Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid assessment of fiber orientation influence on the load resistance of anchors in SFRC

The consistent evolution of concrete has led to a variety of concrete types that enhance the material's versatility, cost‐efficiency, and sustainability. Despite the rapid development and extensive research regarding steel fiber‐reinforced concrete (SFRC) in the last decades, there are still knowledge gaps on the material's resistance against locally applied tension loads on anchor bolts, as well as the interaction of possible nonhomogeneous fiber orientations on the anchorage axisymmetric stress field. This aspect becomes particularly relevant since anchors are placed at the component boundaries, where fibers tend to align parallel to the external surface. Through an innovative experimental investigation on 64 single‐bonded anchors using layer‐casting concrete and a supporting set of nonlinear finite element simulations, this work aspires to exhibit the influence of controlled unidimensional fiber orientation on the load‐bearing capacity and behavior of anchorages in SFRC.
Unveiling the Heart of the Matter: Intravascular Ultrasound in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has become crucial in contemporary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs), offering detailed two-dimensional (2D) arterial wall visualization. Current guidelines consider it valuable for guiding coronary stent placement, especially in complex cases like the left main (LM) artery, allowing a comprehensive assessment of vessel characteristics and stent performance. There are some studies that highlight the potential impact of IVUS on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) management, notably improving outcomes. This case involves a 37-year-old man who experienced an AMI, necessitating the use of IVUS to ascertain the underlying cause of his acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This approach was essential for guiding appropriate treatment and ultimately led to successful stent implantation.
Evaluation of the Effect of Vitamin E on Reproductive Parameters in Morphine-Treated Male Mice

Background: Morphine is a narcotic pain reliever that is prescribed to reduce postoperative pain and can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, it can have negative effects on spermatogenesis and male fertility. Vitamin E is an effective antioxidant which plays an important role in membrane lipid peroxidation due to increased ROS. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin E and morphine on sperm parameters, level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and diameter of seminiferous tubules in morphine-treated mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 80 mice were divided into ten groups (n=8) including control, normal saline, vehicle, morphine, various doses of vitamin E (100, 200, 300 mg/kg), and morphine plus vitamin E (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) groups. The groups were followed up for 30 consecutive days. Sperm parameters, testis weight, the diameter of seminiferous tubules, and the level of MDA were analyzed and compared. Findings: Data analysis showed seminal parameters decreased significantly (excluding sperm count) and there was an increase in the level of MDA in morphine-treated mice compared with the normal saline group (P<0.05). Administration of E100 to morphinetreated mice did not show a significant difference in the evaluated parameters compared with the morphine group. However, E200 and E300 significantly reduced MDA and improved sperm parameters (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The results showed co-administration of vitamin E in high doses (200 & 300) could prevent the deleterious effects of morphine on some reproductive parameters and decrease the level of MDA in morphine-treated mice.
On the Reflectance of Uniform Slopes for Normally Incident Interfacial Solitary Waves

Abstract The collision of interfacial solitary waves with sloping boundaries may provide an important energy source for mixing in coastal waters. Collision energetics have been studied in the laboratory for the idealized case of normal incidence upon uniform slopes. Before these results can be recast into an ocean parameterization, contradictory laboratory findings must be addressed, as must the possibility of a bias owing to laboratory sidewall effects. As a first step, the authors have revisited the laboratory results in the context of numerical simulations performed with a nonhydrostatic laterally averaged model. It is shown that the simulations and the laboratory measurements match closely, but only for simulations that incorporate sidewall friction. More laboratory measurements are called for, but in the meantime the numerical simulations done without sidewall friction suggest a tentative parameterization of the reflectance of interfacial solitary waves upon impact with uniform slopes.
Geological and geophysical studies of the Nojima Fault from drilling: An outline of the Nojima Fault Zone Probe

