Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D B2 MODEL FOR RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION

We proposed a 3D B2 model for the radiative transfer equation. The model is an extension of the 1D B2 model for the slab geometry. The 1D B2 model is an approximation to the 2nd order maximum entropy (M2) closure and has been proved to be globally hyperbolic. In 3D space, we are basically following the method for the slab geometry case to approximate the M2 closure by B2 ansatz. Same as the M2 closure, the ansatz of the new 3D B2 model has the capacity to capture both isotropic solutions and strongly peaked solutions. And beyond the M2 closure, the new model has fluxes in closed-form such that it is applicable to practical numerical simulations. The rotational invariance, realizability, and hyperbolicity of the new model are carefully studied.
Incidence of tuberculosis and opportunistic respiratory infections in cases of human immunodeficiency virus: a one-year study at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Evaluation of respiratory signs and symptoms among HIV patients is a challenging task for a number of reasons. A definitive diagnosis is highly recommended before starting management protocol. Objectives of this study was to primarily evaluate the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and opportunistic respiratory infections among the cases of HIV and to estimate the CD4 counts of all the patients and correlate with the respiratory infections among the cases. Methods: The present study was a one-year study conducted at Narayana Medical College and all the cases of HIV presented with signs and symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections were included after obtaining consent. Relevant biochemical, microbiological investigations and CD4 counts of all the cases were done and noted. The data was entered in Microsoft excel spread sheet and analysed for any corrections. Mean, median and SD was calculated for all the continuous variables. Results: A total of 127 cases with 87 males and females 40 females with a ratio of 2.2:1 were included. Mean age of the total cases in the study was 46.12±8.3 years and 29.92% were above 60 years. Hetero sexual exposure was the commonest cause and 59.84% of cases were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. Prevalence of tuberculosis among the cases of this study was 22.05%. The mean CD4 cell count with SD among the study was 168.57±142.21. Conclusions: Knowledge of the pattern of pulmonary complications in patients with HIV infection in relation to CD4 count will help clinicians develop faster diagnostic and therapeutic approach to patient management.
Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of aerobic bacteria from burn wound patient admitted in tertiary care hospital

Background: Significant burn injuries induce a state of immunosuppression that predisposes patients to infectious complications, thus the rate of nosocomial infections are higher. Rapidly merging multidrug resistant among the various isolate in indoor burn patients are depending on time-line becoming serious threat for managing therapeutically. Objective of this study is to determine the aetiological factor, prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and emerging nosocomial pathogens.Methods: A prospective study was carried in burn ward of K.L. E. ’s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum for the period of 1 year. Pair of wound swab were collected from patient having burnt more than 30% (RULE OF NINE) on 3rd day of stay. Sample were collected aseptically from 30 patients and processed by convectional culture and biochemical identification procedures and tested against commonly used antibiotics.Results: 30 patients that fall under inclusive criteria were enrolled in the study. The total burn surface area (TBSA) ranges from 30-82%. The ratio of female to male patient suffering burn wound in our study is 1.5:1. Aetiology of burn is heat (moist/dry) mostly. Depending upon degree of burn, most of patient suffered from 20 degree (superficial to deep) injury. From 30 swab cultures, 42 isolates were identified during the study in which mixed were 66.66% and one is fungi. The most commonly isolated is Pseudomonas aeruginosa (45.24%) then Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.04%), Acinetobacter spp. (14.28%), Staphylococccus aureus (11.90%). Among gram positive isolates, isolates are found to be most resistant to Erythromycin (100%) and Co-trimoxazole (100%) and sensitive to Vancomycin (71.42%). Among gram negative isolates are found to be most resistant to Gentamicin (91.65%), Ciprofloxacin (82.35%), Ceftazidime (82.35%) and sensitive to Meropenem (52.95%), Piperacillin (35.30%), Carbenicillin (29.41%). Conclusions: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the most common isolate. The nature of microbial wound colonization and flora changes with time should be taken into consideration in empirical antimicrobial therapy.
Development of Evaluation Procedure for Effective Implementation of Cdio

One of the challenges in modern engineering education is the demand for teaching of high quality where the subject is presented in an interesting and engaging way. By integrating and involving the students in the teaching process, the learning can be increased. At the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), the CDIO approach was started in the autumn of 2008 in the process of reforming the engineering education in order to educate the students to become more effective engineers. One of the goals is to effectively implement CDIO practices and reduce time for implementation. One of the ways to do this is to evaluate the students’ view on the CDIO learning environment. In order to get a high response rate from the students, it was decided to make the first student evaluation of the CDIO learning environment as a two page inquiry form with 16 questions on the front page and possibilities for individual comments on the reverse side of the page. In addition to the paper inquiry form there was the traditional electronic inquiry at the CampusNet. The two forms show significant difference in response rate since the paper inquiry form gave a response rate of 84% (=100% of all students attending the presentation day) compared to only 45% at the electronic inquiry at the CampusNet – giving the paper inquiry form a far more representative value. Altogether, this material has given the CDIO staff very good material for the evaluation of the CDIO Design Build course and input for improvement and effective practices. In general the results show a very high satisfaction with the Design Build course and the students like the practical approach in the CDIO concept. The students are very committed and the course motivates them for added interest in studying constructional engineering.
Comparison of ropivacaine alone or with dexamethasone as an adjuvant for reducing pain during positioning for neuraxial blockade with ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block

