Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Relationship between Quality Control Techniques and Product Quality in Selected Manufacturing Firms in South East Nigeria

DOI: 10.21276/sjebm.2018. 5.7. 9 Abstract: This study an evaluation of the relationship between quality control techniques and product quality in selected manufacturing firms in south east Nigeria. The study specifically aimed to assess the effect of follow-up technique on production control and ascertain relationship between quality control technique and process designing. The descriptive survey research design was used in this study. The total population used for this study is two hundred and eighty five (9,285) personnel, but utilized a total sample size of five hundred and sixty four (564) which constitute the actual number of staff that issued questionnaire. Data collected were presented in tables and the statistical tools used for data analysis is the pearson correlation, with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The result of the study revealed that follow-up techniques had a positive effect on production control and that quality control technique has a significant positive effect on process designing. The research recommended that follow-up technique has to be maintain to facilitate the utilization of best practices, and that total quality management (TQM) being the management focus on the knowing the needs and wants of customers and on being capable of fulfilling those needs and wants must be taken as responsibility of top executives in all aspect of the overall management function that determines and implements the quality policy.
Learning Human Objectives by Evaluating Hypothetical Behavior

In 2D navigation (Figure 2), the demonstrations contain mostly neutral states en route to the goal, and a few good states at the goal. If we were to train on only the demonstrations, the reward model would be unaware of the trap. Initially, the queries, which we restrict to just one state transition from the initial state s0 to a synthesized next state s1, are relatively uniform. The first reward-maximizing queries are in the upper right corner, which makes sense: the demonstrations contain neutral states in the lower left, and good states farther up and to the right inside the goal region, so the reward model extrapolates that continuing up and to the right, past the goal region, is good behavior. The reward model, at this stage, is susceptible to reward hacking – a problem that gets addressed when the user labels the reward-maximizing queries in the upper right corner as neutral.
Child-directed speech: the impact of variations in speaking rate on word learning

This study investigated how caregivers modulate their speaking rate according to children’s lexical knowledge and the context of the interaction, and how such adjustments affect children’s word learning. We studied a seminaturalistic corpus where caregivers talked about different toys with their 3-4 years old children. The toys were known or unknown to the child, and present or absent from the environment. We found that caregivers talked about unknown toys with a slower speaking rate than known ones. When toys were absent, caregivers also tended to slow down for the toy’s name, although they produced the whole utterance faster. Crucially, the results of a subsequent recognition task for children showed that caregivers’ greater adjustment in speaking rate between known and unknown words predicted better immediate learning. Our findings suggest that caregivers modify their speaking rate in a helpful manner when the situation is more demanding, which assists children in word learning.
The Effect of Access Cavity Design on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated First Molars: In Vitro Study

DOI: 10.21276/sjds.2018. 5.9. 8 Abstract: The aim was to evaluate in vitro the fracture strength of conservative versus traditional access cavity design in molar teeth. The null hypothesis tested was that there is no difference in fracture strength of sound molars, molars with conservative and those with traditional access cavities design. Sample size for maxillary and mandibular molars was calculated using Gpower software. Forty two extracted human intact maxillary and mandibular molars were assigned to Traditional Access Cavity (TAC), Conservative Access Cavity (CAC) and Sound Control groups (SC) (n = 7/group/type). TAC groups were prepared with pulp chamber de-roofing and straight line access. For CAC a soffit and pericervical-dentine were maintained. Working length was determined and canals were left un-obturated and mounted in self-cured acrylic resin molds of PVC for testing. Specimens were then tested with a compression testing machine and fracture force data were recorded in Newton for analysis. Data were normally distributed; therefore Oneway ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests were used for analysis. The software R & R Studio were used for statistical analysis. Results showed the fracture load for CAC was significantly higher in mandibular molars (P Value = 0.0367250) compared to TAC groups. For maxillary molars fracture load for CAC was not significantly higher (P Value = 0.0951567) compared to TAC group. We concluded that Mandibular molars after preservation of pericervical dentine and soffit were found to have higher fracture strength compared to teeth with traditional straight line access.
Polymorphism of Pramenka sheep hemoglobin in Central Bosnia

