Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING USING GEOGEBRA SOFTWARE

Technology is an essential reference in all aspects. Technology provides significant changes in education part, especially in learning mathematics. Technology has an impact on the innovation space in mathematics learning, the problems so far tend to be less attractive, the environment is boring and very tied to reading materials, which results in students still not being able to develop their mathematical thinking process optimally, namely students' mathematical understanding is still low. Students' mathematical understanding is one of the most important capabilities that students should have to solve various problems, both mathematical problems for instance problems related to concepts, operations, principles, and in daily life. So that innovation in learning with the influence of learning technology is important to apply. The aim of this study was to develop students' conceptual understanding of transformation geometry using Geogebra software. This study used exploratory mixed methods designs that aimed to describe students' understanding of mathematics by learning using Geogebra software. The results of the study indicate that usage Geogebra software can develop students' understanding of mathematical concepts in the transformation geometry, and assisted teachers create an interesting and fun learning process, teachers find the right procedures in using applications such as the use of different software and techniques in learning mathematics, making it easier for students to understand the abstract material of transformation geometry. The results of this study are focused on test analysis, namely exploring students' mathematical understanding, data can also be obtained from interview techniques that explore test answers, in the form of 2 problems related to transformation geometry. The results of the study indicate that are 5 criteria that have met the students' understanding of mathematics from 7 indicators.
Compact Objects in Alternative Gravities

We address neutron stars and black holes in alternative gravities, after recalling their basic properties in General Relativity. Among the plethora of interesting alternative gravities we here focus on an interesting set of scalar-tensor theories. We discuss the phenomenon of spontaneous scalarization, that is, matter induced for neutron stars and curvature induced for black holes. Along with other relevant physical properties, we address the quasi-normal modes of these compact objects. In particular, we consider universal relations of neutron stars to largely reduce the dependence on the equation of state, and we briefly address the shadow of black holes.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Clinical Trials on Gene Therapy in Noncongenital Cardiovascular Diseases: Cross-sectional Study of Three Clinical Trial Registries

Background Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Gene therapies (GTs) may become a novel therapeutic option for cardiovascular diseases. Objective We aimed to characterize all trials involving human subjects utilizing GT to treat noncongenital cardiovascular diseases. Methods In March 2021, we searched for clinical trials on the ClinicalTrials.gov (CT), International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number (ISRCTN) databases. Two authors screened the titles and registry notes of all the searched studies. We collected details of the included studies regarding their design, location funding source, treated conditions, completion, publication statuses, and final outcomes. Results We generated a total of 3508 records, and 50 unique clinical trials met our eligibility criteria. Of these, 20 (40%) concerned peripheral artery disease, and 18 (36%) concerned coronary artery disease. Most studies were randomized (34/50, 68%) and were performed in multiple locations (30/50, 60%), and around half of the trials compared GT with a placebo (27/50, 54%), while one in four were single-arm (14/50, 28%), and the rest concerned dose-finding (22%). More than half of the trials (29/50, 58%) were funded by industry. Of the 50 clinical trials, 28 (56%) published their results by the data collection date (March 2021), and 22 of 31 (71%) were slated to be completed before 2021. Overall, 12 of 28 (42.9%) clinical trials showed favorable outcomes of the intervention. Conclusions Among noncongenital cardiovascular diseases, GTs are mostly investigated in peripheral artery disease and coronary artery disease. Many clinical trials on GT use in noncongenital cardiovascular diseases did not disclose their results. Regardless of the trial phase, less than half of published studies on GT in noncongenital cardiovascular diseases showed promising results.
A Retrospective Study of 881 Lateral Transabdominal Laparoscopic Adrenalectomies Performed Between 1997 and 2017 at a Single Center in Poland to Determine Factors Associated with Surgery Time

Background Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is acknowledged as a standard procedure in adrenal lesions management. This retrospective study of lateral transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy performed between 1997 and 2017 in a single center in Poland aimed to determine the factors associated with surgery time. Material/Methods This retrospective study involved 881 patients. The factors identified as potentially affecting surgery time were age, sex, side of the lesion, histopathological type, hormonal activity, size of the lesion, history of previous abdominal operations, presence of intra-abdominal adhesions, and obesity. The following statistical tests were conducted: t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson correlation test, and multivariate regression modeling. Results The mean surgery time for all operations was 139 min (55–320 min). We observed statistically significant differences for surgery time in the following groups: sex, side of the lesion, presence of intra-abdominal adhesions, obesity, histopathological type, and hormonal activity (P<0.05). The multivariate regression model showed factors affecting surgery time were: sex, side of the lesion, size of the lesion, obesity, histopathological type (nodular hyperplasia and adenoma), and hormonal activity (non-functioning and aldosterone-secreting tumors) (P<0.05). There was no correlation between surgery time and patient age and tumor size (P<0.05). Mean tumor size was 42 mm (6–130 mm). Conclusions The 20-year experience of laparoscopic adrenalectomy performed at a single center showed that surgery duration was significantly longer in male patients, obese patients, left-sided adrenal tumors, tumors >6 cm in diameter, patients with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, and when intra-abdominal adhesions were present.
Dietary Supplementation with Cysteine during Pregnancy Rescues Maternal Chronic Kidney Disease-Induced Hypertension in Male Rat Offspring: The Impact of Hydrogen Sulfide and Microbiota-Derived Tryptophan Metabolites

