Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study of the effect of caudal epidural neostigmine for post operative pain relief in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery

Introduction and Objective: Providing adequate pain relief has always been part of anaesthesiologist’s role in the perioperative period beyond post anaesthesia care unit. Among the many adjuvants studied neostigmine was also found to be effective in acute post-operative and chronic pain. We have studied the analgesic efficacy of caudal bupivacaine with and without neostigmine in children. Materials and Method: In this randomized double blind study, sixty children belonging to ASA I and II, aged 2-8 years undergoing lower abdominal surgeries were randomly allocated into two groups to receive a caudal injection of 0.25% bupivacaine alone or a mixture of 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5ml/kg with 2μg/kg neostigmine. Monitoring of scores for pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting was performed by an Anaesthesiologist blinded to the study allocations. Results: Time to the first analgesic administration of syrup Paracetamol was longer (P<0.05) with mean duration of analgesia of 14.6 hrs in the bupivacaine-neostigmine than in the bupivacaine only group with a mean duration of 4.3 hrs. Side effect such as emesis was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Caudal co-administration of bupivacaine with neostigmine produces significant prolongation of the duration of postoperative analgesia when compared to caudal bupivacaine alone.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Stunting Among Children Aged Six Month - Five Year in Ataye Town, Northeast Ethiopia

Adequate nutrition is vital to children’s growth and development. Globally, about 155 million children were stunted. In Ethiopia, about half of child’s mortality was related to malnutrition. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting among children aged six month- five year in Ataye town, Northeast Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 children from March to April, 2018. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire and measurement was used to collect the data. Multivariate logistic analysis was used and variables with a P-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Overall, nearly half of children (48.4%) were stunted. Children with age group of 25-59 months (AOR= 1.9, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.23), being male (AOR=1.7,95% CI: 1.03, 2.89), non-exclusive breast feeding (AOR= 1.9,95% CI: 1.03, 3.51), maternal illiteracy (AOR= 2.4, 95% CI: 1.005-6.08), and getting monthly income of less than 500 Ethiopian birr (AOR= 3.2, 95% CI: 1.76-6.01) had statistically significant association with stunting. In Ataye town, the burden of stunting was significantly higher than the overall prevalence of stunting in Ethiopia as well as in Amhara region and it is continued as a major public health problem in Amhara region. Children aged between 2-5 years old, being male, non-exclusive breast feeding practice, maternal illiteracy, and low monthly income were independent predictors of stunting. Thus, this study underlines the need for increasing the awareness of mothers/caregivers about child feeding and the necessity of exclusive breast feeding in the first six months of life. Moreover, it requires collaborative activity from national and regional health office to reduce the burden of stunting.
Extract of the Punica granatum Flowers Attenuates Progression of Hepatoxicity against Cadmium Chloride-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Background: In the present study, we investigated the role of cadmium in acute liver injury, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods: On the other hand, we investigated whether Punica granatum flower extract (PG) has a healing effect on CD-induced liver damage. Control groups (G1-G2) received water and 200 mg/kg PG, respectively. Toxicity groups (G3-G6) received 2 different doses of Cd (15-30 mg/kg b.w) orally in a single administration. To evaluate liver function, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were detected in the serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were established in the liver and 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were determined for the antioxidative and anti inflammatory effects of PG. Tissue sections were also evaluated histopathologically. Results: We found that Cd exposure decreased levels of SOD, GPx and, increased expression of caspase-3 and levels of TBARS and 8-OHdG. Biochemical and histopathological analysis revealed the toxic effects of cadmium on the liver for the rats in oral acute toxicity study. Functional parameters were significantly improved in PG-treated groups and the severity of the liver injury and apoptosis were significantly decreased in this group. Conclusion: As a result, PG can be consumed as a protective agent against acute liver injuries.
Subjective Perceptions of Economic Inequality in Argentina

This publication was sponsored by the Secretaria de Estado de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion of the San Juan Government, Argentina. Abstract In Argentina, inequality and poverty have reached alarming levels. However, societies that register high indexes of inequality do not necessarily present strong demands for a fairer society. According to studies in Psychology, social demands are conditioned more often by the perception of inequality than by real inequality. Furthermore, there are important variations in the perception of inequality among different population sectors. The current research intends to identify how variables, such as sex, age, educational level, objective status and subjective status, are associated with variations in the perception of inequality. It is a quantitative correlational study, whose sample consisted of 400 adults from Argentina, aged between 18 and 74 years ( M = 38.57, SD = 13.072). Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire regarding inequality. The results indicate that people perceive lower economic inequality than that registered by national statistics and this underestimation is conditioned by and associated with sociodemographic variables. Perceptual biases are higher when income and educational levels are lower. In addition, women perceive inequality more than men do. However, no variations in the perception of inequality were found according to the age of the respondents. The implications of this research and its contribution to promoting the study of inequality are discussed. Keywords: perceptual biases - economic inequality - sociodemographic variables - subjective status DOI : 10.7176/DCS/9-5-05 Publication date :May 31 st 2019
Elaboration of Different Pore Blocking Model for Phenol Removal using Disk Shaped Ceramic Membrane

