Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The braincase of Bissektipelta archibaldi — new insights into endocranial osteology, vasculature, and paleoneurobiology of ankylosaurian dinosaurs

We describe in detail three braincases of the ankylosaur Bissektipelta archibaldi from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Uzbekistan with the aid of computed tomography, segmentation, and 3D modeling. Bissektipelta archibaldi is confirmed as a valid taxon and attributed to Ankylosaurinae based on the results of a phylogenetic analysis. The topographic relationships between the elements forming the braincase are determined using a newly referred specimen with preserved sutures, which is an exceedingly rare condition for ankylosaurs. The mesethmoid appears to be a separate ossification in the newly referred specimen ZIN PH 281/16. We revise and discuss features of the neurocranial osteology in Ankylosauria and propose new diagnostic characters for a number of its subclades. We present a 3D model of the braincase vasculature of Bissektipelta and comment on vascular patterns of armored dinosaurs. A complex vascular network piercing the skull roof and the wall of the braincase is reported for ankylosaurs for the first time. We imply the presence of a lepidosaur-like dorsal head vein and the venous parietal sinus in the adductor cavity of Bissektipelta. We suggest that the presence of the dorsal head vein in dinosaurs is a plesiomorphic diapsid trait, and extant archosaur groups independently lost the vessel. A study of two complete endocranial casts of Bissektipelta allowed us to compare endocranial anatomy within Ankylosauria and infer an extremely developed sense of smell, a keen sense of hearing at lower frequencies (100–3000 Hz), and the presence of physiological mechanisms for precise temperature control of neurosensory tissues at least in derived ankylosaurids.
PHILOPATRY AND MIGRATION OF BANDED INDIANA BATS (MYOTIS SODALIS) AND EFFECTS OF RADIO TRANSMITTERS

Abstract We banded 29 adult females, 2 juveniles, and 1 adult male from a maternity colony of Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) during 1995–1998. Four banded bats were later found hibernating in caves that were separated by ≤325 km, indicating that all members of a summer colony do not hibernate or mate in the same location. We recaptured 41% of adult females (12 bats) near the initial banding site in later years, and because of this strong interannual fidelity, we recommend that resource managers reevaluate policies that allow removal of roost trees during winter. Eleven of these 12 females were radiotracked initially, but all were reproductively active and had normal body masses in subsequent years, suggesting negligible, long-term effects of the radiotracking process.
Validation of a digital tool for diagnosing mathematical proficiency

This study was aimed to validate a digital tool for diagnosing mathematical proficiency in the Number and Algebra strand of 1,504 Thai seventh-grade students. Researchers employed a multidimensional approach, an extension of the Rasch model to measure its quality. A design-based research method was adopted to create the diagnostic tool which consists of four components, namely register system, input data, process system, and diagnostic feedback report. The diagnostic framework consists of 18 tasks encompassing 11 and 7 tasks in the Mathematical Procedures Dimension and Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome dimension, respectively. The results revealed that there is internal structure evidence of validity based on the comparison of model fit and the Wright map. The results also indicated that the reliability evidence and item fit are compliant with the quality of the digital tool as shown in the analysis of standard error of measurement and infit and outfit of the items. In conclusion, the developed digital tool can diagnose seventh-grade students’ multiple mathematical proficiencies in terms of accuracy, consistency, and stability. This implies that the digital tool can provide fruitful information, particularly to those intermediate and high mathematical proficiency levels because the error for estimating proficiency in each dimension was at the lowest value for those students.
Différents modes de pénétration du Colletotrichum gloeosporioides dans les feuilles d'Hevea brasiliensis

Deux clones d'Hevea se comportent differemment en plantation quant a leur resistance aux attaques de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Une difference tres marquee de resistance est retrouvee lors de l'inoculation in vitro de conidies sur la face superieure de jeunes feuilles. Cette difference subsiste, mais moins marquee, lorsque la face inferieure, la penetration de tubes germinatifs dans des "stomates de nervures" precedemment decrits. La microscopie photonique montre chez le clone sensible le developpement important des hyphes fongiques dans les tissus parenchymateux alors que la penetration est arretee au niveau des cellules epidermiques, necrosees puis collapsees, chez le clone le plus resistant
Cardioprotective doses of thyroid hormones improve NO bioavailability in erythrocytes and increase HIF-1α expression in the heart of infarcted rats

