Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Racial/Ethnic Differences and Trends in Pathologic Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

Simple Summary Despite improving rates of pathologic complete response (pCR; the absence of invasive cancer at the time of surgery) among patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy prior to surgery, racial and ethnic minority groups were under-represented in clinical trials. Our study used a large cancer registry database in the United States to evaluate the temporal trend of pCR and patterns of pCR and survival outcomes among diverse racial and ethnic groups. It suggested that although pCR rates improved over time for all groups, pCR rates and survival outcomes varied significantly. For instance, compared to non-Hispanic White women, Black women were less likely to have pCR for triple negative and hormone receptor (HR)-negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive tumors, but more likely for HR-positive, HER2-negative tumors. Given such heterogeneous outcomes among various racial and ethnic minority groups, further investigations would be warranted to optimize outcomes among such underserved populations. Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate nationwide trends in pathologic complete response (pCR) and its racial variations for breast cancer. The National Cancer Database was queried for women from 2010 to 2017 with non-metastatic breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The primary endpoints, pCR and overall survival, were evaluated using Cochran-Armitage test, logistic, and Cox regression multivariable analyses. A total of 104,161 women were analyzed. Overall, pCR improved from 2010 to 2017 (15.1% to 27.2%, trend p < 0.001). Compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) women, Hispanic White (HW) women were more likely to have pCR for hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive tumors (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.53, p = 0.005). Black women were less likely to have pCR for HR-HER2+ tumors (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.73–0.89, p < 0.001) and triple negative (aOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.77–0.87, p < 0.001) tumors, but more likely for HR+HER2- tumors (aOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24, p = 0.009). Among patients who achieved pCR, Asian or Pacific Islander (API) women were associated with better survival (adjusted hazards ratio (aHR) 0.52, 95% CI 0.33–0.82, p = 0.005) than NHW women. Despite positive trends in pCR rates, the likelihood of pCR and survival outcomes may be intricately dependent on racial/ethnic groups and tumor receptor subtypes.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS AND TRANSPORT QUALITY IN THE UAE

To provide customers with services that meet their demands, Total Quality Management (TQM) has arisen as a management technique since 1980. Quality measurement instruments are to be implemented in the department of municipal affairs and transport in the UAE. TQM makes quality the driving force behind leadership, planning, and design, thus it requires the eight core aspects’ help. Thus, TQM would include leaders and managers based on quality excellence awards, performance, service delivery, and public trust. Quality improvement and measurement in public administration has led to the development and deployment of strategic models. Total quality management has its roots in manufacturing. The UAE economy’s demand for quality public services has made TQM and excellence awards important. Given that service organisations continue to confront harsh realities comparable to those encountered by industrial organisations, this is not surprising. This is the basic rationale for using service quality models. The stages in service quality management may improve service delivery efficiency and customer satisfaction, establishing the strategic framework for technology integration and innovation. The Department of Municipal Affairs and Transport has been compelled to offer value added service for customers and must exhibit a strong commitment to quality service in order to promote its commercial success. Article visualizations:
Overview of tRNA Modifications in Chloroplasts

The chloroplast is a promising platform for biotechnological innovation due to its compact translation machinery. Nucleotide modifications within a minimal set of tRNAs modulate codon–anticodon interactions that are crucial for translation efficiency. However, a comprehensive assessment of these modifications does not presently exist in chloroplasts. Here, we synthesize all available information concerning tRNA modifications in the chloroplast and assign translation efficiency for each modified anticodon–codon pair. In addition, we perform a bioinformatics analysis that links enzymes to tRNA modifications and aminoacylation in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This work provides the first comprehensive analysis of codon and anticodon interactions of chloroplasts and its implication for translation efficiency.
Incidental Focus-on-Form characteristics: Predicting learner uptake.Formulaic vs. non-formulaic forms

A substantial number of studies have investigated the efficacy of incidental focus on form (FonF) measured through (successful) uptake rate in teacher-learner interactions in communicative contexts and have established a link between learners’ (successful) uptake of linguistic forms and their second language learning. In this line of research, the analysis of uptake and FonF characteristics mediating learners’ (successful) uptake has been limited to linguistic forms of grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and spelling (non-formulaic forms). However, formulaic sequences, including idioms, collocations, lexical bundles, and compounds (formulaic forms), have received scant attention in FonF research. This study examined incidental FonF characteristics that best predicted learners’ (successful) uptake of formulaic forms and compared the findings with the variables that mediate the (successful) uptake of non-formulaic forms targeted in focus-on-form episodes (FFEs). To this end, 30 hours of audio-recorded teacher-learner interactions in primarily communicative activities from English as a foreign language classes were examined. The findings showed that learners’ attention was drawn to non-formulaic forms more frequently than formulaic forms in FFEs. Nonetheless, learners produced (successful) uptake more often when formulaic forms were targeted in FFEs than non-formulaic forms. Logistic regression analyses showed that FonF characteristics that predicted learners’ production of (successful) uptake were different for formulaic vs. non-formulaic forms targeted in FFEs.
Comparison between Deep Learning and Conventional Machine Learning in Classifying Iliofemoral Deep Venous Thrombosis upon CT Venography

