Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic nitrogen fertiliser use on perennial ryegrass and white clover pasture in north-western Tasmania

Summary. The strategic application of nitrogen (N) fertiliser on temperate pasture is a popular management tool for boosting pasture production, particularly when low soil temperatures limit clover-derived N availability. The responsiveness of a perennial ryegrass and white clover pasture to increasing rates of N fertiliser (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg N/ha), applied as a single application, was investigated for 5 pre and 5 post mid winter N application dates. The trial was laid out in a randomised split-plot design, replicated 4 times, with N application date in the whole plots and N fertiliser rate in subplots. Herbage yields were estimated by mowing small plots, with animals excluded for the duration of a single regrowth period on each plot. The data are presented as averages for the 5 pre and 5 post mid winter responses separately, as the means of the pre and post winter partitions were significantly (P 0.05) increases in dry matter yield were noted between the 45 and 60 kg N/ha rates in all but one response, consistent with diminishing returns. The efficiency with which N fertiliser was utilised ranged between 9.0 and 15.9 kg N dry matter/kg. Nitrogen efficiency was consistently lower at the 60 kg N/ha rate than for lower rates of N fertiliser. The application of N fertiliser increased pasture dry matter yields by between 582 and 703 kg dry matter/ha. Based on the 1997 cost of urea, the additional forage produced cost between 6.4 and 10.1 cents/kg dry matter. The data are reviewed in terms of the potential for strategic N fertiliser applications during the winter, while still maximising utilisation of clover-derived N during the warmer months.
The evolution of sex determination in isopod crustaceans

Sex is determined by non‐Mendelian genetic elements overriding the sex factors carried by the heterochromosomes in some species of terrestrial isopods. A bacterium Wolbachia and a non‐bacterial feminizing factor (f) can both force chromosomal males of Armadillidium vulgare to become phenotypic functional females. The f factor is believed to be a genetic element derived from the Wolbachia genome that becomes inserted into the host nuclear genome. The feminizing factors can be considered to be selfish genetic elements because they bias their host's sex ratio to increase their own transmission. New sex‐determining genes are selected (genes resisting the feminizing effects, or the transmission of feminizing elements) as a consequence of the conflict between these elements and the rest of the host's genome. These events drive the sex‐determining mechanisms to evolve, and may explain the polymorphism of sex factors and the poor differentiation of the heterochromosomes in isopods.
ADDITIVE EFFECT OF MICROBIAL INOCULATION ON BARNYARD MILLET (ECHINOCLOA FRUMENTACEA (ROXB.) LINK.) Channabasava A* and H.C.Lakshman

The interactions of rhizosphere microbes with plants depend on the establishment of intimate associations between the two partners. Millets are the astonishing food grains for the developing countries like India, among them Echinocloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link. , (barnyard millet) is one of the rare millet. The grains contain 6.2% protein, 9.8% crude fibre, 65.5% carbohydrate, 4.4% ash and the digestibility of protein is 40 per cent. It was grown with inoculation of beneficial microbes Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma and Acaulospora laevis (AM fungus). The experiments were conducted under polyhouse conditions with completely randomized block design. The plant growth parameters like height, biomass, grain yield and nutrient uptake and mycorrhizal spores and root colonization were analyzed. The experimental plant inoculated with bio-inoculants has showed additive responses. Over all the maximum benefits were offered by the dual inoculation of Acaulospora laevis and Azotobacter was recorded. This experiment was conducted to understand the synergistic interaction among the soil beneficial microbes on growth and grain yield.
MP3704_06_Cummins 347..358

