Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discrepancies between Clinical and Autopsy Diagnoses in the Emergency Department of the University Hospital of the West Indies.

Objectives: To determine the cause of death diagnoses and the discrepancy rate between clinical and autopsy diagnoses in the Emergency Department (ED) of the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI). Methods: Clinical and post-mortem records were reviewed for all the patients dying in the ED of the UHWI within 24 hours of their admission, during the period January 2007 to December 2010. The patients’ demographic data, clinical cause of death and cause of death established at autopsy were documented for each case. The clinical diagnoses were classified as being either concordant (similar) or discrepant (dissimilar) with respect to the pathologic diagnosis, using a modified Underwood classification. The frequencies of diagnostic discrepancy were analysed with respect to disease category, gender and age. Results: For the study period, 68 of the 180 patients who died in the ED within 24 hours of their admission received autopsies (autopsy rate, 37.8%), and they ranged in age from 11–92 years (mean 54.9); M: F ratio, 1.4:1. The commonest autopsy cause of death category was circulatory disorders; cardiovascular diseases were more common than cerebrovascular diseases. The discrepancy rate between the clinical and autopsy cause of death diagnoses was 36.8%. The frequency of discrepancies increased with age; the majority (57.9%) occurred in patients > 50 years of age. Conclusions: The autopsy rate, distribution of cause of death diagnoses and discrepancy rate documented in our ED are comparable to similar studies. The high frequency of discrepant diagnoses among older age groups, combined with the diagnostic challenges in the ED related to time and patient co-morbidities, warrant a concerted effort to increase the autopsy rate.
Early retirement of power plants in climate mitigation scenarios

International efforts to avoid dangerous climate change aim for large and rapid reductions of fossil fuel CO2 emissions worldwide, including nearly complete decarbonization of the electric power sector. However, achieving such rapid reductions may depend on early retirement of coal- and natural gas-fired power plants. Here, we analyze future fossil fuel electricity demand in 171 energy-emissions scenarios from Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), evaluating the implicit retirements and/or reduced operation of generating infrastructure. Although IAMs calculate retirements endogenously, the structure and methods of each model differ; we use a standard approach to infer retirements in outputs from all six major IAMs and—unlike the IAMs themselves—we begin with the age distribution and region-specific operating capacities of the existing power fleet. We find that coal-fired power plants in scenarios consistent with international climate targets (i.e. keeping global warming well-below 2 °C or 1.5 °C) retire one to three decades earlier than historically has been the case. If plants are built to meet projected fossil electricity demand and instead allowed to operate at the level and over the lifetimes they have historically, the roughly 200 Gt CO2 of additional emissions this century would be incompatible with keeping global warming well-below 2 °C. Thus, ambitious climate mitigation scenarios entail drastic, and perhaps un-appreciated, changes in the operating and/or retirement schedules of power infrastructure.
Parametric upconversion imaging and its applications

This paper provides an extensive survey of nonlinear parametric upconversion infrared (IR) imaging, from its origin to date. Upconversion imaging is a successful innovative technique for IR imaging in terms of sensitivity, speed, and noise performance. In this approach, the IR image is frequency upconverted to form a visible/near-IR image through parametric three-wave mixing followed by detection using a silicon-based detector or camera. In 1968, Midwinter first demonstrated upconversion imaging from short-wave-IR (1.6 μm) to visible (484 nm) wavelength using a bulk lithium niobate crystal. This technique quickly gained interest, and several other groups demonstrated upconversion imaging further into the mid- and far-IR with significantly improved quantum efficiency. Although a few excellent reviews on upconversion imaging were published in the early 1970s, the rapid progress in recent years merits an updated comprehensive review. The topic includes linear imaging, nonlinear optics, and laser science and has shown diverse applications. The scope of this article is to provide in-depth knowledge of upconversion imaging theory. An overview of different phase matching conditions for the parametric process and the sensitivity of the upconversion detection system are discussed. Furthermore, different design considerations and optimization schemes are outlined for application-specific upconversion imaging. The article comprises a historical perspective of the technique, its most recent technological advances, specific outstanding issues, and some cutting-edge applications of upconversion in IR imaging.
Community-Based Occupational Therapy Practice Among Older Adults: A Delphi Study

