Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late Miocene to Early Pliocene benthic foraminifera from the Tasman Sea (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1506)

Abstract. Modern and fossil benthic foraminifera have been widely documented from New Zealand, but detailed studies of material collected from drilling expeditions in the Tasman Sea are scarcer. This study aims to provide an updated taxonomic study for the Late Miocene–Early Pliocene benthic foraminifera in the Tasman Sea, with a specific focus on the paleoceanographic phenomenon known as the Biogenic Bloom. To achieve these goals, we analysed 66 samples from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1506 located in the Tasman Sea and identified a total of 98 taxa. Benthic foraminifera exhibit good preservation, allowing for accurate taxonomic identification. The resulting dataset serves as a reliable and precise framework for the identification and classification of the common deep-water benthic foraminifera in the region. The paleobathymetric analysis based on depth-dependent species indicates deposition at lower bathyal depths. Additionally, the quantitative analysis of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages allowed us to explore their response to the Biogenic Bloom at Site U1506. The paleoenvironmental analysis, focused on the Early Pliocene part of the Biogenic Bloom, points to high-productivity conditions driven by phytoplankton blooms and intensified vertical mixing of the ocean waters. These results provide valuable insights into the paleoceanographic events in the Tasman Sea, particularly the Biogenic Bloom, highlighting the significance of benthic foraminifera as reliable proxies for deciphering paleoenvironmental conditions. The taxonomic identifications and paleoenvironmental interpretations presented herein will aid in future paleoceanographic studies and facilitate comparisons with other deep-sea regions.
Site-Specific O-glycosylation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its Impact on Immune and Autoimmune Responses

The world-wide COVID-19 pandemic has promoted a series of alternative vaccination strategies aiming to elicit neutralizing adaptive immunity in the human host. However, restricted efficacies of these vaccines targeting epitopes on the spike (S) protein that is involved in primary viral entry were observed and putatively assigned to viral glycosylation as an effective escape mechanism. Besides the well-recognized N-glycan shield covering SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) proteins, immunization strategies may be hampered by heavy O-glycosylation and variable O-glycosites fluctuating depending on the organ sites of primary infection and those involved in immunization. A further complication associated with viral glycosylation arises from the development of autoimmune antibodies to self-carbohydrates, including O-linked blood group antigens, as structural parts of viral proteins. This outline already emphasizes the importance of viral glycosylation in general and, in particular, highlights the impact of the site-specific O-glycosylation of virions, since this modification is independent of sequons and varies strongly in dependence on cell-specific repertoires of peptidyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases with their varying site preferences and of glycan core-specific glycosyltransferases. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the viral O-glycosylation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its impact on virulence and immune modulation in the host.
Review on Lymph Node Metastases, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy, and Lymphadenectomy in Sarcoma

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) originating from connective tissue rarely affect the lymph nodes. However, involvement of lymph nodes in STS is an important aspect of prognosis and treatment. Currently, there is no consensus on the diagnosis and management of lymph node metastases in STS. The key risk factor for nodal involvement is the histological subtype of sarcoma. Radiological and pathological evaluation seems to be the most effective method of assessing lymph nodes in these neoplasms. Thus, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), which has been shown to be valuable in the management of melanoma or breast cancer, may also be a beneficial diagnostic option in some high-risk STS subtypes. This review summarizes data on the risk factors and clinical characteristics of lymph node involvement in STS. Possible management and therapeutic options are also discussed.
Cephalopods sampled near Azores-Biscay rise and along the mid-Atlantic Ridge north of the Azores by the FRV Walther Herwig II in 1982

ABSTRACT In June 1982 F.R.V. Walther Herwig II (WH-II) cruise 52, leg 2, investigated the bathy- and benthopelagic fish fauna along the Azores Biscay Rise and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) north of the Azores. In total 678 decapod cephalopods were collected as bycatch and identified belonging to about 33 species in 17 families. The five most abundant families were Histioteuthidae, Cranchiidae, Mastigoteuthidae, Octopoteuthidae, and Chiroteuthidae. A comparison with the cephalopod species captured on a cruise of R.V. G.O. SARS (G.O. SARS) to the North Atlantic between 60°-41°N in June-July 2004 and their distribution patterns and biodiversity have been done. The use of different types of trawls applied on G.O. SARS and WH-II 52(2) regarding selection, species composition and biogeography are discussed. Locations with high species abundance and diversity were observed on WH-II 52(2) along the mid-Atlantic Ridge at about 50°-43°N.
A Meta-Analysis of STEM Bridge Programs at Four-Year Colleges

