Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review on models for the prediction of the diameter of jet grouting columns

Jet grouting is a known ground improvement technique largely used worldwide for different applications. One of the major limitations of this technique is mainly related to obtaining good predictions of the geometry of the final grouted body, as it is a function of the injection parameters and soil properties. Over the years, many studies have been conducted and few models and design methodologies have been developed to obtain more accurate predictions. A short review on some models found in the literature with a theoretical background is provided in this paper, highlighting the advantages and the limitations of each approach presented. A brief overview on emerging approaches is presented as well.
Improving Intrusion Detection Through Training Data Augmentation

Imbalanced classes in datasets are common problems often found in security data. Therefore, several strategies like class resampling and cost-sensitive training have been proposed to address it. In this paper, we propose a data augmentation strategy to oversample the minority classes in the dataset. Using our Sort-Augment-Combine (SAC) technique, we split the dataset into subsets of the class labels and then generate synthetic data from each of the subsets. The synthetic data were then used to oversample the minority classes. Upon the completion of the oversampling, the independent classes were combined to form an augmented training data for model fitting. Using performance metrics such as accuracy, recall (sensitivity) and true positives (specificity), the models trained using the augmented datasets show an improvement in performance metrics over the original dataset. Similarly, in a binary class dataset, SAC performed optimally and the combination of SAC and ROSE model shows an improvement in overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity when compared with the performance of the Random Forest model on the original dataset, ROSE and SMOTE augmented datasets.
Summer Assemblages of Ichthyoplankton in the Waters of the East China Sea Shelf and Around Taiwan in 2007

This study investigated the relationships between assemblages of larval fish and hydrographic features in the East China Sea (ECS) and seas surrounding Taiwan during the summer of 2007. A survey was conducted from 2007 July 1 to 2007 July 11 in the ECS and from 2007 July 4 to 2007 July 16 in the waters surrounding Taiwan. A total of 12,670 larval fishes belonging to 95 families, 163 genes, and 189 species were identified. Engraulis japonicus and Sillago japonica were the 2 dominant species, accounting for 56.15% and 6.66% of the fish larvae samples. The cluster analysis results showed that the fish larval distribution patterns corresponded to hydrographic conditions. The results were also used to identify the following larval assemblages: the Kuroshio assemblage, coastal assemblage, Changjiang diluted water (CDW) / Yellow Sea mixed water assemblage, and Taiwan Strait water assemblage. The spatial distribution results showed a clear association between high abundances of larval fishes and shallow water areas near the ECS coast, and between low abundances and offshore Kuroshio water. The canonical correlation analysis results indicated that abundances of E. japonicus and S. japonica were strongly and positively correlated with chlorophyll a, but negatively correlated with salinity. These associations suggest that food sources and CDW might be crucial factors that determine the abundance and distribution of larval fishes during the summer.
Resource sustainability assessment of the use of non-ferrous metals in advanced materials applications

With the continuing global population growth, climate change and aspirations of developing nations to follow in the footsteps of developed nations, it is no wonder that the sustainability topic is so prominent today. Since the metals boom during the first decade of the 21st century also metal resource availability has gained renewed interest from politics and academia. Many metals are applied in clean technologies with the aim to reduce society’s environmental footprint. Semi-conductor materials, for example, are used in solar panels to harvest solar energy. As the processing of metals is often quite resource intensive the question arises how many resources are required in the production of these advanced materials. With regard to the sustainability of metal use this thesis tried to contribute in two ways. On the one hand by suggesting improvements for the assessment of impacts on future metal resource availability and on the other hand by assessing the overall resource consumption for the production of selected advanced materials, namely germanium wafers used in solar panels and cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Data on global mining operations from a mining database was used to determine an indicator for metal resource availability on the basis of the amount of ore required per kg of metal. Another part of the work consisted in setting up a model to determine energy requirements for the production of copper on the basis of data from a mining database. This model was used to investigate the link between ore requirements and energy demand on a global level. The resource consumption of germanium wafers was assessed and set in relation to the potential resource savings achieved when the wafers are used in solar panels to produce electricity from solar energy. New cathode materials for lithium ion batteries are constantly developed. The impact of composition and property changes on the resource consumption was compared for five different cathode materials.
Integrated Antennas and Active Beamformers Technology for mm-Wave Phased-Array Systems

