Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation a Modified Erlang Loss System with Multi-type Servers and Multi-type Customers

We consider a modified multiserver Erlang loss system with two-priority classes of customers: the first priority customers (class-1) are lost if find all servers busy, while the second priority customers (class-2) join an infinite capacity queue if find all servers busy. A new feature of this system is that a multi-type servers assignment for the first priority customers is allowed. We assume Poisson inputs and general service times for both classes. We show how the product form of class-1 stationary probabilities can be used to obtain the stability condition of the whole system. Also we perform simulation to confirm theoretical results.
Influence of auditor objectivity, independence, and competence on audit quality of Public Accounting Firm in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the effect of auditor objectivity, independence and competence on audit quality of public accounting firms in Batam, Indonesia. This study uses quantitative methods with primary data through distributing questionnaires and using data processing with the help of the SPSS application. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The population in this study were 44 KAP auditors with the research sample using saturated samples. The results of the study show that the objectivity affects significant on audit quality, Independence does not affect on audit quality and Competence does not affect on audit quality. Keyword: objectivity, independence, competence and audit quality
WaPOR V2 quality assessment

This report describes the quality assessment of the FAO’s data portal to monitor Water Productivity through Open access of Remotely sensed derived data (WaPOR 2). The WaPOR 2 data portal has been prepared as a major output of the project: ́Using Remote Sensing in support of solutions to reduce agricultural water productivity gaps’, funded by the Government of The Netherlands. The WaPOR database is a comprehensive database that provides information on biomass production (for food production) and evapotranspiration (for water consumption) for Africa and the Near East in near real time covering the period 1 January 2009 to date. This document presents the results of a validation of the version 2 of the WaPOR database, produced in collaboration with the FRAME consortium partners, eLEAF and VITO. The report summarises the work done by the validation partner (ITC-UTwente) to assess the quality of the new V2 core data components, using different validation methods.
NBC's portrayal of men's and women's diving at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

Analysis of NBC‟s nine-hour coverage of diving at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was carried out to determine if gender bias would be found in announcer commentary. Both primetime and non-primetime coverage was examined to see if the amount of time devoted to diving was biased toward male or female divers‟. Billings‟ (2007) coding scheme was used to determine whether differences existed in the way NBC commentators described male and female divers performance during these Olympics. Descriptive phrases used by NBC commentators were coded independently by two coders. An advisor was used when coders disagreed on placement of descriptors in Billings coding scheme. Only descriptors that two out of three coders agreed on were used (n = 1,231) to ensure intercoder reliability. No significant difference was found regarding the amount of coverage devoted to the diving performance of men and women. However, commentators were more likely to discuss male divers‟ experience levels more than those of female divers during non-primetime hours. These results suggest that gender bias in NBC commentator dialogues during diving competition has diminished some since the 2004 Athens Olympic Games.
Rhizobacteria promoting growth and resistance to pathogens in pepper that favor their mycorrhization

The success of agricultural production depends on the climate, soil, water and micro-organisms arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Rpcv). This study consisted in determining the germination of spores of AMF in vitro associated to Rpcv and in greenhouse, evaluation of the growth and damages caused by Phytophthora capsici (P. capsici) in pepper seedlings inoculated with AMF and Rpcv. At 32 days of in vitro germination, it was found that Pseudomona tolasii P-61 and Bacillus pumilus R-44, promoted the germination of Rhizophagus intraradices, Jalapa I and Cedro spores up to 60% while the spore germination without Rpcv was of 11.66%. In the greenhouse phase, the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization was greater in the treatment of AMF+Bpcv with respect to the treatment only with AMF. The height, the thickening of the stem, the dry weight of the plant and the root volume, were greater with the inoculation of AMF+Bpcv compared with the inoculation of AMF and the control without inoculation. In the resistance of plants to the attack of P. capsici, it was found that at 84 ddt the inoculation treatment AMF+Bpcv, presented 4.84% of dead plants, AMF 11.21% and the control 4.24%. (194 words)
Effect of Solvent Extraction and Blanching Pre-Treatment on Phytochemical, Antioxidant Properties, Enzyme Inactivation and Antibacterial Activities of ‘Wonderful’ Pomegranate Peel Extracts

