Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Blog-based mathematics learning devices

The development of science and technology today requires learning science and technology-based innovation. Educators must be able to innovate learning by utilizing the internet. Blog-based learning is important as an alternative learning. The purpose of this research is to produce a valid, practical and effective blog-based mathematics learning tools developed consist of RPP, Modules, and the Mathematics Learning Blog. This research is a research developed. The development model used is the ADDIE model (Analyse, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The subject of the research was grade X students. Based on the results of the development it was obtained that the result of blog-based mathematics learning that were developed met valid, practical, and effective criteria.
The Effects of Trauma, Violence, and Stress on Sexual Health Outcomes Among Female Clinic Clients in a Small Northeastern U.S. Urban Center

Background: Threats to sexual health can emerge across one's life span and are influenced by individual and interpersonal experiences, as well as certain environmental exposures. Although previous research has recognized the importance of ecological frameworks to understand the complexity of health and behaviors in marginalized communities, there continues to be a dearth of research that truly utilizes this perspective to gain insight into the multifaceted factors that can concurrently influence threats to sexual health among women. Methods: A sample of 279 ethnoracially diverse women were recruited from a U.S. northeastern small urban center health clinic to participate in a parent study on trauma and immunity. A hierarchical block analysis was conducted to investigate associations between women's experiences of trauma, stress and violence (i.e., childhood trauma (CHT), intimate partner violence (IPV), neighborhood stressors), and sexual health outcomes and behaviors (i.e., lifetime sexually transmitted infection [STI] diagnosis, concurrent partnerships, and lifetime sex trading). Results: In the full hierarchical model, IPV and life stress trauma were associated with lifetime sex trading and partner concurrency. Also in the full model, sexual CHT was associated with lifetime STI acquisition and partner concurrency, while emotional CHT was associated with lifetime sex trading. Lastly, as neighborhood disorder increased, so did the number of lifetime sex trading partners. Conclusion: Sexual health assessments in clinical and community settings require a holistic, comprehensive, and meaningful approach to inform person-centered health promotion intervention. Prevention and treatment interventions require a focus on parents and families, and should assist adolescents and young adults to adopt therapies for healing from these experiences of trauma, violence, and stress. Interventions to enhance sexual health promotion must also include the following: advocacy for safe environments, social policy that addresses lifelong impacts of CHT, and fiscal policy that addresses economic vulnerability among women and threatens sexual health. Further recommendations are discussed.
Energetic efficiency of reproduction may constrain litter size in northern grasshopper mice

ABSTRACT A growing body of evidence shows that lactation is energetically costly for mammals. Although lactation costs are positively correlated with litter size, the shape of this relationship remains largely unexplored. Understanding physiological efficiencies of metabolic investment in reproduction should provide valuable insight concerning trade-offs between number and size of offspring and limits to litter size. I used data from northern grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster) to explore these constraints. The relationship between litter size and cost of lactation was best described by a non-linear regression such that intermediate litter sizes were the most cost-effective. Lactation costs at the upper range of natural litters for this species required mothers to ingest more than twice as much food as non-reproductive females. Young at 15 d of age from the largest litters were smaller than same-age young from smaller litters. In contrast, young from litters at the lower end of the species range were larger than average. These data suggest that the distribution of litter sizes within this species is selected against at the lower end by inefficient conversion of energy into viable offspring and at the upper end by simple limits on digestive efficiency or capacity.
Common species have lower taxonomic diversity Evidence from the urban floras of Brussels and Rome

