Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How do servant leaders promote radical innovation? The role of organizational learning capability

Through structural equations, this study provides empirical evidence of the positive effect of servant leadership on radical innovation, using organizational learning capability as a mediator variable. The study is based on a sampling frame of 402 Spanish companies, which are characterized by the excellent management of their human resources. 142 different firms participated in the study, and 2 questionnaires were obtained per company. Data were collected between 2010 and 2015. Human resource and innovation managers participated by answering the questionnaires during telephone interviews. All the hypotheses were validated. Servant leadership has a positive effect on organizational learning capability, while the effect of the latter construct on radical innovation is also positive. This study has implications for the literature on leadership, innovation and organizational learning. In addition, it has practical applications, suggesting how to foster innovative organizational performance by improving workplace conditions.
The civic potential of memes and hashtags in the lives of young people

ABSTRACT Young people today are immersed in digital culture: often considered savvy navigators of online ecosystems and adept at using everyday technologies to share, create and express. These technologies are often seen as social and personal tools instead of spaces for meaningful participation. This paper shares the results of an investigation in young people’s attitudes towards popular social communication modalities – memes and hashtags – for civic purposes. The study employs Emerging Citizens: a suite of digital literacy tools and accompanying learning content that teach people of all ages how to critique and create hashtags and memes. This inquiry explores how young people perceive memes and hashtags as relevant avenues for civic expression, and the impact that a digital literacy intervention can have on youth attitudes. An analysis of the student experience using the Emerging Citizens tools and reflection of their creations finds that digital literacy interventions impact young people’s perceptions of popular social modalities for civic impact.
Left Behind? Russia’s Entry Bars and Gender Relations in Tajikistan

Abstract Russia remains the destination of choice for Tajik migrants. Its migration policies have profound implications for migrants’ legal status and capacity to remit and return home. This article draws on ethnographic research in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, and explores how the enforcement of Russia’s immigration laws affects Tajik migrants and their families. By 2016, over 300,000 Tajik migrants were issued entry bars (zapret na v’ezd) for three or more years for two or more administrative offenses, including the lack of a work permit or a residential registration and a traffic violation. Migration and the transnational lifestyle increase agency among Tajik men and women, informing gender transformations. Entry bars produce temporary constraints to spatial and social mobility as migrants readjust to well-defined gender roles in their home country. We note how immigration laws affect men and women in different ways, contextualizing the gendered effects of entry bars through the lens of gender relations and understandings of masculinity and femininity in Tajikistan. We argue that the constraints to migrants’ mobility developed by Russian migration policies inform the reconstitution of gender relations in Tajikistan.
Climate change and bird migration in south-eastern Australia

Abstract Changes in the timing of migration of birds in relation to climate change have received considerable attention in the northern hemisphere but there have been few studies in Australia. We examined a dataset of first arrival and last departure dates for breeding and non-breeding migrants at Blaxland, west of Sydney, from 1980 to 2011, for temporal trends and for relationships with climatic variables. The 16 species whose arrival dates were analysed have been arriving, on average, 4.4 days earlier per decade. Six species are now arriving significantly earlier than in the 1980s and no species is arriving significantly later. Trends in departure dates (13 species analysed) and length of stay at Blaxland (10 species analysed) varied more. Two species are now departing significantly earlier and one species is departing significantly later. Two species have increased their length of stay and two species have reduced their length of stay. Significant relationships with climatic variables were found mainly between arrival dates and temperature, especially minimum temperature. Six species showed a significant trend towards earlier arrival after periods of higher temperatures along the migration route, whereas one species showed a trend towards later arrival after higher temperatures. These results are consistent with the general trend towards earlier arrival of migratory birds that has been reported in the northern hemisphere and linked to rising temperatures from climate change. This study provides evidence that migratory birds in the southern hemisphere are responding to climate change in a similar way to birds in the northern hemisphere.
Growth rates and phenology of some southern California grassland species

Acocks, J.P.H. 1953. Veld types of South Africa Mem. Bot Survey South Africa. No. 28. Government Printer, Pretoria. Bennie J. 1975. Dep Soil Science, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein. Personal Communication. Chippendal, Lucy. 1955. The grasses and pastures of South Africa. Edited by D. Meredith, C.N. A. Johannesburg. Henrici M. 1940. Fodderplants of the Broken Veld Part 11 (Fauresmith District) Sci. Bull. No 213 (Soil and Veld Conserv. Ser. No. 1) Government Printer, Pretoria. Howell, Denise. 1962. The new look in veld management. Farmer's Weekly Feb. 2, 1962. p. 18-20. Matthews E.D. 1950. "Tukulu" The Rebirth of a South African Farm. Lovedale Press, Alice, Cape Province. South Africa. Roux. P.W. 1966. Die uitwerking can seisoensreenval en beweiding op gemende karooveld Proc. Grassveld Soc. , South Africa 1: 103-109.
Tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing interneurons in intact and dopamine-depleted striatum

