Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
R2R3-MYB Gene Evolution in Plants, Incorporating Ferns into the Story

Premise of research. MYB transcription factors are one of the largest families of genes in land plants. They are involved in many regulatory processes, such as primary and secondary metabolism, cell fate and identity, developmental processes, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Phylogenetic studies have mainly focused on R2R3-MYB evolution in seed plants; however, a comprehensive sampling across land plants is lacking, as none have included ferns. Methodology. To better understand the evolution of R2R3-MYB genes in land plants, we surveyed the R2R3-MYB gene sequences from six genomes belonging to the main lineages of land plants (bryophytes, lycophytes, ferns, angiosperms, and gymnosperms). In addition, we searched transcriptome sequences of selected fern and lycophyte transcriptomes. We assembled a nucleotide matrix of the MYB domain and conducted maximum likelihood analyses to infer phylogenetic relationships and gene-tree reconciliation analyses to infer gene duplications. We labeled the main clades with the known MYB functions onto the resulting tree. To detect reported as well as new conserved motifs, we ran protein motif analyses through MEME. Pivotal results. Our results support previous studies indicating that R2R3-MYBs in seed plants are more diverse than in any other lineage of vascular plants. Most of the well-supported clades recovered are inferred to be already present in the ancestor of land plants. We found that ferns have numerous copies of R2R3-MYBs, although not as many as seed plants. Protein motif analyses revealed that R2R3-MYB motifs are highly conserved across land plants, suggesting that most R2R3-MYB orthologues, including those of ferns, might have DNA-binding capabilities and could be involved in regulatory processes that are similar to those of their angiosperm homologues. Our analyses showed that there are no fern orthologues of the angiosperm MYB leaf developmental genes ARP, raising interesting questions about the evolution and origin of leaves in ferns and seed plants. Conclusions. Our results provide the phylogenetic context for research on the genetic and functional evolution of an important gene family of developmental and metabolic regulators across the plant tree of life.
Pro‐inflammatory dopamine‐2 receptor‐specific T cells in paediatric movement and psychiatric disorders

A dysregulated inflammatory response against the dopamine‐2 receptor (D2R) has been implicated in movement and psychiatric disorders. D2R antibodies were previously reported in a subset of these patients; however, the role of T cells in these disorders remains unknown. Our objective was to identify and characterise pro‐inflammatory D2R‐specific T cells in movement and psychiatric disorders.
The pressure dependence of the intraimpurity absorption and the charge transfer process of ZnS:Ni and ZnSe:Ni

The absorption spectra of ZnS:Ni and ZnSe:Ni were measured at 100 K under hydrostatic pressure up to 10 GPa. Two kinds of optical transition were investigated: (i) the d-d transitions between crystal field levels of Ni2+ in the tetrahedral field of the host lattice and (ii) a charge transfer band that occurs when an electron is transferred from the valence band to the Ni2+ ion. The pressure dependence of the crystal field parameter Dq and of the Racah parameter B were determined and a revised assignment of the d-d transitions was obtained. The charge transfer can be considered as a deep-acceptor transition. In this case the Ni acceptor level may be used as an energy reference, which enabled us to determine the hydrostatic deformation potential of the valence band.
Injury patterns differ with age in male youth football: a four-season prospective study of 1111 time-loss injuries in an elite national academy

Objectives To describe age group patterns for injury incidence, severity and burden in elite male youth football. Methods Prospective cohort study capturing data on individual exposure and time-loss injuries from training and matches over four seasons (2016/2017 through 2019/2020) at a national football academy (U13–U18; age range: 11–18 years). Injury incidence was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 hours, injury severity as the median number of days lost and injury burden as the number of days lost per 1000 hours. Results We included 301 players (591 player-seasons) and recorded 1111 time-loss injuries. Overall incidence was 12.0 per 1000 hours (95% CI 11.3 to 12.7) and burden was 255 days lost per 1000 hours (252 to 259). The mean incidence for overall injuries was higher in the older age groups (7.8 to 18.6 injuries per 1000 hours), while the greatest burden was observed in the U16 age group (425 days; 415 to 435). In older age groups, incidence and burden were higher for muscle injuries and lower for physis injuries. Incidence of joint sprains and bone stress injuries was greatest for players in the U16, U17 and U18 age groups, with the largest burden observed for U16 players. No clear age group trend was observed for fractures. Conclusion Injury patterns differed with age; tailoring prevention programmes may be possible.
Comparison of Woven EndoBridge device sizing with conventional measurements and virtual simulation using the Sim&Size software: a multicenter experience

