Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Planck Telescope

In this paper we present an overview of the Telescope designed for ESA’s mission dedicated to map the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies and Polarization. Two instrument, LFI and HFI, operate in an overall frequency range between 25 and 900 GHz and share the focal region of the 1.5 meter optimized aplanatic telescope. The optimization techniques adopted for the optical design and the telescope characteristic are reported and discussed.
Halo concentrations in the standard LCDM cosmology

We study the concentration of dark matter halos and its evolution in N-body simulations of the standard LCDM cosmology. The results presented in this paper are based on 4 large N-body simulations with about 10 billion particles each: the Millennium-I and II, Bolshoi, and MultiDark simulations. The MultiDark (or BigBolshoi) simulation is introduced in this paper. This suite of simulations with high mass resolution over a large volume allows us to compute with unprecedented accuracy the concentration over a large range of scales (about six orders of magnitude in mass), which constitutes the state-of-the-art of our current knowledge on this basic property of dark matter halos in the LCDM cosmology. We find that there is consistency among the different simulation data sets. We confirm a novel feature for halo concentrations at high redshifts: a flattening and upturn with increasing mass. The concentration c(M,z) as a function of mass and the redshift and for different cosmological parameters shows a remarkably complex pattern. However, when expressed in terms of the linear rms fluctuation of the density field sigma(M,z), the halo concentration c(sigma) shows a nearly-universal simple U-shaped behaviour with a minimum at a well defined scale at sigma=0.71. Yet, some small dependences with redshift and cosmology still remain. At the high-mass end (sigma < 1) the median halo kinematic profiles show large signatures of infall and highly radial orbits. This c-sigma(M,z) relation can be accurately parametrized and provides an analytical model for the dependence of concentration on halo mass. When applied to galaxy clusters, our estimates of concentrations are substantially larger -- by a factor up to 1.5 -- than previous results from smaller simulations, and are in much better agreement with results of observations. (abridged)
Virus DNA Vaccine in Nonhuman Primates by Gene Electrotransfer of a Hepatitis C Modulation of the Immune Response Induced

Induction of multispeciﬁc, functional CD4 (cid:1) and CD8 (cid:1) T cells is the immunological hallmark of acute self-limiting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in humans. In the present study, we showed that gene electrotransfer (GET) of a novel candidate DNA vaccine encoding an optimized version of the nonstructural region of HCV (from NS3 to NS5B) induced substantially more potent, broad, and long-lasting CD4 (cid:1) and CD8 (cid:1) cellular immunity than naked DNA injection in mice and in rhesus macaques as measured by a combination of assays, including IFN- (cid:2) ELISPOT, intracellular cytokine staining, and cytotoxic T cell assays. A protocol based on three injections of DNA with GET induced a substantially higher CD4 (cid:1) T cell response than an adenovirus 6-based viral vector encoding the same Ag. To better evaluate the immunological potency and probability of success of this vaccine, we have immunized two chimpanzees and have compared vaccine-induced cell-mediated immunity to that measured in acute self-limiting infection in humans. GET of the candidate HCV vaccine led to vigorous, multispeciﬁc IFN- (cid:2) (cid:1) CD8 (cid:1) and CD4 (cid:1) T lymphocyte
Geometric and algebraic properties of polyomino tilings

