Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analogue modelling of inverted domino‐style basement fault systems

Inversion of pre‐existing extensional fault systems is common in rift systems, back‐arc basins and passive margins. It can significantly influence the development of structural traps in hydrocarbon basins. The analogue models of domino‐style basement fault systems shown in this paper produced, on extension, characteristic hangingwall growth stratal wedges that, when contracted and inverted, formed classic inversion harpoon geometries and asymmetric hangingwall contractional fault‐propagation folds. Segmented footwall shortcut faults formed as the basement faults were progressively back‐rotated and steepened. The pre‐existing extensional fault architectures, basement fault geometries and the relative hangingwall and footwall block rotations exerted fundamental controls on the inversion styles. Digital image correlation (DIC) strain monitoring illustrated complex vertical fault segmentation and linkage during inversion as the major faults were reactivated and strain was progressively transferred onto footwall shortcut faults. Hangingwall deformation during inversion was dominated by significant back‐rotation as the inversion progressed. The mechanical stratigraphy of the cover sequences strongly influenced the fold and fault evolution of the reactivated fault systems. The implications of the experimental results for the interpretation and analysis of inversion structures are discussed and are compared with natural examples of inverted basement‐involved extensional faults observed in seismic datasets.
STABILITY ANALYSIS AND GENOTYPE X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION FOR GRAIN YIELD IN BREAD WHEAT

The objective of this study was to determine stability and genotype X environment interaction of some wheat genotypes, and the effect of different environments on grain yield to understand their adaptation to varying environments. Forty wheat genotypes were evaluated at three locations (Gemmieza, Nubaria and Mallawy) in Egypt during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons. Genotypes generally showed variation in their response to changing environment. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant variances (P < 0.01) due to genotypes (G), locations (L), years (Y), the first order interactions (G x L, G x Y and Y x L) and the second order interaction (G x L x Y) for grain yield. Maximum grain yield was produced in Gemmieza followed by Mallawy and Nubaria locations. Pooled analysis of variance and stability analysis were performed. The variances due to genotypes (G), environments (E), E + (G x E), G x E, E (linear), G x E (linear) and pooled deviation were highly significant (P < 0.01). The partitioning of G x E interaction variance into linear and non-linear components indicated that both predictable and unpredictable components shared the interaction. Wide range of stability statistics was observed among genotypes for all the stability parameters. Maximum grain yield of 21.16 (ardab/feddan) was produced by the promising line 32 followed by the promising 33, 28, 23, Sakha 93 and Gemmieza 9. The large variation in mean grain yield, phenotypic variance (σ 2 P), coefficient of variation (C.V. %), regression coefficient (bi) and deviation from regression (S 2 d) indicates different responses of genotypes to environmental changes. Genotypes Sakha 93 and the promising lines 23, 31 and 32 showed high grain yield, low deviation from regression and their regression coefficient values were close to unity and could be classified as stable genotypes. Stable performance was expressed by the promising line 32 (Gemmieza 9 / Sids 8) because of higher grain yield ( x = 21.16 ardab/feddan), regression coefficient close to unity (bi = 1.06) and low deviation from regression (S 2 d = -0.53). Regression coefficient of each genotype was highly significant positive correlated with mean, phenotypic variance and coefficient of variation. However, the phenotypic variance had significant and highly significant positive correlation with mean and coefficient of variation, respectively.
Identifying the nexus between ﬁ nancial stability and economic growth: the role of stability indicators

Purpose – This study aims to examine the interrelationship between ﬁ nancial stability and economic growth with a comprehensiveanalysis. Design/methodology/approach – The panel Granger causality testing approach is carried out to the panels of the Fragile Five (F5) and the Group of Seven (G7) countries for the period 1998 – 2020. To capture the different aspectsof ﬁ nancial stability theauthorsuseeightdifferentindicators. Findings – The ﬁ ndings reveal some important implications: the relationship between ﬁ nancial stability and economic growth is sensitive to the ﬁ nancial stability indicators for both the F5 and G7 countries. The stability indicators related to the credit market contain much more causality relationship with economic growth than the indicators related to the stock market. Z-score and provisions to nonperforming loans (NPLs) are among the two variables with the highest causality relationship with economic growth. The least number of causality link is found for the Regulatory Capital Ratio and Stock Price Volatility in F5 countries and Credit Ratio, NPLs and Stock Price Volatility in G7 countries. Economic growth affects ﬁ nancial stability through credit market stability indicators and mostly for the F5 countries. No causal relationship is found for any of the ﬁ nancial stability indicatorsof Canada, theUKandtheUSAfrom economic growth to ﬁ nancialstability. Originality/value – Since the linkages between ﬁ nancial stability and economic growth may vary due to country/group speci ﬁ c differences, apart from the previous studies, the authors select two different groups of countriesin termsof ﬁ nancial stability andeconomic size.
X-Attack 2.0: The Risk of Power Wasters and Satisfiability Don’t-Care Hardware Trojans to Shared Cloud FPGAs

