Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of postoperative sore throat after using a new technique of insertion of a second generation Laryngeal Mask Airway

BACKGROUND Sore throat is a common complication after Laryngeal Mask Airway Supreme (SLMA) insertion. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether a new SLMA insertion technique (not removing the pilot tube blocker before insertion) lowers the incidence of sore throat in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU). DESIGN A prospective, single-centre, parallel randomised controlled trial. SETTING Operating room and PACU at a hospital in China from June to September 2019. PATIENTS Four hundred and eight patients aged 18 to 65 years with American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status class I or II who were scheduled for elective surgery requiring anaesthesia and SLMA insertion. INTERVENTIONS Leaving the blocker at the end of the pilot tube in situ (this blocker keeps the valve open and the balloon remains partially inflated but will deflate with pressure) or removing the blocker and actively deflating the cuff before SLMA insertion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative sore throat in the PACU. The secondary outcomes included sore throat severity (Prince Henry Hospital Pain Score), first-attempt success rate, ease of insertion, time to successful SLMA insertion, oropharyngeal leak pressure, grade of view on fibreoptic bronchoscopy (indicating the accuracy of SLMA positioning) and adverse events. RESULTS The incidence of sore throat was 33/204 (16.2%) in the nonremoval group, and 65/204 (31.9%) in the removal group (P < 0.001). The first-attempt success rate was 174/204 (85.3%) in the nonremoval group and 150/204 (73.76%) in the removal group (P = 0.003; relative risk 1.160, 95% CI 1.049 to 1.282). The Kaplan--Meier curves showed that the insertion time in the nonremoval group was shorter (log-rank P = 0.01). CONCLUSION The new insertion technique, leaving the blocker attached to the end of the pilot balloon, resulted in a reduced incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat in the PACU, and an improved first-attempt success rate and the accuracy of SLMA positioning. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR1900023022
Building Speech Recognition System from Untranscribed Data Report from JHU workshop 2016

Lukáš Burget , Sanjeev Khudanpur , Najim Dehak , Jan Trmal , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach , Graham Neubig , Shinji Watanabe , Daichi Mochihashi , Takahiro Shinozaki , Ming Sun , Chunxi Liu , Matthew Wiesner , Raghavendra Pappagari , Lucas Ondel , Mirko Hannemann , Santosh Kesiraju , Thomas Glarner , Leda Sari , Jinyi Yang , Ondřej Ćıfka , Yibo Yang , Alena Rott , and Jan “Honza” Černocký (editor of the report) 1
Programming Project in an Undergraduate Software Engineering in the New Normal: Challenges and Proposed Solutions

This paper reports the practices of two faculty members of a software engineering course in one university in Manila in terms of programming project requirements during face-to-face sessions (i e , before the COVID-19 pandemic) and the pandemic It presents the challenges of implementing this course requirement in the time of the pandemic as well as the proposed solutions to address these issues It concludes that the activities relating to the software project can still be pursued with modifications and with the teaching styles of the teachers Future research directions are also offered © 2020 Copyright for this paper by its authors Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4 0 International (CC BY 4 0)
Particle Filtering for Nonlinear/Non-Gaussian Systems With Energy Harvesting Sensors Subject to Randomly Occurring Sensor Saturations

In this paper, the particle filtering problem is investigated for a class of nonlinear/non-Gaussian systems with energy harvesting sensors subject to randomly occurring sensor saturations (ROSSs). The random occurrences of the sensor saturations are characterized by a series of Bernoulli distributed stochastic variables with known probability distributions. The energy harvesting sensor transmits its measurement output to the remote filter only when the current energy level is sufficient, where the transmission probability of the measurement is recursively calculated by using the probability distribution of the sensor energy level. The effects of the ROSSs and the possible measurement losses induced by insufficient energies are fully considered in the design of filtering scheme, and an explicit expression of the likelihood function is derived. Finally, the numerical simulation examples (including a benchmark example for nonlinear filtering and the applications in moving target tracking problem) are provided to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed particle filtering algorithm.
Commemoration or commodification? A stakeholder’s discourse around the establishment of the martyrdom museum

Objective: The purpose of the article was to explore a mode of stakeholders’ discussion arrangement with the support of social media platforms, about the project of a new dark- heritage oriented museum. Research Design & Methods: The study was realized within the qualitative approach and case study method. The project of the new museum in Krakow was selected pur-posively for analysis. Findings: The results revealed differences in stakeholders’ demands, barriers in par-ticipative projects as well as how conflicting values are managed. Moreover, the usage of social media may sway the stakeholder’s attributes, as well as enhance participation of the other. Contribution & Value Added: The study contributes by analyzing a multi-stakeholder dialogue focused on the wider museum environment. The practice of participation is hard for effective realization, even if stakeholder expectations are similar.
An Assessment of Open Government Data Benchmark Instruments