Abstract Context Infarction leads to a decrease in NO bioavailability in the erythrocytes. Thyroid hormones (TH) present positive effects after infarction. However, there are no studies evaluating the effects of cardioprotective doses of TH in the erythrocytes after infarction. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TH in NO bioavailability and oxidative stress parameters in the erythrocytes of infarcted rats. Material and methods Wistar rats were allocated into the three groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), infarcted (AMI) and infarcted + TH (AMIT). AMIT rats received T4 and T3 for 12 days by gavage. Subsequently, the animals were evaluated by echocardiography and the LV and erythrocytes were collected. Results TH improved NO bioavailability and increased catalase activity in the erythrocytes. Besides that, TH increased HIF-1α in the heart. Conclusion TH seems to be positive for erythrocytes preventing a decrease in NO bioavailability and increasing antioxidant enzymatic defense after infarction.
Structural Transformation of The West Java Economy and Its Agriculture

The role of the agricultural sector in economic development in West Java is not only seen from the production and employment, but also from its contribution to the formation of the GRDP. However, the development of economic growth in West Java has changed from year to year, including the agricultural sector where there is a shift in the share of output value which causes a decrease in the contribution of the agricultural sector without causing a decline in the value of output from the sector. This study aims to examine the shift in the agricultural sector in the economy in West Java. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with secondary data in the form of national GDP data and West Java Province GDP according to business in 2013-2018 based on constant 2010 prices. The results of this study indicate that the growth of the agricultural sector in West Java is positively influenced by national economic growth. Growth in the agricultural sector is relatively slow and has no competitive advantage, with a change rate of 2.80 percent. In addition, the agricultural sector in West Java also does not specialize in location effects, except in the food crops and horticulture subsectors.
Patient-Level Factors Associated With Lack of Health Care Provider Recommendation for the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Among Young Cancer Survivors.

PURPOSE Young cancer survivors are at increased risk for morbidities related to infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), yet their HPV vaccine initiation rates remain low. Patient-/parent-reported lack of health care provider recommendation for HPV vaccination is strongly associated with vaccine noninitiation. We aimed to identify patient-level factors associated with survivor-/parent-reported lack of provider recommendation for HPV vaccination among young cancer survivors. METHODS Cancer survivors ages 9-26 years and 1-5 years off therapy completed a cross-sectional survey (parent-completed for survivors 9-17 years of age). Lack of health care provider HPV vaccine recommendation was the outcome of interest in a multivariable logistic regression model that included relevant patient-level sociodemographic, clinical, and vaccine-related variables. RESULTS Of 955 survivors, 54% were male, 66% were non-Hispanic White, and 36% had leukemia. At survey participation, survivors were an average age (± standard deviation) of 16.3 ± 4.7 years and 32.8 ± 14.7 months off therapy. Lack of provider HPV vaccine recommendation was reported by 73% (95% CI, 70% to 75%) of survivors. For the entire cohort, patient-level factors associated with lack of reported provider recommendation included perceived lack of insurance coverage for the HPV vaccine (odds ratio [OR], 4.0; 95% CI, 2.7 to 5.9; P < .001), male sex (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.9 to 4.0; P < .001), and decreased parent-survivor communication regarding HPV vaccination (OR, 1.7 per unit decrease in score; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.2; P < .001). In the sex- and age-stratified models, perceived lack of insurance coverage (all models) and male sex (age-stratified models) were also significantly associated with lack of reported provider recommendation. CONCLUSION We identified factors characterizing survivors at risk for not reporting receipt of a health care provider HPV vaccine recommendation. Future research is needed to develop interventions that facilitate effective provider recommendations for HPV vaccination among all young cancer survivors.
Resource Aware Bagging Cluster Based Robust Linear Regression Analysis for Sensed Target Object Detection in Wsn