This capstone project explores the socio-political environment of current and potential community-based occupational therapy (OT) services among community-dwelling older adults, including the current state of community-based OT practice and the current awareness of OT’s potential impact on health and wellness among community-dwelling older adults. The goal is to identify how to increase the presence of OT in community settings to decrease the occupational injustice among the older adult population. The research method used is the Delphi Method, an anonymous structured communication between experts in the field of community-based OT practice and the older adult population. Experts, provided real-world knowledge and guidance to: 1. identify indicators that inhibit the presence of OT in community-based practice for the older adult, 2. identify if OT is a potential service within the community to improve health, wellness, and quality of life (QOL) for the prevention of disease among older adults, and 3. forecast how an increased presence of OT in community settings can decrease occupational injustice among the older adult population. Community-based OT practice was identified as a valuable service among older adults. Recommendations were established on how to increase community-based OT practice among older adults. Limitations were identified as to why OT is rare in community practice. A body of evidence, including this research, supports the need to address the OT profession’s theoretical, philosophical and practical perspective on community-based OT practice among older adults.
Yale observation scale for bacterial infection in febrile children

Fever in young children usually indicates an underlying infection and is the most common cause of concern for parents and caretaker. Most of patients with fever had self-limiting viral illness having nonspecific symptoms and focus of infection, on the other hand some have serious bacterial infections such as meningitis or pneumonia, so it is difficult for a pediatrician to differentiate mild febrile illness from severe bacterial infection. So there is a high need to improve the recognition, assessment and immediate treatment of such illnesses in children.
Review of Clocked Storage Elements in Digital Circuit Design

Storage of digital circuit is "state" or memory. These are called sequential circuits. The most fundamental sequential circuit type that we will ponder is known as the Flip-Flop. It is ponder four distinct assortments of these gadgets and their utilization in registers and register documents, which can be considered as one type of on– CPU memory. The traditional memory, called RAM, is ordinarily not on the CPU chip. Regular Slam and its assortments, including RAM, ROM, SRAM, Measure, and SDRAM. True single-phase clock (TSPC) method of reasoning has found wide use in advanced plan. At first as a quick topology, the TSPC structure in like manner eats up less power and includes less areas than various systems. In flip-flop plan only a single transistor is being clocked by short heartbeat get ready which is known as True Single Phase Clocking (TSPC) flip-flop.
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan Seksualitas dengan Pelecehan Seksual pada Siswa Sekolah di Wilayah PUSKESMAS Harapan Baru Kota Samarinda

Tujuan studi:Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan seksualitas dengan pelecehan seksual pada siswa sekolah di wilayah Puskesmas Harapan Baru. Metodologi : Metode yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan seksualitas dan pelecehan seksual. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling, yaitu di 2 sekolah menengah pertama yang berjumlah 337 siswa yang berdekatan dengan Wilayah Puskesmas Harapan Baru. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisis data mencakup analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil: Secara statistik terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan seksualitas dengan pelecehan seksual (p= 0,017, OR= 1,892; CI 95%= 1,146-3,121). Manfaat:Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi untuk penelitian masa depan
Predicting Insurance Demand from Risk Attitudes

Can measured risk attitudes and associated structural models predict insurance demand? In an experiment (n = 1,730), we elicit measures of utility curvature, probability weighting, loss aversion, and preference for certainty and use them to parameterize seventeen common structural models (e.g., expected utility, cumulative prospect theory). Subjects also make twelve insurance choices over different loss probabilities and prices. The insurance choices show coherence and some correlation with various risk-attitude measures. Yet all the structural models predict insurance poorly, often less accurately than random predictions. Simpler prediction heuristics show more promise for predicting insurance choices across different conditions.
The Role of Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardias in the Treatment of Patients with Electrical Storm

Abstract Electrical storm due to the development of repetitive sustained ventricular tachycardias (VT) is a potentially life-threatening clinical entity. Acute catheter ablation can be lifesaving. Electrical storm (ES) can be characterized as a period of severe cardiac electrical instability manifested by recurrent ventricular arrhythmias. ES adversely affects short and long term prognosis. The highest mortality risk is in the first 3 months after the occurrence of the index event as shown by the AVID trial. The appearance of a ventricular tachycardia (VT) storm is associated with a rather high mortality despite the presence of an internal cardioverter defibrillator. Catheter ablation (CA) in VT storm is evolving as a standard of care therapy. The increased utilization of CA is partly driven by data suggesting that ICD shocks may be associated with increased mortality, partly due to the limited possibilities and adverse events of medical therapy. The aim of this review is to summarize recent advances in CA of VTs in emergency setting.
The long-term challenges faced by stroke survivors and their caregivers following a stroke in Bangladesh: a qualitative study

