Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Iterated Decoding Algorithm Based on Differential Frequency Hopping System

A new iterated decoding algorithm is proposed for differential frequency hopping (DFH) encoder concatenated with multi-frequency shift-key (MFSK) modulator. According to the character of the frequency hopping (FH) pattern trellis produced by DFH function, maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability theory is applied to realize the iterate decoding of it. Further, the initial conditions for the new iterate algorithm based on MAP algorithm are modified for better performance. Finally, the simulation result compared with that from traditional algorithms shows good anti-interference performance.
Demographic and Human Capital Scenarios for the 21st Century: 2018 assessment for 201 countries

This volume presents different scenarios of future population and human capital trends in 201 countries of the world to the end of this century to inform the assessment of possible future migration patterns into the EU, as currently carried out by the Centre of Expertise on Population and Migration (CEPAM) Project (collaboration between JRC and IIASA). The study also goes beyond the conventional population projections, which only consider age and sex structures, by taking a multi-dimensional approach through adding educational attainment for all countries and also labour force participation for EU member states. The definition of scenarios in this study follows the narratives of the SSPs (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways) which are widely used in the global change research community.
Praying interaction rituals: Prayer, ritual, and spiritual capital in a contemporary neo-Guru movement

In this article, I contribute to the development of the sociology of prayer focusing on the practice of bhaktiyoga, or yoga of devotion, within the largely influential, although substantially understudied, Mooji’s neo-Guru movement. Methodologically, I rely on the tools of reflexive sociology, autoethnography, and discourse analysis while theoretically I advance a preliminary theorization of praying interaction rituals through a coupled reading of Mauss’ early insights, Randal Collins’ Interaction Ritual Chain Theory (IRC), and the concept of spiritual capital. The article conceptualizes collective prayer as an interaction ritual chain through which the collective identity of the community is continuously reconstituted around shared rituals, and which is in turn aimed at the acquisition of spiritual capital, the most valued type of capital within Mooji’s community of devotees. Within this framework, prayer becomes essential also in the process of becoming a ‘good devotee’.
Meniscus force modeling and study on the fluctuation of stiction/friction force in CSS test process

This paper presents results of experimental investigations and explanations on the stiction modulation phenomena during the contact start stop (CSS) testing process. A new meniscus model is proposed which well account for the stiction modulation with the variation of lubricant thickness on slider. It is illustrated that the lubricant build-up on slider surface is of a relatively steady level of thickness. The depletion and re-distribution of the lubricant on slider may cause reversible high/low stiction.
The electrical characteristics of a 4H–silicon carbide metal–insulator–semiconductor structure with Al 2 O 3 as the gate dielectric

A 4H—silicon carbide metal—insulator—semiconductor structure with ultra-thin Al2O3 as the gate dielectric, deposited by atomic layer deposition on the epitaxial layer of a 4H—SiC (0001) 80N−/N+ substrate, has been fabricated. The experimental results indicate that the prepared ultra-thin Al2O3 gate dielectric exhibits good physical and electrical characteristics, including a high breakdown electrical field of 25 MV/cm, excellent interface properties (1×1014 cm−2) and low gate-leakage current (IG = 1 × 10−3 A/cm−2@Eox = 8 MV/cm). Analysis of the current conduction mechanism on the deposited Al2O3 gate dielectric was also systematically performed. The confirmed conduction mechanisms consisted of Fowler—Nordheim (FN) tunneling, the Frenkel—Poole mechanism, direct tunneling and Schottky emission, and the dominant current conduction mechanism depends on the applied electrical field. When the gate leakage current mechanism is dominated by FN tunneling, the barrier height of SiC/Al2O3 is 1.4 eV, which can meet the requirements of silicon carbide metal—insulator—semiconductor transistor devices.
YAP1 and P53 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Background & Objective: One of the most prevalent endocrine system cancers is papillary thyroid carcinoma, with complicated predisposing factors and pathogenesis. YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) is a well-known oncogene; its activity is increased in a variety of human malignancies and has recently been paid great attention. The present study examines YAP1 and P53 immunohistochemical expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma and investigates the association of their expression with the available clinicopathological risk factors to assess their possible prognostic role. Methods: The current study used paraffin blocks of 60 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma, which were immunohistochemically assessed for YAP1 and p53 expression. The study examined the association of their expression with clinicopathological characteristics. Results: YAP1 expression was observed in 70% of papillary thyroid carcinoma cases. A statistically significant relation was observed between YAP1 expression and tumor size, tumor stage, tumor focality, lymph node metastases, and extrathyroidal extension (P-values were =0.003, > 0.001, 0.037, 0.025, and 0.006), respectively. p53 expression was observed in 85% of papillary thyroid carcinoma cases. A statistically significant relation was observed between p53 expression and tumor size (P=0.001) and tumor stage (P>0.001). A statistically significant relation was noticed between YAP1 and P53 expression (P=0.009). Conclusion: YAP1 expression was found to be associated with many high-risk clinicopathological characteristics in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and with p53 expression; thus, it seems that YAP1 may have a specific impact on the patient's outcome.
ON DOUBLE-STAGE ESTIMATION OF THE MEAN USING PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

