Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fear of terrorism and support for non-democratic rule in democracies

Abstract Does fear of terrorism prompt some residents of democracies to abandon the ideal of democratic rule and instead endorse non-democratic governance? If so, why? In this study, I theorize that fear of terrorism triggers intolerance of social outgroups which, in turn, contributes to the erosion of pro-democratic norms and embrace of authoritarian rule. I test this argument using an original survey of the US and an investigation of cross-national survey results from 23 democracies. I find that individuals who fear terrorism are more likely to endorse non-democratic governance and the effect of fear of terrorism on support for authoritarianism is mediated through increased racism and xenophobia. ¿Provoca el miedo al terrorismo que algunos residentes de las democracias sientan el impulso de abandonar el ideal del gobierno democrático y, en cambio, respalden la gobernanza no democrática? Si es así, ¿por qué ocurre esto? En este estudio, teorizamos que el miedo al terrorismo desencadena la intolerancia con respecto a los grupos externos lo cual, a su vez, contribuye a la erosión de las normas prodemocráticas y a la aceptación de un gobierno autoritario. Probamos este argumento usando una encuesta original de los Estados Unidos, así como una investigación de los resultados de una serie de encuestas transnacionales relativas a 23 democracias. Concluimos que las personas que temen el terrorismo son más propensas a respaldar una gobernanza no democrática y que el efecto del miedo al terrorismo, que causa un apoyo al autoritarismo, se manifiesta a través de un aumento del racismo y la xenofobia. La peur du terrorisme pousse-t-elle certaines personnes vivant en démocratie à abandonner l’idéal démocratique pour, au contraire, soutenir des formes de gouvernance non-démocratiques ? Si oui, pourquoi ? Dans le cadre de cette analyse, j’avance comme théorie que la peur du terrorisme est vecteur d’intolérance envers les exogroupes; une intolérance qui, à son tour, contribue à l’érosion des normes démocratiques et à l’adoption d’un régime autoritaire. Je mets cette hypothèse à l’épreuve d’une enquête originale menée aux États-Unis et d’une analyse des résultats d’une enquête transnationale réalisée dans 23 démocraties. J’en conclus que les individus craignant le terrorisme sont plus enclins à soutenir une gouvernance non-démocratique, et que cette peur, dans l’adhésion à l’autoritarisme qu’elle entraîne, a pour effet d’accentuer les phénomènes de racisme et de xénophobie.
Key Components, Current Practice and Clinical Outcomes of ERAS Programs in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: A Systematic Review

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have led to improvements in outcomes in several surgical fields, through multimodal optimization of patient pathways, reductions in complications, improved patient experiences and reductions in the length of stay. However, their use has not been uniformly recognized in all orthopedic fields, and there is still no consensus on the best implementation process. Here, we evaluated pre-, peri-, and post-operative key elements and clinical evidence of ERAS protocols, measurements, and associated outcomes in patients undergoing different orthopedic surgical procedures. A systematic literature search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases was conducted to identify clinical studies, from 2012 to 2022. Out of the 1154 studies retrieved, 174 (25 on spine surgery, 4 on thorax surgery, 2 on elbow surgery and 143 on hip and/or knee surgery) were considered eligible for this review. Results showed that ERAS protocols improve the recovery from orthopedic surgery, decreasing the length of hospital stays (LOS) and the readmission rates. Comparative studies between ERAS and non-ERAS protocols also showed improvement in patient pain scores, satisfaction, and range of motion. Although ERAS protocols in orthopedic surgery are safe and effective, future studies focusing on specific ERAS elements, in particular for elbow, thorax and spine, are mandatory to optimize the protocols.
The Future of Tissue-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Nucleic Acid Delivery

