Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES OF PROBABLY MALIGNANT ADNEXAL MASSES WITHOUT SIGNS OF ASCITES AND CARCINOMATOSIS

Objective: Our objective was to assess the patients who have probable early stage ovarian cancer. Materal and Method: Between 2010-2018, 208 patients with isolated adnexal masses who underwent surgery due to presumed malignancy were analyzed. We excluded patients with radiologic evidence of ascites and tumour implants. Results: According to the final pathology reports, 52 (25%) of 208 patients had benign tumours, 46 (22%) were borderline, and 110 (53%) patients’ tumours were malignant. The most unexpected benign tumours were serous cystadenofibroma. Of the malignant tumours, 3 were uterine sarcomas, 8 were metastatic ovarian tumours (all gastrointestinal origin), and 99 were primary ovarian cancers. Seventy-six of 99 primary ovarian cancers were epithelial and 23 were nonepithelial. The most common histologic types were respectively serous and endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Seventy-six percent of primary ovarian cancers were early stage (stage 1-2) and 24% were advanced stage (stage 3-4). Conclusion: Patients with a suspicious adnexal mass, even if ascites or carcinomatosis are not existing, have a high rate of malignancy and should be managed considering this risk.
Physical properties and biological activity of methyldopa drug carrier cellulose derivatives. Theoretical study

The complete computational study of the methyldopa drug and its derivatives prodrug 1-4(methyldopa-cellulose (Ce), methyldopa-carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC), methyldopa-maleic anhydride cellulose (MAC)and methyldopa-hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC)) was performed by Density Function theory method with the Becker’s three parameter hybrid functional (B3LYP) functional and 6-31G++ (d, p) basis set using Gaussian 09 program. The Density Function theory (DFT) DFT method is used to calculate the optimal molecular structure, vibrational spectra, highest occupied molecular orbital energies (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies (LUMO), electronic properties (total energy, dipole moment, electronegativity, chemical hardness and softness), biological activity, and molecular surfaces. Using the reaction coordinate method to quantify the energy enthalpy and activation energy of O-R bond rupture. The result shows the derivatives that are hoped to have preference in their use as carriers are (methyldopa-Ce) and (methyldopa-MAC), which gave the drug acid as a product of the O-R bond breaking process in an irreversible reaction.
On the Investigation of Energy Efficient Torque Distribution Strategies through a Comprehensive Powertrain Model

In electric vehicles with multiple motors, the torque at each wheel can be controlled independently, offering significant opportunities for enhancing vehicle dynamics behaviour and system efficiency. This paper investigates energy efficient torque distribution strategies for improving the operational efficiency of electric vehicles with multiple motors. The proposed strategies are based on the minimisation of power losses, considering the powertrain efficiency characteristics, and are easily implementable in real-time. A longitudinal dynamics vehicle model is developed in Simulink/Simscape environment, including energy models for the electrical machines, the converter, and the energy storage system. The energy efficient torque distribution strategies are compared with simple distribution schemes under different standardised driving cycles. The effect of the different strategies on the powertrain elements, such as the electric machine and the energy storage system, are analysed. Simulation results show that the optimal torque distribution strategies provide a reduction in energy consumption of up to 5.5% for the case-study vehicle compared to simple distribution strategies, also benefiting the battery state of charge.
SIMS U-Pb Dating of Uraninite from the Guangshigou Uranium Deposit: Constraints on the Paleozoic Pegmatite-Type Uranium Mineralization in North Qinling Orogen, China

