Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Karakteristik Biodegradable Plastics dari Kulit Pisang Candi dengan Penambahan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Clay

Biodegradable plastics adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan. Kulit pisang candi berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik karena mengandung pati sebesar 28,488 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh plasticizer (sorbitol) dan filler (kalsium silikat dan clay ) terhadap kuat tarik, % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % absorpsi bioplastik. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler clay atau kalsium silikat maka bioplastik memiliki kuat tarik yang besar dan % elongasi yang semakin kecil. Semakin banyak clay yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar daya absorpsi terhadap air, namun semakin banyak kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan maka semakin kecil daya absorpsi terhadap air. Semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat dan clay maka semakin kecil % biodegradasi bioplastik. Semakin banyak jumlah sorbitol yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % water absorption namun semakin kecil % kuat tarik. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat memiliki kuat tarik antara 4,11-22,08 Mpa, % elongasi antara 2,17%-57,95%, % water absorption antara 67,26%-120% dan %biodegradasi antara 0,61%-19,22%. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler clay memiliki kuat tarik antara 2,38-14,05 Mpa, %elongasi antara 2,11%-46,24%, % water absorption antara 79,07%-150,67% dan %biodegradasi antara 1,17%-34,54%. Biodegradable plastics is plastic which has environmentally properties. Candi banana peels potential to be used as a basic material for making bioplastics because it contains 28,488% starch. The aims of our research is to determine the effect of plasticizer (sorbitol) and filler (calcium silicate and clay) on tensile strength, elongation (%), biodegradation (%) and bioplastic absorption (%). Based on the result, the more amount of calcium silicate or clay filler added, the larger tensile strength and the smaller % elongation. The more amount of clay added, the greater absorption capacity of water, but the more calcium silicate added, the smaller absorption capacity of water. The more amount calcium silicate filler added, the smaller the biodegradation of bioplastic, but in the data based on clay filler, % biodegradation decreased. The more amount of sorbitol added, the greater % elongation, % biodegradation and % water absorption, but the smaller % tensile strength. Bioplastics with calcium silicate as filler has tensile strength between 4.11-22.08 Mpa, % elongation between 2.17% -57.95%, % water absorption between 67.26% -120% and % biodegradation between 0.61-19.22%. Bioplastics with clay as filler has tensile strength between 2.38-14.05 MPa, % elongation between 2.11%-46.24%, % water absorption between 79.07%-150.67% and % biodegradation between 1,17% -34.54%.
Self-organized learning environment teaching strategy for ELT in Merdeka Belajar concept for high school students in Indonesia

As the development of the industrial revolution takes place, disruptions are happening constantly in almost every major sector of the current industries. Companies and organizations complained about the competencies of the graduates entering the work force. This matter questions the readiness of the education system in preparing the students for the real world. Problems in education such as the regulations, strict policies and instructions from the government are undermining the role of the teachers to do what they think best for their students. This standardization has harmed the motivation and enthusiasm to learn, especially in English language class. Lack of motivation and English Language competency could harm students' opportunity in accessing the vast global network of knowledge. Merdeka Belajar and SOLE are the promising alternatives in improving ELT. This article is somewhat a position paper trying to clear one side of a debatable opinion about a hot issue. It aims to persuade the reader that our opinion is valid and defensible. In doing so, we then separate the discussion into several parts regarding the analysis of concepts of Merdeka Belajar and SOLE (Self-Organized Learning Environment) related to ELT and motivation in language learning, as well as innovation in education.
Study on pyrexia in pregnancy and labour with special emphasis on fetomaternal outcome

Fetus being an integral part of the feto-maternal unit and pregnancy involving numerous physiological changes and adaptations, pyrexia during the pregnancy affects both the mother and her foetus adversely. Effect of pyrexia on pregnancy depends on the extent of the rise in the temperature. Globally, pyrexia in pregnancy occurs as a common clinical problem and the feto-maternal risk is significantly elevated in pregnancy complicated by infection and fever. A wide range of maternal medical complications as well as fetal and neonatal complications occur due to pyrexia in pregnancy from various etiologies that range from preventable infections like malaria to hepatitis. Maternal complications were very much dependent on the etiology of fever however fetal outcomes overlapped irrespective of the cause of fever. Moreover, adverse fetal outcome was more numerous than maternal complication. Hence it can be hypothesized ABSTRACT
A cross-sectional study on socio-demographic profile and associated risk factors of chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital of Andhra Pradesh