SPEECH AND SONG HAVE FREQUENTLY BEEN TREATED as contrasting categories. We here observe a variety of collective activities in which multiple participants utter the same thing at the same time, a behavior we call joint speech. This simple empirical definition serves to single out practices of ritual, protest, and the enactment of identity that span the range from speech to song and allows consideration of the manner in which such activities serve to ground collectives. We consider how the musical elements in joint speech such as rhythm, melody, and instrumentation are related to the context of occurrence and the purposes of the participants. While music and language have been greatly altered by developments in media technologies—from writing to recordings—joint speech has been, and continues to be, an integral part of practices, both formal and informal, from which communities derive their identity. The absence of joint speech from the scientific treatment of language has made language appear as an abstract intellectual and highly individualized activity. Joint speech may act as a corrective to draw our attention back to the voice in context, and the manner in which collective identities are enacted.
Frequency of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients of Ischemic Stroke

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is a common etiological factor in patients presenting with ischaemic stroke. Material & methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in medicine wards of Shaheed Mohatrama Benazeer Bhutto Medical University, Larkana from May till November 2013. A total 102 patients of diagnosed ischaemic stroke having age >18 & <80 years were included. Presence of atrial fibrillation was noted. Effect modification was analyzed by applying the Chi-square taking P value <0.05 as significant. Results: The mean ± SD age of patients was 53.78 ± 8.34 years with range of 38-71 years. Mean ± SD duration of presenting symptoms was 9.18 ± 7.55 hours (Range 3-36 hours). Majority of patients were males i-e; 90.2% (n= 92). Patients from rural areas were 55% (n= 56). The frequency of atrial fibrillation was diagnosed in 26.5% (n= 27) patients. Gender, age, duration of presenting symptoms, smoking & dyslipidemia and myocardial infarction were effect modifiers of frequency of atrial fibrillation among patients of ischaemic stroke. Family history, hypertension & diabetes mellitus were not associated with increased risk of AF. Conclusion: The frequency of atrial fibrillation among ischaemic stroke patients was 26.5% which is quite high. All patients of ischaemic stroke should be evaluated and treated early for atrial fibrillation.
The Risk of Advanced Maternal Age: Causes and Overview

As an important factor of chromosome abnormality in offspring, elderly pregnant women have attracted more and more attention. Studies have confirmed that the offspring of older pregnant women, whether conceived naturally or through assisted reproductive technology, are more likely to develop chromosome abnormalities than younger pregnant women, and the reasons have not been fully explained. The spindle assembly checkpoint monitors the correct connection between all mobile axes and the spindle. The bipolar spindle is the key to cell division to guide the correct separation of chromosomes and is the main gatekeeper to prevent the development of oocytes carrying DNA damage. Older pregnant women lead to the error of sister chromatid separation and the decrease of chromosome cohesion. The integrity of telomeres also affects the folding of DNA and the ability of cells to replicate. In addition, more oxidative stress makes the ovaries of older pregnant women unable to support fertilization and embryonic development. With the oxygen free radicals increase, the pathway of ovarian cell apoptosis and mitochondrial repair were changed. Therefore, the analysis of the causes of fetal chromosome abnormalities in elderly pregnant women is helpful to improve the understanding of the particularity of pregnancy in elderly pregnant women, so as to reduce the birth of defective babies and improve the birth quality.
Studies on inbreeding and its effects on growth traits of Iran-Black sheep

Data and pedigree information of 5173 Iran-Black sheep, maintained at the breeding station of Abbasabad, Iran, for a period of 25 years (1980 through 2004) were used to determine the level of inbreeding of the animals as well as to quantify the effect on the growth traits of the animals. The individual (and maternal) inbreeding depression of the animals was investigated by fitting the inbreeding coefficient of the lambs (and the ewes) as linear covariates under univariate animal models. The mean inbreeding for the ewes, whole population, females, and males, were 6.55%, 7.54%, 7.72%, and 7.36%, respectively, in the flock. The individual inbreeding depression per 1% increase in the inbreeding ranged from -3.4 (birth weight) to -44.3 g (9-month body weight), whereas the maternal inbreeding depression varied from -12.6 to -80.7g for the weights at birth and six months of age, respectively. The present results showed that inbreeding depression significantly reduced the body weights of lambs in this breed. Since the level of inbreeding of the lambs had a detrimental effect on growth traits, there is a need to control the inbreeding in the flock.
Influence of Tribulus terrestris extract on the survival and histopathology of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) fry before and after Streptococcus iniae infection