Background: Comparison of ropivacaine alone or with dexamethasone as an adjuvant for reducing pain during positioning for neuraxial blockade with ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block. Methods: In this double-blinded study, a total of 60 patients between 18 to 80 years of age, undergoing surgery for hip fracture were enrolled. Patients in Group A received 40 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine +2 ml saline and patients in Group B received 40 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine +8 mg dexamethasone. USG guided FICB and postoperative monitoring was done by the chief investigator who was unaware of group allotted and drug administered. Results: There is no significant difference in the heart rate between the two groups after 30 min of the block. The variation of systolic blood pressure of both the group for the first 30 min after giving FICB block was not significant (p>0.05). The absolute value of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly lower in Group B compared to group A just before the block, a variation of DBP with time was not significant. There was a gradual improvement of pain score from mean 6.7 in Group A and 6.6 in Group B at 0 min to score of 2 at the end of 30 min in both the group. This improvement was achieved earlier in Group B compared to Group A, although the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Vital parameters like HR, SBP, DBP, SpO2 values were similar in both the groups. No patients in either group required any interventions both pre-operatively and pos-operatively. Time of rescue analgesia was noted with the VAS score was significantly more in Group B (p≤0.004). The incidence of hematoma, accidental intravascular injection, convulsion, and paresthesia were nil in both groups. Conclusions: Although both the groups had comfortable and pain-free positioning for administering spinal anaesthesia before surgery. USG guided FICB is easy to perform block and give excellent analgesia for positioning and mobilization of hip fracture patients pre and post-operatively both, and dexamethasone as an adjuvant to 0.25%ropivavaine prolong its local anesthetic effect significantly.
Market Reaction to the Passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 Mahmud Rahman Master of Science in Management (Accounting)

I investigate the market reaction to the events leading up to the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) using short and long window event studies. Using the sample of S&P 1,500 firms, I find positive market reaction to the enactment of the TCJA only in one short window; market reaction to other windows remains weak. This study documents that firms with high marginal tax rate have positive market reaction only in one long window. Further investigation reveals that for the firms with deferred tax assets the market reaction is positive only in one short window and in another long window market reaction is negative. I also find weak evidence that firms with high deferred tax liabilities have a positive market reaction to the passage of the TCJA. In addition, I document that firms with high executive compensation record negative market reactions in the short windows, but no market reaction in the long windows. I finally find that market reaction to the marginal tax rate varies with firm corporate governance only in one short window. Overall, my study contributes to the existing tax and accounting literature by examining investor reaction to the passage of TCJA based on dominant firm characteristics such as marginal tax rates, corporate governance structures, the nature of deferred taxes, and the level of executive compensation for events leading to and after the passage of the Act.
On DC Errors in Translinear Frequency Multipliers

In this paper we discuss some circuit solution intended to eliminate or to reduce the DC errors occurring in some new high bandwidth translinear frequency multipliers. Errors arise as a result of the circuit’s topology or/and of the non-ideal devices behavior. All the proposed solutions refer to a particular frequency tripler circuit and leads to significant reduction the output-offset current of a to values very close to zero. Ill. 9, bibl. 8 (in English; Summaries in English, Russian, Lithuanian).
Unaccompanied refugee minors and resilience: A phenomenological study

Unaccompanied child migration, propelled by war, political strife and instability is an increasingly serious global problem. Refugee youth contends with numerous challenges as they adjust to living in a new country. Although their capacity for resilience is being given the deserved recognition, studies where their views are taken into account greatly outweigh in number those where the voices of young refugees directly narrate how they bounce forward in the face of an uncertain future (Walsh 2002). Resilience scholars are challenged to move beyond a narrow understanding of youth refugee resilience by conducting research on their life situations exploring their own perspectives. This article describes some of the insights gained from a phenomenological study— whose methods are particularly effective at capturing and illuminating the experiences and perceptions of individuals from their own perspectives— undertaken with unaccompanied minors living in Germany. The narrative approach used to explicate their narratives highlights seven major coping strategies: (1) Treasuring personal identity, (2) Maintaining cultural identity, (3) Networks of support and social negotiations, (4) Nurturing the need to belong, (5) Embracing a positive outlook, (6) Perceived self-efficacy and personal characteristics, (7) Adopting a growth mindset & self-enhancement expectations. The empirical data of this research show that URMs are active agents in choosing meaningful pathways to resilience and purposefully navigate through the numerous challenges in their lives.
The Contrasting Effects of Ethnic, Cultural and Immigrant Diversity on Entrepreneurship and Job Creation

