Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syddansk Universitet Effectiveness of Optional Videoconferencing-Based Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders Randomized Controlled Trial Tarp

Background: Treatment of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is characterized by an adherence rate below 50%. Clinical research has found that patient adherence enhances treatment effect; hence, health authorities, clinicians, and researchers strive to explore initiatives contributing to patients receiving treatment. Concurrently, videoconferencing-based treatment is gaining ground within other addiction and psychiatric areas. Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether optional videoconferencing increases adherence to and effectiveness of AUD treatment in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). We hypothesized that the intervention would decrease premature dropout (the primary outcome), as well as increase successful treatment termination, treatment duration, and treatment outcome (secondary outcomes). Methods: We conducted this study in the public outpatient alcohol clinic in Odense, Denmark, between September 2012 and April 2013. It was an RCT with 2 groups: treatment as usual (TAU) and treatment as usual with add-on intervention (TAU+I). The TAU+I group had the option, from session to session, to choose to receive treatment as usual via videoconferencing. Data consisted of self-reported responses to the European version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI). We collected data at baseline, at follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months, and at discharge. Results: Among consecutive patients attending the clinic, 128 met the inclusion criteria, and 71 of them were included at baseline. For the primary outcome, after 180 days, 2 of 32 patients (6%) in the TAU+I group and 12 of 39 patients (31%) in the TAU group had dropped out prematurely. The difference is significant (P=.008). After 365 days, 8 patients (25%) in the TAU+I group and 17 patients (44%) in the TAU group had dropped out prematurely. The difference is significant (P=.02). For the secondary outcomes, significantly more patients in the TAU+I group were still attending treatment after 1 year (P=.03). We found no significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to successful treatment termination and treatment outcome. Conclusions: The results indicate that offering patients optional videoconferencing may prevent premature dropouts from treatment and prolong treatment courses. However, the small sample size precludes conclusions regarding the effect of the intervention, which was not detectable in the patients’ use of alcohol and severity of problems. Trial Registration: The Regional Health Research Ethics Committee System in Denmark: S-20110052; https://komite.regionsyddanmark. dk/wm258128 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6tTL3CO6u) (JMIR Ment Health 2017;4(3):e38) doi:10.2196/mental.6713
L -Phenylalanine Restores Vascular Function in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Through Activation of the GCH1-GFRP Complex

an of bioavailability, oxidative the demonstrate that L -phenylalanine, when tetrahydrobiopterin, superoxide, and enhances vascular function in hypertensive rats. This effect is achieved by activation of a protein complex (GCH1-GFRP) involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin. (cid:1) Activation of this protein complex by L -phenylalanine or its analogues represents a novel therapeutic target for vascular disorders underpinned by reduced bioavailability.
Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy on Functional Dyspepsia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies With 12-Month Follow-up

Background: Whether patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) should receive Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy remains controversial. Aims: This meta-analysis was to evaluate the long-term effects of H. pylori eradication on dyspeptic symptoms of patients with FD, by selecting the most recent well-designed randomized controlled trials. Methods: English-language articles in the medical literature containing information on the long-term (≥12 mo) effects of H. pylori eradication on dyspeptic symptoms in patients with FD were identified by searching the Medline, PubMed, and EMBASE databases. The MeSH and/or keywords included Helicobacter pylori OR H. pylori OR HP; functional dyspepsia OR non-ulcer dyspepsia; eradication OR cure or treatment; and improvement OR resolution. The Review Manager 4.2. 2 was used for the meta-analysis. Results: Fourteen randomized controlled studies were included in the meta-analysis. Improvements of dyspepsia symptoms in patients of eradication group were significantly better than in patients of the control group [odds ratio (OR), 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-1.62] (Z=4.00, P<0.0001) at the end of the follow-up period with low heterogeneity (I2=51.8%, P=0.01). In a subgroup analysis on geographical regions, improvements of dyspepsia symptoms in patients of eradication group were all significantly better than in patients of control group in the European (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.10-2.02), Asian (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.07-2.21), and American populations (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.12-1.83). Conclusions: H. pylori eradication therapy is associated with improvement of dyspeptic symptoms in patients with FD, which is consistently demonstrated in the Asian, European, and American populations.
Mechanism involved in insulin resistance via accumulation of β -amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles: link between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease

: The pathophysiological link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been suggested in several reports. Few findings suggest that T2DM has strong link in the development process of AD, and the complete mechanism is yet to be revealed. Formation of amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are two central hallmarks in the AD. APs are the dense composites of β -amyloid protein (A β ) which accumulates around the nerve cells. Moreover, NFTs are the twisted fibers containing hyperphosphorylated tau proteins present in certain residues of A β that build up inside the brain cells. Certain factors contribute to the aetiogenesis of AD by regulating insulin signaling pathway in the brain and accelerating the formation of neurotoxic A β and NFTs via various mechanisms, including GSK3 β , JNK, CamKII, CDK5, CK1, MARK4, PLK2, Syk, DYRK1A, PPP, and P70S6K. Progression to AD could be influenced by insulin signaling pathway that is affected due to T2DM. Interestingly, NFTs and APs lead to the impairment of several crucial cascades, such as synaptogenesis, neurotrophy, and apoptosis, which are regulated by insulin, cholesterol, and glucose metabolism. The investigation of the molecular cascades through insulin functions in brain contributes to probe and perceive progressions of diabetes to AD. This review elaborates the molecular insights that would help to further understand the potential mechanisms linking T2DM and AD.
Periodontal Dressing: A Review Article

The purpose of this paper was to review the commercially available periodontal dressings, their physical and chemical properties, biocompatibility and therapeutic effects. Electronic search of scientific papers from 1956 to 2012 was carried out using PubMed, Scopus and Wiley InterScience search engines using the searched terms periodontal dressing, periodontal pack. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated various properties of periodontal dressings. Physical and chemical properties of dressings are directly related to their dimensional changes and adhesion properties. Their biocompatibility and therapeutic effect are among the other factors evaluated in the literature. Chlorhexidine is the most commonly used antibacterial agent in studies. In general, when comparing the advantages with the disadvantages, application of periodontal dressing seems to be beneficial. Numerous factors are involved in selection of an optimal dressing such as surgeon’s intention, required time for the dressing to remain on the surgery site and its dimensional changes.
Pancreatic cancer in young adults: changes, challenges, and solutions

Despite improvements in multidisciplinary treatments, survival of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients remains dismal. Studies dealing with early onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) patients are scarce. In this review, we discuss differences between EOPC and late-onset pancreatic cancer based on findings in original papers and reviews with a focus on morphology, genetics, clinical outcomes and therapy. In conclusion, families with a positive history of PC and patients with BRCA 1 or 2 mutations should be monitored. Patients with EOPC usually present with better overall fitness compared to the average PC population, however often with even more aggressive cancer behaviour. Therefore, potent state-of-the-art multi-modal systemic therapies should be applied whenever possible. Large-scale registries and randomized clinical trials dealing with EOPC in regard to distinct biology and outcome are warranted.
Invisible Force: Farmers' Mental Models and How They Influence Learning and Actions

The ways in which farmers put their visions into action are indicative of their mental models of farming. This qualitative study explored the nature of mental models of farming and their role in farming practices among a sample of small farm operators. Three themes emerged in the data indicating that farmers' mental models of farming are influenced by prior values and knowledge, serve as guides in learning and decision-making, and are unique to each farmer. Educators who consider the mental models of farmers are more likely to succeed in supporting farmers' development of new knowledge and skills.
High-intensity high-volume swimming induces more robust signaling through PGC-1 and AMPK activation than sprint interval swimming in m.

We aimed to test whether high-intensity high-volume training (HIHVT) swimming would induce more robust signaling than sprint interval training (SIT) swimming within the m . triceps brachii due to lower metabolic and oxidation. Nine well-trained swimmers performed the two training procedures on separate randomized days. Muscle biopsies from m . triceps brachii and blood samples were collected at three different time points: a) before the inter-vention (pre), b) immediately after the swimming procedures (post) and c) after 3 h of rest (3 h). Hydroperoxides, creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were quantified from blood samples, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1 α ) and the AMPK pTHR172 /AMPK ratio were quantified by Western blot analysis. PGC-1 α , sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), superoxide-dismutase 2 (SOD2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA Immunoreactive signals were enhanced chemiluminescence and the membranes were digitally imaged and quantified through densitometry using ImageJ soft-ware. The results are represented as the Fc in expression relative to the control. The graph shows a representative crop blot.
Multivariate meta-analysis using individual participant data

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Taxonomic and functional metagenomic profiling of the microbial 2 community in the anoxic sediment of a sub-saline shallow lake ( Laguna 3 de Carrizo – Central Spain ) 4

Manuel Ferrer, María-Eugenia Guazzaroni, Michael Richter, Adela García-Salamanca, 5 Pablo Yarza, Ana Suárez-Suárez, Jennifer Solano, María Alcaide, Pieter van Dillewijn, M. 6 Antonia Molina-Henares, Nieves López-Cortés, Yamal Al-Ramahi, Carmen Guerrero, 7 Alejandro Acosta, Laura I. de Eugenio, Virginia Martínez, Silvia Marques, Fernando Rojo, 8 Eduardo Santero, Olga Genilloud, Julian Pérez-Pérez, Ramón Rosselló-Móra and Juan Luis 9 Ramos 10
Social communication disorder: a narrative review on current insights

