Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can a state of the art atmospheric general circulation model reproduce recent NAO related variability at the air‐sea interface?

Recent studies claim that useful predictability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) up to several years in advance may be possible using atmospheric models in which the sea surface temperature (SST) is specified from observations. Achieving this goal requires that such models adequately capture the observed variation in the NAO at interannual as well as interdecadal timescales. We investigate whether this is the case by comparing interannual variability in the HadAM3 atmospheric model with observations in the SOC air‐sea flux dataset for 1980‐1995. We find that the model NAO time variation does not correspond to that observed, thus claims of multiannual predictability need to be viewed with caution. In addition, analysis of the observations reveals that NAO related SST anomalies do not exert a significant heat flux feedback on the atmosphere at seasonal to interannual timescales.
Counting Process Generated by Boundary-crossing Events. Theory and Statistical Applications

In this paper, we introduce and analyze a new class of stochastic process, named Boundary Crossing Counting Process. We show how to assess its finite-sample probability distribution using first exit time distributions. We discuss and calibrate three different methods for estimating this probability distribution and show how to use this distribution for non-parametric statistical specification testing or model validation. We apply this tool to the problem of unit root testing and to the problem of modeling financial data. First, we find that the BCC-test is less powerful than specific parametric unit-root tests, yet more powerful than another non-parametric test based on probability integral transform. Next, we learn that the BCC-test is relatively powerful in differentiating between commonly used GARCH type of models when the model under the null hypothesis and the model under the alternative hypothesis differ in the distribution of the error term. Finally, we show that the BCC-test often rejects the null hypothesis that the data generating process for major American and Australian stock indexes is well represented by the GARCH(1,1) model. The BCC-test cannot reject the GJR model for any specification, which is additional supportive evidence for the presence and importance of asymmetry in financial markets.
The potential impact of different organic manure sources and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation on growth performance of sweet corn grown on BRIS soil

This study aimed towards determining the effect of different sources of organic manure and mycorrhizal inoculation on the growth performance of corn planted on BRIS soil. A 5 x 2 factorial experiment was conducted at the glasshouse of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated 4 times to determine the potential impact of organic and bio fertilization on corn grown under BRIS (Rhu Tapi series) soil. The factors include Organic Manure at 5 levels (OM1=Control, OM2=Chicken Manure, OM3=Cattle Manure, OM4=Horse Manure and OM5=Biochar) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi at 2 levels (M1=with and M2=without). The variables measured were plant height, stem girth, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width and leaf area from 2 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The growth performance of the test crop in this experiment was significant in the measured parameters, with chicken manure (OM2) under Mycorrhizal inoculation (M1) performed better when the data collected were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Statistical Analysis System (SAS), and means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at p<0.05. The result of this study shows chicken manure when inoculated with AMF can boost sweet corn production on BRIS soil which is low in nutrient content.
Thermo Physical Enhancement of Advanced NanoComposite Phase Change Material

Article history: Received 17 January 2019 Received in revised form 27 February 2019 Accepted 20 March 2019 Available online 24 March 2019 In this study inorganic salt hydrated phase-change material (PCM) based on calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O) is employed to characterize phase change behavior such as the supercooling degree and phase change temperature. The CaCl2·6H2O nanocomposite PCM contained with different volume fraction wt. % of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) are verified by heating-cooling curves resulted in enhancing thermal behavior. Results demonstrate the validation phase change temperature of the CaCl2·6H2O pure PCM are significantly referenced, supercooling of CaCl2·6H2O/GNP nanocomposite PCM are studied. The degree of supercooling is within the range of 6.015. 2°C, with the maximum reductions of 68% and no phase segregation was observed. The CaCl2·6H2O/GNP nanocomposite PCM presented acceptable thermal reliability, chemical stability, and heat transfer characteristics, thereby reflecting its acceptability for low-temperature thermal energy storage applications.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Automated verbal credibility assessment of intentions

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
The relationship between physiological responses and emotion regulation behavior during situation modification