This paper is the first one to examine empirically whether ethnic, cultural and immigrant population diversity within countries is favourable for entrepreneurship and job creation. Building on existing, yet disjointed theories on diversity, the paper provides insights as to why different types of diversity may have different effects on entrepreneurship. We test our predictions using multilevel modelling and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor survey of over 1.5 million people across 88 countries. We find that diversity boosts the number of start-ups and new businesses. Also, businesses hire more employees in countries that have a higher population share of skilled or unskilled immigrants due to skill complementarity. However, businesses are more likely to close down in countries with higher cultural or immigration diversity, likely due to market fragmentation. Our results show that small changes in diversity lead to significant changes in the probability of business survival and job creation. These results have important policy implications for countries seeking to toughen their immigration policies. Since societies will continue to become more diverse, considering the multiple dimensions of diversity will become ever more relevant for research and policymaking.
Comparing Individual Differences In Literacy Development In Pre-Kindergarteners And Kindergarteners: A Literature Review And A Proposal For Future Research

The thesis, Comparing Individual Differences in Literacy Development in PreKindergarteners and Kindergarteners, is a literature review that examines some of the research literature, focusing on the different aspect’s researchers examined related to literacy development. The articles focused heavily on children’s self-concept and the home literacy environment that the parents provide for the child. This thesis describes in depth five articles with a connection to either the home literacy environment, or children’s self-concept. The self-concept articles specifically examined how children viewed their own competency in completing school-related tasks. The articles reviewed were chosen because of their connection to the literacy environment and children’s success. From the analysis of these articles a study is proposed in which the home literacy environment would be evaluated, and children would be asked questions related to their self-competence. These two measures would then be related to children’s reading test scores to examine the relative contribution of each of the two predictors to literacy. In addition to the detailed discussion of previous work, this thesis describes in depth the measures that would be used in this study, the HOME, the Harter Self-Competence scale and school measures such as the BAS and PALs.
OVERVIEW OF NEONATAL SEPSIS IN DR. H. MOCH ANSARI SALEH HOSPITAL DURING THE PERIOD FROM JANUARY 2016-MAY 2017

Background: According to the Demographic and Health Survey(2012), the primary cause of early neonatal death are infections (56%), asphyxia (45%), and congenital abnormalities (11%). Data of neonates who suffer neonatal sepsis obtained at Hospital Dr.H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin in the year 2013-2017 is 299 cases Objective: to determine the incidence Overview of Neonatal Sepsis in Dr.H. Moch Ansari Saleh Hospital Banjarmasin, covering the characteristics of mother and baby characteristics. Methods: This research uses descriptive method.Sampling with total sampling is all neonates with sepsis.Data processing is presented through table and calculation of sepsis presentation.This study has secondary data taken from register books, medical records and documented into the research checklist. Results: The mothers of newborns with sepsis aged 20-35 years as many as 46 people (49.46%). Mothers with primiparousparity are asmany as 50 people (53.76%). Mothers with gestational age at term by 62 (59.52%) cases. Mothers who gave birth spontaneously as many as 71 (76.34%). Neonatal sepsis with normal weight were 72 (77.42%). Neonatal sepsis with male gender is the most that is equal to 57 (61.29%). Conclusion: The incidence of neonatal sepsis is more common in women with no risk of primiparous age gestation and spontaneous labor at term. While the characteristics of neonates who have sepsis on normal birth weight and male gender
Manipulation and control of collective behavior in active matter systems

MANIPULATION AND CONTROL OF COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ACTIVE MATTER SYSTEMS Erçağ Pinçe Ph.D. in Physics Advisor: Giovanni Volpe October 2016 Active matter systems consist of active constituents that transform energy into directed motion in a non-equilibrium setting. The interaction of active agents with each other and with their environment results in collective motion and emergence of long-range ordering. Examples to such dynamic behaviors in living active matter systems are pattern formation in bacterial colonies, flocking of birds and clustering of pedestrian crowds. All these phenomena stem from far-from-equilibrium interactions. The governing dynamics of these phenomena are not yet fully understood and extensively studied. In this thesis, we studied the role that spatial disorder can play to alter collective dynamics in a colloidal living active matter system. We showed that the level of heterogeneity in the environment influences the long-range order in a colloidal ensemble coupled to a bacterial bath where the non-equilibrium forces imposed by the bacteria become pivotal to control switching between gathering and dispersal of colloids. Apart from studying environmental factors in a complex active matter system, we also focused on a new class of active particles, “bionic microswimmers”, and their clustering behavior. We demonstrated that spherical bionic microswimmers which are fabricated by attaching motile E. coli bacteria on melamine particles can agglomerate in large colloidal structures. Finally, we observed the emergence of swimming clusters as a result of the collective motion of bionic microswimmers. Our results provide insights about statistical behavior and far-from-equilibrium interactions in an active matter system.
Paratyphoid infection caused by Salmonella Typhimurium in a pigeon flock (Columbia livia) in Iran