: Social communication disorder (SCD) is a novel diagnosis listed under the rubric of communication disorders within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) and it is reported to be characterized by impairment in use of verbal and nonverbal communication for social aims. This review attempts to summarize the current understanding of the SCD concept along with its evolution and presents data from previous studies conducted. Suggestions for further research are also delineated. As listed in DSM-5, the criteria for this novel diagnosis are vague, display elevated comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental disorders and other childhood psychopathologies, and show partial overlap with autistic spectrum disorders both in terms of genetics and family histories. Data on cross-cultural presentations and temporal stability are also limited. The social communication model proposed by Catani and Bambini may help integrate the neurobiological findings pertaining to SCD. Valid and reliable assessment methods need to be developed for SCD. This may involve either development of novel instruments capturing the DSM-5 criteria or application of statistical methods such as item response theory to existing instruments. The relationships between broad autism phenotype, pragmatic language impairment, nonverbal learning disorder, learning disorders, autistic spectrum disorders, and SCD should be evaluated with further studies.
Loss of Protein Kinase Novel 1 (PKN1) is associated with mild systolic and diastolic contractile dysfunction, increased phospholamban Thr17 phosphorylation, and exacerbated ischaemia-reperfusion injury

Abstract Aims PKN1 is a stress-responsive protein kinase acting downstream of small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac family. The aim was to determine its role in endogenous cardioprotection. Methods and results Hearts from PKN1 knockout (KO) or wild type (WT) littermate control mice were perfused in Langendorff mode and subjected to global ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R). Myocardial infarct size was doubled in PKN1 KO hearts compared to WT hearts. PKN1 was basally phosphorylated on the activation loop Thr778 PDK1 target site which was unchanged during I/R. However, phosphorylation of p42/p44-MAPK was decreased in KO hearts at baseline and during I/R. In cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVM) and NRVM transduced with kinase dead (KD) PKN1 K644R mutant subjected to simulated ischaemia/reperfusion (sI/R), PhosTag® gel analysis showed net dephosphorylation of PKN1 during sI and early R despite Thr778 phosphorylation. siRNA knockdown of PKN1 in NRVM significantly decreased cell survival and increased cell injury by sI/R which was reversed by WT- or KD-PKN1 expression. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of PKN1 in NRVM showed increased localization to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during sI. GC-MS/MS and immunoblot analysis of PKN1 immunoprecipitates following sI/R confirmed interaction with CamKIIδ. Co-translocation of PKN1 and CamKIIδ to the SR/membrane fraction during sI correlated with phospholamban (PLB) Thr17 phosphorylation. siRNA knockdown of PKN1 in NRVM resulted in increased basal CamKIIδ activation and increased PLB Thr17 phosphorylation only during sI. In vivo PLB Thr17 phosphorylation, Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2) expression and Junctophilin-2 (Jph2) expression were also basally increased in PKN1 KO hearts. Furthermore, in vivo P-V loop analysis of the beat-to-beat relationship between rate of LV pressure development or relaxation and end diastolic P (EDP) showed mild but significant systolic and diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction in PKN1 KO hearts. Conclusion Loss of PKN1 in vivo significantly reduces endogenous cardioprotection and increases myocardial infarct size following I/R injury. Cardioprotection by PKN1 is associated with reduced CamKIIδ-dependent PLB Thr17 phosphorylation at the SR and therefore may stabilize the coupling of SR Ca2+ handling and contractile function, independent of its kinase activity.
a real-world evaluation of indacaterol and other bronchodilators in COPD: the InFlOW study

effectiveness and safety of long-acting bronchodilators in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from the Middle East, Asia, and South Africa. Methods: Patients newly prescribed or switched to indacaterol or other long-acting β 2 -agonist (LABA), or tiotropium (monotherapy or in combination) were evaluated over 6 months. The primary endpoint was the clinical COPD questionnaire overall score at the end of the study. Results: Data were analyzed from 1,710 patients (mean postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second, 59% predicted) who received indacaterol (n = 1,179), other LABA (n = 68), tiotropium (n = 271), indacaterol plus tiotropium (n = 167), or other LABA plus tiotropium (n = 25). Across treatments, clinical COPD questionnaire overall score improved from baseline by 0.81–1.26 points (all P , 0.0001), 63%–84% of patients were satisfied/very satisfied, and physicians rated effectiveness as good/very good in 63%–80% of cases. The indacaterol inhaler was rated easy/very easy to use by the majority of patients, and physicians considered its use clearly understood by most patients. All treatments had acceptable tolerability. Conclusion: In real life clinical practice across a diverse region, indacaterol and other long-acting bronchodilators improved health status and were well regarded by patients and physicians.
PIP30/FAM192A is a novel regulator of the nuclear proteasome activator PA28 γ