The earliest example of in vivo expression of exogenous mRNA is by direct intramuscular injection in mice without the aid of a delivery vehicle. The current state of the art for therapeutic nucleic acid delivery is lipid nanoparticles (LNP), which are composed of cholesterol, a helper lipid, a PEGylated lipid and an ionizable amine-containing lipid. The liver is the primary organ of LNP accumulation following intravenous administration and is also observed to varying degrees following intramuscular and subcutaneous routes. Delivery of nucleic acid to hepatocytes by LNP has therapeutic potential, but there are many disease indications that would benefit from non-hepatic LNP tissue and cell population targeting, such as cancer, and neurological, cardiovascular and infectious diseases. This review will concentrate on the current efforts to develop the next generation of tissue-targeted LNP constructs for therapeutic nucleic acids.
Introduction To Vlsi Systems A Logic Circuit And System Perspective

Thank you for reading introduction to vlsi systems a logic circuit and system perspective. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite readings like this introduction to vlsi systems a logic circuit and system perspective, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their computer.
Theoretical analysis of the effects of bus operations on urban corridors and networks

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My time at Georgia Tech has been an incredible journey made possible by many wonderful individuals. First and foremost, I want to thank Stephanie, my soon-to-be wife who has always supported and cared for me even when we were 1,083 miles away during the first few years. Being able share with you after long work days has kept me sane and in good spirit. I am grateful for my advisor Jorge Laval for all of the hours of guidance and teaching. You have prepared me to think critically and creatively for any problem that I will face during my professional career. More importantly, you have been a friend that I can count on for many years to come. I look forward to reaching out when I need guidance or when I just want to catch up about life. Another professor that has greatly shaped me at Georgia Tech is Randall Guensler, who was my co-advisor for many years. You were the first person who taught me how to do research and you have always been there for professional guidance. and Bistra Dilkina for their guidance and comments. Having a committee with so many different perspectives has greatly improved my thinking and research approach during this dissertation. To my friends in Atlanta, who have been a family away from home, I cannot thank you enough. Listing everyone will take longer than this document but I am particularly grateful being close even when we were so far away. Your love and values makes me the person iii that I am today and I do not have a lifetime to thank you enough. Furthermore, I want to acknowledge the continual support that I receive from my extended Castrillon and Londono family which has helped me greatly throughout these years. 3 Moving bottleneck effect. (a) Fundamental diagram with moving bottleneck " cut ". (b) Time-space diagram showing the effects of a moving bottleneck trajectory on upstream and downstream traffic states. 11 4 (a) Cumulative count curve across time and space, (b) visual representation of a variational theory problem, (c) variational theory network graph for the time-space diagram of a corridor. 5 (a) Initial value variational theory problem with constant density on the boundary. For each boundary point B, the minimum path is obtained from all valid paths. (b) Each minimum path corresponds to a upper boundary cut to the MFD. …
Association between insomnia phenotypes and subclinical myocardial injury: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Abstract Study Objectives To assess whether the association between insomnia and subclinical myocardial injury, as measured by cardiac troponin T (cTnT), differs across insomnia phenotypes. Methods We measured cTnT in 2188 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study who had completed sleep questionnaires and undergone unattended polysomnography (PSG) and 7-day actigraphy. Insomnia symptoms were defined as reporting at least one of the following ≥5 nights/week over the past 4 weeks: trouble falling asleep, waking up several times a night, having trouble getting back to sleep after waking up too early, or taking sleeping pills to help falling asleep. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI >15 events/h). Participants were classified into insomnia phenotypes, including comorbid insomnia and OSA (COMISA) and insomnia associated with actigraphy-estimated short sleep (<6 h) or sleep fragmentation. Results The mean age was 68.8 (SD 9.2) years, 53.6% were male. In total, 47.8% met threshold levels for insomnia symptoms, and 43.1% had an AHI >15. In adjusted linear regression models COMISA (β 0.08 [standard error (SE) 0.03], p < . 01) and insomnia with short sleep duration (β 0.07 [SE 0.03], p < .05) were each associated with higher cTnT compared to a reference group with no insomnia. Insomnia with fragmented sleep (β 0.03 [SE 0.02]) was not associated with higher cTnT (p > .05) in adjusted analyses. OSA was associated with higher cTnT (β 0.09 [SE 0.03], p < .01) in adjusted models. Conclusions COMISA and insomnia with short sleep duration, but not insomnia symptoms alone or fragmented sleep, were associated with increased circulating cTnT in older adults.
Language Ideologies in the Spanish Heritage Language Classroom: (Mis)alignment between Instructor and Students’ Beliefs

