Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DMSO_A_234382 763..773

Mezgebu Legesse Habte Daniel Seifu Melka Maria Degef 2 MKC Menon Helen Yifter Teka Obsa Feyisa 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harmaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Department of Medical Endocrinology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an epidemic disease affecting millions worldwide; the majority being type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetes mellitus has been shown to be an important risk factor for the development of a variety of cardiovascular diseases, which are becoming common in Ethiopia. Consequently, risk-reducing statin therapy is recommended for nearly all patients with T2DM at 40 years of age or older regardless of cholesterol level. However, some controversies exist regarding its safety. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the levels of lipid profile, liver enzymes, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) among T2DM patients on statin therapy. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 100 T2DM patients. The study participants were divided into four groups consisting of equal numbers of participants (n = 25). Group I, II, and III were T2DM patients who were on statin therapy for 14 days–6 months, 6–18 months and ˃18 months, respectively. Group IV consisted of T2DM patients who were not on statin therapy. Convenient sampling technique was implemented till the required number had been achieved. Sociodemographic data was collected by using a standardized questionnaire. Fasting blood was collected and lipid profile, liver enzymes, CK-MB, LDH and fasting blood sugar were analyzed. Data was entered using epi-data and analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc multiple comparison tests using SPSS V. 20.00. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Themean values of total cholesterol and TAGwere significantly lower among group III as compared to group I (P-values = 0.019 & 0.01). Similarly, LDL-c was significantly lower among group III as compared to group I (P=0.022) andgroup IV (P=0.027). Serum liver enzymes,CK-MB and LDH were not significantly different among the study groups (P > 0.05). The mean values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST were found within normal range while mean ALP was higher in all study groups. Fastingbloodglucose valuewas not significantly different among the study groups, but higher than normal cut-off value in all groups. Conclusion: Statin therapy taken for a longer time has an effect in lowering total cholesterol, LDLc and TAG in T2DM patients. Statin therapy has not brought significant change on CK-MB, LDH, liver enzymes and other parameters among T2DM patients.
PATTERNED INEQUALITY, COMPOUNDING INJUSTICE, AND ALGORITHMIC PREDICTION

Large datasets and novel statistical methods have given rise to a new wave of predictive algorithms that increasingly guide all manner of public and private decisions. Many (though not all) of these new-age predictive tools are generated by yet other algorithms —that is, by automated processes that scour a dataset for patterns and thereby construct a function for predicting, as best as the data permits, what will transpire in future cases. These predictive tools promise both vital information and refreshing objectivity: They avoid many of the recurring mistakes made by human predictors, and, of course, they hold
Strain manipulation of vortex core in bi-component magnetic nanodisks

Magnetic vortex as one of the quintessentially non-uniform magnetic structure that can be found to commonly exist in micrometer or submicrometer sized ferromagnetic thin films. Here, we present that the vortex core can be efficiently expelled from the central region and excited into gyrotropic motion by using a voltage induced strain in bi-component magnetic nanodisks. In particular, the polarity can be deterministic switched by proper modulation the amplitude and frequency of applied voltage. The related results of micromagnetic simulations indicated that the magnetic vortex polarity is reversed through the nucleation-annihilation process of topological vortex-antivortex pairs or rotation-fusion edge soliton pairs. This voltage-controlled low-power vortex polarity switching scheme has the ability to accurately address individual magnets in dense arrays and also is compatible with integrated circuit techniques, which provides an additional route for the design of vortex-based on-chip devices.
Is in vivo sensing in a total hip replacement a possibility? A review on past systems and future challenges

Surgery to implant a total hip replacement (THR) is very successful in reducing pain and restoring function. This procedure has become more prevalent, and projections estimate further increases in demand. However, complications can arise, and current diagnostic techniques often fail to expose underlying issues before they result in a catastrophic failure that requires revision surgery. An instrumented implant, with embedded sensors capable of real time condition monitoring, would be an attractive proposition to incorporate within a THR. Continued advances in the performance and miniaturisation of electronic components, embedded systems, sensing and wireless communications have given the tools and resources medical device manufacturers need to innovate in the field of implantable medical devices. Smart implants are already being widely used in healthcare including pacemakers, cochlear implants, glucose monitors and insulin pumps however, a widely used smart THR has not yet been realised. Since the implantation of the first instrumented hip implant in the 1960s there have been several in vitro studies monitoring levels of implant loosening. Additionally, significant research has been conducted using instrumented THRs to perform in vivo measurement of biomechanical metrics, including force and moments. To date less than 100 patients have successfully received an instrumented implant. The results of these studies have aided researchers, designers and surgeons in wider research projects, however, the motivation behind the work was to provide discrete biomechanical data sets and not provide real-time condition monitoring of an implants performance or highlight early indications for revision surgery. If in vivo sensing within a THR is to be achieved and adopted in regular clinical practice then the following challenges need to be addressed: choice of the sensing method, biocompatibility and integration within the implant, power supply, communication, and regulatory considerations.
Prevalence and Clinical Features of Seizure Attacks in Psychiatric Wards: A Local Review

