Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SCVMJ, XIX (1) 2014 55 Advanced immunological studies on the effect of Spirulina in cultured tilapia

English Abstract This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as immunity promoter for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). A total of 270 fish (50±5 g) were randomly distributed into six groups each at a rate of 15 fish per aquarium and fed on a diet containing 0.0, 5.0 or 10.0 g spirulina/kg diet for 6 weeks. Each subdivided into three equal replicates. After the feeding trial, fish of each treatment were challenged by pathogenic Pseudomonas. fluorescens which was given by intraperitoneal (IP) injection. The blood samples were taken after 4and 6weeks for immunological examinations. The results showed that the highest white blood cells (WBCs) ,neutrophils , monocytes and basophils were obtained at 5.0 10.0 g spirulina/kg diet before and after the infection. There were non significant changes in lymphocytes after 4 weeks, while after infection with Pseudomonas. fluorescens lymphocytes increased in groups supplemented with spirulina. Moreover, spirulina enhanced serum lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity, and antioxidant enzymes (GPx and SOD) of treated groups before and after the infection. Total fish mortality 10days were decreased after IP injection with Pseudomonas. fluorescens with the increase of spirulina level in fish diets. The lowest fish mortality was obtained when fish fed 10.0 g spirulina/kg. These results indicate that spirulina supplementation is promising for disease prevention in tilapia culture, and the optimum level of spirulina in fish diet is 10.0 g per kg diet.
Menstrual cup: awareness among reproductive women

Menstruation is a normal biological process experienced by millions of women and girls around the world each month. Menarche signifies the start of a female’s reproductive years and often marks her transition to full adult female status within a society. Age at menarche tends to be slightly later in resource-poor countries than in higher-income countries, yet an apparent decline in age at menarche has been documented in both developed and developing countries over the past few decades. One challenge of menstruation that is taken for granted in affluent countries is the simple question of how to manage or contain the menstrual flow and what happens to a girl or woman who is not able to do this successfully. The United Nations defines adequate menstrual hygiene management as “women and adolescent girls using a clean menstrual management material to absorb or collect blood that can be changed in privacy as often as necessary for the duration of the menstruation period, using soap and water for washing the body as required, and having access to facilities to dispose of used menstrual management materials. ” Particularly in poor countries, girls and women face substantial barriers to achieving adequate menstrual management. Gender equity in education has long been heralded as a cornerstone for social and economic development.
Investment Pattern of Financially Literate Persons in Nepal

The paper investigates the investment pattern of financially literate persons based on 314 individual investors of Nepal. The mean, ANOVA and logistic regression is used. The results show that investors have higher level of financial literacy level. Among them, male participants, investors of age group 20-30 and income level of Rs 50,001 and above scored higher in financial literacy. The financial literacy increased with increase in the education level as well as the income level. The study reveals that there are differences between investment patterns among the high and low financially literate persons. These groups differ in term of their investment preferences, investment objectives, investment tenure, sources of investment advices and awareness level.
THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Geometrical and percolative properties of spatially correlated models

This thesis consists of four papers dealing with phase transitions in various models of continuum percolation. These models exhibit complicated dependencies and are generated by different Poisson processes. For each such process there is a parameter, known as the intensity, governing its behavior. By varying the value of this parameter, the geometrical and topological properties of these models may undergo dramatic and rapid changes. This phenomenon is called a phase transition and the value at which the change occur is called a critical value. In Paper I, we study the topic of visibility in the vacant set of the Brownian interlacements in Euclidean space and the Brownian excursions process in the unit disc. For the vacant set of the Brownian interlacements we obtain upper and lower bounds of the probability of having visibility in some direction to a distance r in terms of the probability of having visibility in a fixed direction of distance r. For the vacant set of the Brownian excursions we prove a phase transition in terms of visibility to infinity (with respect to the hyperbolic metric). We also determine the critical value and show that at the critical value there is no visibility to infinity. In Paper II we compute the critical value for percolation in the vacant set of the Brownian excursions process. We also show that the Brownian excursions process is a hyperbolic analogue of the Brownian interlacements. In Paper III, we study the vacant set of a semi scale invariant version of the Poisson cylinder model. In this model it turns out that the vacant set is a fractal. We determine the critical value for the so-called existence phase transition and what happens at the critical value. We also compute the Hausdorff dimension of the fractal whenever it exists. Furthermore, we prove that the fractal exhibits a nontrivial connectivity phase transition for d ≥ 4 and that the fractal is totally disconnected for d = 2. In the case d = 3 we prove a partial result showing that the fractal restricted to a plane is totally disconnected with probability one.
RECOMBINANT HUMAN BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2 VERSUS AUTOGENOUS BONE GRAFT IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF MAXILLARY ANTERIOR ALVEOLAR RIDGE DEFECTS