Many universities and colleges aim to increase the retention of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) students through voluntary, university-sponsored, co-curricular programming. Bridge programs represent a common type of co-curricular activity and are often made up of additional coursework and skill-building activities designed to prepare students academically for STEM studies. Many Bridge programs are aimed at increasing the participation of students historically underrepresented in STEM. The design of bridge programs can vary quite drastically, as they may include or exclude different program elements, such as STEM-related workshops, faculty mentorship, and financial scholarships. In addition, the effectiveness of a bridge program on STEM major retention is influenced by the institutional context in which they are administered. Despite their popularity, few studies have sought to estimate the overall effectiveness of these programs on STEM major retention. This study isolates the effect of STEM-related workshops on its overall effectiveness on retaining STEM students. To study the overall effectiveness of STEM bridge program across various institutional contexts, we performed a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature by first performing a systematized literature review, and then combining and averaging relevant quantitative results into one overall odds ratio. We present the results of a meta-analysis on STEM bridge programs that provide workshops, and report on its effect on student STEM retention at the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-year marks. Search strings developed for this meta-analysis yielded 638 unique records from four databases. From these, 10 unique studies were selected for inclusion due to their relevance to this study and because they provided quantitative results that could be included in the meta-analysis. Results show that this subset of STEM bridge programs have a small effect on one-year STEM retention (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.250). Long-term effects are also limited and show a slight decreased effect by year six (OR = 1.244). While this research includes only a limited number of available studies providing quantitative data, this study highlights the potential of using meta-analysis methods to broadly analyze program effectiveness. Our results highlight the importance of purposeful STEM bridge program design and how it may impact the retention of future STEM students. Future meta-analysis work on STEM bridge programs will look at the combined and isolated effects of other program elements, such as faculty mentorship, on STEM student retention.
HOW SOCIAL SUPPORT AFFECTS CHINESE ENGLISH-LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT? A MEDIATIONAL ANALYSIS

While previous research has shown that perceived social support (PSS) influences students’ learning achievement, there is limited research in the field of English as a foreign language (EFL). This study aims to examine the role of emotions, specifically foreign language enjoyment (FLE), as a mediator between PSS and EFL achievement. The study included 477 seventh and eighth grade students (average age of 13.68 and a standard deviation of 0.61, with 49.5% girls). Using bootstrap analysis, it was found that FLE fully mediates the relationship between PSS and EFL learning achievement, while the direct effect from PSS to academic achievement is not statistically significant. These findings provide empirical support for the existing literature's theoretical assumptions, which suggest that supportive social relationships impact foreign language achievement through affective pathways. Article visualizations:
The Connection between Knowledge and the Nutritional Behaviour of Parents and the Occurrence of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children—A Pilot Study

The phenomenon of overweight and obesity constitutes a threat for health and children’s lives at preschool age. Eating habits formed during this period seriously affect not only future dietary preferences but also the development of diet-related diseases. The purpose of the present study was the assessment of the relationship between the state of knowledge of children’s nutrition and parents’ eating behaviour and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 4–6 years. The study was conducted using 200 parent–child pairs. The behaviour and nutritional knowledge of parents was assessed using a questionnaire method. In contrast, anthropometric measurements were taken among the children. Nutritional disorders were noted in 46.5% of children of whom 39.0% struggled with overweight and 7.5% with obesity. The study showed that the children of parents with higher levels of nutritional knowledge were more likely to develop overweight and obesity. It also proved that irregularity of parental food intake predisposed the development of excessive body weight in children (p = 0.0049). Therefore, it is reasonable to undertake further investigation into factors implying the development of nutritional disorders among those youngest. Early recognition of dietary mistakes can contribute to their elimination at an early age.
Application of The PjBL Model to Train Science Literacy Skills of High School Students on the Subject of Alternative Energy

