Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between processing conditions of Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1−x)4 and modulated surface photovoltage

Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1−x)4 (CZTSSe) layers deposited from multi-component nanoparticle inks were characterized by modulated surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy to investigate the effect of annealing conditions. The SPV signals increased strongly with decreasing sulfur content. Band gaps were obtained in terms of SPV onset energy. A diffusion length of above 1 μm was estimated for photo-generated electrons at x = 0.28. The band gap increased with increasing x showing an anomaly in the range of 0.5 < x < 1. The results suggested that an excess of selenium is required for the formation of a photo-active phase reliable for efficient Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1−x)4-based solar cells.
Ethnicity Disparities in the Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control Rates of Hypertension in China

Objectives Previous studies reported that there were disparities in hypertension management among different ethnic groups, and this study aimed to systematically determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension in multiple Chinese ethnic groups. Methods We searched Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science for articles up to 25 October, 2022. The pooled prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The heterogeneity of estimates among studies was assessed by the Cochran Q test and I2 statistic. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors influencing the heterogeneity of the pooled prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rate of hypertension. Results In total, 45 publications including 193,788 cases and 587,826 subjects were eligible for the analyses. The lowest prevalence was found in the Han group (27.0%), and the highest prevalence was in the Mongolian population (39.8%). The awareness rates ranged from 24.4% to 58.0% in the four ethnic groups. Both the highest treatment and control rates were found in the Mongolian population (50.6% and 16.0%, respectively), whereas the Yi group had the lowest control rate (8.0%). In addition, the study year, the mean age of subjects, mean body mass index of subjects, tobacco use (%), alcohol use (%), residence (urban%), and education (primary school%) had varied effects on heterogeneity. Conclusions These findings highlight the disparities in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension in a different ethnic population of China, which could provide suggestions for making targeted prevention measures.
Daily exercise improves the long-term prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome

Objective To demonstrate the effect of daily exercise on the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods A cohort of 9,636 patients with ACS were consecutively enrolled in our retrospective study between November 2015 and September 2017, which were used for model development. 6,745 patients were assigned as the derivation cohort and 2,891 patients were assigned as the validation cohort. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and COX regression were used to screen out significant variables for the construction of the nomogram. Multivariable COX regression analysis was employed for the development of a model represented by a nomogram. The nomogram was then evaluated for performance traits such as discrimination, calibration, and clinical efficacy. Results Among 9,636 patients with ACS (mean [SD] age, 60.3 [10.4] years; 7,235 men [75.1%]), the 5-year incidence for MACE was 0.19 at a median follow-up of 1,747 (1,160–1,825) days. Derived from the LASSO regression and COX regression, the nomogram has included 15 factors in total including age, previous myocardial infarction (MI), previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), systolic pressure, N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), serum creatinine, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), Killip class, the Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score, left anterior descending (LAD) stenosis (≥50%), circumflex (LCX) stenosis (≥50%), right coronary artery (RCA) stenosis (≥50%), exercise intensity, cumulative time. The 5-year area under the ROC curve (AUC) of derivation and validation cohorts were 0.659 (0.643–0.676) and 0.653 (0.629–0.677), respectively. The calibration plots showed the strong concordance performance of the nomogram model in both two cohorts. Moreover, decision curve analysis (DCA) also showed the usefulness of nomogram in clinical practice. Conclusion The present work provided a prediction nomogram predicting MACE for patients with ACS after incorporating the already known factors and the daily exercise, which demonstrated the effectiveness of daily exercise on the improvement of prognosis for patients with ACS.
A Systematic Review of the Research Topics in Online Learning During COVID-19: Documenting the Sudden Shift

Since most schools and learners had no choice but to learn online during the pandemic, online learning became the mainstream learning mode rather than a substitute for traditional face-to-face learning. Given this enormous change in online learning, we conducted a systematic review of 191 of the most recent online learning studies published during the COVID-19 era. The systematic review results indicated that the themes regarding “courses and instructors” became popular during the pandemic, whereas most online learning research has focused on “learners” pre-COVID-19. Notably, the research topics “course and instructors” and “course technology” received more attention than prior to COVID-19. We found that “engagement” remained the most common research theme even after the pandemic. New research topics included parents, technology acceptance or adoption of online learning, and learners’ and instructors’ perceptions of online learning.
Biostimulant and Elicitor Responses to Cricket Frass (Acheta domesticus) in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under Protected Conditions

