Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wearable Home-Monitoring in Asthmatic Children

Pediatric asthma is one of the most common chronic disease in childhood. Treatment is focused on the control of asthma symptoms, enabling patients to fully participate in daily life. However, children’s expression of asthma symptoms is often difficult to assess and interpret. Additionally, accurate monitoring of pediatric asthma is challenging as symptoms are episodic and therefore often absent during outpatient evaluation. These aspects hamper the treatment of asthma and urge the development of a monitoring tool that can signal worsening of asthma control and offer an opportunity to anticipate the waves of asthma. Therefore, this study aimed to discover relevant home-monitoring parameters for asthma control in children using wearable technology.
Ocular Manifestations Encountered in Albinos Living in Libreville: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects

Introduction: Albinism is a rare hereditary genetic disorder, characterized by melanogenesis disorders associated to varying degrees of cutaneous, atrial and visual disorders. In Libreville, no data on the subject is available. Purpose: To describe the ocular manifestations found in albinos living in Libreville. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study that took place in Libreville during a year from and that concerned 43 albinos. The inclusion criteria were any albino with oculocutaneous albinism present in Libreville who has agreed to participate in the investigation. The variables studied were age, sex, visual acuity, ametropia, iris color, iris transillumination, strabismus, nystagmus, torticollis, amblyopia, optic disc, photophobia, foveal hypoplasia and retinal hypopigmentation. Data was collected and analyzed using Epi infoTM 7.2. 0.1 CDC and IBM® SPSS® V21 Statistic software. Results: The mean age was 21.2 ± 17 years with a (F/M) ratio of 0.53. Visual acuity by far without correction (AVLCSC) < 3/10 was found in 88.4% of cases. Astigmatism, two-tone iris and torticollis were found respectively in 52.7%, 51% and 26% of cases. Retinal hypopigmentation and foveal hypoplasia were noted in 65.1% and 86% of cases. Divergent strabismus was noted in 71.4% and small and pale papilla in 95.1% of cases. Photophobia, iris transillumination, nystagmus and amblyopia were noted in 100% of cases. Conclusion: The ocular manifestations encountered in our series are similar to those described in literatures.
A study on status of homocysteine in psoriasis patients

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, proliferative skin disease characterized by pathological skin lesions due to various exogenous and endogenous factors. It is associated with a number of biochemical and immunological disturbances. Recently, it has been suggested that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and compromised function of antioxidant system may be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. This study intends to assess and compare the levels of HCY and MDA amongst the cases and healthy controls. In the present study, total of 100 subjects, among them 25 psoriasis patients were selected. Serum levels of malondialdehyde and Homocysteine levels were increased in psoriasis as compared to controls. We found severity wise significantly increased serum malondialdehyde and HCY status in patients with psoriasis. Our results indicate that, in psoriasis patients with increased oxidative stress there is increased Homocysteine levels. In conclusion, Homocysteine could serve as a biomarker of psoriasis severity but not as a marker of psoriasis.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy and Electronic Cigarettes: Awareness among Medical Students

