Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Productivity and nutrition of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge stabilized by different processes

The objective of this study was to evaluate production in castor bean crop treated with sewage sludge (SS) subjected to different stabilization processes. The experiment was conducted in a Cambisol, with a randomized block design, in subdivided plots, with four replications and six main treatments: without fertilization; fertilization with solarized, composted, vermicomposted, or limed SS; and mineral fertilizer. The secondary treatment was soil depth or plant part. Soil and plant attributes were evaluated by comparing the treatments using the Scott–Knott test (P ≤ 0.05). The fertilization with limed SS resulted in a greater increase in soil fertility-related attributes than with the other fertilizers. The fertilizations increased the P, K, Ca, Mg, and S levels; pH; sum of bases; cation exchange capacity; and the percentage of exchangeable bases in the upper soil layer in comparison to that in the lower layer; however, in general, there was no influence on nutrient content in the plant. Regardless of the stabilization process, fertilization with SS generated castor bean seed yields ranging from 2.56 to 3.02 t ha-1, similar to that with mineral fertilization and higher than that of unfertilized soil.
Project Control: Literature Review

A project control system aims to minimize the gap between project planning and project execution in order to achieve project aims, i.e., cost, time, and content. This paper reviews the current literature on project control systems. The first part provides an overview of the nature and importance of project control. The second part deals with current project control tools and techniques, followed by a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of these systems.
Nucleic Acid Thermodynamics Derived from Mechanical Unzipping Experiments

Force-spectroscopy techniques have led to significant progress in studying the physicochemical properties of biomolecules that are not accessible in bulk assays. The application of piconewton forces with laser optical tweezers to single nucleic acids has permitted the characterization of molecular thermodynamics and kinetics with unprecedented accuracy. Some examples are the hybridization reaction between complementary strands in DNA and the folding of secondary, tertiary, and other heterogeneous structures, such as intermediate and misfolded states in RNA. Here we review the results obtained in our lab on deriving the nearest-neighbor free energy parameters in DNA and RNA duplexes from mechanical unzipping experiments. Remarkable nonequilibrium effects are also observed, such as the large irreversibility of RNA unzipping and the formation of non-specific secondary structures in single-stranded DNA. These features originate from forming stem-loop structures along the single strands of the nucleic acid. The recently introduced barrier energy landscape model quantifies kinetic trapping effects due to stem-loops being applicable to both RNA and DNA. The barrier energy landscape model contains the essential features to explain the many behaviors observed in heterogeneous nucleic-acid folding.
Management of proximal rectus femoris injuries – do we know what we’re doing?: A systematic review

Rectus femoris (RF) injury is a concern in sports. The management RF strains/tears and avulsion injuries need to be clearly outlined. A systematic review of literature on current management strategies for RF injuries, and to ascertain the efficacy thereof by the return to sport (RTS) time and re-injury rates. Literature search using Medline via PubMed, WorldCat, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus. Eligible studies were reviewed. Thirty-eight studies involving hundred and fifty-two participants were included. Majority (n = 138; 91%) were males, 80% (n = 121) sustained RF injury from kicking and 20% (n = 31) during sprinting. The myotendinous (MT), (n = 27); free tendon (FT), (n = 34), and anterior-inferior iliac spine (AIIS), (n = 91) were involved. Treatment was conservative (n = 115) or surgical (n = 37) across the subgroups. 73% (n = 27) of surgical treatments followed failed conservative treatment. The mean RTS was shorter with successful conservative treatment (MT: 1, FT: 4, AIIS avulsion: 2.9 months). Surgical RTS ranged from 2–9 months and 18 months with labral involvement. With either group, there was no re-injury within 24 months follow-up. With low certainty of evidence RF injury occurs mostly from kicking, resulting in a tear or avulsion at the FT and AIIS regions with or without a labral tear. With low certainty, findings suggest that successful conservative treatment provides a shortened RTS. Surgical treatment remains an option for failed conservative treatment of RF injuries across all subgroups. High-level studies are recommended to improve the evidence base for the treatment of this significant injury.
Documenting the Routine Burden of Devalued Difference in the Professional Workplace

