Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Real-Time Video-Based Engagement and Feedback during Pedaling on Cadence Control and Exercise Motivation: A Proof-of-Concept Study

The use of video and music as an intrinsic, dissociative attentional stimulus during exercise is thought to distract from the physical discomfort of exercise, and contribute to improved exercise adherence; however, the effects of video-based feedback and engagement during pedaling on exercise performance and motivation are poorly understood. The aims of the present study were twofold. Firstly, to develop a novel video-based engagement regime for pedaling that links pedaling cadence with the play rate of a video, and secondly, to employ an instrumented pedaling device to assess the influence of the video engagement paradigm on cadence performance and exercise motivation. Eighteen healthy subjects participated in 15-min-duration pedaling sessions while targeting a specific low cadence (60 rotations per minute) and high cadence (100 rotations per minute), including pedaling with the provision of (i) target pedaling cadence information only, (ii) visual feedback on cadence control, including pedaling duration, pedaling cadence, and cadence deviation from target, and (iii) real-time engagement, which involved pedaling at the target speed to maintain the playback rate of a pre-recorded video. Cadence deviation from the target was evaluated, and self-reported exercise motivation examined with a post-exercise survey. Pedaling-cadence deviations significantly reduced with cadence feedback at both low and high cadence (p < 0.05). Participants reported enjoying feedback and video-based engagement during pedaling, with 83% of participants feeling that engagement motivated them to perform pedaling-based exercise. In conclusion, real-time cadence control feedback and video-based engagement during pedaling for healthy individuals may improve performance in targeted pedaling tasks. Through dissociation from the physical cues associated with exercise and fatigue, feedback and engagement may ultimately increase enjoyment and exercise compliance and adherence of pedaling-based exercise. The findings may be useful in prescription and maintenance of targeted pedaling exercises for stroke rehabilitation and exercise therapy.
Laser Hemorrhiodoplasty for Treatment of Third and Fourth Degree Heamorrhiodes: A Pilot Study

Background: Patients’ postoperative discomfort and pain represent the most feared and complained complications after surgical hemorrhoidectomy. In response to the high request of painless treatments, in the recent years, many trials assisted to the widespread of minimal invasive and non-excisional techniques including, HAL, THD and stapled hemorrhoidopexy. Objective: The aim of this study is assessment of laser hemorrhiodoplasty for treatment of third and fourth degree hemorrhiods with follow up regarding; post-operative pain, bleeding, wound healing and hospital stay. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at general surgery department of ain shams university hospital from December 2017 through December 2019. It included 20 patients 55% males and 45% females. Their age ranged from 28 to 60 years, with an average of 44 years (± 11.6). Patients aged 50 years and older represented 35% of all study participants. The majority of participants (75%) had grade III hemorrhoids. Results: In our study the operative time ranged from 15 to 30 minutes, with a mean of 19.3 minutes (± 4.37), while the hospital stay ranged from 12 to 18 hours, ANALYSIS 24(105), September October, 2020 Medical Science ISSN 2321–7359 EISSN 2321–7367
The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the frequency of Helicobacter Pylori and peptic ulcer in childhood

DOI: 10.4328/ACAM.20630 Received: 2021-03-31 Accepted: 2021-04-21 Published Online: 2021-04-28 Printed: 2021-05-01 Ann Clin Anal Med 2021;12(5):563-566 Corresponding Author: Mehmet Agin, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Van Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey. E-mail: drmehmet47@yahoo.com P: +90 506 8011083 F: +90 4322175600 Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-2635 Abstract Aim: In the present study, the purpose was to examine the relation between Vitamin D deficiency, and the presence of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) and peptic ulcer. Material and Methods: A total of 291 patients who presented to our Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic with dyspeptic complaints were included in the study. The age, gender, and Vitamin D levels, endoscopic and histopathological findings of patients with and without Vitamin D deficiency were compared. Patients with peptic ulcers were compared in terms of Vitamin D levels and HP prevalence. Results: Vitamin D deficiency was found to be higher in men. Although 70% of patients who had Vitamin D deficiency tested positive for HP, it was detected in 33% of patients without Vitamin D deficiency. In 19% of patients who had Vitamin D deficiency, there were peptic ulcers, and 9% of patients without Vitamin D deficiency had peptic ulcers, and the difference was statistically significant. Although the mean Vitamin D level in patients who had peptic ulcer was 15.8 ng/ ml, it was 23 ng/ml in patients without peptic ulcers, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). A total of 61% of patients with peptic ulcer had Vitamin D deficiency, 39% of patients without peptic ulcer had Vitamin D deficiency, and the difference was statistically significant. Discussion: No effect of Vitamin D level on HP prevalence was detected. Since Vitamin D levels may be lower in patients who have peptic ulcer, Vitamin D levels must be examined in such patients.
Control of Peachtree Borer using Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Peachtree borers, Synanthedon exitiosa, in 10 cherry laurel shrubs growing in a landscape setting were treated with the nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae (strain All). Ten infested cherry laurel were controls in the trial. Nematodes were applied in April using a backpack sprayer. Applications of entomopathic nematodes significantly reduced (66%) the number of living larvae associated with the plants.
Torrefied and unmodified capsicum annuam biochar for the removal of synthetic hazardous pesticide (carbofuran) from watershed

