Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beta band rhythms influence reaction times

Despite their involvement in many cognitive functions, beta oscillations are among the least understood brain rhythms. Reports on whether the functional role of beta is primarily inhibitory or excitatory have been contradictory. Our framework attempts to reconcile these findings and proposes that several beta rhythms co-exist at different frequencies. Beta frequency shifts and their potential influence on behavior have thus far received little attention. In this magnetoencephalography experiment, we asked whether changes in beta power or frequency in auditory cortex and motor cortex influence behavior (reaction times) during an auditory sweep discrimination task. We found that in motor cortex, increased beta power slowed down responses, while in auditory cortex, increased beta frequency slowed down responses. We further characterized beta as transient burst events with distinct spectro-temporal profiles influencing reaction times. Finally, we found that increased motor-to-auditory beta connectivity also slowed down responses. In sum, beta power, frequency, bursting properties, cortical focus, and connectivity profile all influenced behavioral outcomes. Our results imply that the study of beta oscillations requires caution as beta dynamics are multifaceted phenomena, and that several dynamics must be taken into account to reconcile mixed findings in the literature.
Degenerations of the Grassmannian via matroidal subdivisions of the hypersimplex

We study initial degenerations of Gr 0 ( 3, 8 ) —the open part of the Grassmannian Gr ( 3, 8 ) defined by the nonvanishing of all Plücker coordinates—using matroid subdivisions of the ( 3, 8 ) –hypersimplex. We show that all initial degenerations are smooth and, outside of a single symmetry class, irreducible. As an application, we show that the Chow quotient of Gr ( 3, 8 ) by the diagonal torus of PGL ( 8 ) is the log canonical compactification of the moduli space of 8 lines in the projective plane in linear general position. This fully resolves a conjecture of Hacking, Keel, and Tevelev.
Global Hydrology: Processes, Resources and Environmental Management

1. Water for the World 2. The Global Hydrological Cycle 3. Hydrological Processes Within the River Basin 4. Floods, Droughts and Magnitude-Frequency Relations 5. Monitoring and Assessing Processes 6. Modelling Runoff Processes 7. Inadvertent Impacts on Hydrological Processes 1 - Water Quality 8. Inadvertent Impacts on Hydrological Processes 2 - Water Quality 9. Managing Runoff: The Design of the Major Water Management Systems 10. Managing Runoff: Unconventional and Environmentally-Sound Solutions 11. Towards a Sustainable Future?
Bayesian Consistency with the Supremum Metric

We present simple conditions for Bayesian consistency in the supremum metric. The key to the technique is a triangle inequality which allows us to explicitly use weak convergence, a consequence of the standard Kullback--Leibler support condition for the prior. A further condition is to ensure that smoothed versions of densities are not too far from the original density, thus dealing with densities which could track the data too closely. A key result of the paper is that we demonstrate supremum consistency using weaker conditions compared to those currently used to secure $\mathbb{L}_1$ consistency.
RESPONSE OF SOME SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES TO A SLOW- RE-LEASE NITROGEN FERTILIZER UNDER ASSIUT CONDITIONS

This work was carried out during the two sum-mer seasons of 2006 and 2007 at Arab El-Awammer Research Station (A.R.C.); Assiut, Egypt, to study the effect of Enciabien as a slow- release fertilizer on sweet potato plants grown in newly reclaimed soil. Three genotypes of sweet potato ( two clones Assiut 201, 202 and one culti-var 17/8) and four levels of nitrogen i;e. 20 N units of ammonium sulphate (control ), 20 N units , 40 N units and 60 N units of Enciabien were used in the present study. The results indicated that applying 60 N units of Enciabien gave the best result in most of studied characters. Also, genotype Assiut 201 was the best genotype under the experiment condition for the most studied characters. The in-teraction between 60 N unit of Enciabien and culti-var 17/8 gave the highest averages of vine weight, main stem length and highest number of branch-es/plant, while the interaction between 40 N units of Enciabien and Assiut 201 gave the best number of marketable storage roots/plant, weight of mar-ketable storage roots/plant, total yield/fed and av-erage of root diameter. High dry matter content and high starch root percentage were obtained from genotype Assiut 201 when received any of four tested nitrogen levels. While, high percentage of fiber in sweet potato roots were obtained from the interaction between Assiut 202 and all levels of nitrogen. The highest percentage of sugar content in sweet potato roots was obtained from cultivar 17/8 when received any of four used N levels.
Managing African Portugal: The Citizen-Migrant Distinction