The species pool hypothesis claims that the large‐scale regional species pool is the chief parameter in determining small‐scale species richness through filtering of species that can persist within a community on the basis of their tolerance of the abiotic environment. Accordingly, different environmental conditions give rise to different species assemblages. From a taxonomic perspective, under the assumption of trait conservatism, co‐occurring species that experience similar environmental conditions are likely to be more taxonomically similar than ecologically distant species. The next step consists in understanding how commonness and rarity of individual species produce the observed taxonomic diversity. In this paper, the importance of environmental filtering in regulating the taxonomic structure of rare and common plant species in the urban floras of Brussels (Belgium) and Rome (Italy) is tested. First, we computed the taxonomic diversity of the rare and common species of Brussels and Rome based on the branching topology of the Linnaean taxonomic trees. Next, using a randomization procedure, we determined whether the taxonomic diversity of the rare species was significantly higher than the diversity of the common species. Results show that, for both urban floras, common species that shape the community matrix and experience similar environmental conditions have a taxonomic diversity that is significantly lower than that of the rare species that represent a relatively incidental set of species of more ‘disperse’ origin. Finally, from a conservation/management perspective our results imply that, given their high taxonomic heterogeneity, the protection of rare species is a central issue for preserving high levels of diversity in urban areas.
Sexual ratio, reproductive period and seasonal variation of the gonochoric shrimp Hippolyte obliquimanus (Caridea: Hippolytidae)

Abstract Hippolyte obliquimanus is a small, gonochoric shrimp found in algal substrates along the western Atlantic coast of Brazil, particularly in association with seaweed of the genus Sargassum. We studied population features (sexual ratio, reproductive period and temporal distribution) of H. obliquimanus in southeastern Brazil, including its relationships with the seasonality of banks of this alga. Specimens were collected at two-monthly intervals from March 2005 to January 2006, in Ubatuba Bay. The sex of individuals was checked, and the carapace length measured. In total, 668 individuals were collected: 211 males (0.70–2.50 mm carapace length), 341 non-ovigerous females (0.55–2.90 mm), and 116 ovigerous females (1.55–3.20 mm). Hippolyte obliquimanus showed seasonal–continuous reproduction and variable continuous recruitment. The highest number of animals (75%) was collected in fall–winter. The percentages of ovigerous females/total females (fall–winter: 27%; spring–summer: 26%) and the sexual ratio (fall–winter: 31%; spring–summer: 32%) were practically equal in both periods. The sexual ratio showed a predominance of females in almost all size classes, and we detected a new sex ratio pattern for this species. The seasonal variation in the number of individuals can be related to its migration to deeper areas, due to the decrease in the abundance of Sargassum sp. in shallower waters in spring–summer.
Gender Differences in Motivation And Academic Achievement: A Study Of the University Students of KP, Pakistan

A bs tr ac t This descriptive survey research investigated the motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) from a gender point of view and established a link of motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) with students’ academic achievement. From two public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 162 students were selected through the use of the technique of stratified random sampling. For measuring the students’ motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), a scale developed by Lepper et al. (2005) was used. In order to analyze the collected data, the correlation coefficient and t-test were used. Results showed that Male students are more extrinsically motivated. A significant gender difference in the aspect of Easy work and academic outcomes exists. Furthermore, students’ educational attainment is significantly affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Descriptions of Five Polynoid Species (Polychaeta) from the Coasts of Norway and Sweden, Including Three New Species, One New Genus and One New Generic Name

Malmgrenia furcosetosa sp.n. Harmothoe viridis sp.n. , Bylgides acutisetis sp.n. Neopolynoe paradoxa (Storm) comb.n. and Diplaconotum paucidentatum (Eliason) comb.n. are described. Neopolynoe is a new name for the genus Eupolynoe Bidenkap, preoccupied by McIntosh. The genus Diplaconotum is erected for Macellicephala paucidentata Eliason and is included in the subfamily Polaruschakovinae Pettibone.
Do Explicit Review Strategies Improve Code Review Performance?

Context: Code review is a fundamental, yet expensive part of software engineering. Therefore, research on understanding code review and its efficiency and performance is paramount. Objective: We aim to test the effect of a guidance approach on review effectiveness and efficiency. This effect is expected to work by lowering the cognitive load of the task; thus, we analyze the mediation relationship as well. Method: To investigate this effect, we employ an experimental design where professional developers have to perform three code reviews. We use three conditions: no guidance, a checklist, and a checklist-based review strategy. Furthermore, we measure the reviewers' cognitive load. Limitations: The main limitations of this study concern the specific cohort of participants, the mono-operation bias for the guidance conditions, and the generalizability to other changes and defects. Full registered report: https://doi.org/10.17605/0SF.IO/5FPT]; Materials: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. 11806656
Phosphorylation of BLM, Dissociation from Topoisomerase IIIα, and Colocalization with γ-H2AX after Topoisomerase I-Induced Replication Damage

