Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local high-resolution passive seismic tomography and Kohonen neural networks — Application at the Rio-Antirio Strait, central Greece

A high-resolution passive seismic investigation was performed in a 150 km 2 area around the Rio-Antirio Strait in centralGreeceusingnaturalmicroearthquakesrecordedduringthreemonthsbyadense,temporaryseismicnetworkconsisting of 70 three-component surface stations. This work was part of the investigation for a planned underwater rail tunnel, and it gives us the opportunity to investigate the potential of this methodology. First, 150 well-located earthquake events were selected to compute a minimum 1D velocity model for the region. Next, the 1D model served as the initialmodelfornonlinearinversionfora3DP-andS-velocity crustal structure by iteratively solving the coupled hypocenter-velocity problem using a least-squares method. The retrieved Vp and Vp/Vs images were used as an input to Kohonen self-organizing maps SOMs to identify, systematicallyandobjectively,theprominentlithologiesintheregion. SOMs are unsupervised artificial neural networks that map the input space into clusters in a topological form whose organization is related to trends in the input data. This analysis revealed the existence of five major clusters, one of which may be related to the existence of an evaporite body not shown in the conventional seismic tomography velocity volumes. The survey results provide, for the first time, a 3D model of the subsurface in and around the Rio-Antirio Strait. It is thefirst time that passive seismic tomography is used together with SOM methodologies at this scale, thus revealing themethod’spotential.
Whole Blood Viscosity Reference Intervals and Its Correlation with Hematology and Serum Chemistry in Cats Using Scanning Capillary Method

Simple Summary Blood viscosity, an essential hemorheological parameter, signifies the inherent resistance encountered during blood circulation within blood vessels. Assessing whole blood viscosity stands as an early diagnostic modality for an array of vascular conditions, encompassing cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and microvascular ailments. Given the intricate challenge of early-stage diagnosis using conventional blood tests, blood viscosity emerges as a tool to gauge disease susceptibility. Recently, scanning capillary viscometers that can obtain blood viscosity values for a wide range of shear rates through a single measurement have been widely used. Using this, this study aimed to establish reference intervals in cats, representative companion animals, for further hemorheological study and the veterinary clinical field. The outcomes of this study yield essential reference intervals for normal whole blood viscosity in healthy feline subjects, encompassing a wide range of shear rates that hitherto lacked comprehensive establishment. Abstract Whole blood viscosity, a hemorheological factor, is currently used for diagnosis, as it is correlated with various vascular diseases that are difficult to diagnose early with a general blood test. It was determined that it was necessary to set reference intervals for further studies and utilization of whole blood viscosity in cats, a representative companion animal, and this study was conducted. Fifty healthy cats were recruited for the study, and whole blood viscosity, complete blood count, and serum chemistry tests were performed. The reference intervals of whole blood viscosity were 15.169 to 43.684 cP at a shear rate of 1 s−1 reflecting diastole, and 3.524 to 5.544 cP at a shear rate of 300 s−1 reflecting systole. Red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and neutrophils in the complete blood count, and total protein, albumin, globulin, and cholesterol in the serum chemistry were significantly correlated with whole blood viscosity. The results of this study set the reference intervals of whole blood viscosity for healthy cats in a wide shear rate range that has not yet been fully established, and its correlation with other blood indicators investigated.
The Eltanin asteroid impact: possible South Pacific palaeomegatsunami footprint and potential implications for the Pliocene–Pleistocene transition

Large asteroid impacts are rare, and those into the deep ocean are rarer still. The Eltanin asteroid impact around 2.51 ± 0.07 Ma occurred at a time of great climatic and geological change associated with the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary. Numerical models of the event indicate that a megatsunami was generated, although there is debate concerning its magnitude and the region‐wide extent of its influence. We summarise the existing evidence for possible Eltanin megatsunami deposits in Antarctica, Chile and New Zealand, while also examining other potential sites from several locations, mainly around the South Pacific region. In reviewing these data we note that these events were unfolding at the same time as those associated with the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary and, as such, most of the geological evidence from that time has a climatic interpretation. The potential climatic and geological ramifications of the Eltanin asteroid impact, however, have failed to be considered by most researchers studying this time period. Although we are not advocating that all geological activity at that time is connected with the Eltanin asteroid impact, it raises interesting questions about the role potentially played by such catastrophic events in contributing to or even triggering epochal transitions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Analysis Of Accounting History Publications In The Period Of 2000-2009

