Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The inorganic carbonate chemistry of the southern Strait of Georgia

A one-dimensional, biophysical, mixing layer model was modified to hindcast pH and aragonite saturation state (ΩA) in the southern Strait of Georgia. The model skill in predicting spring phytoplankton bloom timing in previous studies was a key factor in its selection. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) were added as state variables, coupled to the existing nitrogen-based biological equations. Additional processes determined to be important to the system such as air-sea gas exchange and nutrient-limited excess carbon uptake were also implemented. pH and ΩA could then be calculated from DIC and TA. Modeled DIC, TA, pH, and ΩA were evaluated against data collected between 2003 and 2012. Modeled and observed quantities agreed except in some summers, with surface disagreement driven primarily by plume variability and subsurface disagreement driven primarily by model overproductivity. Model outputs demonstrated a nearsurface seasonal cycle characterized by low pH and ΩA in winter and high pH and ΩA in summer. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of model pH and ΩA to local forcing quantities, the model was run in one year increments over the period from 2001 through 2012. For each year, each of three forcing records (wind speed, freshwater flux, cloud fraction) was shifted across all possible years during the same period for a total of 432 experimental runs. When regressed against spring wind speed, model surface pH demonstrated a clear, negative correlation. Model spring ΩA demonstrated a negative correlation to cloud fraction. Summer pH and ΩA were most sensitive to freshwater flux, both showing negative correlations. Model pH and ΩA sensitivity to freshwater TA and pH were also evaluated over the same period using a set of realisitic freshwater chemistry scenarios determined from observations in the Fraser River. Model pH and ΩA demonstrated opposite
Loneliness and depression in older adults with multimorbidity: the role of self-efficacy and social support

Introduction As relatively little is known about self-efficacy and social support in individuals aged 65 years and older and whether they are facing a decline in life due to multimorbidity and previous COVID-19 infection, this study investigated hypotheses based on Social Cognitive Theory. Methods It was tested whether depressive symptoms in multimorbid patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 infection, and recover post infection during their hospital stay, do not differ from those of multimorbid patients hospitalized for other conditions. Furthermore, we tested whether depressive symptoms are associated with increased loneliness scores, low self-efficacy beliefs, and poorly perceived social support. Additionally, it was investigated whether self-efficacy is a mediator variable, and social support is a moderator variable between loneliness and depression. N = 135 patients with or without previous COVID-19 infection (mean age 64.76) were recruited. Paper questionnaires were collected at the time of inpatient hospital admission in the year 2021 and in a cross-sectional study design. The study compared n = 45 multimorbid patients who survived COVID-19 infection with those n = 90 who were not infected before. Results No significant difference in depressive symptomology between these two groups revealed [t(133) = 130, p = 0.90, d = 0.024); F(3, 122) = 0.255, p = 0.86]. The study found a positive correlation between loneliness and anxiety and depression in both groups (rdepression = 0.419 and ranxiety = 0.496). Self-efficacy mediated the relation between loneliness and depression. The completely standardized indirect effect was β = 0.111, percentile Bootstrap 95% CI 0.027–0.201. Discussion The research findings suggest the importance of self-efficacy, and loneliness in the development of depressive symptoms, and have several practical implications for improving the mental health of multimorbid patients: Prospectively, treatment should not only focus on physical and cognitive health, but also on promoting self-efficacy and perceived social support, as well as address loneliness with psychoeducational interventions. Replication of the findings and conducting interventional research also employing lifestyle components should follow up, as this study tested associations but no causal relationships.
Evaluating Pregnant Women’s Knowledge Regarding Genital Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Background: genital tract infections during pregnancy are global health problems that cause complications for mothers and infants. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate pregnant women’s knowledge regarding genital tract infections. Study design: A descriptive study design was utilized. Setting: The study was carried out in the outpatient Antenatal Clinic of the New Obstetric and Gynecological Hospital at Mansoura University. Study subjects: The study subjects included 231 pregnant women according to inclusion criteria. Tools : A structured interview questionnaire was used consisting of three parts including an assessment sheet of personal characteristics, obstetric history of, and knowledge of pregnant women, regarding GTIs. Results : The results found that more than one-third of pregnant women had correct knowledge about the definition of GTIs, more than half of studied women had incorrect knowledge about causes and treatment of GTIs, more than one-quarter of them had correct knowledge about risk factors of GTIs while, more than half of them had correct knowledge about signs and symptoms of GTIs, less than half of them had incorrect knowledge about prevention of GTIs and less than two-thirds of them had incorrect knowledge about the mode of transmission, complication and diagnostic tests of GTIs. Conclusion: the present study concluded that there were less than two-thirds of pregnant women had poor knowledge, more than one-quarter of them had good knowledge and only(13.4%) had fair knowledge regarding genital tract infections. Recommendations: Designs and implementing necessary educational program about the proper genital hygiene practice to improve knowledge of pregnant women through different media.
Distribution of heavy metals in attic and deposited dust in the vicinity of copper ore processing and ferronickel smelter plants in the Republic of Macedonia

