Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pattern of Mandibular Fracture at Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal

A descriptive retrospective study was carried out and evaluated the pattern of mandibular fractures in western region of Nepal at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi. Among 498 cases of maxillofacial trauma registered between March 2014 to December 2018; 199 cases of mandibular fractures who were admitted and undergone conservative or surgical treatment were enrolled in the study. Parameters recorded were personal details of patients including age, sex, day and month of fracture, mode of trauma, alcohol abuse, site of mandibular fracture, treatment done, duration of hospital stay, and need for intensive care unit (ICU) stay. The selected group include 157 males (78.9%) and 42 females (21.1%). The mean age of patient was 30.34 ±13.98 years (age range, 3-77 years). The mode of trauma was from road traffic accident (69.8%) in majority of cases followed by physical assault (15.6%) and fall from height (12.6%). Majority of trauma for mandibular fracture were seen on Wednesday and Friday in the month of June followed by February and December. 27.1% of patients with mandibular fractures were under the influence of alcohol. Majority of patients (94%) were secondarily managed with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) under general anesthesia followed by closed reduction under local anesthesia (3%) and circum-mandibular wiring under general anesthesia (3%). Circum-mandibular wiring was opted for patient who were in mixed dentition period. The mean duration of hospital stay was 8.72±2.91 days (range, 5-20 days) in which maximum hospital stays were with patients associated with craniofacial fracture and associated intracranial injury. Majority of patients (98%) were managed post operatively in general surgical wards whereas few patients (2%) were shifted to ICU from major operating room due to post-operative anesthetic complications. Para symphysis fracture were seen in majority of cases followed by angle and condyle respectively. The mechanism of injury correlates significantly with the anatomic location of fracture and knowledge of these associations should guide the surgeons for appropriate and timely management. Because RTAs are most frequent, good traffic sense needs to be imbibed and developed by the government as well as the public.
Channels, Propagation and Antennas for Mobile Communications

This exceptional book introduces the reader to the principles, theory and applications of physical layer wireless/mobile communications. applicators and millimetric antennas. The book emphasises the basic principles needed to establish an understanding of this technology, whilst treating the tools required - such as the mathematics and statistics - in the manner of a practical handbook, thus avoiding detailed derivations.
Comparison of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) Infection in Cattle, Sheep and Goats Following the Detection of Clinical Cases: Fact and Fiction

Background: Paratuberculosis or Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is chronic infectious granulomatous enteritis of ruminants, which has a worldwide occurrence. The most common symptoms of this disease in cattle are loss of milk production, weight loss, and diarrhea and in sheep and goats are emaciation, anorexia and sever disability. The aim of this study was to compare the seroprevalence of MAP in cattle, sheep and goats following the detection of clinical cases in Southwest of Iran. Blood samples were randomly collected from 530 cattle, 568 sheep and 368 goats in Southwest of Iran. Sera were tested by a commercial ELISA kit for detection of antibodies to MAP. Results: Overall apparent and true seroprevalence rate of MAP was 6% (95% CI: 4.9 – 7.3 percent) and 11.36% (95% CI: 9.87 – 13.07 percent), respectively. Apparent and true seroprevalence of MAP were 4.34% (95% CI: 2.88 – 6.46 percent) and 7.59% (95% CI: 5.61 – 10.19 percent), respectively in cattle, 6.87% (95% CI: 5.05 – 9.27 percent) and 13.34% (95% CI: 10.78 – 16.4 percent), respectively in sheep, and 7.07 %( 95% CI: 4.82 – 10.18 percent) and 13.68% (95% CI: 10.52 – 17.58 percent), respectively in goats. As a result, there was no significant relationship between species and MAP infection. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression showed that the infection rate is not associated with age, gender, and geographical location in cattle, sheep and goats (P>0.05). Conclusions: This study confirms that the seroprevalence of MAP following the detection of clinical cases is considerable in the cattle, sheep and goats in Southwest of Iran, although in cattle it is less than goats and sheep. Therefore, preventive and control measures should be considered by animal health authorities and meat and dairy processing units.
First Year Engineering, Hands-on, Team Design Project Course; Reflections of a Ph.D. Student/Teaching Assistant

The ultimate goal of engineering education is to produce graduates who know the principles and practice of design in their chosen field. The engineering design process is complex and for that reason is hard to learn and harder still to teach in a traditional lecture format. The pedagogy behind the team projects described in this paper is project-centered learning in which students develop team work skills, and are taught basic engineering design concepts in a hands-on format that complements the traditional lecture. An ideal project is one that is challenging, enjoyable, requires teamwork, low cost, and doable in a short amount of time. This paper presents the reflections of a PhD student/teaching assistant who was involved in a project-based design course for first-year engineering students. It outlines the course activities and reviews three contexts for practicing project-based design learning.
Romanian concerns in the field of electric vehicles