Summary The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Tribulus terrestris extract (TT) on growth performance, disease resistance and histopathological changes in intestine and liver tissues of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) first-feeding fry before and after exposure to Streptococcus iniae. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated to contain 0 (control), 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg kg−1 TT. After feeding for 45 days, fish were infected with S. iniae and mortalities recorded. Final weight, weight gain and SGR of tilapia fry fed the 400 mg kg−1 TT diet were significantly greater than that of control diet. In the challenge experiment, the best survival rate was obtained with 400 mg kg−1 TT supplementation. Infection by S. iniae appeared to have a negative effect on histopathological findings and outcome than did TT-800 used alone. However, administration of TT (200 or 400 mg extract kg−1) resulted in overall improvement in the intestine and liver histopathology, emphasizing the protective potential of TT. The present study suggests the protective potential of TT in alleviating intestinal and hepatic damage that can occur after a S. iniae infection. It was concluded that 400 mg kg−1 TT can enhance growth and disease resistance during first–feeding of O. mossambicus fry. This suggests that TT may be an alternative to antibiotics in controlling streptococcal disease in tilapia culture.
1st SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTH 10-11 October 2018, Medan-Indonesia

The increase in population in Indonesia has caused population problems in which people use Non-MKJP (Non-Long Term Contraceptive Method), compared with MKJP. The negative impact of low coverage of MKJP users is the increase in population which brings about low provision in manpower. The objective of the research was to find out some factors which influenced of MKJP users’ participation in PUS (productive-aged couples) at Kampung KB, Kelurahan Rengas Pulau, Medan Marelan, in 2018. The research used observational analytic method with cross sectional dresign. The population was 365 KB (Family Planning) acceptors at Kampung KB, Kelurahan Rengas Pulau, and 78 of them were used as the samples. The result of multiple logistic regression analysis at p-value=0.25 showed that there was the influence of knowledge (p=0.018, PR=5.987), parity (p=0.001, PR=0.058), husbands’ or families’ support (p=0.001, PR=21.061), culture (p=0.005, PR=0.041), the distance of health facility (p=0.010, PR=0.089) on MKJP users’ participation in PUS. However, there was no influence of health care providers (p=0.054, PR=4.507) on MKJP users’ participation in PUS. The variable which had the most dominant influence of husbands’ or families’ support which had the opportunity of 21.061 time more than that of the other variables in MKJP users’ participation in PUS. It is recommended that the health care providers support the use of MKJP so that PUS can understand the benefit of using contraception.
Growth Performance and Some Blood Variables of Broiler Chickens Fed Raw or Boiled Mango Kennel Meal

In a 63-day experiment the effect of replacing maize with raw or cooked mango kennel meal on the growth and blood parameters of broiler chickens was investigated. One hundred and eighty (180) day-old Anak, 2000 broiler chicks (mixed sex) were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments containing 4 replicates of 15 chicks each. The diets consisted of a maize based (control) diet and 2 other diets containing 20% of either raw (RMK) or boiled mango kernel (BMK) meal as a replacement for maize. Boiling reduced the toxic factor (tannin) content of mango kernel by up to 75.00%. During the starter phase (0-28 days) birds fed the RMKbased diet ate significantly less feed, gained less weight and recorded a poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the control and the BMK based diets, but there were no significant dietary effects on these parameters during the finisher period (28-63 days). There were no significant dietary effects on the haematological values but serum total protein and globin were markedly reduced on the RMK fed group. From these results it is concluded that 20% of the maize can be replaced with boiled mango kernel meal in the diet of broilers without adverse effects on growth and blood parameters.
Butter from Plants

