Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Particle Characterization and Settling Velocities for a Water Supply Reservoir during a Turbidity Event

Characterization of the particle population for a location in a water supply reservoir, Kensico Reservoir, N.Y. , is documented for a high turbidity event, from its onset, through alum treatment and its waning. Supporting in situ measurements included the beam attenuation coefficient at 670 nm ( c670 ) and 660 nm ( c660 ) [surrogates of turbidity ( Tn ) ], particle concentrations (N) and size distributions (PSDs), and size class specific settling velocities (SVs). Laboratory measurements included chemical and morphometric analyses of individual particles, and routine measurements of Tn . The turbidity is shown to be primarily derived from clay minerals, mostly in the size range of 1.5–6 μm . An initial high c670 level (40 m−1 ; Tn ∼100 NTU) decreased sevenfold in less than 1 week in response to alum treatment that largely eliminated the particle size classes responsible for the elevated turbidity. Successful SV experiments, made using a laser in situ scattering and transmissometry (LISST) instrument, for s.
Cardiopulmonary Responses of Intratracheally Instilled Tire Particles and Constituent Metal Components

Tire and brake wear particles contain transition metals, and contribute to near-road PM. We hypothesized that acute cardiopulmonary injury from respirable tire particles (TP) will depend on the amount of soluble metals. Respirable fractions of two types of TP (TP1 and TP2) were analyzed for water and acid-leachable metals using ICP-AES. Both TP types contained a variety of transition metals, including zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), aluminum, and iron. Zn and Cu were detected at high levels in water-soluble fractions (TP2 > TP1). Male Wistar Kyoto rats (12–14 wk) were intratracheally instilled, in the first study, with saline, TP1 or TP2 (5 mg/kg), and in the second study, with soluble Zn, Cu (0.5 μ mol/kg), or both. Pulmonary toxicity and cardiac mitochondrial enzymes were analyzed 1 d, 1 wk, or 4 wk later for TP and 4 or 24 h later for metals. Increases in lavage fluid markers of inflammation and injury were observed at d 1 (TP2 > TP1), but these changes reversed by wk 1. No effects on cardiac enzymes were noted with either TP. Exposure of rats to soluble Zn and Cu caused marked pulmonary inflammation and injury but temporal differences were apparent (Cu effects peaked at 4 h and Zn at 24 h). Instillation of Zn, Cu, and Zn+ Cu decreased the activity of cardiac aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome-c-oxidase and superoxide dismutase suggesting mitochondrial oxidative stress. The observed acute pulmonary toxicity of TP could be due to the presence of water soluble Zn and Cu. At high concentrations these metals may induce cardiac oxidative stress.
Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan dengan Kepuasan Pasien di Ruangan IGD RSUD Dr. Slamet Garut

he level of satisfaction of patients in the ward emergency department Dr Slamet Garut Hospital in health services describes the quality of service in the place of health care. The objective of this Telaahan study is to know the relationship of nursing services with patient satisfaction in the room IGD RSU Dr. Slamet Garut. As for method, it used a descriptive correlational, with a accidental samplingtechnique, the number of samples 67 respondents, the data retrieval technique was carried out using questionnaires. The results showed that (56.7%) Respondents expressed poor nursing service and (86.8%) feel dissatisfied about the nursing service in the IGD room RSU Dr. Slamet Garut. This is because the waiting time and the nurse response is slow in providing service. Nursing services can be improved when supported by competent nursing resources, facilities and infrastructure that support and more quickly in conducting nursing actions.
Ab Initio Study of the Torsional Spectrum of Glycolaldehyde