SUMMARY A double-sample procedure is considered for lowering the mean squared error for the estimator of the mean in a region R around a prior estimate 0o. The proposed two-stage scheme is as follows: we obtain a sample of size n1 and compute 01, the minimum variance unbiased estimator of 0. If 01 ? R, where R = [o - co-, so + co], we use a technique for shrinking 01 toward the initial estimate 0o. If O' I R, we take another sample of size n2, calculate 02, and then pool 01 and 02. Hence the double-stage shrinkage (DSS) estimator is given by
The longitudinal influence of cumulative risk: Is relationship education a resource?

Singular risk factors elicit negative relational outcomes for couples, yet the accumulation of risk factors can be especially detrimental to relationship functioning. Few studies, however, have explored the long-term effects of cumulative risk exposure on intimate relationships as well as examined whether relationship education (RE) protects couples from adverse effects of cumulative risk exposure. Accordingly, the present study examined the long-term association between cumulative risk and relationship satisfaction, potential interaction effects between cumulative risk and exposure to singular risks, and if RE protected couples from the effects of cumulative risk exposure. Participants included 6298 couples in the Supporting Healthy Marriages Project. Lagged regression analyses of the participants in the control condition who did not receive relationship education (n = 3160) indicated that men and women under greater cumulative risk exposure experienced greater decreases in relationship satisfaction 2.5 years later. The impact of singular risk factors on relationship satisfaction did not consistently differ as a function of cumulative risk exposure. A multi-group analysis indicated that RE did not protect against the adverse effect of cumulative risk on later relationship satisfaction. Results highlight the long-term detrimental consequences of cumulative risk exposure for relationship satisfaction. Future efforts to enhance relationship functioning may benefit from addressing the accumulation of factors that erode relationship functioning.
The Influence of Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, and Profitability on Tax Aggressiveness with Debt Levels as a Moderating Variable