Background Selection of the appropriate device size mandatory during aneurysm treatment with a Woven EndoBridge (WEB). We aimed to investigate if virtual simulation with Sim&Size software may have an impact on technical, angiographic, and clinical outcomes after WEB treatment. Methods Data from two large-volume centers were collected and compared (January 2017–January 2020). Virtual simulation was systematically adopted in one center, while conventional sizing was used in the other one. Outcomes were the duration of intervention, the radiation dose (in milligrays, the number of corrective interventions for inappropriate WEB size, the number of WEBs not deployed, angiographic occlusion, and complications. Univariate and multivariate linear models were adopted. Results A total of 186 aneurysms were treated with WEB (109 with and 77 without virtual simulation). Patient characteristics and aneurysm features were comparable among virtual and conventional sizing, except for mean age (62.2±11.8 years and 56.2±10.1 years, P=0.0004) and median aspect ratio (1.6, IQR=1.2–2 and 1.2, IQR=1–1.6, P=0.0001). Years of operator experience were comparable. Virtual simulation was independently associated with shorter intervention time (45 min, IQR=33–63.5 min vs 63.5 min, IQR=41–84.7 min, P=0.0001), lower radiation dose (1051 mGy, IQR=815–1399 mGy vs 1207 mGy, IQR=898–2084 mGy, P=0.0001), and lower number of WEBs not deployed (26/77=33.7% vs 8/109=7.3%, P=0.0001). The need for additional maneuvers was significantly lower in the virtual simulation group (5/109=4.6% vs 12/77=15.6%, P=0.021). Angiographic outcomes and complications were comparable. Conclusions In this multicenter experience, virtual simulation with Sim&Size software seems to facilitate the selection of the appropriate WEB device for aneurysm treatment, reducing the time of intervention, the radiation dose, the number of devices not deployed, and the need for corrective interventions. Trial registration number clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04621552.
Cannibalism in Raptors: A Review

Abstract. Feeding strategies, including cannibalism (in which an individual eats a member of the same species), are an important aspect of predator ecology. Cannibalism comprises five forms in raptors: siblicide, filicide, non-parental infanticide, conspecific strife, and conspecific scavenging. Cannibalism by raptors has been documented opportunistically for over a century, but it is unknown how frequent or widespread the behavior is. We performed the first systematic literature review and meta-analyses of the studies documenting filicide, non-parental infanticide, conspecific strife, and conspecific scavenging by raptors. We found 29 reports of these types of cannibalism; we did not review reports of siblicide due to the high frequency of the behavior, making it nearly ubiquitous among raptors. Filicide had nearly twice as many reports (n = 11, 37.9%) as any other type of cannibalism. Most reports were direct observations (n = 23, 79.3%), and nearly half the reports came from North America (n = 14, 48.3%) and approximately a third from Europe (n = 10, 34.5%). The 29 reports involved 25 raptor species from four families, with those from Accipitridae most common (n = 19, 65.5%). Cannibalism in raptors varies but most involves nestlings, which are easier to kill than adults, possibly because brood reduction can help the stronger young survive. Documented reports of cannibalism are increasing, possibly due to recent technological advancements that have increased our ability to document cannibalism and other ecological processes. Nevertheless, we encourage future reports of cannibalism from under-represented locations and for taxa that are less well studied.
Interrelationship of Organic Acids and Aluminum Concentrations in Rhizosphere and Nonrhizosphere Soil Solution of Rice in Acidic Soil

