Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low socioeconomic status students transitioning from Vocational Education and Training (VET) to university: examining definitions of success

ABSTRACT Within Australia, Vocational Education and Training (VET) is promoted as a pathway for low socioeconomic status (LSES) students to enter Higher Education (HE). However, greater equity will only occur if these students achieve successful university outcomes. But how should such success be defined? This paper examined two data sources (i.e., nine years of archival achievement data from one multi-campus Australian university, 18 qualitative interviews with LSES VET students who had transitioned to HE) to consider varying measures of this group’s success. Quantitative achievement measures indicated that although VET-entry students performed as well as or better than those entering based on secondary school results, LSES students had systematically lower academic achievement across both groups, suggesting equity goals are yet to be realised. While interviewed students frequently mentioned grades, they also described seeing improvement, making connections, experiencing satisfaction and growing confidence as markers of success. Data highlighted the negative consequences some LSES VET students experienced when grades were viewed as the sole metric of success. Findings suggest it is important for universities to continue to promote VET pathways and normalise diverse conceptions of success to encourage persistence when academic achievement goals are not immediately reached.
La Unión Monzogranite: geochronology and significance of the Jurassic arc in the Sula Terrane, Guatemala

La Unión pluton (LUP) belongs to the metamorphic and igneous Sula Terrane (ST) of Central Guatemala, limited to the north by the Motagua fault (MF) and to the south by the Jocotán-Chamelecón fault system (J-CH-FS). The basement of the ST is characterized by the high-grade metamorphic rocks belonging to the Las Ovejas Complex and the extensive low-grade San Diego phyllite, the latter in tectonic contact with LUP. A combination of field data, petrographic and geochemical analyses as well as geochronologic dating by U-Pb method, allow to classify LUP as a monzogranite with an age of 170 Ma (average of two dated samples), characterized by high-K calcalkaline and peraluminous affinity and with a REE pattern typical of a continental magmatic arc. Some trace-elements behavior and a comparison of similar-age units found elsewhere in eastern, central and southern Mexico, allow to associate its formation to the lithospheric thinning and extension that occurred during the breakup of Pangea and the opening of the Gulf of Mexico.
The Construction of Executive Function in Early Development: The Pragmatics of Action and Gestures

The position I take in this paper is that investigation of the construction and development of executive function (EF) and cognitive self-regulation must give children the opportunity to behave with initiative, as the agents they are. It must be based on children’s goal-directed behaviours and the challenges they face to achieve their own goals from the last third of the first year of life. It must consider children’s interests, the ecological validity of the situations, and the social context. Investigation into the origin and early development of cognitive self-regulation must be firmly anchored within a developmental framework. I will suggest that such a developmental framework is provided by the functional turn developed in the School of Geneva in the 1970s and its influence on the Pragmatics of the Object perspective. According to this pragmatic approach, actions and (private) gestures are central in the emergence and construction of EF.
Utilization of composite adsorbents for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorption from vehicle-wash wastewater and aqueous solutions

This study aims to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from both vehicle wash waste- water and aqueous solutions through batch experiment utilizing composite adsorbents. The composite adsorbents such as waste polystyrene/biochar/bentonite (wPS/C/Bt) and waste polyethylene terephthalate/biochar/bentonite (wPET/C/Bt) were prepared using waste polystyrene (wPS) and waste polyethylene terephthalate (wPET) as matrix and bentonite clay and biochar as filler. The synthesized wPS/C/Bt and wPET/C/Bt were used as adsorbents for the adsorption of PAHs from vehicle wash wastewater as well as aqueous solution. The prepared composite adsorbents were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, surface area analyser, as well as scan-ning electron microscopy. To study the PAHs adsorption by wPS/C/Bt and wPET/C/Bt, the batch adsorption process was performed with different factors such as temperature, contact time, pH, initial PAHs concentration and the dose of adsorbents. The equilibrium isotherms were tested by Langmuir and Freundlich models. In addition, the adsorption kinetics were explored using pseu-do-second-order as well as pseudo-first-order models. The acquired adsorption kinetic statistics show that the process fits the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order model. The various thermodynamic factors, like Gibbs free energy (Δ G °), enthalpy (Δ H °) and entropy (Δ S °) have shown that the process of adsorption PAHs onto wPS/C/Bt and wPET/C/Bt was an endothermic and non-sponta-neous process. The results of this study show that wPS/C/Bt and wPET/C/Bt exhibit higher efficien- cies (>70%) and can be used as promising adsorbents while eliminating PAHs from wastewater.
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Meningkatkan Kecakapan Multiliterasi di Sekolah Dasar

