Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Standardized Initial Assessment for Demand Management in Outpatient Emergency Care in Germany: Early Qualitative Process Evaluation

Background Inadequate assessment of the severity and urgency of medical problems is one of the factors contributing to unnecessary emergency department (ED) visits. The implementation of a software-based instrument for standardized initial assessment—Standardisierte medizinische Ersteinschätzung in Deutschland (SmED) (Standardized medical Initial Assessment in Germany in English)—aims to support health care professionals and steer patients toward the right health care provider. This study aimed to explore the implementation process of SmED from a user perspective. Objective This study aims to evaluate the overall perception of SmED by health care professionals using the software, to examine to what extent SmED influences the workload and work routines of health care professionals, and to determine which factors are associated with the use of SmED. Methods An early qualitative process evaluation on the basis of interviews was carried out alongside the implementation of SmED in 26 outpatient emergency care services within 11 federal states in Germany. Participants were 30 health care professionals who work with SmED either at the joint central contact points of the outpatient emergency care service and the EDs of hospitals (ie, the Joint Counter; Gemeinsamer Tresen in German) or at the initial telephone contact points of the outpatient emergency care service (phone number 116117). Matrix-based framework analysis was applied to analyze the interview data. Results Health care professionals perceived that workload increased initially, due to additional time needed per patient. When using SmED more frequently and over a longer time period, its use became more routine and the time needed per call, per patient, decreased. SmED was perceived to support decision making regarding urgency for medical treatment, but not all types of patients were eligible. Technical problems, lack of integration with other software, and lack of practicability during peak times affected the implementation of SmED. Conclusions Initial experiences with SmED were positive, in general, but also highlighted organizational issues that need to be addressed to enhance sustainability. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017014; https://www.drks. de/drks_web/navigate.do? navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00017014
Spiritual and Religious Resources in African American Women

Many women experience depressive symptoms after childbirth, and rates among African Americans are as high as 40%. Spirituality and religiosity are valued in African American communities, but their relevance to new mothers has not been empirically tested. We examined effects of religiosity and spirituality on trajectories of depressive symptoms during the year after childbirth. Data were collected by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Community Child Health Network, which focuses on maternal-child health disparities. The sample consisted of 702 low-socioeconomic-status African American predominantly Christian women. Participants were interviewed in their homes throughout the year after a birth. Spirituality and religiosity each independently predicted changes in depressive symptoms, and low levels predicted increases over time. Effects of religiosity were mediated by a woman’s spirituality. Religiosity and spirituality functioned as significant, interrelated protective factors in this study, which provides novel insight about lower-income African American women after childbirth.
The palaeomagnetism of (Mesoproterozoic) Eriksfjord Group red beds, South Greenland: multiphase remagnetization during the Gardar and Grenville episodes

The Eriksfjord Group comprises ∼3000 m of lavas and sediments rapidly deposited in a rift which developed within an Andean-type batholith in juxtaposition to the southern margin of the Laurentian Shield in South Greenland at ca. 1300 Ma. The lavas have been shown to preserve a detailed record of the geomagnetic field at the time of eruption, incorporating normal, reversed and transitional directions. This study has examined the magnetic properties of the intervening red sediments. They are found to possess a diagenetic remanence imparted by mediating fluids at later times. The impact of diagenesis is stratigraphically controlled: the base of the rift infill has magnetizations partially resident in magnetite which are either unstable to thermal cleaning or record a single polarity ‘B’ magnetization (D/I = 284/67°, 31 samples, α95 = 5.5°, palaeopole at 244.1°E, 47.5°N, dp/dm = 7.5/9.1° ). This corresponds in polarity, and closely in direction, to remanence observed in mid-Gardar gabbro giant dykes and dyke swarms emplaced along the axis of the rift system at ca. 1160 Ma; the causative diagenetic magnetite appears to have grown from hydrothermal systems motivated by this magmatism in a sealed reservoir setting within the lower part of the rift infill. The Ilimaussaq alkaline igneous complex was emplaced into the southern extension of the rift at ca. 1130 Ma and possesses a dual polarity magnetization (D/I = 327/81°, α95 = 6.4°, 10 sites). Eriksfjord lavas within the thermal aureole are overprinted to varying degrees by comparable magnetizations with steep inclinations. The mean pole position (283°E, 71°N, dp/dm = 12/12° ) lies near the apex of an apparent polar wander loop incorporating the Gardar Track (ca. 1300–1140 Ma) and the Keweenawan Track (ca. 1115–1050 Ma). Magnetizations in the Eriksfjord sedimentary succession have not been significantly reset by emplacement of the Ilimaussaq complex, but higher levels of the rift infill are dominated by an ‘A’ magnetization (D/I = 305/34°, α95 = 4.3°, 57 samples, palaeopole at 202.1°E, 32.4°N, dp/dm = 2.8/4.9° ) resident in haematite. The pole position does not correspond with any part of the Gardar Track, but does correlate with the return Keweenawan Track at ca. 1090 Ma, close to the time of Grenville orogenesis along the bordering southeastern margin of the Laurentian Shield. This remanence is attributed to diagenesis during extensional tectonism linked to the collapse of the Grenville Orogen formerly sited 100–200 km to the south.
Vacuum Expectation Value Profiles of the Bulk Scalar Field in the Generalized Randall-Sundrum Model

