Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci (MRS) and Mammaliicocci (MRM) in Dromedary Camels from Algeria: First Detection of SCCmec-mecC Hybrid in Methicillin-Resistant Mammaliicoccus lentus

Dromedary camels are an important source of food and income in many countries. However, it has been largely overlooked that they can also transmit antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to identify the Staphylococcaceae bacteria composition of the nasal flora in dromedary camels and evaluate the presence of methicillin-resistant Mammaliicoccus (MRM) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) in dromedary camels in Algeria. Nasal swabs were collected from 46 camels from seven farms located in two different regions of Algeria (M’sila and Ouargla). We used non-selective media to determine the nasal flora, and antibiotic-supplemented media to isolate MRS and MRM. The staphylococcal isolates were identified using an Autoflex Biotyper Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS). The mecA and mecC genes were detected by PCR. Methicillin-resistant strains were further analysed by long-read whole genome sequencing (WGS). Thirteen known Staphylococcus and Mammaliicoccus species were identified in the nasal flora, of which half (49.2%) were coagulase-positive staphylococci. The results showed that four out of seven farms were positive for MRS and/or MRM, with a total of 16 isolates from 13 dromedary camels. The predominant species were M. lentus, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus. Three methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were found to be ST6 and spa type t304. Among methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE), ST61 was the predominant ST identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed clonal relatedness among M. lentus strains, while S. epidermidis strains were not closely related. Resistance genes were detected, including mecA, mecC, ermB, tet(K), and blaZ. An SCCmec type VIII element was found in a methicillin-resistant S. hominis (MRSH) belonging to the ST1 strain. An SCCmec-mecC hybrid element was detected in M. lentus, similar to what was previously detected in M. sciuri. This study highlights that dromedary camels may be a reservoir for MRS and MRM, and that they contain a specific set of SCCmec elements. This emphasizes the need for further research in this ecological niche from a One Health perspective.
Propagation of solar neutrons through the atmosphere of the Earth

The propagation of solar neutrons through the atmosphere of the Earth has been calculated by a Monte Carlo method using a nuclear interaction model which can reproduce the existing data obtained by accelerator experiments. With this calculation, it has been found that the elastic scattering process plays an important role in the propagation of solar neutrons in the atmosphere at an incident energy below ∼ 200 MeV. By applying this calculation to the analysis of a solar neutron event observed at Mount Norikura Cosmic Ray Observatory on June 4, 1991, it is possible to interpret the event as γ rays and neutrons having been produced impulsively at the time of the solar flare. The event observed at Jungfraujoch on June 3, 1982 can be explained similarly.
Light and Electron Microscopy Studies Elucidating Mechanisms of Tomato Leaf Infection by Pseudocercospora fuligena

The fungal pathogen Pseudocercospora fuligena, known to affect tomatoes in the tropics and subtropics, has been reported from temperate climates including the United States and Turkey in recent years. In this study, an isolate from fresh tomatoes and the disease it causes were characterized and infection mechanisms investigated. Macroscopically, both sides of tomato leaves show indistinct effuse patches but prolific production of fuliginous lesions is conspicuous on the abaxial side first but also on the adaxial side later on as infection progressed. Microscopically, fascicles of conidiophores (11–128 μm × 3.5–9 μm) arising from stromata and conidia with up to 12 septations were observed. Molecular characterization of the isolate revealed high homology (99.8%) to other P. fuligena isolated from tomatoes in Turkey. Out of the 10 media tested, P. fuligena grew significantly well and sporulated better on unsealed tomato oatmeal agar and carrot leaf decoction agar, both supplemented with CaCO3. Direct transfer of conidia from profusely sporulating lesions was the easiest and quickest method of isolation for in-vitro studies. Light and scanning electron microscopy on cleared and intact tomato leaves further confirmed stomatal penetration and egress as well as prevalence of primary and secondary infection hyphae. In situ, blocked stomatal aperture areas of 154, 401, and 2,043 μm2 were recorded at 7, 12, and 17 days after inoculation, respectively. With the recent expanded horizon of the pathosystem and its consequential impact, such studies will be useful for a proper diagnosis, identification and management of the disease on tomato worldwide.
Comparison of Various Clinical Risk Assessment Tools in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients Presenting in Emergency Department with Undifferentiated Cardiac Chest Pain

