Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 2,4-D–based Herbicide Mixtures for Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

Abstract Understanding control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth with multiple herbicide sites of action, including synthetic auxins, is crucial for growers to minimize GR Palmer amaranth interference with crops. Field studies in 2013 and 2014 and a greenhouse study in 2014 were conducted in Stoneville, MS, to evaluate POST control of GR Palmer amaranth with 2,4-D alone and in mixtures with glyphosate and/or glufosinate. In the greenhouse study, control of 5- and 10-cm GR Palmer amaranth was 87% with 2,4-D at 0.84 kg ae ha –1. Dry weight reduction of GR Palmer amaranth was ≥81% with 2,4-D at 0.84 kg ha –1. In field studies, mixtures of glufosinate at 0.59 kg ai ha –1 and 2,4-D at 0.56 or 1.12 kg ae ha –1 controlled 5- to 10-cm GR Palmer amaranth 87% at 28 d after treatment (DAT). Averaged across glyphosate treatments, glufosinate applied alone applied to 5- to 10-cm GR Palmer amaranth reduced dry weight at 28 DAT to 20 g m – 2 from 82 g m – 2 and was comparable with that following 2,4-D applied alone at 1.12 kg ae ha –1 and mixtures of glufosinate plus 2,4-D at 0.56 and 1.12 kg ae ha –1. Mixtures of 2,4-D plus glufosinate provided ≥92% control of 15- to 20-cm GR Palmer amaranth at 28 DAT. When applied to 15- to 20-cm plants, mixtures of 2,4-D plus glufosinate reduced GR Palmer amaranth density to ≤5 plants m – 2 compared with 65 plants m – 2Â where no 2,4-D or glufosinate was applied. Glufosinate and 2,4-D are viable control options for 5- to 10-cm or 15- to 20-cm GR Palmer amaranth. However, 2,4-D did not improve GR Palmer amaranth control when added to any herbicide mixture except glyphosate and glufosinate applied to 15- to 20-cm plants at the 28 DAT evaluation. Nomenclature: 2,4-D; glyphosate; glufosinate; Palmer amaranth Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Watson AMAPA
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Evaluation of the Essential Oil of Croatian Salvia brachyodon Vandas

Backgraund: This study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and the antimicrobial potential of the essential oil of Salvia brachyodon Vandas growing wild in Croatia. Short tooth sage (S. brachyodon Vandas),an endemic species that grows in the south east areas of the Adriatic coast in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro. It is a perennial plant that grows up to 70-80 cm in height and flowers from July to September. Methodology: The phytochemical components of the essential oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against a panel of representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. The antimicrobial activities of the oil against pathogenic microorganisms were determined by using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Results: From the thirty-eight identified constituents representing 95.7% of the oil, 1,8-cineole (16.7%), β-pinene (19.7%) and α-pinene (7.6%), were the major components. The levels of oxygenated monoterpenes such as camphor (5.6%), borneol (4.2%), myrtenol (2.4 %) and terpinen-4-ol were significant. Other important compounds were sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons βcaryophyllene (6.6%), α-humulene (4.9%), viridiflorol (3.0%), spathulenol (2.9%) and Original Research Article Skočibušić and Lacić; EJMP, 25(4): 1-11, 2018; Article no.EJMP. 44821 2 aromadendrene. Preliminary antimicrobial screening revealed that the oil exhibited a very interesting antimicrobial profile. The oil exhibited moderate in vitro antibacterial activity after it was tested against twenty pathogenic bacteria and fungal strains, but high antimicrobial activity observed against medically important pathogens such as E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida albicans. Conclusion: Results presented here may suggest that the essential oil of S. brachyodon possess antimicrobial properties, and is, therefore, a potential source of antimicrobial ingredient in food and pharmaceutical industry. The obtained results are preliminary and a further research is needed in order to obtain information regarding the practical effectiveness of essential oil to prevent the growth of foodborne and spoilage microbes under specific application conditions.
Dissolution of Feldspars in Oxalic Acid Solutions