Background: Whereas the use of electronic nicotine devices, such as e‐cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy, is on the rise, the awareness of these treatment options among health workers especially medical students is not well investigated. Objective: This study was aimed to determine the knowledge and perception of the nicotine, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and e‐cigarettes among medical students. Methodology: This study is a descriptive study in which the research is measuring the knowledge and perception regarding tobacco cigarettes, nicotine, NRT and e‐cigarettes, as well as observing the smoking rate in a given population simultaneously. A questionnaire was designed and applied to medical students in all 5 years. The sample size targeted was 200 with equal distribution among pre-clinical and clinical medical students. However, the number of responses obtained during the process of data collection was 184. Results: The results of this study showed the knowledge and perception of the tobacco smoking hazards towards health and its substitutes had 46.0% and 53.6% on moderate knowledge levels and the majority 91.0% and 97.6% did not smoking among the preclinical and clinical respectively. The overall findings regarding opinion and knowledge on health risk among all participants are shown the majority participants 93 (76.9%) the tobacco cigarettes caused health risk. Regarding NRT, majority of preclinical 42(57.6%) and clinical 33 (69.8%) participants having low knowledge of NRT of health risk with a P value of 0.08 between the two groups. Also, majority of participants showed extremely agreed the smoking-related to the lung cancer, atherosclerosis in coronary and peripheral arteries. Majority of the participants in both preclinical and clinical agreed with the smoking addiction and agreed that facts on electronic cigarettes contain tobacco. Majority of preclinical and clinical students showed low knowledge of health risk and dependence potential. Conclusion: medical students are not reasonable and overestimate the true hazards of tobacco smoking towards health. Additionally they are not knowledgeable about nicotine, NRT and e-cigarettes. Although, a large proportion of participants were exposed frequently to smokers, especially clinical phase students, they lack the knowledge and the correct perception regarding nicotine replacement therapy.
THERE IS NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND MORTALITY IN HEAD TRAUMA PATIENTS

Head trauma is a major public health problem and is a major cause of mortality worldwide. In the case of head trauma patients, the mortality is determined by using systolic blood pressure as one of the predictors. This research aims to identify the association between systolic blood pressure and mortality in head trauma patients at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin. As a method, nonprobability sampling was used with accidental sampling technique and thirty-eight head trauma patients come to the A&E of Ulin Hospital. The observation sheet was used to record the initial systolic blood pressure measurements as well as the assessment of mortality in head trauma patients within twenty-four hours to find out whether the patient had mortality or not. Based on the data analysis, it showed that there is no association between systolic blood pressure and mortality in head trauma patients at Ulin Hospital. Other risk factors may cause mortality in head trauma patients.
Treatment adherence, knowledge, attitude and quality of life of adolescents with asthma in northeastern Malaysia

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that affect physically, emotionally and psychologically. In adolescent, various factors contributed to poor asthma control. This study aims to identify treatment adherence, quality of life, knowledge and attitude in adolescents with asthma. Method: This cross-sectional study randomly selected 14 schools in two districts of a state in North-eastern of Malaysia. Complete information was obtained from 262 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years old, who were diagnosed with bronchial asthma in the last six months or having recurrent wheeze for the past 12 months. The tools used include Asthma control test; Asthma treatment adherence; Knowledge on asthma; Attitude on asthma; Paediatric asthma quality of life questionnaires have undergone various process of translation, face validation and assessment of the reliability and validity to achieve a standardized Malay language version. Results: There were about 30% of the adolescent who have not taking their medicine regularly with 50% non-compliant once symptom control was achieved. 22.5% of the participants felt embarrass when using inhaler in front of their friends. Our study showed a higher adherenceto medication of more than 70% compared to other studies. However, more than 50% of of the participants have minimal understanding on the disease natural history. Approximately 20-30% of them admitted of experiencing overall poor quality of life at the time of the study. Conclusion: Most participants reported having good asthma treatment adherence; but in our study, half of the adolescent have poor knowledge of asthma and negative attitude towards medication which influenced the quality of life. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(1) 2020 p.73-82
The expression of interleukin-25 increases in human coronary artery disease and is associated with the severity of coronary stenosis

