Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TROPHIC STATUS (SPRING-SUMMER) OF THE EL CONCHALITO ESTUARY, BCS, BASED ON THE CONCENTRATION OF CHLOROPHYLL a, PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY

RESUMEN. Los sistemas de manglar, tradicionalmente han sido reportados como áreas de alta productividad primaria, capaces de exportar biomasa hacia sistemas adyacentes favoreciendo a organismos de diferentes niveles tróficos. Su complejidad como sistemas altamente productivos estriba en gran parte en la coexistencia de productores primarios tanto foto como quimiosintéticos. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el estado trófico, la eficiencia fotosintética y productividad primaria de la comunidad fitoplanctónica presente en este manglar durante la temporada primavera verano del 2016. Se realizaron muestreos quincenales durante el periodo abril a julio en los cuales se tomaron muestras para determinación de concentración de clorofila a y estimación de la productividad primaria. De igual manera se registró la temperatura ambiental y la superficial del agua, además de considerar datos de niveles de mareas. La temperatura ambiente varió entre los 21.9 y 28.5 ° C, mientras que la temperatura superficial del agua presentó valores entre 21 y 24.5 °C. Los menores niveles de marea se registraron durante el primer y segundo muestreo (50 cm), mientras que los máximos durante la tercera y cuarta fecha (120 cm). Con relación a la concentración de clorofila a, su valor mínimo fue de 2.0 mg m-3, mientras que el máximo de 4.6 mg m-3 (julio y marzo respectivamente). Durante Julio se registró el mínimo de productividad primaria (2.4 mg C m-3 h-1), mientras que el máximo durante abril con 4.9 mg C m-3 h-1. La eficiencia del proceso fotosintético presentó el mínimo durante mayo (0.79 y el máximo durante julio (1.20 mg C m-3 h-1), coincidiendo con el mínimo de productividad primaria. De acuerdo al Índice Trófico de Carlson (> 30), el Estero El Conchalito se considera una zona de productividad media.
Topology optimization of IPM motor with aid of deep learning

This paper presents a new topology optimization of interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors using the genetic algorithm with aid of the deep leaning. The data composed of the rotor shape of an IPM motor and its performance, obtained by a prior topology optimization process, is input to a convolutional neural network (CNN). After the learning process, CNN is shown to provide fairly accurate estimate of the motor performance. During the posterior topology optimization, the finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out only for the limited number of individuals; probability that FEA is performed increases with the motor performance evaluated by CNN. It is shown that the computing time is reduced to about 1/10 without deterioration of the optimization performance with aid of the deep learning.
The Sexual Behaviors Related Factors of Senior High Schools Teenagers in Bukittinggi 2017

Background: The increasing number of the teenager’s sexual behavior in Indonesia is influenced by many factors. The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with sexual behavior of Senior High Schools in Bukittinggi. Aims & Objectives: This study is aimed to determine the factors which are associated with the sexual behavior of high school teenagers in Bukittinggi. Material & Methods: This study was a correlation study with the simple random sampling of 360 adolescent. This research was conducted in February to August 2017. Data analysis uses chi-square. Results: The results of data analysis of factors related to the sexual behavior of high risk are gender (p = 0.000, OR = 0.124), knowledge (p = 0.000, OR = 0.392), attitude (p = 0.000, OR = 2.529), exposure sources information (p = 0.000, OR = 12.405) and peers (p = 0.000, OR = 8.711). Conclusion: Exposure to sources of information (p = 0.000, OR = 8.544) become the dominant factor associated with high-risk sexual behavior of teenagers high schools in the city of Bukittinggi. It is suggested to the schools to provide the student with the extra material about health and sexual behavior in any subjects related to health.
Neuropathological Mechanisms of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Perspective From Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounts for more than 80% of the total number of TBI cases. The mechanism of injury for patients with mTBI has a variety of neuropathological processes. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanism of the mTBI is unclear, which affects the early diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and prognosis evaluation. More and more multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have been applied for the diagnosis of mTBI, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and diffusion MRI (dMRI). Various imaging techniques require to be used in combination with neuroimaging examinations for patients with mTBI. The understanding of the neuropathological mechanism of mTBI has been improved based on different angles. In this review, we have summarized the application of these aforementioned multimodal MRI techniques in mTBI and evaluated its benefits and drawbacks.
Children’s beliefs concerning their school performance at the end of the first grade in Finland