The interest of the Romanian scientific and technical community in electric vehicles dates back over 30 years. The work of some enthusiastic inventors has led to experimental models of electric bikes, motor-scooters, tricycles, even four-wheeled vehicles, as well as scientific papers and books in this field (for details also see 'Electric and Hybrid Vehicles' by the same authors published in 2006 at 'ELECTRA' printing house (www.icpe.ro). The authors of this paper are among the promoters of research on electric vehicles. In 2000 the ICPE (The Research Institute of Electrotechnics) created a Consortium to promote an electric vehicles programme in Romania (EV Consortium), comprising researchers from universities, research institutes, urban transport companies, factories and small and medium-sized enterprises, who were interested in electric vehicles.
The role of insulin growth factors in autoimmune diseases

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), their receptors and their binding proteins form a distinct bioregulation system that regulates growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis and tissue remodeling. Recent data highlight a significant interaction of IGFs and the components of the immune system, especially B and T cells. Accumulating data suggest an important role of IGFs in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS). Herein, we summarize the current evidence on the role of IGF pathway in immune system regulation as well as its potential involvement in the pathophysiology of systemic autoimmune diseases.
SEISMIC SHEAR DEMAND OF DUCTILE CANTILEVER WALLS - A CANADIAN CODE PERSPECTIVE

During severe earthquakes, ductile flexural walls are expected to exhibit inelastic flexural behaviour while other brittle deformation mechanisms, such as shear, should remain elastic. The philosophy of the Canadian seismic provisions for flexural walls is based on the assumption that the force reduction factor is applicable to both flexure and shear. If the bending moments are limited because of the flexural strength of a wall, then the shear forces are considered to be limited by the same ratio. Recent case studies have not confirmed this philosophy. Brittle shear failures in walls are still possible even if their shear strengths are established by the Canadian standards. This paper presents an analytical investigation on the shear demand of ductile flexural walls designed for three different seismic zones in Canada. For each zone, an ensemble of code compatible historical earthquake ground motions is identified. The shear demand of each structure, under each earthquake record, is obtained by nonlinear .
Operational Experience of Agro-Residue Briquettes Based Power Generation System of 100 kW Capacity

A crop residue gasification based power generation system was developed at SardarPatel Renewable Energy Research Institute (SPRERI). The performance of the gasifier alone and the whole power generation system was evaluated using selected crop residues briquettes as fuel. Short duration experiments were carried out using selected crop residues briquettes of 40 mm, 55 mm, 57 mm and 60 mm diameters. A continuous 50h operation of the system was also carried outto understand the effect of various operating condition on gasification process. The gasifier performance was found most acceptable with 40 mm diameter briquettes.
A power‐based leadership approach to project management

The concept of leadership relates to power structuring whereby the project leader may lead and motivate through power disposition. Power, in its diverse guises, combines interpersonal and structural elements and can be enhanced through political manoeuvring. Power may also be distributed unevenly between individuals in the project team. In this article a power‐based model of project leadership is developed, underpinned by a behaviour‐performance‐outcome approach and an appropriate methodology is developed for testing the construction enterprises in China using structural equations modelling. The fitness indices show that the resulting model which postulates that the motivational function of good leadership operates through managing power gaps by means of power‐sharing and power‐amassing is acceptable. The effects (both predominant magnitudes and statistical significance) from the project managers' referent power to power‐sharing and power‐amassing show that the project manager's inherent personal traits and credentials are critical to his/her power exercising so as to motivate members to secure management effectiveness.
SEISMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF BRIDGES ISOLATED WITH FRICTION PENDULUM BEARINGS

SUMMARY A systematic method is developed for the dynamic analysis of the structures with sliding isolation which is a highly non-linear dynamic problem. According to the proposed method, a unified motion equation can be adapted for both stick and slip modes of the system. Unlike the traditional methods by which the integration interval has to be chopped into infinitesimal pieces during the transition of sliding and non-sliding modes, the integration interval remains constant throughout the whole process of the dynamic analysis by the proposed method so that accuracy and eƒciency in the analysis of the non-linear system can be enhanced to a large extent. Moreover, the proposed method is general enough to be adapted for the analysis of the structures with multiple sliding isolators undergoing independent motion conditions simultaneously. The superiority of the proposed method for the analysis of sliding supported structures is verified by a three-span continuous bridge subjected to harmonic motions and real earthquakes. In addition, the side e⁄ect of excessive displacement of the superstructure induced by the sliding isolation is eliminated by replacing one of the roller supports on the abutments with hinge support. Therefore, both reductions in the forces of the substructure and the displacements of the superstructure can be achieved simultaneously. ( 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Buckling Considerations for U-Shaped Bellows Utilized in Flexible Metal Hoses