The development of science and technology in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 requires everyone to master 21st-century skills, one of which is science literacy. Science literacy skills in Indonesia are still relatively low. Students' low science literacy skills are caused by several factors: the selection of learning models, teaching materials, and non-contextual learning. This study aims to describe the application of the PjBL model to train high school students' science literacy skills on the subject of alternative energy. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The research instruments used in this study were observation sheets for implementing the learning model and student worksheets. The qualitative data analysis technique used in this research is a case study. The results showed that implementing learning conducted in groups could make students active in solving problems. Each group actively participated in answering student worksheets and completing projects by analyzing and making alternative solutions to the problems presented. The stages in the student worksheet following the PjBL model can shape the science literacy skills of high school students. This study's conclusion shows that applying the PjBL model trains students' science literacy skills. While applying the PjBL model, researchers directed each group to carry out project activities through the learning stages of the PjBL model. Each group was able to identify and provide solutions to problems, design product plans, develop schedules, make simple projects following the design, test the results, and make conclusions.
Improved ZVS Criterion for Series Resonant Converters

Zero voltage switching (ZVS) of power MOSFETs is essential for resonant converters and the ZVS criterion should be formulated appropriately to achieve the ZVS condition. Conventionally, the energy-based criterion has been considered the most accurate ZVS criterion for non-resonant converters and thus has been directly applied to the resonant converters without any doubt. Through a theoretical investigation along with a few examples, this study shows that the energy-based ZVS criterion is not as accurate for resonant converters as it is for non-resonant converters. A more accurate ZVS criterion, considering energy stored in every energy tank element, the power dissipation of the load, non-zero current assumption at the end of dead time period, and the energy absorbed or supplied by the input dc voltage source, is proposed. The energy-equivalent inductance is introduced to represent resonant tank energy and is used in formulating ZVS criterion for various modulation strategies. In addition, the minimum dead time for successful ZVS transition is also investigated in this study. Experiments have been conducted to validate our new finding and the proposed method is shown to be more accurate than the conventional method.
Organic Carbon Stocks, Dynamics and Restoration in Relation to Soils of Agroecosystems in Ethiopia: A Review

Soils represent the largest carbon pool and play important roles for carbon storage for prolonged periods in agroecosystems. A number of studies were conducted to quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) worldwide. The objective of this review was to evaluate organic carbon stocks, dynamics and restoration in soils of agroecosystems in Ethiopia. Soil data from 32 different observations, representing four different agroecosystems, were analysed. The mean SOC stocks in the four agroecosystems varied and ranged from 25.66 (sub-humid agroecosystem) to 113.17 (humid mid-highland agroecosystems) Mg C ha -1 up to one meter depth. The trend of mean SOC followed (in descending order): humid mid-highland (113.17 Mg C ha -1 ) > per-humid highland (57.14 Mg C ha -1 ) > semi-arid (25.77 Mg C ha -1 ) > sub-humid (25.66 Mg C ha -1 ). Compared with soils of tropical countries, those in Ethiopian agroecosystems contained low SOC storage potential. This might be associated with differences in measurement and analysis methods as 53.1% of the studies employed the Walkley-Black Method, which is known to underestimate carbon stocks in addition to ecological and management effects. However, shifts of land management from rain-fed to irrigation farming systems exhibited progress in the improvement of mean SOC storage potential. The analyses showed that farming systems involving irrigation sequestered more carbon than rain-fed farm systems. The mean SOC in the various agricultural land uses followed the following trend (in descending order): agroforestry (153.57 Mg C ha -1 ) > grazing land (34.61 Mg C ha -1 ) > cereal cultivation (24.18 Mg C ha -1 ). Therefore, the possible solutions for improvement of organic carbon stocks would be implementation of appropriate restoration strategies based on agroecosystems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT Volume-6, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2016/17, page: 1-22
Environmental pressure from the 2014–15 eruption of Bárðarbunga volcano, Iceland

The effusive six months long 2014-2015 Barðarbunga eruption (31 August-27 February) was the largest in Iceland for more than 200 years, producing 1.6 ± 0.3 km3 of lava. The total SO2 emission was 11 ± 5 Mt, more than the amount emitted from Europe in 2011. The ground level concentration of SO2 exceeded the 350 μg m−3 hourly average health limit over much of Iceland for days to weeks. Anomalously high SO2 concentrations were also measured at several locations in Europe in September. The lowest pH of fresh snowmelt at the eruption site was 3.3, and 3.2 in precipitation 105 km away from the source. Elevated dissolved H2SO4, HCl, HF, and metal concentrations were measured in snow and precipitation. Environmental pressures from the eruption and impacts on populated areas were reduced by its remoteness, timing, and the weather. The anticipated primary environmental pressure is on the surface waters, soils, and vegetation of Iceland.
Evaluating the Impact of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgical Treatments on Sexual Health