This study's objective was to analyze the impact of capital intensity, inventory intensity, and profitability on tax aggressiveness, with debt level serving as a moderator. This study includes three independent factors, namely Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, and Profitability; one dependent variable, namely Tax Aggressiveness; and one moderating variable, namely Debt Level or Leverage. In this study, 17 firms out of a total observation of 45 companies with research objects on the LQ45 company index listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2017 to 2021 met the inclusion requirements. According to the findings of this study, capital intensity has a beneficial effect on tax aggression. The variable inventory intensity has no positive impact on tax aggression. The unpredictable profitability has a favorable impact on tax aggressiveness. The association between capital intensity and tax aggression cannot be moderated by the variable of leverage. The association between inventory intensity and tax aggression cannot be moderated by the variable of leverage. The variable of leverage moderates in a positive way the association between profitability and tax aggression. This research can also be used to encourage investors and shareholders to receive financial statement information offered by companies with greater care when making investment decisions. For companies to be able to determine positive policies that can maintain business continuity and can meet the expectations of shareholders will carry out tax aggressiveness.
Inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal anemia and low birth weight in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Inadequately diversified food consumption during pregnancy can lead to micronutrient deficiencies, which can affect maternal and newborn health outcomes. Previous studies on maternal dietary diversity have either been limited to a specific geographical region or consist entirely of systematic reviews, without meta‐analyses. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled estimate of the association between inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy, maternal anemia, and low birth weight in Africa. A systematic review of observational studies published between January 2000 and April 2022 was undertaken using the Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL databases. The PRISMA checklist was followed to present the results. Microsoft Excel was used to abstract the data. STATA version 17 was used to analyze the data, and a random‐effects meta‐analysis model was applied to compute the pooled estimates. The study was registered in PROSPERO with protocol number CRD42022320873. A total of 22 publications with 9,696 participants were included in the final meta‐analysis. The pooled adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for inadequate dietary diversity and maternal anemia was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.66–2.65), while that for low birth weight was 2.04 (95% CI, 1.46–2.63). The highest pooled estimate of maternal anemia was reported in Cameroon (AOR = 9.8, 95% CI: 1.68–17.92), followed by Ethiopia (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.95–3.25). Similarly, the pooled estimates of low birth weight were highest in Cameroon (AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.19–4.88) and Ethiopia (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.29–2.39). In Africa, pregnant mothers with inadequate dietary diversity are two times more likely to develop anemia and low birth weight. Social protection policies that prioritize pregnant women, maternal nutrition promotion in the community, and dietary counseling during antenatal care visits, using national food‐based dietary guidelines, should be strengthened.
Existence of tangent cones to plurisubharmonic currents

Given an integer 1 ≤ p ≤ n − 1, we consider a plurisubharmonic positive current T of bidimension (p, p) on an open subset of ℂ n containing the origin. The tangent cone to T at the origin, if it exists, is the weak limit of dilations of T by homotheties. Even when the tangent cone fails to exist, every weak limit at 0 of a subsequence of dilations of T is a positive, plurisubharmonic conical current on ℂ n with the same Lelong number at the origin as T. We give a sufficient condition, in terms of estimates of the mass of the trace measure, for the existence of the tangent cone.
Radiocarbon Production by the Gamma-Ray Component of Supernova Explosions

We selected SN1006, the brightest and closest to Earth of all supernovas historically observed, for a study of 14C production by e−,e+-bremsstrahlung cascades initiated by hard γ rays (>10 MeV) from that event. During the cascade, bremsstrahlung energies eventually fall within a giant (n,γ), (n,2γ) cross-section, peaking at 23 MeV and approaching effectively zero below 10 MeV and above 40 MeV. The neutrons are absorbed primarily in the reaction 14N(n,p)14C. Cellulose from single-year tree rings from ad 1003 to ad 1020 was measured to determine ∆14C. Three years after the first visual observation of SN1006, ∆14C rose and remained above pre-ad 1009 values until ad 1018. Comparison of the 7 years before ad 1009 with the 9 years following show an average increase of 6.1 ± 1.6 (s.d.)‰ (significant at the 99.6% confidence level). Such a pulse of 14C requires a total production of neutrons of 17.1 × 107n cm−2e, implying an input of 11.3 × 104 ergs cm−2e γ-ray energy. This requires the total supernova γ-ray energy (>10 MeV) to have been 1 × 1050 ergs.
Revisiting Premolars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis and Classifying Their Roots and Root Canal Morphology Using Newer Classification

