Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factor affecting Medical errors Reporting among medical team in Pediatric Hospitals in Gaza governorate

Background: Collecting data on medical errors is essential for improving patient safety, but a lot of factors affecting error reporting by physicians and nurses. These factors may be individual or institutional in the health care system and sometimes mandatory. The barriers preventing doctors and nurses in pediatric hospitals from reporting medicals errors are poorly understood. the objective of the study was to identify the factors affecting medical error reporting by medical team among pediatric hospitals in Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire. A total of 86 doctors and nurses were selected by the purposive sample in pediatric hospitals in Gaza Governorate (Al Nasr, Al Durra & Al Rantisi hospitals). Data analysis performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 23, and a p-value less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: The factors affecting medical error reporting by physicians and nurses were organizational barriers (59.2%), barriers due to fear (72.4%), cultural barriers (73.1%), respectively. The First causes preventing medical error reporting by physicians and nurses were staff worry (76.9%) followed by fear of lawsuits (legal and financial penalties) (75.3%), the fear of questioning competence (74.2%), work pressures (68.6%) and finally insufficient staff number (67.9%). Conclusion and recommendations: elevated work pressures and insufficient staff number with staff worry from lawsuits lead to medical error not reporting among pediatric hospitals in Gaza Governorate. Change the culture and knowledge about medical error reporting will support doctors and nurses to reporting the medical error and avoid repeated again by focusing on safety rather than productivity during clinical work essential for improving patient safety
Change of Contributions from Different Natural Processes to the Ionic Budget in the Yarlung Tsangpo River

Understanding the geochemistry of natural waters is helpful for grasping how the water environment responds to climate and environment changes. The basin of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, the most important river in the Tibetan Plateau, was selected as the study area. Based on our field sampling data and the previously published data of major ions in the river, we distinguished the different sources of the riverine ionic budget. Subsequently, the changes in their contributions were determined over the past four decades. The results indicate that carbonate weathering was the main source of the dissolved ions in the Yarlung Tsangpo River. Consequently, an increasing trend was found in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO3− concentrations in the river water. Conversely, silicate weathering, the secondary source of ions, declined after 2000. More notably, the sulfide oxidation process was considerably enhanced over the study period, which resulted in a two-fold increase in SO42− in the riverine water.
Clinical features, treatment, prognosis, and outcome of 47 patients with pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate.

7Background: Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare entity. Data regarding clinical features, management, and treatment outcomes are limited. As such, management of this cancer has been variable throughout the reported literature, and with limited success. Methods: A systematic review of the literature and secondary data analysis was performed to characterize clinical features, management, and survival outcomes. Results: In total, 47 cases of histologically-confirmed pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate were included in analysis. Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is a disease of older males with mean age at diagnosis of 68.5 years (range 42-85). Urinary obstruction was reported as a presenting symptom in 60% of cases. PSA was usually normal with a mean value of 1.6 (n = 11). The disease was metastatic at diagnosis in 32% of patients among cases that stage was reported (n = 31). The most common sites ( > 30%) of distant metastases are bone and lymph nodes. Metastasis to l.
Does Ganja Cause Mental Illness? Perspectives from a Population-based Assessment of Mental Health Literacy in Jamaica

Objective: Mental illness is a major cause of morbidity and, globally, has a high lifetime risk. Mental health literacy is known to improve symptom recognition, care-seeking and treatment outcomes. This study therefore sought to assess the knowledge and beliefs of Jamaicans regarding the definition, aetiology, symptomatology, treatment and prevention of mental illness. Method: A nationally representative, randomly selected sample of 1224 respondents completed a 50-item questionnaire in a cross-sectional survey in Jamaica. Results: The highest proportion of respondents (31.9%) defined mental health as ‘a mad person/mentally disturbed’ while 57.4% defined mental illness as ‘mad/mentally disturbed/not in the right mind’. Though the majority of the respondents believed that mental illness could be identified, perception of identification features varied: worrying (68.6%), smoking ganja (62.3%) and studying too much (47.9%). Level of education and age were significantly associated with perceptions on ways to identify mental illness. Gender and educational level were significantly associated with perceptions on treatment and prevention of mental illness. Conclusion: There was limited knowledge of the definition, aetiology, symptomatology, treatment and prevention of mental illness. Low mental health literacy was associated with having little or no formal education, being a male and being in the younger age group (15–29 years).
Occupation-Focused Assessment in Eating Disorders: Preliminary Utility