The rates of plagioclase feldspar and quartz dissolution in solutions of oxalic acid exceed those determined in inorganic solutions at the same pH. The effect of oxalic acid is not strictly additive to the rates in inorganic solution. A better empirical description of the dissolution process requires 6 terms, 3 each for Si and Al release. These terms describe proton-promoted dissolution, ligand-promoted dissolution, and a mixed proton/ligand interaction. The proton/ligand synergy is consistent with a mechanism in which HOx{sup -} (HOOCCOO{sup -}) is the species which attacks the mineral surface.
The strong 3-rainbow index of edge-amalgamation of some graphs

Let G be a nontrivial, connected, and edge-colored graph of order n ≥ 3, where adjacent edges may be colored the same. Let k be an integer with 2 ≤ k ≤ n. A tree T in G is a rainbow tree if no two edges of T are colored the same. For S ⊆ V G , the Steiner distance d S of S is the minimum size of a tree in G containing S . An edge-coloring of G is called a strong k -rainbow coloring if for every set S of k vertices of G there exists a rainbow tree of size d S in G containing S . The minimum number of colors needed in a strong k -rainbow coloring of G is called the strong k -rainbow index srxk G of G. In this paper, we study the strong 3-rainbow index of edge-amalgamation of graphs. We provide a sharp upper bound for the srx3 of edge-amalgamation of graphs. We also determine the srx3 of edge-amalgamation of some graphs.
Intra-species diversity ensures the maintenance of functional microbial communities under changing environmental conditions

Intra-species diversity comprises different ecotypes within the same species. These are assumed to provide stability in time and space to those species. However, the role that microdiversity plays in the stability of whole microbial communities remains underexplored. Understanding the drivers of microbial community stability is necessary to predict community response to future disturbances. Here, we analyzed 16S rRNA gene amplicons from eight different temperate bog lakes at OTU-97% and amplicon sequence variant (ASV) levels, and we found ecotypes within the same species with different distribution patterns in space and time. We observed that these ecotypes are adapted to different values of environmental factors such as water temperature and oxygen concentration. Our results showed that the existence of several ASVs within a species favored its persistence across changing environmental conditions. We propose that microdiversity aids the stability of microbial communities in the face of fluctuations in environmental factors.
A new species of Pharmacis Hübner, 1820 from Spain with a brief review of the genera Pharmacis and Korscheltellus Börner, 1920 (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae)

We here describe a new ghost moth (Hepialidae) species, Pharmaciscantabricussp. n. from the Picos de Europa National Park, Cantabria, in northern Spain. The new species belongs to a group of mostly day-flying species that are restricted to the European Alps and some mountain ranges of southern Europe. Based on morphology and analysis of mitochondrial COI gene sequences, the new species is closely related to Pharmacisaemilianus (Constantini, 1911), an endemic of the Italian Apennines. However, Pharmaciscantabricussp. n. can easily be distinguished from all related species based on both external and genitalic characters. We briefly review and illustrate all species of the genus Pharmacis Hübner, 1820 and discuss its relationship with the related genus Korscheltellus Börner, 1920. We reinstate Hepialuscastillanus Oberthür, 1883 as a distinct species and transfer it to Korscheltellus (stat. rev., comb. n.).
Effects of Biofertilizer Produced from Bradyrhizobium and Streptomyces griseoflavus on Plant Growth, Nodulation, Nitrogen Fixation, Nutrient Uptake, and Seed Yield of Mung Bean, Cowpea, and Soybean