‘Wonderful’ pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel is rich in phytochemicals which are responsible for its strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but it has low economic value as it is mainly discarded, causing an environmental waste management problem. To examine the best processing regime for pomegranate peel wastes, different solvents (ethanol, methanol and acetone) at various concentrations (50%, 70% and 100%) and blanching at 60, 80 and 100 °C for 1, 3 and 5 min, for each temperature, were tested. Ethanol at 70% (v/v) provided the highest extract yield, total phenolic and total tannin content at 29.46%, 10.61 ± 0.15, and 0.76 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g DM, respectively. Antioxidant activity using the 2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl assay (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid assay (ABTS) were reported at 243.97 ± 2.43, 478.04 ± 73.98 and 718.79 ± 2.42 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively. A blanching temperature of 80 °C for 3 min led to the highest extract that had a total phenolic content of 12.22 ± 0.08 mg GAE/g DM and total tannin content of 1.06 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g DM. This extract also exhibited the best antioxidant activity for the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays. Two blanching temperatures, 80 or 100 °C, significantly reduced polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities (p < 0.05). Although blanched peel extracts showed a broad-spectrum activity against test bacteria, blanching at 80 °C for 3 or 5 min was most effective. Hot water blanching is thus a suitable environmentally friendly post-harvesting processing method for pomegranate peels that are intended for use as extracts in value-added products with good antioxidant and antibacterial effects.
Personalized Dynamic Treatment Regimes in Continuous Time: A Bayesian Approach for Optimizing Clinical Decisions with Timing

Accurate models of clinical actions and their impacts on disease progression are critical for estimating personalized optimal dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) in medical/health research, especially in managing chronic conditions. Traditional statistical methods for DTRs usually focus on estimating the optimal treatment or dosage at each given medical intervention, but overlook the important question of “when this intervention should happen. ” We fill this gap by developing a two-step Bayesian approach to optimize clinical decisions with timing. In the first step, we build a generative model for a sequence of medical interventions—which are discrete events in continuous time—with a marked temporal point process (MTPP) where the mark is the assigned treatment or dosage. Then this clinical action model is embedded into a Bayesian joint framework where the other components model clinical observations including longitudinal medical measurements and time-to-event data conditional on treatment histories. In the second step, we propose a policy gradient method to learn the personalized optimal clinical decision that maximizes the patient survival by interacting the MTPP with the model on clinical observations while accounting for uncertainties in clinical observations learned from the posterior inference of the Bayesian joint model in the first step. A signature application of the proposed approach is to schedule follow-up visitations and assign a dosage at each visitation for patients after kidney transplantation. We evaluate our approach with comparison to alternative methods on both simulated and real-world datasets. In our experiments, the personalized decisions made by the proposed method are clinically useful: they are interpretable and successfully help improve patient survival.
One-Way Functions and a Conditional Variant of MKTP

One-way functions (OWFs) are central objects of study in cryptography and computational complexity theory. In a seminal work, Liu and Pass (FOCS 2020) proved that the average-case hardness of computing time-bounded Kolmogorov complexity is equivalent to the existence of OWFs. It remained an open problem to establish such an equivalence for the average-case hardness of some natural NP -complete problem. In this paper, we make progress on this question by studying a conditional variant of the Minimum KT-complexity Problem (MKTP), which we call McKTP, as follows. Thus the existence of OWFs is inextricably linked to the average-case hardness of this NP -complete problem. In fact, building on recent results of Ren and Santhanam (CCC 2021), we show that McKTP is hard-on-average if and only if there are logspace-computable OWFs.
“Effect of Care bundles on Central Line Associated blood stream infections rate in ICU at a teritiary care centre in Kanpur”

Introduction: Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is one of serious healthcareassociated infections which can be controlled by well-coordinated use of care bundles and peer educational training also gear up in its reduction. Aim: To study the effect of care bundles on rate of CLA-BSI in ICU at a teritiary care centre in Kanpur. Material and Methods: There were two phase: Phase I (2017-2018); Retrospective preintervention phase where data were recorded from medical record unit. Phase II (20192020); Prospective Intervention phase where care bundles were implemented and samples were also collected from CLA-BSI suspected patients. Collected samples Blood and central line were processed according to standard protocols. Results: The rate of CLA-BSI was 3.6 and 1.8 per 1000 central line days in 2017 and 2018 respectively in phase I. In 2019 rate were increased to 2.5 per 1000 central line days and then reduces to 0.7 per 1000 central line days in 2020 (Phase II). Klesiella pneumoniae was found common isolates in preintervention phase while Staphylococcus aureus was mostly recover during intervention phase. E.coli, Acinetobacter sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were also CLA-BSI associated pathogen in the study. Conclusion: :CLA-BSI preventing Care bundle Implementation as well as continuous sensitization regarding infection control to health care personnel in ICU setting was useful and effectively reduced CLABSIs.
Developing Equations for Converting Digestible Energy to Metabolizable Energy for Korean Hanwoo Beef Cattle

