Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Challenging Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease in Children—One Case Report and Literature Review

Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) includes a heterogeneous spectrum of rare respiratory disorders in children associated with substantial morbi-mortality. Interstitial tissue, and other pulmonary structures, epithelium, blood vessels, or pleura are involved, resulting in a restrictive lung disfunction. Respiratory symptoms set in progressively and are often subtle, making thorough clinical history and physical examination fundamental. The etiology often is obscure. The clinical presentation mimics pneumonia or asthma, leading to a diagnostic delay. Challenging diagnosis may require genetic tests, bronchoalveolar lavage, or lung biopsy. Alongside general supportive therapeutic measures, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive or antifibrotic agents may be used, based on data derived from adult studies. However, if accurate diagnosis and treatment are delayed, irreversible chronic respiratory failure may ensue, impacting prognosis. The most frequent chILD is hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), although it is rare in children. HP is associated with exposure to an environmental antigen, resulting in inflammation of the airways. Detailed antigen exposure history and identification of the inciting trigger are the cornerstones of diagnostic. This article provides the current state of chILD, revealing specific features of HP, based on a clinical case report of a patient admitted in our clinic, requiring extensive investigations for diagnosis, with a favorable long-term outcome.
SYNTHETIC OBSERVATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN PROTOSTELLAR CORES

The role of magnetic fields in the early stages of star formation is not well constrained. In order to discriminate between different star formation models, we analyze 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of low-mass cores and explore the correlation between magnetic field orientation and outflow orientation over time. We produce synthetic observations of dust polarization at resolutions comparable to millimeter-wave dust polarization maps observed by the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy and compare these with 2D visualizations of projected magnetic field and column density. Cumulative distribution functions of the projected angle between the magnetic field and outflow show different degrees of alignment in simulations with differing mass-to-flux ratios. The distribution function for the less magnetized core agrees with observations finding random alignment between outflow and field orientations, while the more magnetized core exhibits stronger alignment. We find that fractional polarization increases when the system is viewed such that the magnetic field is close to the plane of the sky, and the values of fractional polarization are consistent with observational measurements. The simulation outflow, which reflects the underlying angular momentum of the accreted gas, changes direction significantly over over the first ∼0.1 Myr of evolution. This movement could lead to the observed random alignment between outflows and the magnetic fields in protostellar cores.
Frequency‐Correlation Functions of Frequency Responses in Rooms

A mathematical study of the random interference of sound waves in large rooms requires statistical methods. “Statistical wave acoustics” is based on the random interference of many simultaneously excited normal modes of a room. In general, the random interference takes place for frequencies above 2000 (T60/V)12, where T60 is the reverberation time (in sec) and V is the volume (in m3) of the room. In the statistical theory, frequency responses between two points in a room are treated as random functions. The probability distributions, correlation functions, and “spectra” of these random functions are determined by physical parameters such as the distance between source and receiver, the volume and reverberation time of the room (or distribution of reverberation times), etc.In this paper, correlation functions of frequency responses are derived for rooms with uniform reverberation time, and negligible direct sound transmission between source and receiver. Analytic formulas for the following frequency correl.
Cosmological Implications of the MAXIMA-1 High-Resolution Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Measurement

We discuss the cosmological implications of the new constraints on the power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy derived from a new high-resolution analysis of the MAXIMA-1 measurement. The power spectrum indicates excess power at l ~ 860 over the average level of power at 411 ≤ l ≤ 785. This excess is statistically significant at the ~95% confidence level. Its position coincides with that of the third acoustic peak, as predicted by generic inflationary models selected to fit the first acoustic peak as observed in the data. The height of the excess power agrees with the predictions of a family of inflationary models with cosmological parameters that are fixed to fit the CMB data previously provided by BOOMERANG-LDB and MAXIMA-1 experiments. Our results therefore lend support for inflationary models and more generally for the dominance of adiabatic coherent perturbations in the structure formation of the universe. At the same time, they seem to disfavor a large variety of the nonstandard (but inflation-based) models that have been proposed to improve the quality of fits to the CMB data and the consistency with other cosmological observables. Within standard inflationary models, our results combined with the COBE/Differential Microwave Radiometer data give best-fit values and 95% confidence limits for the baryon density, Ωbh2 ≃ 0.033 ± 0.013, and the total density, Ω = 0.9. The primordial spectrum slope (ns) and the optical depth to the last scattering surface (τc) are found to be degenerate and to obey the relation ns ≃ (0.99 ± 0.14) + 0. 46τc, for τc ≤ 0.5 (all at 95% confidence levels).
Stapler Pharyngeal Repair Versus Conventional Suturing After Laryngectomy in Jordanian Laryngeal Cancer Patients