In this thesis, based on the indoor channel measurements and ray-tracing modeling for the indoor mm-wave wireless communications, the challenges of the design of the radio in this band is studied. Considering the recently developed standards such as IEEE 802.15. 3c, ECMA and WiGig at 60 GHz, the link budget of the system design for different classes of operation is done and the requirement for the antenna and other RF sections are extracted. Based on radiation characteristics of mm-wave and the fundamental limits of low-cost Silicon technology, it is shown that phased-array is the ultimate solution for the radio and physical layer of the mobile millimeter wave multi-Gb/s wireless networks. Different phased-array configurations are studied and a low-cost single-receiver array architecture with RF phase-shifting is proposed. A systematic approach to the analysis of the overall noise-figure of the proposed architecture is presented and the component technical requirements are derived for the system level specifications. The proposed on-chip antennas and antenna-in-packages for various applications are designed and verified by the measurement results. The design of patch antennas on the low-cost RT/Duroid substrate and the slot antennas on the IPD technologies as well as the compact on-chip slot DRA antenna are explained in the antenna design section. The design of reflective-type phase shifters in CMOS and MEMS technologies is explained. Finally, the design details of two developed 60 GHz integrated phased-arrays in CMOS technology are discussed. Front-end circuit blocks such as LNA, continuous passive reflective-type phase shifters, power combiner and variable gain amplifiers are investigated, designed and developed for a 60 GHz phased-array radio in CMOS technology. In the first design, the two-element CMOS phased-array front-ends based on passive phase shifting architecture is proposed and developed. In the second phased-array, the recently developed on-chip dielectric resonator antenna in our group in lower frequency is scaled and integrated with the front-end.
Comparison of Above-Sign and Below-Sign Placement of Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacons

Several methods have been used to emphasize the presence of a pedestrian crossing, including supplementing signing with beacons. A device that has received national attention is the rectangular rapid-flashing beacon (RRFB). A question being asked is whether the position of the beacons above or below the pedestrian crossing sign influences the effectiveness of the treatment. A closed-course study found that at night RRFBs located above the crossing sign offered advantages compared with LEDs located within or below the sign. To determine if the position of the beacons affected driver yielding, RRFBs were installed above and below the pedestrian crossing sign at 13 sites in four locales. A staged pedestrian protocol was used to collect driver yielding to ensure a consistent presentation of approaching pedestrians. Preliminary findings showed only minor, if any, differences between the above and below positions (average daytime yielding for staged pedestrians was 64% for above and 61% for below), and the statistical test showed no significant difference. The open-road study found that the position of the RRFB did not affect a driver’s decision to yield. With apparent benefits identified from the closed-course study—i.e., lower discomfort and improved ability to detect the pedestrian as measured by identifying the direction a cutout photo of a pedestrian is traveling—and the lack of difference in driver yielding as a result of position, locating the beacons above the warning sign could improve the overall effectiveness of this treatment. As a result of these findings, FHWA plans to issue an official interpretation permitting placement of the beacons above the crossing warning sign.
Yield and Economics of Greengram (Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek) Cultivars as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2014 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, to study the “yield and economics of greengram [Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek] cultivars as influenced by integrated nutrient management. ” Fourteen treatment combinations comprising of two varieties of greengram viz., Meha and GM 4 and seven treatments of integrated nutrient management viz., 100%RDF, 75%RDF+2tFYM/ha, 75% RDF+Rhizobium+PSB, 75%RDF+2tFYM/ha+Rhizobium+PSB, 50%RDF+4t FYM/ha, 50% RDF+Rhizobium + PSB and 50%RDF+4tFYM/ha+Rhizobium+PSB were evaluated. The results revealed that green gram cultivar Meha performed better by recordin 17.3 and 15.3 per cent higher seed yield and Stover yield, respectively over GM 4. Combined application of 75% RDF from urea+2tFYM/ha+Rhizobium+PSB recorded higher values for number of plant height, number of branches per plant, pods per plant, fresh and dry weight of root nodules, number of seeds per pod, pod length, number of seed per pod, 1000-seeds weight, seed and Stover yield over other combination and sole application of organic and inorganic source of nitrogen. Maximum net realization along with higher BCR value were recorded with variety Meha and Combined application of 75% RDF from urea+2 t FYM/ha + Rhizobium + PSB.
Aporte de PM10 y PM2.5 en la calidad del aire de Barranquilla por quemas en el Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca

The aim of the investigation was to estimate the contributions of uncontrolled wildfires in the air quality of Barranquilla for PM10 and PM2.5. Dispersion of particulate matter, PM10 and PM2.5 emitted form vegetation fires presented fires in the Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca was modeled under different scenarios, spatial location, duration, and extension of the burned area. Emissions from the fixed, mobile and area sources of Barranquilla was estimated and then, the AERMOD® V9.0 software was used for dispersion modeling. Results were compared with data of the monitoring air quality stations. Contribution of fires in the simulated scenarios ranged between 28.9%-204.1% for PM10 and 6.3%194.7% for PM2.5.
Neural Network and ANFIS based auto-adaptive MPC for path tracking in autonomous vehicles

