Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Host range and species diversity of Tephritidae of three plant formations in Western Burkina Faso

Abstract In Western Burkina Faso, the host range of fruit flies was evaluated in three plant formations between May 2017 and April 2019. Samples of 61 potential hosts were collected and incubated for fruit fly emergence. Twenty-seven hosts including cultivated and wild fruit were identified. Among cultivated fruit species, mango, and guava were the most infested while high infestation incidences were observed in the fruit of the indigenous plants Vitellaria paradoxa, Annona senegalensis, Sarcocephalus latifolius, and Saba senegalensis. Low infestation rates were observed in Anacardium occidentale, Citrus species, Opilia celtidifolia, and Cissus populnea. The highest infestation index (1648.57 flies kg−1) was observed from V. paradoxa. Eleven new host fruit infested with many fruit fly species are reported in Burkina Faso. A total of 18 fruit fly species were reared; Bactrocera dorsalis (42.94%), Ceratitis cosyra (29.93%), and Ceratitis silvestrii (22.33%) dominated those that emerged. Four fruit fly species have been detected for the first time in Burkina Faso. The main suitable fruit hosts are abundant and available from May through August during the rainy season and become rare and have low infestation from November to April during the dry season. This is the first study of its kind in the region. This study shows that the three plant formations had an impact on population dynamics of the three tephritid species of economic importance in Western Burkina Faso. This information should be integrated into the development of a fruit fly pests management strategy.
Energy Content of Young Alewives in Eastern Lake Michigan and Muskegon Lake, a Connected Drowned River Mouth Lake

Abstract Energy content is an important determinant of an individual fish's condition and a key input variable for bioenergetics applications. Energy content of young fish can change rapidly during ontogeny; given the numerical abundance and high mass-specific metabolic rates of young fish, it is particularly important to obtain detailed information on their energy content. To this end, we quantified the total body energy content and energy density of economically and ecologically important young (age-0–1) nonnative alewives Alosa pseudoharengus collected during 1998–2003 in eastern Lake Michigan and Muskegon Lake, a connected drowned river mouth lake. Our analysis demonstrates that energy content of young alewives varies across years, seasons, lakes, and ontogeny. Consistent with previous observations of size-dependent overwinter mortality, young alewives deplete a large amount of body energy between late fall and late spring (i.e., declines in length-specific energy content and energy density occur over.
Incidence of the Two Date Palm Pathogens, Thielaviopsis Paradoxa and T. Punctulata in Soil From Date Palm Plantations in Elx, South-East Spain

The present study reports the frequent isolation of the two date palm pathogens Thielaviopsis paradoxa (de Seynes) Hohn and T. punctulata (Hennebert) Paulin, Harrington et McNew from soil of date palm plantations at Elx, south-east Spain, using dilu- tion plate, direct soil plating or by soil treatment either with acetic acid or phenol. The two species showed a high isolation rate. T. punctulata detected from all samples (100% isolation rate), whereas, T. paradoxa showed 52% isolation rate.Total fungal colony count, ranged from 1.1x10 5 -6 x10 5 , CFU/g dry soil. Out of these, T. punculata comprised between 0.2-3.2% and T. paradoxa, between 0.5-4.4%. Both species were characterized by development of thick-walled aleuroconidia either singly (T. punctulata) or in chains (T. paradoxa) in addition to the phialoconidia. The widespread occurrence of the two pathogens in soil may contribute to the possibility of infection of newly transplanted offshoots of date palms.
Factors Influencing Hair Lamivudine Concentration among People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China