Maternal chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to offspring hypertension. The gut microbiome and its tryptophan metabolites, nitric oxide (NO), and renin–angiotensin system (RAS) are closely related to the development of hypertension. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has shown an anti-hypertensive effect. Our objective was to test whether l- or d-cysteine supplementation in pregnancy can prevent hypertension programmed by maternal CKD in adult offspring and to explore the protective mechanisms. CKD was induced in pregnant Sprague Dawley rats by a 0.5% adenine diet for 3 weeks. l- or d-cysteine was supplemented at 8 mmol/kg body weight/day during pregnancy. Male offspring were sacrificed at the age of 12 weeks (n = 8 per group). Maternal CKD-induced hypertension was similarly prevented by l- or d-cysteine supplementation. The protective effects of l- and d-cysteine are related to reducing oxidative stress, rebalancing the RAS, and reshaping the gut microbiome. l-cysteine therapy protected adult offspring against hypertension and was associated with enhanced H2S production, restoration of NO bioavailability, enhancement of beneficial genera Oscillibacter and Butyricicoccus, depletion of indole-producing genera Alistipes and Akkermansia, and the reduction of several indole metabolites. d-cysteine treatment increased kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and xanthurenic acid in the kynurenine pathway, decreased 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin in the serotonin pathway, and enriched genera Bacteroides and Odoribacter abundance. In summary, these results suggest that l- and d-cysteine protect against maternal CKD-induced offspring hypertension, likely by enhancing H2S production, modulating gut microbiota and its derived metabolites, and the restoration of NO and RAS.
Linear Regression vs. Deep Learning: A Simple Yet Effective Baseline for Human Body Measurement

We propose a linear regression model for the estimation of human body measurements. The input to the model only consists of the information that a person can self-estimate, such as height and weight. We evaluate our model against the state-of-the-art approaches for body measurement from point clouds and images, demonstrate the comparable performance with the best methods, and even outperform several deep learning models on public datasets. The simplicity of the proposed regression model makes it perfectly suitable as a baseline in addition to the convenience for applications such as the virtual try-on. To improve the repeatability of the results of our baseline and the competing methods, we provide guidelines toward standardized body measurement estimation.
Fatigue Testing of the Small Wind Turbine Blade

Blades are the elements of a wind turbine which are the most vulnerable to destruction. Facing the unstable wind (one that changes its speed and direction), they are subjected to cyclic and fluctuating loads. This problem is particularly pronounced in case of small wind turbine (SWT) blades or blades for wind tunnel tests in scale, which are oftentimes made of anisotropic materials or manufactured in a way leading to anisotropy, like 3D-printing. SWT blades have to be designed in a way which will allow them to operate for a long time without any fracture. Hence, the fatigue strength is a key parameter, which determines their operation time and should be tested before putting a wind turbine into operation. The aim of this paper is to describe the methodology of fatigue tests of the small wind turbine blades. Next, the construction of the fatigue test stand and results of the experiment will be examined.
Modulation of Gut Microbiota Combined with Upregulation of Intestinal Tight Junction Explains Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Corylin on Colitis-Associated Cancer in Mice

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves chronic inflammation, loss of epithelial integrity, and gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis, resulting in the development of a colon cancer known as colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). In this study, we evaluated the effects of corylin in a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. The results showed corylin could improved the survival rate and colon length, maintained body weight, and ameliorated the inflammatory response in the colon. Then, we further identified the possible antitumor effects after 30-day treatment of corylin on an azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced CAC mouse model. Biomarkers associated with inflammation, the colon tissue barrier, macrophage polarization (CD11c, CCR7, CD163, and CD206), and microbiota dysbiosis were monitored in the AOM/DSS group versus corylin groups. Corylin downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6) mRNA expression and inflammatory signaling-associated markers (TLR4, MyD88, AP-1, CD11b, and F4/80). In addition, a colon barrier experiment revealed that epithelial cell proliferation of the mucus layer (Lgr5, Cyclin D1, and Olfm4) was downregulated and tight junction proteins (claudin-1 and ZO-1) were upregulated. Furthermore, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio changed with corylin intervention, and the microbial diversity and community richness of the AOM/DSS mice were improved by corylin. The comparative analysis of gut microbiota revealed that Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria, Candidatus Saccharimonas, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Enterorhabdus were significantly increased but Firmicutes, Turicibacter, Romboutsia, and Blautia decreased after corylin treatment. Altogether, corylin administration showed cancer-ameliorating effects by reducing the risk of colitis-associated colon cancer via regulation of inflammation, carcinogenesis, and compositional change of gut microbiota. Therefore, corylin could be a novel, potential health-protective, natural agent against CAC.
Characterization of hydrological features and plankton during neap tides in a subtropical lagoon south of the California Current

ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize their Spatio-temporal distribution of hydrological variables and plankton during neap tides in Bahía Magdalena, a subtropical lagoon south of the California Current. We compare data from surface and bottom waters of stations located inside the lagoon with those near the bay's mouth and between surface and bottom. The availability of nutrients and the chlorophyll-a are associated primarily with the intense upwelling activity in spring. Due to direct marine influence, this relationship was more significant at the inlet than inside the lagoon, especially at the bottom. During the intense upwellings marine influence is maintained even during neap tides. The wind probably causes the homogeneous distribution in most variables within the bay's surface; this may also contribute to the re-suspension of nutrients due to vertical water column mixing. Abiotic variables were not linearly related with zooplankton biovolume and the density of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Phytoplankton was composed mainly by the micro fraction and diatoms during spring and nanoplankton in the warmest season of the year; however, the strong upwellings at the spring's end caused a HAB composed for diatoms. Chlorophyll-a concentration and diatoms were more abundant inside the lagoon and could explain the lower nutrient concentration of that zone. Zooplankton biovolume seasonality differed from other years, with higher values during winter and a significant decreasing trend throughout the year, resulting from the phytoplankton variability. Upwelling and wind variability explains the high biological productivity observed over most of the year.
Improve Students' Listening Comprehension Through Podcasts

Dalam mengatasi masalah dan kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh sebagian besar siswa dalam belajar mendengarkan, beberapa akademisi dan spesialis bahasa Inggris dalam pengajaran memutuskan untuk memperhatikan pendekatan, metode, dan teknik yang paling efektif untuk membantu siswa mereka dalam belajar mendengarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan podcast dalam metode mendengarkan bahasa Inggris terhadap pemahaman mendengarkan siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian eksperimen dengan instrumen pengumpulan data Pre-Test dan Post-Test. Tes diambil dari TOEFL IBT. Tes terdiri dari enam topik dengan tiga puluh pertanyaan. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling, dipilih 30 mahasiswa Program Studi Bahasa Inggris sebagai sampel. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan; rata-rata Pre-test siswa adalah 27,80 sedangkan rata-rata Post-Test siswa adalah 36,38. Setelah hasil tes dianalisis, diketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata post-test lebih besar dari nilai rata-rata pre-test dan menunjukkan bahwa t-hitung (4,535) lebih besar dari t-tabel (2,756), pada tingkat signifikansi 1%. Dengan demikian, hipotesis alternatif diterima dan hipotesis nol ditolak. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh penggunaan podcast dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris mengembangkan pemahaman mendengarkan siswa.
Cow Milk Extracellular Vesicle Effects on an In Vitro Model of Intestinal Inflammation

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nano-dimensional spherical structures and act mainly as signaling mediators between cells, in particular modulating immunity and inflammation. Milk-derived EVs (mEVs) can have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and milk is one of the most promising food sources of EVs. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate bovine mEVs anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects on an in vitro co-culture (Caco-2 and THP-1) model of intestinal inflammation through gene expression evaluation with RT-qPCR and cytokine release through ELISA. After establishing a pro-inflammatory environment due to IFN-γ and LPS stimuli, CXCL8, IL1B, TNFA, IL12A, IL23A, TGFB1, NOS2, and MMP9 were significantly up-regulated in inflamed Caco-2 compared to the basal co-culture. Moreover, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α release was increased in supernatants of THP-1. The mEV administration partially restored initial conditions with an effective anti-inflammatory activity. Indeed, a decrease in gene expression and protein production of most of the tested cytokines was detected, together with a significant gene expression decrease in MMP9 and the up-regulation of MUC2 and TJP1. These results showed a fundamental capability of mEVs to modulate inflammation and their potential beneficial effect on the intestinal mucosa.
Evaluation of Anticancer Effect of Aegle marmelos in Human Breast Cancer Cells by In-vitro Analysis

