Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Self-efficacy, Standard Precaution Knowledge, Awareness on Performance of Nursing Students

This study examined the effects of self-efficacy, standard precaution knowledge, and awareness on the performance of nursing students. Data collection was May 1-30, 2019, and the final 246 replies were used for analysis. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program using descriptive statics and a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The average self-efficacy score was 3.23±0.39. The overall standard precaution knowledge, average awareness, and average performance were 15.87±2.17, 4.63±0.46, and 4.73±0.32, respectively. The standard precaution performance, according to the general characteristics, was not significant. A positive correlation was observed between the standard precaution performance and self-efficacy (r=.266, p<.001) and awareness (r=.435, p<.001). Regression analysis showed a 21.3% variance in the nursing student's standard precaution performance with self-efficacy (β=.396, p<.001), awareness (β=.180, p=.002). A follow-up survey of the factors influencing nursing student's standard precaution performance and the development of a program will be required.
Evaluation of Lycopersicon germ plasm for tomato spotted wilt tospovirus resistance by mechanical and thrips transmission

Selected tomato germ plasm representing eight Lycopersicon species and five cultivars of L. esculentum was evaluated for resistance to a Hawaiian isolate of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (formerly designated TSWV-L). A comparison of mechanical and thrips inoculation of TSWV across these accessions demonstrated that the two inoculation methods provide different evaluations of tomato germ plasm. Mechanical inoculation was useful in identifying direct TSWV resistance, such as virus replication and translocation. In contrast, thrips inoculation was most useful in identifying insect-mediated components of TSWV resistance, such as those associated with changes in feeding behavior
Stochastic vector difference equations with stationary coefficients

We give a unified presentation of stability results for stochastic vector difference equations based on various choices of binary operations and , assuming that are stationary and ergodic. In the scalar case, under standard addition and multiplication, the key condition for stability is E [log |A 0|] < 0. In the generalizations, the condition takes the form γ< 0, where γis the limit of a subadditive process associated with . Under this and mild additional conditions, the process has a unique finite stationary distribution to which it converges from all initial conditions. The variants of standard matrix algebra we consider replace the operations + and × with (max, +), (max,×), (min, +), or (min,×). In each case, the appropriate stability condition parallels that for the standard recursions, involving certain subadditive limits. Since these limits are difficult to evaluate, we provide bounds, thus giving alternative, computable conditions for stability.
Are functional, emotional and social values interrelated? A study of traditional guesthouses in Iran

This study aims to examine the interrelationships between the dimensions of perceived value, including functional, emotional and social values. The mediating role of emotional value between functional and social values and satisfaction have been hypothesized and tested. In addition, this study examines the moderating role of social value for the effect of emotional value on satisfaction. ,Data for this study were collected from guests staying at two traditional guesthouses in Kashan, Iran. The authors applied partial least squares structural equation modeling to analyze 316 questionnaires completed by participants and for hypotheses testing. ,The authors found positive and direct effects of all dimensions of perceived value on satisfaction. Moreover, the results indicated positive and significant indirect effects for functional and social values on satisfaction through emotional value. The findings demonstrated positive and strong effects of functional and social values on emotional value. The results do not support a moderating role for social value on the relationship between emotional value and satisfaction. In addition, the findings showed a strong and positive effect for satisfaction on revisit intentions. ,This study makes a unique theoretical contribution to the perceived value literature by investigating the interrelationships between dimensions of perceived value. Moreover, this study explores several practical implications of these findings.
High resolution mapping of active faults and earthquakes using topography derived from lidar

We investigate shallow slip in the 4 April 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah (Mexico) earthquake using threedimensional surface deformation computed from preand post-event airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) topography. Focusing on the northern part of the rupture zone, we seek to resolve a discrepancy between fault models based upon field observations, which implicate low-angle, NEdipping detachment faults, and those based upon space geodetic and seismological data, which support slip on sub-vertical structures. By resolving the three-dimensional lidar displacements into vertical, fault trace-parallel (NWor SE-directed) and fault trace-normal (NEor SW-directed) components, we are able to test these models explicitly. Along most of the fault trace, we find that the vertical throw accommodated by the surface rupture far exceeds the extensional heave, indicating that coseismic faulting at depth is steeply-dipping. However, the heave exceeds the throw along a short (<5 km) section of the Paso Superior fault, hinting that a low-angle structure may have been reactivated locally, at least within the relatively narrow extents of the lidar footprint. The differencing methods developed as part of this award exploit airborne lidar in this instance, but in principal could be applied to any kind of high-resolution topography data, including those generated by state-of-the-art satellite or aerial stereo-photogrammetric methods.
Study of the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the Middle and Lower Cheliff (Algeria)