ABSTRACT Topoisomerase I-associated DNA single-strand breaks selectively trapped by camptothecins are lethal after being converted to double-strand breaks by replication fork collisions. BLM (Bloom's syndrome protein), a RecQ DNA helicase, and topoisomerase IIIα (Top3α) appear essential for the resolution of stalled replication forks (Holliday junctions). We investigated the involvement of BLM in the signaling response to Top1-mediated replication DNA damage. In BLM-complemented cells, BLM colocalized with promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) nuclear bodies and Top3α. Fibroblasts without BLM showed an increased sensitivity to camptothecin, enhanced formation of Top1-DNA complexes, and delayed histone H2AX phosphorylation (γ-H2AX). Camptothecin also induced nuclear relocalization of BLM, Top3α, and PML protein and replication-dependent phosphorylation of BLM on threonine 99 (T99p-BLM). T99p-BLM was also observed following replication stress induced by hydroxyurea. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein and AT- and Rad9-related protein kinases, but not DNA-dependent protein kinase, appeared to play a redundant role in phosphorylating BLM. Following camptothecin treatment, T99p-BLM colocalized with γ-H2AX but not with Top3α or PML. Thus, BLM appears to dissociate from Top3α and PML following its phosphorylation and facilitates H2AX phosphorylation in response to replication double-strand breaks induced by Top1. A defect in γ-H2AX signaling in response to unrepaired replication-mediated double-strand breaks might, at least in part, explain the camptothecin-sensitivity of BLM-deficient cells.
The Interstitial Fauna of Some North Wales Beaches

This paper lists over 100 species, mostly new records for Britain, found in the interstices of sand and shell gravel from North Wales beaches. The distribution of these species, other than the Kalyptorhynchia (Turbellaria) and the Gastrotricha, is given. The distribution of this fauna in relation to the substrate is discussed and species typical of fine-, medium- and coarse-particled substrates are listed.
Responses to supplements by weaned lambs grazing mature pasture or eating hay in yards

Weaned crossbred lambs grazing mature pasture in summer at stocking rates of 14, 28 or 42 lambs/ha were supplemented for 60 days with 0, 400, 600 or 800 g/day of either sunflower meal or a 1:1 mixture of sunflower meal and oats. Mean daily gains in fasted weight without and with supplement were - 51 and 62 g, respectively, with no significant difference between the three feeding levels. Greasy wool production increased from 4.7 g/day without supplement to 9.9 g/day at the 600 or 800 g level but the composition of the supplement had no effect. Stocking rate had no effect on animal performance. It was estimated that pasture intake increased slightly with the first 400 g of supplement but fell sharply as the level increased further, with a substitution rate of 1.3. In two experiments, yarded lambs were offered oaten or lucerne hay ad libitum and mixtures of sunflower meal and oats at levels from 400 g/day to ad libitum. Mean daily gain in fasted weight increased from about 140 to about 190 g/day over this range of supplementation and greasy wool production from about 9 to about 10 g/day. In one experiment weight gain and wool production were significantly lower with a 1:6 mixture of sunflower meal and oats than with a 1:2 mixture and the same trend was shown in the other experiment. Measurements of intake showed that the substitution rate for both types of hay was only about 0.5. Comparisons of the animals' estimated requirements and intake in all three experiments indicated that the relatively poor performance of grazing animals was due to the very high substitution rate for grazed pasture at levels of supplement intake above 400 g/day.
Long-term changes in macroalgal communities in a Danish estuary

