Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BREXIT AND IMPACT ROUTES THROUGH GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS

We analyse the trade routes between the UK and EU countries. Our results show that the relative importance of the UK as a trading partner in the EU has slightly decreased. We further decompose the total value added into components that quantify the value added that is generated through direct trade with the UK and the indirect trade that is channelled through third countries. Close to one third of the total value added is generated through indirect trade and two thirds through direct trade. Furthermore, 18 per cent of EU countries’ value-added trade to the UK passes through the UK onto other countries.
Produksi Kacang Tunggak (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) dengan Input Pupuk Rendah

Kacang tunggak memiliki prospek sebagai pengganti kedelai, sebagai bahan baku tempe. Perlu dikaji pemupukan dosis rendah pada produksi kacang tunggak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk kandang dan Nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang tunggak. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan Novemeber 2018-Maret 2019, dengan menggunakan rancangan split plot. Petak utama aplikasi pupuk kandang kambing terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu 0, 2.5, dan 5 ton ha-1. Anak petak terdiri atas empat taraf yaitu 0, 15, 30, dan 45 kg pupuk N ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk kandang meningkatkan bobot segar daun, jumlah tandan bunga, pada 5 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Pemberian nitrogen meningkatkan bobot segar daun, indeks luas daun, bobot segar akar dan jumlah bunga pada 5 MST. Kombinasi pemberian pupuk organik dengan dosis 2.5 ton ha-1 dan pupuk nitrogen 45 kg ha-1 memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi yang cenderung lebih baik daripada tanpa pemupukan. Dengan demikian kacang tunggak dapat diproduksi dengan input pupuk kandang dan N yang rendah. Kata kunci: bobot segar daun, indeks luas daun, tandan bunga
Anatomy of the Postcranial Skeleton of “Mlacis” Uintensis (Mammalia: Carnivoramorpha)

ABSTRACT This paper provides the first detailed description of the only known postcranial skeletal elements of “Miacis” uintensis. The morphology of the skeleton differs markedly from previously described “miacids” (a paraphyletic assemblage of early fossil carnivoramorphans), invalidating the notion that all “miacids” were very similar in their postcranial morphology and locomotor styles. The majority of the differences indicate an animal less well adapted to an arboreal lifestyle than has been inferred for other early “miacid” carnivoramorphans. A phylogenetic analysis clearly nests “Miacis” uintensis within the paraphyletic array of taxa previously referred to as the “Miacidae,” in a position closer to the crown clade Carnivora than is Vulpavus, a “miacid” whose postcranium has been previously described. When compared with the early canid Hesperocyon, this specimen shares many features thought to relate to the acquisition of a more terrestrial mode of life. This result indicates that, in contrast to prior models suggesting arboreality for all “miacids,” at least one independent ‘descent from the trees’ occurred much earlier within the array of stem carnivoramorphan taxa.
Factors affecting diet selection by sheep. 1. Potential intake rate and acceptability of feed