The use of biofertilizers is important for sustainable agriculture, and the use of nodule bacteria and endophytic actinomycetes is an attractive way to enhance plant growth and yield. This study tested the effects of a biofertilizer produced from Bradyrhizobium strains and Streptomyces griseoflavus on leguminous, cereal, and vegetable crops. Nitrogen fixation was measured using the acetylene reduction assay. Under N-limited or N-supplemented conditions, the biofertilizer significantly promoted the shoot and root growth of mung bean, cowpea, and soybean compared with the control. Therefore, the biofertilizer used in this study was effective in mung bean, cowpea, and soybean regardless of N application. In this study, significant increments in plant growth, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) uptake, and seed yield were found in mung beans and soybeans. Therefore, Bradyrhizobium japonicum SAY3-7 plus Bradyrhizobium elkanii BLY3-8 and Streptomyces griseoflavus are effective bacteria that can be used together as biofertilizer for the production of economically important leguminous crops, especially soybean and mung bean. The biofertilizer produced from Bradyrhizobium and S. griseoflavus P4 will be useful for both soybean and mung bean production.
Osteopontin expression and its relationship with prognostic biomarkers in canine mammary carcinomas

ABSTRACT: Osteopontin is a glycophosphoprotein implicated in different physiologic and pathologic processes and is known to be involved in progression and metastasis of various cancers in humans, but this relation is still little explored in the veterinary. The aim was to evaluate the expression of osteopontin in canine mammary carcinomas and its relation with well-established canine mammary tumor biomarkers. For that, expression of OPN, EGFR, HER2, and c-Kit were evaluated along with Ki67 rate in 43 mammary carcinomas. Osteopontin was demonstrated to be expressed by neoplastic epithelial cells in all carcinomas as well as in stromal cells from the tumor microenvironment. Relation between high osteopontin expression and EGFR positivity (P<0.001) and HER2 overexpression (P=0.012) was demonstrated. In conclusion, high OPN expression seems to be related to poor prognosis and MAPK pathway activation, given the association with EGFR and HER2, members of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Tattooed and Non-Tattooed Women: Motivation, Social Practices and Risk Behavior

Abstract This study aimed at identifying motivations, risk behavior and social practices, comparing tattooed and non-tattooed women. 316 women (50% tattooed) were surveyed online, answering questions on sociodemographic data, social practices, motivations, and risk behavior. Data collection strategies included snow-balling, social networks, personal contact, and visits to tattoo parlors. The main results indicate that the majority of women express satisfaction with their physical appearance after getting tattooed, and wouldn’t get the tattoo removed. Being tattooed correlated with risk behaviors such as casual sex with unknown people, alcohol and drug use, and psychopathology. The sample presented more similarities than differences between tattooed and non-tattooed groups, suggesting that growing popularization and social acceptance of tattooing has led to a decrease of the differences between the groups. Such results may inform future research and the production of informative materials aimed at demystifying negative stereotypes associated to tattoos.
Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Exposure Differentially Alters Microglial Morphology in the Prelimbic Cortex and Nucleus Accumbens Core

Chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure in rats induces neuroplastic adaptations in the prelimbic cortex (PL) and nucleus accumbens core (NAcore) during withdrawal, contributing to deficits in decision-making and escalation of alcohol consumption. Increased evidence has linked neuroplastic changes associated with the development of alcohol dependence and withdrawal to neuroimmune signaling and activation of microglia. Microglia exhibit a well-defined structure/function relationship, with alterations in cytokine release occurring concomitantly with reconfiguration of cellular dimensions and redistribution of fine processes. Accordingly, gaining a better understanding of ethanol-induced microglia activation will provide insight into how neuroimmune signaling may impact neural structure and function following ethanol exposure. The present study characterized CIE-induced alterations in microglia morphology in the PL and NAcore using confocal microscopy and 3D image reconstruction. Rats were sacrificed at peak withdrawal, 10 hours after discontinuation of 15 days of CIE or Air exposure. CIE-exposed rats exhibited an increase in microglia soma size in the PL and NAcore compared to Air-exposed control rats. However, the CIE-mediated increase in soma volume in the PL cortex was accompanied by a reduction in microglial complexity. While systemic LPS elicited similar increases in soma volume in the PL cortex and NAcore, the LPS-induced increase in soma size was associated with increased complexity of microglial processes in the PL cortex, an effect opposite to that of CIE. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the microglial activation state following CIE is structurally and chemically distinct from the activation state associated with induction of the innate neuroimmune system following systemic LPS exposure.
How, If at All, Does Industry Experience Influence How Faculty Teach Cognitive, Inter-, and Intrapersonal Skills in the College Classroom? WCER Working Paper No. 2020-2.

