Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Practices and Barriers of Water Use Efficiency in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

The fast rate of population growth and increased urbanisation has exacerbated the domestic water supply problem in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja; Nigeria. This study examines water use efficiency practices and the barriers inhibiting it among residents of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria using appropriated standard techniques. Data obtained shows that about 70% of respondents say they turn off the public tap whenever they see water dripping from them unattended, more than 50% admit to being agents advocating water use efficiency in their communities and more than 40% consider water-saving appliances when they make purchases of domestic appliances. The inhibitors to water- use efficiency in the study area, include a poor grasp of sustainability principles and cultural beliefs that promotes the idea of inexhaustible water resources; lifestyles that do not promote water use efficiency; and the inclination to only use water efficiently when it in short supply or when the price of water rises. Residents of the Federal Capital Territory should be made to understand their roles in efficient use of water and embrace sustainable water use.
Breaking the symmetries of the bulb model in two-dimensional self-induced supernova neutrino flavor conversions

Self-induced ﬂavor conversions of supernova (SN) neutrinos have been characterized in the spherically symmetric “bulb” model, reducing the neutrino evolution to a one dimensional problem along a radial direction. We lift this assumption, presenting a two-dimensional model where neutrinos are launched from a spherical neutrino-sphere with many zenithal angles and two azimuthal angles. We also assume that self-induced conversions are not suppressed by large matter eﬀects. In this situation we ﬁnd that self-interacting neutrinos spontaneously break axial and spherical symmetries. As a result the ﬂavor content and the lepton number of the neutrino gas would acquire seizable direction-dependent variations, breaking the coherent behavior found in the spherically symmetric case. This ﬁnding would suggest that the previous results of the self-induced ﬂavor evolution obtained in one-dimensional models should be critically re-examined.
Finite element analysis of elastohydrodynamic lubrication in an artificial hip joint under squeeze film motion using fluid–structure interaction method

Classical approach for elastohydrodynamic lubrication problems contains solution of Reynolds and elasticity equations simultaneously, where elasticity equation was derived based on semi-infinite solid assumption. Fluid–structure interaction method which uses finite element formulation is another alternative approach for elastohydrodynamic lubrication problems. Present study contains two sections: first finite element method was used to evaluate accuracy of semi-infinite assumption for deformation in an artificial joint cup for a verity of material and geometrical properties. Then fluid–structure interaction method was used to simulate an artificial hip joint lubrication under squeeze film motion and efficiency and accuracy of this method was speculated by comparing the results to a previously done work. In the first section, deformation of a cup under Hertzian contact was calculated by finite element software ADINA. Various combinations of cup thickness, material properties, and dimensions of contact ellipse were modeled and results compared to the answer of semi-infinite assumption and column method for the same problem. Then a ball-in socket configuration for an artificial hip joint was modeled by an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene cup and a Stainless Steel ball in the same software. Fluid film pressure and thickness were extracted from the results and compared to a previous study. Results for deformation of cup show that semi-infinite assumption and column method do not lead to acceptable accuracy for geometrical conditions of artificial hip joint. For fluid–structure interaction analysis of squeeze film motion, at first time steps, pressure distribution shows differences with the previous work, but at last time steps, fluid film pressure matches the previous study. For all time steps, film thickness of fluid–structure interaction method is higher than what was reported by previous work. The main reason is that no mesh independency check was performed for previous work, while for this study mesh independency of answers was analyzed by creating two other models.
Blow-up in Nonlinear Heat Equations with Supercritical Power Nonlinearity

Dedicated to Prof. Ha¨im Brezis on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday Abstract. In this article we study blow-up of solutions of the nonlinear heat equation ut = ¢u + juj pi1 u. We focus on the phenomena that are character- istic to the supercritical range p > p S := N+2 Ni2 ; N ‚ 3, where N is the space dimension. We assume radial symmetry of solutions. What we present here is for the most part an overview of the author's recent joint work with Frank Merle (30) on supercritical blow-up and the author's recent paper (28) on the new application of the braid group theory to blow-up problems. Among other things we discuss (a) classification of blow-up profiles; (b) nonexistence of a --function type singularity; (c) continuation beyond the blow-up time; (d) determining type II blow-up rates via the braid group theory.
Evidence for parallel development of ever-growing molars in Early Pleistocene rodents from southern Spain and their paleoenvironmental implications