Indonesia telah merdeka sejak tahun 1945 dengan segala juang yang patut dibanggakan. Dalam bidang Pendidikan Indonesia beberapa kali menyempurnakan kurikulum untuk memenuhi perkembangan zaman atas kebutuhan generasi anak bangsa. Kian lama generasi anak bangsa kian menampakkan kebutuhan yang mendesak akan bidang ilmu pengetahuan. Menyambut kebutuhan tersebut pemerintah menggalakkan Gerakan yang berusaha meningkatkan kompetensi generasi bangsa. Salah satunya adalah Gerakan Literasi Nasional (GLN) sebagai Gerakan untuk menjabarkan tujuan pendidikan nasional negara Indonesia. Dewasa ini, pengertian literasi tidak hanya sebatas membaca dan menulis namun sudah memasuki lintas disiplin ilmu. Dalam hal ini, kecakapan multiliterasi diperkenalkan sebagai suatu kecakapan yang meliputi berbagai disiplin ilmu dan multimodal. Di mana kecakapan multiliterasi adalah kecakapan yang diperlukan menghadapi tantangan abad 21. Diantaranya meliputi literasi membaca dan menulis, literasi sains, literasi numerasi, literasi digital, literasi finansial, serta literasi budaya dan kewarganegaraan. Namun, indeks kemampuan literasi negara Indonesia dalam berbagai segi masih belum menampakkan pencapaian signifikan. Terlebih di sekolah dasar sebagai pondasi Pendidikan Dasar peserta didik, di mana pada masa ini peserta didik dalam masa golden age. Di mana masa yang sangat tepat untuk melatih berbagai segi kecakapan untuk kebermaknaan hidup di masa yang akan datang. Maka dari itu artikel ini dikaji sebagai bahan pengetahuan bagaimana kepempimpinan Kepala Sekolah untuk meningkatkan kecakapan multiliterasi di masa yang akan datang. Demi tercapainya generasi emas tahun 2045.
Comparison and Optimization: Research on the Structure of the PET Bottle Bottom Based on the Finite Element Method

The polyethylene terephthalate (PET) beverage bottle is one of the most common beverage packages in the world, but the bottom of the PET bottle tends to crack due to excessive stress. In this paper, through numerical simulation and finite element analysis, the mechanical properties of four typical geometric models of bottle bottom are studied, and it is determined that “claw flap bottle bottom (CF-bottom)” has the best structure. Then, the shapes of four bottle bottom structures are fine-tuned by using the automatic optimization method. Under the premise of the same material quality, the surface maximum principal stress, the overall maximum principal stress, and the total elastic strain energy of the bottle bottom are reduced by 46.39–71.81%, 38.16–71.50%, and 38.56–61.38%, respectively, while the deformation displacement is also reduced by 0.63 mm–3.43 mm. In contrast to other papers, this paper dispenses with the manual adjustment of various variables, instead adopting automatic shape optimization to obtain a more accurate model. The percentage of maximum principal stress reduction is remarkable, which provides a feasible theoretical guidance for the structural optimization of PET bottle bottom in the production process.
The convergent xenogeneic silencer MucR predisposes α-proteobacteria to integrate AT-rich symbiosis genes