Competencies known variously as “soft” or “21st century skills” are increasingly linked to college students’ academic and career success, and faculty with industry experience are hypothesized to be uniquely qualified to teach these skills. Yet little research exists on this topic. In this paper, we report findings from a mixed-methods study of the degree to which industry experience influences how faculty in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine teach teamwork, oral and written communication, problem-solving, and self-directed learning skills in 2and 4-year postsecondary institutions. Using inductive thematic and hierarchical linear modeling techniques to analyze survey (n=1,140) and interview (n=89) data, we find that faculty place relatively low emphasis on these skills, but that industry experience is significantly associated with teaching oral communication, teamwork, and problem-solving skills. Other factors, including race and perceptions of departmental teaching norms, also influenced skills-focused instruction. Industry experience also informed problem-based learning activities, knowledge of desired workplace skills, and a focus on divergent thinking. Given that industry experience is an important, but not the only influence on skills-focused instruction, policies aimed solely at hiring faculty with industry experience will be of limited utility without a corresponding focus on training in teaching and instructional design. How, If at All, Does Industry Experience Influence how Faculty Teach Cognitive, Inter-, and Intrapersonal Skills in the College Classroom? Matthew T. Hora and Changhee Lee
Journal of Turkish Science Education/2014, 11(1),3-23

This research was a two-year developmental research that has resulted in validated teaching materials. The second-year of the research purposed to develop instructional evaluation materials, which can help to improve the quality of student learning outcomes. The teaching materials were used for elementary school student teachers at Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia. Content validity of the developed materials was further assessed and ensured by an expert. These materials were contextually implemented in their classes to measure their effectiveness levels. Through a quasi-experimental research methodology, one control group and one experimental group were selected for the sample of the study. Data revealed an increase in the experimental group’s learning outcomes of evaluation subjects as compared with the control group. This showed the effectiveness of instructional evaluation materials. The results of paired-samples t test (t-count value = 3.457 and t-tab =1.980) rejected Ho. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups’ mean scores of posttest. The current study concludes that the teaching materials have resulted in more effective results.
BOOK REVIEW Make Learning Personal: The What, Who, Wow, Where, And Why

This book is indeed insightful and a challenge to many people who might be complacent in their usual ways of managing teaching and learning. Old habits die hard. For sure, it sounds personal as the title suggests. It resonates with everyone—you and I; it draws us closer to the heart of the matter, that is, managing how we teach, managing learning, and that matters greatly if we consider the learners’ perspectives. Barbara Bray and Kathleen McClaskey argue that we should change our “perceptions about learning and realize [that] every child is a learner” (p. xxiii). The idea is, if you are a learner, you ought to be thinking seriously about learning as something you are responsible for, making it your own, if you will. If you are a teacher, you ought to be shifting your paradigm by now; make teaching less centered on you but more on the actual person who is receiving what you teach, the learner. Know your learner, understand what they want and what they think would work for them. The point to drive home is learner-centeredness tends to be the buzz word for the twenty-first century classroom.
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI POLAGAN 4 SAMPANG