As we navigate the world around us, emotion regulation plays an essential role in how we manage our emotional and physiological responses to the things, people, and situations that we encounter every day. One important way people can regulate their emotions is by changing or modifying the emotional situations they encounter. Previous research has shown that people use information about their physiological responses to make decisions about emotional material (Birk & Bonnano, 2016), so the current study sought to better understand what motivates people to modify emotional situations by examining the relationship between physiology and situation modification. The current study monitored participants’ heart rate and skin conductance while they watched emotional video clips and decided whether to skip or watch segments of the videos. Emotion levels of each video and self-reported mood were measured in terms of both valence (positive, negative, or neutral) and arousal (physical activation). The study found that participants skipped segments of neutral videos and low arousal videos most frequently. Skipping more negative video clips was correlated with more negative mood. This suggests that participants preferred emotional and arousing material, regardless of whether it was positive or negative. EMOTION REGULATION AND PHYSIOLOGY 3 Introduction Emotion regulation, or how we manage our emotions and physiological responses, is essential to how we navigate the world around us. In every experience, these emotional and physiological responses go hand in hand. For example, when we experience strong emotions, physiological responses like our heart rate, skin temperature, or energy level may change. Emotion regulation involves finding allostasis, or balance, that satisfies our needs for both emotion and physiology. For example, in stressful situations, it is important for us to be activated enough to able to react with fight or flight responses but also not be so activated that we are frozen with fear. On the other hand, if we are too happy and physically relaxed, we may not be prepared enough for sudden dangers that may arise. Not only is an emotional and physical allostasis important in specific situations, but it is also important throughout our lifetimes. For example, positive emotions have been theorized to contribute to long-term physiological well-being such as improved immune system function, decreased risks of heart disease, and greater longevity (Tugade, Fredrickson, & Barrett, 2004). Because of this need for balance, emotion regulation is a dynamic and fluid process that allows us to manage our responses to different kinds of situations in our lives.
Global Registration of Range Scans with Match Tolerance Verification

Surface registration is the process of identifying correspondences between points on multiple surfaces and estimating an aligning transformation of one surface to the other so that corresponding surface patches overlap. Several approaches exist that identify salient points on the surface and extract a local descriptor of the neighborhood of those points. Correspondences are then found by comparing the descriptors. Global registration, however, aims at aligning surfaces using knowledge over the whole area of overlap. Registration of range scans has seen a lot of research since the advent of commodity range scanners like the Microsoft KinectTM. An object can be captured from multiple perspectives and the scans can be registered to reconstruct the whole virtual object. Another usage can be found in the fields of augmented reality or robotics, where range scans are used to locate the camera within a reference scene. A lot of work has been conducted on surface registration, both local and global. We propose an algorithm for registration of range scans that, other than what we found in the literature, provides an aligning transformation only if such a transformation exists within a certain tolerance. Similar to many approaches, we first identify salient feature points on the surface and build a global descriptor that incorporates the spatial relation between feature points. Using the error model of the capture device, we build a tolerance model for acceptable aligning transformations. We applied our algorithm to range scans of objects of different types and evaluated its registration capabilities. Additionally, we registered range scans made with the Microsoft KinectTM v2 using our algorithm and evaluated its applicability. Furthermore, we compared our approach to a state-of-the-art algorithm in global registration to see whether it is able to decide on whether an aligning transformation exists.
Spontaneous oscillations, beating patterns, and hydrodynamics of active microfilaments

Cilia and flagella are ubiquitous in nature and are known to help in transport and swimming at the cellular scale by performing oscillations. Fundamental to these periodic waveforms is the core internal structure of the filaments known as the axoneme, consisting of an array of microtubule doublets, protein linkers, and dynein motors. In the presence of ATP, the collective action of the molecular motors drives internal sliding motions that are converted to spontaneous oscillations by a mechanism that still remains elusive. A sliding controlled axonemal feedback mechanism has recently been proposed and explored in the limit of small deformations, where it was shown to result in nonlinear amplitude selection through a mechanical regulation of dynein kinetics. Here, we build on that model to derive a more complete set of planar nonlinear governing equations that retains all the geometric nonlinearities, incorporates intrinsic biochemical noise and accounts for long-range, nonlocal hydrodynamic interactions. For a clamped filament, motor activity drives a Hopf bifurcation leading to traveling wave solutions that propagate from tip to base, in agreement with previous weakly nonlinear studies. Quite remarkably, our results demonstrate the existence of a second transition far from equilibrium, where nonlinearities cause a reversal in the direction of wave propagation and produce a variety of waveforms that resemble the beating patterns of swimming spermatozoa. We further extend the model to account for asymmetric ciliary beats and also allow for generalized dynein regulation mechanisms that can qualitatively reproduce Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagellar dynamics. In the spirit of dimensional reduction, limit cycle representations are obtained for various waveforms and highlight the role of biochemical noise. We also analyze the velocity fields generated by the filaments and apply principal component analysis to derive low-order flow representations in terms of fundamental Stokes singularities that could be of use for constructing minimal models of swimming microorganisms.
Cumulative Effects in Differential Argument Encoding and Long-Distance Extraction : Local Conjunction vs . Harmonic Grammar

