Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF SOME MANDARIN CULTIVARS

This work was carried out to evaluate ten new mandarin cultivars (Citrus reticulata Blanco) with respect to the local cultivar (Baladi mandarin). The investigation was executed during the two successive seasons of 2011 to 2013 at the Horticultural Research Station South El Tahrier, Beheira Governorate. The evaluation involved both the growth and productivity which included yield traits and fruit physical and chemical characteristics. The ten cultivars showed significant variations when compared with the local mandarin cultivar for leaf characteristics, tree canopy volume, and fruit weight and fruit chemical properties. DNA fingerprint was performed using RAPD technique for characterization the studied cultivars. RAPD analyses exhibited a total of 14 bands among them, 13 bands were polymorphic of about 92.85%. Those bands were used to distinguish among cultivars. Both morphological and molecular analyses showed a high degree of variation among the new cultivars, indicating that they have an important source of genetic diversity which would be used in future citrus in breeding programs.
Effect of Educational Booklet for Patients with Epilepsy on Their Self Efficacy

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic illness that affects an individual regardless of age, sex, education and occupational status. Aim: To evaluate effect of educational booklet for patients with epilepsy on their self –efficacy. Research design: quasi-experimental Setting: Outpatient neurology clinic at Assuit University student‘s hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of sixty male and female adult patients diagnosed with epilepsy Tools: patient assessment sheet and self-efficacy Scale. Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference between pre and post applying of educational booklet regarding self efficacy of patients under study p<0.001 . Conclusion: Educational booklet had statistical significant positive effects on improving self-efficacy among epileptic patients. Recommendation: Simple educational pamphlet for patients and their family members to improve self-efficacy should be available in neurology department and outpatient neurology clinic.
Spontaneous changes

To set the scene for the Second Law, this (non-mathematical) chapter explores our experience of spontaneous changes - such as the expansion of a gas into a vacuum, mixing, phase changes and many chemical reactions - demonstrating that they are all irreversible, and proceed unidirectionally from non-equilibrium states to equilibrium states. Furthermore, they all comply with the First Law. The First Law therefore cannot be used as a predictor of spontaneity. What, then, can be used as a predictor?
Competitive strategy

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To get vaccinated or not? Social psychological factors associated with vaccination intent for COVID-19

Pandemic control not only requires effective COVID-19 vaccines but also that they are accepted by at least 80% of the population. For this reason, understanding the social psychological variables associated with vaccination intent is essential to achieve herd immunity. Drawing on the theory of reasoned action, this study seeks to analyze vaccination intent using the beliefs about vaccine effectiveness, conspiracy theories, and injunctive norms as predictors. A non-probabilistic national online survey was conducted during December 2020. A sample of 1,033 people in Chile answered a questionnaire with the study variables. Using structural equation models, it was found that vaccination intent was explained in 62.1% by beliefs about vaccine effectiveness and injunctive norms, controlling for age, political orientation, socioeconomic status, educational level, and gender. Specifically, beliefs about vaccine effectiveness are based on people's experience with previous immunization processes, which predict vaccination intent. Regarding injunctive norms, they act by influencing and encouraging vaccination by seeking the approval of significant others. Contrary to expected, conspiracy beliefs were not directly associated with the intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine but were highly related to lower beliefs about vaccine effectiveness. This study suggests that to enhance the vaccination intent, socio-psychological and structural variables need to be considered.
NSS_A_169312 79..95