Background Hair antiretroviral concentration has served as an innovative and objective measure of antiretroviral adherence. However, some factors (for example, pharma-cokinetics and hair characteristics) may contribute to the variability of hair antiretroviral concentration that may threaten the validity and reliability of the hair measure as a biomarker of adherence. This study aimed to examine the potential factors that may influence the measure of hair antiretroviral concentration. Methods Hair samples from a cohort of 372 people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving lamivudine (300 mg/day) in Guangxi, China. Lamivudine concentration was analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the associations of hair lamivudine concentration with age, sex, ethnicity, height, weight, body mass index, duration of HIV diagnosis, duration of current regimen, dosing schedule, concomitant antiretroviral medications, frequency of hair washing, hair care products use, hair cosmetic treatment and self-reported adherence. Results Multivariable models revealed that frequency of hair washing (β=-0.221, P=0.001), dosing schedule (β=0.141, P=0.036) and self-reported adherence (β=0.160, P=0.002) were associated with hair lamivudine concentration. Conclusions We observed that, among those potential factors, hair lamivudine concentration was influenced by frequency of hair washing and dosing schedule. Therefore, frequency of hair washing and dosing schedule should be considered in future research using hair lamivudine concentration as a measure of lamivudine exposure and bio-marker of adherence.
Retinoic acid induces persistent, RARα‐mediated anti‐proliferative responses in Epstein‐Barr virus–immortalized b lymphoblasts carrying an activated c‐myc oncogene but not in Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines

We have previously demonstrated that 13‐cis‐retinoic acid (RA), 9‐cis‐RA and all‐trans‐RA (ATRA) powerfully inhibit the proliferation of Epstein‐Barr virus–immortalized B‐lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). The aim of the present study was to assess whether these compounds are effective at inhibiting the growth of B cells at more advanced stages of lymphomagenesis, including fully transformed B lymphocytes. To this end, c‐myc–transfected LCLs (myc‐LCLs) and Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines were used. We report that 13‐cis‐RA, 9‐cis‐RA and ATRA also markedly inhibit the proliferation of myc‐LCLs by inducing G0/G1 growth arrest as well as enhancing rates of apoptosis. Conversely, all but 1 (DG75) of the 8 BL cell lines investigated were poorly RA‐responsive. Moreover, unlike LCLs and myc‐LCLs, RA‐treated DG75 cells rapidly resumed proliferation upon drug removal. Analysis of cell cycle–regulatory proteins showed that, as in LCLs, strong up‐regulation of p27Kip−1 and increased levels of under‐phosphorylated pRb and p130 were detected in RA‐treated DG75 cells. While the catalytic activity of all 3 G1‐associated CDKs (CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6) was strongly inhibited in RA‐treated LCLs, only CDK2‐associated kinase activity was reduced in DG75 cells arrested in G0/G1 by RA. Moreover, RA‐treated DG75 cells failed to show the down‐regulation of cyclin D3 observed in LCLs. Use of receptor‐selective agonists and antagonists showed that in LCLs and RA‐responsive BL cells, RA‐induced growth arrest is mainly mediated by RARα. The RARα‐selective agonist Ro 40‐6055 was also effective at very low concentrations (10–10 M). Nevertheless, comparable levels of RARα mRNA were found in RA‐responsive and ‐resistant BL cell lines, indicating that mechanisms different from transcriptional deregulation of RARα probably underlie the differential responsiveness of BL cells. Int. J. Cancer 86:375–384, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficacy and Safety of Abdominal Trunk Muscle Strengthening Using an Innovative Device in Elderly Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study

Objective To examine the efficacy and safety of an innovative, device-driven abdominal trunk muscle strengthening program, with the ability to measure muscle strength, to treat chronic low back pain (LBP) in elderly participants. Methods Seven women with non-specific chronic LBP, lasting at least 3 months, were enrolled and treated with the prescribed exercise regimen. Patients participated in a 12-week device-driven exercise program which included abdominal trunk muscle strengthening and 4 types of stretches for the trunk and lower extremities. Primary outcomes were adverse events associated with the exercise program, improvement in abdominal trunk muscle strength, as measured by the device, and improvement in the numerical rating scale (NRS) scores of LBP with the exercise. Secondary outcomes were improvement in the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) score and the results of the locomotive syndrome risk test, including the stand-up and two-step tests. Results There were no reports of increased back pain or new-onset abdominal pain or discomfort during or after the device-driven exercise program. The mean abdominal trunk muscle strength, NRS, RDQ scores, and the stand-up and two-step test scores were significantly improved at the end of the trial compared to baseline. Conclusion No participants experienced adverse events during the 12-week strengthening program, which involved the use of our device and stretching, indicating the program was safe. Further, the program significantly improved various measures of LBP and physical function in elderly participants.
Contribution of Chronic Fatigue to Psychosocial Status and Quality of Life in Spanish Women Diagnosed with Endometriosis

