Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrition Intake as a Risk Factor of Stunting in Children Aged 25–30 Months in Central Jakarta, Indonesia

This study aims to determine the relationship between nutrient intake and the incidence of stunting and to determine the dominant factors associated with stunting in children aged 25‒30 months in Gambir and Sawah Besar Districts, Central Jakarta, Indonesia. This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The type of data collected was secondary data from a case control study entitled Differences in Milk Intake and Stunting Incidence in Children Aged 25–30 Months in Central Jakarta in 2019. Data collected included height measurement, questionnaire-based interview, and 24-hour food recall. The percentage of stunting in children aged 25 to 30 months was 29.8%. The factor associated with stunting was iron intake (OR=5.0; 95% CI:1.02–25.25; p<0.05). Stunting was more likely to occur in children with inadequate iron intake than in those with adequate intake. To prevent stunting, iron-rich foods are essential and should be taken in sufficient amounts daily.
Application of the Finite Difference Parabolic Equation Model in Forestry Remote Telemetry

In this article, the finite difference parabolic equation (FDPE) method is presented to calculate the propagation loss (PL) for electromagnetic waves (EWs) in the forest environment. The FDPE method is more efficient and convenient than the empirical models and has more advantages on compatibility and accuracy for long-range EWs prediction. The Debye–Cole dual dispersion model is used to simulate the effective permittivity of vegetation. The results of the FDPE model are compared with those of the advanced refractive effects prediction system and measurement results, and a good agreement is observed. Research found that PL for EWs varies with the effective permittivity. Also, the effective permittivity is a function of radio frequency, weight moisture content, and volume content of vegetation. Thus, it is necessary to establish a statistical model to determine some relations between the PL and plant biophysical parameters. The polynomial fitting method is adopted to process a large amount of PL data for obtaining a linear function. Then, the volume content and moisture content of vegetation can be determined according to the polynomial fitting function. It provides a novel and efficient method for forestry remote telemetry, which is specifically suitable for large-scale inaccessible region with serious environment.
How to void a phase. Anti-intervention effects with clitic doubling in Dutch dialects

OUTLINE OF THE TALK 1. Data 2. Theoretical background: two types of doubling 2.1. A classification of dialect Dutch subject pronouns 2.2. Doubling as movement: the big-DP analysis 2.3. Doubling as agreement: doubling with coordinated subjects 3. Analysis 3.1. Core of the analysis 3.2. Doubling via agreement: anti-intervention 3.3. Doubling via movement: no anti-intervention 4. Comp-agreement vs. clitic doubling 5. Conclusion
Relationship between Uric Acid to High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonoverweight/Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Aims To investigate the relationship between uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in nonoverweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A retrospective study was designed including a total of 343 inpatients with type 2 diabetes whose BMI<24 kg/m2. The population was divided into three groups as the UHR tertiles. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of UHR for NAFLD. ROC curve analysis was used to estimate the diagnostic value of UHR for NAFLD. Results The prevalence rat of NAFLD enhanced progressively from the tertile 1 to tertile 3 of UHR (30.70% vs. 56.52% vs. 73.68%). Logistic regression analysis showed that participants in the higher UHR groups, compared with those in the first tertile group, had higher occurrence risks for NAFLD. The positive association between UHR and NAFLD was independent of age, BMI, blood pressure, hepatic enzymes, and other components of metabolic disorders. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for UHR were 0.697, 0.761, and 0.553, respectively. Conclusions In type 2 diabetic patients without overweight or obesity, UHR is significantly associated with NAFLD and can be used as a novel and useful predictor for NAFLD onset.
Temporal Shift of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemic Peak for the Years 2020–2023 in Marseille, Southern France

Respiratory syncytial virus is among the most common causes of respiratory infections. Typically, this viral infection has a seasonality during the cold months but with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic this has been considerably modified. Here, we studied the epidemiology of this virus in university hospitals of Marseille, South of France, over the period 2020 to 2023. We tested in our laboratory from July 2020 to October 2021 16,516 nasopharyngeal swabs from 16,468 patients for RSV infection using different qPCR assays. We then analyzed data from previous and subsequent winters (from 2018 to 2023) and previous summers (from 2015 to 2021). A total of 676 patients were RSV-positive; their mean age was 3 years and 91 were under 5 years of age. We observed a delay of 4 months of the RSV epidemic’s onset compared to other years with an epidemic that peaked in March 2021. We had significantly more RSV-positive cases during summer 2021 compared to previous summers, whereas the incidence of RSV infections was not significantly higher during winter 2022 versus previous winters. Moreover, 494 patients were diagnosed as RSV-positive in the emergency unit and 181 were subsequently hospitalized, and 34 patients were diagnosed RSV-positive while already in the intensive care unit. Over all the study periods, 38 patients diagnosed as RSV-positive died, the majority of whom (23/28) were over 65 years of age. These data show an atypical evolution of the incidence of RSV infections in our city and is another example of the unpredictability of infectious disease epidemiology.
Hyponatremia and Outcome: Is Severity More Important Than Etiology?

