Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Future Climate and Potential Impact on Streamflow in the Upper Nan River Basin of Northern Thailand

Water resources in Northern Thailand have been less explored with regard to the impact on hydrology that the future climate would have. For this study, three regional climate models (RCMs) from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) were used to project future climate of the upper Nan River basin. Future climate data of ACCESS_CCAM, MPI_ESM_CCAM, and CNRM_CCAM under Representation Concentration Pathways RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 were bias-corrected by the linear scaling method and subsequently drove the Hydrological Engineering Center-Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) to simulate future streamflow. This study compared baseline (1988–2005) climate and streamflow values with future time scales during 2020–2039 (2030s), 2040–2069 (2050s), and 2070–2099 (2080s). The upper Nan River basin will become warmer in future with highest increases in the maximum temperature of 3.8°C/year for MPI_ESM and minimum temperature of 3.6°C/year for ACCESS_CCAM under RCP8.5 during 2080s. The magnitude of changes and directions in mean monthly precipitation varies, with the highest increase of 109 mm for ACESSS_CCAM under RCP 4.5 in September and highest decrease of 77 mm in July for CNRM, during 2080s. Average of RCM combinations shows that decreases will be in ranges of −5.5 to −48.9% for annual flows, −31 to −47% for rainy season flows, and −47 to −67% for winter season flows. Increases in summer seasonal flows will be between 14 and 58%. Projection of future temperature levels indicates that higher increases will be during the latter part of the 20th century, and in general, the increases in the minimum temperature will be higher than those in the maximum temperature. The results of this study will be useful for river basin planners and government agencies to develop sustainable water management strategies and adaptation options to offset negative impacts of future changes in climate. In addition, the results will also be valuable for agriculturists and hydropower planners.
Malignant Hyperthermia in Bariatric Surgery: A Case Study With Clinical, Pathophysiological, Biochemical and Biophysical Correlations

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is an acute pharmacogenetic disorder, which while uncommon is potentially fatal. MH is a calcium channelopathy of skeletal muscle in which a constant increase of intracytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration occurs causing a change in cellular metabolism. A hypermetabolic state develops when susceptible patients are exposed to halogenated volatile inhalational anesthetic agents and depolarizing muscle relaxants and/or extreme physical activity in hot environments. MH presents variable clinical expression. During an episode of MH, the patient may present clinical signs and laboratory findings including masseter muscle spasm, tachycardia, rise in end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), tachypnea, hyperthermia, cyanosis, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, myoglobinuria, hyperlactacidemia, and acute renal failure. The aim of this case report is to describe an episode of MH associated with the use of halogenated anesthetic during bariatric surgery. A 29-year-old Brazilian man was admitted to the hospital to undergo a bariatric surgery. The patient’s relevant medical history included morbid obesity grade III, allergy to sulfa-based drugs and severe obstructive sleep apnea. Preoperative evaluations with cardiopulmonary exercise testing, echocardiogram and electrocardiogram showed no anatomical and functional changes of the patient’s heart. Surgical procedures lasted for 4 h, without complications, but the evolution of the patient’s condition indicated oliguria and acute breathing insufficiency. Five hours after the patient was placed under mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit, he started to present clinical signs of hypermetabolic state, with tremors, excessive sweating, and rapid body temperature increases. In the postoperative period, the patient had hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypernatremia, hyperkalemia, changes in creatine phosphokinase (CPK), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatine concentrations, and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. Urinalysis showed traces of proteinuria, presence of ketones, leukocytes, red blood cells, and urobilinogen. In our case report, MH crisis was diagnosed late; the dantrolene was not administrated because it was not available and the patient died. This detailed case report of MH episode triggered by isoflurane anesthetic during bariatric surgery allowed us to describe the severity and lethality of this hypermetabolic syndrome. Dantrolene should be mandatory in all operating rooms. Knowledge of the symptoms, an early diagnosis and an adequate treatment can prevent the death of patients in MH crisis.
Seed germination and seedling growth of tomato as affected by different types of compost water extracts.

We investigated the effects of water extracts of composts (CWE) from six different types of composts (different compositions of organic matter), using seed germination bioassay as an indicator of phytotoxicity in compost extracts. After incubation was determinate number of seeds germinated in each type of CWE at 24, 48 and 72 hours, evaluating the compost maturity. Germinated seeds were counted (nVSS and nVSC) and root growth (RLS and RLC) measured. After 14 th day, was measured the Germination index (GI) according formula GI = nVSS x RLS / nVSC x RLC x 100, where nVSS and nVSC express the number of viable seeds in the sample and in the control, respectively (extract compost was replaced by distilled water); RLS and RLC expressed the root length in the sample and in the control, respectively. (if the compost is providing plant nutrients adequately).
University Students’ Perfectionistic Profiles: Do They Predict Achievement Goal Orientations and Coping Strategies?