There is a likelihood of food shortage becoming acute in developing countries and people will have to depend increasingly on plants rather than animals for their dietary requirements. To meet the growing demand of fat which have texture like butter because of the higher percentage of saturated fatty acids, little known or neglected plants could be investigated. The paper reviews the work so far done on such aspect and highlights the plants which could be taken up for systematic plantation.
COLLECTIVE AND INDIVIDUAL DISENGAGEMENT FROM VIOLENCE: COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY AND POLARITIES OF DEMOCRACY MODEL UNDERPINNINGS

Literature reviewed indicated a lack of empirical studies on why individuals renounce and disengage from acts of violence and terrorism. The studies of Tobor (2014) and Shajkovci (2015) filled that gap and added to the body of global literature on the topic. The purpose of this study was to employ cognitive dissonance theory and polarities of democracy model to offer possible explanations on why individuals may engage in or renounce violence, specifically as it is related to violence in Nigeria, Iraq, and Syria. While actions of all individuals engaged in violence or terrorism cannot be explained through cognitive dissonance and polarities of democracy principles, the discussions in this article may offer invaluable insight for safety and security agencies and policy makers in African countries and the Balkans to advance effective policy initiatives that facilitate and promote disengagement from violence and terrorism. Such understandings may consequently strengthen global counter radicalization and counterterrorism efforts as well.
Evaluation of Protease Inhibitors in Pacific Whiting Surimi

Bovine plasma powder, whey protein concentrate and would potato powder were compared with purified bovine serum albumin, chicken egg albumin and a-lactalbumin as protease inhibitors in Pacific whiting surimi. Spectrophotometric and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoretic analyses demonstrated that the extent of proteolysis in samples containing the purified albumins was, in all cases, equal to the control. The same test also showed that at equal concentrations, whole plasma powder was a more effective inhibitor of proteolysis than whey protein concentrate or potato powder. However, electrophortic gels and punch test scores indicated that at higher concentrations, whey protein concentrate and potato powder could substitute for plasma powder in directly heat set gels, but not in suwari gels.
Everyday Eating: A Tale of Two Neighbourhoods

In this article we investigate how ‘ethical eating’ varies across neighbourhoods and explore the classed nature of these patterns. While our focus is on ‘ethical eating’ (e.g. eating organics, local), we also discuss its relation to healthy eating. The analysis draws from interviews with families in two Toronto neighbourhoods – one upper and the other lower income. We argue that understandings and practices of ‘ethical eating’ are significantly shaped by social class as well as place-specific neighbourhood cultures which we conceptualize as part of a ‘prototypical’ neighbourhood eating style. People compare themselves to a neighbourhood prototype (positively and negatively), and this sets a standard for acceptable eating practices. This analysis helps shed light on how place is implicated in the maintenance and reproduction of class-stratified food practices.
Marine benthic macroalgae collected by Vieillard from New Caledonia and described as new species by Kützing

A.J.K. Millar and W.F. Prud'homme van Reine. 2005. Marine benthic macroalgae collected by Vieillard from New Caledonia and described as new species by Kützing. Phycologia 44: 536–549. During the 19th century, the German phycologist Friedrich Kützing described 66 new species of marine benthic macroalgae that had been collected by the French naturalist Eugène Vieillard from New Caledonia and the nearby Ile des Pins in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Many of these species have not since appeared in the literature, nor have they been critically re-examined in light of modern classifications and nomenclatural status. As a direct result of the present research, many have now been found to be conspecific with either previously described species, or are species for which more recent names have been unwittingly applied. This work has resulted in seven new combinations and three new names being proposed: Cladophora mamillata Leliaert nom. nov. (replaced name: Valonia cladophora Kützing); Meristotheca polychotoma (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Euhymenia polychotoma Kützing); Polyopes emarginatus (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Grateloupia emarginata Kützing); Halichrysis irregularis (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Iridaea irregularis Kützing); Halymenia kuetzingii Millar nom. nov. (replaced name: Iridaea fimbriata Kützing); Laurencia kuetzingii Millar nom. nov. (replaced name: Laurencia flagellifera Kützing); Sarcodia marginalis (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Mastocarpus marginalis Kützing); Schottera angustifolia (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Sphaerococcus angustifolius Kützing); Rhodymenia caulescens (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Sphaerococcus caulescens Kützing); Gracilaria chondracantha (Kützing) Millar comb. nov. (basionym: Sphaerococcus chondracanthus Kützing).
European eel distribution and body condition in a river floodplain: effect of longitudinal and lateral connectivity

