Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors may have an advantage over calcium channel blockers in reducing proteinuria in gastric cancer patients receiving ramucirumab

This study aimed to investigate whether renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RAS-I) have an advantage over calcium channel blockers (CCB) for suppression of proteinuria in hypertensive patients with gastric cancer receiving ramucirumab (RAM) treatment. Adult Japanese patients with gastric cancer who were outpatients at Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, and Iwate Medical University Hospital between July 1, 2015, and March 31, 2021, were included in this study. Of these patients, those who had received first-time RAM treatment, and those treated with antihypertensive agents including RAS-I or a CCB at initial RAM administration were included. A total of 36 patients were analyzed in this study. Of these patients, 17 patients were classified into the RAS-I group and the remaining 19 into the CCB group. After 12 weeks of RAM administration, the prevalence of proteinuria in the RAS-I group was significantly lower than that in the CCB group. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative occurrence of proteinuria in the RAS-I group over 12 weeks following RAM administration was significantly lower than that in the CCB group. Furthermore, simulation of the time course of RAM blood concentrations based on the O'Brien model showed that there may not be differences in the RAM blood concentration profiles over 12 weeks between the two groups. RAS-I may have an advantage over CCB for suppressing proteinuria in hypertensive patients with gastric cancer treated with blood pressure antihypertensive agents. Our results provide useful information to healthcare professionals involved in the administration of RAM treatment.
Gravitational effects on inflaton decay

We point out that the inflaton inevitably couples to all non-conformally coupled matters gravitationally through an oscillation in the Hubble parameter or the cosmic scale factor. It leads to particle production during the inflaton oscillation regime, which is most efficient just after inflation. Moreover, the analysis is extended to the model with non-minimal inflaton couplings to gravity, in which the Hubble parameter oscillates more violently. We apply our results to the graviton production by the inflaton: gravitons are also produced just after inflation, but the non-minimal coupling does not induce inflaton decay into the graviton pair.
Recognizing Right-Angled Coxeter Groups Using Involutions

We consider the question of determining whether a given group (especially one generated by involutions) is a right-angled Coxeter group. We describe a group invariant, the involution graph, and we characterize the involution graphs of right-angled Coxeter groups. We use this characterization to describe a process for constructing candidate right-angled Coxeter presentations for a given group or proving that one cannot exist. We provide some first applications. In addition, we provide an elementary proof of rigidity of the defining graph for a right-angled Coxeter group. We also recover a result stating that if the defining graph contains no SILs, then Aut^0(W) is a right-angled Coxeter group.
Bidirectional Causality between Spreading COVID-19 and Individual Mobilisation with Consumption Motives across Prefectural Borders in Japan

A combination of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions as well as social restrictions has been recommended to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, social contact surveys play an essential role as the basis for more effective measures. This study attempts to explore the fundamental basis of the expansion of COVID-19. Temporal bidirectional causalities between the numbers of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases (NCCC) and individual mobilisations with consumption motives across prefecture borders in three metropolitan regions in Japan were analysed using vector autoregression models. Mobilisation with consumption in pubs from Kanto to Tokai contributed to the spread of COVID-19 in both regions. Meanwhile, causal mobilisation with consumption motives in Kansai also contributed to the expansion of COVID-19; however, the pattern was dependent on the industrial characteristics of each prefecture in Kansai. Furthermore, the number of pub visitors in Kanto immediately decreased when NCCC increased in Kanto. In contrast, the causal mobilisations for the expansion of COVID-19 in the Tokai and Kansai regions were unaffected by the increasing NCCC. These findings partially proved the validity of the conventional governmental measures to suppress pub visitors across prefectural borders. Nevertheless, the individual causal mobilisations with consumption motives that contributed to the increasing COVID-19 cases are not identical nationwide, and thus, regional characteristics should be considered when devising preventive strategies.
Equilibrium effects on the structure of island divertor and its impact on the divertor heat flux distribution in Wendelstein 7-X

To support the planning of high-performance long-pulse plasma operation for W7-X, the role of equilibrium effects for the structure of island divertor and its profound impacts on the divertor heat flux distribution have been investigated. Finite-beta full-field three-dimensional equilibria for the four most important configurations of W7-X (‘standard’, ‘high-mirror’, ‘high-iota’ and ‘low-iota’) were obtained with the HINT code. Equilibrium calculations show a strong dependence of the edge stochastization on the magnetic configurations. Parameterization to estimate equilibrium effects on edge stochastization and plasma shape was attempted for individual functions. The results indicate that a more stochastic boundary can be attained with increasing plasma beta, except for the low-iota configuration. According to fully diffusive heat-load estimations, it turns out that equilibrium effects are beneficial for spreading the heat flux on the divertor target. The interactions of the beta effects with effects driven by the toroidal plasma current are also analyzed for the standard configuration. Infrared camera measurements confirm the predictions concerning global heat load distributions.
Retinal Toxicity Induced by Chemical Agents

