Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food Habits and Dietary Variability of Pelagic Nekton off Oregon and Washington, 1979-1984

The food habits of 20 species of pelagic nekton were investigated from collections made with small-mesh purse seines from 1979-84 off Washington and Oregon. Four species (spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias; soupfin shark, Galeorhinus zyopterus; blue shark, Prionace glauca; and cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki) were mainly piscivorous. Six species (coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch; chinook salmon, O. tshawytscha; black rockfish, Sebastes melanops; yellowtail rockfish, S. f1avidus; sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria; and jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus) consumed both nektonic and planktonic organisms. The remaining species (market squid, Loligo opalescens; American shad, Alosa sapidissima; Pacific herring, Clupea harengus pallasi; northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax; pink salmon, O. gorbuscha; surf smelt, Hypomesus pretiosus; Pacific hake, Merluccius productus; Pacific saury, Cololabis saira; Pacific mackerel, Scomber japonicus; and medusafish, Icichthys lockingtom) were primarily planktonic feeders. There were substantial interannual, seasonal, and geographic variations in the diets of several species due primarily to changes in prey availability. Juvenile salmonids were not commonly consumed by this assemblage of fishes (PDF file contains 36 pages.)
Template-based embedded reconfigurable computing

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
The Monetary Policy Strategy of the ECB Reconsidered

Europe's new central bank is developing its version of accountability and public debate over monetary policies. It is natural for CEPR, as a network of policy-oriented academic economists, to contribute to the establishment of this new institution. Monitoring the European Central Bank (MECB) brings together a group of economists internationally known for their work on macroeconomics and monetary policy. MECB monitors the European economy and the work of the ECB, and offers analyses to the public, including the European Parliament and the media. A full MECB report is published each year, complemented by an update that draws on recent publications of the ECB. This is the fifth MECB report.
MINING OF TEXTUAL DATABASES WITHIN THE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
The Probability of detecting Intestinal Protozoa by Successive Stool Examinations.

Summary and Conclusions The true efficiency of a single iodine- or hematoxylin-stained fecal film for the detection of Endamoeba histolytica infections was less than one in five, and ten examinations had to be made to make a negative result reasonably reliable. By a combination of one of these technics with zinc sulphate centrifugal floatation about one out of three or four infections was detected in a single examination, while five examinations provided a probability of 70 to 90 per cent. The efficiency of the iodine- or hematoxylin-stained film for the non-pathogenic protozoa was one in four, and five examinations detected about 80 per cent. However, when one of these two technics was combined with zinc sulphate centrifugal floatation, the probability was about one in two, while three examinations detected more than 80 per cent. Thus, the use of the zinc sulphate centrifugal floatation technic in combination with the direct fecal film examination provides greater reliability and ease of detecting intestinal protozoa with fewer specimens than does either of the non-concentration technics.
The metazoa parasites of gobiids in the Dniester estuary (Black Sea) depending on water salinity

A list is presented of metazoan parasites that infect seven gobiid fishes (the toad goby Mesogobius batrachocephalus, monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis, racer goby N. gymnotrachelus, bighead goby N. kessleri, round goby N. melanostomus, ratan goby N. ratan, and syrman goby N. syrman) from the Dniester Estuary (Black Sea). Infections by thirteen species of metazoa parasites, including four trematodes, three cestodes, five nematodes, and one crustacean species, were observed in the gobies sampled from the estuary. The data complements the existing list of parasite species that inhabit the fishes of this aquatic basin. Water salinity varies in the estuary, which impacts parasite distribution. Brackish-water parasites prevailed in the Dniester Estuary, while the marine trematode C. lingua occurred only in the southern part.
Changes in the body composition of adult male southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii , during starvation

