Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Citizenship in Ontario Education: A Concept Analysis

Digital citizenship indicates one’s place in digitized society; however academics have not established a cohesive understanding about how digital citizenship is characterized. The Ontario Ministry of Education also does not provide a central conceptualization of digital citizenship and instead encourages Ontario school boards to construct and communicate ideas of digital citizenship. Accordingly, Ontario policymakers, educators, and students use differing understandings of digital citizenship, which ultimately impedes educational initiatives and hinders the overall development of the concept. For this paper, therefore, I inquired as to how Ontario public school boards portray digital citizenship. Using concept analysis, I examined digital citizenship documents from the 10 largest English Ontario public school boards. The results suggest that digital citizenship is predominately characterized by responsible and ethical technology use. I conclude with a discussion about how this representation relates to democratic citizenship more broadly and the implications this may have on youth civic engagement. Keywords: digital citizenship; technologies and education; democracy and education; democratic citizenship; concept analysis
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Iris pallida Lam.

Essential oils from the fresh rhizomes and the naturally aged rhizomes of Iris pallida Lam.were analyed by GC-MS,respctively,and the relative contents of constituents were determined by area normalization method.The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against 3 fungi and 12 bacteria including 7 clinical isolated strains.The results show that:twenty-six volatile components were identified and determined in the oil of the fresh rhizomes,accounting for 92.09 % of the total area of the peak,and the main compounds of the oil were tetradecanoic acid(31.77 %),hexanoic acid(15.33 %),3-methyl-butanoic acid(12.20 %),pentanoic acid(9.29 %),heptanoic acid(7.91 %),3-methyl pentanoic acid(7.25 %),octanoic acid(2.44 %),2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone(1.04 %). Forty-five volatile components were identified and determined in the oil of the naturally aged rhizomes,accounting for 85.63 % of the total area of the peak,and the main compounds of the oil were tetradecanoic acid(28.02 %),tetradecanoic acid,ethyl ester(10.42 %),9,12-octadecadienoic acid(7.67 %),dodecanoic acid(6.41 %),hexanoic acid(5.14 %),hexadecanoic acid(4.44 %),dodecanoic acid ethyl ester(4.09 %),linoleic acid ethyl ester(3.87 %),hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester(3.13 %),ethyl oleate(2.85 %),α-ionone,6-methyl-(1.39 %),and decanoic acid(1.31 %);the oil of the fresh rhizomes presented a broad antimicrobial spectrum,and the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)value was 0.25 g/L and the minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC)value was 0.35 g/L;the oil of the naturally aged rhizomes presented a broad antimicrobial spectrum,and had better antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria,MIC value was 0.05 g/L and MBC value was 0.08 g/L.
Competition between Icosahedral Motifs in AgCu, AgNi, and AgCo Nanoalloys: A Combined Atomistic–DFT Study

The structures of AgCu, AgNi, and AgCo nanoalloys with icosahedral geometry have been computationally studied by a combination of atomistic and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations, for sizes up to about 1400 atoms. These nanoalloys preferentially assume core–shell chemical ordering, with Ag in the shell. These core–shell nanoparticles can have either centered or off-center cores; they can have an atomic vacancy in their central site or present different arrangements of the Ag shell. Here we compare these different icosahedral motifs and determine the factors influencing their stability by means of a local strain analysis. The calculations find that off-center cores are favorable for sufficiently large core sizes and that the central vacancy is favorable in pure Ag clusters but not in binary clusters with cores of small size. A quite good agreement between atomistic and DFT calculations is found in most cases, with some discrepancy only for pentakis-dodecahedral structures. Our results support the.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Lakes under Rapid Urbanization: A Case Study in Wuhan, China

The impact of urbanization on lakes in the urban context has aroused continuous attention from the public. However, the long-term evolution of lakes in a certain megacity and the heterogeneity of the spatial relationship between related influencing factors and lake changes are rarely discussed. The evolution of 58 lakes in Wuhan, China from 1990 to 2019 was analyzed from three aspects of lake area, lake landscape, and lakefront ecology, respectively. The Multi-Scale Geographic Weighted Regression model (MGWR) was then used to analyze the impact of related influencing factors on lake area change. The investigation found that the total area of 58 lakes decreased by 15.3%. A worsening trend was found regarding lake landscape with the five landscape indexes of lakes dropping; in contrast, lakefront ecology saw a gradual recovery with variations in the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) in the lakefront area. The MGWR regression results showed that, on the whole, the increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP), RSEI in the lakefront area, precipitation, and humidity contributed to lake restoration. The growth of population and the proportion of impervious surface (IS) in the lakefront area had different effects on different lakes. Specifically, the increase in GDP and population in all downtown districts and two suburb districts promoted lake restoration (e.g., Wu Lake), while the increase in population in Jiangxia led to lake loss. The growth of RSEI in lakefront area promoted the restoration of most lakes. A higher proportion of IS in lakefront area normally resulted in more lake loss. However, in some cases, the growth of IS was caused by lake conservation, which contributed to lake restoration (e.g., Tangxun Lake). The study reveals the spatiotemporal evolution of multiple lakes in Wuhan and provides a useful reference for the government to formulate differentiated protection policies.
Evaluation of Changes in the Permeability Characteristics of a Geotextile–Polynorbornene Liner for the Prevention of Pollutant Diffusion in Oil-Contaminated Soils