The torsional spectrum of glycolaldehyde (COH−CH2OH) is predicted from MP4(SDTQ)/cc-pVQZ ab initio calculations. This monosaccharide of astrophysical interest shows two large amplitude vibrations that confer nonrigid properties: the central bond torsion and the OH torsion. It presents five stable conformers, three of Cs symmetry (I-cis, II-trans, and IV-cis) and a double minimum of C1 symmetry (III-trans and III‘-trans). The favorite geometry, I-cis, stabilizes by the formation of a hydrogen bond connecting the eclipsed oxygen atoms. The relative energies of the secondary minima are 1278.2 (II-trans), 1297.2 (III and III‘-trans) and 1865.2 cm-1 (IV-cis). A barrier of 1895 cm-1 hinders the cis → trans interconversion. The barriers for the OH torsion are 2040 (cis) and 191 and 713 cm-1 (trans). The torsional energy levels have been calculated variationally up to J = 6 using a flexible model in two dimensions. Far-infrared frequencies and intensities have been determined at room temperature. In addition, th.
Protein Energy Wasting in a Sample of Egyptian Children on Regular Hemodialysis: Relation to Anorexigenic Hormones

BACKGROUND: Increased incidence of pediatric end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with associated serious consequences indicating a major public health problem. Malnutrition and uremic wasting are leading causes of growth impairment and increasing morbidity and mortality of pediatric ESRD patients, predominantly those on regular hemodialysis (HD). Ghrelin and obestatin, which are known appetite regulatory hormones, might have a pivotal role in uremic wasting and growth impairment in hemodialyzed children. AIM: The aim of the present study was to measure serum unacylated ghrelin (UAG) and obestatin and to investigate their roles in the growth impairment of Egyptian hemodialyzed children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 50 hemodialyzed and 40 healthy children recruited from the Department of Nephrology, Pediatric Hospital, Ain Shams University. Full clinical examination and measurement of anthropometric indices were done. Routine labs were done as well, with an assessment of serum levels of obestatin, UAG, and insulin by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, we determined fasting serum glucose and lipid profile with the calculation of homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: Anthropometric measurements were statistically significantly decreased in the hemodialyzed group than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Weight z-score was the most affected anthropometric parameter (37 patients = 74% with underweight and 13 patients = 26% with normal weight). The hemodialyzed children showed a significant increase of UAG, obestatin, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, and TG, while a significant decrease of HDL-cholesterol and albumin (p < 0.01). UAG had a negative correlation with Wt-z score, Ht z-score, fat mass %, albumin, and TG while obestatin was inversely correlated to Wt-z score, BMI z-score, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio (W/H). CONCLUSION: UAG and obestatin hormones were elevated in a group of Egyptian children on regular HD. These hormones were strongly related to the impairment of renal functions, and anthropometric parameters, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, and insulin resistance in these pediatric hemodialyzed patients.
Analyzing the Participation Factorsof Local Labour in the Malaysian Construction Industry

The dependency of the Malaysian construction industry on foreign workers affected the productivity of the industry. Sustainable supply of sufficient talent is required in order for Malaysia to support the aim that had been targeted under CITP, where productivity is one of the thrusts in the transformation program for the industry. However, the hardship in the recruitment of local talent has worsened the scenario and caused the industry player to prefer hiring foreign workers compared to local labour. Thus, the aim of the study is to analyse the participation factorsof local labour in the Malaysian construction industry. This paper presents a survey result of 45 respondents which involves the industry player around Petaling District in Selangor. The findings from this research summarise the participation factorof local labour in the Malaysian construction industry. It is hoped that the findings of this study may assist in stimulating the number of local labours in the construction industry through better productivity among the construction stakeholders especially the contractors in conjunction with the CITP strategic thrust
Are Critical Audit Matters Informative?