Abstract This paper examines the utility of an occupation-focused assessment, Daily Experiences of Pleasure, Productivity, and Restoration Profile (PPR Profile), when providing services for people diagnosed with eating disorders. A descriptive case study methodology was used to analyze the experiences of seven participants at an intensive treatment day program. Participants completed the PPR Profile and reflected on its value. The findings include four themes: (1) honest completion requires assistance; (2) enhanced awareness is informative but poignant; (3) modifications are required to improve the use of the PPR Profile; (4) the use of the term “occupation” to refer to eating disorder behaviors.
Determinants Of Bowel Resection In Childhood Intussusception.

BACKGROUND Intussusception is an acute surgical emergency and one of the most common causes of acute abdomen in early paediatric age group with peak incidence between 3 months to 3 years. It is considered the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in first two years of life. Early diagnosis and management may prevent major complications of bowel ischemia and necrosis thus avoiding morbidity and mortality. Our objective was to evaluate the risk factors or determinants of bowel resection in childhood intussusception. METHODS It is a prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study in which 102 consecutive cases of intussusception presenting to The Children's Hospital PIMS, from January 2018 to May 2019, were included. RESULTS Total 102 patients were included in the study. Seventy-three (71.6%) were male and 29 (28.4%) were female. Mean age at presentation was 16.30 months (ranged from 1 day to 9 years). Mean duration of symptoms was 3.1 days. 52.9% (53/102) patients had mass palpable on abdominal examination while 22.5% (23/102) had palpable mass on digital rectal examination (DRE). Mean haemoglobin at presentation was 10.2 g/dL (min 4g/dL, max 26g/dL) and mean haematocrit was 32.6%. The most common type of intussusception was ileo-colic (57.8%) followed by ileo-ileal (21.6%). 36.3% (37/102) patients had to undergo bowel resection due to bowel gangrene/necrosis while in 66 (64.7%) patients had manual reduction. Statistically significant relationship was found between resection and duration of symptoms more than 24 hours (p=0.01, CI=95% OR= 6.24), haemoglobin less than 10g/dL (p=0.022, CI=95% OR=2.78) and haematocrit less than 30% (p=0.028, CI=95% OR=2.63). CONCLUSIONS Prevention of anaemia and early presentation to a facility where trained paediatric surgeons are available can reduce the chances of bowel resection in childhood intussusception.
Variations of Sedimentary Biogenic silica in the Gulf of Mexico during the Deepwater Horizon and IXTOC-I Oil Spill.

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill resulted in a widespread Marine Oil Snow Sedimentation and Flocculent Accumulation (MOSSFA) event. MOSSFA is characterized by increased deposition of surface-derived components and dramatic changes in post-depositional chemical (redox) and biological (mass mortality of benthic meioand macro-fauna) conditions. In an effort to constrain the effects of the DWH spill and MOSSFA, sedimentary biogenic silica (Sedi-BSi) were measured in sediment cores from the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) utilizing a wet-alkaline extraction method modified from DeMaster (1981). As Sedi-BSi is distinct from mineral – bound silica, it has been used as a proxy record of diatom production and surface water primary productivity. Sedi-BSi significantly increased in the DWH-influenced sedimentary interval. This suggests that a significant portion of the surface biological materials entrained during the MOSSFA event were sourced by diatom production. Elevated Sedi-BSi coordinated well with previously measured proxies of diatom productivity (e.g. 16S-RNA, diatom frustules collected by sediment trap). Sedi-BSi results also corroborate existing records of other surface derived MOSSFA materials in 2010-2011 including planktonic foraminiferal tests, pyrogenic hydrocarbons, and other petroleum-derived biomarkers. Increases in Sedi-BSi in the
Enhancing gesture decoding performance using signals from posterior parietal cortex: a stereo-electroencephalograhy (SEEG) study