Objective: Interleukin (IL) 25, also known as IL-17E, is an inflammatory cytokine and has been demonstrated to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases by regulating immunity and inflammation, including atherosclerosis. This study was aimed to evaluate the expression of IL-25 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: In this study, the expression of IL-25 in normal (n=6) and atherosclerotic (n=10) human coronary arteries was detected by immunofluorescent staining. In addition, the serum IL-25, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α concentrations in stable angina pectoris (SAP, n=44), unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n=46), acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=34), and non-CAD (control, n=36) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results: IL-25 was significantly increased in coronary arteries of CAD patients when compared with normal coronary arteries, with macrophages and T lymphocytes being the sources of IL-25, especially macrophages. Moreover, the serum concentrations of IL-25 were markedly elevated in CAD patients and gradually increased in SAP, UAP, and AMI groups. In addition, IL-25 levels were positively correlated with the IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and Gensini score in CAD patients. Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-25 was independently positively correlated with the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A receiver operator characteristic curve suggested that IL-25 presented a significant diagnosis value in ACS. Conclusion: IL-25 is increased in the coronary arteries and serum of CAD patients and is associated with the severity of coronary stenosis and the occurrence of ACS, suggesting that IL-25 may be one of the biomarkers of ACS. (Anatol J Cardiol 2020; 23: 151-9)
Clinical Outcomes And Cost-Effectiveness Of Different Staplers For Lung Lobectomy With Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare intra-operative adverse events (AE), post-operative outcomes, and costs of three different types of Echelon staplers (manual activated SC45A and electrical power-activated PSE45A & PSEE60A) used during video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for lung lobectomy. Patients and methods We carried out a retrospective chart review of patients undergoing VATS lobectomies using one of three staplers (SC45A, PSE45A, or PSEE60A) during a 2-year period at our institution. We compared intra-operative AEs, post-operative outcomes (drainage volume, chest tube duration, prolonged air leaks [PALs]), endoscopic product costs [ECs], and hospitalization costs [HCs]) amongst the three stapler groups. Results In all 204 peripheral lung cancer patients were included in the study (95 in the SC45A group, 72 in the PSE45A group, and 37 in the PSEE60A group). We observed intra-operative AEs in 6 patients of the SC45A group, in 4 of the PSE45A group, and in 1 of the PSEE60A group (P>0.05). Drainage volumes among the three groups were similar. The mean chest tube duration was shorter]st in the PSE45A group followed by those in the PSEE60A and SC45A groups (P<0.05). PALs were lowest in the PSE45A group and highest in the SC45A group (P<0.05). The mean EC in the PSEE60A group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). We found no statistically significant differences in terms of HCs among groups. Conclusion The three endoscopic staplers had similar incidences of intra-operative AEs when used for lobectomy with VATS. Use of the PSE45A stapler was associated with the shortest chest tube duration and least PALs, while use of the PSEE60A resulted in the highest EC rate.
Optimizing Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Canagliflozin- A Focus on CANVAS and CRENDENCE Trials