Research on Spanish as a heritage language (SHL) has found that language ideologies have impacted SHL learners in the U.S. There are several ways in which language ideologies have influenced the overall experiences of SHL learners by encompassing power systems that are at play within personal, societal, academic, and professional contexts. Pedagogical proposals rooted in Critical Language Awareness (CLA) have been crucial in dismantling harmful language ideologies in the classroom, though there is still a lack of research focused on both students and their instructors. To investigate this, we conducted semi-structured interviews with four advanced university-level SHL students and their instructor in a CLA-oriented SHL program. We also examined the writing assignments of each student to triangulate our data and gain a better understanding of how the students’ language ideologies were being maintained and how their instructor engaged, or not, with students’ beliefs about language. Through directed content analysis, our findings indicate that students with more experience in the program deviate from relaying harmful language ideologies. Their instructor, while aware of students’ negative beliefs about language, conveyed mixed messages about these ideologies as well.
Mid-Infrared HgTe Colloidal Quantum Dots In-Situ Passivated by Iodide

Today, colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have received wide attention due to their properties of tunable infrared absorption. For example, HgTe colloidal quantum dots have shown excellent optical absorption (absorption coefficient α > 104 cm−1), spectral absorption tunability covering the entire infrared atmospheric window, and even the terahertz (THz). However, the efficient surface passivation of HgTe CQDs was limited by the highly sterically hindered long-chain organic ligands. Here, we demonstrate a new method to synthesize monodisperse mid-infrared HgTe CQDs, and the preparation process of the Hg precursor solution is optimized. With I− in-situ passivated on the surfaces, the spherical HgTe quantum dots are successfully synthesized with the tunability size from 8 to 15 nm. The noise current density of the photoconductive device is as low as 10−11 A·Hz−1/2 at 130 K with a frequency of 1 Hz.
The Epitranscriptome in miRNAs: Crosstalk, Detection, and Function in Cancer

The epitranscriptome encompasses all post-transcriptional modifications that occur on RNAs. These modifications can alter the function and regulation of their RNA targets, which, if dysregulated, result in various diseases and cancers. As with other RNAs, miRNAs are highly modified by epitranscriptomic modifications such as m6A methylation, 2′-O-methylation, m5C methylation, m7G methylation, polyuridine, and A-to-I editing. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have gathered high clinical interest due to their role in disease, development, and cancer progression. Epitranscriptomic modifications alter the targeting, regulation, and biogenesis of miRNAs, increasing the complexity of miRNA regulation. In addition, emerging studies have revealed crosstalk between these modifications. In this review, we will summarize the epitranscriptomic modifications—focusing on those relevant to miRNAs—examine the recent crosstalk between these modifications, and give a perspective on how this crosstalk expands the complexity of miRNA biology.
Fermentation Quality of Silages Produced from Wilted Sown Tropical Perennial Grass Pastures with or without a Bacterial Inoculant