In this study, changes in the permeability characteristics of a geotextile–polynorbornene liner at different oil pollutant contact times were evaluated. Experiments and numerical analyses were performed, and ASTM D5887 and ASTM D6766 were applied as test methods. The test results show that, when the pollutant contact time and pressure head were 4 h and 75 kPa, the reaction between the geotextile–polynorbornene liner and the pollutant was almost complete. Moreover, a numerical analysis was used to measure the ratio of the concentration of the pollutant that permeated through the geotextile–polynorbornene liner to the initial pollutant concentration at different pollutant contact times. The ratio was between 70 and 83% after a pollutant contact time of 0.5 h and between 0.1 and 1.0% after 4 h. The test and numerical analysis results confirm that, as a reactive medium, the geotextile–polynorbornene liner can effectively prevent the diffusion of oil pollutants by changing its permeability characteristics.
QoE Evaluation Of Legacy TCP Variants Over DASH

------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT --------------------------------------------------------------- Even though there is considerable work in adaptive video streaming, video players still suffer drawbacks which include: inadequate fair share, poor bandwidth utilization, frequent level shifts and high re-buffering ratios. These drawbacks result in poor perceived video quality which degrades a viewers quality of experience (QoE). DASH approaches have been known to deliver higher QoE to viewers by improving the video players segment selection. However, the transport layer protocol is another important aspect of video streaming. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the most used application layer protocol over the Internet. It utilizes Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) as its transport layer protocol. TCP variants use different mechanisms for congestion control. The DASH standard uses HTTP, thus TCP variant selection becomes very important for effective video streaming. In this paper we test the performance of four linux-based TCP variants using the Conventional, PANDA and ELASTIC client-side DASH players in congested bottleneck link conditions. These experiments illustrate the varying impact on viewer QoE when using these various TCP congestion control mechanisms. The importance of TCP variant selection is exemplified as we observe that Westwood+ and YeAH are the most promising variants.
Evaluation of an IMU-Based Wearable Device for ACL Injury Research

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common, costly and have long-term health consequences. Despite decades of ACL injury research, ACL injury incidence remains high, highlighting the need for new approaches. We hypothesize that many non-contact ACL injuries result from an overuse, fatigue failure mechanism and that advances in wearable technology provide an exciting opportunity to obtain data needed to test this hypothesis. In this study, we created and evaluated an inertial measurement unit (IMU) based wearable device to collect a clinically relevant metric of ACL loading events from athletes in the field. The wearable device measures relative anterior tibial acceleration (RATA), a surrogate measure of ACL loading defined as the relative acceleration between a point on the proximal tibia and a point on the distal femur. The device was evaluated using a mechanical test system designed to simulate human leg movement, and then used to quantify peak RATA profiles for two participants performing six common athletic movement tasks associated with relatively low and high levels of ACL loading. The wearable device successfully tracked in-vivo the frequency and magnitude of ACL loading events and thus provides a tool to acquire data needed to test fatigue failure mechanism theories of ACL injury.
Effect of Ca(II), Fe(II), and Fe(III) on Cu(II) adsorption by a polyvinylidene fluoride-based chelating membrane from Cu(II)–EDTA complex solution

ABSTRACT A polyvinylidene fluoride-based membrane bearing the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid chelating group was employed to recover Cu(II) from the Cu(II)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid complex aqueous solution. Effects of Ca(II), Fe(II), and Fe(III) on Cu(II) uptake were investigated by static batch adsorption tests and dynamic adsorption filtration. Isotherms, kinetics, and breakthrough curves of Cu(II) uptakes in the presence of the three cations at concentrations of 1 mmol L−1 were elucidated. The three cations showed a positive effect on the Cu(II) uptake; the stimulative roles were in the order of Fe(III) > Fe(II) > Ca(II). They did not alter the adsorption behavior of the membrane; adsorption isotherms and kinetics could be described by Langmuir and Lagergren second-order models, and Cu(II) adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process. The presence of Ca(II), Fe(II), and Fe(III) increased the sorption capacity of the membrane stack by 1.3, 1.9, and 3 times. Breakthrough time and the exhaustion time of membrane stacks were also extended.
Bulk Density and Carbon Concentration Variance Influence on Soil Carbon Stock Measurements

