Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phanerozoic Metamorphic Episodes and Characteristics of Cathaysia Block

There were several episodes of metamorphism in the Cathaysia Block. The Caledonian metamorphism occurred over the most area, and the highest grade was up to granulite facies. The granulites scatter over the Cathaysia Block with NE direction parallel to orogeny belt. It is proposed that the metamorphism took place in the orogenic setting, which likely resulted from the assembling and colliding of the Yangtze Block to the northern Gondwanaland, leading to deformation and metamorphism of sediments in the passive continental margin of the northern Gondwanaland. According to LA ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results of the Meixian gneiss and Xingning migmatite in eastern Guangdong Province and geochronological data of the monazites from nearby metamorphic rocks, the Hercynian metamorphism in the Cathaysia Block mainly took place at 260～280 Ma, younger than the typical Hercynian orogeny event in the central European continent. The Hercynian metamorphism in the Cathaysia Block was locally distributed, and probably occurred under the extension setting. The Indosinian metamorphism was wider in the Cathaysia Block, and the metamorphic grade in the Darongshan-Shiwandashan area at southwestern Cathaysia might reach granulite facies. The metamorphism in other regions was characterized by middle-low pressure faceis series, which might be related with the extension setting in late Indosinian orogeny. LA ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotope analyses indicate that the Indosinian metamorphism in the central Cathaysia occurred at 231～232 Ma. The Yanshanian metamorphic rocks, which are distributed along the coastal area of southeastern China and Central Range of Taiwan, show the feature of paired metamorphic belts. It probably suggests that the metamorphism be closely related with the subduction of Pacific Ocean under the southeastern China. The directions of metamorphic belt were different from Indosinian to Yanshanian events, indicating that tectonic regime influencing the Cathaysia Block was transformed in these two episodes.
Survival Analysis of Hospital Length of Stay of COVID-19 Patients in Ilam Province, Iran: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Knowledge of the length of hospitalization of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), its characteristics, and its related factors creates a better understanding of the impact of medical interventions and hospital capacities. Iran is one of the countries with the most deaths in the world (146,321 total deaths; 5 September 2023) and ranks first among the countries of the Middle East and the EMRO. Analysis of confirmed COVID-19 patients’ hospital length of stay in Ilam Province can be informative for decision making in other provinces of Iran. This study was conducted to analyze the survival of COVID-19 patients and the factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in the hospitals of Ilam Province. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data from confirmed COVID-19 cases in Ilam Province were obtained from the SIB system in 2019. The sample size was 774 COVID-19-positive patients from Ilam Province. Measuring survival and risk probabilities in one-week intervals was performed using Cox regression. Most patients were male (55.4%) and 55.3% were over 45 years old. Of the 774 patients, 87 (11.2%) died during the study period. The mean hospital length of stay was 5.14 days. The median survival time with a 95% confidence interval was four days. The probability of survival of patients was 80%, 70%, and 38% for 10, 20, and 30 days of hospital stay, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the survival time of patients with age, history of chronic lung diseases, history of diabetes, history of heart diseases, and hospitalization in ICU (p < 0.05). The risk of dying due to COVID-19 disease was higher among men, older age groups, and patients with a history of chronic lung diseases, diabetes, and heart disease. According to the results, taking preventive measures for elderly patients and those with underlying conditions to prevent the infection of COVID-19 patients is of potential interest. Efficiency in the management of hospital beds should also be considered.
A Proximal Dynamic Approach to Equilibrium Problems With Finite-Time Convergence

This article proposes a finite-time converging proximal dynamic model (FPD) to deal with equilibrium problems. A distinctive feature of the FPD is its fast and finite-time convergence, in contrast to conventional proximal dynamic methods. It is shown that the solution of the proposed FPD converges to the solution of the corresponding equilibrium problems in finite-time under some mild conditions. Then the proposed FPD is applied to solve problems of nonsmooth composite optimization and absolute value equations. It is further shown in the case of solving composite optimization problems that the equilibrium point of the proposed proximal gradient dynamic model is globally finite-time stable under the so-called proximal Polyak-Lojasiewicz condition, which is weaker than strong convexity. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Water Intake and Handgrip Strength in US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2011–2014 Data