In experiment 1, potential intake rates of several dried forages, varying widely in nutritive value, were measured by offering each alone to six hungry sheep for eight, separate 1-min periods. Intake rates ranged from 5.5 to 26.1 g/min, but, within each forage, it varied little between sheep (c.v. 13%) or between measurements with the same sheep (c.v. 8%). The forages were then offered in pairs in separate containers and preference for one forage was defined as the percentage of total intake derived from that forage. With the exception of a dried clover pasture, preference for a forage was strongly related to the rate at which it could be eaten. Reducing the length of wheaten straw particles from 30 to 10 mm increased intake rate from 5.5 to 12.4 g/min and resulted in an absolute preference for the short material. The mean preference for a forage over all comparisons was more strongly correlated with intake rate of the forage (r2 = 0.87) than with in vitro digestibility of organic matter (r2 = 0.30). In experiment 2, two wheaten straws and two wheaten hays were each chopped to two lengths and, within each forage, mixed (w/w) in the short : long ratios of 0 : 1, 1 : 2, 2 : 1 and 1 : 0. Mean intake rates were 7.3 and 12.5 g/min for the two straws and 15.7 and 23.2 g/min for the two hays. Within each forage, all mixtures were offered in pairs to establish preference. The slopes of regression equations relating preference (%) to intake rate (g/min) were 21.4, 17.0, 5.9 and 2.7 (%.min/g) for the four forages as mean intake rate increased from 7.3 to 23 2 g/min, which indicates that discrimination between forages with the same difference in intake rate was greater when mean intake rate was low. In experiment 3, finely ground clover pasture, lucerne hay, wheaten hay or wheaten straw were added to a base diet of either chopped lucerne or wheaten straw in the ratio 1 : 10. Although the additive had little effect on intake rate, sheep preferred lucerne to clover pasture and wheaten hay to wheaten straw. Equations developed from the results of experiment 2 to predict the preference for one forage over another on the basis of their relative intake rates, showed fair agreement with observations from experiment 1, particularly when the effects of acceptability factors such as taste, odour or feel were translated into differences in potential intake rate.
‘You can’t just be a Muslim in outer space’: young people making sense of religion at local places in the city

ABSTRACT This paper demonstrates how young people make sense of religion through local places in the urban context while moving from youth to young adulthood. We draw on in-depth interviews – including a mental map-making exercise – with twenty-four young Muslims (18–30) from a wide range of cultural backgrounds living in Metro Vancouver (Canada). Their narratives reveal young people ‘live’ religion in various local places and how spatialities of lived religion change over time. We highlight how making sense of religion is reflected in the changing meaning of the mosque and relates to the increased salience of places shared with young Muslims in which our participants negotiate religion in the context of their everyday lives in the city. While many studies on Muslim identities have established the complexities and dynamics of negotiating religion at specific local places, we argue for a focus on relations between lived religion at various local places over time. These spatiotemporal complexities are able to capture how making sense of religion is spatially and fluidly manifested in the urban context of Metro Vancouver.
Decline of charophytes during eutrophication: Comparison with angiosperms

SUMMARY 1. Charophytes have disappeared from several enriched lakes in Scania (southern Sweden) since the 1940s. Poor light conditions, rather than a toxic effect of phosphorus or negative impact of fish, are the most probable reason for this decline. 2. Small species of charophytes (shoot diameter 0.5–1.0 mm), which are able to form dense, low mats, still occur in eutrophic lakes with high phosphorus concentrations, but are restricted to areas of shallow water. In contrast, large species (shoot diameter 1–4 mm) have totally disappeared from the most turbid lakes. I suggest that these species are unable to grow in very shallow water because of damage by ice and wave action. 3. Maximum depth distribution (ze) and Secchi depth (D) were measured in Scanian lakes for both charophytes and angiosperms and combined with data obtained from Chambers & Kalff (1985). According to the combined data, zc and D are closely correlated with each other for both angiosperms and charophytes. 4. The zc of charophytes is higher than zc of angiosperms in clear lakes but lower in turbid lakes. Higher zc of angiosperms in the most turbid lakes is explained by special adaptations of these species to poor light availability (shoot elongation, canopy formation, rapid growth during spring).
A Numerical Study of Aeolian Sand Particle Flow Incorporating Granular Pseudofluid Optimization and Large Eddy Simulation

A numerical investigation of aeolian sand particle flow in atmospheric boundary layer is performed with a Eulerian–Eulerian granular pseudofluid model. In this model, the air turbulence is modelled with a large eddy simulation, and a kinetic–frictional constitutive model incorporating frictional stress and the kinetic theory of granular flow is applied to describe the interparticle movement. The simulated profiles of streamwise sand velocity and sand mass flux agree well with the reported experiments. The quantitative discrepancy between them occurs near the sand bed surface, which is due to the difference in sand sample, but also highlights the potential of the present model in addressing near-surface mass transport. The simulated profiles of turbulent root mean square (RMS) particle velocity suggest that the interparticle collision mainly account for the fluctuation of sand particle movement.
Regional Variations in Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas Growth and the Number of Larvae Occurrence and Spat Settlement along the West Coast, Korea