: Open Government Data (OGD) is heralded as a pillar for promoting openness and e-Government. Several OGD benchmark instruments have been proposed, and so many options could confuse open data users. We intend to help practitioners and researchers decide which benchmark instrument is most appropriate to evaluate a specific purpose. We aim to investigate the different dimensions that OGD benchmarks evaluate to discover what aspects of publishing and using open data they measure. To achieve this goal, we built upon previous research on how the Open Data Charter principles are measured in OGD assessments and enriched the analysis with additional dimensions. Findings reveal that what differentiates these benchmark instruments is their scope or focus, as their creators have varying interests and objectives. All benchmark instruments measure "data openness"; however, each emphasizes different aspects of "openness. " Concepts measured are deeply connected with the six Charter principles. OGD impact, use, and usefulness are addressed by half of the benchmark instruments. Measurements can be compared. Their assessments can be used to help improve data quality and the conditions for sharing and reusing OGD.
Phytochemical Screening and antioxidant activity of Chlorella vulgaris

Microalgae are rich sources of structurally novel and biologically activemetabolites. Primary and secondary metabolites produced by theseorganisms which have drawn interest of the pharmaceutical industries.In this regard, the study aimed to screening of phytochemicalcompounds and evaluate the total phenolic content and the antioxidantactivity of Chlorella vulgaris. The antioxidant activity of C. vulgariswas tested by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPPH radical scavengingmethod, reducing power assay and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The phytochemical screening exhibited the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids and phenols in all tested solvents which exhibited severalbiological activities. Among the different solvents, acetone extractexhibited the highest scavenging activity with (50.81%). Also, showedreducing power activity estimated with 1.95 mg AAE/g DW andantioxidant capacity recorded 2.58 mg AAE/g DW. In addition,considerable amount of the total phenolic has been detected in acetoneextract recording 3.17 mg GAE/g DW. The results revealed that there isa strong correlation between the antioxidant activity assays and thephenolic content of Chlorella vulgaris.Thus, the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris in dietary supplements willbe effective mediator in scavenging free radicals as it contains widevariety of bioactive compounds.
Arsthinol nanosuspensions: pharmacokinetics and anti‐leukaemic activity on NB4 promyelocytic leukaemia cells

Objectives The organoarsenical arsthinol was used in the 1950s in the treatment of amoebiasis and yaws and was considered as ‘highly tolerated’. The aim of this work was to study its anti‐leukaemic activity and to develop nanosuspensions of the drug, thereby limiting brain concentrations and the risk of encephalopathy.
Studies on natural desmutagens: Screening for vegetable and fruit factors active in inactivation of mutagenic pyrolysis products from amino acids

Juice prepared from cabbage, broccoli, green pepper, egg plant, apple, burdock, shallot, ginger, pineapple and mint leaf were found to possess strong capacities of inactivating the mutagenicity of tryptophane pyrolysis products. In addition, radish, sweet potato, grape, Japanese ginger, cauliflower, beefsteak plant, enokidake mushroom and simeji mushroom were moderatly effective. The other forty one samples were inactive. Among the above eleven samples that inactivated the tryptophan pyroJysate efficiently, egg plant, burdock and broccoli showed the widest spectra of inactivating other mutagenic amino acids pyrolysates. The desmutagenic factor of cabbage is sensitive to heating (100°C) and pronase treatment, suggesting a protein character.
The growth mechanism of apatite nanocrystals assisted by citrate: Relevance to bone biomineralization

Here we report that citrate plays a key dual role in the apatite crystallization: driving a growth pathway via an amorphous precursor and controlling the size of nanocrystals by the non-classical oriented aggregation mechanism. These results provide new insights into bone mineralization, where the role of citrate might be wider than has been thought to date.
Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction Among University Professors in the Selected Central and Eastern European Countries

Abstract Organizational culture and job satisfaction are the most important factors for any university. Research into how satisfied professors are with university culture is crucial in finding ways to increase job satisfaction in the present as well as the future. The aim of our study is to investigate whether the type of organizational culture has any effect on job satisfaction and whether there are any differences between Serbia, Slovenia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study was conducted on 489 professors at universities and colleges in Serbia, Slovenia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study shows that university professors in the three investigated countries have a moderate level of job satisfaction. The case study method was used. The data collection technique applied was a survey conducted among university professors. The survey was conducted electronically, via Google Forms, and the key instrument was a questionnaire. The data were processed using SPSS Statistics 21. The results of the study show that improving perceived organizational support can increase the level of job satisfaction of university professors. It is also very important to emphasize the importance and originality of this study since similar studies have not been conducted before in the three countries mentioned.
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung: An analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database