Simple Summary The available energy in feedstuff represents the largest proportion of the total cost for intensive beef production. Therefore, the energy content of feeds must be known before diet formulation. The determination of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) values by animal experiments is both time-consuming and costly. Predictive equations to estimate the ME from DE can be useful for feed ingredient evaluations and diet formulations. A range of regression equations were developed in the present study, taking into consideration the gender and body weights of the animals, as well as the feed nutrients, to predict the relationship between the DE and ME. An evaluation of these equations suggested predicting the ME value based on ME = 0.9215 × DE − 0.1434 (R2 = 0.999). The generation of these predictive equations represents a step towards updating the ME:DE default conversion factor value of 0.82 adopted from the National Research Council to meet the ME requirements of beef cattle in Korea. The new recommended predictive equation enables the adjustment of the nutrient requirements, thus enhancing animal productivity and maximising the economic return for beef farmers. Abstract This study was performed to update and generate prediction equations for converting digestible energy (DE) to metabolizable energy (ME) for Korean Hanwoo beef cattle, taking into consideration the gender (male and female) and body weights (BW above and below 350 kg) of the animals. The data consisted of 141 measurements from respiratory chambers with a wide range of diets and energy intake levels. A simple linear regression of the overall unadjusted data suggested a strong relationship between the DE and ME (Mcal/kg DM): ME = 0.8722 × DE + 0.0016 (coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.946, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.107, p < 0.001 for intercept and slope). Mixed-model regression analyses to adjust for the effects of the experiment from which the data were obtained similarly showed a strong linear relationship between the DE and ME (Mcal/kg of DM): ME = 0.9215 × DE − 0.1434 (R2 = 0.999, RMSE = 0.004, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope). The DE was strongly related to the ME for both genders: ME = 0.8621 × DE + 0.0808 (R2 = 0.9600, RMSE = 0.083, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope) and ME = 0.7785 × DE + 0.1546 (R2 = 0.971, RMSE = 0.070, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope) for male and female Hanwoo cattle, respectively. By BW, the simple linear regression similarly showed a strong relationship between the DE and ME for Hanwoo above and below 350 kg BW: ME = 0.9833 × DE − 0.2760 (R2 = 0.991, RMSE = 0.055, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope) and ME = 0.72975 × DE + 0.38744 (R2 = 0.913, RMSE = 0.100, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope), respectively. A multiple regression using the DE and dietary factors as independent variables did not improve the accuracy of the ME prediction (ME = 1.149 × DE − 0.045 × crude protein + 0.011 × neutral detergent fibre − 0.027 × acid detergent fibre + 0.683).
De∞agration-to-Detonation Transition in H2-Air Mixtures: Efiect of Blockage Ratio

We analyze the efiect of blockage ratio on ∞ame acceleration and de∞agration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in hydrogen-air mixtures using two-dimensional numerical simulations. The numerical model is based on reactive Navier-Stokes equations coupled to a one-step Arrhenius kinetics of energy release. The simulations show that the distance to DDT does not signiflcantly change for blockage ratios BR = 0:31i0:56, but increases sharply outside of this interval. This is a result of two main competing efiects: larger obstacles promote the ∞ow and ∞ame acceleration, but they also weaken difiracting shocks. We analyze the evolution of the total energy-release rate in the system between the ∞ame ignition and the DDT and show that it grows by a factor of 1000{2000, mostly due to the ∞ame surface increase. The distance to DDT seems to be insensitive to the ignition mode, and this can be explained by the ∞ow choking that limits the in∞uence of the upstream ∞ow on the downstream.
SARS-CoV-2 Antigenemia as a Confounding Factor in Immunodiagnostic Assays: A Case Study

Humoral immunity has emerged as a vital immune component against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nevertheless, a subset of recovered Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) paucisymptomatic/asymptomatic individuals do not generate an antibody response, constituting a paradox. We assumed that immunodiagnostic assays may operate under a competitive format within the context of antigenemia, potentially explaining this phenomenon. We present a case where persistent antigenemia/viremia was documented for at least 73 days post-symptom onset using ‘in-house’ methodology, and as it progressively declined, seroconversion took place late, around day 55, supporting our hypothesis. Thus, prolonged SARS-CoV-2 antigenemia/viremia could mask humoral responses, rendering, in certain cases, the phenomenon of ‘non-responders’ a misnomer.
Analysis the Drivers of Environmental Responsibility of Chinese Auto Manufacturing Industry Based on Triple Bottom Line