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) delivered in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier on reconstructing the alveolar ridge defect and obtain newly formed bone as an alternative to autogenous bone grafting thus eliminating the dilemma and morbidity related to donor site. A clinical investigation was carried out on sixteen patients at outpatient clinic of the Oral Surgery Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, presented with alveolar ridge defects in the anterior maxilla. Thorough pre-operative assessment of the patients was carried out including history taking, physical examination and radiographic examination. The pre-operative volume, height, width and density of the defective alveolar ridge were measured on Computed Tomographic Cone Beam scan (CBCT). The patients were divided into 2 groups; Group (I) comprised 8 patients who received (rhBMP-2) delivered in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS), Group (II) comprised 8 patients who received autogenous chin graft. The follow-up period was 6 months in the form of clinical evaluation and radiographic evaluation by CBCT scans to measure the amount of bone fill and bone density. At the end of the follow-up period no signs of infection or evidence of bone resorption were found. The radiographs showed newly formed bone and increase in alveolar bone dimensions in all cases. There was significant increase of bone width, height volume and density six months postoperatively in both group I (rhBMP-2) and Group II (Autogenous Bone) (p <0.001). However, there was no significant difference between Group I (rhBMP-2) and Group II (Autogenous Bone) postoperatively as regards bone width, height volume and density respectively (p> 0.01). rhBMP-2/ACS is an alternative source to substitute the autogenous bone graft to obtain newly formed bone and eliminate the dilemma and morbidity related to donor site. (3078) Lamia A. Kader and Nader N. Elbokle E.D. J. Vol. 63, No. 4
Is suture comparable to wire for cerclage fixation? A biomechanical analysis

Background Cerclage wire is the current standard for circumferential bone fixation. Advances in technology have improved modern sutures, allowing for expanded utility and broader application. The present study compared the strength and durability of cerclage fixation between modern suture materials and monofilament wire. Methods The Surgeon’s Knot, the Nice Knot and the Modified Nice Knot, were each tied using three separate suture materials: no. 2 FiberWire (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA), no. 2 Ultrabraid (Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA, USA) and no. 5 Ethibond (Johnson & Johnson, Somerville, NJ, USA). These sutures were compared with monofilament wire. Sutures were secured around a fixed diameter using three additional half hitches, whereas a 1.2-mm (18 gauge) stainless steel monofilament wire was used for comparison. One fellow and one orthopaedic surgery resident each tied five trials with every knot/material combination. Samples were subjected to cyclic loading and quasi-static load testing. Respectively, cyclic displacement over time and load to failure were analyzed. Clinical failure (3 mm of cyclic displacement) and absolute failure (opening of the knot or material failure) were the outcomes of interest. Results During cyclic loading, Ethibond displaced significantly less over time compared to monofilament wire (p < 0.003), whereas FiberWire showed no significant difference. Ultrabraid also behaved similar to wire, except displacing significantly more than wire only with the Surgeon’s Knot (p = 0.02). During load to failure, Ethibond and FiberWire failed at significantly greater loads than monofilament wire (p < 0.001), whereas Ultrabraid performed similar to wire. Knot types did not appear to impact the results. Conclusions High-performance sutures achieve superior results in biomechanical testing under cyclic and quasi-static load compared to monofilament wire, suggesting that they provide an alternative to wire for cerclage fixation with select clinical application. Biomechanical security of suture cerclage is dependent on suture material, although it is not altered significantly by choice of knot. An ex-vivo study with clinical application would further reinforce whether suture cerclage offers a valid alternative to wire cerclage.
Determining the frequency of colton blood group antigens Coa and Cob in the Maltese population