Pegmatite-type uranium mineralization occurs in the Shangdan domain of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt, representing a significant uraniferous province. The Guangshigou deposit is the largest U deposit of the district. Within the North Qinling area, a series of Caledonian granitic igneous rocks intruded the Proterozoic metamorphic rocks of the Qinling Group in two magmatic stages: (i) the Early Silurian Huichizi granite that was derived from a low degree of partial melting of thickened lower basaltic crust combined with mantle-derived materials following the subduction of the Shangdan Ocean; and (ii) the Late Silurian–Early Devonian Damaogou granite and associated pegmatites derived from the same source but emplaced in a late tectonic post-collisional extension environment. In the Guangshigou deposit, the U mineralization mainly occurs as uraninite disseminated in U-rich granitic biotite pegmatites, which formed by assimilation-fractional crystallization magmatic processes. Petrographic observations showed evidence for coeval crystallization of uraninite and other rock-forming minerals of the host pegmatite including quartz, feldspar, biotite, zircon, monazite, apatite, and xenotime. In addition, the low U/Th ratios (~19) and Th, REE, and Y enrichments characterized a magmatic origin for uraninite, which was likely derived from fractionated high-K calc-alkaline pegmatitic magma that experienced various degrees of crustal material contamination. In situ U-Pb isotopic dating performed by Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) on uraninite from the Guangshigou deposit yielded a crystallization age of 412 ± 3 Ma, which is concomitant (within errors) with the emplacement age of the host pegmatite (415 ± 2 Ma) and constrained the U ore genesis to the Early Devonian, which corresponds to the late Caledonian post-collisional extension in the North Qinling area. Uraninite then experienced various degrees of metamictization and/or post-Caledonian hydrothermal alteration characterized by an alteration rim associated with coffinite, chlorite and limonite. Finally, the characteristics of the pegmatite-related Guangshigou deposit exhibiting Th-rich uraninite which was the product of assimilation-fractional crystallization of pegmatitic magma defined a model significantly different than the one established for the world-class Rössing deposit characterized by Th-poor uraninite hosted in alaskite dykes formed by low degree of partial melting of U-rich metasediments.
Comparison of Economic Performance of Lead-Acid and Li-Ion Batteries in Standalone Photovoltaic Energy Systems

Standalone renewable energy systems usually incorporate batteries to get a steady energy supply. Currently, Li-ion batteries are gradually displacing lead-acid ones. In practice, the choice is made without previous comparison of its profitability in each case. This work compares the economic performance of both types of battery, in five real case studies with different demand profiles. For each case, two sets of simulations are carried out. In one of the sets, the energy demand is supplied by a standalone photovoltaic system and, in the other one, by a standalone hybrid photovoltaic-diesel system. Through optimization processes, the economic optimum solutions are obtained. In addition, sensitivity analyses on various parameters have been carried out, seeking the influence in favor of one or another type of battery. The results show that if the type of battery is changed, to achieve the economic optimum the entire system must be resized. In some cases, the economic optimum is reached with Li-ion and in others with lead-acid batteries, depending on the demand profiles. Thus, both types of batteries can be profitable options in standalone energy systems, with a greater tendency to lead-acid in fully photovoltaic systems and to Li-ion in hybrids. The price reductions that would make Li-ion the only choice is quantified.
The effect of economic policy uncertainty on BRIC tourism

ABSTRACT This study examines the effects of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and tourism in Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC). It used a three-dimensional wavelet technique based on Granger causality analysis to investigate the relationship between EPU and tourism activities using the annual data between 1995 and 2018. The results show that the uncertainty about its economic policies will not only affect macroeconomic variables but also tourism. The EPU has short-run implications, as well as short-run, mid-run and long-run effects on international tourist arrivals. It can be recommended that the national security of the government and peace protocols be maintained by the government. Otherwise, the fall in tourism demand could impede the economic growth in the BRIC countries in the long-run.
Controlled Dispersion and Setting of Cellulose Nanofibril (CNF) - Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Pastes

