Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Universal, selective and indicated interventions for supporting mental health at the workplace: an umbrella review of meta-analyses

The current umbrella review aimed to assess and summarise evidence on universal, selective and indicated interventions for mental health at the workplace. This umbrella review forms one of the evidence reviews which were commissioned by the WHO to develop global guidelines on mental health at work. We conducted systematic searches in five bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Global Medicus Index) and included meta-analyses of randomised trials examining psychosocial, physical activity and lifestyle interventions delivered to all general workers (universal interventions), at-risk workers (selective interventions) and workers already experiencing symptoms of mental disorders (indicated interventions). We included outcomes from seven domains: symptoms of mental health conditions, positive mental health, quality of life, work-related outcomes, substance use, suicide-related outcomes and potential adverse effects. We identified 16 meta-analyses producing 66 pooled effect sizes of the examined interventions, mostly on symptoms of mental health conditions (n=43 pooled effect sizes) (eg, burnout, insomnia, stress) and positive mental health (n=15) (eg, well-being). Most of the evidence on universal, selective and indicated interventions was focused on psychosocial interventions, showing small to moderate effects across the various outcomes. Certainty levels according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) were low to very low in almost all of the examined outcomes. The results of existing meta-analyses are promising for the use of preventative and early treatment interventions in the workplace. However, the quality and certainty of the evidence were very modest, and further research on the effectiveness of these interventions is warranted.
Characteristics of Radiopharmaceutical Uptake in Primary Tumor and Metastatic Lesions of Prostate Carcinoma: Comparison of Oligometastatic with Multimetastatic Disease

Objectives: Oligometastases may generate secondary to indolent tumor biology. In this study, we investigated whether semiquantitative measures of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and gallium-68 (68Ga) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake of metastatic lesions and prostatic sites are different between oligometastatic (OM) and multimetastatic (MM) disease of prostate carcinoma (PC). Methods: Patients with PC, who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) from October 2012 to February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients, whose reports were consistent with metastatic diseases were selected. Patients classified as with MM or OM disease. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were calculated from metastatic lesions and the prostatic site. The median of the SUVmax results between patients with OM and MM disease were compared. Results: A totally 145 patients with a mean age of 71.46±9.26, were evaluated. In 59 of 145 patients, 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed;86 patients had gone through 68Ga PSMA PET/CT. Thirty-seven of 145 patients were OM, whereas 108 patients were MM. The median of the SUVmax of metastatic lesions in patients with OM and MM disease in the 18F-FDG group were 5.60 and 9.51, respectively. The results of the calculated median SUVmax values in OM and MM disease in the Ga-68 PSMA group were 13.44 and 29.84, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the median SUVmax results of metastatic lesions between OM and MM disease (p<0.05). Median values of SUVmax calculated from the prostatic site in OM and MM disease were 7.83 and 12.29 respectively in 18F-FDG; 26.23 and 26.74 in the 68Ga PSMA group. No significant difference was found in the SUVmax results of the prostatic site between OM and MM disease (p>0.05). Conclusion: SUVmax results of metastatic lesions are significantly higher in patients with MM than in patients with OM disease in patients with PC, which may be secondary to their different biological contents in terms of aggressiveness.
Experiments on the low-speed flow past cones

The wake behind a cone in incompressible flow has the form of a closed bubble. Measurements of velocity, turbulence and static pressure for various cone angles show that the wakes are all essentially similar. A wake Strouhal number may be defined, which is the same for all the models. A disk may be treated as a cone of 180° vertex angle.
Advanced Solar Polarimetry—Theory, Observation, and Instrumentation: The 20th NSO/Sacramento Peak Summer Workshop

Solar activity and variability are driven and controlled by magnetic ﬁelds, and polarimetry analysis of the polarization state of light from the Sun induced by the presence of magnetic ﬁelds in the solar atmosphere is one of the most important tools for obtaining information on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes on the Sun.
Foreign accented speech: Encoding and generalization