Abstract Long-term studies of the composition of marine macroalgal communities are rare because of the lack of quantitative investigations in the past. In Denmark, a single quantitative study was performed in 1941–1943 in the nontidal estuary Isefjord–Roskilde Fjord, at several sites of variable salinity (10–22 ‰) and nutrient availability. This study was used as a reference for evaluating changes in the richness and relative abundance of macroalgal species from different taxonomic groups and functional forms at sites experiencing increasing concentrations of nitrate and light attenuation during the 50 years elapsed since then. Qualitative measures showed no, or few, changes over the period. In contrast, quantitative measures showed a significant increase in the relative abundance of small, opportunistic green algae (e.g. species of Chaetomorpha, Cladophora, Enteromorpha and Ulva) and a significant decrease in the relative abundance of large, perennial brown algae (e.g. Fucus serratus and F. vesiculosus). Along with these changes, the diversity of functional form groups declined. The inner parts of Roskilde Fjord, which were already nutrient-rich 50 years ago, did not show any significant changes in the composition of the macroalgal communities. The temporal changes during the 50 years are consistent with the spatial differences observed both then and now along the nutrient gradients. The results imply that quantitative measures of the abundance of macroalgal species having different thallus form, longevity and taxonomy are more sensitive and robust than qualitative measures in reflecting changes in the communities brought about by cultural eutrophication. The response of macroalgal communities gradually diminishes with progressively higher nutrient loadings, suggesting that the impact of eutrophication on coastal macroalgae will follow a geometric series similar to that established for lakes of different trophic levels.
Change of digesta passage rate in dairy cows after different acute stress situations

Abstract Six dairy cows received 3 treatments after morning meal, in a double Latin square design. Treatments were ACTH challenge (SYN), hoof trimming (TRIM) and saline (CTR). Measurements included: plasma cortisol and metabolic profile during the 24 h after treatments; the rate of digesta passage, faecal dry matter and pH. Both acute stress situations vs CTR caused a rapid and similar rise in plasma cortisol (P<0.001), while plasma glucose increased only in response to TRIM. Plasma concentrations of urea and BHB were increased for several hours after both stress situations. Most importantly, the transit time of digesta was reduced with SYN and TRIM (P<0.05). Our data demonstrate a reduced forestomach motility during acute stress and confirm a possible negative linkage between stress and gut functions, perhaps independent of diet composition. The mechanism seems linked to increased ACTH or cortisol rather than corticotrophin-releasing factor.
The Effect of Income Smoothing and Procyclicality Behavior on the Bank Credit Impairment Losses with IAS 39 Adoption in PSAK 55 as a Moderating Variable

The bank's credit impairment losses play a vital role in maintaining the stability and health of banks, as well as fulfilling the banks' function in channelling public funds. This study aims to determine the effect of income smoothing and the behavior of procyclicality against the banks' credit impairment losses, as well as the role of adoption of IAS 39 in PSAK 55 in moderating the influence of these two variables. The objects of this study are conventional commercial banks, listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange within the research period of 2008-2017. By using a purposive sampling method, this study obtained 20 bank samples and 196 observations. The hypotheses in this research are tested using multiple regression analysis. This study shows that income smoothing has a positive effect on banks' credit impairment losses, whereas procyclicality and IAS 39 adoption in PSAK 55 does not affect the banks’ credit impairment losses significantly. On the contrary, the adoption of IAS 39 in PSAK 55 weakens the positive effect of income smoothing; however, it cannot moderate the effect of procyclicality on the banks' credit impairment losses. The results of this study have implications for regulators' policies to reduce income smoothing practices, maintain financial system stability because the provision for losses from lowering credit scores is too low, accounting policies stipulated by banks emphasize the interpretation and application of standards, and professional judgment and contradictory policies that can cover deficiencies held by financial accounting standards. Another implication is the need for bank managers to anticipate that by 2020, PSAK adopted from IFRS can be useful.
Araneofauna capturada na mata e área aberta adjacente, no norte do Paraná, Brasil