Due to the oil spill incident in December 2007, every facility of oyster culture was removed in western coast especially in Taean and Seosan. To restore oyster resources in Taean and Seosan, we brought oyster seeds from southern area and monitored their growth. In addition we monitored the culture environment throughout the year, and observed the number of oyster larvae and attached spats on collectors during summer. The factors of water environment were appropriate for oyster culture in both study area. The growth of shell height was larger in Uihang-ri, Taean than Jungwang-ri, Seosan. Spawning was more intensive in a short time in Jungwang-ri, Seosan than Uihang-ri, Taean. The number of oyster larvae and spats of collectors were much more in Jungwang-ri, Seosan than Uihang-ri, Taean. This study showed that transplantation of healthy oyster seeds from southern area can be a way of restoration of oyster resources in western coast. In addition, systematic approaches are necessary by building a better understanding of regional characteristics to restore and enlarge the oyster culture farms in western coast. In summary Uihang-ri, Taean will be appropriate for cultivation farms and Jungwang-ri, Seosan for seedling grounds to increase oyster culture productivity. Key word; oyster, Crassostrea gigas, growth, larvae, spat, restoration, transplantation
Principles of QSAR Modeling

At the end of her academic career, the author summarizes the main aspects of QSAR modeling, giving comments and suggestions according to her 23 years’ experience in QSAR research on environmental topics. The focus is mainly on Multiple Linear Regression, particularly Ordinary Least Squares, using a Genetic Algorithm for variable selection from various theoretical molecular descriptors, but the comments can be useful also for other QSAR methods. The need for rigorous validation, also external, and for applicability domain check to guarantee predictivity and reliability of QSAR models is particularly highlighted. The commented approach is the “predictive” one, based on chemometrics, and is usefully applied to the prioritization of environmental pollutants. All the discussed points and the author’s ideas are implemented in the software QSARINS, as a legacy to the QSAR community.
THE SUCCESS RATE OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION USING SEXING LIQUID SEMEN WITH DIFFERENT METHODS IN BALI HEIFER

Artificial Insemination (AI) in this study uses the results of sexing liquid semen, which aims to get the calf following the objective of the breeding institution that is producing Bali cows. The study was conducted at Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul and Hijauan Pakan Ternak located in Pangyangan, Pulukan Sub district, Jembrana Regency, Bali. The study was conducted on July 7, 2019 until November 7, 2019. The research material was 45 Bali heifers. Bali heifer was synchronized using Enzaprost@, after showing signs of estrus, double doses artificial insemination at 2 hours after estrus and 8 hours after estrus. The Bali heifer was inseminated with non-sexing and sexing liquid semen using andromed diluent, P0 = non-sexing liquid semen, P1 = liquid semen by the Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation (PDGC) method in the lower layer and P2 = liquid semen by the Egg White Gradient Sedimentation (EWS) method in the upper layer. Pregnancy evaluation is calculated based on Non-Return Rate (NRR) and Conception Rate (CR). The results showed Non-Return Rate (NRR) P0, P1 and P2 = 86.67%, 60% and 53.33%. While the Conception Rate (CR) at P0, P1 and P2 is 53.33%, 13.33% and 26.67%.
Life form dynamics of the tree layer in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest during 1996–2017 in Tianmu Mountains, eastern China