The aim of this paper is to review 630 accounting history articles in the period of 2000-2009. It is focused on analyzing the quantity, contents, authorship and period of the articles. The quantities of historical papers are classified ac cording to journals and years and compared with the total number of papers published in each Journal. The artic les are classified into subject areas in content analysis. Authorship analysis co ntains patterns of authorship, geographical affiliation, institutional affiliation, most p ublished author, jointly written contributions and gender. The articles are classified into the centuries in period analysis. Finally the results are discussed and compared with previous studies.
Analyzing Consumer Buying Behavior Through Word of Mouth: An Empirical Assessment

The research focuses upon finding the role of Word of Mouth on Consumer Buying Behavior. Consumers have to make a decision for buying a particular product and for that they have to go through a certain process and WOM plays a vital role in making that decision for them. The study examines the role of word-of-mouth dimensions i.e., perceived usefulness of WOM, attitude towards the WOM and past experiences. The researchers used simple random sampling to select the respondents. The researchers used survey mechanism is used to collect the data. Researcher selected a population sample of 440 students. People belonging to different departments from the entire university were chosen for conducting the research. The researchers used regression analysis to test the hypothesis of current research. According to the results of this study, all aspects of word-of-mouth have a significant impact on customer buying behaviour. More precisely, perceived usefulness influences online customer purchasing behaviour significantly. Additionally, customer attitude has a significant impact on consumer purchasing behaviour. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that prior customer experience has a considerable impact on online consumer characteristics and consumer purchasing behaviour.
First record of fossil Cornisepta McLean 1998 from the North Sea Basin (Early Oligocene, Central Germany) (Gastropoda Vetigastropoda: Fissurellidae)

A very diverse, early Oligocene mollusc assemblage of the Mammendorf quarry nearby Magdeburg includes many Fissurellidae. Most of them belong to Emarginula species but some small, highly conical shells possessing a typical internal septum belong to the extant genus Cornisepta McleAn 1998. Two species could be observed: Cornisepta anhaltina n.sp. having a smooth shell, and C. granulocostata n. sp. with granulose radial costae. Both species represent the first fossil record of that genus for the North Sea Basin.
APPLICATION OF BYERS METHOD FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF AGE AT FORMATION OF HARRIS LINES IN ADULTS FROM A CEMETERY OF CEDYNIA (POLAND)

JERSZYNSKA B. , NOWAK O. 1996. Application of Byers method for reconstruction of age at formation of Harris lines in adults from a cemetery of Cedynia (Poland). Variability and Evolution, Vol. 5: 75-82, Figs. 2, Tabs. 5, Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Biology, Poznan´ Abstract. The presented Byers method allows to calculate the age at formation of transverse sclerotic lines (Harris lines) from the distance of the line to the proximal and distal end of a long bone. In the sample, chosen at random, consisting of the tibiae of 19 males and 19 females from a medieval cemetery in Cedynia, the age at formation of particular Harris lines was reconstructed according to the above mentioned method. Results indicate that the ma- jority of Harris lines occurs in both genders at the distal end of the tibia. The lines located at the distal end were formed at an early stage of ontogenesis, while lines at the proximal end are related to the last years of puberty. In adults there is a lack of lines formed in infancy and early childhood.
SSR Genotyping and Marker–Trait Association with Yield Components in a Kazakh Germplasm Collection of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Genetic diversity and marker–trait association with yield-related components were assessed in 39 chickpea accessions from a germplasm collection with either spring or autumn-sown seeds in South-Eastern Kazakhstan. Chickpea accessions originated from Azerbaijan, Germany, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Türkiye, Ukraine, Syria, and the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). Eleven SSR markers were used for molecular genotyping. Yield and yield components were evaluated in nine traits in experiments with spring and autumn seed sowing. The number of alleles of polymorphic markers varied from 2 to 11. The greatest polymorphism was found in the studied chickpea genotypes using SSR marker TA22 (11 alleles), while NCPGR6 and NCPGR12 markers were monomorphic. In the studied chickpea accessions, unique alleles of the SSR loci TA14, TA46, TA76s, and TA142 were found that were not previously described by other authors. An analysis of correlation relationships between yield-related traits in chickpea revealed the dependence of yield on plant height, branching, and the setting of a large number of beans. These traits showed maximal values in experiments with chickpea plants from autumn seed sowing. An analysis of the relationship between the SSR markers applied and morphological yield-related traits revealed several informative markers associated with important traits, such as plant height, height to first pod, number of branches, number of productive nodes, number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight, seed weight per plant, and seed yield.
Metabolic Profiling and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Melatonin-Induced Secondary Metabolism of Postharvest Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum L.)