This work investigated the redispersion and setting behavior of highly loaded (~18 wt.% solids in water) pastes of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). A single-screw extruder was used to continuously process CNF+CMC pastes into cord. The adsorption of CMC onto the CNF fibrils was assessed through zeta potential and titration which revealed a surface charge change of ~61 % from -36.8 mV and 0.094 mmol/g COOH for pure CNF to -58.1 mV and 0.166 mmol/g COOH for CNF+CMC with a CMC degree of substitution of 0.9. Dried CNF with adsorbed CMC was found to be fully redispersible in water and re-extruded back into a cord without any difficulties. On the other hand, chemical treatment with hydrochloric acid, a carbodiimide crosslinker, or two wet strength enhancers (polyamide epichlorohydrin and polyamine epichlorohydrin) completely suppressed the dispersibility previously observed for dried-untreated CNF+CMC. Turbidity was used to quantify the level of redispersion or setting achieved by the untreated and chemically treated CNF+CMC in both water and a strong alkaline solution (0.1 M NaOH). Depending on the chemical treatment used, FTIR analysis revealed the presence of ester, N-acyl urea, and anhydride absorption bands which were attributed to newly formed linkages between CNF fibrils, possibly explaining the suppressed redispersion behavior. Water uptake of the differently treated and dried CNF+CMC materials agreed with both turbidity and FTIR results.
A Pilot Study Investigating the Role of Gender in the Intergenerational Relationships between Gene Expression, Chronic Pain, and Adverse Childhood Experiences in a Clinical Sample of Youth with Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is a highly prevalent and costly issue that often emerges during childhood or adolescence and persists into adulthood. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase risk for several adverse health conditions, including chronic pain. Recent evidence suggests that parental trauma (ACEs, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms) confers risk of poor health outcomes in their children. Intergenerational relationships between parental trauma and child chronic pain may be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. A clinical sample of youth with chronic pain and their parents completed psychometrically sound questionnaires assessing ACEs, PTSD symptoms, and chronic pain, and provided a saliva sample. These were used to investigate the intergenerational relationships between four epigenetic biomarkers (COMT, DRD2, GR, and SERT), trauma, and chronic pain. The results indicated that the significant biomarkers were dependent upon the gender of the child, wherein parental ACEs significantly correlated with changes in DRD2 expression in female children and altered COMT expression in the parents of male children. Additionally, the nature of the ACE (maltreatment vs. household dysfunction) was associated with the specific epigenetic changes. There may be different pathways through which parental ACEs confer risk for poor outcomes for males and females, highlighting the importance of child gender in future investigations.
Impact of Hydraulic fracturing on Mineralogy on Change in Micro and Nano Porosity and Permeability of Shales

Hydraulic fracturing is widely applied to economical gas production from shale reservoirs. Still, the gradual swelling of the clay micro/nanopores due to retained fluid from hydraulic fracturing causes a gradual reduction of gas production. Four different gas-bearing shale samples were investigated to quantify the expected shale swelling due to hydraulic fracturing. These shale samples were subject to heated deionized (DI) water at 100°C temperature and 1.2 MPa pressure in a laboratory reactor for 72 hours to simulate shale softening. The low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and density measurements were performed on the original and treated shale to determine the micro and nanopore structure change. The micro and nanopore structures changed during shale swelling, and the porosity decreased after shale treatment. The porosity decreased by 4% for clayey shale, while for well-cemented shale the porosity only decreased by 0.52%. The findings showed that the initial mineralogical composition of shale plays a significant role in the swelling of micro and nanopores and the pore structure alteration due to retained fluid from hydraulic fracturing. A pore network model was used to compare the permeability due to shale softening. The permeability results show a reduction from 3.76E-16 m2 to 2.62E-17 m2 after treatment based on the simulations.
Effects of supplementation of nonforage fiber source in diets with different starch levels on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, and microbial flora of Hu lambs