In the forest areas of eastern China, there is a change from forest dominated by deciduous broad-leaved trees to forest dominated by evergreen broad-leaved trees as the latitude or altitude decreases. Different life forms have different survival strategies to deal with climate change, and studying the life form dynamics of the tree layers in the mixed forest in eastern China, with increasing temperature, can help us understand how the forest responds. This study was performed in a 1 ha plot in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve. Based on the data from two surveys (1996 and 2017), the changes in life form composition and biodiversity over the past 21 years were analyzed. We obtained the following results: (1) The proportion of evergreen trees increased from 55.0% in 1996 to 67.5% in 2017, and the dominance of evergreen species was enhanced. (2) The diversity of both life forms increased, and the tree species were more abundant. (3) The average annual recruitment rate of the evergreen species was 2.1% greater than their mortality rate, and the average annual recruitment rate of the deciduous species was 0.5% less than their mortality rate. (4) The competition among the trees in the small-diameter class (10 cm ≤ DBH < 20 cm) was fierce for many tree species. The proportion of the evergreen species in the small-diameter class was high. The life forms making up the mixed climax forest community has changed over the past 21 years, with the proportion and dominance of evergreen trees increasing significantly.
The effect of roughage or concentrate feeding and rumen retention time on total degradation of protein in the rumen

SUMMARY Samples of soya-bean meal, groundnut meal, sunflower meal and fish meal were incubated in nylon bags in the rumens of sheep receiving either whole barley or dried grass. For the vegetable sources of protein the rate of disappearance of protein was greater when they were incubated in the rumens of sheep receiving dried grass than in sheep receiving whole barley. The rate of disappearance of fish meal did not vary between sheep fed whole barley or dried grass. Rate of outflow of protein particles from the rumen was determined by rendering the protein supplement totally indigestible by a treatment with sodium dichromate. The rate of outflow was greatest with sheep receiving dried grass and increased with increasing feeding level. The mathematical expressions of degradation rate and outflow rate were combined to give the total amount of protein degraded in the rumen for the grass and barley diets at two levels of feeding. The amino acid composition of residues left in the nylon bags after 9 h of incubation were shown to be almost identical to the amino acid composition of the original protein supplement, indicating that the composition of the amino acid in the undegraded protein entering the abomasum essentially resembled that of the supplements.
Temperature, oxygen and heat‐budgets of six small western Irish lakes

SUMMARY. 1. Temperature and oxygen were examined in six small western Irish lakes (areas 2–110 ha) in 1981, 1982 and 1984. 2. The four deeper lakes (z= 6–11m) stratify stably in the same manner as some well-known stratifying lakes in Britain. Windiness (due to proximity to the ocean) seems generally to be reflected in the lakes by the presence of a sharp thermo clinic. Considerable variation in the pattern of stratification occurs from year to year. 3. Two shallow lakes (z= 4.1 and 2.7m) stratify only in periods of warm, calm weather. 4. Annual heat-budgets range from 4.1 kcal cm−2 to 13.7 kcal cm−2. There is a strong linear relationship between mean-depth and annual heat-budget. 5. Oxygen depletion is severe in the more productive lakes.
Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ready-to-Eat Shellfish (Corbiculid heterodont) in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Aims/Objective: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a dominant cause of severe healthcare-associated (HA) infections but has recently emerged as Community-Associated (CA-MRSA) and Livestock-Associated MRSA (LA-MRSA). This study was carried out to detect the presence of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus in Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Corbiculid heterodont in Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Place of Study: This study was conducted in Yenagoa, Southern Ijaw and Sagbama Local Government Areas, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Methodology: Fifty-three samples (dried, fried and stewed) of the RTE C. heterodont were collected and subjected to standard microbiological procedures. Results: Seventy Staphylococcus spp. were isolated, consisting of 65 (92.86%) S. aureus and 5 (7.14%) coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS). Out of the 65 S. aureus isolates, 53.8% were MRSA. Susceptibility pattern of MRSA showed a decreasing trend of resistance in the order: Amoxacillin, Ampicillin-Cloxacillin, Cefoxitin, and Oxacillin (100%) > Streptomycin (82.9%) >Ceftriaxone (40%) >Cefuroxime (31.4%), > Ciprofloxacin and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (17.1%) > Gentamycin and Pefloxacin (8.6%) > Erythromycin (2.9%). Out of the 65 S. aureus isolates, 62 (95.4%) had Multidrug Resistance Index > 0.2 while 3 (4.6%) had 0.2 as their Multidrug Resistance Index. The MRSA isolates were 100% Multidrug Resistant (MDR) while the Methicillin-Sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) were 90% MDR. Molecular characterization of ten S. aureus isolates confirmed 80% S. aureus isolates and 20% CONS (S. sciuri and S. warneri). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Agarose gel-electrophoresis were used to detect the presence of mecA gene, a gene that confers methicillin resistance. The mecA gene with size 500bp was identified in 50% of MRSA. This study reported presence of MRSA and MDR S. aureus in C. heterodont sold in Bayelsa state, Nigeria. This could be the avenue for the spread of MRSA. Public health awareness campaigns should be advocated to enhance hygienic practices in the handling and distribution of food.
Mechanistic disease modeling as a useful tool for improving CNS drug research and development