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to identify homogeneous rainfall regions and to study the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the Cheliff basin using the regional vector method and the statistical approach (Pettitt test, Lee Heghinian test and Hubert segmentation) and the geostatistic approach (inverse distance weighting method). In terms of results, the regional vector method highlighted six (6) homogeneous rainfall regions. The downward trend occurred in the study area in 1972, affecting a few coastal stations. In 1976, this decline extended to the South West and throughout the coastal region. In 1980, the drop covered the entire basin. This decline has resulted in an estimated deficit of 30 % on average in the eastern region, the coastal region and the Mina. However, the central part of the basin experienced a 20 % decrease compared to the period before the break (1968–1980). The same spatial irregularity in rainfall was observed during the pre-break and post-break periods (1981–2010). On the other hand, throughout the basin, the areas corresponding to the rainfall ranges identified during the 1968–1980 period experienced an average decrease of 100 mm during the post-break period, except in the eastern region, where the decrease exceeded 200 mm.
Chemical constituents of Veronica ciliate,as a psychrophyte from Northwest China

Eight compounds have been isolated by means of silica gel column chromatography (CC),prepatative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) and recrystallization etc.from the liposoluble constituents of Veronica ciliate Fisch (Scrophulariaceae). Their structures were elucidated as five iridoid glycosides and three derivatives of benzoic acid by spectroscopic data,such as1HNMR,13CNMR,DEPT,etc.The plant was a psychrophyte and high altitude plant,collected from a mountain slope of an altitude of 3 700~3 800 m in Huzhu County,Qinghai Province.Its chemical constituents are first reported here. 
COMPARATIVE ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF SEED GERMINATION IN TWO PAIRS OF CLOSELY RELATED PINES OF MEDITERRANEAN AND HIMALAYAN ORIGINS

In this study we have examined the comparative ecophysiology of seed germination in two pairs of related pines of Mediterranean and Himalayan origins. One pair comprises Pinus canariensis and Pinus roxburghii, and the second Pinus peuce and Pinus wallichiana. Each pair has close taxonomic and morphological affinities. We have observed considerable differences among these pines about their germination behaviour. Seed germination of Pinus canariensis was feasible within a range of 15-20°C both under light and darkness, while the optimum germination of Pinus roxburghii was achievable at 25°C under white light. Germination rate of Pinus roxburghii was significantly enhanced under white light. A brief red light pulse resulted in promoting germination in Pinus roxburghii; however, the enhancing effect of red light was reversed by a brief far-red pulse; which indicated the mediation of phytochrome system in seed germination. Pinus peuce seeds were deeply dormant and required an extended period of stratification in order to come out of dormancy. Pinus wallichiana seeds were less dormant as compared to Pinus peuce, 30 d stratification or incubation under white light resulted in overcoming the dormancy.
The player-reed interaction during note transitions in the clarinet

When playing woodwind instruments, most of the player’s control over the instrument takes place inside the player’s mouth. Blowing pressure, tonguing strategies, embouchure and vocal tract configuration are modified during playing to perform expressively. Aiming at analysing the player’s actions at the note transitions, an experiment with eleven clarinet players was carried out. The mouth pressure, the mouthpiece pressure and the reed oscillation were recorded in order to track blowing and tonguing actions and to identify vocal tract adjustments. The paper shows that the players adapt tonguing and blowing actions according to the dynamics and to the articulation style (legato, staccato). Similar patterns in the blowing technique are observed among most of the players, and some particular effects are described. The attack and the release transients are found to vary with blowing pressure. Moreover the release transients depend on the tonguing technique used to play articulation.
Effects of rater accountability on the accuracy and the favorability of performance ratings.

The authors tested the effects of holding raters accountable for their performance ratings on the accuracy and the favorability ofthose ratings. Undergraduate research participants (N = 247) completed an inbasket exercise and observed a videotaped simulation during 2 sessions over a 2-week period. The simulation presented performance information on 4 simulated subordinates portrayed through videotaped vignettes. True performance scores were manipulated by varying the proportion of positive and negative performance vignettes presented for each subordinate. Participants who were made to feel accountable by having to justify their ratings to the experimenter in writing rated their simulated subordinates more accurately. In another experimental condition, accountable raters who were told their subordinates' previous performance ratings were too low rated their subordinates more favorably than did raters in the same experimental condition who were not accountable.
THE ECOLOGY OF LOUGH INE. XV. THE ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SHELL AND BODY FORMS IN NUCELLA

The gastropod Nucella lapillus (L.) is abundant between tidemarks on many rocky shores, where it feeds mainly on mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) and on barnacles. The form of the shell varies (Moore 1936); on the open coast at Carrigathorna, near Lough Ine, the shells are wider and thinner than in the Lough Ine Rapids (Ebling, Kitching, Muntz & Taylor 1964). We do not know to what extent these differences are determined by
Motivational and Informational Functions and Consequences of Children's Attention to Peers' Work.