# Background Strokes result in devastating consequences to both the survivors and caregivers, therefore it is important that it is appropriately managed and caregivers are well supported. In order to do this effectively, we need a better understanding of the challenges faced by stroke survivors and their caregivers, in a country with limited provisions for rehabilitation. Our aim was to explore the experiences of stroke survivors and their caregivers' 1-year post discharge from stroke rehabilitation in Bangladesh. # Methods Twenty stroke survivors and their caregivers were selected for our qualitative, single-centred study. Participants were chosen using a convenience sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data during face-to-face interviews. Six themes were deciphered following analysis of the data collected. # Results There was a low return to work rate and poor awareness of stroke and its risk factors. There was no provision of rehabilitation whilst in hospital or at home and a lack of advice on how to access rehabilitation after hospital. Stroke survivors and caregivers\' experienced physical, social and emotional wellbeing challenges. # Conclusions Schemes to increase the awareness of stroke and its risk factors are needed to reduce the incidence of stroke. Earlier access to rehabilitation and ongoing support and training through implementation of a stroke pathway may improve outcomes for stroke survivors and caregivers. Future research should investigate the challenges of returning to work and the experiences of stroke survivors and caregivers who did not receive rehabilitation.
Impact of Iceberg Calving on the Retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica Over the Next Century With Different Calving Laws and Ocean Thermal Forcing

Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, has been a major contributor to global sea level rise over the past decades. Prior studies illustrated the critical role of ice shelf melt and iceberg calving based on cliff height in driving the retreat of Thwaites glacier. Here, we simulate its evolution with various calving laws and rates of frontal melt by the ocean in the absence of a buttressing ice shelf. Over the next century, we find that volume losses increase by 15–160% with a von Mises calving law compared to the case where the initial ice shelf is kept and the ice front is fixed at its current position, 10–20% with a buoyancy‐driven calving law, and 5–50% with frontal melt caused by ocean thermal forcing. Bed topography exerts the ultimate control on the evolution of Thwaites. In all simulations, once Thwaites Glacier retreats past the western subglacial ridge, the retreat becomes rapidly unstoppable.
Labour Market Outcomes for Cancer Survivors: A Review of the Reviews

Objectives: To synthesise the existing reviews conducted on the labour market outcomes of cancer survivors by focusing on (i) the convergences and divergences on the overall work-related outcomes, (ii) the moderating factors studied to date, and (iii) an identification of areas where more research is needed in the future. Methods: A systematic review of the existing reviews on labour market outcomes for cancer survivors was performed. Bibliographic search for eligible studies published before January 2019 involved the following three core concepts: (i) cancer survivors, (ii) work, and (iii) review. The quality of the included reviews was assessed based on the Johns Hopkins Hospital Evidence Level and Quality Guide. Following this, a narrative synthesis of the findings was completed. Results: In total, 35 articles met the inclusion criteria. The average return to work (RTW) rate varied between 54% and 66%. The self-reported work ability was consistently lower following cancer. This review also found strong converging evidence of self-reported discrimination after cancer. The effects on work performance showed several inconsistencies, possibly due to the use of different definitions of work performance. Most moderating factors for successful work outcomes showed converging evidence, except for age, marital status, cancer type, and country. We provide several possible explanations and linkages for these divergencies. Conclusions: Further investigation of causal relationships by (i) using matched control groups and by (ii) gathering longitudinal data, and the use of more standardised definitions of the outcome variables are the two main future research recommendations. Furthermore, no studies have succeeded in measuring the work outcomes objectively. We provide specific recommendations from an interdisciplinary context to solve this.
Prevalence of dyslipidemia in South Indian adults: an urban-rural comparison -

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, and is one of the major public health problems globally. There is an emerging evidence of premature CAD occurring in Asian Indians, at least 10 years earlier as compared to other ethnic groups. Dyslipidemia is a consequence of modernization because the prevalence of dyslipidemia is higher in urban than rural areas. In this context, the present study was aimed to determine lipid levels and to compare the lipid levels and prevalence of dyslipidemia in a rural and urban community in Tamil Nadu. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done on Adults ≥ 30 years of age residing in the Field practice area of Rural Health Centre and Urban Health Centre, Division of Community medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalai University. This study included Interview schedule, Anthropometry, Blood pressure measurement and Fasting lipid profile on 325 subjects of whom 165 and 160 belong to urban and rural population respectively. Results: The study revealed higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, which was marginally higher in the urban (74.5%) than the rural (68.8%) area but the difference was statistically not significant (p value=0.246). The extents of high total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides were marginally higher in the urban area but the difference was statistically not significant. There is a linear association between the prevalence of dyslipidemia, age and body mass index. Conclusions: Our study concluded the higher percentage of dyslipidemia both in the urban and rural population. Hence, awareness programmes on desirable diet and regular screening of population on periodic basis should be incorporated at the primary health care level.
Employment impact on hospitality and tourism students’ academic journey: the HBCU students’ perspective