This study aimed to examine the relationship between daily total intake of water (DTIW) and handgrip strength (HGS) among US adults and to explore the impact of water intake on muscle function and health, providing a reference for public health policies and health education. Using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014, a cross-sectional survey design was adopted to analyze 5427 adults (48.37% female and 51.63% male) aged 20 years and above. DTIW was assessed using two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recall interviews, and the HGS level was measured using a Takei Dynamometer. Weighted generalized linear regression models and restricted cubic spline plots were used to analyze the linear and nonlinear associations between DTIW and HGS level and to conduct a gender subgroup analysis and an interaction effect test. The results showed that there were significant differences in HGS and other characteristics among different quartile groups of DTIW (p < 0.05). There was a significant nonlinear trend (exhibiting an inverted U-curve) between DTIW and HGS (p for nonlinear = 0.0044), with a cut-off point of 2663 g/day. Gender subgroup analysis showed that the nonlinear trend (exhibiting an inverted U-curve) was significant only in males (p for nonlinear = 0.0016), with a cut-off point of 2595 g/day. None of the stratified variables had an interaction effect on the association between DTIW and HGS (p for interaction > 0.05). In conclusion, this study found a nonlinear association between DTIW and HGS levels, as well as a gender difference. This finding provides new clues and directions for exploring the mechanism of the impact of DTIW on muscle function and health and also provides new evidence and suggestions for adults to adjust their water intake reasonably.
Models of the Southeast Asian Seas

Abstract The mean and seasonal variations in transport through and within the Southeast Asian seas are investigated using a series of simple models. The results are compared with results from a fine-resolution, 3D, numerical simulation of the global circulation from 1987 to 1995 [Parallel Ocean Climate Model (POCM)]. For the mean circulation, the models are based on Sverdrup dynamics with the circulation around each island calculated according to the island rule with overlapping islands taken into account. Assuming all of the passages are wide and deep yields an archipelago circulation vastly at odds with observations. A large westward transport through Torres Strait provides the throughflow between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. A large westward transport through Luzon Strait passes southward through the South China Sea into the Sulu Sea and exits into the Pacific Ocean through the Celebes Sea. There is a northwestward transport through the remainder of the archipelago. By successively blocking straits u.
A Review on Machine Learning Methods for Water Quality Prediction

Water is an important substance for the human body. Clean water is important for not just the human body, but also for the environment. In this paper, Prisma is used to filter many of the reference paper where the paper left are used for the research. Machine learning is one of many ways to predict water quality. Using algorithms to process large amounts of data and patterns, water quality can be predicted. Prediction on water temperature, pH, and others can be used to find bad quality water and potentially find the cure for it. There are also different kinds of environment in predicting water quality, where depending on the environment certain machine learning method is better than the others. This paper contains machine learning methods, water parameters, and areas of water for water quality prediction.
Thermomechanical Properties of Virgin and Recycled Polypropylene—High-Density Polyethylene Blends

This paper provides evidence and discusses the variability in the thermomechanical behaviour of virgin and recycled polypropylene/high-density polyethylene blends without the addition of other components, which is sparse in the literature. Understanding the performance variability in recycled polymer blends is of critical importance in order to facilitate the re-entering of recycled materials to the consumer market and, thus, contribute towards a circular economy. This is an area that requires further research due to the inhomogeneity of recycled materials. Therefore, the thermal and mechanical properties of virgin and recycled polypropylene/high-density polyethylene blends were investigated systematically. Differential scanning calorimetry concludes that both the recycled and virgin blends are immiscible. Generally, recycled blends have lower overall crystallinity and melting temperatures compared with virgin blends while, remarkably, their crystallisation temperatures are compared favourably. Dynamical mechanical analysis showed little variation in the storage modulus of recycled and virgin blends. However, the alpha and beta relaxation temperatures are lower in recycled blends due to structural deterioration. Deterioration in the thermal and mechanical properties of recycled blends is thought to be caused by the presence of contaminants and structural degradation during reprocessing, resulting in shorter polymeric chains and the formation of imperfect crystallites. The tensile properties of recycled blends are also affected by the recycling process. The Young’s modulus and yield strength of the recycled blends are inferior to those of virgin blends due to the deterioration during the recycling process. However, the elongation at break of the recycled blends is higher compared with the virgin blends, possibly due to the plasticity effect of the low-molecular-weight chain fragments.
Analysis and Evaluation of Yield Advantages in Wheat and Faba Bean Intercropping System in Yunnan Province

Wheat and faba bean intercropping is one of the main intercropping patterns in Yunnan Province.It can improve yields,decrease occurrence of pests and diseases,and improve utilization efficiency of nutrient,water and light energy.Based on more than 40 groups of field experiment results by our project team from 2001 to 2010,the yield advantages of wheat and faba bean intercropping were analyzed in 4 experimental sites including Luliang,Yuxi,Shilin and Kunming.The results showed that the yields of wheat and faba bean were increased by 13.24% and 14.80% respectively in intercropping.The mean value of land equivalent ratio(LER) was 1.14,indicating yields advantage in intercropping system.Nevertheless,intercropping yield advantage had a apparent difference between 4 experimental sites.The LER were 1.14,1.21,and 1.14 in Luliang,Yuxi,and Kunming respectively.The yields competitiveness(Awf) was primarily from faba bean in Yuxi,whereas from wheat in other sites.
Multistage dolomitization and distribution of dolomitized bodies in Early Jurassic carbonate platforms (Southern Alps, Italy)