Salmonellosis is well known as a severe problem of all bird species, as well as humans, which is considered as one of the most common infectious diseases in pigeons. In the present study, a homing pigeon flock was referred with non-specific clinical signs such as diarrhea, progressive weight loss, weakness, drooping wings associated with a 21.05% mortality rate. At necropsy, severe necrotic hemorrhagic enteritis was found together with severe dehydration and pectoral muscle atrophy. In order to investigate the possibility of Salmonella infection, bacterial examinations were performed on Brilliant Green (BG) agar, Xylose-lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar, and Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar plates. Besides, biochemical tests were conducted to confirm Salmonella identification. Moreover, tissue samples were taken for histopathological examination. The results of bacteriological examinations showed the presence of Salmonella Typhimurium through Salmonella colonies on the applicable media, Gram stain smears, and biochemical analysis. At histopathological studies, which consistent with the bacteriological findings, severe enterocyte necrosis, heterophil infiltration, and hemorrhage were observed in the intestinal mucosa. Moreover, there was vascular congestion together with focal necrosis and inflammation in the liver, kidney, and spleen. In conclusion, it seems that infection by S. Typhimurium is frequently occurring in pigeons by diarrhea and enteritis. Thus, it should be considered in relation to public health
Predicting the Chances of Live Birth for Couples Undergoing In Vitro Treatments Using Decision Trees

—In developed countries, the prevalence of infertility ranges from 3.5% to 16.7%. There are several factors that affect the success rate of in vitro treatments and so every couple has a singular probability of success which can be predicted. As these treatments are complex and expensive with a variable probability of success, the most common question asked by in vitro fertilization patients is ‘‘What are my chances of conceiving? ”. Classical statistics and artificial intelligence models have been published in the literature. So far, artificial intelligent prediction models are not aimed at live birth but rather at pregnancy and use undergoing treatment features. The main aim of this study is to develop a classification tree model that estimates the chance of a live birth before In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatments. This decision tree might result in a new clinical support system that helps physicians to deal with the couple's expectations.
A Climatology of Midlatitude Continental Clouds from the ARM SGP Central Facility: Part I: Low-Level Cloud Macrophysical, Microphysical, and Radiative Properties

A record of single-layer and overcast low cloud (stratus) properties has been generated using approximately 4000 h of data collected from January 1997 to December 2002 at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains Central Facility (SCF). The cloud properties include liquidphase and liquid-dominant mixed-phase low cloud macrophysical, microphysical, and radiative properties including cloud-base and -top heights and temperatures, and cloud physical thickness derived from a ground-based radar and lidar pair, and rawinsonde sounding; cloud liquid water path (LWP) and content (LWC), and cloud-droplet effective radius (re) and number concentration (N ) derived from the macrophysical properties and radiometer data; and cloud optical depth ( ), effective solar transmission ( ), and cloud/top-of-atmosphere albedos (Rcldy/RTOA) derived from Eppley precision spectral pyranometer measurements. The cloud properties were analyzed in terms of their seasonal, monthly, and hourly variations. In general, more stratus clouds occur during winter and spring than in summer. Cloud-layer altitudes and physical thicknesses were higher and greater in summer than in winter with averaged physical thicknesses of 0.85 and 0.73 km for day and night, respectively. The seasonal variations of LWP, LWC, N, , Rcldy, and RTOA basically follow the same pattern with maxima and minima during winter and summer, respectively. There is no significant variation in mean re, however, despite a summertime peak in aerosol loading. Although a considerable degree of variability exists, the 6-yr average values of LWP, LWC, re, N, , , Rcldy, and RTOA are 151 gm 2 (138), 0.245 gm 3 (0.268), 8.7 m (8.5), 213 cm 3 (238), 26.8 (24.8), 0.331, 0.672, and 0.563 for daytime (nighttime). A new conceptual model of midlatitude continental low clouds at the ARM SGP site has been developed from this study. The low stratus cloud amount monotonically increases from midnight to early morning (0930 LT), and remains large until around local noon, then declines until 1930 LT when it levels off for the remainder of the night. In the morning, the stratus cloud layer is low, warm, and thick with less LWC, while in the afternoon it is high, cold, and thin with more LWC. Future parts of this series will consider other cloud types and cloud radiative forcing at the ARM SCF.