OF THE DISSERTATION . II PREFACE.V ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . VII TABLE OF CONTENTS . VIII LIST OF TABLES . XI LIST OF FIGURES . XII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XIV CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.1 1.1 General Organization of the Basal Ganglia. 2 1.2 Striatal organization and information flow . 3 1.3 Striatal interneurons and striatal information processing. 8 1.4 Dopaminergic innervation of striatum . 17 1.4. 1 Sources and developmental origins. 17 1.4. 2 Effect of dopamine on SPNs . 19 1.4. 3 Effect of dopamine on striatal interneurons . 25 1.5 Striatal TH+ interneurons: Where the worlds of interneurons and dopamine collide . 26 1.6 Why is putting TH+ interneurons into an anatomical perspective in the striatum important? 30 1.7 What really happens to TH interneurons following striatal dopamine loss? 33 1.8 Goals of the Thesis . 34 CHAPTER 2: GENERAL METHODS . 37 2.1 EXPERIMENT 1 . 38 2.1.1 Subjects . 38 2.1.2 In vitro electrophysiology . 38 2.1.3 Biocytin cytochemistry . 40 2.1.4 Mu-opioid receptor immunocytochemistry. 41 2.1.5 Stereology and anatomical mapping . 42 2.1.6 Statistics . 44 2.2 EXPERIMENT 2 . 44 2.2.1 Subjects . 44 2.2.2 6-OHDA lesion . 45 2.2. 3 Retrograde labeling . 46 2.2. 4 Stereology. 47 2.2. 5 Immunocytochemistry. 48 2.2. 6 In vitro electrophysiology . 48
Seasonal Influences on Different Stages of In Vitro Fertilization: Stimulation and Fertilization

Background: Effect of seasonal changes in human reproduction has been intensively researched. Some studies acknowledge influences of seasonal variation on natural conception, while others can not confirm them. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seasonal changes on different stages of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in Tehran. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 268 cycles which were the first intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle of the couples between July 2005 and March 2007. Multiple logistic regression was used to model the influence of different clinical factors on pregnancy rate and a bivariate Poisson regression model was used for modeling the number of mature oocytes and obtained embryos. Results: Based on the logistic regression model, the duration of infertility, female age, number of mature oocytes, and transferred embryos were only the significant predictors. In this series, seasonal changes had no predictive value on the pregnancy rate. Bivariate Poisson regression model showed that only the female age and duration of infertility were the factors simultaneously affecting the number of embryos and mature oocytes. Conclusion: The suspected seasonal variability on the outcome of ICSI cycles has not been confirmed. Furthermore, among different seasons, there are no significant differences in the number of mature oocytes, obtained embryos, and transferred embryos.
Group Living in the Black-Breasted Wood-Quail and the Use of Playbacks as a Survey Technique

Abstract I used playbacks of recorded group song to survey and capture Black-breasted Wood-Quail (Odontophorus leucolaemus), a cloud forest endemic, in Monteverde, Costa Rica. This species is abundant in the dense understory of large windbreaks, forest fragments, and continuous forest of the Monteverde Reserve Complex. Mean covey size was four adults (range = 2–9 adults) and mean density, which did not differ between fragmented and continuous forest, was one covey per 3.3 ha. Wood-Quail defended all-purpose group territories and coveys persisted from one year to the next, indicating a group structure that is very different from what is found in most New World quail. A peak in breeding activity occurred at the transition from the wet to the dry season and larger groups produced significantly more juveniles than smaller groups in this population. Playbacks were a useful technique for detecting Black-breasted Wood-Quail; coveys responded to 65% of survey attempts by chorus and approach. By repeating the survey just three times, I was able to detect 91% ± 5% of all coveys that were known from extensive searches to occur in the remnant forest patches of the Monteverde community. The year-round sociality that is seen in this species is due in part to the retention of young on the natal territory beyond the age of sexual maturity. The intriguing relationship between group size and reproductive success in this population suggests the wood-quail may provide the first demonstration of a cooperative breeding system in the Galliformes.
Thermoconformity even in hot small temporary water bodies: a case study in yellow-bellied toad (Bombina v. variegata)