Agustí, J. and Piñero, P. 2023. Evidence for parallel development of ever-growing molars in Early Pleistocene rodents from southern Spain and their paleoenvironmental implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68 (2): 379–391. In this paper, we present a detailed survey on the rodent fauna from the site of Barranco de los Conejos (Guadix-Baza Basin, southern Spain). Its rodent fauna is composed of three arvicolines ( Orcemys giberti , Manchenomys oswaldoreigi , and Tibericola vandermeuleni ) and two murids ( Castillomys rivas and Apodemus atavus ). The three arvicoline species present ever-growing molars. Orcemys giberti and Manchenomys oswaldoreigi can be considered as descendants of local Mimomys species ( Mimomys medasensis and Mimomys tornensis , respectively), while Tibericola vandermeuleni is an eastern inmigrant. Loosening of roots in Orcemys giberti and Manchenomys oswaldoreigi is explained as an adaptation to a fossorial way of life, in relation to the Early Pleistocene glacial–interglacial dynamics, which led to cooler and drier conditions. This environmental change would also explain the dispersal of Tibericola from the eastern Mediterranean.
Case study of a morning convective rainfall event over southwestern Taiwan in the Mei-Yu season under weak synoptic conditions

There exists a minor, secondary early­morning peak in mei­yu rainfall along the western coast of Taiwan, and this work investigates one such event on June 8, 2012 in southwestern Taiwan under weak synoptic conditions through both observational analysis and numerical modeling, with the main focus on the triggering mechanism of the convection. Observations indicate that the convection developed offshore around midnight near the leading edge of a moderate low­level southwesterly wind surge of 15 – 20 kts and intensified and moved onshore to pro­ duce rainfall. The cold outflow from precipitation also led to new cell development at the backside, and the rain thus lasted for several hours until approximately 07:00 LST. Numerical simulation using a cloud­resolving model at a grid size of 0.5 km successfully reproduced the event development in close agreement with the observations, once a time delay in the arrival of the southwesterly wind surge in initial/boundary conditions (from global analyses) was corrected. Aided by two sensitivity tests, the mod­ el results indicate that the convection breaks out between two advancing boundaries, one from the onshore surge of the prevailing southwesterly wind and the other from the offshore land/mountain breeze, when they move approximately 40 km apart. Additionally, both boundaries are required, as either one alone does not provide suf­ ficient forcing to initiate deep convection in the model. These findings on the initiation of offshore convection in the mei­yu season, notably, are qualitatively similar to some cases in Florida with two approaching sea­breeze fronts (in daytime over land).
Large-Scale Demographic Inference of Social Media Users in a Low-Resource Scenario

Characterizing the demographics of social media users enables a diversity of applications, from better targeting of policy interventions to the derivation of representative population estimates of social phenomena. Achieving high performance with supervised learning, however, can be challenging as labeled data is often scarce. Alternatively, rule-based matching strategies provide well-grounded information but only offer partial coverage over users. It is unclear, therefore, what features and models are best suited to maximize coverage over a large set of users while maintaining high performance. In this paper, we develop a cost-effective strategy for large-scale demographic inference by relying on minimal labeling efforts. We combine a name-matching strategy with graph-based methods to map the demographics of 1.8 million Nigerian Twitter users. Specifically, we compare a purely graph-based propagation model, namely Label Propagation (LP), with Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN), a graph model that also incorporates node features based on user content. We find that both models largely outperform supervised learning approaches based purely on user content that lack graph information. Notably, we find that LP achieves comparable performance to the state-of-the-art GCN while providing greater interpretability at a lower computing cost. Moreover, performance does not significantly improve with the addition of user-specific features, such as textual representations of user tweets and user geolocation. Leveraging our data collection effort, we describe the demographic composition of Nigerian Twitter finding that it is a highly non-uniform sample of the general Nigerian population.
How do Portuguese young adults engage and use m-apps in daily life? An online questionnaire survey

The rise of the mobile era has brought ubiquity in media access, constant connection to other people and interconnectedness with devices as part of life. Considering mobile devices and mobile applications (m-apps) as an environment that allows multitasking, this article is interested in understanding the performance of popular m-apps in the daily lives of young adults in Portugal. It is also focused on how these apps relate to their personal contexts and experiences. To this end, an online questionnaire survey was conducted using a quantitative-extensive methodological strategy. The research involved applying a set of data collection questions to a representative sample of Portuguese young adults (N = 1500) aged 18-30. The results show that more than 90% of Portuguese young adults use m-apps every day, emphasising social media applications (daily use between 81,32% and 91,21%). It is also important to note that the use of m-apps dialogues with their personal contexts is substantially different from the perceived relevance of apps. Social and entertainment apps are more consumed and show an extension of the self that is not perceived to be as important as apps with social uses.
UNDERGRADUATE PRE-SERVICE EFL TEACHERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT LEARNER AUTONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN EFL LEARNING

