Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antisense inhibition of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α blocks bone destruction in a model of myeloma bone disease

We recently identified macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α (MIP-1α) as a factor produced by multiple myeloma (MM) cells that may be responsible for the bone destruction in MM (1). To investigate the role of MIP-1α in MM bone disease in vivo, the human MM–derived cell line ARH was stably transfected with an antisense construct to MIP-1α (AS-ARH) and tested for its capacity to induce MM bone disease in SCID mice. Human MIP-1α levels in marrow plasma from AS-ARH mice were markedly decreased compared with controls treated with ARH cells transfected with empty vector (EV-ARH). Mice treated with AS-ARH cells lived longer than controls and, unlike the controls, they showed no radiologically identifiable lytic lesions. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that osteoclasts (OCLs) per square millimeter of bone and OCLs per millimeter of bone surface of AS-ARH mice were significantly less than in EV-ARH mice, and the percentage of tumors per total bone area was also significantly decreased. AS-ARH cells demonstrated decreased adherence to marrow stromal cells, due to reduced expression of the α5β1 integrin and diminished homing capacity and survival. These data support an important role for MIP-1α in cell homing, survival, and bone destruction in MM.
Exploring Perceptions of Entitlement to Power and Control and Implications for Violent Behavior Toward Women

This study explores the underlyingstructure of the perceptions of 1,342 men arrested for tryingto hire a prostituted woman on the street. The analysis identified eight structural dimensions that accounted for 47% of the explained variance. Three factors contained items reflectingpatriarchal views of women and perceived entitlement to power and control, which are issues that could lead men to exhibit violence. Findings suggest that lower levels of education, conservative attitudes toward sexuality, more frequent pornography use, and traumatic life experiences may be related to entitlement to power and control factors, which in turn could be used to justify violence against women.
Why are structured interviews so rarely used in personnel selection

By adopting the theory of planned behavior, this study tried to predict human resources managers' (N = 79) intentions toward unstructured and structured interview techniques. Managers evaluated case descriptions of both techniques and were interviewed about their own practices. The data revealed stronger intentions toward unstructured interviewing than toward structured interviewing, which was consistent with their own practices in selecting staff, which appeared to be rather unstructured. l. Ajzen's (1991) theory appeared to be a useful framework for predicting managers' intentions. In particular, attitudes and subjective norms were predictive of intentions to engage in either method. Only intentions toward the unstructured case were related to managers' actual behavior.
Explaining asymmetries in preference elicitation : the role of negative attributes in judgment and choice

Previous research related to the prominence effect (e.g., Tversky, Sattath and Slovic, 1988) has mainly focused on the causes and boundary conditions of the effect. This article investigates the determinants of prominence and explores a negative-based prominence effect in which the negative attribute becomes the prominent one. Using a matching-choice procedure, Experiments 1 and 2 show that the negative dimension became the prominent one under two different cover stories, suggesting that the negative feature looms larger in choice than in matching. The robustness of negative-based prominence was further demonstrated in a direct choice task without matching (Experiment 3), and was shown to be resistant to the impact of added positive features (Experiment 4). Finally, Experiment 5 and 6 distinguish between two determinants of prominence: intrinsic prominence caused by attribute importance and negative-based prominence caused by negative attribute values. By lowering the values on the positive dimension and enhancing the values on the negative dimension, one can reverse the prominence effect. The results suggest that, compared to a matching task, choice leads to enhanced sensitivity to negative features. The relations between negative characteristics of an attribute and other factors that determine prominence are discussed in the final
Growth related material properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon

The role of hydrogen in the a-Si:H network and growth has been investigated by means of infrared absorption measurements on a selected set of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films deposited by means of the remote expanding thermal plasma (ETP) deposition technique. The a-Si:H films are deposited as a function of the substrate temperature (100 C to 500 C) at five different growth rates (22 A/s up to 120 A/s) under conditions of a dominant SiH3 flux. The IR measurements provide information on the wagging, bending and stretching modes, the film density and the hydrogen content. The film density, the low stretching mode (LSM) and the high stretching mode (HSM) show that the a-Si:H microstructure has two evident regions. The first region for cH 14 ± 2 at. % H in which the a-Si:H network is void dominated. In the hydrogen content region studied the dominant hydride type is the monohydride. The LSM has been assigned to monohydrides in a monovacancy (XH4), monohydrides in a divacancy (X2H6) and monohydrides at the edge of a polyvacancy (-XH3). These configurations do not exist on an a-Si:H surface. In these configurations the monohydrides are present in very small volume. The monohydride frequency shift from 2099 cm in the SiH4 molecule to LSM values of a dipole in a small cavity can be a Chapter 2 Hydrogen in the hydrogenated amorphous silicon. 20 result of the Cardona approach, i.e. screening of the matrix. Another explanation is that the mutual interaction of the monohydride dipoles in the small vacancy volume XH4 and XH3 causes the shift. The HSM is assigned to hydrogen bonded to void surfaces and monohydrides in the center of the polyvacancy (-Xm-2H2m-4-). These configurations also exist on a c-Si surface and therefore the eigen frequency of the HSM is similar to those of monohydrides on a c-Si surface. The hydrogen incorporation during a-Si:H growth from the dominant SiH3 plasma beam can be explained in terms of two processes: the hydrogen elimination step and the surface diffusion of chemisorbed -Si-Hx states. The voids are incorporated into the bulk at low substrate temperatures as a result of limited activation of the surface diffusion. The activation energy for diffusion Ediff obtained from void and density dependence on the temperature and growth rate is in the order of 0.7 up to 1.1 eV, implying that a chemisorbed state Si-Hx is responsible for the diffusion. The incorporation of small vacancies is a result of the thermally activated probability that two neighboring Si-H bonds do not cross-link. This process determines the film density for conditions in which no voids are incorporated. Assuming a cross-link model the activation energy obtained is Ecl = 0.21 ± 0.02 eV. Hydrogen in the hydrogenated amorphous silicon. Chapter 2
Grading criteria for assessing the ovarian development of Athetis lepigone and its use in forecasting

The structure and developmental process of the ovaries of Athetis lepigone(Moschler)were observed by dissecting females at different stages of development maintained in a laboratory.The results indicate that the female reproductive system consists of paired ovaries and that each of the two ovaries consists of four polytrophic ovarioles.Ovarian development of the female reproductive system was classified into five stages,including a transparent,vitellogenesis,mature,egg-laying and late egg-laying stage.The ovarian development of A.lepigone was monitored in Shijiazhuang,Hebei Provience from early July to late August of 2011.This revealed that the 1st developmental grade was more abundant than the 4rd grade throughout the entire period of occurance.These results are consistent with those obtained from field investigations.It is therefore possible to predict the peak oviparous period of the next generation by monitoring the female reproductive system of the current generation.
Amur Honeysuckle, Its Fall from Grace Lessons from the introduction and spread of a shrub species may guide future plant introductions

Scientists throughout the world are concerned about the apparent homogenization of regional floras due to exchange and introduction of nonindigenous plant species. A new term for this process, biological pollution, has come into use. Removal of nonindigenous plants to protect native species and to maintain the integrity of typal communities is now a common practice in many parks and nature reserves. As more time, effort, and resources are committed to management of nonindigenous plants, there is an emerging need for greater understanding of the values and actions of the various people who may, through time, facilitate or limit plant invasions. For intentionally or accidentally introduced plant species, interactions with people are important determinants of eventual areal extent and rate of spread in the new geographic range (Mack 1985). Moreover, these anthropic factors may also be easily modified by effective policy decisions. In this article, we present a chronology of events documenting nearly 150 years of interaction between western plant scientists and the east-
Fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii) from the Pirapó River drainage, upper Paraná River basin, Paraná state, Brazil

In this study we conducted an ichthyofaunistic survey in the Pirapo River drainage, upper Parana River basin, based on voucher specimens deposited in the Colecao Ictiologica do Nupelia/UEM. We reported a total of six orders, 23 families, and 76 species, in which four of them were classified as allochthonous and two as exotics. Twenty-eight percent of these species were recorded only for tributaries, whereas the commercially important migratory species, Dourado - Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier, 1816), was recorded in the main channel, indicating that the Pirapo River, still free from impoundments, may be one of the last rivers in the upper Parana River basin that can be used to protect migratory fish species.
Lipid Raft Microdomains: A Gateway for Compartmentalized Trafficking of Ebola and

Spatiotemporal aspects of filovirus entry and release are poorly understood. Lipid rafts act as functional platforms for multiple cellular signaling and trafficking processes. Here, we report the compartmentalization of Ebola and Marburg viral proteins within lipid rafts during viral assembly and budding. Filoviruses released from infected cells incorporated raft-associated molecules, suggesting that viral exit occurs at the rafts. Ectopic expression of Ebola matrix protein and glycoprotein supported raft-dependent release of filamentous, virus-like particles (VLPs), strikingly similar to live virus as revealed by electron microscopy. Our findings also revealed that the entry of filoviruses requires functional rafts, identifying rafts as the site of virus attack. The identification of rafts as the gateway for the entry and exit of filoviruses and raftdependent generation of VLPs have important implications for development of therapeutics and vaccination strategies against infections with Ebola and Marburg viruses.
COURTSHIP AND SPAWNING BEHAVIOR OF THE TAUTOG, TAUTOGA ONITIS (PISCES: LABRIDAE), UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS·