Aim: To analyze the levels of chronic fatigue in Spanish women with endometriosis and its relationship with their psychosocial status and quality of life (QoL). Methods: A total of 230 Spanish women with a clinical diagnosis of endometriosis were recruited. Chronic fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale) and pelvic pain (Numeric Rating Scale) were evaluated. An on-line battery of validated scales was used to assess psychosocial status [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Scale for Mood Assessment, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index, Female Sexual Function Index and Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey] and QoL [Endometriosis-Health Profile questionnaire-30]. Associations between fatigue and both psychosocial and QoL outcomes were explored through multivariate regression models. Results: One-third and one-half of women showed moderate and severe fatigue, respectively. Fatigue was associated with higher anxiety and depression, poorer sleep quality, poorer sexual functioning, worse gastrointestinal health, higher catastrophizing thoughts, higher anger/hostility scores and lower QoL (p-values < 0.050). Moreover, fatigue and catastrophizing thoughts showed a mediating effect on the association between pelvic pain and QoL. Conclusion: This work reveals the important role of fatigue in the association between pain, psychosocial status, and QoL of Spanish women with endometriosis.
Complete pathologic response after two-stage cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC for bulky pseudomyxoma peritonei: proof of concept

Abstract Introduction Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease characterized by the progressive accumulation of mucinous ascites and peritoneal implants. The optimal treatment for PMP includes the association of complete cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). For patients with a large burdensome disease, the completeness of cytoreduction sometimes requires maximal effort surgery. The aim of this article is to provide proof of concept for two stage cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in this category of patients. Methods and materials A two stage CRS and HIPEC with oxaliplatin was proposed for patients with bulky PMP including important involvement of the serosal surfaces of the bowel or colon who had an impaired nutritional status. The residual disease at the end of the first stage was less than 5 mm of thickness on several implants. Clinical, surgical and histopathological variables were analyzed. Results All eight patients completed the two-stage strategy. Mortality was nil. One Clavien Dindo grade 3 event occurred in each stage. After a median follow up of 29.5 months, all patients were alive and free of recurrence. All of the patients had histopathological complete response on the specimens obtained from the residual sites during the second stage surgery. Conclusions Two-stage surgical strategy is feasible for bulky PMP patients and it is associated with little high-grade morbidity and enhanced visceral sparing.
Integrins regulate epithelial cell shape by controlling the architecture and mechanical properties of basal actomyosin networks

Forces generated by the actomyosin cytoskeleton are key contributors to many morphogenetic processes. The actomyosin cytoskeleton organises in different types of networks depending on intracellular signals and on cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. However, actomyosin networks are not static and transitions between them have been proposed to drive morphogenesis. Still, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate the dynamics of actomyosin networks during morphogenesis. This work uses the Drosophila follicular epithelium, real-time imaging, laser ablation and quantitative analysis to study the role of integrins on the regulation of basal actomyosin networks organisation and dynamics and the potential contribution of this role to cell shape. We find that elimination of integrins from follicle cells impairs F-actin recruitment to basal medial actomyosin stress fibers. The available F-actin redistributes to the so-called whip-like structures, present at tricellular junctions, and into a new type of actin-rich protrusions that emanate from the basal cortex and project towards the medial region. These F-actin protrusions are dynamic and changes in total protrusion area correlate with periodic cycles of basal myosin accumulation and constriction pulses of the cell membrane. Finally, we find that follicle cells lacking integrin function show increased membrane tension and reduced basal surface. Furthermore, the actin-rich protrusions are responsible for these phenotypes as their elimination in integrin mutant follicle cells rescues both tension and basal surface defects. We thus propose that the role of integrins as regulators of stress fibers plays a key role on controlling epithelial cell shape, as integrin disruption promotes reorganisation into other types of actomyosin networks, in a manner that interferes with proper expansion of epithelial basal surfaces.
Criptógamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP: algas, 25: Bacillariophyceae (Naviculales: Pinnulariaceae)