In this thesis we study tilings of regions on the square grid by polyominoes. A polyomino is any connected shape formed from a union of grid cells, and a tiling of a region is a collection of polyominoes lying in the region such that each square is covered exactly once. In particular, we focus on two main themes: local connectivity and tile invariants. Given a set of tiles T and a finite set L of local replacement moves, we say that a region Γ has local connectivity with respect to T and L if it is possible to convert any tiling of Γ into any other by means of these moves. If R is a set of regions (such as the set of all simply connected regions), then we say there is a local move property for T and R if there exists a finite set of moves L such that every Γ in R has local connectivity with respect to T and L. We use height function techniques to prove local move properties for several new tile sets. In addition, we provide explicit counterexamples to show the absence of a local move property for a number of tile sets where local move properties were conjectured to hold. We also provide several new results concerning tile invariants. If we let ai(τ) denote the number of occurrences of the tile ti in a tiling τ of a region Γ, then a tile invariant is a linear combination of the ai’s whose value depends only on Γ and not on τ . We modify the boundary-word technique of Conway and Lagarias to prove tile invariants for several new sets of tiles and provide specific examples to show that the invariants we obtain are the best possible. In addition, we prove some new enumerative results, relating certain tiling problems to Baxter permutations, the Tutte polynomial, and alternating-sign matrices. Thesis Supervisor: Igor Pak Title: Assistant Professor of Mathematics
Kottwitz-Rapoport conjecture on unions of affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties

In this paper, we prove a conjecture of Kottwitz and Rapoport on a union of (generalized) affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties $X(\mu, b)_J$ for any tamely ramified group $G$ and its parahoric subgroup $P_J$. We show that $X(\mu, b)_J \neq \emptyset$ if and only if the group-theoretic version of Mazur's inequality is satisfied. In the process, we obtain a generalization of Grothendieck's conjecture on the closure relation of $\s$-conjugacy classes of a twisted loop group.
The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. XXVI. The Calibration of Population II Secondary Distance Indicators and the Value of the Hubble Constant

A Cepheid-based calibration is derived for four distance indicators that utilize stars in old stellar populations: the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB), the planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF), the globular cluster luminosity function (GCLF), and the surface brightness fluctuation method (SBF). The calibration is largely based on the Cepheid distances to 18 spiral galaxies within cz = 1500 km s-1 obtained as part of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, but relies also on Cepheid distances from separate HST and ground-based efforts. The newly derived calibration of the SBF method is applied to obtain distances to four Abell clusters in the velocity range 3800-5000 km s-1. Combined with cluster velocities corrected for a cosmological flow model, these distances imply a value of the Hubble constant of H0 = 69 ± 4 (random) ± 6 (systematic) km s-1 Mpc-1. This result assumes that the Cepheid PL relation is independent of the metallicity of the variable stars; adopting a metallicity correction as in Kennicutt et al. would produce a 5% ± 3% decrease in H0. Finally, the newly derived calibration allows us to investigate systematics in the Cepheid, PNLF, SBF, GCLF, and TRGB distance scales.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for univalent functions

Let 𝒜 be the class of analytic functions in the unit disc with the normalization f (0) = f ′(0) − 1 = 0. This article analyses various necessary and sufficient coefficient conditions for functions f ∈ 𝒜 of the form to be univalent. We present an interesting class of univalent functions associated with the zeta function and also pose an open problem.
ON WEIGHTED PORTMANTEAU TESTS FOR TIME‐SERIES GOODNESS‐OF‐FIT

Recent work in the literature has shown weighted variants of the classic portmanteau test for time series can be more powerful in many situations. In this article, we study the asymptotic distribution of weighted sums of the squared residual autocorrelations where both the sample size n and maximum lag of the statistic m grow large. Several weighting schemes are introduced, including a data‐adaptive statistic in which the weights are determined by a function of the sample partial autocorrelations. These statistics can provide more power than other portmanteau tests found in the literature and are much less sensitive to the choice of the maximum correlation lag. The efficacy of the proposed methods is further demonstrated through an analysis of Australian red wine sales.
University of Birmingham What's a SNP between friends