In the generalized Randall-Sundrum warped brane-world model the cosmological constant induced on the visible brane can be positive or negative. In this paper we investigate profiles of vacuum expectation value of the bulk scalar field under general Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions in the generalized warped brane-world model. We show that the VEV profiles generally depend on the value of the brane cosmological constant. We find that the VEV profiles of the bulk scalar field for a visible brane with negative cosmological constant and positive tension are quite distinct from those of Randall-Sundrum model. In addition we show that the VEV profiles for a visible brane with large positive cosmological constant are also different from those of the Randall-Sundrum model. We also verify that Goldberger and Wise mechanism can work under nonzero Dirichlet boundary conditions in the generalized Randall-Sundrum model.
The effects of learning orientation and marketing programme planning on export performance: Paradoxical moderating role of psychic distance

Despite extensive research on the effect of organisational learning processes on firm performance, how and when a propensity to learn influences the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) remains unclear. Using multiple-informant and time-lagged primary data from 242 SMEs in a sub-Saharan African market, this study examines the roles of marketing programme planning and host country psychic distance in linking export learning orientation to export performance. Findings from the study show that increases in both export learning orientation and marketing programme planning are associated with increases in export performance. In addition, the study finds that while increases in psychic distance weaken the effect of export learning orientation on export performance, it strengthens the effect of marketing programme planning on export performance. These findings draw attention to the idea that cognitive distance between home and host country markets may play a paradoxical role in explaining when organisational learning activities may help or hurt exporting SMEs.
CHALLENGES FACING WOMEN LEADERS AMONGST LOCAL AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES IN TANZANIA

Efforts have been made worldwide to reduce gender parity in all aspects of life, by increasing accessibility and equity of women in various areas, decision making being one. Today, women occupy a relative amount of positions of power in the country, despite their number being small in such positions. However, women in decision making positions are faced by various challenges . Despite different research and efforts done by the Government of Tanzania and others, the situation is not promising. Generally, this study aimed at exploring the challenges faced by women leaders, their ability to cope, ways they engage in coping with the situation and suggest ways of reducing the challenges. The study employed a qualitative strategy, drawing from 10 in-depth interviews of women in decision making positions purposively sampled. Data were analyzed qualitatively based on categories and emerged major themes. The study revealed the following challenges; dominant masculine culture, negative attitude from subordinates, woman natural roles, low level of commitment and confidence, lack of time to socialize and networking. All the respondents show that are able to cope with the challenges and their coping strategies are: being hard working, balancing between the office and family, employing participatory techniques in management, further education and training, especially on management skills, setting achievable goals, avoid unethical practices such as corruption and sexual affairs, doing away with discriminatory traditions and laws, mentoring and coaching and use of alumni and role models. Grounded on the liberal feminist theory the study concluded that, women are not different from men and the existing gender inequalities are not biologically created but rather socially constructed. Therefore, in order to bring social change and reduce gender inequality eliminating impediments and put in place policies, laws that promote equal rights of women is crucial for attainment of 50% women representation in management and decision making positions. The study recommends that, alumni and role models share their experiences, coach and mentor girls from low school age, priotise further education and training for women, appointing women based on their merits, appointees getting proper orientation, identifying capable girls, nurture, and mentor them, engage women in awareness campaigns, and advocate for change in discriminatory laws and practices
Influence of lagoons size and prey availability on the wading birds (Ciconiiformes) in the upper Paraná river floodplain, Brazil