Dayna A Johnson Chandra L Jackson Natasha J Williams Carmela Alcántara 1Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; 3Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute on Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; 4Department of Health and Human Services, Intramural Program, National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA; 5Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York, NY, USA; 6School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Abstract: Sleep is a fundamental necessity of life. However, sleep health and sleep disorders are not equitably distributed across racial/ethnic groups. In fact, growing research consistently demonstrates that racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to experience, for instance, shorter sleep durations, less deep sleep, inconsistent sleep timing, and lower sleep continuity in comparison to Whites. However, racial/ethnic disparities in reports of sleepiness and sleep complaints are inconsistent. Racial/ethnic groups have significant heterogeneity, yet within-group analyses are limited. Among the few published withingroup analyses, there are differences in sleep between non-US-born and US-born racial/ ethnic groups, but the group with the more favorable sleep profile is consistent for non-USborn Latinos compared to US-born Latinos and Whites but unclear for other racial/ethnic minority groups. These sleep health disparities are a significant public health problem that should garner support for more observational, experimental, intervention, and policy/implementation research. In this review, we 1) summarize current evidence related to racial/ethnic disparities in sleep health and within-group differences, focusing on the sleep of the following racial/ethnic minority categories that are defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget as: American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, African American/ Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander; 2) discuss measurement challenges related to investigating sleep health disparities; 3) discuss potential contributors to sleep health disparities; 4) present promising interventions to address sleep health disparities; and 5) discuss future research directions on intersectionality and sleep health.
THE ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Shaping and constant improving of education quality constitute one of the most significant tasks of the contemporary higher education. The aim of the following article is to show the role which internal stakeholders, such as students or university employees, and external stakeholders or authorities have in shaping the concept of quality in higher education. As based on literature and own research, the role of each group of stakeholders in quality assurance in the sphere of education was presented. The research was conducted through survey and interview among both, students and employees of the Faculty of Management at Technical University of Czestochowa. As far as external stakeholders are concerned, graduates, potential employers from the area of Czestochowa, city authorities, and the local Employment Office were surveyed. The results show the importance of feedback, especially the one that comes from a job market, in pro-quality undertakings in the area of education service.
Firm Value

The chapter explains the meaning of firms from the perspective of economic researchers in the past to the views of current dates. Traditional model of a firm’s value is linked firmly with shareholders’ value. This traditional view is used in finance and in business for many years. To enhance a firms’ value, we need to maximize shareholders’ value. According to this view, any activities in firms can increase the value of firms if it increases the value of the Shareholders. However, traditional concept of shareholders’ value as the explanation to firms’ value is challenged by a group of researchers. This group believes that value of firms should not be based on just shareholders but should include all groups of stakeholders. After giving some ideas on the meaning of firm, the corporate sustainability value of firm in terms of economics and finance is explained.
The Investigation of Motor Primitives During Human Reaching Movements and the Quantification of Post-Stroke Motor Impairment

The investigation of motor primitives during human reaching movements and the quantification of post-stroke motor impairment. Erienne Virginia Olesh Movement is a complex task, requiring precise and coordinated muscle contractions. The forces and torques produced during multi-segmental movement of the upper limbs in humans, must be controlled, in order for movement to be achieved successfully. Although a critical aspect of everyday life, there remain questions regarding the specific controller used by the central nervous system to govern movement. Furthermore, how this system is affected by neurological injuries such as stroke also remains in question. It was the goal of this thesis to examine the neurological control of movement in healthy individuals and apply these findings to the further investigation of chronically motor impaired stroke patients. Additionally, this work aimed at providing clinicians with a more reliable, easy to use, and inexpensive approach to quantify post-stroke motor impairment.
Association of lipid markers with coronary heart disease and stroke mortality: A 15-year follow-up study

Objective(s): It has been proposed that lipid markers may predict cardiovascular events; however, their effect may vary depending on the type of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lipid markers on death from coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in competing risks setting. Materials and Methods: Participants included 2502 women and 2020 men, age 40 years or older from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The association between total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with hazard and cumulative incidence of CHD and stroke was investigated using cause-specific hazard and sub-distribution hazard models. Statistical analyses were performed using “risk regression” and “cmprsk” package in R 3.3. 2. Results: One standard deviation (SD) increase in TC and LDL-C increased the hazard of CHD death by 1.42 (CI=1.07,1.89) and 1.41 (CI=1.04,1.93), respectively. 1-SD increase in TG increased the cumulative incidence of CHD death increased by 1.94 (CI=1.02,3.75) in women. Other risk factors were not associated with the hazard and cumulative incidence of CHD in women, men and the total sample. In addition, none of lipids had a significant effect on the hazard and cumulative incidence of stroke in men, women and the total sample. Conclusion: The associations of lipid components on CHD death were modiﬁed by gender. TC, LDL-C and TG were independent predictors of CHD mortality in women. Furthermore, death due to stroke changes the association of lipid markers with CHD mortality.
Correcting the hebbian mistake: Toward a fully error-driven hippocampus

