Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Population structure and ecology of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer Sparrman, 1779) in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

An investigation of population structure and ecology of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer Sparrman, 1779) was carried out in the Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia during the wet and dry seasons of 2005–2006. Sample counts of African buffaloes were carried out in an area of 1,215 km 2 . The estimated population of buffalo was 2,617 individuals. Males comprised 35.0%, while females 52.8% of the population. The remaining 12% of the population was young of both sexes and of all ages of unknown sex. It was difficult to categorize the young into male and female in the field, as their primary sexual characteristics were not easily visible. Male to female sex ratio was 1.00 : 1.51. Age structure was dominated by adults, which constituted 72.06% of the total population. Subadults comprised 22.02%, and young accounted for 5.9% of the population. Larger herds of up to 27 individuals were observed during the wet season and smaller herds of eight individuals during the dry season. The mean herd size during wet and dry seasons was 24.81 and 7.77, respectively. The African buffaloes were distributed in four habitat types such as grasslands, woodlands, montane forests and riverine habitat in the study area. They were observed more in the riverine vegetation types during the dry season. Relative abundance of food resources, green vegetation cover and water availability in the area were the major factors governing their distribution in the present study area. They spent a greater proportion of the time in feeding and resting/ruminating activities. On the average, 49.7% of the daytime was spent in feeding, and 38.75% of the day on resting (lying down and standing). Morning and the late afternoon activity peaks were more pronounced during the dry season than the wet season.
Modeling Analytics for Computational Storage

Next generation flash storage will be armed with a substantial amount of computing power. In this paper, we investigate opportunities to utilize this computational capability to optimize Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) applications. We have directed our analysis at the performance of a subset of TPC-DS queries using Hadoop clusters and two database engines, SPARK-SQL and Presto. We model the expected speed-up achieved by offloading a few operations that are executed first within most SQL plans. Offloading these operations requires minimal cooperation from the database engine, and no changes to the existing plan. We show that the speed-up achieved varies significantly among queries and between engines, and that the queries benefiting the most are I/O heavy with high selectivity of the "needle in the haystack" variety. Our main contribution is estimating the speed-up anticipated from pushing the execution of a few key SQL building blocks (scan, filter, and project operations) to computational storage when using read optimized, columnar Parquet format files.
Predicting Mid-Air Interaction Movements and Fatigue Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

A common problem of mid-air interaction is excessive arm fatigue, known as the "Gorilla arm" effect. To predict and prevent such problems at a low cost, we investigate user testing of mid-air interaction without real users, utilizing biomechanically simulated AI agents trained using deep Reinforcement Learning (RL). We implement this in a pointing task and four experimental conditions, demonstrating that the simulated fatigue data matches human fatigue data. We also compare two effort models: 1) instantaneous joint torques commonly used in computer animation and robotics, and 2) the recent Three Compartment Controller (3CC-) model from biomechanical literature. 3CC- yields movements that are both more efficient and relaxed, whereas with instantaneous joint torques, the RL agent can easily generate movements that are quickly tiring or only reach the targets slowly and inaccurately. Our work demonstrates that deep RL combined with the 3CC- provides a viable tool for predicting both interaction movements and user experiencein silico, without users.
Revisión de los mantíspidos de la Península Ibérica y Baleares (Insecta, Neuropterida, Neuroptera, Mantispidae)

In this review all existing information on the four species of mantispids lacewings (Insecta, Neuropterida, Neuroptera: Mantispidae) present in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands is reported. Based on the known general data on this family and on these species, an identification key to the Iberian species is included. On the basis of this Iberian information and of the new material now studied, new data on their morphology, biology and geographical, phenological and altitudinal distribution in the study area are noted. It is suggested that there are at least two annual cycles in most of the Iberian species. New and interesting data on the biology and reproductive behavior of imagoes and on the pre-imaginal stages of some species are recorded, and some previously known data are discussed. A new species, Mantispa incorrupta n. sp. , is described, which seems to represent the vicariant species in the western Mediterranean of Mantispa scabricollis McLachlan, 1875, a Pontomediterranean species recorded from Europe in the Greek islands of Lesbos, Chios and Rhodes. A new synonymy: Mantispa Illiger en Kugelann, 1798 = Afromantispa Snyman & Ohl, 2012 n. syn. is propossed.
Evaluating a Personalizable, Inconspicuous Vibrotactile(PIV) Breathing Pacer for In-the-Moment Affect Regulation

Given the prevalence and adverse impact of anxiety, there is considerable interest in using technology to regulate anxiety. Evaluating the efficacy of such technology in terms of both the average effect (the intervention efficacy) and the heterogeneous effect (for whom and in what context the intervention was effective) is of paramount importance. In this paper, we demonstrate the efficacy of PIV, a personalized breathing pacer, in reducing anxiety in the presence of a cognitive stressor. We also quantify the relation between our specific stressor and PIV-user engagement. To our knowledge, this is the first mixed-design study of a vibrotactile affect regulation technology which accounts for a specific stressor and for individual differences in relation to the technology's efficacy. Guidelines in this paper can be applied for designing and evaluating other affect regulation technologies.
Seleção de descritores vegetativos para caracterização de acessos de guariroba (Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc.)