Two studies (331 children ages 9-11) examined the proposal that the functions served by children's attention to peers' work differ both in their informational focus (whether children seek information either to improve their products or to evaluate their ability) and in their goal focus (whether information seeking serves either mastery or performance achievement strivings). In both studies responses to a self-report measure of reasons for looking at peers' work supported this hypothesis. Study 2 also examined the effect of a mastery versus a performance goal condition on reasons for looking at peers' work, subsequent information seeking, and interest in the task. Goal condition affected goal, but not informational, functions of looking at peers' work. Both goal condition and individual differences in endorsement of mastery versus performance reasons predicted later information seeking and interest. Implications for social comparison theory and for classroom learning and motivation are discussed.
USE OF VISUAL COVER ASSESSMENTS AS QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATORS OF SOME BRITISH WOODLAND TAXA

SUMMARY (1) Ten observers made visual estimates of plant cover on a series of 4 m2, 50 m2 and 200 m2 quadrats in a woodland. (2) Mean cover values from the ten observers corresponded reasonably closely with point quadrat estimates of cover for most species in the 4 m2 quadrats. (3) For all taxa, significant differences occurred between the estimates of different observers at all quadrat sizes. Using an observer drawn at random, 90% confidence intervals were in the range + 10-20% cover. The corresponding range for an individual repeating an estimate on the same quadrat was + 5-15% cover. (4) Variability between observers was usually lowest when estimating broad-leaved species and highest with fine-leaved species and bryophytes. (5) Observers differed in the consistency with which they tended to under- or over-estimate cover in relation both to species and to quadrat size; this consistency was not correlated with experience. (6) The biases of different observers for a particular species and quadrat size were sufficiently consistent that the use of mean bias correction factors brought about clear gains in the precision of cover estimates for most species.
CHERRIES, ANTS AND TENT CATERPILLARS: TIMING OF NECTAR PRODUCTION IN RELATION TO SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CATERPILLARS TO ANT PREDATION1

The North American black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh. , has extrafloral nectaries which are most active during the first 3 wk after budbreak. These nectaries attract large numbers of the ant Formica obscuripes Forel, especially to trees within ? 20 m of an ant colony. The average number of ant visits per bud is highest just after budbreak, decreasing as the number of active extrafloral nectaries decreases. These ants are predacious on many species of insects found on P. serotina, including the eastern tent caterpillar, Malacosoma americanum Fabricius, the major defo- liator of black cherry. Formica obscuripes is only able to prey upon M. americanum within ~3 wk of budbreak, after which time, tent caterpillar larvae are large enough that most escape ant predation. Tent caterpillar survivorship was found to be positively related to distance from colonies of F. obscuripes. It is suggested that the ant-cherry relationship is a facultative mutualism and that nectar production is timed so as to maximize the chance of successful ant predation on tent-caterpillar colonies.
Institutional Logics, Gender, and Advertising Within a Culture in Transition: Examining Strategies of Advertising Professionals in Turkey for Managing Institutional Complexity

Advertisers face longstanding challenges—perhaps more acute under shifting cultural and gender forces such as the global #metoo movement—in creating gendered messages. This research builds on work at the intersection of gender, advertising and institutions, which bridges macro and micro issues faced by advertising professionals, to explore the unique East-West context of Turkey. Using institutional theory as a lens to examine a context in transition, this research illustrates how macro forces permeate four logics from which advertising professionals draw, specifically logics of: gender roles, power, duality, and risk. It further identifies strategies that advertising professionals utilize to manage increasing institutional complexity when creating gendered messages amidst competing logics. This study contributes to an understanding of how advertising professionals engage in institutional work within broader macro realities and the impact this has on the creation of gendered messages in society. Implications for consumer welfare, particularly regarding gender relations, are offered.
Gender and Racial Differences in Awareness and Consideration of Curricular Programs: Exploring a Multistage Model of Major Choice

One method for reducing gender and racial segregation in career fields is addressing sorting by major in college. However, previous research has not examined the full process of major sorting; few studies have explicitly explored the majors of which students are aware or the majors that students consider choosing. In this study, we use survey data from community college students to examine differences in the size and composition of awareness and consideration sets of groups of students. We find significant differences in the size of awareness sets and the composition of consideration sets in our sample. Applying the methodological advances from this study could help college administrators identify key opportunities, in timing or methodology, for supporting and guiding students’ decisions.
Prevalence of Ocular Demodicosis and Ocular Surface Conditions in Patients Selected for Cataract Surgery