Only few grammatical theories can faithfully incorporate cumulative effects. In optimality theory, two different means have been suggested to account for cumulativity of constraint interaction, viz., local constraint conjunction and harmonic grammar. The present paper considers cumulative effects in morphology (with differential argument encoding) and syntax (with long-distance extraction) and shows that existing analyses in terms of local constraint conjunction cannot be transferred to harmonic grammar analyses: Whereas cumulative constraint interaction can be selectively switched off in local conjunction analyses, this is impossible for principled reasons in harmonic grammar analyses. Consequently, even though harmonic grammar is explicitly designed to capture cumulative effects, it turns out that this approach is systematically unable to derive a certain kind of cumulativity because it cannot prevent unwanted concurrent cumulative interaction.
Task-Based Semantic Evaluation of Parse Tree Discontinuity

Task-Based Semantic Evaluation of Parse Tree Discontinuity by Stijn de Gooijer The concept of discontinuity has historically been addressed in parsing frameworks in a number of different ways. Some parsing frameworks produce discontinuous parse trees, while others rely on feature passing in continuous parse trees in order to account for discontinuity. In this research, we evaluate the influence of discontinuity by comparing continuous and discontinuous parse trees. We explore two methods of task-based evaluation, one based on dynamic semantics and one based on tree-based neural networks, of which the latter seems most capable of evaluating parse tree discontinuity. We end up running two semantic classification tasks: sentiment analysis and question classification. A tree-based long short-term memory model is trained based on discontinuous parse trees, as well as based on continuous parse trees. Classification accuracy is then compared to a baseline of left-branching parse trees and to each other. We find that in the sentiment analysis task, the discontinuous model has the advantage on the part of the dataset containing discontinuities. In the question classification task, we find that both the continuous and the discontinuous model have their strengths: the continuous model performs better on the fine classification task, while the discontinuous model performs better on the coarse classification task. We conclude that, while it is not always necessary to model discontinuity, handling discontinuity with the use of discontinuous constituents does improve semantic task performance in a number of cases.
THE PELAGIC PHASE OF PLEURONCODES PLANIPES STIMPSON ( CRUSTACEA , GALATHEIDAE ) IN THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT

The planktonic habit may be prolonged into or recur in the adults of two species of Galatheidae. Harrison Matthews (1932) uses the terms "lobster-krill" or "whale feed" in reference to these: Munida gregaria (Fabricus) of southern South America and of New Zealand, and Pleuroncodes planipes Stimpson the red or pelagic crab of California and Mexico. Both occur at times as conspicuous concentrations of apparently adult crabs on which baleen whales are known to browse (Harrison Matthews, 1932) ; in addition, the studies of Me Hugh (1952) and Alverson (1963) on the tuna Thunnus alalunga, Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus albacares have shown that Pleuroncodes is a significant food item during their summer migration into the California Current; for Thunnus the pelagic crab may form up to 85% by volume of all stomach contents from certain areas during this period.
Sharing the Initiative with 3-4 Year Old Children in Two Areas of Educational Research (Instrumental Music-Making and Telephone Discourse): Exploring Challenges and Rewards.