The present paper had the purpose of selecting morphological vegetative descriptors and to determine their relative importance in the characterization of guariroba accesses, as well as to verify the association between discarded and accepted descriptors. Eighteen morphological descriptors, of which 8 relative to the leaf and 10 to the stipe, in 36 guariroba accessions in the State of Goias were evaluated . The discarded descriptors did not cause loss of information, as they presented significant correlations with the descriptors that were accepted. The relative contribution of the selected descriptors was similar for A7A, ENI7180, DFBF, D0, CPC and DPC, with descriptors ENI70 and ENS70 having the lowest contribution.
Impacts of Invasive Oyster Drills on Olympia Oyster (Ostrea lurida Carpenter 1864) Recovery in Willapa Bay, Washington, United States

ABSTRACT The Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida)‡ was historically abundant in Willapa Bay, WA, but populations were decimated by overexploitation in the mid to late-1800s and have failed to recover. We investigated the potential role of two introduced predatory gastropods, the Japanese drill (Ocinebrina inornata) and the eastern drill (Urosalpinx cinerea), in limiting Olympia oyster recovery. We quantified the bay-wide distribution, local abundance, and per capita effects of drills, and asked how each of these three components of total invasion impact might be influenced by another dominant introduced species, the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Bay-wide sampling revealed differences in spatial distribution of the two drill species, with U. cinerea more abundant toward the head of the estuary and O. inornata more abundant toward the mouth. Individual feeding trials indicated that both drill species preferred Pacific oysters to Olympia oysters of similar size, and preferentially attacked smaller oysters. We used field enclosures to quantify the direct effects of Japanese drill predation on Olympia and Pacific oysters, intra and interspecific competition, and indirect effects mediated by the shared predator. Predation reduced the survival of both oyster species, but the per capita impact of Japanese drills declined with increasing density of either Olympia or Pacific oysters, consistent with a type II functional response. This positive indirect effect of Pacific oysters on Olympia oysters was offset by asymmetric competition, in which Pacific oysters reduced Olympia oyster growth and survival but not vice versa. Despite the large drill impacts seen in these experiments, Olympia oysters transplanted to intertidal sites throughout the bay experienced low and variable rates of drill predation compared with other mortality sources. Introduced drills may be only one of a suite of factors that prevent rebuilding of Olympia oysters in the intertidal zone in Willapa Bay.
Genome-wide Association Study Identification of a New Genetic Locus with Susceptibility to Osteoporotic Fracture in the Korean Population

Abstract Osteoporotic fracture (OF), along with bone mineral den-sity (BMD), is an important diagnostic parameter and a clinical predictive risk factor in the assessment of osteo-porosis in the elderly population. However, a genome- wide association study (GWAS) on OF has not yet been clarified sufficiently. To identify OF-associated genetic variants and candidate genes, we conducted a GWAS in a population-based cohort (Korean Association Resource [KARE], n=1,427 [case: 288 and control: 1139]) and per-formed a de novo replication study in hospital-based in-dividuals (Asan and Catholic Medical Center [ACMC], n=1,082 [case: 272 and control: 810]). In a combined meta-analysis, a newly identified genetic locus in an in-tergenic region at 10p11.2 (near genes FZD8 and ANKRD30A) showed the most significant association (odd ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47∼2.74, p=1.27×10 −5 ) in the same direction. We provide the first evidence for a common genetic variant influencing OF and genetic information for further inves-tigation in bone metabolism.Keywords: genomewide association study, meta-analy-sis, osteoporotic fracture, intergenic
E-scooters on the Ground: Lessons for Redesigning Urban Micro-Mobility

The worldwide deployment of rental electric scooters has generated new opportunities for urban mobility, but also intensified conflict over public space. This article reports on an ethnographic study of both rental and privately-owned e-scooters, mapping out the main problems and potentials around this new form of 'micro-mobility'. While it suffers from problems of reliability and conflict, user experience is an important part of e-scooters' appeal, an enjoyable way of 'hacking the city'. E-scooters have a hybrid character: weaving through the city, riders can switch between riding as a pedestrian, a car or a bicycle. Building on these results, we discuss how e-scooters, ridesharing services, and their apps could develop further, alongside the role for HCI in re-thinking urban transport and vehicle design.
Exploring How Game Genre in Student-Designed Games Influences Computational Thinking Development