24 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. Retrieval Number: E5388067518 Abstract: Membrane fouling is mainly associated with the deposition of solute molecules on the membrane surface. The performance of a given membrane is found to be degraded due to membrane fouling and hence it results into a significant decline in the permeate flux. Therefore it is very necessary to interpret the fouling mechanism in order to predict the profile of permeate flux. The present study illustrates the mechanism of membrane fouling through describing four pore blocking models such as complete pore blocking, standard pore blocking, intemediate pore blocking and cake filtration. The model parameters were also evaluated at varying trans-membrane pressures ranging from 196 to 392 kPa. The accuracy of the fitted model was further judged in terms of higher value of regression coefficient (R) and here also it is confirmed from Table 1 that cake filtration model exhibits higher values of R (≈ 0.98). The degree of membrane fouling was indicated by model parameter k. The values of permeate fluxes calculated from different models are found to be less than the experimental values of the permeate flux indicating the under prediction of flux profile.
The Effect of Chicken Manure and Corn Cob Biochar on Soil Fertility and Crop Yield on Intercropping Planting Pattern of Cassava and Corn

The production of cassava in Indonesia still has not reached its maximum level for its cultivation has not received priority handling yet. Cassava cultivation can be done by monoculture or using intercropping pattern combined with corn applied both on dry land and on critical land. Actually, the potential of production of cassava is still high because cassava is easy to plant in any land condition. However, the development of cassava cultivation still encountered many obstacles one of which is there is an assumption that the cultivation of cassava accelerates the degradation of soil and land. In addition, some people assume that high cassava production depletes nutrient needs in the soil, thus reducing soil health [1]. Soil quality factor becomes an important aspect in maintaining the quality of soil fertility, including soil organic matter content, which is characterized by soil nutrient retention. Soil organic matter greatly determines soil fertility and is very important in affecting the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil [2]. The addition of biochar from various types of materials has been practiced in increasing soil fertility for a long time [3]. Some facts on biochar research show that there are organic amendments contained in the soil for a longer time compared to other organic fertilizers and it will increase soil carbon uptake. The research results [4-6]. show that an organic Abstract
Only low intensity of aerobic exercise improves respiratory compliance in pulmonary hypertensive rats

Abbreviations: PH: Pulmonary Hypertension; ET: Exercise Training; RV: Right Ventricular; RVSP: Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure; RVDP: Right Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure; CO: Control Healthy Sedentary Group; PH-S: Pulmonary Hypertension Sedentary Rats; PH-L: Pulmonary Hypertension Low Intensity Exercise Training; PH-M: Pulmonary Hypertension Moderate Intensity Exercise Training; MCT: Monocrotaline; Est: Quasi-static elastance; Cst: Quasi-static compliance
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM AGAINST URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSING PATHOGENS

The main objective of the present study is to investigate antibacterial activity of a probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum against urinary tract infection causing pathogens. The proteinaceous substance produced by the probiotic strain is highly effective against all the urinary tract infecting pathogens used in the study. The cell free supernatant of the L.plantarum bacteria is able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The recorded inhibitory zone was ranged from 16 mm to 26 mm against urinary tract infecting pathogens. Results from this study concluded that the compound bacteriocin produced by L. plantarum have the potential to inhibit urinary tract infecting pathogens.
Region of Interest Extraction based on Hybrid Salient Detection for Remote Sensing Image

: Remote sensing images have huge amount of information in it due to use of high resolution cameras and sensors. Region of interest (ROI) is defined as the regions which draw the attention of viewer at first sight and they are the focal point of the image. ROI selection in remote sensing images allows the viewer to search for specific objects in the region. Traditional approaches for ROI selection are computationally complex and inaccurate. In this work, a hybrid approach which combines the best of frequency domain analysis and Super pixel based spatially weighted intensity contrasting is proposed for selecting the ROI in remote sensing images. Compared to previous methods the proposed hybrid ROI selection is able to extract the ROI accurately.
Advances in Pharmacology and Clinical Trials