The Early Jurassic dolomitized carbonates are a hydrocarbon exploration target in Northern Italy. Of these carbonates, the Liassic Albenza Formation platform and the overlying Sedrina Formation shelf were studied to define a pervasive dolomitization model and to shed light on dolomite distribution in the sub‐surface. Field work, as well as analyses of well cores, stable isotopes, trace elements and fluid inclusions, was carried out on the outcropping thrust belt and sub‐surface deformed foreland of the Southern Alps. Petrographic analyses showed a first, pervasive, replacement dolomitization phase (D1) followed by volumetrically less important dolomite cement precipitation phases (D2, D3 and D4). The δ18O values fall between −8·2‰ and 0·1‰ Vienna‐Pee Dee Belemnite with the more depleted samples belonging to dolomite cement‐rich dolostones; the δ13C ranges from 2·6‰ to 3·7‰ Vienna‐Pee Dee Belemnite. Analysis of trace elements showed different Fe and Mn contents in the sub‐surface and outcropping dolostones, and a higher Fe in the younger dolomite cements. An increase in the precipitation temperature (up to 130 °C from fluid inclusion data) and a decrease in diagenetic fluid salinity (from sea water to brackish) are observed from the first pervasive replacement dolomite to the dolomite cement phases. Field observations indicate that, in the Albenza Formation, dolomitization was limited to palaeohighs or faulted platform margins in the Early Jurassic carbonates. The pervasive replacement phase is interpreted based on a ‘compaction model’; the formation fluids expelled from compacting basinal carbonates could have funnelled along faults into permeable palaeohighs. The high homogenization temperature of the dolomite cements and decreased salinities indicate precipitation at great depth with an influx of meteoric water. These data, along with the thermal history, suggest that the dolomite cements precipitated according to the ‘tectonic squeegee’ dolomitization model. The dolomite precipitation temperature was set against the thermal history of the carbonate platform to interpret the timing of dolomite precipitation. The dolomite precipitation temperatures (90 to 100 °C) were reached in the studied formations first in the thrust fold belt (Early Tertiary, 60 Ma), and then in the foreland succession during the Late Tertiary (10 Ma). This observation suggests that the dolomite precipitation fronts moved southwards over time, recording a ‘diagenetic wave’ linked to the migration of the orogenic system. Observations suggest that the porosity increased during the first phase of replacement dolomitization while the dolomite cementation phases partially occluded the pores. The distribution of porous dolomitized bodies is therefore linked to the ‘compaction dolomitization’ model.
On the robustness of predictions of sea level fingerprints

SUMMARY The rapid melting of the Earth’s ice reservoirs will produce geographically distinct patterns of sea level change that have come to be known as sea level fingerprints. A basic, gravitationally self-consistent theory for computing these patterns appeared in the 1970s; however, recent, highly discrepant fingerprint calculations have led to suggestions that the algorithms and/or theoretical implementation adopted in many previous predictions is not robust. We present a suite of numerical predictions, including benchmark comparisons with analytic results, that counter this argument and demonstrate the accuracy of most published predictions. Moreover, we show that small differences apparent in calculations published by some groups can be accounted for by subtle differences in the underlying physics. The paper concludes with two sensitivity analyses: (1) we present the first-ever calculation of sea level fingerprints on earth models with 3-D variations in elastic structure and density, and conclude that this added complexity has a negligible effect on the predictions; (2) we compare fingerprints of polar ice sheet mass flux computed under the (very common) assumption of a uniform melt distribution to fingerprints calculated using melt geometries constrained by analysing recent trends in GRACE gravity data. Predictions in the near field of the ice sheets are sensitive to the assumed melt geometry; however, this sensitivity also extends to the far field, particularly in the case of Antarctic mass changes, because of the strong dependence of the rotational feedback signal on the melt geometry. We conclude that inferences of ice sheet mass flux based on modern sea level constraints should consider these more realistic melt geometries.
Benefits and challenges in implementing online mental health consultation in Indonesia: Survey in practitioners