Năng lực tự chủ của người học đóng vai trò cực kỳ quan trọng trong việc hỗ trợ người học thụ đắc ngôn ngữ. Hiểu biết về niềm tin của giáo viên và giáo sinh chuyên ngành ngôn ngữ về sự tự chủ của người học là cần thiết. Do đó, nghiên cứu này nhằm tìm hiểu niềm tin của các giáo sinh chuyên ngành giảng dạy tiếng Anh về phát triển năng lực tự chủ của người học trong việc học tiếng Anh. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại trường Đại học Công nghệ TP.HCM với sự tham gia của 84 giáo sinh. Dữ liệu định lượng và định tính được thu thập qua bảng câu hỏi và phỏng vấn; dữ liệu được phân tích thông qua việc sử dụng “thống kê mô tả” và “phân tích nội dung”. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy ngoại trừ niềm tin ở mức trung lập về một số khía cạnh liên quan đến bản chất tính tự chủ của người học và những thách thức trong quá trình phát triển sự tự chủ của người học, các giáo sinh có niềm tin tích cực rằng giáo viên tiếng Anh có các vai trò và trách nhiệm khác nhau trong việc phát triển năng lực tự chủ cho người học. Họ tin rằng để thúc đẩy sự tự chủ của người học, giáo viên phải sử dụng các chiến lược khác nhau. Đặc biệt, nghiên cứu cũng chỉ ra các giáo sinh có niềm tin rằng “sự tham gia của người học tiếng Anh như một ngoại ngữ vào việc ra quyết định và khả năng phát triển năng lực tự chủ trong học tập là điều hoàn toàn cần thiết và khả thi”. Dựa trên những phát hiện này, các khuyến nghị sư phạm được đưa ra cho cả giảng viên đào tạo giáo viên và giáo sinh chuyên ngành tiếng Anh trong việc phát triển năng lực tự chủ của người học tiếng Anh.
Toxic Triads: Supervisor Characteristics, Subordinate Self-Esteem, and Supervisor Stressors in Relation to Perceptions of Abusive Supervision

ABSTRACT Extant research on abusive supervision recognizes that attributes of the supervisor, subordinate, and situation contribute to abuse. However, little research has examined the interplay of all three factors in predicting abusive supervision. Thus, we first take an actor-focused perspective and identify supervisor trait anger and moral justification as “hot” and “cold” personality traits that encompass a preparedness to aggress and serve as antecedents of subordinates’ perceptions of abusive supervision. Then, we integrate trait activation theory to examine both subordinates’ self-esteem and supervisors’ job stressors as trait-relevant moderators. We predict two-way and three-way interactions for both supervisor trait anger and moral justification. Using a multisource, field study, we found general support for the hypothesized effects. We discuss the implications of our findings for research and practice.
THE BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS IN THE ENGLISH SUBJECT: A RASCH MEASUREMENT MODEL

A matter of great interest to researchers in the field of education today is how to improve students' well-being, engagement, or learning achievement in tertiary level contexts. Some scholars suggest to start from the assessment of students' satisfaction upon their basic psychological needs. However, recently, the number of validated tools to assess the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs is still rare. This study measured the validity and reliability of an adapted basic psychological needs theory used in foreign language learning. There were two developed questionnaires to identify basic psychological needs which covers a different number of indicators. The study presented empirical evidence of validity and reliability using the Rasch Model. This pilot study was conducted in two different universities and cities, Indonesia. There were 34 students as a participant in this study. Data were analyzed using WINSTEPS version 3.69. 1.11. Results show that the instrument that can measure BPN in the context of English courses at the tertiary level is feasible to use in measuring BPN. The researchers only got one invalid item from the "relatedness" indicator.
Assessment of Associated Risk Factors with the Incidence Rate of Abortion Cases among Women at Maternity and Pediatric Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah City

Objective(s): To find out the incidence Rate of abortions in pregnant women Admitted Maternal and pediatric Hospitals at Al-Diwaniyah City and to identify the relationship between the incidence rate of abortion and the associated risk factors that led to the occurrence of abortion. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted to identify the Incidence Rate of Abortions and its Associated Factors among Women at AL-Diwaniyah City’s Maternity and pediatric Hospital from 16 September 2020 to 16 March 2021 . The sample study includes (100) pregnant women with abortion out of (3800) pregnant women. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire through a personal interview, the panel of experts determines the validity of the questionnaires, and the reliability of the questionnaire is very high in terms of stability and internal consistency. The information was collected from 25 November 2020 to 25 February 2021 . The data was analyzed through the use of a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version. Descriptive statistical measures were used and inferred Results: The results of the study indicate that the incidence rate of abortion in pregnant women in this study was (0.38%). Effect risk factors that may led to abortion, that were (obesity (70%), family history of abortion (65%), incompetence cervix (62% , drinking caffeine (79% , fever (86%),) . urinary tract infection (90%), nervous and emotional (73%), anxiety (71%) and insomnia and sadness (70%) . The results showed that the relationship was statistically significant between miscarriage and the factors related to the occurrence of miscarriage. Recommendations: Focusing on raising awareness of the prevention of abortion among women in the health centers by educate pregnant women about Preventive measures from abortion specially educate them about urinary tract infection and its possible impact on the occurrence of miscarriage, also educate them about the psychological factors associated with abortion occurrence which should be avoid during pregnancy.
Nucleon Momentum Distributions and Elastic Electron Scattering form Factors for 22Ne, 26Mg and 30Si Nuclei