Breaking from a long stretch of using largely standard language in unqualified audit opinions, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) expanded audit reports to disclose Critical Audit Matters (CAMs) and the audit procedures used to address them. The first wave of CAM disclosures began for large accelerated filers after June 2019, with most disclosures occurring in February 2020. Using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, this study examines the types of CAMs disclosed by auditors and the typical audit procedures used to address them. We then explore whether CAMs are informative to investors and security analysts. Our findings are consistent with greater amounts of CAM disclosures as indicators of greater uncertainty. We document that market reactions are more negative for firms with more CAM disclosures; analysts reduce their earnings forecasts to a larger extent for such firms; stock prices become more volatile; and the dispersion of analyst forecasts are greater for firms with more CAM disclosures. We further find that many issues related to CAMs are raised in earnings conference calls with analysts during the immediately subsequent quarter. While these findings indicate that CAMs are informative to investors and analysts, their effects are concentrated around the time of disclosure. We do not find evidence of a drift in returns after the initial disclosures.
Analysis of Mass Loading Effect on Guided Shear Horizontal Surface Acoustic Wave on Liquid/Au/Quartz Structure for Biosensor Application

A numerical analysis of a shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) immunoassay biosensor has been investigated. The numerical calculation method proposed by Campbell and Jones has generally been used to calculate SAW propagation characteristics. In this paper, a numerical calculation method for SH-SAW propagation characteristics, which is a modified method of Campbell and Jones involving the effect of liquid viscosity is applied to quartz. A mass loading sensitivity of a 250 MHz SH-SAW delay-line biosensor was calculated and compared with the experimental results. It can be concluded from the results that viscosity sensitivity is dominant over mass loading sensitivity for 250 MHz SH-SAW biosensors.
Institutional Debtholder Governance

Abstract Using data on the universe of U.S. based mutual funds, we find that two out of five fund families hold corporate bonds of firms in which they also own an equity stake. We show that the greater the fraction of debt a fund family holds in a given firm, the greater its propensity to vote in line with the interests of firm debtholders at shareholder meetings, even when against Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) recommendation. Voting has direct policy consequences as firms that receive more votes in favor of creditors make corporate decisions more in line with the interests of debtholders.
Language Assessment in Higher Education: Challenges and Consequences

Several research studies have reported that assessment at higher education institutions for English language courses in Pakistan are deficient. However, they have not addressed the challenges causing these weaknesses. The current study, therefore, is an attempt to gain insight into the reasons of and the resulting consequences of these unsatisfactory assessment practices. The study employed qualitative approach to explore the challenges in the language assessment and the ensuing consequences. Thirty teachers were selected from public and private universities as the sample using purposive sampling. The data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews and examination papers. The findings reveal hat language teachers come across several challenges in assessment. There are various factors that lead to these challenges such as practicality, learners, test design, administrative obligations and teachers themselves. Although, the teachers employ several strategies to cope with the challenges, they have an adverse impact on language assessment practices in terms of selective skills and sub skills as well as limited choice of test tasks. Assessment has a strong impact on language teaching and learning and the challenges in assessment hamper the language teachers from designing useful assessment. Therefore, by addressing the potential barriers, language assessment practices can be reshaped in a way that they are conducive to language learning and teaching. The results also emphasize the need to enhance language teachers’ assessment literacy through training and professional development programs.
Urinary tract abnormalities in children with first urinary tract infection

Background: Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major health-care issue. UTI may be a harbinger of variety of underlying urinary tract abnormalities. The long-term complications of recurrent UTI are kidney scarring, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Aim: The present study aims to determine the prevalence of urinary tract abnormalities in children with first episode of UTI. Materials and Methods: This study was a hospital-based prospective observational study carried out in the department of pediatrics over a period of 15 months from January 2015 to March 2016. A total of 100 children with culture-positive first UTI who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen, micturating cystourethrography (MCU), and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) kidney scan were done. Results: Among 100 children with culture-proven UTI, USG was abnormal in 16% with the majority (31.7%) having hydroureteronephrosis. MCU was abnormal in 14% and DMSA in 13%. About 9% had kidney scarring. Overall prevalence of urinary tract abnormalities was 14%. About 42.8% of urinary tract abnormalities were detected in children between 1 and 5 years and 35.7% below 1 year. Vesicoureteral reflux was the most common abnormality (8.0%). Conclusion: UTI in young children serves as marker for abnormalities of the urinary tract. Early diagnosis is of considerable significance to preserve kidney function and prevent complications.
The reaction kinetics of dimethyl ether. II: Low‐temperature oxidation in flow reactors