Background and objective: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality encountered in a hospital setting, and the data regarding the contribution of hyponatremia to overall mortality are conflicting. The study objective was to determine patients' clinical profiles and outcomes with hyponatremia. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, and included 375 adult patients aged more than 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of hyponatremia. Patients were subdivided into three groups based on the severity of hyponatremia: mild (130-135 mmol/L), moderate (125-129 mmol/L), and profound (<125 mmol/L). Results: The most common symptom was confusion (57.3%) followed by deep somnolence (40%) and nausea (36.8%). The most common cause of hyponatremia was diuretics (30.7%), followed by the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) (17.8%) and chronic liver disease (CLD) (14.1%). The severity of hyponatremia did not significantly influence the outcome. Patients with CLD and chronic kidney disease (CKD) as the etiology of hyponatremia had significantly worse outcomes compared to other causes of hyponatremia. The most common type was hypovolemic hypotonic followed by euvolemic hypotonic and hypervolemia hypotonic hyponatremia. Nearly half of the total deaths were observed in the hypervolemic hyponatremia group and were significantly higher compared to the other two groups (p=0.001). Correction of hyponatremia (i.e., serum sodium >135 mmol/L) was significantly linked with good outcomes (p=0.003). Conclusion: Our study showed that the etiology of hyponatremia was a more important prognostic indicator rather than the severity of hyponatremia. Normalization of serum sodium was associated with improved survival.
Exocytosis of Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review

Both biomedical applications and safety assessments of manufactured nanomaterials require a thorough understanding of the interaction between nanomaterials and cells, including how nanomaterials enter cells, transport within cells, and leave cells. However, compared to the extensively studied uptake and trafficking of nanoparticles (NPs) in cells, less attention has been paid to the exocytosis of NPs. Yet exocytosis is an indispensable process of regulating the content of NPs in cells, which in turn influences, even decides, the toxicity of NPs to cells. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and influencing factors of the exocytosis of NPs is not only essential for the safety assessment of NPs but also helpful for guiding the design of safe and highly effective NP-based materials for various purposes. Herein, we review the current status and progress of studies on the exocytosis of NPs. Firstly, we introduce experimental procedures and considerations. Then, exocytosis mechanisms/pathways are summarized with a detailed introduction of the main pathways (lysosomal and endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi pathway) and the role of microtubules; the patterns of exocytosis kinetics are presented and discussed. Subsequently, the influencing factors (initial content and location of intracellular NPs, physiochemical properties of NPs, cell type, and extracellular conditions) are fully discussed. Although there are inconsistent results, some rules are obtained, like smaller and charged NPs are more easily excreted. Finally, the challenges and future directions in the field have been discussed.
Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Subtypes of Clinical High Risk Individuals: A Prospective Cohort Study

Introduction Numerous studies have established the roles of inflammation and angioneurins in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). This study aimed to compare the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis or SCZ at baseline and one year after treatment. Methods A total of 289 CHR participants from the Shanghai At Risk for Psychosis Extended Program (SHARP) were tracked for a year. They were divided into two and four subtypes based on symptom severity according to the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS) and received standard medical care. At baseline and one-year follow-up, TNF-α and VEGF were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and pathological features were assessed using the Global Assessment of Function (GAF) score. Results Baseline TNF-α levels did not differ significantly, while VEGF levels were lower in patients with more severe symptoms. VEGF showed a negative correlation with negative features, both overall (r = −0.212, p = 0.010) and in the subgroup with higher positive scores (r = −0.370, p = 0.005). TNF-α was positively correlated with negative symptoms in the subgroup with higher negative scores (r = 0.352, p = 0.002). A three-way multivariate analysis of variance demonstrated that participants in Subtype 1 of positive or negative symptoms performed better than those in Subtype 2, with significant main effects and interactions of group and both cytokines. Discussion TNF-α and VEGF levels are higher and lower, respectively, in CHR patients with more severe clinical symptoms, particularly negative symptoms, which point to a worsening inflammatory and vascular status in the brain.
Impact of dietary plant flavonoids on 7,8‐dihydroxyflavone transepithelial transport in human intestinal Caco‐2 cells

