Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Throly Score Successfully Classifies Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients at Risk of Thromboembolic Complication

INTRODUCTION: Thromboembolism (TE) in lymphoma patients is gathering substantial attention due to its impact on morbidity and mortality of those patients. The association between lymphoma and increased risk for TE development, especially venous thromboembolism (VTE), has lately been well established through numerous publications. Thrombosis Lymphoma (ThroLy) score has been initially developed as a simple risk assessment model for the risk of TE development in lymphoma patients. It has been both internally and externally validated in several studies, which dominantly included patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Therefore, aim of our study is to analyse and validate ThroLy score in an extensive cohort of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients. METHODS: A total of 5509 newly diagnosed HL patients, from the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD13-15 trials, were included in this study. Data has been obtained for all venous and arterial TE events in HL patients from time of diagnosis to 3 months after the last cycle of therapy. TE was diagnosed objectively based on radiographic studies (duplex venous ultrasound, contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - for central nervous system (CNS) thrombosis, or angiograms (for arterial thrombosis), clinical examination and laboratory evaluation. Based on ThroLy score, patients were divided in three risk categories: low (score 0-1), intermediate (score 2-3) and high risk (score >3). Patients with intermediate and high-risk score were classified at risk. The validation was conducted through Chi-square test, ROC analysis and logistic regression. RESULTS: The mean patients' age was 35.9 years (range, 18-75 years); 55.7% were males. The majority of patients had limited or intermediate stage of disease: Ann Arbor stage I 10.6%, and stage II 57.5%. 190 (3.4%) patients developed thromboembolic events, 173 patients with VTE (3.14%), and 17 with arterial TE (0.31%), respectively. Chi-square test showed statistically significant association between TE and ThroLy score, both in three risk groups (chi-square = 18.236, p≤0.001) and two risk groups: low and at risk (chi-square = 18.029, p≤0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value were 49%, 65%, 95%, and 97%, respectively. Binary logistic regression of ThroLy score showed statistically significant performance in prediction of TE events in HL patients, with satisfactory validity indicators (Ombinus Test chi-square = 11.668, p=0.001; AIC=44.956, BIC = 97.869). Diagnostic accuracy of ThroLy score was calculated via ROC curve (area under curve (AUC)=0.57). CONCLUSION: ThroLy score demonstrated its capability of risk prediction for TE events in HL patients. The limited statistical performance of the ThroLy score requires further research towards possible score enhancement. Engert: AstraZeneca: Honoraria; MSD Sharp & Dohme: Honoraria; Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Affimed Therapeutics: Research Funding; Sandoz: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria, Research Funding.
Experimental investigation and its analysis of gas holdup in a three-phase counter-current microstructured bubble column

Abstract The present work investigates the gas holdup in a three-phase counter-current microstructured bubble column with and without the presence of surfactant. The coal (specific gravity 1.4) was taken to prepare slurry (a mixture of water and coal) and Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol (MIBC) was used as a surfactant. The effects of the dispersed phase and continuous phase velocity, solid loading and solid size on gas holdup are studied. The result shows that the gas holdup is highly dependent on the operating variables and the solid loading, but only to a small extent on the size of the particles. The gas holdup is analyzed with a slip velocity model. The maximum gas holdup in the column is found to be 38.570% and 33.195% in the presence and absence of the surfactant, respectively. It has been found that increasing the concentration of solids reduces gas holdup. Moreover, increasing particle size and dispersed phase and continuous phase velocity increases gas holdup. A novel correlation has been developed to predict the gas holdup and slip velocity model parameters. Gas holdup data from the available literature and the current experimental values were compared to the recommended correlation. The results of the study show that the recommended correlations give a precise prediction of experimental values in the error range of ± 20%.
Heterogeneous bubble nucleation dynamics

Abstract Heterogeneous nucleation is the most effective mechanism for the inception of phase transformation. Solid walls and impurities act as a catalyst for the formation of a new thermodynamic phase by reducing the activation energy required for a phase change, hence enhancing nucleation. The formation of vapour bubbles close to solid, ideally flat, walls is addressed here by exploiting a mesoscale description that couples diffuse interface modelling of the two-phase vapour–liquid system with fluctuating hydrodynamics, extending previous work by the authors on homogeneous nucleation. The technical focus of this work is to directly account for hydrophobic or hydrophilic walls through appropriate boundary conditions compliant with the fluctuation–dissipation balance, a crucial point in the context of fluctuating hydrodynamics theory. This methodology provides access to the complete dynamics of the nucleation process, from the inception of multiple bubbles up to their long-time macroscopic expansion, on time and spatial scales unaffordable by standard techniques for nucleation, such as molecular dynamics. The analysis mainly focuses on the effect of wall wettability on the nucleation rate, and, albeit qualitatively in agreement with classical nucleation theory predictions, it reveals several discrepancies to be ascribed to layering effects in the liquid close to the boundary and to bubble–bubble interactions. In particular, it is found that, close to moderately hydrophilic surfaces, the most probable nucleation events occur away from the wall through a homogeneous mechanism.
Body mass index and survival of patients with lymphoma