Abstract Bacterial adaptation is largely shaped by horizontal gene transfer, xenogeneic silencing mediated by lineage-specific DNA bridgers (H-NS, Lsr2, MvaT and Rok), and various anti-silencing mechanisms. No xenogeneic silencing DNA bridger is known for α-proteobacteria, from which mitochondria evolved. By investigating α-proteobacterium Sinorhizobium fredii, a facultative legume microsymbiont, here we report the conserved zinc-finger bearing MucR as a novel xenogeneic silencing DNA bridger. Self-association mediated by its N-terminal domain (NTD) is required for DNA–MucR–DNA bridging complex formation, maximizing MucR stability, transcriptional silencing, and efficient symbiosis in legume nodules. Essential roles of NTD, CTD (C-terminal DNA-binding domain), or full-length MucR in symbiosis can be replaced by non-homologous NTD, CTD, or full-length protein of H-NS from γ-proteobacterium Escherichia coli, while NTD rather than CTD of Lsr2 from Gram-positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis can replace the corresponding domain of MucR in symbiosis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing reveals similar recruitment profiles of H-NS, MucR and various functional chimeric xenogeneic silencers across the multipartite genome of S. fredii, i.e. preferring AT-rich genomic islands and symbiosis plasmid with key symbiosis genes as shared targets. Collectively, the convergently evolved DNA bridger MucR predisposed α-proteobacteria to integrate AT-rich foreign DNA including symbiosis genes, horizontal transfer of which is strongly selected in nature.
The Peculiar H I Kinematics of the Wolf-Rayet Starburst Galaxy NGC 5253

We report the discovery of a peculiar H I velocity field in the nearby amorphous dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 5253 which indicates that the bulk of the neutral atomic gas rotates about the galaxy's optical major axis. There is also weak evidence for a second H I dynamical component rotating about the optical minor axis. We estimate the dynamical mass at 3 × 108/sin2 i M☉. The gasdynamics in NGC 5253 are vaguely reminiscent of what is seen in polar ring galaxies and dust lane ellipticals, but the large gas mass fraction (~0.6 for i = 50°), young starburst population, irregular optical morphology, lack of a stellar ring, and lack of stellar rotation (≤ 7 km s-1) are inconsistent with either type of object. NGC 5253's unique gasdynamics and current star formation activity may be either (1) the result of an interaction with the nearby spiral M83 ~109 yr ago or (2) due to the disruption and accretion of a gas-rich companion on a highly inclined orbit. A combination of wide-field, high-sensitivity H I mapping and new optical spectra measuring the stellar kinematics along the minor axis could discriminate between these two possible interaction scenarios and constrain the original, preinteraction nature of NGC 5253. It is possible that NGC 5253 will later develop into a polar ring galaxy and that we are observing it during its period of ring formation.
Accuracy and consistency in discovering dimensionality by correlation constraint analysis and common factor analysis

Title: ACCURACY AND CONSISTENCY IN DISCOVERING DIMENSIONALITY BY CORRELATION CONSTRAINT ANALYSIS AND COMMON FACTOR ANALYSIS Rochelle Elaine Tractenberg, Ph.D., 2009 Directed By: Professor Gregory R. Hancock, Department of Measurement, Statistics and Evaluation An important application of multivariate analysis is the estimation of the underlying dimensions of an instrument or set of variables. Estimation of dimensions is often pursued with the objective of finding the single factor or dimension to which each observed variable belongs or by which it is most strongly influenced. This can involve estimating the loadings of observed variables on a pre-specified number of factors, achieved by common factor analysis (CFA) of the covariance or correlational structure of the observed variables. Another method, correlation constraint analysis (CCA), operates on the determinants of all 2x2 submatrices of the covariance matrix of the variables. CCA software also determines if partialling out the effects of any observed variable affects observed correlations, the only exploratory method to specifically rule out (or identify) observed variables as being the cause of correlations among observed variables. CFA estimates the strengths of associations between factors, hypothesized to underlie or cause observed correlations, and the observed variables; CCA does not estimate factor loadings but can uncover mathematical evidence of the causal relationships hypothesized between factors and observed variables. These are philosophically and analytically diverse methods for estimating the dimensionality of a set of variables, and each can be useful in understanding the simple structure in multivariate data. This dissertation studied the performances of these methods at uncovering the dimensionality of simulated data under conditions of varying sample size and model complexity, the presence of a weak factor, and correlated vs. independent factors. CCA was sensitive (performed significantly worse) when these conditions were present in terms of omitting more factors, and omitting and mis-assigning more indicators. CFA was also found to be sensitive to all but one condition (whether factors were correlated or not) in terms of omitting factors; it was sensitive to all conditions in terms of omitting and mis-assigning indicators, and it also found extra factors depending on the number of factors in the population, the purity of factors and the presence of a weak factor. This is the first study of CCA in data with these specific features of complexity, which are common in multivariate data. ACCURACY AND CONSISTENCY IN DISCOVERING DIMENSIONALITY BY CORRELATION CONSTRAINT ANALYSIS AND COMMON FACTOR ANALYSIS
Vortex-induced forces on oscillating bluff cylinders