High growth rates and rapid reproductive development and associated decline in feed quality of sown tropical perennial grass pastures present management challenges for livestock producers. Conservation of surplus forage as silage could be an effective management tool. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the fermentation quality of silages produced from tropical grasses. Five species (Chloris gayana, Megathyrsus maximus, Panicum coloratum, Digitaria eriantha and Cenchrus clandestinus) were ensiled without additives after a short, effective wilt at dry matter (DM) contents ranging from 302.4 to 650.1 g kg−1. The fermentation profile of all silages in 2019 was typical for high DM silages, but in 2020 ammonia (% of total nitrogen: NH3-N), acetic acid and pH levels were higher. In 2020 M. maximus (302.4 g kg−1 DM) was poorly preserved with 20.2% NH3-N. The DM content of all other silages exceeded 350 g kg−1 and fermentation quality was generally good. In a second experiment, M. maximus was ensiled at 365 g kg−1 chopped and 447 g kg−1 DM chopped and unchopped, either without or with Pioneer 1171® (Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium) or Lallemand Magniva Classic® (L. plantarum and Pediococcus pentasaceus) bacterial inoculant. Inoculants increased lactic acid production, reduced pH and improved fermentation compared to Control, but D-lactate, L-lactate and acetic acid production differed between inoculants. Unchopped silages had higher pH and NH3-N and better preserved protein fraction than chopped silages at the same DM content. In both experiments, wilting increased water soluble carbohydrates by 0.5–31.5 g kg−1 DM and ensiling increased degradation of the protein fraction. We concluded that a rapid and effective wilt combined with a bacterial additive resulted in well preserved tropical grass silages.
Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Surface Characteristics after Acidic Challenges

The aim of the present study was to assess by atomic force microscopy (AFM) the surface roughness of a traditional glass ionomer cement- GIC (Fuji IX GP, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and a resin modified glass ionomer cement- RMGIC (Vitremer, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) after different immersion regimes on some acidic drinks. Sixteen cylindrical samples having the height of 5 mm and the thickness of 2 mm were obtained from each material and they were divided into two groups: Group I (Fuji IX samples) and Group II (Vitremer samples). Specimens of each group were then randomly divided into 4 subgroups: subgroup A (control)—15 samples were kept in artificial saliva and in the other three subgroups, each having 15 samples the samples were immersed in Coca-Cola (subgroup B), Cappy lemonade and mint (subgroup C) and Fuzetea (subgroup D) for 7 days (subgroups A1–D1), 14 days (subgroups A2–D2), and 21 days (subgroups A3–D3). AFM qualitative and quantitative surface evaluation (mean value of surface roughness parameter, Sa) of each sample was performed. The highest surface roughness was determined when both materials were submerged 14 days in acidic drinks. Traditional GIC was more affected by acidic environment when comparing to RMGIC.
One hour of internal precooling with cold water/menthol enhances cycling performance in a heat/wet stress environment: A pilot study

The aim of this study was to compare precooling durations before aerobic performance in a heat/ wet stress environment. Seven heat-acclimated and trained male cyclists completed 1-hour time trials in a hot and humid environment. Before each trial, the cyclists drank (1) a neutral beverage at 23°C during the 1-hour pre-exercise resting period (Neutral), (2) an ice-slush/menthol beverage at -1°C during the last 30 min of the resting period (Pre-30), or (3) an ice-slush/menthol beverage at -1°C during the 1-hour pre-exercise resting period (Pre-60). In each condition, the cyclists drank cold water/menthol at 3°C during the exercise. Performance was significantly higher in Pre-60 than in Pre-30 and Neutral conditions (condition effect: F(2,12)=9.50, p=0.003, ηp2=0.61), with no difference between Pre-30 and Neutral. During the resting period, rectal temperature was significantly lower in Pre-60 than in Pre-30 and Neutral (condition effect: F(2,12)=4.48, p=0.035, ηp2=0.43). Thermal comfort and rating of perceived exertion were not affected by conditions, but thermal sensation was positively affected in Pre-60 during the resting period (Friedman condition effect at 40, 45 and 60 minutes: χ2=6.74; df=2; p=0.035; χ2=8.00; df=2; p=0.018; χ2=4.90; df=2; p=0.086, respectively) and exercise (Friedman condition effect at 5 and 60 minutes: χ2=6.62; df=2; p=0.037; χ2=6.50; df=2; p=0.039, respectively). This study shows that 1 hour of precooling with an ice-slush and menthol beverage (1) improved performance in a 1-hour time trial, (2) had a cumulative effect with a cold water/menthol beverage during this exercise, and (3) decreased rectal temperature during the resting period. This precooling method enhances cycling performance in a heat/wet stress environment.
Novel Cyclic Peptides for Targeting EGFR and EGRvIII Mutation for Drug Delivery

