Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of sudden stratospheric warming on general circulation of the thermosphere

Impacts of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) on the thermosphere were studied using a gravity wave (GW)‐resolving whole atmosphere model. During an SSW event, the mesosphere at high latitudes cools, and the lower thermosphere becomes warm. At the peak of the SSW event, a temperature drop occurs above an altitude of 150 km at high latitudes. Our results indicate that the SSW event strongly affects meridional circulation and GW drag in the thermosphere. In the lower thermosphere, upward wind in the Arctic region, southward wind in the region between the North Pole and the South Pole, and downward wind in the Antarctic region are dominant before SSW occurs. The SSW event reverses meridional circulation at altitudes between 90 and 125 km in the Northern Hemisphere. During the SSW event, downward wind in the Arctic region and northward wind in the Northern Hemisphere prevail in the lower thermosphere. A detailed analysis revealed that during the SSW event, the change in meridional circulation is caused by the attenuation of the GW drag, and we identified the mechanism responsible for this attenuation. Moreover, we assessed the impacts of SSW on temperatures in the equatorial region and Southern Hemisphere.
Qualidade fisiológica e armazenamento de sementes de feijão-comum produzidas no norte de Minas Gerais

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of four cultivars of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds produced at conditions Janauba, north of Minas Gerais, before and after storage. The experiment was conducted at Seed Analysis Laboratory, State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), from August 2011 to September 2012. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2 x 4, with two periods of storage and four bean cultivars (Ouro Vermelho, Ouro Negro, Madreperola and Manteigao Vermelho), with four replications. After harvest and the twelve months of storage, the seeds were evaluated for water content, thousand seed mass, germination and vigor (first germination, seedling emergence and accelerated aging). After twelve months of storage, only the seeds of the cultivar Madreperola maintained a germination percentage superior to 80%. The Ouro Vermelho and Ouro Negro cultivars showed reductions of 32 and 29% germination, respectively, indicating that possibly the storage conditions of the present study were not efficient in conserving physiological quality of these cultivars. The seed quality of cultivar Madreperola is not influenced by storage period. Storage twelve months reduces the physiological quality of the cultivars Ouro Vermelho and Ouro Negro. Regardless of the storage period, the seeds of the cultivar Manteigao Vermelho have lower physiological quality.
Environmental Management System (EMS) in Hotel Industry: Government Incentives & Customer Demand.

The tourism industry in Malaysia has been a significant contributor to pollution, necessitating the implementation of environmental management systems (EMS) to address the negative impact of environmental degradation. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of government incentives and customer demand on the adoption of EMS in Malaysian hotels. The research was based on questionnaires collected from 4- and 5-star hotels in the Central Region of Malaysia, and the data were analyzed using Least Square Partial Structural Equation Modeling. Contrary to expectations, the study found that neither government incentives nor customer demand had an impact on EMS adoption. However, the size of the hotel was found to be a significant factor affecting the adoption of EMS. This study contributes to the literature on motivational factors and EMS adoption in emerging markets like Malaysia and highlights the importance of considering the size of the hotel when designing policies to promote EMS adoption.
Neuropsychological differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia: a systematic review with meta-regressions