An emerging word in biomedical research nowadays is the “translational research”. Basically, “translating” current knowledge from basic science to approaches for treating human disease from bench to bedside is the main concept. Our discovery entitled “calcium paradox” fits properly in this main concept. The enigma of the “calcium paradox” initiated with experiments performed in a classical study model of the neurotransmission (rodent vas deferens). Using this model, some studies performed since 1975 reported that reduction of Ca2+ entry by low concentrations of Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs: verapamil, diltiazem or nifedipine) produced a paradoxical increase of the contractions mediated by sympathetic nerves, a phenomenon entitled as “calcium paradox”. Recent studies using adrenal chromaffin cells have also demonstrated that nifedipine caused a paradoxical increase of the catecholamine release. Because these compounds are blocking the L-type voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (VACCs), augmented nerve-mediated response due to increase of neurotransmitter release was an unexpected outcome. In 2013, we revealed that the Ca2+/cAMP signalling interaction (Ca2+/cAMP interaction) could properly explain the so-called “calcium paradox”. The original paper published by us in Cell Calcium (2013) has appeared four times in ScienceDirect TOP 25 Hottest Articles lists. In conclusion, these findings may dramatically impact in hypertension, neurological/psychiatric diseases, cancer and many other diseases, stimulating the development of new drugs for the pharmacotherapy of these diseases.
EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS CONSIDERING LOAD IMBALANCE OF SERVICE REPLICATION FOR DISTRIBUTED MOBILE AGENT SYSTEMS

To enhance scalability of replicated services a large number of mobile agents attempt to access in mobile agent systems, we present a new strategy to apply an appropriate passive replication mechanism to each replicated service according to its execution behavior because deterministic services require weaker constraints to ensure their consistency than non-deterministic ones. For this goal, two passive replication mechanisms are proposed for non-deterministic services and for deterministic services respectively. They both allow visiting mobile agents to be forwarded to and execute on any node performing a service agent, not necessarily the primary agent. Especially, in case of the mechanism for deterministic services, after a backup service agent has received a mobile agent request and obtained the delivery sequence number of the request from the primary service agent, the backup agent, not the primary one, is responsible for processing the request and coordinating with the other replica service agents.
Effect of Putrescine and Uniconazole on Some Flowering Characteristics, and Some Chemical Constituents of Salvia Splendens F. Plant

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of using putrescine at the levels of 50, 100 and 150 ppm, uniconazole at the levels of 10, 15 and 20 ppm and their interaction in addition to the control (distilled water) on flowering and chemical composition of Salvia splendens F. plant during 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. Foliar application of putrescine significantly increased spikes part length, fresh and dry weight of spikes, photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanin, total carbohydrates and mineral content. The best results, in most of these characters, were found when plants treated with 150 ppm putrescine. On the other hand, uniconazole treatments decreased spikes part length as compared with control plant, while other characters were increased by the treatments. The best results were found when plants treated with 10 ppm chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanin content and magnesium content, the best results were found with 20 ppm, while 15 ppm uniconazole gave the best results in total carotenoids. For the interaction between the two bioregulators, it's found that the combination between putrescine at 150 ppm and uniconazole at 10 ppm gave the best results in the most of taken characters.
Intellectual Capital Efficiency Impact on European Small and Large Listed Banks Financial Performance

The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of intellectual capital efficiency impact on the European listed banks performance. In this paper concept of intellectual capital and its components is analyzed and empirical research is performed testing the impact of intellectual capital efficiency on European small and large listed banks financial performance. Data of the research cover period from 2005 -2014. Intellectual capital efficiency impact on banks financial performance is measured for the sample of 118 (52 small and 66 large banks) listed European banks according to their value of total assets. The intellectual capital is calculated by using Value Added Intellectual Capital Coefficient (VAIC) method. For measuring banks financial performance banks profitability, productivity and risk ratios are used. Results of the research support hypothesis that banks intellectual capital has an impact on the financial performance and differences are evident in large and small European listed banks. Authors conclude that intellectual capital had negative impact on large banks financial performance after the financial crisis and negative impact on small banks financial performance before the financial crisis.
If the audit committee speaks, does the board listen?