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of different perfectionistic latent profiles on university students’ personal goal orientation and coping strategies. Four hundred thirty nine university students (82.5% females) from various departments (38.5% freshmen) participated in the study. Students were asked to complete anonymously three self-report questionnaires in groups in their university classes- (a) the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised was used for measuring perfectionism as a multidimensional construct, (b) the Personal Achievement Goals questionnaire for measuring achievement goal orientation (mastery orientation, performance-approach orientation, and performance-avoidance orientation), and (c) the R-COPE questionnaire for measuring adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies for everyday problems. Latent class analysis was conducted in order to create categorical perfectionistic profiles. The data support the three-group model of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionists and non-perfectionists. The adaptive and maladaptive perfectionistic profiles differ in the level of discrepancy between personal standards and accomplishments and significantly predicted adaptive and maladaptive achievement motivation and coping, respectively.
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns: Review of the Antibiogram of a Surgical Unit in a Public Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a challenge in modern-day medical practice. The pace at which microbes are becoming resistant to antibiotics is greater than the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. There is a need to study these antimicrobial patterns and, for this purpose, antibiograms should be developed at the levels of wards and hospitals and studied to guide us better on how to choose suitable empirical therapy for our patients. Methods and materials A total of 286 reports were studied, which contained the culture and sensitivity data of all the patients admitted under the care of Surgical Unit-1 in Lahore General Hospital between April 1, 2019, and October 31, 2019. All the samples for culture and sensitivity were sent to the in-house laboratory of the hospital where the reporting was done by the pathology department. They were inoculated and then intubated, and gram staining was performed. Antibiotic resistance and susceptibility were measured by the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory standards institute (CSLI) guidelines. Results The most common isolated organism was Escherichia coli (E. coli) in 65 (24%) patients, the next most common was Acinetobacter species in 62 (23%), followed by Pseudomonas species 52(19%), Klebsiella species 32 (13%), Staphylococcus aureus 30 (11%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococci 20 (7%), Enterobacter species (2%), and Citrobacter species (1%). The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was highest for aminoglycosides and carbapenems like amikacin (78%), meropenem (71%), and imipenem (63%). Acinetobacter was most sensitive to colistin (100%), amikacin (31%), meropenem (21%), and cefoperazone + sulbactam (21%). Pseudomonas was also most sensitive to colistin (93%) and after that amikacin (52%), meropenem (52%), and imipenem (44%). Klebsiella was most sensitive to colistin (86%), imipenem (60%), and aminoglycosides (50%). Among gram-positive organisms, Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to linezolid (100%) and vancomycin (100%). Conclusion The vast majority of isolated organisms in this study were gram-negative bacteria, and most were showing high antimicrobial resistance. The antibiograms should be developed and regularly updated at every ward and hospital. There is a need to bring more awareness about the proper use of antimicrobials among healthcare workers, and antimicrobial stewardship programs can help in this matter.
A biogeographic reversal in sexual size dimorphism along a continental temperature gradient

37 The magnitude and direction of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) varies greatly across the animal 38 kingdom, reflecting differential selection pressures on the reproductive and/or ecological roles of 39 males and females. If the selection pressures and constraints imposed on body size change along 40 environmental gradients, then SSD will vary geographically in a predictable way. Here, we uncover a 41 biogeographical reversal in SSD of lizards from Central and North America: in warm, low latitude 42 environments, males are larger than females, but at colder, high latitudes, females are larger than 43 males. Comparisons to expectations under a Brownian motion model of SSD evolution indicate that 44 this pattern reflects differences in the evolutionary rates and/or trajectories of sex-specific body sizes. 45 The SSD gradient we found is strongly related to mean annual temperature, but is independent of 46 species richness and body size differences among species within grid cells, suggesting that the 47 biogeography of SSD reflects gradients in sexual and/or fecundity selection, rather than intersexual 48 niche divergence to minimize intraspecific competition. We demonstrate that the SSD gradient is 49 driven by stronger variation in male size than in female size and is independent of clutch mass. This 50 suggests that gradients in sexual selection and male-male competition, rather than fecundity selection 51 to maximize reproductive output by females in seasonal environments, are predominantly responsible 52 for the gradient. 53
COVID-19 Stress and Depression: Examining Social Media, Traditional Media, and Interpersonal Communication