In this study, we aimed to investigate quantitative differences in performance in terms of comparing the automated classification of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) using two categories of artificial intelligence algorithms: deep learning based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and conventional machine learning. We retrospectively enrolled 659 participants (DVT patients, 282; normal controls, 377) who were evaluated using contrast-enhanced lower extremity computed tomography (CT) venography. Conventional machine learning consists of logistic regression (LR), support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), and extreme gradient boosts (XGB). Deep learning based on CNN included the VGG16, VGG19, Resnet50, and Resnet152 models. According to the mean generated AUC values, we found that the CNN-based VGG16 model showed a 0.007 higher performance (0.982 ± 0.014) as compared with the XGB model (0.975 ± 0.010), which showed the highest performance among the conventional machine learning models. In the conventional machine learning-based classifications, we found that the radiomic features presenting a statistically significant effect were median values and skewness. We found that the VGG16 model within the deep learning algorithm distinguished deep vein thrombosis on CT images most accurately, with slightly higher AUC values as compared with the other AI algorithms used in this study. Our results guide research directions and medical practice.
Early intestinal microbial features are associated with CD4 T cell recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic transplant.

Low intestinal microbial diversity is associated with poor outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Using 16S rRNA sequencing of 2,067 stool samples and flow-cytometry data from 2,370 peripheral blood samples drawn from 894 allogeneic HCT patients, we have linked features of the early post-HCT microbiome with subsequent immune cell recovery. We examined lymphocyte recovery and microbiota features in recipients of both unmodified and CD34-selected allografts. We observed that fecal microbial diversity was an independent predictor of CD4 T cell count 3 months after HCT in recipients of a CD34-selected allograft, who are dependent on de novo lymphopoiesis for their immune recovery. In multivariate models using clinical factors and microbiota features, we consistently observed that increased fecal relative abundance of genus Staphylococcus during the early post-transplant period was associated with worse CD4 T cell recovery. Our observations suggest that the intestinal bacteria - or the factors they produce - can affect early lymphopoiesis and the homeostasis of allograft-derived T cells after transplantation.
Phytochemical Diversity and Antioxidant Potential of Natural Populations of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. throughout the Floristic Regions in Thailand

Asian lotus has long been consumed as a food and herbal drug that provides several health benefits. The number of studies on its biological activity is significant, but research at the population level to investigate the variation in phytochemicals and biological activity of each population which is useful for a more efficient phytopharmaceutical application strategy remains needed. This present study provided the frontier results to fill-in this necessary gap to investigating the phytopharmaceutical potential of perianth and stamen, which represent an important part for Asian traditional medicines, from 18 natural populations throughout Thailand by (1) determining their phytochemical profiles, such as total contents of phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin, and (2) determining the antioxidant activity of these natural populations using various antioxidant assays to examine different mechanisms. The result showed that Central is the most abundant floristic region. The stamen was higher in total phenolic and flavonoid contents, whereas perianth was higher in monomeric anthocyanin content. This study provided the first description of the significant correlation between phytochemical contents in perianth compared with stamen extracts, and indicated that flavonoids are the main phytochemical class. This analysis indicated that the stamen is a richer source of flavonoids than perianth, and provided the first report to quantify different flavonoids accumulated in stamen and perianth extracts under their native glycosidic forms at the population level. Various antioxidant assays revealed that major flavonoids from N. nucifera prefer the hydrogen atom transfer mechanism when quenching free radicals. The significant correlations between various phytochemical classes and the different antioxidant tests were noted by Pearson correlation coefficients and emphasized that the antioxidant capability of an extract is generally the result of complex phytochemical combinations as opposed to a single molecule. These current findings offer the alternative starting materials to assess the phytochemical diversity and antioxidant potential of N. nucifera for phytopharmaceutical sectors.
Mental Health Disorders and Suicidal Behaviors Among Provincial Correctional Workers

