Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vickers Hardness and Shrinkage Stress Evaluation of Low and High Viscosity Bulk-Fill Resin Composite

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the hardness and shrinkage stress (SS) of six bulk-fill resin composites. To evaluate microhardness (MH), ten 6 mm specimens were prepared using a metal mold for each selected bulk-fill resin composite and irradiated from the top side for 40 s using an LED light. After 24 h of storage, Vickers MH was evaluated on the upper, lower and lateral sides of the specimens. SS evaluation was then performed with a universal machine, which evaluated the contraction force generated by a bulk-fill composite specimen placed between two metal cylinders during and after light curing. The results were evaluated with a one-way ANOVA test with a post-hoc Bonferroni test and linear regression analysis (p < 0.05). All materials showed a significant MH decrease between the top and bottom surfaces. However, the bulk-fill materials tested performed differently when considering lateral depth progression. ANOVA tests for SS evaluation showed that both SDR and Venus Bulk Fill had significantly lower stress during irradiation than other tested materials. Further, MH decrease became significantly lower from the top surface at different depths in each tested group. Among the different resins, Venus Bulk Fill and SDR showed not only inferior hardness, but also a significant reduction in SS.
Polymethyl Methacrylate-Based Bone Cements Containing Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide: An Overview of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties

Every year, millions of people in the world get bone diseases and need orthopedic surgery as one of the most important treatments. Owing to their superior properties, such as acceptable biocompatibility and providing great primary bone fixation with the implant, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cements (BCs) are among the essential materials as fixation implants in different orthopedic and trauma surgeries. On the other hand, these BCs have some disadvantages, including Lack of bone formation and bioactivity, and low mechanical properties, which can lead to bone cement (BC) failure. Hence, plenty of studies have been concentrating on eliminating BC failures by using different kinds of ceramics and polymers for reinforcement and also by producing composite materials. This review article aims to evaluate mechanical properties, self-setting characteristics, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of the PMMA-based BCs composites containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and carbon-based compounds. In the present study, we compared the effects of CNTs and GO as reinforcement agents in the PMMA-based BCs. Upcoming study on the PMMA-based BCs should concentrate on trialing combinations of these carbon-based reinforcing agents as this might improve beneficial characteristics.
Hospitalization outcome of heart diseases between patients who received medical care by cardiologists and non-cardiologist physicians: A propensity-score matched study

Background and aims The effects of physician specialty on the outcome of heart disease remains incompletely understood because of inconsistent findings from some previous studies. Our purpose is to compare the admission outcomes of heart disease in patients receiving care by cardiologists and noncardiologist (NC) physicians. Methods Using reimbursement claims data of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance from 2008–2013, we conducted a matched study of 6264 patients aged ≥20 years who received a cardiologist’s care during admission for heart disease. Using a propensity score matching procedure adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, medical condition, and type of heart disease, 6264 controls who received an NC physician’s care were selected. Logistic regressions were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for complications and mortality during admission for heart disease associated with a cardiologist’s care. Results Patients who received a cardiologist’s care had a lower risk of pneumonia (OR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.53–0.70), septicemia (OR = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.39–0.61), urinary tract infection (OR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66–0.88), and in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.29–0.47) than did patients who received an NC physician’s care. The association between a cardiologist’s care and reduced adverse events following admission was significant in both sexes and in patients aged ≥40 years. Conclusion We raised the possibility that cardiologist care was associated with reduced infectious complications and mortality among patients who were admitted due to heart disease.
Heterogenous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein H1 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression through the Stabilization of mRNA of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Lyase 1

The oncogenic properties of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (hnRNP H1) have been reported, although the tumor-promoting mechanism remains unclear. We herein report the mechanism underlying colorectal cancer cell progression mediated by hnRNP H1. The growth of colorectal cancer cells was suppressed by hnRNP H1 downregulation. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay revealed the anti-apoptotic effect of hnRNP H1 in colorectal cancer cells. An RNA immunoprecipitation assay revealed that hnRNP H1 bound to sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 (SGPL1). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the high expression of hnRNP H1 mRNA in colorectal cancer cells and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient showed a strong positive correlation between hnRNP H1 mRNA and SGPL1 mRNA. An siRNA of hnRNP H1 decreased SGPL1 mRNA expression in colorectal cancer cells, but not in non-tumorous cells. These findings suggested that hnRNP H1 increased SGPL1 mRNA expression specifically in cancer cells through direct binding. Targeted knockdown of hnRNP H1 or SGPL1 with siRNAs upregulated p53 phosphorylation and p53-associated molecules, resulting in cell growth inhibition, while hnRNP H1 upregulated the mRNA of SGPL1 and inhibited p53 activation, thereby promoting tumor cell growth. This is a novel mechanism underlying colorectal cancer cell progression mediated by hnRNP H1–SGPL1 mRNA stabilization.
Habitat Use of Sympatric Rattlesnake Species Within the Gulf Coastal Plain

Abstract The eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) and timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) are sympatric throughout most of southern Georgia, USA. We used rattlesnake sightings to quantify and compare habitat use by these 2 species in the Gulf Coastal Plain. At the largest scale examined, univariate statistics and logistic regression models indicated that eastern diamondback rattlesnakes were associated with roads but not with any of the specific habitat types we examined. In contrast, timber rattlesnakes were closely associated with hardwood habitat and riverine systems but not with roads and edges. To effectively conserve and manage both species in the Southeast, a habitat matrix of large intact patches of both hardwood and pine (Pinus spp.) forest may be necessary.
The Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Functional Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity in People with COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted r = 0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted r = 0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted r = 0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest.
Genetic divergence in pumpkin

Genetic divergence using Mahalanobis's D2 statistic was studied for 13 quantitative characters in 21 diverse pumpkin genotypes. The genotypes differed significantly for all the 13 characters considered collectively and were grouped in 10 clusters on the basis of relative magnitude of D2 values. The maximum genetic distance was observed between clusters III and VI. The characters namely number of days to first female flowering, vine length, number of first female flowering node, fruit weight, number of seeds per fruit, number of fruits per vine and thousand seed weight contributed maximum divergence and played major role in the improvement of fruit yield in pumpkin.
Chromosome microarray analysis should be offered to all invasive prenatal diagnostic testing following a normal rapid aneuploidy test result

Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has now replaced karyotyping in the analysis of prenatal cases with a fetal structural anomaly, whereas in those pregnancies undergoing invasive prenatal diagnosis with a normal fetal ultrasound, conventional karyotyping is still performed. The aims of this study were to establish the diagnostic yield of CMA in prenatal diagnosis, and to provide new data that might contribute to reconsider current practices. We reviewed 2905 prenatal samples with a normal rapid aneuploidy detection test referred for evaluation by CMA testing. Our study revealed pathogenic and reported susceptibility copy number variants associated with syndromic disorders in 4.8% (n = 138/2905) of cases, being 2.8% (n = 81/2905) the estimated added diagnostic value of CMA over karyotyping. Clinically significant CMA abnormality was detected in 5.4% (107/1975) of the fetuses with ultrasound anomalies and in 1.4% (5/345) of those considered as low‐risk pregnancies. Our series shows that in prenatal samples, CMA increases 2‐fold the diagnostic yield achieved by conventional karyotyping.
Research on PLSA Model based Semantic Image Analysis: A Systematic Review

Semantic image analysis is an active topic of research in computer vision and pattern recognition. In the last decade, a huge number of related models have been proposed, among which probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA) is one of the most popular topic models due to its potential ability to capture the aspects that contain general information about visual co-occurrence. However, compared with various PLSA models and their corresponding applications in semantic image analysis, there is almost no review research and analysis about PLSA related studies. So the current paper, to begin with, elaborates the basic principles of the PLSA model, followed by summarizes PLSA with applications to image annotation, image retrieval, image classiﬁcation and several other applications. Subsequently, a detailed survey on PLSA model itself improvement, mainly including its initialization methods, visual words construction, adding hidden layers and integration with other models, is comprehensively and systematically reviewed. Finally, this paper is ended with a summary of some important conclusions and several potential research directions for semantic image analysis in the near future.
The Predictive Strength of Students' Self-Efficacy, Problem Solving Skills to Perform Catheter Care.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the predictive strength of students' self-efficacy, problem-solving skills, and other characteristics in performing intravenous practices and monitor phlebitis and infiltration. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out with 736 third and fourth-year students studying at the Health Sciences Faculties of Balikesir and Sakarya universities. The data were collected using the Self-Efficacy Scale, Problem-Solving Inventory and Catheter Care and Infiltration Monitoring Questionnaire. RESULTS The participants' mean Catheter Care and Infiltration Monitoring Questionnaire score significantly and positively correlated with their mean Self-Efficacy Scale score on a moderate level (r=.25; p <.001) but significantly and negatively correlated with their mean Problem-Solving Inventory score on a moderate level (r=-.21; p <.001). In other words, because a low Problem-Solving Inventory score indicates that the person's problem-solving skill is high, the Care and Infiltration Monitoring Questionnaire score increased as the problem-solving skill increased. While the Self-Efficacy Scale predicted the year of study and catheter care and infiltration monitoring variables positively, the Problem-Solving Inventory predicted the satisfaction with the profession variable negatively. CONCLUSION Self-efficacy, problem-solving, liking the profession, and year of study predict success in catheter care and infiltration monitoring. For this reason, guidance may be provided in the development of a comprehensive education system toward increasing students' problem-solving skills, self-efficacy, and professional knowledge and skills.
An Improved Two-steps Saliency Detection Algorithm based on Binarized Normed Gradients and Nuclear Norm Model in Video Sequences

Due to the Binarized Normed Gradients(BING) based saliency region detection suﬀers from low detection precision and high error detection rate, a novel improved image saliency regions detection method is proposed in this paper, which combines Bi-narized Normed Gradients for coarse location and low-rank decomposition model for ﬁne selection. Firstly, Histogram Threshold(HT) method is adopted to adaptively compute the optimal threshold value so as to reduce boundary detection error; Secondly, on the basis of candidate saliency regions detected by gradients boxes for coarse location, robust principal component analysis method is used to obtain the low-rank component for building a background model, and eliminate the background regions by background diﬀerential method. Qualitative analysis shows that our proposed method in this paper has obvious advantages in the precision and recall rate compared with other existing methods , which demonstrates that our method is a highly eﬃcient and reliable saliency regions detection.
SUGAR-LOWERING EFFECTS OF BITTER LEAF (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA) IN EXPERIMENTAL BROILER FINISHER CHICKENS Research Article

The anti-diabetic efficacy of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) leaf meal (VALM) was evaluated using broiler finishers’. Using 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% VALM representing diets A,B,C,D respectively to replace groundnut cake (GNC) in broiler finishers’ feed, a total of 144 Marshal brooded broilers weighing 500 – 610g were used in a study that lasted for 28 days. The birds were divided into 4 groups of 36 birds each. Each treatment group was further subdivided into 3 replicates of 12 birds in a Completely Randomised Design (CRD). At the expiration of the experiment, 3 birds per treatment were randomly selected and bled for blood samples. The biochemical indices determined includes Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Total protein and Globulin. The results indicated that the use of V. amygdalina did not significantly (P>0.05) affect the serum urea and creatinine of broiler birds. However, there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in blood glucose of the chicken as the level of inclusion of VALM increases. Also significant (P<0.05) differences were observed in total protein and globulin of the birds. The percentage reduction of glucose were 14.30%, 22.90% and 28.60% for treatments B, C and D respectively. These results clearly indicate that the administration of V. amygdalina at varying levels produced hypoglycaemic effects. V. amaygdalina also did not seem to have adverse effect on the liver and kidney, since the serum urea and creatinine levels were not significantly altered. It could be inferred that V. amaygdalina besides exhibiting hypoglycaemic activity is also safe for consumption as food or medicine, since there were no indication of toxicity judging from the values of the biomolecules evaluated.
Putative Cut‐Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes: An SDOC Analysis

Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cut‐points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC‐identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht2); and slowness (walking speed <.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality).
Three Unrecorded Helophorus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) Species for the Turkish Fauna*

Three newly recorded Helophorus Fabricius, 1775 species for Turkish fauna, Helophorus (Rhopalhelophorus) fulgidicollis Motschulsky, 1860, H. (R.) similis Kuwert, 1887 and H. (R.) subarcuatus Rey, 1885, are compared against our specimens. Furthermore, their distribution in Turkey and around the world is presented.
Androgen effect on body weight and behaviour of male and female rats: novel insight on the clinical value

Androgenic–anabolic steroids (AASs) are synthetic derivative forms of the hormone testosterone. Sustanon® 250 solution for injection is one of those AASs that is used for low hormone levels and is self‐administered for recreational purposes. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sustanon on the body weight of male and female rats. Animals were injected different doses of sustanon (vehicle, 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/kg, I.M., once/week, for 6 weeks), and the weights for each animal were obtained. The rats were observed for agitated/aggressive behaviours every other day. In the present study, sustanon injections at 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/kg treatments did not alter body weight in male rats compared to the control group. However, moderately high and supraphysiological doses of sustanon (3.2, 10 and 32 mg/kg) resulted in a significant increase in body weight after 1 month of weekly treatment in female rats. Aggressive/agitated behaviours were observed only in female rats at the period of weight increase. In conclusion, different doses of sustanon did not alter the body weight in male rats after 6 weeks of treatment but doses of 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in body weight of female rats.
Modeling and Estimating a Higher Systematic Co-Moment Asset Pricing Model in the Brazilian Stock Market

ABSTRACT Many asset pricing models assume that only the second-order systematic co-moment (CAPM beta) should be priced by investors. However, since asset returns are not normal, investors are also concerned about higher moments and systematic co-moments (co-skewness, co-kurtosis, and so on). This paper examines the determinants of Brazilian stock returns from the CAPM beta, and Fama-French size and value factors, using higher-order systematic co-moments that encompass risks above the traditional CAPM beta. Our results indicate that the CAPM beta, and the Fama-French size and value factors appear to be important for explaining returns in Brazil, and they jointly provide statistically significant explanatory power across almost all the sample return periods. In general, adding a set of higher-order systematic co-moments has moderate explanatory power. RESUMEN. Muchos modelos para determinar el precio patrimonial presuponen que únicamente el co-momento sistémico de segundo orden (CAPM beta) debería tener su precio determinado por los inversores. Sin embargo, como los retornos patrimoniales no son normales, los inversores también están preocupados con los momentos más altos y co-momentos sistemáticos (co-sesgos, co-kurtosis, y así sucesivamente). Este docu-mento examina las determinantes del retorno del capital accionario brasileño del CAPM beta, con factores de tamaño y valor Fama-French, utilizando co-momentos sistemá ticos de orden más alto que agrupan los riesgos sobre el CAPM beta tradicional. Nuestros resultados indican que el CAPM beta y los factores de tamaño y valor Fama-French parecen ser importante para explicar los retornos en el Brasil y, juntos, suministran el poder explanatorio estadísticamente importante a lo largo de todos los períodos de retorno muestra, adicionando en general un conjunto de co-momentos sistemáticos de alto orden tiene un poder explanatorio moderado. RESUMO. Muitos modelos de precificação de ativos assumem que apenas o segundo co-momento (beta do CAPM) deve ser considerado pelos investidores. No entanto, como os retornos dos ativos não são normais, os investidores devem se preocupar também com momentos e co-momentos de ordem superior (co-assimetria, co-curtose etc). Esse artigo analisa os determinantes dos retornos das ações brasileiras a partir do beta do CAPM, dos fatores tamanho e valor de Fama-French eusando co-momentos de ordem superior que abrangem riscos além do tradicional beta do CAPM. Osresultados indicam que o beta do CAPM e os fatores de Fama-French são importantes para explicar os retornos no Brasil, e possuem poder explanatório conjunto estatisticamente significativo em quase todos os períodos. Em geral, os co-momentos de ordem superior possuem poder explanatório moderado.
Complete Mitogenomes of Three Carangidae (Perciformes) Fishes: Genome Description and Phylogenetic Considerations

Carangidae are ecologically and economically important marine fish. The complete mitogenomes of three Carangidae species (Alectis indicus, Decapterus tabl, and Alepes djedaba) were sequenced, characterized, and compared with 29 other species of the family Carangidae in this study. The length of the three mitogenomes ranged from 16,530 to 16,610 bp, and the structures included 2 rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), 1 control region (a non-coding region), 13 protein-coding genes, and 22 tRNA genes. Among the 22 tRNA genes, only tRNA-Ser (GCT) was not folded into a typical cloverleaf secondary structure and had no recognizable DHU stem. The full-length sequences and protein-coding genes (PCGs) of the mitogenomes of the three species all had obvious AT biases. The majority of the AT-skew and GC-skew values of the PCGs among the three species were negative, demonstrating bases T and C were more plentiful than A and G. Analyses of Ka/Ks and overall p-genetic distance demonstrated that ATP8 showed the highest evolutionary rate and COXI/COXII were the most conserved genes in the three species. The phylogenetic tree based on PCGs sequences of mitogenomes using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses showed that three clades were divided corresponding to the subfamilies Caranginae, Naucratinae, and Trachinotinae. The monophyly of each superfamily was generally well supported. The divergence time analyses showed that Carangidae evolved during three geological periods, the Cretaceous, Paleogene, and Neogene. A. indicus began to differentiate from other species about 27.20 million years ago (Mya) in the early Miocene, while D. tabl (21.25 Mya) and A. djedaba (14.67 Mya) differentiated in the middle Oligocene.