A comprehensive monitoring was applied to assess the environmental pollution in the Republic of Macedonia. Large amounts of fine dust are generated during blasts and excavations of mining minerals and from highly technological industrial processes, whereas they are distributed in the air by the winds. For that issue characterization of heavy metals content in attic dust and total deposited matter was performed. The significant emission sources that contribute to atmospheric pollution with heavy metals on the tenitory of the Republic of Macedonia appear to be all mines and smelter plants. In one of the region three collection stations were placed for monthly monitoring of heavy metals content in total deposited dust is near a copper mine in the Radovis region and the second location is in the vicinity of the smelter plant known for its ferronickel industrial activity in the Kavadarci region. In both locations two most affected villages and the nearest town was monitor within one year. Characterisation of contents showed higher content of heavy metals in deposited dust, which is due to distribution of fine particles from mine and smelter plant respectively, in air and their deposition in settlements in the close vicinity.
The Viral Protein Poly(A) Polymerase Catalytic Subunit Interacts with Guanylate-Binding Proteins 2 to Antagonize the Antiviral Ability of Targeting Ectromelia Virus

The recent spread of the monkeypox virus among humans has heightened concerns regarding orthopoxvirus infections. Consequently, conducting a comprehensive study on the immunobiology of the monkeypox virus is imperative for the development of effective therapeutics. Ectromelia virus (ECTV) closely resembles the genetic and disease characteristics of monkeypox virus, making it a valuable research tool for studying orthopoxvirus–host interactions. Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs), highly expressed interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), have antagonistic effects against various intracellular pathogenic microorganisms. Our previous research has shown that GBP2 has a mild but statistically significant inhibitory effect on ECTV infection. The presence of a significant number of molecules in the poxvirus genome that encode the host immune response raises questions about whether it also includes proteins that counteract the antiviral activity of GBP2. Using IP/MS and co-IP technology, we discovered that the poly(A) polymerase catalytic subunit (PAPL) protein of ECTV is a viral regulatory molecule that interacts with GBP2. Further studies have shown that PAPL antagonizes the antiviral activity of GBP2 by reducing its protein levels. Knocking out the PAPL gene of ECTV with the CRISPR/Cas9 system significantly diminishes the replication ability of the virus, indicating the indispensable role of PAPL in the replication process of ECTV. In conclusion, our study presents preliminary evidence supporting the significance of PAPL as a virulence factor that can interact with GBP2.
Preschool Emotional Problems in the Post-Pandemic Era between Parental Risk and Protective Factors

The psychosocial adaptation of children born or experiencing their early years during the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain. In order to implement prevention strategies, it is, therefore, a priority to deeply analyze children’s mental health in this post-pandemic phase and to identify family risk and protective factors. Indeed, recent studies reveal that children’s emotional distress increased with the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in situations of high parental stress. The study investigates associations between some parental characteristics (coping strategies, parental burnout, resilience, perception of social support, and promotion of children’s social-emotional competence) and children’s emotional symptoms, considering gender differences. A total of 358 parents of children aged 2 to 6 years participated in this study. Regression analyses show that parental burnout is a predictor of emotional symptoms; moreover, for females, higher levels of emotional symptoms are associated with parental maladaptive coping strategies, whereas for males, the parent’s ability to promote children’s emotional competence is a protective factor. Results emphasize the importance of supporting parental well-being as a critical factor in shielding children from the repercussions of adverse situations.
The Management of Perinatal Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is highly prevalent in clinical perinatal mental health settings, although there are few systematic programmes to identify BPD at this time. Retrospective studies show compromised birth outcomes for women with this condition, and several authors have highlighted a significant range of problem outcomes for offspring identifiable from early infancy through the adult years, including the intergenerational transfer of mental health problems from mother to child. A literature review identifies the varying prevalence rates found in non-clinical and clinical settings and the paucity of published studies on the management of perinatal BPD, in particular focused both on the mother and mother-infant relationships. A case study is presented to show both the potential benefits of inpatient mother-baby unit protocols and of specialised longer-term group therapy. Many knowledge gaps can be identified for further clinical research that could potentially benefit families with perinatal BPD, including systematic identification of perinatal BPD and intensive programmes that not only could perhaps improve birth outcomes but also provide skills to mothers to help with their emotional regulation and potentially improve mother-infant relationships and longer-term offspring developmental pathways.
XMM–Newton observations of the complex spin pulse of the intermediate polar PQ Geminorum