The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of ocular demodicosis and ocular surface conditions in patients selected for cataract surgery. Eyelashes from 73 patients selected for cataract surgery were evaluated at ×40 and ×100 magnification using light microscopy. The anterior segment was assessed with the slit lamp. Additionally, Schirmer I and break up time (BUT) tests were carried out before surgery and 1 and 3 months postoperatively. A specially designed questionnaire containing e.g., information about chronic skin and eye diseases, previous ophthalmic surgeries, and patient’s hygiene habits was used to assess the demographic variables. A majority of patients were at the age of 70–79 years, and there were more females (83%) in the study group. Demodex folliculorum was found in 48% of the patients. There was a correlation between the number of parasites and the presence of blepharitis, discharge at eyelid margins, and conjunctival hyperemia. Schirmer I and BUT test results were lower in patients with Demodex infestation before and after cataract surgery. The higher number of mites was correlated with lower Schirmer I test results postoperatively. The presence of Demodex mites influences the conjunctiva and lid margins leading to inflammation. The higher number of Demodex mites disturbs the tear film over time after cataract surgery.
Impact of solid cancer on in-hospital mortality overall and among different subgroups of patients with COVID-19: a nationwide, population-based analysis

Background Cancer seems to have an independent adverse prognostic effect on COVID-19-related mortality, but uncertainty exists regarding its effect across different patient subgroups. We report a population-based analysis of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 with prior or current solid cancer versus those without cancer. Methods We analysed data of adult patients registered until 24 May 2020 in the Belgian nationwide database of Sciensano. The primary objective was in-hospital mortality within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis among patients with solid cancer versus patients without cancer. Severe event occurrence, a composite of intensive care unit admission, invasive ventilation and/or death, was a secondary objective. These endpoints were analysed across different patient subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between cancer and clinical characteristics (baseline analysis) and the effect of cancer on in-hospital mortality and on severe event occurrence, adjusting for clinical characteristics (in-hospital analysis). Results A total of 13 594 patients (of whom 1187 with solid cancer (8.7%)) were evaluable for the baseline analysis and 10 486 (892 with solid cancer (8.5%)) for the in-hospital analysis. Patients with cancer were older and presented with less symptoms/signs and lung imaging alterations. The 30-day in-hospital mortality was higher in patients with solid cancer compared with patients without cancer (31.7% vs 20.0%, respectively; adjusted OR (aOR) 1.34; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.58). The aOR was 3.84 (95% CI 1.94 to 7.59) among younger patients (<60 years) and 2.27 (95% CI 1.41 to 3.64) among patients without other comorbidities. Severe event occurrence was similar in both groups (36.7% vs 28.8%; aOR 1.10; 95% CI 0.95 to 1.29). Conclusions This population-based analysis demonstrates that solid cancer is an independent adverse prognostic factor for in-hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19. This adverse effect was more pronounced among younger patients and those without other comorbidities. Patients with solid cancer should be prioritised in vaccination campaigns and in tailored containment measurements.
Prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity among adults in Botswana: A cross-sectional study

Background Botswana is currently undergoing rapid epidemiological transition indicated by a decline in infectious diseases and an increase in chronic non-communicable diseases and their associated risk factors. The main aim of this study was to assess prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity among the adult population in Botswana. Methods A cross-sectional study called Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Study (NCDs study) was conducted in March, 2016. Using multistage cross sectional sampling design, 1178 male and female respondents aged 15 years and above were interviewed across 3 cities and towns, 15 urban villages and 15 rural villages. Participants were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to assess covariates of multimorbidity. The statistical significant level was fixed at p <0 . 05. Results Prevalence of multimorbidity in the sampled population was estimated at 5.4%. Multivariate results indicate that the odds of multimobridty were significantly high among women (AOR = 3.34, 95% C.I. = 1.22–21.3) than men. On the other hand, the odds of multimorbidity were significantly low among young people aged below 24 years (AOR = 0.01, 95% C.I. = 0.00–0.07), currently married people (AOR = 0.24, 95% C.I. = 0.07–0.80) and individuals in the 2nd wealth quintile (AOR = 0.20, 95% C.I. = 0.05–0.75) compared to their counterparts. For behavioural risk factors, alcohol consumption (AOR = 4.80, 95% C.I. = 1.16–19.8) and overweight/obesity (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.12–2.61) were significantly associated with high multimorbidity prevalence. Conclusion Multimorbidity was found to be more prevalent among women, alcohol consumers and overweight/obese people. There is need to strengthen interventions encouraging healthy lifestyles such as non-consumption of alcohol, physical activity and healthy diets. Moreover, there is need for a holistic approach of health care services to meet the needs of those suffering from multimorbidity.