Introduction: Behavioral and cognitive dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with recurrent seizures and represents an important challenge in treating these patients. In the present assessment the incidence and clinical profile of seizure attacks have been probed among a great sample of non-western psychiatric inpatients and compared with the available data in literature regarding prevalence and other associated clinical physiognomies Methods: All inpatients that had suffered seizure attack during the last sixty-four months had been included in the present study. Clinical diagnosis, as well, was in essence based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Results: While epilepsy had been identified as the primary cause of seizure (82.92%), 17.64% of them had experienced their first attacks during hospitalization. Annual incidence of seizure in psychiatric iseizure; epilepsy; schizophrenia; mood disorder; neuropsychiatry.npatients, on the whole, was around 0.07%. It was almost 0.06 in identified epileptic cases and about 0.01% with respect to the first time unprovoked epileptic attack. Also, the seizure attacks were significantly more prevalent among male psychiatric inpatients than female patients. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were significantly more prevalent than substance abuse, schizoaffective and depression, as comorbid psychiatric disorders among patients who had suffered seizure attacks, generally, and known cases of epilepsy, particularly. Conclusion: While, etiologically, epilepsy had been identified as the primary cause of seizure in psychiatric inpatients, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were significantly more prevalent, as comorbid psychiatric disorders, in comparison with other primary psychiatric illnesses. Male gender, as well, could be considered as a risk factor.
Family History of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Background: The ongoing search for a candidate endophenotype (immediate biomarkers) of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) could contribute to identifying underlying genetic contributions. Disrupted cotico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuits are believed to mediate dysfunctions of executive functioning (EF) seen in patients with OCD, such as, planning, inhibition and organisational strategies. For neuropsychological impairments to be a definable endophenotype, they should be independent of symptomology (trait-like) and exist in unaffected relatives. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate EF deficits and obsessive compulsive (OC) traits in university students with a family history (FH) of OCD in order to establish whether impairments were independent of any OC traits. Methods: 13 healthy university students with a first-degree and/or second-degree FH of OCD and 17 healthy control underwent a neuropsychological testing battery and an assessment examining OC symptomology. Results: Students with a first and/or second-degree FH showed impairments in the Tower of London (ToL) test. Students with firstdegree FH, but not second-degree FH, were unable to visually organise the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF). Immediate and delayed recall of the ROCF was comparable to the control as well as intact Stroop performance. OC traits did not correlate with EF performance in any of the neuropsychological tests. Furthermore, a multiple-regression analysis demonstrated OCD FH was the only significant predictor of poor performance in the ToL and impaired organisation of the ROCF. OC traits did not account for a significant amount of variance. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that impaired planning and organisational deficits indicate trait endophenotypes of OCD. The implication of these findings and scope for future research are discussed.
NDT_A_247161 1051..1058

Anastasiia S Boiko 1 Irina A Mednova 1 Elena G Kornetova 1,2 Nikolay A Bokhan 1,3 Arkadiy V Semke 1 Anton JM Loonen 4 Svetlana A Ivanova 1,3 1Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation; 2Hospital, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation; 3Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Russian Federation; 4PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Background: Both dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) and cortisol are secreted by the adrenal glands and may modulate metabolic syndrome (MetS), which often affects the health of patients with schizophrenia. The relationship between the serum levels of these hormones and MetS has not been established. Purpose: In this pilot study, we investigated the serum levels in schizophrenia patients with and without MetS and compared them with those in healthy volunteers. Patients and Methods: After obtaining informed consent, 110 patients with acute paranoid schizophrenia were recruited directly after admission to the Mental Health Research Institute. The control group consisted of 51 persons reported on questioning to be mentally and somatically healthy. Blood samples to prepare serum were drawn after an 8-h overnight fast during one of the first days of admission. Serum cortisol and DHEAS concentrations were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A total of 42 patients had MetS and 68 patients were without MetS. The cortisol blood level was significantly (p = 0.012) higher in schizophrenia patients without MetS in comparison to healthy controls, while patients with schizophrenia and a MetS have significantly (p = 0.014) lower DHEAS levels than healthy volunteers. These differences could, however, exclusively be attributed to female participants. Analysis of covariance adjusted for gender and age demonstrated a significant relationship between age and DHEAS levels (F = 9.512, р = 0.003). Conclusion: Lower DHEAS serum levels in relationship to MetS become evident in women, but not in men, and have age differences as a confounding factor.
Determinants of Demand for Credit among Wheat and Teff Smallholder Farmers in Central of Ethiopia(Arsi and South West Shewa)