Self-driving cars operate in constantly changing environments and are exposed to a variety of uncertainties and disturbances. These factors render classical controllers ineffective, especially for the lateral control in such vehicles. Therefore, an adaptive MPC controller is designed in this paper for the path tracking task, the developed controller is tuned by an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. Furthermore, online parameter adaption is performed using Neural Networks and ANFIS. The designed controller showed promising results and adaptation capability against the standard MPC in a triple lane change scenario and a general trajectory test.
Comparing Seismic Collapse Safety of Modern and Existing Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures in California

In this study, the framework of performance-based earthquake engineering is used to predict the seismic collapse risk of California's older (non-ductile) and modern (ductile) reinforced concrete frame structures. Collapse performance assessments are conducted for two sets of structures, those designed according to an out-dated building code, the 1967 Uniform Building Code (UBC), and those designed according to modern building code provisions, the 2003 International Building Code (IBC). Each set includes 2, 4, 8 and 12 story reinforced concrete frame buildings, designed as space and perimeter frame systems. These preliminary results provide measures of collapse safety of reinforced concrete frame structures and are used to evaluate the level of safety provided by modern building codes, and to quantify differences in safety between older and moden structures, answering questions such as how safe are code-conforming reinforced concrete frame structures? and how much more likely are existing reinforced concrete frames to collapse in an earthquake?
Diagnostic accuracy of teleretinal screening for detection of diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of teleretinal screening compared with face-to-face examination for detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods and analysis This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies (PRISMA-DTA). A comprehensive search of OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL was performed from January 2010 to July 2021. QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess methodological quality and applicability of the studies. A bivariate random effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis. Referrable DR was defined as any disease severity equal to or worse than moderate non-proliferative DR or diabetic macular oedema (DMO). Results 28 articles were included. Teleretinal screening achieved a sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.82 to 0.96) and specificity of 0.88 (0.74 to 0.95) for any DR (13 studies, n=7207, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) low). Accuracy for referrable DR (10 studies, n=6373, GRADE moderate) was lower with a sensitivity of 0.88 (0.81 to 0.93) and specificity of 0.86 (0.79 to 0.90). After exclusion of ungradable images, the specificity for referrable DR increased to 0.95 (0.90 to 0.98), while the sensitivity remained nearly unchanged at 0.85 (0.76 to 0.91). Teleretinal screening achieved a sensitivity of 0.71 (0.49 to 0.86) and specificity of 0.88 (0.85 to 0.90) for detection of AMD (three studies, n=697, GRADE low). Conclusion Teleretinal screening is highly accurate for detecting any DR and DR warranting referral. Data for AMD screening is promising but warrants further investigation. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020191994.
What about the family? Onboarding athletes’ entourage into professional sport organizations

Abstract Effective onboarding practices benefit both the incoming members and the organization as a whole. However, to date, existing onboarding literature has focused exclusively on the incoming members, with little attention to those in their social network, such as family members (e.g., partners, parents/guardians). The purpose of this study was to explore onboarding practices within a professional sport context (i.e., National Basketball Association), with a specific emphasis on understanding the experiences of family members involved in the transition process with an athlete. A qualitative approach was undertaken, involving semi-structured interviews with people who facilitated or had undergone onboarding: organizational representatives (n = 11), athletes (n = 5), and family members (n = 6). Findings demonstrated the importance of resource and information sharing, valuing family members, and developing social capital for successful onboarding, and identified several considerations (e.g., timing, acquisition type) and barriers (e.g., member turnover, status hierarchy). Ultimately, although organizations acknowledged the importance of purposefully onboarding family members, none prioritized the task or had a systematic process in place. These findings reinforce the importance of considering significant others when onboarding professional athletes and provide suggestions for future research directions and practical advancements within the elite sport context. Lay summary: Family members, such as partners and parents/guardians, play an important role in assisting professional athletes through career transitions. While family members experience similar stressors during transition periods, they are often not considered in the onboarding process. Results highlight that family members require purposeful onboarding from sporting organizations to be successfully integrated into a new environment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The current findings emphasize the importance of being purposeful and prioritizing family members during the onboarding process of professional athletes. For successful onboarding to occur, organizations should know who will be onboarded and subsequently, provide tailored resources to ensure they feel informed and valued. It is integral that systematic and formal mentoring efforts (e.g., forming a mentoring network) are put in place to foster a sense of connection amongst family members within an organization.
Dynamics of Pathogenic Fungi in Field Hedges: Vegetation Cover Is Differentially Impacted by Weather