Abstract The impact of body mass index (BMI) on survival in lymphoma remains controversial. We leveraged a prospective cohort of lymphoma patients enrolled to SPORE Molecular Epidemiology Resource between 2002 and 2015 to assess the association of BMI before diagnosis, BMI at diagnosis, and BMI change over time with lymphoma-specific survival (LSS). A total of 4009 lymphoma patients (670 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 689 follicular lymphoma (FL), 1018 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), and 1632 other subtypes) were included. Significantly shorter LSS after diagnosis was observed for FL patients who were obese before diagnosis (HR: 3.02, 95%CI: 1.43–6.41, p=.004) and for those with a ≥ 5% increase in BMI from diagnosis to 3-year follow-up (HR: 3.53, 95%CI: 1.22–10.2, p=.020). In contrast, obesity prior to or at the time of diagnosis was not associated with LSS in DLBCL and CLL/SLL. The impact of weight control after diagnosis in FL patient warrants investigation.
Role of Octreotide in Menetrier’s Disease: Case Report and Review of Literature

Menetrier’s disease (MD) is a rare disease characterized macroscopically by gastric rugae thickening and microscopically by foveolar hyperplasia with glandular atrophy, resulting in luminal protein loss. Different treatment strategies, including antibiotics, prednisone, octreotide, and monoclonal antibodies, have yielded varying degrees of success. Here, we present a rare complication of MD with a gastric outlet obstruction from a large adenoma. However, prior to this complication, dramatic clinical and laboratory improvements were observed after 12 months of treatment with subcutaneous octreotide. We also present a review of the literature for the role of octreotide in the treatment of MD.
Worden’s tasks of mourning through a social work lens

ABSTRACT Loss is a universal experience. In social services, social workers or allied professionals may be working with clients who have experienced some type of loss and are going through the grieving process. Worden’s Four Tasks of Mourning have guided grief and loss work in the field of bereavement. This author’s direct service and practice experience as a clinical social worker supporting grieving individuals has further informed Worden’s task model through a social work lens. This paper will include a comprehensive overview of Worden’s Tasks of Mourning through a social work perspective, followed by a practical application of the social work informed model. Areas of practice discussed include: the eclectic integration of interventions within the tasks, grief as a lifelong process, establishment of a new normal, and the multidimensional nature of emotions in the grief process.
Numerical Analysis of Transonic Flow around Cones

A new solver is presented for transonic flow around cone-cylinder, axisymmetric bodies. Ground experiments almost always suffer from uncertainty due to operating in the presence of high levels of facility noise. Besides, experimental measurements of these mechanisms are not available at high-speed flows. Direct Numerical Simulations have made it possible to compute details of the transonic mechanisms but still a significant challenge due to the cost. This study aims to present a new solver to model transonic flows. To assess the new solver, the surface Mach number and the drag coefficient are investigated as the freestream Mach number varies. The results are in excellent agreement with experimental data, indicating the new model is capable of accurately predicting the aerodynamics coefficients at transonic flow regimes.
Nepheline solid solution compositions: stoichiometry revisited, reviewed, clarified and rationalised

Abstract Molecular formulae used to recalculate nepheline analyses generally have different numbers of oxygens (e.g. NaAlSiO4 (Ne), KAlSiO4, (Ks), CaAl2Si2O8 (An) and SiO2 (Q)). A 32 oxygen cell has 16 T cations and 8 cavity sites, but ideal nepheline stoichiometry is not necessarily followed. Ca end-member □CaCaAl2Si2O4 (CaNe) and excess silica end-member □SiSi2O4 (Q’) calculation requires inclusion of both vacancy species as cavity cation values. Q’ parameter calculations can involve different assumptions and four parameters are described: Qxs; QSi; Q(Si–Al); and Qcavity; these should have closely similar values for high-quality, stoichiometric analyses. Representative published compositions are recalculated to assess whether authors followed ideal nepheline stoichiometry. Phenocrysts from peralkaline rocks and nephelinites typically exhibit Al deficiencies reflected in negative Δ(Al – cavity cation) parameters (ΔAlcc), negative ‘normative’ corundum (Al2O3, Cn), and anomalously low or negative Qxs parameters; for such rock types Q(Si–Al) provides a better estimate of excess silica contents. A ΔT-site (cation charge) parameter (ΔTcharge), is closely coupled to ΔAlcc and end-member NaAlSiO4 has a ΔAlcc/ΔTcharge ratio of 1.4296; the derivation of this value is controlled by strict stuffed-tridymite, unit-cell constraints. Natural nephelines all contain excess silica with a mean ΔAlcc/ΔTcharge of ~1.134 reflecting their Si/Al ratio being > 1. Nepheline analyses with relatively low Al and Si and high Na (also Ca) contents are common; this might reflect the presence of small amounts (up to ~5%) of cancrinite as an alteration phase or perhaps even in solid solution. The compositions of alteration lamellae of Ca-rich cancrinite in altered nepheline phenocrysts in phonolites from the Marangudzi alkaline complex, Zimbabwe, are used to define diagnostic parameters for recognising such non-stoichiometry. These alteration lamellae formed hydrothermally from Ca-rich and K-poor fluids. An EXCEL file is provided to help researchers to standardise calculation of nepheline end-member molecular proportions.
Gynecological cancer: Evolution of its relative frequency