Abstract : Vortex-induced forces and consequent vibration of long cylindrical structures are important for a large number of engineering applications, while the complexity of the underlying physical mechanisms is such that this is one of the canonical problems of fluid mechanics. Vortex shedding force varies in frequency and magnitude along the length of the structure, causing the response at any point to be amplitude-modulated in space and time. The focus is on the measurement, via forced-oscillation experiments, of the vortex-induced lift and drag forces acting on circular cylinders undergoing sinusoidal and amplitude- modulated oscillations. Basic concepts on vortex formation and vortex-induced vibrations, a review of the existing literature, and details of the experimental apparatus and data processing methods are presented. Stationary and sinusoidal oscillation tests are presented. Several novel properties are described, among them the role of the lift force phase angle in causing the amplitude-limited nature of VIV, and use of the lift force excitation region in contrast with the often-quoted but quite different lift force lock-in region. Next, a comprehensive data error analysis, and a simple VIV prediction scheme are described. New data on amplitude-modulated oscillations are presented. The concept of control of the mean wake velocity profile via the control of the major vortical feature is explored, with possible applications being the reduction of the in-line wake velocity and alteration of the wake signature.
Analisis Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Sekolah Penggerak Sekolah Dasar

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menelaah tentang "Analisis Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Sekolah Penggerak SDN Guruminda 244 Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang melihat dan mendengar lebih dekat dan terperinci penjelasan dan pemahaman individual tentang pengalaman-pengalamannya. Pendekatan fenomenologi tersebut didasari dari adanya ketertarikan peneliti untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam mengenai fenomena yang dialami oleh informan kunci. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SDN Guruminda 244 Kota Bandung. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah guru, kepala sekolah, pengawas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan beberapa teknik, yaitu; (a) observasi; (b) wawancara; dan (c) studi dokumentasi. Untuk menjamin keabsahan data dilakukan dengan beberapa upaya sebagai berikut: (a) memperpanjang masa pengumpulan data, (b) melakukan observasi secara terus-menerus dan sungguh-sungguh, (c) melakukan triangulasi, dan (d) melibatkan teman sejawat untuk berdiskusi. Dari hasil penelaahan dalam penelitian ini ditemukan adanya kurikulum merdeka yang menjadi acuan di sekolah penggerak, yang menghasilkan siswa yang berakhlak mulia, mandiri, bernalar kritis, kreatif, gotong royong, rasa kebhinekaan. Kepala sekolah penggerak mendorong berbagai macam program partisipatif, unik, dan banyak inovasi. Memupuk kerja sama dengan guru-guru yang mendukung pemimpinnya berpartisipasi dalam mewujudkan sekolah penggerak.
Targeting of a Conserved Epitope in Mouse and Human GPVI Differently Affects Receptor Function