Abstract Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung (HAL) is a rare malignant tumor that is defined as a primary alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing lung carcinoma. We aimed to identify prognostic factors associated with the survival of patients with HAL using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We collected data from patients diagnosed with HAL, adenocarcinoma (ADC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung between 1975 and 2016 from the SEER database. The clinical features of patients with ADC and SCC of the lung were also analyzed. The clinical features of HALs were compared to ADCs and SCCs. A chi-square test was used to calculate the correlations between categorical variables, and a t test or Mann–Whitney U test was used for continuous variables. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to identify the prognostic factors for the overall survival (OS) of HALs. Two-tailed p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Sixty-five patients with HAL, 2,84,379 patients with ADC, and 1,86,494 with SCC were identified from the SEER database. Fewer males, advanced stages, and more chemotherapy-treated HALs were found. Compared to patients with SCC, patients with HAL were less likely to be male, more likely to be in an advanced stage, and more likely to receive chemotherapy (p < 0.05). The American Joint Committee on Cancer staging was the only prognostic factor for OS in patients with HAL, and stage IV was significantly different from other stages (hazard ratio = 0.045, 95% confidence interval: 0.005–0.398, p = 0.005). Males with HAL were more likely to receive radiotherapy compared to females with HAL (61.8 vs 31.5%, p = 0.034). Younger patients with HAL were more likely to receive chemotherapy (59.4 + 10.2 years vs 69 + 11.3 years, p = 0.001). The primary tumor size of HAL was associated with the location of the primary lesion (p = 0.012). No conventional antitumor therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, were shown to have a significant survival benefit in patients with HAL (p > 0.05). This study showed that stage IV was the only prognostic factor for OS in HALs compared to other clinicopathologic factors. Conventional antitumor therapies failed to show survival benefit; thus, a more effective method by which to treat HAL is needed. Interestingly, the clinical features and the location of the primary lesion were shown to be associated with primary tumor size and treatment in patients with HAL, which have not been reported before.
INVESTOR SENTIMENT AND STOCK MARKET DYNAMICS: A CASE OF PAKISTAN

The main purpose of this article is to confirm that whether investor’s sentiments had any impact on the return of Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). If the results are found to have an impact on returns of KSE, this will mark a new research area in the field to explain variation in returns based on behavioral factors. Time series analysis of auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) is used in this study. The results indicate that our variables are cointegrated in the long run. Investor sentiments were proven to have positive and significant coefficient that indicates its impact on KSE returns. Further, the macroeconomic variable of inflation was also statistically significant. This study will help both practitioners and academicians in the sense that investors are not rational and sentiments dictate their investment decisions. The study proves that investor sentiments have a positive significant coefficient when it comes to explaining market returns. We believe that psychological factors that are rarely studied do have an important bearing on investor's decision making and consequently market returns of Pakistan in particular and world at large.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

: β =-1.09, p<. 001; DSI: β =-2.80, p<. 001). Models were con-trolled for age, gender, education, social activities, and other covariates. Findings suggest that Chinese older adults experi-encing sensory loss are at greater risk of cognitive function declining and that depression play an important role in the relationship between SI and cognition.
The effect of limited versus no tourniquet use on rapid recovery in total knee replacement--a randomized controlled trial

Background: Tourniquets are widely used in TKA, but few articles state the difference in postoperative effects between restricting tourniquet use and not.Objective:We hoping that this experiment will look at the effect of limited tourniquet use on enhanced recovery in TKA. Methods: 150 patients who received TKA in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM from June 2018 to December 2019 were randomly selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: ①limited use tourniquet group: after the completion of osteotomy, tourniquet was applied only when the prosthesis was installed, ②second half tourniquet group: Install prosthesis until suture is complete ③ no tourniquet group: no tourniquet was used throughout. The postoperative venous blood hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, visual analogue scale and HSS score were compared among the three groups. Results: Compared with the restricted use of tourniquet group, the visual analogue scale of knee joint pain and venous blood C-reactive protein level at 1 and 3 d after operation and hemoglobin level at 1 d after operation in the second half of tourniquet group increased and the HSS score at 3 and 7 d after operation decreased (P <0.05). No significant differences in visual analogue scale,HSS score,C-reactive,and hemoglobin between the restricted tourniquet and the no tourniquet. Conclusion: The results confirmed that the use of tourniquet in the second half of TKA would aggravate the early postoperative pain. In the effect of early rehabilitation, there is no significant between limited use of tourniquet or no use.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Swine Effluent Applied to Soil by Different Methods