Objective: The objective of the study was to show the relative frequency of gynecological cancers at an oncology unit comparing these results with two previous studies, by highlighting the increase in the number of uterine cancers. Materials and methods: Review the number of cases of gynecological cancers at the Oncology Service of the General Hospital of Mexico from 2016 to 2017, comparing it with two previous periods, 1983-1984 and 2010-2011. Results: We included 931 patients with gynecological cancers, 427 patients with cervical cancer (45.8%), 274 patients with uterine cancer (29.4%), and 206 patients with ovarian cancer (22.1%). When comparing these results with the previous ones, we found that the numbers of cervical cancer decreased from 86.8% to 57.8% to 45.8 % (p < 0.05); uterine cancer from 4.5% to 17.9% to 29.4% (p = 0.0001); and ovarian cancer from 6.2% (p < 0.05) to 19.7% (p = 0.185). The larger histological group for cervical cancer is adenocarcinomas (18.1%) and the main histology in uterine cancers is endometrial (86.8%). From this total, 71.4% patients are either overweight or obese. About 63.9% of cases were diagnosed as late-stage cancers. Conclusions: In this series, we detected a decrease in the frequency of cervical cancers, with adenocarcinomas increasing in percentage, and a significant increase in uterine cancers associated with overweightness and obesity. Advanced stages of gynecological cancers were prevalent.
Disaster preparedness should represent an augmentation of the everyday trauma system, but are we prepared?

Background The increased frequency, geographical spread and the heterogenicity in mass casualty incidents (MCIs) challenge healthcare systems worldwide. Trauma systems constitute the base for disaster preparedness. Norway is sparsely populated, with four regional trauma centers (TCs) and 35 hospitals treating trauma (non-trauma centers (NTCs)). We wanted to assess whether hospitals fill the national trauma system requirements for competence and the degree of awareness of MCI plans. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of on-call trauma teams in all 39 hospitals during two time periods: July–August (holiday season (HS)) and September–June (non-holiday season (NHS)). A standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate the MCI preparedness. Results A total of 347 trauma team members participated (HS: 173 and NHS: 174). Over 95% of the team members were aware of the MCI plan; half had read the plan during the last 6 months, whereas 63% at the TCs and 74% at NTCs were confident with their MCI role. Trauma team exercises were conducted regularly and 86% had ever participated. Only 63% at the TCs and 53% at the NTCs had participated in an MCI exercise. The proportion of resident surgeons and anesthetists with >4 years’ clinical experience was significantly higher in TCs (88% and 63%) than in NTCs (27% and 17%). All the on-call consultant surgeons were at home, leaving interns in charge at several of the hospitals. All resident surgeons at the TCs were ATLS providers compared with 64% at the NTCs, and almost 90% of the consultant surgeons had participated in advanced trauma surgical courses. Discussion Despite increased national focus on disaster preparedness, we identified limited compliance with trauma system requirements concerning competency and training. Strict guidelines to secure immediate notification and early presence of consultants whenever a situation that might turn into an MCI occurs should be a prerequisite. Level of evidence Level IV. Study type: cross- sectional.
Characterization of broadband complex refractive index of synthetic melanin coatings and their changes after ultraviolet irradiation

Melanin, with its high refractive index (RI) and broadband absorption, is an important biomaterial responsible for many of the vibrant structural colors observed in nature and for UV protection. Even though the RI plays an important role in the function of melanin, there is an ambiguity in its reported complex RI and a lack of understanding of whether and how the UV radiation, these materials are likely to experience under normal use, will affect the complex RI. Here, we measured the wavelength-dependent (360–1700 nm) complex RI of synthetic melanin films before and after in situ UV treatment using ellipsometry. We modeled the ellipsometric data using a modified Tauc-Lorentz dispersion model and measured the thickness independently using atomic force microscopy. The UV radiation reduces the film thickness. Interestingly, we find that both the real and imaginary terms of the RI increase upon UV radiation. These experiments provide accurate measurements of the optical properties of melanin and a surprising result that synthetic melanin absorbs more light (∼25% increase in extinction coefficient) below 600 nm after UV exposure.
Would Market Sheds Improve Market Participation and Earnings of Small Ruminant Keepers? Evidence from Ethiopia