Dimethyl ether oxidation has been studied in a variable-pressure flow reactor over an initial reactor temperature range of 550–850 K, in the pressure range 12–18 atm, at equivalence ratios of 0.7 ≤ ϕ ≤ 4.2, with nitrogen diluent of approximately 98.5%. On-line extraction sampling in conjunction with FTIR, NDIR (for CO and CO2), and electrochemical (for O2) analyses were performed to quantify species at specific locations along the axis of the turbulent flow reactor. Product species concentrations were correlated against residence time (at constant inlet temperature) and against temperature (at fixed mean residence time) in the reactor. Formic acid was observed as a major intermediate of dimethyl ether oxidation at low temperatures. The experimental species-evolution profiles were compared to the predictions of a previously published detailed kinetic mechanism [1]. This mechanism did not predict the formation of formic acid. In the current study we have included chemistry leading to formic acid formation (and oxidation). This new chemistry is discussed and is able to reproduce the experimental observations with good accuracy. In addition, this model is able to reproduce low-temperature kinetic data obtained in a jet-stirred reactor [2] and the shock-tube results of Pfahl et al. [3] © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 32: 741–759, 2000
What's in a Greenium: An Analysis of Pricing Methodologies and Discourse in the Green Bond Market

Whether green bonds deliver a cheaper cost of capital to issuers than vanilla bonds has been a contentious issue since the start of the green bond market. In the market’s early days anecdotal statements from green bond issuers that their bonds were being oversubscribed, resulting in a pricing difference against equivalent vanilla bonds, led market participants to argue that green bonds provide a cheaper cost of capital. However, this anecdotal evidence was unverifiable until the market matured to a size sufficiently large enough to provide comparable bonds for analysis. The existence of a “greenium,” a green bond premium over equivalent vanilla bonds, became a key research point for green bond analysts as the market matured. This analysis spread to sustainable finance research centers and bond trading desks and has now become a mainstay topic of green bond conferences and market events. Within academic circles, numerous papers have recently focused on looking directly at pricing differences in the U.S. green municipal-bond market. However, these discussions have yet to provide conclusive evidence for or against the presence of a substantial greenium. The academic debate remains focused on refining a standard methodological approach by which to detect any greenium. Developments such as the green halo effect, which blurs the added value of green bonds for issuers by blending it with the issuer’s vanilla bonds, also make the academic search for a greenium insubstantial in relation to the green bond market’s overall dynamics. Drawing from the social sciences of finance, this paper contextualizes green bond pricing research by examining recent greenium discussions and the role of the Climate Bonds Initiative (Climate Bonds) in these discussions. We reflect on the beginning of the first green bond pricing research at Climate Bonds and analyze how these early conversations have evolved among both academics and market participants. Drawing from literature review, quantitative pricing data, and qualitative data from semi structured interviews with market participants, we argue that the iterative nature of pricing discussions is a result of both pricing methodologies and market growth dynamics.
Investigation on the adsorption properties of Cr(VI) ions on a novel graphene oxide (GO) based composite adsorbent