Agriculture in the current century is seeking sustainable tools in order to generate plant production systems with minimal negative environmental impact. In recent years it has been shown that the use of insect frass is an option to be used for this purpose. The present work studied the effect of low doses (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% w/w) of cricket frass (Acheta domesticus) in the substrate during the cultivation of tomatos under greenhouse conditions. Plant performance and antioxidant enzymatic activities were measured in the study as explicative variables related to plant stress responses in order to determine possible biostimulant or elicitor effects of cricket frass treatments during tomato cultivation under greenhouse conditions. The main findings of this study indicated that tomato plants responded in a dose dependent manner to cricket frass treatments, recalling the hormesis phenomenon. On the one hand, a 0.1% (w/w) cricket frass treatment showed typical biostimulant features, while on the other hand, 0.5 and 1.0% treatments displayed elicitor effects in tomato plants under evaluated conditions in the present study. These results support the possibility that low doses of cricket frass might be used in tomato cultivation (and perhaps in other crops) for biostimulant/elicitor input into sustainable production systems.
Tenascin-X as a causal gene for classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

Tenascin-X (TNX) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein for which a deficiency results in a recessive form of classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS), a heritable connective tissue disorder with hyperextensible skin without atrophic scarring, joint hypermobility, and easy bruising. Notably, patients with clEDS also suffer from not only chronic joint pain and chronic myalgia but also neurological abnormalities such as peripheral paresthesia and axonal polyneuropathy with high frequency. By using TNX-deficient (Tnxb −/−) mice, well-known as a model animal of clEDS, we recently showed that Tnxb −/− mice exhibit hypersensitivity to chemical stimuli and the development of mechanical allodynia due to the hypersensitization of myelinated A-fibers and activation of the spinal dorsal horn. Pain also occurs in other types of EDS. First, we review the underlying molecular mechanisms of pain in EDS, especially that in clEDS. In addition, the roles of TNX as a tumor suppressor protein in cancer progression have been reported. Recent in silico large-scale database analyses have shown that TNX is downregulated in various tumor tissues and that high expression of TNX in tumor cells has a good prognosis. We describe what is so far known about TNX as a tumor suppressor protein. Furthermore, some patients with clEDS show delayed wound healing. Tnxb −/− mice also exhibit impairment of epithelial wound healing in corneas. TNX is also involved in liver fibrosis. We address the molecular mechanism for the induction of COL1A1 by the expression of both a peptide derived from the fibrinogen-related domain of TNX and integrin α11.
Consistent approximate models of the global atmosphere: shallow, deep, hydrostatic, quasi‐hydrostatic and non‐hydrostatic

We study global atmosphere models that are at least as accurate as the hydrostatic primitive equations (HPEs), reviewing known results and reporting some new ones. The HPEs make spherical geopotential and shallow atmosphere approximations in addition to the hydrostatic approximation. As is well known, a consistent application of the shallow atmosphere approximation requires omission of those Coriolis terms that vary as the cosine of latitude and of certain other terms in the components of the momentum equation. An approximate model is here regarded as consistent if it formally preserves conservation principles for axial angular momentum, energy and potential vorticity, and (following R. Müller) if its momentum component equations have Lagrange's form. Within these criteria, four consistent approximate global models, including the HPEs themselves, are identified in a height‐coordinate framework. The four models, each of which includes the spherical geopotential approximation, correspond to whether the shallow atmosphere and hydrostatic (or quasi‐hydrostatic) approximations are individually made or not made. Restrictions on representing the spatial variation of apparent gravity occur. Solution methods and the situation in a pressure‐coordinate framework are discussed. © Crown copyright 2005.
Oral Hygiene Status of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Cross Section Study

Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate the oral hygiene status of children with autism in Sirte-Libya. Patients and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a total of 24 participants, examination of the status of oral hygiene by using a simplified oral hygiene index with a dental mirror, dental explorer, and portable light source. Results: moderate level of dental plaque, calculus, and the OHI-S scoring of autistic patients was 1.08. Conclusion: The main finding of the study was observed that the oral health of children participants has fair oral hygiene, therefore, attention is required to plan a comprehensive dental health care program for this group of patients.
The color constancy of the red-green color blind