Drawing on self-reported mental health survey data among provincial correctional workers, we found over half of respondents screened positive for a mental health disorders, most often Major Depressive Disorder. We found an association between positive mental health screens and lifetime and past year suicidal behaviors. Objective We examined the prevalence ofmental health disorders and suicidal behaviors (ideation, planning, and attempts) among a sample of provincial correctional workers in Manitoba. Methods Self-reported mental health data from a survey on correctional worker mental health and well-being were analyzed for 491 correctional workers. Results Over half (57%) of respondents screened positive for mental health disorder, most commonly major depressive disorder, and over one-third of respondents (37%) screened positive for more than one disorder. Positive mental health screens for all mental health disorders were associated with statistically significantly increased odds of lifetime suicidal ideation, and positive screens for most disorders were associated with past year suicidal ideation. Conclusions Relative to other public safety personnel and the general public, correctional workers appear have a higher prevalence of mental health disorders and suicidal behaviors. The association between positive screens for mental health disorders and suicidal behaviors highlights the vulnerability of correctional workers in regards to mental well-being.
MicroRNA-539-5p-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Grafted with iRGD as a Targeting Treatment for Choroidal Neovascularization

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of visual impairment that results from excessive growth of blood vessels in the eye’s choroid. The limited clinical efficacy of the current therapy for this condition requires the emergence of new treatment modalities such as microRNA (miRNAs). A recent study identified microRNA-539-5p (miR-539) as an angiogenic suppressor in a CNV animal model; however, its therapeutic delivery is limited. Therefore, this study aims to formulate miR-539 in targeted nanoparticles (NPs) prepared from polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA). The NPs were decorated with internalizing arginylglycylaspartic (RGD) peptide (iRGD), which specifically targets the alpha-v-beta-3 (αvβ3) integrin receptor that is overexpressed in blood vessels of ocular tissue in CNV patients. The 1H NMR spectra results revealed successful conjugation of iRGD peptide into PLGA NPs. The miR-539-PLGA.NPs and miR-539-iRGD-PLGA.NPs were prepared and showed a particle size of 300 ± 3 and 306.40 ± 4 nm, respectively. A reduction in human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) viability was shown 48 and 72 h post transfection with miR-539 incorporated in PLGA NPs and iRGD-PLGA.NPs. iRGD-functionalized PLGA NPs caused further significant reduction in cell viability when compared with plain ones, revealing an enhancement in the NP uptake with iRGD-grafted NPs. The current study showed that miR-539-PLGA.NPs and miR-539-iRGD-PLGA.NPs are promising approaches that reduced the viability of HRMECs, suggesting their therapeutic potential in the treatment of CNV.
A “Hands-On” Approach to Raise Awareness of Technologies: A Pilot Class and its Lessons

Despite attempts to discourage the use of machine translation (MT), we have observed that students continue to rely on it. Are teachers powerless? We believe not! Consistent with a range of solutions proposed in previous publications, we hypothesized that a “hands-on” approach would be effective in helping students raise awareness of the benefits and limitations of machine translation. This approach strives to reframe machine translation from an object of interdiction to an object of critical reflection. Hence, we created, implemented, and evaluated a 50-minute online lesson during Fall 2020. Our aim was to guide students toward a critical awareness of various machine translation tools [Google Translate (GT), WordReference.com (WR), French dictionaries] by choosing carefully crafted machine translation examples and asking students to correct them in class (“post-editing”). We also tried to track any potential change in the students’ representations via a confidential pre-and a post-survey, and an audio-record of the interactions in class. One of our main results is that a majority of the students had already built complex representations and clever usages of machine translation before the class, much more than what we had expected. This allows us to reflect on what kind of impacts can or cannot be expected from such a class and to discuss the benefits and limits of such an approach to better integrate translation tools into second language teaching.
The research and application for spatial distribution of mines seismic monitoring stations