The influence of lagoons size and prey availability on the Ciconiiformes in the upper Parana river floodplain, Brazil, were analysed. The Ciconiiformes census was conducted quarterly in 2002, simultaneously to the fish census (gill nets and seining nets). There was strong relationship between the lagoons size and birds abundance, but modest relationship of lagoons size with the birds diversity and number of species. The presence of Ciconiiformes in the lagoons was better predicted by the fish density in seining nets than by the fish capture by unit of effort in gill nets. Except in the flood, there was strong relationship between the fishes density and birds relative abundance, and more modest relationship of the fishes density with birds diversity and number of species. The lagoon's size and prey availability were strong predictors of Ciconiiformes abundance and relative abundance, respectively. However, environmental variables not analysed probably could have significant influence in the determination of the birds diversity and number of species.
Winter and Summer Home Ranges and Core use Areas of Double-Crested Cormorants Captured near Aquaculture Facilities in the Southeastern United States

Abstract. Numbers of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) wintering in the southeastern United States have increased dramatically during the last 30 years concomitant with the rise of the aquaculture industry in this region. These cormorants commonly foraged at commercial aquaculture facilities and thereby came into conflict with farmers. Various interest groups are seeking ecologically sound strategies for minimizing the effects of burgeoning cormorant populations. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate winter and summer home ranges of cormorants captured in the southeastern U.S. and determine whether age class, body mass, density of aquaculture facilities and availability of roost sites influenced size of these home ranges. Mean ± SE home range size and core use area of satellite transmitter-marked cormorants wintering in the southeastern U.S. from 1999 to 2001 were 17,490 ± 1,986 km2 (N = 37) and 1,550 ± 265 km2 (N = 37), respectively. Winter home range size was not affected by region, age class or body mass. Summer home range and core use area of marked cormorants was 30,547 ± 6,197 km2 (N = 6) and 3,124 ± 1,019 km2 (N = 6), respectively.
Raising the Stakes in the Ultimatum Game: Experimental Evidence From Indonesia

Implementing the ultimatum game experimentally in Indonesia makes it possible to raise the stakes to three times the monthly expenditure of the average participant. Contrary to predictions in the literature, the results show no evidence of approaching the sub-game perfect, selfish outcomes. Responders seem to be just as willing to reject a given percentage offer at high stakes as at low stakes, and Proposers make slightly less selfish offers as the stakes increase.
An innovation diffusion perspective of e-consumers’ initial adoption of self-collection service via automated parcel station

As an application of self-service technology, automated parcel station (APS) is emerging as a logistics innovation to address the inefficiency and delivery failure in conventional home delivery. However, the long-term viability of APS depends on the consumers’ acceptance of such concept. In response, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a behavioural study on consumers’ adoption of self-collection service via APS. ,By synthesising theoretical insights from the innovation diffusion literature and attitude theories, a conceptual model is developed and empirically validated. Perceived characteristics of APS are present to directly influence the consumers’ adoption intention, or indirectly through attitude. A total of 170 valid responses are collected from a survey conducted in Singapore and the data are analysed using structural equation modelling. ,Consumers’ favourable attitude and perceived relative advantage of APS directly lead to stronger adoption intention. On the contrary, consumers’ perceptions on compatibility and trialability and on complexity indirectly influence their adoption intention via attitude, in a positive and in a negative way, respectively. Additionally, attitude is found to be the most influential factor contributing to consumers’ adoption intention. ,The scope of this paper is limited to e-consumers’ initial adoption decision. Future research should examine the consumers’ adoption behaviour further down the innovation adoption process, such as continuance and commitment. ,This research conceptualises and validates the consumers’ adoption behaviour of APS from a synthesised view of innovation diffusion and attitude theories, theoretically and empirically contributing to the field of study on logistics innovations from the consumers’ perspective.
The Impact of Female Pre-Cyclic and Cyclic Parameters and Semen Analysis Parameters on the Pregnancy Rate in IUI Cycles; a Prospective Study

Original Research Article Introduction: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) could be the first-line option in the treatment of infertile couples with different aetiologies before moving to the more sophisticated, expensive and time-consuming techniques. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate prognostic factors for IUI success. Material and method: a prospective study conducted between August/2015 and January/ 2019, 188 IUI cycles were done during the study period for infertile couples attending Albayda Fertility Centre/Libya. The baseline clinical and biological characteristics were compared between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups. The preand post-preparation semen parameters for the husbands of both groups were also compared. Regression analyses were performed to identify the most explanatory factor for the occurrence of the clinical pregnancy after Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and IUI. Results: the clinical pregnancy rate was 17% per cycle and 19.6% per couple. The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly and positively associated with the endometrial thickness (OR=1.4, p=0.023), and shows a significant inverse correlation with wives’age (OR=0.90, p=0.016). Conclusion: this study confirms the efficacy of IUI as an effective modality of infertility treatment. Wifes , age and endometrial thickness were the strongest predictors for IUI success.
Investigation of the Effects of Apple Trees Infection by Erwinia amylovora on the Expression of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Homologous to Allergens.