Abstract Prior research has found that infectious disease outbreaks such as that of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are associated with adverse mental health, especially among individuals with more exposure to COVID-19. Less studied are the possible relationships of media use and interpersonal communication as they relate to COVID-19 exposure and mental health outcomes. In the current study, a structural equation model tested the direct and indirect relationships of a variety of proximity variables including COVID-19 exposure, media use (traditional and social), and interpersonal communication on stress and depression with a U.S. sample of 1,545 adults. Results found that COVID-19 exposure had a direct effect on stress and an indirect effect on stress and depression through media use (traditional and social) and interpersonal communication.
Covid‐19, Economic Growth and South African Fiscal Policy

Even before Covid-19 South African fiscal policy was unsustainable, following years of fast-rising debt levels. We show this estimating a fiscal reaction function in a Markov-switching model. However, the effects of the Covid-19 crisis worsened the fiscal position further. To restore fiscal sustainability in the aftermath of the crisis some commentators argue that higher government expenditure will grow GDP sufficiently to stabilise the debt/GDP ratio. We reject this, showing that although a real increase in expenditure stimulates economic growth (a short-run, once-off effect), the public expenditure/GDP ratio exceeds the level at which an increase in the ratio positively impacts growth.
Intergroup contact fosters more inclusive social identities

We examined how people construct their social identities from multiple group memberships—and whether intergroup contact can reduce prejudice by fostering more inclusive social identities. South Indian participants (N = 351) from diverse caste backgrounds viewed 24 identity cards, each representing a person with whom participants shared none, one, two, or all of three group memberships (caste, religion, nationality). Participants judged each person as “us” or “not us,” showing whom they included in their ingroup, and whom they excluded. Participants tended to exclude caste and religious minorities, replicating persistent social divides. Bridging these divides, cross-group friendship was associated with more inclusive identities which, in turn, were associated with more positive relations between an advantaged, an intermediate, and a disadvantaged caste group. Negative contact was associated with less inclusive identities. Contact and identity processes, however, did not affect entrenched opposition to (or undermine support for) affirmative action in advantaged and disadvantaged groups.
Determinants of Different Types of Positive Environmental Behaviors: An Analysis of Public and Private Sphere Actions

A survey of 1206 participants investigated determinants of positive environmental behaviors (PEBs) in Switzerland. Based on a principle component analysis on data for 23 different PEBs, three behavior types were distinguished: (i) public sphere PEBs with politically mediated impacts; (ii) socially salient private “lighthouse” PEBs that convey a pro-environmental message; and (iii) less socially salient private PEBs. An environmental behavior model identified general environmental knowledge and attitudes as the strongest predictors of PEBs, followed by green self-identity, justifications, assumed consequences, prescriptive social norms, gender, age, and perceived behavioral control (PBC), respectively. To promote sustainability-oriented behaviors and achieve corresponding societal and economic changes, the identified psychological factors need to be promoted by education and communication strategies as well as complementary measures ranging from policy changes to technology development and systems design. Green self-identity turned out to be significantly more influential for private PEBs than for public sphere PEBs, whereas prescriptive social norms and environmental knowledge were more important for public sphere PEBs. These findings indicate that promoting different types of sustainability-oriented behaviors may require distinct strategies. Public sphere PEBs may be enhanced well by conveying social practices and norms, whereas the promotion of a pro-environmental green self-identity may increase private sphere PEBs effectively.
EVALUATION OF CATTLE OVARIES AND FOLLICLES BY HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS FOR POTENTIAL IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF EMBRYOS IN TROPICAL CONDITIONS

Background. Reproduction is important in animal production, and follicle evaluation is a remarkable reproductive aspect by which ovaries can be accurately evaluated since ovarian follicles are the organ's functional units and each contain an oocyte and related somatic cells. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the abattoir cattle ovaries and follicles for potential in vitro production of embryos. Methodology. Ovaries were collected and categorized based on the presence of corpus luteum (CL; with or without). Thereafter, ovaries were processed and follicles were counted through naked eye estimation as well histologically. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure in SAS. Also, relationships between follicles in both types of ovaries were calculated using Pearson correlations. Results. From a total of sixteen cattle ovaries, 62.5% had absence of CL whereas 37.5% ovaries had CL. Regarding morphometric measurements, ovaries with CL were 48% higher (P < 0.05) in weight than those ovaries without CL. Correlations between length and weight in ovaries without CL were high (r= 0.87) and, diameter and weight in ovaries with CL were low (r= 0.41). Results exposed that the amount of follicles with 2-6 mm diameter were significantly (P < 0.05) higher (61% more) in ovaries without CL compared to those with CL. Primary and secondary follicles presence were higher (P < 0.05) in ovaries without CL (120% more) than in those with CL (89%). Greater (P < 0.05) numbers of normal and lower (P < 0.05) amount of degenerated follicles were found in ovaries without CL. Implications. Overall, our data suggest that ovaries without CL are a potential source for quality follicles and this study provides new insights that may serve as the baseline information to produce high-quality oocyte with potential use for in vitro production of tropical cattle. Conclusions. This study corroborated that CL influences growth and development of the follicles and cell degeneration. As a result, the developmental competence of oocytes and embryo production will be negatively affected by the ovaries with CL. Ovaries without CL will provide quality follicles and cumulus-oocyte complexes.
Electrophysiological characterisation of atrial volume receptors using ex vivo models of isolated rat cardiac atria