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a prevalent condition in older men, is often managed through various surgical interventions. This narrative review aims to explore the impact of these surgical treatments on sexual function, a critical aspect of patient quality of life often overlooked in BPH management. The methodology encompassed a thorough review of contemporary surgical techniques for BPH, including prostate resection, enucleation, vaporization, and minimally invasive therapies such as UroLift, Rezum, and Aquablation. Additionally, the focus was on patient-centered outcomes, with a special emphasis on sexual health following surgery. Findings reveal that, while surgical interventions effectively alleviate BPH symptoms, they often have significant repercussions in sexual function, including erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction. However, emerging techniques demonstrate potential in preserving sexual function, underscoring the need for patient-centric treatment approaches. The study highlights the complex interplay between BPH surgery and sexual health, with minimally invasive treatments showing promise in balancing symptom relief and sexual function preservation. In conclusion, the study advocates for an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to BPH treatment, emphasizing the importance of considering sexual health in therapeutic decision-making. This narrative review suggests a paradigm shift towards minimally invasive techniques could optimize patient outcomes, marrying symptom relief with quality-of-life considerations. The need for further research in this domain is evident, particularly in understanding long-term sexual health outcomes following different surgical interventions for BPH.
Using structural equation modeling to explore the influences of physical activity, mental health, well-being, and loneliness on Douyin usage at bedtime

Douyin is the Chinese version of TikTok. Using Douyin at bedtime is a very common behavior among Douyin users. However, the reasons why users like using Douyin before sleep are yet unclear. We conducted a cross-section survey from January 1st to January 16th, 2023 to capture data to examine the associations of depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, well-being, loneliness, and physical activity with Douyin usage at bedtime. The mediation role of insomnia in these associations was examined. A total of 3,392 participants who met the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Our structural equation modeling analysis showed that depression on (β = 0.08; p < 0.05), anxiety (β = 0.06; p < 0.05), and loneliness (β = 0.14; p < 0.05) were directly associated with increased Douyin usage at bedtime, and were also indirectly associated with Douyin usage through insomnia (depression: β = 0.18; p < 0.05, anxiety: β = 0.16; p < 0.05, and loneliness: β = 0.12; p < 0.05). Life satisfaction (β = −0.05; p < 0.05) and well-being (β = −0.20; p < 0.05) were directly associated with decreased Douyin usage at bedtime, and were also indirectly associated with Douyin usage through insomnia (life satisfaction: β = −0.09; p < 0.05, and well-being: β = −0.11; p < 0.05). However, physical activity was unexpectedly associated with increased Douyin usage at bedtime (β = 0.20; p < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings shed new light on the specific reasons why Douyin users like using Douyin at bedtime.
Fostering Design Thinking for High School Students Through an Automotive Engineering Project

Design thinking is a prospective approach to delivering integrated STEM's complex and creative aspects into regular curricula. The purpose of this exploratory case study is to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated STEM instruction based on the engineering design process (EDP) for high school students. It concentrated on engineering design as a crucial component of a challenge contained inside an automotive engineering context. A car prototype was used to generate design concepts that both addressed the technology content and added to the engineering aspect. The special interest of this study was the students' reactions and attitudes as they worked in teams to develop, test, and remodel a mousetrap car. The research was administered to twenty-eight private high-school students of Yogyakarta, Indonesia that were grouped into seven teams of 3 to 4 students. Direct group observation during the learning process is used to evaluate each design thinking criterion, and video documentation was employed to provide a more in-depth analysis. The observations performed on each student group in each stage of the EDP covered six aspects of design thinking skills: responses to the design challenge, communication, leadership, teamwork, critical thinking, and problem-solving. Further, semi-structured interviews were performed to confirm the observation findings. A descriptive analysis was performed to examine observed groups' design thinking attitudes and the corresponding proficiency level. The codes were generated to describe the various performance levels in each design thinking criterion. This study revealed varying performances among student groups during engineering design-based activities. It was discovered that student groups with strong design thinking performance displayed positive interpersonal relationships among group members. Due to their effective teamwork and communication, they are able to work successfully together in solving problems. Another intriguing finding was the difference in conceptual understanding between the genders, with male students comprehending topics more experientially and female students more theoretically. This study presents an analysis of the design thinking process for high school students as a reference in the implementation of integrated STEM learning based on the engineering design process, both in formal and informal learning. This study is intended to give recommendations for educators who are interested in providing instruction that will better prepare students for the skills of the twenty-first century.