This study aimed at identifying the frequency of two blood group antigens of interest within the Colton (Co) blood group system, Coa and Cob, the higher and lower prevalence antigens respectively. The antigenic frequency was determined using the polymerase chain reaction-allele specific primer extension (PCR-ASPE) technique on a sample size of 68 adult Maltese blood donor samples and 351 neonatal cord blood samples. The aforementioned methodology enabled the molecular typing of the missense variant in the aquaporin 1 (AQP1) gene (NM_198098:c.134C>T; rs28362692), responsible for the single amino acid change of Ala45Val (alanine for Coa and valine for Cob at position 45) (NP_932766:p.Ala45Val) within the AQP1 protein chain. As a result of the missense variant, the Colton phenotypes Co(a+b-), Co(a+b+) and Co(a-b+) could be identified through the stipulated PCR-ASPE technique, and the rare phenotype, Co(a-b+), if detected, would also be subjected to DNA sequencing. Analysis of raw data unveiled that the Co(a+b-) phenotype was the most prevalent in both the donor pool (88.23%) and the cord blood pool (86.04%), whilst the Co(a+b+) phenotype revealed a lower occurrence in the donor pool (5.88%) and the cord blood pool (6.98%). The Co(a-b+) was not encountered in the donor and cord blood samples tested, negating the need for DNA sequencing. The novelty of this study can be seen in the unprecedented determination of the frequency of the Coa and Cob antigens within the Maltese population. Outlining the Colton blood group antigen frequencies is a significant step to understand any susceptibilities to the development of the pertinent antibodies, thus aiding in the reduction of Haemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTRs) and Haemolytic Disease of the Foetus and Newborn (HDFN). Moreover, research of this calibre would expand the local database of molecular typing of blood group antigens, improving transfusion.
Synergistic Osteogenic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Repair of Anterior Maxillary Bone Defect

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate synergistic osteogenic potential of human dental pulp mesenchymalstem cells (hDMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in enhancement of bone regeneration in anterior maxillary bone defects.Patients and methods: Eighteen patients (10 males and 8 females), were selected and divided equally into three groups. Group I included patients (4 male and 2 female ) having anterior maxillary cyst and impacted or supernumerary teeth in another place indicated for surgical removal for production of mesenchymal dental pulp stem cells, group II and III included patients (3 male and 3 female in each) having anterior maxillary cyst. The cyst was enucleated and the space left were filled by hDMSCs with PRP in group I. in group II the cavity was filled by PRP only. In group III the cystic cavity left with no filling material and considered as control group. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was performed preoperatively, one month and six months postoperatively for comparison of bone density intra group and inter groups. Results: Comparison of bone density between the three groups at one month post-operative period showed that group II recorded highest and significant bone density. At six months post-operative period the three groups showed significant increase in bone density However group I (hDMSCs with PRP) showed highest mean increase in bone density. Conclusions: hDMSCs can provide an osteogenic cell source for new bone formation and the PRP improves and retains their differentiation capacity due to possible synergisticosteogenic potential between PRP and stem cells.
Effect of Farmyard Manure and Mineral Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Yield, Yield Components and Nutrient Uptake of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Varieties in Kaffa Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Low soil fertility and inadequate soil fertility management practices have limited the productivity of barley in Kaffa Zone, southwestern Ethiopia. Thus field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of combined application of farmyard manure (FYM) with inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus (NP) fertilizers on yield, yield components and NP uptake of food barley. The treatments consisted of thirteen fertilizer combinations and two varieties in a factorial arrangement laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Result showed that interaction of fertilizer management and variety gave significantly highest number of productive tillers m-2 of 191.33 in Adiyo and 182 in Ghimbo which were obtained for variety ‘GABULA’ with application of 5 t FYM ha-1 + 75% recommended rate of inorganic NP. The main effect of variety indicated that variety ‘GABULA’ gave significantly higher grain yield (2409 kg ha-1) and harvest index (39.26%) in Adiyo and 2255 kg ha-1and 38.02% in Ghimbo. The main effect of fertilizer indicated significantly highest grain yield of 2899 kg ha-1 and thousand grain weight of 42 g in Adiyo and 2581 kg ha-1 and 40.50g in Ghimbo from the application of 5 t ha-1 FYM in combination with 75% recommended rate of inorganic NP. The application of 5 t ha-1 FYM in combination with different rates of inorganic NP significantly increased NP uptake by grain, straw and total plant both in Adiyo and Ghimbo. Hence, it can be concluded that, the use of variety ‘GABULA’ and combined application of 5 t ha-1 FYM with 75% of recommended rates of inorganic NP can significantly increase food barley yield in the study areas.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEEDING LEVELS ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING EGYPTIAN BUFFALOES