The color constancy of 5 normal and 10 red-green color deficient (4 protanopes, 3 deuteranopes, 3 deuteranomalous trichromats) observers was investigated by an achromatic matching task, in which they were required to adjust the color of a central patch within a scene until it appeared as a neutral gray. The patch was presented in the middle of a CRT Mondrian display, which was initially set to CIE Illuminant C or D65 and then shifted along either the red-green cardinal axis, blue-yellow cardinal axis, or Planckian locus. Despite their significantly higher red-green discrimination thresholds, color deficient observers display color constancy similar to that of normal observers along all three axes. However, their variability is greater for settings along the red-green cardinal axis. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, S209–S213, 2001
High-fidelity simulation and reduced-order modelling of integrally-actuated membrane wings with feedback control

This work presents a numerical framework for the simulation and design of integrally actuated membrane wings with feedback control. The performance of the aeroelastic system are evaluated using a high-fidelity model. It consists in a fluid solver based on the direct numerical integration of the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations implicitly coupled with a geometrically non-linear dynamic structural model which has been calibrated using experimental data. The rate-dependent constitutive law for the dielectric elastomer considered for the integral wing actuation is based on a non-linear formulation. The framework also includes a methodology for the model reduction of the fully-coupled system. The resulting low-order description showed to retain the main system dynamics, and can therefore be used for the design of the control scheme for the wing. Results highlights the potential to achieve on-demand aerodynamics using the actuation concept proposed. In particular, it is shown that the wing aerodynamic performance is noticeably enhanced through the actuation and the disturbances on the lift in case of gusts can be reduced up to 60%.
Predictor-Based Neural Attitude Control of A Quadrotor With Disturbances

An attitude control issue is concerned for a quadrotor with external disturbances in this article. For unknown system dynamics, predictor-based neural networks (NNs) are introduced, where prediction errors, angular velocities, are constructed, instead of tracking errors, for updating NNs' weights. This replacement reduces the occurrence of high-frequency oscillations in NNs' approximation. With this improved NNs, a predictor-based NN disturbance observer is then developed for compensation for external disturbances and NNs' approximation errors, and a normalization learning technique is employed for reduction of the number of learning parameters. A predictor-based neural attitude control strategy is proposed for a quadrotor with external disturbances. Furthermore, measurement noise is taken into account in our predictor-based neural attitude control strategy. The Lyapunov-based stability analysis shows that all closed-loop signals in the designed attitude system are semiglobally bounded. A numerical simulation and a hardware-in-loop experiment as well as outdoor flight verify the effectiveness of the proposed anti-disturbance attitude control strategy.
With a little help from my friends? Acculturation and mental health in Arabic-speaking refugee youth living with their families

Introduction Refugee youth are often faced with the compounding challenges of heightened exposure to traumatic events and acculturating to a new country during a developmental period when their sense of self is still forming. This study investigated whether refugee youth’s acculturation orientation (separation, integration, marginalization, and assimilation) is associated with depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms and aimed to identify additional indicators of acculturation that may contribute to mental health. Methods A total of 101 Arabic-speaking refugee youths (aged 14–20 years), who were living with their families and attending school in Germany, took part in the study. They answered questions concerning traumatic exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, and several indicators of acculturation, including cultural orientation, positive and negative intra- and intergroup contact, language skills and friendship networks. All participants were categorized into one of four acculturation orientations using median splits. Results Kruskal–Wallis rank sum tests revealed that acculturation orientation was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms [χ2 (3, 97) = 0.519, p = 0.915] or posttraumatic stress symptoms [χ2 (3, 97) = 0.263, p = 0.967]. Regression analysis revealed that German language skills were significantly associated with lower scores of depressive symptoms (p = 0.016) and number of friends in Germany was significantly associated with lower scores of depressive (p = 0.006) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (p = 0.002), respectively. Discussion Policies that provide refugee youth with access to language classes and social activities with peers do not only enable them to actively participate in a new society but may also have a positive effect on their mental health.
APPLICATION OF GDQ METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF NATURAL CONVECTION IN HORIZONTAL ECCENTRIC ANNULI

A generalized differential-integral quadrature (GDQ) discretization technique developed by one of the authors was used to solve a natural convection problem in a body-fit coordinate system in their primitive variables form. A special treatment of the boundary conditions to satisfy the continuity and momentum equations along the boundaries with the implementation of the GDQ method was investigated. Comparisons with the experimental and numerical results of other investigators are presented and discussed. In contrast with the existing published results, this highly accurate method was able to reveal extremely weak net circulation around the inner eccentric cylinder that was not found previously by other investigators. This net circulation has its maximum value when the inclination angle of eccentricity is in the horizontal position.
Error Rates and Sample Sizes for Range Tests in Multiple Comparisons