influence on ABSTRACT Clostridium dif ﬁ cile is a major cause of antibiotic induced diarrhea worldwide, responsible for signi ﬁ cant annual mortalities and represents a considerable economic burden on healthcare systems. The two main C. dif ﬁ cile virulence factors are toxins A and B. Isogenic toxin B mutants of 2 independently isolated erythromycin-sensitive derivatives (630E and 630 D erm ) of strain 630 were previously shown to exhibit substantively different phenotypes. Compared to 630, strain 630E and its progeny grow slower, achieve lower ﬁ nal cell densities, exhibit a reduced capacity for spore-formation, produce lower levels of toxin and are less virulent in the hamster infection model. By the same measures, strain 630 D erm and its derivatives more closely mirror the behavior of 630. Genome sequencing revealed that 630 D erm had acquired 7 unique Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) compared to 630 and 630E, while 630E had 9 SNPs and a DNA inversion not found in the other 2 strains. The relatively large number of mutations meant that the identi ﬁ cation of those responsible for the altered properties of 630E was not possible, despite the restoration of 3 mutations to wildtype by allelic exchange and comparative RNAseq analysis of all 3 strains. The latter analysis revealed large differences in gene expression between the 3 strains, explaining in part why no single SNP could restore the phenotypic differences. Our ﬁ ndings suggest that strain 630 D erm should be favored over 630E as a surrogate for 630 in genetic-based studies. They also underline the importance of effective strain curation and the need to genome re-sequence master seed banks wherever possible.
Theoretical analysis and performance prediction of tracking in clutter with strongest neighbor filters

A simple and commonly used method for tracking in clutter is the so-called strongest neighbor filter (SNF), which uses the "strongest neighbor" measurement, that is, the one with the strongest intensity (amplitude) in the neighborhood of the predicted target measurement, as if it were the true one. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, the following theoretical results of tracking in clutter with SNF are derived: the a priori probabilities of data association events and the one-step prediction of the matrix mean square error conditioned on these events. Secondly, a technique for prediction without recourse to expensive Monte Carlo simulation of the performance of SNF is presented. This technique can quantify the dynamic process of tracking divergence as well as the steady state performance. The technique is a new development along the line of the recently developed general approach prediction of algorithms with both continuous and discrete uncertainties.
International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research

Indonesia is one of the world’s largest exporters of tuna, seaweed, and other fishery products, but the national seafood industry is characterized by high-volume/low-value commodity production. Potential large gains can be made by enhancing the competitiveness and value-added of products. Development policy for fishery industrial development must be adapted to the growth and dynamics of the political, social, economic and regional autonomy demands. This paper discusses some of the region's role in fishery development, decentralization and globally as typology conformity of regions, local resource management, levels of hierarchy and coordination and institutional capacity in the implementation of various efforts towards the development of industry-based inter-regional balance.
The New Wedge-Shaped Hubble Diagram of 398 SCP Supernovae According to the Expansion Center Model

Following the successful dipole test on 53 SCP SNe Ia presented at SAIt2004 in Milan, this 9th contribution to the ECM series beginning in 1999 in Naples (43th SAIt meeting: "Revolutions in Astronomy") deals with the construction of the new wedge-shaped Hubble diagram obtained with 398 supernovae of the SCP Union Compilation (Kowalski et al. 2008) by applying a calculated correlation between SNe Ia absolute blue magnitude MB and central redshift z0, according to the expansion center model. The ECM distance D of the Hubble diagram (cz versus D) is computed as the ratio between the luminosity distance DL and 1 + z. Mathematically D results to be a power series of the light-space r run inside the expanding cosmic medium or Hubble flow; thus its expression is independent of the corresponding z. In addition one can have D = D(z, h) from the ECM Hubble law by using the h convention with an anisotropic HX. It is proposed to the meeting that the wedge-shape of this new Hubble diagram be confirmed independently as mainly due to the ECM dipole anisotropy of the Hubble ratio cz/D.
Outcome-Oriented Predictive Process Monitoring to Predict Unplanned ICU Readmission in MIMIC-IV Database