Nutrient requirements of dairy animals are the main factor affecting on productive and reproductive performance. So, the objective of the study was to evaluate the nutrient requirements of dairy cattle performed by NRC could be to meet lactating Egyptian buffalo’s nutrient requirements. Twenty four lactating buffaloes at third to fifth seasons of lactation and weighed on average 514± 12.15 kg were used in the current study. The animals were divided randomly into three groups (eight animals each) to get three feeding levels of NRC requirements. Three feeding levels were performed to meet 80% (T1), 100% (T2) and 120% (T3) of NRC allowances for dairy cattle. The obtained results indicated that dry matter intake (DMI) (kg/d) has a gradual and significant increase (P < 0.05) by increasing feeding level. Apparent dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) digestibility were not significantly affected by treatments. Milk yield, 4% fat corrected milk (4% FCM) and energy corrected milk (ECM) (kg/d) were having a gradual increase by increasing feeding level. Milk composition (%) was not significantly affected by treatments; however, milk composition yields (g/d) were significantly increased (P<0.05) by increasing feeding levels. Feed conversion for milk yield, 4% FCM and ECM (Kg/Kg DMI) were significantly (P<0.05) enhanced by increasing feeding level according to NRC requirements. It can be concluded that the NRC requirements for dairy cattle are not enough for Egyptian buffaloes under the conditions of this study. Also, increasing feeding level for buffaloes above NRC allowances for dairy cattle could enhance the productive performance for Egyptian buffaloes.
Editorial: Cell-based Therapies for Stroke: Promising Solution or Dead End?

The introduction of recanalization procedures has revolutionized acute stroke management, although the narrow time window, strict eligibility criteria and logistical limitations still exclude the majority of patients from treatment. In addition, residual deficits are present in many patients who undergo therapy, preventing their return to premorbid status. Hence, there is a strong need for novel, and ideally complementary, approaches to stroke management. In preclinical experiments, cell-based treatments have demonstrated beneficial effects in the subacute and chronic stages following stroke [1; 2; 3] and therefore are considered a promising option to supplement current clinical practice. At the same time, great progress has been made in developing clinically feasible delivery and monitoring protocols [4]. However, efficacy results initially reported in clinical studies fell short of expectations [5] raising concerns that cell treatment might eventually share the ‘dead end fate’ of many previous experimental stroke therapies. This Research Topic reviews some of the latest and most innovative studies to summarize the state of the art in translational cell treatments for stroke.
Wider Influence of Voluntary Disclosure and Quality of Income on Cost of Capital

For companies in Indonesia that have gone public or registered in the capital market are required to submit information about the company's activities in the form of financial reports and annual reports. Companies listed on the capital market are expected to be more transparent in disclosing their company's financial information. The information asymmetry that occurs between managers and shareholders as users of financial statements causes shareholders to not be able to observe the company's overall performance and prospects perfectly. In situations where shareholders have less information than managers, managers can take advantage of the flexibility they have to carry out earnings management. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion in this study, the conclusion is voluntary disclosure, asymmetry of information produces an insignificant negative direction on the cost of equity capital, while for earnings management variables produce a positive and insignificant relationship to the cost of equity capital. This is because investors consider that at this time, issuers or companies that issue new common shares are covering their operational and investment debts, so the company is less interested in investors.
Cranberry A

Laura M. Bystrom, Daniel P. Bezerra, Hsiao-Ting Hsu, Hongliang Zong, Luis A. Lara-Martı́nez, Jeanne P. De Leon, Megan Emmanuel, David Méry, Sara Gardenghi, Duane Hassane, Catherine C. Neto, Susanna Cunningham-Rundles, Michael W. Becker, Stefano Rivella, and Monica L. Guzman Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts–Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Medicine, James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, Rochester, NY; and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
CRESCIMENTO DAS MUDAS DE CUPUAÇU (Theobroma grandiflorum) SOB EFEITO DE DIFERENTES COMPOSIÇÕES DE BIOFERTILIZANTES

1 Engenheira Agrônoma da Universidade Federal do AmazonasUFAM, ediana.agronomia@gmail.com * 2 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Professor Dr. Adjunto IV, Bolsista de Produtividade do CNPq Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM – Campus de Humaitá, e-mail: mcesarsolos@gmail.com; 3 Mestre em Agronomia Tropical. Docente do Instituto Federal de Ciência, Inovação e Tecnologia do Amazonas-IFAM, leandro_alho@yahoo.com 4 Academico de Engenheira Agrônoma da Universidade Federal do AmazonasUFAM, felipec.weckner@gmail.com 5 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Mestrando pelo Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE – Recife, e-mail: brunomantovanelli21@gmail.com. 6 Bacharel em Física, Professor Doutorando do Programa de Pós Graduação em Física Ambiental Adjunto I Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM – Campus de Humaitá, e-mail: maujmc@gmail.com.