Abstract The objectives were to evaluate the effects of fiber source and dietary starch level on growth performance, nutrient digestion, rumen parameters, and rumen bacteria in fattening Hu lambs. A total of 360 Hu lambs (BW = 24.72 ± 0.14 kg, 2 months old) were subjected to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Lambs randomly assigned 6 treatments with 6 repetitions (10 lambs per repetition) of each treatment. Six treatments were formulated to include the fiber sources with three starch levels. The experiment lasted a 63 d. The amount of feed, orts, and total feces were sampled on the 42nd day of the experiment. Rumen fluid samples were collected after 2 h of morning feeding on day 56. Rumen contents were collected last day after the selected lambs were slaughtered. Increasing the starch content decreased the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF, P = 0.005). Increasing the starch level increased the proportions of propionate (P = 0.002) and valerate (P = 0.001) and decreased the proportion of acetate (P < 0.001) and the ratio of acetate to propionate (P = 0.005). The abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes was affected by an interaction between the fiber source and the starch level (P < 0.001). Fibrobacter succinogenes tended to be greater in lambs fed SH than in lambs fed BP (P = 0.091), which was greater in lambs fed high starch levels than in lambs fed low starch levels (P = 0.014). Increasing the starch level increased Streptococcus bovis abundance (P = 0.029) and decreased total bacteria (P = 0.025). At the genus level, increasing the starch level reduced the abundance of Butyrivibrio_2 (P = 0.020). Nevertheless, the final body weight (BW) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility were greater (P < 0.01) in lambs fed soybean hull (SH) than in lambs fed BP. The proportion of butyrate was greater (P = 0.005), while the rumen pH was lower (P = 0.001) in lambs fed beet pulp (BP) than in those fed SH. The abundances of Succiniclasticum, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, Ruminococcus_1, and Christensenellaceae_R-7 were greater in lambs fed SH than in those fed BP (P < 0.050), whereas the abundance of Fibrobacter was lower (P = 0.011). The predominant microbial phyla in all of the groups were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Fibrobacteres. Changing the starch level for fiber sources mainly changed the rumen community in terms of the phylum and genus abundances. Lambs fed SH with low starch level increased the final BW without affecting total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) concentrations.
The 'Quiet Eye' and motor performance in basketball free throw shooting

Material and Methods A total of 22 university student, 11 of whom were experts (n = 5 females, n = 6 males) and 11 amateurs (n = 5 females, n = 6 males), without visual impairment, participated the study. Each athlete performed a total of 10 throws. The normal distribution of data recorded in both accurate and inaccurate throws was checked with the Shapiro-Wilk test. All of the data received on accurate and inaccurate throws were analyzed by independent samples t-test. Results Expert basketball players were recorded to have an average of 78% accurate throws out of 10, and as for amateur basketball players, they were recorded to have 34%. During accurate throws, the quiet eye durations of expert basketball players were identified as ~886ms, and quiet eye durations during inaccurate throws were as ~570ms. During accurate throws, the quiet eye durations of amateur basketball players were identified as ~612ms, and quiet eye durations during inaccurate throws were as ~388ms. The study’s findings reveal that expert basketball players develop statistically longer quiet eye and fixation durations than amateur basketball players. Conclusions: The study’s findings have supported the phenomenon of longer quiet eye durations during expert athletes’ specific motor skills. The knowledge obtained from the study’s findings is thought to have the utmost significance in identifying the quiet eye durations of expert basketball players and teaching their visual strategies to amateur level athletes to improve their performance.
Recent progress in the experimental and theoretical studies on the barium zirconate proton conductors: A review

There have been significant developments of solid-state-ion conducting energy materials and perovskite-based oxides those exhibit excellent proton conduction at intermediate temperatures. In contrast to high-temperature oxygen ion-conducting oxides or low-temperature proton-conducting polymers, perovskite oxides have obtained distinguished attention because of their diversified structural aspects and potential applications. Highly stable and conductive electrolytes with improved electrochemical and thermochemical properties are in great demand in numerous fields such as portable electronics and transport systems, energy storage, fuel cells, etc. This review focuses on recent development in the proton-conducting performance of BaZrO 3 (BZO) energy materials. This study aims to integrate the fundamentals of proton conducting BZO perovskites in the prospect of the recent development in materials science and computational engineering. Therefore, in the first half of this review, the basic overview of the BZO perovskites structure, fundamentals of working principles, fabrication, and processing methods underlying the successful development of these materials with superior performance is discussed. The second part principally concentrates on the significant improvement towards higher conductive BZO perovskite fabrication with the help of theoretical studies via density functional theory (DFT) based first-principles calculation and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation followed by the prominent applications in low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The presented information on in-depth analysis of the physical properties of barium zirconate from experimental and theoretical studies will guide aspirants in further conducting research in this field near future.
Mapping the Forest Canopy Height in Northern China by Synergizing ICESat-2 with Sentinel-2 Using a Stacking Algorithm