Abstract 7,8‐dihydroxyflavone (7,8‐DHF) is a biologically active flavone with various physiological activities, including neuroprotection, anti‐inflammation, and weight loss. Previous studies have found that the efflux protein P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) significantly affects the transepithelial transport of 7,8‐DHF in the intestine, resulting in its low oral bioavailability. Based on this, in this study, a Caco‐2 monolayer cell model was used to investigate 14 dietary plant flavonoids as potential P‐gp inhibitors, and their effects on the transepithelial transport and in vitro digestion of 7,8‐DHF were explored. The results showed that among the 14 plant flavonoids, hesperetin, epigallocatechin gallate, fisetin, kaempferol, quercetin, and isoorientin increased and the apparent permeability coefficients (P app) of 7,8‐DHF at AP → BL direction and lowered P app value at BL → AP direction to varying degrees, reducing the efflux ratio of 7,8‐DHF less than 1.5. In particular, kaempferol and quercetin exhibited the best effect on promoting the transepithelial transport of 7,8‐DHF, especially when used at molar concentration ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 with 7,8‐DHF. This is beneficial for improving the oral bioavailability of 7,8‐DHF. Meanwhile, 7,8‐DHF was found to maintain structural stability in simulated saliva, gastric juice, and intestinal juice, and its stability was not affected by the coexistence of quercetin and kaempferol. Overall, this study provided a theoretical basis for seeking natural and safe P‐gp inhibitors to improve the oral absorption of natural products.
Development and Characterization of Probiotic Beers with Saccharomyces boulardii as an Alternative to Conventional Brewer’s Yeast

The development of new non-dairy probiotic foods is interesting, given lactose intolerance, milk allergies, and the growing trend of vegetarianism. In this paper, beer has been used as a probiotic delivery matrix, using Saccharomyces boulardii as an alternative to conventional brewer’s yeast. The strain was able to grow in worts prepared with hops containing different alpha-acid concentrations, attaining in all cases a final cell concentration above 1·108 cells mL−1. Some differences were found in the physicochemical parameters of beers brewed with S. boulardii compared to those brewed with a standard brewer’s yeast. Probiotic beers turned out to be less cloudy, which could help with a possible filtering step; less alcoholic in some cases; a healthier alternative; and with a slightly lower pH, interesting for the reduction of spoilage risk. Thirty volatile compounds were determined in the samples, and, in general, the beers brewed with the probiotic yeast presented significantly higher concentrations for the majority of the studied volatile compounds. In addition, multivariate statistical analysis was successfully performed to differentiate the beers obtained in terms of their volatile composition. Probiotic and standard beers were also subjected to sensory analysis, and they presented similar results in their overall impression.
The Effect of Price Discrimination on Fairness Perception and Online Hotel Reservation Intention

In light of the development of online travel agencies (OTAs), the rules of the entire tourism industry have changed. Due to the ease of finding information and comparing products, consumers can choose a hotel not only by room type, but also by rate, according to their preferences. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of price discrimination on the fairness perception toward reservation intentions. The interaction effects of the brand familiarity and the type of consumers on the fairness perception were also examined. The study used an experimental design, with 2 price discriminations × 2 brand familiarities × 2 regulatory focuses, on a total of 320 valid subjects. The results showed that advantaged-price discriminations had higher fairness perceptions than equal-price discriminations, and that higher fairness perceptions had higher reservation intentions. The interaction effect of brand familiarity showed no significant impact on the fairness perceptions, while the regulatory focus had a mitigating effect on the price discrimination and on the fairness perceptions. This study provides insights into the relationship between online price discrimination and tourism, and it contributes to the literature on hospitality. It also provides the managerial implications for online hotels in developing pricing strategies.
Diagnosis of Paediatric Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing beyond Polysomnography

Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has significant impacts on health, and therefore, a timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and intervention. This narrative review provides an overview of the current approaches utilised in the diagnosis of SDB in children. Diagnostic methods for SDB in children involve a combination of clinical assessment, medical history evaluation, questionnaires, and objective measurements. Polysomnography (PSG) is the diagnostic gold standard. It records activity of brain and tibial and submental muscles, heart rhythm, eye movements, oximetry, oronasal airflow, abdominal and chest movements, body position. Despite its accuracy, it is a time-consuming and expensive tool. Respiratory polygraphy instead monitors cardiorespiratory function without simultaneously assessing sleep and wakefulness; it is more affordable than PSG, but few paediatric studies compare these techniques and there is optional recommendation in children. Nocturnal oximetry is a simple and accessible exam that has high predictive value only for children at high risk. The daytime nap PSG, despite the advantage of shorter duration and lower costs, is not accurate for predicting SDB. Few paediatric data support the use of home testing during sleep. Finally, laboratory biomarkers and radiological findings are potentially useful hallmarks of SDB, but further investigations are needed to standardise their use in clinical practice.
Effect of high-intensity sports specific training and high-intensity interval training on sprained ankle male adolescent soccer athletes before return-to-play