Glycoprotein (GP) VI is the major platelet collagen receptor and a promising anti-thrombotic target. This was first demonstrated in mice using the rat monoclonal antibody JAQ1, which completely blocks the Collagen-Related Peptide (CRP)-binding site on mouse GPVI and efficiently inhibits mouse platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation on collagen. Here, we show for the first time that JAQ1 cross-reacts with human GPVI (huGPVI), but not with GPVI in other tested species, including rat, rabbit, guinea pig, swine, and dog. We further demonstrate that JAQ1 differently modulates mouse and human GPVI function. Similar to its effects on mouse GPVI (mGPVI), JAQ1 inhibits CRP-induced activation in human platelets, whereas, in stark contrast to mouse GPVI, it does not inhibit the adhesion, activation or aggregate formation of human platelets on collagen, but causes instead an increased response. This effect was also seen with platelets from newly generated human GPVI knockin mice (hGP6tg/tg). These results indicate that the binding of JAQ1 to a structurally conserved epitope in GPVI differently affects its function in human and mouse platelets.
Histomorphological studies on the testicular capsule of crossbred Large White Yorkshire boars (Sus scrofa domesticus)

The present study was conducted on the testes of six healthy adult Large White Yorkshire pigs. Parenchyma of testes of adult boars was surrounded by a thick fibrous testicular capsule composed of inner tunica vasculosa, middle tunica albuginea, and outer visceral layer of tunica vaginalis. Tunica vasculosa was prominent and characterised by loose connective tissue contained numerous blood vessels. Tunica albuginea was composed of irregular connective tissues madeup of collagen, elastin and reticular fibres. Visceral layer of tunica vaginalis was found as outer thin layer of testicular capsule comprised of mesothelium and connective tissue layer. Connective tissue layer was blended with underlying connective tissues of tunica albuginea.
Congruent Assessment of human hypoglycemic effect through STZ-Induced Diabetic rats fed Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a heterogeneous metabolic disorder, affect people at any point of their lives. Globally, a wide variation in the prevalence of diabetes was observed but, showed zero percent within people that regularly consume camel milk because of their highly nutritional and therapeutic potentials to treat many metabolic and autoimmune diseases. The present study validated the efficacy of camel milk by investigating the differential hypoglycemic effects in concurrence with related biochemical tests in rats fed with raw and pasteurized milk of the one-humped Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (60mg.Kg-1 body weight) fed separately with raw and pasteurized camel milk for three weeks and injected with streptozotocin induced DM besides the investigation on the levels of blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), and insulin. Results showed a significant hypoglycemic effect with both raw and pasteurized camel milk but, more prominent with the raw milk. Three weeks consumption of raw camel milk significantly increased blood cholesterol levels while consumption of pasteurized camel milk caused the reverse. Both types of camel milk revealed significant decrease in the blood TAG levels and were statistically validated. Thus, the present study recommends the choice of camel milk consumption especially in diabetic patients as well, as an immunity booster in the wake of the present environmental health issues.
Managing genetic diversity in pig populations: implications of optimal contribution selection in the Black Slavonian pig

Abstract Implications of optimal contribution selection for litter size in the Black Slavonian pig were analysed using 23,882 litter records from 6764 sows. To obtain population parameters, pedigree analysis was performed for 7367 animals. The average inbreeding coefficient was 2.87%, the average inbreeding rate was 1.96%, and the effective population size was 25.52. The average maximum number of generations traced back was 4.12 and the average number of full generations was 1.17. Selection candidates were chosen using the following criteria: animals had no culling date in the record; animals had sufficient pedigree depth and an estimated breeding value. Using these criteria, 8 boars among 24 and 386 sows among 2028 were defined as selection candidates. Two scenarios were tested. The first scenario was based on the application of the traditional optimal contribution selection with the maximisation of genetic gain and restricting the mean kinship in the offspring accounting also for breeding values. The second scenario was based on minimising inbreeding by restricting the average kinship of the population. In the first scenario, different kinship constraints between candidates resulted in changing the number of selected animals and changed the average breeding values such that the number of selected candidates increased when the kinship constraint was stronger, with a simultaneous decrease in breeding values. The second scenario resulted in increased inbreeding when the additional weight on genetic gain was added. The results of the study showed that the use of optimal contribution selection in Black Slavonian is possible, however, with additional efforts to improve pedigree and data quality. HIGHLIGHTS Genetic diversity analysis and application of optimal contribution selection in the Black Slavonian pig were analysed using pedigree. Results indicate a recent loss of genetic variability in the Black Slavonian pig. Optimal contribution selection enabled simultaneous genetic improvement and achieving conservation goals.