To study the interrelationship of organic acids and aluminum concentrations in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soil solution of rice (var. Satabdi and IR 64) in acidic soil, plants were grown in plastic pots containing 500 g soil. Three organic acids (viz., tartaric, oxalic, and citric acids) were identified and quantified in rice rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils. Organic acids were found more in the rhizosphere soil and at early stages of crop growth, decreased sharply after 30 days of germination, and found in negligible quantity after 45 days of germination. Regression analysis revealed a significant and negative relationship between solution aluminum and organic acid. Satabdi showed greater organic acid concentration in rhizosphere soil, leading to significantly lower root and shoot aluminum concentrations and consequently significantly greater dry-matter production as well as root volume, compared to IR 64. The findings established that organic acids can effectively reduce aluminum concentration in soil solution.
Eine neue Pyrrolring-Synthese

The Michael-type addition of 1-nitropropene to the N-substituted esters of β-aminocrotonic acid VIIIa and VIIIc leads directly to N-substituted 2,4-dimethyl-4-carbethoxy-pyrroles IVa and IVd in good yields.
RESIDUE STABILITY STUDY IN A THERMAL CATALYTIC STEAM CRACKING PROCESS THROUGH THEORETICAL ESTIMATION OF THE SOLUBILITY PARAMETER

A theoretical model is applied to calculate the theoretical distributions of the solubility parameter of resins and asphaltenes, so as to evaluate residue quality of a thermal catalytic steam cracking process more in depth. It is attempted to explain the greater stability of such process in regard to visbreaking residue. Theoretical solubility profiles calculated upon physicochemical characterization of these chemical groups coincide with the experiment stability results obtained from the pilot plant runs of 1barrel/day capacity. Results evidence that thermal catalytic steam cracking produces a residue with a less content of asphaltenes than that produced in Visbreaking, and that such residue is more easily soluble according to the solubility profile estimated. Likewise, compatibility index between resins and asphaltenes indicates that, though asphaltene nature plays an important role in the greater stability of thermal catalytic steam cracked residues with regard to those visbroken, the greater relative quantity of resins seems to be the main factor for the case analyzed in this study.
Evaluation of anti-hemagglutinin Hn-33 single domain antibodies: kinetics, binding epitopes, and thermal stability

Botulinum Neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is produced by Clostridium botulinum as a complex with Neurotoxin-Associated Proteins (NAPs) which protect the toxin from proteases and promote adsorption in the gut. Hemagglutinin 33 (Hn-33) makes up the largest fraction of NAPs in the BoNT/A complex. We characterised single domain antibodies (sdAb) which bind Hn-33; the dissociation constant (Kd) varied from 3.8 × 10−9 M to 1.3 × 10−10 M. Sandwich assays showed that the six sdAb bind two distinct epitopes on Hn-33. Circular dichroism was used to monitor sdAb's secondary structure, thermal denaturing upon heating and rapid refolding upon cooling.
EmpathyAut: an empathy map for people with autism

When developing software for autistic people, the design techniques have to ensure that the physical and cognitive conditions do not prevent the interaction with the software. Empathy Map is an important tool for most of interface projects. However, the tool's components related to "Listen", "Think and Feel", "See", and "Say" may be problematic for autistic users with low/medium degree of functioning, therefore requiring adaptation. This is due to cognitive impairment and limitations caused by this disorder on verbal communication. To address these issues, this work presents the initial proposal of EmpathyAut which is based on the traditional Empathy Map model, but has sections that are more compatible with the reality of autistic people. The main EpathyAut goal is to improve empathy between the interface designers and autistic users. The EmpathyAut covers the autistic people's main affected areas, namely interaction, communication, behavior, and cognition.
Precise Lattice Parameters of Selected Rare Earth Tetra- and Hexa-borides1

Refractory tetraborides and hexaborides of seven of the rsre earth elements were prepared by heating intimate mixtures of the sesquioxide and boron in a high vacuum in tantalum molybdenum, or graphite crucibles. Preparatory procedures were varied until single phase samples were obtained. The samples were analyzed by chemical and x-ray diffraction procedures. Precise lattice parameters of the samples were obtained by analytical extrapolation using a digital computer. Some new phases of unknown composition and structure were observed. The results indicate a pronounced difference between the tetraborides and the hexaborides in the trends of their lattice parameters. The tetraborides show a nearly linear decrease in lattice parameters through the series, but the hexaborides show an irregular decrease. (auth)
The thermal diffusivity of water at high pressures and temperatures

Thermal diffusivities of fluid water have been measured to a pressure of 3.5 GPa, a density of 1.4 g cm−3 and a temperature of 400 °C. Above 100 °C, both the diffusivities and the related conductivities are found, unexpectedly, to scale as the square-root of absolute temperature; in contrast, the excess conductivities are highly dependent on temperature. Measurements at 25 °C, extending into a metastable regime with respect to ice VI, do not scale in this manner and this anomalous behavior is not suppressed by pressures up to 1.3 GPa.
Effect of Rigid Ankle Foot Orthosis on Postural Control and Functional mobility in Chronic Ambulatory Stroke Patients

Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in adults. Damage to the motor cortex or corticospinal tract often results in contralateral hemiplegia with significant persistent distal weakness. Gait impairments are common in stroke patients and are mainly attributed to motor control deficits. Majority of the stroke patients exhibit a spastic equinus foot. This is usually related to spasticity of triceps surae or contracture of this muscle or tendon, resulting in reduced active ankle dorsiflexion both during stance and swing phases, which is referred to as drop foot. Another common finding in the gait of stroke patients is varus deformity of the foot, which is frequently caused by spasticity of the posterior tibial muscle.
The Role of Promotion in Mobile Wallet Adoption – A Research in Vietnam

Mobile wallet is an application that allows users to make online payments using their mobile phones In the context of an outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic in Vietnam and the world, mobile wallets are considered having many opportunities to change people's cash spending habits The current study assesses the factors impact on the intention to use the mobile wallet, focusing on understanding the relationship of promotion with common factors in technology adoption research such as perceived risk, perceived usefulness, habits, social influences The research results also show the direct and indirect effects of promotion on intent to use From this result, 7 of 9 research hypotheses were accepted Promotion, often overlooked by researchers, has been proven to be a critical factor when researching technology adoption because it significantly improves the level of intentional interpretation of the research model This study will be the premise for future researches when studying adoption technology, researchers could integrate promotion to the model to achieve a significant improvement in the level of interpretation as showed in this study © 2020 ASTES Publishers All rights reserved
Influence of Organic Fertilization on Nutritional Characteristics and Antioxidant Capacity of Melon Fruits

This study aimed to investigate the influence of organic fertilization on nutritional characteristics and antioxidant capacity of three melon varieties fruits (Cucumis melo L.) Hybrid 15 F1, Desserten 5, and Galia. The trials were carried out under greenhouse conditions in the infested with root-knot nematodes soil. Galia was grown with mineral fertilization. The other two varieties were treated with organic fertilizers Liquid “Humus Active” during vegetation and Neem cake twice before planting and during flowering. The dry matter, ash, titratable acidity, pH, carbohydrate, protein, lipid content, pigments, total phenols, and total flavonoids, and the antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Desserten 5 demonstrated the highest sugars content – sucrose (5.32 g/100 g), glucose (1.35 g/100 g) and fructose (2.51 g/100 g), as well as the highest carotenoids (90 μg/100 g fw), total phenols (540 mg GAE/100 g fw), and total flavonoids content (73 mg QE/100 g fw) and antioxidant capacity(25 mM TE/100 g). The results revealed that the nutritional value of melon fruits could be improved by using organic fertilization for the production of foods for healthy nutrition.
Assessing Monetary Model of Exchange Rate Determination: Case of Indonesia

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020. 5.6. 609 Vol 5 | Issue 6 | November 2020 1 Abstract — The main purpose of this paper is to assess the exchange rate determination in Indonesia after the Asian financial crisis. We use the Monetary Model to assess the prediction of the Indonesian Rupiah against the United States Dollar and other currencies of the largest trade partners of Indonesia. The models are the Flexible Price Monetary Model and the Sticky Price Monetary Model. We estimate short-run and long-run relationships using the Error Correction Model. The Monetary Model can explain partially the exchange rate variations, but the signs of money, income, and fiscal balance are not as expected. The causality may run from the exchange rate to money and price level.
From Danish Conglomerate to Global Specialist

Over the past decade, European businesses have accelerated internationalization, expanding within and beyond Europe. I argue that a major driving force behind this push towards global presence is the restructuring of corporate diversification strategies, which in turn is a result of gradual changes in industry structure and the institutional environment in home markets as well as global markets. The strategic change converts diversified conglomerates to global specialists in narrower niche markets. It brings them in direct confrontation with a small number of key competitors operating worldwide. On this stage, key competitive advantages are gained by making best use of resources across the world, and by effective global integration of operations. Hence dediversification and internationalization are opposite sides of the same coin: globalfocusing. The argument is developed based on inductive case research of the restructuring in two Danish manufacturing enterprises, and a review of overall trends in Danish businesses. On this basis, I analyze the economic and institutional forces driving this process, and suggest propositions for empirical testing. The paper points to consequences of liberalization, and is thus of high relevance for managers and policy makers in countries that are not yet as open as Denmark.
Association of Acute Otitis Media with Breast Feeding Position Among Infants in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the commonest disease of childhood. High incidence of AOM might be due to immature Eustachian Tube and immaturity of immune system. Exclusive breast feeding is protective against acute otitis media, however, improper breastfeeding position can increase AOM occurrence in infants. This study aims to assess the association of improper breastfeeding position with occurrence of Acute otitis media in infants and to assess association of Maternal educational levels with feeding positions. 220 breastfed infants satisfying inclusion criteria with diagnosed AOM were enrolled. Study was conducted over a period of 6 months from August 2019 to January 2020. Demographic details and Detailed history regarding feeding positions and maternal educational levels were obtained through a Self-structured proforma from parents. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics and chi square test and p value less than 0.5 was set significant. Out of 220 infants, 123(55.90%) were male and 97(44.10%) were females. AOM was more common in male infants than female infants, however it was not statistically significant(p=0.169). The mean age for enrolled infants(1-12months) was 6.90(±3.413). Statistically significant association between increase incidence of AOM and breastfeeding position was found(p=0.032). We also found a statistically significant association between maternal educational levels and breastfeeding position (p= 0.000). In this study, we have noted that Breastfeeding in supine position is associated significantly with increase in incidence of AOM. Feeding positions are statistically associated with Maternal Educational levels.
Risk score for assessment of adults with acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage: A prospective study

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding has created an increasing demand for medical and surgical care; in addition, It is potentially serious and considered life-threatening in all age groups. This prospective study aims to find out the most common causes of GI bleedings, the incidence, the mode of treatment, and to investigate whether a simplified clinical score was able to predict the level of severity in the emergency department. About 170 patients aged (19 – 73) years who had been admitted to the emergency department in Baghdad teaching hospital were prospectively evaluated according to the causes of GI bleeding they presented with, the mode of treatment, and the degree of severity. Out of 170 patients included in this study, 95 patients (55.88%) were males, and 75 patients (44.12%) were females, with an average age of 41.11 years. The causes of GI bleeding were peptic ulcer (29.41%), gastritis (18.82%), diverticulitis (8.82%), hemorrhoids (8.23%), colonic cancer (7.64%), inflammatory bowel diseases (7.64%), anal fissure (7.05%), mesenteric ischemia (7.05%) and oesophagal varices (5.29%). Most of the cases of a peptic ulcer due to duodenal ulcer. Diagnostic endoscopy and conservative management were the main modes of treatment in these patients. Peptic ulcer and gastritis appear to be the main causes of GI bleeding, especially upper GI bleeding, while diverticulitis seems to be the main cause of lower GI bleeding and can be managed conservatively. Haemorrhoids and anal fissures will be managed surgically, either elective or emergency surgery. Also, our simplified clinical score appeared to be associated with the detection of the level of severity, which may deserve urgent interventions.