Vision is an important sense for humans, and visual impairment/blindness has a huge impact in daily life. The retina is a nervous tissue that is essential for visual processing since it possesses light sensors (photoreceptors) and performs a pre-processing of visual information. Thus, retinal cell dysfunction or degeneration affects visual ability and several general aspects of the day-to-day of a person’s lives. The retina has a blood–retinal barrier, which protects the tissue from a wide range of molecules or microorganisms. However, several agents, coming from systemic pathways, reach the retina and influence its function and survival. Pesticides are still used worldwide for agriculture, contaminating food with substances that could reach the retina. Natural products have also been used for therapeutic purposes and are another group of substances that can get to the retina. Finally, a wide number of medicines administered for different diseases can also affect the retina. The present review aimed to gather recent information about the hazard of these products to the retina, which could be used to encourage the search for more healthy, suitable, or less risky agents.
Event-Triggered Consensus Control for Multirobot Systems With Cooperative Localization

In multirobot systems, the accurate localization of each mobile robot in the team is a prerequisite to reach consensus. This article investigates the problem of event-triggered consensus control for a group of mobile robots based on cooperative localization (CL). In our framework, each robot employs the position estimates from CL to jointly achieve consensus. An event-triggered mechanism based on a mixed-type condition is adopted in order to reduce the frequency of control updates and unnecessary transmission of information between system components. Our goal is to design an event-triggered consensus controller based on CL such that the closed-loop system achieves the prescribed consensus in spite of inaccurate sensor measurements. We provide sufficient conditions that guarantee the desired consensus using eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Laplacian matrix. We design the controller and filter gains as well as the parameters of the event-triggering mechanism simultaneously in terms of the solution for a linear matrix inequality. Finally, simulation and experimental results are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed approach.
From Macro to Micro: Large Exporters Coping with Common Shocks

Since Gabaix (2011), the role of changes in the performance of some very large ﬁrms in shaping aggregate outcomes has been intensively studied in the economics literature. Changes in the performance of a few large ﬁrms can arise due to idiosyncratic shocks or idiosyncratic reactions to common shocks. This paper provides direct evidence for the second channel using data on the universe of French ﬁrm-level exports and imports over 1993-2020. Granularity matters for the micro-dynamics of aggregate French exports over the long run: the granular residual explains 42% of the variance in aggregate export growth during the period. Moreover, it co-moves with the macro shock: the largest ﬁrms do better than average in good times and worse in bad times. Studying ﬁrm-level performance during the Great Financial Crisis and the Pandemic reveals that top exporters contributed to the export collapses disproportionably more than their pre-crisis share of exports, even within ﬁnely deﬁned markets. We investigate the reasons for such over-reaction of the top exporters using the Pandemic as a natural experiment. We ﬁnd that a higher elasticity to demand shocks explains the larger reaction of top exporters to the Pandemic, with GVC exposure having weak explanatory power. Our ﬁndings have macro implications, as they help understand the macro reaction to foreign shocks, and micro implications, since they can inform micro models of exports. of lockdowns, fully controlling for product-level shocks. The regression includes ﬁrm × month ﬁxed from full the mid-point growth rate by 0.6 point. the eﬀect is strongly heterogenous, being about twice as large for ﬁrms in the top 0.1% (1.0) the bottom 99.9% (below
Relation between Cortical Activation and Effort during Robot-Mediated Walking in Healthy People: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neuroimaging Study (fNIRS)

Force and effort are important components of a motor task that can impact rehabilitation effectiveness. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of these factors on cortical activation during gait. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relation between cortical activation and effort required during exoskeleton-mediated gait at different levels of physical assistance in healthy individuals. Twenty-four healthy participants walked 10 m with an exoskeleton that provided four levels of assistance: 100%, 50%, 0%, and 25% resistance. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure cerebral flow dynamics with a 20-channel (plus two reference channels) device that covered most cortical motor regions bilaterally. We measured changes in oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR). According to HbO2 levels, cortical activation only differed slightly between the assisted conditions and rest. In contrast, bilateral and widespread cortical activation occurred during the two unassisted conditions (somatosensory, somatosensory association, primary motor, premotor, and supplementary motor cortices). A similar pattern was seen for HbR levels, with a smaller number of significant channels than for HbO2. These results confirmed the hypothesis that there is a relation between cortical activation and level of effort during gait. This finding should help to optimize neurological rehabilitation strategies to drive neuroplasticity.
Emergent gauge fields and their nonperturbative effects in correlated electrons