Professional workplaces that embody an “ideal worker” image that is implicitly white and male set-up persistent biases against the competence and suitability for authority of those who are not white men, forcing them to work harder to prove their competence and fit in. The added labor of coping with these burdens is largely invisible to dominant actors in the workplace who do not experience them. To facilitate change by making such burdens visible for all, we present data from a survey of 1,349 architects, including white, Asian, Black, Latinx, and mixed race/other underrepresented men and women, about their specific behavioral experiences of prove-it-again (competence) bias, tightrope (authority) bias, problems of fit, exclusion, emotion work, and interruptions. Across all measures, white men architects report significantly lower levels of these burdens than do women of any race and almost all non-white men. Consistent with status expectations and stereotype prototypicality theories, we find intersectional patterns in the relative burdens experienced by women and men of different racial groups. Gender differences in bias experiences are greatest among white, less among Asian, and least among Black architects. Women of color report the highest levels of bias overall.
Investigating the Intention to Adopt Telecommuting during COVID-19 Outbreak: An Integration of TAM and TPB with Risk Perception

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak has spawned a wave of telecommuting all over the world. Based on Technology Acceptance Mode (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this paper investigates how the external technical factors (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) and internal personal factors (risk perception, including perceived severity and perceived susceptibility) influence telecommuting using intention in the context of COVID-19 outbreak. Our findings suggest that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use strongly affect user’s favorable attitude towards telecommuting. The results also support previous research in the TPB field, as attitude, normative influence, and perceived behavioral control all have a significant positive impact on the adoption of telecommuting. In addition, the hypotheses that perceived severity positively relates to attitude and normative influence are supported. However, perceived susceptibility has a positive impact on normative influence, but has no significant effect on attitude. Finally, the pivotal role of normative influence in the formation of telecommuting using intention is verified, as it has a strong positive influence on both attitude and perceived behavioral control. On this basis, the implications of telecommuting business management and pandemic risk management are discussed.
Assessment of Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

(1) Background: The brainstem plays an essential role in the early stage of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but it is not widely tested in clinical examinations of PD. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are recognized as fundamental tools in the assessment of brainstem function. The aim of our meta-analysis was to assess the abnormal findings of VEMPs in patients with PD. (2) Methods: Up to 14 February 2022, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to evaluate VEMPs in patients with PD in comparison with respective controls. The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022311103). (3) Results: A total of 15 studies were finally included in our meta-analysis. The absence rates of VEMPs in patients with PD were significantly higher than those of control groups (cVEMP: OR = 6.77; oVEMP: OR = 13.9; mVEMP: OR = 7.52). A delayed P13 latency, a decreased peak-to-peak amplitude, and an increased AAR of cVEMP, and a delayed oVEMP P15 latency were also found in patients with PD. (4) Conclusions: Our meta-analysis indicates abnormal VEMP findings in patients with PD, revealing the dysfunction of the brainstem in PD. VEMP tests, especially cVEMP tests, could be a helpful method for the early detection of PD.
Machine Learning Algorithms Are Applied in Nanomaterial Properties for Nanosecurity

Large and complicated datasets may now be generated utilising device reading machine learning approaches, which can subsequently be used to model and study substances in a variety of ways, along with people who require robotics and automation. For data analysis, there was a delay in implementing device learning methodologies since nanomaterials have not yet achieved the overall benefits of automation. There has been an explosion in the number of tools available for learning about nanomaterials, but there are still significant roadblocks in the way of actually putting those tools to use in a practical way. The homes of nanoparticles can be examined and anticipated with the help of system learning algorithms, and this painting shows how classic and deep system mastery techniques may be done to preserve nanomaterials. Among the topics covered are the history of nanoprotection, as well as a forecast for the future of artificial intelligence’s (AI) role in the field in the near future.
Integration Intelligent Estimators to Disturbance Observer to Enhance Robustness of Active Magnetic Bearing Controller

One of the essential components of rotary systems is bearing which is supporting load of rotor. Active magnetic bearings can remove contact point between rotor and supports by magnetic force. Controlling magnetic force is key point of this system to keep mechanical balancing of rotor. Due to high revolution speed of rotors, disturbances produce instability. The Disturbance Observer Algorithm (DO) is an approach to reduce effects of disturbances. The DO Controller was combined to generic PID Controller to improve performance of AMB. In DO, estimation mass is vital to enhance stability and accuracy of that. So, artificial neural network and iterative learning were hybridized to DO as intelligent techniques in estimation mass. Simulation assessment reveals iterative learning showed superior results in terms of accuracy and stability of AMB responses to the disturbances.
Analysis of the geometric characteristics of clinothems and the relationship with shelf‐edge trajectories of the Plio‐Pleistocene continental slope in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