Background Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are induced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Some plant proteins, including Mal d 1, Mal d 2, and Mal d 3 in apple, are allergens. In this study, the effects of Erwinia amylovora infection of two apple cultivars, Red and Golden Delicious, on the expression of PR proteins homologous to Mal d 1, 2, and 3 were investigated. Methods In natural conditions trees with or without disease symptoms were sampled. In addition, seeds of the cultivars were grown in a greenhouse and seedlings were examined in three groups: 1) those inoculated by E. amylovora, 2) those inoculated by sterilized distilled water, and 3) uninoculated. Real-time PCR was used to determine expression of the Mal d 1, 2, and 3 genes (Mal d 1, 2, and 3) in infected and uninfected samples. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and graphs were produced by Excel. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results The analysis of variance showed that in natural conditions the effect of infection on the mean relative expression of Mal d 2 and 3 was significant, and more so in Red than in Golden Delicious. The analysis of variance of the greenhouse samples showed that the effect of infection on the mean relative expression of Mal d 1, 2, and 3 in both cultivars was significant. Conclusion Our results suggest that Mal d 2 is more related to plant defense than Mal d 1 or Mal d 3, and is more highly expressed in E. amylovora-resistant than in E. amylovora-sensitive cultivars.
Efficiency of Submucosal Versus Intramuscular Injection of Dexamethasone in Reducing Postoperative Complications Following Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Ramdomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial

Original Research Article Objective: To study the efficiency of two different routes of administration of dexamethasone in controlling the main postoperative sequelae after mandibular third molars surgery. Patients and methods: 44 patients with 60 surgical extractions of impacted lower third molars were enrolled in a randomized, double blind study. Patients either received a submucosal injection of 8mg of dexamethasone and intramuscular injection of saline solution or vice versa. Procedure was carried out under local anesthesia. The assessment of postoperative edema and trismus was based on four facial measurements and the width of mouth opening, taken prior to surgery and on two and seven days, postoperative. To evaluate pain, the number of analgesic (paracetamol) tablets consumed and the visual analog scale score were used. Results: Due to their inability to complete data collection procedures, six patients were ruled out from the final statistical analysis. The mean surgery duration was 26.93 ± 9.74 minutes. No statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups regarding the three outcomes. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the administration of 8mg of dexamethasone via the submucosal route is an effective approach to limit pain, edema and trismus following mandibular third molars surgical extraction.
Life cycle of spotted pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer) on blackgram.

A study on bionomics of Maruca testulalis (Geyer) [spotted pod borer] was carried out under the laboratory conditions at an average temperature of 26.5°C and 83.50 per cent relative humidity at Junagadh Agricultural University during 2008. The female moth laid eggs on the flower buds and flower surface or inner surface of glass jar. It measured on an average of 0.58 ± 0.015 mm in length and 0.38 ± 0.015 mm in breadth. The mean incubation period was 3.24 ± 0.72 days. The larva passed through the five distinct instars before attaining the pupal stage. The average duration of first, second, third, fourth and fifth instar larva were 2.12 ± 0.66, 2.80 ± 0.70, 2.76 ± 0.66, 2.76 ± 0.72 and 3.60 ± 0.64 days respectively and they measured on an average of 3.20 ± 0.87, 4.38 ± 0.29, 9.12 ± 0.28, 10.51 ± 0.55, 15.67 ± 0.53 mm in length and 0.71 ± 0.15, 0.77 ± 0.12, 1.9 ± 0.12, 2.57 ± 0.10, 3.02 ± 0.11 mm in breadth respectively. The mean total larval period was 14.04 ± 0.97 days. The average pupal period was 10.84 ± 1.79 days and measured on an average of 12.53 ± 0.14 mm in length and 3.11 ± 0.14 mm in breadth. The adult moth had medium brown wings and creamy white to brown body with long legs. The longevity of female and male moth was 8.06 ± 1.90 and 6.24 ± 1.33 days respectively. The preoviposition, oviposition and post oviposition periods were on an average 1.76 ± 0.72, 3.8 ± 0.79 and 2.84 ± 0.80 days respectively. The total number of eggs laid by a single female was on an average of 38.8 ± 3.85 eggs. The total life cycle from egg to emergence of adult was completed within 26.25 ± 1.44 days and 32.04 ± 2.97 days by male and female respectively.