Speech produced by a non‐native talker of a language is influenced by the talkers native language, and the result is Foreign accented speech (FAS). Previous research regarding talker variability and normalization has found that indexical talker characteristics are encoded into memory along with phonetic information, and implicitly helps subsequent speech perception. Are the overarching properties of FAS encoded in the same manner? The current study explores what talker information is encoded into memory, and how learned talker qualities improve subsequent speech recognition. Listeners were exposed to one speaker for four experimental sessions via a battery of tests measuring speech intelligibility. On the fifth day, listeners were given a post‐test in signal correlated noise which measured speech intelligibility for either the talker they had been trained on, a similarly accented talker, or a talker with a different, unrelated accent. Three control groups received only the post‐tests. In sentential, expos.
Inviscid spatial stability of a compressible mixing layer

We present the results of the inviscid spatial stability of a parallel compressible mixing layer. The parameters of this study are the Mach number of the moving stream, the ratio of the temperature of the stationary stream to that of the moving stream, the frequency, and the direction of propagation of the disturbance wave. Stability characteristics of the flow as a function of these parameters are given. It is shown that if the Mach number exceeds a critical value there are always two groups of unstable waves. One of these groups is fast with phase speeds greater than ½ and is supersonic with respect to the stationary stream. The other is slow with phase speeds less than ½ and supersonic with respect to the moving stream. Phase speeds for the neutral and unstable modes are given, as well as growth rates for the unstable modes. Finally, we show that three-dimensional modes have the same general behaviour as the two-dimensional modes but with higher growth rates over some range of propagation direction.
Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports Using Random Forests and Simulated Annealing to Predict Probabilities of Election to the Baseball Hall of Fame

A popular topic of argument among baseball fans is the prospective Hall of Fame status of current and recently retired players. A player's probability of enshrinement is likely to be affected by a large number of different variables, and can be approached by machine learning methods. In particular, I consider the use of random forests for this purpose. A random forest may be considered a black-box method for predicting the probability of Hall of Fame induction, but a number of parameters must be chosen before the forest can be grown. These parameters include fundamental aspects of the nuts and bolts of the construction of the trees that make up the forest, as well as choices among possible predictor variables. For example, one predictor that may be considered is a measure of the player's having seasons with many home runs hit, and there are multiple competing ways of measuring this. Furthermore, certain deterministic methods of searching the parameter space are partially undermined by the randomness underlying the forest's construction and the fact that, by sheer luck, two forests constructed with the same parameters may have differing qualities of fit. Using simulated annealing, I move through the parameter space in a stochastic fashion, trying many forests and sometimes moving toward a set of parameters even though its fit is apparently not as good as preceding ones. Since probabilities defined based on the votes of terminal nodes of a random forest for classification tend to be too moderate, the results of each forest considered are fed into a logistic regression to produce final probability estimates. From among four simulated annealing runs, the forest with the smallest mean squared error was selected, and analysis of the forests near it in the simulated annealing run indicate that its selection was probably not due to extraordinary "luck. " Predictions performed using the out-of-bag samples correctly identify 75% of Baseball Writers Association of America Hall of Fame selections, while misclassifying only 1% of non-selections. Results indicate a smaller mean squared error than a previous neural network approach, although the large number of forests tried and discarded raised concerns about overfitting in this case.
AN IMPROVEMENT TO THE SSF MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF LIGHT PARTICLE DISPERSION