The forest canopy height (FCH) plays a critical role in forest quality evaluation and resource management. The accurate and rapid estimation and mapping of the regional forest canopy height is crucial for understanding vegetation growth processes and the internal structure of the ecosystem. A stacking algorithm consisting of multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), and random forest (RF) was used in this paper and demonstrated optimal performance in predicting the forest canopy height by synergizing Sentinel-2 images acquired from the cloud-based computation platform Google Earth Engine (GEE) with data from ICESat-2 (Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2). This research was conducted to achieve continuous mapping of the canopy height of plantations in Saihanba Mechanical Forest Plantation, which is located in Chengde City, northern Hebei province, China. The results show that stacking achieved the best prediction accuracy for the forest canopy height, with an R2 of 0.77 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.96 m. Compared with MLR, SVM, kNN, and RF, the RMSE obtained by stacking was reduced by 25.2%, 24.9%, 22.8%, and 18.7%, respectively. Since Sentinel-2 images and ICESat-2 data are publicly available, this opens the door for the accurate mapping of the continuous distribution of the forest canopy height globally in the future.
Climate-driven losses to knowledge systems and cultural heritage: A literature review exploring the impacts on Indigenous and local cultures

Anthropogenic climate change is leading to widespread losses around the world. While the focus of research over the last decade has largely been on economic or tangible losses, researchers have begun to shift their focus to understanding the non-economic or intangible dimensions of loss more deeply. Loss of life, biodiversity and social cohesion are some of the losses that are beginning to be explored, along with Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) and cultural heritage. These latter two form the basis of this systematic review of 100 studies to take stock of what we know about climate-driven losses to ILK and cultural heritage, how such losses manifest and how they are overcome, revealing gaps in our knowledge and carving a path for future research.
The effect of Supplemental Light Source, Illumination and Quantum Flux Density on the Flowering of Seed-Propagated Geraniums

SummaryThe time required for flowering of four cultivars of F1 seed-propagated geraniums (Pelargonium χ hortorum Bailey) grown under different quantum flux density levels (27 or 54 μ E m-2 s-1), illuminations (2.7 or 5.4 klx) and durations (2, 4 and 6 weeks) of high pressure sodium (HPS) and low pressure sodium (LPS) light were compared with plants grown under ambient light. Days from seeding to flower were reduced for all cultivars with HPS light, but days to flower were not reduced by LPS treatment for any cultivars compared with the control plants. Cumulative supplemental quanta (E m-2) for HPS light only was significantly negatively correlated with days to flower for three of the cultivars, indicating the value of supplemental HPS light at an early stage of plant development.
High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries Based on Multidimensional Graphene-CNT-Nanosulfur Hybrid Cathodes

Although lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the promising candidates for next-generation energy storage, their practical implementation is limited by rapid capacity fading due to lithium polysulfide (LiPSs) formation and the low electronic conductivity of sulfur. Herein, we report a high-performance lithium-sulfur battery based on multidimensional cathode architecture consisting of nanosulfur, graphene nanoplatelets (2D) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (1D). The ultrasonic synthesis method results in the generation of sulfur nanoparticles and their intercalation into the multilayered graphene nanoplatelets. The optimized multidimensional graphene-sulfur-CNT hybrid cathode (GNS58-CNT10) demonstrated a high specific capacity (1067 mAh g−1 @ 50 mA g−1), rate performance (539 @ 1 A g−1), coulombic efficiency (~95%) and cycling stability (726 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles @ 200 mA g−1) compared to the reference cathode. Superior electrochemical performances are credited to the encapsulation of nanosulfur between the individual layers of graphene nanoplatelets with high electronic conductivity, and effective polysulfide trapping by MWCNT bundles.