Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Networking to Optimize Dmd exon 53 Skipping in the Brain of mdx52 Mouse Model

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in the DMD gene that disrupt the open reading frame and thus prevent production of functional dystrophin proteins. Recent advances in DMD treatment, notably exon skipping and AAV gene therapy, have achieved some success aimed at alleviating the symptoms related to progressive muscle damage. However, they do not address the brain comorbidities associated with DMD, which remains a critical aspect of the disease. The mdx52 mouse model recapitulates one of the most frequent genetic pathogenic variants associated with brain involvement in DMD. Deletion of exon 52 impedes expression of two brain dystrophins, Dp427 and Dp140, expressed from distinct promoters. Interestingly, this mutation is eligible for exon skipping strategies aimed at excluding exon 51 or 53 from dystrophin mRNA. We previously showed that exon 51 skipping can restore partial expression of internally deleted yet functional Dp427 in the brain following intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of antisense oligonucleotides (ASO). This was associated with a partial improvement of anxiety traits, unconditioned fear response, and Pavlovian fear learning and memory in the mdx52 mouse model. In the present study, we investigated in the same mouse model the skipping of exon 53 in order to restore expression of both Dp427 and Dp140. However, in contrast to exon 51, we found that exon 53 skipping was particularly difficult in mdx52 mice and a combination of multiple ASOs had to be used simultaneously to reach substantial levels of exon 53 skipping, regardless of their chemistry (tcDNA, PMO, or 2′MOE). Following ICV injection of a combination of ASO sequences, we measured up to 25% of exon 53 skipping in the hippocampus of treated mdx52 mice, but this did not elicit significant protein restoration. These findings indicate that skipping mouse dystrophin exon 53 is challenging. As such, it has not yet been possible to answer the pertinent question whether rescuing both Dp427 and Dp140 in the brain is imperative to more optimal treatment of neurological aspects of dystrophinopathy.
Assessing the Impact of Medication and Stenting on the Quality of Life of Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis: A Prospective Study

This research aimed to assess the effect of pharmacotherapy alone versus the combination of pharmacotherapy and endoscopic stenting on the quality of life (QoL) outcomes of chronic pancreatitis patients. Chronic pancreatitis, an inflammatory disease, often presents with persistent pain, affecting patients' quality of life. Thirty patients treated either with pharmacotherapy alone or with the addition of endoscopic stenting were analyzed. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) was used to gather data on the patients' QoL. Results showed that both treatment groups experienced improvements in global health, role functioning, fatigue, and abdominal pain scores over follow-ups. Specifically, the stenting group saw notable enhancements in global health and role functioning. The study's conclusions provide valuable insights into the potential benefits of both treatments, with stenting offering significant improvements in certain QoL parameters. However, the sample size and source limit generalizability, suggesting the need for more extensive research across diverse settings.
Defining plausible migration rates based on historical tagging data: a Bayesian mark-recapture model applied to English sole (Parophrys vetulus)

A generalized Bayesian population dynamics model was developed for analysis of historical mark-recapture studies. The Bayesian approach builds upon existing maximum likelihood methods and is useful when substantial uncertainties exist in the data or little information is available about auxiliary parameters such as tag loss and reporting rates. Movement rates are obtained through Markov-chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) simulation, which are suitable for use as input in subsequent stock assessment analysis. The mark-recapture model was applied to English sole (Parophrys vetulus) off the west coast of the United States and Canada and migration rates were estimated to be 2% per month to the north and 4% per month to the south. These posterior parameter distributions and the Bayesian framework for comparing hypotheses can guide fishery scientists in structuring the spatial and temporal complexity of future analyses of this kind. This approach could be easily generalized for application to other species and more data-rich fishery analyses.
Farmers Perception on Soil Erosion and Effect of Conservation Structures on Soil Properties and Wheat Yield in Fulaso Watershed Sebeta Oromia

In Ethiopia, soil erosion by water constitutes to the most widespread and damaging process of soil degradation. The aim of our study is to assess farmers’ perceptions and participation in physical SWC practices and asses the effectiveness of conservation measures. The effects of some key soil properties and crop yield was assessed in Fulaso watershed on Sebeta Awas Woreda Oromia Regional state. A random sampling procedure was used to select the sample households . Questionnaire survey was administered on 100 households to capture their perception and household characteristic and changes 18 farmers field were selected to effect on crop yield and soil properties in treated and untreated sub-watersheds in three slope position. The study result of crop yield assessment on wheat was highly significant in three slope position and between farmers . For some selected physiochemical property between watersheds total pH, exchangeable basis and Cation exchange capacity can’t show significant difference although within watershed can’t show significant difference but among watersheds organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorous were significant this indicate that to build up nutrient it needs time and the results of administered questions showed that 44% and 78 % of the farmers perceived soil erosion as a major problem on crop production from conserved and non- terraced farm plots.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women Towards Dietary Supplements and Alternative Medicine for the City of Mosul