The present study explored the applicability of torrefied and unmodified Capsicum Annuam biochar (CABC) for the removal of carbofuran from its aqueous streams. The developed biochar at low temperature pyrolysis (300°C) attained a surface area and pore volume of 32.07 m^2⁄g and 0.064〖cm〗^3/g, respectively. The biochar was characterized for its physico-chemical transformation. It was observed that aromatic and hydroxyl groups present in the CABC were responsible for the sorption of carbofuran. The efficacy of carbofuran removal was examined by varying the process variables such as carbofuran concentration, sorption time, pH and adsorbent dosage. The investigation on isothermal models suggested a monolayer adsorption of carbofuran onto homogeneous surface of CABC. While the sorption kinetics is chemical rate controlling mechanism with abundant sorption sites available on the surface and the initial concentration of carbofuran is low compared to the sorption capacities of the CABC. The mass transfer mechanism was studied. The optimization of parameters with central composite design in response surface methodology showed an optimum adsorption uptake value obtained is 134.84 mg⁄g with a desirability value 0.98 with initial concentration as the most influencing parameter.
Identication robust inference for moments based analysis of linear dynamic panel data models

We use identi cation robust tests to show that di¤erence, level and non-linear moment conditions, as proposed by Arellano and Bond (1991), Arellano and Bover (1995), Blundell and Bond (1998) and Ahn and Schmidt (1995) for the linear dynamic panel data model, do not separately identify the autoregressive parameter when its true value is close to one and the variance of the initial observations is large. We prove that combinations of these moment conditions, however, do so when there are more than three time series observations. This identi cation then solely results from a set of, so-called, robust moment conditions. These robust moments are spanned by the combined di¤erence, level and nonlinear moment conditions and only depend on di¤erenced data. We show that, when only the robust moments contain identifying information on the autoregressive parameter, the discriminatory power of the Kleibergen (2005) LM test using the combined moments is identical to the largest rejection frequencies that can be obtained from solely using the robust moments. This shows that the KLM test implicitly uses the robust moments when only they contain information on the autoregressive parameter. JEL codes: C12, C23, C26 Economics and Research Division (De Nederlandsche Bank) and Amsterdam School of Economics (University of Amsterdam). Email: m.j.g.bun@uva.nl. The research of the author has been funded by the NWO Vernieuwingsimpuls research grant Causal Inference with Panel Data. yAmsterdam School of Economics, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 11, 1018 WB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Email: f.r. kleibergen@uva.nl. Acknowledgements: We thank the editor Peter Phillips, co-editor Guido Kuersteiner, two anonymous referees, Manuel Arellano, Richard Blundell, Steve Bond, Peter Boswijk, Geert Dhaene, Frank Windmeijer and participants of seminars at Bristol, CEMFI, CORE, the Cowles Summer Conference at Yale, the EC meeting in Maastricht, Groningen, Leuven, Monash, the 19-th International conference on panel data in London, Oxford, the Tinbergen Institute in Amsterdam, Toulouse and UCL for helpful comments and discussion.
Surgical management of pediatric inguinal hernia repair

Background: Inguinal hernia (IH) is considered the most common surgical procedure performed in pediatric patients. IH is more prominent in males. Objective: The purpose of this study to investigate the epidemiology and outcomes of IH in our center. Methods: A fiveyear retrospective study carried out at, Tabuk, SA since 2015 in all the patients who underwent to IH repair. Results: This study included 150 patients who underwent surgical management for an IH. Males were more prominent. A 40% of patients were preterm. Approximately half of the patients were delivered with a low birth weight (LBW). Most of the patients were younger than one year (59.3%). Right IH is the most common side. Incarcerated hernia was reported in 7 patients (4.7%), and a strangulating hernia was reported in 2 patients (1.3%). However, an obstructed hernia was only reported in one patient (0.7%). Postoperative complications were not observed in the majority of patients. Conclusion: In the present study, the presentation of IH was more frequent in children younger than one year in age. Approximately half patient delivered with LBW.
Criteria for Successful Salvage of Failing Autogenous Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Fistulae Using balloon Angioplasty