This paper describes some of the considerations for evaluating the structural adequacy of flexible metal hoses utilized in a petro-chemical or process type environment. Specifically, the issues associated with the instability of the metal U-shaped bellows, from which the hose derives its overall flexibility and name, are reviewed and discussed in detail. In an effort to provide a comprehensive examination of the flexible hose’s use in the petro-chemical industry, a discussion of the applied mechanics associated with both column buckling of the bellows (also known as “squirm”) and in-plane buckling is presented. Results from a non-linear column buckling finite element analysis (FEA) of the U-shaped bellows are described and compared against previously published theoretical works on the instability of shells of revolution and most specifically, toroids. The applied loads in the finite element analyses include both internal pressure and transverse displacements (i.e., translations perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hose/bellows assembly). In addition, the guidance provided by the rules of the Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association Standards (EJMA) with regard to squirm are also reviewed and discussed. Finally, the results of both the theoretical and analytical investigations into the squirm phenomenon are utilized to identify some very practical solutions and recommendations to avoid the possibility of catastrophic failure of U-shaped bellows from column type instability.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Silicon as a microwave substrate

Silicon has many advantages as a microwave substrate material including low cost and a mature technology. The lower resistivity of Si (/spl ap/10 k /spl Omega/-cm) compared to GaAs (/spl ap/10 M /spl Omega/-cm) is perceived as a major disadvantage. In this paper, we present measured and simulated results demonstrating that the losses of a coplanar transmission line (CPW) realized on silicon substrates are comparable to the losses of a CPW realized on a GaAs substrate with insulators. The loss mechanisms of Si and GaAs substrates used for microwave applications are analyzed using both microwave and semiconductor physics theory. A high resistivity Si substrate can be used both as a microwave substrate and an active element carrier permitting further integration at low cost. <<ETX>>
A Correlational Model of Sadomasochistic Fantasies and Psychosocial Features among Male and Female Medical University Students

The deliberate act of mentally envisioning a sexual scenario involving a target and/or behavior is a normal part of human sexuality. The content of the mental imagery or sexual fantasy frequently reflects one’s sexual interest and is experienced as sexually arousing [1]. In fact, some studies have shown a positive correlation between the experience of arousing sexual fantasies and sexual satisfaction [2].
MEN'S AND WOMEN'S POLE VAULT AT THE SYDNEY 2000 OLYMPIC GAMES WITH RESPECT TO MECHANICAL ENERGY AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM

The purpose of this study was to identify differences between male and female pole vaulters with regard to the athlete's mechanical energy and angular momentum on elite level. On the basis of 3-D kinematic data of the pole vault finals at the Sydney Olympic Games the athlete's mechanical energy and angular momentum have been calculated. The development of the total, kinetic and potential energy shows similar characteristics for men and women. The initial energy of the vault, the energy at maximum pole bend position and the final energy are significantly higher for male athletes, while the energy gain produced by the athletes during the vault shows no significant differences. The angular momentum is higher for the female vaulters during the initial pole bend and the bar clearance.
On CFD-Analysis of Heat Transfer of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

In this work, a heavy-duty diesel engine was studied by employing CFD simulations on a closed volume engine segment. These simulations were used to evaluate both the effects from certain parameters on the wall heat transfer, and to examine how reduction of heat transfer would effect the engine performance and emission levels. In the first study, an initial investigation concerning the in- cylinder heat transfer was performed. This included a simple parameter study, performed to estimate the contribution of each parameter on the in-cylinder engine heat transfer. The parameter study revealed that most of the parameters selected do in-fact significantly affect the in-cylinder heat transfer. However, the effects on the indicated mean effective pressure, or indicated power output are different. Changing the amount of EGR and the swirl number did not show any dramatic effects on the indicated power output, while the injection duration showed much more dynamic effects on the indicated power output. In the second study, an investigation was made on the same heavy duty diesel engine, using both conventional diesel combustion mode and a partially premixed combustion (PPC) mode. Both combustion modes were validated using experimental data, before various heat flux boundary conditions were applied. These conditions were used to evaluate the engine response in terms of engine performance and emission levels for the different levels of heat rejection. The engine performance was measured in terms of specific fuel consumption and estimated power output, while the calculated net soot and accumulated NOx mass fractions were used for comparing the emission levels. The results showed improved efficiency for both combustion types, but only the PPC combustion mode managed that without increasing the production of NOx emissions severely. It was also noticed that the emission levels, for the baseline cases, were much lower for the PPC combustion mode than for the diesel combustion mode. (Less)
Impact of Al2O3 Particle Size on the Open Porosity of Ni/Al2O3 Composites Prepared by the Thermal Oxidation at Moderate Temperatures