Background: Alternative medicine is a term used to describe treatments that may receive along with traditional medicine. Examples of aalternative medicine include massage, meditation, biofeedback, tai chi, reiki, music therapy, guided imagery, herbal medicines and dietary supplements. This study aimed to Determine pregnant women's knowledge and attitudes about dietary supplementation and alternative medicine. Methodology and materials: A Cross-Sectional study design was used to achieve the present study's objectives from the 10th of December 2021 to the 1st of March 2022. A structured interviewing questionnaire was used to collect data from 250 pregnant women at Al Khansa, Al Salam, Al-Batool, and Mosul General hospitals in Mosul city. Results: The majority (62.8%) of pregnant women's age group was (21-30), and the mean age was of mothers (28.4). (51.6%) of the pregnant were homemakers, (31.2%) were employees, and knowledge of pregnant women using supplements was 1.7973, while knowledge of pregnant women using alternative medicine was 1.627. Pregnant women's attitudes about nutritional supplements and alternative medicine are 2.9331 Conclusion: the knowledge level about supplements and alternative medicine was moderate, and this knowledge was associated with their attitudes. There is a significant relationship between demographic information and their knowledge and attitudes, while BMI and husband occupation were insignificant. Recommendation: Ministry of Health must adopt education through health promotion programs about the safe use of dietary supplements and alternative medicine for pregnant women and better understand the reasons and facilitators. Also, encourage pregnant women through different media to consulate the doctors and nurses before using any nutritional supplement or alternative medicine to prevent complications and side effects. Keywords: Knowledge, pregnant, Mosul, Iraq.
Prevention of snus use: Attitudes and activities in the Public Dental Service in the south‐eastern part of Norway

Dental health care professionals have the opportunity to play a key role in tobacco prevention and cessation among adolescents. Snus use has increased in Norway, especially in the age group 16–24, whereas there has been a decline in smoking. This study investigated attitudes and activities related to snus prevention among dental health care professionals working in the Public Dental Service (PDS) in south‐eastern Norway. A web‐based survey with a total of 557 dentists and dental hygienists in seven counties in Norway, with a response rate of 53.5%, was carried out in 2017. Dentists' and dental hygienists' activities regarding preventive snus use intervention were analysed using the chi‐square test. Intervention was measured with a score (1–5) based on four questions. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between the explanatory variables of attitudes/activities and the outcome intervention variable. Approximately 87% of the dentists and 58% of the dental hygienists were not familiar with the “minimum intervention method” for tobacco prevention and cessation. Dental hygienists were most active in informing and supporting their patients in prevention and cessation of snus use. The PDS is an underutilized arena for tobacco prevention and cessation among adolescents, and the intervention potential is particularly high among the dentists.
Exact computation of the asymptotic variance matrix for a tuple of multinomial distributions with dependent parameters

In this paper, we consider a statistical model consisting of an s-tuple of multinomial distributions whose parameters are dependent. This model is used in road safety to study the effect of a measure implemented on a set of s sites comprising a total of r accident severity levels and is depending on a parameter vector of 1+sr components under s equality constraints. The computation of the so important asymptotic variance matrix W requires some numerical matrix inversions which become very complicated for large values of s and r. To circumvent this difficulty, we use Schur complement for the exact analytic inversion and we propose a strategy for calculating W. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach using simulated data.
The Role of Self-Confidence and Mood in Shaping Learning Motivation and Academic Achievement: A Study of Senior Students at Islamic Religious Education Program

This study delves into the challenges faced by senior students enrolled in the Islamic Religious Education Program at the State Islamic University, Sunan Gunung Djati, Bandung. These senior students have exhibited a noticeable decline in their academic performance, evident in the diminishing Cumulative Grade Point Averages (CGPAs). The primary concern voiced by these students centers around a lack of motivation to actively engage in lectures, which is attributed to a less conducive learning environment and a lack of self-confidence in participating actively and constructively during class sessions. This study, which involved 52 senior students enrolled in the Islamic Religious Education Program, employed an online survey as its primary data collection method. The gathered data underwent rigorous analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) in conjunction with path analysis to derive meaningful insights. The research findings unequivocally reveal that self-confidence (X1) and emotional disposition (X2) play pivotal roles in influencing Academic Achievement (Z). This influence is observed both in direct correlations and through the mediating variable of Learning Motivation (Y). These empirical results underscore the pressing need for the management of the Islamic Religious Education Program at Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University, Bandung, to formulate and implement targeted policies. Such policies should be designed to address the challenges faced by senior students, ultimately facilitating their successful graduation with commendable academic achievements.
Prediction of Thermal Postbuckling Behavior Of Uniform Shear Flexible Column Undergoing Large Lateral Deflections Through An Intuitive Formulation