Objective. Hand movement is a crucial function for humans’ daily life. Developing brain-machine interface (BMI) to control a robotic hand by brain signals would help the severely paralyzed people partially regain the functional independence. Previous intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG)-based BMIs towards gesture decoding mostly used neural signals from the primary sensorimotor cortex while ignoring the hand movement related signals from posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Here, we propose combining iEEG recordings from PPC with that from primary sensorimotor cortex to enhance the gesture decoding performance of iEEG-based BMI. Approach. Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) signals from 25 epilepsy subjects were recorded when they performed a three-class hand gesture task. Across all 25 subjects, we identified 524, 114 and 221 electrodes from three regions of interest (ROIs), including PPC, postcentral cortex (POC) and precentral cortex (PRC), respectively. Based on the time-varying high gamma power (55-150 Hz) of SEEG signal, both the general activation in the task and the fine selectivity to gestures of each electrode in these ROIs along time was evaluated by the coefficient of determination r 2. According to the activation along time, we further assessed the first activation time of each ROI. Finally, the decoding accuracy for gestures was obtained by linear support vector machine classifier to comparatively explore if the PPC will assist PRC and POC for gesture decoding. Main results. We find that a majority(L: > 60%, R: > 40%) of electrodes in all the three ROIs present significant activation during the task. A large scale temporal activation sequence exists among the ROIs, where PPC activates first, PRC second and POC last. Among the activated electrodes, 15% (PRC), 26% (POC) and 4% (left PPC) of electrodes are significantly selective to gestures. Moreover, decoding accuracy obtained by combining the selective electrodes from three ROIs together is 5%, 3.6%, and 8% higher than that from only PRC and POC when decoding features across, before, and after the movement onset, were used. Significance. This is the first human iEEG study demonstrating that PPC contains neural information about fine hand movement, supporting the role of PPC in hand shape encoding. Combining PPC with primary sensorimotor cortex can provide more information to improve the gesture decoding performance. Our results suggest that PPC could be a rich neural source for iEEG-based BMI. Our findings also demonstrate the early involvement of human PPC in visuomotor task and thus may provide additional implications for further scientific research and BMI applications.
Application of Peplau’s Theory Model to Overcome Intestinal Parasites and Anemia among Schoolchildren

Aims: This study monitored the effect of applying therapeutic interactions model based on Peplau's theory on schoolchildren’s health status and prevention of intestinal parasite infestation and anemia . We assessed children and parents' knowledge, skills, and adaptive behaviors for dealing with intestinal parasite infestation and anemia. Design. A descriptive quantitative, pre/post-test design was used, with an age and sex-matched control group. Nonprobability, purposive sampling of 600 schoolchildren was recruited from 6 primary schools in East and South Cairo governorate, Egypt. Methods. There were 6 stages of data collection as this more clearly explains the content of this section. I. A pre/post Peplau's theory model questionnaire for structured interviews II. Pre/post application of interpersonal process of therapeutic interaction model assessment format which is based on Peplau’s theory and includes 4 phases. III. Observation Checklists (pre/post format). IV. Child/Parent Guidance Booklet. V. Parasitological Examination VI. Blood sample analysis Results. There were highly significant effects of model application on schoolchildren health, and a strong association between prevention and management. Conclusions. The study concluded that prevalence of intestinal parasite infection and anemia between the 2 settings was significant. Following the intervention, child health status was excellent and schoolchildren had a complete understanding of care management.
Can rectal tube be used instead of ileostomy in patients undergoing rectal resection after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy?