Objective: To compare the “HEART (History, ECG, Age, Risk factors, Troponin), GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events), and TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction)” scores in predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients reporting with undifferentiated cardiac chest pain to the Emergency Department (ED). Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study Duration and place of Study: Emergency Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2021. Methodology: Two hundred and thirty-seven adult patients with atraumatic cardiac-like chest pain and non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) reporting to the ED were included in the study. HEART, GRACE and TIMI scores were calculated from the data. The number of patients with low risk was identified by each score and compared at a fixed safety level of minimum 95% sensitivity. The potential occurrence of MACE was confirmed using a telephonic follow-up six weeks after the presentation. Results: At an absolute safety level of minimum 95% sensitivity, the HEART score determined 101 patients as “low-risk” with 1.98% MACE missed. The GRACE score identified 49 “low-risk” patients with 4.08% MACE missed, and the TIMI score identified 66 “low-risk” patients with 3.03% MACE missed. Conclusion: Among the three scores under comparison, the HEART score performed better than the GRACE and TIMI scores at the same safety level and surpassed them in differentiating between those with MACE and without MACE.
Teacher collective efficacy and the management of difficult behaviour: the role of student-teacher relationships

ABSTRACT Pupils’ behaviour can affect teacher morale, attrition, and exclusions. Teachers’ efficacy beliefs can serve as a protective factor against stress and burnout. This study examined a possible association between teachers’ collective efficacy (CE) beliefs and exclusion rates, and whether student-teacher relationships (STRs) affected CE beliefs and teachers’ views about how they responded to difficult behaviour. A mixed methods design was utilised with four secondary schools in one UK local authority. A questionnaire ascertained CE beliefs. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews with ten teachers, with high and low CE, were conducted. A significant association was found between CE and the rate of fixed term exclusions. Interview data revealed four broad themes: The “Quality of Relationships”; the effects on “Efficacy Beliefs”; less “Reliance on Disciplinary Approaches” and having “Greater Tolerance”. Positive STRs enable teachers to provide an environment in which behaviours are more respectful, reducing the need for disciplinary approaches, such as exclusion.
Comparison between Backscatter Lidar and Radiosonde Measurements of the Diurnal and Nocturnal Stratification in the Lower Troposphere

A collection of boundary layer heights has been derived from measurements performed by a groundbased backscatter lidar in Neuchâtel, Switzerland (47.000°N, 6.967°E, 485 m ASL). A dataset of 98 cases have been collected during 2 yr. From these data, 61 are noon and 37 are midnight cases. The following two different schemes were used to retrieve the mixed layer depth and the height of the residual layer from the measurements: the gradient and variance methods. The obtained values were compared with those derived from the potential temperature profiles as computed from radiosonde data. For nocturnal cases, the height of the first aerosol layer above the residual layer was also compared to the corresponding potential temperature value. Correlation coefficients between lidar and radiosonde in both convective and stable conditions are between 0.88 and 0.97.
Increasing Cases of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in West Africa: Is Combination Therapy and Immunomodulators the Best Cure?

West Africa has a high endemicity of chronic hepatitis B, which causes liver cancer, cirrhosis, liver failure, and chronic liver disease, all of which put a severe strain on the region's already crippled healthcare system. This disease kills nearly 200,000 people in West Africa each year. As a result, finding a cure is critical. Several scientists have developed potential treatments for this disease over the years. However, the majority of them have failed. In this paper, we shed more light on immunomodulators and combination therapy, two treatments that have shown promise in putting an end to this disease. We compared them to other modes of treatment currently available and explained why they are the best cure for chronic hepatitis B. We also encouraged the scientific community to conduct more research in this area so that better results can be realized as soon as
N-Doped Carbon Fibers Derived from Porous Wood Fibers Encapsulated in a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

Developing highly porous and conductive carbon electrodes is crucial for high-performance electrochemical double-layer capacitors. We provide a method for preparing supercapacitor electrode materials using zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)-coated wood fibers. The material has high nitrogen (N)-doping content and a specific surface area of 593.52 m2 g−1. When used as a supercapacitor electrode, the composite exhibits a high specific capacitance of 270.74 F g−1, with an excellent capacitance retention rate of 98.4% after 10,000 cycles. The symmetrical supercapacitors (SSCs) with two carbon fiber electrodes (CWFZ2) showed a high power density of 2272.73 W kg−1 (at an energy density of 2.46 W h kg−1) and an energy density of 4.15 Wh kg−1 (at a power density of 113.64 W kg−1). Moreover, the SSCs maintained 81.21% of the initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1, which proves that the SSCs have good cycle stability. The excellent capacitance performance is primarily attributed to the high conductivity and N source provided by the zeolite imidazole framework. Because of this carbon material’s unique structural features and N-doping, our obtained CWFZ2 electrode material could be a candidate for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.
Rare-earth control of phase transitions in infinite-layer nickelates