Background: The use of staplers in surgical repair of the pharynx after laryngectomy has gained traction in recent years, with differing results. Objective: In this study, we compare the use of stapler suturing (SS) after laryngectomy in comparison with the manual suturing (MS) technique in laryngeal cancer patients regarding pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) formation, operative time, blood loss, margin status, and length of hospital stay. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of laryngeal cancer patients undergoing pharyngeal repair after total laryngectomy by either a stapler or manual suturing. Demographic data, stage of disease, postoperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and operative time were collected. Results: A total of 59 laryngeal cancer patients were included, of which 22 underwent SS and 37 had MS. Our cohort was predominantly males (98%), and similar mean ages were observed across both suturing groups (60.5 vs 59.9, P = 0.83). Negative margins were more frequent with SS (100% vs 86.5%, P = 0.13) yet this difference was not statistically significant, whereas preoperative tracheostomy procedure was present more in MS patients (43.2% vs 0, P = 0.003). Lymph node involvement was higher in the manual suturing cohort, yet this difference was statistically insignificant (41.2% vs 25%, P = 0.49). The muscle flap procedure was significantly higher in the MS cohort (70.3% vs 20%, P = 0.001). In both groups, comparable PCF rates were noted (13.3% vs 10.8%) and there was no association between salvage laryngectomy and PCF occurrence in the entire cohort. For surgery details, there was no statistical difference between both groups in blood loss, hospitalization length, or oral feeding start. Only surgical time was significantly lower in the stapler cohort (277 vs 372.6 minutes, P = 0.000). Conclusion: Both suturing techniques did not show any statistically significant difference in PCF rates. However, was markedly reduced with stapler use in comparison to manual suturing. Further randomized studies with larger sample size are needed to validate the role of stapler suturing for pharyngeal repair.
Persian Version and Validating Short Form of Berg Balance Scale and its Cut-Off Points among Iranian Older Adults

Objectives : Aging has always been difficult in terms of dynamic and static balance, which can lead to fear of falling and falling. In the current psychometric study, it was measured using a short and valid BBS 9-item scale for the Iranian older population. Methods : The current psychometric work describes the validation and translation of the BBS (9 items) in January 2022 among 9117 Persian-speaking elderly people with an average age of 70.2 ± 8.3 (54.1 percent female and 45.9 percent male). CFA, EFA, internal consistency, and construct validity were investigated, as well as test-retest reliability, ROC analysis, inter-rater, and convergent validity. Results : About 72.4 percent of the subjects lived alone, 92.9 percent needed ADL help, and 93 percent had fallen in the previous two years. For BBS, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) assigned one and two-factor solutions. In contrast, the CFA demonstrated the one-factor model with valid fit indices. Internal consistency was confirmed using ICC and McDonald's Omega (≥ 0.75). The ROC analysis represented the exact cut-off value for male/female and with/without fear of falling among older samples with higher measures of specificity and sensitivity. Furthermore, ANOVA revealed a significant effect of age, AiP, loneliness, hospitalization rate, frailty, and sense of anxiety on fear of falls (effect size ≥ 0.15, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions : The Persian version of the BBS-9-items, a psychometrically sound self-reported measure of fear of falling, retained the original's satisfactory psychometric properties. It has the potential to be used in both community-based and clinical settings. The scale's potential applications and limitations were also discussed.
Innovation of Islamic Religious Education in Forming the Character of State Defense in the Junior High School of Jakarta

The emergence of the National Defense character education curriculum which is always integrated into every subject certainly cannot be separated from various problems. The government's concern for the character of the younger generation, which has indicated mental decline, is the main factor in implementing this curriculum. The sense of nationalism of the younger generation which is increasingly declining is in the main spotlight. The feeling of nationalism which has recently faded has become one of the impacts of the decline in character education for the younger generation to defend the State. The current trend is that the younger generation does not understand the difficulty of seizing independence from the colonialists. One of the essence of human beings as a nation and state is to love their own nation and country, because as a good citizen, they should not have any reason not to love their nation. The Indonesian people have local wisdom and rich distinctive values so that they can be used to live as a nation and state. The method used in this research is to use research and development methods. The purpose of this research is to raise the attitude of defending the country by filling it through positive activities which are almost faded and lost among teenagers.
Spectral weights, d -wave pairing amplitudes, and particle-hole tunneling asymmetry of a strongly correlated superconductor