Aim: Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy and total mesorectal excision have become the standard treatment for locally advanced middle and distal rectal cancers. These types of patients carry a serious risk of anastomosis leakage. While the commonly technique is diverting ileostomy; rectal tube placement, with lower morbidity, has also been used in recent years. The aim of this study was to compare the results of ileostomy and rectal tube administration following rectal resection after neoadjuvant therapy. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data from 25 patients with rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy between 2013 and 2019. Patients were evaluated in two groups: ileostomy and rectal tube. Demographic data, operative findings, pathological results, and follow-up information were evaluated. Results: Twelve were in the rectal tube group and 13 were in the ileostomy group. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of tumor location in preoperative data. Patients with hepatic metastasis were found in the ileostomy group, while there were no such patients in the rectal tube group. The operation time (452±128 vs. 295±102 min, p=0.002) and blood loss (485±264 vs 105±80 ml, p=0.0001) were higher in the ileostomy group. The intraoperative complications of the patients were similar in the two groups, whereas the postoperative complications were higher in the ileostomy group (69%-25%, p=0.04). The mean follow-up period was 23.2±18.5 months. The total complication rate due to ileostomy was 20% and the stomata of 15% of the patients were not closed. The cosmetic scores of the patients were better in the rectal tube group (9.8±0.3 vs. 6.3±1.7, p=0.0001). Conclusion: The results of the rectal tube technique were not worse than those of the ileostomy technique in rectal cancers receiving neoadjuvant therapy and this technique may be preferred in appropriate cases.
Color Duplex Ultrasound Characteristics: Can we Predict Aortic Aneurysm Expansion following Endovascular Repair?

Introduction The goal of aortic endovascular repair (EVAR) is to successfully exclude the aneurysm. Color duplex ultrasonography (CDU) is effective in the identification of endoleak and assessment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) morphology after EVAR. In a subset of patients with subtle endoleak, there is a characteristic appearance that predicts significant endoleak leading to AAA expansion. These endoleaks are difficult to detect by computed tomography (CT), and CDU and may represent the phenomenon known as endotension when endoleak is not identified. Methods All patients with several EVAR devices were prospectively followed with CDU for evaluation of endoleak at intervals during a 4-year period. All CDU exams were performed using Philips 5000, 3000, and IU22 systems according to protocol. Assessment of the AAA sac with spectral and color Doppler was used to identify endoleak. The B-mode echogenicity of the AAA sac was characterized for echogenicity and sac symmetry. The patients were followed with CT scan and/or angiography for confirmation of endoleaks. Results There were 12 patients with subtle Type II endoleaks and a characteristic texture by CDU identified from 1 month to 16 months after intervention. The endoleaks had low velocities within the sac ranging from 10 to 50 cm/sec with a bidirectional spectral Doppler waveform. An asymmetrical AAA sac with a “spongy” multiechogenic texture was a finding in all 12 patients. The endoleaks were difficult to detect by both CDU and CT scan because of the low velocities despite AAA sac enlargement in all patients. The average AAA sac enlargement was 4.4 mm. CT scan and/or angiography failed to detect endoleak in 6 of 12 patients positive by CDU for endoleak with AAA sac expansion. Conclusion CDU after EVAR can effectively detect the presence of endoleak and assess the B-mode characteristics of the AAA sac. Important clues such as low flow, sac expansion, sac asymmetry, and a “spongy” B-mode appearance are consistent with subtle endoleak that may lead to AAA expansion. When undetected, this type of endoleak may be misdiagnosed as endotension.
EVALUATION OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE VALLE DE BRAVO RESERVOIR, MEXICO, AS A WATER-SUPPLY SOURCE