'ABSTRACT Courtship and spawning behavior of the tautog, Tautoga onitis, were observed under controlled laboratory conditions. Two separate groups of tautog, consisting of two males and one female, were each studied over an entire spawning season. The larger male of each group was dominant over the other two animals. This dominance was expressed during the spawning season by intensified aggres­ sion towards the subordinate male. The dominant male ofeach group, once reaching seasonal reproduc­ tive readiness, was the primaryspawning partner of the female. Prior to the onset of spawning, a rapid approach of the dominant, formerly a component of an aggressive chase, functioned as a courtship behavior directed at the female. Each day the female exhibited dynamic and transient shadingchanges which became maximally developed as the time of each spawning approached in the afternoon. Actual gamete release, which took place each day following 6 to 8 h of courtship, occurred as the dominant male and the female moved upwards in synchrony and spawned near or at the surface. The significance of courtship and spawning in tautog is discussed and compared with reproductive behavior in other labrids.
Ethnic Variations in Pet Attachment among Students at an American School of Veterinary Medicine

This study explores ethnic variations in animal companion (“ pet” ) attachment among 133 students enrolled in a school of veterinary medicine. The 57 White and 76 African American participants completed surveys that included background information, several questions about their animal companions, and a pet attachment questionnaire (PAQ). White students had signie cantly higher PAQ scores than did African American students ( p<.001). White students also had signie cantly more pets ( M=4.05 vs. 2.18, p<.001) and more kinds of pets ( M=2.30 vs. 1.57, p<.001) and were more likely to allow pets to sleep on their beds (70% vs. 53%, p<.05). Although keeping pets is a universal cultural phenomenon, how that attachment is expressed may vary from culture-to-culture. This study explores possible explanations and implications for these variations .
Institutional challenges in the European Union

1. Michelle Cini Reforming the European Commission: Discourse, Culture and Planned Change 2. Matthew Gabel and Simon Hix The European Parliament and Executive Politics in the EU: Voting Behaviour and the Commission President Investiture Procedure 3. Rachel Brewster, Michael Munger and Thomas Oatley Widening versus Deepening the European Union: an Institutional Analysis 4. Madeleine O. Hosli and Adrian M. A. van Deemen Effects of Enlargement on Efficiency and Coalition Formation in the Council of the European Union 5. Annick Laruelle The EU Decision-Making Procedures: Some Insight from Non-Cooperative Game Theory 6. Mika Widgren Agenda-Setting, Amendments, Information and Optimal Level of Integration 7. Jonathan Golub Institutional Reform and Decision Making in the European Union 8. Thomas Konig and Thomas Brauninger From an Ever-Growing Towards an Ever-Slower Union? 9. Kalypso Nicolaidis and Sophie Meunier Revisiting Trade Competence in the European Union: Amsterdam, Nice, and Beyond 10. Peter H. Loedel The European Central Bank: Exploring Institutional Independence and the Need for Reform 11. Heather Field Reforming the Common Agricultural Policy and the EU's Structural Funds in the Face of Eastwards Enlargement Conclusions
Active interaction control of civil structures. Part 2: MDOF systems

In this paper, the performance of active interaction control (AIC) algorithms is assessed within the context of two realistic building models. The AIC control approach is proposed as a semi‐active means of mitigating the structural response during large earthquakes. To implement the AIC control algorithms into MDOF systems, the modal control (MC) approach that directs the control effort to certain dominant response modes is formulated and utilized herein. Two structures, a 3‐storey building and a 9‐storey steel‐framed benchmark building controlled by the AIC algorithms are analysed for two historical earthquake records. The results of numerical simulation verify the efficacy of the AIC control algorithms in controlling vibration of building structures during large earthquakes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Language and Cultural Practicum Course in Nanjing: Maximizing the Students’ Use of Chinese

This paper examines an experience-based language course operating in the field during an intensive language training program in Nanjing, China, during the summer of 1999. The objectives are to report on the design success of our “language and cultural practicum” course, and thereby address best practices and challenges of experience-based language learning. In addition to four hours of classroom instruction each morning, students participated in an afternoon practicum course in which they were required to go off campus and interact with the Chinese community at large and gather specific information for specific assignments. Assets of the practicum course were its flexibility of design, allowing for student self-design of exercises, efficiency in tracking the students’ whereabouts and structuring of their time, and production of an overall synergy of language learning by consciously exercising spoken skills in the field, reinforced with written practice in a daily journal write-up, capped off by a daily presentation during the evening debriefing class.
One-time vs. Continuous Application of Paclobutrazol in Subirrigation Water for the Production of Bedding Plants