ABSTRACT This study examines primary-school children’s beliefs about their school performance at the end of their first school year in Finland and feedback that they have received, and furthermore possible gender differences between these beliefs. Children from Grade 1 (N = 544), approximately 7 years old, were interviewed. The data were assessed using problem-driven content analyzis and inductive reasoning. The analyzis revealed ten categories of children’s beliefs regarding their school success and failure. The results showed that more than one-third of the children believed that they were succeeding well at school. More boys than girls mentioned that they succeeded in mathematics, and more girls than boys mentioned that they succeeded in literacy. Based on the interviews, teachers rarely gave feedback. Even less feedback was reportedly given by teachers when the children believed that they were performing poorly. Therefore, different modes of giving feedback and the way feedback is provided should be carefully considered.
Video Sparse Transformer with Attention-guided Memory for Video Object Detection

Detecting objects in a video, known as Video Object Detection (VOD), is challenging since appearance changes of objects over time may bring detection errors. Recent research has focused on aggregating features from adjacent frames to compensate for the deteriorated appearances of a frame. Moreover, using distant frames is also proposed to deal with deteriorated appearances over several frames. Since an object’s position may change significantly at a distant frame, they only use features of object candidate regions, which do not depend on their position. However, such methods rely on object candidate regions’ detection performance and are not practical for deteriorated appearances. In this paper, we enhance features element-wisely before the object candidate region detection, proposing Video Sparse Transformer with Attention-guided Memory (VSTAM). Furthermore, we propose aggregating element-wise features sparsely to reduce processing time and memory cost. In addition, we introduce an external memory update strategy based on the utilization of the aggregation to hold long-term information effectively. Our method achieved 8.3% and 11.1% accuracy gain from the baseline on ImageNet VID and UA-DETRAC datasets. Our method demonstrates superior performance against state-of-the-art results on widely used VOD datasets.
Effect of Psilocybin and Ketamine on Brain Neurotransmitters, Glutamate Receptors, DNA and Rat Behavior

Clinical studies provide evidence that ketamine and psilocybin could be used as fast-acting antidepressants, though their mechanisms and toxicity are still not fully understood. To address this issue, we have examined the effect of a single administration of ketamine and psilocybin on the extracellular levels of neurotransmitters in the rat frontal cortex and reticular nucleus of the thalamus using microdialysis. The genotoxic effect and density of glutamate receptor proteins was measured with comet assay and Western blot, respectively. An open field test, light–dark box test and forced swim test were conducted to examine rat behavior 24 h after drug administration. Ketamine (10 mg/kg) and psilocybin (2 and 10 mg/kg) increased dopamine, serotonin, glutamate and GABA extracellular levels in the frontal cortex, while psilocybin also increased GABA in the reticular nucleus of the thalamus. Oxidative DNA damage due to psilocybin was observed in the frontal cortex and from both drugs in the hippocampus. NR2A subunit levels were increased after psilocybin (10 mg/kg). Behavioral tests showed no antidepressant or anxiolytic effects, and only ketamine suppressed rat locomotor activity. The observed changes in neurotransmission might lead to genotoxicity and increased NR2A levels, while not markedly affecting animal behavior.
Hepatitis B Virus and Tuberculosis Are Associated with Increased Noncommunicable Disease Risk among Treatment-Naïve People with HIV: Opportunities for Prevention, Early Detection and Management of Comorbidities in Sierra Leone

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing public health concern in low- and middle-income countries and disproportionately affect people living with HIV (PWH). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection are presumed risk factors in endemic settings; however, supporting evidence is conflicting. We analyzed baseline data of newly diagnosed PWH prospectively enrolled in the Sierra Leone HIV Cohort Study in Freetown, Sierra Leone, from March to September 2021. Logistic regression was used to identify associations between NCDs, HBV and TB. A total of 275 PWH aged ≥18 years were studied (55% female, median age 33 years, median CD4 307 cells/mm3, 15.3% HIV/HBV, 8.7% HIV/TB). NCDs were bimodally distributed, with 1 in 4 PWH clustered around liver disease (fibrosis/cirrhosis), diabetes/prediabetes and obesity/preobesity, while 1 in 8 had renal impairment or hypertension (HTN). Overall, 41.5% had ≥1 NCD, while 17.5% were multimorbid (≥2 NCDs). After adjusting for age, sex, sociodemographic factors and CD4 count, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis was strongly associated with HBV (aOR 8.80, 95% CI [2.46–31.45]; p < 0.001) and diabetes/prediabetes (aOR 9.89, 95% CI [1.14–85.67]; p < 0.037). TB independently predicted diabetes/prediabetes (aOR 7.34, 95% CI [1.87–28.74]; p < 0.004), while renal impairment was associated with proteinuria (aOR 9.34, 95% CI [2.01–43.78]; p < 0.004) and HTN (aOR 6.00, 95% CI [1.10–35.39]; p < 0.049). Our findings warrant the implementation of NCD-aware HIV programs for the prevention, early detection and management of comorbidities.
Virtue developmental considerations of mindfulness