According to National Kidney Foundation (NKF) guidelines, CKD is defined as either kidney damage or Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 60 ml/min/1.73 m for three or more months. CKD can be caused by a variety of conditions and evidence suggests that hypertension and diabetes are the two major causes of it worldwide. Its prevalence appears to be increasing in India. Given its population of more than one billion, the rising incidence of CKD in India is likely to pose major problems for both healthcare and the economy in future years. Indeed, it has been recently estimated that the age adjusted incidence rate of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in India to be 229 per million population, and >100,000 ABSTRACT
The Geometrical Effect on the Von Mises Stress on Ball and Socket Artificial Discs

Wear has been considered as a major issue for ball and socket artificial discs. This paper studies the effects of ball radius and radial clearance of the artificial disc on the von Mises stresses. Different material combinations, used in artificial discs, are compared. FEA simulation using Solidworks has been conducted for different disk geometries. The highest von Mises stress was 714MPa for 10mm radius metal against metal design. The lowest von Mises stress was 14.8MPa for 16mm radius of the UHMWPE/CoCr material combination, which exhibited the lowest von Mises stresses for all the radii of the ball and socket articulation. Considering radial clearance, the lowest von Mises stress was 14.8MPa for 0.015mm clearance of the UHMWPE/CoCr combination. The highest von Mises stress of 100.8MPa with a radial clearance of 0.25mm was recorded for the same combination. There is a strong relation between the von Mises stress and the geometry of the ball and socket of the artificial disc. Keywords-FEA; von Mises stress; radial clearance; artificial disc; artificial joint
Acids, Bases, and Salts in Mixed-Aqueous Solvents

The dependence of the dissociation constants of acids and bases and their tendency to form salts upon solvent composition in mixed-aqueous solvents are reviewed, along with the activities of the solvent components. The acid–base equilibria are dominated by preferential solvation of the ions by water molecules in the mixtures, compounded by the very high water activities across most of the solvent composition range; the neutral components are normally preferentially solvated by the organic component of the solvent mixture. Neutral acids, such as carboxylic acids and phenols, show only modest increases in pKa (1–2 pK units) in solvent mixtures containing up to 60–70 wt % organic component; thereafter is a much steeper, solvent-dependent increase to the value in the pure organic solvent. Cationic acids, such as protonated amines, anilines, and pyridines, display a universal decrease in pKa (∼1 pK unit) up until around 80 wt % organic solvent, almost independent of the nature of the base or the solvent; beyon.
Translation and Adaptation of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form into Persian

Traumatic events and psychological damage are common, and the assessment of the growth in survivors of these events is critical. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form (PTGI-SF). This study was conducted in five phases: (1) forward and backward translation of the questionnaire based on the WHO protocol, (2) confirmatory factor analysis to assess construct validity with 563 participations (288 women and 275 men), aged 19-84 years (mean: 33.36 years), (3) Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency, (4) correlations with the Persian version of the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) for assessing criterion-related validity, and (5) measurement of invariance across genders. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor model consisting of relating to others, new possibilities, personal strength, spiritual change, and appreciation of life. All the dimensions of the PTGI-SF were moderately associated with the Persian version of the DUREL. The internal reliability of the subscales and full scale of the PTGI-SF were acceptable to satisfactory, and the configural, metric, and scalar invariance was found across genders. The Persian version of PTGI-SF is an acceptable, valid, and reliable tool for measuring posttraumatic growth in Iran.
Oxidation of low-molecular weight organic compounds in cloud
droplets: development of the JAMOC chemical mechanism in
CAABA/MECCA (version 4.5.0gmdd)

Abstract. The Julich Aqueous-phase Mechanism of Organic Chemistry (JAMOC) is developed and implemented in the Module Efficiently Calculating the Chemistry of the Atmosphere (MECCA, version 4.5.0gmdd1). JAMOC is an explicit in-cloud oxidation scheme for oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs), suitable for global model applications. It is based on a subset of the comprehensive CLoud Explicit Physico-chemical Scheme (CLEPS, version 1.0). The phase transfer of species containing up to ten carbon atoms is included, and a selection of species containing up to four carbon atoms reacts in the aqueous-phase. In addition, the following main advances are implemented: (1) simulating hydration and dehydration explicitly, (2) taking oligomerisation of formaldehyde, glyoxal and methylglyoxal into account, (3) adding further photolysis reactions, and (4) considering gas-phase oxidation of new outgassed species. The implementation of JAMOC in MECCA makes a detailed in-cloud OVOC oxidation model readily available for box as well as for regional and global simulations that are affordable with modern supercomputing facilities. The new mechanism is tested inside the box-model Chemistry As A Boxmodel Application (CAABA), yielding reduced gas-phase concentrations of most oxidants and OVOCs except for the nitrogen oxides. 1 The name of this version indicates that it is used for the interactive discussion in GMDD. If necessary, bug fixes can still be made. We plan to release the final version CAABA/MECCA-4.5. 0 together with the final paper in GMD.
Facile, controllable, chemical reduction synthesis of copper nanostructures utilizing different capping agents

