Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resilience and Well-Being Among Young Adults in Jakarta During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Correlational Study

This study intended to test the relationship between resilience and well-being among young adults in Jakarta during the Covid-19 Pandemic. In light of the amount and sort of adaptations and adjustments brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic on various aspects of the life of the youth, coupled with the questionable social support they receive during the different phases of the pandemic (early on and most recently), enduring such chronic state of stress presented a much needed exploration into their psychological states and resources in order to map out the kind of support and ecosystem needed for the young generation to still be able to thrive in post-pandemic society 5.0. The study made use of correlational statistics to test the relationship between levels of resilience and well-being among young adults in Jakarta during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The participants (gathered via convenience sampling) were 36 young adults in the age range 18-25 years located in Jakarta during the pandemic. Correlational results found significant negative and moderate relationship between resilience and well-being of young adults in Jakarta, r=-0.425, p<. 01. It was found that the higher the resilience, the lower the well-being of young adults in Jakarta during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Hyperphagia, Growth, and Puberty in Children with Angelman Syndrome

Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by lack of maternal UBE3A protein due to a deletion of the chromosome 15q11.2-q13 region, uniparental paternal disomy, imprinting center defect, or pathogenic variant in the UBE3A gene. Characteristics are developmental delay, epilepsy, behavioral, and sleep problems. There is some evidence for hyperphagia, shorter stature, and higher BMI compared to neurotypical children, but longitudinal studies on growth are lacking. In this study, we analyzed prospectively collected data of 145 children with AS, who visited the ENCORE Expertise Center between 2010 and 2021, with a total of 853 visits. Children showed an elevated mean score of 25 on the Dykens Hyperphagia questionnaire (range 11–55) without genotype association. Higher scores were significantly associated with higher body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS) (p = 0.004). Mean height was −1.2 SDS (SD 1.3), mean BMI-SDS was 0.6 (SD 1.7); 43% had a BMI-SDS > 1 and 20% had a BMI-SDS > 2. Higher BMI-SDS was significantly associated with non-deletion genotype (p = 0.037) and walking independently (p = 0.023). Height SDS decreased significantly with age (p < 0.001) and BMI-SDS increased significantly with age (p < 0.001. Onset of puberty was normal. In conclusion, children with AS showed moderate hyperphagia, lower height SDS, and higher BMI-SDS compared to norm data, with increasing deviation from the norm with age. It is uncertain how loss of maternal UBE3A function may influence growth. Attention to diet, exercise, and hyperphagia from an early age is recommended to prevent obesity and associated health problems.
Statins in Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: Statins, apart from their plasma-cholesterol-lowering ability, exert several pleiotropic effects, making them a potential treatment for other diseases. Animal studies have showed that statins, through the inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, can affect the Ras/MAPK pathway, thus providing impetus to examine the efficacy of statins in the pediatric population with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We aimed to systematically address all relevant evidence of statin treatment in children with NF1. Methods: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library resources up to 2 June 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) written in English and evaluating statins versus placebo in children with NF1 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023439424). Results: Seven RCTs were suitable to be included in this qualitative synthesis, with a total participation of 336 children with NF1. The duration of the studies ranged from 12 to 52 weeks. The mean age of the pediatric population was 10.9 years old. Three studies investigated the role of simvastatin, while four studies examined lovastatin. According to our analysis, neither simvastatin nor lovastatin improved cognitive function, full-scale intelligence, school performance, attention problems, or internalizing behavioral problems when compared with placebo in children with NF1. Statins were well tolerated in all included RCTs. Conclusion: Although safe, current evidence demonstrates that statins exert no beneficial effect in cognitive function and behavioral problems in children with NF1.
Negotiating Sexuality: Adolescent Initiation Rituals and Cultural Change in Rural Southern Tanzania

By MEGHAN COLLEEN HALLEY This dissertation examines of multiple factors shaping adolescent sexuality within the rapidly changing context of rural Mtwara, Tanzania. Rural Mtwara provides a particularly interesting context in which to examine adolescent sexuality because the historical isolation of this region has fostered the continued practice of adolescent initiation rituals. Referred to as unyago for girls and jando for boys, these rituals involve instructing youth on adult life, including sexual activity and reproduction. However, recent changes in the region, including the discovery of oil and natural gas and the expansion of formal education, are reshaping the cultural environment of rural Mtwara, introducing new structural and ideological influences and challenging existing cultural norms surrounding adolescent sexuality. A close examination of unyago and jando reveal that these practices play an underlying role in shaping adolescent sexuality both by marking the transition to adolescence and, thus, to sexual maturity, and by communicating the expectations of male and female sexual roles to youth. However, a broader examination of the
Region Selective Fusion Network for Robust RGB-T Tracking