The small sized yellow-bellied toad inhabits small temporary water bodies. These puddles are used by this species in both open landscapes and closed forested habitats. The thermal characteristics of these puddles in the open and closed habitat types showed considerable difference. In laboratory conditions the toad selected a narrow and low preferred temperature range (20.5-23.3°C). The measured voluntary thermal maximum (VTMaxwater) and critical thermal maximum (CTMax) was 35.9 ± 1.3°C, and 38.3 ± 0.5°C respectively. In the field, the toads using the surface water layer were thermoconformers irrespective of the actual thermal environment. The high VTMaxwater and CTMax presumably permit the use of such a thermoregulatory strategy.
Experimental and numerical studies of positive texture effect on friction reduction of sliding contact under mixed lubrication

Textured surfaces have been remarkable in improving the frictional performance of sliding contacts, particularly at instances such as boundary or mixed lubrication regimes. This article reports the results of an experimental and numerical study carried out by introducing surface textures in the form of protrusions to investigate its effects on friction performance under a mixed lubrication regime. The surface textures produced by the chemical etching process are tested on the pin on disc test rig by varying area density and height of the texture. In numerical simulation, the modified Reynolds equation (Patir–Cheng flow model) and asperity contact model (Greenwood–Tripp model) are solved for hydrodynamic and asperity pressures, respectively. The results indicate that the experimental measurements are qualitatively in good agreement with numerical predictions. Furthermore, the simulations are performed for different texture shapes by varying texture area density, height, and sliding velocity. The results depict that a maximum friction reduction of 87% with elliptical textures compared to the un-textured case.
Exploring teachers’ attitudes: knowledge and classroom strategies for children who stutter in New Zealand

ABSTRACT Background: Stuttering is associated with negative stereotypes and attitudes. Teachers play a pivotal role in children’s lives but need to be well educated about stuttering in order to support children in the classroom. This study (i) explored New Zealand teachers’ attitudes and knowledge and (ii) piloted an online education package for teachers. Method: In phase one, 59 teachers (35 primary and 24 secondary) completed an online survey examining their attitudes and knowledge of stuttering and strategies for classroom management. In phase two, 27 primary school teachers completed a short online education package including a fact sheet and educational video ‘Wait wait … I’m not finished yet’ (Michael Palin Centre, 2018). Teachers completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering POSHA-S [Abdalla, F. A. , & Louis, K. O. S. (2012). Arab school teachers’ knowledge, beliefs and reactions regarding stuttering. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 37(1), 54–69 ] before and after the education package. Results: The teachers surveyed had a wide range of teaching experience (1—46 years) and displayed positive attitudes to stuttering. They had gaps in their knowledge about the cause of stuttering. Teachers frequently rated ‘unsure’ to statements relating to the use of classroom strategies. The online education package was well received and considered valuable in understanding stuttering. Attitudes and knowledge shifted in accuracy and certainty. Conclusion: The New Zealand teachers in this study had positive attitudes but knowledge gaps. Their toolbox of appropriate classroom strategies was limited. A short online education package can enable teachers to make a positive shift in attitudes and knowledge and reflect on new strategies to use in their current classrooms. Stuttering resources should be available to all teachers .
Toward a Better Understanding of the Reciprocal Relations Between Adolescent Psychological Need Experiences and Sleep

In two diary studies, we examined the reciprocal daily association between the satisfaction and frustration of adolescents’ basic psychological needs and sleep, and the role of stress and fatigue in these associations. In Study 1 (N = 211; 52% female; Mage = 15.86 years, SD = 1.18 years), daily need experiences were unrelated to daily fluctuations in subjective sleep outcomes. However, shorter daily sleep quantity was related to higher daily fatigue, which in turn related to more daily need frustration and less need satisfaction. Study 2 (N = 51; 49% female; Mage = 15.88 years, SD = 2.88 years) extended these findings by demonstrating that daily need frustration related to shorter objective sleep quantity and longer wake after sleep onset, indirectly through higher symptoms of stress. Poor sleep quality also related to worse need experiences via higher daily fatigue. These findings underscore the dynamic interplay between daily need experiences and adolescent sleep.
GENETIC DIVERGENCE ANALYSIS USING YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

Genetic divergence was studied for different yield and quality traits in 41 rice genotypes. These genotypes were collected from different rice eco-geographical regions of India.The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Based on the genetic distance all the 41 genotypes were grouped under thirteen different clusters. The mode of distribution of genotypes from different eco-regions into various clusters was at random indicating that geographical diversity and genetic diversity were not related. The maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between clusters III and XIII and the maximum intra-cluster distance was found in cluster XI followed by VI. The characters like number of grains per panicle, plant height, grain length and grain breadth contributed maximum towards genetic diversity. Hence these characters could be given due importance for selection of genotypes for further crop improvement programme. © 2011 IJRSR. All rights reserved.
Burrow occupancy in Westland petrels (Procellaria westlandica)