Introduction Diagnostic classification systems and guidelines posit distinguishing patterns of impairment in Alzheimer’s (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). In our study, we aim to identify which diagnostic instruments distinguish them. Methods We searched PubMed and PsychInfo for empirical studies published until December 2020, which investigated differences in cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric, and functional measures in patients older than 64 years and reported information on VaD subtype, age, education, dementia severity, and proportion of women. We systematically reviewed these studies and conducted Bayesian hierarchical meta-regressions to quantify the evidence for differences using the Bayes factor (BF). The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale and funnel plots. Results We identified 122 studies with 17,850 AD and 5,247 VaD patients. Methodological limitations of the included studies are low comparability of patient groups and an untransparent patient selection process. In the digit span backward task, AD patients were nine times more probable (BF = 9.38) to outperform VaD patients ( βg = 0.33, 95% ETI = 0.12, 0.52). In the phonemic fluency task, AD patients outperformed subcortical VaD (sVaD) patients ( βg = 0.51, 95% ETI = 0.22, 0.77, BF = 42.36). VaD patients, in contrast, outperformed AD patients in verbal ( βg = −0.61, 95% ETI = −0.97, −0.26, BF = 22.71) and visual ( βg = −0.85, 95% ETI = −1.29, −0.32, BF = 13.67) delayed recall. We found the greatest difference in verbal memory, showing that sVaD patients outperform AD patients ( βg = −0.64, 95% ETI = −0.88, −0.36, BF = 72.97). Finally, AD patients performed worse than sVaD patients in recognition memory tasks ( βg = −0.76, 95% ETI = −1.26, −0.26, BF = 11.50). Conclusion Our findings show inferior performance of AD in episodic memory and superior performance in working memory. We found little support for other differences proposed by diagnostic systems and diagnostic guidelines. The utility of cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric, and functional measures in differential diagnosis is limited and should be complemented by other information. Finally, we identify research areas and avenues, which could significantly improve the diagnostic value of cognitive measures.
3-D Gravity Anomaly Inversion for Imaging Salt Structures, With Application to Vinton Salt Dome, Gulf of Mexico

Salt domes are favorable geological structures associated with hydrocarbon reservoirs and critical mineral resources. Currently, imaging salt diapir subsurface structures have received widespread attention. The gravity method has been widely used to interpret salt structures due to the significant density contrast between salts and surrounding sediments. However, complex mass sources at different depths challenge the interpretation of the gravity data over salt domes. In this study, we put forward the mixed L1- and L2-norm regularized inversion of the gravity data observed on the surface to image the 3-D subsurface structure of salt domes. The synthetic tests demonstrate that the mixed-norm regularization inversion of gravity data can effectively recover subsurface complex density anomalies similar to salt dome structures. The practical application in the Vinton Salt Dome reveals a shallow high-density caprock and a deep low-density salt core beneath Vinton Dome, greatly enriching the underground structure information of the study area. It demonstrates that the mixed-norm regularized inversion is a valuable interpretation technique for detecting and delineating salt structures.
MOR- vs. SSZ- origin of metamafic rocks in the upper high-grade basement unit of the Eastern Rhodope: geochemical diversity and tectonic significance

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The 1872 Baltic Sea storm surge

On 13 November 1872, the Baltic Sea coast from Denmark to Pomerania was devastated by an extreme storm surge caused by high winds. This is still the strongest surge on record, and understanding its development can contribute to improved risk assessment and protection. In this paper we trace this event in sea-level pressure and wind data from the “Twentieth Century Reanalysis” (20CR) and compare the results with other observation-based data sources. The analysis shows that, in the ensemble mean of 20CR, the general development is qualitatively well depicted, but with much reduced strength compared to other data sets. The same is true when selecting the ensemble member with maximum wind speeds.
Level of episiotomy practice and its disparity among primiparous and multiparous women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Episiotomy at the time of vaginal birth is a common lifesaving surgical procedure. In Ethiopia, several studies have been conducted concerning the proportion of episiotomy. However, its prevalence varies across these series of studies. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the level of episiotomy practice and its disparity among primiparous and multiparous women in Ethiopia. Methods This systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. We systematically searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases for studies conducted in Ethiopia focusing on episiotomy. We included all cross-sectional studies published until October 5,2022. Data were analyzed using R version 4.2. 1 software. The pooled estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were presented using forest plots. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on extracted crude rates to calculate the national and regional pooled estimates for the country. The I-squared test and Egger's regression test were used to assess heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. Results Our search yielded 390 articles. A total of 13 studies covering five administrative regions and 6,404 women who delivered vaginally were involved. The mean age of the study participants ranged from 22 to 27.7 years. The estimated overall pooled prevalence rate of episiotomy in Ethiopian women was 42.75% (95% CI: 34.97%–50.54%). In the subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence rate of episiotomy was 61.45% (95% CI: 51.11%–71.80%) among primiparous women. Meanwhile, the pooled estimate appears to be approximately 30.47% (95% CI: 22.08%–38.85%) among multiparous women. Conclusion Our findings concluded that the pooled prevalence rate of episiotomy was higher than the evidence-based WHO recommendations for optimal patient care. Parallel to this, nulliparous women had a higher episiotomy rate than multiparous women. These findings highlight the importance of continued training for labor ward staff, particularly healthcare providers who often perform the majority of deliveries.
Effect of Mini-implant assisted Micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement—A randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) over a 56-day period and to determine the influence of number of perforations on the rate of canine retraction. In addition, the amount of pain and discomfort caused by the MOP was evaluated. TRIAL DESIGN: A single-center, split-mouth, triple-blind, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: 22 patients (18–30 years) who need fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to MOP1 and MOP2 groups. The recruited patients were divided into two groups with 1:1 allocation ratio. Randomization for the determination of experimental side and number of perforations was done using sealed envelopes. On each patient, the other side of mouth worked as control side with no MOPs. 4 months after first premolar extraction, patients in MOP1 received 3MOPs on the buccal surface of alveolar bone, whereas patients in MOP2 received three buccal and three palatal MOPs in the experimental side. The amount of canine retraction was measured every 28 days at two intervals on both sides of mouth. Pain perception was measured after 1 hr, 24 hr, 72 hr, 7 days, and 28 days of procedure. RESULTS: Result of the intra-examiner reliability using ICC is more than 0.97 (P < 0.001), indicating excellent repeatability and reliability of the measurements. The baseline characteristics between groups were similar (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in the rate of canine retraction on the MOP side was observed at the end of 56 days, amounting to two folds more than that of the control side. No significant difference was seen between MOP1 and MOP2 groups (P > 0.05). Mild-to-moderate pain was experienced only in first 72 hours of procedure. CONCLUSION: The study recommends that MOP procedure has substantial potential to be used as an adjunct to the routine mechanotherapy for accelerating tooth movement, as it may reduce treatment time by half in the first four weeks after the MOP procedure. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2022/12/048181).
NAVIGATING THE INNOVATION LANDSCAPE: THE CRUCIAL ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION

This study examines the impact of technology orientation on entrepreneurial orientation and its consequent effect on the innovation performance of Indonesian startups. In this study, 156 local startups were examined using the structural equation model (SEM). The results demonstrate a significant and positive relationship between innovation performance and both entrepreneurial and technology orientation. Notably, the technology orientation has a positive effect on the entrepreneurial orientation, which partially mediates the indirect relationship between the technology orientation and innovation performance. This study's integrated framework concept to enhance the innovation performance of startups in emerging economies is unprecedented. The findings also urge businesses to adopt proactive, inventive, and risk-taking practices to keep up with the rapid pace of technological advancements. Certain limitations of this study must be acknowledged, including the subjective evaluation of constructs by senior management and the deliberate selection of the sample. To advance this topic further, it is suggested that future research include objective data gathered through assessments by various stakeholders and investigate case studies of designated businesses.JEL: L25, l26, O32.
Brain plasticity following corpus callosum agenesis or loss: a review of the Probst bundles

The corpus callosum is the largest axonal tract in the human brain, connecting the left and right cortical hemipheres. This structure is affected in myriad human neurodevelopmental disorders, and can be entirely absent as a result of congenital or surgical causes. The age when callosal loss occurs, for example via surgical section in cases of refractory epilepsy, correlates with resulting brain morphology and neuropsychological outcomes, whereby an earlier loss generally produces relatively improved interhemispheric connectivity compared to a loss in adulthood (known as the “Sperry’s paradox”). However, the mechanisms behind these age-dependent differences remain unclear. Perhaps the best documented and most striking of the plastic changes that occur due to developmental, but not adult, callosal loss is the formation of large, bilateral, longitudinal ectopic tracts termed Probst bundles. Despite over 100 years of research into these ectopic tracts, which are the largest and best described stereotypical ectopic brain tracts in humans, much remains unclear about them. Here, we review the anatomy of the Probst bundles, along with evidence for their faciliatory or detrimental function, the required conditions for their formation, patterns of etiology, and mechanisms of development. We provide hypotheses for many of the remaining mysteries of the Probst bundles, including their possible relationship to preserved interhemispheric communication following corpus callosum absence. Future research into naturally occurring plastic tracts such as Probst bundles will help to inform the general rules governing axon plasticity and disorders of brain miswiring.
Correlational Study of Aminopeptidase Activities between Left or Right Frontal Cortex versus the Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Adrenal Axis of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with Hypotensive or Hypertensive Agents