The performance of attractive Ni-based composites can be affected by changing their microstructures, e.g., introducing pores. Here, we report a novel, relatively low-cost process to fabricate Ni/Al2O3 composites with open porosity modified by the size of Al2O3 particles. The mixture of powders was subjected to thermal oxidation twice in air after a maximal temperature of 800 °C was reached in a stepwise manner and maintained for 120 min. The oxidation kinetics were determined thermogravimetrically. The open porosity was evaluated by an Archimedes’ principle-based method. Localization and quantification of NiO, newly formed on the Ni particle surface and acting as a mechanical bonding agent, were explored by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Larger ceramic particles prevented merging of NiO layers on adjacent Ni particles more efficiently; therefore, the open porosity increased from 21% to 24.2% when the Al2O3 particle diameter was increased from 5–20 µm to 32–45 µm. Because both Ni/Al2O3 composites exhibited similar flexural strength, the composite with larger Al2O3 particles and the higher open porosity could be a better candidate for infiltration by molten metal, or it can be directly used in a variety of filtration applications.
Investigation of Unsteady Impeller-Diffuser Interaction in a Transonic Centrifugal Compressor Stage

In this paper, unsteady impeller-diffuser interaction in a transonic centrifugal compressor stage, which is composed of an impeller with splitter blade and a vaned diffuser, was studied numerically. The unsteady interaction has a significant impact on the time-averaged flow, which are presented by the so-called deterministic correlations in the average-passage equation system (APES) proposed by Adamczyk. Both steady and unsteady simulations were carried out at the design and off-design conditions. Results from the steady and unsteady simulations were compared to highlight the importance of the unsteady interactions and to help assess the shortcomings of simple mixing-plane methods. The comparisons indicate that the unsteady interactions should be considered in the simulations since the differences between the time averaged unsteady results and steady simulation results are significant especially at off-design conditions. Then the interactions between impeller and diffuser were studied in detail to advance the understanding of the flow physics involved. The results show that the impeller/diffuser interaction can affect a range of 30% impeller chord from impeller trailing edge on impeller performance, while whole chord length on diffuser performance. The potential effects of the diffuser cause an unsteady pressure disturbance at the impeller exit, leading to the unsteadiness of impeller load, tip leakage flow and losses. While the unsteadiness of impeller exit flow cause period varieties of inlet flow conditions for the diffuser and have large impacts on diffuser performance. Based on the unsteady results, deterministic correlations in the APES framework were computed and analyzed in order to reveal some shortcomings of present deterministic correlations models and to make some contributions to the modeling development. The distribution characteristics of deterministic correlations were studied. The study indicates that the deterministic correlations in the impeller and diffuser have the similar magnitudes, and that the correlations in the passages have large gradients in circumferential direction and decrease rapidly in flow direction especially in the vaneless space. The deterministic correlations at the impeller/diffuser interface were compared with their spatial correlations using the framework of the deterministic decomposition. The comparisons show that the spatial correlations have some discrepancies with the total deterministic correlations at the impeller/diffuser interface.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
PETROL FİYATLARI-HİSSE SENEDİ FİYATLARI İLİŞKİSİ: BİST SEKTÖREL ANALİZ

Petrol fiyatlarindaki degisim siklikla hisse senedi fiyatlarindaki dalgalanmalari anlamak icin onemli bir faktor olarak dusunulmektedir. Petrol fiyatlari ile hisse senedi piyasasi arasindaki iliskiyi inceleyen cok sayida calisma soz konusudur. Literaturdeki calismalarin cogu petrol fiyatlari ile hisse senedi fiyatlari arasindaki nedensellik iliskisini toplulastirilmis veri seti ile analiz etmistir. Petrol fiyatlari ile hisse senedi fiyatlari arasindaki iliskiyi sektor bazinda inceleyen calismalar sinirli sayidadir. Bu calismanin amaci, Borsa Istanbul (BIST) kapsamindaki sektorlere iliskin hisse senedi fiyatlari ile petrol fiyati arasindaki uzun ve kisa donem iliskiyi 2005-2013 donemine ait gunluk veri setini kullanarak incelemektir. Calismada Granger nedensellik testi cogu alt sektorler icin hisse senedi fiyatlarindan petrol fiyatlarina dogru bir nedensellik iliskisi oldugunu gostermistir.