Based on high‐quality two‐dimensional seismic profiles and well data, the seismic reflection characteristics from the late Pliocene and Pleistocene succession of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the South China Sea have been analysed. The result will help in understanding the sedimentological development of slope areas. Twenty coeval clinothems are recognized and four major clinothem types are distinguished. In addition, three types of shelf‐edge trajectories are recognized. The various parameters of the clinothems are analysed quantitatively and the relationships between the various clinothem types are studied in combination with the controlling roles. It is concluded that: (i) the shelf‐edge trajectories are related to the type of clinothem; (ii) fluctuations in the relative sea level, in combination with variations in sediment supply, result in different clinothem types and geometric parameters; these parameters show interdependencies; (iii) the alternations of progradation and aggradation of clinothems may provide information of the relative sea level and changes in sediment supply; (iv) some lowstand fans could develop at the foot of the slope in the central–eastern part of the basin when the relative sea level started to fall or began to rise. The results of the present study are consequently significant for further quantitative analyses of the characteristics and development of the continental slope, not only in the Qiongdongnan Basin, but also in other basins.
Mental models, team mental models, and performance: Process, development, and future directions

Since the 1940s, researchers have grappled with the notion of a mental model. The concept is eminently reasonable and somewhat seductive, but presents us with a number of difficulties regarding its incompleteness, multiplicity, and inconsistency. Not the least of these difficulties is the problem of “capturing” (measuring) mental models, and still more difficult, capturing a team mental model, an extension of the earlier term. Once captured, finding an appropriate analytic procedure to analyze team mental models has challenged researchers for a long time. Nonetheless, the literature suggests that the construct is well worth the trouble, with many applied benefits especially to industry. In the present work we set out to (a) review the notion of team mental models (TMM); (b) identify the key concepts and thinking behind their development; (c) demonstrate how they support teamworking performance; and (d) outline a three-phase model of TMM development. Details on TMM measurement are given, before concluding with a discussion of the difficulties facing researchers who wish to study and utilize the notion, and some of the pressing research issues that need investigation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 331–352, 2004.
Growth parameters and responses of green algae across a gradient of phototrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions

Many studies have shown that algal growth is enhanced by organic carbon and algal mixotrophy is relevant for physiology and commercial cultivation. Most studies have tested only a single organic carbon concentration and report different growth parameters which hampers comparisons and improvements to algal cultivation methodology. This study compared growth of green algae Chlorella vulgaris and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii across a gradient of photoautotrophic-mixotrophic-heterotrophic culture conditions, with five acetate concentrations. Culture growth rates and biomass achieved were compared using different methods of biomass estimation. Both species grew faster and produced the most biomass when supplied with moderate acetate concentrations (1–4 g L−1), but light was required to optimize growth rates, biomass yield, cell size and cell chlorophyll content. Higher acetate concentration (10 g L−1) inhibited algal production. The choice of growth parameter and method to estimate biomass (optical density (OD), chlorophyll a fluorescence, flow cytometry, cell counts) affected apparent responses to organic carbon, but use of OD at 600, 680 or 750 nm was consistent. There were apparent trade-offs among exponential growth rate, maximum biomass, and culture time spent in exponential phase. Different cell responses over 1–10 g L−1 acetate highlight profound physiological acclimation across a gradient of mixotrophy. In both species, cell size vs cell chlorophyll relationships were more constrained in photoautotrophic and heterotrophic cultures, but under mixotrophy, and outside exponential growth phase, these relationships were more variable. This study provides insights into algal physiological responses to mixotrophy but also has practical implications for choosing parameters for monitoring commercial algal cultivation.
RE-EXAMINING MONEY MARKET AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS IN NIGERIA: A SVAR MODEL APPROACH

Money market and economic growth nexus has been debated in the literature. This paper therefore re-examines money market impact on economic growth in Nigeria using quarterly data from 2000Q1 to 2018Q4. It utilised the structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model framework to generate the impulse responses, and variance decomposition of economic growth in Nigeria, resulting from shocks to treasury bills, prime lending rate, maximum lending rate, and money supply growth rate. The findings from the structural VAR model suggest that, while shocks to money supply growth, prime- and maximum lending rates have negative instantaneous impacts on economic growth, shocks to treasury bills rate has a positive instantaneous impact on output growth. This evidence will be useful to the monetary authorities to allow policy decisions to run its course before pronouncing a fresh one on the same issue. The development will also help to avoid policy inconsistency. financial markets on the magnitude and direction of economic growth within East Africa. The study examined how the money markets, corporate and Government Bond markets, the stock markets impact on the growth of the economy within East Africa. The study was a systematic review of literature papers in the field of financial markets in East Africa. The findings showed that with better managed financial markets, the spillovers from direct foreign investment can influence great economic development in host countries. It recommended that in developed need to enhance and develop robust financial markets to realise the full potential of foreign direct investment. shocks to variations in DRGDPR rises to about 16.0 per cent and remained stable at about 6.5 per cent for the remaining forecast horizon. The contribution of DMLR shocks to DRGDPR mimics that of DPLR. This further shows that the impact of money market rates on economic growth in Nigeria is less sensitive to the choice of money market rate utilised in the model.
Application of Rice Straw Compost with Different Bioactivators on the Growth and Yield of Rice Plant