The intermediate polar PQ Geminorum shows a complex pulsation, caused by a spinning white dwarf, which varies markedly with wavelength. We report XMM-Newton observations, including the soft and hard X-ray bands and the first ultraviolet light curves of this star. We update the ephemeris for PQ Gem allowing us to align these data with a compilation of light curves from the optical to the X-ray. Building on work by previous authors, we show how a model in which accretion flows along skewed field lines, viewed at the correct inclination, can explain the major features of the light curves in all bands. We discuss how the skew of the field lines relates to the spinning down of the white dwarf rotation.
Perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in Qiantang River waters of China

Recently, there has been increasing concern about perfluorinated compounds, especially perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). To characterise the seasonal change of PFOS and PFOA in the Qiantang River waters of China, 48 water samples from March to September in 2013 were collected and analysed in this study. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were n.d-1.186 ng/L and from 5.35-137.5 ng/L, respectively. PFOS has been observed at a low concentration in these samples, while PFOA was detected in 100% of the samples with higher PFOA concentrations. PFOA concentrations were far higher than those of PFOS in all the samples, which were influenced by the inflows of the chemicals from a lot of the textile dyeing industry along the south bank of the river. Although the PFOS and PFOA concentrations in Qiantang River water samples did not exceed this provisional health advisory level (limit) established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for PFOS and PFOA in drinking waters of 200 ng
The Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Effect on Adak Island (Central Aleutian Islands), Alaska

Radiocarbon dates (n = 18) from three archaeological sites on Adak Island, Alaska, were analyzed to understand the marine reservoir offset. Samples of marine and terrestrial origins recovered from the same archaeological context were compiled in nine pairs. The mean ΔR value calculated for them totaled 545 ± 10 yr. This value can be regarded as a sound estimate of the marine reservoir offset in the central Aleutians.
Pharmacogenomic Analysis of Combined Therapies against Glioblastoma Based on Cell Markers from Single-Cell Sequencing

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain cancer and the lack of viable treatment options has created an urgency to develop novel treatments. Personalized or predictive medicine is still in its infancy stage at present. This research aimed to discover biomarkers to inform disease progression and to develop personalized prophylactic and therapeutic strategies by combining state-of-the-art technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing, systems pharmacology, and a polypharmacological approach. As predicted in the pyroptosis-related gene (PRG) transcription factor (TF) microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network, TP53 was the hub gene in the pyroptosis process in glioblastoma (GBM). A LASSO Cox regression model of pyroptosis-related genes was built to accurately and conveniently predict the one-, two-, and three-year overall survival rates of GBM patients. The top-scoring five natural compounds were parthenolide, rutin, baeomycesic acid, luteolin, and kaempferol, which have NFKB inhibition, antioxidant, lipoxygenase inhibition, glucosidase inhibition, and estrogen receptor agonism properties, respectively. In contrast, the analysis of the cell-type-specific differential expression-related targets of natural compounds showed that the top five subtype cells targeted by natural compounds were endothelial cells, microglia/macrophages, oligodendrocytes, dendritic cells, and neutrophil cells. The current approach—using the pharmacogenomic analysis of combined therapies—serves as a model for novel personalized therapeutic strategies for GBM treatment.
The Impact of Social Media Influencer (SMI) Characteristics on Consumer Purchase Intention (CPI) of Beauty and Personal Care (BPC) Products in Sri Lanka

Influencer Marketing is a form of social media promotion that incorporates the promotion of products and the placement of influencers' endorsements. These influencers are known for having a high level of expertise and attractiveness. It is common for people to misunderstand this and confuse Influencer Marketing with celebrity marketing. There may be some overlap, but a person's perceived popularity alone is insufficient to create successful influencer marketing. Many influencers have built huge communities to whom they promote an agreed product or activity. Different SMIs’ characteristics lead consumers to have positive purchase intentions towards the products in which they are promoting. However, such effects of influencer characteristics on purchase intention of various products in the Sri Lankan market have not been adequately researched. Moreover, it appears that the BPC product market has not been investigated as well. The purpose of this study is to bridge this research gap by examining the impact of SMIs’ characteristics on the purchase intention BPC products among Sri Lankan consumers, with an emphasis on identifying if there are significant impact on the consumers’ attitudes towards the influencers as well. The data was obtained using a self-administered structured questionnaire from 202 consumers who uses social media in Sri Lanka. It was later analyzed using various statistical techniques such as descriptive analysis, simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, and mediation analysis. The findings demonstrated that credibility is having a more impact on purchase intention of BPC products promoted by SMIs than the attractiveness of them. The findings also revealed that consumers’ attitude towards the SMIs is having a major impact on purchase intention of BPC products promoted by the SMIs through the significant complete mediation.
The advent of community-based private media in Ethiopia: Implications for nation building and integration