We studied eel population characteristics (size classes, densities and body condition) in the lower Loire River floodplain (France) to evaluate the effects of longitudinal and lateral gradients. A total of 36 sites were electrofished in June 2005. The sites were grouped first into three river segments according to the distance inland corresponding to a longitudinal gradient and secondly into three lateral connectivity categories. Results indicate that small eels, especially those ≤300 mm, were very abundant downstream but density rapidly decreased upstream. In addition, eels ≤150 mm tended to be most abundant in connected waterbodies. Conversely, the distribution of larger eels was quite uniform across both dimensions. Eel condition decreased upstream. In parallel, in downstream river segment, eels had a lower condition in disconnected waterbodies than in connected ones. Eel specialists still have only a longitudinal perception of eel habitat. Our results suggest that lateral gradients should be also taken into consideration
Torsional dynamics and 2D speckle tracking in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction on patients taking sacubitril/valsartan and naive

Type of funding sources: None. ARNI has been shown to be superior to enalapril in long term reducing the mortality and hospitalization of heart failure (HF). However short-term effect on diastolic function remain unclear. We sought to evaluate 6 months" effects of ARNI on left ventricular (LV) diastolic parameters determined by speckle tracking and tissue Doppler imaging. This study aims to evaluate the torsional dynamics and 2D speckle tracking in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction on patients taking angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) and non. This study was carried out in Menoufia university hospitals included 60 patients of HFrEF during the period from august 2019 to January 2020. (50%) of patients was treated with traditional treatment of heart failure and the remaining was treated with ARNI. Data were collected including history and clinical examination. ECG and speckle tracking and tissue Doppler imaging was done to evaluate the diastolic function. Our results showed no significant difference between the two groups at baseline. There was significant improvement of the LV diastolic function. Untwist time and untwist onset showed the highly significant parameters of improvement. This study concluded that ARNI showed short term improvement of diastolic function of the left ventricle that can be detected by STE. Comparison between the studied groups re Echocardiographic diastolic parameters after 6 months ARNI Traditional P-value (Sig.) Count 30 30 Diastolic dysfunction grade Grade 1 9 (30%) 1 (3.3%) 0.008 (S) Grade 2 18 (60%) 22 (73.4%) Grade 3 3 (10%) 7 (23.3%) Other doppler diastolic parameters E/A 0.93 ± 0.30 1.16 ± 0.26 0.002 (S) E/e" 9.1 ± 1.9 10.8 ± 1.6 <0.001 (HS) TR velocity (m/s) 2.6 ± 0.3 2.8 ± 0.3 0.003 (S) Speckle diastolic parameters Untwist rate (°/s) -65.4 ± 5.2 -60.4 ± 4.5 <0.001 (HS) Untwist onset (ms) 96.8 ± 16.2 106.1 ± 15.7 0.028 (S) Shows comparison between ARNI vs Traditionally treated patients and how the parameters of conventional and STE was improved in favor of diastolic parameters. Abstract Figure. Baseline vs 6 months inbetween studied g
Tight-binding Calculations of Ellipsoidal In As Nanocrystals

The sp3s* empirical tight-binding calculations of electron and hole states for ellipsoidal InAs nanocrystals passivated by hydrogen atoms are presented. The electronic structure is numerically calculated for various shapes within keeping a constant volume of nanocrystals. The significant impact of the shape for the nanocrystals on the electronic structure and the emission spectra along the x, y and z polarized direction is fruitfully observed. The results demonstrate that by changing the ellipsoidal aspect ratios the electronic structure and optical signatures are different.