What is the central question of this study? What ex vivo preparation of the rat's cavoatrial junction is efficient for characterising atrial mechanoreceptors? What is the main finding and its importance? Of four different ex vivo preparations, static pressure, flow, open and euthermic, the optimal preparation was the euthermic one and involved direct recording from the right cardiac vagal branch with a Langendorff style perfusion at 37°C. Type A receptors were most common, and appeared insensitive to stretch and sensitive to atrial contraction. Type B and intermediate receptors were not isolated at 20°C but were observed closer to 37°C. The findings may suggest that type A and B receptors utilise different molecular transduction mechanisms.
INTRASPECIFIC KILLING EVENTS IN SIGMODONTINE RODENTS (Oecomys cf. cleberi AND Oligoryzomys nigripes)

Agonistic events can cause the death of one or more individuals involved and can be an important factor in population structure. The recording of these interactions between small mammals in situ is a difficult task. Here, we describe for the first time two intraspecific killing events occurred inside traps between male sigmodontine rodents belonging to the species Oligoryzomys nigripes and Oecomys cf. cleberi in a Neotropical savanna (Cerrado). We discuss on the nature of the aggression between the males by examining the location of injuries. Our results provide insight into intra-sexual behavioral competition that may occur.
Model of Organizational Learning Culture on Knowledge Sharing Behavior

The old research revealed that job attitudes were not correlated by a knowledge sharing behavior. This research develops to investigate the role organizational learning culture in context relations forming knowledge sharing behavior. Using a survey, 100 person graduates from Work Training Center involved as a respondent in this project from periods 2019 to 2020. This research was conducted with a quantitative method’s include variables job attitude, OCB, organizational learning culture, and knowledge sharing behavior. The data were measured by likert scale from 1 to 5 and collected by using a questionnaire measure. Research model develops with job attitudes as an independent variable, OCB as a mediation variable, organizational learning culture as a moderator variable and knowledge sharing behavior as a dependent variable was supported by SmartPLS3. The output investigation reveals that job attitude is a significantly factor linked to knowledge sharing behavior, and also correlated to organizational citizenship behavior. The other situation create that organizational citizenship behavior was not a significant variable on knowledge sharing behavior, and also OCB was not a mediation variable for knowledge sharing behavior. The exploration discloses that organizational learning culture has a moderate significant weather OCB towards knowledge sharing behavior or job attitude towards OCB, but insignificant for job attitudes on knowledge sharing behavior. Study concluded that job attitude has a significant outcome on OCB and knowledge sharing behavior. Organizational learning culture provides a strengthening of the association between job attitudes towards OCB and the association between OCB and knowledge sharing behavior. The study gives a new contribution that job attitudes affect both on OCB and on knowledge sharing behavior and organizational learning culture moderate job attitudes on OCB and OCB on knowledge sharing behavior, but not moderate job attitudes on knowledge sharing behavior. This study has limitations on several indicators of OCB and organizational learning culture while there are still other indicators, so the researcher recommends the necessity to practice other indicator that are not covered as a new research agenda in future. The results of the study indicate the direct effect of job attitudes on knowledge sharing behavior is still weak, so the researcher suggested a future research to test the organizational learning culture as a moderator variable that can provide strengthening of knowledge sharing behavior in other sectors such as in business or public sectors.
Impact of Carnatic music training on the mathematical ability of children

ABSTRACT Studies in the field of music and transfer of learning have established a correlation between music learning and achievement in subjects such as Mathematics. An experimental study was conducted to understand the impact of Carnatic music training on mathematical ability in early formative education. Students aged 5 years 6 months to 8 years 6 months were assessed for their mathematical ability using a pre- and post-test in experimental and control groups. Music intervention in the form of basic Carnatic music lessons was provided to the experimental group along with the standard educational curriculum unlike the control group that just received the standard curriculum. Results from the study revealed a statistically significant improvement in mathematical ability for the students in the experimental group in comparison to the control group. This study indicates the educational implications of incorporating music into the school curriculum and its impact on cognitive abilities.