Ankle sprain is a highly observed injury in soccer due to repeated strenuous movements. Rehabilitation after injury leads to decreased physical strength and muscle-joint function. The ankle sprained patients need improved soccer specific fitness and ankle function simultaneously. Therefore, current study aimed to compare high-intensity sports specific training (HISST) with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to identify effective training for fitness and lower-extremity functions. A total of 56 high school male soccer players (HIIT: 28, HISST: 28) who survived the acute phase due to ankle sprain participated the study. In the intervention period of 4 weeks, the HISST and HIIT groups were randomly assigned. Physical fitness and lower-extremity function tests were performed before and after the intervention. Physical fitness measurements included Volume Oxygen peak (VO2peak), anaerobic power, isokinetic ankle eversion strength, while lower extremity function tests consisted of Y-balance and hop tests. In both groups, VO2peak, exercise time, peak power, and eversion strength improved after the intervention, with significant improvement in all Y-balance subtests and hop tests (p < 0.05). Regarding the posteromedial and posterolateral directions of the Y-balance test, and the crossover of the hop tests, HISST was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than HIIT in the post-intervention test. Concludingly, HIIT and HISST can simultaneously improve VO2peak, abductor strength, and lower extremity function in sprained ankle athletes before returning to competition. Additionally, HISST was slightly more effective than HIIT for mediolateral balance and crossover hopping.
Reflecting on Professional Development Opportunities: Links Between Conceptions of Mathematics Graduate Teaching Assistants and Their Self-Efficacy

This study examines the perceptions of first-year, mathematics graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) participating in a six-week summer course designed to deepen their knowledge of collegiate mathematics teaching practices before being assigned to instruct undergraduate students in the subsequent fall semester. Through hybrid deductive-inductive thematic analysis, GTAs’ written reflections were analyzed and matched against changes in their self-efficacy assessed along two conceptual dimensions: self-improvement and stimulation of student learning. Results suggest that GTAs’ conceptualization of teaching practice informs changes in self-efficacy along both conceptual dimensions, with efficacy in self-improvement changing more than that of their ability to stimulate student learning. Therefore, the strength of the efficacy changes may be moderated by features of the professional development course. We explore defining features of the professional development course employed in this study, describing implications for the education and development of novice collegiate mathematics instructors, and the potential to optimize change along both conceptual dimensions of self-efficacy.
Colorectal Cancer Screening Pilot Project in Tehran-Iran, a Feasibility Study

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Iran, where there is no organised CRC-screening programme. This study aimed to evaluate feasibility of CRC screening using a qualitative fecal immunochemical test (FIT) among Iranian average-risk adults. Methods: In this feasibility study, 7039 individuals aged 50–75 years were invited by community health workers (CHWs) in southern Tehran and its suburban districts between April 2018 and November 2019. The CHWs performed a qualitative FIT with cut-off level 50 ng Hb/mL buffer and referred those with positive-FIT for colonoscopy to the endoscopy center of Shariati hospital in Tehran. Outcomes included acceptance rate, FIT positivity rate, colonoscopy compliance, detection rates and positive predictive values (PPVs) with 95% confidence interval for CRC and advanced adenomas (AAs). Results: Acceptance rate at initial invitation was 71.7%. From 4974 average-risk adults (1600 males and 3374 females) who were offered FIT, 96.8% (n=4813) provided valid samples, of whom 471 (9.8%) tested positive. Among FIT-positive participants, 150 (31.8%) underwent colonoscopy; CRC was detected in 2.0% (n=3) and adenomas in 27.3% (n=41). Detection rate of CRC and AAs per 1000-FIT-screened participants was 0.6 (0.1–1.8) [males: 0.7 (0.01–3.6), females: 0.6 (0.07–2.0)] and 4.2 (2.5–6.4) [males: 5.9 (2.6–11.0), females: 3.4 (1.7–6.0)], respectively. PPVs were 2.0% (0.4–5.7) for CRC and 13.3% (8.3–19.8) for AAs. There was no association between gender and the studied outcomes. Conclusion: Our results partially support the feasibility of scaling up organized CRC-screening through the existing healthcare system in Iran; it remains to be discussed carefully to ensure the capacity of healthcare system for adequate colonoscopy services.