It has been suggested that the neuro-visceral integration works asymmetrically and that this asymmetry is dynamic and modifiable by physio-pathological influences. Aminopeptidases of the renin–angiotensin system (angiotensinases) have been shown to be modifiable under such conditions. This article analyzes the interactions of these angiotensinases between the left or right frontal cortex (FC) and the same enzymes in the hypothalamus (HT), pituitary (PT), adrenal (AD) axis (HPA) in control spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), in SHR treated with a hypotensive agent in the form of captopril (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), and in SHR treated with a hypertensive agent in the form of the L-Arginine hypertensive analogue L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME). In the control SHR, there were significant negative correlations between the right FC with HPA and positive correlations between the left FC and HPA. In the captopril group, the predominance of negative correlations between the right FC and HPA and positive correlations between the HPA and left FC was maintained. In the L-NAME group, a radical change in all types of interactions was observed; particularly, there was an inversion in the predominance of negative correlations between the HPA and left FC. These results indicated a better balance of neuro-visceral interactions after captopril treatment and an increase in these interactions in the hypertensive animals, especially in those treated with L-NAME.
Credit Quality as a Moderating Effect of Capital Adequacy and Credit Distribution on the Profitability of Village Credit Institutions

Profitability is one measure of the achievements of Village Credit Institution (LPD) in managing them so that they can continue to grow and develop amidst increasingly fierce competition between financial institutions. Capital adequacy, loan disbursement, and quality of credit disbursed are several factors that affect LPD profitability. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with secondary data sources. The research population is all LPDs in Denpasar City totaling 35 units. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling so that 34 units of LPD were obtained as samples and 170 observational data. The research instrument uses documentation techniques or non-participant observation. Methods of data analysis using descriptive analysis and inferential analysis with moderation analysis for moderated regression analysis. The research results show that Capital Adequacy Ratio has a significant positive effect on Return on Asset. Loan to Deposit Ratio significant positive effect on Return on Asset. Credit quality is able to moderate (weaken) the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio to Return on Asset. Credit quality is not able to moderate the effect of Loan to Deposit Ratio to Return on. The implication of the research is that this research provides information for LPDs in Denpasar City regarding the influence Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio to Return on Asset which is moderated by credit quality so that LPD management in Denpasar City can determine future policy directions in order to increase the profitability and progress of LPDs in Denpasar City.
Using of long-term phenological observations of SHMI and NFC for validation of Regional Phenology Model for European beech

This study describes the methods and results of the validation of Regional Phenology Model based on NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite images for European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). The time series of phenological observation of regional phenological observation sites of SHMI (Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute) for years from 2000 to 2009 and permanent monitoring plots of NFC (National Forest Centre) for 2002 – 2009 was used to validate the date of start of five main spring and autumn phenological events. The most accurately were derived the phenological events the first leaves, full leafing and the beginning of colouring of leaves. The resulting duration of full foliage was derived with an average error of ± 4.2 days (r = 0.84). Date of onset of phenophases bud break and full colouring of leaves, determining the duration of the entire growing season, were derived with a systematic negative (budbreak), respectively. positive error (full colouring) which increases with increasing altitude. It resulted in an overestimate of the duration of the growing season by an average of 26 days. Possible causes of the differences in the timing of the individual phenophases and their duration are discussed in this paper.
The financial problems and academic performance among public university students in Malaysia

Financial play an important role in students’ academic performance. Financial problems are a serious issue that needs to be addressed as it leads to multiple stages of problems such as health issues and academic performance. Dang and Bulus (2015) education is a high-cost social service therefore insufficient financial support will be a problem for students to enhance themselves in academics thus leading to poor academic performance. This paper aims to identify the relationship between financial problems and academic performance faced by public university students in Malaysia. Self-administered surveys were used to gather data from a total of 120 respondents among public university students. Data collected were analysed using SPSS in order to obtain descriptive statistics. From the results, it is ascertained that there is a significant relationship between financial problems and academic performance of p = 0.014 < a 0.05 indicating that the students with financial problems affect their academic performance.