Cloud computing environments increasingly provision field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for their programmability and hardware-level parallelism. While FPGAs are typically used by one tenant at a time, multitenant schemes supporting spatial sharing of cloud FPGA resources have been proposed in the literature. However, the spatial multitenancy of FPGAs opens up new attack surfaces. Investigating potential security threats to multitenant FPGAs is thus essential for better understanding and eventually mitigating the security risks. This work makes a notable step forward by systematically analyzing the combined threat of FPGA power wasters and satisfiability don’t-care hardware Trojans in shared cloud FPGAs. We demonstrate a successful remote undervolting attack that activates a hardware Trojan concealed within a victim FPGA design and exploits the payload. The attack is carried out entirely remotely, assuming two spatially colocated FPGA users isolated from one another. The victim user’s circuit is infected with a Trojan, triggered by a pair of don’t-care signals that never reach the combined trigger condition during regular operation. The adversary, targeting the exploitation of the Trojan, deploys power waster circuits to lower the supply voltage of the FPGA. The assumption is that, under the effect of the lowered voltage, don’t-care signals may reach the particular state that triggers the Trojan. We name this exploit X-Attack and demonstrate its feasibility on an embedded FPGA and real-world cloud FPGA instances. Additionally, we study the effects of various attack tuning parameters on the exploit’s success. Finally, we discuss potential countermeasures against this security threat and present a lightweight self-calibrating countermeasure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on undervolting-based fault-injection attacks in multitenant FPGAs to demonstrate the attack on commercially available cloud FPGA instances.
Extreme events and coupled socio-ecological systems

Rare, but potentially impactful, extreme events in socio-ecological systems (SES) can trigger signiﬁcant consequences. The scarcity of theoretical frameworks for such events in SES is due to data limitations and diﬃculty in building coupled SES models. We explore the eﬀect of extreme events on coupled socio-ecological systems using two stylized case studies: harvesting of old-growth forests and coral reef ﬁsheries. We found that extreme events alter the long-term and transient dynamics of the systems. We identify counter-intuitive situations where the degradation of forests or coral habitat can prevent extinction through social dynamics feedback. Management outcomes show maximum variability at intermediate disturbance frequencies, complicating predictions of ecological recovery. We also found that initial conditions signiﬁcantly inﬂuence system responses to shocks. Lastly, we found that shocks to the ecological subsystem had far greater consequences than those that occurred in on the social side. Our work lays a foundation for future studies on extreme events in socio-ecological dynamics, highlighting the complexities of predicting coupled system responses to shocks.
A Survey on the Possibilities & Impossibilities of AI-generated Text Detection

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the domain of natural language processing (NLP) with remarkable capabilities for generating human-like text responses. However, despite these advancements, several works in the existing literature have raised serious concerns about the potential misuse of LLMs such as spreading misinformation, generating fake news, plagiarism in academia, and contaminating the web. To address these concerns, a consensus among the research community is to develop algorithmic solutions to detect AI-generated text. The basic idea is that whenever we can tell if the given text is either written by a human or an AI, we can utilize this information to address the above-mentioned concerns. To that end, a plethora of detection frameworks have been proposed, highlighting the possibilities of AI-generated text detection. But in parallel to the development of detection frameworks, researchers have also concentrated on designing strategies to elude detection, i.e., focusing on the impossibilities of AI-generated text detection. This is a crucial step in order to make sure the detection frameworks are robust enough and it is not too easy to fool a detector. Despite the huge interest and the flurry of research in this domain, the community currently lacks a comprehensive analysis of recent developments. In this survey, we aim to provide a concise categorization and overview
ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF EDUCATORS AND EDUCATION Teacher and Middle Leadership: Resolving Conceptual Confusion to Advance the Knowledge Base of Teacher Leadership

This paper explores issues with defining teacher leadership and this causes confusion with research on middle leadership. After providing a definition of middle leadership, four major reviews of teacher leadership and an international research project on teacher leadership are described in terms of how teacher leadership is defined. It is shown that in most definitions of teacher leadership there is considerable overlap with middle leadership research and because of this there is a lack of clarity about what is being researched. A leadership influence model is described which provides a way to distinguish between school leadership based on positional power and personal connectiveness. Importantly, this can provide a distinction between teacher and middle leadership that has greater clarity and distinctiveness than current definitions, and potentially it could unify the study of teacher, middle, principal and distributed leadership.
Potential e ﬀ ects of customer-brand identi ﬁ cation and self-representation on Aliexpress advocacy: a comparative study