: Target object detection is one of key problem to be resolved in wireless sensor networks (WSN) as it attains great attention. Target detection in WSN is a difficult process. Because sensor nodes contain limited battery power, high mobility of nodes and unpredictable environments, etc. For target object detection, few research works have been introduced in WSN. However, the target detection accuracy was not enough. To overcome such existing issues, Bagging Mean-shift Cluster-Based Robust Linear Regression (BMC-RLR) technique is proposed. Initially, numbers of sensor nodes are arbitrarily deployed in WSN.Next, BMC-RLR technique employs bagging clustering technique i.e. Resource Aware Mean-shift Bagging Cluster (RAMBC) that builds ‘ 𝑛 ’ number of weak mean shift clusters for each input numbers of sensor nodes. Then, RAMBC in BMC-RLR technique combines all mean shift clusters by applying a voting scheme and thereby designs a strong cluster with minimal error. By using a strong cluster, the sensor nodes are grouped into various clusters with higher accuracy. In BMC-RLR Technique, the sensor node with higher residual energy is selected as cluster head (CH) to carry out resource aware data aggregation and target object discovery. CH collects data of target objects and broadcast to sink node. Sink node forwards sensed data to the base station where it employs Robust Linear Regression Analysis (RLRA) in order to accurately discover the target objects within the network. This helps for BMC-RLR technique to increases the TDA in WSN. Simulation of BMC-RLR technique is conducted with metrics namely TDA, target detection time (TDT), error rate (ER) and energy consumption (EC) with number of sensor nodes.
The Other Side of Through: Young Breast Cancer Survivors’ Spectrum of Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs

The long-term reproductive health impact of cancer treatments is a concern for premenopausal women with a history of breast cancer. This study examined the unmet sexual and reproductive health needs of breast cancer survivors, as well as concordances and discordances in needs by childbearing status and race. We interviewed 17 women diagnosed with breast cancer between the ages of 18 and 45 years and living in North Carolina. To analyze these data, we used the Sort and Sift, Think and Shift© method, a multidimensional qualitative analysis approach. We learned that breast cancer survivors (a) received limited reproductive health information, (b) desired realistic expectations of conceiving postcancer, (c) struggled with adjusting to their altered physical appearance, and (d) had menopause symptoms that led to sexual health and quality of life issues. Breast cancer survivors are in need of and desire more education and resources to address their sexual and reproductive health concerns.
In vitro evaluation of the effects of some plant essential oils on Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood

ABSTRACT Paenibacillus larvae is one of the major bacterial pathogens of honey bee broods and the causative agent of American foulbrood disease. The factors responsible for the pathogenesis of American foulbrood disease are still not fully understood, and the increasing resistance of P. larvae to commonly used antibiotics necessitates a search for new agents to control this disease. The in vitro antibacterial activities of 28 plant essential oils against P. larvae ATCC 9545 were evaluated. Out of the 28 plant essential oils tested, 20 were found to be effective in killing P. larvae. Based on their minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, the effective oils were grouped into three categories: highly effective, moderately effective and minimally effective. Jamaica pepper oil, mountain pepper oil, ajwain oil, corn mint oil, spearmint oil, star anise oil, nutmeg oil and camphor oil were highly effective, with MBC values between 162.0 and 375.0 µg/mL. Jamaica pepper oil was the most effective essential oil, with an MBC value of 162.0 µg/mL. The results of the time-response effect assays showed that no viable P. larvae cells were observed after 24 h of treatment with Jamaica pepper oil (162.0 µg/mL), 36 h of treatment with mountain pepper oil (186.0 µg/mL), 48 h of treatment with ajwain oil (224.8 µg/mL) or 48 h of treatment with oxytetracycline (5.89 µg/mL). The tested essential oils exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against P. larvae, and they may contain compounds that could play an important role in the treatment or prevention of American foulbrood disease.
Isolation of Leptospira serovar Pomona from a crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata, L., 1758)