Taxonomic survey of representatives of family Pinnulariaceae (Naviculales, Bacillariophyceae) in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Two genera (Caloneis with 1 and Pinnularia with 12 species) and 20 taxa altogether, including 13 species and seven varieties that are not the typical of their respective species were identified. One variety, Pinnularia brauniana (Grunow) Mills var. sanctipaulensis Rocha, is described as new to science. Pinnularia brauniana (Grunow) Mills var. sanctipaulensis Rocha and P. subgibba Krammer var. lanceolata Gaiser & Johanser are the best geographically represented species in the Parque area occurring in 5 localities, whereas and Caloneis hyalina Hustedt, Pinnularia biceps Gregory var. biceps, P. grunowii Krammer, P. joculata (Manguin) Krammer, P. schoenfelderi Krammer, P. subanglica Krammer, P. tabellaria Ehrenberg and P. viridis (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg var. viridis are the least represented ones, been found in a single locality each.
The start of gastrectomy at different time-of-day influences postoperative outcomes

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) continues to be 1 of the malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the improvements in targeted inhibitor therapy have promoted survival, the first choice for GC patients is still surgery. However, prolonged surgery may tire surgeons and affect surgical outcomes. To detect whether different time-of-day radical gastrectomy influenced short-term and long-term surgical outcomes. This study included 117 patients between 2008 and 2012 who underwent a radical gastrectomy. These patients were grouped into the morning (before 13:00) and afternoon (after 13:00) groups or divided into 2 groups according to the median operation start time (before or after 11:23). Then, the relevant influence of the surgical start time was analyzed. The morning group (before 13:00) and the front median group (before 11:23) showed longer operative time (P = .008 and P = .016, respectively), lower estimated blood loss (P < .001 and P = .158, respectively), and longer time before resuming oral intake (P < .001 and P < .173, respectively) than the afternoon group (after 13:00) or latter median group (after 11:23). Starting the operation in the morning had no effect on the rate of postoperative complications. The operation start time had no significant influence on the overall survival of patients who underwent a radical gastrectomy. However, in subgroup analysis, patients who underwent a distal gastrectomy faced poor prognosis when their surgery started after 13:00 (P = .030). The results suggest that the operation start time might be an indicator of total operative time, estimated blood loss, and the time to resuming oral intake. The operation start time may also influence the prognosis of radical gastrectomy in patients with GC.
Mindfulness as a Protective Factor for Dissatisfaction in HCWs: The Moderating Role of Mindful Attention between Climate Stress and Job Satisfaction

With the aim of investigating the possible moderating effect of job control and dispositional mindfulness between different sources of organizational stress and job satisfaction, a correlational study was designed involving health care workers (HCWs). The following questionnaires were administered and completed by 237 HCWs: (1) Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI), to measure the sources of stress at work (managerial role, climate power, climate structure, internal relationships), and job satisfaction; (2) Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) to assess the individual’s level of attention to what is taking place in the present; (3) Job Control Scale (JCS) to assess the perceived control at work. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test the hypothesized relationships between variables; the results showed that, between the different sources of stress, the organizational climate dimension was negatively associated with job satisfaction; moreover, mindfulness attention moderated the relationship between climate stress and job satisfaction; unexpectedly, the interaction between job control and the organizational climate dimension was not significant in affecting job satisfaction. This study can provide useful information for Human Resources Management (HRM) practices regarding job and mental control interventions and empowerment, and possibly offer a new interpretation of the role of attention to what is happening in the present moment and autonomy between climate stressors and occupational satisfaction.
Treatment with intravenous busulfan, melphalan, and etoposide followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: a multicenter study from the consortium for improving survival of lymphoma