This experiment determined the effect of starvation on the chemical composition and tissue histology of the abdominal muscle and digestive gland in adult male southern rock lobsters Jasus edwardsii during 14 and 28 days. Individual lobsters (n = 6) were stocked into 34-L tanks (17.5 ± 1.5°C) and either fed or starved over 14 and 28 days and also compared with lobsters (n = 6) killed for initial samples at the start of the experiment. Starved lobsters showed a significant reduction in crude lipid from the digestive gland at day 14 and from the abdominal muscle at day 28 when compared with the initial population. Histologic investigation of the digestive gland showed a lower density of lipid droplets in both day 14 and day 28 starved lobsters, with this depletion apparently causing structural damage to the digestive tubule in lobsters starved for 28 days. Histologic investigation of glycogen levels in digestive tubules showed a decline with starvation. Available energy was significantly affected by the crude lipid content of both organs although the digestive gland contained significantly higher absolute amounts. Starvation forces the use of body reserves to maintain metabolic functions; the order and quantity of depletion indicated the minimum requirements for survival and highlighted differences in the strategies used by crustaceans.
Effect of Curcumin on Aflatoxin B1–Induced Toxicity in Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Study.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against aflatoxinB 1 (AFB 1 ) induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight healthy adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Rats of the first group received basal diet and served as control. Rats in the second group received curcumin orally (15mg/5ml/kg body weight) whereas, rats in the third groups injected with single intraperitoneal injection of AFB 1 (3mg/kg BW). Rats in the fourth group received a combination of second and third groups for five weeks. Results: Biochemical analysis of serum samples indicated a significant increase in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities and total cholesterol and creatinine concentrations along with significant decrease in protein content of AFB 1 intoxicated rats compared to control group. Oral administration of curcumin along with injected AFB 1 restored AST, ALT, total cholesterol, creatinine and total protein near to control values. Biochemical analysis of liver antioxidants revealed a significant ( P < 0.05 ) reduction in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) content in rats injected with AFB 1 compared to control. On the contrary, oral administration of curcumin along with injected AFB 1 enhanced hepatic CAT and SOD activities and GSH concentration towards the control values, suggesting that curcumin could improve the antioxidant status in AFB 1 induced oxidative stress. The Biochemical findings were supported by histopathology of liver tissues which indicated vacuolar degeneration and necrotizing changes in liver of rats intoxicated with AFB 1 and significant amelioration of these effects in these rats whenever treated with curcumin. Conclusion: Conclusively, oral administration of curcumin along with AFB 1 caused significant inhibition in AFB 1 -induced hepatotoxicity in rats by increasing the concentration of GSH and activation of antioxidant enzymes.
Nutritional requirements of abalone Haliotis (gastropoda). III. Optimum protein level in diets for abalone.

A feeding experiment was carried out by feeding juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai with diets containing casein or white fishmeal as a protein source at different protein levels (0-55%) for 50 days at a water temperature of 20°C in order to determine an optimum protein level in the diet for the abalone. In the abalone receiving the casein diets, feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and protein reten-tion were found to be proportional to the dietary protein levels and reached plateau at a 38% protein level where the values for PER and NPU were 2.4 and 48, respectively. The maximum rate of protein retention was obtained at a 10% protein level in the casein diet and at a 22% protein level in the white fishmeal diet. In addition, growth, FCE and protein retention in the abalone fed on the white fishmeal diets were all far inferior to those obtained by the casein diets. The values for PER and NPU obtained with the white fishmeal diets were about one half of those obtained with the casein diets. The difference in nutritional quality be-tween both of these protein sources was postulated to be due to low digestibility of white fishmeal protein in the abalone. When casein is used as a protein source, an optimum protein level in the practical diets for juvenile abalone is estimated to be around 20-30% based on the growth rate, FCE, protein retention and NPU.
Geostatistical Integration of Yield Monitor Data and Remote Sensing Improves Yield Maps

Grain yield maps must accurately display general yield patterns as well as details of local yield variation. Different geostatistical procedures for creating interpolated yield maps by integrating yield data with remotely sensed vegetation indices (VI) were evaluated. Yield monitor data and a multispectral satellite image at 4-m spatial resolution were collected in an irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) field and a rainfed soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr. ] field. Ordinary kriging (OK), cokriging (CK), simple kriging with varying local means (SKLM), and kriging with external drift (KED) were compared using grain yield as primary variable and three different VI as secondary variables. At both sites, SKLM performed best in terms of the precision of grain yield maps and maps that depicted true yield patterns. Utilizing the most suitable vegetation index at each site and SKLM as interpolation method, the root mean squared error of yield predictions was increased by nearly 20% over OK. Methods such as KED or CK resulted in only small improvement of yield maps over those obtained with OK. Utilizing the satellite image decreased errors associated with yield monitor operations and allowed better prediction in areas where no reliable yield measurements were available. Due to the robust nature of modeling the relationship between primary and one or more secondary variables, the SKLM method has considerable potential for use in commercial precision-farming software. Future efforts on improving yield mapping should concentrate on obtaining improved yield monitor data and imagery and developing yield-sensitive VI for high-yielding crops.
Effect of micronutrients, sulphur and gypsum on soil fertility and yield of mustard in red loam soils of mewar (Rajasthan)