Objective: The objective is to compare the internal morphology of premolars while applying the Vertucci and recent classification system for root canal variations in the Gujarat population using CBCT. Materials and methodology: A sample size of 537 CBCT images collected from various diagnostic centers in Gujarat was analyzed. The root canal morphology was then classified by using two methods - Ahmed et al. and Vertucci classification system. Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: All the premolars revealed a varied canal configuration. More than half of maxillary first and 42% of maxillary second premolars were double rooted. Vertucci type IV classification was the most common in first maxillary premolars and Type I and type IV were commonly seen in second premolars. According to the new system, the code 2N B1 P1 was commonly seen for first maxillary premolars. The majority of mandibular premolars were single rooted. Classification wise type I Vertucci and 1 N1 were the most common types observed. Conclusion: Premolars - both maxillary and mandibular - in this subpopulation had a wide range of root canal anatomical variations. Clinicians should be aware of this for a successful treatment outcome. The new system for classifying canal morphology describes the root and canal configurations in a more accurate and practical manner compared to the Vertucci classification and hence can be used routinely.
Mortality surrogates in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) with co-existent emphysema, termed combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) may be associated with reduced FVC decline compared to non-CPFE IPF patients. We examined associations between mortality and functional measures of disease progression in two IPF cohorts. Methods: Visual emphysema extent (CPFE:non-CPFE: derivation cohort=317:183; replication cohort=358:152), scored on computed tomography imaging subgrouped CPFE patients using either a) 10%, or b) 15% visual emphysema threshold, or c) an unsupervised machine learning model considering emphysema and ILD extents. Baseline characteristics, 1-year forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) decline (linear mixed effects models), and their associations with mortality (multivariable Cox regression models) were compared across CPFE and non-CPFE subgroups. Results: In both IPF cohorts, CPFE patients with >10% emphysema had a greater smoking history and lower baseline DLco compared to CPFE patients with <10% emphysema. Using multivariable Cox regression analyses in patients with >10% emphysema, 1-year DLco decline was a better indicator of mortality than 1-year FVC decline. Results were maintained in patients suitable for therapeutic IPF trials. Results were replicated in the >15% emphysema population and using unsupervised machine learning. Importantly, the unsupervised machine learning approach identified CPFE patients in whom FVC decline did not associate strongly with mortality. In non-CPFE IPF patients, 1-year FVC declines >5% and >10% showed comparable mortality associations. Conclusion: When assessing disease progression in IPF, DLco decline should be considered in patients with >10% emphysema and a >5% 1-year FVC decline threshold considered in non-CPFE IPF patients.
Neutrophil/Lymphocyte and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

Aim: This study aimed to investigate maternal hematological laboratory parameters of pregnancies complicated with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) compared to mothers of healthy-term infants (control group). Materials and methods: This case-control study included 158 mothers who were divided into PPROM (n=67) and control (n=91) groups, respectively. Laboratory parameters of platelet, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were recorded at the time of diagnosis for the PPROM group and at the time of hospital admission for birth for the control group. Results: NLR was significantly higher in the PPROM group than in the control group (p=0.001). The cutoff value of NLR to predict PPROM was 6.73 (AUC=0.671, 95% confidence interval=0.58-0.75, p=0.000). Conclusion: A cheap and routine NLR blood test can be used to predict PPROM before labor.
Effects of Global Mean Atmospheric Pressure Variations on Mean Sea Level Changes from TOPEX/Poseidon

Abstract The authors used meteorological pressure fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts to calculate a mean global pressure to serve as a reference for an improved inverse barometer correction of altimeter data. These global pressure fields, available every 6 h on a ½ degree grid, enabled the extraction of the dominant mean pressure signals. Then, the effect of an improved inverse barometer correction on TOPEX/Poseidon mean sea level variation was estimated. Different low-pass smoothings of global mean pressure were used with cutoff frequencies ranging from (40 to 2 days)−1. Best results were obtained with the (2 days)−1 cutoff frequency, which was then used for an improved inverse barometer correction. The improved correction reduces the standard deviation of mean sea level variations (relative to an annual cycle and slope) by more than 20% when compared with standard inverse barometer correction and no correction at all. It also slightly reduces the variance of sea surface h.
Constraining Stellar-mass Black Hole Mergers in AGN Disks Detectable with LIGO