Game design is increasingly used in modern education to foster Computational Thinking (CT). Yet, it is unclear how and if the game genre of student-designed games impact CT and programming. We explore how game genre impacts CT development and programming routines in Scratch games designed by 8th-grade students using a metrics-based approach (i.e., Dr. Scratch). Our findings show that designing particular games (e.g., action, storytelling) impact CT and programming development. We observe, for instance, that CT skills develop and consolidate fast, after which students can focus on aspects more specific to game design. Based on the results, we suggest that researchers and educators in constructionist learning consider the impact of game genre when designing game-based curricula for the learning of programming and CT.
Bactericidal activity of anacardic acids against Streptococcus mutans and their potentiation

Anacardic acids isolated from the cashew Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) apple and a series of their synthetic analogs, 6-alkylsalicylic acids, were found to be bactericidal against Streptococcus mutans by the time-kill curve method. The maximum antibacterial activity of 6-alkylsalicylic acids against this cariogenic bacterium showed when the carbon length comprised 12 carbon atoms in the side chain. To enhance the bactericidal activity of anacardic acids, various combinations were tested. Synergistic bactericidal activity was found in the combination of anacardic acid [6-[8(Z,11(Z),14-pentadecatrienyl]salicylic acid] and anethole or linalool
Holistic Model for Designing a Climate Service Application on the KaiOS Platform

Interest towards building and operating climate services is constantly growing globally, especially regarding utilization of mobile technologies in those services in the Global South, in order to reach rural farmers effectively. However, multiple issues are currently limiting the design and development of these services for reaching their full impact. Based on a recent field study, we present the criteria for a mobile climate service app for small-scale farmers in Namibia. It will be based on the KaiOS "smart feature phone" platform, and combines holistically climate, weather and agricultural information in a form that guides the farmer through the agricultural cycle. The app is currently in its early development phase, with a set of pre-selected features being built. Further field work with the local farmers will define the final set of features and the eventual user interface (UI) design of the app.
Listen to Developers! A Participatory Design Study on Security Warnings for Cryptographic APIs

The positive effect of security information communicated to developers through API warnings has been established. However, current prototypical designs are based on security warnings for end-users. To improve security feedback for developers, we conducted a participatory design study with 25 professional software developers in focus groups. We identify which security information is considered helpful in avoiding insecure cryptographic API use during development. Concerning console messages, participants suggested five core elements, namely message classification, title message, code location, link to detailed external resources, and color. Design guidelines for end-user warnings are only partially suitable in this context. Participants emphasized the importance of tailoring the detail and content of security information to the context. Console warnings call for concise communication; further information needs to be linked externally. Therefore, security feedback should transcend tools and should be adjustable by software developers across development tools, considering the work context and developer needs.
The Control of Pinna Morphology in Wildtype and Mutant Leaves of the Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

The compound leaf of the wildtype pea exhibits basal stipules, proximal leaflets, and distal tendrils, which are profoundly modified by several recessive genes thought to act as homeotic mutations. The acacia (tl) gene appears to replace simple tendrils with leaflets in the distal region, while the afila (af) gene appears to replace the leaflets with branched tendrils in the proximal region. Morphological analyses of all homozygous and heterozygous combinations of this genetic system indicate that these genes affect many other features of leaf morphology, including leaf length, petiole length, pinna number, and branching order. Moreover, these genes are apparently expressed within the context of preexisting proximal and distal regions in the developing leaf. Pinna identity on the leaves from different genotypes is therefore regulated by the interaction among relative pinna position, morphological region, and genetic background. Current models of pea leaf development fail to account for several characteristics of pea leaves, such as (1) the leaf phenotype of the double recessive mutant called pleiofila, which consists of novel compound pinnae with very small terminal leaflets, (2) mixed pairs of proximal and distal pinnae, and (3) intermediate narrow leaflets/broad tendrils in certain heterozygotes. Starting with the assumption that the pleiofila leaf represents the ground state of the pea leaf, the available evidence indicates that the dominant Af and Tl genes are acting as heterochronic mutations that determine the timing of lamina formation and axis termination, with the result that these genes cause the observed morphological changes in pinna identity.
Robots for Inclusive Play: Co-designing an Educational Game With Visually Impaired and sighted Children