Arachnids make up an exclusive predator group. Eating habit makes the arthropods to move around in search for hunting or building traps with silk threads. In order to know the araneofauna of the Godoy’s Forest State Park, pitfall-like traps were installed inside the forest, edge and adjacent area predominantly grassy. Collections were carried out fortnightly, in the period of a year, separating what was collected during the day and during the night. One hundred and twenty-one individuals were collected, belonging to 18 families where Lycosidae and Theridiidae were the most abundant, although Lyniphiidae family has prevailed in the forest area. Young individuals prevailed. It is concluded that the highest frequency and abundance of young individuals may be directly related to its dispersal and spiders belonging to the Lycosidae, Zoridae and Theridiidae families, being able to be used as bioindicators.
High Electrical Conductivity and Radiation-based Water Management Improve Fruit Quality of Greenhouse Tomatoes Grown in Rockwool

In order to improve fruit quality under the Northern climatic growing conditions prevailing in Quebec, Canada (lat. 47°N, long. 71°W), a greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, cv. Blitz) spring production experiment was conducted using several irrigation regime and electrical conductivity (EC) levels. The irrigation regime treatments were a function of the global solar radiation, with three thresholds applied to each EC treatment. The irrigation thresholds (KJ.m -2 ) were 1) 468, 2) 540, and 3) 612. Two EC treatments were used: 1) control EC (2.0 to 3.5 mS.cm -1 ) and 2) 30% higher EC than the control (2.6 to 4.6 mS.cm -1 ), which was raised by adding NaCI to 12 mmol.L -1 . Plant water potential in summer and in the fall and plant growth after 6 months were not affected by irrigation or EC treatments. Raising the EC increased the Na content of reproductive and vegetative parts and decreased the N concentration of the vegetative parts. The highest EC improved fruit quality by reducing the incidence of fruit cracking. Although marketable yields were not affected by EC (P = 0.09) or irrigation regime (P = 0.08) treatments, higher EC during March to September increased (P ≤ 0.01) the proportion of Class 2 fruit by reducing fruit size.
Two deep-sea shrimps new to the Australian fauna, Psathyrocaris hawaiiensis Rathbun (Pasiphaeidae) and Bresilia antipodarum, sp.nov. (Bresiliidae), with remarks on Encantada spinoculata Wicksten (Bresiliidae)

Information is provided on two deep-sea shrimps new to the Australian fauna. One, Psathyrocaris hawaiiensis Rathbun, 1906 (Pasiphaeidae), is previously known only from the incomplete holotype specimen from Hawaii, and is redescribed. The second, Bresilia antipodarum, sp. nov. (Bresiliidae), represents the first occurrence of this genus in the Southern Hemisphere, the two other species being known only from the north-west Atlantic and Mediterranean. Further information is also provided on Encantada spinoculata Wicksten, 1989 (Bresiliidae), which has a characteristic first pereiopod chela very similar to that of Bresilia spp. , and a key to the Bresilia-group of genera of the Bresiliidae is provided.
Evaluación de métodos de corrección para efectos ambientales para peso al destete en corderos Suffolk

Data of weaning weights (WW) from 2 172 Suffolk lambs with complete genealogical information, obtained from a flock in central Mexico from 1992 to 2004, were analyzed using mixed linear models with direct and maternal effects, to generate correction factors and to compare different methods for the adjustment of sex, type of birth and age of the mother effects. The methods compared were: analysis of weaning weights with a complete mixed model (PDMOD), analysis of WW preadjusted to 68 days and for sex and age of the mother-type of birth with factors developed from this population (PD68PRE), analysis of WW adjusted to 68 days with a complete model (PD68MOD) and analysis of WW preadjusted to 68 days and for sex, age of the mother and type of birth with factors developed for the Suffolk population of the United States of America (PD68USA). The effects of year of birth, sex, type of birth, age of the mother, year of birth × age of the mother interaction and the linear and quadratic effects of weaning age were all significan (P < 0.01). The inclusion of all the effects in the model gave slightly smaller residual coefficients of variation with reductions ≤ 0.51%, compared to preadjusted data with correction factors generated either in the flock or adapted from those suggested for the Suffolk population of the United States of America. Small differences between methods in the ranking of the animals according to the genetic evaluations based on empirical BLUP´s for direct and maternal genetic effects were found, with Spearman´s correlation values ≥ 0.96.