The Westland ~etrel (Procellaria ruestlandica) is endemic to New Zealand, and nests within a restricted area of the West Coast of the South Is. Surveys of burrow occupancy rate in 2 colonies in 2001 using burrow-scopes showed an average of 21% of burrows contained a chick or egg. The rate was c. 50% of that recorded for other burrowing seabirds and surveyed using burrow-scopes. These findings may suggest that the breeding population may have declined in recent years, or that a large group of non-breeding birds maintain territories on the colonies. Further work is planned to test the 2 opposing hypotheses.
The Effect of Inclination Angle and Reynolds Number on the Performance of a Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) Process

In this numerical study, a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system has been modeled considering various angles for the membrane unit and the Reynolds number range of 500 to 2000. A two-dimensional model developed based on the Navier–Stokes, energy, and species transport equations were used. The governing equations were solved using the finite volume method (FVM). The results showed that with an increase in the Reynolds number of up to 1500, the heat transfer coefficient for all membrane angles increases, except for the inclination angle of 60°. Also, an increase in the membrane angle up to 90° causes the exit influence to diminish and the heat transfer to be augmented. Such findings revealed that the membrane inclination angle of 90° (referred to as the vertical membrane) with Reynolds number 2000 could potentially have the lowest temperature difference. Likewise, within the Reynolds numbers of 1000 and 2000, by changing the inclination angle of the membrane, temperature difference remains constant, however, for Reynolds numbers up to 500, the temperature difference reduces intensively.
Lifetime Exposure to Conversion Therapy and Psychosocial Health Among Midlife and Older Adult Men Who Have Sex with Men.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Conversion therapies to minimize same-sex attractions are classified as a dangerous practice by numerous scientific institutions in the United States. These practices may contribute to poor long-term psychosocial health, thereby interrupting processes of healthy aging. Few studies have examined psychosocial differences between persons with and without prior experiences of conversion therapy. We assessed associations between prior conversion therapy experiences and psychosocial health among midlife and older men who have sex with men (MSM; age 40+ years). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants included a multicity sample of MSM (N = 1156) enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study completed health surveys (2016-2019) as part of their bi-annual study visits. Using multivariable regressions, we investigated the associations of prior conversion therapy with current depressive symptoms, internalized homophobia, post-traumatic stress, and cumulative psychosocial conditions. Using a trait-level measure (e.g., life purpose and perseverance), we tested whether resilience moderated these associations. RESULTS The full sample was predominantly Non-Hispanic White with a mean age of 62.6 years. Fifteen percent of men (n = 171/1156) reported prior conversion therapy. In multivariable models, men exposed to conversion therapy were more likely to have depressive symptoms and above-average internalized homophobia. Men exposed to conversion therapy had 2 to 2.5 times the odds of reporting 1 and ≥2 psychosocial conditions, respectively, compared with those who reported 0 conditions. Resilience did not moderate these associations. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Conversion therapies are non-affirming social stressors for MSM and may compromise critical psychosocial aspects of healthy aging among MSM.
Adobe bricks can help identify historic weed flora – a case study from south-western Hungary

Background: The adobe bricks of old buildings can preserve diaspores of cultivated and weed species associated with arable fields. Recovery of these plant remains can provide insight into historical agriculture, and former weed flora. Aims: This study aims to describe and evaluate the changes in the weed flora in south-western Hungary, based on archaeobotanical findings and contemporary plot surveys. Methods: Plant remains of 51 adobe bricks dating from 1850 to 1950 were identified in south-western Hungary and compared with the flora of 104 plots from the same region. Results: A total of 276 species were identified from the adobe bricks, while the present-day plot survey yielded 305 species. A significant difference was found between the historical (60- to 160-year-old) and current species richness of the weed flora. The proportion of rare and threatened species decreased by 38.1%. A total of 142 weed species identified from the adobe bricks have declined, and 40 of them even disappeared in comparison with the contemporary surveys. Today, in Hungary and neighbouring countries, more than 80 of these species are rare or threatened and some of them are extinct or critically endangered. Conclusions: Our findings show that many weed species that flourished in the early twentieth century have declined. This is most likely due to the intensive management practices of cultivated fields and the spread of invasive neophyte taxa. We showed that analysing the botanical information preserved in adobe bricks is a reliable method that can provide evidence of long-term changes in weed flora.