Abstract Perovskite nickelates RNiO3 (R = rare-earth ion) exhibit complex rare-earth ion dependent phase diagram and high tunability of various appealing properties. Here, combining first- and finite-temperature second-principles calculations, we explicitly demonstrate that the superior merits of the interplay among lattice, electron, and spin degrees of freedom can be passed to RNiO2, which recently gained significant interest as superconductors. We unveil that decreasing the rare-earth size directly modulates the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties and naturally groups infinite-layer nickelates into two categories in terms of the Fermi surface and magnetic dimensionality: compounds with large rare-earth sizes (La, Pr) closely resemble the key properties of CaCuO2, showing quasi-two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic (AFM) correlations and strongly localized dx2−y2 orbitals around the Fermi level; the compounds with small rare-earth sizes (Nd–Lu) are highly analogous to ferropnictides, showing three-dimensional (3D) magnetic dimensionality and strong kz dispersion of d3z2−r2 electrons at the Fermi level. Additionally, we highlight that RNiO2 with R = Nd–Lu exhibit on cooling a structural transition with the appearance of oxygen rotation motion, which is softened by the reduction of rare-earth size and enhanced by spin-rotation couplings. The rare-earth control of kz dispersion and structural phase transition might be the key factors differentiating the distinct upper critical field and resistivity in different compounds. The established original phase diagram summarizing the temperature and rare-earth controlled structural, electronic, and magnetic transitions in RNiO2 compounds provides rich structural and chemical flexibility to tailor the superconducting property.
Customer encounter satisfaction and narrative force: an investigation of user-generated content on TripAdvisor

ABSTRACT Customer satisfaction research is often undertaken quantitatively employing multi-item standard questionnaires. Instead, this study seeks to understand how restaurant customers themselves articulate their encounter satisfaction experiences from the user-generated content (UGC) reviews they post on TripAdvisor. UGC reviews for all fine dining restaurants in Stockholm are collected. Leximancer and Diction software are used in the analyses to determine the concepts and themes used by UGC reviewers to express their encounter satisfaction and to measure narrative force among customers expressing different levels of restaurant encounter satisfaction. Results indicate that customers who provide different satisfaction scores on TripAdvisor also post UGC that exhibits divergencies in the concepts and themes they use to communicate their experience. Additionally, narrative force is stronger among customers providing reviews exhibiting moderate and low satisfaction scores.
Canagliflozin Delays Aging of HUVECs Induced by Palmitic Acid via the ROS/p38/JNK Pathway

Vascular aging is an important factor contributing to cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hyperlipidemia or fatty accumulation may play an important role in vascular aging and cardiovascular diseases. Canagliflozin (CAN), a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, can exert a cardiovascular protection effect that is likely independent of its hypoglycemic activities; however, the exact mechanisms remain undetermined. We hypothesized that CAN might have protective effects on blood vessels by regulating vascular aging induced by hyperlipidemia or fatty accumulation in blood vessel walls. In this study, which was undertaken on the basis of aging and inflammation, we investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of CAN in human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid. We found that CAN could delay vascular aging, reduce the secretion of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and protect DNA from damage, as well as exerting an effect on the cell cycle of senescent cells. These actions likely occur through the attenuation of the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in vascular endothelial cells and/or down-regulation of the p38/JNK signaling pathway. In summary, our study revealed a new role for CAN as one of the sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors in delaying lipotoxicity-induced vascular aging by targeting the ROS/p38/JNK pathway, giving new medicinal value to CAN and providing novel therapeutic ideas for delaying vascular aging in patients with dyslipidemia.
Effects of Curcumin on Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis in Acute Ammonia Stress-Induced Liver Injury in Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio)

This study investigated the potential role of curcumin (CUR) in preventing oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by ammonia exposure in gibel carp. Experimental fish (initial weight: 11.22 ± 0.10 g, n = 150) were fed diets supplemented with or without 0.5% CUR for 56 days, followed by a 24 h ammonia (32.5 mg/L) exposure. Liver damages (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), adenosine deaminase (ADA), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) and oxidative stress enzyme activities (reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA); and the content of antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) were induced by ammonia stress. The antioxidant capacity was decreased, as indicated by inhibited gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (ho-1), catalase (cat), and sod. Ferroptosis was induced by ammonia stress, as suggested by upregulated mRNA levels of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (ncoa4), transferrin receptor 1 (tfr1), and iron-responsive element-binding protein 2 (ireb2), and downregulated expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (gpx4), ferroportin (fpn), and ferritin heavy chain 1 (fth1). In addition, both mRNA and protein levels of ferroptosis markers acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) were upregulated, while cystine/glutamate antiporter (SLC7A11) was downregulated. However, liver injury and ferroptosis in fish induced by ammonia could be attenuated by CUR. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CUR ameliorates oxidative stress and attenuates ammonia stress-induced ferroptosis. This study provides a new perspective on potential preventive strategies against ammonia stress in gibel carp by dietary CUR.
Reconstructing diagenetic mineral reactions from silicified horizons of the Paleoproterozoic Biwabik Iron Formation, Minnesota