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of cationic micronutrients (Zn,Fe,Mn,Cu), sulphur and gypsum on post harvest soil fertility and yield of mustard on red loam soil of Mewar. Seed yield of mustard was significantly improved by 10.5, 17.2, 14.5 and 17.9 per cent, respectively due to application of Zn and Fe @ 10 ppm, sulphur @ 40 ppm and gypsum @ 4 t ha−1 as compared to NP fertilization only. Application of managanese and copper had no significant effect on yield of mustard. Available status of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and S was significantly improved due to application of their respective elements. Availability of all elements, more or less, improved due to gypsum application.
Application Of A New Monte Carlo Approach To Calibrating Rock Physics Relationships: Examples Using Electrical Resistivity And Ground Penetrating Radar Tomography

In applying geophysics to problems in hydrology, a relationship must exist between the geophysical response from the subsurface and the hydrologic variable of concern. In this paper we discuss the estimation of aquifer tracer concentrations using electrical resistivity tomography and the determination of subsurface water content from cross-borehole radar. Obtaining site-specific relationships between geophysical and hydrologic parameters traditionally entails empirical calibration based on reconstructed geophysical images and small-scale lab measurements or in-situ well logs. This direct approach to calibration, however, can become biased in several ways: reconstructed tomograms are often highly uncertain and subject to inversion artifacts, the range of subsurface conditions represented by calibration data sets can be incomplete due to the sparsity of collocated well or core data and aquifer heterogeneity, and the discrepancy in scale between different measurements is not accounted for. We use Full Inverse Statistical (FISt) calibration, a new Monte Carlo approach to calibration, to address these problems. FISt calibration integrates all available data; e.g., aquifer geostatistics, pointscale measurements, and physically based relationships, to obtain the best possible relationship between the geophysical and hydrologic variables. We have found that concentration and water content estimates obtained using FISt calibration are typically significantly better than those obtained using traditional empirical calibrations.
Weed Management in Rice-Blackgram Cropping System

Field experiments were conducted on rice-blackgram sequences consecutively over a period of three years at Annamalai University Experimental Farm, Annamalainagar, India. In the base crop of rice, the treatments compared included the herbicide butachlor at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg ha−1 doses independently and in combination with a hand weeding on 40 days after transplanting (DAT) alongwith a twice hand weeding treatment and an unweeded control. For the succeeding blackgram crop, the same set of treatments with alachlor replacing butachlor was compared (the treatments were being taken up in the same plot every year). Butachlor 2.0 kg ha−1 and hand weeding on 40 DAT gave highest grain yields in all the three years with an increase of 26.39, 41.58 and 51.05% over the un weeded control, respectively, whereas twice hand weeding recorded highest grain yields which were 58.39 and 61.55% higher than the unweeded control in first and second year blackgram, respectively. Rice weed control was observed not to have been carried over to blackgram. Dependence on herbicides solely, in the cropping system, resulted in a shift towards perennial weeds like nutsedge, whereas hand weeding alone led to the dominance of grassy weeds and unweeded rice culture caused the preponderance of broad-leaved weeds. Integration of herbicide with hand weeding restricted the dominance of individual weed species.
Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities study of Zingiber roseum rosc., an endangered medicinal plant

Medicinal plants are incredible; but many species are endangered due to rapid deforestation and global warming threatens. Zingiber roseum, is an endangered medicinal plant used for skin infections by the traditional healers of Eastern Ghats, India. Chloroform extract of Z. roseum rhiozome is exhibiting a proved antimicrobial activity against four different bacteria, with lowest MIC of 20 µg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 3160). The extract also have efficient radical scavenging activity along with reducing property by DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power assay. The rhizome extract show a moderate antiproliferative activity against PC3 (Prostate cancer), SW 480 (Colon cancer), MDA MB-231 (Breast metastatic) cancer cell lines when IC 50 values compared with standards. The study concludes that the chloroform extract may be an alternative for synthetic therapeutics for treating infectious and degenerative diseases.
VARIABLES AFFECTING THE DENSITY AND TERRITORY SIZE OF BREEDING SPRUCE-WOODS WARBLERS'