The greatest challenge to food security is low productivity emanating from slow growth in the agricultural sector and one of the reasons for this is little or no access to financial resources by producers. This paper assesses the determinants of farmer’s credit demand among wheat and teff farmers in Central parts of Ethiopia. We pay particular attention to identifying credit demanded by smallholder farmers. The qualitative and quantitative types of data were collected from primary sources of data randomly from 150 teff growers. Multiple regression models were used to analysis the determinate of demand for credit by small holder’s farmers. The impacts of household characteristics on credit demand, we estimate a multiple regression model.There is no uniform access to formal credit across rural communes in Ethiopia, although quantitative rationing does exist. The results showed that demand for credit by teff smallholders are affected positively by education status, dependency ratio, low interest rate, farm size and long payment period, while the sources of loan if it is business partner affected the amount of credit demanded by teff farmers negatively. The amount of credit demanded by wheat farmers were affected negatively by sex and sources of loan if it is business partner, whereas independent variables such as education status, farm size, long repayment period, low interest rate and access to training were affecting amount of credit demanded by wheat farmers positively. The problem of limited screening power and asymmetric information is revealed in the result that the further the distance from a commune to a bank branch, the less likely a formal bank will lend to residents of that commune. Prediction of formal credit demand is estimated reducing over the years suggesting lack of investment opportunity for rural households. With respect to policy implications, the study suggested that the government could expand other programs like job creation or vocational training, and could introduce a policy calling for more investment in far and distant rural areas to enable farmers’ access to credit.
TCRM_A_246565 357..368

Wei Chai Xiangpeng Kong Minzhi Yang 1,2 Ken Lee Puah 3 Peifu Tang Jiying Chen 1Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore Background: Conversion of arthrodesed hips to total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains technically demanding. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of robotassisted THA in arthrodesed hips. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 45 ankylosing spondylitis patients with hip arthrodesis in the Chinese PLA General Hospital between August 2018 and August 2019. All surgeries were carried out by one single surgeon. The patients were followed at 3 months after surgery. Gender, body mass index, angle of hip arthrodesis, operating time, intraoperative fluoroscopic times, postoperative length of hospitalization, cup positioning, postoperative leg length discrepancy, offset discrepancy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and postoperative Harris Hip Score were collected for all patients. Results: Twenty-two patients (35 hips) who underwent robot-assisted THA and 23 patients (37 hips) who underwent manual THAwere enrolled in this study. There were no significant differences in demographics and arthrodesed angles between the two groups. The fluoroscopic times during manual THA were significantly higher than those during robot-assisted THA (2.16±1.61 vs 0.47±0.61, respectively, p=0.000). In the robotic group, the percentage of acetabular cups within the safe zone was significantly greater than in the manual group (94.29% vs 67.56%, respectively, p=0.042). For manual THA, the anteversions were significantly different between the left and right sides (21.14±7.86 vs 16.00±6.32, respectively, p=0.042); however, no such significant difference was found in robot-assisted THA. Conclusion: Compared with manual THA for arthrodesed hips, robot-assisted THA had significant advantages in improving the frequency of achieving cup positioning within the target zone with diminished radiation dose and no increase in operating time.
Thinking about the media: a review of theory and research on media perceptions, media effects perceptions, and their consequences