Abstract Pathogenic Leptospira is widespread in rodents, the most studied reservoir and the main hosts involved in its transmission. In Italy, among rodents, Hystrix cristata (crested porcupine) is the largest species and it is distributed all over the country. In this paper, the isolation and characterization of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from the kidney of H. cristata is reported for the first time. During Autumn 2018, Leptospira detection by real‐time PCR and isolation were performed from kidneys of two died female porcupines (an adult and a porcupette). Only for porcupette kidney sample, real‐time PCR for pathogenic Leptospira tested positive. The isolated strain was identified as Leptospira interrogans serogroup Pomona serovar Pomona, using the three schemes of multilocus sequence typing. The results show that H. cristata could be a Leptospira host. The infection of serovars Pomona could be related to the habitat shared with wild boar, a typical reservoir host for this serovar.
Cross-protection of a live-attenuated Flavobacterium psychrophilum immersion vaccine against novel Flavobacterium spp. and Chryseobacterium spp. strains.

For salmonid producers, a common threat is Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Recent advancements in bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) management include the development of a live-attenuated immersion vaccine that cross-protects against an array of F. psychrophilum strains. Emerging family Flavobacteriaceae cases associated with clinical disease have been increasing, including pathogenic isolates of Flavobacterium spp. and Chryseobacterium spp. The cross-protective ability of a live-attenuated F. psychrophilum vaccine was determined against three virulent Flavobacteriaceae isolates. Juvenile rainbow trout were vaccinated, developed high F. psychrophilum-specific antibody titres and were challenged with Chryseobacterium spp. isolates (S25 and T28), a Flavobacterium sp. (S21) isolate, a mixed combination of S21:S25:T28, and a standard virulent F. psychrophilum CSF259-93 strain. Results demonstrated strong protection in the CSF259-93 vaccinated group (relative per cent survival (RPS)=94.44%) when compared to the relevant CSF259-93 controls (p < .001). Protection was also observed for vaccinated fish challenged with the S21:S25:T28 mix (RPS = 85.18%; p < .001). However, protection was not observed with the S21, S25 or T28 isolates alone. Analysis of whole-cell lysates revealed differences in protein banding by SDS-PAGE, but conserved antigenic regions by Western blot in S25 and T28. Results demonstrate that this live-attenuated vaccine provided protection against mixed flavobacterial infection and suggest further benefits against flavobacteriosis.
Ultrastructure of Cytophaga johnsonae and C. aquatilis by Freeze-etching

SUMMARY: Cytophaga johnsonae and C. aquatilis (ATCC 29551), examined by frozen-surface replica and freeze-etch techniques, displayed undulated and particulated surfaces. They produced copious amounts of extracellular slime when cultured. Cytophaga aquatilis contained large, complex mesosomes in freeze-etched cells whereas C. johnsonae contained none. In non-cryoprotected freeze-etch preparations, C. aquatilis contained two major fracture planes whereas the C. johnsonae cell envelope fractured in three distinct planes. Linear fibres, such as the peripheral fibrils previously described in Flexibacter columnaris, were not observed in the outer membrane of freeze-etched C. aquatilis. Cytophaga johnsonae contained periplasmic linear fibrils; however, these appeared to be associated with the outer surface of the cytoplasmic membrane or an intermediate layer and not with peripheral fibrils.
Hostile and benevolent sexism: The differential roles of human supremacy beliefs, women’s connection to nature, and the dehumanization of women

Scholars have long argued that sexism is partly rooted in dominance motives over animals and nature, with women being perceived as more animal-like and more closely connected to nature than men. Yet systematic research investigating these associations is currently lacking. Five studies (N = 2,409) consistently show that stronger beliefs in human supremacy over animals and nature were related to heightened hostile and benevolent sexism. Furthermore, perceiving women as more closely connected to nature than men was particularly associated with higher benevolent sexism, whereas subtle dehumanization of women was uniquely associated with higher hostile sexism. Blatant dehumanization predicted both types of sexism. Studies 3 and 4 highlight the roles of social dominance orientation and benevolent beliefs about nature underpinning these associations, while Study 5 demonstrates the implications for individuals’ acceptance of rape myths and policies restricting pregnant women’s freedom. Taken together, our findings reveal the psychological connections between gender relations and human–animal relations.
Insecticidal activity of essential oils on Aedes aegypti larvae

