Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies in Hypersonic Flows for Facility and Code Validation

A series of experimental studies have been conducted to aid in the design of flight experiments and provide measurements to examine key turbulent phenomena which must be modeled in numerical prediction techniques to describe regions of boundary layer transition and shock wave/boundary layer interaction. Studies were conducted in the LENS I tunnel with a full-scale model of the flight vehicle at conditions which duplicated those predicted for the flight trajectory between Mach numbers between 6 and 8. The major objective of this part of the experimental program was to examine the aerothermal characteristics of a series of cone/cylinder flare configurations to aid in the selection of the specific configuration to be used in the AFOSR-sponsored FRESH-FX flight test program. High-frequency surface heat transfer and pressure measurements, as well as high-speed Schlieren photography, were employed to examine the characteristics of regions of boundary layer transition and shock wave/boundary layer interaction over the conical forebody and the cone/flare junction of the model in tests conducted at three sets of test conditions along the projected flight path. The first set of studies was made to examine the effects of nosetip bluntness on the location and characteristics of the transitional flow over the conical forebody. The measurements of the position of transition were compared with the predictions from the DPLR and STABL codes to establish an "n-factor" for the tunnel measurements which was then employed to extrapolate the transition to flight. Measurements of heating levels both upstream and downstream of transition were compared with simple numerical empirical prediction methods as well as with calculations with the DPLR code. The empirical schemes gave excellent predictions while the results from the numerical solutions were sensitive to the turbulence/compressibility model selected. The flow over cylinder/flare junction was examined for a series of flare angles and flight conditions as well as post-test predictions of the heating levels and transition locations over the conical/cylinder configurations examined in this program. Additional calculations of regions of shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction are compared with earlier measurements of heat transfer and pressure obtained in fully turbulent Mach 11 flows over large cone/flare configuration The characteristics of transition regions over an isentropic inlet proposed for an axisymmetric scramjet were examined in Mach 9 flows at conditions which duplicated the proposed flight conditions. Here we present measurements demonstrating the unsteady characteristics of the transition region as well as present distributions of the heat transfer rates developed in these flows. Studies were also conducted at the same hypervelocity test conditions on a 7° cone. Both sets of data have been compared with predictions using the DPLR and STABL codes to evaluate the accuracy in these predictions of transition onset and mean aerothermal quantities.
Adoption of machine learning for medical diagnosis

The healthcare industry has historically been an early adopter of technology advancements and has reaped significant benefits. Machine learning (an artificial intelligence subset) is being used in a variety of health-related fields, including the invention of new medical treatments, the management of patient data and records, and the treatment of chronic diseases. One of the most important uses of machine learning in healthcare is the detection and diagnosis of diseases and conditions that are otherwise difficult to identify. This can range from tumors that are difficult to detect in their early stages to other hereditary illnesses. This research identifies and discusses the various usages of machine learning in medical diagnosis.
Hostile, Quick-Tempered, and Exposed to Dangerous Environments: Exploring the Link Between Temperament and the Street Code Adherence

Although Elijah Anderson’s code of the street thesis has received a great deal of scholarly attention, fewer studies have examined the characteristics associated with its adoption. Existing evidence is supportive of Anderson’s initial observations, however, less is known about the association between personality and emotional characteristics and adopting street code norms. The current study assesses the role of DeLisi and Vaughn’s difficult temperament index in the adoption of the street code among a sample of juvenile justice-involved youth. Results indicated youth with more difficult temperaments, characterized by lower levels of effortful control and higher levels of negative emotionality, were more likely to report greater street code adherence. Implications for juvenile justice policy and future research are discussed.
The Effect of Curing Time on Compressive Strength of Composite Cement Concrete

The effect of curing condition of five different composition of Portland composite cement (PCC) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) were investigated in this study. Compressive strength development of five different concrete types has been investigated in terms of cement content and curing duration. From the experimental observation, it is found that the early age strength of concrete made with PCC is lower than that of concrete made with OPC due to the presence of fly ash in PCC which is responsible for the pozzolanic reaction. The continued pozzolanic activity of fly ash contributes to increase strength gain at later ages at continued curing condition. It is also found that drying ambient conditions reduction of the strength potential of concrete made with PCC because the secondary (pozzolanic) reaction fails to contribute to the development of strength.
Compact Model of a pH Sensor with Depletion-Mode Silicon-Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor

A compact model of a depletion-mode silicon-nanowire (Si-NW) pH sensor is proposed. This drain current model is obtained from the Pao-Sah integral and the continuous charge-based model, which is derived by applying the parabolic potential approximation to the Poisson's equation in the cylindrical coordinate system. The threshold-voltage shift in the drain-current model is obtained by solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation for the electrolyte. The simulation results obtained from the proposed drain-current model for the Si-NW field-effect transistor (SiNWFET) agree well with those of the three-dimensional (3D) device simulation, and those from the Si-NW pH sensor model also agree with the experimental data.
Factors Affecting Emotional Responses in Mobile Phone Design Evaluation

Emotion is elicited by products upon closer inspection before purchase. The pre-purchase situation is very important because it is at this stage that consumers make a decision to buy a product. This study identified the relationship between mobile phone attributes and pre-purchase emotion. The moderating effect of selected purchase criteria to the relationship between attributes and emotion was also be investigated. Forty two participants voluntarily took part in this field survey. Results of the study suggested that phone attributes related to dimension and form can predict pre-purchase emotion. The size of the navigation button was found to be a significant predictor of all pre-purchase emotion except excitement. Larger navigation buttons elicited greater intensities of positive emotion. Other phone attributes were also found to be significant predictors of some emotions. Design preference moderated the relationship between the size of the navigation button and feelings of encouragement to buy.
Uplink and Downlink of LTE-Release 10 in Cellular Communications

In LTE-Advanced, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) has been selected as the multiple access scheme for downlink and single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) for uplink. OFDM is an attractive modulation technique in a cellular environment to combat frequency selective fading channels with a relatively low- complexity receiver. However, OFDM requires an expensive and inherently inefficient power amplifier in the transmitter due to the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the multicarrier signa l. This paper, presents the main components of LTE-Advanced including the all the details of Uplink (SC-FDMA) and Downlink (OFDMA). Also this paper clarifies the main reasons of using SC-FDMA in uplink and using OFDMA in downlink only, in order to obtain flexible mobile communication technology. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/ij-ict.v1i1. 557
ANALYTICAL MODELLING OF THE SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF PRECAST CONCRETE FRAMES DESIGNED WITH DUCTILE CONNECTIONS

Pure precast beam-column systems incorporate unbonded reinforced at the critical sections, causing strain incompatibility between steel and concrete. As a result, classical section analysis method, well know for characterising monolithic concrete members, cannot be directly applicable to these systems. This paper provides a section analysis method suitable for precast members, incorporating, through an analogy with equivalent cast-in-place solution named “monolithic beam analogy”, an additional condition on the member global displacement. The proposed method was first validated with the experimental data from tests on beam-column Hybrid subassemblages. Using appropriate hysteresis rules and the response envelopes defined by the section analysis method, a prediction of the behaviour of the PRESSS test building was carried out. Satisfactory agreements obtained between the analytical and experimental results confirm the validity of the suggested methodology. Derivation of the method and experimental validation are herein presented.
Growth and survivorship of Vetiveria zizanioides in degraded soil by gold-mining in the Peruvian Amazon

In the Peruvian Amazon, large area of primary forest have been deforested by Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM). Vetiveria zizanioides (Poaceae) is considered an excellent plant for the ecological restoration of degraded lands. The present study aimed to analyze the growth and survivorship of V. zizanioides in degraded soils by gold-mining in the Peruvian Amazon (Madre de Dios). The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, and it followed a randomized complete block design with four treatments (substrates). The substrates were sand (mining), sand+pebbles (mining), forest soil, and amended soil. We evaluated the survivorship, shoot, tiller, and biomass production of V. zizanioides for two months. Univariate analysis of variance was used to detect differences among treatments. Fifteen days after experiment establishment, V. zizanioides survivorship was significantly higher in ASGM substrate 2 (sand+pebbles) than in other substrates, following the order of ASGM substrate 1 (sand) > forest soil > amended soil. However, at the end of the experiment, we did not find a significant difference on survivorship in subsequent assessments, and the total biomass per plant was lower in mining substrates than in non-mining substrates. The total biomass was significantly higher in amended soil than in other substrates, with yields between 1.7 and 3.6 times more biomass in amended substrate than in mine substrates. The soil substrate type significantly affected the survivorship, number of shoots, and biomass of V. zizanioides. The research results can provide a reference for remediation of degraded soils by gold-mining in the Peruvian Amazon.
Risk and the gender gap in internal political efficacy in Europe