RGB-T tracking utilizes thermal infrared images as a complement to visible light images in order to perform more robust visual tracking in various scenarios. However, the highly aligned RGB-T image pairs introduces redundant information, the modal quality fluctuation during tracking also brings unreliable information. Existing RGB-T trackers usually use channel-wise multi-modal feature fusion in which the low-quality features degrades the fused features and causes trackers to drift. In this work, we propose a region selective fusion network that first evaluates each image region by cross-modal and cross-region modeling, then removes low-quality redundant region features to alleviate the negative effects caused by unreliable information in multi-modal fusion. Besides, the region removal scheme brings a efficiency boost as redundant features are removed progressively, this enables the tracker to run at a high tracking speed. Extensive experiments show that the proposed tracker achieves competitive performance with a real-time tracking speed on multiple RGB-T tracking benchmarks including LasHeR, RGBT234 and GTOT.
Integrated Digital Payment, Digital Marketing, and Pricing Perception for Decision Purchase of Fruits and Vegetables E-Commerce

Information technology advancements have made it easier for people to carry out daily tasks such as shopping for necessities, including fruits and vegetables that are consumed daily. The objective of this research is to assess how online sales of fruits and vegetables are affected by digital marketing strategies, digital payment options, and pricing. This study uses quantitative data research. This research employs descriptive and verification analysis as its method of data analysis. A descriptive analysis is conducted with respondents using questionnaires to obtain a description of the research variables. SmartPLS is the technique used to verify data—an e-commerce fruit and vegetable consumer sample of 384 respondents. The study results indicate that digital payment and digital marketing variables significantly impact online vegetable and fruit purchasing decisions. Digital payment and digital marketing variables do not significantly affect the prices of vegetables and fruits in e-commerce. The variable of price does not act as a mediator in purchasing decisions.
Overexpressing GmCGS2 Improves Total Amino Acid and Protein Content in Soybean Seed

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) is an important source of plant protein, the nutritional quality of which is considerably affected by the content of the sulfur-containing amino acid, methionine (Met). To improve the quality of soybean protein and increase the Met content in seeds, soybean cystathionine γ-synthase 2 (GmCGS2), the first unique enzyme in Met biosynthesis, was overexpressed in the soybean cultivar “Jack”, producing three transgenic lines (OE3, OE4, and OE10). We detected a considerable increase in the content of free Met and other free amino acids in the developing seeds of the three transgenic lines at the 15th and 75th days after flowering (15D and 75D). In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of genes related to Met biosynthesis from the aspartate-family pathway and S-methyl Met cycle was promoted in developing green seeds of OE10. Ultimately, the accumulation of total amino acids and soluble proteins in transgenic mature seeds was promoted. Altogether, these results indicated that GmCGS2 plays an important role in Met biosynthesis, by providing a basis for improving the nutritional quality of soybean seeds.
Groundwater and geotechnical controls on landslide mechanisms of coastal cliffs formed in glacial till

Landslides behave in a complex manner especially in terms of the relationship between groundwater variation and the mechanisms of movement; a relationship that remains poorly understood. The aim of this research is to improve the understanding of landslide movement patterns for coastal cliffs. The objectives are (1) to understand controls on landslide initiation; (2) to evaluate landslide movement patterns so as to explain the development to failure and their mechanisms; and (3) to investigate the hysteresis relationship between groundwater and displacement rate. Field monitoring has been undertaken at Upgang, a cliff formed in glacial till in North Yorkshire, UK (54.29° N and 0.38° W) for 30 months between 2010 and 2012. The monitored section extends 250 m along the coast and is 30 m high. The characteristics of the cliff face and its deformation over time were monitored monthly by terrestrial laser scanning. The landslide complex displays seasonal movements, associated with rotational failures, sliding and deterioration of the failed mass into a complex of mudslides. Movement is dominated both by groundwater variations resulting from precipitation, and marine cutting of the cliff toe. Data from a reactivating landslide, situated at the upper till section of the cliff, was selected to characterise post-failure change. The high spatial and temporal resolutions of the monitoring undertaken in this research allow these processes to be better understood. Uniquely, this study combines three detailed datasets including terrestrial laser scanning, in-situ monitoring and rigorous laboratory testing to explore the controls on the nature and style of landslide movement. The results demonstrate that reactivation of the landslide occurred in phases of accelerated (0.2 – 6.27 mm/hr), slow (< 0.2 mm/hr) and negligible movements, which were found to be influenced by the fluctuation of groundwater. A complex relationship has been found at the reactive shallow landslide, where the onset of accelerated movements corresponds to an increase in groundwater at the landslide base. Two types of hysteresis patterns, both clockwise (Strain hardening) and anti-clockwise (Strain softening), relating groundwater and displacement rate, were observed. The key controlling mechanism appears to be plastic deformation. The varied velocities are dependent on the stress state controlled by both rate of change in groundwater and absolute groundwater level. The intensity of rainfall has a significant effect on the style of movement. The results have wider implications for understanding the controls on landslide movement in coastal cliffs and reactivation landslides.
Satellite-Based Distribution of Inverse Altitude Effect of Global Water Vapor Isotopes: Potential Influences on Isotopes in Climate Proxies