ABSTRACT Mindfulness is an umbrella term for a set of practices and strategies related to attention and non-critical awareness of our thoughts. Mindfulness is currently having a moment in popular culture and in clinical psychology for its many perceived benefits. However, there are reasons to worry about whether certain commitments and strategies of mindfulness might conflict with long-term progress in character development. This article places mindfulness in conversation with developmental considerations of virtue, asking how mindfulness practices might impact the various stages between natural character and mature moral virtue in different ways. Moreover, it proposes a distinction between two kinds of virtues, presence and absence virtues, that are differently impacted by the continued use of mindfulness practices in the later stages of virtue development.
Antimicrobial Stewardship Improvement in Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Spain—What Have We Learned?

Antibiotic misuse in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) can lead to increased antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic-triggered side effects, hospital costs, and mortality. We performed a multicenter, prospective study, analyzing critically ill pediatric patients (≥1 month to ≤18 years) admitted to 26 Spanish PICUs over a 3-month period each year (1 April–30 June) from 2014–2019. To make comparisons and evaluate the influence of AMS programs on antibiotic use in PICUs, the analysis was divided into two periods: 2014–2016 and 2017–2019 (once 84% of the units had incorporated an AMS program). A total of 11,260 pediatric patients were included. Total antibiotic prescriptions numbered 15,448 and, overall, 8354 patients (74.2%) received at least one antibiotic. Comparing the two periods, an increase was detected in the number of days without antibiotics in patients who received them divided by the number of days in PICUs, for community-acquired infections (p < 0.001) and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) acquired in PICUs (p < 0.001). Antibiotics were empirical in 7720 infections (85.6%), with an increase in appropriate antibiotic indications during the second period (p < 0.001). The main indication for antibiotic adjustment was de-escalation, increasing in the second period (p = 0.045). Despite the high rate of antibiotic use in PICUs, our results showed a significant increase in appropriate antibiotic use and adjustment following the implementation of AMS programs.
Metabolic Profiling of Bladder Cancer Patients’ Serum Reveals Their Sensitivity to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Numerous patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer develop low responsiveness to cisplatin. Our purpose was to explore differential metabolites derived from serum in bladder cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Data of patients diagnosed with cT2-4aNxM0 was collected. Blood samples were retained prospectively before the first chemotherapy for untargeted metabolomics by 1H-NMR and UPLC-MS. To identify characterized metabolites, multivariate statistical analyses were applied, and the intersection of the differential metabolites discovered by the two approaches was used to identify viable biomarkers. A total of 18 patients (6 NAC-sensitive patients and 12 NAC-resistant patients) were enrolled. There were 29 metabolites detected by 1H-NMR and 147 metabolites identified by UPLC-MS. Multivariate statistics demonstrated that in the sensitive group, glutamine and taurine were considerably increased compared to their levels in the resistant group, while glutamate and hypoxanthine were remarkably decreased. Pathway analysis and enrichment analysis showed significant alterations in amino acid pathways, suggesting that response to chemotherapy may be related to amino acid metabolism. In addition, hallmark analysis showed that DNA repair played a regulatory role. Overall, serum metabolic profiles of NAC sensitivity are significantly different in bladder cancer patients. Glycine, hypoxanthine, taurine and glutamine may be the potential biomarkers for clinical treatment. Amino acid metabolism has potential value in enhancing drug efficacy.
On the Support Vector Machine

Classification is a fundamental problem at the intersection of machine learning and statistics. Machine learning methods have enjoyed considerable empirical success. However, they often have an ad hoc quality. It is desirable to have hard theoretical results which might highlight specific quantitative advantages of these methods. The statistical methods often tackle the classification problem through density estimation or regression. Theoretical properties of these statistical methods can be established, but only under the assumption of a fixed order of smoothness. Whether these methods work well when the assumptions are violated is not clear. The support vector machine (SVM) methodology is a rapidly growing area in machine learning, and is receiving considerable attention in recent years. The SVM has proved highly successful in a number of practical classification studies. In this paper we show that the SVM enjoys excellent theoretical properties which explain the good performance of the SVM. We show that the SVM approaches the the theoretical optimal classification rule (the Bayes rule) in a direct fashion, and its expected misclassification rate quickly converges to that of the Bayes rule. The results are established under very general conditions allowing discontinuity. They testify to the fact that classification is easier than density estimation and regression, and show that the SVM works by taking advantage of this. The results pinpoint the exact mechanism behind the SVM, and clarify the advantage and limitation of the SVM, thus give insights on how the SVM can be extended systematically.
Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network Modeling of Data Retention Characterization in 3-D Triple-Level Cell NAND Flash Memory