Background: Hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula dysfunction is a big challenging problem. Maintenance of this vascular access is one of corner stones in the care of patients with end stage renal disease. Ballooning angioplasty is the first line of salvage of failing arteriovenous fistula (AVF) due to stenosis of venous outflow. Aim: This prospective study aims at exploring factors affecting the outcome of ballooning angioplasty of failing arteriovenous fistula and postulating criteria for success of intervention. Methods: 40 ANALYSIS 24(105), September October, 2020 Medical Science ISSN 2321–7359 EISSN 2321–7367
Forage tannins in ruminant nutrition

Chemically distinct, hydrolysable and more stable condensed type of tannins have been identified in forages. The values depend on the analytical method used. Factors affecting tannin content of foliage were: climatic factors (higher in tropical species and under drier conditions), soil fertility, species (shrubs and tree species having higher levels than pasture types), stage of growth (less mature having higher levels) and plant part of significance was the accessibility to browsing and the act itself resulting in higher tannin levels, recognized as a defense mechanism mediated from affected plants to others through ethylene produced due to browsing to increase tannin levels in unaffected plants to discourage browsing. Younger parts and those accessible for browsing having higher levels are other defense mechanisms. Proline in saliva of deer binds with tannin in shrubs and tree species offering a counter mechanism by browsers while the saliva of grazers (cattle and sheep) is proline-free. Depending on the level of tannins in a diet, the effect may vary from beneficial (2-4%) through antinutritional (5-9%) to toxic and lethal (>9%). Effects are mainly due to complexing with enzymes/protein thereby reducing rumen NH 3 , microbial activity, nitrogen and dietary dry matter utilization, resulting in decreased intake and animal performance. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in feed preferentially binding condensed tannins improved the utilization of protein more than that of the dry matter with the effect being greater at higher tannin levels. Split compared to single dose PEG seemed more effective. Limited evidence indicated that PEG promotes selection and intake of high tannin forages. Attempts to improve silage quality using tannins have also been reported.
Institutional Quality, Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth: Causality Evidence from Nigeria

The study examines the causal interactions among the institutional, financial and inclusive growth variables by employing Toda-Yamamoto (TY) Granger non-causality test within the augmented VAR framework. Annual time series, data from 1998 to 2017, were used. The TY analysis showed that all the variables, with the exception of financial inclusion index, Granger-caused inclusive growth, but without any evidence of feedback. However, a bidirectional causal relationship was found between inclusive finance and the interaction of institutional quality and financial inclusion. Thus, the null hypothesis of block exogeneity can be refuted when real GDP per person employed (RGDPE) is taken as the dependent variable. This implies that while the effects of institutional quality could vary widely in an economy, institutional quality appears to be the dominant driving force behind inclusive growth. It is, therefore, recommended that institutional improvement, beyond the present liberal democratic threshold, is much needed to effectively harness the human capital resource-base. The Nigerian government should adopt a labourintensive development strategy, such that poor active households are comprehensively integrated into productive activities for optimal value-chain finance-growth inclusiveness. This should be able to address the protracted tripartite socio-economic problems of poverty, inequality and unemployment in line with Lin’s comparative advantage conforming hypothesis.
Monetary Policy Transparency and Anchoring of Inflation Expectations in India

This study provides a measure of the degree of monetary policy transparency in India using text-mining techniques and, examines the impact of transparency on anchoring of inflation expectations. Inflation expectations are sourced from two RBI surveys Survey of Professional Forecasters and Survey of Inflation Expectations of Households. The transparency level appears to have increased substantially since India adopted a flexible inflation targeting framework. Further, we assess if improved transparency has any impact on the degree of anchoring of inflation expectations. Though the expectation anchoring has been defined in several ways in the literature, we describe the concept in terms of sensitivity of expectations to available information. In this process, depending on the underlying information set, we consider the aspect of expectation anchoring in three categories, viz., weakform, semi-strong-form and strong-form, and focused on the weak-form for empirical analysis. We find that the enhanced transparency is associated with improved weakform anchoring of inflation expectations by professional forecasters well within the inflation tolerance band. Households' expectations are also found to be anchored in weak-form but at a level higher than the inflation target. JEL Classification: E500, E520, E580
A stable and more efficient doubly robust estimator