Abstract This investigation reports a simple, controllable, chemical reduction method for the formation of copper nanoparticles by reducing copper sulfate with sodium hypophosphite in ethylene glycol using different capping agents: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG2000), and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000). The synthetic parameters influencing the purity, size, and morphology of the copper nanoparticles such as reaction time, reaction temperature, reaction solvent, initial copper sulfate concentration, and capping agent were investigated. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results revealed that pure copper nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of 28 nm were successfully prepared in the presence of PEG4000 capping agent, at 70 °C, and in 45 min. The formation mechanism of the as-prepared Cu nanoparticles was also proposed.
A (1:1) 7-Å Fe Phase and its Transformation in Recent Sediments: An HRTEM and AEM Study

Young marine green grains, from Fe-rich sediments, were studied by using HRTEM systematically combined with punctual microchemical EDX analyses. Experimental results demonstrated these grains were made of a mixture of very small phases (mainly 1:1 and 2:1 silicates layer phases) with a dominant 7-Å Fe specie. All the main crystallochemically characterized phases appeared intimately related in the same evolutionary process. Each of them experienced different and well described conversion mechanisms. So first, a starting original Fe-rich kaolinite recrystallized via solution into another particular 7-Å Fe-rich phase, the composition of which varies from a di-tri to a pure trioctahedral (Mg + Fe) end member.This Fe-rich 1:1 mineral is effectively not a classical one. Then crystallization of a 10Å, rather dioctahedral K-rich phase occurs at the expense of it, through 1:½:1 interstratified structures. Such an evolution takes place through a solid state mechanism in which one 10-Å layer replaces one 7-Å layer. Another part of mica-like structures may also directly develop after dissolution of original kaolinites. The development of 10-Å K-rich phases could be significative of the beginning of the glauconitization process in these grains.
Comparison of soil test methods for predicting cotton response to soil and fertilizer potassium on potassium fixing soils

Abstract Cotton (Gossvpium hirsutum L.) yields are limited by K deficiency in extensive areas of California where soils contain minerals that fix K in nonreplaceable forms. A survey study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between seed cotton yield and four soil test methods for K by regression analysis. A total of 38 on‐farm sites over two years were included in the study. Intensity parameters obtained from two soil tests that measure solution‐phase K+ concentration in soil/solution suspensions were the best predictors of cotton yield across soils, sites, and years. Quantity parameters based on 1 M NH4‐extractable K or K extracted by 5 N H2SO4 were significantly less precise in predicting yield. Three K fixation isotherm methods were also compared for their ability to predict the proportion of added K that is fixed. Only one method that included a soil wetting and drying cycle provided estimates of K fixation and solution‐phase K+ concentration that were in reasonable agreement with actual values.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Ficus sycomorus fruit and leaf extracts

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Ficus sycomorus fruit and leaf extracts obtained from the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Materials and Methods: Fruits and leaves of F. sycomorus were collected from the Kyrenia region of Northern Cyprus in July 2018. The leaf and fruit samples were extracted with the distilled water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and chloroform solvents (1:10 [w/v]). After evaporation, samples were suspended in methanol at the final concentration of 100 mg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the leaf and fruit extracts was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Method. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were determined using the methods reported by Stankovic in 2011 and Sharm and Vig in 2013. Antioxidant activity of samples was tested using free radical scavenger method. Results: The leaf extracts of F. sycomorus was active. The inhibition zone diameters ranged from 1.8mm to 13.00 mm. Fruit extracts and methanol controls showed no inhibitory effect on strains. However, bacteriostatic activity against Enterococcus faecalis was observed in fruit-water extract. The highest antimicrobial activity was shown against Staphylococcus aureus (13 mm) for ethanolic extracts at 100 mg/mL concentration. Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) for ethanolic extract was observed starting at 25 mg/mL concentration against S. aureus. Although, no antimicrobial activiy was observed in fruit extracts, the highest 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activiy and phytochemical content were recorded in fruit extracts. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that leaf extracts of F. sycomorus can be used as a curative agent for the treatment of S. aureus and fungal infections and may be effective against pathogenic microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics. Antioxidant content of fruit and leaf extracts can be effective against the negative effects of free radicals.
Rapid Multi-Objective Optimization of Periodically Operated Processes Based on the Computer-Aided Nonlinear Frequency Response Method