The study of the hemoglobin polymorphism was performed on blood samples, taken from areas inhabited by Pramenka sheep in Central Bosnia: the area of the mountain Vlasic, the upper flow of the river Vrbas and Kupres plateau. Dupska pramenka sheep inhabits the mountain Vlasic and the areas of surrounding municipalities. Privorska pramenka sheep inhabits the area around the upper flow of the river Vrbas and the mountain Vranica and Kupreska pramenka sheep inhabits Kupres plateau. HbA gene frequency was 0.31 and HbB gene frequency was 0.69 for Dupska pramenka sheep. Privorska pramenka sheep had a frequency of 0.33 for the HbA gene, and 0.67 for the HbB gene, in its population. Kupreska pramenka sheep had the lowest frequency of the HbA gene, (0.30), and therefore the maximum frequency of the HbB gene. Hemoglobin genotype frequencies for all investigated types of Pramenka sheep breed are in equilibrium. Investigated types of Pramenka sheep breed inhabit areas adjacent to each other. They are phenotypically quite similar and have a similar frequency of genotype polymorphism of hemoglobin. The difference between them is not statistically significant.
HISTOPATHOLOGIC CHANGES INDUCED BY TOPICAL MITOMYCIN-C IN RABBIT CORNEAS

Purpose: To evaluate histopathological changes induced by 0.02% mitomycin-C (MMC) in rabbits corneas. Methods: This study was performed on 48 corneas of 24 rabbits (Dutch type, Albino). Under general anesthesia, lamellar keratectomy was performed and either MMC 0.02 % (MMC group) or balanced salt solution (control group) was applied to the stromal bed for one minute. Sixty days later, light microscopic examination was performed on corneal buttons after authentication, corneal tissue fixation and staining with Hematoxylin-Eosin, periodic acid Schiff and Congo red as needed. Results: One of the MMC cases showed decreased keratocyte count. Other findings such as interface scaring, keloid formation, stromal interface vascularization, stromal and flap edema, epithelial hyperplasia over the incision and flap occurred with the same frequency in MMC and control groups. Stromal scaring was less in the MMC group (zero vs two). There was faint eosinophilic staining in the interface in two and epithelial thinning over the flap in eyes of the control group. The endothelium was normal in all samples. Conclusions: Application of MMC 0.02% to the stromal interface in rabbit corneas led to decreased stromal keratocyte count and fibrosis but apparently had no adverse effect on interface healing, epithelial cell regeneration and the endothelium.
Air mass physiochemical characteristics over New Delhi: impacts on aerosol hygroscopicity and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) formation

Abstract. Delhi is a megacity subject to high local anthropogenic emissions and long-range transport of pollutants. This work presents for the first time time-resolved estimates of hygroscopicity parameter ( κ ) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), spanning for more than a year, derived from chemical composition and size distribution data. As a part of the Delhi Aerosol Supersite (DAS) campaign, the characterization of aerosol composition and size distribution was conducted from January 2017 to March 2018. Air masses originating from the Arabian Sea (AS), Bay of Bengal (BB), and southern Asia (SA) exhibited distinct characteristics of time-resolved sub-micron non-refractory PM 1 (NRPM 1 ) species, size distributions, and CCN number concentrations. The SA air mass had the highest NRPM 1 loading with high chloride and organics, followed by the BB air mass, which was more contaminated than AS, with a higher organic fraction and nitrate. The primary sources were identified as biomass-burning, thermal power plant emissions, industrial emissions, and vehicular emissions. The average hygroscopicity parameter ( κ ), calculated by the mixing rule, was approximately 0.3 (varying between 0.13 and 0.77) for all the air masses ( 0.32±0.06 for AS, 0.31±0.06 for BB, and 0.32±0.10 for SA). The diurnal variations in κ were impacted by the chemical properties and thus source activities. The total, Aitken, and accumulation mode number concentrations were higher for SA, followed by BB and AS. The mean values of estimated CCN number concentration ( NCCN ; 3669–28926 cm −3 ) and the activated fraction ( af ; 0.19–0.87), for supersaturations varying from 0.1 % to 0.8 %, also showed the same trend, implying that these were highest in SA, followed by those in BB and then those in AS. The size turned out to be more important than chemical composition directly, and the NCCN was governed by either the Aitken or accumulation modes, depending upon the supersaturation (SS) and critical diameter ( Dc ). af was governed mainly by the geometric mean diameter (GMD), and such a high af ( 0.71±0.14 for the most dominant sub-branch of the SA air mass – R1 – at 0.4 % SS) has not been seen anywhere in the world for a continental site. The high af was a consequence of very low Dc (25–130 nm, for SS ranging from 0.1 % to 0.8 %) observed for Delhi. Indirectly, the chemical properties also impacted CCN and af by impacting the diurnal patterns of Aitken and accumulation modes, κ and Dc . The high-hygroscopic nature of aerosols, high NCCN , and high af can severely impact the precipitation patterns of the Indian monsoon in Delhi, impact the radiation budget, and have indirect effects and need to be investigated to quantify this impact.
Foliar Applications of Zinc and Boron on Fruit Set and Some Fruit Quality of Olive