The hippocampus plays a critical role in the rapid learning of new episodic memories. Many computational models propose that the hippocampus is an autoassociator that relies on Hebbian learning (i.e., “cells that fire together, wire together”). However, Hebbian learning is computationally suboptimal as it modifies weights unnecessarily beyond what is actually needed to achieve effective retrieval, causing more interference and resulting in a lower learning capacity. Our previous computational models have utilized a powerful, biologically plausible form of error-driven learning in hippocampal CA1 and entorhinal cortex (EC) (functioning as a sparse autoencoder) by contrasting local activity states at different phases in the theta cycle. Based on specific neural data and a recent abstract computational model, we propose a new model called Theremin (Total Hippocampal ERror MINimization) that extends error-driven learning to area CA3 — the mnemonic heart of the hippocampal system. In the model, CA3 responds to the EC monosynaptic input prior to the EC disynaptic input through dentate gyrus (DG), giving rise to a temporal difference between these two activation states, which drives error-driven learning in the EC→CA3 and CA3↔CA3 projections. In effect, DG serves as a teacher to CA3, correcting its patterns into more pattern-separated ones, thereby reducing interference. Results showed that Theremin, compared with our original model, has significantly increased capacity and learning speed. The model makes several novel predictions that can be tested in future studies. Author Summary Exemplified by the famous case of patient H.M. (Henry Molaison) who had his hippocampus surgically removed, the hippocampus is critical for learning and remembering about everyday events — what is typically called “episodic memory. ” The dominant theory for how it learns is based on the intuitive principle stated by Donald Hebb in 1949, that neurons that “fire together, wire together” — when two neurons are active at the same time, the strength of their connection increases. We show in this paper that using a different form of learning based on correcting errors (error-driven learning) results in significantly improved episodic memory function in a biologically-based computational model of the hippocampus. This model also provides a significantly better account of behavioral data on the testing effect, where learning by testing with partial cues is better than learning with the complete set of information.
AFCRL-TR-73-0107 RESISTIVITY AND CARRIER LIFETIME I N GOLD-DOPED SILICON

This report describes the current status of a continuing study of the electrical properties of gold-doped silicon. Room temperature resistivity and Hall effect measurements were made on many sets of gold-diffused, boronor phosphorus-doped silicon wafers for a wide range of initial resistivities of both types. The general suitability of the proposed model was verified although an apparent discrepancy still remains between total and electrically active gold as confirmed by resistivity data as a function of gold density for phosphorus-doped silicon. Electrical measurements were made to study the activation energies of the gold donor and acceptor. In addition the activation energy of the gold-coupled shallow acceptor in the proposed model was observed. The values found were in good agreement with other reported observations of these levels. In the application of the surface photovoltage method to the measurement of minority carrier lifetime, it was found that the optical absorption coefficients needed in the analysis of the data were dependent on the heat treatment given to the specimen. The uncertainty in diffusion length was determined to be about 2 ym which placed an effective lower limit on lifetime measurements of about 15 ns in p-type and about 50 ns in n-type silicon. An analysis of the use of the surface photovoltage method for lifetime measurements in thin epitaxial layers is included as an appendix. The reverse recovery (RR) technique for measuring lifetime was examined and it was observed that the dependence of diode storage time on the ratio of forward to reverse current varied with the base width of the diode studied. While theory and experiment for open circuit voltage decay (OCVD) were in agreement for long base width diodes, correlation for short base diodes was less satisfactory; this study is continuing. Both the RR and OCVD techniques give the same value of lifetime for long base diodes, but agreement for short base diodes is not as good. Additional entries are included as a supplement to an earlier bibliography on the properties of gold-doped silicon.
Force

This first chapter (out of ten dedicated to each of the ten public action resources) deals with the resource Force. It specifies, inter alia, new forms of this resource (nudging, cybercrime), describes penal regulations of the use of Force, and clarifies the relation between Force and Property. As in the following nine chapters, the examples provided are structured around the mobilization and availability of the resource, the mobilization of the resource by stage (program formulation and implementation), and the exchange of the resource Force for other resources (e.g. Law, Money and Information). Again, as in the other nine chapters, these sections are subdivided into paragraphs dedicated to the three actor groups (political-administrative actors, target groups and beneficiaries). The examples presented are drawn from penal law prosecutions (especially ‘legitimate defence’) and infrastructure policies.
Comparison between syntocinon, misoprostol and carbetocin in reducing blood loss in elective caesarean section