Turnover of organic matters to the soil can increase the efficiency of chemical fertilizers, improve the plant growth and sustain the environment. Field experiment was carried out in the Buyut Udik Village, Gunung Sugih District, Central Lampung from May to August 2009. Rice straw was composted by three kinds of decomposer (bioactivator A, B, and C). Rice straw compost (2 Mg ha-1) was applied to the paddy-field soil that was planted by rice (Oryza sativa) of Ciherang Variety. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. The results showed that application of rice straw compost reduced the numbers of empty grain per tiller compared to control (without compost) in which control had the highest percentage of empty grain (15.9%). The application of rice straw compost that was decomposed by bioactivator A gave the highest numbers of grain per panicle and yield per plot as followed 162.5 seed and 33 kg plot-1, respectively. Application of various rice straw composts that were decomposed by three kinds of bioactivator increased the rice grain up to 13-26% compared to control.
Combined Effect of Biochar and Fertilizers on Andean Highland Soils before and after Cropping

Although a number of works present biochar as a promising material for improving the quality of degraded soils, only a few show the effect of this material in soils from the Andean highlands. The objective of this work was twofold: (a) to study the effect of two types of biochars on two agricultural soils commonly found in the Andean highlands (Andisol and Inceptisol) and the corresponding soil–biochar–fertilizer interactions, and, (b) to assess the response to biochar of two vegetable crops (lettuce and radish) grown in succession in a simulated double-cropping system. Biochar was produced at 400 °C and 500 °C, for 1 h (B400 and B500, respectively), using hardwood residues. Properties of biochar that could potentially affect its interaction with soil and water (e.g., functional groups, surface area, elemental composition) were assessed. Experiments were conducted to test for main and interaction effects of biochar type, soil type, and the addition of NPK fertilizer on the soils’ characteristics. Bulk density and water content at field capacity and permanent wilting point were affected by two-way interactions between biochar and soil type. Biochar impacted bulk density and water retention capacity of soils. Higher available water content was found in soils amended with B400 than with B500, which is a consequence of the higher hydrophilicity of B400 compared to B500. After the lettuce crop was planted and harvested, the soil pH was unaffected by the biochar addition. However, after the second crop, the pH in the Inceptisol slightly decreased, whereas the opposite was detected in the Andisol. The CEC of the Inceptisol decreased (e.g., from 36.62 to 34.04 and from 41.16 to 39.11 in the control and in the Inceptisol amended with B400 only) and the CEC of the Andisol increased (e.g., from 74.25 to 90.41 in the control and from 79.61 to 90.80 in the Andisol amended with B400 only). Inceptisol amended only with biochar showed decrease of radish weight, while a large increase was found in B400 + fertilizer Inceptisol (i.e., from 22.9 g to 40.4 g). In Andisol, the weight of radish after the second crop increased in less proportion (i.e., from 43 g in the control to 59.7 g in the B400 + fertilizer Andisol), showing a visible positive impact of B400. The results suggest that biochar produced at 400 °C performs better than biochar produced at 500 °C because B400 apparently promotes a better environment for bacteria growth in the soils, as a consequence of more OH available groups in B400 and its better interaction with water and the fertilizer.
Phylogeography of Chinese cereal cyst nematodes sheds lights on their origin and dispersal

Reconstructing the dispersal routes of pathogens can help identify the key drivers of their evolution and provides a basis for disease control. The cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae is one of the major nematode pests on cereals that can cause 10%–90% crop yield losses worldwide. Through extensive sampling on wheat and grasses, the Chinese population of H. avenae is widely identified in virtually all wheat growing regions in China, with H1 being the predominant haplotype. The monoculture of wheat in north China might have been the key driver for the prevalence of H1 population, which should date no earlier than the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE). Molecular phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of Chinese H. avenae suggest a Pleistocene northwest China origin and an ancestral host of grasses. We assume that the prosperity of Heterodera in this region is a result of their preference for cooler climate and various grass hosts, which only appeared after the uplift of Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau and aridification of Inner Asia. Nematode samples from the current and historical floodplains show a significant role of the Yellow River in the distribution of Chinese H. avenae. Whereas mechanical harvesters that operate on an inter‐provincial basis suggest the importance in the transmission of this species in eastern China in recent times. This study highlights the role of environmental change, river dynamics, and anthropogenic factors in the origin and long‐distance dissemination of pathogens.