Abstract The Nojima Fault Zone Probe was designed to study the properties and recovery processes of the Nojima Fault, which moved during the Hyogo‐ken Nanbu earthquake (MJMA7.2) of 1995. Three holes, 500 m, 800 m and 1800 m deep, were drilled into or near the fault zone by the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University. The 500 m and 800 m holes were drilled in November 1995, and in December 1996 the last hole reached its final depth of 1760 m. The significant results are: (i) Geological and geophysical reconstruction of the structure and evolution of the Nojima Fault was obtained; (ii) the maximum compression axis was found to be perpendicular to the fault, approximately 45° to the regional compression stress axis; (iii) micro‐earthquakes (m = –2 to +1) were induced by water injections 1–3 km from the injection points in the 1800 m hole; (iv) the fault zone was measured to be 30 m wide from microscopic studies of core samples. Instruments such as three‐component seismometers, crustal deformation instruments, and thermometers were installed in the holes.
Effect of Intravenous Levosimendan or Milrinone on Left Atrial Pressure in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery bypass Grafting—A Prospective Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Maintaining a low left atrial pressure (LAP) in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is desirable. This study was done to compare the effects of intravenous levosimendan or milrinone on LAP at different stages of OPCAB. Materials and Methods: After institutional ethics committee clearance, this two-arm double-blind randomized control trial was done in 44 adult patients with triple vessel coronary artery disease undergoing OPCAB at cardiac OT of IPGME&R, Kolkata. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups receiving intraoperative either levosimendan or milrinone. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) was compared as the primary outcome parameter, whereas other echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters were also assessed during six stages of OPCAB, that is, after sternotomy, proximal(s), left anterior descending artery (LAD), obtuse marginal (OM), posterior descending artery (PDA) grafting, and before sternal closure. Numerical parameters were compared using Student's unpaired two-tailed t-test. Results: PCWP was found to be significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the levosimendan group during proximal (P = 0.047), LAD (P = 0.018), OM (P < 0.0001), PDA grafting (P = 0.028), and before sternal closure (P = 0.015). Other parameters indicate LAP, that is, from mitral early diastolic inflow velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity ratio (E/e'), which indicated significantly lower LAP in levosimendan group during LAD, OM, and PDA grafting and before sternal closure. Conclusion: Levosimendan may be used as a primary inotrope in terms of better reduction in left atrial pressure during different stages of OPCAB, translating to a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, therefore maintaining optimum coronary perfusion pressure, which is the primary goal of the surgery.
Nutritional analysis of rice landraces from southern Odisha, India

Abstract Rice landraces conserved by tribal farmers are important for their nutritional richness. Landraces are rich in essential amino acids, vitamins, anthocyanins, and flavonoids useful to cure noncommunicable diseases and metabolic disorders. A study was carried out with 10 rice landraces from the tribal‐dominated belt of Southern Odisha to investigate grain nutrition, proximate composition, and vitamin and mineral contents. The protein content of the landraces was higher (>6 g/100 g) and the fat content was lower (<0.6 g/100 g) than popular Indian rice varieties. The mean nutrient content of 10 rice landraces was as follows: protein 6.3 ± 0.313 g/100 g, total dietary fiber 1.6 ± 0.094 g/100 g, fat 0.536 ± 0.008 g/100 g, ash 10.514 ± 6.753%, and total sugar 77.18 ± 2.118 g/100 g. The high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed for alkali spreading value (31.11%), capacity of grain hydration (52.705), index of hydration (171.439), moisture (46.343%), and vitamin B2 (23.994%) in rice landraces. Few landraces had superior iron content: Kalamalli (1.49 mg/100 g), Kandulakathi (1.42 mg/100 g), and Dudhamani (1.39 mg/100 g) compared to popular Indian rice varieties. Tikichudi had highest moisture (19%) and fat (0.53 g/100 g) content, which signifies the taste quality of rice. Kanakchudi exhibited the highest fiber content (1.8 g/100 g) and ash content (22.80%). Kalamalli contained higher zinc (0.49 mg/100 g), iron (1.49 mg/100 g), potassium (108.33 mg/100 g), magnesium (78.33 mg/100 g), and phosphorus (125.00 mg/100 g), whereas Muktabali was found to have higher Ca (3.88 mg/100 g) and Baunsidubraj exhibited higher niacin (4.9 mg/100 g). The indigenous landraces Kalamalli, Kandulakathi, and Dudhamani had considerably high iron content, whereas Kalamalli, Baunsidubraj, and Muktabali possessed less phytic acid in comparison with existing varieties and other landraces reported from various states of our country. Landraces Kalamalli, Kanakchudi, Tikichudi, and Muktabali from southern Odisha, India, represented nutritionally better genetic pool for future rice improvement.
On the unexplained stratospheric ozone losses during cold Arctic Januaries