The reservoir of the Valle de Bravo (BVR) dam shows acute symptoms of progressive cultural eutrophication that distances it progressively from its function as a supply source. The reservoir and the city of the same name are tourist attractions, so that, as demotechnics progress, the environmental deterioration reduces the basin capacity to provide environmental services and sustain the economic and social development of its own inhabitants. The BVR provides drinking water to the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico (MAVM: 22 million inhabitants), through the Cutzamala System (CS), hence, since 2003 there is a Strategic Plan for the Environmental Recovery of the Basin of Amanalco-Valle de Bravo (SPERBAR), whose effectiveness is evaluated in this study, reviewing the concerning scientific and technical literature, with the objective to know what we can expect from the increases in population, pollution, sedimentation and the change of the reservoir use, respect to its sustainability as a supply source. The growing environmental impact exceeds the efforts to retain the resilience of the aquatic ecosystem. The participation of experts has not been sufficient to clarify the situation, control eutrophication and mitigate its impacts, since economic interests are imposed on the use of the reservoir, suggesting that the principles and objectives of sustainable development could not be transposed onto the specific context of tourism. The situation demands a different approach in water management and an inclusive legislation that meets the objectives of the sustainable development of all the interests at stake. Some works and actions are recommend.
Shortest Path Queries for Indoor Venues with Temporal Variations

Indoor shortest path query (ISPQ) is of fundamental importance for indoor location-based services (LBS). However, existing ISPQs ignore indoor temporal variations, e.g., the open and close times associated with entities like doors and rooms. In this paper, we define a new type of query called Indoor Temporal-variation aware Shortest Path Query (ITSPQ). It returns the valid shortest path based on the up-to-date indoor topology at the query time. A set of techniques is designed to answer ITSPQ efficiently. We design a graph structure (IT-Graph) that captures indoor temporal variations. To process ITSPQ using IT-Graph, we design two algorithms that check a door’s accessibility synchronously and asynchronously, respectively. We experimentally evaluate the proposed techniques using synthetic data. The results show that our methods are efficient.
The Effects of Background Zonal and Meridional Winds on ENSO in a Coupled GCM

Changes in background zonal wind in the tropical Pacific are often invoked to explain changes in ENSO properties. However, the sensitivity of ENSO to mean zonal winds has been thoroughly explored only in intermediate coupled models (following Zebiak and Cane), not in coupled GCMs. The role of mean meridional winds has received even less attention. Accordingly, the goal of this study is to examine systematically the effects of both zonal (equatorial) and meridional (cross-equatorial) background winds on ENSO using targeted experiments with a comprehensive climate model (CESM). Changes in the mean winds are generated by imposing heat flux forcing in two confined regions at a sufficient distance north and south of the equator. We find that the strengthening of either wind component reduces ENSO amplitude, especially eastern Pacific SST variability, and inhibits meridional swings of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The effect of zonal winds is generally stronger than that of meridional winds. A stability analysis reveals that the strengthening of zonal and meridional winds weakens the ENSO key positive feedbacks, specifically the zonal advection and thermocline feedbacks, which explains these changes. Zonal wind enhancement also intensifies mean upwelling and hence dynamical damping, leading to a further weakening of El Niño events. Ultimately, this study argues that the zonal and, to a lesser extent, meridional wind strengthening of the past decades may have contributed to the observed shift of El Niño characteristics after the year 2000.
Organic food and university students: a pilot study

Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide information relating to organic food consumption patterns specific to the Canadian population and youth demographic. The primary objective of this pilot study is to investigate the knowledge, consumption patterns and willingness to pay for organic food among the first-year University students enrolled in courses at Brescia University College. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire has been developed by the researchers and distributed to several first-year classes at Brescia University College. The results have been analyzed using Wilcoxon scores (rank sums), Wilcoxon two-sample test, Spearman correlation coefficients and univariate and multivariate regression analyses. A theme analysis has been generated from open-ended questions. Findings No significant differences exist between nutrition and non-nutrition students. Attitudes toward organic food and knowledge score significantly impact the consumption patterns and willingness to pay for organic food (p = < 0.0001). Most students indicated that they were willing to pay a premium for organic food and had positive associations with it. Originality/value This is the first study relating to this topic and the Canadian population. Results from this study provide baseline data that may be used to conduct future research.