-test indicate that there is a significant difference between the market share of analyzed trading chains. The analysis of the difference between observed trading chains has shown that there is a significant difference only in the trend of profitability. The correlation analysis between market share and profitability, shows that acquired trading chains with higher market share have lower profitability.
Two-Step Iteration Scheme for Nonexpansive Mappings in Banach Space

In this paper, we introduce a new two-step iteration process to approximate common fixed points of two nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces and established strong and weak convergence results of this iterative scheme. We also shows that our iteration process converges faster than of Mann, S-iterative and modified Ishikawa processes. Our result also illustrated with help of an example with numerical calculation. The results obtained in this paper is generalizations of Sahu [7].