Canagliflozin is one of the sodium glucose cotransporters 2 (SLGT2) inhibitors. In addition to its glucose lowering effect, it has cardiovascular and renal protective mechanisms, through decreasing blood pressure, body weight, diuresis and natriuresis. This has translated into beneficial cardiovascular and renal outcome as compared to placebo in two recent large trials. The most pronounced effects occur in patients with moderate and severe albuminuria.
The current global situation for tuberculous meningitis: epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) results from dissemination of M. tuberculosis to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and meninges. Ischaemia, hydrocephalus and raised intracranial pressure frequently result, leading to extensive brain injury and neurodisability. The global burden of TBM is unclear and it is likely that many cases are undiagnosed, with many treated cases unreported. Untreated, TBM is uniformly fatal, and even if treated, mortality and morbidity are high. Young age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are potent risk factors for TBM, while Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination is protective, particularly in young children. Diagnosis of TBM usually relies on characteristic clinical symptoms and signs, together with consistent neuroimaging and CSF parameters. The ability to confirm the TBM diagnosis via CSF isolation of M. tuberculosis depends on the type of diagnostic tests available. In most cases, the diagnosis remains unconfirmed. GeneXpert MTB/RIF and the next generation Xpert Ultra offer improved sensitivity and rapid turnaround times, and while roll-out has scaled up, availability remains limited. Many locations rely only on acid fast bacilli smear, which is insensitive. Treatment regimens for TBM are based on evidence for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment, with little consideration to CSF penetration or mode of drug action required. The World Health Organization recommends a 12-month treatment course, although data on which to base this duration is lacking. New treatment regimens and drug dosages are under evaluation, with much higher dosages of rifampicin and the inclusion of fluoroquinolones and linezolid identified as promising innovations. The inclusion of corticosteroids at the start of treatment has been demonstrated to reduce mortality in HIV-negative individuals but whether they are universally beneficial is unclear. Other host-directed therapies show promise but evidence for widespread use is lacking. Finally, the management of TBM within health systems is sub-optimal, with drop-offs at every stage in the care cascade.
Significant function and research progress of biomarkers in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumor types, and the incidence and mortality rates are higher in men compared with women. Various studies have revealed that gastric cancer is a spectrum of tumor types, which have biological and genetic diversity. It has proven to be difficult to improve the overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with gastric cancer through the use of traditional surgery and chemoradiation, as gastric cancer is usually identified at an advanced stage. In consequence, the outcome is frequently poor. Thus, novel biomarkers and anticancer targets are required to improve the outcome. As the identification of biomarkers has increased due to advances in research and the greater availability of bioinformatics and functional genomics, the potential therapeutic regimens available have also increased concurrently. These advances have also improved the ability to predict responses to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, whilst other biomarkers predict post-treatment survival and recurrence based on their expression. This review focuses closely on the important functions of biomarkers in the timely diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, in addition to the advances in the study of certain novel markers in gastric cancer.
Cryptogenic small‐fiber neuropathies: Serum autoantibody binding to trisulfated heparan disaccharide and fibroblast growth factor receptor‐3

Causes of small‐fiber peripheral neuropathies (SFN) are often undefined. In this study we investigated associations of serum autoantibodies, immunoglobulin G (IgG) vs fibroblast growth factor receptor‐3 (FGFR‐3), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) vs trisulfated heparan disaccharide (TS‐HDS) in cryptogenic SFN.
EFFECTIVENESS OF METFORMIN IN PREVENTING EARLY PREGNANCY LOSS IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the effectiveness of metformin therapy in preventing early pregnancy loss in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS : This is a prospective cohort study conducted in the Obstetric Department of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India for a period of 2 years. This study involved 100 nondiabetic pregnant women with PCOS. They were divided into two groups, namely, the group that received metformin throughout pregnancy (metformin group) and the group that got pregnant but, did not receive metformin (control group). A comparison was made between the two groups of patients with respect to certain basal characteristics (age, body mass index, previous obstetric outcome, serum glucose with free testosterone). Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test to compare the differences between the two groups. RESULTS : There were 50 patients who received metformin during pregnancy (metformin group) compared with 50 patients who did not receive the treatment (control group). The rate of early pregnancy loss in the metformin group was 10% (5/50) compared with 36% (18/50) in the control group (p < 0.001). For patients in the metformin group with a history of previous miscarriage, the rate of pregnancy loss was 45% (35 cases/50 pregnancies). CONCLUSION : Metformin therapy in pregnant women with PCOS was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of early pregnancy loss
[Influence of overweight and obesity on the strength of childhood].

INTRODUCTION overweight and obesity reach a high prevalence since childhood in Spain. OBJECTIVE to describe the effect of overweight and obesity, in schoolchildren of eleven years of age, in tests that assess the strength of both the lower and upper extremities, as well as speed. METHOD four hundred and twenty-three schoolchildren of eleven years of age participated in the study. Basic anthropometric characteristics were obtained and several tests of the EUROFIT battery were developed. RESULTS normal-weight boys and girls had better scores in physical condition tests in general. Therefore, the vertical and horizontal jumps, bar suspension and abdominals were higher in the participants with normal-weight (p < 0.05). In addition, they performed in less time a speed circuit in both sexes (p < 0.001); however, in relation to the manual isometric strength, in the group of girls those who are overweight or obese have better results (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS overweight and obese children of eleven year-olds showed a lower muscular performance, except in the case of manual isometric strength. Several equations haven been also determined for predicting the results of physical tests carried out such as jumps, dynamometry and speed, through sex and body mass index (BMI).
DNA Methylation Profiling Reveals Prognostically Significant Groups in Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumors: A Report From the International Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumor Registry.