Postharvest decay of goji berries, mainly caused by Alternaria alternata, results in significant economic losses. To investigate the effects of melatonin (MLT) on resistance to Alternaria rot in goji berries, the fruits were immersed in the MLT solutions with varying concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 75 μmol L−1) and then inoculated with A. alternata. The results showed that the fruits treated with 50 μmol L−1 MLT exhibited the lowest disease incidence and least lesion diameter. Meanwhile, endogenous MLT in the fruits treated with 50 μmol L−1 MLT showed higher levels than in the control fruits during storage at 4 ± 0.5 °C. Further, the enzymatic activities and expressions of genes encoding peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase were induced in the treated fruit during storage. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS revealed that secondary metabolites in the fruits on day 0, in order of highest to lowest levels, were rutin, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, naringenin, quercetin, kaempferol, and protocatechuic acid. MLT-treated fruits exhibited higher levels of secondary metabolites than the control. In conclusion, MLT treatment contributed to controlling the postharvest decay of goji fruit during storage by boosting endogenous MLT levels, thus activating the antioxidant system and secondary metabolism.
Leveraging Water Infrastructure ForTransformative Socio-economic Development InSouth Africa

Building economic and social infrastructure is at the heart of the national developmental agenda in South Africa, and plans include those for enhancing the capacity of existing water resource infrastructure to meet competing needs across all sectors. Indeed, water is arguably the most pivotal natural resource for meeting the socio-economic needs of South Africa as a developmental state. It is understandable, therefore, that there is increasing expectation to provide water to support all the development objectives of the state, including poverty alleviation and rural development. In the light of the challenge to drive down unemployment levels, including among the youth as amplified in the New Growth Path underpinning the country’s economic development, the rollout of mega-projects such as those for large water infrastructure is required to be innovatively structured to create more jobs and have a real positive impact on the lives of the poor. This paper evaluates the expanding operational model of the TransCaledon Tunnel Authority, a state-owned entity, beyond its primary mandate to finance and implement bulk water infrastructure projects without recourse to the fiscus, into strategically mapping out all project interventions to facilitate social transformation and build sustainable communities. This developmental priority is demonstrated by the manner in which water infrastructure projects are now implemented by the organization and its collaborators. Key elements include the development of economically sustainable funding models; innovative management of debt within a prudent risk framework; and, most importantly, implementation of cost-effective and environmentally sound infrastructure emphasizing socio-economic strategies for transforming project communities and building small, medium and micro enterprises.
Preliminary analysis on the fishing grounds of Cololabis saira in the North Pacific Ocean

Based on the production database of vessel" Zhongyuanyu 1"in the North Pacific Ocean during July-November 2004, the fishing grounds of Cololabis saira were analyzed. The results were summarized as follows: (1) According to the position the above-mentioned fishing grounds can be divided into the north and the south fishing grounds, the north grounds are around 44°-45°N,156°-158°E,and the south around 41°-42°N,150°-151°E, with the former being larger than the latter in the scope of distribution; (2) The maximum catch was in November, the average production per day was 22.7 t,and the highest production per day was 60.42 t. The minimum catch was the worst in August, with an average production of 29.5t per day, and in contrast with in August 2003, the average day production was 12.05t. The production varied greatly on account of the change of environmental factors in the fishing grounds ,and the central fishing grounds were on the Russian EEZ; (3)The average day setting number of stick-held net fishery was 7.6,with the highest day setting number of 16 and the highest production per net of 10.05 t; (4) The composition of catch was mainly medium-sized and small-sized fishes, which accounted for 80% of the total catch.There were few extra large-sized Cololabis saira except July; (5)The longer the fishing month, the smaller the size of Cololabis saira on the nearby fishing grounds.
Construction of Measurement and Investigation of the Role of Classroom Climate on Students' Knowledge and Attitudes in the Learning Process