Several high‐dose therapy (HDT) conditioning regimens have been used to treat non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), such as bis‐chloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU)/etoposide/cytosine arabinoside/melphalan (BEAM), BCNU/etoposide/cytosine arabinoside/cyclophosphamide (BEAC), and cyclophosphamide/BCNU/etoposide (CBV). BCNU is an active drug in HDT of NHL, but the supply is limited in some countries, including Korea. Busulfan has been used in allogeneic and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). This phase II study evaluated the efficacy of busulfan/melphalan/etoposide (BuME) as a conditioning regimen for HDT in relapsed or high‐risk NHL. The regimen consisted of intravenous busulfan (3.2 mg/kg/day) on days −8, −7, and −6, etoposide (400 mg/m2/day) on days −5 and −4, and melphalan (50 mg/m2/day) on days −3 and −2. A total of 46 patients were included in the study, with 36 (78.3%) achieving a complete response after ASCT. The 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 46.7% (95% CI, 31.8–60.4%) and 63.7% (95% CI, 47.7–76.0%), respectively. There was no development of veno‐occlusive disease and no treatment‐related deaths within 100 days after ASCT. These results indicate that a BuME regimen is well‐tolerated and effective for patients with relapsed or high‐risk NHL, and may be comparable to some previously used regimens. This regimen may be useful as a substitute for BCNU‐containing regimens.
Two Cycles of Recurrent Selection Lead to Simultaneous Improvement in Black Spot Resistance and Stem Strength in Field Pea

Susceptibility to black spot [caused by Myco-sphaerella pinodes (Berk. and Blox.) Vestergr. ] and weak stem strength in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) are major restrictions to yield, seed quality, and ease of harvest. Previous studies have established that additive genetic variance is present for both traits, and that stem strength is strongly associated with a field test of compressed stem thickness at the base of the stem. This study aimed to improve these two complex traits simultaneously by recurrent selection. Heritabilities and responses to selection for resistance to black spot and stem strength were evaluated during two cycles of recurrent selection after intercrossing diverse genotypes. Response to selection was indicated by a reduction of 10% in the mean black spot leaf disease in the F 2 of cycle 2 compared with the F 2 of cycle 1, when considered as a percentage of the mean of cycle 1 parents in the same trials. Likewise, there was a 15% increase in stem strength, based on the mean compressed stem thickness in the F 2 of cycle 2 compared with the F 2 of cycle 1. Broad sense heritability for resistance to black spot leaf disease was moderate (H = 0.63 ± 0.35 across cycles 1 and 2) and for compressed stem thickness was also moderate (H = 0.66 ± 0.34). Genetic gains were realized for both traits simultaneously in the first two cycles and were predicted to be rapid over the next five to six cycles based on a random mating quantitative genetics model.
A bipartite thermodynamic-kinetic contribution by an activating mutation to RDF-independent excision by a phage serine integrase

Abstract Streptomyces phage ϕC31 integrase (Int)—a large serine site-specific recombinase—is autonomous for phage integration (attP x attB recombination) but is dependent on the phage coded gp3, a recombination directionality factor (RDF), for prophage excision (attL x attR recombination). A previously described activating mutation, E449K, induces Int to perform attL x attR recombination in the absence of gp3, albeit with lower efficiency. E449K has no adverse effect on the competence of Int for attP x attB recombination. Int(E449K) resembles Int in gp3 mediated stimulation of attL x attR recombination and inhibition of attP x attB recombination. Using single-molecule analyses, we examined the mechanism by which E449K activates Int for gp3-independent attL x attR recombination. The contribution of E449K is both thermodynamic and kinetic. First, the mutation modulates the relative abundance of Int bound attL-attR site complexes, favoring pre-synaptic (PS) complexes over non-productively bound complexes. Roughly half of the synaptic complexes formed from Int(E449K) pre-synaptic complexes are recombination competent. By contrast, Int yields only inactive synapses. Second, E449K accelerates the dissociation of non-productively bound complexes and inactive synaptic complexes formed by Int. The extra opportunities afforded to Int(E499K) in reattempting synapse formation enhances the probability of success at fruitful synapsis.