To compare the effectiveness and safety of carbetocin, misoprostol and syntocinon in reducing the amount of blood loss following cesarean deliveries. Patients and Methods: This randomized study was carried out on 180 attended for delivery. A double-blind randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with a singleton pregnancy scheduled for an elective cesarean delivery. The primary outcome was the amount of blood loss. The secondary outcome was the occurrence of uterine atony necessitating additional uterotonics. Per-protocol analyses were performed. Patients, investigators and data analysts were masked to treatment assignments. Results: It was found that the carbetocin group showed a significant decrease in blood loss intra and post-operative. Also, the decrease in both Hb and Hct level was significantly lower than the other two drugs. On the other hand, the complication and side effect of carbetocin were significantly lower than the other two drugs.Conclusion: Additional uterotonics were needed less frequently by patients treated with carbetocin. Carbetocin was superior to syntocinon and misoprostol in reducing the blood loss and preventing uterine atony following an elective cesarean delivery.
Effects of a COVID‐19 lockdown‐induced pause and resumption of artificial provisioning on blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) and pink whiprays (Pateobatis fai) in French Polynesia (East‐Pacific)

Abstract The tourism activities linked to artificial provisioning of blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) and pink whiprays (Pateobatis fai) on a specific site in French Polynesia were suddenly and completely stopped due to a COVID‐19 lockdown that lasted 6 weeks from March 20 until April 30, 2020. Using both drone footage and underwater counting, we were able to track the abundance of those two species before, during, and after reopening and thus investigate the impact of provisioning on wild shark populations. The absence of any stimulus during this long period resulted in almost total desertion of the site by the elasmobranchs. However, 1 day prior to reopening, some individuals of both species positively reacted to the single acoustic stimulus of an engine boat, showing the resilience of conditioning, and some elasmobranchs reacted to acoustic and olfactive stimuli linked to the provisioning practice from the first day after reopening. During the first 2 weeks after reopening, the abundance of both species remained at reduced levels comparable to those observed between 2008 and 2010 for sharks; i.e., around 9 animals in the presence of local tourists. Pre‐lockdown abundance levels, reaching approximatively 15 individuals for sharks and 10 for rays, were considered restored 1 and 2 months after reopening for blacktip reef sharks and pink whiprays, respectively. These findings improve our capacity to better understand the potential effects of artificial provisioning tourism on the abundance of elasmobranchs by showing that conditioning is resilient for several weeks, suggesting that intermittent interruption of elasmobranchs feeding would not really help to decrease its impact on animal welfare.
Corrigendum: Effects of Aqueous Fraction of Ethanolic Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca Stem-bark on Glucose Metabolic Enzymes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Aims: The study examines effect of aqueous-fraction of ethanolic extract of Balanites aegyptiaca stem-bark on enzymes of glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats in a bid to ascertain its anti-hyperglycemic and possible mechanism of action. Methodology: Diabetes was induced in male rats by intra-peritoneal injection of 60 mg/kg body weight of STZ. Dried powdered Balanites aegyptiaca stem-bark was untreated diabetic (2.22±0.02 U/min/mg Protein) as well as glycogen synthase (12.48±0.11 x10 -2 U/min/mg Protein) against untreated diabetic (9.41±0.34 x10 -2 U/min/mg Protein. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity was suppressed in the diabetic rats received ASF (0.26±0.03 U/min/mg Protein) compare to the untreated diabetic (1.44±0.05 U/min/mg Protein). Glycogen content of the treated diabetic rats was elevated to 13.77±0.32 mg/g liver against the diabetic untreated rats (10.69±0.32 mg/g liver). A significant reduction in fasting blood glucose was recorded from the ASF treated diabetic rats (290.4±18.4 mg/dL) compared to diabetic untreated rats (336.0±11.9 mg/dL). Conclusion: The study suggested that Balanites aegyptiaca stem-bark may contained compound(s) that has the capacity to reverse the activity of glucose metabolic enzymes to exert antihyperglycemic activity.
Global Journal of Guidance and Counseling in Schools: Current Perspectives The relationship between emotional intelligence and adjustment in pre-university girl students in Tehran

Regarding the importance of emotional intelligence (EI) in forming adjustment behaviours, the present study aimed at determining the relationship between EI and educational and socio-emotional adjustment in Iranian female students. In a descriptive-correlational study, 300 pre-university female students were selected through multi-stage stratified random sampling in Tehran province. Bar-On ’ s emotional intelligence inventory and adjustment inventory for high school students were used as two standard instruments for data collection. The results suggest a significant relationship between the participants ’ EI and their educational and socio-emotional adjustment ( P < 0.01). Moreover, most of the students had high EI (51.3%). While the majority of the participants had a good level of emotional adjustment (59%), a moderate level of them enjoyed social and educational adjustment, 39.7% and 28%, respectively. Based on findings, it is proposed that elements of EI be trained to pre-university students so as to enable them to confront with problems and equip them with necessary adjustment skills.