Primary phases in iron-rich chemical sedimentary rocks are important archives of seawater geo-chemistry throughout the Precambrian. The record of seawater chemistry, however, is obscured by post-depositional changes that occur during diagenesis, metamorphism, and modern weathering. Recent studies have identified silica-cemented horizons in some Archean and Paleoproterozoic iron forma - tion that may preserve reduced, texturally early mineral phases, which may inform interpretations of oxygen dynamics preceding atmospheric oxygen accumulation before the ~2.3 Ga Great Oxidation Event (GOE). However, fewer investigations focus on silica-cemented horizons in Paleoproterozoic iron formation deposited after the GOE, a period where oxygen levels are poorly constrained. Here, we present petrographic observations, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and Raman spectroscopy of iron mineral phases preserved within silica-cemented horizons of the ~1.9 Ga Biwabik Iron Formation (Minnesota, U.S.A.) to constrain texturally early iron formation mineralogy from this crucial post-GOE interval. Based on textural relationships, the iron silicate greenalite is identified as the earliest-forming iron silicate mineral preserved within silica-cemented horizons. The magnesium-and aluminum-rich iron silicates chamosite and stilpnomelane are preserved proximal to fine-grained, non-silicified horizons, suggesting local geochemical exchange during early diagenesis. The presence of well preserved, early-forming silicates containing predominantly ferrous iron may indicate reducing conditions at the sediment-water interface during deposition of the Biwabik Iron Formation. More definitively, future studies using iron silicate mineralogy as seawater geochemistry proxies should consider preservation by silica cementation, in addition to the effects of local geochemi - cal exchange during diagenesis.
Static Output Feedback Control for Positive Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Systems: A Successive Linear Programming Approach

This article considers the control synthesis for positive nonlinear systems modeled by Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy characterizations. A fuzzy static output feedback (SOF) controller is sought to assure the closed-loop stability and positivity with a guaranteed $\mathcal {l}_{1}$ performance level. The favorable positivity enables us to adopt a linear co-positive function as the Lyapunov candidate, and we construct the essential conditions for the existence of fuzzy SOF controllers in the form of bilinear programming (BP) problem. To provide a direct and generic algorithm for solving the BP problem, we propose a vital approximation strategy by which the general bilinear constraints are replaced with a sequence of convex surrogate ones. Recognizing the fact that a fundamental promise of the proposed successive linear programming algorithm is a feasible initial solution, we also develop an iterative procedure to calculate an initial controller gain. Finally, we clarify the applicability of the developed scheme with two examples.
Microleakage and Marginal Integrity of Ormocer/Methacrylate-Based Bulk-Fill Resin Restorations in MOD Cavities: SEM and Stereomicroscopic Evaluation

This in vitro study aimed to compare the microleakage and marginal integrity of methacrylate/ormocer-based bulk-fill composite (BFC) restorations used in cervical marginal relocation with two different layering thicknesses in mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities exposed to thermo-mechanical loading. Standard MOD cavities were prepared in 60 mandibular molars and assigned into three groups: x-tra fil/AF + x-tra base/XB, Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill/TNB + Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill/TFB, and Admira Fusion x-tra/AFX + Admira Fusion x-base/AFB. Each group was further divided into two subgroups (2 mm and 4 mm) based on the thickness of flowable BFCs (n = 10). The specimens were subjected to thermo-mechanical loading (240,000 cycles) and immersed in 0.2% methylene blue. Following mesiodistal sectioning, the specimens were examined under stereomicroscope (×25) and scored (0–3) for microleakage. Marginal integrity was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Descriptive statistical methods and the chi-square test were used to evaluate the data (p < 0.05). While there was no statistically significant difference in gingival cement microleakage in the XB and AFB specimens with a 4 mm thickness, microleakage was significantly increased in the TFB specimen (p = 0.604, 0.481, 0.018 respectively). A significantly higher amount of score 0 coronal microleakage was detected in the AFX2 mm + AFB4 mm compared to the TNB2 mm + TFB4 mm (p = 0.039). The SEM examination demonstrated better marginal integrity in groups with 2 mm thick flowable BFCs. Ormocer and methacrylate-based materials can be used in marginal relocation with thin layers.
A new and accurate frequency estimation approach based on the phase difference

A method for estimating the frequency of signals based on the phase difference between long and short delay matches is proposed.This method uses the interferometer direction finder principle for reference,that is,small frequency offset estimation by measuring the interframe phase difference of the short delay is used to resolve the indistinct phase problem,and at the same time,estimation by long delay is used to improve precision.A great deal of simulation for various algorithms shows that the new algorithm not only has a good estimation accuracy,but also has a good frequency stability,which can be utilized for hardware implementation of the receiver system.