Using a combination of data from Match, POAM II, POAM III and MLS we show that the chemical loss rate of Arctic O3 during January of four cold winters (1992, 1995, 1996, and 2000) is consistently faster than can be accounted for by assuming complete activation of reactive chlorine and standard reaction kinetics. However, O3 loss rates measured during late February and early March 1996 are shown to be consistent with observations of ClO. The faster than expected O3 loss rates during January are shown to occur when air parcels are illuminated at high solar zenith angles (SZAs between ∼85 and 94°), and to result in cumulative O3 loss of ∼0.5 ppmv. The cause of the rapid January O3 loss is unclear, but may be related to a photolytic process at high SZA that is poorly represented by current photochemical models.
Does Morphine Exposure Before Gestation Change Anxiety-Like Behavior During Morphine Dependence in Male Wistar Rats?

Background: Anxiety is one of the comorbid disorders of opioid addiction, which leads to opioid abuse or persuades people to engage in opioid abuse. Evidence revealed that morphine exposure before conception changes the offspring’s phenotype. The current study aimed to investigate the influence of morphine dependence and abstinence on anxiety-like behavior in morphine-exposed and drug-naïve offspring. Methods: Adult male and female rats were treated with morphine or vehicle for 21 days. Then, all rats were left without drug treatment for 10 days. A morphine-exposed female rat was mated with either a vehicle-exposed or morphine-abstinent male. According to parental morphine exposure, the offspring were categorized into four distinct groups: (1) control (both drug-naïve parents), (2) paternal morphine-exposed, (3) maternal morphine-exposed, and (4) biparental morphine-exposed. The anxiety-like behavior was measured in adult male offspring using open field and elevated plus-maze tests before morphine exposure (naïve), 21 days after morphine exposure (dependence), and ten days after the last morphine exposure (abstinence). Findings: The results indicated that anxiety-like behavior increased before morphine exposure in maternal and biparental morphine-exposed offspring (P<0.05). However, after morphine exposure, the anxiety level did not change among the groups. Ten days after the last morphine exposure, anxiety-like behavior increased only in biparental morphine-exposed offspring (P<0.05). Conclusion: The offspring of morphine-abstinent parents exhibited an anxious phenotype. Disruption of the HPA axis was seen in the progeny of maternal and biparental morphine-exposed rats. Indeed, morphine exposure for 21 days did not change anxiety-like behavior in these offspring which might be correlated to disruption of HPA axis in them.
Soil tank test on seepage and failure behaviors of Shirasu slope during rainfall

The changes in climate all over the world have brought various natural disasters such as flood, drought and so on. In Japan various types of slope failures due to rainfall often occur in the rainy season. Therefore Kitamura et al. have proposed a prevention system of slope failures due to rainfall. In this paper, the soil tank tests are carried out in order to analyze the mechanism of slope failure due to rainfall. The pore-water pressure in the soil is measured by the tensiometers and pore-water pressure sensors. The experimental results are compared each other, and the seepage and failure behaviors of Shirasu slope during rainfall are analyzed.
A Comparative Evaluation of Flax Seed and Coconut Oil Pulling Therapy on Plaque-Induced Gingivitis: A Preliminary Report