Black hole (BH) mergers detectable with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) can occur in active galactic nucleus (AGN) disks. Here we parameterize the merger rates, the mass spectrum, and the spin spectrum of BHs in AGN disks. The predicted merger rate spans ∼10−3–104 Gpc−1 yr−1, so upper limits from LIGO (<212 Gpc−1 yr−1) already constrain it. The predicted mass spectrum has the form of a broken power law, consisting of a pre-existing BH power-law mass spectrum and a harder power-law mass spectrum resulting from mergers. The predicted spin spectrum is multipeaked with the evolution of retrograde spin BHs in the gas disk playing a key role. We outline the large uncertainties in each of these LIGO observables for this channel and we discuss ways in which they can be constrained in the future.
The novel left atrial appendage strain parameters are associated with thrombosis risk in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation

We sought to explore a novel left atrial appendage (LAA) strain parameter which could represent the cumulative adverse impact of chronic Atrial fibrillation (AF) on the LAA function, and the relationship between the LAA strain parameter and thrombosis risk in patients with non‐valvular AF.
On the 40-50 day Oscillations During the 1979 Northern Hemisphere Summer: Part II: Heat and Moisture Budget@@@第II部:熱と水蒸気の収支

In July 1979, large-scale apparent heat sources exceeded 2*C per day over the eastern Arabian Sea, the northern Bay of Bengal, the central South China Sea, and the equatorial Pacific near the dateline. These heating centers are embedded in the monsoon trough at 850mb and are in good agreement with regions of strong upward motions, apparent moisture sinks, and small outgoing longwave radiation values. In May, the moisture supply for the rainfall near the west coast of Burma and Malaysia comes primarily from the Bay of Bengal, not from the Southern Hemisphere. In midsummer (June to August), the cross-equatorial moisture flux off the east coast of Kenya is not large enough to maintain the rainfall over South and Southeast Asia. Thus, evaporation over the Arabian Sea constitutes the key contribution to the moisture supply for monsoon rains. The northward and eastward passage of 40-50 day perturbations is related to the phase changes between active and break monsoons over central South and Southeast Asia. When active monsoons begin, the large-scale apparent heat sources Q1 and moisture sinks Q2 become above normal over the Arabian Sea. About 5 to 7 days later, both Q1 and Q2 reach their maxima over the Bay of Bengal. This is followed by the intensification of Q1 and Q2 over the South China Sea region about 5 days later. Regions of above normal Q1 and Q2 also propagate northward across the monsoon region. Similarly, regions of break monsoons with below normal Q1 and Q2 propagate eastward and northward.
Relation of digital arterial dysfunction to alternative frequency weightings of hand-transmitted vibration

This study compared the relative performance of alternative frequency weightings of hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) to predict the extent of cold-induced vasoconstriction in the digital arteries of HTV workers. The cold response of digital arteries was related to measures of daily vibration exposure expressed in terms of r.m.s. acceleration magnitude normalised to an 8-h day, frequency weighted according to either the frequency weighting Wh defined in international standard ISO 5349-1:2001 (Ah(8) in ms−2 r.m.s.) or the hand-arm vascular frequency weighting Wp proposed in the ISO Technical Report 18570:2007 (Ap(8) in ms−2 r.m.s.). The measure of daily vibration exposure constructed with the frequency weighting Wp (Ap(8)) was a better predictor of the cold response of the digital arteries in the HTV workers than the metric derived from the conventional ISO frequency weighting Wh (Ah(8)). This finding suggests that a measure of daily vibration exposure constructed with the vascular weighting Wp, which gives more weight to intermediate- and high-frequency vibration (31.5−250 Hz), performed better for the prediction of cold induced digital arterial hyperresponsiveness than that obtained with the frequency weighting Wh recommended in ISO 5349-1 which gives more importance to lower frequency vibration (≤16 Hz).