In order to increase the orientation precision,studied spatial distribution of monitoring stations and interrogated the theory through analysis the reason of causing orientation bias.Research indicates that the orientation error might be considered to consist of two components:random orientation scatters and systematic bias.For a given velocity model,random errors depend upon the accuracy of seismic wave arrivals determination and the geometry between the hypocenter and seismic stations.Through application of Muchengjian Coal Mine of Beijing Haohua Energy Resource Co.,Ltd.,practice prove that the method effectually increases precision of mines seismic monitoring.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Patients on Antibiotic Resistance and Use in Public Hospitals of Amhara Regional State, Northwestern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Although inappropriate antibiotic use could contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance, data on the knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic use and resistance among patients in north-western Ethiopia are scarce. This study assessed patients’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance in selected public hospitals of Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected public hospitals of Amhara regional state from November to December 2020 to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients on antibiotic resistance and use. Data were collected from 233 participants using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results According to the findings, 60.3% of the participants obtained their antibiotics without a prescription from private pharmacies, and the most commonly used antibiotic to treat human diseases was ampicillin (70.7%). Even though 69.8% of the patients heard about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance from several sources, 68.1–87.9% of them were unaware on the factors that contribute to the transmission of resistant bacteria to humans and the impact of antibiotic resistance on human and animal health. Using the mean score of 3.15 ± 0.08 as the cut-off, 37.5% of patients know about antimicrobial resistance and use. With a mean score of 27.6 ± 0.3, 45.3% of patients had positive attitudes toward prudent antibiotic use and resistance. About 44% of participants had a good practice, with a mean practice score of 4.95 ± 0.17. A higher level of education was associated with better knowledge, positive attitudes, and better practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance. Although 57.3% of respondents viewed poor handwashing practices in hospitals as a major factor contributing to increased antibiotic resistance, 59.9% of respondents viewed implementing hygiene, infection prevention, and control practices as a major strategy contributing to reducing antibiotic use and resistance. Conclusion According to the present study, there is a low level of awareness among patients about the proper antibiotics use and resistance. It is essential to raise awareness, develop, and implement interventions to reduce antimicrobial use and antibiotic resistance in the study area.
"Universal Design: Is it Accessible?"

Designing products and environments to be useable by the majority of people is the underpinning concept of universal design. In some aspects, however, universal design fails to meet some of its own principles. This has resulted in a lack of understanding of the concept, which in turn, has allowed the terms “accessibility” and “disability” to inhabit the language of universal design. This means universal design is now bounded by concepts of accessibility, regulations and disability rights, rather than the intellectual challenges inherent in designing for the whole of the population bell curve. The universal design movement recognises that making headway is proving difficult and is seeking ways to improve its position. Market research, however, indicates universal design is now branded as a disability product and this has implications for consumers, practitioners, and for the universal design movement in general. Discussed are the influence of terminology on the direction and perceptions of universal design, and the dilemmas of applying a regulatory framework as an implementation strategy.
A STUDY ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS SUCCESS: EXAMINING USER SATISFACTION OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the quality of information systems, information, and service influence on user satisfaction on accounting information systems. The study model used to examine the accounting information systems succession was the model modified from DeLone & McLean (2003) and the research developed by Gable, Sedera, & T (2008) The data was collected through questionnaires given to 84 respondents who were users of the accounting information system software (SIMDA/SIPKD) that worked as an analyst in city/regency governments all over West Java Province. The data was analyzed using a multiple regression analysis through the SPSS program. The results show that the variables' quality has a partially positive and significant influence on accounting information systems' user satisfaction. It implies that an increase in the quality of information systems, information, and services implemented will increase user satisfaction. The test results also reveal that the variables' quality positively and significantly affected the users' satisfaction with the accounting information system in city/regency governments throughout West Java Province.
Transgenerational Effects of Prenatal Endocrine Disruption on Reproductive and Sociosexual Behaviors in Sprague Dawley Male and Female Rats

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) lead to endocrine and neurobehavioral changes, particularly due to developmental exposures during gestation and early life. Moreover, intergenerational and transgenerational phenotypic changes may be induced by germline exposure (F2) and epigenetic germline transmission (F3) generation, respectively. Here, we assessed reproductive and sociosexual behavioral outcomes of prenatal Aroclor 1221 (A1221), a lightly chlorinated mix of PCBs known to have weakly estrogenic mechanisms of action; estradiol benzoate (EB), a positive control; or vehicle (3% DMSO in sesame oil) in F1-, F2-, and F3-generation male and female rats. Treatment with EDCs was given on embryonic day (E) 16 and 18, and F1 offspring monitored for development and adult behavior. F2 offspring were generated by breeding with untreated rats, phenotyping of F2s was performed in adulthood, and the F3 generation were similarly produced and phenotyped. Although no effects of treatment were found on F1 or F3 development and physiology, in the F2 generation, body weight in males and uterine weight in females were increased by A1221. Mating behavior results in F1 and F2 generations showed that F1 A1221 females had a longer latency to lordosis. In males, the F2 generation showed decreased mount frequency in the EB group. In the F3 generation, numbers of ultrasonic vocalizations were decreased by EB in males, and by EB and A1221 when the sexes were combined. Finally, partner preference tests in the F3 generation revealed that naïve females preferred F3-EB over untreated males, and that naïve males preferred untreated over F3-EB or F3-A1221 males. As a whole, these results show that each generation has a unique, sex-specific behavioral phenotype due to direct or ancestral EDC exposure.