Following a series of accounting scandals, regulators have strengthened the compositional requirements of the audit committee. The SOX requirements have made the audit committee into a strong subgroup within the board, as the audit committee significantly differs from the rest of the board in terms of its composition. We investigate whether the benefit of a distinct audit committee depends on the acceptance of the audit committee’s message by the rest of the board. Using a large dataset of listed U.S. firms between 2008 and 2012, we find audit committee effectiveness to benefit from this distinct and strong subgroup identity, measured as the extent to which the composition of the audit committee differs from the rest of the board. However, we also find consistent evidence that the benefit is diminished when the rest of the board forms a cohesive group, as this instigates frictions between both board subgroups, i.e. the audit committee and the rest of the board. As both subgroups strive, the rest of the board may counteract audit committee decisions, lowering audit committee effectiveness. Understanding how the audit committee’s effectiveness is dependent on its position versus the rest of the board should be of interest to regulators and companies alike.
Implementation of Operational Assistance Policy in Madrasah (Case Study of the Implementation School Operational Assistance Policy Management in Improving Madrasah Quality in East Java)

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the School Operational Assistance policy, find out the supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing School Operational Assistance policies in madrasas, and find a model of implementing management policies in improving the quality of madrasas in the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of East Java.This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Researchers describe, analyze and interpret policies to improve the quality of madrasa education. The subjects of this study are; (1) Regional Office of Ministry of Religion of East Java, (2) Head of Madrasah Education Head of Regional Office of Ministry of Religion of East Java, (3) Head of Madrasah Education Section of Sidoarjo Regency, and (4) Head of Madrasah recipient of School Operational Assistance. Data collection using in-depth interviews and observation methods. The data analysis technique used in this study was inductive using phenomenological procedures.The results of this study indicate, the implementation of the School Operational Assistance policy in madrasas is carried out to improve access, quality, equity and quality of madrasa education. The existence of the program received support and positive responses from the madrasa management. Factors supporting the implementation of the policy are guidelines and technical guidelines, preparation of Madrasah Work Plans (RKM), assistance to madrassas, and higher public awareness. Community awareness factor in becoming the main supporting factor in implementation. The madrasah education quality development model is carried out with a variety of programs and activities whose budgets are taken from the School Operational Assistance funds. Many madrasa managers utilize School Operational Assistance funds to improve the quality and quality of education by strengthening the competence of teaching staff, improving facilities and infrastructure, strengthening graduation standards, and increasing the availability of reference access, whether in the form of books, magazines, scientific journals, and other sources learning can be used.
VANCOMYCIN RESISTANCE IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS CLINICAL ISOLATES

Minimum inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin to thirty Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates were determined . The results revealed that (12) S.epidermidis isolates ( 40 %) were vancomycin resistant, the MIC of them were between 256 μg\ml and 32 μg\ml , (4) S.epidermidis isolates (13.3%) were intermediate resistance , the MIC to 3 of them were 16 μg\ml and the last was 8 μg\ml. The isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in monoplex pattern to amplify resistant incoding the vanA and vanB genes. The results by this study showed that 12 (40%) S. epidermidis isolates gave the implicone size (1030 base pair) of the vanA gene. However the results of MIC and PCR were similar but no any isolates gave product for presence of vanB gene.
NONTHERMAL EFFECTS OF MOBILE PHONE RADIATIONS ON HUMAN HEART RATE, BLOOD PRESSURE, AND SUGAR LEVEL

Objective: A single-blinded pilot study has been conducted to investigate the effect of cell phone radiation on the human heart. Methods: Experimental work has been conducted in Jalandhar-based hospital under the supervision of a cardiologist. During experimental work, electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure (BP) level, and sugar level have been examined before and after cell phone radiation exposure. For ECG analysis, the parameters such as heart rate, rhythm, mechanism, axis, P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and QT interval have been examined in the study. Results: No significant variations in the results of above-mentioned parameter has been observed before and after acute exposure of cell phones radiations by placing cell phone closer to heart. Conclusion: The result of this study concludes that mobile phone radiations do not interfere with any electrical activity of the human heart, BP, and sugar level in healthy individuals.
Toward Better Medical Diagnosis: Tissue Optical Clearing

Reaching efficient, safe and painless medical diagnosis procedure is a very valued goal for many research areas. Despite the great advantages of using optical imaging techniques in medical diagnosis including high safety and relative simplicity, it still suffers from relatively low resolution and penetration depth in the multiple scattering mediums such as biological tissues. Therefore, researchers began to devise ways to reduce the scattering properties of the tissue, hence increasing the imaging contrast. Optical clearing concept is introduced to do this job. This technique can reduce tissues scattering properties by using high refractive index chemicals, thus making the tissue transparent by equalizing the refractive index through that medium. In this paper, theory and techniques of optical clearing method are illustrated utilizing its benefits for deep imaging of different body tissues and organs.