Background: Cancer is uncontrolled division and proliferation of abnormal cells in the body. Nowadays, therapeutic Treatment of cancer has become a great clinical challenge and alternative medicines are being extensively studied to cure cancer. Aegle marmelos is one such plant Which has many pharmacological activities. Aim: To study the anticancer activity of Aegle marmelos which promotes cell death in human cancer breast cells MCF7 by modulating wnt/beta catenin expression. Materials and methods: Human Breast Cancer cell line (MCF-7) was purchased from NCCS.Cell viability was assayed using a modified colorimetric technique that is based on the ability of live cells to convert MTT. The specificity of the amplification product was determined by melting curve analysis for each primer pairs. The obtained data were analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test with a computer-based software. Results: the viability of cancer cells after addition of Aegle marmelos has decreased from 100% to 50% with increase in concentration of the extract 100-600 micrograms/ml. It is also evident that there was a fold change in control over Wnt m-RNA expression of MCF7 that decreased significantly on the addition of Aegle marmelos extract. The results also showed that there was a fold change in control of the beta catenin m-RNA expression of MCF7,which decreased significantly in addition to Aegle marmelos. Conclusion: The present study concluded an innovative finding that Aegle marmelos promotes cell death in MCF7 cells by modulating the pathway. The plant extract also possesses hepato- renal protective effect thus, it can be used as a novel and safe anti-cancer drug against breast cancer cells.
Patient-Ventilator Asynchrony Detection via Similarity Search Methods

— Patient-Ventilator Asynchrony (PVA) is a common cause of ventilation-related medical complications and are traditionally only able to be reliably identified by trained clinicians. The need for constant monitoring and limited access to trained experts are major challenges in managing PVA, both of which can potentially be solved by automating the detection process. In this research, we propose a new data-driven approach to PVA detection using several similarity and randomness measures, including how unusual a time window is in the series and randomness of the time window. We found that all these similarity or randomness measures can be estimated with variants of the highly efficient Matrix Profile (MP) algorithm, and that one base routine can be repeated to generate all the features used in classification. We show that MP-based features, when used in combination with basic statistical and spectral features, can achieve an F-2 score of over 0.9 for two classes of PVA events in a sample of participants with moderate to high rate of PVA occurrence.
Analysis on Postpartum Depression

Postpartum Depression (PPD) receives increasing attention from the public as well as in the academia. However, some of the facts about PPD are not as clear and simple as perceived by the public. Through an interdisciplinary literature review, this paper aims to help women at childbearing age, especially women in China, enhance their understanding of postpartum depression from the perspectives of physiological mechanism, social psychology, and psychodynamics. Critical views and indications of these risk factors are followed by each sector. Besides, treatment methods are presented briefly in the end.
Diet, Sun, Physical Activity and Vitamin D Status in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

In the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) malabsorption may lead to a vitamin D deficiency and calcium–phosphate misbalance. However, the reports on the vitamin D status in children with IBD are few and ambiguous. Here, we are presenting complex analyses of multiple factors influencing 25OHD levels in IBD children (N = 62; Crohn’s disease n = 34, ulcerative colitis n = 28, mean age 14.4 ± 3.01 years, F/M 23/39) and controls (n = 47, mean age 13.97 ± 2.57, F/M 23/24). Additionally, calcium–phosphate balance parameters and inflammatory markers were obtained. In children with IBD disease, activity and location were defined. Information about therapy, presence of fractures and abdominal surgery were obtained from medical records. All subjects were surveyed on the frequency and extent of exposure to sunlight (forearms, partially legs for at least 30 min a day), physical activity (at least 30 min a day) and diet (3 days diary was analyzed with the program DIETA 5). The mean 25OHD level was higher in IBD patients compared to controls (18.1 ng/mL vs. 15.5 ng/mL; p = 0.03). Only 9.7% of IBD patients and 4.25% of controls had the optimal vitamin D level (30–50 ng/mL). Despite the higher level of 25OHD, young IBD patients showed lower calcium levels in comparison to healthy controls. There was no correlation between the vitamin D level and disease activity or location of gastrointestinal tract lesions. Steroid therapy didn’t have much influence on the vitamin D level while vitamin D was supplemented. Regular sun exposure was significantly more common in the control group compared to the IBD group. We found the highest concentration of vitamin D (24.55 ng/mL) with daily sun exposure. There was no significant correlation between the vitamin D level and frequency of physical activity. The analysis of dietary diaries showed low daily intake of vitamin D in both the IBD and the control group (79.63 vs. 85.14 IU/day). Pediatric patients, both IBD and healthy individuals, require regular monitoring of serum vitamin D level and its adequate supplementation.