The learning climate in the classroom has a very important role in encouraging optimal learning processes in the classroom. The purpose of this research is to look at creating measurements of classroom climate, investigate the aspects that influence it and the role of classroom climate in citizenship education lessons in terms of students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour. This study was a factorial design analysis investigating the role of citizenship education classes in classroom climate, students' knowledge, skills, and dispositions. The sample was conducted on 650 junior high school students with a total of 50 classes. Data analysis used was variability correlation and hierarchical linear model analysis. Findings show that a classroom climate with open discussions has proven effective in improving student learning outcomes in citizenship education subjects, both in the aspects of students' knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. Several aspects that influence the level of reliability of measuring classroom climate are the gender composition in the class, the level of student activity, individual perceptions of learning opportunities, the socioeconomic level of students, the level of student knowledge about citizenship education, and differences in views about class material. Thus, an open classroom climate is able to increase student competence in the field of citizenship education and the reliability of the classroom climate is influenced by various factors, including student characteristics at both the individual and class levels. This research has several limitations, including the survey only focusing on students, not involving variability factors from outside the classroom, and not optimally controlling aspects of student response variability. The findings implied that teachers and stakeholders must pay attention to factors that influence the reliability of classroom climate in order to optimally improve academic competence.
Re--- Os and Lu--- Hf Isotope Constraints on the Origin and Age of Pyroxenites from the Beni Bousera Peridotite Massif: Implications for Mixed Peridotite--- Pyroxenite Mantle Sources

A suite of pyroxenites from the Beni Bousera peridotite massif, northern Morocco, have been analysed for Re–Os and Lu–Hf isotopic compositions. Measured sections of the massif indicate that pyroxenite layers make up between 1 and 9% by volume of the total outcrop. Clinopyroxenes from two Cr-diopside pyroxenites have unradiogenic Hf isotope compositions (Hfi -7·7 to -8·5) whereas those of the Al-augite suite are more radiogenic (Hfi 9·4 to 25·6). In general, the Nd–Hf isotope compositions of the pyroxenites lie close to the mantle array. One garnet pyroxenite lies significantly below the mantle Hf–Nd isotope array such that it requires an ancient history characterized by high Lu/Hf and Sm/Nd but low Lu/Hf relative to Sm/Nd. As with the Sm–Nd and Rb–Sr systems, parent–daughter and isotopic ratios for the Lu–Hf system have been recently decoupled by a partial melting event associated with transfer of the massif from mantle to crust. This created highly fractionated Sm/Nd and Lu/Hf ratios in many rocks and the pyroxenites can be referred to as ‘residual’. The near-solidus extraction of a siliceous melt from the pyroxenites is also a possible explanation for the orthopyroxene-rich margins to numerous pyroxenite layers, via reaction with peridotite. Pyroxenite Os isotope compositions are much more radiogenic than their host peridotites. In contrast to the non-systematic Nd and Hf model ages, a large portion of the pyroxenite Re–Os model ages cluster between 1·2 and 1·4 Ga, within error of the model ages defined by many Ronda pyroxenites and close to the precise 1·43 ± 0·07 Ga Lu–Hf isochron defined by clinopyroxenes from the peridotites. The Re–Os system thus seems to have been more robust to late-stage melting events that decoupled Sm/Nd and Lu/Hf isotope systematics in the pyroxenites. In contrast to pyroxenites measured from Ronda, some Beni Bousera pyroxenites have relatively radiogenic Os isotope compositions at high Os concentrations (0·18 to >2 ppb), comparable with values reported for some cratonic pyroxene-rich xenoliths. In contrast to cratonic eclogites, most pyroxenites analysed here and those reported in the literature lie close to the mantle Nd–Hf isotope array. The Nd–Sr–Pb–Hf isotopic compositions and stable isotope characteristics of these pyroxenites reflect signatures from recycled oceanic crust and sediment. Hence, mixing of such material, if present within the convecting mantle, with peridotite, could account for some of the heterogeneity seen in oceanic basalts. Small amounts of pyroxenite incorporated into peridotite can also produce the radiogenic Os isotope signatures evident in the source of oceanic basalts. However, these observations alone do not require pyroxenite to be an integral part of the convecting upper-mantle magma source region. The spectrum of Nd, Hf and Os isotope compositions also makes them a suitable component to explain some of the isotopic characteristics of the source regions of ultrapotassic magmas.
Application of Satellite-Derived Surface Soil Moisture Data to Simulating Seasonal Precipitation by a Simple Soil Moisture Transfer Method

Abstract A simple algorithm is presented for transferring root-zone soil moisture from surface soil moisture data on a global scale. Analysis of offline soil moisture data shows that the climatological relationship between surface and root-zone soil moisture becomes linear when appropriate time lags are applied. The climatological relationship of root-zone soil moisture among different land surface models (LSMs) is also linear; therefore, the root-zone and surface soil moisture obtained from one LSM can be applied to another. The algorithm is then applied to the surface soil moisture observations made by the precipitation radar on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation radar (TRMM/PR), and the transferred root-zone soil moisture is input to a general circulation model (GCM) summer—June, July, August—precipitation simulation as the boundary condition. The approach is computationally efficient, and the simulation using the root-zone soil moisture by the transfer method is much better th.