Between 1969 and 1972 and during 1974 I obtained data on population density, territory size, habitat, food taken, and food available to four species of Dendroica warblers (Parulidae). Densities usually were: Black-throated Green (D. virens) > Blackburnian (D. fusca) > Yellow-rumped (D. coroniata) > Magnolia (D. magnolia). Black-throated Green Warblers were commoner in red spruces than in white spruces; they showed a preference for red spruce foliage. Populations of all four species were stable between 1969 and 1972, but following two poor breeding seasons populations declined in several areas. Species with dense populations had small territories and vice versa. Territory sizes of Black-throated Green Warblers in red spruces were smaller than in white spruces. Territory size usually fluctuated even less than population density, although some territories eventually increased markedly after strong declines in abundance. The food supply usually peaked in early July. Food was more abundant in white spruces than red spruces early in June but did not consistently differ subsequently. Warblers took lepidopteran larvae in preference to other prey. The number of Denidroica species in an area was closely related to the physical charac- teristics of the forest, but interactions among these species mediated many of the differences in density or species composition. Mature undisturbed forests in this geographic area support four of these species on a long-term basis.
A New Salamander of the Genus Plethodon from Virginia

Plethodon richmondi shenandoah, n. ssp. , occurs with P. cinereus in the Blue Ridge physiographic province of Virginia. It has a modal number of 19 trunk vertebrae, color phase dimorphism, a narrow dorsal stripe in the striped phase, reduced brassy iridophore pigmentation in the unstriped phase, and a dark belly. It is apparently separated into three isolates because of its restricted habitat distribution (north-facing talus slopes above 3000 ft). The differences between P. r. shenandoah and P. cinereus are not ecophenotypic since offspring of the two forms reared under the same laboratory conditions show the differential characteristics of the respective species. Some introgression between the two species is occurring at the periphery of one of the three isolates of shenandoah.
Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) Control with Fluroxypyr

Experiments were conducted under controlled environment and field conditions to evaluate the influence of growth stage and fluroxypyr dosage on control of field bindweed. In controlled environment studies fluroxypyr effectively controlled 8- to 12-leaf field bindweed. Shoot number, length, and dry weight, and root dry weight decreased as herbicide dose increased. The estimated ED50 (effective dose for 50% reduction) values for shoot and root dry weight were 50 and 33 g ai/ha, respectively. The ED50 for shoot length was 98 g ai/ha. Fluroxypyr was applied at rates from 0.2 to 0.4 kg/ha under field conditions to field bindweed at selected stages of growth. Regardless of herbicide dosage, fluroxypyr applied at the late flowering stage of growth controlled field bindweed better than when applied at the bud or early flower stage. Corn grain yield increased as a function of fluroxypyr dose in 1988 but not in 1987. Dry weight of roots and shoots of field bindweed harvested one year after treatment decreased with increasing rates of fluroxypyr. These studies demonstrate the potential of fluroxypyr for the control of field bindweed.
Study Abroad Levels: Toward a Classification of Program Types

The time is right for change. International educators and administrators have begun to re-orient their focus from an appraisal of the sheer numbers of students participating in international education to the quality of their experiences abroad. The fact that we in the profession speak more frequently of language acquisition and cross-cultural competence, of outcomes and their assessments, bespeaks a long-needed shift in emphasis. As we begin to gather assessment data about study abroad outcomes, how can we analyze it intelligently when we have no precise language to differentiate or categorize the types of study abroad experiences associated with that data? 2 How can we contribute to the clear articulation of educational goals in study abroad, goals that can serve as a counterweight to more and more prevalent “student client” expectations? How—drawing students out of their “comfort zones” instead of creating such zones abroad—can we bring renewed value and prestige to the rewarding difficulty and essential challenge inherent in the process of adaptation to cultural difference? As the statistics of Open Doors each year reveal, overall numbers of U.S. overseas study participants have increased steadily and, at times, impressively during the last two decades. And, with study abroad becoming each year a more attractive “recruiting tool” in the “market” for prospective students, such increases in numbers will likely continue. Unfortunately, the road toward rising student participation is insuffi-