Unplanned readmission entails unnecessary risks for patients and avoidable waste of medical resources, especially intensive care unit (ICU) readmissions, which increases likelihood of length of stay and more severely mortality. Identifying patients who are likely to suffer unplanned ICU readmission can benefit both patients and hospitals. Readmission is typically predicted by statistical features extracted from completed ICU stays. The development of predictive process monitoring (PPM) technique aims to learn from complete traces and predict the outcome of ongoing ones. In this paper, we adopt PPM to view ICU stay from electronic health record (EHR) as a continuous process trace to enable us to discover clinical and also process features to predict likelihood of readmission. Using events logs extracted from MIMIC-IV database, the results show that our approach can achieve up to 65% accuracy during the early stage of each ICU stay and demonstrate the feasibility of applying PPM to unplanned ICU readmission prediction.
On the definition and examples of Finsler metrics

For a standard Finsler metric F on a manifold M, its domain is the whole tangent bundle TM and its fundamental tensor g is positive-definite. However, in many cases (for example, the well-known Kropina and Matsumoto metrics), these two conditions are relaxed, obtaining then either a pseudo-Finsler metric (with arbitrary g) or a conic Finsler metric (with domain a "conic" open domain of TM). Our aim is twofold. First, to give an account of quite a few subtleties which appear under such generalizations, say, for conic pseudo-Finsler metrics (including, as a previous step, the case of Minkowski conic pseudo-norms on an affine space). Second, to provide some criteria which determine when a pseudo-Finsler metric F obtained as a general homogeneous combination of Finsler metrics and one-forms is again a Finsler metric ---or, with more accuracy, the conic domain where g remains positive definite. Such a combination generalizes the known (alpha,beta)-metrics in different directions. Remarkably, classical examples of Finsler metrics are reobtained and extended, with explicit computations of their fundamental tensors.
The Three-Body Problem: Author index

1. Astrophysics and three-body problem 2. Newtonian mechanics 3. Two-body problem 4. Hamiltonian mechanics 5. The planar restricted circular three body problem and other special cases 6. Three-body scattering 7. Escape in the general three body problem 8. Scattering and capture in the general problem 9. Perturbations in hierarchical systems 10. Perurbations in strong three-body encounters 11. Some astrophysical problems.
Characteristics of the motions, turbulence intensity, diffusivity, flux of momentum and sensible heat in the upper atmosphere

Analyses of the meteorological rocket data obtained from an experiment conducted at 3-hour intervals at 8 western meridional rocket stations are presented. Large variations in the meridional wind contribute substantially to overall turbulence in the tropical stratosphere. The solar semidiurnal component of wind oscillations in the tropics was observed to be much higher than predicted by theory, often exceeding the magnitude of the diurnal amplitude throughout the stratosphere. The observed value of the solar diurnal amplitude in the stratosphere was in line with theoretical prediction. The solar terdiurnal amplitudes for temperature, meridional and zonal winds were non-negligible and must be considered in any harmonic analysis. Phase angle variation with height was rapid for all harmonics; however, there was general agreement between predicted and observed phase angles. Because of large changes in the mean winds in the mesosphere with season, harmonic determinations are difficult. There appear to be large zonal wind changes even within the same season as mentioned previously. Turbulence diffusivity in the upper stratosphere is greater near the equator than in the mid-latitudes.
Physics of ultrasonic wave propagation in bone and heart characterized using Bayesian parameter estimation

This Dissertation explores the physics underlying the propagation of ultrasonic waves in bone and in heart tissue through the use of Bayesian probability theory. Quantitative ultrasound is a noninvasive modality used for clinical detection, characterization, and evaluation of bone quality and cardiovascular disease. Approaches that extend the state of knowledge of the physics underpinning the interaction of ultrasound with inherently inhomogeneous and isotropic tissue have the potential to enhance its clinical utility. Simulations of fast and slow compressional wave propagation in cancellous bone were carried out to demonstrate the plausibility of a proposed explanation for the widely reported anomalous negative dispersion in cancellous bone. The results showed that negative dispersion could arise from analysis that proceeded under the assumption that the data consist of only a single ultrasonic wave, when in fact two overlapping and interfering waves are present. The confounding effect of overlapping fast and slow waves was addressed by applying Bayesian parameter estimation to simulated data, to experimental data acquired on bone-mimicking phantoms, and to data acquired in vitro on cancellous bone. The
The meshless method (MLPG) for domain & BIE discretizations