Livestock markets and marketing are crucial components of the agricultural transformation agenda in Ethiopia. There is, however, little or no scientific evidence for the demand for livestock market facilities to guide the national effort. Using panel data, we estimate the effect of livestock market shed provision on market participation and revenue from small ruminants in Central Ethiopia. Experimental market sheds were constructed in nine markets, with baseline and follow-up surveys conducted with a sample of 50 marketers from each of 16 markets. We employ different formulations of a difference-in-differences (DiD) model, including a combined estimation with propensity score matching. Our results show that provision of market sheds significantly increase farmers’ earnings from small ruminant sales. DiD estimated with a matched sample also shows that market participation increased among smallholder farmers close to the markets with sheds. Our findings support the investment in market facilities in the central highlands and other comparable socio-economic settings in Ethiopia.
Intrusion Distance and Flow Discharge in Rivers during the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami

On 11 March 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake generated huge tsunami waves. Then, tsunami propagation occurred in rivers, resulting in further expansion of the flooded area. Full data sets of tsunami characteristics such as tsunami inland and river propagation distances as well as the river geometries from all rivers within the Tohoku District were compiled and analyzed. It was found that tsunami propagation distance in rivers was about 1.2 to 4.5 times that of the inland area. There was a good correlation between propagation distance in rivers and the river bed slope. Furthermore, new empirical formulae for calculating the damping coefficient of tsunami wave height and tsunami intrusion length were successfully derived based on the current comprehensive data sets covering a wide range of river geometry and bottom slope. Moreover, tsunami-induced flow discharge was evaluated by using measured water level variation.
The Association of Polymorphisms in Base Excision Repair Genes with Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility in Chinese Women: A Two-Center Case-Control Study

Base excision repair (BER) acts upon the most important mechanism of the DNA repair system, protecting DNA stability and integrity from the mutagenic and cytotoxic effects. Multiple researches have indicated that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BER-related gene may be associated with the susceptibility of ovarian cancer. However, the results are controversial. In this two-center case-control study, 19 potentially functional SNPs in six BER-related genes (hOGG1, APE1, PARP1, FEN1, LIG3 and XRCC1) was genotyped in 196 ovarian cancer cases and 272 cancer-free controls. And, their associations with ovarian cancer risk were assessed by unconditional logistic regression analyses. We found that PARP1 rs8679 and hOGG1 rs293795 polymorphisms were associated with a decreased risk of ovarian cancer under dominant model (adjusted OR=0.39, 95% CI=0.17-0.90, P=0.026; and adjusted OR=0.36, 95% CI=0.13-0.99, P=0.049, respectively). Stratification analysis demonstrated that this association was more pronounced in the subgroups of lower BMI and patients with early menarche and serous carcinoma. Moreover, LIG3 rs4796030 AA/AC variant genotypes performed an increased risk of ovarian cancer under recessive model (adjusted OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.01-2.35, P=0.046), especially in the subgroups of higher BMI, early clinic stage and the carcinoma at the left. These results suggested that PARP1, hOGG1 and LIG3 polymorphisms might impact on the risk of ovarian cancer. However, more researches with larger and different ethnic populations are warranted to support our findings.
Protect for affinity? The role of destination brand engagement in forming environmentally responsible tourist behaviours

Abstract Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is employed as a conceptual foundation for the current research on environmentally responsible tourist behaviours (ERTB) in an Asian context. Extension of the TPB model has been suggested, given the limited capacity of attitude, subjective norms, and behavioural control to predict ERTB. Destination brand engagement (DBE) is conceptualised to represent the comprehensive connection between (potential) tourists and a destination built beyond travel encounters by drawing on the concept of brand engagement. The construct of DBE is incorporated to establish the extended TPB model, which can assist with a better understanding of ERTB formation. Both ERTB intention and self-reported actual ERTB are considered as the expected consequences. The hypothesised TPB-DBE model has been estimated by adopting the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach to analyse the data collected at two destinations in Malaysia and Pakistan. The literature-informed positive effects of attitude, norms, and behavioural control on ERTB are confirmed. ERTB intention is verified as an immediate predictor of self-reported ERTB, although sores for ERTB are lower than scores for intention. DBE contributes to ERTB intention and self-reported actual ERTB. The transformation from ERTB intention to on-site ERTB can be strengthened by increased DBE.