The widely-distributed altitude effect of stable isotopes in meteoric water, i.e., the negative correlation between stable hydrogen (or oxygen) isotope compositions and altitude, is the theoretical basis of isotope paleoaltimetry in climate proxies. However, as many recent local observations have indicated, the inverse altitude effect (IAE) in meteoric water does exist, and the regime controlling IAE is still unclear on a global scale. Based on a remote sensing product of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), we examined the global frequency of IAE in water vapor isotopes, and the possible influences on isotopes in precipitation and climate proxies. According to the satellite-based δD values in water vapor at 2950 m and 4220 m above sea level, frequent IAEs are observed on a daily scale in North Africa, West and Central Asia, and North America, and IAEs are more likely to occur during the daytime than during the nighttime. We also converted water vapor δD to precipitation δD via equilibrium fractionation and then analyzed the potential presence of IAE in precipitation, which is more associated with climate proxies, and found that the spatial and temporal patterns of water vapor can be transferred to the precipitation. In addition, different thresholds of δD difference were also tested to understand the impact of random errors. The potential uncertainty of the changing isotope and altitude gradient should be considered in paleo-altitude reconstructions.
Pregnant female and near term embryos of the honeycomb stingray Himantura uarnak (Chondrichthyes – Dasyatidae) from Mersin Bay, northeastern Mediterranean

The honeycomb stingray Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789) is one of the non-indigenous species in habiting eastern Mediterranean Sea. A single pregnant female was accidentally captured in March 2022 in the commercial purse seiner fishing. The taxonomic identification of this species has been confirmed by using DNA barcoding. The present study provides the first account of a gravid female and near term embryos H. uarnak, captured off the coast of Mersin Bay, Türkiye. Data of near term embryos, suggests that parturition occurred in either end of March or early April.
Fibular Strut Graft with Cannulated Hip Screw of Neglected Femoral Neck Fracture in a Young Adult: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Neglected femoral neck fractures in young adults (age <60) pose a major challenge in terms of appropriate treatments for each specific condition. AIM: The objective of this case report is to explain the presentation of neglected femoral neck fractures and its clinical consequences and to discuss the management of the disease. CASE PRESENTATION: This case presents a 14-year-old male with neglected displaced fracture of femoral neck, which was successfully managed by closed reduction and internal fixation with two cannulated screws and non- vascularized fibular strut graft. CONCLUSION: Femoral neck fractures in young adults are considered as a rare fracture case, eventually it was associated with serious complications. The management of this type of fractures in children is challenging, particularly that of a neglected fracture. Fibular strut graft with two cannulated hip screws for neglected femoral neck fractures in children considered to be cost-effective and technically less demanding as well as associated with good outcomes.
Digital interventions for common mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background In low-resource settings, e-mental health may substantially increase access to evidence-based interventions for common mental disorders. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify randomised trials examining the effects of digital interventions with or without therapeutic guidance compared to control conditions in individuals with anxiety and/or depression symptoms in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods The main outcome was the reduction in symptoms at the post-test. Secondary outcomes included improvements in quality of life and longer-term effects (≥20 weeks post-randomisation). The effect size Hedges’ g was calculated using the random effects model. Results A total of 21 studies (23 comparisons) with 5.296 participants were included. Digital interventions were more effective than controls in reducing symptoms of common mental disorders at the post-test (g = −0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.26 to −0.52, p < 0.001; NNT = 2.91). These significant effects were confirmed when examining depressive (g = −0.77, 95% CI −1.11; −0.44) and anxiety symptoms separately (g = −1.02, 95% CI −1.53 to −0.52) and across all other sensitivity analyses. Digital interventions also resulted in a small but significant effect in improving quality of life (g = 0.32, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.45) at the post-test. Over the longer term, the effects were smaller but remained significant for all examined outcomes. Heterogeneity was moderate to high in all analyses. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses did not result in significant outcomes in any of the examined variables (e.g., guided vs. unguided interventions). Conclusions Digital interventions, with or without guidance, may effectively bridge the gap between treatment supply and demand in LMICs. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to draw firm conclusions regarding the magnitude of the effects of digital interventions.
Recent Developments in the Hybridization of the Freeze-Drying Technique in Food Dehydration: A Review on Chemical and Sensory Qualities