This paper presents a simple intuitive formulation to predict the thermal postbuckling behavior of uniform shear flexible columns, subjected a uniform temperature rise from its stress free condition, undergoing large lateral deflections. The two ends of the columns are restrained to move axially, so that a mechanical equivalent of the constant compressive load is developed, due to the increase in temperature. The proposed formulation is based on the use of nonlinearities existing in both the axial displacement and lateral deflection, which differs from the von-Karman type nonlinearity due to the moderately large lateral deflections only. In this paper, a simple analytical formula is developed to predict the thermal post buckling behavior of columns, considering both the nonlinearities. The numerical results obtained from the developed intuitive formulas match very well, for the slender columns. Since, there are no results available in the literature, to compare the current results with the case of the shear flexible columns, the authors are of the opinion that the trends of these results, given in this paper, show that there is a reasonable probability that the present results are reliable.
Energetic and exergetic experimental investigation of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal solar collector under real weather conditions

Experimental results obtained using a photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar system are presented and discussed. This hybrid combination is an emerging technology that combines photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors in one bi-functional component providing both electrical and thermal energy. The main objective of this coupling is to improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic panels by reducing their operating temperatures and recovering the thermal energy they dissipate, using heat transfer fluids (water in the present study). A theoretical analysis of photovoltaic, thermal and photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar systems is presented. Both electrical and thermal performances of the proposed photovoltaic thermal prototype system are evaluated and analyzed under local weather conditions of Essaouira-Morocco (Latitude: 31.51,| Longitude: -9.76). A comparative study in terms of overall energy efficiency of photovoltaic thermal and conventional photovoltaic systems is conducted and discussed. The obtained experimental findings show that, unlike the conventional photovoltaic panel for which the overall efficiency does not exceed 8.22%, the hybrid system makes it possible to achieve a maximum overall efficiency of about 42.72%. The extracted energy? s quality and efficiency are evaluated through the exergy analysis of the proposed photovoltaic thermal system. The electrical and thermal exergy efficiencies recorded for the studied sytem are 9.78% and 3.07%, respectively.
Venice: Rising Water or Sinking Land?

Abstract The recent paper by Bellfiore, Ghezzo, Tagliapietra and Umgiesser [1] gives us the opportunity to discuss the relative sea level rise in Venice (Venezia). They accept that the Venetian sea level rise will be part of a global rise caused by ocean thermal expansion and melting of icecaps caused in turn by global warming induced by anthropogenic carbon dioxide production. In reality the sea levels have been only oscillating during the last few decades. Theworldwide average sea level rise is free of any acceleration. This is also true for theVenice and Trieste tide gauges. The sea level records of Venice and Trieste are very different, and it is impossible for two places so close together to have such differences from a common rise in sea level. Venice is sinking relative to Trieste.
Essays on health economics:trans fat policies, commuting, physical activity, and body mass index in the US

This thesis is made up of three empirical essays on obesity and chronic disease risk in the United States. Specifically, it examines health effects of trans fat reduction policies, the relationship between commuting and body mass index (BMI), and commuting and physical activity tradeoffs among individuals with differing levels of BMI. Chapter 2 examines the effects on individual-level measures of health from trans fat reduction policies in commercially prepared foods. Difference-in-difference estimation is used to identify changes in blood cholesterol levels prior to and after implementation of a series of related policies among restaurant meal consumers and non-consumers. Individuals with higher levels of consumption were found to have healthier cholesterol levels following implementation of the policies, while non-consumers saw less marked declines in cholesterol. Results remained robust to testing other obesity-related health measures less affected by trans fat consumption. Chapter 3 examines the relationship between active and sedentary commuting and BMI. Contrary to recent literature, this work finds little evidence of a relationship between increased sedentary commuting and higher BMI; instead this work suggests the link between commuting and poor health in the literature may be explained by a strong relationship between active commuting and lower BMI. These findings suggest further work is needed disentangle active and sedentary commuting choices. Chapter 4 revisits the relationship between sedentary commuting and physical activity to examine two issues. First, to find evidence of causality in this relationship and second, to examine whether this relationship varies by heterogeneity in health status. This work uses a two-part model of time use to examine both physical activity participation and duration decisions. Among healthy-weight and overweight individuals, commuting is associated with a decrease in participation, but not with duration of physical activities. However, among the obese, no significant relationship is observed. Results for nonobese males are robust to an instrumental variables approach (IV), however the instrument is not predictive of commuting behavior among obese males or among women, suggesting that determinants of commuting may be different for groups with differing health status.
epidemiologia, sinais clínicos e patologia 1