Data retention (a time-variant characteristic of 3-D- NAND flash memory) is predicted through a bi-directional long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network (NN) model that learns sequential data obtained from chip measurements of a triple-level cell (TLC). The predicted results for all time points of each program (PGM) state are accurately predicted by the threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) distribution. Thus, the predicted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be used to analyze the cause of retention failure. When the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the target cell is high or when that of the adjacent cell is small, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> loss of the target cell is large. In addition, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> loss increases as the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the adjacent cell decreases. Using a fully calibrated TCAD simulation, we verify the NN-based <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> prediction by checking the change in the electron concentration in the nitride layer. Furthermore, the NN model predicts the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for cells existing in other blocks, showing that they are consistent with the measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The prediction times were 5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\,10^{{5}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> s, 5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\,10^{{6}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> s, and 2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\,10^{{6}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> s, but using machine learning (ML), we reduced the time required to predict the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to only 2 s. Therefore, the proposed ML method enables fast, accurate, and effective predictive modeling of the time-variant <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 3-D TLC NAND flash memory. Finally, the predicted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be included in the read retry table or included in the lookup table of the compensation circuit in NAND solutions. This can save a significant amount of time that would otherwise be spent on actual long-term measurements.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) The Value of Multistage Search Systems for Book

Often, our exploratory quests for books are highly complex endeavors which feature activities such as exploration, searching, selecting and comparing various books. Current systems for book search may not provide optimal support for this wide range of activities. The interactive Social Book Search Track investigates how users utilize different access interfaces in the context of two types of tasks, and evaluates a streamlined baseline interface and a rich multistage interface, potentially supporting different stages of search. In this paper, we analyze how these two types of interfaces influence user behavior, in terms of task duration, book selection and interaction patterns. Furthermore, we characterize the use of the different panels of the experimental multistage interface, as well as user engagement. We find initial evidence for the additional value of providing stage-based search support in the context of open-ended and focused book search tasks.
Sexual Complexity: A Comparison between Men and Women in a Sexual Minority Sample of Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

We report here some of the results from an online survey of 1612 LGBTQ members and former members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (CJCLDS, Mormon). The data permitted an exploration of diversity—individual similarities and differences within and between the sexes. Men and women were compared with respect to sexual identity self-labeling and behavior (i.e., identity development, disclosure, activity), orientation change efforts, marital relationships, and psychosocial health—these variables in the context of their religious lives. More women than men self-identified in the bisexual range of the sexual attraction continuum. Both men and women had engaged in extensive effort to change their sexual orientation. Only about 4% of the respondents claimed that those efforts had been successful, and the claims were for outcomes other than an alteration in erotic feeling. In general, only those who identified as bisexual reported success in maintaining a mixed-orientation marriage and continuing activity in the church. For both men and women, measures of psychosocial and sexual health were higher for those in same-sex relationships and those disaffiliated from the church.
Diallel analysis among new yellow maize inbred lines for grain yield and other agronomic traits

Yellow maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the important sources of animal feed in Egypt. The national maize programmes uses conventional crop breeding methodology, which depends on the development inbred lines of maize from open pollinated varieties or other heterogeneous sources. The objective of this study was to assess the general and specific combining ability for nine yellow maize inbred lines and their crosses for grain yield and other morphological traits, under Egyptian conditions. Nine new yellow maize inbred lines, derived from different yellow maize sources, were crossed in a half diallel mating scheme in 2020 summer season, at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station Gharbia Governorate in Egypt. The resulting 36 crosses, along with two commercial check hybrids (SC 168 and Pioneer SC 3444), were evaluated at three locations, i.e. Gemmeiza, Mallawy and Sids Agricultural Research Stations of the Agricultural Research Center (ARC), in 2021 summer season in Egypt. Overall, the additive gene effects played a major role in the inheritance of days to 50% silking, plant and ear heights; while the non-additive gene effects were mostly responsible for controlling the inheritance of grain yield. The parental inbred lines (P1 and P2) possessed significant (P<0.05) negative estimates of GCA effects for days to 50% silking towards earliness. The best general combiners were inbred lines P2 and P6 for plant and ear height, and these inbred lines would be good combiners for breeding to short hybrids and low ear placement. Crosses (P1xP9 and P3xP4) had desirable SCA effects and significantly out-yielded the two checks.