The spectral weights (SW's) for adding and removing an electron of the Gutzwiller projected $d$-wave superconducting (SC) state of the $t\text{\ensuremath{-}}J$-type models are studied numerically on finite lattices. We restrict the study to the uniform system but exactly treat the strong correlation between electrons, we show that the product of weights is equal to the pairing amplitude squared, the same as in the weakly coupled case. In addition, we derive a rigorous relation of SW with doping in the electron doped system and obtain particle-hole asymmetry of the conductance-proportional quantity within the SC gap energy and, also, the anticorrelation between gap sizes and peak heights observed in tunneling spectroscopy on high ${T}_{c}$ cuprates.
Strain-induced pressure effect in pulsed laser deposited thin films of the strongly correlated oxide V 2 O 3

V2O3 thin films about 10 nm thick were grown on Al2O3 (0001) by pulsed laser deposition. The XRD analysis is in agreement with R-3c space group. Some of them exhibit the metal / insulator transition characteristic of V2O3 bulk material and others samples exhibit a metallic behavior. For the latter, the XPS analysis indicates an oxidation state of +III for vanadium. There is no metal / insulator transition around 150 K in this sample and a strongly correlated Fermi liquid rho = AT2 behavior of the resistivity at low temperature is observed, with a value of A of 1.2 10-4 ohm cm, 3 times larger than the bulk value at 25 kbar.
Mini‐sternotomy versus full sternotomy for isolated aortic valve replacement: A single‐center experience

Minimally invasive approaches to isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) are well‐described and widely utilized. While there are numerous proposed benefits, there is limited literature describing significant morbidity or mortality benefits for minimally invasive isolated AVR resulting in hesitancy in its universal adoption. In this retrospective study, we compare the 5‐year outcomes of patients undergoing isolated AVR via full sternotomy (FS) or mini‐sternotomy (MS).
Velocity Dispersion, Mass, and the Luminosity Function of the Fossil Cluster RX J1416.4+2315

We study the properties of the fossil cluster RX J1416.4+2315 through g′- and i′-band imaging and spectroscopy of 25 member galaxies. The system is at a mean redshift of 0.137 and has a velocity dispersion of 584 km s-1. Superposed onto one quadrant of the cluster field is a group of five galaxies at a mean redshift of 0.131, which, if included as part of the cluster, increases the velocity dispersion to 846 km s-1. The central object of RX J1416.4+2315 is a normal elliptical galaxy with no cD envelope. The luminosity function of the system, estimated by the number counts and statistical background correction in the range -22.6 < M < -16.6, is well fitted by a Schechter function with M = -21.2 ± 0.8 and α = -1.2 ± 0.2 (H0 = 70 km s-1 Mpc-1, ΩM = 0.3, ΩΛ = 0.7). The luminosity function obtained from the spectroscopically confirmed members in both the g′ and i′ bands agrees with the photometric results. The mass of the system, M ∼ 1.9 × 1014 h M⊙, its M/L of 445 h70 M⊙ L, and LX of 11 × 1043 h ergs s-1 (bolometric) suggest that this system is the second example of a known fossil cluster, after RX J1552.2+2013, confirmed in the literature.
Nonradial oscillations of quark stars

Department of Physics, Waseda University, Okubo 3-4-1, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan(Dated: February 7, 2008)Recently, it has been reported that a candidate for a quark star may have been observed. In thisarticle, we pay attention to quark stars with radiation radii in the reported range. We calculatenonradial oscillations of f-, w- and w
Darboux transformation in black hole perturbation theory

The Darboux transformation between ordinary differential equations is a 19th century technique that has seen wide use in quantum theory for producing exactly solvable potentials for the Schrodinger equation with specific spectral properties. In this paper we show that the same transformation appears in black hole theory, relating, for instance, the Zerilli and Regge-Wheeler equations for axial and polar Schwarzschild perturbations. The transformation reveals these two equations to be isospectral, a well known result whose method has been repeatedly reintroduced under different names. We highlight the key role that the so-called algebraically special solutions play in the black hole Darboux theory and show that a similar relation exists between the Chandrasekhar-Detweiler equations for Kerr perturbations. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the method when dealing with long-range potentials and explore the possibilities offered by a generalised Darboux transformation.
Tirbanibulin for Actinic Keratosis: Insights into the Mechanism of Action