This study investigates the predicted motion of small, light particles using the stochastic separated flow models proposed by Shuen et al. (1983) and Lightstone and Raithby (1998). Model predictions are compared to the benchmark experiment of Snyder and Lumley (1971) for particles released from a point source in grid-generated turbulence. It is found that the predictions of particle velocity variance and dispersion exhibit nonphysical waves. This behavior is explored in order to understand its mathematical basis arising from the model formulation. A modification to the model is presented. The modified model is successful in removing the characteristic waves.
Note on differential operators with a purely continuous spectrum

which has a purely continuous spectrum. The novelty of the example lies in the relatively weak assumptions on the potential q. Thus, in the case p = r = 1, one need not assume that q is integrable at infinity -compare [2, Chapter 9, Problem 4]-but it is sufficient to assume q to be monotonically decreasing. In this note a similar theorem is given which holds in any number of dimensions. The proof, which applies to Kreith's case also, shows that the nonexistence of eigenfunctions may be ascribed to two different reasons depending on the asymptotic behavior of q(x). In one simple case it is due to the boundary condition while in the other, and more important, case it is a consequence of the behavior of q at infinity. For simplicity the proof is restricted to the case of Schroedinger's equation in three dimensions, defined in the exterior X of a closed smooth surface P. Hence, we consider the eigenvalue problem,
The Life of the Cosmos

In The Life of the Cosmos, Lee Smolin offers a theory of the universe that is radically different from anything proposed before. He argues that 'The underlying structure of our world is to be found in the logic of evolution'. He departs from contemporary physicists to explore the idea that the laws of nature we observe may be the partial result a process of natural selection that occurred before the Big Bang.
MULTIVARIATE AUTOREGRESSION OF ORDER ONE WITH INFINITE VARIANCE INNOVATIONS

We consider the limiting behavior of a vector autoregressive model of order one (VAR(1)) with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) innovations vector with dependent components in the domain of attraction of a multivariate stable law with possibly different indices of stability. It is shown that in some cases the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimates are inconsistent. This inconsistency basically originates from the fact that each coordinate of the partial sum processes of dependent i.i. d. vectors of innovations in the domain of attraction of stable laws needs a different normalizer to converge to a limiting process. It is also revealed that certain M-estimates, with some regularity conditions, as an appropriate alternative, not only resolve inconsistency of the OLS estimates but also give higher consistency rates in all cases.
Light emitting nanocrystalline silicon prepared by dry processing: The effect of crystallite size

A new technique for the preparation of light emitting nanocrystalline (nc) silicon by a combination of plasma chemical vapor deposition and post‐treatment consisting of oxidation and annealing in forming gas is reported. The advantage of this processing consists in the possibility of a control of the crystallite size and the fraction of nc‐Si in the film. A strong increase of the photoluminescence below 35 A, as predicted by theory, is documented experimentally.
Pulsational constraints to the metallicity gradient in the Galactic disk

BVI data of Galactic Cepheids observed in the solar neighborhood and in the outer disk are analyzed on the basis of nonlinear, non-local and time-dependent convective pulsating models computed for different assumptions on the chemical composition. We show that the theoretical color-color, period-luminosity, and period-luminosity-color relations, as predicted by the models with varying metal content, provide the way to simultaneously estimate the true distance modulus μ0 and the metal content Z of each individual variable. On this basis, we estimate that the metallicity distribution of Cepheids with Galactocentric distances d from ∼6 to ∼19 kpc can be represented by a linear gradient of −0.05 ± 0.01 dex kpc−1, which is close to previous empirical determinations based on Cepheids, Planetary Nebulae and HII regions. However, our results are not excluding a different scenario, such as a two-zone model with a discontinuity in metallicity near d = 10 kpc (see Twarog et al.
Luminescence-based screening for extracellular vesicle release modulators reveals a role for PI4KIIIβ in exosome biogenesis upon lysosome inhibition