PA28 γ is a nuclear activator of the 20S proteasome involved in the regulation of several essential cellular processes, such as cell prolif- eration, apoptosis, nuclear dynamics, and cellular stress response. Unlike the 19S regulator of the proteasome, which specifically rec- ognizes ubiquitylated proteins, PA28 γ promotes the degradation of several substrates by the proteasome in an ATP- and ubiquitin- independent manner. However, its exact mechanisms of action are unclear and likely involve additional partners that remain to be iden- tified. Here we report the identification of a cofactor of PA28 γ , PIP30/ FAM192A. PIP30 binds directly and specifically via its C-terminal end and in an interaction stabilized by casein kinase 2 phosphorylation to both free and 20S proteasome-associated PA28 γ . Its recruitment to proteasome-containing complexes depends on PA28 γ and its expression increases the association of PA28 γ with the 20S proteasome in cells. Further dissection of its possible roles shows that PIP30 alters PA28 γ -dependent activation of peptide degradation by the 20S proteasome in vitro and negatively controls in cells the presence of PA28 γ in Cajal bodies by inhibition of its association with the key Cajal body component coilin. Taken together, our data show that PIP30 deeply affects PA28 γ interactions with cellular proteins, including the 20S proteasome, demonstrating that it is an important reg- ulator of PA28 γ in cells and thus a new player in the control of the multiple functions of the proteasome within the nucleus.
hand grip strength is associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second among subjects with COPD: report from a population-based cohort study

Background: Cardiovascular diseases and skeletal muscle dysfunction are common comorbidities in COPD. Hand grip strength (HGS) is related to general muscle strength and is associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, while the results from small selected COPD populations are contradictory. The aim of this population-based study was to compare HGS among the subjects with and without COPD, to evaluate HGS in relation to COPD severity, and to evaluate the impact of heart disease. Subjects and methods: Data were collected from the Obstructive Lung disease in Northern Sweden COPD study, where the subjects with and without COPD have been invited to annual examinations since 2005. In 2009–2010, 441 subjects with COPD (postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV 1 ]/ vital capacity , 0.70) and 570 without COPD participated in structured interviews, spirometry, and measurements of HGS. Results: The mean HGS was similar when comparing subjects with and without COPD, but those with heart disease had lower HGS than those without. When compared by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grades, the subjects with GOLD 3–4 had lower HGS than those without COPD in both sexes (females 21.4 kg vs 26.9 kg, P = 0.010; males 41.5 kg vs 46.3 kg, P = 0.038), and the difference persisted also when adjusted for confounders. Among the subjects with COPD, HGS was associated with FEV 1 % of predicted value but not heart disease when adjusted for height, age, sex, and smoking habits, and the pattern was similar among males and females. Conclusion: In this population-based study, the subjects with GOLD 3–4 had lower HGS than the subjects without COPD. Among those with COPD, HGS was associated with FEV 1 % of predicted value but not heart disease, and the pattern was similar in both sexes.
Mate availability does not influence mating strategies in males of the sexually cannibalistic spider [i]Argiope bruennichi[i]

Background. Sexual selection theory predicts that male investment in a current female should be a function of female density and male competition. While many studies have focused on male competition, the impact of female density on male mating investment has been widely neglected. Here, we aimed to close this gap and tested effects of mate density on male mating decisions in the orb-web spider Argiope bruennichi. Males of this species mutilate their genitalia during copulation, which reduces sperm competition and limits their mating rate to a maximum of two females (bigyny). The mating rate is frequently further reduced by female aggression and cannibalization. Males can reduce the risk of cannibalism if they jump off the female in time, but will then transfer fewer sperm. An alternative solution of this trade-off is to copulate longer, commit self-sacrifice and secure higher minimal paternity. The selfsacrificial strategy may be adaptive if prospective mating chances are uncertain. In A. bruennichi, this uncertainty may arise from quick changes in population dynamics. Therefore, we expected that males would immediately respond to information about low or high mate availability and opt for self-sacrifice after a single copulation under low mate availability. If male survival depends on information about prospective mating chances, we further predicted that under high mate availability, we would find a higher rate of males that leave the first mating partner to follow a bigynous mating strategy.