This review explicates the past, present and future of theory and research concerning audience perceptions of the media as well as the effects that perceptions of media have on audiences. Before the sections that examine media perceptions and media effects perceptions, we first identify various psychological concepts and processes involved in generating media-related perceptions. In the first section, we analyze two types of media perceptions: media trust/credibility perceptions and bias perceptions, focusing on research on the Hostile Media Perception. In both cases, we address the potential consequences of these perceptions. In the second section, we assess theory and research on perceptions of media effects (often referred to as Presumed Influence) and their consequences (referred to as the Influence of Presumed Influence). As examples of Presumed Influence, we evaluate the literature on the Persuasive Press Inference and the Third-Person Perception. The bodies of research on media perceptions and media effects perceptions have been featured prominently in the top journals of the field of mass communication over the past 20 years. Here we bring them together in one synthetic theoretical review. Suggested citation: McLeod, D. M. , Wise, D. , & Perryman, M. (2017). Thinking about the media: A review of theory and research on media perceptions, media effects perceptions, and their consequences. Review of Communication Research , 5 , 35-83. doi:10.12840/issn.2255-4165.2017. 05.01. 013
The Effect of Ozone on Aflatoxin M1, Oxidative Stability, Carotenoid Content and the Microbial Count of Milk

ABSTRACT In the current investigation, attempts were made to determine if ozone treatment can affect the aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) content of milk. Aflatoxin M1 by a pre-determined concentration of 0.56 μg/Kg was added to milk. Milk samples, were then exposed to gaseous ozone (80 mg/min) in containers for durations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 min. The longer exposure time to ozone was more efficient in breaking down the AFM1 in milk. Results indicated that AFM1 was reduced by 50%, when milk was ozonated at for 5 min. The pH and oxidation value of milk did not change significanty as a result of the treatments. The β-carotene content was significantly reduced and the total microbial count in milk decreased parallel to the longer exposure time. Also, it was through this longer exposure time by ozone that the L* values of milk increased significantly (p < 0.05), while the b* values significantly decreased. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that uses ozone to degrade AFM1 in milk.
Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Prospects

: Despite advances, patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) still have poor long-term survival. Identi ﬁ cation of molecular subtypes is important to guide therapy through standard treatment pathways and holds promise for the development of new treatments. Following standard ﬁ rst- and second-line chemotherapy plus targeted agents, many patients retain a reasonable performance status, and thus are seeking further effective treatment to extend life and maintain symptom control. The challenge lies in selecting the most appropriate therapy in the third- and fourth-line settings, from a range of options including the relatively new oral agents TAS-102 and regorafenib, or rechallenge with previous chemotherapy or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAB). Beyond this, therapy consists of trials involving novel agents and new combinations of treatments with theoretical synergy and/or non-overlapping toxicity. There is a great focus on enhancing immunogenicity in mCRC, to re ﬂ ect the impressive results of immunotherapy drugs in the small cohort with mismatch repair de ﬁ cient (dMMR) mCRC. Rare molecular subtypes of mCRC are increasingly being identi ﬁ ed, including Her2 -positive disease, NTRK fusions and others. Clinical trials exploring the ef ﬁ cacy of immunomodula-tory and precision agents are plentiful and will hopefully yield clinically meaningful results that can be rapidly translated into routine care.
Self-Efficacy of Adolescents with Thalassemia Major

Background: Adolescents suffering from chronic disease as thalassemia major are more susceptible for social, psychological, and physical barriers. Those barriers are generally more likely to be overcome if affected adolescents have a high level of self-efficacy. This study Aimed to assess self-efficacy of adolescents with thalassemia major. A descriptive research Design: was used to perform this study. A convenience sampling of (80) adolescents with thalassemia major attending the Thalassemia Center at Assiut University Children Hospital was selected. Data were collected by utilizing Two Tools: Tool (1):A structured Questionnaire Interview Sheet, Tool (2):The SelfEfficacy Scale. Results of this study revealed that the majority of the studied adolescents (80.0%) had low selfefficacy levels. The study results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference as regards self-efficacy levels and number of siblings (p= 0.02). Conclusion: The present study emphasized low self-efficacy levels among adolescents with thalassemia major. So the study recommended that health education programs for adolescents with thalassemia major are indicated to increase their knowledge about the disease and how to cope with it.
Turbulent Business Cycles

Firm-level evidence suggests that turbulence that reshuffles firms’ productivity rankings rises sharply in recessions. An increase in turbulence reallocates labor and capital from high-to low-productivity firms, reducing aggregate TFP and the stock market value of firms. A real business cycle model with heterogeneous firms and financial frictions can generate the observed macroeconomic and reallocation effects of turbulence. In the model, increased turbulence makes high-productivity firms less likely to remain productive, reducing their expected equity values and tightening their borrowing constraints relative to low-productivity firms. This leads to a reallocation that reduces aggregate TFP. Unlike uncertainty, turbulence changes both the conditional mean and the conditional variance of the firm productivity distribution, enabling a turbulence shock to generate a recession with synchronized declines in aggregate activities.