ABSTRAK Kemampuan membaca pemahaman merupakan bekal dan kunci keberhasilan siswa dalam menjalani proses pendidikan. Oleh karena itu, kemampuan membaca dan kemampuan memahami bacaan menjadi bagian penting dalam penguasaan dan peningkatan ilmu pengetahuan siswa. Kemampuan siswa SDN Polagan 4 Sampang dalam membaca pemahaman soal cerita kurang begitu baik sehingga hal itu akan mempengaruhi prestasi belajar mereka pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, khususnya membaca pemahaman. Berdasarkan latar belakang diatas, peneliti bermaksud ingin mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh kemampuan membaca pemahaman terhadap prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh kemampuan membaca pemahaman terhadap prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V SD Negeri Polagan 4 Sampang Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif, sedangkan metode yang digunakan adalah metode statistik dengan korelasi Product Moment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SD Negeri Polagan 4 Sampang yang berjumlah 11 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan tes subjektif dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa r hitung = 0,86 lebih besar daripada r tabel product moment pada taraf signifikansi 5% = 0,602 dan 1% = 0,735 sehingga ada pengaruh kemampuan membaca pemahaman terhadap prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V SD Negeri Polagan 4 Sampang.
The General Factor of Psychopathology in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study: A Comparison of Alternative Modeling Approaches

Many models of psychopathology include a single general factor of psychopathology (GFP) or “p factor” to account for covariation across symptoms. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study provides a rich opportunity to study the development of the GFP. However, a variety of approaches for modeling the GFP have emerged, raising questions about how modeling choices affect estimated GFP scores. We used the ABCD baseline assessment (ages 9–10 years old; N = 11,875) of the parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to examine the implications of modeling the GFP using items versus scales, using a priori CBCL scales versus data-driven dimensions, and using bifactor, higher order, or single-factor models. Children’s rank-ordering on the GFP was stable across models, and GFP scores were similarly related to criterion variables. Results suggest that although theoretical debates about modeling the GFP continue, the practical implications of these choices for rank-ordering children and assessing external associations will often be modest.
Influence Of Auditor Switching, Audit Fee, Tenure Audit and Company Size To Audit Quality

Audit quality is a function of the auditor's independence and competence of the company's management in examining and providing opinions on the company's financial statements so that the auditor can report violations in a financial statement. This study aims to determine the effect of auditor switching, audit fees, audit tenure and company size on audit quality in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2018 This research is an Ex-Post Facto research with data collection methods using secondary data. The population in this study are food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used was purposive. The sample of companies amounted to 12 companies. Data analysis techniques in this study used a logistic regression test. The results shows: (1) Auditor switching has no effect on audit quality, with the significance value of 0.177> 0.05 (2) Audit fee has no effect on audit quality with a significance value of 0.046 <0.05 (3) audit tenure has no effect on audit quality with a significance value of 0.229> 0.045 (4) Firm size has no effect on audit quality with a significance value of F of 0.031 <0.05
THE INFLUENCE OF SALES PROMOTION AND STORE ATMOSPHERE TOWARDS IMPULSE BUYING ON INTERNATIONAL RETAIL FASHION STORE (A Study On ZARA Indonesia)

Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari promosi penjualan dan atmosfer toko terhadap perilaku pembelian impulse pada toko fashion ritel ZARA Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah explanatory research yang menjelaskan hubungan dan pengaruh antara satu variable dengan variable lainnya melalui pengujian hipotesis. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 100 responden dimana penyebaran kuesioner dilaksanakan secara online. Sampel terdiri dari responden yang sudah pernah melakukan pembelian secara tidak terencana pada ZARA. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Analasis Regresi Linier Berganda dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t yang diolah dengan software SPSS ver. 20. Dari hasil pengujian terhadap keempat hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa variable promosi penjualan, interior toko, tata letak toko, dan tampilan toko memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pembelian secara impulsif konsumen pada toko fashion ritel ZARA Indonesia. Impilkasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya meningkatkan promosi penjualan dan inovasi terhadap tampilan toko dan desain terhadap perilaku pembelian impulsif konsumen pada toko ZARA Indonesia. Hal ini dapat dilakukan antara lain dengan cara memberikan menawaran promo dengan menggunakan alat promosi lainya yaitu kupon atau bekerja sama dengan layanan kartu kredit untuk dapat meningkatkan pembelian impulsif konsumen pada toko ZARA Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Promosi Penjualan, Suasana Toko, Interior Toko, Tata Letak Toko, Tampilan Toko, Pembelian Impulsif