The problem of multiple comparisons has recently aroused a great deal of interest among statisticians. The basic F-test in an analysis of variance determines whether there is a significant difference among a group of means, but it cannot tell which means differ significantly from which others. The latter is often what the investigator really wants to know. Various multiple comparisons tests, including the range tests discussed in this paper, have been proposed. A study is made here of the error rates, a and 3, and their relation to sample size, N, for three fixed range tests and three multiple range tests. Let it be required to test the significance of the range of p out of m ordered means of samples of size N, where p = 2, 3, * *, m. For the fixed range tests, the critical range for a particular Type I error rate, a, depends only on m and N; for the multiple range tests, it depends also on p. In fact, for fixed m and N, it is a non-decreasing function of p. The range of p means is said to be significant or non-significant (at the a level) according as it does or does not exceed the critical range, except that the range of p means is automatically non-significant if these p means constitute a subgroup of a larger group whose range is non-significant. Because of this exception, a multiple range test starts with a test on all m means. If the range of all me means is found to be significant, then tests are performed on the ranges of (m -1) successive means, (m -2) successive means, and so on until significant differences are no longer found.
Associations of Biopterins and ADMA with Vascular Function in Peripheral Microcirculation from Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

We hypothesized that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) display an altered plasma amino acid (AA) metabolomic profile that could contribute to abnormal vascular maintenance of peripheral circulation in uremia. The relationships between plasma AAs and endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function in the microcirculation of CKD patients are not well understood. The objective of this study is to investigate to what extent the levels of AAs and its metabolites are changed in CKD patients and to test their relationship with endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function. Patients with CKD stages 3 and 5 and non-CKD controls are included in this study. We report that there was a significant reduction of the biopterin (BH4/BH2) ratio, which was accompanied by increased plasma levels of BH2, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and citrulline in patients with CKD-5 vs. CKD-3 vs. controls. In vivo augmentation index measurement showed a positive association with ADMA in all participants. The contribution of nitric oxide, assessed by ex vivo assay, showed a negative association with creatinine, ADMA and citrulline in all participants. In CKD-5, BH4 negatively correlated with ADMA and ornithine levels, and the ex vivo endothelium-mediated dilatation positively correlated with phenylalanine levels. In conclusion, uremia is associated with alterations in AA metabolism that may affect endothelium-dependent dilatation and vascular stiffness in microcirculation. Interventional strategies aiming to normalize the AA metabolism could be of interest as treatment options.
Current Guidelines for Diagnosing PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women. Much of the confusion surrounding PCOS diagnosis stems from the broad heterogeneity of symptomology experienced by women with PCOS. The diverse features of the syndrome have led to a number of diagnostic criteria over the years. This manuscript describes each of the current composite criteria and individually breaks down each component. The importance of accurate diagnosis for both clinical care and research is emphasized.
Parabolic Rational Maps

The paper studies the dynamics of rational maps with indifferent parabolic points by comparing their dynamical properties with those of their ‘jump transformation’ which is uniformly expanding on a non‐compact set with infinite Markov partition. It establishes the spectral properties of a two‐variables operator‐valued function associated to the jump transformation and exploits their dynamical relevance to allow the analytic properties of the pressure, the escape rate from a neighbourhood of the Julia set and the asymptotic distribution of pre‐images to be studied.
Toward an optical cochlear implant

Cochlear Implants (CIs) are considered one of the most successful neural prostheses. Today, more than 500,000 severely-to-profoundly deaf individuals have received a CI to restore some of their hearing. However, the performance of individual users varies largely. While some patients experience a notable improvement in functional hearing, others receive little benefit from CIs. Some situations, such as noisy listening environments, tonal languages, and music perception, remain challenging for all users. Reducing interaction between neighboring CI electrode contacts and more independent stimulation channels can improve CI performance. While reducing the interaction of adjacent channels during electrical stimulation is challenging, neural stimulation with light might be a novel approach to address the problem since it can evoke responses from small populations of neurons. Optical radiation can be delivered more selectively to groups of target neurons. It is anticipated that neural prostheses with enhanced neural fidelity can be developed by using optical stimulation. Two methods for optical stimulation are currently under investigation, optogenetics and Infrared Neural Stimulation (INS). With the presentation, the efforts and advances leading to a novel cochlear implant incorporating electrical and optical stimulation are shown and discussed, including designing parameter considerations, device development, and testing prototypes.