Soil carbon (C) storage is generally expressed as a mass of C per unit area measured to a specific depth. This practice is not ideal as the soil surface can fluctuate for several reasons including compaction, tillage, and shrink/swell of clays. This change in bulk density may cause the calculated C stocks in a soil to change from one sampling period to the next. In soils with high shrink/swell capacities, the bulk density has the potential to change regardless of soil management. This could present limitations to efforts to monitor changes in C stocks in high shrink/swell soils. Therefore, a study was conducted in two soils with shrink/swell capacity, in which they were sampled to a depth of 90 cm at two or three different moisture conditions and analyzed for bulk density and organic C at 10-cm increments. Profile C stocks were analyzed using the conventional “fixed depth” method and also with a “fixed mass” method. The analysis showed that under moist conditions the swelling of clays did not decrease bulk density. On the contrary, moist conditions generally resulted in elevated bulk density values. This resulted in significant differences in C stocks within depth increments where the variation in C concentration was low. Differences in profile C stocks, as determined using the fixed depth method, caused by differences in bulk density were removed by using the fixed mass method of calculating C stocks. The fixed mass method provided measurements of C stocks, which vary only as a result of variation in C concentrations.
Design of chitosan microspheres containing diclofenac sodium.

Micropheres of Diclofenac Sodium were prepared by coacervation phase separation method. Chitosan and glutaraldehyde were used as coating material and cross-linking agent respectively. Optimum conditions for preparation, factors affecting the in-vitro release from hard gelatin capsules in phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) and mechanism of drug release are identified. The in-vivo bioavailability testing was carried out in rabbits and the results were compared with that of solution of diclofenac sodium. The data demonstrates tht controlled release forulation of diclofenac sodium can be developed using chitosan as a biopolymer. The microspheres exhibited good spherical geometry and released the drug according to the Higuchi model.
High prevalence of somatic complaints and psychological problems despite high self-declared quality of life in long-term cancer survivors

Introduction. To assess the quality of life (QoL) of long term cancer survivors and its determinants. Material and methods. The research covered a group of 272 disease-free cancer survivors (mean OS = 8 years). Methods: 1) Evaluation of somatic and psychological complaints (with the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology — Survivorship Assessment, NCCN Guidelines®, V.1.2015); 2) Evaluation with numeric rating scales (NRS, 0–10 points): health status life satisfaction; social support and acceptance; 3) Assessment of the quality of life as dependent variable (NRS). Results. Analysis revealed high prevalence of numerous somatic complaints, assessment of emotional disturbances, cognitive dysfunctions and surprisingly high global QoL (66%), high overall (77%) and present (74%) life satisfaction, good health (55%), strong impact of illness on life (42%), high social acceptance (80%) and satisfying support (62%). QoL correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with most of NRS measured subjective variables especially health status (–0.74), life satisfaction (0.66) and joy of life (0.63). Conclusions. High Qol despite somatic ailments might reflect high levels of received support, as well as attitudes towards life and illness. Positive correlations between the QoL and other subjective variables imply that those parameters might be equally important determinants of QoL as somatic indices. Specialized care should provide cognitive evaluation and therapy for cancer survivors to a larger extent than before.
Facile Synthesis of Hollow Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Intracellular Bio-imaging

The effects of several critical factors including the amount of EG, the reaction time, the concentrations of Ca(CH3COO)(2) and NaHCO3, the concentration of H3PO4, and the amount of acetic acid were investigated for synthesizing hollow mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (hm-HANPs). We optimized the reaction conditions as follows: the concentration of Ca(CH3COO)(2) and NaHCO3 was 0.3 M, the ratio of Ca(CH3COO)(2) and NaHCO3 to ethylene glycol (EG) was 1: 5, the reaction time for the formation of hydroxyapatite was 3 hr, the concentration of H3PO4 was 0.01 M, and the ratio of hm-HANP solution to acetic acid was 1:3.125. Monodispersed hm-HANPs with a defined particle size could be obtained. A fluorescent dye named fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was successfully linked to the surface of hm-HANPs for the bioimaging of hm-HANPs in living breast cancer cells (BT-20). The FITC-hm-HANPs were taken up by the cells and stayed in the cytoplasm with high biocompatibility. The information obtained in this study will benefit the synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanostructures for many biomedical-related applications.
Seasonal and regional signatures of ENSO in upper tropospheric jet characteristics from reanalyses