The dynamic optimization of promising forced periodic processes has always been limited by time-consuming and expensive numerical calculations. The Nonlinear Frequency Response (NFR) method removes these limitations by providing excellent estimates of any process performance criteria of interest. Recently, the NFR method evolved to the computer-aided NFR method (cNFR) through a user-friendly software application for the automatic derivation of the functions necessary to estimate process improvement. By combining the cNFR method with standard multi-objective optimization (MOO) techniques, we developed a unique cNFR–MOO methodology for the optimization of periodic operations in the frequency domain. Since the objective functions are defined with entirely algebraic expressions, the dynamic optimization of forced periodic operations is extraordinarily fast. All optimization parameters, i.e., the steady-state point and the forcing parameters (frequency, amplitudes, and phase difference), are determined rapidly in one step. This gives the ability to find an optimal periodic operation around a sub-optimal steady-state point. The cNFR–MOO methodology was applied to two examples and is shown as an efficient and powerful tool for finding the best forced periodic operation. In both examples, the cNFR–MOO methodology gave conditions that could greatly enhance a process that is normally operated in a steady state.
Feasibility of image-based augmented reality guidance of total shoulder arthroplasty using microsoft HoloLens 1

ABSTRACT Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (TSA) is a shoulder replacement procedure to treat severe rotator cuff deficiency, primarily caused by osteoarthritis in elderly patients. One of the critical factors in reducing postoperative complications is accurate drilling of a centring hole on the glenoid surface at a precise position and orientation. While the drilling path is planned pre-operatively on 3D diagnostic images, the absence of visual guidance during surgery can lead to low reproducibility. In this paper, we present the design and feasibility analysis of a marker-less image-based registration pipeline using the Microsoft HoloLens 1 and its built-in sensors to guide glenoid drilling during TSA. Our solution intra-operatively registers the pre-operative 3D scan to the exposed glenoid surface both with and without occlusion. Our results provide a breakdown of the sources contributing to registration error. In addition to the commonly discussed errors (SLAM-based head tracking, partial overlap etc.), we find that the poor performance of the depth sensing camera becomes a major source of error. We further find that partial overlap between the source and target remains a large concern for registration in high occlusion scenarios. This work begins to characterise the depth sensor error and suggests future work towards image-based augmented reality guidance.
A Dosimetric Comparison of Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy to Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Carcinoma

Introduction: The study was conducted to compare volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Material and Methods: Ten computed tomography (CT) scans were selected and for each CT scan, two plans were calculated (IMRT and VMAT). The average cumulative dose-volume histograms of VMAT plans for the planning target volumes (PTVs), organs at risk (OARs), and normal tissues were calculated and compared with those reported for the corresponding IMRT technique. Results: Target coverage was equivalent for both techniques. For primary PTV, the average homogeneity index (HI) of IMRT was significantly lower than the VMAT plans (0.10±0.04 vs. 0.11±0.03; p <0.0001). The average conformity index (CI) values for IMRT and VMAT were 1.21 and 1.12, respectively, with a nonsignificant trend for better results with VMAT (p =0.1). For the PTV boost, there was a nonsignificant trend for better results with VMAT in average HI and CI. The VMAT was superior to IMRT in OAR sparing. For monitor units (MUs), VMAT plans required 70% less MUs than IMRT. Conclusion: For LARC patients, VMAT was able to deliver treatment plans dosimetrically equivalent to IMRT in terms of PTV coverage. The VMAT provided better OAR sparing and significant reduction of MUs in comparison to IMRT.
Storage stability study of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) paste.

Apart from using different treatments (radiation, freezing, drying and cold storage) to extend shelf-life of fruits and vegetables, simple methods of product development can also be used to ward off spoilage from these commodities and to save the growers from huge economical losses. Tomato paste was prepared by concentration method without heating. In this method, two parts of water (out of three) were removed without using any energy and the product tasted like fresh tomatoes. The product was stored by adding sodium benzoate (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0%). No data was recorded for control due to spoilage of the sample. The data for remaining samples revealed significant increase in pH values (4.61-4.92) with increase in benzoate concentrations, but reduced pHs (4.83-4.71) during a 5-months storage period at ambient temperature. The effect of preservative levels on acidity (ascorbic acid) and browning values was nearly negligible for samples with 1 % sodium benzoate, but the mean ascorbic acid content showed significant reduction from 11.40-5.44 mg/100 g during 5-months storage. However, acidity also increased significantly during storage (0.38-0.68%) with increasing benzoate levels.