In Managing African Portugal , Kesha Fikes shows how the final integration of Portugal’s economic institutions into the European Union (EU) in the late 1990s changed everyday encounters between African migrants and Portuguese citizens. This economic transition is examined through transformations in ideologies of difference enacted in workspaces in Lisbon between the mid-1990s and the early 2000s. Fikes evaluates shifts in racial discourse and considers how both antiracism and racism instantiate proof of Portugal’s European “conversion” and modernization. The ethnographic focus is a former undocumented fish market that at one time employed both Portuguese and Cape Verdean women. Both groups eventually sought work in low-wage professions as maids, nannies, and restaurant-kitchen help. The visibility of poor Portuguese women as domestics was thought to undermine the appearance of Portuguese modernity; by contrast, the association of poor African women with domestic work confirmed it. Fikes argues that we can better understand how Portugal interpreted its economic absorption into the EU by attending to the different directions in which working-poor Portuguese and Cape Verdean women were routed in the mid-1990s and by observing the character of the new work relationships that developed among them. In Managing African Portugal , Fikes pushes for a study of migrant phenomena that considers not only how the enactment of citizenship by the citizen manages the migrant, but also how citizens are simultaneously governed through their uptake and assumption of new EU citizen roles.
The interaction of Cytolin and NAA on cropping red ‘Delicious’ apple

SummaryA trial, at Spreyton in north-western Tasmania, studied the effects of Cytolin and NAA sprays on the thinning and shape of ‘Delicious’ apples. Untreated control and hand thinned trees were compared with trees treated with Cytolin or NAA alone, or in combination. Cytolin was applied at 25 mg 1~‘ at the king petal (KP) stage. NAA was applied at 8 mg I“1 at full bloom (FB) and 7,10, or 15 days after full bloom (AFB). Cytolin alone had no effect on thinning, fruit weight or on pip numbers but it did improve fruit shape. The combination of cytolin and NAA at FB overthinned. Cytolin and NAA combinations applied at all times after FB significantly decreased both mean fruit weight and pip numbers and reduced the percentage of fruit > 70 mm. All Cytolin-NAA combinations and the NAA treatments applied at 10 and 15 days AFB resulted in unacceptably high percentages of apples < 45 mm in diameter (pygmy fruit). It is recommended that Cytolin and NAA should not be used in the same spray programme. NAA alone is a.
Impact of muscle glycogen availability on the capacity for repeated 1 exercise in man

Purpose : To examine whether muscle glycogen availability is associated with fatigue 32 in a repeated exercise bout following short-term recovery. Methods: Ten endurance-trained individuals underwent two trials in a repeated measures design, each involving an initial run to exhaustion at 70% a 4-h recovery and a subsequent run to exhaustion 70% A low-carbohydrate Muscle biopsies were taken upon cessation of Run-1, post-recovery during Run-2 in L-CHO (F2). In H-CHO, the muscle biopsies were obtained post-recovery, time point coincident with fatigue in L-CHO (F2) and the point of fatigue during the subsequent exercise bout (F3). Conclusion: Increasing carbohydrate intake during short-term recovery accelerates 55 glycogen repletion in previously exercised muscle and thus improves the capacity for 56 repeated exercise. The availability of skeletal muscle glycogen is therefore an 57 important factor in the restoration of endurance capacity because fatigue during 58 repeated exercise is associated with a critically low absolute muscle glycogen 59 concentration.
Fractionation of arsenic in Port Kembla Harbour sediments

In order to elucidate major natural control on the diagenetic behaviour of arsenic in the sediments Port Kembla Harbour, a heavily industrialized port, vertical profiles of total and species of arsenic in porewater and total arsenic in different sediment solid phases and grain size fractions were measured. Four sediment solid phases were "operationally defined" as exchangeable, AVS, reducible and residual. Under an oxygen free atmosphere the samples were sliced to 2-cm thick layers and wet sieved to separate the sediment particles of < 63, > 63 and > 250 |4,m sizes. A four-step sequential extraction protocol was applied to these sieved samples to extract arsenic associated with these operationally defined solid phases. Arsenic distributions are typically characterized by sub surface maxima in the porewater and in the solid. These sub surface maxima occur at redox transition zones at which total Fe declines. These patterns reflect a strong redox coupling between As and Fe. In the sediment surface arsenic probably associates with Fe-oxyhydroxide that dissolves upon burial at the redox transition zone, leaving high porewater As and low solid Fe in this zone. The dissolved As diffuses upwards, then depending on the prevailing redox condition in surface sediment allows for the As fraction to either diffuses to overlying water (under mildly reducing conditions) or remains in the porewater and precipitates (under mildly oxidizing condition). [As]Porewater and [Pis]soiid concentrations generally increase with increasing distance from the Darcy Road Drain which parallels with the increase in fine grain content of the sediments. This pattern reflects an important role of the drain effluent in distributing arsenic and material in the Port Kembla Harbour. The fine grain fraction
Bioenergetic function is decreased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of veterans with Gulf War Illness

Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a major health problem for approximately 250,000 Gulf War (GW) veterans, but the etiology of GWI is unclear. We hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction is an important contributor to GWI, based on the similarity of some GWI symptoms to those occurring in some mitochondrial diseases; the plausibility that certain pollutants to which GW veterans were exposed affect mitochondria; mitochondrial effects observed in studies in laboratory models of GWI; and previous evidence of mitochondrial outcomes in studies in GW veterans. A primary role of mitochondria is generation of energy via oxidative phosphorylation. However, direct assessment of mitochondrial respiration, reflecting oxidative phosphorylation, has not been carried out in veterans with GWI. In this case-control observational study, we tested multiple measures of mitochondrial function and integrity in a cohort of 114 GW veterans, 80 with and 34 without GWI as assessed by the Kansas definition. In circulating white blood cells, we analyzed multiple measures of mitochondrial respiration and extracellular acidification, a proxy for non-aerobic energy generation; mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number; mtDNA damage; and nuclear DNA damage. We also collected detailed survey data on demographics; deployment; self-reported exposure to pesticides, pyridostigmine bromide, and chemical and biological warfare agents; and current biometrics, health and activity levels. We observed a 9% increase in mtDNA content in blood in veterans with GWI, but did not detect differences in DNA damage. Basal and ATP-linked oxygen consumption were respectively 42% and 47% higher in veterans without GWI, after adjustment for mtDNA amount. We did not find evidence for a compensatory increase in anaerobic energy generation: extracellular acidification was also lower in GWI (12% lower at baseline). A subset of 27 and 26 veterans returned for second and third visits, allowing us to measure stability of mitochondrial parameters over time. mtDNA CN, mtDNA damage, ATP-linked OCR, and spare respiratory capacity were moderately replicable over time, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.43, 0.44, 0.50, and 0.57, respectively. Other measures showed higher visit-to-visit variability. Many measurements showed lower replicability over time among veterans with GWI compared to veterans without GWI. Finally, we found a strong association between recalled exposure to pesticides, pyridostigmine bromide, and chemical and biological warfare agents and GWI (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Our results demonstrate decreased mitochondrial respiratory function as well as decreased glycolytic activity, both of which are consistent with decreased energy availability, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in veterans with GWI.
The Impact of Customer Relationship Management on Customer Loyalty in LG Company (Goldiran) Tehran City

t This study is carried out aimed to The Impact of Customer Relationship Management on Customer Loyalty with the Mediating Role of Customer Commitment in LG Company (Goldiran) Tehran City. The study correlation in view of application and descriptive approach and the method of data collection is library field. The statistic population include all customers of LG Company (Goldiran) in Tehran City. Research sample consist of 384 port employees were chosen through cluster random using of Morgan table. Reliability of Customer Relationship Management, Customer Loyalty and Customer Commitment is approved 0.86, 0.84 and 0.79 respectively. The method of data analysis is used by Descriptive and inferential statistics and normal data distribution through Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistical methods of this study was LISREL and SPSS software. Results find that Customer relationship management has Positive and significant impact on customer loyalty and customer commitment.
Detecting aerofoil separation pre-cursors using on-board optical tracking of �exible pillar sensors

A novel approach for detecting characteristic ﬂow signatures precursory to stall along aerofoils is introduced. It uses arrays of ﬂexible wind-hair like sensors distributed around the aerofoil which are tracked remotely using high-speed imaging and processing. The sensors act as “digital tufts” providing real-time readings of local velocity information with a high temporal resolution. Such sensors are integrated into a NACA0012 aerofoil and tested in a wind-tunnel for varying angles of attack in static tests and dynamically in a ramp-up test. For the static tests, the mean values of the sensor signals provide information on local free-stream velocity and angle of incidence. The ﬂuctuating part of the signals show that at angles approaching separation prominent low frequency oscillations are detected, the magnitudes of which scale with the angle of incidence. These are hypothesised to be linked to breathing modes of the Laminar Separation Bubble causing a shear-layer ﬂapping observed on the sensors. Such low-frequency oscillations were also detected short before separation in the ramp-up studies. As the high-speed cameras are mounted in a simulated “on-board” position, the sensing method could be used for early stall warnings in small-scale UAVs with integrated on-board object tracking cameras.
Research in International Business and Finance Capital Structure in an Emerging Stock Market: the Case of India

This paper applies two alternative methods of estimation, viz., fully modified OLS (FMOLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM), to analyse the determinants of the capital structure of Indian firms using a panel of 1169 non-financial firms listed in either the Bombay Stock Exchange or the National Stock Exchange over the period 1995–2008. The results thus obtained are robust across the estimation methods. Among the three alternative theories of capital structure, the pecking order theory and the static trade-off theory both seem to explain Indian firms' decisions. However , there is little evidence to support the agency cost theory.
Cataract Grade and Pupil: Comparison Between Conventional Phacoemulsification and Low-Energy Femtosecond Laser Assisted Cataract Surgery