Dysregulated extracellular vesicle (EV) release has been implicated in various pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative disease and osteoarthritis. Despite clear therapeutic potential, drug screening for EV release modulators has yielded limited success due to the lack of a sensitive and scalable EV read-out system. Here, we employed CRISPR-Cas9 to engineer HEK293 cells expressing HA-NanoLuciferase-(NL)-tagged endogenous CD63. We found that under basal culture conditions, CD63-containing EVs are released via a mechanism that is independent of the exocytic SNARE protein SNAP23, presumably by direct budding from the plasma membrane. Endo-lysosome inhibition by chemical or genetic perturbation of vATPase strongly increased SNAP23 and nSmase2-dependent exosome secretion from intracellular compartments. Proteomic analysis revealed these exosomes are enriched for early- and late endosomal markers, but also for autophagosomal proteins. This suggests that a proportion of these exosomes originate from amphisomes, although chemical inhibition of canonical autophagy did not affect exosome secretion upon lysosome inhibition. Using a broad- spectrum kinase inhibitor screen, we identified and subsequently validated the lipid kinase PI4KIIIβ as a critical mediator of exosome secretion and amphisome-mediated secretory autophagy, upon lysosome inhibition. We conclude that tagging of endogenous CD63 with NanoLuciferase represents a sensitive, scalable reporter strategy that enables identification of (druggable) modulators of EV biogenesis and release under physiological and pathological conditions.
HilE represses the activity of HilD via a mechanism distinct from that of intestinal long-chain fatty acids

The expression of virulence factors essential for the invasion of host cells by Salmonella enterica is tightly controlled by a network of transcription regulators. The AraC/XylS transcription factor HilD is the main integration point of environmental signals into this regulatory network, with many factors affecting HilD activity. Long chain fatty acids (LCFAs), which are highly abundant throughout the host intestine directly bind to, and repress HilD, acting as environmental cues to coordinate virulence gene expression. The regulatory protein HilE also negatively regulates HilD activity, through a protein-protein interaction. Both of these regulators inhibit HilD dimerisation, preventing HilD from binding to target DNA. We investigated the structural basis of these mechanisms of HilD repression. LCFAs bind to a conserved pocket in HilD, in a comparable manner to that reported for other AraC/XylS regulators, whereas HilE forms a stable heterodimer with HilD by binding to the HilD dimerisation interface. Our results highlight two distinct mechanisms by which HilD activity is repressed, which could be exploited for the development of new antivirulence leads.
The La Crosse virus class II fusion glycoprotein ij loop contributes to infectivity and cholesterol-dependent entry

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are an emerging and evolving global public health threat with little to no antiviral treatments. La Crosse virus (LACV) from the Bunyavirales order is responsible for pediatric encephalitis cases in the United States, yet little is known about the infectivity of LACV. Given the structural similarities between class II fusion glycoproteins of LACV and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family, we hypothesized that LACV would share similar entry mechanisms to CHIKV. To test this hypothesis, we performed cholesterol-depletion and repletion assays and used cholesterol modulating compounds to study LACV entry and replication. We found that LACV entry was cholesterol-dependent while replication was less affected by cholesterol manipulation. In addition, we generated single point mutants in the LACV ij loop that corresponded to known CHIKV residues important for virus entry. We found that a conserved histidine and alanine residue in the Gc ij loop impaired virus infectivity and attenuate LACV in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we took an evolution-based approach to explore how the LACV glycoprotein evolution in mosquitoes and mice. We found multiple variants that cluster in the Gc glycoprotein head domain, supporting the Gc glycoprotein as a target for LACV adaptation. Together, these results begin to characterize the mechanisms of LACV infectivity and how the LACV glycoprotein contributes to infectivity and pathogenesis. Importance Vector-borne arboviruses are significant health threats leading to devastating disease worldwide. This emergence and the fact that there are little to no vaccines or antivirals targeting these viruses highlights the need to study how arboviruses replicate at the molecular level. One potential antiviral target is the class II fusion glycoprotein. Alphaviruses, flaviviruses, and bunyaviruses encode a class II fusion glycoprotein that contain strong structural similarities in the tip of domain II. Here we show that the bunyavirus La Crosse virus uses similar mechanisms to entry as the alphavirus chikungunya virus and residues in the ij loop are important for virus infectivity. These studies show that genetically diverse viruses use similar mechanisms through concerned structure domains, suggesting these may be a target for broad-spectrum antivirals to multiple arbovirus families.
A Simplicial Algorithm for Computing Robust Stationary Points of a Continuous Function on the Unit Simplex

