Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional association of oestrogen receptors with HPV infection in cervical carcinogenesis

Repeated parity and usage of oral contraceptives have demonstrated an increased risk of cervical cancer (CC) in HPV-infected women. These lifestyle observations raise the likelihood that oestrogens and HPV infection might act synergistically to affect cancers of the cervix. In vivo studies have indicated the requirement of oestrogens and ERα in the development of atypical squamous metaplasia followed by cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II and III. CIN II and III are precancerous cervical lesions that can progress over time to CC as an invasive carcinoma. Recently, there has been evidence suggesting that ERα signalling in the tumour epithelium is a preliminary requisite during cancer initiation that is subsequently lost during tumorigenic progression. Conversely, continued expression of stromal ERα gains control over tumour maintenance. This review summarises the current information on the association between oestrogens and HPV infection in contributing to CC and the possibility of SERMs as a therapeutic option.
On the self-similar nature of Ethernet traffic (extended version)

Demonstrates that Ethernet LAN traffic is statistically self-similar, that none of the commonly used traffic models is able to capture this fractal-like behavior, that such behavior has serious implications for the design, control, and analysis of high-speed, cell-based networks, and that aggregating streams of such traffic typically intensifies the self-similarity ("burstiness") instead of smoothing it. These conclusions are supported by a rigorous statistical analysis of hundreds of millions of high quality Ethernet traffic measurements collected between 1989 and 1992, coupled with a discussion of the underlying mathematical and statistical properties of self-similarity and their relationship with actual network behavior. The authors also present traffic models based on self-similar stochastic processes that provide simple, accurate, and realistic descriptions of traffic scenarios expected during B-ISDN deployment. >
Applying a Nonparametric Efficiency Analysis to Measure Conversion Efficiency in Great Britain

In the literature on Sen’s capability approach, studies focussing on the empirical measurement of conversion factors are comparatively rare. We add to this field by adopting a measure of “conversion efficiency” that captures the efficiency with which individuals convert their resources into achieved functioning. We use a nonparametric efficiency procedure borrowed from production theory and construct such a measure for a set of basic functionings, using data from the wave 2006 of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS). In Great Britain, 49.88% of the individuals can be considered efficient while the mean of the inefficient individuals reaches one fifth less functioning achievement. An individual’s conversion efficiency is positively affected by getting older, being self-employed, married, having no health problems and living in the London area. On the other hand, being unemployed, separated/divorced/widowed and (self-assessed) disabled decrease an individual’s conversion efficiency.
Revised Soil Erodibility K-factor for Soils in the Czech Republic

In the territory of the Czech Republic there are more than 50% of agricultural soils exposed to water erosion; it is a very urgent problem both at present and for the future. It must be solved now when there is still something to be protected. It is rather complicated to describe the soil properties in terms of soil susceptibility to water erosion because it is a complex relation in which many factors participate. For the complex evaluation of all main factors participating in erosion origination it is possible to apply the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). It consists of six factors interacting with each other and participating in the origination of soil erosion. One of these factors is the soil erodibility factor ( K-factor), the revision of which for soil conditions of the CR is the subject of this study. In total ca. 5000 soil pits from the whole territory of the country were processed and evaluated in detail. The main results of this study are K-factor values (means and variances) for the soil types, subtypes and varieties (represented in the database) according to the Taxonomic Classification System of Soils of the Czech Republic.
Are we assessing correctly our students? Spain versus Finland

The aim of this paper is twofold: first, to analyse the comparison of coursework and final examination between Finland and Spain in order to test if there are differences in assessment methodologies; second, to study whether there are different factors (such as gender, age, subject, students’ motivation and preferences) that have an impact on the assessment of students from the two countries. We analyze the final grade obtained by 117 freshmen enrolled on the Statistics and/or Financial Accounting subjects in Business Administration Degree. The most interesting results are that the coursework mark is higher than the final examination in both subjects in both Universities, except for male students enrolled in statistics and, also, that gender, type of subject and students´preferences have an impact on the academic outcomes.
Analysis of Magnetic Properties of Soft Magnetic Composite Using Discrete Element Method