Purpose – Drawing on social identity theory (SIT), the current research highlights the sequential mediation effects of customer interaction, functional value and hedonic value in linking customer-brand identi ﬁ cation andself-representationwith online brandadvocacy (OBA). Design/methodology/approach – Data were gathered from 483 Egyptian and 595 non-Egyptian Aliexpress shopping platformcustomers,then analyzed usingSmartPLS 4. Findings – The multigroup analysis ﬁ ndings revealed that customer interaction and functional/hedonic values sequentially mediated the linkages of customer-brand identi ﬁ cation and self-presentation with OBA forEgyptianandnon-Egyptian user groups. Originality/value – The novelty of this study is that it tested and validated customer interaction with the Aliexpress service scale, allowing for re ﬂ ection on the interactive nature of this platform between Egyptian and non-Egyptian customers. SIT also lends credence to the idea that self-presentation mediates the effect of Funding : No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript Con ﬂ ict of interest : The authors declare no competing interests. Since
Journal of Plant Production

The present study was carried out to ascertain, the optimal seeding rate of 40, 50, and 60 kg/fed for six promising bread wheat cultivars: Giza 171, Misr 3, Misr 4, Sakha 95, Nubaria 2, and Sids 14 based on yield-contributing traits. The research investigation was carried out at El-Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during seasons, of 2021/22, and 2022/23. The results showed that the highest grain yield was produced by the Misr 4, which outperformed Sakha 95, Misr 3, Giza 171, Sids 14 and Nubaria 2. The best seeding rate was 50 kg/fed. Regarding the interaction, the seed rate 50 kg/fed under Misr 4 cultivar produced the highest grain yield. However, Sakha 95 yielded the highest grain yield at the lowest seeding rates (40 kg/fed).
Accuracy of Ultrasound in the diagnosis of Lateral and Posterior Accuracy of Ultrasound in the diagnosis of Lateral and Posterior invasion in patients with placenta accreta spectrum disorders invasion in patients with placenta accreta spectrum disorders

Background : A placenta ' s improper attachment to the uterine wall is known as placenta accreta (PA). Ultrasound and MRI are used to make the diagnosis. Skilled ultrasound operators with placenta accreta spectrum experience produce accurate images. Aim : To prospectively evaluate a cohort of patients at high risk of PAS using speci ﬁ c ultrasound signs derived from the criteria proposed by the EW-AIP. Patients and methods : The present study is an observational cross-sectional analytic study, which was conducted at Al-Hussein and Sayed Galal Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University on 100 women who were recruited from Obstetrics and Gynecology Department and outpatient clinics. Results : Most patients had patients had placenta accreta. According to US ﬁ ndings, the majority of patients had lateral PAS, and there was a noticeable disparity between US ﬁ ndings and surgical ﬁ ndings. For diagnosing placental accreta, ultrasound ' s sensitivity and speci ﬁ city are adequate. Conclusion : For diagnosing placental accretas, ultrasound ' s sensitivity and speci ﬁ city are adequate. Due to its accuracy, low cost, and noninvasive nature, The most accurate and popular scanning technique for determining the presence of the placental accreta is still ultrasound. This treatment method is extremely popular because it is widely available, patient-friendly, and reasonably priced.
From Presence to Influence Gender,

The enduring lack of diversity in the corporate elite continues to attract attention from scholars and practitioners. However, the issue of representation or ‘body count’ – in particular for women – tends to dominate the discussion and overshadows social-relational dimensions. Adopting a network perspective, this article investigates how gender and nationality interact with human and social capital (i.e., director capital), explaining why particular directors hold more influential positions in the corporate elite. Findings from Swiss data show that some specific aspects of human and social capital matter more than others for being an influential director and that, ceteris paribus , Swiss citizens benefit most from both sources of capital. The discussion engages with the implications of our findings on current approaches intended to increase the numbers of appointments of ‘diverse’ directors, and how these are expected to change the corporate elite and the related job market in the longer term.
CD4/CD8 Ratio Recovered as a Predictor of Decreased Liver Damage in Adults Infected With HIV: 16-Year Observational Cohort Study

Background: As the life expectancy of individuals infected with HIV continues to increase, vigilant monitoring of non–AIDS-related events becomes imperative, particularly those pertaining to liver diseases. In comparison to the general population, patients infected with HIV experience a higher frequency of liver-related deaths. The CD4/CD8 ratio is emerging as a potential biomarker for non–AIDS-related events. However, few existing studies have been specially designed to explore the relationship between the CD4/CD8 ratio and specific types of non–AIDS-related events, notably liver damage
EHES Working Paper