Abstract This study confirms the existence of a substantial gender gap in internal political efficacy in contemporary European democracies with survey evidence from the ESS08 and 09 waves. This gap is rooted in gendered patterns of socialisation according to which men are more likely than women to be socialised in ways that emphasise psychological traits such as assertiveness, predisposition to risk, competition, or self-promotion. Findings show that those who perceive themselves as ready to take risks are more likely to feel able to play an active role in politics. Using mediation analysis, this article shows that part of the gender gap in internal political efficacy is a result of the lower inclination of women to take risks in comparison to men. These findings confirm the masculine character of the political realm. A realm that is often perceived by citizens to be more in line with gender stereotypes about men.
From children's ideas to prototypes for the internet of things: a case study of cross-generational end-user design

ABSTRACT A smart bracelet that reacts to a person's heartbeat. A smart bench that invites passers-by to sit close. These and others are smart things, part of the Internet of Things (IoT) and people's lives. However, people are mainly IoT consumers and rarely given the possibility of becoming IoT creators. This paper presents a case study concerning the design of smart things for outdoor environments, with end users as the main creators. Ideas of smart things were collaboratively conceptualised by child end-users with a card-based board game. Their ideas were taken up in the form of inspiration cards within a bachelor's first-year course, by students coming from different high schools. Students started from children's ideas as inspiration triggers and collaboratively evolved some of them into interactive smart-thing prototypes. The paper concludes by reflecting on its results and drawing lessons for future editions of cross-generational workshops related to IoT design with end users.
Culinary destination consumer-based brand equity: exploring the influence of tourist gaze in relation to FoodPorn on social media

ABSTRACT The present paper investigates the impact of FoodPorn, or food photographs, on user-generated content (UGC) and its role in influencing the perceptions of ‘food trippers’ toward local culinary precincts in a metropolitan area in Australia. Adopting a mix-methods approach, 20 semi-structured interviews with food trippers revealed four antecedents of why they gaze upon FoodPorn on UGC, including usefulness, ease of use, affective gratifications and source credibility. Findings from interviews informed a large-scale online survey investigating residents’ perceptions of three local culinary precincts. Data (n = 593) were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Results from SEM revealed that the effectiveness of UGC in relation to FoodPorn and culinary precinct attractiveness largely depends on the benefits food trippers perceive when gazing upon the food imagery. This research advances our understanding of how gazing upon FoodPorn enhances culinary destination consumer-based brand equity. This study developed an extension of a model that measures culinary precinct destination attractiveness, and the role of FoodPorn in influencing perceptions held by Brisbane consumers of culinary precincts. Findings provide important recommendations for destination marketing organisations (DMOs) both in Australia and worldwide.
A large and troubling iceberg: sexism and misogyny in women’s work as sport coaches

ABSTRACT In the wake of a number of high profile cases, sport organisations in Canada, are taking abuse and harassment in sport more seriously. For the most part, recent initiatives have addressed the harms faced by athletes. This paper considers the harassment experienced by Canadian women coaches. The study is based on data from two focus groups (n = 4 and n = 5) held with women basketball and volleyball coaches. The coaches described a range of common experiences that would be classified as harassment under the Ontario Human Rights Code. Focusing here on the harassment perpetuated by male referees, we argue that such incidents stem from systemic issues in sport and in the broader culture. Our evidence suggests that misogyny and sexism need to be explicitly addressed in safe sport policies and in programmes designed to address the diminishing numbers of women in coaching.
BLENDED AGGREGATE STUDY

Louisiana produces no naturally occurring skid resistant aggregate and, therefore, must import these aggregates at great expense. In an effort to extend the yield of these aggregates, a laboratory investigation was initiated to determine the feasibility of blending these aggregates with aggregates of less skid quality while maintaining good skid resistance. These evaluations were conducted by use of the Wessex Accelerated Polishing Machine and the British Portable Tester. Laboratory results indicate that certain blends of aggregates are feasible. (FHWA)
THE EFFECTS OF AGE ON BIOCHEMISTRY PROFILES OF ACEH CATTLE BLOOD