The soft magnetic composite (SMC), which consists of insulated iron particles, has been used for electric machines and devices. The magnetic permeability of SMC is underestimated when it is assumed that SMC is composed of homogeneous particles without magnetic contact. In this paper, SMC is modeled by the discrete element method, considering the inhomogeneity in particle size and contact among particles. It is shown that the measured permeability of SMC can be reproduced by considering these effects. Moreover, the frequency characteristics of SMC are evaluated by the proposed method, and the Ollendorff formula modified with an anomaly factor is introduced.
European Journal of Special Education Research-ISSN 2501-2428

In this study, the relationship between internet addiction and quality of life of gifted children studying at the science and art center between the ages of 9-14, sociodemographic variables were evaluated within the framework of the relational screening model. Data collection studies related to the research were carried out with the snowball technique. Turkey reached the trainers who work in Science and Art Centers in different cities in each region, given detailed information about the research and 9-12 age group with the support of parents who accepted to participate in the survey was administered to children scales. The Online Game Addiction Scale was used to obtain data and the Quality of Life Scale for Children was used to measure their quality of life. A statistically significant and negative correlation was determined between the Online Game Addiction Scale and the Quality of Life for Children subscales of the specially gifted children who participated in the study. Gifted boys have more time to play than 4 hours without pause. As the game addiction levels of specially gifted children increase, their quality of life decreases. The quality of life of specially gifted children who play online games for a long time is low.
Empirical Analysis of Pedestrian Countdown Signals in Shanghai

Countdown pedestrian signals (CPS) are increasingly being used as a supplementary device of traditional pedestrian signals to improve pedestrian safety in China. This research examined the impact of CPS on pedestrian crossing behaviors in Shanghai. Pedestriansi¯ behaviors were studied at the two similar characteristics intersections in the same road, one with CPS and the other without CPS. Data including Proportion Waiting for the Pedestrian Green, Proportion Entering Crosswalk during the different signal change interval displays, Proportion successful crossing during the Pedestrian Green Flashing (PGF) and CPS Displays were collected. The Pedestrian Walking Speeds during different signal change interval displays were analyzed. A survey to gain further understanding of the publici¯s interpretation of the countdown signal was done. The results revealed that the percentage of young people that arrived during the signal change interval and waited for the walk signal nearly not change after the countdown signal was introduced while the percentage for old people decreased dramatically. CPS dramatically increases the proportion of successful crossing of pedestrians who arriving during the signal change interval and entering the crosswalk. Compared with normal PGF, CPS change the walking speed distribution of pedestrians and this effect are more dramatically at the last time span of signal change interval. The understanding of real meaning of pedestrian clearance time is also not improved by countdown signal. The benefits of CPS in improving safety are more obviously for old people than young people.
It’s Complex: Predicting Gastroschisis Outcomes Using Prenatal Imaging

Introduction: Gastroschisis occurs in 1 out of 2,000 births with survival rates partially contingent on intestinal complications and time to establishing feeding. Enhancements in prenatal imaging have given better insight into postnatal outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the gastroschisis patient population at a single children’s hospital in the modern era and to utilize prenatal ultrasound to develop new prenatal prognostic indicators. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of gastroschisis patients at a quaternary care referral children’s hospital from 2010 through 2018. We recorded demographics, prenatal data and imaging, early postnatal data, operative data, and patient outcomes. We compared patients within our cohort born with complex gastroschisis (bowel atresia/ perforation) to uncomplicated gastroschisis patients. Second trimester and third trimester prenatal ultrasounds (US) were evaluated for changes in amniotic fluid level, amount of external bowel, bowel dilatation, and bowel wall edema to identify prognostic indicators of the status of the bowel at birth. For categorical variables, Chi-square tests were used to assess for significance. Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to asses significance between categorical and continuous variables using medians and interquartile ranges or means. Results: 134 patients were included in the study: complex (24), uncomplicated (110). Compared to uncomplicated gastroschisis, complex patients required longer median days to feeding initiation (44 vs 10, p<0.001), full feeding (80 vs 23, p<0.001), length of stay (LOS) (83 vs 33, p<0.001), and TPN at discharge (p=0.004). Full US data was available on 81% of patients, and partial data was identified on 19%. Prenatal US analysis showed significantly more complex patients had polyhydramnios on third trimester US (4.3% to 23.5%, p=0.018). US analysis between complex and uncomplicated patients showed large amount of external bowel (41.2% vs 22.3%, p=0.129) and prevalence of internal bowel dilation (29.4% vs 10.6%, p=0.053) on third trimester US and increase in bowel edema (29.4% vs 13.8%, p=0.148) and external bowel dilation (64.7% vs 51.1%, p=0.429) from second to third trimester US. Multiple multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed amniotic fluid on third trimester US to be the most significant predictor of complex gastroschisis. However, there were no differences in perioperative or long-term complications in the complex group when compared to the group with uncomplicated gastroschisis. Conclusions: Markers on prenatal ultrasound can predict intestinal complications at birth. Complex gastroschisis is associated with increased time to feeds and LOS.
The Brooklyn Botanic Garden’s Children’s Gardening program: A Case Study