Foliar Applications of Zinc and Boron on Fruit Set and Some Fruit Quality of Olive The impact of foliar application of zinc and boron solutions on fruit set percentage, fruit physical properties and intake rate of the elements by leaf and fruit of three olive cultivars (‘Keylet’, ‘Coronaiki’ and ‘Mission’) were assessed. The spraying carried out twice at full bloom and 15 days later with zinc sulphate (2.5 kgm-3), boric acid (2.5 kgm-3) and the combination of these chemicals. The result indicated that the boric acid spray increased the initial fruit set (76.9%) while spraying with zinc sulphate + boric acid caused significant increase of final fruit set and number of fruit during the harvest (8.2% and 8%, respectively). The highest fruit length (2.08×10-2 m) was resulted from zinc sulphate application. No significant difference was observed between treatments on the fruit and pit length/diameter, length, diameter and weight of pit. Nutrient solution spraying significantly increased B and Zn concentration in leaf and fruit.
Effects of Human Resource Management Practices on Environmental Performance in Libya: The Mediating Role of Organizational Culture

The purpose of this paper was to identify the effect of HRM practices on the environmental performance and to test the mediating effect of organizational culture between HRM practices and environmental performance. Data were collected from manufacturing companies in Tripoli, Libya. A total of 309 employees have participated in this study. The preliminary analysis was conducted to prepare the data for further analysis. SPSS as well as AMOS were used to derive the findings of this study. The findings indicated that the effect of HRM practices on environmental performance is highly significant. The study also found that training, learning, and compensation are the most important variables in HRM practice. The effect of recruitment was found not significant. The study also found that the HRM practices has a significant effect on organizational culture. In addition, organizational culture has a significant effect on the environmental performance. Organizational culture also played a partial mediating role between HRM practices and the environmental performance.
Principles of Management: Their Relevance and Applicability in the Management of Current and Future Organisations

DOI: 10.21276/sjebm.2018. 5.9. 1 Abstract: The article reviewed Henri Fayol‟s 14 principles of management namely division of work, authority and responsibility, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interest to general interest, remuneration of personnel, centralisation, scalar chain, order, equity, stability of tenure of personnel, initiative and esprit de corps. The article presented the importance of the principles of management. It was highlighted that the principles of management have distinctive features or characteristics which a manager should take note of when applying the principles in a variety of situations. It was clear that most of the principles of management are relevant today and in future organisations. Although the principles of management may need adaptation in certain situations they remain the foundation of management theory and practice.
Recovery of the crucian carp
 
 Carassius carassius
 
 (L.): Approach and early results of an English conservation project

Pond Restoration Research Group, Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK Fisheries Technical Services, Environment Agency, Brampton, UK Faculty of Fisheries, Mu gla Sıtkı Koçman University, Menteşe, Mu gla, Turkey Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland Consulting Groundwater Scientist, Norwich, UK Department of Geography, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK Salmon & Freshwater Team, Cefas, Lowestoft, UK Centre for Ecology, Environment and Sustainability Science, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
Systematic review of melatonin treatment in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and sleep impairment

Sleep disturbances in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities are common and frequently difficult to treat with conventional pharmacological and behavioural methods. Melatonin is a pineal hormone known to be important in the regulation of the circadian rhythm, including the sleep–wake cycle. This systematic review of available evidence from randomized clinical trials assesses whether melatonin plays a beneficial role in these children and, in particular, its effect on total sleep time, time to sleep onset (sleep latency), and number of awakenings. We also looked at a parental view of the effect. Randomized clinical trials were identified where oral melatonin was compared with a placebo in children with any type of neurodevelopmental disability and associated sleep disturbance. Only three studies, reporting a total of 35 children, fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. The two studies that reported time to sleep onset showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in this specific outcome where melatonin was compared with a placebo. There was no significant effect of melatonin compared with a placebo on the other outcome measures of total sleep time, night‐time awakenings, and parental opinions. Despite the extremely limited randomized clinical trial data, melatonin appears to remain a commonly prescribed drug for disturbed sleep in children with neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
Vertebral artery fibromuscular dysplasia: an unusual cause of stroke in a 3‐year‐old child

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a systemic arteriopathy which tends to affect renal arteries followed by cervicocranial vessels. It can lead to cerebral infarction if cephalic arteries are involved. FMD is an unusual cause of stroke in childhood that generally affects the carotid area. Only four cases of vertebral FMD and subsequent stroke have been reported previously and we present the youngest patient of all. A healthy 3‐year‐old female was admitted to Hospital Doce de Octubre in Madrid, Spain with cerebellar infarction. Angiography disclosed basilar artery thrombosis and typical signs of FMD in both vertebral arteries. No other angiographic alteration was noted in the other vessels studied. Her phenotype and other investigations were unremarkable. The patient was treated with anti‐aggregation therapy (aspirin) and the outcome was excellent. Investigation of the occurrence in childhood of this kind of arteriopathy may lead to clarification of its natural history and speculation about its unclear pathogenesis.
LEARNING FROM JAPANESE APPROACHES TO PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT THE CASE OF LESSON STUDY