The history of modern condensed matter physics may be regarded as the competition and reconciliation between Stoner's and Anderson's physical pictures, where the former is based on momentum-space descriptions focusing on long wave-length fluctuations while the latter is based on real-space physics emphasizing emergent localized excitations. In particular, these two view points compete with each other in various nonperturbative phenomena, which range from the problem of high T$_{c}$ superconductivity, quantum spin liquids in organic materials and frustrated spin systems, heavy-fermion quantum criticality, metal-insulator transitions in correlated electron systems such as doped silicons and two-dimensional electron systems, the fractional quantum Hall effect, to the recently discussed Fe-based superconductors. An approach to reconcile these competing frameworks is to introduce topologically nontrivial excitations into the Stoner's description, which appear to be localized in either space or time and sometimes both, where scattering between itinerant electrons and topological excitations such as skyrmions, vortices, various forms of instantons, emergent magnetic monopoles, and etc. may catch nonperturbative local physics beyond the Stoner's paradigm. In this review article we discuss nonperturbative effects of topological excitations on dynamics of correlated electrons.
Impact of royal jelly and L-Carnitine on improving the histological changes of Cyclophosphamide-induced Testicular cytotoxicity in adult male albino rats

Background: Cyclophosphamide is anticancer chemotherapeutic drug and immunosuppressive agent for organ transplantation. Wide range of adverse effects including reproductive toxicity demonstrated following its administration. Aim of the study: Evaluation the impact of royal jelly and L-Carnitine on improving the histological and Immunohistochemical changes of experimentally Cyclophosphamide-induced testicular cytotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: forty adult male albino rats divided into two groups, the control group1 (ten rats) and treated group 2 (thirty rats) subdivided into three equal subgroups (a, b and c). Subgroup (a): Ten rats treated with cyclophosphamide. Subgroup (b): Ten rats given royal jelly with cyclophosphamide. Subgroup (c): Ten rats given L-Carnitine and cyclophosphamide. The testes excised and prepared for light microscopic examination and stained with H&E and Masson's trichrome stains and immunohistochemically for detecting bcl-2 proteins. Results: Seminiferous tubules distorted and shrunken with marked reduction in the thickness of the germinal epithelium that appeared detached from irregular thick basement membrane and wide empty lumen devoid of spermatozoa, increased amount of interstitial tissue, contain congested blood vessels and covered by thick tunica albuginea. Royal jelly and L-Carnitine had a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity and showed a notable effect. Conclusion: Cyclophosphamide produced marked changes in the histological structure of the. Royal jelly and L-Carnitine have a potent protective effect against the toxicity.
Evaluating Nanotechnology in raising the efficiency of some substances used in fertilizing wheat grown on sandy soil.

Nanotechnology has the potential to increase the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. So, this research work was carried out to assess the effect of some soil conditioners at different rates and foliar application of antioxidant on the performance of wheat plants grown on sandy soil. The treatments were T 1 : Control (without soil addition);T 2 : 0.50%Normal compost (bulky);T 3 : 0.25% Nano compost;T 4 : 0.50% Nano compost;T 5 : 0.50% Normal agricultural gypsum (bulky);T 6 : 0.25% Nano agricultural gypsum;T 7 : 0.50% Nano agricultural gypsum; T 8 : 0.50% Normal sugar lime mud (bulky);T 9 : 0.25% Nano sugar lime mud;T 10 : 0.50% Nano sugar lime mud; F 1 : without proline and F 2 : with proline.Wheat plants treated with compostpossessed the highest values of all growth criteria ( e.g., fresh and dry weights, plant height and leaf area), photosynthetic pigments (after 70 days from sowing), yield, its component, and grains quality (at harvest stage) under sandy soil conditions followed by that treated with agricultural gypsum than the plants treated with sugar lime mud, while the untreated wheat plants with any soil conditioner (control treatment) possessed the lowest values of all aforementioned traits. Nano form was superior compared to the normal form with all studied soil amendments. Also, all aforementioned traits increased as the rate of Nano form increased with all studied soil amendments.Regarding the foliar application, the proline treatment was superior compared to the control treatment (without foliar application). The control treatment (without soil and foliar applications) led to raising the enzymatic antioxidants content in the straw of wheat plant after 70 days from sowing, where the cultivation without any both soil conditioners and proline caused an increase in wheat self-production from these antioxidants to scavenge the ROS (or as named free radicals) resulting due to the poverty of sandy soil, thus increase of tolerance. Generally, it can be concluded that all the studied soil conditioners ( i.e., gypsum, compost, and sugar lime mud) in either normal form or Nano form have a beneficial effect on improving the performance and productivity of wheat plants grown under sandy soil conditions. Also, the findings of the current work confirmed proline is one of the plant's protective ways from the poverty of sandy soil fertility, where it works as an antioxidant and leads to an increase in wheat plant tolerance to the poverty of sandy soil fertility.
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy of phonons and polar nanoclusters in PbMg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 O 3 − 35 % PbTiO 3 ceramics: Grain size effects