Landscape effects might impede or increase spore dispersal and disease risk for crops, as trees and hedges buffer winds and can behave as spore traps, therefore limiting diffusion of fungi, or, on the contrary, behave as disease relay once vegetation is infected and become inoculum sources. In this study, we investigated weekly prevalence of the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on guava tree leaves, differentiating impacts of leaf height on tree, age, and location within leaf. We first estimated differences in prevalence for each covariate, and then related infection rates to weather effects during the year. Our results highlighted a great variance of prevalence among individual trees, and a lower contamination of tree tops, as well as a tendency for greater odds of infection in tips of young leaves compared to older ones. Last, we show evidence that individual tree contaminations are associated with different disease dynamics: early and dispersal-based, late and growth-based, as well as with intermediate dynamic ranges. Pathogen infection dynamics will thus be greatly impacted by cover characteristics at local scale, and tree cover should not be perceived as homogeneously driving disease levels.
Transitions from substrate integrated waveguide to planar transmission lines and their applications to amplifier integration

Supervisory Committee Jens Bornemann, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Supervisor Thomas E. Darcie, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Departmental Member Andrew Rowe, Department of Mechanical Engineering Outside Member In the lower millimetre-wave frequency range, Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) circuits have emerged as a reasonable compromise between rectangular waveguide and standard microstrip technologies. They are formed by a topand bottom-metalized substrate and two arrays of plated or riveted holes (via holes) to replace the vertical metallic walls in conventional rectangular waveguide. Although many passive components known from traditional waveguide technology have been fabricated in SIW, one of the main challenges is to integrate active components with typical coaxial-type interfaces within the SIW environment. Therefore, the work presented in this dissertation focuses on new broadband transitions from SIW to other planar transmission-line technologies such as microstrip coplanar waveguide, coplanar strip line, slot line and coupled microstrips. Several of the new transitions are prototyped and experimentally verified. Two of these transitions are then used to integrate a low noise amplifier within SIW input and output ports. The measurements of fabricated SIW amplifier prototypes show very promising performance and clearly demonstrate successful integrations of active components within SIW. Finally, one of the new SIW-to-coplanar-waveguide transitions is employed as an interface to an SIW-based antenna, thus demonstrating the principle of connectivity of SIW to all currently used planar circuit technologies.
Real-time Forecast of Passenger Crowd Index on Urban Rail Transit Station Platform Based on Test Data of Internet of Things

Accurate real-time forecast of passenger flow is the basis of passenger flow early warning and evacuation in urban rail transit.This article focused on the real-time station platform passenger crowd index on forecast problem present with urban rail transit.According to the intermittent feature of real-time passenger flow, the on-line real-time forecast models for 30s,3min and 15min dimensions were built on the basis of 30scycling of real test data.In view of practical needs,the ARIMA model for 30s,the multi factor logistic model for 3min and the integrated gray and move average model for 15min were built to estimate forecast parameters respectively.On-line tests during morning and evening peak time and common time at more than 10stations proved the correctness of the structrual models.Taking the Beijing Metro Zoo Station for case study,the degrees of accuracy corresponding to the three above-mentioned time dimensions were obtained as 97%,95%and 99%. The research results show that the proposed models are of good effects on predicting real-time passenger flow in urban rail transit stations.The models have been used in the demonstrative project of the Beijing Metro internet of things for safety and initial results have been achieved.
The body as a reflection of relations with others

BACKGROUND Corporeality is an important element of the self structure. Tattoos have been associated with self-esteem, identity diffusion, and aggression. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: Convicted modified (n = 78; 78.8%) and non-modified men (n = 21; 21.2%) completed the following research tools: the Aggression Severity Scale from the Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO), the Group Identification Scale, the Identity Fusion Scale, a measure of identity fusion, and an agency scale. RESULTS Body modifications were a weak predictor (5%) of aggression intensity among male prisoners. About 20% of the study participants, regardless of having a body modification, presented aggression characterized by severe personality pathology. CONCLUSIONS Nowadays, body modifications should not be treated as an indicator of severe psychopathology and more aggressive relations with others, including among convicted men. In prisoners who presented high levels of aggression, identity diffusion was observed and treated as a form of adaptation, characteristic for borderline personality integration.