ABSTRACT Concurrent paid employment and full-time undergraduate studies is inevitable for many hospitality and tourism students. The purpose of this exploratory study was to understand how Historically Black Colleges and Universities’ (HBCU) hospitality and tourism students perceived the role of employment in their academic success and timeliness of degree completion. Twelve senior hospitality students at a southeastern HBCU university in the United States who were employed over 20 hours per week participated in this qualitative study. Although students experienced many challenges resulting from concurrent employment and full-time studies, they also experienced significant learning in their various employment positions while enrolled in the hospitality and tourism management undergraduate degree. All students viewed paid employment experiences as a valuable element in their educational journey, worthy of receiving academic credit.
Flexible and Modular Simultaneous Modeling of Flow and Reactive Transport in Rivers and Hyporheic Zones

Investigations of coupled multiphysics processes in rivers and hyporheic zones have extensively used numerical models. Most existing models use a sequential, one‐way coupling between the surface and subsurface domains. Such one‐way coupling potentially introduces error. To overcome this, a fully coupled model, hyporheicFoam, was developed using the open‐source computational platform OpenFOAM. It captures the coupled flow and multicomponent reactive transport processes within both surface and subsurface domains and across their interface. The coupling between two domains is implemented by mapping conservative flux boundary conditions at the interface through an iterative algorithm. Reactive transport is enabled by specifying a reaction network. To start, we have implemented reaction kinetics following the double Monod‐type model with inhibition. The model capability is illustrated through modeling of both conservative and reactive hyporheic flow and transport through dune bedforms. With the novel coupled model, it is now possible to quantify reactions wherein the reactants and products are constantly exchanging between domains and have feedbacks. hyporheicFoam can simulate large, three‐dimensional cases owing to the computational flexibility and power offered by the code structure and parallel design of OpenFOAM.
Influence of Ecuadorian Homosexual Subculture in Consumption Culture: Study about Information Consumption on Twitter

Abstract This qualitative research examines the Ecuadorian homosexual subculture and determines how gender, images, texts, and objects are referred to consumption culture. The netnography method was used to collect data from Twitter conversations. Categorization and classification of the conversations showed how the information was created, the purpose of the message, and the target audience. Results reveal common subjects in relation to news, human rights, and gender equality. Subjects were conceptualized based on the consumption of information in social, cultural, and political environments. It was concluded that images, texts, and objects included in the conversations provide significant information about the homosexual subculture consumption behavior.
Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO2 vent systems of Ischia (Italy)

Morphological features of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and its epiphyte community were studied in three acidified stations located in two CO2 vents systems and one control station under normal pH conditions off the island of Ischia (Italy) to highlight the possible effects of ocean acidification. Plant phenology was analyzed every two months for a year cycle (June 2016–April 2017), while epiphytes were studied in the period of highest development of both the leaf canopy and the epiphytic community (June, August, and October 2016). The shoot density of Posidonia beds in the acidified stations of the studied sites was significantly higher than that in the control area. Significant differences in the mean leaf length according to the pH condition, month, and the interaction of these two factors were observed (PERMANOVA); the mean leaf width differed also among pH conditions and months. We recorded lower leaf lengths and widths in the acidified stations in all the considered months, compared to those in the control station. These differences are consistent with the higher impact of grazing by the herbivorous fish Sarpa salpa observed on the leaves in the acidified stations. However, the overall leaf surface available for epiphytes was similar among stations because of the higher shoot density under ocean acidification conditions. Overall, the composition and structure of the epiphytic community on the Posidonia leaves showed significant differences in relation to acidification: in both acidified sites, all the calcareous forms, both encrusting red algae (Corallinales) and animals (bryozoans, foraminiferans, and spirorbids), disappeared or were strongly reduced, in favor of encrusting or erect fleshy algae, and non-calcifying invertebrates (hydrozoans, tunicates) which dominated the assemblage. Coralline algae are early species in the epiphytic colonization of P. oceanica and therefore their absence can further modify the pattern of leaf colonization by other species. Therefore, the changes found in the epiphyte community in low pH areas could have potential cascading effects on the seagrass trophic network and the functioning of the system.