The use of online mental health consultation is increasing in Indonesia, especially since the Covid-19 pandemic. This study investigates the benefits and challenges in implementing online mental health consultation in Indonesia, from the practitioners’ perspectives. A total of 210 mental health practitioners participated in this online survey study. The most frequently reported benefits of delivering online consultation were location flexibility and time flexibility. Meanwhile, the most frequently reported challenges were limited non-verbal communication and difficulty in delivering certain psychological assessments to clients. Moreover, participants express the needs for supports from relevant professional organizations and the government, especially in terms of clear regulations for the use of digital technology in mental health consultation. This research showed important insights from mental health practitioners, and practical recommendations as well as suggestions for further research were discussed.
La avifauna del Parque Provincial Cruce Caballero, Provincia de Misiones, Argentina

conserves key populations of Helmeted Woodpecker Dryocopus galeatus Leptasthenura setaria Phylloscartes sylviolus P. paulista. Other threatened species, including White-bearded Antshrike Biatas nigropectus, Clibanornis dendrocolaptoides Amazona vinacea are more common outside the park in the mosaic of small farms and forest fragments Pipile jacutinga appears to be Primolius maracana from Argentina. We did not record Bare-throated Bellbird Procnias nudicollis and we consider it Merostachys claussenii in 2004–07 generated major changes in the understorey vegetation, resulting in changes in the
Study on the Effect of Hydrogen in Argon-Nitrogen Shielding Gas on Pitting Corrosion for Austenitic Stainless Steel by GTA Welding Process

The addition of hydrogen in shielding gas has been found to contribute to increasing the productivity of gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding compared to the processes using argon-nitrogen shielding gas. In this report, the GTA welding joints of AISI 304 stainless steel with Ar-N2 and Ar-N2-H2 addition were fabricated. The microstructure and pitting corrosion resistance were studied in this work. The corrosion characterisation of welds metal was investigated by a potentiodynamic method in NaCl solution. It was found that H2 addition also had effects on delta-ferrite microstructures and corrosion behaviour. Increasing hydrogen in argon-nitrogen shielding gas increased the delta-ferrite content and improved pitting corrosion resistance.
Knowledge, Perception and Consumption of Indigenous Foods in Gauteng Region, South Africa

Urbanisation in South Africa has led to a nutritional transition from traditional diets (mainly based on indigenous foods) to a Western diet. Currently, the country is one of the most concerned about the prevalence of associated malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. One should, therefore, question the position of indigenous foods (IFs) in the population’s eating habits since their nutritional and health value is known. This study aimed to collect updated data on South Africans’ true awareness and consumption of indigenous foods, especially in the Gauteng region (the most urbanised province of the country). A quantitative cross-sectional research survey was conducted (n = 746). Among a list of 18 IFs, grain sorghum 32.4% (n = 242), marula 32% (n = 239), pearl millet 21.7% (n = 162), amadumbe 19.3% (n = 144) and cowpea 18.6% (n = 139) were the best known. However, the study noticed a maximum consumption of 19.3% (grain sorghum). Overall, this consumption was seasonal, and its level was significantly defined by race (p < 0.05). Black people consume more IFs compared to coloured people, Indian people and white people. Participants mostly consumed these foods for nutritional and health reasons and pointed out the problem of availability. “Poor image” was rated the lowest by all races (black 5.8%, coloured 4.2%, Indian 7.0% and white 4.1%) regarding the reasons for no or low consumption of IFs. Whatever the race, the desire to increase IF consumption was positive. The promotion of their integration into South African diets should, therefore, be considered as an intervention strategy.
Major folds affecting the Lower Old Red Sandstone Group at Lligwy, Anglesey, North Wales, and their regional significance

Abstract The Old Red Sandstone on Anglesey, North Wales, presumed Lower Devonian in age, is folded and locally cleaved, but the intensity of this deformation has previously been understated. We describe two S-verging anticline–syncline pairs, one with a strongly overturned middle limb, their associated minor folds and an axial-planar cleavage. The intensity of the deformation calls into question a proposed link to Variscan fault displacements, and the angular unconformity below the Old Red Sandstone precludes the deformation being part of a continuous ‘late Caledonian’ phase. We consider this deformation of the Old Red Sandstone to be mid-Devonian, correlating with the Acadian phase in mainland Wales. It is predated by a Silurian shortening deformation on Anglesey that is possibly related to the closure of the Iapetus Ocean, absent in mainland Wales and the Lake District, but perhaps preserved also on the Isle of Man.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss as a Complication of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Vaccine

The relationship between COVID-19 and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) continues to solidify in light of a growing body of evidence. In addition to the well-established COVID-19 symptoms and sequelae, otolaryngologists have observed an increased incidence of SNHL in patients with COVID-19 and following COVID-19 immunizations. Although the precise mechanisms behind this association remain unclear, various hypotheses are discussed within the scientific literature. This case report expands on the relationship between COVID-19 and SNHL by discussing a unique case of bilateral tinnitus and subsequent SNHL shortly following COVID-19 immunization. It contributes to the growing body of evidence associating COVID-19 with SNHL, underlining the importance of further research to understand potential causal mechanisms. It underscores the clinical importance of monitoring hearing in COVID-19 patients and those receiving immunizations, advocating for increased awareness among clinicians to facilitate early identification and appropriate intervention in cases of COVID-19-related hearing loss.