Oil pulling is a traditional shown promising result in controlling bleeding and reducing inflammation of periodontium. Hence, the present study was aimed to compare and evaluate the efficacy of flax seed and coconut oil as an anti-inflammatory agent with chlorhexidine gluconate in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis. The randomized controlled clinical trial involved 45 participants divided into three groups, each with 15 participants. Clinical parameters like Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), Sulcular Bleeding Index (SBI) were assessed at baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software 22.0. Results showed a significant decrease in pre- and post-treatment clinical parameters, indicating that flax seed and coconut oil pulling used as adjunctive oral hygiene aids were effectively decreased plaque formation and gingivitis.
Impact of Sub‐Grid Turbulent Orographic Form Drag on the Summer Monsoon Precipitation Simulation Over China

Terrain has multi‐scale dynamic impacts on the climate. The Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4) has simulation uncertainty partly due to insufficient description of sub‐grid orographic drag (SOD). In this study, the sub‐grid turbulent orographic form drag (TOFD) scheme has been adopted into the RegCM4 to better describe SOD. Results show that the overestimated near surface wind over rugged areas leads to non‐negligible biases of the summer monsoon precipitation simulation over China in the original RegCM4, whose skill in simulating the summer precipitation over the monsoonal regions of China can be remarkably improved by adopting the sub‐grid TOFD scheme. Compared to the original RegCM4, the Taylor scores (root mean square error) of the precipitation simulated by the RegCM4 with the sub‐grid TOFD scheme are increased (decreased) by 4%, 13%, 11%, and 7% (8%, 5%, 30%, and 16%) over the southeastern China, the mid‐lower Yangtze River Basin, the Huang‐Huai Basin, and the northeastern China, respectively. The improved precipitation simulation mainly comes from the atmospheric circulation simulation improved by adopting the sub‐grid TOFD scheme, which leads to cyclonic (anti‐cyclonic) wind differences over the southeastern (northeastern) China from the boundary layer to the mid‐troposphere and thereafter vertical motion differences in the middle troposphere, further resulting in the variation of the simulated precipitation intensity (heavy to torrential) and the convective precipitation and consequential improvement of summer monsoon precipitation simulation. This study indicates that the dynamic impact of micro‐scale terrain plays an important role in the summer monsoon precipitation simulation.
Thermohaline circulation: Energetics and variability in a single‐hemisphere basin model

A series of numerical experiments have been carried out to explore the variability of the thermohaline circulation and the energetics of halocline catastrophe. It is found that when the amplitude of surface freshwater flux is smaller than a critical value, the thermohaline circulation is in a thermal mode, with deep water formed in the north. When the freshwater flux amplitude is supercritical, the thermohaline circulation does not reach a single steady state. Instead, the model ocean is in a continuous transition between a slow, quasi-steady saline mode and an energetic, unsteady thermal mode. For cases with no wind stress, the saline mode is characterized by sinking along the equator. For cases with wind stress, the saline mode is characterized by intermediate water formation at midlatitude. During the saline mode phase, the deep water gradually becomes warm and salty. Thus at the end of the saline mode phase, within the northern basin there is cold and relatively fresh water lying on top of warm and salty water. Such a vertical structure is potentially very unstable because small perturbations can grow, supported by the release of potential energy during strong cooling. A quantity called the diabatic available potential energy index is introduced as an indicator for such convective instability. Thus a final equilibrium in the saline mode cannot be reached; instead, the model ocean flips to a very energetic thermal mode in which violent overturning destroys the vertical stratification. After the energy is released, the saline cell supported by precipitation in the subpolar basin advances southward and the model ocean returns to the saline mode. The whole cycle will be repeated.
Oxygen Transfer in Bubbly Turbulent Shear Flow

The equation for oxygen transfer in a bubbly air‐water turbulent shear flow in a vertical pipe is derived. Dimensionless variables that characterize the transfer coefficient are identified. Laboratory experiments are conducted for a range of water‐flow velocities and air‐flow rates, with and without tangential swirl. The overall transfer coefficient (KLa) is estimated from the measured DO (dissolved oxygen) response curves. The transfer coefficient (kL) is computed using measured bubble‐size distributions. For a given air‐water discharge ratio (λ), a higher flow velocity yields a larger kL due to higher turbulence and bubble‐surface renewal. For a given flow velocity, as λ increases so does KLa, primarily because the total air/water interfacial area increases. The rate of increase of KLa, however, diminishes for larger λ, because kL decreases with λ. In this case the decrease in kL results from a reduction in the turbulence intensity per unit volume of air. The transfer coefficient normalized by the mean .
Fire Regime Condition Class and Associated Data for Fire and Fuels Planning: Methods and Applications