Under the assumption of missing at random, doubly robust (DR) estimators are consistent when either the propensity score or the outcome model is correctly specified. However, despite its appealing theoretic properties, Kang and Schafer (2007) show that the usual augmented inverse probability weighted (AIPW) DR estimator may sometimes exhibit unsatisfying behavior. We propose an alternative DR method for mean estimation. In this method, we do not directly weight outcomes by the inverse of estimated propensity scores and instead a nonparametric kernel regression is used to model residuals from an outcome regression model as a function of propensity scores. The proposed method does not suffer from the instability issue of the usual inverse propensity weighted (IPW) estimator resulted from small estimated propensities. We show that asymptotically the new estimator has the double robustness property. Moreover, we show that it is guaranteed to be more efficient than the usual AIPW DR estimator when the propensity score model is correct but the outcome model is incorrect. Our simulation studies show that it has improved finite sample performance compared to existing DR estimators. Statistica Sinica: Newly accepted Paper (accepted author-version subject to English editing)
Toxicity of selective insecticides against sap sucking insect pests of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

The most devastating cotton crop pests including sucking insect pests like jassid, Amrasca biguttula and aphid, Aphis gossypii. The severe attack of these sucking pests in Pakistan causes yield losses of about 28 percent to the cotton crop. Chemical control such as the use of various insecticides is mainly practiced to minimize yield losses in cotton crops. Here we evaluated the toxicity of some selective insecticides under field conditions to screen out an effective insecticide against these sucking insect pests of cotton. The insecticides tested were imidacloprid 250ml/acre, acetamiprid 150ml/acre, nitenpyram 200ml/acre, movento 250ml/acre, buprofezin 600gm/acre and chlorfenapyr 225ml/acre. The results of this study revealed that all the insecticides tested were effective against A. gossypii, after 96 hours of spray, except buprofezin and movento, the other insecticides caused immature and adult mortality. Nitenpyram and buprofezin exhibited the highest mortality rate of adult aphids after 24 h of spray. When spraying nitenpyram@200ml/acre, acetamiprid@ 150ml/acre, and imidacloprid@250ml/acre, the highest mortality of A. biguttula adults was recorded after 96 hours of spray. Imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, and buprofezin were statistically equally effective at the immature stage with mortality of A. biguttula after 96 hours of spraying. In addition, acetamiprid and nitenpyram were more effective after 24 hours of spray, but imidacloprid, chlorfenapyr, movento, and buprofezin were less effective and showed low mortality at immature A. biguttula stage.
Adaptive RBF Neural Network Control of Pneumatic Servo System

With the development of control theory and the pneumatic element, the application of pneumatic systems has attracted more attention because of the performance to price ratio improvement. Despite of these, there are still challenge to deal with the nonlinearity of the system, the uncertainty of the parameters, the input saturation and the unknown control direction in the tracking control of pneumatic system. In this paper, the nonlinearity and model uncertainty are treated with adaptive radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), meanwhile, the unknown control direction and input saturation are dealt with the Nussbaum function and Gauss error function, respectively. The stability of the designed controller is proved by Lyapunov theory. Finally, the experimental and comparison results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
Corporate Governance Index of Banks In Bangladesh And Its Determinants

This paper examines the extent to which the commercial banks of Bangladesh listed in Dhaka Stock Exchange comply with the voluntary Code of Corporate Governance. It measures the corporate governance index (CGI) of these banks and assesses the parameters that explain the value of CGI. It has found that the average CGI score of these banks is 86.52% but the determinants like profitability of banks, their age, and the type of auditors of their accounts have little effect in variation of the CGI score. The findings also suggest that although the banks appear to have reasonably good records in terms of compliance of mandatory provisions of the code of corporate governance, they are reluctant to comply with the voluntary provisions of the code and they perform poor in maintaining credit discipline. Based on findings, the paper made some conclusions that may lead to recommendations of taking a few steps in order to enhance the corporate governance standards in the banks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 02-12-2017 Date of acceptance: 11-12-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assessment of the Protective Potential of Annona senegalensis Leaf Extract against Selected Fungal Pathogens of Sorghum, Tomato and Okra Seeds

The aim of this study was to access the protective potential of Annona senegalensis leaf extract against selected fungal pathogens of selected seedlings (sorghum, tomato and okra). Prior to use, the seeds were surfaced sterilized and viability test carried out. In the study, the effective concentration of the extract, optimum soaking time in the extract and infective concentration of the fungal pathogens were determined. The outcome of the effective concentration of the extract revealed the germination percentage of the sorghum seeds to range from 71% to 93.36%. For the okra seeds the result ranged from 38% to 86%, while for that of the tomato seeds the germination profile was observed to range from 28.5% to 71%. With respect to the optimum soaking time, the end result for the germination of the sorghum seeds was seen to be high at100 % which were recorded in most of the soaking time seen at 30 min, 90 min, 120min, 180 min, 210 min. Lowest value of 78.5 % was seen at 240 min soaking time in the extract. In the case of tomato seeds, the germination result revealed a variation from 28.5 % to 71 %, with the lowest and highest seen at soaking time of 240 min and 30 min respectively. The study was able to reveal the protective potential of the extract of the seeds against the fungal pathogens.