Greenhouse gas (CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O) emissions were measured in a field experiment evaluating preplant swine effluent application methods for no-till corn (Zea mays L.) grain production. The treatments included a control, an inorganic fertilizer treatment receiving 179 kg N ha -1 as urea-NH 4 NO 3 (UAN), and three effluent application methods that received a target rate of 200 kg N ha -1 . The effluent treatments included surface application, direct injection, and application in combination with soil aeration. Gas emission measurements were initiated after application and collected throughout the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons using a vented chamber technique. There were no significant differences in CO 2 losses, which averaged 738 and 718 g CO 2 m -2 in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Placement of affluent below the soil surface by injection or aeration resulted in elevated CH 4 emissions compared with the control. Injection emitted significantly more CH 4 than surface applications, with emissions of 0.26 and 0.80 g CH 4 m -2 from the injection treatments in 2007 and 2008, respectively. In 2007, N 2 O emissions were similar for the UAN, surface affluent, and aeration effluent treatments, emitting an average of 0.72 g N 2 O m -2 . In contrast, the injection treatment emitted 0.47 g N 2 O m -2 . In 2008, this trend was reversed, with the injection treatment emitting 0.82 g N 2 O m -2 and the remaining N source treatments emitting an average of 0.36 g N 2 O m -2 . These differences between years probably resulted from differences in rainfall distribution. These results demonstrate that climatic conditions and application method need consideration when evaluating the impact of liquid manure management on greenhouse gas emissions.
Degradation of pesticides by ozonation and advanced oxidation

Abstract In the Netherlands many water supply companies are upgrading their surface water treatment plants in order to guarantee the water supply and water quality in the coming years. The Water Supply Company North West Brabant (WNWB) has plans to upgrade their treatment plant at Zevenbergen. In the retrofit plant chlorination will be abandoned and probably ozonation will be the major barrier against microorganisms. Pesticide concentrations will be decreased by three barriers: storage, ozonation and activated carbon filtration. If the ozone dosage is restricted just to reach the required disinfection level at pH 7.2, ozonation is a poor barrier against pesticides. Out of 23 selected pesticides, only 6 were effectively degraded: dimethoate, chlortoluron, diuron, isoproturon, metoxuron and vinclozolin (O3/DOC = 0.55 g/g). Application of an (O3/DOC ratio of 1.0 g/g results in an effective barrier for roughly 50% of the tested pesticides (also for diazinon, parathion-methyl, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, meto.
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Landslides triggered by rainfall are one of the most frequent causes of natural disasters in the tropical and mountainous terrains of the Colombian Andes. All over the world, research studies related to real-time monitoring and definition of critical rainfall thresholds have become fundamental tools for implementing early warning systems (EWS). Although critical rainfall thresholds have been widely incorporated in EWS, in Colombia, few studies have been conducted regarding the influence of rainfall as a trigger for landslides. In this study, a temporal analysis, which includes the correlation between rainfall and landslides for the Aburrá Valley, in the northern Colombian Andes, is carried out. The temporal variability of precipitation was studied, analysing the daily, monthly and annual cycles and patterns and their relationship with landslide occurrence. Landslide occurrence and mean rainfall correlate on a monthly temporal scale, with a clear bimodal temporal pattern. Relationships between rainfall and the recorded landslides for the Aburrá Valley, using different time scales, allowed the correlation of relevant aspects of the landslides triggered by rainfall, such as the ENSO effect and the accumulated and previous precipitation influences. Likewise, it was possible to observe the dependence of landslides on the type of rainfall cycle, with differences in the rainfall-slides correlations for El Niño, La Niña and normal years. This implies a high dependency of soil instability on the type of rainfall, as well as the need to link infiltration analyses with soil stability analyses for the study of landslides triggered by rainfall infiltration processes.
Local Economic and Political Effects of Trade Deals: Evidence from NAFTA

We show that counties whose 1990 employment depended on industries vulnerable to Mexican import competition via the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) suffer large employment losses (relative to the bottom quartile of counties, counties in the top quartile of NAFTA exposure see 5-8 log-point declines in employment by 2000). Despite large employment losses, we can reject even modest population declines. Trade-adjustment-aid relief rises, but covers a tiny share of the job losses we document, and Disability Insurance in fact displays a much larger response. Exposed counties (many in the upper South) begin the period more Democratic in terms of votes in House elections, but as NAFTA is debated in 1992-1994 they shift in the Republican direction and by 2000 vote majority-Republican in House elections. We show with a variety of microdata, including 1992-1994 respondent-level panel data, that opposition to free trade predicts shifts towards Republican party identification. JEL Classification Numbers: D72, F16, H5