Abstract Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common pre-neoplastic skin lesion constituted by uncontrolled proliferation of atypical keratinocytes that may evolve to squamous cell carcinoma. With global prevalence increasing, AK is expected to be the most common carcinoma of the skin. Tirbanibulin is a reversible tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potent anti-proliferative and anti-tumoral effects. In-vivo and in-vitro studies have shown that tirbanibulin significantly inhibits cell proliferation, tumor growth and downregulates Src signaling with no overt toxicity. Early phase and Phase III trials have shown high lesion clearance, compliance, and few side effects of once daily tirbanibulin treatment. This review discusses tirbanibulin anti-cancer activity, focusing on tubulin polymerization and Src signaling inhibitory effects, highlighting relevant literature and novel preclinical results from the ATNXUS-KX01-001 study. Furthermore, we address the relevant findings obtained in recent clinical trials to evaluate the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, clearance efficacy, and side effects of the 1% tirbanibulin ointment applied once daily. In summary, we highlight preclinical and clinical evidence on the use of tirbanibulin as an effective and safe treatment option for AK.
Assessment of psychological stress among family care takers of cancer subjects in India- A cross-sectional study

Introduction and Aim: A rapid increase in cancer rate is one of major concerns in India. It is a well-known fact that family caretakers play an essential part in aiding cancer subjects who are in critical stage. But the psychological strain and economic impact on caretakers are not widely known. The present cross-sectional study assesses the relationship between various factors and higher burden among family caretakers of cancer subjects. Materials and Methods: One hundred and ninety family caretakers of cancer patients who met inclusion criteria were recruited for study. A proforma was collected regarding the age, gender, social and economic status according to Modified Kuppuswamy Scale 2019, the type of family or the caregiver and their relation to the patient. Results: Monthly income had an inter quartile range of Rs.10,000-25,000 with the median being Rs.14,000. Higher number of males participated (58.4%) as compared to the females (41.6%). Moderate to severe stress (53.3%), and severe stress (6.7%) was maximum in class 5 of the socio-economic classification. Lower income was found to be related to higher burden scores. Conclusion: Present study showed that the burden was more among class 5 of the Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic classification. The findings suggest that education levels, occupation and monthly income are the major contribution for the burden among the caregivers.
The complete chloroplast genome of Primula odontocalyx, a heterostylous species

Abstract Primula odontocalyx (Franch.) Pax (1905) is a perennial herb of the genus Primula in Primulaceae with heterostyly and ornamental value. Here, the chloroplast genome of P. odontocalyx was sequenced, assembled, and annotated. The complete chloroplast genome was a closed-circular molecule of 151,738 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 83,817 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 17,529 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,196 bp. A total of 115 unique genes were annotated in the whole cp genome, including 81 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the close relationship between P. odontocalyx and Primula moupinensis, and both species belong to Sect. Petiolares Pax.
Low-mass X-ray binaries: the effects of the magnetic braking prescription

We present a population study of low- and intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) with neutron star accretors, performed using the detailed 1D stellar evolution code MESA. We identify all plausible Roche-lobe overflowing binaries at the start of mass transfer, and compare our theoretical mass transfer tracks to the population of well-studied Milky Way LMXBs. The mass transferring evolution depends on the accepted magnetic braking (MB) law for angular momentum loss. The most common MB prescription ("Skumanich MB") originated from observations of the time-dependence of rotational braking of Sun-type stars, where the angular momentum loss rate depends on the donor mass $M_d$, donor radius $R_d$, and rotation rate $\Omega$, $\dot{J} \propto M_d R_d^{\gamma} \Omega^3$. The functional form of the Skumanich MB can be also obtained theoretically assuming a radial magnetic field, isotropic isothermal winds, and boosting of the magnetic field by rotation. Here we show that this simple form of the Skumanich MB law gives mass transfer rates an order of magnitude too weak to explain most observed persistent LMXBs. This failure suggests that the standard Skumanich MB law should not be employed to interpret Galactic, or extragalactic, LMXB populations, with either detailed stellar codes or rapid binary population synthesis codes. We investigate modifications for the MB law, and find that including a scaling of the magnetic field strength with the convective turnover time, and a scaling of MB with the wind mass loss rate, can reproduce persistent LMXBs, and does a better job at reproducing transient LMXBs.
Kolmogorov‐like spectra in decaying three‐dimensional supersonic flows

A numerical simulation of decaying supersonic turbulence using the piecewise parabolic method (PPM) algorithm on a computational mesh of 5123 zones indicates that, once the solenoidal part of the velocity field, representing vortical motions, is fully developed and has reached a self‐similar regime, a velocity spectrum compatible with that predicted by the classical theory of Kolmogorov develops. It is followed by a domain with a shallower spectrum. A convergence study is presented to support these assertions. The formation, structure, and evolution of slip surfaces and vortex tubes are presented in terms of perspective volume renderings of fields in physical space.