The epidermal growth factor–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-EGFR) pathway has become the main focus of selective chemotherapeutic intervention. As a result, two classes of EGFR inhibitors have been clinically approved, namely monoclonal antibodies and small molecule kinase inhibitors. Despite an initial good response rate to these drugs, most patients develop drug resistance. Therefore, new treatment approaches are needed. In this work, we aimed to find a new EGFR-specific, short cyclic peptide, which could be used for targeted drug delivery. Phage display peptide technology and biopanning were applied to three EGFR expressing cells, including cells expressing the EGFRvIII mutation. DNA from the internalized phage was extracted and the peptide inserts were sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Eleven peptides were selected for further investigation using binding, internalization, and competition assays, and the results were confirmed by confocal microscopy and peptide docking. Among these eleven peptides, seven showed specific and selective binding and internalization into EGFR positive (EGFR+ve) cells, with two of them—P6 and P9—also demonstrating high specificity for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and glioblastoma cells, respectively. These peptides were chemically conjugated to camptothecin (CPT). The conjugates were more cytotoxic to EGFR+ve cells than free CPT. Our results describe a novel cyclic peptide, which can be used for targeted drug delivery to cells overexpressing the EGFR and EGFRvIII mutation.
Saussure’s Cours and the Monosyllabic Myth: the perception of Chinese in early linguistic theory

ABSTRACT Ferdinand de Saussure’s Cours de linguistique générale reproduced a misconception of Chinese as a monosyllabic language without complex words. In this paper, we investigate the sources of this misconception in Western thought. We also show that the misconception about Chinese was already known to be inaccurate in Saussure’s time, and that he had many missed opportunities to find out. While Saussure reproduced the empirical errors of Comparatists and Neogrammarians with respect to Chinese, he moved away from the cultural prejudices and attitudes that were behind their claims. This turn, we argue, illustrates an important aspect of the Saussurean scientific revolution, which was fuelled more by fundamental conceptual changes than by empirical discoveries.
Stress Among University Students in Osun State, Nigeria

Background: Stress is an unavoidable fraction of existence that generally reaches a broad spectrum of population groups with no concern for their age, gender, educational status, or socioeconomic status. University students undergo several educational, environmental, social, and psychological adjustment problems in the modern campus environment, influencing their psychosocial well-being and learning outcomes. This study focuses on examining the stress level of university students in Osun State. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to assess the level of stress experienced by university students in Osun State. Method: A cross-sectional survey was used to study 111 University students in Osun State with the aid of Google Form (an online data collection tool). Questionnaire was used to find out the level of stress among students using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) which is a ten-item questionnaire that measures the degree to which life situations are appraised as stressful. Result: Findings suggest that majority of the students reported a moderate level of stress. The causes of social, academic, physical, and psychological stress showed that Social Stress (6.14) and Academic Stress (8.05) had higher mean score compared to Physical (5.08) and Psychological Stress (3.44). Conclusion: Stress among students can result in defective judgment, absenteeism self-medication, and addiction to substances like smoking cigarettes, and alcohol drinking. Persistent susceptibility to stressful situations leads to deterioration of academic performance, poor relationship with friends and family members, loss of memory, and severe health problems. To achieve an improved mental well-being, university decision makers should provide an enabling physiological, psychological, social, and academic environment coupled with counselling to reduce student’s stress. Key words: Stress, Stressors, Stress factors, University students .