A simplicial algorithm is proposed to compute a robust stationary point of a continuous function $f$ from the $(n-1)$-dimensional unit simplex $S^{n-1}$ into $R^{n}$. The concept of robust stationary point is a refinement of the concept of stationary point of $f$ on $S^{n-1}$. Starting from an arbitrarily chosen interior point $v$ in $S^{n-1}$, the algorithm generates a piecewise linear path of points in $S^{n-1}$. This path is followed by alternating linear programming pivot steps and replacement steps in a specific simplicial subdivision of the relative interior of $S^{n-1}$. In this way an approximate robust stationary point of any a priori chosen accuracy is reached within a finite number of steps. The algorithm leaves the starting point along one out of $n! $ rays. When the path approaches the boundary of $S^{n-1}$, the mesh size of the triangulation along the path automatically goes to zero. This makes the algorithm different from all simplicial restart algorithms and homotopy algorithms known so far. Roughly speaking, the algorithm is a blend of a restart and a homotopy algorithm and maintains the basic properties of both. However, the algorithm does not need an extra dimension as homotopy algorithms do. Some examples are discussed.
Balancing grain yield trade-offs in ‘Miracle-Wheat’

Introducing variations in inflorescence architecture, such as the ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (Triticum turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat. ) with a branching spike, has relevance for enhancing wheat grain yield. However, in the spike-branching genotypes, the increase in spikelet number is generally not translated into grain yield advantage because of reduced grains per spikelet and grain weight. Here, we investigated if such trade-offs might be a function of source-sink strength by using 385 RILs developed by intercrossing the spike-branching landrace TRI 984 and CIRNO C2008, an elite durum (T. durum L.) cultivar; they were genotyped using the 25K array. Various plant and spike architectural traits, including flag leaf, peduncle and spike senescence rate, were phenotyped under field conditions for two consecutive years. On Chr 5AL, we found a new modifier QTL for spike-branching, branched headt 3 (bht-A3), which was epistatic to the previously known bht-A1 locus. Besides, bht-A3 was associated with more grains per spikelet and a delay in flag leaf senescence rate. Importantly, favourable alleles viz., bht-A3 and grain protein content (gpc-B1) that delayed senescence are required to improve grain number and grain weight in the spike-branching RILs. In summary, achieving a balanced source-sink relationship might minimise grain yield trade-offs in Miracle-Wheat. HIGHLIGHT Genetic interplay between sink number and post-anthesis source activity limits grain yield in the spike-branching ‘Miracle-Wheat’.
Mitochondrial Transport in Symmetric and Asymmetric Axons with Multiple Branching Junctions: A Computational Study

We explore the impact of multiple branching junctions in axons on the mean age of mitochondria and their age density distributions in demand sites. The study looked at mitochondrial concentration, mean age, and age density distribution in relation to the distance from the soma. We developed models for a symmetric axon containing 14 demand sites and an asymmetric axon containing 10 demand sites. We examined how the concentration of mitochondria changes when an axon splits into two branches at the branching junction. We also studied whether mitochondria concentrations in the branches are affected by what proportion of mitochondrial flux enters the upper branch and what proportion of flux enters the lower branch. Additionally, we explored whether the distributions of mitochondria mean age and age density in branching axons are affected by how the mitochondrial flux splits at the branching junction. When the mitochondrial flux is split unevenly at the branching junction of an asymmetric axon, with a greater proportion of the flux entering the longer branch, the average age of mitochondria (system age) in the axon increases. Our findings elucidate the effects of axonal branching on mitochondria age. Mitochondria aging is the focus of this study as recent research suggests it may be involved in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease.