Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of health belief model to explain the behaviour of following safety measures during the use of household chemical products among adult females in Riyadh

Background: The hazards and life-threatening conditions resulting from using household chemical products can be avoided or minimized by following certain safety measures. To investigate following safety measures during use of household chemical products (HHCP) among women and to explain that behaviour using the Health belief model (HBM). Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The study was conducted among adult females in Riyadh. The total sample size was 449 by convenience Sampling. this study started in September 2019 till April 2020. the questionnaire included 3 sections which were sociodemographic characteristics, safety measures followed during use of HHCP and the last section assessed the six components of health belief model.Results: Data analysis was done using JMP version 14.2 and the cutoff point of significance was 0.05. 30.3% of the studied sample demonstrated good level of following safety measures. There was no association between the level of following safety measures during the use of HHCP and level of education among studied sample (p value>0.05). The mean of each component of HBM was higher among women with good level of following safety measures than those who follow safety measures poorly. This was significant for perceived susceptibility (1.397 vs 1.269, p=0.03), perceived barriers (8.080 vs 7.038, p=0.0001), self-efficacy (2.889 vs 2.750, p=0.0240) and motivation factors (cues to action) (14.75 vs 13.69, p=0.0001). Conclusions: Health belief model can successfully explain following safety measures behaviour during use of HHCP. Motivation factors has the greatest impact on this behaviour.
Modeling the Swelling of Hydrogels with Application to Storage of Stormwater

The swelling effect in hydrogel bodies or sponge-like porous bodies (SPB) used in a specific stormwater storage concept of the down-flow type is considered. A macroscopic swelling model is proposed, in which water is assumed to penetrate into the hydrogel by diffusion described by diffusion equations together with a free-moving boundary separating the interface between the water and hydrogel. Such a type of problem belongs to the certain class of problems called Stefan-problems. The main objective of this contribution is to compare how the theoretical total amount of absorbed water is modified by the inclusion of swelling, when compared to the previously studied SPB devices analyzed only for the effect of diffusion. The results can be summarized in terms of the geometrical dimensions of the storage device and the magnitude of the diffusion coefficient D. The geometrical variables influence both the maximum possible absorbed volume and the time to reach that volume. The diffusion coefficient D only influences the rate of volume growth and the time to reach the maximum volume of stored water. The initial swelling of the hydrogel SPB grows with time (Dt) until the steady state is reached and the swelling rate approaches zero. In all the cases considered, the swelling in general increases the maximum possible absorbed water volume by an amount of 14%.
Colouring representation: staff racial employment patterns in US congressional offices

ABSTRACT Members of the United States House of Representatives disproportionately hire Black and Hispanic staffers into constituent service focussed roles as compared to policy development positions. Minority staffers are also underrepresented in the highest paid (arguably the most influential) positions in Congressional offices. I demonstrate these racial employment patterns using a Dirichlet-multinomial likelihood model to investigate a novel dataset that includes information on all of the staffers employed in the offices of 211 US House Members in the 108th Congress. This research compares the patterns of both Black and Hispanic staffers and draws from a more comprehensive sample than previous studies on staff race. The racial asymmetries found in staffers’ roles and responsibilities are cause for concern regarding the voice minorities have in Congressional policymaking.
Bank deregulation, environmental regulation and pollution reduction: evidence from Chinese firms

Abstract The Chinese government has increased its emphasis on ‘green GDP’ and restricted bank lending to polluting firms. However, government interference may distort bank credit allocation and worsen the external financing environment of polluting firms. Bank competition as a market-based mechanism may play a role in pollution abatement. By matching the Annual Surveys of Industrial Firms dataset with the Ministry of Environmental Protection survey data and the city-level bank competition data, this article explores the effects of banking sector structure on firm-level pollution emissions under the context of bank deregulation. The findings of this study are mainly in four aspects. First, more bank competition can reduce pollution emissions per unit output value. Second, bank competition affects enterprise pollution emissions through alleviating financial constraints. To be more specific, credit availability, credit amount as well as credit cost are the channels for bank competition to affect enterprise pollution emissions. Third, strict environment regulation strengthens the negative effect of bank competition on pollution emissions. Fourth, the mandatory administrative means of impeding banks from lending to polluters did not achieve the aim of pollution reduction. This study provides evidence that the financial system of banks can have a material impact on firms’ pollution emissions.
Deciphering Soil Spatial Variability through Geostatistics and Interpolation Techniques

Detailed knowledge of soil properties is fundamentally important for optimizing agriculture practices and management. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution of soil physicochemical properties is considered a fundamental input of any sustainable agricultural planning. In the present study, ordinary kriging, regression kriging and IDW were chosen for deciphering soil spatial variability and mapping soil properties in a reclaimed area of the Behera Governorate of Egypt where soil arose from two different types, one sandstone and the other limestone. Geostatistics were used to show the interrelationships and conditions of soil properties (available phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen, EC, pH, Sp, ESP, CEC, OC, SAR, and CaCO3). The results of mapping spatial soil variability by Geostatistics could be used for precision agriculture applications. Based on the soil test results, nutrient management recommendations should be applied regarding variable rates of fertilizers. The performance of the maps was evaluated using Mean square error (MSE). Inverse distance weight (IDW) showed higher efficiency than Kriging as a prediction method for mapping the studied soil properties in the study area. The results of the present study suggest that the application of the selected fit model worldwide in any relevant study of soil properties of different geological sources is feasible.
Biological Characterization and Instrumental Analytical Comparison of Two Biorefining Pretreatments for Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Biomass Hydrolysis

Water hyacinth is a rapidly growing troublesome aquatic weed plant, which causes eutrophication in water bodies and irreversible damage to the ecological system. In this work, we have investigated the water hyacinth biomass (WHB) hydrolysis efficacy of dilute alkaline (DA) pretreatment followed by biological pretreatment with white-rot fungus Alternaria alternata strain AKJK-2. The effectiveness of the dilute alkaline (DA) and biological pretreatment process on WHB was confirmed by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), and was further visualized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). XRD spectra showed the increase in the crystallinity of pretreated samples, attributed to the elimination of amorphous components as lignin and hemicellulose. FTIR peak analysis of pre-treated WHB showed substantial changes in the absorption of cellulose functional groups and the elimination of lignin signals. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed firm, compact, highly ordered, and rigid fibril structures without degradation in the untreated WHB sample, while the pretreated samples exhibited loose, dispersed, and distorted structures. XRD indices (Segal, Landis, and Faneite), and FTIR indices [Hydrogen bond intensity (HBI); Total crystallinity index (TCI); and Lateral order crystallinity (LOI)] results were similar to the aforementioned results, and also showed an increase in the crystallinity both in alkaline and biological pretreatments. Alkaline pretreated WHB, with these indices, also showed the highest crystallinity and a crystalline allomorphs mixture of cellulose I (native) and cellulose II. These results were further validated by the CLSM, wherein fluorescent signals were lost after the pretreatment of WHB over control. Overall, these findings showed the significant potential of integrated assessment tools with chemical and biological pretreatment for large-scale utilization and bioconversion of this potential aquatic weed for bioenergy production.
Characterization and sorting of cells based on stiffness contrast in a microfluidic channel

This paper reports the characterization and sorting of cells based on stiffness contrast. Cell stiffness is characterized in terms of elastic modulus, deformability index and hydrodynamic resistance. For different cell types, elastic modulus is measured using nanoindentation experiments on AFM and deformability index of cells is measured by hydrodynamic stretching of the cells in a flow focusing microchannel device. Hydrodynamic resistance of cells is obtained by measuring the excess pressure drop across a segment of a microchannel and correlated with cell size ρc and elastic modulus using a large set of experimental data. The highly-invasive malignant breast cancer cells MDA MB 231, non-invasive malignant breast cancer cells MCF 7, human promyelocytic leukaemia cells HL60 and the cervical cancer cells HeLa are considered in the present study. A microfluidic device with focusing and spacing control for stiffness based sorting of cells was designed and fabricated. Experiments were performed to demonstrate cell sorting and characterize the device performance in terms of sorting efficiency, which was found to depend on the stiffness contrast. The proposed device has potential to be used as a lab on chip diagnostic tool for sorting of diseased cells from healthy cells based on stiffness contrast.
Indonesian Tourism Discourse on www.indonesia.travel: Mood Analysis

Tourism is an important topic to observe since it affects a country’s economic vibrancy and global image. Scholars have researched the tourism website's lexical and visual features, yet none observed how the website builds an interpersonal relationship to the browsers. Thus, this paper sheds light on how Indonesian tourism website exchanges information, goods, and services to the browsers. Two problems are addressed in this paper: (1) how are the mood structures employed on the Indonesian tourism website? (2) what are tourism discourses revealed on the web? To answer them, ten sample articles of Medan, Raja Ampat, Bali, Banyuwangi, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Bandung, Makassar, Lombok, and Wakatobi highlighted on the front page of the website, accessed on www.indonesia. travel, were analyzed through Discourse Analysis approach. The 461 collected clauses were categorized into the mood structures and their speech functions. The results showed that the website was dominated by declarative mood functioning as statements, seen in 328 clauses, or 71.6% of the total clauses. It implied that promotion was not thoroughly involved, proven by the limited number of the speech function “offer”. The website's mood structures aimed to present itineraries and access, a place to play, and authenticity. Aside from culinary and cultural heritage, the website also presented traditional transportation and game as Indonesian authenticity. The commodity given on the website was in the form of information to help the prospective tourists prepare for their trip to Indonesia.
Workplace change within the COVID-19 context: a grounded theory approach

Abstract The purpose is to investigate the current status and future evolution of the workplace within the COVID-19 pandemic context. Documents, publications and surveys from numerous sources have been analyzed to find out more about the employees’ and organizations’ experience with remote working and the advantages and disadvantages of accessing the workplace during the pandemic. The analysis of the data made possible the identification of patterns within the available literature regarding what has happened and, especially, its influence on the workplace. The revolution initiated by COVID-19 has changed the way companies and employees work and will continue doing so, requiring a constant reinvention of how they operate and causing actions never seen before, generating deep changes in the workplace. Therefore, the idea of the workplace will never be what was expected before COVID-19, where reinvention of work, technology and safety are key points in its transformation process.
Volatile abundances and hydrogen isotope ratios of apatite in Martian basaltic breccia NWA 11522—A paired stone of NWA 7034

This study aimed to determine the volatile content (Cl, F, OH) and hydrogen isotope (D/H) ratios of apatite grains within the Martian meteorite NWA 11522, a paired stone of the ungrouped polymict breccia NWA 7034. Apatite F:Cl:OH ratios were measured via SEM‐EDS analyses, and found to be strikingly similar in all grains, and dominated by Cl. Apatite D/H ratios were measured in situ via the Cameca ims 1280 SIMS at the University of Hawai'i. Results varied between δD values of 782 and 52 ‰ and between water contents of 0.127 and 0.510 wt%. The data form a mixing line between two endmembers. The first endmember, a high D/H ratio and low water content endmember, represents a fluid present during the thermal event that lithified the breccia at 1.5 Ga, resetting apatite volatile content, D/H ratio, and U‐Pb ages at this time. The D/H ratio of this fluid suggests that it was derived from the crust/cryosphere (e.g., melted groundwater ice). The second endmember, a low D/H ratio and high water content endmember, represents a second Martian fluid that interacted with the breccia after lithification. The low D/H ratio of this later fluid indicates it was derived from the deeper Martian interior, and may be evidence of an impact‐related hydrothermal system on Mars during the Amazonian period. The presence of these fluids within NWA 11522 suggests that subsurface impact crater environments were still host to liquid water during the past 1.5 Ga on Mars, and still could be to this day.
THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IMPROVING VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE

In recent years there have been problems regarding the extent of disclosure of the financial statements of companies listed on the IDX, namely it is still relatively not yet extensive which often results in losses for stakeholders. From these problems, the role of information as the main product produced through the company's financial statements is very important, as a sign or signal that influences the investment decisions of parties outside the company and the information provided to the public is more comprehensive regarding the condition of the company. This research is important to do because voluntary disclosure contains important information and can influence users' decisions and can reduce information asymmetry. The purpose of this study is to examine the variables of Public Ownership, the board of commissioners, Independent Commissioners and the Audit Committee as factors affecting the extent of voluntary disclosure. The results of this study indicateThe four indicators of good corporate governance used in this study were only the audit committee that showed their effect on voluntary disclosure. The variables of public ownership, board of commissioners and independent commissioners do not affect the extent of voluntary disclosure.
ANALISIS PREDIKSI FINANCIAL DISTRESS BERDASARKAN KINERJA KEUNGAN DAN FAKTOR EKONOMI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERGABUNG DI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prediksi Financial Distress dengan variable predictor kinerja fundamental berupa WCTA, ROA, DTA, NIT dan kinerja pasar berupa Nilai Beta Saham serta faktor ekonomi berupa Suku Bunga dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah. Obyek penelitian adalah perusahaan yang tergabung dalam Jakarta Islamic Index selama tahun 2015 – 2018. Jumlah perusahaan yang diteliti sejumlah 47 perusahaan. Setelah dilakukan analisis Altman Score terdapat 34 perusahaan dalam status sehat dan sisanya 13 perusahaan pada kondisi distress. Secara umum variable prediktor memberikan informasi yang cukup baik. Setelah dilakukan analisis Regresi Logit hasilnya bahwa seluruh variabel independent signifikan untuk memprediksi Financial Distress secara simultan. Namun secara parsial hanya terdapat tiga variable yakni WCTA, ROA dan DTA sedangkan empat variable yang lain NIT, Nilai Beta Saham, Suku Bunga dan Nilai Tukas tidak berpengaruh signifikan.yang berpengaruh signikian. Berdasarkan variable fundamental WCTA, ROA dan DTA perusahaan dapat mengendalikannya dengan kebijakan yang tepat sehingga posisi perusahaan untuk dalam status sehat dapat diwujudkan. Sedangkan variable lainnya walaupun tidak signifikan semestinyalah menjadi pertimbangan alternatif dalam Menyusun kebijakan karena secara simultan signifikan, sehingga tidak dapat dielakkan bahwa variabel-variabel tersebut juga memberikan dampak dalam prediksi kebangkrutan perusahaan di JII pada masa mendatang.
The Effect of Financial Knowledge and Financial Attitude on Financial Management Behavior Mediated with Locus of Control

Financial management behavior becomes an issue that can’t be avoided at this moment, especially about a consumptive phenomenon. The consumptive phenomenon became a bad habit now. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the influence of financial knowledge and financial attitude on financial management behavior and determine a locus of control mediates the indirect effect of financial expertise and financial perspective on financial management behavior. This study's population comprises the Economics Faculty at Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The sample in this study was taken by purposive sampling technique, which amounted to 270 respondents. The data analysis method used descriptive analysis, and data analysis used Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) 3 with the Sobel test mediation analysis. The research results show that financial knowledge and financial attitude have a positive and significant influence on financial management behavior. Other than that, financial expertise and financial attitude positively affect financial management behavior if mediated by a locus of control.
Securitization, Recourse Uncertainty, and Crash Risk

In this study, we examine how banks’ stock price crash risk is affected by recourse uncertainty embedded in securitizations. By recourse uncertainty, we mean the difficulty for equity market participants to assess the true extent of risk transfer between securitizing banks and investors in asset-backed securities due to the opacity of securitizations. We argue that this uncertainty facilitates the withholding and accumulation of negative recourse news that is subsequently released at once, resulting in crashes. Using a sample of U.S. bank holding companies for the period of 2002-2015, we find that recourse uncertainty is positively associated with the future crash risk of securitizing banks. The result holds after controlling for bank intrinsic risk. We also predict and find that this association is higher for banks with poorer information environment and for the period before the adoption of SFAS 166/167, which required enhanced disclosure about securitization activities.
Titanium Particle Exfoliation from Different Dental Implants after Insertion

The titanium exfoliation level during dental implant installation has not yet been available. The present study aims to confirm the presence of titanium exfoliation in different implant surfaces throughout the installation and identify the association between insertion torque and surface abrasion. Three different implant surfaces were assigned to low and high insertion torque groups. The implants were installed into porcine bone blocks. Then, the surrounding bone at the ostomy site was analysed for the titanium exfoliation using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The low and high insertion torques were 30 Ncm and 58 Ncm, respectively. The average titanium content from all samples was 4.9 ± 2.7 μg. Anodised implant released significantly less titanium compared to others (p < 0.05). All implants released titanium indifferently compared to low and high insertion torques (p > 0.05). Within the limitation of the present study, anodised implant released the least amount of titanium exfoliation. The insertion torque was not associated with titanium exfoliation.
Civil Service Reform Is Dead: Long Live Civil Service Reform

The federal civil service system is widely regarded as obsolete. The pay of federal employees bears little relation to the market, narrowly defined jobs hamper the assignment of tasks, and byzantine hiring rules impede the procurement of needed skills. The theory of punctuated equilibrium holds that an episode of rapid and dramatic change portends, that the pressures for change will build and that some exogenous event will trigger a reform event similar to what happened in the mid-2000s subsequent to the 9/11 terrorist incident. Does another episode of punctuated equilibrium impend or is change more likely to occur in an incremental manner? Distinctive features of the policy subsystem make evident the improbability of another episode of “grand reform. ” Recent developments further highlight a dynamic element whereby small-scale adjustments are being employed to address some of the system’s most dysfunctional aspects.