This paper explores the impact of limiting one's theoretical views of early childhood to deficit-based models on research designs in two areas: instrumental music-making and talking on telephones. Both research projects are described as involving populations of children in nursery school classes attached to primary schools. Both involved observation of children in independent, self-initiated activity (play with the telephone or musical instruments) and participation with the children on a one-to-one basis. Relevant equipment was placed in the nursery environment, and children were observed by regular visitors to the room. Key to the research methods and procedures used is the idea that researchers' attempts to ensure impartiality are likely to be more artificial and inhibiting to young children than they are to ensure participation. If children are allowed to initiate the research activity at its inception and retain a share of the initiative during the course of the researcher-subject exchange, children gain freedom to control its direction. When adults are responsive to children in the research process, children become more confident and demonstrate capabilities which might be masked by other research strategies. The paper contends that sharing the initiative and maintaining sensitivity in turn-taking practices is especially important to the emergence of partial understandings. Excerpts from a key passage of data from child-researcher interaction for each field of investigation are discussed to illustrate main points. (Contains 35 references.) (KB) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Sharing the initiative with 3-4 year old children in two areas of educational research (instrumental music-making and telephone discourse): exploring challenges and rewards. Paper presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, Cardiff University, 7-9th September 2000. Joint authors and presenters: Susan Young and Julia Gillen Susan Young Senior Lecturer in Music Education: Centre for Advanced Studies in Music Education University of Surrey Roehampton South lands College 80 Roehampton Lane London SW15 5 SL Tel: 020 8392 3438 Email: S.Young@roehampton.ac. uk Dr Julia Gillen Research Fellow Institute of Education Manchester Metropolitan University 799 Wilmslow Road Manchester M20 2RR Tel: 0161 247 2411 Fax: 0161 247 6353 Email: j.gillen@mmu.ac. uk U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ffice of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) X This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 319VIIVAVAdO01238 2 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)
Metal enrichment by radiation pressure in active galactic nucleus outflows – theory and observations

Outflows from active galactic nuclei may be produced by absorption of continuum radiation by UV resonance lines of abundant metal ions, as observed in broad absorption line quasars (BALQs). The radiation pressure exerted on the metal ions is coupled to the rest of the gas through Coulomb collisions of the metal ions. We calculate the photon density and gas density which allow decoupling of the metal ions from the rest of the gas. These conditions may lead to an outflow composed mostly of the metal ions. We derive a method to constrain the metals/H ratio of observed UV outflows, based on the Lyα and Si iv λλ1394, 1403 absorption profiles. We apply this method to a Sloan Digital Sky Survey sample of BALQs to derive a handful of candidate outflows with a higher than solar metal/H ratio. This mechanism can produce ultra-fast UV outflows, if a shield of the continuum source with a strong absorption edge is present.
Aerobic Epoxidation of Low-Molecular-Weight and Polymeric Olefins by a Supramolecular Manganese Porphyrin Catalyst

We report on the highly efficient epoxidation of low-molecular-weight and polymeric olefins catalyzed by a supramolecular manganese porphyrin complex using molecular oxygen as an oxidant and an aldehyde as a co-reductant. At ambient temperature and under optimized reaction conditions, the catalyst showed high activity and stereoselectivity. The efficiency of the supramolecular manganese porphyrin was higher than that of a reference porphyrin catalyst, possibly because it was more stable under the applied reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that a manganese oxo porphyrin complex may be an intermediate in the epoxidation reaction.
Monte Carlo radiation hydrodynamics: methods, tests and application to supernova Type Ia ejecta

In astrophysical systems, radiation-matter interactions are important in transferring energy and momentum between the radiation field and the surrounding material. This coupling often makes it necessary to consider the role of radiation when modelling the dynamics of astrophysical fluids. During the last few years, there have been rapid developments in the use of Monte Carlo methods for numerical radiative transfer simulations. Here, we present an approach to radiation hydrodynamics that is based on coupling Monte Carlo radiative transfer techniques with finite-volume hydrodynamical methods in an operator-split manner. In particular, we adopt an indivisible packet formalism to discretize the radiation field into an ensemble of Monte Carlo packets and employ volume-based estimators to reconstruct the radiation field characteristics. In this paper the numerical tools of this method are presented and their accuracy is verified in a series of test calculations. Finally, as a practical example, we use our approach to study the influence of the radiation-matter coupling on the homologous expansion phase and the bolometric light curve of Type Ia supernova explosions.
Stormy outlook? Domestic students' impressions of international students at an Australian University

The education of international students in Australian universities has grown significantly over recent years and Australia has the highest ratio of international students to domestic students among the major English speaking destinations popular with international students. While there is a variety of research that examines the learning experiences of international students, little research has been conducted that examines the impact that international students have on their domestic counterparts. This paper reports on research that solicits the perceived advantages and disadvantages as held by 300 domestic students who are sharing their educational experience with international students studying hospitality and tourism management. This paper identifies that there is a sizable proportion of domestic students who consider there to be too many international students on campus; that domestic and international students do not readily mix and highlights that racist incidents, while uncommon, do occur. This paper suggests that institutions wishing to increase their number of international students must take into consideration the feelings and concerns of their domestic students.