Experiments were conducted with four kinds of flowering plants to compare one-time vs. continuous application of paclobutrazol in subirrigation water. When a crop reached the stage at which it required growth regulator treatment, four concentrations of paclobutrazol were applied via subirrigation either one-time or continuously until the crop was terminated. Based upon regression equations, concentrations resulting in 30% size reduction for one-time applications of paclobutrazol were 0.01 mg.L -1 for Begonia ×semperflorens-cultorum Cocktail Gin', 0.09 mg.L -1 for Impatiens wallerana Hook. Super Elfin White', 0.2 mg.L -1 for Dendranthema ×grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura Tara', and 2.4 mg.L -1 for Petunia ×hybrida Vilm. -Andr. Plum Crazy'. Respective optimal values for continuous application were 0.005, 0.02, 0.06, and 0.4 mg.L -1 . Increasing the concentration for continuous application had a greater effect on paclobutrazol efficacy than did increasing the concentration for a single application. In a trial with impatiens Super Elfin Salmon Blush', the paclobutrazol concentration was reduced 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% (single application) for each successive subirrigation event following an initial application of 0.1 mg.L -1 of paclobutrazol. The 50%, 75%, and 100% reduction treatments provided similar levels of size control. Dilution was more important when the reduction rate was less than 50%. Chemical name used: (±)-(R * ,R * )-β-[ (4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-α-( ( 1, 1 -dimethyl) -1/ / -1, 2, 4-triazole-1 -ethanol (paclobutrazol).
The influence of GSTP1 A313G polymorphism on susceptibility, chemotherapy-related toxicity and prognosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Ukrainian patients

The aim of this research was to study the influence of GSTP1 A313G polymorphism on susceptibility, chemotherapy-related toxicity and prognosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Ukrainian patients. Methods. The polymorphic variants of GSTP1 gene were analyzed using Allelic Discrimination Real-Time PCR. Results. The GSTP1 polymorphism is not directly involved in the development of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and chemotherapy-related toxicity, but homozygous wild genotype of this gene is associated with a worse clinical response to the therapy and a higher risk of relapse. Conclusions. The investigation of GSTP1 polymorphism is very promising, since it might provide a possible application of this genetic marker as an independent prognostic factor of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Berufsbiographische Unsicherheiten und der Übergang zur Elternschaft bei Männern

In this paper we look at the impact of employment on family development with reference to men. We investigate the extent to which insecurities in the employment career have an effect on family formation. By comparing the life histories and life situation of men in East and West Germany, we are able to retrieve information about the effects of different social systems on the transition to fatherhood. We use logistic regression models to analyze data of the ´Familiensurvey´ of the German Youth Institute conducted in the year 2000.
Using snow-track surveys to determine deer winter distribution and habitat

Managers require detailed distribution and habitat use information on local ungulate populations. Aerial surveys over closed-canopy coniferous forests are unreliable due to invisibility of animals from the air. I used snow-track surveys during 3 winters to determine midwinter deer distribution and habitat use in dense-canopy forests of southeastern British Columbia. Crews recorded deer tracks along straight-line transects and concurrently measured habitat plots at 50-m intervals. Deer distribution and habitat use was best explained by relative snow depth in all sampling periods. I created a relative snowdepth model delineating potential midwinter deer habitat from survey data. Advantages of snow-track surveys include delineation of seasonal ungulate use, measurement of population spatial distribution, and collection of detailed habitat information. Limitations include a geographic constraint to areas of persistent snow cover and a bias toward detecting locations of ungulate travel that are not necessarily feeding or bedding habitat.
Variation in nest composition and abundances of ectoparasites between nests in colonially breeding Common Eiders Somateria mollissima

ABSTRACT Capsule: The occurrence of high numbers of ectoparasites in nests of Common Eiders may be related to nest densities and nesting behaviour. Aims: To estimate abundances of ectoparasites and occurrence of blood-covered eggs, and relate those to nest bowl ages, nest bottom material and the incubation stages of eggs, in nests at two different Common Eider colonies. Methods: Nests were collected at Hvallátur and Rif, two sites at Breiðafjörður, West Iceland, in June and July 2012. The nest bottom material was classified to vegetation species and invertebrates were identified to species when possible. Results: The flea Ceratophyllus garei was the dominant ectoparasite at both sites, with median abundances higher at Hvallátur than at Rif in June. In July, the mean abundance of fleas was higher than observed in June at Rif. There were positive relationships between the flea abundances and the incubation stages of the nests, the blood cover of the eggs and the type of nesting material. No relationship was observed between the age of nesting bowls and adult flea abundances. Conclusion: Disadvantages of large parasite loads on the later nesters (second clutch in each nest) at Rif may be compensated by shared nest attendance and the concurrent added time for preening for females while other females attend their nests.