Abstract The aim of the study was assessing the implications of community-based private media for nation building in Ethiopia. To this end, the study employed a mixed research approach. Likewise, interviews, questionnaires, and document reviews were employed as data gathering tools of the study. The study population consisted of community-based private television stations found in Ethiopia such as Oromia Media Network, Amhara Satellite Radio and Television, Oromia Broadcasting Service, LTV Ethiopia, Ethiopian broadcast authorities, Ethiopian journalist associations, and political elites. As well, purposive and convenient sampling was utilized for selecting interviewees, and simple random sampling was employed for selecting participants for questionnaires. In so doing, 400 informants were selected as the sample size of the study. Thematic data analysis was used for the qualitative data, and SPSS with descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the quantitative data. Thus, the findings of this study revealed as follows: First, community-based private media has a devastating role in nation-building and state integration in Ethiopia. Similarly, community-based media played a significant role in inciting conflict and violence in the country, and they have made a momentous contribution to destabilizing the on-going political transition. Second, the on-going violence in the country is fuelled by community-based media in a state-sponsored manner, primarily by people who are in the government structure deliberately working against the interests of the government to fasten the disintegration among various ethnic communities in the country. Third, community-based media often propagate ethnic nationalism to erode the national unity and solidarity of the people by reporting fake news. Therefore, the study concluded that the key constraints causing Ethiopia’s nation-building process and state integration to weaken over the last few years are the absence of media law to shape the media’s behaviour pattern, weak leadership, the absence of credible independent civic associations, a lack of political determination to maintain law and order in the country, and the presence of poor media ethics. Media law shall be effectively applied to make community-based media’s contribution to nation building and state integration positive as well as to make them accountable for their deeds.
Generation of Internal Waves by Eddies Impinging on the Western Boundary of the North Atlantic

AbstractDespite the major role played by mesoscale eddies in redistributing the energy of the large-scale circulation, our understanding of their dissipation is still incomplete. This study investigates the generation of internal waves by decaying eddies in the North Atlantic western boundary. The eddy presence and decay are measured from the altimetric surface relative vorticity associated with an array of full-depth current meters extending ~100 km offshore at 26.5°N. In addition, internal waves are analyzed over a topographic rise from 2-yr high-frequency measurements of an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), which is located 13 km offshore in 600-m deep water. Despite an apparent polarity independence of the eddy decay observed from altimetric data, the flow in the deepest 100 m is enhanced for anticyclones (25.2 cm s−1) compared with cyclones (−4.7 cm s−1). Accordingly, the internal wave field is sensitive to this polarity-dependent deep velocity. This is apparent from the eddy-modulated enhanc.
Effects of swell on transport and dispersion of oil plumes within the ocean mixed layer

The transport in the ocean mixed layer (OML) of oil plumes originated from deepwater blowouts is studied using large eddy simulations. In particular, we focus on the effects of swell on the modulation of turbulence in the OML and its impact on oil transport. Results show that when the misalignment between the wind and the swell propagation is small, Langmuir cells develop and significantly enhance the vertical dilution of the oil plume. Conversely, when the misalignment is large, vertical dilution is suppressed when compared to the no-swell case. Due to the strong directional shear of the mean flow within the OML, plume depth significantly impacts mean transport direction. The size of oil droplets in the plume also plays an important role in vertical dilution and mean transport direction.
Why choose articaine over lidocaine for the removal of third molars? Systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The aim of the present study was to seek scientific evidence through a systematic review and meta-analysis for the choice of articaine over lidocaine in the removal of third molars. Material and Methods Searches were performed of the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases as well as the grey literature. Results Four hundred three articles were found, only 14 of which met the eligibility criteria. A total of 1114 third molars were removed: 557 with articaine and 557 with lidocaine. Articaine had a higher success rate than lidocaine (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.15; P< 0.05), shorter subjective latency time (MD = -15.10, 95% CI: -21.57 to -8.63; P< 0.05), less intraoperative pain (MD = -6; P< 0.05), longer duration (MD = 68.86; P< 0.05), and less postoperative pain (MD = -3.05; P< 0.05). Conclusions Based on the findings, articaine is superior to lidocaine for use in lower third molar surgeries due to the higher success rate, shorter time until the onset of action, greater control of intraoperative and postoperative pain, and longer duration of the anesthetic effect. Key words:Articaine, lidocaine, third molar, impacted teeth.