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of age on the biochemistry profiles of aceh cattle, which included examinations of: total protein (TP), albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio (A/G), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) . Sixteen clinically healthy aceh cattle aged 2-4 years old, and 16 aceh cattle aged 4-6 years old were purposively selected for the study. Blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein and subjected to blood biochemistry measurements using commercial kits. The results showed that serum concentrations of TP, globulin, AST and Ca of aceh cattle were significantly (P0.05) higher in age group 4-6 years old, while ALP activity was significantly (P0.05) higher in age group 2-4 years old. In conclusion, age must be considered as a factor when interpreting the blood biochemistry profiles of aceh cattle.
Clinical correlates of plasma antithrombin and protein C levels in patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy complicate 17% of pregnancies in Sokoto, Nigeria with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia accounting for 6% and 4.29% respectively. Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia stand out as major causes of poor pregnancy outcomes with eclampsia contributing 46% of adolescent maternal mortality in Sokoto. These disorders increase risk of venous thromboembolism, DIC, placental abruption, IUGR, premature delivery and recurrent pregnancy loss. The roles of antithrombin and protein C in disease severity and outcomes of pregnancies in pre-eclampsia/eclampsia are subject of recent researches albeit with conflicting findings. The aim of the study was to determine the plasma antithrombin and protein C levels of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Sokoto with a view to assessing any relationship with clinical severity and pregnancy outcomes.Methods: Prospective comparative study involving 31 each of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and normotensive pregnancy. Plasma antithrombin and protein C levels were determined via kinetic method using S4 Nortek semi-automated coagulometer. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: The mean plasma antithrombin and protein C levels for eclampsia, pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnancy were (61.17±9.13 and 60.00±5.76) vs (71.24±13.15 and 71.06±6.16) vs (85.54±8.77 and 89.64±7.61) respectively; p=0.0001. Severe pre-eclampsia when compared with mild pre-eclampsia had lower antithrombin (70.21±13.58 vs 73.74±12.43; p=0.507) and protein C (70.52±6.27 vs 72.40±6.00; p=0.451) levels respectively, though without statistical significance. Pre-eclampsia with low plasma antithrombin levels had increased risk of preterm delivery when age, gravidity and booking status were factored (OR, 1.2, 95% CI 0.035 to 0.348, p=0.017). Conclusions: Lower plasma antithrombin and protein C levels were found with eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia suggesting consumptive depletion of anticoagulants with disease progression. Women with pre-eclampsia and low plasma antithrombin levels were found to have increased odds of having preterm delivery when age, gravidity and booking status were considered.
Real‐time compensation for positioning performance using on‐line parameter identification and initial value compensation

Variations and/or uncertainties in environments of mechatronic systems, such as electrical/mechanical parameter changes and nonlinear components, generally deteriorate the motion control performance. In our research, the fast and precise position settling performance for parameter variations in positioning devices can be improved by techniques of an on‐line parameter identification and an initial value compensation. The proposed technique allows the positioning systems to be adaptive and robust for unknown parameter variations. The effectiveness of the approach has been verified by numerical simulations and experiments using a prototype. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 171(2): 40–49, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20926
Adaptive-neuro-fuzzy inference system approach for transmission line fault classification and location incorporating effects of power swings

In the present milieu, changes in regulations and the opening of power markets have manifested in the form of large amount of power transfer across transmission lines with frequent changes in loading conditions based on market price. Since conventional distance relays may consider power swing as a fault, tripping because of such malfunctioning would lead to serious consequences for power system stability. A frequency domain approach for digital relaying of transmission line faults mitigating the adverse effects of power swing on conventional distance relaying is presented. A wavelet-neuro-fuzzy combined approach for fault location is also presented. It is different from conventional algorithms that are based on deterministic computations on a well-defined model for transmission line protection. The wavelet transform captures the dynamic characteristics of fault signals using wavelet multi-resolution analysis (MRA) coefficients. The fuzzy inference system (FIS) and the adaptive-neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) are both used to extract important features from wavelet MRA coefficients and thereby to reach conclusions regarding fault location. Computer simulations using MATLAB have been conducted for a 300 km, 400 kV line and results indicate that the proposed localisation algorithm is immune to effects of fault inception, angle and distance. The results contained here validate the superiority of the ANFIS approach over the FIS for fault location.
MICROTOMOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF INTERNAL DAMAGE IN PORTLAND-CEMENT-BASED COMPOSITES

The internal cracking patterns of a series of small mortar specimens were observed using a technique called X-ray microtomography. The experiments were arranged such that three-dimensional images of internal cracks could be made at several different times during the load history of the sample. This arrangement allowed progressive crack growth to be observed at micron-scale resolution in a single specimen. The specimens were loaded in compression. Image processing routines were used to make quantitative measurements of internal crack growth and damage progression. Preliminary measurements indicate that the maximum increase in crack area occurs around the peak load. Three-dimensional renderings qualitatively illustrate features of internal cracking such as the effects of different microstructural features.