Purpose This study presents a comparison of pupil changes according to cataract grade between low-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification (CP) in the same patient. Patients and Methods Data from surgical records from patients submitted to cataract surgery with CP in one eye and FLACS in the other were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criterion was both eyes of the same patient having the same cataract grade in accordance with Lens Opacity Classification System (LOCS) III. Total pupil variation (TPV) was measured after recorded images, with intraindividual comparison between techniques, according to cataract grade (≤3 and >3), age and cumulative dissipated energy (CDE). Results The study included a total of 124 eyes of 62 patients (mean age 72.65 ± 7.64 years). Analysis showed a statistically significant difference in TPV between techniques in the grade ≤3 cataract group (0.08 ± 0.22 mm²; p=0.034), with less pupil narrowing with FLACS, but not in the grade >3 group (0.01 ± 0.23 mm²; p=0.849). Regarding CDE, a significant difference (p<0.001) was found between techniques in both softer and harder cataracts, with lower values for FLACS. Correlation between CDE and TPV was significant for CP (p=0.021) but not for FLACS (p=0.922). TPV was significantly lower in older patients (age >74 years) for both techniques (p<0.001). Conclusion There was a statistically significant difference between techniques (although of mild clinical relevance), with less reduction of pupil area with FLACS in softer cataracts (grade ≤3), as compared to CP. Higher levels of CDE are associated with more pupil narrowing in CP.
Community and social responses to land use transformations in the Nairobi rural-urban fringe, Kenya

The process of urbanization is one of the most important dimensions of economic, social and physical changes. It is almost a truism that the planet’s future is an urban one and that the largest and fastest growing cities are in developing countries. Approximately 25 percent of Africa’s population lived in towns and cities in 1975. By the year 2000, due to rural-urban migration and rapid rates of natural increase, 38 percent of the continent’s population lived in urban areas. The proportion is.
eMSAM (deprenyl patch): how a promising antidepressant was underutilized

: The EMSAM patch is a unique monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) being the only antidepressant utilizing a transdermal delivery system. This was welcomed by clinicians who hoped that EMSAM would be better tolerated than oral MAOIs and non-MAOI antidepressants, as well as being effective for treatment in a wide spectrum of depressed patients including atypical depression, bipolar depression, and refractory depression. Unfortunately, the clinical use of EMSAM has been underutilized and its potential usefulness overlooked. This article suggests that fear of possible side effects, particularly the “cheese reaction” and serotonin syndrome, are some of the main contributors to underutilization by clinicians. These risks have been significantly exaggerated with the 6 mg/day dose not even requiring a special diet. Other contributing factors leading to underutilization are reviewed such as: the lack of studies addressing many important clinical questions; inadequate data analyses; not evaluating the effect of EMSAM on comorbid psychiatric conditions, particularly anxiety disorders; lack of antidepressant comparators versus EMSAM; no dose–response relationship examined; various depressive subtypes and conditions are unexplored, eg, bipolar depression and refractory depression; poor insurance coverage for an expensive medication; as well as minimal marketing efforts and postmarketing studies. On the other hand, many potential advantages of EMSAM are not highlighted enough in the literature and by pharmaceutical companies which might have increased clinical interest and utilization of the antidepressant. For example, the advantages of EMSAM include: avoidance of swallowing issues, as can be seen with oral antidepressants; minimal side effects, probably due to a favorable pharmacokinetic profile; minimal evidence of suicidal behavior, probably relating to the transdermal route of administration; low rates of inducing hypomanic/manic episodes; as well as significant efficacy in “anxious depression” and atypical depression. Recent efforts in conducting some post hoc analyses and presentations on EMSAM may yet stimulate further clinical interest and use of this antidepressant.
ES3Net: Accurate and Efficient Edge-based Self-Supervised Stereo Matching Network

Efficient and accurate depth estimation is crucial for real-world embedded vision applications, such as autonomous driving, 3D reconstruction, and drone navigation. Stereo matching is considered more accurate than monocular depth estimation due to the presence of a reference image, but its computational inefficiency poses a challenge for its deployment on edge devices. Moreover, it is difficult to acquire ground-truth depths for supervised training of stereo matching networks. To address these challenges, we propose Edge-based Self-Supervised Stereo matching Network (ES3Net), which efficiently estimates accurate depths without ground-truth depths for training. We introduce dual disparity to transform an efficient supervised stereo matching network into a self-supervised learning framework. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that ES3Net has comparable accuracy with stereo methods while outperforming monocular methods in inference time, approaching state-of-the-art performance. More specifically, our method improves over 40% in terms of RMSElog, compared to monocular methods while having 1500 times fewer parameters and running four times faster on NVIDIA Jetson TX2. The efficient and reliable estimation of depths on edge devices using ES3Net lays a good foundation for safe drone navigation.