In this study, we prepare a polyethyleneimine (PEI) and graphene oxide (GO) composite adsorbent through an amidation reaction between the amine groups of the PEI and the carboxyl groups of the GO. Adsorption performance of the PEI–GO was tested by removing Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution. The physico-chemical properties of the GO, pristine and Cr(VI) ions-loaded PEI–GO were investigated by FT-IR, SEM-EDX and XPS methods. To investigate the adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI) ions onto this newly developed PEI–GO, we performed a batch of experiments under different adsorption conditions: content of the PEI in the PEI–GO, solution pH, initial Cr(VI) ion concentration, adsorption temperature and contact time. The prepared PEI–GO exhibited an encouraging uptake capacity of 539.53 mg g−1. The adsorption process was fast, within the first 1 h, Cr(VI) ion adsorption onto the PEI–GO was about 71%, and the adsorption equilibrium could be obtained within 14 h. Kinetics experiments indicated that the adsorption process could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, our adsorption equilibrium data fit the Langmuir isotherms well (R2 > 0.99). The removal mechanism of Cr(VI) ions from the solution consists of two steps: (1) Cr(VI) ions bind to the 4PEI–GO composite by electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged Cr(VI) ion species and the protonated amine groups of the 4PEI–GO; and (2) a few Cr(VI) ions were reduced to Cr(III) ions with the assistance of π electrons on the carbocyclic six-membered ring of the 4PEI–GO and then bind on the 4PEI–GO by the electrostatic attraction between Cr(III) ions and negatively charged groups (COO−) of the 4PEI–GO. Based on the results obtained in this work, it can be concluded that the prepared PEI–GO can be an effective and potential adsorbent for removing Cr(VI) ions from an aqueous solution.
The Stability and Stiffness Analysis of a Dual-Triangle Planar Rotation Mechanism

The paper deals with the stiffness analysis and stability study of equilibrium configurations for dual-triangle tensegrity mechanism, which is actuated by adjusting elastic connections between the triangle edges. For this mechanism, the torque-deflection relation was obtained as a function of control inputs and geometric parameters. It was proved that the mechanism can has either a single or three equilibrium configurations that can be both stable and unstable. Corresponding conditions of stability were found allowing user to choose control inputs ensuring the mechanism controllability. The obtained results are confirmed by the simulation examples presented in the paper.
Response of Leaf Parameters to Soil Applications of Iron‐EDDHA Chelates in a Peach Orchard Affected by Iron Chlorosis

Abstract Knowledge of iron (Fe) deficiency parameters implied in diagnosis is fundamental to establish the effectiveness of applied amendments. In the present work, the effects on different plant parameters of three doses (10, 20, and 40 g/tree) of two commercial brand Fe‐EDDHA chelates (Ferrishell plus and Group Carla Val F.E.A 6 Superior) were analyzed in a peach orchard affected by iron chlorosis. The treatments were applied into soil by injection at the beginning of June. Fe‐EDDHA application produced a minimum increment of 25% leaf surface and an 8% increment in foliar fresh weight. The lowest dose affected chlorophyll content significantly, producing an increase of 21% in relation to the control, whereas higher doses did not significantly increase the chlorophyll content. Active Fe in leaves augmented as the dose was increased, but total Fe in leaves only increased after applying greater doses of chelate, showing that active Fe is a more sensitive parameter to plant iron status than total Fe. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that P and leaf area explain 61% of the variability in chlorophyll. The leaf area was positively correlated with chlorophyll showing that Fe deficiency limits leaf growth. P content was also positively correlated with chlorophyll. Active Fe and chlorophyll concentration were not well correlated although chelate application produced differences in both variables among treated trees and the control. Chelate type affected P concentration in leaf, with Carla Val producing higher P content than Ferrishell plus. The main difference between both chelates lay in its K content. Attending to chlorophyll content, the optimum dose in peach trees affected by iron chlorosis varied for each chelate type. When low to medium doses of Fe chelate were applied, good responses were obtained.
Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients in Liquid Systems

On the basis of Eyring's absolute reaction rate theory, a new model for the Maxwell−Stefan diffusivity has been developed. This model, an extension of the Vignes equation, describes the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient in terms of the diffusivities at infinite dilution and an additional excess Gibbs energy contribution. This energy part allows the explicit consideration of thermodynamic nonidealities within the modeling of this transport property. If the same set of interaction parameters, which has been derived from vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) data, is applied for this part and for the thermodynamic correction, a theoretically sound modeling of VLE and diffusion can be achieved. The influence of viscosity and thermodynamics on the model accuracy is thoroughly investigated. For this purpose, diffusivities of 85 binary mixtures consisting of alkanes, cycloalkanes, halogenated alkanes, aromatics, ketones, and alcohols are computed. The average relative deviation between experimental .