Freeze-drying is an excellent method for dehydration due to its benefits, including increased shelf-life, unique texture, and, in particular, good nutritive quality. However, the applicability of traditional freeze-drying systems in the food industry is still challenging owing to their prolonged drying duration, extraordinary energy usage, and high process cost. Therefore, the need to upgrade or develop conventional freeze-dryers for common or sophisticated food structures is ever-increasing. Enhancements to the freeze-drying process can significantly speed up drying and reduce energy consumption while maintaining phytochemicals, physical quality, and sensory attributes in final products. To overcome the downsides of conventional freeze-drying, hybrid freeze-drying methods were introduced with a great potential to provide food products at shorter drying durations, lower costs, and environmental friendliness while resulting in the same nutritive and sensory qualities as that of conventional freeze-drying in special circumstances. An overview of the most current improvements, adaptations, and applications of hybrid freeze-drying in food dehydration is given here. In this review, comparative studies are offered to characterize the drying process from the standpoint of chemical quality and sensory attributes. All the reviewed studies confirmed that the nutritional and sensory qualities of the end product can be retained using hybrid freeze-drying almost to the same extent as using single freeze-drying. It was also inferred that hybrid freeze-drying can surpass conventional freeze-drying and allow for obtaining dried products with characteristics typical of raw material if operating parameters are optimized based on product quality and energy usage.
Observed Cloud Type‐Sorted Cloud Property and Radiative Flux Changes With the Degree of Convective Aggregation From CERES Data

Cloud‐radiation interactions are a critical mechanism for convective self‐aggregation, especially the longwave radiative cooling of low clouds and environments. In this study, two data products from CERES observations combined with MERRA‐2 reanalysis are used to understand the changes of cloud properties and radiative fluxes by cloud type with the degree of convective aggregation at the 1000‐km scale, which is represented by the number of cloud objects (N), simple convective aggregation index (SCAI), modified SCAI (MCAI) or convective organization potential (COP). The changes with SCAI are similar to those with N as an index, agreeing with previous studies using grid‐averaged properties. For changes from weak to strong degrees of aggregation using N and SCAI, area fractions of middle‐ and high‐level cloud types decrease by up to 4% but those of low‐level cloud types increase by up to 2%, and more infrared radiation is emitted to space (2–8 W m−2) from optically thin cloud types but more solar radiation is reflected (2–4 W m−2) from optically‐thick cloud types. However, using COP (MCAI to lesser extent), area fractions of optically‐thick cloud types increase, which emit less infrared radiation and reflect more solar radiation, whereas the area fractions of low‐level clouds decrease. These results can be explained by greater expansion of cloud object sizes for COP than MCAI/SCAI as the degree of convective aggregation increases, which also explains the difference between SCAI and MCAI pertaining to the opposite changes of optically‐thick high‐level clouds. These results can have implications for understanding convective self‐aggregation.
Machine Reading Comprehension for Multiclass Questions on Thai Corpus

Previous Thai question answering and machine reading comprehension researches focus on small scale dataset and do not utilize the deep learning approach to build the models. In this research, we develop a Thai machine reading comprehension (MRC) model on Thai MRC dataset provided by NECTEC. This dataset consists of 17,000 question-answer pairs and has two classes of questions, which are factoid and yes-no questions. We use BIDAF as the based MRC architecture. We have performed experiments with 3 different multiclass model designs, which includes special tokens, joint, and cascade model. We also utilize contextual embeddings for Thai language to enhance the model's performance. As the results suggest�that cascade architecture has the best F1 performance. We then incorporate transfer learning and modify the attention mechanisms to increase the model's accuracy on yes-no questions.
On The Calving of Ice From Floating Glaciers and Ice Shelves

The deformation and the state of stress in the frontal part of a floating glacier is analysed by a method analogous with the beam theory, applied in engineering practice for determining stresses and deflections of a beans of an elastic material. Very rough approximations are made, the most severe being that of assuming the viscosity of the ice constant. Curves showing the progress in time of the deflections and the stresses in the frontal part of the glacier are given for the case of an infinitely wide glacier. The curves show, that the stresses are greatest at a cross-section situated at a distance of about the thickness of the glacier from the front, and that the stresses are of a magnitude which very likely will lead to fracture, resulting in the formation of an iceberg. It is shown that the magnitude of the icebergs as well as the frequency of the calving is a function of the thickness, the density, and the temperature of the glacier. Observations from nature supporting the theory are described. Finally other calving mechanisms for floating glaciers are briefly discussed.