This article first describes the Japanese professional development practice of lesson study and its articulation within the Japanese educational system. Next, insights gained from an empirical study that explored the feasibility of lesson study in a U.S. setting are discussed. More specifically, challenges to lesson study practice are highlighted, with particular attention paid to the difficulties faced by American teachers in trying to adopt the research focus that is inherent in lesson study. The article concludes with reflections about what the study of lesson study can teach us about efforts to improve teaching, which, like lesson study, center on having teachers examine their practice or that of others.
An unconditional proof of the abelian equivariant Iwasawa main conjecture and applications

Let $p$ be an odd prime. We give an unconditional proof of the equivariant Iwasawa main conjecture for totally real fields for every admissible one-dimensional $p$-adic Lie extension whose Galois group has an abelian Sylow $p$-subgroup. Crucially, this result does not depend on the vanishing of any $\mu$-invariant. As applications, we deduce the Coates-Sinnott conjecture away from its $2$-primary part and new cases of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture for Tate motives.
Análisis genético para vida productiva en ganado Holstein de México

Methodology survival analysis model with Weibull proportional hazards was used to study Holstein cattle duration of functional productive life (FPL) in Mexico, using a model sire-maternal grandsire with Survival Kit V3.12 software. The FPL was calculated as the number of days between the date of first calving and the date of culling or censored, with a maximum credit of 305 d per lactation. The FPL was defined as the length of time between first calving and date of culling or death and a maximum of 305 d lactation. The data analyzed were obtained from the Holstein Association of Mexico. The final file consisted of 36,507 records for FPL of cows that calved for the first time between 1995 and 2008. The model included baseline hazard function of Weibull and the following fixed effects: age at first calving, lactation number by stage of lactation with cuts 29, 249 y 305 and standardized production level, with 10 classes with changes in each lactation period included as dependent variables and random effects of herd-year of calving and genetic effects of sire and maternal grandsire. Percentage of censored data was 25.54 %. All analyzed fixed effects were significant (P<0.0001) and had a significant risk of animal culling influence. The heritability calculated logarithmic, original, effective and equivalent scales were 0.08, 0.13, 0.12 and 0.10 respectively, indicating that this character can effectively integrate breeding programs as has been done in other locations of Holstein cattle.
The tumor microenvironment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance: a perplex relationship

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers with a high mortality rate even among patients with early-stage disease. Although recent studies with novel therapeutic approaches have led to modest improvement in survival outcomes, limited progress is achieved for the use of immunotherapeutics in this challenging cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, thus far, single-agent or in combination, have not yielded significant improvement in survival outcomes except in mismatch repair-deficient pancreatic cancer. The tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer has been considered as an attractive target for over a decade based on preclinical studies that suggested it may adversely affect drug delivery and antitumor immunity. In this review article, we elaborate on the biology of pancreatic cancer microenvironment, its highly complicated interaction with cancer cells, and the immune system. We also discuss plausible explanations that led to the failure of immune checkpoint inhibitors as therapeutic agents and the potential impacts of pancreatic cancer stroma on these negative studies.
Academic socialisation through collaboration: Textual interventions in supporting exiled scholars’ academic literacies development

This paper explores how co-authorship, as a type of collaborative writing practice, facilitates the academic literacies development of scholars in exile who use English as an Additional Language (EAL). Drawing on examples from a larger study looking into Syrian exiled scholars’ academic literacies development, we discuss Areas and Levels of Textual Intervention (AoTI and LoTI) in co-authorship practices.
Semi-supervised GANs for Fraud Detection*

Over the years the online gambling industry has evolved into one of the most profitable industries on the Internet. At the same time, new stringent regulations have required the online industry to become a lot more vigilant. Although standards have improved, the methods used to process finance from illicit activities also evolved and became more sophisticated. Detecting these fraudulent activities in real life with high accuracy requires a learning system to be trained with balanced data sets of fraudulent and normal transactions. However, in the real-world, the number of fraudulent cases is significantly lower than normal cases. In this paper, to deal with data imbalance, we propose a novel generative adversarial framework based on semi-supervised learning of sparse auto-encoders for the detection of fraud in online gambling. Experimental results show that the proposed framework outperforms mainstream discriminative techniques such as logistic regression, random forest and multi-layer perceptron. We validate further the approach by applying it to other domains that suffer from the problem of class imbalance obtaining promising results.