The relationship of upper tropospheric jet variability to El Niño / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in reanalysis datasets is analyzed for 1979–2018, revealing robust regional and seasonal variability. Tropical jets associated with monsoons and the Walker circulation are weaker and the zonal mean subtropical jet shifts equatorward in both hemispheres during El Niño, consistent with previous findings. Regional and seasonal variations are analyzed separately for subtropical and polar jets. The subtropical jet shifts poleward during El Niño over the NH eastern Pacific in DJF, and in some SH regions in MAMand SON. Subtropical jet altitudes increase during El Niño, with significant changes in the zonal mean in the NH and during summer/fall in the SH. Though zonal mean polar jet correlations with ENSO are rarely significant, robust regional/seasonal changes occur: The SH polar jet shifts equatorward during El Niño over Asia and the western Pacific in DJF, and poleward over the eastern Pacific in JJA and SON. Polar jets are weaker (stronger) during El Niño in the western (eastern) hemisphere, especially in the SH; conversely, subtropical jets are stronger (weaker) in the western (eastern) hemisphere during El Niño in winter and spring; these opposing changes, along with an anticorrelation between subtropical and polar jet windspeed, reinforce subtropical/polar jet strength differences during El Niño, and suggest ENSO-related covariability of the jets. ENSO-related jet latitude, altitude, and windspeed changes can reach 4(3)°, 0.6(0.3) km, and 6(3) ms−1, respectively, for the subtropical (polar) jets.
Effectiveness of Macroinvertebrate Species to Discern Pollution Levels in Aquatic Environment

The World is transforming more rapidly than ever before as a result of urbanization and industrialization. Such unrelenting destruction of nature has surpassed the capacity of mother Earth to support the aquatic ecosystem. Apart from freshwater macroinvertebrate species, there is no single measure of declining freshwater ecosystem that can capture either the short and long-term changes or the trend of overall freshwater ecosystem health. In that regard, the macroinvertebrates and physico-chemical variables were used as surrogates to determine levels of impairment within and between Pangani and Wami-Ruvu rivers’ basins in Tanzania. Spatial distribution of macroinvertebrate communities in the basins is significantly influenced by varying levels of environmental variables as a result of geomorphology and improper land uses. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) ordination showed two distinct patterns of biometrics that clearly discriminate reference sites from monitoring sites at each basin and consequently demonstrate the differences in water quality and physical habitat between the site categories. Similarly, distinctive macroinvertebrate species were observed and varied considerably among the site categories in the studied rivers as a function of tolerance levels. Impacted sites are characterized by either absence of any sensitive taxa or presence of few if any; greater dominance of only a few taxa that are tolerant to pollution. Therefore, the more diverse orders with a wider range of occurrences and tolerance to pollution (Ephemeroptera (E), Diptera (D), Odonata (O) and Trichoptera (T)) can be considered as potential bio-indicators in developing biomonitoring index for Tropical African Rivers as they showed a significant discriminating power that separated reference from monitoring sites.
The Effects of Relaxing the One-Child Policy

This paper examines the early effects of dismantling the one-child policy, which China relaxed in 2013 and eliminated prior to 2017. Birth rates, female labor force participation, and saving behavior have already changed markedly. Between 2015 and 2017, the proportion of households with children having more than one child increased by at least five percent, more than double the increase from 2013 to 2015. Among households adding another child, saving rates and female labor force participation significantly decreased.
The electrokinetics of porous colloidal particles

Theoretical models for the electrokinetics of weakly permeable porous colloidal particles are absent from the literature. The understanding of this topic will be advanced through a systematic analysis of the standard electrokinetic equations, resulting in a theory for the electrophoretic mobility of weakly permeable porous colloidal particles. The standard electrokinetic equations are employed to model the flux of solvent and ions outside the porous particle. To be consistent with this approach, the flux of solvent and ions in the pores must also be governed by the standard electrokinetic equations. However, in practice, only transport phenomena on the particle scale are observed and it is sufficient for information regarding pore-scale behaviour to be retained purely in the form of averaged quantities. To complete the theoretical description, the standard electrokinetic equations outside the particle must be coupled to particlescale transport equations inside the particle via boundary conditions at the porous/free-fluid interface. It has been shown experimentally and theoretically for coupled Stokes and Darcy flows, that the correct interfacial boundary condition for the tangential external flow is given by the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman (BJS) condition. The effect of the BJS boundary condition on the hydrodynamic drag on an oscillating porous particle is investigated. It is found that the particle may be regarded as impermeable with a slip length independent of frequency, and the resulting drag is significantly reduced in comparison with an equivalent impermeable particle that does not exhibit a slip length. The transport of a general electrolyte solution through a rigid porous body subjected to a static (d.c.) electric field is studied. The pore-scale