PURPOSE Pediatric adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are aggressive; the overall survival of patients with ACCs is 40%-50%. Appropriate staging and histologic classification are crucial because children with incomplete resections, metastases, or relapsed disease have a dismal prognosis. The clinical course of pediatric adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) is difficult to predict using the current classification schemas, which rely on subjective microscopic and gross macroscopic variables. Recent advances in adult ACT studies have revealed distinct DNA methylation patterns with prognostic significance that have not been systematically interrogated in the pediatric population. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed DNA methylation analyses on 48 newly diagnosed ACTs from the International Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumor Registry and 12 pediatric adrenal controls to evaluate for distinct methylation groups. Pediatric methylation data were also compared systematically with the adult ACC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS Two pediatric ACT methylation groups were identified and showed differences in selected clinicopathologic and outcome characteristics. The A1 group was enriched for CTNNB1 variants and unfavorable outcome. The A2 group was enriched for TP53 germline variants, younger age at onset, and favorable outcome. Pediatric ACT methylation groups were maintained when International Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumor Registry cohort data were combined with TCGA cohort data. The CpG-island hypermethylator phenotype characterizing the TCGA cohort was not identified in the pediatric patients. When methylome findings were combined with independent histopathologic review using the Wieneke criteria, a high-risk population was identified with uniform fatal outcome. CONCLUSION Our results indicate DNA methylation analysis can enhance current diagnostic algorithms. A combination of methylation and histologic classification produced the strongest prediction model and may prove useful in future risk-adapted therapeutic trials.
Rumex crispus Extract Exerts Anti-Diabetic Properties in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats

Rumex crispus, nehir kenari ve islak cayirlarda kendiliginden yetisen ve alternatif tipta yuzyillardir kullanilan dogal, yabani bir bitkidir. Bu calismada, streptozotosin (STZ) araciligiyla diyabet olusturulan sicanlarda R. crispus'un canli agirliklari, aclik kan glukoz seviyeleri, plazma lipid profili, karaciger enzim aktiviteleri ve antioksidan sisteme etkileri arastirildi. Hayvanlar 4 gruba ayrildi. I. grup: kontrol; II. grup: 3 mg kg-1 R. crispus; grup III: 50 mg kg-1 Streptozotosin (STZ) ile diyabet olusturulan grup; grup IV: 50 mg kg-1 STZ ile diyabet olusturulan + 3 mg kg-1 R. crispus uygulanan grup seklinde belirlendi. R. crispus ekstraktinin, diyabet olusumundan 10 gun sonra diyabete bagli agirlik kaybini ve kan glikoz seviyesini azalttigi tespit edildi. 14 gunluk uygulama suresinin sonunda, R. crispus uygulanan diyabetik sicanlarda trigliserit, LDL kolesterol (LDL-C) ve VLDL kolesterol (VLDL-C) duzeyleri artarken (P<0.001), HDL kolesterol (HDL-C) seviyeleri anlamli derecede azaldi (P<0.01). Alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) seviyeleri, R. crispus'a cevaben onemli olcude artmistir (P<0.001). Diyabetik grupta total antioksidan seviye (TAS) anlamli derecede azalirken, total oksidan seviyenin (TOS) artis gosterdigi belirlendi. Bununla birlikte, R. crispus tedavisine cevap olarak, TAS anlamli sekilde artmis ve TOS kontrol grubuna gore azalmistir (her ikisi icin de P<0.001). R. crispus ekstraktinin takviyesi, sicanlarda anti-diyabetik ozellikler gosterir ve diyabetik bireyler icin klinik bir potansiyele sahip olabilir.