The rapid increasing number of automobile products has brought great convenience to people’s living, but it has also caused serious environmental issues, waste of resources and energy shortage during its whole lifecycle. Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) refers to the company’s responsibility to avoid damage to the natural environment derived from its corporate social responsibility (CSR), and it plays an important role in solving resource and environmental problems. However, due to various internal and external reasons, it is difficult for the automobile manufacturing industry to find the key drivers for the implementation of CER. This research proposes a model framework that uses the fuzzy decision-making test and evaluation laboratory (fuzzy DEMATEL) method to analyze the drivers of CER from the perspective of the triple bottom line (TBL) of economy, environment and society. Firstly, the common drivers of CER are collected using literature review and questionnaire survey methods. Secondly, the key drivers are analyzed by using the fuzzy DEMATEL. Finally, the proposed approach was verified through a case study. The research results show that some effective measures to implement CER can be provided for the government, the automobile manufacturing industry and the public to promote sustainable development of Chinese Auto Manufacturing Industry (CAMI).
Analysis of Effectiveness and Psychological Techniques Implemented in mHealth Solutions for Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Literature

Background: in diabetes, multiple mHealth solutions were produced and implemented for self-management behaviors. However, little research on the effectiveness of psychological techniques implemented within these mHealth solutions was carried out, and even less with the elderly population where technological barriers might exist. Reliable evidence generated through a comprehensive evaluation of mHealth interventions may accelerate its growth for successful long-term implementation and to help to experience mHealth benefits in an enhanced way in all ages. Objective: this study aimed to review mHealth solutions for diabetes self-management in older adults (adherence to treatments and glycemic control) by analyzing the effectiveness of specific psychological techniques implemented. Methods: a narrative review was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed (Medline) and American Psychological Association (APA) PsycInfo databases were searched for published papers that addressed eHealth solutions’ effectiveness for diabetes self-management. Studies in English, Spanish, and/or German of any design were screened, with no time constraints regarding the year of publication. A qualitative analysis of the selected papers was conducted in several steps. Results: this review found 38 studies setting up and analyzing mHealth solutions for older adults. Most research showed improvements in HbA1c, self-management behaviors, and medication adherence in T2DM patients post intervention. However, different mid-to-long term effects were found across studies, specifically concerning the maintenance and adherence to healthy behaviors. The most employed psychological framework was CBT, including techniques such as self-monitoring of outcome behaviors (mostly targeting glycemia measurements and healthy habits as physical activity and/or diet), tailored motivational feedback from medical staff, and psychoeducation or health coaches. The most successful mHealth intervention combined the feature of tailored feedback messages, interactive communication with healthcare professionals, and multifaceted functions. Conclusions: there is a lack of elaborate and detailed information in the literature regarding the factors considered in the design and development of mHealth solutions used as interventions for T2DM self-management in the elderly. Documentation and inclusion of such vital information will foster a transparent and shared decision-making process that will ultimately lead to the development of useful and user-friendly self-management apps that can enhance the quality of life for diabetes patients. Further research adapting mHealth solutions to older adults’ sensory deficits is necessary.
STUDY OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS AND THEIR ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY IN NATIONAL MEDICAL COLLEGE AND TEACHING HOSPITAL, BIRGUNJ, NEPAL

Dermatophytosis refers to superficial fungal infections of keratinized tissues caused by keratinophilic dermatophytes. It is the most common of the superficial fungal infections. It is common in tropics and may present in epidemic proportions in areas with high rates of humidity.The aim of the study was to identify and assess the antifungal susceptibility of the dermatophytes in Department of Microbiology, NMCTH, Birgunj. The study included 349 cases of clinically diagnosed dermatophytosis from outpatient department of Dermatology of National Medical College, Birgunj during September 2019 to August 2020. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected as per proforma and skin scraping, hair plucking and nail clipping were done and materials were examined microscopically by KOH mount then cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and antifungal susceptibility were done by disk diffusion test in Department of Microbiology, National Medical College,Birgunj. Among 349 cases, overall male preponderance was observed with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. The most common age group of tinea infection was observed between 20 to 29 years of age. Tinea corporis was the dominant clinical type observed (38.1%). Potassium hydroxide positivity was seen in 288 samples (65.3%) and culture positivity was found in 57.9% of cases. The most common species identified was Trichophyton rubrum (55%). Itraconazole was found to be the most effective drug with 75.2% sensitive. Fluconazole was the least effective drug among the tested drug with 91.6% resistant.