Despite being included in mainstream schools, visually impaired children still face barriers to social engagement and participation. Games could potentially help, but games that cater for both visually impaired and sighted players are scarce. We used a co-design approach to design and evaluate a robot-based educational game that could be inclusive of both visually impaired and sighted children in the context of mainstream education. We ran a focus group discussion with visual impairment educators to understand barriers to inclusive play. And then a series of co-design workshops to engage visually impaired and sighted children and educators in learning about robot technology and exploring its potential to support inclusive play experiences. We present design guidelines and an evaluation workshop of a game prototype, demonstrating group dynamics conducive to collaborative learning experiences, including shared goal setting/execution, closely coupled division of labour, and interaction symmetry.
Caliper

We introduce Caliper, a technique for accurately estimating performance interference occurring in shared servers. Caliper overcomes the limitations of prior approaches by leveraging a micro-experiment-based technique. In contrast to state-of-the-art approaches that focus on periodically pausing co-running applications to estimate slowdown, Caliper utilizes a strategic phase-triggered technique to capture interference due to co-location. This enables Caliper to orchestrate an accurate and low-overhead interference estimation technique that can be readily deployed in existing production systems. We evaluate Caliper for a broad spectrum of workload scenarios, demonstrating its ability to seamlessly support up to 16 applications running simultaneously and outperform the state-of-the-art approaches.
"You Don't Have To Know My Past": How WeChat Moments Users Manage Their Evolving Self-Presentation

Most social media platforms record, display, and archive users' personal histories. This persistence of posts over time can be problematic, as users' self-presentation goals and network composition change, but old content remains. In this paper, we explore an alternative feature that provides control over content persistence. We present findings from interviews with 16 users of the popular Chinese social media platform WeChat Moments. We focused on Moments' Time Limit setting, which makes social media data ephemeral to audiences, but persistent to posters. Interviewees described changes in their self-presentation goals and social network composition over time and reported the Time Limit feature helped them effortlessly manage their desired self-presentation as they matured. Drawing on these findings, we discuss design implications for social media to facilitate greater control over content visibility and persistence, which may have significant benefits for social media users with large and diverse networks.
Makers in Healthcare: The Role of Occupational Therapists in the Design of DIY Assistive Technology

Advancements in personal fabrication technologies (e.g. 3D printing) resulted in a rising interest in 'do-it-yourself assistive technology' (DIY AT). Clinical knowledge is considered fundamental for DIY AT design, but research into making DIY AT by clinicians is limited. In this paper, we explore occupational therapists' attitudes towards 3D printing both before and after gaining hands-on experience with 3D modelling software. In addition, as clinicians indicate to prefer collaborations with experienced designers, we organized a codesign study with occupational therapists and professional designers to conceptualize a feasible collaborative DIY-AT design process. The results of our studies show an overall enthusiasm of occupational therapists towards 3D printing, but the perceived impact of 3D printing on their job performance decreased after gaining hands-on experience. Collaborating with designers seems a viable way forward. We propose a model for a collaborative design process, highlighting different phases and the roles that occupational therapists and designers play.
Trinexapac-ethyl e adubação nitrogenada na cultura do trigo

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of trinexapac-ethyl and nitrogen doses on the agronomic performance and grain yield of three wheat cultivars. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme, with three replications. The treatments were two nitrogen fertilization doses (60 and 20 kg ha-1), three wheat cultivars (BRS 208, BRS 220, and BRS Guamirim), four trinexapac-ethyl doses (0, 70, 140, and 210 g a.i. ha-1) and two harvest years (2008 and 2009). In the Pato Branco microregion, the nitrogen rate of 60 kg ha-1 was sufficient to maximize the yield potential of the evaluated cultivars. Regardless of the height of the cultivar plants, trinexapac-ethyl showed no positive effect on grain yield, with negative effect under water-deficit stress.
Understanding Older Adults' Participation in Design Workshops

Design workshops are a popular means of including older adults in technology development. However, there are open questions around how to best scaffold this participation, particularly in supporting older adults to associate their designs with themselves, rather than designing for an "other older adult. " By conducting workshops focusing on envisioning the future of internet of things (IoT) technologies at home, we provide an understanding of how older individuals participate in group activities to conceptualize technology for themselves. We find that at different stages of the design process, individuals shift in who they envision the end user of the technology: at first, they think about common older adult needs, then turn to designing for themselves. Individuals' attitudes towards technology also impact group dynamics along with final design ideas. Our discussion contributes to an understanding of how to support older adults in designing for themselves, new perspectives on aging-in-place technologies, and recommendations for configuring design workshops with older individuals.