Despite tremendous advances in the basic understanding of CNS diseases, successful clinical drug development in psychiatry and neurology has been limited, putting huge pressure on remaining CNS R&D programs in pharmaceutical companies. In this report, it is proposed that re‐engineering parts of the pharmaceutical Research and Development process by integrating complex modeling and simulation approaches, similar to the aerospace and micro‐electronics industry, has the potential to increase the clinical predictability of animal models and to reduce the attrition rate in clinical drug development. This report will present top‐down Mechanistic Disease Modeling approaches in relation to bottom‐up Systems Biology with specific emphasis on CNS drug R&D. Both combine basic research data with human clinical outcome, but in contrast to System Biology that generically models intracellular pathways and protein‐protein networks, Mechanistic Disease Modeling models the emergent properties of neuronal cell firing activity in large interacting neuronal networks. Such an outcome is much closer to physiological and behavioral processes that drive actual clinical scales. Also illustrated here are some practical applications in the area of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia for CNS Research and Development, such as guiding multitarget drug discovery, evaluating both the harmful and beneficial off‐target human effects of candidate drugs, as well as exploring the effect of co‐medications and functional genotypes on the candidate drug efficacy and sensitivity analysis for responder identification. Drug Dev Res 72: 66–73, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Client-centred therapeutic relationship conditions and authenticity: a prospective study

ABSTRACT The aim was to investigate the association between experiencing a therapeutic relationship and subsequent authenticity. Forty-six clients completed the Barrett–Lennard Relationship Inventory (B-LRI), Relational Depth Inventory (RDI), a measure of the therapeutic alliance (ARM-5) and the Authenticity Scale (AS) at intervals over 10 therapy sessions. Higher scores on the B-LRI at sessions 3, 5 and 10 were associated with an increase in authenticity over the 10 sessions. These results provide some initial evidence in support of Rogers's (1957) theory that it is the conditions of the therapeutic relationship that lead to greater authenticity.
Lumped element balanced multi‐band bandstop filter for ultra high frequency applications

An ultra-compact multi-band balanced (differential) bandstop filter (BSF) topology with all lumped elements has been introduced for the first time in this study. The proposed filter is a four-port structure where each symmetrical bisection is a series cascade of K N-band cells. Each N-band cell comprises of N parallel resonant circuits connected to the same node, through capacitors. K series-coupled N-band filter sections in the symmetrical bisection exhibit a Kth order N-band BSF response in differential mode (DM) whereas common mode (CM) signal is minimally affected and maintains a high CM rejection ratio (CMRR). The advantages associated with this engineered structure can be summarised as follows: (i) it can be extrapolated to realise an arbitrary number of DM stopbands; (ii) it does not need any additional component in the symmetry plane to suppress the CM noise; and (iii) it occupies a very small area. For demonstration, a second-order dual-band differential BSF with resonant frequencies 1.15 and 1.36 GHz is designed and fabricated. It offers a rejection level of about 25 dB for each DM stopband and maintains a CMRR value of about 25 dB for both bands. Moreover, it covers an area of only 0.003 λ g 2 , where λ g is the guided wavelength at the centre frequency between the two bands.