The nucleon momentum distributions ( NMD ) for the ground state and elastic electron scattering form factors have been calculated in the framework of the coherent fluctuation model and expressed in terms of the weight function (fluctuation function). The weight function has been related to the nucleon density distributions of nuclei and determined from theory and experiment. The nucleon density distributions( NDD ) is derived from a simple method based on the use of the single particle wave functions of the harmonic oscillator potential and the occupation numbers of the states. The feature of long-tail behavior at high momentum region of the NMD has been obtained using both the theoretical and experimental weight functions. The observed electron scattering form factors for Mg Ne 26 22 , and Si 30 nuclei are in reasonable agreement with the present calculations throughout all values of momentum transfer . q
Profitability Analysis of Smoked Fish Marketing in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria

: This paper assessed the profitability of smoked fish marketing in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) respondents using a well-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, benefit-cost ratio and production function using an ordinary least square method were employed to analyse the field survey data. The results showed that on average, majority of the marketers were around 40 years of age. Many (90.0%) of the traders were female household heads with 14 years of marketing experience. The result revealed that 80% of the respondents were educated with a mean household size of 9 persons. The total cost and revenue were ₦64,808.0 and ₦125,000.0 per month, respectively, while the gross margin and net income for the sales of 50kg of smoked fish were ₦63,641.97 and ₦60,191.97, respectively per month. The profitability of selling smoked fish was positively and significantly impacted by household size, fish marketing experience and educational status of respondents who attained secondary school education at the 1% level. The study also found that gender, age of the respondent, cost of transportation and miscellaneous operating cost of smoked fish marketing had a negative influence on their net margin. Based on these findings, it is recommended that policies that will increase the level of education and participation of young people in fish trading should be encouraged and factored into policies related to fish production and marketing.
A unified view of tropical cyclogenesis and intensification

Idealized high‐resolution numerical simulations of tropical cyclogenesis are presented in a model that represents deep convection by a warm rain process only. Starting with an initially weak, cloud‐free, axisymmetric warm‐cored vortex (maximum wind speed 5 m s−1 at a radius of 100 km), rapid vortex intensification begins after a gestation period on the order of 2 days. From a three‐dimensional perspective, the genesis process is similar to that in the rotating convection paradigm for vortex intensification starting with a much stronger initial vortex (Vmax = 15 m s−1). The patterns of deep convection and convectively amplified cyclonic relative vorticity are far from axisymmetric during the genesis period. Moreover, the organization of the cyclonic relative vorticity into a monopole structure occurs at relatively low wind speeds, before the maximum local wind speed has increased appreciably. Barotropic processes are shown to play an important role in helping to consolidate a single‐signed vorticity monopole within a few hours near the intensification begin time.
Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioural Control and Digital Ṣukūk Adoption in Nigeria: The Mediating Effect of Awareness

Purpose ‒ There is an increasing number of digital ṣukūk issuances worldwide but the level of awareness and adoption in Nigeria is very low. This research examines the mediating effect of awareness on the relationship between attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and digital ṣukūk adoption in Nigeria. Design/Methodology/Approach ‒ The data for the research were collected from 750 questionnaires that were distributed using the systematic sampling technique to operators of the capital market and individuals in Nigeria, out of which 410 were retained. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS–SEM) algorithm was used for the reliability measurement and constructs validity while the bootstrapping technique was used for testing the study hypotheses. Findings ‒ The findings reveal that awareness mediated the relationship that exists between subjective norm, attitude, perceived behavioural control, and digital ṣukūk adoption in Nigeria. Overall, the empirical findings rejected seven out of 10 null hypotheses developed to answer the research questions. Originality/Value ‒ The study serves as a pioneering effort towards unlocking the viability of digital ṣukūk adoption amongst the Nigerian populace. Research Limitations/Implications ‒ The findings provide empirical evidence that awareness mediated the interrelationship between the explanatory variables (subjective norm, attitude and perceived behavioural control) towards digital ṣukūk adoption in Nigeria. Practical Implications ‒ The findings suggest the need for the Debt Management Office (DMO) in partnership with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to facilitate the required regulation and standard pertaining to digital ṣukūk issuances and structures. Article Classification ‒ Research paper