R.R. , Schild A.L. , Driemeier D. , Garmatz S.L. , Oliveira F.N. , Riet-Correa F. & Barros C.S.L. 2005. (Malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Epidemiology, clinical signs and pathology , clinical signs and pathology , clinical signs and pathology , clinical signs and pathology
Soaring across continents: decision-making of a soaring migrant under changing atmospheric conditions along an entire flyway

Thermal soaring birds reduce flight-energy costs by alternatingly gaining altitude in thermals and gliding across the earth’s surface. To find out how soaring migrants adjust their flight behaviour to dynamic atmospheric conditions across entire migration routes, we combined optimal soaring migration theory with high-resolution GPS tracking data of migrating honey buzzards Pernis apivorus and wind data from a global numerical atmospheric model. We compared measurements of gliding air speeds to predictions based on two distinct behavioural benchmarks for thermal soaring flight. The first being a time-optimal strategy whereby birds alter their gliding air speeds as a function of climb rates to maximize cross-country air speed over a full climb–glide cycle (V opt ). The second a risk-averse energy-efficient strategy at which birds alter their gliding air speed in response to tailwinds/headwinds to maximize the distance travelled in the intended direction during each glide phase (V bgw ). Honey buzzards were gliding on average 2.05 ms –1 slower than V opt and 3.42 ms –1 faster than V bgw while they increased air speeds with climb rates and reduced air speeds in tailwinds. They adopted flexible flight strategies gliding mostly near V bgw under poor soaring conditions and closer to V opt in good soaring conditions. Honey buzzards most adopted a time-optimal strategy when crossing the Sahara, and
Discovery of an Active Forearc Fault in an Urban Region: Holocene Rupture on the XEOLXELEK‐Elk Lake Fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Subduction forearcs are subject to seismic hazard from upper plate faults that are often invisible to instrumental monitoring networks. Identifying active faults in forearcs therefore requires integration of geomorphic, geologic, and paleoseismic data. We demonstrate the utility of a combined approach in a densely populated region of Vancouver Island, Canada, by combining remote sensing, historical imagery, field investigations, and shallow geophysical surveys to identify a previously unrecognized active fault, the XEOLXELEK‐Elk Lake fault, in the northern Cascadia forearc, ∼10 km north of the city of Victoria. Lidar‐derived digital terrain models and historical air photos show a ∼2.5‐m‐high scarp along the surface of a Quaternary drumlinoid ridge. Paleoseismic trenching and electrical resistivity tomography surveys across the scarp reveal a single reverse‐slip earthquake produced a fault‐propagation fold above a blind southwest‐dipping fault. Five geologically plausible chronological models of radiocarbon dated charcoal constrain the likely earthquake age to between 4.7 and 2.3 ka. Fault‐propagation fold modeling indicates ∼3.2 m of reverse slip on a blind, 50° southwest‐dipping fault can reproduce the observed deformation. Fault scaling relations suggest a M 6.1–7.6 earthquake with a 13 to 73‐km‐long surface rupture and 2.3–3.2 m of dip slip may be responsible for the deformation observed in the paleoseismic trench. An earthquake near this magnitude in Greater Victoria could result in major damage, and our results highlight the importance of augmenting instrumental monitoring networks with remote sensing and field studies to identify and characterize active faults in similarily challenging environments.
Effects of Stage Loading on Performance and Flow Field of a Centrifugal Compressor With Inlet Pressure Distortion

The paper presents experimental results on the effects of inlet total pressure distortion on the performance and flow field of a centrifugal compressor. The total pressure at the inlet is artificially distorted by means of a perforated sheet, which is supported by a support mesh. A total of eleven configurations, including clean inlet configuration, are tested. Performance measurements and impeller inlet and exit flow studies at three flow coefficients, one near design flow coefficient, one below design flow coefficient and one above design flow coefficient, are carried out. The present paper presents and discusses results at the three flow coefficients and the effects of stage loading on the distortion effects are presented. A new parameter, Distortion Index (DI) is introduced. As DI increases, the mass averaged total pressure at exit stations decreases. Distortion sector angle of 60° having the lowest total pressure is found to be the critical sector for circumferential distortion configurations. As the Distortion Correlation parameter, DC (60) increases, the mass averaged total pressure for circumferential distortion configuration decreases, except in the case of low flow coefficient where the mass averaged total pressure is nearly constant. DC (60) also increases with sector angle. The static pressure normalized with static pressure for clean inlet decreases as the distortion sector angle is increased. Distortion attenuates the static pressure as the flow passes through the vaneless diffuser. The attenuation increases with the distortion sector angle.