This paper explores the relationship between market access and education levels in the context of an industrializing economy, in this case Spain between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Specifically, we examine whether differences in regional accumulations of human capital could be related to market access, which would explain the divergent trajectories of regional economic growth in Spain. To do this, we empirically test the relationship between education variables and market potential for Spanish provinces between 1860 and 1930. We then focus on the mechanism that may be mediating this relationship, i
Effects of Unionization on Graduate Student Employees: Faculty-Student Relations, Academic Freedom, and Pay

In cases involving unionization of graduate student research and teaching assistants at private U.S. universities, the National Labor Relations Board has, at times, denied collective bargaining rights on the presumption that unionization would harm faculty-student relations and academic freedom. Using survey data collected from PhD students in five academic disciplines across eight public U.S. universities, the authors compare represented and non-represented graduate student employees in terms of faculty-student relations, academic freedom, and pay. Unionization does not have the presumed negative effect on student outcomes, and in some cases has a positive effect. Union-represented graduate student employees report higher levels of personal and professional support, unionized graduate student employees fare better on pay, and unionized and nonunionized students report similar perceptions of academic freedom. These findings suggest that potential harm to faculty-student relationships and academic freedom should not continue to serve as bases for the denial of collective bargaining rights to graduate student employees.
A renewed archaeological and archaeobotanical assessment of house sites at Kuk Swamp in the highlands of Papua New Guinea

House sites located on the wetland margin at Kuk Swamp in the Upper Wahgi Valley of Papua New Guinea were excavated in 1972 and 1973. Macrobotanical remains collected during excavation of domestic contexts were collected and subject to preliminary identification. Renewed macrobotanical analysis of these remains provides a more reliable foundation for their taxonomic identification to species or genus level. Plant remains include sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum ) and probable sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas ). Direct Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating of macrobotanical remains provides a reliable basis for determining the antiquity of the house sites and differentiates at least two periods of settlement.
for Object Tracking

The problem of arbitrary object tracking has traditionally been tackled by learning a model of the object’s appearance exclusively online, using as sole training data the video itself. Despite the success of these methods, their online-only approach inherently limits the richness of the model they can learn. Recently, several attempts have been made to exploit the expressive power of deep convolutional networks. However, when the object to track is not known beforehand, it is necessary to perform Stochastic Gradient Descent online to adapt the weights of the network, severely compromising the speed of the system. In this paper we equip a basic tracking algorithm with a novel fully-convolutional Siamese network trained end-to-end on the ILSVRC15 dataset for object detection in video. Our tracker operates at frame-rates beyond real-time and, despite its extreme simplicity, achieves state-of-the-art performance in multiple benchmarks.
ON SOME STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF THE INTERVAL MAPPING FOR QTL DETECTION

The advent of complete genetic linkage maps of DNA markers has made the systematic study of mapping the quantitative trait loci (QTL) in experimental organisms feasible. In recent years, methodological research on QTL mapping has been extensively carried out. However, some related statistical problems remain unsolved. In this article, we consider these problems for the method of interval mapping proposed by Lander and Botstein (1989). We tackle the intrinsic non- identiabilit y of the involved irregular statistical models and establish the consis- tency of the maximum likelihood estimates of the putative QTL eect and position. We derive by a non-standard approach the asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) statistic for QTL detection. Our result provides a structure for the asymptotic distribution which enjoys the invariance property of regular models. The applications of the results to the determination of threshold values or p-values of interval mapping for QTL detection are discussed and developed. Simulation studies are performed to compare the new approach with the existing methods. The results are presented only for the backcross model but can be extended easily to the intercross model.
Seasonal habitat relationships of white-tailed deer in northwestern Montana

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES. viii LIST OF FIGURES. xi THESIS INTRODUCTION. 1 CHAPTER 1: SUMMER HABITAT USE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN NORTHWESTERN MONTANA. 3 Introduction. 3 Study Area . 5 Methods. 8 Trapping. 8 Radio Telemetry. 9 Description of Deer Ranges and Random Ranges. 10 Habitat Composition on Deer Ranges and Random Ranges. 11 Habitat Selection within the Home Range. 15 Data Analysis. 16 Results. 19 Habitat Composition of Deer Ranges and Random Ranges. 19 Habitat Selection within Home Ranges. 32 Discussion. 44 Home Range Selection. 44 Habitat Selection within the Home Range. 50 CHAPTER 2: WINTER HABITAT USE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN NORTHWESTERN MONTANA. 57 Introduction. 57 Study Area. 58