The insecticidal activity of essential oils from 52 Bolivian plant species has been evaluated on Aedes aegypti larvae. The active components of essential oils showing an interesting larvicidal effect have been studied. The monoterpenes E‐anethol and E‐nerolidol were found to be the active principles of the most toxic essential oils. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) of some essential oils, E‐anethol, E‐nerolidol and a reference insecticide (Temephos) are given. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cultivar and Canopy Position Effects on Seasonal Development of Vegetative Spurs of Apple

Vegetative (nonflowering) spur characteristics of 'Granny Smith', 'Lawspur Rome', and 'Redchief Delicious' apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) at two canopy posi- tions (1 and 2 m heights) were examined on eight dates throughout a growing season. 'Granny Smith' had a greater leaf number/spur (LNO/SP) at each date than 'Rome' and 'Delicious'. Area/leaf (LA) and dry weight/leaf (LDW) for 'Delicious' were sub- stantially less than for 'Granny Smith' and 'Rome'. Area/leaf increased rapidly after full bloom (FB) until FB + 21 days for 'Delicious', FB + 35 for 'Granny Smith', and FB + 56 for 'Rome', after which no further changes occurred. For each cultivar, leaf area/spur (LAMP) and leaf dry weight/spur (LDW/SP) increased rapidly from FB until FB + 35 days and then more gradually until FB + 104 days. From FB + 21 onward, 'Granny Smith' had greater LA/SP and LDW/SP than 'Rome', which, in turn, was greater than for 'Delicious'. At harvest (FB + 160), LA/SP was 2.5-fold greater for 'Granny Smith' and 1.7-fold greater for 'Rome' than for 'Delicious'. Cultivar differ- ences for leaf dry weight/leaf area (LDW/LA) were small and canopy position differ- ences were large. LDW/LA declined from 7 days before FB to FB + 7, then gradually increased to the end of the season. Dry weight of the vegetative spur buds (with leaves removed) was lower for 'Delicious' than for 'Rome' or 'Granny Smith'. Total spur dry weight (bud + leaves) was, from FB + 21 onward, greatest for 'Granny Smith', intermediate for 'Rome', and lowest for 'Delicious'.
Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum -lactamase and Metallo -lactamase production by Gram negative uropathogens after exposure to gamma radiation

Eighty-five uropathogen isolates were collected and differentiated on the basis of their Gram stain reaction. Among the collected isolates, 25 (29.4%) were Gram positive cocci and 60 (70.6%) were Gram negative bacilli. Antibiotic susceptibility profile towards 15 different antibiotics concluded that impenime (IMP), amikacin (AK) and Pipperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) were the most effective against Gram negative; while linezolid (LZD), and vancomycin (VA) were the most potent against Gram positive. The highly drug resistant isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae using 16srRNA; the two strains were subjected to different doses of gamma-radiation and the sub lethal dose of both strains was 5.0 kGy. The D10 values were recorded (1.2 and 1.1 kGy) for P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae), respectively. In addition, gamma-irradiation technique decreases the resistance of K. pneumoniae towards IMP and the resistance of P. aeruginosa towards more than one antibiotic (TZP, AZM and CIP). The results also, revealed that both of the tested strains had the ability to produce Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) before and after gamma-radiation but only P. aeruginosa had the ability to produce Metallo β-lactamase (MBL), that is, ESBL and MBL co-production was detected in P. aeruginosa. So, these findings must be supported by other studies on the level of genes to prove the possibility for using gamma-irradiation technique to overcome microbial drug resistance problem. Key words: Urinary tract infection, antibiotic resistance, β-lactamases, gamma radiation.