I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Melanie Blandford entitled “The Brooklyn Botanic Garden’s Children’s Gardening program: A Case Study”. I have examined the final paper/electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Design.
The Collateral Channel : How Real Estate Shocks affect Corporate Investment ∗ Job Market Paper

What is the impact of real estate prices on corporate investment? In the presence of financing frictions, firms use pledgeable assets as collateral to finance new projects. Through this collateral channel, shocks to the value of real estate can have a large impact on aggregate investment. Over the 1993-2007 period, the representative U.S. corporation invests 6 cents out of each additional dollar of collateral. To compute this sensitivity, we use local real estate shocks as shocks to the collateral value of firms that own real estate. We address the endogeneity of local real estate prices using the interaction of interest rates and local constraints on land supply as an instrument. We address the endogeneity of the decision to own land by (1) controlling for observable determinants of ownership and (2) looking at the investment of firms before and after they acquire land. The sensitivity of investment to collateral value is stronger the more likely a firm is to be credit constrained. We interpret these results in the light of a dynamic model of investment under financing constraints. ∗We are grateful to the Institut Europlace de Finance for financial support. For their helpful comments, we would like to thank Nicolas Coeurdacier, Stefano DellaVigna, Denis Gromb, Luigi Guiso, Thierry Magnac, Ulrike Malmendier, Atif Mian, Adam Szeidl, and Jean Tirole. We are especially indebted to Chris Mayer for providing us with the Global Real Analytics data. We are also grateful to seminar participants at INSEE in Paris, the University of Amsterdam, the London Business School, Oxford’s Säıd School of Business, the University of Chicago, the European University Institute in Florence, Bocconi University, Toulouse University, Princeton University, the Kellog School of Management, the Haas School of Business, and the University of Naples. We are solely responsible for all remaining errors. †University of Chicago and NBER, tchaney@uchicago.edu ‡University of California, Berkeley, and CREST-INSEE, sraer@berkeley.edu. Corresponding Author: 549 Evans Hall #3880, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3880. §HEC School of Management and CEPR, thesmar@hec.fr
Thermal versus elastic heterogeneity in high‐resolution mantle circulation models with pyrolite composition: High plume excess temperatures in the lowermost mantle

We study a new class of high‐resolution mantle circulation models and predict their corresponding elastic heterogeneity. Absolute temperatures are converted to seismic velocities using published thermodynamically self‐consistent models of mantle mineralogy for a pyrolite composition. A grid spacing of ∼25 km globally allows us to explore mantle flow at Earth‐like convective vigor so that modeled temperature variations are consistent with the underlying mineralogy. We concentrate on isochemical convection and the relative importance of internal and bottom heating in order to isolate the thermal effects on elasticity. Models with a large temperature contrast on the order of 1000 K across the core‐mantle boundary, corresponding to a substantial core heat loss of up to 12 TW, result in elastic structures that agree well with tomography for a number of quantitative measures: These include spectral power and histograms of heterogeneity as well as radial profiles of root‐mean‐square amplitudes. In particular, high plume excess temperatures of +1000–1500 K in the lowermost mantle lead to significant negative anomalies of shear wave velocity of up to −4%. These are comparable to strong velocity reductions mapped by seismic tomography in the prominent low‐velocity regions of the lower mantle. We note that the inference of a large core heat flux is supported by a number of geophysical studies arguing for a substantial core contribution to the mantle energy budget. Additionally, we find significant differences between the characteristics of thermal heterogeneity and the characteristics of elastic heterogeneity in the transition zone due to phase transformations of upper mantle minerals. Our results underline the necessity to include mineral physics information in the geodynamic interpretation of tomographic models.
Effect of Neem Extracts (Azadirachta indica) on Bacteria Isolated from Adult Mouth