A pilot project was conducted in the Trout West watersheds of the Pike National Forest in Central Colorado. Maps and interpretations were developed to support prioritization, planning, and effects analysis for fuel and ecosystem restora- tion to achieve National Fire Plan Cohesive Strategy options. The area is about 65,000 hectares (135,000 acres) in size and representative of Southern Rocky Mt. Province ponderosa pine ecosystems. Fire regime potential vegetation-fuel types, departure from central tendency of the historical range of variability (HRV), fire regime condi- tion class, wildfire ignition risk, wildland urban interface, fuel models, and associated information were mapped. An analysis was conducted indicating that treatment of about 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres) of high and moderate HRV departure areas, and maintenance of about 2000 hectares (5000 acres) of low departure areas, could achieve condition class 1 over a 5-year period. Treatment and maintenance focused on a landscape design substantially reduced wildfire risk to both wildland urban interface and ecosystems. A treatment option focused only on wildland urban inter- face and buffer areas did not substantially reduce risk to communities or ecosystems when compared to the no-treatment option. he Pike National Forest is located in central Colorado and contains much of the Rocky Mountain Front between Pueblo and Denver. Wild- fire is a substantial risk to National Forests as well as adjacent homeowners in the wildland urban interface. A Forest Service pilot project was conducted to evaluate methods for mapping and interpretation of hazardous fuel and asso- ciated data for prioritization and planning of restoration projects to reduce risks to ecosystems and people. The area selected for the project was the Trout West watersheds located west of Colorado Springs. The ecosystems of these watersheds are considered representative of the ponderosa pine ecosystems of the Southern Rocky Mt. Province (Bailey 1995). These watersheds also con- tain considerable wildland surban interface near the community of Woodside, Colorado. Hann and Bunnell (2001) provide an overview of multi-scale methods for planning and implementation of the National Fire Plan using the Forest Ser- vice cohesive strategy (USDA Forest Service 2000) guidance across multiple scales of planning. In the overview they emphasize the importance of stepping down the coarse-scale fire regime condition class data developed by Hardy and others (2001) along with other key data for prioritization and planning at finer scales. Hann and Bunnell (2001) provide definitions of the natural fire 1
Effects of stream drying, season, and distance to refuge on macroinvertebrate community structure in an arid intermittent stream basin

Intermittent streams are globally ubiquitous and represent a large percentage of stream networks. As climate change in many arid regions increases the frequency and intensity of drying disturbances, it is important to understand how aquatic biota will respond to such disturbances and how it would impact aquatic biodiversity. To address these topics, we sampled 10 stream reaches in the Sycamore Creek basin, an arid‐land stream in central Arizona (USA), with reach‐scale flow regimes ranging from perennial to highly intermittent. We sampled aquatic macroinvertebrates during 4 seasons to explore seasonal variability in community structure through flowing and drying phases. We also collected continuous flow data with remote data loggers to explore the impacts of intermittency and distance to perennial refuges on species richness, taxonomic composition and trait composition. Overall, richness was lower at intermittent reaches than perennial reaches, and richness values increased linearly as flow duration increased. We found no relationship between richness and distance to the nearest perennial refuge. Community assemblages differed significantly by season but were not distinct between perennial and intermittent reaches. Trait composition was also distinct between seasons and flow regimes, with traits such as a lack of diapause, longer life span and predatory feeding behaviours being indicators for perennial reaches. As climate change alters natural flow regimes, understanding the responses of macroinvertebrate community structure to drying disturbances in arid‐land streams can provide insight on aquatic community responses to climate change at larger scales.