This monograph is a sequel to: " The Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) Method", by S. N. Atluri, and S. Shen, published in 2002. In the intervening two years, much has been accomplished by a number of researchers world-wide, in the further development & application of the meshless method (MLPG) to problems in three-dimensional solid mechanics, beams, plates and shells; and in the seamless modeling of multi-scale phenomena in nano and micro engineering. In addition to providing a summary of these accomplishments, an important feature of the current comprehensive monograph is the presentation of meshless methods to discretize the boundary-integral-equations in mechanics. Thus, the present monograph presents, for the first time, a detailed summary of research on the next generation of computational methods in engineering & the sciences, that go beyond the mesh-based finite-element & boundary-element methods that were so successfully developed in the final two decades of the last century.
An incremental theory of double edge diffraction

A novel general procedure for defining incremental field contributions for double diffraction at a pair of perfectly conducting (PEC) wedges in an arbitrary configuration is presented. The new formulation provides an accurate first‐order asymptotic description of the interaction between two edges, which is valid both for skewed separate wedges and for edges joined by a common PEC face. It also includes a double incremental slope diffraction augmentation, which provides the correct dominant high‐frequency incremental contribution at grazing aspect of incidence and observation. This new formulation is obtained by applying to both edges, the wedge‐shaped incremental dyadic diffraction coefficients for single edge diffraction. The total doubly diffracted field is obtained from a double spatial integration along each of the two edges on which consecutive diffractions occur. It is found that this distributed field representation precisely recovers the doubly diffracted field predicted by the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) and that may be applied to complement ray field methods close to and at caustics. It can be applied as well in all those situations in which a stationary phase condition is not yet well established. Numerical examples are presented and compared with those calculated from both Method of Moment solution and second‐order UTD ray techniques. Excellent agreement was found in all cases examined.
improving of bowling in

This study examined physiological and performance effects of pre-cooling on medium-fast bowling in the heat. Ten, medium-fast bowlers completed two randomized trials involving either cooling (mixed-methods) or control (no cooling) interventions before a 6-over bowling spell in 31.9±2.1°C and 63.5±9.3% relative humidity. Measures included bowling performance (ball speed, accuracy and run-up speeds), physical characteristics (global positioning system monitoring and counter-movement jump height), physiological (heart rate, core temperature, skin temperature and sweat loss), biochemical (serum concentrations of damage, stress and inflammation) and perceptual variables (perceived exertion and thermal sensation). Mean ball speed (114.5±7.1 vs. 114.1±7.2 km . h -1 ; P =0.63; d=0.09), accuracy (43.1±10.6 vs. 44.2±12.5 AU; P =0.76; d=0.14) or total run-up speed (19.1±4.1 vs. 19.3±3.8 km . h -1 ; P =0.66; d=0.06) did not differ between pre-cooling and control respectively; however 20-m sprint speed between overs was 5.9±7.3% greater at Over 4 after pre-cooling ( P =0.03; d=0.75). Pre-cooling reduced skin temperature after the intervention period ( P =0.006; d=2.28), core temperature and pre-over heart rates throughout ( P =0.01-0.04; d=0.96-1.74) and sweat loss by 0.4±0.3 kg ( P =0.01; d=0.34). Mean rating of perceived exertion and thermal sensation were lower during pre-cooling trials ( P =0.004-0.03; d=0.77-3.13). Despite no observed improvement in bowling performance, precooling maintained between-over sprint speeds and blunted physiological and perceptual demands to ease the thermoregulatory demands of medium-fast bowling in hot conditions.