1M.B. Yerima, 2S.M. JODI, 1K. Oyinbo, 3H.M. Maishanu, 1A.A. Farouq, 4A.U. Junaidu, 5M.N. Al-Mustapha and 6 A.L. Shinkafi *1Department of Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, P.M. B. 2346, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 2Dept. of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. 3Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. P.M. B. 2346, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 4Dept. of Parasitology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. 5Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. 6Department of Science Laboratory Sciences, Abdu Gusau Polytechnic, Talata Mafara, Zamfara State, Nigeria.
Strangers in their own land: friendship issues when children have cancer

More children than ever before are surviving childhood cancer. While treatment protocols have improved, there is little consideration given to their ongoing educational needs, including their social needs for positive peer relationships and friendships. This qualitative study of 12 families included children from four to 15 years of age. Most of the children were attending primary school and half were still undergoing treatment. Interviews in family homes were undertaken with parents, children with cancer and their siblings. The results show that most of these children with cancer have special social relationship needs beyond the impact of absence from school. This article focuses specifically upon friendships and peer relationships which often change dramatically when a child has cancer. Such changes can place children with cancer at risk both academically and emotionally. Some suggestions for addressing this issue are explored.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND CORTISOL RESPONSES: CAN LABORATORY FINDINGS BE REPLICATED IN CLASSROOMS AND USING OTHER EI MEASURES?

Laboratory studies demonstrate negative relationships between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and cortisol responses (Mikolajczak, Roy, Luminet, Fillee & De Timary, 2007). The current study examined whether EI influenced stress reactivity in an applied setting, with students giving group oral presentations. Participants were either presenters (high stress condition) or observers (controls); cortisol and mood were measured within subjects at three time points (baseline, time 2 [20 minutes after onset] and time 3 [40 minutes after onset]). The stress manipulation successfully increased cortisol scores (AUCg and AUCi) in presenters. No significant relationships emerged between cortisol and either total EI or EI subscales, although the emotional control subscale predicted mood. Results may indicate that EI influences stress processes in some students but not others, they may reflect the study methods and EI measure used, or they may reflect the complexity of group assessments. Content validity of EI measures is a contentious issue and domain coverage varies between measures; coverage of the chosen EI measure may have influenced findings. Additionally, increasing ecological validity decreased experimental control, removing the ability to impose strict timings on saliva collection; potentially impacting on results. Alternatively, EI may have insufficient influence over group assessment to impact on physiological stress responses.
Self-interest or the greater good: How political and rational dynamics influence the outsourcing process

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to provide an understanding of the influence of political goals and behaviour on the outsourcing decision process and outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – The research used an exploratory longitudinal case-based approach. Eight outsourcing projects in three telecommunications companies were analysed from the initial decision to the outcome of the case. Findings – We show how political goals and behaviours influence the outsourcing decision process and inductively develop four political goals: personal reputation, attainment, elimination and control. We also identify three dynamic outsourcing paths: the personal reputation path, which leads to successful outcomes; the short-term attain and eliminate path leading to unsuccessful outcomes; and the destabilised path, which leads to mixed outcomes. All of these can be tested in other empirical settings. Research limitations/implications – The implications for outsourcing literature are that political intentions influence the decision process and outcomes. The implications for managers are the ability to identify and manage political goals that influence outsourcing decision process and outcomes. For theorists, we provide an understanding of how political and rational goals and behaviour interact to impact outsourcing outcomes: with political and rational goals and behaviour complementary in some instances. The limitations are that with a small sample the findings are generalisable to theoretical propositions rather than to a population. Originality/value – For the first time, we uncover the political goals that impact the outsourcing decision process and outcomes. We add to the outsourcing literature, transaction cost theory and resource based theory by defining and understanding the political goals that complement these theories.
Labor Supply Factors and Economic Fluctuations ∗

We propose a new VAR identification scheme that enables us to identify labor supply shocks from other labor market shocks. Identification is achieved by imposing robust signrestrictions that are derived from a theoretical model. According to our analysis on US data over the period 1985-2014, labor supply shocks and wage bargaining shocks are important drivers of output and unemployment both in the short-run and in the long-run. These results suggest that identification strategies used in estimated New Keynesian models to disentangle labor market shocks may be misguided. We also analyze the behavior of the labor force participation rate through the lenses of our model. We find that labor supply shocks are the main drivers of the participation rate and account for about half of its decline in the aftermath of the Great Recession.