The dielectric response of PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-35%PbTiO3 ceramics close to the morphotropic phase boundary from 100 Hz up to 100 THz was determined in a broad temperature range of 5–900 K. Two ceramics were studied and compared: coarse grain ceramics CGCgrain size 4 m and fine grain ceramics FGCgrain size 150 nm. Both ceramics showed similar polar-phonon response and the ferroelectric transition near TC = 440 K that was manifested by partial softening of the overdamped lowest-frequency phonon using the time-domain THz spectroscopy. However, the dielectric response was dominated by a complex relaxational dispersion in the microwave range due to relaxorlike dynamics of the polar nanoclusters, which strongly differed in both the ceramics. Whereas the CGC undergoes a well-defined ferroelectric transition such as a single crystal, FGC exhibits a relaxor behavior with substantially smaller permittivity showing partial clamping of the polar nanocluster dynamics by grain boundaries. The pronounced difference was also revealed in a second-harmonic generation showing much larger paraelectric signal in the FGC with a much smeared ferroelectric transition only. Due to contributions of both the soft phonon mode and dielectric relaxations into the dielectric constant near its maximum even in the paraelectric phase, the ferroelectric transition corresponds to a percolation threshold of the polar nanoclusters into macroscopic domains. Such a type of phase transition can be considered as a special case of crossover between the displacive and order-disorder types, where the ordering process concerns a mesoscopic range.
Preparation and antibacterial and antioxidant ability of β‐cyclodextrin complexes of vaporized Illicium verum essential oil

Abstract Compared with traditional liquid–liquid embedding method and solid–liquid embedding method of inclusion complexes of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) inclusion of essential oil to form stable properties, the gas–liquid embedding method was applied to encapsulate vaporized illicium verum essential oil (IvEO), with β‐CD as wall materials so that core and wall materials molecules are in active state during complexing process. At optimal conditions with a mass ratio of 1:10, temperature of 80°C, time of 1 h, the β‐CD‐IvEO inclusion complexes (β‐CD‐IvEO‐ICs) had an encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 84.55 ± 2.31%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the encapsulation of IvEO into inclusion complexes, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated the enhanced thermal stability of IvEO after embedding. Furthermore, the reducing power and 2‐phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide (PTIO)‐scavenging capacity displayed certain capacity of antioxidation in a short time but stronger antioxidative activities as reaction time was extended. The diameter of growth zone (DGZ) indicated stronger antibacterial activity of β‐CD‐IvEO‐ICs against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the β‐CD‐IvEO‐ICs could induce the bacteria producing more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than IvEO, resulting in bacterial death.
Hydrogen peroxide as attenuator of salt stress effects on the physiology and biomass of yellow passion fruit

ABSTRACT The success of yellow passion fruit cultivation in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil is conditioned on the ability of this crop to develop under salt stress conditions, so it is necessary to identify techniques capable of attenuating the deleterious effects caused by irrigation with high-salinity waters. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments and biomass of yellow passion fruit cultivated under salt stress and foliar application of hydrogen peroxide. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, with the experimental design in randomized blocks with three replicates, in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, which consisted of four values of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (0.7, 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8 dS m-1) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 20, 40 and 60 µM). Irrigation using water with ECw from 1.4 dS m-1 compromised the photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic pigments, and biomass production of yellow passion fruit. Application of hydrogen peroxide at concentration of 20 µM promoted the highest values for variable and maximum fluorescence and concentration of carotenoids, constituting an alternative for the acclimation of yellow passion fruit to salt stress. Application of hydrogen peroxide at concentrations above 20 µM intensified the salt stress on passion fruit.
New-Onset and Persistent Insulin-Dependent Diabetes in Patients With COVID-19: A Peruvian Experience

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been recognized as a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and COVID-19 in diabetic patients is associated with a poor prognosis. New evidence suggests that patients with T2DM may experience diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) if infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is limited literature on new-onset diabetes in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 without a history of diabetes. We present a case series of three patients who developed new-onset diabetes while suffering from acute COVID-19 infection; they presented with DKA even though they had no prior history or risk factors for diabetes. They remain persistently insulin-dependent several months post-recovery.